Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On Semiprime Rings with Generalized Derivations

Abstract. In this paper, we investigate the commutativity of a semiprime ring R ad-mitting a generalized derivation F with associated derivation D satisfying any one of theproperties: (i) F ( x ) ◦D ( y ) = [ x;y ], (ii) D ( x ) ◦F ( y ) = F [ x;y ], (iii) D ( x ) ◦F ( y ) = xy , (iv) F ( x ◦ y ) = [ F ( x ) ;y ] + [ D ( y ) ;x ], and (v) F [ x;y ] = F ( x ) ◦ y − D ( y ) ◦ x for all x;y in someappropriate subsets of R . 1. IntroductionThe commutativity of prime rings with derivation was initiated by Posner in[13]. Thereafter, several authors have proved commutativity theorems for primeor semiprime rings admitting automorphisms or derivations which are centralizingor commuting on some appropriate subsets of R (see [1-7,9,10,12,14] where furtherreferences can be found). Throughout this paper, R will represent an associative ring with center Z ( R ). For any x;y ∈ R , the symbol [ x;y ] and ( x ◦ y ) stand for the commutator xy − yx and the anti-commutator xy + yx respectively. A ring R is called a 2-torsion freeif whenever 2
valuation of options on joint minima and maxima

It is shown how to obtain explicit formulae for a variety of popular path-dependent contracts with complex payoffs involving joint distributions of several extrema. More specifically, formulae are given for standard step-up and stepdown barrier options, as well as partial and outside step-up and step-down barrier options, between three and five dimensions. The proposed method can be extended to other exotic path-dependent payoffs as well as to higher dimensions. Numerical results show that the quasi-random integration of these formulae, involving multivariate distributions of correlated Gaussian random variables, provides option values more quickly and more accurately than Monte Carlo simulation.
Intrinsic current gain cutoff frequency of 30GHz with carbon nanotube transistors

High frequency capabilities of carbon nanotube field-effect transistors (CNTFETs) are investigated. Structures with a large number of single-walled carbon nanotubes were fabricated using dielecrophoresis to increase the density of nanotubes in the device channel. The authors obtained an intrinsic current gain cutoff frequency of 30GHz establishing state-of-the-art high frequency (hf) potentialities of CNTFETs. The device also showed a maximum stable gain above 10dB at 20GHz. Finally, the parameters of an equivalent circuit model of multitube CNTFET at 20GHz are determined, which open the route to the modeling of nanotubes-based hf electronics.
Lyapunov tuning of the leaky LMS algorithm for single-source, single-point noise cancellation

LMS algorithms have performance issues related to insufficient excitation, nonstationary reference inputs, finite-precision arithmetic, quantization noise, and measurement noise. Such factors cause weight drift and potential instability in the conventional LMS algorithm. Here, we analyze the stability and performance of the leaky LMS algorithm, which is widely used to correct weight drift. A Lyapunov tuning method is developed to find an adaptive leakage parameter and step size that provide optimum performance and retain stability in the presence of measurement noise on the reference input. The method accounts for nonpersistent excitation conditions and nonstationary reference inputs and requires no a priori knowledge of the reference input signal other than a lower bound on its magnitude or a minimum signal-to-noise ratio. The tuning method is demonstrated for three candidate adaptive leaky LMS algorithms. Stability and performance tradeoffs of each candidate Lyapunov tuned algorithm are evaluated experimentally in a single source, single-point acoustic noise cancellation system.
Global Existence and Nonexistence Theorems for Quasilinear Evolution Equations of Formally Parabolic Type

Let H be a Hilbert space with inner product ( } , } ) and let DA , DQ be densely defined subspaces on which self-adjoint linear operators Q : DQ H, A : DA H are given. Let D be a third subspace of H and let F be a gradient operator from D into its dual D$ i.e., there is a potential F : D C (or R) such that F $(x) } y=(F(x), y)D , where F $ denotes the Fre chet derivative of F and ( , )D is the natural pairing in D. Let (Qx, x)>0, (Ax, x) 0 for x{0 in the appropriate operator domain. Let J=[0, ). In [9] the problem Qut=&Au+F(u), (1.1) u(0)=u0 (1.2) was considered with u(t) # D & DA and ut(t) # DQ for t>0. It was shown that if the initial energy for (1.1) were negative, i.e., E(0)# 2 (u0 , Au0)&F(u0)<0, if the energy inequality
C-band amplification through fibre ring laser in generating multi wavelength

