Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Transcription factors KNAT3 and KNAT4 are essential for integument and ovule formation in Arabidopsis.

Integuments form important protective cell layers surrounding the developing ovules in gymno- and angiosperms. Although several genes have been shown to influence the development of integuments, the transcriptional regulatory mechanism is still poorly understood. In this work, we report that the Class II KNOTTED1-LIKE HOMEOBOX (KNOX II) transcription factors KNOTTED1-LIKE HOMEBOX GENE 3 (KNAT3) and KNAT4 regulate integument development in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). KNAT3 and KNAT4 were co-expressed in inflorescences and especially in young developing ovules. The loss-of-function double mutant knat3 knat4 showed an infertility phenotype, in which both inner and outer integuments of the ovule are arrested at an early stage and form an amorphous structure as in the bell1 (bel1) mutant. The expression of chimeric KNAT3- and KNAT4-EAR motif repression domain (SRDX repressors) resulted in severe seed abortion. Protein-protein interaction assays demonstrated that KNAT3 and KNAT4 interact with each other and also with INNER NO OUTER (INO), a key transcription factor required for outer integument formation. Transcriptome analysis showed that expression of genes related with integument development is influenced in the knat3 knat4 mutant. The knat3 knat4 mutant also had a lower IAA content, and some auxin signalling pathway genes were down-regulated. Moreover, transactivation analysis indicated that KNAT3/4 and INO activate the auxin signaling gene INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID INDUCIBLE 14 (IAA14). Taken together, our study identified KNAT3 and KNAT4 as key factors in integument development in Arabidopsis.
Milnor Fibrations and the Thom Property for maps $f \bar g$

We prove that every map-germ ${f \bar g}: (\C^n,\0) {\to}(\C,0)$ with an isolated critical value at 0 has the Thom $a_{f \bar g}$-property. This extends Hironaka's theorem for holomorphic mappings to the case of map-germs $f \bar g$ and it implies that every such map-germ has a Milnor-L\^e fibration defined on a Milnor tube. One thus has a locally trivial fibration $\phi: \mathbb S_\e \setminus K \to \mathbb S^1$ for every sufficiently small sphere around $\0$, where $K$ is the link of $f \bar g$ and in a neighbourhood of $K$ the projection map $\phi$ is given by $f \bar g / | f \bar g|$.
Near critical catalyst reactant branching processes with controlled immigration.

Near critical catalyst-reactant branching processes with controlled immigra- tion are studied. The reactant population evolves according to a branching process whose branching rate is proportional to the total mass of the catalyst. The bulk catalyst evolu- tion is that of a classical continuous time branching process; in addition there is a specific form of immigration. Immigration takes place exactly when the catalyst population falls below a certain threshold, in which case the population is instantaneously replenished to the threshold. Such models are motivated by problems in chemical kinetics where one wants to keep the level of a catalyst above a certain threshold in order to maintain a desired level of reaction activity. A diffusion limit theorem for the scaled processes is presented, in which the catalyst limit is described through a reflected diffusion, while the reactant limit is a diffusion with coefficients that are functions of both the reactant and the catalyst. Stochastic averaging principles under fast catalyst dynamics are established. In the case where the catalyst evolves "much faster" than the reactant, a scaling limit, in which the reactant is described through a one dimensional SDE with coefficients de- pending on the invariant distribution of the reflected diffusion, is obtained. Proofs rely on constrained martingale problem characterizations, Lyapunov function constructions, moment estimates that are uniform in time and the scaling parameter, and occupation measure techniques.
Trends in ambulance dispatches related to heat illness from 2010 to 2019: An ecological study

