Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identification of Seniors at Risk Score to Determine Geriatric Evaluations on Trauma Patients With Hip Fractures

BACKGROUND: Trauma centers are confronted with rising numbers of geriatric trauma patients at high risk for adverse outcomes. Geriatric screening is advocated but not standardized within trauma centers. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to describe the impact of Identification of Seniors at Risk (ISAR) screening on patient outcomes and geriatric evaluations. METHODS: This study used a pre-/postdesign to assess the impact of ISAR screening on patient outcomes and geriatric evaluations in trauma patients 60 years and older, comparing the periods before (2014–2016) and after (2017–2019) screening implementation. RESULTS: Charts for 1,142 patients were reviewed. Comparing pre- to post-ISAR groups, the post-ISAR group with geriatric evaluations were older (M = 82.06, SD = 9.51 vs. M = 83.64, SD = 8.69; p = .026) with higher Injury Severity Scores (M = 9.22, SD = 0.69 vs. M = 9.38, SD = 0.92; p = .001). There was no significant difference in length of stay, intensive care unit length of stay, readmission rate, hospice consults, or inhospital mortality. Inhospital mortality (n = 8/380, 2.11% vs. n = 4/434, 0.92%) and length of stay in hours (M = 136.49, SD = 67.09 vs. M = 132.53, SD = 69.06) down-trended in the postgroup with geriatric evaluation. CONCLUSION: Resources and care coordination efforts can be directed toward specific geriatric screening scores to achieve optimal outcomes. Varying results were found related to outcomes of geriatric evaluations prompting future research.
The Combined Effect of Delirium and Falls on Length of Stay and Discharge

ABSTRACT Introduction: Delirium or a fall are associated with many negative outcomes including increased length of stay (LOS) and discharge to a facility; however, this relationship is incompletely understood. Methods: A cross-sectional study of all hospitalizations in a large, tertiary care hospital evaluated the effect of delirium and a fall on the outcomes of LOS and risk of being discharged to a facility. Results: The study included 29,655 hospital admissions. A total of 3,707 (12.5%) patients screened positive for delirium and 286 (0.96%) had a reported fall. After adjustment for covariates, relative to patients without delirium or a fall, patients with delirium only had a 1.64-fold longer LOS; patients with fall only had a 1.96-fold longer LOS; and patients who had delirium and fall had a 2.84-fold longer LOS. The adjusted odds of discharge to a facility, relative to those without delirium or a fall, was 8.98 times higher in those with delirium and a fall. Conclusions: Delirium and falls influence LOS and likelihood of being discharged to a facility. The joint impact of falls and delirium on LOS and facility discharge was more than additive. Hospitals should consider the integrated management of delirium and falls.
Mechanisms Controlling the Expression and Secretion of BDNF

Brain-derived nerve factor (BDNF), through TrkB receptor activation, is an important modulator for many different physiological and pathological functions in the nervous system. Among them, BDNF plays a crucial role in the development and correct maintenance of brain circuits and synaptic plasticity as well as in neurodegenerative diseases. The proper functioning of the central nervous system depends on the available BDNF concentrations, which are tightly regulated at transcriptional and translational levels but also by its regulated secretion. In this review we summarize the new advances regarding the molecular players involved in BDNF release. In addition, we will address how changes of their levels or function in these proteins have a great impact in those functions modulated by BDNF under physiological and pathological conditions.
The mediating role of teacher self-efficacy in predicting teachers’ research attitudes

ABSTRACT Teachers’ self-efficacy beliefs and research behaviors are critical to both professional development and the quality of instruction. Thus, teachers are expected to accept and apply the research findings generated by educational researchers to solve a classroom, student, or instructional issue. This article aimed to determine teachers’ self-efficacy beliefs and research attitudes and to examine the relationship between these concepts. The study adopted a correlational survey method and was conducted with 459 teachers. Findings revealed that teachers had a high level of self-efficacy and a moderate level of research attitudes. It was intriguing that only teaching level, and not gender, teaching experience, and academic degree, was associated with self-efficacy and research attitudes. A direct relationship was found between teacher self-efficacy and research attitudes. Findings highlight the importance of self-efficacy beliefs, which significantly affect research attitudes, in teachers’ professional development. Implications of the results for teacher development and future studies are discussed.
Narrative Review: Low-Dose Ketamine for Pain Management

