Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Instantaneous Generation of Subject-Specific Finite Element Models of the Hip Capsule

Subject-specific hip capsule models could offer insights into impingement and dislocation risk when coupled with computer-aided surgery, but model calibration is time-consuming using traditional techniques. This study developed a framework for instantaneously generating subject-specific finite element (FE) capsule representations from regression models trained with a probabilistic approach. A validated FE model of the implanted hip capsule was evaluated probabilistically to generate a training dataset relating capsule geometry and material properties to hip laxity. Multivariate regression models were trained using 90% of trials to predict capsule properties based on hip laxity and attachment site information. The regression models were validated using the remaining 10% of the training set by comparing differences in hip laxity between the original trials and the regression-derived capsules. Root mean square errors (RMSEs) in laxity predictions ranged from 1.8° to 2.3°, depending on the type of laxity used in the training set. The RMSE, when predicting the laxity measured from five cadaveric specimens with total hip arthroplasty, was 4.5°. Model generation time was reduced from days to milliseconds. The results demonstrated the potential of regression-based training to instantaneously generate subject-specific FE models and have implications for integrating subject-specific capsule models into surgical planning software.
Parvalbumin interneurons dysfunction is potentially associated with FαMNs decrease and NRG1-ErbB4 signaling inhibition in spinal cord in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Objective: To investigate the alteration of PV interneurons in ALS mainly focusing its dynamic changes and its relationship with motor neurons and ErbB4 signaling. Methods: SOD1G93A mice were used as ALS model. ALS animals were divided into different groups according to birth age: symptomatic prophase (50~60 days), symptomatic phase (90~100 days), and symptomatic progression (130~140 days). Immunofluorescence was performed for measurement of PV-positive interneurons, MMP-9, ChAT, NeuN and ErbB4. RT-qPCR and western blot were used to determine the expression of PV and MMP-9. Results: PV expression was remarkably higher in the anterior horn of gray matter compared with posterior horn and area in the middle of gray matter in control mice. In ALS mice, PV, MMP-9 and ErbB4 levels were gradually decreased along with onset. PV, MMP-9 and ErbB4 levels in ALS mice were significantly down-regulated than control mice after onset, indicating the alteration of PV interneurons, FαMNs and ErbB4. SαMNs levels only decreased remarkably at symptomatic progression in ALS mice compared with control mice, while γMNs levels showed no significant change during whole period in all mice. MMP-9 and ErbB4 were positively correlated with PV. NRG1 treatment significantly enhanced the expression of ErBb4, PV and MMP-9 in ALS mice. Conclusion: PV interneurons decrease is along with FαMNs and ErbB4 decrease in ALS mice.
Demographic changes and genetic losses in populations of a subterranean rodent (Ctenomys maulinus brunneus) affected by a natural catastrophe

Studied the demographic and genetic effects of a volcanic eruption on two local populations (Rio Colorado, Las Raices) of the fossorial rodent Ctenomys maulinus brunneus, in the Andes. Our data represent a unique contribution because the pre-existin demographic data and levels of genetic variation were contrasted with the changes monitored afterwards. Comparative census data of the breeding population size before and after the volcanic eruption, revealed a population decline of about 90% in Rio Colorado. An electrophoretic survey of 23 presumptive enzyme loci detected a considerable reduction of genetic variability in both populations. In Rio Colorado, the proportion of polymorphic loci (P) decreased from 47,8% to 17.4%, and the expected heterozygosity (H) from 8.9% to 2.8%
Hypoxia Dysregulates the Transcription of Myoendothelial Junction Proteins Involved with Nitric Oxide Production in Brain Endothelial Cells

