Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING METHODS AND CORPORA IN TRANSLATION , LEXICOGRAPHY , AND LANGUAGE LEARNING

ii Foreword In recent years corpora have become an indispensable tool in research and everyday practice for translators, lexicographers, second language learners. Specialists in these areas share a general goal in using corpora in their work: corpora provide the possibility of finding and analysing linguistic patterns characteristic of various kinds of language users, monitoring language change, and revealing important similarities and divergences across different languages. By this time, Natural Language Processing (NLP) technologies have matured to the point where much more complex analysis of corpora becomes possible: more complex grammatical and lexical patterns can be discovered, and new, more complex aspects of text (pragmatic, stylistic, etc.) can be analysed computationally. For professional translators, corpora represent an invaluable linguistic and cultural awareness tool. For language learners, they serve as a means to gain insights into specifics of competent language use as well as to analyse typical errors of fellow learners. For lexicographers, corpora are key for monitoring the development of language vocabularies, making informed decisions as to lexicographic relevance of the lexical material, and for general verification of all varieties of lexicographic data. While simple corpus analysis tools such as concordancers have long been in use in these specialist areas, in the past decade there have been important developments in Natural Language Processing technologies: it has become much easier to construct corpora, and powerful NLP methods have become available that can be used to analyse corpora not only at the surface level, but also at the syntactic, and even semantic, pragmatic, and stylistic levels. We believe that 2009 was an appropriate moment for the RANLP workshop on Natural Language Processing Methods and Corpora in Translation, Lexicography, and Language Learning. It presented recent studies covering the following topics: term and collocation extraction, corpora in translator training, construction of lexical resource, lexical substitution techniques, word alignment, and automatic tree alignment. The event was complemented by two invited speakers who presented several studies where NLP methods and corpora have proved to be helpful. The workshop brought together the developers and the users of NLP technologies for the purposes of translation, translation studies, lexicography, terminology, and language learning in order to present their research and discuss new possibilities and challenges in these research areas. We are grateful to the organisers of the Seventh International Conference on Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing, RANLP 2009, for holding this workshop in conjunction to the main conference. We …
A low‐profile 28‐GHz Rotman lens‐fed array beamformer for 5G conformal subsystems

This paper reports on the first demonstration of an experimental millimeter‐wave (mm‐wave) beamforming based on the conformal Rotman lens. The passive switched‐beam network is intended for operation in the 28‐GHz band, covering the 18‐38 GHz range, for the deployment in the fifth generation (5G) subsystems. The primary objective of this work is to conduct the feasibility of designing a beamforming network (BFN) based on the liquid‐crystal polymer substrate, and to evaluate the performances in terms of the scattering (S)‐parameters and surface currents for the proposed flexural case of the convex‐circumferential bending. A prototype has been accurately fabricated, and a setup has also been deployed to conduct the measurements. The performance in terms of the linear progressive phase behavior, as the main figure of merit, has been shown. The BFN exhibits significant characteristics to be used as a low‐profile unit of the transceivers with the in‐built beam steering for the conformal 5G subsystems.
The effect of vertically varying permeability on tracer dispersion

We study the migration of a tracer within an injection-driven flow in a horizontal aquifer in which the permeability varies with depth. The permeability gradient produces a shear and this leads to lateral dispersion of the tracer. In the high permeability regions, the tracer moves substantially faster than the mean flow and eventually enters the nose region of the flow where the depth of the current is less than the depth of the aquifer. Depending on the influence of (i) the viscosity contrast between the injected fluid and the original fluid, and (ii) the vertical permeability gradient, the nose of the current may be of fixed shape or may gradually lengthen with time. This leads to a variety of patterns of dispersal of the tracer, which may either remain in the nose or cycle through the nose and be left behind. Our results illustrate the complexity of the migration of a tracer in a heterogeneous aquifer which has important implications for interpreting the results of tracer tests as may be proposed for monitoring $\text{CO}_{2}$ or gas injected into subsurface reservoirs.
Homoclinic snaking in discrete systems

