Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Super-resolved all-refocused image with a plenoptic camera

This paper proposes an approach to produce the super-resolution all-refocused images with the plenoptic camera. The plenoptic camera can be produced by putting a micro-lens array between the lens and the sensor in a conventional camera. This kind of camera captures both the angular and spatial information of the scene in one single shot. A sequence of digital refocused images, which are refocused at different depth, can be produced after processing the 4D light field captured by the plenoptic camera. The number of the pixels in the refocused image is the same as that of the micro-lens in the micro-lens array. Limited number of the micro-lens will result in poor low resolution refocused images. Therefore, not enough details will exist in these images. Such lost details, which are often high frequency information, are important for the in-focus part in the refocused image. We decide to super-resolve these in-focus parts. The result of image segmentation method based on random walks, which works on the depth map produced from the 4D light field data, is used to separate the foreground and background in the refocused image. And focusing evaluation function is employed to determine which refocused image owns the clearest foreground part and which one owns the clearest background part. Subsequently, we employ single image super-resolution method based on sparse signal representation to process the focusing parts in these selected refocused images. Eventually, we can obtain the super-resolved all-focus image through merging the focusing background part and the focusing foreground part in the way of digital signal processing. And more spatial details will be kept in these output images. Our method will enhance the resolution of the refocused image, and just the refocused images owning the clearest foreground and background need to be super-resolved.
Power Transference Controller Design between two DC Microgrids Interconnected via an Interleaved Boost Converter: A PI-PBC Approach

This paper deals with the output voltage regulation problem in a direct current (DC) microgrid interfaced through an interleaved boost converter while the power transference is indirectly controlled. The interleaved boost converter is modeled using the averaging modeling theory to obtain a continuous bilinear dynamical model using a port-Hamiltonian (pH) representation. The pH representation is used to design an efficient controller with proportional and integral action that preserves the passive structure of the model during the closed-loop operation via passivity-based control theory (i.e., a PI-PBC design). At the same time, stability properties in the sense of Lyapunov are ensured. The proposed PI-PBC controller is compared against a nonlinear one based on the exact feedback control (EFC) theory. Numerical simulations in the PLECs software for MATLAB/Simulink reveal the effectiveness of the proposed EFL control in comparison with the EFC design when voltage and power variations are simultaneously tested.
Review: The endocannabinoid system: a new therapeutic target for cardiovascular risk factor management:

European guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice have identified obesity and smoking as primary risk factors for cardiovascular disease, the increased prevalence of which underlines the need for new therapeutic targets. The endocannabinoid (EC) system is a physiological system, comprising the cannabinoid receptors, cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) and type 2 (CB2), and their natural ligands, such as anandamide and 2-arachidonyl-glycerol (2-AG). The system plays a key role in energy balance regulation, both centrally and peripherally impacting on food intake, lipid and glucose metabolism, and fat accumulation. The EC system is also involved in nicotine dependence. Over activity of the EC system, associated with obesity or chronic tobacco use, leads to increased levels of endogenous ligands (endocannabinoids) and disrupts the feedback mechanism related to steady state homeostasis. Rimonabant, the first selective CB1 receptor blocker, normalises the EC system, reduces food intake and body weight, improves lipid and glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity and reduces nicotine self-administration. Clinical trials are ongoing to support the therapeutic potential of rimonabant in reducing these multiple cardiovascular risk factors. Br J Diabetes Vasc Dis 2005;5:121‐4
DIVISION OF THE HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES CALIFORNIA TECHNOLOGY SOCIAL SCIENCE WORKING PAPER 671

The financing of local public goods in French communities can be viewed, until 1 980, as a one dimensional choice. We propose a model to formalize this choice which results in the best choice of the "median" agent in a population in Which two types of citizens have been distinguished. Those who pay and those who do not pay the "taxe professionnelle". A translog specification of the model is estimated using data about 36 communities near the city of Toulouse, France. The democratic hypothesis according to which both types of agents mentionned above have the same weight in the decision process is rejected. Moreover, we do not reject the hypothesis that this non democratic bias decreases with the size of the city.
Otomatisasi Peringkasan Dokumen Sebagai Pendukung Sistem Manajemen Surat

