Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Automated Staging of Diabetic Retinopathy Using Convolutional Support Vector Machine (CSVM) Based on Fundus Image Data

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a complication of diabetes mellitus, which attacks the eyes and often leads to blindness. The number of DR patients is significantly increasing because some people with diabetes are not aware that they have been affected by complications due to chronic diabetes. Some patients complain that the diagnostic process takes a long time and is expensive. So, it is necessary to do early detection automatically using Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD). The DR classification process based on these several classes has several steps: preprocessing and classification. Preprocessing consists of resizing and augmenting data, while in the classification process, CSVM method is used. The CSVM method is a combination of CNN and SVM methods so that the feature extraction and classification processes become a single unit. In the CSVM process, the first stage is extracting convolutional features using the existing architecture on CNN. CSVM could overcome the shortcomings of CNN in terms of training time. CSVM succeeded in accelerating the learning process and did not reduce the accuracy of CNN's results in 2 class, 3 class, and 5 class experiments. The best result achieved was at 2 class classification using CSVM with data augmentation which had an accuracy of 98.76% with a time of 8 seconds. On the contrary, CNN with data augmentation only obtained an accuracy of 86.15% with a time of 810 minutes 14 seconds. It can be concluded that CSVM was faster than CNN, and the accuracy obtained was also better to classify DR.
Effects of Lipophagy on Atherosclerosis

An excess build-up of lipids in the arterial wall might result into Atherosclerosis. Lipophagy is the autophagic degradation of lipids that regulates the lipid metabolism in various kinds of cells. Lipophagy replaces intracellular lipid which makes it vital for development and progression of atherosclerosis. This review focuses on advances in lipid metabolism through lipophagy. The role of lipophagy in vascular endothelial cell injury, macrophage lipid accumulation and vascular smooth muscle cells phenotypic shift has been explained by specifying the lipophagy– atherosclerosis relationship. Novel therapeutic choices can be discovered by understanding the significance of lipophagy in these processes which could be a breakthrough in treatment of atherosclerosis.
Improving the simulation of landfast ice by combining tensile strength and a parameterization for grounded ridges

In some coastal regions of the Arctic Ocean, grounded ice ridges contribute to stabilizing and maintaining a landfast ice cover. Recently, a grounding scheme representing this effect on sea ice dynamics was introduced and tested in a viscous-plastic sea ice model. This grounding scheme, based on a basal stress parameterization, improves the simulation of landfast ice in many regions such as in the East Siberian Sea, the Laptev Sea and along the coast of Alaska. Nevertheless, in some regions such as the Kara Sea, the area of landfast ice is systematically underestimated. This indicates that another mechanism such as ice arching is at play for maintaining the ice cover fast. To address this problem, the combination of the basal stress parameterization and tensile strength is investigated using a 0.25° pan-Arctic CICE-NEMO configuration. Both uniaxial and isotropic tensile strengths notably improve the simulation of landfast ice in the Kara Sea but also in the Laptev Sea. However, the simulated landfast ice season for the Kara Sea is too short compared to observations. This is especially obvious for the onset of the landfast ice season which systematically occurs later in the model and with a slower build up. This suggests that improvements to the sea ice thermodynamics could reduce these discrepancies with the data. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Ridge asymmetry and deep aqueous alteration at the trench observed from Rayleigh wave tomography of the Juan de Fuca plate

Using Rayleigh wave tomography of noise‐removed ocean bottom seismometer data from the Cascadia Initiative, we illuminate the structure of the upper mantle beneath the Juan de Fuca plate. Beneath the Juan de Fuca ridge, there is strong asymmetry, with a pronounced low‐velocity zone in the 25–65 km depth range. Extending to the west from the spreading axis, this anomaly has velocities low enough to indicate the presence of melt. The asymmetry in velocity structure and the much greater abundance of seamounts on the west flank of the ridge suggest that dynamic, buoyant upwelling is important, perhaps triggered by thermal or compositional anomalies beneath Axial Seamount. In contrast, there is no evidence for asymmetry in the axial zone or lower than expected velocities beneath the Gorda ridge. On the eastern flank of the Juan de Fuca ridge, the shear velocity in the 25–65 depth range is higher than expected; the lithosphere appears to be colder and thicker than predicted by standard plate cooling models, perhaps caused by the downwelling counterpart of the upwelling on the west side of the ridge. Close to the trench, there is a sharp decrease in shear velocity. We interpret this as aqueous alteration caused by hydrothermal circulation through deep normal faults associated with bending of the plate. Beneath the Astoria and Nitinat fans, where abyssal plain sediment is thickest, the velocity decrease is much smaller, which is consistent with a thick sediment cap that prevents hydrothermal alteration of the plate.
Carbon and nutrient fluxes in the North Atlantic

