Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Fermented Soybean Meal to Replace a Portion Fish Meal on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Capacity, Immunity, and mTOR Signaling Pathway of Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)

In this study, we evaluated the effects of fermented soybean meal (FSBM) or/and unfermented SBM replacing a portion of fish meal (FM) on the growth performance, antioxidant capacity, immunity, and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway of juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). Four groups of juvenile coho salmon (initial weight 152.23 ± 3.21 g) in triplicate were fed for 12 weeks on four different iso-nitrogen and iso-lipid experimental diets: G0 diet (28% FM protein, control group), G1 diet (18% FM protein and 10% SBM protein), G2 diet (18% FM protein, 5% SBM protein, and 5% FSBM protein), and G3 diet (18% FM protein and 10% FSBM protein). The main results were compared with the G0 diet; the weight gain rate, specific growth rate, and condition factor of juveniles in G3 were increased significantly (p < 0.05). The content of muscle crude protein, the total protein, glucose, albumin, total cholesterol in serum, and the total antioxidant capacity in the liver of juveniles in G3 was increased significantly (p < 0.05). The activities of pepsin, trypsin, α-amylase, and lipase in the intestine, the superoxide dismutase, catalase, and alkaline phosphatase in the liver of juveniles in G3 were increased significantly (p < 0.05). The expression levels of phosphatidylinositide 3-kinases, serine/threonine kinase, mTOR, and ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 genes in the liver of juveniles in G3 were upregulated significantly (p < 0.05). The feed coefficient ratio, viscerosomatic index, the contents of muscle moisture, and malondialdehyde in the liver of juveniles in G3 were decreased significantly (p < 0.05). The expression levels of tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 1β, and interleukin 6 genes in the liver of juveniles in G3 were downregulated significantly (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant effect (p > 0.05) on the survival rate, food intake, and muscle crude lipid and ash of juveniles among the experimental groups. In conclusion, FSBM to replace a portion FM had a positive effect on the growth performance, protein deposition, antioxidant enzyme activity, digestive enzyme activity, protein synthesis, and immune-related genes of juvenile coho salmon.
Dimensional Regularization Approach to the Renormalization Group Theory of the Generalized Sine-Gordon Model

We present the dimensional regularization approach to the renormalization group theory of the generalized sine-Gordon model. The generalized sine-Gordon model means the sine-Gordon model with high frequency cosine modes. We derive renormalization group equations for the generalized sine-Gordon model by regularizing the divergence based on the dimensional method. We discuss the scaling property of renormalization group equations. The generalized model would present a new class of scaling property.
Analysis of clinical significance and molecular characteristics of methionine metabolism and macrophage-related patterns in hepatocellular carcinoma based on machine learning

BACKGROUND: Increasing evidence has indicated that abnormal methionine metabolic activity and tumour-associated macrophage infiltration are correlated with hepatocarcinogenesis. However, the relationship between methionine metabolic activity and tumour-associated macrophage infiltration is unclear in hepatocellular carcinoma, and it contributes to the occurrence and clinical outcome of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Thus, we systematically analysed the expression patterns of methionine metabolism and macrophage infiltration in hepatocellular carcinoma using bioinformatics and machine learning methods and constructed novel diagnostic and prognostic models of HCC. METHODS: In this study, we first mined the four largest HCC mRNA microarray datasets with patient clinical data in the GEO database, including 880 tissue mRNA expression datasets. Using GSVA analysis and the CIBERSORT and EPIC algorithms, we quantified the methionine metabolic activity and macrophage infiltration degree of each sample. WGCNA was used to identify the gene modules most related to methionine metabolism and tumour-associated macrophage infiltration in HCC. The KNN algorithm was used to cluster gene expression patterns in HCC. Random forest, logistic regression, Cox regression analysis and other algorithms were used to construct the diagnosis and prognosis model of HCC. The above bioinformatics analysis results were also verified by independent datasets (TCGA-LIHC, ICGC-JP and CPTAC datasets) and immunohistochemical fluorescence based on our external HCC panel. Furthermore, we carried out pancancer analysis to verify the specificity of the above model and screened a wide range of drug candidates. RESULTS: We identified two methionine metabolism and macrophage infiltration expression patterns, and their prognoses were different in hepatocellular carcinoma. We constructed novel diagnostic and prognostic models of hepatocellular carcinoma with good diagnostic efficacy and differentiation ability. CONCLUSIONS: Methionine metabolism is closely related to tumour-associated macrophage infiltration in hepatocellular carcinoma and can help in the clinical diagnosis and prognosis of HCC.
On the risk of the nearest neighbor rules

