Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Review of natural ventilation models

ABSTRACT Natural ventilation (NV) is an important and efficient passive technique to reduce building cooling energy need and improve indoor air quality. NV design requires profound knowledge and accurate prediction of air flow and heat transfer in and around buildings that are highly dependent on varying external and internal conditions, as well as the building geometry and local site conditions. This paper reviews the important NV models and simulation tools and the comparisons of their prediction capabilities. A review of the analytical models reveals that these models are generally only applicable to specific geometries and driving forces. The complex interactions between combined driving forces and complex geometries results in sets of non-linear equations which must be solved numerically. Prevalent network airflow models are identified and compared, which generally use the same theory, and yield similar, often nearly identical results in inter-model comparison studies. Airflow network models incorporated into whole building energy simulation tools are also assessed. Results have shown that the current airflow model can be used to model most NV mechanisms, with an exception of wind-driven single-sided ventilation. For the predictable cases, the most accuracy is achieved for cases with small and simple openings. For larger openings and especially complicated openings, the model's predictions are less accurate. Furthermore, the model is heavily dependent on several somewhat ambiguous coefficients including: wind profile exponent, pressure coefficient, and discharge coefficient.
A comparative cost assessment of electricity outages and generation expansion in Zimbabwe

The study assesses the sectorial cost of electricity outages and cost of expanding own generation to avert outages in Zimbabwe. The main sectors used were agriculture, mining, industry and households. These sectors lost significantly due to electricity outages. The cost has been assessed on the basis of direct and indirect cost. Sector surveys were carried out. Questionnaires were used as the main research instruments. Results revealed that households were exposed to more outages and other sectors were priorities. Mining reported the highest both direct and indirect outage cost per mine and in total industrial sector reported the highest. For the overall sector cost, industry reported the highest cost and households the least. Total outage cost for one year represents a quarter of total expansion cost required to avert the problem. The study concluded that expansion is a must to avoid electricity outages. The study recommends large scale expansion in generation.
Starting from elsewhere: reimagining the third sector, the state and the market

Understanding the complex evolving relationships between the third sector, the state and the market is one of the most important and fruitful areas of research, policy attention and practice reflection in the third sector. Yet too often analysis seems to be reduced to a discussion involving seemingly large, abstract and disarmingly simple categories – ‘state’, ‘market’ and ‘third sector’ – in which nuance, differentiation and contradiction can be lost. This short paper aims to stimulate reflection and discussion amongst researchers and others by calling for a reimagination of the ‘third sector’ and its relationships with the state and the market. The argument proceeds in three stages. Firstly some elements of what could be seen as conventional wisdom in third sector research are outlined. This is followed by a discussion of how conventional wisdom is woven into two prevailing narratives - of ‘necessity and adaptation’ and ‘jeopardy and loss’ - about the current state and future prospects for the third sector. Finally, using the purported ‘marketisation’ of the sector as an example, the paper suggests an alternative starting point for thinking about and researching the third sector.
Azimuthal Anisotropy Tomography of the Southeast Asia Subduction System

A detailed 3‐D model of P wave isotropic velocity and azimuthal anisotropy beneath SE Asia is obtained by jointly inverting local earthquake arrival times and teleseismic relative travel‐time residuals. Our results show that the high‐velocity (high‐V) subducting Australian slab has penetrated through the mantle transition zone (MTZ) and reached a depth of ∼1,200 km beneath Sumatra, whereas the high‐V slab has subducted toward the north and trapped within the MTZ beneath Java. The Hainan mantle plume is revealed clearly as a significant low‐velocity anomaly beneath the MTZ, which extends down to the bottom of our model (∼1,600‐km depth). The upwelling of the Hainan plume is resisted by the stagnant slab in the MTZ, resulting in divergent fast‐velocity directions of azimuthal anisotropy beneath the stagnant slab. The detailed results of seismic tomography and azimuthal anisotropy provide important new information on the complex mantle structure and dynamics of the SE Asian region, in particular, the subducting slabs and the Hainan plume, as well as their interactions.
Microstrip Patch Antenna Design for Ku Band Application

