Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Signal Reconstruction After Noisy Nonlinear Transformations

Abstract : A deterministic signal in zero means Gaussian noise N is observed through a zero memory nonlinearity f(x). The reconstruction of the signal is considered when the nonlinearity, the noise covariance and the first or second order moments of the output process f(s+n) are known. Arbitrary signals can be reconstructed for monotonic and certain odd, not necessarily monotonic, nonlinearities; included here are hard limiters, quantizers and infinite interval windows. Arbitrary signals can be reconstructed, up to a global sign, for two distinct classes of even nonlinearities; included here are 2v-th law devices and symmetric interval windows. (Author)
Morphometry of thenar muscles by water bath ultrasonography in trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis: intra- and inter-rater reliability

We studied the intra- and inter-rater reliability of muscle thickness and cross-sectional area measurements of thenar muscles with a water bath ultrasonography technique in eight healthy volunteers and 16 patients with trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis. Thickness and cross-sectional area of the opponens pollicis, abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis, first dorsal interosseous and adductor pollicis muscle were measured. The results showed changes in the morphometric properties of the thenar muscles in patients with trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis (TMC OA) compared with the healthy volunteers. In the dominant-sided patients (n = 14), there were lower cross-sectional area values for the abductor pollicis brevis and opponens pollicis muscles. In the non-dominant-sided patients (n = 10), there were lower cross-sectional area values for the abductor pollicis brevis and flexor pollicis brevis and lower muscle thickness of the abductor pollicis brevis. The water bath ultrasonography technique could be used to diagnose and treat diseases where changes in thenar muscle thickness and cross-sectional area can be expected. Level of evidence: III
Free-Space Wide-Aperture Sheet-Isolator Based on a Multilayered Resonant Cavity

We introduce the first conceptual design of a free-space thin-sheet isolator with unlimited aperture and the possibility of a broadband omnidirectional rejection of the backward propagating light. The proposed design involves a multilayered resonant cavity incorporating subwavelength magnetic layers, dichroic nanolayers, and an optional metallic nanolayer. The cavity resonance enhances the Faraday rotation produced by the subwavelength magnetic layers, while providing nearly total absorption of the backward-propagating light by the dichroic nanolayers. The latter is a necessary and the most challenging condition for a thin-sheet isolator with unlimited aperture to function. The (optional) metallic nanolayer provides rejection of the obliquely incident light, which otherwise would be partially transmitted in either direction. Our numerical simulations and quasi-optical measurements at millimeter-wave frequencies illustrate how the key elements of the layered-sheet isolator work. Our approach can be scaled down to long- and mid-infrared wavelengths.
Refractory Behçet’s disease treated with low-dose interleukin-2: A case report

Rationale: Behçet’s disease (BD) is an autoimmune disease presented with recurrent oral aphthous ulcers, genital ulcers, uveitis and skin lesions. The cutaneous manifestations are often refractory and more resistant to conventional therapy. This report provides a new treatment of low-dose interleukin-2 (IL-2) with refractory BD patient. Patient concerns: A 37-year-old female patient experienced oral ulcer and erythema nodosum on the right leg for over 12 months and resisted to Methylprednisolone and Thalidomide. Diagnoses: The patient suffered from recurrent painful oral ulceration and an erythema nodosum. Pathergy test is also positive. Thus, we diagnosed her as BD according to the International Criteria for Behçet’s Disease (ICBD). Interventions: The patient took Methylprednisolone 8 mg qd, Thalidomide 50 mg qn and Hydroxychloroquine 200 mg bid successively as treatment. However, the medicine didn’t take effect. Finally, this patient was given low-dose IL-2 intramuscular injection qod for 3 months. Outcomes: Oral ulcers and the erythema disappeared and the patient has been symptom-free for 6 months. Lessons: low-dose IL-2 is a safe and effective treatment for refractory BD.
NetCellMatch: Multiscale Network‐Based Matching of Cancer Cell Lines to Patients Using Graphical Wavelets

