Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Rainfall-Runoff Simulation using MIKE11/NAM and ANFIS Models (A Case Study: Qleh Shahrokh Basin in Iran)

Rainfall-Runoff modeling is considered as one of the major hydrologic processes and is essential for water resources management. In this study rainfall has been predicted using Adaptive Neural Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) and the best input combination has been identified using Gamma Test (GT) for the rainfall prediction. Then, runoff was simulated by a conceptual hydrological MIKE11/NAM model and the results were compared together. The study area is Qaleh Shahrokh basin located in Iran. The ability of ANFIS and MIKE11/NAM models were evaluated based on Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), correlation coefficient (R 2 ) and Efficiency Index (EI).
A volumetric approach to interactive shape editing

We present a novel approach to real-time shape editing that produces physically plausible deformations using an efficient and easy-to-implement volumetric approach. Our algorithm alternates between a linear tetrahedral Laplacian deformation step and a differential update in which rotational transformations are approximated. By means of this iterative process we can achieve non-linear deformation results while having to solve only linear equation systems. The differential update step relies on estimating the rotational component of the deformation relative to the rest pose. This makes the method very stable as the shape can be reverted to its rest pose even after extreme deformations. Only a few point handles or area handles imposing an orientation are needed to achieve high quality deformations, which makes the approach intuitive to use. We show that our technique is well suited for interactive shape manipulation and also provides an elegant way to animate models with captured motion data.
Current status of transcatheter intervention for complex right ventricular outflow tract abnormalities

Various transcatheter interventions for the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) have been introduced and developed in recent decades. Transcatheter pulmonary valve perforation was first introduced in the 1990s. Radiofrequency wire perforation has been the approach of choice for membranous pulmonary atresia in newborns, with high success rates, although complication rates remain relatively common. Stenting of the RVOT is a novel palliative treatment that may improve hemodynamics in neonatal patients with reduced pulmonary blood flow and RVOT obstruction. Whether this option is superior to other surgical palliative strategies or early primary repair of tetralogy of Fallot remains unclear. Transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement has been one of the biggest innovations in the last two decades. With the success of the Melody and SAPIEN valves, this technique has evolved into the gold standard therapy for RVOT abnormalities with excellent procedural safety and efficacy. Challenges remain in managing the wide heterogeneity of postoperative lesions seen in RVOT, and various technical modifications, such as pre-stenting, valve ring modification, or development of self-expanding systems, have been made. Recent large studies have revealed outcomes comparable to those of surgery, with less morbidity. Further experience and multicenter studies and registries to compare the outcomes of various strategies are necessary, with the ultimate goal of a single-step, minimally invasive approach offering the best longer-term anatomical and physiological results.
VARIOGRAM-DERIVED MEASURES OF TEXTURAL IMAGE

Traditional elements of image interpretation include characteristics of first order (tone/color) , second order (spatial arrangement: size, shape and pattern) and third order (height, shadow). In digital remote sensing third order image characteristics are considered a nuisance, while potentially useful spatial information has been usually ignored, due to lack of methodology and computational limitations. However few researchers have undertaken integration of spatial and spectral information for image classification: variogram-derived texture has been recently proved to increase the accuracy. The objective of this study was to assess the potential of variogram-derived texture measures applied to classification of high ground resolution imagery. The study was conducted using ADAR images acquired over the Santa Monica Mountains, dominated by chaparral vegetation. Textural parameters were derived from a moving geographic window (of a size determined by the range), as opposed to the commonly applied geometric window of a fixed size. Binary decision tree was used to assess the potential of texture derived from variograms, cross variograms and pseudo-cross variograms, to discriminate between land cover classes. Finally, images were classified using the most significant texture measures and the accuracy was compared with the accuracy of standard per-pixel classification. Overall classification accuracy increased by as much as 15%. Accuracy of homogeneous classes did not change, while significant increase was reported for highly textured classes. Further methods of improving accuracy using variogram-derived texture were discussed.
Challenges and Approaches of Culturing the Unculturable Archaea

