Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Late Cenozoic geomorphic and tectonic evolution of the Patagonian Andes between latitudes 42°S and 46°S: An appraisal based on fission-track results from the transpressional intra-arc Liquiñe-Ofqui fault zone

Fission-track (FT) thermochronology has been applied to investigate the low-temperature cooling and denudation history of the Patagonian Andes along the southern part of the intra-arc transpressional Liquine-Ofqui fault zone between 42° and 46°S. The Liquine-Ofqui fault is shown to have been the focus of enhanced cooling and denudation initiated between ca. 16 and 10 Ma. Several fault blocks with different cooling histories are identified; these are separated by major oblique- or reverse-slip faults proposed to form the eastern part of a major (crustal-scale) dextral transpression zone. Local very fast rates of cooling and denudation between ca. 7 and 2 Ma were coeval with collision of the Chile Rise (an active mid-oceanic ridge) with the Peru-Chile Trench between ∼47° and 48°S. This location is close to the southern termination of the Liquine-Ofqui fault, implying that the collision of the ridge was a major force driving late Cenozoic transpression. The lack of significant cooling and denudation before ca. 16 Ma is indicative of pure strike-slip or transtensional movement along the Liquine-Ofqui fault before the collision of the ridge. Digital landscape analysis supports glacial and periglacial erosion as the main contributor to denudation since ca. 7 Ma, leading to restriction of topographic development. The combination of transpression-induced rock uplift and glacial erosion is shown to be very effective at causing localized denudation. Anomalously young FT ages along the Liquine-Ofqui fault are attributed to the existence of a late Cenozoic localized heat-flow anomaly along the fault.
NERPII: A Python Library to Perform Named Entity Recognition and Generate Personal Identifiable Information (short paper)

Nowadays, the convergence of Artificial Intelligence and data privacy is of crucial importance. This paper introduces NERPII, a Python library utilizing Named Entity Recognition (NER) and synthetic data generation to identify and protect Personal Identifiable Information (PII). We discuss the architecture of NERPII and provide a concise tutorial on its application, demonstrating how to extract entity information from datasets containing personal data and synthesize new PII while preserving data characteristics. Additionally, the study discusses the library’s potential contributions and implications for future research. In conclusion, NERPII emerges as a practical tool for addressing ethical concerns related to data privacy in the AI domain.
Multidecadal Modulation of ENSO Teleconnection with Europe in Late Winter: Analysis of CMIP5 Models

AbstractMany studies point to a robust ENSO signature on the North Atlantic–European (NAE) sector associated with a downstream effect of Rossby wave trains. Some of these works also address a nonstationary behavior of the aforementioned link, but only few have explored the possible modulating factors. In this study the internal causes within the ocean–atmosphere coupled system influencing the tropospheric ENSO–Euro-Mediterranean rainfall teleconnection have been analyzed. To this aim, unforced long-term preindustrial control simulations from 18 different CMIP5 models have been used. A nonstationary impact of ENSO on Euro-Mediterranean rainfall, being spatially consistent with the observational one, is found. This variable feature is explained by a changing ENSO-related Rossby wave propagation from the tropical Pacific to the NAE sector, which, in turn, is modulated by multidecadal variability of the climatological jet streams associated with the underlying sea surface temperature (SST). The results, there.
Optimal Strategy to Mitigate the Effect of Fast Charging Electric Tram in Power Distribution

Nowadays, electric vehicles (EVs) include electric tram becomes more popular with high promotion from the government. The advantage of EVs is no produces the pollution and environmentally friendly compared with the internal combustion engines. The fast charging EVs as the load of the power distribution system, the large-sized fast charging can bring an effect on the power distribution system. The energy storage systems (ESS) can operate as a generator to balance the power and reduce power load fluctuation. In this paper, the effect to public electric transportation tram fast charging in the power distribution system was studied by a focus on voltage profile and power loss. Optimal strategy of ESS for reducing the peak demand on the power distribution system and reactive power optimization for improving power quality was proposed. By the obtained results with ESS and reactive power, the efficiency and power quality of the power distribution system was enhanced. Keywords—fast charging; optimal reactive power; energy management; peak shifting
The barriers to realising sustainable process improvement: A root cause analysis of paradigms for manufacturing systems improvement

