Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Can visual stimulus induce proprioceptive drift in the upper arm using virtual reality

Sustained isometric contractions (SIC), such as holding an arm stationary in a space, are often used in upper limb rehabilitation exercises, particularly where it is important to protect the joints and tendons or to reduce patient fatigue. However, visual cues within a virtual environment may have an unanticipated effect on the ability to maintain SIC. This study investigated the influence of background motion within a virtual environment on the ability to maintain a fixed position during an upper limb task. It was found that introducing directional movement had a significant differential effect on the ability to maintain SIC.
Recent Advancements in Antifibrotic Therapies for Regression of Liver Fibrosis

Cirrhosis is a severe form of liver fibrosis that results in the irreversible replacement of liver tissue with scar tissue in the liver. Environmental toxicity, infections, metabolic causes, or other genetic factors including autoimmune hepatitis can lead to chronic liver injury and can result in inflammation and fibrosis. This activates myofibroblasts to secrete ECM proteins, resulting in the formation of fibrous scars on the liver. Fibrosis regression is possible through the removal of pathophysiological causes as well as the elimination of activated myofibroblasts, resulting in the reabsorption of the scar tissue. To date, a wide range of antifibrotic therapies has been tried and tested, with varying degrees of success. These therapies include the use of growth factors, cytokines, miRNAs, monoclonal antibodies, stem-cell-based approaches, and other approaches that target the ECM. The positive results of preclinical and clinical studies raise the prospect of a viable alternative to liver transplantation in the near future. The present review provides a synopsis of recent antifibrotic treatment modalities for the treatment of liver cirrhosis, as well as a brief summary of clinical trials that have been conducted to date.
Research on a new Tm3+-doped Ca3La2W2O12 blue-emitting phosphor for plant-cultivation LEDs

Recently, rare-earth doped phosphors have been newly developed and applied in phosphor-converted light-emitting diodes (pc-LEDs). A Tm3+-activated tungstate Ca3La2W2O12 blue-emitting phosphor was synthesized by a high-temperature solid-state reaction. The phase purity, crystallinity, and surface morphology of the Ca3La2W2O12: xTm3+ (x = 0.2%-15% mol) phosphors were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction. Under 358 nm excitation, the phosphor can exhibit narrow blue-light emission at 460 nm due to the transition 1G4 →3 H6 of Tm3+. The critical energy transfer distance and optimal doping concentration of Tm3+ ions are 16.92 Å and 0.10 mol, respectively. The Commission International del’Eclairage (CIE) chromaticity coordinates of Ca3La2W2O12:0.10Tm3+ are (0.1447, 0.0492) with a high color purity 95.8%. The results suggested Ca3La2W2O12:Tm3+ phosphors can be promising blue-emitting components for LED applications.
A Pyramid of Cultural Markers for Guiding Culturalcentered Website Design

During the last five years, we have done several studies aiming at understanding the link between website design and the user’s culture. From these studies we have identified a number of cultural markers that affect website usability, understanding and acceptance. Based on these results, this paper offers five groups of cultural markers to be used as guidelines for designing user cultural-centered localized websites. The five groups are organized as levels in a pyramid and in this way it allows for different degrees of localization. Also internationalization can be achieved using this cultural markers pyramid.
A low power CMOS programmable gain amplifier employing positive feedback technique

This paper presents a low power CMOS programmable gain amplifier (PGA) utilizing a novel gm‐boosting technique to increase the maximum achievable DC gain. The structure increases the effective transconductance of the circuit without any additional elements. The gain enhancement is accomplished without increasing the power consumption. The variable gain function is achieved by varying the effective transconductance of the circuit and its output resistance. The proposed PGA achieves a wide gain range of 47.5 dB from 2.1 to 49.6 dB with a constant bandwidth. According to the post‐layout simulation results of the proposed circuit in 0.18‐μm TSMC CMOS process the bandwidth and the input referred noise voltage at the maximum gain are 11.3 MHz and 10.76 nV/sqrt (Hz), respectively. The second and third harmonic distortions of the proposed PGA at the minimum gain are less than −72.4 and −40.7 dB, respectively. The core circuit of proposed PGA draws only 164 μA from a 1.2‐V supply voltage occupying an area of 29 μm * 26 μm.
Multimodal Functionalities of HIV-1 Integrase

