Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cities Afoot—Pedestrians, Walkability and Urban Design

Over the past century pedestrian access has declined steadily in most cities. With some exceptions, such as underground metro systems, each advance in transportation technology—from horse-drawn streetcar, to electric streetcar, ongrade and elevated railways, automobile and superhighway, airplane and airport—has degraded the pedestrian environment. High-speed traffic broke up the fine-grained pedestrian network and imposed barriers to free movement on foot. In ignoring the pedestrian experience, the street lost its intimate scale and transparency, and became a mere service road, devoid of public life. Modernist planning and design separated pedestrians from the automobile, shunting them off to raised plazas, skywalks, barren ‘greenways’, and sterile pedestrian malls. Alternative designs such as the pedestrian/automobile separation of post-war new towns such as Vallingby and Cumbernauld were eventually dismissed as failures or at best quirky examples from a past time. Downtown pedestrian spaces—from pedestrian malls, to festival market places and indoor shopping centres—either failed to attract pedestrians or when they did, were attacked as disconnected bubbles of activity. The automobile-oriented values of classical modernism have been codified in the transportation and street design standards that we struggle with today. Street patterns of most residential areas in the US built after 1950 (and emulated in new development worldwide) are based on the discontinuous cul-de-sac or loop pattern rather than the interconnected grid. Block sizes are too large to permit a range of route choices and land use patterns are coarse with activities widely spaced and segregated by type. Streets are over-scaled and frequently lack sidewalks in order to reduce construction and maintenance costs. Pedestrian linkages, present in classic designs such as Hampstead Garden Suburb and Radburn, are absent. Even in Asia and Europe, traditional centres of nonmotorized transportation, automobile use is on the rise. For decades urban designers have advocated more walkable cities but without much success in most locations. Finally, with new health research, governmental incentives and new regulations, as well as increased activism by pedestrians and bicyclists, the situation has begun to change. The case for better design and planning of the pedestrian environment is strong. Walkability is the foundation for the sustainable city. Like bicycling, walking is a ‘green’ mode of transport that not only reduces congestion, but also has low environmental impact, conserving energy without air and noise pollution. It can be more than a purely utilitarian mode of travel for trips to work, school or shopping, and can have both social and recreational value. It is also a socially equitable mode of transport that is available to a majority of the population, across classes, including children and seniors. Many recent health studies have demonstrated that walking Journal of Urban Design, Vol. 13. No. 1, 1–3, February 2008
A Pedagogical Strategy for Gradual Enhancement of Creative Performance of the Students

SUMMARY The objective of this paper is to describe a pedagogical strategy for gradual enhancement of creative performance among students by using interdisciplinary hands-on projects. A study was conducted comparing 66 students' performances on creativity in three classes—Fall 1996, Spring 1997 and Fall 1997—consisting of juniors and seniors at Temple University. All the students were tested on the creative opportunities actually taught by the projects presented to the students, theoretical aspects of creativity on a specially designed test and the learning process. The results of evaluation on the creativity of the models, the theory tests and the learning process indicated that the pedagogical strategy did help in gradually enhancing the creativity performance of the students.
Modeling of Pneumatic Actuator System for High Performance Nonlinear Controller Design

Modern applications in robotics such as teleoperations and haptics require high performance force actuators. Pneumatic actuators have significant advantages over electrical motors in terms of force-to-mass ratio. However, position and force control of these actuators in applications that require high bandwidth is not trivial because of the compressibility of air and highly non-linear flow through pneumatic system components. In this paper, we develop a detailed model of a pneumatic actuator system comprised of a double acting cylinder and a proportional servo valve to be used in position, force or hybrid position and force control.Copyright © 2004 by ASME
Application of a model for treatment of time dependent effects on irradiation of microelectronic devices

A simple model for interpreting and extrapolating time-dependent effects in the irradiation of microelectronic devices is tested by fitting its predictions to published and previously unpublished experimental data. The goal is to evaluate the applicability of such a model to hardness assurance testing in cases where defect growth and annealing processes (time-dependent effects) are significant. Data are presented indicating hole annealing times varying by more than six orders of magnitude. The implications of the large variation in hole annealing times for hardness assurance testing are explored. >
The impact of high-/spl kappa/ gate dielectrics and metal gate electrodes on sub-100 nm MOSFETs

