Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Star formation history in barred spiral galaxies – active galactic nucleus feedback

We present a numerical study of the impact of AGN accretion and feedback on the star formation history of barred disc galaxies. Our goal is to determine whether the effect of feedback is positive (enhanced star formation) or negative (quenched star formation), and to what extent. We performed a series of 12 hydrodynamical simulations of disc galaxies, 10 barred and 2 unbarred, with various initial gas fractions and AGN feedback prescriptions. In barred galaxies, gas is driven toward the centre of the galaxy and causes a starburst, followed by a slow decay, while in unbarred galaxies the SFR increases slowly and steadily. AGN feedback suppresses star formation near the central black hole. Gas is pushed away from the black hole, and collides head-on with inflowing gas, forming a dense ring at a finite radius where star formation is enhanced. We conclude that both negative and positive feedback are present, and these effects mostly cancel out. There is no net quenching or enhancement in star formation, but rather a displacement of the star formation sites to larger radii. In unbarred galaxies, where the density of the central gas is lower, quenching of star formation near the black hole is more efficient, and enhancement of star formation at larger radii is less efficient. As a result, negative feedback dominates. Lowering the gas fraction reduces the star formation rate at all radii, whether or not there is a bar or an AGN.
Surveys of fields around quasars. III. Intermediate-redshift quasars: Catalog and background galaxy counts

Images in Gunn r (6500 + or - 450 A) and i (8200 + or - 600 A) of fields around 31 bright quasars have been obtained for the purpose of studying the global environments of quasars. Procedures for object identification, aperture photometry, and object classification are discussed. A catalog of the positional offsets from the quasar and the magnitudes and classifications of the detected objects is presented. In addition, selected control fields positioned 1 deg north of some quasars, for the purpose of background galaxy counting, were also observed. Despite the small area covered, the average background galaxy counts obtained agree well with previous results. For r over 21 mag, the distributions of counts in the 27 control fields are found to deviate significantly from Poisson statistics. 28 references.
Quantum computing using dissipation (proceedings)

The principal obstacle to quantum information processing with many qubits is decoherence. One source of decoherence is spontaneous emission which causes loss of energy and information. Inability to control system parameters with high precision is another possible source of error. As a solution we propose quantum computing experiments using dissipation based on an environment-induced quantum Zeno effect. As an example we present a simple scheme for quantum gate implementations with cold trapped ions in the presence of cooling.
Differential equations of fractional order:methods results and problem —I

Thc paper deals with the so-called differential equations of fractional order in which an unknown function is contained under the operation of a derivative of fractional order. A survey of the methods and results in the theory of such ordinary fractional differential equations is given. In particular, the method based on the reduction of the Cauchy-type problem for the fractional differential equations to the Volterra integral equations is discussed, and the Laplace transform, operational calculas compositional methods for the solution of linear differential equations of fractional order are presented. Problems and new trends of research are discussed.
Novel Control of Magnetoplasma Thruster by Using a Rotating Radio Frequency System

Proposed is a new type of magnetoplasma thruster using one radio frequency system for both plasma production and ion heating. This is accomplishedwith a rotatingfield antenna consisting of a pair of antennawindings, which are fed by two radio frequency outputs with relative phase difference of to . If the rotating field antenna excites, by a proper phasing, the fields polarized in left-hand sense with respect to the external magnetic field, the fields couple to slow ion cyclotron waves that accelerate ions at the ion cyclotron resonance. On the other hand, the right-hand polarizedfields producedby opposite phasingdo not couplewith the slowwaves and their energy goes to electrons via fast wave excitation and enhances ionization. It is experimentally verified that for hydrogen plasmas the density of produced plasmas and the temperature of heated ions change sinusoidally with the phase difference peaking at =2 and =2, respectively, showing the ability to control power ratio of the ion heating to the plasma production by only changing the phase difference. At optimum condition, the exhaust velocity of ions corresponds to the specific impulse of 6000 s. It is thus demonstrated that the use of the rotating radio frequency systemprovides novel controllability for the magnetoplasma thruster.
Positron diffusion in germanium

The temperature dependence of the diffusion constant of positrons in Ge single crystals is discussed. Experimental data on the fraction (f/sub Ps/) of 0--5-keV incident positrons reemitted from the surface as positronium are presented for Ge over the temperature range 300< or =T< or =1020 K. The positron diffusion constant is deduced, at various temperatures, from an analysis using a one-dimensional diffusion model for f/sub Ps/ which is determined as a function of incident positron energy E. The magnitude and temperature dependence of the positron diffusion constant are compared with the predictions of the conventional weak carrier-phonon scattering theory that is used to describe the mobilities of electrons and holes in the elemental semiconductors. Conventional carrier-phonon scattering does not adequately represent the observed temperature dependence of the positron diffusion constant, and we investigate some possible origins of these discrepancies. Quantitative calculations identify several of these possibilities as implausible. We tentatively conclude that some form of positron-lattice coupling is the dominant interaction governing the positron motion.
Linear Polarization, Circular Polarization, and Depolarization of Gamma-ray Bursts: A Simple Case of Jitter Radiation

