Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Signed Graph Laplacian for Semi-Supervised Anomaly Detection

Anomaly detection is a cutting-edge technology in the fields of healthcare and machine failure detection. It is well known that the performance of anomaly detection can be improved with more labeled data. However, it is common to predict anomalous and normal data in where are large unlabeled data and small labeled data. Generally, using a large amount of labeled data can lead to high accuracy prediction. However, the cost of labeling data is expensive, which can lead to challenges in anomaly detection. To achieve high prediction rate of anomaly detection, it is required to utilize a large amount of unlabeled data. The only way to achieve high rates of anomaly detection using both unlabeled data and labeled data is to use semi-supervised learning. However, if semi-supervised learning is used without data preprocessing, there is a limitation to obtain high detection rates. To perform effectively preprocess, we propose a scheme that leverages graph theory and semi-supervised learning to address the limitation. The proposed scheme uses graph Laplacian to get high accuracy in situations where there is little labeled data and a lot of unlabeled data. We further extend our scheme by considering friendly-antagonistic interactions into graph Laplacian, which is called signed graph Laplacian. We show that using signed graph Laplacian can improve the performance of our anomaly detection scheme. Furthermore, we evaluate our proposed scheme on a variety of validated datasets and show that it outperforms state-of-the-art semi-supervised anomaly detection methods.
Nitrogen‐fixing bacteria with multiple plant growth‐promoting activities enhance growth of tomato and red pepper

As a suitable alternative to chemical fertilizers, the application of plant growth‐promoting rhizobacteria has been increasing in recent years due to their potential to be used as biofertilizers. In the present work, 13 nitrogen‐fixing bacterial strains belonging to 11 different genera were tested for their PGP attributes. All of the strains were positive for 1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylate deaminase (ACCD), indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA), salicylic acid, and ammonia production while negative for cellulase, pectinase, and hydrocyanic acid production. The strains Pseudomonas sp. RFNB3 and Serratia sp. RFNB14 were the most effective in solubilizing both tri‐calcium phosphate and zinc oxide. In addition, all strains except Pseudomonas sp. RFNB3 were able to oxidize sulfur, and six strains were positive for siderophore synthesis. Each strain tested in this study possesses at least four PGP properties in addition to nitrogen fixation. Nine strains were selected based on their multiple PGP potential, particularly ACCD and IAA production, and evaluated for their effects on early growth of tomato and red pepper under gnotobiotic conditions. Bacterial inoculation considerably influenced root and shoot length, seedling vigor, and dry biomass of the two crop plants. Three strains that demonstrated substantial effects on plant performance were further selected for greenhouse trials with red pepper, and among them Pseudomonas sp. RFNB3 resulted in significantly higher plant height (26%) and dry biomass (28%) compared to control. The highest rate of nitrogen fixation, as determined by acetylene reduction assay, occurred in Novosphingobium sp. RFNB21 inoculated red pepper root (49.6 nM of ethylene/h/g of dry root) and rhizosphere soil (41.3 nM of ethylene/h/g of dry soil). Inoculation with nitrogen‐fixing bacteria significantly increased chlorophyll content, and the uptake of different macro‐ and micro‐nutrient contents enhancing also in red pepper shoots, in comparison with uninoculated controls. The population estimation studies showed that nitrogen‐fixing as well as total heterotrophic bacteria were also noticeably increased in soil and plant samples. The findings of this study suggest that certain nitrogen‐fixing strains possessing multiple PGP traits could be applied in the development of biofertilizers.
EfficientWord-Net: An Open Source Hotword Detection Engine based on One-shot Learning

Voice assistants like Siri, Google Assistant and Alexa are used widely across the globe for home automation. They require the use of unique phrases, also known as hotwords, to wake them up and perform an action like “Hey Alexa! ”, “Ok, Google! ”, “Hey, Siri! ”. These hotword detectors are lightweight real-time engines whose purpose is to detect the hotwords uttered by the user. However, existing engines require thousands of training samples or is closed source seeking a fee. This paper attempts to solve the same, by presenting the design and implementation of a lightweight, easy-to-implement hotword detection engine based on few-shot learning. The engine detects the hotword uttered by the user in real-time with just a few training samples of the hotword. This approach is efficient when compared to existing implementations because the process of adding a new hotword to the existing systems requires enormous amounts of positive and negative training samples, and the model needs to retrain for every hotword, making the existing implementations inefficient in terms of computation and cost. The architecture proposed in this paper has achieved an accuracy of 95.40%.
Clinical and radiological evaluation of a phyllodes tumor of the breast: a case report

