Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Etude de la stabilité et de la précision des modèles utilisés dans la correction des effets de proximité optique en photolithographie

A l’heure actuelle, les modeles photochimiques utilises dans la correction des effets de proximiteoptique (OPC) en photolithographie sont devenus complexes et moins physiques afin de permettre decapturer rapidement le maximum d’effets optiques et chimiques. La question de la stabilite de tels modelespurement empiriques est devenue d’actualite. Dans ce memoire, nous avons etudie la stabilite desmodeles photochimiques actuels en examinant les differentes causes d’instabilite vis-a-vis des parametresdu procede. Dans la suite, nous avons developpe une methode perturbative permettant d’evaluer le criterede la stabilite. L’obtention de modeles simples et stables nous conduit a separer les effets optiques desautres effets chimiques. De plus, les approximations utilisees dans la modelisation des systemes optiquesoperant a grande ouverture numerique entrainent des erreurs residuelles pouvant degrader la precisionet la stabilite des modeles OPC. Ainsi, nous nous sommes interesses a etudier les limites de validitede l’approximation de Kirchhoff, methode qui, jusqu’a present, est la plus utilisee dans la modelisationdu champ proche d’un masque. D’autres methodes semi-rigoureuses, permettant de modeliser les effetstopographiques, ont ete egalement evaluees. Ces methodes approchees permettent de gagner en precisionmais degradent le temps de calcul. Nous avons ainsi propose differentes facons de corriger les effetstopographiques du masque, tout en gardant l’approximation de Kirchhoff dans la modelisation de la partieoptique. Parmi les methodes proposees, nous exploitons celle permettant de reduire les erreurs lieesaux effets topographiques du masque par l’intermediaire d’un second modele empirique. Nous montronsque pour garantir une precision adequate, il est necessaire d’augmenter la complexite du modele en rajoutantdes termes additionnels. Enfin, pour garantir la stabilite numerique du modele empirique, nousintroduirons une nouvelle methode approchee hybride rapide et precise, la methode des multi-niveaux,permettant d’inclure les effets topographiques par decomposition multi-niveaux du masque fin et discuteronsses avantages et ses limites.
Variable Selection in Nonlinear Systems Modelling

A new algorithm which preselects variables in nonlinear system models is introduced by converting the problem into a variable selection procedure for a set of linearised models. Based on this result an algorithm which consists of a cluster analysis linearisation sub-region division procedure, a linear subset selection routine usin an all possible regression algorithm and a genetic algorithm is developed. This algorithm can be applied to the modelling of nonlinear systems using a wide class of model forms including the nonlinear polynomial model, the nonlinear rational model, artificial neural networks and others. Numerical simulations are included to demonstrate the efficiency of the new algorithm.
Cell Division Cycle-Associated Protein 3 (CDCA3) Is a Potential Biomarker for Clinical Prognosis and Immunotherapy in Pan-Cancer

CDCA3 is an essential regulator in cell mitosis and can regulate many physiological and pathological processes in the human body by stimulating certain proteins such as cell cycle regulatory proteins, transcription factors, and signal transduction molecules. Although several studies have shown that dysregulation of CDCA3 is a common phenomenon in human cancers, no systematic pan-cancer analysis has been performed. In this study, we comprehensively investigated the role of CDCA3 in 33 human cancer types by utilizing multiple cancer-related databases and bioinformatics analysis tools, including TCGA, GTEx, GEPIA, TIMER, STRING, Metascape, and Cytoscape. Evidence from bioinformatics databases shows that CDCA3 is overexpressed in almost all human cancer types, and its overexpression is significantly associated with survival in patients with more than ten cancer types. CDCA3 expression positively correlates with immune cell infiltration levels in multiple human cancer types. Furthermore, the results of the GSEA analysis revealed that overexpression of CDCA3 may promote the malignant progression of cancer by activating various oncogenic signaling pathways in human cancers. In conclusion, our pan-cancer analysis provides a comprehensive overview of the oncogenic role of CDCA3 in multiple human cancer types, suggesting that CDCA3 may serve as a potential therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker in multiple human cancer types.
The Impact of Environmental Regulation on Agricultural Productivity: From the Perspective of Digital Transformation

