Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A cage induction generator using back to back PWM converters for variable speed grid connected wind energy system

A new control scheme of a variable speed grid connected wind energy generation system is presented. The scheme uses a cage induction generator driven by an emulated wind turbine with two back-to-back voltage-fed PWM inverters to interface the generator and the grid. The machine currents are controlled using an indirect vector control technique. The generator torque is controlled to drive the machine to the speed for maximum wind turbine aerodynamic efficiency. The supply side converter currents are also controlled using a vector approach using a reference frame aligned with stator voltage vector. The DC link voltage of the power electronics interface is controlled acting upon the supply active power current component using a nonlinear control and a fuzzy based interpolation of linear PI controllers to improve the disturbance rejection and meet noise considerations in steady state. Experimental validation of the proposed control scheme on an emulated 3.2 kW wind energy system is shown.
Channel Estimation in GPRS based Communication System using Bayesian Demodulation.

With the increase use of portable devices such as Personal Digital Assistants (PDA), laptops, voice and data integrated cell phones and many more, there is a need of wireless communication method using air as the medium to transmit and receive information between terminals. Radio waves propagate from transmitting antenna and travel through free space undergoing reflections, diffractions and scattering. They are greatly affected by ground terrain, the atmosphere and the objects in their path like buildings, bridges, hills etc. Nowadays, the existence of a direct line of sight path between the transmitter and the receiver is unlikely. These multiple phenomena are responsible for most of the characteristic features like the quality of the received signal. In the above case propagation is mainly due to reflection and cattering from the buildings and by diffraction. So, in practice the transmitted signal arrives at the receiver via several paths with different time delays creating a multi path situation at the receiver, these multipath waves with randomly distributed amplitudes and phases combine to give a resultant signal that fluctuates in time and space. This phenomenon of random fluctuations in received signal level is termed as fading. The existing demodulation techniques like FM, AM will determine the signal from the received signal based on the mean distance method, which cannot provide the desired level of BER, which fails in proper estimation under high fading and high Doppler-Shift effect. SOLUTION: This project provides the implementation of an enhancement to the demodulation technique using Bayesian approach for the physical layer simulation of a General Packet Radio System (GPRS) considering variable Rician fading and variable Doppler-Shift effect for an AWGN channel. The system performance is evaluated based on Bit Error Rate (BER) and Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) for the realized GPRS system. Matlab platform is used for the implementation, analysis of the proposed system with for functional verification in terms of BER and SNR. We have showed the comparative difference between the theoretical calculation of QPSK signal and to the values obtained by our program. The values show difference up to 0.4 db for a 1000 bit random vector. Moreover, we also compared with QAM demodulation technique in MATLAB code to show difference up to 1.4 db for a 1000 bit vector. These results signify better performance of the system as it has saved bandwidth.
Removing the 'Black Box' from the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model

In The Ascent of Money (2008), the Harvard financial historian Niall Ferguson refers to the Black-Scholes option pricing model 'as a black box' which is beyond comprehension of anyone except the mathematically astute and leaves most investors baffled. In this paper, we develop a heuristic proof of Black-Scholes as an aid to learning, discovery and problem solving. From a deterministic model, the basic structure of Black-Scholes is identified. Thereafter, the generalized form of Black-Scholes is deduced and various underlying components examined with particular emphasis on a conceptual understanding of the symbols N(d1) and N(d2). The methodology relies heavily on intuition and transparency with the more rigorous mathematics relegated to the appendices.
Prediction and Modelling of Corrosion in Steel Storage Tank Using Non-destructive Inspection

: The ability to detect and classify damages in complex materials and structures is an important problem from both safety and economical perspectives. This paper develops a novel approach based on geostatistical analysis for the corrosion prediction. Our approach is based on using geostatistics for modeling oil tank thickness from nondestructive data. First of all the semivariogram was obtained from the scatter points set. Then computing the ordinary kriging predictions at unmonitored points. Finally, simulating the thickness along the surface of the tank.
A possible examination method for observing agriculture

On the basis of our examinations we have come to the conclusion that longitudinal examinations are the simplest and most up-to-date methods as well as the most cost-efficient ones to follow the decision-making, preparatory data collecting, processing and analysing opportunities serving the sustainability of agriculture better and better together with tracing down the feedback about the decisions to see if the given measure has really resulted in reaching the objectives. The method was proved to be able to supply both micro-and macro-level information in the desired breakdown, groupings and systems of connections. The development successive (panel) examination that we applied can serve as the basis of making decisions affecting huge areas by means of total listings and breakdowns. Moreover, it can also control their effects and aftermaths. We suggest the implementation of introducing this data collecting and information supplying method declared to be desirable also by the European Union. Implementation could be eased to a great extent by the fact that it is available for the organisations, as well.
Oligonucleotide design and codon optimization for PCR-based gene synthesis

