Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
POPULATION SIZE AND DISTRIBUTION OF MOOSE IN CHINA

Using the 3 orders sampling method,tHe authors selected 16 samphng sites andreplaced 202 sampling lines which were 2 476.6km in length,and 309 trail lines of moose(Alces alces) were cotinted in Da and Xiao Xinganling Mountains of Northeastern China.during the winter of 1985-1987.From these data,the geographical distribution andpopulation size were determined as follows:the total area of moose habitat is about 190000km￣2,the average density is 0.0519 individuals/km￣2 and the population size is 9 955+397 individtials. In the meantime,annual descending rate was 6.3%. Now the moosepoptilation in China is greatly need to protect.Lastly,the reasons of causing the moosepoptilation to reduce,as well advantage and shortcoming of the investigation methodwere disctissed.
Potentiation of natural killer cells to overcome cancer resistance to NK cell-based therapy and to enhance antibody-based immunotherapy

Natural killer (NK) cells are cellular components of the innate immune system that can recognize and suppress the proliferation of cancer cells. NK cells can eliminate cancer cells through direct lysis, by secreting perforin and granzymes, or through antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). ADCC involves the binding of the Fc gamma receptor IIIa (CD16), present on NK cells, to the constant region of an antibody already bound to cancer cells. Cancer cells use several mechanisms to evade antitumor activity of NK cells, including the accumulation of inhibitory cytokines, recruitment and expansion of immune suppressor cells such as myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and regulatory T cells (Tregs), modulation of ligands for NK cells receptors. Several strategies have been developed to enhance the antitumor activity of NK cells with the goal of overcoming cancer cells resistance to NK cells. The three main strategies to engineer and boost NK cells cytotoxicity include boosting NK cells with modulatory cytokines, adoptive NK cell therapy, and the employment of engineered NK cells to enhance antibody-based immunotherapy. Although the first two strategies improved the efficacy of NK cell-based therapy, there are still some limitations, including immune-related adverse events, induction of immune-suppressive cells and further cancer resistance to NK cell killing. One strategy to overcome these issues is the combination of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that mediate ADCC and engineered NK cells with potentiated anti-cancer activity. The advantage of using mAbs with ADCC activity is that they can activate NK cells, but also favor the accumulation of immune effector cells to the tumor microenvironment (TME). Several clinical trials reported that combining engineered NK cells with mAbs with ADCC activity can result in a superior clinical response compared to mAbs alone. Next generation of clinical trials, employing engineered NK cells with mAbs with higher affinity for CD16 expressed on NK cells, will provide more effective and higher-quality treatments to cancer patients.
Recent Advances and Synergistic Effects of Non-Precious Carbon-Based Nanomaterials as ORR Electrocatalysts: A Review

The use of platinum-free (Pt) cathode electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reactions (ORRs) has been significantly studied over the past decade, improving slow reaction mechanisms. For many significant energy conversion and storage technologies, including fuel cells and metal–air batteries, the ORR is a crucial process. These have motivated the development of highly active and long-lasting platinum-free electrocatalysts, which cost less than proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Researchers have identified a novel, non-precious carbon-based electrocatalyst material as the most effective substitute for platinum (Pt) electrocatalysts. Rich sources, outstanding electrical conductivity, adaptable molecular structures, and environmental compatibility are just a few of its benefits. Additionally, the increased surface area and the simplicity of regulating its structure can significantly improve the electrocatalyst’s reactive sites and mass transport. Other benefits include the use of heteroatoms and single or multiple metal atoms, which are capable of acting as extremely effective ORR electrocatalysts. The rapid innovations in non-precious carbon-based nanomaterials in the ORR electrocatalyst field are the main topics of this review. As a result, this review provides an overview of the basic ORR reaction and the mechanism of the active sites in non-precious carbon-based electrocatalysts. Further analysis of the development, performance, and evaluation of these systems is provided in more detail. Furthermore, the significance of doping is highlighted and discussed, which shows how researchers can enhance the properties of electrocatalysts. Finally, this review discusses the existing challenges and expectations for the development of highly efficient and inexpensive electrocatalysts that are linked to crucial technologies in this expanding field.
The 2011–2012 unrest at Santorini rift: Stress interaction between active faulting and volcanism

