Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Semantic Space of Vehicle Sounds: Developing a Semantic Differential with Regard to Customer Perception

Evaluating the sound quality of a vehicle is a complex process. Physical and psychoacoustical measures cannot sufficiently describe this process with only superficial cues. Customer quality evaluation is based on their perceptions, interpretations and expectations. This study generated a semantic space for vehicle sound. In other words, we elicited numerous attributes related to the perception and quality of vehicle sound. We sought to determine customers’ common language that appropriately describes vehicle sound quality. This study developed and applied a novel systematic approach, which includes a free verbalization interview, a test of participants’ understanding of acoustic attributes, and participant evaluation of the ability of these attributes to describe perceptible vehicle sound properties. In this manner, we created a complete semantic database to describe vehicle sounds and testing the relevance and redundancy of these attributes. At the end of the investigation, we developed two sets of 28 attributes for interior and exterior driving conditions.
Smart material structures: Modeling, estimation, and control

Smart Materials Technology and Control Applications. Modeling Aspects of Shells, Plates and Beams. Patch Contributions to Structural Equations. Well-Posedness of Abstract Structural Models. Estimation of Parameters and Inverse Problems. Damage Detection in Smart Material Structures. Infinite Dimensional Control and Galerkin Approximation. Implementation of Finite-Dimensional Compensators. Modeling and Control in Coupled Systems. Bibliography. Notation. Index.
Electronic transition in liquid Fe at P, T conditions: Implication for double-diffusive convection in Mercury’s dynamo.

A double-diffusive model demonstrated that Mercury's dynamo is driven by thermochemical convection with thermal energy source deep in its core. Although radioactive elements concentrated in the core has been suggested as the source of the energy, arguments were made that there is no geochemical or geophysical validation for this. We report the temperature-dependent resistivity of solid and liquid Fe measured up to 21 GPa in multi anvil. With increasing pressure, we observe resistivity transition with a value change of about 35 µΩ-cm at the melting boundary on the liquid side at ~18 GPa. This change in resistivity corresponds to a change in thermal conductivity of about 30 Wm-1K-1 that would generate ~0.94 TW change in heat flux. This indicates that transition in Fe properties is responsible for thermal buoyancy in Mercury's dynamo and not radioactive materials. From the entropy balance, we estimate a thermal dynamo power of about 0.1 TW.
CDMA Cellular Mobile Communications and Network Security

1. Introduction to Cellular CDMA. CDMA Cell Coverage. Structural Layout of CDMA Channels. Characteristics and Functions of CDMA Channel Link. Call Processing. Authentication and Message Confidentiality. Wideband CDMA Channels. 2. Elements Required for CDMA Channel Operation. Convolutional Encoding. Block Interleaving. Orthogonal Spreading Using Walsh Functions. Direct Sequence Spreading. QPSK and Offset QPSK Modulation. Long Code Generation. Data Scrambling. CDMA Code Channel Quadrature Spreading. Orthogonal Channelization Among All Code Channels. Authentication and Privacy. 3. Reverse CDMA Channel. Access Channel. Reverse Traffic Channel. 4. Forward CDMA Channel. Forward Code Channels. Pilot Channel. Sync Channel. Paging Channel. Forward Traffic Channel. 5. Mobile Station Call Processing. Mobile Station Initialization State. Mobile Station Idle State. System Access State. Mobile Station Control on The Traffic Channel State. 6. Base Station Call Processing. Pilot and Sync Channel Processing. Paging Channel Processing. Access Channel Processing. Traffic Channel Processing. Traffic Channel Initialization Substate. Waiting for Order Substate. Waiting for Answer Substate. Conversation Substate. Release Substate. Registration. Handoff Procedures. 7. Brief Survey of One-Way Hash Functions and Messge Digest. One-Way Function for Crypto-Algorithm. Message Digest Algorithms for Authentication Data. 8. Authentication, Secrecy, and Identification. Mobile Station Identification Number. Electronic Serial Number (ESN). Authentication. Authentication of Mobile Station Registrations. Unique Challenge-Response Procedures. Authentication of Mobile Station Originations. Authentication of Mobile Station Terminations. SSD Update. Signaling Message Encryption. Voice Privacy. Authentication Algorithm. SSD Generation. Message Encryption and Security. 9. Reverse W-CDMA Channel. Reverse Traffic Channel. Reverse Information Channel (RIC). Reverse Signaling Channel (RSC). Reverse Pilot Channel. Access Channel. 10. Forward W-CDMA Channel. Pilot Channel. Sync Channel. Paging Channel. Forward Traffic Channel (FTC).
A learner's dictionary of Kazakh idioms = Қазақ тілін үйренушілерге арналған идиомалар сөздігі

