Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Phytochemical profile, acute oral toxicity, antioxidant, and antispasmodic effects of ethyl acetate and aqueous residual fractions of Diospyros mespiliformis Hochst. ex A. DC (Ebenaceae) leaves on isolated duodenum of rat

Introduction: Diospyros mespiliformis Hochst. ex A. Rich (Ebenaceae) is a nutritional, artisanal and medicinal plant. It is used in alternative medicine in Burkina Faso for the treatment of conjunctivitis, menorrhagia, dysentery, and especially diarrhea. Aims: Our study aimed to evaluate the chemical profile, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, the safety of use, and the spasmolytic effects of the fractions obtained from the aqueous decoction of the leaves of Diospyros mespiliformis. Methods: Phytochemical screening by HPTLC and the determination of compounds of interest were carried out. The antioxidant activity was evaluated according to the ABTS, DPPH, FRAP, and LPO methods. The inhibitory activity of Phospholipase A2 and 15-lipoxygenase was evaluated. Acute oral toxicity was carried out on female mice (NMRI). The ex vivo spasmolytic effect of the fractions was tested on isolated rat duodenum using ACh and BaCl2 as contracting agents. Results: At the end of these tests, the fractions contain flavonoids, tannins, sterols, triterpenes, and saponosides. The content of total phenolics was respectively for the ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) and the residual aqueous fraction (RAF) 84.15±1.73 mg EAT/g and 89.67±2.35 mg EAT/g. That of flavonoids was respectively 45.91 ± 0.98 mg EQ/g and 10.46±0.28 mg EQ/g for the two fractions. The 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of EAF for the ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP tests were 2.26±0.16 μg/mL, 22.34±7.23 μg/mL and 1136.25±0.90 mol EAA/g respectively, and an inhibition % of 43.80 ± 6.31% for LPO. For RAF, the IC50 were in the same range as EAF of 16.82±0.23 μg/mL, 18.58±2.91 μg/mL, 1138.4±1.27 mol EAA/g and an inhibition of 45.14±10.35% for LPO. The fractions had an inhibitory effect on phospholipase A2 compared to Betamethasone. Finally, the most active EAF caused a spasmolytic effect with Emax of 87.4±15.71% and 90.40±7.84%, respectively, during contractions induced by BaCl2 and ACh. Conclusion: Finally, this work provided scientific data and could justify the use of D. mespiliformis leaves in the treatment of diarrhea. Keywords: Diospyros mespiliformis, Leaves, Antioxidants, Anti-inflammatory, Safety of use, Spasmolytic
Male harm suppresses female fitness, affecting the dynamics of adaptation and evolutionary rescue

Abstract One of the most pressing questions we face as biologists is to understand how climate change will affect the evolutionary dynamics of natural populations and how these dynamics will in turn affect population recovery. Increasing evidence shows that sexual selection favors population viability and local adaptation. However, sexual selection can also foster sexual conflict and drive the evolution of male harm to females. Male harm is extraordinarily widespread and has the potential to suppress female fitness and compromise population growth, yet we currently ignore its net effects across taxa or its influence on local adaptation and evolutionary rescue. We conducted a comparative meta-analysis to quantify the impact of male harm on female fitness and found an overall negative effect of male harm on female fitness. Negative effects seem to depend on proxies of sexual selection, increasing inversely to the female relative size and in species with strong sperm competition. We then developed theoretical models to explore how male harm affects adaptation and evolutionary rescue. We show that, when sexual conflict depends on local adaptation, population decline is reduced, but at the cost of slowing down genetic adaptation. This trade-off suggests that eco-evolutionary feedback on sexual conflict can act like a double-edged sword, reducing extinction risk by buffering the demographic costs of climate change, but delaying genetic adaptation. However, variation in the mating system and male harm type can mitigate this trade-off. Our work shows that male harm has widespread negative effects on female fitness and productivity, identifies potential mechanistic factors underlying variability in such costs across taxa, and underscores how acknowledging the condition-dependence of male harm may be important to understand the demographic and evolutionary processes that impact how species adapt to environmental change.
UJI SITOTOKSIK FRAKSI DAN EKSTRAK ETANOL RUMPUT TEKI (Cyperus rotundus) TERHADAP SEL KANKER PAYUDARA (MCF-7)

