Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Victim Silencing, Sexual Violence Culture, Social Healing: Inherited Collective Trauma of World War II South Korean Military “Comfort Women”

The unresolved reconciliation process for WWII South Korean military “comfort women” presents a case of nationally inherited collective trauma, in which South Koreans far removed in time and space from the historical tragedy feel its implications and obligations for reparations and social healing. In examining the South Korean comfort women redress movement and systemic concealment of WWII military sexual slavery, this study investigates a pattern of victim silencing, characterized by institutional patriarchy and ineffective government involvement, from 1945 to 2019. Following the South Korean government’s formal rejection of the 2015 agreement with Japan regarding a final and irreversible conclusion to the comfort women issue, South Korean and international women’s rights organizations have openly addressed a need for new reconciliation efforts with Japan; however, the current stance of the South Korean government, under President Moon Jae-in, remains hesitant to seek a renegotiation. Based on the effective methods of democratic reparations from South Africa, Germany, and the United States, this study proposes a new victim-centered approach to the reconciliation of collective trauma through the role of the South Korean government. The new approach encompasses the following: (1) organizing an official collection of victim testimonies, (2) fostering government relationships with women’s rights organizations, and (3) instating sexual violence education in university settings in order to facilitate long-term social healing.
How Governance and Firm Internationalization Affect Accrual Quality

This study investigates the impact of country, corporate-level governance; and firm internationalization on the accrual quality of 120 firms listed in Pakistan, Japan, Hong Kong and India. The findings of the robust panel-corrected standard error estimator show that firm internationalization positively influences accrual quality. At the same time, country-level governance affects the business environment, like taxes, laws and regulatory settings, business-friendly and unfriendly environment. Corporate governance is insignificant to accrual quality. We also found that the capable board of directors and frequent meetings of board members signal the multinationals companies to go for internationalization.
Stability Analysis of a Sprayer UAV with a Liquid Tank with Different Outer Shapes and Inner Structures

The performance of sprayer UAVs largely depends on accurate trajectory control while spraying. A large amount of a liquid payload may create a sloshing effect inside the liquid tank, which may occur largely during hazardous phenomena, such as wind gusts and obstacle avoidance. This all-way sloshing force inside the tank may disturb the UAV’s trajectory by, for example, a displacement from the planned path or collision with an obstacle. A large number of existing sprayer UAVs already carry various-shaped tanks. A UAV’s liquid-sloshing problem must be reduced for existing and future plant protection. Applying suitable methods can achieve these goals and provide better performance. Moreover, various tank models have different structures and capabilities, which must be fixed using a flexible solution. This article proposes a simple baffle solution for all forms of pesticide tanks and compares baffle systems’ impacts using primary shaped tanks. Indoor lab experiments showed the extreme impacts inside the tanks. Outdoor UAV mission experiments provided the practical effectiveness of the tank structures, and primary shaped tank comparison results provided guidance for future UAV pesticide-tank manufacturing. A new baffle ball design is presented for a universal solution. A one-axis linear slider was used for optical observations, an open-source flight controller was used for on-field compliance, and plenty of tests were done to prove the concept and show the efficiency. The flat hexagonal tank and baffle ball system showed better results in both indoor and outdoor experiments.
Examples of Russian Information War Activity at the Beginning of Ukrainian Crisis

Abstract On February 24, 2022, the Russian Federation launched an invasion in Ukraine, which was the first military conflict in Europe from almost 80 years. Despite the diplomatic actions taken by the European Union and NATO countries, Russia’s military activity remains unchanged. In the face of the growing threat, many countries and international communities have decided to impose sanctions covering the economic, financial, as well as cultural and media spheres. In the article the authors analyzed content posted on Twitter after the invasion began, using Quaero, an advanced anti-disinformation tool. The article presents observations on information activities in social media undertaken during an armed conflict. As part of the research, pro-Russian, anti-Ukrainian and anti-American accounts were listed, and attention was also paid to the techniques and tools of manipulation in the information sphere. During the research, particular attention was paid to the botnets which play significant role in disinformation process. The very word bot refers to the word robot and it is a program whose main task is to perform actions instead of humans. Many entities in cyberspace, such as Facebook, Messenger or Google, use such programs to improve their activities and protect IT channels against the possibility of their violation.
East Asian Culture and Economic Miracle: The South Korean Experience

