Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A revised single-cell transcriptomic atlas of Xenopus embryo reveals new differentiation dynamics

This paper introduces an updated single-cell atlas for pivotal developmental stages in Xenopus, encompassing gastrulation, neurulation, and early tailbud. Notably surpassing its predecessor, the new atlas enhances gene mapping, read counts, and gene/cell type nomenclature. Leveraging the latest Xenopus tropicalis genome version, alongside advanced alignment pipelines and machine learning for cell type assignment, this release maintains consistency with previous cell type annotations while rectifying nomenclature issues. Employing an unbiased approach for cell type assignment proves especially apt for embryonic contexts, given the considerable number of non-terminally differentiated cell types. An alternative cell type attribution here adopts a fuzzy, non-deterministic stance, capturing the transient nature of early embryo progenitor cells by presenting an ensemble of types in superposition. The value of the new resource is emphasized through numerous examples, with a focus on previously unexplored germ cell populations where we uncover novel transcription onset features. Offering interactive exploration via a user-friendly web portal and facilitating complete data downloads, this atlas serves as a comprehensive and accessible reference.
Blinking as a measurement of group vigilance in red deer Cervus elaphus and fallow deer Dama dama

The group vigilance hypothesis suggests animals within a group have a lower overall vigilance level than solitary individuals due to the collective responsibility of predator detection. Previous methods of studying vigilance have used head position as a proxy to indicate a state of vigilance, but it has been suggested that this method is too ambiguous, and the observer cannot accurately ascertain the exact behavioural state of the focal animal. Here, we consider blinking as a proxy for vigilance, as the eye-closure during a blink momentarily reduces the animal’s information about the environment, increasing the risk of unanticipated predator attack. We videoed semi-captive herds of red deer Cervus elaphus and fallow deer Dama dama, and quantified their blinking behaviour using behavioural logging software. We show that blink rate decreased with increasing group size in both species, suggesting that blinking may be tied with social vigilance rather than anti-predator vigilance. Similarly, the length of the inter-blink interval increased with increasing group size in red deer. Male red deer blinked less than females, and had longer inter-blink intervals, which suggests that blinking may be related to sex-specific behaviour. We discuss the suitability of blinking measures for assessing vigilance behaviour.
IP-Based Credit Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks

Ad-hoc wireless network is a collection of wireless mobile nodes forming a temporary network without any centralized administration. Here, each node operates not only as a host but also as a router. Mobile ad-hoc networking has been an active research area for several years. However, the different routing problems and the cooperation among selfish mobile nodes are not well addressed yet by the existing protocols. This paper proposes a new credit-based secure system for mobile ad-hoc network, where every node has a unique IP address. It also provides incentives for mobile nodes to cooperate on the network services. Moreover compared to previous approaches, this system does not require any tamper-poof hardware at any node to validate its authenticity.
Combined process of biological contact oxidation and aquatic vegetable wetland for algae anaerobically digested effluent treatment

The effect and mechanism of a contact oxidation and aquatic vegetable wetland process were studied to treat the Anaerobically Digested Effluent of Algae of Taihu Lake with high carbon,nitrogen,and phosphorus.The results show that the contact oxidation tank reduces the inlet load of the subsequent aquatic vegetables wetland,and the chemical oxygen demand ρ(COD),ammonia nitrogen ρ(NH3-N),total nitrogen ρ(TN),and total phosphorus ρ(TP) of the average effluent of the combined process are less than 50,1.5,5.9 and 0.5 mg/L,respectively,which all achieve the first standard of GB 18918—2002.GC-MS analysis results demonstrate that organic pollutants of the slurry can be removed effectively during the combined process,biochemical treatment of the contact oxidation tank has a good performance in dealing with alkane pollutants,aromatic hydrocarbons and heterocyclicthe compounds.Observed by SEM,it is found that ipomoea aquatica roots have huge surface area for the enrichment of microorganisms and the interception of organic matters.The content of microcystins in the effluent is below 0.3 μg/L after the combined process.The synergistic degradation of the enriched microbes in contact oxidation and aquatic vegetable wetland is the main reason for microcystins removal.
Improving an Incomplete Road Network given a Budget Constraint

