Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gain-scheduling Hinfinity control of the launcher in atmospheric flight via linear-parameter varying techniques

This paper is concerned with the design of a gain-scheduled controller for the attitude control of a launcher in atmospheric flight. The design problem is characterized by classical requirements such as satisfactory phase/gain margin constraints and flexible modes attenuation as well as time-domain constraints in the form of an upper bound on the angle of attack in the presence of wind disturbance. Moreover, these requirements must be fulfilled over the full atmospheric flight. In order to achieve this goal, we exploit a recently available Linear Parameter-Varying (LPV) technique suitably extended to discrete-time systems. The advantage of this technique is that both time-invariant constraints and the gain-scheduling phase are incorporated into a single design procedure and neither interpolation nor extensive simulations are required to accomplish the overall design task. An important ingredient in the proposed technique is the Cross Standard Form formulation which allows to incorporate the various specifications of the launcher problem in a streamlined manner. It leads to a specific control standard form which can be immediately handled by the LPV design technique under consideration.
Neural network-based sliding mode variable structure control for Mars entry

To deliver a Mars entry vehicle through the Martian atmosphere to the prescribed parachute deployment point, active Mars entry guidance and control is essential. This article addresses the problem of Mars atmospheric entry control by a neural network-based sliding mode variable structure control (NNSMVSC) to reduce the effect of the bounded uncertainties on the atmospheric density and aerodynamic coefficients. First, NNSMVSC is designed to robustly track the prescribed nominal trajectory under high uncertainties and to effectively reduce the downrange error. Then, the heading alignment logic is adopted in the lateral plane to reduce the cross-range error. Finally, the validity of the control algorithm proposed in this article is demonstrated by computer simulation analysis.
Item Analysis of Measuring STEM Teachers’ Practice in Higher-Order Thinking Skills Questioning Using Rasch Model

For interdisciplinary approach in STEM integration, HOTS questioning application is part of inquiry-based learning which helps learners to construct knowledge by discovering new concepts and developing design thinking. In Malaysia, STEM teachers still insufficient to construct HOTS questions in teaching and learning session. This study aims to analyse HOTS questioning practice items using the Rasch model in terms of validity and reliability. The inventory was developed to measure STEM teachers HOTS questioning practice from five dimensions such as external world view, classroom interactions, deep and analytical thinking and complex thinking strategies using Likert type scale. The pilot study was conducted in eight secondary schools which involved 86 upper secondary STEM teachers. WINSTEPS version 3.72. 3 was applied to analyse the pilot study outcomes. The results showed that the reliability based on Cronbach Alpha is 0.97. The construct validity was determined by positive Point Measure Correlation (PMC) value, infit and outfit MSNQ between 0.4 to 1.5 and ZSTD range from -2.0 to 2.0. The summary statistics showed that person and item reliability were 0.97 and 0.95, respectively. The person separation index with the value of 5.39 and item separation index, 4.59 were considered as excellent separation. Finally, for unidimensionality, raw variance explained by measure was 49.1%, and the unexplained variance in the first factor was 6.7% meet the criteria Therefore, after eliminating the unfit items, the results demonstrated that this inventory was valid and reliable to measure STEM teachers HOTS questioning practice in future.
Research on Producing Complex Metal Parts with Lattice Structure by Selective Laser Melting

This study evaluates the manufacturability and performances of periodic cellular lattice structures designed by repeating a cubic unit cell and produced by SLM using titanium powder. The effects of unit cell size on the manufacturability, density, compression and bending properties of the manufactured cellular lattice structures were investigated. Lattice structures manufactured with various unit cell sizes ranging from 0.5 to 1.2 mm could be produced free of defects by the SLM process, with a novel type of supports. By the increasing of the cell size, a decrease of the applied load together with an enhancement of the flexure extension were observed. Specimens with a cell size higher than 1 mm manifested an excellent flexibility by flexure tests.
Single event burnout sensitivity of embedded field effect transistors

Observations of single event burnout (SEB) in embedded field effect transistors are reported. Both SEB and other single event effects are presented for several pulse width modulation and high frequency devices. The microscope has been employed to locate and to investigate the damaged areas. A model of the damage mechanism based on the results so obtained is described.
Subsurface Drip Irrigation Systems for Specialty Crop Production in North Dakota

Subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) systems offer advantages over other types of irrigation systems for specialty crop production, including water savings, improved trafficability, and a drier canopy. This study was conducted to evaluate the performance of SDI, placed at 1.2-m (4-ft) lateral spacing and buried at 0.28-m (11-in.) depth, in a subhumid climate with severe winters. Effects on crop yield and crop quality of tape design (from five manufacturers) and position along 152-m (500-ft) lateral runs were investigated for three consecutive years on a sandy loam soil near Oakes, N. Dakota. In 1993, marketable and total sweet corn yields averaged 13.9 and 14.9 Mg ha–1 (6.20 ton ac–1 and 6.65 ton ac–1), respectively. In 1994, U.S. No. 1, U.S. No. 2, and total yields for winter squash were 17.7, 6.8, and 31.9 Mg ha–1 (7.90, 3.03, and 14.23 ton ac–1), respectively. In 1995, the cabbage yield averaged 98 Mg ha–1 (43.7 ton ac–1). Yields were measured at three transects [approximately 17, 76, and 136 m (56 ft, 250 ft, and 446 ft) from the upstream ends of the drip laterals] to determine effects of tape design on water distribution and corresponding yield. Yields did not differ statistically between designs for any transect in any year. Measured emitter discharge rates decreased dramatically with distance downstream from the start of the tape. This was attributed to friction losses in the tape, deformation of the normally circular cross-section of the tape by winter conditions, soil compaction from tillage operations, and calcium deposits. Subsurface drip irrigation tape appears durable enough to withstand winters in the northern Great Plains for multiple-season use, provided proper installation and maintenance procedures are followed.
Hybrid optical-electrical overlay test structure

This paper describes the exploratory use of electrical test structures to enable the calibration of optical overlay instruments of the type used to monitor semiconductor-device fabrication processes. Such optical instruments are known to be vulnerable to hard-to-determine systematic process- and instrument-specific errors known as shifts. However, these shift errors generally do not affect electrical test-structure measurements extracted from the same features. Thus the opportunity exists to configure physical standards having overlay targets that can be certified by electrical means, thereby enabling estimates of the shifts prevailing in a particular application. In this work, a new hybrid test structure, meaning one from which overlay measurements can be extracted electrically, as well as by optical instruments, has been designed and fabricated with built-in overlay values ranging from -60 to +60 nm. A selection of structures constituting a test chip has been patterned in a single conducting film with CD (critical dimension) design rules ranging from 1.0 /spl mu/m to 2.0 /spl mu/m and fabricated and tested. Electrical overlay parameters, derived from multiple step-and-repeat die-site measurements, generally match the corresponding optical measurements to within several nanometers, subject to limitations of the pattern-replication process. This paper focuses on the extraction of overlay from the electrical measurements, the dependence of the measurements on CD design rules, and their comparison with the corresponding measurements made both by a commercial optical-overlay instrument and by a coordinate-measurement system having measurements traceable to absolute dimensional standards. It is presented as a first step toward the use of electrical measurements for advancing shift management in optical overlay of features patterned in separate lithographic processes.
E-WOM As Mediation Of The Influence Of Budget Room, Service Quality, And Brand Personality On Re-Stay Intention Of Reddoorz Hotel Guests In Banda Aceh

Consumers in certain segments choose hotels with relatively affordable prices (low budget) so that many hotels that offer hotel rooms with low budget, facilities, and good service quality become the target of consumers to be chosen. This condition makes accommodation providers compete to provide the best facilities and services but still at affordable prices (low budget). The purpose of this study is to see the effect of Budget Room, Service Quality, and Brand Personality on E-WOM, and its impact on Re-stay Intention of Reddoorz Hotel guests, in Banda Aceh city, Indonesia. The population in this study was all guests of the Reddoorz Hotel in Banda Aceh, whose number was infinite. Sample taken used a sampling technique with a method of at least 5 times the number of indicator variables. The number of indicators in this study was 41 indicators so that there were 205 samples. The results showed that of the 7 existing direct hypotheses all had a significant effect. The results show the independent variables in this study, namely Budget Room, Service Quality, Brand Personality and E-WOM are appropriate as the determinants of restay intention. And, the result that the E-Word of Mouth variable can mediate the effect of the Budget Room, Service Quality, Brand Personality on Re-stay Intention. Overall, because the direct influences of these three indirect influences are significant, the roles of E-WOM in that three indirect hypothesis models are categorized as partial mediators. These findings confirm that the hypothesized models apply to an increase in re-stay intention among Reddoorz Hotel consumers in Banda Aceh. The novelty lies in the simultaneous combination of increasing restay intention among Reddoorz Hotel consumers in Banda Aceh, where the role of factors such as Budget Room, Service Quality, Brand Personality are needed, and as well as E-Wom which also functions as an independent factor and mediator. Further researchers can develop this tested model by adding other variables such as Brand Trust and Customer Experience.
Report of 20 unrecorded bacterial species in Korea belonging to the phylum Firmicutes during surveys in 2020

