Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interactive comment on “Evaluation of the volatility basis-set approach for the simulation of organic aerosol formation in the Mexico City metropolitan area” by A. P. Tsimpidi et al

This work is aimed at incorporating several relatively new developments in the chemistry of organic aerosol into an existing model, with application to the Mexico City Metropolitan Area. This is an important study, as it shows that such changes bring modeled aerosol loadings (both primary and secondary) more in line with measurements than models typically do. At the same time, the authors are careful not to overinterpret the results. This paper is certainly worthy of publication in ACP. Prior to publication I recommend a few substantial changes, listed below. Most involve expanding the explanation of the model or the discussion of the results, which are glossed over in several
EZH2: a pleiotropic protein

mutational profiling at diagnosis and follow-up would clarify the genetic characteristics of “initially high-risk” patients and “constant lower-risk” patients in more detail. This may also help us understand what molecular characteristics confer the greatest and least great risk of death and transformation in MDS. Conflict-of-interest disclosure: The authors declare no competing financial interests. n
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Over the last years, Deep Learning has become one of the most popular research fields of Artificial Intelligence. Several approaches have been developed to address conventional challenges of AI. In computer vision, these methods provide the means to solve tasks like image classification, object identification and extraction of features. In this paper, some approaches to face detection and recognition are presented and analyzed, in order to identify the one with the best performance. The main objective is to automate the annotation of a large dataset and to avoid the costy and time-consuming process of content annotation. The approach follows the concept of incremental learning and a R-CNN model was implemented. Tests were conducted with the objective of detecting and recognizing one personality within image and video content. Results coming from this initial automatic process are then made available to an auxiliary tool that enables further validation of the annotations prior to uploading them to the archive. Tests show that, even with a small size dataset, the results obtained are satisfactory.
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Motor control and motor cognition have been under intensive scrutiny for over a century with a growing number of experimental and theoretical tools of increasing complexity. Still we are far away from a real understanding which can allow us, for example, to integrate what we know in large-scale projects like VPH (Virtual Physiological Human). In a sense, the abundance of new behavioral, neurophysiological, and computational approaches may worsen the situation, by " flooding " researchers with frequently incompatible evidence, losing view of the overall picture. An aspect of this tendency is to quickly dismiss earlier " old-fashioned " ideas on the basis of specific but narrow new evidence. This chapter argues in the opposite direction, revisiting old-fashioned notions, like synergy formation, equilibrium point hypothesis (EPH), and body schema, in order to reuse them in a larger context, focused on whole-body actions: this context, typical of humanoid robotics, stresses the need of efficient computational architectures, capable to defeat the curse of dimensionality determined by the frightening " trinity " : complex body + complex brain + complex (partly unknown) environment. The idea is to organize the computational process in a local to global manner, grounding it on emerging studies in different areas of neuroscience, while keeping in mind that motor cognition and motor control are inseparable twins, linked through a common body/ body schema. The long-term goal is to make a humanoid robot like iCub capable of " cumulative learning. " A humanoid robot should mirror both the complexity of the human form and the brain that drives it to exhibit equally complex and often creative behaviors! This requires to emulate the gradual process of infant " cognitive development " in order to investigate the underlying interplay among multiple sensory, motor, and cognitive processes in the framework of an integrated system: a coherent, purposive system that emerges from a persistent flux of fragmented, partially inconsistent episodes in which the human/ We aim at linking such a model building approach with emerging trends in neuroscience, taking into account that one of the fundamental challenges today is to " causally and computationally " correlate the incredibly complex behavior of animals to the equally complex activity in their brains. This requires to build a shared computational/neural basis for " execution, imagination, and understanding " of action, while taking into account recent findings from the field of " connectomics, " which addresses the large-scale organization …
