Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Environmental assessment and control towards improved swine breeding-gestation-farrowing operation in the Midwestern United States

Aerial emissions from livestock production continue to be an area of attention and concern for both the potential health and environmental impacts. However, information of gaseous, especially greenhouse gas (GHG), emissions for swine breeding/gestation and farrowing production systems is meager. The purpose of this study was to quantify ammonia (NH3), carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O), and methane (CH4) concentrations and emissions from a modern breeding-gestation-farrowing system located in central Iowa, USA. A 4,300-sow farm was selected for the extensive field monitoring which employed a Mobile Air Emission Monitoring Unit equipped with state-of-the-art gas analyzers and a data acquisition system. The monitored portion of the facility consisted of a deep-pit breeding/early gestation (B/EG) barn (1800 head), the deep-pit late gestation (LG) barn (1800 head), and two shallow-pit (pull-plug) farrowing rooms (40 head per room). A dynamic flux chamber was used to monitor gaseous emissions from the external manure storage for the farrowing rooms. Data were collected for 29 consecutive months (January 2011 through June 2013). Daily indoor NH3, CO2, N2O, and CH4 concentrations (ppm, mean
Comparison of Conventional and Fractal Phased Arrays

Abstract : We consider an unweighted conventional phased array and compare its performance characteristics such as the array factor, half-power beamwidth, directivity, number of elements and side-lobe levels to a fractal array equivalent. We show that the Cantor fractal set can be used to thin the array structure in such a way as to consist of active radiating elements and inactive elements the latter of which can be used for other functions. We demonstrate that the conventional array 'defocuses' its energy for frequencies other than its design frequency and behaves like a point source. On the other hand the fractal array maintains its beamforming capability for various frequencies which signifies that it has a multiband response. The fractal array is shown to be superior to the conventional array except when it comes to the side-lobe level where the conventional array results are better.
PRELIMINARY SMART DUST MOTE

The Smart Dust team is attempting to build millimeter scale sensing and communication platforms composing a distributed sensor network [1] that can monitor environmental conditions in both military and commercial applications. These networks will consist of hundreds to thousands of dust motes and a few interrogating transceivers. The motes will be built from integrated circuit and micromachining processes (figure 1) for low cost, low energy consumption, and small size, while communication between the motes and the receiver will be accomplished via a wireless optical communication link. We designed an integrated circuit that generates pseudorandom data when strobed by a laser then directly drives a micromachined corner cube retroreflector (CCR) to passively transmit via the strobing laser beam. The base station that controls the laser pulses will use an optical imaging array to receive the flashing reflections. The circuit runs off a single Zn-Air type 5 hearing aid battery that provides a nominal 1.4V, so we can fit the entire two-way optical communications system in a 5.8mm x 2.4mm package (figure 2) with an enclosed volume of 63mm 3. This chip is the precursor to a fully autonomous sensing, computing, and communications platform for Smart Dust distributed sensor networks. As an initial demonstration of the technology necessary for the Smart Dust motes, we developed the system diagrammed in figure 3, which was fabricated in a 0. 25µm, V t =0.6V CMOS process for reduced voltage supplies and parasitics. The pulsing laser signal is received by an integrated 0.04 mm 2 source diffusion photodiode with a responsivity of ~0.5A/W then converted to a clock signal by a simple transimpedance amplifier[2]. The amplifier (figure 4) was designed for an ambient light level of ~300nW/mm 2 and a laser power of 10mW in a 50x50cm 2 spot size, resulting in an input current between 5 and 100nA. In addition, it requires no biasing, utilizes a PFET in the feedback loop to allow adjustment for the ambient light level, and contains a buffer to generate a binary output and drive the digital circuitry. For a 100nA photocurrent, Vdd=1.4V, and a 1kbps signal, the entire receiver draws a simulated average power of 4µW. The receiver has been fabricated and its functionality demonstrated, but it has not yet been characterized. The binary signal from the optical receiver is used to clock a pseudorandom generator composed of positive-edge triggered flip-flops. An 8-bit linear feedback shift register (LFSR) generates a …
A study of traffic capacity

