Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Idiomaticity of English and Arabic Multi-Word Verbs in Literary Works: A Semantic Contrastive Study

The current study is mainly concerned with a linguistic contrastive analysis of one specific feature of grammar and vocabulary in both English and Arabic languages, which is an integration of lexical verbs with adverbial and/or prepositional particle(s), which are widely known as multi-word verbs in the English novel (East of Eden) by John Steinbeck (1952) and the Arabic novel (Palace of Desire) [Qasr Alshawq] by Naguib Mahfuz (1957). Furthermore, the study seeks to demonstrate that there are basic similarities and differences between English and Arabic multi-word verbs. Such parallels and differences are examined in depth through a theoretical comparison of these combinations in both languages and analysis of the aforementioned novels. The current study is divided into five sections: It begins with an introductory one in which the concept of multi-word verbs is introduced in both languages, followed by the objectives, research question, hypothesis, procedures, study limitations, and importance of the study. The second section is devoted to the theoretical underpinnings of multi-word verbs in English and Arabic, respectively. It explains that an English multi-word verb is a combination of two or three items (verb + adverb, verb + preposition, and verb + adverb + preposition) that works as a single unit of meaning in that its meaning cannot be deduced from the sum of its individual components' meanings. The semantic attributes include the following characteristics: they are classified as non-idiomatic, semi-idiomatic, or idiomatic MWVs, with meanings ranging from the most non-idiomatic to the most idiomatic. The idiomatic type can be replaced with a one-word synonym. Furthermore, the particle has a significant impact on the meaning of the verb with which it is combined, in the sense that they fuse together and sacrifice their essential meanings to generate a new semantic unit. Finally, EMWVs exhibit polysemy in that every idiomatic MWV can have up to ten or more various interpretations depending on the context in which it is employed. Section three is intended to outline the methods used in data analysis, while Section four is an examination of the target verbs in the above mentioned novel. Finally, part five presents the conclusions, findings, and recommendations for further research. The current data analysis employs Quirk et al. (1985) and Celce-Murcia and Larsen-Freeman (1999) as a theoretical model for the examination of English multi-word verbs in Steinbeck's English novel (East of Eden). While Wright (1996) is also used as a theoretical model for analyzing Arabic multi-word verbs in Mahfuz's Arabic novel (Palace of Desire) [qasr alshawq]. Furthermore, Cowie (1993) is used as a practical model for MWV analysis in both languages.
Does Internal Control Reduce Firms’ Stock Price Crash Risk? Evidence from China

Under a unique setting in China, the success of internal control is dependent upon whether the informational and disciplinary role it serves effectively manages risks. Using the data from the China Stock Market & Accounting Research database and Dibo databases, the relationship between internal control and stock price crash risk of the firms is investigated. Our empirical results from the regression model show that there is a negative correlation between the price crash risk and the internal control. After two robustness checks, including alternative measures and multi-fixed effects model analysis , the same results are obtained as before. Furthermore, our heterogeneity analysis shows that the effect of internal control is much more significant on small-cap firms and firms with low institutional ownership. Collectively, our findings suggest that the importance of internal control on firm governance helps reduce stock price crash risk.
Towards Body Language Investigation: A Contrastive Survey of Uncovering Areas of Convergences and Divergences between English and Arabic Facial Expressions

Nonverbal communication is of various realizations across the world's languages where body language (henceforth BL) is one of its manifestations. The present study is concerned with investigating BL in standard English and standard Arabic to uncover the areas of convergences and divergences of facial expressions. The study is based on three hypotheses. First, some facial expressions tend to have the same forms and meanings in both languages. Second, due to cultural differences, some English facial expressions are probably absent in Arabic and vice versa. Third, when English-speaking people communicate, they are likely to use facial expressions more than Arabs are. However, the data collected from both languages depend on a variety of sources that belong to different fields of knowledge (e.g. sociology, psychology, anthropology, linguistics and communication). After the data analysis carried out in the light of an eclectic model based on Van Els et al. (1984) and R. Lado (1957), the following conclusions were drawn. First, it has been remarked that some BL aspects have the same form in both languages, but they convey different meanings. Further, some have the same meaning in these two languages, but their forms are different. Second, because of the cultures and languages interaction, some facial expressions transfer from one language into another. Third, facial expressions are considered to have the crucial role in communication because people look at each others' faces when they communicate. Fourth, it has been found out that one of the similarities between both languages is that some aspects of BL have been noticed to be similar in form and meaning alike. Accordingly, the first hypothesis has been accepted. Fifth, the theoretical investigation has indicated that owing to cultural differences between both languages, some BL aspects have remained absent in Arabic or in English. This has verified hypothesis No. 2. Sixth, depending on the statistics of using BL by English-speaking people and Arabic-speaking people in the present study, one can conclude that English people use bodily movements (especially facial expressions) more than Arabs do because they believe that their language enjoys sanctity due to the fact that the Glorious Qur'an is written down in it. Notwithstanding the evidence, they stick to use it verbally and tend to minimize the nonverbal use of language. This has given rise to the higher frequency use of the spoken form by Arabic native speakers. This leads to verify the third hypothesis. Seventh, one cannot figure out the BL aspects in his native language unless s/he investigates them. Therefore, some forms and meanings of Arabic BL aspects seem strange to Arabic-speaking people, but in fact they are Arabic BL aspects.
Tuberculin skin tests following Bacille Calmette Guerin vaccination in Africa: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

