Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Very-Short-Term Load Forecast for Individual Household Based on Behavior Pattern Induction

Electricity demand (load) forecasting has been recognizing as the key issue for achieving economic, reliable, and secure power system operation and planning. In the existing studies, two indentations are found in application level and methodology level, respectively. In the application level, the load forecasting for individual household is few. Most applications focus on large spatial region. In the methodology level, the importance of user daily schedule pattern is ignored in the development of load forecasting methods. In this study, a novel approach to model the load of individual household based on context information and daily schedule patterns is proposed. The daily schedule pattern types are induced from daily electricity consumption behaviors, and context features from several sources are collected and used to establish a rule set for classifying a given day into a specific behavior pattern type. Also, an electricity consumption volume prediction model is built for each behavior pattern type to predict the load of specific time point with in a day. A household very-short-term load forecasting problem which comes from Taiwan is implemented in this study. The results show that the proposed approach can get a better accuracy than other methods.
Man or Machine? Comparison of the Effect of Tutor-Guided versus Simulator-Guided Short-Time Bronchoscopy Training on Navigational Skills and Knowledge of the Tracheobronchial Anatomy

Background: Simulation based medical education is efficient for the acquisition of flexible bronchoscopy navigational skills and the knowledge of the tracheobronchial anatomy. However, bronchoscopy simulator training is not routinely integrated into pneumologic fellowship programs or undergraduate medical education for time and/or cost reasons. Our study compares the effect of self-guided bronchoscopy simulator training versus tutor guided training on the acquisition of navigational skills and knowledge of the bronchial anatomy. Methods: 3rd -year undergraduate medical students were randomized to either a tutor- or simulator guided bronchoscopy simulator training focusing on the acquisition of navigational skills and the knowledge of the tracheobronchial anatomy. Every student performed a baseline bronchoscopy followed by a structured bronchoscopy simulator training and finally an assessment bronchoscopy at the end of the training program. Groups were compared by means of a repeated measurement ANOVA and effect sizes calculated as Cohens’ d. Results: 54 eligible students participated in the study. Knowledge of the tracheobronchial anatomy significantly increased from pre- to post training (all p < 0.001; all d > 2), navigational skills significantly decreased (all p < 0.005; all d < 1). There were no significant differences between groups. Conclusion: Short-time simulator guided bronchoscopy training improves knowledge of the tracheobronchial anatomy in novice bronchoscopists as much as tutor guided training, but navigational skills seem to worsen in both groups. Further studies assessing transfer to clinical practice are needed to find the optimal teaching method for basic flexible bronchoscopy.
ULINO: Optimally balancing U-shaped JIT assembly lines

Traditionally, assembly lines are arranged in a straight line. The design of such a line requires tasks to be grouped into stations such that the line efficiency is maximized. This problem is known as the assembly line balancing problem. However, as a consequence of introducing the just-in-time production principle, it has been recognized that arranging the stations in a U-line has several advantages over the traditional configuration. For solving different versions of the U-line assembly line balancing problem, we propose the branch and bound procedure ULINO which is applied directly and in the framework of search methods. Experimental results indicate that these procedures perform well and that the U-line configuration frequently improves the line efficiency compared to traditional lines.
Space Vector Modulation Controlled Single Phase Five Level Inverter for Fuel Cell Applications

In low power system a single phase converter is usually adopted. This paper deals with five-level Converter topology with SPWM technique. A review of the state of the art of five-level topologies and theoretical power loss comparison with proposed solution is realized. The main characteristics of these modulations are reduced, switching losses, balanced power loss dissipation among the devices with in a cell and among the series connected cells. A Neutral point Clamped type of Multilevel Inverter is more efficient . The proposed converter architecture is based on Single-Phase five-level system for Fuel cell with Polymer Exchange type. In this system, Space Vector Modulation (SVM) technique is used. Simulation and Experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed solution.
That ‘Internet of Things’ Thing

