Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intravenous thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke after antagonization of unfractionated heparin with protamine: case series and systematic review of literature

Background and aims: Intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) is standard of care for disabling acute ischemic stroke (AIS) within a time window of ⩽ 4.5 h. Some AIS patients cannot be treated with IVT due to limiting contraindications, including heparin usage in an anticoagulating dose within the past 24 h or an elevated activated prothrombin time (aPTT) > 15 s. Protamine is a potent antidote to unfractionated heparin. Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the safety and efficacy of IVT in AIS patients after antagonization of unfractionated heparin with protamine. Methods: Patients from our stroke center (between January 2015 and September 2021) treated with IVT after heparin antagonization with protamine were analyzed. National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was used for stroke severity and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) for outcome assessment. Substantial neurological improvement was defined as the difference between admission and discharge NIHSS of ⩾8 or discharge NIHSS of ⩽1. Good outcome at follow-up after 3 months was defined as mRS 0–2. Safety data were obtained for mortality, symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH), and for adverse events due to protamine. Second, a systematic review was performed searching PubMed and Scopus for studies and case reviews presenting AIS patients treated with IVT after heparin antagonization with protamine. The search was limited from January 1, 2011 to September 29, 2021. Furthermore, we conducted a propensity score matching comparing protamine-treated patients to a control IVT group without protamine (ratio 2:1, match tolerance 0.2). Results: A total of 16 patients, 5 treated in our hospital and 11 from literature, [65.2 ± 13.1 years, 37.5% female, median premorbid mRS (pmRS) 1 (IQR 1, 4)] treated with IVT after heparin antagonization using protamine were included and compared to 31 IVT patients [76.2 ± 10.9 years, 45% female, median pmRS 1 (IQR 0, 2)]. Substantial neurological improvement was evident in 68.8% of protamine-treated patients versus 38.7% of control patients (p = 0.028). Good clinical outcome at follow-up was observed in 56.3% versus 58.1% of patients (p = 0.576). No adverse events due to protamine were reported, one patient suffered sICH after secondary endovascular thrombectomy of large vessel occlusion. Mortality was 6.3% versus 22.6% (p = 0.236). Conclusion: IVT after heparin antagonization with protamine seems to be safe and, prospectively, may extend the number of AIS patients who can benefit from reperfusion treatment using IVT. Further prospective registry trials would be helpful to further investigate the clinical applicability of heparin antagonization.
Rotation driven plasma transport: The coupling of macroscopic motion and microdiffusion

The model of Pontius et al. (1986) for plasma transport in a corotation-dominated magnetosphere is modified to satisfy observational constraints introduced by Richardson and McNutt (1987). As in the earlier model, small discrete flux tubes whose plasma content differs significantly from the longitudinally averaged value (transient flux tubes) move steadily under the influence of the centrifugal force. We consider the electric fields surrounding a transient flux tube of elliptical cross section and derive expressions for the translational velocity and cross-sectional distortion of such flux tubes. To account for the observed radial decrease of flux shell content at Jupiter, we assume that plasma can pass between transient flux tubes and the background by means of single-particle microdiffusion. The background plasma distribution is affected by the passage of a transient in two ways: direct mass loading through microdiffusion, and radial displacement to conserve magnetic flux. Upon adopting a simple form to describe the microdiffusion process, we find that there exists a particular slope of flux shell plasma content for which these effects cancel and the background maintains a steady state distribution.
On the exponential exit law in the small parameter exit problem

We consider the diffusion dw in a domain D which contains a unique asymptotically stable critical point of the ODE . Using probabilistic estimates we prove the following: 1) The Principle eigenfunction of the differential generator for tghe process x(t converges to a constant as ∊→0, boundedly in D and uniformly on compacts. 2) If τ D is the exit time of x(t) from D, then λτ D converges in distribution to an exponential random variable with mean 1. (λ is the principle eigenvalue). Both of these results were known previosuly in the special case of a gradient flow: . Our arguments apply in the general non-gradient case.
Trial in progress: A phase 2, multicenter, open-label study of DKN-01 in combination with tislelizumab and chemotherapy as 1L therapy in patients with unresectable, locally advanced or metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (G/GEJ; DisTinGuish).

