Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Radiation transfer in the cavity and shell of a planetary nebula

We develop an approximate analytical solution for the transfer of line-averaged radiation in the hydrogen recombination lines for the ionized cavity and molecular shell of a spherically symmetric planetary nebula. The scattering problem is treated as a perturbation, using a mean intensity derived from a scattering-free solution. The analytical function was fitted to Hα and Hβ data from the planetary nebula NGC 6537. The position of the maximum in the intensity profile produced consistent values for the radius of the cavity as a fraction of the radius of the dusty nebula: 0.21 for Hα and 0.20 for Hβ. Recovered optical depths were broadly consistent with observed optical extinction in the nebula, but the range of fit parameters in this case is evidence for a clumpy distribution of dust.
Role of HR Practices (Bundle) In Gaining Employee’s Outcomes: An Empirical Study in the Context of Pharmaceutical Sector of Pakistan

In this modern and competitive era, the phenomenon of gaining employee’s outcomes is major apprehension across the globe. So, this paper attempts to suggest a detailed conceptual framework of HR practices (bundle) that contribute in employee’s outcome. Therefore, we highlighted various HRP bundle; namely recruitment and selection, training and development, employee’s involvement, employee’s empowerment, team working, job security, performance appraisal and extensive remuneration system as independent variable. While certain aspects of employee’s outcomes (employees commitment, engagement, satisfaction, employee’s loyalty and employee’s motivation) taken as dependent variable. The data has been gathered from 350 employees of Pharmaceutical sector of Lahore; Pakistan through survey. Regression analysis has been used to check and test the association between selected variables. Results indicate the HRP bundle has positive significant relationship with employee’s outcomes. The above study is provided an enormous contribution in the overall literature of the topic. This study will also be useful for the managers to ensure the effective policies that help them to improve the employee’s outcomes through focusing upon the implementation of various HR practices (bundle).
Stellar GADGET: a smoothed particle hydrodynamics code for stellar astrophysics and its application to Type Ia supernovae from white dwarf mergers

Mergers of two carbon-oxygen white dwarfs have long been suspected to be progenitors of Type Ia Supernovae. Here we present our modifications to the cosmological smoothed particle hydrodynamics code Gadget to apply it to stellar physics including but not limited to mergers of white dwarfs. We demonstrate a new method to map a one-dimensional profile of an object in hydrostatic equilibrium to a stable particle distribution. We use the code to study the effect of initial conditions and resolution on the properties of the merger of two white dwarfs. We compare mergers with approximate and exact binary initial conditions and find that exact binary initial conditions lead to a much more stable binary system but there is no difference in the properties of the actual merger. In contrast, we find that resolution is a critical issue for simulations of white dwarf mergers. Carbon burning hotspots which may lead to a detonation in the so-called violent merger scenario emerge only in simulations with sufficient resolution but independent of the type of binary initial conditions. We conclude that simulations of white dwarf mergers which attempt to investigate their potential for Type Ia supernovae should be carried out with at least 10^6 particles.
Mixed loss and delay retrial queueing system with two classes of customers

This paper is concerned with the analysis of a single-server batch arrival retrial queue with two classes of customers. In the case of blocking, the class-1 customers leave the system forever whereas the class-2 customers leave the service area and enter the orbit and wait to be served later. The necessary and sufficient condition for the system to be stable is derived and analytic results for the queue length distribution as well as some per-formance measures of the system under steady state condition are obtained. A general decomposition law for the retrial queueing system is established.
Métodos de Mitigação de Efeitos Reverberantes e Ruidosos com Ganho de Inteligibilidade e Qualidade

—This work presents an analysis of methods to improve intelligibility and quality of speech signals under noisy reverberant scenarios. Four methods are considered in the evaluation for three different reverberation rooms and four noises with different degrees of nonstationarity. Two objective intelligibility measures and two quality measures are applied for objective assessment. Results show that the GTF F0 ( F0-based Gammatone Filtering ) solution leads to the highest improvement in terms of intelligibility and quality.
Constraining conformal field theories with a higher spin symmetry in d=4

We study unitary conformal field theories with a unique stress tensor and at least one higher-spin conserved current in four dimensions. We prove that every such theory contains an infinite number of higher-spin conserved currents of arbitrarily high spin, and that Ward identities generated by the conserved charges of these currents suffice to completely fix the correlators of the stress tensor and the conserved currents to be equal to one of three free field theories: the free boson, the free fermion, and the free vector field. This is a generalization of the result proved in three dimensions by Maldacena and Zhiboedov [arXiv:1112.1016].
Fpack and Funpack User's Guide: FITS Image Compression Utilities

