Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Distinct H3K27me3 and H3K27ac Modifications in Neural Tube Defects Induced by Benzo[a]pyrene

The pathological mechanisms of neural tube defects (NTDs) are not yet fully understood. Although the dysregulation of histone modification in NTDs is recognized, it remains to be fully elucidated on a genome-wide level. We profiled genome-wide H3K27me3 and H3K27ac occupancy by CUT&Tag in neural tissues from ICR mouse embryos with benzo[a]pyrene (BaP)-induced NTDs (250 mg kg−1) at E9.5. Furthermore, we performed RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to investigate the regulation of histone modifications on gene expressions. Gene ontology and KEGG analysis were conducted to predict pathways involved in the development of NTDs. Our analysis of histone 3 lysine 27 modification in BaP-NTD neural tissues compared to BaP-nonNTD revealed 6045 differentially trimethylated regions and 3104 acetylated regions throughout the genome, respectively. The functional analysis identified a number of pathways uniquely enriched for BaP-NTD embryos, including known neurodevelopment related pathways such as anterior/posterior pattern specification, ephrin receptor signaling pathway, neuron migration and neuron differentiation. RNA-seq identified 423 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between BaP-NTD and BaP-nonNTD group. The combination analysis of CUT&Tag and RNA-seq found that 55 DEGs were modified by H3K27me3 and 25 by H3K27ac in BaP-NTD, respectively. In the transcriptional regulatory network, transcriptional factors including Srsf1, Ume6, Zbtb7b, and Cad were predicated to be involved in gene expression regulation. In conclusion, our results provide an overview of histone modifications during neural tube closure and demonstrate a key role of genome-wide alterations in H3K27me3 and H3K27ac in NTDs corresponding with changes in transcription profiles.
Formation of Voids from Negative Density Perturbations. II. The Role of Rotation and Nonspherical Perturbations

De Araujo & Opher have recently studied the formation of voids from negative density perturbations taking into account a series of physical processes during and after the recombination era. In the present investigation we study the effects of nonspherical negative density perturbations and rotation on the dimension and density of the voids. We find that, although the resultant voids are not significantly affected by eccentricity, rotation has an important effect on their final dimensions and densities
A time-stepping procedure for Ẋ=A 1 X+XA 2 +D, X(0)=C

We develop an expression for the exact solution of the matrix differential problem \dot{X} = A_{1} X + XA_{2} + D, X(0) = C based on variation of parameters and use this to devise the time-stepping relation X(t+h)=e^{A_{1}h}\{X(t)+\int\liminf{0}\limsup{h}e^{-A_{1}s}De^{-A_{2}s}ds\}e^{A_{2}h} . We modify a procedure of Van Loan to effect efficient computation of all the terms necessary to advance the solution in time according to this relation. We consider some alternatives when sparsity is a concern. A numerical example of our procedure is included.
Effects of Antioxidant Combinations on the Renal Toxicity Induced Rats by Gold Nanoparticles

This study investigated some possible mechanisms underlying the nephrotoxic effect of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in rats and compared the protective effects of selected known antioxidants—namely, melanin, quercetin (QUR), and α-lipoic acid (α-LA). Rats were divided into five treatment groups (eight rats per group): control, AuNPs (50 nm), AuNPs + melanin (100 mg/kg), AuNPs + QUR (200 mg/kg), and AuNPs + α-LA (200 mg/kg). All treatments were administered i.p., daily, for 30 days. AuNPs promoted renal glomerular and tubular damage and impaired kidney function, as indicated by the higher serum levels of creatinine (Cr), urinary flow, and urea and albumin/Cr ratio. They also induced oxidative stress by promoting mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mtPTP) opening, the expression of NOX4, increasing levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), and suppressing glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT). In addition, AuNPs induced renal inflammation and apoptosis, as evidenced by the increase in the total mRNA and the cytoplasmic and nuclear levels of NF-κB, mRNA levels of Bax and caspase-3, and levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Treatment with melanin, QUR, and α-lipoic acid (α-LA) prevented the majority of these renal damage effects of AuNPs and improved kidney structure and function, with QUR being the most powerful. In conclusion, in rats, AuNPs impair kidney function by provoking oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis by suppressing antioxidants, promoting mitochondrial uncoupling, activating NF-κB, and upregulating NOX4. However, QUR remains the most powerful drug to alleviate this toxicity by reversing all of these mechanisms.
Yellow Mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) Powder Promotes a High Bioaccessible Protein Fraction and Low Glycaemic Index in Biscuits

