Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Full moon exploration

The Moon is a promising science target, made a priority in recent space sites have been preferred, but many promising scientific objectives lie elsewhere. Here we summarize the potential value of one such scientific target, northern Oceanus Procellarum, which includes basalts of a wide range of ages. Studying these would allow refinement of the Lunar stratigraphy and chronology, and a better understanding of Lunar mantle evolution. We consider, how exploration of such areas might be achieved in the context of Lunar exploration plans.
Faktor faktor yang memengaruhi cyberbullying pada remaja: A Systematic review

Cyberbullying adalah bentuk intimidasi yang dilakukan melalui teknologi informasi dan komunikasi, terutama internet dan telepon seluler. Bagi remaja, penggunaan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi merupakan bagian dari kehidupan sehari-hari, sehingga remaja berpotensi untuk terlibat dalam cyberbullying. Banyak faktor yang bisa mendukung keterlibatan remaja dalam cyberbullying. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mereview berbagai faktor yang berhubungan dengan cyberbullying pada remaja. Metode penelitian : pencarian sistematik artikel penelitian terpublikasi dilakukan di tiga database yaitu ProQuest, PubMed dan Ebsco. Ketiga database dipilih dengan pertimbangan bahwa ketiganya merupakan database yang kredibel untuk memilih artikel berbahasa Inggris yang relevan dalam rentang tahun 2014-2019, dengan mengunakan kombinasi kata kunci : ‘factors’ AND ‘cyberbullying’ AND ‘Adolescents’ OR ‘Teenagers’ OR ‘young adults’. Kemudian didapatkan 489 artkel dan dipilih lima belas artikel untuk dianalisis. Hasil penelitian : didapatkan lima faktor yang mempengaruhi cyberbullying pada remaja yaitu faktor individu diantaranya pengalaman kekerasan, persepsi, gander, usia, kontrol psikologis, dan penggunaan zat adiktif. Faktor keluarga meliputi pola asuh, dukungan keluarga, dan stress orang tua. Faktor teman berupa dukungan. Faktor sekolah yaitu jenis sekolah. Faktor terakhir yaitu penggunaan internet berupa intensitas dan kompetensi media etis. Kesimpulannya : kelima faktor tersebut dapat memengaruhi keterlibatan remaja dalam cyberbullying baik sebagai pelaku maupun korban. Penelitian lanjut diharapkan dapat melakukan analisis faktor-faktor cyberbullying pada remaja sehingga diharapkan dapat mencegah dan dapat melakukan intervensi yang tepat untuk mengatasi masalah cyberbullying.
Assessing the Aerosols, Clouds and Their Relationship Over the Northern Bay of Bengal Using a Global Climate Model

Comprehensive evaluation of aerosol‐cloud interactions (ACI) simulated by climate models using observations is crucial for advancing model development. Here, we use Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data to evaluate aerosol and cloud properties obtained from Community Atmosphere Model 5 (CAM5) over northern Bay of Bengal during winter season. We conduct simulations for default model setup as well as for prescribed, and nudged meteorology using Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS5) reanalysis dataset in order to study the impact of meteorological parameters on simulated ACI. CAM5 captures the spatial variability of cloud optical depth (τc), cloud droplet number concentration (Nc), and liquid water path (LWP), although the values are overestimated in the model. Default model strongly simulates observed negative cloud effective radius (re)‐Nc susceptibility but fails to reproduce the observed positive LWP‐Nc susceptibility possibly due to evaporative cooling of the large number of smaller droplets. Compared to default and prescribed meteorology simulations, nudging specific humidity (Q) at 6‐hr relaxation time scale leads to a positive LWP‐Nc susceptibility, and an overall improved simulation of aerosol indirect effects. Increasing the relaxation time scale beyond 6‐hr degrade the simulation of indirect effects suggesting high sensitivity of indirect effects to Q and serious deficiencies in Q simulated by the model. Improvement in simulation of aerosol and cloud characteristics are also noted when winds (UV) are nudged but it worsens some of the simulated ACI sensitivities due to increased transport of absorbing aerosols over the study region and a dominant semi‐direct effect in the model.
Experiments in Granular Flow

