Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Peripheral Inflammation Results in Increased Excitability of Capsaicin-Insensitive Nociceptive DRG Neurons Mediated by Upregulation of ASICs and Voltage-Gated Ion Channels

Previously, we have characterized the capsaicin-insensitive low pH-sensitive (caps−lpH+) subtype of small-sized nociceptive dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons that express acid-sensing ion channels, T-type Ca2+ channels, and have isolectin B4-negative phenotype. These neurons demonstrated increased excitability in a model of long-term diabetes, contributing to chronic pain sensation. Here we studied changes in the excitability of the caps−lpH+ neurons and underlying changes in the functional expression and gating properties of ion channels under complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced peripheral inflammation. We have found that, under these pathological conditions, the functional expression of the acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) and voltage-gated Na+ channels, was increased. In addition, T-type Ca2+ current was significantly increased in the neurons at the membrane potentials close to its resting value. Altogether, the observed changes in the channel functioning shifted a pH level evoking an action potential (AP) toward its physiological value and led to an increase of evoked and spontaneous excitability of the caps−lpH+ neurons that may contribute to hyperalgesia and chronic inflammatory pain.
Pervasive 3′-UTR Isoform Switches During Mouse Oocyte Maturation

Oocyte maturation is the foundation for developing healthy individuals of mammals. Upon germinal vesicle breakdown, oocyte meiosis resumes and the synthesis of new transcripts ceases. To quantitatively profile the transcriptomic dynamics after meiotic resumption throughout the oocyte maturation, we generated transcriptome sequencing data with individual mouse oocytes at three main developmental stages: germinal vesicle (GV), metaphase I (MI), and metaphase II (MII). When clustering the sequenced oocytes, results showed that isoform-level expression analysis outperformed gene-level analysis, indicating isoform expression provided extra information that was useful in distinguishing oocyte stages. Comparing transcriptomes of the oocytes at the GV stage and the MII stage, in addition to identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), we detected many differentially expressed transcripts (DETs), some of which came from genes that were not identified as DEGs. When breaking down the isoform-level changes into alternative RNA processing events, we found the main source of isoform composition changes was the alternative usage of polyadenylation sites. With detailed analysis focusing on the alternative usage of 3′-UTR isoforms, we identified, out of 3,810 tested genes, 512 (13.7%) exhibiting significant switches of 3′-UTR isoforms during the process of moues oocyte maturation. Altogether, our data and analyses suggest the importance of examining isoform abundance changes during oocyte maturation, and further investigation of the pervasive 3′-UTR isoform switches in the transition may deepen our understanding on the molecular mechanisms underlying mammalian early development.
Immune response in cervical intraepithelial neoplasms

Objective: The current study aims perform a comprehensive overview of the topic immune response in cervical intraepithelial neoplasms, summarizing the findings of literature. Data sources: PubMed database. Methods of study selection: A search for the following descriptors was performed in the PubMed database: descriptor ''immune response in cervical cancer and Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)''; ''immunotherapy in premalignant cervical lesions''. Tabulation, integration and results: The articles identified were published between 1967 and 2021. We selected 85 articles for review on the subject (reference 16 onwards). This literature review shows the important role that the immune system plays in the development and progression of cervical cancer. Immune response in pre-neoplastic cervical lesions includes host defense mechanisms against the HPV, adaptive immunity and the function of cytokines. Predictive factors of viral persistence and progression of premalignant lesions may also be associated with immune response. Conclusion: One of the determining factors for the persistence or elimination of HPV infections and their evolution to pre-neoplastic lesions is the cellular immune response, as the progression or regression of the tumor depends on the type and amount of cytokines secreted by the body. The investigation of these immune reactions may provide new therapeutic targets for cervical intraepithelial neoplasms.
High STAT5A Expression is Associated with Major Molecular Response Achievement Failure of Chronic Phase Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patients Receiving Hydroxyurea before Imatinib: A Cross-sectional Study