TPS484 Background: Advanced G/GEJ cancer is a major cause of cancer-related mortality requiring novel therapies. DKN-01 is a humanized mAb that binds and neutralizes DKK1. DKK1 plays a major role in WNT-pathway regulation and is overexpressed in multiple cancers. DKK1 expression is associated with poor prognosis, an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, and resistance to chemotherapy in G/GEJ cancer. The non-randomized Part A of DisTinGuish demonstrated durable clinical benefit in patients with G/GEJ adenocarcinoma. Higher response rates were observed in patients with high tumoral DKK1 expression, when DKN-01 was administered in combination with an anti-PD1 mAb, tislelizumab, and chemotherapy1,2. Furthermore, in Part B, durable responses were seen in 2L patients with DKK1-high G/GEJ cancers treated with a chemotherapy-free doublet regimen, DKN-01 plus tislelizumab1. Part C will evaluate the efficacy of this chemoimmunotherapy combination in a randomized fashion in treatment-naïve G/GEJ adenocarcinoma patients. Methods: Part C is an ongoing, global, randomized phase 2 open-label study evaluating DKN-01 in combination with tislelizumab + chemotherapy (CAPOX or mFOLFOX6) vs tislelizumab + chemotherapy in patients with advanced G/GEJ adenocarcinoma. Patients are randomized 1:1 and stratified by DKK1 and PD-L1 expression. Approximately 160 patients will be enrolled from 5 different countries. Key inclusion criteria include patients with HER2 negative, G/GEJ adenocarcinoma who have received no prior systemic treatment in the unresectable locally advanced/metastatic setting and can provide tumor tissue to document PD-L1 CPS and DKK1 expression, as performed at a central lab. Key exclusion criteria include prior treatment with anti-PD1/L1/L2. The primary endpoint is PFS according to RECIST v1.1 as assessed by the investigator in patients with DKK1-high tumors. Key secondary and exploratory end points include PFS, OS, ORR, DoR in patients with tumors with any level of DKK1 expression, as assessed by both investigator and by blinded, central review. Recruitment is ongoing. Clinical trial information: NCT04363801 . References SJ Klempner, et al. DKN-01 and tislelizumab ± chemotherapy as a first-line (1L) and second-line (2L) investigational therapy in advanced gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma (GEA): DisTinGuish Trial. JCO 40, no. 4_suppl, 2022, 292-292. SJ Klempner, et al. DKN-01 and Tislelizumab + Chemotherapy as First-line (1L) Investigational Therapy in Advanced Gastroesophageal Adenocarcinoma (GEA): DisTinGuish Trial. ESMO Annual Meeting September 2022. Clinical trial information: NCT04363801 .
Bleb-related Porcine Lymphatic Outflow is Greater from Subconjunctival compared to Subtenon Blebs

Abstract Aim Understanding the mechanism of fluid outflow by comparing the subconjunctival and subtenon spaces can lead to improved ocular therapeutics. The purpose of the current study is to evaluate subconjunctival vs subtenon lymphatic outflow by creating tracer-filled blebs in each location. Methods Porcine (n = 20) eyes received subconjunctival or subtenon injection(s) of fixable and fluorescent dextrans. Blebs were angiographically imaged using a Heidelberg Spectralis ([Heidelberg Retina Angiograph] HRA + OCT; Heidelberg Engineering) and bleb-related lymphatic outflow pathways were counted. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging of these pathways was used to assess structural lumens and the presence of valve-like structures. Furthermore, a comparison between tracer injection locations (superior/inferior/temporal/nasal) was made. Histologic analyses for subconjunctival and subtenon outflow pathways were performed, to confirm tracer co-localization with molecular lymphatic markers. Results Subconjunctival blebs demonstrated a greater number of lymphatic outflow pathways compared to subtenon blebs in every quadrant [superior: 6.10 ± 1.18 (subconjunctival) vs 0.50 ± 0.27 (subtenon); temporal: 2.30 ± 0.40 vs 0.10 ± 0.10; nasal: 5.30 ± 0.60 vs 0.30 ± 0.21; inferior: 6.00 ±1.29 vs 0.1 ± 0.1; all comparisons p < 0.001]. For subconjunctival blebs, the temporal quadrant showed fewer lymphatic outflow pathways compared to the nasal side (p = 0.005). Discussion Subconjunctival blebs accessed greater lymphatic outflow compared to subtenon blebs. Furthermore, regional differences existed, with fewer lymphatic vessels temporal than at the other locations. Clinical significance Aqueous humor drainage after glaucoma surgery is incompletely understood. The present manuscript adds to our understanding of how lymphatics might influence filtration bleb function. How to cite this article Lee JY, Strohmaier CA, Akiyama G, et al. Bleb-related Porcine Lymphatic Outflow Is Greater from Subconjunctival compared to Subtenon Blebs. J Curr Glaucoma Pract 2022;16(3):144-151.
Structural and optical studies of nitrogen incorporation into GaSb-based GaInSb quantum wells

