Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anti-in ammatory activity of non-selective PDE inhibitor aminophylline on the lung tissue and respiratory parameters in animal model of ARDS

Petra Kosutova (  petra.kosutova@uniba.sk ) Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia Pavol Mikolka Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia Daniela Mokra Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia Andrea Calkovska Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
Impact of KIF4A on Cancer Stem Cells and EMT in Lung Cancer and Glioma

Simple Summary Kinesin family member 4A (KIF4A) is associated with poor prognosis in lung cancer and glioma. Our research found that KIF4A affects cancer stem cells (CSCs) and promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process linked to cancer’s aggressiveness and spread. We also identified its influence on the secretion of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), a key factor in cancer malignancy. KIF4A appears to sustain malignancy through an autocrine loop with PAI-1. These findings suggest that KIF4A has the potential to serve as a novel therapeutic target and prognostic marker in lung cancer and glioma, shedding light on mechanisms involved in cancer recurrence and metastasis. Abstract Kinesin family member 4A (KIF4A) belongs to the kinesin 4 subfamily of kinesin-related proteins and is involved in the regulation of chromosome condensation and segregation during mitotic cell division. The expression of KIF4A in various types of cancer, including lung, breast, and colon cancer, has been found to be associated with poor prognosis in cancer patients. However, the exact mechanism by which it promotes tumorigenesis is not yet understood. In osteosarcoma, the expression of KIF4A has been shown to be associated with cancer stem cells (CSCs), whereas in breast cancer, it is not associated with the maintenance of CSCs but regulates the migratory ability of cells. In this light, we identified phenotypic phenomena affecting the malignancy of cancer in lung cancer and glioma, and investigated the mechanisms promoting tumorigenesis. As a result, we demonstrated that KIF4A affected lung cancer stem cells (LCSCs) and glioma stem cells (GSCs) and regulated CSC signaling mechanisms. In addition, the migratory ability of cells was regulated by KIF4A, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) marker proteins were controlled. KIF4A regulated the expression of the secretory factor plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), demonstrating that it sustains cancer malignancy through an autocrine loop. Taken together, these findings suggest that KIF4A regulates CSCs and EMT, which are involved in cancer recurrence and metastasis, indicating its potential value as a novel therapeutic target and prognostic marker in lung cancer and glioma.
A laboratory study of wave crest statistics and the role of directional spreading

This paper concerns the crest height statistics arising in sea states that are broad banded in both frequency and direction. A new set of laboratory observations are presented and the results compared with the commonly applied statistical distributions. Taken as a whole, the data confirm that the crest-height distributions are critically dependent upon the directionality of the sea state. Although nonlinear effects arising at third order and above are most pronounced in uni-directional seas, the present data show that they are also important in directionally spread seas, provided the seas are sufficiently steep and not too short crested. The data also highlight the limiting effects of wave breaking. With individual breaking events dependent upon the local wave steepness, the directionality of the sea state again plays a significant role. Indeed, the present observations confirm that the two competing processes of nonlinear amplification and wave breaking can have a profound influence on the crest-height distributions leading to significant departures from established theory. In such cases, the key parameters are the sea state steepness and directional spread; the latter acting to counter the former in terms of nonlinear changes in the crest-height distributions.
Çok Yıllık Sıcaklık Verilerinin Zamansal Dağılımının Modellenmesi ve Geleceğe Yönelik Sıcaklık Olasılıklarının Belirlenmesi

In this study, it is aimed to devise a model that analyses the temporal trend of long-term temperature data and allows the estimation of temperature for the future for a definite area. For this purpose, Markov Model principles were used and process was completed into six main level in devising and running the model. Then, the model was run for the years 2002, 2003, 2004 and 2005. The results from the model solution for the year 2002 were compared with the data observed in the same year. It is determined that all the results from the model solution were suitable with the data observed for the same year.
Exploring nomophobia among university students: Identifying risk factors, correlates, and predictive insights through machine learning