BACKGROUND: STAT5 is a transcriptional factor which when highly expressed in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells stimulate proliferation and mediate resistance from tyrosine kinase inhibitors, resulting in major molecular response (MMR) failure. STAT5 has two isoforms, STAT5A and STAT5B. However, prolonged use of imatinib appears to only upregulate STAT5A pathway. In addition, the resistance conferred by STAT5A does not extend to other drugs such as hydroxyurea. Hence, STAT5A and STAT5B might have different functions in CML cells. AIM: The objective of the study was to determine the association of STAT5A and STAT5B expression with MMR failure in CML patients. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study of CML patients in chronic phase with age ≥ 18 years old, receiving IM therapy ≥ 12 months, and previously given hydroxyurea. MMR status was evaluated and patients were categorized as achieved or failed to achieve MMR. Expression levels of STAT5A and STAT5B were conducted using RT-PCR methods. Associations between STAT5A expression, STAT5B expression, hydroxyurea duration, and imatinib duration with MMR achievement were calculated using logistic regression. RESULTS: A total of 118 patients were analyzed; 71.1% failed to achieve MMR. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed statistically significant association between high STAT5A expression (odds ratio [OR]: 3.852; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.420–10.452; p = 0.008), STAT5A/STAT5B interaction (OR: 0.150; 95% CI: 0.038–0.593; p = 0.007), longer hydroxyurea administration (OR: 3.882; 95% CI: 1.023–14.733; p = 0.046), and shorter imatinib administration (OR: 0.333; 95% CI: 0.132–0.840; p = 0.020) with MMR achievement failure. After adjusting STAT5A expression with STAT5A/STAT5B interaction, high STAT5A expression independently increased the likelihood of MMR achievement failure only in high expression STAT5B patients (OR: 3.852; 95% CI: 1.420–10.452; p = 0.008). CONCLUSION: High STAT5A expression which is induced by high STAT5B is associated with MMR achievement failure of chronic phase CML patients who received hydroxyurea before imatinib. Longer duration of hydroxyurea and shorter duration of IM confound of STAT5A expression to MMR achievement failure.
Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Bacteria Isolated from Patients with Wound Infection in Ekiti State

The progression of a wound to an infected state is likely to involve a multitude of microbial or host factors. This study was carried out to determine the antibiotic resistance profile of bacteria isolated from wound infection of patients attending Federal Teaching Hospital, Ido-Ekiti. A total of 100 patients with open wound infections were recruited for this study between July, 2020 and December, 2020. Wound swabs were cultured on Chocolate and MacConkey agar and the colonies were identified using colonial description and biochemical characterization. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was carried out using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion. Out of 100 wound samples analysed, 52(52.0%) yielded bacterial growth belonging to 5 different genera with Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus having the highest isolation rate of 17(32.7%) each followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa 7(13.5%), Klebsiella pneumoniae 7(13.5%) and Proteus mirabilis 4(7.7%). Female subjects had the highest isolation rate of 29(55.8%) compare to their male counterpart 23(44.2%). Age groups 31-46 year and 21-30 year had the highest isolation rates of 12(23.1%) and 10(19.2%) respectively. Antibiotic resistance pattern of the bacteria isolated ranged from 25.0% to 100.0%. Pseudomonas aeruginosa exhibited more than 42.9% resistance rate to all the antibiotics. However, fluroquilonoes (Levofloxacin) and folate pathway inhibitor (Cotrimoxazole) group of antibiotics with least resistance rate should be used for the treatment of bacteria associated wound infection.
A prediction model for benefitting e-commerce through usage of regional data: A new framework

