Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Past, Present and Future of Sleep Measurement in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Early Dementia – Towards a Core Outcome

Study Objectives: Sleep abnormalities emerge early in dementia and may accelerate cognitive decline. Their accurate characterization may facilitate earlier clinical identification of dementia and allow for assessment of sleep intervention efficacy. This scoping review determines how sleep is currently measured and reported in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and early dementia, as a basis for future core outcome alignment. Methods: This review follows the PRISMA Guidelines for Scoping Reviews. CINAHL, Embase, Medline, Psychinfo, and British Nursing Index databases were searched from inception—March 12, 2021. Included studies had participants diagnosed with MCI and early dementia and reported on sleep as a key objective/ outcome measure. Results: Nineteen thousand five hundred and ninety-six titles were returned following duplicate removal with 188 studies [ N ] included in final analysis. Sleep data was reported on 17 139 unique, diagnostically diverse participants ( n ). “Unspecified MCI” was the most common diagnosis amongst patients with MCI ( n = 5003, 60.6%). Despite technological advances, sleep was measured most commonly by validated questionnaires ( n = 12 586, N = 131). Fewer participants underwent polysomnography (PSG) ( n = 3492, N = 88) and actigraphy ( n = 3359, N = 38) with little adoption of non-PSG electroencephalograms (EEG) ( n = 74, N = 3). Sleep outcome parameters were reported heterogeneously. 62/165 (37.6%) were described only once in the literature (33/60 (60%) in interventional studies). There was underrepresentation of circadian ( n = 725, N = 25) and micro-architectural ( n = 360, N = 12) sleep parameters. Conclusions: Alongside under-researched areas, there is a need for more detailed diagnostic characterization. Due to outcome heterogeneity, we advocate for international consensus on core sleep outcome parameters to support causal inference and comparison of therapeutic sleep interventions.
In vitro evaluation of selective cytotoxic activity of Chaerophyllum macropodum Boiss. on cultured human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells

Neuroblastoma is the most common solid tumor in children. New treatment approaches are needed because of the harmful side effects and costs of the methods used in the treatment of neuroblastoma. Medicinal and aromatic plants are important for new treatment approaches due to their minimal side effects and economic advantages. Therefore, the present study was carried out to examine the cytotoxic effect of Chaerophyllum macropodum extract on human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) and �broblast (HDFa) cell lines. 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and Lactate dehydrogenase release (LDH) assays were used to determine the cytotoxic effect of Chaerophyllum macropodum. The results revealed that Chaerophyllum macropodum had a signi�cant cytotoxic effect on neuroblast cells at all concentrations used (p < 0.05). But it did not show any effect on human �broblasts. As a result, the obtained data clearly showed that Chaerophyllum macropodum exerts a selective effect on neuroblastoma cells for the �rst time.
A REMOTE SHARING METHOD OF 3D PHYSICAL OBJECTS WITH INSTANCE-SEGMENTED 3D POINT CLOUD ACQUIRED IN REAL TIME

In the field of architecture and urban design, physical models are used in design meetings. Furthermore, teleconferencing via the internet has begun to be widely used in society due to COVID-19 and in preparation for disasters. Although conventional web conferencing can share only 2D information through screens, it is expected that interactive screen sharing of physical objects will enable smoother remote conferencing. A system that can manipulate point clouds in clusters by dividing real-time point clouds captured from 3D real objects by distance has been reported as a way to share physical objects. However, because the point clouds are divided by distance between the two clusters when the point clouds get closer than some threshold, they become treated as a single object. In this study, we aim to develop a system that uses instance segmentation to divide point clouds by region rather than by distance between objects. This system is expected to contribute to the realisation of better architectural and urban design processes without any misunderstandings among the parties involved and to the reduction of unnecessary energy consumption due to travel for face-to-face meetings.
Does Anticorruption Regulation Enhance or Impede Firm Value? Evidence from a Quasi-Natural Experiment in China

: As part of President Jinping Xi’s anticorruption campaign, China launched an anticorruption regulation that requires bureaucrats to resign from director positions in listed companies. Using above quasi-natural experiment, our Difference-in-Difference analysis shows that firm value measured by Tobin’s Q decreases by 4%. The reduction of firm value may not be explained by political repression or the loss of directorship. We further show that financial constraints and government expropriation are two plausible channels through which anticorruption regulation impedes firm value. Finally, firms may adjust their board characteristics as well as financial and operational policies to alleviate the effect of anticorruption. to the using a one-to-one nearest neighbor propensity score matching, without replacement, on a set of Panel the logit model used in estimating the propensity scores for the treatment and control groups. The dependent variable in the logit model is the Treat dummy. is an indicator variable which equals one if a firm has at least one independent director with bureaucratic background before the announcement of anticorruption regulation. Column parameter of logit model using the prior to matching. Propensity scores for matching treatment and control firms on these estimates. Column the parameter estimates of the logit model using the subsample of matched treatment-control pairs after Coefficient value Panel the test for the pairs of treatment and control firms after Panel for Difference-in-Difference regression analysis, using matched sample. Absolute values of t-statistics on errors by
Computer Vision based Road Lane Detection

