Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design of a specific peptide against phenolic glycolipid-1 from Mycobacterium leprae and its implications in leprosy bacilli entry

BACKGROUND Mycobacterium leprae, the causative agent of Hansen’s disease, causes neural damage through the specific interaction between the external phenolic glycolipid-1 (PGL-1) and laminin subunit alpha-2 (LAMA2) from Schwann cells. OBJECTIVE To design a LAMA2-based peptide that targets PGL-1 from M. leprae. METHODS We retrieved the protein sequence of human LAMA2 and designed a specific peptide using the Antimicrobial Peptide Database and physicochemical parameters for antimycobacterial peptide-lipid interactions. We used the AlphaFold2 server to predict its three-dimensional structure, AUTODOCK-VINA for docking, and GROMACS programs for molecular dynamics simulations. FINDINGS We analysed 52 candidate peptides from LAMA2, and subsequent screening resulted in a single 60-mer peptide. The mapped peptide comprises four β-sheets and a random coiled region. This peptide exhibits a 45% hydrophobic ratio, in which one-third covers the same surface. Molecular dynamics simulations show that our predicted peptide is stable in aqueous solution and remains stable upon interaction with PGL-1 binding. In addition, we found that PGL-1 has a preference for one of the two faces of the predicted peptide, which could act as the preferential binding site of PGL-1. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Our LAMA2-based peptide targeting PGL-1 might have the potential to specifically block this key molecule, suggesting that the preferential region of the peptide is involved in the initial contact during the attachment of leprosy bacilli to Schwann cells.
DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS IN PAEDIATRICS

: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is one of the most important emergencies in paediatric population. Children with diabetic ketoacidosis do not present clinically with the typical manifestations of polydipsia, polyurea, polyphagia, confusion, abdominal pain, vomiting, and dyspnoea adults. Therefore, a high index of suspicion should be there for appropriate timely diagnosis and management of this condition among paediatric age group. The most common risk factors for paediatric ketoacidosis are infection, incompliance with insulin regimen, and psychological stress. Though the most important laboratory tests for diagnosis of DKA in children are the blood glucose level and arterial blood gases, many other lab tests can help confirmation of the diagnosis, predicting the outcome, and monitoring of treatment. The mainstay treatment lines are insulin therapy and correction of hypovolemia. Electrolyte imbalance and cardiac monitoring are fundamental during the management plan, This article will discuss the epidemiology, aetiology, risk factors, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of diabetic ketoacidosis in paediatric population.
HSOA Journal of Surgery : Current Trends & Innovations Case Report

Vascular anomalies are the most common congenital malformations. They are classified into two broad categories based on their endothelial characteristics: Vascular tumors and vascular malformations. Vascular tumors are characterized by endothelial proliferation. The most common vascular tumors are hemangiomas. Current management of infantile and congenital hemangiomas is presented in this review. Figure 1: Untreated infantile hemangioma on right thigh in plateau phase. Citation: Shahzad F, Gangopadhyay N, Zuberi J (2018) Current Management of Hemangiomas. J Surg Curr Trend Innov 2: 007.
CX 3 CR1 + CD115 + CD135 + common macrophage/DC precursors and the role of CX 3 CR1 in their response to infl ammation

CX 3 CR1 expression is associated with the commitment of CSF-1R + myeloid precursors to the macrophage/dendritic cell (DC) lineage. However, the relationship of the CSF-1R + CX 3 CR1 + macrophage/DC precursor (MDP) with other DC precursors and the role of CX 3 CR1 in macrophage and DC development remain unclear. We show that MDPs give rise to conventional DCs (cDCs), plasmacytoid DCs (PDCs), and monocytes, including Gr1 + infl ammatory monocytes that differentiate into TipDCs during infection. CX 3 CR1 defi ciency selectively impairs the recruitment of blood Gr1 + monocytes in the spleen after transfer and during acute Listeria monocytogenes infection but does not affect the development of monocytes, cDCs, and PDCs.
Heart Failure Cardiac G-Protein–Coupled Receptor Kinase 2 Ablation Induces a Novel Ca Handling Phenotype Resistant to Adverse Alterations and Remodeling After Myocardial Infarction

