Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On Routing Two-Point Nets Across a Three-Dimensional Channel

Routing techniques for plain ’flat’ microchips have been developed extensively and will soon reach its limitations. One natural step would be to develop chips which are manufactured in a more cubic type of volume, as oppose to the classical flat design. This thesis proposes a method for routing two-point nets across a three- dimensional channel. The height required by this algorithm is of the order O(n (3/2)), where n is the number of terminals on a square top-layer with the side 2 (n(1/2)). The algorithm proposed here is based on"On Routing Two-Point Nets Across a Channel", by Ron Y. Pinter [9], and the concepts from this paper are explainedin this thesis to familiarise the reader these. It is also shown that the proposed algorithm is more effective in its volume than the two-dimensional counterpart. The algorithm here is of the order O(n(3/2)) with the two-dimensional algorithm of the order O(n2).
CMOS RF Modeling, Characterization and Applications

RF MOS measurements, F. Sischka and T. Gneiting MOSFET modelling and parameter extraction for RF IC's, M. Je et al MOSFET modelling for RF IC design, Y. Cheng RF CMOS noise characterization and modelling, C. -H. Chen and M.J. Deen SOI CMOS transistors for RF and microwave applications, D. Flandre et al RF CMOS reliability, S. Naseh and M.J. Deen.
ACCIDENT CHARACTERISTICS BEFORE, DURING, AND AFTER SAFETY UPGRADING PROJECTS ON OHIO'S RURAL INTERSTATE SYSTEM

In 1973, minor safety upgrading projects were conducted at 21 locations on the rural Interstate system of Ohio, involving 618 km (384 miles) of freeways. In 1972, the accident rate per million vehicle kilometers (MVKM) on these 618 km was 112.9 accidents/161 MVKM (112.9/100 million vehicle miles). In 1974, the accident rate dropped to 77.9 accidents/161 MVKM. To account for the possible effect of the introduction of the reduced speed limit in 1974, accident rates were also compared on 246 km (153 miles) of the rural Interstate system not subjected to safety improvement. The difference inproportional reduction in accident rates is statistically significant and favors the 21 study sites. The accident rates increased to 120.8 accidents/161 MVKM during the 1973 safety upgrading construction program. However, only 151 accidents were positively identified from traffic crash reports and construction diaries as construction related. These 151 accidents were studied in detail. Observed patterns included: (a) rear-end (61) and single vehicle, fixed-object (56) accidents were the most frequent; (b) 34 accidents occurred in the relatively short taper area; (c) the proportion of the lane taper accidents at night and at dawn or dusk was high; (d) the proportion of construction object accidents at night was high; (e) the proportion of tractor-trailer and bus accidents at night was high; (f) excess speed was listed in 88 cases as a contributing factor, while road defects or construction or traffic control were listed only in 15 cases. Some suggestions are being made regarding traffic control at work zones. /Author/
Structural Analysis of Node Cut-Outs in a Semi-Submersible Offshore Platform

The connection between column and deck-box on a semi-submersible platform is often subjected to high stress concentrations that can be governing for the structural strength. One common design used to withstand the high stresses is a cast integral in high tensile material, which is both heavy and expensive to manufacture, which is why an alternative cut-out design is investigated. This study presents an analysis of a node connection with regard to yield stresses, buckling, fatigue damage, weight and cost in order to propose an alternative cut-out design using the same criteria. The cast integral, which is analysed as a reference case and used for comparison of designs, is of a typical design used today. A parametric study shows that the use of a cut-out design may be advantageous in the centre bulkhead connection between the column and the deck-box. The adjacent geometry is of simple character and the cut-out does not affect the overall structural design. The cut-out is found to be a feasible alternative to the cast integral, with yield stresses and fatigue damage in the same range. Further refinements of the cut-out design could, however, decrease both yield stresses and fatigue damage. A suggested cut-out solution leads to a decrease of 4.5% in weight for a reference structure. For the same reference structure the production cost is estimated to decrease by 9%, hence, the cut-out design is recommended for the centre bulkhead connection.
SCENARIOS PRODUCED BY PROCEDURAL METHODS FOR DRIVING RESEARCH, ASSESSMENT AND TRAINING APPLICATIONS

