Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Active perceptual learning involves motor exploration and predictive sensory integration

Our ability to perceive both externally generated and self-generated sensory stimuli can be enhanced through training, known as passive and active perceptual learning. While passive perceptual learning involves the functional and structural reorganization of the nervous system, the mechanisms underlying active perceptual learning are poorly understood. Here, we sought to explore it through active haptic training (AHT), which has been demonstrated to enhance the somatosensory perception of finger movements in piano keystrokes. We found four main findings. First, AHT reorganized the muscular coordination pattern during the piano keystroke. Second, AHT increased the relative reliance on afferent sensory information relative to predicted one. Third, perceptual sensitivity of externally generated keystroke motions remained unchanged through AHT. Finally, AHT improved feedback movement control of keystrokes. These results suggest that active perceptual learning involves active exploration and adaptation of predictive sensory integration, which underlie enhancement specifically of active perception and feedback control of movements.
2017 Classical orbital paramagnetism in non-equilibrium steady state

We report the results of our numerical simulation of classical-dissipative dynamics of a charged particle subjected to a non-markovian stochastic forcing. We ﬁnd that the system develops a steady-state orbital magnetic moment in the presence of a static magnetic ﬁeld. Very signiﬁcantly, the sign of the orbital magnetic moment turns out to be paramagnetic for our choice of parameters, varied over a wide range. This is shown speciﬁcally for the case of classical dynamics driven by a Kubo-Anderson type non-markovian noise. Natural spatial boundary condition was imposed through (1) a soft (harmonic) conﬁning potential, and (2) a hard potential, approximating a reﬂecting wall. There was no noticeable qualitative di ﬀ erence. What appears to be crucial to the orbital magnetic e ﬀ ect noticed here is the non-markovian property of the driving noise chosen. Experimental realization of this e ﬀ ect on the laboratory scale, and its possible implications are brieﬂy discussed. We would like to emphasize that the above steady-state classical orbital paramagnetic moment complements, rather than contradicts the Bohr-van Leeuwen (BvL) theorem on the absence of classical orbital diamagnetism in thermodynamic equilibrium.
Direct admission versus secondary transfer for mechanical thrombectomy: long-term clinical outcomes from a single Polish Comprehensive Stroke Centre

Introduction. We aimed to compare 3-month clinical outcomes after mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in patients transferred directly to a comprehensive stroke centre (‘mothership’, MS) to the outcomes of patients transferred secondarily from primary stroke centres (‘drip-and-ship’, DAS) in Lubelskie province, the third largest province in Poland. Material and methods. In a prospective stroke registry, all patients with large vessel occlusion in anterior circulation admitted within six hours of onset and treated with MT between 2017 and 2020 were retrospectively analysed. Results. A total of 400 patients was evaluated: 267 treated with the MS approach and 133 with the DAS approach. Time from stroke onset to groin puncture was shorter in the MS group. There was a significant difference in 3-month excellent clinical outcomes (mRS 0–1) between these two groups (32.9% of MS patients vs. 22.5% of DAS patients, p < 0.05), but there was no difference if the 3-month endpoint was expressed as mRS ≤ 2 (42.3% of MS vs. 34.5% of DAS patients, p = 0.13). The rate of symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage and mortality was comparable in both groups. Conclusions. Our study shows that direct admission to a comprehensive stroke centre resulted in more patients achieving excellent treatment outcomes (mRS 0–1). At the same time, the superiority of the MT model over the DAS model in obtaining mRS 0–2 was not unequivocally demonstrated. Further studies are needed to determine the best stroke model for patients potentially eligible for MT.
Improved Automated Framework to Improve Users' Awareness of Online Social Networks

The widespread usage of Online Social Networks (OSN) has introduced new privacy threats. These threats emerge when users intentionally but unknowingly share their information with a broader audience than intended(Ismail et al., 2021; Zhu et al., n.d.; Pew Research, 2019; Pew Forbes, 2022; Pew Ming, 2021; Bright et al., 2022; Cain et al., 2021). This paper introduces an improved framework for Users' Awareness of Online Social Networks. In our initial work, we identified critical privacy issues related to posting on social networks. We proposed a unique two-phase approach to address this problem (Barakat et al., 2016). The first phase involved recognizing key phrases in potential posts, particularly those that revealed location information. In this paper, we have expanded the detection rules to identify the location and other types of sensitive information, such as work and interests. We have developed a set of detection rules for this purpose and tested them with over 1500 actual Facebook posts. The initial detection system achieved a success rate of 85%, but the new system has improved the detection rate to approximately 88%. Additionally, we conducted experiments with 500 actual Facebook posts from Arabic language users. However, the detection rates were lower due to the presence of English words mixed with the Arabic text.The second phase of our approach involves automatically grouping friends into sets called Circles of Trust. This allows messages containing sensitive information to be restricted to the appropriate Circles of Trust. We discuss an approach for initially assigning friends to circlesand the mechanisms for moving friends among circles as their relationship with the poster changes. This aspect has slight improvement but is still needs improvement.
Atypical Language Development in Romance Languages

