Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On separable decompositions of quantum states with strong positive partial transposes

We analyze a class of positive partial transpose (PPT) states such that the positivity of its partial transposition is recognized with respect to the canonical factorization of the original density operator (Cholesky block decomposition). We call such PPT states strong PPT (SPPT) states. This property, in contrast to PPT, is basis dependent. It is shown that there exists a proper subset of SPPT states which are separable and provide a separable decomposition for any of these states.
Entanglement detection using majorization uncertainty bounds

Entanglement detection criteria are developed within the framework of the majorization formulation of uncertainty. The primary results are two theorems asserting linear and nonlinear separability criteria based on majorization relations, the violation of which would imply entanglement. Corollaries to these theorems yield infinite sets of scalar entanglement detection criteria based on quasi-entropic measures of disorder. Examples are analyzed to probe the efficacy of the derived criteria in detecting the entanglement of bipartite Werner states. Characteristics of the majorization relation as a comparator of disorder uniquely suited to information-theoretical applications are emphasized throughout.
Cosmology of the DFSZ axino

We study the cosmological impact of the supersymmetric DFSZ axion model. Extending recent works, we first provide a comprehensive analysis of thermal production of the DFSZ axino considering all the possible scattering, decay and inverse decay processes depending on various mass parameters and the reheat temperature. Although it is hard for the DFSZ axino to be in thermal equilibrium, its coupling is still large enough to generate huge axino population which can turn into overabundant neutralino density. We examine the neutralino parameter space to identify the dark matter property depending on the Peccei-Quinn scale. As the Peccei-Quinn scale becomes higher resulting in longer axino lifetime, the neutralino dark matter appears in a lighter Higgsino-like LSP region or a more restricted Bino-like LSP region allowing a resonant annihilation through a CP-odd Higgs boson to meet stronger reannihilation.
PULSAR PAIR CASCADES IN A DISTORTED MAGNETIC DIPOLE FIELD

We investigate the effect of a distorted neutron star dipole magnetic field on pulsar pair cascade multiplicity and pair death lines. Using a simple model for a distorted dipole field that produces an offset polar cap (PC), we derive the accelerating electric field above the PC in space-charge-limited flow. We find that even a modest azimuthally asymmetric distortion can significantly increase the accelerating electric field on one side of the PC and, combined with a smaller field line radius of curvature, leads to larger pair multiplicity. The death line for producing pairs by curvature radiation moves downward in the P– diagram, allowing high pair multiplicities in a larger percentage of the radio pulsar population. These results could have important implications for the radio pulsar population, high energy pulsed emission, and the pulsar contribution to cosmic ray positrons.
The unusually strong coronal emission lines of SDSS J1055+5637

Many Seyfert galaxies display weak 'coronal' emission features corresponding to [Fe VII], [Fe XI] and [Fe XIV] in their optical spectra, whereas elsewhere these lines seem to be entirely absent. These lines appear to highlight zones in the nucleus irradiated by high-energy photons. The presence of these zones and the conditions therein as determined by the relative line strengths and profiles impose important constraints on the physical models of active galactic nuclei, and Seyferts in particular. In 2009 the discovery was announced of the highly unusual spectrum of SDSS J0952+2143, where the coronal lines are exceptionally strong. This paper presents a second object with abnormally strong coronal features, SDSS J1055+5637. The spectrum, line ratios and related parameters are compared to those of SDSS J0952+2143, three AGN with moderate coronal lines and one where the coronal lines are missing altogether. Possible mechanisms are discussed that may account for the stronger than usual coronal features.
Configuration-dependent reflection induced by dissipated localized modes

We study the one-photon scattering problem for a super-cavity (SC) coupling with two two-level atoms. With atomic decay, photon reflection shows a sudden drop at only for the two atoms in the node-antinode configuration. The underlying mechanism is attributed to the fact that the scatterer has a configuration-dependent localized dissipated eigen-mode at . In the node-antinode configuration, the eigen-mode localized at the input side, through which the photon can enter into the SC, then excites the atom at the node and finally leaks into the reservoir due to atomic decay. In this way, a sudden drop emerges at in photon reflection. In the antinode-node case, however, the eigen-mode is localized at the output side, so the photon is completely reflected at . A similar phenomenon has been observed in a recent experiment of X-ray quantum optics (Röhlsberger R. et al., Nature, 482 (2012) 199) but with a complicated explanation due to electromagnetically induced transparency.
Fire and smoke detection for easy deployment on mobile device based on improved YOLOv5