Integrase is the retroviral protein responsible for integrating reverse transcripts into cellular genomes. Co-packaged with viral RNA and reverse transcriptase into capsid-encased viral cores, human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) integrase has long been implicated in reverse transcription and virion maturation. However, the underlying mechanisms of integrase in these non-catalytic-related viral replication steps have remained elusive. Recent results have shown that integrase binds genomic RNA in virions, and that mutational or pharmacological disruption of integrase-RNA binding yields eccentric virion particles with ribonucleoprotein complexes situated outside of the capsid shell. Such viruses are defective for reverse transcription due to preferential loss of integrase and viral RNA from infected target cells. Parallel research has revealed defective integrase-RNA binding and eccentric particle formation as common features of class II integrase mutant viruses, a phenotypic grouping of viruses that display defects at steps beyond integration. In light of these new findings, we propose three new subclasses of class II mutant viruses (a, b, and c), all of which are defective for integrase-RNA binding and particle morphogenesis, but differ based on distinct underlying mechanisms exhibited by the associated integrase mutant proteins. We also assess how these findings inform the role of integrase in HIV-1 particle maturation.
Runtime Testability on Autonomous System

More than ever, autonomous systems that are critical to everyday life, social infrastructure, and social security are increasingly dependent on sophisticated hardware computer systems. As the computer hardware systems become increasingly complex and semiconductor manufacturing technology becomes continuously miniaturized (especially in several nanometer technologies), there is a corresponding increased vulnerability to system malfunction caused by runtime hardware defects. Detecting defects that will be generated in postdeployment time is impossible in the predeployment verification. This is the reason why some lifetime testabilities are necessary, especially for autonomous systems requiring extremely high-reliable functionalities. This article proposes a hardware architecture that extends the pre-deployment mass production verification (such as the scan-test) to the lifetime of the hardware systems, to guarantee the mass production verification level integrity for the hardware systems in their lifetime. In addition, this article explains how to recover hardware functionalities compromised by runtime defects.
A 0.13-µm CMOS PCSNIM LNA for Multi-Standard 0.9, 1.8, and 2.1 GHz Mobile Application

Abstract This work is on the design of a fully integrated 0.13-µm CMOS multi-standard power constrained simultaneous noise and input matching low-noise amplifier (PCSNIM LNA). The multi-standard capability is obtained via the implementation of CMOS switches. The input and output matching are fully implemented on a chip, which is uncommon when compared to the existing multi-standard LNA topologies. The multi-standard LNA is operated at 0.9, 1.8, and 2.1 GHz frequencies. The design covered wireless standards of GSM900, DCS1800, and W-CDMA applications. The multi-standard LNA can obtain noise figure as low as 1.72 dB. The third-order intercept point, IIP3, is as high as −4 dBm, while IP1dB is −10 dBm. The power consumption of the design is only 7.4 mW. This resistorless multi-standard LNA design is not just able to operate at three different frequencies but also has a comparable performance with the rest. Its merits are contributed by high linearity and low power.
Mental Health Experiences of Teachers: A Scoping Review

Teacher mental health continues to be of concern in elementary and secondary schools; however, supporting teacher wellbeing is understudied (Parker et al., 2012; Roffey, 2012), particularly from a gender perspective (Bourgeault et al., 2021). Among professionals, teachers exhibit one of the highest levels of job stress and burnout on the job. (Hakanen et al., 2006; Stoeber & Rennert, 2008). This scoping review investigates and consolidates the existing research on teacher mental health, leaves of absences, and return-to-work. Work context and personal factors/family context contribute to teacher stress and attrition and by extension may impact temporary leaves of absence (Pressley, 2021). Several articles report on interventions with moderate success to reduce teacher stress, but no studies evaluated return-to-work interventions (Ebert, 2014; Kwak et al., 2019). The amount of stress teachers are experiencing and the pressure that is causing them to burn out is the most common narrative present in the literature. The review highlights gaps in the literature surrounding teacher mental health, leaves of absence, and return-to-work and a notable gap regarding the role of gender.
Ubicación del centro educativo y uso de videojuegos

