Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Role of air-sea fluxes and ocean surface density on the production of deep waters in the eastern subpolar gyre of the North Atlantic

Abstract. Wintertime convection in the North Atlantic Ocean is a key component of the global climate as it produces dense waters at high latitudes that flow equatorward as part of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). Recent work has highlighted the dominant role of the Irminger and Iceland basins in the production of North Atlantic Deep Water. Dense water formation in these basins is mainly explained by buoyancy forcing that transforms surface waters to the deep waters of the AMOC lower limb. Air-sea fluxes and the ocean surface density field are both key determinants of the buoyancy-driven transformation. We analyze these contributions to the transformation in order to better understand the connection between atmospheric forcing and the AMOC. More precisely, we study the impact of air-sea fluxes and the ocean surface density field on the transformation of subpolar mode water (SPMW) in the Iceland Basin, a water mass that “pre-conditions” dense water formation downstream. Analyses using 40 years of observations (1980–2019) reveal that the variance in SPMW transformation is mainly influenced by the variance in density at the ocean surface. This surface density is set by a combination of advection, wind-driven upwelling and surface fluxes, the latter explaining ~30 % of the variance in outcrop area as expressed by the surface area between the outcropped SPMW isopycnals. The key role of the surface density on SPMW transformation partly explains the unusually large SPMW transformation in winter 2014–2015 over the Iceland Basin.
An Unusual Cut Wrist: A case study and a Review of Literature

Background: According to World Health Organization statistics, the annual suicidal death rate is about one million people worldwide (mean mortality rate: 16/100.000). In some countries, suicide is the second leading cause of death in the 10-24-year age group. Wrist cutting is sometimes practiced with the goal of self-harm rather than being a suicidal attempt. However, if the bleeding is copious or allowed to continue unchecked, cardiac arrhythmia which is followed by severe hypovolemia, shock, circulatory collapse or cardiac arrest, and death may ensue. Another aim from self- cutting could be wound fabrication to mimic physical assault. In the current study, the updated knowledge concerning self-inflicted injuries including medicolegal, theoretical, and methodological approaches to assess such incidents, is discussed. Moreover, a rare case of unusual, ambiguous cut – wrist will be presented. It is a case of an Asian, female, domestic worker who was claimed to commit suicide at her sponsor’s house by deliberately cutting her left wrist. In a bloody scene, the deceased was found with a completely severed left wrist leading to a complete left- hand amputation. The right hand with a small bloody sharp knife was found behind the body. After a detailed examination of the death scene and full autopsy, the debate appeared. Both homicidal and suicidal scenarios were possible. However, no evidence was found to confirm the homicidal accusation.Consequently, the case was reported as a possible suicide with no previously reported similar cases in the literature.
NUTRIENT ENHANCEMENT OF PALM KERNEL CAKE VIA SOLID STATE FERMENTATION BY LOCALLY ISOLATED Rhizopus oryzae ME01

Palm kernel cake (PKC) is abundantly generated in palm kernel crushing plant throughout the year. Its use as monogastric animal food source is very limited due to its high fibre and moderate protein content. Therefore, this study is aimed to enhance PKC nutritional value, particularly the protein content through solid state fermentation (SSF), using a locally isolated fungus. Fungal identification was performed using partial 18S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) nucleotide sequence. A fungus containing 600 base pairs was sequenced and aligned with GenBank database and named Rhizopus oryzae ME01. SSF was carried out using palm kernel expeller (PKE) which is mechanical pressed and PKC which is solvent extracted, as a single carbon source with minimum mineral addition. Results showed that SSF successfully increased crude protein and ash content of fermented PKC and PKE, respectively. Interestingly, this study also found that the size of PKC’s particle had impacted protein content of fermented palm kernel cake (fPKC) during SSF. PKC which has a smaller and uniform size than PKE, gave higher crude protein increment than fermented palm kernel expeller (fPKE). However, the protein content of fPKE had increased by 7.64% more than fPKC which was only 3.45%. Thus, fPKE appeared to enhance PKE’s nutrient value, especially for monogastric animal feed applications. palm kernel cake, solid state fermentation.
Effect of Lifestyle Modification on Glycemic Control of Type 2 Diabetic Patients at Suez Canal University Hospitals

