Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Changes in Vegetation and Soil Fertility along a Predictable Snowmelt Gradient in the Mosquito Range, Colorado, U. S. A.

Changes in edaphic conditions and vegetation along snowmelt gradients are well known in many alpine areas, but very few studies have used multivariate techniques to document these changes at a microgeographic scale and to measure predictability of snowmelt patterns. This paper describes concordant changes in microenvironmental factors and plant species abundances among >200 evenly spaced microsites in a large alpine snowbed in the Mosquito Range, Colorado. The snowmelt gradient was highly consistent: averaged over all microsites, the mean date of snowmelt varied by only 1 wk from 1989 to 1992, and relative date of snowmelt among microsites was highly predictable (R2 > 90% among years). Soil in later melting microsites had reduced organic content, water content, nitrogen, phosphorous, and acidity. Total soil nitrogen and water content decreased through the growing season, while pH increased significantly. Species richness and total vegetation cover were significantly greater in early melting microsites, and soil disturbance by pocket gophers and erosion peaked in moderately latemelting areas. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) showed that microgeographic changes in the plant community were associated with four environmental factors: snowmelt date, rock cover, soil disturbance, and soil organic content. Plant species that are common in the vegetation surrounding the snowbed tended to decrease in abundance in later melting snowbed sites. Other species attained peak abundance in the less productive late melting sites, and a few appeared to be associated with soil disturbance. Plant community differences between paired sampling units (quadrats) were determined more by differences in their snowmelt date than by their spatial separation, suggesting that plant species distributions along this alpine gradient are determined principally by ecological interactions and physiological tolerances, rather than by historical accident and limited dispersal.
Knowledge, awareness and attitudes towards retinopathy of prematurity among Jordanian pediatricians: a cross sectional descriptive study

Abstract Background: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a preventable cause of childhood blindness. This study aims to measure knowledge, awareness and attitudes of Jordanian pediatricians towards ROP screening and treatment protocols, and to identify any barriers concerning referrals to specialized care. Methods: This is a cross-sectional non-interventional descriptive study. A self-administered semi- structured electronic questionnaire was designed to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice patterns of responders and was disseminated via social media and direct contact with pediatricians in governmental and private hospitals from all over the country and collected between June and November of 2022. The questionnaire included questions regarding demographics, level of education, practice details and knowledge regarding ROP. Results: A total of 85 responders from all levels completed the questionnaire. Most of the responders (78 (91.8%)) identified the main risk factors of ROP as low birth weight and gestational age and maintained that timely screening should be performed by an ophthalmologist. Fifty-nine pediatricians (69.4%) were sure that ROP is preventable and 62 (72.9%) identified both laser and anti- vascular endothelial growth factor injections as possible modalities of treatment. Thirty participants (35.3%) faced real limitations reaching ophthalmologists for a reliable ROP consultation. Conclusions: This study demonstrated a high level of awareness of ROP among Jordanian pediatricians of all levels, although some gaps pertaining to the accurate timing of screening still exist. There are identifiable limitations facing Jordanian pediatricians to reach a reliable ophthalmic service to screen and manage referred cases. A unified nation-wide ROP screening protocol with clear access to standardized ophthalmic care is necessary to reduce the challenges facing the screening and management process and by extension, the burden of this preventable disease.
A new Method for Iris Segmentation

Dividing iris borders in an image of a person's eyes is the first step to identify them from biometric iris. A variety of algorithms have been suggested for dividing of the internal border between "iris and pupil" and "the external border shared with sclera". Mistakes made in discovering and clarifying iris borders using such algorithms will meet different patterns of iris leading to mistakes in matching and recovering. In this paper, a new algorithm of iris segmentation is offered which is faster and more accurate comparing to those already known. This algorithm has been examined using 1000 of CASIA samples and results have been compared to use reference from which remarkable results have been met.
CONTEMPORARY PORTRAYALS OF THE "MORO" IN FOLK DRAMATIZATIONS IN SPAIN, CENTRAL AMERICA, AND THE PHILIPPINES

