Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SOEPpapers on Multidisciplinary Panel Data Research The German Socio-Economic Panel study Trends in the German Income Distribution : 2005 / 06 to 2010 / 11

We analyze the potential influence of a number of factors on the distribution of equivalized net incomes in Germany over the period 2005/2006 to 2010/11. While income inequality considerably increased in the years before 2005/2006, this trend was stopped after 2005/2006. Among many other factors, we consider the role of the employment boom and the development of inequality in wage incomes after 2005/2006. Our results suggest that, despite further increases in wage inequality, inequality in equivalized net incomes did not increase further after 2005/2006 because increased within-year employment opportunities compensated otherwise rising inequality in annual labour incomes. On the other hand, income inequality did not fall in a more marked way after 2005/2006 because also the middle and the upper part of the distribution benefitted from the employment boom. Other factors, such as changing household structures, population aging and changes in the tax and transfer system had no important effects on the distribution. Finally, we find little evidence that the distribution of equivalized net incomes was affected in any important way by the financial crisis and the subsequent great recession. This version: 15 December 2016 JEL-Classification: C14, D31, I30
Geografia política das disputas de fronteiras: mudanças e continuidades nos discursos geopolíticos na América Latina (1990-2013)

The article offers a reflection on the changes and continuities in the discourse of border disputes in Latin America, within the framework of the new geopolitical order established after the end of the Cold War. After reviewing the scientific literature the paper provides an overview of the evolution of the disputes that were active around 1990 and analyzes their geopolitical discourses. The end of the Cold War does not seem to have had a significant impact on Latin American disputes, which are generally associated with the territorial nationalism promoted by certain States. Nevertheless, the consolidation of democratic regimes has entailed a change with respect to the past, and the prevailing discourse of integration has had a positive effect on those disputes.
Lithospheric Structure of the Moon and Correlation with Deep Moonquake Source Regions

Source Regions Pascal Audet and Catherine L. Johnson, University of California Berkeley (paudet@berkeley.edu), Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (cjohnson@eos.ubc.ca), Planetary Science Institute, Tucson, AZ. Introduction: A major scientific result from the Apollo Passive Seismic Experiment (APSE) was the detection of several thousand moonquakes that occur with tidal periodicities and emanate from distinct source regions with depths of 700–1200 km [1]. These deep moonquakes (DMQ) have provided first order information on the interior deep structure of the Moon; however little is known about the actual source regions, except that they appear to be less than a few km in spatial extent [2]. Observed DMQ source regions are confined to the lunar nearside, due to the placement of the 4 APSE seismometers. However, as has been noted previously, it is clear that the deep source regions are not distributed randomly even within some nominal region of sensitivity about the centroid of the Apollo seismic network [3]. In particular, DMQ source regions generally occur in association with the major nearside basins and few are located below the nearside highlands, suggesting the influence of long-lived spatial variations in thermal and/or compositional structure [3]. Here we investigate relationships between the DMQ source region locations and lithospheric and crustal structure.
On the role of the Southern Ocean in the global carbon cycle and atmospheric CO2 change

Uncertainty about the causes of glacial-interglacial CO2 variations demonstrates our incomplete grasp of fundamental processes that govern our climate and thus one of the foremost problems in palaeoceanography and Earth System Science regards the mechanism(s) responsible for natural changes in atmospheric CO2 concentration. It is becoming clear that the Southern Ocean overturning circulation plays an important role in the global carbon cycle because altered communication between the atmosphere and abyss in the Southern Ocean is relatively well documented and often implicated in explanations of past and future climate changes, but the ambiguity of the paleoceanographic record defies interpretation of the mechanisms involved. Using a coarse resolution ocean general circulation model and coupled biogeochemistry code, an ensemble of idealised perturbations to external forcing and internal physics of the Southern Ocean is examined to explain the processes that link ocean circulation, nutrient distributions and biological productivity, and determine the extent to which the Southern Ocean governs the partitioning of CO2. Strengthened or northward-shifted winds result in oceanic outgassing and increased atmospheric carbon dioxide levels, while weakened or southward-shifted winds cause oceanic carbon uptake and reduced atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration. Driven by the work done on the ocean by the winds, changes in the rate or spatial pattern of the Southern Ocean residual overturning circulation lead to alteration of upper ocean stratification and the rate and depth from which carbon and nutrient-rich deep waters are upwelled to the surface. These surface waters, imprinted with the pattern of air-sea gas exchange, are subducted to intermediate depths in the ocean interior, not the abyss as previous suggested. These results are robust to significant alterations to surface heat and freshwater boundary conditions, mesoscale eddy activity and rates of air-sea gas exchange and represent a significant proportion of the change in glacial-interglacial CO2 that can be currently generated by altered ocean circulation in a variety of models, revealing that the upper limb of the Southern Ocean overturning circulation is important in determining atmospheric CO2 levels.
Trophic interactions in Caribbean coral reefs

