Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Global Journal of Psychology Research:New Trends and issuses

Mindfulness is being here and now emotionally and intellectually. It has a philosophical root directing individuals to a moral life. Although mindfulness has become a popular concept in Turkey, few scales were tested in terms of their validity to Turkish context. The aim of the study is to adapt Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory (FMI) into Turkish and measure the validity and the reliability of the scale. Data for this study came from 302 (169 female and 116 male) white-collar employees working in Istanbul. The scale was translated by the authors and checked by a group of academics who have a theoretical knowledge about the concept. Validity was tested in terms of criterion-related and construct validity; reliability was assessed by internal consistency measure. Results revealed that FMI is a valid and reliable scale for Turkish business context.
Bare singulars and pseudo-incorporation in Western Armenian*

This paper is concerned with the way the denotation of the bare singular and the process of Pseudo-Incorporation (PI) interact in Western Armenian (WA). We argue that bare singulars in WA unambiguously denote properties of kinds, thus differing significantly from languages like English and Turkish, where they are ambiguous between object-level and kind-level properties (Dayal 2004; Sağ 2019, 2021). Our argument comes from Pseudo-Incorporation. WA allows PI of [Num (CLF) Nsg] elements (covert plurals) which denote object-level properties. At the same time, PI-ed NPs (either bare singulars or covert plurals) accept only kindlevel modification. This cannot be accounted by restricting PI to kind-denoting NPs (like in Turkish, Sağ (2021)), as object-level properties (i.e. covert plurals) are also PI-ed. We derive the pattern by building an analysis of PI where the bare singular is unambiguously kind-denoting.
Semantic changes in harm-related concepts in English

The chapter investigates semantic changes in core concepts of psychology, specifically focusing on those related to harm. Haslam (2016) hypothesized that many psychological concepts associated with harm (i.e., forms of psychological disturbance, threat, and maltreatment) have undergone semantic broadening in the past half-century in association with cultural shifts and social change. The implications of this “concept creep” hypothesis have been previously explored by prominent social, political, and legal thinkers (Levari et al. 2018, Lukianoff & Haidt 2019, Pinker 2018, Sunstein 2018), but its linguistic dimension has received little empirical attention.
Internet Users’ Reasons and Motives for Online News Commenting

This article examines users’ situational reasons and potential motives for leaving a comment on an online news item. In a 3-phase analysis, users’ background factors, such as gender and political standings, were considered. The analysis indicates that there are preferred reasons for commenting. These are connected to 6 identified motives (e
Evaluation of general anesthesia and sedation during dental treatment in emotionally immature children: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Dr. Arunkumar Sajjanar, Prof. & Head of Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, SDKS Dental College and Hospital , Nagpur, Maharashtra. Dr. Nilesh Rojekar, Post Graduate Student of Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, SDKS Dental College and Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra. Dr. Pankaj Chavan, Reader of Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, SDKS Dental College and Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra. Dr. Milind Wasnik, Senior lecturer of Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, SDKS Dental College and Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra. Dr. Niharika Gahlod, Senior lecturer of Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, SDKS Dental College and Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra. Dr. Harshita Shukla, Post Graduate Student of Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, SDKS Dental College and Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra. Corresponding Author: Dr. Nilesh Rojekar, Post Graduate Student of Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, SDKS Dental College and Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra. Email idrojekarnilesh010@gmail.com
Main Manuscript for Early life of Neanderthals

Alessia Nava, Federico Lugli, Matteo Romandini, Federica Badino, David Evans, Angela H. Helbling, Gregorio Oxilia, Simona Arrighi, Eugenio Bortolini, Davide Delpiano, Rossella Duches, Carla Figus, Alessandra Livraghi, Giulia Marciani, Sara Silvestrini, Anna Cipriani, Tommaso Giovanardi, Roberta Pini, Claudio Tuniz, Federico Bernardini, Irene Dori, Alfredo Coppa, Emanuela Cristiani, Christopher Dean, Luca Bondioli, Marco Peresani, Wolfgang Müller, Stefano Benazzi
A simulation-based approach to Bayesian sample size determination for performance under a given model and for separating models