Previous studies have found a deficit in emotion recognition skills in children with hearing loss linked to their linguistic development. Our aim is to explore how different linguistic-communicative skills influence the capacity to recognise emotions from faces, at different developmental points, in children with and without hearing loss. We administered language measures and a task of emotion recognition (ER) to 166 children (75 with hearing loss). Results show that ER was linked to various linguistic-communicative skills in children with hearing loss, whereas fewer connections existed in hearing children. As these relations varied with age, we discuss how the importance of the different linguistic and communicative skills for ER varies throughout development and as a function of hearing status.
Action Potentials : Generation and Propagation

All cells maintain a voltage across their plasma membranes. Only excitable cells, however, can generate action potentials, the rapid, transient changes in membrane potential that spread along the surface of these unique cells. Action potential generation and propagation occurs through, and is regulated by, the function of voltagegated ionchannels – proteinswith ion-selectivepores that span the cell membrane. Ion channels undergo changes in their structural conformation in response to changes in the electrical field across the membrane. These structural changes cause the opening of pores – channels – through which ions can flow down their electrochemical gradient. The charge carried by ions creates an electrical current and rapidly alters the membrane potential with timeand voltage-dependent properties. This rapid, transient membrane potential change is called the action potential. Action potentials transmit information within neurons, trigger contractions within muscle cells, and lead to exocytosis in secretory cells.
The History of Violence and Insecurity in Pre-Colonial and Post-Colonial African States

iolence or conflict in any form constitutes a threat to peace and political V stability in any society hence, this paper examined the history of violence and insecurity in pre-colonial and post-colonial African states. The study relied on secondary sources of data (materials from published textbooks, journals, records and publication from government and non-governmental organizations etc.) and the Marxian political economy approach and class analysis as its theoretical framework. In terms of methodology and scope, the study adopted the descriptive qualitative method while analysis was based on content analysis. Although the study focuses on Africa, emphasis was placed on the following African countries: Nigeria, Equatorial Guinea, South-Africa, Kenya and Ivory Coast. Findings from the study show that pre-colonial and colonial policies and actions in Africa helped to promote violence, insecurity and economic exploitation in various African countries. These actions no doubt accounts for increased neo-colonial activities and external interference in the political development in most African states even after independence. To end all forms of colonial and neo-colonial actions in Africa, African states and its leaders must look inwards by devising indigenous solution to Africa's problems and challenges rather than depend on external sources for help.
Level of detail in visualization for human autonomy teaming: Speed, accuracy, and workload effects

For human autonomy teaming, information for promoting transparency could lead to information overload, negatively impacting performance and workload. This paper presents an empirical study investigating how different level of details (LODs) about the autonomy represented on the user interface would influence speed, accuracy, and workload. Specifically, we compared visualizations of a lost person model at four different LODs to aid in directing human and unmanned aerial vehicles searchers in search and rescue missions. The lowest LOD was found to support higher accuracy but at the expense of speed. The highest LOD induced the highest workload, while the other three LODs induced lower and similar levels of workload. The results indicate that the LOD in transparent displays could induce a speed and accuracy tradeoff.
Promoting Social Communication through Mobile Technology in Sri Lanka

Since the invention, the mobile phone is becoming more and more popular to lead the communication sector and it has been the spirit of personal communication from the beginning of 80s. Furthermore, developing countries which have always been on the search for affordable communication solutions found mobile communication the most popular method. Low cost communication, infrastructure, and maintenance are some of the key reasons that make mobile technologies popular in developing countries. Statistics depict that the usage of short messages is one of the main communication method in developing countries and most of the organizations are using SMS (Short Message Service) as a tool to assist people, especially in African and Asian continents. Sri Lanka, as a developing country, has a unique culture which has emerged scaling many centuries, mixing with various neighboring cultures. Recently the western cultural influence has dramatically changed the various cultural aspects of the urban population. The rapid economic growth, the changes in agriculture based economic environment, advances in communication and media, and globalization trends has transformed the cultural experiences of Sri Lankans. Taking into account the speedy progress of the mobile technology, especially the SMS, the evolution of the Sri Lankan way of living which has absorbed the culture that has developed with the use of mobiles, and the long literary history where poetry had played a major role in communication,
Implementation Semantic Annotation Recognizing Technique in the Scraper Engine on the E-Publishing Website of the National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) Indonesia