Pain is the leading cause of medical consultations and occurs in 50–70% of emergency department visits. To date, several drugs have been used to manage pain. The clinical use of ketamine began in the 1960s and it immediately emerged as a manageable and safe drug for sedation and anesthesia. The analgesic properties of this drug were first reported shortly after its use; however, its psychomimetic effects have limited its use in emergency departments. Owing to the misuse and abuse of opioids in some countries worldwide, ketamine has become a versatile tool for sedation and analgesia. In this narrative review, ketamine’s role as an analgesic is discussed, with both known and new applications in various contexts (acute, chronic, and neuropathic pain), along with its strengths and weaknesses, especially in terms of psychomimetic, cardiovascular, and hepatic effects. Moreover, new scientific evidence has been reviewed on the use of additional drugs with ketamine, such as magnesium infusion for improving analgesia and clonidine for treating psychomimetic symptoms. Finally, this narrative review was refined by the experience of the Pain Group of the Italian Society of Emergency Medicine (SIMEU) in treating acute and chronic pain with acute manifestations in Italian Emergency Departments.
Graph Kernels for Object Classification

Graphs constitute one of the few basic models used to encode structural properties of objects within the pattern recognition field. Definite positive graph kernels encode a similarity measure based on an implicit mapping from the set of graphs to some usually unknown Hilbert space. Graph kernels provide thus an implicit graph embedding hence allowing to combine structural and statistical pattern recognition fields. We propose in this paper, a graph kernel devoted to image indexation and based on oriented neighborhoods. Several heuristics proposed in this paper allow to adapt this kernel to different types of databases. The relevance of the proposed kernel together with the one of these heuristics is validated through several experiments on four public datasets.
Piezotronic, ZnO Overlaid Bragg Grating Organic Vapor Sensors

We present a zinc oxide (ZnO) out-cladding, overlaid optical fiber Bragg grating sensor, for the detection of vapors of common alcohols and acetone at concentrations lower than 25 ppm while operating at room temperature (RT). The optical fiber sensing results indicate a chemostriction effect occurring in the ZnO layer when exposed to volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which in turn induces shifts in the cladding, and most importantly, in the core confined, Bragg mode. The sensor exhibits a maximum sensitivity of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sim $ </tex-math></inline-formula>1 pm/ppm to ethanol vapors, with exposure to other alcohol vapors (isopropanol and methanol) showing lower sensitivities; also, response to acetone vapors was traced at <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sim $ </tex-math></inline-formula>0.5 pm/ppm. X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements of the ZnO nanolayer revealed that, in saturated ethanol vapors atmosphere, the polycrystalline ZnO film undergoes a contraction by 0.6% of the interplanar distance corresponding to the (002) crystalline direction, denoting the chemostrictive effect through an underlying piezotronic mechanism. XRD measurements and optical fiber sensing data are further correlated by numerical simulations carried out, so to study the strain interactions of the ZnO layer with the silica glass optical fiber.
Reflective SOA fiber cavity adaptive laser source for measuring dynamic strains

Smart sensors based on Optical fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) are suitable for structural health monitoring of dynamic strains in civil, aerospace, and mechanical structures. In these structures, dynamic strains with high frequencies reveal acoustic emissions cracking or impact loading. It is necessary to find a practical tool for monitoring such structural damages. In this work, we explore an intelligent system based on a reflective semiconductor optical amplifier (RSOA)- FBG composed as a fiber cavity for measuring dynamic strain in intelligent structures. The ASE light emitted from a RSOA laser and reflected by a FBG is amplified in the fiber cavity and coupled out by a 90:10 coupler, which is demodulated by a low frequency compensated Michelson interferometer using a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller and is monitored via a photodetector. As the wavelength of the FBG shifts due to dynamic strain, the wavelength of the optical output from the laser cavity shifts accordingly, which is demodulated by the Michelson Interferometer. Because the RSOA has a quick transition time, the RSOA- FBG fiber cavity shows an ability of high frequency response to the FBG reflective spectrum shift, with frequency response extending to megahertz.
More Effective Communication During Inpatient Addiction Treatment

In this commentary, the authors argue that historical approaches to inpatient addiction treatment favoring more confrontational, expert-centric, or paternalistic undercurrents continue to permeate the hidden curriculum in medical training. These older approaches unfortunately continue to inform how many trainees learn to approach inpatient addiction treatment. The authors go on to provide several examples of how clinical challenges specific to inpatient addiction treatment can be addressed by employing principles of motivational interviewing, harm reduction, and psychodynamic thought. Key skills are described including accurate reflection, recognition of countertransference, and assisting patients to sit with important dialectics. The authors call for greater training of attending physicians, precepting advanced practice providers, and trainees across these disciplines, as well as further study of whether systematic improvements in such provider communication may alter patient outcomes.
A Synchronous Robotic Resection of Colorectal Cancer and Liver Metastases—Our Initial Experience

