Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Phylogenetic systematics of Butyrivibrio and Pseudobutyrivibrio genomes illustrate possession of open genomes rich in orthologous accessory genes with an abundance of carbohydrate-active enzyme isoforms

BackgroundButyrivibrio and Pseudobutyrivibrio dominate in anaerobic gastrointestinal microbiomes, particularly the rumen, where they play a key role in harvesting energy from the diet. Within these genera, 5 rumen species have been classified (B. fibrisolvens, B. hungatei, B. proteoclasticus, P. ruminis and P. xylanivorans); nonetheless, the phylogeny and evolution of these genera is still unclear. Given the recent increase in available genomes, a re-investigation of the phylogenetic systematics and evolution of Butyrivibrio and Pseudobutyrivibrio is timely.ResultsWe show, using both a 16S rDNA and 40 gene marker phylogenetic tree, that 6 species, namely 1. P. ruminis, 2. P. xylanivorans, 3. B. fibrisolvens, 4. Butyrivibrio sp. , 5. B. hungatei, and 6. B. proteclasticus likely exist. Pangenome analysis at 100% core definition showed a high abundance of accessory genes (91.50 to 99.34%) compared with core genes (0.66 to 8.50%), illustrating possession of very open genomes. Across the 71 genomes, 870 COGs (clusters of orthologous genes) were shared by all taxa, suggesting evolution through speciation from a common ancestor. Further analysis of Carbohydrate-Active Enzymes (CAZymes) genes show that most are within the accessory genome and orthologous in descent with numerous within-family CAZyme isoforms apparent, CAZyme family tree lineages show that these isoforms largely group according to the 6 species, suggesting extensive horizontal gene transfer within these families.ConclusionsWe show the extensive genomic variation found within Butyrivibrio, and to a lesser extent, Pseudobutyrivibrio. and demonstrate the existence of a new Butyrivibrio species. The Butyrivibrio and Pseudobutyrivibrio genomes are very open with very low % core genomes and high % accessory genomes. , and possess a number of GH isoforms that we hypothesise facilitate metabolic plasticity and resilience under dietary perturbations. This study utilizes all currently available genomes and consequently provides a major advancement in our understanding of these important anaerobic bacteria.
Design of X-band GaN combined power amplifier for radar applications

Most wireless systems must be able to output a high enough output power to serve their purpose. A power amplifier is often needed in order to amplify the outgoing signal to a decent power level. Power amplifiers can be constructed using a variety of materials and techniques. Most modern amplifiers are constructed using semiconductor materials. Gallium nitride or GaN is a relatively recent semiconductor material used to manufacture high speed transistors that can handle high power levels and withstand high temperature. Smaller and more efficient amplifiers can be constructed if using GaN as compared to using other semiconductor materials. A surface mount 25 W GaN transistor have been used to construct a prototype of a combined power amplifier. The amplifier was supposed to use two of these transistors in a combined configuration and be able to output 50 W of power at X-band. The design was realized by simulations using a computer based design tool together with a non-linear transistor model. A prototype was then constructed to be able to perform measurements and analyze its performance. The prototype was able to output up to 50 W of power, but bandwidth and efficiency did not reach the same levels compared to when performing the simulations. Maximum performance was reached at a frequency 350 MHz lower than expected.
Retinal Vessel Analysis for Detection of Glaucoma

Glaucoma, a disease of the optic nerve is caused by the increase in the intraocular pressure of the eye and results in damage to the optic nerve and vision loss. The main characteristic of glaucoma is an elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) and also the blood vessels get narrower. Vessel segmentation is one of the main steps in retinal automated analysis tools. Retinal vessel segmentation and delineation of morphological attributes of retinal blood vessels are utilized for diagnosis, screening, treatment, and evaluation of various cardiovascular and ophthalmologic diseases. Since, the numbers of blood vessels are more in the glaucomatous eye , glaucoma is detected by means of ISNT ratio. The image processing operations are performed on glaucomatous and normal eyes. We have chosen ten images of each from the database and ISNT ratio is calculated to get the area of blood vessels in each of the four quadrants of the eye and hence glaucoma is detected.
Les PME et le Développement durable

This study aims to determine practices of small and medium enterprises in the French Region Centre in the field of sustainable development and corporate social responsibility (CSR). If managers massively state that they lead their project following sustainable development principles, the study reveals a weak knowledge in terms of possible tools, existing aids and institutional partnerships. The study also reveals that enterprises focus in the fields where legal duties are high, suggestion possible complementarities between the legal framework and voluntary actions of firms. The level of commitment is not significantly different between firms with less than 20 employees and firms above this level. However, the level of information is weaker for smaller firms. Lastly, economic subsidies are not linked with a higher level of commitments from the firms although the knowledge of institutional partnerships is higher for firms that received subsidies.
Inlets for Supersonic Missiles

