Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Including local knowledge in coastal policy innovation: comparing three Dutch case studies

ABSTRACT In the context of a growing emphasis on research and application of citizen engagement methods in environmental planning and management (e.g. Reed 2008; Von Korff et al. 2010), we compare three collaborative activities aimed at finding innovative coastal policy solutions in the Netherlands. In these activities, participants across the citizen, science and policy divide were involved in designing nature-based interventions for specific areas in the Netherlands. The activities are compared in terms of the theoretical promise stakeholder engagement holds for influencing participants’ understanding of the respective bio-geophysical systems, the actor networks and for effecting knowledge sharing. We find local knowledge offers the potential for crafting coastal policy solutions to fit the specific bio-geophysical and societal context. The empirical analysis revealed the deep competence of local people, who generally understand their lived environment in a systemic way, and the knowledge that can be harvested to broaden and enrich the design space for coastal solutions – in addition to a willingness on the part of the stakeholders to collaborate in developing local solutions for sustainable futures. Although measures to reduce power differences and enable local knowledge inclusion served to broaden the design space for innovative solutions in our case studies, they also constrained the scientific and technical quality of the contributions from professional experts such as bio-geophysical scientists, engineers, spatial planners and policy analysts. As such, future work addressing the dilemma of integrating high quality professional inputs into coastal policy solutions founded on local expertise is advocated.
Discharge characteristics of actual winding turn-to-turn structure inside transformers under oscillating switching impulse voltage

In this work a real winding turn-to-turn model is designed and manufactured and the discharge characteristics of the model is studied. Both the standard switching impulse wave and the oscillating switching impulse wave are considered in the impulse withstand test, and the selected waves are in line with IEC 60060-3 standard. During the experiment, the partial discharge pulse sequence, breakdown voltage, and discharge time lag are obtained. The results show that as the voltage amplitude increases, the number of partial discharge pulses increases significantly. The partial discharge pulses are concentrated on the peak of the oscillation period under the oscillating switching impulse voltage. And the waveform oscillation has little effect on the breakdown characteristics of the winding, and the breakdown often occurs at the peak of the first cycle. This paper provides experimental support for studying the influence of oscillating waves and double-exponential waves on the insulation characteristics of transformers.
Conflict or Collaboration—The Impact of Knowledge Endowment Heterogeneity on Remix in Open Collaborative Communities

With the emergence of online open platforms and communities, remix has drawn much attention as an essential source of innovation whereby the knowledge endowment of online community users plays a crucial role. This study constructs a structural equation model to explore the impact of user knowledge endowment heterogeneity on remix through the mediating effect of their collaborative psychology. In this empirical study, we collected 25,032 pieces of data from Thingiverse (a 3D printing community) users and their published designs. The findings are as follows. Explicit knowledge endowment heterogeneity has a positive impact on the quantity of remix but a negative impact on its quality. Likewise, the implicit knowledge endowment heterogeneity positively affects the quantity of remix but has no significant effect on its quality. Users’ conflicting psychology plays a mediating role between knowledge endowment heterogeneity and remix, while their collaborative psychology negatively mediates merely between explicit knowledge endowment heterogeneity and remix quality. By unraveling the relationship between user knowledge endowment heterogeneity, collaborative psychology, and remix, this study is significant in understanding users’ remix process in open collaborative communities and illuminating their psychological mechanism in this process.
Time of Day-Dependent Alteration of Hippocampal Rac1 Activation Regulates Contextual Fear Memory in Rats

Fear memory in species varies according to the time of the day. Although the underlying molecular mechanisms have been extensively explored, they remain largely unknown. Here, we report that hippocampal Rac1 activity undergoes a time of day-dependent alteration both in nocturnal rats and diurnal tree shrews and that training at the lower hippocampal Rac1 activation period during the night leads to better contextual fear memory in rats. Furthermore, day and night reversion by 24 h darkness/24 h light housing inverses the external clock time of hippocampal Rac1 activation, but the better contextual fear memory still coincides with the lower Rac1 activation in rats during the night. Interestingly, exogenous melatonin treatment promotes hippocampal Rac1 activity and impairs better contextual fear memory acquired at the lower Rac1 activation period during the night, and Rac1-specific inhibitor NSC23766 compromises the effect of melatonin. These results suggest that the time of day-dependent alteration of hippocampal Rac1 activation regulates contextual fear memory in rats by forgetting.
ТЕОРІЯ І МЕТОДИКА ПІДГОТОВКИ СПОРТСМЕНІВ RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GRIT PERSONALITY AND ANAEROBIC CAPACITY IN AMERICAN TAEKWONDO SPORTSMEN

