Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
LOW BACK PAIN IN PORT MACHINERY OPERATORS

Abstract The occurrence of several types of low back pain (LBP) was investigated by a standardized questionnaire in a group of 219 port machinery operators exposed to whole-body vibration (WBV) and postural load and in a control group of 85 maintenance workers employed at the same transport company. The group of port machinery operators included 85 straddle carrier drivers, 88 fork-lift truck drivers, and 46 crane operators. The vector sum of the frequency-weighted r.m.s. acceleration of vibration measured on the seatpan of port vehicles and machines averaged 0·90 m/s 2 for fork-lift trucks, 0·48 m/s 2 for straddle carriers, 0·53 m/s 2 for mobile cranes, and 0·22 m/s 2 for overhead cranes. The 12-month prevalence of low back symptoms (LBP, sciatic pain, treated LBP, sick leave due to LBP) was significantly greater in the fork-lift truck drivers than in the controls and the other two groups of port machinery operators. After adjusting for potential confounders, the prevalence of low back symptoms was found to increase with the increase of WBV exposure expressed as duration of exposure (driving years), equivalent vibration magnitude (m/s 2 ), or cumulative vibration exposure (yr m 2 /s 4 ). An excess risk for lumbar disc herniation was observed in the port machinery operators with prolonged driving experience. In both the controls and the port machinery operators, low back complaints were strongly associated with perceived postural load assessed in terms of frequency and/or duration of awkward postures at work. Multivariate analysis showed that vibration exposure and postural load were independent predictors of LBP. Even though the cross-sectional design of the present study does not permit firm conclusions on the relationship between WBV exposure and low back disorders, the findings of this investigation provide additional epidemiological evidence that seated WBV exposure combined with non-neutral trunk postures, as while driving, is associated with an increased risk of long-term adverse health effects on the lower back.
Highly Stable Pt-Based Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysts toward Practical Fuel Cells: Progress and Perspectives

The high cost and poor reliability of cathodic electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), which requires significant amounts of expensive and scarce platinum, obstructs the broad applications of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). The principles of ORR and the reasons for the poor stability of Pt-based catalysts are reviewed. Moreover, this paper discusses and categorizes the strategies for enhancing the stability of Pt-based catalysts in fuel cells. More importantly, it highlights the recent progress of Pt-based stability toward ORR, including surface-doping, intermetallic structures, 1D/2D structures, rational design of support, etc. Finally, for atomic-level in-depth information on ORR catalysts in fuel cells, potential perspectives are suggested, such as large-scale preparation, advanced interpretation techniques, and advanced simulation. This review aims to provide valuable insights into the fundamental science and technical engineering for practical Pt-based ORR electrocatalysts in fuel cells.
Buckling instability in amorphous carbon films

In this paper, we report the buckling instability in amorphous carbon films on mirror-polished sapphire (0001) wafers deposited by ion beam assisted deposition at various growth temperatures. For the films deposited at 150 °C, many interesting stress relief patterns are found, which include networks, blisters, sinusoidal patterns with π-shape, and highly ordered sinusoidal waves on a large scale. Starting at irregular buckling in the centre, the latter propagate towards the outer buckling region. The maximum length of these ordered patterns reaches 396 µm with a height of ∼500 nm and a wavelength of ∼8.2 µm. However, the length decreases dramatically to 70 µm as the deposition temperature is increased to 550 °C. The delamination of the film appears instead of sinusoidal waves with a further increase of the deposition temperature. This experimental observation is correlated with the theoretic work of Crosby (1999 Phys. Rev. E 59 R2542).
Influence of mental energy on volleyball competition performance: a field test

Athletic mental energy is a newly emerging research topic in sport science. However, whether it can predict objective performance in competition remains unexplored. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the predictability of mental energy on volleyball competition performance. We recruited 81 male volleyball players (Mage = 21.11 years ± SD = 1.81) who participated in the last 16 remaining teams in a college volleyball tournament. We assessed participants’ mental energy the night before the competition and collected their competition performance over the next 3 days. We used six indices of the Volleyball Information System (VIS) developed by the International Volleyball Federation (FIVB) to examine its associations with mental energy. All six factors of mental energy –motivation, tirelessness, calm, vigor, confidence, and concentration correlated with volleyball competition performance. Further, a hierarchical regression found mental energy predicted volleyball receivers’ performance (R2 = .23). The findings advance our knowledge of mental energy and objective performance in competition. We suggest that future studies may examine the effects of mental energy on different sports with different performance indices.
Ultralightweight Spatial–Spectral Feature Cooperation Network for Change Detection in Remote Sensing Images

Deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have achieved much success in remote sensing image change detection (CD) but still suffer from two main problems. First, the existing multiscale feature fusion methods often use redundant feature extraction and fusion strategies, which often lead to high computational costs and memory usage. Second, the regular attention mechanism in CD is difficult to model spatial–spectral features and generate 3-D attention weights at the same time, ignoring the cooperation between spatial features and spectral features. To address the above issues, an efficient ultralightweight spatial–spectral feature cooperation network (USSFC-Net) is proposed for CD in this article. The proposed USSFC-Net has two main advantages. First, a multiscale decoupled convolution (MSDConv) is designed, which is clearly different from the popular atrous spatial pyramid pooling (ASPP) module and its variants since it can flexibly capture the multiscale features of changed objects using cyclic multiscale convolution. Meanwhile, the design of MSDConv can greatly reduce the number of parameters and computational redundancy. Second, an efficient spatial–spectral feature cooperation (SSFC) strategy is introduced to obtain richer features. The SSFC differs from the existing 2-D attention mechanisms since it learns 3-D spatial–spectral attention weights without adding any parameters. The experiments on three datasets for remote sensing image CD demonstrate that the proposed USSFC-Net achieves better CD accuracy than most CNNs-based methods and requires lower computational costs and fewer parameters, even it is superior to some Transformer-based methods. The code is available at https://github.com/SUST-reynole/USSFC-Net.
Polymer Translocation and Nanopore Sequencing: A Review of Advances and Challenges

Various biological processes involve the translocation of macromolecules across nanopores; these pores are basically protein channels embedded in membranes. Understanding the mechanism of translocation is crucial to a range of technological applications, including DNA sequencing, single molecule detection, and controlled drug delivery. In this spirit, numerous efforts have been made to develop polymer translocation-based sequencing devices, these efforts include findings and insights from theoretical modeling, simulations, and experimental studies. As much as the past and ongoing studies have added to the knowledge, the practical realization of low-cost, high-throughput sequencing devices, however, has still not been realized. There are challenges, the foremost of which is controlling the speed of translocation at the single monomer level, which remain to be addressed in order to use polymer translocation-based methods for sensing applications. In this article, we review the recent studies aimed at developing control over the dynamics of polymer translocation through nanopores.
High-resolution radio observations of Markarian 3

We present high-sensitivity 5-GHz MERLIN and 15-GHz VLA observations of the Seyfert nucleus of Markarian 3, with angular resolutions of 40 and 250 mas respectively. Our 5-GHz MERLIN map reveals the best example to date of a pair of highly collimated radio jets in a Seyfert nucleus. The jet system is 2 arcsec (∼ 600 pc) in extent and less than 50 mas across, and lies along P.A. 84°. Embedded in the jets are a number of compact components, and the western side terminates in a bright lobe containing a hotspot. The component at RA (1950) 06 h 09 m 48 s 423, Dec. (1950) 71°03'10″42 is unresolved and is the closest to the peak of the optical continuum emission
Genetic optimization of stiffened plates without the FE mesh support

This paper deals with the optimization of beam stiffeners on plates by varying their positions in order to minimize the maximum deflection of the plate. Genetic algorithms are used. The research strategy consists in substituting, for finite element calculations in the optimization process, an approximate response of a neural network, or an approximate response from a Ritz method. This paper shows how it is possible to deal with more important problems and to envisage more general baseline design for stiffened plates by adding the orientation angle of each stiffener as a design variable. This paper also shows how one can free oneself from the FE mesh, i.e. how one no longer needs the support of the mesh for the stiffeners. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Correlation between mathematical skills and success in physics

A pre‐course test of algebraic and trigonometric skills has been correlated with performance in introductory physics without calculus. For 200 students in two sections it was found that mathematical abilities at the beginning of the course weakly correlate with performance in the course. A repeat of the test at the end of the course indicates that mathematical skills alone are not sufficient to guarantee success in physics, but that unless the student has the mathematical skills, the performance in the physics will be poor.
Obstructions for semigroups of partial isometries to be self-adjoint†

Abstract In this paper we study the following question: given a semigroup ${\mathcal S}$ of partial isometries acting on a complex separable Hilbert space, when does the selfadjoint semigroup ${\mathcal T}$ generated by ${\mathcal S}$ again consist of partial isometries? It has been shown by Bernik, Marcoux, Popov and Radjavi that the answer is positive if the von Neumann algebra generated by the initial and final projections corresponding to the members of ${\mathcal S}$ is abelian and has finite multiplicity. In this paper we study the remaining case of when this von Neumann algebra has infinite multiplicity and show that, in a sense, the answer in this case is generically negative.
High‐order global–regional model interaction: Extension of Carpenter's scheme

