Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Examining Why and When Market Share Drives Firm Profit

Many firms use market share to set marketing goals and monitor performance. Recent meta-analytic research reveals the average economic impact of market share performance and identifies some factors affecting its value. However, empirical understanding of why any market share–profit relationship exists and varies is limited. The authors simultaneously examine the three primary theoretical mechanisms linking firm market share with profit. On average, they find that most of the variance in market share’s positive effect on firm profit is explained by market power and quality signaling, with little support for operating efficiency as a mechanism. They find a similar explanatory role of the three mechanisms in conditions where market share negatively predicts profit (for niche firms and those “buying” market share). Using these mechanism insights, the authors show that the value of market share differs in predictable ways between firms and across industries, providing new understanding of when managers may usefully set market share goals. The authors also provide new insights into how market share should be measured for goal setting and performance monitoring. They show that revenue market share is a predictor of firm profit while unit market share is not, and that relative measures of revenue market share can provide greater predictive power.
Pengaruh Leverage, Ukuran Perusahaan dan Inflasi terhadap Profitabilitas Pada Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia

Perusahaan memiliki orientasi untuk mendapatkan keuntungan dalam menjalankan kegiatan usaha. Terdapat faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi profitabilitas perusahaan, baik secara internal dan eksternal. Manajemen perusahaan, harus mengontrol rasio keuangan mereka dan mempertimbangkan kondisi makroekonomi serta lingkungan karena faktor-faktor tersebut dapat mempengaruhi profitabilitas perusahaan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji pengaruh leverage, ukuran perusahaan dan inflasi terhadap profitabilitas Bank Umum Syariah tahun 2012-2019. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Objek penelitian ini adalah Perusahaan sektor Perbankan yaitu Bank Umum Syariah terdaftar di Otoritas Jasa Keuangan pada periode 2012 sampai 2019. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah regresi data panel, yaitu penggabungan data cross section dan data time series menggunakan data 10 Bank Umum Syariah Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa leverage yang menggunakan indikator DER berpengaruh positif signifikan secara parsial terhadap profitabilitas pada Bank Umum Syariah, yang menggunakan indikator ROA. Selanjutnya ukuran perusahaan yang menggunakan indikator Ln Aset dan Inflasi tidak berpengaruh signifikan secara parsial terhadap profitabilitas pada Bank Umum Syariah, namun berpengaruh secara simultan. Variabel leverage, ukuran perusahaan, dan inflasi berpengaruh signifikan secara simultan atau bersama-sama terhadap profitabilitas pada Bank Umum Syariah.
Yabancı pazarlara giriş stratejilerini belirleme: Analitik hiyerarşi süreci (AHP) tabanlı bir analiz

Günümüzün küresel dünyasında gelişmekte olan ülkeler hem bir pazar olarak hem de uluslararasılaşma stratejileri doğrultusunda bir dış yatırımcı olarak oldukça aktif bir oyuncu niteliğindedir. Gelişmekte olan ülke işletmeleri bir veya daha fazla ülkede yatırım yapmayı stratejik olarak gerekli bulmakta ve buna göre pazara giriş yolları aramaktadır. Çalışmada, Türkiye gibi gelişmekte olan ülke firmalarının, yabancı pazarlara girmeyi düşünen yöneticileri için, yabancı pazara giriş stratejileri alternatiflerini belirlemek ve karar almalarını kolaylaştırmak amacıyla bir metodoloji geliştirilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Metodoloji, yabancı pazara giriş stratejileriyle ilgili riskler ve belirsizliklerle ilgilenmekte ve pazara girişin hangi yolla olması gerektiği konusunda yol gösterici nitelik taşımaktadır. Araştırma farklı alternatifler arasından en uygun olanının seçilmesine olanak vermesi ve ev sahibi ülke ile belirsizlikler karşısında işletmelerin daha kolay ve daha doğru karar almasını sağlama özelliğine sahip olmasından dolayı Analitik Hiyerarşi Prosesi (AHP) ile kurgulanmıştır. Araştırma da pazara girişi etkileyen ana kriterler içinde ev sahibi ülke faktörleri en yüksek öneme sahip ana kriter olmuştur. Bununla birlikte Türk Çokuluslu İşletmelerinin (TÇUİ) farklı pazara giriş alternatifleri arasından yüksek düzeyde kontrol gücü sağlayan ortak girişim ve doğrudan yabancı yatırım stratejilerini daha yüksek düzeyde tercih ettiği belirlenmiştir.
Ion hydration effects in the optical absorption and molecular vibration of water