Th is paper deals with portrayals of the "Moro" in contemporary folk dramatizations of medieval struggles between Moors and Christians, found in village or town fi estas in parts of Spain, Central America, and the Philippines. It is oft en believed that the standard theme of these performances is Christian superiority, and the "Moro" is always cast in the role of villain and vanquished. While this still holds true for most performances, in a number of places, fi esta committees have decided to break with tradition, and have introduced formats and content that depart signifi cantly from the standard formula.
Bacteremia Following Alkalihalobacillus clausii (Formerly Bacillus clausii) Administration in Immunosuppressed Adults: A Case Series

(1) Background: Given the widespread use of Alkalihalobacillus clausii (A. clausii) as a probiotic in recent decades and the detection of bacteremia cases in a group of patients, we sought to analyze cases of A. clausii bacteremia following oral probiotic use (2) Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted at a private hospital in San Jose, Costa Rica. Cases of bacteremia caused by A. clausii confirmed by the microbiology laboratory were analyzed in patients who received oral treatment with this probiotic between January 2020 and January 2022. In addition, an isolate (HCB-AC2) was compared through whole genome sequencing to demonstrate the correlation of bacteremia and A. clausii. Possible vulnerability factors related to the development of this condition were determined. (3) Results: Four cases were identified in this hospital over 2 years. Genomic analysis of isolate HCB-AC2, using two different methods, showed identical results. This indicates that HCB-AC2 is genomically identical to ENTpro and the Enterogermina® reference genome. The median age was 71 years, and all patients had some degree of immunosuppression. All patients met at least three sepsis criteria at the time of bacterial identification. Most patients were treated with vancomycin and levofloxacin. Three of the identified patients died. (4) Conclusion: A. clausii can be used as a probiotic, but caution is advised when used in immunosuppressed and elderly patients. These findings align with those reported in similar case studies.
Ensaios clínicos (fase III) - perfil das publicações científicas. Aspectos bioéticos* Clinical trials (phase III) - profile of scientific publications. Bioethical aspects.

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Tendo como referência as disposições regulatórias e as diretrizes éticas, procurouse analisar o conteúdo de publicações referentes à pesquisa clínica (fase III) com o objetivo de verificar o grau de informação fornecido ao leitor, de modo a permitir a devida avaliação crítica. CONTEÚDO: Foram analisados 96 artigos, selecionados a partir da base de dados PubMed, publicados no ano 2005. Para a coleta dos dados foi elaborado um roteiro, tomando por base documentos regulatórios da (FDA, EMEA, MERCOSUL e ANVISA) e diretrizes Internacionais CIOMS/OMS e resoluções 196/96 e 251/97, do Conselho Nacional da Saúde. CONCLUSÃO: Verificou-se que, não raras vezes, o leitor do artigo científico não encontra dados suficientes para a sua própria avaliação crítica; vários elementos referentes às fases anteriores da pesquisa fase III, bem como elementos importantes atinentes à própria fase III, não são apresentados nas publicações em periódicos. Descritores: Bioética, Ensaios clínicos, Publicação.
RIS Development and Implementation in a mm-Waves 5G-NR System Toward 6G

This letter reports a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) design, development and implementation in a millimeter-waves 5G-NR indoor system operating at 24.5 GHz. The proposed RIS is composed of 1024 elements controlled by varactor diodes in a column-wise fashion for producing linear phase gradients. Beam steering based on reflection patterns from 30° to 60° is experimentally demonstrated. Moreover, an indoor experiment is reported using a 64-QAM 5G NR signal at 24.5 GHz with bandwidth of up to 400 MHz, achieving a maximum throughput of 1.2 Gbit/s. The RIS deployment results in a channel power and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) improvement of 21.5 and 23.8 dB, respectively, implying a significant enhancement of the measured root mean square error vector magnitude (EVMRMS) from 92.23 to 6.12% that underscores the impact of the RIS beam steering function at the targeted angle.
Management of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma with portal hypertension and variceal bleeding during receiving tyrosine kinase inhibitors therapy: Beyond and known frontiers

