Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
g Effector Functions Predominantly via Fc Murine IgG1 Complexes Trigger Immune

Previously, we have demonstrated that phagocytosis of IgG1-coated particles by macrophages in vitro is impaired by deletion of Fc g RIII in mice, suggesting that IgG1 may interact preferentially with Fc g RIII. In the present study, the biologic relevance of this observation was addressed by triggering various effector functions of the immune system in Fc g RIII 2 / 2 mice, using panels of mAbs of different IgG subclasses. Both binding and phagocytosis of IgG1-coated sheep or human erythrocytes by Fc g RIII 2 / 2 macrophages in vitro were strongly impaired, indicating that the impaired ingestion of complexed IgG1 by Fc g RIII 2 / 2 macrophages is due to a defect in binding. An in vivo consequence of the defective phagocytosis was observed by resistance of Fc g RIII-deﬁcient mice to experimental autoimmune hemolytic anemia, as shown by a lack of IgG1-mediated erythrophagocytosis in vivo by liver macrophages. Furthermore, trapping of soluble IgG1-containing immune complexes by follicular dendritic cells in mesenteric lymph nodes from Fc g RIII 2 / 2 mice was abolished. Whole blood from Fc g RIII 2 / 2 mice was unable to induce lysis of tumor cells in the presence of IgG1 antitumor Abs. Finally, IgG1 mAbs proved unable to mount a passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in Fc g RIII 2 / 2 mice. Together, these results demonstrate that IgG1 complexes, either in particulate or in soluble form, trigger in vitro and in were allowed to adhere by incubation of 10 5 cells in RPMI 1640 medium containing 10% FCS/well of a 96-well tissue culture plate (Nunc, Roskilde, Denmark) for 3 h at 37°C. Nonadherent cells were removed by two washes. To study binding of SRBC, the macrophages were incubated with 2 m g/ml cytochalasin D for 30 min at 37°C. Then, 50 m l of 1% pelleted opsonized SRBC-TNP, in the presence of 2 m g/ml cytochalasin D, was added to each well and incubated for 30 min at 37°C, and nonbound SRBC were removed by three washes with PBS. To study phagocytosis of SRBC, 50 m l of 1% pelleted SRBC in RPMI containing 10% FCS was added to each well and incubated for 30 min at 37°C, followed by lysis of extracellular SRBC by incubation in water for 1 min at room temperature and three washes with PBS. The percentages of macrophages that had bound or ingested one or more SRBC were determined by light microscopy.
Environmental controls on spatial patterns in the longterm persistence of giant kelp in central California

As marine management measures increasingly protect static areas of the oceans, it is important to make sure protected areas capture and protect persistent populations. Rocky reefs in many temperate areas worldwide serve as habitat for canopy-forming macroalgae 30 and these structure-forming species of kelps (order Laminariales) often serve as important habitat 31 for a great diversity of species. Macrocystis pyrifera is the most common canopy-forming kelp 32 species found along the coast of California, but the distribution and abundance of M. pyrifera 33 varies in space and time. The purpose of this study is to determine what environmental 34 parameters are correlated with and their relative contribution to the spatial and temporal 35 persistence of M. pyrifera along the central coast of California and how well those environmental 36 parameters can be used to predict areas where M. pyrifera is more likely to persist. Nine 37 environmental variables considered in this study included depth of the seafloor, structure of the 38 rocky reef, proportion of rocky reef, size of kelp patch, biomass of kelp within a patch, distance 39 from the edge of a kelp patch, sea surface temperature, wave orbital velocities, and population 40 connectivity of individual kelp patches. Using a generalized linear mixed effects model 41 (GLMM), the persistence of M. pyrifera was significantly associated with seven of the nine 42 variables considered: depth, complexity of the rocky reef, proportion of rock, patch biomass, 43 distance from the edge of a patch, population connectivity, and wave orbital velocities. These 44 seven environmental variables were then used to predict the persistence of kelp across the central 45 coast, and these predictions were compared to a reserved dataset of M. pyrifera persistence, 46 which was not used in the creation of the GLMM. The environmental variables were shown to 47 accurately predict the persistence of M. pyrifera within the central coast of California (r = 0.71, 48 P<0.001). Because persistence of giant kelp is important to the community structure of kelp 49 forests, understanding those factors that support persistent populations of M. pyrifera will enable 50 more effective management of these ecosystems.
Medical Virtual Instrumentation for Ambient Assisted Living: Part 2 Practice and Case Studies