Jun 22, 2009—I could be wrong, but I'm fairly sure the phrase "Internet of Things" started life as the title of a presentation I made at Procter & Gamble (P&G) in 1999. Linking the new idea of RFID in P&G's supply chain to the then-red-hot topic of the Internet was more than just a good way to get executive attention. It summed up an important insight—one that 10 years later, after the Internet of Things has become the title of everything from an article in Scientific American to the name of a European Union conference, is still often misunderstood.
A CMOS voltage buffer with slew-rate enhancement

A high slew-rate CMOS voltage buffer has been presented in this article. The slew-rate enhancement is achieved by an embedded driver stage activated by internal nodes in the voltage buffer through capacitive coupling. The capacitive coupling provides one-shot auto-off feature for the driver stage. Therefore, the drive stage can be turned off automatically after activation. The auto-off feature of the proposed driver stage guarantees a reliable operation. The proposed voltage buffer is implemented in a commercial 0.35-μm CMOS technology. The active chip area is 345 μm × 246 μm. The single supply voltage is 3.3 V, and the quiescent current is about 7 μA. When the proposed buffer drives a capacitive load of 220 pF, the measured positive and negative slew rates are 0.714 and 1.548 V/μs, respectively. The improvement corresponds to about 22 times for the positive slew rate and 48 times for the negative slew rate when comparing with the voltage buffer without the proposed the slew-rate enhancement circuit.
A decision support framework for large scale emergency response

Coordination is often cited as one of the principal problems in large scale emergency response. By representing the problem mathematically, a decision support framework capable of viewing the ‘big picture’ in emergency response, and processing it effectively and efficiently, has been developed. This will result in a provision of high quality suggestions for coordinated response operations, which can be called upon during the decision-making process. In order to ensure the framework is relevant and applicable, significant modeling challenges must be overcome to translate a highly uncertain environment incorporating a complex network of interdependencies into a rigorous mathematical formulation.
A principle based system architecture framework applied for defining, modeling & designing next generation smart grid systems

A strong and growing desire exists, throughout society, to consume electricity from clean and renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind, biomass, geothermal, and others. Due to the intermittent and variable nature of electricity from these sources, our current electricity grid is incapable of collecting, transmitting, and distributing this energy effectively. The "Smart Grid" is a term which has come to represent this 'next generation' grid, capable of delivering, not only environmental benefits, but also key economic, reliability and energy security benefits as well. Due to the high complexity of the electricity grid, a principle based System Architecture framework is presented as a tool for analyzing, defining, and outlining potential pathways for infrastructure transformation. Through applying this framework to the Smart Grid, beneficiaries and stakeholders are identified, upstream and downstream influences on design are analyzed, and a succinct outline of benefits and functions is produced. The first phase of grid transformation is establishing a robust communications and measurement network. This network will enable customer participation and increase energy efficiency through smart metering, real time pricing, and demand response programs. As penetration of renewables increases, the high variability and uncontrollability of additional energy sources will cause significant operation and control challenges. To mitigate this variability reserve margins will be adjusted and grid scale energy storage (such as compressed air, flow batteries, and plugin hybrid electric vehicles or PHEV's) will begin to be introduced. Achieving over 15% renewable energy penetration marks the second phase of transformation. The third phase is enabling mass adoption, whereby over 40% of our energy will come from renewable sources. This level of penetration will only be achieved through fast supply and demand balancing controls and large scale storage. Robust modeling must be developed to test various portfolio configurations. Thesis Supervisor: Stephen Connors Director, Analysis Group for Regional Energy Alternatives
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF EXHAUST MUFFLERS: RECENT DEVELOPMENTS

