Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Determination of Luteolin 7-Glucuronide in Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt. Leaf Extracts from Different Regions of China and Republic of Korea and Its Cholesterol-Lowering Effect

Lowering blood cholesterol levels is crucial for reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia. To develop Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt. leaves as a functional food with a cholesterol-lowering effect, in this study, we collected P. frutescens (L.) Britt. leaves from different regions of China and Republic of Korea. On the basis of the extraction yield (all components; g/kg), we selected P. frutescens (L.) Britt. leaves from Hebei Province, China with an extract yield of 60.9 g/kg. After evaluating different concentrations of ethanol/water solvent for P. frutescens (L.) Britt. leaves, with luteolin 7-glucuronide as the indicator component, we selected a 30% ethanol/water solvent with a high luteolin 7-glucuronide content of 0.548 mg/g in Perilla. frutescens (L.) Britt. leaves. Subsequently, we evaluated the cholesterol-lowering effects of P. frutescens (L.) Britt. leaf extract and luteolin 7-glucuronide by detecting total cholesterol in HepG2 cells. The 30% ethanol extract lowered cholesterol levels significantly by downregulating 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase expression. This suggests that P. frutescens (L.) Britt leaves have significant health benefits and can be explored as a potentially promising food additive for the prevention of hypercholesterolemia-related diseases.
Understanding blood development and leukemia using sequencing-based technologies and human cell systems

Our current understanding of human hematopoiesis has undergone significant transformation throughout the years, challenging conventional views. The evolution of high-throughput technologies has enabled the accumulation of diverse data types, offering new avenues for investigating key regulatory processes in blood cell production and disease. In this review, we will explore the opportunities presented by these advancements for unraveling the molecular mechanisms underlying normal and abnormal hematopoiesis. Specifically, we will focus on the importance of enhancer-associated regulatory networks and highlight the crucial role of enhancer-derived transcription regulation. Additionally, we will discuss the unprecedented power of single-cell methods and the progression in using in vitro human blood differentiation system, in particular induced pluripotent stem cell models, in dissecting hematopoietic processes. Furthermore, we will explore the potential of ever more nuanced patient profiling to allow precision medicine approaches. Ultimately, we advocate for a multiparameter, regulatory network-based approach for providing a more holistic understanding of normal hematopoiesis and blood disorders.
Estimates of currents in the nearshore ocean region using interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar

Microwave remote sensing of the ocean surface using Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is of great interest due to its high resolution and the potential of nearly instantaneous coverage of large areas. The experience accumulated in ocean imaging by SAR indicates that there are substantial difficulties in interpretation of the obtained images of ocean wave systems. Ocean surface currents are almost impossible to obtain from SAR imagery. The present paper reports on measurements of ocean surface currents based on imaging of the nearshore regions of the Monterey Bay using an interferometric SAR. The method is a modification of the conventional SAR which employs two spatially separated antennas. This modification allows one to construct an interferogram from the two complex images obtained by each antenna, which provides direct mapping of the observed surface velocities. The present results demonstrate the advantages of this novel technique in studying nearshore ocean surface dynamics. In particular, spatial distribution of the longshore current velocity is presented.
The Effect of Exclusive Breastfeeding on Mother's Weight Retention in Postpartum Period