Peringkasan dokumen adalah proses penyajian kembali dokumen dalam bentuk yang lebih singkat tanpa membuang informasi penting yang terdapat dalam dokumen tersebut. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan metode Naive Bayes untuk menghasilkan ringkasan sebuah dokumen. Objek dalam penelitian ini berupa dokumen yang berbentuk surat. Dalam proses peringkasan dokumen, penghitungan probabilitas didasarkan pada fitur teks yang ada dalam surat, diantaranya adalah frekuensi kata, kata kunci, frase kunci, dan kata yang termasuk dalam kelas entitas atau numerik. Hasil uji coba menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kompresi adalah 53.67% dengan informasi penting yang tersedia dalam ringkasan mencapai 96.67% dari dokumen asli.
Journal of Solid Mechanics Vol

Microtubules (MTs) are fibrous and tube-like cell substructures exist in cytoplasm of cells which play a vital role in many cellular processes. Surface effects on the vibration of bioliquid MTs surrounded by cytoplasm is investigated in this study. The emphasis is placed on the effect of the motor protein motion on the MTs. The MT is modeled as an orthotropic beam and the surrounded cytoplasm is assumed as an elastic media which is simulated by Pasternak foundation. In order to consider the small scale effects, the modified couple stress theory (MCST) is taken into account. An analytical method is employed to solve the motion equations obtained by energy method and Hamilton’s principle. The influence of surface layers, bioliquid, surrounding elastic medium, motor proteins motion, and small scale parameter are shown graphically. Results demonstrate that the speed of motor proteins is an effective parameter on the vibration characteristics of MTs. It is interesting that increasing the motor proteins speed does not change the maximum and minimum values of MTs dynamic deflection. The presented results might be useful in biomedical and biomechanical principles and applications. © 2015 IAU, Arak Branch.All rights reserved.
Journal of Solid Mechanics Vol

The propagation of shear waves in an anisotropic fluid saturated porous layer over a pre-stressed semi-infinite homogeneous elastic half-space lying under an elastic homogeneous layer with irregularity present at the interface with rigid boundary has been studied. The rectangular irregularity has been taken in the halfspace. The dispersion equation for shear waves is derived by using the perturbation technique followed by Fourier transformations. The dimensionless phase velocity is plotted against dimensionless wave number for the different size of ratios of depth of rectangular irregularity with the height of the layer and anisotropy parameters with the help of MATLAB graphical routines in presence and absence of initial stress. From the graphical results, it has been seen that the phase velocity is significantly influenced by the wave number, the depth of the irregularity, rigid boundary and initial stress. The acquired outcomes can be valuable for the investigation of geophysical prospecting and understanding the cause and evaluating of damage due to earthquakes. © 2020 IAU, Arak Branch. All rights reserved.
Modeling and Characteristic Analysis of Aluminum Electrolytic Load

This paper mainly studies the model of electrolytic aluminum load and analyzes the regulation characteristics of the electrolytic aluminum load. Firstly, the electrical characteristics of the electrolysis cell, on-load tap-changer (OLTC) transformer, rectifier transformer and saturation reactor are analyzed, and the model of the electrolytic aluminum load system is established. Then, the control characteristics of the electrolytic aluminum load are studied, and a coordinated constant current control strategy of OLTC and saturation reactor is proposed, and the regulation capability of the electrolytic aluminum load is analyzed. Finally, a case of an electrolytic aluminum load is used to verify the proposed method. The results show that the method proposed in this paper can effectively improve the steady-state characteristics and regulation ability of the electrolytic aluminum load.
Against the Tide: Gendered Prejudice and Disadvantage in Engineering

Although a balance has been achieved in the overall numbers of female and male students in higher education in the industrialized countries, vertical sex segregation has remained high as male academics and students continued to outnumber their female counterparts internationally. Gender representation is only one facade of gendered disadvantage in engineering, as complex forms of gendered disadvantage occur in social, cultural, psychological and economic layers of life, where women engineering students find themselves swimming against the tide of prejudice. This article draws on comparative and historical data, and a qualitative study with interviews and a questionnaire survey which generated 603 completed responses from female and male engineering students in Turkey. It seeks to reveal the complex and layered nature of gendered prejudice levelled against female engineering students. The findings suggest that linear formulations of gendered prejudice and disadvantage in engineering study are insufficient to account for the complexity of influences on career choice and their concomitant gendered outcomes.
Quantifying the soil carbon changes following the afforestation of former arable land

