Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Artificial Neurons Based on Ag/V2C/W Threshold Switching Memristors

Artificial synapses and neurons are two critical, fundamental bricks for constructing hardware neural networks. Owing to its high-density integration, outstanding nonlinearity, and modulated plasticity, memristors have attracted emerging attention on emulating biological synapses and neurons. However, fabricating a low-power and robust memristor-based artificial neuron without extra electrical components is still a challenge for brain-inspired systems. In this work, we demonstrate a single two-dimensional (2D) MXene(V2C)-based threshold switching (TS) memristor to emulate a leaky integrate-and-fire (LIF) neuron without auxiliary circuits, originating from the Ag diffusion-based filamentary mechanism. Moreover, our V2C-based artificial neurons faithfully achieve multiple neural functions including leaky integration, threshold-driven fire, self-relaxation, and linear strength-modulated spike frequency characteristics. This work demonstrates that three-atom-type MXene (e.g., V2C) memristors may provide an efficient method to construct the hardware neuromorphic computing systems.
Understanding the Role of Fibroblasts following a 3D Tumoroid Implantation for Breast Tumor Formation

An understanding of the participation and modulation of fibroblasts during tumor formation and growth is still unclear. Among many speculates, one might be the technical challenge to reveal the versatile function of fibroblasts in tissue complexity, and another is the dynamics in tissue physiology and cell activity. The histology of most solid tumors shows a predominant presence of fibroblasts, suggesting that tumor cells recruit fibroblasts for breast tumor growth. In this review paper, therefore, the migration, activation, differentiation, secretion, and signaling systems that are associated with fibroblasts and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) after implantation of a breast tumoroid, i.e., a lab-generated tumor tissue into an animal, are discussed.
Kurzschaft, Geradschaft, anatomischer Schaft: freie Wahl oder Empfehlungen?

Zusammenfassung Die Ziele der Hüftendoprothetik sind vielfältig. Neben dem Hauptziel der Schmerzfreiheit spielt vor allem die Primär- und langfristige Stabilität, die Rekonstruktion der Anatomie und die Wiedererlangung der Funktion eine entscheidende Rolle. Eine Vielzahl von Prothesentypen, die unterschiedliche Verankerungskonzepte verfolgen, ist auf dem Markt. Der folgende Beitrag will versuchen, die Unterschiede zwischen den Schafttypen aufzuzeigen und damit eine Entscheidungshilfe bei der Wahl zwischen den einzelnen Schafttypen zu geben. Der Geradschaft ist symmetrisch und verankert sich in Abhängigkeit von seiner Form sowohl meta- als auch diaphysär. Je weiter die Verankerung im diaphysären Bereich angesiedelt ist, umso größer ist die Gefahr des Stress-Shieldings. Der anatomische Schaft ist ein Geradschaft, der zusätzlich das Ziel hat, dem Femurmarkraum volumetrisch zu folgen bzw. diesen in der Form des Schaftkörpers als Gegenstück abzubilden. Damit soll auch die natürliche Krafteinleitung wieder hergestellt werden. Diese Passgenauigkeit hat aber auch ihre Grenzen, denn Femora weisen anatomische Unterschiede auf. Kurzschäfte zeichnen sich primär dadurch aus, dass sie eine geringere Länge aufweisen als die Standardschäfte. Wie die Geradschäfte unterscheiden sich die Kurzschäfte in ihrem Design und damit in ihren Verankerungshöhen, was wiederum Auswirkungen auf die Biomechanik hat. Neben den verschiedenen Schafttypen gilt es, die unterschiedlichen Morphologien zu differenzieren. Vor allem bei jüngeren Patienten findet man eine sekundäre Koxarthrose infolge von kongenitalen Hüftdysplasien, Morbus Perthes, Epiphysiolysis capitis femoris oder posttraumatischen Veränderungen. Auch ohne Voroperationen oder angeborene Deformitäten zeigen sich verschieden Formtypen des Femurs auch bei älteren Patienten, wie z. B. die Varianten nach Dorr. Der Operateur sollte daher bei der Schaftwahl sowohl biomechanische Aspekte als auch patientenspezifische Faktoren berücksichtigen, um den optimalen Schafttyp für den Patienten zu finden. Dabei sollten Primär- und Langzeitstabilität im Fokus stehen.
First reported case of neck abscess caused by non–typhoidal Salmonella in Sri Lanka