Exclusive breastfeeding is giving only breast milk to babies, without other drinks food, or water, except for oral rehydration fluids, drops, or syrup containing vitamins, mineral supplements, or drugs recommended by health workers for medical reasons. Breast milk contains complete nutrition which is very good for growth and development and is easily digested by babies. Mothers who exclusively breastfeed find it easier and faster to lose weight to their pre-pregnancy state. As the gestational age increases, there is a progressive accumulation of maternal body fat. These fat reserves are a source of energy that will be used in the process of producing breast milk. By breastfeeding, the body will produce more breast milk so that fat deposits that function as energy reserves will be used. Thus shrinking fat deposits, the mother's weight will quickly return to its pre-pregnancy state. At present, postpartum weight gain is a separate problem for mothers because of frequent postpartum weight retention. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of exclusive breastfeeding on maternal weight in the postpartum period. A research design used in this study is the pretest-posttest control group design. This study used a group of mothers who exclusively breastfed and a group of mothers who did not exclusively breastfeed as a control group. Data on exclusive and non-exclusive breastfeeding were taken using a questionnaire, while the mother's weight immediately after delivery was taken from the mother's KMS or health worker documents. Calorie intake data was taken using the semi-SSQ questionnaire. While data on body weight in the range of 0-6 months, was taken by way of the researcher weighing directly using the same scales for each respondent. research results obtained Exclusive breastfeeding on mothers causing maternal weight loss in the first 6 months postpartum. Weight retention did not occur as in the non-exclusive breastfeeding group.
Bilayer Heterogeneous Cation Exchange Membrane with Polyaniline Modified Homogeneous Layer: Preparation and Electrotransport Properties

A bilayer membrane based on a heterogenous cation exchange membrane with a homogeneous cation exchange layer and a polyaniline on its surface is prepared. The intercalation of polyaniline into the membrane with a homogeneous cation exchange layer is performed by oxidative polymerization of aniline. The influence of the homogeneous cation exchange layer and the polyaniline on the structure, conductivity, diffusion permeability, selectivity, and current–voltage curve of the heterogeneous cation exchange membrane is established. Membrane properties are studied in the HCl, NaCl, and CaCl2 solutions. The homogeneous cation exchange layer has a negligible effect on the transport properties of the initial heterogeneous membrane. The polyaniline synthesis leads to a decrease in the macropore volume in the membrane structure, conductivity, and diffusion permeability. The counterion transport number in the bilayer membrane is significantly reduced in a solution of calcium chloride and practically does not change in sodium chloride and hydrochloric acid. In addition, the asymmetry of the diffusion permeability and shape of current–voltage curve depending on the orientation of the membrane surface to the flux of electrolyte or counterion are found.
EVALUASI KINERJA LAYANAN PENDIDIKAN TINGGI: PENDEKATAN METODE IMPORTANCE-PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS

Jumlah institusi perguruan tinggi tingkat nasional dan global cenderung terus meningkat yang berdampak kompetisi yang kuat. Dalam situasi kompetisi, kinerja layanan dalam perspektif mahasiswa merupakan key success factor perguruan tinggi berkelanjutan. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja layanan dari perspektif mahasiswa yang dilakukan di salah satu Universitas Islam Negeri di Jawa Timur . Studi ini menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Instrumen berupa kuesioner yang berisi 45 item pernyataan yang terdistribusi ke dalam lima dimensi SERVQUAL. Populasi yaitu mahasiswa angkatan 2019–2021 dan sebanyak 385 mahasiswa berkontribusi dalam studi ini. Teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu random sampling. Berdasarkan editing, hanya 288 (74,81%) responden yang layak diproses lebih lanjut. Analisis data menggunakan metode Kategorisasi Indeks dan Importance-Performance Analysis. SPSS digunakan untuk membantu perhitungan data secara statistik. Hasil studi menunjukkan masih terjadi gap antara tingkat kepentingan yang diharapkan mahasiswa dengan kinerja layanan yang sesungguhnya. Sekitar 28% kinerja layanan mampu mempertemukan tingkat kepentingan mahasiswa. Selebihnya, kinerja layanan masih menunjukkan kinerja yang rendah dan ada beberapa atribut layanan yang kurang dipentingkan oleh mahasiswa.
Understanding Video Games: The Essential Introduction

