Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Generative artificial intelligence, human creativity, and art

Abstract Recent artificial intelligence (AI) tools have demonstrated the ability to produce outputs traditionally considered creative. One such system is text-to-image generative AI (e.g. Midjourney, Stable Diffusion, DALL-E), which automates humans’ artistic execution to generate digital artworks. Utilizing a dataset of over 4 million artworks from more than 50,000 unique users, our research shows that over time, text-to-image AI significantly enhances human creative productivity by 25% and increases the value as measured by the likelihood of receiving a favorite per view by 50%. While peak artwork Content Novelty, defined as focal subject matter and relations, increases over time, average Content Novelty declines, suggesting an expanding but inefficient idea space. Additionally, there is a consistent reduction in both peak and average Visual Novelty, captured by pixel-level stylistic elements. Importantly, AI-assisted artists who can successfully explore more novel ideas, regardless of their prior originality, may produce artworks that their peers evaluate more favorably. Lastly, AI adoption decreased value capture (favorites earned) concentration among adopters. The results suggest that ideation and filtering are likely necessary skills in the text-to-image process, thus giving rise to “generative synesthesia”—the harmonious blending of human exploration and AI exploitation to discover new creative workflows.
Pore Characteristics Analysis of Shale from Sichuan Basin, China

Pore characteristics are significant for shale gas exploration and production. In this paper, the method of field emission scanning electron Microscopes (FE-SEM) was applied to qualitatively describe minerals and pore structures of shale samples. Low pressure nitrogen adsorption-desorption and carbon dioxide adsorption were applied to analyse meso-pores and micro-pores respectively. Inter-particle pores are always associated with rigid mineral grains and intra-particle pores are mainly located in unstable minerals. The BET (Brunauer–Emmett–Teller) surface area of Longmaxi Formation (LMX) is 5.47m 2 /gr and 16.33m 2 /gr of Wufeng Formation (WF). N 2 and CO 2 adsorption shows that the diameter of micro-pores in the LMX and WF formation is approximately 1nm. Most meso-pores in WF formations range from 2nm - 20nm, while meso-pores existing in LMX formations range from 2nm - 30nm.
Effects of photodynamic therapy in patients with infected skin ulcers: A meta‐analysis

Abstract The purpose of the meta‐analysis was to evaluate and compare the photodynamic therapy's effectiveness in treating infected skin wounds. The results of this meta‐analysis were analysed, and the odds ratio (OR) and mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using dichotomous or contentious random‐ or fixed‐effect models. For the current meta‐analysis, 6 examinations spanning from 2013 to 2021 were included, encompassing 154 patients with infected skin wounds were the used studies' starting point. Photodynamic therapy had a significantly lower wound ulcer size (MD, −4.42; 95% CI, −7.56–−1.28, p = 0.006), better tissue repair (MD, −8.62; 95% CI, −16.76–−0.48, p = 0.04) and lower microbial cell viability (OR, 0.13; 95% CI, 0.04–0.42, p < 0.001) compared with red light exposure in subjects with infected skin wounds. The examined data revealed that photodynamic therapy had a significantly lower wound ulcer size, better tissue repair and lower microbial cell viability compared with red light exposure in subjects with infected skin wounds. However, given that all examinations had a small sample size, consideration should be given to their values.
Social network analysis of the CaRE2 health equity center: Team science in full display