Simple Summary Living organisms are divided into three main domains: Domain bacteria and domain archaea have prokaryotic unicellular microbes, while domain eukarya have complex eukaryotic organisms. The two domains, eukarya and bacteria, are more extensively studied for the taxonomy, diversity, ecology, physiology, and clinical and biotechnological aspects compared to the archaea. The laboratory cultivation of archaea is more challenging than bacteria and eukaryotic microbes, making archaea less explored than bacteria and eukarya. The obstacles in the isolation of unculturable archaeal species arise from various known and unknown factors, demanding precise physicochemical and environmental conditions for their growth in the laboratory. Contrary to the earlier belief that archaea thrive only in extreme environments, recent reports suggest their ubiquitous presence, similar to bacteria but difficult to isolate. This review demonstrates the importance of archaeal culturing, challenges in cultivation, current approaches, and proposes future recommendations for successful isolation and investigations of the archaea. Abstract Since Carl Woese’s discovery of archaea as a third domain of life, numerous archaeal species have been discovered, yet archaeal diversity is poorly characterized. Culturing archaea is complicated, but several queries about archaeal cell biology, evolution, physiology, and diversity need to be solved by culturing and culture-dependent techniques. Increasing interest in demand for innovative culturing methods has led to various technological and methodological advances. The current review explains frequent hurdles hindering uncultured archaea isolation and discusses features for more archaeal cultivation. This review also discusses successful strategies and available media for archaeal culturing, which might be helpful for future culturing practices.
Etude systématique et biogéographique de Calopteryx splendens (Harris, 1782) en Provence (Odonata, Zygoptera)

Resume. - Calopteryx splendens splendens et Calopteryx splendens xanthostoma peuplent la Provence. La distribution de ces deux taxa previent toute hybridation. Calopteryx splendens caprai est exclu du sud-est de la France. Une femelle homeochrome, decouverte au sein d'une population isolee presentant un habitus original et rattachee a la sous-espece Calopteryx splendens splendens , est rapportee a la variete femelle Calopteryx faivrei Lacroix, 1915.
Parameter estimation of photovoltaic module relied on golden jackal optimization

: Due to the nonlinear current-voltage (I-V) relationship of the photovoltaic (PV) module,buildingaprecisemathematicalmodelofthePVmoduleisnecessaryforevaluating and optimizing the PV systems. This paper proposes a method of building PV parameter estimation models based on golden jackal optimization (GJO). GJO is a recently developed algorithm inspired by the idea of the hunting behavior of golden jackals. The explored and exploited searching strategies of GJO are built based on searching for prey as well as harassing and grabbing prey of golden jackals. The performance of GJO is considered on the commercial KC200GT module under various levels of irradiance and temperature. Its performance is compared to well-known particle swarm optimization (PSO), recent Henry gas solubility optimization (HGSO) and some previous methods. The obtained results show that GJO can estimate unknown PV parameters with high precision. Furthermore, GJO can also provide better eﬃciency than PSO and HGSO in terms of statistical results over several runs. Thus, GJO can be a reliable algorithm for the PV parameter estimation problem under diﬀerent environmental conditions.
Modélisation de l'impact du changement climatique sur trois aires de distribution végétales dans le Mercantour

Le dernier rapport du GIEC fait etat de nombreuses consequences possibles sur la biodiversite terrestre induites par l’elevation des temperatures. Les modifications des aires de distribution des especes vegetales sont le resultat de processus complexes : la reproduction et la mortalite. L’objectif de cette etude est de presenter les apports de la demarche modelisatrice dans la determination des aires de distribution futures des especes vegetales au sein du massif du Mercantour-Argentera. Les especes etudiees sont : Dryas octopetala, Pinus cembra et Pinus uncinata. La methode elaboree permet, a partir de releves d’especes issues de la base de donnees SILENE et de descripteurs ecologiques (climatiques, geologiques, topographiques), de spatialiser l’aire de distribution d’une espece afin de debuter l’etude des changements et l’integrer dans un modele dynamique, comme foyer emetteur de graines. En effet, elle cherche a formaliser les modifications de la distribution vegetale a travers la simulation de la production, la dissemination et la germination des graines, et de la mortalite.
Data‐driven time–frequency analysis of seismic data using non‐stationary Prony method

