Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Neuartige konjugierte Polymere: cyclopentadithiazol-, und thiazolbasierte Polymere und Copolymere sowie taktische Polyfluorene

Im ersten Kapitel dieser Arbeit wird die Synthese eines 7,7-Dialkyl-cyclopenta[1,2-d:4,3-d´]dithiazol-2,5-diyl-Monomers (CPDTz) als neuer Baustein zur Synthese konjugierter Polymere beschrieben. Es wird gezeigt, dass die insgesamt neunstufige Syntheseroute mit einer Gesamtausbeute von beachtlichen 30 % durchgefuhrt werden kann. Aus dem CPDTz-Monomer wurden verschiedene CPDTz-basierte konjugierte Polymere hergestellt. Ein CPDTz-Homopolymer zeigt dabei, im Vergleich zum bekannten Poly(cyclopentadithiophen) (PCPDT), ein erniedrigtes HOMO-Energieniveau bei verringerter Bandlucke. Im zweiten Kapitel dieser Arbeit werden die Syntheseversuche fur regioregulare und regioirregulare Poly(hexylthiazol)e beschrieben. Dabei wird im ersten Teil des Kapitels auf Monomersynthesen eingegangen. Ein hier neu vorgestellter Syntheseweg ermoglicht die Herstellung von bisher nicht zuganglichen Thiazol-Monomeren und bildet daher die Grundlage fur die Herstellung von regioregularen und regioirregularen Poly(alkylthiazol)en. Im zweiten Teil des zweiten Kapitels wird in den Versuchen zur Polymersynthese von regioregularen und regioirregularen Poly(alkylthiazol)en gezeigt, dass 1. ) regioirregulares Poly(hexylthiazol) durch Polymerisation unter Yamamoto-Bedingungen und 2. ) HH-TT-regioregulares Poly(hexylthiazol) durch Polymerisation unter Stille-Kelly-Bedingungen hergestellt werden kann, jedoch mit geringem Molekulargewicht von bis zu Mn = 4.000 g/mol. Im dritten Kapitel dieser Arbeit wird die Synthese von isotaktischem Poly(9-alkyl1-9-alkyl2fluoren) beschrieben. Als Alkylketten dienen dabei Methyl- und Dodecylketten, zwei in ihrer Lange stark verschiedene Alkylketten. Die entwickelte Syntheseroute bietet die Moglichkeit, weitere isotaktische Poly(9-alkyl1-9-alkyl2fluoren)e mit unterschiedlichen Alkylketten herzustellen. Schlusselschritte der vorgestellten Methode sind die Herstellung von AB-Typ-Monomeren und deren enantioselektive Auftrennung mittels chiraler, praparativer HPLC. Mittels 13C-NMR Spektroskopie konnte gezeigt werden, dass die auf diese Weise hergestellten isotaktischen Polymere eine hohe Isotaktizitat aufweisen.
Demystifying the Factors Contributing to Successful Process Innovations in the Czech Automotive Industries

There is a need for firms to know the factors driving their process innovation. Knowledge of these determinants will help firms to withstand the tough market competitions from their rivals leading to growth and increased productivity. The purpose of this paper is to examine the determinants probable to influence firms process innovations. We focused on the automobile industries in the Czech Republic using data from the Eurostat Community Innovations Survey (CIS) conducted between 2012-2014 and the Structural Equation Model. Our results have shown that the main driving factors probable to contribute to process innovation in these industries were innovation expenditures, collaborations with different partners, engaging in research and development and innovation financial support. Contrary to the literature, we found out that firm’s competition in international markets didn’t have any influence on their process innovations. Practical implications are also provided for policymakers and management of these industries.
Some correlations between environmental parameters and the foraging behaviour of honeybees (Apis mellifera) on oilseed rape (Brassica napus oleifera).

