Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The amount and chemistry of acylsugars affects sweetpotato whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) oviposition and development, and tomato yellow leaf curl virus incidence, in field grown tomato plants

The objectives of this study were to ascertain the impact of endogenous production of trichome-exuded acylsugars on insects and insect transmitted virus by evaluating tomato lines and their hybrids bred for acylsugar production under field settings on whiteflies and the whitefly-transmitted tomato yellow leaf curl virus. Specifically, we utilized a diverse array of tomato lines and hybrids bred for changes in acylsugar amount or type, grown in three field trials under natural whitefly and virus pressure, to investigate whether the amount of accumulated acylsugars and or the chemical profile of the acylsugars were associated with greater resistance to whiteflies and reduced incidence of tomato yellow leaf curl virus. There was considerable variation in the abundance of whitefly eggs and nymphs and incidence of tomato yellow leaf curl virus across experiments and between entries. Increasing amount of acylsugars accumulated by the tomato entries was associated with a reduction in the abundance of whitefly eggs and nymphs and a reduction in the incidence of tomato yellow leaf curl virus. Additionally, we identified lines with changes in several acylsugar fatty acids that were associated with decreased abundance of whitefly eggs and nymphs and reduced incidence of tomato yellow leaf curl virus. These results inform the utility of acylsugars as a host plant defense system for improving resistance to whiteflies and their transmitted viruses, with potential for reducing insecticides as a control method for whiteflies and provide breeding targets for optimization of existing acylsugar tomato lines to create lines with the most efficacious amount and chemistry of acylsugars.
Stem Cell Repor ts

Retinoic acid (RA) induces an atrial phenotype in human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), but expression of atrium-selective currents such as the ultrarapid (I Kur ) and acetylcholine-stimulated K + current is variable and less than in the adult human atrium. We suspected methodological issues and systematically investigated the concentration dependency of RA. RA treatment increased I Kur concentration dependently from 1.1 ± 0.54 pA/pF (0 RA) to 3.8 ± 1.1, 5.8 ± 2.5, and 12.2 ± 4.3 at 0.01, 0.1, and 1 m M, respectively. Only 1 m M RA induced enough I Kur to fully reproduce human atrial action potential (AP) shape and a robust shortening of APs upon carbachol. We found that sterile ﬁltration caused substantial loss of RA. We conclude that 1 m M RA seems to be necessary and sufﬁcient to induce a full atrial AP shape in hiPSC-CM in EHT format. RA concentrations are prone to methodological issues and may profoundly impact the success of atrial differentiation.
Roles of the CCR4‐Not complex in translation and dynamics of co‐translation events

Abstract The Ccr4‐Not complex is a global regulator of mRNA metabolism in eukaryotic cells that is most well‐known to repress gene expression. Delivery of the complex to mRNAs through a multitude of distinct mechanisms accelerates their decay, yet Ccr4‐Not also plays an important role in co‐translational processes, such as co‐translational association of proteins and delivery of translating mRNAs to organelles. The recent structure of Not5 interacting with the translated ribosome has brought to light that embedded information within the codon sequence can be monitored by recruitment of the Ccr4‐Not complex to elongating ribosomes. Thereby, the Ccr4‐Not complex is empowered with regulatory decisions determining the fate of proteins being synthesized and their encoding mRNAs. This review will focus on the roles of the complex in translation and dynamics of co‐translation events. This article is categorized under: Translation > Mechanisms Translation > Regulation
Epitope mapping of monoclonal antibodies: a comprehensive comparison of different technologies

ABSTRACT Monoclonal antibodies have become an important class of therapeutics in the last 30 years. Because the mechanism of action of therapeutic antibodies is intimately linked to their binding epitopes, identification of the epitope of an antibody to the antigen plays a central role during antibody drug development. The gold standard of epitope mapping, X-ray crystallography, requires a high degree of proficiency with no guarantee of success. Here, we evaluated six widely used alternative methods for epitope identification (peptide array, alanine scan, domain exchange, hydrogen-deuterium exchange, chemical cross-linking, and hydroxyl radical footprinting) in five antibody-antigen combinations (pembrolizumab+PD1, nivolumab+PD1, ipilimumab+CTLA4, tremelimumab+CTLA4, and MK-5890+CD27). The advantages and disadvantages of each technique are demonstrated by our data and practical advice on when and how to apply specific epitope mapping techniques during the drug development process is provided. Our results suggest chemical cross-linking most accurately identifies the epitope as defined by crystallography.
Management of Brain Metastases: A Review of Novel Therapies

