Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PARAMETRIZING ELLIPTIC CURVES BY MODULAR UNITS

It is well known that every elliptic curve over the rationals admits a parametrization by means of modular functions. In this short note, we show that only finitely many elliptic curves over $\mathbf{Q}$ can be parametrized by modular units. This answers a question raised by W. Zudilin in a recent work on Mahler measures. Further, we give the list of all elliptic curves $E$ of conductor up to 1000 parametrized by modular units supported in the rational torsion subgroup of $E$. Finally, we raise several open questions.
Improved operational lifetime of semiconducting polymer lasers by encapsulation

We report polymer distributed feedback lasers with dramatically extended operational lifetimes by using a simple encapsulation process. The lasers are configured as surface emitting, two-dimensional distributed feedback lasers based on the polymer poly[2-methoxy-5-(2′-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene]. The microstructure is transferred to the polymer surface through solvent assisted micromolding. Once encapsulated, a 2500-fold improvement in lifetime is demonstrated under ambient conditions, compared to the unencapsulated device. A blueshift of the emission wavelength observed during operation is characterized by absorption and ellipsometry measurements and attributed to a change in effective index due to a loss of conjugation in the polymer.
Remote learning for students with a disability: Game changer or moment in time? Literature Review

This literature review draws from Australian and international research into the impact of remote learning for students with disability, published between March 2020 and April 2022. The literature relates to pedagogical services provided by early childhood services and schools to support students with disability, rather than therapeutic services. The social implications for students are reviewed along with educational factors, and implications for inclusion and support by schools. Following an overview of the legal and policy frameworks supporting the education of students with disability, this review investigates benefits, challenges and opportunities for both remote learning and transition back to in-person educational settings for students and their families. The themes emerging include flexible approaches to learning, connectedness and wellbeing.
NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF CERTAIN BEE BREAD TYPES AND THEIR EFFECTS ON HONEY BEE WORKERS

: The nutritional value of certain bee bread types from monofloral sources was evaluated on honey bee workers under laboratory conditions, by determining the bee bread consumption and development degree of hypopharyngeal glands. The greatest rate of consumed food was recorded during the first six days (c. 79.7%), specially the first three days (c. 44.7%) from total consumption. The cumulative bee bread consumptions by bees during feeding period were 60.7, 58.7, 58.0, 57.1, 56.6, 51.6 and 50.6 mg/bee/21 days for caper, broad bean fennel, maize, Egyptian clover, canola and coriander bee bread, respectively. The highest degree of glands development was recorded in bees fed on canola (3.6) or broad bean bee bread (3.56), whereas the lowest score was obtained in bees fed on fennel bee bread. According to results the bee bread types could be classified into three categories depending on their nutritional values in relation to hypopharyngeal glands development as follows: the first group (most effective), the gland degree was more than 3.5, included canola and broad bean bee bread. The second category (considerably effective) ranged from 3 to 3.5, included Egyptian clover. Mean-while, the third one (slightly effective) included maize, caper, coriander, and fennel bee bread. coriander or fennel, needs to provide nutritional supplement sources to enrich their diets, to establish health colonies and good production.
Path-based Iterative Reconstruction (PBIR) for X-ray Computed Tomography

Model-based iterative reconstruction (MBIR) techniques have demonstrated many advantages in X-ray CT image reconstruction. The MBIR approach is often modeled as a convex optimization problem including a data fitting function and a penalty function. The tuning parameter value that regulates the strength of the penalty function is critical for achieving good reconstruction results but difficult to choose. In this work, we describe two path seeking algorithms that are capable of efficiently generating a series of MBIR images with different strengths of the penalty function. The root-mean-squared-differences of the proposed path seeking algorithms are below 4 HU throughout the entire reconstruction path. With the efficient path seeking algorithm, we suggest a path-based iterative reconstruction (PBIR) to obtain complete information from the scanned data and reconstruction model.
Reduction of angular divergence of laser-driven ion beams during their acceleration and transport

