Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effect of a hydrous phase on P‐wave velocity anisotropy within a detachment shear zone in the slow‐spreading oceanic crust: A case study from the Godzilla Megamullion, Philippine Sea

We studied the contributions of plagioclase, clinopyroxene, and amphibole to the P‐wave velocity properties of gabbroic mylonites of the Godzilla Megamullion (site KH07‐02‐D18) in the Parece Vela Rift of the central Parece Vela Basin, Philippine Sea, based on their crystal‐preferred orientations (CPOs), mineral modes, and elastic constants and densities of single crystals. The gabbroic mylonites have been classified into three types based on their microstructures and temperature conditions: HT1, HT2 and medium‐temperature (MT) mylonites. The P‐wave velocity properties of the HT1 mylonite are dominantly influenced by plagioclase CPOs. Secondary amphibole occurred after deformation in the HT1 mylonite, so that its effect on P‐wave velocity anisotropy is minimal due to weak CPOs. Although the HT2 mylonite developed deformation microstructures in the three minerals, the P‐wave velocity properties of the HT2 mylonite are essentially isotropic, resulting from the destructive interference of different P‐wave velocity anisotropy patterns produced by the distinct CPOs of the three constituent minerals (i.e., plagioclase, clinopyroxene, and amphibole). The P‐wave velocity properties of the MT mylonite are influenced mainly by amphibole CPOs, whereas the effect of plagioclase CPOs on P‐wave velocity anisotropy becomes very small with a decrease in the intensity of plagioclase CPOs. As a result, the gabbroic mylonites tend to have weak P‐wave velocity anisotropy in seismic velocity, although their constituent minerals show distinct CPOs. Such weakness in the whole‐rock P‐wave velocity anisotropy could result from the destructive contributions of the different mineral CPOs with respect to the structural framework (foliation and lineation). These results show that amphibole has a high potential for P‐wave velocity anisotropy by aligning both crystallographically and dimensionally during deformation in the hydrous oceanic crust. The results also suggest that the effect of a hydrous phase on P‐wave velocity anisotropy within the detachment shear zone in a slow‐spreading oceanic crust varies depending on the degree of deformation and on the timing of hydrothermal activity.
Dynamics of political information transmission: How media coverage informs public judgments about politics

Representative democracy requires that citizens know the facts about political performance, and if more such facts are available in the media, citizens have more opportunity to acquire them. In view of increasing media choice, such opportunity may vary from one individual media environment to another. However, it remains unclear how differences in information acquisition correspond with differences in the information available specifically in those sources that citizens choose to use on a routine basis. Drawing on data from a two-wave panel survey and media content analysis, this article examines if greater availability of performance-relevant information in the media facilitates acquisition of such information among those reliant on these media. It also examines when and how strongly this effect differs for people with different levels of learning motivation. Using a multilevel model, we find that citizens are more likely to learn facts about political performance when their preferred sources offer a greater quantity of performance-relevant information. We also find that motivation moderates the influence of availability, such that strongly motivated individuals gain comparatively the most from a greater supply of information. The implications of our findings for representative democracy are considered.
Factors inﬂuencing a conversion to organic farming in Nepalese tea farms

Organic agriculture in developing countries has increased in past decades especially due to the high demand of organic products in developed countries. The rate of conversion to organic production in Nepal, however, is observed much slower than expected. This study investigates factors that determine the conversion to organic production using Nepalese tea producers as a case study. A survey of 181 farmers was conducted in the Ilam and Panchthar district of Nepal, among which 86 were organic farmers and 95 were conventional farmers. A discriminant analysis was used to identify socio-economic characteristics that distinguish conventional and organic farmers. Results from the estimated discriminant function suggest that farmers located in a distance from regional markets, older in age, better trained, a ﬃ liated with institutions and having larger farms are more likely to adopt organic production. Similarly, a factor analysis shows that environmental awareness, bright market prospects, observable economic beneﬁt and health consciousness are the major factors inﬂuencing farmers’ decisions on the conversion to organic production. While planning programs for the development of the organic tea sector in Nepal, policy makers should consider the support of farmers’ institutions, provision of training to farmers and raise farmers’ awareness about the environmental, economic and health beneﬁts of organic farming.
Deep Learning Models for Analyzing Social Construction of Knowledge Online

