Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Associations of Wearable Sensor Measures With Feed Intake, Production Traits, Lactation, and Environmental Parameters Impacting Feed Efficiency in Dairy Cattle

Feed efficiency is an important trait to dairy production because of its impact on sustainability and profitability. Measuring individual cow feed intake on commercial farms would be unfeasibly costly at present. Thus, developing cheap and portable indicators of feed intake would be highly beneficial for genetic selection and precision feeding management tools. Given the growing use of automated sensors on dairy farms, the objective of this study was to determine the relationship between measurements recorded from multiple wearable sensors and feed intake. A total of three different wearable sensors were evaluated for their association with dry mater intake (DMI). The sensors measured activity (sensors = 3), rumination (sensors = 1), ear temperature (sensors = 1), rumen pH (sensors = 1) and rumen temperature (sensors = 1). A range of 56–340 cows with assorted sensors from 24 to 313 days in milk (DIM) were modeled to evaluate associations with DIM, parity, and contemporary group (CG; comprised of pen and study cohort). Models extending upon these variables included known energy sinks (i.e., milk production, milk fat/protein and metabolic body weight), to characterize the association of sensors measures and DMI. Statistically significant (i.e., P < 0.05) regression coefficients for individual sensor measures with DMI ranged from 9.01E-07 to −3.45 kg DMI/day. When integrating all measures from a single sensor in a model, estimated regression coefficients ranged 8.83E-07 to −3.48 kg DMI/day. Significant associations were also identified for milk production traits, parity, DIM and CG. Associations tended to be highest for timepoints around the time of feeding and when multiple measurements within a sensor were integrated in a single model. The findings of this study indicate sensor measures are associated with feed intake and other energy sink traits and variables impacting feed efficiency. This information would be helpful to improve feed and feeding efficiency on commercial farms as proxy measurements for feed intake.
Sorption of heavy metals from industrial waste water by low-cost mineral silicates

Abstract The adsorption by different silicate minerals of some heavy metals, present in industrial waste water, has been studied. These adsorbents (mainly clay minerals) are readily available, inexpensive materials and offer a cost-effective alternative to conventional treatment of wastes from the metal finishing industry. The results show that some mineral species are suitable for the purification of such residual waters down to the limits prescribed by current legislation concerning industrial wastes. The Langmuir model was found to describe such adsorption processes best. Sepiolite (Orera, Spain) has an adsorption capacity of 8.26 mg g-1 for Cd2+, the capacities depending on the metal adsorbed in the order: Cd2+ > Cu2+ > Zn2+ > Ni2+. This mineral shows the highest sorption capacity relative to the other minerals studied. Factors in the reaction medium such as pH and ionic strength influenced the adsorption process.
Electron acceleration from the interaction of three crossed parallel Alfvén waves

We study the nonlinear interaction of three parallel Alfvén wave packets (AWPs) in an initially uniform plasma using 2.5-dimensional particle-in-cell (PIC) numerical simulations. We aim to help to explain the observation of suprathermal electrons by the collision of multiple Alfvén waves in regions where these waves are trapped like the IAR (Ionospheric Alfvén Resonator), Earth radiation belts or coronal magnetic loops. In the context of the acceleration by the parallel Alfvén waves interactions (APAWI) process that has been described by Mottez (Ann. Geophys., vol. 30, issue 1, 2012, pp. 81–95; J. Plasma Phys., vol. 81, issue 1, 2015, p. 325810104), the interaction of two parallel Alfvén waves (AWs) generates longitudinal density modulations and parallel electric fields at the APAWI crossing region that can accelerate particles effectively in the direction of the background magnetic field. Our simulations show that when a third parallel AWP of different initial position arrives at the APAWI crossing region, it gives rise to a strong parallel electron beam ($V \sim 5\text {--}7 V_{Te}$) at longitudinal cavity density gradients. We suggest that velocity drift from an outgoing AW generates interface waves in the transverse direction, which allows propagating waves to develop parallel electric fields by the phase mixing process when $k_{\perp }^{-1}$ of the wavy density gradient (oblique gradient) is in the range of the electron inertial length $c/\omega _{p0}$.
Multi Factor Intrusion Detection System Based On Timestamp Delay Aware Routing Feature Classification

— Internet connects all over the communication in the data world to share the data. By connecting data transfer through network of devices to make transmission public network infrastructures. Due to prevailing attacks on communication intrusion become more to theft the data by attackers. Intrusion detection become the most tedious problem for identifying the communication risks. The prevailing work considers the relational features based on monitoring the intervention of the communication attributes. So time dependant factor doesn’t consider the communication defence rate, packet loss rate, mutual rate, delay dependency, etc., To resolve this problem, we propose a Multi factor Intrusion Detection System (MFIDS) based on anomaly outlier detection using Time Stamp Communication Behaviour Rate (TSCBR), Cumulative Packet Loss Identification Rate (CPLIR). Features are collected by marginalized values using Relative Spectral Scaling Feature Selection (RS 2 FS) and classified with Cross Layer Adaptive Convolution Neural Network (CLACNN). This proposed feature selection and classification produce higher classification accuracy compared to the other methods as well in precision and recall rate with lower false detection and time complexity.
Wildlife Restoration via Forest Management in Fire-Suppressed Longleaf Pine Sandhills