To become world-class, manufacturing organisations employ an array of tools and methods to realise process improvement. However, many of these fail to meet expectations and/or bring about new less well understood problems. Hence, prior to developing further tools and methods it is first necessary to understand the reasons why such initiatives fail. This paper seeks to elicit the root causes of failed implementations and consider how these may be overcome. The paper begins by reviewing various paradigms for manufacturing systems improvement including design/redesign-, maintenance-, operator-, process-, product- and quality-led initiatives. In addition to examining the knowledge requirements of these approaches, the barriers to realising improvement are examined through consideration and review of literature from the fields of manufacturing, management and information systems. These fields are selected because of the considerable work that deals with process improvement, change management, information systems implementation and production systems. The review reveals the importance of fundamental understanding and highlights the lack of current methods for generating such understanding. To address this issue, the concept of machine-material interaction is introduced and a set of requirements for a supportive methodology to generate the fundamental understanding necessary to realise sustainable process improvement is developed.
Poly(norepinephrine)-coated FeOOH nanoparticles as carriers of artemisinin for cancer photothermal-chemical combination therapy

The photothermal-chemical combination therapy is a promising approach for cancer treatment, however, chemotherapy often causes severe toxic and side effects on normal tissues. Herein, tumor-specific FeOOH@PNE-Art nanoparticles were fabricated via coating poly(norepinephrine) (PNE) on FeOOH nanoparticles, followed by loading of artemisinin (Art). The as-prepared nanoparticles exhibited excellent biocompatibility, strong near-infrared (NIR) absorbance and pH-responsive synchronous release of Art and iron ions. The released iron ions could not only supply iron ions in cancer cells which mediate endoperoxide bridge cleavage of Art and generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), but also react with H2O2 at tumour sites via the Fenton reaction and produce hydroxyl radicals, inducing a tumour-specific killing. Moreover, owing to the synchronous release of Art and iron ions as well as the low leakage of iron ions, FeOOH@PNE-Art nanoparticles showed extremely low toxicity to normal tissue. Under NIR light irradiation, the tumours in FeOOH@PNE-Art injected mice were thoroughly eliminated after 7 days of treatment and no tumour recurrence was found 30 days after treatment, manifesting very high efficacy of combination therapy.
Advanced Stochastic Processes

5.1. Historical notes • 1765 Jan Ingenhousz observations of carbon dust in alcohol. • 1828 Robert Brown observed that ”pollen grains suspended in water perform a continual swarming motion”. • 1900 Bachelier’s work ”The theory of speculation” on using Brownian motion to model stock prices. • 1905 Einstein and Smoluchovski. Physical interpretation of Brownian motion. • 1920’s Wiener concise mathematical description.
Effects of riboﬂavin supplementation level on health, performance, and fertility of organic broiler parent stock and their chicks

Data from breeder hens and chicks are particularly critical for the development of vitamin B2 recommendations for organic poultry. To test safe thresholds of supplementation, 100 breeder hens (Hubbard JA 57 K) and ten cockerels were allocated to ten housing groups, with each receiving supplementation of either 4.0 (treatment CON ) or 2.5 mg (treatment RED ) riboﬂavin per kg feed. After 15 weeks of experimental feeding, 256 eggs were incubated. From the hatched chicks (Hubbard S757), 192 were allocated to four treatments based on their parents’ treatment (CON-or RED-) and on their own supplementation of either 4.0 (-CON) or 2.5 mg (-RED) riboﬂavin per kg feed. Two groups of each combination (CON-CON, CON-RED, RED-CON, RED-RED), each with 24 chicks of both sexes, were fattened for nine weeks and slaughtered. Analysis of total riboﬂavin (sum of native concentrations and supplements) in the parent’s feeds revealed an average, over the 15 weeks, of 7.8 and 5.8 mg per kg feed for CON and RED, respectively. Body weight, plumage integrity, gait appearance, footpad, claw and keel bone integrity, lesion scores, laying performance, and egg mass were found to be of similarly high levels for all hens without
East Asian presummer precipitation in the CMIP5 at high versus low horizontal resolution

