Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Activities Designed According to the Incremental Self-theory on Students’ Self-confidence and Their Views About Their Growth Mindset in 7th Grade Science Lesson

© 2022 Bartın University Journal of Faculty of Education. This is an open-access article under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). The Effect of Activities Designed According to the Incremental Self-theory on Students’ Self-confidence and Their Views About Their Growth Mindset in 7th Grade Science Lesson Sema İrem Orhan, Abdullah Aydın b
How do synesthetes experience the world ?

Synesthesia corresponds to a condition in which “stimulation in one sensory or cognitive stream leads to associated experiences in a second, unstimulated stream” (Hubbard, 2007, p. 193). It has also been characterized as a “startling sensory blending” (Cytowic, 1997, p. 17) “not experienced by most people under comparable conditions” (Grossenbacher & Lovelace, 2001, p. 36). The first medical account came from George Sachs (1812), an albino and synesthete, who describes at the end of his medical dissertation how black letters appear to him in various shades (quoted by Ward, 2008). Previous mentions, more or less akin to thought experiments, are found in Locke (1690) and Leibniz (1765) who report of a blind man for whom thinking of the color scarlet is like hearing “the sound of a trumpet”. Later, Fechner (1871; followed by Galton, 1880) published more general surveys of colored letters, also known as “photisms”. Since these early studies, the initial source of puzzlement has remained the same. What is particularly distinctive of synesthetes is their ability to give consistent pairings of apparently unrelated sensory attributes, like letters and colors, over a very long stretch of time (Baron-Cohen et al., 1993; Rich et al., 20052). This ability seems to go beyond what normal memory can achieve and suggests that the associations are not random. This is what leads to accept the existence of a specific experiential basis for these associations.
DETECTION OF COVID-19 FROM CHEST X-RAY IMAGES USING IMAGE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES

ABSTRACT Novel coronavirus disease (nCOVID-19) is the most challenging problem for the world. The disease is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-COV-2), leading to high morbidity and mortality worldwide. The study reveals that infected patients exhibit distinct radiographic visual characteristics along with fever, dry cough, fatigue, dyspnea, etc. Chest X-Ray (CXR) is one of the important, non-invasive clinical adjuncts that play an essential role in the detection of such visual responses associated with SARS-COV-2 infection. However, the limited availability of expert radiologists to interpret the CXR images and subtle appearance of disease radiographic responses remains the biggest bottlenecks in manual diagnosis. In this study, we present an automatic COVID screening (ACoS) system that uses radiomic texture descriptors extracted from CXR images to identify the normal, suspected, and nCOVID-19 infected patients. The proposed system uses two-phase classification approach (normal vs. abnormal and nCOVID-19 vs. pneumonia) using Random Forest classification algorithms. The detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2), which is responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), using chest X-ray images has life-saving importance for both patients and doctors. In addition, in countries that are unable to purchase laboratory kits for testing, this becomes even more vital. In this work, we aimed to present the use of machine learning for the high-accuracy detection of COVID-19 using chest X-ray images.
Stress levels of healthcare workers in the COVID-19 pandemic and relation to gender roles: Is the problem limited to the work? (eng)

Objective: In addition to many medical consequences, COVID-19 pandemic has also caused some social changes especially for healthcare workers working in the front lines of the pandemic. However, this has not affected everyone equally and gender roles became a determinant especially in domestic life. Method: In this crosssectional study with a sample of 670 healthcare workers in Turkey;a sociodemographic data form, Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and Gender Roles Attitude Scale (GRAS) were applied to examine stress levels and their relationship with gender roles. Results: Mean PSS scores were significantly higher in women (27.03) healthcare workers than men (23.14) Women who did all or most of the housework on their own were almost three times the men (67.2% vs 22.9%) and this increased stress levels of women. In the GRAS, female participants had higher scores (173.2) than male participants (161.8);which means they were more egalitarian, and academic degree or job did not affect GRAS. Discussion: Besides many challenges related with working in pandemic period;women healthcare workers face additional distress because of the gender roles. Analyzing the effects of the pandemic without gender dimensions may be insufficient to fully understand the public health aspect of the pandemic.
A nonparametric method for gradual change problems with statistical guarantees

We consider the detection and localization of gradual changes in the distribution of a sequence of time-ordered observations. Existing literature focuses mostly on the simpler abrupt setting which assumes a discontinuity jump in distribution, and is unrealistic for some applied settings. We propose a general method for detecting and localizing gradual changes that does not require a speciﬁc data generating model, a particular data type, or prior knowledge about which features of the distribution are subject to change. Despite relaxed assumptions, the proposed method possesses proven theoretical guarantees for both detection and localization
Low Psychological Flexibility and high Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) associate with Fatigue symptoms

