Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anion and sugar recognition by 2,6-pyridinedicarboxamide bis-boronic acid derivatives

Abstract Two 2,6-pyridinedicarboxamide derivatives containing arylboronic acid fragments were prepared and fully characterized including X-ray crystal diffraction analysis of a pinacol ester. These compounds are potential bifunctional receptors for sugars and anions. Acid dissociation and stability constants for complexation of both receptors with glucose and fructose were determined by potentiometric titrations in aqueous DMSO. Also, binding of alizarin red S indicator was studied spectrophotometrically and a highly sensitive detection of fructose by an indicator displacement assay was proposed. Complexation with anions was studied by 1H NMR titrations in DMSO-d6. Binding of acetate anion occurs only via hydrogen bonding to OH groups of boronic acid fragments and does not affect signals of NH protons but chloride anion induces large shift of the signals of NH protons and small shifts of the signals of OH groups. This behavior makes possible anion discrimination based on preference in the type of binding site rather than simply on anion basicity as is typical for majority of neutral hydrogen bonding anion receptors.
Association between Serum High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Hypertension: Results of Kanagawa Investigation of Total Checkup Data from the National Database-9 (Kitchen-9)

Background Although high-density lipoprotein has cardioprotective effects, the association between serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and hypertension is poorly understood. Objective We investigated whether low and high concentrations of HDL-C are associated with hypertension using a large healthcare dataset. Methods In a community-based cross-sectional study of 1,493,152 Japanese people aged 40–74 years who underwent a health checkup, blood pressures and clinical parameters, including nine HDL-C concentrations (20–110 mg/dL or over) were investigated. Results A crude U-shaped relationship was observed between the nine HDL-C concentrations and blood pressure in males (n = 830,669), while a left-to-right inverted J-shaped relationship was observed in females(n = 662,483). An age-adjusted logistic regression analysis showed J-shaped relationships (left-to-right inversion in females) between HDL-C and odds ratios for hypertension (≥140/90 mmHg), with lower limits of 60–79 mg/dL in males and 90–99 mg/dL in females, which were unchanged after adjusting for smoking, habitual exercise, alcohol consumption, and pharmacotherapy for hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes. However, further adjustment for body mass index and serum triglyceride concentration revealed latent positive linear associations between HDL-C and hypertension, although the association between extremely high HDL-C (≥100 mg/dL) and hypertension was attenuated in non-alcohol drinkers. Conclusion Both low and extremely high HDL-C concentrations are associated with hypertension. The former association may be dependent on excess fat mass, which is often concomitant with low HDL-C, whereas the latter association may be dependent on frequent alcohol consumption.
CNN–LSTM con mecanismo de atención suave para el reconocimiento de acciones humanas en videos

El reconocimiento de acciones en videos es actualmente un tema de interés en el área de la visión por computador, debido a potenciales aplicaciones como: indexación multimedia, vigilancia en espacios públicos, entre otras. Los mecanismos de atención se han convertido en un concepto muy importante dentro del enfoque de aprendizaje profundo, su operación intenta imitar la capacidad visual de las personas que les permite enfocar su atención en partes relevantes de una escena para extraer información importante. En este artículo proponemos un mecanismo de atención suave adaptado para degradar la arquitectura CNN–LSTM. Primero, una red neuronal convolucional VGG16 extrae las características del video de entrada. Para llevar a cabo las fases de entrenamiento y prueba, usamos los conjuntos de datos HMDB-51 y UCF-101. Evaluamos el desempeño de nuestro sistema usando la precisión como métrica de evaluación, obteniendo 40,7 % (enfoque base), 51,2 % (con atención) para HMDB-51 y 75,8 % (enfoque base), 87,2 % (con atención) para UCF-101.
The effects of eccentric training on hamstring muscle architecture