Empirical mode decomposition aims to decompose the input signal into a small number of components named intrinsic mode functions with slowly varying amplitudes and frequencies. In spite of its simplicity and usefulness, however, empirical mode decomposition lacks solid mathematical foundation. In this paper, we describe a method to extract the intrinsic mode functions of the input signal using non‐stationary Prony method. The proposed method captures the philosophy of the empirical mode decomposition but uses a different method to compute the intrinsic mode functions. Having the intrinsic mode functions obtained, we then compute the spectrum of the input signal using Hilbert transform. Synthetic and field data validate that the proposed method can correctly compute the spectrum of the input signal and could be used in seismic data analysis to facilitate interpretation.
Phenotypic and molecular characterisations of Lactic Acid Bacteria isolated from Malaysian fruits.

Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) are gram-positive, catalase-negative and non-spore forming bacteria known to have many advantages such as starter culture in food fermentation, as antimicrobial agent and plant growth promoter. Limited information on various LAB present in Malaysian fruits hampers further study to explore their potential as autochthonous inoculants in food fermentation, plant disease control and growth promotion. Therefore, the objectives of this study are firstly to isolate and identify LAB from honeydew, ciku, mango and mata kucing by investigating their morphological and biochemical characteristics, secondly to determine the identity of the isolates using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and finally to examine phylogenetic relationship of the LAB present in the fruits. The isolates were subjected to Gram staining, acidity and catalase tests, followed by molecular identification and phylogenetic analysis of the bacteria. Out of 33 isolates, eight isolates were gram- positive, catalase-negative and acid producers, suggesting that they are potentially LAB. 16S rRNA sequencing and NCBI Blast analysis identified the presence of Lactococcus sp. , Leuconostoc sp. , Weissella sp. and Aerococcus sp. in the fruit samples with sequence identity 94-97%. Phylogenetic tree was constructed based on the 16S rRNA sequences using Neighbor-Joining method. This study has assisted in collecting more information about the diversity of LAB in Malaysian fruits, which can be further explored in future for their application as bioinoculant in food fermentation or as biocontrol agent and plant growth promoter in agricultural field.
Higher Sensitivity of Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra Over Tuberculosis Culture for the Diagnosis of Spinal Tuberculosis With Open or Computed Tomography–Guided Biopsies

Abstract Background Diagnostic specimens for spinal tuberculosis (STB) are mostly collected via open surgery. Percutaneous computed tomography (CT)–guided biopsies are used in times of limited surgical availability. However, poor diagnostic accuracy of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) culture has been reported with this method, due to limited sample volume and the paucibacillary nature of STB. We evaluated Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra on open and CT-guided biopsies as compared with the gold standard Mtb culture and histopathology. Methods We conducted a prospective diagnostic accuracy study of Xpert Ultra, as compared with tuberculosis culture and histopathology, in adults with signs and symptoms of STB at a tertiary academic hospital in South Africa from November 2020 to December 2021. Diagnostic testing was performed on 31 patients with available samples. Results Xpert Ultra had a sensitivity of 94.7% (95% CI, 75.3%–99.7%) and specificity of 100% (95% CI, 75.7%–100.0%) against a reference standard of Mtb culture and histopathology. Xpert Ultra had high diagnostic accuracy in open and CT-guided biopsy samples with sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 100% (open) and 89% and 100% (CT), respectively. Mtb culture had limited specificity for CT-guided biopsies (43%; 95% CI, 15.8%–74.9%). HIV-1 coinfection did not affect Mtb abundance measures by Xpert Ultra or culture. Xpert Ultra was also superior to culture for STB diagnosis in patients concurrently treated for pulmonary tuberculosis. Conclusions Xpert Ultra detected more STB cases than culture for CT-guided biopsy samples. There was also no difference in sensitivity for open biopsies, irrespective of HIV-1 status, making it an important tool for rapid diagnosis, especially during times or in locations where open surgery is not possible or concurrent pulmonary tuberculosis treatment is initiated.
Why Spiritual Leadership is Such an Important Component of the Company: Scoping Overview