Sample size determination (SSD) is a crucial aspect of experimental design. Two SSD problems are considered here. The first concerns how to select a sample size to achieve specified performance with regard to one or more features of a model. Adopting a Bayesian perspective, we move the Bayesian SSD problem from the rather elementary models addressed in the literature to date in the direction of the wide range of hierarchical models which dominate the current Bayesian landscape. Our approach is generic and thus, in principle, broadly applicable. However, it requires full model specification and computationally intensive simulation, perhaps limiting it practically to simple instances of such models. Still, insight from such cases is of useful design value. In addition, we present some theoretical tools for studying performance as a function of sample size, with a variety of illustrative results. Such results provide guidance with regard to what is achievable. We also offer two examples, a survival model with censoring and a logistic regression model.The second problem concerns how to select a sample size to achieve specified separation of two models. We approach this problem by adopting a screening criterion which in turn forms a model choice criterion. This criterion is set up to choose model 1 when the value is large, model 2 when the value is small. The SSD problem then requires choosing $n_{1}$ to make the probability of selecting model 1 when model 1 is true sufficiently large and choosing $n_{2}$ to make the probability of selecting model 2 when model 2 is true sufficiently large. The required n is $\max(n_{1}, n_{2})$. Here, we again provide two illustrations. One considers separating normal errors from t errors, the other separating a common growth curve model from a model with individual growth curves.
A Retrospective Study on the Factors Affecting the Early Marginal Bone Loss of Tissue-Level Implants

Purpose: Marginal bone loss (MBL) around dental implants adversely affects long-term implant treatment outcomes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the risk factors of MBL in tissuelevel implants. Materials and Methods: The study included 42 patients with 69 tissue-level implants placed between May 2015 and January 2020 at the Department of Periodontology of Dankook University Dental Hospital. Patient and implant data were collected from medical records and panoramic and periapical radiographs. MBL was measured as the distance from the apex of the implant fixture to the most coronal point where the implant and bone meet, and calibration was performed using the actual length of the implant. Student’s t-test was used to compare the groups by age (< 60 or ≥ 60 years), sex (male or female), hypertension status, diabetes status, implant diameter (< 5.0 or 5.0 mm), implant length (7.0 or ≥ 8.5 mm), position of implants (maxilla or mandible), collar height (≤ 2.0 or 2.8 mm), splinted implant prosthesis, and bone grafting on MBL. One-way ANOVA was used to compare the MBL of the three groups by implant insertion depth less than 0.5 mm, between 0.5 to 1.0 mm, and more than 1.0 mm. The chi-square test for linear trend was used to determine whether the implant insertion depth affected the thread exposure. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of sex, age, hypertension, diabetes, diameter, length, location, collar height, splinted implant prosthesis, and bone graf ting. One-way ANOVA showed that the MBL was significantly higher in the group with implant insertion depth ≥ 1.0 mm than in the other groups. However, the frequency of thread exposure decreased as the implant insertion depth increased. Abstract Original Article
Cross-lingual laws of semantic change

Semantic divergence in related languages is a key concern of historical linguistics. In order to complement existing research on semantic change, which in most previous approaches relies on the comparative analysis of diachronic corpora, we propose a novel approach for measuring semantic shifts synchronically. In this chapter, we investigate semantic change across languages by measuring the semantic distance of cognate sets using cross-lingual word embeddings. We define a measure of cognate divergence and show how it can be used as a measure of language semantic divergence. We propose an algorithm to detect and correct false friends as an application for natural language processing.We hypothesize that false friends fall on a spectrum, and define a corresponding notion of “falseness” and a methodology for its quantification. We evaluate the algorithm based on WordNet and on manually curated lists of true cognates and false friends, showing accuracy values exceeding 80%, and we show how choosing a falseness level as a threshold for detecting false friends can affect the performance of the detection algorithm. We further study the properties of the semantic divergence of cognates, and verify whether hypothesized laws of semantic change (namely the law of conformity and the law of innovation) hold in the multilingual setting, thus formulating the first laws of cross-lingual semantic change. We further study the mathematical relation between polysemy and frequency on the one hand, and falseness on the other hand, and identify polynomials that optimally model their relationship, leading to equations describing cross-lingual semantic change in relation to word properties.
Exponentiated Frechet Distribution with Application in Temperature of Assam, India Overview with New Properties and Estimation

In this paper, a new kind of distribution has suggested with the concept of exponentiate. The reliability analysis including survival function, hazard rate function, reverse hazard rate function and mills ratio has been studied here. Its quantile function and order statistics are also included. Parameters of the distribution are estimated by the method of Maximum Likelihood estimation method along with Fisher information matrix and confidence intervals have also been given. The application has been discussed with the 30 years temperature data of Silchar city, Assam, India. The goodness of fit of the proposed distribution has been compared with Frechet distribution and as a result, for all 12 months, the proposed distribution fits better than the Frechet distribution.
Gender as Material to Infrastructure Projects: Reaching Better Outcomes by Applying a Gender Lens from Project Inception

