Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Is implementing a post-lunch nap beneficial on evening performance, following two nights partial sleep restriction?

ABSTRACT We have investigated the effects that partial-sleep-restriction (PSR0, 4-h sleep retiring at 02:30 and waking at 06:30 h for two consecutive nights) have on 07:30 and 17:00 h cognitive and submaximal weightlifting; and whether this performance improves at 17:00 h following a 13:00 h powernap (0, 30 or 60-min). Fifteen resistance-trained males participated in this study. Prior to the experimental protocol, one repetition max (1RM) bench press and back squat, normative habitual sleep and food intake were recorded. Participants were familiarised with the testing protocol, then completed three experimental conditions: (i) PSR with no nap (PSR0); (ii) PSR with a 30-min nap (PSR30) and (iii) PSR with a 60-min nap (PSR60). Conditions were separated by 7 days with trial order counterbalanced. Intra-aural temperature, Profile of Mood Scores, word-colour interference, alertness and tiredness values were measured at 07:30, 11:00, 14:00, 17:00 h on the day of exercise protocol. Following final temperature measurements at 07:30 h and 17:00 h, participants completed a 5-min active warm-up before performing three repetitions of left and right-hand grip strength, followed by three repetitions at each incremental load (40, 60 and 80% of 1RM) for bench press and back squat, with a 5-min recovery between each repetition. A linear encoder was attached perpendicular to the bar used for the exercises. Average power (AP), average velocity (AV), peak velocity (PV), displacement (D) and time-to-peak velocity (tPV) were measured (MuscleLab software) during the concentric phase of the movements. Data were analysed using general linear models with repeated measures. The main findings were that implementing a nap at 13:00 h had no effect on measures of strength (grip, bench press or back squat). There was a main effect for time of day with greatest performance at 17:00 h for measures of strength. In addition to a significant effect for “load” on the bar for bench press and back squat where AP, AV, PV, D values were greatest at 40% (P < 0.05) and decreased with increased load, whereas tPV and RPE values increased with load; despite this no interaction of “load and condition” were present. A post lunch nap of 30- and 60-minute durations improved mood state, with feelings of alertness, vigour and happiness highest at 17:00 h, in contrast to confusion, tiredness and fatigue (P < 0.05), which were greater in the morning (07:30 h). The word-colour interference test, used as an indicator of cognitive function, reported significant main effect for condition, with the highest total test score in PSR60 condition (P = 0.015). In summary, unlike strength measures the implementation of a 30 or 60-minute nap improved cognitive function when in a partially sleep restricted state, compared to no nap.
An efficient controller design of a PV integrated single inductor multiple output DC–DC converter for dynamic voltage and low power applications

In this article, a Single Inductor Multiple Output (SIMO) DC–DC boost converter for driving independent three outputs of dynamic voltage and low power is proposed. Compared with the traditional SIMO DC–DC converter, the proposed work accomplishes (i) independent control of power at each output, (ii) small switch count, (iii) relatively better scalability with increasing output channel, (iv) fast response time, and (v) relatively better efficiency. The core aim of the current article is to implement an efficient controller design of the SIMO DC converter circuit operating in continuous conduction mode for dynamic voltage applications. The SIMO circuit comprises a photovoltaic (PV) array as a renewable energy harvesting source at the input. A hysteretic controller based on direct control with seamless transition control topology is implemented in this model for SIMO operation. This scheme is popular due to its less cost, simple, easy-to-use design architecture, and fast speed of close loop control. The configuration of the solar array is designed to deliver maximum power on the input of the SIMO DC–DC converter. For tracking the maximum power point, incremental conductance with integral control configuration is applied on the PV array with fast speed and efficiency. The MATLAB/Simulink environment is utilized for model configuration. The simulation results show that the proposed SIMO configuration with the PV array provided 100.5 W and 21.7 W for 1000 W/m2 and 250 W/m2, respectively.
Emapalumab for the treatment of refractory cytokine release syndrome in pediatric patients

Matthew R. Schuelke, Hamid Bassiri, Edward M. Behrens, Scott Canna, Colleen Croy, Amanda DiNofia, Kandace Gollomp, Stephan Grupp, Michele Lambert, Arathi Lambrix, Shannon L. Maude, Regina Myers, Haley Newman, Whitney Petrosa, Alix Seif, Kathleen E. Sullivan, David T. Teachey, and Caroline Diorio Pediatrics Residency Program, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA; and Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Pharmacy, Division of Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, Immune Dysregulation Program, and Division of Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
Manipulating the Destiny of Wild Populations Using CRISPR.

