Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DESIGNING AND IMPLEMENTING A SECURED SMART NETWORK THAT CAN RESIST NEXT-GENERATION STATE SURVEILLANCE

The vast number of internet services have already become an essential entity in people's lives. Although these increasingly growing services have made communication between people easier, yet they deemed to be a double-edged sword, that might expose people privacy to serious threats like intercepting private messages by hackers and governments. This paper aims to develop and implement a specific encrypted end-to-end encrypted network tunnel that protects the user’s privacy from being violated by any prying eyes. The designed network comprises Nine VPS (Virtual Private Servers), in which each client and server within this network would implement OpenVPN technology. The route through this Network will be determined by a random algorithm. One of these selected OpenVPN servers receives a particular message from the client, it would only recognize the preceding OpenVPN node that sent this message, so that it will disguise the identity of the original sender. The network has shown a high level of anonymity that can protect the identity of its users along with their data from being monitored by third parties. Moreover, the traffic speed will not be affected significantly.
THE LIMITS OF CONTEXT SIMPLIFICATION ON QA SYSTEM RESULTS

QA systems play a key role in human activities such as customer support, digital assistance in education, health, and public services. Our work is to use a QA system as a black box and see the effect of different simplification models on its results. The present study explores how far state-of-art simplification models can conserve text content. We measure text complexity with different linguistic metrics and meaning conservation with a BERT-based QA system score. Through evaluations, we measured text complexity and proved that context simplification as a multi-step simplification process gives better results in QA systems than ‘direct’ or ‘whole’ simplification. The proposed method has a better performance compared to automatic simplification. It is beneficial for a QA system with changeable contexts. As a task-oriented feature, choosing the convenient text simplification system should depend on its usefulness and the nature of the problem.
Simultaneously evaluation of physiological and biochemical responses in the leaves and roots of common Iranian bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon L. (Pers.)] accessions that can tolerate a wide range of temperature �uctuations

The average temperature of the earth's surface is increasing swiftly, negatively affecting the urban space's green cover. Using local genetic variation based on retrieving native populations has been proposed as a useful option to deal with global warming and preserve turfgrass quality. In this study, to identify Iranian common bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon L. (Pres.)] accessions which could endure a wide range of temperature �uctuations, eight Iranian accessions of common bermudagrass were collected from eight provinces with different climatic conditions including Taft, Naein, Malayer, Gardane-Heyran, Safashahr, Gorgan (as cold tolerant accessions) and Ahvaz (as a native accession to tropical regions) along with a foreign cultivar (California origin named Blackjack). They were subjected to �ve temperature regimes, including 35/30°C, 40/35°C, 45/40°C, 50/45°C, and 50/50° day/night cycles for 21 days. Evaluation of physiological parameters (total chlorophyll, leaf relative water content, electrolyte leakage, root viability and total soluble proteins), osmolytes (proline, total soluble carbohydrates and starch), antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, ascorbic peroxidase, catalase, and peroxidase enzymes) in the leaves and roots simultaneously revealed that among investigated accessions Gorgan with low electrolyte leakage in leaves and starch storage in roots and high Tchl, RWC, antioxidant enzymes activity and total soluble carbohydrates in leaves and roots could endure the harsh conditions of the 50/45°C temperature regime with acceptable turfgrass quality. Gorgan can endure almost 65°C temperature �uctuations and could be introduced as a cold-and heat-stress tolerant accession. These �ndings provided that a heat tolerant plant with controlling respiratory rate in roots and e�ciently breaking down starch storage to carbohydrates could provide the energy required for whole plant metabolic activities.
Laboratory Measurement of CH2DOH Line Intensities in the Millimeter-wave Region

Deuterium fractionation in molecules is known as one of the most powerful tools to study chemical processes during star and planet formation. Among various interstellar molecules, methanol often shows very high deuterium fractionation. It is the most abundant saturated organic molecule and is known as a parent species to form more complex organic molecules. However, deriving the abundance of deuterated methanol suffers from the uncertainty in the intrinsic line intensities (S μ 2) of CH3OH isotopologues. Due to their floppy nature, theoretical evaluation of the S μ 2 values is not straightforward, particularly for asymmetric-top asymmetric-frame isotopologues such as CH2DOH. In this study, we have measured the line frequencies and their intensities for CH2DOH in the millimeter-wave region from 216 to 264 GHz by using an emission-type millimeter and submillimeter-wave spectrometer. For the a-type J = 5 − 4 transition, the derived S μ 2 values are 13%–27% larger than those theoretically calculated, except for the transitions of K a = 2 for e 0 and K a = 1 for e 1 affected by avoided level crossing. For b-type transitions, significant systematic differences are found between theoretical and experimental S μ 2 values. The results of the present study enable us to accurately derive from observations the CH2DOH abundances, which are essential for understanding deuterium fractionation in various sources.
The Potential and Prospect of Tidal Swamp Lands for Sustainable Soybean Production