Phyllodes tumors (PTs) are rare breast tumors characterized by varying biological behavior and heterogeneous clinical findings. As a result, accurately diagnosing PTs preoperatively is challenging, often leading to misdiagnosis. A 49-year-old patient presented with a steadily growing right breast mass that had persisted over a 10-year period. Breast mammography and ultrasonography results indicated the presence of a PT. Following a lumpectomy, the patient was diagnosed with a borderline PT. However, nearly 1 year later, she was readmitted due to the recurrence of a palpable mass at the site. Consequently, 1 year and 8 months after the initial operation, she underwent thoracoscopic lobectomy to address solitary lung metastases. Subsequently, the patient experienced brain metastasis and massive hemorrhage 14 months later. Long-term follow-up was recommended. This case study presents an instance of borderline PT with clinical and imaging features that are crucial for guiding clinical operations and evaluating patient prognosis.
Identifying Predictors of Functional Outcome after Stroke: Impact of Post-stroke Depressive Symptoms, Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Cognitive Impairment on Long-term Body Function, Activity and Participation

Background: Stroke impacts multiple levels of function. Few studies have examined the longterm impact of common post-stroke comorbidities, or examined multiple functional domains. Methods: Baseline assessment of depression, apnea and cognition with 2-year follow-up assessment of functional outcome including: Body Function (MoCA), Activity (mRS) and Participation (RNLI). Results: Long-term activity limitation was predicted by greater age (OR = 0.95), activity limitations (OR = 0.38) and cognitive impairment (OR = 1.28) at baseline. Body function impairment was predicted by greater age (OR = 0.96), fewer education years (OR = 1.19) and cognitive impairment (OR = 1.63). Participation restriction was predicted by activity limitations (OR = 0.48) and cognitive impairment (OR = 1.26). Of those with good mRS outcome, 54.4% were cognitively impaired and 51.6% had participation restrictions. Conclusion: Baseline cognition predicts long-term deficits across functional domains. Assessment of post-stroke cognition and greater attention to multiple levels of functioning is
The Factors Involved in the Sense of Subjective Wellbeing (A Survey of 250 Subjects)

Background: There is little question that a close relationship exists between level of happiness, mental health, andoverall success. The prioritization and order of life’s most important qualities significantly varies among individuals.In this study, we investigated what is regarded as the most important aspect of life and what things make peoplehappy.Method: We asked two questions in a short survey: “What is the most important thing in life? ” and “What makesyou the happiest? ” We recruited study subjects from Orange County, California and from a rural community inPanama during a medical missionary visit. The 253 adult individuals in this study were asked to rank the providedchoices from 1 to 5 based on their perceived importance.Result: 65% of the participants were female. Family was by far the most important aspect of life among all groupsand individuals (59% selected this as the first choice). This was followed by health (14%) and faith (13%). Familyranked significantly higher among females compared to males. Health was much more appreciated and ranked higherin older adults than in other age groups. The top three things that make people happy were the need to be loved,having someone to love, and a sense of financial security. When comparing data from an affluent region in US to arural sample from Panama, we did not find any significant differences in the importance of aspects in life or in thingsthat make people happy.Conclusion: In this preliminary study, we found that there is little difference in the things people regard as the mostimportant thing in life and the things that make them happy among different age groups or gender. In addition,despite thousands of miles of geographical separation and a very wide socioeconomic and educational gap betweenthe two population groups in our study, there was no significant difference between what people regard as the mostimportant thing in life and the things that make them happy.
On-Farm Egg and Meat Production Performance of Commercial Hybrids

AbstractThis study was carried out using progenies of 5 Parent-Stock (PS) chicken breedsintroduced from 3 European companies and 1 local breed. The imported PS wasDominant Red Barred (DR), Dominant Sussex (DS), Lohmann Brown (LB),Novogen-Brown (NB) and Novogen-Color (NC). Koekoek (KK), a dual-purposebreed widely adapted in Ethiopia, was used as a local control. Commercial hybridprogenies of these five PS breeds and that of the local control were tested for theiregg (females) and meat (males) production under on-farm management conditionsin Debre Zeit, Ethiopia. Egg production, feed intake, body weight, and mortality offemales were measured for 48 weeks for females and for 12 weeks for males. Atotal of 4200 females and males were evaluated, using seven replicated farmersper breed and sexes, in a completely randomized design. The analysis was donewith 50% in egg production (females) and 76.2% in meat production (males) ofthe participant farmers due to dropped out circumstances. The main parametersconsidered to compare egg production performance were egg production on theincome side, feed intake on the costs side and their combination, feed conversionratio (FCR). There was significant difference (P<0.05) among the hybrids, in henday egg production (%) and, body weight and feed intake (females and males). TheNB was the best in terms of egg production, with the lowest feed intake, higher eggmass and better FCR, followed by LB and NC, while DS was the least in eggproduction, body weight and other performance parameters measured during the30 weeks period. Significantly higher body weight of males (BW-M) and averagebody weight gain. (ABW-G) were recorded in DR, KK and NB (ranging from 1600to 1620g), followed by NC (1525g). Males of LB and DS had intermediate bodyweight (about 1400g). In summary, the males of all the commercial hybridsevaluated under the current on-farm trial were found to be the best egg producerstoo.
Diversity and occurrence of methylotrophic yeasts used in genetic engineering

