Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The radial distribution of dust species in young brown dwarf discs

We present a study of the radial distribution of dust species in young brown dwarf discs. Our work is based on a compositional analysis of the 10 and 20 µm silicate emission features for brown dwarfs in the Taurus–Auriga star-forming region. A fundamental finding of our work is that brown dwarfs exhibit stronger signs of dust processing in the cold component of the disc, compared to the higher mass T Tauri stars in Taurus. For nearly all of our targets, we find a flat disc structure, which is consistent with the stronger signs of dust processing observed in these discs. For the case of one brown dwarf, 2M04230607, we find the forsterite mass fraction to be a factor of ∼3 higher in the outer disc compared to the inner disc region. Simple large-scale radial mixing cannot account for this gradient in the dust chemical composition, and some local crystalline formation mechanism may be effective in this disc. The relatively high abundance of crystalline silicates in the outer cold regions of brown dwarf discs provides an interesting analogy to comets. In this context, we have discussed the applicability of the various mechanisms that have been proposed for comets on the formation and the outward transport of high-temperature material. We also present Chandra X-ray observations for two Taurus brown dwarfs, 2M04414825 and CFHT-BD-Tau 9. We find 2M04414825, which has an ∼12 per cent crystalline mass fraction, to be more than an order of magnitude brighter in X-ray than CFHT-BD-Tau 9, which has an ∼35 per cent crystalline mass fraction. Combining with previous X-ray data, we find the inner disc crystalline mass fractions to be anti-correlated with the X-ray strength.
Effects of noise presence and noise position on interpersonal distance in a triadic conversation.

People usually move in different ways during conversations but little is known whether movement behavior reflects difficulties that some people experience in communication in terms of listening and speaking. Here, we investigate movement behavior of standing participants in triadic conversations in noise with different spatial properties. In the initial analysis, we test how presence and position of noise affects interpersonal distance. The task of the interlocutors was to hold a free conversation in controlled acoustic conditions with realistic reverberation and visual scene of an underground station that was rendered in real-time in the Simulated Open Field Environment while the participants were monitored with motion tracking equipment and their voices were recorded. Two groups of people took part in the study. Different noise conditions involved presence of stationary speech-shaped noise at 70 dB SPL presented from one of four possible directions (Front, Right, Rear, Left), or from all directions simultaneously (F+R+R+L), or there was no noise (Quiet). The results show that interpersonal distance decreased when the noise was present, which confirmed previous results. Further, the preliminary analysis shows a relatively small effect of noise position on the interpersonal distance.
Apoptosis Regulators Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 Apoptosis Regulators

Deﬁnition: Apoptosis, programmed cell death, has a central role in developmental biology and in maintaining the equilibrium of renewing tissues. A founding member of the Bcl-2 family of regulatory proteins for apoptosis is Bcl-2, which is encoded by the BCL2 gene. Caspase-3 shares typical features with all caspases, including the role of acting as a crucial mediator of apoptosis. Definition: Apoptosis, maintaining the equilibrium tory features all caspases,
The Matrix Element Method: Past, Present, and Future

The increasing use of multivariate methods, and in particular the Matrix Element Method (MEM), represents a revolution in experimental particle physics. With continued exponential growth in computing capabilities, the use of sophisticated multivariate methods– already common– will soon become ubiquitous and ultimately almost compulsory. While the existence of sophisticated algorithms for disentangling signal and background might naively suggest a diminished role for theorists, the use of the MEM, with its inherent connection to the calculation of differential cross sections will benefit from collaboration between theorists and experimentalists. In this white paper, we will briefly describe the MEM and some of its recent uses, note some current issues and potential resolutions, and speculate about exciting future opportunities.
A Deep Paradigm for Articulatory Speech Representation Learning via Neural Convolutive Sparse Matrix Factorization