The main contents of this thesis are summarized as follows: Based on an exact integral expression for the risk, we find an asymptotic evaluation of the conditional risk for unbounded support. Then the problems and the applicability of integrating these asymptotic expansions are discussed. This if followed by an alternative asymptotic approach using Laplace's method. Finally nearest neighbor distances are treated again for unbounded support.
Unintended Consequences of Sanitation Investment: Negative Externalities on Water Quality and Health in India

Developing countries have increased sanitation investment to reduce diarrheal diseases. However, the direct health benefits of latrine construction can be offset by water pollution externalities due to poor treatment of fecal sludge. I estimate these negative externalities of a sanitation policy in India that subsidized the construction of over 100 million latrines. Exploiting geographical variation in soil characteristics and the differential increase in latrine coverage across districts, I find that the policy increases river pollution by 72%. While it reduces diarrheal mortality overall, this positive health effect is two-thirds smaller in areas with lower capacities for treatment of fecal sludge where water pollution externalities are consequently larger. JEL: I15, O13, Q53, Q56
Popov condition revisited for other nonlinear systems

The problem of finding an explicit stabilizing control for dynamical systems with sup bounded disturbance and nonlinear terms bounded in norm by a non decreasing function has been addressed. These systems often exhibit from natural bounds a (strong) finite time Lagrange instability due to disturbance adverse effect. Linear PD type control law produces conditional simple stability with weak system robustness to disturbance and shows restricted action to modify complete nonlinear system dynamics, owing to the limited number of gain parameters and the large class of systems satisfying non decreasing law bound. With a nonlinear Lur'ie type control part added to linear PD part, conditional asymptotic stability is obtained from Popov condition, equivalent to application of circle criterium, inside a ball corresponding to a balance between linear and nonlinear terms and reducing to absolute exponential stability result for usual linear bound. Functional robustness is obtained for equivalence class characterized by the same non decreasing function upperbounding nonlinear system part.
On Dependence and Extremes

This thesis deals with various aspects of multivariate dependencies and extreme values. First, a new dependence measure is developed and non-parametrical estimator as well as a concept of visualization of extremes. Also, tail-copula estimators are developed under the assumptions of having either elliptical distributions or elliptical copula. Of these, the asymptotic behavior of first and second order is determined and the improvements compared to non-parametric estimators are shown both theoretical and by simulation. Another chapter extends correlation structure analysis to copulae. Therefore, copula-based estimators are designed and their asymptotic behavior is shown, where a tail-copula estimator allows for a structure analysis of extremes. Finally, the extreme value distribution of a credit default portfolio is proven for a wide and flexible class of default distributions and an improved concept of fitting the portfolio-distribution is shown.
Children's construction of the multiplicative principle in combinatorial reasoning