We demonstrated multiwavelengths formation by utilising a combination of fibre ring laser, three fbgs and 20 m of photonic crystal fibre (PCF) with zero dispersion wavelength at 1040 nm. Although it characteristics efficiently interacts in 1040nm range lasers in efficiency of non linear effects, we determined to exploit four wave mixing (FWM) effect in generating multiwavelength at C band transmission window. Prior, the Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) spectrum was performed in order to identify its performance and suitable FBG. Two FBGs at the end of C band amplification and one fibre Bragg grating (FBG) at gain spectrum are selected. The FBGs assigned are FBG 1, 2 and 3 with its own specifications (1530.47 nm and reflectivity 89.9%), (1561.42 nm and reflectivity 91.6%) and (1563.95 nm and reflectivity 96.7%) respectively. Through FWM effect, new wavelengths generated successfully at gain spectrum range 1530nm to 1540nm. These findings show, multiwavelengths able to be generated even though the separation between signals which are not consistent at lengths and far among each other able to induce by sufficient energy level. The findings give a valuable impact and prospective relevance towards sensors and optical communications.
Effects of rifampicin on porphyrin metabolism in healthy volunteers

Pregnane X receptor (PXR) is known to stimulate haem synthesis, but detailed knowledge on the effects of PXR activation on porphyrin metabolism in humans is lacking. We utilized a randomized, crossover, open (blinded laboratory) and placebo‐controlled trial with 600‐mg rifampicin or placebo dosed for a week to investigate the effects of PXR activation on erythrocyte, plasma, faecal and urine porphyrins. Sixteen healthy volunteers participated on the trial, but the number of volunteers for blood and urine porphyrin analyses was 15 while the number of samples for faecal analyses was 14. Rifampicin increased urine pentaporphyrin concentration 3.7‐fold (mean 1.80 ± 0.6 vs. 6.73 ± 4.4 nmol/L, p = 0.003) in comparison with placebo. Urine coproporphyrin I increased 23% (p = 0.036). Faecal protoporphyrin IX decreased (mean 31.6 ± 23.5 vs. 19.2 ± 27.8 nmol/g, p = 0.023). The number of blood erythrocytes was slightly elevated, and plasma bilirubin, catabolic metabolite of haem, was decreased. In conclusion, rifampicin dosing elevated the excretion of certain urinary porphyrin metabolites and decreased faecal protoporphyrin IX excretion. As urine pentaporphyrin and coproporphyrin I are not precursors in haem biosynthesis, increased excretion may serve as a hepatoprotective shunt when haem synthesis or porphyrin levels are increased.
What Does Global Land Climate Look Like at 2°C Warming?

Constraining an increase in global mean temperature below 2°C compared to pre‐industrial levels is critical to limiting dangerous and cascading impacts of anthropogenic climate change. Understanding future climatic changes and their spatial heterogeneity at 2°C warming is thus important for policy makers to prepare actionable adaptation and mitigation plans by identifying where and to what extent lives and livelihoods will be impacted. This study uses the recently released NASA Earth eXchange Global Daily Downscaled Projections (NEX‐GDDP) CMIP6 data to provide a broad overview of projected changes in six key climate variables and two climate impact indicators at a time when warming exceeds 2°C. Analysis of global mean temperature changes indicates the 2040s as the decade when most CMIP6 models reach 2°C warming with respect to a pre‐industrial period (1850–1900). During the 2040s, we find that global mean temperature, precipitation, relative humidity, downwelling shortwave and longwave radiation, and wind speed over land under the high emission scenario are projected to change by +2.8°C, +22.4 mm/year, −0.73%, −2.23 , +15.9 W/m2, and −0.04 m/s, respectively. Many of the future changes are expected to exacerbate climate impacts including heat stress and fire danger. Our analysis shows geographic patterns of policy‐relevant climatic changes, as parts of the globe will experience significant climate impacts even if the goal to keep warming below 2°C goal is achieved. Our results highlight the urgent need for further studies focused on identifying key hotspots and advancing region‐specific actionable adaptation and mitigation plans.
Developing Representative Impact Scenarios From Climate Projection Ensembles, With Application to UKCP18 and EURO‐CORDEX Precipitation

