Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimal matching of three-dimensional features under geometrical constraints

Addresses the problem of determination of the displacement parameters (rigid rotation and translation) that bring an object set of three-dimensional features to match a template set, minimizing a measure of the mismatch error and satisfying an assigned set of geometrical constraints. This problem is encountered in many applications of computer vision, manufacturing processes (tolerance inspection of machined parts) and robotics, and has been widely treated in the literature in the unconstrained case. In this paper the solution of the unconstrained problem (least-squares solution via singular value decomposition) is reviewed, and an original solution method for the constrained problem is proposed, based on an efficient interior-point convex optimization algorithm. An example of application to the target pose determination of a robot end-effector for a precision positioning task is presented to illustrate the use of the proposed methodology.
CALCULATING THE VARIANCE OF SEASONALLY ADJUSTED SERIES

Abstract This article considers the use of the Kalman filter to perform the seasonal adjustment and to calculate the variance of the signal extraction error in model-based seasonal adjustment procedures. The steady-state filter covariance is seen to provide a convenient basis for obtaining the variances not only of the current adjustment but also of subsequent revisions. The method is applied to the unobserved-components model we have recently proposed as a justification of the X-11 method and to a real economic time series.
Mapping knowledge management research in hospitality: a bibliometric analysis

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to map knowledge management (KM) research in the field of hospitality and to develop an agenda for future research. This research has adopted a two-stage methodological approach that includes bibliometric analysis and systematic literature review. First, a bibliometric analysis was performed, which included citation and co-citation analyses, and then a systematic literature review was conducted. The findings revealed that KM research has not made sufficient progress and that there are still many research gaps. Finally, potential research questions have been developed for future research. Considering that the use of KM in the context of hospitality has become increasingly important in recent years, this paper is expected to contribute to the literature and practitioners.
Broadband Resonance-Free Septum Circular Polarizer Operating Above 200 GHz

In this article, a broadband septum circular polarizer with double inline rectangular-to-semicircular waveguide transformers is proposed, which breaks through the theoretical single-mode bandwidth. Meanwhile, a novel waveguide splitting method is utilized, i.e., the common waveguide and inline waveguide transformers are integrally manufactured. This approach avoids the air gap introduced by the traditional split-block technology, and thus solves the problems of orthogonal-modes leakage and mode resonance caused by the waveguide discontinuity. Therefore, the proposed polarizer possesses the merits of broadband, resonance-free, high consistency of orthogonal modes, and low insertion loss (IL). In the polarizer measurement, a circular to rectangular waveguide converter is designed and fabricated. The measured IL of the polarizer is found to be around 0.28 dB in the frequency range of 198–260 GHz, and the in-band return loss is better than 15 dB. Moreover, the isolation of left-hand and right-hand circular polarization ports exceeds 23 dB within 206–260 GHz. The proposed polarizer has wide potential applications in millimeter-wave and terahertz devices such as broadband antennas and radial power combiners.
Classical gauge theory in Riem

In the geometrodynamical setting of general relativity in Lagrangian form, the objects of study are the Riemannian metrics (and their time derivatives) over a given 3-manifold M. It is our aim in this paper to study some geometrical aspects of the space M:=Riem(M) of all metrics over M. For instance, the Hamiltonian constraints by themselves do not generate a group, and thus its action on Riem(M) cannot be viewed in a geometrical gauge setting. It is possible to do so for the momentum constraints however. Furthermore, in view of the recent results representing GR as a dual theory, invariant under foliation preserving 3–diffeomorphisms and 3D conformal transformations, but not under refoliations, we are justified in considering the gauge structure pertaining only to the groups D of diffeomorphisms of M, and C, of conformal diffeomorphisms on M. For these infinite-dimensional symmetry groups, M has a natural principal fiber bundle structure, which renders the gravitational field amenable to the full range o.
Mechanistic Models of Trophic Interactions: Opportunities for Species Richness and Challenges for Modern Coexistence Theory

Many potential mechanisms promote species coexistence, but we know little about their relative importance. To compare multiple mechanisms, we modeled a two-trophic planktonic food web based on mechanistic species interactions and empirically measured species traits. We simulated thousands of possible communities under realistic and altered interaction strengths to assess the relative importance of three potential drivers of phytoplankton and zooplankton species richness: resource-mediated coexistence mechanisms, predator-prey interactions, and trait trade-offs. Next, we computed niche and fitness differences of competing zooplankton to obtain a deeper understanding of how these mechanisms determine species richness. We found that predator-prey interactions were the most important driver of phytoplankton and zooplankton species richness and that large zooplankton fitness differences were associated with low species richness, but zooplankton niche differences were not associated with species richness. However, for many communities we could not apply modern coexistence theory to compute niche and fitness differences of zooplankton because of conceptual issues with the invasion growth rates arising from trophic interactions. We therefore need to expand modern coexistence theory to fully investigate multitrophic-level communities.
A design of saturating control with a guaranteed cost and its application to the crane control system

A saturating control law which satisfies a constrained input condition and gives an upper bound of a given quadratic performance index is proposed, using a unique guaranteed cost control method. The case where modeling errors exist in the mathematical model is also considered. An experimental examination in a crane system has shown the practicability of the control law proposed here. >
Stiffness-Tunable Soft Bellows Actuators by Cross-Fiber Jamming Effect for Robust Grasping

Soft actuators typically exhibit low stiffness and low load-bearing properties due to the intrinsic limitations of soft materials. Stiffness modulation is an effective means to improve the performance of soft actuators. However, most stiffness-tunable mechanisms are nonstretchable, and have difficulty in independently adjusting the tensile stiffness of soft elongation actuators. Here, a universal cross-fiber jamming mechanism with both elongation and bending stiffness-tunable capability is proposed for soft bellows actuators. It is composed of two semicircular symmetrical fiber bundles in an up-and-down crossed arrangement, and can follow the tensile state of the soft bellows actuator through the passive staggered motion of the layered fiber bundles. Furthermore, a soft gripper with wide grasping range and sufficient grasping stability is also developed by applying soft bellows actuators with cross-fiber jamming mechanisms. Experiments are conducted to show the related performance of the proposed cross-fiber jamming mechanism. The results show that it has fast antiimpact damping response, strong shaping ability and adjustable stiffness. Such efficient performance will promote the ability of grasping robots, and is expected to be used in daily life and industry.
VITRUV, a second-generation VLTI instrument for aperture synthesis imaging with eight telescopes

The science objectives of VITRUV is to investigate the morphology of compact astrophysical objects in optical wavelengths like the environment of AGN, star forming regions, stellar surfaces. This instrument will take full advantage of the VLTI site with 4 very large telescopes and 4 auxiliary telescopes. The instrument concept is to built aperture synthesis images like the millimeter-wave radiointerferometer of the IRAM Plateau de Bure. VITRUV coupled to the VLTI will have similar and even better resolution than ALMA. The astrophysical specifications although not yet finalized will be a temporal resolution of the order of 1 day, spectral resolution from 100 to 30,000, image dynamic from 100 to 1,000, a field of view of 1 arcsec for an initial wavlength coverage from 1 to 2.5 microns that could be extended from 0.5 to 5 microns. The technology that is contemplated at this stage is integrated optics.
An adaptive approach to the numerical solution of Fresnel's wave equation

An adaptive approach to the numerical solution of the wave propagation in integrated optics devices with 1-D cross sections is described. Fresnel's approximation of the exact wave equation resulting from Maxwell's equations is considered. A criterion to estimate the validity of this approximation is derived. Discretization in longitudinal direction with step-size control leads to a stationary subproblem for the transversal field distribution, which is then handled by an adaptive finite-element method. Thus, full adaptivity of the algorithm is realized. The numerical examples focus on waveguide tapers. >
On Foveal and Peripheral Interaction in Binocular Vision

Contrast and increment thresholds were measured by the presentation of the test stimulus in one of the eyes, adapting fields of mutually different brightnesses and colours being incident in both eyes. No essential influence was found on threshold value under such stimulation of the non-measuring eye, the threshold being equal to the value appertaining to exclusive stimulation of the measuring eye. Periods of dominance of the various stimuli can under certain conditions easily be recognized. Measurements of increment thresholds under fluctuating illumination of the opposite eye at various moments during the light-dark cycle of such stimulation show a complex behaviour apparently due to a non-peripheral mechanism. Some suggestions are made as to a possible influence of attentional effects on such measurements. Des mesures de contraste et d'augmentation du seuil ont ete effectuees en appliquant des tests d'excitation a un seul œil, tandis que des champs d'adaptation de luminances et de couleurs differentes i.
Conflict-free coloring

Graph and hypergraph colorings constitute an important subject in combinatorics and algorithm theory. In this work, we study conflict-free coloring for hypergraphs. Conflict-free coloring is one possible generalization of traditional graph coloring. Conflict-free coloring hypergraphs induced by geometric shapes, like intervals on the line, or disks on the plane, has applications in frequency assignment in cellular networks. Colors model frequencies and since the frequency spectrum is limited and expensive, the goal of an algorithm is to minimize the number of assigned frequencies, that is, reuse frequencies as much as possible. We concentrate on an online variation of the problem, especially in the case where the hypergraph is induced by intervals. For deterministic algorithms, we introduce a hierarchy of models ranging from static to online and we compute lower and upper bounds on the numbers of colors used. In the randomized oblivious adversary model, we introduce a framework for conflict-free coloring a specific class of hypergraphs with a logarithmic number of colors. This specific class includes many hypergraphs arising in geometry and gives online randomized algorithm that use fewer colors and fewer random bits than other algorithms in the literature. Based on the same framework, we initiate the study of online deterministic algorithms that recolor few points. For the problem of conlict-free coloring points with respect to a given set of intervals, we describe an efficient algorithm that computes a coloring with at most twice the number of colors of an optimal coloring. We also show that there is a family of inputs that force our algorithm to use two times the number of colors of an optimal solution. Then, we study conflict-free coloring problems in graphs. We compare conflict-free coloring with respect to paths of graphs to a closely related problem, called vertex ranking, or ordered coloring. For conflict-free coloring with respect to neighborhoods of vertices of graphs, we prove that number of colors in the order of the square root of the number of vertices is sufficient and sometimes necessary. Finally, we initiate the study of Ramsey-type problems for conflict-free colorings and compute a van der Waerden-like number.
A Scoping Review on Movement, Neurobiology and Functional Deficits in Dyslexia: Suggestions for a Three-Fold Integrated Perspective

Developmental dyslexia is a common complex neurodevelopmental disorder. Many theories and models tried to explain its symptomatology and find ways to improve poor reading abilities. The aim of this scoping review is to summarize current findings and several approaches and theories, focusing on the interconnectedness between motion, emotion and cognition and their connection to dyslexia. Consequently, we present first a brief overview of the main theories and models regarding dyslexia and its proposed neural correlates, with a particular focus on cerebellar regions and their involvement in this disorder. After examining different types of intervention programs and remedial training, we highlight the effects of a specific structured sensorimotor intervention named Quadrato Motor Training (QMT). QMT utilizes several cognitive and motor functions known to be relevant in developmental dyslexia. We introduce its potential beneficial effects on reading skills, including working memory, coordination and attention. We sum its effects ranging from behavioral to functional, structural and neuroplastic, especially in relation to dyslexia. We report several recent studies that employed this training technique with dyslexic participants, discussing the specific features that distinguish it from other training within the specific framework of the Sphere Model of Consciousness. Finally, we advocate for a new perspective on developmental dyslexia integrating motion, emotion and cognition to fully encompass this complex disorder.
Statistical Evaluation of CEB-FIP 2010 Model for Concrete Creep and Shrinkage

An extensive experimental database consisting of 2838 shrinkage data points and 3598 creep data points is used to evaluate the accuracy of the newly proposed CEB-FIP 2010 model in predicting the creep and shrinkage of concrete structures. To study the applicability of the model for high-strength concrete in general environments, the database was developed by only retaining the test data of concrete components with the average compressive strength greater than 30 MPa and the relative humidity in the test environment less than 95%. On this basis, combined with the B3 and CEB variation coefficient methods, the paper mainly adopts the residual method to assess the accuracy of the CEB-FIP 2010 model and compare it with the previous model, CEB-FIP 1990. The influences of several properties, such as the compressive strength, the age of concrete, the relative humidity, and the component size on the prediction accuracy of these two models are further studied. The results show that for the CEB-FIP 2010 model within the time interval of 0–9000 days, 52% and 48% of the shrinkage strain residuals of the total specimens are located in the negative and positive regions, respectively, while the positive and negative regions of the CEB-FIP 1990 model account for 73% and 27%, demonstrating the CEB-FIP 2010 model has better performance in predicting shrinkage strain than the CEB-FIP 1990 model, whereas the two models have comparable accuracy in predicting creep compliance. The CEB-FIP 2010 model is more reliable for considering the effects of compressive strength, relative humidity, and age at loading on shrinkage and creep than for considering the effect of member size.
Effect of the Number of Response Categories on the Reliability and Validity of Rating Scales

The Likert-type format is one of the most widely used in all types of scales in the field of social sciences. Nevertheless, there is no definitive agreement on the number of response categories that optimizes the psychometric properties of the scales. The aim of the present work is to determine in a systematic fashion the number of response alternatives that maximizes the fundamental psychometric properties of a scale: reliability and validity. The study is carried out with data simulated using the Monte Carlo method. We simulate responses to 30 items with correlations between them ranging from 0.2 to 0.9. We also manipulate sample size, analyzing four different sizes: 50, 100, 200, and 500 cases. The number of response options employed ranges from two to nine. The results show that as the number of response alternatives increases, both reliability and validity improve. The optimum number of alternatives is between four and seven. With fewer than four alternatives the reliability and validity decrease, an.
Water cycle tunicate swarm algorithm based deep residual network for virus detection with gene expression data

ABSTRACT The virus is pervasive in the environment. The risk of pathogens relies on the fact that several viruses can quickly mutate with diagnostic measures. The measures of gene expression data have proved to be a beneficial application for medical treatment and for examining basic biology. This study uses gene expression data to design a deep architecture driven by optimisation for viral detection. The whole procedure taken into account in the created model includes feature selection, data transformation, and virus detection. The initial step is to gather gene expression data. Yeo-Jhonson transformation is used to change the structure and format of raw data during data transformation. After the data has been transformed, mutual information is used to choose the features. Then, a deep residual network (DRN) is constructed using the Water Cycle Tunicate Swarm Algorithm (WCTSA), which is used to detect viruses as the last step. Combining the Water Cycle Algorithm (WCA) and the Tunicate Swarm Algorithm (TSA) led to the development of the WCTSA. With the greatest accuracy of 91.4%, sensitivity of 92.6%, and specificity of 90.7%, the proposed approach offered improved efficiency.
Nitrogen Preference of Dominant Species during Hailuogou Glacier Retreat Succession on the Eastern Tibetan Plateau

Plant nitrogen (N) uptake preference is a key factor affecting plant nutrient acquisition, vegetation composition and ecosystem function. However, few studies have investigated the contribution of different N sources to plant N strategies, especially during the process of primary succession of a glacial retreat area. By measuring the natural abundance of N isotopes (δ15N) of dominant plants and soil, we estimated the relative contribution of different N forms (ammonium-NH4+, nitrate-NO3− and soluble organic N-DON) and absorption preferences of nine dominant plants of three stages (12, 40 and 120 years old) of the Hailuogou glacier retreat area. Along with the chronosequence of primary succession, dominant plants preferred to absorb NO3− in the early (73.5%) and middle (46.5%) stages. At the late stage, soil NH4+ contributed more than 60.0%, In addition, the contribution of DON to the total N uptake of plants was nearly 19.4%. Thus, the dominant plants’ preference for NO3− in the first two stages changes to NH4+ in the late stages during primary succession. The contribution of DON to the N source of dominant plants should not be ignored. It suggests that the shift of N uptake preference of dominant plants may reflect the adjustment of their N acquisition strategy, in response to the changes in their physiological traits and soil nutrient conditions. Better knowledge of plant preferences for different N forms could significantly improve our understanding on the potential feedbacks of plant N acquisition strategies to environmental changes, and provide valuable suggestions for the sustainable management of plantations during different successional stages.
Interactive parameter estimation for output error moving average systems

In this paper we study parameter estimation problems for the output error moving average systems. In order to reduce calculation loads of the existing identification methods, an interactive stochastic gradient (ISG) algorithm is presented to estimate the parameters of the system model and the noise model, respectively, based on the interactive estimation theory. Since the ISG algorithm possesses a slow convergence rate and poor estimation accuracy, interactive gradient-based and interactive least-squares-based iterative algorithms are derived to enhance the parameter estimation performances of the ISG algorithm. The simulation results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.
Focussing effect in the diffracted field by a parabolic slit

In this paper we demonstrate theoretically and experimentally the existence of a focusing effect in the field diffracted by a parabolic slit on a plane screen. The focusing effect occurs along a straight line whose slope depends on the curvature of the parabola and on the incidence angle of the light on to the screen plane.
Time, Nonmonotonicity, Qualified Syllogisms, and the Frame Problem

This paper reviews the well-known 'frame problem' and its relation to the subject of nonmonotonic reasoning. The paper considers how both topics concern the central problem of reasoning with incomplete information and argues that these subjects would benefit from a formalism that explicitly portrays reasoning as an activity that takes place in time. In process, the paper distinguishes between the problems associated with reasoning about static domains versus dynamically changing ones and explains why the frame problem itself only arises in the latter. Then this paper mak es a case for the use of fuzzy quantifiers and related notions in nonmonotonic reasoning about a particular variety of static domain, namely, multiple-inheritance hierarchies, and outlines a formalism in which the associated knowledge representation and inference methods can be expressed. Last, the paper considers how this same kind of formalism might be applied to the more difficult case of dynamic domains. This section includes a further elucidation of the frame problem and its salient subproblems.