Gunawardena et al.’s (1997) Interaction Analysis Model (IAM) is one of the most frequently employed frameworks to guide the qualitative analysis of social construction of knowledge online. However, qualitative analysis is time consuming, and precludes immediate feedback to revise online courses while being delivered. To expedite analysis with a large dataset, this study explores how two neural network architectures—a feed-forward network (Doc2Vec) and a large language model transformer (BERT)—could automatically predict phases of knowledge construction using IAM. The methods interrogated the extent to which the artificial neural networks’ predictions of IAM Phases approximated a human coder’s qualitative analysis. Key results indicate an accuracy of 21.55% for Doc2Vec phases I-V, 43% for fine-tuning a pre-trained large language model (LLM), and 52.79% for prompt-engineering an LLM. Future studies for improving accuracy should consider either training the models with larger datasets or focusing on the design of prompts to improve classification accuracy. Grounded on social constructivism and IAM, this study has implications for designing and supporting online collaborative learning where the goal is social construction of knowledge. Moreover, it has teaching implications for guiding the design of AI tools that provide beneficial feedback for both students and course designers.
Entrepreneur intention: bonding cognitive, bridging cognitive, entrepreneurial knowledge, subjective norms, perceived desirability, perceived feasibility, self-efficacy on student university in Surabaya

Introduction: Employment issues are still important in the development plan and the Indonesian economy. Indonesia's human resources quality is relatively low, and the unemployment rate is high. The high number of unemployed in Indonesia must continue to be studied, otherwise, the problem of poverty will increase. This study aimed to see what factors can influence entrepreneurial interest, researchers focus on bonding cognitive, and social capital, bridging cognitive social capital, entrepreneurial knowledge, subjective norms, self-efficacy, perceived desirability, and perceived feasibility of entrepreneurial intention. Methods: This quantitative research used purposive random sampling and collects data using a questionnaire distributed to 150 students in Surabaya. The research data obtained were then analyzed using Smart PLS. Results: The study results explained a positive and significant relationship between bonding cognitive social capital, bridging cognitive social capital, entrepreneurial knowledge, subjective norms, self-efficacy, perceived desirability, and feasibility of entrepreneurial intention. The outer loading of convergent validity was found >0.6 in all variables. The average variance extracted results were found >0.5 with significant hypothesis testing results (p-value≤0.05) in all variables. Conclusion: Cognitive bonding and bridging have a significant influence on subjective norms. The same influence was found in entrepreneurial knowledge on subjective norms, subjective norms on perceived desirability and feasibility, and self-efficacy on perceived feasibility.
The Interactive Eﬀect of Covid -19 Pandemic, Political Cost, and Executive Compensation on Earnings Management

This study investigates whether the COVID-19 pandemic, government Covid aids and incentive policies, and executive compensation aﬀected the quality of the reported earnings in the leisure and hospitality industry. The pattern of changes in the Discretiona ry Accrual, DACC, was used as a proxy for the quality of reported earnings. It was examined whether this pattern changed during COVID-19 and was aﬀected by government aid policies and executive compensation. An empirical analysis of 324 American leisure and travel industry data was conducted using multiple regression analysis for the pre-Pandemic period of 2018-2019 and the Pandemic period of 2020-2021. The results indicate that the pattern of DACC changed during the Pandemic period, and ﬁrms engaged in i ncome-decreasing earnings management (EM). Furthermore, the change in the pattern was signiﬁcantly aﬀected by government aid and incentives policies and executive compensation.
Macroprudential stance assessment: problems of measurement and literature review*

This survey contributes to the work on macroprudential policy stance assessment in three ways. Firstly, for the first time in literature, it gives a comprehensive review of related theoretical and empirical research that try to define and measure the policy stance. Main findings are summarized with respect to important criteria such as variable definition, policy instruments, and extensions of the methodology or overcoming some existing issues. Secondly, it reviews advantages and shortfalls of several streams of research, to point out which progress has been made so far, and what are the challenges that need we need to overcome. In order to fully operationalise the framework in which the policymakers can estimate the overall effects of macroprudential policy on future economic growth, we need to improve certain aspects of the framework itself. Thirdly, this survey extensively analyses issues regarding macroprudential policy variable, with a discussion on its definition, intensity adjustment, and overcoming the usual policy endogeneity issue, among others.
Role of leadership management and organizational work culture on electronic medical records in the Indonesian health service sector

Introduction An international trend in health care is the use of information technology, particularly electronic medical records (EMR). Electronic medical records are increasingly being filled out incorrectly, which does not reflect a standard implementation. In the meantime, the number of pandemic victims increases each month. The goal of this study was to examine the importance of human resources, infrastructure, leadership, governance, and organizational work culture in the implementation of electronic medical records. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study utilizing a quantitative descriptive methodology and was statistically evaluated using the Partial Least Square technique (PLS), a part of variant-based Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Convergent and discriminant validity of the indicators and composite reliability for indicator blocks were used to evaluate the measurement or Outer Model with reflecting indicators. Results: The findings showed that positive EMR readiness was primarily associated with male officers who were 36 to 42 years old, had a university degree, and had been employed for more than five years. T-statistic values for organizational work culture and leadership management are 3.077 and 2.218, respectively, with means greater than 1.96. Meanwhile, the means for infrastructure and human resources are 1.96 and 0.942, respectively. Conclusion: Organizational work culture and leadership management have a significant effect on EMR readiness in hospitals compared to human resources and infrastructure with opposite results.
LONG-TERM COLLOID MOBILIZATION AND COLLOID-FACILITATED TRANSPORT OF RADIONUCLIDES IN A SEMI-ARID VADOSE ZONE