Non-typhoidal Salmonella species (NTS) are a well-known cause of food borne gastroenteritis. Invasive infections due to NTS are rare and usually reported in patients with underlying immunosuppressive conditions like HIV or diabetes mellitus. Transient bacteraemia which occurs in NTS infections could be followed by development of a localized focus in these patients. This case report is on a patient with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus who presented with fever and progressive neck swelling and was found to have abscess formation in the cervical lymph nodes. The isolate from the drained pus was identified as Salmonella species by a rapid identification system and confirmed as Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis at the National reference laboratory. Proper surgical drainage combined with appropriate antimicrobial therapy and good glycemic control helped to manage the patient successfully. This case report emphasizes the necessity of establishing the aetiology accurately as empirical antibiotic therapy for neck abscess usually targets Gram positive bacteria and anaerobic flora of the mouth rather than a Gram negative bacterial aetiology. This is the first reported case of neck abscess due to NTS in Sri Lanka to the best of our knowledge.
Determinants of Unemployment in East African Community Countries

The purpose of this research study is assessing the relationship between unemployment and its determinants for five east Africa community countries i.e., Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Rwanda & Burundi. Particularly, discussed are some economic variables and their significant effects especially in the long run. The study variables include; inflation, GDP growth, population growth and foreign direct investments in relation to unemployment. In order to achieve the research objectives, a methodology framework of panel autoregressive distributed-lag (PARDL) is undertaken. The study finds that a long-run relationship exists among all the variables. Moreover, GDP, POPL, and FDI are found significant to interpret the unemployment in the long-run whereas INF is found insignificant to interpret unemployment in the long-run. The findings also reveal that the tradeoff between inflation and unemployment in EACCs is in the short run and not in the long run. This study concludes that foreign direct investment and gross domestic product have negative and significant relationship with unemployment. Population growth has positive and significant relationship with unemployment and it contributes to unemployment while inflation rate has a positive and insignificant relationship with unemployment. According to the findings of this study population growth is the key determinant of unemployment in EACCs.
Detection of Anomalies in Environmental Gamma Radiation Background with Hopfield Artificial Neural Network - Consortium on Nuclear Security Technologies (CONNECT) Q3 Report

Environmental screening of gamma radiation consists of detecting weak nuisance and anomaly signal in the presence of strong and highly varying background. In a typical scenario, a mobile detector-spectrometer continuously measures gamma radiation spectra in short, e.g., one-second, signal acquisition intervals. The measurement data is a 2D matrix, where one dimension is gamma ray energy, and the other dimension is the number of measurements or total time. In principle, gamma radiation sources can be detected and identified from the measured data by their unique spectral lines. Detecting sources from data measured in a search scenario is difficult due to the highly varying background because of naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM), and low signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) of spectral signal measured during one-second acquisition intervals. The objective of this work is to investigate performance of a Hopfield Neural Network (HNN) in in detection and identification of weak nuisances and anomalies events in the presence of a highly fluctuating background. Performance of HNN algorithm is benchmarked using search data from an environmental screening campaign. One data set contained a 137 Cs source, and another dataset contained a 131 I source.
What She Said: Barriers and Enablers to Career Advancement for Women in the Nova Scotia ICT Sector