If synthetic biologists are to engineer novel biological functionality, they must be able to fabricate the DNA encoding it. A number of companies synthesize DNA for a fee, but their service is opaque. Researchers can alternatively perform their own syntheses, but the process is time-consuming and error-prone. is thesis introduces a soware tool designed to make it simpler and more reliable. DNA is synthesized from overlapping oligonucleotides by ligation or PCR; this thesis focuses on PCR-based methods. Many sets of oligonucleotides can be used to synthesize a given sequence; choosing the optimal set is a computational problem. A number of soware tools for oligonucleotide design exist, but none are adequate. Some employ poorly-designed algorithms, while others place unnecessary restrictions on oligonucleotide length or overlap size. An optimal set of oligonucleotides for PCR-based synthesis has no potential for mispriming and has maximally uniform overlap melting temperatures. We present an algorithm that nds such a set. Unlike similar algorithms, it places no restrictions on oligo length or overlap size except those given by the user. Mason, a tool employing this algorithm, has been implemented in Common Lisp. e space of potential sets of oligos is much larger when the DNA to be synthesized contains protein-coding regions; because the genetic code is degenerate, a combinatorial number of diierent sequences can encode the same protein. If the primary concern is a protein sequence, codons can be changed to synonymous codons with little consequence, making it possible to remove problematic repetitive elements. We show that our algorithm can theoretically be extended and used with constraint optimization algorithms to solve the more diicult problem of simultaneously optimizing codon usage and designing oligonucleotides for synthesis.
A Thorough Theoretical Exploration of Intriguing Characteristics of Cyclo[18]carbon: Geometry, Bonding Nature, Aromaticity, Weak Interaction, Reactivity, Excited States, Vibrations, Molecular Dynamics and Various Molecular Properties

Although cyclo[18]carbon has been theoretically and experimentally investigated since long time ago, only very recently it was prepared and directly observed by means of STM/AFM in condensed phase (Kaiser et al., Science, 365, 1299 (2019)). The unique ring structure and dual 18-center π delocalization feature bring a variety of unusual characteristics and properties to the cyclo[18]carbon, which are quite worth to be explored. In this work, we present an extremely comprehensive and detailed investigation on almost all aspects of the cyclo[18]carbon, including (1) Geometric characteristics (2) Bonding nature (3) Electron delocalization and aromaticity (4) Intermolecular interaction (5) Reactivity (6) Electronic excitation and UV/Vis spectrum (7) Molecular vibration and IR/Raman spectrum (8) Molecular dynamics (9) Response to external field (10) Electron ionization, affinity and accompanied process (11) Various molecular properties. We believe that our full characterization of the cyclo[18]carbon will greatly deepen researchers' understanding of this system, and thereby help them to utilize it in practice and design its various valuable derivatives.
Perceived Severity of Chronic Illness Diagnosis and Psychological Well-being: Exploring the Multiplicity and Dimensions of Perceived Identity Change

ABSTRACT In this study, we explore the role of perceived identity change as it relates to chronic illness and psychological well-being. Individuals with chronic illnesses (N = 345, M age = 34.08, SD = 11.23) completed a questionnaire assessing their diagnosis, perceived identity change, and psychological well-being. Results demonstrated significant differences within identity aspects (i.e., personal, social, relational, and performative) for both the amount (i.e., how much) and affect (i.e., positive or negative) of perceived identity change. Further, the perceived amount of specific identity change in only the relational aspect mediated the relationship between perceived severity of chronic illness diagnosis and psychological well-being. However, collective perceived amount of identity change (i.e., average scores on all four amount identity aspects) also mediated the relationship between perceived severity of chronic illness diagnosis and psychological well-being. Results from a conditional process model indicated that as perceived affective change in the relational layer becomes more neutral, the significant negative indirect effect of perceived severity of chronic illness diagnosis on psychological well-being via perceived amount of identity change in the relational aspect is strengthened. Thus, researchers and practitioners should account for the nuances of identity to better attend to the psychological needs of individuals living with a chronic illness.
A new method of measuring radio source parameters of a partially polarized distributed source from spacecraft observations

