Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Characteristics of Natural Killer Cells and Prediction of Prognosis in Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma

Background(cid:0)Bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA) is a malignant tumor occurring in the bladder and derived from urothelial cells. It is one of the ten most common cancers in the world. There has been no signi�cant progress in the treatment of patients with recurrence of BLCA in the past decades. With the progress of systemic treatment, the overall survival period (OS) of patients has improved, but the prognosis is still poor, which needs improvement clinically. The development of immunotherapy has changed the status initially. Natural killer (NK) cells, as an important type of innate immunomodulatory cells, have proved their potential in the treatment of several malignant tumors, so which received widespread attention in recent years. Objective: The clinical data in TCGA and GEO was used to provide ideas for the diagnosis, treatment and evaluation of prognosis indicators of BLCA. And the relationship between BLCA and the expression of NRGs was investigated. Methods: In this study, the normal and tumor samples of TCGA-BLCA and GSE3167 were analyzed to �nd out differential expression genes based on the "limma" R package. The genes and the natural killer cell-related genes (NRGs) were intersected to obtain NRGs with differential expression. We used univariate COX regression analysis, LASSO and multifactor COX analysis to obtain the risk score and build the prognosis gene model. GSE31684 queue has been veri�ed externally. In order to further con�rm the reliability of genes, we analyzed their mechanism of action, divided them into groups by the risk score, and performed immune analysis on subgroups to evaluate the immune treatment response. Results: There are differences in the expression of LRP1 and INHBB, which are independent risk factors for the prognosis of BLCA. The nomogram was established based on the characteristics of 2-NRGs and clinicopathological characteristics. The low risk group has more abundant immune in�ltration, suggesting a better immune response and better prognosis, which veri�es the reliability of grouping. The sensitivity of the hig-risk and low-risk group to the two target sites, PDL1 and FGFR3, is signi�cantly different. And the risk score is closely related to the relevant chemotherapy drugs. These suggested that the risk score can screen the patients well at the drug level, and also providing a meaningful reference for the patients in drug selection. Conclusion: NK cell core genes, LRP1 and INHBB, may play a crucial role in the occurrence and progression of BLCA. We constructed nomogram according to the NK core genes and veri�ed its feasibility, which can provide a reference for clinical prognosis.
Social Group Optimization Algorithm with Dynamic Disturbance Strategy

:In order to improve the convergence accuracy and speed of social group optimization algorithm, so as to improve the overall performance of the algorithm, a social group optimization algorithm with dynamic disturbance strategy( DDSGO) is proposed. The proposed algorithm improved the initialization population and the two learning stages in the SGO algorithm respectively. When initializing the population, the DDSGO algorithm replaces the initial population generated randomly with a reverse learning strategy to ensure that the diversity of the population is improved; In the improvement stage, the dynamic self-reflection coefficient is used to expand the search range of the optimal solution in the initial stage, and accelerate the speed of the population convergence to the optimal solution in the later stage, so that the population as a whole can quickly converge to the optimal solution. In the acquisition stage, the tent mapping is used to generate chaotic disturbance to increase the diversity of the population, which can increase the possibility of the algorithm jumping out of the local optimal solution. The experimental results based on the standard test function show that the proposed DDSGO algorithm is significantly improved in terms of convergence speed, convergence accuracy and stability compared with the comparison algorithms, and the overall performance of the algorithm is improved. The DDSGO algorithm has been used to solve the pressure vessel design optimization problem in order to further verify the effectiveness of the DDSGO algorithm. The experimental results show that the DDSGO algorithm is superior to the comparison algorithms, which proves that the DDSGO algorithm can be used to optimize the actual engineering design optimization problem.
A reconstruction of atmospheric carbon dioxide and its stable carbon isotopic composition from the penultimate glacial maximum to the last glacial inception

