Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identification and Characterization of Key Kinetic Intermediates in Amyloid bbb -protein Fibrillogenesis

Amyloid b -protein (A b ) assembly into toxic oligomeric and ﬁbrillar structures is a seminal event in Alzheimer’s disease, therefore blocking this process could have signiﬁcant therapeutic beneﬁt. A rigorous mechanistic understanding of A b assembly would facilitate the targeting and design of ﬁbrillogenesis inhibitors. Prior studies have shown that A b ﬁbrillogenesis involves conformational changes leading to the formation of extended b -sheets and that an a -helix-containing intermediate may be involved. However, the signiﬁcance of this intermediate has been a matter of debate. We report here that the formation of an oligomeric, a -helix-containing assembly is a key step in A b ﬁbrillogenesis. The generality of this phenomenon was supported by conformational studies of 18 different A b peptides, including wild-type A b (1-40) and A b (1-42), biologically relevant truncated and chemically modiﬁed A b peptides, and A b peptides causing familial forms of cerebral amyloid angiopathy. Without exception, ﬁbrillogenesis of these peptides involved an oligomeric a -helix-containing intermediate and the kinetics of formation of the intermediate and of ﬁbrils was temporally correlated. The kinetics varied depending on amino acid sequence and the extent of peptide N- and C-terminal truncation. The pH dependence of helix formation suggested that Asp and His exerted signiﬁcant control over this process and over ﬁbrillogenesis in general. Consistent with this idea, A b peptides containing Asp ! Asn or His ! Gln substitutions showed altered ﬁbrillogenesis kinetics. These data emphasize the importance of the dynamic interplay between A b monomer conformation and oligomerization state in controlling ﬁbrillogenesis kinetics.
Behavior of HVDC Thyristor Valve on the Critical Turn-Off Condition and Optimized Gate Firing System

When a thyristor valve is operated in a current discontinuity mode, one or more thyristor devices of the valve can be overstressed due to the critical, turn-off phenomena. An adequate gate firing s stem is indispensable to y prevent such a thyristor contingency. In thi. s paper, a thyristor critical turn-off is discussed in detail and the optimized gate system is presented with the demonstration of site test carried out in Hokkaido ¿Honshu HVDC link in Japan.
Efﬁcacy of Post-Emergence Herbicides against Important Weeds of Sugarcane in North-East Thailand

: Weeds represent a signiﬁcant problem in Thailand’s sugarcane production. The various cycles of sugarcane cultivation result in degrees of weed severity in which each species requires a different weed control method, the most popular of which is the post-emergence herbicide method. However, sugarcane farmers often use incorrect rates, and operators’ safety is missing or applications are not selective, causing toxicity and interrupted growth of sugarcane. The effects of post-emergence herbicide types, time, and application rates are presented herein, through an experiment in Northeast Thailand, conducted in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications. The herbicides paraquat and ametryn were evaluated, with paraquat being more effective, yet resulting in higher toxicity and lower yield components. We may conclude through our experiments that ametryn and paraquat can be applied only once for sugarcane at the tillering stage and at rates of 540 and 2400 g ai ha − 1 , respectively. These rates were lower than the recommended rates, which represented the minimum doses necessary to control Thailand’s dominant weed species like Brachiaria distachya (L.) Stapf. , Dactyloctenium aegyptium (L.) P.B. , Praxelis clematidea R.M King & H. Rob and Pennisetum polystachion (L.) Schult. Consequently, the adequate control of weeds is a rather case-speciﬁc situation and therefore each weed species should be taken into account. and stalk elongation stages of sugarcane (15, 15 to 18, and 17 days, respectively). The results showed that high herbicide application rates required more time for sugarcane recovery. Moreover, high toxicity was related to the sugarcane’s recovery (days).
On the Social Aspects of Forming the Concept of "Chef-D'oeuvre"

