Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A new feature selection from lidar data and digital aerial images acquired for an urban/c environment using an ANFIS-based classification and a fuzzy rough set method

In this article, a new fuzzy rough set (FRS) method was proposed for extracting rules from an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS)-based classification procedure in order to select the optimum features. The proposed methodology was used to classify lidar data and digital aerial images acquired for an urban environment to detect four classes, including trees, buildings, roads, and natural grounds. In this regard, 16 potentially primary features were produced for classification using the lidar data and the digital aerial images. The training and checking inputs of the proposed ANFIS were collected from the generated features for further training and evaluation processes. Also, the fuzzy c-mean clustering algorithm was used to initialize the fuzzy inference system of the proposed ANFIS-based classification method. By considering all states of fuzzy rules for each training input, the fuzzy rule with the maximum firing value was selected. Accordingly, these fuzzy rules were used as the inputs of the Rough Set Theory. Accordingly, the optimum features were acquired by the basic minimal covering algorithm as the rule induction method. To validate our proposed methodology, the procedure of classification was repeated by the achieved optimum features. The results showed that the classification using the optimum features has reached better overall accuracy than those achieved by using the 16 potentially primary features. Also, comparing the results of our proposed methodology with the other well-known genetic-algorithm-based feature selection methods indicated the significance of the proposed FRS method to select optimum features with high accuracy in a short running time.
Submarine and Autonomous Vessel Proliferation; Implications for Future Strategic Stability at Sea

Abstract : Conventional wisdom from the late Cold War onward suggests that the U.S. submarine force is virtually invulnerable to attack, particularly since the demise of the Soviet Union. U.S. nuclear force planning and a range of other Navy long-range procurement plans assume the safety of future SSBN and SSN operations and the relative absence of threats. This scoping study tests and challenges these assumptions by examining international trends in the proliferation of submarines and autonomous vessel technology. It begins by observing that undersea strategic stability during the Cold War relied on specific factors that may not be present in the future. The study then surveys the range of new countries and capabilities emerging in the 21st century undersea environment. It concludes by suggesting that undersea warfare is going to pose serious new challenges to the U.S. Navy, possibly putting its sea-based leg of the triad at risk as the number of operational boats declines, while also observing that overseas SSN operations will be complicated by changing conditions and ASW developments. Finally, Moltz offers several possible remedies: 1) revision of currently laissez-faire U.S. policies in the area of submarine export controls; 2) revised procurement and basing policies in regard to U.S. SSBNs to reduce emerging vulnerabilities; and 3) reconsideration of diesel/AIP boats as a supplement to U.S. SSN forces for enhanced ASW and for conducting certain domestic and overseas missions better suited to smaller, less costly, less vulnerable, and more nimble vessels.
Simulation-based Traffic Signal Optimization to Minimize Fuel Consumption and Emission: A Lagrangian Relaxation Approach

More and more cities are considering fuel consumption and vehicular emission reduction as a major objective of traffic signal optimization. Traditionally, optimal signal timings based on delay and stops do not necessarily generate the minimum fuel consumption. To address this issue, this paper presents a new approach to minimize the vehicles’ fuel consumptions on arterials by optimizing traffic signal timings. First, MOVESLite, an open-source microscopic emission model, is coupled with VISSIM to estimate the fuel consumptions for different signal timings. Then the generated total fuel consumption in VISSIM is used as the objective function for optimizing signal timings, utilizing the Lagrangian Relaxation framework. The signal timings are implemented with the software-in-the-loop signal emulator (ASC/3) in VISSIM and adjusted through the National Transportation Communications for Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) Protocol (NTCIP). A case study shows that fine-tuning signal timing for the emission reduction can further reduce the fuel consumption by 2% compared to delay-based optimal signal timing. The contributions of this paper include: (1) A new signal timing optimization approach that utilizes the Lagrangian Relaxation, instead of common search heuristics, that also provides upper and lower bounds to better understand how close to optimality the solution is; and (2) a “field-ready” system that uses a full-scale signal emulator and a real standard communication protocol for data collection and signal setting.
Spiral Bevel Pinion Crack Detection in a Helicopter Gearbox

Abstract : The vibration resulting from a cracked spiral bevel pinion was recorded and analyzed using existing Health and Usage Monitoring System (HUMS) techniques. A tooth on the input pinion to a Bell OH-58 main rotor gearbox was notched and run for an extended period at severe over-torque condition to facilitate a tooth fracture. Thirteen vibration-based diagnostic metrics were calculated throughout the run. After 101.41 hours of run time, some of the metrics indicated damage. At that point a visual inspection did not reveal any damage. The pinion was then run for another 12 minutes until a proximity probe indicated that a tooth had fractured. This paper discusses the damage detection effectiveness of the different metrics and a comparison of effects of the different accelerometer locations.
I have never seen a sound

