Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Schinus terebinthifolius Leaf Lectin (SteLL) Reduces the Bacterial and Inflammatory Burden of Wounds Infected by Staphylococcus aureus Promoting Skin Repair

Staphylococcus aureus is commonly found in wound infections where this pathogen impairs skin repair. The lectin isolated from leaves of Schinus terebinthifolius (named SteLL) has antimicrobial and antivirulence action against S. aureus. This study evaluated the effects of topical administration of SteLL on mice wounds infected by S. aureus. Seventy-two C57/BL6 mice (6–8 weeks old) were allocated into four groups: (i) uninfected wounds; (ii) infected wounds, (iii) infected wounds treated with 32 µg/mL SteLL solution; (iv) infected wounds treated with 64 µg/mL SteLL solution. The excisional wounds (64 mm2) were induced on the dorsum and infected by S. aureus 432170 (4.0 × 106 CFU/wound). The daily treatment started 1-day post-infection (dpi). The topical application of both SteLL concentrations significantly accelerated the healing of S. aureus-infected wounds until the 7th dpi, when compared to untreated infected lesions (reductions of 1.95–4.55-fold and 1.79–2.90-fold for SteLL at 32 µg/mL and 64 µg/mL, respectively). The SteLL-based treatment also amended the severity of wound infection and reduced the bacterial load (12-fold to 72-fold for 32 µg/mL, and 14-fold to 282-fold for 64 µg/mL). SteLL-treated wounds show higher collagen deposition and restoration of skin structure than other groups. The bacterial load and the levels of inflammatory markers (IL-6, MCP-1, TNF-α, and VEGF) were also reduced by both SteLL concentrations. These results corroborate the reported anti-infective properties of SteLL, making this lectin a lead candidate for developing alternative agents for the treatment of S. aureus-infected skin lesions.
Biochemical and Behavioural Alterations Induced by Arsenic and Temperature in Hediste diversicolor of Different Growth Stages

Contamination with Arsenic, a toxic metalloid, is increasing in the marine environment. Additionally, global warming can alter metalloids toxicity. Polychaetes are key species in marine environments. By mobilizing sediments, they play vital roles in nutrient and element (including contaminants) cycles. Most studies with marine invertebrates focus on the effects of metalloids on either adults or larvae. Here, we bring information on the effects of temperature increase and arsenic contamination on the polychaete Hediste diversicolor in different growth stages and water temperatures. Feeding activity and biochemical responses—cholinesterase activity, indicators of cell damage, antioxidant and biotransformation enzymes and metabolic capacity—were evaluated. Temperature rise combined with As imposed alterations on feeding activity and biochemical endpoints at different growth stages. Small organisms have their antioxidant enzymes increased, avoiding lipid damage. However, larger organisms are the most affected class due to the inhibition of superoxide dismutase, which results in protein damage. Oxidative damage was observed on smaller and larger organisms exposed to As and temperature of 21 °C, demonstrating higher sensibility to the combination of temperature rise and As. The observed alterations may have ecological consequences, affecting the cycle of nutrients, sediment oxygenation and the food chain that depends on the bioturbation of this polychaete.
On the de Rham Complex of Mixed Twistor -Modules

Given a complex manifold S, we introduce for each complex manifold X a t-structure on the bounded derived category of C-constructible complexes of O_S-modules on X x S. We prove that the de Rham complex of a holonomic D_{XxS/S}-module which is O_S-flat as well as its dual object is perverse relatively to this t-structure. This result applies to mixed twistor D-modules.
Le lemme fondamental pour les groupes unitaires

Let G be an unramified reductive group over a non archimedian local field F. The so-called "Langlands Fundamental Lemma" is a family of conjectural identities between orbital integrals for G(F) and orbital integrals for endoscopic groups of G. In this paper we prove the Langlands fundamental lemma in the particular case where F is a finite extension of F_p((t)), G is a unitary group and p>rank(G). Waldspurger has shown that this particular case implies the Langlands fundamental lemma for unitary groups of rank <p when F is any finite extension of Q_p. We follow in part a strategy initiated by Goresky, Kottwitz and MacPherson. Our main new tool is a deformation of orbital integrals which is constructed with the help of the Hitchin fibration for unitary groups over projective curves.
Additive Eigenvalue Problem (a survey), (With appendix by M. Kapovich)