In this research, we look for savings that can be obtained when a (public) transport company or a logistic player has the ability to discuss road network improvements with the tra c manager. We assume that there is a xed budget available to improve a road network. Within this given budget, the logistic player can suggest a set of adjustments in the network to the tra c manager. In this research, three di erent improvements are considered. The rst improvement is (re-)opening an existing road that was currently closed for the vehicles of the logistic player. This existing road might be for example a pedestrian street which will be (re-)opened for the logistic player. Another possibility is to widen a road between two locations, while the third possibility is the transformation of a road into a one-way street with a higher speed. The main goal of this research is to develop a procedure to nd the best set of improvements in an existing road network, which minimizes the total travel time of the vehicles of the logistic player in the network. The construction of routes for the vehicles of the logistic player can be seen as variant of the Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP). In this variant, the considered network is incomplete, which means that a direct path is not always available between each pair of locations. Furthermore, only a selection of the known customers has a positive demand and should be served by a vehicle. This variant is called the Steiner Vehicle Routing Problem (SVRP) and is introduced in [1]. Note that in the SVRP, only the routing of the customers is considered, which means that the determination of the best set of improvements is not included. In order to determine the best set improvements of a road network, we introduce the Steiner Vehicle Routing Problem with a Budget Constraint (SVRPBC). Since the group of known customers with a positive demand varies from day to day, this best set of improvements is determined over a set of days. Based on the mathematical formulation for the SVRP, presented in [1], we introduce a Mixed Integer Programming formulation for the SVRPBC. To solve the SVRPBC for instances of realistic size, we present two di erent heuristics. The rst heuristic is an extension of the Two-Phase Heuristic to determine the best single improvement of an incomplete road network, presented in [1]. This Extended Two-Phase Heuristic (ETPH) consists of the same two phases as the Two-Phase Heuristic, the construction phase and the analysis phase.
Enhancing Region-Based Geometric Embedding for Gene-Disease Associations

In recent times, Geometric Knowledge Graph Embedding (KGE) methods that focus on regions have proven valuable for effectively representing structured knowledge, such as ontologies, in various reasoning tasks. Nevertheless, transforming the richly expressive semantics present in ontologies may require a transition to less expressive interim representations before initiating the actual embedding process. In our research, we explore current approaches and offer recommendations to enhance the state-of-the-art, drawing from extensive experiments conducted on the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) for predicting gene-disease (g-d) associations. Our findings indicate that incorporating these new suggestions can lead to results that outperform other leading KGE models.
Utilization of health care services by pregnant mothers during delivery: a community based study in Nigeria.

OBJECTIVE Poor utilization of health facilities during delivery by pregnant mothers is still a major cause of maternal and childhood morbidity and mortality in Nigeria. The aim of this study was to determine the level of utilization of health care services by pregnant women during delivery in Gokana Local Government Area of River State, Nigeria. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a cross-sectional, questionnaire; based study involving 112 mothers aged 15 years to 49 years from Gokana Local Government Area of Rivers State, Nigeria. The local Government Area has 12 health centres and 6 health centres were selected by multistage sampling. 112 were then selected by simple random sampling. RESULTS Of the 112 mothers interviewed 91 (81.3%) were married, 13 (11.6%) were single, 5 (4.5%) were widows, 2 (1.8%) divorced and 1 (0.9%) separated. Ninety seven (86.6%) of these mothers (n = 112) had formal education while 15 (13.4%) had no formal education. Most 42 (37.5%) of the mothers were between 25-29 years. Sixty four (57.1%) of the 112 mothers in their recent delivery used a health facility while 48 (42.9%) did not. Factors responsible for non utilization of health facility for delivery include: Long distance to health facility 33 (68.7%), onset of labour at night 40 (83.3%), unavailability of means of transportation 37 (77.1%), Lack of money for transportation 26 (54.2%), unsatisfactory services at health facility 26 (54.2%), unfriendly attitude of staff of the health facility 34 (70.8%), unavailability of staff at health facility 32 (64.0%), lack of urgency at health facility 36 (75.0%), previous uneventful delivery at the health facility 32 (66.7%). CONCLUSION Utilization of health care services during delivery in Nigeria is still poor. Concerted efforts should be made both at community and Government levels to improve utilization of health facility during delivery. This will go a long way in reducing maternal and child mortality.
Baltic Forum for Innovative Technologies for Sustainable Manure Management

