Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Creeping Environmental Problems and Sustainable Development in the Aral Sea Basin: Frontmatter

Introduction Michael Glantz 1. Sustainable development and creeping environmental problems in the Aral Sea region Michael Glantz 2. Changes of landscape composition of the Aral Sea Basin in connection with ecological disaster Elisabeth A. Vostokova 3. Alteration of water level and salinity of the Aral Sea Vitalyi N. Bortnik 4. Desertification in the Aral Sea region Asomitdin A. Rafikov 5. Climate fluctuation and change in the Aral Sea Basin within the last 50 years Alexsander N. Zolotokrylin 6. Priaralye ecosystems and creeping environmental changes in the Aral Sea Nina M. Mozikova 7. Public health in the Aral Sea coastal region and the dynamics of changes in the ecological situation Leonid I. Elpiner 8. The impact of political ideology on creeping environmental changes in the Aral Sea Basin Igor S. Zonn 9. Change of the rivers' flow in the Aral Sea Basin (in connection with the problem of quantitative assessment and consideration of environmental after-effects) K. V. Tsytsenko and V. V. Sumarokova 10. Fish population as an ecosystem component and economic object in the Aral Sea Iliya Zholdasova 11. Creeping environmental changes in the Karakum Canal's zone of impact Nikolay S. Orlovsky 12. Environmental changes in the Uzbek part of the Aral Sea Basin Anatolyi Krutov 13. Creeping changes in biological communities in the Aral Sea N.V. Aladin Index.
Effect of Static Magnetic Fields on the Peripheral Blood Mononuclear‐like Cells

In this article the role of static magnetic fields (SMF) in the generation of Ca 2+ currents in peripheral blood mononuclearlike cells (PBMLC) is described. Using the sensitivity of Ca 2+ channels and pumps to membrane potential and ion concentration we propose a method which uses the conductivity as a dynamical coefficient in the Onsager's reciprocity relations, and the dynamics of the calcium ions described by the electrodiffusion equation deduced by Pelce. The enhanced influx of calcium ion in PBMLC was studied parameterizing the static magnetic fields effects on the conductivity by the coefficients γ, ρ and κ. The parameterization was made according to the symmetry properties of Onsager's reciprocity relations using the most simple expressions. As an example we used available experimental data over chromaffin cell and employing physical considerations concerning to PBMLC, an order of magnitude for the value of ρ ≈ O(-10 -5 mol/(V m 2 s), κ = 0, γ ≈ O(-10 -3 mol/(V T 2 m 2 s))was obtained. The γ parameter was found graphically. With this parameterization, the time to induce calcium current in the cell was always less than the situation without
Computational analysis of target genes in monkeypox virus infection and potential therapeutic precursors

ABSTRACT Background Monkeypox is an orthopoxvirus that is responsible for zoonotic infections in humans. The virus has recently spread rapidly and the WHO has listed it as an international public health emergency of concern. Research design and methods Here, we used network analysis and gene enrichment protocols and analyzed datasets of MPXV infection that induced host cell gene expression list and subsequently mapped them against two herbal target gene lists which highlighted considerable coherence in pharmacological attributes with COVID-19. Molecular docking and simulation were performed for the screened compounds. Results Our results identified β-carotene and kaempferol possessing tremendous ability against the MPXV PLD protein. Both compounds were subjected to each of 100 ns molecular dynamics simulation and were found native to the PLD pocket. MM-PB (GB) SA analyses indicated −25.4, −40.1 kcal/mol and −17.2, −26.4kcal/mol of ΔGbind to the active pocket of PLD. Our data suggest the adaptive nature of the MPXV PLD active pocket toward hydrophobic inhibitors. Conclusion These results will be of high importance for the viral researchers to be tested in wet lab settings in designing potential inhibitors.
The econometric analysis of voluntary environmental regulations and total factor productivity in agribusiness under digitization