R. Murray Schafer, Indian River, Ontario, Canada shares his views about some significant aspects of sound. He informs that sounds are verbs as compared sights, which are nouns and can be seen. Sounding can be active and generative in nature and it is incomparable similar to other creations. Visual metaphors and scaling systems have been developed to measure and analyze sounds. These techniques and systems are unable to weigh a whisper, count the voices in a choir, or measure a child's laughter. Sound is able to reach and travel to places where sight is unable to reach, as it reaches under the surface and other things. R. Murray Schafer states that sounds can be found in all places and objects, including silent objects and the environment. Sounds have played a key role in the creation of music and are associated with different natural phenomenon.
Cyberspace and Women: A Research

With the fast-growing reach of the internet, speedy spread of mobile information and the escalated use of social media, our lives being inextricably mixed with online media has purported the emergence of crimes committed in cyberspace. This advent of technology has led to the emergence of cyber violence against females of all age groups which is posing a problem at the global level as it causes danger to the security, dignity and privacy of a human being as a whole. The cyber space has a virtual reality in which the criminals commit crimes by faking their identities and then hide in the same space provided by the internet. The legal structure of India is not yet well-equipped to deal with cybercrimes and also the lack of awareness leads to the unstoppable commission of these offences. The paper discusses the major reasons for the growth of cyber violence against women in the arena of cyber socialisation. This paper also recognizes the common types of cybercrimes against women, which are namely cyber stalking, cyber pornography, circulating images or video recordings of females becoming involved in intimate acts, morphing, sending obscene or defamatory messages or e-mails, blackmailing or threatening, trolling or bullying and impersonation. The paper discusses the substances of every type of offence, analyse the relevant laws and highlight the cases and their judgements on this matter.This paper seeks to introspect the gaps between cybercrimes against women and the laws made to protect them. This paper will also recommend the steps that are required to be taken up in order to mark cyber crimes against women and girls in a holistic and efficient way
Ten Steps to Negotiating High‐Stakes Water Conflicts

Negotiations over water rights are often difficult and contentious. In an effort to shed some light on what could make them easier and more productive, two workshops were convened with negotiators, stakeholders, mediators, and attorneys seasoned in the dynamics of water negotiations. The catalyst for these workshops was the effort to resolve water conflicts in Oregon's Klamath Basin by mediated negotiations. The Natural Resources Law Center of the University of Colorado Law School organized the workshops with the goals of understanding why water conflicts are so difficult to resolve by negotiation and developing some practical guidelines for how to organize and conduct a difficult water negotiation. The results of this effort, which are presented in this article as 10 guidelines, represent a set of ideas, suggestions, and warnings from experienced negotiators to those who are about to foray into the challenging world of water negotiations.
The Hungarian Quarterly Projection Model (NEM)

This document gives a detailed account of the current version of the Hungarian Quarterly Projection Model (NEM). It describes the main building blocks, presents the forecast performance of the model and, finally, it illustrates the responses to the most important shocks the Hungarian economy may face. This version of the model is used to produce the Bank’s quarterly projections, as well as to perform simulations and scenario analyses.
Comprehensive Analysis of Potential Genes in Brain Metastasis of Breast Cancer

Background Patients with brain metastasis of breast cancer have low quality of life, are prone to bad emotions such as anxiety and depression, and have poor prognosis. It is particularly important to find therapeutic targets for this type of patients. Methods The differential genes between breast cancer patients with brain metastasis and simple breast cancer were screened by GSE125989 of GEO database, and the hub gene affecting the prognosis of breast cancer patients were identified by bc-GenExMiner database, and then the hub gene were analyzed comprehensively by STRING database and DAVIA database.Results We found that OPA1 is a potential indicator for predicting the prognosis of Asian patients with breast cancer with brain metastasis.OPA1 is involved in affecting the composition and function of mitochondria, affecting energy supply, and is also related to the FOXO signal pathway. Conclusions The effect of OPA1 on mitochondrial energy supply and its participation in FOXO signaling pathway may lead to brain metastasis of cancer. OPA1 is a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of brain metastasis of breast cancer, and further research is needed.
Perspectives on Theater Air Campaign Planning

Abstract : This document reports on independent, exploratory research on air campaign planning and execution. Its purpose is threefold: (1) to provide observations on the current processes and capabilities for planning and executing air operations in theater conflicts; (2) to identify key issues associated with those processes; and (3) to recommend analytic concentrations for future research. Our primary focus is at the broadest level of campaign planning and execution- activities flowing from the definition of campaign and operational objectives down to the allocation, apportionment, and tasking of forces. Our work involved interviews with a variety of USAF organizations. We did not explicitly interview personnel in other service or joint organizations; hence, we are plainly offering a USAF perspective on campaign planning. However, most of the USAF entities we talked with are intimately involved in joint and combined operations and planning, and Air Force doctrine and perceptions will likely play an important role in shaping future air campaigns. Therefore, we believe that this report has relevance beyond the confines of the USAF planning community. (KAR) P. 9
Free-jet acoustic investigation of high-radius-ratio coannular plug nozzles