This preliminary research paper explores the careers of women in senior Information Communications and Technology (ICT) positions in a Nova Scotia (NS) context. Interviews with female ICT executives provide preliminary insight into the barriers and enablers to career advancement that they experienced. The research approach sets out a larger case study involving male and female executives from Nova Scotia and other non-Nova Scotia regions. The findings describe a cohort of female ICT executive who are generally happy with their careers and the impact that they have had despite the barriers that they encountered. Barriers that were identified included internal self-doubt, an unwelcoming male-dominated environment, lower compensation, limited social networks, stereotypes, and maternity leave. Career enablers were determination, self-promotion, accepting the 'bitch' label, networking, embracing work related travel, pursuing stretch assignments, sponsorship, accountability for diversity within organizations, family support, and changing social values.
A STUDY ON INFLUENCE OF DIABETES ON SHORT-TERM MORTALITY IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

1Assistant Professor, Department of General Medicine, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chromepet, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India. 2Assistant Professor, Department of General Medicine, Government Stanley Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Cardiovascular problems are a major cause of mortality in India, causing > 25% deaths. About 30% acute coronary syndrome patients had diabetes mellitus and 70% were above 50 yrs. of age. This study was carried out to know the influence of Diabetes on short-term mortality in Acute Myocardial Infarction in elderly patients.
Risk Based Audit oleh Satuan Kerja Audit Intern pada PT. Bank JAT

Based on Indonesia Bank Regulation Number 11/25/PBI/2009 about changes to the regulations of Bank of Indonesia Number 5/8/PBI/2003 which requires commercial banks in Indonesia to apply risk management in banking activities. The regulation requires banks indirectly push the activity of the audit process by applying risk-based Internal Audit (Risk Based Audit). Risk Based Audit is the audit that focused and prioritized in areas of high risk business segment. Implementation of Risk Based Auditing Standards refer to the Implementation of Internal Audit Function (SPFAIB) issued by Bank Indonesia and the Internal Audit Charter PT. Bank JAT. This reasearch aims to determine and evaluate the implementation of Risk Based Audit conducted by the Internal Audit Division (IAD) PT. Bank JAT is already in accordance with the standards of Bank Indonesia. Evaluation is conduct by distributing questionnaires to the Internal Audit Division (IAD) for the position, qualifications, work planning, risk assessment, and implementation of Risk Based Audit by the Internal Audit Division (IAD). Based on the evaluationl results of the implementation of Risk Based Audit in PT. Bank JAT, it can be concluded that the implementation has been in accordance with SPFAIB. Expected implementation of the Risk Based Audit is able to minimize the risk and incidence of irregularities that occurred in the activity of PT. Bank JAT. Keywords: Risk Based Audit, Internal Audit Division (IAD)
Two-way coupled meteorology and air quality models in Asia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of impacts of aerosol feedbacks on meteorology and air quality

Abstract. Atmospheric aerosols can exert influence on meteorology and air quality through aerosol-radiation interactions (ARI) and aerosol-cloud interactions (ACI) and this two-way feedback has been studied by applying two-way coupled meteorology and air quality models. As one of regions with high aerosol loading in the world, Asia has attracted many researchers to investigate the aerosol effects with several two-way coupled models (WRF-Chem, WRF-CMAQ, GRAPES-CUACE and WRF-NAQPMS) over the last decade. This paper attempts to offer bibliographic analysis regarding the current status of applications of two-way coupled models in Asia, related research focuses, model performances and the effects of ARI or/and ACI on meteorology and air quality. There are total 157 peer-reviewed articles published between 2010 and 2019 in Asia meeting the inclusion criteria, with more than 81 % of papers involving the WRF-Chem model. The number of relevant publications has an upward trend annually and East Asia, India, China, as well as the North China Plain are the most studied areas. The effects of ARI and both ARI and ACI induced by natural aerosols (particularly mineral dust) and anthropogenic aerosols (bulk aerosols, different chemical compositions and aerosols from different sources) are widely investigated in Asia. Through the meta-analysis of surface meteorological and air quality variables simulated by two-way coupled models, the model performance affected by aerosol feedbacks depends on different variables, simulation time lengths, selection of two-way coupled models, and study areas. Future research perspectives with respect to the development, improvement, application, and evaluation of two-way coupled meteorology and air quality models are proposed.
The effect of amaranth oil on autoantibodies in lupus prone mice

