Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modified Double EWMA Approach for Mixed Product Run-to-Run CMP Process Control

Advanced process control (APC) has been recognized as a proper tool for maximizing profitability of semiconductor manufacturing facilities by improving efficiency and product quality. Run-to-run (RtR) process control with good quality and reliable performance for APC applications are most applicable. Chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) is part of critical processing module in semiconductor manufacturing. This paper proposes a new RtR control scheme, modified double EWMA controller (m-dEWMA), which is adaptive to the mixed product CMP processes. The m-dEWMA controller combined thread dEWMA with the drift compensation scheme to deal with the drift and shift disturbances caused by tool and products, respectively. Comparing recently mixed product control schemes: threaded EWMA controller, JADE control and threaded prediction correction controller (threaded PCC), the simulation results show that the m-dEWMA has better control performance than other controllers. The experiment results revealed that the m-dEWMA controller improves the wafer uniformity significantly in mixed product CMP process.
SOME CONNECTIONS BETWEEN AE TESTING OF LARGE STRUCTURES AND SMALL SAMPLES

Abstract It is possible to transfer results from laboratory specimens to field tests when the AE waves are measured and understood according to sound theoretical principles. There are several other advantages to measuring the waves. Various types of noise, ever present in testing situations, can be distinguished from the wave modes of interest by examining the characteristics of measured signals. This paper provides some basic wave propagation examples which equip the reader with the knowledge necessary to understand how to approach making a transition from all the database material already collected in certain field testing applications and put such testing on a firmer physical basis. For example, typical measurements of signal strength may be grossly in error. A way to prevent this is described. Reflections severely influence parameter data from laboratory specimens and must be eliminated in order to compare with field data where reflections are not as prevalent. In both laboratory and field tests it is.
Multi-objects recognition for distributed intelligent sensor networks

This paper proposes an innovative approach for multi-objects recognition for homeland security and defense based intelligent sensor networks. Unlike the conventional way of information analysis, data mining in such networks is typically characterized with high information ambiguity/uncertainty, data redundancy, high dimensionality and real-time constrains. Furthermore, since a typical military based network normally includes multiple mobile sensor platforms, ground forces, fortified tanks, combat flights, and other resources, it is critical to develop intelligent data mining approaches to fuse different information resources to understand dynamic environments, to support decision making processes, and finally to achieve the goals. This paper aims to address these issues with a focus on multi-objects recognition. Instead of classifying a single object as in the traditional image classification problems, the proposed method can automatically learn multiple objectives simultaneously. Image segmentation techniques are used to identify the interesting regions in the field, which correspond to multiple objects such as soldiers or tanks. Since different objects will come with different feature sizes, we propose a feature scaling method to represent each object in the same number of dimensions. This is achieved by linear/nonlinear scaling and sampling techniques. Finally, support vector machine (SVM) based learning algorithms are developed to learn and build the associations for different objects, and such knowledge will be adaptively accumulated for objects recognition in the testing stage. We test the effectiveness of proposed method in different simulated military environments.
INTERFACES NEURONALES Y SISTEMAS MÁQUINA-CEREBRO: FUNDAMENTOS Y APLICACIONES. REVISIÓN

Debido a la alta incidencia de personas en situacion de discapacidad motora y sensorial, la investigacion en el desarrollo de interfaces neuronales y sistemas de comunicacion maquina-cerebro ha tenido gran auge a traves de los ultimos diez anos. La construccion de estas interfaces requiere un trabajo coordinado de disciplinas como: fisiologia, ciencia de los materiales, instrumentacion y procesamiento de senales, inteligencia computacional, mecanica, electronica, robotica e informatica, entre otras. Todas ellas para lograr una correcta interconexion entre el funcionamiento del sistema nervioso, la construccion de electrodos biocompatibles, la obtencion de senales aptas para el procesamiento, la clasificacion e identificacion de patrones codificados y el diseno de los elementos efectores que den sentido a la interfaz. En esta revision se hace un recorrido por las tres etapas fundamentales de las interfaces neuronales: la deteccion de las senales, el procesamiento de estas y la amplia gama de posibilidades para los mecanismos efectores. Abstract—During the past ten years the Neural Interfaces and brain-computer communication systems area has become an important field for research, in part due to the increasing statistics of motor and sensorial disabilities. The development of these systems and interfaces requires the coordinated work of different areas such as physiology, materials science, instrumentation and signal processing, computational intelligence, mechanics, electronics, robotics, and informatics, among others. They allowed the right integration between the nervous system physiology, the construction of biocompatible electrodes, the acquiring of proper signals for processing, the classification and identification of coded patterns and the design of the actuators elements to finally achieve the goal of the interface. In this review the three basic stages of neural interfaces are shown. This includes: signal acquiring, signal processing and the wide variety of applications with the effectors systems.
Security Enhanced OPF with Transmission Cost Solution under Bilateral and Multilateral Transactions

