Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Taboo Words and Reprimands Elicit Greater Autonomic Reactivity in a First Than in a Second Language

Second language speakers commonly acknowledge that taboo terms can be uttered with greater ease in their second language (L2) than in their fi rst (L1). To investigate this phenomenon psychophysiologically , thirty-two Turkish-English bilinguals rated for pleasantness a variety of stimuli in Turkish (L1) and English (L2) while skin conductance was monitored via fi ngertip electrodes. Participants demonstrated greater autonomic arousal to taboo words and childhood reprimands ( “Sh me on you! ”) in their first language compared to their second language. This finding provides quantifi able support for the subjective experiences of second language speakers. Autonomic Reactivity in a First and Second Language Page 3 Taboo W ords and Reprimands Elicit Greater Autonomic Reactivity in a First Than in a Second Language Catherine L. Harris Ayse Ayçiçegi Jean Berko Gleason
Using fault history to improve mutation reduction

Mutation testing can be used to measure test suite quality in two ways: by treating the kill score as a quality metric, or by treating each surviving, non-equivalent mutant as an indicator of an inadequacy in the test suite. The first technique relies on the assumption that the mutation score is highly correlated with the suite's real fault detection rate, which is not well supported by the literature. The second technique relies only on the weaker assumption that the "interesting" mutants (i.e., the ones that indicate an inadequacy in the suite) are in the set of surviving mutants. Using the second technique also makes improving the suite straightforward. Unfortunately, mutation testing has a performance problem. At least part of the test suite must be run on every mutant, meaning mutation testing can be too slow for practical use. Previous work has addressed this by reducing the number of mutants to evaluate in various ways, including selecting a random subset of them. However, reducing the set of mutants by random reduction is suboptimal for developers using the second technique described above, since random reduction will eliminate many of the interesting mutants. We propose a new reduction method that supports the use of the second technique by reducing the set of mutants to those generated by altering files that have contained many faults in the past. We performed a pilot study that suggests that this reduction method preferentially chooses mutants that will survive mutation testing; that is, it preserves a greater number of interesting mutants than random reduction does.
Stoichiometry and specific assembly of Best ion channels

Significance Human Bestrophin (hBest) proteins represent a four-member family of calcium-activated chloride channels that regulate neuronal excitability, synaptic activity and retinal homeostasis. The number of subunits in a hBest channel and the ability to form heteromeric channels have been matters of debate. Using single molecule subunit analysis, we find that each of the hBest channels forms a homotetrameric channel. Despite considerable conservation among hBests, the members have little or no tendency to hetero-assemble. We identify the domain responsible for homo-assembly specificity. Human Bestrophin 1 (hBest1) is a calcium-activated chloride channel that regulates neuronal excitability, synaptic activity, and retinal homeostasis. Mutations in hBest1 cause the autosomal-dominant Best macular dystrophy (BMD). Because hBest1 mutations cause BMD, but a knockout does not, we wondered if hBest1 mutants exert a dominant negative effect through interaction with other calcium-activated chloride channels, such as hBest2, 3, or 4, or transmembrane member 16A (TMEM16A), a member of another channel family. The subunit architecture of Best channels is debated, and their ability to form heteromeric channel assemblies is unclear. Using single-molecule subunit analysis, we find that each of hBest1, 2, 3, and 4 forms a homotetrameric channel. Despite considerable conservation among hBests, hBest1 has little or no interaction with other hBests or mTMEM16A. We identify the domain responsible for assembly specificity. This domain also plays a role in channel function. Our results indicate that Best channels preferentially self-assemble into homotetramers.
Transaction analysis in deregulated power systems using game theory

The electric power industry is in transition to a deregulated marketplace for power transactions. In this environment, all power transactions are made based on price rather than cost. A regional power pool is noted as the most straightforward path to a deregulated electricity marketplace. However, many questions remain unanswered regarding the economics of power pool participation. In a deregulated energy marketplace, participants are interested in maximizing their own profits, regardless of the system-wide profits. It is perceived that competition will reduce the price of electricity for retail customers, however, the key issue for participants is related with the price definition to remain competitive. In this paper, the authors use game theory to simulate the decision making process for defining offered prices in a deregulated environment. The outcome of this study may be used by power pool coordinators to discourage unfair coalitions. A modified IEEE 30 bus power system is used as a deregulated power pool to illustrate the main features of the proposed method.
A meta-analysis of the effect size of rheumatoid arthritis on left ventricular mass: comment on the article by Rudominer et al.