Genetic biocontrol aims to suppress or modify populations of species to protect public health, agriculture, and biodiversity. Advancements in genome engineering technologies have fueled a surge in research in this field, with one gene editing technology, CRISPR, leading the charge. This review focuses on the current state of CRISPR technologies for genetic biocontrol of pests and highlights the progress and ongoing challenges of using these approaches. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Genetics, Volume 57 is November 2023. Please see http://www.annualreviews. org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
PENGARUH PEMBATASAN RANSUM DAN IMPLIKASINYATERHADAP PERFORMA PUYUH PETELURPADA FASE PRODUKSI PERTAMA[The Effect of Restricted Feeding and Its Implication on the Performance ofCoturnix-coturnix japonica at the First Production Phase]

ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian untuk mempelajari pengaruh pembatasan pemberian ransum terhadap performa puyuh petelur (Coturnix-coturnix japonica) pada fase produksi pertama. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah rancangan acak lengkap. Materi penelitian yang digunakan adalah 150 ekor puyuh petelur berumur 5 - 6 minggu (produksi 5 %), yang dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok perlakuan secara random dan 6 ulangan. Ransum yang dipakai mengandung 2900 kkal/kg energi metabolis dan 20 % protein kasar. Metode pemberian ransum yang digunakan adalah ransum dengan konsumsi ad libitum ( R1); 95 % ad libitum (R2) ; 90% ad libitum (R3); 85% ad libitum (R4); 80 % ad libitum (R5) selama 24 minggu masa produksi. Peubah performa yang diamati adalah produksi telur, konversi ransum, berat telur, dan income over feed cost. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : pemberian ransum sampai dengan 90% ad libitum tidak mengubah performa, sedangkan pemberian ransum lebih rendah dari 90% ad libitum menyebabkan menurunnya performa. Dilihat dari segi income over feed cost, pemberian ransum 90% ad libitum yang paling menguntungkan. Kata kunci : pembatasan pakan, produksi telur, puyuh ABSTRACT The objective of this experiment was to study the effect of restricted feeding on the performance of Coturnix-coturnix japonica (layer type) at the first egg production phase. One hundred and fifty of Coturnix-coturnix japonica, 5 - 6 weeks of age with the initial production of 5 %, and were evaluated in the study. A completely randomized design with 5 treatments with 6 replications were used to arrange the treatments. The diet contained 2900 kcal/kg of metabolizable energy and 20% of crude protein. The treatments of restricted feeding were ad libitum consumption ( R1); 95% ad libitum (R2); 90% ad libitum (R3); 85% ad libitum (R4); 80% ad libitum (R5). Birds were fed throughout 24 weeks of the production period. Each group of treatment was observed on egg production, feed conversion, egg weight, and income over feed cost. The results showed that the restricted feeding up to 90 % ad libitum did not affect the performance, but below 90% ad libitum of the restricted feeding decreased the productivity performance of birds. The highest income over feed cost was achieved by the restricted feeding of 90 % ad libitum. Keywords : restricted feeding, production, Coturnix-coturnix japonica
Sperm length evolution in relation to body mass is shaped by multiple trade-offs in tetrapods

