Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ANALYSIS OF HEPATITIS B TRANSMISSION POTENTIAL IN THE FAMILY OF PATIENTS USING HBsAg RAPID SCREENING TEST

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the cause of liver disease, found in human body fluids such as saliva, vaginal fluids, semen, and blood. HBV can be transmitted through sex, sharing syringes, baby-mother intercourse, and touching involving bodily fluids. The novelty of this study is that it analyzes the potential for hepatitis B transmission using the HBsAg Rapid Screening Test. The purpose of this study was to analyze the potential for transmission of hepatitis B to the families of patients with patients. This research uses a quantitative method with a descriptive type. The examination used was the immunochromatographic method on venous blood samples of 22 families. The results of the study showed that there were households where one member was detected as HBsAg positive, and 18 other households were HBsAg negative. Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) in the family is as much as 9.09% with the family status of parents and children. It is suspected that children who contracted HBV were the result of close contact that lasted for quite a long time, which allowed HBV particles to move. Moreover, the child lives in the same house with the mother, who takes care of him. The conclusion of this study is that the patient's family who has close contact with hepatitis B sufferers can be infected with hepatitis B.Keywords: Virus; Hepatitis B; Immunochoromatography.
Exploring Business Model Innovation in the Norwegian Grocery Market

This paper focuses on the under-explored dynamics between physical grocery stores and e-grocery through the lens of business model innovation. While e-grocery is expected to grow, we still know little about how it will affect the existing physical stores - and how these actors are reacting to this potential threat. We draw upon in-depth interviews with senior executives from grocery companies, academics, and experts. The data has been subsequently discussed in the light of market literature and the study’s' theoretical framework. We find that e-grocery and physical grocery operate with two very different business models, where neither would benefit from emulating the other. While some of the physical chains have been developing e-grocery as add-on services, they are not profitable because they are not compatible with the current business model. Seeing this, physical shops are primarily concerned with competing with other physical shops to survive the growth of e-grocery despite of the development from pure e-grocery players. However, these sustaining actions might over time turn consumers digital, as the reduction of number of physical stores might spark the change in consumer behavior needed by e-grocery to accelerate its growth.
Learning Target-Oriented Push-Grasping Synergy in Clutter With Action Space Decoupling

We explore a method for grasping novel target objects through push-grasping synergy in a cluttered environment without using object detection and segmentation algorithms. The target information is represented by a color heightmap of the target object. The agent needs to implicitly find the corresponding object in the cluttered scene according to the target information and gives action instructions. We propose an action space decoupling framework to efficiently address the problem of policy learning in large state spaces, which predicts the grasping position and the grasping angle separately. Our system needs to learn two policy networks: position net and angle net. The position net infers the appropriate grasping position and the starting position of the pushing motion, and the angle net predicts the grasping angle based on the grasping position. In addition, the angle net is also a coordinator to determine whether the current state should perform the grasping action or the pushing action. A series of experiments show that the proposed method can quickly learn complex push-grasping coordinated policies in a cluttered environment and the task success rate and the grasping efficiency are greatly improved compared to the baseline methods and it has good generalization ability for novel objects. Furthermore, our method can be transferred to the real world without fine-tuning.
The Bianchi groups are subgroup separable on geometrically finite subgroups

Author(s): Agol, Ian; Long, Darren D. ; Reid, Alan W. | Abstract: We show that for certain arithmetic groups, geometrically finite subgroups are the intersection of finite index subgroups containing them. Examples are the Bianchi groups and the Seifert-Weber dodecahedral space. In particular, for manifolds commensurable with these groups, immersed incompressible surfaces lift to embeddings in a finite sheeted covering.
CafeteriaFCD Corpus: Food Consumption Data Annotated with Regard to Different Food Semantic Resources

Besides the numerous studies in the last decade involving food and nutrition data, this domain remains low resourced. Annotated corpuses are very useful tools for researchers and experts of the domain in question, as well as for data scientists for analysis. In this paper, we present the annotation process of food consumption data (recipes) with semantic tags from different semantic resources—Hansard taxonomy, FoodOn ontology, SNOMED CT terminology and the FoodEx2 classification system. FoodBase is an annotated corpus of food entities—recipes—which includes a curated version of 1000 instances, considered a gold standard. In this study, we use the curated version of FoodBase and two different approaches for annotating—the NCBO annotator (for the FoodOn and SNOMED CT annotations) and the semi-automatic StandFood method (for the FoodEx2 annotations). The end result is a new version of the golden standard of the FoodBase corpus, called the CafeteriaFCD (Cafeteria Food Consumption Data) corpus. This corpus contains food consumption data—recipes—annotated with semantic tags from the aforementioned four different external semantic resources. With these annotations, data interoperability is achieved between five semantic resources from different domains. This resource can be further utilized for developing and training different information extraction pipelines using state-of-the-art NLP approaches for tracing knowledge about food safety applications.
AN APPROXIMATE CALCULATION OF THE LAGRANGIAN AUTO-CORRELATIONCOEFFICIENT FOR STATIONARY HOMOGENEOUS TURBULENCE

