Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Superconducting Pseudogap in a Boson–Fermion Model

A boson–fermion (BF) quantum-statistical binary gas mixture model consisting of positive-energy resonant bosonic Cooper electron pairs (CPs) in chemical and thermal equilibrium with single unpaired electrons is presented. Two-time retarded Green functions are shown to conveniently cope and deal with nonzero center-of-mass momentum (CMM) CPs. They yield an analytic expression for a dimensionless-coupling (λ)- and temperature ( T )-dependent generalized energy gap E g (λ, T ) in the single-electron spectrum of a superconductor. This generalized gap vanishes above a specific (“depairing” or “pseudogap”) temperature T * > T c , where T c is the critical Bose–Einstein condensation (BEC) singularity associated with the BF binary mixture, but is nonzero for all T below T * due initially to the formation of “preformed” pairs. Within the present BF model the generalized gap E g (λ, T ) is not restricted to the underdoped high-temperature superconductors as we illustrate with BSCCO, but is also applicable in optima.
Fruit production and quality of ‘Paluma’ guava with nematode-tolerant rootstock irrigated in the semi-arid region

ABSTRACT Using nematode-resistant and/or -tolerant rootstock is a strategy that has maintained guava cultivation feasible in the irrigated perimeters of the Brazilian semi-arid region. The objective was to evaluate the production, gas exchange, and fruit quality of ‘Paluma’ guava with and without nematode-tolerant rootstock under different irrigation depths and production periods. The experimental design was randomized blocks, in the mixed 2 × 4 × 2 factorial scheme, corresponding to two forms of cultivation of ‘Paluma’ guava (without and with nematode-tolerant rootstock), four irrigation depths (60, 80, 100, and 120% of crop evapotranspiration - ETc), and two production periods, with four replicates. Guava plants were evaluated for physiological, production and post-harvest quality parameters. Gas exchange in ‘Paluma’ guava leaves was higher in the second production cycle, under irrigation depths above 100% ETc, not differing with the use of the rootstock. The use of the rootstock ‘BRS Guaraçá’ promotes a greater number of fruits and production with the increase of the irrigation depth, mainly in the second half of the year, with the increase of soluble solids and titratable acidity in the fruits.
Second-generation galaxies in merging clusters?

We consider gas-dynamics phenomena in merging clusters of galaxies. According to X-ray observations, merger shocks involve considerable baryonic masses and compress them into large-scale gaseous layers. The internal structure of the layers includes vorticity and magnetic fields generated in the process of the layer formation and evolution. The layers are unstable against fragmentation via thermal instability. The fragments can have baryonic masses, angular momenta and magnetic fields which are typical for galaxies such as the Milky Way. The gravitational condensation of the fragments may lead to the origin of second-generation spiral galaxies in merging clusters. They may differ from the first-generation spirals because they have a higher rate of star formation, a higher luminosity and a bluer colour. Their metallicity must be considerably enhanced which seems to be their major selective feature.
Tau protein plays a role in the mechanism of cognitive disorders induced by anesthetic drugs

Cognitive disorders are mental health disorders that can affect cognitive ability. Surgery and anesthesia have been proposed to increase the incidence of cognitive dysfunction, including declines in memory, learning, attention and executive function. Tau protein is a microtubule-associated protein located in the axons of neurons and is important for microtubule assembly and stability; its biological function is mainly regulated by phosphorylation. Phosphorylated tau protein has been associated with cognitive dysfunction mediated by disrupting the stability of the microtubule structure. There is an increasing consensus that anesthetic drugs can cause cognitive impairment. Herein, we reviewed the latest literature and compared the relationship between tau protein and cognitive impairment caused by different anesthetics. Our results substantiated that tau protein phosphorylation is essential in cognitive dysfunction caused by anesthetic drugs, and the possible mechanism can be summarized as “anesthetic drugs-kinase/phosphatase-p-Tau-cognitive impairment”.
Growth hormone supplementation ameliorates blastocyst euploidy rates and improves pregnancy outcomes in women undergoing preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy cycles

