Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Changes in Brain Region and Connectomics in the Acute Stage of Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss in the Resting State via Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

To explore the functional changes in the whole brain network in patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SHL) at the acute stage from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) imaging evaluation results, 80 patients with sudden right SHL were selected as subjects (patient group). In addition, 40 healthy volunteers who underwent physical examination in the hospital during the same period were recruited as a control group. fMRI imaging was performed to analyze functional parameters and core nodes of the whole brain network. It was found that at all thresholds, the fMRI parameters Cp and Lp of the patient group were dramatically superior to those of the control group. The fMRI parameter Eglobal of the patient group was substantially lower than that of the control group ( P < 0.05 ). At most of the thresholds, the fMRI parameter λ in patients was dramatically superior to that in the control group ( P < 0.05 ). There were ten specific network core nodes in patients, including the right parahippocampal gyrus, right supra-occipital gyrus, left suboccipital gyrus, right fusiform gyrus, right parietal lobule, right subparietal lobule, right superior temporal gyrus, left superior marginal gyrus, and right superior temporal gyrus. In summary, the whole brains of patients with sudden SHL still had small-world attributes, but some characteristics of the brain network had changed, and there was a trend of transformation to a regular network. The connection between the auditory brain area and the functional areas related to language and vision was weakened, and the distribution of core nodes changed. This study provides a reference basis for exploring the changes in local brain and connectome levels in patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss in the acute phase based on resting-state fMRI.
The Institutionalization of Public Innovation: Evidence from Indonesia

This study examines critical factors contributing to institutionalizing creative ideas into a formal innovation and their difference in the regulatory-pillar output of innovation, which public sector innovation academics (PSI) rarely explore. Using multiple case study methods, this study interviewed 23 informants involved in four innovation cases in two local governments in Indonesia. This study highlighted nine critical factors in institutionalizing public innovation categorized into four dimensions: leadership, intraorganizational, innovation candidate attributes, and external environment. This study’s novel contribution lies in identifying critical factors shaping and the outputs of institutionalization of public innovation.
Optimización de la resistencia mecánica de cementos binarios MK/GBFS activados alcalinamente por Metodología de Superficie de Respuesta

El presente articulo muestra la modelacion y optimizacion de la resistencia a la compresion de un conglomerante no convencional libre de cemento Portland, el cual fue producido a partir de la activacion alcalina de una mezcla binaria de un metacaolin (MK) y una escoria siderurgica de alto horno (GBFS). Como factores de estudio se considero una relacion GBFS/(GBFS/MK) entre 0,0-0,8 y una relacion molar total SiO2=Al2O3 entre 2,8-4,2. La relacion SiO2=Al2O3 fue ajustada a traves de la contribucion del precursor (MK+GBFS) y el activador alcalino. La evaluacion estadistica mediante la metodologia de superficie de respuesta (MSR) mostro un efecto significativo entre la relacion molar SiO2=Al2O3 y el contenido de GBFS sobre la resistencia a compresion. Complementariamente se desarrollo una caracterizacion microestructural a traves de difraccion de rayos X y microscopia electronica de barrido. La incorporacion de GBFS incremento la cinetica de reaccion y la formacion de una estructura mas densa y compacta. Estos nuevos productos de reaccion le otorgaron al material un mayor desempeno mecanico comparado con los constituidos con un 100% de MK. PACS: 81.05. Je; 81.05. Zx;02.70. Rr
Perspective Perspective: A Comprehensive Evaluation of Data Quality in Nutrient Databases