Background: Autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, can have severe impacts on quality of life. They are one of the leading causes of death for women in the United States. Distinguished by the body damaging its own tissues and organs, they are often classified and diagnosed based on autoantibody levels. Treatments often include immunosuppressant drugs, which can have adverse effects. Aim of Study: Amaranth is a good functional food candidate, possessing antioxidants, bioactive compounds, and a variety of health benefits, such as lowering cholesterol, and aiding diabetes and hypertension. Previous studies have largely focused on the grain or seed, but amaranth oil is less explored. This study examines whether orally administered amaranth oil had any effects on autoantibodies and splenic immune cell populations in murine subjects.Methods: Mice in the experimental group (n = 3) were given 4μl of amaranth oil per gram of mouse weight for 5 days a week over 84 days. Control mice (n = 2) were sham treated on the same schedule with no oil. To determine autoantibody levels, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were first conducted on wells pre-coated with double stranded DNA, single stranded DNA, histones, or double stranded DNA and then histones (nucleosomes). Autoantibody presence was quantified by measuring absorbance at 405nm. Splenic cell populations were examined with flow cytometry and compared using a student’s t-test. Results: Compared to the control group, the mice receiving amaranth oil showed decreased IgG and IgM histone autoantibody absorbance levels throughout the whole study. IgG dsDNA, ssDNA, and nucleosome autoantibody absorbances were lower than that of the control group for the first 42 days. IgM dsDNA, ssDNA, and nucleosome autoantibody absorbances were lower only for the first 14 days. There were no significant differences found amongst splenic immune cell populations between the control and experimental groups.Conclusion: These preliminary data show that amaranth oil may help decrease autoantibody levels in lupus prone murine subjects. However, given the small number of subjects in this study, further research is needed to confirm observed effects and determine the most effective dose and administration schedule. Keywords: autoantibody, IgG, IgM, histone, dsDNA, ssDNA, nucleosome, amaranth oil, immunoglobulin, lupus
Phenolic Compounds in Honey and Their Relationship with Antioxidant Activity, Botanical Origin, and Color

Honey has been employed since antiquity due to its sensory, nutritional, and therapeutic properties. These characteristics are related to its physical and chemical composition. For example, phenolic compounds are substances that can determine antioxidant activity, as well as sensory characteristics, and can be employed as biomarkers of floral and geographical origin. This has generated a growing interest in the study of phenolic compounds and their influence in the intrinsic properties of this beekeeping product. This review aims to summarize, analyze, and update the status of the research that demonstrates the role of phenolic compounds in antioxidant activity, botanical-geographical origin, and the sensory characteristics of honey. These phenolic compounds, according to various results reported, have great relevance in honey’s biological and functional activity. This leads to research that will link phenolic compounds to their floral, geographical, productive, and territorial origin, as well as some sensory and functional characteristics.
Enteral nutrition management in stroke patients: a narrative review.

OBJECTIVE We aimed to summarize the enteral nutrition (EN) management of stroke patients according to recent evidence. BACKGROUND Stroke patients have a high incidence of dysphagia, which is the main cause of malnutrition, and stroke with malnutrition leads to high recurrence and mortality. Insufficient food intake caused by dysphagia is the main cause of malnutrition in stroke patients, which is associated with poor prognosis, increased mortality, and deteriorated outcomes in patients with stroke. Dehydration is also worthy of attention. METHODS Non-systematic searches of the PubMed database were conducted to retrieve relevant English-language articles, and the CNKI and Wanfang database were searched for relevant Chinese-language articles. Fifteen recent guidelines or expert consensuses on the clinical nutritional management of stroke patients were published between 2013 and 2021, of which eight are from China. CONCLUSIONS Before providing nutritional support, swallowing, hydration, and risk of malnutrition need to be screened by a dietitian or professional. Although the initiation time of nutritional support is different in each guideline, tube feeding is preferable for patients with dysphagia. The appropriate dosage, formula, and treatment of complications need to be further studied. Also, nutritional support for stroke patients at different stages needs to be further improved. The continuous improvement and details of stroke nutrition guidelines contribute to standardized clinical nutrition practices and benefit patients.
Epilepsy and autism: How does age at seizure onset factor in?