The demand for food, particularly as a source of protein for the majority of Indonesia’s population, has not yet been satisfied by the country’s soybean production. For these reasons, the government works nonstop to intensify and extend soybean production in order to enhance productivity. Indonesia has a sizable amount of tidal marsh area (more than 700 000 ha) that is spread out throughout a number of islands, including Sumatera, Kalimantan, and Papua. The physical and chemical characteristics of the soil, such as water saturation in the root zones, a low pH, and a high Al concentration for soybean growth, are the main limitations of this land. However, the area may produce high soybean productivity (2.0 - 2.5 t/ha) with excellent management techniques. It is already possible to grow soybeans on tidal marsh lands using land and plant management techniques like fertilization, water management, amelioration, and tolerance varieties. In order to ensure sustained national soybean production in Indonesia and achieve self-sufficiency, tidal swamp areas have tremendous potential and chances for development.
Development and optimization of sustained release triptolide microspheres

Rheumatoid arthritis is considered a chronic systemic autoimmune disorder that may cause joint destruction. Triptolide, an active component isolated from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook.f. , is considered to have promising potential for clinical use in treating rheumatoid arthritis. However, its clinical application has been limited by the narrow therapeutic window, side effects associated with plasma drug fluctuations, low oral bioavailability, and poor patient compliance with the long and frequent dosing regimen. An extended drug release preparation may address these limitations. The aim of this work was therefore to develop, formulate and optimize sustained release triptolide microspheres with poly (lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA). Triptolide-loaded microspheres were prepared using PLGA as the matrix polymer, dichloromethane as the oil phase, and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as the matrix forming emulsifier. An oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion solvent evaporation technique was utilized to prepare the microspheres. Surface response methodology (RSM) coupled with central composite design (CCD) was used to optimize the formulation and a total of twenty formulations were prepared. PVA concentration (X1), PLGA concentration (X2), and theoretical drug content (X3) were selected as independent variables; and drug content (Y1), encapsulation efficiency (Y2), mean diameter (Y3) and the initial release during the first day (Y4) were taken as the response variables. The optimized formulation showed mean diameter of 42.36 μm, drug content of 7.96%, encapsulation efficiency of 80.16% and an initial release of 14.48%. The prepared microspheres exhibited a sustained release profile of triptolide in vitro over 4 weeks, which was wellfitted with a Korsmeyer-Peppas equation. However, the initial drug release (~14%) of triptolide-loaded microspheres was very high and should be specifically investigated in future studies. The results indicate that long-term sustained release microspheres of triptolide can be considered a strategy to overcome the low bioavailability and poor patient compliance with conventional triptolide tablets. The issue of initial burst release and in vivo evaluations should be specifically investigated in the future.
Holocene laminated sediments from the southern Gulf of California: geochemical, mineral magnetic and microfossil study

Geochemical, magnetic mineral analyses and microfossils (radiolarians) are used to characterise a Holocene laminated sequence from the Alfonso Basin, northern Bay of La Paz, southern Gulf of California. In most cases, dark and light laminae show similar bulk chemical compositions and magnetic mineral properties. However, dark laminae contain relatively more terrigenous elements (Al, Si, Fe, K and Mg) supporting a pluvial origin related to the volcanic siliceous tuffs around the Bay of La Paz. In light laminae, calcium content is higher, representing biogenic input. The magnetic signal is dominated by low coercivity, fine‐grained low‐titanium titanomagnetites and magnetite. Hysteresis ratio parameters in domain state plots show that samples fall in the pseudo‐single domain field, indicating mixtures of single‐ and multi‐domain particles. Variations in hysteresis saturation magnetisation parameters for dark and light laminae reflect changes in relative mineral concentration. Results indicate a dominant volcanic source for magnetic minerals into the basin, associated with variable pluvial and/or aeolian transport. Low radiolarian abundance in dark laminae seems to be associated with larger penetration and longer residence time of oligotrophic subtropical waters into the bay that occurred during El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events. Light laminae are the result of episodic pulses of high productivity. We suggest that dark/light laminae result from oceanographic and climatic cyclic processes, with main terrigenous input variation possibly associated with ENSO forcing of pluvial influx, and/or latitudinal migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone. The laminated sequence of the Alfonso Basin formed a non‐annual depositional system, in contrast to the varved sediments characteristic of the central Gulf of California basins. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Machine learning prediction of mild cognitive impairment and its progression to Alzheimer's disease

