Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Evaluation of the Species Status of Bactrocera invadens and the Systematics of the Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) Complex

ABSTRACT The genus Bactrocera (Tephritidae) contains >500 species, including many severe pests of fruits and vegetables. Although native to tropical and subtropical areas of Africa, India, Southeast Asia, and Australasia, a number of the pest species, largely members of the Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) complex, have become widespread through accidental introduction associated with agricultural trade. The B. dorsalis complex includes several morphologically and ecologically similar pests, making species designations uncertain. One of these, Bactrocera invadens Drew, Tsuruta, and White, endemic to Sri Lanka, has spread across Africa in the last decade and become a major agricultural pest. We sequenced one mitochondrial and two nuclear genes from 73 specimens, belonging to 19 species to construct phylogenies and examine species relationships and limits within the genus Bactrocera and several species of the B. dorsalis complex-specifically addressing the placement of B. invadens. Results indicate the B. dorsalis complex is polyphyletic. B. invadens and several other species within the B. dorsalis complex (B. dorsalis, Bactrocera papayae Drew &Hancock, and Bactrocera philippinensis Drew & Hancock) are also paraphyletic with respect to each other and probably represent a single genetically indistinguishable, phenotypically plastic, pest species that has spread throughout the world.
Neurocognitive Changes Following Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment in Tourette Syndrome and Chronic Tic Disorder

Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome (GTS) is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by multiple fluctuating motor tics and one or more phonic tics. Various treatments have been administered with limited success to patients with GTS. For more than 40 years, the medication of choice has generally been neuroleptic medication. However, unwanted side effects often occur. For those patients, Cognitive-Behavioral Therapies (CBT) have shown some success. CBT is considered an effective adjunct to medication, but the cognitive and cerebral effect of CBT has not so far been explored within a GTS population. The current research focuses on the hypothesis that significant symptom improvements in GTS, following CBT, will relate to cerebral activity changes. The aim of our research program was to compare motor Event-Related Potentials (ERP) recorded pre- and post-CBT in a population of GTS. We recorded the electroencephalogram (EEG) and derived the ERPs of 10 GTS patients, matched with 14 controls on the basis of laterali.
How are IF-Conditional Statements Fixed Through Peer CodeReview?

SUMMARY Peer code review is key to ensuring the absence of software defects. To reduce review costs, software developers adopt code convention checking tools that automatically identify maintainability issues in source code. However, these tools do not always address the maintainability issue for a particular project. The goal of this study is to understand how code review ﬁxes conditional statement issues, which are the most frequent changes in software development. We conduct an empirical study to understand if -statement changes through code review. Using review requests in the Qt and OpenStack projects, we analyze changes of the if -conditional statements that are (1) requested to be reviewed, and are (2) revised through code review. We ﬁnd the most frequently changed symbols are “ ( ) ”, “ . ”, and “ ! ”. We also ﬁnd project-speciﬁc ﬁxing patterns for improving code readability by association rule mining. For example “ ! ” operator is frequently replaced with a function call. These rules are useful for improving a coding convention checker tailored for the projects.
Does the phenotypic selection affect the genetic structure and diversity? A study case on Walnut in eastern central Italy (the region of Marche) §

The Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.) is widely planted in western Europe, either for fruit either for high quality timber pro- duction. This tree is generally considered non authoctonous, probably introduced from East some 7000 years ago and spread by several ancient civilisations. The possible artificial origin seems confirmed by the low intra-specific variation and the higher individual variability recorded by several Authors as well as by the lack of natural populations. Indeed, only wider fruit cultivation areas or small groups, lines or isolated walnut trees can be recorded in Italy. The occurrence of walnuts in forest, escaped from cultivation areas, is very rare. Due to the increased interest of planters, walnut plantations have been extended several ten thousands hectares throughout all western Europe. As a consequence of that it was evident the necessity of selected suitable basic populations in order to supply high quality reproductive materials. The conventional method based on the organisation of a wide and exhaustive seed procurement from the native range to establish provenance tests is at the present impossible. Thus it is necessary to study methods of selection which consider basic materials growing within the western European range. This study is aimed to test the efficiency of the multi-trait Selection Index method, in preserving levels of genetic diversity and structures compatible with the standards observed within a reference system of extended Italian populations. As a consequence of the relatively recent introduction, the genetic structure of the species shows individual variation higher than inter-population diversity. Those genetic structure characteristics were revealed also during a survey of walnut resources in the region of Marche, central Italy. The survey was the starting point for selecting and preserving basic materials for high quality woody production, possibly interesting for forest nurseries in the region. The genetic variation of Marche's population, compared to a reference system of 7 other Italian provenances, was used as a base to establish a possible improvement strategy together with basic guidelines to manage those genetic resources. Indeed, the very important individual component of the genetic variation suggested to select directly superior phenotypes in view of establishing a comparative multisite progeny test network. No substantial differences were detected concerning the genetic structure of the Italian population, neither within the Marche population, neither in the phenotypically selected material. Homozygosity was always high, probably due to genetic erosion, isolation and adaptation to extreme conditions. Given this general situation in the Marche area, a special care should be payed in the management of walnut reproductive materials, in order to maintain sufficient levels of variation in plantations.
Physiological nutrient use efficiency of banana hybrids across agro ecological regions in Uganda