Hydration occurs when some ionic species are in pure water. In this research study, optical properties of an electrolytic solution with ionic species that emulated the extracellular environment were analyzed. The attenuated total reflection ATR-FTIR spectra and Raman spectra of electrolyte solutions were measured and the vibrational spectra of pure water (type A) with electrolyte solutions in the spectral region between 2700-4000 cm−1 was compared. At low ionic concentrations of chloride, sodium, potassium and calcium, a weak effect on the spectrum of water was observed. We found a shifts in the absorption bands of water in IR (3286 cm−1 and 3492 cm−1 ) and Raman spectra (3207 cm−1 and 3432 cm−1), which increase with ionic concentration. This effect can be interpreted as a result of interactions between water molecules and solvated ions. This result suggests that the presence of ions in pure water modifies the optical properties of water.
Machine Learning Based Crop Recommendation System

The three most basic amenities required for the survival of a human being are food, shelter and clothing. In today’s tech-savvy generation, the latter two have witnessed a huge scientific boost. Unfortunately, even today, agriculture is considered as more of a man-power oriented field. Most of the farmers are untutored and have little to no scientific knowledge of farming. So, they have to rely on the hit and trial method to learn from experience which leads to wastage of time and resources. Our system focuses on building a predictive model to recommend the most suitable crops to grow in a particular farm based on various parameters. This can be helpful for the farmers to be more productive and competent without wasting any resources by farming the most competent crops.
Molecular phylogeny of cave dwelling Eremogryllodes crickets (Orthoptera, Myrmecophilidae) across Zagros Mountains and Southern Iran

Recently, several new species and subspecies from the genus Eremogryllodes Chopard, 1929 (Insecta: Orthoptera: Myrmecophilidae) inhabiting caves of Iran, have been described based on morphology. The high variation of genitalia structure along with high similarity of external morphology between populations hamper the precise species identification. Thus, molecular approaches are critical to determine the taxonomic positions of species/subspecies of this genus. Here we provide the molecular phylogeny, based on the 16S rRNA mitochondrial gene, of recently described species of Eremogryllodes along with some unidentified specimens from the same region. The results support the monophyly of the family Myrmecophilidae. The topology of the 16S rRNA tree did not completely support the five morpho-species. The three main recovered clades mainly grouped specimens by their geographical locations. Our study suggests the possibility of more than one species in one cave and the presence of cryptic species among cave dwelling crickets, based on the 16S rRNA marker.
Comparing Log-based and Exponent-based Functions to Predict Human Height by Foot Length

Background: Human height estimation is critical in medicolegal cases. This anthropometric measurement not only reveals racial differences but also aids police investigation to narrow down. Foot size varies in different races and ethnic groups, because of genetic influence on development height. The present study aimed to explore the relationship between foot size and the height of a person in a particular context. The current research also compared log-based function and exponent-based function to explore which best fits the relation between age, foot size, and height. Methods: This cross-sectional study included foot measurements from 240 participants of 6 different age groups in the age range of 2-21 years. Foot length and height were recorded as per standard methods after obtaining ethical approval from the Institutional Review Board of COMSATs University Islamabad Pakistan and gaining consent from the study participants. Correlation and regression analyses were performed using SPSS V 23. In this study, two mathematical functions of log-based and exponent-based were compared to more accurately predict the behavior of two variables. The appropriateness of these candidate functions was evaluated using statistical parameters, including the Sum of Squared Errors (SSE), R2, adjusted R2, and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). Results: The mean height of male participants of the age group of 3-5 years was higher than that of the female participants. Among 6-10-year-olds and 11-15-year-olds, female participants presented a greater height than males. In the age groups of 16-20 and ≥21 years, males were taller than females. The average foot size of males and females of all age groups was 22.09 cm and 20.44 cm, respectively. The exponent-based candidate functions best fitted the relationship between age, foot size, and height, compared to the log-based candidate function. Conclusion: Foot size indicated the highest correlation with height and minimum standard error in the estimation of stature. Therefore, foot size provided the highest reliability and accuracy in estimating height.
Bazı Tarımsal Girdilere Uygulanan Katma Değer Vergisi (KDV) İndiriminin Üreticiler Açısından Değerlendirilmesi

In the present study, it was aimed to reveal the VAT exemption application, which started to be applied in 2016 in fertilizers and feed, which are two main inputs in agricultural production, the change of these input prices according to the index based on 2015 = 100 and the evaluation of the producers in Aydın province. First, Turkey Statistical Institute (TSI) prepared by, made available during a certain period 2015 = 100 base, agricultural input price index used to calculate fertilizer and feed inputs items were examined. Other data used in the project were obtained from the survey study. Producers in Germencik, İncirliova and Koçarlı districts, which have a very high agricultural production potential in Aydın, formed the research population (universe). Judgmental sampling method, one of the non-random sampling methods, was used in determining the sample. For this purpose, a survey was conducted with 50 producers in the districts mentioned above. In the general level of fertilizer and animal feed prices, it has been determined that there are significant increases up to 60-70% in 2020 compared to the base period of 2015. Since mid 2018, it has been determined that there have been significant increases in the overall level of fertilizer prices. It has been determined that there has been a certain increase in animal feed price levels since 2016. Therefore, it is considered that the VAT exemption does not have a significant effect on animal feed price levels. It has been determined that the producers have sufficient knowledge about the taxes, especially VAT rates, which are applied on fertilizers, agricultural pesticides, diesel and electricity.
Different dressing materials for pulpotomy: A review