We investigate the incorporation of nitrogen into (Ga,In)Sb grown on GaSb and report room temperature photoluminescence from GaInSb(N) quantum wells. X-ray diffraction and channeling nuclear reaction analysis, together with Rutherford backscattering, were employed to identify the optimal molecular beam epitaxial growth conditions that minimized the incorporation of non-substitutional nitrogen into GaNSb. Consistent with this hypothesis, GaInSb(N) quantum wells grown under the conditions that minimized non-substitutional nitrogen exhibited room temperature photoluminescence, indicative of significantly improved radiative efficiency. Further development of this material system could enable type-I laser diodes emitting throughout the (3-5 μm) wavelength range.
Line-edge roughness and the ultimate limits of lithography

In this paper, a stochastic modeling approach is used to predict the results of the exposure and post-exposure bake of a chemically amplified photoresist. The statistics of photon shot noise, chemical concentration, exposure, reaction-diffusion, and amplification are derived. The result, though preliminary, is a prediction of the standard deviation of the final deprotection level of polymer molecules in the resist using simple, analytical expressions. Combining this result with ongoing work to characterize the stochastics of resist development will eventually lead to a full model of the line-edge roughness of a resist feature. The current model is used to elucidate the impact of acid diffusion on line-edge roughness.
The Problem of Evil from a Decolonial Viewpoint

In this article, we contest the idea that evil does not exist, or that it is a mistaken grasp of reality to contend that evil exists. We analyze two versions of this argument: the 'orchestra argument' and the 'mystical argument. ' In common, these arguments contend that those who affirm the existence of evil in the world have a limited view of reality. We argue that these views are either over-abstract from reality or do not offer a plausible approach to the problem of evil. We then advance a decolonial perspective on evil. According to the perspective advanced here, evil is conceptualized as a phenomenon that diminishes life. We contend this view provides a better account of how to understand evil.
A Revised Estimate of Early Pliocene Global Mean Sea Level Using Geodynamic Models of the Patagonian Slab Window

Paleoshorelines serve as measures of ancient sea level and ice volume but are affected by solid Earth deformation including processes such as glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) and mantle dynamic topography (DT). The early Pliocene Epoch is an important target for sea‐level reconstructions as it contains information about the stability of ice sheets during a climate warmer than today. Along the southeastern passive margin of Argentina, three paleoshorelines date to early Pliocene times (4.8–5.5 Ma), and their variable present‐day elevations (36–180 m) reflect a unique topographic deformation signature. We use a mantle convection model to back‐advect present‐day buoyancy variations, including those that correspond to the Patagonian slab window. Varying the viscosity and initial tomography‐derived mantle buoyancy structures allows us to compute a suite of predictions of DT change that, when compared to GIA‐corrected shoreline elevations, makes it possible to identify both the most likely convection parameters and the most likely DT change. Our simulations illuminate an interplay of upwelling asthenosphere through the Patagonian slab window and coincident downwelling of the subducted Nazca slab in the mantle transition zone. This flow leads to differential upwarping of the southern Patagonian foreland since early Pliocene times, in line with the observations. Using our most likely DT change leads to an estimate of global mean sea level of 17.5 ± 6.4 m (1σ) in the early Pliocene Epoch. This confirms that sea level was significantly higher than present and can be used to calibrate ice sheet models.
Financial Development, Real Estate Investment and Economic Growth