The architectural features of the hamstring muscle group are important to prevent injury or to reduce the risk of re-injury. Besides, eccentric training is often used in the rehabilitation of hamstring injuries. The aim of this systematic review was to examine the changes created by eccentric training on hamstring muscle architecture and to determine the minimal values of training duration and intensity for requiring functional changes. The research was conducted on the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, COCHRANE, CINAHL, and Pedro databases. Full-text studies examining the effect of eccentric training on at least one parameter of the hamstring muscle architecture were included in the review. Studies on cadavers and animals and studies involving different types of training combined with eccentric training were excluded. Twelve of the 7954 studies met the set criteria. According to the results, eccentric training undoubtedly increases fiber length. However, the pennation angle tends to decrease. On the other hand, muscle thickness and cross-sectional area tends to increase depending on the eccentric training. Although the frequency, number of sets and number of repetitions in sets were similar in the examined studies, muscle architecture changes were different. We think that eccentric training duration and the number of repetitions in total or per training session seem to have an impact on muscle architecture. In order to determine the minimal eccentric training program that can create these changes, quality research is needed to examine the duration, intensity and methods of eccentric training.
Effect of storage temperature on physical-chemical and microbiological characteristics of beetroot juice

Although beetroot is a rich source of nutrients: vitamin, minerals, fibres, protein, among others, very few beetroot products have been developed. However, beetroot is very perishable like fruits and vegetables. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of temperature and storage duration on physical, chemical and microbiological changes in beetroot juice during storage period of 28 days at 4 °C and at 24 °C. The beetroot juice was developed and immediately stored at 4 °C and at 24 °C. The physico-chemical parameters such as pH, titratable acidity (TA), turbidity, colour, total soluble solids (TSS) and microbiological parameters such as total aerobic count (TAC), total coliform count, and yeast were determined in both samples at 4 °C and 24 °C. All data were analysed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Least significant difference between means was determined at the level of P ≤ 0.05. The overall results of this study showed high pH (3.46) in beetroot juice stored at 24 °C compared to the same juice with pH (4.6) at 4 °C ; high total acidity of 0.6% was observed in juice stored at 24 °C ; high turbidity of (19.68 NTU) was found in juice stored at 4°C ; the slight change was observed for TSS for both beetroot juices at 4 and 24°C ( 12.5 °brix and 12.7 obrix respectively ); the slight significant change (P ≤ 0.05) was also observed for colour of both juices at 4 and 24°C (0.7 %Abs and 0.6 %Abs respectively). The TAC for both juices at 4 and 24°C were 38.38 and 69.32 CFu/ml respectively. The results of this study showed effect of low temperature on growth TAC during storage (P ≤ 0.05). The low yeast at 4°C (45.81 CFU/ml) and high yeast 62.89 CFU/ml were observed but the effect was not statistically significant at P ≤ 0.05. Therefore, this study clearly shows the possibility of processing beetroot juice and its suitable storage temperature.
Design of Wideband Circularly Polarized Antenna Array Excited by Substrate Integrated Coaxial Line for Millimeter-Wave Applications

This communication presents the design of a wideband circularly polarized (CP) antenna array based on sequential rotation (SR) technique that is excited by a substrate integrated coaxial line (SICL) with mature and stable processing technology for millimeter-wave (mm-wave) applications. Initially, the influence of the amplitude and phase errors of the feeding network on the axial ratio of the CP array is analyzed, and the detailed design scheme of the wideband CP array based on SR technology is summarized, which can be used to design SR CP array with wide bandwidth and high polarization purity. Then, an SICL-fed $4 \times 4$ CP array working in the mm-wave band that is composed of two substrate layers and a bonding film layer is designed. The radiation element is processed with a larger chamfering, which can realize elliptically polarized radiation in a broadband range, and the impedance bandwidth is significantly expanded relative to the working state of linearly polarized and CP, which has a significant impact on the final array working bandwidth enhancement. The feeding network and radiation elements are directly connected in the same plane. Finally, the proposed antenna is processed and measured to verify the theory and design scheme in this communication. Over the frequency range of 25.0–34.0 GHz, the measured 1.5 dB axial ratio bandwidth of the fabricated prototype is 30.5%, and the return losses are less than −10 dB. The maximum measured peak gain is 16.5 dBi.
Quality of life in SSc-ILD patients: Understanding the impact of the ILD and the needs of the SSc-ILD patients and their need for caregivers in France