Nutrient databases are a critical component of nutrition science and the basis of exciting new research in precision nutrition (PN). To identify the most critical components needed for improvement of nutrient databases, food composition data were analyzed for quality, with completeness being the most important measure, and for FAIRness, how well the data conformed with the data science criteria of ﬁ ndable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable (FAIR). Databases were judged complete if they provided data for all 15 nutrition fact panel (NFP) nutrient measures and all 40 National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM) essential nutrient measures for each food listed. Using the gold standard the USDA standard reference (SR) Legacy database as surrogate, it was found that SR Legacy data were not complete for either NFP or NASEM nutrient measures. In addition, phytonutrient measures in the 4 USDA Special Interest Databases were incomplete. To evaluate data FAIRness, a set of 175 food and nutrient data sources were collected from worldwide. Many opportunities were identi ﬁ ed for improving data FAIRness, including creating persistent URLs, prioritizing usable data storage formats, providing Globally Unique Identi ﬁ ers for all foods and nutrients, and implementing citation standards. This review demonstrates that despite important contributions from the USDA and others, food and nutrient databases in their current forms do not yet provide truly comprehensive food composition data. We propose that to enhance the quality and usage of food and nutrient composition data for research scientists and those fashioning various PN tools, the ﬁ eld of nutrition science must step out of its historical comfort zone and improve the foundational nutrient databases used in research by incorporating data science principles, the most central being data quality and data FAIRness.
Application of botanical products as nutraceutical feed additives for improving poultry health and production

Poultry is one of the most consumed sources of animal protein around the world. To meet the global demands for poultry meat and eggs, it is necessary to improve their nutrition to sustain the poultry industry. However, the poultry industry faces several challenges, including feedstuff availability, the banning of antibiotics as growth promoters, and several environmental stressors. Therefore, there is a critical need to include available nutraceuticals in the diet to sustain the poultry industry. Nutraceuticals are natural chemical substances that positively influence animal physiological and productive traits. Botanical products (such as fenugreek seeds, ginger roots, and olive leaves) are among the most commonly used nutraceuticals and are gradually gaining popularity in the poultry industry due to their immense benefits in nutrition and therapeutic properties. They can be added to the diet separately or in combination (as a natural antioxidant and immunostimulant) to improve poultry health and production. Botanical products are rich in essential oils and essential fatty acids, which have multiple benefits on the animal’s digestive system, such as activating the digestive enzymes and restoring microbiota balance, enhancing poultry health, and production. These nutraceuticals have been shown to stimulate the expression of several genes related to growth, metabolism, and immunity. In addition, the essential oil supplementation in poultry diets up-regulated the expression of some crucial genes associated with nutrient transportation (such asglucose transporter-2 and sodium-glucose cotransporter-1). Previous studies have suggested that supplementation of botanical compounds increased broiler body weight and hen egg production by approximately 7% and 15%, respectively. Furthermore, the supplementation of botanical compounds enhanced the reproductive efficiency of hens and the semen quality of roosters by 13%. This review article discusses the significant effects of some botanical products in the poultry industry and how they can benefit poultry, especially in light of the ban on antibiotics as growth promoters.
An advanced disruption predictor for JET tested in a simulated real-time environment

Disruptions are sudden and unavoidable losses of confinement that may put at risk the integrity of a tokamak. However, the physical phenomena leading to disruptions are very complex and non-linear and therefore no satisfactory model has been devised so far either for their avoidance or their prediction. For this reason, machine learning techniques have been extensively pursued in the last years. In this paper a real-time predictor specifically developed for JET and based on support vector machines is presented. The main aim of the present investigation is to obtain high recognition rates in a real-time simulated environment. To this end the predictor has been tested on the time slices of entire discharges exactly as in real world operation. Since the year 2000, the experiments at JET have been organized in campaigns named sequentially beginning with campaign C1. In this paper results from campaign C1 (year 2000) and up to C19 (year 2007) are reported. The predictor has been trained with data from JET's campaigns up to C7 with particular attention to reducing the number of missed alarms, which are less than 1%, for a test set of discharges from the same campaigns used for the training. The false alarms plus premature alarms are of the order of 6.4%, for a total success rate of more than 92%. The robustness of the predictor has been proven by testing it with a wide subset of shots of more recent campaigns (from C8 to C19) without any retraining. The success rate over the period between C8 and C14 is on average 88% and never falls below 82%, confirming the good generalization capabilities of the developed technique. After C14, significant modifications were implemented on JET and its diagnostics and consequently the success rates of the predictor between C15 and C19 decays to an average of 79%. Finally, the performance of the developed detection system has been compared with the predictions of the JET protection system (JPS). The new predictor clearly outperforms JPS up to about 180 ms before the disruptions.
Effective approaches to in-flight hyperspectral target detection for surveillance applications