Heatstroke is a serious heat-related illness that can even cause death. Heat alert systems play an important role in reducing the number of patients experiencing heat illness, as they encourage preventive actions such as the use of air conditioning, hydration, or other strategies. However, to date, the Japanese hazard classification has not considered seasonal and regional variations, despite clear differences in meteorological conditions across different regions in Japan. Moreover, several studies have reported a difference in thermoregulation between older and younger adults, implying that the hazard classification should also consider age differences. This study examined the relationship between the number of ambulance dispatches related to heat illness (ADRHI) and the Japanese heat hazard classification from 2010 to 2019, focusing on monthly and regional differences. Data from 47 prefectures during the 10-year period were collected and analyzed. ADRHI and wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) data were collected from Japan’s Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications and the Ministry of the Environment Heat Illness Prevention Information website, respectively. The findings showed a significant relationship between ADRHI and WBGTmax (p < 0.05, r = 0.74). ADRHI per 100,000 people showed significant differences across months. The post hoc test detected the first steep increase in ADRHI at a WBGTmax of 23°C than at 22°C in June, and at a WBGTmax of 26°C, 27°C, and 25°C in July, August, and September, respectively. Moreover, the first significant increase in ADRHI per 100,000 people at WBGTmax differed across each region, at a WBGTmax of 24°C in Hokkaido-Tohoku, 25°C in Kanto, Kansai, and Chugoku, 26°C in Chubu, 27°C in Shikoku, and 28°C in Kyushu-Okinawa. Further, Poisson regression analysis revealed that the relative risks differed across each region and month. These results imply that the hazard classification should be adjusted according to region and month in Japan.
Amenable minimal Cantor systems of free groups arising from diagonal actions

We study amenable minimal Cantor systems of free groups arising from the diagonal actions of the boundary actions and certain Cantor systems. It is shown that every virtually free group admits continuously many amenable minimal Cantor systems whose crossed products are mutually non-isomorphic Kirchberg algebras in the UCT class (with explicitly determined K-theory). The technique developed in our study also enables us to compute the K-theory of certain amenable minimal Cantor systems. We apply it to the diagonal actions of the boundary actions and the products of the odometer transformations, and determine their K-theory. Then we classify them in terms of the topological full groups, continuous orbit equivalence, strong orbit equivalence, and the crossed products.
Palliative Radiation Therapy for Intramedullary Spinal Cord Metastasis.

BACKGROUND/AIM The purpose of this study was to retrospectively review the outcomes of intramedullary spinal cord metastasis (ISCM) and identify predictors for ambulation after radiotherapy (RT). PATIENTS AND METHODS We analyzed 16 lesions in 15 patients treated with RT for ISCM at our clinic from October 2009 to April 2020 to evaluate predictors for improved ambulation following RT. RESULTS The primary diseases included nine cases of lung cancer, two cases of breast cancer, and several others. The RT schedule was primarily 30 Gy/10 fractions in seven cases, while others were applied to nine cases. The median overall survival time was 99 days. After RT, all seven patients who could walk prior to RT were still able to walk (100%), whereas only two of nine patients who could not walk prior to RT were able to walk (22%, p=0.004). CONCLUSION Ambulation prior to RT was a significant predictor of ambulation ability after RT.
Lysosomal TMEM9‐LAMTOR4‐controlled mTOR signaling integrity is required for mammary tumorigenesis

Dear Editor, Accumulating evidence suggests that dysregulated lysosomal membrane proteins, including vacuolar ATPase (vATPase) and themammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), are involved in tumorigenesis [1]. Therefore, lysosomal proteins were proposed as potential therapeutic targets in cancer [1]. As one of the lysosome-related signaling pathways, mTOR signaling regulates cell proliferation, survival, motility, andmetabolism [2]. SincemTOR signaling activation promotes tumorigenesis, mTOR inhibitors (mTORi), AZD8055 [3], MLN0128 [4], and Rapalink-1 (the latest third-generation mTORi) [4], have been applied to several cancers. However, the limitations of mTORi include drug resistance and the lack of biomarkers. Recently, we identified transmembrane protein 9 (TMEM9) as a positive regulator of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in colorectal [5] and hepatocellular cancers [6]. TMEM9 facilitated the assembly of v-ATPase, which induced vesicular acidification and subsequent hyperactivation of β-catenin-mediated gene expression [5]. Given the vital role of TMEM9 in vesicular acidification and lysosomal dysfunction, we sought to determine the impact of TMEM9-dysregulated lysosomes on tumorigenesis. Detailed methods can be found in the Supplementary file. To assess the pathologic relevance of TMEM9 to cancer, we first analyzed the TMEM9 gene alteration and expression. Among human cancers, TMEM9 gene amplification and upregulation were frequently observed in breast can-
Projective wellorders and the nonstationary ideal