Brokerage of new technologies and latest research insights for companies and scientists www.balticmanure. eu Part-fi nanced by the European Union (European Regional Development Fund) Baltic Manure will change the perception of manure from a waste to a resource product with business opportunities. Highlights of our work in progress are found in this folder. through technology innovation and marketing.
Navigator: A Gen-AI System for Discovery of Factual and Predictive Insights on Domain-Specific Tabular Datasets

We demonstrate a gen-AI-based question-answering system called Navigator, which allows business users to ask natural language questions and get answers based on domain-specific tabular datasets onboarded to the system. We develop a novel LLM-based approach to generate a sequence of data operations required to answer a given question, under a constrained functional space. We further extend this approach to allow natural language-based predictive insights generation. Benchmarking of the proposed approach with existing QA methods shows significant improvement in precision and recall of generated answers across multiple datasets.
THE MORAL STATUS OF ANIMALS

If ethical thinking is an evolutionary process, as Aldo Leopold, the father of modem environmental ethics, thought it was, 1 then today we stand at a crossroads in that discipline. Or is it instead, a dead end? For thousands, if not tens-of-thousands of years, human beings have despotically ruled the rest of the animal kingdom. Believing ourselves to be superior, other species were categorized as existing "merely as a means to an end," 2 a human end, that is. Animals, other than humans, held no moral status.3
This is a repository copy of The Impact of Community-Based Health Insurance on the Utilization of Medically Trained Healthcare Providers among Informal Workers in Bangladesh

We aimed to estimate the impact of a Community-Based Health Insurance (CBHI) scheme on utilization of healthcare from medically trained providers (MTP) by informal workers. A quasi-experimental study was conducted where insured households were included in the intervention group and uninsured households in comparison group. In total 1,292 (646 insured and 646 uninsured) households were surveyed from Chandpur district comprising urban and rural areas after 1 year period of CBH
Text-driven Video Manipulation with GPT4V

we compute the forward and backward flows F i → j and F j → i using RAFT [34]. We then use these two flow fields to compute the visibility masks by performing a forward-backward and backward-forward flow consistency error check. We also use the flows to warp the directly edited frames ( i.e . warp ( I editi , F j → i ) and warp ( I editj , F i → j ) ). We finally compute the photometric loss (Eqn. 4) for all possible pairs i and j .
Análise desenvolvimentista e do desempenho do salto vertical em escolares Developmental assessment and performance analysis of vertical jump in schoolchildren

Abstract – The vertical jump involves different levels of skill complexity and offers the indivi -dual a wide range of motor experiences. This study aimed to determine which movements in the developmental sequence performed by schoolchildren are associated with age and vertical jump performance. The sample consisted of 137 elementary school children of both sexes, aged 7-10y, with height of 1.19-1.63 m, and weight of 20-60 kg. All children were selected from first- to fourth-grade classrooms of a public school of the city of Maringa, state of Pa-rana, Brazil. A Gallahue & Ozmun matrix and a jumping platform were used as research instruments. During the experiment, each child performed three jumps. Simultaneous and coordinated upward arm lift was observed in 7-year-old children. Nine-year-old children showed inconsistent preparatory crouch and lack of coordination between upper limb and trunk/lower limb movements. A prevalence of upper limb motor acts was observed when considering the significant associations found between elements of the developmental sequence and vertical jump performance. In children aged 7-10y, age group and jumping performance are associated with elements of the developmental sequence of total body configuration, especially with regard to the upper limbs.
Distributional evidence for derivational paradigms

