Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Neues zur Epidemiologie von Lawsonia-intracellularis-Infektion bei Schweinen

Lawsonia intracellularis (L. intracellularis) ist ein weltweit verbreitetes, obligat intrazelluläres Bakterium, welches den Dünnund teilweise den Dickdarm von Schweinen sowie anderen Säugetieren befällt. Die Erkrankung beim Schwein, welche unter anderem mit einer Verdickung der Darmschleimhaut einhergehen kann, wird Porzine Proliferative Enteropathie (PPE) genannt. Bei der PPE werden akute, chronische und subklinische Formen der Erkrankung unterschieden.
Primary Evaluation of Appling HMGA2 in the Diagnosis of Thyroid Carcinoma

Background Molecular marker is on the hot spot for thyroid tumor research in the recent years. The purpose of this study is try to clarify the value of HMGA2 for differential diagnosis between benign and malignant thyroid nodules in order to further assessing the risk of simultaneous cervical lymph nodes metastasis. Methods With a total of 125 thyroid samples, including 85 papillary thyroid carcinomas, 20 follicular thyroid adenomas and 20 normal thyroid tissue were retrospectively analyzed, and we compare expression level of HMGA2 protein among these three groups in this study. PTC group was then subdivided according to the number of metastasis lymph nodes in order to explore the possibility of using HMGA2 protein to predict invasion of lymph nodes in PTC. We also compare the efficiency of BRAFV600E mutation and HMGA2 expression level in the prediagnosis of cervical lymph node metastasis during the experiment. Results Expression rate of HMGA2 protein in PTC was measured at 100%, which has significant statistical differences with HMGA2 in FTA and NT (P < 0.05). Moreover, there was no significant correlation between expression level of HMGA2 and the size of PTC; whether it accompanied by Hashimoto's thyroiditis; high expression level of HMGA2 could be more sensitive in the prediagnosis of cervical lymph node metastasis than BRAFV600E mutation. Conclusion ①HMGA2 protein can be used as a molecular marker for differential diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid nodules. ②The expression level of HMGA2 protein is correlated with cervical lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma, performing an auxiliary value for clinical decision.
Baja incidencia y alta mortalidad por COVID-19 en Cirugía General durante la primera ola de la pandemia

Introduccion y objetivo: La infeccion por coronavirus (COVID-19) en pacientes intervenidos es causa de importante mortalidad postoperatoria, aunque su incidencia es variable. El objetivo primario fue evaluar la incidencia de COVID-19 en los pacientes intervenidos en nuestro Servicio de Cirugia General y Digestiva, durante el maximo impacto de la pandemia en Espana. El objetivo secundario fue evaluar la mortalidad perioperatoria y determinar los factores de riesgo para la infeccion por COVID-19. Material y metodos: Estudio observacional retrospectivo de pacientes consecutivos sometidos a Cirugia General y Digestiva con ingreso superior a 24 horas, del 1 de febrero de 2020 al 30 de abril de 2020 en un hospital terciario de Madrid, Espana. Resultados: Se analizaron 441 pacientes: 423 sin COVID-19 y 18 con COVID-19. Las caracteristicas preoperatorias y operatorias fueron similares para ambos grupos, salvo por el grado ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists). La incidencia de COVID-19 en los pacientes intervenidos fue del 4,1 %. La mortalidad postoperatoria fue elevada, del 22,2 % en pacientes con COVID‑19, frente a un 2,8 % en pacientes no COVID‑19 (p: 0,003). Los factores de riesgo para la infeccion por COVID-19 en los pacientes intervenidos fueron una estancia hospitalaria prolongada (OR: 1,035 [95 % CI: 1,007 ‑ 1,065]) y la reintervencion quirurgica (OR: 5,025 [95 % CI: 1,650 – 15,311]). Conclusion: Las intervenciones durante la pandemia de COVID-19 causaron una baja tasa de infeccion con elevada mortalidad postoperatoria. La intervencion quirurgica debe valorarse frente al riesgo adicional para el paciente en contextos de alta transmision.
Field Emission Simulations of Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene with an Atomic Model

Field Emission Simulations of Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene with an Atomic Model Most models of field emission from carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene sheets consider the geometry of the emitter tip as a smooth spherical surface. In these models, indicated with the terms simplified geometry (SG), the electronic distribution is not taken into account. However, the electronic distribution is concentrated around the atoms nuclei and their bonds forming hexagonal patterns that affect the field enhancement and largely determines the field emission. In this paper we evaluate the field emission in a SG-model and compare it with the emission in a ball-stick model that better represents the atomic structure at the surface of the emitter. We found that the emission current from open and capped carbon nanotubes and for graphene sheets is typically 10 times larger in the ball-stick geometry than in the SG. Furthermore, different morphologies of the CNT highlight the sensitivity of the emission current.
The Role of Smog in Firm Valuation

