Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Alignment of High‐Latitude Ionospheric and Thermospheric Lagrangian Coherent Structures

The storm‐time ionospheric‐thermospheric (IT) state is of great interest, since the IT dynamics change dramatically as energy is input and dissipated in the upper atmosphere. Lagrangian coherent structures (LCSs), which are objective ridges in time‐evolving flows that describe the tendency of neighboring fluid elements to separate, provides a unique opportunity to infer the dynamics in the IT system. In this work, we model IT flows with the Thermosphere‐Ionosphere‐Electrodynamics General Circulation Model and identify the LCSs. We compare the LCSs in the neutral winds and plasma drifts during quiet times versus during active times. We find that LCSs are largely aligned in the modeled IT flows, with a dawn‐dusk asymmetry in their latitudinal position. During a geomagnetic storm, the thermospheric LCSs (T‐LCSs) and ionospheric LCSs (I‐LCSs) shift equatorward, align more closely with each other, and maintain a dawn‐dusk asymmetry. The collocation of T‐LCSs and I‐LCSs and their analogous response to the geomagnetic storm provide evidence of energy input into the thermosphere and ionosphere simultaneously, and the ion drag is the dominant effect causing LCS alignment during a geomagnetic storm.
Classification of Amanita Species Based on Bilinear Networks with Attention Mechanism

The accurate classification of Amanita is helpful to its research on biological control and medical value, and it can also prevent mushroom poisoning incidents. In this paper, we constructed the Bilinear convolutional neural networks (B-CNN) with attention mechanism model based on transfer learning to realize the classification of Amanita. When the model is trained, the weight on ImageNet is used for pre-training, and the Adam optimizer is used to update network parameters. In the test process, images of Amanita at different growth stages were used to further test the generalization ability of the model. After comparing our model with other models, the results show that our model greatly reduces the number of parameters while achieving high accuracy (95.2%) and has good generalization ability. It is an efficient classification model, which provides a new option for mushroom classification in areas with limited computing resources.
Compressive Covariance Sensing-Based Power Spectrum Estimation of Real-Valued Signals Subject to Sub-Nyquist Sampling

In this work, an estimate of the power spectrum of a real-valued wide-sense stationary autoregressive signal is computed from sub-Nyquist or compressed measurements in additive white Gaussian noise. The problem is formulated using the concepts of compressive covariance sensing and Blackman-Tukey nonparametric spectrum estimation. Only the second-order statistics of the original signal, rather than the signal itself, need to be recovered from the compressed signal. This is achieved by solving the resulting overdetermined system of equations by application of least squares, thereby circumventing the need for applying the complicated - minimization otherwise required for the reconstruction of the original signal. Moreover, the signal need not be spectrally sparse. A study of the performance of the power spectral estimator is conducted taking into account the properties of the different bases of the covariance subspace needed for compressive covariance sensing, as well as different linear sparse rulers by which compression is achieved. A method is proposed to benefit from the possible computational efficiency resulting from the use of the Fourier basis of the covariance subspace without considerably affecting the spectrum estimation performance.
Technical feasibility of natural antioxidant recovery from the mixture of the inedible fractions of vegetables produced in a wholesale market

ABSTRACT The study evaluated the technical feasibility of directly using the mixture of the inedible fractions of vegetables collected in a wholesale market, for the recovery of a (poly)-phenolic extract with antioxidant capacity. First, the characterization of the leaves and stems of broccoli, celery, carrots, beetroots, cauliflower and cabbage was carried out. Subsequently, the technical feasibility of the recovery of antioxidant compounds from the mixture of these vegetables was analyzed, using a fractional factorial design tailored for screening of the process conditions. Finally, a freeze-dried powdered product was obtained from the extract previously concentrated by vacuum evaporation. The results showed that the product had a total phenolic content of 1752 ± 58 GAE/100 g and antioxidant capacity of 1020 ± 44 mg Fe2+/100 g of dry powder. These inedible vegetable wastes could be an attractive source of natural antioxidants to obtain high added-value products with diverse uses as food and feed techno-functional ingredients.
INFLUÊNCIA DO PROCESSO DE BENEFICIAMENTO NA QUALIDADE DE AMÊNDOAS DE CAST ANHA-DO-BRASIL Influence of Brazil nut processing on the quality of nuts

Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa H.B.K.) is an important raw material. It constitutes a basic stable of the population living in the Amazon region. Due to high unsaturated lipid content, around 60 to 70% is highly perishable. Moreover, inadequate processing practices result in high broken or damaged nuts. The objective this work was to make a comparative study of the physicochemical properties, mineral contents, lipids, and essential amino acid profiles between intact and highly damaged Brazil nut. All samples were stored in the same conditions. Samples were stored during three months at room temperature.The mineral profile of both samples did not show significant variation in total contents. It resulted, however, in significant loss of unsaturated fatty acids such as oleic and linoleic acid, besides essential amino acid, specially lysine. This fact can imply a reduction in the nutritional and sensory properties of the nut.
SERS Spectra of Oligonucleotides as Fingerprints to Detect Label-Free RNA in Microfluidic Devices