Today during ‘Covid-20’, people are more inclined towards online shopping. In general practice, analysis of browsing history and customer’s micro behaviour against online shopping habits have been used for future suggestions. Due to this, the predictions made were suffereing from over-similarity problem and the user was unable to find any novelty in the recommended items. Observing these issues, e-shopping quality can be enhanced by adding a factor other than similarity. The current research suggests and advertise those products which belongs to a person’s region. For this research work the data has been collected on the basis of area-wise, like, country-based seggregation. Here the considered dataset belongs to country, ‘India’, its culture, its handicraft and its citizens. Datasets and their combinations based on multiple attributes are input for the proposed predictive system. In this paper, existing data is also considered for collecting customers demographic details which is further mapped with the area-wise dataset. Also, a framework has been proposed which uses database and user query as input for its predictive system in order to generate default suggestions for the user other than the submitted query also.
Multimodal stepwise analgesia for reducing opioid consumption after cesarean delivery

Department of Perinatology, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia National Institute of Public Health, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
ReGAL: Rule-Generative Active Learning for Model-in-the-Loop Weak Supervision

One of the main bottlenecks to extending deep learning systems to new domains is the prohibitive cost of acquiring sufﬁcient training labels. While many previous works have sought to alleviate this problem with weak supervision and data programming, rule and label noise prevent them from approaching fully-supervised performance. This work-in-progress provides a principled, AI-guided approach to improve rule-based and weakly supervised text classiﬁcation by performing active learning not on individual data instances, but on entire labeling functions. We argue that such a framework can guide users and subject matter experts to select labeling rules that expand label function coverage without sacriﬁcing clarity. Our experiments show that our framework, ReGAL, is able to generate coherent labeling rules while simultaneously obtaining state-of-the-art performance in weakly supervised text classiﬁcation.
Preparing Nanofluids (Al2O3) for Enhancement Performance of Photovoltaic

 The enhancement of overall efficiency at 1 g of nanofluid was 15% and in 1.5g is 18%.  The enhancement of thermal efficiency at 1 g of nanofluid was 19% and 1.5g 27%.  The electrical efficiency was increased at 1g of the nanofluid11% and in 1.5 g 14%. Photovoltaic (PV) panels produce electrical energy comparable to the cumulative amount of PV radiation generated on surface of sun. The solar modules influence on temperature of PV panel and for work with its standard specifications in Iraqi environment can be used nanofluid for cooling PV and improve performance. The developed thermal model for proposed cooling method has shown on the way to be an efficient design tool that can help engineers to reduce the time and cost of experimental testing. The improvement in temperature reduction using direct flow technique at rear sides of PV panel achieved electrical and thermal performance enhancement. The enhancement of overall efficiency at 1 g of nanofluid is showed 15% but in 1.5g nanofluid is 18%. As well as the enhancement of thermal efficiency at 1 g and1.5g of nanofluid are showed 19% and 27% respectively. So in Electrical efficiency at 1 g of nanofluid is showed 11% and in 1.5g nanofluid is 14%. The experimental results have shown that the utilization of nanofluid (Al2O3) as a result of its high thermal conductivity and tiny particle size. The coefficient of heat transfer and Nusselt number increasing with the increase of concentration of nanofluid, It can be concluded that has great impact, especially in Iraq condition where the temperature is normally high and can improve their performance and efficiency by adding nanofluid for cooling system. A R T I C L E I N F O Handling editor: Muhsin J. Jweeg
Sportspecific performance diagnosis in ski mountaineering — comparison of a sportspecific cardiopulmonary exercise test on a treadmill
versus outdoors and at altitude, a pilot study

Background: Ski mountaineering is a competitive sport that has gained popularity during the last years. As most competitions are held in altitudes between 1500 m and 3500 m, a considerable amount of training occurs at various hypobaric hypoxia degrees. It was establishing a sport-specific cardiopulmonary exercise protocol using standard ski mountaineering equipment on a treadmill. This study investigated altitude’s effects on a self-regulated incremental exercise field test at 3100 m with this protocol. Methods: Six athletes were tested (24.2 ± 4.2 years) from the German Ski Mountaineering National Team with a portable telemetric cardiopulmonary exercise test equipment. First, an incremental indoor step test with skis on a treadmill (altitude 310 m) and four days later outdoor on glacier snow (3085 m) after three days of acclimatization. All athletes were exposed to repetitive intermittent hypoxia during the weeks before the test. Standard cardiopulmonary exercise parameters were recorded while individual training zones were defined according to ventilatory thresholds. Results: In highly trained athletes, mean V̇ O2peak (72/ml kg KG/min) was reduced by 25% or 9% per 1000 m altitude gain and by 18% and 23% at the first and second ventilatory thresholds, respectively. Mean maximum heart rate and the heart rate at the ventilatory thresholds were reduced at altitude compared to sea-level, as was the O2 pulse. Conclusion: Due to distinctive individual reactions to hypoxia, cold, etc., an individual and sport-specific field performance analysis, representing the daily training environment, is highly useful in world-class athletes for precise training control. Our self-regulated cardiopulmonary field protocol could well prove to serve in such a way.
Management of Hepatitis C in Dialysis Dependent Patients.

