Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Biologie et génétique des populations d'une espèce invasive : le cas du vison d'Amérique (mustela vison Schreber, 1777) en Bretagne

Les invasions biologiques representent la deuxieme cause de perte de la biodiversite et participent aux changements environnementaux globaux. Parmi les especes exotiques presentes sur le continent europeen, le Vison d'Amerique (Mustela vison) a ete introduit dans les annees 1920 pour l'elevage pelletier. Des individus echappes d'elevage ou deliberement relâches ont fonde des populations ferales dans divers pays europeens, representant une serieuse menace pour la faune autochtone. L'objectif de cette these est d'apprehender le fonctionnement de la population ferale de Vison d'Amerique installee en Bretagne. Dans un premier temps, nous nous sommes interesses a la repartition, aux densites de population ainsi qu'aux parametres demographiques de la population. Nous avons determine que la population ferale de Vison d'Amerique en Bretagne manifeste toutes les caracteristiques d'une espece invasive. Une etude experimentale a ensuite ete menee pour tenter de quantifier l'impact de la presence de M. vison sur la faune autochtone. Cette etude a permis de souligner que les effets d'un predateur introduit a court terme peuvent etre moins evidents que presupposes. Enfin, nous nous sommes interesses a la structuration genetique de la population et avons compare la variabilite presente en Bretagne a celle d'autres populations ferales europeennes et des populations d'origine en Amerique du Nord. Une forte structuration genetique a ete observee en Bretagne, et la presence de zones de contact et de melange entre pools genetiques differencies a ete detectee. Ces resultats sont discutes dans une perspective de gestion a long terme des populations invasives de Vison d'Amerique
The clinical terrain of immunotherapies in heterogeneous pancreatic cancer: unravelling challenges and opportunities

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most common and aggressive type of pancreatic cancer and has abysmal survival rates. In the past two decades, immunotherapeutic agents with success in other cancer types have gradually been trialled against PDACs at different stages of cancer progression, either as a monotherapy or in combination with chemotherapy. Unfortunately, to this day, chemotherapy still prolongs the survival rates the most and is prescribed in clinics despite the severe side effects in other cancer types. The low success rates of immunotherapy against PDAC have been attributed most frequently to its complex and multi‐faceted tumour microenvironment (TME) and low mutational burden. In this review, we give a comprehensive overview of the immunotherapies tested in PDAC clinical trials thus far, their limitations, and potential explanations for their failure. We also discuss the existing classification of heterogenous PDACs into cancer, cancer‐associated fibroblast, and immune subtypes and their potential opportunity in patient selection as a form of personalisation of PDAC immunotherapy. © 2023 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
The study of the Fauresmith: a review

The Fauresmith is an enigmatic South African stone tool industry, or culture, which many believe to be transitional between the Earlier and Middle Stone Ages. However, there is no consensus on its content or in fact, universal agreement on its existence. Over the past few years, absolute dating has been undertaken on sediments containing material labelled as Fauresmith. This has challenged its transitional status, but also exacerbated its use as a chrono-temporal marker. This is further complicating an already confused issue. Attempts at clarifying the Fauresmith are still ongoing, and offered here is an historical overview of its study since its first discovery. Presented is a review of the original classification proposed by Goodwin and Van Riet Lowe, its changing interpretation during the development of archaeology within South Africa, and the eventual abandonment of the term due to its misuse. Attention shall then turn to the more recent resurrection of the term and the added levels of confusion that have arisen since this time. This review of the study of the Fauresmith can offer explanations as to how we have arrived at the present state of confusion, allowing us to move towards a firmer understanding of the Fauresmith and its place within the archaeology of South Africa.
Non‐theatre emergency airway management: a multicentre prospective observational study

