Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Newhouse regions for reversible systems with infinitely many stable, unstable and elliptic periodic orbits

For reversible two-dimensional diffeomorphisms we establish a new type of Newhouse regions (regions of structural instability density). We prove that in these regions there exists a dense set of diffeomorphisms having, simultaneously, infinitely many stable, infinitely many unstable, and infinitely many elliptic type periodic orbits.
Semi-supervised Embedding for Scalable and Accurate Time Series Clustering

While time series data are abundant in numerous real world applications, large labeled time series datasets are scarce. Semi-supervised models, which leverage small amounts of labeled data along with a large set of unlabeled data, have been shown to significantly outperform unsupervised learning models that only rely on unlabeled data for time series clustering. However, existing semi-supervised time series clustering algorithms suffer from lack of scalability as they are limited to perform learning operations within the original data space. We propose a scalable and accurate autoencoder-based semi-supervised learning model for time series clustering in the embedded space. With this model, we also introduce multiple semi-supervised objective functions that leverage only a small number of labeled examples but significantly improve the quality of the autoencoder’s learned latent space for clustering. Our experiments on a variety of datasets show that our methods can often improve performance of a typical clustering method (namely, k-means). We demonstrate that our methods achieve a maximum average Adjusted Rand Index (ARI) of 0.897, a 140% increase over an unsupervised Convolutional Autoencoder (CAE) model. Finally, our proposed methods also achieve a maximum improvement of 44% over an existing semi-supervised model.
The value of PET/CT for cytoreductive surgery selection in recurrent ovarian carcinoma

Objective To evaluate the value of positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in predicting no residual disease (NRD) after secondary cytoreductive surgery (SCS) compared with MSK criteria, the iMODEL, and the AGO score. Methods We analyzed 112 patients with platinum-sensitive ovarian carcinoma who underwent SCS. We excluded patients for whom PET/CT was not performed, those without sufficient data, and who received chemotherapy before SCS. Ultimately, 69 patients were included. Results Variables that correlated with NRD were peritoneal carcinomatosis index (odds ratio [OR]=0.91; 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.83–0.99; p=0.044), European Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG) 0 (OR=8.0; 95% CI=1.34–47.5; p=0.022), and ≤2 lesions by PET/CT (OR=4.36; 95% CI=1.07–17.7; p=0.039). Of the patients with ≤2 lesions by PET/CT, 48 (92.3%) underwent complete SCS. The sensitivity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of PET/CT for NRD were 85.7%, 92.3%, 33.3%, and 81.2%, respectively. NRD was achieved after fulfilling the MSK criteria, iMODEL and AGO Score in 89.1%, 88.1% and 85.9%, respectively. The accuracy of the MSK criteria, iMODEL, and AGO score in predicting NRD was 87%, 83.3%, and 77.3%, respectively. The PET/CT findings agreed well with the AGO score and iMODEL. The addition of PET/CT to these models increased the NRD rates (92.2%, 91.8%, and 89.4% for MSK+PET/CT, iMODEL+PET/CT, and AGO+PET/CT, respectively), but lowered their accuracy. Conclusion We observed NRD in 92.3% of patients with ≤2 lesions by PET/CT, with an accuracy of 81.2%. PET/CT did not increase the accuracy of the MSK criteria, iMODEL, or AGO score models.
Existence of Partial Entrainment and Stability of Phase Locking Behavior of Coupled Oscillators

We study a network of all-to-all interconnected phase oscillators as modeled by the Kuramoto model. For coupling strengths larger than a critical value, we show the existence of a collective behavior called phase locking: the phase differences between all oscillators are constant in time. As the coupling strength increases, the distance between each pair of phases decreases. Stability of each phase locking solution is proven for general frequency distributions. There exist one unique asymptotically stable phase locking solution. Furthermore a description is given of partial entrainment, which can be regarded as the finite number analogon of partial synchronization in the infinite number case. When the network is partially entraining some phase differences possess an upper and lower bound. Partial entrainment of the three-cell network is analyzed: an estimate of the onset of partial entrainment is given and the existence of partial entrainment is proven. Furthermore, local stability of partial entrainment is proven for the three-cell network with two identical oscillators.
On Using Node Indices and Their Correlations for Fake Account Detection

With the growing rate of online social networks, the number of fake accounts is multiplying day by day. There exist many approaches in the literature that try to distinguish fake accounts from real ones, for example, those that use machine learning and classification techniques to learn whether a user should be labeled as fake (bot) or not. In this paper, we follow a different approach and try to use node measurements in the field of complex networks analysis to identify fake accounts. We first model users’ interactions with a large graph. For example, in Twitter, we can form graphs of follower-following, comments, retweets, mentions, and so on. We then investigate different measurements, such as centrality indices and their correlations, to separate real and fake accounts. We find that measurements such as average path length, eigenvector centrality, harmonic centrality, degree, local reaching centrality and their correlations provide good indicators to distinguish real and fake accounts.
An Overview of Source Code Static Analysis Method Based on Knowledge Graph