The results of a traffic capacity study started in june 1934 by the traffic bureau of the ohio state highway department are presented. The data were collected by the photographic method described in volume 13 of the PROCEEDINGS OF THE HIGHWAY RESEARCH BOARD. After a brief description of the method of collecting and tabulating the information, certain selected data are analyzed to secure a measure of the working capacity of a two-lane roadway and the amount of vehicle time lost under varying degrees of congestion. The study of 1180 groups of 100 vehicles each, including not over 10 percent trucks, reveals the average free moving speed to be about 43 miles per hour on either a two or three lane road. When the number of vehicles exceeds 400 to 600 per hour, the average speed decreases and the effect of a few slow-moving vehicles is more pronounced. The mean speed of 859 light trucks was 41.0 miles per hour, and of 225 heavy trucks, 32.4 miles per hour. for 18 buses, the average was 41.6 miles per hour. In the discussion, Mr. Bibbins discusses the method of obtaining over-all speeds over a stretch of highway by recording the tag number of the vehicle entering the stretch and checking the same tag number on leaving. Mr. Canning describes a method of obtaining average running speed. Mr. Miller discusses measurement of traffic delay by traffic counts and the progress of an automobile in traffic. The record of progress is obtained by means of an instrument attached to the automobile which marks a graduated ribbon indicating the speed of the vehicle and the time loss due to cross traffic, stop lights, slow moving traffic, congestion, road conditions, etc. In Pennsylvania, a number of touring cars were equipped with Recordographs that indicate the speed of a car graphically on a ribbon. The Recordograph traffic analysis was found to be an accurate method of determining the traffic capacity of highways and valuable aid in determining traffic conditions.
MOLECULAR DETECTION OF VIRULENCE FACTORS TSST-1, ETA, ETB GENE IN STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS ISOLATED FROM MILK AND MILK PRODUCTS

Staphylococcus aureus causes a wide range of illnesses to humans and animals its consider common causes of food poisoning due to contaminated food product with this bacteria and its enterotoxin, so the current study was designed to identify S. aureus strains in random local samples of milk and cheese , about 120 (80 milk ,40 chees ) sample were subjected to microbiologically and molecular detection for the presence of Staphylococcus aureus, entero toxigenity, DNA amplification showed that S. aureus isolates positively in 45 (37.5%) from total sample by PCR , 34 (42.5 %) sheep milk, 11 (27.5 %) sheep cheese,. By Multi plex PCR results showed the presence of virulence genes encoding toxic shock syndrome toxin (tsst-1) in 20 of sample and exfoliative toxins ETA, ETB gene 8,11 were detected the isolates respectively , Amplification of 16S rRNA gene using uniplex PCR with product size 228pb while Tsst-1 ETA ,ETB gene amplify 326 bp ,464 bp , 226 bp respectively The results also showed a significant contamination with of S. aureus. It is concluded that must to minimize food poisoning, it is important for setting and maintain safety hygiene protocols.
Bringing Disruptive Technology to Competition

Abstract—In November 2008, the second annual ClusterChallenge competition was held in Austin, Texas at the 2008Supercomputing conference. Students from Purdue Universitymade up one of seven teams of undergraduates to compete inthe competition. Wanting a change of pace from the commodityhardware of the ﬁrst challenge, Purdue teamed up with theirvendor SiCortex, Inc. Students were then given the task oflearning scientiﬁc applications POY, OpenFOAM, RAxML, WPP,and GAMESS, along with the HPC challenge benchmark suite.In this paper, students from the Purdue Cluster Challenge teamdiscuss the work done in preparation of the competition, alongwith strategies and their effect on the outcome of the ClusterChallenge. I. I NTRODUCTION Starting during the early days of computing, there has been ademand for increased performance. At ﬁrst these performanceboosts were achieved through faster clock speeds and largermemory systems. In recent years, the trend has moved tomulticore computing and, most recently, a “green” low-powercomputing movement.Low power systems are increasingly becoming an optionfor HPC facilities for a variety of reasons:
Dungeons and Dreamers: The Rise of Computer Game Culture from Geek to Chic

From the Publisher: Enter the quiet living rooms and cacophonous gaming environs of gaming kingpins like Richard Garriott and John Carmack, who invented games such as Quake and DOOM. Learn about gamers who make their living by winning gaming tournaments, and secrets of devoted gamers who practically live at LAN parties and gaming conventions.
Polarimetric Enhancements to Electro-Optical Aided Navigation Techniques

Abstract : Navigation in indoor and urban environments by small unmanned systems is a topic of interest for the Air Force. The Advanced Navigation Technology Center at the Air Force Institute of Technology is continually looking for novel approaches to navigation in GPS deprived environments. Inertial sensors have been coupled with image aided concepts, such as feature tracking, with good results. However, feature density in areas with large, flat, smooth surfaces tends to be low. Polarimetric sensors have been used for surface reconstruction, surface characterization and outdoor navigation. This thesis combines aspects of some of these algorithms along with a realistic, micro-facet polarimetric model and a Kalman filter approach to determine surface structure and platform orientation in an indoor environment. A series of graphical user interfaces were developed to estimate surface material parameters. A more complex simulation software package was used to estimate camera attitude. A physical polarimeter was also designed and built to test the algorithms in a realistic environment. An improvement in attitude estimation of up to 50% was demonstrated.
Maternal Parenting Electronic Diary in the Context of a Home Visit Intervention for Adolescent Mothers in an Urban Deprived Area of São Paulo, Brazil: Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

