Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Model-based Classification

• A probability model is a joint distribution of a set of observations. • Often, a model is indexed by a parameter. Each value of the parameter gives a different distribution of the data. – The parameter of a Bernoulli is the probability of heads. – The parameters of a Gaussian are its mean and variance. • Many models (but not all) assume the data are independent and identically distributed. N n=1 p (x i | π). (1) Each term is a Bernoulli, p (x n | π) = π 1(x n =h) (1 − π) 1(x n =t) (2) • Suppose we flip a coin N times and record the outcomes. • Further suppose that we think that the probability of heads is π. (This is distinct from whatever the probability of heads " really " is.)
The effectiveness of defect-to-yield correlations [semiconductor manufacture]

Most semiconductor manufacturers have a yield enhancement group to continually monitor and evaluate probe and E-test data. In addition to assuring that devices meet parametric specifications, the yield enhancement group will also focus on understanding the relationship between post fab probe data and in-line wafer processing data. In-line data is information such as equipment ID, operator, wafer sequence, lot sequence, thickness/CD, equipment clean frequency or any other measurable and recordable event that occurs during the manufacturing process. When clear correlations are found between the post fab probe and in-line data, redirection of product flow or some type of corrective action needs to be considered. This method of continuous process control driven by electrical correlation to in-line manufacturing events drives up the yield and improves a companies time to market and profit metrics.
Photonic balancing and its application in optical receivers and regenerators for fiber-optic systems

We present an optical receiver for RZ-DPSK signals that use photonic balancing. Photonic balancing is achieved through pulse counter-propagation and collision in a saturated SOA. We explain the principles of photonic balancing and show how it can lead to an improvement in RZ-DPSK detection by 3 dB, similar to electrical balancing. We also show how this scheme can be used as a Mamyshev-type regenerator.
MODELO DE ARMADO DE CURSOS FLEXIBLES EN UN ENTORNO VIRTUAL DE RED ACADÉMICA

Este trabajo presenta un modelo conceptual para el armado de cursos flexibles, donde al estudiante se le permite realizar diferentes actividades para cumplir con los objetivos educativos de los mismos. El caso de estudio es la plataforma virtual de la red academica FORHUM (acronimo de FORmacion HUMana). Dicha plataforma fue concebida para facilitar el intercambio de conocimiento y la colaboracion entre los miembros de una red de instituciones de Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia y Colombia que trabajan en tematicas del Habitat. El modelo propuesto surgio de la evaluacion del diseno de la central de ensamblaje de cursos en la plataforma virtual, en su primera version, y del estudio de este proceso en otros entornos virtuales para la educacion. El modelo de ensamblaje de cursos, aqui propuesto, permite la personalizacion de los mismos segun diferentes estilos de aprendizaje, transferir el control del aprendizaje al estudiante y facilita la reutilizacion de objetos de aprendizaje creados por otros miembros de la red.
A dual‐band array antenna using dome‐shaped radiating patches

A novel design of a dual‐band array antenna for Wireless Local Area Network and Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access applications is presented in this article. The antenna operates at 3.5 dBi (the lower band) and 5.8 GHz (the upper band), with gains of 7.8 and 5.5 dBi, respectively. The corresponding percentage bandwidths are 2.85 and 2.40%. The overall length of the feeding network was reduced significantly because the elements in the array are closer to each other, with a separation of less than λeff/4. There is good agreement between simulation and measurement results. The results of the surface current study also are presented. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:2680–2686, 2013
Precursor systems analyses of an automated highway system

The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) has begun to develop an automated highway system (AHS). The AHS program plan is briefly described. A set of precursor systems analyses that have been outlined to guide the initial phase of AHS development is described. These analyses examine AHS requirements, issues, and risks in the areas of AHS applications, technology, design, deployment, operation, and practicality.
On the Solution of a Microstripline with Two Dielectrics

We present the calculation for, the capacitance and the effective dielectric constant for a microstripline with two different dielectrics. The solution is based on the exact transformation law provided by two successive Schwarz-Christoffel transformations, which is given in terms of the Jacobi Z/sub n/ function. This function can be easily separated into its real and imaginary parts, allowing the exact determination of the curve which separates the two dielectrics in the transformed plane. Once the curve is obtained, the capacitance of the system is calculated numerically by a finite-difference method. We compare our results with data obtained from Wheeler's approximate ellipse solution, as well as with other analytical solutions. We assume an infinitely wide ground plane and TEM-mode propagation.
A Novel Flow Regime Identification Based on PCA Feature Extraction and ELM Networks in ERT System

