Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of conductive carbon additives and negative/positive capacity ratio on graphite/LiFePO4 full‐cells performance

In this article, we study two factors (carbon additive, N/P ratio) affecting the performance of Li‐ion cells using LiFePO4 (LFP) synthesized via the hydrothermal method. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) results show that the synthesized LFP material is pure and within the single phase of the orthorhombic lattice. The electrochemical properties of synthesized LFP cathode (physically mixed with different carbon C65 and CNTs) were studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatically cycling. The diffusion coefficients of LFP‐CNTs and LFP‐C65 were calculated using the Randles‐Sevcik equation and reached 8.350. 10−10 cm2 s−1 and 1.620. 10−10 cm2 s−1, respectively. In a rate capability tests, LFP‐CNTs based cell demonstrates an excellent cyclability with a discharge capacity (CapDis) of 147.9 mAh g−1 at 0.1C and 84.0 mAh g−1 at 5.0C, whereas LFP‐C65 completely lost capacity at 2.0C. In addition, the investigation of negative/positive capacity ratios (N/P ratios) at 1.18 and 1.23 reveals high specific capacity (Capspe), high‐capacity retention, and an excellent charge/discharge efficiency (EC/DC) at different C‐rates.
Subharmonic generation in piezoelectrics with Cantor-like structure

The purpose of this paper is to explain the subharmonic generation of waves (SWG) in piezoelectric plates with Cantor-like structure. We show that SWG is due to a nonlinear superposition of cnoidal waves in both phonon and fracton vibration regimes. We propose an original inverse method based on a genetic algorithm for an optimal identification of system parameters by inversion of the vibrational data.
Impact of climate resilient technologies in rainfed agro-ecosystem

Climate change has been given the dubious moniker for asymmetrical development of Indian economy in general and agriculture sector in particular. Climate resilient technologies are promising tool to guard a farming system from climatic variations. National Initiative on Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA) has demonstrated, and promoted application of climate resilient technologies in most vulnerable 100 districts. This study has been conducted to recognize the technological and socio-economic impact of these technologies upon the society. To enable impact assessment the study employed with –without and before-after comparison, of samples of two NICRA and two non-NICRA villages constituting 120 respondents. Among the technologies demonstrated in the NICRA villages, improved soil and land management practices, water management practices, crop production interventions and cropping system interventions were compared. Various analyses demonstrated that significant difference between NICRA and non-NICRA, farmers on cropping intensity, crop diversification, average irrigated land area and irrigation frequency, employment generation, land area (leased in) and annual savings, with a favorable tilt towards NICRA group. Before-after comparison of NICRA group, to isolate the project impact also testified significant improvement on a set of indicators like average irrigated land area and irrigation frequency, employment generation, land area (leased in), savings, crop yield and expenditure pattern. The study thus provides a springboard for the policy makers and civil societies to stretch out the activities for wide adaptation.
A deeper study on shared segment protection in mesh WDM networks

It has been widely recognized that survivability is of great importance in survivable mesh WDM networks. Among various survivable schemes proposed in the literature, segment shared protection is reported to have the best performance in terms of making trade offs between spare capacity utilization and restoration time. This paper proposes a novel technique, called backup segment backup cost adjusting (BSBCA), to further reduce the spare capacity consumed for shared segment protection. To guarantee the BSBCA technique can be used in real networks, we further propose a novel approach to select appropriately the backup segment whose backup cost will be adjusted. Simulation results demonstrate the good performance of the BSBCA technique.
Infusion of Some but Not All Types of Human Perinatal Stromal Cells Prevent Organ Fibrosis in a Humanized Graft versus Host Disease Murine Model

