Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Resilient Adaptive Event-Triggered $H_{\infty }$ Fuzzy Filtering for Cyber-Physical Systems Under Stochastic-Sampling and Denial-of-Service Attacks

This article is concerned with resilient adaptive event-triggered $H_{\infty }$ fuzzy filtering for a class of interval type-2 (IT2) Takagi–Sugeno (T–S) fuzzy-model-based cyber-physical systems (CPSs) under stochastic sampling and energy-constrained, nonperiodic denial-of-service (DoS) attacks. The nonlinear plant with parameter uncertainties is represented as a class of IT2 T–S fuzzy systems, and a novel resilient adaptive event-triggered scheme (AETS) against stochastic sampling and DoS attacks is proposed. In the designing process of the fuzzy filter, a novel resilient switched IT2 T–S fuzzy filter that switches according to the DoS attacks is applied. Then, the switched stochastic delayed systems model with a favorable form is established for the filtering-error-system. Based on the Lyapunov–Krasovskii stability theory and switched stochastic delayed systems theory, the relaxed stability condition is derived, which can ensure that the filtering-error-system is stochastically exponentially stable (SES) where the decay rate is indicated, the maximum frequency of DoS attacks is revealed, and an $H_{\infty }$ disturbance attenuation performance is guaranteed. Also, the codesign algorithm is further developed to implement the codesign of fuzzy filter and resilient AETS. Finally, two numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.
A Wireless Universal Brain-Machine Interface (BMI) System for Epileptic Diseases

This paper presents a wireless universal brain-machine interface (BMI) system. The proposed system integrates three main modules, including an electroencephalogram (EEG) signal analyzer, a neural stimulator, and a PC user interface. Its functionalities include EEG signal acquisition, digital signal processing, electrical stimulation and so on. It can continuously monitor EEG signal status in real time, quickly diagnose brain abnormal activities and correctly generate a proper stimulation if needed. In the EEG signal analyzer, the EEG signal acquisition pathway consists of a four-channel analog front-end featuring high gain and high CMRR. Under the control of an MCU, EEG data are transmitted to the PC in real time through a Bluetooth connection. Then the PC analyzes the EEG signals through the algorithm based on the new Teager energy operator and multiscale entropy. The neural stimulator can provide both positive and negative current stimulations which have programmable pulse width and frequency. Experiment results show that the neural stimulator can generate ±1 mA stimulation current output at ±5 V supply voltage.
Role of the Gene ndufs8 Located in Respiratory Complex I from Monascus purpureus in the Cell Growth and Secondary Metabolites Biosynthesis

Our previous work revealed that the anabolism of Monascus secondary metabolites is closely related to cofactor metabolism. In this study, we have further investigated the regulation mechanisms of respiratory complex I in response to the cell growth and secondary metabolite biosynthesis of M. purpureus. The results showed that downregulating the mRNA level of gene ndufs8 in M. purpureus sharply increased the secondary metabolites biosynthesis, cell growth and glucose consumption rates at the fermentation metaphase; slightly increased the colony diameter and biomass, and dramatically changed the mycelia morphology; and decreased the tolerances to environmental factors (especially H2O2). It also significantly inhibited the enzymes activities of respiratory complex I, III and superoxide dismutase, but stimulated that of complex II, IV and peroxidase, leading to an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and a decrease in ATP concentration. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis revealed that the mRNA levels of genes involved in respiratory chain, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and fatty acid degradation were downregulated, but those in the citrinin and monascus pigment biosynthesis and related pathways were upregulated. These data revealed that complex I plays a vital role in regulating the cell growth and secondary metabolism of Monascus via changing the intracellular ROS and ATP levels.
"It’s not just about recovery": The Right Turn Veteran-Specific Recovery Service Evaluation, Final report.

Ex-military personnel who are recovering from addictions are more likely to succeed in recovery through veteran specific services, new research has revealed. The research, carried out by Sheffield Hallam University’s Helena Kennedy Centre for International Justice on behalf of charities Addaction and Forces in Mind Trust (FiMT), looked at the work of the Right Turn project, which has been developed to support veterans who are recovering from addiction and helping them reintegrate in to civilian life. Addaction's Right Turn initiative, the first of its kind in the UK when launched, is a pioneering project operating on the premise that the comradeship underpinning military life can be re-directed to support recovery from addictions and desistance from crime. The report presents the findings from the two year evaluation.
Activated Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapy for Treatment of Multi-Drug Resistant Bacterial Infections in Dogs