An approximate relation between the Lagrangian auto-correlation coefficient of the velocity of a fluid particle and the Eulerian velocity correlation in a field of stationary homogeneous turbulence has been proposed by Corrsi n 2). The relation is used here to derive an integro-differential equation for the Lagrangian auto-correlation, and to calculate it for a particular form of the Eulerian correlation. It is found that the time scale of the Lagrangian auto-correlation is O· 4 Lp((ill)t, where L p is the longitudinal integral scale of the turbulence and (u2)t is the root-mean-square component of velocity. It is also found that the Lagrangian auto-correlation decreases algebraically for large times. It is pointed out that the method is not expected to apply to non-stationary turbulence as generated by a grid in a wind tunnel.
SOFIA OBSERVATIONS OF SN 2010jl: ANOTHER NON-DETECTION OF THE 9.7 μm SILICATE DUST FEATURE

We present photometric observations from the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA) at 11.1 μm of the Type IIn supernova (SN IIn) 2010jl. The SN is undetected by SOFIA, but the upper limits obtained, combined with new and archival detections from Spitzer at 3.6 and 4.5 μm, allow us to characterize the composition of the dust present. Dust in other SN IIn has been shown in previous works to reside in a circumstellar shell of material ejected by the progenitor system in the few millenia prior to explosion. Our model fits show that the dust in the system shows no evidence for the strong, ubiquitous 9.7 μm feature from silicate dust, suggesting the presence of carbonaceous grains. The observations are best fit with 0.01–0.05 M⊙ of carbonaceous dust radiating at a temperature of ∼550–620 K. The dust composition may reveal clues concerning the nature of the progenitor system, which remains ambiguous for this subclass. Most of the single star progenitor systems proposed for SNe IIn, such as luminous blue variables, red supergiants, yellow hypergiants, and B[e] stars, all clearly show silicate dust in their pre-SN outflows. However, this post-SN result is consistent with the small sample of SNe IIn with mid-IR observations, none of which show signs of emission from silicate dust in their IR spectra.
Electron and nuclear spins in semiconductor quantum dots

The electron and nuclear spin degrees of freedom in two-dimensional semiconductor quantum dots are studied as important resources for such fields as spintronics and quantum information. The coupling of electron spins to their orbital motion, via the spinorbit interaction, and to nuclear spins, via the hyperfine interaction, are important for understanding spin-dynamics in quantum dot systems. This work is concerned with both of these interactions as they relate to two-dimensional semiconductor quantum dots. We first consider the spin-orbit interaction in many-electron quantum dots, studying its role in conductance fluctuations. We further explore the creation and destruction of spin-polarized currents by chaotic quantum dots in the strong spin-orbit limit, finding that even without magnetic fields or ferromagnets (i.e., with time reversal symmetry) such systems can produce large spin-polarizations in currents passing through a small number of open channels. We use a density matrix formalism for transport through quantum dots, allowing consideration of currents entangled between different leads, which we show can have larger fluctuations than currents which are not so entangled. Second, we consider the hyperfine interaction between electrons and approximately 106 nuclei in two-electron double quantum dots. The nuclei in each dot collectively form an effective magnetic field interacting with the electron spins. We show that a procedure originally explored with the intent to polarize the nuclei can also equalize the effective magnetic fields of the nuclei in the two quantum dots or, in other parameter regimes, can iii
A Cloud Based Framework for Identification of IoT Devices at Smart Home Using Supervised Machine Intelligence Model

Purpose: Identification of Internet of Thing (IoT) devices in smart home is the most important function for a local server/controller to administer and control the home smoothly. The IoT devices continuously send and receive requests, acknowledgments, packets, etc. for efficient data communication and these communication patterns need to be classified. Design/Methodology/Approach: Therefore, to run the smart home smoothly, in this work a framework using cloud computing is proposed to identify the correct IoT device communicating with the local server based on supervised machine learning. The best supervised machine intelligence model will be installed at the local server to classify the devices on the basis of data communication patterns. Findings/Result: Simulation is performed using Orange 3.26 data analytics tool by considering an IoT devices data communication dataset collected from Kaggle data repository. From the simulation results it is observed that Random Forest (RF) shows better performance than existing supervised machine learning models in terms of classification accuracy (CA) to classify the IoT devices with high accuracy. Originality/Value: A cloud based framework is proposed for a smart home to identify the correct IoT device communicating with the local server based on supervised machine learning. Based on the data communication pattern of the IoT devices, an IoT device is accurately identified. Paper Type: Methodology Paper.
A NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF THE TUNNEL LINING BEHAVIOUR UNDER THE IMPACT OF HIGH TEMPERATURE DUE TO FIRES