Background: Recent studies showed that enhancing psychological flexibility could improve fatigue interference. Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), Heart Rate Variability (HRV), and Cortisol were proposed to involve biomarkers in psychological flexibility. Our study aims to explore the association of fatigue with psychological flexibility and related biomarkers. Method: A cross-sectional study gathered data from a baseline characteristic mindful volunteer. Each participant was self-evaluated with the questionnaire of fatigue and psychological flexibility. The participants were evaluated potential biomarkers related to psychological flexibility including HRV, serum cortisol, and BDNF within one week after responding to the questionnaire. Results: The 47 healthy females including 22 nurses and 25 occupational therapy students, mean age 29.70 ± 12.55 years. The prevalence of fatigue is 38.30%. The multivariate analysis showed the independent factors associated with fatigue including negative psychological flexibility (OR 1.31, p=0.03) and high BDNF (OR 1.33, p=0.05). Conclusion: Our study found that psychological flexibility and high BDNF was independent factors associate with fatigue. This result provide insight that intervention that increase either psychological flexibility may prevent fatigue symptoms. The high BDNF may reflex the adaptive response of fatigue person and may be potential biomarkers for detecting early fatigue conditions.
Peripheral electrical nerve stimulation and rest-activity rhythm in Alzheimer's disease

actigraphs. Near-signiﬁcant ﬁndings on the rest-activity rhythm partially support the hypothesis that neuronal stimulation enhances the rest-activity rhythm in AD patients. Interest-ingly, post-hoc analyses revealed signiﬁcant treatment eﬀects in a group of patients who were not using acetylcholinesterase inhibitors concomitantly. We conclude that more research is needed before ﬁrm general conclusions about the eﬀectiveness of electrical stimulation as a symptomatic treatment in AD can be drawn. In addition, the present post-hoc ﬁndings indicate that future studies on non-pharmacological interventions should take medication use into account.
Premedications for Cancer Therapies: A Primer for the Hematology/Oncology Provider

Chemotherapeutic agents and radiation therapy are associated with numerous potential adverse events (AEs). Many of these common AEs, namely chemotherapy- or radiation-induced nausea and vomiting, hypersensitivity reactions, and edema, can lead to deleterious outcomes (such as treatment nonadherence or cessation, or poor clinical outcomes) if not prevented appropriately. The occurrence and severity of these AEs can be prevented with the correct prescribing of prophylactic medications, often called “premedications. ” The advanced practitioner in hematology/oncology should have a good understanding of which chemotherapeutic agents are known to place patients at risk for these adverse events as well as be able to determine appropriate prophylactic medications to employ in the prevention of these adverse events. While several guidelines and literature exist regarding best practices for prophylaxis strategies, differences among guidelines and quality of data should be explored in order to accurately implement patient-specific recommendations. Herein, we review the existing literature for prophylaxis and summarize best practices
Is the New EN689 a Better Standard to Test Compliance With Occupational Exposure Limits in the Workplace?

Abstract Objective To evaluate the performance of three measurement strategies to test compliance with occupational exposure limits of similarly exposed groups (SEGs): the old and new versions of EN689, and the BOHS-NVvA guidance on measuring compliance. Methods Respirable dust exposures concentrations (n = 1383) measured within the member companies of IMA-Europe were used to compare compliance decisions between the three measurement strategies. A total of 210 SEGs of which 158 with repeated measurements were analysed. An R studio OHcomplianceStrategies package was created for the purpose. Results The old EN689 strategy resulted in the highest number of compliant SEGs in the preliminary tests and statistical test (49–52% and 83%) with lower percentages of compliance with the new EN689 standard (32–44% and 71%). The percentage of non-compliant SEGs was relatively similar between the old and new EN689 for the preliminary tests (1–12% versus 6–11%). However, the new EN689 declared almost twofold more SEGs non-compliant when applying the statistical test (29% versus 17%). The BOHS-NVvA individual test showed results in between the 26% non-compliant SEGs. Conclusion This study showed differences in compliance decisions between the old and new EN689, with the new EN689 being considerably more stringent and resulting in more non-compliant SEGs.
Beyond the mother-child dyad: Is co-residence with a grandmother associated with adolescent girls’ family planning knowledge?