Background Growth hormone (GH) supplementation has been shown to improve oocyte quality and live birth, but few studies have examined whether GH can reduce embryonic aneuploidy. Chromosomal abnormalities in preimplantation embryos have been regarded as the principal cause of implantation failure and miscarriage, and an increased percentage of aneuploid embryos has been observed in patient cohorts with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), recurrent implantation failure (RIF), and advanced maternal age. Methods This prospective cohort study was conducted on women whose previous PGT-A cycle ended up with no transferrable blastocysts, or the aneuploidy rate was above 50% and no live birth was acquired. The participants were divided into GH co-treatment and comparison groups according to whether GH was administered in the subsequent PGT-A cycle. In addition, within the GH co-treatment group, the previous failed cycle constituted the self-control group. Results 208 women were recruited in the study (GH co-treatment group: 96 women, comparison group: 112 women). Compared to the self-control and comparison groups, the rate of euploid blastocysts was significantly higher in the GH co-treatment group (GH vs self-control: 32.00% vs 9.14%, odds ratio [OR]: 4.765, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.420–9.385, P < 0.01; GH vs comparison: 32.00% vs. 21.05%, OR: 1.930, 95% CI: 1.106–3.366, P = 0.021), and their frozen embryo transfers resulted in more pregnancies and live births. In the subgroup analysis, for the <35 and 35-40 years groups, the euploidy rate in the GH co-treatment group was significantly higher than those in the self-control and comparison groups, but in the >40 years group, there was no difference in euploidy rate. Conclusion Our study presents preliminary evidence that GH supplementation may ameliorate blastocyst aneuploidy and improve pregnancy outcomes in women who have previously experienced pregnancy failures along with high aneuploidy rates, particularly in those younger than 40 years. Therefore, the use of GH in such women should be considered. However, considering the limited sample size and mixed indications for PGT-A, further scientific research on the underlying mechanism as well as clinical trials with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm the effects and optimal protocols.
The History of the Dirichlet and Liouville Distributions

The Dirichlet distributions have long been the subject of intense scrutiny in statistics and probability. Despite the enormous interest in, and wide‐ranging applications of, these distributions, little appears to be known about their history. In this article we review the development of the Dirichlet distributions and their companions, the Liouville distributions. After reviewing some integral formulas of Dirichlet and Liouville, we survey the theory and applications of these distributions in statistics.
HIST1H1E syndrome with deficiency in multiple pituitary hormones

● We report the first case of HIST1H1E syndrome with hyposecretion of several pituitary hormones. ● De novo frameshift H1-4 mutations (c.441dup: p. (Lys148Glnfs*48)) were detected. ● A mutation at the C-terminus of H1-4 may result in DNA CpG hypomethylation and in nonspecific enhancement of gene expression in the central nervous system
Screening the risk of obstructive sleep apnea by utilizing supervised learning techniques based on anthropometric features and snoring events

Objectives Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is typically diagnosed by polysomnography (PSG). However, PSG is time-consuming and has some clinical limitations. This study thus aimed to establish machine learning models to screen for the risk of having moderate-to-severe and severe OSA based on easily acquired features. Methods We collected PSG data on 3529 patients from Taiwan and further derived the number of snoring events. Their baseline characteristics and anthropometric measures were obtained, and correlations among the collected variables were investigated. Next, six common supervised machine learning techniques were utilized, including random forest (RF), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), k-nearest neighbor (kNN), support vector machine (SVM), logistic regression (LR), and naïve Bayes (NB). First, data were independently separated into a training and validation dataset (80%) and a test dataset (20%). The approach with the highest accuracy in the training and validation phase was employed to classify the test dataset. Next, feature importance was investigated by calculating the Shapley value of every factor, which represented the impact on OSA risk screening. Results The RF produced the highest accuracy (of >70%) in the training and validation phase in screening for both OSA severities. Hence, we employed the RF to classify the test dataset, and results showed a 79.32% accuracy for moderate-to-severe OSA and 74.37% accuracy for severe OSA. Snoring events and the visceral fat level were the most and second most essential features of screening for OSA risk. Conclusions The established model can be considered for screening for the risk of having moderate-to-severe or severe OSA.
WASH and NTDs: Outcomes and lessons learned from the implementation of a formative research study in NTD skin co-endemic communities in Benin

Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) are a diverse group of bacterial, viral, parasitic and fungal diseases affecting people, most of whom live below the poverty threshold. Several control strategies are defined against these diseases, including chemotherapy and Water, Hygiene and Sanitation (WASH). This study assesses the effect of promoting hygiene and sanitation on soil-transmitted helminthiasis s and NTDs of the skin. It took place in the communes of Ze, Lalo, and Zangnanado, three municipalities located in the south of Benin. This is a formative research that took place in three phases. The first phase entailed a baseline informations and situational analysis of the state of hygiene and health, using soil-transmitted helminthiasis and wound hygiene practices as cases studies. In the second phase, interventions to promote improved hygiene and sanitation were implemented. The third phase was devoted to post-intervention evaluation. The situation analysis showed that the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminthiasis was 6.43 and 7.10% in the municipalities of Ze and Lalo, respectively. In the communes of Zangnanado, the most common wound management practices identified were: putting sand or ashes in the wounds to keep flies away, the use of medicinal plants and the application of powder from antibiotic capsules for wound dressing. The post-intervention evaluation showed a decrease in the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminthiasis from 6.43 to 1.19% in the municipality of Lalo and from 7.10 to 1.75% in the municipality of Ze. In the commune of Zangnanado, a significant shift in wound management practices was noted, which led to the healing of several chronic wounds. This research supports the evidence that WASH-based interventions are very important to tackle neglected tropical diseases NTDs in addition to specific diseases based interventions.
Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Differentially Expressed Genes Involved in Cadmium and Arsenic Accumulation in Tea Plant (Camellia sinensis)

Tea (Camellia sinensis) is the second most consumed drink in the world. Rapid industrialization has caused various impacts on nature and increased pollution by heavy metals. However, the molecular mechanisms of cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) tolerance and accumulation in tea plants are poorly understood. The present study focused on the effects of heavy metals Cd and As on tea plants. Transcriptomic regulation of tea roots after Cd and As exposure was analyzed to explore the candidate genes involved in Cd and As tolerance and accumulation. In total, 2087, 1029, 1707, and 366 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained in Cd1 (with Cd treatment for 10 days) vs. CK (without Cd treatment), Cd2 (with Cd treatment for 15 days) vs. CK, As1 (with As treatment for 10 days) vs. CK (without Cd treatment), and As2 (with As treatment for 15 days) vs. CK, respectively. Analysis of DEGs showed that a total of 45 DEGs with the same expression patterns were identified in four pairwise comparison groups. One ERF transcription factor (CSS0000647) and six structural genes (CSS0033791, CSS0050491, CSS0001107, CSS0019367, CSS0006162, and CSS0035212) were only increased at 15 d of Cd and As treatments. Using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) revealed that the transcription factor (CSS0000647) was positively correlated with five structural genes (CSS0001107, CSS0019367, CSS0006162, CSS0033791, and CSS0035212). Moreover, one gene (CSS0004428) was significantly upregulated in both Cd and As treatments, suggesting that these genes might play important roles in enhancing the tolerance to Cd and As stresses. These results provide candidate genes to enhance multi-metal tolerance through the genetic engineering technology.
Relative Contact Pressure: Dependence on Surface Roughness and Vickers Microhardness