Microstrip Patch Antenna is designed for Ku band 12GHz to 18GHz. The proposed antenna on a Teflon substrate with dielectric constant 2.1. At resonant frequency 12.54GHz the verify and tested result on CST Microwave Studio by CST STUDIO SUIT are Return loss = -26.5578 dB, Voltage Standing Wave Ratio = 1.0986392, Gain = 6.906dB, Directivity = 6.976dBi, Bandwidth = 4.1553GHz (33.14%) and Efficiency = 98.99%, all results are shown in simulation results. Keywords—CST Microwave Studio, Microstrip Patch Antenna, Ku band.
A bibliometric review of the most cited literature related to mining injuries

Abstract This review analysed the top 56 annual and lifetime cited articles related to mining injuries. The number of annual and lifetime citations, year of publication, design, topic of focus, number of authors, and country of publication, were collected and reported. Cross-sectional studies were the most commonly used design type and the majority of the corresponding authors were from the United States. Lost-time injury as an outcome measure (73% of articles) was the most frequently discussed topic. The findings of this review article are designed to facilitate future research by revealing existing patterns and trends within the science.
A billion dollars later: The Canadian Firearms Act, revisited

Canadian governments, for over 30 years, have too often indulged in ill-considered or extreme over-regulation to address ideological or emotional issues. When added elements of political expediency and social correctness ignore or distort reality and practicality in legislation, however, the results can be damaging and counter-productive. This report, from now eight years of hindsight, is an analysis of a classic example of pointless and destructive legislation and regulation.
Reverse transcriptase inhibition: a way to defeat HIV

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) induces disease in humans that is known as AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). First AIDS cases were registered in 1981, and later, types of HIV infection, such as HIV-1 and HIV-2 were identified. HIV belongs to class of retroviruses, known as ‘lenti-viruses’ and ‘slow’ viruses. A literature assessment was conducted through several reliable national and international journals as well as books and monographs, to investigate reverse transcriptase inhibitor (RI) from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Reverse transcriptase inhibitor limits the reverse transcriptase activity, which is considered the key enzyme of retroviral multiplication process, and eventually prevents infection and progression of retroviruses. In the current paper, more than twenty-five drugs were presented, which are used for management/treatment of AIDS. The aim of the present review was to summarize the latest update on reverse transcriptase inhibition. Lately, significant advancement has been observed on the growth of HIV-drugs targeting reverse transcriptase enzyme. There is a continuous increase in various compounds with anti-HIV activity and isolated from natural sources. The present review provided a selection of publications concerning the topic. Salient features of reverse transcriptase inhibitors (both NRTIs and NNRTI's) and possibility for development of new chemical entity were presented.
Experimental Analysis of Shielding Performance in Rail-Launcher Environment

In this paper we develop an experimental analysis aimed at characterizing the shielding performance of shields operating in electromagnetic rail launchers. The experimental analysis is carried out for various shield configurations and different materials. In particular, cylindrical shell cylinders are adopted. The experiments are performed on a rail launcher prototype supplied by a high pulsed power device. Finally, we make some remarks on the measurement of the shielding effectiveness in such critical environments.
Hazard-Based Model for Estimation of Congestion Duration in Urban Rail Transit Considering Loss Minimization

