Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Improved Parameterization for the Size Distribution of Emitted Dust Aerosols Reduces Model Underestimation of Super Coarse Dust

Aircraft measurement campaigns have revealed that super coarse dust (diameter >10 μm) surprisingly accounts for approximately a quarter of aerosols by mass in the atmosphere. However, most global aerosol models either underestimate or do not include super coarse dust abundance. To address this problem, we use brittle fragmentation theory to develop a parameterization for the emitted dust size distribution that includes emission of super coarse dust. We implement this parameterization in the Community Earth System Model (CESM) and find that it brings the model in good agreement with aircraft measurements of super coarse dust close to dust source regions. However, the CESM still underestimates super coarse dust in dust outflow regions. Thus, we conclude that the model underestimation of super coarse atmospheric dust is in part due to the underestimation of super coarse dust emission and likely in part due to errors in deposition processes.
Environmentally Friendly g-C3N4/Sepiolite Fiber for Enhanced Degradation of Dye under Visible Light

Herein, novel visible light active graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4)/sepiolite fiber (CN/SS) composites were fabricated via a facile calcination route, exploiting melamine and thiourea as precursors, and sepiolite fiber as support, for efficient degradation of organic dye methylene blue (MB). The as-prepared CN/SS composites were characterized by various characterization techniques based on structural and microstructural analyses. The effects of CN loading amount, catalyst dosage and initial concentration of dye on the removal rate of dye under visible light were systematically studied. The removal rate of MB was as high as 99.5%, 99.6% and 99.6% over the composites when the CN loading amount, catalyst dosage and initial concentration of dye were 20% (mass percent), 0.1 g, and 15 mg/L in 120 min, respectively. The active species scavenging experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurement indicated that the holes (h+), hydroxyl radical (·OH) and superoxide radicals (·O2−) were the main active species. This study provides for the design of low-cost, environmentally friendly and highly efficient catalysts for the removal of organic dye.
Functional Integration of Subcomponents for Hybridization of Fused Filament Fabrication

—One of the main advantages of additive manufacturing by Fused Filament Fabrication is its wide variety of materials and cost-effective production systems. However, the resolution and tightness of the produced structures are limited. The following article describes a novel approach of the functional integration of stereolithographic produced subcomponents into the Fused Filament Fabrication process and the challenges during integration in terms of adhesion, taking into account different surface pre-treatments. Furthermore, it is investigated how conductive polymer composites could be used successfully for conducting mechatronic subcomponents automatically. With the help of these investigations it is aimed to extend the field of application of additive manufactured plastic components.
Home load simulation using wireless ZIGBEE

This paper defines the monitoring of power and controlling relay using wireless ZigBee. These papers propose a system design for wirelessly controlling relays and monitoring current which is used for home simulation. The wirelessly turning relays gets on and off by sending commands from a PC to the microcontroller by which the total load current tour simulated homes can be changed. In this paper, for wireless communication XBee series to ZigBee RF modules used. One of the modules is connected to a microcontroller and the home load simulation while another is connected to PC which is used for collecting and displaying data as well as relay monitoring and control. Index Term- ZigBee, wireless sensor network, electrical safety, Home simulation I. INTRODUCTION As the population is increasing day by day in our world so the rate of power required is also increasing. More power requirement is the result of grown modern technologies in the cities as well as in the villages. Hence a development of wireless home automation system becomes a part of the life. (1) Home automation system has grown over the years as a need to control the power consumption. Wireless home automation system is needed for a system that can respond to commands like on /off status of electrical device using pc or cellular phones(2) In this paper, ZigBee for the wireless communication between the controller and devices is used,. ZigBee is a high level communication protocol area with low power digital radio which is based on IEEE 802.15 standards(2). Many appliances and items in the home are simulated with the use of registers. This system provides the user wirelessly controlled appliances by switching it on and off. Hence power consumption is managed by this system(4). It provides user graphic information of the data in the computer in real time power used at home. The simulated home will be consisted of the seven appliances designed by resistance or load. 5V, DC power is supplied to all the simulated home devices by microcontroller. Generally home is supplied to 120 voltage AC current but the simulator home is independent from this need. This design is based on the network layer and the software are Xbee chips and firm ware for the data links and the Xbee-API and the Xbee-Aurino software eases works for the network layer. The ZigBee is used due to low power consumption for the microcontroller unit end of the transmission. It is less complicated and easy to implement(5). II. WHY ZIGBEE?
Lithofacies and Source Rock Quality of Organic-Rich Shales in the Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation, Songliao Basin, NE China