Calculating impacts from climate projection ensembles can be challenging. A simple approach might consider just the ensemble mean, but this ignores much of the information in the ensemble and does not explore the range of possible impacts. A more thorough approach would consider every ensemble member, but may be computationally unfeasible for many impact models. We investigate the compromise in which we represent the ensemble by the mean and a single deviation from the mean. The deviation from the mean would ideally be representative both of variability in the ensemble, and have a significant impact, according to some impact metric. We compare methods for calculating the deviation from the mean, based on traditional compositing and a statistical method known as Directional Component Analysis (DCA). DCA is based on linearizing the impact metric around the ensemble mean. We illustrate the methods with synthetic examples, and derive new mathematical results that clarify the interpretation of DCA. We then use the methods to derive scenarios from the UKCP18 and EURO‐CORDEX projections of future precipitation in Europe. We find that the worst ensemble member is not robust, but that deviations from the ensemble mean calculated using compositing and DCA are robust. They thus give robust insight into the patterns of change in the ensemble. We conclude that mean and representative deviation methods may be suitable for climate projection users who wish to explore the implications of the uncertainty around the ensemble mean without having to calculate the impacts of every ensemble member.
Biologically inspired polymer microfibers with spatulate tips as repeatable fibrillar adhesives

Being inspired by gecko foot hairs, microfibers with flat spatulate tips are proposed as repeatable adhesives. They are fabricated by molding a master template fabricated using deep reactive ion etching and the notching effect. Fabricated polyurethane fiber arrays with 4. 5μm fiber and 9μm tip diameter demonstrated macroscale adhesion pressures up to 18N∕cm2 and overall work of adhesion up to 11J∕m2 on a 6mm diameter glass hemisphere for a preload pressure of 12N∕cm2. These results show around four times higher adhesion and five times higher overall work of adhesion as compared to the flat polyurethane surface.
Present Status of the NIMS Contract Beamline BL15XU at SPring‐8

The revolver undulator beamline BL15XU at SPring‐8, which is the contract beamline of National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), was established for materials science using soft‐and‐hard X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and high‐resolution powder X‐ray diffraction (XRD). We have performed beamline reconstruction for further developments of the experiments in the research field of materials science. The flat double‐crystal monochromator (DCM) with liquid nitrogen cooling, X‐ray total reflection double‐mirror system with (+,−) geometry, and high‐energy‐resolution channel‐cut monochromator have been installed into the beamline. The refined beamline provides monochromatic X‐rays from 2 to 36 keV. The improvement of the photon flux density at the XRD and XPS experimental stations was confirmed. The photon flux was estimated to be several 1012 photons/sec with ΔE/E of ∼10−4.
Effects of a new generation of fish protein hydrolysate on performance, intestinal microbiology, and immunity of broiler chickens

Abstract This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of co-dried fish protein hydrolysate (CFPH) on broilers performance, intestinal microbiology, and cellular immune responses. Five hundred one-day-old (Ross 308) male broilers were allocated to four treatments with five replicates of 25 birds in a completely randomized design. The experimental treatments included four levels of CFPH (0% as the control, 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5%) in the isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets. During the experiment, body weight (BW) and feed intake (FI) were periodically recorded in addition to calculating average daily gain (ADG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), liveability index, and European broiler index (EBI). In addition, cellular immune responses were evaluated at 30 days of age. On day 42, ileal contents were obtained to examine the microbial population. Based on the findings, Dietary supplementation of 5 and 7.5% CFPH increased the percentage of the thigh while decreasing the relative weight of the gizzard compared to the control group. The highest relative length of jejunum was observed in birds receiving 2.5 and 5% CFPH, and its highest relative weight belonged to birds fed with 5% CFPH. The number of coliforms, enterobacters, and total gram-negative bacteria in the intestines of birds receiving CFPH was less than that of the control group. In general, the application of CFPH in broiler nutrition can decrease the level of soybean meal in diet and it can be considered as a new protein supplement in poultry production. It is suggested to study the incorporation of this new supplement in other livestock’s diets.
Atherosclerosis: risk assessment and the role of aiming for optimal glycaemic control in young patients with type 1 diabetes

