Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Availability and Nutritional Composition of Street Food in Urban Central Asia: Findings From Almaty, Kazakhstan

Objective: To describe the availability and nutritional composition of commonly available street foods in Almaty, Kazakhstan. Methods: 384 street food vending sites (in 10 public markets) were assessed; information on vending sites’ characteristics and food availability and samples of the most commonly available street foods (81 homemade; 40 industrial) were collected for chemical analysis. Results: Fruit, beverages and food other than fruit were available in 1.0%, 47.4% and 92.7% of all vending sites. Homemade food other than fruit (e.g., bread, main dishes, snacks, pastries, sandwiches, and cakes) were available in 63.4% of stationary vending sites, while industrial (e.g., snacks, chocolate, cakes, and cookies) in 45.6% of them. Industrial foods were the most energy-dense [median kcal/100 g: 438.8 vs. 267.2, p < 0.001 (homemade)]. Traditional homemade dishes were high in sodium, reaching 2,248 mg/serving (lagman) and major contributors of protein and fat to energy content (shashlik: 22.8% from protein, 68.3% from fat). Industrial chocolate and homemade cake presented the highest saturated (14.6 g/serving) and trans-fat (3.20 g/serving) contents. Conclusion: These findings advocate for the implementation of health promotion strategies targeted at vendors, consumers and other stakeholders.
Flexible Thermal Sensitivity of Mitochondrial Oxygen Consumption and Substrate Oxidation in Flying Insect Species

Mitochondria have been suggested to be paramount for temperature adaptation in insects. Considering the large range of environments colonized by this taxon, we hypothesized that species surviving large temperature changes would be those with the most flexible mitochondria. We thus investigated the responses of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to temperature in three flying insects: the honeybee (Apis mellifera carnica), the fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) and the Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata). Specifically, we measured oxygen consumption in permeabilized flight muscles of these species at 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42 and 45°C, sequentially using complex I substrates, proline, succinate, and glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P). Complex I respiration rates (CI-OXPHOS) were very sensitive to temperature in honeybees and fruit flies with high oxygen consumption at mid-range temperatures but a sharp decline at high temperatures. Proline oxidation triggers a major increase in respiration only in potato beetles, following the same pattern as CI-OXPHOS for honeybees and fruit flies. Moreover, both succinate and G3P oxidation allowed an important increase in respiration at high temperatures in honeybees and fruit flies (and to a lesser extent in potato beetles). However, when reaching 45°C, this G3P-induced respiration rate dropped dramatically in fruit flies. These results demonstrate that mitochondrial functions are more resilient to high temperatures in honeybees compared to fruit flies. They also indicate an important but species-specific mitochondrial flexibility for substrate oxidation to sustain high oxygen consumption levels at high temperatures and suggest previously unknown adaptive mechanisms of flying insects’ mitochondria to temperature.
Long Term Outcome of 112 Pediatric Patients With Ureteroplevic Junction Obstruction Treated by Endourologic Retrograde Balloon Dilatation

Purpose To analyze the effectiveness, complications and long-term outcome of the patients with ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) treated by endoscopic retrograde balloon dilatation (ERBD) in the largest series reported. Materials and Methods Between years 2004 and 2018, 112 patients with primary unilateral UPJO were treated by ERBD. Endoscopic treatment consisted on a retrograde balloon dilatation of the ureteropelvic junction (UPJ), through cystoscopy and under fluoroscopic guidance, using high-pressure balloon catheters. In case of persistence in the balloon notch, a Cutting Balloon™ catheter was used. Double-J stent was placed after dilatation. Results Mean age at surgery was 13.1 ± 21.3 months, 92 cases being younger than 18 months. Mean operative time was 24.4 ± 10.3 min; hospital stay was 1 day in 82% of patients. No intraoperative complications occurred. UPJ was calibrated at time of stent removal with cystoscopy 39.1 ± 13.7 days after dilatation. ERBD was not possible in 11 cases. An additional procedure was needed in 24 cases: second ERBD (n = 11, seven during the stent withdrawal), a third dilatation (n = 3) due to persistent hydronephrosis, and percutaneous endopyelotomy (n = 3) or open pyeloplasty (n = 7) in cases of technical failure. Significant improvement in postoperative ultrasound measures were observed (p < 0.05, T-test). Long-term success rate was 76.8% after one dilatation, and 86.6% in those who required up to 2 dilatations. Mean follow-up was 66.7 ± 37.5 months. Conclusions ERBD is a feasible and safe option for the minimally invasive treatment of UPJ obstruction in infants. Long-term outcome is acceptable with a very low complication rate.
Editorial: LGBT Inclusion in Schools