Introduction: Synchronous robotic colorectal and liver resection for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is gaining popularity. This case series describes our initial institutional experience. Methods: A retrospective study of synchronous robotic colorectal and liver resections for metastatic colorectal cancer (March 2020 to December 2021). Results: Eight patients underwent synchronous robotic resections. The median age was 59 (45–72), and the median body mass index was 29 (20–33). Seven received neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and five rectal cancers received neoadjuvant radiotherapy. One patient had a low anterior resection with major hepatectomy, two had low anterior resection with minor hepatectomy, and one had abdominoperineal resection with major hepatectomy. One patient had a left colectomy with minor hepatectomy, and two had right colectomies with minor hepatectomy. We used five robotic 8/12 mm ports in all cases. Extraction incisions were Pfannenstiel in four patients, colostomy site in two patients, one perineal incision, and one supra-umbilical incision. The median estimated blood loss was 200 mL (25–500), and the median operative time was 448 min (374–576). There were no intra-operative complications or conversions. Five patients had the liver resection first, and two of six anastomoses were performed before the liver resection. The Median length of stay was 4 days (3–14). There were two post-operative complications, prolonged ileus and DVT, with a Clavien-Dindo complication grade of I and II, respectively. There were no readmissions or reoperations. All colorectal and liver resection margins were negative. Conclusions: Synchronous robotic colorectal and liver resection can be performed effectively utilizing one port configuration with acceptable short-term outcomes and quality of oncologic resection.
Transiting super-Earth exoplanets : search and characterisation

The only way to measure the diameter of a planet outside the Solar System is if it transits its host star. Transit data combined with radial velocity (RV) data give an exoplanet’s mass. Mass and volume yield density, so transits give unique insights into the interior structure of an exoplanet. Super-Earths are a class of exoplanet with masses a few times that of Earth, for which no examples exist in our Solar System. The goals of this thesis: to detect and characterise transits of exoplanets (particularly super-Earths) discovered via RV surveys orbiting bright stars. The observational tool: MOST (Microvariability & Oscillations of STars) a microsatellite housing an optical telescope which can monitor stars with high precision. We searched 12 super-Earth candidate systems, applying special data reduction and analysis techniques. The search gives upper limits on the transit depths of 11 of the planets. For GJ 581 e (innermost planet of an M dwarf system), the 1σ upper limit excludes most transiting configurations for a planet with water ice or H/He compositions. MOST data of HD 97658 rejected a claim of a transit detection in this system. The timely MOST rejection cancelled observatory programmes dedicated to follow up on the transit claim, preventing the waste of valuable time on major facilities. In parallel with the MOST survey, we analysed a decade of groundbased photometry to exclude most transiting configurations for the massive exoplanet HD 192263 b. We showed that the star’s rotation period does not coincide with the planet’s orbital period, as was previously reported. We also find evidence for an 8-year activity cycle in the host star. The twelfth star in the MOST survey is 55 Cancri, whose innermost planet (55 Cnc e) has an orbital period of less than a day and transits the star. We present 42 days of new MOST photometry of this system,
Experimental Observations of Bedload Tracer Movement: Effects of Mixed Particle Sizes and Bedforms

Predicting the transport of bedload tracer particles is a problem of significant theoretical and practical interest. Yet, little understanding exists for transport in rivers in the presence of bedforms, which may trap grains and thereby influence travel distance. In a series of flume experiments with a sandy gravel bed in a large experimental flume, bed elevation and tracer travel distances were measured at high resolution for a range of discharges. As discharge increased, bedform height increased and bedform length decreased, increasing bedform steepness. For all tracer sizes and flow conditions, bedforms act as primary controls on the tracer travel distances. Bedform trapping increases linearly with the ratio of bedform height to tracer grain size, with 50% trapping efficiency for a ratio of two and 90% trapping efficiency for a ratio of four. A theoretical model based on the extended active layer formulation for sediment transport is able to capture much of the distribution of measured travel distances for all tracer sizes and discharges, providing a first connection between tracer transport theory and bedform trapping and indicating normal diffusion of tracers at relatively small timescales. Variable bedform geometry can influence trap efficiency for individual bedforms and the theoretical model can help identify “preferential trapping” conditions. The distribution of tracer travel distances for a mixture of grain sizes and variable discharge, as expected in natural rivers, displays heavy tail characteristics.
The Impact of Nutrition, Physical Activity, Beneficial Microbes, and Fecal Microbiota Transplant for Improving Health

