Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
35 Years of TFAM Research: Old Protein, New Puzzles

Simple Summary Transcription Factor A Mitochondrial (TFAM) was first purified 35 years ago as an activator of mitochondrial transcription. Because of its critical contributions to mitochondrial DNA transcription and replication, this protein was viewed as a master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis. However, now it is clear that TFAM’s cellular role is more nuanced than previously thought. In this review, we attempted to compile and assess various, at times contradictory, lines of evidence supporting this protein’s diverse roles. It is carried out in the belief that the resolution of the existing contradictions is a prerequisite for further advancements in the field. Abstract Transcription Factor A Mitochondrial (TFAM), through its contributions to mtDNA maintenance and expression, is essential for cellular bioenergetics and, therefore, for the very survival of cells. Thirty-five years of research on TFAM structure and function generated a considerable body of experimental evidence, some of which remains to be fully reconciled. Recent advancements allowed an unprecedented glimpse into the structure of TFAM complexed with promoter DNA and TFAM within the open promoter complexes. These novel insights, however, raise new questions about the function of this remarkable protein. In our review, we compile the available literature on TFAM structure and function and provide some critical analysis of the available data.
Supporting user query reformulation and searching: A concept hierarchy approach

While technological advances have enabled us to access extensive document collections, formulating a query which is well designed for an information retrieval (IR) system remains a difficult task. A number of methods have been developed to support user query formulation and reformulation based on terminological feedback. Terminological feedback offers a set of terms that can be used to modify an existing query. This also gives users an opportunity to transform a part of the query re/formulation process to term selection: a potentially simpler task. There is, however, much room for investigating and improving the interaction between users and IR systems with regard to query re/formulation. The limited context and structure of suggested terms are just some of the problems found with existing methods. This thesis presents a new approach to supporting user query reformulation and searching. The approach is based on hierarchical organisation of terms, which is dynamically derived from a set of retrieved documents. This thesis investigates both statistical and lexical aspects of terms as a means of deriving a hierarchy from texts. As a summative evaluation of our approach, a user study is carried out to investigate several aspects of the user interaction with our support system. A search interface is developed to integrate a visualised hierarchy into a search result of an IR system. Two types of hierarchies are evaluated based on a TREC test collection, and compared to a baseline that has no hierarchy. Results suggest that multiple aspects of information searching process can be supported by the hierarchies. In particular, the range of search vocabulary employed to complete a task is shown to increase, and browsing of retrieved documents is found to be facilitated by the hierarchies.
Chinese guidelines for the diagnosis and comprehensive treatment of colorectal liver metastases (2023 edition)

Liver is the most important target organ for hematogenous metastasis of colorectal cancer, and liver metastasis of colorectal cancer is one of the big challenges in the treatment of colorectal cancer. In order to improve the diagnosis and comprehensive treatment of liver metastases of colorectal cancer in China, the members of guideline development group kept pace with the changing times, collected and summarized the advanced experience and latest achievements in this field at home and abroad, and updated and developed the Chinese guidelines for the diagnosis and comprehensive treatment of colorectal liver metastases (2023 edition) , so as to provide continuous guidance and support for the
Continuous Arterial Spin Labeling with a Dedicated Labeling Coil

Among all existing methods to map cerebral blood flow (CBF), the least invasive is arterial spin labelled (ASL) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This technique deposits no ionizing radiation and no tracer injection is required (1). Instead, arterial water is used as an endogenous tracer within an MRI sequence. To use blood as a tracer, the latter can be magnetically labelled. This labeling relaxes with a decay time of only a few seconds, after which the blood magnetization has returned to equilibrium. Taken together with the possibility of absolute CBF quantification and the innocuity of ASL-MRI, this allows measurements to be repeated, providing access to changes in CBF on timescales ranging from seconds to months, an attractive characteristic for pharmacological MRI.
ISCR - Integrative Intelligent Semantically Driven Scheme for Online Course Recommendation

The easy access of Internet has caused an exponential increase in the availability of courses on a variety of platforms. The increasing popularity and demand of these online courses subsequently create a need for better and more efficient course recommendation systems. The development of WEB 3.0 has also added to this need as the current course recommendation systems are not semantically compliant. The system is user knowledge-centric. It uses Decision Trees to classify the dataset. The semantic similarities have been computed with the help of normalized compression distance, normalized google distance and Gini-index. The performance has been evaluated and compared with other approaches like OPCR, CRFL, CRQCA and hierarchical clustering plus Jaccard similarity. A clear observation has been made that the proposed, knowledge centric ISCR course recommendation system performs superiorly and attains an average Recall, and F-measure of 98.48
Ichthyofaunal diversity and certain Physico-chemical parameters in Nitai beel of Kamrup district of Assam, India