El presente estudio pretende conocer si la ubicación del centro educativo al que acuden los adolescentes determina el uso de videojuegos de esta población. Este trabajo se integra dentro de una investigación de carácter cuantitativo de tipo descriptivo, que cuenta con una muestra total de 708 adolescentes cursando o bien educación secundaria o bachillerato en el momento de la recolección de datos, con edades comprendidas entre los 12 y los 18 años (M: 13.81; DT: 1.25). Se utilizó un cuestionario con ítems de variables personales, académicas y uso de videojuegos. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que aquellos jóvenes que acuden a un centro urbano refieren que los videojuegos son la principal ocupación de su tiempo libre en mayor medida que los que acuden a centros rurales. El primer colectivo refiere tanto más años dedicados como más horas invertidas a este tipo de divertimento, especialmente durante la semana lectiva. En lo referente a la plataforma preferida de juego, emergen preferencias similares, ocupando el primer lugar el móvil o Tablet y la consola conectada a televisión. Finalmente, los jóvenes rurales prefieren hacer uso del videojuego Among Us, mientras que los urbanos, Fortnite, mostrando ambos grupos gran preferencia por juegos online multijugador. A modo de conclusión, es interesante contrastar datos sobre uso de videojuegos en población rural y urbana para conocer cómo se interrelacionan dos realidades actuales: por un lado, la expansión paulatina del mundo de videojuego, y, por el otro, la realidad de la brecha digital entre los ámbitos urbano y rural.
Recommended levels of calcium and non-phytate phosphorus for yellow-feathered broilers (finisher phase)

Objective This study examined the effects of dietary calcium (Ca) and non-phytate phosphorus (NPP) on performance, tibial characteristics, meat quality and plasma biochemical variables in yellow-feathered broilers during 85 to 105 d of age. Methods A total of 720 heads of 85-d broilers were allocated into 9 groups and provided with three levels of Ca (0.65%, 0.75%, 0.85%), and NPP (0.25%, 0.30%, 0.35%) in diets for 21 d. Results The final body weight (FW), average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed to gain ratio (F:G) were affected (p<0.05) by dietary Ca. From the quadratic regressions, the optimal level of Ca in diet were 0.71% for FW and ADG, and 0.67% for ADFI. Dietary Ca and NPP both significantly affected tibial breaking strength and density. From the quadratic regressions, the optimal level of Ca and NPP in diet were 0.81% and 0.37% for tibial density. The shear force of breast muscle of broilers given 0.75% or 0.85% Ca were lower than that in birds with 0.65% Ca and drip loss of birds given 0.65% or 0.75% Ca was lower than that in birds with 0.85% Ca (p<0.05). The drip loss of birds given 0.25% NPP was lowest among all NPP treatments (p<0.05). Calcium affected (p<0.05) the plasmal contents of phosphorus, osteocalcin (OC), parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin and the contents of OC and PTH were also influenced by dietary NPP. Conclusion Dietary Ca and NPP level affected tibial characteristics, meat quality and biochemical variables in plasma of finisher-phase yellow-feathered broilers (85 to 105 d) and Ca also affected growth performance. Dietary 0.71% Ca and 0.30% NPP were enough for growth performance, while considering the growth performance, tibial characteristics, meat quality and biochemical variables together, 0.75% Ca and 0.37% NPP were recommended.
Bone Marrow-Derived Cells Contribute to the Maintenance of Thymic Stroma including TECs

In paradox to critical functions for T-cell selection and self-tolerance, the thymus undergoes profound age-associated atrophy and loss of T-cell function, further enhanced by cancer therapies. Identifying thymic epithelial progenitor populations capable of forming functional thymic tissue will be critical in understanding thymic epithelial cell (TEC) ontogeny and designing strategies to reverse involution. We identified a new population of progenitor cells, present in both the thymus and bone marrow (BM) of mice, that coexpress the hematopoietic marker CD45 and the definitive thymic epithelial marker EpCAM and maintain the capacity to form functional thymic tissue. Confocal analysis and qRT-PCR of sorted cells from both BM and thymus confirmed coexpression of CD45 and EpCAM. Grafting of C57BL/6 fetal thymi under the kidney capsule of H2BGFP transgenic mice revealed that peripheral CD45+ EpCAM+ GFP-expressing cells migrate into the developing thymus and contribute to both TECs and FSP1-expressing thymic stroma. Sorted BM-derived CD45+ EpCAM+ cells contribute to reaggregate thymic organ cultures (RTOCs) and differentiate into keratin and FoxN1-expressing TECs, demonstrating that BM cells can contribute to the maintenance of TEC microenvironments previously thought to be derived solely from endoderm. BM-derived CD45+ EpCAM+ cells represent a new source of progenitor cells that contribute to thymic homeostasis. Future studies will characterize the contribution of BM-derived CD45+ EpCAM+ TEC progenitors to distinct functional TEC microenvironments in both the steady-state thymus and under conditions of demand. Cell therapies utilizing this population may help counteract thymic involution in cancer patients.
The Nuclear Magnetic Flowmeter for Monitoring the Consumption and Composition of Oil and Its Complex Mixtures in Real-Time

