Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Making a Liquid Robotics Wave Glider Fully Autonomous: Field Results From DANS20 Trial

We present the integration of an embedded autonomy engine into a Liquid Robotics Wave Glider surface vehicle, following the “backseat-driver” control paradigm. We describe the Wave Glider Autonomy Adapter software module, designed for handling the communication between a Backseat payload computer, installed by the vehicle end-user, with the manufacturer Frontseat Command and Control Unit. The module runs in the MOOS middleware environment and enables the intelligent Cooperative Autonomous Decision Making Engine (iCADME), running on the Backseat, to execute a mission involving autonomous decision-making and to issue the produced commands to the Wave Glider Frontseat autopilots, hence controlling the vehicle navigation. This makes the CMRE Wave Glider fully autonomous and capable to make decisions onboard, with no need of communication with the Command and Control (C2) centre. This reduces the need of data exchange with the C2 centre through the traditionally used satellite link. In this way, the vehicle planning and control are significantly simplified. This paves the way to the deployment of highly scalable networks, composed of cooperative Wave Gliders, capable to operate effectively in complex missions with only a limited supervision by the C2 centre. We report successfully tests of the fully autonomous Wave Glider conducted during the DANS20 trial, in December 2020. The onboard autonomy was able to successfully control the vehicle both by issuing direct waypoints commands and by using the MOOS-IvP Helm behaviour-based autonomy for producing heading reference for the Wave Glider autopilots.
Nonlinear Multi-Scale Contrast Enhancement for X-Ray Chest Radiography

An algorithm for multi-scale nonlinear X-ray chest radiography contrast enhancement based on edge(MSCE) is presented to overcome the drawback of introducing visible artifacts in conventional methods.Images are decomposed within the multi-scale decomposition architecture,and then local contrast of images is obtained based on edge information.The enhancement coefficient is calculated from image's local contrast information,and the enhanced image is then obtained.The MSCE algorithm can provide a smooth enhancement of large structures to avoid these visible artifacts,and to maintain the same detail enhancement ability.Experimental results show that the average local variance in the edge region(ALVE) decreases about 36.78% and 29.64% with almost the same detail enhancement ability comparing with the Vuylsteke and Stahl's methods,and that the proposed method can achieve better perceptual quality.
Implementation of Peanut Leaf Disease Detection System Using Faster RCNN

Leaf diseases are a common disease in many plants. It has been normally controlled by fungicides bactericides and resistant varieties. Leaves are important for the fast-growing of plants and to extend the production of crops. But in this paper, predominantly engrossed in peanut plant leaves. Nowadays, India is the largest producer of groundnut in the world but when it comes to production, the average yields at 745kg/ha. Whereas disease attack is the foremost reason for the low yield. However, identifying diseases in plant leaves is profound challenging for farmers in day-to-day life. To address the respective challenge, a leaf disease detection system based on Machine Learning (ML) and viable Faster Region-Based Convolutional Neural Networks (RCNN) algorithms has been proposed. This result reveals that the RCNN provides a solution to whether the leaf is in a fine or infirmity position. Moreover, the proposed model has been analyzed concerning the accuracy, time complexity, and computational complexity.
Active Queue-Management Policies for Undersea Networking via Deep Reinforcement Learning

Future undersea networks require effective network resource management strategies able to support the increasing demand for undersea data. Due to the limited bandwidth and high delays characteristic of underwater acoustic communications, queueing management policies for in-transit data are expected to support the quality-of-service requirements that software applications need while helping to manage network congestion. This work develops a queue management policy for in-transit data inspired by weighted-fair queueing. Our policy dynamically allocates portions of the available transmission bandwidth to different traffic types flowing through the queues. The policy uses user-defined traffic prioritization, queueing-delay requirements, and the history of queue-occupancy levels to define the allocation of bandwidth. We use soft actor-critic, a type of deep reinforcement learning algorithm, to train a learning agent. Additionally, we include an active-queue management policy tuned to identify congestion for individual traffic types via the instantaneous queue sojourn-time experienced by packets. The active-queue management policy interacts with the learning agent and with the congestion-control protocol used by the source to mitigate congestion. The performance of our proposed algorithm is illustrated via numerical simulations using an environment developed in OpenAI Gym.
The Relative Suitability of Four Dot--Matrix Sizes for Text Presentation on Color Television Screens