: This paper provides evidence from distributional semantics on the importance of paradigmatic relations in word formation systems. We argue that, if paradigmatic relations play a systemic role, that role should be measurable by examining whether pairs of lexemes derived from a common base (e.g. baker and bakery derived from bake ) have semantic properties that are more readily predictable from one another than they are from the semantics of the base. We implement that idea using statistical models that predict the distributional vector of a lexeme based on that of another lexeme in the same derivational family. Applying the method on French data, we show that some (but by no means all) pairs of derivational processes give rise to undisputably paradigmatic properties and hence provide evidence of a systemic role for paradigmatic relations.
Arbetsglädje bland anställda anhörigvårdare

Anhorigvard innebar att det i princip ar samma person som hela tiden ar huvudansvarig for vardinsatsen. I en tidigare artikel har visats att manga kommunalt anstallda anhorigvardare upplever bundenhet i sitt arbete. Har fokuseras i stallet arbetets ljusare sidor - forekomsten av gladje, stimulans och tillfredsstallelse. Analysen ger vid handen att franvaron av arbetsgladje bl.a. sammanhanger med upplevelsen av bundenhet. Samtidigt framkommer att en annan faktor har en annu mer avgorande betydelse: uppskattning fran omgivningen. Det visar det sig ocksd att kanslan av vara uppskattad ar relaterad till hur anhorigvardarnas ekonomiska situation forandrats sedan arbetet blev betalt.
Ethnic Disparities in Major Adverse Cardiac and Cerebrovascular Events (MACCEs) and Postoperative Outcomes Following Coronary Artery Bypass in Northeastern Iran (2007–2016)

Background: Turkmens are an ethnic group mainly living in northeastern Iran. Despite previous studies on coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) outcomes among different ethnicities, the effect of Turkmen ethnicity on outcomes of CABG surgery is still unknown. We aimed to assess the association between Turkmen ethnicity and postoperative outcomes following CABG. Methods: We used the CABG data from two heart centers in northeastern Iran between 2007 and 2016. We included adult patients undergoing CABG surgery. The study outcomes were in-hospital major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs), consisting of myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and cardiovascular death, and postoperative outcomes, including postoperative arrhythmia, acute atrial fibrillation (AF), major bleeding, and acute renal failure (ARF). Results: Over the course of one decade, 3632 patients, with an average age (standard deviation) of 59.0 (9.8) years, were studied. Of these, 3,331 patients were of non-Turkmen ethnicity, and 301 patients were Turkmens. According to adjusted analysis, ethnicity was not associated with MACCEs (OR: 1.15, 95 % CI: 0.61, 2.16; P=0.663), postoperative arrhythmia (OR: 1.10, 95% CI: 0.78, 1.54; P=0.588), acute AF (OR: 1.17, 95 % CI: 0.83, 1.66; P=0.359), major bleeding (OR: 1.21, 95 % CI: 0.55, 2.67; P=0.636), or ARF (OR: 2.60, 95 % CI: 0.60, 11.75, P=0.224). Conclusion: This study found that despite ethnic disparity and preoperative differences, Turkmen ethnicity was not associated with in-hospital MACCEs, AF, major bleeding, or ARF after coronary artery bypass.
the best seed sources ecosystem USFS lands

Native plant restoration policy calls for use of "genetically appropriate" native plant material on USDI Bureau of Land Management (BLM) and USDA Forest Service(USFS) lands. In this article, we summarize experimental evidence showing that local adaptation is widespread in all kingdoms of life, and how this "home-field advantage" has been exploited in forest restoration activities to develop and promote regionally adapted, genetically diverse restoration materials. The importance of such materials is highlighted in the context of changing environmental conditions, such as those predicted in future climate change scenarios. Although the adaptive properties of most restoration species remains unexamined, numerous tools exist for identifying similar environments and ecosystems, and these can be used to develop first-generation seed zones. Finally, general recommendations for establishing foundation populations are outlined so that pre-adapted populations retain sufficient genetic diversity to acclimate to new evolutionary challenges, while minimizing the likelihood of deleterious genetic outcomes (for example, inadvertent selection of undesirable traits; inbreeding depression).
Biofuel as an Integrated Farm Drainage Management crop: A bioeconomic analysis