Emergency airway management events are common, unpredictable and associated with high complication rates. This multicentre prospective observational study across eight acute NHS hospitals in southeast England reports the incidence and nature of non‐theatre emergency airway management events. Data were collected from non‐theatre emergency airway management, including adverse events, over a continuous 28‐day window, and recorded on an electronic case report form. Events were classified according to type (advanced airway; simple airway; and cardiac arrest). A total of 166 events were recorded, with 111 advanced airway events involving tracheal intubation or tracheostomy management. Senior personnel with three or more years of airway management experience were present for 105/111 (95%) advanced airway management episodes. There was a significant reduction in consultant or equivalent presence out‐of‐hours (21/64, 33%) vs. in‐hours (34/47, 72%) (p < 0.001). We found high utilisation of videolaryngoscopy (95/106, 90%) and universal use of capnography for all advanced airway management events. This was lower during cardiac arrest when videolaryngoscopy was used in 11/16 (69%) of tracheal intubations and capnography in 21/32 (66%) of all cardiac arrest episodes. Adverse outcomes during advanced airway management (excluding during cardiac arrest) occurred in 53/111 (48%) episodes, including hypoxia (desaturation to SpO2 < 80% in 14/111, 13%) and hypotension (systolic blood pressure < 80 mmHg in 27/111, 25%). Adverse outcomes were not associated with time of day or experience level of airway practitioners. We conclude that there is a disparity between consultant presence for advanced airway interventions in‐ and out‐of‐hours; high utilisation of videolaryngoscopy and capnography, especially for advanced airway interventions; and a high incidence of hypotension and hypoxaemia, including critical values, during non‐theatre airway management.
Monitoring lower limb biomechanical asymmetry and psychological measures in athletic populations—A scoping review

Lower limb biomechanics, including asymmetry, are frequently monitored to determine sport performance level and injury risk. However, contributing factors extend beyond biomechanical and asymmetry measures to include psychological, sociological, and environmental factors. Unfortunately, inadequate research has been conducted using holistic biopsychosocial models to characterize sport performance and injury risk. Therefore, this scoping review summarized the research landscape of studies concurrently assessing measures of lower limb biomechanics, asymmetry, and introspective psychological state (e.g., pain, fatigue, perceived exertion, stress, etc.) in healthy, competitive athletes.
People with mental illness stigmatize mental illness less: A comparison study between a hospital-based sample of people with mental illness and a non-clinical general population sample in urban India

Evidence shows that stigma negatively influences the quality of life of persons with severe mental illness. Nonetheless, stigma towards mental illness is lower among persons with a lived experience of mental illness compared to the rest of the population. Understanding the association between stigma of mental illness and the mental status of individuals living in urban India and whether this association is moderated by demographic factors opens a new avenue for prevention of social exclusion. Persons diagnosed with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or severe unipolar depression (cases, n = 647) were recruited from among hospital patients in New Delhi between November 2011 and June 2012 and matched with non-psychiatric urban dwellers by age, sex, and location of residence (controls, n = 649). Propensity score matching with multivariable linear regression was used to test whether stigma towards mental illness, measured by a 13-item Stigma Questionnaire, differed between cases and controls. Cases reported significantly lower stigma scores than controls (b = -0.50, p < 0.0001). The strength of the association between mental illness and stigma was not affected after controlling for age, caste, sex, education, and employment status, while wealth marginally reduced the strength of the association. These findings suggest individuals with a lived experience of mental illness, in New Delhi, India, may be more tolerant towards mental illness and support the need to involve persons with lived experience in the development and implementation of health promotional campaigns and programs aimed at reducing stigma towards mental illness.
Female rats are more responsive than are males to the protective effects of voluntary physical activity against the behavioral consequences of inescapable stress

