Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Un modelo cualitativo para el análisis estratégico de Organizaciones. Aplicación y propuesta de alternativas en un estudio de Caso

The strategic analysis of organizations is based on the internal and external environments, in order to identify positive and negative variables and factors. The interrelation and timing of these strategic forces are essential to create alternative solutions that tend to achieve the organizational objectives.The normative prospective has theorical and methodological foundations to create a desired future and from it, be able to identify impelling and restraining forces that have influence on the particular problematic situation (go from the current situation to a better one in a certain time). The aim of this article is to analyze on a strategic way a real case with a normative-prospective model that considers the temporal dynamics of the factors impact and variables in time allowing to suggest alternative solutions.Semi-structured interviews were performed with all the employees of this case and structured observations and workshops with the commercial and general management.In consequence, with the results, the desired, current and improved situations were built. Additionally, forces were identified classified and appreciated and lastly solutions were suggested. With the proposed prospective method, alternative solutions could be constructed in order to settle temporary organizational objectives. No constraints were found to use the current method in other cases.
Some factors affecting the irrigation requirements of deciduous orchards

Abstract does not appear. First page follows. Introduction The relation of water to plant growth is of especial interest to growers of deciduous fruits. Consideration of the relative losses of moisture from irrigated soils by evaporation or transpiration through plants and by means of surface evaporation from the soil is becoming increasingly important. This is especially true in many of the deciduous fruit areas of California, where the cost of irrigation is one of the main items of expense in orchard management. The orchardist growing fruit in an arid or semi-arid region, where irrigation is necessary, supposedly has an advantage over the grower of similar fruit in a humid area, because the supply of moisture in the soil can be controlled to a greater extent. Therefore, it is important to consider the effect of different degrees of soil moisture on the use of water by trees, and the effect of such differences on the kind of fruit produced. A portion of the California deciduous fruit orchards have been planted in localities where dependence has been placed upon rainfall only. However that irrigation is necessary in many sections of California for the best production of horticultural crops is a fact now coming into recognition.
Analysis of the different roles of teen dating violence in peer victimization and aggression

Different studies show the relationship between peer violence and teen dating violence. However, more knowledge is needed about this relationship. The aim of this study was to explore possible differences in peer violence (perpetrated and suffered) in adolescents with different role in teen dating violence (aggressor, victim, aggressor-victim, and not involved). The initial sample was composed of 1078 adolescents, but for the purposes of this study, only those students who had a partner in the last year were considered, 672 students (51.6% girls) aged 12-18 years (M= 14.45, SD= 1.62). These adolescents completed the CADRI scale, the VE-I peer victimization scale, and the violent behavior scale by Little et al. (2003). The results indicated that peer violence victimization and perpetration were closely related to dating abuse (victimization and perpetration) in adolescents. Students with frequent aggressor-victim role in partner relationships showed more peer violence behaviors. Girls victims of teen dating violence were more victimized by their classmates. These results show a strong relationship between these two problems, which seriously affect the well-being of adolescents.
BézierCE: Low-Light Image Enhancement via Zero-Reference Bézier Curve Estimation

Due to problems such as the shooting light, viewing angle, and camera equipment, low-light images with low contrast, color distortion, high noise, and unclear details can be seen regularly in real scenes. These low-light images will not only affect our observation but will also greatly affect the performance of computer vision processing algorithms. Low-light image enhancement technology can help to improve the quality of images and make them more applicable to fields such as computer vision, machine learning, and artificial intelligence. In this paper, we propose a novel method to enhance images through Bézier curve estimation. We estimate the pixel-level Bézier curve by training a deep neural network (BCE-Net) to adjust the dynamic range of a given image. Based on the good properties of the Bézier curve, in that it is smooth, continuous, and differentiable everywhere, low-light image enhancement through Bézier curve mapping is effective. The advantages of BCE-Net’s brevity and zero-reference make it generalizable to other low-light conditions. Extensive experiments show that our method outperforms existing methods both qualitatively and quantitatively.
Unsupervised Detection of Covariate Shift Due to Changes in EEG Headset Position: Towards an Effective Out-of-Lab Use of Passive Brain–Computer Interface