At Santorini, active normal faulting controls the emission of volcanic products. Such geometry has implication on seismic activity around the plumbing system during unrest. Static Coulomb stress changes induced by the 2011–2012 inflation within a preexisting NW‐SE extensional regional stress field, compatible with fault geometry, increased by more than 0.5 MPa in an ellipsoid‐shaped zone beneath the Minoan caldera where almost all earthquakes (96%) have occurred since beginning of unrest. Magmatic processes perturb the regional stress in the caldera where strike‐slip rather than normal faulting along NE‐SW striking planes are expected. The inflation may have also promoted more distant moderate earthquakes on neighboring faults as the M > 5 January 2012, south of Christiania. Santorini belongs to a set of en echelon NE‐SW striking rifts (Milos, Nysiros) oblique to the Aegean arc that may have initiated in the Quaternary due to propagation of the North Anatolian fault into the Southern Aegean Sea.
Object recognition and detection: Potential implications from vision science for wilderness searching

Field searching relies heavily on human vision and the ability to recognize objects that are out of place in their environment. Searchers seek to continually improve their ability to detect clues. This paper provides an overview of findings from vision science investigations as they relate to the ability to detect and recognize objects. Vision research provides a solid basis for the utilization of the searcher’s cube and the walk/stop/search cadence. It provides insights into the psychological factors that inhibit detection of low prevalence clues and means to reduce these barriers. Lastly, investigations from vision science illustrate the key elements needed in training to improve visual search outcomes. KEY WORDS: wilderness search and rescue, vision, visual search, foveal field, low prevalence effect
Identification of novel SHANK2 variants in two Chinese families via exome and RNA sequencing

Background SHANK2 encodes a postsynaptic scaffolding protein involved in synapse formation, stabilization and homeostasis. Variations or microdeletions in the SHANK2 gene have been linked to a variety of neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and mild to moderate intellectual disability (ID) in human. However, the number of reported cases with SHANK2 defects remains limited, with only 14 unrelated patients documented worldwide. Methods In this study, we investigated four patients from three families with ID. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed to explore the genetic causes, while Sanger sequencing was used to confirm the identified variants. Furthermore, RNA sequencing and functional enrichment analysis were performed on patients with likely pathogenic variants to gain further insights into the molecular landscape associated with these variants. Results Two novel variants in the SHANK2 gene: a heterozygous splicing substitution (NM_012309.5:c.2198-1G>A p.Pro734Glyfs*22) in Family 1, and a heterozygous nonsense variant [NM_012309. 5:c.2310dupT p.(Lys771*)] in Family 2 were identified by WES and confirmed by Sanger sequencing. RNA sequencing and cohort analysis identified a total of 1,196 genes exhibiting aberrant expression in three patients. Functional enrichment analysis revealed the involvement of these genes in protein binding and synaptic functions. Conclusion We identified two novel loss of function variants that broadens the spectrum of SHANK2 variants. Furthermore, this study enhances our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying SHANK2-related disorders.
LATE CAMBRIAN ACRITARCHS FROM THE SANTA ROSITA FORMATION: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE CAMBRIAN-ORDOVICIAN BOUNDARY IN THE EASTERN CORDILLERA, NORTHWEST ARGENTINA