In this work, Spectral Signature-Based Target Detection (SSBTD) as applied to airborne monitoring for surveillance and reconnaissance of ground targets is addressed, and techniques that can help to approach in-flight processing are analyzed from this perspective. In fact, SSBTD is a challenging task from an operating viewpoint, mainly due to the crucial atmospheric compensation step, which is required to make the target measured reflectance comparable to the sensoracquired radiance. Both physics-based radiative transfer modeling techniques and empirical scene-based methods are considered for atmospheric compensation, and their applicability and adaptability to in-flight processing are discussed. Experimental data acquired by a hyperspectral sensor operating in the Visible Near-InfraRed range are employed for analysis. The data consist in multiple images collected during subsequent flights performed over the same scene. Such a situation well reproduces the typical scenario of regularly monitoring an area of interest, and can, therefore, be adopted for examining the aforementioned approaches from an in-flight applicability perspective. Target detection results are analyzed and discussed by examining objective performance measures such as the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves.
Transient elastohydrodynamic drag on a particle moving near a deformable wall

We examine the prescribed time-dependent motion of a rigid particle (a sphere or a cylinder) moving in a viscous fluid close to a deformable wall. The fluid motion is described by a nonlinear evolution equation, derived using lubrication theory, which is solved using numerical and asymptotic methods; a local linear pressure-displacement model describes the wall. When the particle moves from rest towards the wall, fluid trapping beneath the particle leads to an overshoot in the normal force on the particle; a similarity solution is used to describe trapping at early times and a multiregion asymptotic structure describes fluid draining at late times. When the particle is pulled from rest away from the wall, a peeling process (described by a quasi-steady travelling wave) determines the rate at which fluid can enter the growing gap between the particle and the wall, leading to a transient adhesive normal force. When a cylinder moves from rest transversely over the wall, transient peeling motion is again observed (especially when the wall is initially indented), giving rise to an overshoot in the transverse drag. Simulations for a translating sphere show highly nonlinear wall deformations characterized by a localized crescent-shaped ridge. Despite generating sharp transient deformations, we found no numerical evidence of finite-time choking events.
A Phase I Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study on Efficacy and Safety Profile of a Sublingually Administered Cannabidiol /Delta 9-tetrahydrocannabidiol (10: 1) Regimen in Diabetes Type 2 Patients

The current study aimed to evaluate the safety profile and efficacy of a cannabis-based sublingual spray, CBDEX10® (containing 100 µg cannabidiol and 10 µg Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol per puff; CBD/Δ9-THC 10:1), in improving lipid profile and glycemic state of the diabetic patients. Fifty diabetic patients were randomly allocated to the treatment (n = 25; receiving two puffs of CBDEX10® twice daily) or the control groups (n = 25; receiving two puffs of placebo). The primary endpoint of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of the CBDEX10® adjunctive therapy in improving the lipid profile and glycemic state of diabetic patients; the secondary endpoint was to assess the safety profile and tolerability of the spray. A statistically significant decline in total cholesterol [estimated treatment difference (ETD) = −19.73 mg/dL; P < 0.05], triglyceride (ETD = −27.84 mg/dL; P < 0.01), LDL-C (ETD = −5.37 mg/dL; P < 0.01), FBS (ETD = −12 mg/dL; P < 0.01), Hb A1C (ETD = −0.21 mg/dL; P < 0.01) and insulin secretion (ETD = -5.21 mIU/L; P < 0.01) was observable in the patients treated with CBDEX10® at the end of the 8-week treatment period. Regarding safety, the mentioned adjunctive regimen was well, and there were no serious or severe adverse effects. Overall, CBDEX1® sublingual spray could be a new therapeutic agent for lipid and glycemic control in diabetic patients.
Neutrino energy loss in stellar interiors. III. Pair, photo-, plasma, and bremsstrahlung processes