Nomophobia is a term describing a growing fear in today’s world, the fear of being without a mobile device or beyond mobile phone contact. It is the biggest non-drug addiction of the 21st century and is mainly affected by teen-aged students. Those experiencing nomophobia may feel a sense of panic, anxiety, or distress when they are separated from their mobile phones. This work uses different statistical tools to identify the risk factor of nomophobia and machine learning techniques to propose a fresh way to measure and understand nomophobia. To create a predictive model for nomophobia, we gathered information from a broad sample (n = 357) of smartphone users and used a variety of machine learning methods. Using a questionnaire on 17 different factors and performing a statistically significant test (p<0.05) and ordinal logistic regression analysis on respondents age, level of education, CGPA, self-evaluation, per-day mobile phone usage, and use of media, we can recognize the most important features causative of nomophobia. The context of maximum phone usage is an important feature that highly affects nomophobia. About 201 respondents are at a moderate level. To develop a predictive model, decision tree (DT), random forest (RF), Gaussian Naïve Bayes (NB), and support vector machine (SVM) are utilized in this study for recognition of nomophobia addiction. Proposing an ensemble method to refine the predictive performance. From the analysis, we have found that the SVM feature selector with ensemble algorithm has classified the extent of smartphone addiction with a 57% accuracy rate. Our findings show that nomophobia tendencies can be accurately captured and predicted by machine learning approaches. The model distinguished between students who had symptoms of nomophobia and those who did not with remarkable accuracy. This study of machine learning-based methods presents a viable tool for diagnosing and treating nomophobia in students, eventually assisting in the creation of focused interventions and preventive measures.
DETERMINAN KEJADIAN DIARE PADA BALITA SEBUAH LITERATUR REVIEW

Diarrhea is one of the health problems of children in the world. One of the efforts to reduce the incidence of diarrhea in children is to identify and analyze the factors that cause diarrhea so as to minimize the incidence and mortality due to diarrhea. The purpose of this study was to analyze the risk factors for diarrhea in children. The design of this research is a literature review. The results of the analysis show that the factors that influence the incidence of diarrhea in children are vitamin A intake, exclusive breastfeeding, nutritional status, environment and immunization status.
An evaluation method with convolutional white-box models for image attribution explainers

Research in the explanation of models has developed rapidly in recent years. However, research in the evaluation of explainers is still limited, with most evaluation strategies centered around perturbation. This approach may produce incorrect evaluations when the relationship between features gets complicated. In this research, we present a ground-truth-based evaluation method for feature attribution explainers on image tasks. We design three perspectives to evaluate. The input perspective evaluates whether the explainers accurately represent the inputs that the model detects. The feature perspective evaluates whether the explainers capture the features important in decisions. The user perspective evaluates the reliability that the user derives from the data. Then, using the traditional white-box model, we extract the ground truth corresponding to the three perspectives and provide an example to demonstrate the procedure. To acquire the results of the image attribution explainer, we also reconstruct the traditional white-box model into the convolutional network white-box model. Our method provides an a priori benchmark that is not affected by the explainer. The experiments show that we may use the evaluation method for different tasks and extend it to natural datasets, which offers a flexible and low-cost evaluation strategy.
Performance evaluation of KPCA pre-imaging methods for speech signal denoising

Kernel principal component analysis (KPCA) has gained wider interest amongst the researchers in nonlinear dimensionality reduction, data compression, feature extraction, and denoising applications. In KPCA, data from low dimensional input space implicitly mapped to higher dimensional feature space where linear PCA is enforced. However, for denoising application data need to invert back to input space, which is impossible and known as pre-imaging problems. Over recent years, several pre-imaging methods have proposed each with its benefits and disadvantages. In this paper, we evaluated the performance for selected pre-imaging methods for denoising speech signal, whose intelligibility and quality degraded by background noises. Further, we extend our work by comparing the performance of these pre-imaging methods by objective evaluation of denoised speech signal on generated toy examples and NOIZUES database.
Diferensiasi Karsinoma Kolorektal di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah (RSUD) Ciawi, Kabupaten Bogor Periode 2021 - 2023

Colorectal carcinoma, a malignant neoplasm originating from the epithelial cells of the large intestine or rectum, poses a significant health problem worldwide. The estimated global incidence of colorectal cancer was 2.17 million cases in 2019. Meanwhile, in Indonesia, colorectal cancer ranks fifth among the most common cancer cases with a mortality rate of 9.5%. Demographic characteristics, including age, gender, ethnicity, and geographic location, have been extensively studied in relation to colorectal carcinoma. Understanding the patterns of differentiation and demographic characteristics associated with this disease is crucial for the diagnosis, treatment, and overall prognosis of patients. This study is a descriptive observational study that examines the demographic characteristics and differentiation of colorectal carcinoma patients. The study sample consists of a subset of the research population at Ciawi Regional General Hospital who underwent surgery from June 2021 to May 2023. A total of 21 respondents met the inclusion criteria, with a mean age of 54 years, and were predominantly female (57.1%). The results of this study indicate that poorly differentiated colorectal carcinoma generally occurs at a younger age compared to well and moderately differentiated cases. In terms of gender, females are more likely to experience colorectal carcinoma compared to males. Further research is needed to uncover the interactions between tumor biology, demographics, and clinical outcomes, with the ultimate goal of improving the prognosis and survival rates for individuals with colorectal carcinoma.
Carbon and nitrogen dynamics and greenhouse gases emissions in constructed wetlands: a review

gen, rather than carbon (and therefore the title might benefit from a slight change? ). Such a review would be very welcome and the manuscript could fill a clear gap in the literature. The manuscript is well-structured, detailed and in general a suitable style. There are however substantial corrections and amendments required (as I will detailed below) before it is publishable. So I suggest (and strongly encourage) major revisions and resubmit.
AN ANALYSIS OF INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE IN EFL TEXTBOOK OF GRADE TWELFTH OF HIGHSCHOOL