BACKGROUND Pregnancy during adolescence is prevalent in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), which is associated with various adverse outcomes that can be prevented with home visiting programs. However, testing these interventions in LMICs can be challenging due to limited resources. The use of electronic data collection via smartphones can be an alternative and ideal low-cost method to measure outcomes in an environment with adverse conditions. OBJECTIVE Our study had two objectives: to test the efficacy of a nurse home visiting intervention on maternal parenting and well-being measured by an electronic daily diary (eDiary), and to investigate the compliance rate of the eDiary measurement method. METHODS We conducted a randomized controlled trial to test the efficacy of Primeiros Laços, a nurse home visiting program, for adolescent mothers living in an urban deprived area of São Paulo, Brazil. A total of 169 pregnant adolescents were assessed for eligibility criteria, 80 of whom were included and randomized to the intervention (n=40) and control group (care as usual, n=40). Primeiros Laços is a home visiting intervention delivered by trained nurses tailored to first-time pregnant adolescents and their children, starting during the first 16 weeks of pregnancy until the child reaches 24 months of age. Participants were assessed by blind interviewers at 8-16 weeks of pregnancy (baseline), 30 weeks of pregnancy, and when the child was 3, 6, and 12 months of age. At 18 months, participants were assessed regarding maternal parenting and parental well-being using a 7-consecutive-day eDiary. The smartphone app was programmed to notify participants every day at 9:00 PM over a period of seven days. RESULTS We were able to contact 57/80 (71%) participants (29 from the intervention group and 28 from the control group) when the child was 18 months of age. Forty-eight of the 57 participants (84%) completed at least one day of the eDiary protocol. The daily compliance rate ranged from 49% to 70%. Our analyses showed a significant effect of the intervention on parental well-being (B=0.32, 95% CI [0.06, 0.58], P=.02) and the maternal parenting behavior of the mother telling a story or singing to the child (odds ratio=2.33, 95% CI [1.20, 4.50], P=.01). Our analyses showed a significant effect of the intervention on parental well-being (B=0.32, P=.02) and the maternal parenting behavior of the mother telling a story or singing to the child (odds ratio=2.33, P=.01). CONCLUSIONS The Primeiros Laços intervention improved maternal parenting and parental well-being, demonstrating its promise for low-income adolescent mothers. The compliance rate of the eDiary assessment showed that it was generally accepted by adolescent mothers with limited resources. Future studies can implement ambulatory assessment in LMICs via smartphones to measure mother and child behaviors. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02807818; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02807818
Lithuanian Virtual University as a construct for implementation of lifelong learning

Nowadays, distance learning (DL) is run to meet important national and international needs based on economical, political, geographical and demographical conditions. It's the conditions of local and global societies that motivate utilization of DL, not only the strained economical conditions of the individual student [1]. Integral development of Lithuanian DL system is based on several integral programs and sub-programs. Lithuanian Distance Learning Network is established with the main goal - to develop and maintain Lithuanian Distance Education (DE) System and to assist in the preparation of DL courses. This is necessary in order to create better conditions for Lithuanian people in lifelong learning, as well as encourage higher education institutions to develop and apply DL. This paper analysis the situation of development of DL network, and problems of integration of this network into different vocational training sub-networks.
Ecological niche modelling

Impact assessments increasingly rely on models to project the potential impacts of climate change on species distributions. Ecological niche models have become established as an efficient and widely used method for interpolating (and sometimes extrapolating) species’ distributions. They use statistical and machine-learning approaches to relate species’ observations to environmental predictor variables and identify the main environmental determinants of species’ ranges. Based on this estimated species–environment relationship, the species’ potential distribution can be mapped in space (and time). In this chapter, we explain the concept and underlying assumptions of ecological niche models, describe the basic modelling steps using the silvereye (Zosterops lateralis) as a simple real-world example, identify potential sources of uncertainty in underlying data and in the model, and discuss potential limitations as well as latest developments and future perspectives of ecological niche models in a global change context.
Competing in the Information Age: Strategic Alignment in Practice

