Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Constructing and evaluating generalized models for a base‐isolated structure

Full‐scale dynamic testing and earthquake engineering experiments are often costly, yet they are vital for advancing the understanding of the complex interactions between seismic protective systems and structural responses. E‐Defense (a part of the Japan's National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience) constructed and tested a four‐story reinforced‐concrete base‐isolated building to study, among other things, how different anti‐seismic devices in the isolation layer of a building improve its response. This structure was subjected in August 2013 to a series of tests, including random ground motions and simulated earthquakes. Analyzing the acceleration responses from these random excitations forms the first step in identifying the dynamic characteristics of this test structure. The advanced numerical algorithm for subspace state‐space system identification (N4SID), from the family of subspace identification methods, is used to estimate the nominal modal parameters of this structure for both input–output and output‐only models. These models are then evaluated for their generalizability by using them to predict the response of the structure to both random excitations and seismic inputs. Additional identification is performed using responses recorded during simulated earthquakes, and the recovered modal parameters are compared against the nominal parameters to analyze how the building's isolation system impacts its response. The results indicate that the interaction between seismic excitation and the base‐isolation layer has both local and global structural effects. Locally, the modes most directly associated with isolation layer displacements experience, as expected, significant decreases in frequency and increases in damping; globally, the modes with more substantial displacements across the superstructure also experience decreases in frequency and increases in damping but at a greatly reduced scale. Further, even in the presence of seismic forces large enough to induce nonlinear restoring forces in the isolation layer, the relative changes in identified modal parameters for the superstructure associated modes remained modest.
Towards a Naturalistic Animal Model of Depression? A Study on Horses.

Background: Recent reviews question current animal models of depression and emphasise the need for ethological models of mood disorders based on animals living under natural conditions. Domestic horses encounter chronic stress, including potential stress at work, which can induce behavioural disorders ( e.g. ‘‘apathy’’). Our pioneering study evaluated the potential of domestic horses in their usual environment to become an ethological model of depression by testing this models’ face validity ( i.e. behavioural similarity with descriptions of human depressive states). Methodology/Principal Findings: We observed the spontaneous behaviour of 59 working horses in their home environment, focusing on immobility bouts of apparent unresponsiveness when horses displayed an atypical posture (termed withdrawn hereafter), evaluated their responsiveness to their environment and their anxiety levels, and analysed cortisol levels. Twenty-four percent of the horses presented the withdrawn posture, also characterized by gaze, head and ears fixity, a profile that suggests a spontaneous expression of ‘‘behavioural despair’’. When compared with control ‘‘non- withdrawn’’ horses from the same stable, withdrawn horses appeared more indifferent to environmental stimuli in their home environment but reacted more emotionally in more challenging situations. They exhibited lower plasma cortisol levels. Withdrawn horses all belonged to the same breed and females were over-represented. Conclusions/Significance: Horse might be a useful potential candidate for an animal model of depression. Face validity of this model appeared good, and potential genetic input and high prevalence of these disorders in females add to the convergence. At a time when current animal models of depression are questioned and the need for novel models is expressed, this study suggests that novel models and biomarkers could emerge from ethological approaches in home environments.
Modeling Affective Content of Music: A Knowledge Base Approach

—The work described in this paper is part of a project that aims to implement and assess a computer system that can control the affective content of the music output, in such a way that it may express an intended emotion. In this system, music selection and transformation are done with the help of a knowledge base with weighted mappings between continuous affective dimensions (valence and arousal) and music features (e.g., rhythm and melody) grounded on results from works of Music Psychology. The system starts by making a segmentation of MIDI music to obtain pieces that may express only one kind of emotion. Then, feature extraction algorithms are applied to label these pieces with music metadata (e.g., rhythm and melody). The mappings of the knowledge base are used to label music with affective metadata. This paper focus on the reﬁnement of the knowledge base (subsets of features and their weights) according to the prediction results of listeners’ affective answers.
Maternal ApoE-Deficiency Promotes Collar-Induced Neointima Formation in Adult ApoE +/- Offspring Even Without Cholesterol Feeding