Note this study is limited as a single ‐ site study; however, the models can be applied to any other site with OMOP data model. The proposed models serve as decision support systems that should be utilized under the supervision of trained healthcare providers, including primary care providers and specialists. Although the proposed ML models may not be as accurate as deliberate diagnostics such as MOCA, they are able to evaluate population ‐ wide automatically through data systems without requiring deliberate in ‐ person evaluation of everyone.
Dynamic changes in the suitable areas for the pinewood nematode in the Sichuan–Chongqing Region of China

The pine wood nematode (PWN), one of the largest alien forestry pests in China, has caused numerous deaths of conifer forests in Europe and Asia, and is spreading to other suitable areas worldwide. Information on the spatial distribution of the PWN can provide important information for the management of this species. Here, the current and future geographical distributions of PWN were simulated in the Sichuan–Chongqing region of China in detail based on the MaxEnt model. The results indicated excellent prediction performance, with an area under curve score of more than 0.9. The key factors selected were the altitude, maximum temperature of the warmest month, annual precipitation, precipitation of the wettest quarter, and minimum temperature of the coldest month, with thresholds of < 400 m, > 37.5 °C, 1100–1250 mm, 460–530 mm and > 4.0 °C, respectively, indicating that the PWN can live in low-altitude, warm, and humid areas. The suitable region for the PWN is mainly concentrated in the metropolitan area, northeast of Chongqing, and the southeastern and eastern parts of Sichuan Province. Most importantly, in addition to their actual distribution area, the newly identified suitably distribution areas A, B, C, and D for the coming years and E, F, G, and H for the period–2041–2060 (2050s) should be strictly monitored for the presence of PWNs. Altogether, the suitable distribution ranges of the PWN in the Sichuan-Chongqing region show an increasing trend; therefore, owing to its inability to disperse by itself, human activities involving pine trees and vectors of the Japanese pine sawyer should be intensively controlled to prevent the PWN from spreading to these newly discovered suitable areas.
Spillover of volatility among financial instruments: ASEAN-5 and GCC market study

The research examines a comovement and spillover of volatility among foreign exchange, conventional and shariah stock markets in Association of South East Asian Nation-5 (ASEAN) countries and Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity—Baba, Engle, Kraft and Kroner (GARCH-BEKK) and Dynamic Conditional Correlation (GARCH-DCC) models are used to capture the correlation and transmission volatility of the markets. The overall results show that both the Shariah and the conventional stock indices respond similarly to each country’s currency. A bidirectional (two-way relationship) volatility spillover exists only in Malaysia and a unidirectional (one-way relationship) volatility is observed in Indonesia, Singapore, Thailand, and Bahrain. The rest of the markets–the Philippines, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE)–do not have any volatility spillover evidence. Based on DCC outcomes, the conventional and Shariah stock in ASEAN-5 countries and GCC countries reveal the market efficiency, i.e., a positive high conditional correlation. Only Bahrain shows less efficiency than the other countries. It implies no portfolio diversification advantage in conventional and Shariah stock indices. Contrarily, currency and stock (conventional and Shariah) markets provide portfolio diversification benefits for all ASEAN-5 and GCC countries.
Placental characteristics and neonatal weights among women with malaria-preeclampsia comorbidity and healthy pregnancies

Background Malaria and preeclampsia are leading causes of maternal morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. They contribute significantly to poor perinatal outcomes like low neonatal weight by causing considerable placental morphological changes that impair placental function. Previous studies have described the effects of either condition on the placental structure but the structure of the placenta in malaria-preeclampsia comorbidity is largely understudied despite its high burden. This study aimed to compare the placental characteristics and neonatal weights among women with malaria-preeclampsia comorbidity versus those with healthy pregnancies. Methodology We conducted a retrospective cohort study among 24 women with malaria-preeclampsia comorbidity and 24 women with healthy pregnancies at a County Hospital in Western Kenya. Neonatal weights, gross and histo-morphometric placental characteristics were compared among the two groups. Results There was a significant reduction in neonatal weights (P<0.001), placental weights (P = 0.028), cord length (P<0.001), and cord diameter (P<0.001) among women with malaria-preeclampsia comorbidity compared to those with healthy pregnancies. There was also a significant reduction in villous maturity (P = 0.016) and villous volume density (P = 0.012) with increased villous vascularity (P<0.007) among women with malaria-preeclampsia comorbidity compared to those with healthy pregnancies. Conclusion Placental villous maturity and villous volume density are significantly reduced in patients with malaria-preeclampsia comorbidity with a compensatory increase in villous vascularity. This leads to impaired placental function that contributes to lower neonatal weights.
LOSS OF C REE TRADITIONAL ECOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE IN THE WESTERN JAMES BAY REGIONOF NORTHERN ONTARIO, CANADA: A CASE STUDY OF THE SHARP-TAILED GROUSE, Tympanuchus phasianellus phasianellus