Probing specific RNA sequences is an issue of major significance for which fluorescence dominates most of the investigation strategies and relies heavily on the use of specific labels. In this paper, we report the detection by SERS (surface-enhanced Raman scattering) of unlabeled model purified oligonucleotides RNA polyadenosine (5′-AAAAAAAAAA-3′) and polycytosine (5′-CCCCCCCCCC-3′) combining silver nanoparticles as enhancing surfaces with microfluidic platforms to control species movement and the aggregation state of the nanoparticles, which is critical for the sensitivity. Two types of microfluidic platforms have been evaluated and compared: one based on laminar streams and the other involving flowing droplets acting as chemical reactors. Both platforms provide homogeneous and controlled mixing conditions of nanoparticles with oligonucleotides: laminar streams induce mixing driven by diffusion, whereas droplets permit fast and efficient mixing through internal fluid recirculation and prevent channel clo.
A New Diploid Parthenogenetic Whiptail Lizard from Sonora, Mexico, Is the “Missing Link” in the Evolutionary Transition to Polyploidy

Transitions between sexual and unisexual reproductive modes have significant consequences for the evolutionary trajectories of species. These transitions have occurred numerous times in vertebrates and are frequently mediated by hybridization events. Triploid unisexual vertebrates are thought to arise through hybridization between individuals of a diploid unisexual lineage and a sexual species, although additional evidence that confirms this mechanism is needed in numerous groups. North American whiptail lizards (Aspidoscelis) are notable for being one of the largest radiations of unisexual vertebrates, and the most diverse group of Aspidoscelis includes numerous triploid lineages that have no known diploid unisexual ancestors. This pattern of “missing” ancestors may result from the short evolutionary life span of unisexual lineages or the selective advantages of polyploidy, or it could suggest that alternative mechanisms of triploid formation are operating in nature. We leverage genomic, morphological, and karyotypic data to describe a new diploid unisexual whiptail and show that it is likely the unisexual progenitor of an extant triploid lineage, A. opatae. We also resolve patterns of polyploidization within the A. sexlineatus species group and test predictions about the phenotypic outcomes of hybridization.
Intrusion Detection System for AES Encripted Low-Power IoT Networks

The introduction of the IPv6 protocol solved the problem of providingaddresses to network devices. With the emergence of the Internetof Things (IoT), there was also the need to develop a protocolthat would assist in connecting low-power devices. The 6LoWPANprotocols were created for this purpose. However, such protocolsinherited the vulnerabilities and threats related to Denial of Service(DoS) attacks from the IPv4 and IPv6 protocols. In this paper, weprepare a network environment for low-power IoT devices usingCOOJA simulator and Contiki operating system to analyze theenergy consumption of devices. Besides, we propose an IntrusionDetection System (IDS) associated with the AES symmetric encryptionalgorithm for the detection of reflection DoS attacks. Thesymmetric encryption has proven to be an appropriate methoddue to low implementation overhead, not incurring in large powerconsumption, and keeping a high level of system security. The maincontributions of this paper are: (i) implementation of a reflectionattack algorithm for IoT devices; (ii) implementation of an intrusiondetection system using AES encryption; (iii) comparison ofthe power consumption in three distinct scenarios: normal messageexchange, the occurrence of a reflection attack, and runningIDS algorithm. Finally, the results presented show that the IDSwith symmetric cryptography meets the security requirements andrespects the energy limits of low-power sensors.
Migmatite rheology of crustal catazone: An example from the SSE part of T. Sundupalle granite‐greenstone terrain, Eastern Dharwar Craton, India