We have previously shown that adult apoE +/- offspring from apoE -/- mothers exhibit increased susceptibility to cardiovascular disease, as compared to adult apoE +/-offspring from wild-type mothers. In this model, neointimal lesions, as a reflection of cardiovascular disease, were induced by placement of a constrictive collar around the carotid artery in combination with a high-cholesterol diet. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether adult apoE +/- offspring from apoE -/-mothers are also more susceptible to neointima formation without feeding a cholesterol-containing diet. On a chow diet, both types of apoE +/- offspring were normocholesterolemic. After placement of a constrictive collar, lesions could not be detected in apoE +/- offspring from wild-type mothers, whereas apoE +/- offspring from apoE -/- did develop neointimal lesions. These neointimal lesions were small and relatively a-cellular. The mesenchymal cells stained positive for (cid:2) -smooth muscle actin and were negative for the macrophage marker Mac-3. We conclude that intrauterine exposure to maternal apoE-deficiency is sufficient to allow collar-induced neointima formation, even without cholesterol feeding, sustaining the hypothesis that the intrauterine environment poses a major risk factor for adult cardiovascular disease.
Offshore wind farm optimization Investigation of unconventional and random layouts

This project aims at investigating whether or not unconventional and/or random offshore wind farm layouts lead to better performance of the farm. The determination of each solution is based on the estimated value of the Levelized Production Cost, thus the cost per produced unit of energy (i.e., ecents/kWh). For the purposes of the current research a previously developed Matlab code is used. Due to some restrictions that had been adopted by the original composer of the code, the tool was updated and extended so that it is able to evaluate more random-shaped offshore wind farms. The optimization of an offshore wind farm layout is a multidisciplinary problem, which includes several design variables. In addition various restrictions should be considered if the purpose of setting the problem on a more realistic basis is desired. In this study due to the limited time as well as narrow computational resources, only some of these parameters are considered. Among others they include, the wake effect, electrical losses and a site specific wind rose. A reference offshore wind farm is set, and in detail is investigated, by a deterministic and stochastic approach, the effect of a) different separation distance for each row and column of the wind farm, b) displacement of individual wind turbine(s), c) discard of specific wind turbine(s). These alterations try to achieve the increase of the energy production, either by maximizing the energy output of the wind turbines, due to the decrease of the losses caused by the wake effect, or by minimizing the electrical losses. Moreover, a better layout design could be realized by reducing the costs which refer to the overall project. In addition to the aforementioned listed alterations the case of the Horns Rev offshore wind farm is studied. This case is investigated by the deterministic and stochastic approaches, as the previous cases and the results are compared to the ones included in already published bibliography. Overall, it was shown that the layout design according to the characteristics adopted in this research could lead to a more efficient offshore wind farm. In the majority of the cases it is seen that the decrease of the LPC is mainly a result of the cable cost and losses. When the small test wind farm is considered, it is noticed that the structured approach of unconventional layouts resulted in better values for the LPC in comparison with the more random approach.
COMMON MATERIALS USED BY DENTISTS FOR PEDIATRIC RESTORATIONS - A SURVEY

: The aim of this article was to conduct a questionnaire based survey on the choice of material used by dentists in Chennai for paediatric restorations. The prevalence of dental caries in the pediatric population is on the rise due to the changing dietary habits with current lifestyle trends. As a result, dentists have to choose the most appropriate restorative material based on criteria such as site of the lesion, patient cooperation, aesthetics, anti-cariogenicity, biocompatibility and mechanical properties. A questionnaire was prepared and randomly distributed to 114 dentists (general practitioners and specialists) in Chennai working in teaching institutions, government hospitals, private hospitals and private dental clinics. The survey form consisted of 10 questions in multiple choice format. The data was tabulated in spreadsheets and statistical analysis was done to obtain the results. Group responses were summarized and comparisons were made made using Pearson Chi Square test. The results showed that 109 dentists (95.6%) used glass ionomer cement most frequently for restoring primary teeth whereas 5 dentists (4.4%) used composite. Significant variation (p=0.018) was seen in the choice of material for restoring proximal lesions where GIC is used by 57.9% dentists followed by SSC (33.3%). As a wide range of restorative materials are now available, this survey will provide a better understanding about the most convenient and preferred materials by dentists.
COMPARISON BETWEEN THE ANALGESIC CHARACTERS AND HEMODYNAMIC CHANGES OF 2% LIGNOCAINE ALONE AND 2% LIGNOCAINE WITH CLONIDINE IN EPIDURAL BLOCKADE

between the Analgesic Characters and Hemodynamic Changes of 2% Lignocaine alone and 2% Lignocaine with Clonidine in Blockade”. ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION: Pain is as old as mankind and so is the quest for its control. It is defined as “an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage”. 1 Pain relief is a growing to anaesthesiologist, since no single analgesia is free from side effect, so it is a challenge to provide pain relief without much side effect like sedation, respiratory depression or problem like nausea & vomiting. Regional anaesthesia techniques generously offer adequate pain control for early mobilization and compliance with physiotherapy, they also provide additional benefits of decreased surgical stress response 2 improved myocardial stability, 3,4 rapid recovery of bowel function 5,6 and reduced risk of thromboembolic events like deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. 7 As a result it is also associated with reduction in postoperative morbidity and mortality. 8
The equity impact of community women’s groups to reduce neonatal mortality: a meta-analysis of four cluster randomized trials