Introduction The Dictionary The BodyArm and Hand EarEye FaceHead Heart and LungLeg and foot Liver and Kidney Miscellaneous Mouth NeckNose Torso Clothing ColorBlack Blue Brown GrayMulticolorRed WhiteYellow Food Humans and Their Kin Life and Death Livestock with Beasts and Birds Beasts and Birds CamelCowDogHorseSheep and Goat Mind and the Intellect Miscellaneous NatureFireMountains and RocksThe EarthThe Sky and the StarsThe Sun and the MoonWater NumbersOne TwoThree and FourFiveSixSeven Eight and NineTen and TwelveThirtyFortyFifty and SixtyNinety, Hundred, and a Thousand The Power of the Word Soul and Spirit SoulSpirit Yurt References and Further Reading IndexesKazakh IdiomsEnglish Idioms Kazakh Key Words English Key WordsKazakh Expressions
The Next Wave of Research in Business Process Management

Business Process Management (BPM) has been evolving as a research discipline for more than a decade and a multitude of innovative concepts, methods and techniques have been suggested, e.g., related to process modeling languages, process model analyses, process enactment infrastructures, process fexibility, and process mining. Although BPM has matured as a research discipline, there is still a gap between its promises and its actual achievements in practice. This keynote speech reflects on this gap, discusses emerging challenges, and relates BPM research to current waves like "Big Data", "Big Software" and "Cloud Computing", which provide new prospects for future BPM research.
Seasonal variation in gas exchange and chlorophyll index of Palicourea racemosa in an open ombrophilous forest

Seasonal variation affects understory and canopy tree plants in different ways. Palicourea racemosa is an understory shrub from the Rubiaceae family and is subject to seasonal oscillations of the environment, which can affect plant ecophysiological responses. This species is widely distributed in humid forests from southern Mexico to southeastern Brazil and has broad economic and ecological importance for the regions of occurrence, being used for food, ornamental and traditional medicine purposes. It is of fundamental importance to know ecophysiological responses of this species throughout dry and rainy periods, to understand the dynamics of understory plants in tropical forests. This research aimed at evaluating the effects of seasonality on ecophysiological aspects of P. racemosa at the Mata do Pau-Ferro State Park, municipality of Areia, Paraiba, Brazil. Over ten months, upper canopy structure indices were measured in ten individuals, climatic data were collected and their effects on gas exchange and chlorophyll indices in plants were evaluated. Results showed that the environmental variables correlated with the ecophysiological ones, with a strong association of soil moisture, rainfall and leaf area index of the upper canopy on ecophysiological aspects in P. racemosa plants, indicating that water availability and irradiance affect gas exchanges and photosynthetic pigment content. Except for intrinsic water use efficiency and instantaneous carboxylation efficiency, all ecophysiological variables showed significant differences over the months, showing the influence of seasonality on the ecophysiological responses of P. racemosa.
Wide-area Congestion Performance Monitoring Using Probe Data

