Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Exercise on Sarcopenia among Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review

Simple Summary Sarcopenia is a condition characterized by loss of skeletal muscle mass and low muscle strength or physical performance. Cancer survivors are likely to be impacted by sarcopenia and suffer from a worse prognosis. Exercise has been suggested to be a promising tool to attenuate sarcopenia, but its effect among cancer survivors has not been systematically tested yet. We conducted a systematic review of seven interventional studies examining the effects of exercise on sarcopenia among cancer survivors. Results suggested that exercise improved muscle quantity and potentially reversed sarcopenia among breast, gastric, prostate and liver cancer survivors. If the relationship is further supported by larger trials, we could potentially identify cancer survivors at higher risk of adverse health outcomes by screening for sarcopenia and improve their prognosis and quality of life through exercise interventions. Abstract Sarcopenia is related to adverse health outcomes in cancer survivors. Previous reviews reported exercise improved muscle mass or function in cancer survivors, but thus far a systematic review examining the effect of exercise on sarcopenia in this population has not been conducted. Therefore, we systematically searched PubMed, CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) and ClinicalTrials.gov for publications and ongoing trials (through November 2021) that reported exercise interventions and diagnosed sarcopenia among cancer survivors. Seven exercise trials were eligible for this review. Six of seven studies showed exercise increased skeletal muscle post intervention (1.6% to 5.4% increase within intervention groups compared to baseline, p ≤ 0.07; 2.1% to 12.8% greater increase for intervention than control groups, p ≤ 0.02) and in the three studies that reported sarcopenia reversal, an improvement (18.2% to 42.9% decrease in sarcopenia in exercise groups, 5.2% increase to 16.7% decrease in sarcopenia in control groups, p = 0.04) was observed. Existing research indicates the potential for exercise to improve health outcomes for cancer survivors through building muscle and attenuating sarcopenia. More high-quality, long-term, large randomized controlled trials examining effects of different exercise types and doses to improve sarcopenia should be conducted to further explore this important topic.
Assessment of Knowledge, Perception, and Attitude Towards Causes Related to Climate Change Among the Undergraduates of the Non-Science Students of Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perlis Branch

The purpose of this study is to assess the respondents’ knowledge and attitudes towards causes related to climate change and their behaviour towards climate change. An online questionnaire has been distributed to non-science students at the Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perlis Branch, Arau Campus, Perlis. A total of 42 respondents have responded to the survey. The study assesses the participant’s knowledge of climate change, attitude, and individual behaviour to cope with climate change. Most respondents offered positive responses to the questions about climate change knowledge and attitudes, as well as their perceptions of climate change. The study also acknowledges the awareness of climate change which has been raised among non-science students. Additionally, this is to support the appropriate climate change initiatives in conjunction with the proposed policies that promote sustainable development.
Mikroekonomska analiza utjecaja emocija liječnika i pacijenata na ishode zdravstvene zaštite

Cilj ovog rada je istražiti kako emocije koje doživljavaju liječnici i pacijenti u međusobnoj interakciji dugoročno utječu na promjene njihovog ponašanja i ishode zdravstvene zaštite. Liječnici i pacijenti uče iz prethodnih iskustava i njihovo ponašanje evoluira tako da učestalije izabiru strategije kojima ostvaruju veću očekivanu psihološku korisnost od prosječne. U analizi ovog problema koji se promatra iz dinamičke perspektive koriste se složeni matematički alati evolucijske teorije igara i replikatorne dinamike koji uključuju detaljno istraživanje ponašanja sustava diferencijalnih jednadžbi. Znanstveni doprinos ovog rada očituje se u analizi različitih scenarija utjecaja frustracija, žaljenja i krivnje na dugoročno ponašanje liječnika i pacijenata i pokazuje kako ponašanje sustava značajno ovisi o opsegu i snazi emocija koje liječnik i pacijent doživljavaju. Na taj način se omogućava nalaženje mjera kojima bi se zdravstveni sustav pokrenuo u smjeru društveno poželjnog stanja populacije liječnika koji žele liječiti pacijente i populacije pacijenata koji vjeruju liječnicima čime se ostvaruje i praktična vrijednost ovog rada. S obzirom da širi skup emocija koje doživljavaju liječnik i pacijent u međusobnoj interakciji značajno utječe na moguće ponašanje sustava izvedene rezultate u ovom radu valja sagledati kritički.
The Optical System Design of a Miniaturization Laser Triangulation Probe