In this article, we discuss how medical virtual instruments are used for ambient assisted living technologies. Ambient assisted living technologies enable seniors to age well in the comfort of their homes. Case studies are used to describe some ways that medical virtual instruments are being used to support ambient assisted living in the key disease domains of cardiovascular, neurologic, hormonal and musculoskeletal health. The article also discusses the open research issues and future perspectives relating to the use of medical virtual instruments in these domains.
SEQUENTIAL OF MAMMALIAN CELLS TO LOW- AND HIGH-LET RADIATIONS. LETHAL EFFECTS FOLLOWING X-RAY AND NEON ION IRRADIATION

-1-ABSTRACT Asynchronous Chinese hamster V79 cells were irradiated at the Berkeley Bevalac with Bragg-peak neon ions alone, or in combination with x-rays. We ·found that the single-dose survival curve for cells exposed to neon ions can be described by an exponential function of dose and that no cellular repair can be detected for neon ions with two-dose, fractionated exposures over a fractionation interval of a few hours at 37°C. However, we showed that when cells were irradiated with a priming dose of neon ions followed shortly by graded x-ray doses, there was a reduction in the shoulder (Dq) of the subsequent x-ray survival curve. Conversely, when cells were irradiated with a priming dose of x-rays followed shortly by graded neon-ion doses, the neon-ion survival curve had a steeper slope, or a lower D 0 value. These effects appear to increase with the size of the priming dose. These results suggest that the charged particles each
circPVT1 Facilitates Invasion and Metastasis by Regulating miR-205-5p/c-FLIP Axis in Osteosarcoma

Background: As a key subtype of non-coding RNAs, circular RNA (circRNA) has been well documented to play a key role in the tumorigenesis of osteosarcoma (OS). circPVT1 was revealed to participate in the progression of multiple human tumors; however, the roles of circPVT1 in OS invasion and metastasis and its potential mechanisms remain elusive. Methods: RNA expression in OS tissues and cells was examined by qRT-PCR, protein expression was measured by Western blot. circPVT1 knockdown in vitro was achieved by transfecting OS cells with speci ﬁ c siRNAs. OS cell proliferation was assessed via CCK-8 and colony formation assays. OS cell migration and invasion were evaluated by transwell assay. Interaction between miR-205-5p and circPVT1 or c-FLIP was validated through dual-luciferase reporter assay. Rescue experiments were performed to explore the regulatory net among circPVT1, miR-205-5p and c-FLIP in OS progression in vitro. Results: circPVT1 and c-FLIP were highly expressed, while miR-205-5p was lowly expressed in OS tissues and cell lines. Knockdown of circPVT1 repressed cell proliferation, migration and invasion via inhibiting epithelial – mesenchymal transition (EMT) in OS. circPVT1 functioned as a sponge of miR-205-5p, and c-FLIP was targeted by miR-205-5p in OS cells. Furthermore, circPVT1 indirectly regulated c-FLIP expression through competitively binding to miR-205-5p. Inhibition of miR-205-5p or overexpression of c-FLIP abolished the effects of si-circPVT1 on cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated circPVT1 functions as a sponge for miR-205-5p to promote c-FLIP expression, thereby enhancing EMT and inducing OS invasion and metastasis in vitro, implying that circPVT1 might be a potential therapeutic target for further clinical therapy of OS.
THE INTENTION BEHAVIOUR GAP IN EXERCISE 2 The Relationship of Self-efficacy, and Explicit and Implicit Associations on the Intention