Under the new development pattern, both "digital" and "low-carbon" development have entered the fast track, and digital transformation has become an important path to promote green development and enhance total factor productivity in agriculture. Based on the data of agricultural companies, this paper empirically verifies the impact of voluntary environmental regulations on total factor productivity. The empirical results show that voluntary environmental regulation has a significant positive impact on total factor productivity of agribusiness. In the mechanistic analysis, it is found that voluntary environmental regulations accelerate the digital transformation process of firms, which in turn increases their total factor productivity. In addition, the level of government environmental concern contributes to the increase of voluntary environmental regulations on firms’ total factor productivity. The findings have practical implications for the sustainable development of agribusiness, providing empirical evidence for policy formulation and adjustment, and helping the agricultural economy to achieve high-quality development.
Associations Between Patient-Reported Experiences with Opioid Use Disorder Treatment and Unmet Treatment Needs and Discontinuation Among Virginia Medicaid Members

Background: Many payers, including Medicaid, the largest payer of opioid use disorder (OUD) treatment, are pursuing treatment-related quality improvement initiatives. Yet, how patient-reported experiences with OUD treatment relate to patient-centered outcomes remains poorly understood. Aim: To examine associations between Medicaid members’ OUD treatment experiences, outpatient treatment settings, demographic and social factors, and members’ self-report of unmet needs during treatment and treatment discontinuation. Methods: A sample of Virginia Medicaid members aged 21 years or older with OUD diagnoses who received outpatient OUD treatment completed a mail survey between January 2020 and August 2021 (n = 1042, weighted n = 9244). A treatment experience index was constructed from responses to four items from the Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS) relating to feelings of involvement, safety, and respect and having treatment explained in an understandable way; two additional CAHPS items: “given options for treatment” and “able to refuse treatment” were also assessed. Weighted imputed logistic regressions tested adjusted associations between members’ treatment experiences, demographic and social factors, and two outcomes capturing unmet needs during treatment and treatment discontinuation. Results: More positive scores on the treatment experiences index were associated with lower adjusted odds of reporting unmet needs during treatment (aOR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.41-0.66) and discontinuation (aOR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.47-0.79). Respondents with serious psychological distress had higher odds of reporting unmet needs during treatment (aOR: 1.69 95% CI: 1.14-2.51) and discontinuation (aOR: 1.84, 95% CI: 1.21-2.82), as did individuals with housing insecurity (unmet needs: (aOR: 1.65, 95% CI: 1.11-2.44); treatment discontinuation: (aOR: 1.56, 95% CI: 1.04-2.36)). Conclusion: Using a first-of-its-kind survey of Medicaid members with OUD, we found that members who had more positive treatment experiences were less likely to report unmet treatment needs and discontinue treatment. Care approaches focused on improving patient experience are critical to delivering effective, high-quality OUD treatment.
Cereals and pulses: nutraceutical properties and health benefits.

Traditionally, whole grains were consumed but most current foods are derived from refined fractions of cereal and pulse crops. Consumption of processed or refined products may reduce the health benefits of food. In wheat-based processed foods, for example, the removed 40% of the grain (mainly the bran and the germ of the wheat grain) contains the majority of the health beneficial components. These components, particularly non-essential phytochemicals such as carotenoids, polyphenols, phytosterols/ stanols, and dietary fibers, have been shown to reduce the risk of major chronic diseases of humans, such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and Parkinson’s disease.
A safety mechanism enables tissue-specific resistance to protein aggregation during aging in C. elegans

During aging, proteostasis capacity declines and distinct proteins become unstable and can accumulate as protein aggregates inside and outside of cells. Both in disease and during aging, proteins selectively aggregate in certain tissues and not others. Yet, tissue-specific regulation of cytoplasmic protein aggregation remains poorly understood. Surprisingly, we found that the inhibition of 3 core protein quality control systems, namely chaperones, the proteasome, and macroautophagy, leads to lower levels of age-dependent protein aggregation in Caenorhabditis elegans pharyngeal muscles, but higher levels in body-wall muscles. We describe a novel safety mechanism that selectively targets newly synthesized proteins to suppress their aggregation and associated proteotoxicity. The safety mechanism relies on macroautophagy-independent lysosomal degradation and involves several previously uncharacterized components of the intracellular pathogen response (IPR). We propose that this protective mechanism engages an anti-aggregation machinery targeting aggregating proteins for lysosomal degradation.
Clinical, epidemiological, and genomic characteristics of a seasonal influenza A virus outbreak in Beijing: A descriptive study

