Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Drought tolerant wheat IND-ØØ412-7 is nutritionally equivalent to its Non-Transgenic Comparator

ABSTRACT Expression of the HAHB4 sunflower transcription factor confers drought tolerance to wheat event IND-ØØ412-7 (HB4® wheat). After confirming the compositional equivalence of event IND-ØØ412-7 with conventional wheat, its nutritional similarity to its non-genetically modified (GM) counterpart was analyzed by performing a 42-day broiler feeding study. Isoenergetic diets containing 40% flour from wheat event IND-ØØ412-7, its non-GM counterpart Cadenza, and a commercial variety were included in the study. Broilers’ performance was analyzed by measuring feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion, and time to reach 2.8 kgs. The yield was evaluated by carcass weight, breast meat, and abdominal fat. No differences were found between wheat event IND-ØØ412-7 and the non-GM counterpart. A few significant differences were found with the commercial variety which were associated with the genetic background, different from the other two materials. These results support the nutritional equivalence of event IND-ØØ412-7 with conventional wheat.
A biopsychosocial examination of chronic back pain, limitations on usual activities, and treatment in Brazil, 2019

Background Chronic back pain is prevalent in Brazil, leading to enormous healthcare costs and social burdens. It also disproportionately affects low-income and less-healthy people. Objectives This study examines the associations of chronic back pain with biological, psychological, and social factors; how it limits usual activities; and how chronic back pain influences the use of treatment services. Methods Using Brazil’s National Health Survey (PNS-2019), multivariate logistic regressions were conducted to examine how biological, psychological, and social factors correlate with chronic back pain, limitations on usual activities, and pain treatment. Results PNS-2019 data showed that 23.4% (95% CI 22.8–24.0) of Brazilian adults aged over 20 reported back pain. A higher prevalence of chronic back pain was associated with biological factors (older age, being female, overweight or obese, current smoking, and having more chronic conditions), lower social conditions (low education, low per capita household income, non-married, and living in rural areas), and poor psychological health (more depressive symptoms). Chronic back pain is more likely to limit usual activities among those with low social conditions (lower education, lower income), poor physical and behavioral health (obese, current smokers, and those with a greater number of chronic conditions), and worse psychological health (more depressive symptoms). However, married people and those who do not consume alcohol were also more likely to report limited activities. Among those with back pain, 68% received at least one form of treatment. Those with intense limitations on their usual activities were 2.2 times as likely to report treatment. People with higher social conditions (higher income, college education, and private health insurance) were more likely to receive treatment. Conclusion The results show significant biological, psychological, and social disparities in the prevalence of chronic back pain in Brazil. The findings point to the need for tailored policies and prevention programs with attention to vulnerable groups. Even though Brazil has universal health care, those with better socioeconomic conditions are more likely to receive treatment.
Comparison of the soleus and plantaris muscles in humans and other primates: Macroscopic neuromuscular anatomy and evolutionary significance

In humans, the soleus is more developed compared to other primates and has a unique architecture composed of anterior bipennate and posterior unipennate parts, which are innervated by different nerve branches. The anterior part of the human soleus was proposed to be important for bipedalism, however, the phylogenetic process resulting in its acquisition remains unclear. Providing insights into this process, the anterior part of the soleus was suggested to be closely related to the plantaris based on the branching pattern of their nerve fascicles. To reveal the phylogeny of the soleus and plantaris in primates, the innervation patterns of the posterior crural muscles were compared among a wide range of species. From their branching pattern, posterior crural muscles could be classified into superficial and deep muscle groups. The anterior part of the soleus and plantaris both belonged to the deep muscle group. In all the examined specimens of ring‐tailed lemurs and chimpanzees, as well as in one out of two specimens of siamang, the nerve branches corresponding to those innervating the anterior part of the human soleus were found. The muscular branches innervating the anterior part of the soleus and plantaris formed a common trunk or were connected in all the specimens. These results indicate that the anterior part of the soleus is closely related to the plantaris across different species of primates. In turn, this suggests that the anterior part of the soleus is maintained among primates, and especially in humans, where it develops as the characteristic bipennate structure.
Structural landscapes of PPI interfaces