This paper describes a web-based visual analytics monitoring system for identifying major bottlenecks, reporting on travel time reliability, and displaying other congestion measures using private sector vehicle probe data fused with agency incident and event data where available. This system represents an exponential leap forward in capabilities for state DOTs, MPOs, and researchers in their efforts to report on system performance in terms of speed and ease of access, usability, and overall data availability. This paper demonstrates how states are using the system to justify construction projects, demonstrate the benefits of completed transportation projects, identify areas for improvement, and analyze travel times using a variety of data sources with an emphasis on vehicle probe data. The underlying system includes probe data from as early as 2008 through today that is being used to analyze trends from year-to-year, month-to-month, and day-to-day. The resulting suite of tools provides significant new capabilities to researchers and analysts that will likely fuel additional research. A complete description of all functionality can be viewed at the following link which contains a webcast of the suite. http://vpp.ritis. org/suite/screencast
Compendium of Pumped Storage Plants in the United States

The \ICompendium of Pumped Storage Plants in the United States\N was prepared by the Pumped Storage Task Committee of the Hydropower Committee of the ASCE Energy Division. It is intended to be a reference document to describe the characteristics of existing pumped storage plants in the United States. Through the use of tables and lists, the \ICompendium\N summarizes the major civil engineering features of 36 pumped storage plants in order to make the process of analyzing or developing new sites more efficient; to make the preliminary design of new pumped storage projects with similar characteristics more efficient; and to provide a useful educational tool for those new to the field of pumped storage.
Lightweight Self-consolidating Concrete: Statistical Modelling, Mixture Design And Performance Evaluation

A response surface method based experimental study was carried out to model the influence of key parameters on properties of Lightweight Self-Consolidating Concrete (LWSCC) mixtures developed with various types of lightweight aggregates namely, furnace slag (FS), expanded clay (EC), and expanded shale (ESH). Three key parameters were selected to derive mathematical models for evaluating fresh and hardened properties. Water/binder ratio of 0.30 to 0.40, high range water reducing agent (HRWRA) of 0.3 to 1.2% (by total content of binder) and total binder content of 410 to 550 kg/m3 were used for the design of LWSCC mixtures. Slump flow diameter, V-funnel flow time, J-ring flow diameter, J-ring height difference, L-box ratio, filling capacity, bleeding, fresh air content, initial and final set times, sieve segregation, fresh/28-day air/oven dry unit weights and 7- and 28-day compressive strengths were evaluated. Utilizing the developed model, three optimum LWSCC mixes with high desirability were formulated and tested for mechanical, mass transport and durability characteristics. The optimized industrial LWSCC mixtures were produced in lab/industrial set-up with furnace slag, expanded clay, and expanded shale aggregates. The mixtures were evaluated by conducting compressive/flexural/split tensile strength, bond strength (pre/post corrosion), drying shrinkage, sorptivity, absorption, porosity, rapid chloride-ion permeability, hardened air void (%), spacing factor, corrosion resistance, resistance to elevated temperature, salt scaling, freeze-thaw iv resistance, and sulphuric acid resistance tests. It was possible to produce robust LWSCC mixtures that satisfy the European EFNARC criteria for Self-Consolidating Concrete (SCC). The proposed mix design model is proved to be a useful tool for understanding the interactions among mixture parameters that affect important characteristics of LWSCC. This understanding might simplify the mix design process and the required testing, as the model identifies the relative significance of each parameter, provides important information required to optimize mix design and consequently minimizes the effort needed to optimize LWSCC mixtures, and ensures balance among parameters affecting fresh and hardened properties. LWSCCs with FS, EC and ESH lightweight aggregates can reduce the construction pollution, increase the design solutions, extend the service life of the structure and hence, promote sustainability in construction industry.
Motion Characteristics of Subclinical Tremors in Parkinson’s Disease and Healthy Subjects