Because there is a conflict between promoting the level of service and saving operation resources in passenger flow congestion management for urban rail transit (URT), the congestion duration forecast has become an important decision-support element for management optimization. This paper presents a hazard-based duration model for the purpose of accurate duration forecasting considering loss minimization for decision making. The congestion duration was modeled with a hazard-based approach and revised by a strategy imitating the Bayesian minimum risk rule. Six hundred twenty-seven congestion instances during 470 days from Metro Line 2 of Nanjing, China, were divided into a training data set and a testing data set and were used for model implementation and performance evaluation. The model estimation results indicate that the log-logistic distribution produces the best fit for congestion during weekdays according to the Akaike information criterion, and the accuracy of the duration model is high according to the mean absolute percentage error. The model was also confirmed to be stable over time in the two data sets. In addition, the contrast of losses for the median forecast and the revisionary forecast based on numerical examples in the data set shows that the forecast revising strategy realizes a considerable relative decrease in the loss caused by the randomness of duration. The results of this study are useful for URT congestion management and provide a demonstration of a revising method to reduce economic loss resulting from forecast deviation.
Nosocomial Infections in Non-COVID-19 Pediatric Patients Prior to and During the Pandemic in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit

Background: Nosocomial infections are a global threat to human health worldwide. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the change of nosocomial infection factors in equivalent historical periods in pediatric patients without COVID-19 before and during the pandemic in the pediatric intensive care unit. Method: The study was planned retrospectively. Data on hospital infection rates, incidence densities, invasive device-associated infections, infectious agents, comorbid diseases, and invasive procedures in non-COVID-19 pediatric patients were obtained from the medical records for the periods of April-September 2019 and April-September 2020 in the pediatric intensive care unit. Hand hygiene compliance rates of healthcare workers were evaluated. Results: Prior to the pandemic, the number of patients was 332, comprising 2,377 patient days with a nosocomial infection rate of 5.12, and an incidence density of 7.15. During the pandemic, the number of patients was 221, comprising 2,260 patient days with a nosocomial infection rate of 4.52, and incidence density of 4.43. Prior to the pandemic, there were 28.80% cases of Klebsiella pneumoniae, 23.81% of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 9.52% of Enterococcus faecium, and 4.76% of Enterococcus faecalis. During the pandemic, there were decreased 14.29% cases of Klebsiella pneumoniae while Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecium, and Enterococcus faecalis was not seen. Prior to the pandemic, the hand hygiene compliance rate was 94.83%, and during the pandemic, it was found to be 99.44%. Conclusion: This study showed that the spread of bacteria such as Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, vancomycin-resistant enterococci, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, which are a major public health threat, can be decreased by applying simple standard methods.
Calmodulin Domain Protein Kinase PiCDPK1 Regulates Pollen Tube Growth Polarity through Interaction with RhoGDI

The pollen-specific calcium-dependent protein kinase PiCDPK1 of Petunia inflata has previously been shown to regulate polarity in tip growth in pollen tubes. Here we report the identification of a Rho Guanine Dissociation Inhibitor (PiRhoGDI1) as a PiCDPK1 interacting protein. We demonstrate that PiRhoGDI1 and PiCDPK1 interact in a yeast 2-hybrid assay, as well as in an in vitro pull-down assay, and that PiRhoGDI1 is phosphorylated by PiCDPK1 in vitro. We further demonstrate the PiRhoGDI1 is capable of rescuing the loss of growth polarity phenotype caused by over-expressing PiCDPK1 in vivo using stable transgenic plants. We confirmed that PiRhoGDI1 interacts with a pollen-expressed ROP GTPase isoform consistent with the established role of RhoGDIs in negatively regulating GTPases through their membrane removal and locking them in an inactive cytosolic complex. ROP is a central regulator of polarity in tip growth, upstream of Ca2+, and PiCDPK1 over-expression has been previously reported to lead to dramatic elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ through a positive feedback loop. The discovery that PiCDPK1 impacts ROP regulation via PiRhoGDI1 suggests that PiCDPK1 acts as RhoGDI displacement factor and leads us to propose a model which we hypothesize regulates the rapid recycling of ROP GTPase at the pollen tube tip.
Economic Anxiety and the Performance of SMEs during COVID-19: A Cross-National Study in Kuwait