tive pathways for suppression of autoreactive cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses. J Exp Med 2001;194:823–32. 3. Wood KJ, Sakaguchi S. Regulatory T cells in transplantation tolerance. Nat Rev Immunol 2003;3:199–210. 4. Bayry J, Triebel F, Kaveri SV, Tough DF. Human dendritic cells acquire a semimature phenotype and lymph node homing potential through interaction with CD4 CD25 regulatory T cells. J Immunol 2007;178:4184–93. 5. Houot R, Perrot I, Garcia E, Durand I, Lebecque S. Human CD4 CD25high regulatory T cells modulate myeloid but not plasmacytoid dendritic cells activation. J Immunol 2006;176:5293–8. 6. Onishi Y, Fehervari Z, Yamaguchi T, Sakaguchi S. Foxp3 natural regulatory T cells preferentially form aggregates on dendritic cells in vitro and actively inhibit their maturation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2008;105:10113–8. 7. Wing K, Onishi Y, Prieto-Martin P, Yamaguchi T, Miyara M, Fehervari Z, et al. CTLA-4 control over Foxp3 regulatory T cell function. Science 2008;322:271–5. 8. Tang Q, Boden EK, Henriksen KJ, Bour-Jordan H, Bi M, Bluestone JA. Distinct roles of CTLA-4 and TGFin CD4 CD25 regulatory T cell function. Eur J Immunol 2004;34:2996–3005. 9. Brunner-Weinzierl MC, Hoff H, Burmester GR. Multiple functions for CD28 and cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 during different phases of T cell responses: implications for arthritis and autoimmune diseases. Arthritis Res Ther 2004;6:45–54. 10. Friedline RH, Brown DS, Nguyen H, Kornfeld H, Lee J, Zhang Y, et al. CD4 regulatory T cells require CTLA-4 for the maintenance of systemic tolerance. J Exp Med 2009;206:421–34. 11. Tivol EA, Borriello F, Schweitzer AN, Lynch WP, Bluestone JA, Sharpe AH. Loss of CTLA-4 leads to massive lymphoproliferation and fatal multiorgan tissue destruction, revealing a critical negative regulatory role of CTLA-4. Immunity 1995;3:541–7. 12. Waterhouse P, Penninger JM, Timms E, Wakeham A, Shahinian A, Lee KP, et al. Lymphoproliferative disorders with early lethality in mice deficient in Ctla-4. Science 1995;270:985–8. 13. Verhagen J, Gabrysova L, Minaee S, Sabatos CA, Anderson G, Sharpe AH, et al. Enhanced selection of FoxP3 T-regulatory cells protects CTLA-4-deficient mice from CNS autoimmune disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2009;106:3306–11.
Voice and identity in the autistic space of the blogosphere

iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . v PROLOGUE . 1 CHAPTER ONE . 14 INTRODUCTION . 14 1.1. Studying Online Autistic Identity Construction . 18 CHAPTER TWO . 23 ALTERNATIVE APPROACHES TO THE STUDY OF AUTISM . 23 2.1. The Biomedical Approach . 23 2.2. The Anthropological Approach to Autism Theories and Research . 30 2.3. Disability Studies: The Social and Affirmation Models . 32 2.3.1. Social Model of Disability . 34 2.3.2. The Affirmative Model of Disabilities . 35 CHAPTER THREE . 38 EVOLUTION OF AUTISTIC IDENTITY VIA AUTISTIC CULTURE, NEURODIVERSITY MOVEMENT AND ONLINE AUTISTIC COMMUNITIES . 38 3.1. Autistic Culture . 38 3.2. Neurodiversity and the Rise of the Neurodiversity Movement . 42 3.3. Neurodiversity and Autistic Identity . 46 3.4. Internet and Autism . 49 3.5. Internet and Autistic Culture . 52 CHAPTER FOUR . 54 COMMUNICATION APPROACHES, AUTISTIC IDENTITY AND BLOGS . 54 4.1. Three Approaches to Study of Autism Communication . 55 4.1.1. Cultural Approach to Communication . 55 4.1. 2. Convergence and Participatory Cultures . 58
Deep Learning-Supported Kriging for Interpolation of High-Resolution Indoor REMs

