Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Visuo-motor response of students living in areas of military threat

Background and Study Aim. In the modern fast-changing world, university students face a range of complex situations and challenges that require quick and accurate decision-making. In this context, the motor responses of students are crucial for successful adaptation to contemporary challenges. This is particularly important when students live in areas of military conflict. Therefore, the aim of this study is to assess the choice reaction and reaction time to visual stimuli through an online simulation test in university students. Material and Methods. The study involved students from three Ukrainian universities (physical culture faculties). A total of 86 students participated (men – n=38; women – n=48). An online simulation test was used to assess the visuo-motor reaction to visual stimuli. Information about the participants was collected through Google Form. For statistical analysis, the PyCharm CE development environment and various Python programming language libraries were used. Results. Differences in average visuo-motor reaction metrics were established among students from three universities. According to the test results, 9 men (27 clicks in 30 seconds) and 12 women (about 25 clicks in 30 seconds) were assigned to the first quartile. The best result was shown by students from university 2 (0.737 ± 0.19 ms). The best results by universities: men – university 3 (0.73 ± 0.106 ms); women – university 2 (0.785 ± 0.208 ms). It was determined that variations in time intervals between clicks decrease towards the end of the test. Conclusions. The impact of the conflict in Ukraine goes beyond direct physical threats, infiltrating the everyday existence of those in the impacted regions, encompassing college students. In such scenarios, prompt physical responses are vital for effectively adjusting to current challenges.
A field survey and Geographical Information Systems (GIS) based investigation of the archaeological landscape in the Niger River Valley, Republic of Benin

Abstract The Niger River Valley in the Republic of Benin is an archaeologically rich landscape, where hundreds of sites line the river’s tributaries. Before this doctoral research was conducted in the region, the landscape here was a terra-incognita. In order to archaeologically investigate the area, several methods were used consisting of a field walking survey, and the use of satellite remote sensing and Geographical Information Systems (GIS). An integration of these methods, which are commonly used in research out of Africa, showed the diverse nature of archaeology in this region. The field walking survey revealed the position of over 300 sites and around 50,000 material culture artefacts, comprising of mainly ceramic vessel sherds. The field survey was undertaken over 45 days and covered a total area of 25km2 within four geographical zones in the study area. A comprehensive gazetteer was produced from the data collected. Remote sensing methods that manipulate multispectral satellite imagery were used to identify sites from the air, because the archaeology of this region is not visible from standard air photographs. The mapping of sites using GIS facilitated in establishing fundamental landscape patterns, which helped substantiate theories surrounding West African urbanism and human-environment interactions. The results conveyed that settlements in this region favour areas where water is available, mainly close to perennial and ephemeral fluvial systems. Furthermore, the archaeological sites identified display strong evidence of spatial clustering, which has been shown in other West African contexts to be indicative of early urbanisation.
Blue Light and Temperature Actigraphy Measures Predicting Metabolic Health Are Linked to Melatonin Receptor Polymorphism

