Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Process and structural safety: Do we need to have hazards?

Current approaches to plant design often lead to the requirement for the engineering of complex safety systems to meet demanding safety and risk criteria. Modern safety systems are highly sophisticated but can result in significant demands on designers, operators and maintainers to understand the intricacies of a system which can be subject to extensive changes during its lifecycle. Lifecycles for some envisaged storage systems in the nuclear industry now extend to over 100 years which could give rise to very large costs for operation, modification and maintenance. Often there is a tendency to concentrate on active, mitigating or operator based safety systems rather than using process design or passive systems. Ideally safe plant design should aim to design out hazards, or design in passive safeguards, with residual risks being managed by active, mitigating or response based systems. This paper illustrates how the use of process design and structural safety concepts can significantly reduce demands upon the engineering of complex safety systems. Examples are given of how process optimisation has significant reduced hazard potential and the complexity of engineering required for safety systems. Structural engineering and design concept examples are used to illustrate how simple and elegant solutions may be found early in the design process. (3 pages)
Long-Term Field and Horticultural Crops Intensification in Semiarid Regions Influence the Soil Physiobiochemical Properties and Nutrients Status

The study was conducted to assess the long-term effects of predominant land uses on physicochemical properties, nutrient status and their interactions in soils of south-western Punjab representing the semi-arid soils of India. From each site, soil samples of three predominant land use viz. croplands, horticultural lands and uncultivated lands were collected from 0–15, 15–30, 30–60 and 60–90 cm depths. Soils of both croplands and horticultural lands were classified as sandy loam whereas uncultivated lands showed loamy sand texture with relatively higher pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and bulk density (Bd). Greater soil organic carbon (SOC), available nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and micronutrients (Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn) in horticulture might be due to the higher addition of OC and mineral nutrients through the decomposition of leaf litterfall and root deposits over their removal from soils while long-term use of potassic fertilizer raised the available K contents in croplands. Profile study up to 90 cm depicted the largest sequestration of 74.89 Mg C ha−1 under orchards which was 40 and 70% higher than croplands and uncultivated lands respectively. Significant variability in water-stable aggregates (WSA) (R2 = 0.5843, p < 0.05) and mean weighted diameter (MWD) (R2 = 0.6497, p < 0.01) with SOC indicated better soil stability in horticulture due to the presence of higher SOC. Positive relations of soil available micronutrients with SOC and finer soil particles were supported by the results of correlation, Principal component analysis and dendrogram indicating horticulture as a potent source of available micronutrients. An overall superiority of horticultural land use over the other two land uses in terms of nutrient status and soil stability suggests its inclusion as a positive strategy that could be taken into account in policymaking for maintaining productivity along with the sustainability of the concerned land degradation prone area.
Research on Key Risk Factors and Risk Transmission Path of Procurement in International Engineering Procurement Construction Project

As the core link of Engineering Procurement Construction (EPC) projects, procurement involves a huge amount of money and has a wide range of influence. Once the procurement risks of EPC projects occur, it is easy to cause a domino effect, which can have a huge impact on the cost, schedule and quality of the construction project. Therefore, this paper took international EPC projects as the research object, identifying 25 risk factors related to procurement through case analysis, literature analysis and expert interviews. Integrated Interpretative Structural Modelling (ISM) and Cross-Impact Matrix Multiplication Applied to Classification (MICMAC) method was used to establish the interrelationships between risk factors. Based on the results, procurement risk transmission paths for international EPC projects are developed, and key risk factors are found. Moreover, corresponding risk management suggestions are put forward. The research results impel contractors of the international EPC projects to pay close attention to the key risk factors in the project procurement process. After recognizing the risk transfer path, contractors can take measures to avoid risk to reduce the possibility of project failure as soon as possible. This research can provide support for managing procurement risk in the international EPC project.
Research on Forecasting of Student Grade Based on Adaptive K-Means and Deep Neural Network

