Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The impact of economic growth, inflation and unemployment on subjective financial satisfaction: A New global evidence

Abstract Using the happiness survey data, a robust body of literature has supported that people’s subjective well-being is related to economic growth, employment, and inflation. Motivated by “Happiness Economics,” this paper focuses on financial satisfaction, a proxy of subjective well-being. It examines the relationship between people’s financial satisfaction and nations’ macroeconomic performances. We use the World Values Survey and inflation, unemployment, and economic growth data collected from 2010–2014 to 2017–2022. We use the ordered probit and ordinary least squares regressions for the analysis. The findings show that financial satisfaction has a negative relationship with inflation and unemployment and a positive relationship with economic growth. Heterogeneity checks indicate that the association’s strength and statistical significance vary by gender, age, household income, marital status, educational attainment level, and employment status. The overall results suggest policymakers should strive to mitigate the economic vulnerability of women, older adults, low-income earners, low-educated, those who are not married but live together, and those who are not in the labor force to maximize the financial satisfaction of individuals and thus promote subjective well-being of them.
Landslide susceptibility mapping through enhanced dynamic slope stability analysis using earth observing satellite measurements

Landslides are common throughout the world and can be triggered by earthquakes, volcanoes, floods, and heavy continuous rainfall in mountainous regions. For most types of slope failure, soil moisture plays a critical role because increased pore water pressure reduces the soil strength and increases stress. The combined effect of soil moisture in unsaturated soil layers and pore water pressure in saturated soil layers is critical to accurately predict landslides. However, dynamic in-situ soil moisture profiles are rarely measured on regional or global scales. The dynamic soil moisture can be estimated by a soil vegetation atmosphere transfer (SVAT) model or satellite. While a SVAT model can estimate soil moisture profile, satellite estimates are limited to the upper thin surface (0-5 cm). However, considering the complex database needed for a SVAT model, satellite data can be obtained quickly and may produce promising results in less data-rich regions at the global scale. While no previous landslide studies have used remotely-sensed soil moisture data, Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (AMSR-E) has the potential to be useful in characterizing soil moisture profiles. First this study investigated relationships among landslides, AMSR-E soil moisture and Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) in landslide prone regions of California, U.S., Leyte, Philippines and Dhading, Nepal. Then, a modified infinite slope stability model was developed and applied at Cleveland Corral, California, US and Dhading Nepal, using variable infiltration capacity (VIC-3L) soil moisture and AMSR-E soil moisture to develop dynamic landslide susceptibility maps at regional scale. Results show a strong relationship among remotely sensed soil moisture, rainfall and landslide events. Results also show a modified infinite slope stability model that directly includes vadose zone soil moisture can produce promising landslide susceptibility maps at regional scale using either VIC-3L or AMSR-E soil moisture. Vadose zone soil moisture has a significant role in shallow slope failure. Results show promising agreement between the susceptible area predicted by the model and the actual slope movements and slope failures observed in the study region. This model is quite reasonable to use in shallow slope stability analysis at a regional or global scale.
Racial Disparities Among Predicted Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Risk Outcomes in Premature Infants Born <30 Weeks Gestation

Background and Objective: There is extensive literature to support eliminating race-based risk stratification. The National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) calculator, used to predict risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), includes race as a variable. We sought to investigate how utilizing race in determination of risk for BPD may lead to inequitable care. Methods: The study included a retrospective cohort of infants born <30 weeks gestation between January 2016 and February 2022. The primary outcome was the difference in predictive risk of BPD for non-Hispanic Black compared to non-Hispanic White infants. The secondary outcome was the disparity in theoretical administration of post-natal corticosteroids when the calculator was applied to the cohort. Analysis included paired T-tests and Chi-Square. Results: Of the 273 infants studied, 154 were non-Hispanic Black (56%). There was no difference between the groups in gestation or respiratory support on day of life (DOL) 14 or 28. The predicted risk of moderate or severe BPD in non-Hispanic White babies was greater than non-Hispanic Black babies on both DOL 14 and 28 (p<0.01). When applied retrospectively to the cohort, the calculator resulted in differences in corticosteroid administration (risk >40%—non-Hispanic White 51.3% vs. non-Hispanic Black 35.7%, p=0.010; risk >50%—non-Hispanic White 42.9% vs. non-Hispanic Black 29.9%, p=0.026). Conclusion: When applied to our study cohort, the calculator resulted in a reduction in the predicted risk of BPD in non-Hispanic Black infants. If utilized to guide treatment, the calculator can potentially lead to disparities in care for non-Hispanic Black infants.
Аминокислоты бересты Betula pendula и Betula pubescens

