Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Delay-Optimized Multicast Tree Packing in Software-Defined Networks

In traditional networks, the multicast tree packing solutions usually aim to minimize the overall multicast tree cost, which can effectively improve network accommodation capacity but is disadvantageous to fully use network resources. In this article, we propose a delay-optimized multicast tree packing problem called delivery delay minimized multicast tree packing (DDMMTP), which aims to minimize the average source-destination delay, under constraints on the bandwidth and maximum source-destination delay, according to available network resources. A low source-destination delay is desirable because it improves the service quality, especially for time-sensitive applications. In practice, the DDMMTP is highly valuable for the software-defined network (SDN) mainly because this new network paradigm has the ability to rapidly rearrange multicast routes on demand. The DDMMTP problem is NP-hard. We solve it approximately by a batched multicast tree packing algorithm and a network accommodation capacity improvement algorithm that adjusts existing multicast paths on demand. We also propose a source-destination delay improvement algorithm to further reduce source-destination delays based on new available network resources.
Comprehensive Evaluations on the Error Characteristics of the State‐of‐the‐Art Gridded Precipitation Products Over Jiangxi Province in 2019

Accurate knowledge of the precipitation estimates with high quality and fine spatiotemporal resolutions is crucial to the precipitation science communities, especially over poorly gauged regions. In this study, we apply various validation metrics to comprehensively evaluate three latest model‐based and satellite‐based precipitation products, namely the fifth‐generation global atmospheric analysis data set of the European Center for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) (ERA5), ERA5‐Land and Integrated Multi‐satellitE Retrievals for Global Precipitation Measurement (IMERG) Final Run (IMERG‐Final), against hourly rain gauge observations over Jiangxi province, south central China, in 2019. The main conclusions of this study include but not limited to: (a) considering the precipitation amount, both reanalysis precipitation data and satellite‐based precipitation products have similar spatial patterns and show overestimations; (b) IMERG‐Final generally outperforms ERA5 and ERA5‐Land at multiple temporal scales, especially in terms of CC, FAR and MFI; (c) ERA5 and ERA5‐Land precipitation products have similar spatiotemporal error characteristics, and ERA5‐Land performs better than ERA5; (d) in the respect of the capabilities of capturing precipitation events, the spatial characteristics of IMERG‐Final are the closest to those of rain gauges, while ERA5 and ERA5‐Land significantly overestimate the event duration and underestimate the mean event precipitation rate. These findings could help the state‐of‐the‐art model‐based and satellite‐based precipitation products improve the data quality in the future generations.
Fishmeal Replacement with Hermetia illucens Meal in Aquafeeds: Effects on Zebrafish Growth Performances, Intestinal Morphometry, and Enzymology

Fishmeal (FM) is still the most important protein source in aquafeeds. However, due to the reduction of wild fish stocks used for FM production, its manufacturing it is now unsustainable. Insect meal represents a valid alternative to FM, due to the low carbon footprint of its production and its high nutritional value. The aim of this study was to investigate the potentials of replacing FM with black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) meal (HIM) in aquafeeds, using zebrafish as the animal model. Four diets were formulated with increasing HIM/FM replacement rate (the control diet contained 20% FM). Mortality rates, growth performances, and feed consumptions were measured, and fish intestine samples were collected for histological and enzymatic analysis. After 49 days, all groups almost tripled their initial body weight (cumulative body weight gain ranged between 143.9 and 155.2 mg), and no statistically significant differences among treatments were observed in relation to growth performances and histological traits. Contrarily, trypsin, alkaline phosphatases, and alpha amylase–glucoamylase activities were significantly reduced when the FM replacement rate was increased. In conclusion, HIM may represent an alternative to FM, since no adverse effects were observed when it was included up to 20% in the zebrafish diet, even when replacing 100% of the FM.
Detection Model on Fatigue Driving Behaviors Based on the Operating Parameters of Freight Vehicles