2 Background: Recent physical activity research is limited by intention-behaviour discordance 3 and is beginning to recognize the importance of automatic processes in exercise. The 4 purpose of the current study was to examine the role of multidimensional exercise self- 5 efficacy, explicit-implicit evaluative discrepancies (EIEDs) for health and appearance on the 6 intention-behaviour gap in exercise. 7 Methods: A total of 141 middle aged inactive participants ( M age = 46.12±8.17) completed 8 measures of intentions, self-efficacy, and explicit and implicit evaluations of exercise 9 outcomes. Participants were classified as inclined actors ( n =107) if they successfully started 10 the exercise program and inclined abstainers ( n = 35) if they were not successful. 11 Results: Inclined actors and abstainers did not differ on intentions to exercise, however, 12 inclined actors had higher coping self-efficacy and lower EIEDs for health. In addition, 13 coping self-efficacy (Exp (β) =1.03) and EIEDs for health (Exp ( β ) = -. 405) were significant 14 predictors of being an inclined actor. 15 Conclusions: The interaction between explicit and implicit processes in regard to health 16 motives for exercise appears to influence the successful enactment of exercise from positive 17 intentions. As most physical activity promotion strategies focus on health as reasons to be 18 active, the role of implicit and explicit evaluations on behavioural decisions to exercise may 19 inform future interventions.
Raaff, Carol Anne and Glazebrook, Cris and Wharrad, Heather (2014) A systematic review of interactive multimedia interventions to promote children's communication with health professionals: implications

Background: Interactive multimedia is an emerging technology that is being used to facilitate interactions between patients and health professionals. The purpose of this review was to identify and evaluate the impact of multimedia interventions (MIs), delivered in the context of paediatric healthcare, in order to inform the development of a MI to promote the communication of dietetic messages with overweight preadolescent children. Of particular interest were the effects of these MIs on child engagement and participation in treatment, and the subsequent effect on health-related treatment outcomes. Methods: An extensive search of 12 bibliographic databases was conducted in April 2012. Studies were included if: one or more child-participant was 7 to 11-years-of-age; a MI was used to improve health-related behaviour; child-participants were diagnosed with a health condition and were receiving treatment for that condition at the time of the study. Data describing study characteristics and intervention effects on communication, satisfaction, knowledge acquisition, changes in self-efficacy, healthcare utilisation, and health outcomes were extracted and summarised using qualitative and quantitative methods. Results: A total of 14 controlled trials, published between 1997 and 2006 met the selection criteria. Several MIs had the capacity to facilitate engagement between the child and a clinician, but only one sought to utilise the MI to improve communication between the child and health professional. In spite of concerns over the quality of some studies and small study populations, MIs were found useful in educating children about their health, and they demonstrated potential to improve children’s health-related self-efficacy, which could make them more able partners in face-to-face communications with health professionals. Conclusions: The findings of this review suggest that MIs have the capacity to support preadolescent child-clinician communication, but further research in this field is needed. Particular attention should be given to designing appropriate MIs that are clinically relevant.
Wind‐induced interference effects between twin tapered skyscrapers

Twin high‐rise buildings, that is, two closely located tall buildings with identical or similar geometrical features, are inevitably under wind‐induced interference effects. Most previous studies employed rectangular or circular prisms as twin tall buildings to investigate the interference effects. Therefore, these findings need further verification and modification for twin high‐rise buildings with more complex exterior geometries. This study uses wind tunnel pressure measurement tests to investigate the interference effects on typical twin super‐tall buildings with a tapered shape and recessed corners. Structural overall overturning moments and surface wind pressures applied on the twin skyscrapers are analyzed and discussed in detail. The interference effects on the twin skyscrapers are further compared with those on paired square prisms with the same height and footprint breadth. The results show that the interference effects on the twin tapered super‐tall buildings differ considerably from those on the square prisms, and the critical building configurations that need cautious treatment in the designs of twin skyscrapers are specified.
MEMS INFRARED RESONANT DETECTORS WITH NEAR-ZERO POWER READOUT FOR MINIATURIZED LOW POWER SYSTEMS