Tuberculin reactivity following tuberculin skin test which is the most common measure of the effect of the Bacille Calmette Guerin (BCG) vaccination has remained complex. This protocol is aimed to assess the effect of BCG vaccine on tuberculin skin test in Africa as a guide to better understanding or resolving this complexity. A search strategy is developed using MeSH, key words, text words, and entry terms. Five databases will be searched, including PubMed, African Journals Online (AJOL), Google Scholar, Research Gate, and Cochrane Library. Only observational studies conducted in Sub-Saharan Africa and retrievable in English language will be included. The primary measurable outcome of this study is pooled prevalence of positive tuberculin skin tests. Secondary outcomes are factors that influence Tuberculin Skin Test (TST) positivity such as BCG type, the dose of BCG, age at BCG vaccinates, time/interval between BCG vaccination and TST, and type of tuberculin unit used for TST. Identified studies will be screened and selected based on inclusion criteria. Data will be extracted into Zotero, Microsoft Excel and CMA software. Both quality scores and the risk of bias for individual studies will be reported. Studies will be assessed for methodological, clinical, and statistical heterogeneity. Funnel Plots will be used for assessing publication bias. The results will be presented in tabular format in addition to a narrative synthesis. The pooled prevalence of effect of BCG vaccine on TST in Africa will be examined in relation to factors that influence TST positivity.
An appraisal of pattern and presentation of gynaecological malignancies in Bowen University Teaching Hospital, Southwest Nigeria

Background: Gynaecological malignancies are cancers that occur in or on a woman's reproductive organs and genitals which includes the vulva, vagina, cervix, uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. The prevalence of gynaecological malignancies varies from one country to another. The factors responsible for the observed variance includes lifestyle, dietary pattern, level of education and the sophistication of health care system. This study aims to identify the pattern and clinical presentations of gynaecological malignancies at Bowen University Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso over a five-year period.Methods: This was a retrospective study involving one hundred and twenty-three (123) patients with a histological diagnosis of gynecological malignancy.Results: Patients with gynaecological malignancies accounted for 3.6% of the patients seen in the period under review. Majority of these patients were multiparous and between the age range of 50 and 69 years. The commonest form of gynaecological malignancy seen was cervical cancer.Conclusion: Health care programs and policies that strengthen public awareness campaigns, health education and health promotion like human papilloma virus vaccination and follow up surveillance will help to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with gynaecological malignancies. Keywords: appraisal, pattern, presentation, gynaecological malignancies
Prior exposure to weathered oil influences foraging of an ecologically important saltmarsh resident fish

Estuarine ecosystem balance typically relies on strong food web interconnectedness dependent on a relatively low number of resident taxa, presenting a potential ecological vulnerability to extreme ecosystem disturbances. Following the Deepwater Horizon (DwH) oil spill disaster of the northern Gulf of Mexico (USA), numerous ecotoxicological studies showed severe species-level impacts of oil exposure on estuarine fish and invertebrates, yet post-spill surveys found little evidence for severe impacts to coastal populations, communities, or food webs. The acknowledgement that several confounding factors may have limited researchers’ abilities to detect negative ecosystem-level impacts following the DwH spill drives the need for direct testing of weathered oil exposure effects on estuarine residents with high trophic connectivity. Here, we describe an experiment that examined the influence of previous exposure to four weathered oil concentrations (control: 0.0 L oil m−2; low: 0.1 L oil m−2; moderate: 0.5–1 L oil m−2; high: 3.0 L oil m−2) on foraging rates of the ecologically important Gulf killifish (Fundulus grandis). Following exposure in oiled saltmarsh mesocosms, killifish were allowed to forage on grass shrimp (Palaeomonetes pugio) for up to 21 h. We found that previous exposure to the high oil treatment reduced killifish foraging rate by ~37% on average, compared with no oil control treatment. Previous exposure to the moderate oil treatment showed highly variable foraging rate responses, while low exposure treatment was similar to unexposed responses. Declining foraging rate responses to previous high weathered oil exposure suggests potential oil spill influence on energy transfer between saltmarsh and off-marsh systems. Additionally, foraging rate variability at the moderate level highlights the large degree of intraspecific variability for this sublethal response and indicates this concentration represents a potential threshold of oil exposure influence on killifish foraging. We also found that consumption of gravid vs non-gravid shrimp was not independent of prior oil exposure concentration, as high oil exposure treatment killifish consumed ~3× more gravid shrimp than expected. Our study findings highlight the sublethal effects of prior oil exposure on foraging abilities of ecologically valuable Gulf killifish at realistic oil exposure levels, suggesting that important trophic transfers of energy to off-marsh systems may have been impacted, at least in the short-term, by shoreline oiling at highly localized scales. This study provides support for further experimental testing of oil exposure effects on sublethal behavioral impacts of ecologically important estuarine species, due to the likelihood that some ecological ramifications of DwH on saltmarshes likely went undetected.
A Compact Full 90° Cone-Metric-Space Beam-Scanning Antenna Array Using Resonant-Type Phase-Shifters

