Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design Optimization and Manufacturing of shoulder fillet in Waveguide LR 260 Upper of Transmission System for Stress Concentration: Case Study in VTPL industry, Mumbai

In this paper frequent failure of a Waveguide LR Upper 260 Transmission member employed in a VFD Motor is studied. Considering the Transmission system, forces and the torques acting on the shaft, Maximum stresses occurring at the failure section are determined. Optimal Notch geometry is obtained for Shaft subject to bending & torsion loading condition. Geometrical features such as notches and corner give increases stress concentrations effect. Notches make localized stress concentration effects that can affect various failure mechanisms, in particular the initiation and expansion of small cracks under fatigue loads, considerably reducing the strength of Transmission components. For obtaining useful variable-radius notches, Mattheck Method is used to Reducing Von-mises stress, Max shear stress and Stress concentration by converting constant radius notch into variable radius notch. Natural structural members, such as tree bones and branches, after million years of development have learned to utilize variable tip radii as an alternative of the fixed radius. Our results show that stress concentration factors, von misses stress and Max shear stress are effectively reduced by variable radius notch. From components manufacturing point of view, CNC Program is generated for Variable radius notch by using Master cam-x4. Keyword Notch Optimization, Waveguide LR Upper 260, Stress concentration, Mattheck Method, Variable radius notches, Master cam X4
Brain tumour classification: a comprehensive systematic review on various constraints

ABSTRACT Brain tumour classification is among the most challenging tasks in medical image analysis. The purpose of brain tumour classification is to produce a precise delineation of tumour areas. Successful early detection of brain tumours is essential to enhancing treatment outcomes and thus improving patient survival. Over the last several decades, many researchers have contributed significantly to the field of brain tumour classification. The level of user supervision and computing efficiency have both been factors in the clinical acceptability of classification systems. However, due to a lack of collaboration between doctors and researchers, practical applications are still limited, and clinicians still rely on manual tumour estimates. This research presents a comprehensive review of recent brain tumour classification methods. The purpose of this survey is to conduct an evaluation of 70 papers that deal with the classification of brain tumours. This survey includes a systematic analysis based on performance levels and related maximum achievements for each contribution. In addition, the chronological review and numerous implemented tools used in the evaluated works are examined. Finally, the survey highlights a number of research issues and flaws that researchers may find helpful in developing prospective studies on brain tumour classification.
On-Chip time measurement architectures and implementation

In recent years, system on chip (SoC) devices have become increasingly popular in many applications, such as automotive, signal processing, portable electronic devices and communication products. This has led to more functionality being integrated onto a single piece of silicon. As the level of technology decreases down to smaller geometries, not only has the design become more complicated but also the verification of such devices has become significantly complex that it has led to stringent timing requirements being placed on such devices. With the continuing integration and speed scaling to higher frequencies into the low giga hertz range, limitations in the effectiveness of traditional production testing have been introduced. The increase in cost of automatic test equipment (ATE) and the fact that the electrical distance between the tester and the embedded core under test (CUT) has got wider has made the verification of such devices challenging. To alleviate this cost test problem, this research investigates the design and methods associated with high resolution on-chip time measurement systems and proposes the design of a low cost, high resolution, programmable time measurement architecture for characterizing on-chip time measurements. This new architecture is based on the time-to-digital conversion (TDC) method and uses the dual-slope technique to perform the timing measurement. The proposed architecture can perform a number of different types of time measurements, such as rise and fall time, pulse width and propagation delay type measurements, without the need for additional circuitry or circuit duplication that would add to the overall cost of the time measurement architecture. Each of the critical building blocks are analysed and a description of the final implementation of a prototype chip using a 0.12? m CMOS process is described. As the on-chip clock speeds of high performance VLSI devices increase into the tens of gigahertz range, time measurement architectures with timing resolutions of tens of femtoseconds will be required. Current high resolution time measurements architectures based on vernier and flash time measurement architectures use latches and flip-flops in the main timing measurement technique and can suffer from the inherited metastability phenomenon. To address this problem, current research solutions are analysed in this thesis and an on-chip time measurement architecture that is also based on the time-to-digital conversion method but uses the homodyne technique is proposed. The architecture is described and finally simulations using transistors based on a 0.12? m CMOS process are presented and suggest that timing resolutions in the tens of femtosecond range are attainable.
Effect of red ginger powder (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum) as a feed additive for starter and finisher broiler chicken to increase immunoglobulin A and immunoglobulin Y expression and to prevent intestinal injury due to Salmonella enteritidis infection

