Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SOHO'S RECOVERY: AN UNPRECEDENTED SUCCESS STORY

Introduction On 25 June 1998 (07:12 UT), the following e-mail was issued by the Operations Team at NASA/GSFC: “After the planned momentum management, while still in thruster mode, the Attitude and Orbital Control Subsystem (AOCS) switched into ESR (Emergency Sun Re-acquisition mode) on 24 June at 23:16, due to a procedure problem. On 25 June at 02:35 a second ESR occurred during standard ESR recovery, triggered by roll rate; the reason is unclear. Some time later, at 04:38, a third ESR triggered by a fine Sun-pointing anomaly and all telemetry was lost. The Deep Space Network (DSN) used a 70-m station (Madrid) to search for the downlink. Weak signal from the spacecraft is at the moment being received intermittently, but stable communication has not been established yet”. and at MMS in Toulouse. This team – in constant communication with NASA/GSFC in Greenbelt (USA) – studied the situation very carefully in order to propose measures for recovering spacecraft telemetry and attitude. The first recovery procedure was established in Europe, transmitted to GSFC and sent to SOHO on 25 June at 22:07 UT. It very soon became evident, after discussions with Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) in Pasadena (USA), that the weak signals that were being observed at the DSN station in Madrid were only spurious, and that SOHO was not sending any live signals.
An Innovative Research on the Usage of Facebook in the Higher Education Context of Hong Kong

Teaching and learning is undergoing a dramatic change due to the advancement in telecommunication and IT. Increasingly, online learning platform is playing an important role higher education. The maturity of Internet and emergence of various cloud services catalyse the development of these platforms and student learning behaviour. An example is Facebook, online social network sites, which changes the interaction, communication and interrelation of students and their daily life. There is a growing trend that people participate in Facebook. Given there is discussion forum provided by online learning platforms, students get used to communicate on Facebook. The phenomenon enables teachers to think whether Facebook can be incorporated in teaching so as to facilitate student learning. Past research on online social network sites evidence that there are a number of benefits including the improved student participation, social relationship, interaction, communication and facilitation. However, seldom studies try to consolidate these benefits and examine simultaneously against the overall learning motivation. This study attempts to develop a model of student motivation in learning with four Face book benefits : (1) Interaction , (2) Communication , (3) Social relationship , (4) Participation. The students of the School of Continuing and Professional Studies (SCS), The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), studying Hi-Diploma Programme, are invited to participate in this study. A survey was conducted to examine how these Facebook benefits relate to student motivation in learning. The results revealed that Interrelationship, Communication, Social relationship, and Participation influence significantly on student learning motivation. The results show teachers how Facebook benefits improve student learning motivation. The study also tries to explore some demographic trend in related to student Facebook usage.
Characterization of Microcapsule Containing Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Green Husk Extract as Preventive Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Agent

Background: Walnut green husk (WGH) extract has been known as potential preventive and therapeutic antioxidants and antimicrobials due to its high polyphenol content. In this study, preparation of spray dried WGH extract-loaded microcapsules by maltodextrin and its blending with two other natural biodegradable polymers, pectin, or alginate were investigated. Methods: In this study, encapsulation efficiency (EE), total phenol content (Folin–Ciocalteu reagent method), antioxidant (DPPH scavenging assay) and antimicrobial activities (agar well diffusion method) structural (SEM and FTIR studies), and release properties of WGH extract-loaded microcapsules were investigated. Results: High retention of phenolic content in microcapsules indicated the successful encapsulation of WGH extract. Addition of biopolymers to maltodextrin matrix has a positive effect on EE and other properties of microcapsules. The microcapsules prepared with mixture of maltodextrin and pectin had higher EE (79.35 ± 0.87%) and total phenolic (TP) content (56.83 ± 1.04 mg gallic acid equivalents [GAE]/100 g) in comparison to maltodextrin and alginate mixture (EE: 75.21 ± 0.24%, TP content: 54.33 ± 1.53 mg GAE/100 g) and maltodextrin only matrix (EE: 72.50 ± 1.00%, TP content: 50.67 ± 1.35 mg GAE/100 g). Extract-loaded microcapsules also showed nearly spherical structure, good antioxidant (with the percentage DPPH inhibition ranged from 75.17 ± 1.42% to 80.87 ± 2.29%), and antimicrobial properties (with mean inhibition diameter zone ranged from 7.76 ± 0.86 mm to 11.53 ± 0.45 mm). Fourier transform infrared analyses suggested the presence of extract on microcapsules. The in vitro extract release from microcapsules followed an anomalous non-Fickian diffusion mechanism with almost complete release. Conclusions: WGH extract microcapsules can be used as novel and economic bioactive phytochemical and therapeutic agents to prevent oxidation and microbial activity.
Towards a biolinguistic understanding of grammar : essays on interfaces