The experimental and analytical results of a scale model simulated flight acoustic exploratory investigation of high radius ratio coannular plug nozzles with inverted velocity and temperature profiles are summarized. Six coannular plug nozzle configurations and a baseline convergent conical nozzle were tested for simulated flight acoustic evaluation. The nozzles were tested over a range of test conditions that are typical of a Variable Cycle Engine for application to advanced high speed aircraft. It was found that in simulate flight, the high radius ratio coannular plug nozzles maintain their jet noise and shock noise reduction features previously observed in static testing. The presence of nozzle bypass struts will not significantly affect the acousticn noise reduction features of a General Electric type nozzle design. A unique coannular plug nozzle flight acoustic spectral prediction method was identified and found to predict the measured results quite well. Special laser velocimeter and acoustic measurements were performed which have given new insights into the jet and shock noise reduction mechanisms of coannular plug nozzles with regard to identifying further benificial research efforts.
Numerical Analysis of Wave Field in OWC Chamber Using VOF Model

Recently Oscillating Water Column (OWC) plants have been widely employed in wave energy conversion applications. It is necessary to investigate the chamber and optimize its shape parameters for maximizing air flow and energy conversion due to wave conditions. A 2D numerical wave tank based on a Fluent and VOF model is developed to generate the incident waves and is validated by theoretical solutions. The oscillating water column motion in the chamber predicted by the numerical method is compared with the available experimental data. Several geometric scales of the chamber are calculated to investigate the effect of the shape parameters on the oscillating water column motion and wave energy conversion.
Information system effectiveness in project management : A study of project monitoring system II at the Ministry of Agriculture and Agro-based Industry

In the context of public sector project management and monitoring in Malaysia, Project Monitoring System II (PMS II) is the primary Project Management Information System (PMIS) which is currently being used by all the ministries, departments and government agencies. Previous studies have suggested that the use of PMIS was considered to be advantageous towards successful project execution. Using the antecedents of system success as proposed by DeLone and McLean in the Updated Information System Success Model (ISSM), i.e. system quality, information quality and service quality, this study attempts to provide insight into the impacts of PMS II towards successful execution of public projects and ascertain the determinants that influence the system's effectiveness. The findings from this study showed that users at the ministry of Agriculture and Agro-Based Industry generally agreed that PMS II is an effective system to support project management and monitoring activities. The factors of system quality, information quality and service quality were found to have a significant relationship with the effectiveness of the system. Among these three factors, information quality was found to have the greatest effect of any variation in the effectiveness of PMS II.
The Impact of Short Term Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution on Cognitive Performance and Human Capital Formation

Cognitive performance is critical to productivity in many occupations and potentially linked to pollution exposure. We evaluate this potentially important relationship by estimating the effect of pollution exposure on standardized test scores among Israeli high school high-stakes tests (2000-2002). Since students take multiple exams on multiple days in the same location after each grade, we can adopt a fixed effects strategy estimating models with city, school, and student fixed effects. We focus on fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and carbon monoxide (CO), which are considered to be two of the most dangerous forms of air pollution. We find that while PM2.5 and CO levels are only weakly correlated with each other, both exhibit a robust negative relationship with test scores. We also find that PM2.5, which is thought to be particularly damaging for asthmatics, has a larger negative impact on groups with higher rates of asthma. For CO, which affects neurological functioning, the effect is more homogenous across demographic groups. Furthermore, we find that exposure to either pollutant is associated with a significant decline in the probability of not receiving a Bagrut certificate, which is required for college entrance in Israel. The results suggest that the gain from improving air quality may be underestimated by a narrow focus on health impacts. Insofar as air pollution may lead to reduced cognitive performance, the consequences of pollution may be relevant for a variety of everyday activities that require mental acuity. Moreover, by temporarily lowering the productivity of human capital, high pollution levels lead to allocative inefficiency as students with lower human capital are assigned a higher rank than their more qualified peers. This may lead to inefficient allocation of workers across occupations, and possibly a less productive workforce.
Thermoelectric heating of Ge2Sb2Te5 in phase change memory devices

We report on the demonstration of the active thermoelectric application to nanometer-scaled semiconductor devices. The thermoelectric heating already exists during programming in conventional phase change memory (PRAM) cells, which is only a minor supplement to Joule heating. Here, by rigorously designing devices, we have demonstrated an unprecedentedly high efficiency of PRAM, where the majority of the heat is supplied by the thermoelectric effect.
ANALISIS PEMANFAATAN SENAYAN LIBRARY MANAGEMENTSYSTEM (SLiMS) DI KANTOR PERPUSTAKAAN DANARSIP DAERAH KOTA SALATIGA