Background and Aim: Salmonellosis is an infectious disease that often occurs in chickens and is caused by Salmonella enteritidis. The use of antibiotics to prevent this disease can result in the development of resistance in pathogenic bacteria, in addition to the presence of antibiotic residues in consumed carcasses. Red ginger (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum) has active compounds that potentially act as immunomodulators which increase specific and non-specific immune responses through the induction of cytokine production. This study was conducted to determine the effects of red ginger powder mixed in feed for starter and finisher broiler chickens, based on the evaluation of the expression of immunoglobulin A (IgA), histopathologic description of the ileum and cecum, IgA, and immunoglobulin Y (IgY) expression in the spleen, and the isolation count of S. enteritidis in fresh fecal samples. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 starter and 100 finisher Cobb broiler chickens were divided into four groups, designated as T0, T1, T2, and T3, respectively: Group T0 was fed commercial feed with no added 2% red ginger powder or S. enteritidis induction, and served as a negative control; Group T1 was inoculated with a 0.25 mL S. enteritidis oral induction (1 × 107 colony-forming unit [CFU] [0.5 McFarland standard]), and served as a positive control; Group T2 was fed with feed containing 2% red ginger powder; while Group T3 was fed with feed containing 2% red ginger powder and was orally inoculated with S. enteritidis with a dose similar to T1. The normal feed was given on the 1st–7th days. The mixture of 2% red ginger powder was given on the 7th–15th days. The S. enteritidis was induced on the 15th day (1 × 107 CFU). Necropsy was performed on the 16th day and tissues were fixed in 10% formalin and routinely processed for histopathologic and immunohistochemical analyses. The data were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance test, Tukey’s analysis, and the Mann–Whitney U non-parametric statistical analysis test. Results: The 2% red ginger powder was found to significantly (p < 0.05) increase IgA expression and additionally decrease tissue damage in the cecum and ileum. It also increased IgA and IgY expression in the spleen. In addition, a decrease was observed in the S. enteritidis number isolated from finisher fresh feces, but none was found in the isolated starter fresh feces. Conclusion: These findings indicate that the addition of red ginger powder to chicken feed is a potential natural immunomodulator against S. enteritidis infection.
Forecasting of Daily Outpatient Visits Based on Genetic Programming

Background: The forecasting of daily outpatient visits has significant practical implications in outpatient clinic operation management, not only contributing to guiding long-term resource planning and scheduling but also making tactical resolutions for short-term adjustments on special days such as holidays. We here in propose an effective genetic programming (GP)-based forecasting model to predict daily outpatient visits (OV) in a primary hospital. Methods: In the GP-based model, the holiday-based distance outlier mining algorithm was used to determine the holiday effect. In addition, solar terms were applied as the smallest unit to more accurately determine the impact of a change in the climate on the outpatient volume. A segmental learning strategy also was used to predict the daily outpatient volume for the time series data. Results: The GP-based prediction could more effectively extract depth information from a finite training sample size and achieve a better performance for predicting daily outpatient visits, with lower root mean square error (RMSE) and higher coefficient of determination (R2) values, than the seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) model in the time range of holidays and the holiday effect. Conclusion: GP-based model can achieve better prediction performance by overcoming the shortcomings of the SARIMA model. The results can be applied to support decision-making and planning of outpatient clinic resources, to help managers implement periodic scheduling of available resources on the basis of periodic features, and to perform proactive scheduling of additional resources.
Real-Time Generation Method of Oil Painting Style Brushstrokes Based on Inverse Reinforcement Learning

A popular style in modern graphics programs like GIMP, Photoshop, and Painter is brushstroke artwork, a classic artwork that is still extensively practiced today. Regarding successive decision-making situations with ambiguity, reinforcement learning approaches can be quite helpful. In RL, a reward-enabled agent interacts with a dynamic situation to discover a strategy. To use current RL techniques, we must first offer a reward function, a concise depiction of the designer’s purpose. Hence, inverse-RL (IRL), an expansion of RL, was born. It solves this difficulty via developing the reward function from skilled demonstrations. In this article, we present a novel sundry-fidelity Bayesian optimization (SFBO) approach to boost the ability of the IRL regarding oil painting style brushstrokes. Finally, the performance of the proposed approach is examined and compared with the standard approaches to achieve the highest effectiveness in oil painting. The findings are depicted in graphical representation through Origin tool. Approaches based on RL can be quite helpful in ambiguous decision-making situations. Today’s RL approaches must include a reward function, which embodies the designer’s intent. To reduce the dimensions of the data, the proposed SFBO comprises stages of data preprocessing and feature extraction. The proposed technique was evaluated against the existing techniques in terms of accuracy, information loss, average MSE, and time consumption. Compared to the existing approaches, the proposed approach was the most effective.
Mindfulness and its Application for Older Adults with Chronically Painful Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis, a chronic condition resulting in considerable disability, particularly in later life, not only impacts life quality significantly and severely, but is associated with intense bouts of chronic pain and pain flares. The first aim of this review article was to summarize, synthesize, and examine the research base concerning the nature of osteoarthritis, followed by evidence that mindfulness as applied to aging adults with this condition, is likely to be highly efficacious for improving their life quality and joint status in general. A second aim was to provide directives for health educators and others who work or are likely to work with this population at this time and in the near future in the event no effective cure or approach is forthcoming. The article specifically focuses on examining the idea and possible efficacy of various forms of mindfulness as an adjunctive intervention strategy for minimizing arthritis disability, and for fostering independence and life quality. To this end, the author attempted to include a broad overview of all relevant articles published in the English language on the topic, rather than any systematic review. Collectively, these data reveal that while more research may be helpful, mindfulness practiced widely in Asia for many centuries-may be a useful intervention strategy for older adults in the community diagnosed as having osteoarthritis. They specifically suggest health educators and others working with people diagnosed as having osteoarthritis can safely recommend this approach to most people with this condition with the expectation that consistent practices will be protective in multiple ways, as well as heightening their life quality and overall health status.
Combining planted drying beds to maturation ponds at pilot scale for a comprehensive treatment of faecal sludge in sub-Saharan Africa