The phylum Firmicutes is one of the major phyla in the domain Bacteria. Firmicutes species are generally Gram-positive bacteria with a low G +C content and known to make up a high proportion of human gut microbiota that plays an important role in health maintenance (Qin et al., 2010). At the time of writing, based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, the phylum Firmicutes comprises seven classes with validly published names (https://lpsn. dsmz.de/phylum/firmicutes): Bacilli, Clostridia, Culicoidibacteria, Erysipelotrichia, Limnochordia, Negativicutes and Thermolithobacteria. The class Bacilli is divided into two orders Bacillales and Lactobacillales. The formation of endospores is one of the characteristics of the order Bacillales, whereas the order Lactobacillales does not form endospores and produces lactic acid (Ludwig et al., 2009). In this study, bacterial strains belonging to the phylum Firmicutes were isolated from various environments during the investigation of indigenous bacterial species in Korea. As a result, 20 strains representing unrecorded bacterial species in Korea are described.
Abnormal Disturbance Mechanism of Sub-100 nm NAND Flash Memory

An abnormal program disturbance mode was found in 32-string NAND flash memory which was fabricated with 0.09 µm complimentary metal–oxide–semiconductor shallow trench isolation (CMOS STI) process technology. This new disturbance mainly occurs in cells next to source select line (SSL) transistor and is not suppressed even when program bias is not applied. This is strongly related to the boosted channel bias level and the interface state which is located between the tunnel oxide and the silicon substrate. This unexpected program disturbance is a hot carrier program which results from the high electric field between the SSL transistor and its nearest cell and the leakage current to the boosted channel. The leakage current to the channel is due to the interface state of the SSL transistor, not the gate induced drain leakage (GIDL) effect. We present a brief model of this abnormal program disturbance mechanism.
Use of condensed silica fume for making high- strength, self-consolidating concrete

A high concrete strength can be achieved by lowering the water/binder ratio and a high workability by adding a higher dosage of superplasticizer. However, a high-performance concrete with both high strength and high workability cannot be produced by just these means because lowering the water/binder ratio leads to lower workability and there is a limit to the increase in workability that can be attained by adding superplasticizer. To produce a high-strength, high-workability concrete, the concrete strength needs to be increased without lowering the water/binder ratio. This can be done by adding condensed silica fume. In this study, a series of trial mixing aimed at developing high-strength, self-consolidating concrete (mean cube strength >80 MPa and needs no compaction for consolidation) was carried out. Several mixes suitable for making such high-performance concrete have been developed and it was found that the addition of condensed silica fume may, under favourable conditions, increase not only the str.
Turkish primary care physicians' attitudes and knowledge of obesity and bariatric surgery: a survey study.

Objectives This survey study attempted to determine Turkish primary care physicians' (PCP) knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of obesity treatment and bariatric surgery. Moreover, the relationship between the duration of practice as a physician, and especially the indications for bariatric surgery and referral to surgery were investigated. Material and Methods A survey of 27 questions was administered via social media and the internet using the SurveyMonkey platform. The physicians who responded to the survey were grouped based on the duration of working life. Among these groups, the responses to the questions about bariatric surgery were compared using univariate analysis. Results A total of 1044 physicians responded to the survey. The number of physicians who strongly agreed that a PCP should play role in the treatment of obesity was 743 (71.1%). The most important reason for not undertaking this treatment was reported as the requirement for a multidisciplinary approach to obesity treatment (51.5%, n= 537). The percentage of those who thought that patients with a body mass index (BMI) above 40 kg/m2 should be referred to surgery was 72.3%,while the percentage of those referring patients with a BMI of 35-40 kg/m2 and comorbidities to surgery was 53.3%, and the percentage of those referring patients with a BMI of 35-40 kg/m2 and uncontrolled diabetes to surgery was 35.9%. Physicians who were new to the profession were found to evaluate surgical indications more positively (p <0.05). Conclusion This study found that PCPs in Turkey had a basic knowledge of obesity treatment and were willing to treat and follow up these patients. However, it was observed that they could not adequately focus on this issue due to the requirement for a multidisciplinary approach to the disease and the workload. It was found that the young physiciansð level of knowledge of bariatric surgery was higher, but their attitudes towards patient referral were similar.
Role of the construction sector in the economy of a city

The need to renew civil infrastructure is particularly acute in urban centres. However, investment in infra - structure renewal has different economic implications compared with new construction, mainly having multiplier effects as opposed to real effects. Statistical techniques are used to study the factors that influence private sector commercial, industrial, and residential construction starts in the Greater Toronto Area (GTA). Regression equations for the construc - tion sector are incorporated into a macroeconomic model of the GTA. This model is used to study the impacts of pub- lic construction spending on the GTA economy. Impacts produced by infrastructure investment are not limited to the construction industry but are seen over the whole economy. In the model simulation, a CAN$1.75 billion road invest- ment in the second quarter of 1994 produced an additional CAN$375 million increase in regional gross domestic prod- uct (GDP).
Saúde e docentes em uma sociedade adoecida: um estudo no campo da pós-graduação em educação