Within this chapter, I introduce the longleaf pine community and describe important mechanisms that maintain(ed) this system’s integrity. I provide a relevant background to succeeding chapters, including the role of disturbance (i.e., fire) in maintaining the longleaf pine community, how fire-suppression has degraded this habitat type, and how restoration efforts have attempted to introduce prescribed burning or other strategies that mimic the effects of fire. I describe the study design of my dissertation and include a conceptual framework describing how I gauged the success of restoration efforts.
Electron spin resonance studies of doped synthetic kaolinite. II

Abstract It is shown from studies of synthetic kaolinites doped with Fe3+ that the ESR spectrum of kaolinite at g = 4 consists of two components attributed to Fe3+ ions occupying two distinct substitutional sites (Centres I and II). The relative intensity of the two components can be correlated with the X-ray crystallinity of the samples. The ESR spectrum is influenced by artificial changes in crystallinity produced by subjecting samples to high stresses or by intercalation. It is concluded that Centre II is due to Fe3+ replacing Al3+ in the octahedral layer in a region of high crystallinity. Centre I is assigned to Fe3+ occupying Al3+ sites distorted by changes in the hydroxyl orientations associated with layer stacking disorder or disruption of interlayer bonding. A stable defect centre in kaolinite which produces an ESR spectrum at g = 2·0 is attributed to either a hole centre located on an Si—O bond adjacent to an Mg2+ octahedral impurity or to an O2 − ion trapped within the lattice.
Differences of drivers' driving performance in simulated driving.

The statistics for a 10 years periods (1997-2007) shows an increasing number of road traffic accidents in Malaysia. Amongst, commuting accidents, which involved bus carsh are highest increased from year 2006-2007. Human errors have been identified as main reasons behind these fatal crashes compare to others. This study aims to determine the factors, which cause the differences of driving performance between two driving groups in related with environmental condition and road conditions in a simulated daytime and night-time driving. Fifty healthy male subjects, aged between 23-53 years old were divided into two groups and took part in one of the two different driving sessions (simulated daytime or night time driving). The total length of each simulated driving journey is 250 km. Outcomes were measured in terms of driver’s driving performance (RORI and LSV index) in different of environmental and road conditions. The ambient temperature, Carbon dioxide (CO2) level and lighting conditions were regulated throughout the experiment. The study showed that occupational drivers perform better rather than non-occupational drivers whenever the driving conditions and environmental factors considered. However, no difference of driving performance found between two driving groups in different of road types. Driver’s age and driving experience was significantly correlated with both RORI and LSV index in an overall study. Occupational drivers perform better when considered the driving condition and environmental effect, indicating that drivers with extended age and prior experience tend to perform better.
Rearrangement Inequalities

In recent years a number of inequalities have appeared which involve rearrangements of vectors in R n and of measurable functions on a finite measure space. These inequalities are not only interesting in themselves, but also are important in investigations involving rearrangement invariant Banach function spaces and interpolation theorems for these spaces [2; 8; 9].
Planar Lattices

A finite partially ordered set (poset) P is customarily represented by drawing a small circle for each point, with a lower than b whenever a < b in P, and drawing a straight line segment from a to b whenever a is covered by b in P (see, for example, G. Birkhoff [2, p. 4]). A poset P is planar if such a diagram can be drawn for P in which none of the straight line segments intersect.
Numerical and experimental research for mooring positioning of floatover barge

Floatover is an offshore installation method of modules,which is widely used in various platforms for less time and monetary costs.It transfers the topside of an offshore oil platform from transport barges onto the support structure directly through barge ballasting or floating substructure de-ballasting.In the paper,the mooring system of a T-shaped floatover barge in a jacket installation was investigated with numerical simulation and experimental analysis.Numerical analyses in both frequency and time domain were carried out for two design schemes.The frequency domain simulation was executed by potential flow code WAMIT to get hydrodynamic coefficient and motion response operator,and the time domain results are calculated by a program of FORTRAN based on FFT and quasi-static computing method.Corresponding model tests,including decay tests,offset tests,white noise tests and irregular wave tests,were also performed in an ocean engineering basin.Comparison between numerical and experimental results shows that the response amplitude operator and time series agree quite well,and the position system of scheme B is more reasonable.
Mandates