ABSTRACT Hight birth rate in developing countries generates huge amounts of faecal sludge to treat at a given time. In sub-Saharan Africa, it is estimated that 95% of households are not connected to a sewerage system for excreta disposal, and faecal sludge treatment of plants is almost absent, thus the necessity of developing cost-effective technologies to contain their harmful effect. In response to this preoccupation, pilot scale experiments combining drying beds with maturation ponds were conducted in Yaounde (Cameroon) for the treatment of faecal sludge. Raw faecal sludge was applied once a week at a load of 200 kg DM/m2/yr. on a 1 m2 section drying bed planted with Echinochloa pyramidalis plant for dehydration. The leachate obtained was subsequently polished in two shallow maturation ponds (50 cm depth) in series, following a varying hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 4, 7, and 10 days. Results showed the set-up to be effective at 10 days HRT in reducing significantly (p < 0.05) nutrient and organic pollutants as well as faecal coliforms in the final effluent compared to 4 and 7 days. However, suspended solids removal remained inefficient due to high algal biomass. The performance of the system enabled the treatment to meet the requirements of the Cameroonian guidelines for discharge and reuse in non-restricted agriculture. These results constitute advancement towards a comprehensive treatment of faecal sludge with the perspective of reuse of the effluent. Validation of this treatment scheme at full scale is ongoing for its adoption and implementation in the Cameroon national sanitation strategy. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Exploring the Biological and Physical Basis of Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) as a Promising Treatment Frontier in Breast Cancer

Simple Summary BNCT is a biologically targeted, densely ionizing form of radiation therapy that allows for increased tumor cell kill, while reducing toxicity to surrounding normal tissues. Although BNCT has been investigated in the treatment of head and neck cancers and recurrent brain tumors, its applicability to breast cancer has not been previoulsy investigated. In this review we discuss the physical and biological properties of various boronated compounds, and advantages and challenges associated with the potential use of BNCT in the treatment of breast cancer. Abstract BNCT is a high LET radiation therapy modality that allows for biologically targeted radiation delivery to tumors while reducing normal tissue impacts. Although the clinical use of BNCT has largely been limited to phase I/II trials and has primarily focused on difficult-to-treat malignancies such as recurrent head and neck cancer and recurrent gliomas, recently there has been a renewed interest in expanding the use of BNCT to other disease sites, including breast cancer. Given its high LET characteristics, its biologically targeted and tumor specific nature, as well as its potential for use in complex treatment settings including reirradiation and widespread metastatic disease, BNCT offers several unique advantages over traditional external beam radiation therapy. The two main boron compounds investigated to date in BNCT clinical trials are BSH and BPA. Of these, BPA in particular shows promise in breast cancer given that is taken up by the LAT-1 amino acid transporter that is highly overexpressed in breast cancer cells. As the efficacy of BNCT is directly dependent on the extent of boron accumulation in tumors, extensive preclinical efforts to develop novel boron delivery agents have been undertaken in recent years. Preclinical studies have shown promise in antibody linked boron compounds targeting ER/HER2 receptors, boron encapsulating liposomes, and nanoparticle-based boron delivery systems. This review aims to summarize the physical and biological basis of BNCT, the preclinical and limited clinical data available to date, and discuss its potential to be utilized for the successful treatment of various breast cancer disease states.
Consumers' purchase intention of wild freshwater fish during the COVID‐19 pandemic

