Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relationship between soil erodibility and engineering properties

Different soils exhibit different erodibility (sand, clay) therefore erodibility is tied to soil properties. On the other hand, many researchers have attempted to develop such equations without much success. One problem is that erodibility is not a single number but a relationship between the erosion rate and the water velocity or the hydraulic shear stress. This erosion function is a curve and it is difficult to correlate a curve to soil properties. The main purpose of this study is to develop correlations between the elements of the erosion function (critical velocity, critical shear stress, slope of the erosion function) with elementary soil properties (plasticity index, mean grain size, unit weight, shear strength, and others). There are many tests to evaluate the erodibility of the soil in laboratory and in situ and to identify the erosion function (i.e. Jet Erosion Test, Erosion Function Apparatus, Hole Erosion Tests, etc.). This study deals with developing correlating equations between erodibility parameters obtained from many years of testing experience with Erosion Function Apparatus (EFA) and geotechnical properties of the soil.
Thermoregulation of fish and turtles in thermally stressed habitats. Annual progress report, October 1, 1977--September 30, 1978

Morphometric and heating and cooling studies on over 100 largemouth ,/ bass, Micropterus salmoides, have provided the data we needed to refine our ' time dependent body temperature model for fish. The model can now track the changes in body temperature of a bass if its weight and water temperature / J are known. The line generated with the model for predicted time constants vs body weight falls within the 95% confidence limits for the experimentally derived time constants vs body weight for 25 bass ranging in weight from 200 to 2700 g. The model is most sensitive to body diameter, body wall thickness and tissue conductivity. Doubling tissue conductivity is equivalent to decreasing body diameter by a factor of two.
Multiwave Locked System LASER photobiomodulation in the multidisciplinary team approach/ management of a 3rd degree burn on the posterior thorax in an 82-year-old woman – a case study

Introduction: In the current study, we aim to demonstrate the efficacy and significance of MLS LASER therapy in the context of post-combustion injuries, through the expeditious improvement of a harmonious healing process for the lesions. A burn is recognized as a significant concern in the medical field [1], as the majority of them are profoundly disabling [2] and negatively impact crucial facets of daily existence, as well as overall quality of life [3]. Material and methods: We hereby present the case of an 82-year-old female patient admitted to our Neuromuscular Rehabilitation Clinic Division following a post-burn incident that occurred in January 2023, characterized by flame burns of IIA-IIB-III degrees on the posterior thorax, bilateral arms, and sacral regions. Initially, the patient received care in the Plastic Surgery Clinic Division of our hospital, and after three weeks, she was transferred to our division. Here, she underwent a tailored rehabilitation program and received notable Multiwave Locked System (MLS) LASER treatment on the posterior thoracic region over ten sessions. The patient’s progress was comprehensively and objectively quantified using assessment scales. Results: Remarkable results were obtained, consisting a significant reduction in the size of the lesion on the posterior thoracic region after 10 sessions of MLS LASER photobiomodulation, along with a related improvement in locomotor and self-care dysfunctions. Conclusions: Since references in the literature regarding the use of this type of phototherapeutic intervention are relatively scarce, we consider this case study to contribute to a better understanding and appreciation of it. At the same time, an efficient multidisciplinary collaboration proves advantageous not only for the patient’s well-being, but also for the development of current therapeutic interventions, contributing to the enrichment of this complex domain.
Adherence Promotion With Tailored Motivational Messages: Proof of Concept and Message Preferences in Older Adults

This study examined the feasibility of using tailored text messages to promote adherence to longitudinal protocols and determined what facets of text message tone influence motivation. Forty-three older adults (Mage = 73.21, SD = 5.37) were recruited to engage in video-game-based cognitive training for 10 consecutive days. Participants received encouraging text messages each morning that matched their highest or lowest ranking reasons for participating in the study, after which they rated how effective each message was in motivating them to play the games that day. After 10 days, participants rated all possible messages and participated in semi-structured interviews to elicit their preferences for these messages. Results showed that messages matching participants’ reasons for participating were more motivating than mismatched messages. Further, participants preferred messages that were personalized (i.e., use second person voice) and in formal tones. Messages consistent with these preferences were also rated as more motivating. These findings establish the feasibility of using message tailoring to promote adherence to longitudinal protocols and the relevance of tailoring messages to be personal and formal.
Quantifying the contribution of glacier meltwater in the expansion of the largest lake in Tibet