Background: Socioeconomic inequalities in neonatal mortality are substantial in many developing countries. Little is known about how to address this problem. Trials in Asia and Africa have shown strong impacts on neonatal mortality of a participatory learning and action intervention with women’s groups. Whether this intervention also reduces mortality inequalities remains unknown. We describe the equity impact of this women’s groups intervention on the neonatal mortality rate (NMR) across socioeconomic strata. Methods: We conducted a meta-analysis of all four participatory women’s group interventions that were shown to be randomized estimated on and for logistic effect marginalized in the last trial year ( P -value for difference between most/less marginalized: 0.009). The intervention strongly improved home care practices, with no systematic socioeconomic differences in effect. Conclusions: Participatory women’s groups with high population coverage beneﬁt the survival chances of newborns from all socioeconomic strata, and perhaps especially those born into the most deprived households.
Метод оценки

The method for exploitability estimation of program bugs is presented. Using this technique allows to prioritize software bugs that were found. Thus, it gives an opportunity for a developer to fix bugs, which are most security critical at first. The method is based on combining preliminary classification of program bugs and automatic exploit generation. Preliminary classification is used to filter non-exploitable software defects. For potentially exploitable bugs corresponding exploit generation algorithm is chosen. In case of a successful exploit generation the operability of exploit is checked in program emulator. There are various ways that used for finding software bugs. Fuzzing and dynamic symbolic execution are often used for this purpose. The main requirement for the use of the proposed method is an opportunity to get input data, which cause program to crash. The technique could be applied to program binaries and does not require debug information. Implementation of the method is a set of software tools, which are interconnected with control scripts. The preliminary classification method and automatic exploit generation method are implemented as stand-alone tools, and could be used separately. The technique was used to analyze 274 program crashes, which were obtained by fuzzing. The analysis managed to detect 13 exploitable bugs, for which successfully workable exploits were generated.
EFM-HOG: Improving Image Retrieval in the Wild

—The problem of retrieving images from a dataset, which are similar to a query image is an important high-level vision problem. Different tasks deﬁne similarity based on different low-level features like shape, color or texture. In the presented work, we focus on the problem of retrieval of images of similarly shaped objects, with the query being an object selected from a query image at runtime. Towards this end, we propose a novel shape representation and associated similarity measure, which exploits the dimensionality reduction and feature extraction methods of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Enhanced Fisher Model (EFM). The effectiveness of this representation is demonstrated on large-scale image datasets for the task of object retrieval and the performance is compared to Histograms of Oriented Gradients (HOG).
Knowledge and Opinions of Nursing Professionals about Pressure Ulcers Prevention

Results: The study subjects were 32 nurses and 37 assistants/nursing technicians. The results showed approximate averages of correct answers in the general context of the knowledge test among nurses (75.60%) and assistants/nursing technicians (76.29%). It was found out that those professionals recognize the importance of preventing the injury, assure to be performed in the units where they work, but mention difficulties.
Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the (cid:97) 2 Gene Deﬁne Multiple Alleles That Are Associated With Differences in Platelet (cid:97) 2 (cid:98) 1 Density

Three allelic differences in the 2 gene are associated with expression levels of the (cid:97) 2 (cid:98) 1 integrin on the platelet surface. We have previously defined two linked silent polymor- phisms in the (cid:97) 2 gene coding region at nucleotides 807 (C or T) and 873 (G or A). We have now identified one rarer nucleotide polymorphism in the coding region at nucleotide 837 (T or C) and four additional linked polymorphisms within the introns that flank these coding sequences. Moreover, we have determined that the alloantigenic Br polymorphism, which resides in a distal coding region at nucleotide 1648, is also linked to the 837 polymorphism. Thus, three (cid:97) 2 gene alleles, defined by eight nucleotide polymorphisms, have now been discovered. Allele 1 (807T/837T/873A/Br b ) is asso-ciatedwithincreasedlevelsof (cid:97) 2 (cid:98) 1 ;allele2(807C/837T/873G/ Br b ) and allele 3 (807C/837C/873G/Br a ) are each associated with lower levels of (cid:97) 2 (cid:98) 1 . Finally, we also show here that the rate of platelet attachment to type I collagen in whole blood under conditions of high shear rate (1,500/s) is proportional to the density of (cid:97) 2 (cid:98) 1 receptors on the platelet surface. Thus, the density of platelet (cid:97) 2 (cid:98) 1 could have an important impact on platelet adhesion to collagen in whole blood and therefore on platelet function in vivo, contributing to an increased risk of thrombosis previ- ous studies have shown that mepacrine does not interfere with platelet adhesion. 12 The ﬂow chamber, mounted on an epiﬂuorescence microscope (Axiovert 135M inverted microscope, Carl Zeiss Inc, New York, NY), allowed direct visualization in real time of the platelet adhesion process, which was recorded on a video cassette recorder. Platelet surface coverage measurements. The total area occupied by adherent platelets in an area of 16,384 mm 2 was measured by capturing images from the video tape using a frame grabber (Matrox Image LC; Matrox Electronics System Ltd, Dorval, Quebec, Canada) and processing using the Metamorph software package (Universal Imaging Corporation, Westchester, PA). A threshold was applied to the image to distinguish platelets from the background. The microscope settings (including contrast, brightness, and magniﬁcation settings) were maintained at constant values to facilitate valid comparisons between different experiments.
Management of Venous Thromboembolism in Children: Current Recommendations and Therapeutic Options Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management

