Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Quantum Information Perspective of Fermionic Quantum Many-Body Systems

Quantum correlations in fermionic system are central to many fascinating effects in condensed matter physics. In this Thesis we investigate these correlations from the perspective of quantum information theory. Motivated by recent experiments on ultra cold gases, we develop a “pairing theory” for fermionic systems. Next, we investigate possibilities to gain insight into the correlations of these systems using simulation techniques. On the one hand, we study the power of quantum systems for the simulation of fermionic, bosonic and spin systems. On the other hand, we develop numerical methods applicable to interacting fermionic systems. First, we construct a class of variational states well suited for the approximation of ground and thermal states of systems with short-range interaction. Then, we develop a method that allows the numerical approximation of observables in dynamical processes as well as in equilibrium.
Applying Cross Approximate Entropy to Blood Oxygen Saturation and Heart Rate from Nocturnal Oximetry in Screening for Obstructive Sleep Apnea

IntroductIon Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome is a major sleep-related breathing disorder, affecting 1% to 5% of adult men in western countries (Young, Peppard, & Gottlieb, 2002). This disease is now the most common respiratory referral to many sleep units (Douglas 2002). OSA syndrome is associated with excessive daytime sleepiness, neurocognitive deficits, and psychological problems. A significant number of patients with suspicion of OSA present mild to severe symptoms of depression (Schwartz, Kohler, & Karatinos, 2005). OSA syndrome is also a risk factor for cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality (Leung and Bradley 2001). People with OSA have higher risk of sudden death due to cardiac causes during sleep than the general population (Gami, Howard, Olson, & Somers, 2005). Furthermore, subjects with OSA present an increased risk of being involved in traffic and work The recommended diagnostic test for OSA is overnight polysomnography (PSG) (Polysomnography Task Force, 1997), which records neurophysiological and cardiorespiratory signals to analyze sleep and breathing. However, its relative high cost and complexity, along with the large number of people suspected of having this disease, limit its capacity as a diagnostic test for OSA (Whitelaw, Brant, & Flemons, 2005). Due to its simplicity and low cost, portable monitoring has been proposed as an alternative method to PSG in the diagnostic assessment of patients with suspected sleep apnea (Flemons & Littner, 2003). Nocturnal oximetry provides different quantitative indexes commonly used by physicians in screening for OSA. Oxygen desaturation indexes (ODIs), which measure the number of dips in the oxygen saturation signal below a certain threshold, and the cumulative time (CT) spent below a certain saturation level, are the most widely used and specificity vary in a wide range between different studies and there is not a consensus on their definition (Netzer et al., 2001). Although oximeters usually provide both blood oxygen saturation (SaO 2) and heart rate (HR), classical indexes like ODIs or CTs are defined exclusively for SaO 2. Few studies have assessed the diagnostic accuracy of HR from nocturnal oximetry to The study developed by Zamarrón et al. (2003) showed that frequency characteristics from HR signals improved results obtained processing SaO 2 individually. In a later research by Zamarrón et al. (2005), both signals were processed together to quantify the relationship between oscillations in SaO 2 and HR by means of the frequency coherence function. In the present study, we estimate the asynchrony between SaO 2 and …
Solving homogeneous systems with sub-matrices

We show that linearly independent solutions of MX = θ , where M is an m× n matrix, may be found by the largest non-singular submatrix of M . With this method, we may also obtain eigenvectors and generalized eigenvectors corresponding to an eigenvalue λ . Finally, we shall explain how to construct a generalized modal matrix, to obtain a Jordan canonical form of a square matrix without solving a system except for finding the ranks. Mathematics Subject Classification: 15B51
REAL AND COMPLEX HYPERSINGULAR INTEGRALS AND INTEGRAL EQUATIONS IN COMPUTATIONAL MECHANICS*