A two‐dimensional global–regional model interaction problem for linear time‐dependent waves is considered. The setup, which is sometimes called ‘one‐way nesting,’ arises in numerical weather prediction as well as in other fields concerning waves in very large domains. It involves the interaction of a coarse global model and a fine limited‐area (regional) model through an ‘open boundary. ’ The multiscale nature of this general problem is described. The Carpenter scheme, originally proposed in a note by K. M. Carpenter in 1982 for this type of problem, is then revisited, in the context of the linear scalar wave equation. The original Carpenter scheme is based on the Sommerfeld radiation operator and thus is associated with low‐order accuracy. By replacing the Sommerfeld operator with the high‐order Hagstrom–Warburton absorbing operator, a modified Carpenter open‐boundary condition emerges, which possesses high‐order accuracy. This boundary condition is incorporated in a computational scheme, which uses finite element discretization in space and Newmark time‐stepping. Error analysis and numerical tests for wave guides demonstrate the performance of the modified scheme for combinations of incoming and outgoing waves. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The disjunctivity of primitive languages

Abstract On a free monoid X*, a language L is disjunctive if the principal congruence determined by L is identity. We study disjunctive property concerning the primitive languages in this paper. The set of all primitive words is denoted by Q. For any prime number p ≥ 2, Q can be decomposed into p disjunctive primitive languages in [1] and [7]. In this paper, we determine that whether the primitive languages concerning distinct prime numbers on intersection, union, difference, or catenation operations are disjunctive.
What can the eyes tell us about atypical sexual preferences as a function of sex and age? Linking eye movements with child-related chronophilias

Abstract Visual attention plays a central role in current theories of sexual information processing and is key to informing the use of eye-tracking techniques in the study of typical sexual preferences and more recently, in the study of atypical preferences such as pedophilia (prepubescent children) and hebephilia (pubescent children). The aim of this theoretical-empirical review is to connect the concepts of a visual attention-based model of sexual arousal processing with eye movements as indicators of atypical sexual interests, to substantiate the use of eye-tracking as a useful indirect measure of sexual preferences according to sex and age of the stimuli. Implications for research are discussed in terms of recognizing the value, scope and limitations of eye-tracking in the study of pedophilia and other chronophilias in males and females, and the generation of new hypotheses using this type of indirect measure of human sexual response.
Main-beam polarization properties of four-element sequential-rotation arrays with arbitrary radiators

A description for the on-axis polarization of four-element sequential-rotation arrays with arbitrary radiators is presented, characterizing the contributions from the feed network and the antenna elements separately. This separation provides criteria for an optimization of the individual radiators including mutual coupling effects without an impact of the applied feed network on the optimization process. Moreover, severe specifications for the polarization purity of a four-element sequential-rotation array can be subdivided into separate, less severe requirements for the elements and the excitation-structure, using the description presented. Measurement methods for the determination of the identified characteristic parameters are discussed along with possible limiting factors of the theory. Experimental results are presented for a four-element array of helix antennas which shows the impact of mutual coupling on the element performance and illustrates the excellent polarization properties of the discussed array type for the entire mainbeam. The predicted figures for the cross-polarization of the array and the measurement results are in good agreement.
CXXVI. The isotropic component of cosmic radio-frequency radiation

Summary Attempts have been made to interpret the observed galactic radio-emission in terms of the integrated radiation from sources having a spatial distribution similar to that of the common optical stars. It is found, however, that such models fail to explain the large intensity observed towards the direction of the galactic poles. The origin of this additional component is discussed and the two most probable explanations seem to be (a) the incidence of an isotropic component from extra-galactic sources, and (b) the existence of a new class of object having a wide spatial distribution relative to the galactic plane. The integrated radiation from normal extra-galactic nebulae is shown to be inadequate to account for the observations. An estimate has been made of the intensity likely to be produced by sources of the type associated with the collision of two galaxies, and it is shown that such sources will increase significantly the emission per unit volume. An independent figure can be derived from data o.
Average magnitude difference function pitch extractor

This paper describes a method for using the average magnitude difference function (AMDF) and associated decision logic to estimate the pitch period of voiced speech sounds. The AMDF is a variation on autocorrelation analysis where, instead of correlating the input speech at various delays (where multiplications and summations are formed at each value of delay), a difference signal is formed between the delayed speech and the original and, at each delay, the absolute magnitude of the difference is taken. The difference signal is always zero at delay = π, and exhibits deep nulls at delays corresponding to the pitch period of voiced sounds. Some of the reasons the AMDF is attractive include the following. 1) It is a simple measurement which gives a good estimate of pitch contour, 2) it has no multiply operations, 3) its dynamic range characteristics are suitable for implementation on a 16-bit machine, and 4) the nature of its operations makes it suitable for implementation on a programmable processor or in special purpose hardware. The implementation of the AMDF pitch extractor (nonreal-time simulation and real-time) is described and experimental results presented to illustrate its basic measurement properties.
Temporal disaggregation of time series : an ARIMA-based approach