In this study,in order to assess the impacts of the first cycle of Larix olgensis afforestation on soil organic carbon,the authors used Dunhua City in northeast China as a case region to investigate the soil carbon in seven Larix olgensis stands during different afforestation periods,with an adjacent 250-year-old natural forest as the control for the possible long term soil carbon storing in northeast China. Mineral soil was sampled and the carbon contained in forest biomass and forest floors was measured to explore the qualitative as well as quantitative changes of soil carbon.Results showed that soil carbon decreased to a minimum level of 75.87 Mg/hm~2 in the first 12 years and then gradually recovered.In the 21st year after afforestation,the soil organic carbon density of forests rose to a level as high as that in the former cropland,ie 84.28 Mg/hm~2.Thereafter,the soil carbon started to accumulate.Within the short time span of 33 years,the amounts of carbon lost or gained by soil were much smaller than those accumulated in forest biomass.The soil carbon accounts for 63.4% of the ecosystem carbon stock in the 250-year-old afforested stand,suggesting that nutrient-rich afforestation soils may serve as the potential sinks for carbon in long term.Particulate organic matter(POM) was a sensitive index to reflect the soil quality.In the 0——30 cm soil layer,the percentages of coarse POM for the L.olgensis and natural forests were 2.7 and 3.4 times as high as that for the cropland.The proportion of particulate organic carbon in the total soil carbon increased,which indicates an improvement of the soil quality after afforestation.
Processing and Analysis of SCICEX-2000 CTD Data

Abstract : The long-term goal of this project is to understand variability in the heat and salt content of the upper layers of the Arctic Ocean. The specific objectives of this project are to process and analyze XCTD data from the fall 2000 trans- Arctic cruise of the submarine USS L. Mendel Rivers, and to compare these data to earlier data from the Arctic Ocean to identify changes occurring in the upper layers.
Tumorigenesis and Neoplastic Progression CK 2 Is Expressed in Endometrial Carcinoma and Has a Role in Apoptosis Resistance and Cell Proliferation

Protein kinase CK2 (CK2) is a serine/threonine kinase that participates in important cellular processes. We have recently demonstrated that CK2 plays a role in resistance to TRAIL/Fas-induced apoptosis in endometrial carcinoma (EC) by regulating FLIP. Here , we assessed the immunohistochemical expression of CK2 in EC and checked its role in cell proliferation and anchorage-independent cell growth. CK2 immunostaining was assessed in two tissue microarrays , one constructed from paraffin-embedded blocks of 95 ECs and another from 70 samples of normal endometrium. CK2 expression was correlated with histological type; grade and stage; cell proliferation (Ki-67) and apoptotic index; immunostaining for cyclin D1, PTEN, AKT, -catenin, and FLIP. Moreover , the Ishikawa EC cell line was subjected to down-regulation of CK2 by shRNA. CK2 expression was frequent in EC (nuclear , 100%; cytoplasmic , 87.5%). The staining was more intense in EC than in normal endometrium (P 0.000) , and statistically correlated with AKT, PTEN, -catenin, and FLIP. In EC, CK2 expression correlated with cell proliferation. Knock-down of CK2 blocked colony formation of EC in soft agar , and also resulted in decreased expression of cyclin D1 and ERK phosphorylation. The results confirm that CK2 is widely expressed in EC, and suggest a role in cell proliferation and anchorage-independent cell growth. (Am J Pathol 2009, 174:287–296; DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2009.080552) Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is one of the most common gynecological malignant tumors in Europe and the United States. EC can be divided into two main clinicopathological variants. Type I ECs are endometrioid EC; they are estrogen-related tumors, frequently well differentiated and developing mostly in preand perimenopausal women. Type I ECs are associated more frequently with four main molecular alterations: microsatellite instability and mutations of K-RAS, PTEN, and -catenin. Type II ECs are nonendometrioid EC (papillary serous and clear cell carcinomas); they tend to occur in older women, and are estrogen-unrelated tumors, frequently aneuploid, associated with p53 mutations, and are clinically more aggressive tumors. Protein kinase CK2 (previously known as casein kinase II) is a serine/threonine kinase that has been implicated in cell growth, differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. CK2 has been shown to be deregulated in several kinds of tumors. CK2 is an enzyme with extensive homology across species that consists of two catalytic subunits ( , ’) and the regulatory subunit ( ). CK2 exists as 2 2, ’ 2, or ’2 2 configurations. In the subunit, certain cysteine residues may play a role in anchoring the kinase to nuclear structures. CK2 activity may have a role in cell growth through its signaling to key sites in nuclear matrix and chromatin structures. Several growth stimuli can enhance CK2 nuclear shuttling, so that higher nuclear localization is observed in tumor cells compared with normal cells. Moreover, CK2 dysregulation in tumor
Tumorigenesis and Neoplastic Progression Human Renal Cell Carcinoma Induces a Dendritic Cell Subset That Uses T-Cell Crosstalk for Tumor-Permissive Milieu Alterations

