Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Image reconstruction algorithm based on variable atomic number matching pursuit

As the most critical part of compressive sensing theory, reconstruction algorithm has an impact on the quality and speed of image reconstruction. After studying some existing convex optimization algorithms and greedy algorithms, we find that convex optimization algorithms should possess higher complexity to achieve higher reconstruction quality. Also, fixed atomic numbers used in most greedy algorithms increase the complexity of reconstruction. In this context, we propose a novel algorithm, called variable atomic number matching pursuit, which can improve the accuracy and speed of reconstruction. Simulation results show that variable atomic number matching pursuit is a fast and stable reconstruction algorithm and better than the other reconstruction algorithms under the same conditions.
Randomness in proof complexity

This thesis focuses on the topic of propositional proof complexity, which is an area of study with deep connections to both mathematical logic and complexity theory. Three common propositional proof systems (or subsystems thereof) are considered: Resolution, bounded-depth Frege and Cutting Planes. Two uses of randomness for achieving lower bounds on these systems are explored, namely, using randomly generated tautologies as inputs to the proof systems, and using random restrictions to reason about the complexity of proofs of these tautologies. In particular, there are three main results. The first is an almost-complete characterization, in terms of relative size-complexity, of the six most popular refinements of Resolution. These refinements are important, both practically and theoretically, for automated theorem proving. The second main result represents substantial progress towards our understanding of the most fundamental tautology in proof complexity: the pigeonhole principle. The pigeonhole principle with parameters m and n states that m pigeons cannot be placed in n holes without collisions whenever m > n. As m gets bigger relative to n, the statement gets weaker and therefore easier to prove. We show that this tautology requires superpolynomial-size proofs in bounded-depth Frege whenever m is at most (1 + 1/polylog n) times n. The third main result analyzes cutting planes procedures, which are used primarily in combinatorial optimization, as propositional proof systems. It is shown that many rounds of the procedures due to Gomory and Chvatal and to Lovasz and Schrijver are required to prove the unsatisfiability of many CNF formulas, including random kCNFs and the (negation of the) Tseitin Tautologies. It follows that many rounds of these procedures are required to well-approximate the optimization problem MAXSAT.
Pelas terras de cabra machos, quando viados saltam, algo desmorona

Esse trabalho segue os enfrentamentos de meu corpo dissidente, quando faz um retorno ao sertão paraibano. Como direção metodológica, tomamos os biografemas, a escrevivência e as fabulações como modos de produzir fricções no “cistema” para uma clínica sertaneja, solidariamente hacker e desobediente, saltos de androgenias de combate. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Dissidências. Escrevivências. Clínica Sertaneja.
Unlocking Flexible Electric Vehicle Charging via New Rate Design

ABSTRACT A high penetration of electric vehicles (EVs) will deeply impact the management of electric power systems. The risk of not providing adapted EV pricing signals can lead to inefficient investments in grid infrastructure. To avoid costly grid reinforcements and to ensure proper guidance for EV charging, a solution allowing customers to access EV-only rates without installing a separate meter, which we refer to as submetering, is an attractive option for EV owners and grid operators. We develop a game-theoretical model expressed and treated as a mathematical program with equilibrium constraints (MPEC) to capture the interaction between a national regulatory authority (NRA) designing these tariffs and heterogeneous agents. This framework represents a stylized regulatory setup applicable to several European countries. First, we analyse the conditions in which EV-only tariffs can be applied for domestic charging by comparing different energy profiles. Second, we study the impact of EV charging on different tariff structures to identify the most efficient way of recovering network costs. We found that the adoption of submetering under a pure volumetric tariff can bring yearly gains varying from $64 to $125 to consumers with EV. Finally, we derive policy implications from the results.
Multidimensional Frailty and Traumatic Brain Injury among Older Adults: A Literature Review

Abstract Background: Numerous health conditions in the older adult population can be attributed to falls, including traumatic brain injury (TBI), which can lead to devastating short and long-term sequelae. Older adults are also more likely to experience frailty, which encompasses physical, psychological, and social deficits that may lead to adverse health outcomes. Our literature review synthesizes current evidence for understanding frailty in the context of TBI among older adults using the Integral Model of Frailty as a framework. Content synthesis: A total of 32 articles were identified, and 9 articles were included. The results of this review indicate that outcomes resulting from TBI are closely linked to the physical, psychological, and social domains of frailty. Conclusions: A small amount of literature currently examines frailty in the context of TBI among older adults. Using the Integral Model of Frailty to understand frailty in the context of TBI can help clinicians anticipate patient outcomes and improve care plans. We emphasize the need for a greater understanding of TBI concerning frailty to improve health outcomes among older adult patients.
Action horizon : on the controllability of complex systems, moving towards management for energy systems