Abstract Common stress-related mental health disorders affect women more than men. Physical activity can provide protection against the development of future stress-related mental health disorders (i.e. stress resistance) in both sexes, but whether there are sex differences in exercise-induced stress resistance is unknown. We have previously observed that voluntary wheel running (VWR) protects both female and male rats against the anxiety- and exaggerated fear-like behavioral effects of inescapable stress, but the time-course and magnitude of VWR-induced stress resilience has not been compared between sexes. The goal of the current study was to determine whether there are sex differences in the time-course and magnitude of exercise-induced stress resistance. In adult female and male Sprague Dawley rats, 6 weeks of VWR produced robust protection against stress-induced social avoidance and exaggerated fear. The magnitude of stress protection was similar between the sexes and was independent of reactivity to shock, general locomotor activity, and circulating corticosterone. Interestingly, 3 weeks of VWR prevented both stress-induced social avoidance and exaggerated fear in females but only prevented stress-induced social avoidance in males. Ovariectomy altered wheel-running behavior in females such that it resembled that of males, however; 3 weeks of VWR still protected females against behavioral consequences of stress regardless of the absence of ovaries. These data indicate that female Sprague Dawley rats are more responsive to exercise-induced stress resistance than are males. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT HIGHLIGHTS The duration of wheel running required to enable stress resistance differs between the sexes in a behavior-dependent manner. Wheel running enables rapid protection against stress-induced social avoidance in both male and female Sprague Dawley rats. Wheel running enables protection against stress-induced exaggerated fear more readily in female Sprague Dawley rats compared to males. Ovarian hormones are not necessary for stress-protection produced by 3 weeks of wheel running in female Sprague Dawley rats.
How the Fractional-order Improve and Extend the Well-known Competitive Exclusion Principle in the Chemostat Model with n Species Competing for a Single Resource?

In this paper, a fractional-order mathematical model for n species competing, in a chemostat,for a single resource is proposed. The global dynamics was studied using Lyapunov theory, forany set of increasing growth functions. Obtained results generalize and improve the well-knowncompetitive exclusion principle in the chemostat, that one species will eliminate all other species.
Why the mass and proper time must be considered as dynamical variables

We present a ‘proof’ that the standard treatment of the mass and proper time as parameters, rather than dynamical variables, is actually inconsistent, and we show how they can be introduced as a generalization of the standard Hamiltonian Dynamics. We discuss various topics such as the equivalence principle and particle decay and the uncertainty principle from this point of view. I am honored to be able to give this talk as part of the 60th birthday festival for professor. Wolfgang Schleich, a long-term colleague, a very good friend, and a beloved and highly respected member of the quantum community, and I hope our collaboration can continue for many years to come. I extend my best wishes to him and his wonderful wife Kathy on this occasion.
Unanswered questions of anesthesia neurotoxicity in the developing brain

Purpose of review This article reviews recent advances and controversies of developmental anesthesia neurotoxicity research with a special focus on the unanswered questions in the field both from clinical and preclinical perspectives. Recent findings Observational cohort studies of prenatal and early childhood exposure to anesthesia have reported mixed evidence of an association with impaired neurodevelopment. Meta-analyses of currently available studies of early childhood exposure to anesthesia suggest that, while limited to no change in general intelligence can be detected, more subtle deficits in specific neurodevelopmental domains including behavior and executive function may be seen. Several studies have evaluated intraoperative blood pressure values and neurocognitive outcomes and have not found an association. Although many animal studies have been performed, taking into consideration other peri-operative exposures such as pain and inflammation may help with translation of results from animal models to humans. Summary Advances have been made in the field of developmental anesthetic neurotoxicity over the past few years, including the recognition that anesthetic exposure is associated with deficits in certain cognitive domains but not others. Although the most important question of whether anesthetic agents actually cause long-term neurodevelopmental effects in children has still not been answered, results from recent studies will guide further studies necessary to inform clinical decision-making in children.
The effects of crude oil pollution on physical and chemical characteristics of soil.

