Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prospects of Calcined Clay Pozzolan and Hydraulic Lime in Built Industry

The harmful impact of Portland cement manufacture on a global scale has prompted an extensive search for clinker replacement materials and alternative low CO2 cements. This paper investigated prospects and application of Calcined Clay Pozzolan with Hydraulic Lime in built industry. Limestone and Raw clay from Ewekoro and Owode-Ketu areas in Ogun State were sourced for the production after being calcined in kiln at temperatures of 950°C and 700°C for 2 hours respectively. Binders were produced by blending Calcined lime (L) and Calcined clay (C) together by mass in different variations (20%L:80%C; 40%L:60%C; 60%L:40%C; 80%L:20%C; 100%L:0%C). Consequently, these binders were mixed with fine aggregate to produce mortar cubes at a mix ratio and water cement ratio of 1:3 and 0.5 respectively. An average of 3 cubes were cast per mix to produce a total of 90, 100mm cubes and cured by water sprinkling for 3, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 90 days respectively. These cubes were subjected to bulk density and compressive strength tests in order to ascertain their durability. Owode-Ketu calcined clay was found to be a class N Pozzolana according to ASTM C618-08. The densities and compressive strengths of the various cubes ranged between 1785 – 1870 kg/m3 and 0.15 – 1.09 MPa respectively for all the curing periods. The binder 60%L:40%C was found to be the best of all the binders owing to its compressive strength (0.89 MPa) after 28 days curing period. All binders except 100%L:0%C could be used in any masonry, rendering, plastering and pointing application because they exhibited compressive strengths in the range of 0.4 to 2.5 MPa after 28 days curing period.
0D Zn-ZIF/2D Co-ZIF Derived 0D ZnO/2D Co3O4 Heterostructures for ppb-Level Acetone Detection

Detecting acetone is meaningful in industrial processes and medical fields. Herein, 0D Zn-ZIF/2D Co-ZIF derived 0D ZnO/2D Co3O4 heterostructures are originally designed to improve acetone sensing properties. It is found that when the temperature is 250 °C, the 0D ZnO/2D Co3O4 possesses the highest response (4.73) to 5 ppm acetone, which is about three times more than that of pure 0D ZnO and pure 2D Co3O4. The detection limit of 0D ZnO/2D Co3O4 sensor could be as low as 100 ppb. The response/recovery time of 0D ZnO/2D Co3O4 sensor to 100 ppm acetone is only 3 s/15 s. It is demonstrated that with the introduction of 0D ZnO, the stacking of 2D Co3O4 nanosheets is inhibited and p-n heterojunctions are formed, which could significantly enhance acetone sensing performance.
Hybrid Pigments Based on Montmorillonite and Anionic Dyes for Leather Finishing

The work is focused on obtaining hybrid pigments by adsorption of anionic dyes on positively charged montmorillonite. Modification of the sodium form of montmorillonite by chromium hydroxocomplexes was provided to ensure effective adsorption of anionic dyes on the surface of mineral particles. A high level of adsorption of anionic dyes as a result of steric factor was revealed. It was shown that the adsorption of dyes depended on the pH of the medium and was characterized by a maximum level at pH 4.5 – 6.0. The scheme of obtaining hybrid pigments, which were characterized by good сovering ability, resistance to stratification, especially saturated and intense colour was proposed.
A Review of Ball Bearings Fault Size Estimation (FSE), Fault Degradation Estimation (FDE), and Artificial Intelligence Based Approaches during Prognosis