Two-phase flow exists widely in industrial production process. On-line intelligent identification of flow parameters plays an increasingly important role in the industrial production safety. Among flow parameters, the identification of flow regimes is especially important and valuable for industrial processes control. To satisfy the on-line identification, it is necessary to reduce time consuming in training and recognition phase. In the paper, the parameters measurements are implemented in Electrical resistance tomography (ERT), which is a process tomography technology based on electrical resistance sensing mechanism. A new identification method is proposed using PCA feature extraction and Extreme learning neural networks. Simulation was carried out for typical flow regimes core flow, laminar flow, circulation flow and trickle flow. The results show its feasibility. In order to prove its advantage in improving speed, running time using back propagation and support vector machine algorithms are compared with extreme learning machine. The experiments results indicate that this method significant reduces time consuming in training phase.
Evolution of the autonomous surface craft AutoCat

At the MIT Sea Grant College Program, autonomous surface craft (ASCs) have been under development since 1993. These systems have been designed for various missions and have demonstrated success in three separate iterations. The current goal of ASC research at MIT is to develop an easily deployed system that can serve as a tool for educational use, as a precision survey platform, and as a communications and navigation link to an AUV. In the past, this goal has been hampered by limitations in the mechanical design of the current system. Since September 1998 significant improvements have been made to the design of the current ASC. New power, propulsion, and control systems have been installed. These improve the performance of the vehicle and significantly reduce the mechanical and electronic failures that troubled the previous system. In addition, structural modifications have been made to make deployments and operations easier. These design improvements promise to make the ASC a more useful tool for, and provide greater service to, the Autonomous Underwater Vehicles Laboratory at MIT. The paper briefly presents the history of ASC development at MIT. It then documents the design changes made to the current vehicle. The problems experienced with the old designs are identified and the improvements represented by the new systems are explained. The paper concludes with a brief discussion of the next mission for the ASC.
Novel Design of Biped Robot Using Cable Differential Joint

In this paper, a novel design of cable differential joint for biped robot is proposed. The transmission of joint is cable and operates in differential mode. Then, cable differential joints are employed to the humanoid robot BHLEG for its torque redistribution, 3-Degree of Freedom (DOF) cable differential joint for hip, one DOF joint for knee, and 2-DOF cable differential joint for ankle. According to the distribution of human energy, torque redistribution of cable differential joint can reduce the power consumption of actuator. Simultaneously, the peak torque and size of actuator is reduced. The aim of this paper is to verify a simplest mechanism for biped walking with lower energy consumption.
Outliers detection in industrial databases: An example sulphur recovery process

Abstract Many industrial complexes have automatic systems for monitoring key operational variables and storing them in a database. These industrial databases are used to improve plant performance by means of the estimations of quality variables, to analyse the process behavior in terms of variations in incoming materials, fault detection and online diagnosis. The measurements stored in the database can be contaminated by outliers, which must be discarded in order to have a consistent set of data. This work presents a nonlinear procedure for outliers detection based on residual analysis of Partial Least Squares with Artificial Neural Networks. The use of robust training method is proposed to deal with the presence of outliers in the training dataset. This procedure was tested on a dataset of a sulphur recovery process contaminated with natural and synthetic outliers. The results show that the proposed method is effective and outperforms conventional approaches reducing swamping and masking effects.
Improving Learning, Skills and Inclusion: The Impact of Policy on Post-Compulsory Education

Section 1: What are the issues? 1. The main themes 2. The context and rationale of the research and the book Section 2: What does the research show? 3. The learners' story 4. The policy-makers' stories 5. The tutors' stories 6. The story of the sector in action 7 . How inclusive is the sector? Section 3: Overall implications 8. Alternative futures Methodological appendix: How we developed the stories
Intracranial hemorrhages in children with immune thrombocytopenia

Primary immune thrombocytopenia is a benign and self-limiting process in the majority of children. Severe life-threatening hemorrhages, including intracranial, develop rarely. Risk factors predisposing for development of severe hemorrhagic complications have not been determined. In order to decrease the severity of neurological consequences and mortality in intracranial hemorrhages, timely combined urgent therapy is neсessary. There are four clinical cases of intracranial hemorrhage in immune thrombocytopenia in children with different outcomes in this article. The parents of the patients agreed to use the information, including photos of children, in scientific research and publications.
A directional coupler of a vertically installed planar circuit structure

A 3-dB directional coupler is described which is fabricated by installing a vertical second printed circuit board on a main printed circuit board. The added vertical substrate significantly increases the freedom of design parameters. Coupling parameters are easily controlled by changing either the dielectric constants or the thicknesses of the substrates. This makes almost any coupling constant available along with good isolation and a suitable input impedance. The three-dimensional structure also makes a good use of space, resulting in a compact circuit structure. Experimental results agree well with a numerical calculation based on the boundary-element method and show the relaxed tolerances possible in fabrication. Effective permittivities and characteristic impedances for both even and odd modes were obtained and were substituted into the scattering matrix to obtain the parameters for a symmetrical directional coupler. A simplified design chart is also provided showing the dependence of characteristic impedances for odd and even modes on substrate thicknesses used. >
High-power photonic millimetre wave generation at 100 GHz using matching-circuit-integrated uni-travelling-carrier photodiodes