Detailed results of the calculation of the neutrino energy-loss rates due to pair, photo-, plasma, and bremsstrahlung processes corresponding to the density-temperature regime 1-10 to the 14th g/cu cm, 10 to the 7th - 10 to the 11th K are presented. The calculation is based on the Weinberg-Salam theory. The present calculation is the most accurate calculation to date covering the widest density-temperature regime. The discrepancies with the previous works are carefully examined. Extensive tables are prepared to show the detailed results of the photo-neutrino energy-loss rate. 26 refs.
Baseband integrated acousto‐optic frequency shifter

A novel baseband integrated acousto‐optic frequency shifter with a −3 dB tunable bandwidth of 121 MHz (from −61 to 60 MHz) at the optical wavelength of 0.6328 μm has been constructed in a Y‐cut LiNbO3waveguide, 0.2×1.0×2.0 cm3 in size. Suppression of the various unwanted components by as much as 50 dB has been accomplished. Since the frequency‐shifted light propagates in a fixed direction, irrespective of the magnitude of frequency shift, this baseband acousto‐optic frequency shifter can be readily used in fiber‐optic systems.
Analyzing Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves with SAS, by M. Gönen

This book was published by the SAS Institute in the SAS Press Series. The target audience could be any statistician with a reasonable understanding of linear regression and linear models who is somewhat familiar with Base SAS and SAS/STAT. Although the minimal requirements are very general, the book would be quite useful for any reader who wants to do exploratory analysis of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves in any field using SAS. Many of the SAS/STAT procedures are discussed in detail, and the concepts are explained very clearly and precisely. It starts with a practical example of weather forecasting. The problem is very practical and simple to understand. The size of the dataset used in this example is also very small. ‘Proc Freq’ is the only SAS procedure used in analyzing the data initially. A new SAS programmer would find the basic codes to be very useful. Understanding the first simple concept given here puts the reader on the fast track. Like any other good book on applied techniques, this same example is revisited several times. Each time a new concept is introduced, more codes are given to analyze the data in the new way. Whenever a new formula is used in this book, at least a heuristic explanation is included. For example, in the second chapter, misclassification rate is expressed in terms of incorrect positive prediction and incorrect negative prediction, and an intuitive reason for choosing such a formula is given. This structure is followed more or less throughout the book. Whenever something as complicated and as important as a central idea of the book, such as the ROC curve itself, is explained, the author makes the key underlying ideas clear much ahead of time, so that the reader is not overwhelmed. Two types of correct classification, namely, sensitivity (true positive) and specificity (true negative), are explained first, and the concept of ROC only comes in a later chapter when the background information has already been explained. Part of Chapter 1 is devoted to explaining the content of the book; the summary helps the reader to plan how to use the book. For example, if one is familiar with ROC and is also a reasonably good programmer who would only be interested in knowing how to use SAS in extensive analysis of ROC, then the first few chapters can be completed as light reading. However, if someone is not so familiar with ROC, then the first few chapters would lay the foundation for the rest of the materials in the book. Chapter 4 deals with the covariate adjustments. Perhaps this is the most important chapter from the point of view of applied
Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Cardiogenic Shock to Ventricular Assist Device or Heart Transplantation - Where Are We?