Characters with four dot--matrix sizes (5 x 7, 7 x 9, 9 x 13, and 11 x 15) were tested as to their suitability for the presentation of characters on standard home color television sets. Subjects performed five different tasks and rated the various character sizes. Their qualitative performance for all tasks was the same with each of the different character sizes; the amount of time necessary to complete the tasks, however, varied up to more than 20%. In all tasks, the worst performance was obtained with the smallest character size. Since the 9- x -13 character size was rated significantly better than the smaller character sizes, we recommend that this size be used for text display on color television screens.
Learning from Synthetic Vehicles

In this paper, we release the Simulated Articulated VEhicles Dataset (SAVED) which contains images of synthetic vehicles with moveable vehicle parts. SAVED consists of images that are much more relevant for vehicle-related pattern-recognition tasks than other popular pretraining datasets such as ImageNet. Compared to a model initialized with ImageNet weights, we show that a model pretrained using SAVED leads to much better performance when recognizing vehicle parts and orientation directly from an image. We also find that a multi-task pretraining approach using fine-grained geometric signals available in SAVED leads to significant improvements in performance. By pretraining on SAVED instead of ImageNet, we reduce the error rate of one of the state of the art vehicle orientation estimators by 51.2% when tested on real images. We release SAVED and instructions on its usage here 1.1https://taesoo-kim.github. io/
Underwater Wireless Sensor Network Communication Using Electromagnetic Waves

An investigation of submerged Wireless Sensor network utilizing electromagnetic waves is presented as a part of this paper. under water communication require exceptionally effective radio wires for remote correspondence. One of the principle issues in under water communication is the low information rate accessible because of the utilization of low frequencies. Practicable data rates are achievable using electromagnetic wave transmissions. Microstrip patch antennas with various shapes are designed and use 2- 2.4 GHz frequency band in these special cases. Antennas simulated with help oh HFSS (High Frequency Structure Simulator) software. This antenna, taking into account a thickness of 1.6mm Flame Retardant 4 (FR-4) substrate with a dielectric constant of roughly 4.4. The reception apparatus execution parameters, for example, return loss, voltage standing wave proportion, data impedance and increase are concentrated on in this paper.
High Precision Frequency Estimation Method of Torpedo Acoustic Fuse Target Echo

The estimation accuracy of Doppler frequency is affected by the body target effect in near field region of submarine and torpedo,therefore a fast and accurate frequency estimation method is presented in this paper to acquire Doppler frequency in submarine target echo.This method is a combined frequency estimation method based on Rife algorithm and Quinn algorithm,making full use of the low computational complexity of Rife algorithm and the good anti-noise performance of Quinn algorithm.Aiming at the problem that Rife algorithm and Quinn algorithm have larger frequency estimation error when signal frequency is close to the discrete frequency of the discrete Fourier transform(DFT),the modified items of the frequency from Rife algorithm and Quinn algorithm are weighed to improve the fre-quency estimation precision.The simulation result shows that the present method has stable frequency estimation per-formance with less computation,and its root mean square error(RMSE) approaches much closer to Cramer-Rao lower bound(CRLB) than the Rife and Quinn algorithms,which can well meet the requirement of torpedo acoustic fuse for predicting burst point accurately.
Understanding Depression Detection Using Social Media

The social media is used in expressing thoughts as an act of finding release of minds and sharing social experience through digital manners. This has generated a plethora amount of data through the utilization of social media, where the data is categorized in multiple and different format. Posting made by social media users may include depressed patients where their data could be used in discovering cues or features of the mental illness. Researchers applied different techniques in using social media to discover the depression manners such as data mining, deep learning, and machine learning. Earlier studies have discovered factors that exhibits traits of depressed people by analysing the data from social media postings. This has helped to detect the depressive symptoms in individuals using textual data. The outcome of this paper is to review previous studies and evaluate the factors used to detect depression from the social media.
A Modified Discriminance in Performance Reliability Simulation of Solid Rocket Motor

In the assessment of internal ballistic performance reliability of Solid Rocket Motor (SRM), eigenvalue discriminance method has long been used. In order to avoid the limitations of the traditional methods, a curve similarity discriminance modification combined with Hausdorff Distance was introduced. A Monte-Carlo simulation model of internal ballistic performance was established, and several uncertain parameters were chosen. A sample analysis of performance reliability of a designed SRM was presented. The result was credible, which proved the modification is feasible and it can meet the needs of the assessment of the internal ballistic performance reliability.
Bi-Axis: an alternative to slender spindle for apple orchards