ABSTRACT This paper examines the influence of smog on firm earnings and information content using the data of Chinese A share listed firms and the air quality monitoring data released by the China National Environmental Monitoring Center from 2013 to 2017. The empirical results show that smog will not only negatively influence the earnings of local firms, but also result in a decrease in the information content of their earnings for market valuations. This paper further tests the role of firm size in the influence mechanism of smog on earnings and information content. The results reveal the significant moderating effect of firm size in the influence mechanism, which is reflected by large-scale firms being more likely to suffer earnings decrease and less likely to suffer earnings information content decrease due to smog, while small-scale firms tend to experience the opposite.
Prediction of infection risk associated with the dynamic behavior of aerosol particles during dental aerosol generating procedures in dental clinics in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic

Background: The health emergency declaration owing to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has drawn attention toward nosocomial transmission. The transmission of the disease varies depending on the environmental conditions. Saliva is a recognized SARS-CoV-2 reservoir in infected individuals. Therefore, exposure to fluids during dental procedures leads to a high risk of contagion. Objective: This study aimed to develop an infection risk prediction model for COVID-19 based on an analysis of the dynamic behavior of aerosol particles generated during dental procedures. Materials and methods: The dispersion of aerosol particles during dental aerosol-generating procedures (AGPs) performed on phantoms was evaluated using colored saliva. The gravity-deposited aerosol particles were registered using filter paper within the perimeter of the phantom head and the settled particles were recorded in standardized photographs. Digital images were processed to analyze the stained area and the drops dimensions. A logistic regression model was built with the variables ventilation, distance from the mouth, instrument used, area of the mouth treated, and location within the perimeter area. Results: The largest percentage of aerosol particles ranged from 1 to 5 µm. The maximum settlement range from the mouth of the phantom head was 320 cm, with a high-risk cut-off distance of 78 cm. Ventilation, distance, instrument used, area of the mouth being treated, and location within the perimeter showed association with the amount of aerosol particles. These variables were used for constructing a scale to determine the risk of exposure to aerosol particles in dentistry within an infection risk prediction model. Conclusion: Contamination by disseminated aerosol particles represents a risk for the dental staff. Thus, it is advisable to improve ventilation and use biosafety measures. The need to implement new clinical and educational strategies was evident. This model is useful for predicting the risk of exposure to COVID-19 in dental practice.
Crystal Structure Control of Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Using Solvent Casting

Japan )  4 Tokyo Institute of Technology ( 2  12  1  S8  27 Meguro, Ookayama Tokyo 152  8552, Japan ) Poly ( vinylidene fluoride ) ( PVDF ) has three crystal structures: forms I, II, and III. Each structure was fabricated by solvent casting using various solvents. In this study, we demonstrated how to fabricate forms I, II, and III using one solvent ( hexamethylphosphoric triamide ) , The results and revealed that the crystal structure of PVDF depended on the evaporation rate of the solvent. Eventually, Form I was formed into when the
Modification of Critical Current Density Anisotropy in High-Tc Superconductors by Using Heavy-Ion Irradiations

The critical current density Jc, which is a maximum value of zero-resistivity current density, is required to exhibit not only larger value but also lower anisotropy in a magnetic field B for applications of high-Tc superconductors. Heavy-ion irradiation introduces nanometer-scale irradiation tracks, i.e., columnar defects (CDs) into high-Tc superconducting materials, which can modify both the absolute value and the anisotropy of Jc in a controlled manner: the unique structures of CDs, which significantly affect the Jc properties, are engineered by adjusting the irradiation conditions such as the irradiation energy and the incident direction. This paper reviews the modifications of the Jc anisotropy in high-Tc superconductors using CDs installed by heavy-ion irradiations. The direction-dispersion of CDs, which is tuned by the combination of the plural irradiation directions, can provide a variety of the magnetic field angular variations of Jc in high-Tc superconductors: CDs crossing at ±θi relative to the c-axis of YBa2Cu3Oy films induce a broad peak of Jc centered at B || c for θi < ±45°, whereas the crossing angle of θi ≥ ±45° cause not a Jc peak centered at B || c but two peaks of Jc at the irradiation angles. The anisotropy of Jc can also modified by tuning the continuity of CDs: short segmented CDs formed by heavy-ion irradiation with relatively low energy are more effective to improve Jc in a wide magnetic field angular region. The modifications of the Jc anisotropy are discussed on the basis of both structures of CDs and flux line structures depending on the magnetic field directions.
Constitutional Law of Russia. Training course