With the increasing complexity of software structure and function, and frequent software security incidents, software source code static analysis is one of the means to ensure software security from the source. Using traditional source code static analysis methods to explore source code vulnerabilities is not only inefficient but also has a high rate of false positives. This paper focuses on vulnerability knowledge graph information extraction, knowledge graph entity identification system construction The source code vulnerability knowledge graph extraction and the application of source code vulnerability knowledge graph are introduced in detail. The introduction of knowledge graph can effectively improve the analysis efficiency of source code analysis, effectively improve the low accuracy and high false positive rate of traditional methods, and provide a new idea for code static analysis.
Diffractive optical elements for shaping Gaussian Schell-model beams

A novel design method of diffractive optical element for shaping Gaussian Schell model beams is investigated. In the design, it is important to solve a deconvolution problem for obtaining diffraction image with edge-sharpness degraded by the convolution effect of the partially coherent Gaussian Schell model beam. In this paper, a simple heuristic approach to the deconvolution problem is addressed. It is shown that an extra rim pattern around the target diffraction image can lighten the unwanted edge-blur of the diffraction image. The algorithm for generating the extra rim pattern is explained.
Large eddy simulation of turbulent shallow water flows using multi‐relaxation‐time lattice Boltzmann model

In this paper, the standard Smagorinsky's algorithm is embedded into the multiple relaxation time (MRT) lattice Boltzmann model (LBM) for large eddy simulation (LES) of turbulent shallow water flows (MRT‐LABSWETM). The model is based on the two‐dimensional nonlinear shallow water equations, giving the depth‐averaged features. It is verified by applying the model in three typical cases in engineering with turbulence: (i) the flow around a square cylinder, (ii) plane cavity flow, and (iii) flows in a junction of 90°. The results obtained by the MRT‐LABSWETM are compared with BGK‐LABSWETM results and experimental data. The objectives of this study are to validate the MRT‐LABSWETM in a turbulence simulation and perform a comparative analysis between the results of BGK‐LABSWETM and MRT‐LABSWETM. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Research on Neutral-point Voltage Balancing Algorithm for T-type Three-level Inverter

Aiming at the problem that the neutral-point voltage of the T-type three level inverter is unbalanced. In this research, the mechanism of neutral-point voltage unbalance is analyzed first, and then the principle of neutral-point balance in space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) and virtual space vector pulse width modulation (VSVPWM) is introduced. In traditional VSVPWM, a virtual medium vector is synthesized by a small vector and a medium vector. Neutral-point current inflow and outflow was zero during one switching cycle, therefore, the balance of the neutral-point voltage could be maintained. Whereas, it is found in the experiment that the VSVPWM cannot guarantee the above relationship due to circuit parameters. Therefore, a variable virtual space vector pulse width modulation (VVSVPWM) method is propounded. The equilibrium state of the neutral-point voltage was maintained by introducing a balancing factor to adjust the virtual medium in real time and participate in modulation. Finally, the simulation model and experimental platform certify the validity of the proposed algorithms.
Absolute Distance Measurements with Tunable Semiconductor Laser

The work is oriented to development of an absolute distance interferometer with a narrow-linewidth tunable VCSEL laser (Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser) at 760 nm and a wavelength-scanning interferometry technique improved by an amplitude division of interference fringe [Xiaoli D et al, Meas. Sci. Technol. 9 1031 (1998); Creath K Appl. Opt. 26 2810 (1987)]. This laser performs the mod-hop free tuning range up to 1.4 nm and the value of the injection current controls the wavelength. With respect to the high sensitivity of the emitted wavelength to injection current fluctuations, we provided stabilization of laser frequency by means of an electronic frequency lock to modes of the Fabry-Perot glass etalon. Instantaneous values of the interference phase before and after the scanning process are recorded for a longer interval due to data averaging. For the first laboratory experiments, we have measured preliminary results with relative uncertainty of absolute distance measurement at 8 × 10-5 level.
Multicenter Phase II Trial of the PARP Inhibitor Olaparib in Recurrent IDH1- and IDH2-mutant Glioma

