Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hericium erinaceus Extract Exerts Beneficial Effects on Gut–Neuroinflammaging–Cognitive Axis in Elderly Mice

Simple Summary The gut microbiome is a complex and unendingly changing community of bacteria that lives inside animals, including humans. Emerging evidence has proved that gut microbiome composition is associated with several human health outcomes, which include cognitive performance. However, few epidemiological studies exist, and research in this field is still ongoing and developing. The current article suggests that oral consumption of an edible medicinal mushroom named H. erinaceus promotes the growth of beneficial gut bacteria, parallelly reducing pathogen bacteria, therefore revealing its prebiotic effect. Additionally, this oral supplementation had a positive impact on cognitive function, also leading to a decrease in inflammation in the hippocampus, a brain area crucially involved in memory formation and consolidation. Overall, these findings support the notion that changing the gut microbiome composition through nutrition modulation could trigger longevity-promoting effects, protecting from age-related cognitive decline. Abstract Ageing is a biological phenomenon that determines the impairment of cognitive performances, in particular, affecting memory. Inflammation and cellular senescence are known to be involved in the pathogenesis of cognitive decline. The gut microbiota–brain axis could exert a critical role in influencing brain homeostasis during ageing, modulating neuroinflammation, and possibly leading to inflammaging. Due to their anti-ageing properties, medicinal mushrooms can be utilised as a resource for developing pharmaceuticals and functional foods. Specifically, Hericium erinaceus (He), thanks to its bioactive metabolites, exerts numerous healthy beneficial effects, such as reinforcing the immune system, counteracting ageing, and improving cognitive performance. Our previous works demonstrated the capabilities of two months of He1 standardised extract oral supplementation in preventing cognitive decline in elderly frail mice. Herein, we showed that this treatment did not change the overall gut microbiome composition but significantly modified the relative abundance of genera specifically involved in cognition and inflammation. Parallelly, a significant decrease in crucial markers of inflammation and cellular senescence, i.e., CD45, GFAP, IL6, p62, and γH2AX, was demonstrated in the dentate gyrus and Cornus Ammonis hippocampal areas through immunohistochemical experiments. In summary, we suggested beneficial and anti-inflammatory properties of He1 in mouse hippocampus through the gut microbiome–brain axis modulation.
Corporate Strategies and Financial Performance among Foreign Commercial Banks in Bujumbura, Burundi

This study investigated the relationship between corporate strategies and financial performance among foreign commercial banks in Burundi. The study used cross-sectional descriptive research design using a quantitative approach. The target population was 219 employees including technical staff and management. A sample size of 142 respondents was determined and simple random sampling was used to select the respondents. The questionnaire was used as the main data collection instrument and data was analyzed using linear and multiple regression analysis. The study revealed that corporate strategy significantly affects the financial performance of foreign commercial banks in Bujumbura (Adjusted R2=0.281, p=0.000). In addition, it was found that competitive strategy significantly affects the financial performance of foreign commercial banks in Bujumbura (Adjusted R2=0.147, p=0.000). Similarly, the study revealed that operational strategy significantly affects the financial performance of foreign commercial banks in Bujumbura (Adjusted R2=0.229, p=0.000). The study concluded that corporate strategies significantly affect financial performance. The study made the following recommendations: management of foreign commercial banks should employ the use of a total quality management system, should make use of a customer relationship management system, should employ advanced and constant methods of market research, and continuously develop new processes of delivering quality services to their customers.
Profile of multidrug-resistant bacteria causing urinary tract infections in inpatients and outpatients in Jakarta and Tangerang