Annotation Introduction: sports performance is influenced by multiple factors, among them, psychological traits, which have been shown to be fundamental for increasing sports performance Objective: to determine the relationship between the grit personality and anaerobic capacity in American taekwondo players. Method: a quantitative approach study with a descriptive-correlational scope, carried out in a population of (N = 121) male and female taekwondo players, belonging to the youth category, linked to Taekwondo camps associated with the American National Taekwondo Federation of the year 2019. Grit personality was measured using the Grit scale, anaerobic capacity using the run-based anaerobic sprint test (Rast) for its acronym in English. Results: the average anaerobic capacity obtained was 4716.15 (± 2265.80) in men and 3863.42 (± 1593.72) in women. The Grit personality in men and women was 3.96 (± 0.51) and 3.89 (± 0.39) respectively. It was possible to determine a strong positive and directly proportional relationship between the Grit personality and the anaerobic capacity corresponding to 0.384 * (P> 0.001) in men and 0.265 (P> 0.051) in women, this result being significant only in the male sex. Conclusions: it was possible to identify that a greater determination of the athlete can improve performance in running tests as in the case of the RAST, which suggests that an athlete with greater perseverance and passion for sports discipline can favor their physical performance.
Eliminating cross interference between multiple receivers to achieve targeted power distribution for a multi‐frequency multi‐load MCR WPT system

Simultaneous non-contact energy transmission for multiple loads with separate receiving coils is a remarkable advantage of magnetically coupled resonant (MCR) wireless power transfer (WPT). A novel multi-frequency driver configuration for MCR WPT system with multiple loads is proposed, where the receiving resonant tanks are severally tuned at different resonant frequencies to make the loads selective. A methodology of adjusting the resonant frequency of the transmitter is presented to satisfy diverse energy requirements of specific loads. However, the cross interference from non-targeted frequencies inherently exerts an influence between multiple receivers, and thus makes power allocation non-constrained through multi-coupling channels, which increase the difficulty of power control and parameters design. In order to reduce and further eliminate the influences of the cross interference and realise targeted power distribution for selective loads, three types of parallel and series resonant compensation circuits are introduced into receivers. By flexibly utilising the impedance characteristics of parallel and series resonant networks, the proposed compensation circuits are proved to be effective, significantly reducing the cross interference and exclusively delivering power to the selective loads corresponding to pre-tuned resonant frequencies. Finally, the experimental results from a prototype have confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
Correlation between Multilocus Sequence Typing and Antibiotic Resistance, Virulence Potential of Campylobacter jejuni Isolates from Poultry Meat

Campylobacter jejuni is a major foodborne pathogen and can be transmitted to human beings via the consumption of poultry products. This study aimed to determine antibiotic resistance and virulence potential of one hundred C. jejuni isolates from poultry meat and to explore the correlation between them and the multilocus sequence types (MLST). A total of 29 STs and 13 CCs were identified by MLST, of which 8 STs were first identified. The dominant ST was ST583 (21%), followed by ST42 (15%), ST61 (12%), and ST2276 (10%). Eighty-eight isolates showed resistance to at least one antibiotic. The resistance rate to fluoroquinolones was the highest (81%), followed by tetracycline (59%), whereas all the isolates were susceptible to erythromycin and telithromycin. Multi-antibiotic resistance was detected in 18 C. jejuni isolates. Great variability in the adhesion and invasion ability to Caco-2 cells was observed for the 100 isolates, with adhesion rates varying between 0.02% and 28.48%, and invasion rates varied from 0 to 6.26%. A correlation between STs and antibiotic resistance or virulence was observed. The ST61 isolates were significantly sensitive to CIP, while the TET resistance was significantly associated with ST354 and ST6175 complex. ST11326 showed substantially higher resistance to gentamicin and higher adhesion and invasion abilities to Caco-2 cells. The results helped improve our understanding of the potential hazard of different genotypes C. jejuni and provided critical information for the risk assessment of campylobacteriosis infection.
Streamlining analysis methods for large acoustic surveys using automatic detectors with operator validation