The climate changes of recent years are affecting the foraging behaviour of bee colonies. We present correlations found between flight time of foraging worker bees, the quantity of food material harvested expressed in terms of hive weight, and meteorological factors (temperature and humidity). Bee colonies were monitored hourly throughout each 24 hour period using the BeeWatch Professional recording system. Monitoring was carried out during the oilseed rape (Brassica napus oleifera) collection period over a 13 day interval in 2018 and 2019. Results show positive correlations statistically significant (p<0.01) between flight time of foraging workers and temperature. The influence of humidity on flight time shows a negative correlation at the same level of significance (p<0.01). Hive weight is postively correlated with a mean temperature of 20.7 ˚C and negatively with a mean humidity of 65%.
Management Issues in Loan Syndications Banking

This article covers the key management issues in the loan syndications banking business. A syndicated loan is provided to a borrower by a group of commercial or investment banks. The global syndicated loan market is from one perspective, the primary funding source for corporations and on the other — one of the leading businesses for the global banks. There exist some unique challenges that must be responded by banks from a managerial and strategic perspective to establish and maintain leadership in the important business due to the features, structures, and industrial organisation of the market. We first consider how the loan syndications business is structured in a global bank, its functions and competitive advantages. Then we discuss the ways banks can implement an effective strategy and maintain leadership and growth in the market. Finally, we propose solutions to dealing with commoditization in banking: (i) adding more value-added services to the client offering; (ii) bundling of services in order to realize cross-selling opportunities and maximize share-of-wallet; (iii) further segmentation and customization of the client base (by industry/relationship/services consumption). By adopting these strategies, banks can successfully fight the commoditization magnet and increase the profitability of their loans syndications businesses.
Study of high breakdown voltage GaN-based current-aperture vertical electron transistor with source-connected field-plates for power applications

A GaN-based current-aperture vertical electron transistor with source-connected field-plates (SFP-CAVET) is proposed and investigated by means of two-dimensional simulations. This device is characterized by the source-connected field-plates (SFP) at both sides, which leads to remarkable improvement of breakdown voltage (BV) without degradation of specific on-resistance (Ron). Systematic analyses are conducted to reveal the mechanism of the SFP modulation effect on the potential and the electric field distributions and thus the BV improvement. Optimization and design of SFP-CAVET are performed for the maximum BV. Simulation results exhibit a Ron of 2.25 mΩ · cm2 and a significantly enhanced BV of 3610 V in SFP-CAVET, indicating an average breakdown electric field of more than 240 V μm−1. Compared with conventional CAVET, both BV and average breakdown electric field in SFP-CAVET are increased by more than 121% while Ron remains unchanged. And the trade-off performance of BV and Ron in SFP-CAVET is also better than that in GaN-based CAVET with superjunctions (SJ CAVET). In addition, the fabrication process issues of the proposed SFP-CAVET are also presented and discussed. These results could break a new path to further improve the trade-off performance of BV and Ron in GaN-based vertical devices.
Characterization of refractory soil organic matter in long-term agroecosystem experiments

The objective of this work is to characterize the refractory soil organic carbon (SOC) in arable soils, i.e. that C pool which shows very high turnover times. The experimental approach is the comparison of SOC in two contrasting treatments of long-term agroecosystem experiments: C-depleted plots, which are relatively enriched in refractory compounds, are compared with the fertilized counterparts at a particular site. Most of the refractory SOC is associated with fine separates (< 6 µm). The interaction of organic compounds with mineral surfaces is an important / major mechanism for stabilizing OC at the long-term in these separates. The refractory C of the investigated soils is relatively enriched in aromatic compounds. This can partly be explained by the presence of airborne contaminants (coal, coke). Wet chemical analyses revealed that the recalcitrant compound lignin is not stable at the long-term in soils. By contrast, polysaccharides (mainly of microbial origin) are subject to stabilization processes, and contribute to the refractory C pool.
Synthesis and Characterization of Bio-Based Polyester and Polyamide from Citric Acid and Mannitol

The present work is synthesis of biobased polyesters from citric acid and mannitol while polyamide from citric acid and diethylene triamine (DETA). Both reactions are carried by melt condensation polymerization technique. The products are characterized by FTIR for functional group conversion. The acid value also determined. The thermal properties are characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC).
One-Step Fractionation of the Main Components of Bamboo by Formic Acid-based Organosolv Process Under Pressure