The fires in tunnels can cause high temperature and can seriously affect tunnel structure. Study on the work of tunnel lining under impact of high temperature is a challenge for predicting the safety as well as proposing measures to repair the structures after the fires. This study aims at analysis of stress-strain state in the tunnel lining that subjected to the large changes of temperature due to the fires. The analysis is relied on numerical simulations by finite element method with the assumptions of the plane strain problem for a deep tunnel. The thermo-hydro-mechanical coupling behavior for the lining and the surrounding medium is used in the simulation. The results obtained show that the influence of the high temperature on the stress-strain state of the lining is significant and the region of the lining near tunnel wall can be damaged.
The dynamics of the spreading of liquids on a solid surface. Part 1. Viscous flow

An investigation is made into the dynamics involved in the movement of the contact line when one liquid displaces an immiscible second liquid where both are in contact with a smooth solid surface. In order to remove the stress singularity at the contact line, it has been postulated that slip between the liquid and the solid or some other mechanism must occur very close to the contact line. The general procedure for solution is described for a general model for such slip and also for a general geometry of the system. Using matched asymptotic expansions, it is shown that for small capillary number and for small values of the length over which slip occurs, there are either 2 or 3 regions of expansion necessary depending on the limiting process being considered. For the very important situation where 3 regions occur, solutions are obtained from which it is observed that in general there is a maximum value of the capillary number for which the solutions exist. The results obtained are compared with existing theories and experiments.
Natural and Modified Oligonucleotide Sequences Show Distinct Strand Displacement Kinetics and These Are Affected Further by Molecular Crowders

DNA and RNA strand exchange is a process of fundamental importance in biology. Herein, we used a FRET-based assay to investigate, for the first time, the stand exchange kinetics of natural DNA, natural RNA, and locked nucleic acid (LNA)-modified DNA sequences in vitro in PBS in the absence or presence of molecular additives and macromolecular crowders such as diethylene glycol dimethyl ether (deg), polyethylene glycol (peg), and polyvinylpyrrolidone (pvp). The results show that the kinetics of strand exchange mediated by DNA, RNA, and LNA-DNA oligonucleotide sequences are different. Different molecular crowders further affect the strand displacement kinetics, highlighting the complexity of the process of nucleic acid strand exchange as it occurs in vivo. In a peg-containing buffer, the rate constant of displacement was slightly increased for the DNA displacement strand, while it was slightly decreased for the RNA and the LNA-DNA strands compared with displacement in pure PBS. When we used a deg-containing buffer, the rate constants of displacement for all three sequences were drastically increased compared with displacement in PBS. Overall, we show that interactions of the additives with the duplex strands have a significant effect on the strand displacement kinetics and this effect can exceed the one exerted by the chemical nature of the displacement strand itself.
Altered Immune Response to the Epstein–Barr Virus as a Prerequisite for Multiple Sclerosis

Strong epidemiologic evidence links Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection and its altered immune control to multiple sclerosis (MS) development. Clinical MS onset occurs years after primary EBV infection and the mechanisms linking them remain largely unclear. This review summarizes the epidemiological evidence for this association and how the EBV specific immune control is altered in MS patients. The two main possibilities of mechanisms for this association are further discussed. Firstly, immune responses that are induced during a symptomatic primary EBV infection, namely infectious mononucleosis, might be amplified during the following years to finally cause central nervous system (CNS) inflammation and demyelination. Secondly, genetic predisposition and environmental factors might not allow for an efficient immune control of the EBV-infected B cells that might drive autoimmune T cell stimulation or CNS inflammation. These two main hypotheses for explaining the association of the EBV with MS would implicate opposite therapeutic interventions, namely either dampening CNS inflammatory EBV-reactive immune responses or strengthening them to eliminate the autoimmunity stimulating EBV-infected B cell compartment. Nevertheless, recent findings suggest that EBV is an important puzzle piece in the pathogenesis of MS, and understanding its contribution could open new treatment possibilities for this autoimmune disease.
Magnetic ground state and 2D behavior in pseudo-Kagome layered system Cu3Bi(SeO3)2O2Br

