Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Statistical analysis of electric-arc-furnace parameter variations

During scrap melting, electric-arc-furnace parameters such as voltage and current, real and reactive power, resistance and reactance etc. exhibit significant variations about longer term mean values. The parameters can be considered to be random variables. The statistical properties of the parameter variations have been evaluated in this paper using data recorded on two 65 MVA furnaces. It is shown that the random variations of a broad range of parameters can be considered to be weakly stationary, but that the variations generally do not follow a Gaussian probability distribution. A significant correlation was found between the resistance and reactance variations per phase. The measured data was used to develop a strategy whereby the mean and standard deviation of the random variations could be measured online, with good accuracy, using conventionally available data-acquisition equipment. It is shown that an improperly chosen sampling strategy can yield quite misleading results.
Unravelling Morphological and Topological Energy Contributions of Metal Nanoparticles

Metal nanoparticles (NPs) are ubiquitous in many fields, from nanotechnology to heterogeneous catalysis, with properties differing from those of single-crystal surfaces and bulks. A key aspect is the size-dependent evolution of NP properties toward the bulk limit, including the adoption of different NP shapes, which may bias the NP stability based on the NP size. Herein, the stability of different Pdn NPs (n = 10–1504 atoms) considering a myriad of shapes is investigated by first-principles energy optimisation, leading to the determination that icosahedron shapes are the most stable up to a size of ca. 4 nm. In NPs larger than that size, truncated octahedron shapes become more stable, yet a presence of larger {001} facets than the Wulff construction is forecasted due to their increased stability, compared with (001) single-crystal surfaces, and the lower stability of {111} facets, compared with (111) single-crystal surfaces. The NP cohesive energy breakdown in terms of coordination numbers is found to be an excellent quantitative tool of the stability assessment, with mean absolute errors of solely 0.01 eV·atom−1, while a geometry breakdown allows only for a qualitative stability screening.
Recommended Distribution Coefficients, Kd Values, for Special Analysis Risk Calculations Related to Waste Disposal and Tank Closure on the Savannah River Site

The purpose of this document is to provide a technically defensible list of distribution coefficients, or Kd values, for use in performance assessment (PA) and special analysis (SA) calculations on the SRS. Only Kd values for radionuclides that have new information related to them or that have recently been recognized as being important are discussed in this report. Some 150 Kd values are provided in this report for various waste-disposal or tank-closure environments: soil, corrosion in grout, oxidizing grout waste, gravel, clay, and reducing concrete environments. Documentation and justification for the selection of each Kd value is provided.
Product Design Selection Under Uncertainty and With Competitive Advantage

This paper presents an approach wherein product design is viewed as a selection process with two main stages: design alternative generation and design alternative evaluation, The focus of this paper is mainly on a design alternative evaluation model in that designer's preferences, customers' preferences, and market competition are accounted for in order to select the best possible design. In the model, uncertainties in the product design life, market size and its yearly change, cost and its yearly change, price, and discount rate are considered. Product design selection of a cordless screwdriver is used as a demonstration example. However, the emphasis in the example is on the approach, and not on the details per se.
Extended tuning range RF MEMS variable capacitors using electrostatic and electrothermal actuators

In recent years, much efforts have been dedicated to the development of variable RF capacitors, a device which can take a clear benefit of MEMS technology. The most widely designed variable MEMS capacitors have an electrostatic force as actuation principle. This implies a limitation in the controlled tuning range due to the pull-in effect. In this paper we study and design three solutions in order to improve the controlled tuning range of RF MEMS variable capacitors, based both on electrostatic and electrothermal actuation principles and manufactured with the PolyMUMPSTM process. Measurements of a conventional electrostatically-actuated variable capacitor are compared to measurements of three variable capacitors with extended tuning range, based on the two above mentioned actuation principles, with the main purpose of improving the pull-in limitation and assessing and comparing their behaviour and, especially, their tuning ranges. The most important advantages and disadvantages of extendended tuning range capacitors are identified and are here reported and empirically characterized, focusing in device repeatability, understood as capacity deviation due to large capacity sensitivity to tuning voltage, for small gaps between electrodes, which arises from the strongly non-linear behaviour of the capacity vs the gap between electrodes.
High-speed small-scale InGaP/GaAs HBT technology and its application to integrated circuits

