Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 on Health Outcomes and Hospital Visits after Omicron Infection in Children and Adolescents Aged 5–18 Years: A Danish Nation-Wide Cohort Study

This study investigates the impact of vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 on health outcomes and hospital contacts in children and adolescents aged 5–18 years infected with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant, comparing previously vaccinated with unvaccinated. Using national register data, vaccinated and unvaccinated Danish children and adolescents with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test between 1 January and 31 March 2022 (Omicron dominance period) were included. The Prior Event Rate Ratio (PERR) was used to explore differences in hospital contacts (hospitalizations and emergency room (ER) visits), while Inverse Treatment Probability Weighted (IPW) risk ratios were used to explore the risk of severe health outcomes within six weeks following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Vaccinated 5–11-year-old girls had fewer visits to the ER compared to unvaccinated ones, PERR 0.92 (95% CI 0.84–1.00). Vaccinated 5–11-year-old boys had fewer hospitalizations (PERR 0.79 (0.64–0.99)) and more ER visits (PERR 1.13 (1.04–1.22)) compared to unvaccinated ones. An unadjusted and significant lower risk of febrile seizure among vaccinated 5–11-year-olds compared to unvaccinated ones was found (risk ratio 0.12 (0.04–0.39), p ≤ 0.01. No significant differences were found for severe conditions or for croup or pneumonia in either age group. The results indicate a modest protective effect of the vaccine in terms of hospital contacts, but no protective effect on health outcomes after SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection in this population of Danish children and adolescents.
Clash of Cultures: Implications of China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) into Myanmar

China has embarked on a massive infrastructure development project across and through its Southeast Asian neighbors such as the China-Myanmar Economic Corridor (CMEC). While China is the world's second largest economy, Myanmar is on the United Nations' list of 48 least developed countries (LDCs) with over 70% of the population living in rural areas and depend on agriculture. While China has no religion Myanmar's culture is immersed in Theravada Buddhism. We used a dataset from the World Values Survey to analyze the cultural variances based on the Value-Orientation Framework. Our findings show that the two countries differ significantly in almost all of the value orientations. Challengers such as a lack of a common history, religion and language had already raised tensions and conflicts in past projects and would lead to an erosion of the project-benefits upon the completion of the CMEC. This paper highlights the implications and pitfalls to avoid for both countries.
Overview of Electric Vehicles Charging Stations in Smart Grids

The extensive incorporation of electric vehicles (EVs) plays a crucial role in mitigating climate change and reducing greenhouse gas emissions within the transportation sector. Establishing a reliable and easily accessible charging network infrastructure for EVs is of utmost importance in mitigating range anxiety, elevating consumer trust, and expediting the widespread adoption of EVs, consequently accelerating the shift towards a sustainable and decarbonized transportation regime. The present review article underscores the growing importance of charging station infrastructure as a pivotal factor in promoting the widespread adoption of EVs and advancing sustainable transportation. This is primarily driven by the exponential rise of EVs globally, which demands the imperative establishment and expansion of charge station infrastructure to cater to the growing demands of the EV industry. This paper extensively examines the most current charging station technologies, encompassing fast charging, wireless charging, and intelligent charging systems. It highlights their advantages, drawbacks, and impacts on EV users, infrastructure developers, and policymakers. This paper aims to elucidate various aspects related to the extensive deployment of charging stations, including infrastructure scalability, grid integration, and interoperability. Moreover, potential solutions, best practices, and ongoing research initiatives about these challenges have been critically analyzed and discussed in this study. Finally, this study provides an in-depth analysis of the prospective prospects of charging station infrastructure, delving into potential advancements, nascent technologies, and research avenues within the domain.
Frequency dependence of the quality factor in the upper crust: a deep seismic sounding approach

