Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fat distribution measurements by chemical shift‐encoded transition region extraction predict the risk of hyperglycaemia, dyslipidaemia and metabolic syndrome in mice

Metabolically healthy or unhealthy obesity is closely related to metabolic syndrome (MetS). To validate a more accurate diagnostic method for obesity that reflects the risk of metabolic disorders in a pre‐clinical mouse model, C57BL/6J mice were fed high‐sucrose–high‐fat and chow diets for 12 weeks to induce obesity. MRI was performed and analysed by chemical shift‐encoded fat–water separation based on the transition region extraction method. Abdominal fat was divided into upper and lower abdominal regions at the horizontal lower border of the liver. Blood samples were collected, and the glucose level, lipid profile, liver function, HbA1c and insulin were tested. k‐means clustering and stepwise logistic regression were applied to validate the diagnosis of hyperglycaemia, dyslipidaemia and MetS, and to ascertain the predictive effect of MRI‐derived parameters to the metabolic disorders. Pearson or Spearman correlation was used to assess the relationship between MRI‐derived parameters and metabolic traits. The receiver‐operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic effect of each logistic regression model. A two‐sided p value less than 0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance for all tests. We made the precise diagnosis of obesity, dyslipidaemia, hyperglycaemia and MetS in mice. In all, 14 mice could be diagnosed as having MetS, and the levels of body weight, HbA1c, triglyceride, total cholesterol and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly higher than in the normal group. Upper abdominal fat better predicted dyslipidaemia (odds ratio, OR = 2.673; area under the receiver‐operating characteristic curve, AUCROC = 0.9153) and hyperglycaemia (OR = 2.456; AUCROC = 0.9454), and the abdominal visceral adipose tissue (VAT) was better for predicting MetS risk (OR = 1.187; AUCROC = 0.9619). We identified the predictive effect of fat volume and distribution in dyslipidaemia, hyperglycaemia and MetS. The upper abdominal fat played a better predictive role for the risk of dyslipidaemia and hyperglycaemia, and the abdominal VAT played a better predictive role for the risk of MetS.
A NEW ALGORITHM FOR THE TRIANGULATION OF INPUT–OUTPUT TABLES IN ECONOMICS

AbstractDeveloped by Leontief in the 1930s, input-output models have become an indispensable tool for economists and policy-makers. They provide a framework upon which researchers can systematically analyze the interrelations among the sectors of an economy. In an input-output model, a table is constructed where each entry represents the flow of goods between each pair of sectors. Special features of the structure of this matrix are revealed by a technique called triangulation. It is shown to be equivalent to the linear ordering problem (LOP), which is an $\mathcal{NP}$-hard combinatorial optimization problem. Due to its complexity, it is essential in practice to search for quick approximate (heuristic) algorithms for the linear ordering problem. In addition to the triangulation of input-output tables, the LOP has a wide range of applications in practice. In this chapter, we develop a new heuristic procedure to find high quality solutions for the LOP. The proposed algorithm is based on a Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedure (GRASP), which is one of the most effective heuristics for solving combinatorial and global optimization problems to date. We propose an improved solution technique by using a new local search scheme and integrating a path-relinking procedure for intensification. We tested our implementation on the set of 49 real-world instances of input-output tables in LOLIB22. In addition, we tested a set of 30 large randomly-generated instances due to Mitchell.18 Most of the LOLIB instances were solved to optimality within 0.87 seconds on average. The average gap for the Mitchell instances was 0.0173% with an average running time of 21.98 seconds. The results prove the efficiency and high-quality of the algorithm.
Tetracycline-mediated fluorescence correlates with passage number and β-galactosidase activity in HeLa and HEK293T cells