Artificial intelligence (AI) has been widely used in AIEd (AI empowers education industry). In this paper, we conduct mining and prediction of influencing factors of student performance based on education data set. First, we apply data mining and analysis methods to two public educational data sets. Next, we further analyze the results through visual analysis method and try to explain the physical meaning. Then, we screened the feature data through two computing methods based on random forest algorithm. Finally, we predicted the student performance through an improved model based on K-means and Deep Neural Network (DNN). Our results show that the proposed model feature selection Adaptive-K-means-DNN obtains the best mean of squared residuals both in two student learning data sets; the results demonstrating that the feature selection processing and the employment of the adaptive K-means have enhanced the prediction performances significantly. Furthermore, we also find that mother’s education is the direct influence of the students’ final grade, the difference is there is no strong correlation between absences and the students’ final grade, but absences is still an important factor affecting the students’ final grade, and it may affect the students’ final grade through other factors; moreover, the failures also has a strong correlation between the students’ final grade, and it also is a direct influence indicator for the students’ final grade; in summary, the influence of mother’s education on students’ performance is very important. The management of students’ classroom absence will effectively improve students’ final performance. In addition, regular encouragement may be a good way for students to improve their learning performance.
THE DEPLOYMENT OF A WI-FI POSITIONING SYSTEM VIA CROWDSOURCING

Abstract. Wi-Fi fingerprint positioning is widely used because of its ready hardware and high accuracy. However, its application is considerably restricted by time-consuming and labor-intensive works of offline collection and irregular fluctuation of signals. To address the above problems, we proposed a novel method to deploy the Wi-Fi fingerprint database based on implicit crowdsourcing and improved the weighted k-nearest neighbor (WKNN) algorithm to eliminate the influence of neighbor mismatching and device heterogeneity. First, ordinary users continuously gather Wi-Fi information instead of collecting one point after another. Meanwhile, video surveillance cameras record users’ trajectories without any intervention and use monocular vision based on plane constraints to obtain users’ location at the moment of each scanning. At the localization phase, the morphology similarity distance instead of the Euclidean distance is used to measure the similarity of signals to solve the problem of device heterogeneity. Outlier detection is also utilized for a secondary selection of neighbor points. Finally, geometric and signal morphology similarity distances are used to determine the combined weight of all neighbors after the dimensionless treatment. Results of the experiments conducted in a real indoor environment show that the proposed strategy improves the efficiency of fingerprint collection and achieves higher positioning accuracy.
Double Key Encryption RSA Algorithm Using FFT in Homomorphic Methodology

: Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) can perform arbitrarily on the given user data using a secondary key which is unknown to the user but the algorithm contains a large number of multipliers which is a bottle neck for the vlsi design . so the large number of multipliers are replaced with the Fast Fourier transform without any loss in performance of the algorithm and low complexity in hardware design . the paper focus on the hardware design for the existing schemes to make the existing FHE schemes more efficient and practical towards real-life applications. The integer-FFT multiplication algorithm is adopted for the implementation of Gentry-Halevi’s FHE scheme. As the Moore law continues driving the computer technology, the key size of the Rivest-Shamir-Adelman (RSA) encryption is necessary to be upgraded
Engaging the Crowd for better Job Recommendations

Today, people more and more use business-oriented social net- works such as LinkedIn 1 or XING 2 to explore career opportuni- ties and find an interesting jobs. Similarly, companies use those platforms to identify candidates for open positions and post job offers in order to advertise to attract appropriate candidates. Job recommendation systems thus have to solve a reciprocal recom- mendation problem and have to satisfy the expectations of both users who aim for interesting jobs and companies who aim for appropriate applicants. Inthispaper, wediscusschallengesofbuildingareciprocaljob recommendation system. Based on an analysis of profile and in- teraction data, we highlight potential features that such a recom- mendation system can exploit and discuss opportunities of inte- grating a user feedback cycle into the recommender algorithm.
How to break out the lock-in on crop diversification in France?

Crop diversification is often presented as a way to improve the sustainability of agricultural production systems (reduction in the use of inputs and environmental damage resulting from their excessive use - pesticides, fertilizer, water). However, despite these benefits and various incentive programs, crop diversification is gaining little ground in France. The objective of this study is to identify: i) the main obstacles to crop diversification at agro-industrial supply chain and farm levels; ii) the levers that can be employed to encourage these stakeholders to integrate greater crop diversity within their production system. An interdisciplinary analysis framework was used, integrating farming system agronomy, sociotechnical transition approach and new institutional economics. This theoretical framework is centred on the "technological lock-in" theory, derived from the innovation economy, and socio-technical transition theory, which proposes potential "break-out" avenues. This framework is tested on twelve crop diversification cases studies with three in-depth analyses. Our results show that the socio-technical system organized on the basis of dominant crops and the simplification of cropping plans is therefore an obstacle to the development of diversification crops as a result of various closely interlinked processes: (i) genetic progress that is less rapid than for "major crops"; (ii) a lack of crop protection solutions (agrochemicals one but also genetic and agronomic ones); (iii) a shortage of technical references concerning minor crops to explain low yield or quality defects at regional scale; (iv) a competition with "major crops" on the raw material market not only due to price but also accessibility and homogeneity differences (v) the diversity of coordination methods between the different stakeholders in the supply chains Finally, to encourage the development of diversification crops, it would appear to be essential to act simultaneously on three levers supported by public action: (1) Promotion of new market outlets, (2) Coordination of stakeholders and structuration of supply chains and (3) getting R&D, advisory and plant breeding actors involved on a national nd regional level to develop innovative technologies and varieties.
Ontstaan en preventie van burnout De rol van de leidinggevende en de arbeidsorganisatie