Laser plasma physics is a field of big interest because of its implications in basic science, fast ignition, medicine (i.e. hadrontherapy), astrophysics, material science, particle acceleration etc. 100-MeV class protons accelerated from the interaction of a short laser pulse with a thin target have been demonstrated. With continuing development of laser technology, greater and greater energies are expected, therefore projects focusing on various applications are being formed, e.g. ELIMAIA (ELI Multidisciplinary Applications of laser-Ion Acceleration). One of the main characteristic and crucial disadvantage of ion beams accelerated by ultra-short intense laser pulses is their large divergence, not suitable for the most of applications. In this paper two ways how to decrease beam divergence are proposed. Firstly, impact of different design of targets on beam divergence is studied by using 2D Particlein-cell simulations (PIC). Namely, various types of targets include at foils, curved foil and foils with diverse microstructures. Obtained results show that well-designed microstructures, i.e. a hole in the center of the target, can produce proton beam with the lowest divergence. Moreover, the particle beam accelerated from a curved foil has lower divergence compared to the beam from a flat foil. Secondly, another proposed method for the divergence reduction is using of a magnetic solenoid. The trajectories of the laser accelerated particles passing through the solenoid are modeled in a simple Matlab program. Results from PIC simulations are used as input in the program. The divergence is controlled by optimizing the magnetic field inside the solenoid and installing an aperture in front of the device.
Body–Product Relationship for Aging Women Examined Through the Lens of Functional Anthropometry

The purpose of this research was to understand how measurements of the aging body change in the seated and standing positions. An integrated approach was taken to select the appropriate 3D scanning technology, develop a landmarking method, and position the body to analyze the waist–hip–thigh region. Each part of the method was developed to enable an in-depth analysis of circumference measurements and shape change, including the expansion and contraction of body shape across different postures. New 3D scanning methods to quantify diverse bodies can improve product fit and create inclusive, quality design for all.
Predicting probabilities for the 2010 FIFA World Cup games using a Poisson-Gamma model

In this paper, we provide probabilistic predictions for soccer games of the 2010 FIFA World Cup modelling the number of goals scored in a game by each team. We use a Poisson distribution for the number of goals for each team in a game, where the scoring rate is considered unknown. We use a Gamma distribution for the scoring rate and the Gamma parameters are chosen using historical data and difference among teams defined by a strength factor for each team. The strength factor is a measure of discrimination among the national teams obtained from their memberships to fuzzy clusters. The clusters are obtained with the use of the Fuzzy C-means algorithm applied to a vector of variables, most of them available on the official FIFA website. Static and dynamic models were used to predict the World Cup outcomes and the performance of our predictions was evaluated using two comparison methods.
Inelastic light scattering to probe strongly correlated bosons in optical lattices

We have used inelastic light scattering to study correlated phases of an array of one-dimensional interacting Bose gases. In the linear response regime, the observed spectra are proportional to the dynamic structure factor. In particular we have investigated the superfluid to Mott insulator crossover loading the one-dimensional gases in an optical lattice and monitoring the appearance of an energy gap due to finite particle-hole excitation energy. We attribute the low frequency side of the spectra to the presence of some superfluid and normal phase fraction between the Mott insulator regions with different fillings produced in the inhomogeneous systems. In the Mott phase we also investigated excitations to higher excited bands of the optical lattice, the spectra obtained in this case being connected to the single particle spectral function. In one-dimensional systems the effect of thermal fluctuations and interactions is enhanced by the reduced dimensionality showing up in the dynamic structure factor. We measured the dynamic structure factor of an array of one-dimensional bosonic gases pointing out the effect of temperature-induced phase fluctuations in reducing the coherence length of the system.
The complete unitary dual of non-compact Lie superalgebra su(p,q|m) via the generalised oscillator formalism, and non-compact Young diagrams

We study the unitary representations of the non-compact real forms of the complex Lie superalgebra sl(n|m). Among them, only the real form su(p,q|m) (p+q=n) admits nontrivial unitary representations, and all such representations are of the highest-weight type (or the lowest-weight type). We extend the standard oscillator construction of the unitary representations of non-compact Lie superalgebras over standard Fock spaces to generalised Fock spaces which allows us to define the action of oscillator determinants raised to non-integer powers. We prove that the proposed construction yields all the unitary representations including those with continuous labels. The unitary representations can be diagrammatically represented by non-compact Young diagrams. We apply our general results to the physically important case of four-dimensional conformal superalgebra su(2,2|4) and show how it yields readily its unitary representations including those corresponding to supermultiplets of conformal fields with continuous (anomalous) scaling dimensions.
Climate and the biotic community structure plant resistance across biogeographic groups of yellow monkeyflower

Abstract Characterizing correlates of phytochemical resistance trait variation across a landscape can provide insight into the ecological factors that have shaped the evolution of resistance arsenals. Using field‐collected data and a greenhouse common garden experiment, we assessed the relative influences of abiotic and biotic drivers of genetic‐based defense trait variation across 41 yellow monkeyflower populations from western and eastern North America and the United Kingdom. Populations experience different climates, herbivore communities, and neighboring vegetative communities, and have distinct phytochemical resistance arsenals. Similarities in climate as well as herbivore and vegetative communities decline with increasing physical distance separating populations, and phytochemical resistance arsenal composition shows a similarly decreasing trend. Of the abiotic and biotic factors examined, temperature and the neighboring vegetation community had the strongest relative effects on resistance arsenal differentiation, whereas herbivore community composition and precipitation have relatively small effects. Rather than simply controlling for geographic proximity, we jointly assessed the relative strengths of both geographic and ecological variables on phytochemical arsenal compositional dissimilarity. Overall, our results illustrate how abiotic conditions and biotic interactions shape plant defense traits in natural populations.
Killing horizons and spinors