The demand for low-cost and low-power microsystems for spectrally-selective IR sensing has been rising with the proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) for applications such as security surveillance and natural disaster monitoring. As a result, there is a need for low-power, high sensitivity IR sensors with minimum deployment and maintenance cost that can detect trace levels of chemicals. This thesis reports on the first experimental demonstrations of passive integrated microsystems based on transmission spectroscopy using narrowband uncooled microelectromechanical resonant infrared (IR) detectors. Moreover, the MEMS-CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor) integrated microsystem can turn itself ON to quantify the intensity of infrared radiation when an above-threshold IR signature is present, but otherwise remain dormant with near-zero standby power consumption. The proposed sensor system combines the unique advantage of two recently developed technologies, namely, the zero-power nature of micromechanical photoswitches (MPs) and the high resolution of aluminum nitride (AlN) MEMS resonant infrared detectors, to achieve an unprecedented IR sensing capability. Thanks to the spectral selectivity enabled by the plasmonically enhanced thermo-mechanical transduction in MEMS structures, the proposed sensor system is capable of discriminating the spectral content of incoming IR radiation for the identification of events of interest. The prototype presented here is automatically powered up by the MP when the incoming IR
Development of a numerical approach for the prediction of thrust generated by a bio-mimetic propulsion system

ABSTRACT This paper presents a numerical approach for the prediction of thrust generated by a fish-type biomimetic propulsion system. We model the fish as a non-uniform Timoshenko Beam (TB) with varying Young’s modulus and moment of inertia along its length from head to tail. The non-uniform Timoshenko beam is assumed to be a cantilever with the fixed end at the head and free end at the tail and the corresponding mode shapes are determined. Based on the mode shapes, the thrust is calculated with respect to the input parameters such as wave velocity, propulsive velocity and wavelength. The method developed here is shown to be useful for the design of bio-inspired propulsive systems for marine vehicles and also for gaining a better understanding propulsive mechanics of a robotic fish. In results, the thrust delivered by the simple flapping beam is identified and the relationship between the non-dimensional frequencies is determined.
Evaluation Methods within the LibRank Project

This working paper describes methodological issues that have been determined within the research project LibRank funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG – Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft). The final methods applied may slightly differ from the descriptions in this paper, as adjustments to the research design had been made based on results of a pretest and the first evaluation run. Project results will be published elsewhere. This working paper has not been peer-reviewed.
A User Authentication and Identification Model Based on Mouse Dynamics

Most1 existing researches on identity authentication based on Mouse Dynamics require strictly restriction on experimental environment, and can only verify the legitimacy of the user without the ability to specifically recognize the identity of the impostor. To address this issue, we proposed an identification and authentication approach based on a weighted voting technology under an uncontrolled environment, which extracting both conventional statistical features and newly defined individual features of various operations. Two experiments are conducted with a dataset from 12 users. We obtained an accuracy of 84.1% in the identification experiment with an authentication time of 90s. In the authentication experiment, we get a FRR of 5.5% and a FAR of 8.8% with only 30s. Those noticeable results indicate the proposed method can be applied in practical environment.
Does Real Options Reasoning Support or Oppose Project Performance? Empirical Evidence from Electronic Commerce Projects