Abstract. The reconstruction of the stable carbon isotope evolution in atmospheric CO2 (δ13Catm), as archived in Antarctic ice cores, bears the potential to disentangle the contributions of the different carbon cycle fluxes causing past CO2 variations. Here we present a new record of δ13Catm before, during and after the Marine Isotope Stage 5.5 (155 000 to 105 000 yr BP). The dataset is archived on the data repository PANGEA® ( www.pangea.de ) under 10.1594/PANGAEA.817041 . The record was derived with a well established sublimation method using ice from the EPICA Dome C (EDC) and the Talos Dome ice cores in East Antarctica. We find a 0.4‰ shift to heavier values between the mean δ13Catm level in the Penultimate (~ 140 000 yr BP) and Last Glacial Maximum (~ 22 000 yr BP), which can be explained by either (i) changes in the isotopic composition or (ii) intensity of the carbon input fluxes to the combined ocean/atmosphere carbon reservoir or (iii) by long-term peat buildup. Our isotopic data suggest that the carbon cycle evolution along Termination II and the subsequent interglacial was controlled by essentially the same processes as during the last 24 000 yr, but with different phasing and magnitudes. Furthermore, a 5000 yr lag in the CO2 decline relative to EDC temperatures is confirmed during the glacial inception at the end of MIS5.5 (120 000 yr BP). Based on our isotopic data this lag can be explained by terrestrial carbon release and carbonate compensation.
LEARNING TO DISTINGUISH THE THREE-WAY LARYNGEAL CONTRAST OF KOREAN PLOSIVES BY NATIVE ENGLISH SPEAKERS

Second-language acquisition often entails learning to use unfamiliar speech sounds to distinguish words, which may require learning to perceive an unfamiliar phonetic feature or accommodate a new category boundary along a known phonetic continuum. Here, native English speakers ( N =37) learned an 18-word vocabulary comprised of six minimal triplets based on the Korean three-way plosive contrast (fortis, le-nis, aspirated), defined by a trading relation between two phonetic features (onset pitch and voice onset time) that conflicts with how these cues structure listeners’ native categories. Variation in these features across talkers and place of articulation further obfus-cates this contrast. Learning outcomes were highly variable: Mixture model analysis suggested two groups of learners who differed primarily in whether they learned to distinguish lenis from aspirated stops. Both groups learned these contrasts best for bilabials and least accurately for alveolar stops. These results underscore the challenge of overcoming native category structure in second-language learning.
No . 574 TRADE INTEGRATION AND BUSINESS CYCLE SYNCHRONIZATION IN EAST ASIA

As trade integration deepens in East Asia, it is expected that there will be closer links in business cycles among East Asian countries. Theoretically, however, increased trade can lead business cycles across trading partners to shift in either direction: while inter-industry trade resulting in higher specialization would induce less synchronization, intra-industry trade could overturn this tendency. By using the data for twelve Asian economies, this paper finds that intra-industry trade is the major channel through which business cycles become synchronized among Asian economies, although increased trade itself does not necessarily lead to close business cycle coherence. This result has important implications for the prospects of a currency union in the region.
Environmentally benign preparation of copper oxide nanoparticles and its potential biological and photocatalytic activities

The study reports environment friendly facile preparation of multi-functional CuO nanoparticles using Kiwi fruit juice and assesses its photocatalytic and a variety of biological activities. The PXRD pattern demonstrates that the nanoparticles are members of the pure monoclinic structure with particles having sizes from 8 to 10 nm. They were found to exhibit a porous and sponge-like morphology with almost spherical shape, as seen by TEM and SEM pictures. The peak centered at 608 cm − 1 was caused by stretching of Cu-O in FTIR spectrum. The nanoparticles found to possess high photocatalytic degradation activity towards model dye such as methylene blue. The nanoparticles exhibit various potential biological activities. It e�ciently suppresses the 1,1-Dipheny-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical activity. It has antibacterial e�cacy against pathogenic bacterial strains such as Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus. CuO-Nanoparticles were investigated for anti-diabetic activity, and they demonstrated excellent α - glucosidase (IC 50 of 183 µg/ml) and α -amylase (IC 50 of 124 µg/ml) inhibition effects. The MTT test was used to examine the cytotoxicity of CuO Nps on the HeLa cell line, which showed dose-dependent activity with IC 50 value of 303 µg/ml, which indicate that they were signi�cantly cytotoxic. Copper oxide nanoparticles improved platelet aggregation and plasma coagulation without exhibiting hemolytic activity. This study demonstrates a quick, simple, low-cost, facile, environmentally benign green synthetic approach for large-scale synthesis of multifunctional CuO nanoparticles.
Does External Forcing Interfere with the AMOC’s Influence on North Atlantic Sea Surface Temperature?