Background Urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by bacteria occupy the second highest rank of common infectious diseases in the world. Empirical use of antibiotics may give rise to multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria because of irrational prescription. Choice of antibiotics to treat UTIs is limited because of MDR bacteria. Thus, this study was conducted to investigate the bacterial antibiotic susceptibility patterns in inpatients and outpatients in Jakarta and Tangerang. Methods Bacterial isolates were obtained from midstream urine specimens from 43 inpatients and 43 outpatients with UTIs in Jakarta and Tangerang. Bacteria were isolated on blood and MacConkey agar media using colony count method. Isolate identification and their susceptibility patterns were performed using VITEK2 compact system according to manufacturers’ instructions. Data were analyzed using Chi-square test. Results A total of 89 bacterial isolates consisting of 15 bacterial species were successfully isolated from 86 specimens. Gram-negative bacteria were the most common etiology of UTIs in inpatients and outpatients. MDR bacteria were found in 52 of the 89 isolates. ESBL-producing E. coli was the most common MDR bacteria. ESBL-producing E. coli and other MDR bacteria showed good susceptibility to ertapenem, meropenem, amikacin, and tigecycline. There were no significant differences regarding the MDR bacterial count in inpatients and outpatients (p=0.521). Conclusion E. coli was found to be the most common MDR bacteria causing UTIs in inpatients and outpatients in Jakarta and Tangerang. Higher resistance to many antibiotics was found in MDR bacterial isolates in inpatients compared to outpatients. MDR bacteria in outpatient UTIs were highly resistant to commonly used antibiotics.
Android Ransomware Detection Using Supervised Machine Learning Techniques Based on Traffic Analysis

In today’s digitalized era, the usage of Android devices is being extensively witnessed in various sectors. Cybercriminals inevitably adapt to new security technologies and utilize these platforms to exploit vulnerabilities for nefarious purposes, such as stealing users’ sensitive and personal data. This may result in financial losses, discredit, ransomware, or the spreading of infectious malware and other catastrophic cyber-attacks. Due to the fact that ransomware encrypts user data and requests a ransom payment in exchange for the decryption key, it is one of the most devastating types of malicious software. The implications of ransomware attacks can range from a loss of essential data to a disruption of business operations and significant monetary damage. Artificial intelligence (AI)-based techniques, namely machine learning (ML), have proven to be notable in the detection of Android ransomware attacks. However, ensemble models and deep learning (DL) models have not been sufficiently explored. Therefore, in this study, we utilized ML- and DL-based techniques to build efficient, precise, and robust models for binary classification. A publicly available dataset from Kaggle consisting of 392,035 records with benign traffic and 10 different types of Android ransomware attacks was used to train and test the models. Two experiments were carried out. In experiment 1, all the features of the dataset were used. In experiment 2, only the best 19 features were used. The deployed models included a decision tree (DT), support vector machine (SVM), k-nearest neighbor (KNN), ensemble of (DT, SVM, and KNN), feedforward neural network (FNN), and tabular attention network (TabNet). Overall, the experiments yielded excellent results. DT outperformed the others, with an accuracy of 97.24%, precision of 98.50%, and F1-score of 98.45%. Whereas, in terms of the highest recall, SVM achieved 100%. The acquired results were thoroughly discussed, in addition to addressing limitations and exploring potential directions for future work.
Cenozoic Planktonic Foraminifera and Biostratigraphy, Arabian Sea Deep Sea Drilling Project, Leg 23A