The Parkinson’s disease tremor characteristics reported previously are not applicable to the full spectrum of severity. The characteristics of high- and low-amplitude tremors differ in signal regularity and frequency dispersion, which indicates that characterization should be studied in separate severity. The subclinical tremor of Parkinson’s disease is close to physiological tremor, yet their distinctive features are still undetermined. This study aims to determine joint motion characteristics that are unique to subclinical Parkinson’s disease tremors. The tremors were characterized by four hand–arm motions based on displacement and peak frequencies. The rest and postural tremors of 63 patients and 62 normal subjects were measured with inertial sensors. The baseline was established from normal tremors, and the joint motions were compared within and between the two subject groups. Displacement analysis shows that pronation–supination and wrist abduction–adduction are the most and least predominant tremor motions respectively, for both Parkinson’s disease and normal tremors. However, the subclinical Parkinson’s disease has significant greater in amplitude and peak frequency in specific predominant motions as compared to normal tremor. The flexion-extension of normal postural tremor increases in frequency from proximal to distal segment, which is explainable by mechanical oscillation. This characteristic is also observed in patients but with amplification in wrist and elbow joints. The contributed distinctive characteristics of subclinical tremors provide clues on the physiological manifestation that is a result of the neuromuscular mechanism of Parkinson’s disease.
Modal parameters identification of elastic drive systems using the Wavelet Transform

Wavelet theory has become a powerful mathematical tool and an important signal processing means for its distinct utilities and its numerous advantages. This paper presents its usefulness on modal identification of a special class of electromechanical systems: the elastic drive systems. It is shown that the Wavelet Transform (WT) of the impulse response of an elastic drive system allows the estimation of the natural frequencies and damping ratios. The method is based on the ridges and skeletons of the WT. The Shannon entropy has been used to optimize the chosen modified Morlet wavelet. The accuracy of the developed method is confirmed by applying it to an elastic Two Mass-Model (2MM) and Three Mass-Model (3MM) systems. The simulation results obtained check the efficiency of the developed identification method even in presence of noise. (6 pages)
Contrastive inferences are sensitive to informativity expectations, adjective semantics and visual salience

People sometimes derive contrastive inferences from adjective-modified noun phrases. For example, the description ‘the short pencil’ would normally be understood to contrast a shorter and a longer pencil. In a series of eye-tracking studies, Sedivy (2003, 2004) found that scalar and material adjectives elicited contrastive inferences, but color adjectives did not, which she interpreted as a difference in informativity expectations. Here we assessed whether not only pragmatics, but also semantic and perceptual factors contribute to the derivation of contrastive inferences. We used Sedivy’s eye-tracking paradigm to compare the interpretation of scalar, material and color adjectives, employing new analyses to test the view that different fixation patterns should be observed on the target and the competitor objects depending on the semantics of the adjective and the visual salience of the encoded property. The results support our hypotheses, confirming that all three adjective types can elicit contrastive inferences, but their derivation is shaped differently by pragmatic, semantic and perceptual factors.
Assessment of Climate Changing Effect on Precipitation and Temperature of Tehran

In this study, we have studied the effect of climate change on precipitation and temperature in Tehran. Climate change affects many aspects of human activity and this effect is greater in large cities such as Tehran so this is an important issue and the main purpose of this study is to investigate the possible changes in the two main parameters related to climate elements (temperature and precipitation). For the coming years, the Tehran city is based on the past climate of this city. To investigate the effect of climate change on precipitation and temperature in Tehran, 30 year statistics and information of 2 stations (Mehrabad and Doshan Tape) in relation to the parameters of precipitation, maximum temperature and minimum temperature based on the daily scale were received from the Meteorological Organization. After the initial statistical corrections on the data based on the Mann-Kendall method for the period 1982 to 2012, we examined the significant trend of the data (incremental and decremental). Then we used the SDSM model to predict the situation from 2015 to 2045. The results of this study showed that based on the effects of climate change in Tehran for Mehrabad and Doshan Tappeh stations, the city will face a decrease in precipitation in the future. Also the minimum and maximum temperatures in Tehran (which has increased significantly since 2000) will increase by 2045. This shows the trend of increasing the minimum and maximum temperatures until 2045.
Game Plan: The Insider's Guide to Breaking In and Succeeding in the Computer and Video Game Business