Methylotrophic yeasts have been used as the platform for expression of heterologous proteins since the 1980’s. They are highly productive and allow producing eukaryotic proteins with an acceptable glycosylation level. The first Pichia pastoris-based system for expression of recombinant protein was developed on the basis of the treeexudate- derived strain obtained in the US southwest. Being distributed free of charge for scientific purposes, this system has become popular around the world. As methylotrophic yeasts were classified in accordance with biomolecular markers, strains used for production of recombinant protein were reclassified as Komagataella phaffii. Although patent legislation suggests free access to these yeasts, they have been distributed on a contract basis. Whereas their status for commercial use is undetermined, the search for alternative stains for expression of recombinant protein continues. Strains of other species of methylotrophic yeasts have been adapted, among which the genus Ogataea representatives prevail. Despite the phylogenetic gap between the genus Ogataea and the genus Komagataella representatives, it turned out possible to use classic vectors and promoters for expression of recombinant protein in all cases. There exist expression systems based on other strains of the genus Komagataella as well as the genus Candida. The potential of these microorganisms for genetic engineering is far from exhausted. Both improvement of existing expression systems and development of new ones on the basis of strains obtained from nature are advantageous. Historically, strains obtained on the southwest of the USA were used as expression systems up to 2009. Currently, expression systems based on strains obtained in Thailand are gaining popularity. Since this group of microorganisms is widely represented around the world both in nature and in urban environments, it may reasonably be expected that new expression systems for recombinant proteins based on strains obtained in other regions of the globe will appear.
Head, facial and neck cooling as per-cooling modalities to improve exercise performance in the heat: A narrative review and practical applications

It has been well established that athletic performance is greatly affected by environmental heat. Numerous studies have attempted to find reliable cooling strategies to improve athletic performance while exercising in the heat. Whole-body pre-cooling has been found to enhance endurance performance in both dry and humid heat. Nevertheless, positive physiological alternations induced by pre-cooling gradually disappear during exercise. Hence, there is a great need to find effective per-cooling strategies to improve athletic performance in the heat. Unfortunately, it is impractical to adopt pre-cooling approaches as a per-cooling modality to improve athletic performance due to inherent issues of practicality. Thus, a narrative review was conducted to examine the impact of head, neck and facial cooling on athletic performance in the heat. Based on current evidences, head, neck and facial cooling could greatly decrease local skin temperature at those areas where cooling was applied and thereby, local perceptual sensations were greatly enhanced. Neck cooling during exercise is found effective to improve athletic performance for both endurance and team sports athletes in the heat. Besides, neck cooling is preferred over the head, facial & combined head, facial and neck cooling for both endurance and team sport athletes in the heat from a practical application viewpoint. Research is lacking on the systematically selection of per-cooling modalities to improve athletic performance based on environmental conditions and nature of the sports activity. In addition, powerful but portable head, neck and facial cooling systems are urgently required to help athletes improving performance in the heat.
Wideband Signal Acquisition via Frequency-Interleaved Sampling

Author(s): Callender, Steven William | Advisor(s): Niknejad, Ali M | Abstract: High-speed analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) are key enabling blocks for emerging wideband applications in communication, high-end instrumentation, and medical imaging. Larger signaling bandwidth improves system performance and necessitates high-speed ADCs for accurate digitization. As an example, current state-of-the-art oscilloscopes have an acquisition bandwidth exceeding 60GHz with effective sample rates greater than 100GS/s. This places significant difficulty in the design of sample-and-hold (S/H) and analog-to-digital conversion circuitry that can operate at such high speeds while providing moderate resolution. As a result, the front-end of these systems are often complex, multi-chip solutions that are fabricated in expensive processes such as indium-phosphide (InP). With the increased demand for battery-operable, low-power systems it is desirable to have these high-performance signal acquisition systems in a fully-integrated CMOS implementation in order to harness the power of scaling as dictated by Moore's law. To achieve this, several advancements on current data conversion techniques need to be made.In this thesis, we explore the design and optimization of a frequency-interleaved ADC (FI-ADC) as an alternative to conventional high-speed ADC architectures, which are often heavily time-interleaved. Due to the large interleaving factor and timing sensitivity, the conventional architectures are often very power hungry and offer typical resolutions of 4 bits or less. FI-ADCs, in which the input signal is divided into various frequency bands which are independently digitized and digitally recombined, show less susceptibility to jitter, the primary bottleneck in high-speed ADCs. System simulations have shown a potential improvement in SNR performance for a frequency-interleaved ADC versus a direct sampling, time-interleaved architecture. The focus of this thesis is to provide a fundamental understanding of the operation of the FI-ADC and investigate the similarities and differences to the conventional time-interleaved ADC in respect to design complexity, design challenges and overall performance.
A simple first order compensator for brushless direct current drive based position control system