ABSTRACT We report data consistent with tetracycline-mediated fluorescence having the potential to be an effective marker of senescence in immortalised cells. HeLa cells that had previously undergone more than 20 passages were transiently transfected with a plasmid encoding a novel tetracycline-inducible transgene featuring an open reading frame for green fluorescent protein. While characterising the performance of this plasmid and transfection procedure, HeLa cell fluorescence was observed to result from incubating cells with media containing 2 μg/ml tetracycline alone, without plasmid or transfection reagent. To investigate this phenomenon further, HeLa and HEK293T cells were purchased from a tissue culture collection and after cultivation over 4-23 passages, incubated with media containing 2 μg/ml tetracycline. For both cell lines, tetracycline-mediated fluorescence increase correlated with passage number increase. This effect in HeLa and HEK293T cells was also borne out by expression of β-galactosidase activity, an imperfect but widely used marker of cellular senescence. These data suggest tetracycline may have utility as a marker of cellular senescence in immortal cells and can inform future investigation and validation of this previously unreported application for this reagent.
Reconciling recalled dates of developmental milestones, events and transitions : a mixed generalized linear model with random mean and variance functions

SUMMARY Reconciliation of conflicting reports on the dating of events has typically been approached as 'data cleaning'. We present an altemative approach of modelling discrepancies by a statistical measurement model. The model combines two explanations of 'telescoping', systematic compression of the timescale and heteroscedastic random measurement error. The model can be viewed as a mixed generalized linear model with random effects within both mean and variance functions, or alternatively as involving multiplicative random effects. We illustrate the model in the context of multiple mothers' reports of the onset of puberty in their daughters. Estimated by penalized or predictive quasi-likelihood, the model correctly distinguished the different mechanisms for telescoping and provided much improved estimates of the true age-of-onset distribution.
A novel application classification and its impact on network performance

Network traffic is believed to have a significant impact on network performance and is the result of the application operation on networks. Majority of current network performance analysis are based on the premise that the traffic transmission is through the shortest path, which is too simple to reflect a real traffic process. The real traffic process is related to the network application process characteristics, involving the realistic user behavior. In this paper, first, an application can be divided into the following three categories according to realistic application process characteristics: random application, customized application and routine application. Then, numerical simulations are carried out to analyze the effect of different applications on the network performance. The main results show that (i) network efficiency for the BA scale-free network is less than the ER random network when similar single application is loaded on the network; (ii) customized application has the greatest effect on .
Association Between Postoperative Methocarbamol and Postoperative Pain Opioid Dose Requirements

Objectives: We tested the hypothesis that patients who received methocarbamol postoperatively experience less severe pain and require smaller doses of opioids than those who did not receive methocarbamol. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing surgery involving the musculoskeletal system. Of 9089 patients, 704 received methocarbamol during 48 hours postoperatively, while 8385 did not receive methocarbamol. The patients who received methocarbamol postoperatively and the patients who did not receive methocarbamol were compared on the time-weighted average (TWA) pain score and opioid dose requirements in morphine milligram equivalents (MME) during the first 48 hours postoperatively, using propensity score-weighted regression models to adjusting for preoperative and intraoperative covariates. Results: Postoperative 48-hour TWA pain scores were 5.5±1.7 (mean±SD), and 4.3±2.1 for methocarbamol and non-methocarbamol patients. Postoperative 48-hour opioid dose requirements in MME were 276 [170–347] (median [interquartile range (IQR)]) mg, and 190 [60–248] mg for methocarbamol and non-methocarbamol patients. In propensity score-weighted regression models, receiving methocarbamol postoperatively was associated with 0.97-point higher postoperative TWA pain score (95% CI, 0.83–1.11; P<0.001), and 93.6-MME higher postoperative opioid dose requirements (95% CI, 79.9 to 107.4; P<0.001), compared with not receiving methocarbamol postoperatively. Discussion: Postoperative methocarbamol was associated with significantly higher acute postoperative pain burden and opioid dose requirements. Although the results of the study are influenced by residual confounding, they suggest a limited—if any—benefit of methocarbamol as an adjunct of postoperative pain management.
Transgenic murine models for the study of drug hypersensitivity reactions linked to HLA-I molecules