Abstract Cancer health disparities that exist in the Black or African American and Hispanic or Latino/x communities are scientific challenges, yet there are limited team science approaches to mitigate these challenges. This article's purpose is to evaluate the team science collaborations of the National Institutes of Health‐funded Florida‐California Cancer Research, Education & Engagement (CaRE2) Center partnership underscoring the inclusion of multidisciplinary team members and future under‐represented minority (URM) cancer researchers. To understand our collaborative efforts, we conducted a social network analysis (SNA) of the CaRE2 Center partnership among University of Florida, Florida A&M University, and University of Southern California with data collected via the dimensions.ai application programming interface. We downloaded metadata for all publications associated with dimensions.ai IDs. The CaRE2 collaboration network increased over time as evidenced by accruing more external collaborators and more publishing of collaborative works. Degree centrality of key personnel was stable in each wave of the networks. CaRE2 key personnel averaged a total of 60.8 collaborators in 2018–2019 (SD = 57.4, minimum = 3, maximum = 221), and 65.8 collaborators in 2020–2021 (SD = 56.06, minimum = 4, maximum = 222). Betweenness was largely stable across all groups and waves. We observed a steady decline in transitivity, the probability that a pair of CaRE2 co‐authors shared a third co‐author, from 0.74 in 2018 to 0.47 in 2022. The SNA findings suggest that the CaRE2 Center partnership's publications show growth in team science collaborations with the inclusion of multidisciplinary team members from the three partner institutions and future URM cancer researchers who were mentored as trainees and early‐stage investigators.
Molecular Characterization of Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma and Aspects of Transformation

Lymphomas are a heterogeneous group of neoplasias originating from B- or T-lymphocytes. In this thesis, we determined the genetic and immunophenotypic characterization of DLBCL and their prognostic impact. Moreover, genomic alterations associated with the transformation to DLBCL from Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and follicular lymphoma (FL) were elucidated. In order to outline the impact of cytogenetic as well as immunophenotypic prognostic markers in DLBCL, we firstly studied a series of 54 DLBCL tumors using comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) and we identified several frequently occurring chromosomal imbalances. Loss of 22q was more often found in the diagnostic tumors with a more advanced clinical stage, while gain of 18q21 was more commonly identified in relapses. Secondly, we correlated the expression patterns of CD10, bcl-6, IRF-4 and bcl-2 with clinical parameters in a series of 173 de novo DLBCL patients. Patients with a germinal center (GC) phenotype displayed a better survival than the non-GC group. Expression of bcl-6 and CD10 was correlated with a better survival while bcl-2 expression was associated with a poor prognosis.In approaching the HL transformation, two novel B-cell lines (U-2932 and U-2940), derived from patients with DLBCL following HL, were characterized. Interestingly, a translocation with materials from 2q and 7q as well as loss of material on 6q was found in both cell lines. For FL transformation, we assessed chromosomal alterations in a panel of 28 DLBCL patients with a previous history of FL. The DLBCL tumors displayed more chromosomal imbalances compared to FL tumors. Loss of 6q16-21 and gain of 7pter-q22 were more commonly found in the DLBCL counterparts, suggesting the chromosomal location of putative genes that may be involved in the transformation process.
TOP2A modulates signaling via the AKT/mTOR pathway to promote ovarian cancer cell proliferation

ABSTRACT Ovarian cancer (OC) is a form of gynecological malignancy that is associated with worse patient outcomes than any other cancer of the female reproductive tract. Topoisomerase II α (TOP2A) is commonly regarded as an oncogene that is associated with malignant disease progression in a variety of cancers, its mechanistic functions in OC have yet to be firmly established. We explored the role of TOP2A in OC through online databases, clinical samples, in vitro and in vivo experiments. And initial analyses of public databases revealed high OC-related TOP2A expression in patient samples that was related to poorer prognosis. This was confirmed by clinical samples in which TOP2A expression was elevated in OC relative to healthy tissue. Kaplan-Meier analyses further suggested that higher TOP2A expression levels were correlated with worse prognosis in OC patients. In vitro, TOP2A knockdown resulted in the inhibition of OC cell proliferation, with cells entering G1 phase arrest and undergoing consequent apoptotic death. In rescue assays, TOP2A was confirmed to regulate cell proliferation and cell cycle through AKT/mTOR pathway activity. Mouse model experiments further affirmed the key role that TOP2A plays as a driver of OC cell proliferation. These data provide strong evidence supporting TOP2A as an oncogenic mediator and prognostic biomarker related to OC progression and poor outcomes. At the mechanistic level, TOP2A can control tumor cell growth via AKT/mTOR pathway modulation. These preliminary results provide a foundation for future research seeking to explore the utility of TOP2A inhibitor-based combination treatment regimens in platinum-resistant recurrent OC patients.
Matching Sketches with Digital Face Images using MCWLD and Image Moment Invariant