In a deregulated electricity market, it is important to dispatch the generation in an economical manner. While dispatching it is also important to ensure security under different operating conditions. In this study intelligent technique based solution for optimal power flow is attempted. Transmission cost is calculated using Bialek’s upstream tracing method. Generation cost, transmission costs are combined together for pre and post contingency periods to form objective function. Different bilateral and multilateral conditions are considered for analysis. A human group optimization algorithm is used to find the solution of the problem. IEEE 30 bus system is taken as test systems.
Hydrodynamic Resistance Tests on a Scuba Diver

Drag measurements were taken for a diver wearing various standard free swimming and scuba dress while being towed in the Naval Academy 120 foot ship model towing tank. Resistance curves are plotted for simulated swim speeds and five diver dress configurations. It was found that there was as much as a fourfold increase in diver drag for the fully equipped diver.
Challenges for accurate reliability projections in the ultra-thin oxide regime

In this work, we discuss several important aspects of reliability projections, especially for ultra-thin oxides in a direct tunneling regime such as stress methodologies, the determination of projection parameters, and their dependence on stress conditions as well as their impact on reliability projection. Most importantly, we found that the Weibull shape factors and area dependence are key to understanding of the reliability limitations for ultra-thin oxides.
Low Cost AFDX End System Based on System on a Programmable Chip

AFDX (Avionics Full DupleX Switched Ethernet, ARINC 664) utilized in Airbus A380 and Boeing 787 represents a major upgrade in both bandwidth and capability; however some legacy systems are difficult to connect into the AFDX bus smoothly. A low cost AFDX end system based on SOPC (System On a Programmable Chip) is presented. A Xilinx Spartan 3AN FPGA is employed to build the whole system; and then a dedicated reduced Ethernet MAC controller for AFDX end system is designed; a MC8051 open core microcontroller is employed as the system controller and protocol processing unit. The whole design costs small FPGA resources and the experiments show that the designed AFDX end system works robustly and correctly.
Low radiation loss, broadband distribution feedback optical filter

As the bit rate of telecommunications has risen up to 40Gbps, the need for broadband integrated add-drop filters arises. Our implementation of such a filter makes use of distributed feedback structures. To achieve such a broad bandwith the device must exhibit high index contrasts. There is a special case for such a structure that is radiation free but unfortunately not fabricatable. We consider the more realistic case of air grooves etched deeply into a waveguide. This approach guarantees us large bandwith but unfortunately induces radiation loss. Specifically, to implement such a filter we need one or more resonant cavities within a distributed feedback (periodic) structure operating in the stopband and thus behaving as a mirror. This stopband is chosen below the continuum of the radiation cone, in the slow wave region, where the Bloch mode of the mirrors is still bounded and not radiative itself. Radiation is produced due to the mismatch among the modes supported by the input/output waveguides, the mirrors and the cavities. As a result of the input waveguide mirror mode mismatch the reflectivity of the mirrors is not frequency independent and too low. Together with the mirrors cavities mode mismatch this results in a very low radiation Q at resonance. In this thesis we first give an optimization algorithm for the proper design of a low loss mirror. It is based on trying to achieve mode matching for the periodic waveguide Bragg grating and the input waveguide. We then introduce a cavity and design it so that radiation from it is suppressed. The final result for a suggested filter claims a radiation Q of 600,000 for 40Gbps channels over a 300nm free spectral range. Thesis Supervisor: Hermann A. Haus Title: Institute Professor Emeritus
Temperature‐dependent transmittance of cascaded long‐period fiber gratings for sensor applications

We propose cascaded long‐period fiber gratings (LPFGs), whose synthesized rejection band alters in bandwidth and loss according to ambient temperature. By using an edge‐emitting light‐emitting diode as an input light source, temperature dependence of the optical power through the cascaded LPFGs exhibits either a positive or a negative temperature coefficient. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 1809–1811, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24489
Compact triple band antenna for WLAN/ WiMAX applications