Purpose of review Immune-mediated drug hypersensitivity reactions (DHRs) can be life-threatening and an impediment to drug development. Mechanism of disease studies are difficult to perform in humans. Here we review human leukocyte antigens class I (HLA-I) transgenic murine models and highlight how these systems have helped to elucidate drug-specific and host immune factors that initiate, propagate and control severe drug toxicities to skin and liver. Recent findings HLA transgenic mice have been developed and used to study immune-mediated drug reactions in vitro and in vivo. CD8+ T cells from HLA-B∗57:01-expressing mice respond strongly to abacavir (ABC) in vitro but have self-limited responses to drug exposure in vivo. Immune tolerance can be overcome by depleting regulatory T cells (Treg) allowing antigen-presenting dendritic cells to express CD80/86 costimulatory molecules and signal through CD28 on the CD8+ T cell. Depletion of Treg also removes competition for interleukin 2 (IL-2) to allow T cell expansion and differentiation. Fine tuning of responses depends on inhibitory checkpoint molecules such as PD-1. Improved mouse models express only HLA in the absence of PD-1. These models show enhanced liver injury to flucloxacillin (FLX) which depends on drug priming, CD4+ T cell depletion, and lack of PD-1 expression. Drug-specific HLA-restricted cytotoxic CD8+ T cells can infiltrate the liver but are suppressed by Kupffer and liver sinusoidal endothelial cells. Summary HLA-I transgenic mouse models are now available to study ABC, FLX and carbamazepine-induced adverse reactions. In vivo studies range from characterizing drug-antigen presentation, T cell activation, immune-regulatory molecules and cell-cell interaction pathways that are specifically involved in causing or controlling unwanted DHRs.
Molecular, Hormonal, and Metabolic Mechanisms of Fruit Set, the Ovary-to-Fruit Transition, in Horticultural Crops.

Fruit set is the process by which the ovary develops into a fruit and is an important factor in determining the fruit yield. Fruit set is induced by two hormones, auxin and gibberellin, and the activation of their signaling pathways, partly by suppressing various negative regulators. Many studies have investigated the structural changes and gene networks in the ovary during fruit set, revealing the cytological and molecular mechanisms. In tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), SlIAA9 and SlDELLA/PROCERA act as auxin and gibberellin repressors, respectively, and are important regulators of the activity of transcription factors and downstream gene expression involved in fruit set. Upon pollination, SlIAA9 and SlDELLA are degraded, which subsequently activates downstream cascades and mainly contributes to active cell division and cell elongation, respectively, in ovaries during fruit setting. According to current knowledge, gibberellin appears to be most downstream in fruit set induction, and therefore its role in fruit set has been extensively explored. Furthermore, multi-omics analysis has revealed the detailed dynamics of gene fluctuation and metabolites downstream of gibberellins, highlighting the rapid activation of central carbon metabolism. This review will outline the relevant mechanisms at the molecular and metabolic levels during fruit set, particularly focusing on these mechanisms in tomato.
Understanding the Process of Drug Addiction Recovery Through First-Hand Experiences: A Qualitative Study in the Netherlands Using Lifeline Interviews

Understandings of drug addiction recovery are still being debated. Research on perspectives from first-hand experiences with recovery is rare and often contains short-term experiences in the context of a treatment setting. We aim to gain further understanding of recovery by analyzing autobiographical data from persons in different stages of drug addiction recovery who are not linked to any specific treatment service. We conducted 30 in-depth qualitative interviews with participants from various parts of the Netherlands. Participants self-identified as being “in recovery” or “recovered” from drug addiction for at least 3 months. Men and women are equally represented, and the sample consists of an equal number of participants in early (<1 year, n = 10), sustained (1–5 years, n = 10), and stable (>5 years, n = 10) recovery. We undertook a data-driven thematic analysis. Participants described that recovery is a broad process of change because addiction is interwoven with everything (theme 1); that recovery is reconsidering identity, seeing things in a new light (theme 2); that recovery is a staged long-term process (theme 3); and that universal life processes are part of recovery (theme 4). Thus, Drug addiction recovery is experienced as an interwoven long-term process, including identity change and common or universal life processes. Policy and clinical practice should therefore be aimed at supporting long-term tailored recovery goals and disseminating first-hand recovery experiences to enhance long-term outcomes and reduce stigmatization.
Splinting or Nonsplinting Adjacent Implants? A Retrospective Study Up to 15 Years: Part I-Biologic and Mechanical Complication Analysis.