In the field of passive Brain–computer Interfaces (BCI), the need to develop systems that require rapid setup, suitable for use outside of laboratories is a fundamental challenge, especially now, that the market is flooded with novel EEG headsets with a good quality. However, the lack of control in operational conditions can compromise the performance of the machine learning model behind the BCI system. First, this study focuses on evaluating the performance loss of the BCI system, induced by a different positioning of the EEG headset (and of course sensors), so generating a variation in the control features used to calibrate the machine learning algorithm. This phenomenon is called covariate shift. Detecting covariate shift occurrences in advance allows for preventive measures, such as informing the user to adjust the position of the headset or applying specific corrections in new coming data. We used in this study an unsupervised Machine Learning model, the Isolation Forest, to detect covariate shift occurrence in new coming data. We tested the method on two different datasets, one in a controlled setting (9 participants), and the other in a more realistic setting (10 participants). In the controlled dataset, we simulated the movement of the EEG cap using different channel and reference configurations. For each test configuration, we selected a set of electrodes near the control electrodes. Regarding the realistic dataset, we aimed to simulate the use of the cap outside the laboratory, mimicking the removal and repositioning of the cap by a non-expert user. In both datasets, we recorded multiple test sessions for each configuration while executing a set of Workload tasks. The results obtained using the Isolation Forest model allowed the identification of covariate shift in the data, even with a 15-s recording sample. Moreover, the results showed a strong and significant negative correlation between the percentage of covariate shift detected by the method, and the accuracy of the passive BCI system (p-value < 0.01). This novel approach opens new perspectives for developing more robust and flexible BCI systems, with the potential to move these technologies towards out-of-the-lab use, without the need for supervision for use by a non-expert user.
Moderating manipulation: Demystifying extremist tactics for gaming the (regulatory) system

Due to its ease of scalability and broad applicability, the use of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning in platform management has gained prominence. This has led to widespread debates about the use of deplatforming as the default tool for repeated or severe violations of terms or service. But technologically deterministic approaches are not infallible and can be predictable based on their actions. This opens the door for manipulation of media content and technological affordances to become tactical options for actors seeking to subvert regulation. Existing discussions often neglect the topic of manipulation of content, algorithms, or platform affordances as a primary aspect of the strategies used by extremists in relation to the difficulties of moderation from a policy perspective. This study argues that it is essential to understand how extremists and conspiracy theorists use manipulation tactics to ‘game’ the current policy, regulatory and legislative systems of content moderation. Developing approaches that attend to manipulation as a strategy and focus on platform and context‐specific tactics will generate more effective policies, platform rules, AI developments and moderation procedures. This study analyses and demystifies three primary tactics, which the authors categorize as numerology, borderlands and merchandising, regularly used by extremists online in their strategies to ‘game’ content moderation. We provide case examples from a variety of ideologies including far‐right, QAnon and male supremacism to highlight the tactics rather than ideological nature of such manipulation. We conclude with a discussion of how demystification processes could be incorporated into content moderation settings. This study contributes new insights about evasion tactics to the content moderation discussion and expands current understanding of how platforms can develop sociotechnical remedial measures.
Symmetrical peripheral gangrene: potential mechanisms and therapeutic approaches in severe COVID-19