The design and characterisation of a millimetre wave uni-travelling-carrier photodiode with a monolithically integrated matching (impedance transform) circuit utilising a coplanar-waveguide short stub are presented. The device with the matching circuit shows about 50% higher efficiency at 100 GHz than the one without it. The frequency response was characterised through time-domain measurement by means of an electro-optic sampling technique. The 1 dB down bandwidth of the device is as wide as 40 GHz, and the frequency response characteristics are in good agreement with circuit model calculations. The maximum saturation output power is 20.8 mW at 100 GHz for a bias voltage of -3 V, which is the highest output power ever generated directly from a photodiode in the W-band.
Status of ADRIANO R&D in T1015 Collaboration

The physics program for future High Energy and High Intensity experiments requires an energy resolution of the calorimetric component of detectors at limits of traditional techniques and an excellent particle identification. The novel ADRIANO technology (A Dualreadout Integrally Active Non-segmented Option), currently under development at Fermilab, is showing excellent performance on those respects. Results from detailed Monte Carlo studies on the performance with respect to energy resolution, linear response and transverse containment and a preliminary optimization of the layout are presented. A baseline configuration is chosen with an estimated energy resolution of σ(E)/E ≈ 30%/√E , to support an extensive R&D program recently started by T1015 Collaboration at Fermilab. Preliminary results from several test beams at the Fermilab Test Beam Facility (FTBF) of a ~ 1λI prototype are presented. Future prospects with ultra-heavy glass are, also, summarized.
MIMO multiband antenna system with nonresonant elements

Multi‐input multi‐output (MIMO) technology will enable high‐data rates in wireless devices to allow speech and video calls to streaming media and web browsing all over a common platform. MIMO technology needs M antennas both in transmission and reception. As the space in a wireless device is limited, including M antennas is a challenge. To face such challenge, a MIMO antenna system is proposed which comprises two small nonresonant elements operating in the frequency region 824–960 MHz and two identical elements operating at 1710–2170 MHz. The size of each of the nonresonant elements is only 5 × 5 × 5 mm3. The proposed MIMO system is analyzed in terms of bandwidth, efficiency, correlation, and multiplexing efficiency. MIMO capacity is measured in a reverberation chamber considering a free‐space Rayleigh scenario and also including the effect of a phantom head and hand. The results reveal that the proposed MIMO system provides capacity close to the ideal bound while having a small size and able to operate at several 2G, 3G, and 4G long term evolution standards. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:183–190, 2015
Effects of Electric Vehicle Fast Charging on Battery Life and Vehicle Performance

As part of the U.S. Department of Energy’s Advanced Vehicle Testing Activity, four new 2012 Nissan Leaf battery electric vehicles were instrumented with data loggers and operated over a fixed on-road test cycle. Each vehicle was operated over the test route, and charged twice daily. Two vehicles were charged exclusively by AC level 2 EVSE, while two were exclusively DC fast charged with a 50 kW charger. The vehicles were performance tested on a closed test track when new, and after accumulation of 50,000 miles. The traction battery packs were removed and laboratory tested when the vehicles were new, and at 10,000-mile intervals. Battery tests include constant-current discharge capacity, electric vehicle pulse power characterization test, and low peak power tests. The on-road testing was carried out through 70,000 miles, at which point the final battery tests were performed. The data collected over 70,000 miles of driving, charging, and rest are analyzed, including the resulting thermal conditions and power and cycle demands placed upon the battery. Battery performance metrics including capacity, internal resistance, and power capability obtained from laboratory testing throughout the test program are analyzed. Results are compared within and between the two groups of vehicles. Specifically, the impacts onmore » battery performance, as measured by laboratory testing, are explored as they relate to battery usage and variations in conditions encountered, with a primary focus on effects due to the differences between AC level 2 and DC fast charging. The contrast between battery performance degradation and the effect on vehicle performance is also explored. « less
Underwater Movement of Obstacles Due to Explosive Detonation