Allogeneic transplant rejection represents a medical complication that leads to high morbidity and mortality rates. There are no treatments to effectively prevent fibrosis; however, there is great interest in evaluating the use of perinatal mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and other MSCs to prevent fibrosis associated with chronic rejection. In this study, we isolated human perinatal stromal cells (PSCs) from amnion (AM-PSC), placental villi (PV-PSC), and umbilical cord (UC-PSC) tissues, demonstrating the phenotypic characteristics of MSCs as well as a >70% expression of the immunomodulatory markers CD273 and CD210. The administration of a single dose (250,000 cells) of each type of PSC in a humanized graft versus host disease (hGvHD) NSG® murine model delayed the progression of the disease as displayed by weight loss and GvHD scores ranging at various levels without affecting the hCD3+ population. However, only PV-PSCs demonstrated an increased survival rate of 50% at the end of the study. Furthermore, a histopathological evaluation showed that only PV-PSC cells could reduce human CD45+ cell infiltration and the fibrosis of the lungs and liver. These findings indicate that not all PSCs have similar therapeutic potential, and that PV-PSC as a cell therapeutic may have an advantage for targeting fibrosis related to allograft rejection.
Exploration of Nanosilver Calcium Alginate-Based Multifunctional Polymer Wafers for Wound Healing

Wound care is an integral part of effective recovery. However, its associated financial burden on national health services globally is significant enough to warrant further research and development in this field. In this study, multifunctional polymer wafers were prepared, which provide antibacterial activity, high cell viability, high swelling capacity and a thermally stable medium which can be used to facilitate the delivery of therapeutic agents. The purpose of this polymer wafer is to facilitate wound healing, by creating nanosilver particles within the polymer matrix itself via a one-pot synthesis method. This study compares the use of two synthetic agents in tandem, detailing the effects on the morphology and size of nanosilver particles. Two synthetic methods with varying parameters were tested, with one method using silver nitrate, calcium chloride and sodium alginate, whilst the other included aloe vera gel as an extra component, which serves as another reductant for nanosilver synthesis. Both methods generated thermally stable alginate matrices with high degrees of swelling capacities (400–900%) coupled with interstitially formed nanosilver of varying shapes and sizes. These matrices exhibited controlled nanosilver release rates which were able to elicit antibacterial activity against MRSA, whilst maintaining an average cell viability value of above 90%. Based on the results of this study, the multifunctional polymer wafers that were created set the standard for future polymeric devices for wound healing. These polymer wafers can then be further modified to suit specific types of wounds, thereby allowing this multifunctional polymer wafer to be applied to different wounding scenarios.
Atomic coherent states in quantum optics

The central problem of Quantum Optics (laser theory, super-radiance, resonant propagation, etc.) is the description of the interaction between N atoms and an electromagnetic field confined in a cavity of finite volume. A suitable model Hamiltonian for this problem is the following one (ℏ = 1) $$\begin{array}{*{20}{l}} {{\rm{H = }}\sum\limits_{\rm{k}} {{{\rm{\omega }}_{\rm{k}}}} {\rm{a}}_{\rm{k}}^{\rm{ + }}{{\rm{a}}_{\rm{k}}}{\rm{ + }}\frac{{{{\rm{\omega }}_{\rm{o}}}}}{{\rm{2}}}\sum\limits_{{\rm{i = 1}}}^{\rm{N}} {{{\rm{S}}_{{\rm{3}}\left( {\rm{i}} \right)}}} }\\ {{\rm{ + }}\sum\limits_{{\rm{k,i}}} {{{\rm{g}}_{\rm{k}}}\left( {{{\rm{a}}_{\rm{k}}}{\rm{S}}_{\rm{i}}^{\rm{ + }}{{\rm{e}}^{{\rm{i \bullet }}{{{\rm{}}}_{\rm{i}}}}}{\rm{ + a}}_{\rm{k}}^{\rm{ + }}{\rm{S}}_{\rm{i}}^{\rm{ - }}{{\rm{e}}^{{\rm{ - i \bullet }}{{{\rm{}}}_{\rm{i}}}}}} \right)} {\rm{,}}} \end{array}$$ where ak, a k + are Bose operators describing the k-th field mode and S i ± ,S3i are Pauli operators describing the atom located at position x i as a two-level system.
Elevated Serum Neurofilament Light Chain in Hemodialysis Patients with Pruritus