China experienced a severe influenza season that began at the end of February 2023. The aim of this post hoc analysis was to investigate the clinical, epidemiological, and genomic features of this outbreak in Beijing. The number of cases increased rapidly from the end of February and reached its peak in March, with 7262 confirmed cases included in this study. The median age was 33 years, and 50.3% of them were male. The average daily positive rate reached 69% during the peak period. The instantaneous reproduction number (Rt) showed a median of 2.1, exceeded 2.5 initially, and remaining above 1 for the following month. The most common symptoms were fever (75.0%), cough (51.0%), and expectoration (42.9%), with a median body temperature of 38.5°C (interquartile range 38–39). Eight clinical symptoms were more likely to be observed in cases with fever, with odds ratio greater than 1. Viral shedding time ranged from 3 to 25 days, with median of 7.5 days. The circulating viruses in Beijing mainly included H1N1pdm09 (clades 5a.2a and 5a.2a.1), following with H3N2 (clade 2a.2a.3a.1). The descriptive study suggests that influenza viruses in this influenza season had a higher transmissibility and longer shedding duration, with fever being the most common symptom.
Dry coastal ecosystems : general aspects

This work, published in three parts, comprises numerous regional descriptions of important coastal dunes occurring virtually all over the world. It includes current developments, which contribute to the general understanding of dry coastal ecosystems, and aims to encourage intensified efforts to increase man's knowledge of this subject. The first volume covers the Polar Regions and Europe and the second deals with Africa, America, Asia and Oceana. This final volume covers the general aspects of dry coastal ecosystems.
A Culturally Adapted Diet and Physical Activity Text Message Intervention to Prevent Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus for Women of Pakistani Origin Living in Scotland: Formative Study

Background Individuals of South Asian origin are at an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) compared with other ethnic minority groups. Therefore, there is a need to develop interventions to address, and reduce, this heightened risk. Objective We undertook formative work to develop a culturally adapted diet and physical activity text message intervention to prevent T2DM for women of Pakistani origin living in Scotland. Methods We used a stepwise approach that was informed by the Six Steps in Quality Intervention Development framework, which consisted of gathering evidence through literature review and focus groups (step 1), developing a program theory for the intervention (step 2), and finally developing the content of the text messages and an accompanying delivery plan (step 3). Results In step 1, we reviewed 12 articles and identified 3 key themes describing factors impacting on diet and physical activity in the context of T2DM prevention: knowledge on ways to prevent T2DM through diet and physical activity; cultural, social, and gender norms; and perceived level of control and sense of inevitability over developing T2DM. The key themes that emerged from the 3 focus groups with a total of 25 women were the need for interventions to provide “friendly encouragement,” “companionship,” and a “focus on the individual” and also for the text messages to “set achievable goals” and include “information on cooking healthy meals. ” We combined the findings of the focus groups and literature review to create 13 guiding principles for culturally adapting the text messages. In step 2, we developed a program theory, which specified the main determinants of change that our text messages should aim to enhance: knowledge and skills, sense of control, goal setting and planning behavior, peer support, and norms and beliefs guiding behavior. In step 3, we used both the intervention program theory and guiding principles to develop a set of 73 text messages aimed at supporting a healthy diet and 65 text messages supporting increasing physical activity. Conclusions We present a theory-based approach to develop a culturally adapted diet and physical activity text message intervention to prevent T2DM for women of Pakistani origin living in Scotland. This study outlines an approach that may also be applicable to the development of interventions for other ethnic minority populations in diverse settings. There is now a need to build on this formative work and undertake a feasibility trial of a text message–based diet and physical activity intervention to prevent T2DM for women of Pakistani origin living in Scotland.
Effect of Transforaminal Epidural Corticosteroid Injections in Acute Sciatica