The classical Hermitian eigenvalue problem addresses the following question: What are the possible eigenvalues of the sum A+B of two Hermitian matrices A and B, provided we fix the eigenvalues of A and B. A systematic study of this problem was initiated by H. Weyl (1912). By virtue of contributions from a long list of mathematicians, notably Weyl (1912), Horn (1962), Klyachko (1998) and Knutson-Tao (1999), the problem is finally settled. The solution asserts that the eigenvalues of A+B are given in terms of certain system of linear inequalities in the eigenvalues of A and B. These inequalities are given explicitly in terms of certain triples of Schubert classes in the singular cohomology of Grassmannians and the standard cup product. Belkale (2001) gave an optimal set of inequalities for the problem in this case. The Hermitian eigenvalue problem has been extended by Berenstein-Sjamaar (2000) and Kapovich-Leeb-Millson (2005) for any semisimple complex algebraic group G. Their solution is again in terms of a system of linear inequalities obtained from certain triples of Schubert classes in the singular cohomology of the partial flag varieties G/P (P being a maximal parabolic subgroup) and the standard cup product. However, their solution is far from being optimal. In a joint work with P. Belkale, we define a deformation of the cup product in the cohomology of G/P and use this new product to generate our system of inequalities which solves the problem for any G optimally (as shown by Ressayre). This article is a survey (with more or less complete proofs) of this additive eigenvalue problem.
Universal collective rotation channels and quantum error correction

We present and investigate a new class of quantum channels, what we call “universal collective rotation channels,” that includes the class of collective rotation channels as a special case. The fixed point set and noise commutant coincide for a channel in this class. Computing the precise structure of this C*-algebra is a core problem in a particular noiseless subsystem method of quantum error correction. We prove that there is an abundance of noiseless subsystems for every channel in this class and that the Young tableaux combinatorial machine may be used to explicitly compute these subsystems.
Defects in Nematic Shells: a $\Gamma$-convergence discrete-to-continuum approach

In this paper we rigorously investigate the emergence of defects on Nematic Shells with genus different from one. This phenomenon is related to a non trivial interplay between the topology of the shell and the alignment of the director field. To this end, we consider a discrete $XY$ system on the shell $M$, described by a tangent vector field with unit norm sitting at the vertices of a triangulation of the shell. Defects emerge when we let the mesh size of the triangulation go to zero, namely in the discrete-to-continuum limit. In this paper we investigate the discrete-to-continuum limit in terms of $\Gamma$-convergence in two different asymptotic regimes. The first scaling promotes the appearance of a finite number of defects whose charges are in accordance with the topology of shell $M$, via the Poincar\'e-Hopf Theorem. The second scaling produces the so called Renormalized Energy that governs the equilibrium of the configurations with defects.
Improved theory for remote-charge-scattering-limited mobility in metal–oxide–semiconductor transistors

Transport theory is extended to include the remote-charge-scattering-limited electron mobility of metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors. We evaluated remote-charge-scattering from the depletion charge in the polycrystalline silicon gate. We obtained an analytical expression for the scattering potential, by taking image charge, screening, and quantization effects into account. The potential increases with decreasing gate-oxide thickness, which results in a mobility degradation at lower vertical electric fields. The calculated mobility agrees well with recent measurements.
Pharmacological Activities and Characterization of Phenolic and Flavonoid Compounds in Solenostemma argel Extract

Solenostemma argel is a desert medicinal plant indigenous to African countries. This research aims to study the pharmacological properties of Solenostemma argel plant. Aerial parts (leaves and flowers) of Solenostemma argel (Delile) Hayane were tested for antibacterial activity, antioxidant activity, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory activity. Phenolic and flavonoid contents of the plant were characterized. There was an increase in the antioxidant activity of Solenostemma argel extract from 12.16% to 94.37% by increasing concentration from10 µg/mL to 1280 µg/mL. The most sensitive organism was S. epidermidis with chloroform extract. The MTT assay revealed that methanolic extracts of Solenostemma argel showed potent cytotoxic effects on the A549, Caco-2, and MDAMB-231 cell lines, respectively. The anti-inflammatory activity increased by increasing the concentration of methanolic extract of Solenostemma argel, using indomethacin as a standard. Gallic acid was the most abundant phenolic acid, followed by synergic acid and p-coumaric acid, respectively. Catechin, quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol and rutin flavonoids were also found in the methanolic extract. GC-mass analysis showed that aerial parts of Solenostemma argel were rich in 2-(5-methyl-5 vinyl tetrahydro-2-furanyl)-2-propanol (11.63%), hexanoic acid methyl ester (10.93%), 3-dioxolane,4-methyl-2-pentadecyl (9.69%), phenol, 2-(1,1-dimethylethyl) (8.50%). It can be concluded that Solenostemma argel methanolic extract contain natural bioactive constituents with potential medicinal importance such as antioxidants, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities.
Supersymmetry and non-Abelian geometric phase for a free particle on a circle with point-like interactions