The objects of research were samples of birch bark of weeping birch and white birches, collected from various points of planting area of and from the different sites of trunk located at different height. Availability of 14 amino acids is established. The structure of components of amino acids in samples of birch bark of weeping birch and white birches is identical within one area of preparation and differs from regions of Russia. The content of amino acids of weeping and white birches depending on a place of growth in samples of weeping and white birches ranges from 2,0 to 3,5%. It is established that the age of a plant has no impact on the content of amino acids in birch bark.
Association of Gestational Hypertension with Sociodemographic and Anthropometric Factors, Perinatal Outcomes, Breastfeeding Practices, and Mediterranean Diet Adherence: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background and Objectives: Gestational hypertension has been associated with several pregnancy short-term and long-term complications, affecting both the mother and her infant’s health. The present study aims to assess the potential association of gestational hypertension with sociodemographic and anthropometry factors, perinatal outcomes, breastfeeding habits, and Mediterranean diet (MD) compliance. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted on 5271 mothers that was carried out after delivery. The anthropometry characteristics and perinatal outcomes were retrieved from the mothers’ medical records. Sociodemographic characteristics, MD adherence, and breastfeeding habits were assessed via one-to-one interviews of the assigned women with qualified staff. Results: Maternal older age, being employed, family history of gestational hypertension, overweight/obesity before gestation, and abnormal gestational weight gain (GWG) independently increased the risk of developing gestational hypertension. Moreover, gestational hypertension was independently related with a greater incidence of abnormal childbirth body weight and preterm birth, not exclusively breastfeeding, and lower levels of MD adherence. Conclusions: This study highlights the importance of informing future mothers about the risk factors of gestational hypertension, underlining also that a healthy lifestyle, which simultaneously includes a healthy nutritional pattern such as MD, may decrease the risk of developing gestational hypertension and the subsequent pregnancy complications.
Smartphone Usage Patterns Among Postgraduate Medical Students: A Central India Perspective on Adaptive Learning in Medicine

Introduction Technological developments are drawn on a path of continuous inventions. Smartphones have been used in educational activities to access course content, acquire information related to students' performance, and encourage discussion and sharing between students and teachers. Students as learners are the drivers of using new technology for their learning needs, and this is always evolving. Aim The aim of the study is to assess the usage of smartphones for academic learning among postgraduate medical students in a teaching institute in Central India. Materials and methods This cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was conducted on 130 postgraduate medical students for a period of four months from 1 January 2022 to 30 April 2022. Results The mean age of the study subjects was 28.34 ± 3.22 years with the range being 23 to 44 years. Smartphones had a significant impact on the academic learning of postgraduate medical students. The major impacts of smartphones on academic learning were in the form of improved learning skills (60.91%), timely completion of assignments (40%), increased participation in discussions (34.55%), enhanced academic performance (33.64%), and development of critical and innovative thinking (29.09%). Conclusion A significant proportion of medical postgraduates are utilizing smartphones and social media for academic purposes. Although this new technology offers the potential to enhance learning and patient care, it has some inherent problems associated with its use. However, it may go a long way in redefining how we manage information in medicine.
Dual Noise Elimination and Dynamic Label Correlation Guided Partial Multi-Label Learning

Partial multi-label learning (PML) needs to address the problem of multi-label learning when the dataset contains redundant information. PML is more challenging compared to traditional multi-label learning, because PML needs not only to perform the multi classification task, but also to reduce the impact of noise information on the model. Existing PML methods suffer from the following problems. (1) Only single source of noise is considered. (2) Some methods ignore the label correlations. To solve the above problems, we proposes a new dual noise elimination and dynamic label correlation guided partial multi-label learning (PML-DNDC). Specifically, the hidden ground-truth label matrix is decomposed into two compressed matrices of instance and classifier, which are used to approximate the candidate label matrix, to eliminate the negative effects of label noise on the model. On one hand, the compressed instance matrix maintains local structural consistency with the original instances, eliminating noise in the feature. On the other hand, dynamic label correlation guidance is designed to help classifier training by dynamically exploring the potential label correlations, which encourages relevant labels to obtain similar classifiers. After extensive experiments and analyses, we conclude that the proposed PML-DNDC is superior to the state-of-the-art methods.
Towards a theoretical framework of intercultural communication ethics in the Arab Gulf culture The perspectives of global public relations practitioners in Bahrain