Abstract The association between the COVID‐19 pandemic and the wildlife trade in the seafood market in Wuhan has raised public concern regarding wildlife consumption and public health safety. Considering several coronavirus transmission incidents related to aquatic products and the location of wild freshwater fish in aquatic consumption in China, the effects of COVID‐19 on the purchase intention of wild freshwater fish was investigated. Based on 1163 online questionnaires from eight provinces (including two province‐level municipalities) in the Yangtze River Basin, ordered logistic regression was carried out to analyze the influencing factors of purchase intention of wild freshwater fish during the COVID‐19 pandemic. The empirical results indicated that the COVID‐19 pandemic had changed consumers' perceived risk and purchase frequency of wild freshwater fish. External stimulus caused by the COVID‐19 pandemic had little influence on perceived risk and purchase intention. Consumer preference had a significant impact on perceived risk and purchase intention. Therefore, efforts should be put to strengthen the popularization of aquatic product knowledge, guide the public to develop scientific and civic eating habits, and improve the traceability system of aquatic products. [EconLit Citations: D12‐Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis, Q22‐Fishery; Aquaculture].
Tracheobronchomalacia causing end expiratory grunt post‐intubation

Tracheobronchomalacia is a rare, often asymptomatic, progressive disease characterised by a complete or near‐complete collapse of the airway during expiration. Only a few cases have been reported as being diagnosed intra‐operatively. Here, we report a case of tracheobronchomalacia diagnosed under general anaesthesia in a 52‐year‐old man undergoing elective excision of basal and squamous cell carcinomas of the scalp, face and arm. A persistent, loud, end expiratory grunt was noted immediately after inflation of the tracheal tube cuff. Oxygenation, ventilation and capnography remained within normal ranges. Flexible bronchoscopy revealed a patent tracheal tube with complete distal collapse of the trachea on expiration to the level of the carina. Increased positive end expiratory pressure was applied and the tracheal tube advanced to splint the trachea open. The grunting sound resolved and surgery proceeded uneventfully. Postoperatively, computerised tomography imaging confirmed the diagnosis. An audible end expiratory grunt immediately post‐intubation is unusual and warrants further investigation. Flexible bronchoscopy can be utilised to visualise the dynamic airway collapse that occurs in tracheobronchomalacia.
Seasonal variance in the chemical composition of essential oils from Lantana camaraaccessions and their trypanocidal activity on Phytomonas serpens

The objective of this study was to investigate the seasonal variance of the content and chemical composition of the essential oil from Lantana camaraaccessions at two harvest times, and to analyze the trypanocidal activity on Phytomonas serpens. Essential oil content ranged from 0.13 to 0.29% in the rainy season and from 0.13 to 0.33% in the dryseason. The compounds E-caryophyllene, α-humulene, α-curcumene and germacrene D defined the formation of four chemical clusters in the rainy and dry seasons, classified as: Cluster 1 (E-caryophyllene + germacrene D); Cluster 2 (germacrene D + E-caryophyllene); Cluster 3 (α-humulene + E-caryophyllene); and Cluster 4 (α-curcumene + E-caryophyllene). All L. camaraessential oils, representing the four chemical clusters, inhibited P. serpenswith low concentrations, considering the following IC50values: 18.34±6.60 μg/mL (LAC-018, Cluster 1); 9.14±3.87 μg/mL (LAC-027, Cluster 2); 14.56±3.40 μg/mL (LAC-037, Cluster 3); and 14.97±2.68 μg/mL (LAC-019, Cluster 4).
Breve cartografía de la forestación en aceras en Cuiabá: el caso de los barrios Jardim das Américas y Araés.

Se hace cada vez más común ver árboles topiados y con poda severa en las aceras de Cuiabá-MT, los que llaman la atención tanto por su uniformidad y simetría, como por ser el resultado en ambiente inhóspito, dentro de una ciudad de temperaturas extremadamente altas todo el año. Este fenómeno contradice estudios que demuestran cuán fundamental es la arborización de vías públicas para la composición del verde urbano, así como indispensable a la calidad ambiental y, consecuentemente, a la calidad de vida de los ciudadanos. Luego, este artículo tiene por objetivo comprender cómo el fenómeno de arbustificación y (des) arborización de aceras urbanas se hace tangible espacialmente en la ciudad de Cuiabá-MT. Para ello, se busca, por medio de un mapeo in situ de arborización en aceras urbanas de dos barrios – uno tradicional y uno nuevo, describir la configuración espacial de este fenómeno, considerando sus relaciones con el tipo de uso de las construcciones, con el perfil de poder adquisitivo del local, con el histórico del barrio, etc. Por medio del mapeo se observa que los árboles topiados aparecen, con mayor frecuencia en las aceras, paralelamente con la verticalización de los barrios y también cerca de áreas de comercio y servicios. Aun, se observa que tales árboles se perciben como señal de distinción y status por la población local, haciendo con que esta práctica de poda sea imitada y adoptada por gran parte de los moradores de Cuiabá, a pesar del calor escaldante de la ciudad y que el buen sentido pidan la plantación y mantenimiento de árboles frondosos.