Face recognition is an important problem in many application domains. Matching sketches with digital face image is important in solving crimes and capturing criminals. It is a computer application for automatically identifying a person from a still image. Law enforcement agencies are progressively using composite sketches and forensic sketches for catching the criminals. This paper presents two algorithms that efficiently retrieve the matched results. First method uses multiscale circular Weber’s local descriptor to encode more discriminative local micro patterns from local regions. Second method uses image moments, it extracts discriminative shape, orientation, and texture features from local regions of a face. The discriminating information from both sketch and digital image is compared using appropriate distance measure. The contributions of this research paper are: i) Comparison of multiscale circular Weber’s local descriptor with image moment for matching sketch to digital image, ii) Analysis of these algorithms on viewed face sketch, forensic face sketch and composite face sketch databases.
Thermal maturity, hydrocarbon potential and kerogen type of some Triassic–Lower Cretaceous sediments from the SW Barents Sea and Svalbard

Rock-Eval and total organic carbon (TOC) analyses of 144 samples representing Triassic–Lower Cretaceous intervals from the SW Barents Sea (the Svalis Dome, the Nordkapp and Hammerfest basins, and the Bjarmeland Platform) and Svalbard demonstrate lateral variations in source rock properties. Good to excellent source rocks are present in the Lower–Middle Triassic Botneheia and Steinkobbe, and Upper Jurassic Hekkingen formations, 1 – 7 wt% and 6 – 19 wt% TOC, respectively. Hydrogen indices of 298 – 609 mg HC/g TOC in the Botneheia Formation from Svalbard, and 197 – 540 mg HC/g TOC in the Steinkobbe Formation of Svalis Dome suggest Type II (oil-prone) and Type II/III (oil/gas-prone) kerogens, respectively. The Kobbe Formation (Botneheia/Steinkobbe-equivalent) is organic-lean and generally gas-prone (Type III kerogen) on the Bjarmeland Platform and in the Nordkapp Basin, and is a good source rock with Type III/II kerogen in the Hammerfest Basin. In the investigated wells, the Hekkingen Formation is more oil-prone on the Bjarmeland Platform than in the Nordkapp Basin, while Lower Cretaceous samples have poor potential for oil. Upper Triassic samples show potential mainly for gas; however, coal/coaly-shale samples in well 7430/07-U-01 (Bjarmeland Platform) are oil/gas-prone. Most samples analysed are immature to early mature; thus, the variation in petroleum potential and kerogen type is a function of organic facies rather than maturity levels.
The role of hysteroscopy with morcellator without anesthesia in the management of abnormal uterine bleeding

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of hysteroscopy with morcellator without anesthesia and the diagnostic accuracy of 2D, 3D and power Doppler transvaginal sonography (TVS) in patients with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB). Material and Methods: This was a retrospective study including women with AUB. All patients underwent 2D, 3D and power Doppler TVS evaluation of the uterine cavity, and patients with suspicion on ultrasound (US) of endometrial pathology (EP) underwent hysteroscopy with morcellator without anesthesia. The painful symptomatology was assessed during the procedure using a visual analogue scale (VAS). Additionally, histological evaluation was performed. Results: A total of 182 women underwent US imaging, of whom 131 (72%) had hysteroscopy. 130/131 patients completed the hysteroscopic examination with good compliance (VAS <4). One patient (0.8%) was unable to complete the procedure due to nulliparity and cervical stenosis. Of the 130 patients the US diagnosis was confirmed in 120 (92.3%), while in 10 patients (7.7%) the hysteroscopic diagnosis was different from the US diagnosis. Histological examination confirmed benign endometrial polyps in 115/130 patients (88.5%), while premalignant conditions were diagnosed in 3/130 patients (2.3%) and malignant conditions in 2/130 (1.5%). Of the 10 patients with endometrial thickening, two were diagnosed with a malignant condition. Conclusion: This study confirmed the feasibility of managing patients with AUB and suspicion of EP using “see-and-treat” hysteroscopy with morcellator without anesthesia. This procedure has the potential to yield desired outcomes while minimizing pain and discomfort, presenting a feasible outpatient approach for both treating and preventing endometrial carcinoma without requiring anesthesia.
Emergent microenvironments of nucleoli