Unter der Annahme der Existenz von $M_1^{\#}$ wird ein mengentheoretisches Modell von $\ZFC$ konstruiert in dem das nonstation\"are Ideal $\NS$ auf $\omega_1$ saturiert ist und in dem eine $\Sigma_4^{1}$-definierbare Wohlordnung auf den reellen Zahlen m\"oglich ist. Dieses Resultat ist optimal sobald eine messbare Kardinalzahl in dem Universum angenommen wird. Desweiteren wird, wieder unter der Annahme der Existenz von $M_1^{\#}$ ein mengentheoretisches Modell von $\ZFC$ konstruiert in welchem das auf eine beliebige, vorher fixierte station\"are, co-station\"are Teilmenge $A \subset \omega_1$ eingeschr\"ankte nonstation\"are Ideal $\NSA$ saturiert ist, w\"ahrend $\NS$ selbst $\Delta_1$-definierbar ist mit $\omega_1$ als einzigem Parameter.
Algebraic dynamics on a single worldline: Vieta formulas and conservation laws

In development of the old conjecture of Stuckelberg, Wheeler and Feynman on the so-called "one electron Universe", we elaborate a purely algebraic construction of an ensemble of identical pointlike particles occupying the same worldline and moving in concordance with each other. In the proposed construction one does not make use of any differential equations of motion, Lagrangians, etc. Instead, we define a "unique" worldline implicitly, by a system of nonlinear polynomial equations containing a time-like parameter. Then at each instant there is a whole set of solutions defining the coordinates of particles-copies localized on the unique worldline and moving along it. There naturally arise two different kinds of such particles which correspond to real or complex conjugate roots of the initial system of polynomial equations, respectively. At some particular time instants, one encounters the transitions between these two kinds of particles-roots that model the processes of annihilation or creation of a pair "particle-antiparticle". We restrict by consideration of nonrelativistic collective dynamics of the ensemble of such particles on a plane. Making use of the techniques of resultants of polynomials, the generating system reduces to a pair of polynomial equations for one unknown, with coefficients depending on time. Then the well-known Vieta formulas predetermine the existence of time-independent constraints on the positions of particles-roots and their time derivatives. We demonstrate that for a very wide class of the initial polynomials (with polynomial dependence of the coefficients on time) these constraints always take place and have the form of the conservation laws for total momentum, angular momentum and (the analogue of) total mechanical energy of the "closed" system of particles.
General static spherically symmetric solutions in Horava gravity

We derive the equations describing a general static spherically symmetric configuration for the softly broken Horava gravity introduced by A. Kehagias and K. Sfetsos with nonzero shift field and no-projectability condition. These represent 'hedgehog' versions of black holes with radial 'hair' arising from the shift field. For the case of the standard de Witt kinetic term ({lambda}=1) there is an infinity of solutions that exhibit a deformed version of reparametrization invariance away from the general relativistic limit. Special solutions also arise in the anisotropic conformal point {lambda}=(1/3). Moreover we obtain an implicit general expression for the solutions with N{sub r}=0 and generic {lambda}. In this context we study the presence of horizons for standard matter and the related Hawking temperature, generalizing the corresponding relations in the usual static spherically symmetric case.
Progression of Atrial Fibrillation after Cryoablation or Drug Therapy.

BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation is a chronic, progressive disorder, and persistent forms of atrial fibrillation are associated with increased risks of thromboembolism and heart failure. Catheter ablation as initial therapy may modify the pathogenic mechanism of atrial fibrillation and alter progression to persistent atrial fibrillation. METHODS We report the 3-year follow-up of patients with paroxysmal, untreated atrial fibrillation who were enrolled in a trial in which they had been randomly assigned to undergo initial rhythm-control therapy with cryoballoon ablation or to receive antiarrhythmic drug therapy. All the patients had implantable loop recorders placed at the time of trial entry, and evaluation was conducted by means of downloaded daily recordings and in-person visits every 6 months. Data regarding the first episode of persistent atrial fibrillation (lasting ≥7 days or lasting 48 hours to 7 days but requiring cardioversion for termination), recurrent atrial tachyarrhythmia (defined as atrial fibrillation, flutter, or tachycardia lasting ≥30 seconds), the burden of atrial fibrillation (percentage of time in atrial fibrillation), quality-of-life metrics, health care utilization, and safety were collected. RESULTS A total of 303 patients were enrolled, with 154 patients assigned to undergo initial rhythm-control therapy with cryoballoon ablation and 149 assigned to receive antiarrhythmic drug therapy. Over 36 months of follow-up, 3 patients (1.9%) in the ablation group had an episode of persistent atrial fibrillation, as compared with 11 patients (7.4%) in the antiarrhythmic drug group (hazard ratio, 0.25; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.09 to 0.70). Recurrent atrial tachyarrhythmia occurred in 87 patients in the ablation group (56.5%) and in 115 in the antiarrhythmic drug group (77.2%) (hazard ratio, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.38 to 0.67). The median percentage of time in atrial fibrillation was 0.00% (interquartile range, 0.00 to 0.12) in the ablation group and 0.24% (interquartile range, 0.01 to 0.94) in the antiarrhythmic drug group. At 3 years, 8 patients (5.2%) in the ablation group and 25 (16.8%) in the antiarrhythmic drug group had been hospitalized (relative risk, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.14 to 0.66). Serious adverse events occurred in 7 patients (4.5%) in the ablation group and in 15 (10.1%) in the antiarrhythmic drug group. CONCLUSIONS Initial treatment of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation with catheter cryoballoon ablation was associated with a lower incidence of persistent atrial fibrillation or recurrent atrial tachyarrhythmia over 3 years of follow-up than initial use of antiarrhythmic drugs. (Funded by the Cardiac Arrhythmia Network of Canada and others; EARLY-AF ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02825979.).
Efficient Computation of the Kauffman Bracket

This paper bounds the computational cost of computing the Kauffman bracket of a link in terms of the crossing number of that link. Specifically, it is shown that the image of a tangle with $g$ boundary points and $n$ crossings in the Kauffman bracket skein module is a linear combination of $O(2^g)$ basis elements, with each coefficient a polynomial with at most $n$ nonzero terms, each with integer coefficients, and that the link can be built one crossing at a time as a sequence of tangles with maximum number of boundary points bounded by $C\sqrt{n}$ for some $C. $ From this it follows that the computation of the Kauffman bracket of the link takes time and memory a polynomial in $n$ times $2^{C\sqrt{n}}. $
Prognostic Value of the Perioperative Systemic Inflammation Score for Patients With Curatively Resected Gastric Cancer.

BACKGROUND/AIM The systemic inflammation score (SIS) is a promising tool for the evaluation of prognosis. The present study aimed to evaluate the clinical impact of the preoperative SIS status in gastric cancer (GC) patients who underwent curative resection. PATIENTS AND METHODS This study retrospectively analyzed 258 patients with primary gastric cancer who received curative treatment at Yokohama City University. The SIS was evaluated before surgery as determined by the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (cut-off value=4.44) and serum albumin level (cut-off value=4.0 g/dl). RESULTS A high SIS was identified as an independent predictor of overall survival [hazard ratio (HR)=1.784, p<0.05] and multivariate analysis showed marginal significance for recurrence-free survival (HR=1.710, p<0.05). CONCLUSION The preoperative SIS score was correlated with both the OS and RFS of GC patients, as well as the clinical course of adjuvant chemotherapy. Thus, the SIS score is a promising prognostic factor for GC.
Absolute Continuity under Time Shift of Trajectories and Related Stochastic Calculus

The paper is concerned with a class of two-sided stochastic processes of the form X = W+A. Here W is a two-sided Brownian motion with random initial data at time zero and A ≡ A(W ) is a function of W . Elements of the related stochastic calculus are introduced. In particular, the calculus is adjusted to the case when A is a jump process. Absolute continuity of (X,Pν) under time shift of trajectories is investigated. For example under various conditions on the initial density with respect to the Lebesgue measure, m = dν/dx, and on A with A0 = 0 we verify Pν(dX·−t) Pν(dX·) = m(X −t) m(X0) · ∏
Nitric Oxide Scavenging and Hydrogen Sulfide Production Synergistically Treat Rheumatoid Arthritis