The southern basement of the Cuddapah Basin comprises the Dharwar Batholith and greenstone belt complex. Granitoids of the batholith exhibit extensive variation in terms of geomorphology, age, mineralogy, and micro/meso scale structures. The eastern part of Dharwar Craton along 13°50′ to 14°8′N latitude and 78°45′ to 79°05′E longitude was studied to enlighten the rheological influence on crustal evolution. Frequent occurrences of migmatites of restricted dimension are observed in the south of 14°10′N latitude. The granite‐migmatite contacts are not sharp in general. Different types of migmatite complex and their relationships with granitoids as well as older country rocks represent an exhumed segment of the crustal catazone. The widespread group of migmatitic rocks are classified in a composite manner on the basis of morphology and structure. Furthermore, genetic implication vis‐a‐vis anatexis history is also evaluated. Static and dynamic modes of migmatites are recognized with reference to geothermal gradient and tectonics. Based on the degree of anatexis, two categories of migmatites are identified in the field, that is, metatexites and diatexites. In addition, metatexites are classified into four sub‐types (viz, patch, dilatant, net, and stromatic) and diatexites are also sub‐divided into two categories (viz, schollen or raft and schlieren). The hybrid nature of migmatitic rocks with both metamorphic and igneous characteristics are used to analyse pre‐ and post‐anatectic events. The preserved evidences of partial melting are marked as leucocratic patches. In situ stagnation of the melt or subsequent separation from the remaining solid provides different morphology of static mode. Importance of dihedral angle at solid–liquid contacts is also considered in the present context to describe the grain boundary penetration by partial melt. Folds, veins, and boudins of different styles and generations played significant role in dynamic mode migmatitization. The syn‐ and post‐metamorphic deformation events and granite melt generation from migmatites are schematically defined. Spatial and temporal relationships of schist‐gneiss‐migmatites of both static as well as dynamic mode reveal initiation of the crustal development by vertical accretion of ultramafic‐mafic lava and TTG. Cyclic partial remelting of the metabasic lava and TTG and underplating led to development of the lithospheric plate. Later upwelling material at convergent plate and associated heat transfer led to generation of granitic magma. The established prograde and retrograde cycle of metamorphism were possibly interrupted by crustal reworking events. This study confirms about the crustal catazone segment (with >15 km depth and >500°C) in which physical processes control generation, segregation, ascent, and emplacement of juvenile granite from migmatites.
A distributed dynamic authorisation method for Internet+ medical & healthcare data access based on consortium blockchain

ABSTRACT Privacy protection to medical & healthcare data is one of the bottleneck problems in Internet information fusion. In order to balance data processing capability with privacy concerns, a distributed dynamic authorisation method based on blockchain is proposed to realise trustworthy data access. URLs (Universal Resource Locator) are included in the authorisation information to indicate the data access interface as well as separating patients’ privacy data from blockchain to improve data process efficiency. The contents of smart contracts are demonstrated in a case study to validate the usability of the proposed authorisation method in medical data access between different hospitals.
Characterization of Carnivorous Plants Sarracenia Purpurea L. Transformed with Agrobacterium Rhizogenes

Carnivorous plant of Sarracenia genus are used by human in folk medicine for centuries. The reason for this phenomenon is biochemical composition of Sarracenia plants, which possess many bioactive compounds with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiviral and antibacterial properties.The subject of this research was genetic transformation of Sarracenia purpurea L. with Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain 15834, 9402 and A4 by using two alternatively methods of bacterial injection or co-culture the bacteria with plants explants. These studies confirmed the possibility of hairy roots induction in S. purpurea using the strain of A. rhizogenes 15834 and the injection method. Seven lines of transformed plants, exhibiting the integration of rolB gene, were obtained. The formed hairy roots showed morphological differences in comparison to the roots of unmodified plants. A mathematical model was used to optimize the conditions for the extraction of bioactive compounds. Extracts isolated under optimal conditions from transformed plants showed biochemical changes i.e., the increase in the accumulation of total polyphenols and triterpenes in comparison to untransformed plants, especially when induced roots were analyzed. HPLC analysis showed increase in the level of betulinic acid in some transformed Sarracenia lines. Betulinic acid remains pentacyclic triterpenoid compound with high pharmacological significance. The further work connected with isolation and identification of the other bioactive compounds will be done in the nearest future.
The Combined Effect of Dichloroacetate and 3-Bromopyruvate in Colorectal Cancer Cell Line, HT-29; The Mitochondrial Pathway Apoptosis

Hojatolla Nikravesh Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Mohammad Javad Khodayar Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Babak Behmanesh Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Masoud Mahdavinia (  mahdavimasoud@yahoo.com ) Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Ali Teimoori Hamadan University of Medical Sciences Soheila Alboghobeish Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Leila Zeidooni Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences
Produção e comercialização de espécies vegetais nativas ornamentais no Rio Grande do Sul