Objective: Transforaminal epidural steroid injections (TESIs) are widely administered for sciatica. The aim of this trial was to evaluate the effectiveness of TESIs in patients with acute sciatica (<8 wk). Methods: This study was conducted in 2 Dutch hospitals. Participants (n=141) were randomly assigned to (1) usual care and TESI of 1 ml of 40 mg/ml Methylprednisolone plus 1 ml of 0.5% Levobupivacaine (intervention 1); (2) usual care and transforaminal epidural injection with 1 ml of 0.5% Levobupivacaine and 1 ml NaCl 0.9% (intervention 2); (3) usual care consisting of oral pain medication with or without physiotherapy (control). Co-primary outcomes were back pain and leg pain intensity, physical functioning, and recovery measured during 6-month follow-up. Results: There were no statistically significant mean differences in co-primary outcomes between groups during follow-up, except for leg pain when comparing intervention group 1 with control (−0.96 95%CI:−1.83 to −0.09). For secondary outcomes, some statistical significant between-group differences were found for treatment satisfaction and surgery, but only when comparing intervention group 2 to control. Post hoc analyses showed a statistically significant difference in response [50% improvement of leg pain (yes/no)] between intervention 1 and the control group at 3 months and that both intervention groups used less opioids. Discussion: Except for a statistically significant effect of TESI on leg pain for patients with acute sciatica compared with usual care, there were no differences in co-primary outcomes. Nonetheless, transforaminal epidural injections seem to be associated with less opioid use, which warrants further exploration.
Nectar compounds impact bacterial and fungal growth and shift community dynamics in a nectar analog

Abstract Floral nectar is frequently colonised by microbes. However, nectar microbial communities are typically species‐poor and dominated by few cosmopolitan genera. One hypothesis is that nectar constituents may act as environmental filters. We tested how five non‐sugar nectar compounds as well as elevated sugar impacted the growth of 12 fungal and bacterial species isolated from nectar, pollinators, and the environment. We hypothesised that nectar isolated microbes would have the least growth suppression. Additionally, to test if nectar compounds could affect the outcome of competition between microbes, we grew a subset of microbes in co‐culture across a subset of treatments. We found that some compounds such as H2O2 suppressed microbial growth across many but not all microbes tested. Other compounds were more specialised in the microbes they impacted. As hypothesised, the nectar specialist yeast Metschnikowia reukaufii was unaffected by most nectar compounds assayed. However, many non‐nectar specialist microbes remained unaffected by nectar compounds thought to reduce microbial growth. Our results show that nectar chemistry can influence microbial communities but that microbe‐specific responses to nectar compounds are common. Nectar chemistry also affected the outcome of species interactions among microbial taxa, suggesting that non‐sugar compounds can affect microbial community assembly in flowers.
Human Papillomavirus Detectability and Cervical Cancer Prognosis

This systematic review and meta-analysis indicates that testing positive for HPV is associated with better cervical cancer disease-free, cancer-specific, and overall survival. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether testing positive for human papillomavirus (HPV) before treatment is associated with cervical cancer recurrence and disease-free, cancer-specific, and overall survival and to report the relationship of HPV to cervical cancer histology, stage, grade, tumor size, lymph node involvement, and treatment response. DATA SOURCES: EMBASE and MEDLINE were searched from inception to January 27, 2022, with the use of MeSH terms and keywords relating to cervical cancer, HPV, and prognosis. ClinicalTrials.gov was not searched because of the nature of our review question. METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION: Studies must have assessed HPV DNA or RNA in cervical pretreatment biopsies or cells from 20 or more patients with invasive cervical cancer followed up for any length of time and reported the effect of testing positive or negative for HPV on cervical cancer recurrence, disease-free survival, cancer-specific survival, or overall survival. We extracted data on HPV-detection methods, patient and tumor characteristics, and clinical outcomes. TABULATION, INTEGRATION, AND RESULTS: Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs were pooled with a random-effects model. Meta-regression was performed to explore heterogeneity. Of 11,179 titles or abstracts and 474 full-text articles reviewed, 77 studies were included in the systematic review. Among these 77 studies, 30 reported on the relationship of HPV status to histology, 39 to cancer stage, 13 to tumor grade, 17 to tumor size, 23 to lymph node involvement, and four to treatment response. Testing positive for HPV was associated with better disease-free survival (HR 0.38, 95% CI 0.25–0.57; 15 studies with 2,564 cases), cancer-specific survival (HR 0.56, 95% CI 0.44–0.71; nine studies with 1,398 cases), and overall survival (HR 0.59, 95% CI 0.47–0.74; 36 studies with 9,169 cases), but not recurrence (HR 0.59, 95% CI 0.33–1.07; eight studies with 1,313 cases). Meta-regression revealed that the number of cases, tumor grade, specimen type, gene target, and HPV prevalence together explained 73.8% of the between-study heterogeneity. CONCLUSION: This review indicates that HPV detectability in cervical cancer is associated with a better clinical prognosis. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: https://osf.io/dtyeb.
Tumeurs stromales gastro-intestinales: une étude rétrospective