From the Publisher: Stemming from IBM's highly regarded Consulting Group, combining the expertise of consultants and leading academics, Competing in the Information Age shows managers how to avoid being blindsided by information technology. It outlines how to match information systems with business strategy to forge a strong competitive edge and bring powerful solutions to bear on real-world problems. The bottom line, Luftman contends, is that a firm must coordinate, or align, four elements: its business strategy, the strategy of its information systems, its organizational infrastructure, and its information technology infrastructure. To this end, he adds to his own expertise contributors who offer models, frameworks, and methods that can help companies in any industry discover their ideal strategic alignment. The contributors have a wide variety of backgrounds and approach information technology from a number of illuminating angles. They discuss how to distinguish between information systems that automate human skills and those that augment them; how to put together worldwide, flexible information structures that seamlessly connect people, products, and processes; and how to gauge the benefits of object-oriented programming and connected computer networks. A recurrent theme is the amount to which an executive should be versed in technology, with the caveat that technological jargon sometimes inhibits business opportunities. Other crucial topics include how inter- and intra-organizational systems (IOS) and Electronic Data Exchange (EDI) are creating a whole new raft of management challenges; and how corporate culture affects attitudes toward information technology. The book also offers a six-stage process of transformation to technology, with suggested roles for the CEO, CIO, and other players, and gives advice on coping with the changes and clashes sparked by new information systems. Managers also get advice on how to benchmark information technology strategic alignment, looking
Static Checking of Array Index Out-of-Bounds Defects in C Programs Based on Taint Analysis

: During the rapid development of mobile computing, IoT, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, etc, many new programming languages and compilers are emerging. Even so, C/C++ language is still one of the most popular languages. And array is one of the most important data structures of C language. It is necessary to check whether the index is within the boundary of the array when using it to access the element of an array in a program. Otherwise, array index out-of-bounds will happen unexpectedly. When there are array index out-of-bounds defects existing in programs, some serious errors may occur during execution, such as system crash. It is even worse that array index out-of-bounds defects open the doors for attackers to take control of the server and execute arbitrary malicious code by carefully constructing input and intercepting the control flow of the programs. Existing static methods for array boundary checking cannot
Product Recovery in Business Networks: An Inter-organisational Approach

This doctoral dissertation analyses various ways of organising product recovery in inter-organisational networks. The purpose of product recovery is to dispose products in an environmentally responsible manner, which is strongly associated with the conservation of raw materials and sustainability. The aims of the thesis are (i) to develop an analytical framework for organising of product recovery and (ii) to apply this framework in an empirical study. The framework is based on the Industrial Network Approach, with its three basic pillars: actors, activities and resources. In this way the study complements the previous research focus on activities with analysis of resources and actors. The empirical context of the thesis includes two qualitative case studies in the PC industry. The first case takes the starting point in a firm involved in coordination of product recovery networks, while the second centres on a disposer of used PCs. The study shows that the most significant issues in the organizing of product recovery are concerned with the coordination of interdependent activities and the combining of physical and organizational resources. Effective organizing in these respects is contingent on interaction and information exchange among actors. In these processes joint classification systems and sorting rules are crucial in order to maintain and enforce routines in the product recovery operations from disposer to end user. Regarding implications for practice the study shows that the organising of product recovery is affected by substantial uncertainties with regard to supply and demand. These problems can be handled through increasing collaboration between the business partners in the recovery network, which provides opportunities for enhanced economies of scale, and joint planning of collection, transportation and reprocessing.
An FPGA implementation of Alamouti's transmit diversity technique

Wireless communications have grown tremendously over the last decade, wireless LAN and mobile telephones have been the main reasons for the growth. There is demand for ever faster wireless communications as this will allow for new applications such as wireless broadband Internet access. Multi-Antenna transmission schemes, using multiple antennas at the transmitter and/or receiver, and associated coding techniques have been proposed as a way to fulfill the demand for increased capacity and the performance of wireless communication systems. They are particularly attractive because they do not require any additional transmission bandwidth, and unlike traditional systems use multipath interference to their benefit. However, there are limits to growth, and the radio spectrum used for wireless communications is a finite resource. Therefore considerable effort has been invested in making more efficient use of it. Using the spectrum more efficiently caters for the ever increasing demand for faster communications since more bits per second can be transmitted using the same bandwidth. This project aims to present the Xilinx/Altera FPGA implementation of a multiple antenna wireless communications system based on Alamoutiâ€™s transmit diversity scheme [1]. Alamoutiâ€™s transmit diversity scheme is a space-time block code with support for two transmit antennas and an arbitrary number of receive antennas. The implementation demonstrates this space-time code in a baseband system with two transmit and just one antenna at the receiver with the encoding and decoding algorithms using Verilog Hardware Description Language (HDL), which is modeled to establish an end-to-end link over real wireless channels to form a complete multiple antenna wireless communications system.