Lake Siling Co is currently the largest endorheic lake in Tibet, and the lake surface area has expanded by about 40% since the 1970s, with a remarkable acceleration after 1999. In this study, a hydrologic modeling framework was established by linking the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) land surface hydrologic model with the degree‐day glacier‐melt model over the Lake Siling Co basin, with an aim to quantify the contribution of each runoff component to changes in the lake storage. We found that glacier melt contributed to less than 10% of the total water input to the lake during 1979–2013, while precipitation‐induced runoff in nonglacierized area was responsible for about 67–75%. The mean annual water input to the lake increased by 2.15 × 109 m3 yr−1 in 2000–2013 relative to that in 1979–1999. The amount of precipitation over the lake surface, precipitation‐induced runoff, and glacier‐melt runoff accounted for 13%, 82%, and 5% of this total increase, respectively, suggesting that the substantial expansion of Siling Co in the 2000s was mostly due to the increase in precipitation‐induced runoff. When modeling lake level changes during 1979–2013, we found that the water level rose by 14.1 m when glacier melt was included and by only 10.5 m, a reduction of about one fourth, when glacier melt was removed. It is concluded that glacier melt played an important role in controlling the water level of Siling Co, although it only contributed less than 10% of water input to the lake during 1979–2013.
LAND USE CHANGE IN A DEVELOPING URBAN AREA OF DUTSE METROPOLIS, JIGAWA STATE, NIGERIA:

The aim of the study is to examine land use change in a developing urban area of Dutse metropolis, Jigawa state. The paper assess land use pattern before the creation of the state and after. Sequence of changes in land use after the creation of the state till date were carefully examined. The results suggest that the pattern of land use in the study area was formally residential and agriculture with abundant chief land for many land use. With the creation of Jigawa state in 1991 a significant changes in land use has been observed. Urban growth and increasing population as a result of rural-urban migration create a very serious pressure on farm lands and other associated problems. However, between 1999-2007 the dynamic of land use came to an abrupt stand still, until from 2007- 2015 dramatic changes in land use was apparent. Settlement pattern have changed to modern urban system. Available farm lands were converted to residential, commercial and educational purposes due to urban growth. Available evidence suggests that an effective and appropriate technique for land use is essential mainly for planning and development.
Combination probiotics may prevent Clostridium difficile infection among elderly patients undergoing an orthopedic surgery

The incidence of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is greater in elderly orthopedic patients. We conducted a retrospective case-control study by selecting elderly patients who underwent proximal femoral fracture surgery to investigate the effect of probiotics on CDI prevention. Cases were diagnosed with CDI by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for C. difficile toxins using frozen stool specimens. The primary method of exposure was receipt of combination probiotics such as Streptococcus faecalis, Bacillus mesentericus, and Clostridium butyricum. The crude odds ratio between developing CDI and receiving combination probiotics was 0.074 (95% CI: 0.010–0.565; p=0.002). Adjunctive combination probiotics among elderly patients who undergo proximal femoral fracture surgery likely reduces the probability of CDI.
Evaluating the Command Climate in Military Units.

Military units are principally concerned with training and preparing for operations when they are not deployed on missions. During these periods when they are predominantly stationed in barracks, they are also occupied with a host of administrative and domestic tasks assigned by their higher formation. Despite the varied nature of day-to-day activities, heads of these units or commanders have the challenge of ensuring a suitable organisational climate (referred to as command climate) as this would inevitably contribute towards operational effectiveness.Unlike organisational climate, command climate is impacted by variables peculiar to military units. Existing literature indicates various psychological dimensions of operational effectiveness that includesmorale, group cohesion, confidence in leadership and job satisfaction. These variables have to be further verified through a systematic process i.e. scouring existing literature and conducting in-depth interviews with experienced commanders. Underlying theories impacting the various constructs will be identified to provide the necessary grounding. Subsequently,these intangible factors will be empirically measured. This research has its main objective of developing and validating a reliable and easy to use measurement tool, which would eventually enable military unit commanders to evaluate command climate as and when required.Higher formations will also be able to determine the ability of units to perform in the event they are deployed to undertake missions under stressful conditions.
A Giant Stent for Giant Cerebral Aneurysms—The Accero®-Rex-Stent