The recognition that microbes are integral to human life has led to studies on how to manipulate them in favor of health outcomes. To date, there has been no conjoint recommendation for the intake of dietary compounds that can complement the ingested organisms in terms of promoting an improved health outcome. The aim of this review is to discuss how beneficial microbes in the form of probiotics, fermented foods, and donor feces are being used to manage health. In addition, we explore the rationale for selecting beneficial microbial strains and aligning diets to accommodate their propagation in the gut. A pilot clinical trial design is presented to examine the effects of probiotics and exercise in patients with phenylketonuria (PKU); it is the most common inborn error of amino acid metabolism, and it is a complication that requires lifelong dietary intervention. The example design is provided to illustrate the importance of using omics technology to see if the intervention elevates neuroactive biogenic amines in the plasma; increases the abundance of Eubacterium rectale, Coprococcus eutactus, Akkermansia muciniphila, or Butyricicoccus; and increases Escherichia/Shigella in the gut, all as markers of improved health. By emphasizing the combined importance of diet, microbial supplements, and the gut microbiome, we hope that future studies will better align these components, not only to improve outcomes, but also to enhance our understanding of the mechanisms.
Membrane Permeability Is Required for the Vasodilatory Effect of Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors in Porcine Retinal Arteries

It has been demonstrated previously that a variety of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) can induce vasodilation in pre-contracted retinal arteriolar segments although with different efficacy and potency. Since the CAIs tested so far are able to permeate cell membranes and inhibit both intracellular and extracellular isoforms of the enzyme, it is not clear whether extra- or intracellular isoforms or mechanisms are mediating their vasodilatory effects. By means of small wire myography, we have tested the effects of four new CAIs on wall tension in pre-contracted retinal arteriolar segments that demonstrably do not enter cell membranes but have high affinity to both cytosolic and membrane-bound isoforms of CA. At concentrations between 10−6 M to 10−3 M, none of the four membrane impermeant CAIs had any significant effect on arteriolar wall tension, while the membrane permeant CAI benzolamide (10−3 M) fully dilated all arteriolar segments tested. This suggests that CAI act as vasodilators through cellular mechanisms located in the cytoplasm of vascular cells.
Sur la transformation de Fourier-Laurent dans un groupe analytique complexe réductif

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Potentials of NaOH modified agricultural waste of sorghum bagasse for lead (II) removal from aqueous solution: kinetics, isotherm and thermodynamic studies

ABSTRACT The removal of lead from water and wastewater is a serious term for protecting the public and the environmental. Herein, an agriculture waste of sorghum bagasse modified with NaOH was used to adsorb Pb(II) from an aqueous solution. The modified sorghum bagasse (MSB) was characterised by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) method and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). MSB with NaOH shows smoother, increasing porosity and pore size (mesopore). In a batch system, the parameter adsorption was investigated. The adsorption of Pb(II) by the adsorbents was optimum at pH 5.0, contact time: 15 min, adsorbent dosage: 6 g L−1 and initial concentration: 80 mg L−1. The pseudo second-order model was suitable to describe the kinetic of the process with the diffusion model of the Elovich model. Meanwhile, the adsorption isotherm model was suitable with the Langmuir model and gives a maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) 12.29 mg g−1. The Gibbs free energy was negative, and the enthalpy was negative, indicating the adsorption was a spontaneous and exothermic process. These results indicated that the MSB had potentially become an efficient, sustainable and low-cost adsorbent for Pb(II) uptake from an aqueous solution.
Research on Medium-term Momentum Effect and Reversal Effect of The Science and Technology Innovation Board Stock

Since the opening of the Science and Technology Innovation Board(STAR Market) in 2019, it not only plays an important role in the strategic layout of science and technology development of China, but also has been widely concerned by investors, who have generated the demand to study the stock price trend of the stocks affiliated to the STAR Market. Because the listed companies on the Science and Technology Innovation Board involve relatively concentrated industries, have relatively close listing time and operate in a similar environment, their stock price trends show similar characteristics. Based on the characteristics of the stocks in the STAR Market, this paper sampled and grouped the STAR Market stocks according to the medium-term observation data, and formed an arbitrage portfolio to explore the momentum effect and reversal effect within 3-12 months. This study provides ideas for constructing feasible investment strategies.
Detecting Fake News Using Machine Learning

Fake news has had a significant effect on society and politics. To aid in combating the spread of misinformation, we worked to develop a machine learning algorithm that could detect fake news based on textual data. We used a count vectorizer to vectorize our text which we then inputted into Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Linear Support Vector Classifier (SVC) models. The greatest accuracy score achieved was 99.97% with the Linear SVC. We discovered however that there was a significant difference in how the real and fake news datasets were constructed that would not translate into real life: the true news articles contained quotation marks, apostrophes, and dashes while these characters were not present in the fake news articles. Because of this, we also developed a more applicable Logistic Regression model removing these specific characters from the dataset all together with an accuracy score of 98.4%.