New and creative approaches are required to treat chronic infections caused by increasingly drug-resistant strains of bacteria. One strategy is the use of cellular therapy employing mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) to kill bacteria directly and to also activate effective host immunity to infection. We demonstrated previously that activated MSC delivered systemically could be used effectively together with antibiotic therapy to clear chronic biofilm infections in rodent models. Therefore, we sought in the current studies to gain new insights into the antimicrobial properties of activated canine MSC and to evaluate their effectiveness as a novel cellular therapy for treatment of naturally-occurring drug resistant infections in dogs. These studies revealed that canine MSC produce and secrete antimicrobial peptides that synergize with most classes of common antibiotics to trigger rapid bactericidal activity. In addition, activated canine MSC migrated more efficiently to inflammatory stimuli, and secreted factors associated with wound healing and fibroblast proliferation and recruitment of activated neutrophils. Macrophages incubated with conditioned medium from activated MSC developed significantly enhanced bactericidal activity. Clinical studies in dogs with chronic multidrug resistant infections treated by repeated i.v. delivery of activated, allogeneic MSC demonstrated significant clinical benefit, including infection clearance and healing of infected tissues. Taken together, the results of these studies provide new insights into antimicrobial activity of canine MSC, and their potential clinical utility for management of chronic, drug-resistant infections.
Use of the Intelligent Digital Twin for Dynamic Calculation of the Reliability of Industrial Automation Systems

The reliability calculation is an important step in the system analysis to determine the remaining service life of the industrial automation system’s components operating in changing environments. In contrast to classic automation systems working without considering dynamic environment parameters, for an accurate calculation, it is not adequate to use only the information obtained from product specifications or experiments. Rather, this calculation should be done dynamically. For this reason, we used the Markov model as the reliability calculation method, since it is a powerful state-based analytical technique considering the dynamic aspects concerning testing and maintenance. This is the need to add dynamism to the system. This paper proposes a novel approach using the concept of intelligent Digital Twin (iDT) for the dynamic calculation of the reliability of industrial automation systems. Moreover, we evaluate our concept as a prototype. Our developed concept is a comprehensive approximation of the calculation of reliability in an industrial automation system by considering dynamic influencing factor failure rate, human factor failure rate, manufacturer failure rate, and repair rate.
Contrasting Scaling Properties of Near-Sun Sub-Alfvénic and Super-Alfvénic Regions

Scale-invariance has rapidly established itself as one of the most used concepts in space plasmas to uncover underlying physical mechanisms via the scaling-law behavior of the statistical properties of field fluctuations. In this work, we characterize the scaling properties of the magnetic field fluctuations in a sub-alfvénic region in contrast with those of the nearby super-alfvénic zone during the ninth Parker Solar Probe perihelion. With our observations, (i) evidence of an extended self-similarity (ESS) for both the inertial and the sub-ion/kinetic regimes during both solar wind intervals is provided, (ii) a multifractal nature of field fluctuations is observed across inertial scales for both solar wind intervals, and (iii) a mono-fractal structure of the small-scale dynamics is reported. The main novelty is that a universal character is found at the sub-ion/kinetic scale, where a unique rescaling exponent describes the high-order statistics of fluctuations during both wind intervals. Conversely, a multitude of scaling symmetries is observed at the inertial scale with a similar fractal topology and geometrical structures between the magnetic field components in the ecliptic plane and perpendicular to it, in contrast with a different level of intermittency, more pronounced during the super-alfvénic interval rather than the sub-alfvénic one, along the perpendicular direction to the ecliptic plane. The above features are interpreted in terms of the possible underlying heating and/or acceleration mechanisms in the solar corona resulting from turbulence and current sheet formation.
Avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana de antissépticos e desinfetantes utilizados em um serviço público de saúde

O estudo teve como objetivo determinar in vitro a atividade antimicrobiana de antissepticos e desinfetantes utilizados no servico de atencao primaria a saude de uma cidade do norte do Parana, utilizando microrganismos padronizados pelo Instituto Nacional de Controle de Qualidade em Saude da Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz. Para tanto, foram realizadas analises da atividade antimicrobiana e da estabilidade quimica de tres diferentes antissepticos e um desinfetante utilizados no servico de atencao primaria a saude. A partir das analises realizadas no primeiro, setimo, decimo quarto e vigesimo primeiro dias, apos a abertura dos frascos, verificou-se que as amostras mantiveram sua atividade antimicrobiana in vitro em relacao as cepas padronizadas, evidenciadas pela ausencia de crescimento de unidades formadoras de colonias e estabilidade quimica dos principios ativos dos antissepticos. O estudo permitiu verificar a eficacia das amostras frente a analises microbiologicas in vitro utilizando microrganismos padronizados.
Online Silence: Why Do Not People Challenge Others When Posting Misinformation?