Pollution caused by crude oil is the most prevalent problem in the environment. The release of crude oil into the environment by oil spills is receiving worldwide attention. Crude oil products represent the one of the most common environmental contaminant / pollutant. Most oil pollution sources are anthropogenic, but there are also some natural sources. Common sources of these products are motor fuel station underground storage tanks, home and commercial heating oil storage tanks, fuel distribution centers, refineries, crude oil production sites and accidental spills. There is evidenced that some organisms, such as high-class plants are able to degrade hydrocarbons and can penetrate the soil. Crude oil is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons. It includes an aliphatic fraction, an aromatic fraction, asphaltenes, and resins. The effect of crude oil pollution on physical and chemical characteristics of soil was investigated by achieving a case study in Perisoru, Braila County. It has been achieved a profile until 120 cm and 3 soundings until 60 cm from where soil samples were collected according to the methodology and analyzed for physical and chemical characteristics point of view. In case of physical analysis, the values obtained for granulometric fractions were not influenced by the presence of crude oil. Results obtained showed variation in chemical properties of soil. Organic carbon increased from 2.23% for an unpolluted soil to 5.51% in polluted soil. C/N ratios increased from 13 for an unpolluted soil to 21 in polluted soil. Mobile phosphorous and potassium registered in polluted soil similar values with the one characteristic for unpolluted soil. Crude oil at high pollution levels inhibited the growth of crops. Because high concentrations (>1%) of petroleum hydrocarbons in soil have demonstrated phytotoxic properties, as well as the uncertainty about the fate and transport of high concentrations of petroleum in soils and upon human health, the specific fuel nondefault closure levels have maximum limits applied. It is generally recognized that the toxicity, (human and environmental), of petroleum products increases as the molecular weights of the compounds decrease.
Evaluating pyrogenicity and its effects on vegetation in longleaf pine savannas

Like many habitats containing uneven-aged stands of long-lived pines, longleaf pine (Pinus pa/ustris) savannas of the southeastern coastal plain are characterized by frequent fires (see reviews of Abrahamson and Hartnett 1990, Myers 1990). Common intervals between fires cited for these habitats range from as often as every ye~r to about every 5-10 years (Christensen 1981). Three different types of evidence independently suggest high fire frequencies in pine savannas. First, high frequency of fire is deduced from numerous observations of the rapid invasion of pine savannas by hardwoods following fire exclusion (Heyward 1939, Laessle 1942, Komarek 1974, Veno 1976, Clewell 1981, Streng and Harcombe 1982, Abrahamson 1984, Platt and Schwartz 1990). Second, high frequencies of lightning strikes (e.g., Maier et al. 1979) also indicate the potential for very frequent, even annual, fires in many pine savannas of the coastal plain (Komarek 1964). Third, high frequencies of fire have occurred over periods of time long enough for evolution of a number of herbaceous and woody species endemic to southeastern pine savannas. Almost all of these species are resprouters capable of surviving fires, which also suggests a very high fire frequency (Abrahamson 1984). Longleaf pine savanna fires are usually of low intensity. Multiple fires per decade result in only small amounts of fuel being accumulated in the" intervals between fires. Fires also do not enter the canopy on a regular basis, but tend to remain confined to the ground cover, which is a mixture of grasses, shrubs, and herbaceous species that burn at relatively cool temperatures. The tendency for frequent fires when there has been little fuel accumulation and during the growing season when vegetation is green has been attributed, in considerable part, to the flammability (sensu Mutch 1970) of the shed needles of longleaf pine. Shed and dried longleaf pine needles are easily ignited; in addition, Williamson and Black (1981) found that litter beneath pine trees produced higher temperatures than litter beneath scrub oaks (Quercus) also present in xeric pine savannas. Because shed needles are located beyond the crowns of trees, fires are likely to spread into areas around trees as well. The presence of a ground cover dominated by resprouting perennials also may facilitate fire, especially when that vegetation is dominated by flammable species (e.g., Aristida stricta; see Wells and Shunk 1931). These observations and data have produced a paradigm of longleaf pine
维奈克拉联合去甲基化药物诱导治疗急性白血病患者发生肿瘤溶解综合征7例报告并文献复习

