Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interaction with the Assembly Chaperone Ump1 Promotes Incorporation of the β7 Subunit into Half-Proteasome Precursor Complexes Driving Their Dimerization

Biogenesis of the eukaryotic 20S proteasome core particle (PC) is a complex process assisted by specific chaperones absent from the active complex. The first identified chaperone, Ump1, was found in a precursor complex (PC) called 15S PC. Yeast cells lacking Ump1 display strong defects in the autocatalytic processing of β subunits, and consequently have lower proteolytic activity. Here, we dissect an important interaction of Ump1 with the β7 subunit that is critical for proteasome biogenesis. Functional domains of Ump1 and the interacting proteasome subunit β7 were mapped, and the functional consequences of their deletion or mutation were analyzed. Cells in which the first sixteen Ump1 residues were deleted display growth phenotypes similar to ump1∆, but massively accumulate 15S PC and distinct proteasome intermediate complexes containing the truncated protein. The viability of these cells depends on the transcription factor Rpn4. Remarkably, β7 subunit overexpression re-established viability in the absence of Rpn4. We show that an N-terminal domain of Ump1 and the propeptide of β7 promote direct interaction of the two polypeptides in vitro. This interaction is of critical importance for the recruitment of β7 precursor during proteasome assembly, a step that drives dimerization of 15S PCs and the formation of 20S CPs.
Limitations of assuming internal mixing between different aerosol species: a case study with sulfate geoengineering simulations

Abstract. Simulating the complex aerosol microphysical processes in a comprehensive Earth system model can be very computationally intensive; therefore many models utilize a modal approach, where aerosol size distributions are represented by observation-derived lognormal functions, and internal mixing between different aerosol species within an aerosol mode is often assumed. This approach has been shown to yield satisfactory results across a large array of applications, but there may be cases where the simplification in this approach may produce some shortcomings. In this work we show specific conditions under which the current approximations used in some modal approaches might yield incorrect answers. Using results from the Community Earth System Model v1 (CESM1) Geoengineering Large Ensemble (GLENS) project, we analyze the effects in the troposphere of a continuous increasing load of sulfate aerosols in the stratosphere, with the aim of counteracting the surface warming produced by non-mitigated increasing greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations between 2020–2100. We show that the simulated results pertaining to the evolution of sea salt and dust aerosols in the upper troposphere are not realistic due to internal mixing assumptions in the modal aerosol treatment, which in this case reduces the size, and thus the settling velocities, of those particles and ultimately changes their mixing ratio below the tropopause. The unnatural increase of these aerosol species affects, in turn, the simulation of upper tropospheric ice formation, resulting in an increase in ice clouds that is not due to any meaningful physical mechanisms. While we show that this does not significantly affect the overall results of the simulations, we point to some areas where results should be interpreted with care in modeling simulations using similar approximations: in particular, in the evolution of upper tropospheric clouds when large amounts of sulfate are present in the stratosphere, as after a large explosive volcanic eruption or in similar stratospheric aerosol injection cases. Finally, we suggest that this can be avoided if sulfate aerosols in the coarse mode, the predominant species in these situations, are treated separately from other aerosol species in the model.
Maladaptive music listening strategies are modulated by individual traits

Music listening is a great resource for mental well-being, pleasure, and self-regulation, but it may also be maladaptive. Depression, for instance, has been shown to relate to music use that is characterized by rumination, avoidance, and mood worsening. However, we know little of the role of individual differences in such maladaptive music use. Hence, this study focused on examining the role of personality, empathic traits, emotional contagion, and the types of musical reward as predictors of maladaptive music listening. Participants (N = 318) answered an online survey comprising measures for the abovementioned traits in addition to the Healthy-Unhealthy Music Scale (HUMS) as a measure of maladaptive music use. Results demonstrated that Unhealthy musical engagement was predicted by a variety of traits representing general negative emotionality (e.g., Neuroticism, Personal Distress, contagion for negative emotions). Structural equation modeling highlighted the importance of the empathic trait Personal Distress in mediating Unhealthy musical engagement. Finally, we deliberate if maladaptive strategies are indeed “maladaptive” for such individuals or merely a coping mechanism, which is indeed adaptive for them, aiding to combat depressive and anxious states thereby preventing them from “tipping over” into depression.
Urinary Metabolomic Changes Accompanying Albuminuria Remission following Gastric Bypass Surgery for Type 2 Diabetic Kidney Disease

