Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Scaling of microwave noise and small-signal parameters of InP/InGaAs DHBT with high DC current gain

The scaling of noise and small-signal parameters of InP double heterojunction bipolar transistors (DHBTs) with high DC gain are presented for the first time in this brief. As InP DHBTs have very low surface recombination and high DC current gain, the large size device can be viewed as consisting of n identical subcells. Using this approach, a set of equations was derived, which relate the noise and small-signal parameters between the large-size device and the subcells for scaling purposes. The experimental and theoretical results show that at the same collector current density and collector-emitter voltage, good scaling of the noise and small-signal parameters can be achieved between the large-size device and the subcells. Because of the nonscalable external base-collector capacitor (C/sub bc/), the effects of C/sub bc/ on the noise and small-signal parameters are also investigated. The large base-collector capacitance acts as a negative feedback providing the lower minimum noise figure value and higher value of the imaginary part of the optimum source admittance. The good agreement between the measured and the calculated results supports the scaling approach developed in this work for InP DHBTs that may be useful for the design of high frequency circuits using InP-based HBTs.
Solving sampling bias problems in presence–absence or presence‐only species data using zero‐inflated models

Large databases of species records such as those generated through citizen science projects, archives or museum collections are being used with increasing frequency in species distribution modelling (SDM) for conservation and land management. Despite the broad spatial and temporal coverage of the data, its application is often limited by the issue of sampling bias and consequently, zero inflation; there are more zeros (which are potentially ‘false absences’) in the data than expected. Here, we demonstrate how pooling species presence data into a ‘pseudo‐abundance’ count can allow identification and removal of sampling bias through the use of zero‐inflated (ZI) models, and thus solve a common SDM problem.
High‐resolution microscopic diffusion anisotropy imaging in the human hippocampus at 3T

Several neurological conditions are associated with microstructural changes in the hippocampus that can be observed using DWI. Imaging studies often use protocols with whole‐brain coverage, imposing limits on image resolution and worsening partial‐volume effects. Also, conventional single‐diffusion‐encoding methods confound microscopic diffusion anisotropy with size variance of microscopic diffusion environments. This study addresses these issues by implementing a multidimensional diffusion‐encoding protocol for microstructural imaging of the hippocampus at high resolution.
An influence of nonlinearities on PM and AM noises in BJT amplifiers

Nonlinear analysis of PM and AM noise in BJT amplifiers is interesting both for understanding of the field of linear analysis applicability, and for some applications in practice. In this paper an approach to nonlinear amplifier analysis developed previously is applied to calculation of 1/f PM and AM noise in common emitter BJT amplifier with emitter feedback. An influence of input signal level, parameters of unbypassed resistance and bypassed resistance in emitter circuit on 1/f PM and AM noise power spectral densities is investigated for different signal frequencies. Effects of 1/f PM noise compensation in amplifiers with complex feedback, that were previously reported, are considered in nonlinear mode of operation. Based on these results full power spectral densities of PM and AM noises due to both wideband noise sources and 1/f noise sources are calculated for several input signal levels.
Repeated Social Defeat Exaggerates Fibrin-Rich Clot Formation by Enhancing Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation via Platelet–Neutrophil Interactions

Depression is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). We have previously shown that repeated social defeat (RSD) exaggerates atherosclerosis development by enhancing neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation. In this study, we investigated the impact of RSD on arterial thrombosis. Eight-week-old male wild-type mice (C57BL/6J) were exposed to RSD by housing with larger CD-1 mice in a shared home cage. They were subjected to vigorous physical contact daily for 10 consecutive days. After confirming depression-like behaviors, mice underwent FeCl3-induced carotid arterial injury and were analyzed after 3 h. Although the volume of thrombi was comparable between the two groups, fibrin(ogen)-positive areas were significantly increased in defeated mice, in which Ly-6G-positive cells were appreciably co-localized with Cit-H3-positive staining. Treatment with DNase I completely diminished exaggerated fibrin-rich clot formation in defeated mice. Flow cytometric analysis showed that neutrophil CD11b expression before FeCl3 application was significantly higher in defeated mice than in control mice. In vitro NET formation induced by activated platelets was significantly augmented in defeated mice, which was substantially inhibited by anti-CD11b antibody treatment. Our findings demonstrate that RSD enhances fibrin-rich clot formation after arterial injury by enhancing NET formation, suggesting that NET can be a new therapeutic target in depression-related CVD.
Surge protection of a large medium voltage motor-a case study

The raw mill motor in a cement mill had been damaged by repeated switching surges and subsequently rewound. New arresters were placed on the motor at that time. The surges coming in to the motor were measured, and the surge protection was reviewed. It was found that the original gapped silicon carbide surge arresters on the motor had insufficient protective margin, while the new zinc oxide arresters provided an adequate margin. The operation of the surge capacitors in protecting the motor was analyzed. Surge protection and insulation coordination should be reviewed in comprehensive power system studies.
Pemodelan topik pada dokumen paten terkait pupuk di Indonesia berbasis Latent Dirichlet Allocation

Introduction. Fertilizer is one of the most important production factors in the world of agriculture. It is crucial to increase the capacity of technology related to fertilizers. Analysis of patent documents can be one way to analyze technological developments, especially fertilizers. Data Collection Methods. The data used in this research are metadata, especially the title and abstract of a patent document in Indonesia. With the keyword "fertilizer," Patent metadata was processed in the 1945-2017 period. Data Analysis. The LDA model can provide a reasonable interpretation regarding topic modeling based on text data. Results and Discussion. The results find that degree of the patent title is better than the abstract of the patent. The LDA approach can adequately separate the topics of fertilizer patent technology so that it does not have multiple interpretations. Conclusion. Based on the findings, there are nine essential topics in the development of fertilizer technology. There is a phenomenon of the lack of technology collaboration between IPC technology sections.
Analytical and Experimental Study of Conical Telescoping Springs With Nonconstant Pitch

Most research papers that exploit conical springs focus only on conical springs with a constant pitch. In order to increase the range of possibilities for designers, this paper proposes a study of conical springs with other types of spirals projected on the conical shape. This study is related to three other types of conical springs: with a constant helix angle, with a constant stress at solid and with a fully linear load-length relation. For each spring, we give the equation of the spiral, the formula of the initial stiffness, and formulae to calculate the nonlinear part of the load-length relation for fully telescoping springs. We also report an experimental study performed to analyze the accuracy of the proposed study based on springs made by fused deposition modeling.
Rare and Extreme Wildland Fire in Sakha in 2021

A large-scale wildland fire occurred in Sakha in 2021. The results of fire analysis showed that the total number of hotspots in 2021 exceeded 267,000. This is about 5.8 times the average number of fires over the last 19 years since 2002. The largest daily number of hotspots in 2021 was 16,226, detected on 2 August. On 7 August, about half of the daily hotspots (52.6% = 8175/15,537 × 100) were detected in a highest fire density area (HFA, 62.5–65° N, 125–130° E) near Yakutsk under strong southeasterly wind (wind velocity about 12 m/s (43 km/h)). The results of weather analysis using various weather maps are as follows: The large meandering westerlies due to stagnant low-pressure systems in the Barents Sea brought high-pressure systems and warm air masses from the south to high latitudes, creating warm, dry conditions that are favorable conditions for fire. In addition to these, strong southeasterly winds at lower air levels blew which were related to the development of high-pressure systems in the Arctic Ocean. The HFA was located in the strong wind region (>8 m/s) of the v-wind map. The record-breaking Sakha fire season of 2021 is an example of extreme phenomena wrought by rapid climate change.
Hydrology, society, change and uncertainty

Heraclitus, who predicated that “panta rhei”, also proclaimed that “time is a child playing, throwing dice”. Indeed, change and uncertainty are tightly connected. The type of change that can be predicted with accuracy is usually trivial. Also, decision making under certainty is mostly trivial. The current acceleration of change, due to unprecedented human achievements in technology, inevitably results in increased uncertainty. In turn, the increased uncertainty makes the society apprehensive about the future, insecure and credulous to a developing future-telling industry. Several scientific disciplines, including hydrology, tend to become part of this industry. The social demand for certainties, no matter if these are delusional, is combined by a misconception in the scientific community confusing science with uncertainty elimination. However, recognizing that uncertainty is inevitable and tightly connected with change will help to appreciate the positive sides of both. Hence, uncertainty becomes an important object to study, understand and model. Decision making under uncertainty, developing adaptability and resilience for an uncertain future, and using technology and engineering means for planned change to control the environment are important and feasible tasks, all of which will benefit from advancements in the Hydrology of Uncertainty.
Shape design of an engine mount by a method of parametric shape optimization

Abstract In order to obtain an automatically designed shape of engine mount, the authors introduce the shape design process using the method of parameter optimization. The optimization code is developed and used with a commercial non-linear finite element program to determine the shape that satisfies the stiffness requirements of engine mounts. A bush type engine mount used in a passenger car is chosen for the application model. The stiffness of the optimized model along the principal direction is compared to the design specification of the mount. The shape obtained from the parameter optimization is considered to be acceptable. It can be seen that a well-defined parametric approach is successful in the design of the basic shape of engine mounts.
Worming the Circular Economy for Biowaste and Plastics: Hermetia illucens, Tenebrio Molitor and Zophobas morio