AbstractNumerous studies have suggested that variations in the strength of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) may drive predictable variations in North Atlantic sea surface temperature (NASST). However, two recent studies have presented results suggesting that coupled models disagree on both the sign and the phasing of the correlation between AMOC and NASST indices. These studies analyzed linearly detrended output from twentieth-century historical simulations in phases 3 and 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP3 and CMIP5). The present study argues that the apparent disagreement among models arises from a comingling of two processes: 1) a bottom-up effect in which unforced AMOC changes lead to NASST changes of the same sign and 2) a top-down effect in which forced NASST changes lead to AMOC changes of the opposite sign. Linear detrending is not appropriate for separating these two effects because the time scales of forced and unforced variations are not well separated.
scifAI: Explainable machine learning for pro�ling the immunological synapse and functional characterization of therapeutic antibodies

: Therapeutic antibodies are widely used to treat severe diseases. Most of them alter immune cells and act within the immunological synapse; an essential cell-to-cell interaction to direct the humoral immune response. Although many antibody designs are generated and evaluated, a high-throughput tool for systematic antibody characterization and prediction of function is lacking. Here, we introduce the first comprehensive open-source framework, scifAI (single-cell imaging flow cytometry AI), for preprocessing, feature engineering and explainable, predictive machine learning on imaging flow cytometry (IFC) data. Additionally, we generate the largest publicly available IFC data set of the human immunological synapse containing over 2.8 million images. Using scifAI, we analyze class frequency-and morphological changes under different immune stimulation. T cell cytokine production across multiple donors and therapeutic antibodies is quantitatively predicted in vitro, linking morphological features with function and demonstrating the potential to significantly impact antibody design. scifAI is universally applicable to IFC data, and, given its modular architecture, straightforward to incorporate into existing workflows and analysis pipelines, e.g. for rapid antibody screening and functional characterization.
Biased Evaluative Descriptions 1

: This paper identifies a type of linguistic phenomenon new to feminist philosophy of language: biased evaluative descriptions. Biased evaluative descriptions (BEDs) are descriptions whose well-intended positive surface meanings are inflected with implicitly biased content. Biased evaluative descriptions are characterized by three main features: (i) they have roots in implicit bias or benevolent sexism, (ii) their application is counterfactually unstable across dominant and subordinate social groups, and (iii) they encode stereotypes. After giving several different kinds of examples of biased evaluative descriptions, I distinguish them from similar linguistic concepts, including backhanded compliments, slurs, insults, epithets, pejoratives, and dog-whistles. I suggest that the framework of traditional Gricean implicature cannot account for BEDs. I discuss some challenges to the distinctiveness and evaluability of BEDs, including intersectional social identities. I conclude by discussing the social significance and moral status of BEDs. Identifying BEDs is important for a variety of social contexts, from the very general and broad (political speeches) to the very particular and small (bias in academic hiring).
The Quagmire Model: How a small step can trap you in the quagmire of misinformation, hate speech and denialism