A compact and cost-effective antenna array that enables a 2-D full 90° cone-metric-space beam-scanning is designed in this article. To achieve this unique function, a resonant-type phase-shifter, which is characterized by small size and large phase-shifting ability, is proposed. Primary and secondary feed networks are designed in series configurations, in which resonant-type phase-shifters are periodically inserted. The beam-scanning of this antenna array is solely controlled by frequency in one dimension, while it is controlled by a combination of frequency and resonant-type phase-shifter in the other dimension. A validation is demonstrated by a $6\times12$ antenna array prototype operating from 4.45 to 4.95 GHz. Measurement results indicate a full 360° scanning range in the azimuth plane and a ±45° scanning range in the elevation plane. When the beam is toward the broadside direction, the radiation efficiency is estimated to be around 29%, while measured sidelobe levels (SLLs) are smaller than −19 dB in both E-plane and H-plane. Thanks for the proposed control mechanism of simplified 2-D beam-scanning, this method is considered cost-effective and very suitable to be deployed in low-cost systems.
Phytochemical Screening and Identification of Active Ingredients in Nerium (Nerium
oleander) L. and Lantana (Lantana camara)

Powdered leaves of Nerium oleander L. and Lantana camara were screened for detection of saponins, glycosides, terpenes, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, and cyanogenic glycosides. The results of the qualitative analysis and phytochemical screening profiles indicated that, most of the natural tested products are presented in N. oleander L leave extracts, for L. camara, most of the natural products tested for are present except saponins and glycosides. The chemical compositions of the leaf ethanol extract of N. oleander and L. camara were investigated using gas chromatography –mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Analysis of N.oleander leaf ethanol extract revealed the existence of twenty two components identified, of them 4-0-methylmannose, Squalene, n-hexadecanoic acid, vitamin E; 3,5-dimethoxyacetophenone; 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid and benzofuran-2, 3-dihydro, represent 35.92%, 14.72%, 11.10%, 7,57%, 7.13%, 6.84 %, 3.19%, respectively, the other components were ranged from 1.3 to 1.97 %. While L. camara major chemical component were found to be forty two of them, caryophyllene bicycle (3, 1, 0) hexane, 4-methylene-1-(1-methyl-lhumulene, bicycle (3, 1, 0) hexane-6-methanol,2-hydro, eucalyptol, caryophyllene oxide, represent 21.47%,11.68 %,10.93 %,9.75% 8.97%, 8.03%, respectively, the other components were ranged from ,1.1 to 3.53 % .
Developing a project plan through a standardized model for a non-organizational project : Case: Producing an album for SØNE

Project management is considered as a universally applicable theory stretching beyond the industries with its standardized models reinforced by the Project Management Institute. It is increasingly incorporated in the companies as a way to structure work. The thesis serves as a guideline and a tool to assist both the author and the artist in developing a project plan for producing an artist’s album. The thesis applies the qualitative method in the case project. The literature review includes chapters concerning project management, project context and processes and how to build a project plan. Secondary information is collected through various sources with a focus on the research concerning the standardized model of project management. The empirical part utilizes project planning tools and knowledge gathered in the literature review to build a project plan through unstructured interviews and participant observation method.The thesis displays how the initiation and planning phases are carried out in the project with a concrete example of the case project. As the nature of the case project is artistic and small scale project, the amount and selection of tools and scale of planning is applied accordingly. The findings of the study outlined an appropriate scope for the project, the main area being the producing of a full album, and two sub-areas as a promotion of the artist and efficient networking. The main benefits were identified to track the success of the project and were related to increased efficiency of producing songs and networking and increased presence in social media. The activities to deliver all the areas of scope and benefits were identified through the use of the critical success factor triangle and table as well as work breakdown structure. The control specification table outlined all control methods to be applied during the project implementation including schedule, budget, resource plan and promotion plan.
Introduction