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Taking a “selfie” using a mobile device has become a natural gesture in everyday life. This simple action has many similarities to face authentication on a smartphone: positioning the camera, adjusting the pose, choosing the right background and looking for the best lighting conditions. In the context of face authentication, most of the standardised processes and best practice for image quality is mainly focused on passport images and only recently has the attention of research moved to mobile devices. There is a lack of an agile methodology that adapts the characteristics of facial images taken on smartphone cameras in an unconstrained environment. The main objective of our study is to improve the performances of facial verification systems when implemented on smartphones. We asked 53 participants to take a minimum of 150 “selfies” suitable for biometric verification on an Android smartphone. Images were considered from constrained and unconstrained environments, where users took images both in indoor and outdoor locations, simulating real-life scenarios. We subsequently calculated the quality metrics for each image. To understand how each quality metric affected the authentication outcome, we obtained biometric scores from the comparison of each image to a range of images. Our results describe how each quality metric is affected by the environment variations and user pose using the biometric scores obtained. Our study is a contribution to improve the performance and the adaptability of face verification systems to any environmental conditions, applications and devices.
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Operating a high degree of freedom mobile manipulator, such as a humanoid, in a field scenario requires constant situational awareness, capable perception modules, and effective mechanisms for interactive motion planning and control. A well-designed operator interface presents the operator with enough context to quickly carry out a mission and the flexibility to handle unforeseen operating scenarios robustly. By contrast, an unintuitive user interface can increase the risk of catastrophic operator error by overwhelming the user with unnecessary information. With these principles in mind, we present the philosophy and design decisions behind Director—the open-source user interface developed by Team MIT to pilot the Atlas robot in the DARPA Robotics Challenge (DRC). At the heart of Director is an integrated task execution system that specifies sequences of actions needed to achieve a substantive task, such as drilling a wall or climbing a staircase. These task sequences, developed a priori, make online queries to automated perception and planning algorithms with outputs that can be reviewed by the operator and executed by our whole-body controller. Our use of Director at the DRC resulted in efficient high-level task operation while being fully competitive with approaches focusing on teleoperation by highly-trained operators. We discuss the primary interface elements that comprise the Director and provide analysis of its successful use at the DRC.
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Bringing robots into classrooms presents a new set of challenges for classroom management and teacher support compared to traditional technology-enhanced learning and has been left almost unexplored by the research community. In this paper, we present the opportunities and challenges of orchestrating Educational Robotics (ER) activities in classrooms. To support our discussion, we present a case study of 25 students working in pairs using handheld robots to engage in a computational thinking activity. While performing the activity, students’ behavioral information was sent from the robots to an orchestration dashboard that was used in a debriefing activity. Although this work is in its preliminary stages, it contributes to framing the challenges that need to be addressed to realistically scale-up usage of ER in classrooms.
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Surgical skill assessment is important for surgery training and quality control. Prior works on this task largely focus on basic surgical tasks such as suturing and knot tying performed in simulation settings. In contrast, surgical skill assessment is studied in this paper on a real clinical dataset, which consists of fiftyseven in-vivo laparoscopic surgeries and corresponding skill scores annotated by six surgeons. From analyses on this dataset, the clearness of operating field (COF) is identified as a good proxy for overall surgical skills, given its strong correlation with overall skills and high inter-annotator consistency. Then an objective and automated framework based on neural network is proposed to predict surgical skills through the proxy of COF. The neural network is jointly trained with a supervised regression loss and an unsupervised rank loss. In experiments, the proposed method achieves 0.55 Spearman’s correlation with the ground truth of overall technical skill, which is even comparable with the human performance of junior surgeons.
New Horizons for Deep Subsurface Microbiology