Spiritual leadership in an organization is a topic that is receiving increasing attention. Spiritual leadership proliferated and gained popularity in the 1990s. Several authors have emphasized the importance of spiritual leadership. This article examines empirical studies highlighting the importance of spiritual leadership from the perspective of companies and their employees. This study uses the scoping review method of data obtained from manuscripts published between 2009 and 2022, found 24 publications. This review summarises 14 years of spiritual leadership research while also considering the context, nature, and contemporary spiritual leadership literature. This study tries to collect data that shows the significant influence of spiritual leadership on groups and their constituents. The research results show that spiritual leadership generally has a beneficial and sizeable impact on the organisation's and its members' growth. This study highlights the critical role of spiritual leadership in organizations, including the organization and its constituents.
The level of climate risk reporting performance and firm characteristics: Evidence from the Saudi Stock Exchange

In recent decades, stakeholders have begun to place a greater emphasis on sustainability-related issues, including climate change. Furthermore, the implementation of climate change initiatives has prompted companies to disclose information regarding their evaluation and handling of climate-related risks and potential benefits. However, there is a lack of existing literature that investigates this issue in less developed markets, particularly in Saudi Arabia, where the capital market is rapidly developing. The objective of this study is to assess the degree of performance in reporting climate risk and investigate potential correlations between climate risk reporting performance and firm characteristics among non-financial firms in Saudi Arabia during the period from 2018 to 2021. To achieve the objectives of the study, a total of 515 firm-year observations were utilized, representing 140 non-financial firms in the context of Saudi Arabia. The study’s findings illustrate that the climate risk reporting performance level has steadily improved in Saudi companies over the years. In addition, the findings reveal that firm size and industry exhibit a positive correlation with climate risk reporting performance. Conversely, firm leverage and profitability do not demonstrate such associations. The results are in line with alternative measures of climate risk reporting performance, as well as when climate risk reporting performance is broken down into the four core elements. Policymakers and market regulators could use these results to promote awareness of the factors that influence climate risk reporting performance and to enhance sustainable practices.
Variational Gaussian Processes with Decoupled Conditionals

Variational Gaussian processes (GPs) approximate exact GP inference by using a small set of inducing points to form a sparse approximation of the true posterior, with the fidelity of the model increasing with additional inducing points. Although the approximation error in principle can be reduced by using more inducing points, this leads to scaling optimization challenges and computational complexity. To achieve scalability, inducing point methods typically introduce conditional indepen-dencies and then approximations to the training and test conditional distributions. In this paper, we consider an alternative approach to modifying the training and test conditionals, in which we make them more flexible. In particular, we investigate decoupling the parametric form of the predictive mean and covariance in the conditionals, and learn independent parameters for predictive mean and covariance. We derive new evidence lower bounds (ELBO) under these more flexible conditionals, and provide two concrete examples of applying the decoupled conditionals. Empirically, we find this additional flexibility leads to improved model performance on a variety of regression tasks and Bayesian optimization (BO) applications.
The Impact of the Exit Threat of Non-controlling Major Shareholders on Surplus Transparency—Empirical Evidence from Chinese Listed Companies

