Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Epoxidation of Propylene with O2 Catalyzed by EuCl3

The formation of propylene oxide from propylene by direct oxidation with O2 has been studied with catalysts of rare earth chloride under different carboxylic acids and solvents, and the mechanism of this reaction has been discussed preliminarily. Significant PO-formation was only observed when catalyzed by EuCl3 and in the presence of zinc powder and carboxylic acids. In using carboxylic acids, propanoic acid is the best for the epoxidation of propylene. The yields of the epoxide became higher than those without solvents, but basic substance was not suitable as solvent. In the catalytic system of EuCl3, zinc powder and carboxylic acids, EuCl3 plays a role in transferring electron, zinc powder was the e- donor and carboxylic acids was the H+ donor. The mechanism was consistent with the result of the experiment.
Glass Transition Temperature, Mechanical Properties of Rice and their Relationships with Milling Quality

Abstract Glass transition temperatures (Tg) of MR219 rice variety were measured by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). State diagram was developed and used to evaluate drying process in this study. Glass transition temperatures range of 9.65- 61.79°C were observed for gains with moisture content of 26.8  7.4% (w.b.). For mechanical properties and milling test, statistical analysis was performed by using a two factor experiment in completely randomized design (CRD). Two selected factors were drying temperatures at 5 levels (40, 45, 50, 55, and 60°C) and final moisture content (FMC) at 4 levels (10-10.5, 11-11.5, 12-12.5 and 13-13.5%). Threepoint bending test was applied to measure the mechanical properties of rice kernel. Generally, bending strength, apparent modulus of elasticity and fracture energy of brown rice kernel increased with decreasing the grain moisture content. Maximum bending strength was 35.69 and 33.64 MPa for 55, and 60°C, respectively. All samples that were dried at 55 and 60°C experienced to go through the glass transition line after reaching their temperature to the room temperature at the end of drying process. The effect of drying temperature, paddy FMC and their interactions on whole kernel percentage (WKP) and mechanical properties were significant (α = 0.05). An inverse relationship was observed between WKP and the percentage of strong kernels for all treatments.
Covalent Ferrohydrogels Based on Elongated Particulate Cross-Linkers

The incorporation of surface-functionalized spindle-like hematite nanoparticles as particulate cross-linkers in poly(acrylamide) hydrogel matrices delivers ferrogels with a covalent type of particle–matrix interaction. By systematic investigation of the stability and the internal architecture of the resulting gels, the regime of resilient gels is identified. The swelling properties and the rheological behavior are in accordance with a network structure based on particle nodes interlinked by long polymer segments and a significant fraction of loops.
Attitudes towards ageing of Speech-language Pathology students in a Chilean University.

PURPOSE Describe the attitudes towards ageing of senior undergraduate Speech-language Pathology students in a Chilean University. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study in which the validated Spanish version of the Kogan's Attitudes Toward Old People Scale (KAOP) was applied to 43 students in the aforementioned course. The average scores were compared for the variables gender and interaction with the elderly. RESULTS A trend towards a positive attitude was observed. No differences were found for the variables described. An analysis was carried out with the items in which trends towards negative attitude were reported, and the implications were discussed. CONCLUSION Although a positive attitude was reported, aspects of student academic training should be more comprehensively studied with a view to improving the quality of assistance provided to the elderly.
Adalimumab for early rheumatoid arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis affects 1% of the population and can result in joint destruction, reduced quality of life and function, loss of work productivity and, in severe cases, early mortality. Recent advances with optimal therapeutic strategies, including early initiation of treatment, tight control of the disease activity aiming for remission of the disease and the advent of biological therapies, have led to improved outcomes for patients with rheumatoid arthritis. It is generally agreed that the best outcomes for patients with rheumatoid arthritis occur when treatment is started early. Adalimumab is a new fully humanized monoclonal antibody that blocks the adverse effects of excess TNF-α. New studies using this agent early in the course of rheumatoid arthritis indicate superior rates of remission for patients with this disease.
Study on the surface modification and characterization of Nano-SiO2