Type 2 Diabetes mellitus, as one of the major universal public health disorders wide spread, requires patients’ lifestyle modulation which would be conducive in dominating blood glucose. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of lifestyle modification on glycemic control of type 2 diabetic patients at Suez Canal University Hospitals at Ismailia city. A quasi-experimental design made up of a control group and a study group with pre- and post-test administration was applied. This study was carried out at the Family Medicine Outpatient Clinic and the Diabetic Outpatient Clinic of Suez Canal University Hospitals at Ismailia city in Egypt. 92 type 2 diabetic patients were included in this study. The Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire; Health promoting lifestyle profile II Scale; and Physical assessment sheet were used for data collection in the two groups. After implementing of the program, those patients who received lifestyle modification intervention achieved better total score of knowledge & knowledge related practice about DM, health promoting lifestyle domains values and glycated hemoglobin, compared with the control group. Factors related to lower glycated hemoglobin in the present study were lower fasting blood sugar level and increasing physical activity. Overall, lifestyle modification program has a positive influence on blood glucose control of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Therefore, it is recommended to that lifestyle modification interventions should be integral part of the curative management of type 2 diabetic patients, and further study in other places to investigate the effect of lifestyle modification on glycemic control of those patients.
Phylogenetic and Evolutionary Analysis of the Late Embryogenesis Abundant (LEA) Gene Product in Poaceae

The late Embryogenesis Abundant (LEA) protein family obtains a group of stress-induced hyper-hydrophilic proteins that accumulate in response to cellular dehydration. They are generally unstructured polypeptides without a well-defined three-dimensional structure and have been identiﬁed in a wide range of organisms from bacteria to higher plants. Herein, we made a phylogenetic and evolutionary analysis for LEA proteins in Poaceae. The full-length LEA protein sequences were acquired by performing the sequence search of sequenced hva1 against Poaceae species in the non-redundant protein database by a BlastX search tool. The sequences were aligned with the Clustal Omega tool. The MEME suite searched for conserved blocks among each LEA protein sequence. Also, the evolutionary relationship among the LEA protein sequences evaluates using the MEGA tool. The results display close sequence similarity not only into the species but also between species. The results demonstrated that LEA proteins cluster into two large subgroups. The overall average evolutionary difference in LEA protein sequence pairs estimated as 0.4022 amino acid substitutions per site from averaging over all sequence pairs. The LEA protein sequences contain a significant percentage of glycine residues but lack cysteine and tryptophan residues. The results indicate the occurrence of homologs in the subgroup before the divergence of the species. However, the expansion of the gene number in the Poaceae was approved by the duplication events in the preexisting genes rather than by the appearance of the altered LEA gene. Our data will provide novel insights for further studies of the Late Embryogenesis Abundant protein family in Poaceae.
Induced-Growth and Yield Responses to Three Varieties of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) by Sodium Azide (NaN3) and Grafting in Wet Season

The Effect of Sodium Azize and Grafting on Vegetative Growth PreliminaYield Parameters on Tomato in Wet Season, was investigated with the aim of inducing variability that could be exploited in the improvement of some quality traits in Tomato. The seeds of three varieties of tomato: (Roma, UC-82B and Local varieties) were treated with three different concentrations of sodium azide (0.2mM, 0.4 mM, 0.6 mM and 0.0 mM as control). The result showed highly significant difference (P≤0.01) in the effects of different concentrations of sodium azide on almost all the selected traits except on the fruit diameter where no significant difference was found. More so, the result also indicated highly significant difference (P≤0.01) among the varieties on the selected traits except in germination percent (1 WAP); where significant difference (P≤0.05) was found, and in number of leaves, and fruits diameters, no significant difference exists among the varieties. Furthermore, highly significant difference (P≤0.01) was found on the effects of grafting and sodium azide singly and in combine dosage as treatments on germination percent (1 and 2 WAP), and on number of leaves/plant. Significant difference (P≤0.05) was found on the effects of these treatments on the survival rate, while, no significant difference was found on the effects of the treatments on the number of fruits, fruit diameter, and pH. More so, no significant differences was found in the interactions except in the interaction in the interactions of variety and treatments on the number of leaves where highly significant difference (P≤0.01) was found.
Analysis of thermionic and thermo-field emission in microscale gas discharges

In recent studies, it has been shown that cold field emission can be an important electron source in microscale discharges. However, if the cathode is heated to a high temperature, thermal emission also becomes significant, which impacts microscale discharge formation. Importantly, in both cold and thermal conditions, the local electric field at the cathode impacts the emission current, and ionization in the discharge can create sufficient space charge to modify the electric field. In this work, a simple two-fluid model is used to evaluate the impact of thermal emission on discharge properties at microscale dimensions. We incorporate two thermal emission models—the ‘low field’ Schottky emission model, which assumes electron tunneling is negligible, and the ‘high field’ thermo-field emission model, which accounts for tunneling—in order to accurately predict thermal emission in the microdischarge. We evaluate the impact of ionization on the thermal emission in a microdischarge and find that the presence of positive ions increases emission current, and this effect becomes more pronounced as either the applied voltage or the cathode temperature is increased. The enhanced emission causes breakdown to occur at significantly lower voltages than predicted by the classic Paschen’s curve or the more recent modified Paschen’s curve that accounts for cold field emission, highlighting how thermal emission can induce substantially different discharge behavior.
Missing data: current practice in football research and recommendations for improvement