The multiplicative principle, one of the fundamental principles of counting, is crucial in the learning of combinatorics. The purpose of this study was to investigate operations, schemes, and conceptual constructs that contributed to the construction of the multiplicative principle. By means of clinical interviews, two pairs of seventh-grade students were selected based on three principal factors: units-coordinating activities, levels of the units-coordination, and combinatorial reasoning. The three factors were determined as being quite similar within each pair and distinct between the pairs. After the clinical interviews, each of the pairs participated in the constructivist teaching experiment for approximately five months during two school semesters where the researcher served as the students’ teacher. The findings revealed that only the pair of students who were capable of taking three levels of units as given prior to operating constructed the multiplicative principle. In addition to their levels of units-coordination as being necessary toward the construction of the multiplicative principle, the students needed to establish at least five basic operations and five schemes. The operations include counting, making selections, pairing, distinguishing, and monitoring. And, the schemes consist of an enactive pairing scheme; an iterating pairing scheme; a multiplicative pairing scheme; an iterating tripling scheme: independent sequenced composite units; and an iterating tripling scheme: dependent sequenced composite units. Besides these operations and schemes, the students needed to produce two kinds of reasoning called recursive reasoning as well as progressive recursive reasoning in their construction of the multiplicative principle. INDEX WORDS: Combinatorial Reasoning, Combinatorial Schemes, Operations, Learning Trajectories, Levels of Units, Radical Constructivism, Scheme Theory, Teaching Experiment, Units-Coordination CHILDREN’S CONSTRUCTION OF THE MULTIPLICATIVE PRINCIPLE IN COMBINATORIAL REASONING
A Real-World Reinforcement Learning Framework for Safe and Human-Like Tactical Decision-Making

Lane-change decision-making for vehicles is a challenging task for many reasons, including traffic rules, safety, and the stochastic nature of driving. Because of its success in solving complex problems, deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has been suggested for addressing these issues. However, the studies on DRL to date have gone no further than validation in simulation and failed to address what are arguably the most critical issues, namely, the mismatch between simulation and reality, human-likeness, and safety. This paper introduces a real-world DRL framework for decision-making to design safe and human-like agents that can operate in the real world without extra tuning. We propose a new learning paradigm for DRL integrated with Real2Sim transfer, which comprises training, validation, and testing phases. The approach involves two simulator environments with different levels of fidelity, which are parameterized via real-world data. Within the framework, a large amount of randomized experience is generated with a low-fidelity simulator, whereupon the learned skills are validated regularly in a high-fidelity simulator to avoid overfitting. Finally, in the testing phase, the agent is examined concerning safety and human-like decision-making. Extensive simulation and real-world evaluations show the superiority of the proposed approach. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first application of DRL lane-changing policy in the real world.
KLASIFIKASI RAS ANJING MENGGUNAKAN METODE CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK DENGAN ARSITEKTUR VGG-16

Dogs are lovable animals that bring companionship and fun to any household, but things to consider before getting a dog are their daily needs including food, shelter, and animal care, as well as affection and physical and mental stimulation. This research was conducted to introduce dog breeds and how to care for each breed. This system is built using Mask R-CNN and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), a deep learning architecture. Mask R-CNN model is used for detecting and cropping dog in images, trained using Microsoft Common Object of Context (MS COCO) dataset. CNN is used for classification of dog breeds in images and is trained using 17.513 images of 17 different breeds. Result for Mask R-CNN show the detection accuracy for dogs has 74% using test images, and CNN show the identification accuracy using test images has 82% accuracy, and for CNN using cropped images has 87% accuracy.
The inertial-range spectrum of fully developed magnetohydrodynamic turbulence

This note suggests that the classical inertial-range spectrum of fully developed Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence should be modified in presence of intermittency. We show that the pseudo-energy density spectra of both the Alfvenic modes follow a k −(3/2+Ψ) power law and, introducing two intermittency cascade models, we find the function Ψ
Intratumoural Delivery of mRNA Loaded on a Cationic Hyper-Branched Cyclodextrin-Based Polymer Induced an Anti-Tumour Immunological Response in Melanoma