Building robust and resilient systems is a major challenge for engineering. To this end, analytical indicators may be useful for managers in making decisions. In this paper, a new analytical construct is presented: the action horizon. This construct is devoted to assisting in the control of a system when an event driving the system to its collapse is detected. This construct is useful for analysing the best moment to start executing a corrective action. In this paper, the action horizon is experimentally evaluated in the predator-prey system and we discuss how it could help with managing power systems.
A Viewpoint on: Nonlinear Interaction between Single Photons

Quantum information science opens new opportunities for future information-processing architectures that exploit the fundamental properties of quantum mechanics. Quantum information processing (QIP) has two essential ingredients: elementary quantum logic gates and remote communication of quantum information. Photons are particularly suitable as quantum information carriers, thanks to their long coherence times and the maturity of existing optical communication techniques, and quantum information encoded in single photons is a crucial ingredient for quantum cryptography, entanglement of distant nodes in a quantum network, and quantum sensing [1]. For photonic quantum logic gates, however, a major hurdle is that individual photons do not interact in ordinary linear media. QIP researchers have long sought deterministic photonic quantum logic gates using individual photons interacting in nonlinear media. Thiago Guerreiro and colleagues from the University of Geneva, Switzerland, and Stanford University, California, have used an optical waveguide to observe, for the first time, the nonlinear interaction of individual pairs of telecommunications-wavelength photons [2]. Although the current process is probably too inefficient to be of immediate practical use, these findings may open a route towards integrated QIP platforms.
Emergence, varieties of explanation, and the generality of laws (part II)

The principal aim of this paper is to show that a constraint that C.D. Broad imposed on the acceptability of deductions of macroproperties which would show them to be non-emergent, viz. that they use only general laws of nature, is too strong and should be replaced by the weaker condition that the deductions be non-trivial. First, the relevant notion of generality is made more precise. I propose that a law is general iff it is applicable to a diversity of phenomena relative to what I call domain constitutive properties. In order to substantiate the claim that Broad's constraint is too strong I analyse three examples of explanations of macroproperties from robotics and the life sciences. All of them are non-trivial explanations and should thereby render the explained properties non-emergent. Finally, I briefly indicate three ways in which an explanation may be non-trivial.
Relationship of conscientiousness and job performance in service sector: A literature review

There are many organizational parameters like job performance, job satisfaction, leadership qualities etc., whereas personality traits play a significant role. The connection between the Big five characteristics of Personality and job performance of workers as often as possible studied in different fields like Infrastructure and medical sector etc. from many years. During that time, in which researchers conducted their research on the relationship of individuals from different personality facets to various aspect of job performance. In the digital era of diversity of customer expectations many new perspective came in service sector field and the expectations of customers continuously rising on, so the service sector employees have to manage the demands and expectations of the customers according to their needs. It becomes very important and challenging task for the service sector employees to generate sales for the organization to maximize the profit for the organization. This paper attempts to study the association of Conscientiousness and job performance of service sector employees/workers on the basis of literature review. Results indicated that all traits/dimensions of personality positively significantly correlated with job performance according to their occupational group. Study support that one aspect of Personality (Conscientiousness) indicated predictable and consistent constructive association with each kind of employment execution criteria for every single word related gathering. Individual personality, who have abnormal state of scruples, act well in administration division field occupations and administration segment occupation requires service provider which follow procedure and rules. For example, customer service business significantly positively exhibited high level of conscientiousness.
Advanced wavefront correction of spatial light modulator under temperature-varying conditions

