Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Object Detection and Visual Innovation using AR

: This paper presents the implementation of applications that can detect objects and display information regarding it using reverse image search and various other AR applications. It discusses mainly about MobileNets for mobiles to detect an object. This MobileNets are based on streamlined architecture that uses depth-wise separable convolutions to build light weighted deep neural networks. This paper demonstrate the effectiveness of MobileNets across a wide range of applications and use cases of object detection. This paper also talks about augmented reality, it is a technology which combines virtual objects and real-world environment. This paper proposes application for trying different furniture items in virtual way, measuring a plot and visualising it on 3D to place furnitures. It will eliminate the need of physically visiting the furniture store which is very time consuming activity.
Noise Reduction of Segmentation Results Using Spatio-Temporal Filtering for Robot Navigation

Autonomous navigation in actual urban scenes is essential for human-robot symbiosis. Robot navigation mainly consists of three processes: mapping, localization, and path planning. An appropriate estimation of movable regions is indispensable for path planning; most current robots execute this using LIDAR and RADAR. However, these devices are quite expensive. In this paper, we try to estimate movable regions by only image processing that strongly depends on semantic segmentation. The accuracy of semantic segmentation has been drastically improved owing to the advancements of deep learning, but sometimes pseudo obstacles emerge after segmentation because of disturbances such as changes in illumination. Therefore, we propose a spatio-temporal filter that can appropriately eliminate pseudo obstacles in robot's motions after semantic segmentation by PSPNet. Experimental results using the IKUTA dataset we constructed showed that pseudo obstacles could be reduced to zero with three frames that include false negatives in the best case.
Integrators for elastodynamic simulation with stiffness and stiffening

The main goal of this thesis is to develop effective numerical algorithms for stiff elastodynamic simulation, a key procedure in computer graphics applications. To enable such simulations, the governing differential system is discretized in 3D space using a finite element method (FEM) and then integrated forward in discrete time steps. To perform such simulations at a low cost, coarse spatial discretization and large time steps are desirable. However, using a coarse spatial mesh can introduce numerical stiffening that impede visual accuracy. Moreover, to enable large time steps while maintaining stability, the semi-implicit backward Euler method (SI) is often used; but this method causes uncontrolled damping and makes simulation appear less lively. To improve the dynamic consistency and accuracy as the spatial mesh resolution is coarsened, we propose and demonstrate, for both linear and nonlinear force models, a new method called EigenFit. This method applies a partial spectral decomposition, solving a generalized eigenvalue problem in the leading mode subspace and then replacing the first several eigenvalues of the coarse mesh by those of the fine one at rest. We show its efficacy on a number of objects with both homogeneous and heterogeneous material distribution. To develop efficient time integrators, we first demonstrate that an exponential Rosenbrock-Euler (ERE) integrator can avoid excessive numerical damping while being relatively inexpensive to apply for moderately stiff elastic material. This holds even in challenging circumstances involving non-convex elastic energies. Finally, we design a hybrid, semi-implicit exponential integrator, SIERE, that allows SI and ERE to each perform what they are good at. To achieve this we apply ERE in a small subspace constructed from the leading modes in the partial spectral
On customer value and improvement in product development processes

In an effort to improve company operations and their results, more firms are applying the principles of “Lean”—not only to manufacturing but also to systems engineering processes. Too often, however, this is done with a shallow understanding of Lean and/or without a systems view, in which case Lean creates new problems and tensions and may not deliver expected results. Lean is not about just minimizing cost, cycle time, or waste. Lean is about maximizing value. In systems engineering or product development (PD), maximizing value may require doing more activities, not fewer. Since a process is a kind of system, a systems view and systems engineering principles are helpful. As the value of a system is more than the value of its individual components, the value of a process is more than the value of its individual activities. Value is driven not only by the presence of necessary (value‐adding) activities in the PD process but also by the way those activities work together to ensure that they use and produce the right work products, services, and information at the right time. This paper discusses how value is added in PD through work on activities and the production of deliverables. It integrates findings from several streams of research and provides bases upon which to build improved value models. It shows how the concept of Lean can broaden from asking “What wasteful activities can we stop doing? ” to include insights from asking “What helpful activities can we start doing, and when? ” © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Eng 6: 49–61, 2003. DOI 10.1002/sys.10034
Human colon cancer epithelial cells harbour active HEDGEHOG-GLI signalling that is essential for tumour growth, recurrence, metastasis and stem cell survival and expansion