ISSN: 1386-9795 (Print) 1741-5918 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline. com/loi/rpex20 Introduction Krzysztof Dołęga, Luke Roelofs & Tobias Schlicht To cite this article: Krzysztof Dołęga, Luke Roelofs & Tobias Schlicht (2018) Introduction, Philosophical Explorations, 21:2, 179-186, DOI: 10.1080/13869795.2018. 1479440 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/13869795.2018. 1479440
The Application of Business Analytics in the Era of Big Data

With the advent of the big data era, data-based business analytics is more and more widely used in all industries, in which banking with the loan business is one of the most important businesses. In order to conduct more intelligent risk control, banks often build prediction models based on loan records to assess whether future clients will default on loans, and the factors generally considered include income level, loan amount, interest rate, etc. This ultimately helps banks to optimize the loan business, avoid credit risks, and reduce losses. This paper focuses on the solutions of choosing appropriate prediction models, classifying the clients, and predicting their defaults. It clarifies the four-step framework of business analytics in the first part. Then this paper introduces three typical statistical analysis models, including the logistic regression model, the decision tree and random forest model, and the K-mean cluster model. The bank loan risk control dataset includes 20,000 borrowers and the details of personal information and loan information. Based on the dataset, the best prediction results are obtained using a random forest model that area under the curve is 0.741 and the clients are divided into four clusters. The logistic regression indicates a negative coefficient between the annual income and the default, while the coefficients are positive between other factors, like the loan amount and the interest rate and the default. In practical application, these models can be combined to give full play to their advantages and make a better prediction.
Co-simulation of high-speed train fluid-structure interaction dynamics in crosswinds

A co-simulation method of a high-speed train fluid-structure interaction is presented based on the vehicle-track coupling dynamics and aerodynamics. The datum communication of fluid solver and structure solver is avoided by inserting the program of vehicle-track coupling dynamics into the dynamics program.Besides,the linear interpolation is applied to the aerodynamics of fluid-structure interface during iterations and the iteration time steps could be not the same.Therefore,the calculation efficiency is improved.With this method,the fluid-structure dynamics of a high-speed train are simulated under the case that the velocity of crosswind is 13.8 m/s and the running speed of train is 350 km/h.The aerodynamics,attitude,safety and comfortable indexes of train are compared under the off-line simulation and the co-simulation.Considering the fluid-structure interaction,results show that there has significant influence on the head aerodynamics and attitude.Besides,the safety indexes of head are worse and the phenomena of climbing derailment towards the lee side is appeared.However,there is little difference in the comfortable index of the whole train.
Adaptive and Progressive Multispectral Image Demosaicking

Common consumer RGB cameras use a single image sensor to capture RGB color images with a color filter array (CFA) placed in front of the image sensor. This system captures particularly one color sample (<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$R$</tex-math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$G$</tex-math></inline-formula>, or <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$B$</tex-math></inline-formula>) at each pixel location. This captured raw image is called a CFA image. The CFA demosaicking is used then to construct the complete color image. A similar approach of working with a single image sensor and extension of CFA to multispectral filter array (MSFA) enables us to develop a low-cost multispectral camera with the help of MSFA demosaicking. However, due to many spectral bands and their very sparse sampling, extending CFA demosaicking to MSFA demosaicking is not easy. This paper proposes an adaptive and progressive MSFA demosaicking method for various MSFA patterns for 5 to 15 bands multispectral images. Binary tree-based MSFA patterns are used to create MSFA images, and these MSFA patterns can be designed for any N-band MSFA image. The spectral bands are arranged specifically so that the middle band has the highest probability of appearance (PoA) in the MSFA pattern. The middle band is interpolated first using PoA based progressive adaptive interpolation, and the modified bilinear spectral difference method is used to estimate all other spectral bands with the interpolated middle band’s help. Experimental results and comparative analysis on two different datasets reveal that our proposed MSFA demosaicking method outperforms the existing generic MSFA demosaicking methods in terms of computational time and various image quality metrics considered.
Distribuição de renda e regime de crescimento econômico no Brasil: avaliação e propostas

RESUMO O objetivo do artigo é analisar o regime de crescimento brasileiro no período 2000-2015, levando-se em consideração a distribuição pessoal e funcional da renda. Em termos teóricos, seguimos o modelo neokaleckiano aumentado proposto por Palley (2016). Em termos empíricos, utiliza-se a metodologia de vetores autorregressivos. Os resultados mostram os efeitos positivos da redução da desigualdade em termos dos rendimentos do trabalho e da desigualdade interpessoal da renda sobre a acumulação de capital e a demanda agregada. A partir dos resultados, argumentamos em prol da adoção de um modelo de crescimento que seja capaz de conciliar distribuição de renda e políticas de incentivo às exportações.