Simple Summary We examined the relationship between the circadian rhythms of activity, wrist temperature (wT), blue light exposure (BLE) and sleep with proxies of metabolic health (body mass index (BMI), leptin and cortisol) in Arctic residents during a single week at the spring equinox. We found that nocturnal BLE within a distinct time window is associated with a higher BMI but not with the actigraphy indices of sleep or motor activity. We determined an evening time window of non-overlapping 95% confidence intervals of BLE between groups with BMI < 25 and BMI > 25 kg/m2 between 9:30 p.m. and 0:30 a.m., with a threshold that is less than 1 lx. The area under the curve delineated by nocturnal BLE above recommended reference values represents the novel nocturnal excess index (NEIbl), which was the best actigraphy-based predictor of BMI. A higher BMI was also associated with lower 24 h wT, an association mostly characterizing those carrying the MTNR1B rs10830963 G-allele. In this allele carriers, a higher BMI was also closely related to NEIbl. A higher wake-after-sleep onset (WASO) correlated with higher leptin. Higher cortisol was associated with another novel index, the Daylight Deficit Index of blue light, DDIbl, and with an earlier onset of BLE. Abstract This study explores the relationship between the light features of the Arctic spring equinox and circadian rhythms, sleep and metabolic health. Residents (N = 62) provided week-long actigraphy measures, including light exposure, which were related to body mass index (BMI), leptin and cortisol. Lower wrist temperature (wT) and higher evening blue light exposure (BLE), expressed as a novel index, the nocturnal excess index (NEIbl), were the most sensitive actigraphy measures associated with BMI. A higher BMI was linked to nocturnal BLE within distinct time windows. These associations were present specifically in carriers of the MTNR1B rs10830963 G-allele. A larger wake-after-sleep onset (WASO), smaller 24 h amplitude and earlier phase of the activity rhythm were associated with higher leptin. Higher cortisol was associated with an earlier M10 onset of BLE and with our other novel index, the Daylight Deficit Index of blue light, DDIbl. We also found sex-, age- and population-dependent differences in the parametric and non-parametric indices of BLE, wT and physical activity, while there were no differences in any sleep characteristics. Overall, this study determined sensitive actigraphy markers of light exposure and wT predictive of metabolic health and showed that these markers are linked to melatonin receptor polymorphism.
Pengembangan Buku Panduan Praktikum Fisika Berbasis Problem Solving pada Materi Listrik Statis

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan bahan ajar berupa buku panduan praktikum berbasis problem solving pada materi listrik statis yang valid dan praktis. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMA Negeri 6 Palembang pada semester genap tahun ajaran 2022/2023 dengan subjek penelitian yaitu peserta didik kelas XII IPA. Penelitian ini menggunakan model pembelajaran problem solving dengan metode penelitian Research and Development (R&D) model Borg & Gall. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan berupa observasi, wawancara, angket, dan dokumentasi. Instrumen yang digunakan pada pengumpulan data yaitu angket yang diberikan kepada ahli materi, ahli media, ahli bahasa dan responden yang bertujuan untuk menguji divalidasi dan kepraktisan dari bahan ajar yang telah dikembangkan. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu telah dikembangkan buku panduan praktikum berbasis problem solving pada materi listrik statis yang telah divalidasi oleh para validator. Hasil validasi ahli materi sebesar 88%, ahli media sebesar 96%, dan ahli bahasa sebesar 98% dengan kategori sangat valid. Hasil uji coba lapangan diperoleh persentase respons peserta didik sebesar 89% dan respons pendidik sebesar 89% dengan kategori sangat praktis. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa bahan ajar berbasis problem solving pada materi listrik statis yang telah dikembangkan sangat valid dan sangat praktis serta dapat digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran.
Effectiveness of Single-Dose Oral Pilocarpine Administration in Patients with Sjögren’s Syndrome

In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of a single-dose oral pilocarpine administration on tear film (TF), as well as dry eye and dry mouth symptoms, in 53 eyes of 27 Sjögren syndrome (SS) patients who were experiencing dry mouth. To evaluate the changes in tear volume, a digital video-meniscometer was used to measure the radius of the lower central tear meniscus curvature (R, mm) of each eye at prior to the administration of 5 mg oral pilocarpine, and at 15 (R:(15)), 30 (R:(30)), and 60 (R:(60)) minutes after administration. The fluorescein breakup time (FBUT, seconds) and ocular and oral dryness symptoms were evaluated before and at 60 min after administration using a visual analogue scale (VAS, mm). A significant increase in R was observed at 15 and 30 min after administration compared to that at prior to administration. FBUT showed significant improvement at 60 min after administration, and the VAS score for ocular and oral dryness symptoms was found to have decreased significantly at 60 min after administration. A single-dose administration of 5 mg oral pilocarpine had a beneficial effect on TF, as well as on ocular and oral dryness symptoms, in patients with SS.
Geospatial Techniques in Health Survey to Overcome the Lack of Sampling Frame