Ball bearings are critical components of any industrial rotary equipment. They constitute about 90% of industrial machines’ components – and are thus responsible for the largest proportion of failures – approximately 70-85% of downtime. Defected bearings, while in service, give rise to high vibration amplitudes in rotary equipment, resulting in great reduction in their operational efficiency coupled with high energy consumption. Their premature and inadvertent failure could result in unplanned equipment downtown – thereby causing production loss and increased maintenance cost. Patently, to curtail this, it is vital that their health state is monitored throughout their service life for early faults detection, diagnosis, and prognosis. A knowledge of when a bearing will fail – that is, its remaining useful life (RUL) – can serve as supplement to maintenace decision-making such as determining in advance the time an equipment needs to be taken out-of-service and that can alternatively allow for sufficient lead time for maintenance planning as well. This can correspondingly result in enhancement in rotary systems effectiveness – i.e., availability, reliability, maintainability, and capability. Three popular condition monitoring approaches are signal processing-based approaches namely fault size estimation (FSE) and fault degradation estimation (FDE) as well as artifial intelligent (AI) based approach. It is, however, still a challenge to estimate a bearing fault size and therefore its RUL with high precision based on what has been diagnosed using these approaches. Accordingly, this review holistically explore capabilities and limitations of these approaches from recently published work. The reviewed limations are summarized and serve as new research avenue.
Diffusion Bonding Performance of Copper Target for 300mm Integrated Circuit

Ultra-pure copper sputtering target is a key material widely used in large-scale integrated circuits with 90-28 nm feature size. The copper target for 300 mm integrated circuit requires a reliable diffusion bonding between the ultra-pure copper target and the copper alloy backplate. The bonding ratio and bonding strength of diffusion bonding should reach over 99% and 80 MPa respectively. In this paper, the ascendant structure of electron beam welding united diffusion bonding with high quality was designed. The ultra-pure copper target and the C18000 copper alloy backplate were machined to coordinating size, meanwhile the backplate underwent surface treatment of toothed/smooth, ion cleaning, magnetron sputtering coating, then the combination of target and the backplate was proceeded electron beam welding and diffusion bonding. Metallographic microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM), mechanical tensile machine, C-scan flaw detector were used to analyze the bonding properties including interface microstructure, bonding strength and bonding ratio. The results show that the bonding ratio of copper target was above 99%, and the bonding strength was up to 80-160 MPa.
Production, Physicochemical and Organoleptic Evaluation of Bread Made from Composite Wheat-Cassava Flour

Abstract Cassava (Manihot esculenta crantz) varieties: TME 419 (419), TMS 98/0581(sweet), and UMUCASS 37 (yellow) were processed into flour. Comparative studies of their physicochemical and organoleptic properties were evaluated. Proximate composition was done using the standard method of Association of Official Analytical Chemists. The sensory analysis of the cassava flour varieties was evaluated by baking bread with its wheat blends using different ratios. Results obtained showed that the moisture, crude fiber, ash content, carbohydrate content and energy value of the three cassava flour varieties differ significantly (p≤0.05); while for crude protein, the values were not significantly different (p≥0.05). Also, the swelling power, boiling point, amylose, foam capacity, and emulsification capacity of each sample was significantly (p≤0.05) different with TME 419 cassava flour having the highest values in all but foam capacity. The combination levels for bread containing wheat and cassava varieties of 75% and 25%, respectively was found to be acceptable while, bread made from 100% TME 419 cassava flour was not acceptable due to its poor sensory attributes. It was found that the carbohydrate content of TMS 98/0581 was higher than the other cassava flour samples. Breads baked with 75% wheat flour and 25% cassava flour were accepted by the sensory panel in terms of appearance, taste and texture. These results showed that high quality cassava flour has potential to replace part of the wheat flour in the production of bread since there is a wide acceptance amongst the judges.
The Influence of Fe/Al Molar Ratio on Microreactor-Based Catalyst Preparation and Carbon Nanotube Preparation

