Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mustn1 ablation in skeletal muscle results in functional alterations

Mustn1, a gene expressed exclusively in the musculoskeletal system, was shown in previous in vitro studies to be a key regulator of myogenic differentiation and myofusion. Other studies also showed Mustn1 expression associated with skeletal muscle development and hypertrophy. However, its specific role in skeletal muscle function remains unclear. This study sought to investigate the effects of Mustn1 in a conditional knockout (KO) mouse model in Pax7 positive skeletal muscle satellite cells. Specifically, we investigated the potential effects of Mustn1 on myogenic gene expression, grip strength, alterations in gait, ex vivo investigations of isolated skeletal muscle isometric contractions, and potential changes in the composition of muscle fiber types. Results indicate that Mustn1 KO mice did not present any substantial phenotypic changes or significant variations in genes related to myogenic differentiation and fusion. However, an approximately 10% decrease in overall grip strength was observed in the 2‐month‐old KO mice in comparison to the control wild type (WT), but this decrease was not significant when normalized by weight. KO mice also generated approximately 8% higher vertical force than WT at 4 months in the hindlimb. Ex vivo experiments revealed decreases in about 20 to 50% in skeletal muscle contractions and about 10%–20% fatigue in soleus of both 2‐ and 4‐month‐old KO mice, respectively. Lastly, immunofluorescent analyses showed a persistent increase of Type IIb fibers up to 15‐fold in the KO mice while Type I fibers decreased about 20% and 30% at both 2 and 4 months, respectively. These findings suggest a potential adaptive or compensatory mechanism following Mustn1 loss, as well as hinting at an association between Mustn1 and muscle fiber typing. Collectively, Mustn1's complex roles in skeletal muscle physiology requires further research, particularly in terms of understanding the potential role of Mustn1 in muscle repair and regeneration, as well as with influence of exercise. Collectively, these will offer valuable insights into Mustn1's key biological functions and regulatory pathways.
Variations in Base‐Flow Nitrate Flux in a First‐Order Stream and Riparian Zone 1

Abstract: Nonpoint source pollution, which contributes to contamination of surface waters, is difficult to control. Some pollutants, particularly nitrate (), are predominantly transmitted through ground water. Riparian buffer zones have the potential to remove contaminants from ground water and reduce the amount of that enters surface water. This is a justification for setting aside vegetated buffer strips along waterways. Many riparian zone hydrologic models assume uniform ground‐water flow through organic‐rich soil under reducing conditions, leading to effective removal of ground‐water prior to discharge into a stream. However, in a small first‐order stream in the mid‐Atlantic coastal plain, base‐flow generation was highly variable (spatially and temporally). Average base‐flow loads were greater in winter than summer, and higher during a wetter year than in dryer years. Specific sections of the stream consistently received greater amounts of high ground water than others. Areas within the riparian zone responsible for most of the exported from the watershed are termed “critical areas. ” Over this 5‐year study, most of the exported during base flow originated from a critical area comprising less than 10% of the total riparian zone land area. Allocation of resources to address and improve mitigation function in critical areas should be a priority for continued riparian zone research.
Spanish sources concerning the 1693 earthquake in Sicily

When the great 1693 earthquake occurred, Sicily was a viceroyalty of Spain. In order to find primary and direct sources, the Archivo General de Simancas has to be investigated. Due to the lack of extensive and adequate catalogues it is difficult search amongst the millions of documents filed there. The author located among numerous bundles of papers of different Sections. a total of 238 manuscripts (with 850 pages) and 4 printed edicts related to the 1693 earthquake. All the gathered information offers good prospects of true knowledge on many aspects related to the seismic catastrophe: perception area. number of victims, ruin of towns, list of aftershocks. reconstruction. health and public order problems, and all those problems that surround a great historic earthquake (economic, political, social and religious).
Microglial Senescence and Activation in Healthy Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease: Systematic Review and Neuropathological Scoring