After the economic destruction of advanced nations including Japan during to the Second World War, the countries gradually recovered to register impressive growth rates until 1980s; included in this rank is some developing countries. Tremendous growth rates were seen in newly industrialised nations such as Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan since the 1980s. At present, the Chinese economy is fast expanding and is the fastest growing after Malaysia and Thailand. East Asian economies are among the three major economic powers in the global economy along with the EU and the NAFTA. They share cultural heritage and have worked hard to develop their nations and play an important role in the global economic system. Thus, it is relevant to analyse what are reasons behind East Asian countries’ rapid economic development. Furthermore, it is also important to find out whether culture impact on national development in East Asia. This paper examines the cultural homogeneity in East Asia which is strongly influenced by Confucianist ideology and beliefs in general. It also discusses South Korean economic development strategies and role of culture in particular. Additionally, it analyses whether South Korean economy could develop further by creating technology innovation and strengthening regional economic integration.
Participation by Chinese Australians in Community Group Educational Activities: Impact on Life Satisfaction and Well-being

While the proliferation of ethnic community groups suggests that they are meeting the needs of the community they represent, there is scant research on the impact of such groups. This study focused on the educational activities provided by 20 Chinese community groups and their impact on the life satisfaction and well-being of 600 Australians of Chinese descent migrants from Taiwan, Hong Kong, China, and Malaysia. Since most participants were aged from 40 to 70 years, and were unemployed, these community group instructor led educational activities provide opportunities for learning, socializing, and relationship building that may impact on their well-being. These migrants came to Australia across a 34-year period with the bulk (60%) arriving in the years 1989-1997. Results suggest that demographic variables such as migration year and employment status have more influence on their life satisfaction and well-being compared to educational activities and other more general community group activities. A Structural Equation Model (SEM) indicates the relative impact of different variables on the life satisfaction and well-being of participants.
Habitat distribution modeling for reintroduction and conservation of Aristolochia indica L. - a threatened medicinal plant in Assam, India

A detailed study on the regeneration ecology of Aristolochia indica L. was carried out to prevent this threatened medicinal plant from its future extirpation in Assam, India. The population stock of the species has been depleting fast in its natural habitats as a consequence of certain factors such as habitat fragmentation, over-exploitation due to its high medicinal properties, and other anthropogenic activities. For improving the conservation status of the species, potential area and habitat for its reintroduction were predicted using Maximum Entropy distribution modelling algorithm. The model was developed using environmental parameters and locality data in the natural range of Karbi Anglong District of Assam, India. The model predicted that the suitable habitats for the reintroduction of A. indica L. were restricted to parts of Assam, Nagaland, Meghalaya, and Arunachal Pradesh which have been identified to offer suitable environmental conditions for persistence of the species. Population status was positively correlated with higher model thresholds in the undisturbed habitats confirming the usefulness of the habitat model in population monitoring, particularly in predicting the successful establishment of the species.
Systematic Review: Accuracy of Anti–Citrullinated Peptide Antibodies for Diagnosing Rheumatoid Arthritis

BACKGROUND Early recognition and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis is important to prevent irreversible joint damage. Anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies (ACPA) have been suggested for early diagnosis. PURPOSE To compare the accuracy of ACPA and rheumatoid factor in diagnosing rheumatoid arthritis in patients with early symptoms of the disease. DATA SOURCES 10 medical databases from inception to September 2009, with no language or publication restrictions, and references of included studies. STUDY SELECTION Two independent reviewers screened searches. Full articles were assessed by one reviewer and checked by a second reviewer to identify studies that reported 2 x 2 data on ACPA for the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (by 1987 American College of Rheumatology criteria). DATA EXTRACTION One reviewer abstracted data on patient characteristics, ACPA details, and 2 x 2 data and assessed study quality by using the QUADAS tool. A second reviewer checked extractions. DATA SYNTHESIS 151 studies were included, with considerable heterogeneity in sensitivity (range, 12% to 93%) and specificity (range, 63% to 100%). In cohort studies that investigated second-generation anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (anti-CCP2) in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (<2 years), summary sensitivity and specificity were 57% (95% CI, 51% to 63%) and 96% (CI, 93% to 97%), respectively. Case-control and cross-sectional studies and studies of patients with established rheumatoid arthritis all overestimated sensitivity. Anti-CCP2 had greater specificity than rheumatoid factor (96% vs. 86%), with similar sensitivity. Evidence was insufficient to ascertain whether the combination of anti-CCP2 and rheumatoid factor provides additional benefit over anti-CCP2 alone. LIMITATIONS Most studies used a diagnostic case-control design, which overestimated sensitivity. Items relating to study quality were rarely reported. Publication bias could not be assessed. CONCLUSION Anti-CCP2 should be included in the work-up of patients with early symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis.
Heterogeneous Firms and Trade Liberalization: Theory and Evidence