Fpack is a utility program for optimally compressing images in the FITS (Flexible Image Transport System) data format (see this http URL). The associated funpack program restores the compressed image file back to its original state (if a lossless compression algorithm is used). (An experimental method for compressing FITS binary tables is also available; see section 7). These programs may be run from the host operating system command line and are analogous to the gzip and gunzip utility programs except that they are optimized for FITS format images and offer a wider choice of compression options.
An Evaluation of Quality Model Making Between Guided and Non-Guided Group

The majority of design school programmes fine-tune their approach and implementation of design courses. Students will be taught to do research and understand problem-solving techniques. Additionally, students learn to sketch to convey ideas and to build models of products and thoughts. The more skilled students get at rapidly creating models, the more quickly their concept will be grasped. Model making (MM) is a vital element in the industrial design process where the designer visualizes the design from two-dimensional to three-dimensional stage. However, numerous researchers have highlighted problems in understanding MM comprehensively among undergraduate students based on the previous study conducted. Through the valuing and reviewing process of the previous experimental evidence in the operational model of the MM process, the lack of mastery, especially in the context of foam sculpting, material selection and processes, and handling tools were found. Therefore, there is a need to develop MM techniques and processes related to the Malaysia context to produce a quality model. This research proposes to study the understanding of model making techniques among industrial design students at the public universities (IPTA) and private universities (IPTS) in Malaysia. Open-Structure Interview will be conducted with 30 undergraduate industrial design students followed by an observation procedure using Protocol Analysis to analyze the effectiveness and significance differences of model making techniques between the guided and non-guided approaches. Video Recorder will be used to capture both interviews and observations, and Adobe Premiere Pro will be used to process the videos. Finally, the model making expert will evaluate and compare the quality of model making results between the guided and non-guided approach of model making throughout the research activity. Syntactic analysis will be used to investigate the relationship between form and entity, indicating a consistent approach to visual composition, functionality, and design format. The implications of this research aspire to benefit the education system, assist future designers and future design educators in their understanding of MM. Moreover, the significant outcomes of this research will aid in improving the quality of education as a socioeconomic drivers in Malaysia which in the line with one of the Framework 10-10 Science, Technology, Innovation and Economic Malaysia (MySTIE) detailed by The Ministry of Science, Technology, and Innovation Malaysia (MOSTI).
A Novel Bidirectional Wider Range of Boost-Buck Three-Level LCC Resonant Converter as an Energy Link

In order to maintain different voltage levels between the front and rear dc terminal bus derived from new energy industry, a novel bidirectional wider range of boost-buck three-level LCC resonant converter as an energy link is proposed by combining the LCC resonant tank module with a particular three-level coupling cascaded neutral point clamping active bridges, which is composed of two three-level neutral point clamping bridge arms. Furthermore, the converter can, respectively, establish forward LCC and backward SRC working modes to maintain unified wider bidirectional voltage gain range between the input and output by asymmetric structure of LCC resonant tank module that boost-voltage is enabled by equivalent principle of conventional LCC resonant converter and buck-voltage is enabled by equivalent principle of conventional series resonant converter, while, a unified bidirectional boost-buck voltage gain matching control strategy is designed with an optimization about parameters of LCC resonant tank module under realizing of zero voltage switching-on and reducing of reactive power losses. Finally, according to the simulation platform and experimental prototype, it can be shown that the practical voltage gain is closed to the theoretical designed gain and converter has good dynamic performances after realizing of soft-switching in each mode.
Electrical-modelling, design and simulation of cumulative radiation effects in semiconductor pixels detectors: prospects and limits

Silicon detectors have gained in popularity since silicon became a widely used electronic semiconductor material. Silicon detectors are used in particle physics as well as imagers for pixel based detecting systems. Over the past twenty years a lot of experimental efforts have been focused on the effects of ionizing and non-ionizing radiation on silicon based detectors including charged coupled devices (CCDs). Some of this research was performed in the framework of high luminosity particle physics experiments, along with radiation hardness studies of basic semiconductors devices. The building blocks of silicon pixel detectors including CCDs are simple PIN or PN structures partially or totally depleted, or even MOS and APD (Avalanche PhotoDiode) structures. Bulk or surface defects considerably affect the transport of free carriers. We propose here guidelines for pixel design. The method takes into account the properties of defects and will be tested through two pixel structures. The electrical properties of defects can be reduced to basic parameters, which can be introduced in a standard simulation code to make predictive simulations. We include an analytical model for defect build up derived from isochronal annealing experiments. Studying pixels detectors with different geometrical structures and fabricated with various semiconducting materials is made possible with this method. Its purpose is to provide an alternative to tedious and extensive radiation tests on fabricated detectors. Predicting the pixel behaviour w.r. t. defect properties is necessary for the long-term reliability of detectors and for making them radiation hard. A general method for pixel design is introduced and we will show how it can be used for the design of alternative (germanium) pixels.
Distributed Secondary Control for Island Microgrids With Expected Dynamic Performance Under Communication Delays