Susan Sontag (2007). In proposing this Research Topic, we were interested in hearing accounts from practitioners and scholars who are involved in studying the narratives associated with LGBTQ+ experiences across a range of educational, community and cultural domains. Research continues to suggest that queer young people experience higher rates of depression, anxiety and self-harm compared to their heterosexual peers (Goldbach and Gibbs, 2017). Evidence also indicates that they are more likely to attempt suicide (Marshal et al., 2011) and experience eating disorders (Austin et al., 2013). We hoped that the Research Topic would engage with the multitude of stories that represent the diversity of LGBTQ+ lives as lived and the authors of the papers are globally situated and united around “flipping the (normative) script to survive” (Giroux, 2015). The authors in this Research Topic narrate a contemporary account of the social realities as experienced by LGBTQ+ individuals and their allies, and in doing so rewrite the dominant narratives so often expressed in and by minority stress theory (Meyer, 2003) which considers how stress can affect the mental health outcomes in individuals with a minority status. The Research Topic engages with a critical reorientation to the field to elucidate how minority status can expose Queer individuals and their allies to three stressors:
The Ventral Tegmental Area and Nucleus Accumbens as Circadian Oscillators: Implications for Drug Abuse and Substance Use Disorders

Circadian rhythms convergently evolved to allow for optimal synchronization of individuals’ physiological and behavioral processes with the Earth’s 24-h periodic cycling of environmental light and temperature. Whereas the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is considered the primary pacemaker of the mammalian circadian system, many extra-SCN oscillatory brain regions have been identified to not only exhibit sustainable rhythms in circadian molecular clock function, but also rhythms in overall region activity/function and mediated behaviors. In this review, we present the most recent evidence for the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and nucleus accumbens (NAc) to serve as extra-SCN oscillators and highlight studies that illustrate the functional significance of the VTA’s and NAc’s inherent circadian properties as they relate to reward-processing, drug abuse, and vulnerability to develop substance use disorders (SUDs).
Strukturänderung von Sportverbänden Eine Analyse verändernngsbezogener Entscheidungs- und Steuerungsprozesse / Structural Change in Sports Federations An Analysis of Change-Oriented Decision and Steering Processes

Zusammenfassung Sportverbände sehen sich immer wieder gedrängt, ihre Strukturen veränderten Herausforderungen anzupassen. Der Artikel konstruiert Sportverbände zunächst als rekursive Entscheidungsverbünde und reflektiert dann Veränderung als Steuerungsproblem aus der Perspektive organisationalen Lernens. Unter Bezug auf Untersuchungsergebnisse einer empirischen Fallstudie fokussiert er dann, wie verbandsintern mit Veränderungsaufforderungen der Verbandsumwelt umgegangen wird, wie veränderungsbezogene Entscheidungs- und Steuerungsprozesse verlaufen und welche strukturellen Bedingungen und Mechanismen dabei von Bedeutung sind. Der Beitrag schließt mit einer Reflexion möglicher struktureller Alternativen der Verbandsentwicklung. Summary Sports federations are regularly compelled to adapt their structures to new challenges. In a first step, the article presents sports federations as recursive interconnections of decisions. Taking organisational learning as a theoretical foundation, the article then discusses organisational change as a steering problem. Based on the results of an empirical case study, the analysis shows how sports federations cope with demands from their environment for organisational change. Further, change-oriented decisionmaking and steering processes are illustrated, and the relevant structural conditions and mechanisms are identified. The article closes with a reflexion on possible structural alternatives.
Diet and Culture Among Chinese Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Qualitative Study

A growing body of research showed that diet management, such as promoting protein and vitamin intake and food restriction play a crucial role in extending time to morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing hemodialysis. However, the current dietary recommendations in nutrition guidelines lack examination of cultural factors. The study aimed to understand the diet influenced by culture in Chinese patients undergoing hemodialysis. Semi-structured interviews were conducted for 23 patients, aged 23–75 years, undergoing hemodialysis in a local tertiary hospital. Interview questions mainly focused on patients' real experience about diet, and their perceptions and attitudes toward diet. Each interview was digitally recorded, and conventional content analysis was used to attain information. The majority of patients reserved Chinese traditional dietary habits about salt and calcium intake. Although Chinese herbal medicine was not consumed, dietary therapy including brown sugar and dates was included in the participants' diet. Eggs, broth, and seafood were three prominent preferences and taboos profoundly impacted by culture. Additionally, Chinese social culture influenced patients' dietary behavior of eating at home and knowledge attainment. Diet in Chinese patients undergoing hemodialysis was still strongly influenced by culture. Culturally sensitive interventions regarding the improvement of diet intake are urgently needed.
Optimal Data-Generation Strategy for Machine Learning Yield Functions in Anisotropic Plasticity