Hypersingular integrals and integral equations became very popular last decade in computational mechanics. The reason is quite clear: they provide a natural and effective means to solve problems involving discontinuities. These are problems of cracks and interacting blocks in elasticity; thin wings in fluid dynamics; shields in electroplating; low permeability walls and geotextile layers in groundwater studies, etc. But these integrals and their direct values have a rather long history. Direct values of hypersingular integrals became generally known as a result of publication in 1923 of the famous Hadamard lectures on Cauchy problem for hyperbolic equations (supplemented French edition was published in 1932 [1]). J. Hadamard termed the direct values as "finite part integrals". They are now also widely known as Hadamard's integrals. Many years later, in his book "Psychology of invention in mathematical field" edited in 1954 [2], Hadamard wrote (my back translation from Russian): "I could no more avoid this method than the prisoner in Edgar Allen Poe's poem 'The pit and the pendulum' could avoid the pit in the center of his dungeon. " These integrals were a great invention and became an important stimulus to the development of distribution theory. R. Courant in his course "Partial differential equations" [3] wrote (again my back translation): "Actually,
Sepsis biomarkers for early diagnosis of bacteremia in emergency department.

INTRODUCTION We compared the diagnostic values of individual and composite biomarkers used in the prediction of bacteremia in adult emergency department patients. METHODOLOGY First-hour blood levels of C- reactive protein, procalcitonin, interleukin-6, lactate, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein and white blood cell count were collected from a 30-person control group and 47 adult patients. Patients included in this study were admitted to the emergency department on suspicion of sepsis. We categorized patients according to presence/absence of sepsis and bacteremia. Our control group was categorized as S-B -, septic patients with bacteremia were S+B+, and septic patients without bacteremia were S+B-. RESULTS All biomarkers showed a statistically significant elevation when S+B- and S+B+ groups were compared with the S-B-. When S+B+ group was compared with the S+B- group only procalcitonin and lactate levels had statistically significant elevation (p < 0.005). Regression analysis demonstrated that lactate and procalcitonin were independently associated with having bacteremia in the state of sepsis and Hosmer-Lemeshow score was 0.772. The areas under the curve (AUC) values of biomarkers procalcitonin, lactate, C-reactive protein, combined 1 (procalcitonin+ lactate), and combined 2 (procalcitonin + lactate + C-reactive protein) were 0.773, 0.744, 0.523, 0.806, and 0.829 respectively. CONCLUSIONS Combination of tests such as combined 1 or combined 2 were highly predictive of bacteremia in adult septic patients. Combined 2 demonstrated the best predictive performance and could be utilized as a tool to assist diagnosis of bacteremia before culture results are available.
Identification of key biomarkers in ischemic stroke: single-cell sequencing and weighted co-expression network analysis

Purpose: At present, there is a lack of accurate early diagnostic markers for ischemic stroke. Methods: By using dimensionality reduction cluster analysis, differential expression analysis, weighted co-expression network analysis, protein-protein interaction network analysis, cell heterogeneity and key pathogenic genes were identified in ischemic stroke. Immunomicroenvironment analysis was used to explore the immune landscape and immune associations of key genes in ischemic stroke. The analysis platform we use is R software (version 4.0.5). PCR experiments were used to verify the expression of key genes. Results: Single cell sequencing data in ischemic stroke can be annotated as fibroblast cells, pre-B cell CD34, neutrophils cells, bone marrow (BM), keratinocytes, macrophage, neurons and mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). By the intersection of differential expression analysis and WGCNA analysis, 385 genes were obtained. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis showed that these genes were highly correlated with multiple functions and pathways. Protein-protein interaction network analysis revealed that MRPS11 and MRPS12 were key genes, both of which were down-regulated in ischemic stroke. The Pseudo-time series analysis found that the expression of MRPS12 decreased gradually with the differentiation of pre-B cell CD34 cells in ischemic stroke, suggesting that the downregulation of MRPS12 expression may play an important role in ischemic stroke. At last, PCR showed that MRPS11 and MRPS12 were significantly down-regulated in peripheral blood of patients with ischemic stroke. Conclusions: Our study provides a reference for the study of pathogenesis and key targets of ischemic stroke.
A 10‐year radar‐based analysis of orographic precipitation growth and decay patterns over the Swiss Alpine region