In future communications systems, precise location information of users is a declared target. To improve the radio systems, spatial channel knowledge with the same local accuracy in form of precise Radio Environment Maps (REMs) is beneficial. Constructing REMs with channel measurements is not only costly but often not feasible for specific regions of interest. Consequently, it is necessary to construct REMs based on a limited number of observations. Kriging is typically used for interpolation in the literature. The solely distance-dependent semi-variogram inherently assumes an isotropic environment. However, radio environments, especially indoor, are not isotropic and modeling the directionality of the spatial correlation is not possible by means of a simple variogram function. That is why we propose to enhance the Kriging spatial interpolation by exchanging the semi-variogram model by a Deep Neural Network (DNN) to better describe the anisotropic channel correlations in real-world environments. Ordinary Kriging and our proposed approach are compared for different sampling resolutions and sampling methodologies, namely random and regular. Our proposed method improves the average accuracy and more importantly further increases the confidence in the provided predictions. Higher confidence in the prediction is a way to unlock the usage of such techniques for future communication networks.
Simultaneous and Selective Detection of Etoposide and Methotrexate With Single Electrochemical Sensors for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring

Etoposide (ETO) and methotrexate (MTX) are widely used chemotherapy drugs in cancer treatment, targeting specific cellular processes crucial for DNA replication and cell division. Despite their efficacy, both drugs have significant adverse toxic effects due to the narrow therapeutic window, which can result in either overexposure or insufficient exposure. Therefore, providing therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is crucial to optimize pharmacotherapy outcomes to provide optimal dosage adjustment, and minimize adverse effects with personalized medicine and therapy. Conventional cytotoxic chemotherapies involve the combination of multiple antineoplastic drugs. Therefore, when developing sensors for TDM, it is important to account for the potential interactions between different drugs when they are simultaneously present in the blood of patients. However, the electrochemical interaction between ETO and MTX has not been studied in multiplexed concentration monitoring. Therefore, our study aims to investigate their oxidation mechanism during simultaneous detection on the same sensor. We actually succeeded in demonstrating not only the simultaneous detections of the two drugs but also their mutual interference due to their oxidative cross-reactivity. To that aim, the reaction mechanisms between ETO and MTX during their interaction on our sensor are presented in detail in this letter. A deep understanding of such an interaction is clearly crucial to calibrate the sensor in order to provide accurate and reliable detection of the two anticancer compounds.
Forecast verification : a practitioner's guide in atmospheric science

List of Contributors. Preface. 1. Introduction (I. Jolliffe & D. Stephenson). 2. Basic Concepts (J. Potts). 3. Binary Events (I. Mason). 4. Categorical Events (R. Livezey). 5. Continuous Variables (M. Deque). 6. Verification of Spatial Fields (W. Drosdowsky & H. Zhang). 7. Probability and Ensemble Forecasts (Z. Toth, et al.). 8. Economic Value and Skill (D. Richardson). 9. Forecast Verification: Past, Present and Future (D. Stephenson & I. Jolliffe). Glossary. References. Author Index. Subject Index.
hate-alert@DravidianLangTech: Multimodal Abusive Language Detection and Sentiment Analysis in Dravidian Languages

The use of abusive language on social media platforms is a prevalent issue that requires effective detection. Researchers actively engage in abusive language detection and sentiment analysis on social media platforms. However, most of the studies are in English. Hence, there is a need to develop models for low-resource languages. Further, the multimodal content in social media platforms is expanding rapidly. Our research aims to address this gap by developing a multimodal abusive language detection and performing sentiment analysis for Tamil and Malayalam, two under-resourced languages, based on the shared task Multimodal Abusive Language Detection and Sentiment Analysis in Dravidian Languages: DravidianLangTech@RANLP 2023”. In our study, we conduct extensive experiments utilizing multiple deep-learning models to detect abusive language in Tamil and perform sentiment analysis in Tamil and Malayalam. For feature extraction, we use the mBERT transformer-based model for texts, the ViT model for images and MFCC for audio. In the abusive language detection task, we achieved a weighted average F1 score of 0.5786, securing the first rank in this task. For sentiment analysis, we achieved a weighted average F1 score of 0.357 for Tamil and 0.233 for Malayalam, ranking first in this task.
Interventional Electrophysiology in Patients With Congenital Heart Disease