Abstract XIII Chapter 1 . INTRODUCTION 1 The ECOPATH Model 3 Development of the Models 10 Objectives 10 Chapter 2 . MATERIALS AND METHODS 12 Sources of Data 12 Choice of Suitable System 12 System Boundaries and the Concept of "Subsystems" 12 System Components 13 Fishing Activities 21 Methods and Data Used for the Computation of Input Parameters Required for ECOPATH 11 22 . Diet Compos~t~on Matrix 34 Aggregation of Species and Taxa
Does Movie Violence Increase Violent Crime?

Laboratory experiments in psychology find that media violence increases aggression in the short run. We analyze whether media violence affects violent crime in the field. We exploit variation in the violence of blockbuster movies from 1995 to 2004, and study the effect on same-day assaults. We find that violent crime decreases on days with larger theater audiences for violent movies. The effect is partly due to voluntary incapacitation: between 6PM and 12AM, a one million increase in the audience for violent movies reduces violent crime by 1.1 to 1.3 percent. After exposure to the movie, between 12AM and 6AM, violent crime is reduced by an even larger percent. This finding is explained by the self-selection of violent individuals into violent movie attendance, leading to a substitution away from more volatile activities. In particular, movie attendance appears to reduce alcohol consumption. Like the laboratory experiments, we find indirect evidence that movie violence increases violent crime; however, this effect is dominated by the reduction in crime induced by a substitution away from more dangerous activities. Overall, our estimates suggest that in the short-run violent movies deter almost 1,000 assaults on an average weekend. While our design does not allow us to estimate long-run effects, we find no evidence of medium-run effects up to three weeks after initial exposure.
: What are the social correlates of subsequent abortions in Flanders, Belgium?

Objective: To study whether the social correlates of subsequent abortions vary depending on the order of the abortion. Methodology: Drawing upon the Flemish abortion centers’ anonymized patient records (2010-2019), discrete-time hazard models were used to examine whether individual abortion experiences across women’s reproductive life course have different social correlates. Results: Overall, women who were in their twenties, of foreign origin, single, had non-tertiary education, were not in paid employment, had children, did not (consistently and without errors) use contraception and had a previous abortion through medication, had an elevated probability to experience subsequent abortions. While single women and women with a vulnerable socioeconomic status were more likely to have a second or third abortion, this difference is no longer prevalent when considering higher-order abortions. The hazard for higher-order abortions was more pronounced in women with a migration background, regardless of the order considered. Contraceptive use was unrelated to fourth or higher-order abortions. Conclusion: Using discrete-time hazard models, we unpack individual abortion experiences across women’s reproductive life courses. By studying the transitions into different orders of subsequent abortions separately, we provide a more detailed understanding of risk factors compared to other European studies. The social correlates vary by the order considered: A certain profile emerges for women who have a second or third abortion, but disintegrates when considering higher-order abortions. This knowledge enables clinicians and policymakers to better understand women who experience subsequent abortions and to tailor services best suited to their needs.
Climate Change Adaptation in theAustralian Edible Oyster Industry:an analysis of policyand practice