Whether in developing or developed countries, traffic accidents caused by freight vehicles are responsible for more than 10% of deaths of all traffic accidents. Fatigue driving is one of the main causes of freight vehicle accidents. Existing fatigue driving studies mostly use vehicle operating data from experiments or simulation data, exposing certain drawbacks in the validity and reliability of the models used. This study collected a large quantity of real driving data to extract sample data under different fatigue degrees. The parameters of vehicle operating data were selected based on significant driver fatigue degrees. The k-nearest neighbor algorithm was used to establish the detection model of fatigue driving behaviors, taking into account influence of the number of training samples and other parameters in the accuracy of fatigue driving behavior detection. With the collected operating data of 50 freight vehicles in the past month, the fatigue driving behavior detection models based on the k-nearest neighbor algorithm and the commonly used BP neural network proposed in this paper were tested, respectively. The analysis results showed that the accuracy of both models are 75.9%, but the fatigue driving detection model based on the k-nearest neighbor algorithm is more reliable.
International Accounting Standards (IAS). Transition of Existing to New Accounting Standards in a Rapid Changing Environment. The Impact of Adoption of New Accounting Standards in the Developed Economies in European Union. Conclusions, Expectations and Perspectives

Adopting a set of accounting standards on a global level derives from the growing globalization of international economies. However, the transition from old to new ones is challenging in a rapidly changing economic environment. This article presents an assessment of IFRS 8 (Operating Segments) adoption, after replacing IAS 14 (Segment Reporting), and examines the impact occurred in the developed economies within the EU, with relevant considerations referring to the current COVID-19 global pandemic situation.This study analyzes the effect of this controversial standard on segment reporting and attempts to identify the determinants of changes in disclosure practices. Based on a four country sample, the current research identifies specific significant financial information changes, although segmentation remains relatively stable. Furthermore, the study includes relevant considerations on reporting, as reflected from current COVID-19 pandemic.The present research includes a historical reference to the development of the accounting standards under examination. Conclusions, expectations, and future perspectives are also presented in the paper.
Global finite‐time stabilization of a class of perturbed planar systems with actuator saturation and disturbances

This paper addresses the problem of global finite‐time stabilization for a class of planar nonlinear systems subject to actuator saturation and bounded disturbances. A singularity‐free integral sliding mode surface is first developed by geometric homogeneity technique and then a simple saturated robust control is proposed. Global finite‐time stabilization is proved with geometric homogeneity technique and Lyapunov's stability theory. The conditions on control gains ensuring global finite‐time stability and avoidance of actuator saturation are explicitly given. Advantages of the proposed control include simple and intuitive structure, global finite‐time stability featuring faster transient and higher steady‐state stabilization, and the ability to avoid actuator saturation by selecting the control gains a priori. Simulations show the improved performance of the proposed approach.
Influential Factors in Patients with Periodontitis and Diabetes Mellitus Type II

La enfermedad periodontal (EP) es un proceso multifactorial y progresivo que degenera en un tiempo determinado los tejidos alrededor de los dientes; esta se clasifica según su progresión en gingivitis y periodontitis, siendo la periodontitis la última y más agravante instancia de esta enfermedad. La diabetes es una enfermedad crónica e irreversible del metabolismo que afecta los niveles de azúcar del cuerpo; se clasifica en tipo I o insulinodependiente (más común en personas jóvenes), tipo II o no insulinodependiente (más común en personas adultas), y otra variedad conocida como diabetes gestacional (o del embarazo). Se cree que factores como estado socioeconómico, genética, tabaquismo y otras condiciones sistémicas tienen influencia en el control de la enfermedad periodontal y la diabetes, y se afirma que existe una relación bidireccional entre estas dos entidades. Este artículo de revisión pretende ser una herramienta de actualización para profesionales interesados en el tema. En la relación bidireccional que existe entre estas dos patologías hay una injerencia de ciertos factores como el tabaquismo; otras condiciones sistémicas como la obesidad y el embarazo; así como también algunas interacciones medicamentosas. La diabetes mellitus constituye un factor de riesgo para la periodontitis y, al mismo tiempo, el control metabólico de estos pacientes se hace difícil en presencia de periodontitis, poniendo de relieve no solo la relación entre estas dos entidades, sino la importancia de conocerla, con el fin de poder actuar dentro de un equipo interdisciplinario que conlleve a unos mejores resultados en salud para los pacientes afectados.
Remunicipalisation, Mutating Neoliberalism, and the Conjuncture