This study presents underway pCO2 data of a whole seasonal cycle in the North Atlantic between 40°N and 55°N. The data are compared to a historical dataset and the CO2 fluxes between atmosphere and ocean are calculated. The driving forces of the seawater pCO2 (temperature, biology, gas exchange, advection and convection) are quantified and nutrient concentration in the mixed layer of the North Atlantic are estimated. Furthermore a combined dataset of surface measurements of CO2 and N2O are used to estimate biological production rates in the Mauritanian upwelling region off Northwest Africa.
A review of the records of the Sand boa (Eryx jaculus) in Romania

An account of the records of the Sand boa (Eryx jaculus) in Romania is presented, together with a review of the relevant literature. Preserved specimens in the collection of the “Grigore Antipa” National Museum of Natural History, in Bucarest (MGAB) and Museum of the Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (IZH) are listed. The distribution of Eryx jaculus and its conservation status in Romania is discussed. regenerated during ten months in captivity (newt larvae normally show considerable regenerative powers). The black spotting had increased on the head, flanks and tail, but the animal had shown no signs of transformation into the normal postmetamorphic form. The extent of further development of dark pigmentation remains to be seen. Smith (1950) observed that pale neotenous specimens (either Smooth or Palmate newts) were small, whereas adult sized neotenous animals were normally coloured, which is consistent with increasing pigmentation as individuals grow. Whether this animal attains sexual maturity in its current form – hence becoming fully neotenous – also remains to be seen.
Assessment of Climate and Environment Changes in China (I): Climate and environment changes in China and their projection

In recent 100 years, the global climate and environment have greatly changed, with the global warming as its main feature. These changes have exerted significant impacts on the climate and environment changes in China. More than 100 Chinese scientists in areas of climate change, environment, ecology, oceanography, economics and social sciences have assessed the climate and environment changes in China and their impact on natural ecosystem and socioeconomic sectors. On the basis of scientific assessment, response strategy to the adaptation and mitigation of climate change has been put forward. The present paper is the first part of this scientific assessment report, mainly dealing with the climate and environment changes. And the future projections of climate change have been provided.
Description of ecological subregions: sections of the conterminous United States

Preliminary descriptions are presented for the 190 section ecological units delineated on the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service 2007 map “Ecological Subregions: Sections and Subsections of the Conterminous United States. ” Brief descriptions of the section map units provide an abstract primarily of the climate, physiography, and geologic substrate that combine to form ecosystems with distinctive vegetation and other unique ecological characteristics. Many descriptions are illustrated with a photograph of the landform and vegetation found in the section. Compilers All compilers are affiliated with the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service. W. Henry McNab is research forester, Southern Research Station, Asheville, NC; David T. Cleland is landscape ecologist, Eastern Regional Office; Rhinelander, WI; Jerry A. Freeouf is regional soil scientist, Rocky Mountain Regional Office, Lakewood, CO; James E. Keys, Jr. is National Coordinator for Integrated Surveys, Washington Office, Washington, DC; Gregory J. Nowacki is regional ecologist, Eastern Regional Office, Milwaukee, WI; and Constance A. Carpenter is sustainable forests coordinator, Northeastern Area, State & Private Forestry, Durham, NH. Citation McNab, W.H. ; Cleland, D.T. ; Freeouf, J.A. ; Keys, Jr., J.E. ; Nowacki, G.J.; Carpenter, C.A. , comps. 2007. Description of ecological subregions: sections of the conterminous United States [CD-ROM]. Gen. Tech. Report WO-76B. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 80 p. Back Cover Selected mammals that inhabit one or more section map units and influence ecological processes therein. (Photos: National Park Service and USDA Forest Service.)
Simulation based Comparative Review on a Metasurface based Perfect Absorber

In this paper, the different research papers are studied and comparatively analyzed to carry out the simulation based survey of various proposals for improvement to design Metarsurface based Perfect Absorber for GHz and THz frequency band for RF Energy Harvesting applications. Using a structure that can effectively absorb the most radiation is one of the biggest obstacles in reducing the impact of EM wave radiation. A perfect absorber may be created using variety of structures and materials with various specifications. Various structures are designed and simulated by different authors in variety of simulation softwares using useful parameters. Three distinct structures have been created, two of which were created using CST Microwave Studio and the third using HFFS for comparative study. A perfect absorber can be constructed for GHz and THz for dual band and multiband since the operating frequency range and band are not limited.
On the Cretaceous mangroves of Bahariya Oasis, Egypt