The dependence of precipitation growth and decay on the orientation of orographic features, mesoscale flow and freezing‐level height is quantified using a 10‐year archive of composite weather radar images over the Swiss Alpine region. The mesoscale flow is described by the motion of radar precipitation echoes, computed through variational echo tracking, while the freezing‐level height is extracted from the analyses of the numerical weather prediction model COSMO. On the northern side of the Alps, the areas of growth are generally observed on the upwind slopes of the Alpine chain, while on the southern side their location also depends on factors other than the motion of precipitation, such as the convergence of low‐level flows. On the other hand, the decay of precipitation is generally found in the inner Alpine valleys and on the downwind slopes of the Alpine chain. Compared to situations characterized by low freezing level, the areas of precipitation growth penetrate more into the mountain range with high‐freezing‐level conditions. When considering a time lag of 1 h and specific flow conditions, the systematic growth and decay of precipitation can explain up to 30–40% of its total variability over the orography. The relative contribution to the total variability is lower with high freezing level because the non‐systematic variability is larger. The statistical analysis of precipitation growth and decay using large archives of composite radar images highlights the mesoscale flow conditions and geographical locations most prone to orographic precipitation enhancement, but also has potential to improve existing precipitation nowcasting systems in mountainous regions and to provide a basis for the verification of systematic biases of numerical weather prediction models.
APPLICATION OF INSTANCE-BASED LEARNERS FOR ARRHYTHMIA DETECTION IN ECG SIGNALS.

Cardiac arrhythmia detection in heart activity related signals, like ECG, has been a center of attention for many researchers in medical field, and is as relevant, if not more, to this day. Aim of this paper is to investigate the accuracy of commonly used classifiers in classifying ECG signal segments of one heart beat into three classes – normal, unrecognizable and arrhythmia – and provide insight, which type of, or even specific classifier has a tendency to perform the best under given scenario. Results of the experiments showed that best performing classifiers are instance-based learning algorithms, top two performers being K* algorithm, based on entropic distance measure, with 99% correlation and 3,5% relative absolute error, while testing all input data as test data, 90% and 20% respectively, when testing with 75% of input data as training set, and the rest as testing set, along with IBk – nearest neighbor based algorithm, which was only applicable with percentage split training method (75% / 25%), resulting in 84% correlation and 19% relative absolute error.
Lift Disturbance Cancellation with Fast-Flap Actuation

Experimental results examining a rapidly-deflecting simple flap of a wall-to-wall NACA 0006 wing in a water tunnel at Re = 40k are presented for a survey of flap deflections designed to negate the lift-transient from an imposed plunge motion of the entire wing. The plunge, over a period ranging from eight convective times to one convective time, is regarded as a vertical disturbance, or a “gust”. The flap deflection history is initially derived from Theodorsen’s formula for unsteady flap motions, from which one obtains phase and amplitude information. The theoretical derivation makes the standard assumptions of attached flow, planar wake, and no leading edge vortices. Experimental data measurements of lift on the fore-element and the flap of the wing are examined for pure-plunge, for pure flap deflection, and for the combined airfoil plunge and flap deflection motion. The latter shows up to 87% of lift cancellation, verifying the limited, but substantial applicability of Theodorsen’s formula. Improvements over the theoretical formulation of lift cancellation are sought by constructing empirical models for both airfoil plunge and flap deflection. The empirical models for airfoil plunge and flap deflection are constructed independent of one another and their superposition is employed to approximate the total lift in combined plunge and deflection motions. It is shown that although the empirical model approach performs similar to the inviscid theory of Theodorsen’s model, the empirical model proves more effective in suppressing the leading-edge vortex induced in plunge.
Incidence and outcomes in patients with acute cholangitis: a population-based study