There is a growing interest in the progressive potential of remunicipalisation, a global trend for towns, cities, and even subnational regions to take formerly privatised assets and services back into public ownership. In this paper, we offer a novel conceptualisation of remunicipalisation, developing a spatialised conjunctural perspective through critical engagement with the work of Stuart Hall, Antonio Gramsci, and recent geographical scholarship on political economy transitions. This draws attention to the open, dynamic, political, and spatially diverse aspects of remunicipalisation as part of a mutating process of neoliberalism. Emphasising the conjunctural insight of neoliberalism’s shifting and variegated terrain on which progressive forces have to mobilise, our theorisation has implications for left political strategy and broader transformative projects against a backdrop of global economic, social, and ecological crisis.
Modelling Forest Growth Indices on Vegetation Pattern Formation

Forest dynamics is mostly concerned with the changes in forest structure and composition over time, including its behavior in response to anthropogenic and natural destructions which is one of the primary evidence of forest change. This study presents the dynamics of vegetation pattern formation taken into account all the interaction measure indices such as light, water, temperature and nutrients fertility. Michaelis-Menten Kinetics and a Continuous-Time Markov (CTM) method were employed to determine plant metabolism responses to all the inputs. The Continuous-Time Markov (CTM) technique was then used to obtain a simple plant growth component by synthesizing the four - measure indices or resources (light, water and nutrients and temperature). Stability analysis of the formulated model was carried out to determine the possible phase regions associated with the various stability states for a sufficiently precise representation of the essential features of the model. Results of the β values for the spatial patterns obtained indicate association or interaction among the various soil fertility levels under different water conditions. For instance, a β value of 0.05605 represents control fertility under arid conditions, indicates a vegetation pattern with numerous and wider patches of bare or almost bare land compared to patterns exhibited by the other fertility levels.
Changes in Device-Measured Physical Activity Patterns in U.K. Adults Related to the First COVID-19 Lockdown

The response to COVID-19 resulted in behavioral restrictions to tackle the spread of infection. Initial data indicates that step counts were impacted by lockdown restrictions; however, there is little evidence regarding changes of light and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) behavioral intensities. In this study, participants were asked to provide longitudinal wearable data from Fitbit devices over a period of 30 weeks, from December 2019 to June 2020. Self-assessed key worker status was captured, along with wearable estimates of steps, light activity, and MVPA. Bayesian change point analyses of data from 97 individuals found that there was a sharp decrease of 1,473 steps (95% credible interval [CI] [−2,218, −709]) and light activity minutes (41.9; 95% CI [−54.3, −29.3]), but an increase in MVPA minutes (11.7; 95% CI [2.9, 19.4]) in the mean weekly totals for nonkey workers. For the key workers, the total number of steps (207; 95% CI [−788, 1,456]) and MVPA minutes increased (20.5; 95% CI [12.6, 28.3]) but light activity decreased by an average of 46.9 min (95% CI [−61.2, −31.8]). Interestingly, the change in steps was commensurate with that observed during Christmas (1,458; 95% CI [−2,286, −554]) for nonkey workers and behavioral changes occurred at different time points and rates depending on key worker status. Results indicate that there were clear behavioral modifications before and during the initial COVID-19 lockdown period, and future research should assess whether any behavioral modifications were sustained over time.
Image Denoising Based on Statistical Nearest Neighbor and Wave Atom Transform