To promote the efficient utilization of lignocellulosic materials, one-step fractionation by formic acid-based organosolv process under pressure has been studied for converting lignocellulose in its main components. Lignin and hemicelluloses were selectively dissolved, while cellulose was not obviously degraded. Under optimized conditions (85% formic acid, a liquor-to-solid ratio of 7:1, and a temperature of 145°C for 45 min), this process provided a high efficient way to separate the main components of bamboo, obtaining 42.2% cellulose pulp, 31.5% lignin, 8.5% hemicellulose-rich fraction, 3.56% furfural and 3.80% acetic acid. Cellulose pulp with satisfying viscosity could easily be bleached to a high brightness of over 87% ISO with a short bleaching sequence, and had an acceptable paper strength properties. The recovered lignin fraction contained a small amount of carbohydrates and a considerable part of proteins and p-hydroxycinnamates. Additionally, the organic substances in hemicellulose-rich fraction obtained was composed of 95% carbohydrates, most of which was monosaccharides, as well as 5% lignin.
Tuber Yield, Chemical and Nutritional Properties and End-User Traits among Cassava ( Manihort Esculenta Cranz) Varieties

Growth, tuber yield and nutritional quality attributes of ten varieties of cassava (Manihort esculenta) were evaluated on the field in Akure, in the humid rainforest zone of South-Western Nigeria. The varieties which were evaluated for optimum yield and end-user traits were: TMS 30572, TMS 4(2)1425, TMS 96/1632, TMS 98/0505, TMS 98/0581, TMS 98/0510, TMS 92/0057, TMS 01/1368, TMS01/1412, and TME 419. Data were collected on growth and yield attributes which includes plant height, stem girth, number of leaves and branches. The starch extracted from the varieties of cassava tubers were taken to the laboratory for analysis. The results showed that the varieties differed in most of the growth and yield attributes measured due to genetic makeup. The effects of variety were profound on some of the yield attributes of cassava; TME419 had the highest tuber weight which was 33% higher than TMS30572 which produced the highest number of tubers. The chemical and proximate compositions of starch from the tested Cassava varieties differed significantly among the varieties. TMS01/1368 had the highest N content; TMS01/1412 had the highest K, Na and protein contents but the least P contents. The results obtained were used to classify the cassava varieties evaluated. In terms of growth attributes (shoot biomass), the best three in terms of: plant height (TMS98/0510, TMS98/0581 and TMS30572), stem girth (TMS 4(2)1425, TMS98/0581 and TMS30572), branch production (TMS 01/1412, TMS98/0581 and TMS 4(2)1425), leaf biomass (TMS92/0057, TMS4 (2)1425 and TMS98/0581). For classification based on tuber and starch yield, the best varieties in terms of tuber and starch yield were: TME419, TMS30572 and TMS92/0057 and for starch yield were TMS98/0505, TMS96/1632 and TMS01/1368. The classification based on starch quality attributes to meet end- user demands showed that the tested varieties had high dry matter contents, low Hydrogen cyanide, fat, protein, pH and moisture contents which are best suited for bakeries, confectionary and pharmaceutical industries. Cassava variety TMS 0510 had high viscosity while TMS 98/0505 and TMS01/1368 had low bulk density and low fat contents. The TMS01/ 1412 and TMS01/1368 had relatively high β- carotene contents which can be recommended for women and infant formula for children to combat vitamin A deficiency. Key words: Manihot, Varieties, Tuber, Yield, Chemical, Nutrient, Quality, End uses, Traits
Annotation and Classi cation of Graphs of Property Values Reported in Material Science Literature