— Aesthetic Emotions caused by the perception of an Artworks (music, painting, literature, architec-ture, dancing, etc.) represent the enigma, since they are quite individual and caused by (generally) no rational reasons. However, the individual concept of Chef-D’oeuvre, that is the effect of ‘goose bumps’, is sincere and objective since could be measured by skin sensors. In our previous works, we have proposed so-called Natural-Constructive Cognitive Architecture that is represented by the complex multilevel combination of various-type neural processors. Being based on this architecture, we have argued that the Aesthetic Emotions are connected with activation of the ‘halo-neurons’, those that correspond to atypical (rare) attributes of the real objects. It was shown that the personal feeling of Chef-D’oeuvre could be caused by the ‘recognition paradox’ effect, when the artwork seems similar to well-known patterns but is still unusual. In this paper, we consider certain social aspects of this concept’s formation. It is shown that this process is also paradoxical and largely similar to the process of individual learning.
Therapeutic effect of blocking CXCR2 on neutrophil recruitment and DSS induced colitis

Dextran sodium sulphate (DSS)-induced colitis in mice is characterized by polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) infiltration into the colonic mucosa and lumen. The mechanism by which this occurs is unclear. To begin to understand the mechanism we determined the role of the PMN chemokine receptor, CXCR2, in DSS-induced colitis by using CXCR2 –/– mice or by neutralizing CXCR2. DSS was administered through drinking water to CXCR2 –/– and Balb/c mice for 5 days followed by regular water for 1 day. In the neutralization study mice were injected with control serum or goat anti-CXCR2 antiserum. Balb/c mice receiving DSS, and control serum-injected mice receiving DSS, lost weight and showed considerable clinical illness. PMNs found in the mucosa anti-CXCR2 antiserum compared control mice but no significant difference in eosinophil infiltration observed between the groups. Our experiments identify a role for CXCR2 in DSS-induced colitis and suggest that antagonizing CXCR2 provides some therapeutic efficacy, possibly by impeding PMN recruitment into the mucosa. Antagonizing CXCR2 may form the basis for therapeutic drugs directed at controlling colitis.
Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Sokotrasterol Sulfate-stimulated Primary Human Endothelial Cells*

The endothelium forms a continuous monolayer at the interface between blood and tissue and contributes significantly to the sensing and transducing of signals between blood and tissue. New blood vessel formation, or angiogenesis, is initiated by the activation of endothelial cells and is an important process required for various pathological and physiological situations. This study used cleavable isotope-coded affinity tag reagents combined with mass spectrometry to investigate the molecular ba-sis of a recently discovered angiogenesis-promoting steroid, sokotrasterol sulfate. Changes in the relative abundances of over 1000 proteins within human endothelial cells treated with sokotrasterol sulfate and vehicle-treated cells were identified and quantitated using this technique. A method that examines the entire ensemble of quantitative measurements was developed to identify proteins that showed a statistically significant change in relative abundance resulting from treatment with sokotrasterol sulfate. A total of 93 proteins was significantly up-regulated, and 37 were down-regulated in response to sokotrasterol sulfate stimulation of endothelial cells. Among the up-regulated proteins, several were identified that are novel to endothelial cells and are likely involved in cell communication and morphogenesis. These findings are consistent with a role for sokotrasterol sulfate in endothelial sprouting. Molecular & Cellular Proteomics 4: 191–204, 2005. The Archaea-derived , , . Dynamic modifications for cysteinyl (Cys) were set by for in a search. corr 2H] 3H] (cid:3) for identification of tryptic within the cICAT-labeled samples. The identified peptides were quantified using which calculates the relative in this of based on area of their extracted ion chromatograms.
A broadband circularly polarized monopole antenna

A compact modified C‐shaped monopole antenna with broadband circular polarization is proposed, fabricated and measured. The antenna structure is simple and only consists of combined modified C‐shaped radiation patch and an improved ground plane with the overall size of 25 × 25 × 1 mm3. By cutting the corner on the modified C‐shaped patch and adding triangular stubs on the ground plane, the wide impedance bandwidth and axial ratio bandwidth are achieved. The design process of the antenna is given, and the circular polarization mechanism of the circularly polarized antenna is analyzed from the surface current distributions. The measured impedance bandwidth is 95.2% (4.4‐12.4 GHz) with return loss better than 10 dB, and the measured 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth is 96.8% (4.42‐12.72 GHz). The peak gain is above 3.0 dBi within the working band, which indicates that it is suitable for application of ultra‐wideband (UWB) wireless communication systems and satellite communication systems.
Assessment of molecular diversity using RAPD markers in elite genotypes of cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.)