Title of Thesis: Underwater Movement of Obstacles D ue to Explosive Detonation Alexander Sergeevich Tsarev, Master of Science, 2007 Thesis Directed By: Professor William Fourney Department of Mechanical Engineering The U.S. Navy has an interest in researching the mo ve ent of obstacles in shallow water due to an explosive detonation. Obstacles that are pl ced in shallow water on a shoreline can damage vehicles that are attempting to land on sh re. The U.S. Navy believes that explosives can be used to clear the obstacles out o f the way and create a safe path for vehicles. Conducting tests on small scale is a che p and relatively safe, but it would normally require reducing atmospheric pressure by t he scale factor which cannot be easily achieved. The Naval Surface Warfare Center, Indian Head Division, is investigating a “Low Pressure” scaling method that should work for small scales in normal atmospheric pressure. The method alters the depth and size of charge in order to create the same gas bubble growth as measured in fu ll scale conditions. This study examines the validity of the Low Pressure scaling m ethod by comparing the results to other similar studies. This study also makes some ind pendent analysis of factors such as depth of water, size of charge, obstacle orientatio n and obstacle stand off distance from the charge. UNDERWATER MOVEMENT OF OBSTACLES DUE TO EXPLOSIVE DETONATION
Numerical Analysis of Effect of Pitch Angle on a Small Scale Vertical Axis Wind Turbine

The current work involves a numerical study of the effect of preset pitch angle on the performance of a Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT). A three bladed H-Darrieus VAWT has been considered for the study. The equations governing the flow are solved using a commercial CFD code ANSYS CFX 13. The turbine with NACA 0015 profile and zero pitch angle as the reference case for comparison. The analysis has been done for three pitch angles -6 o , 0 o , +6 o , tip speed ratios (TSR) from 1 to 2.2 and wind velocities of 6, 8 and 10 m/s. Of the pitch angle considered, the best performance is observed with -6 o for all tip speed ratios and wind velocities. This has been explained by studying the instantaneous torque characteristics of the turbine. It is seen that at any given instant, the blade in the upwind region contributes significantly to the positive torque with other blades either contributing less or negating the positive torque. The pressure coefficient distributions over the upwind blade and stream lines at different azimuthal angles have also been analysed to understand the effect of pitch.
Simplified 2D Analysis for Suspension Bridges Subject to Wind Excitation

Abstract In this paper, 2D simple analyses were performed in order to predict the large torsional oscillations in a suspension bridge based on Makenna and Tuama model(2001). The existing model(Makenna and Tuama, 2001) has shown unrealistic results as the wind speed increases and frequency decreases. Furthermore, resonance could not be simulated by the existing model. Therefore, in this study, new model was proposed with a consideration of the torsional resistance. The vertical and rotational behaviors of the deck in the suspension bridge were analyzed. Analysis results showed that at first vertical oscillations were observed and it was gradually transformed to the rotation oscillations. With the consideration of the torsional resistance, it was shown that vertical behavior were stabilized as time passed. However, the rotational behavior was not stabilized and was kept until the end of analysis. Beat periods decreased while the wind speed increased. The resonance of the rotational mode was dependent to the rotational resistance. Obtained results could be applied for the design of the suspension bridge under the wind load.
A case study of action learning in an MBA program

Purpose – Action learning has long been a recognized mechanism for ensuring deep and effective learning. The purpose of this paper is to describe an MBA program where the approach to study is informed and driven by action learning. Design methodology/approach – The nature, ethos, and theoretical foundations of this degree are described. Action learning principles are outlined, the design of the course is described and its contribution to participants and their organizations considered. Findings – The effectiveness of an action learning approach in management education is demonstrated through consideration of the program, the nature of the learning experience it entails, students' experiences and their uptake of learning, examples of which are discussed in the paper. Research limitations/implications – The paper shows how a program can be formulated with action learning at its core and some of the implications of doing so. It also discusses the impact that action learning has on the effectiveness of participants in the workplace. Originality/value – Take‐up of an action learning approach in formal management education has been slow, the paper offers a unique example of how this can be integral to a course and lead individuals to develop new managerial mindsets.
Bio-plastics in the context of competing demands on agricultural land in 2050

Recent trends in the bio-plastics industry indicate a rapid shift towards the use of bio-derived conventional plastics such as polyethylene (bio-PE). Whereas historically a significant driver for bio-plastics development has been their biodegradability, the adoption of plastics such as bio-PE is driven by the renewability of the raw materials from which they are produced. The production of these renewable resources requires the use of agricultural land, which is limited in its availability. Land is also an essential requirement for food production and is becoming increasingly important for fuel production. The research presented in this paper envisages a situation, in the year 2050, where all plastics and liquid fuels are produced from renewable resources. Through the development of different consumption and productivity scenarios, projected using current and historic data, the feasibility of meeting global demands for food, liquid fuels and plastics is investigated, based on total agricultural land availability. A range of results, comparing low-to-high consumption with low-to-high productivity, are reported. However, it is from the analysis of the mid-point scenario combinations, where consumption and productivity are both moderate, that the most significant conclusions can be drawn. It is clear that while bio-plastics offer attractive opportunities for the use of renewable materials, development activities to 2050 should continue to focus on the search for alternative feed stocks that do not compete with food production, and should prioritise the efficient use of materials through good design and effective end-of-life management.