Linear and circular polarizations of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have been detected recently. We adopt a simplified model to investigate GRB polarization characteristics in this paper. A compressed two-dimensional turbulent slab containing stochastic magnetic fields is considered, and jitter radiation can produce the linear polarization under this special magnetic field topology. Turbulent Faraday rotation measure (RM) of this slab makes strong wavelength-dependent depolarization. The jitter photons can also scatter with those magnetic clumps inside the turbulent slab, and a nonzero variance of the Stokes parameter V can be generated. Furthermore, the linearly and circularly polarized photons in the optical and radio bands may suffer heavy absorptions from the slab. Thus we consider the polarized jitter radiation transfer processes. Finally, we compare our model results with the optical detections of GRB 091018, GRB 121024A, and GRB 131030A. We suggest simultaneous observations of GRB multi-wavelength polarization in the future.
The BACON Approach for Rank-Deﬁcient Data

Rank-deficient data are not uncommon in practice. They result from highly collinear variables and/or high-dimensional data. A special case of the latter occurs when the number of recorded variables exceeds the number of observations. The use of the BACON algorithm for outlier detection in multivariate data is extended here to include rank-deficient data. We present two approaches to identifying outliers in rank-deficient data based on the original BACON algorithm. The first algorithm projects the data onto a robust subspace of reduced dimension, while the second employs a ridge type regularization on the covariance matrix. Both algorithms are tested on real as well as simulated data sets with good results in terms of their effectiveness in outlier detection. They are also examined in terms of computational efficiency and found to be very fast, with particularly good scaling properties for increasing dimension.
Solutions of the fractional Schr\"odinger equation via diagonalization - A plea for the harmonic oscillator basis part 1: the one dimensional case

A covariant non-local extention if the stationary Schr\"odinger equation is presented and it's solution in terms of Heisenbergs's matrix quantum mechanics is proposed. For the special case of the Riesz fractional derivative, the calculation of corresponding matrix elements for the non-local kinetic energy term is performed fully analytically in the harmonic oscillator basis and leads to a new interpretation of non local operators in terms of generalized Glauber states. As a first application, for the fractional harmonic oscillator the potential energy matrix elements are calculated and the and the corresponding Schr\"odinger equation is diagonalized. For the special case of invariance of the non-local wave equation under Fourier-transforms a new symmetry is deduced, which may be interpreted as an extension of the standard parity-symmetry.
Dynamical Evolution and Merger Timescales of LISA Massive Black Hole Binaries in Disk Galaxy Mergers

The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) will detect gravitational-wave (GW) signals from merging supermassive black holes (BHs) with masses below 107 M⊙. It is thus of paramount importance to understand the orbital dynamics of these relatively light central BHs, which typically reside in disk-dominated galaxies, in order to produce reliable forecasts of merger rates. To this aim, realistic simulations probing BH dynamics in unequal-mass disk galaxy mergers, into and beyond the binary hardening stage, are performed by combining smooth particle hydrodynamics and direct N-body codes. The structural properties and orbits of the galaxies are chosen to be consistent with the results of galaxy formation simulations. Stellar and dark matter distributions are triaxial down to the central 100 pc of the merger remnant. In all cases, a BH binary forms and hardens on timescales of at most 100 Myr, coalescing on another few-hundred-megayear timescale, depending on the characteristic density and orbital eccentricity. Overall, the sinking of the BH binary takes no more than ∼0.5 Gyr after the merger of the two galaxies is completed, but it can be much faster for very plunging orbits. Comparing with previous numerical simulations following the decay of BHs in massive early-type galaxies at z ∼ 3, we confirm that the characteristic density is the most crucial parameter determining the overall BH merging timescale, despite the structural diversity of the host galaxies. Our results lay down the basis for robust forecasts of LISA event rates in the case of merging BHs.
Meaning in Stroke Family Caregiving in China: A Phenomenological Study

Meaning in caregiving plays an influential role in stroke family caregiver’s perception and adaptation to caregiving. Although the role meaning plays in stroke family caregiving has been recognized, knowledge about this subject among the Chinese population is fragmented and sparse. Therefore, a hermeneutic phenomenological study was conducted as a first step in a program of research focused on Chinese caregivers utilizing a purposive sample of five stroke family caregivers living in China to explore the meaning of the lived caregiving experience. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed by a phenomenological hermeneutic interpretation. Meaning in stroke family caregiving was interpreted as suffering, an obligation, a personal choice, a meaningful opportunity, and a natural part of living. These meanings were dynamic and interconnected and were affected deeply by the Chinese culture in how caregivers experience, interpret, and cope with caregiving. Findings highlight the need to understand the culture-shaped meanings in caregiving to better support family caregivers and develop culturally tailored interventions.
The detection of dust storms over land and water with satellite visible and infrared measurements

