Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Factors influencing veterinary surgeons’ decision-making about dairy cattle vaccination

The use of vaccines in the cattle industry is widespread; however, there is limited published guidance for use by decision-makers such as farmers and vets. To best support vets in advising dairy farmers on the optimisation of vaccination strategies, it is important to understand how and why vets make decisions about recommending the vaccination of cattle. The objective of this study was to explore in-depth farm animal vets’ motivators and barriers to the implementation of vaccination strategies on British dairy farms. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 15 vets. Results indicated that vets have a positive attitude towards the use of vaccination and have few barriers to advising its implementation. Vets appear to group farmers into three ‘character types’. This characterisation influences the vet–farmer relationship and how the vet communicates with the farmer. Vets required evidence of disease or a risk of disease as a motivator to advise vaccination. However, this seemed to be sometimes overruled by a risk-averse attitude; resulting in vaccination being advised ‘just in case’. Crucially, the need for resources to support and build on the vet–farmer relationship is highlighted as an area requiring further exploration in order to optimise vaccination strategies on farm.
Effect of L-tryptophan on intestinal glucagon like peptide-1(GLP-1) in streptozotocin (stz) induced diabetic rat model

Introduction and Aim: The management of diabetes is a great challenge in this era due to several factors. The financial burden of the medications and the complications of diabetes create management demanding especially in the Indian population. A high protein-rich diet is beneficial in controlling hyperglycemia in diabetic patients. Different amino acids play roles in reducing blood glucose levels in diabetes. Certain amino acids trigger hypoglycemia in diabetes by inducing the gut hormone, Glucagon-like peptide -1(GLP-1) secretion. L-tryptophan is one among them and is present in many of the food items like poultry, beans, seeds, nuts, etc., This study using albino rats focuses on the effect of L-tryptophan on intestinal GLP-1 secretion in diabetic rats by evaluating the blood glucose level, intestinal GLP-1, and intestinal histology of diabetic rats after tryptophan administration.Materials and Methods: Single dose of intraperitoneal injection of STZ (50mg/kg) used to develop diabetic model and orogastric gavage of tryptophan (50mg/kg) was done. Intestinal GLP-1 and blood glucose assay and intestinal histology were the parameters studied.Results: The results showed a significant reduction in blood glucose level and an increased secretion of intestinal GLP-1(p=0.001) in diabetic rats by tryptophan administration and recovery was seen in intestinal histology. In conclusion, in our study, the administration of L- tryptophan in diabetic rats induced a hypoglycemic effect by GLP-1 secretion and restored normal histology.Conclusion: Tryptophan administration showed hypoglycemic effect on diabetic rats as the blood glucose level was reverted to normal and the hypoglycemic effect of L-tryptophan in diabetic rats could be due to increased GLP-1 secretion.
Detection of drought‐induced blue oak mortality in the Sierra Nevada Mountains, California

From 2011 to 2016, California experienced a millennial-intensity drought, generating high levels of tree mortality. Remote sensing has been used to monitor the long-term impacts of drought; how-ever, discriminating dead from live trees in arid and semiarid deciduous woodlands is challenging. The goals of this study were to assess and map the spatial patterns of drought-induced tree mortality in a blue oak ( Quercus douglasii ) woodland, a highly drought-tolerant species forming savannas along the lower foothills surrounding California ’ s Central Valley. Airborne hyperspectral imagery was used to identify the most important wavelength regions predicting drought-induced blue oak mortality. The best metric to predict canopy stress was a normalized ratio using the spectral bands 937.53 and 1100.08 nm with a correla-tion with tree mortality of R 2 = 0.83. The image prediction of mortality for nine ﬁ eld plots found that 16 of 98 trees died (17.9%) during the drought. We further evaluated tree mortality in 82 independent plots, and we found the greatest image predictive accuracy for tree mortality between 1% and 10%. When applied at the landscape level, the regression-based index found mortality ranged from 1% to more than 51% in oak stands with an average mortality of 10% over the entire study region. In addition, tree mortality at landscape level showed higher tree mortality in blue oaks on south-facing aspects probably because of higher insolation rates and in sites with low potential for accumulated drainage.
Visible Photoluminescence of Variable-Length Zinc Oxide Nanorods Embedded in Porous Anodic Alumina Template for Biosensor Applications