Myoendothelial junctions (MEJs) are structures that allow chemical signals to be transmitted between endothelial cells (ECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells, which control vascular tone. MEJs contain hemoglobin alpha (Hbα) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) complexes that appear to control the production and scavenging of nitric oxide (NO) along with the activity of cytochrome b5 reductase 3 (CYB5R3). The aim of this study was to examine how hypoxia affected the regulation of proteins involved in the production of NO in brain ECs. In brief, human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMEC) were exposed to cobalt chloride (CoCl2), a hypoxia mimetic, and a transcriptional analysis was performed using primers for eNOS, CYB5R3, and Hbα2 with ΔΔCt relative gene expression normalized to GAPDH. NO production was also measured after treatment using 4,5-diaminofluorescein diacetate (DAF-DA), a fluorescent NO indicator. When HBMEC were exposed to CoCl2 for 48 h, eNOS and CYB5R3 messenger RNA significantly decreased (up to −17.8 ± 4.30-fold and −10.4 ± 2.8, respectively) while Hbα2 increased to detectable levels. Furthermore, CoCl2 treatment caused a redistribution of peripheral membrane-generated NO production to a perinuclear region. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time this axis has been studied in brain ECs and these findings imply that hypoxia may cause dysregulation of proteins that regulate NO production in brain MEJs.
Evaluation of Vehicle-to-Pedestrian Communication Displays for Autonomous Vehicles

2 Previous work in human-centered design includes development of interfaces that improve driver 3 effectiveness ; however, interfaces designed to communicate to pedestrians based on a vehicle’s 4 perceived intent are limited. For the present work, we investigated intent communication for 5 autonomous vehicles by comparing the effectiveness of various methods of presenting 6 vehicle-to-pedestrian street crossing information. A prototype forward-facing display was 7 developed for vehicle-to-pedestrian communication, and an experiment was conducted in a 8 naturalistic setting to compare signaling designs using a simulated autonomous vehicle. In the 9 experiment, a van representing an autonomous vehicle presented information to pedestrians 10 informing them when to cross a street. Participants made crossing decisions from two locations, a 11 marked crosswalk and an unmarked midblock location. Individual differences, including age, 12 gender, crossing location and conscientiousness were predictive of safe crossing decisions. 13 Participant response times were analyzed to determine which display types resulted in the fastest 14 and safest decisions. The results suggest pedestrians will rely on legacy behaviors rather than 15 leverage the information on an external display. A large number of participants, however, believe 16 additional displays will be needed on autonomous vehicles. The results of the experiment can be 17 used to help inform future designs for vehicle-to-pedestrian communication. 18 19 20 21
Implementación y comparación de los algoritmos de determinación de flujo óptico de Horn-Schunck y Lucas-Kanade para rastreo de objetos

This paper presents the implementation and a brief comparison of the algorithm for determining the optical flow developed by Berthold Horn and Brian Schunck and the algorithm developed for the same purpose by Bruce Lucas and Takeo Kanade, using the Matlab platform. The method proposed by Horn & Schunck takes as constraints two assumptions for its correct functioning on a sequence of consecutive images (video): the change of the brightness between two consecutive frames of the video is zero or approximates to zero (brightness constancy assumption), and the first derivatives of the optical flow are minimized (smoothness constraint). The method developed by Lucas & Kanade uses the same brightness constancy assumption as Horn & Schunck but differs from this one on the second constraint, assuming a constant velocity vector inside a small neighborhood. In order to understand the behavior of both algorithms, certain characteristic parameters are varied and it is concluded about the changes on the optical flow. With the aim of analyzing how optimal is one method over the other one, the algorithms are compared on time and structure.
ADAPTACIÓN Y EVALUACIÓN DE LAS PROPIEDADES PSICOMÉTRICAS DEL BRIEF-P EN PREESCOLARES COLOMBIANOS