Brushless direct current (BLDC) motors have advantages viz. high torque per weight, high torque per watt, increased reliability, reduced noise and a longer lifetime. A BLDC motor is an electronically commutated motor. Electronic commutation is sparkless because it does not involve any mechanical commutator and brush. It also eliminates electromagnetic interference. Because of these advantages, BLDC motors can also be used in hazardous environments. They find wide applications in industrial positioning and actuation. The wider usage of BLDC motors demands optimum position control in such applications for high efficiency, accuracy and reliability. A first order compensated BLDC drive is proposed in this paper to achieve effective position control. Simulation results at different loads clearly reveal that the proposed first order compensated BLDC drive system could yield comparable results with a proportional integral derivative controlled BLDC drive system. A proposed first order compensator is designed using analog components and the experimental results of compensated BLDC drive system are obtained to show the usefulness of the compensator for effective position control.
Nanomaterial Complexes Enriched With Natural Compounds Used in Cancer Therapies: A Perspective for Clinical Application

Resveratrol and quercetin are natural compounds contained in many foods and beverages. Reports indicate implications for the health of the general population; on the other hand the use of both compounds has interesting results for the treatment of many diseases as cardiovascular affections, diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, viral and bacterial infections among others. Based on their capacities described as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-aging, resveratrol and quercetin showed antiproliferative and anticancer activity specifically in maligned cells. These molecular characteristics trigger the pharmacological repurposing of both compounds and improved its research for treating different cancer types with interesting results at in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trial studies. Meanwhile, the development of different systems of drug release in specific sites as nanomaterials and specifically the nanoparticles, potentiates the personal treatment perspective in conjunct with the actual cancer therapies; regularly invasive and aggressive, the perspective of nanomedicine as higher effective and lower invasive has gained popularity. Knowledge of molecular interactions of resveratrol and quercetin in diseases confirms the evidence of multiple benefits, while the multiple analyses suggested a positive response for the treatment and diagnostics of cancer in different stages, including at metastatic stage. The present work reviews the reports related to the impact of resveratrol and quercetin in cancer treatment and its effects when the antioxidants are encapsulated in different nanoparticle systems, which improve the prospects of cancer treatment.
Mesoscale Self-Assembly: Capillary Interactions When Positive and Negative Menisci Have Similar Amplitudes

This paper describes the two-dimensional self-assembly of hexagonal plates at the interface between perfluorodecalin and water. The plates were prepared with five different permutations of hydrophobic and hydrophilic faces. The shapes and amplitudes of the menisci that form on the faces of the plates determine the magnitude of the lateral capillary forces through which they interact. The amplitudes of the menisci also influencethrough their out-of-plane componentsthe position and orientation of the plate relative to the plane of the liquid−liquid interface. In these experiments, the plates were made of poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) (ρ = 1.05 g/cm3) containing aluminum oxide (ρ = 4.00 g/cm3); this dopant adjusted the density of the plates, the extent to which they sank into the liquid−liquid interface, and thus the structure of their menisci. The plates studied had densities of 1.05 to 1.86 g/cm3. This work complements previous papers (Bowden, N. ; Choi I. S. ; Grzybowski, B. A. ; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Che.
Representativeness, Relevance, and the Use of Feelings in Decision Making

It has been suggested that evaluations may be based on a "How-do-I-feel-about-it? " heuristic, which involves holding a representation of the target in mind and inspecting feelings that this representation may elicit. Previous studies have shown that reliance on such feelings depends on whether or not they are believed to be representative of the target. This article argues that reliance on feelings also depends on whether feelings toward the target are regarded as relevant. Consistent with this thesis, findings from three experiments indicate that reliance on the "How-do-I-feel-about-it? " heuristic is more likely when the decision maker has consummatory as opposed to instrumental motives. Results also suggest that subtle feelings toward the target are indeed instantiated in the process, and that the process may be more likely among individuals with a propensity to process information in a visual and sensory manner. Copyright 1998 by the University of Chicago.