From the Institute of Molecular Immunology,* Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany; the Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, and the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Medical Policlinic, University of Munich, Munich, Germany; the Tumor Immunology Laboratory, LIFE Center, Munich, Germany; the Department of Urology, University Clinic Grosshadern, Munich, Germany; the Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; the Institute of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany; and the Clinic for Nephrology, USZ and Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
Tumorigenesis and Neoplastic Progression Epigenetic Silencing of a Proapoptotic Cell Adhesion Molecule , the Immunoglobulin Superfamily Member IGSF 4 , by Promoter CpG Methylation Protects Hodgkin Lymphoma Cells from Apoptosis

From the Cancer Research UK Institute for Cancer Studies,* University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; the State Key Laboratory in Oncology in South China/Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Sir YK Pao Center for Cancer, the Department of Clinical Oncology, Hong Kong Cancer Institute and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Johns Hopkins Singapore, Singapore; the Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital & Cancer Institute, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; the Department of Pathology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; the Division of Surgical Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; the Department of Pathology,** University College London, London, United Kingdom; and the Sydney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
Navigating Drug-Induced Adversities: A Python-Based Console Application for Causality Assessment Using the Naranjo Algorithm

The timely and accurate adverse drug reactions (ADR) assessment is vital for effective patient management and healthcare delivery. The Naranjo Algorithm is a widely recognized tool for determining the probability that a drug induces a given ADR. However, the process can be time-consuming and susceptible to human error. This study introduces a Python-based console application (Python Software Foundation, Wilmington, Delaware, United States) designed to automate the Naranjo Algorithm for ADR causality assessment. The application was developed using Python 3.11. 4 on a Windows 11 system (Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, Washington, United States) and compiled in Notepad (Microsoft Corporation), a basic text editor, highlighting its accessibility and ease of use in various settings. User input is solicited for each question in the Naranjo Algorithm, validated for acceptable entries, and subsequently scored. The final score categorizes the reaction into Doubtful, Possible, Probable, or Definite ADR, facilitating rapid clinical decision-making. Preliminary validation shows promising reliability and effectiveness, making it a valuable asset in research and clinical settings for assessment.
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Observed normativity and deviance in friendship dyads’ conversations about sex and the relations with youths’ perceived sexual peer norms

The current study examined the relations between observed normativity and deviance during adolescents’ and young adults’ conversations about sex with their friends and their individual perceptions of sexual peer norms. Participants were 16–21-year-old same-sex friendship dyads (31 male and 30 female dyads) who performed a peer interaction task that consisted of five discussion assignments focusing on party planning, sexual double standards, condom use, homosexuality, and consensualsex.Videotapeddiscussionswerecodedtocapturethe amountsofnormativetalk(e.g.,consistentwithnotionsofhealthy sexuality) and deviant talk (e.g., consistent with notions of risky sexuality), and the verbal or nonverbal reinforcement thereof. Participants also completed individual questionnaires to assess their perceived sexual descriptive norms, injunctive norms, pressure, and risk norms among their peers. Actor–partner interdependence model (APIM) results revealed that youths’ perceived descriptive, injunctive, and risk norms, but not their experienced peer pressure, were related to both their own (actor effects) and their friends’ (partner effects) normativity and deviance. Overall, more deviance was related to perceiving friends to be more sexually active, more approving of having sex, and engaging in more risky sex, whereas more normativity was related to these perceptions in the opposite direction. Gender differences in the APIMs indicated that interactive normativity and deviance was related to perceived descriptive, injunctive, and risk norms for boys, but only to perceived injunctive norms for girls. These findings demonstrate the importance of assessing the dyadic nature of youths’ sexual communication with friends, their relation to individual sexual peer norm perceptions, and gender differences therein.
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Observatory science with eXTP

In this White Paper we present the potential of the enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry (eXTP) mission for studies related to Observatory Science targets. These include ﬂaring stars, supernova remnants, accreting white dwarfs, low and high mass X-ray binaries, radio quiet and radio loud active galactic nuclei, tidal disruption events, and gamma-ray bursts. eXTP will be excellently suited to study one common aspect of these objects: their often transient nature. Developed by an international Consortium led by the Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Science, the eXTP mission is expected to be launched in the mid 2020s.
Model Checking

Model Checking is a technique to prove a concurrent system finite model satisfies a given property. Largely used to prove hardware systems correct, new techniques allow its use also to verify software systems. This paper aims to present a tutorial overview of the fundamental principles of model checking, as presented in the WEIT 2011. The mais goal is to motivate undergraduate students to pursuit knowledge is this exciting area and to seek for the large body of available model checking literature and tools.