Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modeling and control of a two-arm elastic robot in gravity

Oh, Chaeyoun, "Modeling and control of a two-arm elastic robot in gravity " (1990). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. Paper 9402. The most advanced technology has been used to photograph and reproduce this manuscript from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reprodaction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6" x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order.
An Emission-line Study of Supergiant Ionized Filaments in Irregular Galaxies

We present low- and high-dispersion emission-line observations of kiloparsec-sized, low surface brightness filaments of ionized gas in four irregular galaxies. These four galaxies span a range in sizes and star formation rates. In Sextans A, deep Hα images show that the filaments are part of a complicated shell of radius 600 pc around the eastern HII complex. In NGC 2366 there are several filaments emanating from the supershell around the giant HII region NGC 2363, extending up to 1.3 kpc from its center. In NGC 1569 we examine the brightest filament which is 800 pc in length. In NGC 4449 several filaments in the outer part of the galaxy appear to form a coherent structure of radius 1.7 kpc. However, part of the filaments fall along the inner edge of a 2 kpc diameter H I supershell. At the base of this structure near the center of the galaxy ionized gas is expanding at 30 km s-1. A comparison with models for the formation of large shells suggests that the filament in NGC 1569 and the shell in Sextans A are fit reasonably with standard stellar-powered supershell models of order 10 Myr old. The filaments in NGC 2366, on the other hand, are sufficiently far from the giant H II region NGC 2363 that they would have to be older than the age of the massive stars in the H II region and so probably are the result of a previous star-forming event. In NGC 4449 we are probably seeing several supershell events, one being the H I supershell with the filaments as the ionized inner edge and the other seen only in Hα. The structures in NGC 4449 may be too large to be entirely in the plane of the galaxy. The FWHM of the velocity profiles of the filaments are surprisingly high and are similar to those seen in normal H II regions in the same galaxies. Emission-line ratios show that the shells and filaments of all size scales are primarily photoionized. Since the supergiant filaments are located large distances from concentrations of massive stars, this implies that ionizing photons are able to travel distances of order kiloparsecs or that a diffuse source of ionizing photons exists, even in the outer parts of galaxies. Large distance propagation of ionizing radiation can most readily occur in cases such as NGC 1569 where filaments are above the Galactic plane, but long path lengths are still required. The Hα luminosities imply that the percentage of photons that must escape H II regions is about 25%. The large velocity FWHM of the emission-line profiles of supergiant filaments are understood in a photoionization model as a result of the high velocity dispersion in the neutral gas. These data show that energy input from newly created massive stars plays an important role in modifying the ISM of small galaxies and that these effects include both organized gas flows and photoionization over kiloparsec-sized distances. This process is expected to be important in regulating star formation in small, low-mass irregular galaxies.
Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus Activates Integrated Stress Response Pathway and Induces Stress Granules to Regulate Virus Replication

Virus infection activates integrated stress response (ISR) and stress granule (SG) formation and viruses counteract by interfering with SG assembly, suggesting an important role in antiviral defense. The infection of fish cells by Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus (VHSV), activates the innate immune recognition pathway and the production of type I interferon (IFN). However, the mechanisms by which VHSV interacts with ISR pathway regulating SG formation is poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that fish cells respond to heat shock, oxidative stress and VHSV infection by forming SG that localized key SG marker, Ras GTPase-activating protein (SH3 domain)-binding protein 1 (G3BP1). We show that PKR-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), but not (dsRNA)-dependent protein kinase (PKR), is required for VHSV-induced SG formation. Furthermore, in VHSV Ia infected cells, PERK activity is required for IFN production, antiviral signaling and viral replication. SG formation required active virus replication as individual VHSV Ia proteins or inactive virus did not induce SG. Cells lacking G3BP1 produced increased IFN, antiviral genes and viral mRNA, however viral protein synthesis and viral titers were reduced. We show a critical role of the activation of ISR pathway and SG formation highlighting a novel role of G3BP1 in regulating VHSV protein translation and replication.
Fully Lagrangian Numerical Solutions of Unbalanced Frontogenesis and Frontal COllapse