The earliest example of a granular flow is the sand in an hourglass. Investigations into the question of how it really works began with a paper by Hagen (1852), but since the hourglass has been replaced by other chronometers, only a few specialists know the present state of its theory. Another old example is the art of ploughing, which our ancestors knew much more about than we do. Still, their knowledge was practical rather than theoretical. Hence, when draught animals were replaced by tractors, engineers were surprised to find that the drag of a plough is almost independent of speed. Although rich soil is not exactly a granular material, in this respect it behaves like dry sand, which nobody cares to plough. Nowadays only a few experts are concerned with the flow of powders and bulk solids (cf Brown & Richards 1970), whereas confrontation with aeroand hydro­ dynamic problems is commonplace. Hence, the dynamics of granular material has failed to attract general interest to the same degree as fluid dynamics, although first papers were written by well-known hydrodynamicists such as Hagen (1852) and Reynolds (1885). The flow of a discontinuum is a challenge to theoreticians, although it gives opportunities to experimenters too. Because we know so little of the behavior of granular matter from daily experience, we are often surprised by test results. By contrast, the statics of granular material has been the topic of soil mechanics for a long time. For example, on the recommendation of Simon Stevin, the first chair for an engineering science was established in 1600 for a professor of fortification at Leiden University. A theory of earth pressure and resistance that is still the backbone of practical calculations was given by Coulomb in 1776, about 50 years before Cauchy rigorously defined stress and strain. The statics of an idealized soil that is neither moist nor cohesive is, of course, the natural starting point for a review on granular flow.
Ground-Based and Space Observations of Interacting Binaries

Abstract Multi-wavelength observational data, obtained from ground-based and space observations are used to compute the physical parameters of the observed Interacting Binaries (IBs) and study the interactions and physical processes in these systems. In addition, the database of IBs from ground-based surveys and space missions will provide light curves for many thousands of new binary systems for which extensive follow up ground-based observations can be carried out. In certain cases, light curves of superior quality will allow studies of fine effects of stellar activity and very accurate determination of stellar parameters. Moreover, many new discoveries of interesting systems are expected from ground-based all-sky surveys and space missions, including low mass binaries and star-planet binary systems. The most important current and future programs of observations of IBs from ground and space are presented.
Mucosal immunization with Ad5-based vaccines protects Syrian hamsters from challenge with omicron and delta variants of SARS-CoV-2

SARS-CoV-2 variant clades continue to circumvent antibody responses elicited by vaccination or infection. Current parenteral vaccination strategies reduce illness and hospitalization, yet do not significantly protect against infection by the more recent variants. It is thought that mucosal vaccination strategies may better protect against infection by inducing immunity at the sites of infection, blocking viral transmission more effectively, and significantly inhibiting the evolution of new variants of concern (VOCs). In this study, we evaluated the immunogenicity and efficacy of a mucosally-delivered, non-replicating, adenovirus type 5-vectored vaccine that expresses the spike (S) gene of Wuhan (rAd5-S-Wuhan), delta (rAd5-S-delta), or omicron (rAd5-S-omicron) SARS-CoV-2 VOCs. Hamsters were immunized with these vaccines intranasally prior to challenge with omicron or delta variants. Additionally, one group was vaccinated by oral gavage with rAd5-S-Wuhan prior to challenge with the delta variant. Both intranasal and oral administration of rAd5-S-Wuhan generated cross-reactive serum IgG and mucosal IgA to all variant spike and RBD proteins tested. rAd5-S-omicron and rAd5-S-delta additionally elicited cross-reactive antibodies, though rAd5-S-omicron had significantly lower binding antibody levels except against its matched antigens. Two weeks after the final vaccination, hamsters were challenged with a SARS-CoV-2 variant; omicron or delta. Whether matched to the challenge or with rAd5-S-Wuhan, all vaccines protected hamsters from weight loss and lung pathology caused by challenge and significantly reduced viral shedding compared to placebo. Vaccination with rAd5-S-Wuhan provided significant protection, although there was an improved reduction in shedding and disease pathology in groups protected by the matched VOC vaccines. Nevertheless, Wuhan-based vaccination elicited the most cross-reactive antibody responses generally. Overall, heterologous vaccination via mucosal routes may be advantageous for second-generation vaccines.
High-accuracy interpolator design with reduced first-order derivative constraints