Objective: Until now, giant intracranial aneurysms (GIAs) have in many cases been a vascular disease that was difficult or impossible to treat, not least due to the lack of availability of a large-format stent. In this multicentre study, we report on the first five clinical applications of the Accero®-Rex-Stents (Acandis, Pforzheim, Germany) in the successful treatment of fusiform cerebral giant aneurysms. Material and Methods: The Accero®-Rex-Stents are self-expanding, braided, fully radiopaque Nitinol stents designed for aneurysm treatment. The stent is available in three different sizes (diameter 7–10 mm, length 30–60 mm) and intended for endovascular implantation in vessels with diameters of 5.5–10 mm. Results: Five patients (all male, age 54.4 ± 8.1 years) with large fusiform aneurysms of the posterior circulation were treated endovascularly using the Accero®-Rex-Stents. There were no technical complications. One major ischemic complication occurred. A significant remodeling and reduction in the size of the stent-covered aneurysms was already seen in the short-term post-interventional course. Conclusions: The Accero®-Rex-Stents were successfully and safely implanted in all five patients with fusiform giant aneurysms, showing technical feasibility with promising initial results and significant aneurysm size reduction in already available follow-up imaging. Key point: With the Accero-Rex-Stents, a new device is available that offers another treatment option for rare cerebral fusiform giant aneurysms with very large parent vessels.
Geological Dividing of Forests at Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas

Based on the principles of landscape ecology, mountain science and system science, after analyzing the physiognomy, water and heat environment, the rule of change of forest vegetation; the rationale, foundation and subdivision system for forest geological dividing of Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas were proposed. According to the subdivision system of three levels of forest zone, forest region and forest plot, the forests at Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas were subdivided into three zones, nine regions and 22 plots.
Prevalence and resistance characteristics of multidrug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from the respiratory tracts of hospitalized children in Shenzhen, China

Background PCV13 introduction in China has led to a significant reduction of vaccine serotype Streptococcus pneumoniae. However, non-vaccine serotypes with highly resistance and invasiveness were often reported in the post-pneumococcal conjugate vaccine era and there was regional differences. Methods A total of 669 S. pneumoniae strains were collected from the respiratory tracts of hospitalized children at Shenzhen Children’s Hospital in 2021 and 2022. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) characteristics were assessed through antibiotic susceptibility testing performed with the VITEK 2 compact system. AMR genes and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in pbp1a, pbp2b, and pbp2x were identified via analysis of whole genome sequencing data. Statistical examination of the data was conducted employing chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests. Results We found that non-vaccine serotypes strains had accounted for 46.6% of all the pneumococcal isolated strains. The most common non-vaccine serotype is 23A, with a prevalence rate of 8.9%, followed by 15A (6.6%), 6E (5.7%), 34 (3.2%), and 15B (2.9%). The multidrug resistance rates (MDR) of vaccine serotypes were 19F (99.36%), 19A (100%), 23F (98.08%), 6B (100%), and 6C (100%). Meanwhile, the MDR of non-vaccine serotypes were 15B (100.00%), 6E (100%), 15C (100%), 34 (95.24%), and 23A (98.31%). Resistance rates of 6E to more than six antibiotic classes reached 89.47%, which is similar to 19F (83.33%) and 19A (90%). Unique resistance profiles were also identified for non-vaccine serotypes, including significantly higher resistance to chloramphenicol in 6E, 15B, and 15C than in 19F and 19A. Furthermore, through genome sequencing, we revealed strong correlation of cat-TC with chloramphenicol resistance, patA/patB with tetracycline resistance, ermB and pmrA with erythromycin resistance. Conclusion The introduction of PCV13 into China from 2017 has led to a shift in the dominant composition of pneumococcal strains. There has been a notable rise and spread of multidrug-resistant non-vaccine serotypes among children. Specifically, the non-vaccine serotype 6E, which was not widely reported in China previously, has emerged. To comprehend the resistance mechanisms, it is crucial to further investigate the molecular and genetic characteristics of these non-vaccine serotypes.
Application of propidium monoazide quantitative PCR to discriminate of infectious African swine fever viruses