Building a system for extracting information from the scientific literature is an important research topic in the field of inorganic materials science. However, conventional extraction systems have a limitation in that they do not extract characteristic values from nontextual components, such as charts, diagrams, and tables, which provide key information in many scientific documents. Although there have been several studies on identifying the characteristic values of graphs in the literature, there is no general method that classifies graphs according to the property conditions of the values in the field of materials science. Therefore, in this study, we focus on graphs that are figures representing graphically numerical data, such as a bar graph and line graph, as the first step toward developing a framework for extracting material property information from such noncontextual components. We propose deep-learning-based classification models for identifying the types of graph properties, such as temperature and time, by combining graph images, text in graphs, and captions in neural networks. To train and evaluate the models, we construct a material graph dataset with different types of material properties from a large collection of data from journals in the field of materials science. By using cloud sourcing, we annotate 16,668 images. Our experimental results demonstrate that the best model can achieve high performance with a microaveraged F-score of 0.961. INDEX TERMS Annotation, figure classification, materials informatics, multimodal information, information extraction
Method and apparatus for the formation of particles

(57) Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for forming particles of a substance, and (a) the temperature and the first supercritical fluid into the managed particle formation chamber of the pressure (SCF) introducing a solution or suspension of the substance in the vehicle; (b) simultaneously, a collision flow of the second supercritical fluid (SCF) in the particle formation chamber in the flow direction of the first supercritical fluid using one or both of and (c) said first and second supercritical fluid; obliquely against and introduced towards it, thus increasing the amount of kinetic energy transferred to the solution or suspension substantially simultaneously, and immediately after substantially the introduction of the fluid into the particle formation chamber, said solution or suspension is dispersed, and to extract the vehicle from the solution or suspension; to provide a method and apparatus comprising at that.
Protection Strategy Implication for Users Inserted Images with Contents

Many of the matter discussing websites will transfer users to begin the concealment inclinations. Our jobs consume entirety in line with concealment Gestalt in a period collapse houses, support arrangements, also separateness search of internet icons. We tell a flexible concealment supposition structure to help users make confidentiality settings calculated for their figures to repeat common situation, drawing matter, too metadata as feasible indicators of user concealment predilection. The proposed plan will play pictures of user stamped, as well factors that guide confidentiality settings of perceptions for instance kick of civil setting counting individual characteristics and role of icon composition too metadata. The forecasted organization provides you with encyclopedic edifice to presuppose confidentiality advantages on endowment info created for much any stated user and includes two elementary hut such as Adaptive Privacy Conjecture-Social simultaneously Core. Adaptive separateness hunch core will publicize on analyzing of each one party user own drawings simultaneously metadata, instant modifying separateness guesswork-nice retain an evidentiary department possibility at the time concealment manner of user penetrable enhancement.
Finite dimensional Nichols algebras of diagonal type over fields of positive characteristic

In this thesis we classify the Nichols algebras of diagonal type with a nite root system over elds of positive characteristic. The thesis consists of ve chapters. At the very beginning we give an introduction for the entire thesis. The notations of the Nichols algebra B(V ) generated by a braided vector space V , the root system of B(V ), and the Weyl groupoid of B(V ) are introduced in Chapter 1 and so are some general results. In Chapter 2 we construct a semi-Cartan graph for Nichols algebras of diagonal type. In Chapter 3 we obtain the main properties of the semi-Cartan graph which are needed for our main classi cation theorem in the next chapter. In the rank two case, we characterize nite Cartan graphs in terms of certain integer sequences in Theorem 3.1. 14. In the rank three case, we obtain the possible re ections in the nite Cartan graph by analysing the possible 55 nite root systems in [15, Theorem 4.1]. To illustrate the possible re ections we give the de nitions of the good A3, B3, and C3 neighborhoods. We obtain that any nite connected indecomposable Cartan graph of rank three contains a point which has at least one of the good A3, B3, andC3 neighborhoods. The results are in Theorem 3.1. 14 and Theorem 3.2. 6 for rank two and rank three cases, respectively. Both theorems simplify substantially the calculations in Chapter 4. In Chapter 4 we formulate the main classi cation result of this thesis. All rank two and rank three Nichols algebras of diagonal type with nite root systems over elds of positive characteristic are classi ed in Theorem 4.1. 1. To simplify the classi cation result, in Chapter 5 we list all Dynkin diagrams of braided vector space V of diagonal type such that Nichols algebra B(V ) has a nite root system. Table 5.9 and Tables (5.6-5.8) are given for rank two and rank three cases, respectively. In order to have a better understanding of the re ections of such Nichols algebras we give Tables 5.10 and 5.11, which include all exchange graphs of the corresponding Cartan graphs in Theorem 4.1. 1.
Transdermal diclofenac potassium gels: Natural penetration enhancers, can be effective?