In this article, we propose a new frequency-domain weighted-least-squares method for designing high-accuracy interpolator (interpolation kernel) that reduces the number of the first-order derivative continuity constraints. By reducing the number of the first-order derivative constraints, we can increase the degree of freedom in the design, and thus have more flexibility to get more accurate design results. The interpolator consists of 6 piecewise polynomials of the third degree (cubic), and it is performed in the frequency-domain through minimising the weighted integrated-squared-error of the spectrum (frequency response). The weighting function is adjusted so as to ignore some insignificant frequency bands and put more emphasis on the important frequency bands. By imposing the continuity constraints on the interpolator itself as well as the reduced first-order derivative constraints at the contacting points, we get three free parameters of the interpolator. These three parameters are then optimised in such a way that the weighted integrated-squared-error of the frequency response is minimised. We will utilise a narrow-band example to demonstrate the performance improvement over other existing interpolators.
Text Input for Non-Stationary XR Workspaces: Investigating Tap and Word-Gesture Keyboards in Virtual and Augmented Reality

This article compares two state-of-the-art text input techniques between non-stationary virtual reality (VR) and video see-through augmented reality (VST AR) use-cases as XR display condition. The developed contact-based mid-air virtual tap and word-gesture (swipe) keyboard provide established support functions for text correction, word suggestions, capitalization, and punctuation. A user evaluation with 64 participants revealed that XR displays and input techniques strongly affect text entry performance, while subjective measures are only influenced by the input techniques. We found significantly higher usability and user experience ratings for tap keyboards compared to swipe keyboards in both VR and VST AR. Task load was also lower for tap keyboards. In terms of performance, both input techniques were significantly faster in VR than in VST AR. Further, the tap keyboard was significantly faster than the swipe keyboard in VR. Participants showed a significant learning effect with only ten sentences typed per condition. Our results are consistent with previous work in VR and optical see-through (OST) AR, but additionally provide novel insights into usability and performance of the selected text input techniques for VST AR. The significant differences in subjective and objective measures emphasize the importance of specific evaluations for each possible combination of input techniques and XR displays to provide reusable, reliable, and high-quality text input solutions. With our work, we form a foundation for future research and XR workspaces. Our reference implementation is publicly available to encourage replicability and reuse in future XR workspaces.
Radiating and scattering analyses of a slot-coupled patch antenna loaded with a MESFET oscillator

In this paper, radiating and scattering analyses of a slot-coupled patch antenna loaded with a MESFET oscillator at free-running and injection-locked states are presented. This arrangement is a basic module of an injection-locked active array. With a small injection signal applied directly to the oscillator in a transmission-type mode or indirectly through a patch antenna to the oscillator in a reflection-type mode, the oscillator loaded antenna then becomes an injection-locked active antenna (ILAA) within the locking range. Simulation results yield the oscillating frequency and radiating power at the free-running state and the locking range and radiating power at the injection-locked state. Both radiating and scattering analyses are performed in a unified approach for the transmission-type and reflection-type operation modes of ILAA. Experiments show the validity of the developed theoretical analyses. These results can be applied in the ILAA array design. >
Media Use, Environmental Mediators, and Pro-environmental Behaviors across and within Countries