Human colon cancers often start as benign adenomas through loss of APC, leading to enhanced βCATENIN (βCAT)/TCF function. These early lesions are efficiently managed but often progress to invasive carcinomas and incurable metastases through additional changes, the nature of which is unclear. We find that epithelial cells of human colon carcinomas (CCs) and their stem cells of all stages harbour an active HH‐GLI pathway. Unexpectedly, they acquire a high HEDGEHOG‐GLI (HH‐GLI) signature coincident with the development of metastases. We show that the growth of CC xenografts, their recurrence and metastases require HH‐GLI function, which induces a robust epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT). Moreover, using a novel tumour cell competition assay we show that the self‐renewal of CC stem cells in vivo relies on HH‐GLI activity. Our results indicate a key and essential role of the HH‐GLI1 pathway in promoting CC growth, stem cell self‐renewal and metastatic behavior in advanced cancers. Targeting HH‐GLI1, directly or indirectly, is thus predicted to decrease tumour bulk and eradicate CC stem cells and metastases.
The role of atrial septal abnormalities in cryptogenic stroke - still questionable?

An atrial septal aneurysm consists of redundant atrial septal tissue bulging into the right or the left atrium, sometimes even oscillating between both atria. Different definitions for the cut-off point between a mobile and an aneurysmatic atrial septum have been used, which may partly contribute to the range of atrial septal aneurysm prevalence in various studies in recent years (2%–9%). However, there is general agreement in all definitions that the basal width of an atrial septal aneurysm should be more than 15 mm and the excursion of the aneurysm beyond the plane of the residual atrial septum should be at least 10 or 15 mm. Atrial septal aneurysm has been found in about 1% of consecutive autopsies and in up to 4·9% of patients undergoing transoesophageal echocardiography for reasons other than a search for sources of emboli. In contrast, a large number of studies have described a significantly higher percentage of atrial septal aneurysm between 4% and 15% in pre-selected patient populations with otherwise unexplained transient ischaemic attack and stroke. Most of these studies assessing the potential role of atrial septal aneurysm as a source of emboli have compared the prevalence of atrial septal aneurysm in patients undergoing transoesophageal echocardiography after an embolic event with the frequency in patients in whom transoesophageal echocardiography was performed for other clinical indications. However, these highly selected control groups may have led to a bias and an over-estimation of the true prevalence of atrial septal aneurysm in an unselected population. A recent study from Agmon et al. similarly demonstrated a higher percentage of atrial septal aneurysm in patients with otherwise unclear cerebral embolism (7·9%) compared to the prevalence in a large matched population-based and thus not pre-selected control group (2·2% of subjects within the SPARC study). In the present multicentre study Mattioli and co-workers analysed 245 patients with an otherwise unexplained cerebral event (transient ischaemic attack or stroke) and compared the prevalence of atrial septal anomalies to an ageand sex-matched control group of 316 subjects. The prevalence of atrial septal aneurysm both in the patient group (27·7%) and in the controls (9·9%) was nearly four times higher than in the latest study of Agmon See page 261 for the article to which this Editorial refers
New beaked whales from the late Miocene of Peru and evidence for convergent evolution in stem and crown Ziphiidae (Cetacea, Odontoceti)