The modified effect on nanoparticles of different kinds of silane coupling agents was studied. The dispersibility of nanosilica that was modified and the original sample in organic solvents could be judged directly by using methyl red as the indicator, and the principle of color development was also discussed. Furthermore, the dispersibility in organic solvents was remarkably improved by using the JH-70 silane coupling agent. The hydroxyl on the surface of the nanosilica reacted with the -OR of the silane coupling agent to form Si-O-Si bonds; then, the new bonds on the surface of the nanosilica were suggested by FTIR. From the results, the best factors were found, i.e., the proportion of the coupling agent is 6%, the reaction time is 120 min, and the reaction temperature is 110°C.
Superior Capture of CO2 Achieved by Introducing Extra-framework Cations into N-doped Microporous Carbon

We designed and prepared a novel microporous carbon material (KNC-A-K) for selective CO2 capture. The combination of a high N-doping concentration (>10 wt %) and extra-framework cations, which were introduced into carbonaceous sorbents for the first time, endowed KNC-A-K with exceptional CO2 adsorption capabilities, especially at low pressures. Specifically, KNC-A-K exhibited CO2 uptake of 1.62 mmol g–1 at 25 °C and 0.1 bar, far exceeding the CO2 adsorption capability of most reported carbon material to date. Single component adsorption isotherms indicated that its CO2/N2 selectivity was 48, which also significantly surpasses the selectivity of conventional carbon materials. Furthermore, breakthrough experiments were conducted to evaluate the CO2 separation capability of KNC-A-K on CO2/N2 (10:90 v/v) mixtures under kinetic flow conditions, and the obtained CO2/N2 selectivity was as high as 44, comparable to that predicted from equilibrium adsorption data. Upon facile regeneration, KNC-A-K showed constant .
“Sains Awal PraSekolah”: Children Mobile Learning Application using Emotional Design

The lack of children interest and engagement towards school has caused early school dropout and social problem. As a responsible individual, this problem should cater by making the children interested in schooling during their learning. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to design and develop a “Sains Awal PraSekolah” children mobile learning application using emotional design. This study implemented Mobile-D methodology as it offered the most appropriate and provide a guideline to develop this application successfully. Besides, this project implemented Electroencephalograms (EEG) device (quantitative method) and Kort scale (qualitative method) to evaluate the emotional connection towards the mobile application. The findings suggest the evaluation methods give a positive result that confirms the implementation of emotional design guideline through the mobile application can create a positive emotional connection to children. Hopefully, this study can help researchers to understand the nature of children in making them interested in school.
LINDDUN: running example - social network 2.0 -

This document summarizes the running example used in the LINDDUN paper. Be advised that the example is based on the original LINDDUN methodology and threat trees and thus not fully maps on the current LINDDUN methodology. Nevertheless, the general ideas remain the same and thus running example provides an interesting illustration of the overall LINDDUN methodology.
Study of the effects of High Hydrostatic Pressure (HHP) and Pulsed Light (PL) on BSA structure and hydrolysis

Non-thermal technologies, such as High Hydrostatic Pressure (HHP) and Pulsed light (PL), affect protein inducing modifications in its conformational structure. For this reason the hydrolysis reaction of the protein can be modulated if it is conducted in combination with these technologies which are able to change the availability of peptide bonds exposed to the enzymatic action. The aim is to study the effects of HHP and PL on the structure and the extent of hydrolysis reaction of a target protein: the Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA). BSA protein (5 mg/mL) in sodium phosphate buffer (50 mM, pH = 8) were treated with PL and HHP at different processing conditions, namely pressure level and treatment time in the case of HHP and treatment time and energy input in the case of PL. Structural modification of the protein solutions were analyzed by determining the sulphidrilic groups and the changes of the secondary structure. The effect of the two treatments on the hydrolysis degree (HD) at 37 °C was also evaluated by OPA method. Chymotrypsin and trypsin (E/S ratio = 1/10) were used to hydrolyze the BSA protein solutions. The hydrolysis was carried out in HHP assisted or PL assisted conditions or the protein solutions were treated with HHP or PL processes and immediately after hydrolyzed with the enzymes. Results obtained so far demonstrated that the two technologies tested are able to induce protein modifications and the occurrence and importance of this phenomenon depends on processing parameters causing protein unfolding, namely pressure level and number of pulses. When the maximum protein unfolding is obtained, higher HD values are detected. The highest HD value is obtained in HHP assisted hydrolysis with longer treatment time, and when, before undergoing hydrolysis, the PL treatment is applied to the solution placed at the higher distance from the lamp.
Colored Kerr cat qubits