Prevalence of Hepatitis C (HCV) is quite high in Pakistan and in particular among maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. HCV is associated with increasing morbidity and mortality among MHD patients. The current availability of direct acting antiviral therapy has changed the canvas for HCV prevalence in many countries. Aim of our study was to evaluate the status of HCV prevalence and its management at our center. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted at Nawaz Sharif Kidney Hospital Swat, Pakistan to evaluate the seroprevalence of HCV among MHD patients. Data regarding HCV status, PCR positivity and number of patietns on active treatment were evaluated. Results: A total of 109 patients were undergoing MHD in this study. The prevalence of patient who had HCV was 40 (36.6%). All patietns had PCR done and out of them PCR was positive in 28 Patients. All except 4 of the 28 patients had been started on HCV treatment with direct antiviral therapy for HCV. Conclusion: almost all of HCV PCR positive patients were being treated with DAA in our dialysis unit.
Effect of Haemoglobin Variants on Glycemic Indices

Haemoglobin genotypes have been known to be linked with groups of diseases such as diabetes. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of haemoglobin variants on glycemic indices (fasting blood glucose and glycated haemoglobin) in subjects in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. A total of 150subjects were enrolled for the study with AA group = 99 subjects and AS group = 51 subjects. 4mls of blood was collected into EDTA bottle for each subject and was assayed for Hb electrophoresis and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C) using electrophoretic method and automated CLOVER A1c Analyser respectively. 2mls was collected into fluoride oxalate bottle for spectrophotometric analysis of fasting blood glucose (FBG). Results revealed that there were no significant differences in the FBG and HbA1C mean levels of the two studied groups (AA and AS). This study has shown that AA and AS blood genotypes may not have any impact on FBG and HbA1C glycemic parameters.
Effect of micro osteo-perforations (MOP) on the rate of tooth movement and levels of interleukin- 1β – a split mouth study

Introduction Various procedures are available today to enhance tooth movement, with relative success rates, one among them being micro osteo-perforation (MOP). Our aim is to assess the rate of tooth movement and interleukin-1β levels in gingival crevicular fluid levels (GCF) after MOPs. Methods A group of 22 patients were selected, who required first premolars extraction and were designated for the split mouth study with equal allocation. MOP was performed on the right side, three vertical MOPs were given using 1.2 X 8 mm mini implants with the gap of 2 mm between them and surgical depth of the implant insertion was 5 mm. The left side was used as control. The individual canine retraction was initiated with placement of 150 grams on 19*25 SS wire. The case was evaluated at different timelines for canine retraction and interleukin-1β levels. Results There was a significant difference in the rate of canine movement at 45 days (1.42 mm) and end of canine retraction on experimental side (2.61 mm). The GCF levels were raised at T1 and T2 intervals on the side of MOP and were statically significant (p=0.00). Conclusion MOP is a minimally invasive procedure which accelerates the tooth movement by 20%. The increase in IL-1β levels indicates a higher rate of chemical interaction on the surgically assisted side. For enhanced efficiency MOPs should be repeated every 6–8 weeks.
Critical success factors in university-industry collaboration: a bibliometric analysis