The use of the dwarfing M.9 rootstock is widespread in apple orchards due to the high tree efficiency it induces. Today it is possible to purchase a given type of tree congruent with the desired orchard design. Alongside the traditional chip-budded trees produced in a two-year cycle, there are types like two-year knip plants, trees obtained with the June bud (1-year-old) and bench-budded plants in a one-year cycle. These different types of plants are suitable for the spindle training system. The innovative ‘bi-axis’ system requires a pre-formed, split-branch tree produced in the nursery that obviates the need for heading in the orchard and the one-year delay in shoot-system formation. The spindle system is widely employed in apple orchards to boost planting densities up to 4,000 trees per hectare. The bi-axis system utilizes the novel idea of training plants with 2 axes so as to divide the vigour over more branches. Two sets of trials are underway with ‘Fuji’ in different environments, i.e. an upland orchard in Trento Province and a lowland one in the Po valley, to compare the vegetative and cropping traits of bi-axes against the traditional spindle in high density plantings. The comparison of the two systems has so far shown some differences in tree growth patterns and yield. Vigour is distributed over two axes in the Y- tree shape which helps control tree-growth. Shoot length is almost halved in the bi-axis system compared to the spindle. No significant differences in yield and crop quality were found in the first 2-3 years, but the bi-axis trees seem to produce better fruit red overcolour than spindle after four-five years.
If You Build It, They Won’t Come: Placing User-Generated Content in Context of Commercial Copyright Policy

The present paper deals with policy changes to copyright law in light of the explosion in user-generated content, and its growing relevance to people. There are two narratives at work in modern debates about copyright. Firstly, commercial content owners (the traditional copyright industries) tend to over-emphasise the importance to the economy of maintaining the status quo, particularly by stressing the figure of copyright as a source of livelihood for struggling artists. Secondly, there is the one presented by user-generated content advocates, which assumes that it will bring about a more equal and democratic internet. The starting point will be to study usage figures for both commercial and non-commercial content, followed by an analysis of its possible implications for the much-needed overhaul in copyright policy.
Advancement of Natural Cellulosic Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering

In the recent years, tissue engineering researchers have exploited a variety of biomaterials that can potentially biomimic extracellular matrix (ECM) for tissue regeneration. Natural cellulose, mainly obtained from bacterial (BC) and plant-based (PC) sources, can serve as an a high potential scaffold material for different regenerative purposes. Natural cellulose has drawn the attention of researchers due to its advantage over synthetic cellulose in terms of . , exhibiting suitable characteristics in vitro and imitating native tissues. In this article, we will review the recent in vivo and in vitro studies aimed to assess the potentials of natural cellulose for the purpose of soft (skin, nerve, among others) and hard (bone and tooth) tissue engineering.
Study on Electric Vehicle Charging and Discharging TOU Price

In the ba ckground of wide application of the plug-in hybrid electric vehicles(PHEV),the game between the power company and the PHEV user becomes more and more frequent and intense.With the electricity price as a lever,considering the smooth grid equivalent load fluctuations of the supply side and the benefits of the user side,and using the comprehensive price reaction curve and electricity elastic matrix to represent the PHEV user's charging and discharging elastic characteristics,this paper uses the particle swarm optimization algorithm(PSO)to solve the model.Finally,through examples,the reasonable pricing mechanism for peak-valley charging and discharging as proposed in the paper has proved to be effective in smoothing the system load,and the PHEV user's economic benefits are satisfied at the same time.
Paraphrases

modified. The notes on language are short, clear and sound. The common uses of the cases are well distinguished. The subject-matter is treated very briefly. We have two other books for the same stage of progress, both of which have the merit that they are much easier than the texts on which they are based. S. E. Winbolt's Caesar's Belgian Campaign (Bell, 107 pp., is. 6d.) is successful in preserving some of the interest of the stirring story of B.G. II. The introduction is not very hopeful. There are short notes at the foot of the page, exercises and a vocabulary. In his Books of Britain and the Emperors: Book I. , Julius Caesar to Agricola (Bell, 96 pp., is.), E. C. Marchant has attempted a more difficult task. The book lacks unity of interest. We have stories of Julius and Augustus and many others, but we do not hear enough about any of them to become really interested. With Claudius we turn our attention to Britain, but, as the editor says, 'owing to the vagueness of the ancient historians it is impossible to follow the campaigns closely. ' However, we are glad to see someone trying a new experiment. Let us add that the book is remarkably well produced; the print is large and clear, there are two maps and some well-chosen pictures. There are some misprints which will give a little trouble, e.g. finitimibus gentis for finitimls gentibus. 2.
Economics of direct seeded and transplanted methods of rice production in Haryana