cardiomyocytes from wild-type and GRK2 knockout (GRK2KO) mice without (sham) or with myocardial infarction (MI). In cardiac myocytes isolated from unstressed wild-type and GRK2KO hearts, myocyte contractions and Ca transients were similar, but GRK2KO myocytes had lower sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca content because of increased sodium-Ca exchanger activity and inhibited SR Ca ATPase by local protein kinase A–mediated activation of phosphodiesterase 4 resulting in hypophosphorylated phospholamban. This Ca handling phenotype is explained by a higher fractional SR Ca release induced by increased L-type Ca channel currents. After -adrenergic stimulation, GRK2KO myocytes revealed significant increases in contractility and Ca transients, which were not mediated through cardiac L-type Ca channels but through an increased SR Ca . Interestingly, post-MI GRK2KO mice showed better cardiac function than post-MI control mice, which is explained by an improved Ca handling phenotype. The SR Ca content was better maintained in post-MI GRK2KO myocytes than in post-MI control myocytes because of better-maintained L-type Ca channel current density and no increase in sodium-Ca exchanger in GRK2KO myocytes. An L-type Ca channel blocker, verapamil, reversed some beneficial effects of GRK2KO. Conclusions—These data argue for novel differential regulation of L-type Ca channel currents and SR load by GRK2. G-protein–coupled receptor kinase 2 ablation represents a novel beneficial Ca handling phenotype resisting adverse
Identification and Characterization of TMI-1, a Novel Dual TACE/MMP Inhibitor for the Treatment of RA

TNF- α is a well-validated therapeutic target for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. TNF- α is initially synthesized as a 26-kDa membrane-bound form (pro-TNF) that is cleaved by a Zn-metalloprotease named TNF- α converting enzyme (TACE) to generate the 17 kDa, soluble, mature TNF- α . TACE inhibitors that prevent the secretion of soluble TNF- α may be effective in treating RA patients. Using a structure-based design approach, we have identified a novel dual TACE/MMP inhibitor 4-[[4-(2-butynyloxy)phenyl]sulfonyl]-N-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl- (3 S )-thiomorpholinecarboxamide (TMI-1). This molecule inhibits TACE and several MMPs with nanomolar IC 50s in vitro. In cell-based assays such as monocyte cell lines, human primary monocytes, and human whole blood, it inhibits LPS- induced TNF- α secretion at submicromolar concentrations, while there is no effect on the TNF- α mRNA level as judged by RNAase protection assay. The inhibition of LPS-induced TNF- α secretion is selective since TMI-1 has no effect on the secretion of other pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1 β , IL-6, and IL-8. Importantly, TMI-1 potently inhibits TNF- α secretion by human synovium tissue explants of RA patients. In vivo, TMI-1 is highly effective in reducing clinical severity scores in mouse prophylactic CIA at 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg p.o. b.i. d. and therapeutic CIA model at 100 mg/kg p.o. b.i. d. In summary, TMI-1, a dual TACE/MMP inhibitor, represents a unique class of orally bioavailable small molecule TNF inhibitors that may be effective and beneficial for treating RA. Here we report the discovery of a potent, orally bioavailable, dual TACE/MMP inhibitor, (3S)-thiomorpholine-carboxamide Structure-based design led to this sulfonamide-hydroxamate inhibitor of TACE which has a P1’ moiety that provides increased potency against TACE, both in enzyme and cellular assays. This compound inhibits TACE with an IC 50 of 8.4 nM. It also inhibits several MMPs including MMP-1, -7, -9, -13, and -14 with nM activity. In various cell-based assays, including human whole blood, it inhibits LPS-induced TNF- α secretion at submicromolar concentrations while it has no effect on the TNF- α mRNA level as judged by RNAase protection assays. Furthermore, TMI-1 potently inhibits spontaneous TNF- α secretion by human synovium tissue explants of RA patients. In vivo, TMI-1 has been demonstrated to be highly effective in reducing LPS-induced TNF- α secretion in mouse serum and clinical severity scores in both prophylactic and therapeutic mouse CIA models. Taken together , TMI-1, a dual TACE/MMP inhibitor, represents a unique class of orally active small molecules that may be effective and beneficial for treating RA.
Fault diagnosis in phased array antennas using a ﬁxed probe and antenna excitation optimization element failure of a