Abstract Proteins are capable of highly specific interactions and are responsible for a wide range of functions, making them attractive in the pursuit of new therapeutic options. Previous studies focusing on overall geometry of protein–protein interfaces, however, concluded that PPI interfaces were generally flat. More recently, this idea has been challenged by their structural and thermodynamic characterisation, suggesting the existence of concave binding sites that are closer in character to traditional small-molecule binding sites, rather than exhibiting complete flatness. Here, we present a large-scale analysis of binding geometry and physicochemical properties of all protein–protein interfaces available in the Protein Data Bank. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the protein–protein interface landscape, including evidence that even for overall larger, more flat interfaces that utilize discontinuous interacting regions, small and potentially druggable pockets are utilized at binding sites.
Threats to electronic records in Malaysian government organizations

This paper aims to study the types of threats to electronic records in Malaysian government organizations. This paper is based on a review of literature on a variety of sources that are relevant to the scope of the study. The findings show that there are several threats to electronic records at Malaysian government organizations. Finally, this paper recommends several techniques to protect the records.
Cancer in the Faroe Islands from 1960-2019 – incidence, mortality, and comparisons with the other Nordic countries

Abstract Purpose: In this paper, we present age-standardized cancer incidence and mortality rates in the Faroe Islands. We also compare with the Nordic rates and show incidence rate ratios (IRR) and mortality rate ratios (MRR). Materials and methods: The Faroese cancer registry (FCR) was established in 1994, with incidence available from 1960 and mortality from 1983. The FCR is a part of the NORDCAN collaboration, where the different Nordic countries all report anonymized cancer data by standardized methods, ensuring comparability. Validation efforts revealed that 13% of cases had not been reported to the FCR from 2006 to 2019, emphasizing the need for continued validation efforts of cancer registries. After validation, we submitted the updated cancer cases to NORDCAN and now present this data, taken directly from the NORDCAN website (2019 data). Results: We found that the incidence of the summary group all cancers in the Faroe Islands increased from 1960 to 2019, while cancer mortality decreased from 1983 to 2019. Comparisons with Nordic rates showed significantly lower IRRs for cancer in all cancers, bladder and urinary tract, and skin cancer for both sexes, while IRR was lower for breast cancer in women and prostate cancer in men. Contrary, IRR was higher for rectum and kidney cancer in women and esophagus and testicular cancer in men. There was an increased MRR for cancer in female organs, bladder and urinary tract, and kidney cancer in women, and esophagus and pancreas cancer in men. In contrast, malignant hematopoietic diseases and melanoma in women had a lower MRR. Conclusions: Cancer incidence in the Faroe Islands was lower than in the other Nordic countries. Of particular interest, the incidence of testicular cancer saw a steep increase during the last 20 years, and an investigation into possible causes for this is needed.
Pulmonary toxicity in driver gene positive non-small cell lung cancer therapy

Abstract Molecular targeted therapy significantly improved the therapeutic efficacy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with driver gene mutations but also with new toxicity profiles. Although most patients treated with these drugs developed relatively controllable toxicity, significant pulmonary toxicity events, including interstitial lung disease, occurred in a small proportion of patients and can lead to discontinuation or even be life-threatening. Pulmonary toxicity associated with these anti-tumor drugs is a problem that cannot be ignored in clinical practice. The prompt diagnosis of drug-related lung injury and the consequent differential diagnosis with other forms of pulmonary disease are critical in the management of pulmonary toxicity. Current knowledge of the pathophysiology and management of pulmonary toxicity associated with these targeted drugs is limited, and participants should be able to identify and respond to the development of drug-induced pulmonary toxicity. This review offers information about the potential pathogenesis, risk factors and management for the development of these events based on the available literature. This review focused on pulmonary toxicities in driver gene-positive NSCLC therapy by describing the related adverse events to promote the awareness and management of this important toxicity related to antitumor-targeted therapy.
Human Papillomavirus Integration Strictly Correlates with Global Genome Instability in Head and Neck Cancer

Abstract Human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive head and neck cancers, predominantly oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC), exhibit epidemiologic, clinical, and molecular characteristics distinct from those OPSCCs lacking HPV. We applied a combination of whole-genome sequencing and optical genome mapping to interrogate the genome structure of HPV-positive OPSCCs. We found that the virus had integrated in the host genome in two thirds of the tumors examined but resided solely extrachromosomally in the other third. Integration of the virus occurred at essentially random sites within the genome. Focal amplification of the virus and the genomic sequences surrounding it often occurred subsequent to integration, with the number of tandem repeats in the chromosome accounting for the increased copy number of the genome sequences flanking the site of integration. In all cases, viral integration correlated with pervasive genome-wide somatic alterations at sites distinct from that of viral integration and comprised multiple insertions, deletions, translocations, inversions, and point mutations. Few or no somatic mutations were present in tumors with only episomal HPV. Our data could be interpreted by positing that episomal HPV is captured in the host genome following an episode of global genome instability during tumor development. Viral integration correlated with higher grade tumors, which may be explained by the associated extensive mutation of the genome and suggests that HPV integration status may inform prognosis. Implications: Our results indicate that HPV integration in head and neck cancer correlates with extensive pangenomic structural variation, which may have prognostic implications.
Analysis and Mitigation of Temporary Over-Voltage (TOV) Phenomenon in Unintentionally Islanded Grid-Connected Photovoltaic (PV) Inverters

Grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) solar systems, like other inverter-based distributed generators, can cause temporary over-voltages (TOVs), especially subsequent to faults and unintentional islanding incidents, and can damage equipment and customers within the host distribution network. Thus, this thesis aims to study the phenomenon and propose corrective measures for it. Thus, the thesis first presents detailed models for a conventional single-stage PV system and a modified single-stage PV system. The conventional system uses a ∆/YG isolation transformer, whereas the modified system, proposed in the literature, assumes a Y/YG isolation transformer that is effectivelygrounded by an additional half-bridge leg energized by the dc-link of the voltage-sourced inverter (VSI) of the PV system. Moreover, the thesis proposes two TOV mitigation schemes that augment the basic controls of the conventional and modified single-stage PV systems, respectively. Further, the thesis models a two-stage PV system that adopts the same TOV mitigation scheme as that proposed for the conventional single-stage system. Then, the TOV caused by the two-stage system is evaluated, with and without the TOV mitigation scheme. It is shown that the proposed TOV mitigation schemes are effective. The thesis also compares the TOVs caused by the three aforementioned PV systems, with and without the TOV mitigation schemes, and concludes that a twostage PV system without a TOV mitigation scheme produces smaller TOVs than its single-stage counterparts without TOV mitigation schemes. Similarly, a two-stage PV system with its TOV mitigation scheme produces smaller TOVs than its single-stage counterparts with their respective TOV mitigation schemes. The performance of the PV systems and the effectiveness of the TOV limiting schemes are evaluated through timedomain simulation studies conducted in the commercial grade PSCAD/EMTDC software environment.
In silico prediction of chemical aquatic toxicity by multiple machine learning and deep learning approaches

Fish is one of the model animals used to evaluate the adverse effects of a chemical exposed to the ecosystem. However, its low throughput and relevantly high expense make it impossible to test all new chemicals in manufacture. Hence, using in silico models to prioritize compounds to be tested has been widely applied in environmental risk assessment and drug discovery. In this study, we constructed the local predictive models for four fish species, including bluegill sunfish, rainbow trout, fathead minnow, and sheepshead minnow, and the global models with all four fish data. A total of 1874 unique compounds with their labels, that is, toxic (LC50 < 10 ppm) or nontoxic, were collected from ECOTOX and literature. Both conventional machine learning methods and the deep learning architecture, graph convolutional network (GCN), were used to build predictive models. The classification accuracy of the best local model for each fish species was higher than 0.83. For the global models, two strategies including consistency prediction and probability threshold were adopted to improve the predictive capability at the cost of limiting applicability domain. For 63% of compounds in domain, the accuracy was around 0.97. By comparison of the deep learning and machine learning methods, we found that the single‐task GCN showed specific advantages in performance, and multitask GCN showed no advantages over the conventional machine learning methods. The data and models are available on GitHub (https://github.com/ChemPredict/ChemicalAquaticToxicity).
Early intervention with compression garments prevents progression in mild breast cancer-related arm lymphedema: a randomized controlled trial

Abstract Background Early diagnosis and compression treatment are important to prevent progression in breast cancer-related arm lymphedema (BCRAL). However, some mild BCRAL can be reversible, and therefore, compression treatment may not be needed. The aim of this study was to investigate the proportion of women with mild BCRAL showing progression/no progression of lymphedema after treatment with or without compression garments, differences in changes of lymphedema relative volume (LRV), local tissue water and subjective symptoms during 6 months. Also, adherence to self-care was examined. Material and methods Seventy-five women diagnosed with mild BCRAL were randomized to a compression group (CG) or noncompression group (NCG). Both groups received self-care instructions, and the CG were treated with a standard compression garment (ccl 1). Women in the NCG who progressed in LRV ≥2%, or exceeded 10% dropped out, and received appropriate treatment. The proportion showing progression/no progression of LRV, and changes in LRV was measured by Water Displacement Method. Changes in local tissue water were measured by Tissue Dielectric Constant (TDC), subjective symptoms by Visual Analogue Scale, and self-care by a questionnaire. Results A smaller proportion of LRV progression was found in the CG compared to the NCG at 1, 2 and 6 months follow-up (p ≤ 0.013). At 6 months, 16% had progression of LRV in the CG, compared to 57% in the NCG, (p = 0.001). Thus, 43% in the NCG showed no progression and could manage without compression. Also, CG had a larger reduction in LRV, at all time-points (p ≤ 0.005), and in the highest TDC ratio, when same site followed, at 6 months (p = 0.025). Subjective symptoms did not differ between the groups, except at 1 month, where the CG experienced more reduced tension (p = 0.008). There were no differences in adherence to self-care. Conclusion Early treatment with compression garment can prevent progression in mild BCRAL. Trial registration: ISRCT nr ISRCTN51918431
The influence of mussel restoration on coastal carbon cycling