Traditional biscuits are considered products with poor nutritional value because of their large share of rapidly digested starch, which results in an elevated glycaemic index. This paper explores the improvement of the nutritional value of biscuits by adding yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) powder. Four biscuit recipes containing 0%(R1), 10%(R2), 15%(R3), and 20%(R4) of yellow mealworm powder were prepared and subjected to sensorial analysis. The R3 biscuits were selected for further investigation, as they had the highest acceptability. Compared to the reference R1, the R3 biscuits showed an improved nutritional profile in terms of protein, fat, ash, minerals, fibres, essential amino acids, and unsaturated fatty acids, and lower amounts of carbohydrates and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. The in vitro protein digestibility in R3 improved 1.12-fold compared to R1. No significant difference was found between the digestibility of the lipids released from R1 and R3. A higher fraction of slowly digestible starch was present in R3 compared to R1. The starch digestibility and estimated glycaemic index were 72.96% and 79.56% in R3, which can be compared to 78.79% and 90.14%, respectively, in R1. Due to their enhanced nutritional profile, higher bioaccessible protein fraction, and lower glycaemic index, yellow mealworm powder biscuits can be considered a more nutritious alternative to traditional biscuits.
The number 6 in planar tilings

This paper obtains some important properties of planar normal tiling and proves purely combinatorially Grunbaum's Theorem. Moreover, we give the six-neighbor-theorem and definite "relative density" to describe the increase of tiles with some special properties. Finally, Γpm-tilings are classified by their adjacent-types.
Some causal connections between stochastic dynamic systems

In this paper we consider a problem that follows directly from realization problem: how to find Markovian representations , even minimall, for a given family of Hilbert spaces, understood as outputs of a stochastic dynamic system S1, provided it is in a certain causality relationship with another family of Hilbert spaces , i.e. with some informations about states of a stochastic dynamic system S2. This paper is continuation of the papers Gill and Petrovi´ (7) and Petrovi´ (16, 17).
Plasma and fields in the wake of Rhea: 3-D hybrid simulation and comparison with Cassini data

Rhea's magnetospheric interaction is simulated using a three-dimensional, hybrid plasma simulation code, where ions are treated as particles and electrons as a massless, charge-neutralizing fluid. In consistency with Cassini observations, Rhea is modeled as a plasma absorbing obstacle. This leads to the formation of a plasma wake (cavity) behind the moon. We find that this cavity expands with the ion sound speed along the magnetic field lines, resulting in an extended depletion region north and south of the moon, just a few Rhea radii ( R Rh ) downstream. This is a direct consequence of the comparable thermal and bulk plasma velocities at Rhea. Perpendicular to the magnetic field lines the wake's extension is constrained by the magnetic field. A magnetic field compression in the wake and the rarefaction in the wake sides is also observed in our results. This configuration reproduces well the signature in the Cassini magnetometer data, acquired during the close flyby to Rhea on November 2005. Almost all plasma and field parameters show an asymmetric distribution along the plane where the corotational electric field is contained. A diamagnetic current system is found running parallel to the wake boundaries. The presence of this current system shows a direct corelation with the magnetic field configuration downstream of Rhea, while the resulting j × B forces on the ions are responsible for the asymmetric structures seen in the velocity and electric field vector fields in the equatorial plane. As Rhea is one of the many plasma absorbing moons of Saturn, we expect that this case study should be relevant for most lunar-type interactions at Saturn.
Acute respiratory distress syndrome in Scrub typhus – An under recognized complication!