Summary. Ray amplitudes are computed in a one-dimensional velocity structure where the quality factor Q varies continuously with depth. An iterative process is then proposed to derive the quality factor distribution in the upper crust from deep sounding data. Results for compressional waves in the French Massif Central and for a signal frequency close to 20 Hz show that Q increases in a rather linear way from about 40 in surface up to 600 at 7 km depth. Q seems to be higher in the Central Alps: 180 in surface, 1600 at 5 km depth (at 20 Hz). Using proper signal processing, the frequency dependence of Q is finally investigated in the frequency range 10–25 Hz. The results indicate a dependence of the form Q = Q0fα, where α= 0.25 ± 0.1.
Thermoremanent magnetization in submicroscopic magnetite

Induction and demagnetization characteristics of thermoremanent magnetization (TRM) have been studied for four synthetic magnetites with mean particle sizes of 0.04–0.22 μm. The experiments are intended to simulate the acquisition and laboratory demagnetization of natural remanent magnetization carried by submicroscopic but non-single-domain titanomagnetite particles in igneous rocks. Although hysteresis properties indicate that the magnetites are above single-domain (SD) size, their weak-field TRM are SD-like. TRM intensity, for a 1-oe inducing field, ranges from 6 to 12 emu/cm3. Median alternating demagnetization fields are between 275 and 400 oe, while blocking temperatures are generally within 50°C of the Curie point. However, neither Neel's SD theory nor Stacey's pseudo-SD theory can account for the observed dependence of TRM on inducing field, since theoretically TRM should saturate in rather low fields. Neel's two-domain theory fits the strong-field data very well but is inadequate in the weak-field region. These failures indicate that theoretically assumed two- and four-domain structures are not appropriate in particles just above SD size. Blocking temperature data are consistent with well-developed multidomain (MD) structure (i.e., thermal activation volume associated with a domain wall notably less than particle volume) in 0.22-μm particles but a wavelike spin structure without recognizable domains in particles ≤0.1 μm in size. The dependence of weak-field TRM on grain size d also supports this interpretation: TRM varies approximately as d−1 between 0.1 μm and the pseudo-SD threshold at 15–20 μm, but below 0.1 μm there is no clear size dependence. Particles with wavelike spin structure have not been recognized previously but may well explain the MD-like hysteresis and SD-like TRM of many igneous rocks.
Analyse géométrique et cinématique d'un duplex issu d'un modèle analogique visualisé en 3D par tomographie aux rayons X

Geometry and kinematics of an experimental duplex analysed by X-ray tomography Small-scaled multilayered models with the mechanical properties of a sedimentary pile including two levels of potential decollement were performed to study the kinematics and the geometry of duplex formation. The models reproduce the main features of the duplexes seen in the foreland of many mountain belts. Thrust propagation in the duplex is always in a forward sequence and the earliest horse develops as a triangle zone. The horizontal cross-sections obtained ~~~~~~~~~2{2n199
Comparison of single vs composite soil electrical apparent conductivity-directed samples of irrigated soils for inorganic nitrogen estimation with electromagnetic induction sensors

The management of soil can be improved by precision agriculture. A way to achieve this is by quantifying NH4+–N and NO3−–N in soil. The sampling of soil for quantifying these N species is a laborious task. Electromagnetic induction (EMI) sensors could ease the task, providing a large quantity of data. The correlation of inorganic N with soil electrical apparent conductivity (ECa) in either single or composite samples is essential to accomplish this. Using an ECa-directed sampling approach, suitable sampling points were identified at four centre pivots. Single and composite samples were collected in 300 mm increments to 600 mm at Hofmeyr and 1500 mm at Douglas, Luckhoff and Empangeni. The samples were analysed for NH4+–N and NO3−–N from which total inorganic N (TIN) was calculated. All three inorganic N fractions were correlated insignificantly to in-field readings of ECa, implicating that EMI sensors are not suitable for inorganic N estimations in these irrigated soils. A comparison between single and composite samples, however, showed a good agreement of NH4+–N concentrations which was not true for NO3−–N or TIN concentrations. Composite samples are recommended for inorganic N measurements with an EMI sensor. Single samples could be used when only NH4+–N is analysed.
Targeting CD24 in Cancer Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a hot area in cancer treatment, and one of the keys to this therapy is the identification of the right tumour-associated or tumour-specific antigen. Cluster of differentiation 24 (CD24) is an emerging tumour-associated antigen that is commonly and highly expressed in various tumours. In addition, CD24 is associated with several cancer-related signalling pathways and closely interacts with other molecules and immune cells to influence tumour progression. Monoclonal antibodies, antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs), chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, and CAR-NK cell therapy are currently available for the treatment of CD24. In this review, we summarise the existing therapeutic approaches and possible future directions targeting CD24.
Socioeconomic and demographic factors predictive of missed appointments in outpatient radiation oncology: an evaluation of access

