Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Contemporary Management of Chronic Prostatitis

Chronic prostatitis (CP) is a common condition, yet remains a challenge to treat in clinical practice due to the heterogeneity of symptoms. The aim of this article is to undertake a narrative review using key research papers in this field in order to develop a treatment algorithm and research recommendations for the management of type II and type III prostatitis taking a broader look at interventions beyond those recommended in the European Association of Urology Guidelines. A search was performed using multiple databases and trial registries with no language restrictions. Searches were completed on March 1, 2021, with a focus on randomized controlled trials (RCTs), meta-analyses, and systematic reviews. However, in areas with a dearth of such studies, we included case series and observational studies, thus allowing us to assess current levels of evidence and areas of potential research. We identified and reviewed 63 studies. The level of evidence and the quality of trials were assessed and reported. Research recommendations, where applicable, were also highlighted. CP/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS) is a heterogenous term referring to diverse symptomology that requires tailored treatments depending on the patients’ complaints. After a review of the evidence available, we present a treatment algorithm that is based on the much-discussed UPOINT (urinary symptoms, psychosocial dysfunction, organ-specific findings, infection, neurologic/systemic, and tenderness of muscles) framework. Future studies should focus on multimodal therapy based on such frameworks and provide the future direction of this complex condition.
Effects of Heat Treatment on the Microstructure and Hardness of A356 (AlSi7Mg0.3) Manufactured by Vertical Centrifugal Casting

The A356 alloy has been widely used in automotive components, such as wheels and brake disks, because it is an excellent lightweight material with high corrosion resistance and good mechanical properties. Recently, to reduce the weight of brake disks, the Fe-A356 hybrid brake disk has been suggested. Because brake disk quality is directly related to driving safety, the T4/T6 heat treatment of centrifugally cast A356 alloys were performed to enhance the mechanical properties and reduce micro-segregation. The solid-solution heat treatment followed by annealing caused the formation of Mg-rich intermetallic compounds on the grain boundaries of the Al matrix, decreasing the average hardness of the alloys by 13 HV. In contrast, the solid solution followed by water quenching (T4) reduced the area fractions of the intermetallic compounds and increased the average hardness by 11 HV. The T6 heat-treated A356 alloys, which were influenced by the formation of the Guinier–Preston zone exhibited a relatively higher average hardness, by 18 HV, compared to T4 heat-treated A356 alloys.
Security issues for downloaded code in mobile phones

'Software defined radio' (SDR) is a technology that will appear in future generations of mobile phones, i.e. following the third-generation mobile phone technology that is currently being defined and developed. Early versions of 'pragmatic' SDR will allow the terminal to be reconfigured at any level of its protocol stack. Ultimately, the 'pure' SDR technology will allow a mobile phone or terminal to have its air interface software configured or reconfigured by other software (or software parameters) that have been downloaded to the terminal, e.g. over the air, or from a remote server via the Internet and one's personal computer (PC). A number of security issues arise with downloaded code that implements the air interface functions, and these may not be obvious simply from looking at the way PC software is updated on-line today. This paper starts with an outline of the code that allows a mobile phone to operate over a particular air interface. This sets the baseline for a discussion of the security issues surrounding the change of this code from one that is fixed and downloaded once only, to code that is reconfigurable during the life of a product.
COMP ARATIVE ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS IMAGE EDGE DETECTION TECHNIQUES FOR TWO DIMENSIONAL CT SCAN NECK DISC IMA GE

Neck is robot part for human. The robotic platform of the neck bone was surrounded by muscles like steel spring the neck has a significant amount of movement and supports the weight of the head, but it is less protected than the rest of the spine, the neck can be vulnerable to injury and disorders that produce pain and restrict motion. It may result from abnormalities in the soft tissues the muscles, ligaments, and nerves as well as in bones and joints of the spine. The most common causes of neck pain are soft-tissue abnormalities due to injury or prolonged wear and tear. In rare instances, infection or tumours may cause neck pain. Neck pain may feel like a kink, stiffness or severe pain. Pain may spread to the shoulders, upper back or arms or it may cause a headache. Neck movement may be limited, usually more to one side than the other. Neck pain refers to pain anywhere from the area at the base of the skull into the shoulder. It is rare to predict the causes during movement of the neck. In this paper proposes a various edge detection techniques like prewitt, sobel, canny and Roberts methods to compare and analyse the two dimensional CT Scan neck disc image. This analysis will be more helpful to predict the suitable technique for edge detection. This work may be extended to predict the analyse of the neck while driving the car and also software industries employees with continuos exposure with computer.
Pull-in voltage analysis of electrostatically actuated beam structures with fixed–fixed and fixed–free end conditions