ABSTRACT In recent years, China’s economic growth has shown a continuous downward trend, but the financial industry’s added value as a percentage of GDP and the financial development level have continued to rise, and real estate investment still maintains a relatively high proportion of total fixed asset investment in society. Taking financial development as the starting point, which is measured by the balance of loans from financial institutions as a percentage of GDP, this paper selects China’s provincial panel data from 2003 to 2017, and uses the system generalized method of moments to empirically study how financial development affects real estate investment and economic growth. The results reveal that financial development pushes up the proportion of real estate investment in fixed asset investment but has a negative impact on economic growth. The increase in the proportion of real estate investment promotes economic growth and plays a masking effect on the suppression of economic growth by financial development. Further analysis shows that financial development affects the growth of the real economy by restraining the development of the secondary industry and increasing real estate investment is conducive to alleviating the restraining effect of financial development on the growth of the real economy.
ZnTe: A potential interlayer to form low resistance back contacts in CdS/CdTe solar cells

We studied the structural and electronic properties of the ZnTe/CdTe(100) interface with reflection high‐energy electron diffraction and angle‐resolved synchrotron radiation photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). ZnTe overlayers grown at 300 °C on CdTe(100) were fully strained and pseudomorphic up to ≊16 A. Beyond this coverage the ZnTe film starts to gradually relax the 6.6% in‐plane lattice strain. Complete relaxation is reached at a ZnTe coverage of ∼300 A. A valence‐band offset of ΔEv=0.00±0.05 eV was measured with ARPES at the Γ point. This propitious band lineup may allow for the use of a ZnTe intermediate layer at metal/CdTe structures to induce ohmic back contacts in CdS/CdTe heterojunction solar cells.
Violation of matter‐antimatter symmetry

A small matter‐antimatter asymmetry of the weak force was experimentally established. This CP violation may be related to the small excess of matter from the big bang. The nature of CP violation in the K0 system has been clarified after 35 years of experimentation: it is due to a small part of the weak interaction (“milliweak interaction”). A non‐trivial phase in the weak quark mixing matrix generates “direct CP violation” in the weak Hamiltonian. The experiments demonstrating direct CP violation are discussed.
Low error operation of a 4 stage single flux quantum shift register built with Y-Ba-Cu-O bicrystal Josephson junctions

We fabricated a 4 stage single flux quantum shift register with YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub x/ (YBCO) bicrystal Josephson junctions and demonstrated the circuit's low error operation by using a computer controlled digital measurement set-up. The circuit was operated at 65 K. Binary data sequences of "1000", "1010", "1011," and "1111" were successfully loaded and shifted in the circuit. The two read SQUIDs placed next to each side of the shift register were used to sense all the individual data states. By operating the circuit with the proper current pulses, we observed no errors during 16 hours, which is equivalent to 21,000 error-free data shifts. We also found that temperature dependent inductance and junction critical currents limit the operating temperature range of the circuit, and the effective thermal noise temperature can be lower than 100 K.
Multistage Sampling Designs and Estimating Equations

In some applications it is cost efficient to sample data in two or more stages. In the first stage a simple random sample is drawn and then stratified according to some easily measured attribute. In each subsequent stage a random subset of previously selected units is sampled for more detailed and costly observation, with a unit’s sampling probability determined by its attributes as observed in the previous stages. This paper describes multistage sampling designs and estimating equations based on the resulting data. Maximum likelihood estimates (MLEs) and their asymptotic variances are given for designs using parametric models. Horvitz–Thompson estimates are introduced as alternatives to MLEs, their asymptotic distributions are derived and their strengths and weaknesses are evaluated. The designs and the estimates are illustrated with data on corn production.
Entropy, Markov processes and Boltzmann's H-theorem

Consider a Markov chain with a finite number of states E1,…,En and a transition matrix, (Pij), of probabilities of transition from state Ej to state Ei which is such that after some fixed finite number of steps, any state is accessible from any initial state. Such a chain is said to be completely regular and it is easy to show that starting from any initial state, or distribution of states, the probabilities, , that the system is in state i after t steps, will converge to non-zero quantities, , which are independent of the initial state. This condition of accessibility corresponds, in statistical mechanics, to the condition of ‘metrical transitivity’.
Enhancing social inclusion in sport: Dynamics of action research in super-diverse contexts