- The increasing need for swift information dissemination in line with modern technological advancements has emphasized the importance and significant impact of data analysis and processing as relevant academic disciplines. These processes encompass data acquisition from various sources, either through direct collection or extraction methods. Among the most crucial and widely utilized techniques for extracting data from the internet is web scraping, particularly when gathering data for research maintenance during the consolidation of multiple institutions into BRIN (National Research and Innovation Agency). Challenges emerge in effectively integrating existing research into a unified system without proper upkeep, as neglecting maintenance can lead to system degradation and hinder access to stored research. Successful maintenance necessitates centralized repositories for researchers' work data. The implementation of semantic annotation recognizing techniques within the web scraping feature of the E-Publishing website holds the potential to expedite this process. The use of web scraping promises to significantly simplify research data collection, while semantic annotation recognizing techniques are poised to streamline implementation, particularly due to the XML data foundation within the Open Archives Initiative (OAI) system. In the context of institution merging and research sustainability, technologies like web scraping and semantic annotation recognizing play pivotal roles in addressing these challenges .
Uncovering the Educational Data Mining Landscape and Future Perspective: A Comprehensive Analysis

Educational data mining (EDM) enables improving educational systems by using data mining techniques on educational data to analyze students’ learning processes to extract valuable information that helps optimize teaching strategies and improve student achievement. EDM has been an important area of research and application in recent years. The aim of this study is to describe the current situation of the EDM field and reveal its future perspective. The study employs descriptive analysis and topic modeling, utilizing a corpus of 2792 studies indexed in the Scopus database since 2007. Firstly, the study determines the document types, distribution by years, prominent authors, countries, subject areas, and journals of the studies in the field of EDM. Then, using topic modeling analysis, which is an unsupervised machine learning technique, the study determines hidden patterns, research interests, and trends within the field. This study is innovative and the first as it reveals latent research interests and trends in the field of EDM through machine learning-based topic modeling-based analysis. The descriptive characteristics of the study emphasize the continuous development of the field and its multidisciplinary aspect. The outputs of the topic modeling analysis reveal that the studies can be grouped into twelve topics. The most frequently studied topic is “Learning pattern and behavior”, and the topic whose frequency of study increases the most over time is “Dropout risk prediction”. When comparing the frequency of study of the topics over time to other topics, the first topic that stands out is “Performance prediction”. The results of this study can be expected to make significant contributions to the field in terms of revealing the big picture of the current literature in the field of EDM and providing a future perspective. Therefore, the results of the study are expected to give direction to the field and provide important insights or guidance to decision makers and education policy makers.
Virtual Dental Articulation Using Computed Tomography Data and Motion Tracking

Dental articulation holds crucial and fundamental importance in the design of dental restorations and analysis of prosthetic or orthodontic occlusions. However, common traditional and digital articulators are difficult and cumbersome in use to effectively translate the dental cast model to the articulator workspace when using traditional facebows. In this study, we have developed a personalized virtual dental articulator that directly utilizes computed tomography (CT) data to mathematically model the complex jaw movement, providing a more efficient and accurate way of analyzing and designing dental restorations. By utilizing CT data, Frankfurt’s horizontal plane was established for the mathematical modeling of virtual articulation, eliminating tedious facebow transfers. After capturing the patients’ CT images and tracking their jaw movements prior to dental treatment, the jaw-tracking information was incorporated into the articulation mathematical model. The validation and analysis of the personalized articulation approach were conducted by comparing the jaw movement between simulation data (virtual articulator) and real measurement data. As a result, the proposed virtual articulator achieves two important functions. Firstly, it replaces the traditional facebow transfer process by transferring the digital dental model to the virtual articulator through the anatomical relationship derived from the cranial CT data. Secondly, the jaw movement trajectory provided by optical tracking was incorporated into the mathematical articulation model to create a personalized virtual articulation with a small Fréchet distance of 1.7 mm. This virtual articulator provides a valuable tool that enables dentists to obtain diagnostic information about the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and configure personalized settings of occlusal analysis for patients.
Deciphering the Role of Selenoprotein M