This paper argues for the application of a gender lens at the earliest stage of developing better infrastructure projects, both in terms of development outcomes and risk-adjusted returns for investors. Gender is material throughout the project lifecycle, as it influences long-term stability at both a project level and in a macro-economic context. Therefore, projects that are conceived and designed with a gender lens present reduced risk. The paper highlights the opportunity for blended finance in influencing the markets at the earliest stage of project development.
A Comparative Study of Southern Punjab and Balochistan SMEs Success vs Failure Factors

*Corresponding author’s email: khawarnaheed@bzu.edu. pk ARTICLE DETAILS ABSTRACT History Revised format: Aug 2021 Available Online: Sep 2021 Purpose: SME’s in Pakistan like developed economies play crucial role in the economic development and sustainability as long as entrepreneurs should be mindful about SME’s success and failure factors. In the extant literature, particularly in Pakistan, there is a lack of studies that have been empirically examined the comparative factors of Southern Punjab and Balochistan this setting particularly in Pakistan. The current study has focused on the comparative analysis of success or failure of Southern Punjab and Balochistan SME’s. The purpose of paper is to examine the aspects of SMEs that are central to their success/failure functioning in both areas of Pakistan. Design/Methodology/Approach: Data was collected through a questionnaire using the Lussier’s Model of success or failure factors among the owners of successful and unsuccessful SMEs. The researchers collected 200 questionnaires from SMEs. Data was analyzed by using the logistic regression technique. Findings: Results of the current study showed that management experience, planning, professional advice, staff, product and services, marketing, and age are important for the viability and success of SME’s operating in Southern Punjab. In Balochistan, management experience, planning, professional advice, education, marketing are significant for the success/failure of SME’s. Implications/Originality/Value: Thus, this study adds value to the knowledge to enhance understanding in “why some businesses succeed and others fail” by using Lussier’s Model. The results of the study assist policymakers in developing the programs that enhance the SME’s promotion, establishment, and development.
Expression and distribution of EPHA4 and Ephrin A3 in Aohan fine-wool sheep skin

Abstract The objective of this study was to identify the expression and distribution of EPHA4 and Ephrin A3 genes in the development and morphogenesis of hair follicles in fine-wool sheep. The results could lay a theoretical basis for understanding the molecular mechanism that regulates hair follicle development. The skin of Aohan fine-wool sheep at different developmental stages (embryonic day 90, E90d, and 120, E120d, and postnatal day 1, B1d, and 30, B30d) were selected. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and immunohistochemistry were used to study the levels of mRNA and proteins, respectively. The RT-qPCR results showed that the mRNA expression level of EPHA4 at B1d was significantly lower than at E120d ( p<0.01 ). The expression of Ephrin A3 at E120d was significantly higher than that at E90d and B1d ( p<0.01 ). Immunohistochemical detection results showed that the level and localisation of EPHA4 and Ephrin A3 proteins had spatial and temporal specificity. EPHA4 expression in dermal papilla cells might be important for inducing Aohan fine-hair follicle regeneration and for controlling the properties of the hair. Ephrin A3 might play an important role in the redifferentiation of secondary hair follicles and might also be involved in the inhibition of apoptosis-related gene expression in hair follicles. The Ephrin A3 signalling pathway might accelerate the growth of fine-hair follicles and increase the density of hair follicles.
Antibacterial Activity of Combination of Ethanol Extract of Pepermine Leaves (Mentha piperita L.) and Amikacin Against Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli

Peppermint leaves have been known to have antibacterial and antifungal activity. Amikacin is a semisynthetic derivative of kanamycin which is active against both Grampositive and Gram-negative enteric bacteria. The combination of plant extracts with antibiotics is one way or alternative to overcome bacterial resistance to antibiotics. The purpose of this study was to determine the combined effect of the ethanolic extract of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) and amikacin against Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli as well as the compounds contained in the ethanolic extract of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) leaves. Antibacterial activity was tested using the disk diffusion method (Kirby Bauer) and the phytochemical screening test using the tube test method. The concentration of peppermint leaf ethanol extract for the combination test was 200 mg/mL and 400 mg/mL, for the concentration of amikacin used was 5 mg/mL with three comparisons made, namely 25:75, 50:50, and 75:25. The results showed a synergistic effect with the largest inhibition zone diameter at a ratio of 25:75 at a concentration of 200 mg/mL, which was 36.25±2.5 mm on Klebsiella pneumonia bacteria. While at a concentration of 400 mg/mL the diameter of the largest inhibition zone was 40±1.63 mm in Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria with a ratio of 75:25. The results of statistical tests using the t-test showed a significance value of 0.000 <0.05 so that there was a significant difference in the administration of each concentration to the resulting inhibition zone. The results of the phytochemical screening test contained alkaloids, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins.
Plant invasions in riparian areas of the Middle Danube Basin in Serbia