—We present techniques for solving the problem of detecting element failures in phased array antennas by using a combination of a single ﬁxed probe and an optimization of element excitations using principles derived from compressive sensing. This departs signiﬁcantly from conventional techniques where the excitations are held constant and probes are instead moved spatially to collect measurements. Doing so helps us to accomplish two objectives with regards to successful fault diagnosis. First, we achieve a reduction in the number of measurements required compared to the state of the art; this reduction is particularly signiﬁcant in the case of high- noise measurements where existing methods fail. Second, our techniques solve the problem of fault diagnosis in the case of real valued measurements (i.e. intensity measurement along with phase detection instead of phase measurement), which leads to simpler measurement hardware. We use nonconvex optimization algorithms to generate numerical results in support of our conclusions.
Single SH guided wave mode generation method for PPM EMATs

Using periodic permanent magnet (PPM) electromagnetic acoustic transducers (EMATs), different shear horizontal (SH) guided wave modes can form simultaneously in some situations, which can interfere with the inspection. The main cause of this phenomenon (typically named multiple modes) is related to the frequency bandwidth of excitation signals and the transducer spatial bandwidth. Simply narrowing the frequency bandwidth cannot effectively limit the number of different SH modes. Previous researches showed that unnecessary SH wave modes can be eliminated by using dual EMATs. However, in practical applications, it is more convenient to change the excitation frequency than to use dual EMATs. In this paper, the stress boundary conditions of the PPM-EMAT are analyzed, the analytical expression of SH guided wave is established, and the magnitude of SH guided wave mode under continuous tone and tone-burst input is obtained. A method to generate a single SH mode by re-selecting an operating point is proposed. Furthermore, the influence of the frequency bandwidth of the tone-burst signal is analyzed. Finally, a single SH mode excitation is achieved with tone-burst input.
Marketing of electric vehicles

Substituting electric vehicles fortraditional ones could reduce localpollution and greenhouse emissions fromthe transportation system. However,these societal benefits come at high coststo the owner of the EV in terms of price,driving range, availability, loadingcapacity, speed and acceleration. Inaddition, the usability of an EV ishampered by the lack of aninfrastructure for recharging. Such aproduct hardly sells itself to potentialcustomers. Besides supportive nationalpolicies, skillful marketing is needed toget it accepted and diffused throughoutsociety. This paper outlines a two-phasestrategy for the marketing of EVs basedon a discussion of current and expectedfuture characteristics of EVs and on areview of research on early adopters.Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons,Ltd and ERP Environment.
420 nm thick CH3NH3PbI3−xBrx capping layers for efficient TiO2 nanorod array perovskite solar cells

The rutile TiO2 nanorod arrays with 240 nm in length, 30 nm in diameter, and 420μm−2 in areal density were prepared by the hydrothermal method to replace the typical 200–300 nm thick mesoporous TiO2 thin films in perovskite solar cells. The CH3NH3PbI3−x Br x capping layers with different thicknesses were obtained on the TiO2 nanorod arrays using different concentration PbI2·DMSO complex precursor solutions in DMF and the photovoltaic performances of the corresponding solar cells were compared. The perovskite solar cells based on 240 nm long TiO2 nanorod arrays and 420 nm thick CH3NH3PbI3−x Br x capping layers showed the best photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) of 15.56% and the average PCE of 14.93±0.63% at the relative humidity of 50%–54% under the illumination of simulated AM 1.5 sunlight ( 100mW·cm−2 ).
Investigation of the place attachment process in neighborhood with a cognitive psychological approach(Case study: The Gharebaghis' neighborhood of Tabriz)