1. Interfaces in a biolinguistic perspective (by Di Sciullo, Anna Maria) 2. Part I. Syntax, semantics 3. Single cycle syntax and a constraint on quantifier lowering (by Lasnik, Howard) 4. A constraint on remnant movement (by Hunter, Tim) 5. Language and conceptual reanalysis (by Pietroski, Paul) 6. Part II. Features and interfaces 7. Decomposing force (by Isac, Daniela) 8. Function without content: Evidence from Greek subjunctive na (by Christodoulou, Christina) 9. The association of sound with meaning: The case of telicity (by Fujimori, Atsushi) 10. Part III. Phonology, syntax 11. Towards a bottom-up approach to phonological typology (by Reiss, Charles) 12. The emergence of phonological forms (by Samuels, Bridget) 13. Part IV. Language development 14. Non-native acquisition and language design (by Aguero-Bautista, Calixto) 15. Interface ingredients of dialect design: Bi-x, socio-syntax of development, and the grammar of Cypriot Greek (by Grohmann, Kleanthes K.) 16. Part V. Experimental studies 17. What sign languages show: Neurobiological bases of visual phonology (by Malaia, Evie) 18. Indeterminacy and coercion effects: Minimal representations with pragmatic enrichment (by de Almeida, Roberto G.) 19. Computation with doubling constituents: Pronouns and antecedents in phase theory (by Fong, Sandiway) 20. Concealed reference-set computation: How syntax escapes the parser's clutches (by Graf, Thomas) 21. Index
Recursive Visual Attention Algorithm 1 Recursive Visual Attention

Visual dialog is a challenging vision-language task, which requires the agent to answer multi-round questions about an image. It typically needs to address two major problems: (1) How to answer visually-grounded questions, which is the core challenge in visual question answering (VQA); (2) How to infer the co-reference between questions and the dialog history. An example of visual co-reference is: pronouns (e.g., “they”) in the question (e.g., “Are they on or off? ”) are linked with nouns (e.g., “lamps”) appearing in the dialog history (e.g., “How many lamps are there? ”) and the object grounded in the image. In this work, to resolve the visual co-reference for visual dialog, we propose a novel attention mechanism called Recursive Visual Attention (RvA). Specifically, our dialog agent browses the dialog history until the agent has sufficient confidence in the visual co-reference resolution, and refines the visual attention recursively. The quantitative and qualitative experimental results on the large-scale VisDial v0.9 and v1.0 datasets demonstrate that the proposed RvA not only outperforms the state-of-the-art methods, but also achieves reasonable recursion and interpretable attention maps without additional annotations. The code is available at https://github.com/yuleiniu/rva.
Semantics of Higher-order Probabilistic Programs Extended

Probabilistic programming is the idea of using programs for expressing probabilistic models. It aims at enabling scientists to develop sophisticated probabilistic models easily. Most probabilistic programming languages blend usual programming constructs with special probabilistic primitives, so that scientists can use both and express advanced models succinctly. Also, these languages come with generic inference algorithms, and relieve scientists of the nontrivial task of designing custom inference algorithms for their models. Several probabilistic programming languages are available by now. Some languages such as Infer.net and Stan restrict the form of programs but provide powerful inference algorithms, while others such as Church, Venture and Anglican have less-performant inference algorithms but support continuous and other advanced distributions and include powerful features of general-purpose programming languages, such as higher-order functions and Lisp-style meta-programming facilities. Our work focuses on the latter group of probabilistic programming languages that in particular support full higher-order functions. Our goal is to answer a foundational question: What are the formal semantics of such a language? In this extended abstract, we will describe our current status on developing denotational semantics of a typed call-by-value higher-order probabilistic programming language, which is motivated by the Anglican language [5]. The combination of higher-order functions and continuous distributions puts a nontrivial challenge for giving denotational (or even operational) semantics that satisfies expected program equivalences and basic properties from probability theory. This challenge originates from the absence of well-behaved function spaces in the standard setting of probability theory: the evaluation function
Managing Chronic Nonmalignant Pain in Patients with Addiction: Barriers, Risks, and Recommendations