Sampling frame is a complete list of items or population from which a sample is drawn. More often researchers face difficulties in getting an up to date line list of sampling units, especially in the field where rapid changes are frequent. In household surveys it is difficult as newly constructed houses are seen as a continuous process in urban as well as rural areas. To overcome this issue, in this paper, we proposed a novel method by using Google-Earth with the GIS technologies. A study was done with the primary objective to identify the health impact of people living in and around quarries/crusher units at Thiruneermalai region nearer to Chennai. Since the boundary of the study area is found to be radial, it was difficult in getting the complete line list of the people living within the required radius. To overcome the issue the entire region was divided into small 30 x 30 meter grid cells. A total of 43652 sampling units (grid cells) formed the sampling frame. Among them, the required sample size was selected for the study. This method of GIS based grid sampling serve as an alternate tool for developing sampling frame with no or least cost.
Millimeter Wave Patch Antenna Design Antenna for Future 5g Applications

A simple rectangular patch antenna operating in the unlicensed millimeter wave band is presented. The proposed antenna resonates at 38GHz with the corresponding return loss of -31dB, covering about 4GHz bandwidth which makes it a suitable candidate for the next generation (5G) wireless communication devices. The total profile of the designed structure is 5×4×0.64mm, other parameters such as VSWR, gain, and radiation pattern are also discussed in this paper. Keywords—Millimeter wave, 5G, patch antenna, wideband, coaxial probe feed
Posterior Protrusion Measures (PPM) for Three-Dimensional (3D) CT Classification of Pertrochanteric Fractures

Introduction We introduced a novel numerical index known as posterior protrusion measures (PPM), derived from lateral plain radiograph images, which effectively serves to distinguish stable from unstable pertrochanteric fractures. The present study aims to scrutinize PPM values among two classified fracture patterns, stable and unstable, within the three-dimensional (3D) CT classification system, establishing a numeric threshold for PPM to differentiate between these groups; explore the potential relationship between the PPM index and unclassified categories; investigate how groups divided by the PPM threshold value can predict fracture stability based on 3D CT. Materials and methods In this study, three observers were tasked with measuring PPM on a single occasion. The chi-square test assessed the association between each demographic parameter on a categorical scale and stable/unstable groups. Continuous variables were also subject to examination. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was employed to determine optimal cut-off points of PPM for predicting the presence of stable versus unstable groups. Additionally, the chi-square test examined the linear relation between separated groups based on the defined threshold PPM value and the stable/unstable groups. Results A total of 106 pertrochanteric fractures were identified using CT scan images and plain radiographs in the 3D CT classification system, revealing the stable group of 35 patients and the unstable group of 71 patients. The PPM values for stable/unstable fractures were, on average (± standard deviation), 0.34±0.25/0.50±0.29 for observer 1, 0.31±0.23/0.57±0.31 for observer 2, and 0.41±0.29/0.57±0.26 for observer 3, respectively (p<0.01). We established 0.3 as the cut-off value for PPM. The average PPM value among three observers represented each patient to assess fracture stability. The group with PPM <0.3 included 27 patients (16 stable and 11 unstable), and the group with PPM ≥0.3 group comprised 79 patients (19 stable and 60 unstable; p<0.005). Conclusion The present study revealed a significant difference in PPM values among stable and unstable 3D CT classification groups. Additionally, a threshold PPM value of 0.3 suggests a pivotal point for differentiating fracture stability. This innovative methodology makes a substantial contribution to clinical endeavors, potentially circumventing the necessity for 3D CT scanning.
Aberrant Mannosylated and Highly Fucosylated Glycoepitopes of Prostatic Acid Phosphatase as Potential Ligands for Dendritic-Cell Specific ICAM-Grabbing Nonintegrin (DC-SIGN) in Human Seminal Plasma—A Step towards Explaining Idiopathic Infertility