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) poses a significant global burden, with most patients being diagnosed at an advanced stage, leading to poor prognosis due to the lack of systemic treatment. The approval of oral tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), immune checkpoint inhibitors, and anti‐angiogenic agents has rapidly expanded the treatment prospects for HCC. However, the use of these drugs has also increased the incidence of portal hypertension (PHT) and upper gastrointestinal variceal bleeding in HCC patients. The diagnosis, screening, emergency treatment, and secondary prevention of upper gastrointestinal variceal rebleeding in advanced HCC patients undergoing oral TKIs therapy have become clinically urgent and critical issues. This review provides an overview of the existing understanding regarding the uses and limitations of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) insertion for managing HCC in cirrhosis patients with PHT and variceal hemorrhage. Additionally, it explores the potential of TIPS in managing acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding and preventing rebleeding in advanced HCC patients undergoing TKIs therapy. The placement of TIPS within the treatment hierarchy is determined by the specific clinical environment and the individual attributes of the patient.
Bibliometric Analysis of Sukuk Literatures

This study aims to see the development of research "Sukuk” around the world and research plans that can be carried out based on journals published on that theme. This study used a qualitative method with a bibliometric analysis approach. The data used is secondary data with the theme "Sukuk” which comes from the Scopus database with a total of 603 journal articles. The results of the study found that in the author mapping bibliometrics the author published the most research with the theme "Sukuk”Siswantoro. D. Furthermore, based on the bibliometric keyword mapping, there are 5 clusters that can become research lines with topics related to Sukuk, Development and Challenges of Sukuk, Bonds vs. Sukuk, Determinants of Sukuk, Sukuk as a Financial Instrument, Risks of Sukuk, the most used words are Sukuk, Development, and Bond
4D Models Generated with UAV Photogrammetry for Landfill Monitoring Thermal Control of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Landfills

The management of the increasing volume of municipal solid waste is an essential activity for the health of the environment and of the population. The organic matter of waste deposited in landfills is subject to aerobic decomposition processes, bacterial aerobic decomposition, and chemical reactions that release large amounts of heat, biogas, and leachates at high temperatures. The control of these by-products enables their recovery, utilization, and treatment for energy use, avoiding emissions to the environment. UAVs with low-cost thermal sensors are a tool that enables the representation of temperature distributions for the thermal control of landfills. This study focuses on the development of a methodology for the generation of 3D thermal models through the projection of TIR image information onto a 3D model generated from RGB images and the identification of thermal anomalies by means of photointerpretation and GIS analysis. The novel methodological approach was implemented at the Meruelo landfill for validation. At the facility, a 4D model (X,Y,Z-temperature) and a 13.8 cm/px GSD thermal orthoimage were generated with a thermal accuracy of 1.63 °C, which enabled the identification of at least five areas of high temperatures associated with possible biogas emissions, decomposing organic matter, or underground fires, which were verified by on-site measurements and photointerpretation of the RGB model, in order to take and assess specific corrective measures.
Digitization of the economy of the agricultural complex: problems and prospects