Marine phytoplankton from the Late Cambrian are described for the first time in the Eastern Cordillera of northwest Argentina. The acritarch assemblage was recovered from an offshore lower mudstone unit towards the base of the Casa Colorada Member (Santa Rosita Formation) in the Quebrada de Moya section, Jujuy Province. The presence of Vulcanisphaera africana, Saharidia fragilis, Granomarginata squamacea and Celtiberium sp. 1, together with the absence of Tremadocian acritarch species and the scarcity and low diversity of diacrodian acritarchs suggest an age not younger than Late Cambrian for this acritarch assemblage. This age assignment is also supported by stratigraphic information and regional correlations.
Recent Advances in Immune-Mediated Cerebellar Ataxias: Pathogenesis, Diagnostic Approaches, Therapies, and Future Challenges—Editorial

The clinical category of immune-mediated cerebellar ataxias (IMCAs) has been established after 3 decades of clinical and experimental research. The cerebellum is particularly enriched in antigens (ion channels and related proteins, synaptic adhesion/organizing proteins, transmitter receptors, glial cells) and is vulnerable to immune attacks. IMCAs include various disorders, including gluten ataxia (GA), post-infectious cerebellitis (PIC), Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS), paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration (PCD), opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome (OMS), and anti-GAD ataxia. Other disorders such as multiple sclerosis (MS), acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), Behçet disease, and collagen vascular disorders may also present with cerebellar symptoms when lesions are localized to cerebellar pathways. The triggers of autoimmunity are established in GA (gluten sensitivity), PIC and MFS (infections), PCD (malignancy), and OMS (infections or malignant tumors). Patients whose clinical profiles do not match those of classic types of IMCAs are now included in the spectrum of primary autoimmune cerebellar ataxia (PACA). Recent remarkable progress has clarified various characteristics of these etiologies and therapeutic strategies in terms of immunotherapies. However, it still remains to be elucidated as to how immune tolerance is broken, leading to autoimmune insults of the cerebellum, and the consecutive sequence of events occurring during cerebellar damage caused by antibody- or cell-mediated mechanisms. Antibodies may specifically target the cerebellar circuitry and impair synaptic mechanisms (synaptopathies). The present Special Issue aims to illuminate what is solved and what is unsolved in clinical practice and the pathophysiology of IMCAs. Immune ataxias now represent a genuine category of immune insults to the central nervous system (CNS).
Circulation in the Alboran Sea as Determined by Quasi-Synoptic Hydrographic Observations. Part I: Three-Dimensional Structure of the Two Anticyclonic Gyres

Abstract The circulation and dynamics of the Modified Atlantic Water have been studied using data from an intensive field experiment carried out between 22 September and 7 October 1992. Data included 134 CTD casts, ADCP, and satellite imagery. A well-defined wavelike front was observed with two significant anticyclonic gyres in the western and eastern Alboran Sea. Smaller-scale cyclonic eddies were also observed. The front separates the more saline, older modified Atlantic water (S>38) in the northern region from the fresher, more recent modified Atlantic water (S<36.8) in the south. The associated baroclinic jet had a mean transport of 1 Sv and maximum geostrophic velocities of 1.0 ms−1. The three-dimensional structure and spatial scales of both gyres were similar, that is, 90 km long and 220 m deep. In the eastern Alboran, northeast of Oran, the origin of the Algerian Current was also detected with an eastward transport of 1.8 Sv. The general picture can be presented as a structure formed by a wavelike .
Photoelectronic synaptic transistor with tunable plasticity for neuromorphic computing system

Neuromorphic computing system inspired by the human brain has the capability of breaking through the von Neumann bottleneck, which can improve the efficiency of data processing. To deploy efficient neuromorphic systems, the development of synaptic devices is imperative. However, achieving tunable synaptic behaviors in a single transistor remains challenging. In this work, a silicon nanowire-based photoelectronic synaptic transistor is developed to achieve tunable synaptic behaviors. Using the floating-body effect and a cylindrical surrounding double-gate (CSDG) structure, we simulated excitatory and inhibitory synaptic plasticity in a single device. Additionally, our device also simulated various synaptic characteristics by modulating the bias voltages and light pulses, such as excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic current (PSC), short-term potentiation (STP), short-term depression (STD), long-term potentiation (LTP), and forgetting behavior. This study provides an effective strategy for developing tunable photoelectronic synapses. Furthermore, Si processing compatibility also makes the synaptic device a promising contender for the implementation of neuromorphic computing.
Urban Boundary-Layer Stability and Turbulent Exchange during Consecutive Episodes of Particle Air Pollution in Beijing, China