The necessity of increasing the efficiency of primary oil purification in a drilling station or an offshore platform has been substantiated. We consider the problems that arise during the primary processing of oil mixtures. Important conditions for increasing the efficiency of primary purification (separation) of oil mixtures include measuring the consumption and determining the content of various impurities (water, undissolved particles) and air in them, with an error of no more than 2%. We analyzed the possibilities of using various designs of flowmeters to measure the consumption of the oil mixture coming from a well. It is also necessary to use other measuring instruments to control the state of this mixture, which creates additional problems (searching for an appropriate locations to place them, providing the required operating conditions). Various designs of nuclear magnetic flowmeters–relaxometers were considered, making it possible to measure the consumption of a liquid medium and its times of longitudinal T1 and transverse T2 relaxation with one device. The measured values of T1 and T2 determine the state of the medium. The design of the industrial nuclear magnetic flowmeter–relaxometer M-Phase 5000, which is used to control the flow and quality of oil and oil products, was considered in more detail. Problems were identified that did not allow using this design of a nuclear magnetic flowmeter–relaxometer in a drilling rig or offshore platform. A new design of a nuclear magnetic flowmeter–relaxometer was developed, implementing the methods for measuring q, T1, and T2. These methods and various technical solutions make it possible to use this device at a drilling station or offshore platform. The measurement errors of the consumption q, T1, and T2 were determined. The results of various media studies are presented and compared with q, T1, and T2 measurements on other devices and measured volume (to confirm the adequacy of q measurements). The application scopes of the developed nuclear magnetic flowmeter–relaxometer were determined, in addition to the systems of primary oil processing.
Age Moderates the Effect of Injury Severity on Functional Trajectories in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Study Using the NIDILRR Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems National Dataset

Age is a risk factor for a host of poor outcomes following traumatic brain injury (TBI), with some evidence suggesting that age is also a source of excess disability. We tested the extent to which age moderates the effect of injury severity on functional trajectories over 15 years post injury. Data from 11,442 participants from the 2020 National Institute of Disability and Independent Living Rehabiitation Research (NIDILRR) Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems (TBIMS) National Dataset were analyzed using linear mixed effects models. Injury severity was operationally defined using a composite of Glasgow Coma Scale scores, structural imaging findings, and the number of days with post-trauma amnesia. Functioning was measured using the Glasgow Outcomes Scale-Extended. Age at injury was the hypothesized moderator. Race, ethnicity, sex, education, and marital status served as covariates. The results showed a significant confounder-adjusted effect of injury severity and age of injury on the linear slope in functioning. The age effect was strongest for those with mild TBI. Thus, the effects of injury severity on functional trajectory were found to be moderated by age. To optimize outcomes, TBI rehabilitation should be developed specifically for older patients. Age should also be a major focus in TBI research.
Prodigious Valve: Ultrasound Will Surely Help!!!