In this paper, a closed-form expression for the pull-in voltage of fixed–fixed beams and fixed–free beams is derived starting from the known expression of a simple lumped spring-mass system. The effects of partial electrode configuration, of axial stress, non-linear stiffening, charge re-distribution and fringing fields are all included in the final expression. Further, the results obtained are summarized and validated with other existing empirical and analytical models as well as with finite element simulation results. The model agrees well with finite element simulation results obtained with COVENTORWARE software.
Novel SOI p-channel MOSFETs with higher strain in si channel using double SiGe heterostructures

We have studied p-channel advanced SOI MOSFETs using double SiGe heterostructures fabricated by the combination of SIMOX and high-quality strained-Si/SiGe regrowth technologies, in order to introduce higher strain in Si channel. It was revealed that this double SiGe structure of second Si/sub 0.82/Ge/sub 0.18/Si/sub 0.93/Ge/sub 0.07/allows the second SiGe layer to relax by about 70%, because of the elastic energy balance between the second and the first-SiGe layers. As a result, the strain of Si layer on this double SiGe structure becomes higher than that of the single SiGe structure. Strained SOI p-MOSFETs using the double layer SiGe structure exhibited higher hole mobility than that of strained-SOI MOSFETs with single Si/sub 0.9/Ge/sub 0.1/ structure. The hole mobility enhancement of 30% and 45% was achieved in the strained-SOI MOSFETs with double SiGe structures, compared to that of the universal curve and the control-SOI MOSFETs, respectively.
Management Assessment of Going Concern Based on Data Mining Using Adaptive Network Based Fuzzy Inference Systems (ANFIS)

Going concern is a fundamental concept for the preparation of financial statements by management. This paper has employed a data mining approach for going concern prediction (GCP) and has applied Adaptive Network Based Fuzzy Inference Systems (ANFIS) based on feature selection method for GCP in Iranian firms, listed in Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). For this purpose, at the first step, using the stepwise discriminant analysis (SDA) has opted the final variables from among of 42 variables and in the next stage, has applied 10-fold cross-validation to figure out the optimal model for one year ahead. The empirical test signifies that the ANFIS model reached 99.92 and 95.19 percent accuracy rates so as to train and hold-out data.
Monodelphis domestica: a new source of mammalian primary neurons in vitro

I n v i t r o m o d e l s h ave t re m e n d o u s l y revolutionized cell biology and biomedical research, reducing the need for in vivo exper iments , as wel l as offer ing the simplified models for easier investigations at molecular and cellular level (for example genetic manipulations, electrophysiological measurements, drug screening etc.) . However, the major challenge is to develop long-surviving in vitro preparations of postmitotic cells such as neurons or cardiocytes. To overcome the problem of neuronal inability to proliferate, the immortalized cell lines derived from neuronal tumors have been prepared. Such secondary neuronal cultures are restricted to neuroblastomalike cells, but their biological relevance is often questionable due to genetic drift and lack of mature, differentiated neuronal phenotypes, which makes primary cultures the better choice. Mammalian central nervous system (CNS) in vitro primary cell cultures are mostly prepared from the late embryonic or early postnatal mice and rats. Other mammalian species have been less used, meaning that inter-species diversity is not sufficiently investigated and that the additional comparative analyses are required to avoid misinterpretations in translating the knowledge to humans (Bonfanti and Peretto, 2011).
High expression of TXNDC11 indicated unfavorable prognosis of glioma

Background Thioredoxin domain containing 11 (TXNDC11) has been implicated in numerous cancers. Nevertheless, the function of TXNDC11 in glioma is not well described. This study aimed to assess clinical significance of TXNDC11 in glioma based on bioinformatics analysis and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. Methods GEPIA2, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases were employed to detect the levels of TXNDC11 transcript in glioma. Gene expression profiles and data from the methylation chip with clinical details from TCGA and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) of glioma samples were examined. The methylation of TXNDC11 in glioma was evaluated by 450K methylation chip data analysis. The pathways involved in TXNDC11 expression were screened by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). The correlation between TXNDC11 and immune cells was analyzed. Protein level of TXNDC11 was detected by IHC staining in glioma specimens. Results TXNDC11 was highly expressed in glioma, and high TXNDC11 expression was associated with poor overall survival (OS) and worse clinical prognostic variables. The methylation of cg04399632 was statistically different between glioma samples and normal samples, and was negatively correlated with TXNDC11 expression in glioma patients. Survival analysis demonstrated a poorer prognosis in glioma patients with cg04399632 hypomethylation. TXNDC11-high phenotype was associated with certain immune-related pathways and other signaling pathways in glioma. The expression of TXNDC11 was correlated positively with M2 macrophage infiltration and negatively with M0 and M1 macrophage infiltration. IHC staining confirmed that TXNDC11 expression increased in higher-grade glioma. Conclusions High expression of TXNDC11 may predict unfavorable prognosis of glioma patients.
Interactive Generation of Path-Traced Lightmaps