Direct seeding is becoming an important alternative of rice transplanting and spreading rapidly in Haryana due to labour shortage and escalating cost of production. Present study is an attempt to analyze the economics of direct seeded and transplanted methods of rice cultivation in Haryana. It was revealed that the use of human labour, machine labour and irrigation water were saved by 13.16, 41.34, and 11.88 per cent, respectively, in direct seeded rice as compared to the transplanted method of rice production. The expenditure incurred on machine, irrigation and human labour was substantially lower by 41.34, 22.45 and 6.62 per cent, respectively, in direct seeded rice than transplanted method. Direct seeded rice technology enabled farmers to increase net return and save crucial inputs.
Analysis and Solution for Current Overload and Potential Reversion Happened in Cathodic Protection System

A malfunction happened in an impressed current cathodic protection system for tank bottom in an Algeria condensate oil project is analyzed. The possible reasons which may cause large current output and abnormal potential are investigated. Field testing is carried out and the obtained data are analyzed to verify the reason. It is found that the malfunction is due to the short circuit between an anodic cable and the tank bottom, and then the malfunction is successfully eliminated.
Epistemic closure ﬁlters for natural language inference

Epistemic closure refers to the assumption that humans are able to recognize what entails or contradicts what they believe and know, or more accurately, that humans’ epistemic states are closed under logical inferences. Epistemic closure is part of a larger theory of mind ability, which is arguably crucial for downstream NLU tasks, such as inference, QA and conversation. In this project, we introduce a new automatically constructed natural language inference dataset that tests inferences related to epistemic closure. We test and further ﬁne tune the model RoBERTa-large-mnli on the new dataset, with limited positive results.
General formulation of winding factor for fractional-slot concentrated winding design

Fractional-slot winding configurations have attracted much attention due to the availability of concentrated windings and low cogging torque in permanent magnet brushless motors. For the design of the winding configurations, many design parameters must be determined. The winding factor provides a useful index for the optimal design. However, no general expressions of the winding factor have been derived for all the winding configurations. This study performs the general formulation of the winding factor for the fractional-slot concentrated windings. The winding factor is redefined for stator windings without any information of the numbers of poles. For given stator windings, the optimal numbers of poles are determined from the obtained winding factors. The design strategy for the winding configurations is validated through a finite element method analysis.
Theophrastus' Metaphysics

Politeness itself suggests that faced with so comprehensive a work, a reviewer should find some small grounds for disagreement. In this connection, I mention the speech of' Lysias,' which presents the coldly sensual face of enlightenment, a brutally Sadean rationale of eros. Vahlen, as H. reminds us, pointed out that there were considerable correspondences of vocabulary between this speech and that of the surviving speeches of Lysias. But there are also items which do not occur in the speeches, which might be significant if we had more of the speeches extant as a basis for comparison. These and other more detailed considerations which make linguistic arguments inconclusive are well ventilated by Dopp (Glotta, 1983) reinforced by Gorgemanns (RhM 2, 1988) amongst recent writers who have recourse to a higher criticism argument in favour of Lysian authorship, a line of approach which H. also accepts: simply put, it seems strange that Plato should have set up as an Aunt Sally a bad speech written by himself in order to have it criticized in other speeches written by himself. But if I ask why we should in this dialogue alone (leaving aside the question of the Menexenus) be confronted with so extensive a quotation, I am answered by wise remarks of H. himself on the flexibility afforded by the dialogue form for setting up and demolishing all kinds of errors and unwanted arguments (RhM 3-4, 1988). I think the element of play in this dialogue, which H. discusses interestingly in his appendix on word-play, makes fun of Phaedrus, a not very bright character with a penchant for collecting speeches about eros. At the time of writing, Lysias was dead, Phaedrus also, and no harm done. There were probably so many speeches on the subject available that another supposititious one would scarcely draw comment. Plato was at liberty to compose a speech that would serve his larger philosophical purpose. What better to select for a discussion of eros than an illustration attributed to a somewhat dated orator of old fashioned institutionalized homosexuality broken by sophistic? H. 's view remains on the Lysian side of scepticism: mine on the Platonic. The problem remains.
Research on Method Used for Extracting Multilayer Coil's Stray Capacitance of Electromagnetic Relay

The theoretical analysis and simulation methods were used to extract the stray parameters of electromagnetic relay's electromagnetic system,and the equivalent circuit model was founded.In the frequence range of interference 0~200 MHz,calculation results were compared with measurement results,and the error was in fifteen percent,which indicated that the model was right and the method was effective.The conclusion was of great value for research on how electromagnetic relay was effected by electromagnetic interference(EMI). The method of extracting coil's stray capacitance was applicable for coils that had random level number.