Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Printing Technologies as an Emerging Approach in Gas Sensors: Survey of Literature

Herein, we review printing technologies which are commonly approbated at recent time in the course of fabricating gas sensors and multisensor arrays, mainly of chemiresistive type. The most important characteristics of the receptor materials, which need to be addressed in order to achieve a high efficiency of chemisensor devices, are considered. The printing technologies are comparatively analyzed with regard to, (i) the rheological properties of the employed inks representing both reagent solutions or organometallic precursors and disperse systems, (ii) the printing speed and resolution, and (iii) the thickness of the formed coatings to highlight benefits and drawbacks of the methods. Particular attention is given to protocols suitable for manufacturing single miniature devices with unique characteristics under a large-scale production of gas sensors where the receptor materials could be rather quickly tuned to modify their geometry and morphology. We address the most convenient approaches to the rapid printing single-crystal multisensor arrays at lab-on-chip paradigm with sufficiently high resolution, employing receptor layers with various chemical composition which could replace in nearest future the single-sensor units for advancing a selectivity.
An experimental validation of Lorentz force eddy current testing

The adoption of metallic materials in industry and building construction is of enormous importance. To make sure, that a component is without defects and will withstand the applied loads, usually a 100% check-up is performed. Therefore, several nondestructive material testing techniques are available. Their applicability is often limited. The novel nondestructive material testing technique named “Lorentz force eddy current testing” is a contactless electromagnetic testing technique. It is capable of detecting deeply hidden defects in electrically conducting materials at high testing speeds due to the use of a direct magnetic field. Using a conceptually simple prototype model some limits of the measurement technique are presented and the basic physical principle is explained. In order to prove the functionality of the testing technique experimental data for specimens with artificial defects are presented. The measurement signal is analyzed and conclusions are used for improvement.
Continuous improvement CSF framework for assessing CI maturity in ISO and non-ISO certified construction contracting organizations

Continuous Improvement (CI) is being recognized as key enabler for productivity improvement within the construction industry especially since it was emphasized in the Egan Report in 1998. However, core business processes within the construction industry have not been able to take advantage of this philosophy. Research and development efforts in this area has been lacking in terms of its applications from a construction industry-specific perspective. Attempts to focus on CI through specific TQM and of recent ISO 9000:2000 efforts seem to have had little impact, especially complicated by the unique features of the temporary nature of construction project organizations. It has been identified that construction suffers from delays, cost overruns, rework, variations, claims, poor contract administration and lax supervision by the client’s representative. Taking into account that construction projects are unique, temporary and embedded in sub-contracting culture, the task of achieving productivity improvement requires addressing the CI of specific processes. Hence, the first objective of this research is to determine the Critical Success Factors (CSFs) for Continuous Improvement (CI) as a focused independent management tool in the Planning and Scheduling (P&S) of construction projects. 38 Success Factors of CI for P&S of construction projects from literature review were listed and verified using three rounds of Delphi Method This constituted the CI Maturity Assessment Framework that was used to assess ISO and Non-ISO construction organizations. The finding shows that, ISO certified companies exhibit a comparatively correlation with CI maturity level, however not being significant enough than non-ISO companies. Hypotheses testing used to compare both groups, and it was found that 35 out of 38 of the CSFs did not show any significant difference in CI maturity level. Hence, it cannot be claimed that ISO certified organizations fully practice the principles of CI. Finally, a conceptual framework for implementing CI based on The Kaizen Blitz approach is proposed for construction projects to enable rapid performance improvements over short timescales that is suitable considering the various construction projects peculiarities.
Research on the impact of artificial intelligence technology on green innovation

Artificial intelligence technology has a far-reaching impact on the way of life and production of human society. It not only deeply integrates with various industries, but also promotes the development of industries. In the era of comprehensively promoting the concept of green development, will artificial intelligence technology promote green innovation? Based on this background, this paper first constructs a theoretical model of the relationship between artificial intelligence technology and green innovation, and then makes an empirical test with data. The results show that AI technology can significantly promote the development of green innovation and enhance the positive effect of government subsidies on green innovation.
Conditions to Flatten the Curvature Tensor Associated with a Symmetric Affine Connection

In this study, we present a problem that consists in flattening the curvature associated with an affine connection on ℝ 2 . This problem involves distributions and symmetric affine connections defined on a differential manifold M . For rank 1 constant distributions, we characterize the existence of solutions and get sufficient conditions to solve the problem. The general statement of the problem and some illustrative examples are given.
A Systematic Literature Review of Lexical Analyzer Implementation Techniques in Compiler Design