Symmetrical peripheral gangrene is a rare condition that is characterized by ischemic damage and tissue death (gangrene) in the extremities. Recent reports have shed light on SPG in patients with severe COVID-19. This condition presents with symmetrical cyanosis of the extremities and common COVID-19 symptoms and what the most frightening is within a few days, cutaneous necrosis occurred and patients died. Skin biopsy results have shown the presence of microthrombi in small vessels. The formation of SPG in COVID-19 patients results from immunothrombosis, endothelial dysfunction, and procoagulant platelets, leading to a hypercoagulation state and microvascular thrombosis. Thrombotic microangiopathy, shock, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and anticoagulant depletion promote the development of SPG in COVID-19. At the early stage, SPG patients with COVID-19 exhibit similar clinical manifestations. TMA causes early damage to microvasculature in SPG, and the shock state further exacerbates the ischemic injury due to local hypo-perfusion. The disturbed procoagulant-anticoagulant balance caused by DIC and anticoagulant depletion, combined with the pre-ischemic state brought on by TMA and shock, leads to the rapid formation of extensive microthrombi in the late stage of COVID-19 associated SPG. This review will delve into the clinical features, possible mechanisms, and potential therapeutic managements for COVID-19 associated SPG.
Agroecologia e desenvolvimento sustentável: reflexões em tempos sindêmicos.

Este trabalho tem como objetivo construir uma reflexão sobre elementos inerentes ao pensamento agroecológico, a partir de uma realidade de crise que tem uma parcela na esfera ambiental e que está imbricada nas questões de desenvolvimento e sustentabilidade. O contexto do trabalho se desenvolve a partir do ano de 2020, o qual apresentou um cenário completamente novo para a humanidade da geração atual: uma pandemia promovida pela doença Covid-19. Tal intento ganha em importância dado o cenário apresentado e a urgência de se (re)pensar sobre o planeta no qual vivemos e as sociedades nas quais estamos inseridos. Para tanto, o trabalho segue estruturado demonstrando a lógica de sindemia (sinergia entre elementos econômicos, sociais, políticos e ambientais com um cenário de pandemia) e uma revisão acerca da pertinência do conceito de sociedade de risco; na sequência apresenta as reflexões acerca da agroecologia nessa miríade e, por fim, tece suas considerações finais salientando a necessidade de uma transição para um caminho diferente com base em princípios mais capazes de mitigar ou resistir a crises futuras - sejam surtos de pragas, pandemias, distúrbios climáticos ou colapsos financeiros; dessa forma construindo um caminho de desenvolvimento e sustentabilidade.
Leveraging Gray Wolf Optimization for Enhanced Security Management in Wireless Sensor Network

In the realm of enhancing security management systems within Wireless Sensor Network (WSNs) for Big Data applications, the role of optimization algorithms is pivotal. This chapter delves into the utilization of Gray Wolf Optimization (GWO) as a fundamental tool to achieve efficient resource allocation, node placement optimization, and the enhancement of data transmission efficiency within WSNs. A detailed exploration of the mathematical foundations of GWO is provided to foster a comprehensive understanding of its application in security enhancement. In this paper Gray Wolf Optimization (GWO) is a nature-inspired metaheuristic algorithm presented that draws inspiration from the social behavior of gray wolves in the wild. In our study, GWO is employed to optimize various parameters that significantly impact the efficiency and effectiveness of WSNs.
Cheminformatics and artificial intelligence for accelerating agrochemical discovery

The global cost-benefit analysis of pesticide use during the last 30 years has been characterized by a significant increase during the period from 1990 to 2007 followed by a decline. This observation can be attributed to several factors including, but not limited to, pest resistance, lack of novelty with respect to modes of action or classes of chemistry, and regulatory action. Due to current and projected increases of the global population, it is evident that the demand for food, and consequently, the usage of pesticides to improve yields will increase. Addressing these challenges and needs while promoting new crop protection agents through an increasingly stringent regulatory landscape requires the development and integration of infrastructures for innovative, cost- and time-effective discovery and development of novel and sustainable molecules. Significant advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and cheminformatics over the last two decades have improved the decision-making power of research scientists in the discovery of bioactive molecules. AI- and cheminformatics-driven molecule discovery offers the opportunity of moving experiments from the greenhouse to a virtual environment where thousands to billions of molecules can be investigated at a rapid pace, providing unbiased hypothesis for lead generation, optimization, and effective suggestions for compound synthesis and testing. To date, this is illustrated to a far lesser extent in the publicly available agrochemical research literature compared to drug discovery. In this review, we provide an overview of the crop protection discovery pipeline and how traditional, cheminformatics, and AI technologies can help to address the needs and challenges of agrochemical discovery towards rapidly developing novel and more sustainable products.
Cationic Surfactant-Modified Tetraselmis sp. for the Removal of Organic Dyes from Aqueous Solution