Passive acoustic surveys are becoming increasingly popular as a means of surveying for cetaceans and other marine species. These surveys yield large amounts of data, the analysis of which is time consuming and can account for a substantial proportion of the survey budget. Semi‐automatic processes enable the bulk of processing to be conducted automatically while allowing analyst time to be reserved for validating and correcting detections and classifications. Existing modules within the Passive Acoustic Monitoring software PAMGuard were used to process a large (25.4 Terabyte) dataset collected during towed acoustic ship transits. The recently developed ‘Multi‐Hypothesis Tracking Click Train Detector’ and the ‘Whistle and Moan Detector’ modules were used to identify occasions within the dataset at which vocalising toothed whales (odontocetes) were likely to be acoustically present. These putative detections were then reviewed by an analyst, with false positives being corrected. Target motion analysis provided a perpendicular distance to odontocete click events enabling the estimation of detection functions for both sperm whales and delphinids. Detected whistles were assigned to the lowest taxonomical level possible using the PAMGuard ‘Whistle Classifier’ module. After an initial tuning process, this semi‐automatic method required 91 hr of an analyst's time to manually review both automatic click train and whistle detections from 1,696 hr of survey data. Use of the ‘Multi‐Hypothesis Tracking Click Train Detector’ reduced the amount of data for the analyst to search by 74.5%, while the ‘Whistle and Moan Detector’ reduced data to search by 85.9%. In total, 443 odontocete groups were detected, of which 55 were from sperm whale groups, six were from beaked whales, two were from porpoise and the remaining 380 were identified to the level of delphinid group. An effective survey strip half width of 3,277 and 699 m was estimated for sperm whales and delphinids respectively. The semi‐automatic workflow proved successful, reducing the amount of analyst time required to process the data, significantly reducing overall project costs. The workflow presented here makes use of existing modules within PAMGuard, a freely available and open‐source software, readily accessible to acoustic analysts.
Hyperspectral Band Selection via Optimal Combination Strategy

Band selection is one of the main methods of reducing the number of dimensions in a hyperspectral image. Recently, various methods have been proposed to address this issue. However, these methods usually obtain the band subset in the perspective of a locally optimal solution. To achieve an optimal solution with a global perspective, this paper developed a novel method for hyperspectral band selection via optimal combination strategy (OCS). The main contributions are as follows: (1) a subspace partitioning approach is proposed which can accurately obtain the partitioning points of the subspace. This ensures that similar bands can be divided into the same subspace; (2) two candidate representative bands with a large amount of information and high similarity are chosen from each subspace, which can fully represent all bands in the subspace; and (3) an optimal combination strategy is designed to acquire the optimal band subset, which achieves an optimal solution with a global perspective. The results on four public datasets illustrate that the proposed method achieves satisfactory performance against other methods.
Monetary policy: effects of the decrease of the interest rates of the Federal Reserve in dollarized economies (USA, Ecuador, El Salvador and Panama)

This research estimates the effect of the expansive monetary policy on the Federal Reserve in the economic growth and inflation in the countries which have dollarized economies. In order to evaluate the effects of the monetary policy, the data of the Mundial Bank are used (2019) for the United States, Ecuador, El Salvador and Panama; and the data of the Federal Reserve Bank of the United States of North America (2019), during 2001-2017 and the econometric strategy of panel data with fixed effects and individual effects. The results show that the application of the expansive monetary policy fulfills the aim of dynamization the economic growth after the Major Recession, whilst, it has no significant effect on the inflation of the economies that are being studied, also indicated that the formation of fixed capital is the determinant factor of growth of those countries.
Brain Dynamics Underlying Preserved Cycling Ability in Patients With Parkinson’s Disease and Freezing of Gait

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is generally associated with abnormally increased beta band oscillations in the cortico-basal ganglia loop during walking. PD patients with freezing of gait (FOG) exhibit a more distinct, prolonged narrow band of beta oscillations that are locked to the initiation of movement at ∼18 Hz. Upon initiation of cycling movements, this oscillation has been reported to be weaker and rather brief in duration. Due to the suppression of the overall beta band power during cycling and its continuous nature of the movement, cycling is considered to be less demanding for cortical networks compared to walking, including reduced need for sensorimotor processing, and thus unimpaired continuous cycling motion. Furthermore, cycling has been considered one of the most efficient non-pharmacological therapies with an influence on the subthalamic nucleus (STN) beta rhythms implicative of the deep brain stimulation effects. In the current review, we provide an overview of the currently available studies and discuss the underlying mechanism of preserved cycling ability in relation to the FOG in PD patients. The mechanisms are presented in detail using a graphical scheme comparing cortical oscillations during walking and cycling in PD.
A Perceptual Loss Based Complex Neural Beamforming for Ambix 3D Speech Enhancement

This work proposes a novel approach to B-Format AmbiX 3D speech enhancement based on the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) representation. The model is a Fully Complex Convolutional Network (FC2N) that estimates a mask to be applied to the input features. Then, a final layer is responsible for converting the B-format to a monaural representation in which we apply the inverse STFT (ISTFT) operation. For the optimization process, we use a compounded loss function, applied in the time-domain, based on the short-time objective intelligibility (STOI) metric combined with a perceptual loss on top of the wav2vec 2.0 model. The approach is applied on Task 1 of the L3DAS22 challenge, where our model achieves a score of 0.845 in the metric proposed by the challenge, us-ing a subset of the development set as reference.
Diaphragmatic resection and liver mobilization during surgery for advanced ovarian cancer