Introduction Compared with healthy children, peers with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) have an increased risk of developing advanced atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Glycaemic control is the most important modifiable risk factor for CVD in DM1. Currently, monitoring of glycaemic control relies on glycosylated haemoglobin levels (HbA1c), self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG), and the use of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems. The flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), pulse wave velocity (PWV), ankle-brachial index (ABI), and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) may be used to assess the risk of CVD, by estimating the process of atherosclerosis in peripheral vessels. Aim of the study To summarize the current literature on the correlation of metabolic control in young people with DM1, assessed by key metrics from CGM reports, and the development of atherosclerosis and the incidence of CVD. Conclusions Chronic hyperglycaemia is an independent risk factor for vascular changes. The effect of glycaemic control – assessed on the basis of parameters obtained from CGM reports – on the risk of CVD in DM1 has been analysed in few studies, especially in the paediatric population.
Evaluating the Prevalence and Correlates of Major Depressive Disorder Among Residents of Fort McMurray, Canada, One Year After a Devastating Flood

Abstract Objective: This study assessed the prevalence and correlates of depression following the April 2020 flooding in Fort McMurray. Methodology: A cross-sectional study design. Questionnaires were self-administered through an anonymous, online survey. Data collected included sociodemographics, flooding-related variables, clinical information, and likely major depressive disorder (MDD) using PHQ-9 scoring. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the chi-square test, and logistic regression at P = < 0.05. Results: Of the 186 respondents who completed the survey, 85.5% (159) of the respondents were females, 14.5% (27) were males, 52.7% (98) were above 40 years of age, and 94% (175) were employed. The prevalence of mild to severe depression among the respondents was 53.7% (75). Respondents who reported that they are unemployed are 12 times more likely to have a moderate to severe depression (OR = 12.16; 95% CI: 1.08–136.26). Respondents who had previously received a mental health diagnosis of MDD are five times more likely to have moderate to severe depression (OR = 5.306; 95% CI: 1.84–15.27). Conclusion: This study suggests that flooding could impact the psychosocial and mental health of affected people. There is a need to reassess the existing guidelines on emergency planning for flooding to reduce its impacts on mental health and identify where research can support future evidence-based guidelines.
Predictive and Prognostic Value of TRIM58 Protein Expression in Patients with Breast Cancer Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

Introduction Tripartite motif-containing protein (TRIM) family members play crucial roles in carcinogenesis and chemotherapy resistance. In this study, we aimed to determine whether TRIM58 protein expression is related to patient responses to neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) and their survival outcome. Methods Immunohistochemistry was performed on female breast cancer samples from biopsies before NAT in Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression tests were used to analyze the association between TRIM58 protein expression and pathological complete response (pCR). The Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI). The Kaplan–Meier plotter database was used to analyze the prognostic value of TRIM58. Results High TRIM58 expression was associated with small tumor size in all the patients (n = 58). Multivariate analysis suggested that low TRIM58 expression was an independent predictive factor for higher pCR (odds ratio = 0.06, 95% CI 0.005–0.741, P = 0.028). The Kaplan–Meier Plotter dataset suggested that the TRIM58 high-expression group showed a worse 5-year overall survival than the low-expression group (HR = 1.34, 95% CI 1.07–1.67, P = 0.01). Pathway analysis revealed the potential mechanisms of TRIM58 in chemoresistance. Discussion Our study suggests that TRIM58 is a promising biomarker for both neoadjuvant chemosensitivity and long-term clinical outcomes in breast cancer. It may also help to identify candidate responders and determine treatment strategies.
Difficulty analysis of numerical ability of indigenous Papuans (Marind and Kanum Tribes) in Yanggandur and Wasur Villages, Merauke Regency