This paper analyzed the basic principle of laser triangulation ranging and derived the formula between the object and the image of the laser triangulation.Designed a laser plastic optical system and an imaging optical system by optical design software ZEMAX.Using the optimization function of the ZEAMX,the aberration of the system has been optimized to meet the aberration requirements of the system.From the results of the design,the optical systems met the requirements and achieved a small and compact structure of the laser triangulation probe.
A case study on frontal-face images

We present and evaluate a neural network-based technique to automatically enable NPR renderings from dig- ital face images, which resemble semi-detailed sketches. The technique has been experimentally evaluated and com- pared with traditional approaches to edge detection (Canny and Difference of Gaussians, or DoG) and with a more re- cent variant, specifically designed for stylization purposes (Flow Difference of Gaussians, or FDoG). An objective evaluation showed, after an ANOVA analysis and a Tukey t- test, that the proposed approach was equivalent to the FDoG technique and superior to the DoG. A subjective experiment involving the opinion of human observers proved to be com- plementary to the objective analysis.
Diffusion-Weighted Imaging-Alone Endovascular Thrombectomy Triage in Acute Stroke: Simulating Diffusion-Perfusion Mismatch Using Machine Learning

Yoon-Chul Kim, Woo-Keun Seo, In-Young Baek, Ji-Eun Lee, Ha-Na Song, Jong-Won Chung, Chi Kyung Kim, Kyungmi Oh, Sang-il Suh, Oh Young Bang, Gyeong-Moon Kim, Jeffrey L. Saver, David S. Liebeskind Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Department of Digital Health, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea Department of Neurology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Department of Radiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Department of Neurology, University of California in Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Development of a Community-Driven Mosquito Surveillance Program for Vectors of La Crosse Virus to Educate, Inform, and Empower a Community

Simple Summary A pilot program was designed using innovative STEM education programming to create a community-driven surveillance network for mosquitoes that transmit La Crosse virus (LACV). This East Tennessee program is called MEGA:BITESS (Medical Entomology and Geospatial Analyses: Bringing Innovation to Teacher Education and Surveillance Studies). MEGA:BITESS uses student-driven inquiries and classroom learning to engage 6th–12th graders directly with the science of mosquito biology and behaviors and public health science surrounding infectious diseases. As part of the program, the students test hypotheses by collecting surveillance data on mosquitoes carrying LACV, which causes La Crosse encephalitis (LACE), and analyzing their data with an open online platform. Program participants enhance awareness of LACE and help to identify mosquito populations for management, with our long-term goal of reducing LACE cases in children and other vulnerable populations in the region. Abstract The fields of entomology, geospatial science, and science communication are understaffed in many areas, resulting in poor community awareness and heightened risks of vector-borne diseases. This is especially true in East Tennessee, where La Crosse encephalitis (LACE) causes pediatric illness each year. In response to these problems, we created a community engagement program that includes a yearlong academy for secondary STEM educators in the 6–12 grade classroom. The objectives of this program were to support inquiry-driven classroom learning to foster student interest in STEM fields, produce community-driven mosquito surveillance, and enhance community awareness of LACE. We trained educators in medical entomology, geospatial science, and science communication, and they incorporated those skills into lesson plans for a mosquito oviposition experiment that tested hypotheses developed in the classroom. Here, we share results from the first two years of the MEGA:BITESS academy, tailored for our community by having students ask questions directly related to Aedes mosquito oviposition biology and La Crosse encephalitis. In year one, we recruited 17 educators to participate in the project, and 15 of those educators returned in year two. All participating educators completed the academy, conducted the oviposition experiment, and informed over 400 students about a variety of careers and disciplines for their students. Here, we present a community-based program that helps to address the problems associated with long-term mosquito surveillance, health and science education and communication, career opportunities, and the community needs of Appalachia, as well as the initial data on the effectiveness of two years of an educator-targeted professional-development program.
Ekstraksi dan Penetapan Kadar Glukomanan dari Umbi Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) Menggunakan Metode DNS