We have developed the advanced performance, small-scale InGaP/GaAs heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) by using WSi/Ti base electrode and buried SiO/sub 2/ in the extrinsic collector. The base-collector capacitance C/sub BC/ was further reduced to improve high-frequency performance. Improving the uniformity of the buried SiO/sub 2/, reducing the area of the base electrode, and optimizing the width of the base-contact enabled us to reduce the parasitic capacitance in the buried SiO/sub 2/ region by 50% compared to our previous devices. The cutoff frequency f/sub T/ of 156 GHz and the maximum oscillation frequency f/sub max/ of 255 GHz were obtained at a collector current I/sub C/ of 3.5 mA for the HBT with an emitter size S/sub E/ of 0.5/spl times/4.5 /spl mu/m/sup 2/, and f/sub T/ of 114 GHz and f/sub max/ of 230 GHz were obtained at I/sub C/ of 0.9 mA for the HBT with S/sub E/ of 0.25/spl times/1.5 /spl mu/m/sup 2/. We have also fabricated digital and analog circuits using these HBTs. A 1/8 static frequency divider operated at a maximum toggle frequency of 39.5 GHz with a power consumption per flip-flop of 190 mW. A transimpedance amplifier provides a gain of 46.5 dB/spl middot//spl Omega/ with a bandwidth of 41.6 GHz at a power consumption of 150 mW. These results indicate the great potential of our HBTs for high-speed, low-power circuit applications.
12. Retinopathy, Neuropathy, and Foot Care: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2022.

The American Diabetes Association (ADA) "Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes" includes the ADA's current clinical practice recommendations and is intended to provide the components of diabetes care, general treatment goals and guidelines, and tools to evaluate quality of care. Members of the ADA Professional Practice Committee, a multidisciplinary expert committee (https://doi.org/10.2337/dc22-SPPC), are responsible for updating the Standards of Care annually, or more frequently as warranted. For a detailed description of ADA standards, statements, and reports, as well as the evidence-grading system for ADA's clinical practice recommendations, please refer to the Standards of Care Introduction (https://doi.org/10.2337/dc22-SINT). Readers who wish to comment on the Standards of Care are invited to do so at professional.diabetes. org/SOC.
17.2: Detectability and Annoyance of Synthetic Blocky and Blurry Video Artifacts

In order to study video artifacts and their effect on perceived quality, it is desirable to create synthetic artifacts that are less complex than compression artifacts, yet have the same appearance. These should be produced by a standard method, be adjustable and combinable, and produce a wide range of quality. This paper describes a method for generating two synthetic artifacts, shows that they have these properties and that their thresholds and annoyance values are closely related to those of MPEG‐2 artifacts.
Design criteria of high efficiency SPM synchronous motors

This paper deals with the design criteria of high efficiency PM synchronous motors. The goal is not pursued by a reduction of the electric and magnetic loadings (which obviously decrease motor losses) but operating on a set of motor design variables, without increasing the overall dimensions, whose limits are typically imposed as design constraints. The main losses of the motor, i.e. copper losses and iron losses, are considered. An analytical approach is adopted to make the results readily transferable to machines of any size. The effect of the number of slots and of the ratio between the inner and the outer diameter on the motor lows has been studied. The possibility to design a stator with a tooth length lower than the total core length, using soft magnetic composites, has been investigated. Finally, a criteria to evaluate the convenience to use a non-overlapping winding has been proposed.
A semi-analytical, two-dimensional model for AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility-transistor Schottky currents at high reverse voltages