The contemporary appraisal was to analyze eleven parental genotypes in cotton for their molecular diversity using RAPD markers so as to sort out the contrasting parents for developing mapping populations and study of different yield related traits for the development of varieties and heterosis breeding. Altogether 25 RAPD primers were utilized to contrast the parental genotypes out of which 15 showed transparent scorable distinct bands. Out of 15, 5 markers showed polymorphism and 10 showed monomorphism. Average number of bands per primer is 4.4. The genetic similarity coefficient ranged from 0.357 to 0.840 and the maximum dissimilarity of 0. 643. Clustering depicted that the 11 genotypes fell into two major clusters one formed by 8-1-2 genotype and the other include remaining 10 genotypes. Crosses between the genotypes based on their genetic distances which represent that genetic elements are in contrasting nature assist in creation of genetic variability and assist in hybrid breeding programmes.
Austin Journal of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Hand Burns

The incidence of burns to the hand may be much more common than reported in medical literature. The hand is such an important means of interacting and exploring our environment that these burns need to be treated carefully. Fortunately, most burns are relatively minor, so that only more severe injuries present for evaluation and treatment. Optimal outcomes require a coordinated effort early on in the course of recovery for the burn patient.
S0020818321000229jra 1133..1153

International organizations (IOs) increasingly pool resources and expertise. Under what conditions do they pool rather than compete when their activities overlap? Drawing on elite interviews, I argue that even though many cooperation decisions are made by staff possessing high degrees of autonomy from member state principals, IOs are more likely to pool resources when their leading stakeholders are geopolitically aligned. Regardless of whether member states directly oversee the negotiation of these arrangements, staff design policies that are amenable to major stakeholders. I test this argument with regression analysis of an original data set that documents patterns of co-financing and information sharing among IOs in the development issue area. I further supplement these tests with an elite survey experiment deployed via LinkedIn to bureaucrats from various development IOs. Across the board, I find evidence consistent with my theory. [COVID-19]. calls for a global coordination mechanism to accelerate matching demand with supply of what is necessary for the health system to respond. And I can tell you that we, the World Bank and the IMF are stepping in, are taking our responsibility for this global coordinating mechanism. —Kristalina Georgieva, IMF Managing Director1 Policymakers in international organizations (IOs) often pursue “coordination. ” Indeed, existing literature frames coordination as the primary way for IOs to eliminate redundancies among their activities and thereby mitigate the pathologies of competition under regime complexity, such as forum shopping.2 To achieve this, IOs can develop a division of labor,3 defer to one another,4 or integrate their activities.5 While effective at mitigating overlap, coordination can be quite costly for IOs because they are asked to limit the scope of their activities until they occupy a niche over which they possess a monopoly. Existing work shows that IOs prefer to creep their missions, increase their independence from member states, and expand 1. Transcript of Joint Press Conference on COVID-19 by IMF Managing Director and World Bank Group President, 4 March 2020. <https://bit.ly/3eBxuTa>. 2. I define a regime complex as the set of overlapping IOs that govern a single issue space. See Busch 2007; Clark 2021; Faude 2018 on when states forum shop. 3. Gehring and Faude 2014. 4. Pratt 2018. 5. Urpelainen and Johnson 2012. Also see Keohane and Victor 2011 on fragmentation; Henning and Pratt 2020 on hierarchy; and Aggarwal 1998 chapters 1 and 6 on nesting and parallel linkages. International Organization 75, Fall 2021, pp. 1133–53 © The IO Foundation 2021 doi:10.1017/S0020818321000229 h t t p s : / / d o i . o r g / 1 0 . 1 0 1 7 / S 0 0 2 0 8 1 8 3 2 1 0 0 0 2 2 9 D o w n l o a d e d f r o m h t t p s : / / w w w . c a m b r i d g e . o r g / c o r e . I P a d d r e s s : 2 0 7 . 2 4 1 . 2 2 5 . 1 3 9 , o n 2 4 N o v 2 0 2 1 a t 0 3 : 0 9 : 3 4 , s u b j e c t t o t h e C a m b r i d g e C o r e t e r m s o f u s e , a v a i l a b l e a t h t t p s : / / w w w . c a m b r i d g e . o r g / c o r e / t e r m s .
MINIREVIEW The Archaeal Flagellum: a Unique Motility Structure