Driver Assistance System is one of the most important features in smart vehicles to ensure the safety of the driver. It helps to decrease the number of accidents on road. The road lane detection is one of the important features in such systems. This paper focuses on a fast and reliable Road Lane Detection system. It can be paired with smart vehicles and Advanced Driving Assistance Systems (ADAS). This model includes the localization of the road and the determination of the relative position between vehicle and road. The model uses various computer vision algorithms which take in RGB images to give out lane-lines that represent the boundary of the road. Each of the algorithms used is emphasized in detail in this paper. The detection system was tested in videos captured with the camera of the vehicle. From the results, the system is said to be very reliable in detection of the lanes. The usefulness and shortcomings of the system are described in detail .
Tax Compliance Costs of Small Businesses 2004: Improving the Estimates A Benchmark of Tax Compliance Costs

The research focuses on the tax compliance costs of small and mediumsized business (SME’s) and it has been designed to respond to policy proposals as they arise over the next 5-10 years. The starting point was this major benchmark survey quantifying in dollar terms the tax compliance costs of small and medium businesses. Because the work sits in an applied policy context, we found that its focus differs in small but important ways from previous compliance costs research. This paper describes some consequential conceptual and definitional subtleties involved in measuring tax compliance costs, some measurement issues, and response rate techniques. Finally, it summarizes the advances made and insights gained.
Torus Actions and their Applications in Topology and Combinatorics

Here, the study of torus actions on topological spaces is presented as a bridge connecting combinatorial and convex geometry with commutative and homological algebra, algebraic geometry, and topology. This established link helps in understanding the geometry and topology of a space with torus action by studying the combinatorics of the space of orbits. Conversely, subtle properties of a combinatorial object can be realized by interpreting it as the orbit structure for a proper manifold or as a complex acted on by a torus. The latter can be a symplectic manifold with Hamiltonian torus action, a toric variety or manifold, a subspace arrangement complement, etc., while the combinatorial objects include simplicial and cubical complexes, polytopes, and arrangements. This approach also provides a natural topological interpretation in terms of torus actions of many constructions from commutative and homological algebra used in combinatorics. The exposition centers around the theory of moment-angle complexes, providing an effective way to study invariants of triangulations by methods of equivariant topology. The book includes many new and well-known open problems and would be suitable as a textbook. It will be useful for specialists both in topology and in combinatorics and will help to establish even tighter connections between the subjects involved.
On a class of stochastic transport equations for L2loc vector fields

We study in this article the existence and uniqueness of solutions to a class of stochastic transport equations with irregular coefficients. Asking only boundedness of the divergence of the coefficients (a classical condition in both the deterministic and stochastic setting), we can lower the integrability regularity required in known results on the coefficients themselves and on the initial condition, and still prove uniqueness of solutions.
Decompositions of Hilbert spaces: local construction of global frames

We introduce a decomposition of a Hilbert space H into a quasi-orthogonal family of closed subspaces. We shall investigate conditions in order to derive bounded families of corresponding quasi-projectors or resolutions of the identity operator. Given a local family of atoms, or generalized basis, for each subspace, we show that the union of the local atoms can generate a global frame for the Hilbert space. Corresponding duals can be calculated in a flexible way by means of the systems of quasi-projectors.
A relative answer to the growth–saving puzzle

Prolonged rapid growth, i.e. a “catching-up” process, is known to be accompanied by high rates of household saving. This phenomenon is central in explaining the direction of international capital ﬂows and trade imbalances in the past several decades, yet it is very much in contradiction to prevailing macroeconomic theory. This paper ﬁnds that a standard life-cycle model, even when integrated with uncertainty about future growth and credit constraints, is completely unable to replicate the relations between growth and saving as seen in the data. However, adding utility from relative consumption to the model allows for the full replication of these relations.
Annex I. Fiscal Policy Simulations Using Forward-Looking Exchange Rates in Gem by Andrew Gurney∗