Introduction bien que rares, les tumeurs stromales gastro-intestinales (GIST) constituent les tumeurs mésenchymateuses les plus fréquentes du tube digestif. Le but de ce travail est d´étudier les aspects cliniques, paracliniques, thérapeutiques et évolutifs des GIST. Méthodes étude rétrospective descriptive, monocentrique (avril 2017-avril 2021) colligeant tous les patients ayant un GIST traités au niveau du service d´oncologie médicale du CHU de Mostaganem. Résultats notre étude a colligé sur une période de 4 ans, 23 patients, avec un âge médian de 54,4 ans, sex ratio de 1,8. La douleur abdominale était le symptôme le plus fréquent (78,3%, n=18), la tumeur se localisait dans 47,8% des cas (n=11) au niveau de l’intestin grêle. Le diagnostic a été fait à un stade précoce dans 69,6 % des cas (n=16). Le traitement chirurgical a été fait chez 20 patients sur les 23 dont 18 avec R0. Des 15 patients opérés ayant un stade localisé; 13 ont reçu un traitement médical en adjuvant (Imatinib). L´évolution sous imatinib a été marquée par 3 progressions où on est passé vers une 2e ligne (Sunitinib). Durant la période de l´étude tous les patients sont vivants sauf deux qui sont décédés après progression de la maladie. Conclusion le diagnostic des GIST repose principalement sur l'histologie et l'immunohistochimie qui est souvent non faite par nos pathologistes. La biologie moléculaire permet de prédire le pronostic et en conséquence adapter les thérapeutiques. L´évolution des GIST est souvent favorable mais marquée par les récidives malgré un traitement supposé curatif imposant une surveillance prolongée.
STRESS ANALYSIS COMPARING EFFECT OF TWO DIFFERENT CAD-CAM IMPLANT SUPERSTRUCTURE MATERIALS (IN-VITRO STUDY)

Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate the micro-strain around dental implant using two different CAD/CAM crown fabricated materials through strain gauge analysis. Materials and Methods: Five dental implants were fixed in a 5 previously drilled solid rigid polyurethane test blocks in the edentulous area with neighboring abutments mesial and distal printed out using special 3D Dental printer, Cyanoacrylate adhesive was then used to fix the printed-out part on to the polyurethane test blocks, creating the bounded saddle replicas. Ten CAD/CAM screw retained crowns were fabricated; five Enamic crowns from vita enamic blocks, and five zirconia crowns from presintered katana zirconium blocks. Each crown was cemented to abutment and screwed over the implant fixture. Two strain gauges were installed on their corresponding prepared sites to measure the micro-strains in the medium surrounding the implant. For each tested implant, loads were applied by a universal testing machine, micro-strains were recorded with the strain gauges and stress distribution around the implant was statistically evaluated. Results: Microstrain recording revealed a statistically significant difference in mean micro-strain recording applied in central fossa between Zirconia and Enamic, for both the buccal and lingual measurements, Enamic was significantly lower than Zirconia. Conclusion: The modulus of elasticity of restorative materials has a meaningful effect on forces applied to dental implant and transmitted to the supporting bone.