This study allows us to conclude that digital expansion in the agricultural and processing sectors of the economy is most effective when using models: «pure producer», business model «from the field to the counter», «agro-industrial ecosystem». The main directions of digital transformation in the sphere of agro-industrial complexes are: precision farming, smart farms, smart greenhouse systems (complexes), the program of technological cooperation between agro-industrial complexes and IT- sphere «Industrial FoodNet». The fundamental problems and barriers to the digitalization of the agro-industrial economy are: misunderstanding of the importance of this activity on the part of many agricultural producers; lack of incentives and benefits for agro-industrial organizations and IT companies involved in cross-industry cooperation and import substitution; poor awareness of advanced automated innovation machine technologies and technical means due to digital transformations and artificial intelligence; negative impacts of the reduction of international exchanges and the application of sanctions to Russian manufacturers. In the process of searching for effective directions of digital transformation in the country’s industry under study, the author prepared scenarios based on the Foresight «4 Worlds» method, each of which describes the likely trajectory of the industry development, taking into account the dominant internal and external factors and prerequisites.
Prevalence of Bifid Mandibular Canal: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of bifid mandibular canal (BMC) using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and panoramic images through meta-analysis. Methods: Databases of Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science were searched to find the relevant studies. Studies the met the inclusion criteria were selected. Variables of prevalence, side, length and diameter of BMC and sex were assessed. Data was analyzed using STATA software version 17. Results: Of the 1164 articles initially selected, 36 were enrolled. A total of 38077 patients were considered. The overall prevalence of BMC was 18.0%. Studies that evaluated CBCT images reported higher prevalence of BMC compared to panoramic images (25.0% vs 3.0%). The prevalence of BMC was higher in men than women and slightly higher in right side than the left side of the jaw, but none of those differences were significant. Conclusion: The results have shown a total prevalence of 18.0% for BMC. Detection power of CBCT images were higher than panoramics. There was no significant relation between prevalence of BMC with sex or side of the jaw.
Green turtle somatic growth dynamics: distributional regression reveals effects of differential emigration

Because somatic growth is an integrated response to variables on individual, population and ecosystem levels, growth rates have been used as indicators of change in a wide range of demographic and environmental variables. Models of sea turtle growth that relate changes in productivity to environmental changes have all focused on the mean or expected growth rate. We used distributional regression analysis for the first time in sea turtle growth studies to evaluate both the mean and variance of the growth response as a function of covariates. We analyzed a 39 yr (1979−2017) data set with 1176 growth increments for 727 green turtles Chelonia mydas from a capture-mark-recapture study in the southern Bahamas. The distributional regression model had an improved fit to the growth data in comparison to the mean-response-only model. By testing predictions based on inspection of variance plots, we reveal novel insights on the importance of differential growth rates as cues for emigration. Variance in growth rates decreases with increasing body size and increasing population density because turtles that grow slowly at small sizes or at high densities exhibit differential emigration. Drivers of differential emigration have received little attention in demographic studies of sea turtle foraging aggregations and will be more important as sea turtle populations recover and population densities on foraging grounds increase. Future conservation and management of increasing green turtle populations depend on improved understanding of resource use, sustainability of grazing, and cues for emigration. Distributional regression is a powerful analytical approach for these studies.
Coupled Model Simulations of Climate Changes in the 20th Century and Beyond

增加大约 1.6 ° C。 全球温暖被在深海洋的表面温度和降水而且温度增加的变化显示不仅。 海水的热扩大将导致全球吝啬的海水平的上升。 控制跑和运用的第 20 世纪气候变化与 FGOALS，寒冷在高纬度在偏导的版本 g1.1 再被执行被移开。 他们当时与从 FGOALS 的版本 g1.0 的那些相比以便在全球温暖的模拟上区分模型偏爱的效果。
Earlier statistical features of ETAS model parameters and their seismological meanings

