Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development and validation of an MRI-based nomogram for the preoperative prediction of tumor mutational burden in lower-grade gliomas.

Background High tumor mutational burden (TMB) is an emerging biomarker of sensitivity to immune checkpoint inhibitors. In this study, we aimed to determine the value of magnetic resonance (MR)-based preoperative nomogram in predicting TMB status in lower-grade glioma (LGG) patients. Methods Overall survival (OS) data were derived from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and then analyzed by using the Kaplan-Meier method and time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (tdROC) analysis. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data of 168 subjects obtained from The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA) were retrospectively analyzed. The correlation was explored by univariate and multivariate regression analyses. Finally, we performed tenfold cross validation. TMB values were retrieved from the supplementary information of a previously published article. Results The high TMB subtype was associated with the shortest median OS (high vs. low: 50.9 vs. 95.6 months, P<0.05). The tdROC for the high-TMB tumors was 74% (95% CI: 61-86%) for survival at 12 months, and 71% (95% CI: 60-82%) for survival at 24 months. Multivariate logistic regression analysis confirmed that three risk factors [extranodular growth: odds ratio (OR): 8.367, 95% CI: 3.153-22.199, P<0.01; length-width ratio ≥ median: OR: 1.947, 95% CI: 1.025-3.697, P<0.05; frontal lobe: OR: 0.455, 95% CI: 0.229-0.903, P<0.05] were significant independent predictors of high-TMB tumors. The nomogram showed good calibration and discrimination. This model had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.736 (95% CI: 0.655-0.817). Decision curve analysis (DCA) demonstrated that the nomogram was clinically useful. The average accuracy of the tenfold cross validation was 71.6% for high-TMB tumors. Conclusions Our results indicated that a distinct OS disadvantage was associated with the high TMB group. In addition, extranodular growth, nonfrontal lobe tumors and length-width ratio ≥ median can be conveniently used to facilitate the prediction of high-TMB tumors.
A meta‐analysis of prospective cohort studies of flavonoid subclasses and stroke risk

Epidemiological studies indicate that higher intakes of flavonoids are associated with reduced stroke risk, however, which subtypes play significant roles to protect against stroke remain unclear. A systematic literature search in PubMed and Web of Science databases was performed up to Oct. 2021. Flavonoids or their subtypes (flavanol, flavanone, flavone, flavan‐3‐ol, isoflavone, or anthocyanin) were paired with stoke as the search term. Multivariate‐adjusted relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the highest versus the lowest category were pooled by using a random‐effects model. Dose–response analysis was implemented by using a restricted cubic spline regression model. Ten independent prospective cohort studies with 387,076 participants and 9,564 events were included. Higher intakes of flavanones were inversely associated with stroke risk (RR = 0.85; 95%CI: 0.78, 0.93). Dose–response analysis showed that 50 mg/day increment of flavanones was associated with 11% reduction in stroke risk (RR = 0.89; 95%CI: 0.84, 0.94). Flavan‐3‐ols was marginally inversely associated with stroke risk (RR = 0.92; 95%CI: 0.82, 1.02). Dose–response analysis showed that 200 mg/day increment of flavan‐3‐ols was associated with 14% reduction in stroke risk (RR = 0.86; 95%CI: 0.75, 0.98). The non‐significant association was observed with respect to other flavonoid subclasses. This study demonstrated higher intakes of flavanones and flavan‐3‐ols were associated with a lower risk of stroke. Dietary intakes of lemon and citrus rich in flavanones and flavan‐3‐ols might have beneficial functions for the protection against stroke. The findings of these associations of the present study need to be confirmed in other regions and ethnic origins.
PANAKO 2.0 - UPDATES FOR AN ACOUSTIC FINGERPRINTING SYSTEM