Introduction The detection of African swine fever virus (ASFV) is commonly performed using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), a widely used virological method known for its high sensitivity and specificity. However, qPCR has a limitation in distinguishing between infectious and inactivated virus, which can lead to an overestimation of viral targets. Methods To provide insights into ASFV infectivity, we evaluated the suitability of PMAxx, an improved version of propidium monoazide (PMA), as a means to differentiate between infectious and non-infectious ASFV. Pre-treatment with 50 μM PMAxx for 15 min significantly reduced the qPCR signal of ASFV in the live vaccine. Additionally, thermal treatment at 85°C for 5 min effectively inactivated the live ASFV in the vaccine. Based on a standard curve, the sensitivity of the PMAxx-qPCR assay was estimated to be approximately 10 copies/μL. Furthermore, we observed a strong agreement between the results obtained from PMAxx-qPCR and pig challenge experiments. Moreover, we utilized the PMAxx-qPCR assay to investigate the persistence of ASFV, revealing a close relationship between viral persistence and factors such as temperature and type of piggery materials. Conclusion The findings of this study suggest that pre-treating viruses with PMAxx prior to qPCR is a reliable method for distinguishing between infectious and non-infectious ASFV. Thus, integrating of PMAxx-qPCR into routine diagnostic protocols holds potential for improving the interpretation of positive ASFV results obtained through qPCR.
Kimono Lurik dalam Perpaduan Budaya Indonesia-Jepang

Makalah ini menggambarkan perpaduan budaya Indonesia dan Jepang dalam kimono lurik yang menggabungkan elemen kimono (pakaian tradisional Jepang) dengan kain tenun Lurik (kain tenun tradisional Indonesia). Metode deskriptif-analitis digunakan untuk menjelaskan dan menganalisis proses perpaduan budaya. Makalah ini mengajukan dua rumusan masalah: proses pengembangan kimono lurik dan dampak penggunaannya terhadap industri kain tenun lurik di Indonesia dan pasar global. Tujuan dan manfaat makalah ini adalah menjelaskan kolaborasi budaya, memahami pengaruh penggunaan kimono lurik secara holistik, serta meningkatkan kesadaran akan pentingnya perpaduan budaya dan pertumbuhan industri kain tenun lurik di pasar global.
Voter Review and Verification of Ballots

One of the major issues for voting systems today is whether they provide voters with a meaningful opportunity to verify their ballot before casting it. This opportunity is important in helping them vote their intent by catching errors or omissions made during marking, such as skipping a contest or mis-marking a selection. It is also an opportunity to confirm that whether the ballot is marked by hand or printed by a BMD, it accurately reflects their choices – including finding any malicious changes (or software errors) made by the voting system between the voter’s review and the printing of th e ballot. This review of the literature was done in preparation for research to understand how voters approach the task of marking, reviewing, verifying, and casting a ballot. We included not only research on voting systems and voting, but on related issues of trust, privacy, and mental models.
Utilizando Adapta¸c˜ao Para Permitir Acesso a Arquivos em um Ambiente Pervasivo

The Espa¸co Pervasivo de Arquivos (EPA) is a service in the larger EXEHDA middleware that provides pervasive access to ﬁles. This service introduces a new model for application-aware adaptation that allows the application to participate in the adaptation by either providing ﬁle especiﬁc information that can be used to guide the adaptation or by extending the EPA with new application modules that can adapt to new contexts. The combination of those two ways enables the EPA model to surpass many of the limitations of earlier works.
IEEE 802.16 Broadband Wireless Access Working Group