In the Microvascular Outcomes after Metabolic Surgery randomised clinical trial (MOMS RCT, NCT01821508), combined metabolic surgery (gastric bypass) plus medical therapy (CSM) was superior to medical therapy alone (MTA) as a means of achieving albuminuria remission at 2-year follow-up in patients with obesity and early diabetic kidney disease (DKD). In the present study, we assessed the urinary 1H-NMR metabolome in a subgroup of patients from both arms of the MOMS RCT at baseline and 6-month follow-up. Whilst CSM and MTA both reduced the urinary excretion of sugars, CSM generated a distinctive urinary metabolomic profile characterised by increases in host–microbial co-metabolites (N-phenylacetylglycine, trimethylamine N-oxide, and 4-aminobutyrate (GABA)) and amino acids (arginine and glutamine). Furthermore, reductions in aromatic amino acids (phenylalanine and tyrosine), as well as branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and related catabolites (valine, leucine, 3-hydroxyisobutyrate, 3-hydroxyisovalerate, and 3-methyl-2-oxovalerate), were observed following CSM but not MTA. Improvements in BMI did not correlate with improvements in metabolic and renal indices following CSM. Conversely, urinary metabolites changed by CSM at 6 months were moderately to strongly correlated with improvements in blood pressure, glycaemia, triglycerides, and albuminuria up to 24 months following treatment initiation, highlighting the potential involvement of these shifts in the urinary metabolomic profile in the metabolic and renoprotective effects of CSM.
Demanda residencial por energia elétrica no Brasil (2004-2015)

O fornecimento de energia elétrica é um serviço indispensável para a economia. É uma condição básica para o desenvolvimento das atividades cotidianas dos agentes, tendo implicações sobre nível de bem-estar de uma sociedade. Sob esta perspectiva, este trabalho tem como objetivo estimar o impacto de variações de renda e preço sobre a demanda residencial por energia elétrica no Brasil durante o período 2004-2015. Para tanto, foram utilizados Vetores Autorregressivos (VAR) e testes de Cointegração para obter as elasticidades preço e renda. Os resultados evidenciam que, em média, os consumidores reagem positivamente a elevações de renda, enquanto variações positivas na tarifa do serviço de eletricidade e nos preços dos elétrodomésticos impactam negativamente o consumo residencial de eletricidade. Ademais, as estimativas sugerem uma demanda muito inelástica no Brasil. Alterações na renda e nos preços exercem um pequeno impacto sobre a quantidade consumida de energia elétrica. Estes resultados estão de acordo com estudos anteriores, o que revela a necessidade do desenvolvimento de políticas setoriais. Órgãos de regulação devem estabelecer políticas tarifárias ótimas, com o objetivo de oferecer um serviço mais eficiente e acessível aos cidadãos brasileiros.
Closing integrative gaps in complex environmental governance systems

Modern environmental problems pose unique management challenges as they are usually interdependent in myriad, complex ways. Climate change is the ultimate example of a problem that forces environmental managers to confront highly interdependent challenges, such as invasive species, rising temperatures, and habitat loss. Interdependencies abound: for example, the issue of warming winter temperatures exacerbates the issue of invasive species, and a high prevalence of invasive species contributes to the issue of habitat loss. Ideally, stakeholders should account for these issue interdependencies by managing connected issues. Such activities close "integrative gaps," which refer to instances in which interdependent issues are managed independently. By closing integrative gaps, actors align management activities with underlying ecological processes. We focus on climate change adaptation governance in Ohio, USA, as a model study system and evaluate conditions that enable integrative gap closure through analysis of a network of adaptation actors and issues. Our findings show that actors are more likely to close integrative gaps between issue pairs that are highly biophysically interdependent, receive higher collective levels of public attention, and have garnered higher levels of progress. We also find that regional-scoped, specialized, and non-profit actors are most likely to manage for environmental interdependencies. We discuss how these findings advance theoretical understanding of institutional fitness and resilience in social– ecological systems by revealing how actors navigate highly interdependent environmental governance settings.
How Twitter is being used by Australian engineering academic units