: As the most direct indicator of the performance of the company's operating results in a certain period of time, surplus transparency can solve the problem of information asymmetry, help to improve enterprise performance and promote enterprise technological innovation. Exit threat as a concept in social psychology has begun to be introduced into the field of corporate governance in recent years. As an effective way of equity governance, the exit threat of non-controlling large shareholders plays an increasingly significant role in corporate governance. We demonstrate that the exit of non-controlling major shareholders can enhance the transparency of earnings by examining a sample of 20,415 observation values of Chinese A-share listed enterprises from 2001 to 2020, and propose certain targeted suggestions which have a significant effect on the betterment of information disclosure systems and corporate governance.
Advancing understanding of Ficus carica: a comprehensive genomic analysis reveals evolutionary patterns and metabolic pathway insights

Ficus carica L. (dioecious), the most significant commercial species in the genus Ficus, which has been cultivated for more than 11,000 years and was one of the first species to be domesticated. Herein, we reported the most comprehensive F. carica genome currently. The contig N50 of the Orphan fig was 9.78 Mb, and genome size was 366.34 Mb with 13 chromosomes. Based on the high-quality genome, we discovered that F. carica diverged from Ficus microcarpa ~34 MYA, and a WGD event took place about 2─3 MYA. Throughout the evolutionary history of F. carica, chromosomes 2, 8, and 10 had experienced chromosome recombination, while chromosome 3 saw a fusion and fission. It is worth proposing that the chromosome 9 experienced both inversion and translocation, which facilitated the emergence of the F. carica as a new species. And the selections of F. carica for the genes of recombination chromosomal fragment are compatible with their goal of domestication. In addition, we found that the F. carica has the FhAG2 gene, but there are structural deletions and positional jumps. This gene is thought to replace the one needed for female common type F. carica to be pollinated. Subsequently, we conducted genomic, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analysis to demonstrate significant differences in the expression of CHS among different varieties of F. carica. The CHS playing an important role in the anthocyanin metabolism pathway of F. carica. Moreover, the CHS gene of F. carica has a different evolutionary trend compared to other Ficus species. These high-quality genome assembly, transcriptomic, and metabolomic resources further enrich F. carica genomics and provide insights for studying the chromosomes evolution, sexual system, and color characteristics of Ficus.
Anti-Aggregative and Protective Effects of Vicenin-2 on Heat and Oxidative Stress-Induced Damage on Protein Structures

Vicenin-2, a flavonoid categorized as a flavones subclass, exhibits a distinctive and uncommon C-glycosidic linkage. Emerging evidence challenges the notion that deglycosylation is not a prerequisite for the absorption of C-glycosyl flavonoid in the small intestine. Capitalizing on this experimental insight and considering its biological attributes, we conducted different assays to test the anti-aggregative and antioxidant capabilities of vicenin-2 on human serum albumin under stressful conditions. Within the concentration range of 0.1–25.0 μM, vicenin-2 effectively thwarted the heat-induced HSA fibrillation and aggregation of HSA. Furthermore, in this study, we have observed that vicenin-2 demonstrated protective effects against superoxide anion and hydroxyl radicals, but it did not provide defense against active chlorine. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, behind this biological activity, various spectroscopy techniques were employed. UV-visible spectroscopy revealed an interaction between HSA and vicenin-2. This interaction involves the cinnamoyl system found in vicenin-2, with a peak of absorbance observed at around 338 nm. Further evidence of the interaction comes from circular dichroism spectrum, which shows that the formation of bimolecular complex causes a reduction in α-helix structures. Fluorescence and displacement investigations indicated modifications near Trp214, identifying Sudlow’s site I, similarly to the primary binding site. Molecular modeling revealed that vicenin-2, in nonplanar conformation, generated hydrophobic interactions, Pi-pi stacking, and hydrogen bonds inside Sudlow’s site I. These findings expand our understanding of how flavonoids bind to HSA, demonstrating the potential of the complex to counteract fibrillation and oxidative stress.