Zinc oxide (ZnO) and porous anodic aluminum oxide (PAAO) are technologically important materials, rich with features that are of interest in optical applications, for example, in light-emitting and sensing devices. Here, we present synthesis method of aligned ZnO nanorods (NR) with 40 nm diameter and variable length in 150 to 500 nm range obtained by atomic layer deposition (ALD) of ZnO in pores of continuously variable thickness PAAO. The relative intensity of yellow (1.99 eV), green (2.35 eV), and blue (2.82 eV) photoluminescence (PL) components originating from the different types of defects, varied with non-monotonic dependency on the composite film thickness with a Fabry–Pérot like modulation. The intensity variation of any individual PL component correlated well with anti-reflective properties of ZnO NR–PAAO composite film at the peak wavelength of the particular PL component. This provides a route for selective enhancement or suppression of color components of hybrid fluorescent emitters by tuning only geometric parameters, with potential use in imaging and other optical devices. As an application example we tested the composite film for sensing of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) using a widely accessible fluorescence microscopy setup. The intensity of the yellow and green PL components reduced in response to increased VEGF concentrations, whereas blue component remained invariant.
Multi-Scale Object Detection Method Based on Multi-Branch Parallel Dilated Convolution

: Existing object detection algorithms only use a fixed size convolution kernel when extracting features, ignoring the difference in the receptive field of different scale features, which affects the detection effect of different scale objects. To solve this problem, a multi-scale object detection network based on multi-branch parallel dilated convolution is proposed. Firstly, the basic network VGG-16 is used to extract the features of the image. Secondly, a multi-branch parallel dilated convolution is designed to extract multi-scale features to improve object detection ability of the network. Then, a non-local block is employed to integrate the global spatial information and enhance the context information. Finally, the object detection and location tasks are performed on feature maps with different scales. Experimental results on PASCAL VOC and MS COCO datasets demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively improve the detection accuracy of different scale objects and clearly improve the detection accuracy of small objects.
Implementasi Metode Forward Chaining untuk Identifikasi Penyakit Kulit dan Alternatif Penanganannya

Abstrack – Skin disease is one kind of the most common diseases affecting humans. This happens because skin is the outermost part of body, so germs, bacteria and dirt easily stick to the skin and cause disease. However, finding out the type of skin disease that is being suffered and how to handle it is not easy, while consulting or seeing a specialist doctor or dermatologist certainly requires a large amount of money. In addition, limited time and space also make it difficult for people with skin diseases to consult or seek treatment. Therefore, a mobile application is designed to help identify a disease using forward chaining method. Diseases that can be identified on this application are eczema, scabies, psoriasis and tinea. In addition to identifying diseases, this application also provides alternative treatments so that the users can do the alternative treatments to surmount the illness. Before this research was conducted, the author had a discussion with a skin specialist, who is a dermatologist and genital at Awal Bross Hospital Panam Pekanbaru. This research produces a mobile application that helps users identify skin diseases and provides alternative treatments so that users can save money, time and space. The accuracy value of the result of this research is 90%, precision is 100% and specificity is 100%.
Re-Entrant Corner for a White-Metzner Fluid

Viscoelastic fluids can be difficult to model due to the wide range of different physical behaviors that polymer melts can exhibit. One such feature is the viscous elastic boundary layer. We address the particular problem of a viscoelastic shear-dependent fluid flowing past a corner and investigate how the properties of the boundary layer change for a White-Metzner fluid. The boundary layer equations are derived and the upstream layer is matched with the far-field flow. It was found that if the fluid is sufficiently shear thinning then the viscoelastic boundary layer formulation fails due to the inertial forces becoming dominant. The depth of the boundary layer is controlled by the shear-thinning parameters. These effects are not a feature of other shear-thinning models, such as the Phan-Thien-Tanner model. This study provides insight in the different effects of some commonly used viscoelastic models in corner flows in the upstream boundary layer, the downstream boundary layer is not addressed.
Production and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles in Cultures of the Cyanobacterium A. Platensis (spirulina)