THE PRESENT PRACTICE OF DESIGN OF REACTIVE MUFFLERS FOR FOUR-STROKE CYCLE ENGINES IS PARTLY THEORETICAL AND LARGELY EMPIRICAL, INVOLVING PROLONGED AND COSTLY EXPERIMENTATION. THE APPARENT REASON FOR THIS IS THE LACK OF A RATIONAL, SYNTHETIC APPROACH TO DESIGN, IN THE EXISTING TECHNICAL LITERATURE. THE ANALYTIC APPROACH TO MUFFLER DESIGN CAN BE TO THINK UPON A CONFIGURATION TAKING HINTS FROM THE EXISTING DESIGN CURVES AND ANALYZE THE SAME WITH THE ACTUAL IMPEDANCE OF THE PARTICULAR EXHAUST SYSTEM BY MEANS OF THE CLASSICAL METHOD OR THE TRANSFER MATRIX METHOD. THE SYNTHETIC APPROACH WOULD CALL FOR A METHOD OF ANALYSIS WHICH WOULD READILY BRING OUT THE RELATIVE PERFORMANCE OF THE CONSTITUENT ELEMENTS AND THE EFFECT OF A PARTICULAR ALTERATION ON THE ATTENUATION CURVE.
Toward a Visual Flow Integrated Display Format to Combat Pilot Spatial Disorientation

Aiming to ascertain basic display guidelines for improved support of pilot spatial orientation (SO), the visual resonance with the perceptual mechanism for SO was explored in 2 experiments. Postural responses indicated the efficiency of visual cues to control proprioception and equilibrium sense. A display design is suggested that integrates the results with the concepts for an operational head-up display symbology. By means of improved perception of integrated pitch, roll, and yaw information and resonance of synthetic visual flow with the SO mechanism, the design may in the future contribute to combatting pilot spatial disorientation.
Two Papers on RAIDs

A RAID is a Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disk, a new way to organize small format disk devices to drastically increase I/O bandwidth. In this technical report, we describe the RAID concept, the basic RAID levels, a more detailed analysis of RAID performance on reliability, and our initial prototyping plans.
Technical Efficiency in the Iron and Steel Industry: A Stochastic Frontier Approach

In this paper we examine the technical efficiency of firms in the iron and steel industry and try to identify the factors contributing to the industry's efficiency growth, using a time-varying stochastic frontier model. Based on our findings, which pertain to 52 iron and steel firms over the period of 1978-1997, POSCO and Nippon Steel were the most efficient firms, with their production, on average, exceeding 95 percent of their potential output. Our findings also shed light on possible sources of efficiency growth in the industry. If a firm is government-owned, its privatization is likely to improve its technical efficiency to a great extent. A firm's technical efficiency also tends to be positively related to its production level as measured by a share of the total world production of crude steel. Another important source of efficiency growth identified by our empirical findings is adoption of new technologies and equipment. Our findings clearly indicate that continued efforts to update technologies and equipment are critical in pursuit of efficiency in the iron and steel industry.
Self Cascode: A Promising Low Voltage Analog Design Technique

Abstract Two current mirror (CM) structures incorporating the self cascode (SC) technique for low voltage (LV) analog and mixed mode circuits are proposed. One CM is implemented by 4 MOSFETs, has output resistance of 0.3 M? and bandwidth of 1.2 GHz, while the other requires 8 MOSFETs, has output resistance of 15 M? and bandwidth of 1.1 GHz. Both can operate at ± 0.5 V. P-Spice simulations confirm the high performance of these CMs in comparison with the conventional and regulated structures. A small part of this paper is similar to the one that appeared in WASET-Vienna, Aug 13-15, 2008, Conference Proceedings
Algoritma Naive Bayes untuk Mencari Perkiraan Waktu Studi Mahasiswa