“The treatment of congenital heart disease is unsatisfactory. As a rule, nothing can be done to improve patients symptomatically; in some instances digitalis may be of help. ” — —L. Emmett Holt, MD, 1933 On August 26, 1938, Dr Robert Gross performed the first successful surgery for a congenital heart defect by closing a patent ductus arteriosus in a 7-year-old girl. The event marked the beginning of an interventional approach to congenital heart disease (CHD) that forever banished the sort of pessimism expressed by Dr Holt in his classic pediatric textbook only 5 years earlier.1 Subsequent diagnostic and operative innovations ultimately led to surgical solutions for nearly all anatomic heart defects, allowing the vast majority of infants born with CHD in the modern era to survive into adulthood. However, improved hemodynamic longevity has exposed alternate sources of morbidity and mortality for this population, central among which are cardiac rhythm disorders. In some instances, arrhythmias are intrinsic to the CHD lesion itself, but in most cases, they arise as an unintended consequence of prior corrective surgery whenever patches and suture lines function in conjunction with hypertrophy and fibrosis to create the substrate for reentrant tachycardias. It is fortunate that improved understanding of rhythm abnormalities in CHD has coincided with the emergence of interventional electrophysiological techniques. Catheter ablation, arrhythmia surgery, pacemakers, and implantable defibrillators have now become indispensable treatment options for this group. It is the purpose of this article to review the application of these tools to CHD with an emphasis on unique technical challenges. Congenital heart defects occur in roughly 0.8% of live births, and in 30% to 50% of cases, the malformations are severe enough to warrant ≥1 surgical procedures during early childhood.2 Arrhythmia mechanisms vary according to the underlying anatomic defect and method of surgical repair. The …
Declining vulnerability to river floods and the global benefits of adaptation

Significance Understanding the vulnerability of societies around the world is crucial for understanding historical trends in flood risk and for producing accurate projections of fatalities and losses. We reproduced historical river flood occurrence using daily climate data for the period 1980–2010 and quantified the natural and socioeconomic contributions to flood risk trends. We show that the fatalities and losses as a share of the exposed population and gross domestic product are decreasing with rising income. We also show that there is a tendency of convergence in vulnerability levels between low- and high-income countries. Projections based on a wide range of climate change and socioeconomic development scenarios demonstrate that amplified adaptation efforts have the potential to largely contain losses from future floods. The global impacts of river floods are substantial and rising. Effective adaptation to the increasing risks requires an in-depth understanding of the physical and socioeconomic drivers of risk. Whereas the modeling of flood hazard and exposure has improved greatly, compelling evidence on spatiotemporal patterns in vulnerability of societies around the world is still lacking. Due to this knowledge gap, the effects of vulnerability on global flood risk are not fully understood, and future projections of fatalities and losses available today are based on simplistic assumptions or do not include vulnerability. We show for the first time (to our knowledge) that trends and fluctuations in vulnerability to river floods around the world can be estimated by dynamic high-resolution modeling of flood hazard and exposure. We find that rising per-capita income coincided with a global decline in vulnerability between 1980 and 2010, which is reflected in decreasing mortality and losses as a share of the people and gross domestic product exposed to inundation. The results also demonstrate that vulnerability levels in low- and high-income countries have been converging, due to a relatively strong trend of vulnerability reduction in developing countries. Finally, we present projections of flood losses and fatalities under 100 individual scenario and model combinations, and three possible global vulnerability scenarios. The projections emphasize that materialized flood risk largely results from human behavior and that future risk increases can be largely contained using effective disaster risk reduction strategies.
Microwave Photonics: From Components To Applications And Systems