The book covers the issues of Russian constitutional law, the formation and development of constitutional and legal institutions, and analyzes the problems of forming the constitutional and legal foundations of Russia's political development. The second volume of the publication deals with the issues of state structure, the electoral system, state power and local self-government in the Russian Federation. For students studying for a master's degree, as well as for students studying undergraduate and specialist programs, graduate students, law school teachers, and anyone interested in various aspects of Russian constitutionalism.
Seven Autophagy-Related Genes are Associated with the Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Predicting Survival Risk of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) ranks first among global cancer-related deaths. Despite the emergence of various immunological and targeted therapies, immune tolerance remains a barrier to treatment. Methods: It has been found that this obstacle can be overcome by targeting autophagy-related genes (ATGs). ATGs were screened by coexpression analysis and the genes related to the prognosis of lung cancer were screened using Kaplan–Meier (K-M) survival analysis, univariate Cox regression, and multivariate Cox regression. The prognostic risk model of ATGs was constructed and verified using K-M survival analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results: The prognostic risk model of ATGs was constructed. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) showed that the function and pathway of ATG enrichment were closely related to immune cell function. CIBERSORT, LM22 matrix, and Pearson correlation analysis showed that risk signals were significantly correlated with immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoint genes. Conclusions: We identified and independently verified the ATG (AL691432.2, MMP2-AS1, AC124067.2, CRNDE, ABALON, AL161431.1, NKILA) in NSCLC patients and found that immune regulation in the tumor microenvironment is closely related to this gene.
FTIR and XRD Investigations of Tetracycline Intercalation in Smectites

Due to swelling, smectite minerals are capable of intercalating many organic molecules in their interlayer space. Tetracycline (TC) is a group of antibiotics used extensively in human and veterinary medicine. The great aqueous solubility and long environmental half life of TC mean that the study of interactions between swelling clay minerals and TC are of great importance in TC transport and retention in subsurface soils. In the present study, the intercalation of TC molecules at different levels into smectites was investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The shift of the FTIR bands of amide I and II in comparison to crystalline TC suggested a strong interaction between the amide groups and the clay surfaces. The band at 1455 cm−1 remained the same after TC intercalation into SAz-1, SWy-2, and SYn-1, suggesting that complexation was not a dominant mechanism of TC uptake by these minerals. With cation exchange as the major mechanism of TC intercalation into these minerals, simultaneous removal of H+ from solution protonated the TC molecules and provided a positive charge to interact with negatively charged mineral surfaces even in neutral to slightly alkaline conditions. The increase in interlayer distance after intercalation by TC, as revealed by XRD, suggested a tilted orientation of the intercalated TC molecules in both twisted conformation in acidic condition and extended conformation in alkaline condition.
Histological Studies on Ageing Changes in the Cornea of Indian Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)

Background: Affections of eye commonly encountered in all the species of animals. If these not treated in time, the vision may be hampered, this may impair the physical ability, utility and productivity of animals leading to economic loss to the animal owners. Corneal dystrophies like basement membrane dystrophy, stromal dystrophy, endothelial dystrophy, corneal erosions and corneal ulcerations etc., seen in the aged buffaloes. The current study was carried out to establish basic data and to provide authentic information to the clinicians on ageing changes in eyes of buffaloes.Methods: The study on age related changes in the cornea was conducted on 63 eye balls of locally available buffaloes of different breeds in and around Proddatur. These buffaloes were categorized into 3 groups based on their age i.e., group I (1-5 yrs), group II (6-10 yrs) and group III (11 yrs and above) buffaloes. The eyeballs were isolated and fixed with Davidson’s fluid. The paraffin sections of cornea were subjected for routine histological study.Result: The mean total thickness (µm) of cornea was increased from group I to III animals and it was 747.22±13.57, 853.33±11.05 and 897.22±8.06. Hence, The mean thickness (µm) of all five layers of cornea increased with advancement of age. Superficial corneal epithelial layer was made up of non keratinized stratified squamous epithelium with 6 to 7 layers at early age and 12-14 layers of cells in adult animals. The mean thickness (µm) of corneal epithelium in group I to III animals was 117.04±3.37, 122.59±2.23 and 133.71±3.55 respectively. Bowman’s membrane of cornea was measured 12.97±0.86, 17.22±0.55 and 18.71±0.68 in group I, II and III animals respectively. The mean thickness (µm) of corneal stroma in group I to III animals was 600.75±10.33, 672.22±10.46 and 690.00±5.32 respectively. This was mainly due to progressive increase in number of collagenous lamellae. The keratocytes became thin in old animals. Thickness of posterior band zone (PBZ) of Descemet’s membrane was increased with advancement of age. The mean thickness (µm) of Descemet’s membrane and endothelium together was in group I, II and III animals was 16.48±0.91, 41.29±2.25 and 54.82±1.44 respectively. The corneal endothelial cells were enlarged and increased in size in old buffaloes. The age related pigmentation was also noticed in epithelium and stroma of cornea in animals of group III. Density of sub basal nerve plexuses between the stroma and the corneal epithelium was not altered with advancement of age.
Methane emission reduction from storage of manure and digestate-slurry