A semi-analytical model is derived for the reverse Schottky gate current in AlGaN-GaN high-electron-mobility-transistors (HEMTs) in off-state at high drain voltage. At elevated drain voltages, the depletion of the two-dimensional electron gas (2-DEG) not only exists directly underneath the gate contact but also extends from the gate towards the drain. This increases the electric fields at the gate edge on the drain side, which causes an increase in the gate leakage current. In this paper, a new method is proposed to calculate the electric fields at the gate edge using conformal mapping of the charge configuration in the device. This method also allows calculation of the influence of charges trapped at the interface between the semiconductor and the passivation layer next to the gate. It is shown that direct tunneling is the dominant current mechanism at high drain voltages, such that the current becomes insensitive to temperature variation. Interface charges next to the gate exert a large influence on the high voltage leakage current. It is argued that temperature variations of the high voltage leakage current are caused by temperature dependent changes in trapped charge.
Cysteinyl Leukotriene Pathway and Cancer

Cancer remains a leading cause of death worldwide, despite many advances being made in recent decades. Changes in the tumor microenvironment, including dysregulated immunity, may contribute to carcinogenesis and cancer progression. The cysteinyl leukotriene (CysLT) pathway is involved in several signal pathways, having various functions in different tissues. We summarized major findings of studies about the roles of the CysLT pathway in cancer. Many in vitro studies suggested the roles of CysLTs in cell survival/proliferation via CysLT1 receptor (CysLT1R). CysLT1R antagonism decreased cell vitality and induced cell death in several types of cancer cells, such as colorectal, urological, breast, lung and neurological malignancies. CysLTs were also associated with multidrug resistance of cancer, and CysLT1R antagonism might reverse chemoresistance. Some animal studies demonstrated the beneficial effects of CysLT1R antagonist in inhibiting tumorigenesis and progression of some cancer types, particularly colorectal cancer and lung cancer. The expression of CysLT1R was shown in various cancer tissues, particularly colorectal cancer and urological malignancies, and higher expression was associated with a poorer prognosis. The chemo-preventive effects of CysLT1R antagonists were demonstrated in two large retrospective cohort studies. In summary, the roles of the CysLT pathway in cancer have been delineated, whereas further studies are still warranted.
An introduction to USITC enterprise analysis

The United States Integrated Textile Complex (USITC) consists of fiber, textile, apparel, and retail firms who manufacture and distribute natural and synthetic fiber products. In today`s competitive global economy, USITC companies who team together to form supply chains require relationships which promote responsiveness to consumer demand, encourage business partnerships, and make effective use of resources. These supply chains, or pipelines, are being analyzed to improve time and cost performance. Enterprise analysis is the application of analysis methods and simulation tools to predict integrated performance of these pipelines. Through the use of scenario analysis, various alternatives in pipeline coordination and configuration can be assessed. Simply put, the end result is to design the pipeline so that the product the customer demands is delivered, in the right place, at the right time. In September 1996, industrial participants of the Demand Activated Manufacturing Architecture (DAMA) project completed the Phase 1 pipeline analysis study. The analysis identified opportunities to improve productivity and efficiency among five supply chain members, and proposed a generic modeling architecture and methodology that, if implemented, would identify actions necessary to improve supply-chain coordination among its members. The architecture and methodology are being pursued during the Phase 2 analysis, which is scheduled to be completed by the end of FY 1997. The goal of the Phase 2 analysis is to propose actionable recommendations to supply-chain members leading to a reduction of pipeline lead-time by 50%.
Pyrolytic Behavior of Long-Chain Alkyl Quaternary Ammonium Bromide Inside Nanopores