In this thesis, we investigate analytically and numerically bifurcations of localized solutions in discrete systems, i.e., the discrete Swift-Hohenberg, an optical cavity equation, and the discrete Allen-Cahn equation, which have infinitely multiplicity called homoclinic snaking. First, we study the discrete Swift-Hohenberg equation with cubic and quintic nonlinearity, obtained from discretizing the spatial derivatives of the Swift-Hohenberg equation using central finite differences. We investigate the discretization effect on the bifurcation behavior, where we identify three regions of the coupling parameter, i.e., strong, weak, and intermediate coupling. In the intermediate coupling region, multiple Maxwell points can occur for the periodic solutions and may cause irregular snaking and isolas. Theoretical analysis for the snaking and stability of the corresponding solutions is provided in the weak coupling region. Next, we study time-independent solutions of an optical cavity equation with saturable nonlinearity. When the nonlinearity is of Kerr-type (i.e., cubic), one obtains the discrete version of Lugiato-Lefever equation. The equation admits uniform and localized solutions. Localized solutions can be formed by combining two different uniform states, which can develop a snaking structure in their bifurcation diagram when a control parameter is varied, i.e., homoclinic snaking. C-shaped isolas may also occur when the background of localized states disappear at a certain bifurcation parameter value. The semi-analytical approximation is also proposed to determine the stability of the corresponding solutions. Finally, we present a study on time-independent solutions of the two-dimensional discrete Allen-Cahn equation with cubic and quintic nonlinearity. Three different types of lattices are considered, i.e., square, honeycomb, and triangular lattices. Localized solutions of discrete Allen-Cahn equation also can be formed by combining two different uniform states. We introduce an active-cell approximation, which is extended from the one-active site approximation in one-dimensional case for a weakly coupled system.
How neutral is the intergalactic medium surrounding the redshift z = 7.085 quasar ULAS J1120+0641?

The quasar ULAS J1120+0641 at redshift z = 7.085 has a highly ionised near zone which is smaller than those around quasars of similar luminosity at z ≃ 6. The spec- trum also exhibits evidence for a damping wing extending redward of the systemic Lyredshift. We use radiative transfer simulations in a cosmological context to inves- tigate the implications for the ionisation state of the inhomogeneous IGM surrounding this quasar. Our simulations show that the transmission profile is consistent with an IGM in the vicinity of the quasar with a volume averaged H I fraction of hfHIiV > 0.1 and that ULAS J1120+0641 has been bright for 10 6 -10 7 yr. The observed spectrum is also consistent with smaller IGM neutral fractions, hfHIiV ∼ 10 −3 -10 −4 , if a damped Lysystem in an otherwise highly ionised IGM lies within 5 proper Mpc of the quasar. This is, however, predicted to occur in only ∼ 5 per cent of our simulated sight-lines for a bright phase of 10 6 -10 7 yr. Unless ULAS J1120+0641 grows during a previous optically obscured phase, the low age inferred for the quasar adds to the theoretical challenge of forming a 2 × 10 9 M⊙ black hole at this high redshift.
Temperature-dependent distribution of silver nano particles on ferroelectric substrate: Molecular dynamics simulation

Abstract Silver nano particles have been widely used as catalyst for chemical industry. However, the catalytic efficiency of the silver has been limited by the aggregation of the silver, as the active sites are only located on the surface of the catalyst particles. In this paper we report the surface aggregation dynamics of silver on different ferroelectric polarization surface and temperature dependent behaviors. Meanwhile, reducing the particle size to obtain the dispersed morphology of silver was discussed by the dissipative particle dynamics method and density functional theory. The surface with upward polarization provides more electrons to the silver, which is responsible for the dispersed morphology of the silver.
Current and emerging treatments for absence seizures in young patients