Increasing responsiveness to anthropogenic climate change and the loss of global shellfish ecosystems has heightened interest in the carbon storage and sequestration potential of bivalve‐dominated systems. While coastal ecosystems are dynamic zones of carbon transformation and change, current uncertainties and notable heterogeneity in the benthic environment make it difficult to ascertain the climate change mitigation capacity of ongoing coastal restoration projects aimed at revitalizing benthic bivalve populations. In this study we sought to distinguish between direct and indirect effects of subtidal green‐lipped mussels (Perna canaliculus) on carbon cycling, and combined published literature with in‐situ experiments from restored beds to create a carbon budget for New Zealand's shellfish restoration efforts. A direct summation of biogenic calcification, community respiration, and sediment processes suggests a moderate carbon efflux (+100.1 to 179.6 g C m−2 year−1) occurs as a result of recent restoration efforts, largely reflective of the heterotrophic nature of bivalves. However, an examination of indirect effects of restoration on benthic community metabolism and sediment dynamics suggests that beds achieve greater carbon fixation rates and support enhanced carbon burial compared to nearby sediments devoid of mussels. We discuss limitations to our first‐order approximation and postulate how the significance of mussel restoration to carbon‐related outcomes likely increases over longer timescales. Coastal restoration is often conducted to support the provisioning of many ecosystem services, and we propose here that shellfish restoration not be used as a single measure to offset carbon dioxide emissions, but rather used in tandem with other initiatives to recover a bundle of valued ecosystem services.
A Tunable Dual-band Bandpass Filter with Two Independently Tunable Passbands

In this paper, a novel tunable dual-band bandpass fllter is proposed. Based on two quarter-wavelength resonators and one half-wavelength resonator, dual-band character is designed by introducing two independent coupling paths. Therefore, the whole fllter structure can be divided into two parts and designed respectively. The Transmission Zeros (TZs) are derived through simulation. By varying the reverse bias voltage applied to the varactor diodes connected to the resonators, each passband can be tuned independently. Finally, the simulation results of the dual-band tunable fllter shows a flrst tunable passband constant fractional-bandwidth range of 4:35§0:35%, a center frequency of 1.25{1.75GHz, a insertion loss of 4.25{2.16dB, and a second passband absolute-bandwith of 80§5MHz, a center frequency of 1.83{2.27GHz, a insertion loss of 2.75{1.97dB.
Battery Cell Balancing Optimisation for Battery Management System

Battery cell balancing in every electrical component such as home electronic equipment and electric vehicle is very important to extend battery run time which is simplified known as battery life. The underlying solution to equalize the balance of cell voltage and SOC between the cells when they are in complete charge. In order to control and extend the battery life, the battery cell balancing is design and manipulated in such way as well as shorten the charging process. Active and passive cell balancing strategies as a unique hallmark enables the balancing of the battery with the excellent performances configuration so that the charging process will be faster. The experimental and simulation covers an analysis of how fast the battery can balance for certain time. The simulation based analysis is conducted to certify the use of optimisation in active or passive cell balancing to extend battery life for long periods of time.
leT APPROPRIATION BY SMALL BUSINESSES An interplay between home and work

The paper explores the specificity of appropriation, i.e. adoption and usage, of information and communication technology (1Cf) by small businesses with less than 10 employees, also denoted as self-employers and micro-enterprises (SEMEs). Starting from an interpretative viewpoint we design a functional classification of ICf based on 'transaction-oriented' and 'knowledge-oriented' use. The internal and external factors that could enable and constrain these uses are highlighted. To illustrate this approach we explore the appropriation of Internet services in the case of public accountants in Flanders (Belgium). Our goal is to indicate how technological and economic aspects of ICf appropriation are socially embedded.