This paper discusses a procedural approach for designing and implementing driving scenarios that include controlled hazard situations. Given a capable driving simulator, the development of appropriate driving scenarios is critical to applications in research, assessment and training. The scenario definition language (SDL) for implementing this procedural approach has been defined elsewhere. This paper describes examples of scenario elements, and overall integrated scenarios that have been prepared for specific applications involving research, assessment and training objectives. The SDL procedures can be subdivided into elements for control of roadway geometry, positioning of roadside elements, atmospheric conditions, as well as placement and control of traffic control devices, interactive traffic and pedestrians. SDL procedures are also used to select, control and position performance measurement opportunities and to control external hardware equipment. The visual elements controlled by the SDL can be used to set up a range of assessment and training options. Using the curvature and side slopes of roadway geometry combined with visibility conditions, limited site distance situations can be created to obscured traffic and pedestrians or upcoming intersections and traffic control devices. The placement and timing of signals and associated traffic and pedestrians can present situation awareness problems, which require detection, risk assessment and decision making on the part of the driver. More complex situations involving merging or speed variations of adjacent traffic also present situation awareness problems to the driver.
Model Integration and Control Interaction Analysis of AC/VSC HVDC System

The development of voltage source converter (VSC) based high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission has progressed rapidly worldwide over the past few years. The UK transmission system is going through a radical change in the energy landscape which requires a number of VSC HVDC installations to connect large Round 3 windfarms and for interconnections to other countries. For bulk power long distance transmission, VSC HVDC technology offers flexibility and controllability in power flow, which can benefit and strengthen the conventional AC system. However, the associated uncertainties and potential problems need to be identified and addressed. To carry out this research, integrated mathematical dynamic AC/DC system models are developed in this thesis for small disturbance stability analysis. The fidelity of this research is further increased by developing a dynamic equivalent representative Great Britain (GB) like system, which is presented as a step-by-step procedure with the intention of providing a road map for turning a steady-state load flow model into a dynamic equivalent.This thesis aims at filling some of the gaps in research regarding the integration of VSC HVDC technology into conventional AC systems. The main outcome of this research is a systematic assessment of the effects of VSC controls on the stability of the connected AC system. The analysis is carried out for a number of aspects which mainly orbit around AC/DC system stability issues, as well as the control interactions between VSC HVDC and AC system components. The identified problems and interactions can mainly be summarized into three areas: (1) the effect of VSC HVDC controls on the AC system electromechanical oscillations, (2) the potential control interactions between VSC HVDC and flexible alternating current transmission systems (FACTS) and (3) the active power support capability of VSC HVDC for improving AC system stability.The effect of VSC controls on the AC system dynamics is assessed with a parametric sensitivity analysis to highlight the trade-offs between candidate VSC HVDC outer control schemes. A combination of analysis techniques including relative gain array (RGA) and modal analysis, is then applied to give an assessment of the interactions ? within the plant model and the outer controllers ? between a static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) and a VSC HVDC link operating in the same AC system. Finally, a specific case study is used to analyse the capability of VSC HVDC for providing active power support to the connected AC system through a proposed frequency droop active power control strategy.
Got Game: How the Gamer Generation Is Reshaping Business Forever

"Got Game" shows how growing up immersed in video games has profoundly shaped the attitudes and abilities of this new generation. Though little-noticed, these ninety million rising professionals, through sheer numbers, will inevitably dominate business - and are already changing the rules. While many of these changes are positive - such as more open communication and creative problem-solving - they have caused a generation gap that frustrates gamers and the boomers who manage them. "Got Game" identifies the distinct values and traits that define the gamer generation - from an increased appetite for risk to unexpected leadership skills - and reveals management techniques today's leaders can use to bridge the generation gap and unleash gamers' hidden potential.
Cultura organizacional bajo el enfoque socioformativo: Proyección de Instituciones de Educación Superior en México/ Organizational culture under the socioformative approach: Projection of Higher Education Institutions in Mexico

Public Higher Education Institutions in Mexico by nature are financed by the government, enjoying autonomy to designate their authorities and issue rules and regulations within the provisions of the respective Organic Law. From there, the objective of this article is to evaluate its organizational culture under the socioformation approach, which allows responding to the need to identify variables that need to be strengthened to obtain better management results. This instrumental type study is developed based on: Construction of an instrument through the structure of a rubric; review and improvement of the same by 2 experts; application of this to a pilot group composed of 8 people; content validation by 2 expert judges in the area; and determination of the validity and reliability of the rubric. As results, inconsistencies were found in some dimensions of the instrument that must be addressed to achieve an optimal level of validation. It is concluded that the diagnosis of the organizational culture will allow the Autonomous University of Tamaulipas to identify the individual achievement of its human capital through the five levels of performance offered by socioformation.
Development of a wind tunnel force balance and related practical exercise manual