Selenocysteine (Sec), the 21st amino acid, is structurally similar to cysteine but with a sulfur to selenium replacement. This single change retains many of the chemical properties of cysteine but often with enhanced catalytic and redox activity. Incorporation of Sec into proteins is unique, requiring additional translation factors and multiple steps to insert Sec at stop (UGA) codons. These Sec-containing proteins (selenoproteins) are found in all three domains of life where they often are involved in cellular homeostasis (e.g., reducing reactive oxygen species). The essential role of selenoproteins in humans requires us to maintain appropriate levels of selenium, the precursor for Sec, in our diet. Too much selenium is also problematic due to its toxic effects. Deciphering the role of Sec in selenoproteins is challenging for many reasons, one of which is due to their complicated biosynthesis pathway. However, clever strategies are surfacing to overcome this and facilitate production of selenoproteins. Here, we focus on one of the 25 human selenoproteins, selenoprotein M (SELENOM), which has wide-spread expression throughout our tissues. Its thioredoxin motif suggests oxidoreductase function; however, its mechanism and functional role(s) are still being uncovered. Furthermore, the connection of both high and low expression levels of SELENOM to separate diseases emphasizes the medical application for studying the role of Sec in this protein. In this review, we aim to decipher the role of SELENOM through detailing and connecting current evidence. With multiple proposed functions in diverse tissues, continued research is still necessary to fully unveil the role of SELENOM.
Preliminary study of reuse of plastic bottles as metamaterial

The present work introduces a novel approach to designing metamaterial for low frequency and high frequency wave attenuation by repurposing plastic waste. The metamaterial is constructed using a duct-like structure with a periodic arrangement of bottles of different sizes. This configuration leads to the formation of a local resonant band, which spans from 240 to 340 Hz. In both the numerical model and the experimental setup, a harmonic excitation is given to the proposed configuration and transmission loss is computed as a function of frequency. The experimental results support the findings obtained from numerical simulations, confirming the effectiveness of the designed metamaterial. One crucial aspect discovered in this work is that introducing space between the bottle’s neck and the side wall of the structure causes the bottles to act as Helmholtz resonators. Thus, in turn, this results in an additional band gap at low frequencies, complementing the existing Bragg’s band gap achieved by the periodic arrangement of bottles. The ability to change the size of the bottles gives control over the position of the band gap, allowing for greater flexibility in tailoring the metamaterial to specific noise attenuation requirements. The applications of these plastic bottle-based metamaterials are wide ranging, especially in improving the indoor acoustic environment of buildings. This work opens up a new avenue for further exploration and innovation in the field of sustainable and environmentally friendly metamaterials.
How do Blame Attributions Impact Trust in Complex Task Environments?

Trust in automation is a multidimensional process in predicting the proper use of automated systems. Trust can be generalized across components in multi-component systems, leading to contagion effects. However, no research has considered how blame attributions influence the size of contagion effects. We conducted an experiment to address how attributions of blame and responsibility influenced the magnitude of contagion effects for trust. Participants were presented with a hypothetical scenario depicting an airplane environment consisting of six human and six automation components. Participants rated their trust in each component before and after an oxygen mask failure. The findings indicate that the percentage of blame attributed to a component predicted the degree to that trust decreased following an error. Thus, more research should focus on how users assign blame across systems.
A stakeholder analysis for sustainable development of Maritime Village in Semarang coastal community, Indonesia

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the role of stakeholders and their interconnected relationships based on power and interests in realising sustainable development in coastal areas using the Maritime Village program in Tambaklorok, Semarang City, Indonesia as a case study.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from in-depth interviews and focus group discussions (FGD) with stakeholders, observations, as well as online news, and official government reports, followed by taxonomic analysis.FindingsThe results showed the four categories of stakeholders, namely players, context setters, subjects, and crowd. The Ministry of Public Works and Housing (PUPR), Regional Development Planning Agency (BAPPEDA) of Semarang City, Spatial Planning Agency (DISTARU) of Semarang City, and the Fisheries Office of Semarang City were found to be key players with a role in the success of the program. PT Pelindo (Indonesia Port Corporations) was identified as a context setter with low interests but high power, acting as an accelerator in the development program.Originality/valueThe originality of this study lied in its examination of the power and interests of stakeholders involved in government projects. It was recommended to strengthen coordination among the stakeholders to ensure the success of the program.