In island microgrids, the increasing integration of inverter-interfaced distributed generators (DGs) degrades the dynamic performance of the control system. The operation voltage and frequency may appear unacceptable overshoots and fluctuations under disturbances. To achieve rapid convergence while efficiently suppressing overshoot, this paper develops a distributed control method for island microgrids with expected dynamic performance. In addition to the typical distributed consensus design, an auxiliary dynamic reshaping function is introduced into the algorithm to increase the control degree of freedom of the operation dynamics. Thus, the proposed method can realize independent and flexible configurations of the damping ratio and natural frequency of the control system, and obtain the expected state convergence and overshoot suppression performance according to the actual requirements of microgrids. Besides, different delays between DGs are also considered. Instead of simply adopting the conventional global fixed delay time, we preserve the difference of delays to the greatest extent. Such processing can effectively reduce the conservatism of control and improve the response rate. A nonlinear programming problem is also established for DGs to calculate the allowable delays under the specific performance. Finally, several case studies and an RT-Lab experiment evaluate the effectiveness of the method.
Automatic High-Resolution Mustache Pattern Synthesis From Denim Fabric

Denim kumaşlarındaki bıyık desenlerinin elde edilmesi uzman bir kişi tarafından manuel olarak yaklaşık 2-3 saat sürmektedir. Zamansal maliyetle birlikte kişi bazlı üretimden kaynaklı hatalar meydana gelmektedir. Bu problemin çözümü için bu çalışmada güncel Çekişmeli üretici ağlardan biri olan Pix2PixHD mimarisi kullanılmıştır. Derin öğrenme tabanlı bu mimarinin kullanımı için 2048x1024 ebatlarındaki 589 adet Denim kumaşı-Bıyık Deseni görüntü çiftinden oluşan Denim2BıyıkHD veri kümesi hazırlanmıştır. Mimarinin en uygun sonuçları verebilmesi için üzerinde iyileştirmeler yapılarak geliştirilmiş versiyonu önerilmiştir. Eğitim işleminden sonra geliştirilmiş yöntemle birlikte görüntü kalitesinde yaklaşık 92% oranında başarım sağlanırken, zamansal üretim işlem maliyeti 1 saniyenin altına düşürülmüştür. Bu çalışmayla birlikte Denim kumaşlarındaki bıyık desenlerinin otomatik, yüksek kalitede, hızlı ve nesnel bir şekilde üretimini sağlayan yazılımsal bir sistem geliştirilmiştir.
A Systematic Review of Spatial Approximations in Spatial Database Systems

Many applications rely on spatial information retrieval, which involves costly computational geometric algorithms to process spatial queries. Spatial approximations simplify the geometric shape of complex spatial objects, allowing faster spatial queries at the expense of result accuracy. In this sense, spatial approximations have been employed to efficiently reduce the number of objects under consideration, followed by a refinement step to restore accuracy. For instance, spatial index structures employ spatial approximations to organize spatial objects in hierarchical structures (e.g., the R-tree). It leads to the interest in studying how spatial approximations can be efficiently employed to improve spatial query processing. This article presents a systematic review on this topic. We gather relevant studies by performing a search string on several digital libraries. We further expand the studies under consideration by employing a single iteration of the snowballing approach, where we track the reference list of selected papers. As a result, we provide an overview and comparison of existing approaches that propose, evaluate, or make use of spatial approximations to optimize the performance of spatial queries. The spatial approximations mentioned by the approaches are also summarized. Further, we characterize the approaches and discuss some future trends.
Rescattering effects in B_{u,d,s}(bar) to D P, D(bar) P decays

We study quasi-elastic rescattering effects in B_{u,d,s}(bar) to DP, D(bar)P decays, where P is a light pseudoscalar. The updated measurements of B_{u,d}(bar) to DP decays are used to extract the effective Wilson coefficients a^{eff}_1 ~ 0.90, a^{eff}_2 ~ 0.23, three strong phases delta ~ 53 degree, theta ~ 18 degree, sigma ~ -88 degree, and the mixing angle tau ~ 9 degree. This information is used to predict rates of nineteen B_{s}(bar) to DP and B_{u,d,s}(bar) to D(bar)P decay modes, including modes of interests in the gamma/phi_3 program. Many decay rates are found to be enhanced. In particular, the B_s(bar) to D0 K0 rate is predicted to be 8\times 10^{-4}, which could be measured soon. The rescattering effects on the corresponding B_{u,d,s}(bar) to D(bar)P, DP amplitude ratios r_B, r_{B_s}, and the relative strong phases delta_B, delta_{B_s} are studied. Although the decay rates are enhanced in most cases, r_{B,B_s} values are similar to factorization expectation.
Minimal supersymmetric standard model Higgs bosons in the intense-coupling regime