The organic-rich shale of the Qingshankou Formation (K2qn) is the most important target in the Songliao Basin. The relationship between lithofacies and source rock quality, however, is still controversial. Core observation, thin section identification, X-ray diffraction, organic geochemistry, and other analytical methods were adopted to investigate the petrology and its effects on hydrocarbon potential of the Qingshankou shale. Based on the differences in minerals, bioclastic, and fabric of laminae, four main lithofacies were defined as: (i) felsic shale (FS), (ii) clay shale (CS), (iii) bio-bearing shale (BS), and (iv) mixed shale (MS). The clay minerals content in the CS (average: 46.72 wt%) and MS (average: 41.11 wt%) was higher than that in FS (average: 39.97 wt%) and BS (average: 35.48 wt%). This classification allows the following comparative quantification of total organic carbon (TOC) content to be differentiated: CS > BS > MS > FS. Geochemical analysis indicated that the oil generation potential of the CS was the best, and the hydrocarbons generated from CS might migrate and accumulate in other lithofacies. All this knowledge could shed light on the lithofacies classification in shale systems with high clay mineral content, and may provide references for sweet spotting of the Qingshankou Formation in the Songliao Basin.
On parametric spectral estimation for induction machine faults detection in stationary and nonstationary environments

In this thesis, a signal processing-based approach for induction machine faults detection through stator currents has been proposed. A parametric spectral estimation approach has been adopted to extract sensitive index to induction machine faults. The proposed approach can perform induction machine condition monitoring in stationary and non-stationary environment. Moreover, it allows to propose a reliable diagnosis scheme for electrical and mechanical faults that may occur in induction machines. Moreover, A Matlab-Simulink®-based tool for faulty induction machines has been developed to generate faults database and therefore to allow the performance of the proposed approach assessment. The coupled magnetic circuits approach combined with the arbitrary reference frames theory has been used for induction machines modeling. The proposed technique has been validated using experiments on conventional induction machine test bed for bearing faults detection and diagnosis. The obtained results were satisfactory and very promising.
Interaction and Application of Molds and Yeasts in Chinese Fermented Foods

Fermentation is an ancient food preservation and processing technology with a long history of thousands of years, that is still practiced all over the world. Fermented foods are usually defined as foods or beverages made by controlling the growth of microorganisms and the transformation of raw and auxiliary food components, which provide the human body with many beneficial nutrients or health factors. As fungus widely used in traditional Chinese fermented foods, molds and yeasts play an irreplaceable role in the formation of flavor substances and the production of functional components in fermented foods. The research progress of molds and yeasts in traditional Chinese fermented foods from traditional to modern is reviewed, including the research on the diversity, and population structure of molds and yeasts in fermented foods. The interaction between fermenting mold and yeast and the latest research results and application development prospects of related industries were discussed.
Extraction, Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Potential of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Aerial Parts of Bauhinia variegata

The goals of this research are to screen phytochemicals, perform thin layer chromatography, assess the quantity of phenolic and flavonoid compounds, and measure the antioxidant potential of Bauhinia variegata. The well-known test methodology available in the literature was used to determine the qualitative analysis of various phytochemical elements as well as the quantitative analysis of total phenol and flavonoids. The hydro alcoholic extract of Bauhinia variegata aerial parts was investigated for qualitative and quantitative analyses, as well as antioxidant activity using an in vitro model, namely the 1,1-diphenyl, 2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The presence of phenols and flavonoids was discovered by phytochemical research. The total phenolic and flavonoid content of Bauhinia variegata hydroalcoholic extract was 1.454 and 1.112mg/100mg, respectively. Ascorbic acid, which was employed as a control, was also assessed for comparison. In the investigated models, the extract demonstrated dose-dependent free radical scavenging activity. Bauhinia variegata aerial parts For the DPPH technique, hydroalcoholic extract had an IC50 value of 60.22g/ml, which was close to that of ascorbic acid (IC50=17.68g/ml). The IC50 value for the hydrogen peroxide technique was determined to be 76.97g/ml, which compares favourably to ascorbic acid (IC50=18.69g/ml). The current study discusses the phytochemical profile, antioxidant activity, and TLC of Bauhinia variegata, which will be employed for medical purposes in the future.
Design of a Circularly Polarized T – Stub Coupled Microstrip Patch Antenna for WLAN

In this paper a new way of feeding single layer microstrip patch antenna to generate circular polarization using electromagnetically coupled microstrip T junction is proposed. The proposed antenna eliminates the need for capacitors in the RF path for active antenna applications in wireless local area network (WLAN). The simulated results using IE3D software were verified by measurement using the vector network analyzer.
Molecular Responses of Plant Due to Stress Induced by Salt