We study the near horizon geometry of generic Killing horizons constructing suitable coordinates and taking the appropriate scaling limit. We are able to show that the geometry will always show an enhancement of symmetries, and, in the extremal case, will develop a causally disconnected "throat" as expected. We analyze the implications of this to the Kerr/CFT conjecture and the attractor mechanism. We are also able to construct a set of special (pure) spinors associated with the horizon structure using their interpretation as maximally isotropic planes. The structure generalizes the usual reduced holonomy manifold in an interesting way and may be fruitful to the search of new types of compactification backgrounds.
Duality transformation and conformal equivalent scalar–tensor theories

We deal with the duality symmetry of the dilaton field in cosmology and specifically with the so-called Gasperini–Veneziano duality transformation. In particular, we determine two conformal equivalent theories to the dilaton field, and we show that under conformal transformations Gasperini–Veneziano duality symmetry does not survive. Moreover, we show that those theories share a common conservation law, of Noetherian kind, while the symmetry vector which generates the conservation law is an isometry only for the dilaton field. Finally, we show that the Lagrangian of the dilaton field is equivalent with the two-dimensional “hyperbolic oscillator” in a Lorentzian space whose O(d, d) invariance is transformed into the Gasperini–Veneziano duality invariance in the original coordinates.
Supersymmetric Semisimple Cardy-Frobenius Algebras

Cardy-Frobenius algebra is the algebraic structure on the space of states in open-closed topological field theory. We prove that every semisimple super Cardy-Frobenius algebras is the direct sum of the super Cardy-Frobenius algebras of three simple types. We also apply our results to singularity theory via Landau-Ginzburg models and matrix factorizations.
Experimental–analytical investigation of super- to subcritical flow transition without a hydraulic jump

An experimental–analytical investigation was performed to explore whether a hydraulic jump in a transition from super- to subcritical flow regime can be avoided. As the free-surface profile passes the critical depth, the transitional point is a singular point. A transition structure was designed based on the energy principle and the singular point theory to gradually increase the flow depth, thereby eliminating the hydraulic jump. This profile was designed for approach flow Froude numbers between 1.5 and 7. To validate the analytical model, a comprehensive experimental study was conducted. Six hydraulic models of transition structures were experimentally investigated on the basis of the theoretical approach. The analytical results agreed well with the experimental results and those of former investigations. Observations indicated that the hydraulic jump is absent for a certain range of the Froude numbers.
Co-axial monodromy

For Riemannian metrics of constant positive curvature on a punctured sphere with conic singularities at the punctures and co-axial monodromy of the developing map, possible angles at the singularities are completely described. This completes the recent result of Mondello and Panov. The related problem of describing possible multiplicities of critical points of logarithmic potentials of finitely many charges is also solved.
Convergent Regular Splittings for Singular M-Matrices

A classic theorem of numerical linear algebra (Varga’s Theorem) says that any regular splitting of an M-matrix, A, is convergent. However when A is a singular M-matrix, such as might arise in queuing networks, this general theorem needs some modification. We define a class of block splittings, called R-regular splittings, and show that any R-regular splitting is convergent. Furthermore, given a block splitting like block Gauss-Seidel but not quite as special, we show how to tinker slightly to make the splitting convergent. We show also that some natural splittings require no tinkering at all. In an algorithmic context, our results indicate how to choose and order the blocks in a block iterative method for solving a singular M-matrix system of linear equations so as to insure convergence of the method.
Constant step stochastic approximations involving differential inclusions: stability, long-run convergence and applications

ABSTRACT We consider a Markov chain whose kernel is indexed by a scaling parameter , referred to as the step size. The aim is to analyze the behaviour of the Markov chain in the doubly asymptotic regime where then . First, under mild assumptions on the so-called drift of the Markov chain, we show that the interpolated process converges narrowly to the solutions of a Differential Inclusion (DI) involving an upper semicontinuous set-valued map with closed and convex values. Second, we provide verifiable conditions which ensure the stability of the iterates. Third, by putting the above results together, we establish the long run convergence of the iterates as , to the Birkhoff center of the DI. The ergodic behaviour of the iterates is also provided. Application examples are investigated. We apply our findings to (1) the problem of nonconvex proximal stochastic optimization and (2) a fluid model of parallel queues.
$L^2(H^1_\gamma)$ Finite Element Convergence for Degenerate Isotropic Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman Equations