Though not so widely appreciated in the literature, supersymmetric quantum mechanics provides an ideal playground for studying non-Abelian geometric phase, because supersymmetry always guarantees degeneracies in energy levels. In this paper we first present a simple supersymmetric model for a free particle on a circle with point-like interactions that exhibits N = 2 supersymmetry and doubly degenerate energy levels. We then show that Berry's connection in this model is given by the Wu-Yang-like magnetic monopole in SU(2) Yang-Mills gauge theory. This article is largely based on our recent work [1].
Dwyer–Kan homotopy theory of enriched categories

We construct a model structure on the category of small categories enriched over a combinatorial closed symmetric monoidal model category satisfying the monoid axiom. Weak equivalences are Dwyer–Kan equivalences, that is, enriched functors which induce weak equivalences on morphism objects and equivalences of ordinary categories when we take sets of connected components on morphism objects.
Superiorization-inspired unrolled SART algorithm with U-Net generated perturbations for sparse-view and limited-angle CT reconstruction

Objective. Unrolled algorithms are a promising approach for reconstruction of CT images in challenging scenarios, such as low-dose, sparse-view and limited-angle imaging. In an unrolled algorithm, a fixed number of iterations of a reconstruction method are unrolled into multiple layers of a neural network, and interspersed with trainable layers. The entire network is then trained end-to-end in a supervised fashion, to learn an appropriate regularizer from training data. In this paper we propose a novel unrolled algorithm, and compare its performance with several other approaches on sparse-view and limited-angle CT. Approach. The proposed algorithm is inspired by the superiorization methodology, an optimization heuristic in which iterates of a feasibility-seeking method are perturbed between iterations, typically using descent directions of a model-based penalty function. Our algorithm instead uses a modified U-net architecture to introduce the perturbations, allowing a network to learn beneficial perturbations to the image at various stages of the reconstruction, based on the training data. Main Results. In several numerical experiments modeling sparse-view and limited angle CT scenarios, the algorithm provides excellent results. In particular, it outperforms several competing unrolled methods in limited-angle scenarios, while providing comparable or better performance on sparse-view scenarios. Significance. This work represents a first step towards exploiting the power of deep learning within the superiorization methodology. Additionally, it studies the effect of network architecture on the performance of unrolled methods, as well as the effectiveness of the unrolled approach on both limited-angle CT, where previous studies have primarily focused on the sparse-view and low-dose cases.
On the Gannon–Lee singularity theorem in higher dimensions

The Gannon–Lee singularity theorems give well-known restrictions on the spatial topology of singularity-free (i.e. non-spacelike geodesically complete), globally hyperbolic spacetimes. In this paper, we revisit these classic results in the light of recent developments, especially the failure in higher dimensions of a celebrated theorem by Hawking on the topology of black hole horizons. The global hyperbolicity requirement is weakened, and we expand the scope of the main results to allow for the richer variety of spatial topologies which are likely to occur in higher dimensional spacetimes.
Cosmological Constraints on Radion Evolution in the Universal Extra Dimension Model