This work presents updates to Panako, an acoustic ﬁnger-printing system that was introduced at ISMIR 2014. The notable feature of Panako is that it matches queries even after a speedup, time-stretch or pitch-shift. It is freely available and has no problems indexing and querying 100k sea shanties. The updates presented here improve query performance signiﬁcantly and allow a wider range of time-stretch, pitch-shift and speed-up factors: e.g. the top 1 true positive rate for 20s query that were sped up by 10 percent increased from 18% to 83% from the 2014 version of Panako to the new version. The aim of this short write-up is to reintroduce Panako, evaluate the improvements and highlight two techniques with wider applicability. The ﬁrst of the two techniques is the use of a constant-Q non-stationary Gabor transform: a fast, reversible, ﬁne-grained spectral transform which can be used as a front-end for many MIR tasks. The second is how near-exact hashing is used in combination with a persistent B-Tree to allow some margin of error while maintaining reasonable query speeds.
The development of an 8 × 8 optical switch

Abstract In this paper, a novel 8×8 optical switch, which consists of a MEMS‐based silicon micro‐mirror array and a solenoid‐based bi‐stable mini‐actuator array, is presented. The silicon micro‐mirror array is realized by using a single‐step anisotropic silicon etching process. The anisotropic silicon etching technique is capable of fabricating the self‐aligned micro‐mirror array with high accuracy and high fabrication yield. The mini‐actuator array comprises 64 electromagnetic solenoid‐based bistable actuators integrated with pushing arms. Each micro‐mirror, which is connected to the substrate by a cantilever, can be individually actuated by a mini‐actuator. Because of the bi‐stability of the mini‐actuators, the power consumption of the system can be significantly reduced. When the pushing arm does not contact the cantilever, the micro‐mirror which is under zero external force can precisely reflect optical signals. When the pushing arm pushes up the micro‐mirror, the optical signal passes through under the mirror. The main advantages of this proposed switch include high precision, high fabrication yield, low actuation voltage, low cost, low power consumption, and easy fiber alignment. The optical performance and the dynamic response of the switch are also investigated. The measured insertion loss is about ‐2.2 ∼ ‐3.3 dB, cross‐talk is less than ‐60 dB, and the measured switching time is less than 12 ms.
Povezanost lucidnih snova, obrambenih mehanizama i psihickih tegoba

to the continuity hypothesis, significant positive associations of negative emotions, number of awakenings, induction techniques and frequency of lucid dreams with symptoms of psychopathology were found. Moreover, negative significant correlations between sleep quality, desire for a new lucid dream, positive emotions and intensity of lucid dreams with the examined symptoms were found, as well as different patterns of defense mechanisms with lucidity dimensions in dreams. The obtained results show that, in addition to the quality of sleep, the number of awakenings and the desire for a new lucid dream, emotionality and induction techniques are important determinants of the psychological well-being of lucid dreamers. This represents a significant shift in research and understanding of the multidimensionality of lucid dreaming so far.
External Exposure to BTEX, Internal Biomarker Response, and Health Risk Assessment of Nonoccupational Populations near a Coking Plant in Southwest China

Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene isomers (BTEX) have raised increasing concern due to their adverse effects on human health. In this study, a coking factory and four communities nearby were selected as the research area. Atmospheric BTEX samples were collected and determined by a preconcentrator GC–MS method. Four biomarkers in the morning urine samples of 174 participants from the communities were measured by LC–MS. The health risks of BTEX exposure via inhalation were estimated. This study aimed to investigate the influence of external BTEX exposure on the internal biomarker levels and quantitatively evaluate the health risk of populations near the coking industry. The results showed that the average total BTEX concentration in residential area was 7.17 ± 7.24 μg m−3. Trans,trans-muconic acid (T,T-MA) was the urinary biomarker with the greatest average level (127 ± 285 μg g−1 crt). Similar spatial trends can be observed between atmospheric benzene concentration and internal biomarker levels. The mean values of the LCR for male and female residents were 2.15 × 10−5 and 2.05 × 10−5, respectively. The results of the risk assessment indicated that special attention was required for the non-occupational residents around the area.
This is what I learned about the body on social media: PETE students’ experiences with body pressure and body positivity