The Ziphiidae (beaked whales) represent a large group of open-ocean odontocetes (toothed cetaceans), whose elusive and deep diving behavior prevents direct observation in their natural habitat. Despite their generally large body size, broad geographical distribution, and high species number, ziphiids thus remain poorly known. Furthermore, the evolutionary processes that have led to their extreme adaptations and impressive extant diversity are still poorly understood. Here we report new fossil beaked whales from the late Miocene of the Pisco Formation (southern Peru). The best preserved remains here described are referred to two new genera and species, the Messinian Chavinziphius maxillocristatus and the Tortonian Chimuziphius coloradensis, based on skull remains from two marine vertebrate-rich localities: Cerro Los Quesos and Cerro Colorado, respectively. C. maxillocristatus is medium sized retains a complete set of functional lower teeth, and bears robust rostral maxillary crests similar to those of the extant Berardius. By contrast, C. coloradensis is small and characterized by large triangular nasals and moderately thickened premaxillae that dorsally close the mesorostral groove. Both species confirm the high past diversity of Ziphiidae, the richest cetacean family in terms of the number of genera and species. Our new phylogenetic and biogeographical analyses depart markedly from earlier studies in dividing beaked whales into two major clades: the Messapicetus clade, which, along with other stem ziphiids, once dominated the southeastern Pacific and North Atlantic; and crown Ziphiidae, the majority of which are found in deep-water regions of the Southern Ocean, with possible subsequent dispersal both globally (Mesoplodon and Ziphius) and to the cooler waters of the northern oceans (Berardius and Hyperoodon). Despite this relatively clear separation, both lineages seem to follow similar evolutionary trends, including (1) a progressive reduction of dentition; (2) an increase in the compactness and thickness of the rostral bones; (3) similar changes in facial morphology (e.g., elevation of the vertex); and (4) an increase of body size. We suggest that these trends may be linked to a convergent ecological shift to deep diving and suction feeding.
The Impact of Sociodemographic Factors on Knowledge of Cardiac Procedures

Background: This paper investigates the extent to which sociodemographic factors are associated with knowledge of cardiac procedures in a sample of study participants treated for coronary heart disease (CHD). Research indicates the importance of knowledge of CHD and its associated risks in order to prevent CHD. However, quantification of knowledge levels among individuals undergoing cardiac procedures to treat CHD has not been well documented. Method: Using a cross-sectional design, 156 participants, diverse in race/ethnicity, age, and sex, underwent elective cardiac catheterization for the evaluation of chest pain and/or angina. Participants completed surveys regarding medical history, sociodemographic information, and knowledge of cardiac procedures. Ninety-five of these individuals, with clinically significant CHD, were recommended by their physician to undergo a coronary revascularization procedure [percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) or coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)]. These individuals completed additional knowledge assessment surveys. Results: The overall knowledge scores for those undergoing coronary angiography were suboptimal (M score = 4.6 out of 8). Older aged (> 65), male, married, white, college-educated participants demonstrated greater knowledge of cardiac catheterization procedures (all p values < 0.05). Knowledge scores were greater among those revascularized than among participants undergoing coronary angiography. Conclusions: Health professionals should provide general information about CHD treatment and interventions, especially among women and ethnic minorities.
The ubiquitin system for protein degradation.

PERSPECTIVES AND SUMMARy 762 INTRODUCTION 762 ENZYMES OF UBIQUITIN ACTIVATION AND LIGATION 764 Ubiq u it in -Activatin g En zyme, E } . 764 Ubiquitin-Carrier Proteins, E2s 767 Ubiq uit in -Protein Ligases, E3s. 771 DEGRADATION OF PROTEINS LIGATED TO UBIQUITIN 775 The 26S Protease Complex and its Three Components 775 Identification of CF-3 as the 20S P rotea se Complex . 777 P ossible Role s of ATP 780 UBIQUITIN-C-TERMINAL HYDROLASES 781 SIGNALS IN PROTEINS FOR UBIQUITIN-MEDIATED DEGRADATION 786 The N-Term ina l Recognition Signa l . 786 Sign als t hat are Distinct from the N-Term in al Re sid ue . 790 DEGRADATION OF SPECIFIC CELLULAR PROTEINS BY THE UBIQUITIN SYSTEM: REGULATORY ASPECTS 792 P hytochrome . 792 Oncoprotein s. 794 MATaJ. Repre ssor . 795 Cyclin s . 796 DIVERSE FUNCTIONS OF UBIQUITIN CONJUGATION. 799 CONCLUDING REMARKS 801
Endogenous, Reactive and Neurotic Depression – Diagnostic Stability and Long-Term Outcome