Pulpotomy therapy for the primary dentition has developed along three lines: devitalization, preservation, and regeneration. Devitalization (mummification, cauterization) where the intent is to destroy vital tissue, is typified by formocresol and electrocautery. Preservation (minimal devitalization, noninductive), the retention of maximum vital tissue with no induction of reparative dentin, is exemplified by glutaraldehyde and ferric sulfate treatment. Regeneration (inductive, reparative), the stimulation of a dentin bridge, has long been associated with calcium hydroxide. Of the three categories, regeneration is expected to develop the most rapidly in the coming years. Advances in the field of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) have opened new vistas in pulp therapy. Human BMPs with dentinogenic properties are becoming available.
Displacement of Mini-implants under Orthodontic Force Loading: A Systematic Review

Ab s t r Ac t Aim and objective: To critically evaluate the displacement of orthodontic mini-implants (MIs) under orthodontic force loading. Materials and methods: This trial has been registered to PROSPERO and the registration number is CRD42020150084. An electronic search was done and two independent authors (SS and AKS) screened the initial titles and abstracts to find all the eligible studies in PubMed, Cochrane library, Google Scholar Beta, LILACS from 1950 until June 26, 2020, using the terms orthodontic treatment, temporary anchorage devices, loading behavior, reactive force, stability, primary displacement, migration, dislodgement, loss of anchorage drift, primary stability, loosening, drift characteristics, movement, deflections, biomechanical effect, and randomized controlled trial. The assessment of articles was done using selection criteria. According to the PICOS (population, intervention, comparison, outcome, study design) criteria, the inclusion criteria were worked out. This review took into consideration only randomized and non-randomized trials, and prospective clinical studies were included. We used standard methodological procedures for selecting studies, collecting data. The risk of bias was evaluated and findings were synthesized. Results: Of the 28 initial records identified, a total of 12 studies were included in this review. One study had a poor risk of bias and the remaining 11 studies had moderate to good overall risk. Of the parameters evaluated for displacement, mobility, root approximation of the MIs, the results showed that there was a displacement of MIs but clinically not often relevant to cause failure or complication in treatment. Conclusion: From this review, it can be concluded that there is a displacement of the MI under orthodontic force loading. The primary displacement of the MIs did not appear to be clinically relevant to failure and mobility. Clinical significance: There is a primary displacement that occurs during the loading of MIs and even in some cases secondary displacement. The position and direction of insertion of the MIs should be planned to keep in mind the migration in such a way that it does not interfere with the orthodontic tooth movement and vital structures.
Wireless Sensor Network Informed UAV Path Planning for Soil Moisture Mapping

Adaptive and targeted allocation of mobile sensing agents, in the form of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) with software defined radar (UAV-SDRadar) payloads, enable mapping of surface soil moisture in regions where in situ wireless sensor networks (WSNs) undersample soil moisture or upscaling models perform poorly. This work presents an optimization-based UAV path planning methodology that seeks to maximize UAV flight coverage over areas where a complementing WSN yields upscaled soil moisture estimates with high uncertainty. By recursively mapping soil moisture over such areas, the combined UAV and WSN instrumentation can gradually capture the domain’s true mean soil moisture. A series of numerical simulations are presented to demonstrate the algorithm’s basic function while considering real-world and feasible operational scenarios.
Uniting the Movement? A critical commentary on Sport England’s new strategy

ABSTRACT In January, Sport England, the non-departmental public body responsible for growing and developing grassroots and community sport, published its latest strategy, Uniting the Movement. The 10-year strategy intends to transform lives and communities through sport and physical activity by investing into sport and physical activity programmes and organisations in order to tackle obesity and social inequality with the goal of creating a happier and healthier nation. This critical commentary provides an analysis of this strategy and its implications for sport and physical activity organisations, arguing that the strategy more accurately represents incremental rather than fundamental change and that its development can be characterised as emergent and opportunistic rather than being radical and planned in response to fundamental environmental change. In particular, the commentary explicates the assumptions underpinning the strategy, discusses the overarching themes and central issues embedded within it, and considers its likely impact over the next decade.
Integrated Mobile Application Based on Machine Learning for East Africa Stock Market