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) launched the modern era of subsurface microbiology at its Savannah River Plant (SRP) in South Carolina in 1986. Those first efforts, involving three 200-m-deep wells along with procedures to monitor for drilling-related contaminants, uncovered abundant and diverse microbial communities in subsurface aquifers (Fig. 1).
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Modelling the evolution of biological networks is a major challenge. Biological networks are usually represented as graphs; evolutionary events include addition and removal of vertices and edges, but also duplication of vertices and their associated edges. Since duplication is viewed as a primary driver of genomic evolution, recent work has focused on duplication-based models. Missing from these models is any embodiment of modularity, a widely accepted attribute of biological networks. Some models spontaneously generate modular structures, but none is known to maintain and evolve them. We describe NEMo (Network Evolution with Modularity), a new model that embodies modularity. NEMo allows modules to emerge and vanish, to fission and merge, all driven by the underlying edge-level events using a duplication-based process. We introduce measures to compare biological networks in terms of their modular structure and use them to compare NEMo and existing duplication-based models and to compare both generated and published networks.
Effects of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog (GnRHa) immunization on the gonadal transcriptome and proteome of tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ) CURRENT STATUS: UNDER REVIEW

Background: Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) plays an important role in the regulation of vertebrate reproduction. Studies have shown that immunization against GnRHa can induce sexually sterile tilapia. To explore the mechanism behind this, in this study, RNA-seq and data-independent acquisition (DIA) techniques were used to study the transcriptome and proteome of the gonad of tilapia immunized with GnRHa. Results : 644 differentially expressed genes (80 upregulated and 564 downregulated) and 1150 differentially expressed proteins (351 upregulated and 799 downregulated) were identified. There were 209 genes with consistent differential expression patterns in the transcriptomic and proteomic analyses, of which 9 were upregulated and 200 downregulated, indicating that the gonad gene expression was inhibited by GnRHa immunization. The downregulated genes were particularly involved in the functions of single-organism process, binding, cellular process, metabolic process and catalytic activity, and associated with the pathways including ECM–receptor interaction, focal adhesion, cardiac muscle contraction and oxidative phosphorylation. The expression of six differentially expressed genes involved in the GnRH signaling pathway was all downregulated. In addition, several important functional genes related to gonadal development after GnRHa immunization were screened. Conclusions: This study confirmed the expression of corresponding genes was affected by GnRHa on the gonad development in tilapia at the molecular level, and laid a foundation for elucidating the mechanism of GnRHa immunization. in tilapia, this study analyzed the transcriptome and proteome of tilapia gonad after GnRHa immunization. The results showed that, compared with that in the control group, the gonad gene expression after GnRHa immunization was significantly different, and the number of downregulated genes was significantly higher than that of the upregulated genes. Six differentially expressed genes involved in the GnRH signaling pathway were screened, all of which were downregulated, indicating that GnRHa immunization inhibited the expression of genes related to the gonadotropin releasing hormone signal transduction pathway in tilapia. In addition, several important functional genes related to GnRHa immunity were screened, which laid a foundation for revealing the mechanism behind the effect of GnRH on gonad development in tilapia. Further studies on the expression patterns of screened GnRHa immune-related genes and the verification of gene functions are currently underway. follicle-stimulating hormone; LH: luteinizing hormone; FDR: false discovery rate; FC: fold change; T1: immunized group; CK: control group; DEGs: differentially expressed genes; DEPs: differentially expressed proteins; DDA: data-dependent acquisition; GO: Gene Ontology; KEGG: Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes; qRT-PCR: quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR; FPKM: fragments per of per million mapped reads.
What have we learnt from palaeoclimate simulations?

There has been a gradual evolution in the way that palaeoclimate modelling and palaeoenvironmental data are used together to understand how the Earth System works, from an initial and largely descriptive phase through explicit hypothesis testing to diagnosis of underlying mechanisms. Analyses of past climate states are now regarded as integral to the evaluation of climate models, and have become part of the toolkit used to assess the likely realism of future projections. Palaeoclimate assessment has demonstrated that changes in large‐scale features of climate that are governed by the energy and water balance show consistent responses to changes in forcing in different climate states, and these consistent responses are reproduced by climate models. However, state‐of‐the‐art models are still largely unable to reproduce observed changes in climate at a regional scale reliably. While palaeoclimate analyses of state‐of‐the‐art climate models suggest an urgent need for model improvement, much work is also needed on extending and improving palaeoclimate reconstructions and quantifying and reducing both numerical and interpretative uncertainties.
Climatic Character and Cause Analysis of Summer High Temperature in Main Cities of East China

Based on the high temperature data in East China during June~August 1961_2000,the climatic character of high temperature weather in Shijiazhuang,Nanjing and Fuzhou are analyzed.The variable features of the subtropical high and reason of high temperature weather are discussed.The results show that the duration of dry-and-muggy weather during severe high temperature process at shijiazhuang station is no long,but the extreme temperature is high,daily mean wind speed and relative humidity are small;and vice versa,at Nanjin and Fuzhou stations,but for the daily mean speed and extreme temperature.In the last 40 years,the monthly mean sunshine duration has reduced in summer of East China.The subtropical high and continental denatured high are to cause the main effect system of high tempearture of damage in East China in summer,which is an important reason of the increasing of day of severe muggy high temperature weather and high temperature time in the most of cities of East China.
Safety in numbers? Geographic diversification and bank insolvency risk