This study aims to explain how social media (SM) users, whilst searching for information, can be trapped into a quagmire of misinformation, even when they have no denialist inclinations or sympathy for hate groups. We analyze the interactions between cognitive biases and deep preference learning algorithms (DPL), as SM companies use DPL to curate the content conveyed to its users. The study proposes a model for users’ behavior and explain how SM business model allows new information to be introduced in the quagmire in order to change user’s opinions in a way desired by a customer willing to pay for, and, eventually, accomplished it. The model explains why some popular tactics against misinformation, as censorship and fact-checking, achieve very poor results. We suggest that policies promoting face-to-face encounters in friendly environments can be more effective in that struggle. We believe the model can help decision makers in developing more e�cient anti-disinformation policies.
The Impact of Desertification in the Mongolian and the Inner Mongolian Grassland on the Regional Climate

This is an investigation of the impact of and mechanisms for biosphere feedback in the northeast Asian grassland on the regional climate. Desertification in the Inner Mongolian grassland has dramatically increased during the past 40 years. The Center for Ocean-Land-Atmosphere Studies atmospheric general circulation model, which includes a biosphere model, was used to test the impact of this desertification. In the grassland experiment, areas of Mongolia and Inner Mongolia were specified as grassland. In the desertification experiment, these areas were specified as desert. Each experiment consists of six integrations with different atmospheric initial conditions and different specifications of the extent of the desertification area. All integrations were 90 days in length, beginning in early June and continuing through August, coincident with the period of the East Asian summer monsoon. The desertification had a significant impact on the simulated climate. During the past 40 years, the observed rainfall has decreased in northern and southern China but increased in central China, and the Inner Mongolian grassland and northern China have become warmer. The simulated rainfall and surface temperature differences between the desertification integrations and the grassland integrations are consistent with these observed changes. The water balance and surface energy balance were altered by the desertification. The reduction in evaporation in the desertification experiment dominated the changes in the local surface energy budget. The reduction in convective latent heating above the surface layer enhanced sinking motion (or weakened rising motion) over the desertification area and over the adjacent area to the south. Coincidentally, the monsoon circulation was weakened and the rainfall was reduced.
Analytic structure of solutions to multiconfiguration equations

We study the regularity at the positions of the (ﬁxed) nuclei of solutions to (non-relativistic) multiconﬁguration equations (including Hartree–Fock) of Coulomb systems. We prove the following: Let { ϕ 1 , . , ϕ M } be any solution to the rank– M multiconﬁguration equations for a molecule with L ﬁxed nuclei at R 1 , . , R L ∈ R 3 . Then, for any j ∈ { 1 , . , M } , k ∈ { 1 , . , L } , there exists a neighbourhood U j,k ⊆ R 3 of R k , and functions ϕ (1) j,k , ϕ (2) j,k , real analytic in U j,k , such that A similar result holds for the corresponding electron density. The proof uses the Kustaanheimo–Stiefel transformation, as applied in [9] to the study of the eigenfunctions of the Schr¨odinger operator of atoms and molecules near two-particle coalescence points.
Stable oxygen and carbon isotopes from brachiopods of southern England and northwestern Germany: estimation of Upper Turonian palaeotemperatures

More than 190 articulate brachiopods from Turonian sections in northwestern Germany and southern England were studied for their stable carbon and oxygen isotopic composition, and some of them for their elemental composition. Most of the brachiopod shells are well preserved, and oxygen isotope composition reflects the temperate conditions of the European epicontinental sea. Upper Turonian mean δ18O values from Lower Saxony and southern England show bottom-water temperatures in the range of 14.2 to 18.2 °C (δ18Ow = −1.5‰ SMOW for an ice-free world). The relative trend of mean brachiopod oxygen and carbon isotopes shows a short-term (200 k.y.) increase in the mid-Upper Turonian horizons that confirms the climate cooling (∼ 2 °C) observed in bulk-rock samples at different sites in Europe. Interbasinal comparisons between England and Germany show similar δ13C values in both basins, whereas oxygen isotopes are heavier in northwestern Germany than in England, suggesting a cool-water influence from the North Sea basin and temperate conditions in the Anglo-Paris basin.
Aftershocks and the whole-life seismic performance of granular slopes