Scrub typhus is an acute febrile illness caused by the bacterium Orientia tsutsugamushi. It usually presents with high-grade fever, body aches, and skin rash. We report the case of a woman who presented with acute febrile illness, bilateral pneumonia, and severe hypoxemia. The presence of a typical eschar on the abdomen, made us suspect scrub typhus. Anti-O. tsutsugamushi Immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibody in the serum was detected in significant titers. She was treated with intravenous doxycycline and supplemental oxygen. Thus, scrub typhus should be considered in the differential diagnosis of febrile illness with acute respiratory distress syndrome.
Is (Disordered) Social Networking Sites Usage a Risk Factor for Dysfunctional Eating and Exercise Behavior?

Background: Research over the past years has shown that exposure to thin and beauty ideals in the media can be associated with disordered eating and related variables. Nowadays, interactive media, such as social networking sites, have gained growing popularity and represent a major part of people’s lives. It is therefore crucial to investigate how far users might be negatively influenced by social networking sites regarding eating pathology or excessive exercise behavior and if there are particular links to social media use disorder. Methods: Data were collected by an online-survey encompassing questions on regular social networking site use, eating disorders, and excessive exercise behavior. Results: Analyses showed that disordered social networking sites use was significantly related to eating pathology and a poorer body image in men and women. The frequency of active or passive social networking sites usage however was not associated with exercise behavior. Conclusions: Our results confirm that disordered social networking sites use represents a risk factor for body image dissatisfaction and associated eating disorders.
Silicon surface tunnel transistor

A silicon surface tunneling transistor structure, based on lateral band‐to‐band tunneling, is presented. The theory, fabrication, and operation of the device is described. Band‐to‐band tunneling is controlled by the bias on the gate of the device which modulates the width of the tunneling barrier. The operation of the device is confirmed in both experimental results and two‐dimensional computer simulations. Dramatic differences in drain current are observed for different gate bias.
Adversarial Auxiliary Weighted Subdomain Adaptation for Open-Set Deep Transfer Bridge Damage Diagnosis

Deep learning models have been widely used in data-driven bridge structural damage diagnosis methods in recent years. However, these methods require training and test datasets to satisfy the same distribution, which is difficult to satisfy in practice. Domain adaptation transfer learning is an efficient method to solve this problem. Most of the current domain adaptation methods focus on close-set scenarios with the same classes in the source and target domains. However, in practical applications, new damage caused by long-term degradation often makes the target and source domains dissimilar in the class space. For such challenging open-set scenarios, existing domain adaptation methods will be powerless. To effectively solve the above problems, an adversarial auxiliary weighted subdomain adaptation algorithm is proposed for open-set scenarios. Adversarial learning is introduced to proposed an adversarial auxiliary weighting scheme to reflect the similarity of target samples with source classes. It effectively distinguishes unknown damage from known states. This paper further proposes a multi-channel multi-kernel weighted local maximum mean discrepancy metric (MCMK-WLMMD) to capture the fine-grained transferable information for conditional distribution alignment (sub-domain alignment). Extensive experiments on transfer tasks between three bridges verify the effectiveness of the algorithm in open-set scenarios.
NUMERICAL STUDY OF FLOW AND HEAT TRANSFER IN A SQUARE DRIVEN CAVITY

A numerical approach called "SIMPLER" is used to investigate the flow and heat transfer characteristics in a square driven cavity. The two-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equations were solved and the results are depicted as contour plots of stream function, vorticity, and total pressure for Reynolds numbers from 1 to 10000. At the higher values of Reynolds number, an inviscid core region develops, but secondary eddies are present in the bottom corners of the square at all Reynolds numbers. In addition, the energy equation was solved and isotherms and wall heat-flux distributions are graphically presented. The finding of the present numerical solutions with those given in the literature is in good agreement.
Semiconductor lasers with one- and two-dimensional air/semiconductor gratings embedded by wafer fusion technique