The constraints on the radion evolution in the universal extra dimension (UED) model from cosmic microwave background (CMB) and Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) data are studied. In the UED model, where both the gravity and standard model fields can propagate in the extra dimensions, the evolution of the extra-dimensional volume, the radion, induces variation of fundamental constants. We discuss the effects of variation of the relevant constants in the context of UED for the CMB power spectrum and SNe Ia data. We then use the three-year WMAP data to constrain the radion evolution at z{approx}1100, and the 2{sigma} constraint on {rho}/{rho}{sub 0} ({rho} is a function of the radion, to be defined in the text) is [-8.8,6.6]x10{sup -13} yr{sup -1}. The SNe Ia gold sample yields a constraint on {rho}/{rho}{sub 0}, for redshift between 0 and 1, to be [-4.7,14]x10{sup -13} yr{sup -1}. Furthermore, the constraints from SNe Ia can be interpreted as bounds on the evolution QCD scale parameter, {lambda}{sub QCD}/{lambda}{sub QCD,0}, [-1.4,2.8]x10{sup -11} yr{sup -1}, without reference to the UED model.
Vitamin D intake and bone mineral density in Korean adults: analysis of the 2009–2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Koreans is quite high; however, until recently, Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey (KNHANES) had not analyzed the vitamin D intake among Koreans. Additionally, the Korean Dietary Reference Intake for vitamin D was established based on insufficient evidence. Therefore, we investigated vitamin D intake and its relationship with bone mineral density (BMD) in Korean adults using the combined data from the 2009–2011 KNHANES. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was conducted in 11,949 healthy adults. Vitamin D intake was assessed using a 24-h recall method, and the BMD was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (< 20 ng/mL) was 64% in men and 77% in women. In women aged ≥ 50 yrs and men aged < 50 yrs, there was a significant positive correlation between vitamin D intake and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level after sun exposure adjustment. The BMD of postmenopausal women aged ≥ 50 yrs with a vitamin D intake of 5 µg/day or more was significantly higher than that of women with intake less than 5 µg/day. After adjusting for age, energy, and calcium intake, the vitamin D intake of the osteoporotic group was significantly lower than that of the osteopenia group in women. CONCLUSIONS Since the relationship between vitamin D intake and BMD was observed in women aged ≥ 50 yrs, further research is needed to clarify these findings using cohort or randomized controlled trials.
Different Pathways Conferring Integrase Strand-Transfer Inhibitors Resistance

Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors (INSTIs) are currently used as the most effective therapy in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections. Raltegravir (RAL) and Elvitegravir (EVG), the first generation of INSTIs used successfully in clinical treatment, are susceptible to the emergence of viral resistance and have a high rate of cross-resistance. To counteract these resistant mutants, second-generation INSTI drugs have been developed: Dolutegravir (DTG), Cabotegravir (CAB), and Bictegravir (BIC). However, HIV is also able to develop resistance mechanisms against the second-generation of INSTIs. This review describes the mode of action of INSTIs and then summarizes and evaluates some typical resistance mutations, such as substitution and insertion mutations. The role of unintegrated viral DNA is also discussed as a new pathway involved in conferring resistance to INSTIs. This allows us to have a more detailed understanding of HIV resistance to these inhibitors, which may contribute to the development of new INSTIs in the future.
Asymptotic behavior of $L^2$-normalized eigenfunctions of the Laplace-Beltrami operator on a closed Riemannian manifold

Let $e(x,y,\l)$ be the spectral function and ${\chi}_\l$ the unit band spectral projection operator, with respect to the Laplace-Beltrami operator $\D_M$ on a closed Riemannian manifold $M$. We firstly review the one-term asymptotic formula of $e(x,x,\l)$ as $\l\to\infty$ by H{\" o}rmander (1968) and the one of $\p^\al_x\p^\bt_y e(x,y,\l)|_{x=y}$ as $\l\to\infty$ in a geodesic normal coordinate chart by the author (2004) and the sharp asymptotic estimates from above of the mapping norm $\|\chi_\l\|_{L_2\to L_p}$ ($2\leq p\leq\infty$) by Sogge (1988 $&$ 1989) and of the mapping norm $\|\chi_\l\|_{L_2\to {\rm Sobolev} L_p}$ by the author (2004). In the paper we show the one term asymptotic formula for $e(x,y,\l)$ as $\l\to\infty$, provided that the Riemannian distance between $x$ and $y$ is ${\rm O}(1/\l)$. As a consequence, we obtain the sharp estimate of the mapping norm $\|\chi_\l\|_{L_2\to C^\d}$ ($0<\d<1$), where $C^\d(M)$ is the space of H{\" o}lder continuous functions with exponent $\d$ on $M$. Moreover, we show a geometric property of the eigenfunction $e_\l$: $\D_M e_\l+\l^2 e_\l=0$, which says that $1/\l$ is comparable to the distance between the nodal set of $e_\l$ (where $e_\l$ vanishes) and the concentrating set of $e_\l$ (where $e_\l$ attains its maximum or minimum) as $\l\to\infty$.
Random Lindblad dynamics