Most of the research on data-driven speech rep-001 resentation learning has focused on raw audios 002 in an end-to-end manner, paying little attention 003 to their internal phonological or gestural struc-004 ture. This work, investigating the speech repre-005 sentations derived from articulatory kinematics 006 signals, uses a neural implementation of convo-007 lutive sparse matrix factorization to decompose 008 the articulatory data into interpretable gestures 009 and gestural scores. By applying sparse con-010 straints, the gestural scores leverage the dis-011 crete combinatorial properties of phonological 012 gestures. Phoneme recognition experiments 013 were additionally performed to show that ges-014 tural scores indeed code phonological infor-015 mation successfully. The proposed work thus 016 makes a bridge between articulatory phonol-017 ogy and deep neural networks to leverage inter-018 pretable, intelligible, informative, and efficient 019 speech representations. 020
Radiation pressure confinement – III. The origin of the broad ionization distribution in AGN outflows

The winds of ionized gas driven by Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) can be studied through absorption lines in their X-ray spectra. A recurring feature of these outflows is their broad ionization distribution, including essentially all ionization levels (e.g., Fe^0+ to Fe^25+). This characteristic feature can be quantified with the absorption measure distribution (AMD), defined as the distribution of column density with ionization parameter |dN / dlog xi|. Observed AMDs extend over 0.1 < xi < 10^4 (cgs), and are remarkably similar in different objects. Power-law fits (|dN /dlog xi| ~ N_1 xi^a) yield N_1 = 3x10^{21} cm^-2 +- 0.4 dex and a = 0 -- 0.4. What is the source of this broad ionization distribution, and what sets the small range of observed $N_1$ and $a$? A common interpretation is a multiphase outflow, with a wide range of gas densities in a uniform gas pressure medium. However, the incident radiation pressure leads to a gas pressure gradient in the photoionized gas, and therefore to a broad range of ionization states within a single slab. We show that this compression of the gas by the radiation pressure leads to an AMD with |dN / dlog xi| = 8x10^21 xi^0.03 cm^-2, remarkably similar to that observed. The calculated values of $N_1$ and $a$ depend weakly on the gas metallicity, the ionizing spectral slope, the distance from the nucleus, the ambient density, and the total absorber column. Thus, radiation pressure compression (RPC) of the photoionized gas provides a natural explanation for the observed AMD. RPC predicts that the gas pressure increases with decreasing ionization, which can be used to test the validity of RPC in ionized AGN outflows.
Quantum-interference-controlled resonance profiles from lasing without inversion to photodetection

In this work we report a quantum interference mediated control of the resonance profiles in a generic three-level system and investigate its effect on key quantum interference (QI) phenomena. Namely in a three-level configuration with doublets in the ground or excited states, we show control over enhancement and suppression of the emission (absorption) profiles. This is achieved by manipulation of the strength of QI and the energy spacing of the doublets. We analyze the application of such QI-induced control of the resonance profile in the framework of two limiting cases of lasing without inversion and photodetection.
A Differentiable Extended Kalman Filter for Object Tracking Under Sliding Regime

Tactile sensing represents a valuable source of information in robotics for perception of the state of objects and their properties. Modern soft tactile sensors allow perceiving orthogonal forces and, in some cases, relative motions along the surface of the object. Detecting and measuring this kind of lateral motion is fundamental to react to possibly uncontrolled slipping and sliding of the object being manipulated. Object slip detection and prediction have been extensively studied in the robotic community leading to solutions with good accuracy and suitable for closed-loop grip stabilization. However, algorithms for object perception, such as in-hand object pose estimation and tracking algorithms, often assume no relative motion between the object and the hand and rarely consider the problem of tracking the pose of the object subjected to slipping and sliding motions. In this work, we propose a differentiable Extended Kalman filter that can be trained to track the position and the velocity of an object under translational sliding regime from tactile observations alone. Experiments with several objects, carried out on the iCub humanoid robot platform, show that the proposed approach allows achieving an average position tracking error in the order of 0.6 cm, and that the provided estimate of the object state can be used to take control decisions using tactile feedback alone. A video of the experiments is available as Supplementary Material.
Shear wave velocity estimation based on the particle swarm optimization method of HVSR curve inversion in Bakauheni district, Indonesia

