Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Composição química da folha e do caule de Calamintha baetica

v ABREVIATURAS.vii 1. INTRODUÇÃO . 1 1.1. Considerações gerais . 3 1.2. Descrição da espécie . 4 1.3. Compostos bioativos presentes em Calamintha . 5 1.4. Propriedades biológicas . 7 1.4. 1. Antioxidantes . 8 1.5. Caracterização física dos solventes . 10 1.6. Objetivos . 12 2. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS . 13 2.1. Amostras . 15 2.1.1. Preparação das amostras . 15 2.2. Caracterização química . 15 2.2.1. Determinação do teor em humidade e cinzas . 16 2.2.2. Determinação do teor em gordura. 17 2.2.2.1. Determinação do perfil de ácidos gordos por cromatografia gasosa . 19 2.2.3. Determinação do teor em proteína pelo método de Kjeldahl . 20 2.2. 4. Cálculo do teor em hidratos de carbono e valor energético . 22 2.3. Atividade antioxidante . 22 2.3. 1. Preparação dos extratos. 22 2.3. 1.1. Rendimento de extração . 24
Surveillance Routing with a Minimum Number of Drones

In recent years, drones have been expected to be utilized for facility patrol surveillance. This is because drones have cameras, and they can be operated remotely. There have been studies for surveillance routing by multi-drones in the past. These studies coordinated drones with ground vehicles, aiming to minimize the total patrol time. This paper presents the method to find surveillance routing with a minimum number of drones. Experiments show that as surveillance coverage extends, minimum number of drones increases.
Facial Expression Recognition Using Visible, IR, and MSX Images by Early and Late Fusion of Deep Learning Models

Facial expression recognition (FER) is one of the best non-intrusive methods for understanding and tracking mood and mental states. In this study, we propose early and late fusion methods to recognize five facial expressions (angry, happy, neutral, sad, and surprised) using different combinations from a publicly available database (VIRI) with visible, infrared, and multispectral dynamic imaging (MSX) images and the (NVIE) database. A distinctive feature is the use of concatenation and combining techniques to combine ResNet-18 with transfer learning (TL) to create a model that is significantly more accurate than individual models. In the early fusion, we concatenated features from the modalities and classified facial expressions (FEs). In the late fusion, we combined the outputs of the modalities using weighted sums. For this purpose, we used different weighting factors depending on the accuracy of the individual models. The experimental results demonstrated that the proposed model outperformed the previous works by providing an accuracy of 83.33% when we trained the model (1-step training). Through further fine-tuning (3-step training), we obtained an improved performance of 84.44%. We conducted additional experiments by combining them with another modality (MSX) available in the database. By performing experiments with an additional modality (MSX), we obtained improved performance, which confirms that the additional modality combined with existing modalities can help improve the performance of fusion models for facial expression recognition. We also experimented by changing the backbones (Vgg-16, ShuffleNetv2, MobileNetv2, and GhostNet) in addition to ResNet-18 for visible and MSX data. ResNet-18 outperformed the other backbones in facial expression recognition for visible and MSX data.
Effect of Yoga Intervention on Problem Behavior and Motor Coordination in Children with Autism

Children with autism exhibit more pronounced symptoms of both problem behaviors and motor coordination difficulties. Yoga, recognized as an effective intervention modality, can be valuable after assessing its efficacy in addressing problem behaviors and motor coordination challenges, ultimately contributing to symptom alleviation in autism. The randomized controlled trial (RCT) was used to divide 17 children with autism into an intervention group (n = 9) and a control group (n = 8). The intervention group participated in an 8-week yoga intervention training (three sessions/week, 45–50 min/session), and the control group did not participate in yoga training but only in daily program activities. Pre-test, mid-test, post-test, and after delayed test, teachers assessed the effect of yoga intervention on problem behaviors of children with autism through the Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC) and the effect of yoga intervention on motor coordination through the Movement Assessment Battery for Children—Second Edition (MABC2). Results show that the yoga intervention is effective in reducing problem behaviors and improving motor coordination in children with autism. Yoga intervention significantly reduces irritability and social withdrawal in children with autism. Yoga intervention had the most significant improvement in ball skills and static and dynamic balance.
A Short Post-Reattachment Ultrasensitive Window of Time in Human Cancer Cells as Therapeutic Target of Prolonged Low-Dose Administration of Specific Compounds