Banana is an important source of food and income for millions of people in sub-Saharan Africa and Uganda in particular. This makes it one of the most important food crops in the country. However, production is limited by both biotic and abiotic constraints. Among the biotic constraints, is the decline in soil fertility. In addressing some of these biotic and abiotic constraints, banana breeding programmes are developing and releasing new banana varieties with limited information of their efficiency to capture soil nutrients. This study was to establish the physiological nutrient use efficiency of three new banana varieties namely FHIA17, M9 and M2 at harvesting time. The study was carried out in 8 (eight) districts of Uganda. Soil and tissue samples were collected from already established banana plantations for analysis of N, P, K, Ca and Mg. Tissue samples were collected by destructive sampling. Means of nutrients within district were separated using the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at 5% level of significance (SAS, 2008). The nutritional status of bananas and the concentrations in various organs were, with respect to N, P, K, Ca and Mg, levels subjected to ANOVA. The relationship between plant content of the five nutrients and their concentration in the soil was determined by coefficient of correlation (r). The results showed no major significant nutrient use efficiencies between cultivars with FHIA 17 having the highest nutrient use efficiency. There were a few positive correlations between soil and plant nutrients. Key words: Nutrient concentrations, Banana cultivars, destructive sampling, nutrient interactions.
The effect of morphology of a legged robot on traversing rough terrain

When a disaster strikes a human-engineered environment, it can be difficult and dangerous for rescue workers to search for survivors. Collapsed buildings, fire and other hazards can make specific areas too dangerous to send in a human or dog. In this case, urban search and rescue (USAR) robots can be useful. Various researches have been conducted on small legged robots navigating over rough terrain. The design of these robots varies amongst researches, ranging from short four-legged robots to long flexible centipede-like models and even modular robots. Often, a new body morphology feature is tested by incorporating it in a new design and testing the performance of the robot on a rough terrain landscape. However, in this way the new feature is tested but not compared against other body morphologies on the same landscape. Therefore it is difficult to say which design is the most promising. In this thesis project, different body morphologies are tested and compared in simulation on various obstacles. A model of a modular centipede robot was designed, consisting of small bipedal units that can connect together and form a centipede of various lengths. Extensive simulations were conducted to be able to compare different connection types between the units (one or two active/passive degrees-of-freedom), and different robot lengths (changing the number of connected units). The results show that on a fractal landscape, adding degrees-of-freedom to the mechanical design of a modular centipede robot will not result in a better performance. Also, increasing the length shows only little improvement if the robots consists of more than 5 units. For a step or gap obstacle, an actively controlled pitch motion must be incorporated in the spine, preferably with a high torque. Increasing the length of a centipede robot with an actively controlled spine will enable it to cross a larger gap or climb a higher step. This thesis project has laid the ground work for the design of a new urban search and rescue robot using modular bipedal units. The results may be used as a guide for the mechanical design of such a robot.
Taming the Scientific Big Data with Flexible Organizations for Exascale Computing