A low profile printed antenna with triple band operation is presented for simultaneous use in wireless local area network (WLAN) and worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) applications. The antenna consists of a rectangular radiating element fed asymmetrically by a 50 Ω microstrip line and a shaped trapezoidal ground plane. Rectangular horizontal strips are attached to the radiation element to form different current paths which make the antenna resonate in WLAN and WiMAX frequency bands. The antenna operates in dipole configuration outlining overall dimensions of 38×30×0.8 mm3.
LADISPICE-1.2: a nonplanar-drift lateral DMOS transistor model and its application to power IC TCAD

A circuit simulation program (LADISPICE: LAteral Dmos transistor SPICE) has been developed for simulation and optimisation of power ICs which combine high-power lateral double-diffused MOS transistors with low-voltage logic and control elements on the same chip. This is a development of a previous static model and involves a charge-based dynamic model and a parasitic bipolar junction transistor model. These models have been incorporated into SPICE2G.6 source code and the paper demonstrates the excellent results. This new software represents an effective TCAD tool for the design and simulation of LDMOST power ICs.
A concept of optimal quality and an application

Abstract This paper develops a concept (and a model) of optimal quality so as to determine the level of quality that maximizes both customer's satisfaction and firm's profit. The concept, as developed in the paper, is meant to represent a benchmark for policies aiming to help achieve the optimum for both customers and firms. The paper presents an application of this concept in a private sector-dominated subset of the Turkish healthcare sector and explores the actual and optimal quality-differences in the sector in question. It turns out that actual and optimal levels of quality (as well as those of quantity) in the sector are fairly close to one another, and, to achieve the optimal levels, the sector should increase quality and reduce quantity of the service by a small determinable margin.
Fault Detection of Electric Motors Application Using ML Estimation Method

This paper proposes a new method of motor fault detection. ML Estimation is proposed as a key technique for signal processing. The stator current is used data for motor fault analysis. ML Estimation is generally applied to estimate signals for nonlinear model. The expectation is that the method can provide information for fault analysis. The method is tested on 3 different motor conditions: healthy, stator fault, and rotor fault motor at full load condition. Based on experiments, the method can differentiate conditions clearly and be also able to measure fault severity levels.
Adapting Optimal Operation Strategy for the Chiller Plant of a Semiconductor FAB

In a semi-conductor FAB, the chiller plant is a major drain of power among the supporting facilities. According to ISMI, the air-conditioning system consumes a quarter of the total electricity supply of a semi-conductor Fab, even more for some older Fabs. Thus, cutting down the power consumption of the chiller plant becomes extremely important to save energy. Therefore, a study was made to achieve 3% power reduction for the chiller plant. The purpose of this paper is to report the strategies used for the power reduction through testing, adjusting and balancing, and TAB. The strategies included: development of an experimental model for the chillers’ performance, the establishment of energy-efficient operational strategies, the enhancement of cooling tower energy efficiency, and conducting a full-scale experimental investigation. The development of this experimental model utilizes the ASHRAE Guideline 14-2002 as a tool, and is integrated with the BEMS system to perform a remote real time online energy auditing system, within which an intelligent operational strategy has been implemented.
Vibration Considerations For High Performance Camera Systems

High resolution cameras rarely perform as expected in aircraft, often due to vibration problems. Proper understanding and use of classical dynamics for the whole system from optical axis to aircraft is necessary to quiet vibration enough for good photography. Shock mounting is different from quieting. The statement, "We get better results without isolators," is actually, "We get better results without shock mounts. " Linear spring-mass-viscously damped systems are best, and if used, their performance can be easily predicted as shown. Passive vibration isolation systems will handle most problems. (Consider the automobile, the most successful example. ) What is needed is a very low frequency suspension with good viscous damping in all directions that isolates and damps all six degrees of freedom, three rotational and three linear.
Whole Grains: Definition, Dietary Recommendations, and Health Benefits

This paper is the first in a series that will be published in Cereal Foods World with the purpose of providing a unified grain health message. This installment focuses on whole grains. Whole grains are defined as “consisting of the intact, ground, cracked, or flaked caryopsis (fruit or kernel) of the grain whose principal components, the starchy endosperm, germ, and bran, are present in the same relative proportions as they exist in the intact grain. ” Dietary recommendations on whole grain consumption vary widely among countries and organizations and can come in three stages: first, a recommendation for the consumption of grain foods in general; second, the inclusion of a nonspecific reference to whole grains to encourage consumption; and third, a recommendation for a specific amount of whole grains in the diet. Upon recommendation, defining “whole grain” becomes important. Most academic and government sources abide by the definition put forward by AACCI and the FDA, but the definition can lose clarity wi.
Development and testing of prototype models for a high-performance 300 MW self-commutated AC/DC converter

