Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Saint Louis encephalitis virus and other arboviruses in the differential diagnosis for dengue.

Brazil is a tropical country with a wide variety of flora and fauna that includes many arthropods, especially mosquitoes and midges. This ecological diversity facilitates the maintenance of arboviral cycles and the emergence of novel arboviral pathogens. Indeed, many outbreaks attributable to zoonotic arboviruses such as Oropouche, Mayaro, Rocio virus (ROCV), Saint Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV) and yellow fever virus have been seen in the recent past. Furthermore, due to the increase in international travel, arboviruses present in other American countries, such as the emergent viruses West Nile and Chikungunya, have already been introduced, or could be introduced to this region in the future. The southeastern, northeastern, and southern regions of Brazil, which house the majority of the population (200 million inhabitants), are infested by the Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, and Culex mosquitoes. Aedes aegypti, the vector for the dengue virus, is responsible for large epidemics with high morbidity and mortality. Cases of meningoencephalitis in Brazil have also been attributed to the dengue virus, and control of virus spread is a high priority topic for public health authorities; in addition to controlling the Aedes aegypti population, dengue control strategies also involve clinical and serological diagnosis of infection. However, testing only focuses on dengue, and other arboviruses that produce acute febrile illness and meningoencephalitis can remain undetected. A recent study in Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical/Journal of the Brazilian Society of Tropical Medicine showed that horses can be infected by SLEV and ROCV 1 . These are ribonucleic acid (RNA) viruses belonging to the Japanese encephalitis serocomplex in the Flavivirus genus of the Flaviviridae family. This serocomplex includes mostly the arboviruses that cause meningoencephalitis and have birds as reservoirs and mosquitoes of the Culicinae subfamily as vectors. SLEV is responsible for an increasing number of cases in Brazil, particularly in the State of Sao Paulo. In 2004, SLEV was isolated from a patient diagnosed with dengue fever in the City of Sao Pedro 2 . In 2006, eight patients with acute febrile illness from the City of Ribeirao Preto were found to be
Antidepressant effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in the elderly: correlation between effect size and coil-cortex distance.