An explicit expression for the contact hardness and the relative contact pressure is developed. This expression is simple and clearly shows the dependence of the contact hardness and the relative contact pressure upon the Vickers microhardness correlation coefficients and the surface roughness parameters. Parametric studies of the contact conductance are performed, and it is shown that theoretical predictions and experimental data are in good agreement. Nomenclature = mean contact radius, m = apparent contact area, m2 = constant for Vickers microhardness correlation ah = dimensionless conductance, C = - = Vickers indentation diagonal, m = conductance, W/mZ.K = bulk hardness, MPa = contact microhardness, MPa = Vickers microhardness, MPa = thermal conductivity, W/m.K = harmonic mean thermal conductivity, W/m.K = mean absolute asperity slope = constants in Eqs. (20) and (21) mks
The Clinical Spectrum, Diagnosis, and Management of GATA2 Deficiency

Simple Summary A predisposition to myeloid neoplasms has recently been recognized as a defined clinical entity by the World Health Organization. One of the most well-known syndromes within this group is GATA2 deficiency, which is a highly heterogeneous disorder that can include pulmonary and vascular involvement, immunodeficiency, and myeloid neoplasms. The only curative treatment for this syndrome is allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), which should be performed in patients with GATA2 deficiency before irreversible organ damage. These patients should be referred to a multidisciplinary team to assess all potential and specific organ-system manifestations that could impact the patient’s treatment, and consultations with appropriate subspecialists should be facilitated. Additionally, genetic testing should be offered to first-degree relatives, particularly those considered for donation when an HSCT with a sibling donor is feasible. Abstract Hereditary myeloid malignancy syndromes (HMMSs) are rare but are becoming increasingly significant in clinical practice. One of the most well-known syndromes within this group is GATA2 deficiency. The GATA2 gene encodes a zinc finger transcription factor essential for normal hematopoiesis. Insufficient expression and function of this gene as a result of germinal mutations underlie distinct clinical presentations, including childhood myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia, in which the acquisition of additional molecular somatic abnormalities can lead to variable outcomes. The only curative treatment for this syndrome is allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, which should be performed before irreversible organ damage happens. In this review, we will examine the structural characteristics of the GATA2 gene, its physiological and pathological functions, how GATA2 genetic mutations contribute to myeloid neoplasms, and other potential clinical manifestations. Finally, we will provide an overview of current therapeutic options, including recent transplantation strategies.
Spatial Proximity Feature Selection With Residual Spatial–Spectral Attention Network for Hyperspectral Image Classification

Over the past few years, deep learning has been introduced to tackle hyperspectral image (HSI) classification and demonstrated good performance. In particular, the convolutional neural network (CNN) based methods have progressed. However, due to the high dimensionality of HSI and equal treatment of all bands, the performances of CNN based methods are hampered. The labels of land-covers often differ between edge and the center pixels in pixel-centered spatial information. These edge pixels may weaken the discrimination of spatial features and reduce classification accuracy. Motivated by the attention mechanism of the human visual system, the spatial proximity feature selection with residual spatial–spectral attention network is proposed in this article. It contains a residual spatial attention module, a residual spectral attention module, and a spatial proximity feature selection module. The residual spatial attention module aims to select the crucial spatial information, which assigns weights to different features by measuring the similarity between the surrounding elements and their central ones. The residual spectral attention module is designed for spectral bands which are selected from raw input data by emphasizing the valuable bands and suppressing the valueless. According to the spatial distribution of features, the spatial proximity feature selection module is used to filter features effectively. Experiments on three public data sets demonstrate that the proposed network outperforms the state-of-the-art methods in comparison.
Studies on the Aural Reflex. I. Contralateral Remote Masking as an Indicator of Reflex Activity

The phenomenon of “contralateral remote masking” is described: the elevation of threshold sensitivity to a low‐frequency tone in one ear produced by a high‐frequency band of noise in the other. Evidence is presented indicating that this effect is mainly attenuation induced by reflex activation of the stapedius muscle, although probably some central masking is also involved. The strength of the activation (1) increases linearly with sound pressure level of the arousal noise beginning at about 85 db SPL, (2) decreases linearly with frequency level of the noise, and (3) gradually decreases with time (i.e., adapts), reaching an asymptote after about 3 min. Individual differences in reflex activity could not be explained in terms of differences in resting thresholds. The relation of this phenomenon to ipsilateral remote masking and loudness adaptation is studied, and its effect on temporary threshold shift and on loudness judgements at high intensities is discussed.
Social Media Advertising: How Do Consumers Respond to Ads on Instagram?

