Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An integrated silicon anemometer

Describes some aspects of the research, development and the practical implementation of silicon anemometers based on the measurement of a temperature gradient in an electrically heated piece of silicon, 1.5 mm square. A square Wheatstone bridge consists of four p-type diffused resistors with a sheet resistance of about 300 ohm and with a length-to-width ratio of 45:1. The chip is placed in a fluid with its plane parallel to the fluid to be measured. Based on thermal feedback biasing and the use of CMOS technology a fully integrated sensor can be designed. With the use of etching techniques, both the hot film and the hot wire configuration can be made. Ambient temperature changes can be treated as an independent variable.
A new thrust in radar EMC design for the twenty first century

A review is presented of the technical requirements of MIL-STD-469 (Radar Engineering Design Requirements-Electromagnetic Compatibility), and the Radar Spectrum Engineering Criteria (RSEC) of the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) both of which are intended to restrict the radiated emissions spectra of defense radars to enhance electromagnetic compatibility, with other cosite communications electronics. Each of these standards contains technically contrasting procedures for determining maximum acceptable limits to radar emissions. In contrast with MIL-STD-469, the RSEC document to NTIA approaches the radar EMC (electromagnetic compatibility) problem from the perspective of relative limits on spectral emission bandwidth. A theoretical examination of compliance difficulties with MIL-STD-469 is presented and contrasted with the RSEC. The analysis uses the method of determining the bounds of the spectrum of a continuous-wave pulse formulated by S.J. Mason and H.J. Zimmermann (1960) together with a modification of this method by P.D. Newhouse (1982) for determining the bounds on the spectrum of an FM (chirp) pulse. <<ETX>>
Investigating the Rate of Company Compulsory Liquidation in the UK via Bayesian Inference and Frequentist Statistical Methods

In this paper, we investigate the rate of company compulsory liquidation (insolvency) (CCL) via Bayesian inference applied with the use of ‘OpenBUGS’ and ‘R’ software mediums. This study follows on from a previous ‘frequentist’ statistical based study of one of the authors and introduces the usefulness of Bayesian inference as the statistical tool. CCL occurs when a company creditor successfully petitions the courts for a winding up order. There are a finite number of variables that can affect the possibility of company creditors instigating CCL. The model in this study included those variables found to be statistically significant within the data range contained in the previous ‘frequentist’ study. We commence by presenting the model from the previous ‘frequentist’ study along with an analysis of the results of that study. We then introduce the concept of Bayesian inference to the study and apply the inference to the ‘frequentist’ model, and analyse the results of the new model. Finally, we then compare the two sets of findings and report our conclusions, and the implications for the modeling of insolvencies.
A laboratory-oriented paradigm for undergraduate analog CMOS microsystems design and education

There is a widespread interest in teaching analog microsystem design at the undergraduate level. The author discusses a means to address the problem of introducing a laboratory component into analog CMOS microsystems design at the undergraduate level by development of an analog CMOS VLSI design resource kit. This kit is to be made available to educators nationwide. <<ETX>>
A comparative study of two DC/DC converter topologies for telecommunications

Contemporary telecommunication systems demand small size power supplies with a high level of electromagnetic capability and low power dissipation. Resonant power conversion topologies meeting these requirements have been available and successfully implemented in practice for a decade. A phase-shifted, pulse-width modulated (PWM) converter topology has been proposed aiming to combine the resonant soft-switching mechanism (featuring low switching losses) with the effectiveness of the PWM-control method (featuring low conduction losses). An extensive comparison between a parallel resonant converter and phase-shifted PWM converter over various operating conditions has been accomplished. Both topologies have been designed to comply with technical specifications typical for telecommunications. The complexities of the comparison mean that one topology cannot be considered more favourable than the other unless a set of operating specifications is defined. In terms of converter efficiency alone, above 70% of full rated output power the performances are very similar. Soft-switched PWM is slightly more efficient in the mid load range, but not at light loads when soft-switching operation is lost. The severe EMI problems and difficulty in manufacturing consistently phase-shifted PWM topology has also been discussed. It has been concluded in summary that the advantages of the parallel resonant converter outweigh those of phase-shifted PWM converter if they are designed to meet typical telecommunication requirements.
How and why silicon sensors are becoming more and more intelligent?