ABSTRACT Methods A survey of 136 articles published in 2019 (sampled at random) was conducted to determine whether a statement about missing data was included. Results The proportion of studies reporting on missing data was low, at 11.0% (95% confidence interval = 6.3% to 17.5%). Recommendations We recommend that researchers describe the number and percentage of missing values, including when there are no missing values. Exploratory analysis should be conducted to explore missing values, and visualisations describing missingness overall should be provided in the paper, or at least in supplementary materials. Missing values should almost always be imputed, and imputation methods should be explored to ensure they are appropriately representative. Researchers should consider these recommendations and pay greater attention to missing data and its influence on research results.
Habilidades Empreendedoras e Competências Gerenciais em Empresas de Prestação de Serviços

In the current market, companies suffer from competition. Given this, it is necessary that they, through their knowledge, search for entrepreneurial differentials to remain competitive. Paying attention to Brazilian municipalities, service providers are the main contributors to the growth of cities. Given this fact, this study objective to analyze the relationship of entrepreneurial skills on the degree of importance attributed to managerial skills for their companies. For this, a quantitative, descriptive, survey was conducted, with the application of questionnaires. It was found that the motivation to perform skill proved to be important to explain the evaluation attributed to the managerial operation/production competence for the companies surveyed, with the other skills having no significant effect on such evaluation. The investigation brought evidence that because entrepreneurs evaluate that managerial skills are important for companies, the non-possibility of association with entrepreneurial skills may be explained due to the low, and even average, development of these with entrepreneurs.
A real-world clinical experience on the effectiveness of remogliflozin etabonate in management of Indian patients with type II diabetes mellitus

Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate effectiveness and safety of remogliflozin etabonate in a real-world outpatient setting in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in India. Methods: A retrospective, observational, single-center study wherein medical records of adult patients (≥18 years old) with T2DM managed with remogliflozin 100 mg for at least three months at the diabetes care center in Jharkhand were retrieved. The effectiveness was assessed in terms of change from baseline in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), postprandial plasma glucose (PPG), total body weight, blood pressure (BP, systolic and diastolic), kidney function tests, and lipid parameters after three months of treatment. Safety was assessed by adverse events (AEs) and serious AEs. Results: Half of the patients received ≥3 concomitant antidiabetic drugs, common being sulphonylureas (92%), and metformin (91%). Remogliflozin treatment resulted in a significant mean reduction from baseline in HbA1c [-1.99 (0.12%); p<0.001], FPG [-52.3 (4.31) mg/dl; p<0.001] and PPG [-103.6 (7.10) mg/dl; p<0.001). Bodyweight reduction was not statistically significant [-0.1 (10.12) kg]. A significant reduction was observed in the systolic BP [-15.9 (2.21) mmHg; p<0.001] and diastolic BP [-3.3 (0.95) mmHg; p=0.001]. Commonly reported AE was heartburn (51.4%) and urinary tract infections (34.2%). No serious AEs were reported. The mean estimated glomerular filtration rate showed a statistically significant reduction of -1.55 (0.61) ml/min. The lipid parameter findings were non-significant. Conclusions: The real-world experience of remogliflozin administered concomitantly with other antidiabetic drugs was effective and well-tolerated in Indian patients with T2DM.
Adjustment of bus departure time of an electric bus transportation system for reducing costs and carbon emissions: A case study in Penghu

As a response to the worldwide problems of global warming and environmental pollution, electric vehicles have become the main direction of development in the automobile industry. Taking the bus system of Penghu Islands as the subject, this study explores the switching of all the original diesel buses to electric buses, and it adjusts the departure time of all the buses, with the purpose of reducing the costs of the construction and electricity used in an electric bus system. Plug-in and battery-swapping buses are used as examples in the study, and the Genetic Algorithm (GA), the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Simulate Anneal Arithmetic (SA) algorithms, as well as an algorithm that combines the above, is used to optimize the departure times, in order not to affect the volumes and passenger demands in units of five minutes, the shift starts within the range of 15 minutes before or after the scheduled time. After each new schedule is prepared, batteries are used to optimize the daytime charging schedule of electric buses, to ensure the lowest cost of each new schedule. The results show that, regardless of which algorithm is used to optimize the departure time, all the minimum costs are lower than the best results before the adjustment, especially for the PSO-GA algorithm. Hence, the proper adjustment of the departure time can really reduce the construction and electricity costs and carbon emissions of the electric bus system.
Don’t make a hash of it! A thematic review of the literature relating to outcomes of cannabis regulatory change