Prolonged low-dose administration (PLDA) of several FDA-approved drugs for noncancer conditions or dietary compounds is associated with a lower incidence of specific types of cancers and with the lower formation of metastasis. However, the underlying mechanism is unknown; there is a discrepancy between the concentration of drugs needed to kill cancer cells in vitro and the actual serum levels (10 and >1000 times lower) found in patients. In this study, we evaluated the hypothesis that clonogenicity may be the target of PLDA. We compared the effect of nigericin (NIG) and menadione (MEN) on the human A549 and H460 lung and MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines using routine MTT and colony forming assays (CFA). The ability of both NIG and MEN to eliminate 100% of cancer cells was at least 2-10 times more potent in CFA compared to MTT assays. Our results revealed the existence of a short post-reattachment window of time when cancer cells growing at low density are more sensitive to PLDA of specific drugs likely by targeting clonogenic rather than proliferation pathways. This short ultrasensitive window of time (SUSWoT) was cell- and drug-type specific: the SUSWoT for NIG was present in H460, A549, and MDA-MB-231 cells but not evident in MCF-7 cells. Conversely, a similar SUSWoT for MEN was present in MCF-7, MDA-MD-231, and A549 cells but not evident in H460 cells. Our findings partially explain the decreased incidence of specific types of cancer by PLDA of FDA-approved drugs (or dietary compounds) for noncancer conditions.
Hive Orientation and Colony Strength Affect Honey Bee Colony Activity during Almond Pollination

Simple Summary Managed honey bees are virtually exclusive pollinators of almonds in commercial agricultural contexts such as that of California’s Central Valley where 80% of the world’s almonds are produced. Streamlining almond pollination by utilizing honey bee colonies in the most efficient way aims to support both the growers and beekeepers as demand for pollination services and per unit costs are increasing. This study examines whether hive entrance orientation and hive strength influence the pollinating activity of honey bees in almond orchards. We have found that hives facing east have a marked advantage in starting their activity in the morning compared to hives facing west. Similarly, strong colonies show a significantly earlier start of activity than weak colonies. The practical implication of these findings lies in configuring the placement of colonies of varying strengths in a way that favours their foraging activity. Abstract The foraging activity of honey bees used to pollinate almonds was examined in relation to their hive entrance orientation and colony strength. Twenty-four colonies of honey bees, twelve in each group, were situated with their entrances facing east and west cardinal points. Bee out counts were recorded continuously and hive weight data at ∼10 min intervals from 17 February to 15 March 2023. Colony strength was assessed using the frames of adult bees (FOB) metric. East-facing hives started flight 44.2 min earlier than west-facing hives. The hive direction did not affect the timing of the cessation of foraging activity. The hive strength played a significant role: hives assessed as weak (≤3.0 FOB) commenced foraging activity 45 min later than strong hives (>3.0 FOB) and ceased foraging activity 38.3 min earlier. Hive weight data did not detect effects of either the hive direction or colony strength on the commencement and cessation of foraging activity, as determined using piecewise regression on 24 h datasets. However, the hive weight loss due to foraging activity at the start of foraging activity was significantly affected by both direction (East > West) and colony strength (Strong > Weak). Our study showed that, during almond pollination, both hive entrance exposure and hive strength have quantifiable effects on colony foraging behaviour and that these effects combine to regulate the overall foraging activity of the pollinating colonies.
EmotionNet: Dissecting Stress and Anxiety Through EEG-based Deep Learning Approaches

—Amid global health crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, the heightened prevalence of mental health disorders like stress and anxiety has underscored the importance of understanding and predicting human emotions. Introducing "EmotionNet," an advanced system that leverages deep learning and state-of-the-art hardware capabilities to predict emotions, specifically stress and anxiety. Through the analysis of electroencephalography (EEG) signals, EmotionNet is uniquely poised to decode human emotions in real time. To get information from pre-processed EEG signals, the EmotionNet architecture combines convolutional neural networks (CNN) and long short-term memory (LSTM) networks in a way that works well together. This dual approach first decomposes EEG signals into their core alpha, beta, and theta rhythms. We preprocess these decomposed signals and develop a CNN-LSTM-based architecture for feature extraction. The LSTM captures the intricate temporal dynamics of EEG signals, further enhancing understanding. The end process discerningly classifies signals into "stress" or "anxiety" states through the AdaBoost classifier. Evaluation against the esteemed DEEP, SEED, and DASPS datasets showcased EmotionNet's exceptional prowess, achieving a remarkable accuracy of 98.6%, which surpasses even human detection rates. Beyond its technical accomplishments, EmotionNet emphasizes the paramount importance of addressing and safeguarding mental health.
GNSS-Based SAR Imaging for Object Detection Based on Iterative Range Compressions