Cancer cell lines serve as model in vitro systems for investigating therapeutic interventions. Recent advances in high‐throughput genomic profiling have enabled the systematic comparison between cell lines and patient tumor samples. The highly interconnected nature of biological data, however, presents a challenge when mapping patient tumors to cell lines. Standard clustering methods can be particularly susceptible to the high level of noise present in these datasets and only output clusters at one unknown scale of the data. In light of these challenges, we present NetCellMatch, a robust framework for network‐based matching of cell lines to patient tumors. NetCellMatch first constructs a global network across all cell line‐patient samples using their genomic similarity. Then, a multi‐scale community detection algorithm integrates information across topologically meaningful (clustering) scales to obtain Network‐Based Matching Scores (NBMS). NBMS are measures of cluster robustness which map patient tumors to cell lines. We use NBMS to determine representative “avatar” cell lines for subgroups of patients. We apply NetCellMatch to reverse‐phase protein array data obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas for patients and the MD Anderson Cell Line Project for cell lines. Along with avatar cell line identification, we evaluate connectivity patterns for breast, lung, and colon cancer and explore the proteomic profiles of avatars and their corresponding top matching patients. Our results demonstrate our framework's ability to identify both patient‐cell line matches and potential proteomic drivers of similarity. Our methods are general and can be easily adapted to other'omic datasets.
Interactive role of miR‐29, miR‐93, miR‐205, and VEGF in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma

Salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC) is one of the most common salivary gland tumors in which patients encounter local recurrence and lung metastases. Understanding prognostic biomarkers in SACC is essential for future development in prognosis and treatment. This study aimed to assess the expression level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its potential regulatory microRNAs in SACC for prognostic determination.
Near-infrared fluorescence guided laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the spectrum of complicated gallstone disease

ICG fluorescence (ICGF) guidance during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is gaining wider acceptance. While the accruing data largely addresses ICGF guidance during LC in patients with uncomplicated gallstone disease (UGS) and acute cholecystitis, there is a paucity of data related for complicated gall stone disease (CGS) such as choledocholithiasis, bilio-enteric fistula, remnant gall bladder, etc. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of ICGF during LC in the spectrum of CGS with state of the art 4 chip camera system. Retrospective review from a prospectively maintained database of all patients who underwent ICGF guided LC during the period June 1st, 2019 till December 30th, 2021 formed part of the study. Clinical profile and findings on ICGF during LC for CGS were studied. The data was studied to evaluate the potential roles of ICGF during LC for CGS. Of 68 patients, there were 29 males and 39 females. Among them were 32 and 36 in the uncomplicated and complicated gallstone disease groups, respectively. ICGF showed CBD visualization in 67(98.5%) and cystic duct in 62(91%). ICGF guidance helped in management of CGS, prior to, during and after completion of LC. It had novel application in patients undergoing CBD exploration. In our small series of patients with CGS, ICGF guidance enabled a LC and laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy in 94% and 6% of patients respectively. The study highlights potential roles and advantages with ICGF guided laparoscopic management for CBD stones, bilioenteric fistula, completion cholecystectomy and cystic duct stones. Large scale multicenter prospective studies are required to clarify the role of ICGF in the wide spectrum of CGS.
Iron deficiency and cardiovascular disease

Abstract Iron deficiency (ID) is common in patients with cardiovascular disease. Up to 60% of patients with coronary artery disease, and an even higher proportion of those with heart failure (HF) or pulmonary hypertension have ID; the evidence for cerebrovascular disease, aortic stenosis and atrial fibrillation is less robust. The prevalence of ID increases with the severity of cardiac and renal dysfunction and is probably more common amongst women. Insufficient dietary iron, reduced iron absorption due to increases in hepcidin secondary to the low-grade inflammation associated with atherosclerosis and congestion or reduced gastric acidity, and increased blood loss due to anti-thrombotic therapy or gastro-intestinal or renal disease may all cause ID. For older people in the general population and patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), both anaemia and ID are associated with a poor prognosis; each may confer independent risk. There is growing evidence that ID is an important therapeutic target for patients with HFrEF, even if they do not have anaemia. Whether this is also true for other HF phenotypes or patients with cardiovascular disease in general is currently unknown. Randomized trials showed that intravenous ferric carboxymaltose improved symptoms, health-related quality of life and exercise capacity and reduced hospitalizations for worsening HF in patients with HFrEF and mildly reduced ejection fraction (<50%). Since ID is easy to treat and is effective for patients with HFrEF, such patients should be investigated for possible ID. This recommendation may extend to other populations in the light of evidence from future trials.
Multiphonon anharmonic decay of a quantum mode