In order to prepare carbon nanotubes with high specific surface area, small diameter, low resistivity, high purity and high catalytic activity, the Fe-Mo/Al2O3 catalyst was prepared based on the microreactor. The influence of different Fe/Al molar ratios on the catalyst and the carbon nanotubes prepared was studied through BET, SEM, TEM and other detection methods. Studies have shown that the pore structure of the catalyst is dominated by slit pores at a lower Fe/Al molar ratio. The catalytic activity is the highest when the Fe/Al molar ratio is 1:1, reaching 74.1%. When the Fe/Al molar ratio is 1:2, the catalyst has a higher specific surface area, the maximum pore size is 8.63 nm, and the four-probe resistivity and ash content of the corresponding carbon nanotubes are the lowest. The higher the proportion of aluminum, the higher the specific surface area of the catalyst and the carbon nanotubes, and the finer the diameter of the carbon nanotubes, which gradually tends to relax. The results show that when the Fe/Al molar ratio is 1:2, although the catalytic activity of the catalyst is not the highest, the carbon nanotubes prepared have the best performance.
Environmental Impact Analysis of Automobile Laminated Glass Production

The rapid development of China’s automobile industry has led to increased demand for automobile glass. Combined with the present situation of China’s automobile glass industry, life cycle assessment(LCA) method was adopted for this study, through investigating the energy consumption and emissions during the raw and auxiliary materials acquisition stage and product production stage for auto laminated glass. Then a life cycle inventory was worked out and the data was characterized and normalized by CML analysis method. The results showed that the most serious environmental impacts were Marine Aquatic Ecotoxicity Potential, abiotic depletion potential-fossil and global warming potential, whose proportion of total environmental impact was 92.2%, 2.41%, 1.75%, respectively. Further analysis showed that the influence of float glass was 36%,42% and 33.9% respectively.
Secondary Sintering Cement Clinker in SO2 Atmosphere: Composition and Structure Effects

A gas-solid reaction method was adopted in this work to explore the influence of SO2 gas on the composition and structure of secondary sintering cement clinker. In this process, the Portland cement clinker was secondarily sintered at different temperatures and a mixed gas mixed with SO2 was introduced simultaneously in a tube furnace. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) combined with rietveld refinement was used to determine the phase composition of the cement clinker and the corresponding phase content. The experimental results showed that the increase in temperature conduced to increasing the content of SO3 solid solution, C2S and CaO, but decreasing the C3S content. Moreover, as the ratio of SO3/MgO (by mass) increases, the content of M1-type alite also increased. And the result of hydration heat release was positively correlated with the content of alite in the clinker. If the content of alite was low, the heat flow was low, as well as the cumulative heat, and vice versa.
New Mineral Names

In this Issue This New Mineral Names has entries for 10 new species, including huenite, laverovite, pandoraite-Ba, pandoraite-Ca, and six new species of pyrochlore supergroup: cesiokenomicrolite, hydrokenopyrochlore, hydroxyplumbopyrochlore, kenoplumbomicrolite, oxybismutomicrolite, and oxycalciomicrolite.
The accuracy vs. interpretability trade-off in Fraud Detection Model

Like a hydra, fraudsters adapt and circumvent increasingly sophisticated barriers, erected in particular by banking institutions that must quickly take measures to avoid losses while guaranteeing the satisfaction of customers who do not fraud. Facing an expanding flow of operations, banks’ efficiency relies on Data Analytics to support established risk control processes, but also on understanding the underlying fraud mechanism. In addition, since fraud can be a criminal act, there is no escaping the search for evidence. These legal, operational and strategic constraints lead to a trade-off on the means to be implemented for the fraud management. This paper first focuses on the translation of practical questions raised in the Banking industry at each step of the fraud management process into performance evaluation necessary to design a Fraud Detection Model. Second, it considers a fan of machine learning approaches addressing these specificities: the imbalance between fraudulent and non-fraudulent operations, the lack of fully trusted labels, the concept-drift phenomenon and the unavoidable trade-off between accuracy and explainability of the detection. This state of art sheds some light on a race for the best technology between black-box machine learning models improved by post-hoc interpretation and intrinsic interpretable models boosted to gain accuracy. Finally, it discusses how concrete and promising hybrid approaches can provide pragmatic, short-term responses to the needs of banks and policy makers without swallowing up stakeholders with economical and ethical stakes in a technological race.
Liver Involvement in Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation and Deglycosylation