Abstract Numerical simulation has failed to answer some fundamental questions about atmospheric frontogenesis because of the artificial minimum resolved scale in grid point and spectral models alike. To alleviate this handicap and shed light on some recent ideas about the possibility of a finite limiting scale for inviscid fronts, a fully Lagrangian primitive-equation numerical model is developed for nonturbulent, slab-symmetric flow on an f-plane. With physical position treated as an explicit function of particle label and time, the model grid deforms to follow natural changes in disturbance length scales. Exact conservation of volume and potential vorticity, as well as of basic tracer variables, is demonstrated, and details of the truncation error for energy conservation are obtained for the case of second-order central differencing in label space. The Lagrangian model is used to simulate frontogenesis by horizontal wind deformation in a dry, Boussinesq atmosphere, with no prior assumption of hydrostati.
A Fast Detection Method Using Anisotropic Guidance for Infrared Small Target Under Complex Scenes

The development of intelligent control and visual navigation, along with the ongoing increase in imaging distance, has led to realistic demands for weak and small target detection. However, figuring out how to reduce the interference of various complex factors while achieving a high detection rate and low false alarm rate for real-time infrared small target detection is still a significant challenge. We propose a computationally simple single-frame infrared small target (SIRST) fast detection method applicable to complex scenes. First, a novel anisotropy filter bank suitable for small target feature extraction is constructed and modified with a point spread function (PSF). This makes it possible to map the salient features and spatial features of the target in the spatial domain using the imaging mechanism. We then combined two sets of feature parameters using the filtered features, including isotropy measure and directional energy (DE) factors, to enable the detection of small targets. Experimental findings showed that the algorithm performs well in scenarios involving complicated clouds, urban ground, and vegetation. The software also achieved excellent real-time performance because of its straightforward computational design.
Geographic and Specialty-Specific Disparities in Physicians’ Legal Compliance: A National-Scale Assessment of Romanian Medical Practice

Background: Physicians must respect their patients’ rights to informed consent, privacy, access to medical records, non-discrimination, treatment by a qualified doctor, and a second medical opinion. Compliance with patients’ rights is mandatory, and legal breaches are considered medical malpractice under Romanian law. This is the first study to assess physicians’ practices nationally and create a geographical map of legal compliance. Results: We examined survey responses of 2978 physicians, including 1587 general practitioners and 1391 attending physicians from high-risk specialties. According to the findings, 46.67% of physicians’ practices adhered to the law. Physicians’ practices were homogenous across the country’s regions. General practitioners were significantly more legally compliant than attending physicians were. Additionally, 94.02% of the physicians acknowledged malpractice anxiety, whereas only 17.67% had been accused of malpractice. Conclusions: Our findings emphasize the need for further research and to voice issues about Romanian physicians’ low level of legal compliance. This study provides a starting point for future studies to evaluate the benefits of interventional strategies in this field. Healthcare facilities should provide physicians with easily available resources when they are unsure about their legal obligations, and establish an observer organization that can detect unlawful conduct. Interventions should concentrate on education programs and expert guidance.
Evaluation of Attenuation Correction Methodology for Dual-Polarization Radars: Application to X-Band Systems

Abstract Monitoring of precipitation using high-frequency radar systems, such as the X band, is becoming increasingly popular because of their lower cost compared to their S-band counterpart. However, at higher frequencies, such as the X band, the precipitation-induced attenuation is significant, and introduces ambiguities in the interpretation of the radar observations. Differential phase measurements have been shown to be very useful for correcting the measured reflectivity for precipitation-induced attenuation. This paper presents a quantitative evaluation of two attenuation correction methodologies with specific emphasis on the X band. A simple differential phase–based algorithm as well as the range-profiling algorithm are studied. The impact of backscatter differential phase on the performance of attenuation correction is evaluated. It is shown that both of the algorithms for attenuation correction work fairly well, yielding attenuation-accurate corrected reflectivities with a negligible bias.
Investigating the Role of the Islamic Culture Course Syllabi in Infusing Islamic Tolerant Moral Values among University students: Staff Members' Perspectives at King Khalid University

The present research aspires to scrutinize the role of the Islamic culture course syllabi in infusing Islamic tolerant moral values among university students from the perspectives of staff members at King Khalid University. Also, the study pointed to probing the degree to which the Islamic culture course syllabi infuse Islamic tolerant moral values among university students. The quantitative and qualitative research methods with the survey method were taken by the two researchers. Moreover, the two researchers developed an opinion poll of fifteen items based on a five-point Likert Scale that was analyzed quantitatively by applying descriptive data. The two researchers chose a random stratified sample from different campuses of King Khalid University in Abha, Algraa, Alomhalah, Dhahran Aljanoub, and to mention a few). The purposive sample of the study consists of hundred staff members. The results revealed that the general average of the role played by the Islamic culture course syllabi in infusing Islamic tolerant moral values among university students from the perspectives of staff members at King Khalid University came to a high degree with an arithmetic average of (4.17). Also, the findings demonstrated that the content of the Islamic culture syllabus better’s university students’ moral and intellectual capacity and prevents them from extremism, and ideological conflicts. The study recommends the requirement to carry out further investigations on the role of Islamic culture course syllabi courses on other variables such as character internationalization and advancement of work ethics among students.
A Study on Acute Myocardial Infarction and Its Prognostic Predictors