The aims of this research were to discover how the communicative competence is represented and to examine how intercultural communicative competence is promoted in EFL textbook “Bahasa Inggris” for Twelfth Grade. Dealing with textbook analysis, this research applied content analysis with a qualitative approach. The data were analyzed based on five steps; observation, marking checklist, classifying, coding, and interpretation. The finding of research revealed that the learning task in the textbook represented four component of communicative competence and predominated by Linguistic. Moreover, the four elements of Intercultural Competence were well covered but less then the other competence, with the dominance of knowledge aspects. Thus, based on this finding, hopefully the textbook will be developed more to assist students in building their Intercultural Communicative Competence.
The role of continental lithosphere metasomes in the production of HIMU-like magmatism on the northeast African and Arabian plates

Intraplate alkaline lavas typically exhibit isotopic characteristics that require a source with long-term isolation from the convecting asthenosphere, such as in the sub-continental lithosphere mantle or a mantle boundary layer. Melting of metasomatically enriched domains, or metasomes, within the lithospheric mantle provides a viable mechanism for generating the geochemical characteristics of intraplate alkaline basalts. The origins and distribution of these metasomes have been attributed to recent enrichment of the lithosphere by a mantle plume or ancient events that occurred during the early evolution of the sub-continental lithosphere mantle. Here, we present a geochemical study of Ethiopian Miocene intraplate alkaline lavas: melts of a lithospheric mantle that was enriched metasomatically during lithospheric stabilization and by recent plume-lithosphere interaction. We find that these lavas have geochemical characteristics consistent with melting of an amphibole-bearing lithospheric-mantle metasome. New Pb and Hf isotope data for these lavas require a HIMU-like source component, similar to other alkaline lavas erupted through the Horn of Africa, Sudan, and Egypt, and adjacent Arabian plate lithospheres. The isotopic characteristics of this component are distinct from the Afar plume mantle source and instead are consistent with the long-term evolution of a lithospheric metasome created during a Neoproterozoic subduction event associated with the Pan-African orogeny. The widespread distribution of easily fusible lithospheric metasomes within the continental lithosphere mantle may facilitate magma generation without the need for substantial lithospheric thinning or elevated mantle potential temperatures. Mantle heterogeneity of this nature has implications for the source origin of HIMU magmas associated with continental lithosphere.
The influence of contact with humans on physiological and behavioural responses in commercial broiler chickens and red jungle fowl when reared separately or intermingled

This study investigated the effects of regular physical and visual contacts with human beings on bird-to-bird pecking behaviour, tonic immobility (TI) duration, corticosterone, heterophil to lymphocyte ratio (HLR) and growth in commercial broilers (CB) and jungle fowl (JF) raised from hatching as separate and intermingled flocks. On day 0, chicks were randomly assigned to 27 floor pens: nine with CB (20 birds / pen), nine with JF (20 birds / pen) and nine where chicks from the two genotypes were intermingled (10 CB and 10 JF / pen). The following treatments were applied (three pens per treatment) daily from day 1 to 21 to both CB and JF: (1) non-handled controls received no physical or visual contact with humans other than the routine husbandry (control), (2) each chick in the physical contact group were picked up individually, and stroked gently for 30 s once daily (PC), (3) a chick in the visual contact group was randomly caught, picked up and stroked gently for 10 min twice daily (VC). Both PC and VC treatments were done in the chicks’ home pens to allow other birds in the flock to view the procedure. On day 42, CB that were raised as separate flocks had significantly greater body weights than those of intermingled flocks, similarly to CB subjected to PC in comparison with controls and VC. However, the body weights of JF were not affected by flock type or human contact. Intermingling increased bird-to-bird pecking activity in JF, and retarded body weight, elevated plasma levels of corticosterone and HLR in CB. Both PC and VC significantly reduced the incidence of harmful pecking and attenuated HLR and TI reactions in CB. Irrespective of flock type, JF, as measured by TI duration, were significantly more fearful than their CB counterparts. Regular physical contact was more effective than visual contact in ameliorating the TI reaction in JF. Regular human contact may attenuate the expression of bird-to-bird pecking and its harmful consequences.
Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy: A Review of Recent Advances in Parallelisation and Depth Discrimination Techniques