As espécies nativas vegetais no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (RS) estão cada vez mais isoladas em fragmentos devido especialmente à conversão dos ecossistemas naturais, pelo uso de agrotóxicos e, ainda, ameaçadas pela possibilidade de erosão genética. A conservação pelo uso pode ser uma alternativa para garantir a perpetuação destas espécies, incluindo a possibilidade de utilização do potencial ornamental nativo. Com base em revisão da legislação estadual e federal vigentes no segundo semestre de 2018, este trabalho elencou as principais etapas para legalização da produção e comercialização de mudas e sementes de espécies nativas para fins ornamentais no contexto do Estado do RS. Foram consultadas 1.158 normas legais, dentre as quais 64 apresentavam informações acerca do tema. Com base nessa revisão observou-se a necessidade de determinadas etapas para obtenção de autorização para emprego comercial de plantas nativas na esfera ambiental e da agricultura, tanto estadual quanto federal. Atualmente há necessidade de realização de inúmeros procedimentos para produção e comercialização de mudas e sementes nativas, e em mais de um órgão, quando comparado aos procedimentos para conversão de vegetação, para a qual pode ser necessário recorrer a um único órgão. Este exemplo expõe as dificuldades para utilização sustentável da biodiversidade nativa em detrimento de atividades degradadoras, e desestimula ou inviabiliza a iniciativa de pessoas no ramo. O RS avançou no processo para uso sustentável de plantas nativas nas últimas décadas, mas há necessidade de construção de políticas ambientais que estimulem estas atividades e ainda garantam a conservação genética.
Family and Social Environmental Factors in the Effects on Family Resilience: A Systematic Literature Review

Families often face extremely challenging experiences or crises caused by various factors. It is important to understand how family members give each other support when problems occur in the family, how one solve the problems, and how one rebuild their lives after the transition. Therefore it is crucial to understand how family could rise from various problems that occur, which is known as family resilience. This study aims to compare family and social environmental factors in building family resilience and what problem to be considered the most as a trait to family resilience. The method used in this research is systematic literature review on the Science Direct and Google Scholar database, using the following keyword: "Family AND Resilience AND Factor". Results of the data analysis show that family environment is oftenly considered as a forming factor of family resilience and most study focus on family member’s health problems. This shows that family member’s physical or mental health problems are considered as a risk factor to the family resilience. Both family and social environment need to show support to create family resilience, such as attention and encouragement. Family environmental factors are crucial, however it is not enough. It needs support from the social environment as well to form family resilience. Further research is needed to find effective interventions to make a good family and social environment that could create family resilience.
CRITICAL FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH THE ACCESS TO BANK CREDIT: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY

Purpose of the study: The purpose of the current study is to get subjective information from SMEs about their views and elicit the experience of getting loans and why not getting loans. Methodology: This study has been used qualitative research and findings have been gathered using face-to-face in-depth semi-structured interviews. Main Findings: Findings showed that there are two types of SME firms categorized in 1) Firms that are willing to take a loan but unable to get them and 2) Firms that have access to finance but don’t want to obtain them, different themes have been extracted from the aforementioned categorization. Applications of this study: This research can be effective to develop an economy in terms of employment generation, human resource development, value addition, poverty alleviation, income equality, entrepreneurial culture, and innovation, and Pakistan is no exception in this regard. Novelty/Originality of this study: The study is contributing to running a manufacturing unit, usually a large land area is required. Moreover, business locations are preferred near to markets for ease of doing business. Since all these preferred choices require a lot of money to incur for capital expenditure which is hardly available for SMEs.
Evaluating an iron-coated sand for removing copper from water

In drinking water treatment systems, the conventional process (coagulation, sedimentation and filtration units) cannot remove trace metals efficiently. Iron oxide is an excellent, regenerable adsorbent, and often controls free metals through adsorption. The utilization of heating process for coating iron oxide on sand surface allowed the media to be used in a packed column. The adsorbent media were investigated for removing copper ions from water using both batch and column experimental methods. A one-dimensional convective-dispersive transport model with a combination of second-order kinetic adsorption equation was adopted for predicting copper retention in a 80 cm depth filter bed. The concentration of copper ions in influent ranged from 0.64 to 3.2 mg/l. The experimental results indicated that the copper could be removed completely until the breakpoint. Once breakthrough occurred, the regeneration of the media could be achieved by soaking with acid solution (pH = 3.0). The simulation results of the transport-adsorption equation fit experimental data quite well. Consequently, the coated sand can be applied for the conventional rapid filtration process to remove copper ions from water.
The importance of socio‐emotional considerations in online communities, social informatics, and information science

Alongside cognitive and social phenomena, many scholars have examined emotional and affective considerations in information science, but a potential emotional or affective paradigm has not coalesced to the extent of the social or cognitive paradigms. We argue information science research should integrate the social paradigm, as offered by social informatics, with affective and emotional considerations: a socio‐emotional paradigm. A review of existing literature and findings from users' motivations to participate on the Academia section of the Stack Exchange social questioning‐and‐answering site make our case. We uncovered tensions between the intended information‐centric focus of the community and users who believed social, emotional, and affective considerations needed to be foregrounded, speaking to online communities acting as boundary objects, with the “fit” for one user or community not always the same as for another. An integrated socio‐emotional paradigm shows much strength for social informatics and information science research, including uncovering hidden concerns and differences in values, as in our study. Affective and emotional research, often bubbling under in information science, should rise to the surface is not so much a paradigm shift but an integration of social, emotional, and affective considerations into a socio‐emotional paradigm.