This document proposes a versatile 802.16n architecture in the limits of the 802.16n PAR Purpose To be approved and included in SRD Notice This document does not represent the agreed views of the IEEE 802.16 Working Group or any of its subgroups . It represents only the views of the participants listed in the “Source(s)” field above. It is offered as a basis for discussion. It is not binding on the contributor(s), who reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release The contributor grants a free, irrevocable license to the IEEE to incorporate material contained in this contribution, and any modifications thereof, in the creation of an IEEE Standards publication; to copyright in the IEEE’s name any IEEE Standards publication even though it may include portions of this contribution; and at the IEEE’s sole discretion to permit others to reproduce in whole or in part the resulting IEEE Standards publication. The contributor also acknowledges and accepts that this contribution may be made public by IEEE 802.16.
Aerobic degradation processes in active landfill cells

II Acknowledgements . VII 1 CHAPTER 1: Introduction. 1 1.1 Problem Statement . 1 1.2 Objectives of the research . 3 References . 5 2 CHAPTER 2: Literature review . 7 2.1 Landfill in waste management systems . 7 2.2 Procedure of waste placement in a modern landfill . 9 2.3 Greenhouse gas emissions from landfill . 11 2.4 Waste degradation processes in landfill . 12 2.5 The importance of landfill gas. 14 2.6 Measurement of landfill gas generation . 14 2.6. 1 Direct methods for measuring CH4 emission . 15 2.7 Landfill gas models . 17 2.8 Aerobic degradation processes in landfill . 20 2.8. 1 CH4 oxidation . 21 2.9 Methods to measure the rate CH4 oxidation and composting in landfills . 22 2.9. 1 Methods to measure the rate of CH4 oxidation . 22
LGHAP v2: A global gap-free aerosol optical depth and PM 2.5 1 concentration dataset since 2000 derived via big earth data analytics

The Long-term Gap-free High-resolution Air Pollutants concentration dataset (LGHAP) provides spatially 14 contiguous daily aerosol optical depth (AOD) and particulate matters (PMs) concentration at 1-km grid resolution in China 15 since 2000. This advancement empowered some unprecedented assessments of aerosol variations and its impacts on 16 environment, health, and climate in the past few years. However, there is a need to improve such a MODIS-like gap-free high 17 resolution AOD and PM 2.5 concentration dataset with new robust features. In this study, we present the version 2 of such a 18 global-scale LGHAP dataset (LGHAP v2) that was generated using an improved big earth data analytics approach via a 19 seamless integration of distinct data science, pattern recognition, and deep learning methods. To better reconstruct global AOD 20 distribution from daily MODIS AOD imageries
Crustal-scale structure of South Tien Shan: implications for subduction polarity and Cenozoic reactivation

Abstract Based on new structural and petrological investigations, we present two crustal-scale cross-sections of the Kyrgyz South Tien Shan, and correlations of main faults and units between Kyrgyzstan and China. The overall structure corresponds to a doubly-vergent mountain belt. The Kyrgyz and Chinese areas exhibit identical structural and metamorphic histories. To the west, the Atbashi Range comprises high-pressure oceanic and continental units stacked by north-verging thrusts above a low metamorphic accretionary prism. High-pressure (HP) gneisses are bound to their south by a south-dipping detachment exhibiting mantle relicts. The high-pressure oceanic and continental units underwent similar pressure–temperature (P–T) paths with peak conditions of around 500 °C–20 kbar, followed by rapid exhumation. The overall south-dipping structure and kinematics indicate a south-dipping subduction of the Central Tien Shan Ocean at 320–310 Ma, ending with the docking of the Tarim block to the Kazakh continent. To the east, the Pobeda Massif shows a narrow push-up structure. A major north-vergent thrust exhumes deep-crustal-level granulites, constituting the highest summits, which were thrust towards the north onto low-grade Devonian–Carboniferous schists. The southern part of South Tien Shan is made up of a south-verging thrust stack that formed later during ongoing convergence, reactivated throughout post-30 Ma phases.