Conflagration has occurred more and more frequently nowadays. It is important to detect the fire or smoke real-time in order to give people warnings earlier to prevent the disaster. This paper aims at the problem of precise and economical detecting large fire, from forest fire to cigarettes. In order to maximize the performance of YOLOv5, the structure of its network is replaced by MobileNetV2. Compared with the original YOLOv5, the new neural network performs better in some area on both mobile device and PC. The accuracy of fire detection using YOLOv5-MOB increases 6.7%, the accuracy of smoke detection decreases 9.1%, the speed slows down 4.4%, and little overlapped boxes in detection results in PC. While the accuracy of fire detection using YOLOv5-MOB increases 0.2%, the accuracy of smoke detection decreases 0.8%, the detection speed up 5.2% using CPU and 5.4% using GPU compared with YOLOv5 in mobile device. This makes detection of conflagration more easily and economically in mobile devices.
Cobordisms of global quotient orbifolds and an equivariant Pontrjagin-Thom construction

We introduce an equivariant Pontrjagin-Thom construction which identifies equivariant cohomotopy classes with certain fixed point bordism classes. This provides a concrete geometric model for equivariant cohomotopy which works for any compact Lie group G. In the special case when G is finite or a torus, we show that our construction recovers the construction of Wasserman, providing a new perspective on equivariant bordism. We connect the results with bordisms of global quotient orbifolds, utilizing the machinery of Gepner-Henriques to describe bordisms of framed orbifolds in terms of equivariant cohomotopy. We also illustrate the utility of the theory by applying our results to M-theory, thus connecting with recent work of Huerta, Sati and Schreiber.
A compactification of outer space which is an absolute retract

We define a new compactification of outer space $CV_N$ (the \emph{Pacman compactification}) which is an absolute retract, for which the boundary is a $Z$-set. The classical compactification $\overline{CV_N}$ made of very small $F_N$-actions on $\mathbb{R}$-trees, however, fails to be locally $4$-connected as soon as $N\ge 4$. The Pacman compactification is a blow-up of $\overline{CV_N}$, obtained by assigning an orientation to every arc with nontrivial stabilizer in the trees.
Mathematical Communication and Students' Epistemological Beliefs of Linear Systems with Three Variables

Epistemological beliefs simultaneously affect mathematical communication skills. The higher the epistemological beliefs of a person's ability to formulate concepts, convey ideas, and hone ideas to convince others, the more mathematical communication skills will increase. This qualitative study uses three variables to describe mathematical communication and students' epistemological beliefs on linear system material. The subjects in this study were students who had epistemological beliefs from the test results, and students who were taken were students who were able to meet the indicators of epistemological confidence. Data collection techniques are tests, interviews and documentation. The results of this study indicate that students have beliefs that do not change or remain in solving test questions. The method used is more consistent with the way of solving, which according to students, is easy to do, able to solve problems by multiplying exercises and repeating what has been learned, solving problems by following the steps and methods of completion taught by the teacher, students can estimate answers or problem solving because of problems The subject obtained is obtained from experience and observations in everyday life.
Recent Insights into Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Cardiovascular Diseases

Neutrophils are primary effector cells of the innate immune system. Emerging evidence has consistently shown that activated neutrophils produce and release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) that play roles in immunity and non-infectious diseases. NETs are composed of DNA and proteins and serve as a structural platform for pathogen sequestration and degradation. In contrast to their protective role during pathogenic infection, NETs are pathologically involved in cardiovascular disease (CVD). In this review, we introduce the formation, release, and clearance of NETs and the regulatory mechanisms of NETs formation, followed by an overview of the clinical evidence for the involvement of NETs in CVD. Because atherosclerosis is a fundamental part of the pathogenesis of CVD, we chose to focus on the mechanisms by which NETs promote endothelial cell damage and collaborate with macrophages and platelets to accelerate plaque progression and thrombosis. Finally, we present options for clinical intervention to inhibit NETs production and release in the treatment of CVD. In conclusion, this review integrates the latest findings and provides new insights into NETs, which represent a novel biomarker and therapeutic target in clinical practice.
T-S fuzzy-model-based adaptive cruise control for longitudinal car-following considering vehicle lateral stability