Purpose: There is a scarcity of research studies on why people remain inactive when encountering and recognising misinformation online. The main aim of this paper is to provide a groundwork for future research into why users do not challenge misinformation on digital platforms by generating hypotheses through a synthesis of pertinent literature, including organisational behaviour, communication, human-computer interaction (HCI), psychology, and education. Design/methodology/approach: Given the lack of directly related literature, this paper synthesised findings from relevant fields where the findings might be relevant, as the tendency to withhold opinions or feedback is a well-documented practice in offline interaction. Findings: Following our analysis of relevant literature, the potential reasons for online silence towards misinformation can be divided into six categories: self-oriented, relationship-oriented, others-oriented, content-oriented, individual characteristics, and technical factors. Originality: Although corrections coming from peers can effectively combat misinformation, several studies showed that people in cyberspace do not take such action. To the best of our knowledge, there has been scarce and virtually non-existent research investigating why people refrain from challenging others who post misinformation online. Thus, this paper attempts to address this gap and identify reasons in adjacent domains. The reasons provide a starting point for researching interventions to reduce reluctance and abstinence regarding the challenge of misinformation. Our findings can be beneficial beyond the area of challenging misinformation and are extensible to other types of content and communication that people are hesitant to discuss and challenge, such as online injustice, prejudice, and hate speech.
The Aggregation of Destabilized Ag Triangular Nanoplates and Its Application in Detection of Thiram Residues

An aggregation or assembly of Ag triangular nanoplates (Ag TNPs) can cause dramatic changes in their optical properties, which is widely used in applications in the field of sensing. The assembly forms of nanoparticles are crucial for obtaining sensitive sensing signals, but it is unknown what kind of assembly dominates the aggregated Ag TNPs in aqueous solutions. Herein, using thiram-induced Ag TNP aggregation as a model, six different assembly models were established, including three planar (side-by-side, side-to-tip, and tip-to-tip) assemblies and three tridimensional (plane-to-plane, plane-to-tip, and plane-to-side) assemblies. The corresponding optical properties were then investigated. Both theoretical and experimental findings indicate that three-dimensional assemblies, especially plane-to-plane assembly, dominate the Ag TNPs aggregation solution, causing a blue shift of the absorption spectrum. Analysis of charge distribution patterns in Ag TNPs indicates that such a blue shift is caused by the electrostatic repulsive force in plane-to-plane assembly. Thus, we propose a simple colorimetric method for thiram detection using Ag TNPs as an indicator. The method exhibits a selective and sensitive response to thiram with a limit of detection of 0.13 μM in the range of 0.2–0.5 μM, as well as excellent performance in real samples like wheat.
A Multicenter Cohort Study in Patients With Primary Empty Sella: Hormonal and Neuroradiological Features Over a Long Follow-Up

Objective primary empty sella (PES) represents a frequent finding, but data on hormonal alterations are heterogeneous, and its natural history is still unclear. Our aim was to evaluate the pituitary function of patients with PES over a long follow-up. Design multicenter retrospective cohort study enrolling patients referred between 1984-2020 to five Pituitary Units, with neuroradiological confirmed PES and a complete hormonal assessment. Methods we analyzed hormonal (including basal and dynamic evaluations), clinical and neuroradiological data collected at diagnosis and at the last visit (at least 6 months of follow-up). Results we recruited 402 patients (females=63%, mean age=51.5 ± 16 years) with PES (partial, total, undefined in 66%, 13% and 21%, respectively). Hypopituitarism was present in 40.5% (hypogonadism=20.4%, hypoadrenalism=14.7%, growth hormone deficiency=14.7%, hypothyroidism=10.2%, diabetes insipidus=1.5%; multiple deficiencies=11.4%) and hypeprolactinemia in 6.5%. Interestingly, hormonal alterations were diagnosed in 29% of incidental PES. Hypopituitarism was associated with male sex (p=0.02), suspected endocrinopathy (p<0.001), traumatic brain injury (p=0.003) and not with age, BMI, number of pregnancies and neuroradiological grade. A longitudinal assessment was possible in 166/402 (median follow-up=58 months). In 5/166 (3%), new deficiencies occurred, whereas 14/166 (8.4%) showed a hormonal recovery. A progression from partial to total PES, which was found in 6/98 patients assessed with a second imaging, was the only parameter significantly related to the hormonal deterioration (p=0.006). Conclusions this is the largest cohort of patients with PES reported. Hypopituitarism is frequent (40%) but hormonal deterioration seems uncommon (3%). Patients need to be carefully evaluated at diagnosis, even if PES is incidentally discovered.
Sustaining Human Nutrition in an Increasingly Urban World