Abstract Brain metastases (BMs) represent the most common intracranial tumors in adults, and most commonly originate from lung, followed by breast, melanoma, kidney, and colorectal cancer. Management of BM is individualized based on the size and number of brain metastases, the extent of extracranial disease, the primary tumor subtype, neurological symptoms, and prior lines of therapy. Until recently, treatment strategies were limited to local therapies, like surgical resection and radiotherapy, the latter in the form of whole-brain radiotherapy or stereotactic radiosurgery. The next generation of local strategies includes laser interstitial thermal therapy, magnetic hyperthermic therapy, post-resection brachytherapy, and focused ultrasound. New targeted therapies and immunotherapies with documented intracranial activity have transformed clinical outcomes. Novel systemic therapies with intracranial utility include new anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitors like brigatinib and ensartinib; selective “rearranged during transfection” inhibitors like selpercatinib and pralsetinib; B-raf proto-oncogene inhibitors like encorafenib and vemurafenib; Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene inhibitors like sotorasib and adagrasib; ROS1 gene rearrangement (ROS1) inhibitors, anti-neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase agents like larotrectinib and entrectinib; anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2/epidermal growth factor receptor exon 20 agent like poziotinib; and antibody–drug conjugates like trastuzumab-emtansine and trastuzumab-deruxtecan. This review highlights the modern multidisciplinary management of BM, emphasizing the integration of systemic and local therapies.
USERS GUIDE for A THREE-DIMENSIONAL, PRIMITIVE EQUATION, NUMERICAL OCEAN MODEL

ユーザーガイドのこのバージョンは,1991年以降生じた変更を認めている. コード自体は若干の最近の変更 を取り入れている. Fortran名:tmean,smeanは,関数と残りの関数からくるこれらの変数の取扱いを識別す るために,tclim,sclimに変更された. より明確にそれらの機能を示すために,名称:trnu,trnvは,drx2d, dry2dに,名称:advuu,advvvは,adx2d,ady2dに変更された. 風によって駆動される閉じた水域の代わり に,pom97. fは現在,領域の中央に島または海山を含む水路を通過する流れの問題を解く. このように,サブ ルーチン bcondは,アクティブな開境界条件を含む. しかしながら,これらの実例となる境界条件は,多くの 可能性の一部であり,従って,地域的なモデルのための開境界条件は,モデルのユーザーにとって難しい選択 となる. この 1998年の改訂は,第 16節の開境界条件に関するより完全な議論を含む.
Cardiac interoception in Anorexia Nervosa: A resting-state heartbeat-evoked potential study.

OBJECTIVE A deficit in interoception - the ability to perceive, interpret and integrate afferent signals about the physiological state of the body - has been shown in Anorexia Nervosa (AN), and linked to altered hunger sensations, body dysmorphia, and abnormal emotional awareness. The present high-density electroencephalography (hdEEG) study aims to assess cardiac interoception in AN and to investigate its neural correlates, using an objective neurophysiological measure. METHOD Heartbeat-evoked potentials (HEPs) were computed from 5 min of resting-state EEG and electrocardiogram (ECG) data and compared between individuals with AN (N = 22) and healthy controls (HC) (N = 19) with waveform, topographic, and source imaging analyses. RESULTS Differences in the cortical representation of heartbeats were present between AN and HC at a time window of 332-348 ms after the ECG R-peak. Source imaging analyses revealed a right-sided hypoactivation in AN of brain regions linked to interoceptive processing, such as the anterior cingulate and orbitofrontal areas. CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study using hdEEG to localise the underlying sources of HEPs in AN. Results point to altered interoceptive processing during resting-state in AN. As our participants had a short duration of illness, this might not be the consequence of prolonged starvation. Interventions targeted at interoception could provide an additional tool to facilitate recovery.
Statistical Research Regarding the Consolidation Strategies for Greater Efforts Concerning the Quality of Tourist Products and Services Offered by Tourist Receiving Structures from the Tourist Areas Vatra Dornei, Neamţ and Brig