Sperm size is highly variable across species and is influenced by various factors including fertilization mode, female reproductive traits and sperm competition. Despite considerable efforts, many questions about sperm size variation remain open. Variation in body size may affect sperm size evolution through its influence on these factors, but the extent to which sperm size variation is linked to body mass remains elusive. In this study, we use the general theory of Pareto Optimality to investigate the relationship between sperm size and body mass across tetrapods. We find that tetrapods fall within a triangular-shaped Pareto front in the trait space of body mass and sperm length suggesting that the evolution of sperm size in relation to body size is shaped by trade-offs. We then explore the three main factors predicted to influence sperm size evolution, namely sperm competition, clutch size and genome size. Our results demonstrate that body mass optimally shapes sperm size evolution in tetrapods mainly through its association with sperm competition and clutch size. Finally, we show that the triangular-shaped Pareto front is maintained when tested separately within mammals, birds, endothermic species and internal fertilizers, suggesting that similar evolutionary trade-offs characterize the evolution of sperm size in relation to body size within taxonomic/phylogenetic and functional subgroups of tetrapods. This study provides insights into the evolutionary mechanisms driving interspecific sperm size variation and highlights the importance of considering multiple trade-offs in optimizing reproductive traits.
Sound-mediated nucleation and growth of amyloid fibrils

Mechanical energy, specifically in the form of ultrasound, can induce pressure variations and temperature fluctuations when applied to an aqueous media. These conditions can both positively and negatively affect protein complexes, influencing their stability, folding patterns, and self-assembling behavior. Regarding understanding the effects of ultrasound on the self-assembly of amyloidogenic proteins, our knowledge remains quite limited. In our recent work, we established the boundary conditions under which sound energy can either cause damage or induce only negligible changes in the structure of protein species. In the present study, we demonstrate that when the delivered ultrasonic energy is sufficiently low, it can induce refolding of specific motifs in protein monomers, as it has been revealed by MD, which is sufficient for primary nucleation, characterized by adopting a hydrogen-bonded β-sheet-rich structure. These structural changes are initiated by pressure perturbations and are accelerated by a temperature factor. Furthermore, the prolonged action of low-amplitude ultrasound enables the elongation of amyloid protein nanofibrils directly from monomeric lysozyme proteins, in a controlled manner, until they reach a critical length. Using solution X-ray scattering, we determined that nanofibrillar assemblies, formed under the influence of ultrasound energy and natively fibrillated lysozyme, share identical structural characteristics. Thus, these results contribute to our understanding of the effects of ultrasound on fibrillar protein self-assembly and lay the foundation for the potential exploitation of sound energy in a protein chemistry environment.
ORM-mediated regulation of sphingolipid biosynthesis is essential for nodule formation in Aeschynomene evenia

Legumes are able to establish symbiotic interactions with nitrogen-fixing rhizobia that are accomodated in root-derived organs, the nodules. Rhizobia recognition triggers a plant symbiotic signalling pathway activating two coordinated processes: infection and nodule organogenesis. How these are orchestrated in legumes species utilizing intercellular infection and lateral root-base nodulation remain elusive. Here, we show that Aeschynomene evenia OROSOMUCOID PROTEIN 1 (AeORM1), a key regulator of sphingolipid biosynthesis, is required for nodule formation in this legume species. Using A. evenia orm1 mutants, we demonstrate that alterations in AeORM1 function result in numerous early aborted nodules, exhibiting defense-like reactions, and shortened lateral roots. Consistantly, AeORM1 was expressed during lateral root initiation and elongation, including at lateral root bases where nodule primordia form in the presence of symbiotic bradyrhizobia. Sphingolipidomics revealed that mutations in AeORM1 leaded to sphingolipid overaccumulation in roots, in particular the very-long-chain-fatty-acid (VLCFA)-containing ceramids relative to the wild-type plants. Taken together, our findings reveal that AeORM1-regulated sphingolipid homeostasis is essential for rhizobial infection and nodule organogenesis, and indicate a shared requirement for nodule formation and lateral root development in A. evenia.
Synergistic action of actin binding proteins regulate actin network organization and cell shape