There are systemic and longstanding inequalities in sport participation for culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) migrants. Drawing on theoretical foundations of critical pedagogy and social justice education, as well as a public sociology perspective, this paper examines the development of an action research (AR) project to support the co-creation of inclusive climates in sports clubs in CALD communities in Melbourne, Australia. We use artefacts from collaborative sessions, interviews, and surveys to analyse the AR's impact on participating community sport leaders’ awareness and practice. The findings indicate how the collaborative process of assessing clubs’ diversity and inclusion climates affected participants’ awareness of inequities and exclusionary practices, and how the co-creation of strategies for change brought together diverse perspectives. We reflect on the implications and limitations of the AR for research practice aimed at promoting equitable social inclusion for CALD migrants in community sport.
Optimal Growth in Inertia–Gravity Wave Packets: Energetics, Long-Term Development, and Three-Dimensional Structure

Abstract Using a hierarchy of three models of increasing realism and complexity, and expanding on a previous study, optimal perturbations of inertia–gravity wave (IGW) packets are studied with respect to several aspects. It is shown that normal modes are comparatively less able to extract energy from the IGW over finite time due to their time-invariant structure, while singular vectors (SVs) can adjust their dynamical fields flexibly so as to optimize the statically enhanced roll and Orr mechanisms by which they grow. On longer time scales, where the time dependence of the IGW packet precludes a normal-mode analysis, optimal growth is found to further amplify suitable perturbations. The propagation characteristics of these exhibit critical layer interactions for horizontal propagation directions transverse with respect to the IGW, preventing significant vertical propagation, while parallel and obliquely propagating perturbations of sufficiently long horizontal scales are found to radiate gravity waves int.
Sound and Structural Vibration: Radiation, Transmission and Response

Chapter 1. Wave in Fluids and Structures Chapter 2. Structural Mobility, Impedance, Vibrational Energy and Power Chapter 3. Sound Radiation by Vibrating Structures Chapter 4. Fluid Loading of Vibrating Structures Chapter 5. Transmission of Sound Through Partitions Chapter 6. Acoustically Induced Vibration of Structures Chapter 7. Acoustic Coupling between Structures and Enclosed Volumes of Fluid Chapter 8. Introduction to Numerically Based Analyses of Fluid-Structure Interaction Chapter 9. Introduction to Active Control of Sound Radiation and Transmission
Risk Reassessment of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer in Ahvaz, Iran: A Cross-sectional Retrospective Study

Background Accurate evaluation of response to treatment in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is the sine qua non of preventing over-treatment in low-risk patients and implementing appropriate interventions in high-risk individuals. Objectives This study aimed to assess the response to therapy in DTC patients based on dynamic stratification method. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 154 medical records of subjects with DTC (with at least 6 months after total thyroidectomy) and referred to endocrinology clinics in Ahvaz, Iran, from April 2020 to May 2021 were examined. Patients were stratified according to a dynamic risk stratification system (informed by their specific clinical, histopathological, and ultrasonography findings, and other diagnostic imagines) into four groups: Excellent response (ER), indeterminate response (IR), biochemical incomplete response (BIR), and structural incomplete response (SIR). Results For a mean follow-up period of 28.59 months, excellent response to treatment was observed in 92 patients (59.7%), indeterminate response to treatment was found in 32 patients (20.8%), biochemical incomplete response was detected in 2 patients (1.3%), and structural incomplete response was seen in 28 patients (18.2%). In the group with low risk of recurrence, ER and IR were observed in 79.2% and 15.6% of the patients, respectively (P < 0.0001). In the group with an intermediate risk of recurrence, ER was found in 32% of the patients, while IR and SIR + BIR were seen in 34% and 34% of the patients, respectively (P < 0.0001). No cases of ER or IR were observed in the group with high risk (P = 0.001). Conclusions In sum, response to treatment significantly varied based on dynamic risk stratification, with ER being highest in the low-risk group, less likely in moderate risk group, and undetected in the high-risk group.