The increasing application of Silver nanoparticles in biologically-relevant areas (including production of textiles, cosmetics, and biomedical devices), where their presence provides a continuous release of silver ions to provide protection against bacteria and other unwanted microbial contaminants urges adoption of intrinsically biologically safe production processes. Various species of cyanobacteria and algae have been known to absorb and take up heavy metal ions. This capability is shown also by Arthrospira platensis (Spirulina), a cyanobacterium that enjoys the Generally Recognised as Safe (GRAS) status and has been declared by WHO one among the greatest superfood. The present study aims at investigating the coupling between the recognised beneficial effects of Spirulina biomass to the antimicrobial activity of Ag nanoparticles (SNPs). In this work, Spirulina was grown in sequential cultures targeting biomass production and nanoparticle formation. The cultures were conditioned during their lifetime in order to assess the effect of pH and added polysaccharides on the size and on the stability of the obtained SNPs. The synthesized SNPs were characterized as to their size and stability (Nanosizer), composition (XRD) and structural aspect (Scanning Electron Microscope).
Management Patterns for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Impact of a Patient Decision Aid

Abstract Introduction: Decision aids aimed at men with benign prostatic hyperplasia used in clinical trials have decreased the use of procedures and affected elements of decisional quality. We employed an online, interactive decision aid for men with benign prostatic hyperplasia as a routine part of care with a urologist and tracked subsequent treatment choice. We further evaluated the role of patient preferences on treatment selection. Methods: Men scheduled for a new patient visit with a urologist for benign prostatic hyperplasia at a single tertiary care center were invited to use a decision aid prior to their visit. We compared treatment patterns in men who used the decision aid to a usual care group identified prior to the decision aid’s introduction. Latent class analysis identified clusters of patients by their treatment preferences, which were then compared to their treatment choice. Results: The rate of procedures in the decision aid group was significantly lower than in the usual care group (6% vs 15%; p=0.0250), matching the rates reporting a procedure as their preferred treatment choice in the post-consult questionnaire (5% vs 15%; p=0.0082). Of the patients in our project 36% had never tried an alpha blocker prior to their urology consult. Latent class analysis found 2 clusters of patient preferences but without a significant association with final treatment selection. Conclusions: Use of a decision aid was associated with a significant decrease in procedural management of benign prostatic hyperplasia. A high proportion of patients were evaluated by urologists without exhausting primary care management options.
The use of artificial neural network to predict correlation of cementation factor to petrophysical properties in Yamamma formation

The cementation factor has specific effects on petrophysical properties in porous media. The accurate determination of this factor gives reliable saturation results and consequently hydrocarbon reserve calculations. Nasiriya oil field is the studied field, which is one of the giant oil fields in the south of Iraq. Five wells from NS-1 to NS-5 were studied wells. The study was made across Yamamma carbonate formation with depth interval from 3,156 m to 3,416 m. Environmental corrections had been made as per SLB charts 2005. Permeability, porosity, resistivity formation factor and cementation factor had been calculated using interactive petrophysical software. In this study, porosity, permeability and resistivity formation factor relationships to cementation factor were proposed using the artificial neural network model. This methodology provided very efficient performance and excellent prediction of cementation factor value with less than 10−4 mean square error (MSE). The results of this model showed that the cementation factor values ranged between 1.95 and 2.13. [Received: August 12, 2015; Accepted August 3, 2016]
Expert Consensus on the Development of a School-Based Intervention to Improve the School Participation and Connectedness of Elementary Students on the Autism Spectrum: A Delphi Study