Conventional methods of compensating for self-distortion in liquid-crystal-on-silicon spatial light modulators (LCOS-SLM) are based on aberration correction, where the wavefront of the incident beam is modulated to compensate for aberrations caused by the imperfect optical flatness of the LCOS-SLM surface. Previously, we proposed an effective method to compensate for the distortion by displaying a compensation phase pattern obtained from interferometry However, the phase distribution of an LCOS-SLM varies with changes in ambient temperature and requires additional correction. The ambient temperature of LCOS-SLMs can vary under certain circumstances, i.e. equipped inside systems for field use or long-term operations. In this presentation, we discussed a novel phase compensation method under temperature-varying conditions based on an orthonormal Legendre series expansion of the phase distribution from viewpoint of multiple beam holographic generation. We found several Legendre coefficients that follow quadratic functions of ambient temperature. This prompted us to propose an algorithm for correcting the temperature dependency by displaying a phase pattern using two simple steps: an initializing step and a temperature correction step. We investigated the temperature dependency by controlling the ambient temperature with an incubator and successfully corrected for self-distortion in a temperature range of approximately 68°F to 122°F, giving an optical flatness of <λ /10. Our approach has the potential to be adopted in tight-focusing applications which require wavefront modulation with very high accuracy. Additionally, the concept of this method is extensible to the thermal behavior of other optical devices, such as lenses and mirrors, which have the possibility of causing unexpected aberrations.
Improving Self-Efficacy With Automatically Generated Interactive Concept Maps: DIME Maps

The Dynamic and Interactive Mathematical Expressions (DIME) Map system automatically generates DIME maps, which are personalizable and manipulable concept maps that allow students to interact with the mathematical concepts contained in any portable document format (PDF) textbook or document. A teacher can automatically upload a PDF textbook chapter and retrieve a DIME map of the contained mathematically based concepts. The DIME map is interactive and manipulable and can be used to interactively navigate the PDF textbook chapter. Our goal was to investigate the relationship between use of DIME maps and student learning outcomes, including self-efficacy and ability to understand and recall connections between physics concepts. We implemented a pretest/posttest to determine if student self-efficacy and connections in knowledge increased after participation in a summer camp physics class. We additionally conducted student interviews to better understand how changes in these two factors may have occurred. We then used multivariate analysis of variance and thematic analysis, finding and investigating positive effects of students using DIME maps, namely growth in self-efficacy and connections in knowledge. Based on our findings, we conclude that DIME maps can be valuable learning tools for students that have positive effects on both cognitive and affective learning outcomes.
Influence of the NiFe/Cu/NiFe Structure Dimensions and Position in External Magnetic Field on Resistance Changes under the Magnetoresistance Effect

The subject of this work is NiFe/Cu/NiFe thin-film structures made by magnetron sputtering and showing the phenomenon of magnetoresistance. Three series of samples differing in spatial dimensions and thickness of the Cu spacer were produced. During the sputtering process, an external magnetic field of approx. 10 mT was applied to the substrate. Measurements of the resistance of the structures were carried out in the field of neodymium magnets in three different positions of the sample in relation to the direction of the field. The measurements allowed us to indicate in which position the structures of different series achieved the greatest changes in resistance. For each of the three series of layer systems, the nature of changes in the determined coefficient of giant magnetoresistance ΔR/R remained similar, while for the series with the smallest copper thickness (2.5 nm), the coefficient reached the highest value of about 2.7‰. In addition, impedance measurements were made for the structures of each series in the frequency range from 100 Hz to 100 kHz. For series with a thinner copper layer, a decrease in impedance values was observed in the 10–100 kHz range.
A unified treatment of some perturbed fixed point iterative methods with an infinite pool of operators

In this paper, we introduce a subclass of strictly quasi-nonexpansive operators which consists of well-known operators as paracontracting operators (e.g., strictly nonexpansive operators, metric projections, Newton and gradient operators), subgradient projections, a useful part of cutter operators, strictly relaxed cutter operators and locally strongly Féjer operators. The members of this subclass, which can be discontinuous, may be employed by fixed point iteration methods; in particular, iterative methods used in convex feasibility problems. The closedness of this subclass, with respect to composition and convex combination of operators, makes it useful and remarkable. Another advantage with members of this subclass is the possibility to adapt them to handle convex constraints. We give convergence result, under mild conditions, for a perturbation resilient iterative method which is based on an infinite pool of operators in this subclass. The perturbation resilient iterative methods are relevant and important for their possible use in the framework of the recently developed superiorization methodology for constrained minimization problems. To assess the convergence result, the class of operators and the assumed conditions, we illustrate some extensions of existence research works and some new results.
Phytochemical content, antioxidant activity, essential oils, and antibacterial potential of Egyptian Phlomis floccosa D. Don and Glebionis coronaria (L.) Cass. ex Spach