s of the International Symposium on Biological Motility. 58. Vassilenko, K. S. , R. Rachel, and A. S. Kostyukova. 1994. Structural studies of Pyrococcus furiosus flagella, p. 289. In Abstracts of the International Symposium on Biological Motility. 59. Wieland, F. , G. Paul, and M. Sumper. 1985. Halobacterial flagellins are sulfated glycoproteins. J. Biol. Chem. 260:15180–15185. 60. Woese, C. R. , and G. E. Fox. 1977. Phylogenetic structure of the procaryotic domain: the primary kingdoms. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 74:5088–5090. 61. Woese, C. R. , O. Kandler, andM. L. Wheelis. 1990. Towards a natural system of organisms: proposal for the domains Archaea, Bacteria and Eucarya. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87:4576–4579. 62. Zillig, W. , P. Palm, H. -P. Klenk, D. Langer, U. Hudepohl, J. Hain, M. Lanzendorfer, and I. Holz. 1993. Transcription in archaea, p. 367–390. InM. Kates et al. (ed.), The biochemistry of archaea (archaebacteria). Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam. 5064 MINIREVIEW J. BACTERIOL. on July 9, 2020 by gest http/jb.asm . rg/ D ow nladed fom
Maternal Productivity in Beef Cattle

Beef cows, particularly as part of seed stock and cow/calf enterprises, are farmed extensively in temperate environments in southern Australia. The fundamental premise of a productive beef enterprise is a calving interval of 365 days. However, production system efficiency can also be determined by comparing inputs, namely megajoules of energy in the form of food, to outputs, namely the number of kilograms of beef sold each year. This thesis examined two heritable and economically desirable traits and the impact that selection to improve these traits had on beef herd productivity – defined in this thesis as Maternal Productivity. Selection for reduced fatness, achieved by selecting animals on the basis of low Rib Fat EBVs, can increase profitability because of consumer demand for lean meat and because sellers of cattle for slaughter are penalised if the carcasses have too much fat on them. Selection for an improvement in feed-efficiency through the trait Net Feed Intake (NFI) can improve profitability because it allows an increase in stocking rates or a reduction in the number of megajoules supplied to the herd for the same level of production.
COMPLIANCE MANAGEMENT AMONG CO COMPLIANCE MANAGEMENT AMONG CO COMPLIANCE MANAGEMENT AMONG CO COMPLIANCE MANAGEMENT AMONG CO----OPETING ACTORS OPETING ACTORS OPETING ACTORS OPETING ACTORS

This study obtains a set of guidelines with which IS designers can achieve regulatory compliance with data retention requirements. Previous work has explored how to assess compliance threats and to visualize the outcome of policies enforcement but has failed to address how regulatory compliance involves multiple agents seeking to optimize their individual payoffs. We propose a typology that acknowledges in the enterprise business model the return on investment of agents affected by the new controls. Such agents are assumed to be co-opeting, i
Instruments to assess integrated care