The oyster industry occupies a unique geographical position in bays and estuaries, on the cusp of land and sea. This position makes the sector potentially vulnerable to changes in both terrestrial and oceanic environments. Projected climate changes are likely to mean that oyster growers will need to adapt in diverse ways across the many places in which they work. To encourage adaptation industry bodies and governments may also need to develop their approaches, programs, policies and practices.
Progress in Microbes and Molecular Biology

A single Streptomyces strain often have the potential to produce more than one bioactive compound. Fermentation parameters include media compositions, temperature and pH, have great impact on the secondary metabolism of Streptomyces and subsequently on production of different microbial products. This review aims to consolidate the studies on the cultivation parameters used to enhance the production of secondary metabolite with anti-Vibrio activity from a single Streptomyces strain. In turn, this review sheds light on the possible alterations of the cultivation parameters to obtain desired anti-Vibrio compounds from Streptomyces sp. Furthermore, the bioactive compounds with anti-Vibrio activity identified from Streptomyces sp. were demonstrated to exhibit immense values for future antibacterial agent developments.
Progress in Microbes and Molecular Biology

Luminal breast cancer subtype (ER/PR+, HER2+/-) represents about two-thirds of all breast cancers, and better understanding of the genetic alterations underpinning the disease pathogenesis is desirable to develop improved treatment plans and to increase patients’ survival. To date, other than hormonal and anti-HER2 therapies (e.g. tamoxifen, aromatase inhibitor, trastuzumab), no other targeted therapies have been approved by FDA for luminal breast cancer. Despite thousands of breast tumour samples have been sequenced, there is no data yet on Malaysian patients. Therefore, it is clinically important to identify actionable mutated genes or pathways implicated in our local breast cancer patients to establish a more defined framework for precision medicine and clinical trials. In this discovery study, a total of nine pairs of newly diagnosed luminal breast cancer cases (>80% tumour content) and their matched normal samples were subjected to exome sequencing. We detected a total of 491 somatic from nine pairs of breast tumour-normal samples. PIK3CA is the most frequently mutated gene in our discovery cohort of patients (n=4/9). Kinases and phosphatases were found as the most significantly enriched mutated genes (enrichment score = 3.12), with all nine luminal breast cancer samples harboring at least one non-synonymous mutation in this cluster of genes. This profile suggested that alteration in protein phosphorylation processes is among the key drivers in luminal breast cancer pathogenesis. Interestingly, genes involved in four key druggable cancer pathways, i.e. PI3K/ AKT/mTOR, MAPK/ERK, NF-kβ and VEGF signalling pathways were found commonly mutated and require validation in a larger cohort. In conclusion, we have successfully profiled the somatic mutations in Malaysian luminal breast cancer and this is the first study conducted in Malaysian patients. These findings revealed the role of multiple gene testing in discovering luminal breast cancer mutational landscape.
Optical fiber sensors : advanced techniques and applications

Preface Editors Contributors Introduction to Optical Fiber Sensors Ginu Rajan Optical Fiber Sensing Solutions: From Macro- to Micro-/Nanoscale Yuliya Semenova and Gerald Farrell Interferometric Fiber-Optic Sensors Sara Tofighi, Abolfazl Bahrampour, Nafiseh Pishbin, and Ali Reza Bahrampour Polymer Optical Fiber Sensors Kara Peters Surface Plasmon Resonance Fiber-Optic Sensors Kent B. Pfeifer and Steven M. Thornberg Photonic-Crystal Fibers for Sensing Applications Ana M.R. Pinto Liquid Crystal Optical Fibers for Sensing Applications Sunish Mathews and Yuliya Semenova Optical Microfiber Physical Sensors George Y. Chen and Gilberto Brambilla Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors and Interrogation Systems Dipankar Sengupta Polymer Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors and Their Applications David J. Webb Acousto-Optic Effect and Its Application in Optical Fibers Alexandre de Almeida Prado Pohl Distributed Fiber-Optic Sensors and Their Applications Balaji Srinivasan and Deepa Venkitesh Fiber Laser-Based Sensing Technologies Asrul Izam Azmi, Muhammad Yusof Mohd Noor, Haifeng Qi, Kun Liu, and Gang-Ding Peng Active Core Optical Fiber Chemical Sensors and Applications Shiquan Tao Optical Fiber Humidity Sensors Muhammad Yusof Mohd Noor, Gang-Ding Peng, and Ginu Rajan Medical Applications of Fiber-Optic Sensors Vandana Mishra Optical Fiber Sensors for Smart Composite Materials and Structures Manjusha Ramakrishnan, Yuliya Semenova, Gerald Farrell, and Ginu Rajan Future Perspectives for Fiber-Optic Sensing Brian Culshaw Index
Chromosomal rearrangement in the 22q11.2 region: a critical locus for sociability and attentional skills