Abstract Manure storage is a source of methane. An option to mitigate methane emissions from manure storage is to collect the methane produced in the storage and feed it into a dispersion layer underground. In the soil above, the methane is subsequently oxidized by methanotrophic bacteria. A previous study indicated that the method seems technically and economically feasible with costs for emission reduction of methane of €1–4 per ton CO2‐eq. mitigated. The concept was demonstrated at a pilot facility next to a storage for manure digestate and proof of concept was achieved at field scale. It was technically simple to capture methane and feed it into a dispersion system at about 1 m below the surface. Indications exist, that part of the methane was oxidised in the soil. However actual methane oxidation could not be determined, because there are serious doubts whether all methane did enter the oxidation field. For actual applications, quantification of gas generation in manure and oxidation rate of the soil need to be improved, to design an oxidation field.
Inflammatory and Immune Disorders Associated with Myelodysplastic Syndromes

Systemic auto-inflammatory or autoimmune diseases (SIADs) develop in up to a quarter of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) or chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML). With or without the occurrence of SIADs, the distribution of MDS subtypes and the international or CMML-specific prognostic scoring systems have been similar between MDS/CMML patients. Moreover, various SIADs have been described in association with MDS, ranging from limited clinical manifestations to systemic diseases affecting multiple organs. Defined clinical entities including systemic vasculitis, connective tissue diseases, inflammatory arthritis and neutrophilic diseases are frequently reported; however, unclassified or isolated organ impairment can also be seen. Although the presence of SIADs does not impact the overall survival nor disease progression to acute myeloid leukemia, they can help with avoiding steroid dependence and make associated adverse events of immunosuppressive drugs challenging. While therapies using steroids and immunosuppressive treatment remain the backbone of first-line treatment, increasing evidence suggests that MDS specific therapy (hypomethylating agents) and sparing steroids may be effective in treating such complications based on their immunomodulatory effect. The aim of this review was to analyze the epidemiological, pathophysiological, clinical and therapeutic factors of systemic inflammatory and immune disorders associated with MDS.
A review article on artificial intelligence

Artificial intelligence (AI) is the emulation of human intelligence in computers that have been trained to think and behave like humans. The word may also refer to any computer that exhibits human-like characteristics like learning and problem-solving. Artificial intelligence is intelligence demonstrated by machines, as opposed to natural intelligence, which involves consciousness and emotionality and is demonstrated by humans and animals [1].
Archaeometallurgical Characterization of Numismatic Artifacts

The discovery of metals and alloys greatly contributed to the development of human civilizations; their role in shaping history is recognized by the scientific community even through the denomination of some archaeological periods (Copper Age, Bronze Age, and Iron Age). Archaeometallurgy appeared from the application of usually non destructive analytical techniques for the characterization of cultural heritage objects, with emphasis on metal artifacts. This article presents a case study regarding the application of fast and non-destructive methods (energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence and metallurgical microscopy) for the characterization of selected numismatic artifacts, thus obtaining information regarding their composition, authenticity, and state of preservation.
Tolerable Suboptimization: Racial Consequences of Defunding Public Universities

We argue that the public defunding of public higher education and turn to private revenue streams—for example, non-resident tuition, grants, philanthropy, and corporate sponsorship—generates organizational racial resource disparities. We draw on a year-long qualitative case study of a University of California campus with a majority Latinx and low-income student body, including ethnographic observations and interviews with administrators, staff, and students, to argue that these disparities may impede majority-marginalized universities’ abilities to serve their student body. Our data demonstrate how limited organizational resources impact the provision of academic advising, mental health, and cultural programming for racially marginalized students. We articulate a racial neoliberal cycle of resource allocation: Colorblind constructs of “merit” lead to racial segregation and generate racialized organizational hierarchies that result in unequal organizational access to private resources. University leadership at resourced-starved majoritymarginalized universities may respond to fiscal constraints by accepting and normalizing suboptimal support for students—what we refer to as “tolerable suboptimization. ” Tolerable suboptimization may also be unevenly applied within universities, such that supports accessed or needed by marginalized students are the most impacted. As a consequence, institutional racism can take on the appearance of financial necessity.
Classical Models for Twin Data: The Case of Categorical Data

ABSTRACT The classical models ACE and ADE were used in the 1990’s to estimate heredity of a phenotype from data on monozygotic and dizygotic twins. The author extended these models to a model called ACDE with four parameters instead of only three. In that paper, the data were assumed to be continuous. This paper considers the same models in the case where the data is categorical. It is showed how these models can be estimated by maximum likelihood. An example is given based on twin data on BMI from the UK. This is the same data as in the previous paper but in categorized form.