espanolLas funciones ejecutivas (FE) son una serie de procesos que gestionan y coordinan las demas funciones cognitivas, las respuestas emocionales y comportamentales, especialmente ante problemas novedosos. Su evaluacion es importante en los anos preescolares con el fin de prevenir problemas de aprendizaje y de comportamiento. En este estudio se adapto el Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function - Preschool Version (BRIEF-P) y se evaluaron sus propiedades psicometricas con una muestra de 125 ninos(as) colombianos entre 2 y 4 anos once meses de edad, mediante la implementacion de diversas pruebas de confiabilidad y validez. Se encontraron indices altos de estabilidad test-retest y de consistencia interna, en el puntaje global, los tres indices y las cinco escalas del instrumento, y una estructura de correlaciones superiores a . 50 entre dichas escalas. Cinco factores explicaban el 100% de la varianza y las escalas del BRIEF-P correlacionaron significativamente con el puntaje obtenido en pruebas de desempeno de FE disenadas para preescolares. Estos datos confirman las adecuadas propiedades psicometricas del instrumento, aunque se recomienda un estudio de baremacion. EnglishExecutive functions are a series of processes that coordinate other cognitive functions, emotional and behavioral responses, especially to novel problems. Its evaluation is important in the preschool years in order to prevent learning and behavior problems. In this study, we adapted the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function - Preschool Version (BRIEF-P), and we evaluated its psychometric properties with a sample of 125 Colombian children between 2 and 4 years eleven months old, implementing several tests of reliability and validity. We found high rates of test-retest reliability and internal consistency in the overall composite score, the three indices and the five scales of the instrument, and a structure of correlations between the scales above . 50. Five factors accounted for 100% of the variance and the BRIEF-P scales correlated significantly with the score obtained in performance tests designed for evaluate executive functions in preschoolers. These data indicate that the instrument has adequate psychometric properties, although a study of normalization it is recommended.
School climate: Measuring, improving and sustaining healthy learning environments

1. Measuring, Improving and Sustaining Healthy Learning Environments H. Jerome Freiberg and Terry Stein 2. The Role of School and Classroom Climate in Elementary School Learning Environments Bert P.M. Creemers and Gerry J. Reezigt 3. Using Informal and Formal Measures to Create Classroom Profiles Charles Teddlie and James Meza Jr 4. Using Learning Environment Assessments to Improve Classroom and School Climates Barry Fraser 5. Organizational Health Profiles for High Schools Wayne K. Hoy and John A. Feldman 6. Organizational Climate and Teacher Professionalism: Identifying Teacher Work Environment Dimensions Sharon Conley and Donna Muncey 7. Perceptions of Parents and Community Members as a Measure of School Climate Kathryn Sanchez and Carla Stevens 8. The Teacher's Lounge and Its Role in Improving the Learning Environment in Schools Miriam Ben-Peretz, Shifra Schonmann and Haggai Kuppermintz 9. The Impact of Principal Change Facilitator Style on School and Classroom Culture Gene Hall and Archie George 10. The Phoenix Rises From Its Ashes . Doesn't It? Sam Stringfield 11. Three Creative Ways to Measure School Climate and Next Steps H. Jerome Freiberg
Plasma-Doped Carbon-Based Anode Materials in Potassium Ion Batteries: A Review of Current and Future Prospects

With the increasing demand for energy, finding clean, efficient, and renewable energy storage solutions is a crucial focus in today's world. In this context, potassium-ion batteries have garnered widespread research and attention as an essential solution to address environmental pollution and future energy challenges. This paper focuses on one of the key components of potassium-ion batteries - the anode materials, with a special emphasis on plasma-doped carbon-based anode materials. Initially, the significance of carbon-based anode materials in ion batteries is introduced. Subsequently, a detailed exploration is conducted on the diverse applications of plasma-doped carbon-based anode materials in lithium-ion, sodium-ion, and potassium-ion batteries. These materials demonstrate excellent electrochemical performance, significantly improving the energy density, cycle life, and stability of the batteries. Looking ahead, we will additionally discuss the optimization of synthesis methods, further enhancement of electrochemical properties, and the prospective development of large-scale production techniques. Finally, the study underscores the potential of plasma-doped carbon-based anode materials to emerge as a new trend in the field of future energy storage, making a substantial contribution to advancing sustainable energy storage technologies.
Numerical Study on the Transport Timescale in a River-influenced Macro-tidal Estuary