Background: Hemodialysis-related pruritus is a widespread, troubling issue with a complex pathogenesis, including neuropathy. The neurofilament light chain (NfL) is a neurocytoskeleton component that increases in neurodegenerative and polyneuropathy illnesses. Objectives: The aim of the current study was to evaluate the serum levels of NfL in pruritic hemodialysis patients. Patients and methods: Sixty patients receiving regular hemodialysis were selected, and divided into 2 equal groups (30 patients with pruritus, and 30 patients without pruritus), and a control group of 20 healthy individuals who were age and sex matched. With the help of the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), pruritus intensity was evaluated. Hemoglobin, urea, creatinine, calcium, phosphorus, and parathormone laboratory tests were performed. Additionally, the serum NfL level was determined using ELISA. Results: Serum NfL levels varied significantly between the study groups (P=0.001), with pruritic hemodialysis patients having the highest median level, followed by those without pruritus, and the control group having the lowest level. There was a significant positive correlation between the duration and intensity of itching and blood NfL (P=0.001). Conclusion: Increased NfL levels in hemodialysis patients with pruritus support the neuropathy hypothesis as a source of pruritus
A topological method used for field-circuit coupling

A lumped parameter model describing the outside electric connection of conductors is linked with a finite element model to compute the magnetic field distribution. A well established method for circuit analysis is adapted for this purpose. A suitable analysis to consider solid conductors and stranded conductors simultaneously as parts of the external electric circuit is stated. This approach yields a general coupling mechanism that keeps symmetric if both the magnetic and the electric problems are symmetric. The generality of the method makes the implementation straightforward and powerful. The maturity of the method is proved by the computation of different eddy current problems.
Observations of electric double layers in a magnetised plasma column

Strong electric double layers are produced in a low-density plasma column confined by an axial magnetic field and maintained by single-ended inflow of plasma along the magnetic field. The double layer evolves from an anode sheath, and ionisation within the sheath is shown to be a significant process in this conversion. Once the double layer has been formed, its axial position can be controlled by the external electric circuit. The layer exhibits an axial motion back and forth with amplitudes somewhat larger than the layer thickness.
Hydromagnetic surface waves on a tangential discontinuity

Propagation of hydromagnetic surface waves on an MHD tangential discontinuity, separating two uniform magnetic plasmas, across which the magnetic field changes both its direction and field-strength, is examined. The study is arbitrarily confined to discontinuities one side of which has a plasma-β value larger than unity. A classification scheme to identify the ‘fast’ and the ‘slow’ surface waves is employed thus enabling us to find new features in the modal structure of these waves. In the case of sufficiently small values for the density ratio between the higher and the lower Alfvén speed regions on opposite sides of the interface, this study reveals the presence of a ‘forbidden region’ for propagation of fast surface waves with values of their propagation angle being smaller than a certain critical value. The study also reveals the existence of two distinct slow surface waves with angles of propagation larger than a certain critical value but for two different ranges of values for the angle between magnetic field vectors across the interface. While revealing such new structures of the surface modes for intermediate parameter values, the present investigation also confirms earlier results regarding the asymptotic behaviour of the modes in the incompressible limit. §Present address: Physics and Applied Mathematics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, 203 Barrackpore Trunk Road, Kolkata, India 700035.
Dynamics of a semiconductor laser with incoherent optical feedback

Instabilities in semiconductor lasers with optical feedback have been the subject of many experimental and theoretical investigations. Most of the phenomena studied so far seem to originate from the coupling between the optical intensity, the carriers, and the phase difference between the laser output and delayed field. It is therefore interesting to analyse the dynamics of a semiconductor laser with incoherent feedback. In this case, the light re-injected into the resonator interacts with the emitted field via the carrier density only. This is achieved experimentally by designing a ring cavity where the light is re-injected into the main resonator after a 90 degree of polarization.
Geriatric Emergency Medicine Fellowship Journal Club: Syncope Risk Stratification & Geriatric-Specific Clinical Decision Rules

It is reasonable to think that a decision aid might improve resource use while identifying the subset of patients with life-threatening causes for their syncope warranting admission. In this journal club, we explore the additional benefit of a syncope risk stratification tool focused on delineating the management of the highest-risk older patient population. The first authors of the two risk stratification tools that were discussed both participated in this journal club
Nobel Lecture: The discovery of polyacetylene film-the dawning of an era of conducting polymers