The recent continuous development of the tourism, its vast expansion on a national level, the increase of the methodology of the quantification of tourist circulation, which today involves much larger categories of people of different age, education, and occupation, determined that the tourism represent an extremely important phenomenon of the contemporary world.For a good development of tourist activity in a tourist receiving structure, it was necessary to implement a consolidation strategy concerning the quality of tourist products and services, which offer the possibility of leading the quality in conditions of maximum efficiency in order to increase the satisfaction of potential consumers of tourism.
The Tionesta Scenic and Research Natural Areas

Hemlock-beech forests once covered 6 million acres of the Allegheny Plateau in Pennsylvania and New York. To preserve a remnant of this forest, the Federal Government purchased the last remaining uncut hemlock-beech forest in 1936. Four years later, half of this area was set aside in the Tionesta Scenic Area, primarily for public enjoyment; the other half was set aside in the Tionesta Research Natural Area for scientific study. Both areas are administered by the Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. A brief ecological history of the area shows the changes that have occurred in the forest. Strong winds resulting in extensive areas of blowdown have led to the regeneration of intolerant species and the development of second-growth stands in a climax forest. Deer browsing has virtually eliminated hobblebrush from the understory and limits regeneration to unpalatable species such as beech. Lists of trees, shrubs, herbs, and vertebrates present in the early 1930s are included.
Use of invasive cardiopulmonary exercise testing to diagnose preload reserve failure in patients with liver disease

Abstract In this case series, we describe the use of invasive cardiopulmonary exercise testing (iCPET) to diagnose heart failure due to preload reserve failure in two patients with progressive dyspnoea. We demonstrate that underlying liver disease contributes to preload reserve failure as a cause of exertional dysfunction. In liver diseases such as non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), fibrotic changes to the sinusoidal liver architecture occur leading to an increased transhepatic sinusoidal pressure gradient. Even at the earliest stage of hepatic fibrosis in patients with NAFLD, changes in hepatic blood flow are seen due to outflow block in the sinusoidal area. In this way, changes to the sinusoidal liver architecture can lead to limitations in preload reserve. This case series describes two patients with exertional dyspnoea found to have preload failure on iCPET due to underlying liver disease.
South Florida Water Management Model: Regional-Scale Water Management Tool

Regional-scale water resources planning and management are critical in south Florida. Balancing the competing needs of the environment, agriculture and urban communities has been the central theme among the numerous water-related issues pertinent to the area. Specifically, water resources planning involves the enhancement and restoration of natural flow and water levels in the Everglades, and the provision of water supply and flood protection to the residents of south Florida. Computer simulation modeling is perhaps the only feasible way of assessing systemwide impacts of the various proposed modifications to the water resources system in the region. The South Florida Water Management Model is used as the primary regional-scale modeling tool for water resources planning in south Florida. This paper provides an overview of the South Florida Water Management Model, its theoretical basis, areas of applicability and a brief description of significant projects where the model has been successfully used as the analytical tool for evaluating the technical merits of various water resources alternatives.
Heart failure ‘the cancer of the heart’: the prognostic role of the HLM score