Rearrangements of 22q11.2 region, most often deletions and duplications, are responsible for multiple congenital disorders. These rearrangements are involved in syndromes that share some phenotypic similarities. To date, 22q11.2 triplication remains very rare, with few cases described in the literature. Here, we report for the first time the clinical, neurocognitive, social cognition and psychiatric properties of a 6-year-old child with 22q11.2 triplication, in comparison with a patient with 22q11.2 duplication and 16 cases of patients with 22q11.2 deletion. Chromosomal region 22q11.2 seems to be a critical locus for sociability and attentional skills and rearrangements could be interpreted as a predisposing factor for the development of psychotic symptoms (22q11.2 deletion), a protective factor (22q11.2 duplication) or a tendency factor for hypersociability (22q11.2 triplication).
A Fast-transient Current Control Strategy for Three-phase Four-wire Modular Multilevel Inverter in Grid-tied Battery Energy Storage System

A fast-transient current control strategy for three-phase four-wire cascaded H-bridge inverter is presented for versatile operation of grid-connected battery energy storage systems. The proposed control method enables both symmetric and asymmetric inverter operation requirements of a stationary on-grid battery energy storage system by employing three independent pairs of synchronous reference frame PI controllers in each phase of the three-phase four-wire inverter. The independent single-phase grid synchronizations in the control structure enable reliable operation of fault-free phase(s) during grid fault conditions. The proposed control system characterizes fast-transient current tracking in asymmetric control mode. It can exchange active and/or reactive power with independent single-phase loads and/or generations connected to the three-phase system, by following given current references. MATLAB and Simulink based simulations are used to evaluate the system performance and verified by hardware experiments.
Thoracic Aortic Plaque Burden and Prediction of Cardiovascular Events in Patients Undergoing 320-row Multidetector CT Coronary Angiography

Aim: Wide volume scan (WVS) coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) enables aortic arch visualization. This study assessed whether the thoracic aortic plaque burden (TAPB) score can predict major cardiovascular adverse events (MACE) in addition to and independently of other obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) attributes. Methods: This study included patients with suspected CAD who underwent CCTA (n=455). CCTA-WVS was used to assess CAD and the prognostic capacity of TAPB scores. Data analysis included the coronary artery calcification score (CACS), CAD status and extent, and TAPB score, calculated as the sum of plaque thickness and plaque angle at five thoracic aortic segments. The primary endpoint was MACE defined as a composite event comprised of ischemic stroke, acute coronary syndrome, and cardiovascular death. Results: During a mean follow-up period of 2.8±0.9 years, 40 of 455 (8.8%) patients experienced MACE. In the Cox proportional hazards model adjusted for clinical risks (Suita cardiovascular disease risk score), we identified TAPB score (T3) as a predictor of MACE independent of CACS ＞400 (hazards ratio [HR], 2.91; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.26–6.72;p=0.012) or obstructive CAD (HR, 2.83; 95% CI, 1.30–6.18;p=0.009). The area under the curve for predicting MACE improved from 0.75 to 0.795 (p value=0.008) when TAPB score was added to CACS ＞400 and obstructive CAD. Conclusions: We found that comprehensive non-invasive evaluation of TAPB and CAD has prognostic value in MACE risk stratification for suspected CAD patients undergoing CCTA.
Interaction of Ocean Waves and Currents: How Different Approaches may be Reconciled.