In the past year we have attempted to incorporate forward-looking exchange rates into our econometric model, GEM. This work is still at an experimental stage, and hence will not be immediately available to model-users, but we feel we have made sufficient progress to present some of the results. The introduction of forward-looking exchange rates is consistent with modern economic theories of exchange-rate determination. These view the exchange rate as an asset price, which is valued according to the expected returns from holding domestic and foreign assets. This gives rise to the short-run arbitrage condition, that the interest-rate differential between equivalent assets in different currencies should equal the expected depreciation of the exchange rate between those currencies. The expected depreciation is determined by a longer-term view of the currencies' worth, which can be related to the fundamental equilibrium exchange rate (FEER), which would achieve a balance between the current account and long-term capital account flows. Previous work at the Institute has expanded on some of these issues. Davies (1988) and Gurney (1988) look at some the issues raised by forward-looking exchange rates. Barrell, Gurney, Pesaran and Wren-Lewis (1988) look at alternative forward-looking models and Barrell and Wren-Lewis (1989) investigate FEERs based on the trade equations used in GEM.
ERRATUM: Variance in the Mean of a Sequence of Partially Correlated Measurements

The variance in the mean of a sequence of partially correlated measurements is obtained in terms of the transfer function for a system whose input is a steady signal plus white noise. Two new expressions are derived in the frequency domain and shown to be equivalent to the time domain expression. These expressions are amenable to approximation and computation, show clearly the effect of aliasing, and are useful in devising strategies to reduce the variance. Their usefulness is demonstrated by considering the ideal averaging filter and the RC filter. The application of these results to the use of radiometers for the measurement of power is discussed.
Social responsibility in a bilateral monopoly with RD

This note examines social responsibility in a linear bilateral monopoly by incorporating a cost-reducing R&D investment and investigates an endogenous timing game. We find that in the presence of R&D, the retailer always adopts social responsibility irrespective of the timing of the game, but the manufacturer adopts only with its leadership in a sequential game where it can take the first-mover advantage. We also show that two sequential choices will be subgame perfect equilibria, but the commitment to the social responsibility by manufacturer is a payoff dominance outcome. We
Twisted Novikov homology and jump loci in formal and hyperformal spaces

Let X be a finite CW-complex, denote its fundamental group by G. Let R be an n-dimensional complex repesentation of G. Any element A of the first cohomology group of X with complex coefficients gives rise to the exponential deformation of the representation R, which can be considered as a curve in the space of representations. We show that the cohomology of X with local coefficients corresponding to the generic point of this curve is computable from a spectral sequence starting from the cohomology of X with R-twisted coefficients. We compute the differentials of the spectral sequence in terms of Massey products. We show that the spectral sequence degenerates in case when X is a Kaehler manifold, and the representation R is semi-simple. If A is a real cohomology class, one associates to the triple (X,R,A) the twisted Novikov homology (a module over the Novikov ring). We show that the twisted Novikov Betti numbers equal the Betti numbers of X with coefficients in the above local system. We investigate the dependance of these numbers on A and prove that they are constant in the complement to a finite number of integral hyperplanes in the first cohomology group.
REVISÃO PRELIMINAR SOBRE A VIABILIDADE DE UTILIZAÇÃO DE CÉLULAS-TRONCO PROVENIENTES DE DENTES HUMANOS DECÍDUOS E PERMANENTES NA REGENERAÇÃO TECIDUAL A PRELIMINARY REVIEW ON THE VIABILITY OF THE UTILIZATION OF STEM-CELLS DERIVED FROM DECIDUOUS AND PERMANENT HUMAN TEETH FOR TISSUE REGENERATION

Research on the possibility of the use of stem-cells with a therapeutical purpose has proved to be promising; however, it has met legal and ethical barriers because it presupposes the use of human embryos. Therefore, alternatives that use stem-cells from adult tissues have been searched for, and deciduous and permanent teeth are important alternatives. With the objective of verifying the present stage of knowledge on the possibilities of the use of tooth stem-cells for tissue regeneration, a bibliographical survey was performed through a consultation of the MEDLINE, LILACS and BBO data base, using the terms: stem-cells, dental pulp, teeth, and tissue regeneration as key words. We found forty-three articles, which were submitted to analysis. The results showed that deciduous and permanent dental pulps contain a population of pluripotential adult stem-cells, similar to those of the bone marrow, capable of extensive proliferation and that can differentiate and give origin to cells such as the ones of adipose and nervous tissues, as well as dentine, depending on the inductive agent. The stem-cells of naturally exfoliated deciduous teeth are similar, in many aspects, to those of the umbilical cord, representing a more primitive population of stem-cells, which also present the capacity to induce orthogenesis in nearby tissues. The current literature evinces that stem-cells of dental origin offer a viable alternative for tissue regeneration. Because they are easy to obtain, exfoliated deciduous teeth would be an ideal source of stem-cells for repairing jeopardized dental structures, induce osseous regeneration, and possibly, treat injuries of the nervous tissue or degenerative illnesses.
Fast startup RF blocks with Low Supply Noise Sensitivity for Internet of Things Applications