S everal controlled studies suggest that highfrequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is associated with antidepressant effects. Interestingly enough, the 2 studies investigating relatively older depressed patients demonstrated a lesser effect than did the studies performed in a younger population. This is in stark contrast to the finding that another method of brain stimulation, electroconvulsive therapy, is somewhat more effective in older patients. Figiel et al assumed that this finding could be associated with the structural brain changes that are often found in older depressed patients. Lai and colleagues were recently able to demonstrate an orbitofrontal cortex volume reduction in geriatric depressed patients. Kozel et al investigated the relationship of the distance between the stimulating coil and the cortex to age and antidepressant response and were not able to find a significant correlation in 12 patients with a mean age of 42 years; however, they demonstrated that treatment responders were younger and had a shorter prefrontal coil-cortex distance. To investigate the hypothesis that a relative prefrontal atrophy could be related to the antidepressant response, we assessed the correlation between an index of the distance between the stimulating coil and the cerebral cortex (coil-cortex distance index [CCDI]) and the rate of change in Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) rating in 13 relatively older outpatients (mean±SD age, 56.4±12.7 years; range, 40-74 years) with treatment-resistant major depression. This index was the difference of the coilcortex distance at the prefrontal stimulation site minus the coil-cortex distance at the site where motor threshold was assessed, the result representing relative prefrontal atrophy. The patients underwent a standard repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment protocol. Stimulationswereperformedwithahigh-speedstimulator (Magstim Company Ltd, Whitland, Wales) with a figure 8–shaped air-cooled coil applied to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), as described in other studies. Stimulus intensity was 100% of individual motor threshold at a frequency of 20 Hz. The duration of the stimulus train was 2 seconds and the intertrain interval was 28 seconds. Forty trains were applied in 20 minutes (1600 pulses) during each session, and sessions were repeated every day for 2 weeks. Brain measurements to obtain the CCDI were performed using computed tomography with a multislice spiral computed tomographic scanner (Somatom +4 Volume Zoom; Siemens AG, Munich, Germany). The stimulation sites for motor cortex and DLPFC were marked with lead balls fixed to a swim cap that was individually fitted for each patient. The position of the cervical spine in the scanner was the same as in the stimulation chair (reclined 15°). Overlapping 5-mm axial slices (increment, 1 mm) were reconstructed in the axial planes. Distances for motor cortex and left DLPFC stimulation
Clinical and Biological Relevance of Gene Expression Profiling in Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Over the last decade, considerable effort has gone into defining global gene expression profiles (GEP) in many different types of malignancies. There is a dual aim behind these studies: on the one hand, to identify molecular signatures that correlate with clinically useful parameters and, on the other hand, to increase knowledge concerning the biology of the respective diseases. Some of these studies yielded molecular classifications of specific cancer types that better correlate with disease progression and/or response to therapy, whereas others revealed yet unknown biological properties of cancer cells that may represent the starting point for novel therapeutic approaches. Acute myeloid leukemias (AML) represent a highly heterogeneous set of malignancies whose pathogenesis is linked to specific genetic abnormalities, including chromosome translocations and point mutations that involve genes encoding for key regulators of hematopoiesis (Marcucci, Haferlach, & Dohner 2011). Genetic information is the most relevant parameter for the correct classification of AML patients at diagnosis into three prognostic risk groups (favorable, intermediate and adverse) and, consequently, for directing therapeutic choices (Lo-Coco et al. 2008; Dohner et al. 2010). In fact, current diagnostic approaches include cytogenetic and molecular analyses for correct stratification of AML patients according to the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations (Vardiman et al. 2009). However, these approaches are not fully satisfactory, particularly within the significant group of cytogenetically normal AML (CN-AML), where known prognostic markers are lacking. This likely reflects the genetic heterogeneity of the CN-AML group, the existence of yet unidentified genetic lesions and the co-existence of different genetic mutations in a significant number of cases. AML was the first type of malignancy to be studied with a GEP approach, and hundreds of reports addressing specific clinical issues (classification, prognosis, response to therapy) have been published. An equally significant number of studies have addressed the molecular pathogenesis of AML by analyzing GEP in functionally characterized AML model systems, including transgenic mice, primary or established cell lines expressing leukemogenic oncogenes. The analysis of their specific target genes has been exploited to
A large-scale in vitro production system for Plasmodium falciparum.

near their center so that the anterior and posterior ends were juxtaposed (Fig. 1). Folded sporozoites were most numerous 32 HAI but were present up to 43 HAI. At 32 HAI, many small round meronts were seen near the basement membrane of the crypt enterocytes, below or beside the host cell nucleus. Several nuclei were scattered ramdomly throughout the developing meront and an eosinophilic refractile body was present (Fig. 2). The meronts increased in size during 32 to 40 HAI, the nuclei became peripherally arranged and the refractile body persisted. As the merozoites developed, they appeared to bud in a whorled pattern from a central residuum. Nuclei of the merozoites were arranged side by side (Fig. 3). Mature meronts were first seen 40 HAI. Twenty-five meronts were 16-27 X 12.8-19 gtm (mean 20.8 X 15.6 tm) and in cross section contained about 22 merozoites that were arranged randomly in the parasitophorous vacuole (Fig. 4). The first generation merozoites were approximately 7.6 X 1.3 Atm and had centrally located nuclei. Mature meronts were most numerous 43 HAI but were still present in sections from animals killed 51 HAI. The first generation meront differs from the second generation meront in the time of maturation and in the size of the meront and merozoites. The mature second generation meronts were 19.8 X 12.6 ,m (mean) and contained about 39 merozoites that were 17.4 X 2 ,im (mean). The third generation meront was smaller (mean 13.1 X 11.2 ,um) then the first generation meront and did not mature until 120 HAI. Merozoites of the first generation meronts appeared to bud from a central residual body. This is similar to that reported for the third generation meront (Todd and Lepp, 1971, loc. cit.).
The Off-Topic Memento Toolkit