2 INTRODUCTION 3 STATEMENT OF PURPOSE 6 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK 6 LITERATURE REVIEW SECTION 1: Chronic Pain 8 SECTION 2: Opioid Therapy for Chronic Pain in Patients with Addiction 10 SECTION 3: Barriers to Opioid Therapy 11 SECTION 4: Risks Associated with Opioid Prescribing 15 SECTION 5: Recommendations for Treatment Management 17 SECTION 6: Reference for Primary Care Providers Providing Pain Management in the State of Washington 20 SUMMARy 22 REFERENCES 24 APPENDIX A ,. '" 30 APPENDIX B 40 Dedication: For my family for truly there are no words to describe my grateful heart, my debt ofgratitude, my love and admiration for each of you. This journey would not have been possible without your support and your love and I will forever be in your service and your debt. 1 CHRONIC PAIN MANAGEMENT RISKS AND RECOMMENDATIONS Managing Chronic Nonmalignant Pain in Patients with Addiction: Barriers, Risks and Recommendations Karen S. Rawlins Washington State University 2 CHRONIC PAIN MANAGEMENT RISKS AND RECOMMENDATIONS Abstract Primary care providers face significant risks and barriers when considering opioid pain medication therapy for their patients with chronic nonmalignant pain who also have addiction issues. While opioids are considered the most effective analgesic medications for chronic pain, increasing rates of abuse, misuse, diversion and addiction are being reported. Expert recommendations and guidelines advocate utilization of a universal precautions model for all patients in the treatment of chronic pain, use of screening tools for addiction, mental health and aberrant drug-related behaviors, appropriate risk stratification and monitoring and thorough documentation of analgesia, affect, aberrant behaviors, activity and adverse effects. By adhering to recognized standards of care, providers can overcome common barriers and provide safe, effective pain management care for their patients with chronic nonmalignant pain who may also have a history of addiction.Primary care providers face significant risks and barriers when considering opioid pain medication therapy for their patients with chronic nonmalignant pain who also have addiction issues. While opioids are considered the most effective analgesic medications for chronic pain, increasing rates of abuse, misuse, diversion and addiction are being reported. Expert recommendations and guidelines advocate utilization of a universal precautions model for all patients in the treatment of chronic pain, use of screening tools for addiction, mental health and aberrant drug-related behaviors, appropriate risk stratification and monitoring and thorough documentation of analgesia, affect, aberrant behaviors, activity and adverse effects. By adhering to recognized standards of care, providers can overcome common barriers and provide safe, effective pain management care for their patients with chronic nonmalignant pain who may also have a history of addiction.
Invariant Hybrid Force/Position Control of a Velocity Controlled Robot with Compliant End Effector Using Modal Decoupling

A new method based on modal decoupling is proposed for the hybrid force/position control of a robot during constrained mo tion. The robot is equipped with an internal velocity controller, i.e., the control commands issued by the hybrid force/position controller are desired (joint) velocities. This velocity controller is supposed to be very stiff or of high bandwidth, as is the case for most commercial industrial robots. As a result, the robot dynamics are negligible compared to the contact dynam ics, which have low frequency because passive compliance is concentrated in the robot end effector. The new method incor porates results from the control of flexible robots, to damp out undesired vibrations of the end effector through active control. The contact dynamics during constrained motion are de scribed by a MIMO system: the inputs are the joint velocities; the outputs are the forces and torques measured by the wrist sensor. Using modal decoupling, this MIMO system is decom posed into its vibrational modes, i.e., a set of decoupled SISO systems. These modes are either unconstrained real vibrational modes, or constrained, and hence degenerated modes. Both are easy to control to satisfy the overall requirements of desired contact forces and vibration free motion of the manipulated object. Attention is paid to the invariance of the approach; i.e., the resulting robot behavior is independent of the choice of reference frame and the choice of units. The article contains experimental results of free space and partially constrained motion. Both confirm the theoretical re sults. 2. Usually, forces and torques are measured using strain gauges or dis placement transducers. 3. In practice, the effect of w g can easily be compensated for, by using a gravity model of the MO. 4. Proportional damping is an invariant concept; i.e., α and β are indepen dent of the representation of C, M and K, but few real systems exhibit this characteristic. Nevertheless, the assumption of proportional damp ing is frequently used for the ease of mathematical treatment. Indeed, Caughey (1960) showed that proportional damping is a sufficient—but not a necessary—condition for the existence of real modes. 5. Mathematically, this is easily verified using the positive definiteness of M and K, and the positive semidefiniteness of projection operator JJ † M. 6. In practice, such discontinuities are avoided by proper trajectory genera tion, but here they are deliberately introduced.
empirical evaluation of metrics on aspect-oriented programs

The quality evaluation of software metrics measurement is considered as the primary indicator of imperfection prediction and software maintenance in various empirical studies of software products. However, there is no agreement on which metrics are compelling quality pointers for new software development approaches such as aspect-oriented programming (AOP) techniques. AOP intends to enhance programming quality by providing fundamentally different parts of the systems, for example, pointcuts, advice, and intertype relationships. Hence, it is not evident if quality characteristics for AOP could be extracted from direct expansions of traditional object-oriented programming (OOP) measurements. Then again, investigations of AOP do regularly depend on established static and dynamic metrics measurement; notwithstanding the late research of AOP in empirical studies, few analyses been adopted using the International Organization for Standardization 9126 quality model as useful markers of flaw inclination in this context. This paper examination we have considered different programming quality models given by various authors every once in a while and distinguished that adaptability was deficient in the current model. We have testing 10 projects developed by AOP. We have used many applications to extract the metrics, but none of them could extract all AOP Metrics. It only can measure some of AOP Metrics, not all of them. This study investigates the suitable framework for extract AOP Metrics, for instance, static and dynamic metrics measurement for hybrid application systems (AOP and OOP) or only AOP application.
Ly49R activation receptor drives self-MHC–educated NK cell immunity against cytomegalovirus infection