Abstract The position of a large area of dust was successfully located over the Sahara Desert and off the west coast of Africa with infrared measurements from the Temperature Humidity Infrared Radiometer (THIR) and visible information from the Image Dissector Camera System (IDCS) on Nimbus 4 between 20 and 25 April 1970. Over land, near midday, the dust areas were associated with lower equivalent blackbody temperatures (TBB's) than in the surrounding areas due to the mixing of the dust with the cooler air just above the surface. Near midnight dust areas appeared to be located where the TBB's were higher than the surrounding regions. The TBB contrast was insufficient for dust detection over the ocean, but the contrast in the visible was great enough to track the movement of the dust for several days off the African west coast. Measurements from the THIR 6.5–7.2 μm channel were useful for detecting the presence of cirrus clouds which could have caused a misinterpretation of the 10.5–12.5 μm TBB's.
The intensity of the random variable intercept in the sector of negative probabilities

We consider properties of the measurement intensity $\rho$ of a random variable for which the probability density function represented by the corresponding Wigner function attains negative values on a part of the domain. We consider a simple economic interpretation of this problem. This model is used to present the applicability of the method to the analysis of the negative probability on markets where there are anomalies in the law of supply and demand (e.g. Giffen's goods). It turns out that the new conditions to optimize the intensity $\rho$ require a new strategy. We propose a strategy (so-called $\grave{a}$ rebours strategy) based on the fixed point method and explore its effectiveness.
Guided Dental Implant Surgery: Systematic Review

Among the common procedures in clinical practice in the field of dentistry is prosthetic rehabilitation through the insertion of dental implants. In order to obtain the best aesthetic and functional results, the oral surgeon who deals with implantology must be able to position the dental implants correctly; a crucial role is therefore played by the diagnostic and treatment planning phases, where attention must be paid to anatomical constraints and prosthetic constraints in the alveolar bone site. The parameters, such as bone quality, bone volume, and anatomical restrictions, can be processed and simulated using implant planning software. The simulation of the virtual positioning of the implant can lead to the construction of a three-dimensional model of the implant positioning guide, which can be used during the implant surgery. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate survival rates, early and late failure rates, peri-implant bone remodeling, and possible implant-prosthetic complications related to implants placed using digitally designed surgical guides. This systematic review was written following the indications of PRISMA and envisaged the use of 3 databases: Scopus, PubMed, and Cochrane Library. Results: Only 9 of the 2001 records were included, including 2 retrospective studies and 7 prospective studies. Conclusion: On the basis of the studies selected in this review, it can be seen that the implant survival obtained with the use of guided implant surgery shows high percentages. Many recorded failures occurred early, due to a lack of osseointegration, and the variables that come into play in the survival of the implants are many.
TY Pup: A Low-mass-ratio and Deep Contact Binary as a Progenitor Candidate of Luminous Red Novae

TY Pup is a well-known bright eclipsing binary with an orbital period of 0.8192 days. New light curves in B, V, (RI)C bands were obtained with the 0.61 m reflector robotic telescope (PROMPT-8) at CTIO in Chile during 2015 and 2017. By analyzing those photometric data with the W–D method, it is found that TY Pup is a low-mass-ratio (q ∼ 0.184) and deep-contact binary with a high fill-out factor (84.3%). An investigation of all available times of minimum light including three new ones obtained with the 60 cm and the 1.0 m telescopes at Yunnan Observatories in China indicates that the period change of TY Pup is complex. An upward parabolic variation in the O − C diagram is detected to be superimposed on a cyclic oscillation. The upward parabolic change reveals a long-term continuous increase in the orbital period at a rate of dP/dt = 5.57(±0.08) × 10−8 days yr−1. The period increase can be explained by mass transfer from the less massive component (M2 ∼ 0.3 M⊙) to the more massive one (M1 ∼ 1.65 M⊙). The binary will be merging when it meets the criterion that the orbital angular momentum is less than three times the total spin angular momentum, i.e., Jorb < 3Jrot. This suggests that the system will finally merge into a rapid-rotating single star and may produce a luminous red nova. The cyclic oscillation in the O − C diagram can be interpreted by the light-travel time effect via the presence of a third body.
Numerical simulation of the bore-like cold front of 8 October 1987 in Southern Germany