The method adopted at the end of the World War for dealing with the colonies and territories of Germany and Turkey which it was decided to detach from them is known as the mandate system, and is embodied in Article 22 of the Covenant of the League of Nations, which is an integral part of the treaties of peace with Germany, Austria, Bulgaria and Hungary. Under this system these detached territories are not in the owner-ship of any State, but are entrusted to certain States called ‘Mandatory States’ to administer on behalf of the League upon the conditions laid down in written agreements called mandates between the League and each mandatory. The system, which was proposed by General Smuts, is a novelty in International Law, and although the term ‘mandate’ suggests certain analogies in private law, it is doubtful whether much practical help in the understanding and application of the system can be derived from these sources.
Literature Review of recent advancements in Hypergraph Learning as it relates to optimizer

Hypergraphs are a generalization of a graph in which an edge can join any number of vertices. In contrast[1], in an ordinary graph, an edge connects exactly two vertices.The applications of hypergraphs can range from analogical explainations such as social networks to hard generalities in the case of collabarative game theory where they are known as simple games. The more abstract applications can be used in localized and global optimizations of radial function under computational geometry , and the optmizers generated could also be used to solve linear scheduling problems. [2] The theoretical approach developed under these categories can be used in embedding . clustering and classification which can be solved through the application of spectral hypergraph clustering too. [3]
Ghrelin pretreatment enhanced the protective effect of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned medium on lipopolysaccharide-induced endothelial cell injury

BACKGROUND Lung endothelial barrier injury plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of acute respiratory distress syndrome. It has been demonstrated that bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells-conditioned medium (BMSCs-CM) and ghrelin have a protective effect. This study investigated if ghrelin pretreatment enhanced the protective effect of BMSCs-CM on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endothelial cell injury. METHODS BMSCs were isolated from rat bone marrow, expanded, then phenotypically tested for mesenchymal stem cell-identifying criteria by flow cytometry. The effects of the conditioned medium derived from ghrelin-pretreated BMSCs (BMSCs-ghrelin-pretreated-CM) on LPS-injured endothelial cells were evaluated by migration, apoptosis, permeability, and pro-inflammatory factor (e.g., tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6) assays in endothelial cells. Further, AKT/GSK3β pathway activation in endothelial cells was examined by Western blot, and the gene expression profiles of ghrelin-pretreated BMSCs were examined by RNA sequencing. RESULTS BMSCs-ghrelin-pretreated-CM had a greater protective effect on LPS-induced endothelial cell injury than BMSCs-CM by improving cell migration, alleviating apoptosis, and reducing endothelial permeability and the release of pro-inflammatory factors in endothelial cells. The mechanism is partly related to AKT/GSK3β pathway activation after BMSCs-ghrelin-pretreated-CM treatment. There were five upregulated candidate genes (Wnt5a [i.e., Wnt Family Member 5A], S100b [i.e., S100 Calcium-Binding Protein B], Bmp2 [i.e., Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2], Id4 [i.e., Inhibitor Of DNA Binding 4], and PTHLH [i.e., Parathyroid Hormone Like Hormone]) in BMSCs after ghrelin treatment, and all were associated with AKT pathway activation and endothelial function. CONCLUSIONS Ghrelin pretreatment enhanced the protective effect of BMSCs-CM on LPS-induced endothelial cell injury, partly by activating the AKT/GSK3β pathway.
Opposing Effects of Prior Infection versus Prior Vaccination on Vaccine Immunogenicity against Influenza A(H3N2) Viruses

Prior vaccination can alternately enhance or attenuate influenza vaccine immunogenicity and effectiveness. Analogously, we found that vaccine immunogenicity was enhanced by prior A(H3N2) virus infection among participants of the Ha Nam Cohort, Viet Nam, but was attenuated by prior vaccination among Australian Health Care Workers (HCWs) vaccinated in the same year. Here, we combined these studies to directly compare antibody titers against 35 A(H3N2) viruses spanning 1968–2018. Participants received licensed inactivated vaccines containing A/HongKong/4801/2014 (H3N2). The analysis was limited to participants aged 18–65 Y, and compared those exposed to A(H3N2) viruses circulating since 2009 by infection (Ha Nam) or vaccination (HCWs) to a reference group who had no recent A(H3N2) infection or vaccination (Ha Nam). Antibody responses were compared by fitting titer/titer-rise landscapes across strains, and by estimating titer ratios to the reference group of 2009–2018 viruses. Pre-vaccination, titers were lowest against 2009–2014 viruses among the reference (no recent exposure) group. Post-vaccination, titers were, on average, two-fold higher among participants with prior infection and two-fold lower among participants with 3–5 prior vaccinations compared to the reference group. Titer rise was negligible among participants with 3–5 prior vaccinations, poor among participants with 1–2 prior vaccinations, and equivalent or better among those with prior infection compared to the reference group. The enhancing effect of prior infection versus the incrementally attenuating effect of prior vaccinations suggests that these exposures may alternately promote and constrain the generation of memory that can be recalled by a new vaccine strain.
Induction of Systemic Resistance against Sheath Blight in Rice by Different Pseudomonas Isolates