This paper describes the historical evolution of silicon detectors from simple strip configurations to hybrid pixel detectors for high energy physics applications. This development has been critical to maintain the necessary physics performance in the high-rate and high-density environment of the LHC . The importance of pixel detectors and their evolution for future projects and other fields is also described.
Defining a Desirable, Achievable End State in Military Operations Other than War: The Role of The Operational Commander.

Abstract : In conventional wars the desired outcome is normally quite straightforward, with victory over the enemy solidly indicating a successful conclusion. In military operations other than war (MOOTW), however, it is often difficult to pin down just what the outcome, or end state, is expected to be. Although our joint doctrine states that the National Command Authorities should define a desired end state before committing troops to action, the reality is that military forces are often committed to MOOTW before an end state or even an exit strategy has been outlined. If an end state/exit strategy is to be defined before commencement of an operation, it is quite probable that the operational commander will be the principal catalyst in making this happen. This paper examines the role of the operational commander in defining a desirable, achievable end state, both before and after forces have been committed to a MOOTW. Since the operational commander is in the best position to advise political leaders on specific military capabilities as well as limitations, a framework is enumerated to assist the operational commander in preparing credible, concrete recommendations regarding the potential use of force, and to what end.
Full-Scale Pseudodynamic Testing of Self-Centering Steel Plate Shear Walls

AbstractThis paper presents the first full-scale experimental investigation of the self-centering steel plate shear wall (SC-SPSW) system. The SC-SPSW system is a lateral force-resisting system developed to provide system recentering and limit structural damage to easily replaceable energy dissipating fuses (i.e., thin steel web plates). Recentering is provided by posttensioned (PT) beam-to-column connections. This test program is composed of two two-story SC-SPSW specimens, each with a different PT beam-to-column connection. For one specimen, connections rock about both beam flanges; for the other, connections rock about the top beam flange only. Both specimens incorporated a posttensioned column base detail to further promote recentering and damage mitigation. The specimens were tested pseudodynamically using excitations representing three different seismic hazard levels. Results show that the SC-SPSW system is capable of meeting and exceeding the specified performance objectives.
Lógica Paraconsistente Anotada Aplicada na Detecção de Ataques DDoS em Redes SDN∗

Este artigo curto avalia o uso da Lógica Paraconsistente Anotada (LPA) para detecção de ataques de negação de serviços distribuídos (DDoS) em Redes Deﬁnidas por Software (SDN). Foi desenvolvido um sistema intitulado LPAprog que faz a detecção dos ataques através do Quadrado Unitário de Plano Cartesiano (QUPC) em uma rede emulada pelo Mininet, com controlador POX. O LPAprog indica os graus de descrenças nos quadros reticulados e calcula os pesos através da quantidade total de pacotes, quantidade de pacotes SYN e FIN. Os resultados do sistema LPAprog mostram a eﬁciência na detecção dos ataques DDoS SYN-Flooding em ciclos e janelas de tamanho acima de 200 pacotes e a partir de 10 segundos.
Selecting a Within- or Between-Subject Design for Mediation: Validity, Causality, and Statistical Power

Abstract Researchers with mediation hypotheses must consider which design to use: within-subject or between-subject? In this paper, I argue that three factors should influence design choice: validity, causality, and statistical power. Threats to validity include carry-over effects, participant awareness, measurement, and more. Causality is a core element of mediation, and the assumptions required for causal inference differ between the two designs. Between-subject designs require more restrictive no-confounder assumptions, but within-subject designs require the assumption of no carry-over effects. Statistical power should be higher in within-subject designs, but the degree and conditions of this advantage are unknown for mediation analysis. A Monte Carlo simulation compares designs under a broad range of sample sizes, effect sizes, and correlations among repeated measurements. The results show within-subject designs require about half the sample size of between-subject designs to detect indirect effects of the same size, but this difference can vary with population parameters. I provide an empirical example and R script for conducting power analysis for within-subject mediation analysis. Researchers interested in conducting mediation analysis should not select within-subject designs merely because of higher power, but they should also consider validity and causality in their decision, both of which can favor between-subject designs.
A novel zero-voltage switched PWM boost converter

A novel, zero-voltage switched (ZVS) PWM boost converter that combines soft-switching with constant frequency operation is proposed in this paper. This converter can be operated with PWM control at a fixed frequency because ZVS operation is achieved with a simple auxiliary resonant circuit that is activated for only a small fraction of the switching period and handles much less power than the main power circuit. In the paper, the modes of operation of the converter are explained and analyzed, and a set of design guidelines is developed. The feasibility of the converter is shown with results obtained from an experimental prototype. <<ETX>>
A Novel Cross Channel Self-Attention based Approach for Facial Attribute Editing