: Numerous changes in environmental conditions are becoming the main cause of plant stress in the current scenario. Abiotic stress is the most concerning among those, as it may affect the efﬁciency of crops, decrease plant yield, deteriorate the quality of crops and their vigor, and affect plant germination. The regulation of these effects comprises transcriptional factors that control the expression of a gene by requisite to an explicit supporter of DNA sequences. Stress-induced responses due to salt involve transcription factors such as AP2/EREBP, bZIP/HDZIPs, myb proteins, putative zinc ﬁnger proteins, leucine zipper DNA binding proteins, and DRE-associated binding aspects. Principally, AP2/ERF domain proteins consist of DREB or CBF proteins binding to C-repeats or dehydration response elements (DRE). These transcription factors aim for genetic resistance to abiotic stress in crops.
Review of multi-fin propulsion and functional materials of underwater bionic robotic fish

At present, single-fin propulsion modes, such as pectoral fins and caudal fins, cannot ensure the mobility and forward speed of bionic robotic fish, whereas a multi-fin and flexible body can better ensure a high propulsion efficiency – particularly with low-speed mobility and high-speed stability. Therefore, the cooperative propulsion mode of the pectoral fin and caudal fin has become a research hotspot in recent years. This paper systematically introduces various actuators of robotic fish, including traditional actuators and functional materials. The functional materials include shape-memory alloy wires, ionic polymer–metal composites and piezoelectric ceramics, and their performance characteristics and limitations are discussed. Functional materials can reduce the volume and weight of a robot and reduce noise. Underwater robots have the advantages of flexibility and the ability to perform complex motions. Therefore, flexible robotic fish that combine the flexible behaviour of real fish with robot technology are gradually emerging. Finally, future research directions for bionic robotic fish are presented.
Serum Proteins, HMMR, NXPH4, PITX1 and THBS4; A Panel of Biomarkers for Early Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

The high morbidity rate of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is mainly linked to late diagnosis. Early diagnosis of this leading cause of mortality is therefore extremely important. We designed a gene selection strategy to identify potential secretory proteins by predicting signal peptide cleavage sites in amino acid sequences derived from transcriptome data of human multistage HCC comprising chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and early and overt HCCs. The gene selection process was validated by the detection of molecules in the serum of HCC patients. From the computational approaches, 10 gene elements were suggested as potent candidate secretory markers for detecting HCC patients. ELISA testing of serum showed that hyaluronan mediated motility receptor (HMMR), neurexophilin 4 (NXPH4), paired like homeodomain 1 (PITX1) and thrombospondin 4 (THBS4) are early-stage HCC diagnostic markers with superior predictive capability in a large cohort of HCC patients. In the assessment of differential diagnostic accuracy, receiver operating characteristic curve analyses showed that HMMR and THBS4 were superior to α-fetoprotein (AFP) in diagnosing HCC, as evidenced by the high area under the curve, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and other values. In addition, comparative analysis of all four markers and AFP combinations demonstrated that HMMR-PITX1-AFP and HMMR-NXPH4-PITX1 trios were the optimal combinations for reaching 100% accuracy in HCC diagnosis. Serum proteins HMMR, NXPH4, PITX1 and THBS4 can complement measurement of AFP in diagnosing HCC and improve identification of patients with AFP-negative HCC as well as discriminate HCC from non-malignant chronic liver disease.
Use of Off-Label Drugs and Nutrition Supplements among Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in Norway

Materials and Methods A cross-sectional questionnaire study was performed, where 41 ALS patients reported their use of off-label treatments, as well as self-perceived HRQOL using the RAND-12 questionnaire. Results A majority of respondents used riluzole. Of the 41 respondents, 18 (43.9%) reported use of off-label medications and 18 (43.9%) used nutritional supplements. Low-dose naltrexone was the most commonly used off-label medication, whereas vitamins accounted for most of the nutritional supplements. The respondents' RAND-12 component scores were significantly lower than those of the general population. Low-dose naltrexone and vitamin B were associated with a better physical component score. Conclusions Most of the respondents in our study adhere to the recommended treatment protocols, as less than half of them reported using off-label medications or nutritional supplements against ALS. Positive correlations between physical HRQOL and use of low-dose naltrexone or vitamin B were demonstrated. These results warrant further investigations.
In vitro regenerative competence of foliar explants of Cymbidium aloifolium (L.) Sw. and C. iridioides D. Don: Two horticultural important orchids