The pyrolytic behavior of organic matter inside nanopores was studied by simultaneous thermogravimetric/differential scanning calorimetry analyzer coupled with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (STA/TG-FTIR). Nanoporous silica was prepared by a hydrothermal method using long-chain alkyl quaternary ammonium bromide (CnTAB, n = 12, 14) as a template. The pyrolytic behavior of CnTAB inside nanopores with different diameters was investigated and compared with that of CnTAB inside and outside nanopores. The results showed that the pyrolytic removal process consisted of the following features: 1) CnTAB underwent carbon chain decomposition and oxidation; 2) the DSC exothermal peak of CnTAB came mainly from its oxidative combustion, and the oxidative combustion temperature decreased with increasing pore size; 3) the CnTAB inside nanopores underwent crystallization–amorphous state phase transition, and CnTAB got trapped inside the calcined nanopores. In addition, the pyrolytic behavior of CnTAB inside the calcined nanopores was found to be similar to that of the uncalcined nanopores. This study aims to understand the storage and transformation processes of organic hydrocarbons under nanopore-confinement effect.
A Review Paper on Filtering Of Unwanted Messages from OSN User Wall Using Content-Based Filtering Method

In today On-line Social Networks (OSNs), one fundamental issue is to give users the ability to control the messages posted on their own private space to avoid that unwanted content is displayed. Up to now OSNs provide little support to this requirement. To fill the gap, we built a system which allows OSN users to have a direct control on the messages posted on their walls. This is achieved through a flexible rule-based system, that allows a user to customize the filtering criteria to be applied to their walls, and a Machine Learning based soft classifier automatically labelling messages in support of content-based filtering.
Mechanisms underlying the phenomenon of cluster formation in the textile/apparel industry in Pakistan

The objective of this study is to analyze the ability of Pakistan’s textile industry to broaden and upgrade its competitive positions in the face of increasing international competition. It suggests a conceptual framework of organisational characteristics influencing the process and formation of clusters. Clusters are a driving force in increasing exports and magnets for attracting foreign investment. The cluster concept represents a new way of thinking about national, state, and city economies, and points to new roles for companies, governments, and other institutions striving to enhance competitiveness. The paper is based on empirical analysis of the organizational characteristics and intra-cluster interchange in the textile/apparel industry of Pakistan. It represents the results obtained from the information collected from 39 establishments by a structured questionnaire. It examines the institutional context with which the firms of the textile/apparel industry in Pakistan operate and analyses the local linkage pattern and cluster formation process of this industry in Pakistan. Some policy implications for the growth and sustained competitiveness of this industry in Pakistan are considered and discussed in this paper.
Desain Filter Aktif dengan Skema Fuzzy Logic Controller untuk Mereduksi Harmonisa

Harmonics are known as one of the causes of decline in the quality of the electrical power system, which can cause a negative impact on electronic equipment. Harmonics reduction that has been achieved with the passive filters is not quite satisfactory, thus development of active filters is required. This research proposes the use of parallel active filter design using a three-level inverter with the scheme of Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) that is used to reduce harmonics. The use of three stages Multilevel Inverter (MLI) on parallel active filter has several advantages that are lowering harmonic distortion and reducing stress switching. From the simulation results, it was obtained that three parallel active filters were capable of reducing the level of harmonic currents and voltages at the source; THDi before installation of the filter was equal to 26,16% and can be lowered to 2,42%. While THDv was reduced from 0,45% to 0,17%. Fifth-order harmonics is the most disturbing harmonic component, in which the value of IHDi before installing the filter is equal to 21,44% and reduce to 1,2% after the installation of the active filter.
Modeling, fabrication and stress compensation of an epitaxial thin film piezoelectric microscale energy scavenging device