1 Department of Pharmacy, Poonch University Rawalakot, AJ&K, Pakistan. 2 Department of Pharmaceutics & 3 Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-e-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan. 4 Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy Gomal University D.I. Khan, Pakistan. 5 Department of Eastern Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of medical and health sciences, Poonch University Rawalakot, AJ&K, Pakistan. 6 Faculty Medical and Health Sciences, Poonch University, Rawalakot, AJ&K, Pakistan.
Using Mobile Health to Improve Mild Depression Outcomes in Adult Primary Care

Background: Mild depression is a common patient complaint in primary care, potentially impairing role function in multiple dimensions, at high emotional and economic cost to individuals, families, and society. Barriers to care include lack of access to Mental Health Specialists, financial constraints and stigma, all of which can cause escalation of symptoms to the point of disability and are magnified in underserved populations. Purpose: The primary goal of this quality improvement (QI) project was to improve depression symptoms using the evidence-based mobile app IntelliCare to deliver Cognitive Behavioral Treatment (CBT) as part of an eight-week treatment protocol. Methods: Mildly depressed adult primary care patients (PHQ-9 score 5-9) meeting inclusion criteria were asked to participate in an eight-week collaborative protocol in which they used the IntelliCare app at least weekly. Bi-weekly questionnaires were administered assessing patient symptoms, app usage and patient concerns. A post-intervention PHQ-9 was done at eight-weeks. Results: The majority of participants (67%) completed the protocol with a 53% improvement in post-intervention PHQ-9 scores which was statistically significant based by Wilcoxon MatchedPairs analysis (p<0.01). Implications to Practice: Willingness of patients to use the mobile health app IntelliCare with improvement in their depression symptoms support further study of its use in practice. Conclusion: Evidence-based mobile apps such as IntelliCare as part of a treatment plan for mild depression may help decrease barriers to treatment for depression and improve patient outcomes.
A review on medicinal plants used as anti-inflammatory agents

Medicinal plants are gaining much interest recently because their use in ethno medicine treating common diseases such as cold, fever, diarrhoea, cough and other medicinal claims are now supported with sound scientific evidences. Several plants with various properties have been mentioned earlier in the oldest Indian mythology Rigveda and Ayurveda, thus the use of medicinal plants in India dates back to 3500-1800 B.C. The inflammatory process may be defined as a sequence of events that occur in response to noxious stimuli, infection or trauma. Medicinal plants are used over the use of Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS). The main factor that limits the use NSAIDs is their gastrointestinal toxicity. The present review gives an introduction to some medicinal plants having anti-inflammatory activity, botanical name, plant family along with their common name, parts used, plant constituents, action/uses.
The preparation and antibacterial activity of cellulose/ZnO composite: a review

Abstract The infectious diseases caused by various bacteria pose serious threat to human health. To solve this problem, antibacterial agents have been widely used in people’s daily life to deactivate or kill these bacteria. Among the antibacterial agents, ZnO is one of the most promising metal oxide antibacterial agents due to its non-toxic nature and safe properties. To expand its application, many composites of ZnO have been widely studied. Cellulose, as one of the most abundant biopolymers, has many merits like biodegradability, biocompatibility and low cost. Thus, many studies focus on synthesized cellulose/ZnO. The synthetic strategy includes both chemical and physical methods. Many of them have been shown that cellulose/ZnO composites have excellent antibacterial activity and are environment-friendly and have many applications for example food packing, antibacterial fibers and so on. This review mainly discusses the preparation methods of cellulose/ZnO and their effect on the morphology and properties.