The main purpose of this project was to improve the fundamental mechanistic understanding and quantification of long-term colloid mobilization and colloid-facilitated transport of radionuclides in the vadose zone, with special emphasis on the semi-arid Hanford site. While we focused some of the experiments on hydrogeological and geochemical conditions of the Hanford site, many of our results apply to colloid and colloid-facilitated transport in general. Specific objectives were (1) to determine the mechanisms of colloid mobilization and colloid-facilitated radionuclide transport in undisturbed Hanford sediments under unsaturated flow, (2) to quantify in situ colloid mobilization and colloid-facilitated radionuclidetransport from Hanford sediments under field conditions, and (3) to develop a field-scale conceptual and numerical model for colloid mobilization and transport at the Hanford vadose zone, and use that model to predict long-term colloid and colloid- facilitated radionuclide transport. To achieve these goals and objectives, we have used a combination of experimental, theoretical, and numerical methods at different spatial scales, ranging from microscopic investigationsof single particle attachment and detachment to larger-scale field experiments using outdoor lysimeters at the Hanford site. Microscopic and single particle investigations provided fundamental insight into mechanisms of colloid interactions with the air-water interface. We could show that a moving airmore » water interface (such as a moving water front during infiltration and drainage) is very effective in removing and mobilizing particles from a stationary surface. We further demonstrated that it is particularly the advancing air-water interface which is mainly responsible for colloid mobilization. Forces acting on the colloids calculated from theory corroborated our experimental results, and confirm that the detachment forces (surface tension forces) during the advancing air-water interface movement were stronger than during the receding movement. Theory indicates that, for hydrophilic colloids, the advancing interface movement generally exerts a stronger detachment force than the receding, except when the hysteresis of the colloid-air-water contact angle is small. These results of our study are particularly relevant for colloid mobilization and transport related to three process in the vadose zone at Hanford: (1) water infiltration into sediments during rainfall or snowmelt events, (2) groundwater fluctuations as caused by river stage fluctuations, and (3) steady-state, low-flow recharge in deep vadose zone sediments. Transient water flow, like during infiltration or groundwater level fluctuations, are most conducive for colloid mobilization, but even during steady-state, low-flow recharge, colloids can be mobile, although to a much lesser extent. The results of this project have led to a comprehensive and fundamental understanding of colloid transport and mobilization under unsaturated flow conditions at the Hanford site. « less
ASPECTS OF THE PREVALENCE OF DIABETES IN THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO: RESULTS FROM A RETROSPECTIVE SURVEY IN KATANGA PROVINCE

Context The World Health Organization (WHO) calls for the development of the epidemic prevalence of diabetes in the world and highlights its dramatic impact in countries with a strong socio-economic transition. Indeed, several factors favor the rapid emergence of diabetes as well as obesity: changes in dietary habits, alcohol, change of lifestyle with increasing sedentary lifestyle (car, city life, lack of interest in work in the field, etc. .). Goal The objective of this work was to determine the aspects of diabetes prevalence in the last six years in Katanga Province, Democratic Republic of Congo. Methods It was a transversal retrospective study conducted from May to July 2015 the Provincial Health Division in Lubumbashi (DR Congo). Data archival records of the years from 2009 to 2014, helped to collect information on the prevalence of diabetes. Results In general, a change in the prevalence of diabetes as the number of inhabitants of the province of Katanga was found. In 2010 the prevalence of diabetes highest was recorded, with a number of inhabitants in the highest compared with other years of the study. This last year has been followed by the year 2014 in a population of 10,553,536 inhabitants. In 2012, there was a low number of inhabitants, but with a prevalence of diabetes ranked third by comparing six years of study. Conclusion Katanga The calculated prevalence of diabetes in the province varies according to years and the number of the enumerated population Katangese. A greater prevalence was found in the course of 2010
Data assimilation for fault slip monitoring and short-term prediction of slow slip events: an application to the 2010 long-term slow slip event in the Bungo Channel

Monitoring and predicting fault slip behaviors in subduction zones are essential for understanding earthquake cycles and assessing future earthquake potential. We developed a data assimilation (DA) method for fault slip monitoring and short-term prediction of slow slip events (SSEs), which was applied to the 2010 Bungo Channel SSE in southwest Japan. The observed geodetic data were quantitatively explained using a physics-based model with DA. We investigated short-term predictability by assimilating observation data with limited periods. Without prior constraint on fault slip style, observations solely during slip acceleration predicted the occurrence of a fast slip; however, the inclusion of slip deceleration data successfully predicted a slow transient slip. With prior constraint to exclude unstable slip, the assimilation of data after the SSE occurrence predicted a slow transient slip. This study provided a tool using DA for fault slip monitoring and prediction based on real observation data.
But which skills? Natural Language Processing tools and the identification of high-demand skills in online job advertisements