Significance Natural killer (NK) cells provide essential host protection against cancer and infection. Inhibitory self-receptors for ubiquitously expressed MHC class I (MHC I) molecules are needed to educate NK cells and help prevent NK cells from attacking autologous cells in the host. NK cells also utilize activation self-receptors that can augment NK cell responsiveness to viral infections. We show herein that a distinct pair of functionally discordant self-receptors work in tandem to identify and eliminate infected targets, which coincides with host survival, primarily because they effectively increase NK cell activation and proliferation during infection. Natural killer (NK) cells mediate vital control of cancer and viral infection. They rely on MHC class I (MHC I)-specific self-receptors to identify and lyse diseased cells without harming self-MHC I-bearing host cells. NK cells bearing inhibitory self-receptors for host MHC I also undergo education, referred to as licensing, which causes them to become more responsive to stimulation via activation receptor signaling. Previous work has shown that licensed NK cells selectively expand during virus infections and they are associated with improved clinical response in human patients experiencing certain chronic virus infections, including HIV and hepatitis C virus. However, the importance of inhibitory self-receptors in NK-mediated virus immunity is debated as they also limit signals in NK cells emanating from virus-specific activation receptors. Using a mouse model of MHC I-dependent (H-2Dk) virus immunity, we discovered that NK cells depend on the Ly49G2 inhibitory self-receptor to mediate virus control, which coincided with host survival during murine cytomegalovirus infection. This antiviral effect further requires active signaling in NK cells via the Ly49R activation receptor that also binds H-2Dk. In tandem, these functionally discordant Ly49 self-receptors increase NK cell proliferation and effector activity during infection, resulting in selective up-regulation of CD25 and KLRG1 in virus-specific Ly49R+ Ly49G2+ NK cells. Our findings establish that paired self-receptors act as major determinants of NK cell-mediated virus sensing and immunity.
Bioactive components and functional properties of Hottuynia cordata and its applications

Houttuynia cordata Thunb. is a member of Saururaceae, a family mainly distributed in Eastern Asia. It has long been used in China both as an edible vegetable and in traditional medicine. Recent studies indicate that H. cordata contains abundant nutrients and active components including volatile oils, flavonoids, and water soluble polysaccharides. In addition, H. cordata exhibits a wide range of pharmaceutical activities including antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, immunologic, anticancer, antioxidative, and antimutagenic effects. At present, injectable H. cordata has been used clinically for treating infectious disease, inflammation, and anaphylaxis. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the nutrients and pharmacologically relevant compounds of H. cordata that have been characterized to date, and of the studies supporting its medicinal use. Particular attention has been given to the pharmacological action and the state of utilization of H. cordata. Finally, future trends on H. cordata such as pharmacological components and mechanism, and the development of potential products have briefly been inferred.
The relationship between engorged female weight and egg number in ixodid ticks : A biological interpretation of linear regression parameters

The relationship between the weight of engorged females of ixodid ticks and the number of eggs they produce is considered, using both our own data and numerous literature data. There are three critical weights during female engorgement, which are followed by a change in the relationship of female weight/egg number. When the females acquire an initial weight (W-) after which they are able to lay eggs, they produce a constantly increasing number of eggs per unit weight (partially-engorged females). After the females acquire weight W2, they produce a constant number of eggs per unit weight (fully-engorged females), and after reaching the weight W3, they produce a diminishing number of eggs per unit weight (over-engorged females). In the linear regression between female weight (x) and egg number (y) (y= a + bx), used in most studies of tick life history, the X-axis not only expresses the whole range of weights (thus mixing together females of all groups, even those which do not produce eggs at all), but also includes non-existing weight values, from 0 to the mean weight of an unfed female. Under these conditions, the parameters a and b have no biological meaning, since the linear dependence between female weight and egg number is only valid for fully-engorged females. This means that 0 on the X-axis must correspond to the very beginning of the linear dependence. The regression should only be computed over the part of the X-axis with weights of fully engorged females, where the relationship of female weight/egg number is truly linear (Y, X; W2, 0), thus making both parameters informative: a corresponds to the number of eggs laid by a fully engorged female with a minimal possible weight (W2) and b is the number of eggs produced per unit of weight increase. Hence, this is a simple way to take into account the real limits of the linear relationship between y and x values and to transform the regression, such that its parameters can be interpreted biologically.