Regional Integration refers to the process of states coming together to sign agreements where they agree to cooperate in certain areas common to them. The East African Community (EAC) which was founded on November 30, 1999, identified three integration pillars; common Market protocol, customs union and political federation. In attempt to achieve the named pillars, financial markets have been identified as a key driver for common market and customs union. The challenge however is that the East African countries run the most expensive stocks on the African Continent and this has greatly influenced trade volumes and investor appetite. When these markets are integrated it allows collective bargaining thereby increasing their market share across the region other than a given country running its own exchange. This paper presents a software platform that will enable an investor to purchase and sell stocks irrespective of any location in the East African Region thus spur the development of stock market in terms of volume and competitiveness.
Leader-Follower Formation Control of Wheeled Mobile Robots without Attitude Measurements

The problem of leader-follower formation of a platoon of differential-drive wheeled mobile robots without using attitude measurements is addressed in this paper. Contrary to the position-distance approaches existing in the literature, the formation and collision avoidance is achieved by introducing a state-dependent delay in the desired trajectory. The delay is obtained as the output of a dynamical system and its magnitude will decrease/increase depending on the distance between the robots. To guarantee trajectory tracking and to overcome the lack of orientation measurements, an output feedback control and attitude observer are proposed based on the kinematic model of the robots. The attitude observer is designed directly on the special orthogonal group SO(2) and it can be used in open-loop schemes. The proposed control-observer scheme ensures asymptotic convergence of the tracking and observer errors. Finally, experimental results are presented to show the performance of the proposed approach.
Cubic nonlinear fractional Schrödinger equation with conformable derivative and its new travelling wave solutions

In the present paper, the fractional-order cubic nonlinear Schr¨odinger equation is considered. The Schr¨odinger equation with time and space fractional derivative is studied at the same time. Different types of travelling wave solutions including the kink solution, soliton solution, periodic solution, and singular solution for the mentioned equation are obtained by using the Jacobi elliptic functions expansion method. It is shown that the solutions turn into the exact solutions when the fractional orders go to 1. This method can be relied on gaining the solutions to time or space fractional order partial differential equations as well as ordinary ones. Throughout this work, the fractional derivative is given in a conformable sense.
Water Stability of Metal-Organic Framework HKUST-1

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a new class of crystalline porous materials, having wide pores which provide extremely high specific surface areas, larger than those typically observed in more common porous materials like zeolites or activated carbons. This peculiar property combined with the frequent presence of open-metal sites, makes them very promising for a broad range of applications, spacing from gas storage or separation, drug delivery, toxic air removal, chemical detectors, etc . However, the industrialization of MOFs is still facing difficulties because of their low stability to water or even air moisture, a substance difficult to avoid in applications like those mentioned. Another issue concerning MOF industrialization consists in the low bulk density of the micrometric powder grains, which typically constitute such materials. Unfortunately, their low mechanical stability seems to make difficult even to enhance the packaging by simple mechanical compaction. In this review, we will particularly focus on the current state of art involving the MOF HKUST-1, especially on the degradation process involved when this MOF interacts with water molecules. Furthermore, we will show the connection between water and mechanical stability, bringing to attention of a study where solid tablets of HKUST-1 powder have been realized without any loss of crystallinity or porosity because of an accurate study on the effects of different degree of hydration during the tableting phases. In addition, in order to highlight the causes of damages induced in the framework upon interaction with water, a comparison with other two copper carboxylate MOFs will be shown, namely STAM-1 and STAM-17-OEt, which differ from HKUST-1 uniquely for the organic ligands.
Timing the Ischemic Stroke by Multiparametric Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging

ABSTRACT The advent of recanalization therapies has transformed the management of acute ischemic stroke patients. The timing of symptom onset is one of the key criteria for selecting the recanalization method as pharmacological and non-pharmacological recanalization therapies are only safe when administered within strict, but evolving, time windows. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reveals ischemia within minutes and estimates ischemia duration in brain parenchyma. Preclinical studies have shown that by combining diffusion and relaxometric MRI, timing ischemic strokes is possible with clinically acceptable accuracy. MRI-based stroke timing techniques have been adopted in stroke clinics to stratify patients with unknown onset time for intravenous thrombolysis, resulting in improved outcomes in clinical trials. More recent MRI approaches use absolute apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and T2 relaxation time data in a user-independent manner to estimate the stroke onset time in absolute terms. The introduction of expedited MRI acquisition protocols has made MRI a fast neuro-diagnosis modality. Exploiting advanced technologies such as Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting (MRF), artificial intelligence (AI), and machine learning (ML) for the post-processing of MRI data, combined with fast MRI techniques, is expected to speed up the translation of objective stroke timing procedures into patient management.