: In this research, a hybrid multiresolution method is proposed for image denoising, which is the combination of Statistical Nearest Neighbor (SNN) and Wave Atom Transform (WAT) approaches. The proposed model captures both patterns across oscillation and coherence of the pattern along with the oscillations. In this research, KODAK database is utilized for analyzing the proposed model performance, where the acquired color images are contaminated with Gaussian noise of σϵ [5,10,15,20,25,35,40 and 50] and noise range (0, 0.1, 0.35, 0.65, 0.8. 0.9, and 1.0). The denoising performance of the SNN-WAT model is analyzed by means of Gradient Magnitude Similarity Deviation (GMSD), Feature Similarity Index (FSIM), FSIM with chromatic information ( FSIM C ), Structural Similarity Index (SSIM), Mean SSIM index (MSSIM) and Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR). In the experimental phase, proposed SNN-WAT model averagely enhanced maximum of 4 dB and minimum of 0.1 dB of PSNR compared to the existing models like Non-Local-Means (NLM) with SNN technique.
The Legacy of Conflict: Reconstruction and Migration in the Aftermath of Civil War in Tajikistan

How do civil war and subsequent reconstruction efforts affect international migration? Although a wealth of evidence points to violent conflict’s effects on contemporaneous migration and although a rich body of literature examines development’s effects on migration, we know less about the intersection of conflict, development, and migration. This article examines the intersection of these factors nearly a decade after the 1992–1997 civil war in Tajikistan, combining data from the 2007 Tajikistan Living Standards Survey, the Uppsala Conflict Data Program, and original interviews. In a series of logistic regression models, I show that conflict fatalities do not have a direct effect on subsequent migration, while the number of years a district has had a development resource center directly increases the likelihood of migrating. However, the interaction between development and conflict is negative and significant. These findings suggest that conflict’s legacy does not directly impact the likelihood of respondents migrating but instead changes the nature of the relationship between development and migration. This finding illuminates conflict’s potential long-term consequences for migration and extends the migration-development nexus by addressing the role of conflict in the relationship between development and migration. In particular, it suggests that migration research in conflict-affected countries should incorporate measures of both conflict and development, even after a given conflict has ended.
The Poverty and Distributional Impacts of Carbon Pricing: Channels and Policy Implications

Addressing the poverty and distributional impacts of carbon pricing reforms is critical for the success of ambitious actions in the fight against climate change—from both the political economy perspective and the social welfare perspective. This article systematically reviews the following four channels through which carbon pricing can potentially affect poverty and inequality: consumption, income, health, and revenue recycling. It finds that the channels differ in important ways along several dimensions; as such, a blanket assessment of whether carbon pricing is progressive or regressive may have limited value in informing policy designs. The article also identifies several key gaps in the current literature and discusses how policy designs could take into account the attributes of the channels in mitigating the impacts of carbon pricing reforms on households.
Supporting Those Who Love the Loathed: Trauma-Informed Support Groups for Family Members of Registered Sex Offenders

Social workers are typically empathic, but it can be challenging to offer compassionate care to those who harmed others and, by extension, to the people who love them. This article describes a trauma-informed support group intervention for family members of individuals required to register as sex offenders (RSOs). We begin with a brief overview of this unique population, review the empirical research exploring family members’ needs and the services available to them, and introduce the trauma-informed framework for our support group. We will then describe the group’s development and dynamics. Finally, we will highlight trauma-informed practice skills and tools for facilitating effective and empowering support services with this hidden and stigmatized population.
A Brief Review of Responsible AI and Socially Responsible Investment in Financial and Stock Trading

Automated trading is used in most of the major markets of our world. In order to ensure sustainable development, incorporating ethical and socially responsible ideas while designing these Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems has become a necessity. Both the industry and the academia are working towards Responsible AI, which can make Socially Responsible Investments (SRI). This paper reviews the research on SRI investment in the financial sector and evaluates these methods, which can help find future research directions in Computational Finance. This survey looks at the machine learning techniques used for ethical decision-making while stock or forex trading, which will benefit any further research work on Responsible AI in Finance.
Carbonated Hydroxyapatite-Based Honeycomb Scaffold Coatings on a Titanium Alloy for Bone Implant Application—Physicochemical and Mechanical Properties Analysis