We investigate how rmsentry, exit, output and exporting decisions respond to trade liberalization and how the responses di¤er across sectors. We do this by building a simple multiple sector model featuring comparative advantage and heterogeneous rms, and then perturb it with reduction in trade costs. We then test the hypotheses that arise thereof. The total e¤ect of trade liberalization in a sector can be decomposed into the IRA (intersectoral resource allocation) e¤ect and the within-sector selection e¤ect. The net e¤ect of trade liberalization on the aggregate productivity in a sector changes monotonically with the strength of comparative advantage of the sector. If Home is larger than Foreign, the aggregate productivity in the comparative disadvantage sectors can fall following trade liberalization, as the IRA e¤ect dominates the within-sector selection e¤ect. We call this reverse-Melitz outcomeas it is opposite to the prediction of the one-sector Melitz model, which emphasizes the within-sector selection e¤ect. We test the hypotheses related to the potential reallocative e¤ects of trade liberalization using rm-level data of Chinese manufacturing industries in the years following Chinas accession to the WTO. We nd empirical support for the existence of an IRA e¤ect that counteracts the within-sector selection e¤ect. Keywords: inter-industry trade, intra-industry trade, heterogeneous rms, trade liberalization JEL Classi cation codes: F12, F14 We would like to thank participants in seminars in the Johns Hopkins SAIS, Paris School of Economics, Graduate Institute in Geneva, ECARES in Brussels, Chinese University of Hong Kong, City University of Hong Kong, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, ETH Zurich, Hokkaido University, as well as conference participants in Tsinghua University International Trade Workshops in 2010 and 2011, Australian Trade Workshop 2012, AEA Annual Confernece 2013, Duke University Conference on the Chinese Economy 2013, IEA World Congress 2014, for helpful comments. The work in this paper has been supported by the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong, China (General Research Funds Project no. 642210 and 691813). yFan: School of International Business Administration, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai, China. Tel: +(86)21-65907041. Email: fan.haichao@mail.shufe. edu.cn zLai: Corresponding author. CESifo Research Network Fellow. Department of Economics, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong. Phone: (852) 2358-7611; Fax: (852) 2358-2084; Email: elai@ust.hk or edwin.l. lai@gmail.com xQi: Department of Economics, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong. Email: steffan@hkbu.edu. hk
Accounting for the Native-Immigrant Earnings Differentials and Ethnicity Assimilation in Taiwan

After World War II, many Chinese immigrants moved to Taiwan for political reasons where they and their immediate descendants performed better by posting average earnings of about 30 percent higher than that of Taiwanese. This paper studies the factors underlying the earnings gap between immigrants and natives in Taiwan, with attention paid to differences in the endowment of human capital and occupations. Three main findings are as follows. First, the earnings disparity is mostly rooted in differences in the endowment, with only a negligible fraction attributable to the unexplained part. Second, for differences in the endowment that account for the earnings differential, human capital variables play the most important role, and occupational differences only have a minor role. Finally, an individual’s secondary and higher education was most important in explaining the earnings gap, followed by a father’s education externalities, an individual’s occupation as a professional and/or paraprofessional, a mother’s ethnicities and Mandarin proficiency. An individual’s middle and primary education tended to moderate the earnings gap.
PHENOLOGY OF SEX EXPRESSION AND GENDER VARIATION IN A HETERODICHOGAMOUS MAPLE, ACER JAPONICUM

Heterodichogamy, that is, dimorphic sex expression of protogynous (stigmas are receptive before pollen is shed) and protandrous (pollen is shed before stigmas are receptive) mating types provides a possible evolutionary pathway to dioecy (dimorphism of males and females) in plant species. I investigated whether the gender of protogynous or protandrous morphs is specialized in male or female function in a population of a heterodichogamous maple, Acer japonicum (Aceraceae), by examining the phenology of sex expression and phenotypic gender in two morphs. Most of the trees in the study (>90%) were bisexual and from either the protogynous (PG) or the protandrous (PA) type. The remaining trees (<10%) produced only male flowers over three successive years (M) or produced only male flowers one year and both male and female flowers in other years (M/PA). Potential mating opportunity based on the phenology of sex expression was higher between PG and PA type than within these types. Both floral sex allocation and total sex allocation, including investment to fruit development, showed a wider range of variation in PA than in the PG type. But the differences of the means of phenotypic and functional gender between PG and PA were not evident. Floral sex allocation in one year was positively correlated with that in the next year in both PG and PA types. Plant size did not account for the variation in phenotypic gender, which suggests that the size-advantage hypothesis is not applicable to this maple. There were no significant differences between PG and PA in fruit abortion or in seed and pollen germination rates. Although gender specialization was not evident between PG and PA types, large gender variation among individuals in the protandrous type provides a high probability that male plants have derived from protandrous morph.
A New Genus of Pygmy Locusts (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae: Cladonotinae) from the Malay Peninsula