The potential impact of high-/spl kappa/ gate dielectrics on device short-channel performance is studied over a wide range of dielectric permittivities using a two-dimensional (2-D) simulator implemented with quantum mechanical models. It is found that the short-channel performance degradation is caused by the fringing fields from the gate to the source/drain regions. These fringing fields in the source/drain regions further induce electric fields from the source/drain to channel which weakens the gate control. The gate dielectric thickness-to-length aspect ratio is a proper parameter to quantify the percentage of the fringing field and thus the short channel performance degradation. In addition, the gate stack architecture plays an important role in the determination of the device short-channel performance degradation. Using double-layer gate stack structures and low-/spl kappa/ dielectric as spacer materials can well confine the electric fields within the channel thereby minimizing short-channel performance degradation. The introduction of a metal gate not only eliminates the poly gate depletion effect, but also improves short-channel performance. Several approaches have been proposed to adjust the proper threshold voltage when midgap materials or metal gates are used.
Sunshine duration climatology and trends in association with other climatic factors over India for 1970-2006

Changes in sunshine duration in association with total cloud amount, rainy days and good visibility days over India were examined for 1970-2006. Climatologically, annual total sunshine duration over west Rajasthan and adjoining Gujarat is more than 3100 hours which is ideal for harnessing solar energy over these regions. The trend analysis indicates significant decrease in sunshine duration over the country for all months (except June) and the maximum decrease has taken place in January (-0.44 hour/decade) followed by December (-0.39 hour/decade). Seasonally, decline in sunshine hours is highest in winter and post monsoon (4% per decade) and lowest in monsoon (3% per decade). Decadal variations indicate maximum decrease in sunshine over the Indo-Gangetic plains and south peninsula during 1990-1999. Spatially, the decreasing trends in sunshine hours are highest in Indo-Gangetic plains and south peninsula while regions over Rajasthan and Gujarat have lowest decrease. Out of 40 stations under study, the maximum decrease in sunshine has occurred at New Delhi (winter at 13% per decade and post monsoon at 10% per decade) and Varanasi (summer and monsoon at 7% per decade). Correlation analysis of sunshine duration with total cloud amount, rainy days and good visibility days indicates regional and seasonal variations in factors explaining the long term trends in sunshine duration over the country.
Chinese Grounded Theory Based on the Bibliometric Analysis of CSSCI Journals in Recent Ten Years

Grounded theory, as a hot topic in management research, is widely used by scholars due to its scientific nature and objectivity. In this work, 466 Chinese kinds of literature published in CSSCI journals from 2011 to 2020 were selected, and CiteSpace V5.7 software was used to comprehensively describe the characteristics of published quantity, authors, issuing institutions, etc. Also, keywords and their clustering, emergent words, time plot, etc., were analyzed and interpreted. It is found that although grounded theory started late in China, it has been gradually rising and recognized by scholars. On the other hand, it has been widely studied in the fields of management, education, economics, sports, etc., and has a more in-depth study on influencing factors and theoretical construction. It is hoped that the localization research and application of grounded theory in the field of Chinese management will be further discussed.
ESIMD: Epileptic seizure identification using metaheuristic deep learning technique

The identification of epileptic seizure from electroencephalogram (EEG) segments is significant for seizure identification and classification. In epilepsy, the patients develop epileptic seizures. These lead to neurological disorders and abnormal brain activities. The manual identification of seizures is not very efficient. As the manual analysis of EEG data requires expert neurologists it is prone to inaccuracies. Therefore, automated methods for seizure identification are required. Deep learning methods have shown efficiency in the seizure classification problem. Many challenges are faced by the existing methods owing to the properties of the EEG signals like transiency, non‐stationary behaviour and presence of noise. Therefore, to overcome these challenges and design a highly efficient method an automated method based on deep learning and spotted hyena optimization (SHO) algorithm is proposed. The SHO algorithm is used to initialize the network as it avoids the local minima problem. Epileptic seizure identification using metaheuristic deep learning (ESIMD) is proposed in this paper which is a hybridization of spotted hyena and deep convolution network. The convolutional neural network used has two blocks, the first block is used for feature extraction and the second block for seizure classification. ESIMD is used for seizure detection and classification. The proposed algorithm can handle the complex and large number of features in EEG signals. The performance of the proposed is evaluated by applying it on EEG Bonn Dataset. The results are compared with 13 other conventional methods. The comparative study shows that ESIMD gives higher accuracy than the existing methods.
Multi-objective capacity planning for agile semiconductor manufacturing

Recent semiconductor business requires an agile fabrication facility (fab) that produces wafers in short cycle time and at low production cost to promote customer satisfaction. In this paper, a multi-objective capacity planning methodology is considered. First, a semiconductor wafer fab is modelled as an open queueing network in which each tool group is a node with a GI/G/m queue. Then, cycle time and production cost are modelled as functions of the number of tools of each tool group and of the throughput of each product. This enables to propose a capacity planning which has a property to quantify the trade-off between cycle time and production cost. The proposed capacity planning can be used to determine a tool-set configuration that satisfies required levels of cycle time and production cost with budget constraint, and to quantify the effect of fab scale on cycle time and production cost. The proposed capacity planning is also applied to the SEMATECH data to show how the following phenomena can be measured. (1) The larger the fab scale, the shorter the cycle time and the lower the production cost. (2) One-machine tool group causes higher production cost or longer waiting time in minifabs. (3) Versatile tools decrease the minimum fab scale that satisfies the required cycle time and production cost.
The Fullerton Fitness Test as an index of fitness in the elderly Test Fullerton jako miernik sprawności fizycznej osób starszych