Abstract Based on measurements at the Beijing 325-m Meteorological Tower, this study reports an analysis of atmospheric stability conditions and turbulent exchange during consecutive episodes of particle air pollution in Beijing (China), primarily due to haze and dust events (15–30 April 2012). Of particular interest were relevant vertical variations within the lower urban boundary layer (UBL). First, the haze and dust events were characterized by different atmospheric conditions, as quite low wind speed and high humidity are typically observed during haze events. In addition, for the description of stability conditions, the bulk Richardson number (RiB) was calculated for three different height intervals: 8–47, 47–140, and 140–280 m. The values of RiB indicated an apparent increase in the occurrence frequency of stably-stratified air layers in the upper height interval—for the 140–280-m height interval, positive values of RiB occurred for about 85% of the time. The downward turbulent exchange of sensible heat was observed at 280 m for the full diurnal cycle, which, by contrast, was rarely seen at 140 m during daytime. These results reinforce the importance of implementing high-resolution UBL profile observations and addressing issues related to stably-stratified flows.
Construction of Fishing Vessel Molding with A Case Study of Ship Objects for The Java South Sea Region

In the process of building fiberglass boats (FRP), mold or molding is needed to make the hull and superstructure. Molding can be made of several kinds of main constituent materials including steel, wood, aluminium, HDPE and others. The object of the case study was carried out by collecting data from existing ships at the South Coast of the Java Sea. Molding is the main means in the fabrication process for fiberglass boats. To find out how long the mold or molding can be used, a service life analysis is needed. In terms of current technology, the analysis method uses structural fatigue analysis or fatigue analysis. In the calculations, the design is carried out earlier by conducting modelling simulations. In the fatigue analysis of the molding structure, material data is required to be applied to the molding. This will provide input data at the preprocessing stage in the finite element method. Furthermore, if the lifetime results are known at the age of the mold, then it can be continued with making the fishing boat molding product. So that later it can provide an illustration for shipbuilders that the time or age of the mold can be used for the time that has been designed.
Influence of water controlling and straw application on CH_4 and N_2O emissions from rice field.

In June to October of the year 2000, a field experiment was carried out in the county of Jiangning near NanjingMainly, the influence of different application (0, 2.25, 4.5t/hm2) of organic matter (wheat straw) on CH4 and N2O emissions from rice field was studied under the conditions of conventional irrigation and permanent flooding inrice-growing season. Under permanent flooding condition CH4 emissions were positively related to straw application, and N2O emissions were negatively related to straw application. Under the application of 2.25t/hm2, N2O emissions from the plots with drainage events were not different significantly from the control; but under the application of 4.5t/hm2, it was only about 13% of the control or that with 2.25t/hm2 straw application. Considering integratedly the total global warming potential (GWP) of CH4 and N2O emissions in rice-growing season, under the condition of increasing the organic matter application (such as that of 4.5t/hm2) the GWP of drainage was only 60% of that of permanent flooding; thus, it was an effective strategy for mitigation of CH4 and N2O greenhouse effect of rice field.
Myocardial infarct size for predicting improvements in cardiac function in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy following coronary artery bypass grafting