Skills assessment is essential for today’s labour market. There are many factors that change the requirements for the workplace. More than ever, it is important to monitor which skills are in high demand so that workers stay employed and companies do not lose productivity. This research discusses the relevance of data from online job portals for this task. It then uses a skill extractor in online job advertisements from Chile to identify and extract the skills employers place in their online job advertisements through skills dictionaries. The study shows modest results when using the European Skills, Competences and Occupations (ESCO) dictionary but an enhanced and much-improved result when adding an inductively constructed dictionary of the national labour market. Using this method would allow a new input of information to be incorporated into labour market information systems that would enable better decisions to be made by the various actors in the labour market.
Single Nucleotide Variants Associated with Colorectal Cancer Among Iranian Patients: A Narrative Review and

: Colorectal cancer has been considered as one of the complicated multi-stage processes after adenoma-carcinoma sequence. Therefore, studies of the molecular dysregulation basis could present information on the recognition of the potent biomarkers and treatment targets for this disease. Even though outcomes of the patients with colorectal cancer have been improved largely with current annual screening plans, it is necessary to have reliable prognostic biomarkers because of the disease heterogeneity. There is a signi ﬁ cant relationship between SNP in IL1RN* 2 (IL1ra), − 509 C/T (TGFB1), rs11556218 T>G and rs4778889 T/C (IL16), miRNA-binding site polymorphisms in IL16, rs4464148 (SMAD7), rs6983267 (EGF), GSTT1, TACG haplotype (CTLA4), 1793G> A (MTHFR), Leu/Leu genotype of (EXO1), − 137 G/C (IL18), C/T genotype (XRCC3), I3434T (XRCC7), MGMT, C3435T (MDR1), ff genotype of FokI, 677CT+TT (MTHFR), G2677T/A (MDR1) and CRC. Increased risk has been observed in VDR ApaI genotype “ aa ” . Finally, the protective effect has been explored in the TACA haplotype (CTLA4). According to the ﬁ ndings, the genetic polymorphisms in the immunity-associated genes are related to the CRC amongst the Iranian patients. Therefore, more large-scale functional investigations are necessary for con ﬁ rming the results. methyltransferase; DNMT1, methyl transferase 1; PCR-RFLP, polymerase chain reaction – restriction fragment length polymorphism; ARMS, ampli ﬁ cation-refractory mutation system.
Optimizing Wildfire Prevention through the Integration of Prescribed Burning into ‘Fire-Smart’ Land-Use Policies

Integrating fire into land management is crucial in fire-prone regions. To evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of prescribed fire (PF), we employed the REMAINS model in NW Iberia’s Transboundary Biosphere Reserve Gerês-Xurés. We tested three levels of prescribed fire treatment effort for shrubland and grassland, employing three spatial allocation strategies: random distribution, prioritization in high-wildfire-risk zones, and creating fuel breaks by utilizing the existing road network. These approaches were assessed in isolation and in combination with three land-use scenarios: Business-as-usual (representing rural abandonment trends), High Nature Value farmland (reversing farmland abandonment), and Fire-Smart forest management (promoting fire-resistant landscapes). Our results confirm that PF is effective in reducing future wildfires (reductions up to 36%), with leverage values ranging from 0.07 to 0.45. Strategic spatial allocation, targeting wildfire-risk areas and existing road networks, is essential for maximizing prescribed fire’s efficiency (leverage effort of 0.32 and 0.45; i.e., approximately 3 ha of PF decrease subsequent wildfire by 1 ha). However, the PF treatments yield the best efficiency when integrated into land-use policies promoting ‘fire-smart’ landscapes (reaching leverage values of up to 1.78 under policies promoting ‘HNVf and ‘fire-smart’ forest conversion). These recommendations strengthen wildfire prevention and enhance landscape resilience in fire-prone regions.
Spontaneous posterior cervical epidural hematoma: A case report

Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma (SSEH) is a rare neurological emergency affecting the spinal cord. The etiology of SSEH is unknown, but it may occur due to using anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents, which are commonly used to treat vascular diseases. Because of its rarity and non-specific initial symptoms, early and accurate diagnosis can be difficult, potentially negatively impacting a patient's survival and quality of life. In this report, we present the case of a young male patient with SSEH who had no comorbidities, did not use anticoagulants, and presented with sudden-onset neck pain without predisposing factors. Regarding survival and prognosis, postoperative patient follow-up is equally important as prompt diagnosis and treatment of SSEH.