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to describe the impact of systemic sclerosis associated interstitial lung disease, on quality of life, to estimate the correlation between quality of life and severity of lung disease and to assess the impact of interstitial lung disease on caregivers. Methods: Seven investigators included systemic sclerosis associated interstitial lung disease patients from December 2019 to April 2020. Sociodemographics and clinical data were collected. Patients reported outcomes and questionnaires were used with 1 generic patients reported outcome (EQ-5D-5L), 1 specific PRO (Brief Interstitial Lung Disease) and 2 self-reported questionnaires on impact of SSc complications and impact on caregivers. The correlation between forced vital capacity and EQ-5D-5L score was estimated with a multivariate linear regression model adjusted on several covariates. Results: In all, 89 patients were included. 26.4% were males, mean age was 58.2 ± 14.5 years. Mean EQ-5D-5L score = 0.79 ± 0.22 (median = 0.85). Mean EQ-5D-5L visual analog scale score = 60.8 ± 20.4 (median = 61.5). Mean King’s Brief Interstitial Lung Disease score = 58.4 ± 12.7 (median = 58.0). After adjustment on covariates, a significant correlation between forced vital capacity and EQ-5D-5L score was found with an increase of 0.003 of the EQ-5D-5L score for a 1% increase of FVC (p = 0.0096). No significant correlation between forced vital capacity and the EQ-VAS and King’s Brief Interstitial Lung Disease score were found. The impact of SSc on other organs was significantly correlated with EQ- 5D-5L score, respectively, for the impact scores on the lung system (p = 0.0003), heart system (p = 0.0182), Raynaud’s syndrome (p = 0.0015), digestive system (p = 0.0032), joints/muscles (p = 0.0003), skin (p < 0.0001), kidney (p = 0.0052) and gastro-oesophageal reflux (p = 0.0063). Significant correlations between King’s Brief Interstitial Lung Disease score and lung system (p < 0.0001), heart system (p < 0.0001), digital ulcers (p = 0.058), digestive system (p < 0.0001), kidney (p = 0.0004), skin (p = 0.0499) and gastro-oesophageal reflux (p = 0.0033) scores were found 68.5% of patients reported their need for a caregiver to help them in their daily life activities. Conclusion: Our study highlighted the strong burden of systemic sclerosis associated interstitial lung disease` for patients, especially with an impact on quality of life, on other organs manifestations and need for caregivers in their daily life.
Seasonal features of geomagnetic activity: evidence for solar activity dependence?

Abstract. Seasonal features of geomagnetic activity and their solar wind-interplanetary drivers are studied using more than 5 solar cycles of geomagnetic activity and solar wind observations. This study involves a total of 1239 geomagnetic storms of varying intensity identified using the Dst index from January 1963 to December 2019, a total of 75863 substorms identified from the SML index from January 1976 to December 2019, a total of 145 high-intensity long-duration continuous auroral electrojet (AE) activity (HILDCAA) events identified using the AE index from January 1975 to December 2017. The occurrence rates of the substorms, geomagnetic storms, including moderate (−50 nT ≥ Dst > −100 nT) and intense (−100 nT ≥ Dst > −250 nT), exhibit a significant semi-annual variation (periodicity ~ 6 months), while the super storms (Dst ≤ −250 nT) and HILDCAAs do not exhibit any clear seasonal feature. The geomagnetic activity indices Dst and ap exhibit a semi-annual variation while AE exhibits an annual variation (periodicity ~ 1 year). The annual and semi-annual variations are found to be driven by the annual variation of the solar wind speed Vsw and the semi-annual variation of the coupling function V Bs (where V = Vsw, and Bs is the southward component of the interplanetary magnetic field), respectively. We present a detailed analysis of the annual and semi-annual variations and their dependencies on the solar activity cycles separated as the odd, even, weak and strong solar cycles.
Crowns for paediatric teeth: Stainless steel crown