Author(s): Radfar, Mohammad | Advisor(s): Green, Michael M | Abstract: In this thesis, mechanisms that cause LC Oscillator frequency sensitivity to supply noise is analyzed. It is proven that variations in both the common-mode and differential-mode components can increase the jitter in the presence of supply variations due to non-linearity of the capacitors that are in the oscillator. A novel compensation technique that reduces this sensitivity is presented. Simulations show that this technique can reduce the periodic jitter due to supply sensitivity by more than 80%.
DCO/sup +//HCO/sup +/ abundance ratio and the electron density in cool interstellar clouds

The J=1-0 transiton of H/sup 13/CO/sup +/ has been detected in L134 at one-third the level (integrated antenna temperatures) of D/sup 12/CO/sup +/. Scaling of the DCO/sup +/-to-H/sup 13/CO/sup +/ abundance ratio and high-resolution studies of line profiles also presented here then provide more reliable information than previously available about the abundances of DCO/sup +/ and H/sup 12/CO/sup +/ in the representative dark cloud L134. These data imply that low relative abundances for electrons, CO, and N/sub 2/ do in fact occur, though our more firm upper limits are somewhat higher than those derived by certain previous investigators. We find (e)/(H/sub 2/)< or approx. =4 x 10/sup -8/ and (CO)/(H/sub 2/), (N/sub 2/),/(Hd2)< or approx. =1< or approx. =10/sup -5/. Since the H/sup 13/CO/sup +/ intensity is also one-seventh the level of H/sup 12/CO/sup +/ and the actual /sup 13/C//sup 12/C abundance ratio is quite unlikely to be so large, emission by the more abundant species is apparently reduced by optical depth effects. This casts doubt on the general validity of the premise that the DCO/sup +/-to-H/sup 12/CO/sup +/ abundance ratio in cool interstellar clouds can be derived by assuming that it is essentially the same as that which wouldmore » be derived in the optically thin case. « less
Supporting Music Education through Visualizations of MIDI Recordings

Musicians mostly have to rely on their ears when they want to analyze what they play, for example to detect errors. Since hearing is sequential, it is not possible to quickly grasp an overview over one or multiple recordings of a whole piece of music at once. We therefore propose various visualizations that allow analyzing errors and stylistic variance. Our current approach focuses on rhythm and uses MIDI data for simplicity.
The motion of a fluid in an open channel

We consider a free boundary value problem for a viscous, incompressible fluid contained in an uncovered three-dimensional rectangular channel, with gravity and surface tension, governed by the Navier-Stokes equations. We obtain existence results for the linear and nonlinear time-dependent problem. We analyse the qualitative behavior of the flow using tools of bifurcation theory. The main result is a Hopf bifurcation theorem with Zk -symmetry. Mathematics Subject Classification (2000): 35Q30 (primary); 35P99 (secondary).
STEADY-STATE PROBABILITY ESTIMATION IN FSMS CONSIDERING HIGH-ORDER TEMPORAL EFFECTS

This paper illustrates, analytically and quantitatively, the effect of high-order temporal correlations on steady-state and transition probabilities in Finite State Machines (FSMs). As the main theoretical contribution, we extend the previous work done on steady-state probability calculation in FSMs to account for complex spatiotemporal correlations which are present at the primary inputs when the target machine models real hardware and receives data from real applications. More precisely: 1) using the concept of constrained reachability analysis, the correct set of Chapman-Kolmogorov equations are constructed; and 2) based on stochastic complementation and iterative aggregation/disaggregation techniques, exact and approximate techniques for finding the state occupancy probabilities in the target machine are presented. From a practical point of view, we show that assuming temporal independence or even using first-order temporal models is not sufficient, that is, the inaccuracies induced in steady-state and transition probability calculations are significant for most of the analyzed benchmarks. Experimental results show that, if the order of the source is underestimated, not only the set of reachable sets is incorrectly determined, but also the obtained probability values can be more than 100% off from the correct ones.
A Miniaturized Dual-Band FSS with Closely Spaced Resonances Using 2.5-Dimension Structure

Abstract Using 2.5-dimension structure, a novel miniaturized dual-band FSS with closely spaced resonances is proposed in the paper. The special design of the geometry contributes to two closely spaced resonances at 1.69 GHz and 2.16 GHz respectively and the frequency ratio of upper to the lower resonant frequency is 1.27. Besides, the two bands can be controlled individually by varying corresponding parameters. The size of the proposed FSS is only 0. 057λ0, where the λ0 represents free space wavelength at lower resonant band. Furthermore, the simulation results show the proposed FSS exhibits stable response with different incident angles and polarizations. To understand the design better, the distribution of surface current is analyzed to explain the operating mechanism of the proposed FSS. Finally, the proposed FSS is fabricated and the measurement results are in accordance with the simulation results.