Background This study used late gadolinium enhancement-cardiac magnetic resonance (LGE-CMR) to assess myocardial infarct size, with the data being employed to predict whether patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) would experience improvements in left ventricular function at 6 months following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Methods The data of patients with ICM with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤40% who underwent CABG were retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent preoperative LGE-CMR imaging. Echocardiography results from 6 months post-CABG were used to assess improvements in LVEF, with improvement being defined as ΔLVEF ≥5%. The value of myocardial infarction segments and infarct size as predictors of improved cardiac function following CABG was analyzed. Results Of the included patients, 66.7% (52/78) exhibited improved cardiac function at 6 months post-CABG. LGE-CMR imaging data revealed that compared to improved group, the improved group had significantly more myocardial infarct segments [improved group: median 1.0, interquartile range (IQR) 0–3; nonimproved group: median 4.0, IQR 3.0–6.0; P<0.001] and significantly greater myocardial infarct size (improved group: 22.4%±8.2%; nonimproved group: 34.7%±5.9%; P<0.001). The area under the receive operating characteristic curve values for myocardial infarct size in predicting cardiac function improvement were significantly higher than those of myocardial infarct segments (0.88 vs. 0.81; P=0.041). The respective sensitivity and specificity values for using a myocardial infarct size cutoff of 26.4% in differentiating between these 2 patient groups were 92.3% and 71.2%, respectively. According to logistic regression analysis, myocardial infarct size was an independent predictor of nonimprovement in cardiac function [odds ratio (OR) =1.244; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.114–1.389; P<0.001]. A median 1.6-year follow-up interval (range, 0.5–4.1 years) revealed that the incidences of major adverse cerebrovascular events and cardiovascular events were significantly higher in the nonimproved group (5.8% vs. 26.9%; P<0.001), with these individuals having a higher New York Heart Association grading than patients with improved cardiac function (P=0.019). Conclusions Myocardial infarct size can be measured to reliably predict improvements in cardiac function in patients with ICM following CABG. These results can guide clinicians in their efforts to identify those patients most likely to achieve positive outcomes following CABG.
COSMOS: Coordinated Management of Cores, Memory, and Compressed Memory Swap for QoS-Aware and Efficient Workload Consolidation for Memory-Intensive Applications

With the rapid growth in memory demands, the slowdown of DRAM scaling, and the DRAM price fluctuations, DRAM has become one of the critical resources in cloud computing systems and datacenters. The compressed memory swap (CMS) is a promising technique that improves the effective memory capacity of the underlying computer system by compressing and storing a subset of pages in memory instead of the disk swap. While prior works have extensively investigated resource management techniques for workload consolidation, they lack the capability of dynamically allocating cores, memory, and CMS to the consolidated applications in a controlled and efficient manner. To bridge this gap, this work presents the in-depth characterization of the impact of cores, memory, and CMS on the QoS and throughput of the consolidated latency-critical (LC) and batch applications. Guided by the characterization results, we propose COSMOS, a software-based runtime system for coordinated management of cores, memory, and CMS for QoS-aware and efficient workload consolidation for memory-intensive applications. COSMOS dynamically collects the runtime data from the consolidated applications and the underlying system and allocates the resources to the consolidated applications in a way that achieves high throughput with strong QoS guarantees. Our quantitative evaluation based on a real system and widely-used memory-intensive benchmarks demonstrates the effectiveness of COSMOS in that it robustly satisfies the QoS and achieves high throughput across all the evaluated workload mixes and scenarios and significantly reduces the number of explored system states.
Review: Issues and Challenges of Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) Technology in Autonomous Robot

To aid in robot navigation and environment analysis, visual SLAM systems process visual data. Things like AMRs (autonomous mobile robots) and AGVs (autonomous guided vehicles) have been gaining popularity in recent years. These robots depend significantly on simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) technology to keep the factory floor free of accidents. vSLAM employs a technique for estimating the precise positioning and orientation of a sensor relative to its environment as well as the navigation of the region around it. SLAM algorithms can be used in various applications, including self-driving vehicles, mobile robots, drones, etc. Visual SLAM does not refer to a particular set of methods or software. This paper proposes to review some of the issues and challenges facing SLAM technology in autonomous robot applications and draw a conclusion.