Although significant progress has been made in synthesizing visually realistic face images by Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), there still lacks effective approaches to provide fine-grained control over the generation process for semantic facial attribute editing. In this work, we propose a novel cross channel self-attention based generative adversarial network (CCA-GAN), which weights the importance of multiple channels of features and archives pixel-level feature alignment and conversion, to reduce the impact on irrelevant attributes while editing the target attributes. Evaluation results show that CCA-GAN outperforms state-of-the-art models on the CelebA dataset, reducing Fréchet Inception Distance (FID) and Kernel Inception Distance (KID) by 15~28% and 25~100%, respectively. Furthermore, visualization of generated samples confirms the effect of disentanglement of the proposed model.
Thin beam bulk micromachining based on RIE and xenon difluoride silicon etching

A new process for fabricating thin mechanical beam structures from single crystal silicon is developed. Lateral and vertical dimensions of the beam can be precisely defined. The beam is positioned in the middle of a silicon wafer at exactly equal distances from both sides. The beam design is not limited by crystal orientations of silicon. The silicon beam structure is essentially stress-free because the whole structure is made of uniformly doped single crystal silicon. This thin beam process offers significantly expanded design freedom to bulk silicon micromachining. Additionally, a very high aspect ratio silicon dioxide structure can be fabricated with a similar technique.
Real-Time Predictive Analytics, Big Data & Energy Market Efficiency: Key to Efficient Markets and Lower Prices for Consumers

The combination of evolving deregulation of the US and EU energy markets together with recent advances in data analytics and so called 'Big Data' technologies now offers an unprecedented opportunity for optimal real-time energy pricing for buyers and sellers alike. The main challenge to date for optimal pricing has been optimal real-time bidding and variety of traditional data analysis tools have been applied to this challenge. Yet inefficiencies remain due to the volatile nature of the real-time market. Energy data science is the best solution to protect consumers against the electricity market's inefficiencies. This field is the meeting point between computer programming, machine learning, big data, quantitative analysis and economics. Energy data science is used to help the consumer predict what price they should offer to buy at each hour and closes gaps in the electric markets.
Research and Design of Capsule-like Robot Wireless Powering System Based on Class-E Inverter

The power supply problem is one of the main problems facing the capsule-like robot technology. There are many issues worthy of further exploration. Such as the transmitter power and efficiency is not high, the performance can be greatly reduced when increase the using frequency, coil position stability problems and many other issues. Aiming at these problems, the paper studies on the method of improving the transmitter power, efficiency and operating frequency. This system chooses the class-E inverter as the transmitter of the inverter, make optimization design and parametric modelling of class-E inverter. This paper analyzed the transmitter circuit characteristics, parameters of actual circuit on the circuit performance. Finally, This paper tested the wireless power supply system. The test results show that, the wireless power supply system has high frequency, high power, high efficiency, and the loop current with the input power supply voltage is in linear relation, the system has good repetition.
Decentralized controller design of web tension control system in terms of interactions

A web tension control system has a structure of multi-inputs and multi-outputs with strong interconnections, with decentralized information processing. The interactions among the input signals should be estimated sufficiently to assure appropriate stability and performance of the decentralized control system. This paper shows some guidelines for designing the decentralized web tension control system with a disjoint decomposition structure. The interactions are viewed with a technique of interaction measures. The guidelines for PI controller design are described based on those calculated results.
Linksventrikuläre Funktionsdiagnostik

Zusammenfassung Die Analyse der linksventrikulären (LV) Funktion ist eine der Hauptaufgaben in der Echokardiografie und hat entscheidende Bedeutung für Therapieentscheidungen (medikamentös, chirurgisch/interventionell, Device-Implantation) und Prognose. Aus diesen Gründen ist sie Bestandteil jeder echokardiografischen Evaluation. Seit den Anfängen mittels M-Mode hat die Methode eine Entwicklung mit Implementierung neuer Technologien wie 2-D- und 3-D-Echokardiografie und Doppler- sowie zuletzt Mustererkennungs-basierte Strainanalyse genommen. So wird eine exaktere Quantifizierung der LV-Funktion ermöglicht, die die Therapiesteuerung mittels Echokardiografie verbessert. Hier wird die aktuelle echokardiografische Evaluation der systolischen und diastolischen LV-Funktion dargestellt.
Application of Neural Network for Prediction of Unmeasured Mode Shape in Damage Detection