Background: Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) and NGLY1-CDDG (NGLY1-congenital disorder of deglycosylation) usually represent multisystem (especially neurovisceral) diseases with liver involvement reported in some of them. The aim of the study was to characterize the liver phenotype in CDG and NGLY1-CDDG patients hospitalized in our Institute, and to find the most specific features of liver disease among them. Material and Methods: The study involved 39 patients (from 35 families) with CDG, and two patients (from two families) with NGLY1-CDDG, confirmed molecularly, for whom detailed characteristics of liver involvement were available. They were enrolled based on the retrospective analysis of their medical records. Results: At the time of the first consultation, 13/32 patients were diagnosed with hepatomegaly; none of them with splenomegaly. As many as 23/32 persons had elevated serum transaminases, including 16 (70%) who had mildly elevated levels. During the long-term follow-up (available for 19 patients), serum transaminases normalized in 15/19 (79%) of them, including a spontaneous normalization in 12/15 (80%) of them. The GGT activity was observed to be normal in all study cases. Protein C, protein S and antithrombin activities in plasma were observed in 16 patients, and they were decreased in all of them. Conclusions: It is necessary to conduct a long-term follow-up of liver disease in CDG to obtain comprehensive data.
Prediction of Srebp-1 as a Key Target of Qing Gan San Against MAFLD in Rats via RNA-Sequencing Profile Analysis

Metabolism-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide, and the use of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) to treat this disease has attracted increasing attention. The Qing Gan San (QGS) formula comprises Polygonatum sibiricum, the peel of Citrus reticulata Blanco, the leaves of Morus alba L, Cichorium intybus, Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch, and Cirsium setosum. The present study aimed to uncover the anti-hyperlipidaemic effects, hepatic fat accumulation-lowering effects and mechanisms of QGS in high-fat diet-induced MAFLD rats. QGS significantly reduced the levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides in both serum and liver tissue and partially protected hepatic function. Additionally, QGS significantly ameliorated hepatic lipid accumulation with histopathology observation, as demonstrated by H&E and oil red O staining. RNA sequencing was used to further investigate the key genes involved in the development and treatment of MAFLD. Hierarchical clustering analysis showed that the gene expression profiles in rats with MAFLD were reversed to normal after QGS treatment. QGS had 222 potential therapeutic targets associated with MAFLD. Enrichment analysis among these targets revealed that QGS affected biological functions/pathways such as the regulation of lipid metabolic processes (GO: 0019216) and the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease pathway (hsa04932), and identified Srebp-1 as a key regulator in the synthesis of cholesterol and triglycerides. Subsequently, both immunofluorescence and Western blot analyses demonstrated that QGS suppressed the transfer of Srebp-1 to the nucleus from the cytoplasm, suggesting that the activation of Srebp-1 was inhibited. Our study reveals the effects and mechanisms of QGS in the treatment of MAFLD and provides insights and prospects to further explore the pathogenesis of MAFLD and TCM therapies.
Application of Carbon Ion and Its Sensitizing Agent in Cancer Therapy: A Systematic Review

Carbon ion radiation therapy (CIRT) is the most advanced radiation therapy (RT) available and offers new opportunities to improve cancer treatment and research. CIRT has a unique physical and biological advantage that allow them to kill tumor cells more accurately and intensively. So far, CIRT has been used in almost all types of malignant tumors, and showed good feasibility, safety and acceptable toxicity, indicating that CIRT has a wide range of development and application prospects. In addition, in order to improve the biological effect of CIRT, scientists are also trying to investigate related sensitizing agents to enhance the killing ability of tumor cells, which has attracted extensive attention. In this review, we tried to systematically review the rationale, advantages and problems, the clinical applications and the sensitizing agents of the CIRT. At the same time, the prospects of the CIRT in were prospected. We hope that this review will help researchers interested in CIRT, sensitizing agents, and radiotherapy to understand their magic more systematically and faster, and provide data reference and support for bioanalysis, clinical medicine, radiotherapy, heavy ion therapy, and nanoparticle diagnostics.
Using Machine Learning to Characterize Atrial Fibrotic Substrate From Intracardiac Signals With a Hybrid in silico and in vivo Dataset