The complex interaction between social, economic, and environmental processes coupled with transformations of the landscape primarily driven by urbanization have impacts on the access, availability, and distribution, of food. This has resulted in a global micronutrient deficiency and hunger. Given rapid urbanization and population growth, a more sustainable food system is necessary to feed more urban populations and provide adequate nutrition, especially in developing countries. Existing frameworks for modelling urban-environment interactions contain components related to food security, however, lack the specificity needed to evaluate the effects of land use decisions and agricultural production strategies on the health of local populations measured through metrics such as nutritional output. The research presented here proposes an urban nutrition (UN) extension to the previously published urban ecological economic system by developing a focused component that simulates scenarios of different degrees of urbanization and agricultural production techniques to improve the nutritional output of agricultural land, while considering the conservation of soil. This simulation approach was subsequently applied to the Toluca Metropolitan Zone, Mexico. Results showed that nutritional output would greatly increase when adding a variety of crops, even in scenarios where agricultural land is limited. The proposed extension can be used by decision makers worldwide to evaluate how landscape configurations and agricultural production systems affect the nutritional needs of the local population while fostering sustainable practices.
A Case Study for the Optimal Residential Battery Size and Dispatch Control in the Energy Market Context in Romania

This study presents a technical and economic analysis for a photovoltaic and battery system configured for a household with electrical heating and cooling using an air-to-water heat pump. The analysis is performed for multiple scenarios, alternating between the building not having any system installed, having only the photovoltaic system, and having the photovoltaic system in combination with the battery. The case study considers the current electricity market design in Romania and an alternative one which could be implemented, where consumption is charged at time-of-use tariffs. The battery is dispatched by a predictive controller which has the objective of maximizing the revenues and savings which can be achieved by consuming the cheaper local production and by selling the excess to the grid. The results are interpreted in terms of net present value and discounted payback period. The analysis also shows that a proper optimal sizing of the battery shall be performed to obtain the maximum savings and revenues.
Flexible and high data-rate coherent optical transceivers

• A submitted manuscript is the version of the article upon submission and before peer-review. There can be important differences between the submitted version and the official published version of record. People interested in the research are advised to contact the author for the final version of the publication, or visit the DOI to the publisher's website. • The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review. • The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers.
Influence of non‐uniform magnetic field on relativistic q‐Gaussian laser pulses propagating in magnetized plasmas

In this work, the influence of a non‐uniform magnetic field on the self‐focusing of relativistic q‐Gaussian (QG) laser pulse propagating in magnetized plasma is studied. Utilizing the non‐linear Schrodinger equation with higher‐order paraxial approximation, the higher‐order terms of the dielectric function and the eikonal in the presence of a non‐uniform magnetic field have been obtained. Numerical results reveal that while the non‐uniform magnetized field decreases, the pulse width parameter (g) decreases, and subsequently the spot‐size of the laser declines too. As a consequence, the QG laser pulse will be more focused. Besides, it is shown that increasing the values of q‐parameter leads to a decline in self‐focusing qualities and, at lower values of q‐parameter, sharp self‐focusing of QG laser pulse is observed. Furthermore, it is found that when the QG laser pulse is propagated in the magnetized plasma, the amplitude of the pulse width decreases with decreasing the δ‐parameter, and consequently, the laser pulse becomes more compressed. Moreover, it is observed that the application of a non‐uniform magnetic field improves the self‐focusing of the QG laser pulse propagated through magnetized plasma.
Editorial: Epithelial to Mesenchymal Plasticity in Colorectal Cancer

NSF-Simons Center for Multiscale Cell Fate Research, Irvine, CA, United States, Department of Mathematics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States, Experimental Tumorpathology, Institute of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum, Erlangen, Germany, Comprehensive Cancer Center-EMN (CCC), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany, Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey