Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Türkiye’de Fijital (Phygital) Pazarlama Uygulamaları Üzerine Nitel Bir Araştırma: Bref’le Hijyene Yolculuk Projesi Örneği

Phygital marketing uses both physical and digital channels together by synchronizing them to provide the best experience to consumers. This marketing approach, which is much stronger and more effective, increases the brand's recognition. In this study “Journey to Hygiene with BrefProject” the first of very few examples of phygital marketing practices in Turkey has been investigated as a case study. In the study, in which qualitative research method was used, a semi-structured interview form was used to conduct an in-depth interview with the product manager of the brandand analyzed. As a result, it has been revealed that phygital marketing practices have achieved very successful results in being the pioneer of change or catching changing trends, by making the consumer feeland tell them more, gaining customers and building customer loyalty, communicating much more effective messages and interacting with consumers much more effectively by creating fun and exciting personal experiences.
Is there any predictive value of the ratio of the upper to the lower diameter of the ureter for ureteral stone impaction?

Abstract Background: We aimed to determine if the ratio of the upper to the lower diameter of the ureter could have any predictive value for ureteral stone impaction. Materials and methods: Patients who had a solitary unilateral ureteric stone, determined by noncontrast computerized tomography, were assessed if they had undergone ureteroscopic lithotripsy. A total of 111 patients, 84 males (76%), and 27 females (24%), were recruited to the study. Demographic data of the patients and preoperative radiological parameters based on noncontrast computerized tomography were recorded. The impaction status was also assessed during the operation. Results: Of the 111 patients, ureteral stones in 63 (57%) patients were determined to be impacted, and ureteral stones in 48 (43%) were nonimpacted. Impacted stones were more common in older patients, female patients, and patients with an American Society of Anesthesiologists score of 2. Conclusions: Significant relationships were found between the impaction status and transverse stone length, longest stone length, upper diameter of the ureter, ratio (upper diameter of the ureter/lower diameter of the ureter), and anteroposterior diameter of the pelvis. These parameters were higher in patients with impacted stones.
Hippopotamus movements structure the spatiotemporal dynamics of an active anthrax outbreak

Hippopotamus movements structure the spatiotemporal dynamics of an active anthrax outbreak. Abstract. Globally, anthrax outbreaks pose a serious threat to people, livestock, and wildlife. Further-more, environmental change can exacerbate these outbreak dynamics by altering the host – pathogen relationship. However, little is known about how the quantitative spatial dynamics of host movement and environmental change may affect the spread of Bacillus anthracis , the causative agent of anthrax. Here, we use real-time observations and high-resolution tracking data from a population of common hippopotamus ( Hippopotamus amphibius ) in Tanzania to explore the relationship between river hydrology, H. amphibius movement, and the spatiotemporal dynamics of an active anthrax outbreak. We found that extreme river drying, a consequence of anthropogenic disturbances to our study river, indirectly facilitated the spread of B. anthracis by modulating H. amphibius movements. Our ﬁ ndings reveal that anthrax spread upstream in the Great Ruaha River ( ~ 3.5 km over a 9-day period), which followed the movement patterns of infected H. amphibius , who moved upstream as the river dried in search of remaining aquatic refugia. These upstream movements can result in large aggregations of H. amphibius . However, despite these aggregations, the density of H. amphibius in river pools did not in ﬂ uence the number of B. anthracis -induced mortalities. Moreover, infection by B. anthracis did not appear to in ﬂ uence H. amphibius movement behaviors, which suggests that infected individuals can vector B. anthracis over large distances right up until their death. Finally, we show that contact rates between H. amphibius- and B. anthracis- infected river pools are highly variable and the frequency and duration of contacts could potentially increase the probability of mortality. While dif ﬁ cult to obtain, the quantitative insights that we gathered during a real-time anthrax outbreak are critical to better understand, predict, and manage future outbreaks.
Assessing quantitative modelling practices, metamodelling, and capability confidence of biology undergraduate students

ABSTRACT Quantitative modelling plays an important role as biology increasingly deals with big data sets, relies on modelling to understand system dynamics, makes predictions about impacts of changes, and revises our understanding of system interactions. An assessment of quantitative modelling in biology was administered to students (n = 612) in undergraduate biology courses at two universities to provide a picture of student ability in quantitative reasoning within biology and to determine how capable those students felt about this ability. A Rasch analysis was used to construct linear measures and provide validity evidence for the assessment and to examine item statistics on the same scale as student ability measures. Students overall had greater ability in quantitative literacy than in quantitative interpretation of models or modelling. There was no effect of class standing (Freshmen, Sophomore, etc.) on student performance. The assessment showed that students who participated felt confidence in their ability to quantitatively model biological phenomena, even while their performance on ability questions were low. Collectively modelling practices were correlated with students’ metamodelling knowledge and not correlated with students’ modelling capability confidence. Biology instructors who incorporate the process of modelling into their courses may see improved abilities of students to perform on quantitative modelling tasks.
API Call-Based Malware Classification Using Recurrent Neural Networks

Malicious software, called malware, can perform harmful actions on computer systems, which may cause economic damage and information leakage. Therefore, malware classification is meaningful and required to prevent malware attacks. Application programming interface (API) call sequences are easily observed and are good choices as features for malware classification. However, one of the main issues is how to generate a suitable feature for the algorithms of classification to achieve a high classification accuracy. Different malware sample brings API call sequence with different lengths, and these lengths may reach millions, which may cause computation cost and time complexities. Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) is one of the most versatile approaches to process time series data, which can be used to API call-based Malware calssification. In this paper, we propose a malware classification model with RNN, especially the long short-term memory (LSTM) and the gated recurrent unit (GRU), to classify variants of malware by using long-sequences of API calls. In numerical experiments, a benchmark dataset is used to illustrate the proposed approach and validate its accuracy. The numerical results show that the proposed RNN model works well on the malware classification.
Computational Drug Repurposing Resources and Approaches for Discovering Novel Antifungal Drugs against Candida albicans N-Myristoyl Transferase

Candida albicans is a yeast that is an opportunistic fungal pathogen and also identified as ubiquitous polymorphic species that is mainly linked with major fungal infections in humans, particularly in the immunocompromised patients including transplant recipients, chemotherapy patients, HIV-infected patients as well as in low-birth-weight infants. Systemic Candida infections have a high mortality rate of around 29 to 76%. For reducing its infection, limited drugs are existing such as caspofungin, fluconazole, terbinafine, and amphotericin B, etc. which contain unlikable side effects and also toxic. This review intends to utilize advanced bioinformatics technologies such as Molecular docking, Scaffold hopping, Virtual screening, Pharmacophore modeling, Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation for the development of potentially new drug candidates with a drug-repurpose approach against Candida albicans within a limited time frame and also cost reductive.
Effect of Joule Heating on Cell Viability and Device Reliability

The application of electrode-based microfluidic devices in biological entity often imposes a problem due to joule heating. The strong applied potentials or micro channels having narrow cross sections generate undesirable temperature inside the microfluidic channels leading to strong thermal distribution inside the micro channel. When intrinsic distribution of temperature, if not fix with threshold value, causes device damage or cell loss. In this work, we investigate the effects of temperature generated due to joules heating effects and we attempt to address the design constraints for minimizing the joule heating effects in the microfluidic device for developing effective microfluidic device. The device reliability was analyzed under different parametric constraints for various types of substrate materials (PDMS, PMMA, Polyimide and glass). We also attempt to investigate the effects of cell reliability due to strong temperature gradients generated through different applied potentials on different cell types. Furthermore, the response of the device performance due to different electrode configuration and different conductivity of the medium was also studied. Our investigation will eventually provide guidelines for microfluidic researchers to fabricate efficient electrode based microfluidic device which will ultimately help to choose a critical channel dimensions, threshold potentials, and conductivity of solutions in order to avoid device damage and cell loss.
Zones of mathematical play

ABSTRACT Most research on mathematical play and learning is focused on early childhood. This study examines how mathematical play and learning manifest in older children in a mathematical videogame designed by the first author, Rolly’s Adventure. We examined how players experienced mathematical play as they played Rolly’s Adventure, with a particular focus on failure paired with feedback. We used video and audio recordings of the players and their bodies, and screen capture of their gameplay. Spoken language, physical gestures, and digital actions were our primary sources of identifying, understanding, and triangulating mathematical play. We found that players pass through five zones of mathematical play that build upon each other and closely interrelate, and that these zones each involve different types of failure, feedback, and learning experiences. This paper provides a productive definition of mathematical play, introduces a framework that describes players’ mathematical play experiences, and presents five design principles that can be leveraged to support mathematical play.
Productivity and Biomass Properties of Poplar Clones Managed in Short-Rotation Culture as a Potential Fuelwood Source in Georgia

Georgian forests are very valuable natural resources, but due to the lack of affordable alternatives to firewood, people are forced to use forest resources illegally and unsustainably. The aim of this study was to determine the productivity and biomass properties of four poplar clones from Aigeiros and Tacamahaca and one control clone, considering their wood and bark characteristics and their proportion in the stems. Short-rotation woody crops with these clones represent a potential source of commercial fuelwood production in Georgia as an alternative to natural forests. These tree characteristics were evaluated after three years of growth. The survival of the clones was generally high. No significant differences in biomass production (dry matter, DM) were found among the four clones tested (DM of approximately 4 Mg ha−1 yr−1), while the control clone achieved significantly lower values for DM. The biomass specific density was exceptionally high, at 481–588 kg m−3, which was a result of the high proportion of bark mass in the stem (23.3–37.7%), with a density almost twice that of wood. On the other hand, the tested clones had a very high ash content in the biomass (2.6–4.5%), which negatively affected their energy potential expressed as a lower heating value (17,642–17,849 J g−1). Our preliminary results indicated that both the quantity and quality of biomass are important factors to justify the investment in an intensive poplar culture. The four clones should be further considered for commercial biomass production and tested at different sites in Georgia to evaluate the genotype-by-environment interactions and identify the site conditions required to justify such an investment.
Neurovascular evidence for a co-occurrence of teeth and baleen in an Oligocene mysticete and the transition to filter-feeding in baleen whales

Extant baleen whales (Mysticeti) have a deciduous foetal dentition, but are edentulous at birth. Fossils reveal that the earliest mysticetes possessed an adult dentition. Aetiocetids, a diverse clade of Oligocene toothed mysticetes, have a series of small palatal foramina and associated sulci medial to the postcanine dentition. The openings have been homologized with lateral palatal foramina that transmit neurovascular structures to baleen in extant mysticetes, thereby implying a co-occurrence of teeth and baleen in aetiocetids. However, homology of the foramina and sulci have been questioned. Using CT-imaging, we report that the lateral palatal foramina of Aetiocetus weltoni are connected internally to the superior alveolar canal, which transmits neurovascular structures to baleen in extant mysticetes and to teeth in extant odontocetes. Furthermore, the lateral palatal foramina of Aetiocetus are separate from the more medially positioned canals for the greater palatine arterial system. These results provide critical evidence to support the hypothesis that the superior alveolar neurovasculature was co-opted in aetiocetids and later diverging mysticetes to serve a new function associated with baleen. We evaluate competing hypotheses for the transition from teeth to baleen, and explore the transition from raptorial feeding in early mysticetes to filter-feeding in extant species.
Inclusive education among pre-service teachers from Nigeria and South Africa: A comparative cross-sectional study

Abstract This study examined the knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of inclusive education of pre-service teachers in Nigeria and South Africa by surveying 217 Nigerian and 266 South African pre-service teachers using a cross-sectional survey research design. A self-developed questionnaire was used for the data collection. The questionnaire was pilot-tested among pre-service teachers from a public university in Tanzania. Data were descriptively and inferentially analysed (means and standard deviations) using a 2 × 3 factorial multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). The study found a significant interaction between country and gender, with a significant main effect for gender as well as for country. The results indicated a significant MANOVA and a follow-up analysis of the variance test showed a statistically significant difference in the knowledge of pre-service teachers about inclusive education in terms of gender with female pre-service teachers having the highest mean score. The study also indicated a significant difference in the attitudes of pre-service teachers towards inclusive education in terms of their country, with Nigeria having a higher score than South Africa. The implications of a socially just society are discussed.
Age Dependent Analysis of Colon Cancer Tumours Using Mathematical and Statistical Modelling

Colon cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death in men and women combined in the United States. In this work, we performed mathematical and statistical modelling of Tumour sizes as a function of age for four different races. Mathematically, based on the behaviour of the data for each race, we partitioned ages of subjects into several intervals. The mathematical function that characterizes the size of the Tumour as a function of age was determined for each age interval. Statistically, using quantile regression, we designed models that are more robust at specific quantiles using Tumour size and age as dependent and predictor variables.
The Impact of Language Attitude on the use of Swear Words: A Sociolinguistic Study of Pashtu Non-native Speakers of English

Swear words make an important aspect of any language despite their taboo nature. Taking this feature of language into account, this paper investigates how the language attitude of Pashtu non-native speakers of English towards Pashtu and English languages might impact the use of swear words in these languages in different situations. Data from30 male undergraduate university students were collected through semi-structured interviews. The analysis revealed that Pashtu non-native speakers of English had a positive attitude towards English and Pashtu languages owing to instrumental and integrative motivation, respectively. Swearing in Pashtu and English was shown to be determined by the speakers’ perceptions of the degree of offensiveness of swear words in the languages, social status of the users of the language in the society, and the setting and context in which those words were used. It was concluded that the positive attitude of Pashtu non-native speakers towards English and Pashtu resulted in their swearing-in English and Pashtu for different reasons: swearing-in English was controlled by the high status of the language in the society, whereas swearing-in Pashtu was used as a marker of solidarity and covert prestige.
Screening For Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus In Adult Population In Beni-Suef Governorate

The objective of the current study is to investigate the prevalence of undiagnosed dysglycemia and the risk for type 2 diabetes using the FINDRISC questionnaire in adult population in Beni-Suef Governorate. 500 subjects who are aged above 20 years and who are not known diabetics, who are not known on steroids and hormonal therapy and have not renal impairment. More than half of the studied population (52.8%) had low to moderate risk to developing type 2 DM, with no statistically significant difference between males and females regarding the total FINDRISC score. Total FINDRISC score was moderately positive correlated with patient’s age in years with a person correlation coefficient 0.648 and p-value <0.001. Total FINDRISC score was moderately positive correlated with patient’s BMI with a person correlation coefficient 0.648 and p-value <0.001. Total FINDRISC score was strongly positive correlated with blood glucose tests (FBS, 2hPP and Hb A1C) with a person correlation coefficient >0.7 and p-value <0.001.
Hedging stock market prices with WTI, Gold, VIX and cryptocurrencies: a comparison between DCC, ADCC and GO-GARCH models

PurposeIn a first place, the present paper is designed to examine the dynamic correlations persistent between five cryptocurrencies, WTI, Gold, VIX and four stock markets (SP500, FTSE, NIKKEI and MSCIEM). In a second place, it investigates the relevant optimal hedging strategy.Design/methodology/approachEmpirically, the authors examine how WTI, Gold, VIX and five cryptocurrencies can be applicable to hedge the four stock markets. Three variants of multivariate GARCH models (DCC, ADCC and GO-GARCH) are implemented to estimate dynamic optimal hedge ratios.FindingsThe reached findings prove that both of the Bitcoin and Gold turn out to display remarkable hedging commodity features, while the other assets appear to demonstrate a rather noticeable disposition to act as diversifiers. Moreover, the results show that the VIX turns out to stand as the most effectively appropriate instrument, fit for hedging the stock market indices various related refits. Furthermore, the results prove that the hedging strategy instrument was indifferent for FTSE and NIKKEI stock while for the American and emerging markets, the hedging strategy was reversed from the pre-cryptocurrency crash to the during cryptocurrency crash period.Originality/valueThe first paper's empirical contribution lies in analyzing emerging cross-hedge ratios with financial assets and compare hedging effectiveness within the period of crash and the period before Bitcoin crash as well as the sensitivity of results to refits choose to compare between short term hedging strategy and long-term one.
Modernização da agropecuária dos municípios do Estado do Ceará

The process of modernization of agriculture of Ceará occurred slowly, not uniform and accompanied the fight against rural poverty. The objective of this research was to analyze the intensity of the agricultural modernization for the municipalities in the State of Ceará through the construction of an Agricultural Modernization Index – AMI. For this purpose, statistical techniques of multivariate analysis were used. The data used were taken from the 2017 Agricultural Census of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics – IBGE. The results show a contrast of the technological level used in agriculture in the different municipalities of Ceará. It was found that, the average of the IMA for the municipalities of Ceará was low and more than half of them are below the average and that only five municipalities of the total of 164 analyzed presented levels of modernization in agriculture good. Thus, the state of Ceará should invest more in public policies for technical assistance, increased financing and the use of machinery and equipment.
Tcs evolution of CICC during Testing

139 conductors were manufactured for the magnetic system of the ITER toroidal field coils in total by 6 different teams based on 5 different suppliers of Nb3Sn wires. Despite the fact that all conductors and superconducting wires were manufactured according to the same criteria, there were some differences in the manufacturing technologies of the components themselves, and in the result of the acceptance tests. Samples of some of the conductors passed acceptance tests, where the dependence of Tcs on the number of cycles of inputting the operating current into the samples when they were in a magnetic field was determined. The results of these tests showed that there are not only quantitative, but also qualitative differences in the Tcs (N) dependence. These differences are also observed within the same supplier. It would be useful to understand which parameters most strongly contribute to Tcs (N) in order to possibly improve this characteristic. For this purpose, the article provides a statistical analysis of the test results of 49 samples of conductors. The results are being discussed.