Mathematics is one of the subjects that provides the provision of reasoning needed to become a quality human being. Counting is a very small part of mathematics, but it is very important. This study aims to analyze the difficulties in numeracy of the Marind and Kanum tribal communities in Yanggandur and Wasur Villages, Merauke Regency. The methods used are literature study and observation. The results of the study show that the Marind and Kanum tribes have difficulty calculating operations in large numbers because most of the people's daily lives do not use large numbers of addition and subtraction operations, namely hunting and fishing. The community also has staple foods, namely kumbili and sago, which are obtained from their own villages so that there are no transactions that require large amounts of calculation.
Asymptotic Properties Of Some Preliminary Estimators For Autoregressive Moving Average Time Series Models

Abstract. Some simple preliminary estimators for the coefficients of mixed autoregressive moving average time series models are considered. As the first step the estimators require the fitting of a long autoregression to the data. The first two methods of the paper are non‐iterative and generally inefficient. The estimators are Yule‐Walker type modifications of the least squares estimators of the coefficients in auxiliary linear regression models derived, respectively, for the coefficients of the long autoregression and for the coefficients of the corresponding long moving average approximation of the model. Both of these estimators are shown to be strongly consistent and their asymptotic distributions are derived. The asymptotic distributions are used in studying the loss in efficiency and in constructing the third estimator of the paper which is an asymptotically efficient two‐step estimator. A numerical illustration of the third estimator with real data is given.
Public Perception of Ménière’s Disease: A Social Media Analysis

Objective To analyze tweets associated with Ménière’s disease (MD), including type of users who engage, change in usage patterns, and temporal associations, and to compare the perceptions of the general public with healthcare providers. Methods An R-program code, academictwitterR API, was used to query Twitter. All tweets mentioning MD from 2007 to 2021 were retrieved and analyzed. Valence Aware Dictionary and Sentiment Reasoning was used as a model to assess sentiment of tweets. Two reviewers assessed 1,007 tweets for qualitative analysis, identifying the source and the topic of the tweet. Results A total of 37,402 tweets were analyzed. The number of tweets per user ranged from 1 to 563 (M = 33.7, SD = 91.1). Quantitative analysis showed no temporal or seasonal association; however, tweeting increased when celebrities were diagnosed with MD. Of the 1007 representative tweets analyzed, 60.6% of tweets came from the general public and were largely of negative sentiment focusing on quality of life and support, whereas healthcare providers accounted for 23% of all tweets and focused on treatment/prevention. Tweets by news sources accounted for the remaining 13% of all tweets and were primarily positive in sentiment and focused on awareness. Conclusions MD is commonly tweeted about by the general public, with limited input regarding the disease from healthcare providers. Healthcare providers must provide accurate information and awareness regarding MD, especially when awareness is highest, such as when celebrities are diagnosed. Level of Evidence Level IV. Indicate IRB or IACUC Not applicable.
PrivAim: A Dual-Privacy Preserving and Quality-Aware Incentive Mechanism for Federated Learning

Privacy protection and incentive mechanism are two fundamental problems in federated learning (FL), which aim at protecting the privacy of data owners and stimulating them to share more resources, respectively. Recent works have proposed differential privacy (DP) based privacy-preserving incentive mechanisms to solve both problems simultaneously. However, almost all of them took the privacy level as the only incentive item, without considering other factors, such as data quantity and quality. Moreover, an untrusted server can further infer sensitive information from the bids that reflect the true costs of data owners. To solve these problems, in this paper, we propose a dual-privacy preserving and quality-aware incentive mechanism, PrivAim, for federated learning. Specifically, it utilizes differential privacy to protect the local models and true costs against the untrusted parameter server, and carefully designs a multi-dimensional reverse auction mechanism to incentivize data owners with high quality and low cost to participate in FL without knowing the true bids. We theoretically prove that PrivAim satisfies <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Delta b$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mi>Δ</mml:mi><mml:mi>b</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="ren-ieq1-3230904.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula>-truthfulness, individual rational, computational efficiency, and differential privacy. Extensive experiments show that PrivAim can effectively protect bid privacy, and achieve at least 21% and 6% improvement on social welfare and model accuracy, respectively, compared to the state-of-the-art.