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2000 was awarded for our discovery and development of conducting polymers, but that discovery only happened after much work on polyacetylene. In this lecture, I would like to talk about the early investigations that preceded and eventually led to the discovery of chemical doping. I do hope my talk will be of use for you, the audience, to deepen your understanding of what had happened before and how we arrived at the idea of chemical doping.
On some properties of force-free magnetic fields in infinite regions of space

Techniques for solving boundary value problems (BVP) for a force free magnetic field (FFF) in infinite space are presented. A priori inequalities are defined which must be satisfied by the force-free equations. It is shown that upper bounds may be calculated for the magnetic energy of the region provided the value of the magnetic normal component at the boundary of the region can be shown to decay sufficiently fast at infinity. The results are employed to prove a nonexistence theorem for the BVP for the FFF in the spatial region. The implications of the theory for modeling the origins of solar flares are discussed.
Adaptive antenna array under directional and spatial derivative constraints

The author examines the beampattern dependency on the choice of phase centre location, when a narrow band beamformer is subjected to directional and spatial derivative constraints. He then presents a technique based on a power response approach, for deriving a new set of constraints for controlling the beampattern spatial derivates. The new set of constraints ensure that the array beampattern is independent of the choice of the phase centre co-ordinate origin. It is shown that for the first-order case, the constraint is linear, but for the second-order case, the constraint is quadratic. The author then presents a technique for approximating the effect of the quadratic constraint by two linear constraints. Finally, he presents a technique for optimising the beampattern with respect to the choice of the phase centre location, when the quadratic constraint is being approximated with linear constraints. >
Extending the Shelf Life of Raw Milk and Pasteurized Milk with Plantaricin FB-2

Raw milk and pasteurized milk are characterized by a short shelf life, and drinking expired raw milk and pasteurized milk causes illness. In the study, Plantaricin FB-2 (extracted from Lactiplantibacillus plantarum FB-2) was added to liquid milk. By evaluating the microbial growth, acidity changes, protein content, and sensory changes in raw milk and pasteurized milk during storage, it was found that when Plantaricin FB-2 was added at 0.4 g/kg, the shelf life of raw milk was extended by 3 days (7 days if not added). The shelf life of pasteurized milk with Plantaricin FB-2 was extended to 31 days (25 days in the control group), and the optimal amount was 0.3 g/kg. This confirmed that Plantaricin FB-2 can effectively prolong the shelf life of raw and pasteurized milk. This study provides valuable information for the application of bacteriocins produced by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum in raw milk and pasteurized milk to improve their shelf life.
Simple and Robust RSSI Estimation Using M-Estimator

Accurate estimation of the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) from a set of sequentially measured ones is essential for a number of practical applications including link quality evaluation for sensor network routing, indoor wireless localization and more recently, handover in health monitoring systems. This paper develops a simple and robust RSSI estimation algorithm that can effectively mitigate the magnitude variation in the RSSI measurements due to the combined effects of fast fading and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) signal propagation. The new method is based on the robust M-estimator and we propose a simple approach that requires bisection search only to obtain the robust RSSI estimate. Computer simulations corroborate the validity of the theoretical developments and demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed technique over commonly adopted RSSI estimation methods including the simple moving average, the discrete Kalman filter and the exponential smoothing.
Bimodules for Cuntz-Krieger algebras of infinite matrices

We show that any Cuntz-Krieger algebra A over an infinite 0–1 matrix A may be realised as a Cuntz-Pimsner algebra X for a Hilbert bimodule X over a suitable Abelian C*-algebra with totally disconnected spectrum. Using Pimsner's six-term exact sequence for the KK-groups we calculate the K-groups of A. We also give a description of the corresponding Toeplitz algebra X in terms of generators and relations.
Jeans self gravitational instability of strongly coupled quantum plasma