China’s goal of becoming a strong agricultural country cannot be achieved without the modernization and digital transformation of the agricultural sector. Presently, China’s agriculture has ushered in the era of digital economy transformation. The digital transformation of agriculture has played a huge role in improving agricultural productivity, promoting sustainable development of China’s agricultural economy, and achieving sustainable development goals. The deep integration of digital economy and agricultural economy has become an important issue of The Times. This study uses a two-way fixed-effects model and an instrumental variable method to examine the impact of environmental regulation on agricultural total factor productivity. Using the method of mechanism analysis, the conduction path of improving agricultural productivity under the means of environmental regulation is discussed. Therefore, the visualization analysis results based on the panel data of Chinese agricultural enterprises from 2011 to 2019 show that the distribution of digital transformation and productivity level of enterprises is uneven and tends to be stable in space. The empirical analysis results show that there is a direct and significant positive relationship between voluntary environmental regulation and agricultural total factor productivity. The results of mechanism analysis show that, under the means of environmental regulation, digital transformation plays an indirect role in improving agricultural productivity. On the basis of enriching and deepening the theoretical extension of the “Porter Hypothesis”, this study subtly incorporates environmental regulation, digital transformation, and agricultural productivity into a unified framework, expanding existing research.
Nanoclays in medicine: a new frontier of an ancient medical practice

Clays have been used as early as 2500 BC in human civilization for medicinal purposes. The ease of availability, biocompatibility, and versatility of these unique charged 2D structures abundantly available in nature have enabled the extensive applications of clays in human history. Recent advances in the use of clays in nanostructures and as components of polymer clay nanocomposites have exponentially expanded the use of clays in medicine. This review covers the details of structures and biomedical applications of several common clays, including montmorillonite, LAPONITE®, kaolinite, and halloysite. Here we describe the applications of these clays in wound dressings as hemostatic agents in drug delivery of drugs for cancer and other diseases and tissue engineering. Also reviewed are recent experimental and modeling studies that elucidate the impact of clay structures on cellular processes and cell adhesion processes. Various mechanisms of clay-mediated bioactivity, including protein localization, modulation of cell adhesion, biomineralization, and the potential of clay nanoparticles to impact cell differentiation, are presented. We also review the current developments in understanding the impact of clays on cellular responses. This review also elucidates new emerging areas of use of nanoclays in osteogenesis and the development of in vitro models of bone metastasis of cancer.
Study of Sleep Duration and Mental Health Characteristics of Preschool Children

Sleep is one of the most important human physiological states. Little is known about the link between sleep duration and children's mental disorders, external or internal difficulties, and future problems. It is understood that the environment, parents, and cultural aspects could have the greatest impact on children's sleep. The survey was conducted by an anonymous questionnaire in March-May 2021. All subjects were divided into 3 groups according to the duration of children's sleep: Group I - sleep 10-13 hours; II -8-10 h; III - ≤ 8 h. Aim of the study: to assess sleep duration and mental health characteristics of 4–5-year-old children. The study analyzed 304 questionnaires. Distribution of children by gender - 48.4% boys 51.6% girls. Group I was 45.1%; II - 44.7%; Group III 10.2%. The median of the internal difficulty scores in the SDQ questionnaire of group I was the lowest (2) and the highest in group III (4) (p = 0.030). The median of the external difficulty scores in the SDQ questionnaire of group I was the lowest (5) and the highest in group III (7) (p = 0.002). More than half of the children slept less than 10 hours. It was observed that less than 10 h. sleeping children had higher internalized and externalized difficulties. The research data indicates that it is so important to strengthen and develop better sleep hygiene in children.
Real-World Study of Osimertinib in Korean Patients with Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor T790M Mutation–Positive Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer

Purpose Although osimertinib is the standard-of-care treatment of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) T790M mutation–positive non–small cell lung cancer, real-world evidence on the efficacy of osimertinib is not enough to reflect the complexity of the entire course of treatment. Herein, we report on the use of osimertinib in patients with EGFR T790M mutation–positive non–small cell lung cancer who had previously received EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment in Korea. Materials and Methods Patients with confirmed EGFR T790M after disease progression of prior EGFR-TKI were enrolled and administered osimertinib 80 mg daily. The primary effectiveness outcome was progression-free survival, with time-to-treatment discontinuation, treatment and adverse effects leading to treatment discontinuation, and overall survival being the secondary endpoints. Results A total of 558 individuals were enrolled, and 55.2% had investigator-assessed responses. The median progression-free survival was 14.2 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 13.0 to 16.4), and the median time-to-treatment discontinuation was 15.0 months (95% CI, 14.1 to 15.9). The median overall survival was 36.7 months (95% CI, 30.9 to not reached). The benefit with osimertinib was consistent regardless of the age, sex, smoking history, and primary EGFR mutation subtype. However, hepatic metastases at the time of diagnosis, the presence of plasma EGFR T790M, and the shorter duration of prior EGFR-TKI treatment were poor predictors of osimertinib treatment. Ten patients (1.8%), including three with pneumonitis, had to discontinue osimertinib due to severe adverse effects. Conclusion Osimertinib demonstrated its clinical effectiveness and survival benefit for EGFR T790M mutation–positive in Korean patients with no new safety signals.
The Silo Game: A Simulation on Interdisciplinary Collaboration

Collaboration is a highly valued skill in construction, and it has become essential considering the advent of more collaborative delivery methods (e.g., design-build, integrated project delivery). This paper introduces the Silo Game which is a teaching simulation developed to mimic the trade-offs made during the design process to meet client's requirements while also meeting project goals. This simulation mimics the development of an environmentally conscious building using two phases: one illustrating disciplines isolated in teams mimicking silos and another with multi-disciplinary teams. The facilitator assumes the role of an owner and participants are assigned one of the four roles defined for the game: architect, civil engineer, mechanical engineer, and electrical engineer to meet the project's conditions of satisfaction defined early in the game. Initially, the professionals are grouped by role and later assigned to multi-disciplinary teams. The game has been played with three undergraduate classes and also with the Administering and Playing Lean Simulations Online (APLSO) community and the instructions are easy to relay. The lessons learned can be directly translated to construction settings sparking discussions about various Lean tenets and systems including integrated project delivery contracts, target value design, collaboration, and conditions of satisfaction.
Virtual Machine Placement Optimization for Big Data Applications in Cloud Computing

Big data and cloud computing are two advanced technologies that have overcome many computing and analytical challenges in recent years. With the rise in the applications of these technologies, the necessity of efficiency and optimization in the utilization of related resources has made sense. The procedure of locating virtual machines (VM) in physical machines (PM) affects the performance, speed, and costs of cloud computing services. VM placement in cloud computing is an NP-hard problem. Indeed, the problem is more complicated in big data tasks due to the need for transferring high volumes of traffic between VMs. This paper proposes a new approach for VM placement in a multi data center (DC) cloud environment. The aware genetic algorithm first fit (AGAFF) is a context-aware algorithm that distinguishes big data tasks with an input tag and uses a structure to minimize the traffic between MapReduce nodes. This multi-objective algorithm is based on the genetic algorithm, which is incorporated with the first fit methodology. The algorithm minimizes energy usage by minimizing the number of used servers, intra-DC traffic of big data tasks, and VMs’ live migration while maximizing relevant usage of CPU and RAM in every server. Furthermore, it improves job execution time, especially in big data processing, and reduces service level agreement (SLA) violations. A comparison between the results of AGAFF and four other algorithms shows by about 61% energy consumption reduction on average on different scales and approves a decrease in the number of needed PMs, intra-DC traffic of big data processing, and the number of live migrations.
Direct Analysis of Mitochondrial Damage Caused by Misfolded/Destabilized Proteins