PURPOSE To analyze the biologic and mechanical complications of splinted and nonsplinted implant restorations. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 423 patients (n = implants: 888) were included in the study. Biologic and mechanical complications that occurred for 15 years were analyzed using the multivariable Cox regression model, and the significant effect of the splinting of prostheses and other risk factors were evaluated. RESULTS Biologic complications occurred in 38.7% of implants: 26.4% of nonsplinted implants (NS) and 45.4% of splinted implants (SP). Mechanical complications occurred in 49.2% of implants: 59.3% NS and 43.9% SP. Implants splinted with both mesial and distal adjacent implants (SP-mid) had the highest risk of peri-implant diseases. As the number of implants splinted increased, the risk of mechanical complications decreased. Long crown lengths increased the risk of both biologic and mechanical complications. CONCLUSION Splinted implants had a higher risk of biologic complications and lower risk of mechanical complications. The implant splinted to both adjacent implants (SP-mid) had the highest risk of biologic complications. The greater the number of implants splinted, the lower the risk of mechanical complications. Long crown lengths increased the risk of both biologic and mechanical complications. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2023;38:435-442. doi: 10.11607/jomi.10053.
Remembering to Resume: A Randomized Trial Comparing Combined Interruption Management Training and Simulation-Based Education to Simulation-Based Education Alone

Abstract AIM This study aimed to determine if purposeful presimulation interruption management training impacts cognitive load and successful completion of simulation objectives more than the experience alone. BACKGROUND Practicing nurses are frequently interrupted, increasing the risk for error and task time. Novices are particularly vulnerable to interruption consequences. METHOD A between-subjects design and block randomization of prelicensure baccalaureate nursing students (n = 146) was used to compare group differences in cognitive load, use of interruption management strategies, and completion of simulation required elements. Potential relationships between outcomes and age, mindfulness, and experience were explored. RESULTS An analysis of covariance demonstrated significantly lower perceived mental demand for those receiving training. Older learners and those receiving training implemented more interruption management strategies. CONCLUSION Combining simulation-based education (SBE) with purposeful training enhances interruption management more than SBE alone. Frequent interruption training and SBE are recommended to enhance risk awareness.
Spatial patterns in host-associated and free-living bacterial communities across six temperate estuaries

Abstract A major goal of microbial ecology is to establish the importance of spatial and environmental factors in driving community variation. Their relative importance likely varies across spatial scales, but focus has primarily been on free-living communities within well-connected aquatic environments rather than less connected island-like habitats such as estuaries, and key host-associated communities within these systems. Here we sampled both free-living (seawater and sediment) and host-associated (estuarine fish hindgut microbiome, Pelates sexlineatus) communities across six temperate Australian estuaries spanning ∼500 km. We find that spatial and environmental factors have different influences on these communities, with seawater demonstrating strong distance-decay relationships (R = −0.69) and significant associations with a range of environmental variables. Distance-decay relationships were weak for sediment communities but became stronger over smaller spatial scales (within estuaries, R = −0.5), potentially reflecting environmental filtering across biogeochemical gradients or stochastic processes within estuary sediments. Finally, P. sexlineatus hindgut microbiome communities displayed weak distance-decay relationships (R = −0.36), and limited variation explained by environmental variables, indicating the significance of host-related factors in driving community variation. Our findings provide important ecological insights into the spatial distributions and driving forces of both free-living and host-associated bacterial patterns across temperate estuarine systems.
Scattered data interpolation in N-dimensional space