Web archive collections are created with a particular purpose in mind. A curator selects seeds, or original resources, which are then captured by an archiving system and stored as archived web pages, or mementos. The systems that build web archive collections are often configured to revisit the same original resource multiple times. This is incredibly useful for understanding an unfolding news story or the evolution of an organization. Unfortunately, over time, some of these original resources can go off-topic and no longer suit the purpose for which the collection was originally created. They can go off-topic due to web site redesigns, changes in domain ownership, financial issues, hacking, technical problems, or because their content has moved on from the original topic. Even though they are off-topic, the archiving system will still capture them, thus it becomes imperative to anyone performing research on these collections to identify these off-topic mementos. Hence, we present the Off-Topic Memento Toolkit, which allows users to detect off-topic mementos within web archive collections. The mementos identified by this toolkit can then be separately removed from a collection or merely excluded from downstream analysis. The following similarity measures are available: byte count, word count, cosine similarity, Jaccard distance, Sorensen-Dice distance, Simhash using raw text content, Simhash using term frequency, and Latent Semantic Indexing via the gensim library. We document the implementation of each of these similarity measures. We possess a gold standard dataset generated by manual analysis, which contains both off-topic and on-topic mementos. Using this gold standard dataset, we establish a default threshold corresponding to the best F1 score for each measure. We also provide an overview of potential future directions that the toolkit may take.
A food synergy approach in a national program to improve the micronutrient status of preschoolers: a randomized control trial protocol

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a significant public health issue in India affecting nearly all vulnerable segments of the population. Causes of IDA include low consumption of iron‐rich foods combined with poor iron bioavailability of nonheme iron sources. To date, interventions aimed at correcting IDA focus on increasing iron intake through iron supplementation or fortification strategies. In contrast, dietary diversification is a long‐term sustainable approach to improve bioavailable iron intake. In this context, the inclusion of vitamin C–rich fruits in the regular diet has proven to improve iron absorption, but the effect on iron status is inconclusive. Considering the ongoing national program for preschoolers in India, we designed a cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT) to test the hypothesis that inclusion of vitamin C–rich fruit in a regular meal would improve iron absorption and lead to better child iron and micronutrient status, cognitive development, gut health, and growth while reducing morbidity. This paper illustrates a context‐specific framework and activities to design and functionalize an open‐label, three‐arm cluster RCT to test a specific hypothesis. The results of this designed trial should generate evidence to inform policy on the effect of a food‐based intervention on iron status.
Cognitive Stimulation in Dementia: Time to Go into Detail. A Commentary.

While it is undeniable that cognitive stimulation (CS) is effective in patients with dementia, there is still a lack of understanding of the underlying mechanisms of the effects, and questions like “Who benefits? ” or “Which factors determine the benefits? ” are not yet answered. Therefore, this commentary gives an overview of different aspects (e.g., sociodemographic factors, disease characteristics, living setting) that need to be considered while doing research on CS to understand their impact on CS effects. It is also necessary to examine the effects of CS in real-life settings (e.g., geriatric hospitals) with mixed samples (e.g., patients with different severity of dementia). Additionally, important factors for future studies on CS in dementia (e.g., reporting according to the CONSORT guidelines, more health-economics studies) are outlined.
The Elicitation of New Users ’ Interests on Wikipedia Extended

Within the context of recommender systems, the user cold-start problem is the well-known problem of recommending items to a new user with no prior activity in the system. In this paper, we solve this problem in the context of a recommender system for Wikipedia editors. Our method is based on joint topic extraction from the documents’ content and the users’ editing history, using matrix factorisation and embedding the users and documents in a latent topic space. estions are extracted from topics dimensions of the latent space by taking the 20 highest weighted and 20 highest negatively weighted documents in each topic, and posing the question as “Which set of documents would you be more interested in editing? ”, with a “neither” answer also being possible. Our results show that our method is capable of creating semantically cohesive questions, and exhibits good performance in oine user-based evaluation.
Design of 3D knitted structures for impact absorption in sportswear