Introduction Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) is a serious cardiac event characterized by the sudden death of heart muscle tissue due to the obstruction of blood flow to the heart. It is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. The relationship between AMI and serum uric acid levels is an area of ongoing research. Serum uric acid is a byproduct of purine metabolism and is typically present in the blood at low levels. Elevated levels of uric acid have been linked to several cardiovascular risk factors, including hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia. This has led to the investigation of the relationship between uric acid levels and AMI. Materials and Methods In this study, 100 individuals who were presented with acute myocardial infarction were included. All patients were categorized into four Killip’s classes based on history, clinical examination, and lab investigation. Subsequently, the four Killip’s classes were co-related with the serum uric acid of the patient. Results Serum uric acid levels were high in males compared to females. serum uric acid levels were high in Killip’s class III (7.24) and IV (7.57) compared to class I (4.48) and II (5.26). There was no significant correlation between serum uric acid and the co-morbidities like diabetes and hypertension, with a p-value of 0.48. Conclusion An increase in Killip Class is positively correlated with an increase in blood uric acid levels. Uric acid can therefore be utilized as a prognostic indicator in individuals who present with myocardial infarction.
Exact solitary Alfven wave

An exact solitary Alfven wave is found using kinetic theory. The wave has a long structure in the direction of an ambient magnetic field and a short structure with a size comparable to an ion gyroradius in the perpendicular direction. It propagates in a direction oblique to the ambient magnetic field. (AIP)
Floating-point number representations: base choice versus exponent range

A digital computer whose memory words are composed of r-state devices is considered. The choice of the base, $\Beta$, for the internal floating-point numbers on such a computer is discussed. Larger values of $\Beta$ necessitate the use of more r-state devices for the mantissa, in order to preserve some "minimum accuracy," leaving fewer r-state devices for the exponent of $\Beta$. As $\Beta$ increases, the exponent range may increase for a short period, but it must ultimately decrease to zero. Of course, this behavior depends on what definition of accuracy is used. This behavior is analyzed for a recently proposed definition of accuracy which specifies when it is to be said that the set of q-digit base $\Beta$ floating-point numbers is accurate to p-digits base t. The only case of practical importance today is t=10 and r=2; and in this case we find that $\Beta$ = 2 is always best. However the analysis is done to cover all cases.
Erratum on “Some Symmetry Classifications of Hyperbolic Vector Evolution Equations”: J Nonlinear Math. Phys. 12 suppl. 1 (2005), 13–31

In section 4.2 of Ref. [1], O(N)-invariant vector hyperbolic equations are derived from a frame bundle formulation of geometric flows of curves u(t, x) in a N + 1-dimensional Riemannian target space M , using a parallel frame adapted to the curve. The frame equations for the curve flow are given by vanishing torsion and zero curvature of an underlying Cartan connection 1-form which as shown in [4] has a natural identification with the Maurer-Cartan form of a Lie group G. This structure implies that the space M is a flat reductive Klein geometry G/SO(N +1), where G is taken to be SO(N +2) or SU(N +1) (under a certain dimensional reduction), but M is not flat as a homogeneous space as mistakenly claimed in [1]. More specifically, the (flat) homogeneous spaces discussed in section 4.2 should actually refer to the tangent space of M at a point x, TMx ≃ g/so(N+1), for which there is a natural linear homogeneous structure given by the Lie algebra quotient where g is so(N + 2) or (a reduction of) su(N + 1). In fact these flat Klein geometries are isometric to classical Riemannian homogeneous spaces of real, symmetric type [3], with nonzero Riemannian curvature. Accordingly, the correct interpretation of the equation of the curve flow in such spaces M is a gauged sigma model [2] given by ∇ x ∂ t u = 0, where u (A = 1, . . . ,N + 1) is a map into G/SO(N + 1) ≃ M and ∇ is the (pullback of a) covariant derivative (differing from the ordinary derivative ∂ by nonzero Christoffel connection terms) determined by the embedding of SO(N + 1) in G. This covariant derivative enters the relation between the coframe e A on M and the SO(N + 1)−connection ω A on M via ∇e A = −ωe A , whose curvature comes from identifying the Cartan connection in the flat Klein geometry with the zero-curvature g-valued 1-form ω A = ω A + e A on M . These remarks do not affect any of the conclusions or other results in [1]. A revised version of this paper is available in electronic form: arXiv:nlin.SI/0412015.
In situ Formation of Polymer Microparticles in Bacterial Nanocellulose Using Alternative and Sustainable Solvents to Incorporate Lipophilic Drugs