Petrified stems (rhizomes) of a fern are described from Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) beds in Bahariya Oasis. The discovered stems are related to Paradoxopteris stromeri Hirmer (fern rachii) and to Weichselia reticulata Stokes & Webb. (fern pinnae); both already known from also Cenomanian beds of this Oasis. Haloed axes are described from Late Cretaceous (Campanian) beds, i.e. younger than the beds containing the petrified stems. Comments on the nature of these axes, the affinities of the stems and the palaeoenvironments of the area in the two mentioned geologic ages (Cenomanian & Campanian) are given.
Chi Phat: An exemplar of a successful community based tourism destination in Cambodia

Community based tourism (CBT) has been one the driving forces of the growth of tourism in Cambodia. Even though tourism scholars recognise the importance of the subject, community success in Cambodia remains a relatively under researched topic in the field. One of the exemplars of success, is Chi Phat, the community based tourism destination in the southwestern part of Cambodia. But why? This thesis sets out to explore the factors of Chi Phat’s success through the voices of stakeholders in order to determine if the success could be replicated by other tourism communities. By understanding how different stakeholder groups construct an understanding of success, a contribution is made in how we manage stakeholders through understanding that success. The study deployed a qualitative research methodology based upon the following objectives. First, to review the literature on CBT in order to evaluate factors of success. Second, to determine how different stakeholders perceive intrinsic or extrinsic factors of success for the Chi Phat CBT destination. Third, to develop a conceptual framework of community based tourism important factors of success. Twenty members of stakeholders including those from the community, local and national authority, NGOs and the private sector involved in Chi Phat had been contacted for an interview by using the semi-structured interview approach. The contribution of the thesis is to be able to make recommendations for future community based tourism projects by using Chi Phat as an exemplar and that the success of Chi Phat can be replicated by other emerging CBT projects. The findings suggested that both intrinsic and extrinsic factors are extremely important to the development of the CBT. Even though stakeholders agreed on most of the factors, for instance, the collaboration and partnership, some factors were also perceived differently. However, those perceived factors contribute immensely on the success of Chi Phat.
Analisis Interaksi Aktivitas Pembelajaran Daring Berdasarkan Data Log Aktivitas pada Learning Managemefnt System (LMS) Menggunakan Educational Process Mining

Perpaduan perkembangan teknologi di bidang pendidikan telah mengembangkan suatu inovasi yang disebut LMS (Learning Management System) yang dapat diakses dari mana saja dan kapan saja tanpa harus melakukan pertemuan secara fisik di kelas. Kegiatan interaksi pada LMS memiliki event log yang dapat diekstraksi untuk mengidentifikasi analisis menggunakan Educational Process Mining (EPM). Kami mengekstrak event log dari ELING, platform LMS yang disediakan oleh fakultas kami. Selanjutnya, kami melakukan Process Mining menggunakan metode Heuristic Miner dari tiga dosen kelas mata kuliah Data Warehouse yang berbeda. Analisis yang dilakukan yaitu melihat gambaran kegiatan pembelajaran yang diberikan oleh masing-masing dosen dan pendekatannya dalam mengarahkan mahasiswa untuk berinteraksi dengan modul materi pada ELING apakah sesuai urutan dalam Rencana Pembelajaran Semester (RPS). Kami memvariasikan dependency threshold untuk mengidentifikasi modul pembelajaran mana yang memiliki tingkat ketergantungan yang lebih tinggi antar event yang menjadi inti pembelajaran mata kuliah tersebut. Pada dependency threshold 0,6, jumlah kegiatan dari model yang ditemukan untuk semua dosen adalah 21. Sementara pada threshold 0,8, jumlah kegiatan bervariasi antara 12 dan 20. Dengan variasi dependency threshold ini juga akan mengidentifikasi modul mana yang tetap muncul yang berhubungan dengan bentuk model aktivitas pembelajaran dan apakah model yang dihasilkan sesuai dengan urutan RPS. Abstract The combination of technological developments in the field of education has developed an innovation called LMS (Learning Management System) that can be accessed from anywhere and anytime without having to conduct physical meetings in class. Interaction activities in the LMS have event logs that can be extracted to identify analysis using Educational Process Mining (EPM). We extract event logs from ELING, an LMS platform provided by our faculty. Next, we conducted Process Mining using the Heuristic Miner method from three different Data Warehouse course class lecturers. The analysis carried out is to see an overview of the learning activities provided by each lecturer and their approach in directing students to interact with the material modules on ELING whether in the order in the Semester Learning Plan (RPS). We vary the dependency threshold to identify which learning modules have a higher level of dependency between events that are at the core of the course's learning. At a dependency threshold of 0.6, the number of activities from the model found for all lecturers was 21. While at the threshold of 0.8, the number of activities varies between 12 and 20. With dependency threshold variations, it will also identify which modules still appear that relate to the shape of the learning activity model and whether the resulting model matches the RPS sequence.
Geographical Origin and Solvent Type Impact on Inula Viscosa (L.) Aiton Grown in El Menzel, Morocco – Insights into Bioactivity and Applications