School participation and connectedness have significant implications for student outcomes while at school and in later life. The need to develop evidence-based interventions to proactively support students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is imperative. A two-round Delphi technique was used to gain expert consensus to inform the development of a school-based intervention to improve the school participation and connectedness of elementary students with ASD. Seventy-six expert clinicians, educators, and researchers completed Round 1 and 65 completed Round 2. Consensus was achieved on the application of a conceptual framework of participation in Round 1, which informed the theoretical rationale of the intervention. Consensus on the importance of proposed classroom modules and the feasibility of proposed intervention techniques was achieved in Round 2. The process of gaining expert perspectives to develop an evidence-based intervention provides greater confidence that the intervention will be effective in achieving meaningful outcomes for students with ASD.
Sizing response of the Ultra-High Sensitivity Aerosol Spectrometer (UHSAS) and Laser Aerosol Spectrometer (LAS) to changes in submicron aerosol composition and refractive index

Abstract. We evaluate the sensitivity of the size calibrations of two commercially available, high-resolution optical particle sizers to changes in aerosol composition and complex refractive index (RI). The Droplet Measurement Technologies Ultra-High Sensitivity Aerosol Spectrometer (UHSAS) and the TSI, Inc. Laser Aerosol Spectrometer (LAS) are two commonly used instruments for measuring the portion of the aerosol size distribution with diameters larger than nominally 60–90 nm. Both instruments illuminate particles with a laser and relate the single-particle light scattering intensity and count rate measured over a wide range of angles to the size-dependent particle concentration. While the optical block geometry and flow system are similar for each instrument, a significant difference between the two models is the laser wavelength (1054 nm for the UHSAS and 633 nm for the LAS) and intensity (about 100 times higher for the UHSAS), which may affect the way each instrument sizes non-spherical or absorbing aerosols. Here, we challenge the UHSAS and LAS with laboratory-generated, mobility-size-classified aerosols of known chemical composition to quantify changes in the optical size response relative to that of ammonium sulfate (RI of 1.52+0i at 532 nm) and NIST-traceable polystyrene latex spheres (PSLs with RI of 1.59+0i at 589 nm). Aerosol inorganic salt species are chosen to cover the real refractive index range of 1.32 to 1.78, while chosen light-absorbing carbonaceous aerosols include fullerene soot, nigrosine dye, humic acid, and fulvic acid standards. The instrument response is generally in good agreement with the electrical mobility diameter. However, large undersizing deviations are observed for the low-refractive-index fluoride salts and the strongly absorbing nigrosine dye and fullerene soot particles. Polydisperse size distributions for both fresh and aged wildfire smoke aerosols from the recent Fire Influence on Regional to Global Environments Experiment and Air Quality (FIREX-AQ) and the Cloud, Aerosol, and Monsoon Processes Philippines Experiment (CAMP2Ex) airborne campaigns show good agreement between both optical sizers and contemporaneous electrical mobility sizing and particle time-of-flight mass spectrometric measurements. We assess the instrument uncertainties by interpolating the laboratory response curves using previously reported RIs and size distributions for multiple aerosol type classifications. These results suggest that, while the optical sizers may underperform for strongly absorbing laboratory compounds and fresh tailpipe emissions measurements, sampling aerosols within the atmospherically relevant range of refractive indices are likely to be sized to better than ±10 %–20 % uncertainty over the submicron aerosol size range when using instruments calibrated with ammonium sulfate.
Benefits of a grape-rich diet on human health: a nutrigenomics study underlining the potential role of non-coding RNAs

© 2021 Milella et al.; the authors have retained copyright and granted the Journal right of first publication; the work has been simultaneously released under a Creative Commons Attribution Licence, which allows others to share the work, while acknowledging the original authorship and initial publication in this Journal. The full licence notice is available at http://journal.embnet. org. O ra l P re se nt at io ns
Exploring factors associated with the use of tobacco and smokeless tobacco in Timor-Leste