Bacterial nanocellulose has been widely investigated in drug delivery, but the incorporation of lipophilic drugs and controlling release kinetics still remain a challenge. The inclusion of polymer particles to encapsulate drugs could address both problems but is reported sparely. In the present study, a formulation approach based on in situ precipitation of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) within bacterial nanocellulose was developed using and comparing the conventional solvent N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and the alternative solvents poly(ethylene glycol), CyreneTM and ethyl lactate. Using the best-performing solvents N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and ethyl lactate, their fast diffusion during phase inversion led to the formation of homogenously distributed polymer microparticles with average diameters between 2.0 and 6.6 µm within the cellulose matrix. Despite polymer inclusion, the water absorption value of the material still remained at ~50% of the original value and the material was able to release 32 g/100 cm2 of the bound water. Mechanical characteristics were not impaired compared to the native material. The process was suitable for encapsulating the highly lipophilic drugs cannabidiol and 3-O-acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid and enabled their sustained release with zero order kinetics over up to 10 days. Conclusively, controlled drug release for highly lipophilic compounds within bacterial nanocellulose could be achieved using sustainable solvents for preparation.
Data mining-based recommendation system using social networks—an analytical study

In the current age, social media is commonly used and shares enormous data. However, a huge amount of data makes it difficult to deal with. It requires a lot of storage and processing time. The content produced by social media needs to be stored efficiently by using data mining methods for providing suitable recommendations. The goal of the study is to perform a systematic literature review (SLR) which finds, analyzes, and evaluates studies that relate to data mining-based recommendation systems using social networks (DRSN) from 2011 to 2021 and open up a path for scientific investigations to enhance the development of recommendation systems in a social network. The SLR follows Kitchenhem’s methodology for planning, guiding, and reporting the review. A systematic study selection procedure results in 42 studies that are analyzed in this article. The selected articles are examined on the base of four research questions. The research questions focus on publication venues, and chronological, and geographical distribution in DRSN. It also deals with approaches used to formulate DRSN, along with the dataset, size of the dataset, and evaluation metrics that validate the result of the selected study. Lastly, the limitations of the 42 studies are discussed. As a result, most articles published in 2018 acquired 21% of 42 articles, Whereas, China contributes 40% in this domain by comparing to other countries. Furthermore, 61% of articles are published in IEEE. Moreover, approximately 21% (nine out of 42 studies) use collaborative filtering for providing recommendations. Furthermore, the Twitter data set is common in that 19% of all other data sets are used, and precision and recall both cover 28% of selected articles for providing recommendations in social networks. The limitations show a need for a hybrid model that concatenates different algorithms and methods for providing recommendations. The study concludes that hybrid models may help to provide suitable recommendations on social media using data mining rules.
Mental Health of Working Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Does Physical Activity Level Matter?

The purpose of this study is to investigate the associations between physical activity levels and the psychological outcomes of depression and anxiety. In 2022, Hong Kong was still exercising strict measures to control the spread of COVID-19. In this connection, major events and almost all large-scale sports events were suspended. Most recreational facilities were closed and repurposed as vaccination venues. As a result, a reduction in physical activity was expected. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 109 working adults in Hong Kong. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form was adopted as it continues to be the most widely used scale to measure physical activity. Almost a quarter of respondents exercised regularly. On average, respondents engaged in less than an hour’s physical activity per week. Findings showed that even low to moderate levels of physical activity were positively associated with perceived self-esteem and perceived mental well-being. More specifically, self-esteem and perceived mental well-being were negatively associated with depression and anxiety. A full mediation effect between engagement in low levels of physical activity and anxiety was found. Light exercises may ultimately lead to lower anxiety via an indirect effect, with perceived mental well-being acting as a mediator. There was no direct relationship between low levels of physical activity and anxiety. In a similar vein, moderate levels of physical activity may lead to amelioration of symptoms related to depression and anxiety through indirect effects, with self-esteem as a mediator. Apart from engagement in low levels of physical activity, moderate levels of physical activity, such as swimming, jogging, and dancing, which have associations with self-esteem and mental health, could also be considered for attention.