The greatest risk factor for neurodegeneration is the aging of the multiple cell types of human CNS, among which microglia are important because they are the “sentinels” of internal and external perturbations and have long lifespans. We aim to emphasize microglial signatures in physiologic brain aging and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). A systematic literature search of all published articles about microglial senescence in human healthy aging and AD was performed, searching for PubMed and Scopus online databases. Among 1947 articles screened, a total of 289 articles were assessed for full-text eligibility. Microglial transcriptomic, phenotypic, and neuropathological profiles were analyzed comprising healthy aging and AD. Our review highlights that studies on animal models only partially clarify what happens in humans. Human and mice microglia are hugely heterogeneous. Like a two-sided coin, microglia can be protective or harmful, depending on the context. Brain health depends upon a balance between the actions and reactions of microglia maintaining brain homeostasis in cooperation with other cell types (especially astrocytes and oligodendrocytes). During aging, accumulating oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction weaken microglia leading to dystrophic/senescent, otherwise over-reactive, phenotype-enhancing neurodegenerative phenomena. Microglia are crucial for managing Aβ, pTAU, and damaged synapses, being pivotal in AD pathogenesis.
Flujo óptico y conducción: caracteristicas generales y velocidad percibida

Tras describir las principales caracteristicas del jlujo Optico, se analizan algunos de 10s trabajos mas relevantes relacionados con el papel de este parametro en la conduccion, y se informa sobre 10s resultados de una investigacion realizada en nuestro pais referida a las relaciones entre el cambio en la velocidad fisica y la variacion correspondiente en la percibida. Ademus de 10s mencionados, se co- mentan 10s trabajos que relacionan al jlujo Optico con el control de la direccion del movimiento y la magnitud de la velocidad percibida. Palabras clave: Flujo optico, conduccion, velocidad, control de la direccion. The article describes the main features of optic jlow and discusses research on the role of this variable, focusing on the results of the research carried out in our country concerning the correlation of per- ceived increases in speed with phisical increases. Studies relating optic jlow with steering control and perceived speed are also discussed. Key Words. Optic Flow, Driving, Speed, Steering.
Distribución de murciélagos (Chiroptera) de la Región Tacna, Perú Distribution of bats in the Tacna region (Perú)

RESUMEN La informacion disponible sobre la diversidad biologica de quiropteros en el sur de Peru es poca y fragmentada, por tal motivo se desarrollo un catastro de las especies de murcielagos en tres provincias de Tacna, Peru. Se registro un total de ocho especies en 15 localidades muestreadas, ubicadas en cinco distritos de la Region Tacna, distribuidas de la siguiente manera Mormopterus kalinowskii , Tadarida brasiliensis , exclusivamente en Ite; Amorphochilus schnablii en Locumba; Desmodus rotundus en Sama; Histiotus macrotus en Ite y Locumba; Platalina genovensium en Sama y Locumba; Histiotus montanus en Sama, Ite y Locumba; Myotis atacamensis en Sama, Pocollay, Ite, Locumba y Chucatamani. La mayor diversidad de murcielagos se halla en la cuenca del rio Locumba, con cinco especies de las ocho reportadas. Palabras clave: distribucion, biodiversidad, murcielagos, Peru, Tacna. ABSTRACT The available information on the biological diversity of bats in southern Peru is small and fragmented, for that reason developed an inventory of bat species in three provinces of Tacna, Peru. There was a total of 8 species in 15 localities sampled, located in 5 districts in the Tacna Region, distributed as follows
Reconstruction and Texturing of 3D Urban Terrain from Uncalibrated Monocular Images Using L 1 Splines