Radial Basis Functions (RBF) interpolation theory is briefly introduced at the "application level" including some basic principles and computational issues. The RBF interpolation is convenient for unordered data sets in n-dimensional space, in general. This approach is convenient especially for a higher dimension N > 2 conversion to ordered data set, e.g. using tessellation, is computationally very expensive. The RBF interpolation is not separable and it is based on distance of two points. The RBF interpolation leads to a solution of a Linear System of Equations (LSE) Ax = b. There are two main groups of interpolating functions: "global" and "local". Application of "local" functions, called Compactly Supporting Functions (CSFBF), can significantly decrease computational cost as they lead to a system of linear equations with a sparse matrix. The RBF interpolation can be used also for image reconstruction, inpainting removal, for solution of Partial Differential Equations (PDE) etc.
Diverse communication strategies in bees as a window into adaptations to an unpredictable world

Communication is a fundamental feature of animal societies and helps their members to solve the challenges they encounter, from exploiting food sources to fighting enemies or finding a new home. Eusocial bees inhabit a wide range of environments and they have evolved a multitude of communication signals that help them exploit resources in their environment efficiently. We highlight recent advances in our understanding of bee communication strategies and discuss how variation in social biology, such as colony size or nesting habits, and ecological conditions are important drivers of variation in communication strategies. Anthropogenic factors, such as habitat conversion, climate change, or the use of agrochemicals, are changing the world bees inhabit, and it is becoming clear that this affects communication both directly and indirectly, for example by affecting food source availability, social interactions among nestmates, and cognitive functions. Whether and how bees adapt their foraging and communication strategies to these changes represents a new frontier in bee behavioral and conservation research.
Monotropein alleviates sepsis-elicited acute lung injury via the NF-κB pathway.

OBJECTIVES To address the effect and mechanism of Monotropein (Mon) on sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI). METHODS ALI model was established by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated mouse lung epithelial cell lines (MLE-12) and cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-treated mice, respectively. The function of Mon was examined by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), pathological staining, the pulmonary function examination, flow cytometry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labellingand western blot. RESULTS Mon increased the LPS-reduced viability but decreased the LPS-evoked apoptosis rate in MLE-12 cells. Mon suppressed the concentrations and protein expressions of proinflammatory factors, and the expressions of fibrosis-related proteins in LPS-challenged MLE-12 cells compared with LPS treatment alone. Mechanically, Mon downregulated the levels of NF-κB pathway, which was confirmed with the application of the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL). Correspondingly, RANKL reversed the ameliorative effect of Mon on the proliferation, apoptosis, inflammation and fibrosis. Moreover, Mon improved the pathological manifestations, apoptosis, the W/D ratio and pulmonary function indicators in CLP-treated mice. Consistently, Mon attenuated inflammation, fibrosis and NF-κB pathway in CLP-treated mice. CONCLUSION Mon inhibited apoptosis, inflammation and fibrosis to alleviate sepsis-evoked ALI via the NF-κB pathway.
Parameters of Slavic morphosyntax

This is the first linguistic study written within the Principles and Parameters framework to deal with the Slavic languages. Franks develops parametric solutions to related constructions among those languages. The book can serve both as an introduction to Government and Binding (GB) Theory for Slavic linguists as well as an introduction to Slavic languages for scholars of syntax.
A Kind of Differentiated Business Sense RWA Based on Wavelength Layered Graph

The network congestion problem and differentiated business are important factors to impact the performance of network. This paper studies the RWA of differentiated business based on the wavelength layered graph model in the IONs and puts forward some designs. Firstly, combined dynamic weight formula with wavelength layered graph. Secondly, design wavelength layered grouping strategy. Thirdly, wavelength buffering is introduced not only to guarantee high-priority business blocking performance but also to reduce the blocking rate of low-priority business. Simulation result shows that LWGB algorithm achieved an outstanding performance of the network.