Venetoclax combined with hypomethylating agents induced tumor lysis syndrome in patients with acute leukemia:7 cases report and literature review Guo Yusha, Zhao Chenhao, Hu Deyuan, Shen Kai, Chen Suning Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China; Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Suzhou 215006, China Corresponding author: Chen Suning, Email: chensuning@suda.edu. cn
Increased TG Levels and HOMA-IR Score Are Associated With a High Risk of Prediabetes: A Prospective Study

This study aimed to determine the association of blood lipid and insulin levels with the development of prediabetes. In this prospective cohort study, we collected and analyzed data related to demographic characteristics, lipid profiles, and insulin parameters at baseline (2008-2012) and at follow-up (2019-2020). A total of 1205 participants were included. The study found that maintained or elevated Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMO-IR) score and elevated triglyceride (TG) levels from baseline to follow-up were associated with an increased risk of prediabetes. However, the interaction between blood lipids and insulin had no significant effect on the risk of prediabetes. Our findings indicate that elevated TG or HOMA-IR levels are associated with an increased risk of prediabetes. These findings emphasize the need to formulate initiatives that can help reduce dyslipidemia to prevent the onset of prediabetes and diabetes.
AggBERT: Best in Class Prediction of Hexapeptide Amyloidogenesis with a Semi-Supervised ProtBERT Model

The prediction of peptide amyloidogenesis is a challenging problem in the field of protein folding. Large language models, such as the ProtBERT model, have recently emerged as powerful tools in analyzing protein sequences for applications, such as predicting protein structure and function. In this article, we describe the use of a semisupervised and fine-tuned ProtBERT model to predict peptide amyloidogenesis from sequences alone. Our approach, which we call AggBERT, achieved state-of-the-art performance, demonstrating the potential for large language models to improve the accuracy and speed of amyloid fibril prediction over simple heuristics or structure-based approaches. This work highlights the transformative potential of machine learning and large language models in the fields of chemical biology and biomedicine.
Cartilage-specific Sirt6 deficiency represses IGF-1 and enhances osteoarthritis severity in mice

Objectives Prior studies noted that chondrocyte SIRT6 activity is repressed in older chondrocytes rendering cells susceptible to catabolic signalling events implicated in osteoarthritis (OA). This study aimed to define the effect of Sirt6 deficiency on the development of post-traumatic and age-associated OA in mice. Methods Male cartilage-specific Sirt6-deficient mice and Sirt6 intact controls underwent destabilisation of the medial meniscus (DMM) or sham surgery at 16 weeks of age and OA severity was analysed at 6 and 10 weeks postsurgery. Age-associated OA was assessed in mice aged 12 and 18 months of age. OA severity was analysed by micro-CT, histomorphometry and scoring of articular cartilage structure, toluidine blue staining and osteophyte formation. SIRT6-regulated pathways were analysed in human chondrocytes by RNA-sequencing, qRT-PCR and immunoblotting. Results Sirt6-deficient mice displayed enhanced DMM-induced OA severity and accelerated age-associated OA when compared with controls, characterised by increased cartilage damage, osteophyte formation and subchondral bone sclerosis. In chondrocytes, RNA-sequencing revealed that SIRT6 depletion significantly repressed cartilage extracellular matrix (eg, COL2A1) and anabolic growth factor (eg, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1)) gene expression. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function studies in chondrocytes demonstrated that SIRT6 depletion attenuated, whereas adenoviral overexpression or MDL-800-induced SIRT6 activation promoted IGF-1 signalling by increasing Aktser473 phosphorylation. Conclusions SIRT6 deficiency increases post-traumatic and age-associated OA severity in vivo. SIRT6 profoundly regulated the pro-anabolic and pro-survival IGF-1/Akt signalling pathway and suggests that preserving the SIRT6/IGF-1/Akt axis may be necessary to protect cartilage from injury-associated or age-associated OA. Targeted therapies aimed at increasing SIRT6 function could represent a novel strategy to slow or stop OA.