This expanded and revised second edition of Understanding Video Games provides a comprehensive introduction to the growing field of game studies. Understanding Video Games, 2nd Edition is an essential read for newcomers to video game studies and experienced game scholars alike. This follow-up to the pioneering first edition takes video game studies into the next decade of the twenty-first century, highlighting changes in the game business, advances in video game scholarship, and recent trends in game design and developmentincluding mobile, social, and casual gaming. In Understanding Video Games, 2nd Edition students will: Assess the major theories used to analyze games, such as ludology and narratology Gain familiarity with the commercial and organizational aspects of the game industry Trace the history of video games from Pong to Playstation 3 and beyond Explore the aesthetics of game design Evaluate the cultural position of video games Consider the potential effects of both violent and "serious" games. Extensively illustrated, and featuring discussion questions, a glossary of key terms, and a detailed video game history timeline (including an interactive online version), Understanding Video Games, 2nd Edition is an indispensable resource for anyone interested in examining the ways video games are reshaping entertainment and society.
Fatty Pancreas Is a Risk Factor for Pancreatic Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 2956 Patients

Simple Summary Pancreatic cancer (PC) is infamous for its silent and lethal nature, making it one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The early detection of PC is critical to achieve a favorable prognosis, as it typically goes unnoticed until advanced stages. Fatty pancreas (FP) is often associated with PC, but the causal relationship has not been clearly defined. With this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aim to strengthen the connection and emphasize the potential risks of FP to the development of PC. Based on our analysis, our findings exhibit a clear risk of PC in the presence of FP, advocating for future prospective studies to be performed in order to solidify the relationship. Abstract Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide. Recently, fatty pancreas (FP) has been studied thoroughly, and although its relationship to PC is not fully understood, FP is suspected to contribute to the development of PC. We aimed to assess the association between PC and FP by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis. We systematically searched three databases, MEDLINE, Embase, and CENTRAL, on 21 October 2022. Case–control and cross-sectional studies reporting on patients where the intra-pancreatic fat deposition was determined by modern radiology or histology were included. As main outcome parameters, FP in patients with and without PC and PC in patients with and without FP were measured. Proportion and odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) were used for effect size measure. PC among patients with FP was 32% (OR 1.32; 95% CI 0.42–4.16). However, the probability of having FP among patients with PC was more than six times higher (OR 6.13; 95% CI 2.61–14.42) than in patients without PC, whereas the proportion of FP among patients with PC was 0.62 (95% CI 0.42–0.79). Patients identified with FP are at risk of developing PC. Proper screening and follow-up of patients with FP may be recommended.
Indirect sulphate aerosol forcing in a climate model with an interactive sulphur cycle

The effects of anthropogenic sulphate aerosol on cloud albedo and on precipitation efficiency (the first and second indirect effects, respectively) are investigated using a new version of the Hadley Centre climate model. This version includes a new cloud microphysics scheme, an interactive sulphur cycle, and a parameterization of the effects of sea salt aerosol. The combined global mean radiative impact from both indirect effects is estimated to be approximately −1.9 W m−2 in terms of the change in net cloud forcing, with the “albedo” effect dominating: we obtain values of −1.3 and −0.5 W m−2 for the first and second effects, respectively, when calculated separately. The estimate for the combined effect has at least a factor of 2 uncertainty associated with it: for example, alternative assumptions which affect the concentration of natural “background” sulphate aerosol reduce the forcing by over 25%, and different parameterizations of the autoconversion of cloud droplets to rainwater can double the forcing.
Heterogeneous reactions on stratospheric background aerosols, volcanic sulfuric acid droplets, and type I polar stratospheric clouds: Effects of temperature fluctuations and differences in particle phase