Inevitable drawbacks occur when the Asian monsoon is simulated at a horizontal resolution that is too low to resolve topographic effects and sub‐grid processes. By comparing the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP) phase 5 simulations conducted at higher (∼1°) and lower (∼3°) horizontal resolutions, this study attempted to extend understanding of potential resolution limits in simulating the East Asian presummer climate. April–May is found to have considerable resolution‐dependent contrasts in position and strength of precipitation (spring rains and pre–Meiyu) among the simulations. The low‐resolution models cannot simulate ascending vertical motion over the mountainous regions in the southern Tibetan Plateau and subtropical East Asia, which coincides with the overestimation of the strength of the lower‐tropospheric westerly in 90°–105°E and of the downstream southerly in 110°–130°E. Because of the southerly wind bias, the East Asian presummer precipitation simulated in the low‐resolution models is lower in amount and located farther north compared with the observed and high‐resolution models. Despite distinct large‐scale climatology between April and late May, the East Asian precipitation contrasts in these two periods are similar between the high‐ and low‐resolution models, which could be possibly explained as a systematic response to resolution. Systematically less precipitation in the high‐resolution model compared with the low‐resolution model is also observable over the Maritime Continent, whereas a further connection to the East Asian precipitation simulation remains unclear. Regarding projected changes, the resolution‐dependent contrasts are also considerable; the contrasts further suggest potential regional interactions such as between the subtropical South and East Asia (10°–20°N).
A deep learning approach for detecting candidates of supernova remnants

Detecting supernova remnant (SNR) candidates in the interstellar medium is a challenging task because SNRs have weak radio signals and irregular shapes. The use of a convolutional neural network is a deep learning method that can help us extract various features from images. To extract SNRs from astronomical images and estimate the positions of SNR candidates, we design the SNR-Net model composed of a training component and a detection component. In addition, transfer learning is used to initialize the network parameters, which improves the speed and accuracy of network training. We apply a T-T plot (of the different brightness temperatures of map pixels at two different frequencies) to calculate the spectral index of SNR candidates. To accelerate the scientific computing process, we take advantage of innovative hardware architecture, such as deep learning optimized graphics processing units, which increases the speed of computation by a factor of 5. A case study suggests that SNR-Net may be applicable to detecting extended sources in the images automatically.
Engineering Single Pan-Speci ﬁ c Ubiquibodies for Targeted Degradation of All Forms of Endogenous ERK Protein Kinase

: Ubiquibodies (uAbs) are a customizable proteome editing technology that utilizes E3 ubiquitin ligases genetically fused to synthetic binding proteins to steer otherwise stable proteins of interest (POIs) to the 26S proteasome for degradation. The ability of engineered uAbs to accelerate the turnover of exogenous or endogenous POIs in a post-translational manner o ﬀ ers a simple yet robust tool for dissecting diverse functional properties of cellular proteins as well as for expanding the druggable proteome to include tumorigenic protein families that have yet-to-be successfully drugged by conventional inhibitors. Here, we describe the engineering of uAbs composed of human carboxyl-terminus of Hsc70-interacting protein (CHIP), a highly modular human E3 ubiquitin ligase, tethered to di ﬀ erently designed ankyrin repeat proteins (DARPins) that bind to nonphosphorylated (inactive) and/ or doubly phosphorylated (active) forms of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2). Two of the resulting uAbs were found to be global ERK degraders, pan-speci ﬁ cally capturing all endogenous ERK1/2 protein forms and redirecting them to the proteasome for degradation in di ﬀ erent cell lines, including MCF7 breast cancer cells. Taken together, these results demonstrate how the substrate speci ﬁ city of an E3 ubiquitin ligase can be reprogrammed to generate designer uAbs against di ﬃ cult-to-drug targets, enabling a modular platform for remodeling the mammalian proteome
Log-Exponential Reservoir Operating Rules for Global And Regional Hydrological Modeling