Considering the technological development, and particularly the global pandemic of COVID-19, it is essential to align universities and companies as agents in the transformation of society. However, a portion of academic research results does not find application in the productive sector. To better understand such (dis)connection, this study aims to verify in the scientific literature the critical success factors proper to the collaboration between universities and companies. Therefore, a bibliographic survey was carried out in the Scopus and Web of Science databases, considering the period 2000-2020 as temporality. From a quantitative point of view, a bibliometric analysis is presented regarding the year of publication, origin, thematic categories, authorship and co-citation networks, and with a qualitative character, through content analysis, critical factors were identified, with emphasis on trust, commitment, assumption of risks, realistic and well-defined objectives, managerial engagement of project coordinators, university reputation, previous experience in collaboration, communication and organizational culture.
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced cervical cancer: real-world data from the Cancer Medicines Outcomes Programme (CMOP)

Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, G12 0YN Glasgow, Scotland, UK Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Strathclyde, G1 1XH Glasgow, Scotland, UK Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, G4 0RE Glasgow, Scotland, UK Clinical and Protecting Health Directorate, Public Health Scotland, EH12 9EB Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
Risk of nodal metastasis associated with lymphovascular space invasion in endometrial cancer

Objective: We conducted this study to investigate the risk of lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) on lymph node metastasis in endometrial cancer. Methods: Between August 2017 and December 2019, we enrolled 88 consecutive patients with a preoperative histologically confirmed diagnosis of clinical stage 1 endometrioid type endometrial carcinoma, who had undergone hysterectomy and 59 of these patients required staging lymphadenectomy. We used Pearson's correlation coefficient and Mc Nemar's test for comparing LVSI and myometrial invasion to predict lymph node metastasis. Logistic regression analysis used for determining predictors for lymph node (LN) metastasis. Results: 75% of tumors with pelvic lymph node metastasis had LVSI, whereas 80% of the patients with pelvic lymph node negative tumors did not have LVSI and there was a significant correlation between LVSI and pelvic lymph node metastasis (p < 0.01). Sensitivity for LVSI in predicting pelvic lymph node involvement was 75%, specificity was 80.4%, positive predictive value (PPV) was 38% and negative predictive value (NPV) was 95.3% (p<0.05) (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.3–82, hazard ratio (HR): 10.3). Sensitivity for LVSI to predict para-aortic lymph node involvement was 85.7%, specificity 80.8%, PPV 38% and NPV 97.6% (p < 0.05) (95% CI 1.7–205 HR: 18.8). Pathological examination results with myometrial invasion more than half of the myometrium that has 75% sensitivity, 51% specificity, 19% PPV and 93% NPV for pelvic lymph node metastasis, thus, LVSI seems to have equal sensitivity but more specificity (p < 0.05). Discussion: This study demonstrates that LVSI is an independent predictor of LN metastasis for apparently Stage 1 endometrioid type endometrial carcinoma. If feasible, incorporating intraoperative frozen section analysis of LVSI may be used when deciding to perform lymphadenectomy. LVSI status is at least as important as myometrial invasion status of the tumor and LVSI may be a better indicator of lymph node metastasis.
Pharmacological considerations regarding intraoperative hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for ovarian cancer

Since ovarian cancer is limited to the peritoneal cavity for a prolonged period during the disease course, intraperitoneal chemotherapy seems a rational treatment option for residual peritoneal disease after cytoreductive surgery. Intraperitoneal when compared with intravenous chemotherapy exhibits a clear pharmacokinetic benefit. Performing intraperitoneal chemotherapy under hyperthermic conditions, as in intraoperative hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC), may enhance its therapeutic efficacy. Herein, the pharmacological aspects of (hyperthermic) intraperitoneal chemotherapy are discussed, including pharmacokinetics, drug penetration depth into the tumour, drug characteristics, optimal drug choice and the role of hyperthermia. Further clinical pharmacological studies are needed to appraise the optimal drug regimen for HIPEC in patients with primary and recurrent ovarian cancer. Development of new drugs and drug formulations may further improve the efficacy of HIPEC in the future.