The key issue in the design of today’s living spaces is the cognitive and socio psychological gap towards individual and social needs of today's human. Place attachment as a quality of urban space has a kind of product-oriented output and requires careful attention to the stages and process of attachment. In the analysis of this process, familiarity with cognitive structures and novel research methods in the field of cognitive psychology, provide designers with valuable information. The main aim of this study is to investigate the role of cognitive psychology approach in the process-oriented study of place attachment. The research tries to address the issue that "how does the process-oriented model is realized in place attachment with an approach of cognitive psychology? ". Research is a combination of qualitative (interview) and quantitative (questionnaire) methods. In order to determine the appropriate number of participants, first a pretest was performed as a pilot study on 40 residents of the neighborhood and after the estimation of variance for the initial sample (S) at the confidence level of 95%, the number of the sample was increased to 297. The findings of this study suggest that the most influential criterion on the attachment of residents, is the affect (0.97) dimension; Behavior (0.86) is the second and cognition (0.74) is the third one identified in terms of process dimensions. This research introduces influential criteria in the promotion of affective, cognitive, and behavioral dimensions of the place attachment process and also investigates the effectiveness degree of each dimension.
A Novel Design of Low Energy Oscillator Based Ultrasound Sensor Edge for Intravascular Applications with C MUT Technology

: Aim-Capacitive micro-machined ultrasonic transducer (CMUT) is a transducer where the energy transduction is due to change in capacitance. This paper proposed an oscillator based ultrasonic sensors can be mainly used to intravascular applications and other medical field applications such as liver, stomach, liver, heart, tendons, muscles and joints. The readout circuits are validated with a capacitive micro machined ultrasonic transducer and a current-to-frequency chip. The CMOS CMUTs are integrated with a current amplifier circuit on the same chip and the current-to-frequency chip provides the current-to frequency readout interface. Ultrasound waves does not use any ionizing radiation, has no known harmful effects and provides a clear images of soft tissues that don’t show up well on x-ray images, thus there is no radiation exposure to the patient. The ultrasound is usually between 2 and 18MHz and also higher frequencies provide better and clear quality images. The ultrasound images are captured in real-time; they can show the structure and movement of the body's internal organs, as well as blood flowing through blood vessels. The current amplifier is utilized and integrated with the CMUT cells to minimize the parasitic capacitance. Relaxation oscillators with injection locking are employed to attain low-power consumption. Also, the instance-based output signal can be further digitized with a time-to digital converter. Both chips are fabricated in an 180nm CMOS MEMS process technology. The CMUTs are designed with 1MHz to 4MHz cells for intravascular diagnosis applications.
3D printed soft parallel actuator

This paper presents a 3-dimensional (3D) printed soft parallel contactless actuator for the first time. The actuator involves an electro-responsive parallel mechanism made of two segments namely active chain and passive chain both 3D printed. The active chain is attached to the ground from one end and constitutes two actuator links made of responsive hydrogel. The passive chain, on the other hand, is attached to the active chain from one end and consists of two rigid links made of polymer. The actuator links are printed using an extrusion-based 3D-Bioplotter with polyelectrolyte hydrogel as printer ink. The rigid links are also printed by a 3D fused deposition modelling (FDM) printer with acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) as print material. The kinematics model of the soft parallel actuator is derived via transformation matrices notations to simulate and determine the workspace of the actuator. The printed soft parallel actuator is then immersed into NaOH solution with specific voltage applied to it via two contactless electrodes. The experimental data is then collected and used to develop a parametric model to estimate the end-effector position and regulate kinematics model in response to specific input voltage over time. It is observed that the electroactive actuator demonstrates expected behaviour according to the simulation of its kinematics model. The use of 3D printing for the fabrication of parallel soft actuators opens a new chapter in manufacturing sophisticated soft actuators with high dexterity and mechanical robustness for biomedical applications such as cell manipulation and drug release.
Methods of avoiding edge effects on semiconductor diodes

The importance of diode edge effects in practical semiconductor devices and in test structures for electrophysical investigations, is discussed. Included in the review are power devices, devices utilising avalanche effects, and radiation detectors. The main effects are on reverse characteristics, introducing premature breakdown or excess currents. The discussion starts with experiments clarifying the role of field distribution and surface treatment of the edge, and the application of simple methods of improvement, such as using overlay electrodes or surface protection.
http://iaescore.com/journals/index.php/IJPEDS FPGA Based Selective Harmonic Elimination Technique for Multilevel