ABSTRACT This study develops a model of direct association of exposure to environmental media content, and indirect association through environmental attitude and environmental efficacy, with pro-environmental behaviors. It also considers secondary media roles of exposure to general news media and involvement in mediated civic activism. The model and hypotheses are tested through Hayes Process mediation models, using secondary, cross-sectional survey data from 11,000 respondents across 11 countries. The model is well-supported overall and within countries, and the secondary media variables have generally consistent effects within countries. Socio-demographic covariates have varying relationships with environmental attitude, environmental efficacy, and pro-environmental behaviors, overall, and within countries. In line with social cognitive theory, these results suggest that media use related to environmental issues does not have to raise individuals’ pro-environmental attitude or efficacy (though it does) to increase engagement in pro-environmental behavior.
Edge-Enabled Heart Rate Estimation from Multisensor PPG Signals

Heart rate (HR) estimation from multisensor PPG signals suffers from the dilemma of inconsistent computation results, due to the prevalence of bio-artifacts (BAs). Furthermore, advancements in edge computing have shown promising results from capturing and processing diversified types of sensing signals using the devices of Internet of Medical Things (IoMT). In this paper, an edge-enabled method is proposed to estimate HRs accurately and with low latency from multisensor PPG signals captured by bilateral IoMT devices. First, we design a real-world edge network with several resource-constrained devices, divided into collection edge nodes and computing edge nodes. Second, a self-iteration RR interval calculation method, at the collection edge nodes, is proposed leveraging the inherent frequency spectrum feature of PPG signals and preliminarily eliminating the influence of BAs on HR estimation. Meanwhile, this part also reduces the volume of sent data from IoMT devices to compute edge nodes. Afterward, at the computing edge nodes, a heart rate pool with an unsupervised abnormal detection method is proposed to estimate the average HR. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms traditional approaches which rely on a single PPG signal, attaining better results in terms of the consistency and accuracy for HR estimation. Furthermore, at the designed edge network, our proposed method processes a 30 s PPG signal to obtain an HR, consuming only 4.24 s of computation time. Hence, the proposed method is of significant value for the low-latency applications in the field of IoMT healthcare and fitness management.
ON A THEOREM OF HUREWICZ AND $ K$-THEORY OF COMPLETE DISCRETE VALUATION RINGS

It is proved that for a complete discrete valuation ring of zero characteristic with residue field of positive characteristic and maximal ideal , the natural homomorphism of -groups with coefficients is an isomorphism for all positive and . For the ring of integers in a local field , the groups are finite. Bibliography: 13 titles.
Perceptually-guided Dual-mode Virtual Reality System For Motion-adaptive Display

An ideal Virtual reality (VR) device should simultaneously provide retina-level resolution, wide field-of-view (FOV), and high refresh rate display, thereby bringing users into a deeply immersive virtual world. However, directly providing such high-quality display poses great challenges for display panel fabrication, real-time rendering, and data transfer. To address this issue, we introduce a dual-mode virtual reality system based on the spatio-temporal perception characteristics of human vision. The proposed VR system has a novel optical architecture. It can switch display modes according to the user's perceptual requirements for different display scenes to adaptively adjust the display spatial and temporal resolution based on a given display budget, thus providing users with the optimal visual perception quality. In this work, a complete design pipeline for the dual-mode VR optical system is proposed, and a bench-top prototype is built with only off-the-shelf hardware and components to verify its capability. Compared to the conventional VR system, our proposed scheme is more efficient and flexible in utilizing the display budget, and this work is expected to facilitate the development of the VR device based on the human visual system.
BTBT Based LIF Junctionless FET Neuron With Plausible Mimicking Efficiency