General fitness establishes the quality of life, but it often decreases with age. Therefore, it becomes vital to find out a method of evaluationof individual fitness level and to design a targeted exercise programme. Assessment tools used hitherto, i.e. the Katz index, the Lawton scale, the Barthel index or the Eurofit tests for adults conducted using cycloergometer, have not met the expectations of researchers and practitioners. Physical fitness parameters such as strentgth, flexibility, coordination and endurance cannot be determined using these tools. They do not specify fitness parameters like strength and muscular endurance, mobility, dexterity, speed, body balance, motor coordination, reaction time, flexibility…. All these parameters can be measured by the Fullerton Functional Fitness Test, invented by Roberta E. Rikli and C. Jessie Jones in the Lifespan Wellness Clinic at California State University in Fullerton. It uses 6 items to assess these parameters. Because of limitations resulting from age and coexisting diseases, it is required that some easy and safe motor patterns are used that should be based on everyday-day activities. It is safe for the adults, requires minimal equipment and can measure small unit changes. It is suitable even for patients with cardiovascular disease. If performed both before and after an individualized training, it enables identification of a problem, providing a targeted intervention programme and evaluation of its effects.
Optimized design of a V-type interior permanent magnet synchronous machine for new energy vehicles

Interior V-type permanent magnet (PM) machines are widely used in new energy vehicles due to their merits of high efficiency, high power density, and wide speed range. To meet the requirement of the elderly mobility scooter, a 380V/2.2kW V-type interior PM machine is designed and analyzed in this paper. Firstly, the structure parameters of the Vtype interior PM machine are derived. Then, the basic electromagnetic properties of the PM machine including the no-load air gap flux density, back-EMF, armature reaction flux density, output torque, etc. are investigated. Finally, the dimensions of the V-type PM including the width, thickness, and inclination angle are optimized to obtain better electromagnetic performance. Compared with the performance before optimization, the torque ripple of the PM machine is reduced by 33.53% and the efficiency is improved by 0.88% after optimization.
Transcriptomics Analysis of Lens from Patients with Posterior Subcapsular Congenital Cataract

To gain insight into the aetiology of posterior subcapsular congenital cataract from the perspective of transcriptional changes, we conducted an mRNA sequencing analysis of the lenses in posterior subcapsular congenital cataract patients and in normal children. There were 1533 differentially expressed genes from 19,072 genes in the lens epithelial cells of the posterior subcapsular congenital cataract patients compared to in the normal controls at a cut-off criteria of |log2 fold change| of >1 and a p-value of <0.05, including 847 downregulated genes and 686 upregulated genes. To further narrow down the DEGs, we utilised the stricter criteria of |log2 fold change| of >1 and an FDR value of <0.05, and we identified 551 DEGs, including 97 upregulated genes and 454 downregulated genes. This study also identified 1263 differentially expressed genes of the 18,755 genes in lens cortex and nuclear fibres, including 646 downregulated genes and 617 upregulated genes. The downregulated genes in epithelial cells were significantly enriched in the structural constituent of lenses, lens development and lens fibre cell differentiation. After filtering the DEGs using the databases iSyTE and Cat-Map, several high-priority candidate genes related to posterior subcapsular congenital cataract such as GRIFIN, HTRA1 and DAPL1 were identified. The findings of our study may provide a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of posterior subcapsular congenital cataract and help in the prevention and treatment of this disease.
Localización de videojuegos: peritextos materiales e icónicos

El sector de los videojuegos es, a efectos academicos y profesionales, apenas un sector recien nacido con muchos recovecos desconocidos todavia por explorar. Son pocos los estudios en el ambito de la traduccion y la interpretacion que profundicen en este sector y muchos profesionales desconocen todas las dinamicas que se estan siguiendo en la practica profesional de la localizacion. En este articulo definiremos la nocion de localizacion, con el significado tan amplio que el propio termino posee, para posteriormente presentar dos claros ejemplos de localizacion que estan presentes en el dia a dia del sector pero de los que muy pocos son conscientes. ABSTRACT From an academic and professional perspectives the video game industry is just a newborn industry with many unknown nooks still to be explored. Few studies in the field of translation and interpretation have examined this industry more deeply, and many professionals do not know all the dynamics involved in their localization practice. In this article we will define the notion of localization in as broad a manner as the term accepts and we will offer two clear instances of localization that are present in the everyday activities of the industry, but of which few are aware. Keywords: Videogames; Localization; Translation; Paratranslation; Heroes
Modeling MESFETs for intermodulation analysis of mixers and amplifiers