Animal cell shape is largely determined by the organization of the actin cytoskeleton. Spread shapes result from a balance between protrusive actin networks and contractile stress fibers, while rounded shapes are supported by a contractile actomyosin cortex. The assembly and regulation of distinct types of actin networks have been extensively studied, yet, what determines which networks dominate in a given cell remains unclear. In this Brief Report, we explore the molecular regulation of overall actin organization and resulting cell shape. We use our recently published comparison of the F-actin interactome in spread interphase and rounded mitotic cells to establish a list of candidate regulators of actin networks in spread cells. Utilizing micropatterning and automated image analysis we quantitatively analyze how these candidates affect actin organization. Out of our initial 16 candidates, we identify subsets of proteins promoting stress fibers or regulating their arrangement. Interestingly, no single regulator depletion caused significant cell shape change. However, perturbing two hits simultaneously, supervillin and myosin II, led to stress fiber disassembly and cell rounding. Overall, our systematic investigation shows that actin networks are robust to perturbations, and identifies regulatory modules controlling overall actin organization and resulting cell shape.
Overview of ClinAIS at IberLEF 2023: Automatic Identification of Sections in Clinical Documents in Spanish

: The ClinAIS shared task organized by IOMED and the HiTZ center aims to tackle the identification of seven section types within unstructured clinical records in the Spanish language. These records, known as Electronic Clinical Nar-ratives (ECNs), store crucial individual health information. However, their lack of standardized formats poses challenges in the development and evaluation of automated systems for clinical document analysis. Twenty-seven participants registered for the task, with five submitting results. This paper presents the outcomes and methodologies used in ClinAIS, contributing to the advancement of clinical text analysis and its application in improving healthcare decision-making and patient care.
Overview of PoliticES at IberLEF 2023: Political Ideology Detection in Spanish Texts

: This paper describes PoliticES 2023, a shared task organized within the workshop IberLEF 2023 in the framework of the 39th edition of the International Conference of the Spanish Society for Natural Language Processing. This second edition of the task shares the goal of the first edition of PoliticES, which is to extract political ideology and other psychographic and demographic characteristics of users in social networks. What is new this year is that the traits are extracted from text clusters of users who share the same traits
Expanding Bioactive Fragment Space with the Generated Database GDB-13s

Identifying innovative fragments for drug design can help medicinal chemistry address new targets and overcome the limitations of the classical molecular series. By deconstructing molecules into ring fragments (RFs, consisting of ring atoms plus ring-adjacent atoms) and acyclic fragments (AFs, consisting of only acyclic atoms), we find that public databases of molecules (i.e., ZINC and PubChem) and natural products (i.e., COCONUT) contain mostly RFs and AFs of up to 13 atoms. We also find that many RFs and AFs are enriched in bioactive vs inactive compounds from ChEMBL. We then analyze the generated database GDB-13s, which enumerates 99 million possible molecules of up to 13 atoms, for RFs and AFs resembling ChEMBL bioactive RFs and AFs. This analysis reveals a large number of novel RFs and AFs that are structurally simple, have favorable synthetic accessibility scores, and represent opportunities for synthetic chemistry to contribute to drug innovation in the context of fragment-based drug discovery.
Differences in δ13C and δ15N values for monarch butterflies raised on milkweeds from within and outside of crop fields: implications for inferences about natal origins

ABSTRACT Stable isotope (δ2H, δ13C) measurements of wing tissue have been used to determine the natal geographic origin of migrant monarch butterflies that overwinter in Mexico. This study examines the possibility of using δ13C and δ15N to identify the milkweed habitat used by monarchs in their natal region. Milkweeds were common in corn and soybean fields before herbicide use led to their extirpation around 2006, and the loss of those milkweeds has been proposed as a reason for the monarch population decline. If crop-field monarchs can be identified, then historical samples of monarchs could be examined to test that hypothesis. The δ15N and δ13C values of leaves from milkweeds growing in corn fields, soybean fields and non-agricultural habitats were examined as well as monarchs that were raised on those leaves. There were no δ15N values for leaves or monarchs that were distinctive for crop fields. Milkweeds in corn fields, and monarchs that were raised on those milkweeds, were found to have δ13C values distinctly lower than those of other habitats and unlike those of locations within the summer breeding range. Thus, it should be possible to identify monarchs that came from cornfields in samples of overwintering monarchs made before ca. 2006.
Universal preprocessing of single-cell genomics data