Lama studi dari mahasiswa ini sangatlah penting bagi mahasiswa, program studi serta perguruan tinggi. Permasalahan lama studi setiap mahasiswa bisa disebabkan atau dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor. Hal tersebut telah dibuktikan dengan beberapa penelitian pada permasalahan tersebut yang mendapati sejumlah faktor yang berpengatuh terhadap lama studi mahasiswa. Dengan menggunakan teknik data mining khususnya klasifikasi untuk prediksi dengan algoritma naive bayes dapat dilakukan prediksi terhadap ketepatan waktu studi dari mahasiswa berdasarkan data training yang ada. Data training dan testing yang digunakan diambil secara random pada tabel data master yang digunakan. Algoritma naive bayes, menghitung perbandingan peluang antara jumlah dari masing-masng kriteria nilai fields terhadap nilai hasil prediksi sesunggunya. Fungsi untuk prediksi dibuat menggunakan Query pada MySql dalam bentuk function(fbayesian). Dari hasil uji coba diperoleh tingkat kesalahan prediksi berkisar 20% sampai dengan 50% dengan data training dan testing yang diambil secara random. Namun rata-rata tingkat kesalahan berkisar 20 % hingga 34%. Tinggi rendahnya tingkat kesalahan dapat disebabkan oleh jumlah record data dan tingkat konsistensi dari data training yang dgunakan. Sedangkan hasil prediksi dari ketepatan lama studi dari mahasiswa angkatan 2008 adalah sebesar 254 mahasiswa diprediksi ”Tepat Waktu” dan sisanya yaitu 4 orang diprediksi ”Tidak Tepat Waktu”. Kata Kunci : Prediksi, Lama Studi, Data Mining, Naive bayes, MySql
Combined Heat and Power Economic Dispatch: A Direct Solution

This article presents a new algorithm for the solution of the combined heat and power economic dispatch problem, encountered in systems having simple cycle co-generation units with quadratic cost functions. An explicit formula is developed for computing the system-wide incremental costs corresponding to the optimal dispatch. The novelty of the proposed dispatch procedure is that it avoids the use of iterative search schemes for this crucial step. The method is illustrated using the test cases taken from the literature as well as some new ones.
Bound in Hatred: The role of group-based morality in acts of hate

Acts of hate have been used to silence, terrorize, and erase marginalized social groups throughout history. The rising rates of these behaviors in recent years underscores the importance of developing a better understanding of when, why, and where they occur. In this work, we present a program of research that suggests that acts of hate may often be best understood not just as responses to threat, but also as morally motivated behaviors grounded in people’s moral values and perceptions of moral violations. As evidence for this claim, we present findings from five studies that rely on a combination of natural language processing, spatial modeling, and experimental methods to investigate the relationship between moral values and acts of hate toward marginalized groups. Across these studies, we find consistent evidence that moral values oriented around ingroup preservation are disproportionately evoked in hate speech, predictive of the county-level prevalence of hate groups, and associated with the belief that acts of hate against marginalized groups are justified. Additional analyses suggest that the association between group-oriented moral values and hate acts against marginalized groups can be partly explained by the belief that these groups have done something morally wrong. By accounting for the role of moralization in acts of hate, this work provides a unified framework for understanding hateful behaviors and the events or dynamics that trigger them.
Evaluation of the Cementation Index as a Predictor of Failure in Coonrad-Morrey Total Elbow Arthroplasty

Background. The aim of this study is to objectively evaluate the quality of cementation by a novel method called the cementation index and assess its utility as a predictor of failure. Materials and Methods. Fifty elbows with primary Coonrad-Morrey total elbow replacement were included. The quality of cementing was assessed by novel methods, the vertical and horizontal cementation index, which were statistically evaluated as predictors of failure. The mean period of followup was years (range: from 5.08 to 10.25 years). Results. The mean vertical cementation index of the humerus (vCIH) was 1.22 ± 0.28 and that of the ulna (vCIU) was . Radiolucent zones were noted in two cases in the humerus with a horizontal cementation index of 0.21 and 0.14, respectively. Both of the cementation indices were not found to be statistically significant predictors of failure (). The five-year survival rate was 94%. Discussion and Conclusion. The cementation index, being a ratio, reduces the confounding effect of taking radiographs in different positions of the limb with different magnification in followup radiographs. It is an easy and objective method of assessment of cementation, the results of which need to be validated by a larger study.
Long-Term Characterization of 6H-SiC Transistor Integrated Circuit Technology Operating at 500 C

NASA has been developing very high temperature semiconductor integrated circuits for use in the hot sections of aircraft engines and for Venus exploration. This paper reports on long-term 500 °C electrical operation of prototype 6H-SiC integrated circuits based on epitaxial 6H-SiC junction field effect transistors (JFETs). As of this writing, some devices have surpassed 4000 hours of continuous 500 °C electrical operation in oxidizing air atmosphere with minimal change in relevant electrical parameters.
Genetic Programming to Investigate Design Parameters Contributing to Crash Occurrence on Urban Arterials