The last five years of supercomputers has evolved at an unprecedented rate as High Performance Computing (HPC) continue to progress towards exascale computing in 2018. These systems enable scientists to simulate scientific processes with great complexities and consequently, often produce complex data that are also exponentially increasing in size. However, the growth within the computing infrastructure is significantly imbalanced. The dramatically increasing computing power is accompanied with the slowly improving storage system. Such discordant progress among computing power, storage and data has led to a severe I/O bottleneck for the advancing of scientific computing. While intensive research for the next generation storage is undergoing, a revolutionary upgrade to current back-end storage systems is not foreseeable in the near future. As a result, applications become more reliant on I/O software in hoping to alleviate the performance bottleneck through driving the storage system at its full speed. Efficient I/O for scientific big data is crucial for a successful transition into exascale for HPC. However, providing a high performance I/O at software layer is nontrivial. The large volume, high complexity and mismatch between the organization of scientific data and underlying storage system pose grand challenges for I/O software design. This dissertation investigates the characteristics of scientific data and storage system as a whole, and explores the opportunities to drive the I/O performance for petascale computing and prepare it for the exascale. To this end, a set of flexible data organization and management techniques are introduced to address the I/O challenges from five directions, namely system-wide data concurrency, in-node data organization, complex I/O patterns, time dimension analytics and asynchronous compression. For these purposes, four key techniques are designed to exploit the capability of the back-end storage system for processing and storing scientific big data
An Improved Personalized Recommendation Based on Purchasing Power and Browsed Images

Recommender systems have broad and powerful applications in e-commerce, news promotion and online education. Matrix factorization, one of the most popular methods in recommendation systems, has achieved promising results in both research and application. According to the psychological principles of human behavior in buying and selling, the rating behavior is influenced by subjective and objective factors. Current researches are focused on the influence of subjective preference on the rating behavior and neglecting the effect of objective conditions. User purchasing power, as an objective factor, runs through the whole process of shopping. The user's rating behavior is to weigh individual preference and own purchasing power; Moreover, little attempt has been made to extract rich information from the images the customer browsed while shopping. In fact, the browsed images reveal some subtle hints of the user's shopping options. In this paper, we first calculate the purchasing power factor of each user from the user's purchasing records. Then, in order to consider both subjective and objective factors simultaneously, we combine the influence of user preference with user purchasing power in matrix factorization algorithm. After that, to make full use of picture information, the sparse filtering method is applied to extract the eigenvector of the image the customer browsed. At the same time, a new strategy is proposed to refine the top-N recommendations. Experiments on Amazon product dataset show that our method has achieved significant promotion in terms of accuracy, recall and coverage, respectively.
AN EFFICIENT DESIGN OF LATCHES FOR MULTI-CLOCK MULTI- MICROCONTROLLER SYSTEM ON CHIP FOR BUS SYNCHRONIZATION

Speed is a very interesting feature of present time systems either it is electronic or mechanical. From a long time system designers are trying to speed up the system. There are many constraints for the designers as only speed of the system is not required cost, power, size and complexity should not increase up to a certain limit. Now in case of microprocessor/microcontroller speed is the main consideration. No one wants the lower speed microprocessor/microcontroller. Any embedded system speed is dependent on the speed of the processor. Early time processor designers were followed a concept of increasing the number of data lines. In the processor design first four bit microprocessor was developed after that eight, sixteen, thirty two and so on. But soon this concept was saturated as the number of lines increases up to a large extent. The complexity and power dissipation increases due to the increase in the capacitance by these lines. In the same way the concept of pipelining was also saturated after a certain design complexity level. So designers move to a new architecture that is the multi-core architecture. In multi core architecture similar microcontrollers are connected in parallel. These microcontrollers are connected to a common shared bus. So the speed of the multi-microcontroller architecture depends on speed of the interconnection network. This interconnection network is nothing but network-on-chip (NoC). So there is a need of synchronization of the buses of microcontrollers to common shared bus by means of arbitration technique. To synchronize the buses we need tri state buffers/latches. In this paper, we have explored several critical aspects in the design of the latches. Latches are required for the bus synchronization of multi-microcontroller system on programmable chip (MMSoPC).
Guiding Software Developers using Automated Adaptation of Object Ensembles Plug-in

Software developing process has been improving day by day. The development process can be affected through different ways like changing the development environment, strategies and upcoming technologies. In order to save valuable times and to speed up the process, we can guide programmer during the development time through providing relevant recommendations. There are some strategies that suggest related code snippets and API-items to the software programmers. There are some techniques that apply general code searching approaches and some techniques that employ online based repository mining process. But it is kind of difficult tasks to guide programmers when they need specific type conversion like adapting existing interfaces from the previously used types as per their demands. One of the familiar approaches to guide developers in such a situation is to adapt collections and arrays through automated adaptation of object ensembles. But how does it help a novice developer in real time software development that is not explicitly exemplified. In this paper, we have tried to introduce a system that works as a plug-in tool incorporated with a data mining integrated environment to recommend the relevant interfaces while they look for a type conversion. We have a mined repository of respective adapter classes and related APIs from where programmers search their query and get their result using the relevant transformer classes. The system that recommends developers entitled automated objective ensembles (AOE plug-in). From the investigation that we have done, we can see that our approach works much better than some of the existing approaches.
Learning by Comparison