O artigo é sobre a literacia para a saúde dos docentes de um programa de pós-graduação em educação de uma universidade federal no Brasil. O objetivo é compreender, dentro da realidade da educação superior brasileira, se estes profissionais exercitam suas capacidades de compreensão, gestão e investimento para a adoção de um estilo de vida saudável. Por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, dez professores responderam a um questionário Europeu adaptado culturalmente e validado no Brasil, acrescido de perguntas abertas pelos autores. O método durante o processo de investigação foi o da observação participante e aconteceu nas instalações da própria instituição. Considera-se, que 80% dos pesquisados têm literacia para a saúde, contudo, evidenciou-se que 70% dos docentes possuem alguma patologia, apesar de exercerem suas capacidades de compreensão e gestão para a sua saúde. Deste modo, a promoção da saúde é prejudicada pelo fato do tempo indisponível para adoção de um estilo de vida saudável de 70% dos pesquisados.
Artificial intelligence based programmable controller software designing

To automatically create software for programmable controllers for industrial plant control, a system has been developed that extracts information necessary for programming from system design specifications (such as an operation specification and actuator list) and creates programs by part retrieval. The inference engine uses a frame description language to execute a production system. Part retrieval rules are provided hierarchically and executed by the production system. When the system retrieves a software part by part retrieval rules, it retrieves the signal defined in the part from the input output signals, customizes the part, and creates an intermediate program, which is converted to a program in the target programmable controller's language. The system was applied to the creation of control programs for gradually cooling equipment in a wire and rod mill plant. <<ETX>>
Reverse engineering using laser metrology

Claims recent advances in laser‐based camera technology and 3D analysis software have made production of 3D CAD models from range images a practical proposition. Laser based cameras must meet very strict design criteria if they are to operate at long ranges; these criteria are explored. High‐speed laser cameras produce vast quantities of image data; it is shown that this data can be converted swiftly into a 3‐D CAD model.
The Mechanism of Gas Anesthetics Affecting the Proliferation, Invasion and Metastasis of Osteosarcoma Cells and its Chemotherapy Sensitivity

To explore the mechanism of gas anesthetics affecting osteosarcoma cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis of osteosarcoma cells and its chemotherapy sensitivity. We collected human osteosarcoma specimens from patients undergoing surgery. The expression of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition process related proteins fibronectin, N-cadherin, E-cadherin and beta-catenin and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins B-cell lymphoma 2, caspase-9 and caspase-3 was analyzed by western blot. The cell proliferation of each group of cells was measured by cell counting kit-8. Transwell test were carried out to detect cell invasion and metastasis. The messenger RNA expression of phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B pathway in cells was analyzed by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The apoptosis was detected by Annexin V-FITC early apoptosis detection kit and cell viability was detected by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide. Sevoflurane decreased the protein expression of N-cadherin and increased the protein expressions of E-cadherin and beta-catenin in a dosedependent manner (p<0.05). The low concentration group had decreased cell proliferation at 12 h, 24 h, 36 h and 72 h (p<0.05). The cell proliferation of the high concentration group decreased at 24 h, 36 h and 72 h (p<0.05). The sevoflurane reduced the number of cell invasion, cell metastasis and decreased the expression of B-cell lymphoma 2 protein in a dose-dependent manner (p<0.05). It increased the protein expressions of caspase-9 and caspase-3, reduced the messenger RNA expressions of phosphoinositide 3-kinase and protein kinase B and increased cell apoptosis and decreased cell viability in a dose-dependent manner (p<0.05). Gas anesthetic (sevoflurane) inhibited the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of osteosarcoma cells by inactivating the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B pathway and increased the chemotherapy sensitivity of osteosarcoma cells.
Key criteria for the short-circuit capability of IGBTs

Short-circuit behavior and capability are investigated and optimized during IGBT development. Thereby, knowledge about destruction and high-frequency short-circuit oscillation mechanisms is needed. For the thermal destruction mechanism, filaments are formed shortly before destruction during the thermal runaway itself, whereas for the electrical destruction mechanism strong current filaments are formed by an electrical mechanism, before the self-heating in the filaments leads to a thermal runaway. At low collector-emitter voltages, weak non-destructive filaments exist for a large current range. For both the filament formation and short-circuit oscillations (SCOs), an electric-field peak in the field-stop layer and a quasi-plasma layer beneath the MOS cells are mandatory. For SCOs, which are caused by a periodic storage and release of charge carriers inside the device, additionally, a weak electrical field at the beginning of the drift zone is necessary. Weak, non-destructive filaments and SCOs are likely to occur simultaneously. An increase of the bipolar current gain reduces the operating area with SCOs and increases the electrical short-circuit capability. A simultaneous reduction of the thermal short-circuit robustness can be avoided by advanced p-emitter concepts or (over-)compensated by an improved thermal setup.