Glukomanan merupakan polisakarida yang tersusun oleh unit ? -D-glukosa dan ? -D-mannosa yang terikat dengan gugus asetil melalui ikatan b-1,4 dan b-1,6 glikosida. Glukomanan terdapat pada dinding sel beberapa spesies tumbuhan terutama diekstraksi dari umbi genus amorphophallus spp. Secara komersial, pemanfaatan glukomanan sangat luas yaitu khususnya dalam industri farmasi digunakan sebagai bahan pengisi, pengikat tablet, pengental, gelling agent, film former, coating materials, emulsifier, stabilizer dan drug delivery system. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk menentukan kadar glukomanan yang diekstraksi dari umbi porang di Nusa Tenggara Barat. Penelitian yang dilakukan meliputi pembuatan tepung porang, ekstraksi glukomanan menggunakan pelarut etanol 60% dan uji kuantitatif glukomanan dengan metode DNS (Dinitro Salisilic Acid) menggunakan instrumen spektrofotometer uv-vis. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh yaitu rendemen tepung glukomanan sebesar 66,26% dengan kadar glukomanan hasil pemurnian sebesar 38,5312±0,5%.
The 2020 Monte Cristo (Nevada) Earthquake Sequence: Stress Transfer in the Context of Conjugate Strike‐Slip Faults

On 15 May 2020 at 11:03 (UTC) a shallow earthquake with a Magnitude Mw 6.5 struck the Central Walker Lane in the Mina Deflection region. This shallow event offers the possibility to model the change in Coulomb failure function (ΔCFF) including the historical events and to analyze the effect of fluid redistribution on fault ruptures. The static stress change modeling shows that the 1932 Cedar Mountain (Mw 7.1) earthquake increased ΔCFF on the 2020 Monte Cristo left‐lateral rupture by an average value of ∼2 bar suggesting a fault interaction in the context of conjugate strike‐slip faults. Also, the ΔCFF caused by the Monte Cristo earthquake shows a 0.1–0.5 bar increase on nearby right‐lateral fault planes at 8 km depth. In contrast to the 2019 Ridgecrest sequence (Mw 6.4 and Mw 7.1), our poroelastic stress change modeling of the 2020 Monte Cristo earthquake shows no apparent correlation between the positive stress change values and fluid redistribution along the Monte Cristo conjugated ruptures. Nevertheless, the Coulomb modeling using adapted poroelastic solutions shows that the 2020 Monte Cristo mainshock increased stresses with a value of 0.2–0.9 bar south of the Mina Deflection along the White Mountains and Fish Lake Valley fault zones. The stress values combined with a strain rate of 40–50 nanostrain/yr represent a shift of 8%–15% of the recurrence time interval for a large earthquake along the White Mountains and Fish Lake Valley faults suggesting an elevated pore‐fluid effect for faults reactivation in both undrained and drained fluid conditions.
Deep Learning Base Face Anti Spoofing -Convolutional Restricted Basis Neural Network Technique