For organisations, social media provide new avenues for communication and collaboration with their stakeholders, however, any value created for an organisation through social media comes not from any particular platforms, but from how they are used. The potential value of social media tools to assist in the successful communication inside and outside of engineering organisations has been identified in the literature. While social media may be widely used by individuals and many organisations, their use in higher education is still relatively new. Applications of social media in engineering education can also be found in the literature, including in work integrated learning. One of the most widely-used social media tools employed by organisations is Twitter. Research on the use of social media by higher education institutions is still limited and evaluation of the impact of social media activities is not straightforward. One approach to evaluation is network analysis.
Control Flow Integrity for Real-time Embedded Systems

OF THE THESIS Control Flow Integrity for Real-time Embedded Systems by Yuqian Huo Master of Science in Computer Science Washington University in St. Louis, December 2021 Research Advisor: Professor Ning Zhang Devices built on embedded systems are widely used in our daily lives. Nowadays, firmware typically uses C and C++ for efficiency and durability. However, those languages are unsafe which can lead to many software and system security issues. Attackers can easily corrupt a system by issuing various memory corruption attacks on a vulnerable program. Control-flow integrity is one of the most prevalent mechanisms used to protect against memory corruption. Most research papers and prototypes focus on using CFI on high-performance chips such as Intel and ARM Cortex-A. However, many embedded systems targeting time critical services are built on resource constrained devices. Many mechanisms cannot work, or have large runtime overhead, when been applied to those embedded systems. This paper presents work applying a CFI policy on resource constrained systems while sustaining security guarantees. We propose a mechanism for applying control-flow integrity in real-time embedded systems to mitigate memory corruption attacks.
Coding as another language: computational thinking, robotics and literacy in first and second grade

This paper explores the integration of coding, CT and literacy by describing a study conducted with first and second grade classrooms in Norfolk, Virginia. A total of 667 students and 57 educators from eight elementary schools, as well as 181 students from two comparison schools participated in a curriculum called Coding as Another Language (CAL) that utilizes KIBO robotics, a developmentally appropriate kit which does not require keyboards or screens. CAL positions the teaching of programming as a symbolic system of representation, a tool for creative expression and communication. Thus, research questions regarding the relationship between students' coding and CT outcomes and their literacy skills were explored, as well as teachers' reactions to the experience, in particular regarding the integrating of teaching computer science and literacy in the early grades. Participation in the CAL-KIBO curriculum was associated with improvement in coding and unplugged CT skills. Baseline literacy skills were related to students' acquisition of CT skills. For example, students who had higher literacy scores at the beginning of the term were more successful in CT tasks. Furthermore, although teachers varied in their perceptions of integrating coding and CT with literacy, our findings suggest that these disciplines may share some cognitive and pedagogical overlap that has yet to be extensively explored in the early computing education field.
ISTITUTO NAZIONALE DI FISICA NUCLEARE

We discuss a method of quantization which produces a nontrivial effective potential for the conformal factor of the metric, both in the case of matter fields propagating in a fixed background geometry, and in the case of pure gravity. In particular, using the method of the average effective potential we compute the scale dependence of the conformal factor. We offer some speculations on the possible significance of this result . • florean~ts.infn. it •• percacci~tsmi19.sissa. it
ALTERATION IN THROMBOGENIC PARAMETERS AS A POTENTIAL RAMIFICATION OF HIGH ALTITUDE INFLUENCE ON INDIVIDUALS