Rimpang Rumput Teki (Cyperus rotundus) mengandung senyawa α-cyperone yang memiliki aktivitas sebagai antikanker. Pada penelitian sebelumnya ekstrak metanol rimpang teki memiliki nilai IC50 sebesar 4,52 ± 0,57 μg/mL. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas sitotoksik pada ekstrak etanol serta pada fraksi nheksan, etil asetat, dan etanol:air rimpang teki terhadap sel kanker payudara MCF-7. Uji kualitatif dilakukan dengan KLT untuk membuktikan keberadaan senyawa (α-cyperone) dan dengan GC-MS untuk mengetahui kandungan senyawa mayor dalam rimpang teki. Metode ekstraksi yang digunakan adalah maserasi dengan etanol 96%. Fraksinasi dilakukan dengan metode cair-cair menggunakan n-heksan, etil asetat, dan etanol:air. Uji sitotoksik dilakukan dengan metode MTT Assay yang selanjutnya dibaca menggunakan ELISA reader. Hasil uji menunjukkan bahwa IC50 pada ekstrak etanol, fraksi n-heksan adalah 1522,608 dan 165,997μg/mL, sedangkan untuk fraksi etil asetat dan fraksi etanol:air tidak dapat terhitung. Hasil uji KLT membuktikan bahwa pada ekstrak terdapat α-cyperone. Pada uji kualitatif dengan GC-MS terlihat hasil bahwa senyawa mayor pada ekstrak etanol, fraksi n-heksan, etil asetat, dan etanol:air didapatkan senyawa mayor berturut-urut berupa 1-Butanamine, 1-Pentanol,5-Cyclopropiliden, Cycloporpil carbinol, 1,2-Ethanediamine.
Compositional simulation of hydrocarbon recovery from oil shale reservoirs with diverse initial saturations of fluid phases by various thermal processes

We have studied the hydrocarbon production from oil shale reservoirs filled with diverse initial saturations of fluid phases by implementing numerical simulations of various thermal in-situ upgrading processes. We use our in-house fully functional, fully implicit, and non-isothermal simulator, which describes the in-situ upgrading processes and hydrocarbon recovery by multiphase-multicomponent systems. We have conducted two sets of simulation cases—five-spot well pattern problems and Shell In-situ Conversion Process (ICP) problems. In the five-spot well pattern problems, we have analyzed the effects of initial fluid phase that fills the single-phase reservoir and thermal processes by four cases—electrical heating in the single-phase-aqueous reservoir, electrical heating in the single-phase-gaseous reservoir, hot water injection in the single-phase-aqueous reservoir, and hot CO2 injection in the single-phase-gaseous reservoir. In the ICP problems, we have analyzed the effects of initial saturations of fluid phases that fill two-phase-aqueous-and-gaseous reservoir by three cases—initial aqueous phase saturations of 0.16, 0.44, and 0.72. Through the simulation cases, system response and production behavior including temperature profile, kerogen fraction profile, evolution of effective porosity and absolute permeability, phase production, and product selectivity are analyzed. In the five-spot well pattern problems, it is found that the hot water injection in the aqueous phase reservoir shows the highest total hydrocarbon production, but also shows the highest water-oil-mass-ratio. Productions of phases and components show very different behavior in the cases of electrical heating in the aqueous phase reservoir and the gaseous phase reservoir. In the ICP problems, it is found that the speed of kerogen decomposition is almost identical in the cases, but the production behavior of phases and components is very different. It is found that more liquid organic phase has been produced in the case with the higher initial saturation of aqueous phase by the less production of gaseous phase.
Cell-based Genetic Therapy for the Induction of Foetal Haemoglobin in Sickle Cell Disease and Transfusion-dependent β-thalassaemia

Sickle cell disease and β-thalassaemia can be ameliorated or perhaps even ‘cured’ if most erythrocytes can be induced to contain high levels of foetal haemoglobin. While this is not yet possible using foetal haemoglobin-inducing drugs, it might be feasible with cell-based gene therapy. After mobilization of autologous haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, these cells are engineered with vectors that lead to the derepression of foetal haemoglobin genes or add a globin gene that mimics the effects of foetal haemoglobin. Auto-transplantation after myeloablative conditioning is associated with levels of foetal haemoglobin or an antisickling haemoglobin of about 40% of total haemoglobin. In nearly every patient symptoms of sickle cell disease disappear; patients with β-thalassaemia rarely require blood transfusions. In both groups of patients anaemia is absent or minimal. Optimistically, treated patients appear functionally ‘cured’. These are very early days of gene therapy. Less than 200 patients have been followed, usually for no more than 5 years. It is highly likely that improved methods that are being intensively studied will simplify gene therapy leading to its wider applicability for individuals with these very common monogenic diseases.
Porphyromonas gingivalis: A scoping review