Purpose While missed patient appointments reduce clinic efficiency and limit effective resource allocation, factors predictive of “no shows” are poorly understood in radiation oncology. Methods and materials A prospective data registry of consecutive patients referred for initial consultation from October 2,018 to April 2022 was reviewed. Demographic characteristics recorded included age, gender, race, language preference, living situation, and insurance status. Zip code data linked to a patient’s residential address was used to determine socioeconomic status (SES) based on publicly available data on median household income. No show encounters were defined as all encounters where the patient failed to cancel their visit and did not sign-in to their scheduled appointment. Descriptive statistics were presented to identify factors predictive of missed appointments. Results A total of 9,241 consecutive patients were referred and logged into the database during the 4-year period, of which 5,755 were successfully scheduled and registered. A total of 523 patients (9%) failed to show for their appointments. Missed appointments were associated with low-income status, homeless living situation, and Black or Latino race (p < 0.05, for all). The proportion of White, Latino, Asian, and Black patients who missed appointments was 6%, 14%, 9%, and 12%, respectively (p < 0.001). Patient characteristics independently associated with higher odds of appointment non-adherence included low-income status ((OR) = 2.90, 95% CI (1.44–5.89) and Black or Latino race [(OR) = 3.31, 95% CI: 1.22–7.65]. Conclusions Our results highlight the influence of demographic, financial, and racial disparities on proper health care utilization among patients with cancer. Future interventions aimed at reducing appointment no shows could channel resources to the at risk-populations identified in this analysis, improving access to care, and optimize clinic efficiency.
A Distributed System For Large-Scale Geolocalization Of Internet Hosts

Determining the geographic location of nodes enables a variety of useful network applications. Such applications include ﬁnding servers that are closest to clients, customizing content based on the location of website visitors, locating faulty nodes during network diagnosis, and tracking down persons of interest. Past efforts to solve the geolocalization problem have either relied on databases of questionable accuracy and integrity or on limited sources of information about node location. As a result, their coverage and accuracy have suffered. This thesis presents Alidade, a distributed framework for performing accurate and scalable geolocalization with worldwide coverage. Alidade provides a principled approach to geolocalization based on geometric constraint satisfaction. It takes advantage of diverse sources of ground truth, including landmarks whose positions are approximately known. The framework partitions constraints extracted from the network into disjoint sets that can be independently and concurrently evaluated. This enables a MapReduce style implementation that scales well with the number of landmarks and targets.
Software defined content popularity estimation for wireless D2D caching networks

In this work, we are going to find a way to estimate content popularity in clustered networks. Since software-defined methods make planning more automatic and flexible, in this paper we take the help of software-defined methods for content estimation. For this purpose, the content popularity estimation algorithm is implemented by the base station located in the control plane. At the data plane level, there are users and among the users, there are several helper users who use the cache content in their device both to benefit other users and reduce base station traffic. First, we cluster the helpers using clustering methods. Then we present an optimal algorithm to estimate content popularity in each cluster, and finally, in a cellular network with the ability to communicate using a D2D connection we use cache placement to maximize offload traffic. Evaluations show that cache placement based on the proposed content popularity estimation algorithm increases the hit rate and offload.
Clinical Characteristics of Individuals with Interstitial Lung Diseases and Indication of End-of-Life Care