This book describes the design, operation, performance, and selection of the inlets (also known as intakes and air-induction systems) indispensable to proper functioning of an airbreathing engine. Topics include functions and fundamentals, supersonic diffusers, subsonic diffusers, viscous effects, operational characteristics, performance estimation, installation factors, variable geometry, and proof of capability.
Active Learning Through Formative Assessment

Introduction 1 Definitions, history and purposes of formative assessment 2 The link with summative assessment: long-, medium- and short-term assessment 3 The ideal learning culture 4 How can we maximise opportunities to think, discuss and question? 5 Asking worthwhile questions 6 How can planning maximise pupil engagement and achievement? 7 What makes effective learning objectives? 8 How will we know what learning objectives mean? 9 How will we know what excellence looks like? 10 How can we enable a process of constant review and improvement? 11 Setting up a learning team in your own educational setting, and supporting teacher development References
ÍNDICE ALFABÉTICO DE AUTORES

Aiken, Joan Cuentos del cuervo de Arabel Los lobos de Willoughby Chase Albertine (Il.) Los pájaros Alemagna, Beatrice El Maravilloso Mini-Peli-Coso Alexie, Sherman El Diario completamente verídico de un indio a tiempo parcial Alexiévich, Svetlana Voces de Chernóbil Allsburg, Chris van Los misterios del Señor Burdick Alonso Berná, Marta Recuerdos de perrito de mierda Altés, Marta El libro de Gloria Fuertes para niños y niñas Amargo, Pablo El río que se secaba los jueves Ambjornsen, Ingvar. Elling. Hermanos de sangre; El baile de los pajaritos Ammaniti, Niccolò Tú y yo Andrada, Javier El cuento de Navidad Aregui, Matthias Antes después Arguilé, Elisa (Il.) Hasta casi 100 bichos Arsenault, Isabelle Jane, el zorro y yo
Transport Protocols for IP-traffic over DVB-T

The rapid growing demand for Internet connectivity has created a surge for new techniques that will enable people to connect from any place at any time. The wireless networks of today are limited in range or in bandwidth. In this thesis work DVB-T (Digital Video Broadcast - Terrestrial) has been studied in combination with GSM (Global System for Mobile communications), in order to evaluate how such a system can be used to provide a high bandwidth, long range, data link. The commonly used Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is known to perform very poorly with asymmetric and long delay links. Wireless links usually have bit errors, errors that corrupts packets, and often these bit errors come in bursts and thereby corrupting many packets. More than one lost packet will significantly degrade the TCP performance. In an asymmetric network the link with the smallest bandwidth will set the limit of throughput if any kind of data acknowledgments (Acks) are used. TCP is ACK driven and for large asymmetries the theoretical throughput will depend heavily on the packet-size and the bandwidth of the narrow link. The DVB-T/GSM system is both wireless and highly asymmetric, in raw bandwidth as well as in delay, which makes the use of standard TCP unworkable. Many techniques has been studied in order to find a solution to how the transport protocol should be tuned to handle the characteristics of DVB-T and GSM. The solution presented in this work does not set any demands on the host on the Internet, and is fully compatible with existing standards. This system will enable speeds up to 13 times faster than conventional TCP.
APPLYING SYSTEMS ENGINEERING TO INTERAGENCY COORDINATION IN SUPPORT OF COMBATANT COMMANDS

This research addresses interagency coordination from an architectural perspective utilizing a systems engineering process. Interagency coordination is not fully understood and has proven diffi cult for various U.S. government agencies to replicate. Two examples of successful interagency coordination are used in this analysis: the Joint Interagency Task Force-South (JIATF-South) and Special Operations Forces (SOF) high-value target teams. These organizations are decomposed into their top-level functions and organized by their major physical components. These results are applied in the creation of a notional top-level functional and physical architecture for the U.S. European Command’s new Joint Interagency Counter-Traffi cking Center (JICTC).
Manoeuvring at the Margins: Constraints Faced by Small States in International Trade Negotiations

Foreword Acronyms and Abbreviations Summary 1. Introduction: The Scope and Methods of the Study 2. The Constraints Faced by Small States: A Review 3. Building an Effective Negotiating Team 4. Harnessing the Support of Civil Society and the Private Sector 5. Leveraging Limited Bargaining Power 6. The Way Forward: Prioritising and Tackling Constraints Annexes 1 List of Small States 2. Survey Results 3. Interview Questions 4. List of People Interviewed Bibliography Index
Isolation of betulinic acid and antioxidant and anti-HIV-1 reverse transcriptase activity of Cratoxylum formosum subsp. pruniflorum (Kurz) Gogelein extract

Cratoxylum formosum subsp. pruniflorum (Kurz) Gogelein has been used as a medicinal plant for the treatment of many diseases. C. formosum bark was macerated with methanol and partitioned using hexane and chloroform. The chloroform bark extract was fractionated using column chromatography. Five combined fractions were obtained (CFA–CFE) and then investigated for antioxidant activity based on the total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoids content (TFC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and nitric oxide (NO) radical scavenging activity and also for anti-HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) activity. CFE had the highest antioxidant activity, with values for TPC, TFC and FRAP of 44.84 ± 0.05 μg of gallic acid equivalents/g, 580.69 ± 0.78 μg of quercetin equivalents/g and 82.56 ± 0.08 μg of Trolox equivalents/g of dry weight extract, respectively, and CFB inhibited the nitric oxide radical at the lowest concentration (96.73 μg/mL). However, the methanolic bark extract, fractions CFC, CFD and CFE had high inhibitory effects against HIV-1 RT with values greater than 60% relative inhibition. CFE had the highest percentage relative inhibition among the fractions and was at a comparable level to a standard drug (Nevirapine). The ranking of the antioxidant and anti-HIV-1 RT activities of the fractions was CFE followed by CFD, CFC, CFB and CFA, respectively. Betulinic acid was isolated from fraction 52 of the chloroform extract that was eluted with chloroform-acetone (1:9, volume per volume). The 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance data obtained were in accordance with the previous published data. There is a need for further isolation of bioactive compounds and evaluation of their antioxidant and anti-HIV activities.
A comparative study of the conceptual metaphors of time in Persian and English

- From a cognitive perspective, metaphor is viewed as one of the important aspects and a fundamental part of the everyday use of language. Metaphor is generally defined as a means to talk about a more abstract conceptual domain in terms of another, more concrete domain. The mapping between the two domains is expressed through some conceptual metaphors. The present study is a comparative analysis of the conceptual metaphors of time in Persian and English. In doing so, different expressions of time in the two languages were categorised into the relevant conceptual metaphors, to be compared to find any similarities and differences in this respect. The expressions of time were analysed under eight different conceptual metaphors. It is revealed that the two languages show a very similar conceptualisation of time-related expressions. Except for a few minor differences, both languages generally appear to use the same metaphoric structures to express time. The use of similar collocations with time words in most cases counts as evidence for the similarities between the two languages in their conceptualisation of time.
A influência das tecnologias self-service bancárias no comportamento dos clientes residentes nos Açores

Over the past few years, there has been significant diversification of the distribution and communication channels used within the banking sector, specifically induced by self-service technologies which enable the clients to access their personal financial accounts at any location and any time. The utilization of these new technologies presents an opportunity for financial institutions to reduce their costs and can be applied as a means of distinguishing themselves from the competition. Therefore, it is extremely important to study the influence that the use of selfservice banking technologies such as ATMs, Internet Banking, and Mobile Banking may have on users’ behaviour towards their financial institutions. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of the frequent utilization of the three aforementioned self-service banking technologies among consumers living in the Azores on their behaviour, specifically with regard to the following topics: satisfaction, trust, loyalty, perception of security issues, word-ofmouth, and contact with the bank employees. This analysis will involve a sample comprising 450 respondents. The research revealed that more frequent users have more positive attitudes towards their banks compared with individuals who use these technologies less frequently. Given the influence that self-service banking technologies have on the behaviour of their most frequent users, this study recognizes the importance of constructing and using relevant indicators that can be used by local financial institutions in order to improve and develop strategies that contribute to an increase in service quality and consequent customer satisfaction. Key-Words: ATM, Consumer Behaviour, Internet Banking, Mobile Banking, Selfservice Technologies.
Playing to Wiin: Nintendo and the Video Game Industry's Greatest Comeback

Acknowledgments. Introduction. Chapter 1: Leave Luck to Heaven. Chapter 2: The Kid. Chapter 3: Character Issues. Chapter 4: The Console Wars. Chapter 5: The Sony Shock. Chapter 6: Manifest DS-Tiny. Chapter 7: The Third Way. Chapter 8: Revolution in the Streets. Chapter 9: Wiining the Day. Chapter 10: Wealth and Legacy. Chapter 11: Bouts of Ennu-Wii. Chapter 12: 3D and the Next Small Thing. Epilogue. Index.
Estimating forces acting on an underwater vehicle with G.P.S. and Kalman filtering