In recent decades, passive global navigation satellite system-based synthetic aperture radar (GNSS–SAR) has emerged as a remote-sensing tool. However, the distance between GNSS satellites and the Earth’s surface results in weak signal strength, which negatively affects object detection. To address this issue, this article proposes an imaging method based on an iterative range compression scheme. In the proposed method, range compression is first performed through the correlation of the reflected signal with the local direct signal replica. Meanwhile, an iterative range-matched filter is generated through the autocorrelation of the local replica. Thereafter, the first-round iteration is conducted through the correlation of the initial range-compressed pulse with the iterative range-matched filter. A noise threshold is established. If the noise of the compressed signal in the first iteration round is higher than the threshold, the signal is correlated with the iterative range-matched filter, initiating another iteration round. Otherwise, the system proceeds to the next step, that is, azimuth compression. To examine the proposed imaging method, simulation tests and field experimental validation are conducted using the BeiDou B3I signal. The results demonstrate that the proposed imaging method can provide a significantly higher image contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) than a previously proposed state-of-the-art imaging method for weak signals in a bistatic GNSS-SAR system. Overall, the results demonstrate the ability of the proposed method to provide higher object detectability.
The Cyst Epithelium in Polycystic Kidney Disease Patients Displays Normal Apical-Basolateral Cell Polarity

The main characteristic of polycystic kidney disease is the development of multiple fluid-filled renal cysts. The discovery of mislocalized sodium-potassium pump (Na,K-ATPase) in the apical membrane of cyst-lining epithelia alluded to reversal of polarity as a possible explanation for the fluid secretion. The topic of apical Na,K-ATPase in cysts remains controversial. We investigated the localization of the Na,K-ATPase and assessed the apical-basolateral polarization of cyst-lining epithelia by means of immunohistochemistry in kidney tissue from six polycystic kidney disease patients undergoing nephrectomy. The Na,K-ATPase α1 subunit was conventionally situated in the basolateral membrane of all immunoreactive cysts. Proteins of the Crumbs and partitioning defective (Par) complexes were localized to the apical membrane domain in cyst epithelial cells. The apical targeting protein Syntaxin-3 also immunolocalized to the apical domain of cyst-lining epithelial cells. Proteins of the basolateral Scribble complex immunolocalized to the basolateral domain of cysts. Thus, no deviations from the typical epithelial distribution of basic cell polarity proteins were observed in the cysts from the six patients. Furthermore, we confirmed that cysts can originate from virtually any tubular segment with preserved polarity. In conclusion, we find no evidence of a reversal in apical-basolateral polarity in cyst-lining epithelia in polycystic kidney disease.
Epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis in municipalities of Mato Grosso and the performance of surveillance activities: an updated investigation

Abstract Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is considered a globally neglected disease. To address the problem of VL endemic to Brazil, the Visceral Leishmaniasis Control Program (VLCP) was created, which recommends the development of health surveillance actions such as the identification of human and canine cases, vector control and prevention of disease. We aimed to investigate the epidemiological situation of VL in municipalities of the State of Mato Grosso (MT) and assess the execution of VLCP activities. Data on human cases were obtained from the Information System for Notifiable Diseases (SINAN), and data from entomological and canine inquiry were provided by the State’s Health Department. Analyzes from the period 2019 - 2021 recorded 30 cases of human VL, distributed among 16 municipalities. Vectors were identified in 50% of the municipalities where entomological investigations were carried out, and the predominant specie was Lutzomyia longipalpis. A total of 15,585 dogs were subjected to serological examination, of which 18.91% tested seropositive for Leishmania infantum. However, it must be emphasized that only three municipalities conducted consecutive inquiries involving canine VL. Although VL is distributed widely throughout the State, only a few municipalities have undertaken the actions of the VLCP, thus highlighting the neglected status of the disease.
Continual Semantic Segmentation via Scalable Contrastive Clustering and Background Diversity

Despite the efficacy towards static data distribution, traditional semantic segmentation methods encounter Catastrophic forgetting when tackling continually changing data streams. Another fundamental challenge is Background shift, which results from the semantic drift of the background class during continual learning steps. To extend the applicability of semantic segmentation methods, we introduce a novel, scalable segmentation architecture called ScaleSeg, designed to adapt the incremental scenarios. The architecture of ScaleSeg consists of a series of prototypes updated by online contrastive clustering. Additionally, we propose a background diversity strategy to enhance the model’s plasticity and stability, thus overcoming background shift. Comprehensive experiments and ablation studies on challenging benchmarks demonstrate that ScaleSeg surpasses previous state-of-the-art methods, particularly when dealing with extensive task sequences.
Environmental and Natural Resource Economics