SUMMARY Introduction. Three neuropathological conditions and two neurosurgical situations have been reported to present significantly earlier seizure onset in cases with autism than without. These are tuberous sclerosis, Angelman syndrome, the PCDH19 mutation, vagal nerve stimulation and epilepsy surgery. Method. We reviewed the case-report literature to determine the extension of this autism-specific early seizure onset effect across all relevant neuropathological conditions. Published clinical cases were collected fulfilling two inclusion criteria: age at seizure onset stated and presence (N = 1885 cases) or absence (N=4907 cases) of autism. We also documented the type and tractability/intractability of the epilepsy, genetic abnormality, neurologic syndrome, structural brain imaging findings and presence of intellectual disability when available. Results. Cases with autism presented significantly earlier seizure onset than cases without autism in 38 neuropathological conditions out of 162, including the previously established five. These 38 neuropathological conditions typically involved intractable epilepsy caused by focal cortical dysplasia located in the social brain, with the ictal or interictal electrical focus also located in the social brain. Within these 38 neuropathological conditions, in the cases with autism, the median seizure onset occurred between 50 days and 24 months after birth. Conclusion. Onset of severe seizure disorder during an early critical post-natal interval, caused by brain damage specifically located in the social brain, strongly associates with subsequent autism.
Systemic capillary leak syndrome complicated by laryngeal edema after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccination

Dear Editor, Systemic capillary leak syndrome (SCLS) is a rare disease characterized by episodic exacerbation of hypovolemia, hemoconcentration, and hypoalbuminemia due to capillary hyperpermeability. Although the overall pathophysiology remains unknown, transient endothelial dysfunction is believed to be associated with the disease. Systemic capillary leak syndrome is diagnosed clinically, often requiring exclusion of other differential diagnoses such as sepsis, angioedema, and anaphylactic shock. Exacerbation of SCLS could be life-threatening, leading to hypovolemic shock and multiple organ dysfunction as well as compartment syndrome and thromboembolic events as complications. Herein, we describe a patient who had an exacerbation of SCLS requiring intensive care after receiving a second dose of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine. A 60-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with a 1-day history of fever, dyspnea, and nausea. She received a series of SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations (BNT162b2; Pfizer-BioNTech), two shots given 3 weeks apart, with the second dose given 2 days before the visit. Her medical history was relevant to a diagnosis of SCLS, with a life-threatening attack of capillary leakage, complicated by cardiac arrest, that required intensive care. Her vital signs at presentation were: body temperature, 37.1°C; blood pressure, 81/60 mmHg; pulse rate, 122 beats/min; respiratory rate, 16 breaths/min; and oxygen saturation, 97% with ambient air. She was also alert, with oriented consciousness. Laboratory results showed an increased hematocrit level of 47% and a hemoglobin level of 15.1 g/dl. Nasal swab polymerase chain reaction testing for SARSCoV-2 yielded negative results, and imaging studies did not indicate an infection source. Although her hypotension and tachycardia temporarily resolved after a bolus of fluids, she continued to require a large amount of fluid, which made us consider SCLS possibly provoked by SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. She was admitted to the intensive care unit and required further resuscitative treatment with fluid and vasopressors. On hospital day 2, she developed hoarseness due to laryngeal edema and was intubated to secure her airway. During the first 24 hours, she received 12 L of fluids, but her hematocrit level and hypoalbuminemia worsened (Table 1). The increased fluid requirement gradually resolved after day 3, and she was extubated on day 6. She was discharged from the intensive care unit on day 10 and was discharged home on day 18. Adverse reactions to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination are usually local and mild; however, some serious reactions have been reported, including anaphylaxis, myocarditis, thromboembolic events, and Guillain-Barr e syndrome. Recent published reports describe acute exacerbation of SCLS 1– 2 days after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and suggest the