The Riegle-Neal Interstate Banking and Branching Efficiency Act, passed in September 1994 and effective June 1, 1997, will allow nationally chartered banks to branch across state lines. This act will remove impediments to interstate expansion and permit the consolidation of existing interstate networks ; What will be the impact of this legislation on bank performance and bank safety? Removing impediments to geographic expansion should improve the risk-return tradeoff faced by most banks. However, this paper argues that economic theory does not tell us whether an improvement in the risk-return tradeoff will lead to a reduction in the volatility of bank returns or in the probability of insolvency. ; The authors investigate the role of geographic diversification on bank performance and safety using bank holding company data. The authors find that an increase in the number of branches lowers insolvency risk and increases efficiency for inefficient bank holding companies; an increase in the number of states in which a bank holding company operates increases insolvency risk but has an insignificant effect on efficiency. Branch expansion raises the risk of insolvency for efficient bank holding companies, while an increase in the number of states has an insignfiicant effect on insolvency risk
Biomedical Properties and Origins of Sesquiterpene Lactones, with a Focus on Dehydroleucodine

Dehydroleucodine, a sesquiterpene lactone, belongs to the terpenoid class of secondary metabolites. Dehydroleucodine and other Artemisia-derived phytochemicals evolved numerous biodefenses that were first co-opted for human pharmacological use by traditional cultures in the Middle East, Asia, Europe and the Americas. Later, these phytochemicals were modified through the use of medicinal chemical techniques to increase their potency. All sesquiterpene lactones contain an α-methylene-γ-lactone group, which confers thiol reactivity, which is responsible, in part, for their therapeutic effects. A wide range of therapeutic uses of sequiterpene lactones has been found, including anti-adipogenic, cytoprotective, anti-microbial, anti-viral, anti-fungal, anti-malarial and, anti-migraine effects. Dehydroleucodine significantly inhibits differentiation of murine preadipocytes and also significantly decreases the accumulation of lipid content by a dramatic down regulation of adipogenic-specific transcriptional factors PPARγ and C-EBPα. Dehydroleucodine also inhibits secretion of matrix metalloprotease-2 (MMP-2), which is a known protease involved in migration and invasion of B16 cells. In addition to these anti-adipogenic and anti-cancer effects, dehydroleucodine effectively neutralizes several bacterial species, including Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Helicobacter pylori, methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aueus (MRSA) and S. epidermis (MRSE). The compound also inhibits the growth and secretion of several toxins of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, possesses gastro-protective qualities and possesses anti-parasitic properties against Trypanosoma cruzi, responsible for Chagas disease. Other sesquiterpene lactones, such as parthenolide, costunolide, and helanin, also possess significant therapeutic utility.
AKUT SOLUNUM YETERSİZLİĞİ VE HEMŞİRELİK BAKIMI

Lipoid pneumonia is a rare form of pneumonia. There are two types; exogenous and endogenous. The exogenous form often occurs due to accidental aspiration of fatty substances (such as; animal, vegetable or mineral fats). For elderly patients inparticular, the most common causes are oily nose drops and the use of oily substances for laxatives, such as castor oil. They are compounds containing hydrocarbons and hydrogen. The most common example is the oil found in paraffin, olefins, aromatics and the the acetylene series. Aspiration of high viscosity petroleum hydrocarbons may cause lipoid pneumonia. The accidental aspiration of hydrocarbon compounds can also cause acute illnesses such as fire eaters' pneumonia. In particular, the storing of hydrocarbon compounds in inappropriate packaging in the home, such as water, fruit juice or carbonated beverage bottles, are important factors facilitating the accidental drinking of these compounds by children. Since it does not have any specific clinic and radiological finding, it may be difficult to diagnose it, unless there is strong suspicion, or data is derived from anamnesis. Though a more common form of serious poisoning in childhood, in this study we, present two cases of lipoid pneumonia, diagnosed in adults.
AKUT SOLUNUM YETERSİZLİĞİ VE HEMŞİRELİK BAKIMI

Vascular anomalies are pathologies that occur in embryonic life that affect the lymphatic and capillary systems, and can be classified as vascular tumors or vascular malformations, according to their histological features. They are rare and are mostly detected in the first years of life. Hemangiolymphangiomas are benign vascular tumors containing lymphatic and capillary-system elements with a reported incidence of 1: 12,000 in newborns. The cases reported to date have been in the head (oral cavity, orbita, etc.), neck and mediastinum regions. We presented here a case of a 17-year-old male patient who was diagnosed with hemangiolymphangioma after a videoassisted lung biopsy (VATS) with accompanying interstitial lung disease. The patient, who had no history of chronic disease, presented to the outpatient clinic complaining of cough and shortness of breath for eight months. Interstitial lung features were observed in the patient’s thorax computer tomography. After the VATS procedure, the patient developed chylothorax, and the pathology results indicated hemangiolymphangioma.