The peculiarity of alteration in platelet indices among other physiological changes on adaptation to high altitude is controversial. This review has revealed insufficient information about how changes in platelet indices can be attributed as a consequence of high-altitude terrain. Further clinical trials are necessary to understand the potential relation between high altitude and changes in thrombocytes and their activity.
Ex-A Generalized Hebb (GH) rule based on a cross-entropy error function for deep belief recursive learning

 Abstract — The purpose of this article is to show a novel learning rule derived from the Hebb rule, for the training of recursive deep belief networks. The derivation is de novo, elegant, and similar to Hinton’s Contrastive Divergence CD-N, where N is the number of recursions (e.g., 1 in a traditional neural multi-layered perceptron). This rule is introduced in this article as “ Generalized Hebb rule ” (GH-N) for an entropic cost function for deep belief recursive learning. This rule is important because: (i) It is easy to apply, (ii) it applies to a stacked deep belief network, (iii) Hinton’s Contrastive Di-vergence rule CD-N for continuous units is a special case of this rule, and (iv) preliminary experimental results show that – for binary patterns – a deep belief auto-associator trained with a recursive neural network often shows a clearer separation of classes in the bottleneck layer than trained with backpropagation or compared to principal component analysis.
ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE AND GENDER STEREOTYPES AMONG KUPTM STUDENTS

The capabilities of gender stereotypes in harming men and women's capacity in developing social roles are being discussed in a different context and perspective. In the context of a student’s academic performance, gender stereotypes are founded as one of the factors that are significantly connected. However, a very limited study was found in proving the effect of stereotypes on academic performance and gender differences in the context of students in Malaysia. Therefore, this study was aimed to find the gender differences in stereotypes. This study also seeks to identify the relationship between different levels of academic performance and stereotypes. The Symbolic Interaction Theory was proposed as the main theory and supported by Social Identity Theory to explain and strengthen the relationship between each variable in this study. A quantitative method was applied in this study and data was collected through the distribution of questionnaires among 230 respondents from Kolej University Poly-Tech MARA Kuala Lumpur (KUPTM KL). The result shows that there is no significant relationship between stereotypes and gender. In addition, there’s a difference between the levels of academic performance with stereotypes. Therefore, the study contributes to the field of communication through the establishment of more comprehensive variables related to the students’ academic performance and stereotypes. It also provided a new perspective of Symbolic Interaction Theory.
Bilateral Conflict: An Experimental Study of Strategic Effectiveness and Equilibrium

Bilateral conflict involves an attacker with several alternative attack methods and a defender who can take various actions to better respond to different types of attack. These situations have wide applicability to political, legal, and economic disputes, but they are particularly challenging to study empirically because the payoffs are unknown. Moreover, each party has an incentive to behave unpredictably, so theoretical predictions are stochastic. This article reports results of an experiment where the details of the environment are tightly controlled. The results sharply contradict the Nash equilibrium predictions about how the two parties’ choice frequencies change in response to the relative effectiveness of alternative attack strategies. In contrast, nonparametric quantal response equilibrium predictions match the observed treatment effects. Estimation of the experimentally controlled payoff parameters across treatments accurately recovers the true values of those parameters with the logit quantal response equilibrium model but not with the Nash equilibrium model.
Adapting Symbolic Linear Relaxation to the Sigmoid Activation Function in Neurify

—In this paper we modify the symbolic linear relaxation algorithm used in the Neurify veriﬁcation system to support the sigmoid activation function. We use our modiﬁed version of Neurify to evaluate a neural network used to tune the block device readahead parameter in operating systems. This neural network represents the very recent application of machine learning models to tune operating system parameters, which is a new area that can beneﬁt from veriﬁcation tools. We also evaluate the readahead neural network using other state of the art property veriﬁcation tools. We show that our modiﬁed Neurify implementation yields comparable performance to other neural network veriﬁers.
Transfer learning in biomechanics