India is endowed with vast expanse of freshwater resources which can be broadly put under two categories depending on basic ecological consideration. They are ponds and lakes and streams and rivers. In Assam alone nearly one lakh hectare of water spread area is covered under beels. Assam is recognized as one of the hotspots of freshwater fish diversity. Biodiversity and its conservation are regarded as one of the major issues of enabling sustainable use of natural resources. The wetlands are providing ecological services to the fringe villages mostly in the form of fishery. Thus, documentation of biodiversity and habitat analysis is the need of the hour for framing out management strategies. A survey was conducted on the Nitai beel of Kamrup district since September 2017 till Oct-2020. Its geographical location falls under 91 0 31´06´´E longitude & 26 0 11´52´´N latitude. Situated on the North-west of Karmrup district lies the Nitai beel, which falls under Hajo revenue circle. The beel is almost 05 km far from Sualkuchi town. Primary data were collected by visiting the studied area twice a month. The local people and fishermans have been questioned and interviewed. In this study, ichthyofaunal diversity along with the physico- chemical parameters of water were studied. The total area of the wetland was recorded to be 50.68 ha. The present investigation reveals an ichthyofaunal diversity of 46 indigenous fish species belonging to 37 Genera, 8 Orders and 19 Families. Among these 5 species are nearly threatened (NT), 01 species vulnerable (VU), 39 species least concern (LC) and 2 Data deficient (DD). Conservation status is evaluated based on IUCN data (2017-2). 41 fish species belong to 9 orders and 20 families were recorded including many threatened fauna. Seasonal variations in species composition and physico-chemical parameters of abiotic components have been recorded. Catch composition study reveals the wetland is dominated by indigenous small group fishes such as Amblypharyngodon mola, Puntius sophore, Pethia ticto, Trichogaster fasciata and Badis badis having tremendous entrepreneurship potential in ornamental fish culture practice. So in this study an attempt has been made to know the actual status of icthyofaunal resources of the Nitai beel and its physic-chemical status.
ROLE OF ICT IN WOMEN EMPOWERMENT

: The first Prime Minister of India Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru once said, “To awaken the people, it is women who must be awaken; once she is on the move, the family moves, the village moves and the nation moves”. In developing countries women are abused or misused in various sectors. Submissiveness or compliance and servility is in their nature because of the inequality they are facing. Despite the great growth of education in many countries women are still not considered as equal gender everywhere. The status of women is considered to be minor or inferior even after her great contribution to society. It is the right time for women to stand for her. Women empowerment is a burning issue. Various NGOs are working for the betterment of women and give them training for self-independence. Government is also taking this issue seriously and has announced various policies in favour of women. In this scenario Information and Communication Technology is also playing an important role. Through ICT women are getting security, awareness, knowledge, employments, confidence, popularity etc. This paper brings into notice the role of Information and Communication Technology in women empowerment. Here various cases have been discussed to give a light on the different angles of ICT has brought to the society. Due to the ICT new generation women across the world have overcome all negative notions and have proved themselves beyond doubt in all spheres of life including the most intricate and cumbersome world of entrepreneurship. In this respect making use of ICT might just become a magic wand to improvise the conditions of women in the present times.
Consumption and processing patterns of maize ( Zea mays ): A review

Corn or Maize ( Zea mays ) is the most important cereal in the world, its protein name is “Zein” It is a very good source of nutritional components and photochemical compounds. It is a source of more than 3,500 products including specialized Maize like QPM (Quality Protein Maize), contains nearly twice as much lysine and tryptophan, amino acids that are essential for human consumptions. At present, maize is consumed in poultry feed (47%), cattle feed (13%), starch (14%) and processed food (7%), these sectors utilizes 81% of total maize production in India. Many traditional and industrial maize processing methods exist. Industrial processing includes wet and dry milling to produce a wide variety of products. Now days, corn flour and corn starch is widely used in food industry mainly for bakery products.
EFFECTS OF DEXAMETHASONE ON LIVER HISTOLOGY OF ADULT ALBINO MICE

Objective : In this study the effects of dexamethasone on liver histology in animal model were evaluated. Design : This study comprised of 120 albino adult mice which were divided in four groups; one control and three experimental groups (on ascending doses of dexamethasone) administered for twelve weeks. The mice were sacrificed at 4, 8 and 12 weeks and liver histology was examined. The liver was serially sectioned and stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin stains. A comparison of any dose-related changes of dexamethasone on the liver was made with the control group. One way ANOVA was applied to compare weight of liver, size of hepatocyte and nuclear changes in all groups. Results : Histological analysis showed that dexamethasone induced increase in weight of liver, an increase in hepatocyte size in relation to the dose given. Nuclear changes showed pyknosis with heightened staining. Cellular infiltration and portal vein congestion. Conclusion : These findings suggest thatdexamethasone has deleterious effects on liver histology.
Artificial neural network based numerical solution of ordinary differential equations