We propose a five-step procedure for reconstruction and texturing of 3D urban terrain based on a novel approach for 3D surface reconstruction from optical images produced by monocular optical cameras on small, inexpensive vehicles without external referencing. The approach consists of generation of a nonparametric 2 . 5D L 1 -spline surface from a point cloud and iterative creation of parametric 3 D L 1 -spline surfaces based on parametrizations using the previous surface. Computational results for a model house and for Gottesaue Palace in Karlsruhe, Germany are presented. The results presented here are proof of principle results that show that the L 1 -spline-based procedure is able to reconstruct and texture 3D urban terrain in spite of the large, abrupt changes in density of the point cloud, and that it produces results that are visually competitive with or superior to competing procedures. Future improvements (finer grids, adaptive grids and parameters, reduction of computing time) are outlined.
Research progress of quercetin in cardiovascular disease

Quercetin is one of the most common flavonoids. More and more studies have found that quercetin has great potential utilization value in cardiovascular diseases (CVD), such as antioxidant, antiplatelet aggregation, antibacterial, cholesterol lowering, endothelial cell protection, etc. However, the medicinal value of quercetin is mostly limited to animal models and preclinical studies. Due to the complexity of the human body and functional structure compared to animals, more research is needed to explore whether quercetin has the same mechanism of action and pharmacological value as animal experiments. In order to systematically understand the clinical application value of quercetin, this article reviews the research progress of quercetin in CVD, including preclinical and clinical studies. We will focus on the relationship between quercetin and common CVD, such as atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, ischemia reperfusion injury, heart failure, hypertension and arrhythmia, etc. By elaborating on the pathophysiological mechanism and clinical application research progress of quercetin's protective effect on CVD, data support is provided for the transformation of quercetin from laboratory to clinical application.
Evaluating the Impacts of Climate Change on Nunavik Marine Infrastructure and Adaptation Solutions

Since 1999, fourteen marine structures have been built in the northern villages of Nunavik, Quebec. These structures generally consist of breakwaters, concrete wharves, access ramps and floating pontoons. During the design of these structures, no consideration was given to potential climate change influence on specific design parameters. Neither data nor projections were available at the time. Transports Quebec, in collaboration with Kativik Regional Government, Ouranos and CIMA+, then developed a project aimed at evaluating marine infrastructure vulnerability in a context of climate change in order to identify adaptation solutions and ensure these structures will last and stay safe to use. In order to anticipate potential impacts of climate changes on marine infrastructure, storm tracks, water levels, waves, sea and coastal ice are being modelled in the Nunavik region. Climate change will impact the way storms travel. Storms can occasionally produce large waves and severe surges that may impact infrastructure in several ways. The longer ice-free season increases the probability for waves and storm surges to develop. The reduced stability of the ice cover increases the risk of ice-related damage on marine structures. Different models (sea ice, storm surge, waves) are being tested and validated in order to check the influence of the different storm track patterns and the run. Integration of all this information in a comprehensive marine infrastructure vulnerability evaluation model will definitely be a challenge, but the first results are quite promising.
Unusual Behavior in Atmospheric Angular Momentum during the 1965 and 1972 El Niños

Abstract The global atmospheric angular momentum (AAM) is known to increase with tropical eastern Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies during El Nino events. Using a reanalysis dataset, the ratio of the monthly AAM anomaly to El Nino SST anomaly (based on the Nino-3.4 index) is found to be approximately 1 angular momentum unit (=1025 kg m2 s−1) per degree Celsius for most post-1975 El Ninos. This ratio is much smaller, however, during the 1965/66 and 1972/73 El Ninos, raising the possibilities that either the early reanalysis data are in error due to sparse observations, or the atmospheric response to the two early El Ninos was unusual. The possibility of a severe data problem in the reanalysis is ruled out by cross-validating the AAM time series with independent measurements of length of day. The latitudinal structures of the zonal wind anomalies in 1965/66 and 1972/73 are examined for both the reanalysis and a set of general circulation model (GCM) simulations. Multiple GCM runs with specifie.
Safety First! Framing and Governing Climate Ge- oengineering Experimentation