Northern hemispheric ER-2 (NASA) data from stratospheric aerosol measurements during background conditions, periods disturbed by the influence of Mount Pinatubo, and polar stratospheric cloud (PSC) type I events are used to study the heterogeneous reactions of ClONO2 with H2O and of HOCl and ClONO2 with HCl in comparison to the gas phase reaction rate of OH with HCl. To calculate the reaction rates, the measured data of pressure, temperature, water vapor, and aerosol surface are utilized together with recent laboratory results for the heterogeneous reactive uptake coefficients. Because observations are limited, the mixing ratios of the gas phase species entering these rate calculations (i.e., ClONO2, HOCl, HCl, and N2O5) are taken from a two-dimensional model. It is found that in dense volcanic clouds at temperatures below 200 K the resulting heterogeneous reaction rates of chlorine activation can be of similar magnitude as the gas phase reaction rate. The heterogeneous rates in PSCs can exceed the gas phase rates by more than 2 orders of magnitude. For the ClONO2 and HOCl reactions the measured aerosol surfaces during the PSC events are treated both as liquid (e.g., ternary solution) droplets and as solid NAT to compare the effects of the different phases. The reaction rates on NAT are significantly lower than on liquid droplets. Indeed, this study shows that a transition from liquid ternary solutions to NAT is expected to reduce the rate of chlorine activation based on present chemical understanding and on observed aerosol surface areas. Additionally, the effect of temperature and surface area fluctuations on the heterogeneous reaction rates is discussed.
Modeling the Crack Network of Swelling Clay Soils

The dynamic crack network in swelling clay soils is a major factor determining their hydraulic properties and particularly preferential flow, with important consequences for ecologically adverse processes. We developed a physically based probabilistic model for the prediction of crack network geometry that takes into account the dependence of the crack concentration on soil depth. Starting with the similarity of crack networks in rocks and soils, we used the multiple cracking and fragmentation model available for rocks. In the case of cracked soils, two fundamental parameters of the model, the average spacing between cracks and the crack connectedness, become specific functions of depth. We constructed these functions for steady-state cracking after long drying times using a number of reasonable physical assumptions and introducing two additional parameters: the maximum crack depth, Z m , and the thickness of the intensively cracked layer, Zo. With continued drying, the ratio Z m /Z o ≅ 10 and the limiting values of these parameters are determined. Applications of the model include estimates of crack width, cross-sectional area, and volume in clay soils, given a knowledge of the water content profile and the shrinkage curve of the clay soil matrix. Published data of four field and lysimeter experiments from different geographical areas were analyzed for validation of the model. A satisfactory correspondence was obtained between predicted and measured crack parameters.
THE USE OF TECHNOLOGY INTELLIGENCE PROCESSES IN THE MANAGEMENT OF RESEARCH AND PRODUCTION OF NEW DRUGS

Abstrakt v Českém jazyce Tato diplomová práce se věnuje procesům Technology Intelligence pro oblast zdravotnictví se zaměřením na analýzu patentových dokumentů a nepatentové literatury. Analýza je zaměřena na tři modelové skupiny léčiv. První je skupina léčiv velmi dobře prozkoumané oblasti poruch funkce štítné žlázy, které se manifestují jako výsledná snížená funkce (hypotyreóza) a jsou ovlivnitelné léčivy zaměřenými na substituci hormonu štítné žlázy. Druhá modelová skupina ilustruje situaci antiflogistických a analgetických léků, které nejsou regulovány a jsou volně dostupné. Jako třetí modelová skupina je představena skupina protinádorových léků vyvíjených na podkladě znalosti molekulární a genetické podstaty nádorových onemocnění. V této skupině jsou k dispozici nové léky ovlivňující hlavní regulační body buněčných regulačních cest, jejichž poruchy jsou podkladem vzniku nádorových onemocnění. Podobně jako výzkum endokrinních poruch popsaných v první modelové skupině, tato nová léčiva umožňují ovlivnění geneticky různorodých poruch shodnými léky a to proto, že ovlivňují příslušnou regulační cestu, která je obecně shodná. Srovnání modelových skupin léků umožňuje odhadovat nové strategie výzkumu a výroby léků. Diplomová práce je rozdělena na čtyři části, v první části práce popisuje životní cyklus Technology Intelligence se zaměřením na možné využití v oblasti farmacie. Druhá část představuje konkrétní vstupy TI na základě definovaných Key Technology Intelligence Questions, určené informační zdroje, analytické metody a reporting. Třetí část prakticky demonstruje celý proces TI včetně postupu získávání dat a informací, přípravy množiny klíčových slov, rešeršní strategie a vyhodnocení relevance výsledků na výše uvedených skupinách léčiv. Čtvrtá část je syntézou získaných výsledků se závěrečnou diskusí.
Global Ground Motion Prediction Equation for Shallow Crustal Regions