ABSTRACT Objective Tobacco epidemic is a serious global health issue, and it is responsible for various illnesses. The objective of this study is to examine sociodemographic and lifestyle factors associated with the use of tobacco and smokeless tobacco among the population in Timor-Leste. Methods Information on tobacco consumption, sociodemographic profiles, and lifestyle behavior was obtained from the Timor–Leste Demographic and Health Survey 2016. A bivariate probit regression method was developed to analyze data from 17229 respondents. The effects of sociodemographic and lifestyle factors on the likelihood of using tobacco and smokeless tobacco were estimated. Results Age, gender, educational level, wealth quintiles, employment status and alcohol drinking were significantly associated with the use of tobacco and smokeless tobacco. Older individuals, males, employed individuals and alcohol drinkers were more likely to be dual users than younger individuals, females, unemployed individuals and non-alcoholic drinkers. Having a high educational level and being in a wealthy quintile were protective against being a dual user. Conclusions Sociodemographic and lifestyle factors play an important role in determining the use of tobacco and smokeless tobacco in Timor-Leste. The findings of this study could help the authorities in formulating more effective tobacco control strategies.
Algoritmos, bolha informacional e mídias sociais: desafios para as eleições na era da sociedade da informação

O uso constante das mídias sociais pelos eleitores tem como consequência a interferência destas no processo eleitoral por meio dos algoritmos, ocasionando uma bolha informacional. Essa bolha informacional faz com que notícias que deveriam chegar de forma neutra aos eleitores sejam contornadas por algoritmos, que fazem com que apenas notícias que estão de acordo com a predileção dos internautas sejam aparentes para os usuários. Por meio do método de procedimento hipotético-dedutivo, com abordagem qualitativa e técnica de pesquisa bibliográfica, concluiu-se que os algoritmos e a bolha informacional prejudicam a liberdade de informação, na medida em que esse direito é inerente a divulgação de informações diversas e difusas a todos os envolvidos no curso das eleições. Ademais, uma legislação específica, como a pretendida pelo PL 4120/2020 sobre o tema mostra-se necessária.
Internal Validation of the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale:Rasch Analysis in the Indonesian Context

This study's purpose is to analyze the psychometric properties of the Indonesian version of the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental WellBeing Scale (WEMWBS) using the Rasch model measurement analysis to test its reliability of measurements, item fit statistics, rating scale functions, and differential item functioning. A total of 855 Indonesian samples completed 14-items in the Indonesian version of WEMWBS. The Rasch analysis indicates that the data fit the model, the item-person reliability is above 0.8, and the item-person separation is above the minimum requirement. All items in the instrument have met the statistic criteria indices in terms of outfit mean square as all item-measure correlation is above 0.4. The Likert rating scale analyses found the scale functioning properly and free from disordered thresholds. Lastly, DIF by gender was detected in three items. Further testing and refinement need to be conducted to ensure the reliability of the Indonesian version of WEMWBS. Keywords : Mental Well-Being, WEMWBS, Validation, Rasch model, DIF.
Mathematical modeling and identification of surface vessel model parameters

The paper considers the problems of modeling and identiﬁcation of parameters for models of surface ships. The proposed identiﬁcation method is applied to a modiﬁed second order Nomoto model for ship steering. The identiﬁcation algorithm is based on the Dynamic Regressor Extension and Mixing Method (DREM) that is performed in two steps. At the ﬁrst stage parameterization is used for a regression model, in which the regressor and regression depend on the measured signals, namely, longitudinal, lateral and angular velocities and steering angle. At the second stage a new regression model is built using linear stable ﬁlters and delays. Finally, the parameters are estimated by the standard gradient descent method. The paper proposes a new algorithm which identiﬁes the parameters for models of surface ships. The authors analyzed the prospects of the proposed estimating method by computer experiments. Experiments have shown the advantage of the method: when using the gradient descent method, the transient time spent to estimate the signal parameters is much longer than using the DREM method. At the same time, in the case of using the DREM method, there is no overshoot. The results of the work can serve as a basis for methods, algorithms and software for designing ship automated navigation systems and control systems for other modes of transport. This is conﬁrmed by the simulation results.