ABSTRACT In higher eukaryotes, the nucleolus harbors at least three sub-phases that facilitate multiple functionalities including ribosome biogenesis. The three prominent coexisting sub-phases are the fibrillar center (FC), the dense fibrillar component (DFC), and the granular component (GC). Here, we review recent efforts in profiling sub-phase compositions that shed light on the types of physicochemical properties that emerge from compositional biases and territorial organization of specific types of macromolecules. We highlight roles played by molecular grammars which refers to protein sequence features including the substrate binding domains, the sequence features of intrinsically disordered regions, and the multivalence of these distinct types of domains / regions. We introduce the concept of a barcode of emergent physicochemical properties of nucleoli. Although our knowledge of the full barcode remains incomplete, we hope that the concept prompts investigations into undiscovered emergent properties and engenders an appreciation for how and why unique microenvironments control biochemical reactions
Durability and Long Term Performance of Engineered Cementitious Composites

Durability of concrete structures is one of the most significant problems currently facing the engineering community. The use of High Performance Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Composites (HPFRCC) may greatly enhance the durability and long term performance of concrete structures. However, prior to designing HPFRCC materials into practical applications, their durability performance must be shown equal or superior to concrete over long durations in service environments. In this article, the behavior under various environmental loads and the long term performance of a class of HPFRCC called Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) is summarized. This material is shown to have exceptional behavior under freeze-thaw cycles, hot-cold temperature cycles, carbonation exposure, fatigue loading, and long term mechanical performance. Additionally, results are presented of an ongoing two year comparison between ECC and concrete roadway patching applications on a Michigan Department of Transportation bridge deck.
DNA methylation signatures of early-life adversity are exposure-dependent in wild baboons

Significance The environment animals face when young can affect how they function throughout life. Long-lasting changes in DNA methylation—a chemical mark deposited on DNA that can affect gene activity—have been hypothesized to contribute to early-life effects. But evidence for persistent, early environment-associated differences in DNA methylation is lacking in wild animals. Here, we show that early-life adversity in wild baboons predicts DNA methylation levels in adulthood, especially for animals born in low-resource environments and drought conditions. We also show that some of the changes we observe in DNA methylation have the capacity to influence gene activity levels. Together, our results support the idea that early experiences can become biologically embedded in the genomes of wild animals.
Modèle dynamique et assimilation de données de la variation séculaire du champ magnétique terrestre

Les changements du champ magnetique terrestre sur une grande gamme d'echelles spatiales et temporelles refletent les processus varies de la eeodynamo. Je propose un modele simplifie de la dynamique rapide du noyau, adapte a l'etude des variations du champ magnetique de l'annee au siecle ; la variation seculaire. L'hypothese quasi-geostrophique du modele est basee sur la preponderance des forces de rotation par rapport aux forces magnetiques a ces echelles de temps. La partie axisymetrique correspond au formalisme d'ondes de torsion d'Alfven. La dynamique se place dans le plan equatorial. A la frontiere noyau-manteau, l'ecoulement interagit avec le champ magnetique radial via la composante radiale de l'equation d'induction. Cette partie du modele connecte la dynamique et les observations. L'assimilation variationnelle de donnees permet d'interpreter la variation seculaire en terme de dynamique. Une fonction objectif est minimisee en calculant sa sensibilite par rapport aux variables de controle via l'integration du modele adjoint. J'illustre cette inversion par des experiences jumelles pour un ecoulement stationnaire dans le noyau et pour des ondes de torsion. On accede ainsi a des variables d'etat qui ne sont pas directement observees. En utilisant comme observations des ecoulements reconstruits a la surface du noyau, cette methode permet de deduire que la tension magnetique dans le noyau, force de rappel des ondes de torsion, correspond a un champ magnetique fort, au minimum 3-4 mT. De telles ondes de torsion rapides sont coherentes avec un signal a 6 ans dans les donnees de variations de la longueur du jour.
The California Red Sea Urchin, Strongylocentrotus franciscanus, Fishery: Catch, Effort, and Management Trends