Basic features: – Physically based 2-layers hydrological model with daily time step; – Several approaches for evapotranspiration evaluation; – Transport of surface runoff downstream using simulated river network (STN) and (1) Linear Reservoir or (2) Muskingum-Cunge flow routing model; – Tracking of water components by origin, use, and chemistry; – Human disturbances: irrigation, reservoir regulation, inter-basin water transfer. Flow routing model Qt+1 = C0It+1 + C1It + C2Qt Coefficients C0, C1, C2, = f(River Geometry) Q = river discharge from grid cell I = locally generated inflow to river (less irrigation)
Relating electrical resistivity to permeability using resistor networks

We use resistor network models to explore the relationship between electrical resistivity and permeability in fractures filled with an electrically conductive fluid. The fracture aperture distribution is determined by generating fracture surface pairs that are constructed based on characteristics measured on rock samples. We use these to generate and solve resistor networks with variable hydraulic and electrical resistance. The aperture is incrementally increased, to analyse the changes in both properties as a fault is opened. At small apertures, electrical conductivity and permeability increase moderately with aperture until the fault reaches its percolation threshold. Above this point, the permeability increases by four orders of magnitude over a change in mean aperture of less than 0.1 mm, while the resistivity decreases by up to a factor of 10. The permeability increases at a greater rate than the conductivity, and therefore the percolation threshold can be defined in terms of the matrix to fracture resistivity ratio, M. The value of M at the percolation threshold, MPT, varies with the ratio of rock to fluid resistivity, the fault spacing, and the fault offset but is always less than 10. GreaterM values are associated with fractures above their percolation threshold and therefore open for fluid flow.
Fault Model for the 2015 Leucas (Aegean Arc) Earthquake: Analysis Based on Seismological and Geodetic Observations

The 17 November 2015 M w 6.6 earthquake in Leucas (Leukas, Lefkas, or Lefkada) Island in the Ionian Sea, western Aegean arc, was modeled using teleseismic long‐period P and SH waveforms and Global Positioning System (GPS) slip vectors. Detailed fault modeling in this region, characterized by intense seismicity and deformation rates, usually assigned to the Cephalonia Transform fault, is a challenge because of the unfavorable observation system. To overcome this problem, we independently analyzed seismological and geodetic data and then jointly evaluated the results. The adopted model indicates that the 2015 earthquake can be assigned to a shallow strike‐slip fault, with a minor component of thrusting, along the southwest coasts of Leucas and with relatively high slip for the area. Additionally, mostly low‐angle fault solutions satisfying geodetic observations were identified but were not further investigated. The preferred fault model permits recognition that recent M w>6.0 earthquakes in the area, some marked by extreme peak ground accelerations, are associated with a string of strike slip (or oblique slip), occasionally overlapping fault segments with variable characteristics, along or close to the west coasts of Leucas and Cephalonia (Keffalinia, Kefalonia) Islands, whereas the catastrophic 1953 M w 7.2 Cephalonia and other previous major earthquakes were associated with thrust faulting. [Electronic Supplement:][1] Table of the Global Positioning System (GPS)‐derived displacements and figures of P ‐wave first‐motion polarities, comparison of earthquake source parameters, GPS time series, 2D projections of geodetic solutions, the variance–covariance matrix of the geodetic solution, and the geodetic variable slip model. [1]: http://www.bssaonline. org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.1785/0120160080/-/DC1
Dynamics of political information transmission: How media coverage informs public judgments about politics