This paper describes numerical simulations of the bore-like structure of a cold front. The calculations were motivated by a particularly well-documented case study of a dry cold front with this type of structure that occurred on 8 October 1987 in southern Germany. The leading edge of the cold front appeared to have evolved from the amalgamation of cold air outflows from thunderstorms that had earlier developed on the front. These outflows transformed into an undular bore-type disturbance as they moved into a shallow, surface-based stable layer. The numerical simulation reproduces the structural characteristics of the front well. DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0870.1991. t01-1-00002.x
The complex involvement of the digestive tract in human defense behavior – structural and functional arguments

The digestive system has an innate monitoring and defense capacity, which allows the recognition and elimination of different dangerous substances. The complex analysis of the intestinal content comprises the cross-interactions between the epithelial cells, the enteroendocrine cells, the neural tissue and the cellular defense mechanisms. The enteric nervous system, also called "the enteric brain" or "the second brain" is the only neuronal network outside the central nervous system capable of autonomous reflex activity. The enteric nervous system activity is mostly independent of the central nervous system, but not in all aspects. In fact, even the enteral reflexes are a consequence of the bidirectional intestine-brain relation. The central nervous and enteric nervous systems are coupled through the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches of the autonomic nervous system. The gastrointestinal functions are regulated due to the interaction between the intrinsic neurons within the gastrointestinal wall and the extrinsic neurons outside the gastrointestinal tract. Here we provide an overview of the important role of the enteric brain in defensive behavior, as well as its structural and functional particularities that make it a special organ.
Electrical transport and dielectric relaxation in Fe3O4–polypyrrole hybrid nanocomposites

The polymerization of pyrrole in an aqueous medium in the presence of nanodimensional Fe3O4 using ammonium peroxodisulphate (APS) as oxidant results in the formation of polypyrrole–Fe3O4 nanocomposites. Characterization of the composites was carried out by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The magnetization data exhibit a small hysteresis loop at room temperature. The Mössbauer spectra at room temperature reveal the doublet structure, characteristic of the superparamagnetic phase in magnetite (Fe3O4). The composite samples reveal ordered semiconducting behaviour. Polypyrrole is the dominating component in the transport process of the nanocomposites. A very large dielectric constant of about 11 000 at room temperature has been observed. The interface between polypyrrole and Fe3O4 plays an important role in producing a large dielectric constant in the composite.
Water Permeation through Layered Graphene-based Membranes: A Fully Atomistic Molecular Dynamics Investigation

Graphene-based membranes have been investigated as promising candidates for water filtration and gas separation applications. Experimental evidences have shown that graphene oxide can be impermeable to liquids, vapors and gases, while allowing a fast permeation of water molecules. This phenomenon has been attributed to the formation of a network of nano capillaries that allow nearly frictionless water flow while blocking other molecules by steric hindrance effects. It is supposed that water molecules are transported through the percolated two-dimensional channels formed between graphene-based sheets. Although these channels allow fast water permeation in such materials, the flow rates are strongly dependent on how the membranes are fabricated. Also, some fundamental issues regarding the nanoscale mechanisms of water permeation are still not fully understood and their interpretation remains controversial. In this work, we have investigated the dynamics of water permeation through pristine graphene and graphene oxide model membranes. We have carried out fully atomistic classical molecular dynamics simulations of systems composed of multiple layered graphene-based sheets into contact with a water reservoir under controlled thermodynamics conditions (e. g., by varying temperature and pressure values). We have systematically analyzed how the transport dynamics of the confined nanofluids depend on the interlayer distances and the role of the oxide functional groups. Our results show the water flux is much more effective for graphene than for graphene oxide membranes. These results are attributed to the H-bonds formation between oxide functional groups and water, which traps the water molecules and precludes ultrafast water transport through the nanochannels.
Projective Shape Analysis

Abstract Emulating human vision, computer vision systems aim to recognize object shape from images. The main difficulty in recognizing objects from images is that the shape depends on the viewpoint. This difficulty can be resolved by using projective invariants to describe the shape. For four colinear points the cross-ratio is the simplest statistic that is invariant to projective transformations. Five coplanar sets of points can be described by two independent cross-ratios. Using the six-fold set of symmetries of the cross-ratio, corresponding to six permutations of the points, we introduce an inverse stereographic projection of the linear cross-ratio (c) to a stereographic cross-ratio (ξ). To exploit this symmetry, we study the distribution of cos 3ξ when the four points are randomly distributed under appropriate distributions and find the mapping of the cross-ratio so that the distribution of ξ is uniform. These mappings provide a link between projective invariants and directional statistics so that we.
Anti-windup control system design based on Youla parametrization

The paper is concerned with the design of an anti-windup controller based on Youla parametrization. We derive a sufficient condition for the quadratic performance of the proposed anti-windup control system in terms of a linear matrix inequality (LMI). Based on this LMI condition, we present a direct design method of the anti-windup controller. A numerical example is also included to show the applicability of the present design method.