Some sports involve frequent collisions between the players, and between a player and the playing surface, leading to injuries such as muscular strains, dislocations, sprains, lacerations, fractures and soft tissue injuries. In several instances, these injuries are so severe that they may cause bone fracture or dislocation of joints. In recent years, researchers are focusing on reducing these injuries by using protective gears and protective clothing to cover the torso, head, hands and legs. For rugby uniforms, shoulder pads are integrated to reduce the incidence of shoulder injury during the making or receiving of front-on tackles. Although some shoulder pads such as closed cell foams are commercially available, they are often discarded by the players due to their stiffness and discomfort. Hence, in this research an attempt was made to explore the potential of using flexible textile structures to replace the currently used commercial foam. Three flexible textile structures (A, B and C) were designed in three dimensional (3D) structure using Shima Seiki flatbed machine. Each fabric consisted of 3 layers, 2 external (face and back) and one internal layer. Fabric A consisted of mercerized cotton (space dyed) and Elastane external layers, whereas ballistic nylon internal layer. Fabrics B and C were prepared using Dyneema (untwisted) and Elastane external layers and Dyneema (untwisted) internal layer, but with different structures. These textile structures were analysed for their collision protection using the technique of ‘drop test’. The test was based on principle of energy absorption by the textile structure due to the impact of a hard surface with them. It was assumed that the higher is the energy absorbed by the textile structure, the smaller will be the impact to the wearer. It was found that the 3D structures can provide equivalent amount of impact protection as the commercial foam (Sample D). The flexible structures recover easily with the body movement, and provide a high level of comfort. The methods of drop-test including the results are discussed in this paper. The findings of this study suggested that an equivalent level of protection can be achieved with the use of 3D textile structures and higher amount of comfort for the rugby players. Hence, the 3D textile structures can be used as an alternative material to replace the commercial closed foam currently in use in the shoulder pad to achieve similar protection and improved thermal comfort.
Sensory Perceptual Issues in Autism and Asperger Syndrome: Different Sensory Experiences - Different Perceptual Worlds

Foreword, Wendy Lawson. Foreword, Theo Peeters. Introduction to the Problem. 1. Sensory Dysfunction or Different Sensory Experiences. 2. Perception. 3. Possible Sensory Experiences in Autism. 4. Perceptual Styles 5. Cognitive Styles. 6. Other Sensory Conditions. 7. Treatments. 8. Sensory Perceptual Profile. 9. Recommendations: rainbows and Umbrellas. Conclusion. References. Appendix 1: Sensory Profile Checklist. Appendix 2: Key for Decoding Questionnaire. Photocopiable Rainbow and Table.
Semantics in generative grammar

Preface. 1. Truth-conditional Semantics and the Fregean Program. 2. Executing the Fregean Program. 3. Semantics and Syntax. 4. More of English: Non-verbal Predicates, Modifiers, Definite Descriptions. 5. Relative Clauses, Variables, Variable Binding. 6. Quantifiers: Their Semantic Type. 7. Quantification and Grammar. 8. Syntactic and Semantic Constraints on Quantifier Movement. 9. Bound and Referential Pronouns and Ellipsis. 10. Syntactic and Semantic Binding. 11. E-Type Anaphora. 12. First Steps Towards an Intensional Semantics. Index.
A Framework for Automatic Generation of FAQs from Email Repositories