An experimental system is analyzed which is designed to determine the angular and polarization properties of low frequency radio sources from measurements made on a spinning spacecraft. The system has been optimized to provide high accuracies for sources at high as well as low elevation angles. Theoretical expressions are derived for the response of this system to a partially polarized point source. Integrations are then carried out to get the system response to a uniform circular distributed source. Data processing techniques are derived so that computer simulations can be carried out to investigate the accuracy of this technique. It is shown that using 24 measurements of a partially polarized source (with Q = U = V = 0.5), taken in one spacecraft rotation, the resulting rms errors in angular position are less than one degree and the errors in determining the Stokes parameters are generally 1-10% for a wide range of source elevations.
The development of Saudisation practices in the Saudi supermarket industry : an institutional perspective

This thesis examines the development of Saudisation practices in the Saudi private sector. The focus of the empirical research is five supermarket firms operating in Saudi Arabia. The thesis investigates the development of Saudisation practices over time with a particular focus on the period between 2003 and 2007. Methodologically, this research adopts the mixed methods approach to data collection by using both quantitative and qualitative data. The study applies explanation-building and pattern-matching techniques to analyse the data collected. Theoretically, the study draws on analytical models from institutional theory, in particular from the work of Greenwood, Paauwe, Scott, Oliver and others. The thesis makes a further contribution to existing work by scholars of contextual human resources management and the Dutch HR network. The research findings show that Saudisation practices are an institutional field. The field has prime actors such as the Ministry of Labour, leading supermarket chains and young Saudis. Those primary actors and other secondary ones apply regulative, normative and culture-cognitive pressures. The result of these pressures is the isomorphism of Saudisation practices, in which practices are diffused in the industry. This study shows that under limited and contradictory institutional pressure, practices are not diffused. However, Saudisation practices are diffused under extensive pressure or where there is potential return for the business. This research also suggests that the leading firms tend to have a common demographic composition, both as entire organisations and also, in part, in their senior management teams.
Toward optimal allocation of human resources for active learning withapplication to safe advertising

This paper provides an empirical analysis of alternative techniques for incorporating human resources into the data mining process, in particular, for data acquisition for classifier induction in domains exhibiting extreme class imbalance. The approaches analyzed were motivated by the problem of applying data mining to build systems for “safe” online advertising: helping advertisers to control the content adjacent to their advertisements. Objectionable categories such as hate speech, pornography, etc., are quite rare in the natural distribution of web pages faced by most advertisers. However, wholesome nature of most brands necessitates reducing the occurrence of such content as much as possible much more still. The problem faced by data mining in such settings is that traditional methods for procuring labeled training data, including both labeling random samples and active learning, are much less effective under such extreme class imbalance. On the other hand, there is an alternative way to deploy human resources for training-data acquisition: have them “guide” the learning by searching explicitly for training examples of each class. We show that under extreme skew, even basic techniques for guided learning completely dominate smart (active) strategies for applying human resources to select cases for labeling. Thus, it is critical to consider the relative cost of search versus labeling, and we demonstrate the tradeoffs for different relative costs. Finally, we show that in cost/skew settings where the choice between search and active labeling is equivocal, a hybrid strategy can combine the benefits of each.
Introduction: knowledge and innovation in the globalising world wine industry

Wine is hardly a new product. Already widely drunk and traded in the Middle East and around the Mediterranean several thousand years ago, it has slowly but consistently diffused itself across the five continents. Anybody who has ever taken part in a vintage will remember how easy is to produce wine: it simply requires collecting and pressing grapes and storing the juice in barrels until it ferments. But even an inexperienced drinker quickly finds that each wine tastes different. These differences in taste are so valued by consumers that a vintage bottle of wine can be a luxury or positional good, as expensive as a diamond. However the bulk of the annual production of wine is not expensive: it is a rather reasonable and affordable beverage widely diffused to the tables of restaurants and households. As with any other consumer product, its sales are affected by traditional factors: price and quality.
Does force enhancement occur during the stretch-shorten cycle?

ii Acknowledgments . iii List of Tables . vi List of Illustrations . vii List of Abbreviations . ix Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 Purpose . 8 Hypotheses . 8 Limitations . 9 Delimitations . 9 Definitions of Terms . 9 Chapter 2: Review of Literature . 11 Muscle Structure and Function . 12 Force Enhancement . 21 Muscle-tendon Interaction . 32 Countermovements . 50 Summary . 52 Chapter 3: Methods . 55 Participants . 55
Information about task progress modulates cognitive demand avoidance