We perform a comprehensive study of the Higgs sector of the Minimal Supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model in the case where all Higgs bosons are rather light, with masses of ${\cal O}(100 GeV)$, and couple maximally to electroweak gauge bosons and strongly to standard third generation fermions, i.e. for large values of the ratio of the vacuum expectation values of the two Higgs doublet fields, $\tan \beta$. We first summarize the main phenomenological features of this intense-coupling scenario and discuss the available constraints from direct searches of Higgs bosons at LEP2 and the Tevatron as well as the indirect constraints from precision measurements such as the $\rho$ parameter, the $Zb\bar{b}$ vertex, the muon $(g-2)$ and the decay $b\to s \gamma$. We then analyze the decay branching fractions of the neutral Higgs particles in this regime and their production cross sections at the upcoming colliders, the Tevatron Run II, the LHC, a 500 GeV $e^+e^-$ linear collider (in the $e^+e^-$ and $\gamma \gamma$ options) as well as at a $\mu^+ \mu^-$ collider.
Optimization of Spatial Parameters of a 2.45-GHz Atmospheric Pressure Cold Plasma Jet: Comparison Between Multiphysics Simulation and Experimental Results

In this article, the optimization of spatial parameters of a 2.45-GHz atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) at different operational parameters has been done. For this purpose, simulations and experiments have been carried out to investigate the spatial dimensions of the microwave cold plasma jet generated from the device. To achieve this, the plasma discharge behavior and jet formation have been studied at different working gas flow rates and input microwave power. The 3-D simulations have been carried out by using the plasma module and electromagnetic wave module of COMSOL Multiphysics v. 5.5. Experimental validation was achieved and simulated spatial dimensions of plasma jet showed good correspondence with the experimental results. Simulated variations of jet length and diameter with gas flow rate and applied power matched closely with experimental results. Intrinsic plasma parameters, such as electron temperature (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$T_{e}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) and number density (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n_{e}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>), were also obtained with the simulation model and compared with experimental findings based on optical emission spectroscopy (OES) results and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$T_{e}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> values matched well in both cases.
Kinematic and dynamic techniques for analyzing, predicting, and animating human locomotion

In this work, a visually realistic and dynamically sound animation of human locomotion is obtained using both kinematic and dynamic techniques. Even though the macro-physical world can be predicted quite accurately by the physics law, we manifest that dynamic techniques alone can not predict the behavior of a self actuated system. We present a technique in which kinematics and dynamics are coupled together to form the cerebrum-cerebellum animation mechanism. Kinematic techniques are used to initiate and generate goal oriented intentional motion, and dynamic techniques are applied at each frame to adjust the kinematic motion to achieve dynamic soundness without affecting the goal achievement. In the locomotion case, dynamic soundness is judged by dynamic balance of the overall system and motion comfort which is a comparative measure of the current joint torques with human strength. The dynamic control module DYNCONTROL performs balance and comfort control based on inverse dynamics and strength data. For the inverse dynamics computation, the Newton-Euler method is applied to a 97 degree of freedom human body model to compute the joint forces and torques in real-time. The effect of attached load or external forces is simulated quite accurately. Kinematic locomotion generation module KLOG is responsible for various locomotion primitives and rhythmic and non-rhythmic variation of such primitives, and cover curved path walking and running, lateral, backward, and turnaround steps, the transitions between walking and running for motion continuity, etc. Our technique has been applied to the areas such as reactive incremental path planning and virtual reality.
Simultaneous Retrieval of Multiple Aerosol Parameters Using a Multi-Angular Approach

Atmospheric aerosol particles, both natural and anthropogenic, are important to the earth's radiative balance through their direct and indirect effects. They scatter the incoming solar radiation (direct effect) and modify the shortwave reflective properties of clouds by acting as cloud condensation nuclei (indirect effect). Although it has been suggested that aerosols exert a net cooling influence on climate, this effect has received less attention than the radiative forcing due to clouds and greenhouse gases. In order to understand the role that aerosols play in a changing climate, detailed and accurate observations are a prerequisite. The retrieval of aerosol optical properties by satellite remote sensing has proven to be a difficult task. The difficulty results mainly from the tenuous nature and variable composition of aerosols. To date, with single-angle satellite observations, we can only retrieve reliably against dark backgrounds, such as over oceans and dense vegetation. Even then, assumptions must be made concerning the chemical composition of aerosols. The best hope we have for aerosol retrievals over bright backgrounds are observations from multiple angles, such as those provided by the MISR and POLDER instruments. In this investigation we examine the feasibility of simultaneous retrieval of multiple aerosol optical parameters using reflectances from a typical set of twelve angles observed by the French POLDER instrument. The retrieved aerosol optical parameters consist of asymmetry factor, single scattering albedo, surface albedo, and optical thickness.