Preface. Acknowledgements. General introduction. 1: Microwave photonics components. 1. Introduction. 2. Fast lasers sources. 2.1. Fast lasers sources F. Deborgies. 2.2. Tunable/selectable sources F. Brillouet. 2.3. Transverse mode, patterns and polarization behavior in VCSELs J.G. McInerney. 2.4. Mode locked microchip lasers for the generation of low noise millimeter wave carriers P.R. Herczfeld. 3. Semiconductors optical amplifiers J.C. Simon. 4. Fast Modulators. 4.1. Fast modulators M. Varasi. 4.2. Electroabsorption modulators and photo-oscillators for conversion of optics to millimeterwaves C. Minot. 5. High speed photodetection. 5.1. Microwave optical interaction devices D. Jager. 5.2. The GaAs MESFET as an optical detector A. Madjar, et al. 5.3. HBT phototransistors as an optic/millimetre-wave converter. Part I: The device 100 C. Gonzalez. 5.4. HBT phototransistor as an optical millimeter wave converter. Part II: Simulation C. Rumelhard, et al. 6. References. 2: Electronics for optics: integrated circuits. 1. Introduction. 2. Electronics for optics: introduction to MMICs I. Darwazeh. 3. High speed ICs for optoelectronic modules R. Lefevre. 4. High efficiency optical transmitter and receiver modules using integrated MMIC impedance matching and low noise 50.0 amplifier M. Schaller, et al. 5. References. 3: Modeling methods for optoelectronics. 1. Introduction. 2. Foundations for integrated optics modeling I. Montrosset, G. Perrone. 3. Tools for microwave-optic co-simulation D. Breuer, et al. 4. The TLM method - Application to the microwaves and optics F. Ndagijimana, et al. 5. References. 4 : Microwave - photonics systems. 1. Introduction. 2. Microwave optical links. 2.1. Analog optical links: models, measures and limits of performances C.H. Cox, III. 2.2. Optoelectronic and optical devices for applications to microwave systems P. Richin, D. Mongardien. 3. Telecommunication systems. 3.1. Microwave and millimeter-wave photonics for telecommunications D. Wake. 3.2. Fibre supported MM-wave systems P. Lane. 3.3. Optics and microwaves in telecommunications networks, today and in the future M. Joindot. 4. Wireless systems J.F. Cadiou, et al. 4.2. Broadband access networks: the opportunities of wireless G. Kalbe. 5. Antenna - Beam fonning. 5.1. Planar antenna technology for microwave-optical interactions Y. Qian, et al. 5.2. Antenna applications of RF photonics J.J. Lee. 5.3. Microwave/photonic feed networks for phased array antenna systems R.A. Sparks. 5.4. Photonics and phased array antennas J. Chazelas, D. Dolfi. 6. Phase noise degradation in nonlinear fiber optic links distribution networks for communication satellites A.S. Daryoush. 7. References. 5: All optical processing of microwave functions. 1. Introduction. 2. Photonic base microwave functions. 2.1. Microwave
International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. CI. Structures and Small Molecule Modulators of Mammalian Adenylyl Cyclases

Adenylyl cyclases (ACs) generate the second messenger cAMP from ATP. Mammalian cells express nine transmembrane AC (mAC) isoforms (AC1–9) and a soluble AC (sAC, also referred to as AC10). This review will largely focus on mACs. mACs are activated by the G-protein Gαs and regulated by multiple mechanisms. mACs are differentially expressed in tissues and regulate numerous and diverse cell functions. mACs localize in distinct membrane compartments and form signaling complexes. sAC is activated by bicarbonate with physiologic roles first described in testis. Crystal structures of the catalytic core of a hybrid mAC and sAC are available. These structures provide detailed insights into the catalytic mechanism and constitute the basis for the development of isoform-selective activators and inhibitors. Although potent competitive and noncompetitive mAC inhibitors are available, it is challenging to obtain compounds with high isoform selectivity due to the conservation of the catalytic core. Accordingly, caution must be exerted with the interpretation of intact-cell studies. The development of isoform-selective activators, the plant diterpene forskolin being the starting compound, has been equally challenging. There is no known endogenous ligand for the forskolin binding site. Recently, development of selective sAC inhibitors was reported. An emerging field is the association of AC gene polymorphisms with human diseases. For example, mutations in the AC5 gene (ADCY5) cause hyperkinetic extrapyramidal motor disorders. Overall, in contrast to the guanylyl cyclase field, our understanding of the (patho)physiology of AC isoforms and the development of clinically useful drugs targeting ACs is still in its infancy.