markdownabstractIn dit rapport zijn dossiers onderzocht van mensen die met de beroepsziekte burnout te kampen hebben gekregen. Doel van het onderzoek was om de vraag te beantwoorden hoe burnout tot stand komt en hoe burnout had kunnen worden voorkomen.
Analysis of general shells by flat facet finite element approximation

Summary A standard flat facet approximation for finite element analysis of general thin shells has been sought after for many years, but fundamental difficulties hindered the development of a definitive solution. Recent advances in the finite element method, however, have provided more rational resolutions of some of these difficulties than the kind of artifices which were employed formerly. This paper completes the theory of a basic triangular flat shell element which incorporates modern developments and meets practical criteria of mathematical simplicity and general applicability. The flat facet shell element is also, potentially, an appropriate basis for constructing a better curved approximation to a shell surface in order to achieve improved accuracy. Numerical results are given for a variety of shell test problems to provide comparisons with accepted benchmark solutions and to assess the available accuracy relative to other finite element formulations.
Effective Discrimination of Acoustic Emission Source Signals for Structural Health Monitoring

Acoustic emission (AE) is the phenomenon where stress waves are generated due to rapid release of energy within a material caused by sources such as crack initiation or growth. AE technique involves recording the stress waves by means of sensors and subsequent analysis of the recorded signals to gather information about the nature of the source. Though AE technique is one of the popular non destructive evaluation (NDE) techniques for structural health monitoring of mechanical, aerospace and civil structures; several challenges still exist in successful application of this technique. Presence of spurious noise signals can mask genuine damage-related AE signals; hence a major challenge identified is finding ways to discriminate signals from different sources. Analysis of parameters of recorded AE signals, comparison of amplitudes of AE wave modes and investigation of uniqueness of recorded AE signals have been mentioned as possible criteria for source differentiation. This paper reviews common approaches currently in use for source discrimination, particularly focusing on structural health monitoring of civil engineering structural components such as beams; and further investigates the applications of some of these methods by analyzing AE data from laboratory tests.
Extracting Details of Train Troubles from Microblogs

When train troubles occur, users of microblogs often post information about these troubles. Microblogs often include more fine-graind information of train troubles than official information. Such information could make out decision better. In this paper, we propose a method for extracting details of train troubles by analyzing Twitter. We classify train troubles into suspensions, partial suspensions and other troubles, then detect whether these troubles occur or not. Experimental results show that proposed method work well in case of suspencions and partial suspencions. We also find that by analyzing twitter, we can know information which is not reported officially such as congestion and recovery of train troubles.
Dynamics of autotroph–mixotroph interactions with the intraguild predation structure

A mathematical model with the intraguild predation structure is proposed to describe the interactions of autotrophs and mixotrophs containing light and nutrients in a well-mixed aquatic ecosystem. The dissipation, existence and stability of equilibria of the model are proved, and the ecological reproductive indexes for the extinction, survival and coexistence of autotrophs and mixotrophs are established. We also consider the influence of Holling type functional responses and abiotic factors on the coexistence and biomass of autotrophs and mixotrophs. It is shown that the intraguild predation structure is beneficial to phytoplankton biodiversity and provides an explanation for the phytoplankton paradox.
Evaluation of the influence of velocity on dynamic passenger loads during a frontal minibus impact against an obstacle

The safety of people travelling by minibus is a very complex issue, in which the decisive role is played by load-bearing vehicle structure, passenger seats, and personal protection means. In order to maximize the number of people transported, the seats are spaced very closely to each other and this may pose a hazard to the passengers. Based on an analysis of experimental test results, a computer model representing a system composed of a minibus floor segment, seats, and dummies was built. For the analysis, seats integrated with seat belts were adopted. A seat of this type was based on a high-rigidity frame necessary to bear, inter alia, the strong force exerted (during a collision) by passenger's torso on the shoulder seat belt and transmitted to the upper seat belt anchorage point on the seat backrest. Within this work, the frontal minibus impact against an obstacle with velocities ranging from 20 km/h to 70 km/h was considered. The analysis covered the motion of, and dynamic loads on, a test dummy representing a 50th percentile adult male (Hybrid III dummy). Within the analysis, realizations of dynamic loads caused by inertial forces and reactions exerted by a three-point seat belt were taken into account. Special attention was paid to the extreme values of the loads that acted on dummy's head, neck, and torso when the head hit the backrest of the preceding seat in the culminating phase of the vehicle impact against an obstacle. The values of biomechanical indicators HIC, ThAC, Nij, and FAC and of the joint injury risk indicator were calculated.
Heuristic algorithms for a delivery workload balancing problem in an assembly plant

In this paper, a delivery workload balancing problem in an assembly plant is considered. The problem is ﬁrst described as a special case of the unrelated parallel machine scheduling problem of minimizing the makespan. Then, a polynomial time heuristic algorithm is proposed, which is regarded as a dynamic programming procedure to compute a linear partition of a speciﬁed list of given jobs. In addition, a simple improvement procedure based on local search technique is discussed. Numerical results indicate that from the viewpoints of solution quality and execution time both, the proposed heuristic is applicable in the practical situation
Comparative Functional Connectivity of Core Brain Regions between Implicit and Explicit Memory Tasks Underlying Negative Emotion in General Anxiety Disorder

Objective To investigate not only differential patterns of functional connectivity of core brain regions between implicit and explicit verbal memory tasks underlying negatively evoked emotional condition, but also correlations of functional connectivity (FC) strength with clinical symptom severity in patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Methods Thirteen patients with GAD and 13 healthy controls underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging for memory tasks with negative emotion words. Results Clinical symptom and its severities of GAD were potentially associated with abnormalities of task-based FC with core brain regions and distinct FC patterns between implicit vs. explicit memory processing in GAD were potentially well discriminated. Outstanding FC in implicit memory task includes positive connections of precentral gyus (PrG) to inferior frontal gyrus and inferior parietal gyrus (IPG), respectively, in encoding period; a positive connection of amygdala (Amg) to globus pallidus as well as a negative connection of Amg to cerebellum in retrieval period. Meanwhile, distinct FC in explicit memory included a positive connection of PrG to inferior temporal gyrus (ITG) in encoding period; a positive connection of the anterior cingulate gyrus to superior frontal gyrus in retrieval period. Especially, there were positive correlation between GAD-7 scores and FC of PrG-IPG (r2 = 0.324, p = 0.042) in implicit memory encoding, and FC of PrG-ITG (r2 = 0.378, p = 0.025) in explicit memory encoding. Conclusion This study clarified differential patterns of brain activation and relevant FC between implicit and explicit verbal memory tasks underlying negative emotional feelings in GAD. These findings will be helpful for an understanding of distinct brain functional mechanisms associated with clinical symptom severities in GAD.
The Mediating Role of Resilience in the Effect of Perceived Social Support on Fear of COVID-19: A Research on Healthcare Employees

Abstract The aim of this research was to determine the mediating role of resilience in the effect of perceived social support on fear of COVID-19. The research was conducted in the Marmara region of Turkey in July and August 2020. The present research showed that the perceived social support has a positive effect on resilience. Furthermore, the research determined that both perceived social support and resilience has a negative effect on the fear of COVID-19. Finally, it was determined that resilience has a mediating role in the effect of perceived social support on the fear of COVID-19.
An Evaluation of Discharge Strategies for Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Discharge strategies for known routes are tested in a Volvo XC90 T8 PHEV in order to evaluate fuel consumption for the drivetrain of a real commuting cycle. An approximate optimal solution is obtained by dynamic programming. The method is implemented in the vehicle control system and compared to a heuristic strategy. The work has been carried out at Volvo Cars test facilities in Gothenburg. Results show that for a known route both combustion engine and battery efficiency increases in both tested methods, with decreased charge transfer through the battery and less charge sustain operation. The dynamic programming strategy has previously been shown to outperform rule based strategies in terms of fuel consumption by comparing the methods in simulation studies. In this study the dynamic programming solution reduced the consumption with - 4 %, and the heuristic strategy decreased consumption even further to - 8 %.