Irrigated agricultural lands in arid regions often suffer from soil salinization and lack of drainage, which affect environmental quality and productivity. Integrated Farm Drainage Management (IFDM) systems, where drainage water generated from higher‐valued crops grown on high quality soils are used to irrigate salt‐tolerant crops grown on marginal soils, is one possible strategy for managing salinity and drainage problems. If the IFDM crop were a biofuel crop, both environmental and private benefits may be generated; however, little is known about this possibility. As such, we develop a bioeconomic programming model of irrigated agricultural production to examine the role salt‐tolerant biofuel crops might play within an IFDM system. Our results, generated by optimizing profits over land, water, and crop choice decisions subject to resource constraints, suggest that based on the private profits alone, biofuel crops can be a competitive alternative to the common practices of land retirement and nonbiofuel crop production under both low to high drainage water salinity. Yet IFDM biofuel crop production generates 30–35% fewer GHG emissions than the other strategies. The private market competitiveness coupled with the public good benefits may justify policy changes encouraging the growth of IFDM biofuel crops in arid agricultural areas globally.
Genomic hallmarks and therapeutic implications of cancer cell quiescence

London, UK 2 Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK 3 UCL Cancer Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, University College London, London, UK 4 Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK 5 Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK 6 Cell Cycle Control Team, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS), London, UK
Enabling Noninvasive Physical Assault Monitoring in Smart School with Commercial Wi-Fi Devices

Monitoring physical assault is critical for the prevention of juvenile delinquency and promotion of school harmony. A large portion of assault events, particularly school violence among teenagers, usually happen at indoor secluded places. Pioneering approaches employ always-on-body sensors or cameras in the limited surveillance area, which are privacy-invasive and cannot provide ubiquitous assault monitoring. In this paper, we present Wi-Dog, a noninvasive physical assault monitoring scheme that enables privacy-preserving monitoring in ubiquitous circumstances. Wi-Dog is based on widely deployed commodity Wi-Fi infrastructures. The key intuition is that Wi-Fi signals are easily distorted by human motions, and motion-induced signals could convey informative characteristics, such as intensity, regularity, and continuity. Specifically, to explicitly reveal the substantive properties of physical assault, we innovatively propose a set of signal processing methods for informative components extraction by selecting sensitive antenna pairs and subcarriers. Then a novel signal-complexity-based segmentation method is developed as a location-independent indicator to monitor targeted movement transitions. Finally, holistic analysis is employed based on domain knowledge, and we distinguish the violence process from both local and global perspective using time-frequency features. We implement Wi-Dog on commercial Wi-Fi devices and evaluate it in real indoor environments. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of Wi-Dog which consistently outperforms the advanced abnormal detection methods with a higher true detection rate of 94% and a lower false alarm rate of 8%.
ScholarWorks at University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana

It is a central claim of the literature on racial and ethnic disparities of care that socioeconomic and other variables do not fully explain these differences and that bias on the part of doctors also contributes importantly. By the same token, however, before a case for bias can be made, other explanations for observed disparities must be ruled out. Over the last two decades, this principle of exclusion has eroded. Documenting a change in the norms of the literature, the present article reviews a number of arguments that allege or suggest bias by doctors even while other explanations for disparities remain open. This practice is in evidence in the most influential work in the literature, the Institute of Medicine’s report Unequal Treatment (2003). In effect, Unequal Treatment altered the ground rules by making it possible to allege or suggest bias without abiding by the methodological (as well as ethical) requirements for so doing.