Sheath blight disease is a fungal pathogen that causes leaf blight in rice plants, resulting in significant yield losses throughout the growing season. Pseudomonas spp. have long been used as biocontrol agents for a variety of plant diseases. Four Pseudomonas isolates were tested for their ability to promote rice growth and generate systemic resistance to Rhizoctonia solani, the causal pathogen of sheath blight disease. In vitro, Pseudomonas isolates produced the growth hormone indole acetic acid (0.82–1.82 mg L−1). Additionally, seed treatment with Pseudomonas putida suspension outperformed P. brassicacearum, P. aeruginosa and P. resinovorans in terms of germination and vigor evaluation. The maximum seed germination of 89% was recorded after seed treatments with a fresh suspension of P. putida, followed by 87% germination in P. aeruginosa treatment, compared with only 74% germination in the untreated controls. When compared with the infected control plants, all Pseudomonas isolates were non-pathogenic to rice and their co-inoculation considerably enhanced plant growth and health by reducing the disease index to 37% and improving plant height (26%), fresh weight (140%) and dry weight (100%). All Pseudomonas isolates effectively reduced sheath blight disease incidence, as well as the fungicide carbendazim, which is recommended for field management of R. solani. In comparison to untreated control seedlings, treatment with Pseudomonas isolates enhanced the production of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase enzymes and the expression of the phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and NPR1 genes, which could be involved in disease incidence reduction. In conclusion, the use of Pseudomonas spp. has been demonstrated to improve rice growth and resistance to R. solani while also providing an environmentally acceptable option to the agroecosystems.
Sludge into Biosolids - Processing, Disposal, Utilization

With the increased volume of sewage sludge generated as a result of extended sewerage and advanced wastewater treatments, its management is becoming of ever greater concern in both industrialised and emerging countries. During recent years there has been a worldwide movement toward a strategy of reusing and taking advantage of the energy content of residues, in particular of transforming a waste material produced by a treatment works (sludge) into a useful and usable product (biosolid). The selection of a use/disposal method or management system is often based on factors such as local traditions, personal experience, public opinion, etc., with less emphasis on the much more important technical factors, such as local geography, climate, land use, availability of disposal sites and regulatory constraints. Sludge into Biosolids gives up-to-date coverage of sludge treatments and of its use and disposal, focusing on the practical aspects of sludge/biosolids management. Operational variables and sludge properties affecting each management operation are discussed. Sludge into Biosolids provides a comprehensive overview for practitioners, graduates and researchers as well as politicians, decision-makers and public administrators, not only of the different options for using/disposing of sewage sludge and the requirements to be met for each of them, but also of the different methods for processing sewage sludge in order to modify its physical, chemical and biological properties, to meet the requirements for its utilization. This title belongs to Biological Wastewater Treatment Series ISBN: 9781900222082 (Print) ISBN: 9781780402215 (eBook)
Integrated Design Viewpoint Exploration:Concept and Approach of System Controlity Design

This paper proposes a solution sketch by constructing a performance-index standard via exploring the commenly essential requirements by various control designs.Based on the sketch,this paper optimizes the system structure so that some better structures are obtained in conceptualisation design phrase for control design in a general sense.This sketch overcomes the complexity resulting from the traditional approach in integrated control design that directly connnects the designs of the basic structures and the task-based controllers.It provides a novel appoach for an integrated design of structrue-controller.
A Peak Current Reducing Method for Input-Independent and Output-Series Modular Converters With LC-Branch-Based Power Balancing Unit

Input-independent and output-series (IIOS) modular converters are characterized by high step-up ratio and independent maximum power point tracking and can therefore be used to integrate renewable energy into medium voltage dc grids. However, the associated power mismatch can lead to voltage imbalance of the submodules(SMs). At present, the only solution using no extra active switch involves the insertion of an LC-branch-based power balancing unit (PBU) between every two adjacent SMs (the SM and PBU share the switches). However, the considerable peak current of the shared switches threatens the security of the switches and increases the power loss. Therefore, this article considered the peak-current problem. A dual active bridge (DAB) converter was employed as the SM of the IIOS converter. The basis for the large peak current associated with the shared switches was analyzed and a peak current reducing method using the DAB inner-phase-shift control was proposed. The contribution of this article is that the current stress can be reduced and the power efficiency can be increased. A two-SM and 1000-W down-scaled experimental prototype was developed for verification of the theoretical analysis results. The peak currents and efficiencies with and without the proposed method were compared with experimental results.