: In this report, we review the pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments of the different absence seizure types as recently recognized by the International League Against Epilepsy: typical absences, atypical absences, myoclonic absences, and eyelid myoclonia with absences. Overall, valproate and ethosuximide remain the principal anti-absence drugs. Typical absence seizures exhibit a specific electroclinical semiology, pathophysiology, and pharmacological response profile. A large-scale comparative study has recently confirmed the key role of ethosuximide in the treatment of childhood absence epilepsy, more than 50 years after its introduction. No new antiepileptic drug has proven major efficacy against typical absences. Of the medications under development, brivaracetam might be an efficacious anti-absence drug. Some experimental drugs also show efficacy in animal models of typical absence seizures. The treatment of other absence seizure types is not supported with a high level of evidence. Rufinamide appears to be the most promising new antiepileptic drug for atypical absences and possibly for myoclonic absences. The efficacy of vagal nerve stimulation should be further evaluated for atypical absences. Levetiracetam appears to display a particular efficacy in eyelid myoclonia with absences. Finally, it is important to remember that the majority of antiepileptic drugs, whether they be old or new, may aggravate typical and atypical absence seizures.
Controllability of a Pair of Swimming Microrotors in a Bounded Domain at Low Reynolds Number

We investigate the dynamics of a pair of spinning spheres or microrotors in a fluid at low Reynolds numbers. These microrotors are each approximated by a rotlet, a fundamental singularity of the Stokes equation. Singularities of Stokes flows serve as useful theoretical models for microswimmers and micro-robots. Rotlet models of microswimmers have received less attention since a rotlet cannot generate translation by itself if the only control input is the rate of spin or strength of the rotlet. However a pair of rotlets can interact and execute net motion. In an unbounded domain of fluid, the positions of a pair of rotlets are not fully controllable due to the existence of an invariant. However, in a confined domain, we show that the positions of the pair of spheres are small time locally controllable. We show how control inputs can be constructed based on combinations of Lie brackets to move the rotlets from one point to another in the domain.
Electronic Colloquium on Computational Complexity on Rank vs. Communication Complexity

This paper concerns the open problem of Lovasz and Saks regarding the relationship between the communication complexity of a boolean function and the rank of the associated matrix. We rst give an example exhibiting the largest gap known. We then prove two related theorems. y Extended Abstract appeared in FOCS 1994. subject "MAIL ME CLEAR", body "pub/eccc/ftpmail.txt" followed by an empty line, for help
Single-image super-resolution based on sparse kernel ridge regression

Because they are affected by imaging conditions, aliasing, noise, etc, imaging systems are unable to obtain all of the information contained in an original scene. Super-resolution (SR) reconstruction is important for the application of image data to increase the resolution of images. In this article, an example-based algorithm is proposed to implement SR reconstruction by single-image. The mapping function between low-resolution (LR) and high-resolution (HR) images is learned by using the method of regularized regression. Then, finding the optimal sparse subset of the training data set by kernel matching pursuit (KMP). The results show that this method can recover detailed information of images, and the computational cost is reduced compared to other example-based SR methods.
A note on identification of discrete choice models for bundles and binary games

We study nonparametric identification of single‐agent discrete choice models for bundles (without requiring bundle‐specific prices) and of binary games of complete information. We show that these two models are quite similar from an identification standpoint. Moreover, they are mathematically equivalent when we restrict attention to the class of potential games and impose a specific equilibrium selection mechanism in the data generating process. We provide new identification results for the two related models.
Investigating Inflation Persistence Across Monetary Regimes