continue on reverse if necessary and identify by block number) discrete state space model is developed which describes an autonomous underwater vehicle and incorporates the effects of Brents, sea state, and wind as it travels through the sea. Heading commands are calculated to overcome these effects by the :sign of an Extended Kalman Filter which estimates their combined velocity components. Simulations are done which test e filter's effectiveness in a range of different environments. Some potential uses for this system are discussed at the end. Distribution Availability of Abstract unclassified unlimited D same as report DTIC users . i Name of Responsible Individual irold A. Titus 21 Abstract Security Classification Unclassified 22b Telephone (include Area code) (40S) 646-2560 22c Office Symbol 32Ts i FORM 1473,84 MAR 83 APR edition may be used until exhausted All other editions are obsolete security classification of this page Unclassified Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. Estimating Forces Acting on an Underwater Vehicle with G.P.S. and Kalman Filtering by James K. Easton Jr. Lieutenant, United States Navy B.S.E.E. , University of Idaho, 1979 Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degrees of MASTER OF SCIFNHE IN ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING and ELECTRICAL ENGINEER from the NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL March 19S8
Predictive Analytics of Education Data Based Learning Patterns - A Literature Review

-In the recent years, the scenario of education has changed a lot. It has moved from one platform to another by using various new techniques and technologies. In this sector, the new technology that is growing very fast is Educational Data Mining. Though the term “Data Mining” is very popular but when it get added with the education sector it is named as mining the educational data on various prospects to find the useful patterns of data that can serve Educators, Stakeholders, Academicians and other personnel to find out the learning patterns of students and to retain their intensity of failure. In this paper we are discussing about classification algorithm and feature selection method that can be used to find the most relevant attribute for predicting the performance of students.
Human-Centered Technologies Tool

Operator error is a leading cause of incidents and accidents, and equipment design has been shown to facilitate such errors. Human factors expertise is often used to evaluate the design of equipment and user interfaces for their potential to cause, facilitate, or permit operator error. Developing broad and deep expertise in human factors, however, requires many years of formal training, and Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) regulators are often asked to evaluate equipment and user interface design without the benefit of such training. This report describes the development and evaluation of a computer-based analysis tool to help FRA Office of Safety personnel determine whether specific railroad technology designs may cause operator error and, if so, what types or errors. The tool allows an analyst to model the layout, physical appearance, and functionality of controls and displays. The tool then applies standard human factors principles to analyze the design for errors that may be caused by factors, such as violation of cultural conventions, inconsistencies within the interface, hidden functions, and inadequate feedback. The tool is designed to evaluate a single interface or compare two interfaces for interoperability. This report describes the software and summarizes the development and evaluation effort. It also contains a users’ guide to assist tool users.
Defining a Data Impact Tool for Design Courses

Wearable product/service solutions are increasingly spreading in everyday life aiming at supporting and tracking activities, also increasing self-awareness about behaviors and body parameters. The amount and variety of personal data generated and collected by these digital services is unprecedented in human history, and impacts on individuals, societies and organizations can now be only partly predicted. The design of data management in these solutions has so become a critical task for both designers and service providers. This paper presents the results of the application of a design tool, as part of an Impact Anticipation Method, created to foresee problems and opportunities so to improve design choices in quick design processes and design courses. The tool aims at stimulating the discussion on impacts related to the use of personal information. The results point out the usefulness of the method’s tool in raising awareness in designers, elicit critical thinking fostering the discussion on the topic, and provide insights for improvements. It demonstrates the need of more agile ways to address the topic in the design process. Students faced their lack of knowledge about how and when personal information is implied in their solutions, and on potential impacts that such information could have.
Power Allocation Strategy for Soft-Decision-and-Forward Cooperative Communication System

In this paper, the performance of the soft-decision-and-forward (SDF) protocol in the cooperative communication network with one source, one relay, and one destination, where each node has two transmit and receive antennas, is analyzed in terms of the bit error rate (BER) obtained from the pairwise error probability (PEP). For the slow-varying Rayleigh fading channel, the optimal and suboptimal power allocation ratios are determined without feedback. The optimal power allocation can be obtained by minimizing the average PEP. For the tractability, an alternative strategy of maximizing the product SNR of direct and relay links, which we call the suboptimal power allocation, is considered. Through the numerical analysis, we show that the performance gap between the suboptimal and the optimal power allocation is negligible in the high SNR region.
EMERGING COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES (ECT) PHASE 3 FINAL REPORT

Gary L. Bastin, Ph.D. ASRC Aerospace Corporation, John F. Kennedy Space Center, Florida William G. Harris, PE ASRC Aerospace Corporation, John F. Kennedy Space Center, Florida Lakesha D. Bates, B.S.E.E. , M.S.E.E. NASA Graduate Fellowship Student, John F. Kennedy Space Center, Florida Richard A. Nelson NASA, YA-D7, John F. Kennedy Space Center, Florida