The focal aim of the project was to assess the economic anxiety (EA) and the performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) during partial and full lockdowns in Kuwait. The challenges facing the SMEs during COVID-19 and the potential solutions were also explored. The call for this vital investigation was due to the global economic fallout and the shocking drop within the marketplace caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. A descriptive approach was used for online survey design to collect datasets from 147 SMEs spanning all governorates of Kuwait in the period between March and June 2021. It included sociodemographic data, economic anxiety perception, potential challenges and solutions to SMEs, and SMEs’ performance. The data analysis using SPSS 25 showed that 78.2% of the SMEs were affected directly by the COVID-19 pandemic, and about 83% were affected negatively by the COVID-19 pandemic. In comparison, only 12.2% experienced a positive impact, mainly medical, technology, social media, food supplies, and delivery or logistics industries. With great concerns of SMEs for all dimensions related to economic anxiety (with an average of around 3.95), the greatest concerns were the financial and cash flow, followed by labor shortage (an average between 4.51 and 5.00). The results also showed that most of the performance indicators for the SMEs were low (with an average of less than or equal to 2.5), and more than 66% of them worked fewer hours during the pandemic; the number of operating hours was dropped dramatically. More than 74% of the SMEs used technology in more than 20% of their activities, representing an increase in using technologies of about 44%, and about 25.2% used social networks in more than 80% of their activities. The performance of SMEs is also found to be significantly and positively correlated with the economic anxiety levels, with a correlation coefficient of 0.186. The findings revealed significant and crucial outcomes for policymaking, decision-makers, and governmental agencies to build recovery plans and proper actions needed to manage the consequences caused by the disaster against the economic and other developments within the context of SMEs. Overall, there is a clear need to find ways and customize operations to adapt to the new work modes that require social distancing, online operations, and site management. In addition, new alternative modes of SMEs work follow to compensate for the lower working hours from the office and increased online working from home.
Rule-Based Information Extraction from Free-Text Pathology Reports Reveals Trends in South African Female Breast Cancer Molecular Subtypes and Ki67 Expression

Clinical information on molecular subtypes and the Ki67 index is critical for breast cancer (BC) prognosis and personalised treatment plan. Extracting such information into structured data is essential for research, auditing, and cancer incidence reporting and underpins the potential for automated decision support. Herewith, we developed a rule-based natural language processing algorithm that retrieved and extracted important BC parameters from free-text pathology reports towards exploring molecular subtypes and Ki67-proliferation trends. We considered malignant BC pathology reports with different free-text narrative attributes from the South African National Health Laboratory Service. The reports were preprocessed and parsed through the algorithm. Parameters extracted by the algorithm were validated against manually extracted parameters. For all parameters extracted, we obtained accurate annotations of 83-100%, 93-100%, 91-100%, and 92-100% precision, recall, F1-score, and kappa, respectively. There was a significant trend in the proportion of each molecular subtype by patient age, histologic type, grade, Ki67, and race. The findings also showed significant association in the Ki67 trend with hormone receptors, human epidermal growth factors, age, grade, and race. Our approach bridges the gap between data availability and actionable knowledge and provides a framework that could be adapted and reused in other cancers and beyond cancer studies. Information extracted from these reports showed interesting trends that may be exploited for BC screening and treatment resources in South Africa. Finally, this study strongly encourages the implementation of a synoptic style pathology report in South Africa.
Regional Innovation Systems in Developing Countries: Integrating Micro and Meso-level Capabilities

This Handbook is the first attempt to adapt the IS approach to developing countries from a theoretical and empirical viewpoint. The Handbook brings eminent scholars in economics, innovation and development studies together with promising young researchers to review the literature and push theoretical boundaries. They critically review the IS approach and its adequacy for developing countries, discuss the relationship between IS and development, and address the question of how it should be adapted to the realities of developing nations.
Procedimiento para el análisis de repetibilidad y reproducibilidad en procesos de manufactura