Indirect illumination is an important part of realistic images, and accurately simulating the complex effects of indirect illumination in real-time applications has long been a challenge for the industry. One popular approach is to use offline precomputed solutions such as lightmaps (textures containing the precomputed lighting in a scene) to efficiently approximate these effects. Unfortunately, these offline solutions have historically enforced long iteration times that come at a cost to artist productivity. These solutions have additionally either supported only the low-frequency diffuse component of indirect lighting, yielding poor visual results for glossy or metallic materials, or have used overly expensive approximations. In recent years, the state of the art lightmap precomputation pipeline has shifted to using highly vectorised path tracing, often on GPU hardware, to compute the indirect illumination effects. The use of path tracing enables progressive rendering, wherein an approximation to the full solution is found and then refined as opposed to solving for the final result in a single step. Progressive rendering through path tracing thereby helps to provide rapid iteration for artists. This thesis describes a system that can progressively path-trace indirect illumination lightmaps on the GPU.Contributing to this system, itintroduces a new gather-based method for sample accumulation, enhances algorithms from prior work, and presents a range of encoding methods, including a novel progressive method for non-negative least-squares encoding of spherical basis functions. In addition, it presents a novel, efficient solution for high-quality precomputed diffuse and low-frequency specular indirect illumination that extends the Ambient Dice family of spherical basis functions. This solution provides comparable or better specular reconstruction to prior work at lower runtime cost and has potential for widespread use in real-time applications.
Non-renegable selective acknowledgments and scheduling for TCP and multipath TCP

We investigate two issues related to the transport layer and propose solutions to address these issues. All proposed solutions are implemented in the Linux kernel and evaluated with real network topologies. First, we explore what performance gains can be obtained when a TCP or Multipath TCP (MPTCP) receiver guarantees never to discard received out-of-order PDUs from the receive buffer (i.e., never reneg). TCP is designed to tolerate reneging. This design has been challenged since (i) reneging rarely occurs in practice, and (ii) even when reneging does occur, it alone generally does not help the operating system resume normal operation when the system is starving for memory. In the current MPTCP standard, an MPTCP receiver cannot selectively acknowledge the reception of out-oforder PDUs to an MPTCP sender. We investigate how freeing received out-of-order PDUs from the send buffer by using Non-Renegable Selective Acknowledgments (NRSACKs) can improve end-to-end performance. This improvement results when send buffer blocking occurs in both TCP and MPTCP. Preliminary results for TCP NRSACKs show that (i) TCP data transfers with NR-SACKs never perform worse than those without NR-SACKs, and (ii) NR-SACKs can improve end-to-end throughput when send buffer blocking occurs. Under certain circumstances, we observe throughput increasing by using TCP NR-SACKs as much as 15%. Preliminary results for MPTCP NR-SACKs show that (i) MPTCP data transfers with NR-SACKs never perform worse than those without NR-SACKs, and (ii) NR-SACKs can improve end-to-end throughput in MPTCP when send buffer blocking occurs. Under certain circumstances, we observe throughput increasing by using MPTCP NR-SACKs as much as 38%. Second, we explore potential application performance gains from two innovative scheduling policies for MPTCP. Whenever an MPTCP sender wants to send data, the
The Discovery of New Drug-Target Interactions for Breast Cancer Treatment

Drug–target interaction (DTIs) prediction plays a vital role in probing new targets for breast cancer research. Considering the multifaceted challenges associated with experimental methods identifying DTIs, the in silico prediction of such interactions merits exploration. In this study, we develop a feature-based method to infer unknown DTIs, called PsePDC-DTIs, which fuses information regarding protein sequences extracted by pseudo-position specific scoring matrix (PsePSSM), detrended cross-correlation analysis coefficient (DCCA coefficient), and an FP2 format molecular fingerprint descriptor of drug compounds. In addition, the synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE) is employed for dealing with the imbalanced data after Lasso dimensionality reduction. Then, the processed feature vectors are put into a random forest classifier to perform DTIs predictions on four gold standard datasets, including nuclear receptors (NR), G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR), ion channels (IC), and enzymes (E). Furthermore, we explore new targets for breast cancer treatment using its risk genes identified from large-scale genome-wide genetic studies using PsePDC-DTIs. Through five-fold cross-validation, the average values of accuracy in NR, GPCR, IC, and E datasets are 95.28%, 96.19%, 96.74%, and 98.22%, respectively. The PsePDC-DTIs model provides us with 10 potential DTIs for breast cancer treatment, among which erlotinib (DB00530) and FGFR2 (hsa2263), caffeine (DB00201) and KCNN4 (hsa3783), as well as afatinib (DB08916) and FGFR2 (hsa2263) are found with direct or inferred evidence. The PsePDC-DTIs model has achieved good prediction results, establishing the validity and superiority of the proposed method.
Preconverged learning vector quantization detection method for integrated optical fiber-visible light access network