This paper describes the use of wafer fusion technique between submicrometer-order patterned wafers to realize novel optoelectronic devices. First, to demonstrate the feasibility of applying the technique to optoelectronic devices, we demonstrate a continuous wave oscillation of a one-dimensional distributed feedback laser with air/semiconductor gratings embedded by the wafer fusion technique. Next, we fabricate a device with two-dimensional triangular-lattice structure and obtain a very unique hexagonal symmetric surface-emitting pattern. From the calculated photonic band diagram of the device, the surface-emitting pattern is considered to reflect the photonic band nature of triangular-lattice structure. The room temperature lasing oscillation of the device with two-dimensional triangular-lattice structure is also achieved. These results indicate that the air/semiconductor gratings formed by wafer fusion technique can be applied to develop various optoelectronic devices, and the realization of novel devices is expected.
Permanent magnet bearings and couplings

The coupling energy between elementary dipoles enables the calculation of forces and stiffnesses between small permanent magnets. The results are used to synthesize all the different basic configurations of magnetic bearings and magnetic couplings. This method enables us to predict some of their specific properties and the approximate calculation of their characteristics. It can be extended to all devices where forces are created between permanent magnets.
Molecular above-threshold-ionization spectra: The effect of moving nuclei

Exact non-Born-Oppenheimer simulations of a one-dimensional model of one-electron H{sub 2}{sup +} and linear H{sub 3}{sup 2+} in an intense short laser pulse are used to investigate the nonlinear multiphoton electron emission spectra, called above threshold ionization (ATI). Due to the rapid proton motion on near-femtosecond time scale, the ATI spectra are found to be produced at the critical internuclear distance R{sub c}{approx}7-8 a.u. , leading to charge-resonance-enhanced ionization (CREI). As a consequence, maxima in the ATI spectra are displaced with respect to the similar H-atom spectra by a laser-induced Stark energy E{sub M}R{sub c}/2, where E{sub M} is the maximum amplitude of the laser field. Highly oscillating ATI spectra occur, which are enhanced by the nuclear motion. These are interpreted as due to coherent excitations of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals and highest occupied molecular orbitals, which are also responsible for CREI. Electron rescattering effects in the energy regions of 10U{sub p} and 8U{sub p}, where U{sub p} is the ponderomotive energy, are shown to be substantially reduced due to the rapid molecular dissociation and Coulomb explosion. Nevertheless, the ATI spectra in these energy regions reflect the different electron energies in the rescattering process. Fine structures of the ATI spectramore » are found to be enhanced by moving nuclei, reflecting the enhancement of resonant transitions by varying Franck-Condon factors during the nuclear motion. « less
Theoretical proposal for a biosensing approach based on a linear array of immobilized gold nanoparticles

We propose a sensing mechanism for detection of analytes that can specifically recognized. The sensor is based on closely-spaced chains of functionalized gold nanoparticles (NPs) immobilized on a waveguide surface, with the signal detected by evanescent waveguide absorption spectroscopy. The localized surface plasmon spectrum of a linear array of closely-spaced, hemispherical gold NPs is calculated using the discrete dipole approximation. The plasmon band is found to broaden to a nanowirelike spectrum when a dielectric coating is put on the particles, and the light polarization is along the NP chain. The origin of this broadening is shown to be the polarization-dependent overlap of the evanescent fields of adjacent NPs upon application of the dielectric coating. These features suggests a mechanism for biosensing with an improved sensitivity compared with traditional NP biosensor methods.
Coded parity packet transmission method for two group resource allocation