Face anti-spoofing is the practice of using an authorized person's face to escape false face verification with a picture, video, mask, or another substitute. Latest innovations in face recognition and deep learning technology have made it possible to identify people from a distance using images acquired by a camera. The existing methods used different training sets and classifiers to recognize the face, which was difficult to classify and increase the time. A novel technology 3D Convolutional Restricted Basis Neural Network (CRBNN) is proposed in this paper to overcome this drawback. The proposed system is initialized by testing based on cross-entropy loss with augmented facial samples and further reinforced with an explicitly built generalization loss. The 3D-Convolutional layer is used for mapping the feature of the input image. Next, the Boltzmann technique is used for translation to form the reconstructed parameters. The Radial Basis Function Network (RBFN) is used to obtain an accurate classification. The experimental result proved the proposed CRBNN is given a better accuracy rate, less Equal Error Rate, and less time duration than existing methods. Our method is compared with spatial pyramid coding micro-texture (SPMT), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), and radial basis function network (RBFN) and outperformed.
An Objective Diagnosis Model with Integrated Metabolic and Immunity Parameters for Phlegm-Dampness Constitution

Background According to Chinese constitutional theory, people can be divided into nine constitutions, which represent distinctive vulnerability to different diseases such as metabolic syndrome, atherosclerosis, and immunity-related disease, and so forth in modern medicine, phlegm-dampness constitution (PDC) is one of the nine constitutions, which is susceptible to metabolic syndrome (MS) and atherosclerosis that associate with lipid metabolism and immunity dysregulation closely. Objectives In this study, we aimed to investigate the metabolic and immunity profiles of phlegm-damp constitution (PDC), including metabolites, lymphocytes distribution, and inflammatory cytokines. Methods A total of 74 patients with PDC and 66 individuals with gentle constitution (GC) were enrolled in this study. We utilized biochemical methods to detect metabolic parameters, flow cytometry to survey T/B/NK/NKT lymphocyte subgroups distribution, and ELISA to assay inflammatory cytokines. Results The subjects with PDC had higher GLU, AI TC, TG, and LDL-C and lower HDL-C levels. The immunity profile indicated that PDC subjects had higher percentage of WBCs, neutrophils, lymphocytes, B cells, and natural killer T cells compared with subjects with GC (P < 0.05). Serum levels of IL-10 decreased significantly in the subjects with phlegm-damp constitution, whereas IL-12 levels increased dramatically in the PDC group compared with the GC group (both P < 0.05). Additionally, logistic regression identified four independent variables (GLU, TG, LDL-C, and lymphocytes) that were highly correlated with PDC (P < 0.05). The area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.878, which indicated the data were reliable to distinguish the subjects with PDC from the ones with GC. Conclusion Phlegm-damp constitution was prone to hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia syndrome, promoting the occurrence and progression of metabolic-related diseases. Interestingly, proinflammatory cells and cytokines were activated in the PDC group as well. Our findings could offer a profile of early screening indicators to identify high-risk patients of metabolic- and immunity-related diseases from Chinese constitution.
Is Cadmium Toxicity Tissue-Specific? Toxicogenomics Studies Reveal Common and Specific Pathways in Pulmonary, Hepatic, and Neuronal Cell Models

Several harmful modifications in different tissues-organs, leading to relevant diseases (e.g., liver and lung diseases, neurodegeneration) are reported after exposure to cadmium (Cd), a wide environmental contaminant. This arises the question whether any common molecular signatures and/or Cd-induced modifications might represent the building block in initiating or contributing to address the cells towards different pathological conditions. To unravel possible mechanisms of Cd tissue-specificity, we have analyzed transcriptomics data from cell models representative of three major Cd targets: pulmonary (A549), hepatic (HepG2), and neuronal (SH-SY-5Y) cells. Further, we compared common features to identify any non-specific molecular signatures. The functional analysis of dysregulated genes (gene ontology and KEGG) shows GO terms related to metabolic processes significantly enriched only in HepG2 cells. GO terms in common in the three cell models are related to metal ions stress response and detoxification processes. Results from KEGG analysis show that only one specific pathway is dysregulated in a significant way in all cell models: the mineral absorption pathway. Our data clearly indicate how the molecular mimicry of Cd and its ability to cause a general metal ions dyshomeostasis represent the initial common feature leading to different molecular signatures and alterations, possibly responsible for different pathological conditions.
Reducing Fruit Quality Losses in Peach Fruits and Increasing Profitability during postharvest Storage Using Salicylic Acid and Aspirin