ABSTRACT Zhang, Q. ; Tao, J.F. , and Yang, J., 2016. Numerical study on the transport timescale in a river-influenced macro-tidal estuary. In: Vila-Concejo, A. ; Bruce, E. ; Kennedy, D.M. , and McCarroll, R.J. (eds.), Proceedings of the 14th International Coastal Symposium (Sydney, Australia). Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue, No. 75, pp. 193–197. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. A transport module was developed and coupled with TELEMAC flow model to simulate the spatial and temporal distributive characteristics of the transport timescale based on the mean age concept defined by Delhez. The influences of river discharge, tide and large-scale flat reclamation in Taizhou Bay on the transport timescale were analyzed. Model results show that the transport timescale in the river channel is dominated by fluvial discharge over tide. It took approximately 60, 40 and 35 days for the tracer to be transported from the river boundary to the mouth of the Jiaojiang Estuary during the low, mean and high flow conditions, respectively. Outside the entrance of the estuary, tide dominates and the influence of riverine discharge is minor. Large-scale reclamation considerably affects the age distribution outside the estuary and around the project area, while it has little influence on the mass transport in the upstream part of the estuary. After the reclamation, the difference in mean age between the main channel and the tidal flat increases and the tongue-shaped spatial structure of mean age is more evident.
A Low-Cost Pipelined Architecture Based on a Hybrid Sorting Algorithm

In this paper, a low-cost pipelined architecture based on a hybrid sorting algorithm is proposed. The proposed architecture is constructed with a bitonic sorter and several cascaded bidirectional insertion sorting units. The bidirectional insertion sorting unit uses the segmented sorted subsequence generated by the bitonic sorter as input, and records the maximum and minimum values of the subsequence. After all segmented subsequences are processed through the cascaded bidirectional insertion sorting units, a sorted sequence is obtained. The proposed architecture is implemented using the Verilog hardware description language (HDL) and synthesized using the Synopsys Design Compiler with a TSMC 90-nm cell library. The experimental results indicate that the proposed architecture can not only shorten sorting cycles but also reduce hardware area costs. Moreover, sorting cycles can be further shortened by increasing the parallelism of the proposed architecture. Under the configuration that 2048 32-bit data to be sorted and 16 data have to be processed simultaneously, the proposed architecture can improve the throughput-to-gate-count ratio by 16%, and throughput-to-power-consumption-ratio by 25% compared to the existing sorting design. The proposed architecture makes the most efficient use of hardware resources.
Evaluation of blood metal levels of hockey teams after playing on synthetic turf fields

Background Artificial turf fields are widely used as an alternative to natural grass in many areas such as parks, playgrounds, and playing fields. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the toxicological effects of the chemicals contained in the fields consisting of artificial turf and crumb rubber on the blood metal levels in field hockey players. MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted involving 28 apparently healthy men aged 20-25 years who participated in this study voluntarily. They consisted of 17 field hockey athletes [athlete group (AG)] and 11 sedentary males [control group (CG)]. Before and after the 7-day tournament, blood samples were taken from AG and CG to measure mercury, arsenic, aluminum, lead, zinc, magnesium and iron levels. An independent t-test was used to analyze the data. ResultsIn comparisons between CG and AG, the magnesium level of AG before the tournament was higher, while the iron and mercury levels were significantly lower (p<0.05). In intragroup comparisons, a significant increase was observed in the post-tournament magnesium and iron variables in the AG group (p<0.05). In post-tournament intergroup comparisons, increases in the Mg and decreases in the Hg variables of AG were significant (p<0.05). ConclusionIt is thought that as a result of the tournament on fields with synthetic grass surfaces, the male field hockey players in the 20-25 age group were toxicologically not affected by the harmful heavy metals present in these fields, because the Hg, As, Pb, Zn, Al, Fe, and Mg levels are within the international reference ranges.
An In Vitro Study: Does Adding Iodine Potassium Iodide and Cetrimide to Calcium Hydroxide Paste Enhance Its Antimicrobial Effect Against Oral Biofilms?

Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the antibiofilm effect of calcium hydroxide (CH), 0.5% iodine potassium iodide (IKI), and 0.5% cetrimide (CTR), alone and in combinations on one-week and three-week-old biofilms. Materials and methods Gingival plaque was collected, and biofilms were grown in vitro anaerobically. Biofilms were exposed to each of the three medicaments and their combinations for one day, one week, and two weeks. Proportions of dead and live bacteria in the biofilms were evaluated. Results The killing of bacteria by different medicaments in the three-week-old biofilm was lower than in the one-week-old biofilm (p<0.05). The efficacy of IKI and CTR in killing bacteria was weaker than that of CH, but the highest efficacy in killing was achieved when all three were combined (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in the antibiofilm effect between a day's exposure to the mixture of the three medicaments and one or two weeks of treatment with CH alone (p>0.05). Conclusions Three-week-old biofilms are more resistant to medicaments than one-week-old biofilms. Combining IKI and CTR with CH resulted in a stronger antibiofilm effect than using CH alone. Mixing the three medicaments may enable obtaining the desired clinical effect in a shorter exposure time.
Soil Impacts Due to the Invasion of Ilex aquifolium (English Holly) into Second Growth Forests of the Pacific Northwest

Pacific Northwest temperate rainforests are generally distinctive in their resistance to invasive species. Nevertheless, a novel evergreen tree species, Ilex aquifolium, also known as English Holly, is increasingly recognized as a successful invasive tree in undisturbed Pacific Northwest forests. One of the characteristics that makes this invasive plant so unique is its ability to readily establish itself in otherwise undisturbed forests. Nevertheless, no studies have examined the ecosystem impacts of this invasive species. Because I. aquifolium has tough, recalcitrant leaves, the species may also the potential to significantly alter ecosystem soil properties in some of the most productive forests in the northern hemisphere. We investigated soil characteristics underneath I. aquifolium canopies, and in adjacent paired locations without the invasive species, to determine the long term physical and chemical effects on the soil. Our chemical analysis focused on pH, carbon-nitrogen elemental analysis, mineralized nitrogen and phosphorus, extractable cations (K, Mg, Ca, Na), sulfate, soil respiration, and cation ex- change capacity. We also investigated changes in soil moisture, organic matter content and bulk density. Our findings suggest heavy depositions of sulfur and organic matter associated with the presence of these trees (p 0.0074; p>0.0031 respectively). These results cumulatively suggest the potential ecosystem impacts of a novel invasive species in a temperate rainforest ecosystem. Faculty Mentor: Dylan G. Fischer
On some Lunulitiform bryozoa

Ha Briozoos de varias familias dos Cheilostomata cujas larvas se fixam em graos de areia, Foraminiferos ou outros substratos pequenos. As colonias assim originadas crescem em forma de disco, cone ou cupula ao redor do ponto de fixacao, e deitam-se sobre fundo arenoso ou lodoso.
The Diversity of the Seas: a regional approach. WCMC Biodiversity Series 4

Marine waters comprise by far the most extensive major ecosystem on the planet. WCMC has produced a region by region account of select issues in marine biological diversity: descriptive text on marine ecosystems, elements of biodiversity (including estimates of species richness and endemism), and marine fisheries. The aim is to help develop an integrated approach to management of marine and coastal biodiversity.
An Out-of-Band Linearization Architecture for PA With Strong Nonlinearity

For the strong nonlinear distortion scenarios, the power amplifiers (PAs) are driven into the strong nonlinear region, and the inverse of the PAs obtained through the conventional full-band (FB) digital predistortion (DPD) might be unstable, which would fail to correct the nonlinear distortion. In this letter, a novel out-of-band (OOB) linearization architecture is proposed for PA with strong nonlinear distortion. In the proposed architecture, an out-of-band iterative learning control (OILC) training algorithm is proposed to minimize the OOB nonlinear distortion, which reduces the compensated peak amplitude to focus on linearizing the OOB components. An out-of-band generalized memory polynomial (OGMP) model is proposed to further optimize the accuracy of the model identification by removing the irrelevant terms, which would be a perfect match with the desired OOB DPD signal generated by the OILC training algorithm. Finally, experimental results verify that the proposed architecture could improve the adjacent channel power leakage ratio (ACLR) performance by 18 dB when the PA is driven to −28 dBc ACLR.