The PhD student will be hosted in both Centre des Matériaux and Centre de Morphologie Mathématique of Mines ParisTech PSL University. The Centre des Matériaux, located at Evry, is a laboratory associated with the CNRS, employing around 200 people including 30 researchers, 50 ITA, 85 PhD students and 11 Post-Doctoral researchers. Research concerns biomaterials, engineering materials, microstructural characterization, numerical modeling at various continuous scales and related data science. The Centre de Morphologie Mathématique, located at Fontainebleau, is a laboratory specialized in image processing. The research work conducted in this laboratory is based on mathematical morphology and deep learning. The fields of application are varied: multimedia, material sciences, electronics, bioimaging, medicine, industrial control. A recommendation letter from the both directors is attached to this proposal.
Revisiting Attenuation Curves: The Case of NGC 3351

Multiwavelength images from the far-UV (∼0.15 μm) to the submillimeter of the central region of the galaxy NGC 3351 are analyzed to constrain its stellar populations and dust attenuation. Despite hosting a ∼1 kpc circumnuclear starburst ring, NGC 3351 deviates from the IRX–β relation, the relation between the infrared-to-UV luminosity ratio and the UV continuum slope β that other starburst galaxies follow. To understand the reason for the deviation, we leverage the high angular resolution of archival near-UV-to-near-IR Hubble Space Telescope images to divide the ring into ∼60–180 pc size regions and model each individually. We find that the UV slope of the combined intrinsic (dust-free) stellar populations in the central region is redder than what is expected for a young model population. This is due to the region’s complex star formation history, which boosts the near-UV emission relative to the far-UV. The resulting net attenuation curve has a UV slope that lies between those of the starburst attenuation curve (Calzetti et al. ) and the Small Magellanic Cloud extinction curve; the total-to-selective attenuation value, R′ (V) = 4.93, is larger than both. As found for other star-forming galaxies, the stellar continuum of NGC 3351 is less attenuated than the ionized gas, with E(B − V)star = 0.40 E(B − V)gas. The combination of the “red” intrinsic stellar population and the new attenuation curve fully accounts for the location of the central region of NGC 3351 on the IRX–β diagram. Thus, the observed characteristics result from the complex mixture of stellar populations and dust column densities in the circumnuclear region. Despite being a sample of one, these findings highlight the difficulty of defining attenuation curves of general applicability outside the regime of centrally concentrated starbursts.
Ab initio study on crystal structure and phase stability of ZrC2 under high pressure

The structural stabilities and crystal evolution behaviors of the hyper stoichiometric compound ZrC2 (carbon rich; C/Zr > 1.0) are studied under ambient and high pressure conditions using first-principles calculations in combination with the particle-swarm optimization algorithm. Six viable structures of ZrC2 in P21/c, Cmmm, Cmc21, P42/nmc, Immm and P6/mmm symmetries are identified. These structures are dynamically stable as their phonon spectra have no imaginary modes at zero pressure or at the selected high-pressure points. Among them, the P21/c phase represents the ground state structure, whereas P21/c, P42/nmc, Immm and P6/mmm phases are part of the phase transition series. The phase order and critical pressures of the phase transition are determined to be approximately 300 GPa according to the equation of states and enthalpy. Furthermore, the mechanical and electronic properties are investigated. The P21/c and Cmc21 phases display a semi-metal nature, whereas the P42/nmc, Immm, P6/mmm and Cmmm phases exhibit a metallic nature. Moreover, the present study reveals considerable information regarding the structural, mechanical and electronic properties of ZrC2, thereby providing key insights into its material properties and evaluating its behavior in practical applications.
Comparison of Time Management and Social Skills of Students In State And Foundation Universities

1 Melek BAYINDIR, 2 Ahmet DAĞ, 3 Mehmet Bilgin KARADEMİR, 4 Ayşe TÜRKSOY IŞIM Gelisim University, İstanbul, Turkey https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-9210-2527 İzmir Bakırcay Üniversity, İzmir, Turkey https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-1000-1379 Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, Antalya, Turkey https://orcid.org/ 0000-0003-0239-1204 İstanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey https://orcid.org/ 0000-0001-9189-9645