Background In South Asian countries, adolescent girls are generally embedded in multigenerational households. Nevertheless, public health research continues to focus on the nuclear family and overlook the role of grandmothers in adolescent socialization and the transfer of health information. This study compares family planning knowledge of adolescent girls in households with and without a resident grandmother. Two main types of family planning knowledge were assessed: (1) modern contraceptive knowledge and (2) healthy timing and spacing of pregnancy knowledge. Methods This study is a secondary data analysis of the 2017 Suaahara II cross-sectional survey in 16 of Nepal’s 77 districts. Family planning knowledge among 769 adolescent girls was assessed and compared between those living with a grandmother (n = 330) and those not living with a grandmother (n = 439). An analysis of the relationship between co-residence and family planning knowledge was carried out using multivariate logistic regression, adjusting for potential confounders and clustering. Additionally, we used the same method to analyze the association between grandmothers’ family planning knowledge and that of co-resident adolescents. Results The odds of correct adolescent modern family planning knowledge were 1.81 (95% CI = 1.27,2.58) times higher in households with a grandmother. The study also identified higher odds of adolescent knowledge of modern contraceptives in households where grandmothers also had correct knowledge (OR 2.00, 95%, CI = 0.97,4.11), although this association was not statistically significant at the 0.05 alpha level. There was insufficient evidence to support the association between grandmother’s co-residency and correct adolescent knowledge of the healthy timing and spacing of pregnancy. Conclusion This study provides support for expanding adolescent reproductive health to include the role of senior women in promoting and transmitting health care knowledge to younger women in the household.
A comprehensive but practical methodology for selecting biological indicators for long-term monitoring

The selection of the many biological indicators described in scientific literature is rarely based on systematic or clear-cut processes, and often takes into account only a single or very few taxa, or even disregards the complex interactions that exist between the components of biodiversity. In certain cases, the particular context of a site–for example in the Mediterranean Basin–makes it difficult to apply the choice of indicators to other regions proposed in the literature. Therefore, the selection of appropriate methodologies for generating relevant indicators for a particular site is of crucial importance. Here, we present a simple quantitative methodology capable of incorporating multidisciplinary information for assessing and selecting appropriate methods and indicators for monitoring local biodiversity. The methodology combines several ecological levels (species, habitats, processes, and ecosystem disturbances), and embraces biological interactions and common functional guilds (detritivores, producers, herbivores, and carnivores). We followed an iterative selection procedure consisting of five phases: 1) collection focal area useful information; 2) classification of this information into interrelated datasets; 3) assessment and selection of the relevant components using a quantitative relevance index; 4) the adding of taxonomic, physiognomic and functional similarities to the relevant components; and 5) the quantitative selection of the priority indicators in the study area. To demonstrate the potential of this methodology, we took as a case study the biodiversity components and their ecological interactions present in a protected area. We show that our methodology can help select appropriate local and long-term indicators, reduce the number of components required for thorough biodiversity monitoring, and underline the importance of ecological processes.
Cutaneous spindle cell tumors with features of peripheral nerve sheath tumors and concurrent cardiac involvement: neurofibromatosis type 1–like presentation in a Labrador Retriever dog

An 8-y-old intact male Labrador Retriever dog developed cutaneous masses over the entire body. On histologic evaluation, the masses were composed of bundles of fusiform neoplastic cells arranged around adnexa, with mild atypia and no mitoses, consistent with peripheral nerve sheath tumors (PNSTs). Immunohistochemically, neoplastic cells were immunoreactive for vimentin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and S100, confirming their perineurial origin. The dog was euthanized because of deteriorating clinical signs. In addition to the cutaneous masses, a cardiac mass was identified at postmortem examination. The histopathologic and immunohistochemical features of the cardiac mass were similar to those of the cutaneous masses. To our knowledge, the combination of multiple cutaneous masses with features of PNSTs and a concurrent cardiac lesion has not been reported previously in a dog. We suggest “neurofibromatosis type 1–like” presentation for this unique combination of cutaneous and cardiac masses. Further studies are required to investigate the etiopathogenesis of this condition and explore its genetic background.
Presence and function of Hbl B’, the fourth protein component encoded by the hbl operon in Bacillus cereus

ABSTRACT The genes hblC, hblD and hblA encode the components Hbl L2, L1 and B of the pore forming enterotoxin haemolysin BL of Bacillus cereus. Two variants of the operon existand the more common one additionally contains hblB downstream of hblCDA. Up to now, it was completely unclear whether the corresponding protein, Hbl B’, is widely expressed among B. cereus strains and if it has a distinct function. In the present study, it was shown that the hblB gene is indeed expressed and the Hbl B’ protein is secreted by nearly all analysed B. cereus strains. For the latter, a detection system was developed based on monoclonal antibody 11A5. Further, a distinct reduction of cytotoxic and haemolytic activity was observed when recombinant (r)Hbl B’ was applied simultaneously with L2, L1 and B. This effect was due to direct interaction of rHbl B’ with L1. D −6 B. cereusAltogether, we present the first simple tool for the detection of Hbl B’ in B. cereus culture supernatants. Moreover, an important regulatory function of Hbl B’ in the mechanism of Hbl was determined, which is best described as an additional control of complex formation, balancing the amounts of Hbl B-L1 complexes and the corresponding free subunits.
Obesity and exercise training alter inflammatory pathway skeletal muscle small extracellular vesicle microRNAs

What is the central question of this study? Is 1 week of exercise training sufficient to reduce local and systemic inflammation? Do obesity and short‐term concurrent aerobic and resistance exercise training alter skeletal muscle extracellular vesicle (EV) contents? What is the main finding and its importance? Obesity alters skeletal muscle small EV microRNAs targeting inflammatory and growth pathways. Exercise training alters skeletal muscle small EV microRNAs targeting inflammatory pathways, indicative of reduced inflammation. Our findings provide support for the hypotheses that EVs play a vital role in intercellular communication during health and disease and that EVs mediate many of the beneficial effects of exercise.
Correlation analysis between characteristics under gastroscope and image information of tongue in patients with chronic gastriti.