End-of-life care (EOLC) is palliative support provided in the last 6 months to 1 year of a patient’s life. Although there are established criteria for its indication, few studies describe the clinical and functional characteristics of individuals with interstitial lung diseases (ILD) in EOLC. ILD individuals underwent various assessments, including lung function, exercise capacity (6 min walk test), physical activity in daily life (PADL), peripheral muscle strength, maximal respiratory pressures, body composition, quality of life (SGRQ-I), symptoms of anxiety and depression, dyspnea (MRC scale), and sleep quality. Fifty-eight individuals were included and divided into two groups according to the indication for commencing EOLC (ILD with an indication of EOLC (ILD-EOLC) or ILD without an indication of EOLC (ILD-nEOLC). There were differences between the groups, respectively, for steps/day (2328 [1134–3130] vs. 5188 [3863–6514] n/day, p = 0.001), time spent/day carrying out moderate-to-vigorous physical activities (1 [0.4–1] vs. 10 [3–19] min/day, p = 0.0003), time spent/day in standing (3.8 [3.2–4.5] vs. 4.8 [4.1–6.7] h/day, p = 0.005), and lying positions (5.7 [5.3–6.9] vs. 4.2 [3.6–5.1] h/day, p = 0.0004), the sit-to-stand test (20 ± 4 vs. 26 ± 7 reps, p = 0.01), 4 m gait speed (0.92 ± 0.21 vs. 1.05 ± 0.15 m/s, p = 0.02), quadriceps muscle strength (237 [211–303] vs. 319 [261–446] N, p = 0.005), SGRQ-I (71 ± 15 vs. 50 ± 20 pts, p = 0.0009), and MRC (4 [3–5] vs. 2 [2–3] pts, p = 0.001). ILD individuals with criteria for commencing EOLC exhibit reduced PADL, functional performance, peripheral muscle strength, quality of life, and increased dyspnea.
Active-Isolation Improvement of Shared-Aperture Beam-Scanning Array Based on Excitation Optimization Techniques

In this letter, a methodology based on the excitation optimization technique is proposed to increase the array isolation in a shared-aperture beam-scanning array. A multiple-constraint active isolation model is proposed to comprehensively reflect the isolation between the transmitting and receiving arrays. The first constraint condition in such a model ensures that the receiving channels are not this letter, a oversaturated by the energy coupling from the transmitting array. The second constraint condition ensures that the receiving signal is large enough to suppress noise interference. By only optimizing the excitation of array elements while preserving the radiation performance, the active cancellation can be implemented to improve the hybrid active isolation. To validate this method, a K/Ka dual-band dual-circular-polarized shared-aperture beam-scanning array is designed to achieve the active isolation better than 50 dB throughout the scanning range of ±50°.
Rainfall, topography and primary production relationships in a semiarid ecosystem

A series of 15 Satellite Pour l'Observation de la Terra XS images, which were acquired during a single growing season, were used to study the spatial and temporal relationships between topography, rainfall and aboveground net primary production (ANPP) of annuals in a semiarid environment. A digital elevation model was used to locate five physiographic units: interfluve, shoulder, backslope, foot slope, and channel, along the slope catena. ANPP values were then surrogated by the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). Four phenological phases were interpreted from the seasonal NDVI profiles: germination, green‐up, drying, and senescence. A significant difference between NDVI values of all physiographic units was found, mainly during the green‐up phase. NDVI values at peak season were characterized as typical of semiarid ecosystems, except those of the footslope and the channel, which were found to have meaningfully high NDVI values, due to run‐off distribution and a thick soil profile. The seasonal NDVI integral was related positively and linearly to model‐derived water availability values for all physiographic units and the NDVI was correlated to multiple‐timescale rainfall data and the length of dry spells. The 1‐month rainfall data were found to have the highest correlation with the NDVI, indicating lag and cumulative effects of rainfall on production. This implies that the time required for the plants to use the water for production is around a month. It is concluded that studies of ecosystem functioning and capabilities in semiarid environments should consider not only mean annual rainfall amounts, but also the temporal rainfall distribution, mainly on a monthly scale, and the effect of physiographic units. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Chronic Kidney Disease and its Effect on the lungs