A nonperturbativetheory ofm ultiphonon anharm onictransitionsbetween energy levelsofa local m ode ispresented.Itisshown thatthe rate oftransitionsrearrangesnearthe criticallevelnum ber n cr :atsm aller n theprocessslowsdown,whileatlarger n itacceleratesin tim e,causing a jum p-like lossofenergy followed by the generation ofphonon bursts.D epending on param eters,phononsare em itted in pairs,tripletsetc. The nonlineardynam icsofstrong vibrationalexcitationsin crystalshasattracted rem arkableattention during the last years. The opportunities ofapplying novelnum ericaltechniques play an essentialrole in the investigation of nonlinear discrete system s,allowing for the observation ofdi(cid:11)erent phenom ena. O ne ofthe e(cid:11)ects,the existence oflocalized vibrations in a pure anharm onic lattice (so-called intrinsic localm odes (ILM ) or self-localized solitons (SLS)) 1 { 5 ,is ofparticular interest,as it links locallattice dynam ics to the physics ofsolitons and underlines,in general,the im portance ofstrongly excited localm odes. So far the research ofstrong anharm onic e(cid:11)ects in lattice dynam ics as wellas m olecular dynam
Efficacy and safety of risankizumab for active psoriatic arthritis: 52-week results from the KEEPsAKE 1 study

Abstract Objective PsA is a chronic disease with heterogeneous clinical manifestations requiring treatment options with long-term efficacy and safety. In this follow-up analysis, the 52-week efficacy and safety of risankizumab 150 mg in patients with active PsA who had previous inadequate response/intolerance to one or more conventional synthetic DMARDs (csDMARD-IR) were evaluated. Methods KEEPsAKE 1 is an ongoing, global, phase 3 study with a 24-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled period (period 1) and an open-label extension period (period 2). In period 1, eligible patients were randomized 1:1 to receive subcutaneous risankizumab 150 mg or placebo at weeks 0, 4 and 16. At week 24 (period 2), all continuing patients received open-label risankizumab 150 mg every 12 weeks through week 208. Results At week 24, 57.3% of risankizumab-treated patients (n = 483) achieved ≥20% improvement in ACR criteria (ACR20) vs 33.5% of placebo-treated patients (n = 481; P < 0.001). At week 52, 70.0% of patients who were randomized to receive continuous risankizumab therapy and 63.0% of patients who were randomized to receive placebo in period 1 and then receive risankizumab at week 24 achieved ACR20. Similar result trends were observed for other efficacy measures. Risankizumab was well tolerated through 52 weeks of treatment with a consistent safety profile from week 24 through week 52. Conclusion In patients with active PsA who were csDMARD-IR, continuous risankizumab treatment demonstrated robust long-term efficacy and was well tolerated through 52 weeks of treatment. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, http://clinicaltrials.gov, KEEPsAKE1, NCT03675308.
LncRNA SNHG22 promotes gastric cancer progression by regulating the miR-101-3p/e2f2 axis