Semen prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) has been proposed as an endogenous ligand for dendritic cell-specific ICAM-3-grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN), which plays a critical immuno-modulating role in maintaining homeostasis in the female reproductive tracts. In the current study, we assumed that semen PAP bears a set of fucosylated and mannosylated glycans, which may mediate the efficient binding of PAP to DC-SIGN. To investigate this hypothesis, we developed ELISA assays using Galanthus nivalis and Lotus tetragonolobus lectins capable of binding mannose-containing glycans or LewisX and LewisY motifs, respectively. In our assay with Galanthus nivalis, we detected that the relative reactivity of PAP mannose-presenting glycans in the normozoospermic idiopathic group was significantly higher than in the asthenozoospermic, oligozoospermic and oligoasthenozoospermic groups. Simultaneously, we observed slight differences in the relative reactivities of PAP glycans with Lotus tetragonolobus lectin among groups of patients with abnormal semen parameters. Subsequently, we examined whether DC-SIGN interacts with seminal plasma PAP glycans, and we detected a significantly higher relative reactivity in the normozoospermic group compared to the oligozoospermic group. Finally, we concluded that the significantly aberrant abundance of mannosylated functional groups of PAP among patients with semen disorders can suggest that PAP may thereby be engaged in modulating the immune response and promoting a tolerogenic response to male antigens in the female reproductive system.
Diagnostic Utility of Interleukin-6 in Early-Onset Sepsis among Term Newborns: Impact of Maternal Risk Factors and CRP Evaluation

(1) Background: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels act as an early infection marker preceding C-reactive protein (CRP) elevation. This study seeks to analyze IL-6 behavior in suspected early-onset sepsis (EOS) cases among term newborns, comparing it to that of CRP and evaluating IL-6’s diagnostic utility. We also aim to assess the impact of maternal risk factors on EOS in term newborns, quantifying their influence for informed decision making. (2) Methods: The retrospective data analysis included 533 term newborns who were admitted to our hospital because of suspected EOS. IL-6, CRP, and the impact of maternal risk factors were analyzed in the context of EOS using binomial test, Chi-squared test, logistic and linear regression. (3) Results: In the cases of EOS, both IL-6 and CRP were elevated. The increase in CRP can be predicted by the initial increase in IL-6 levels. Among the assessed risk factors, intrapartum maternal fever (adjusted odds ratio 18.1; 95% CI (1.7–4.1)) was identified as the only risk factor significantly associated with EOS. (4) Conclusions: Employing IL-6 as an early infection marker enhanced EOS diagnostic precision due to its detectable early rise. However, caution is required, as elevations in IL-6 and CRP levels do not exclusively indicate EOS. Increased CRP levels in healthy newborns with maternal risk factors may be attributed to dynamics of vaginal labor.
Detection ratios of riparian songbirds

This paper presents preliminary results from the first year of a two-year study designed to evaluate bias in a typical songbird survey by examining differences in detection ratios among species, cover types, and time of the season. Detection ratios, calculated as number of individuals detected during a 15-25 minute fixed-width transect survey divided by the number of individuals shown to be present through intensive nest searching and territory mapping, were obtained for riparian songbirds on 22, 1.5-ha plots in southeastern Oregon. During intensive territory mapping and nest finding, overall, 80 percent of territories were identified after 3 hours of effort per plot, the estimated number of territories stabilized after about 9 hours, and nests or probable nests were located on 204 (78 percent) of the 261 identified territories. The pooled detection ratio for all species was 0.46 (±0.03 se). Species-specific detection ratios ranged from 0.59 in Song Sparrows to 0.20 in MacGillivray’s Warbler. The detection ratio was higher in willow/meadow cover type than in aspen, possibly due to the more frequent nest loss in willow/meadow and presumably higher detectability of re-nesting pairs, the higher density of individuals and species in aspen, and the greater structural complexity of aspen. Total detections were higher earlier in the season (17-22 May) than later (31 May-19 June), suggesting a decline in detectability with nesting phenology. Further study to understand the visual and auditory detectability of individual territory-holders as a function of distance from the observer, stage of nesting, paired status, date, time of day, and various other factors, will help evaluate potential sources of bias and aid in identifying rapid survey methods that are likely to be most efficient.
Perfil clínico y funcional de pacientes con diagnóstico de ACv, atendidos durante año 2009 en Servicio de Rehabilitación, Hospital Militar de Santiago