Shallow embankment slopes are commonly used to support elements of transport infrastructure in seismic regions. In this paper, the seismic performance of such slopes in non-liquefiable granular soils is considered, focusing on permanent movement and dynamic motion at the crest, which would form key inputs into the aseismic design of supported infrastructure. In contrast to previous studies, the evolution of this behaviour under multiple sequential strong ground motions is studied through dynamic centrifuge, numerical (finite-element, FE) and analytical (sliding-block) modelling, the centrifuge tests being used to validate the two non-physical approaches. The FE models focus on the specification of model parameters for existing non-linear constitutive models using routine site investigation data, allowing them to be used routinely in design and analysis. Soil-specific constitutive parameters are derived from shearbox and oedometer test data, and are found to significantly outperform existing empirical corr.
Early Weichselian palaeoenvironments reconstructed from a mega‐scale thrust‐fault complex, Kanin Peninsula, northwestern Russia

A section, almost 20 km long and up to 80 m high, through alternating layers of diamict and sorted sediments is superbly exposed on the north coast of the Kanin Peninsula, northwestern Russia. The diamicts represent multiple glacial advances by the Barents Sea and the Kara Sea ice sheets during the Weichselian. The diamicts and stratigraphically older lacustrine, fluvial and shallow marine sediments have been thrust as nappes by the Barents Sea and Kara Sea ice sheets. Based on stratigraphic position, OSL dating, sea level information and pollen, it is evident that the sorted sediments were deposited in the Late Eemian‐Early Weichselian. Sedimentation started in lake basins and continued in shallow marine embayments when the lakes opened to the sea. The observed transition from lacustrine to shallow marine sedimentation could represent coastal retreat during stable or rising sea level.
Performance analysis of channels coding and space time trellis codes on free-space fading channel for diversity coding free-space optics under atmospheric turbulences

In this Paper we review and analyze space time trellis codes with & without ideal beam forming for the free-space optics (FSO) under atmospheric turbulences. Space time trellis code with ideal beam forming at transmitter termed as weighted space. Smart antenna technology provides a wide variety of options, ranging from single-input , multiple-output (SIMO) architectures that collect more energy to improve the signal to noise ratio (SNR) at the receiver, to multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) architectures that open up multiple data pipes over a link. Atmospheric turbulence can caus e signiﬁcant performance degradation in free space optical communication systems. An efﬁcient solution could be to exploit the temporal diversity to improve the performance of the FSO-transmission link.
Short Video Recommendation based on Multilabel Learning and Multiview Representation

—With the emergence of short videos as a new form of media, there has been a surge in the production of short video content by users on various platforms. The popularity of short videos stems from their ability to meet users’ needs for diversiﬁed and fragmented content consumption. However, the abundance and complexity of short video data create challenges for video recommendation. Short videos contain rich multimodal information in both temporal and spatial dimensions. This feature makes users interested in videos in various forms: interested in the content of a particular shot of a video, interested in the storyline described in a video, interested in the music associated with a video, etc. Existing video recommendation systems only consider a single type of recommended content, and directly recommend videos to users as a whole, which does not meet the deeper needs of users. Short video contains different semantic content, and the results and methods of short video recommendation should not be limited to the overall video recommendation only. In this paper, we take advantage of the consistency of multi-view features for multimedia content understanding to obtain an eigenstable representation from the characteristics of short videos themselves. From the existing studies, video recommendation mainly focuses on the content or metadata of a single modality in the video, but ignores the multimodality of video content and the multi-perspective nature of recommendation strategies. In this paper, we take the advantage of the consistency of multi-modal features for multimedia content understanding to obtain an eigenstable representation, and extract the content of multiple modalities from the video for more comprehensive video content analysis, and fuse the information of each modality to realize a multi-perspective video recommendation method.