The Graizer-Kalkan ground-motion prediction equation (GMPE) for peak ground acceleration (PGA) constitutes a series of filters, each of which represents a certain physical phenomenon affecting the radiation of seismic waves from the source. The performance of this GMPE is examined by using about 14,000 records from 245 worldwide shallow crustal events. The recorded data and predictions show an excellent match as far as 100 km from the fault. Beyond 100 km, the data generally show faster attenuation on the order of Rrup−4 due to a relatively low Q (as in the western United States) or slower attenuation on the order of Rrup−1.5 due to a high Q (as in the central and eastern United States). An improved GMPE is developed to account for regional variations in ground motion attenuation. The The new GMPE produces a better match to recorded data up to 500 km from the fault.
Fluorescence radial fluctuation enables two-photon super-resolution microscopy

Despite recent improvements in microscopy, it is still difficult to apply super-resolution microscopy for deep imaging due to the deterioration of light convergence properties in thick specimens. As a strategy to avoid such optical limitations for deep super-resolution imaging, we focused on super-resolution radial fluctuation (SRRF), a super-resolution technique based on image analysis. In this study, we applied SRRF to two-photon microscopy (2P-SRRF) and characterized its spatial resolution, suitability for deep observation, and morphological reproducibility in real brain tissue. By the comparison with structured illumination microscopy (SIM), it was confirmed that 2P-SRRF exhibited two-point resolution and morphological reproducibility comparable to that of SIM. The improvement in spatial resolution was also demonstrated at depths of more than several hundred micrometers in a brain-mimetic environment. After optimizing SRRF processing parameters, we successfully demonstrated in vivo high-resolution imaging of the fifth layer of the cerebral cortex using 2P-SRRF. This is the first report on the application of SRRF to in vivo two-photon imaging. This method can be easily applied to existing two-photon microscopes and can expand the visualization range of super-resolution imaging studies.
The state of stress on some faults of the San Andreas system as inferred from near-field strong motion data

We present a simple method to calculate the stress produced on an earthquake fault during rupture. This method allows the complete evaluation of the stress spatio-temporal history over the fault. We apply this approach to study the changes in shear stress produced during four of the largest earthquakes which occurred along the San Andreas fault system over the last 20 years: the Imperial Valley earthquake of 1979, the Morgan Hill earthquake of 1984, the Loma Prieta earthquake of 1989, and the Northridge earthquake of 1994. We use for this study the tomographic models of the fault rupture obtained from the inversion of the near-field seismic data recorded during these earthquakes. The results obtained show that the static and the dynamic stress drops vary greatly over the fault. The peak values obtained for the four earthquakes studied range from about 20 to 100 MPa. These high values imply that the initial shear stress level on the fault at the onset of the earthquake was high on at least a significant portion of the fault. The regions of the fault which break with a high stress drop are also the regions where slip is large. This suggests that most of the slip produced in a large earthquake takes place over the “strong” areas of the fault. Low slip regions tend to break with low stress drops. After the earthquake, the shear stress is increased over a significant portion of the fault, which corresponds to low slip regions. Aftershock activity tends to be concentrated in these areas of stress increase. The apparent strength of the fault before the earthquake (that is the local shear stress increase which is required for rupture) is also extremely heterogeneous. The rupture velocity seems to be inversely correlated with this apparent fault strength, the rupture accelerating over the “weak” areas of the fault and slowing down over the high strength areas.