The major problem in the vibration-based damage detection field is still a limited number of sensors and the existence of uncertainties. In this paper, a new approach combines a multi-stage ANN model and statistical method to detect damage based on the limited number of sensors with consideration of uncertainties. The first stage of the ANN is used to predict the unmeasured mode shapes data based on limited measured modal data. The second stage ANN is devoted to predicting the damage location and severity using the complete modal data from the first-stage ANN. To incorporate the uncertainties in modal data, Gaussian noise is applied to the input variables and the probability of damage existence is calculated using Rosenblueth's point estimate method. The feasibility of the proposed method is demonstrated using an analytical model of a continuous two-span reinforced concrete slab. The application of a multi-stage ANN showed results having a high potential of overcoming the issue of using a limited number of sensors in structural health monitoring.
Optimization of Broadband Top-Load Antenna Using Micro-Genetic Algorithm

Top-loaded dipole antenna with four parasitic elements is analyzed using the Method of Moments. The micro-genetic algorithm is employed to optimize the geometer parameters of the antenna for improving the antenna's electrical characteristic. The top-loaded antenna is with broadband and omni-directional in the azimuth plane pattern. The numerical results are presented and discussed.
Experimental Comparison of Performances of Grid Connected Small Wind Energy Conversion Systems

This paper presents an experimental comparative study of performances in terms of efficiency on two possible grid connected small wind turbine systems. One of the systems is based on Permanent Magnet Generator (PMG) and the other system is based on Wound Rotor Induction Generator (WRIG). The Power Conditioning System (PCS) for grid connection of the PMG-based system requires a rectifier, boost converter and a grid-tie inverter, while the WRIG-based system employs a rectifier, a switch and an external resistance in the rotor side with the stator directly connected to the grid. Experimental test benches for both systems are implemented using Wind Turbine Emulator (WTE) and Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) control strategy. The procedure for calculate the PCS losses, energy capture and energy loss is presented. The expected efficiency of the systems is investigated for wind distributions at eight sites in Newfoundland and Labrador. It is shown that a WRIG-based system could provide 5% higher efficiency in contrast to a PMG-based system and could be an optimum alternative in the small wind energy domain.
Development of the infrastructure for a multi-agent traffic management system simulation

This document contains detailed description of the design and the implementation of a multi-agent application controlling traffic lights in a city together with a system for simulating traffic and testing. The goal of this thesis is to design and build a simplified intelligent and distributed solution to the problem with the traffic in the big cities following different good practices in order to allow future refining of the model of the real world. The problem of the traffic in the big cities is still a problem that cannot be solved. Not only is the increasing number of cars a reason for the traffic jams, but also the way the traffic is organized. Usually, the intersections with traffic lights are replaced by roundabouts or interchanges to increase the number of cars that can cross the intersection in certain time. But still there are places where the infrastructure cannot be changed and the traffic light semaphores are the only way to control the car flows. In real life, the traffic lights have a predefined plan for change or they receive information from a centralized system when and how they have to change. But what if the traffic lights can cooperate and decide on their own when and how to change? Using this problem, the purpose of the thesis is to explore different agent-based software engineering approaches to design and build a non-conventional distributed system. From the software engineering point of view, the goal of the thesis is to apply the knowledge and use the skills, acquired during the various courses of the master program in Software Engineering, while solving a practical and complex problem such as the traffic in the cities.
Probabilistic assessment of available transfer capability considering spatial correlation in wind power integrated system

With the increasing integration of wind farms, modification of current tools for evaluating and managing power systems such as available transfer capability (ATC) becomes an important issue. This study presents a computationally accurate and efficient method in evaluating ATC with large amount of uncertainty based on Latin hypercube sampling (LHS) and scenario clustering techniques. LHS is used in Monte Carlo simulation to select a system state with high sampling efficiency and good precision. Cholesky decomposition is combined into the sampling process to deal with the dependencies among input random variables. The sampled scenarios are clustered by vector quantification clustering algorithm, which contributes to the fast calculation of ATC evaluation for numerous scenarios. Finally, a sensitivity method based on optimal power flow is proposed for the clustered scenarios. The case studies, with the IEEE reliability test system, illustrate the advantages of the proposed method that largely reduces the computation burden under the premise of ensuring its accuracy. The results also verify the obvious enhancement of spatially correlated wind power on the volatility of ATC.