Biased-noise qubits are a promising candidate for realizing hardware efficient fault-tolerant quantum computing. One promising biased-noise qubit is the Kerr cat qubit, which has recently been demonstrated experimentally. Despite various unique advantages of Kerr cat qubits, we explain how the noise bias of Kerr cat qubits is severely limited by heating-induced leakage in their current implementations. Then, we show that by adding frequency-selective single-photon loss to Kerr cat qubits we can counteract the leakage and thus recover much of their noise bias. We refer to such Kerr cat qubits combined with frequency-selective single-photon loss as colored Kerr cat qubits as they are protected by a colored dissipation. In particular, we show how a suitably engineered lossy environment can suppress the leakage and bit-flip errors of a Kerr cat qubit while not introducing any additional phase-flip errors. Since our scheme only requires single-photon loss, it can be readily implemented by using passive and linear elements. Moreover, our frequency-selectivity technique can be generally applied to energy-gap protected qubits whose computational basis states are given by near degenerate ground states of a Hamiltonian with a non-zero energy gap between the ground and excited state manifolds.
Monochromatic Edges in Complete Multipartite Hypergraphs

Consider the following problem. In a school with three classes containing n students each, given that their genders are unknown, find the minimum possible number of triples of same-gender students—not all of which are from the same class. Muaengwaeng asked this question and conjectured that the minimum scenario occurs when the classes are all boys, all girls and half-and-half. In this paper, we solve many generalizations of the problem including when the school has more than three classes, when triples are replaced by groups of larger sizes, when the classes are of different sizes, and when gender is replaced by other non-binary attributes.
Toward Trustworthy Urban IT Systems: The Bright and Dark Sides of Smart City Development

In smart cities built on information and communication technology, citizens and various IT systems interoperate in harmony. Cloud computing and Internet-of-Things (IoT) technologies that have been developed for a long time are making modern cities smarter. Smart cities can have a positive impact on citizens, but they can also make cities dangerous. Today, with the emerging reality of smart cities, this article looks at both the bright and dark sides and provides a foundation for supporting work-related tasks of IT professionals, as well as non-IT experts involved in urban design and development.
On the Use of CHIME to Detect Long-duration Radio Transients from Neutron Star Mergers

The short gamma-ray burst (SGRB) GRB 170817A was found to be related to a binary neutron star (BNS) merger. It is uncertain whether all SGRBs are caused by BNS mergers and also under what conditions a BNS merger can cause an SGRB. As BNS mergers can cause SGRBs, afterglow observations will also provide an alternative measurement of the BNS merger rate independent of gravitational-wave observations. In previous work by Feng et al., the feasibility of the detection of afterglows was considered using a variety of radio observatories and a simple flux threshold detection algorithm. Here, we consider a more sophisticated detection algorithm for SGRB afterglows and provide an estimate of the trials factors for a realistic search to obtain an updated estimate of the possibility of observing afterglows with the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME). We estimate 893 and 312 afterglows per year can be detected using a 3σ confidence level threshold with two jet models, one with half-opening angle uniformly distributed in 6°–30° and the other uniformly distributed in 3°–8° with the median of 6°. We also find that 88% and 98%, respectively, of the detectable afterglows for each jet-opening distribution are off axis, which are candidates for orphan afterglows. Our result predicts fewer detectable sources per year than the earlier analysis but confirms the essential conclusion that using CHIME to search for afterglows will be effective in constraining the astrophysical merger rate.
Two-stage Planning for Electricity-Gas Coupled Integrated Energy System with CCUS Considering Carbon Tax and Price Uncertainty