The negative impact of the modern-day lifestyle on the environment is aggravated during the COVID-19 pandemic through the increased use of single-use plastics from food takeaways to medical supplies. Similarly, the closure of food outlets and disrupted supply chains have also resulted in significant food wastage. As the pandemic rages on, the aggravation of increased waste becomes an increasingly urgent problem that threatens the biodiversity, ecosystems, and human health worldwide through pollution. While there are existing methods to deal with the organic and plastic waste, many of the solutions also cause additional problems. Increasingly proposed as a natural solution to man-made unnatural problems, there are insect solutions for dealing with the artificial and organic waste products towards a circular economy, making the use of natural insect solutions commercially sustainable. This review discusses the findings and how some of these insects, particularly the Hermetia illucens, Tenebrio molitor, and Zophobas morio, can play an increasing important role in food and plastics, with a focus on the latter.
Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition Signaling and Prostate Cancer Stem Cells: Emerging Biomarkers and Opportunities for Precision Therapeutics

Prostate cancers may reactivate a latent embryonic program called the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) during the development of metastatic disease. Through EMT, tumors can develop a mesenchymal phenotype similar to cancer stem cell traits that contributes to metastasis and variation in therapeutic responses. Some of the recurrent somatic mutations of prostate cancer affect EMT driver genes and effector transcription factors that induce the chromatin- and androgen-dependent epigenetic alterations that characterize castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). EMT regulators in prostate cancer comprise transcription factors (SNAI1/2, ZEB1, TWIST1, and ETS), tumor suppressor genes (RB1, PTEN, and TP53), and post-transcriptional regulators (miRNAs) that under the selective pressures of antiandrogen therapy can develop an androgen-independent metastatic phenotype. In prostate cancer mouse models of EMT, Slug expression, as well as WNT/β-Catenin and notch signaling pathways, have been shown to increase stemness potential. Recent single-cell transcriptomic studies also suggest that the stemness phenotype of advanced prostate cancer may be related to EMT. Other evidence correlates EMT and stemness with immune evasion, for example, activation of the polycomb repressor complex I, promoting EMT and stemness and cytokine secretion through RB1, TP53, and PRC1. These findings are helping clinical trials in CRPC that seek to understand how drugs and biomarkers related to the acquisition of EMT can improve drug response.
Digitalization Of Hr: Challenges And Prospects For Development In Enterprise Personnel Management

This article focuses on the digitalization of HR, which has attracted increasing attention in recent years. The authors identify the main reasons for the digitalization of HR, as well as opportunities to address them further in the process. The authors believe that the process of digitalization in today's environment is irreversible and that enterprises should pay attention to this important aspect. Most business managers are unprepared for digitalization and believed that it would have a negative impact on employment. On the contrary, another part of business managers is actively adopting digital technologies, trying to strengthen the skills of employees to meet the demands of the labour market. The authors note that the digitalization of HR involves achieving the company's strategic goals. After all, HR professionals are responsible for assimilating employees into the organization and further incentivizing them. Unfortunately, not all business managers understand the importance of digital technology and do not give it the attention it deserves. A great role in the effective formation of HR services is the availability of personnel consisting of specialists with a psychological background and capable of grasping mathematical problems. The authors believe that the demand for such specialists will increase every year. After all, HR specialists become the strategic centre of a company's development influencing the formation of its HR brand. In today's environment, most businesses prefer to do business online, which has been the trigger for new HR approaches. 2357-1330 © 2021 Published by European Publisher.
Utility interface issues for line connected PWM voltage source converters: a comparative study

This paper examines the interface issues which occur when pulse width modulated (PWM) voltage source power converters (VSCs) are connected to the utility. In particular, it investigates the line current total harmonic distortion (THD) characteristics of various current regulated PWM (CRPWM) techniques with constraints on the power converter average switching frequency (power converter efficiency) and passive filter size (filter cost). Various CRPWM methods with proper filter and controller structures have been studied and evaluated by means of computer simulations for the utility interface with a variable speed wind turbine generating system. Dynamic performance has been evaluated as well as the steady state light load, full load, leading, lagging and unity power factor operating conditions. <<ETX>>
Assessment of system voltage sag performance based on the concept of area of severity