In this work, carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHA) based on abalone mussel shells (Haliotis asinina) is synthesized using the co-precipitation method. The synthesized CHA was mixed with honeycomb (HCB) 40 wt. % for the scaffold fabrication process. CHA and scaffold CHA/HCB 40 wt. % were used for coating a Titanium (Ti) alloy using the electrophoretic deposition dip coating (EP2D) method with immersion times of 10, 20, and 30 min. The synthesized B-type CHA with a stirring time of 45 min could have lower transmittance values and smaller crystallite size. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) showed that the Ca/P molar ratio was 1.79. The scaffold CHA/HCB 40 wt. % had macropore size, micropore size, and porosity of 102.02 ± 9.88 μm, 1.08 ± 0.086 μm, and 66.36%, respectively, and therefore it can also be applied in the coating process for bone implant applications due to the potential scaffold for bone growth. Thus, it has the potential for coating on Ti alloy applications. In this study, the compressive strength for all immersion time variations was about 54–83 MPa. The average compression strengths of human cancellous bone were about 0.2–80 MPa. The thickness obtained was in accordance with the thickness parameters required for a coating of 50–200 μm.
Genomic Analysis of Molecular Bacterial Mechanisms of Resistance to Phage Infection

To optimize phage therapy, we need to understand how bacteria evolve against phage attacks. One of the main problems of phage therapy is the appearance of bacterial resistance variants. The use of genomics to track antimicrobial resistance is increasingly developed and used in clinical laboratories. For that reason, it is important to consider, in an emerging future with phage therapy, to detect and avoid phage-resistant strains that can be overcome by the analysis of metadata provided by whole-genome sequencing. Here, we identified genes associated with phage resistance in 18 Acinetobacter baumannii clinical strains belonging to the ST-2 clonal complex during a decade (Ab2000 vs. 2010): 9 from 2000 to 9 from 2010. The presence of genes putatively associated with phage resistance was detected. Genes detected were associated with an abortive infection system, restriction–modification system, genes predicted to be associated with defense systems but with unknown function, and CRISPR-Cas system. Between 118 and 171 genes were found in the 18 clinical strains. On average, 26% of these genes were detected inside genomic islands in the 2000 strains and 32% in the 2010 strains. Furthermore, 38 potential CRISPR arrays in 17 of 18 of the strains were found, as well as 705 proteins associated with CRISPR-Cas systems. A moderately higher presence of these genes in the strains of 2010 in comparison with those of 2000 was found, especially those related to the restriction–modification system and CRISPR-Cas system. The presence of these genes in genomic islands at a higher rate in the strains of 2010 compared with those of 2000 was also detected. Whole-genome sequencing and bioinformatics could be powerful tools to avoid drawbacks when a personalized therapy is applied. In this study, it allows us to take care of the phage resistance in A. baumannii clinical strains to prevent a failure in possible phage therapy.
Funktion und Struktur peripherer Nerven aus neuropädiatrischer Sicht: Wie klinische, neurophysiologische und Ultraschalluntersuchungen ergänzende diagnostische Informationen liefern

Zusammenfassung In der vorliegenden Übersicht wird dargestellt, wie sich klinisch neurophysiologische Methoden (Nervenleitgeschwindigkeit und Elektromyografie) und Ultraschalluntersuchungen (US) von peripheren Nerven bei der Abklärung von hereditären senso-motorischen Neuropathien (HMSN), der Friedreichschen Ataxie, erworbenen Neuropathien (am Beispiel von Diabetes mellitus) und traumatischen Nervenläsionen bei Kindern ergänzen können. Bei allen Formen der HMSN 1 kommt es zu einer Verlangsamung der Nervenleitgeschwindigkeit. Die Ultraschalluntersuchung zeigt nur bei HMSN1A eine deutlich vergrösserte Nervenquerschnittsfläche. Beim M. Friedreich können meist keine sensiblen Potentiale ausgelöst werden und die US-Resultate sind variabel. Bei traumatischen Nervenläsionen kann vor allem mithilfe der US-Untersuchung entschieden werden, ob eine operative Nervenrevision indiziert ist. Die erworbenen Neuropathien werden am Beispiel der diabetischen Neuropathie dargestellt. Die US- und die ENG Resultate sind oft abnorm, auch wenn klinisch keine Neuropathie-Symptome nachweisbar sind.