Experiments for technology proposals to deliberately intervene in the Earth’s climate system to moderate anthropogenic climate change, collectively known as geoengineering, have begun. Recent controversies have demonstrated that they are more than simply a technical concern: they are political, social and ethical ones too. With more experiments planned, it is imperative that the ways in which such ambitions are understood and used by different participants in discourses on geoengineering are scrutinised by social science. For the first time, this article examines framings of geoengineering experimentation using a corpus approach to thematic discourse analysis. The analysis identifies eleven distinct framings with twenty–four distinct sub–frames under four thematic constructs: knowledge, precaution, control and society. These framings are discussed in the light of research into divergent epistemic and institutional cultures. The article concludes by offering a ‘clumsy’ solution space for geoengineering governance and climate response governance at large.
Combined plate motion and density-driven flow in the asthenosphere beneath Saudi Arabia: Evidence from shear-wave splitting and seismic anisotropy

A comprehensive study of mantle anisotropy along the Red Sea and across Saudi Arabia was performed by analyzing shear-wave splitting recorded by stations from three different seismic networks: the largest, most widely distributed array of stations examined across Saudi Arabia to date. Stations near the Gulf of Aqaba display fast orientations that are aligned parallel to the Dead Sea Transform Fault, most likely related to the strike-slip motion between Africa and Arabia. However, most of our observations across Saudi Arabia are statistically the same, showing a consistent pattern of north-south oriented fast directions with delay times averaging about 1.4 s. Fossilized anisotropy related to the Proterozoic assembly of the Arabian Shield may contribute to the pattern but is not sufficient to fully explain the observations. We feel that the uniform anisotropic signature across Saudi Arabia is best explained by a combination of plate and density driven flow in the asthenosphere. By combining the northeast oriented flow associated with absolute plate motion with the northwest oriented flow associated with the channelized Afar plume along the Red Sea, we obtain a north-south oriented resultant that matches our splitting observations and supports models of active rifting processes. This explains why the north-south orientationmore » of the fast polarization direction is so pervasive across the vast Arabian Plate. « less
Exploring the relative importance of preseason climatic drivers on spring phenology dynamics in the Greater Khingan Mountains, Northeast China

Exploring spring phenology dynamics driven by climate change is crucial for investigating land–climate feedback. However, a thorough assessment of the influence of climatic drivers on spring phenology remains lacking. Here, we investigated spatiotemporal variations at the start of the growing season (SOS) in the Greater Khingan Mountains, Northeast China, during 1982–2015 using the normalized difference vegetation index third‐generation dataset from Global Inventory Modelling and Mapping Studies. To investigate the influence of preseason climatic factors on the SOS, partial correlation analysis was employed to assess correlations as well as to identify dominant regional drivers. Overall, the SOS dates in the study area showed obvious regional characteristics from 1982 to 2015, with a gradual delay from north to south, with more than 90% of the SOS dates occurring from Julian days 125–140. Advancement trends were observed in all ecogeographical regions, thus accounting for 94.6% of the entire research area, with an average of 7.14 days in advance. The partial correlation analysis revealed spring phenology was most significantly influenced by preseason temperature, and temperature promoted the advancement of SOS in almost the entire study area, but for semi‐humid/semi‐arid regions, the effects of total precipitation was greatest. Interestingly, preseason radiation also dominated earlier SOS dates by a few pixels, albeit in a fragmented distribution. Generally, the preseason temperature had a prominent influence on the SOS dates across all ecogeographical regions, whereas the roles of preseason precipitation and radiation varied by region. In addition to analysing a single climatic factor, our study aimed to analyse the comprehensive impacts of climatic factors on spring phenological processes, with a focus on the composite effects, helping us to improve predictions of spring phenology and provide a better understanding of land–climate interactions.
Hypoxic BMSC-derived exosomal miR-652-3p promotes proliferation and metastasis of hepatocarcinoma cancer cells via targeting TNRC6A