The Jeans self-gravitational instability is studied for quantum plasma composed of weakly coupled degenerate electron fluid and non-degenerate strongly coupled ion fluid. The formulation for such system is done on the basis of two fluid theory. The dynamics of weakly coupled degenerate electron fluid is governed by inertialess momentum equation. The quantum forces associated with the quantum diffraction effects and the quantum statistical effects act on the degenerate electron fluid. The strong correlation effects of ion are embedded in generalized viscoelastic momentum equation including the viscoelasticity and shear viscosities of ion fluid. The general dispersion relation is obtained using the normal mode analysis technique for the two regimes of propagation, i.e., hydrodynamic and kinetic regimes. The Jeans condition of self-gravitational instability is also obtained for both regimes, in the hydrodynamic regime it is observed to be affected by the ion plasma oscillations and quantum parameter while in the kinetic regime in addition to ion plasma oscillations and quantum parameter, it is also affected by the ion velocity which is modified by the viscosity generated compressional effects. The Jeans critical wave number and corresponding critical mass are also obtained for strongly coupled quantum plasma for both regimes.
Predefined-time attitude takeover control of spacecraft with quantized states

This article addresses the problem of predefined-time attitude takeover control (PTATC) of spacecraft by using cellular satellites with limited inter-satellite communication capacity. To reduce the communication burden in the wireless networks, a dynamic uniform quantizer is employed to quantize the attitude signals and angular velocity signals measured by the sensor cellular satellites (SCSs). Besides, a static uniform quantizer is used to quantize the control torque signal generated by the controller cellular satellite (CCS). A predefined-time quantized attitude control law is designed, which can compensate for the quantization error. The proposed PTATC scheme can reduce the communication burden among the cellular satellites and achieve the desired angular velocity and attitude of the combined spacecraft within the predefined-time on the premise of ensuring the system performance. Under the proposed control law, all the signals in the closed-loop system can converge into a bounded region within a predefined-time. Finally, numerical simulations are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
SPORTS INJURIES IN HIGH-LEVEL AEROBIC GYMNASTICS ATHLETES

ABSTRACT Introduction: With the rapid development of aerobic gymnastics worldwide, research is required to constantly increase. Objective: Analyze the main causes of sports injuries, proposing measures for prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation, as well as providing a theoretical basis for reducing the risk of sports injuries and actively seeking ways and measures to prevent and treat sports injuries in aerobic gymnastics athletes. Methods: Statistical-mathematical analysis was used, mainly including the coefficient of variation method, correlation matrix method, and factor analysis. The common variable of the trend of sports injuries was found. Results: The research shows that the scientific awareness, self-protection, and injury prevention of aerobic gymnastics training strengthen the ideological education and theoretical guidance of athletes, improve athletes' awareness of sports injuries, regulate technical specifications, strengthen fitness training and improve Chinese competitive aerobics. Conclusion: In the healthy period before injuries, we should take various measures to improve physical fitness and skills, enabling good health work in the acute period after injuries and understanding the working principle of early diagnosis and treatment to better use treatment time. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
GTD for backscattering from elastic spheres and cylinders in water and the coupling of surface elastic waves with the acoustic field

The geometrical theory of diffraction (GTD) has been extended to describe surface elastic wave (SEW) contributions to backscattering from spheres and cylinders in water at high frequencies. The coupling (described by a coefficient Gl ) of the lth class of SEW with the acoustic field and the resulting contribution fl to the form function for solid spheres were previously derived [K. L. Williams and P. L. Marston, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 79, 1702–1708 (1986)] via a Sommerfeld–Watson transformation (SWT). That work gave a Fabry–Perot representation of fl . A similar representation was postulated by applying the principles of GTD to the Lamb wave contributions to backscattering from empty cylindrical shells [V. Borovikov and N. Veksler, Wave Motion 7, 143–152 (1985)]. In either case, ‖ fl ‖=‖Gl exp[−2βl ×(π−θl )]/[1+j exp(−2πβl +i2πkac/cl )]‖ ,where j=1 for spheres and j=−1 for cylinders, each of radius a. The SEW phase velocity and attenuation coefficient are cl and βl , sin θl =c/cl , and c and k are the veloc.