In many organizations, enquiry emails from customers remain unanswered due to lack of patience and availability of a respondent. Generating FAQs from email repositories with lot of enquiry emails will be beneficial. However, manual generation of FAQs by experts is a time consuming and strenous job. Hence automatic generation of FAQs is a necessity. Automatic generation of FAQs require effective categorization of emails which is challenging since the emails are written by different people with heterogenous cognition levels. In this paper, we propose a framework using Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) and k-means that groups emails into clusters which can be used for FAQ generation. The proposed framework determines not only the broad topic under which the emails have to be tagged but also categorizes the emails into clusters with similar sub contents. The number of clusters was determined by the elbow method whereas the number of topics was fixed by calculating the percentage of relevant topics. The average Silhouette coefficient score of the resulting clusters was found to be 0.52 indicating reasonably good clusters. Also, the Silhouette coefficient score of the proposed method increased by 36.82 % compared to k-means.
Evaluating Cache Power Dissipation Across Different Process Technologies

Dynamic power dissipation due to signal transitions is the primary power dissipation source, while static power will become increasingly significant in upcoming processors. Dynamic power is directly related to the activity of the circuits, and static power depends on the amount of powered-on transistors and their physical characteristics. Thus, large circuits are usually the primary source of static power. Caches are generally the largest structures in the processor, so they are the most important sources of the static power dissipation. It is also known that increasing cache associativity and/or size to reduce the miss ratio and enhance the performance has an impact on static power and access time. On the other hand, a low access time is desired for the performance. Power and performance also depend on the number of cache ports. In this paper, CACTI 6.0 is used to evaluate cache power dissipation combined with nanometer models of various cache configurations. Cache power dissipation is focused on to show how much power cache consumes, and what fraction can be attributed to dynamic (switching) and static (leakage) currents. Where chip fabrication technology shrank from 130nm to 32nm over the last decade, in this paper, we explore a three-dimensional cache design space by studying caches with different sizes (32kB to 256kB), associativity (direct-mapped to 16-way) and process technologies (90nm, 65nm, 45nm, and 32nm).
Low-Power Digital VLSI Design: Circuits and Systems

Preface. 1. Low-Power VLSI Design: An Overview. 2. Low-Voltage Process Technology. 3. Low-Voltage Device Modeling. 4. Low-Voltage Low-Power VLSI CMOS Circuit Design. 5. Low-Voltage VLSI BiCMOS Circuit Design. 6. Low-Power CMOS Random Access Memory Circuits. 7. VLSI CMOS Subsystem Design. 8. Low-Power VLSI Design Methodology. References. Index.
Evaluation of predictive clustering quality

Predictive clustering [1] is a new supervised learning framework derived from traditional clustering. These algorithms start by identifying pure clusters (in terms of classes) that have a high probability density. Based on the information given by the clusters, these algorithms can predict the class of new instances. Compared to supervised classification, predictive clustering can discover the internal structure of the target class. It thus allows users to find the different reasons behind the same prediction: two heterogeneous instances could have the same predicted label. By its nature, predictive clustering incorporates the characteristics of both supervised classification and clustering. Thus, in the evaluation of predictive clustering results, three points should be taken into account: a high intra-cluster similarity, a low inter-cluster similarity and a good prediction rate. A predictive clustering quality criterion must balance these three points. In this this work, we propose a new criterion for measuring the predictive clustering quality. This criterion calculates the compactness and the separability of clusters using a new supervised similarity measure. This measure exploits the information given by the target class in such way that two instances are considered similar if and only if a distance between them is small and they belong to the same class. And, they are considered heterogeneous if and only if a distance between them is large and they belong to different classes. The obtained results from different simulated datasets show that the proposed criterion constantly gives the optimal number of clusters. To our knowledge, there is no analytic criterion in the state of the art that is able to measure the quality of the results generated by predictive clustering algorithms (the trade-off mentioned above) and therefore to compare with our suggested criterion. So, to compare our results, we use the well know unsupervised criterion (Davies-Bouldin) [2] and two supervised criteria (Adjusted Rand Index [3] and Variation of Information [4]) and we examine if our criterion find the good tradeoff.