Introduction: Although several measurement instruments have been developed to measure the level of integrated health care delivery, no standardised, validated instrument exists covering all aspects of integrated care. The purpose of this review is to identify the instruments concerning how to measure the level of integration across health-care sectors and to assess and evaluate the organisational elements within the instruments identified. Methods: An extensive, systematic literature review in PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, Web of Science for the years 1980 – 2011. Selected abstracts were independently reviewed by two investigators. Results: We identified 23 measurement instruments and, within these, eight organisational elements were found. No measurement instrument covered all organisational elements, but almost all studies include well-defined structural and process aspects and six include cultural aspects; 14 explicitly stated using a theoretical framework. Conclusion and discussion: This review did not identify any measurement instrument covering all aspects of integrated care. Further, a lack of uniform use of the eight organisational elements across the studies was prevalent. It is uncertain whether development of a single ‘ all-inclusive ’ model for assessing integrated care is desirable. We emphasise the continuing need for validated instruments embedded in theoretical contexts.
Ferritin, transferrin, and transferrin receptor in relation to metabolic obesity phenotypes: Findings from the China Health and Nutrition Survey

Background This study aimed to explore the relationship between iron markers and metabolic obesity phenotypes and the role of age. Methods Data were from the China Health and Nutrition Survey 2009. Metabolic obesity phenotypes included metabolically healthy with normal weight (MHNW), metabolically unhealthy with normal weight (MUNW), metabolically healthy with overweight/obesity (MHO), and metabolically unhealthy with overweight/obesity (MUO). Iron markers including ferritin, transferrin, and soluble transferrin receptor were calculated as Log and quartered. The linear regression and multinomial logistic regression were used to explore the association of iron markers with age and metabolic obesity phenotypes, respectively. Results Ferritin was linearly related with age, with β (95% confidence interval, CI) of 0.029 (0.027 to 0.032) and -0.005 (-0.007 to -0.002) for women and men. Transferrin was negatively associated with age in both men and women (β < -0.011). Furthermore, compared with participants in the quartile 1 ferritin group, those in the quartile 4 had increased odds of MUNW, MHO, and MUO, with odds ratio and 95% confidence interval (OR, 95% CI) of 3.06 (2.20 to 4.25), 1.66 (1.35 to 2.05), and 5.27 (4.17 to 6.66). Transferrin showed similar relationships with MUNW, MUO, and MHO; whereas transferrin receptor showed no significance. We also found joint associations of ferritin and transferrin with MUNW, MUO, and MHO. The interactive effect of ferritin and transferrin on MUO was significant (P = 0.015). Conclusion Increased ferritin and transferrin were associated with MUNW, MHO, and MUO. Age should be considered when investigating iron.
Ion channel molecular complexes in vascular smooth muscle

Ion channels that influence membrane potential and intracellular calcium concentration control vascular smooth muscle excitability. Voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCC), transient receptor potential (TRP) channels, voltage (KV), and Ca2+-activated K+ (BK) channels are key regulators of vascular smooth muscle excitability and contractility. These channels are regulated by various signaling cues, including protein kinases and phosphatases. The effects of these ubiquitous signaling molecules often depend on the formation of macromolecular complexes that provide a platform for targeting and compartmentalizing signaling events to specific substrates. This manuscript summarizes our current understanding of specific molecular complexes involving VGCC, TRP, and KV and BK channels and their contribution to regulating vascular physiology.
Maximally permissive deadlock prevention policies for flexible manufacturing systems using control transition

Nowadays, many kinds of flexible manufacturing systems are used to process many complex manufacturing works due to their machine flexibility and routing flexibility. However, such competition (i.e. robots and machines) for shared resources by concurrent job processes can lead to the problem of a system deadlock. In existing researches, almost experts adopted place-based as controllers to solve the deadlock problems of flexible manufacturing systems whatever the concept of siphons or the reachability graph method are used. Among them, only the reachability graph ones can obtain maximally permissive live states. In this article, the authors try to propose one novel transition-based deadlock prevention concept to solve flexible manufacturing system’s deadlock problem. In addition, two algorithms are developed to support above concept. The experimental results indicate that the proposed policy not only can obtain maximally permissive controllers but also recover all original deadlock markings.