ABSTRACT In physical education (PE), learning about and with the body is central. During their physical education teacher education (PETE) program, students are presented with different understandings and practices regarding the body. However, PETE students understanding of the body are also influenced by sites beyond formal schooling. One such site is social media. There is limited knowledge regarding PETE students and their reflections on how the body is presented on social media. Inspired by activist approaches to PE, this article focuses on third-year PETE students’ critical reflections about different presentations of the body on social media. The data material consists of the PETE students’ visual photos, transcribed text from group conversations, and reflection logs. Working with the visual as public pedagogy of the body, our goal has been to enable the PETE students to reflect and raise critical awareness about different presentations of the body on social media and discuss how this approach can be used in PE teaching. The analysis revealed two contrasting stories about the body on social media: body pressure, and body positivity. Our research makes visible the complexities and paradoxes of social media as public pedagogy, its impact on PETE students’ embodied experiences, and their reflections on how they can work with social media as future PE teachers.
Analysis of rotor asymmetry fault in three-phase line start permanent magnet synchronous motor

This article proposed a detection scheme for three-phase Line start permanent magnet synchronous motor (LSPMSM) under different levels of static eccentricity fault. Finite element method is used to simulate the healthy and faulty LSPMSM with different percentages of static eccentricity. An accurate laboratory test experiment is performed to evaluate the proposed index. Effects of loading condition on LSPMSM are also investigated. The fault related signatures in the stator current are identified and an effective index for LSPMSM is proposed. The simulation and experimental results indicate that the low frequency components are an effective index for detection of the static eccentricity in LSPMSM.
Environmental implications of onsite mechanization in the Malaysian construction industry

In Malaysia, there has been a growing need for mechanization in recent years due to the high construction demand under the Economic Transformation Programme. Onsite mechanization in construction implies the use of equipment and machinery that are powered by fossil fuels with the aim of reducing the dependency on manual labour and to increase productivity, quality and efficiency. However, this heavy equipment and machinery are also responsible for issues pertaining to environment, health and safety of human beings. All nonroad diesel engine machinery emits hazardous gases, particulate matters, solid waste and contaminate land, water and the environment. Prior research on environmental impacts of construction works was more focused on raw materials, its manufacturing and operational phase of the facility. Therefore, the aim of this research is to focus on environmental concerns that are important during construction and mainly due to the operation of onsite heavy construction equipment. Data for the analysis was collected through a questionnaire survey from Malaysian G7 class ‘A’ contractors. The results of the survey show that despite the good awareness of Malaysian contractors towards a green environment, their practices for controlling energy consumption and greenhouse gases (GHG) are still in their infancy stages. It was also found that environment management systems are not highly implemented by the contractors. The survey results further indicate that energy saving, GHG and black smoke emission are the top ranking concerns of contractors when operating onsite equipment and Environmental Impact II 147 www.witpress. com, ISSN 1743-3541 (on-line) WIT Transactions on Ecology and The Environment, Vol 181, © 2014 WIT Press doi:10.2495/EID140131 vehicles. The research findings will help to begin efforts for adopting a cleaner and green agenda for sustainable construction.
Westinghouse Small Modular Reactor balance of plant and supporting systems design

The Westinghouse Small Modular Reactor (SMR) is an 800 MWt (>225 MWe) integral pressurized water reactor (iPWR), in which all of the components typically associated with the nuclear steam supply system (NSSS) of a nuclear power plant are incorporated within a single reactor pressure vessel. This paper is the second in a series of four papers which describe the design and functionality of the Westinghouse SMR. It focuses, in particular, upon the supporting systems and the balance of plant (BOP) designs of the Westinghouse SMR. Several Westinghouse SMR systems are classified as safety, and are critical to the safe operation of the Westinghouse SMR. These include the protection and monitoring system (PMS), the passive core cooling system (PXS), and the spent fuel cooling system (SFS) including pools, valves, and piping. The Westinghouse SMR safety related systems include the instrumentation and controls (I and C) as well as redundant and physically separated safety trains with batteries, electrical systems, and switch gears. Several other incorporated systems are non-safety related, but provide functions for plant operations including defense-in-depth functions. These include the chemical volume control system (CVS), heating, ventilation and cooling (HVAC) systems, component cooling water system (CCS), normal residual heat removal systemmore » (RNS) and service water system (SWS). The integrated performance of the safety-related and non-safety related systems ensures the safe and efficient operation of the Westinghouse SMR through various conditions and transients. The turbine island consists of the turbine, electric generator, feedwater and steam systems, moisture separation systems, and the condensers. The BOP is designed to minimize assembly time, shipping challenges, and on-site testing requirements for all structures, systems, and components. (authors)« less
Handmaidens of the legislature? Understanding regulatory timing