Introduction: Porphyromonas gingivalis is a Gram-negative anaerobic bacterium, which is considered a key to the onset of inflammatory conditions affecting the supporting tissues of teeth. Objective: To analyze the literature on the epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment and oral manifestations of P. gingivalis . Methodology: Information from articles published in PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar with the words " Porphyromonas gingivalis ", "epidemiology", "periodontal disease", "oral manifestations", "treatment" was analyzed. Results: The epidemiology of this pathogen is more than 85% in patients with periodontal disease. The method to diagnose P. gingivalis is by ELISA. The best treatment is scaling and root planing with antibiotic or antiseptic adjuvant. It manifests clinically with periodontal disease. Conclusions : Porphyromonas gingivalis has a high presence in periodontal disease and predisposes to diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and Alzheimer's disease.
Outcomes of Guided Personalized Surgery (GPS)-Navigated Reverse Polarity Total Shoulder Joint Replacement in a Low-Volume Hospital

Introduction Reverse polarity shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) is an evolving surgery, and its indications have expanded over time. Apart from cuff tear arthropathy (CTA), it is recommended for complex proximal humerus fractures in the elderly, inflammatory arthritis, primary osteoarthritis in the elderly, and revision for failed hemiarthroplasty. Glenoid base plate placement and fixation are important to prevent complications, especially glenoid base plate loosening, dislocation, and scapular notching, and to improve longevity. Guided personalized surgery (GPS)-navigated RSA was devised to optimize the glenoid base plate position and fixation. Methodology A retrospective study was carried out in a low-volume district general hospital in England. All the patients who underwent GPS-navigated RSA were included. Their preoperative glenoid version, bone stock, glenoid base plate, and glenoid screw lengths were analysed. Preoperative and post-surgery patient-reported outcomes were gathered using the Oxford Shoulder Score (OSS) at six months and annually thereafter. Results Fourteen patients have undergone GPS-navigated RSA in our institute since 2018. Ten patients were female. All of them had a retroverted glenoid with a mean value of 13.6 degrees. Ten out of 14 patients had an augmented glenoid base plate. This included six eight-degree posterior augmentations, three 10-degree superior augmentations, and one extended cage peg. The follow-up period was six months to five years, depending on the date of surgery, and none of the patients dropped out of follow-up. The OSS revealed statistically significant improvement from preoperative values to six months postoperative, an improvement of 21.64±7.175. It also showed progressive improvement over time during postoperative follow-up, and the three-year mean was 47. The commonest complication was fractures, which happened in four cases. There were no infections or dislocations. Discussion Guided personalized surgery-navigated RSA was performed on selected patients at our institution when they were not suitable for conventional RSA due to distorted glenoid anatomy. Glenoid base plate positioning and fixation are important to optimize the outcome of RSA. Guided personalized surgery navigation is helpful in achieving optimum glenoid base placement, especially when the normal glenoid anatomy is distorted. There were no dislocations, glenoid base plate loosening, or scapular notching in the study group. There were four reported fractures, which was comparable with the published literature.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK DAUN PUCUK MERAH (Syzygium myrtifolium) DAN PENETAPAN KADAR FENOL TOTAL

Tanaman pucuk merah (Syzygium myrtifolium Walp.) merupakan familia Myrtaceae yang banyak dimanfaatkan masyarakat sebagai tanaman hias. Uji fitokimia daun berwarna merah Syzygium myrtifolium pada penelitian Haryati et al. (2015) menunjukkan adanya kandungan fenolik, flavonoid, alkaloid, triterpenoid, steroid, dan saponin. Beberapa senyawa tersebut mengindikasikan adanya aktivitas antioksidan, sehingga perlu dilakukan uji antioksidan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan dan kadar fenol total ekstrak etanol daun merah pucuk merah. Uji aktivitas antioksidan dilakukan dengan metode DPPH (2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil), sedangkan penetapan kadar fenol total dilakukan dengan metode folin-ciocalteu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun merah pucuk merah memiliki aktivitas antioksidan sangat kuat dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 2,195 ppm. Aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak tersebut sangat kuat karena adanya beberapa kandungan senyawa, salah satunya fenol yang dapat meredam radikal DPPH. Hasil penetapan kadar fenol total ekstrak etanol daun merah pucuk merah adalah 371,833 ± 1,818 mg GAE/g ekstrak. Kadar fenol total tersebut menunjukkan bahwa tiap gram ekstrak setara dengan 371,833 mg asam galat.
Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Synthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles in Solvent with Visible Emission for Temperature Sensing