Summary Many economic time series are only available in temporally aggregated form. When the analysis requires disaggregated data, the analyst faces the problem of deriving these data in the most reasonable way. In this paper a data-based method is developed which produces an optimal estimator of the disaggregated series. The method requires a preliminary estimate of the series, which is adjusted to fulfil the restrictions imposed by the aggregated data. Empirical selection of the preliminary estimate is discussed and a statistic is developed for testing its adequacy. Some comparisons with other methods, as well as numerical illustrations, are presented.
DRAVP: A Comprehensive Database of Antiviral Peptides and Proteins

Viruses with rapid replication and easy mutation can become resistant to antiviral drug treatment. With novel viral infections emerging, such as the recent COVID-19 pandemic, novel antiviral therapies are urgently needed. Antiviral proteins, such as interferon, have been used for treating chronic hepatitis C infections for decades. Natural-origin antimicrobial peptides, such as defensins, have also been identified as possessing antiviral activities, including direct antiviral effects and the ability to induce indirect immune responses to viruses. To promote the development of antiviral drugs, we constructed a data repository of antiviral peptides and proteins (DRAVP). The database provides general information, antiviral activity, structure information, physicochemical information, and literature information for peptides and proteins. Because most of the proteins and peptides lack experimentally determined structures, AlphaFold was used to predict each antiviral peptide’s structure. A free website for users (http://dravp.cpu-bioinfor.org/, accessed on 30 August 2022) was constructed to facilitate data retrieval and sequence analysis. Additionally, all the data can be accessed from the web interface. The DRAVP database aims to be a useful resource for developing antiviral drugs.
Modeling for Single-Photon Avalanche Diodes: State-of-the-Art and Research Challenges

With the growing importance of single-photon-counting (SPC) techniques, researchers are now designing high-performance systems based on single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs). SPADs with high performances and low cost allow the popularity of SPC-based systems for medical and industrial applications. However, few efforts were put into the design optimization of SPADs due to limited calibrated models of the SPAD itself and its related circuits. This paper provides a perspective on improving SPAD-based system design by reviewing the development of SPAD models. First, important SPAD principles such as photon detection probability (PDP), dark count rate (DCR), afterpulsing probability (AP), and timing jitter (TJ) are discussed. Then a comprehensive discussion of various SPAD models focusing on each of the parameters is provided. Finally, important research challenges regarding the development of more advanced SPAD models are summarized, followed by the outlook for the future development of SPAD models and emerging SPAD modeling methods.
NIR-LEDs lighting system for enhancing Brix distinction with saving energy to agricultural products

In this paper, the sugar content prediction determination system in optical non-contact type based on the near infrared light emitting diode (NIR-LED) lamp is proposed. As the result NIR-LED lamp reduced 86% of the energy consumption compared to the case of Halogen lamp in the same process of sugar content determination. And the result of prediction of sugar content by NIR-LED lamp is shown to as near the same level of Halogen lamp system.
Stopping Feline Coronavirus Shedding Prevented Feline Infectious Peritonitis

After an incubation period of weeks to months, up to 14% of cats infected with feline coronavirus (FCoV) develop feline infectious peritonitis (FIP): a potentially lethal pyogranulomatous perivasculitis. The aim of this study was to find out if stopping FCoV faecal shedding with antivirals prevents FIP. Guardians of cats from which FCoV had been eliminated at least 6 months earlier were contacted to find out the outcome of their cats; 27 households were identified containing 147 cats. Thirteen cats were treated for FIP, 109 cats shed FCoV and 25 did not; a 4–7-day course of oral GS-441524 antiviral stopped faecal FCoV shedding. Follow-up was from 6 months to 3.5 years; 11 of 147 cats died, but none developed FIP. A previous field study of 820 FCoV-exposed cats was used as a retrospective control group; 37 of 820 cats developed FIP. The difference was statistically highly significant (p = 0.0062). Cats from eight households recovered from chronic FCoV enteropathy. Conclusions: the early treatment of FCoV-infected cats with oral antivirals prevented FIP. Nevertheless, should FCoV be re-introduced into a household, then FIP can result. Further work is required to establish the role of FCoV in the aetiology of feline inflammatory bowel disease.
NONLINEAR EFFECTS FOR FLOW IN PERIODICALLY CONSTRICTED CHANNEL CAUSED BY HIGH INJECTION RATE

We consider a stationary viscous incompressible flow through a periodically constricted channel with the period and thickness ∊, governed by a strong injection of order ∊-1. We prove the well-posedness of the homogenized problem and the convergence of the homogenization process. We obtain a nonlinear filtration law and we give the Taylor expansion of the filtration velocity as a function of the pressure gradient.