California's red sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus franciscanus, catch peaked at 23,577 metric tons (t) in 1988. Since then, catches and CPUE have trended downward at different rates in northern and southern California, with 10,086 t landed statewide in 1995. West coast sea urchin catches and CPUE from British Columbia, Can. , to Baja California, Mex. , have generally declined during this period which followed a decade of rapid fishery expansion. This expansion was in response to increasing demand from Japan fueled by rising prices based largely on a more favorable export currency exchange rate. West coast stock assessment methods have been based on integrating a combination of fisheries dependent data and population surveys into models at various levels of complexity. California management policy has centered on technical measures such as size limits and seasonal closures and has been largely ineffective in stabilizing declining catches.
Sneaky tactics: Ingenious immune evasion mechanisms of Bartonella

ABSTRACT Gram-negative Bartonella species are facultative intracellular bacteria that can survive in the harsh intracellular milieu of host cells. They have evolved strategies to evade detection and degradation by the host immune system, which ensures their proliferation in the host. Following infection, Bartonella alters the initial immunogenic surface-exposed proteins to evade immune recognition via antigen or phase variation. The diverse lipopolysaccharide structures of certain Bartonella species allow them to escape recognition by the host pattern recognition receptors. Additionally, the survival of mature erythrocytes and their resistance to lysosomal fusion further complicate the immune clearance of this species. Certain Bartonella species also evade immune attacks by producing biofilms and anti-inflammatory cytokines and decreasing endothelial cell apoptosis. Overall, these factors create a challenging landscape for the host immune system to rapidly and effectively eradicate the Bartonella species, thereby facilitating the persistence of Bartonella infections and creating a substantial obstacle for therapeutic interventions. This review focuses on the effects of three human-specific Bartonella species, particularly their mechanisms of host invasion and immune escape, to gain new perspectives in the development of effective diagnostic tools, prophylactic measures, and treatment options for Bartonella infections.
Risk Assessment of Non-Carcinogenic Effects of Heavy Metals from Dez River Fish

Background and purpose: Considering the many benefits of fish in the food basket, the purpose of this study was to examine the risk assessment effects of heavy metals from Dez river fish. Materials and Methods: 80 samples were caught from the local species of Dez River, they were acid digested; afterwards, they were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry. Results: The results showed that there was a positive correlation between accumulating metals and condition factor, especially with regard to zinc and cadmium; this correlation was more likely to be observed for the Capoeta trutta species. Also, comparing the daily and weekly intake of heavy metals with the rate limits of PTDI has shown that the absorption value of metals were considerably lower than the specified limit. Conclusion: The high level of CR lim showed safe consumption of fish in Dez River considering the potential health risk. Zinc and cadmium played an important role in finding out the TTHQ index. The Capoeta trutta and Carasobarbus luteus species had the most and least amounts of TTHQ index. Finally, comparing the means of metal concentrations with standard ones has shown that the concentrations of zinc and cadmium were higher than the global standards.
REVIEW The role of δ -opioid receptors in learning and memory underlying the development of addiction

Opioids are important endogenous ligands that exist in both invertebrates and vertebrates and signal by activation of opioid receptors to produce analgesia and reward or pleasure. The μ -opioid receptor is the best known of the opioid receptors and mediates the acute analgesic effects of opiates, while the δ -opioid receptor (DOR) has been less well studied and has been linked to effects that follow from chronic use of opiates such as stress, inﬂammation and anxiety. Recently, DORs have been shown to play an essential role in emotions and increasing evidence points to a role in learning actions and outcomes. The process of learning and memory in addiction has been proposed to involve strengthening of speciﬁc brain circuits when a drug is paired with a context or environment. The DOR is highly expressed in the hippocampus, amygdala, striatum and other basal ganglia structures known to participate in learning and memory. In this review, we will focus on the role of the DOR and its potential role in learning and memory underlying the development of addiction.