Abstract Aims The multi‐systemic effects of heart failure (HF) resemble the spread observed during cancer. We propose a new score, named HLM, analogous to the TNM classification used in oncology, to assess the prognosis of HF. HLM refers to H: heart damage, L: lung involvement, and M: systemic multiorgan involvement. The aim was to compare the HLM score to the conventional New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification, American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) stages, and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), to assess the most accurate prognostic tool for HF patients. Methods and results We performed a multicentre, observational, prospective study of consecutive patients admitted for HF. Heart, lung, and other organ function parameters were collected. Each patient was classified according to the HLM score, NYHA classification, ACC/AHA stages, and LVEF assessed by transthoracic echocardiography. The follow‐up period was 12 months. The primary endpoint was a composite of all‐cause death and rehospitalization due to HF. A total of 1720 patients who completed the 12 month follow‐up period have been enrolled in the study. 520 (30.2%) patients experienced the composite endpoint of all‐cause death and rehospitalization due to HF. 540 (31.4%) patients were female. The mean age of the study population was 70.5 ± 12.9. The mean LVEF at admission was 42.5 ± 13%. Regarding the population distribution across the spectrum of HLM score stages, 373 (21.7%) patients were included in the HLM‐1, 507 (29.5%) in the HLM‐2, 587 (34.1%) in the HLM‐3, and 253 (14.7%) in the HLM‐4. HLM was the most accurate score to predict the primary endpoint at 12 months. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was greater for the HLM score compared with the NYHA classification, ACC/AHA stages, or LVEF, regarding the composite endpoint (HLM = 0.645; NYHA = 0.580; ACC/AHA = 0.589; LVEF = 0.572). The AUC of the HLM score was significantly better compared with the LVEF (P = 0.002), ACC/AHA (P = 0.029), and NYHA (P = 0.009) AUC. Conclusions The HLM score has a greater prognostic power compared with the NYHA classification, ACC/AHA stages, and LVEF assessed by transthoracic echocardiography in terms of the composite endpoint of all‐cause death and rehospitalization due to HF at 12 months of follow‐up.
Sensory Drive Modifies Brain Dynamics and the Temporal Integration Window

Abstract Perception is suggested to occur in discrete temporal windows, clocked by cycles of neural oscillations. An important testable prediction of this theory is that individuals' peak frequencies of oscillations should correlate with their ability to segregate the appearance of two successive stimuli. An influential study tested this prediction and showed that individual peak frequency of spontaneously occurring alpha (8–12 Hz) correlated with the temporal segregation threshold between two successive flashes of light [Samaha, J., & Postle, B. R. The speed of alpha-band oscillations predicts the temporal resolution of visual perception. Current Biology, 25, 2985–2990, 2015]. However, these findings were recently challenged [Buergers, S. , & Noppeney, U. The role of alpha oscillations in temporal binding within and across the senses. Nature Human Behaviour, 6, 732–742, 2022]. To advance our understanding of the link between oscillations and temporal segregation, we devised a novel experimental approach. Rather than relying entirely on spontaneous brain dynamics, we presented a visual grating before the flash stimuli that is known to induce continuous oscillations in the gamma band (45–65 Hz). By manipulating the contrast of the grating, we found that high contrast induces a stronger gamma response and a shorter temporal segregation threshold, compared to low-contrast trials. In addition, we used a novel tool to characterize sustained oscillations and found that, for half of the participants, both the low- and high-contrast gratings were accompanied by a sustained and phase-locked alpha oscillation. These participants tended to have longer temporal segregation thresholds. Our results suggest that visual stimulus drive, reflected by oscillations in specific bands, is related to the temporal resolution of visual perception.
Genome sequences of Mx1, the first Myxococcus phage isolated, and Mx4, a generalized transducing myxophage

ABSTRACT Myxococcus xanthus is the best-studied member of the phylum Myxococcota, but the bacteriophages infecting it and their characterization remain limited. Here, we present complete genomes of Mx1, the first Myxococcus phage isolated, and of an Mx4 derivative widely used for generalized transduction, both unclassified Caudoviricetes with long, contractile tails.
Schistosomiasis Seroprevalence among Children Aged 0–14 Years in Nigeria, 2018