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) are synthesized by one-step femtosecond laser ablation of zinc powders in n-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) at room temperature. The as-prepared ZnO NPs are fairly stable, water-soluble and have abundant surface functional groups resulting in a strong fluorescence in the visible region. By further annealing the ZnO NPs in the reacting solvent up to 120∘C, the photoluminescence (PL) intensity of material can be significantly enhanced. Besides, the PL of ZnO NPs can change from blue to green by controlling the annealing temperature. The products exhibit excellent temperature sensing with high temperature sensitivity and a 1.3% change per ∘C response over a linear temperature sensing range (6–84[Formula: see text] in aqueous buffer, which matches well with the physiologically relevant temperatures. Hence, the ZnO nanoparticle system can serve as a promising candidate for practical fluorescent temperatures nanosensors which can be used for accurate temperature monitoring within biological systems.
Örgüt İkliminin Belirlenmesi: Kamu Hastanesi Örneği

Orgut iklimi, orgute kimligini kazandiran, calisanlarin davranislarini etkileyen ve onlar tarafindan algilanan, orgute egemen olan tum ozellikler serisi olarak tanimlanabilir. Bu calisma, Ankara Yuksek Ihtisas Hastanesi’nin orgut iklimini degerlendirmek ve orgut iklimi boyutlarinin calisanlarin sosyo-demografik ve calisma durumu ozelliklerine gore farkliligini ortaya koymak amaciyla yapilmistir. Arastirmada orneklem secilmemis, evrenin tamamina (279) ulasilmasi hedeflenmistir. Hastanede 2015 yilinda gorev yapan 157 idari personel arastirma kapsamina alinmistir. Veri toplama araci olarak “Orgut Iklimi Olcegi” kullanilmistir. Olcegin guvenirlilik degerleri alt boyutlarina gore hesaplanmis ve yuksek duzeyde guvenilir bulunmustur. Hastanede en yuksek puan ortalamasinin orgut iklimi alt boyutlarindan isin iddiali olmasi, en dusuk puan ortalamasinin rol belirsizligi boyutunda oldugu saptanmistir. Isin iddiali olmasi boyutu ile cinsiyet arasinda; otonomi ve ozgurluk boyutu ile yas ve kurumdaki hizmet suresi arasinda istatistiksel acidan anlamli farkliliklar bulunmustur. Buna gore, yonetim desteginin saglanmasi, rol belirsizliginin azaltilmasi, idari personelin kariyer planlamasina imkân saglanmasi, calisanlarin birbirleri ile etkilesimlerinin artirilmasi icin etkinliklerin planlanmasi, calisanlarin takdir edilmesi, yeteneklerini kullanabilmelerine ve kararlara katilmasina olanak taninmasi onerilmektedir.
Time Series Modeling of Tuberculosis Cases in India from 2017 to 2022 Based on the SARIMA-NNAR Hybrid Model

Tuberculosis (TB) is still one of the severe progressive threats in developing countries. There are some limitations to social and economic development among developing nations. The present study forecasts the notified prevalence of TB based on seasonality and trend by applying the SARIMA-NNAR hybrid model. The NIKSHAY database repository provides monthly informed TB cases (2017 to 2022) in India. A time series model was constructed based on the seasonal autoregressive integrated moving averages (SARIMA), neural network autoregressive (NNAR), and, SARIM-NNAR hybrid models. These models were estimated with the help of the Bayesian information criterion (BIC) and Akaike information criterion (AIC). These models were established to compare the estimation. A total of 12,576,746 notified TB cases were reported over the years whereas the average case was observed as 174,677.02. The evaluating parameters values of RMSE, MAE, and MAPE for the hybrid model were found to be (13738.97), (10369.48), and (06.68). SARIMA model was (19104.38), (14304.15), and (09.45) and the NNAR were (11566.83), (9049.27), and (05.37), respectively. Therefore, the NNAR model performs better with time series data for fitting and forecasting compared to other models such as SARIMA as well as the hybrid model. The NNAR model indicated a suitable model for notified TB incidence forecasting. This model can be a good tool for future prediction. This will assist in devising a policy and strategizing for better prevention and control.
EFEK DUKUNGAN SOSIAL TERHADAP CO-WOKER EXCHANGE DAN KETERIKATAN KERJA