Abstract When does legislation trigger regulation? The US Congress regularly passes laws that authorise government agencies to write legally binding regulations. Yet, when this occurs, agencies may take years to act – or, at times – may never act at all. We theorise that the breadth of the congressional statutory delegation drives the timing of agency policy production. In particular, when Congress expressly tells an agency to promulgate a rule, we expect agencies to do so quickly. Yet, when Congress provides greater policymaking discretion to agencies, we expect other factors – and especially, internal agency considerations – to drive regulatory timing. We use data from almost 350 statutes spanning four decades, which are then matched up with thousands of regulations, to assess the argument. Using innovative methods, we find support for our hypotheses. Overall, we produce a deeper understanding of the link between delegation and discretion: suggesting when it occurs, as well as, importantly, why.
Analysing Historical and Modelling Future Soil Temperature at Kuujjuaq, Quebec (Canada): Implications on Aviation Infrastructure

The impact of climate change on soil temperatures at Kuujjuaq, Quebec in northern Canada is assessed. First, long-term historical soil temperature records (1967–1995) are statistically analyzed to provide a climatological baseline for soils at 5 to 150 cm depths. Next, the nature of the relationship between atmospheric variables and soil temperature are determined using a statistical downscaling model (SDSM) and National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP), a climatological data set. SDSM was found to replicate historic soil temperatures well and used to project soil temperatures for the remainder of the century using climate model output Canadian Second Generation Earth System Model (CanESM2). Three Representative Concentration Pathway scenarios (RCP 2.6, 4.5 and 8.5) were used from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report (AR5). This study found that the soil temperature at this location may warm at 0.9 to 1.2 °C per decade at various depths. Annual soil temperatures at all depths are projected to rise to above 0 °C for the 1997–2026 period for all climate scenarios. The melting soil poses a hazard to the airport infrastructure and will require adaptation measures.
VISUALIZING MUSIC STRUCTURE USING SPOTIFY DATA

Understanding a song’s structure is crucial to a musician’s ability to learn and memorize a song. Discovering, explaining, and sharing structural patterns through visual representation is still done mostly by hand. We aim to help musicians by providing a tool capable of automatically generating a visualization that contains a clear and comprehensive overview of repetition and change of musical aspects such as harmony, timbre, tempo, and dynamics. Using abstracted audio-content data provided by Spotify, existing structure extraction strategies are combined and expanded upon. Six separate visualization modules are created to accommodate the user in understanding and navigating the music by its structure.
Helping hearing-impaired in emergency situations: A deep learning-based approach

Hearing-impaired people use sign language to express their thoughts and emotions and reinforce information delivered in daily conversations. Though they make a significant percentage of any population, the majority of people can’t interact with them due to limited or no knowledge of sign languages. Sign language recognition aims to detect the significant motions of the human body, especially hands, analyze them and understand them. Such systems may become life-saving when hearing-challenged people are in desperate situations like heart attacks, accidents, etc. In the present study, deep learning-based hand gesture recognition models are developed to accurately predict the emergency signs of Indian Sign Language (ISL). The dataset used contains the videos for eight different emergency situations. Several frames were extracted from the videos and are fed to three different models. Two models are designed for classification, while one is an object detection model, applied after annotating the frames. The first model consists of a three-dimensional convolutional neural network (3D CNN), while the second comprises of a pre-trained VGG-16 and a recurrent neural network with a long short-term memory (RNN-LSTM) scheme. The last model is based on YOLO (You Only Look Once) v5, an advanced object detection algorithm. The prediction accuracies of the classification models were 82% and 98%, respectively. YOLO based model outperformed the rest and achieved an impressive mean average precision of 99.6%.
Application of next generation sequencing in dual HIV infection studies