The effect of ocean waves on near-surface currents is a topic about which interest has recently revived, as a result of various factors including the prediction of the drift of oil spills from marine accidents. In order to evaluate properly the effect of waves, it is necessary to employ a consistent formulation of the energy and momentum balance within the airflow, the wave field, and the water column. Although the usual Eulerian equations of fluid mechanics are often used, it is also very desirable to use a coordinate system which can represent vertical variations near the sea surface at scales smaller than the wave height: surface-following coordinate systems fall into this category. We review the application of such coordinate systems, and relate them to the Generalized Lagrangian Mean formalism of Andrews and McIntyre.
The genomes of the yaws bacterium, Treponema pallidum subsp. pertenue, of nonhuman primate and human origin are not genomically distinct

Background Treponema pallidum subsp. pertenue (TPE) is the causative agent of human yaws. Yaws is currently reported in 13 endemic countries in Africa, southern Asia, and the Pacific region. During the mid-20th century, a first yaws eradication effort resulted in a global 95% drop in yaws prevalence. The lack of continued surveillance has led to the resurgence of yaws. The disease was believed to have no animal reservoirs, which supported the development of a currently ongoing second yaws eradication campaign. Concomitantly, genetic evidence started to show that TPE strains naturally infect nonhuman primates (NHPs) in sub-Saharan Africa. In our current study we tested hypothesis that NHP- and human-infecting TPE strains differ in the previously unknown parts of the genomes. Methodology/Principal findings In this study, we determined complete (finished) genomes of ten TPE isolates that originated from NHPs and compared them to TPE whole-genome sequences from human yaws patients. We performed an in-depth analysis of TPE genomes to determine if any consistent genomic differences are present between TPE genomes of human and NHP origin. We were able to resolve previously undetermined TPE chromosomal regions (sequencing gaps) that prevented us from making a conclusion regarding the sequence identity of TPE genomes from NHPs and humans. The comparison among finished genome sequences revealed no consistent differences between human and NHP TPE genomes. Conclusion/Significance Our data show that NHPs are infected with strains that are not only similar to the strains infecting humans but are genomically indistinguishable from them. Although interspecies transmission in NHPs is a rare event and evidence for current spillover events is missing, the existence of the yaws bacterium in NHPs is demonstrated. While the low risk of spillover supports the current yaws treatment campaign, it is of importance to continue yaws surveillance in areas where NHPs are naturally infected with TPE even if yaws is successfully eliminated in humans.
Estimation of Sensitive Attributes Using a Stratified Kuk Randomization Device

This paper suggests a stratified Kuk model to estimate the proportion of sensitive attributes of a population composed by a number of strata; this is undertaken by applying stratified sampling to the adjusted Kuk model. The paper estimates sensitive parameters when the size of the stratum is known by taking proportional and optimal allocation methods into account and then extends to the case of an unknown stratum size, estimating sensitive parameters by applying stratified double sampling and checking the two allocation methods. Finally, the paper compares the efficiency of the proposed model to that of the Su, Sedory and Singh model and the adjusted Kuk model in terms of the estimator variance.
THE 1991 GREAT SANTIAGO ORIGIN-DESTINATION SURVEY: METHODOLOGICAL DESIGN AND MAIN RESULTS

This paper summarizes the main methodological aspects and presents some results of the Great Santiago Origin-Destination survey. The general objective of the study was to provide basic information for the detection, design and economic evaluation of urban transport investment projects in Santiago. Another objective was to provide the data for the future calibration and operation of the city's urban transport model system. The paper concentrates on discussing some of the more relevant methodological aspects of the study. Specifically, it considers the problems of sample size selection of the O-D survey and travel diaries, the correction and expansion of the household survey, and its subsequent validation using the independent information coming from the traffic-counts program.
Improved long‐term outcomes after innovative preoperative evaluation and conception of precise surgery for gallbladder cancer

Three‐dimensional visualization preoperative evaluation (3D‐VPE) and enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) have been suggested to improve outcomes of cancer surgery in patients, yet little is known regarding their clinical benefit in patients with gallbladder cancer (GBC). We hypothesized that the combination of 3D‐VPE and ERAS would improve the outcome of patients undergoing surgery for GBC.