Amid the quest for nanoscale devices to mimic the biological neuronal dynamics, this article demonstrates a SOI Junctionless Field Effect Transistor (JLFET) based leaky integrate and fire (LIF) neuron in sub-20 nm technology. The band-to-band-tunneling (BTBT) mechanism is considered to imitate the leaky-integration behavior. As JLFET has strongly doped channel that supports fully depletion in the OFF state with considerable band overlapping of channel and drain regions that is subsequently allowing the BTBT in lateral direction. Moreover, the proposed device based LIF neuron requires neither metallurgical junction nor back gate bias to induce the floating body to confine the excess carrier. And, it requires only 0.4 V of supply voltage, which is much lower compared to its equivalent bulk FinFET and PD-SOI MOSFET based LIF neurons and it shows a GHz range of spiking frequency i.e., $\sim$8 orders greater than biological neuron. Hence, it presumes that the proposed SOI JLFET based LIF neuron is more suitable for large scale hardware implementation of spiking neural network (SNN) due to its energy and area efficiency comparable with biological neuron along with CMOS compatibility.
Contribution towards a Reynolds-stress closure for low-Reynolds-number turbulence

The problem of closing the Reynolds-stress and dissipation-rate equations at low Reynolds numbers is considered, specific forms being suggested for the direct effects of viscosity on the various transport processes. By noting that the correlation coefficient $\overline{uv^2}/\overline{u^2}\overline{v^2} $ is nearly constant over a considerable portion of the low-Reynolds-number region adjacent to a wall the closure is simplified to one requiring the solution of approximated transport equations for only the turbulent shear stress, the turbulent kinetic energy and the energy dissipation rate. Numerical solutions are presented for turbulent channel flow and sink flows at low Reynolds number as well as a case of a severely accelerated boundary layer in which the turbulent shear stress becomes negligible compared with the viscous stresses. Agreement with experiment is generally encouraging.
Stellar dynamics in the nuclei of M31 and M32 - evidence for massive black holes

New kinematic data based on the calcium IR triplet lines are presented that define rotation and velocity disersion profiles for the nuclei of M31 and M32 with high accuracy. New dynamical models are used to determine the mass distribution of the centers of these galaxies with much greater reliability than in the past. The results demonstrate that the nuclei rotate very rapidly and have very large mass-to-light ratios, recalling model A of Ostriker and Tremaine (1982) in the case of M31. The results strongly suggest the presence of massive black holes in the nuclei of both galaxies. 18 references.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Lymphadenopathy Presenting as Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease in an Adolescent

Systemic lupus erythematosus is a multisystem autoimmune disorder with a highly heterogeneous clinical presentation. The clinical phenotype varies from mild cutaneous and musculoskeletal manifestations to neurological involvement. Lymphadenopathy is a frequent manifestation of SLE, but the association is often not recognized, as lymphadenopathy is not a criterion for diagnosis. An unusual and seldom reported mimicker of lupus lymphadenitis is Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease. This is a rare self-limiting disease of young adult females that presents with lymphadenopathy, fever, and systemic symptoms. Lupus lymphadenitis and KFD share some common clinical and pathologic features; but distinguishing between those two diseases can be challenging. We describe a 16-year-old Hispanic female who presented with axillary lymphadenopathy and was initially diagnosed with KFD based on an excisional lymph node biopsy; but later met the criteria for the 2019 European League Against Rheumatism/American College of Rheumatology classification criteria SLE. This case highlights the need for clinicians to be aware that patients with SLE may present with lymphadenopathy and to consider the association between Kikuchi disease and SLE to prevent misdiagnosis and allow for timely treatment to avoid complications.
Calibration of pulsed electroacoustic method considering electrode–dielectric interface status and porosity

Pulsed electroacoustic (PEA) method is widely used, but measurement conditions not always agree with the underlying PEA assumptions. This necessitates space charge recovery; however, existing research only addresses the attenuation and dispersion in lossy media. The effects of electrode–dielectric interface contact status and porosity on the accuracy of space charge distribution are discussed in the present article. It is shown that the presence of nonlinear interface and porosity can introduce severe error. However, because the properties of acoustic propagation of waves (which are generated from charge on the electrode and in the bulk) are different, the conventional recovery algorithm is no longer suitable for calibrating the charge density. To obtain accurate space charge profiles, it is necessary to eliminate these effects. A method has been proposed which is based on the original measurement process. The validity of the proposed method was tested by reasonable post-recovery electric field distributions.