In this article, we propose two-stage planning models for Electricity-Gas Coupled Integrated Energy System (EGCIES), in which traditional thermal power plants (TTPPs) are considered to be retrofitted into carbon capture power plants (CCPPs), with power to gas (PtG) coupling CCPPs to gas system. The sizing and siting of carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS)/PtG facilities, as well as the operation cost of TTPPs/CCPPs/gas sources/PtG, are all considered in the proposed model, including penalty on carbon emissions and revenue of CCUS. With changing policy on climate change and carbon emission regulation, the uncertainties of carbon price and carbon tax are also analyzed and considered in the proposed planning model. The stochastic planning, and robust planning methods are introduced to verify mutually through economic and carbon indices. The proposed methods’ effectiveness in reducing carbon emissions, increasing CCUSs’ profit from EGC-IES are demonstrated through various cases and discussions.
Ontology-Assisted Generalisation of Robot Action Execution Knowledge

When an autonomous robot learns how to execute actions, it is of interest to know if and when the execution policy can be generalised to variations of the learning scenarios. This can inform the robot about the necessity of additional learning, as using incomplete or unsuitable policies can lead to execution failures. Generalisation is particularly relevant when a robot has to deal with a large variety of objects and in different contexts. In this paper, we propose and analyse a strategy for generalising parameterised execution models of manipulation actions over different objects based on an object ontology. In particular, a robot transfers a known execution model to objects of related classes according to the ontology, but only if there is no other evidence that the model may be unsuitable. This allows using ontological knowledge as prior information that is then refined by the robot’s own experiences. We verify our algorithm for two actions - grasping and stowing everyday objects - such that we show that the robot can deduce cases in which an existing policy can generalise to other objects and when additional execution knowledge has to be acquired.
Adaptive Streaming of 360 Videos With Perfect, Imperfect, and Unknown FoV Viewing Probabilities in Wireless Networks

This paper investigates adaptive streaming of one or multiple tiled 360 videos from a multi-antenna base station (BS) to one or multiple single-antenna users, respectively, in a multi-carrier wireless system. We aim to maximize the video quality while keeping rebuffering time small via encoding rate adaptation at each group of pictures (GOP) and transmission adaptation at each (transmission) slot. To capture the impact of field-of-view (FoV) prediction, we consider three cases of FoV viewing probability distributions, i.e., perfect, imperfect, and unknown FoV viewing probability distributions, and use the average total utility, worst average total utility, and worst total utility as the respective performance metrics. In the single-user scenario, we optimize the encoding rates of the tiles, encoding rates of the FoVs, and transmission beamforming vectors for all subcarriers to maximize the total utility in each case. In the multi-user scenario, we adopt rate splitting with successive decoding and optimize the encoding rates of the tiles, encoding rates of the FoVs, rates of the common and private messages, and transmission beamforming vectors for all subcarriers to maximize the total utility in each case. Then, we separate the challenging optimization problem into multiple tractable problems in each scenario. In the single-user scenario, we obtain a globally optimal solution of each problem using transformation techniques and the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions. In the multi-user scenario, we obtain a KKT point of each problem using the concave-convex procedure (CCCP). Finally, numerical results demonstrate that the proposed solutions achieve notable gains in quality, quality variation, and rebuffering time over existing schemes in all three cases. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work revealing the impact of FoV prediction on the performance of adaptive streaming of tiled 360 videos.
RANK JUMPS AND GROWTH OF SHAFAREVICH–TATE GROUPS FOR ELLIPTIC CURVES IN -EXTENSIONS