Simple Summary The frequency of metastatic melanoma, an extremely deadly malignancy, is rapidly increasing worldwide. Recently, messenger RNA (mRNA) injections have emerged as a promising treatment option. While mRNA therapies have demonstrated significant promise, the stability of the naked form remains a barrier, as naked mRNAs are vulnerable to common ribonucleases, and are unable to effectively penetrate plasma membranes and escape from endosomes. Thus, for this paper, we used a hyper-branched cyclodextrin-based polymer (Ppoly) as a carrier to enhance mRNA delivery for melanoma cancer. The in vitro results demonstrated that Ppoly was able to deliver the EGFP-mRNA effectively in both 2D and 3D melanoma cell lines compared to naked mRNA; in addition, Ppoly did not show any cytotoxicity. The anti-tumour effect of intratumourally injected OVA-mRNA loaded on Ppoly results showed a significant decrease in both tumour size and weight compared to other formulations by inducing an efficient adaptive immune response and OVA-specific CD8+ T cells in both spleen and tumour tissues compared to other groups. Abstract mRNA technology has demonstrated potential for use as an effective cancer immunotherapy. However, inefficient in vivo mRNA delivery and the requirements for immune co-stimulation present major hurdles to achieving anti-tumour therapeutic efficacy. Therefore, we used a cationic hyper-branched cyclodextrin-based polymer to increase mRNA delivery in both in vitro and in vivo melanoma cancer. We found that the transfection efficacy of the mRNA-EGFP-loaded Ppoly system was significantly higher than that of lipofectamine and free mRNA in both 2D and 3D melanoma cancer cells; also, this delivery system did not show cytotoxicity. In addition, the biodistribution results revealed time-dependent and significantly higher mEGFP expression in complexes with Ppoly compared to free mRNA. We then checked the anti-tumour effect of intratumourally injected free mRNA–OVA, a foreign antigen, and loaded Ppoly; the results showed a considerable decrease in both tumour size and weight in the group treated with OVA-mRNA in loaded Ppoly compared to other formulations with an efficient adaptive immune response by dramatically increasing most leukocyte subtypes and OVA-specific CD8+ T cells in both the spleen and tumour tissues. Collectively, our findings suggest that the local delivery of cationic cyclodextrin-based polymer complexes containing foreign mRNA antigens might be a good and reliable concept for cancer immunotherapy.
Aprendendo através de jogos: Relato de experiência de uma oficina para o desenvolvimento de jogos 2D com meninas no projeto de extensão Mermãs Digitais

No Brasil, apenas 29,8% dos desenvolvedores de jogos são mulheres [Fortim 2022]. Para promover maior inclusão e incentivar a participação feminina nesta área, este artigo apresenta um relato de experiência de uma oficina introdutória ao desenvolvimento de jogos para meninas do projeto de extensão Mermãs Digitais utilizando o ambiente de criação Godot e programação baseada em GDScript. Os resultados apontaram para uma interação positiva entre os alunos e a observação de seu papel criativo na produção de seus trabalhos. Como resultado, a oficina se mostrou uma ação importante para a inclusão de mulheres no desenvolvimento de jogos.
Nondestructive Evaluation of Cotton Genotypes for Resistance to Reniform Nematode

Identification of new sources of reniform nematode (Rotylenchulus reniformis Linford and Oliveira) resistance in cotton is critical to expanding host plant resistance to manage this important pathogen. Phenotyping plants in early breeding generations without destructive sampling would be useful for introgression of nematode resistance from exotic germplasm resources; therefore, a rapid, nondestructive method was developed to assess host plant resistance to the reniform nematode based on the number of females infecting the roots. In one set of experiments, the root system was cut off at 0, 1, 2.5, or 5 cm below the soil line and used to assess the number of females infecting this portion of the root system. Resistance could be accurately determined while leaving up to 5 cm of roots with the shoot. In a second set of experiments, the rate of plant recovery and reproductive development was evaluated using a combination of root retention (0, 1, 2.5 cm, or all root) and shoot retention (leaves at top two nodes, leaves at bottom two nodes, no leaves, all leaves) treatments. Plants more rapidly recovered using a treatment combination in which the top leaves and 2.5 cm roots were kept. This combination performed similarly to plants with neither shoots nor roots modified and was harvested 20 days sooner compared to some other treatment combinations.
Effects of wood species on the energy requirements and size distribution of strands produced by a strander-canter