Purpose: Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) 1 and IDH2 mutations (IDH1/2mt) are frequent in glioma. Preclinical studies suggest IDH1/2mts confer “BRCAness” phenotype, a vulnerability that can be targeted through PARP inhibition. To test this hypothesis, we conducted a multicenter study of olaparib monotherapy in patients with IDH1/2mt gliomas. Methods: Patients with recurrent, contrast-enhancing IDH1/2mt gliomas were enrolled in a two-step phase II trial; the primary endpoint was overall response rate per Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) criteria. Olaparib 300 mg orally twice daily was given. Results: A total of 15 evaluable patients were enrolled. Histology was astrocytoma (N = 12) and oligodendroglioma (N = 3). Most toxicities were grade 1 or 2. Best response was stable disease (SD) in 9 (60%) patients. Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 3.63 months and median overall survival was 20.7 months. For patients with SD, median PFS was 5.53 months; 4 patients had SD for >6 months. Among patients with best response progressive disease (N = 6), 5 had grade 4 tumor and 4 had known CDKN2A alteration. PFS was 5.23 months for grades 2 or 3 tumors (N = 10) versus 1.8 months for grade 4 (N = 5; P = 0.0013). Conclusion: The study did not meet the prespecified response-based activity threshold for moving to step 2. However, prolonged SD was observed in patients with grades 2 and 3 histologies, suggesting olaparib monotherapy could be of clinical benefit in select populations. Grade 4 tumors per 2021 World Health Organization classification defined by histology or CDKN2A alteration derived no benefit from this drug, highlighting the usefulness of this classification for future patient stratification and trial design. Significance: A single-arm phase II trial of olaparib in IDH-mutant glioma demonstrated clinically significant prolonged SD for select patients with grade 2/3 disease, suggesting potential benefit of olaparib in IDH-mutant gliomas.
An AI-based System to Assist Human Fact-Checkers for Labeling Cantonese Fake News on Social Media

Preventing the spread of fake news is one of the most challenging issues in the age of social media. Traditional manual fact-checking (i.e., expert-based and crowd-sourced fact-checking) is time-consuming and labor-extensive, which cannot scale up with the unprecedented amount of dis- and mis-information on social media. Automated fact-checking based on machine learning is a promising strategy to address the scalability issues. Nevertheless, an end-to-end full automated fact-checking system without human supervision is still impractical. A more realistic solution will be developing an Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based system to facilitate the human fact-checkers during the fact-checking process. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel annotation system to facilitate human fact-checkers. With our designed procedures and schema, our developed system can help to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of human fact-checkers by automatically identifying worth-to-check news. We conduct a real-case study to demonstrate that our system can effectively identify worth-to-check news and ease the annotation process with the help of several automatic detection functions.
Electroluminescence characterization of AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistors

Spectral analysis of the electroluminesence (EL) of AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistors is reported. The shape of the EL spectra is completely different from the shape of the photoluminescence spectrum. The wavelength for the peak of the EL spectrum gets shorter when the gate–bias voltage is decreased. Its intensity shows a bell shape when the gate-bias voltage is swept. These features suggest that the EL signal is due to the intraband transition of the channel electrons in the high-field region at the drain edge.
Hydrodynamic models of the Cartwheel ring galaxy

A series of increasingly sophisticated models of the Cartwheel ring galaxy is studied in order to test the collisional model for the galaxy formation and examine the star formation processes in this unique environment, using new data acquired in the last decade. The simulations provided some possible answers to a number of questions about the Cartwheel. First, an explanation for the wide spacing between inner and outer rings is suggested by the simple epicyclic kinematics within the dark matter-dominated potential implied by H I rotation curve. These models and the kinematic model of Struck-Marcell and Lotan (1990) also predict that the outer ring should be relatively weak, while the second inner ring should be stronger, with a dense orbit-crossing region of significant width bounded by sharp, caustic edges. The collisional model is given support by the agreement between the observations and the morphological and kinematic properties of the numerical simulations presented.
Strong gravity approach to QCD and confinement

A Weyl type of action which is scale free and quadratic in the curvature is suggested for strong gravity. The corresponding field equations have solutions which imply confinement. At the QCD scale, the scale invariance is broken inducing a Hilbert type term which describes the short distance behavior. This approach may provide a strong gravity basis for QCD.
Performance and Risk Assessment of Soil-Structure Interaction Systems Based on Finite Element Reliability Methods

In the context of performance-based earthquake engineering, reliability method has been of significant importance in performance and risk assessment of structures or soil-structure interaction (SSI) systems. The finite element (FE) reliability method combines FE analysis with state-of-the-art methods in reliability analysis and has been employed increasingly to estimate the probability of occurrence of failure events corresponding to various hazard levels (e.g., earthquakes with various intensity). In this paper, crucial components for FE reliability analysis are reviewed and summarized. Furthermore, recent advances in both time invariant and time variant reliability analysis methods for realistic nonlinear SSI systems are presented and applied to a two-dimensional two story building on layered soil. Various time invariant reliability analysis methods are applied, including the first-order reliability method (FORM), importance sampling method, and orthogonal plane sampling (OPS) method. For time variant reliability analysis, an upper bound of the failure probability is obtained from numerical integration of the mean outcrossing rate (MOCR). The MOCR is computed by using FORM analysis and OPS analysis. Results by different FE reliability methods are compared in terms of accuracy and computational cost. This paper provides valuable insights for reliability based probabilistic performance and risk assessment of SSI systems.
Supply Chain Resilience in the Pharmaceutical Industry: A Qualitative Analysis from Scholarly and Managerial Perspectives