A two-component force balance has been constructed and installed in the Charles Darwin University (CDU) wind tunnel to increase the capability of experimental investigation into fluid flow around submerged bodies. The balance consists of a series of struts that transfer forces to two load cells orientated perpendicularly in order to separately measure horizontal (drag) and vertical (lift) forces. Various attachments have been manufactured for various model types. The mechanism has been tested over a range of air velocities from 0-40m/s with the various attachments and suitable models. Comparison of the experimental results with the results of theoretical modelling using a CFD software package revealed an excellent agreement between theoretical and experimental interpretation of fluid forces. A detailed practical exercise manual was developed to assist future students and researchers in conducting experiments involving investigation of fluid flow over submerged bodies. One of the major practical benefits resulted from this project is that the created setup allows for the direct measurement of fluid forces which was not available previously.
The independent effects of nausea and vomiting and social support on health-related quality of life during early pregnancy: A longitudinal study

Background: Previous studies that have examined the impact of nausea and vomiting (NV) on health-related quality of life (HR-QOL) among early pregnant women have collected data at a single time point, with the timing varying among studies, and even, in one study, among subjects. No previous study has examined the independent association NV and social support have with HR-QOL. We conducted a longitudinal study from August 2018 to February 2019 to investigate the independent association NV and social support have with HR-QOL among early pregnant women using repeated-measurement data. Subjects were 153 pregnant women who were 20 years of age or older and at less than 20 weeks of gestation at their first prenatal visit. They were recruited from a perinatal outpatient unit of a general hospital. Methods: Along with providing sociodemographic data, subjects were asked to complete three self-administered questionnaires: the Index of Nausea, Vomiting, and Retching (INVR); the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS); and the 12-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12). Further, at every subsequent visit up to 20 weeks of gestation, they were asked to complete both the SF-12 and the INVR (giving a maximum of three survey completions). Results: After controlling for internal correlations and confounding factors using a mixed model for longitudinal data, the INVR score was found to be significantly negatively associated with the physical component summary scale score of the SF-12; however, the MSPSS score showed no association with the physical component summary scale score. On the other hand, both the INVR score and the MSPSS score were negatively and positively, respectively, significantly associated with the mental component summary scale score of the SF-12, independently of each other. Conclusions: The severity of NV significantly impacts physical quality of life during early pregnancy, but social support has no such impact. However, NV and social support independently and significantly affect mental quality of life, independently of each other. Health professionals should recognize the significant impact of NV on HR-QOL. Additionally, they should be aware that social support contributes to the improvement of mental quality of life, regardless of the degree of NV.
Conflict Management and Job Satisfaction in Indonesia’s Public Organization

This research aims to determine which styles are applied to manage and handle conflict and whether conflict management has an effect on job satisfaction and in public sector. The research was conducted in December 2017 in the government public sector of Indonesia. The data in this research was collected by using questionnaire. The questionnaire used ROCI-II (integrating, avoiding, obliging, dominating, compromising style) instruments for conflict management and JSS Paul Spector on job satisfaction. The results of this study showed that government public sector workers used collaborative conflict management style (integrating style) in conflict management and handling. Conflict management has 5 conflict management styles, from the 5 factors, only 2 factors are formed, namely factor 1 and 2. Factor 1 includes the style of collaboration (integrating style), accommodation (obliging style), and compromise (compromising style). Factor 2 includes dominating style and avoidance (avoiding style). Keywords: Conflict management, Conflict management style, Job Satisfaction.
Advanced material characterisation of Australian mixes for pavement design

In 2011 AAPA initiated the Asphalt Pavement Solutions for Life (APS-fL) project. This project was initiated to address the concern of industry that current pavement design procedures where producing overly conservative asphalt thicknesses. One of the two of the primary issues identified by industry was the limited data on material characteristics of typical Australian production mixes. Because of this limited dataset it was believed the values being adopted for the purpose of pavement design were overly conservative. To obtain actual information and fill this gap, the APS-fL project set out to characterise typical Australian production mixes using the dynamic modulus test. The dynamic modulus test was selected; to be consistent with the direction being taken internationally, to enable the development of master-curves, and to enable linking of Australian mix characterisation with overseas research. The results of the material characterisation of 28 Australian mixes has been used to develop dynamic modulus master-curves, which will enable, for the first time, the calculation of modulus of Australian production mixes at any load frequency and temperature applicable to Australian field conditions. This paper will present the reasons for the adoption of dynamic modulus test, the process for development of master-curves, the results of characterisation of Australian production mixes, the recommendation of use of Australian dynamic modulus results for initial pavement design development and the validation of Australian measured data with that of testing at overseas research sites, such as NCAT.
ESTIMACIÓN DE LOS PARÁMETROS DEL MODELO NO LINEAL DE PROMEDIOS MÓVILES USANDO LA METAHEURISTICA DE-PSO