Resume This paper demonstrates quantitatively, using the Sharp-tailed grouse as a case study, that there is significant loss oftraditional ecological knowledge in the Fort Albany First Nation community between generations, for both females and males. Ifnothing is done to maintain knowledge (and culture) in First Nations communities, all traditional ecological knowledge will even- tually be lost. The paper includes a brief description of one project aimed at preserving First Nations traditional ecological knowledge.
Prolonging the delivery of influenza virus vaccine improves the quantity and quality of the induced immune responses in mice

Influenza vaccines play a vital role in protecting individuals from influenza virus infection and severe illness. However, current influenza vaccines have suboptimal efficacy, which is further reduced in cases where the vaccine strains do not match the circulating strains. One strategy to enhance the efficacy of influenza vaccines is by extended antigen delivery, thereby mimicking the antigen kinetics of a natural infection. Prolonging antigen availability was shown to quantitatively enhance influenza virus-specific immune responses but how it affects the quality of the induced immune response is unknown. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate whether prolongation of the delivery of influenza vaccine improves the quality of the induced immune responses over that induced by prime-boost immunization. To study this, mice were given daily doses of whole inactivated influenza virus vaccine for periods of 14, 21, or 28 days; the control group received prime-boost immunization with a 28 days interval. Our data show that the highest levels of cellular and humoral immune responses were induced by 28 days of extended antigen delivery, followed by 21, and 14 days of delivery, and prime-boost immunization. Moreover, prolonging vaccine delivery also improved the quality of the induced antibody response, as indicated by higher level of high avidity antibodies, a balanced IgG subclass profile, and a higher level of cross-reactive antibodies. Overall, our findings contribute to a better understanding of the immune response to influenza vaccination and have important implications for the design and development of future slow-release influenza vaccines.
Terlipressin in the management of adults with hepatorenal syndrome-acute kidney injury (HRS-AKI)

ABSTRACT Introduction Kidney is the most common extra-hepatic organ involved in patients with advanced liver cirrhosis and acute-on-chronic liver failure. Hepatorenal syndrome-acute kidney injury (HRS-AKI) accounts for most hospitalizations, and liver transplantation (LT) remains the ultimate and long-term treatment in such patients. However, HRS-AKI, being a functional renal failure, has a fair chance of reversal, and as such, patients who achieve reversal of HRS-AKI have better outcomes post-LT. Areas covered In this review, we discuss the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and evidence to support the use of terlipressin in HRS-AKI while we also address predictors of response and the associated adverse events. Further, we discuss the role of terlipressin in the context of LT. Expert opinion The recommended treatment for HRS-AKI reversal includes a vasoconstrictor in addition to volume expansion with albumin. The three vasoconstrictor regimens generally used to treat HRS-AKI include octreotide plus midodrine, noradrenaline, and terlipressin. Of these, terlipressin is a widely used drug and has been recently approved by US Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) for HRS-AKI. Terlipressin is the most effective drug for HRS-AKI reversal and is associated with a decreased need for renal replacement therapy pre- and post-transplant. Furthermore, terlipressin responders have improved transplant-free and post-transplant survival.
Expression and significance of silent information regulator two homolog 1 in the placenta and plasma of patients with pre-eclampsia—a meta-analysis

Abstract Objective This study aimed to collect, organize, and conduct a meta-analysis of the literature on the expression of silent information regulator two homolog 1 (SIRT1) in the placental tissue and plasma of patients with pre-eclampsia. Methods The enrolled patients were divided into two groups: the pre-eclampsia group and the healthy group. This study summarized and analyzed the demographic characteristics of the two groups, including pregnancy age, gestational weeks, parity, gravidity, blood pressure, Body Mass Index, newborn weight, placental weight, and SIRT1 expression in placental tissue and maternal plasma. Results Eleven studies were included in this research, with 586 cases in the pre-eclampsia group and 479 cases in the control group. Three research studies are reporting immunohistochemistry tests, among which the pre-eclampsia group had a positivity rate of 30.24% (62/205), while the control group had 58.02% (76/131); the two groups have a significant difference (p < 0.05). Two research studies reported the results of ELISA tests, with 107 cases in the pre-eclampsia group and 125 cases in the control group. A comparison of the SIRT1 test results showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups (p < 0.05). Pre-eclampsia group patients had lower gestational weeks, newborn birth weight, and placental weight compared to the healthy control group (all p < 0.05). However, systolic and diastolic blood pressures were higher in the pre-eclampsia group than in the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion SIRT1 expression is downregulated in pre-eclampsia patients’ plasma and placental tissue. Further research is needed to validate this conclusion.