It has always been considered a fruitful enterprise to compare objects, entities, or concepts with each other to help us put them into perspective within a universe of big and small, tall and short, light and heavy, cheap and expensive, troublesome and disabling, etc., and etc. In this issue of the Journal of Musculoskeletal Pain [JMP] a group from Boston (1), has compared fibromyalgia syndrome [FMS] with chronic low back pain [LBP] before and after cognitive-behavioral therapy. The use of such a comparison to “size-up” the two conditions against each other would not be a new idea. A common, relevant comparison in the medical literature has been that of rheumatoid arthritis [RA] with FMS because both conditions are painful and both are readily available to rheumatologists trying to better understand FMS (2-30). Literature reports of comparisons between LBP and FMS have been less common (3,31-36) and seldom have overlapped with RA. The unique aspect of the comparison between FMS and LBP, in the lead article of this JMP issue, was not that similarities and differences were identified at pre-treatment baseline, but that it was reasonable to utilize cognitive-behavioral therapy for both and to legitimately compare the responses. It is worth pointing out that identifying the ideal control for a given experiment is often the most difficult aspect of study design and may change with time. If the disease control for either of these conditions had been RA, the problem would have been that potent anti-immune therapy is mandated for active RA. Anti-immune therapy might have been substantially more effective than cognitive behavioral therapy for active RA. As a result, the direct comparison of a cognitive behavioral therapy program between RA and FMS could have been thwarted by an asymmetrical, but obligate intervention for active RA. The treatment of choice for a given condition can change dramatically with the disclosure of new information. For example, in the near future, anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha may become the treatment of choice for LBP associated with injury to an intervertebral disc (37-40), but at the time of this study (1), that was not a realistic consideration. Therefore, the LBP patients in this study were not being deprived of a dramatically effective intervention by trying cognitive behavioral therapy. Similarly, the dramatic anti-
Diagnosing quality culture

This master thesis aim to study the quality culture at Swedavia Airports, by answering questions such as “what does the present quality culture profile of Swedavia look like? ” and “how Swedavia should work with quality culture to establish a sustainable and successful quality management? ”. The project started off with a literature review, which covered several aspects related to quality culture and management. With the support of prior research performed by the Swedish Quality Management Academy, the authors then designed a survey with the purpose of mapping the current quality culture of the company. The result of the survey was then analysed and linked to the findings of the literature study. According to the survey, Swedavia’s quality culture seem to be centred around customer orientation and participation and cooperation, while continuous improvements and base decisions on facts had lower representations. Unfortunately, the survey results did not show statistical significance, hence its applications were limited. It did however serve as an opening for discussion. The findings show that culture is a complex subject with many levels, and while changes at the more superficial levels can occur, deeper levels such as values are hard to affect.
EXPLORING THE EFFECTS OF CONSUMERS’ NUTRITIONAL KNOWLEDGE AND INFORMATION INTEREST ON THE ACCEPTANCE OF ARTIFICIAL SWEETENER USAGE IN SOFT DRINKS

Together with the increasing health awareness levels of consumers’, artificial food additives have been highly criticized by the public. However, these kinds of sweeteners are still being used widely all over the world. One of the sectors that prefer mostly these kinds of sweeteners is the soft drink industry. High fructose corn syrup, which has been associated with serious health problems recently, is one of these additives which is highly preferred in the soft drink industry. Upon examining the situation, it is understood that there is a conflict between the implementations of the soft drink industry and consumer attitudes towards them. However, it is seen that the consumers’ perspective is not clarified enough empirically in terms of this issue. This means that the players of the soft drink industry have a lack of insight in terms of consumer thoughts and attitudes regarding artificial sweetener usage in soft drinks. Owing to this research gap in the literature and the importance of the subject in terms of consumer well-being, this study aims to explore the antecedents for the acceptance of high fructose corn syrup usage in soft drinks. To reach this aim, four research questions represented to understand how frequent consumers prefer soft drinks containing high fructose corn syrup, to reveal consumers’ attitudes and acceptance towards high fructose corn syrup and to understand how nutritional knowledge and nutritional information interest affect consumers’ acceptance specifically on high fructose corn syrup usage in soft drinks. To answer these questions, a structured survey was developed and conducted on 888 soft drink consumers who are aware of high fructose corn syrup in soft drinks as an additive