This research investigates the perspectives of global public relations practitioners in the governmental sector in Bahrain. Sixteen qualitative interviews were conducted to provide in-depth theoretical understanding of the intercultural communication ethics in the Arab Gulf. The researcher used the theoretical framework of Hofstede (1984; 1994) to analyze the data. The research reveals that an Arab framework of intercultural communication ethics should address the society’s dilemma between modernization and Arabic/Islamic traditional values. The research provides a proposed framework that consists of “revealed” and “avoided” processes of communication. This framework is based on Arabic relational values of openness, awareness of diversity, power hierarchy, loyalty to collective culture, motivation to achieve individual goals, respect to woman and motivation to develop uncertainty-avoidance strategies.
Toxicological Profile and Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Mucoadhesive Gel from Residues of Agave sisalana and Punica granatum

Inflammation is a natural protective reaction of the body against endogenous and exogenous damage, such as tissue injuries, trauma, and infections. Thus, when the response is adequate, inflammation becomes a defense mechanism to repair damaged tissue, whereas when the response is inadequate and persistent, the increase in inflammatory cells, cytosines, and chymosins impair tissue regeneration and promote a response harmful to the organism. One example is chronic tissue inflammation, in which a simple lesion can progress to ulcers and even necrosis. In this situation, the anti-inflammatory medications available in therapy are not always effective. For this reason, the search for new treatments, developed from medicinal plants, has increased. In this direction, the plants Agave sisalana (sisal) and Punica granatum (pomegranate) are rich in saponins, which are secondary metabolites known for their therapeutic properties, including anti-inflammatory effects. Although Brazil is the world’s leading sisal producer, approximately 95% of the leaves are discarded after fiber extraction. Similarly, pomegranate peel waste is abundant in Brazil. To address the need for safe and effective anti-inflammatory treatments, this study aimed to create a topical mucoadhesive gel containing a combination of sisal (RS) and pomegranate residue (PR) extracts. In vitro experiments examined isolated and combined extracts, as well as the resulting formulation, focusing on (1) a phytochemical analysis (total saponin content); (2) cytotoxicity (MTT assay); and (3) a pharmacological assessment of anti-inflammatory activity (phagocytosis, macrophage spreading, and membrane stability). The results revealed saponin concentrations in grams per 100 g of dry extract as follows: SR—29.91 ± 0.33, PR—15.83 ± 0.93, association (A)—22.99 ± 0.01, base gel (G1)—0.00 ± 0.00, and association gel (G2)—0.52 ± 0.05. In MTT tests for isolated extracts, cytotoxicity values (µg/mL) were 3757.00 for SR and 2064.91 for PR. Conversely, A and G2 exhibited no cytotoxicity, with increased cell viability over time. All three anti-inflammatory tests confirmed the presence of this activity in SR, PR, and A. Notably, G2 demonstrated an anti-inflammatory effect comparable to dexamethasone. In conclusion, the gel containing SR and PR (i.e., A) holds promise as a novel herbal anti-inflammatory treatment. Its development could yield economic, social, and environmental benefits by utilizing discarded materials in Brazil.
Estimating Fish Abundance and Community Composition on Rocky Habitats in the San Juan Islands Using a Small Remotely Operated Vehicle

Estimating the abundance of marine fishes living in association with rocky habitats has been a longstanding problem because traditional net surveys are compromised by the nature of the seafloor and direct visual methods, such as scuba or submersibles, are limited or costly. In this study we used a small ROV to survey rocky habitats in the San Juan Islands (SJI) of Washington State to estimate the abundance of rockfishes (Sebastes spp), greenlings (Hexagrammidae), and other northeastern Pacific marine fishes living in nearshore, rocky habitats. The sampling frame was generated by multibeam echosounding surveys (MBES) and geological interpretation and by using charts of known rocky habitats where MBES data were not available. The survey was a stratified-random design with depths less than, or greater than, 36.6 m (120 ft) as the two depth strata. The ROV was deployed from a 12 m survey vessel fitted with an ultra-short baseline tracking system and a clump weight tethered to the ROV during most transects. Twenty-seven sampling days were expended between 29 September and 26 November 2008, during which 207 transects were conducted at depths ranging between 0 (surface) and 234 m. Transect distances were determined via the georeferenced tracking system and widths were determined by using two parallel, forward-facing lasers mounted on the ROV to measure the field of view. Densities were determined for each transect by dividing the number of individuals counted during video review by the transect area. Seafloor and biological features were evaluated throughout each transect and used to identify habitat patches that were subsequently related to mapping precision and fish occurrence. Abundance estimates were made by averaging the species densities among transects and multiplying the mean by the area of the stratum. Coefficients of variation were calculated as the percentage of the square root of the population variance divided by the population estimate.
Applicability of HYDRUS to predict soil moisture and temperature in vadose zone of arable land under monsoonal climate region, Tokyo