The average statistical features of ETAS(Epidemic Type Aftershock Sequence) model parameters during the earlier stage(15 days) after the moderate or large earthquakes in Chinese mainland have been studied and the decay and generation of aftershocks under the different conditions also have been discussed.Macroscopically,the numerical distribution of primary parameters of ETAS model,b,p,and α,are dispersed and the differences of average value of parameters under the different conditions are not very prominent.In detail,b-value increases with the magnitude of the mainshock,but the differences of b-value are not obvious for different regions,for different modes of mainshock fracture,as well as for different sequence types.p-value and α-value show some regional features to some extent.Average p-values in southwest and northwest region of China are a little larger than that in Xinjiang and in North China,this means that the decay of aftershock activity is a little slower in southwest region and in northwest region than that in Xinjiang and in North China.Average α-value is small in northwest region,and is large in North China.This indicates that the earthquake in North China has a high ability to generate high-order aftershocks,although the aftershock decay in North China is relatively quick.And for northwest region of China,despite the slow aftershock decay,but due to the simplicity of aftershock sequence,the ability of high-order aftershock generation is weak.The relation between p-value and the fracture mode of the mainshock is not evident,that is,the mainshock fracture mode is not the key factor controlling the aftershock decay rate. α-value is related to the mainshock fracture mode to some extent.Averagely,α-value is small for strike-slip,middle for oblique slip and large for dip slip.This means that strike-slipping has the highest ability to generate aftershocks,it is weakest for dip slip and middle for oblique slip.p-value and α-value decrease with the increment of the mainshock magnitude,this means that the larger the mainshock,the slower the sequence decay and the higher the ability to generate offspring.There are some differences in p-values and α-values for different sequence types.p-value is smaller for mainshock-aftershock type(MAT) and larger for isolated earthquake type(IET),this indicates that decay rate of aftershock is slow for MAT,is quick for IET and is in the middle for multiple mainshock type(MMT). α-values of IET and MAT are about the same,both two are larger than that of MMT.This means that MMT has a higher ability to generate high-order aftershocks than that of IET and MAT.
Monkeypox Knowledge Investigation and Knowledge Gap Analysis: An Online Cross-Sectional Survey in China

Background Monkeypox, as a significant public health concern, warrants a thorough investigation into public knowledge and understanding. Especially in non-endemic areas like China, exploring the factors contributing to knowledge and understanding gaps is crucial for effective disease management and prevention strategies. Objective This study aims to assess the level of monkeypox knowledge among the Chinese public and to identify the factors that influence this knowledge, particularly focusing on the knowledge gaps between different educational groups. Methods An online cross-sectional survey was conducted involving 720 participants stratified by age, between July and August 2023. The survey used a modified monkeypox knowledge questionnaire, and hierarchical regression analysis was employed to analyze the data. Results The study revealed a significant knowledge gap in the understanding of monkeypox among the Chinese public. Key factors influencing this knowledge included educational level, perceived relevance of information, interpersonal communication, and exposure to social media and official health websites. Notably, exposure to social media was found to widen the knowledge gap between different educational groups, with its positive impact more pronounced in individuals with at least a junior high school education. Conclusion The findings emphasize the need for varied communication strategies to effectively disseminate information about monkeypox and bridge the existing knowledge gaps. Tailoring health communication to different educational levels and utilizing diverse information sources are crucial for improving public understanding and containment of monkeypox.
Visualization with Prediction Scheme for Early DDoS Detection in Ethereum

Blockchain technologies have gained widespread use in security-sensitive applications due to their robust data protection. However, as blockchains are increasingly integrated into critical data management systems, they have become attractive targets for attackers. Among the various attacks on blockchain systems, distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks are one of the most significant and potentially devastating. These attacks render the systems incapable of processing transactions, causing the blockchain to come to a halt. To address the challenge of detecting DDoS attacks on blockchains, existing visualization schemes have been developed. However, these schemes often fail to provide early DDoS detection since they typically display only past and current system status. In this paper, we present a novel visualization scheme that not only portrays past and current values but also forecasts future expected system statuses. We achieve these future predictions by utilizing polynomial regression with blockchain data. Additionally, we offer an alternative DDoS detection method employing statistical analysis, specifically the coefficient of determination, to enhance accuracy. Through our experiments, we demonstrate that our proposed scheme excels at predicting future blockchain statuses and anticipating DDoS attacks with minimal error. Our work empowers system managers of blockchain-based applications to identify and mitigate DDoS attacks at an earlier stage.