Gap value control is investigated when the number of source and parity packets is adjusted in a concatenated coding scheme whilst keeping the overall coding rate fixed. Packet-based outer codes which are generated from bit-wise XOR combinations of the source packets are used to adjust the number of both source packets. Having the source packets, the number of parity packets, which are the bit-wise XOR combinations of the source packets can be adjusted such that the gap value, which measures the gap between the theoretical and the required signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), is controlled without changing the actual coding rate. Consequently, the required SNR reduces, yielding a lower required energy to realize the transmission data rate. Integrating this coding technique with a two-group resource allocation scheme renders efficient utilization of the total energy to further improve the data rates. With a relatively small-sized set of discrete data rates, the system throughput achieved by the proposed two-group loading scheme is observed to be approximately equal to that of the existing loading scheme, which is operated with a much larger set of discrete data rates. The gain obtained by the proposed scheme over the existing equal rate and equal energy loading scheme is approximately 5 dB. Furthermore, a successive interference cancellation scheme is also integrated with this coding technique, which can be used to decode and provide consecutive symbols for inter-symbol interference (ISI) and multiple access interference (MAI) mitigation. With this integrated scheme, the computational complexity is significantly reduced by eliminating matrix inversions. In the same manner, the proposed coding scheme is also incorporated into a novel fixed energy loading, which distributes packets over parallel channels, to control the gap value of the data rates although the
Efficient evaluation of reaction integrals in the EFIE analysis of planar layered structures with uniaxial anisotropy

This paper presents an efficient implementation of the electric-field integral-equation (EFIE) method to deal with planar anisotropic layered printed structures. A convenient treatment of the kernel of the integral equation gives rise to reaction integrals that only involve quasi-singularities and R/sup -1/-type singularities. When the well-known Rao-Wilton-Glisson triangular basis functions are used in conjunction with the Galerkin's method, closed-form expressions are found for the singular parts of the self-reaction integrals, as well as for the inner convolution integrals of the remaining singular/quasi-singular reaction integrals. Thus, the present procedure sets the EFIE method as a competitive alternative to other formulations.
Continuum Quantum Systems as Limits of Discrete Quantum Systems, I: State Vectors☆

Abstract Dynamical systems on “continuum” Hilbert spaces may be realized as limits of dynamical systems on “discrete” (possibly finite-dimensional) Hilbert spaces. In this first of four papers on the topic, the “continuum” and “discrete” spaces are interfaced to one another algebraically, convergence of vectors is defined in such a way as to preserve inner products, and a necessary and sufficient coordinate-wise criterion for convergence is proved.
Infusing technology into a mathematics methods course: any impact?

In this paper, I examine some issues within the new frontier of integrating technology into teacher education and professional development. I present an approach to teach a secondary mathematics methods course integrating technology. Specifically, this study focuses on how the integration of multimedia and online discussion into a mathematics methods course affect student teachers' beliefs about geometry and their attitudes toward educational technology. Empirical data collected from students enrolled in a methods course include students' written assignment, transcription of online discussion, multimedia projects, and instructor's journal. The qualitative analysis of data revealed that two themes are particularly salient: 1) the student teachers' attitudes about using technology in classrooms had changed; and 2) for at least some of the student teachers, the fact that multimedia project focused on geometry positively affected their attitudes toward geometry and teaching geometry. Three cases are described of the impact that the use of technology had on student teachers' learning experience. Reflection on the experience and recommendations for design principles for teacher educators are presented.
Role of a novel mouse mutant of the Galnt2tm1Lat/tm1Lat gene in otitis media

Genetic susceptibility is one of the most important causes of otitis media (OM). Mutant Galnt2 homozygote (Galnt2 tm1Lat/tm1Lat) mimics human otitis media in comparable pathology and causes hearing loss. Otitis media is characterized by effusion and dysregulated mucosa proliferation and capillary expansion in the middle ear cavity, which is associated with hearing loss. The mucociliary dysfunction could be seen in the middle ear cavity (MEC) in a patient harboring the disease that develops in severity with age by a scanning electron microscope. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1), Muc5ac, and Muc5b upregulate the expression in the middle ear, which correlates with inflammation, craniofacial development, and mucin secretion. The mouse model with a mutation in the Galnt2 (Galnt2 tm1Lat/tm1Lat) was explored in this study as a novel model of human otitis media.