Riparian areas experience strong invasion pressures worldwide and represent important points of spread for invasive alien plants (IAPs) in the European mainland. The Danube Basin is a well-known point of high plant invasion levels. Given that the middle part of the Danube Basin is critically understudied and the general lack of data for Serbia, the study aimed to provide an insight into the spatial patterns of plant invasions in the riparian areas of Serbia (Middle Danube Basin area). A total of 250 field sites, distributed along 39 rivers (nine catchment areas) and six canal sections, were studied during a four-year period (2013–2016) for the presence and abundance of IAPs. At the landscape scale, we studied distribution patterns of IAPs, differences in invasion levels in different catchment areas and between rivers and canals. At the local scale, we investigated how the proximity to roads/railway lines, housing areas, different landuse types (primarily agriculture), and dominant vegetation on site related to invasion patterns. Of the 26 studied IAPs, those with a well-known weedy behavior, long history of cultivation and strong affinity for riparian areas prevailed in the study area. Riparian zones of the Danube catchment exhibited the highest invasion levels in terms of IAPs richness and abundance, followed by the catchment areas of the Timok, Sava and Zapadna Morava rivers. Surprisingly, the Danube-Tisa-Danube canal network had the lowest invasion level. At the local scale, agriculture in proximity of the field site and dominant vegetation on site were observed as significant predictors of the invasion level. On the other hand, proximity to roads/railway NeoBiota 71: 23–48 (2022) doi: 10.3897/neobiota.71. 69716 https://neobiota.pensoft. net Copyright Ana A. Anđelković et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. RESEARCH ARTICLE Advancing research on alien species and biological invasions A peer-reviewed open-access journal
Persistent Homology for Breast Tumor Classification using Mammogram Scans

An important tool in the field of topological data analysis is persistent homology (PH), which is used to encode abstract representations of the homology of data at different resolutions in the form of persistence barcode (PB). Normally, one will obtain one PB from a digital image when using a sublevel-set filtration method. In this work, we built more than one PB representation of a single image based on a landmark selection method, known as local binary patterns (LBP), which encode different types of local texture from a digital image. Starting from the top-left corner of any 3-by-3 patch selected from an input image, the LBP process starts by subtracting the central pixel value from its eight neighboring pixel values. Then, each cell is assigned with 1 if the subtraction outcome is positive, and 0 otherwise, to obtain an 8-bit binary representation. This process will identify a set of landmark pixels to represent 0-simplices and use Vietoris–Rips filtration to obtain its corresponding PB. Using LBP, we can construct up to 56 PBs from a single image if we restrict to only using the binary codes that have two circular transitions between 1 and 0. The information within these 56 PBs contain detailed local and global topological and geometrical information, which can be used to design effective machine learning models. We used four different PB vectorizations, namely, persistence landscapes, persistence images, Betti curves (barcode binning), and PB statistics. We tested the effectiveness of the proposed landmark-based PH on two publicly available breast abnormality detection datasets using mammogram scans. The sensitivity and specificity of the landmark-based PH obtained was over 90% and 85%, respectively, in both datasets for the detection of abnormal breast scans. Finally, the experimental results provide new insights on using different PB vectorizations with sublevel set filtrations and landmark-based Vietoris–Rips filtration from digital mammogram scans.
Audio representations for deep learning in sound synthesis: A review

The rise of deep learning algorithms has led many researchers to withdraw from using classic signal processing methods for sound generation. Deep learning models have achieved expressive voice synthesis, realistic sound textures, and musical notes from virtual instruments. However, the most suitable deep learning architecture is still under investigation. The choice of architecture is tightly coupled to the audio representations. A sound’s original waveform can be too dense and rich for deep learning models to deal with efficiently -and complexity increases training time and computational cost. Also, it does not represent sound in the manner in which it is perceived. Therefore, in many cases, the raw audio has been transformed into a compressed and more meaningful form using upsampling, feature-extraction, or even by adopting a higher level illustration of the waveform. Furthermore, conditional on the form chosen, additional conditioning representations, different model architectures, and numerous metrics for evaluating the reconstructed sound have been investigated. This paper provides an overview of audio representations applied to sound synthesis using deep learning. Additionally, it presents the most significant methods for developing and evaluating a sound synthesis architecture using deep learning models, always depending on the audio representation.