ABSTRACT. The first nationally representative, population-based study of schistosomiasis seroprevalence in Nigeria was conducted using blood samples and risk-factor data collected during the 2018 Nigeria HIV/AIDS Indicator and Impact Survey (NAIIS). Schistosomiasis seroprevalence was estimated by analyzing samples for reactivity to schistosome soluble egg antigen (SEA) in a multiplex bead assay; NAIIS survey data were assessed to identify potential risk factors for seropositivity. The SEA antibody data were available for 31,459 children aged 0 to 14 years. Overall seroprevalence was 17.2% (95% CI: 16.3–18.1%). Seropositive children were identified in every age group, including children < 5 years, and seroprevalence increased with increasing age (P < 0.0001). Several factors were associated with increased odds of seropositivity, including being a boy (odds ratio [OR] = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.24–1.45), living in a rural area (OR = 2.2, 95% CI: 1.9–2.5), and animal ownership (OR = 1.67, 95% CI: 1.52–1.85). Access to improved sanitation and drinking water sources were associated with decreased odds of seropositivity (OR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.47–0.58 and OR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.47–0.60, respectively) regardless of whether the child lived in a rural (sanitation: adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.7, 95% CI: 0.6–0.8; drinking water: aOR = 0.7, 95% CI: 0.6–0.8) or urban area (sanitation: aOR = 0.6, 95% CI: 0.5–0.7; drinking water: aOR = 0.5, 95% CI: 0.4–0.6), highlighting the importance of these factors for schistosomiasis prevention and control. These results identified additional risk populations (children < 5 years) and a new risk factor (animal ownership) and could be used to monitor the impact of control programs.
Study Protocol for the Breathe Easier Trial: A Pilot RCT of a Dyad-Based, Multiple-Behavior Intervention for Improving Physical and Emotional Health in Survivors Facing Lung Cancer

Background: Research targeting survivors of lung cancer has yet to adequately address the management of physical deconditioning and unresolved symptoms (dyspnea, fatigue). The objective of the Breathe Easier trial is to test the feasibility and preliminary effects of a theory-based, multiple-behavior intervention (physical activity, smoking reduction for current smokers, stress management) targeting survivors of localized non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC, stages I-III) and their supportive partners. Methods: This pilot RCT will enroll 30 dyads (60 participants). Each dyad will consist of one survivor and one partner (defined as a family member or friend) Dyads will be randomized to the Intervention Group (IG) or the Attention Control Group (AC). IG members will receive the 12-week, home-based intervention based on the individual and family self-management theory, which targets improvements in self-efficacy, social support, and self-regulation. Improvement in lifestyle behaviors is a proximal outcome. Improvements in physical and emotional health are distal outcomes. Breathe Easier (IG) includes educational content written in plain language as well as breathing exercises and meditations; SMART goal setting; daily text messaging; and weekly telephone calls with trained staff. The AC program includes relevant National Institutes of Health publications plus weekly telephone chats. Members who currently smoke will also receive an evidence-based smoking cessation resource. Discussion: Breathe Easier focuses on changes in multiple behaviors in dyads coping with a diagnosis of NSCLC (stages I-III) with the overall purpose of improving physical and emotional health. Findings will provide additional evidence of the feasibility and preliminary effects of this intervention. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05956782; This trial was registered retrospectively.
System justification theory as a foundation for understanding relations among toxic health care workplaces, bullying, and psychological safety

Background Toxic work environments and bullying are rampant in health care organizations. The Joint Commission asserted that bullying is a threat to patient safety, and furthermore, it implied that bullying affects clinician psychological safety. However, after decades of trying to reduce bullying, it persists. Purpose The purpose of this study was to determine if system justification (SJ) theory can help explain the persistence of bullying in health care organizations. SJ theory posits that people are motivated to justify the systems with which they are embedded, even if those systems are dysfunctional or unfair. Method A cross-sectional survey of health care workers (n = 302) was used to test a moderated mediation model to examine relations between instrumental work climate perceptions and psychological safety, as mediated by SJ and moderated by experiences of workplace bullying. Results Analysis revealed that SJ fully mediated negative relations between instrumental climate and psychological safety; because of SJ the instrumental climate no longer had a direct negative association with psychological safety. Furthermore, bullying was found to play a moderating role in the instrumental climate–SJ relationship. Conclusion This study found some support for the role of SJ in perpetuating instrumental workplaces and workplace bullying in health care. Practice Implications Some scholars have proposed that a focus on disrupting workplace contexts that trigger SJ in workers could help break patterns of behavior that enable toxic work environments and bullying to persist.