To restore the disordered endogenous gas levels is an efficient alternative for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Both insufficient hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and excessive nitric oxide (NO) contribute to synovial inflammation. Herein, a new block polymer PEG10‐b‐PNAPA30‐b‐PEG10 composed of an NO‐responsive monomer and a cysteine‐triggered H2S donor, which can simultaneously scavenge NO and release therapeutic H2S for RA treatment, is reported. In vitro experiments demonstrate that the polymer exhibits a synergistic effect on suppressing reactive oxygen species levels and pro‐inflammatory cytokine production via NF‐κB signaling pathway. It leads to the polarization of macrophages from M1 to M2 phenotype. Moreover, the released H2S further restrains NO production by suppressing the expression of iNOS. In vivo experiments with an RA rat model show that the system markedly mitigates the synovial inflammation, osteoporosis, and clinical symptoms of RA rats, which is attributed to the combination therapy of H2S release and NO depletion. This work provides new insight into the synergistic treatment of RA and endogenous gas‐related diseases.
Tropical Hurwitz spaces

Hurwitz numbers are a weighted count of degree d ramified covers of curves with specified ramification profiles at marked points on the codomain curve. Isomorphism classes of these covers can be included as a dense open set in a moduli space, called a Hurwitz space. The Hurwitz space has a forgetful morphism to the moduli space of marked, stable curves, and the degree of this morphism encodes the Hurwitz numbers. Mikhalkin has constructed a moduli space of tropical marked, stable curves, and this space is a tropical variety. In this paper, I construct a tropical analogue of the Hurwitz space in the sense that it is a connected, polyhedral complex with a morphism to the tropical moduli space of curves such that the degree of the morphism encodes the Hurwitz numbers.
Rational hemostatic management in cirrhosis: from old paradigms to new clinical challenges

ABSTRACT Introduction Patients with cirrhosis are at risk of both thrombotic and hemorrhagic events. Traditional hemostatic tests are inadequate to assess the complex and fragile balance of hemostasis in this setting, especially in advanced stages of disease such as decompensated cirrhosis or acute on chronic liver failure (ACLF). Furthermore, the indiscriminate use of pro-hemostatic agents for prophylaxis and treatment of bleeding episodes is still debated and often contraindicated. Alongside, splanchnic, and peripheral thrombotic events are frequent in this population and require management that involves a careful balance between risks and benefits of antithrombotic therapy. Areas covered This review aims to address the state of the art on the clinical management of the hemostatic balance of cirrhosis in terms of established knowledge and future challenges. Expert opinion The old paradigm of cirrhosis as a naturally anticoagulated condition has been challenged by more sophisticated global tests of hemostasis. Integrating this information in the clinical decision-making is still challenging for physicians and experts in hemostasis.
Medicinal plant‐associated rhizobacteria enhance the production of pharmaceutically important bioactive compounds under abiotic stress conditions

Interest in cultivating valuable medicinal plants to collect bioactive components has risen extensively over the world to meet the demands of health care systems, pharmaceuticals, and food businesses. Farmers commonly use chemical fertilizers to attain maximal biomass and yield, which have negative effects on the growth, development, and bioactive constituents of such medicinally important plants. Because of its low cost, environmentally friendly behavior, and nondestructive impact on soil fertility, plant health, and human health, the use of beneficial rhizobial microbiota is an alternative strategy for increasing the production of useful medicinal plants under both standard and stressed conditions. Plant growth‐promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) associated with medicinal plants belong to the genera Azotobacter, Acinetobacter, Bacillus, Brevibacterium, Burkholderia, Exiguobacterium, Pseudomonas, Pantoea, Mycobacterium, Methylobacterium, and Serratia. These microbes enhance plant growth parameters by producing secondary metabolites, including enzymes and antibiotics, which help in nutrient uptake, enhance soil fertility, improve plant growth, and protect against plant pathogens. The role of PGPR in the production of biomass and their effect on the quality of bioactive compounds (phytochemicals) is described in this review. Additionally, the mitigation of environmental stresses including drought stress, saline stress, alkaline stress, and flooding stress to herbal plants is illustrated.