*Correspondence jmagrina@mayo.edu (Javier Magrina); Giannini.Andrea@mayo.edu (Andrea Giannini) Abstract Advanced ovarian cancer is a challenging disease that spreads principally to the peritoneal tissues. It is reported that diaphragmatic involvement occurred in 40% of patients with tumors localized in the pelvic cavity and 70% of cases with extrapelvic metastasis. Many gynecology oncology surgeons believe that invasive diaphragmatic disease is the most challenging disease localization to be wholly eradicated, second only to portal triad disease. The knowledge of diaphragm anatomy, the relevant hepatic attachments, and the central vasculature is substantial for the performance of radical surgery during debulking of upper abdominal quadrants in advanced ovarian cancer patients. Some surgical techniques are available to provide a proper cytoreductive effect for diaphragm involvement in ovarian cancer, including ablation using the Argon Beam Coagulator (ABC), aspiration using Cavitron Ultrasonic Surgical Aspirator (CUSA), peritonectomy (stripping), or full-thickness diaphragmatic resection. A multidisciplinary approach with the involvement of a thoracic surgeon could be beneficial for the correct assessment of the disease, the choice of the best treatment, and the success of the surgical procedure. To evaluate reconstructive surgery with meshes implantation during complex diaphragmatic procedures, care must be taken. No large study evaluated the perioperative outcomes related to diaphragmatic peritoneal stripping or diaphragmatic full-thickness resection; however, pleural effusion occurred in 43% of cases after peritoneal stripping and 51% after diaphragmatic full-thickness resections needing thoracentesis or chest tube placement in 4% and 9%, respectively. Moreover, the rate of postoperative pneumothorax (4% vs. 9%) and subdiaphragmatic abscess (3% vs. 3%) are similar after either of the two techniques. The current evidence from the literature suggests that the decision to drain postoperative effusion and the drainage method should be made in all cases at the discretion of the attending surgical team. Intraoperative pleural evacuation of fluid and air and closure of the diaphragm with eversion of the edges into the peritoneal cavity reduces postoperative effusions and pneumothorax. Typically, a chest tube is planned for patients with preoperative or postoperative large effusions, clinical signs of respiratory impairment, and radiological signs of pulmonary compromise. New minimally surgical approaches, technologies, energies, and postoperative care protocols are emerging to reduce the morbidity of this oncologic population.
The Mental Health Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic Second Wave on Shielders and Their Family Members

In March 2020, individuals shielding from coronavirus reported high rates of distress. This study investigated whether fear of contamination (FoC) and use of government-recommended behaviours (GRB; e.g., handwashing and wearing masks) were associated with psychological distress during February 2021. An online cross-sectional questionnaire assessed psychological distress in three groups (shielding self, shielding other/s, and control), and those shielding others also completed an adapted measure of health anxiety (α = 0.94). The sample (N = 723) was predominantly female (84%) with a mean age of 41.72 (SD = 15.15). Those shielding (self) demonstrated significantly higher rates of health anxiety and FoC in comparison to other groups (p < 0.001). The use of GRB was significantly lower in controls (p < 0.001), with no significant difference between the two shielding groups (p = 0.753). Rates of anxiety were higher when compared to March 2020 findings, except for controls. Hierarchical regressions indicated FoC and GRB accounted for 24% of variance in generalised anxiety (p < 0.001) and 28% in health anxiety, however, the latter was a non-significant predictor in final models. Those shielding themselves and others during the pandemic have experienced sustained levels of distress; special consideration must be given to those indirectly affected. Psychological interventions should account for realistic FoC and the impact of government-recommended health behaviours, as these factors are associated with distress in vulnerable groups and may extend beyond the pandemic. Future research should focus on longitudinal designs to monitor and better understand the clinical needs of those shielding, and those shielding others post-pandemic.
Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Candida albicans Infection

Candida albicans is the most common pathogen causing clinical Candida infections. Neutrophils are a key member of the host innate immunity that plays an essential role in clearing invading C. albicans. In addition to the well-known defensive approaches such as phagocytosis, degranulation, and reactive oxygen species production, the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) has also become an important way for neutrophils to defend against various pathogens. C. albicans has been reported to be capable of activating neutrophils to release NETs that subsequently kill fungi. The induction of NETs is affected by both the morphology and virulence factors of C. albicans, which also develops specific strategies to respond to the attack by NETs. Our review specifically focuses on the mechanisms by which C. albicans triggers NET formation and their subsequent interactions, which might provide meaningful insight into the innate immunity against C. albicans infection.