Wild medicinal plants have gain attention due to their active secondary metabolites that possess distinctive therapeutic and pharmacological properties. This study focused on estimating the phytochemical content of Phlomis floccosa D. Don and Glebionis coronaria (L.) Cass. ex Spach, two medicinal plant species collected from Marsa Matrouh City in Egypt. Water, methanol, and petroleum ether extracts were prepared from both species for antioxidant activity assessment using the DPPH assay method. Additionally, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry was utilized to identify essential oils present in the aerial part of both species while antibacterial activity against nine isolates was also evaluated. Our results revealed that water extracts of P. floccosa and G.coronaria contained higher amounts of phenols, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, and saponins than other extract types tested. In terms of essential oil components, P. floccosa' s aqueous extraction yielded 19 oxygenated as well as non-oxygenated hydrocarbon compounds; whereas, G. coronaria's extracted oil contained forty-six volatile compounds including 17 hydrocarbons, five terpenes, eighteen fatty acids/lipids, six steroids etc., respectively. Finally, in relation to antimicrobial effects observed: Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus were inhibited by water extract of P. floccosa ; on the other hand, G. coronaria exhibited inhibitory effects against Bacillus cereus , Listeria monocytogenes , Staphylococcus aureus , and S. epidermidis by the use of its aqueous or methanolic solvent systems. Generally, it can be concluded that these plant species may provide promising sources of natural products with antioxidant and antibacterial activities
Abnormal wiring of the structural connectome in adults with ADHD

Abstract Current knowledge of white matter changes in large-scale brain networks in adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is scarce. We collected diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging data in 40 adults with ADHD and 36 neurotypical controls and used constrained spherical deconvolution–based tractography to reconstruct whole-brain structural connectivity networks. We used network-based statistic (NBS) and graph theoretical analysis to investigate differences in these networks between the ADHD and control groups, as well as associations between structural connectivity and ADHD symptoms assessed with the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale or performance in the Conners Continuous Performance Test 2 (CPT-2). NBS revealed decreased connectivity in the ADHD group compared to the neurotypical controls in widespread unilateral networks, which included subcortical and corticocortical structures and encompassed dorsal and ventral attention networks and visual and somatomotor systems. Furthermore, hypoconnectivity in a predominantly left-frontal network was associated with higher amount of commission errors in CPT-2. Graph theoretical analysis did not reveal topological differences between the groups or associations between topological properties and ADHD symptoms or task performance. Our results suggest that abnormal structural wiring of the brain in adult ADHD is manifested as widespread intrahemispheric hypoconnectivity in networks previously associated with ADHD in functional neuroimaging studies.
Analysis of the AC/A ratio in myopia patients in relation to spectacles and soft contact lenses

Purpose: To compare accommodative convergence over accommodation (AC/A) ratio when Myopic patient changes from Spectacles to Contact lenses. Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional study group of 50 subjects and Myopic error from -0.75DS to - 6.00DS. The AC/A ratio was measured by two methods; the heterophoria method and the gradient method. Gradient method was measured by plus and minus Lenses technique. Heterophoria in near and distance was measured to calculate heterophoria method. Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test was used to compare between two methods p value < 0.05. Result s : The mean AC/A ratio in Gradient method when using Soft Contact Lenses in comparison to Spectacles was: with+3(2.21, 2.24), and with-3(1.51,150) respectively. Although the AC/A ratio was less in amount with +3D lens in near and more in distance with -3D lens as compared to Spectacles, there were no significant differences found between the two (P:0.285 and P:0.317 respectively). The means of AC/A ratio as calculated by Heterophoria method was increased with soft contact lenses (5.97) as compared to spectacles (5.96) with no significant difference p: 0.317 Conclusion: No significant difference has been found for myope when changing from spectacles to contact lenses.
Efek Neurologis Hiponatremia

Aktivitas otak memerlukan kondisi yang optimal, termasuk lingkungan elektrolit yang ideal. Salah satu elektrolit utama dalam tubuh yang juga penting untuk aktivitas otak adalah natrium. Hipernatremia yang tidak terkoreksi dapat menyebabkan berbagai manifestasi klinis yang bervariasi mulai dari rasa haus, kelemahan, eksitabilitas neuromuskular, hiperrefleks, letargi, confusion, kejang, atau koma. Oleh karena itu, penyebab, gejala, diagnosis, dan penanganan yang tepat perlu untuk mencegah penurunan kualitas hidup pasien. Brain activities need optimal conditions, including an ideal electrolyte environment. One of the main electrolytes in the body that is also essential for brain activity is sodium. Uncorrected hypernatremia may manifest in symptoms of thirst, weakness, neuromuscular excitability, hyperreflexia, lethargy, confusion, seizure, and coma. Therefore, the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and appropriate treatment are necessary to prevent a decline in the patient’s quality of life.