(Received 24/10/2021, accepted 12/01/2022) DOI: 10.21608/ejoh.2021. 102605.1189 ©2021 National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC) PEACHES is one of the favorite fruit, but these fruits are sensitive through postharvest handling and it has a great loss in the crop and the fruit quality through its approach to the consumers. In the study, Salicylic acid (SA) and aspirin (AS) drugs have been used to reduce fruit losses and preserve quality of the fruit. In the current study, peach fruit cv. Tropical Snow was treated with: water (control treatment), two concentrations of aspirin as 0.5 and 1 mM and two concentrations of salicylic acid as 0.5 and 1 mM under two storage conditions (23±1 °C, 85 % ± 5 % RH and 1 °C, 85 % ± 5 % %RH) during two seasons (2020 and 2021). The results indicated that the fruit under room temperature conditions at all treatments could not be stored for more than 3 weeks while fruit under cold storage continued to 9 weeks with acceptable fruit quality. Under the room temperature, treatments did not significantly affect the firmness while SA and AS with high concentrations delayed the reduction in acidity and vitamin C and the increase of SSC and SSC/ Acid ratio. Under cold storage, SA treatments followed by AS treatments significantly preserved fruit quality via reducing weight loss, saving firmness , delaying the decline of acidity and vitamin C and the increase of SSC, SSC/ Acid ratio and antioxidant enzymes activity especially in the last 3 weeks. AS or SA resulted in improving the income by 156.5 US$/ton on the room temperature storage and by 761.5 US$/ton on cold storage conditions.
Professional Behavior Attributes: A Survey of Occupational Therapy Faculty Perspectives

Professionalism in occupational therapy has been challenging to define due to differing values and behaviors across contexts and professions. There is a difference between how occupational therapy students and faculty view and comprehend professionalism suggesting that occupational therapists may not have an established sense of professionalism when entering the health care field for the first time. The study's purpose was to examine occupational therapy faculty’s perceptions of essential professional behavior attributes that students should possess to succeed in occupational therapy practice. This study utilized a survey methodology to anonymously collect opinions from 150 occupational therapy faculty members across the United States regarding professional behavior attributes essential for entry-level occupational therapy education. Researchers found that the five most frequently observed professional behavior attributes in occupational therapy students were empathy, enthusiasm, being personable, having a positive attitude, and responsibility. The top seven most important professional behavior attributes were being clinically competent and ethical, having communication and interpersonal skills, and being adaptable, responsible, and empathetic. The results of this study indicate that occupational therapy faculty perceive that many vital attributes contribute to professionalism within the occupational therapy field and that teaching professionalism is an integral part of occupational therapy education. This study contributes to the current literature of defining professionalism within occupational therapy to better equip occupational therapy students entering into practice.
Superstitious learning of abstract order from random reinforcement

Survival depends on identifying learnable features of the environment that predict reward, and avoiding others that are random and unlearnable. However, humans and other animals often infer spurious associations among unrelated events, raising the question of how well they can distinguish learnable patterns from unlearnable events. Here, we tasked monkeys with discovering the serial order of two pictorial sets: a “learnable” set in which the stimuli were implicitly ordered and monkeys were rewarded for choosing the higher-rank stimulus and an “unlearnable” set in which stimuli were unordered and feedback was random regardless of the choice. We replicated prior results that monkeys reliably learned the implicit order of the learnable set. Surprisingly, the monkeys behaved as though some ordering also existed in the unlearnable set, showing consistent choice preference that transferred to novel untrained pairs in this set, even under a preference-discouraging reward schedule that gave rewards more frequently to the stimulus that was selected less often. In simulations, a model-free RL algorithm (Q-learning) displayed a degree of consistent ordering among the unlearnable set but, unlike the monkeys, failed to do so under the preference, discouraging reward schedule. Our results suggest that monkeys infer abstract structures from objectively random events using heuristics that extend beyond stimulus-outcome conditional learning to more cognitive model-based learning mechanisms.