La extension teorica de los modelos lineales de promedios moviles al caso no lineal es directa y sencilla. Sin embargo, el uso practico de los modelos no lineales de promedios moviles es limitado debido a la complejidad del espacio de parametros y la imposibilidad de las establecer derivadas analiticas de la funcion de estimacion. En este articulo, se evalua el uso del algoritmo hibrido Evolucion Diferencial-Optimizacion del Enjambre de Particulas para calcular los parametros optimos del modelo no lineal de promedios moviles. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que la tecnica meta-heuristica utilizada es capaz de calcular con mayor precision los valores de los parametros del modelo en comparacion con los algoritmos tradicionales. Este hallazgo nos alienta a explorar el uso de las meta-heuristicas en la estimacion de los parametros de otros modelos no lineales de promedios moviles.
Rationale and design of a cross-sectional study to investigate and describe the chronotype of patients with type 2 diabetes and the effect on glycaemic control: the CODEC study

Introduction A person’s chronotype is their entrained preference for sleep time within the 24 hours clock. It is described by the well-known concept of the ‘lark’ (early riser) and ‘owl’ (late sleeper). Evidence suggests that the ‘owl’ is metabolically disadvantaged due to the standard organisation of our society which favours the ‘lark’ and places physiological stresses on this chronotype. The aim of this study is to explore cardiometabolic health between the lark and owl in a population with an established metabolic condition - type 2 diabetes. Methods This cross-sectional, multisite study aims to recruit 2247 participants from both secondary and primary care settings. The primary objective is to compare glycaemic control between late and early chronotypes. Secondary objectives include determining if late-chronotype is associated with poorer cardiometabolic health and other lifestyle factors, including well-being, compared with early-chronotype; describing the prevalence of the five different chronotypes in this cohort and examining the trends in glycaemic control, cardiometabolic health, well-being and lifestyle factors across chronotype. Analysis The primary outcome (glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c)), linear regression analysis will compare HbA1c between early and late chronotypes, with and without adjustment for confounding variables. Chronotype will be modelled as a categorical variable with all five levels (from extreme-morning to extreme-late type), and as a continuous variable to calculate p for trend across the five categories. A number of models will be created; unadjusted through to adjusted with age, sex, ethnicity, body mass index, duration of diabetes, family history of diabetes, current medication and dietary habits. All secondary outcomes will be analysed using the same method. Ethics Ethical approval from the West Midlands - Black Country Research Ethics Committee (16/WM/0457). Dissemination The results will be disseminated through publication in peer-reviewed medical journal, relevant medical/health conferences and a summary report sent to patients. Trial registration number NCT02973412 (Pre-Results).
600 V trench IGBT in comparison with planar IGBT-an evaluation of the limit of IGBT performance

We have developed a large area trench MOS process and experimentally manufactured a 600 V, 50 A class trench IGBT. By narrowing the trench pitch, the devices achieved a superior ON state voltage(V/sub CE/(sat)=1.4 V, t/sub f/=230 ns @ 200 A/cm/sup 2/) and much better endurance property (dI/sub c//dt/spl ap/2500 A/(s/spl middot/cm/sup 2/)) for latch-up than planar IGBTs. Trench IGBTs also showed a higher breakdown voltage(BV/sub CES/) than planar IGBTs. We have confirmed that the trench IGBT realizes the ideal structure, "PIN diode+MOS gate", which was proposed at the start of the IGBT development. The trench IGBT would be expected to be a superior high voltage device, especially due to its endurance property for latch-up operation.
Some Features of Flow and Particle Transport in Porous Structures

There has been a growing interest in the study of porous and complex flow structures due to its impact in technology. This concerns not only environmental but also diagnostic and therapeutic exposure in medical research. Physics of flow within porous structures is especially important to model transport and deposition of viruses, pollutants and drugs deep in these structures. In this work we analyze numerically low and medium Reynolds number flows in axisymmetric cylindrical duct surrounded by a torus. We also consider three different particle sizes (0.02, 0.1 and 20Pm) for possible physiological and environmental applications.
Introduction to mobile communications : technology, services, markets

THE MOBILE TELECOMMUNICATIONS MARKET An Introduction to Telecommunications The Mobile Market Current Mobile Technologies and Markets Standards and Regulations TECHNOLOGY PRINCIPLES The Basics of Telecommunications Information Transfer Radio and Cellular Systems MOBILE NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE & SUPPORTING SYSTEMS Mobile Network Mobile Network Procedures Supporting Systems HANDSET, SERVICES, MEDIA AND CONTENT DISTRIBUTION An Introduction to Handset Technologies Handset Components and Architecture Mobile Operating Systems Services and Security APPENDICES