A technical project is under way in Japan to develop a high-performance self-commutated power converter for future HVDC transmission and DC interconnection applications. In the first stage of the project, prototype power converter models for a 300 MW self-commutated converter were developed. The models were subjected to factory testing to verify the technology for series connection of a large number of gate turn-off thyristors (GTOs), a gate power supply from the high voltage main circuit and energy regeneration using snubber circuits. Satisfactory results were obtained.
A Piezo/Gear Compound Drive: Principles Analysis and Simulation

Increasing demands regarding the light-weight, high-torque and high-precision actuator are inducing the need for new actuators and new drive principles. This paper introduces a novel principle for transforming the linear motion of high performance piezoelectric actuators into continuous rotation is implemented by two piezoelectric actuators acting on a driving gear covering a driven gear with a slightly smaller diameter. By driving the piezoelectric actuators, the driving gear is energized to move on a circular trajectory around the driven gear which is thereby slowly rotated. Firstly, the structure and driving mechanism is introduced. Secondly, transmission ratio, the demand driving force and displacement are analyzed theoretically and by the means of simulation analysis. Finally, the bottlenecks of mechanism design and machining are presented. Some instructive reference for the structure design of Piezo/Gear compound drive is provided.
Building technology platforms and foundries for photonic integrated circuits in Europe

Progress and take-up of photonic integration is hampered by a too large variety in devices and technologies. Generic integration platforms, which support a broad range of applications and can be made accessible through foundries, can deliver the cost reduction needed for a broader take-up. Silicon is ideally suited as such a generic integration platform and can support large-scale photonic integrated circuits. The ePIXnet Silicon Photonics Platform was set up to offer access to high-end silicon facilities for research and prototyping and to help establish photonic foundry processes on the longer term, bridging the gap between research and the market.
Building services: maintenance systems and policies

Reviews a series of building services with an emphasis on maintenance systems and policies. Discusses commissioning as the hinge between construction and use. Explores the evolution in maintenance thinking and the relationship between the building and those who occupy it. Examines reliability‐centred maintenance, including time as a basis of maintenance, posing seven questions which lie at the heart of policy setting, and a procedure for implementation. Outlines the design/commissioning/maintenance link, advocating the use of a database abstracted from litigation, and analysis of failed buildings as a basis for design.
POTOCOLS OPTIMIZATION FOR IN VITRO PROPAGATION OF JATROPHA CURCAS

Jatropha curcas is a tremendous source of biodiesel with seeds containing 30-40% oil contents. The plant also exhibits diverse medicinal values, but Jatropha production is negligible due to fluctuations in weather causing seed dormancy. The micropropagation of this economically important plant is the basic requirement of present era to cope its high demands for biodiesel production. Applications of various phytohormones significantly increase the micropropagation of Jatropha . The present study reveals that MS added with BAP (1.0 mg/l) media produced seeds germination and shoot induction in the shortest possible time (10.18 d) and (10.60 d), respectively. , While MS media added with IBA (1.0 mg/l) presented less days to root initiation (10.64). The maximum germination percentage (73.49%) was recorded on media containing BAP (1.0 mg/l), while less bacterial contamination (1.61%) was recorded in MS plain media. MS media added with GA 3 (1.0 mg/l) exhibited the seeds germination in a very short time . The highest number of shoots (80) was found in MS supplemented with BAP (1.0 mg/l) in the seedlings. The MS media having 2, 4-D + BAP (0.5 mg/l) depicted maximum production of leaves-derived callus initiation (100%). Then the plantlets were subjected to acclimatization and subsequently transferred to soil that reached to maturity and produced normal seeds. The optimized protocols for micropropagation would be beneficial for the mass production of economically important Jatropha plant.
GPS travelling wave fault locator systems: investigation into the anomalous measurements related to lightning strikes

A new fault location system based on the travelling wave principle and capable of locating faults on power lines to within /spl plusmn/one tower span (300 m) has been successfully developed and applied to BC Hydro's extensive 500 kV network. Unlike earlier schemes which are based on impedance measurements, its accuracy is not affected by load conditions, high grounding resistance and most notably series capacitor banks. This system measures the time of arrival of a fault-generated travelling wave at the line terminals using the precise timing signals from the Global Positioning System (GPS). Operating experience with the fault locator on lightning related faults indicated highly accurate results were obtained for the majority of the cases. In a few of the lightning-caused disturbances, the system gave anomalous measurements. This paper describes the operation of the system, summarizes the operating experience and explains the observed anomalous measurements.