The early rehabilitation is recognized as a key factor in the prognosis of patients with stroke, but the way it should be done is not clarified. National and international guidelines have been developed that establish certain standards, which are not always able to be implemented in the reality of each center. This descriptive study presents the characteristics of a group of hospitalized patients who receive rehabilitation unorganized during the acute phase of stroke and their clinical / functional within two years. The epidemiological and clinical characteristics generally were similar to those reported in the literature. In most patients are not recorded or test scales to quantify the shortfall. It is observed that the majority receive early attention by physiotherapist and occupational therapist. Assessments for medical rehabilitation and multidisciplinary team meeting are less common and more complex patients, but in this group of patients at two years have seen a decrease in the number of deficiencies and complications. Multiple factors may be involved in the functional outcome of patients, which needs to be studied in future. Given that there is underreporting of clinical evaluations of importance to develop individualized rehabilitation plans for each patient, we propose a registration pattern with which we consider elevant.
POLICY ARENA REDUCING THE CLIMATE VULNERABILITY OF COASTAL COMMUNITIES IN SAMOA

This paper describes a project undertaken in Samoa to address climate change and other hazards, the method from which could provide a useful model for other small island developing states (SIDS). To reduce Samoa's coastal vulnerability and strengthen institutional and community response capability, land use planning and disaster management frameworks were integrated through: (1) Developing coastal infrastructure management plans for every district supported by a national strategy and integrated with national disaster management arrangements. (2) Intensive participatory village consultation which respected traditional and emerging cultural practices. (3) Training government staff to undertake the consultation work in villages and build capacity. Copyright # 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
BD-SKUNet: Selective-Kernel UNets for Building Damage Assessment in High-Resolution Satellite Images

When natural disasters occur, timely and accurate building damage assessment maps are vital for disaster management responders to organize their resources efficiently. Pairs of pre- and post-disaster remote sensing imagery have been recognized as invaluable data sources that provide useful information for building damage identification. Recently, deep learning-based semantic segmentation models have been widely and successfully applied to remote sensing imagery for building damage assessment tasks. In this study, a two-stage, dual-branch, UNet architecture, with shared weights between two branches, is proposed to address the inaccuracies in building footprint localization and per-building damage level classification. A newly introduced selective kernel module improves the performance of the model by enhancing the extracted features and applying adaptive receptive field variations. The xBD dataset is used to train, validate, and test the proposed model based on widely used evaluation metrics such as F1-score and Intersection over Union (IoU). Overall, the experiments and comparisons demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed model. In addition, the results are further confirmed by evaluating the geographical transferability of the proposed model on a completely unseen dataset from a new region (Bam city earthquake in 2003).
Cardiac and physico-chemical responses to xylazine and fentanyl analgesia in Bubalus bubalis

The minor surgical intervention and safe restraining requires sedation and analgesia especially in furious animals like buffaloes which can be achieved by using proper combination of sedative and analgesic drugs. The combination of xylazine with opioids is an effective way to achieve sedation and analgesia in cattle and horses. Six apparently healthy buffaloes having minor wounds were included in the present study. The sedation was accomplished by fentanyl (5 µg per kg b.wt) plus xylazine (0.05 mg per kg b.wt) intravenously. Physiological, hematobiochemical and electrocardiographic parameters were observed at different time interval after the administration of drugs. Following the administration of medicine, there was a significant reduction in heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial blood pressure, hemoglobin, and packed cell volume. Respiration rate increased significantly at 30 minutes interval. PR interval and QT interval increased significantly at 20 minutes and 15 minutes respectively of the observation period, whereas a significant increase in the duration of ST segment was noticed from 15 minutes to 30 minutes. The present study revealed that the drug combination has no deleterious effects on cardiopulmonary, hematobiochemical and physiological parameters during the observation period.