OBJECTIVE To explore the correlation between diagnostic information of tongue and gastroscopy results of patients with chronic gastritis. METHODS Frequent pattern growth (FP-Growth), SPSS Modeler was used to analyze the correlation rules between the image information of tongue parameters and the characteristics of the stomach and duodenum seen under gastroscopy. RESULTS Ranking in order of confidence: cyanotic tongue, slippery fur, yellow fur and spotted tongue were sequently associated with both gastric antrum mucosal hyperemia or edema and gastric antrum mucosal erythema/macula. L, one value of tongue coating color, which counted among (30, 60), tooth-marked tongue and b, one value of tongue coating color, which counted in the range of (5, 20) were sequently associated with gastric antrum mucosal erythema /macula. A, one value of tongue body color, which counted in the range of (0, 20), was related to both gastric antrum mucosal hyperemia or edema and gastric antrum mucosal erythema /macula. a, one value of tongue coating color, which counted in the range of (15, 35), was associated with gastric antrum mucosal erythema / macula. There are a total of 9 strong correlation rules. CONCLUSIONS Cyanotic tongue, slippery fur, yellow fur, the CIE Lab value of tongue coating, a, the value of tongue body color, spotted tongue, and tooth-marked tongue are all related to the gastric antrum mucosal hyperemia or edema and gastric antrum mucosal erythema / macula. The conditions of gastric mucosa could be predicted by the examination of the above related image information of tongue.
Evidence of cortical thickness increases in bilateral auditory brain structures following piano learning in older adults

Morphological differences in the auditory brain of musicians compared to nonmusicians are often associated with life‐long musical activity. Cross‐sectional studies, however, do not allow for any causal inferences, and most experimental studies testing music‐driven adaptations investigated children. Although the importance of the age at which musical training begins is widely recognized to impact neuroplasticity, there have been few longitudinal studies examining music‐related changes in the brains of older adults. Using magnetic resonance imaging, we measured cortical thickness (CT) of 12 auditory‐related regions of interest before and after 6 months of musical instruction in 134 healthy, right‐handed, normal‐hearing, musically‐naive older adults (64–76 years old). Prior to the study, all participants were randomly assigned to either piano training or to a musical culture/music listening group. In five regions—left Heschl's gyrus, left planum polare, bilateral superior temporal sulcus, and right Heschl's sulcus—we found an increase in CT in the piano training group compared with the musical culture group. Furthermore, CT of the right Heschl's gyrus could be identified as a morphological substrate supporting speech in noise perception. The results support the conclusion that playing an instrument is an effective stimulator for cortical plasticity, even in older adults.
The Effect of Altitude on Birthweight/Length Ratio: A Population-Based Study Over 36 Years in an Altitude Range from Sea Level to 1,700 m.

Klebermass-Schrehof Katrin, Thomas Waldhoer, and Lin Yang. The effect of altitude on birthweight/length ratio: a population-based study over 36 years in an altitude range from sea level to 1,700 m. High Alt Med Biol 00:000-000, 2022. Objective: The negative effect of altitude on fetal growth has been documented, but it is unknown whether this effect changes over time. We investigated the effect of altitude on infant birthweight/length ratio as well as its potential dependence on gestational age and year of birth in the range from sea level up to 1,700 m (Austria). Materials and Methods: Data on maternal characteristics, infant birthweights, and infant lengths were extracted from all Austrian birth certificates between 1984 and 2019. Results: A total of 2,240,439 birth certificates were identified and analyzed. The effect of altitude on birthweight/length ratio was -2.66 g/cm (95% confidence interval [CI]: -2.77 to -2. 54) per 1,000 m increased altitude in 1984-1986, which decreased to -1.96 g/cm (95% CI: -2.09 to -1.82) in 2017-2019. The effect of altitude on birthweight/length ratio remained constant for preterm infants, which fluctuated around -1.5 g/cm. For term infants, the negative effect of altitude on birthweight/length ratio attenuated from -3 to -1.9 g/cm over time with a stronger decrease for infants born between 41 and 42 compared with those between 37 and 40 weeks of gestation. Conclusion: In summary, our data demonstrate a strong effect of altitude on birthweight/length ratio over 36 years with a smaller effect in recent years and a stronger effect in infants born around term age compared with preterm infants.