In this investigation we introduced the method for solving Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) using artificial neural network. The feed forward neural network of the unsupervised type has been used to get the approximation of the given ODEs up to the required accuracy without direct use of the optimization techniques. The problem is formulated in such a manner that it satisfies the initial/boundary conditions by its construction. The trail solution of the ODE is the sum of two terms. The first term satisfies the initial or boundary conditions, while the second one is the feed forward neural output produced by n number of inputs and h number of hidden sigmoid units. The error gradient has been reduced by applying general learning method to get the desired output.The results have been verified for different problems and the convergence of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) output has been checked for arbitrary points. It may be noted that the interpolation is also possible through this process. The advantage of neuron processor is that the output can be produced to any arbitrary accuracy, while the targets or exact results are unknown or hard to find out.
Capital Markets and Grain Prices: Assessing the Storage Cost Approach1

This paper evaluates an approach to shed light on capital markets using grain prices, since stored grain incurs interest costs as part of the storage costs. Though this storage cost approach has been applied in McCloskey and Nash (1984) and has potentially wide applicability in situations where interest rate data is not available, this paper provides the first analysis of how well the storage cost approach captures actual capital market developments. Using matched data on bank interest rates and grain prices for early 19th century U.S. regions, we find that the storage cost approach is useful for quantifying the performance of capital markets. While the estimation of regionand year-specific interest rates can be challenging, the approach grain price approach accurately reflects differences in capital market development. Furthermore, the approach is robust to employing time series filtering techniques as well as dealing with unavailable information on harvest times, outliers, and a range of other factors. 1 We thank Stephen Broadberry, Howard Bodenhorn, Jan Luiten van Zanden, and participants at the CEPR Economic History Symposium 2018 for comments. Support by the National Science Foundation (SES grant #1124426) is gratefully acknowledged (Keller and Shiue). 2 Email: kellerw@colorado.edu 3 Email: carol.shiue@gmail.com 4 Email: xin.wang@nsd.pku. edu.cn
Automatic Decidability for Theories Modulo Integer Offsets

Many verification problems can be reduced to a satisfiability problem modulo theories. For building satisfiability procedures the rewriting-based approach uses a general calculus for equational reasoning named superposition. Schematic superposition, in turn, provides a mean to reason on the derivations computed by superposition. Until now, schematic superposition was only studied for standard superposition. We present a schematic superposition calculus modulo a fragment of arithmetics, namely the theory of Integer Offsets. This new schematic calculus is used to prove the decidability of the satisfiability problem for some theories extending Integer Offsets. We illustrate our theoretical contribution on theories representing extensions of classical data structures, e.g., lists and records. An implementation in the rewriting-based Maude system constitutes a practical contribution. It enables automatic decidability proofs for theories of practical use.
Deposit Market Competition and Bank Risk

: Although a wide body of theoretical research finds that intense deposit market competition increases the incentives of banks to undertake excess risk, the empirical literature on the topic has not reached a consensus. In this paper we revisit the topic by estimating a system of equations describing the relation between bank risk and the deposit market competitive position. Our model incorporates both the simultaneity of a bank’s risk and a bank’s deposit market competitive position and the substitutability of wholesale and retail sources of funds. The analysis is based on a large dataset which matches information about the deposit market participation (prices and market shares) of 589 banks in 164 US local deposit markets with balance sheet data of the banks and the characteristics of the local markets. Our results support the notion of a risk-enhancing effect of deposit market competition.
Effects of Flip Learning Approach on Prospective Teachers’ Pedagogical Skills

Prospective teachers’ training is carried out adopting various approaches. Every approach has some merits and demerits. The current study adopted a flip learning approach for the training of prospective teachers in pedagogical skills. The study was delimited to four pedagogical skills (instructional planning, presentation, classroom management and assessment skills). Null hypotheses were formulated and in pre-experimental designs one group single case study design was adopted. The treatment of the group was done through flip learning approach for teaching of pedagogical skills for prospective teachers. Students of B.Ed one year in distance education program at Takht Bhia center were selected for the study. Data were collected through a questionnaire and were analyzed through mean std deviation and t-paired test. The results rejected the null hypotheses as there was a significant effect of flip learning approach on prospective teachers’ pedagogical skills. It was therefore, recommended that prospective teachers may be taught through flip learning approach particularly in the teaching of pedagogical skills.
Electroacupuncture Relieves Visceral Hypersensitivity via Balancing PAR2 and PAR4 in the Descending Pain Modulatory System of Goats