Protein quality control is essential for cellular homeostasis. In this study, we examined the effect of improperly folded proteins that do not form amyloid fibrils on mitochondria, which play important roles in ATP production and cell death. First, we prepared domain 3 of the dengue envelope protein in wild type and four mutants with widely different biophysical properties in misfolded/aggregated or destabilized states. The effects of the different proteins were detected using fluorescence microscopy and Western blotting, which revealed that three of the five proteins disrupted both inner and outer membrane integrity, while the other two proteins, including the wild type, did not. Next, we examined the common characteristics of the proteins that displayed toxicity against mitochondria by measuring oligomer size, molten globule-like properties, and thermal stability. The common feature of all three toxic proteins was thermal instability. Therefore, our data strongly suggest that thermally unstable proteins generated in the cytosol can cause cellular damage by coming into direct contact with mitochondria. More importantly, we revealed that this damage is not amyloid-specific.
SOLVING A TWO VARIABLES FREE BOUNDARY PROBLEM ARISING IN A PERPETUAL AMERICAN EXCHANGE OPTION PRICING MODEL

We investigate an American exchange option (AEO) pricing problem. Under the perfect market assumption, an AEO pricing problem can be modeled as a free boundary problem (FBP). The FBP is converted into an integral equation by using the Green’s function. When the expiration date tends to infinity, we obtain a time-invariant constant of the exercise boundary. Moreover, we provide a pricing formula for valuating the early exercise premium of the perpetual AEO.
New insights in ARDS pathogenesis

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening condition in critically ill patients characterized by hypoxemia and non-compliant lung. In this review, we discuss the pathophysiology of ARDS, including the mechanisms involved in the formation of pulmonary edema, the dysregulated inflammatory and immune responses, the activation of procoagulant events, the cellular communication by extracellular vesicles (EVs) between different types of cells and the interaction of the lung with other organs. Activation of inflammation, coagulation, and cell death processes result in the disruption of the alveolar-capillary membrane and the consequent protein-rich edema formation in the alveoli, in which structural and functional alterations of the alveolar epithelium play an essential role. Inflammation and activated endothelial cells trigger coagulation cascades and platelets that generate a procoagulant state in both the airspace and the intravascular compartment with the formation of fibrin in airspaces and thrombi in the microvasculature that aggravate alveolar injury and gas exchange. The crosstalk between epithelial/endothelial cells, platelets, and immune cells is mediated by EVs, whose role in the pathogenesis of ARDS is not known. Finally, the interaction of the lung with other organs has become an important determinant in the development and resolution of ARDS. Understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in ARDS is crucial to developing new therapeutic strategies.
Ni(II) Ions May Target the Entire Melatonin Biosynthesis Pathway—A Plausible Mechanism of Nickel Toxicity

Nickel is toxic to humans. Its compounds are carcinogenic. Furthermore, nickel allergy is a severe health problem that affects approximately 10–20% of humans. The mechanism by which these conditions develop remains unclear, but it may involve the cleavage of specific proteins by nickel ions. Ni(II) ions cleave the peptide bond preceding the Ser/Thr-Xaa-His sequence. Such sequences are present in all four enzymes of the melatonin biosynthesis pathway, i.e., tryptophan 5-hydroxylase 1, aromatic-l-amino-acid decarboxylase, serotonin N-acetyltransferase, and acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase. Moreover, fragments prone to Ni(II) are exposed on surfaces of these proteins. Our results indicate that all four studied fragments undergo cleavage within tens of hours at pH 8.2 and 37 °C, corresponding with the conditions in the mitochondrial matrix. Since melatonin, a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent, is synthesized within the mitochondria of virtually all human cells, depleting its supply may be detrimental, e.g., by raising the oxidative stress level. Intriguingly, Ni(II) ions have been shown to mimic hypoxia through the stabilization of HIF-1α protein, but melatonin prevents the action of HIF-1α. Considering all this, the enzymes of the melatonin biosynthesis pathway seem to be a toxicological target for Ni(II) ions.
Physical, Mechanical, and Biological Properties of Fibrin Scaffolds for Cartilage Repair