Abstract. Recently, visible light communication (VLC) has become a hot topic owing to its advantages, such as high security, high capacity, and antielectromagnetic interference. VLC has become a potential candidate for indoor access networks due to the feasibility of combining illumination and communication. However, intersymbol interference and random phase rotation induced by the transmission channel will decrease the system performance. Traditional constant modulus algorithm (CMA) performs well in converging constellation, but random phase rotation still exists since CMA is insensitive to phase. We demonstrate an optical fiber and visible light integrated communication system. 960-Mbps multiband geometrically shaping (GS) quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM)-8 transmission is realized. Modified learning vector quantization is employed after CMA equalization to mitigate the impairment induced by both optical fiber and visible light channel. Experimental results indicate the feasibility of the proposed method. The Q factor of GS QAM-8 could be enhanced by 5.98 dB with the proposed method.
Investigation of partial discharge mechanisms in a void under AC electric stress

In order to understand and predict the ageing of insulation which is subject to partial discharges (PD), it is necessary to investigate and understand the processes which occur in voids in the insulation. Only then can the effect on the insulation of the localised gas discharges which constitute the PDs be understood and characterised and used to determine insulation deterioration and hence ageing. To study such discharges requires determination of the actual discharge current waveform and as these have typical frequencies in the GHz region, measurement is not easy. This paper will outline a measurement system and give results of PD currents measured in a model of a void in a solid insulation system. This work is part of a a larger program of work aimed at developing a theoretical model of the discharge processes and using experimental data to fine-tune the model. Some details of the theoretical model analysis are also presented.
Biogeographic Patterns of Leaf Stoichiometry and Adaption Strategy of Stellera Chamaejasme L. in Degraded Grasslands Across Northern China

Background: Plant leaf stoichiometry reflect its adaptations to environments. Leaf stoichiometry variations across different environments have been extensively studied among grassland plants, but little is known about intraspecific leaf stoichiometry, especially for widely distributed species, such as Stellera chamaejasme L. We present the first study on the leaf stoichiometry of S. chamaejasme, and evaluate their relationships with environmental variables by collecting S. chamaejasme leaf and soil samples from 29 invaded sites in the two plateaus of distinct environments [the Inner Mongolian Plateau (IM) and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QT)] in Northern China. Leaf C, N, P, and K and their stoichiometric ratios, and soil physicochemical properties were determined, together with climate information from each sampling sites. Results: Results showed that mean leaf C, N, P, and K concentrations were 498.60, 19.95, 2.15, and 6.57 g · kg-1, respectively; the C/N, C/P, and N/P ratios were 25.46, 246.22, and 9.84, respectively. Soil physicochemical properties of S. chamaejasme invaded area varied wildly, and few significant correlations between S. chamaejasme leaf ecological stoichiometry and soil physicochemical properties were observed. Except for C and N in leaves, the P and K had higher homeostasis than 1, between 4.17 and 13.21. Moreover, C and N content of S. chamaejasme leaves were unaffected by any climate factors. However, the correlation between leaf P and climate factors was significant in IM only, while leaf K in QT. Finally, partial least squares path modeling suggested that leaf P or leaf K were affected by different mechanisms in QT and IM regions. Conclusions: Our results indicated that S. chamaejasme tend to be insensitive to variation in soil nutrient availability, resulting in their broad distributions in China grasslands. Moreover, S. chamaejasme adapt to changing environments by adjusting its relationships with climate or soil factors to improve their chances of survival and spread in degraded grasslands.
Assessing the impact of land cover changes on water balance components of White Volta Basin in West Africa

Land use and land cover (LULC) have been and still changing, through human activities, creating variability in hydrological cycle. This paper investigates the hydrological impacts of LULC changes on water balance in the White Volta Basin located in the West of Africa using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). Two LULC data for 1990 and 2006 and two plausible scenarios of land use change were evaluated. Results show a link between land cover and the hydrologic response with a decrease in land cover corresponding to decrease in surface water and base flow and increase evapotranspiration (ET). The results indicated that different LULC contributed to various effects in annual water yield and ET. The results also indicate the capability of the SWAT model to be used in the West African subregion even though there are data limitations associated with the model in West Africa. Overall, the model results support the existing efforts of Volta Basin water resource managers to protect the area along the Volta river against farming and indicate that additional emphasis should be placed on improving land management practices.