A procedure for the analysis of repeatability and reproducibility conditions (R&R) in a manufacturing system is presented. The analysis of repeatability and reproducibility is based in measurement of dimensions from a piece or manufactured part. The procedure is fi xed by means of method of average and range with great acceptance and exclusivity in the study of measurement system analysis. This procedure and results derived of R&R analysis prove that method of average and range could be used in the stability study of manufacturing systems.
Supporting heuristic evaluation for the Web

Supporting Heuristic Evaluation for the Web. (August 2009) Ana Erendira Flores Mendoza, B.S., Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana; M.S., New Mexico State University Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. William Lively Web developers are confronted with evaluating the usability of Web interfaces. Automatic Web usability evaluation tools are available, but they are limited in the types of problems they can handle. Tool support for manual usability evaluation is needed. Accordingly, this research focuses on developing a tool for supporting manual processes in Heuristic Evaluation inspection. The research was conveyed in three phases. First, an observational study was conducted in order to characterize the inspection process in Heuristic Evaluation. The videos of evaluators applying a Heuristic Evaluation on a non-interactive, paper-based Web interface were analyzed to dissect the inspection process. Second, based on the study, a tool for annotating Web interfaces when applying Heuristic Evaluations was developed. Finally, a survey is conducted to evaluate the tool and learn the role of annotations in inspection. Recommendations for improving the use of annotations in problem reporting are outlined. Overall, users were satisfied with the tool. The goal of this research, designing and developing an inspection tool, is achieved.
Automated synthesis of an FPGA-based controller for vehicle lateral control

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the use of an integrated methodology, which was introduced by the authors in previous publications. The purpose of the methodology is to facilitate the automated implementation of FPGA-based industrial controllers using modern high-level synthesis tools. In previous papers the methodology was used for rather simple applications. Here it is applied in a more demanding problem, namely the on-line optimization of a PID controller for the automatic lateral control of a highway vehicle.
Numerical Response Of Bridge Cranes Subjected To Repeated Shocks During An Earthquake

During an earthquake, a bridge crane may be subjected to multiple impacts between crane wheels and rail. In order to model such phenomena, a time-history dynamic analysis with a multi-scale approach is performed. The high frequency aspect of the impacts between wheels and rails is taken into account by an explicit temporal scheme, modified to resolve impacts. An implicit temporal scheme is used for the rest of the structure. The numerical coupling between the implicit and the explicit schemes is achieved with a heterogeneous asynchronous timeintegrator.
A beginner’s guide to lipidomics

Lipidomics refers to the large-scale analysis of the complete set of lipids – the ‘lipidome’ – in any biological system. Methodologically, it heavily relies on mass spectrometry, an analytic technique enabling the identification and quantification of molecules in a complex sample based on slight differences in their mass and charge. Recent advances in this field have fuelled the development of novel approaches including tracer lipidomics and spatial lipidomics, allowing an unprecedented insight into this complex class of biomolecules. As lipids play numerous physiological roles and are affected in a wide range of pathologies, the study of lipids and their metabolic pathways offers great potential for biomarker discovery and for the development of novel therapeutic interventions.
Therapeutic Potential of Seaweed-Derived Bioactive Compounds for Cardiovascular Disease Treatment

Cardiovascular diseases are closely related to hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, and hyperlipidemia. Many studies have reported that an unhealthy diet and sedentary lifestyle are critical factors that enhance these diseases. Recently, many bioactive compounds isolated from marine seaweeds have been studied for their benefits in improving human health. In particular, several unique bioactive metabolites such as polyphenols, polysaccharides, peptides, carotene, and sterol are the most effective components responsible for these activities. This review summarizes the current in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies related to the protective effects of bioactive compounds isolated from seaweeds against cardiovascular disorders, including anti-diabetic, anti-hypertensive, anti-hyperlipidemia, and anti-obesity effects. Therefore, this present review summarizes these concepts and provides a basis for further in-depth research.