Abstract Objective The importance of early ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography) in patients with acute cholangitis (AC) is controversial. The aims were to compare outcomes in those who had early ERCP within 24 h from diagnosis and those who had ERCP undertaken later and examine the general prognosis of AC patients. Methods A prospective endoscopic database was used to identify all patients who underwent ERCP 2010–2021 at Landspitali University Hospital, diagnosed with cholangitis (k83.0) or calculus of bile duct with cholangitis (k80.3) according to ICD-10 diagnostic codes. Tokyo guidelines were used to verify the diagnosis and severity. Sepsis was analyzed by the Sepsis-3 criteria. Results A total of 240 patients met the inclusion criteria, 107 women (45%), median age 74 years, mostly due to gallstones (75%) and malignancy (19%), 61 (25%) underwent ERCP early. Overall 30-day mortality was 3.3% and was not significantly different between the early and late ERCP groups (4.9% vs 2.5% respectively). Patients who underwent early ERCP were more likely to have severe cholangitis according to the Tokyo guidelines criteria than those who underwent ERCP later (31% vs 18%, p = 0.047) but had a shorter median hospital stay (4 vs. 6 days, p = 0.006). Sepsis was more common among those who had ERCP early than those who had late ERCP (33% vs 19%, p = 0.033). Conclusions The results indicate that for patients with AC the timing of ERCP is an important factor influencing the hospital stay, with shorter hospital stay for patients receiveing ERCP within 24 h, despite more severe cholangitis at diagnosis.
A model reference self-organizing fuzzy logic controller

The paper proposes a model reference based self-organizing fuzzy logic controller. Making use of two different adaption techniques, it is shown that the approach produces a scheme that is able to converge quickly and is relatively easy to implement. Simulation studies involving a system that undergoes model order change are presented, and avenues for further work are discussed.
Research trends in the Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing from 2011 to 2021: a quantitative content analysis

Purpose Topic modeling is a text mining technique that extracts concepts from textual data and uncovers semantic structures and potential knowledge frameworks within context. This study aimed to identify major keywords and network structures for each major topic to discern research trends in women’s health nursing published in the Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing (KJWHN) using text network analysis and topic modeling. Methods The study targeted papers with English abstracts among 373 articles published in KJWHN from January 2011 to December 2021. Text network analysis and topic modeling were employed, and the analysis consisted of five steps: (1) data collection, (2) word extraction and refinement, (3) extraction of keywords and creation of networks, (4) network centrality analysis and key topic selection, and (5) topic modeling. Results Six major keywords, each corresponding to a topic, were extracted through topic modeling analysis: “gynecologic neoplasms,” “menopausal health,” “health behavior,” “infertility,” “women’s health in transition,” and “nursing education for women. ” Conclusion The latent topics from the target studies primarily focused on the health of women across all age groups. Research related to women’s health is evolving with changing times and warrants further progress in the future. Future research on women’s health nursing should explore various topics that reflect changes in social trends, and research methods should be diversified accordingly.
Prediction of chronic kidney disease using urinary dielectric properties and support vector machine

ABSTRACT In this study, we aim to classify the urinary dielectric properties of subjects with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and normal subjects, at microwave frequency between 1 GHz and 50 GHz using support vector machine (SVM). The dielectric properties of urine were measured at room temperature (25°C), 30°C and body temperature (37°C). Urinary dielectric behaviour differences were observed between respective diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and non-DKD compared to normal subjects. Two-group classifications obtained the highest accuracy of 75.91% and 70.02%, respectively, in differentiating DKD and non-DKD group from normal group. The highest classification accuracy was achieved at 63.94% for three-group classifications. The best classification accuracies were obtained at 30°C for two-group and three-group classifications.
Malaria diagnosis using a combined system of a simple and fast extraction method with a lyophilised Dual-LAMP assay in a non-endemic setting