Info 2018 Harmonic elimination at the fundamental frequency is very much appropriate for high and medium range of power generation and applications. This paper considers a new technique for selective harmonic elimination (SHE), in which the total harmonic distortion (THD) is minimized when compared with that of the conventional one. With this technique, the harmonics at lower order are eliminated, which are more predominant than the higher ones. Cascaded H-Bridge inverter fed by a single DC is considered which is simulated with the switching angles generated by both the conventional method of SHE and the new method of SHE. The simulated results of the load voltage and the waveforms of the harmonic analysis are shown. The THD values are compared for the two techniques. The experimental results are also shown for the new technique. The switching angles are generated with the help of field programmable gated array (FPGA) in the hardware. The value of experimental THD of voltage is compared with that of simulated THD and the comparison prove that the results are satisfactory.
Statistical models for estimating the measurement of pitch in metrology instruments

The measurement of pitch in metrology instruments is thought to be a benign self-compensating function. In the course of issuing the new scanning electron microscope standard SRM 2090, a new algorithm for the measurement of pitch was developed. This is based on linear regression models. For a pitch measurement, a regression line is traditionally fitted to each edge of the data independently, then the distance between some arbitrary threshold on that line is determined. The new algorithm eliminates the need for a threshold. An evaluation of uncertainty of the measurement process is also described.
Two-dimensional modelling of positive streamer dynamics in non-uniform electric fields in air

The results of two-dimensional (2D) numerical simulation of single positive streamer development in atmospheric air in sphere - plane electrode configuration are presented. Correlation of streamer parameters with sphere radius and applied voltage U is revealed. The values of the electric field at the streamer head and in the channel are shown to be almost independent of and U and equal to 150 - 180 and correspondingly. Streamer velocity and radial dimensions linearly increase with U, the coefficient in these linear relations being independent of . Comparison of the results obtained by 2D modelling and in the frame of the commonly used 1D (or quasi-2D) models is made.
Gravitational ultrarelativistic interaction of classical particles in the context of unification of interactions

The response of the ultrarelativistic particle with spin in a Schwarzschild field to the gravitomagnetic components as measured by the comoving observer is investigated. The dependence of the particle's spin–orbit acceleration on the Lorentz γ-factor and the spin orientation is studied. The concrete circular ultrarelativistic orbit of radius r = 3m is considered as a partial solution of the Mathisson–Papapetrou equations and as the corresponding high-energy quantum state of the Dirac particle. Numerical estimates for protons and electrons near black holes are given. A tendency of gravitational and electromagnetic interactions to approach in quantitative terms at ultrarelativistic velocities is discussed.
An Efficient Message-Authentication Scheme Based on Edge Computing for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

With the progress in wireless communication technology and the increasing number of vehicles, vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) have become essential for improving road conditions and enhancing driving experience. The core of the VANETs is the communication between different vehicles, and the security of the communication is based on message authentication. Several schemes have been designed to enhance the efficiency of message authentication. However, these schemes have the disadvantage of redundant authentication, i.e., repeated authentication of the same message, and fail to seek invalid messages from the batch of messages. To solve these problems, this paper introduces a novel edge-computing concept into the message-authentication process of VANETs. In our scheme, the roadside unit can efficiently authenticate messages from nearby vehicles and broadcast the authentication results to the vehicles within its communication range, thereby reducing redundant authentication and enhancing the efficiency of the entire system. The security analysis results show that the proposed scheme satisfies the security requirements of the VANETs. The performance analysis results show that the proposed scheme can not only work well in an ideal environment where the attacker is absent but also capable of quickly identifying valid and invalid messages even if the VANET is attacked.
Analysis of the Z(4430) as the First Radial Excitation of the Zc (3900)

In this article, we take the Zc(3900) and Z(4430) as the ground state and the first radial excited state of the axial-vector tetraquark states with JPC = 1+−, respectively, and study their masses and pole residues with the QCD sum rules by calculating the contributions of the vacuum condensates up to dimension-10 in a consistent way in the operator product expansion. The numerical result favors assigning the Zc(3900) and Z(4430) as the ground state and first radial excited state of the axial-vector tetraquark states, respectively.