ABSTRACT Gastric cancer (GC) still poses a significant threat to human life. Hence, there is an urgent need to understand the mechanism of GC progression and develop novel therapeutics approach to treating GC. This study was conducted to evaluate the role of the lncRNA SNHG22 in the progression of GC. First, GC data from TCGA were analyzed using GEPIA. After the starbase database was used to predict SNHG22 target miRNA and miR-101-3p target mRNA. The predictions were validated using a dual-luciferase reporter assay, biotinylated RNA pull-down assay, and RIP-qRT-PCR. The relative expression of SNHG22, miR-101-3p, and E2F2 was measured by qRT-PCR and western blot (WB) analysis, while the mechanism of GC cell proliferation was elucidated through the colony formation and CCK-8 assay. Our result showed that SNHG22 was upregulated significantly in GC tissue samples from TCGA database, GC cell lines, and clinical tissue samples, and its expression was related to low survival rate of gastric cancer patients. Bioinformatics prediction predicted miR-101-3p as the potential target of SNHG22 and E2F2 genes as miR-101-3p target mRNA. We found that E2F2 expression was negatively associated with overall survival of GC patients. Functional study showed that silencing SNHG22 markedly inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of GC cells as well as in vivo tumor growth. This was reversed after inhibiting miR-101-3p or overexpressing E2F2. The lncRNA SNHG22 promotes the proliferation, migration, and invasion of GC cells via the miR-101-3p/E2F2 axis. SNHG22 might be a potential prognostic indicator in gastric cancer.
The Absence of Parkin Does Not Promote Dopamine or Mitochondrial Dysfunction in PolgAD257A/D257A Mitochondrial Mutator Mice

Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). In this study, we generated a transgenic model by crossing germline Parkin–/– mice with PolgAD257A mice, an established model of premature aging and mitochondrial stress. We hypothesized that loss of Parkin–/– in PolgAD257A/D257A mice would exacerbate mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to loss of dopamine neurons and nigral-striatal specific neurobehavioral motor dysfunction. We found that aged Parkin–/–/PolgAD257A/D257A male and female mice exhibited severe behavioral deficits, nonspecific to the nigral-striatal pathway, with neither dopaminergic neurodegeneration nor reductions in striatal dopamine. We saw no difference in expression levels of nuclear-encoded subunits of mitochondrial markers and mitochondrial Complex I and IV activities, although we did observe substantial reductions in mitochondrial-encoded COX41I, indicating mitochondrial dysfunction as a result of PolgAD257A/D257A mtDNA mutations. Expression levels of mitophagy markers LC3I/LC3II remained unchanged between cohorts, suggesting no overt mitophagy defects. Expression levels of the parkin substrates, VDAC, NLRP3, and AIMP2 remained unchanged, suggesting no parkin dysfunction. In summary, we were unable to observe dopaminergic neurodegeneration with corresponding nigral-striatal neurobehavioral deficits, nor Parkin or mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkin–/–/PolgAD257A/D257A mice. These findings support a lack of synergism of Parkin loss on mitochondrial dysfunction in mouse models of mitochondrial deficits. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Producing a mouse model of Parkinson's disease (PD) that is etiologically relevant, recapitulates clinical hallmarks, and exhibits reproducible results is crucial to understanding the underlying pathology and in developing disease-modifying therapies. Here, we show that Parkin–/–/PolgAD257A/D257A mice, a previously reported PD mouse model, fails to reproduce a Parkinsonian phenotype. We show that these mice do not display dopaminergic neurodegeneration nor nigral-striatal-dependent motor deficits. Furthermore, we report that Parkin loss does not synergize with mitochondrial dysfunction. Our results demonstrate that Parkin–/–/PolgAD257A/D257A mice are not a reliable model for PD and adds to a growing body of work demonstrating that Parkin loss does not synergize with mitochondrial dysfunction in mouse models of mitochondrial deficits.
Health of the Food Environment Is Associated With Heart Failure Mortality in the United States

Background: Food environment factors contribute to cardiovascular disease, but their effect on population-level heart failure (HF) mortality is unclear. Methods: We utilized the National Vital Statistics System and USDA Food Environment Atlas to collect HF mortality rates (MR) and 2 county food environment indices: (1) food insecurity percentage (FI%) and (2) food environment index (FEI), a scaled index (0–10, 10 best) incorporating FI% and access to healthy food. We used linear regression to estimate the association between food environment and HF MR Results: Mean county FI% and FEI were 13% and 7.8 in 2956 included counties. Counties with FI% above the national median had significantly higher HF MR (30.7 versus 26.7 per 100 000; P<0.001) compared with FI% below the national median. Counties with HF MR above the national median had higher FI%, lower FEI, lower density of grocery stores, poorer access to stores among older adults, and lower Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program participation rate (P<0.001 for all). Lower county FI% (β=−1.3% per 1% decrease) and higher county FEI (β=−3.6% per 1-unit increase in FEI) were significantly associated with lower HF MR after adjustment for county demographic, socioeconomic, and health factors. This association was stronger for HF MR compared with non-HF cardiovascular disease MR and all-cause MR The relationship between food environment and HF MR was stronger in counties with the highest income inequity and poverty rate. Conclusions: Healthier food environment is significantly associated with lower HF mortality at the county level. This reinforces the role of food security on cardiovascular outcomes.
Baboon perspectives on the ecology and behavior of early human ancestors

For more than 70 y researchers have looked to baboons (monkeys of the genus Papio) as a source of hypotheses about the ecology and behavior of early hominins (early human ancestors and their close relatives). This approach has undergone a resurgence in the last decade as a result of rapidly increasing knowledge from experimental and field studies of baboons and from archeological and paleontological studies of hominins. The result is a rich array of analogies, scenarios, and other stimuli to thought about the ecology and behavior of early hominins. The main intent here is to illustrate baboon perspectives on early hominins, with emphasis on recent developments. This begins with a discussion of baboons and hominins as we know them currently and explains the reasons for drawing comparisons between them. These include occupation of diverse environments, combination of arboreal and terrestrial capabilities, relatively large body size, and sexual dimorphism. The remainder of the paper illustrates the main points with a small number of examples drawn from diverse areas of interest: diet (grasses and fish), danger (leopards and crocodiles), social organization (troops and multilevel societies), social relationships (male–male, male–female, female–female), communication (possible foundations of language), cognition (use of social information, comparison of self to others), and bipedalism (a speculative developmental hypothesis about the neurological basis). The conclusion is optimistic about the future of baboon perspectives on early hominins.
Vitamin B complex blocks the dust fall PM2.5‐induced acute lung injury through DNA methylation in rats

This study aimed to explore whether vitamin B complex (folic acid, B6, and B12) could avert DNA methylation changes associated with inflammation induced by acute PM2.5 exposure. Sprague‐Dawley rats were administered by gavage with different concentrations of vitamin B complex once a day for 28 days, and then by intratracheal instillation with saline or PM2.5 once every 2 days for three times. Vitamin B continued to be taken during the PM2.5 exposure. Rats were sacrificed 24 h after the last exposure. The results showed that vitamin B complex could block the pathological changes and injury in lungs induced by PM2.5. Meanwhile, vitamin B complex could prevent the abnormal DNA methylation of IL‐4 and IFN‐γ to antagonize the imbalance of IL‐4/IFN‐γ associated with inflammation. It was further found that vitamin B complex could regulate DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and increase the S‐adenosylmethionine (SAM)/S‐Adenosyl‐L‐homocysteine (SAH) ratio to reverse the hypomethylation of genomic DNA and the abnormal DNA methylation of IL‐4 and IFN‐γ. In conclusion, vitamin B complex has a protective effect on acute lung injury by attenuating abnormal DNA methylation induced by PM2.5 in rats. This study may provide a new insight into the physiological function of vitamin B to prevent the health effects induced by PM2.5.
Introduction to the mathematical theory of compressible flow

1. Fundamental concepts and equations 2. Theoretical results for the Euler equations 3. Some mathematical tools for compressible flows 4. Weak solutions for steady compressible Navier-Stokes equations in barotropic regime 5. Strong solutions for steady compressible Navier-Stokes equations and small data 6. Some mathematical tools for non-steady equations 7. Weak solutions for non-stationary compressible Navier-Stokes equations 8. Global behavior of weak solutions 9. Strong solutions of non-steady compressible Navier-Stokes equations