Management of the severely destructed primary teeth poses a challenge for the paediatric dentist as three important considerations have to be kept in mind, patient’s behavioural management, preservation of the tooth structure and parental satisfaction. Various crowns have been introduced to the field of dentistry such as stainless-steel crowns and aesthetic crowns. Prefabricated stainless steel crowns (SSC) can be adapted to individual primary teeth and cemented in place to provide a definitive restoration. The SSC is extremely durable, relatively inexpensive, subject to minimal technique sensitivity during placement, and offers the advantage of full coronal coverage. SSC are often used to restore primary and permanent teeth in children and adolescents where intra-coronal restorations would otherwise fail. This article brings the update of this definitive restoration.
Bienestar psicológico y comunicación familiar en comerciantes del mercado Moshoqueque en el contexto COVID-19

La siguiente investigación tiene como finalidad identificar la relación entre el bienestar psicológico y la comunicación familiar que tienen los comerciantes del mercado Moshoqueque, en tiempos de COVID-19. La metodología empleada fue de tipo cuantitativo, nivel correlacional y su diseño es no experimental y transaccional. La población estuvo constituida por 100 comerciantes de ambos sexos, la muestra fue de tipo poblacional debido a la pequeñez del grupo de estudio, de los cuales participaron 70 comerciantes por cumplir con los requisitos de inclusión y exclusión. Para poder medir la variable de bienestar psicológico, se utilizó la Escala de Bienestar Psicológico de José Sánchez Canobos y para poder medir la variable de comunicación familiar se utilizó la Escala de comunicación Familiar (FCS). En el análisis de estas variables, se empleó la prueba estadística de correlación de Pearson para determinar la correlación existente entre la variable de bienestar psicológico y la variable de comunicación familiar. Entre los principales resultados encontrados vemos que existe un grado de relación bajo de 218, con un nivel de significancia de 0.01. Se concluye que no existe correlación significativa entre el bienestar subjetivo y la comunicación familiar en los comerciantes del mercado Moshoqueque en tiempos de COVID-19. Sin embargo, sí se encontró una correlación significativa entre el bienestar material y la comunicación familiar en los comerciantes del mercado Moshoqueque en tiempos de COVID-19, porque se ha encontrado un grado de correlación bajo de 336**, con un nivel de significancia de 0.05. Palabras clave: bienestar psicológico; bienestar subjetivo; bienestar material; COVID-19, comunicación familiar.
Potential of Small Culverts as Wildlife Passages on Forest Roads

Roads and traffic can cause animal mortality. Specifically, roads serve as barriers by impeding animal movement, resulting in demographic and genetic consequences. Drainage structures, such as culverts, can provide linkages between habitat patches. However, the potential of small culverts with diameters of <60 cm (e.g., wildlife passages that facilitate movement on forest roads) are relatively unknown. In this study, we used trail cameras to monitor the use of 14 small culverts, by mammals, along forest roads on Mt. Graham, home of the critically endangered Mt. Graham red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus grahamensis), in southeastern Arizona, USA. From 2011 to 2013, we only recorded 20 completed road crossings through culverts. More than half of culvert uses were by striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis), followed by the rock squirrel (Spermophilus variegatus) and the bobcat (Lynx rufus). The Mt. Graham red squirrel was the only species that was common along the roads, but never crossed the roads. Culverts with higher usages were characterized by shorter culvert lengths and absence of accumulated soil inside the culverts. Our study shows that small-dimension drainage systems may provide alternative pathways for wildlife crossing roads, especially for slow moving and ground dwelling species. However, the potential of small culverts assisting wildlife crossings can only be maximized when culverts are accessible year-round.
iCOM formation from radical chemistry: a mechanistic study from cryogenic matrix coupled with IR and EPR spectroscopies.