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD), which is also referred to as chronic renal disease, refers to the gradual deterioration of kidney function that occurs over several months or years. Anyone whose glomerular filtration rate (GFR) has been less than 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 for at least three months is diagnosed with chronic kidney disease, regardless of whether or not there is any kidney damage present. Aim and objectives: to study the effect of chronic kidney disease on the pulmonary system, Subjects and methods: The study was performed on 40 patients with chronic kidney disease at Faculty of Medicine – Benha University , Result: There was significant differences between two groups as regard CBC, urea, creatinine, K and uric acid. There was insignificant differences between two groups as regard D dimer. There was a statically significant correlation between PE max % predictive and duration of illness and dialysis , temperature , Sat.O2, FVC ,Hb,WBCs , PLTT, urea , creatinine , INR, K, , uric acid and albumin. Conclusion: Awareness of the interrelatedness of respiratory and renal function is important in managing patients with diseases of both the lungs and the kidneys.
An efficient waveform inversion using the common mid-point gather in the wavenumber-space-time domain

As full waveform inversion (FWI) requires large computation time, a variety of techniques have been suggested to reduce the computational burden. In this study, we use wavenumber-space-time domain modelling, which directly generates common mid-point (CMP) gathers, to implement the FWI algorithm. The modelling technique, which is suitable for laterally invariant velocity models, synthesises CMP gathers efficiently by using limited wavenumber components, and therefore allows reduced computation time for FWI. To consider the accuracy as well as the efficiency of FWI, the Gauss-Newton method using the approximate Hessian matrix is chosen in this study. Rather than using all of the wavenumber components, our FWI algorithm can be accelerated by using only a few components. The wavenumber components can be chosen through an analysis of the residual wavefields. To validate the usefulness of our method, we first use a one-dimensional (1D) velocity model. From the 1D model example, we note that our FWI algorithm can be successful if given a reliable initial velocity model and sufficient data with a long offset distance. Even though our algorithm is valid for only horizontally layered velocity models, we apply our algorithm to a two-dimensional (2D) velocity model with lateral velocity variations. Through the 2D velocity example, we confirm that our FWI can be used to estimate subsurface structures with dipping interfaces if the dips are moderate and the structures can thus be considered to be locally flat. We introduce an efficient waveform inversion algorithm using common mid-point gathers. Since we perform both modelling and inversion in the wavenumber-space-time domain, it recovers only a one-dimensional velocity model. However, we can build a two-dimensional velocity model with moderate dips by assuming that reflectors are locally flat.
Home-Based Virtual Reality Exergame Program after Stroke Rehabilitation for Patients with Stroke: A Study Protocol for a Multicenter, Randomized Controlled Trial

It is essential for stroke patients to maintain their therapy even after discharging inpatient rehabilitation. This is because recovery is an ongoing process that requires consistent effort. Virtual reality exergame training (VRET) is becoming widely used in stroke rehabilitation to improve physical, social, and psychological outcomes. Home-based VRET may be a more convenient and accessible option for stroke rehabilitation. This study will aim to determine the effectiveness of home-based VRET for patients with stroke who have been discharged from the hospital. This trial will randomly assign 120 participants to 8 weeks of either a VRET (intervention group) or daily life (control group). The study will measure cardiopulmonary endurance, muscular strength, functional capacity, gait, activities of daily living, and quality of life. Our main objective is to determine whether it is safe for patients to undergo VRET at home after they have been discharged from the hospital with a doctor’s note. Additionally, we aim to examine whether stroke patients are capable of exercising at home after being discharged from the hospital. This study’s outcome could pave the way for developing more comprehensive exercise protocols for stroke patients. Our findings will provide valuable insights into the efficacy of VRET as a therapeutic tool for stroke patients.