Accessible to students and practitioners without an advanced degree in environmental economics, this essential reference work pinpoints the role of the economy in both creating and solving many of the world's most pressing environmental challenges. Given the number and scope of environmental problems we face today, everyone from high school students to policy makers to concerned citizens should understand how the economy works and grasp how meltdowns—both economic and environmental in nature—can be avoided. Environmental and Natural Resource Economics: An Encyclopedia offers the critical information needed to comprehend these complex issues. The entries cover topics in a manner parallel to how environmental economics is commonly taught, addressing basic concepts, environmental policy, natural resource economics, market failure, exhaustible and renewable resources, benefit-cost analysis, and applied welfare economics. Additionally, the book includes entries on key concepts of economics, movements, events, organizations, important individuals, and research areas relevant to the study of environmental and natural resource economics. This work stands alone as the only title currently offering such a breadth of coverage and level of detail written specifically for readers without specialized knowledge of environmental economics.
An Unusual Presentation of the Cervicobrachial Variant of Guillain-Barré Syndrome in a 32-Year-Old Previously Healthy Male

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a rare autoimmune disorder characterized by acute peripheral nerve demyelination. The cervicobrachial (CB) variant presents with predominant upper limb weakness and has distinct clinical features. This case report aims to detail the clinical manifestations, diagnostic methodology, treatment outcomes, and broader implications of the CB variant of GBS. This case report presents a 32-year-old male, with a rare CB type of GBS, characterized by upper limb weakness and distinctive clinical features. Following a recent flu-like illness, the patient exhibited sudden onset weakness and neck pain. Neurological examination revealed proximal muscle weakness in the upper limbs with associated impaired pinprick sensation. Relevant laboratory investigations and imaging supported the diagnosis. The patient was diagnosed based on clinical suspicion, presentation, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) albuminocytological dissociation. The patient responded to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy, highlighting the importance of early recognition and intervention. The diagnostic approach involved nerve conduction studies (NCS), CSF analysis, and imaging, with normal findings on CT, MRI brain & cervical spine, and NCS. IVIG therapy resulted in significant improvement in muscle power. In conclusion, this case shows the significance of early recognition and intervention in the CB variant of GBS. The diagnostic methodology, encompassing advanced modalities, played a crucial role in confirming the diagnosis.
Clinical profile of pregnant women with community acquired pneumonia attending tertiary care hospital

Introduction: Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) is recognized as a common problem that carries a substantial morbidity and mortality in preantibiotic era. With the advent of newer diagnositics and advanced antimicrobials there is reduction in morbidity and mortality, but in era of MDR pathogens its often difficult and challenging to manage CAP. However, pneumonia in younger individuals can be severe and fatal. Pneumonia in the pregnant patient is the most frequent cause of life threatening non-obstetric infection. Aims and Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the pattern of community acquired pneumonia among pregnant women in tertiary care hospital. Materials and Method: 32 pregnant ladies presented with signs, symptoms & radiological findings consistent with community acquired pneumonia were selected from out patient’s clinics of obstetrics and gynecology department. Results: The present study included 32 pregnant ladies with community acquired pneumonia, who were selected from out patient’s clinics of obstetrics and gynecology department. Their ages ranged from 20–40 years old with mean age of 25.32 years old (±4.20 SD). Cough (90%) was the most common symptom followed by fever (70%) among the patients. Chest x ray done with abdominal shield showed pulmonary infiltrates in (65%). The most common radiological findings are consolidation (75%) nodular infiltrates (20%), cavity (3%), pleural effusion (2%). The most common organisms isolated were streptococcus pneumonia, hemophilus influenza, staphylococcus aureus mycobacterium tuberculosis. Conclusion: Morbidity and mortality in pregnant patients with pneumonia continue to pose a significant challenge. Early recognition of the diseases process and appropriate antibiotic treatment are required to ascertain an optimal outcome. The treatments in the gravid patients generally follow standard guide lines for the treatment of pneumonia in adults. Concern for fetal outcome should not delay any treatment strategies as improvement in maternal oxygenation and status is the best way to ensure fetal protection.
Investigation of Schottky bypass diodes from a faulty PV plant

Bypass diodes in photovoltaic modules are designed to prevent the solar cells and cell strings in the module from overheating if a module is operated incorrectly. Possible consequences of bypass diode failures are for example power loss, glass breakage or hot spot burns in PV modules. To avoid such situations, the key-role playing bypass diode must be in a good condition and the knowledge of the condition status is of high interest. For this reason, 36 Schottky diodes were randomly selected from the junction boxes of taken back PV modules and examined using a variety of characterisation methods. These included electrical characterisation and imaging techniques. The investigation identified all three possible bypass diode states: (i) bypass diode functional and conducting in one direction and blocking in the other direction, (ii) bypass diode defective and conducting in both directions, and (iii) bypass diode defective and no longer conducting in any direction. Defective bypass diodes that changed from failure state (ii) to failure state (iii) were found in different aged conditions. Conversely, only an abrupt transition was found for state (i) to failure state (ii). The main objective of having a fast and suitable method for characterising Schottky bypass diodes in PV systems in the field, which is also in simple agreement with results from laboratory measurement technology, was found with the electrician's multimeter.