Background: No larger long-term study has been conducted of outcomes of patients diagnosed with endogenous, reactive or neurotic depression and using survival methods in the analyses. Sampling and Methods: All patients who had had their first-ever discharge in the period from 1970 to 1994 with a diagnosis of endogenous, reactive or neurotic depression according to ICD-8 were identified in a nationwide register of admissions to psychiatric wards. Patients were followed up to 1999 and the long-term diagnostic stability, the risk of relapse leading to readmission and the risk of suicide was analysed in the three groups. Results: The diagnostic stability over time of the diagnosis of reactive depression and neurotic depression was low. Patients with neurotic depression had a substantially greater risk of relapse leading to readmission compared to patients with endogenous depression, and patients with reactive depression had less risk of relapse. No differences were found in the risk of completed suicide between the three groups of patients during long-term follow-up. Conclusions: The study does not provide evidence for re-establishing prior diagnostic systems of depressive disorders based on the presence or absence of neurotic characteristics or on the presence or absence of a psychic trauma as in ICD-8.
DNA topoisomerase poisons as antitumor drugs.

PERSPECTIVES AND SUMMARY . 351 MAMMALIAN DNA TOPOISOMERASES . 353 Mammalian DNA Topoisomerase I . 353 Mammalian DNA Topoisomerase II 356 MAMMALIAN DNA TOPOISOMERASE II POISONS . 358 Intercalative Antitumor Drugs . 358 Nortintercalative Antitumor Epipodophyliotoxirts . 361 Altered Regulation of Topoisomerase II in Tumor Cells. 363 MAMMALIAN DNA TOPOISOMERASE I POISONS-CAMPTOTHECINS . 364 BACTERIAL DNA TOPOISOMERASE II POISONS-QUINOLONE ANTIBIOTICS . 366 POSSIBLE MECHANISM(S) OF CELL KILLING BY MAMMALIAN TOPOISOMERASE POISONS . 368 Inhibition of DNA Synthesis . 368 Inhibition of Cell Division . 369 DNA Degradation. 370 OTHER CELLULAR RESPONSES AND DRUG RESISTANCE . 370
Successful establishment of a left ventricular assist device program in an emerging country: one year experience.

Background The primary goal of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of patients with end-stage heart failure (HF) who underwent continuous flow left ventricular assist device (CF-LVAD) in a developing country and to compare to those reported by more developed countries. The secondary goal was on determining factors that may be connected to improved survival. Methods We prospectively analyzed 47 consecutive patients who underwent CF-LVAD at our institution. After one year the survival and adverse event profiles of patients were evaluated. At 3, 6 and 12 months, the cardiac, renal and liver function outcomes were assessed. Results The 30-day, 6-month and 1-year survival rates were 89%, 85% and 80%, respectively. A significant improvement in dimensions and ejection fraction of left ventricle, BNP, functional capacity, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and total bilirubin (P<0.05 for all) were noticed 3 months post-CF-LVAD implantation, and patients were stable throughout the entire first year follow up. In the group of patients with baseline renal dysfunction (RD) there were significant improvements of renal function (P=0.004), with no changes on follow up. 57% of patients exhibited some kind of adverse event, commonly in the form of bleeding. In multivariate Cox regression analysis renal failure was found to be as an independent risk factor for the overall survival (HR =13.1, P<0.001). Conclusions In conclusion, our data extends previous findings from centers of developed countries, that CF-LVAD is an adequate treatment option for patients suffering from end-stage HF, and encourages expansion of CF-LVAD implantation in developing countries with nascent HT program.
Translating Intertextuality in T.S. Eliot’s The Waste Land