Electroacupuncture (EA) is an efficient treatment for visceral hypersensitivity (VH). However, the mechanism underlying VH remains obscure. This study aimed to examine the effect of EA at Housanli acupoint on PAR2 and PAR4 expression in the periaqueductal gray (PAG), rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM), and spinal cord dorsal horn (SCDH) axes, as well as on expression of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α, COX-2 enzyme, c-Fos, and the neuropeptides CGRP and SP in the same areas of the descending pain modulatory system. To induce VH in male goats, a 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene-sulfonic acid (TNBS)–ethanol solution was administered to the ileal wall. The visceromotor response (VMR) and nociceptive response at different colorectal distension pressures were measured to evaluate VH. Goats in the TNBS group displayed significantly increased VMR and nociceptive response scores, and elevated protein and mRNA levels of PAR2 and PAR4 in the descending pain modulatory system compared to those in the control group. EA alleviated VMR and nociceptive responses, decreased the protein and mRNA expression levels of PAR2, and elevated those of PAR4 in the descending pain modulatory system. EA may relieve VH by reducing PAR2 expression and increasing PAR4 expression in the descending pain modulatory system.
Neuroimaging resilience to trauma

Funding information CDC-NIOSH U01 to MPR and AF, grant number 1U01OH011473-01 Resilience, or the phenomenon of successful adaptation following significant trauma exposure, is a complex, multidimensional, and dynamic process. To date, research on neural mechanisms involved in human resilience has comprised of two major research streams – involving individuals with childhood and adulthood trauma exposure, respectively. Although there are systematic differences in how both trauma and resilience have been defined across these two bodies of research, some striking regions of convergence emerge when considering the literature as a whole. Here, we review functional imaging studies from across these two research streams, alongside discussion of some of the methodological difficulties involved in quantifying both trauma and resilience in human participants. Due to the broad scope of this literature, we restrict the scope of our narrative to several key domains where studies from across these two bodies of work implicate common neural circuitry. These areas of convergence include brain networks implicated in emotion regulation, responses to rewards, and cognitive control. Further, we briefly review functional imaging evidence related to proposed mechanisms underlying resilient outcomes: namely active coping, cognitive reappraisal and successful fear extinction. Finally, we also touch upon several ongoing issues in neuroimaging study design and analysis that will need to be addressed in order to enable us to harness insight from such studies to improve treatments for – or, ideally, guard against the development of – debilitating post-traumatic stress syndromes.
Kinetic modeling and experiments of pulsed response of two noble gas plasma

This paper presents the preliminary results of the experimental activities to improve our understanding of molecular-based multi-species plasmas and to develop electric propulsion plasma thrusters using these gases as propellants. The formation and propagation of ion acoustic waves in a low-density plasma generated in a multipole plasma cell with a hot filament discharge were studied to understand the dynamic behaviors and the sheath/presheath conditions of the low-density multi-species plasma. The electron temperature of the low-density (on the order of 10 13 m − 3 ) argon plasma was determined by a disk-shaped Langmuir probe. The ion acoustic wave was formed by a fast pulsed voltage applied on a mesh-grid electrode immersed in the plasma. A phase speed of the formed ion acoustic wave was determined by spatial measurements of the response of the plasma perturbed by the applied pulse. In this experiment, the shape of the pulse applied to the wave launcher, a biasing voltage on the wave collector, and a background chamber pressure were varied to validate the experimental setup. The electron temperature determined by the measured phase speed of ion acoustic wave ( 𝑣 𝐼𝐴𝑊 = √︁ 𝑒𝑇 𝑒 / 𝑚 𝑖 ) agreed with the electron temperature obtained by the Langmuir probe with a 40 % error maximum.
A Preliminary Study on the Air and Concrete Activation Analysis for RAON ISOL-Bunker

The Institute for Basic Science (IBS) in Korea has designed a heavy ion accelerator which is called as RAON [1]. Before constructing the radiation facility, radiation effects should be evaluated for the radiation safety. There are two radiation analysis field; (i) prompt radiation and (ii) residual radiation. The residual radiation is generated from materials irradiated from the high energy prompt radiation. The dose of the residual radiation is relatively lower than that of the prompt radiation; therefore, the analysis is usually performed after turn-off of the accelerators. In this study, radioactivity analyses were performed to establish the strategy of the activation analysis in ISOL facilities of RAON. To estimate the residual radiation dose calculation, the rigorous-two-step method (R2S) [2] was used with coupling the MCNPX 2.7 [3] and SPFISPECT-2010 code [4].
IN IMAGING Ultrasonography for Diagnosing Chronic Kidney Disease in Dogs and Cats

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive condition that is commonly diagnosed in older dogs and cats. CKD may be part of the kidney’s aging process or a sequela to an acute nephropathy; an inciting factor is often not recognized. A diagnosis is established by serial biochemical testing and diagnostic imaging. Ultrasonography plays a key role in identifying and staging CKD. Most patients are asymptomatic during the earlier stages of the disease process, and ultrasonographic abnormalities may be seen before renal biomarkers are elevated. This article reviews the reported ultrasonographic features of CKD in dogs and cats, with the goal of reducing morbidity of affected patients through early recognition.