This paper focuses on a renewable power source for wireless sensor nodes via energy scavenging using thin film piezoelectrics. The novelty of this research is the growth of epitaxial PZT on a Si platform. The films were grown with good consistency using pulsed laser deposition. Using the optimized piezoelectric film properties, an analytical model was generated to predict the output power for a single cantilever, 5.5 nW/beam. Further, if arrays of the cantilevers were packed into a cubic centimeter, the output power would be 80–200 µW cm−3. A microfabrication technique was developed to manufacture the cantilevers using standard low-temperature procedures. As the devices demonstrated a significant residual stress upon release, an analytical model was created to predict the residual stress in the films from the high-temperature growth step. A neutral argon bombardment technique was then established to compensate for these stresses and to develop a planar usable device. The initial device fabrication was successful and testing was done to determine resonant frequency, quality factor and output power. The experimental resonant frequency response compared well with what was determined by the model, but the quality factor was 95, which was lower than expected. The output power per cantilever was 24.5 pW over a 510 MΩ load operating over an input vibration of 10 m s−2 and at resonant frequency (976 Hz).
Resource Allocation Algorithm Based on Power Control and Dynamic Transmission Protocol Configuration for HAPS-IMT Integrated System

The high altitude platform station (HAPS) system is an essential component of the air-based network. It can shorten transmission delay and make a better user experience compared with satellite networks, and it can also be easily deployed and cover a larger area compared with international mobile telecommunications (IMT). In order to meet the needs of users with asymmetric and random data flow, the spectrum sharing and dynamic time division duplexing (TDD) mode are used in HAPS-IMT heterogeneous network. However, the cross-link interference brought by TDD mode will lead to the degradation of system performance. In this paper, a resource allocation algorithm based on power control and dynamic transmission protocol configuration is proposed. Firstly, a specific timeslot, “low power almost-bank subframe (LP-ABS)”, is introduced into the frame structure of the HAPS physical layer. The transmission protocol designing could mitigate inter-layer interference efficiently by power control in “LP-ABS”. Secondly, the utilization function is adopted for assessing the system performance, which gives attention to both diversified requirements on the quality of services (QoS) and the throughput of the HAPS-IMT system. Simulation results show that power control and resource allocation technologies proposed in this paper can effectively improve system performance and user satisfaction.
3D Dynamic Linear Electromagnetic Actuator Modeling and Simulation

Abstract: Single coil actuators are representing one important component of ABB's medium voltage reclosers. Their performance is strongly influenced by the considered material properties as well as by the electronic control units' properties that will power the actuator. Therefore, this paper focuses on electromagnetic actuators modeling and simulation in COMSOL Multiphysics®.
Time Series Classification using Shape Features based on Angle Statistics

Séries temporais possuem grande aplicabilidade nos mais diversos cenários, incluindo os domínios científicos, agrícola, econômico, entre outros. Portanto, criar representações efetivas de uma série temporal é uma tarefa desafiadora, pois possibilita análises mais precisas e, consequentemente, obtenção de resultados e conclusões mais assertivas em diversas tarefas de aprendizado de máquina. Uma das principais tarefas associadas é a classificação, que pode ser realizada a partir de diferentes representações computacionais das séries temporais. Este trabalho tem como principal objetivo melhorar a eficácia de tarefas de classificação, utilizando uma representação das séries temporais obtida pelo algoritmo Beam Angle Statistics, um extrator de características de contorno baseado em estatísticas angulares.
Bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity of selected bryophytes: relatively neglected plants

Abstract Bryophytes, being oldest terrestrial plants, are still relatively less explored for their bioactive compounds and therapeutic potential. In the present study nine bryophytes collected from Mount Abu (72.7083°E 24.5925°N) Rajasthan, India, showed significant total flavonoid and phenolic contents. Overall, the study projects the selected bryophytes as potential antioxidant agents.
Tillage and crop rotation effects on subsurface drainage response to rainfall

A field study was conducted to determine if tillage and crop rotation affected subsurface drainage response to rainfall. An instrumentation system collected subsurface drain flow data from thirty-six, 0.4 ha plots during the 1993, 1994 and 1995 growing seasons. Response time, time-to-peak drain flow rate, drainage volume, peak drain flow rate and percent preferential flow were compared between two tillage systems (no-till and chisel plow) and two crop rotations (continuous corn and corn-soybean) for 23 drainage events over the three-year study. The influence of preferential flow was estimated for each drainage event using a hydrograph separation procedure based on subsurface drain flow rate changes.