The term “lexical” in lexical analysis process of the compilation is derived from the word “lexeme”, which is the basic conceptual unit of the linguistic morphological study. In computer science, lexical analysis, also referred to as lexing, scanning or tokenization, is the process of transforming the string of characters in source program to a stream of tokens, where the token is a string with a designated and identified meaning. It is the first phase of a two-step compilation processing model known as the analysis stage of compilation process used by compiler to understand the input source program. The objective is to convert character streams into words and recognize its token type. The generated stream of tokens is then used by the parser to determine the syntax of the source program. A program in compilation phase that performs a lexical analysis process is termed as lexical analyzer, lexer, scanner or tokenizer. Lexical analyzer is used in various computer science applications, such as word processing,information retrieval systems, pattern recognition systems and language-processing systems. However, the scope of our review study is related to language processing. Various tools are used for automatic generation of tokens and are more suitable for sequential execution of the process. Recent advances in multi-core architecture systems have led to the need to re-engineer the compilation process to integrate the multi-core architecture. By parallelization in the recognition of tokens in multiple cores, multi cores can be used optimally, thus reducing compilation time. To attain parallelism in tokenizationon multi-core machines, the lexical analyzer phase of compilation needs to be restructured to accommodate the multi-core architecture and by exploiting the language constructs which can run parallel and the concept of processor affinity. This paper provides a systematic analysis of literature to discuss emerging approaches and issues related to lexical analyzer implementation and the adoption of improved methodologies. This has been achieved by reviewing 30 published articles on the implementation of lexical analyzers. The results of this review indicate various techniques, latest developments, and current approaches for implementing auto generated scanners and hand-crafted scanners. Based on the findings, we draw on the efficacy of lexical analyzer implementation techniques from the results discussed in the selected review studies and the paper provides future research challenges and needs to explore the previously under-researched areas for scanner implementation processes.
Novel Ultrasound Anatomical Measurement of the Deep Transverse Metatarsal Ligament: An Intra-Rater Reliability and Inter-Rater Concordance Study

Insufficient space below the Deep Transverse Metatarsal Ligament (DTML) could be an etiological factor for Morton’s Neuroma (MN). To date, there is a lack of studies measuring the space below the DTML. For this reason, this study assesses the intra- and inter-rater concordance and reproducibility of measurements of the space below the DTML between the third and the fourth metatarsal heads (M3 and M4) using ultrasound imaging to assess and verify the reliability and reproducibility of measurements of the space under the DTML. Forty feet from twenty patients were examined using ultrasound by three trained evaluators at two different times. The two measurements taken on each foot were: base (b)—distance between M3 and M4, and height (h)—distance between the DTML and the plantar skin surface. This was a quantitative, observational, analytical study. The concordance rate between observers for measurements of height and base were 98.5% and 99.5%, respectively. The mean area obtained of the space was 54.6 mm2 and 57.2 mm2 for both the left and right foot (p > 0.05). Reproducibility over time calculated in pre- and post-measurements showed an intraclass correlation coefficient of 1.00 (95%CI: 0.99–1.00), which leads us to conclude that the measurements are perfectly reproducible. Both measurements (height and base) of the space under the DTML, performed by ultrasound, are reliable and reproducible.
Uma Investigação Acerca da Experiência do Usuário em Sistemas Colaborativos Educacionais

Há diversas formas de avaliar a experiência do usuário (UX) em sistemas colaborativos, incluindo contextos educacionais. No entanto, os aspectos de colaboração nem sempre são contemplados com as formas tradicionais de avaliar UX. Com isto, oportuniza-se investigar como a UX pode ser afetada pela colaboração entre pessoas no contexto de ensino-aprendizagem. Para tanto, a pesquisa sera desenvolvida baseando-se em Design Science Research (DSR). Primeiramente será conduzido um Mapeamento Sistemático da Literatura (MSL) para verificar as formas de avaliação de UX em sistemas colaborativos educacionais. Em seguida, sera realizado um experimento controlado acerca de algumas formas de avaliação, verificando quais aspectos de colaboração essas técnicas abordam e como podem ser melhoradas. Como parte da investigação, pretende-se conceber como resultado um método para avaliar a UX de sistemas colaborativos.
Comparative Study of Depuration Rate Prediction against Mussel (Elliptio complanata) using Different Chemometric Approaches