Diffuse correlation spectroscopy is a non-invasive optical modality used to measure cerebral blood flow in real time, and it has important potential applications in clinical monitoring and neuroscience. As such, many research groups have recently been investigating methods to improve the signal-to-noise ratio, imaging depth, and spatial resolution of diffuse correlation spectroscopy. Such methods have included multispeckle, long wavelength, interferometric, depth discrimination, time-of-flight resolution, and acousto-optic detection strategies. In this review, we exhaustively appraise this plethora of recent advances, which can be used to assess limitations and guide innovation for future implementations of diffuse correlation spectroscopy that will harness technological improvements in the years to come.
Joint Jam Perception and Adaptive Waveform Optimization for Anti-Interrupted Sampling Repeater Jamming

Recently, interrupted sampling repeater jamming (ISRJ) based on digital radio frequency memory (DRFM), which could easily form high-power false targets, has severely impacted radar detection capabilities. Conventional anti-ISRJ techniques ignore the operating characteristics of the jammer. Once the anti-ISRJ algorithm and the features of the jammer are mismatched, undesirable jamming residues or signal loss appear. In order to avoid these unwanted performance losses, an algorithm jointing the jam perception and the adaptive waveform is developed in this article. First, a bidirectional constant false alarm rate detector is introduced to locate and estimate the jamming component in radar echo. An ISRJ feature vector is then built to reconstruct and cancel jamming components for accurate detection under ISRJ. Second, an adaptive anti-ISRJ waveform is developed based on the vector, leading the DRFM to retransmit signals orthogonal to the real detection signal. Besides, the particle swarm optimization algorithm efficiently works out the optimal waveform parameters to improve the suppression performance. As radar switches to the adaptive anti-ISRJ waveform, long-term suppression of ISRJ is achieved without locating, estimating, and suppressing the ISRJ components in each echo. Simulated experiments demonstrate that the suggested algorithm can accurately detect radar targets under ISRJ.
Study of Pattern of Injuries in Fatal Cases of Fall from Height

Objectives: To study the various pattern of injuries from fall from height. Background: Deaths due to fall from height, form an important area of study due to diversity of the injuries sustained, complexity of the patterns involved and various phenomenon's associated there with. The medico-legal autopsy aims at deciding whether the death was attribute purely to the height. It also helps in ruling out the various contributing factors like drugs, alcohol and co-existing natural disease. Methods: The present study has been carried out in department of forensic medicine, M.S. Ramaiah medical college and hospital, Bangalore during the period October 2005 to May 2007, of all the cases of fall from height subjected for medico legal autopsy. Results: Fissure fracture of the skull and fracture of cervical spine was noticed when the fall occurred on to concrete from minimum height of 3 feet and on to hard soil from the height of 10 feet. Multiple rib fractures, fracture of clavicle and laceration of liver was noticed when the fall height was 7 feet on to concrete. Spleen and kidneys were damaged when height of fall was more than 20 feet on to hard surface. Fracture of upper limbs were seen in falls occurred on to concrete from height of 6 feet where as the fracture of lower limb was found when the fall height was more than 15 feet on to hard surface. Conclusion: The study of pattern of external and internal injury may together indicate the primary site of impact and height from which the fall has occurred. The determination of actual or probable anatomical site of primary impact may be useful in reconstruction of the events, which led to fatal falls. Presence of multiple blunt force injuries makes it hard to differentiate between falls induced injuries and those that have inflicted before the fall and often disagreement predominates regarding the height at which death results. Thus a careful study of total injury pattern is of vital importance in every case . In the difficult scenario of assessing the manner of death, meticulous autopsy in combination with visit to the scene of occurrence that includes observation of Ground nature and presence of any intervening object is of extreme help.
A study of the long‐term variability of thunderstorm days in southeast Brazil

In this report thunderstorm day monthly records obtained in three cities of southeast Brazil (São Paulo, Campinas, and Rio de Janeiro) since the 19th century are analyzed. The analysis is complemented by the spatial distribution of lightning in the last decade. For São Paulo and Campinas, data indicate a significant increase in thunderstorm activity during the period from the end of the 19th century to the present, simultaneously to an increase in the surface temperature well correlated to the population growth of the cities. This result did not match anything expected from natural climate cycles and gives strong observational evidence for the anthropogenic influence on the thunderstorm activity. For Rio de Janeiro, data did not show a significant positive trend from the middle of the 19th century to the present in spite of the increase in the surface temperature, suggesting that variations are most probably a result of a complex combination of local and large‐scale features. In addition, a statistical analysis of the data after 1951 shows that a significant increase (by a factor of 3.7) in the thunderstorm activity in Rio de Janeiro occurs for the simultaneous occurrence of a positive anomaly of the South Atlantic sea surface temperature and La Niña, compared to the simultaneous occurrence of a negative anomaly and El Niño, even though no significant variation was found when each large‐scale phenomena occurs isolated. The same occurs for São Paulo and Campinas, although with a lower amplitude.