In patients with atrial fibrillation, intracardiac electrogram signal amplitude is known to decrease with increased structural tissue remodeling, referred to as fibrosis. In addition to the isolation of the pulmonary veins, fibrotic sites are considered a suitable target for catheter ablation. However, it remains an open challenge to find fibrotic areas and to differentiate their density and transmurality. This study aims to identify the volume fraction and transmurality of fibrosis in the atrial substrate. Simulated cardiac electrograms, combined with a generalized model of clinical noise, reproduce clinically measured signals. Our hybrid dataset approach combines in silico and clinical electrograms to train a decision tree classifier to characterize the fibrotic atrial substrate. This approach captures different in vivo dynamics of the electrical propagation reflected on healthy electrogram morphology and synergistically combines it with synthetic fibrotic electrograms from in silico experiments. The machine learning algorithm was tested on five patients and compared against clinical voltage maps as a proof of concept, distinguishing non-fibrotic from fibrotic tissue and characterizing the patient's fibrotic tissue in terms of density and transmurality. The proposed approach can be used to overcome a single voltage cut-off value to identify fibrotic tissue and guide ablation targeting fibrotic areas.
Co-harboring of Novel blaKPC–2 Plasmid and Integrative and Conjugative Element Carrying Tn6203 in Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Many strains of the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa have acquired resistance to multiple antibiotics. Carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa poses a global healthcare problem due to limited therapeutic options for the treatment of infections. Plasmids and integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs) are the major vectors of antibiotic-resistance gene transfer. In our study, four carbapenem-resistant strains of P. aeruginosa were isolated from the same patient in a tertiary referral hospital in China, one of these was resistant to gentamicin and tobramycin. In this strain P33, we observed a non-transferable plasmid, pP33-2, carrying a novel blaKPC−2 gene segment (ISKpn27-blaKPC−2-ISKpn6-korC-ORF-klcA-IS26), which we concluded to have been formed by IS26-mediated gene cluster translocation. In addition, by comparing the chromosomes of the P. aeruginosa strains that belong to the same sequence type, we identified an ICE, ICEP33, adjacent to a prophage. The attL site of ICEP33 is identical to the terminal part of the attR site of the prophage. The ICEP33 element contains the transposon Tn6203, which encodes antibiotic and metal resistance genes. The insertion of ICEP33 in the chromosome mediates resistance to multiple antibiotics. Our study contributes to the understanding of the acquisition of antibiotic resistance in P. aeruginosa facilitated by mobile genetic elements.
A Catalog of Human Genes Associated With Pathozoospermia and Functional Characteristics of These Genes

Genetic causes of the global decline in male fertility are among the hot spots of scientific research in reproductive genetics. The most common way to evaluate male fertility in clinical trials is to determine semen quality. Lower semen quality is very often accompanied by subfertility or infertility, occurs in many diseases and can be caused by many factors, including genetic ones. The following forms of lowered semen quality (pathozoospermia) are known: azoospermia, oligozoospermia, asthenozoospermia, teratozoospermia, and some combined forms. To systematize information about the genetic basis of impaired spermatogenesis, we created a catalog of human genes associated with lowered semen quality (HGAPat) and analyzed their functional characteristics. The catalog comprises data on 126 human genes. Each entry of the catalog describes an association between an allelic variant of the gene and a particular form of lowered semen quality, extracted from the experimental study. Most genes included into the catalog are located on autosomes and are associated with such pathologies as non-obstructive azoospermia, oligozoospermia or asthenozoospermia. Slightly less than half of the included genes (43%) are expressed in the testes in a tissue-specific manner. Functional annotation of genes from the catalog showed that spermatogenic failure can be associated with mutations in genes that control biological processes essential for spermiogenesis (regulating DNA metabolism, cell division, formation of cellular structures, which provide cell movement) as well as with mutations in genes that control cellular responses to unfavorable conditions (stress factors, including oxidative stress and exposure to toxins).