Different chemometric approaches were applied to a heterogeneous dataset of persistent organic pollutants(POPs), which included polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs), polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) with associated depuration rate constant in Mussel (Elliptio complanata), to develop robust quantitative structure-activity relationship(QSAR) models. These models were further validated for statistical significance and predictive ability by internal and external validation. Out of various methods available, genetic algorithm and principal component analysis (PCA) approaches were used to identify relevant molecular descriptors from a large descriptor pool that exhibited a strong correlation with the depuration rate constant values of the diverse dataset. Then, multiple linear regression(MLR) and artificial neural network (ANN) methods were applied to the selected descriptors to create good predictive models. Statistical comparison of 3 hybrid approaches namely, GA-MLR, GA-ANN and PCA-ANN have shown that the genetic algorithm coupled with ANN model is superior to the other 2 models (R2train= 0.961, R2test= 0.947, mapetest= 7.939 and rmsetest=0.128). The applicability domain of the selected models was analyzed using the Euclidean distance and leverage approach signifies that all test set compounds fall within the applicability domain of the developed regression-based models. HIGHLIGHTS Evaluation of toxicokinetic parameters in aquatic ecosystem from the molecular structure satisfies the growing demand of theoretical methods for sustainable chemistry Three different chemometric approaches namely GA-MLR, GA-ANN and PCA-ANN are applied to establish quantitative-structure-activity relationships for the prediction of depuration rate constant values (logkd) of a dataset containing POPs in mussel Elliptio complanata OECD guidelines are used to evaluate and validate the presented models
An integral sliding mode controller based disturbances rejection compound scheme for inertially stabilized platform in aerial remote sensing

An integral sliding mode controller based disturbance rejection compound scheme is proposed to attenuate the influences of nonlinear disturbances and parameter uncertainties on stability accuracy of the three-axis inertially stabilized platform for the aerial remote sensing applications. The compound scheme is composed of an integral sliding mode controller and a disturbance measurement unit. The integral sliding mode controller is used to ensure robust stability against exterior nonlinear disturbances and parameter uncertainties, in which the saturation function is employed to reduce the chattering. The disturbance measurement unit is served as the disturbance measurement components of the rate loop and current loop of three closed-loop structure in the inertially stabilized platform control system, by which the interior high-frequency disturbances are compensated in real time. To verify the method, simulations and experiments are conducted. In simulations, the LuGre friction model is introduced to analyze the effects of disturbances. Further, a series of experiments are carried out. The results show that the compound scheme has excellent ability in both of disturbances rejection and robust stabilization, by which the stability accuracy of the inertially stabilized platform is improved significantly.
Design of a Composite Decoupling Structure for Dual-Band Dual-Polarized Base Station Array

A composite decoupling structure is proposed to ameliorate the mutual couplings for dual-band dual-polarized base station array. The structure consists of dual-band decouple surface combined with staggered dielectric surface and several meandered line resonators embedded on the ground. The proposed decoupling structure achieves synchronously reduction of c-pol E-plane, H-plane, and x-pol couplings. In this letter, a staggered 2-1-2 array integrated with the proposed decoupling structure is simulated and measured. The results demonstrate that the decoupled array is operating in the 3.3–3.7 GHz (B1) and 4.8–5.5 GHz (B2) bands with VSWR better than 1.5 and the isolation can be improved to 20 dB in B1 band and 25 dB in B2 band even higher. The radiation patterns of the decoupled array are well maintained with about 20% (B1) and 5% (B2) total efficiency improvement, and the envelope correlation coefficient of the ports is decreased from above 0.02 to less than 0.003 over the whole operating bands. The proposed scheme has potential application prospects in massive multiple-input–multiple-output and fifth-generation (5G) communication systems.
Design of an Aviation Dual-Three-Phase High-Power High-Speed Permanent Magnet Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Starter-Generator With Antishort-Circuit Ability

This article proposes a novel dual-three-phase high-power high-speed permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance starter generator (PMaSynR SG) for aviation application, which has the characteristics of high efficiency, high power density, high reliability, and excellent antishort-circuit ability. The proposed PMaSynR SG can obtain higher efficiency and power density by embedding permanent magnet in the rotor topology compared with the synchronous reluctance generator, and has better antishort-circuit ability compared with the permanent magnet synchronous starter-generator. Moreover, design of dual-three-phase winding is adopted, which not only reduces the phase current, but also improves the reliability. In this article, the topological structure, characteristics and principle of PMaSynR SG are systematically studied at first. Second, a simplified dq-axis equivalent magnetic circuit model is established, and the expressions of dq-axis inductance and permanent magnet flux linkage are derived on the basis of the basic parameter selection. Then, combined with parameter sensitivity analysis, the influence law of rotor structural parameters on antishort-circuit ability and electromagnetic performance is revealed. Finally, a 40 kW 24 000 r/min PMaSynR SG is designed and manufactured. The simulation and experimental results show that the proposed PMaSynR SG has excellent electromagnetic performance with the power density of 3.1 kW/kg and the efficiency of 94%, while the short-circuit current is only 59% of its rated value.
Important Notes and Influences of Stress: Review Article