: Venous thromboembolism has an increasing signi ﬁ cance in the pediatric patient population. Due to the lack of well-designed pediatric clinical trials, recommendations for the treatment of venous thromboembolic events in children have low evidence and are mainly extrapolated from adult guidelines. This review summarizes and compares recommendations for the treatment of several venous thromboembolic events in children from CHEST, ASH, and the UK guidelines.
Adaptive Jitter Buffer based on Quality Optimization under Bursty Packet Loss

—Quality of voice delivered over packet networks is affected by various factors such as packet loss, end-to-end delay, packet delay variation (jitter) and codec bit rate. Different approaches and models predict speech quality as a function of such impairments. In order to ensure a continuous play-out of voice transmitted over a packet switched network, jitter buffers are commonly used to counter jitter introduced by queuing. In this paper, we propose a new adaptive jitter buffer algorithm based on optimizing the predicted voice quality. The algorithm consists of an adaptive play-out mechanism based on the extended E-Model taking into account packet loss pattern and a time-scaling technique relying on a speech classification mechanism embedded in the decoder. In our work, we apply the time-scaling to the modified AMR WB decoder. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the best existing algorithms in a variety of different network scenarios under bursty packet loss.
EARTH QUANTITATIVE MODEL OF VAPOR DOMINATED GEOTHERMAL RESERVOIRS AS IN FRACTURED

We present a numerical model of vapor-dominated reservoirs which is based on the well-known conceptual model of White, Muffler, and Truesdell. Computer simulations show that upon heat recharge at the base a single phase liquid-dominated geothermal reservoir in fractured rock with low matrix permea bility will evolve into a two-phase reservoir with B.P.D. (boiling point-for-depth) pressure and temper ature profiles. A rather limited discharge event through cracks in the caprock, involving loss of only a few percent of fluids in place, is sufficient to set the system off to evolve a vapor-dominated state. The attributes of this state are discussed, and some features requiring further clarification are identified.
-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency a with Activation in Monocytes from Individuals Evidence for Unfolded Protein Response

The hereditary disorder a -1 antitrypsin (AAT) deﬁciency results from mutations in the SERPINA1 gene and presents with emphysema in young adults and liver disease in childhood. The most common form of AAT deﬁciency occurs because of the Z mutation, causing the protein to fold aberrantly and accumulate in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). This leads to ER stress and contributes signiﬁcantly to the liver disease associated with the condition. In addition to hepatocytes, AAT is also synthesized by monocytes, neutrophils, and epithelial cells. In this study we show for the ﬁrst time that the unfolded protein response (UPR) is activated in quiescent monocytes from ZZ individuals. Activating transcription factor 4, X-box binding protein 1, and a subset of genes involved in the UPR are increased in monocytes from ZZ compared with MM individuals. This contributes to an inﬂammatory phenotype with ZZ monocytes exhibiting enhanced cytokine production and activation of the NF- k B pathway when compared with MM monocytes. In addition, we demonstrate intracellular accumulation of AAT within the ER of ZZ monocytes. These are the ﬁrst data showing that Z AAT protein accumulation induces UPR activation in peripheral blood monocytes. These ﬁndings change the current paradigm regarding lung inﬂammation in AAT deﬁciency, which up until now was derived from the protease–anti-protease hypothesis, but which now must include the exaggerated inﬂammatory response generated by accumulated aberrantly folded AAT in circulating blood cells. The Journal of Immunology , 2010, 184: 000–000. Akt is phosphorylated and I k B a degraded in monocytes from ZZ individuals