Cardiogenic shock (CS) is a complex, multifactorial, and highly morbid condition requiring interdisciplinary expertise and state-of-the-art management. Despite advances in therapeutic options, CS’ 30-day mortality remains high, around 40-50% in contemporary randomized trials. CS is caused by impaired myocardial contractility, resulting in reduced cardiac output, end-organ hypoperfusion, and hypoxia. The inability to meet the body’s metabolic demands due to diminished cardiac output leads to insufficient tissue perfusion [1] . Acute myocardial infarction is the most common cause of CS (7-10%) [2,3] . Various conditions eventually lead to CS, most commonly valvular regurgitation, ischemic and non-ischemic cardiomyopathy, pericardial disease, and arrhythmia. The American Heart Association emphasizes the importance of early monitoring and initial stabilization prior to invasive management [1] . A variety of mechanical circulatory support (MCS) devices have been introduced with the goal of providing hemodynamic support and improving outcomes. The basic concept is that support and decompression of the ventricle lead to reduced myocardial stress and consumption of oxygen while increasing end-organ perfusion. Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) offers immediate circulatory support and concomitant gas exchange for patients with left and right ventricular failure [1,4] . Despite the recognized advances of VA-ECMO (Figure 1), there are significant discrepancies in research concerning the hemodynamic implications of its long-term use. After restoring hemodynamic stability with adequate neurological and renal function, the following question arises
Morphological change of multiwalled carbon nanotubes through high-energy (MeV) ion irradiation

Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were expanded by 2.5 times in diameter through high-energy (MeV) ion irradiation. Pristine MWCNTs were synthesized onto SiO2 substrate by chemical vapor deposition. The 4MeV Cl2+ ions with a dose of 3×1016ions∕cm2 were irradiated on MWCNTs. From high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) images, the average diameter of the high-energy-ion-irradiated MWCNTs was ∼180nm, while that of the pristine MWCNTs was ∼70nm. The wall thickness of the pristine and the high-energy-ion-irradiated MWCNT samples was ∼20nm and 40–50nm, respectively. We observed the clear formation of nanocompartments with bamboolike structure inside the tubes after ion irradiation. The amorphous carbon structure in the ion-irradiated MWCNT shells was observed from Raman spectra. Based on the results of HR-TEM and Raman spectra, the expansion of the systems represents morphological transition from crystalline graphite structure to amorphous carbon or finite sized graphite structure due to .
Neighbourhood-level pedestrian navigation using the construal level theory

Pedestrian navigation decisions take place simultaneously at multiple spatial scales. Yet most models of pedestrian behaviour focus either on local physical interactions or optimisation of routes across a road network. We present a novel hierarchical pedestrian route choice framework that integrates dynamic, perceptual decisions at the street level with abstract, network-based decisions at the neighbourhood level. The framework is based on construal level theory which states that decision makers construe decisions based on their psychological distance from the object of the decision. We implement this route choice framework in a spatial agent-based model in which pedestrian and vehicle agents complete trips in an urban environment. Using global sensitivity analysis techniques, we demonstrate the interaction between route choice components representing decision making at different spatial and temporal scales. Additionally, through comparison to a least cost network model, we demonstrate the increased route heterogeneity produced by this approach. This work could form the basis of an alternative method for producing pedestrian route alternatives. The granularity and scale of the modelled pedestrian trajectories could also help improve appraisals of street infrastructure.
A spectrophotometric study of BQS quasars

Flux-calibrated spectra of 39 low-redshift quasars from the Bright Quasar Survey (BQS) have been used to study a near-complete data set of optically selected quasars. Statistical partial rank analysis shows that the forbidden O III luminosity is more intimately connected to the H-beta luminosity, L(H-beta), than to observed continuum luminosity, L(cont). L(H-beta) is thus considered to be a better measure than L(cont) of the photoionizing luminosity. The effects of an orientation-dependent L(cont) on the rest-frame emission-line equivalent widths, EW(H-beta), and EW(forbidden O III), have been studied. It is found that scatter in the L(H-beta) - L(cont) relation is not due to a range in broad-line covering factor, and is inconsistent with one simple orientation scheme unless objects with very high disk inclination angles are excluded by the BQS selection criteria. It is demonstrated that there exists a correlation between the full width at half maximum of the H-beta line and L(H-beta), providing evidence for a gravitationally bound H-beta-emitting region and a scaling M(central) approximately proportional to L.