Abstract Globally cannabis regulations are rapidly changing. In recent years social and political pressure, not science, has driven this change. Experience from jurisdictions that have implemented regulatory change, although relatively new, should be used to inform future policy development for other jurisdictions, assisting in addressing the wicked problem that cannabis regulations present. This review aimed to elicit underlying themes from a broad range of literature exploring the effects of regulatory change relating to cannabis. To achieve this a meta-narrative theoretical approach using inductive constant comparative analysis was used to synthesize data until thematic saturation was reached. Following a systematic literature search, 92 papers were analyzed before thematic saturation was complete. Five super-ordinate themes emerged that observed the societal and health effects following legislative and regulatory change: Normalization; Economics; Gatekeeping; Community and Health. These themes, empirically derived through a formal qualitative approach, were considered regarding cultural contexts, providing an understanding of how cannabis regulation is changing the social landscape. Consideration of the themes during future research may provide a focus point for the discussion of legislation and policy, not only relating to cannabis, but also other broad-ranging areas such as social policy, welfare, education and health.
Food Choice and Nutritional Intake of Children and Adolescents

The study examined the food choice and nutritional intake of children and adolescents. Specifically, it investigated the healthiness, convenience, and sensation of the food intake of the participants’ sex and age, it also examines the choice of carbohydrate, protein, and vitamin food of the participants. Using survey research design, data were randomly collected from 254 participants of 9-11 years (late childhood) and 12-18 years (adolescent). A research instrument that was adequately validated was used for data collection. The results showed that male participants (58.3%) eat healthy food than female (41.7%) participants, convenience (easy to prepare) and sensation (look, taste and smell) do not affect the nutritional intake of older children and adolescents. Moreover, the result revealed that gender does not contribute significantly to the food choice of children and adolescents, regardless of the age of the participants there is a high rate of consumption of carbohydrate food. The study concludes that the adverse effects of too much carbohydrate food should be taken into consideration, children and adolescents should be encouraged to eat all types of food in their diet except in the case of allergy.
A Hybrid Filler: Combining Calcium Hydroxylapatite and Hyaluronic Acid Fillers for Aesthetic Indications

Limited data are available describing the use of calcium hydroxylapatite (CaHA) and hyaluronic acid (HA) in combination. The aim of this study is to investigate the safety of premixing CaHA and HA fillers before injection. The authors performed a retrospective chart review of patients injected with a premixed combination of CaHA and a cohesive polydensified matrix (CPM®) HA in the authors’ aesthetic practices. Patients records were evaluated for adverse events at 1-3 month, 5-7 month and >12-month posttreatment follow-up visits. The retrospective chart review identified 134 patients who had been treated with premixed CaHA: HA, most of whom were female (95%). Most patients were treated for multiple facial areas. Injections were subcutaneous and performed with 25G 38- or 50-mm cannulas, using a fanning injection technique. Injection volumes and product ratios depended on the number of areas being treated and severity of the aesthetic defect. Only 2 adverse events were reported which comprised slight cases of overcorrection at 1-3 months, both of which resolved with hyaluronidase. No other adverse events were reported. This combined evaluation of the published literature and retrospective examination of case reports raised no concerns about the use of premixed CaHA and CPM-HA (Hybrid) fillers for the treatment of a range of facial aesthetic indications.
Sustainability in supply networks: finding the most influential green interventions using interpretive structural modeling technique

ABSTRACT Manufacturing organisations adopt various kinds of green interventions to make their operations more environment friendly. However not all interventions have a similar impact on enhancing the environmental efficiency of supply networks. The present study aims to identify the most effective green interventions for effective green supply chain management (GSCM) using the interpretive structural modelling (ISM) technique. GSCM includes the implementation of green interventions to enhance the environmental viability of their products and processes. First, a set of green interventions is identified through literature and expert opinions, and then these are analysed using the ISM technique. The green interventions ‘developing environmental strategies, policies and procedures’ and ‘performance review and long term action plan’ are identified as the most influential green interventions as they have low dependence and high driving power, which means that it is important to give emphasis on these interventions for effective green supply chain management. Additionally, the study identifies that ‘adoption of cutting edge technology’, ‘cleaner production’, and others are the interventions with high dependence and high driving power. Among all the interventions analysed none has an independent character. Sustainability managers can use this technique and the results in improving sustainability in their SCM.