Representative democracy requires that citizens express informed political opinions. To do so, they must not only have access to relevant factual information and absorb what they need to know, but also use the acquired facts to update opinions accordingly. However, it remains unclear if citizens make “informed updates” of political judgments when relevant facts are available to them in a real-world media environment. Drawing on data from a two-wave panel survey and media content analysis, this article examines if exposure to facts about elite performance in the media alters judgments about such performance by way of inducing perfor-mance-relevant information. It also examines how this indirect exposure effect differs for people with different levels of motivation and sophistication for processing new political information. We find that relevant information encounters do not only induce learning, but can indirectly also change associated judgments as people use what they learn from exposure to revise these judgments. But our results also reveal how such impact of exposure is conditioned by personal characteristics: it is pronounced only among moderately sophisticated individuals with above-average motivation.
Loyola eCommons Loyola eCommons

: Bacterial genomes often reflect a bias in the usage of codons. These biases are often most notable within highly expressed genes. While deviations in codon usage can be attributed to selection or mutational biases, they can also be functional, for example controlling gene expression or guiding protein structure. Several different metrics have been developed to identify biases in codon usage. Previously we released a database, CBDB: The Codon Bias Database, in which users could retrieve pre-calculated codon bias data for bacterial RefSeq genomes. With the increase of bacterial genome sequence data since its release a new tool was needed. Here we present the Dynamic Codon Biaser (DCB) tool, a web application that dynamically calculates the codon usage bias statistics of prokaryotic genomes. DCB bases these calculations on 40 different highly expressed genes (HEGs) that are highly conserved across different prokaryotic species. A user can either specify an NCBI accession number or upload their own sequence. DCB returns both the bias statistics and the genome’s HEG sequences. These calculations have several downstream applications, such as evolutionary studies and phage–host predictions. The source code is freely available, and the website is hosted at www. cbdb. info.
What’s new in the management of adult bronchiectasis? [version 1; peer review: 2 approved]

Bronchiectasis is a heterogeneous, chronic condition with many aetiologies. It poses a significant burden on patients and healthcare practitioners and services. Clinical exacerbations often result in reduced quality of life, increased rate of lung function decline, increased hospitalisation, and mortality. Recent focus in respiratory research, guidelines, and future management options has improved this clinical field in evidence-based practice, but further work and phase III clinical trials are required. This article aims to summarise and explore advances in management strategies in recent years and highlight areas of research and future focus.
Systematic Review Metabolic beneﬁts of dietary prebiotics in human subjects: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials

Complex relationships exist between the gut microﬂora and their human hosts. Emerging evidence suggests that bacterial dysbiosis within the colon may be involved in the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and CVD. The use of dietary prebiotic supplements to restore an optimal balance of intestinal ﬂora may positively affect host metabolism, representing a potential treatment strategy for individuals with cardiometabolic disorders. The present review aimed to examine the current evidence supporting that dietary prebiotic supplementation in adults has beneﬁcial effects on biochemical parameters associated with the development of metabolic abnormalities including obesity, glucose intolerance, dyslipidaemia, hepatic steatosis and low-grade chronic inﬂammation. Between January 2000 and September 2013, eight computer databases were searched for randomised controlled trials published in English. Human trials were included if at least one group received a dietary prebiotic intervention. In the present review, twenty-six randomised controlled trials involving 831 participants were included. Evidence indicated that dietary prebiotic supplementation increased self-reported feelings of satiety in healthy adults (standardised mean difference 2 0·57, 95% CI 2 1·13, 2 0·01). Prebiotic supplementation also signiﬁcantly reduced postprandial glucose ( 2 0·76, 95% CI 2 1·41, 2 0·12) and insulin ( 2 0·77, 95% CI 2 1·50, 2 0·04) concentrations.
Indigenous political communication in the Nordic countries

A study of political communication will not be complete without taking into account the differences in experiences regarding the lack of recognition and experiences of oppression between indigenous citizens and citizens belonging to the ethnic majority. This chapter reviews the status of Nordic indigenous political communication and compares political institutions, actors, and conditions. Most attention is paid to Sámi political and media institutions in Norway and Sweden, as we have most data available from these settings, although some examples from Finland and Greenland are included, too. The overview shows similarities resulting from colonisation and assimilation, but also major differences between the main institutions, Sámi parliaments, party systems, and media institutions owing to different state policies. In conclusion, we point to the challenges for research on indigenous political communication in the Nordic countries.