This study presents a new approach for voltage sag assessment based on the concept of ‘area of severity’ (AOS). The network regions, where the fault occurrences will simultaneously lead to voltage sags at different sensitive load points, can be determined by performing an AOS analysis. The impact rankings of the network lines and buses are also addressed. The impact rankings are determined according to the contribution degree of each line and bus faults to the total expected number of voltage sags in the power system. The concepts of AOS and the impact ranking are useful in establishing efficient planning for the mitigation of voltage sags, and for evaluating the relationship between sensitive load points and system voltage sag performance.
Effect of a health claim on consumer acceptance of milk-based dessert containing omega-3

This study was to evaluate the influence of information on the addition of omega-3 and its health benefits in the acceptance of dairy dessert. The hedonic thresholds methodology was applied in two trials: blind and open-label. In the blind trial, no information was provided to consumers regarding the formulation of the flans. In the open-label trial, consumers received the information on the addition of omega-3 and its health benefits. The value of compromised acceptance threshold (CAT) was not influenced by the information on the addition of omega-3 and its health benefits. However, there was a high increase in the value of hedonic rejection threshold (HRT) when the consumers were informed of the benefits of omega-3, and it was possible to increase the addition of the compound in the flans by up to 21.03% without causing product rejection, confirming the positive effect of information on health benefits in accptance.
An improved full scanning antenna using left‐handed materials

An improved version of full scanning antenna using left‐handed metamaterial is reported in this article. The antenna profile is designed based on microstrip technology using balanced composite right left handed transmission lines (CRLH TL) approach. Conventional LC network representation of the CRLH TL uses cascaded combination of interdigital capacitor (IDC) in series and vias to the ground plane at the stub ends in shunt, whereas in this article, the design of full scanning antenna using wire‐bonded IDC is reported and its performance is compared with conventional IDC based full scanning antenna. Dispersion diagram of the balanced CRLH TL based dominant mode leaky wave antenna shows the capability of backfire (−90° < θ < 0°) to broadside (θ = 0°) and to endfire (0° < θ < 90°) scanning. Radiation patterns confirm the full scanability of the antenna and it also shows the designed structure has reduced sidelobes in the endfire radiations. Simulated and measured return loss characteristics of the reported antenna structure show an increase in the antenna's operational bandwidth. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:261–265, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27333
Algorithm for Equilibrium Transit Assignment Problem

Transit assignment is an important problem in the literature of transportation. Almost all competitive algorithms in this area are strategy based. For uncongested transit networks, the problem may be formulated into an optimization problem for which good solution algorithms exist. A variational inequality formulation of the problem with several solution methods is also presented in the literature for congested networks. This paper is devoted to solving a transit assignment problem based on complementarity formulation using path flows. The solution algorithm exploits the three concepts of decomposition, path generation, and linearization. The procedure has been applied on a large-scale real-case transit network under fixed travel times as well as flow-dependent dwell times. Computational experiments show rapid convergence of the algorithm. Moreover, for the limited experiments performed, the computational time for the flow-dependent problem is only about twice that of the case for the fixed travel times, without an appreciable excess memory requirement.
Android App Size Reduction: Analysis and different methodology

Android App size and its performance optimization are the key for any successful App. These keys are essential for increasing the install rate and also ensures it's reachability to low-end devices. Google has come up with solutions like dynamic delivery and bundle etc. to reduce the app size but with some constraints. This paper focuses on new size reduction concepts and methods that override these constraints and help in size reduction effectively. These size reduction methods will not only help in reducing the app size but also will help in app dynamicity. Images contribute heavily towards the increase in app size. Nowadays, device resolution has evolved drastically and those devices need to use high-resolution images which directly add a significant rise in App size. This has been addressed a little bit by the creation of an App bundle based on device density, but it still requires keeping few versions of image resolution in the native App. Is it possible deliver all images of the screen (or all images of the App) as a bundle and integrate it with the App in runtime? Our main goal is to keep the code and images independent of each other in such a way that they can be delivered separately. We will keep the code in the native App which will be downloaded as a base App while all the images will be downloaded from the distributed system once then App has been installed. There is no direct mechanism to achieve it as the image id is generated at the time of compilation but we can override it. In this dynamic era, all Apps need to be dynamic and their content/view need to be updated without any new app update unless it has major changes involved. So far, all methodology revolves around native app rendering and hybrid (web view/App) rendering. WebView has its rendering mechanism across different devices which consists of mapping of web components and native OS components. We want to keep the native rendering while also allowing to change the UI at any point in time to support App dynamicity. This will not involve any App update but requires back-end releases that redirect App UI change. This will also reduce the number of XML files that are responsible for App layouts.