Despite the numerous Arabic translations of T.S. Eliot’s The Waste Land, the poem continues to fascinate, attract and challenge Arab academics, poets and translators alike. The major difficulty in translating it arises from its extensive use of intertextuality. This paper examined how three academics - Louis Awad, Abdul-Wahid Lu’lu’a and Adnan Abdulla - rendered the intertextual elements of the poem into Arabic. The analysis showed that they all adopted a foreignizing approach which retained intertextuality in the core target texts. However, the deep immersion of the poem in the western cultural tradition and its heavy reliance on intertextuality have produced core target texts that are mostly cryptic and inadequate. This created a need for clarification and compensation to preserve the semantic integrity of the poem and bridge the cultural gap between the text initiator and target text receiver. Thus, paratexts emerge as a viable – even a necessary - element in the translation of the poem into Arabic and recreating its meaning. As such, paratexts are no longer viewed as peripheral but as an essential component in which part of the meaning of the translated text is situated.
1351.0.55.020 Research Paper: Explorations of Innovation and Business Performance Using Linked Firm-Level Data (Sep 2007)

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An Automatic Ontology Generation Framework with An Organizational Perspective

Ontologies have been known for their semantic representation of knowledge. ontologies cannot automatically evolve to reflect updates that occur in respective domains. To address this limitation, researchers have called for automatic ontology generation from unstructured text corpus. Unfortunately, systems that aim to generate ontologies from unstructured text corpus are domain-specific and require manual intervention. In addition, they suffer from uncertainty in creating concept linkages and difficulty in finding axioms for the same concept. Knowledge Graphs (KGs) has emerged as a powerful model for the dynamic representation of knowledge. However, KGs have many quality limitations and need extensive refinement. This research aims to develop a novel domain-independent automatic ontology generation framework that converts unstructured text corpus into domain consistent ontological form. The framework generates KGs from unstructured text corpus as well as refine and correct them to be consistent with domain ontologies. The power of the proposed automatically generated ontology is that it integrates the dynamic features of KGs and the quality features of ontologies.
Identification of genes involved in recombination-mediated telomere maintenance in yeast

Telomeres are structures that protect the ends of chromosomes from deterioration and fusion with other chromosomes. The enzyme telomerase ensures that the telomeres are extended and maintained at a proper length. In most human cells, telomerase levels are low, causing telomeres to shorten with each round of cell division. Cells with critically shortened telomeres are unable to continue dividing. This is thought to be a driver of aging, but also to act as a barrier to cancer development, as it limits the proliferative potential of cancer cells. Cancer cells use certain mechanisms to overcome this barrier. Most cancer cells (85-90%) express telomerase to counteract the shortening of telomeres. Other cancer cells (10-15%) do this by activating the Alternative Lengthening of Telomeres (ALT) mechanism. Much is still unclear about how ALT is activated in cancer cells. During my PhD, I used the model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker's yeast) to study this ALT mechanism. Yeast can also use ALT to maintain their telomeres; such yeast cells are called "survivors". I searched for and identified genes that are involved in survivor formation, some of which were not previously reported as being important in survivor formation. In particular, a few of these genes were known to regulate the intracellular levels of deoxynucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs), which are the building blocks of DNA. I subsequently showed that dNTP levels are increased early after inactivation of telomerase, and that this increase is important to generate survivors.
Communication Protocol Design Considerations For Highway Vehicle Platoons And Enhanced Networked Robustness By Stochastic Dithers

145 Autobiographical Statement 147 vii CHAPTER .
Managing diversity: an assessment of the national question in Pakistan

ABSTRACT Modern societies are confronted with a plethora of issues that have far-reaching socio-political ramifications. The negative effects of diversity are primarily the result of state policies. Where societies were not homogenous, attempts were made to bring desperate populations together to advance official nationalist projects. Pakistan, being dominantly a Muslim state, has religio-cultural and ethnic diversity where minority groups have raised their voices against the unjust state’s policies. This study examines how these issues evolved over the course of Pakistan’s history. The paper attempts to answer the question ‘why has Pakistan’s plurality become unmanageable? ’ The results demonstrate that a high degree of centralization of authority, the adoption of Urdu as a national language, a sense of domination of the central institutions by the Punjabis, underrepresentation of ethnic minorities in state institutions, and controlled society has aggravated the position of diverse groups in Pakistan, with colossal consequences to national economy and social harmony.