Recent reconstructions of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic spreading history of the Indian Ocean (McKenzie and Sclater, 1971) have provided a hypothetical framework within which geostructural and faunal events may be examined. Drilling during DSDP Leg 23A (March-April, 1972) was conducted with the aim, not only of determining the sedimentary and biostratigraphic history of selected regions in the Arabian Sea, but of comparing the ages determined for igneous basement with the predictions of McKenzie and Sclater's model. The degree of corroboration and the implications of observed sea-floor ages for the geotectonic interpretation of Indian Ocean history are discussed elsewhere in this volume. Sediments were recovered from seven holes at six sites (219 through 224) in the Arabian Sea. Location and recovery data are presented below (Figure 1, Table 1). In terms of their objectives, and to a lesser extent their geographic positions, the sites may be divided into three groups. Sites 219 and 220 are associated with the ChagosLaccadive Ridge, a north-south-trending structure extending southward from the eastern margin of the Arabian Sea. The former is located near the crest of the ridge, in a relatively deep gap between shoal areas represented geographically by the Laccadive and Maldive Island groups. Prior to the drilling of Site 219, coral rock and related debris represented the only sedimentary rock recovered from this ridge. As a result, its Tertiary sedimentary history was unknown, as well as the nature of the underlying basement. Site 220 is situated slightly to the southwest, in deeper water along the western flank of the ChagosLaccadive Ridge within a quiet magnetic zone (McKenzie and Sclater, 1971). It was anticipated that igneous basement at this location would be no older than 38 m.y. (Late Eocene). The primary objectives of drilling at Site 220 included the sampling of this basement and the age determination of a shallow unconformity observed in seismic records. The extensive sedimentary sequences at these sites contained the only abundant and well-preserved planktonic foraminiferal faunas recovered during Leg 23A.
Country responses to the food security crisis: Nature and preliminary implications of the policies pursued

The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. All rights reserved. Reproduction and dissemination of material in this information product for educational or other non-commercial purposes are authorized without any prior written permission from the copyright holders provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of material in this information product for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without written permission of the copyright holders.
Spatial distribution of aquatic insects

The hutchinsonian realized niche of a species is the most common tool for selecting the actions needed when restoring habitats and establishing conservation areas of species. However, defining the realized niche of a species is problematic due to variation across spatial and temporal scales. In this study we tested the hypothesis that habitat parameters defining the realized niche of a species can be derived from a regional study and that national changes in land use influence the perception of the realized niche across different landscapes. We described the realized habitat niche of the threatened dragonfly Leucorrhinia pectoralis, in four Estonian landscapes which all have undergone more than 20 years of habitat degradations. We recorded the presence/absence of L. pectoralis and measured 7 habitat variables for 140 lakes and ponds located in one restored and three un-restored landscapes. Lake size and proportion of short riparian vegetation were significantly positive parameters determining the presence of L. pectoralis across landscape types. The species was much more habitat specific in the restored landscape, with larger influence of other habitat parameters. Our data suggest that the realized niche of the species in the un-restored landscapes was constrained by the present-day habitats. The study demonstrate that if a species realized niche is derived from local distribution patterns without incorporating landscape history it can lead to an erroneous niche definition. We show that landscape restoration can provide knowledge on a species’ habitat dependencies before habitat degradation has occurred, provided that restoration mitigation reflects the former landscape characteristics.
Vacancy-Driven Stabilization of the Cubic Perovskite Polymorph of CsPbI3

The inorganic halide perovskite CsPbI3 has shown great promise for efficient solar cells, but the instability of its cubic phase remains a major challenge. We present a route for stabilizing the cubic α-phase of CsPbI3 through the control of vacancy defects. Analysis of the ionic chemical potentials is performed within an ab initio thermodynamic formalism, including the effect of solution. It is found that cation vacancies lead to weakening of the interaction between Cs and PbI6 octahedra in CsPbI3, with a decrease in the energy difference between the α- and δ-phases. Under I-rich growth conditions, which can be realized experimentally, we predict that the formation of cation vacancies can be controlled. Other synthetic strategies for cubic-phase stabilization include the growth of nanocrystals, surface capping ligands containing reductive functional groups, and extrinsic doping. Our analysis reveals mechanisms for polymorph stabilization that open a new pathway for structural control of halide perovskites.
Tüketici tercihlerinde Renk ve Görselliğin Lezzet ve Genel Kabul Edilebilirlik Üzerindeki Etkisi: El Yapımı Çikolata Örneği (The Impact of Color and Visuals on Taste and General Acceptability in Consumer Preferences: A Handmade Chocolate Example)