Utilization of social media marketing greatly influences a brand in terms of awareness, the relationship between the organization and consumers, and purchase intention. Therefore this research was conducted to study the interactions that social media users give to image or video advertisements displayed on Instagram. The research model used in this study is descriptive quantitative, by distributing questionnaires to respondents online via Google form. The study uses descriptive statistical analysis to measure the average, frequency distribution, and calculate the value of the distribution in the resulting data. The results of this study indicate that there is an influence on consumer response to advertisements on social media Instagram. This study shows that Instagram is the right choice for one of its marketing strategies because consumers give a good response.
Development and applications of two singular points finite elements

An element formulation is suggested to obtain variable order singularities simultaneously at the two neighbouring corner nodes of a 4-noded quadrilateral. The element is useful for modelling a kinked crack with small kink length. The accuracy is good and this is obtained at a substantially reduced computational cost. Case studies are presented to illustrate the usefulness and the accuracy obtainable.
Far Infrared Photoconductive Detectors

Far infrared photoconductive detection is considered in the wavelength range 30 to 1000)π m. High sensitivity direct detection in a low photon flux background, as typically met in spaceborne astrophysics measurements, is emphasized. Recent advances in extrinsic germanium photoconductors, particularly stressed Ge:Ga are reported. Wideband photoconductive detection with Hgi-xCdxTe and narrow band magnetically tunable photodetection based on InSb and GaAs are reviewed. Prospects for new devices and supporting technologies are discussed.
Probabilistic Forecasting-Based Reserve Determination Considering Multi-Temporal Uncertainty of Renewable Energy Generation

Operating reserve, among the most important ancillary services, is a powerful prescription for mitigating increasing uncertainty of renewable generation. Traditional reserve determination neglects uncertainty of renewable generation variations within the dispatch interval, which cannot guarantee sufficient reserve deliverability in real-time operation. This article proposes a probabilistic forecasting-based reserve determination method to efficiently deal with multi-temporal uncertainty of renewable energy in power systems. A novel probabilistic forecasting approach is proposed by integrating Dirichlet process Gaussian mixture model into bootstrap-based extreme learning machine. A unified uncertainty model is constructed for depicting both interval-averaged uncertainty and intra-interval uncertainty by combing the probabilistic forecasts and linearized Itô-process model. In current business practices of many independent system operators, the coordinated determination of two well-designed reserve products, including regulating reserve and ramp capability reserve, is formulated in a two-stage robust optimization framework. A Bernstein polynomial-based model reformulation approach is then employed to handle the existing heterogeneity in the sub-models of each stage. Consequently, the integrated reserve determination is embedded in a generic two-stage robust optimization problem, which can be efficiently solved by the adopted modified column-and-constraint generation method. Finally, numerical simulations are implemented to validate the effectiveness and profitability of the proposed approach.
Array shape calibration using sources in known locations

Most sensor array processing methods for multiple source localization require knowledge of the sensor array pattern characteristics or the array manifold. In particular, they assume a precise knowledge of the relative positions of the sensors which may not represent the true sensor positions. An iterative Newton-type array shape calibration algorithm to estimate the array sensor positions is proposed. This technique is based on the asymptotically efficient weighted subspace fitting (WSF) estimator using known calibration sources. A closed form expression for the asymptotic Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) for the sensor positions is also presented. Numerical examples are presented to illustrate the improved performance in resolution and accuracy for multiple source localization problems using this technique as well as the asymptotic optimality of the WSF array shape calibration algorithm in approaching the CRB. <<ETX>>