Under inflation, targeting estimates of the indexation parameter in hybrid New Keynesian Phillips curves are either equal to zero, or very low, in the United Kingdom, Canada, Sweden, and New Zealand. Analogous results hold for the Euro area under the European Monetary Union, and for Switzerland under the new monetary regime: under stable regimes with clearly defined nominal anchors, inflation appears to be purely forward-looking. These results question the notion that the intrinsic inflation persistence found in post-WWII U.S. data is structural in the sense of Lucas (Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy, 1 [1976], 19–46), and suggest that "hardwiring" inflation persistence in macroeconomic models is potentially misleading.
Toward Personalized Affect-Aware Socially Assistive Robot Tutors for Long-Term Interventions with Children with Autism

Affect-aware socially assistive robotics (SAR) has shown great potential for augmenting interventions for children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). However, current SAR cannot yet perceive the unique and diverse set of atypical cognitive-affective behaviors from children with ASD in an automatic and personalized fashion in long-term (multi-session) real-world interactions. To bridge this gap, this work designed and validated personalized models of arousal and valence for children with ASD using a multi-session in-home dataset of SAR interventions. By training machine learning (ML) algorithms with supervised domain adaptation (s-DA), the personalized models were able to tradeoff between the limited individual data and the more abundant less personal data pooled from other study participants. We evaluated the effects of personalization on a long-term multimodal dataset consisting of four children with ASD with a total of 19 sessions, and derived inter-rater reliability (IR) scores for binary arousal (IR = 83%) and valence (IR = 81%) labels between human annotators. Our results show that personalized Gradient Boosted Decision Trees (XGBoost) models with s-DA outperformed two non-personalized individualized and generic model baselines not only on the weighted average of all sessions, but also statistically (p < .05) across individual sessions. This work paves the way for the development of personalized autonomous SAR systems tailored toward individuals with atypical cognitive-affective and socio-emotional needs.
DeepFaceEditing: Deep Face Generation and Editing with Disentangled Geometry and Appearance Control

achieve fine control of facial details such as wrinkles. To address this issue, we propose DeepFaceEditing, a structured disentanglement framework specifically designed for face images to support face generation and editing with disentangled control of geometry and appearance. We adopt a local-to-global approach to incorporate the face domain knowledge: local component images are decomposed into geometry and appearance representations
UV fluorescence lifetime modification by aluminum and magnesium nanoapertures

Ultra-violet (UV) fluorescence lifetime modification by aluminum (Al) and magnesium (Mg) nanoapertures are reported in this manuscript. Nanoapertures with diameter ranging from 30nm to 90nm are fabricated using focused ion beam (FIB). Largest lifetime reduction are observed for apertures with smallest diameters and undercuts into glass substrate. For Al nanoapertures, largest lifetime reduction is ∼5.30×, larger than perviously reported ∼3.50×. 1 For Mg nanoapertures, largest lifetime reduction is ∼6.90×, which is the largest lifetime reduction of UV fluorescence dye reported so far in literature. The dependence of count rate per molecule (CRM) on aperture size and undercut is also investigated, revealing that CRM increases with increasing undercut, however, the CRM is small (less than 2) for the entire range of aperture size and undercut we investigated. FDTD simulation were conducted and in order to favorably compare experimental results with simulated results, it is critical to take into account the exact shape and material properties of the nano aperture. Simulation results revealed the fundamental difference between Al and Mg nano aperture under 266nm illumination-Mg nano aperture presents a waveguide mode in which the maximum field enhancement and Purcell factor is within the nano aperture instead of on the surface which is the case for Al nano aperture.
Sociodemographic, biological, and developmental characteristics of preschool children born full-term and preterm.