Abstract. The monotypic genus Hancockitettix Storozhenko et Pushkar, gen. nov. (type species Hancockitettix humeratus Storozhenko et Pushkar, sp. nov.) from the Malay Peninsula is described. A new genus belongs to the subfamily Cladonotinae. It resembles the genera Hancockella Uvarov, 1940 from India and Austrohancockia Günther, 1938 from China, Taiwan, Japan and Vietnam in the general body appearance, in the large lobules on the upper and lower margins of the fore and mid femora, and in the relatively narrow scutellum, but differs from them by the presence of fully developed tegmen, hind wing and tegminal sinus, by the triangular plate-like projected shoulder of pronotum, and by the considerable distance between the most outstanding parts of shoulders which exceeds the pronotum lobe width (in other mentioned genera the hind wing and tegminal sinus are absent, the tegmen is absent or rudimentary, lateral side of shoulder is broadly rounded or obtusely angular, and the distance between shoulders is less than the pronotum lobe width).
Adopting Smart Agriculture among organic farmers in Taiwan

ABSTRACT Smart Agriculture is technology-driven agriculture. Taiwanese government has put tremendous efforts to spread this new technology. Many factors affect the rate of adoption of this technology. This paper aims to identify what factors are important using data from a survey of commercial organic farmers in Taiwan. Empirical results reveal that socio-demographic characteristics of farmers are not important for farmers’ adoption decision. Perceived attributes of the new technology are the key factors; farmers more likely to adopt the new technology if it is compatible to their farm, easy to learn and use, and it is expected to increase yields and thus farm income. In addition, trial or test-run of the new technology is another key factor that increases adoption.
Common Topic Identification in Online Maltese News Portal Comments

This paper aims to identify common topics in a dataset of online news portal comments made between April 2008 and January 2017 on the Times of Malta website. By making use of the FastText algorithm, Word2Vec is used to obtain word embeddings for each unique word in the dataset. Furthermore, document vectors are also obtained for each comment, where again similar comments are assigned similar representations. The resulting word and document embeddings are also clustered using k-means clustering to identify common topic clusters. The results obtained indicate that the majority of comments follow a political theme related either to party politics, foreign politics, corruption, issues of an ideological nature, or other issues. Comments related to themes such as sports, arts and culture were not common, except around years with major events. Additionally, a number of topics were identified as being more prevalent during some time periods rather than others. These include the Maltese divorce referendum in 2011, the Maltese citizenship scheme in 2013, Russia’s annexation of Crimea in 2014, Brexit in 2015 and corruption/Panama Papers in 2016.
The orthopaedic status of severe haemophiliacs in Spain

This paper provides an outline of the results obtained in a cross‐sectional study conducted primarily with the aim of ascertaining orthopaedic complications in a group of young severe A and B haemophiliacs, the effects which these complications have on the medical resources used with these patients, and the impact of severe haemophilia on their quality of life. Its secondary aim was to link their current orthopaedic status to the type of treatment they had received prior to the study. Eleven Spanish hospitals took part in this study, monitoring 70 severe haemophiliacs (FVIII:C <2%) without inhibitors who had a mean age of 21.6 years and a median age of 22. Retrospective data collected from birth to the conclusion of the study were used and, for certain variables, data from the last 12 months. The type of treatment given had been on‐demand treatment, together with prophylaxis of variable time periods, which in 32 cases (45.7%) were prolonged (>6 months). In 40 cases (57.1%) the patients underwent one or more periods of prophylaxis. Thirty‐three patients (47.8%) had over 1000 days of administration of factors VIII and IX. The analysis of the total study group reveal an average of 348 bleeding episodes per patient. The findings of this study revealed that 84.3% of these patients suffer from articular complaints on the Gilbert scale, and 85.7% on the Pettersson scale. In addition, pain was reported in 16.1% of the joints, the most frequently affected being the ankle joints. Twenty‐six patients (37%) had undergone orthopaedic surgery from the time of birth to the conclusion of the study. The quality of life of the severe haemophiliacs reviewed seems to have been affected. During the last 12 months, there were 216 outpatient haematological visits and 176 orthopaedic‐rehabilitation visits, as well as 12 radiological explorations and two hospitalizations. During these 12 months, medical expenditure totalled $55 473 per patient per year, the most important item being factor concentrates VIII/IX ($54 119 per patient per year). The type of treatment given to these patients (on‐demand and/or as secondary prophylaxis) was found to be incapable of preventing haemophilic arthropathy or guaranteeing an acceptable quality of life, although both the administration of coagulant factor concentrate to such patients and the financial resources dedicated to their treatment was very high. Consequently, a strategic change is to be considered for the prevention of haemophilic arthropathy, based on the introduction of replacement treatment involving continuous administration of factors VIII and IX in primary prophylaxis regimens from the first years of life.