This paper aims to collect evidence from Global Supply Chains (SCs) actors in the pharmaceutical sector to understand how they define a resilient supply chain and what are the main resilience elements useful to measure the degree of resilience of a supply chain considering the lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic period. In doing so, our purpose is to make a comparison between the two categories and uncover on which supply chain resilience-related topics there is agreement or not. Through a qualitative research design, a two-round focus group was conducted with supply chain players that represent different nodes along the chain (e.g., as for supplier, manufacturers, service providers, CMO). Key findings, related to the conducted discussions among the focus group, show how managers appreciate and agree comprehensive supply chain resilience definitions provided by extant literature. Nonetheless, although there is a general agreement on some recent definitions, managers asserted that some key resilience elements are currently missing in those definitions, regarding human resources and technology roles in enhancing the resilience of supply chains. In addition, supply chain resilience elements considered most important by managers of the pharmaceutical supply chain are adaptability, flexibility, agility, and collaboration.
Leak localization in Water Distribution Networks By Directly Fitting the Learning Parameters of a Gaussian Naive Bayes Classifier

Water supply companies around the globe are struggling to meet the needs of an ever-increasing population, while climate change contributes to more drought. At the same time, up to 30% of the total amount of treated drinking water in the water supply system is lost due to leaks. An important strategy to reduce leak losses is using hydraulic modeling to localize leaks in a expert-driven manner. In this paper, we present a hybrid leak localization approach combining both hydraulic modeling and machine learning-based classification. A Gaussian Naive Bayes classifier is trained to localize leaks based on simulated pressures and historical pressure measurements. The simulated pressures are obtained using a hydraulic model of the water supply system. In our methodology, learned parameters of the classifier are inferred directly from processing the simulated and measured pressures, without the need for explicit training. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our leak localization approach by using real leak experiments, achieved by opening hydrants at different locations in an operational water supply system. State-of-the-art results are achieved, similar to an approach where explicit training is still needed.
Anthropometry and Physical Performance in 13-Year-Old Australian Talent-Identified Male and Female Athletes Compared to an Age-Matched General Population Cohort

Talent-identified male and female athletes are assumed to have greater speed and power than the general population at a given age. However, a comparison of the jump and sprint performance of an Australian cohort of male and female youth athletes from various sports to age-matched controls has not occurred. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare anthropometric and physical performance markers between ~13-year-old talent-identified youth athletes and general population Australian youth. The anthropometry and physical performance in talent-identified youth athletes (n = 136, 83 males) and general population youth (n = 250, 135 males) were tested during the first month of the school year in an Australian high school within a specialized sports academy. Talent-identified females were taller (p < 0.001; d = 0.60), sprinted faster (20 m: p < 0.001; d = −1.16), and jumped higher (p < 0.001; d = 0.88) than general population youth females. Similarly, talent-identified males sprinted faster (20 m: p < 0.001; d = −0.78) and jumped higher (p < 0.001; d = 0.87) than general population youth males, but were not taller (p = 0.13; d = 0.21). Body mass was not different between groups for males (p = 0.310) or females (p = 0.723). Overall, youth, particularly females, who are trained in a variety of sports, exhibit greater speed and power during early adolescence compared to their age-matched peers, with anthropometric differences only occurring in females at 13 years of age. Whether talented athletes are selected because they exhibit these traits or whether speed and power are developed through sport participation requires further investigation.
China SONG telescope tracking system based on direct drive technology

SONG (Stellar Oscillations Network Group) is a Danish initiative to design and build a global network of 1-m class telescopes. The plan is to design and build a global network of small telescopes located at 8 existing observatories around the world. The scientific goals of SONG need to obtain long-term and continuous observations (weeks to months). The group behind the SONG proposal has devised a new and innovative concept to overcome these problems in a cost-effective way. China, as one of the eight sites, its 1-m class telescope can achieve the goal for long time continuous, uninterrupted, full automatic observation and works in the diffraction limit condition. At the same time the telescope must realize 0.3 arc second tracking precision without guide star, which is a very challenge and difficult task for 1 meter telescope tracking system . This paper discusses the design and analysis of Chinese song telescope control system,ecpecially, its tracking system .