Adaptive cruise control is one of the essential technologies of advanced driver assistance systems, which is used to maintain a safe distance between an ego vehicle and a preceding vehicle and has been extensively applied in the automotive industry and control community. Note that some vehicle manoeuvres may approach handling limits to prevent collisions under complex road conditions, which often leads to vehicle lateral instability while cruising. In this study, a T-S fuzzy model predictive control framework is applied to the problem of adaptive cruise control. Variations in the preceding vehicle velocity and road surface conditions are considered to formulate adaptive cruise control as a tracking control problem of a T-S fuzzy system subject to parameter uncertainties and external persistent perturbations. Then, a robust positively invariant set is introduced to derive an admissible T-S fuzzy controller by solving a min-max optimization problem under a series of linear matrix inequality constraints. Finally, a CarSim/MATLAB joint simulation is conducted to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, which ensures longitudinal adaptive cruise control for a car-following scenario with lateral vehicle stability.
A generalization of the Voiculescu theorem for normal operators in semifinite von Neumann algebras

In this paper, we provide a generalized version of the Voiculescu theorem for normal operators by showing that, in a von Neumann algebra with separable pre-dual and a faithful normal semifinite tracial weight $\tau$, a normal operator is an arbitrarily small $(\max\{\|\cdot\|, \Vert\cdot\Vert_{2}\})$-norm perturbation of a diagonal operator. Furthermore, in a countably decomposable, properly infinite von Neumann algebra with a faithful normal semifinite tracial weight, we prove that each self-adjoint operator can be diagonalized modulo norm ideals satisfying a natural condition.
Tracing the ISM magnetic field morphology: the potential of multi-wavelength polarization measurements

$\textit{Aims. }$ We present a case study to demonstrate the potential of multi-wavelength polarization measurements. The aim is to investigate the effects that dichroic polarization and thermal re-emission have on tracing the magnetic field in the interstellar medium (ISM). Furthermore, we analyze the crucial influence of imperfectly aligned compact dust grains on the resulting synthetic continuum polarization maps. $\\ \textit{Methods. }$ We developed an extended version of the well-known 3D Monte-Carlo radiation transport code MC3D for multi-wavelength polarization simulations running on an adaptive grid.We investigated the interplay between radiation, magnetic fields and dust grains. Our results were produced by post-processing both ideal density distributions and sophisticated magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) collapse simulations with radiative transfer simulations. We derived spatially resolved maps of intensity, optical depth, and linear and circular polarization at various inclination angles and scales in a wavelength range from 7 $\mu m$ to 1 $mm$. $\\ \textit{Results. }$ We predict unique patterns in linear and circular polarization maps for different types of density distributions and magnetic field morphologies for test setups and sophisticated MHD collapse simulations. We show that alignment processes of interstellar dust grains can significantly influence the resulting synthetic polarization maps. Multi-wavelength polarization measurements allow one to predict the morphology of the magnetic field inside the ISM. The interpretation of polarization measurements of complex structures still remains ambiguous because of the large variety of the predominant parameters in the ISM.
How to generate as many Somos-like miracles as you wish†

Jacobi said ‘man muss immer umkehren’. And indeed it takes a genius like Michael Somos to take a specific nonlinear recurrence, like a(n) = (a(n − 1)a(n − 3)+a(n − 2)2)/a(n − 4), subject to a(1) = 1, a(2) = 1, a(3) = 1, a(4) = 1, and observe that surprise–surprise, they always generate integers. Then it takes other geniuses to actually prove this fact (and the more general so-called Laurent phenomenon). But let us follow Jacobi's advise and go backwards. Rather than try to shoot a target 50 m away, and most probably miss it, let us shoot first, and then draw the bull's eye. Then we are guaranteed to be champion target-shooters. So let us take a sequence of integers that manifestly and obviously only consists of integers, and ask our beloved computers to find nonlinear recurrences satisfied by the sequence itself, or by well-defined subsequences.
THE STAR FORMATION RATE FUNCTION FOR REDSHIFT z ∼ 4–7 GALAXIES: EVIDENCE FOR A UNIFORM BUILDUP OF STAR-FORMING GALAXIES DURING THE FIRST 3 Gyr OF COSMIC TIME