Interstellar complex organic molecules (iCOMs) have been identified in different interstellar environments including star forming regions as well as cold dense molecular clouds. Laboratory studies show that iCOMs can be formed either in gas-phase or in the solid state, on icy grains, from ”non-energetic” (atom-addition/abstraction) or energetic (UV-photon, particle bombardments) processes. In this contribution, using a new experimental approach mixing matrix isolation technique, mass spectrometry, and infrared and EPR spectroscopies, we want to investigate the COM formation at 35 K from a complex mixture of ground state radicals trying to draw a general reaction scheme. We photolyse (121 nm) CH3OH diluted in Ar at low temperature (below 15 K) to generate ${H^. CO}$, ${HO^. CO}$, ${^. CH2OH}$, ${CH3O^. }$, ${^. OH}$, and ${^. CH3}$ radicals and ”free” H-atoms within the matrix. Radicals have been identified using infrared and EPR spectroscopies. With the disappearance of the Ar matrix (at 35 K), these unstable species are then free to react, forming new species in a solid film. Some recombination products have been detected using infrared spectroscopy and mass spectrometry in the solid film after Ar removal, namely methyl formate (CH3OCHO), glycolaldehyde (HOCH2CHO), ethylene glycol (HOCH2CH2OH), glyoxal (CHOCHO), ethanol (CH3CH2OH), formic acid (HCOOH), dimethyl ether (CH3OCH3), methoxymethanol (CH3OCH2OH) and CH4O2 isomers (methanediol and/or methyl hydroperoxide). The detected molecules are fully consistent with the radicals detected and strongly support the solid state scenario of iCOM formation in interstellar ices based on radical-radical recombination. We then discuss astrophysical implications of the radical pathways on the observed gas-phase iCOMs.
La calidad del dato en la metodología observacional en el deporte

En la última década, el número de estudios científicos del deporte en Uruguay basados en la metodología observacional ha aumentado significativamente. Un punto clave para garantizar la mayor rigurosidad en los procesos de investigación ha sido la exigencia de determinar la calidad del instrumento de observación y de la medida. Los conceptos de validez y fiabilidad son centrales en los procesos de elaboración del instrumento y durante la toma de datos. Por otra parte, la adecuada preparación de los observadores que utilizan el instrumento es decisiva para asegurar un correcto proceso de registro. Este trabajo tiene por objetivo realizar una revisión de las decisiones tomadas respecto a la calidad del dato a través de las investigaciones en deportes colectivos realizadas en Uruguay utilizando la metodología observacional en los últimos diez años.
Antimicrobial Properties, Cytotoxic Effects, and Fatty Acids Composition of Vegetable Oils from Purslane, Linseed, Luffa, and Pumpkin Seeds

In the present study, the antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities, as well as the fatty acids composition in vegetable seed oils from linseed, purslane, luffa, and pumpkin were evaluated. For this purpose, two linseed oils and one luffa oil were commercially obtained, while purslane and pumpkin oils were obtained from own cultivated seeds. The results showed a variable fatty acids composition among the tested oils, with α-linolenic, linoleic, oleic, palmitic, and stearic acid being the most abundant compounds. In regards to particular oils, linseed oils were a rich source of α-linolenic acid, luffa and pumpkin oil were abundant in linoleic acid, while purslane oil presented a balanced composition with an almost similar amount of both fatty acids. Luffa oil was the most effective against two of the tested cancer cell lines, namely HeLa (cervical carcinoma) and NCI-H460 (non-small cell lung cancer), while it also showed moderate toxicity against non-tumor cells (PLP2 cell line). Regarding the antibacterial activity, linseed oil 3 and pumpkin oil showed the highest activity against most of the tested bacteria (especially against Enterobacter cloacae and Escherichia coli) with MIC and MBC values similar to the used positive controls (E211 and E224). All the tested oils showed significant antifungal activities, especially luffa and pumpkin oil, and for most of the tested fungi they were more effective than the positive controls, as for example in the case of Aspergillus versicolor, A. niger, and Penicillium verrucosum var. cyclopium. In conclusion, the results of our study showed promising antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties for the studied seed oils which could be partly attributed to their fatty acids composition, especially the long-chain ones with 12–18 carbons.