Recommended Citation ZAENUDIN, AHMAD; DARMAWAN, I GEDE BOY; FARDUWIN, ALHADA; and WIBOWO, RAHMAT CATUR (2022) "Shear wave velocity estimation based on the particle swarm optimization method of HVSR curve inversion in Bakauheni district, Indonesia," Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences: Vol. 31: No. 5, Article 5. https://doi.org/10.55730/1300-0985.1815 Available at: https://journals.tubitak. gov.tr/earth/vol31/iss5/5
Robustness against Disorder of Relativistic Spectral Properties in Chalcogenide Alloys

In order to carefully address the interplay between substitutional disorder and spin-orbit-coupling in IV-VI alloys, we propose a novel theoretical approach that integrates the reliability of plane-wave based density-functional theory beyond the local-density approximation with the Coherent Potential Approximation. By applying the proposed method to ternary chalcogenide alloys, we predict a substantial robustness of spectral features close to the Fermi energy against substitutional disorder. Supplementing our first-principles calculations with the analysis of the $k \cdot p$ model for rock-salt chalcogenides, we show that the disorder self-energy is vanishingly small close to the band gap, thus allowing for bulk Rashba-like spin splitting to be observed in ferroelectric alloys, such as PbS$_x$Te$_{1-x}$, and protecting the band-character inversion related to the topological transition in the recently discovered Topological Crystalline Insulator Pb$_{1-x}$Sn$_x$Te.
Variational and Finite Element Methods: Symbolic Computation Approach

A solution to get the problem off, have you found it? Really? What kind of solution do you resolve the problem? From what sources? Well, there are so many questions that we utter every day. No matter how you will get the solution, it will mean better. You can take the reference from some books. And the variational and finite element methods symbolic computation approach is one book that we really recommend you to read, to get more solutions in solving this problem.
IVOA Recommendation: SSO - Single-Sign-On Profile: Authentication Mechanisms Version 2.0

Approved client-server authentication mechanisms are described for the IVOA single-sign-on profile: No Authentication; HTTP Basic Authentication; TLS with passwords; TLS with client certificates; Cookies; Open Authentication; Security Assertion Markup Language; OpenID. Normative rules are given for the implementation of these mechanisms, mainly by reference to pre-existing standards. The Authorization mechanisms are out of the scope of this document.
Optimal Coordinate as a General Method in Stochastic Dynamics

A general method to describe stochastic dynamics of Markov processes is suggested. The method aims to solve three related problems. The determination of an optimal coordinate for the description of stochastic dynamics. The reconstruction of time from an ensemble of stochastic trajectories. The decomposition of stationary stochastic dynamics on eigen-modes which do not decay exponentially with time. The problems are solved by introducing additive eigenvectors which are transformed by a stochastic matrix in a simple way every component is translated on a constant distance. Such solutions have peculiar properties. For example, an optimal coordinate for stochastic dynamics with detailed balance is a multi-valued function. An optimal coordinate for a random walk on the line corresponds to the conventional eigenvector of the one dimensional Dirac equation. The equation for the optimal coordinate in a slow varying potential reduces to the Hamilton-Jacobi equation for the action function.
Composition Learning in “Modular” Robot Systems