There is a consensus among scholars that real options reasoning is crucial for improving project performance but there has been little empirical support thus far; hence, we explore how real options reasoning may influence project timeliness, efficiency, and effectiveness. Our longitudinal analysis of 110 electronic commerce projects, drawn from new technology ventures, indicated the differential effects of real options reasoning on project performance. We find that higher uncertainty does not always lead to a greater use of real options reasoning. Although perceived environmental state uncertainty is positively linked to real options, perceived environmental effect and response uncertainty are not.
Identification of nutrient-responsive Arabidopsis and rapeseed microRNAs by comprehensive real-time PCR profiling and small RNA sequencing 1

Comprehensive expression profiles of Arabidopsis ( Arabidopsis MIRNA genes and mature microRNAs (miRs) are currently not available. We established a quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) platform that allows rapid and sensitive quantification of 177 Arabidopsis primary miR transcripts (pri-miRs). The platform was used to detect phosphorus (P) or nitrogen (N) status-responsive pri-miR species. Several 169 family pri-miRs as well as pri-miR398a were found to be repressed during N-limitation, whereas during P-limitation pri-miR778, 827 and 399s were induced and pri-miR398a was repressed. The corresponding responses of the biologically active, mature miRs were confirmed using specific stem-loop RT primer qPCR assays and small RNA sequencing. Interestingly, the latter approach also revealed high abundance of some miR star strands (miR*). Bioinformatic analysis of small RNA sequences with a modified miRDeep algorithm led to the identification of the novel P-limitation induced miR2111, which is encoded by two loci in the Arabidopsis genome. Furthermore, miR2111, miR169, a miR827-like sequence and the abundances of several miR*s were found to be strongly dependent on P- or N-status in rapeseed ( Brassica napus ) phloem sap, flagging them as candidate systemic signals. Taken together, the results reveal the existence of complex small RNA-based regulatory networks mediating plant adaptation to mineral nutrient availability. pinpoint miR2111s, miR2111*s, miR399*s, miR827 and miR169 as novel candidate for reporting P- or N-status in the plant system, and suggest an expansion of the miR2111 family in rapeseed.
Aberystwyth University The digital divide

This paper investigates the impact of broadband access on agribusiness in rural Wales and the resulting implications on entrepreneurial activity. Despite attempts by Government and telecommunications providers to develop widespread broadband coverage in Wales, concerns remain in relation to an increasing digital divide between urban and rural locations. Broadband is a key enabling technology therefore connectivity is significant, not only in communication, but also in the ability for businesses to innovate and grow. Wales is a predominantly rural country with 84% of the total land area in Wales being used for agriculture (Welsh Government, 2013). The food and farming sector represents a significant part of the Welsh economy, and is dominated by small businesses. Connectivity and increased use of technology are vital for these businesses to overcome location constraints and various industrial challenges, notably Brexit. The research uses survey data from 738 farmers and 107 food SMEs in Wales, with 19 follow-up semi-structured interviews. The survey results highlight issues of technology adoption, with 19% of farmers in the survey having no access to broadband internet, with others reporting the speed of connection being a limiting factor. The consequences of poor connectivity point to limited computer skills and low levels of soft technology adoption, a lack of engagement with social media, limited scope for innovation and restricted business growth, with 55.1% of food respondents identifying poor broadband access as a barrier to internationalisation. This has led to agrifood businesses adopting a passive approach to growth opportunities. The findings suggest that rural areas remain at a disadvantage due to poor connectivity, an issue that must be tackled by the Welsh Government to readdress the balance in the economy and limit a brain drain of skilled people moving to urban areas, often outside Wales. Support for such businesses is vital, particularly given the pressures and uncertainty in the industry, as broadband access represents an important enabler for future innovation and entrepreneurial activity.
ALGORITHM OF MORPHOLOGICAL CORRELATION-EXTREME NAVIGATION SYSTEM

— The paper deals with correlation-extreme navigation to define coordinates of unmanned aerial vehicles more precisely. Normalized morphologic correlation coefficient was chosen as criterion function. Images were processed with the help of intensity based and auto tracking methods. The comparison of these methods by their robustness and normalized morphological correlation coefficient assessment was done on the series of test images with different informative levels.