Trained machine learning (ML) algorithms can serve as numerically efficient surrogate models of sophisticated but numerically expensive constitutive models of material behavior. In the field of plasticity, ML yield functions have been proposed that serve as the basis of a constitutive model for plastic material behavior. If the training data for such ML flow rules is gained by micromechanical models, the training procedure can be considered as a homogenization method that captures essential information of microstructure-property relationships of a given material. However, generating training data with micromechanical methods, as for example, the crystal plasticity finite element method, is a numerically challenging task. Hence, in this work, it is investigated how an optimal data-generation strategy for the training of a ML model can be established that produces reliable and accurate ML yield functions with the least possible effort. It is shown that even for materials with a significant plastic anisotropy, as polycrystals with a pronounced Goss texture, 300 data points representing the yield locus of the material in stress space, are sufficient to train the ML yield function successfully. Furthermore, it is demonstrated how data-oriented flow rules can be used in standard finite element analysis.
Dynamic Video Image Segmentation Based on Dual Channel Convolutional Kernel and Multi-Frame Feature Fusion

The color image of the fire hole is key for the working condition identification of the aluminum electrolysis cell (AEC). However, the image of the fire hole is difficult for image segmentation due to the nonuniform distributed illuminated background and oblique beam radiation. Thus, a joint dual channel convolution kernel (DCCK) and multi-frame feature fusion (MFF) method is developed to achieve dynamic fire hole video image segmentation. Considering the invalid or extra texture disturbances in the edge feature images, the DCCK is used to select the effective edge features. Since the obtained edge features of the fire hole are not completely closed, the MFF algorithm is further applied to complement the missing portion of the edge. This method can assist to obtain the complete fire hole image of the AEC. The experiment results demonstrate that the proposed method has higher precision, recall rate, and lower boundary redundancy rate with well segmented image edge for the aid of working condition identification of the AEC.
Cellular Heterogeneity of the Heart

Recent advances in technology such as the introduction of high throughput multidimensional tools like single cell sequencing help to characterize the cellular composition of the human heart. The diversity of cell types that has been uncovered by such approaches is by far greater than ever expected before. Accurate identification of the cellular variety and dynamics will not only facilitate a much deeper understanding of cardiac physiology but also provide important insights into mechanisms underlying its pathological transformation. Distinct cellular patterns of cardiac cell clusters may allow differentiation between a healthy heart and a sick heart while potentially predicting future disease at much earlier stages than currently possible. These advances have already extensively improved and will ultimately revolutionize our knowledge of the mechanisms underlying cardiovascular disease as such. In this review, we will provide an overview of the cells present in the human and rodent heart as well as genes that may be used for their identification.
Belt and Road Environmental Implications for South Asia

The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) can play a significant role in the sustainable development of South Asia if appropriately implemented. Apart from the economic, trade, and cultural benefits of this colossal infrastructure, less is known about its environmental impact on South Asia. This study looks closely at the potential impact of the BRI on the South Asian environment. This research is based on the government-issued environmental policies, peer-reviewed literature, media articles, and reports. It has been suggested that the BRI could have a negative impact on the South Asian environment, which provided if does not consider the Paris agreement with its partners in the region. The study suggests that partner countries should adopt the BRI project to the principles of environmental impact assessment.
Adolescents With Eating Disorders in Pediatric Practice – The European Academy of Paediatrics Recommendations

In the face of the growing number of adolescents suffering from eating disorders (EDs) and access to psychiatric care limited by the epidemiological and demographic situation, the primary care pediatrician’s role in diagnosing and treating EDs is growing. The European Academy of Paediatrics (EAP) decided to summarize knowledge about EDs and formulate recommendations to support European pediatricians and improve care for adolescents with EDs.
The Impacts of Junk Food on Health

Energy-dense, nutrient-poor foods, otherwise known as junk foods, have never been more accessible and available. Young people are bombarded with unhealthy junk-food choices daily, and this can lead to life-long dietary habits that are difficult to undo. In this article, we explore the scientific evidence behind both the short-term and long-term impacts of junk food consumption on our health.
EGCG Inhibits Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis Through Downregulation of SIRT1 in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells

Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a frequently studied catechin in green tea, has been shown involved in the anti-proliferation and apoptosis of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of the apoptotic effects of EGCG has not been fully investigated. Recent literature emphasized the importance of Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), an NAD+-dependent protein deacetylase, in regulating cellular stress responses, survival, and organismal lifespan. Herein, the study showed that EGCG could significantly inhibit cell proliferation and promote apoptosis of 2 NPC (CNE-2 and 5-8F) cell lines. Moreover, it was also found that SIRT1 is down-regulated by EGCG, and the SIRT1-p53 signaling pathway participates in the effects of EGCG on CNE-2 and 5-8 F cells. Taken together, the findings of this study provided evidence that EGCG could inhibit the growth of NPC cell lines and is linked with the inhibition of the SIRT1-p53 signaling pathway, suggesting the therapeutic potential of EGCG in human NPC.
PET/CT Based EGFR Mutation Status Classification of NSCLC Using Deep Learning Features and Radiomics Features