We combine recent estimates of dust extinction at z ∼ 4–7 with UV luminosity function (LF) determinations to derive star formation rate (SFR) functions at z ∼ 4–7. SFR functions provide a more physical description of galaxy buildup at high redshift and allow for direct comparisons to SFRs at lower redshifts determined by a variety of techniques. Our SFR functions are derived from well-established z ∼ 4–7 UV LFs, UV-continuum slope trends with redshift and luminosity, and infrared excess (IRX)–β relations. They are well described by Schechter relations. We extend the comparison baseline for SFR functions to z ∼ 2 by considering recent determinations of the Hα and mid-IR LFs. The low-end slopes of the SFR functions are flatter than for the UV LFs, Δα ∼ +0.13, and show no clear evolution with cosmic time (z ∼ 0–7). In addition, we find that the characteristic value SFR* from the Schechter fit to the SFR function exhibits consistent, and substantial, linear growth as a function of redshift from ∼5 M☉ yr−1 at z ∼ 8, 650 Myr after the big bang, to ∼100 M☉ yr−1 at z ∼ 2, ∼2.5 Gyr later. Recent results at z ∼ 10, close to the onset of galaxy formation, are consistent with this trend. The uniformity of this evolution is even greater than seen in the UV LF over the redshift range z ∼ 2–8, providing validation for our dust corrections. These results provide strong evidence that galaxies build up uniformly over the first 3 Gyr of cosmic time.
On representations of ${\rm GL}_{2n}(F)$ with a symplectic period

The main aim of this paper is to classify the irreducible admissible representations of ${\rm GL}_{4}(F)$ and ${\rm GL}_{6}(F)$ for a nonarchimedean local field $F$, which bear a nontrivial linear form invariant under the groups ${\rm Sp}_{4}(F)$ and ${\rm Sp}_{6}(F)$ respectively. We propose a few conjectures for the general case.
Primordial tensor power spectrum in holonomy corrected $\Omega$ loop quantum cosmology

The holonomy correction is one of the main terms arising when implementing loop quantum gravity ideas at an effective level in cosmology. The recent construction of an anomaly free algebra has shown that the formalism used, up to now, to derive the primordial spectrum of fluctuations was not correct. This article aims at computing the tensor spectrum in a fully consistent way within this deformed and closed algebra.
Low variance at large scales of WMAP 9 year data

We use an optimal estimator to study the variance of the WMAP 9 CMB field at low resolution, in both temperature and polarization. Employing realistic Monte Carlo simulation, we find statistically significant deviations from the ΛCDM model in several sky cuts for the temperature field. For the considered masks in this analysis, which cover at least the 54% of the sky, the WMAP 9 CMB sky and ΛCDM are incompatible at ≥ 99.94% C.L. at large angles ( > 5°). We find instead no anomaly in polarization. As a byproduct of our analysis, we present new, optimal estimates of the WMAP 9 CMB angular power spectra from the WMAP 9 year data at low resolution.
Large‐scale outflows from z≃ 0.7 starburst galaxies identified via ultrastrong Mg ii quasar absorption lines