Let p be a prime. In this paper, we use techniques from Iwasawa theory to study questions about rank jump of elliptic curves in cyclic extensions of degree p. We also study growth of the p-primary Selmer group and the Shafarevich–Tate group in cyclic degree-p extensions and improve upon previously known results in this direction.
Learning Altruistic Behaviours in Reinforcement Learning without External Rewards

Can artificial agents learn to assist others in achieving their goals without knowing what those goals are? Generic reinforcement learning agents could be trained to behave altruistically towards others by rewarding them for altruistic behaviour, i.e., rewarding them for benefiting other agents in a given situation. Such an approach assumes that other agents' goals are known so that the altruistic agent can cooperate in achieving those goals. However, explicit knowledge of other agents' goals is often difficult to acquire. In the case of human agents, their goals and preferences may be difficult to express fully; they might be ambiguous or even contradictory. Thus, it is beneficial to develop agents that do not depend on external supervision and learn altruistic behaviour in a task-agnostic manner. We propose to act altruistically towards other agents by giving them more choice and allowing them to achieve their goals better. Some concrete examples include opening a door for others or safeguarding them to pursue their objectives without interference. We formalize this concept and propose an altruistic agent that learns to increase the choices another agent has by preferring to maximize the number of states that the other agent can reach in its future. We evaluate our approach in three different multi-agent environments where another agent's success depends on altruistic behaviour. Finally, we show that our unsupervised agents can perform comparably to agents explicitly trained to work cooperatively, in some cases even outperforming them.
Eigenvalue estimates of the drifted Cheng-Yau operator on bounded domains in pinched Cartan-Hadamard manifolds

We show how a Bochner type formula can be used to establish universal inequalities for the eigenvalues of the drifted Cheng-Yau operator on a bounded domain in a pinched Cartan-Hadamard manifold with the Dirichlet boundary condition. In the first theorem, the hyperbolic space case is treated in an independent way. For the more general setting, we first establish a Rauch comparison theorem for the Cheng-Yau operator and two estimates associated with the Bochner type formula for this operator. Next, we get some integral estimates of independent interest. As an application, we compute our universal inequalities. In particular, we obtain the corresponding inequalities for both Cheng-Yau operator and drifted Laplacian cases, and we recover the known inequalities for the Laplacian case. We also obtain a rigidity result for a Cheng-Yau operator on a class of bounded annular domains in a pinched Cartan-Hadamard manifold. In particular, we can use, e.g., the potential function of the Gaussian shrinking soliton to obtain such a rigidity for the Euclidean space case. The fundamental gap conjecture is also addressed in this paper.
Stock price prediction using BERT and GAN

The stock market has been a popular topic of interest in the recent past. The growth in the inflation rate has compelled people to invest in the stock and commodity markets and other areas rather than saving. Further, the ability of Deep Learning models to make predictions on the time series data has been proven time and again. Technical analysis on the stock market with the help of technical indicators has been the most common practice among traders and investors. One more aspect is the sentiment analysis - the emotion of the investors that shows the willingness to invest. A variety of techniques have been used by people around the globe involving basic Machine Learning and Neural Networks. Ranging from the basic linear regression to the advanced neural networks people have experimented with all possible techniques to predict the stock market. It's evident from recent events how news and headlines affect the stock markets and cryptocurrencies. This paper proposes an ensemble of state-of-the-art methods for predicting stock prices. Firstly sentiment analysis of the news and the headlines for the company Apple Inc, listed on the NASDAQ is performed using a version of BERT, which is a pre-trained transformer model by Google for Natural Language Processing (NLP). Afterward, a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) predicts the stock price for Apple Inc using the technical indicators, stock indexes of various countries, some commodities, and historical prices along with the sentiment scores. Comparison is done with baseline models like - Long Short Term Memory (LSTM), Gated Recurrent Units (GRU), vanilla GAN, and Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model.