In this paper we study the convergence of monotone $P1$ finite element methods for fully nonlinear Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equations with degenerate, isotropic diffusions. The main result is strong convergence of the numerical solutions in a weighted Sobolev space $L^2(H^1_\gamma(\Omega))$ to the viscosity solution without assuming uniform parabolicity of the HJB operator.
On shimura’s isomorphism and (Γ, G)-bundles on the upper-half plane

For a compact real form $U$ of a complex simple Lie group $G$, and an irreducible representation $\rho:\Gamma \to U$ of a Fuchsian group of the first kind $\Gamma$, it is shown that the classical isomorphism of Shimura, for the periods of a cusp form of weight 2 with values in $\mathfrak{g}$ and the representation $\textrm{Ad}\rho:\Gamma\to\textrm{Aut}\mathfrak{g}$, can be interpreted as the differential at a point of the zero section, for a natural map from the cotangent bundle of the moduli space of certain $(\Gamma, G)$-bundles over $\mathbb{H}$ (in the sense of Seshadri) to an open set in the smooth locus of the character variety $\textrm{Hom}_{\mathbf{t}}(\Gamma,G)/PG$. Emphasis is put on analytic techniques.
READINESS ASSESSMENT OF PUBLIC UNIVERSITY IN BANGLADESH FOR EDUCATION 4.0: A CASE STUDY OF SHAHJALAL UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY – SYLHET, BANGLADESH

In order to get the benefits of Industry 4.0 (4ir) we need the graduates who are able to face the challenges of 4ir. As the universities are the main sources of producing graduates, they should produce adaptable graduates of 4ir. The 4ir demands such a system of higher education where each and every stakeholders especially educators and learners should be connected in a globalized automated environment, networked, virtualized and flexible. In the paradigm of 4ir learners should learn to learn the sources of learning how to build knowledge and skills within the process of teaching –learning. The study aims to identify the dimensions of E4.0 corresponding to 4ir and to assess the readiness of Shahjalal University of Science and Technology (SUST) is one of 50 public universities of Bangladesh. At present there are 28 disciplines in six schools of studies in SUST and among them 20 departments have been selected for the study based on minimum 10 years of establishment. The assessment has been focused on four aspects mainly curriculum, teacher (faculty), intuitional qualification and logistic supports in terms of E4.0. In conducting the study data from collected 120 teachers and graduate students with a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire was five point scales. The collected data was analyzed with SPSS and mainly frequency in each dimension was found and finally factor analysis was done to find the factors affecting E4.0. The frequency distribution showed that Robotic Process Automation aspects ranked first following cloud computing, data analytics, IoT, AI, and BCT. The factor analysis showed that seventeen aspects have been considered as important and the top most five aspects are fees and rewards, data as a service, software as a service, AI extraction and user device.
Wavefront deformations in excitable media: chemical lenses and ripples

We investigate experimentally the light sensitive Belousov-Zhabotinskii reaction in a silica gel. We focus on two ways of deforming wavefront curvature. In the first one, deformation is imposed by projecting a light spot on the medium rendering refractive phenomena analogous to traditional glass lenses in linear optics. Cellular automata simulations of these ‘chemical lenses’ are in agreement with experiments. The second type of deformation is not imposed on the system but spontaneous; it is due to an instability which is not yet completely understood and which modulates aperiodically the curvature of the wavefronts, causing ‘ripples’.
Willingness to pay for water in secondary cities: do poverty and negative experiences matter?

ABSTRACT This study explores poverty dimensions and negative experiences of households living in secondary cities of Kenya with the aim of understanding the determinants of the willingness to pay to access water services. Our findings suggest that negative experiences of households related to poor access to water, like water crises, water borne diseases, and daily time to fetch water, seem to play an important role. Conversely, poverty dimensions are not necessarily influential. More specifically, while daily income of the household is an important factor, other variables, namely, education, food shortages, and access to information do not have significant effects. Our evidence suggests that to raise the awareness of this public good’s value, local governments should focus on improving citizens’ information especially in poor areas, as well as the ability to pay.
THE OBSERVATION OF GRAVITATIONAL WAVES FROM SPACE USING LISA

The observation of gravitational waves using space-borne instrumentation allows the detection of astrophysical sources in a much longer wavelength part of the spectrum than ground-based instruments can reach. This opens up the prospect of a completely different view of the Universe than can be achieved in any other way. This article summarises the scientific goals of the LISA mission in its search for sources within the 10-4 to 10-1 Hz window and describes the current status of the overall project.