In Chile, preterm birth is the main cause of infant mortality and morbidity. However, there is little information on the particular characteristics of preterm-born preschool children. OBJECTIVE To describe the sociodemographic, biological, and developmental characteristics of Chilean preschool children born full-term and preterm. SUBJECTS AND METHOD A secondary analysis of the databases of the 2010 Longitudinal Survey of Early Childhood (ELPI) was conducted. Children between 2 and 4 years of age with information on gestational age at birth were selected. Late-term infants were excluded. The sample included 8,571 children, of whom 9.78% were preterm newborns. Variables related to sociodemographic characteristics, biological risk factors, and psychomotor development were considered. A descriptive and association analysis (Chi-square) was performed to establish whether the differences between the compared groups were significant. RESULTS No differences were observed regarding the proportion of sex, geographic area of residence, and health prognosis. Most premature infants reside in urban areas and they have higher biological risk factors. In addition, they have lower average scores than those born at term in all development areas. CONCLUSIONS The information presented raises the need to analyze the interaction of prematurity with social risk in the development of preterm infants of different gestational ages.
Information Systems for Public Sector Management Working Paper Series Why Health Care Information Systems Succeed or Fail Why Health Care Information Systems Succeed or Fail

Some health care information systems (HCIS) do succeed, but the majority are likely to fail in some way. To explain why this happens, and how failure rates may be reduced, this paper describes the 'ITPOSMO' model of conception—reality gaps. This argues that the greater the change gap between current realities and the design conceptions (i.e. requirements and assumptions) of a new health care information system, the greater the risk of failure.
HCV in Children

Although the prevalence of chronic hepatitis C is lower in children than adults, an estimated 3.5 to 5 million children worldwide have chronic HCV infection (Indolphi, 2019); (Gower, 2014). Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) indicate that 0.2% of 6to 11-year-olds (31,000 children) and 0.4% of 12to 19-year-olds (101,000 adolescents) in the US are HCV antibody positive (Alter, 1999).
Where and when: the ecological parameters affecting Wild boars choice while rooting in grasslands in an Alpine valley

Rooting is the most obvious sign of presence of the species in a given area and it has been used to study habitat and space use. The study was carried out in Susa Valley at altitude from 700 to 1,410 m u.s.l. 58 plots of grassland or pastureland have been studied by visiting them every fortnight looking for rooting. Each plot was characterized by measuring some physical parameters and on each visit the soil hardness, vegetation or snow height, sign of deer use, human activity and amount of rooting were recorded. Climatic condition in the period before each visit was measured by two meteorological stations.
An (s; Q) Inventory System with Positive Lead Time and Service Time Under N-Policy

Abtsrcat We consider an (s, Q) inventory system of non-perishable items with exponential service time where N-policy is adopted during lead time. Ordering quantity is fixed, and is Q = S - s. We assume that arrival of demands is according to a Poisson process and lead time follows exponential distribution. N-policy is used in such a way that as and when the onhand inventory reaches the level s - N during a lead time, a local purchase of Q + N units is made by cancelling the replenishment order that is already placed. We obtain product-form solution for the state-probabilities. Several performance measures of the system are derived. Analysis of inventory cycle length is carried out. An explicit cost function is obtained and is analysed numerically. Numerical illustrations indicate that the cost function is strictly convex in N. Also it is numerically established that the total expected cost as a function of s, S and N is strictly convex.
IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI)

Received Dec 28, 2021 Revised Oct 21, 2022 Accepted Nov 20, 2022 The enormous size of the web and the vagueness of the terms used to formulate queries still pose a huge problem in achieving user satisfaction. To solve this problem, queries need to be disambiguated based on their context. One well-known technique for enhancing the effectiveness of information retrieval (IR) is query expansion (QE). It reformulates the initial query by adding similar terms that help in retrieving more relevant results. In this paper, we propose a new QE semantic approach based on the modified Concept2vec model using linked data. The novelty of our work is the use of query-dependent linked data from DBpedia as training data for the Concept2vec skip-gram model. We considered only the top feedback documents, and we did not use them directly to generate embeddings; we used their interlinked data instead. Also, we used the linked data attributes that have a long value, e.g., “dbo: abstract”, as training data for neural network models, and, we extracted from them the valuable concepts for QE. Our experiments on the Associated Press collection dataset showed that retrieval effectiveness can be much improved when a skip-gram model is used along with a DBpedia feature. Also, we demonstrated significant improvements compared to other approaches.