Cancer microenvironment plays an important role in the proliferation and metastasis of hepatocarcinoma cancer cells (HCC). Exosomes from bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are a component of the cancer microenvironment. In this study, we reveal that miRNA-652-3P from BMSC-derived exosomes promotes proliferation and metastasis in HCC. The ability of cancer proliferation, migration and invasion can be evaluated after co-culture by CCK-8, wound healing and transwell assay. Isolated exosomes were identified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and the biomarkers of the purified exosomes were showed in West-blotting (WB). MiR-652-3p was detected in the HepG2 and 7721 after co-culturing with exosome derived from BMSCs under different conditions. Target authentication was performed by a luciferase reporter assay to confirm the presumptive target of miR-652-3p. After overexpressing miR-652-3p, the mRNA and protein expression level of TNRC6A in HCC was examined by q-PCR and WB. Further, we observed greater miR-652-3p upregulation in hypoxic BMSCs-exosomes than in normal- exosomes. In addition, a miR-652-3p inhibitor attenuates the proliferation and metastasis of HCC cells after co-culturing with BMSCs. Our data demonstrate that hypoxic BMSCs-derived exosomal miR-652-3p promotes proliferation in HCC cells by inhibiting TNRC6A. The BMSCs-derived exosomal miR-652-3p may help find patient-targeted therapies in hepatocarcinoma cancer.
Cognitive chicken or the emotional egg? How reconceptualizing decision-making by integrating cognition and emotion can improve task psychometrics and clinical utility

Decision-making is an executive function, tapping into cognitive, emotional, and personality-based components. This complexity, and the varying operational definitions of the construct, is reflected in the rich array of behavioral decision-making tasks available for use in research and clinical settings. In many cases, these tasks are “subfield-specific,” with tasks developed by cognitive psychologists focusing on cognitive aspects of decision-making and tasks developed by clinical psychologists focusing on interactions between emotional and cognitive aspects. Critically, performance across different tasks does not consistently correlate, obfuscating the ability to compare scores between measures and detect changes over time. Differing theories as to what cognitive and/or emotional aspects affect decision-making likely contribute to this lack of consistency across measures. The low criterion-related validity among decision-making tasks and lack of consistent measurement of the construct presents challenges for emotion and decision-making scholars. In this perspective, we provide several recommendations for the field: (a) assess decision-making as a specific cognitive ability versus a taxonomy of cognitive abilities; (b) a renewed focus on convergent validity across tasks; (c) further assessment of test–retest reliability versus practice effects on tasks; and (d) reimagine future decision-making research to consider the research versus clinical implications. We discuss one example of decision-making research applied to clinical settings, acquired brain injury recovery, to demonstrate how some of these concerns and recommendations can affect the ability to track changes in decision-making across time.
A Novel Graph Convolutional Gated Recurrent Unit Framework for Network-Based Traffic Prediction

A Smart City is characterized mainly as an efficient, technologically advanced, green, and socially informed city. An intelligent transportation system (ITS) is a subset area of smart cities that enhances the safety and mobility of road vehicles. It essentially makes travel more convenient, time-efficient and improves the citizens’ quality of life. Accurate and real-time traffic prediction enables law enforcement agencies with well-informed about traffic congestion. However, accurate traffic prediction has been considered a challenging issue. Traffic prediction has restrictions on road network topology and the patterns of dynamic change in time-series data. We propose a novel deep learning framework GCST-GRU, called graph convolutional Spatio-temporal gated recurrent unit, to determine the next traffic state from traffic data. The proposed model learns complex topological structures by capturing a) spatial dependencies from data by using the graph convolution operator, and b) temporal dependencies by using the GRU neural network. Experimental results demonstrate that our framework can obtain complex Spatio-temporal correlations efficiently from the traffic network and perform better than state-of-the-art baseline models on a real-world traffic dataset. The graphical visualization by using convolution operation over the neural network shows that the model outperforms the reachability of the 3-hops neighbor effect in the traffic data graph. Additionally, the training time of the proposed framework is better than the existing state-of-the-art deep learning studies.