A 28‐year‐old, G2 P1 + 0 antenatal female with bleeding per vagina diagnosed as placenta previa, was brought for emergency Caesarean section (C‐section). Two large‐bore intravenous cannula were secured and general anaesthesia was planned. We cannulated the right radial artery with a 20G arterial cannula for continuous blood pressure monitoring. In order to administer fluid, blood and blood products, we planned to cannulate right IJV with 7 French triple lumen central venous catheter using landmark guided technique. Internal jugular vein was identified in the first attempt by the presence of free backflow of venous blood. Later, a guidewire was threaded through it. However, at around 6‐8 cm, some resistance was felt. To overcome this resistance, the position was modified and the second attempt was taken, right IJV was again identified and resistance was felt at the same distance. Therefore, we abandoned the procedure on the right‐side and left‐sided IJV was cannulated. General anaesthesia was given and C‐section was uneventful. After C‐section, it was decided to analyze the right IJV using ultrasound. Ultrasonographic assessment of right IJV was done using a portable Sonosite machine with a 7.5 MHz linear array probe. First, a short‐axis view of right IJV was acquired by keeping the probe in the sagittal plane at the level of the cricoid cartilage and then probe was moved in a caudal direction to assess its patency. Moving downward, we found a flap‐like structure within compressible right IJV in the absence of echogenic mass [Figure 1]. USG probe was then kept in the longitudinal plane to obtain a long‐ axis view and a valve‐like structure (with two cusps) was identified [Figure 2]. The location of the bicuspid valve in course of right IJV corresponded to the point of resistance during the threading of guidewire. Hence, presence of valves in the right IJV prevented further passage of a guidewire through it.
OBSERVATIONS ON DAIRY COW COMFORT: DIAGONAL LUNGING, RESTING, STANDING AND PERCHING IN FREE STALL

The loss of valuable dairy cows because of diseases related to the husbandry system is frustrating and costly. Two case farms provided data to study issues of interest to dairymen - diagonal lunging, stall use, and resting, standing and perching in the stalls. At Study Farm 1, 14% of cows had bruising over the last rib because of lying against an extended loop. The proportion of diagonal lunging was 0.34 when the facing stall was empty whereas it was 0.81 when the facing stall was occupied (OR=0.12, 95% CI 0.05 - 0.29, P<0.000). The proportion of diagonal lunging was 0.61 with the neck rail located 163 cm (64 inches) from the curb whereas the proportion was 0.82 when it was located at 173 cm (68 inches) (OR=0.32, 95% CI 0.14 - 0.74, P=0.008). The bruising disappeared after changing the loops and no new cases have appeared. At Study Farm 2, the proportion of diagonal lunging was 0.68 in the original stalls with obstructions at the front and 0.44 in the modified stalls with obstructions removed (.2 (1,N=240) = 14.3, P<0.000, OR=2.7, 95% CI 1.6-4.6). Stall dimensions that encourage standing and lying straight in the stall should be of benefit for stall cleanliness. At Study Farm 2, resting time increased from a median of 36 minutes in the original stall to 59.5 minutes in the new larger stall (P=0.008). Standing time decreased from a median of 5.5 minutes to 3 minutes (P=0.004). Perching time decreased from a median of 8 minutes to 4 minutes (P=0.002). Because resting, standing, and perching are important behaviors for foot health, matching cow dimensions and stall dimensions to alter these behaviors should benefit everyone's cows.
Development of Hydroxyapatite Coating on Titanium Alloy for Orthopedic Applications

Biomaterials are synthetic materials that are utilized to restore or replace damaged or diseased human body parts, allowing them to regain their original form and function to improve the quality and longevity of human life. Titanium and its alloys have long been employed in biomedical applications due to its remarkable features, such as good biocompatibility, resistance to bodily fluid effects, tremendous tensile strength, flexibility, and high corrosion resistance. Titanium and its alloys have a unique combination of strength and biocompatibility that makes them suitable for medical or recreational purposes. If these materials are used as bio-implant, it releases toxic ions like aluminium and vanadium in the body fluid environment after implantation. [1-3] To overcome the problem, Ti6Al4V alloy was coated with hydroxyapatite (HAp), which provides better bioactivity, osteocompatibility, and antibacterial activity. This layer prevents the further passing of ions from the biomaterial and improves the tissue growth on the bone. The present work is to synthesize HAp from snail shells using a simple wet precipitation method. [4] The waste material of snail shells can be utilized for the development of the HAp, which was non-toxic, eco-friendly, and also to improve bioactivity and biocompatibility of the biomaterials. The prepared HAp was coated on the Ti6Al4V alloy by using the electro-deposition method. [5] Thermal analysis of obtained CaO powder was investigated by TG–DTA analysis. The coated alloy was characterized by various techniques such as FTIR, XRD, TG-DTA, FESEM, EDAX, AFM, and antibacterial activity.