The modification of the Tetraselmis sp. algae material (Tetra-Alg) with surfactant Cethyltrimethylammonium Bromide (CTAB) yielded adsorbent Tetra-Alg-CTAB as an adsorbent of methyl orange (MO) and methylene blue (MB) solutions. The characterization of the adsorbent used an infrared (IR) spectrometer to identify functional groups and Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX FEI Inspect-S50, Midland, ON, Canada) to determine the surface morphology and elemental composition. Methyl orange and methylene blue adsorption on the adsorbent Tetra-Alg, Tetraselmis sp. algae-modified Na+ ions (Tetra-Alg-Na), and Tetra-Alg-CTAB were studied, including variations in pH, contact time, concentration, and reuse of adsorbents. The adsorption of MO and MB by Tetra-Alg-CTAB at pH 10, during a contact time of 90 min, and at a concentration of 250 mg L−1 resulted in MO and MB being absorbed in the amounts of 128.369 and 51.013 mg g−1, respectively. The adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherms of MO and MB and Tetra-Alg, Tetra-Alg-Na, and Tetra-Alg-CTAB tend to follow pseudo-second-order kinetics models and Freundlich adsorption isotherms with each correlation coefficient value (R2) approaching 1. Due to the modification with the cationic surfactant CTAB, anionic dyes can be strongly sorbed in alkaline pH due to strong electrostatic attraction, while MB is more likely to involve cation exchange and hydrogen bonding. The reuse of Tetra-Alg-CTAB was carried out four times with adsorption percent > 70%, and the adsorbent was very effective in the adsorption of anionic dyes such as MO.
The production of North Atlantic Deep Water: Sources, rates, and pathways

Updating an earlier account by Dickson et al., (1990), this paper reviews the initial development phase of North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) production from the points where the dense inflows from Nordic seas cross the Greenland-Scotland Ridge to the point off south Greenland where the buildup of new production appears almost complete. In particular, three long-term current meter arrays totaling 91 instruments and set at ∼160 km intervals south from the Denmark Strait sill are used to validate earlier short-term arrays by others and, in combination with these earlier arrays, to describe the downstream evolution of mean speed, depth and entrainment, the variability of the overflow current in space and time, and the likely contribution of the other three main constituents of NADW production at densities greater than σθ = 27.8. From the points of overflow (5.6 Sv) the transport within this range increases by entrainment and confluence with other contributory streams to around 13.3 Sv at Cape Farewell. While recirculating elements prevent us from determining the net southgoing transport, a NADW transport of this order appears consistent with recent estimates of net abyssal flow passing south through the North and South Atlantic.
Reconciling context and contact with immigrants effects: an examination of the Catalan case

Contact theory and threat group theory offer contradictory hypotheses regarding the effect of contact with immigrants. Despite recent efforts to test the validity of both approaches, we still lack a definitive conclusion. This article integrates both approaches and tests the effect of contact towards immigrants and how this changes when different contexts are considered. Mainly, we investigate the effect of the economic environment and the immigrant group size on modifying attitudes toward immigration. The hypotheses, which are tested in Catalonia, show that contact with immigrants reduce negative attitudes towards immigration, especially friendship and family contact. However, mixed results are reported regarding the effect of economic environment and immigrant group size. Whereas the former modifies positively the effect of workplace contact, the latter has no effect. Findings have implications for the impact of context when dealing with the impact of contact on attitudes towards immigration.
Estimativa de Irradiância Direta Normal Utilizando Redes Neurais Artificiais