We describe a workflow for preprocessing a wide variety of single-cell genomics data types. The approach is based on parsing of machine-readable seqspec assay specifications to customize inputs for kb-python, which uses kallisto and bustools to catalog reads, error correct barcodes, and count reads. The universal preprocessing method is implemented in the Python package cellatlas that is available for download at: https://github.com/cellatlas/cellatlas/.
ProCoopa: um Protocolo Cooperativo para Redes de Sensores sem fio Aquáticas

O monitoramento de ambientes aquaticos ainda e uma tarefa dificil e dispendiosa. Neste artigo, apresentamos ProCoopa: um Protocolo Cooperativo para Redes de Sensores sem fio Aquaticas. O ProCoopa funciona de forma sincrona/assincrona sobre o metodo TDMA combinado com um esquema ARQ baseado em Selective Repeat. Ele usa os nos sensores ociosos como nos retransmissores, aumentando a diversidade do espaco de comunicacao. Nossas simulacoes mostram que, quando comparado a um protocolo nao cooperativo, o ProCoopa reduz a taxa de erro de pacotes em 28,32% e aumenta o goodput em 16,87% enquanto gasta menos de 1% a mais de energia.
Higher Order Singular Value Decomposition Filter for Contrast Echocardiography

Assessing the coronary circulation with contrast-enhanced echocardiography has high clinical relevance. However, it is not being routinely performed in clinical practice because the current clinical tools generally cannot provide adequate image quality. The contrast agent’s visibility in the myocardium is generally poor, impaired by motion and nonlinear propagation artifacts. The established multipulse contrast schemes (MPCSs) and the more experimental singular value decomposition (SVD) filter also fall short to solve these issues. Here, we propose a scheme to process amplitude modulation/amplitude-modulated pulse inversion (AM/AMPI) echoes with higher order SVD (HOSVD) instead of conventionally summing the complementary pulses. The echoes from the complementary pulses form a separate dimension in the HOSVD algorithm. Then, removing the ranks in that dimension with dominant coherent signals coming from tissue scattering would provide the contrast detection. We performed both in vitro and in vivo experiments to assess the performance of our proposed method in comparison with the current standard methods. A flow phantom study shows that HOSVD on AM pulsing exceeds the contrast-to-background ratio (CBR) of conventional AM and an SVD filter by 10 and 14 dB, respectively. In vivo porcine heart results also demonstrate that, compared to AM, HOSVD improves CBR in open-chest acquisition (up to 19 dB) and contrast ratio (CR) in closed-chest acquisition (3 dB).
Evaluation of close range photogrammetric support for Pavescan

Pavescan is a low cost mobile system for road modelling survey. Because of the absence of navigation sensors it has several practical drawbacks compared to most of the other mobile mapping systems, but those sensors are very expensive and do not fulfil most of the accuracy requirements. Pavescan will be more attractive if some of the practical drawbacks are reduced. Pavescan measures road profiles across the road by laser scanning at a series of positions. The separate scans are linked via control points, which have to be measured in an additional survey. The accuracy in height of the scans is most important (e.g. for volume calculations) and has to be in the range of millimetres. It is evaluated if integrating close range photogrammetry can achieve millimeter accuracy of the scan and reduce the number of control points. A test survey was conducted with a downward looking camera, which was mounted close to the scanner at a height of around 3.6 metres above the road's surface. The position and orientation of the camera at each exposure is retrieved by bundle adjustment. The accuracy of the bundle adjustment depended strongly on the configuration of the control points. Due to the narrow shape of a strip of images, this configuration will always be weak. For a sequence of 28 images ( 43 metres), around five control points are needed to achieve sub-centimetre accuracy of the object points. If more than 36 images or fewer than four control points were used, the bundle adjustment diverged (i.e. no solution could be obtained). A reduction of control points is therefore not possible. The practical feasibility for integrating close range photogrammetry into Pavescan is low, since too many control points are needed that should spatially be well distributed and measured with tachymetry (or with similar accuracy). Therefore it is not recommended to integrate photogrammetry in Pavescan.