Nonlinear models were developed to estimate crash frequency on urban arterials with partial access control. These multilane arterials consist of midblock segments joined by signalized and unsignalized intersections (or access points). Crashes included in the analysis are of three major types: rear-end, angle, and head-on. Each crash type is further sorted into mutually exclusive categories on the basis of the roadway element responsible for the crashes: midblock segment, signalized intersection, and access point. Genetic programming (GP) is adopted for predicting crash frequency. GP, which is primarily based on genetic algorithms, uses the concept of evolution to develop models through the processes of crossover and mutation. The GP modeling approach gives independence for model development without restrictions on distribution of data. The models developed were compared to the basic negative binomial models. Morning and afternoon peak periods are observed to have fewer occurrences of rear-end crashes at all roadway elements. Higher traffic volume results in an increased number of angle crashes. Instances of angle crashes have increased at signalized intersections, even at lower maximum posted speeds. A higher average truck factor increases the instances of head-on crashes on midblock segments and at signalized intersections.
A Novel and Compact Bandstop Filter with Folded Microstrip/CPW Hybrid Structure

A novel and compact circuit configuration for narrowband bandstop filter (BSF) is proposed. The distinct filtering characteristics of this new type of transmission line filter are investigated theoretically and experimentally. The presented filter consists of hybrid microstrip/coplanar waveguide (CPW) transmission-line units with a pair of uniformly shunt microstrip stubs. At the bottom of substrate material, two identical CPW short-circuited resonators and an open-circuited CPW resonator are broadside-coupled to the top microstrip main transmission lines, respectively. To reduce the size of the filter, the folded microstrip/CPW composite elements and parallel stubs have been applied to layout. A demonstrator with approximately 16.7% fractional bandwidth at a mid-stopband frequency of 6 GHz is developed and presented. The proposed filter is successfully realized in theory and verified by full-wave electromagnetic simulation and experiment. Simulated and measured results are in excellent agreement.
Improved sensorless control of a permanent magnet machine using fundamental pulse width modulation excitation

A new method to estimate the rotor position of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drives over a wide speed range, including zero frequency is introduced. The method measures the motor current derivative in response to the standard pulse width modulation (PWM) sequence to estimate rotor position. No additional signal injection or separate test vectors are required although modification is needed when narrow PWM voltage vectors occur. Three compensation techniques are proposed to improve the quality of the position estimation and reduce current distortion when narrow vectors are used for position estimation. Experimental results for sensorless speed and position control of a 4 kW PMSM verify the effectiveness of the proposed techniques.
Cramer-Rao Bound for Parameter Estimation in Bistatic MIMO Radar

The problem of Cramér-Rao bound for parameter estimation in wideband bistatic Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) radar system is considered. In many applications, it is not appropriate to approximate the wideband signal by the narrowband model. In this paper, we propose a new wideband signal model to accurately estimate parameter for wideband signals from a moving target. The Cramér-Rao bound for target parameter estimation is derived and computed in closed form which shows that the optimal performance is achieved. Target location and parameter estimation performances are evaluated and studied theoretically and via simulations.
Study on Maximum Power Tracing Controller Based on Self-Adaptive Strategy for Variable Speed Constant Frequency Brushless Doubly-Fed Generator

The key technology of variablespeed constantfrequency (VSCF) brushless doubly-fed generator (BDFG) was getting the maximum power under the variable wind speed by adjusting the rotor speed of the induction generator according. Wind turbine systems had many uncertain factors with strong nonlinear multivariable with and disturbances. Based on the prototype of wind electricity conversion system (WECS), a new maximum power point tracking control which is realized by self-adaptive controller strategy for variable speed constant frequency wind generation system has been developed in this paper. A experiment platform of a 8kW laboratory variable speed constant frequency wind generation system controlled by TMS320LF2812 and TMS320VC33 was developed. Experimental results show that the system can operate at the expected points in the wide range of wind velocities and realize the control of maximum power point tracking very well.