Resumo. Modelos de decomposição da irradiância global horizontal em suas componentes difusa e direta são amplamente utilizados para situações em que não se têm medições locais, tornando-se uma alternativa barata para a estimativa de geração de energia de uma usina fotovoltaica. O presente trabalho buscou desenvolver e avaliar uma metodologia de estimação de irradiância direta normal a partir de medições da componente global horizontal utilizando o método das redes neurais artificiais. Diversas configurações de rede foram analisadas, variando-se os parâmetros de entrada e a estrutura da rede. Para a validação do modelo proposto, foram escolhidos dois locais para serem analisados, calculando-se o erro médio anual e raiz do erro quadrático médio da componente estimada e comparando com os resultados de outros modelos de decomposição (ERBS, DISC e DIRINT). Os erros obtidos com a metodologia proposta foram em geral mais baixos que os modelos de comparação, indicando uma alternativa mais acurada para a estimativa da irradiância direta normal. Por fim, os dados estimados de todos os modelos foram inseridos no software PVsyst para a realização da modelagem energética. Notou-se que os modelos propostos de rede neural artificial resultaram em desvios absolutos de produção
Fishes of the Gulf of Maine

During the summer of 1912 the Bureau of Fisheries with the cooperation of the Museum of Com;arative Zoology of Harvard Un~vers~ty, cOInInenced an oceanographic and bIOlogIcal survey of the Gulf of Maine, with special reference to its fishes to its floating plants and animals (Plankton), to the physical and chemical state of its waters and to the circulation of the latter. Cruises ;ere made on the Fisheries schooner Grampu8 during the summers and autumns of 1912, 1913, 1914, 1915 and 1916, and during the winters and springs of 1913 and 1915. The work Was interrupted by the war, but was resumed with a cruise of the Fisheries steamer Albatross in the late winter and spring of 1920, and was continued by the Fisheries steamer Halcyon during the winter and spring of 1920-21, and the summers of 1921 and 1922. The first part of the general report, dealing with the fishes was published in 1925, as Bulletin ~o (Pt. 1) of the United States Bureau of FisherIes; 1 SUbsequent parts describing the plankton of the offshore waters of the Gulf and the physical Characteristics of its waters were published in 1926-27, as Part 2. The preparation of the section on the fishes was assigned originally to W. W. Welsh, who had gathered a large body of original observations on the growth, reproduction, diet, and other phases of the lives of many of the more important species. The report was far advanced when it was interrupted by his untimely death, and H. B. Bigelow ~dertook to carry it to publication along the Imes originally laid down. The new edition, entailing a general revision and the addition of In'Uch new lnaterial, has been prepared jointly by ! : B. Bigelow and by W. C. Schroeder.
Efficacy and safety of dexlansoprazole: a comprehensive review

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) remains prevalent in medical practice. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are the primary treatment, yet limitations exist. Dexlansoprazole modified release (MR), an R-enantiomer of lansoprazole, offers high efficacy. Its dual release in the duodenum and small intestine yields two peak concentrations at different times (2- and 5-hours post-administration), ensuring the longest maintenance of drug concentration and proton pump inhibitory effect among all PPIs. Dexlansoprazole MR effectively heals erosive esophagitis, maintains healed esophageal mucosa, and controls NERD symptoms. It also improves nocturnal heartburn, GERD-related sleep disturbances, and bothersome regurgitation. Importantly, it maintains good plasma concentration regardless of food intake, enabling flexible dosing. Furthermore, it does not significantly affect clopidogrel metabolism or platelet inhibition, eliminating the need for dose adjustments when co-prescribed. This review highlights dexlansoprazole's unique attributes, pharmacokinetics, advantages, and safety in comparison to traditional PPIs.