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pemanfaatan Senayan Library Management System (SLiMS) di Kantor Perpustakaan dan Arsip Daerah Kota Salatiga berdasarkan aspek kemanfaatan dan kemudahan dalam teori Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Dalam penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Informan dipilih berdasarkan kriteria yang telah peneliti tentukan sebelumnya sejumlah 9 orang yang terdiri dari 6 orang pengelola perpustakaan dan 3 pemustaka. Kriteria informan untuk pengelola perpustakaan adalah mereka yang berhubungan langsung dengan SLiMS dalam kegiatan sehari-hari, sedangkan informan pemustaka adalah pemustaka yang menggunakan OPAC minimal 3 kali dalam satu bulan dan sedang melakukan penelusuran dengan OPAC saat peneliti melakukan observasi. Analisis data yang diperoleh selama penelitian menunjukan hasil bahwa pemanfaatan Senayan Library Management System (SLiMS) di Kantor Perpustakaan dan Arsip Daerah Kota Salatiga telah memenuhi dua aspek utama dalam teori Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). SLiMS dinilai bermanfaat untuk membantu pekerjaan di perpustakaan termasuk untuk membantu pemustaka dalam proses penelusuran informasi. Dari penelitian ini diketahui pula bahwa pemanfaatan SLiMS belum maksimal dan masih dapat ditingkatkan dengan mengaktifkan visitor counter dan penggunaan fitur copy cataloging yang akan menambah manfaat dari SLiMS. SLiMS juga perangkat lunak yang mudah, baik dalam hal instalasi dan modifikasi serta mudah dalam hal pemakaian akan tetapi masih perlu adanya usaha untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pengguna untuk memanfaatkan SLiMS.
Small Antennas:Miniaturization Techniques & Applications

Chapter 1. Survey of Small Antenna Theory Chapter 2. Fundamental Limits and Guidelines for Miniaturizing Ultra-Wideband Antennas Chapter 3. Overview of Small Antenna Designs Chapter 4. Antenna Miniaturization via Slow Waves Chapter 5. Spiral Antenna Miniaturization Chapter 6. Negative Refractive Index Metamaterial & Electromagnetic Band Gap Based Antennas Chapter 7. Antenna Miniaturizion Using Magnetic Photonic and Degenerate Band Edge Crystals Chapter 8. Impedance Matching for Small Antennas Including Passive and Active Circuits Chapter 9. Antennas for RFID Systems Index
A New Control Strategy for Distributed Generation under Nonlinear loads

This paper presents a new control strategy to improve voltage performance of distributed generation (DG) under nonlinear loads. The proposed voltage controller consists of a proportional-integral and a repetitive controller where the repetitive controller behaves as a bank of resonant controllers to compensate harmonic voltage drop on system impedance due to nonlinear load current. As a result, the voltage at the point of common coupling (PCC) of the DG is regulated to be sinusoidal waveform regardless of the presence of nonlinear loads. In order to validate the effectiveness of the proposed voltage controller, simulations are carried out using PSIM software and results are compared with those with the conventional PI controller.
Design and Development of Smart Solar Grass Cutter

From the time immemorial, the sun is the major source of energy for life on earth used for heat and lighting. Nowadays, solar energyhas been known as a renewable energy source. It is an alternative energy to that of fossil fuel and it can be collected from the renewable resources such as sun, wind and hydro. This paper introduces a new development of grass cutter, named as Smart Solar Grass Cutter, by usingsolar irradiance as a primary energy source with the presence of a solar panel. This grass cutter prototype is developed to reduce air pollutant and improve the current design specifically the blade position based on the previous studies. With current technology, this new prototype is designed as remotely controlled grass cutter using Arduino UNO. Smartphone is used as the remote controller. After developing an established prototype, the design analysis is carried out to bevalidate with the theoretical values to ensure that the prototype can be safely used. The Smart Solar Grass Cutter can operate more than two hours when the used battery is fully charged. Based upon the results, the Smart Solar Grass Cutteris reliable with high efficiency of the system compared to the previous studies. Therefore, it can be concluded that the prototype is reliable and environmentally friendly
CCTV for security professionals

1. Purpose of a Camera System 2. Determining Necessary Requirements 3. Key Elements of the System 4. Choosing the Cameras 5. Control Equipment 6. Recording and Video Storage 7. Enhancing Recording Capabilities 8. Covert and Overt Cameras 9. Connectivity 10. Outdoor Considerations 11. Tying It All Together Glossary Index