Anisotropic magnetic properties of a layered kagome-like system Cu3Bi(SeO3)2O2Br have been studied by bulk magnetization and magnetic susceptibility measurements as well as powder and single-crystal neutron diffraction. At T_N = 27.4 K the system develops an alternating antiferromagnetic order of (ab) layers, which individually exhibit canted ferrimagnetic moment arrangement, resulting from the competing ferro- and antiferro-magnetic intralayer exchange interactions. A magnetic field B_C ~ 0.8 T applied along the c axis (perpendicular to the layers) triggers a metamagnetic transition, when every second layer flips, i.e., resulting in a ferrimagnetic structure. Significantly higher fields are required to rotate the ferromagnetic component towards the b axis (~7 T) or towards the a axis (~15 T). The estimates of the exchange coupling constants and features indicative of an XY character of this quasi-2D system are presented.
Green Catalytic Pyrolysis: An Eco-Friendly Route for the Production of Fuels and Chemicals by Blending Oil Industry Wastes and Waste Furniture Wood

Lignocellulosic biomass is converted into liquid products through pyrolysis, which can be used as an alternative fuel for heating applications and industrial chemicals. Pyrolysis liquid is a mixture of many oxygenated fractions which deteriorates its burning properties. Through specific bond cleavage reactions like deoxygenation, cracking, and decarbonylation, catalysts in the pyrolysis process can be used to improve the quality of pyrolysis liquid. In this study, biochar produced by carbonization of printed circuit boards was used for catalytic reforming processes to produce energy-rich liquids and chemicals from a mixture of karanja seed oil cake and waste furniture wood. The catalytic process was performed by changing the reactor temperature from 300°C to 700°C at 50°C intervals. The results showed a maximum liquid oil recovery of 53.9 wt% at 500°C. Compared to the noncatalytic reaction, pyrolysis of biomass with biochar recovered 11.59% more liquid. This study demonstrated a viable technique to recover more liquid products and industrial chemicals by employing sustainable catalysts from e-waste. The physical analysis of the liquid showed that the liquid can be used as a fuel for boilers and furnaces. The chemical characterization through gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) showed the presence of various chemical elements used for medicinal and industrial applications.
Assessment of atmospheric correction algorithms for the Sentinel-2A MultiSpectral Imager over coastal and inland waters

The relatively high spatial resolution, short revisit time and red-edge spectral band (705 nm) of the ESA Sentinel2 Multi Spectral Imager makes this sensor attractive for monitoring water quality of coastal and inland waters. Reliable atmospheric correction is essential to support routine retrieval of optically active substance concentration from water-leaving reflectance. In this study, six publicly available atmospheric correction algorithms (Acolite, C2RCC, iCOR, l2gen, Polymer and Sen2Cor) are evaluated against above-water optical in situ measurements, within a robust methodology, in two optically diverse coastal regions (Baltic Sea, Western Channel) and from 13 inland waterbodies from 5 European countries with a range of optical properties. The total number of match-ups identified for each algorithm ranged from 1059 to 1668 with 521 match-ups common to all algorithms. These in situ and MSI match-ups were used to generate statistics describing the performance of each algorithm for each respective region and a combined dataset. All ACs tested showed high uncertainties, in many cases> 100% in the red and> 1000% in the near-infra red bands. Polymer and C2RCC achieved the lowest root mean square differences (~0.0016 sr−1) and mean absolute differences (~40–60% in blue/green bands) across the different datasets. Retrieval of blue-green and NIR-red band ratios indicate that further work on AC algorithms is required to reproduce the spectral shape in the red and NIR bands needed to accurately retrieve the chlorophyll-a concentration in turbid waters.
Time separation of surface heterogeneity through experimental measurement of adsorption energies , local monolayer capacities , local isotherms , and energy distribution functions by inverse gas chromatography

The inverse gas chromatography version of Reversed-Flow is described for experimental determination of local adsorption energies, local monolayer capacities, local isotherms, energy distribution functions, and lateral molecular interactions of gaseous adsorbates on heterogeneous solid surfaces. This method circumvents altogether the traditional integral equation of the three functions Θ(p, T), θ(p, T, ε) and f(ε) used in various approximations for finding energy distribution functions. Based on some explicit functions of time derived from the solution of a simple mathematical model, all physicochemical quantities mentioned above can be determined as functions of experimental time by means of simple PC programmes. This creates a domain of time-resolved chemistry of surfaces, used to reach important conclusions regarding adsorption sites. Some representative results are explicitly given.
An Empirical Study of Entrepreneurial Intention and Youth Entrepreneurship Policy in Hong Kong

Young entrepreneurship is the future of the economy in terms of increasing employment and creating economic value. This paper will report the milestone results of a pilot survey study on entrepreneurial intention and preparation of young people in Hong Kong with a view to explore potential recommendations to develop youth entrepreneurial policy for the Hong Kong Government. The target of this survey is those young people from 18 to 40 years old. 244 copies of valid questionnaires were collected via e-mail, face-to-face seminars and online platforms. The study was designed based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and covered entrepreneurial personality traits, family background, entrepreneurial education, entrepreneurial preparation, and the perception of the entrepreneurial environment in Hong Kong. Implications for education institutions and the government will be discussed finally.