Background : A stress response is triggered by any physical or psychological stimulation that disturbs balance. Stressors are the stimuli, and the stress response is the physiological and behavioural changes that occur as a result of being exposed to them. Body systems such as the sympathetic-adreno-medulla (SAM), hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA), and immunological systems are activated in reaction to stressful situations. It's an adaptability process that helps the body deal with challenges provided by an internal or external stressor. It has maladaptive and detrimental effects on the body's physiology when a stressor is too severe, frequent, or long-lasting (chronic stress). For example, persistent stress can create maladaptive reactions such as depression, anxiety, cognitive impairment, and heart disease. Objective : Aim of the review article to give an overview about stress and its influences on life. Methods: PubMed, Google scholar and Science direct were searched using the following keywords: Stress, Internal or external stressor, Chronic stress, Depression and Anxiety. The authors also screened references from the relevant literature, including all the identified studies and reviews, only the most recent or complete study was included between January 2001 and September 2021. Documents in a language apart from English have been excluded as sources for interpretation was not found. Papers apart from main scientific studies had been excluded: documents unavailable as total written text, conversation, conference abstract papers and dissertations. Conclusion: Stress can cause headaches, high blood pressure, heart disease, diabetes, skin diseases, asthma, arthritis, other
Development of an Automated Liquid Biopsy Assay for Methylated Markers in Advanced Breast Cancer

Current molecular liquid biopsy assays to detect recurrence or monitor response to treatment require sophisticated technology, highly trained personnel, and a turnaround time of weeks. We describe the development and technical validation of an automated Liquid Biopsy for Breast Cancer Methylation (LBx-BCM) prototype, a DNA methylation detection cartridge assay that is simple to perform and quantitatively detects nine methylated markers within 4.5 hours. LBx-BCM demonstrated high interassay reproducibility when analyzing exogenous methylated DNA (75–300 DNA copies) spiked into plasma (coefficient of variation, CV = 7.1%–10.9%) and serum (CV = 19.1%–36.1%). It also demonstrated high interuser reproducibility (Spearman r = 0.887, P < 0.0001) when samples of metastatic breast cancer (MBC, N = 11) and normal control (N = 4) were evaluated independently by two users. Analyses of interplatform reproducibility indicated very high concordance between LBx-BCM and the reference assay, cMethDNA, among 66 paired plasma samples [MBC N = 40, controls N = 26; Spearman r = 0.891; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.825–0.933, P < 0.0001]. LBx-BCM achieved a ROC AUC = 0.909 (95% CI = 0.836–0.982), 83% sensitivity and 92% specificity; cMethDNA achieved a ROC AUC = 0.896 (95% CI = 0.817–0.974), 83% sensitivity and 92% specificity in test set samples. The automated LBx-BCM cartridge prototype is fast, with performance levels equivalent to the highly sensitive, manual cMethDNA method. Future prospective clinical studies will evaluate LBx-BCM detection sensitivity and its ability to monitor therapeutic response during treatment for advanced breast cancer. Significance: We technically validated an automated, cartridge-based, liquid biopsy prototype assay, to quantitatively measure breast cancer methylation in serum or plasma of patients with MBC, that demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity.
Linear Polarized Non Uniform Shaped Patch Antenna

In this paper a Non Uniform shaped patch antenna has been designed, simulated and optimized. Microstrip patch antennas with linear based on general requirement network have been investigated. All of the singles and arrays patch antennas are implemented in microstrip transmission line. Single patch non uniform antenna has also been investigated with enhancement factor i.e parasitic elements to investigate the parameter changes. All the designs are simulated and analyzed using Advanced Design System (ADS) software.
Privacy Leakage in Wireless Charging

Wireless charging is becoming an essential power supply pattern for electronic devices. Currently, mainstream smartphones are almost compatible with wireless charging. However, when the charging efficiency is continuously improved, its security challenge still remains open yet overlooked. In this paper, we reveal that severe security flaws exist in the wireless charging procedure of off-the-shelf commodity smartphones. Specifically, we find that an attacker can utilize the electromagnetic induction effect between the wireless charger and the smartphone to detect the activities and operations performed on the smartphone. We term such attack as EM-Surfing side-channel attack and build a theoretical model to show its feasibility. To explore the hazard of EM-Surfing, we propose a three-module attack method, with which we conduct real-world experiments over three mainstream models of smartphones. The results show that the attacker can achieve over 99%, 96%, 94%, and 97% accuracy when inferring the passcode, keystroke, App information, and speech content, respectively. We also design an App named SecCharging to prevent smartphones from EM-Surfing attacks. The defense experiment results demonstrate that SecCharging can mitigate the threats posed by EM-Surfing effectively.