The effects of wood species on the performance of the strander-canting process were studied. Logs of balsam fir (Abies balsamea (L.) Mill. ), black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.), and jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb) were processed under two temperature conditions (-13.3 °C and 22.3 °C). The cutting and feed speeds, rake angle, cutting width, and strand thickness were kept constant. The strander-canting process was evaluated by the strand dimensions and yield, as well as by the energy requirements. The results showed that wood species significantly affected the proportions of strands and fines, maximum power, mean energy consumption, and specific cutting energy when processing the logs under frozen conditions. In unfrozen conditions, wood species only affected the strand width and the maximum power. Unfrozen logs produced higher proportions of strands and a lower volume of pin chips and fines than frozen logs. The maximum power, mean energy consumption, and specific cutting energy were, on average, 2 to 4 times higher for the processing frozen logs than for unfrozen logs.
Evolution of recrystallization texture in nickel-iron alloys: experiments and simulations

ABSTRACT The present work is aimed at examining the effect of solid solution on the development of recrystallization microstructure and texture in FCC materials where SFE remains unchanged on alloying addition. To elucidate the mechanisms of texture formation during recrystallization, pure Ni and Ni-Fe (20 and 40 wt.% Fe) alloys were investigated. After recrystallization, pure Ni showed a cube and a non-uniform α-fibre texture, whereas the Ni-Fe alloys showed a texture characterised by the rotated cube component, brass recrystallization (BR) orientation, and a non-uniform α-fibre. Addition of Fe to pure Ni has led to some fine differences in the recrystallization texture that have been attributed to the role of highly heterogeneous deformed microstructure in the Ni-Fe system because of alloying. However, in all the cases Cu-oriented grains are prone to early recrystallization due to relatively more heterogeneously deformed regions, whereas deformed grains having orientation <110> || ND have shown slow recrystallization. In all cases, the entire stage of recrystallization is dominated by the formation of annealing twin (Σ3) boundary. The mobility of these twin boundaries plays an important role in the evolution of the recrystallization texture, which in turn, depends on its coherency, i.e. grain boundary plane (K1) of twin boundaries. The mechanism of evolution of recrystallization texture and the role of different deformation features during recrystallization is investigated. The cellular automata simulation technique was used to simulate the recrystallization behaviour of the alloys. The simulation results were used to discuss experimental observations.
Computing Eigenmodes of Elliptic Operators on Manifolds Using Radial Basis Functions

Computing Eigenmodes of Elliptic Operators on Manifolds Using Radial Basis Functions by Vladimir Delengov Claremont Graduate University, 2018 In this work, numerical approaches based on meshless methods are proposed to obtain eigenmodes of elliptic operators on manifolds, and their performance is compared against existing alternative methods. Radial Basis Function (RBF)based methods allow one to obtain interpolation and differentiation matrices easily by using scattered data points. We derive expressions for such matrices for the Laplace-Beltrami operator via so-called Reilly’s formulas and use them to solve the respective eigenvalue problem. Numerical studies of proposed methods are performed in order to demonstrate convergence on simple examples of one-dimensional curves and two-dimensional surfaces. Prospective extensions of the methods include application to problems with boundary conditions and incorporating a multi-layer approach in order to improve accuracy. The latter is justified by an asymptotic expansion of eigenvalues of Laplace operator on a thin ring and a thin shell.
Ultra-Wideband Antenna’s Design Techniques

The main objective of this paper is to understand the different methodologies which have been adopted in the recent years in design of Ultra-Wideband Antenna. Methods/Statistical analysis: The patch of the UWB antenna is etched with circular rings to obtain wider bandwidth. Rabbet structured patch can also be utilized for enhancing bandwidth. Ground plane of UWB antenna’s in some cases is parabolic and some have T or L-shape slots to enhance antenna characteristics like increasing bandwidth, band notching at certain frequencies etc. dielectric substrate FR4 is preferred in most of the UWB antenna designs due to less return loss and better bandwidth utilization. Findings: With help of circular patch, more than 160% of Bandwidth is attainable. Use of triangular slots in ground plane can help increase the bandwidth by 45%. A further alteration in ground plane such as grooved ground plane can help minimize the surface waves. Application/Improvements: Since T-shaped slots increases directivity so they are preferred in air-bore applications. L-shaped slots in ground plane helps in RADAR applications.