From the Publisher: The $20 billion computer and video gaming business is the fastest-growing entertainment medium in the worldaeon track to surpass both the movie and record businesses. More than 200 million computer and video games are sold to the 140 million gamers in America every year. Game Plan: The Insiders Guide to Breaking In and Succeeding in the Computer and Video Game Business is the first book that clearly explains how to get a foot in the door to this incredibly dynamic and exciting field. This essential guide includes everything job seekers need to know about: · How the computer and video game business really works · How to break into the industry · How to get your dream game made · The many different jobs in the field · Surviving and thriving in the marketplace Three top game veterans provide all the information readers need to begin their search: Alan Gershenfeld, former senior vice-president of Activison Studios, Mark Loparco, one of the industry's top edutainment producers, and Cecilia Barajas, an acclaimed game producer/ director and a design consultant on hundreds of games. Game Plan also features expert advice by top gamemakers from such leading game publishers and developers as Electronic Arts, Activision, Microsoft, Midway, LucasArts, and THQ. No matter what your background or job qualifications are, Game Plan will help you to decide which area of the video and computer game business appeals to you the most, and how to attain your goals of working in the industry. For anyone who's ever dreamed of one day making a game, or is simply curious if this is the field to go intoaethis book is a must-read.
A Wavelength Converter Integrated with a Discretely Tunable Laser for Wavelength Division Multiplexing Networks

• A submitted manuscript is the version of the article upon submission and before peer-review. There can be important differences between the submitted version and the official published version of record. People interested in the research are advised to contact the author for the final version of the publication, or visit the DOI to the publisher's website. • The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review. • The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers.
Parallel programming technologies on computer complexes

The article describes various options for speeding up calculations on computer systems. These features are closely related to the architecture of these complexes. The objective of this paper is to provide necessary information when selecting the capability for the speeding process of solving the computation problem. The main features implemented using the following models are described: programming in systems with shared memory, programming in systems with distributed memory, and programming on graphics accelerators (video cards). The basic concept, principles, advantages, and disadvantages of each of the considered programming models are described. All standards for writing programs described in the article can be used both on Linux and Windows operating systems. The required libraries are available and compatible with the C/C++ programming language. The article concludes with recommendations on the use of a particular technology, depending on the type of task to be solved.
Integrative analysis of microRNA and mRNA expression in response to salt stress by UMI

Background Small RNAs play an important role in regulating plant responses to abiotic stress through modulation of the processing, stability, and translation of larger RNAs. Plants employ complex mechanisms of gene regulation to respond to salinity stress. Results In this study, we constructed 12 small RNA libraries, 12 mRNA libraries, and a degradome library to systematically investigate the miRNAs response to salt stress. A total of 312 cotton miRNAs were identiﬁed and of these, 80 were known ghr-miRNAs. 144 genes showed significant differential expression under salt stress combined with the targeting relationship between the sRNA data and mRNA data. We found 56 miRNA-mRNA pairs which were positively correlated, and 91 pairs which were negatively correlated. Using degradome sequencing, 72 target genes were identified associated with 25 miRNA families. Gene ontology and KEGG analysis indicated some targets were involved in vital biological pathways of salinity stress tolerance: 14 were involved in responses to abiotic stress, two were associated with an environmental adaptation pathway, and a total of 16 NAC and MYB family transcription factors were related to salinity stress. Conclusions The present study identified a large number of cotton miRNAs and identified relationships between miRNA and mRNA, with function annotation revealing their possible biological roles in response to salt stress. Our findings will further functional studies of cotton miRNAs and the salt tolerance mechanism.
TWO EFFICIENT METHODS OF MODE SELECTION IN A WAVE GUIDE INSONIFIED BY A TRANSDUCER MOUNTED ON ITS SECTION

Guided waves are multimodal and dispersive: relating a time‐of‐flight to a distance is difficult. To solve this one can –i) use narrow bandwidth excitation so that only few modes can propagate –ii) in that bandwidth, impose a source to favor one mode. For sources acting from the guiding surface, methods of mode selection exist. Here, two methods are described for sources acting from the section. For various geometries, frequencies where tangential stress vanishes or is negligible are exhibited. By mimicking the normal stress in the section using a multiple‐element transducer, one generates solely the mode chosen. Examples show the effectiveness of these approaches.