ABSTRACT Malaria is a parasitic disease distributed in tropical areas but with a high number of imported cases in non-endemic countries. The most specific and sensitive malaria diagnostic methods are PCR and LAMP. However, both require specific equipment, extraction procedures and a cold chain. This study aims to solve some limitations of LAMP method with the optimization and validation of six LAMP assays, genus and species-specific, using an easy and fast extraction method, the incorporation of a reaction control assay, two ways (Dual) of result reading and reagent lyophilization. The Dual-LAMP assays were validated against the Nested-Multiplex Malaria PCR. A conventional column and saline extraction methods, and the use of lyophilized reaction tubes were also assessed. A new reaction control Dual-LAMP-RC assay was designed. Dual-LAMP-Pspp assay showed no cross-reactivity with other parasites, repeatability and reproducibility of 100%, a significant correlation between parasite concentration and time to amplification and a LoD of 1.22 parasites/µl and 5.82 parasites/µl using column and saline extraction methods, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity of the six Dual-LAMP assays reach values of 100% or close to this, being lower for the Dual-LAMP-Pm. The Dual-LAMP-RC assay worked as expected. Lyophilized Dual-LAMP results were concordant with the reference method. Dual-LAMP malaria assays with the addition of a new reaction control LAMP assay and the use of a fast and easy saline extraction method, provided low limit of detection, no cross-reactivity, and good sensitivity and specificity. Furthermore, the reagent lyophilization and the dual result reading allow their use in most settings.
The oxygen isotopic composition (18O/16O) in the dust of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko measured by COSIMA on-board Rosetta

The oxygen isotopic ratio 18O/16O has been measured in cometary gas for a wide variety of comets, but the only measurements in cometary dust were performed by the Stardust cometary sample return mission. Most such measurements find a value of the ratio that is consistent with Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water (VSMOW) within errors. In this work we present the result of a measurement, using the COSIMA (the COmetary Secondary Ion Mass Analyser) instrument on the Rosetta orbiter, of the oxygen isotopic ratio in dust from Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. Measuring the 18O/16O ratio with COSIMA is challenging for a number of reasons, but it is possible with a reasonable degree of precision. We find a result of 2.00 × 10−3 ± 1.2 × 10−4, which is consistent within errors with VSMOW.
Differential Modulation of GABAergic and Glutamatergic Neurons in the Ventral Pallidum by GABA and Neuropeptides

Abstract The ventral pallidum (VP) is an integral locus in the reward circuitry and a major target of GABAergic innervation of both D1-medium spiny neurons (MSNs) and D2-MSNs from the nucleus accumbens. The VP contains populations of GABAergic [VPGABA, GAD2(+), or VGluT(–)] and glutamatergic [VPGlutamate, GAD2(–), or VGluT(+)] cells that facilitate positive reinforcement and behavioral avoidance, respectively. MSN efferents to the VP exert opponent control over behavioral reinforcement with activation of D1-MSN afferents promoting and D2-MSN afferents inhibiting reward seeking. How this afferent-specific and cell type-specific control of reward seeking is integrated remains largely unknown. In addition to GABA, D1-MSNs corelease substance P to stimulate neurokinin 1 receptors (NK1Rs) and D2-MSNs corelease enkephalin to activate μ-opioid receptors (MORs) and δ-opioid receptors. These neuropeptides act in the VP to alter appetitive behavior and reward seeking. Using a combination of optogenetics and patch-clamp electrophysiology in mice, we found that GAD2(–) cells receive weaker GABA input from D1-MSN, but GAD2(+) cells receive comparable GABAergic input from both afferent types. Pharmacological activation of MORs induced an equally strong presynaptic inhibition of GABA and glutamate transmission on both cell types. Interestingly, MOR activation hyperpolarized VPGABA but not VGluT(+). NK1R activation inhibited glutamatergic transmission only on VGluT(+) cells. Our results indicate that the afferent-specific release of GABA and neuropeptides from D1-MSNs and D2-MSNs can differentially influence VP neuronal subtypes.
Insight-HXMT science operations

The Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope (Insight-HXMT) was successfully launched on June 15th, 2017. It performs broad band X-ray scan survey of the Galactic Plane to detect new black holes and other objects in active states. It also observes X-ray binaries to study their X-ray variabilities. Here we will introduce the Science Operations of Insight-HXMT, which is responsible for collecting and evaluating observation proposals, scheduling observations, and monitoring the working status of the payloads