Introduction. The aim of the study was to use comparative analysis for assessing efficiency of detection and confirmation of dual HIV infection, using conventional population sequencing (PS) and next generation sequencing (NGS) for an HIV-1 pol gene fragment, which encompasses protease and partially reverse transcriptase (positions 2253–3368). Materials and methods. The study was performed on intersubtype dual HIV infection model samples containing viruses of HIV-1 subtype B, sub-subtype A6 and recombinant form CRF63_02A1. Viruses were mixed pairwise in proportions from 10 to 90% to obtain 3 groups of model samples: CRF63vsB, CRF63vsA6, and A6vsB. The nucleotide sequences obtained by using PS and NGS technologies having 5, 10, 15, and 20% sensitivity thresholds for minor virus variants (NGS5–NGS20, respectively) were used to estimate the number of degenerate nucleotides or the degenerate base (DB) count and the number of synonymous mutations (SM) or the SM count. The fragment of the studied region (positions 2725–2981) was used for the analysis of operational taxonomic units.Results. The application of NGS5 proved highly efficient for detection of dual HIV infection in the model samples. The statistically significant (p < 0.01) increase in DB and SM counts was demonstrated by NGS5 compared to PS. As a result, NGS5 helped detect dual HIV infection in 25 out of 27 model samples, while with PS it was detected only in 15 samples. The analysis of operational taxonomic units confirmed dual HIV infection in all the groups of model samples.Discussion. The efficiency of detection and confirmation of dual HIV infection depends both on the content of each virus in the sample and on genetic characteristics of these viruses. Conclusion. Using NGS genetic testing in routine practice will be instrumental for efficient identification of genetic characteristics of infectious agents and for thorough analysis of the epidemiological situation.
Detection of Atrial Septal Defect by Heart Sound Signal Analysis and its Relation with Tricuspid Failure

Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) takes an important place in pediatric heart diseases. In ASD there is an opening in the wall between left and right atriums. This study addresses three heart sound signals obtained from two patients by the implementation of time amplitude analysis. In the said examination, a murmur that developed due to fixed pairing at S2 and tricuspid failure was observed in diastole, and in addition, its significance in detecting the disease in the auscultation region was established.
Kalprotektiinitest: lihtne ja usaldusväärne võimalus soole limaskesta põletikuliste muutuste diagnoosimiseks

Kalprotektiin (calprotectin) on neutrofiilidest vabanev ensuum, mille hulga suurenemine valjaheites on soole limaskesta poletikuliste muutuste tunnuseks tundlikkuse ja spetsiifilisusega ule 80%. Kalprotektiini maaratakse laborites kvantitatiivsel kromatograafilisel ning ELISA meetodil. Kasutusel on ka kvantitatiivsed ning poolkvantitatiivsed kiirtestid. Mittespetsiifiliste seedetraktivaevustega patsientide hulgas on nii seedetrakti funktsioonihairetega patsiente kui ka raskete orgaaniliste haigustega patsiente. Kalprotektiinitest on sobiv mitteinvasiivne meetod, millega eristada vaevustega patsientidel seedetrakti funktsioonihaireid orgaanilisest haigusest. Valjaheite kalprotektiinitesti kasutatakse poletikulise soolehaiguse diagnoosimise algoritmi jargi enne koloskoopiale suunamist. Kalprotektiini hulga kasv valjaheites suurendab toenaosust diagnoosida poletikulist soolehaigust kolm korda, normaalsed vaartused aga vahendavad diagnoosi toenaosust kumme korda. Kalprotektiini testimine valjaheites on lisatud soolehaigusi kasitlevatesse Euroopa ravijuhenditesse, millest lahtutakse ka Eestis. Tulevikus vajab edasist arendamist kalprotektiini testimine perearstipraksistes. Eestis maaratakse kalprotektiini sisaldust suuremates laborites enamasti gastroenteroloogide ja pediaatrite tellimusel.Eesti Arst 2014; 93(9):514–519