We study the mixing behavior of random Lindblad generators with no symmetries, using the dynamical map or propagator of the dissipative evolution. In particular, we determine the long-time behavior of a dissipative form factor, which is the trace of the propagator, and use this as a diagnostic for the existence or absence of a spectral gap in the distribution of eigenvalues of the Lindblad generator. We find that simple generators with a single jump operator are slowly mixing, and relax algebraically in time, due to the closing of the spectral gap in the thermodynamic limit. Introducing additional jump operators or a Hamiltonian opens up a spectral gap which remains finite in the thermodynamic limit, leading to exponential relaxation and thus rapid mixing. We use the method of moments and introduce a novel diagrammatic expansion to determine exactly the form factor to leading order in Hilbert space dimension N. We also present numerical support for our main results.
On automorphism groups of simple arguesian lattices

Let G be a group. In this paper we prove that there exists a simple arguesian lattice M whose automorphism group is isomorphic to G. A lattice L is called interval . nite, if every interval of L is . nite. In this note we give a new proof of a theorem of Christian Herrmann [3]. This theorem was proved by G. Grätzer and E. T. Schmidt [2] for . nite groups and later by Christian Herrmann [3] in the present form. Theorem. Every group G can be represented as the automorphism group of an interval . nite, simple, arguesian lattice M . Let G be a given group. By R. Frucht [1], there exists an undirected graph hV; Ei with no loops whose automorphism group is isomorphic to G (that is, V is a set and the set E of edges is a subset of two-elements subsets of V ). We begin our construction with this graph. We consider . rst a vector space V over the two element . eld Z2 with a basis V 0. We assume that V and V 0 have the same cardinality, i.e. jV j = jV 0j. Then we can identify the vertices of the graph with the basis elements of this vector space, that means, we can consider the elements v0; v1; v2; : : : of V as the basis elements of the vector space V. Let A be the lattice of all . nitely generated subspaces of the vector space V. This lattice A is obviously a simple, atomistic, arguesian lattice. The vector space V is over the two element . eld Z2, consequently every line contains three points. The subspace generated by vi will be denoted by the same letter vi. The lattice A has the following three types of atoms: 1. The atoms vi, i 2 I (i.e. the elements of the basis), these form the set V and I an arbitrary index set; 2. Consider the third point vi + vj ( i; j 2 I) of the line vi; vj spanned by vi and vj . Some of these vi + vj-s correspond to edges of the graph (i.e. fvi; vjg is a edge), in this case vi + vj will be denoted by vij . All these atoms form a subset W ; 3. All other atoms. We consider the given G as a subgroup of the automorphism group of A To the vertices of the Frucht graph correspond the atoms vi 2 V; i 2 I and to the edges fvi; vjg correspond the atoms vij , these determine the edges in V . Obviously, every permutation of the vi-s can be extended to an automorphism of A and every Date : July 10, 1998. 1991 Mathematics Subject Classi.cation. Primary 06C05; Secondary 08A35.
Infrared and Hard X-Ray Diagnostics of AGN Identification from the AKARI and Swift/bat All-Sky Surveys

We combine data from two all-sky surveys, the Swift/Burst Alert Telescope 22 Month Source Catalog and the AKARI Point Source Catalogue, in order to study the connection between the hard X-ray (> 10 keV) and infrared (IR) properties of local active galactic nuclei (AGN). We find two photometric diagnostics are useful for source classification: one is the X-ray luminosity vs. IR color diagram, in which type 1 radio-loud AGN are well isolated from other AGN. The second one uses the X-ray vs. IR color-color diagram as a redshift-independent indicator for identifying Compton-thick (CT) AGN. Importantly, CT AGN and starburst galaxies in composite systems can also be separated in this plane based upon their hard X-ray fluxes and dust temperatures. This diagram may be useful as a new indicator to classify objects in new surveys such as with WISE and NuSTAR.