Modular robot and multi-robot systems share a concept in common: composition, i.e. the study of how parts can be combined so they can be used to achieve certain objectives. Our vision is to enable robotic systems to configure and reconfigure themselves during field deployment, either autonomously or with the help of users, to adapt to emerging tasks and conditions. This goal requires us to generate compositions in real-time, while maintaining the ability to handle emergent constraints and conflicting objectives. To address these challenges, we present evolution-guided generative adversarial networks (EG-GAN) that learns to map task to compositions. Our method trains a generative model to map a task to a distribution of compositions, with training signals guided by the output of evolutionary algorithm operations. Once trained, the EG-GAN can be used to produce compositions in a near real-time fashion. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our algorithm on two distinct composition problems: 1. designing modular robots and 2. forming teams for multi-robot systems, and show that our algorithm outperforms the previous stateof-the-art algorithms in solution quality, solution diversity, and the ability to handle multiple objectives. A separate challenge in robot composition involves the complexity introduced by inter-component connectivity, which makes the composition space high-dimensional and topologically diverse, and therefore hard to search within. We introduce Grammar-guided Latent Space Optimization (GLSO), a framework that transforms the original composition space into a low-dimensional, continuous latent space via unsupervised learning. The transformation converts the composition problem into a continuous optimization problem, where we apply sample-efficient Bayesian Optimization to search in the latent space for high-performing compositions. Our method allows us to search in the high-dimensional robot composition space more efficiently than previous state-of-the-art.
General theory of assisted entanglement distillation

We evaluate the one-shot entanglement of assistance for an arbitrary bipartite state. This yields another interesting result, namely a characterization of the one-shot distillable entanglement of a bipartite pure state. This result is shown to be stronger than that obtained by specializing the one-shot hashing bound to pure states. Finally, we show how the one-shot result yields the operational interpretation of the asymptotic entanglement of assistance proved in [Smolin et al. Phys. Rev. A 72, 052317 (2005)].
Trafﬁc Safety at German Roundabouts—A Replication Study

: Roundabouts are well-known for their ability to improve upon trafﬁc safety, especially for motorized trafﬁc. An in-depth analysis on this topic is known from previous work. It was found that different types of roundabouts have different levels of safety. The work at hand is a replication study for a previous study in this regard. It uses a mix of traditional and a Machine Learning (ML)-based approach, expands on the previous results and replicates some of the previous ﬁndings. This was possible especially by using a factor of 10 more roundabouts in the analysis, with considerably less manual intervention. Furthermore, this study could also draw some additional conclusions regarding the safety of bicyclists, which were not included in the original study. Finally, by using cross-validation techniques, a kind of minimal model could be established that needs fewer factors and achieves better prediction quality than straightforward glm models.
THE HANLE EFFECT OF Lyα IN A MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC MODEL OF THE SOLAR TRANSITION REGION

In order to understand the heating of the solar corona it is crucial to obtain empirical information on the magnetic field in its lower boundary (the transition region). To this end, we need to measure and model the linear polarization produced by scattering processes in strong UV lines, such as the hydrogen Lyα line. The interpretation of the observed Stokes profiles will require taking into account that the outer solar atmosphere is highly structured and dynamic, and that the height of the transition region may well vary from one place in the atmosphere to another. Here, we report on the Lyα scattering polarization signals we have calculated in a realistic model of an enhanced network region, resulting from a state-of-the-art radiation magnetohydrodynamic simulation. This model is characterized by spatially complex variations of the physical quantities at transition region heights. The results of our investigation lead us to emphasize that scattering processes in the upper solar chromosphere should indeed produce measurable linear polarization in Lyα. More importantly, we show that via the Hanle effect the model's magnetic field produces significant changes in the emergent Q/I and U/I profiles. Therefore, we argue that by measuring the polarization signals produced by scattering processes and the Hanle effect in Lyα and contrasting them with those computed in increasingly realistic atmospheric models, we should be able to decipher the magnetic, thermal, and dynamic structure of the upper chromosphere and transition region of the Sun.
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics

Received Jan 14, 2022 Revised Aug 14, 2022 Accepted Sep 2, 2022 The optic disc (OD) is an important landmark of the retina and its location is essential for computer-aided diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma. This paper presented a new method that applies the proposed graph traversal algorithm for vertical vascular infrastructure to detect root nodes representing the location of optical discs. The proposed algorithms were designed to process the terrific view of blood vessels from a polar image without depending on the prominent OD characteristic of circular/elliptical shape and brightness. Before constructing the vascular infrastructure, the new multiscale and multi-orientation top-hat filters were proposed to properly approximate blood vessels of different sizes and directions. The proposed method provided efficiency and certainty for complex retinal images such as low contrast OD with low illumination and distorted OD shape due to complex vascular structure. The algorithms evaluation was performed on five public fundus image databases for retinal image analysis. Experimental results revealed that the proposed algorithm identified valid optical discs with high accuracy as 91.21%, 95.09%, 88.45%, 91.66%, and 95.01% for the five corresponding data sets and outperformed comparison methods.
Avascular necrosis less frequently found in systemic lupus Avascular necrosis less frequently found in systemic lupus erythematosus patients with the use of alternate day erythematosus patients with the use of alternate day

was found in 11 of 127 (8.7%) SLE patients. Hyperlipidemia 0.001), cushingoid (P 0.001), 0.013) found at higher rates in the AVN group. All of the 11 AVN cases had osteoporosis (P < 0.02). In multivariate regression analysis, daily steroid usage was the only factor for development of AVN in SLE. Conclusion: The hypothesis of our study was that an alternate day steroid regimen may decrease AVN frequency in SLE patients.
Independence and conservativity results for intuitionistic set theory

There are two main parts to this thesis. The first part will deal with some independence results. In 1979, Lifschitz in [13] introduced a realizability interpretation for Heyting's arithmetic, HA, that could differentiate between Church's thesis with uniqueness condition, CT0! , and the general form of Church's thesis, CT0. The objective here is to extend Lifschitz' realizability to intuitionistic Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory with two sorts, IZFN. In addition to separating Church's thesis with uniqueness condition from its general form in intuitionistic set theory, I also obtain several interesting corollaries. The interpretation repudiates a weak form of countable choice, ACN2, asserting that every countable family of inhabited subsets of {0,1} has a choice function. The second part will be concerned with Constructive Zermelo-Fraenkel Set Theory and other intuitionistic set theories augmented by various principles, notably choice principles. It will be shown that the addition of these (choice) principles does not change the stock of provable arithmetical theorems. This type of conservativity result has its roots in a theorem of Goodman[9] who showed that Heyting arithmetic in all nite types augmented by the axiom of choice for all levels is conservative over HA. The technique I employ here to obtain such results for intuitionistic set theories, however, owes a lot to a paper by Beeson published in 1979. In [2] he showed how to construe Goodman's Theorem as the composition of two interpretations, namely relativized realizability and forcing. In this thesis, I adopt the same approach and employ it to a plethora of intuitionistic set theories.
Zero On-Axis Backscattering of an Anisotropically Coated Shell of Revolution.

Abstract : A sufficient condition for eliminating the on axis backscattering of an anisotropic impedance coated shell of revolution has been deduced. The outside and inside normalized surface impedances Z+ and Z with which this sufficient condition can be satisfied have all been found. One exceptional situation is when the impedance matrices are equal and skew symmetric with their determinants equal to -1. All other cases require that the two matrices be symmetric, their determinants be unity, and the determinant of their difference be zero. The shell under consideration can be a closed one. For such a body of revolution only the conditions on Z+ need to apply, i.e., Z+ must be either symmetric or skew symmetric, with detZ+ = +1. This is an extension of Weston's result to anisotropically coated bodies. Results of this work make available a wide class of models which, must have zero on axis backscattering cross section. All general purpose numerical codes for computing the scattering cross sections of anisotropic impedance coated objects should be checked for their accuracy against a selected group of such models. Such comparisons should provide indications of an error bound of the particular algorithm.
pro-Nontyphoidal Salmonella Infection, Guangdong Province, China, 2012 1

We used active and passive surveillance to estimate nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS) infection during 2012 in Guangdong Province, China. Under passive surveillance, for every reported NTS infection, an estimated 414.8 cases occurred annually. Under active surveillance, an estimated 35.8 cases occurred. Active surveillance provides remarkable advantages in incidence estimate.