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui menjelaskan dan menganalisis pengaruhpengaruh dukungan sosial Co-Woker Exchange dan Keterikatan Kerja diPemerintahan Kabupaten Rokan Hulu. Sampel yang diambil dalam penelitianini adalah sebanyak 178 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan menggunakankuesioner. Teknis analisis data pada penelitian ini adalah dengan StructuralEquation Modelling (SEM) dengan menggunakan SmartPLS 3.0 sebagai alatpengolahan data. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Perceived co-wokers Support berpengaruh Positif dan Signifikan terhadap Keterikatan Kerja,Perceived co-wokers Support berpengaruh Positif dan Signifikan terhadap Co-wokers Exchange, Co-wokers Exchange berpengaruh Positif dan Signifikanterhadap Keterikatan Kerja. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa Co-wokersexchange memediasi hubungan antara Perceived co-wokers support terhadapKeterikatan Kerja di Instansi Pemerintahan Kabupaten Rokan Hulu.Kata Kunci: Dukungan Sosial, Co-Woker Exchange, Keterikatan Kerja.
SAPWOOD OF YOUNG TEAK FROM THINNING AS POTENTIAL MATERIAL FOR MAKING PRODUCTS

: The demand of wood is increasing, but the supply is limited, on the contrary, there are amount of potential young teaks ( Tectona grandis L.f.) from thinning of teak plantations that could contribute to meet this demand. During the time from planting until harvesting (rotation age), a number of young teak trees, which comprise mostly sapwood, are felled regularly due to the thinning to stimulate the better growth of the remaining teak trees in the plantations. There are at least 1.2 million hectares of teak plantations in Java, Indonesia, and 3.146 million hectares in other countries. In one of the teak plantations, for 1 hectare with the average site quality and the rotation age of 40 years, from 1,769 5-year-old teak trees will be felled regularly during the rotation age until 277 39-year-old teak trees remain at harvesting. From this study, consider the significant amount of young teaks from the thinning is available, it is necessary to utilize these potential material become suitable products by taking the advantage of its properties and prominent characteristics, e.g. border patterns and lighter color of the sapwood, to enhance its utilization and value.
Molecular detection of Salmonella in broiler chicken

Salmonella is one of the infectious diseases that can found in broiler chicken. Salmonella is also a potential pathogen that can cause disease in both animal and human. This study was designed as reference for detection and identification of Salmonella bacteria from broiler chicken feces using culture methods and combined with PCR analysis. 10 fecal samples were isolated from close house type farm at Tabanan district, Bali, Indonesia. The samples are transported using Stuart media, enriched using Selenite broth and cultured in Xylose-lysine-deoxycholate (XLD) agar. After the Salmonella colonies grow, the DNA are extracted, proceed to PCR analysis and sent for sequencing. The result showed that 60% of the samples are Salmonella enterica bacteria that confirmed by culture media and molecular method.
Relationship between baseline mean platelet volume (MPV) and prognosis of patients with acute mild cerebral infarction undergoing intravenous thrombolysis with Alteplase

Objective: To investigate the relationship between baseline, mean platelet volume (MPV) and prognosis of patients with acute mild cerebral infarction undergoing intravenous thrombolysis with alteplase. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of clinical imaging and laboratory data of patients with acute mild cerebral infarction who received intravenous thrombolytic therapy with alteplase in Baoding No.1 Central Hospital between March 2018 and March 2021. According to mRS scores after three months, a total of 140 patients were divided into the good prognosis group(n=115) (mRS score <two) and the poor prognosis group(n=25) (mRS score ≥two). Logistic regression analysis was employed to investigate MPV and other factors that may affect the prognosis. The ROC curve of subjects was used to predict the prognosis of influencing factors. Possible influencing factors of early neurological deterioration (END) were also analyzed. Results: Logistic regression analysis showed that 24 hour NIHSS score after thrombolysis and baseline MPV were independently correlated with 3-month prognosis. The ROC curve indicated an optimal cutoff value of 9.65 fl for MPV in predicting poor prognosis. The study also found that the increase of baseline MPV had a close bearing on the risk increase of END. Conclusion: Baseline MPV is an independent risk factor for early neurological deterioration and three months poor prognosis in patients with acute mild cerebral infarction undergoing intravenous thrombolysis.