Star formation driven outflows are a critically important phenomenon in theoretical treatments of galaxy evolution, despite the limited ability of observational studies to trace galactic winds across cosmological time-scales. It has been suggested that the strongest Mg ii absorption-line systems detected in the spectra of background quasars might arise in outflows from foreground galaxies. If confirmed, such ‘ultrastrong’ Mg ii (USMg ii) absorbers would represent a method to identify significant numbers of galactic winds over a huge baseline in cosmic time, in a manner independent of the luminous properties of the galaxy. To this end, we present the first detailed imaging and spectroscopic study of the fields of two USMg ii absorber systems culled from a statistical absorber catalogue, with the goal of understanding the physical processes leading to the large velocity spreads that define such systems. Each field contains two bright emission-line galaxies at similar redshift (Δv≲ 300 km s−1) to that of the absorption. Lower limits on their instantaneous star formation rates (SFRs) from the observed [O ii] and Hβ line fluxes, and stellar masses from spectral template fitting indicate specific SFRs among the highest for their masses at these redshifts. Additionally, their 4000-A break and Balmer absorption strengths imply they have undergone recent (∼0.01–1 Gyr) starbursts. The concomitant presence of two rare phenomena – starbursts and USMg ii absorbers – strongly implies a causal connection. We consider these data and USMg ii absorbers in general in the context of various popular models, and conclude that galactic outflows are generally necessary to account for the velocity extent of the absorption. We favour starburst-driven outflows over tidally stripped gas from a major interaction, which triggered the starburst as the energy source for the majority of systems. Finally, we discuss the implications of these results and speculate on the overall contribution of such systems to the global SFR density at z≃ 0.7.
Advanced Control Systems in Industry 5.0 Enabling Process Mining

This paper merges new research topics in Industry 5.0 using the Business Process Modeling and Notation (BPMN) approach able to integrate Artificial Intelligence (AI) in production processes. The goal is to provide an innovative approach to model production management in industry, adopting a new “proof of concept” of advanced Process Mining (PM) automatizing decisions and optimizing machine setting and maintenance interventions. Advanced electronic sensing and actuation systems, integrating supervised and unsupervised AI algorithms, are embedded in the PM model as theoretical process workflows suggested by a Decision Support System (DSS) engine enabling an intelligent decision-making procedure. The paper discusses, as examples, two theoretical models applied to specific industry sectors, such as food processing and energy production. The proposed work provides important elements of engineering management related to the digitalization of production process matching with automated control systems setting production parameters, thus enabling the self-adapting of product quality supervision and production efficiency in modern industrial systems.
TRANSFORMATION LAWS OF THE COMPONENTS OF CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM FIELDS AND HEISENBERG RELATIONS

This paper recalls and shows the origin of the transformation laws of the components of classical and quantum fields. They are considered from the "standard" and fiber bundle point of view. The results are applied to the derivation of the Heisenberg relations in quite general setting, in particular, in the fiber bundle approach. All conclusions are illustrated in a case of transformations induced by the Poincare group.
Numerical study of Kapitza pendulum

A driven pendulum with vertical oscillations of pendulum support (Kapitza pendulum) possesses a number of unusual properties and is a popular object of both analytical and numerical studies. Although some spectacular results can be obtained, such as the vertical position of the pendulum under certain conditions might become stable, no explicit analytical solution for the pendulum trajectory is known. We carry out a numerical study of Kapitza pendulum for a number of different physical regimes. Comparison is made with the limiting cases where the exact solution is known.
Alignments in quasar polarizations: Pseudoscalar-photon mixing in the presence of correlated magnetic fields

We investigate the effects of pseudoscalar-photon mixing on electromagnetic radiation in the presence of correlated extragalactic magnetic fields. We model the Universe as a collection of magnetic domains and study the propagation of radiation through them. This leads to correlations between Stokes parameters over large scales and consistently explains the observed large-scale alignment of quasar polarizations at different redshifts within the framework of the big bang model.
Design of High-Gain Single-Layer Endfire Antenna Using Phase-Reversed Asymmetric Spoof Surface Plasmon Polaritons

We present a novel endfire antenna based on asymmetric spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SSPPs) and phase-reversal technique. SSPPs structure allows it to be fabricated on a single-layer printed circuit board. Asymmetric SSPPs elements were employed to fulfill the condition of endfire radiation, and meanwhile, phase-reversal technique provides a high gain for the antenna. To verify the proposed design principle, a prototype was fabricated and measured. It exhibits a peak gain of 16.2 dBi within the operational frequency band of 17–19 GHz, featuring the highest endfire gain among all single-layer designs.