People tend to avoid engaging in cognitively demanding tasks unless it is 'worth our while'-that is, if the benefits outweigh the costs of effortful action. Yet, we seemingly partake in a variety of effortful mental activities (e.g. playing chess, completing Sudoku puzzles) because they impart a sense of progress. Here, we examine the possibility that information about progress-specifically, the number of trials completed of a demanding cognitive control task, relative to the total number of trials to be completed-reduces individuals' aversion to cognitively effort activity, across four experiments. In Experiment 1, we provide an initial demonstration that presenting progress information reduces individuals' avoidance of cognitively demanding activity avoidance using a variant of the well-characterized Demand Selection Task (DST). The subsequent experiments buttress this finding using a more sophisticated within-subjects versions of the DST, independently manipulating progress information and demand level to further demonstrate that, 1) people prefer receiving information about temporal progress in a task, and 2) all else being equal, individuals will choose to engage in tasks that require greater levels of cognitive effort when the more demanding option confers information about their progress in a task. Together, these results suggest that progress information can motivate cognitive effort expenditure and, in some cases, override individuals' default bias towards demand avoidance.
Rule Based Design Optimization of Cradle Structures Using Frequency Domain Structural Synthesis

Abstract : This work investigates the use of frequency domain structural synthesis and an expert system rule based design methodology for automating the design of the submarine machinery cradle. The expert system provides 'intelligent' automated executive control of the design process. Frequency domain structural synthesis provides the means to rapidly alter the structural configuration of the cradle design and calculate dynamic response. The goal is the minimization of structural dynamic transmissibility.
Designing Technology in Homes to Meet the Needs of Disabled People

Abstract This paper considers the main aspects and questions that are required to be asked by any designer of residences that include high-end technology for people with disabilities. It seeks to reframe the design process to extend the concepts of inclusive and universal design within the social context of designing for people with a wide range of disabilities. Designing smart homes for disabled or older people is not different from designing the home for people without any form of impairment on the one hand. On the other hand, there is a perceptual shift that is required in order to ensure needs are met from all stakeholders. There is a need to determine the needs of the occupant(s) and reflect these needs within the overall design. Keywords: Design, Dependability, Disability, Assistive Technology, Smart Homes, Inclusive Design, Universal Design, Design Criteria, Cultural Probes Introduction This paper is derived from the work of three projects, namely DIRC (www.dirc.org.uk), EQUATOR (www.equator.ac.uk) and CUSTODIAN (www.smartthinking.ukideas/custindex.html). Designing homes that meet the needs of disabled people is not as straightforward as might first appear, especially when technology is likely to be performing a central role in the finished design. This paper unpacks the main factors within the design process. It reflects the main considerations that have been derived from designing residences for people with cognitive impairments and physical disabilities. Four main areas of significance are covered within the paper, which together allow the designer a wider picture of the overall design. A methodological underpinning to the design process has stemmed from Manderville [16] who demonstrates that technology and disability are interrelated.
Managing Technological Development

1. How to Cope with Development in a Developing World 2. Interaction and Resource Development 3. Managing Resources Merged into 'Basic' Technologies - How to Utilise and Develop a Facility and its Products 4. Managing a Greening Demand - Changes in the Image of a Technology 5. Initiating Change - the Development of a 'lead2 User' 6. Managing Change Through Interaction - the Advantage of Being Small 7. Managing Change Through Interaction - Taking Advantage of Being Big 8. Living with Change - Utilising Possibilities in Path Dependence 9. Living with Change - Handling Increased Variety Through 'Wait and See' 10. Living with Change - Through Moving Resources Characterised by heaviness and Variety 11. Empirical Experiences Concerning Interfaces between Resources 12. Interacting Resources Creating Friction
Spatial Sound Reproduction with Directional Audio Coding

Directional audio coding (DirAC) is a method for spatial sound representation, applicable for different sound reproduction systems. In the analysis part the diffuseness and direction of arrival of sound are estimated in a single location depending on time and frequency. In the synthesis part microphone signals are first divided into nondiffuse and diffuse parts, and are then reproduced using different strategies. DirAC is developed from an existing technology for impulse response reproduction, spatial impulse response rendering (SIRR), and implementations of DirAC for different applications are described.
METHODOLOGY FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF TRAFFIC ADAPTIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS

Most network delays are experienced at signalized intersections. Depending on the site conditions, implementation of traffic adaptive control has been demonstrated to result in a wide range of benefits. Municipal traffic engineers need methodology for the estimation of the effectiveness of investment in upgrading traffic control prior to actual implementation. Although it is useful to examine the results of adaptive control at other sites, reliance on these cannot be placed due to a wide variation in benefits experienced. This article reports on a methodology for the assessment of traffic adaptive signal control systems. The methodology is illustrated through a case study.