Bu araştırmada, tüketici tercihlerinde renk ve görselliğin lezzet ve genel kabul edilebilirlik üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. Araştırmada deneysel tasarım tercih edilmiş, Çikolata Workshop ortamında gerçekleşen çalışmada, yarı eğitilmiş 24 katılımcıya, renk ve görselliği farklı hazırlanan, 3 farklı el yapımı çikolata tattırılmıştır. Duyusal analizler için tasarlanmış bir ölçeğin yer aldığı anket tekniği ile, tadım sonrasında katılımcılardan veriler elde edilmiş, elde edilen veriler istatistik paket programı yardımıyla analiz edilmiş ve sonuçları yorumlanmıştır. Veriler Friedman S ve Wilcoxon İşaretli Sıra Testi analizleriyle test edilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonucuna göre, tüketici tercihlerinde renk ve görselliğin lezzet ve genel kabul edilebilirlik üzerinde etkisi tespit edilmiştir. Panelistler tarafından en çok tercih edilenin, artizan çikolata (renkli) olduğu bulgulanmıştır. Çalışmanın öneriler kısmında, çikolata yapımında renk ve görselliği dikkate alan öneriler sunulmuştur.
Arterial Presumed Perinatal Ischemic Stroke: A Mini Review and Case Report of Cognitive and Speech-Language Profiles in a 5-Year-Old Girl

Arterial presumed perinatal ischemic stroke is a type of perinatal stroke that emerges due to late or delayed diagnostics of perinatal or neonatal arterial ischemic stroke. It is usually recognized before one year of life due to hemiparesis. This injury may lead to cognitive, behavioral, or motor symptoms, and life-long neurodevelopmental disabilities. In this case report, we describe a five-year-old girl with a history of arterial presumed perinatal ischemic stroke in the left hemisphere, which adversely affected her cognitive and language outcomes. The girl’s cognitive development has been uneven, ranging from below average to average, and she had specific language acquisition deficits in comprehension, vocabulary, morphology, use of complex syntax, and narrative structure. The obtained results point to the specificity of each child whose development is influenced not only by the timing of the brain lesion and the degree of damage, but also by the child’s neurobiological capacity. In addition, we provide an updated review of the literature that includes information on epidemiology, risk factors, diagnostics, clinical manifestations, outcomes, and potential therapies. The present article highlights the importance of early intervention and systematic monitoring of children with perinatal stroke with the aim of improving the child’s development.
Community Assistance in Utilizing Sharia-Based Digital Banking

As one of the industries engaged in the business and financial sector, banks are certainly required to keep abreast of developments by advances in technology and information. The application of digitalization in the banking industry, especially Sharia Banking, is expected to create speed, convenience, flexibility, and convenience in non-cash transactions in society. This service activity aims to educate the public regarding the benefits and advantages of Sharia Digital Banking products and non-cash transactions. The participatory community empowerment method uses the Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) model. As a result of this activity, the public will receive new and accurate information on the use of Digital Banking products and be careful in non-cash transactions to avoid various financial crimes and increase public perception and knowledge of the development of Islamic Financial Literacy.
Variabilité électrophorétique et morphologique des lézards ocellés (Lacertidae) : un complexes d'espèces de part et d'autre du détroit de Gibraltar

Nous avons etudie la variabilite proteinique et morphologique de lezards ocelles appartenant a differentes populations europeennes et africaines de ce complexe d'especes de la Mediterranee occidentale. Les lezards ocelles d'Europe (Lacerta lepida ssp. lepida, iberica, nevadensis) sont tres variables pour la forme du corps, la pholidose, la couleur et la dentition dans l'ensemble de leur aire de distribution etendue latitudinalement, mais ils sont relativement peu differencies par l'electrophorese. A l'inverse, les lezards ocelles africains ne sont pas variables, quant a leur pholidose, le long de leur aire de distribution - une etroite bande entre la mer Mediterranee et le Sahara, coupee en 2 par la tres aride vallee de la Moulouya -, mais l'electrophorese revele des distances importantes entre les populations algero-tunisienne (Lacerta pater) et celles du Maroc (Lacerta tangitana [combinaison nouvelle]). Ces differences sont du meme ordre de grandeur que celles existant entre les populations marocaines et europeennes, taxons specifiques bien differencies. Ce type de repartition, avec des especes separees en peninsule Iberique, dans les montagnes marocaines, et dans le Tell algero-tunisien, se retrouve dans d'autres complexes et suggere l'existence d'une barriere geographique importante entre l'est et l'ouest du Maghreb a l'epoque de l'ouverture du detroit de Gibraltar.
Monitoring checklist for the construction of light-woodframe houses