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the performance of radiomics and deep learning in predicting EGFR mutation status in patients with lung cancer based on PET/CT images, and tried to explore a model with excellent prediction performance to accurately predict EGFR mutation status in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Method: PET/CT images of 194 NSCLC patients from Xijing Hospital were collected and divided into a training set and a validation set according to the ratio of 7:3. Statistics were made on patients’ clinical characteristics, and a large number of features were extracted based on their PET/CT images (4306 radiomics features and 2048 deep learning features per person) with the pyradiomics toolkit and 3D convolutional neural network. Then a radiomics model (RM), a deep learning model (DLM), and a hybrid model (HM) were established. The performance of the three models was compared by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, calibration curves, and decision curves. In addition, a nomogram based on a deep learning score (DS) and the most significant clinical characteristic was plotted. Result: In the training set composed of 138 patients (64 with EGFR mutation and 74 without EGFR mutation), the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of HM (0.91, 95% CI: 0.86–0.96) was higher than that of RM (0.82, 95% CI: 0.75–0.89) and DLM (0.90, 95% CI: 0.85–0.95). In the validation set composed of 57 patients (32 with EGFR mutation and 25 without EGFR mutation), the AUC of HM (0.85, 95% CI: 0.77–0.93) was also higher than that of RM (0.68, 95% CI: 0.52–0.84) and DLM (0.79, 95% CI: 0.67–0.91). In all, HM achieved better diagnostic performance in predicting EGFR mutation status in NSCLC patients than two other models. Conclusion: Our study showed that the deep learning model based on PET/CT images had better performance than radiomics model in diagnosing EGFR mutation status of NSCLC patients based on PET/CT images. Combined with the most statistically significant clinical characteristic (smoking) and deep learning features, our hybrid model had better performance in predicting EGFR mutation types of patients than two other models, which could enable NSCLC patients to choose more personalized treatment schemes.
UWB flexible filter with low loss and excellent stopband performance

The compact UWB flexible filter with low loss and excellent stop band suppression on ultrathin liquid crystal polymer substrate is presented firstly. A uniform microstrip line connected with five pairs of stubs is used. The flexible filter with the pass band of 4.1–10.6 GHz. The measured minimum insertion loss is 0.76 dB at 5.4 GHz and the return loss is better than 11.3 dB. While the frequency is higher than 12.1 GHz, excellent high resistance band suppression is obtained. The bending behavior of the UWB flexible filter is analyzed. In case of R = 17.5 mm, the insertion loss is only improved by 0.004 dB and the return loss is optimized by 0.45dB. Good agreement is obtained between the flat and the bending. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 59:194–197, 2017
Non-homologous End Joining-Mediated Insertional Mutagenesis Reveals a Novel Target for Enhancing Fatty Alcohols Production in Yarrowia lipolytica

Non-homologous end joining (NHEJ)-mediated integration is effective in generating random mutagenesis to identify beneficial gene targets in the whole genome, which can significantly promote the performance of the strains. Here, a novel target leading to higher protein synthesis was identified by NHEJ-mediated integration that seriously improved fatty alcohols biosynthesis in Yarrowia lipolytica. One batch of strains transformed with fatty acyl-CoA reductase gene (FAR) showed significant differences (up to 70.53-fold) in fatty alcohol production. Whole-genome sequencing of the high-yield strain demonstrated that a new target YALI0_A00913g (“A1 gene”) was disrupted by NHEJ-mediated integration of partial carrier DNA, and reverse engineering of the A1 gene disruption (YlΔA1-FAR) recovered the fatty alcohol overproduction phenotype. Transcriptome analysis of YlΔA1-FAR strain revealed A1 disruption led to strengthened protein synthesis process that was confirmed by sfGFP gene expression, which may account for enhanced cell viability and improved biosynthesis of fatty alcohols. This study identified a novel target that facilitated synthesis capacity and provided new insights into unlocking biosynthetic potential for future genetic engineering in Y. lipolytica.
Role of CD47-SIRPα Checkpoint in Nanomedicine-Based Anti-Cancer Treatment

Many cancers have evolved various mechanisms to evade immunological surveillance, such as the inhibitory immune checkpoint of the CD47-SIRPα signaling pathway. By targeting this signaling pathway, researchers have developed diverse nanovehicles with different loaded drugs and modifications in anticancer treatment. In this review, we present a brief overview of CD47-SIRPα interaction and nanomedicine. Then, we delve into recent applications of the CD47-SIRPα interaction as a target for nanomedicine-based antitumor treatment and its combination with other targeting pathway drugs and/or therapeutic approaches.