Articular cartilage is a highly organized tissue that provides remarkable load-bearing and low friction properties, allowing for smooth movement of diarthrodial joints; however, due to the avascular, aneural, and non-lymphatic characteristics of cartilage, joint cartilage has self-regeneration and repair limitations. Cartilage tissue engineering is a promising alternative for chondral defect repair. It proposes models that mimic natural tissue structure through the use of cells, scaffolds, and signaling factors to repair, replace, maintain, or improve the specific function of the tissue. In chondral tissue engineering, fibrin is a biocompatible biomaterial suitable for cell growth and differentiation with adequate properties to regenerate damaged cartilage. Additionally, its mechanical, biological, and physical properties can be enhanced by combining it with other materials or biological components. This review addresses the biological, physical, and mechanical properties of fibrin as a biomaterial for cartilage tissue engineering and as an element to enhance the regeneration or repair of chondral lesions.
The numerical spread as a measure of non-stationarity: boundary effects in the numerical expected ambiguity function

Establishing measures for local stationarity is an open problem in the field of time-frequency analysis. One promising theoretical measure, known as the spread, provides a means for quantifying potential correlation between signal elements. In previous papers we investigated the issue of implementing such a measure for discrete signals. The numerical spread was introduced as a means of applying and investigating the techniques previously only studied theoretically. When implementing such a scheme it became necessary to augment the covariance matrix so that the resulting ambiguity space has a uniform resolution. In this paper we compare three extension schemes: zero padding, circular extension, and edge replication, to determine which provides the best estimate of the numerical spread. Based on our results, we determined that the method of normalized edge replication is least likely to inflate the estimate of the spread.
A Critical Analysis of the Implementation Process of Education Policy Borrowing: New Curriculum Reform in China

xamines the situation of education policy reference. New curriculum reform, namely “a new round of basic education curriculum reform”. Alternative approaches, such as school-based curricula, student-centred teaching methods, and formative assessment, have been used to draw on the NCR. In this essay, the borrowing process of China’s new curriculum reform will be analysed and discussed based on the four-stage analysis of Phillips and Ochs. At the same time, it focuses on the analysis of the core content—the specific implementation process of NCR, especially the content of “student-centred” pedagogy.
Confinement Effects on the Magnetic Ionic Liquid 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Tetrachloroferrate(III)

Confinement effects for the magnetoresponsive ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrachloroferrate(III), [C2mim]FeCl4, are explored from thermal, spectroscopic, and magnetic points of view. Placing the ionic liquid inside SBA-15 mesoporous silica produces a significant impact on the material’s response to temperature, pressure, and magnetic fields. Isobaric thermal experiments show melting point reductions that depend on the pore diameter of the mesopores. The confinement-induced reductions in phase transition temperature follow the Gibbs–Thomson equation if a 1.60 nm non-freezable interfacial layer is postulated to exist along the pore wall. Isothermal pressure-dependent infrared spectroscopy reveals a similar modification to phase transition pressures, with the confined ionic liquid requiring higher pressures to trigger phase transformation than the unconfined system. Confinement also impedes ion transport as activation energies are elevated when the ionic liquid is placed inside the mesopores. Finally, the antiferromagnetic ordering that characterizes unconfined [C2mim]FeCl4 is suppressed when the ionic liquid is confined in 5.39-nm pores. Thus, confinement provides another avenue for manipulating the magnetic properties of this compound.