Geographical origin and environmental factors have a significant impact on the constituents and the biological properties of medicinal and aromatic plants. Herein, the Inula viscosa plant grown in El Menzel – Morocco were investigated with a focus on the impact of geographical province and solvent type on the mass yield and the bio - logical activities of plant extracts. Chemical composition was characterized by gas chromatography/mass spec - trometry (GC/MS). Antimicrobial activity was determined using the disk diffusion method and the microdilution test against eight clinical fungal, Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial isolates. The chemical composition results showed that the plant has good nutritional quality in terms of protein, carbohydrates, lipids and dietary fiber. In fact, alkaloids and saponisides are the most predominant chemical compounds in Inula vuscosa . Meanwhile, eighty volatile compounds were identified, representing 95% of the total essential oil content, the main component of which is tetra-pentacontane (11.26%). Furthermore, results showed high antioxidant activity, with efficacy increasing in the order: essential oil > chloroform extract > ethereal extract > ethanolic extract. In addition, both chloroformic extract and essential oil demonstrated significant antibacterial activity against all strains tested. This study highlights the influence of geographical variations and extraction solvents on the bioactivity of Inula viscosa , offering insights into its potential applications in pharmacology and nutraceuticals
Rancang Bangun Alat Monitoring Stamina Atlet Basket Menggunakan Mikrokontroler Berbasis Internet Of Things

In this study discussed the importance of regulating stamina and heartbeat in basketball athletes, this device was designed to reduce the risk of fatalities in players to the end of death. To see the performance of the tool can be seen from some indicators about the stamina monitoring tool that can help to enhance the potential of players in preparing for the upcoming game, as well as can help the coach design the game strategy. The aim of this study is to look at the success of stamina monitoring devices designed for coaches, basketball athletes, and medical teams. The research methods used in this research are by collecting data through books and other literature, performing hardware design to explain schematic processes on tools as well as streams, and performing software design to describe schematical processes as tool commands. Based on the highest elevation data obtained to see the detected heart rate is at 60 and the lowest figure is at 44. It is expected that the subjects will be able to apply methods of exercise that can improve the stamina of basketball athletes.
Effects of Contrast Training with Two Sessions Weekly Frequency on Physical Fitness of University-Level Male Soccer Players

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of a six-week contrast training intervention conducted twice per week during the preparatory period on the measures of physical fitness in university-level male soccer players. Materials and methods. Sixteen players were selected as participants and randomly assigned to an experimental group or an active control group. Data were collected at baseline and after a six-week training intervention period for 15 m and 30 m linear sprint, medicine ball throw (MBT), standing long jump (SLJ), countermovement jump (CMJ), change of direction speed (CODS), peak torque (both legs) during extension and flexion, and running-based anaerobic sprint test (RAST). Results. The analysis revealed reported significant small to very-large magnitude within-group improvement in all the dependent variables for the experimental group (p<0.001–0.028) but not for the control group (p=0.066–1.000). Further, the analysis of covariance with the pre-test scores as covariates revealed significant differences at post-intervention assessments for all the dependent variables, favoring the contrast training group (p<0.001–0.05). Conclusions. A six-week contrast training intervention with two weekly sessions during the preparatory period may be sufficient to induce small improvement in the 30 m linear sprint and isokinetic strength of both legs, moderate improvement in the 15 m linear sprint, and MBT, large improvements in SLJ, RAST, and a very large improvement in vertical jump (CMJ) and CODS.
Enhancing MNC Performance in Emerging Nations: An Integrated Model of Training and Development, Role Clarity, Motivation and Leadership

Organizations consider employee role clarity and training & development to be the primary causes of discontentment, which ultimately results in a decline in intrinsic motivation and individual work performance. This study focuses on telecom workers employed by various organizations in Pakistan's Federal Capital Territory (FCT) Islamabad and Rawalpindi. The study aimed to inspect the influence of role clarity and training & development on work performance and intrinsic motivation as well as the impact of intrinsic motivation on work performance. Secondly, to identify the mediation effect of intrinsic motivation on the relationship of role clarity and training & development with work performance and to measure the moderation influence of transformational leadership on the association of role clarity and intrinsic motivation. A sample of 446 respondents revealed that role clarity and training & development have a considerable positive influence on intrinsic motivation and work performance. Moreover, intrinsic motivation also has a significant positive effect on work performance, and intrinsic motivation mediates the relationship between role clarity and training & development with work performance respectively. Finally, transformational leadership moderates and strengthens the association between role clarity and intrinsic motivation. Organizations must prioritize the emphasis placed on the intrinsic motivation of employees. This strategic approach is essential to effectively utilize the entire effort, hence enhancing overall performance.