In order to project effects of future climate change on the vadose zone, performance of HYDRUS ver 4.09 model, which had been mostly applied to dry regions (e.g. Saito et al. 2006), was tested for a monsoonal climate. We conducted analysis of simultaneous liquid water, vapor and heat transport across the border between atmosphere and vadose zone, and prediction of annual change in soil moisture and temperature of arable land in Tokyo. Besides, we monitored soil temperature and soil moisture and made a dataset for model validation. In the simulation, soil hydraulic and thermal parameters were obtained by laboratory experiments. Meteorological data being open to the public had been used for input data for boundary condition. The simulation in general represented the monitored data well. The HYDRUS model could be considered appropriate proper and reasonable for the future use in the monsoonal climate region.
ANALISIS KUALITAS LAYANAN ANGKUTAN UMUM PENUMPANG (MINIBUS) KOTA DENPASAR BERDASARKAN PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT DENGAN METODE CONFIRMATORY FACTOR ANALYSIS

Public transportation in the city of Denpasar reached its peak in the 1990s with the latest fleet being minibus-type public passenger cars with a capacity of 8-10 people. Along with the pace of motorization and ease of buying cars and motorbikes, there can be an increase in private vehicle ownership in the community. The interest of the people in Denpasar City's use of public transportation has decreased significantly. The community can finally feel and have perceptions about the difference between the advantages of using private vehicles and the quality of public transportation services. The purpose of this study was to explore public perceptions of the quality of public transport services, by distributing 400 questionnaires in all sub-districts of Denpasar City. Data on respondents' perceptions were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). Based on the results of the analysis, there are seven indicators that shape people's perceptions of the quality of public transport, namely: small fleet availability, long waiting and travel times, less convenience, irregular time headway, low frequency of arrivals, and accessibility. The reduced availability of public transport is caused by long waiting times and low frequency of arrivals. Low accessibility due to long travel time. Thus, the quality of services like this in the community makes the use of public transportation in the city of Denpasar decreased.
Regeneration Ecology and Population Dynamics of Dicorynia guianensis(Caesalpiniaceae)in a French Guiana Rainforest

Dicorynia guianensis (vernacular name Angelique) is a large canopy tree of the Guiana shield rainforest and the first timber species exploited in French Guiana. Sustainable management of this resource must ensure the recovery of an exploitable stock in the long term and thus, needs to assess the ecological determinants of the species population dynamics. The body of work reported here compiles several original studies investigating seed ecology and early regeneration demography in D. guianensis conducted at the Paracou field station, French Guiana in both natural and logged forest conditions. Ecological knowledge of D. guianensis regeneration was summarized in a process-based model of recruitment from seed parameterized with field data and implementing the variability of establishment, growth and mortality processes. This model runs now a spatially explicit simulator of the dynamics of D. guianensis populations selectively logged for timber in French Guiana.
Dispossessing H2O: the contested terrain of water privatization

This paper considers how tactics of “accumulation by dispossession” have become pivotal strategies in contemporary global accumulation dynamics. This will be assessed in the context of the recent waves of privatization and de-collectivization of water – in particular, urban water – resources around the world. In the first part of the paper, the current wave of neoliberal privatization policies is contextualized historically and politically. In a subsequent part, the central and contradictory role of the State or state-like institutions, in their Faustian pact with hegemonic neoliberal strategies of dispossession, will be detailed. This, in turn, will lead us to a consideration of the continuing centrality of “governing” institutions in the organization and regulation of the water sector, and to a discussion of the weakened position of the citizen vis-à-vis these new modes of water governance. Finally, the contradictions of water privatization will be explored in conjunction with the mounting voices of protest and discontent that challenge the received wisdom that market forces provide the socially optimal access to – and allocation or distribution of – water. While portrayed by the pundits of neoliberalism as the panacea for all manner of social, economic, and environmental ills, we shall consider the radically contested and contestable nature of such strategies of dispossession. These sprawling forms of social resistance and the checkered success of recent privatization programs suggest that intensifying social struggle points to the possibilities of transforming the “Stalinism of the market” and may open the path for more progressive socio-environmental politics.