An examination is made of the problem of modeling GaAs MESFETs for calculations of intermodulation and spurious responses. It is shown that an adequate model must express not only the absolute I-V characteristics of the device, but also the derivatives of these characteristics. A large-signal FET model that models these derivatives more realistically than do previous models is proposed. <<ETX>>
Comparison of total dose effects on a voltage reference fabricated on bonded-wafer and polysilicon dielectric isolation

Voltage reference devices, fabricated with two different starting materials, were used as a test vehicle to compare the total dose response of polysilicon dielectric-isolation (Poly-DI) and bonded-wafer versions of a Radiation Hard Silicon Gate (RSG) BiCMOS process. Parts were exposed at 50, 10 and 0.08 rd(Si)/s.
Japanese Anime Fandoms in the UAE: An Exploratory Study on Media Accessibility, Habits and Cultural Perceptions

The satellite TV revolution in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) in the early 1990s precipitated the proliferation of foreign media broadcasts. Japanese anime dubbed into Arabic became the most-watched content in Emirati households, a trend that continues to date because the Japanese entertainment and digital media industry offers youngsters easy access to and diverse options for anime. This paper provides an overview and analysis of the growing popularity of anime fandoms in the UAE to ascertain the level of commitment, involvement and the moral perceptions of Emirati fans vis-à-vis Japanese pop culture. A focus group discussion was conducted in a leading UAE university among the otaku or aficionados of Japanese anime (males and females). The participant responses offered comprehensive insights into the fandom trends of the region and articulated interesting opinions on Japanese pop culture and digital media accessibility. Notably, the findings of this study suggested that the enthusiasm of this fan following is often obstructed rather than celebrated and thus cannot achieve its potential. Therefore, the study finally contemplates how Emirati otaku and their practices may be better supported in UAE.
Small-signal modeling and control of ZVT-PWM boost converters

A small-signal model for zero-voltage-transition pulse width modulation (ZVT-PWM) boost converters is derived in this paper. The accuracy of the developed model is verified by experimental measurement. It shows that the ZVT-PWM boost converters exhibit better dynamical behavior than the conventional PWM boost converters. To achieve output voltage regulation and line voltage disturbance rejection of ZVT-PWM boost converters, a classical controller and a modified integral variable structure controller are designed. The output voltage regulation in the presence of line voltage and load variations for both controllers are compared by experimental results.
Delay-dependent guaranteed cost control for a non-linear stochastic system with distributed delays

Abstract In this paper, the problem of guaranteed cost control for stochastic systems is considered. The system is non-linear, and the delays are distributed. Based on Lyapunov stability theory combined with the linear matrix inequality (LMI) technique, delay-dependent stability and stabilization conditions are proposed. Furthermore, sufficient conditions for the existence of guaranteed cost controllers are derived. Finally, a numerical example is used to illustrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the approaches proposed in this paper.
Cell and tissue culture: research and technology from Islamic perspective

This book is an attempt to capture the principles of human or animal cell culture and issues from Islamic perspective. there are many achievements which were made possible through the development and advancement of science and technology in the area of cell and tissue culture. Nowadays, the technologies available to mankind are far more sophisticated and advanced. Most assuredly, these technologies have, and will make, a great impact on the life of mankind and their wellbeing. Consequently, for Muslims, the concern lies not on the advancement, but on whether the laws and regulations of Islam are wisely and properly inculcated into these progressions of science and technology so that they are parallel to the will and wishes of Allah swt. Considering the breadth of topics covered, the book will be essential reading for the novice and expert alike in various fields and will serve as a valuable reference resource for students and researchers. It provides, from experts in the field, the basis and application of animal cell culture technology, including the use of the cells in recent research as well as Islamic perspective. In essence, this book discusses various dimensions of cell culture in relation to research. This is perhaps the first book of its kind which links one of the purposes of Islamic perspective to research and technology of cell culture.
Nonprofit Board Governance Policy Adoption: Toward an Integrated Board Interlock Network and Institutional Perspectives

Previous research lags behind in illuminating theoretical mechanisms that shape governance decision-making on board practices. Using an integrated theoretical approach, I examine how board interlock network and institutional factors are associated with board governance policy adoption in nonprofit organizations. A linear regression model is employed to investigate policies adopted by a panel of public charities in three cities in Upstate New York during 2008 and 2014. Results show that not only the presence of board interlock networks but also central network positions relate to extensive policy adoption. Results also reveal that the use of paid professionals in management relates to institutional isomorphism reflected by more extensive governance policy adoption. These results provide insights for nonprofit leaders seeking to facilitate good governance practices by paying attention to board members’ affiliations and institutional environment considerations.