Light-woodframe emerges as a modern construction solution to compete with the masonry houses, due to similarities in competitive costs and low-trained labor. This informality contributes to troubles and problems, being identified as perceptible challenges for the building planning and management. A good tool to solve these difficulties consists in the use of a standard checklist during construction process activities, avoiding the negligence of necessary steps to complete the building project. This checklist indicates the systemic view of the complete process, acting as a facilitating and standardizing tool for the progress of on-site building works. To meet these demands, the present paper developed and proposed an organizational tool, materialized by a checklist presented in Appendix section of this paper, in order to monitor the construction process of wood-based houses through light-woodframe system. Due to detailed knowledge of each building phase, this user-friendly checklist adds values and offers organization routines for developers and suppliers. Printed checklists exclude the need of electronic devices on site, allowing copies for all workers. On building site, it allows controlling the systematization and progress of activities, providing a comprehensive systemic view of the work.
Redox Biology and Liver Fibrosis

Hepatic fibrosis is a complex process that develops in chronic liver diseases. Even though the initiation and progression of fibrosis rely on the underlying etiology, mutual mechanisms can be recognized and targeted for therapeutic purposes. Irrespective of the primary cause of liver disease, persistent damage to parenchymal cells triggers the overproduction of reactive species, with the consequent disruption of redox balance. Reactive species are important mediators for the homeostasis of both hepatocytes and non-parenchymal liver cells. Indeed, other than acting as cytotoxic agents, reactive species are able to modulate specific signaling pathways that may be relevant to hepatic fibrogenesis. After a brief introduction to redox biology and the mechanisms of fibrogenesis, this review aims to summarize the current evidence of the involvement of redox-dependent pathways in liver fibrosis and focuses on possible therapeutic targets.
Motywy podejmowania aktywności turystycznej przez osoby starsze ze Stowarzyszenia Promocji Sportu FAN

Motives of the tourist activity of the seniors form the FAN association background. The article refers to the motives of the tourist activities undertaken by seniors form the FAN association. The aim of this study is to investigate the situation based on the opinion of two senior sections members of an association dedicated to sport promotion in the Lower Silesia. material and methods. A short presentation of the association activity is followed by an analysis of the survey responses. The research was performed among 68 seniors. The questions concerned four main topics: the respondents’ personal status and physical condition, the preferred forms of recreational activity, the main purposes of travelling and tourist motivations, and, finally, the most important factors inhibiting the responders’ tourist activity. The group was also asked to assess the tourist offer existing on the local market in Lower Silesia, and especially to emphasise factors that should be changed. results. The moti­ vations of the senior tourists in the opinion of the interrogated group are different. The most popular form of tourist activity is the sightseeing excursions although the active forms like bicycling, Nordic walking or just walking are very welcomed as well. No matter the form the most frequent motivation reflects the search for the new experience and practising hobby. The other results are quite encouraging – no financial and health problems are pointed among the obstacles since 78% of the group are pleased with its health conditions. The threat may be the lack of the tourist offer dedicated exclusively for this target group and financial support. conclusions. The tourist motivations of the seniors are different but clearly expressed and their recognition may serve as a good background for the well prepared tourist offer. key words: seniors in tourism, tourist motivations, tourist offer słowa kluczowe: turystyka seniorów, motywacje turystyczne, oferta turystyczna ROZPRAWY NAUKOWE Akademii Wychowania Fizycznego we Wrocławiu