In vitro regenerative potentials of foliar explants of Cymbidium aloifolium (L.) Sw. and C. iridioides D. Don. were assessed. About 52% explants of C. aloifolium invoked meristematic loci, followed by shoot buds formation after 65 d of culture on MS medium containing sucrose (3% w/v), α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA; 6 µM) and benzyl adenine (BA; 9 µM). While 60% of leaf explants of C. iridioides exhibited a similar response on the above basal medium enriched with NAA (9 µM) and BA (3 µM). The better morphogenic response was recorded with explants cultured in upright orientation. The shoot buds developed from the foliar explants of C. aloifolium differentiated into rooted plantlets (12 plantlets/explant) on MS medium containing sucrose (3%) and BA (3 µM); while in case of C. iridioides, about 20 plantlets/explant were developed after 3-4 wk of culture on MS medium fortified with sucrose (3%), casein hydrolysate (100 mg L -1 ), coconut water (15%) and NAA (3 µM)+BA (6 µM). The well rooted plantlets of both the species were hardened for 4-6 wk on 1/10 th MS salt solution containing sucrose (1%) but free from plant growth regulators. In the hardening medium, charcoal pieces, brick pieces and chopped mosses (at 1:1:1 ratio) were incorporated as supporting material. After hardening, the regenerated plantlets of both the species were transferred to the community potting mix with 75-80% survivors after two months of transfer under polyhouse condition.
The Potential Antipyretic Mechanism of Ellagic Acid with Brain Metabolomics Using Rats with Yeast-Induced Fever

Fever is caused by an increase in the heat production process when the body is under the action of a heat source or the dysfunction of the temperature center. Ellagic acid (EA) is a polyphenol dilactone that has anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and antioxidant activities. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected yeast to reproduce an experimental fever model (150 ± 20 g), and the rectal temperature and its change values were subsequently taken 19 h later; the excessive production of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and prostaglandin2 (PGE2) induced by yeast was regulated to normal by EA administration. Rat brain metabolomics investigation of pyrexia and the antipyretic anti-inflammatory effect of EA was performed using Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography–Mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). Twenty-six metabolites, as potential biomarkers, significantly altered metabolites that were found in pyretic rats, and eleven metabolites, as biomarkers of the antipyretic mechanism of EA, were significantly adjusted by EA to help relieve pyrexia, which was involved in glycerophospholipid metabolism and sphingolipid metabolism, etc. In conclusion, potential metabolic biomarkers in the brain shed light on the mechanism of EA’s antipyretic effects, mainly involving metabolic pathways, which may contribute to a further understanding of the therapeutic mechanisms of fever and therapeutic mechanism of EA.
Towards a Human-like Robot for Medical Simulation

Medical mannequins provide the first hands-on training for nurses and doctors and help eliminate human mistakes that would otherwise take place with a real person. The closer the mannequin is to mimicking a human being, the more effective the training; thus, additional features such as movable limbs and eyes, vision processing and realistic social interaction will provide a more fulfilling learning experience. A humanoid robot with a 23 degree of freedom (DOF) hand was developed which is capable of performing complex dexterous tasks such as typing on a keyboard. A single DOF elbow and two DOF shoulder was designed and optimized to maintain human form while being able to dynamically lift common household items. A 6 DOF neck and 13 DOF face with a highly expressive silicone skin-motor arrangement has been developed. The face is capable of talking and making several expressions and is used to train the student to pick up on emotional cues such as eye contact and body language during the interview stage. A pair of 3 DOF legs and a torso were also developed which allows the humanoid to be in either the laying down or sitting up position. An algorithm was developed that only activates necessary areas of code in order to increase its cycle time which greatly increases the vision tracking capabilities of the eyes. The simulator was tested at Carilion Clinic in Roanoke VA with several of the medical staff and their feedback is provided in this document.
URLLC-Based Cooperative Industrial IoT Networks With Nonlinear Energy Harvesting

The efficient and effective framework for next-generation (5G and beyond 5G) wireless networks should include mission-critical aspects such as ultralow latency ($\leq \! \! 1$ ms), ultrahigh reliability (99.999%), and enhanced data rate. Billions of ubiquitously connected devices are expected to serve various industrial applications in upcoming industry standards such as Industry 5.0. These industrial applications include mission-critical tasks such as smart grids, remote surgery, and intelligent transportation systems. This article considers an industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) environment in mission-critical ultrareliable low latency communication (URLLC) application where the main industrial unit or industrial control node (CN) sends messages to the target device (TD) with the aid of a cooperative device (CD). We investigate a novel transmission protocol and analyze the network’s performance. Considering the nonlinear energy harvesting (EH) mechanism at power-constrained nodes and direct and cooperative phase transmissions, the outage probability (OP) and block error rate (BLER) performances are evaluated for Rayleigh distributed fading channels. The analytical results are validated through Monte–Carlo simulations.
Algebraic models of simple type theories

We develop algebraic models of simple type theories, laying out a framework that extends universal algebra to incorporate both algebraic sorting and variable binding. Examples of simple type theories include the unityped and simply-typed λ-calculi, the computational λ-calculus, and predicate logic. Simple type theories are given models in presheaf categories, with structure specified by algebras of polynomial endofunctors that correspond to natural deduction rules. Initial models, which we construct, abstractly describe the syntax of simple type theories. Taking substitution structure into consideration, we further provide sound and complete semantics in structured cartesian multicategories. This development generalises Lambek’s correspondence between the simply-typed λ-calculus and cartesian-closed categories, to arbitrary simple type theories.