Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Does Awareness of Malaysian Healthy Plate Associate with Adequate Fruit and Vegetable Intake among Malaysian Adults with Non-Communicable Diseases?

The healthy eating plate concept has been introduced in many countries, including Malaysia, as a visual guide for the public to eat healthily. The relationship between Malaysian Healthy Plate (MHP) and adequate fruit and vegetable (FV) intake among morbid Malaysian adults is unknown. Hence, we investigated the relationship between awareness of the MHP and FV intake among morbid Malaysian adults. National survey data on 9760 morbid Malaysian adults aged 18 years and above were analyzed. The relationship between awareness of MHP and FV intake among Malaysian adults with obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia were determined using multivariable logistic regression controlling for sociodemographic characteristics and lifestyle risk factors. Our data demonstrated that MHP awareness is associated with adequate FV intake among the Malaysian adults with abdominal obesity (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 1.86, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.05–3.29), diabetes mellitus (aOR: 4.88, 95% CI: 2.13–22.18), hypertension (aOR: 4.39, 95% CI: 1.96–9.83), and hypercholesterolemia (aOR: 4.16, 95% CI: 1.48–11.72). Our findings indicated the necessity for ongoing efforts by policymakers, healthcare professionals, and nutrition educators to promote the concept of MHP and ensure that morbid Malaysian adults consume a sufficient intake of FV or adopt a healthy eating pattern to achieve and maintain optimal health.
Field observations in epigean and cave populations of the mexican characid Astyanax mexicanus (Pisces, Characidae)

Etude menee de fev. a mars 1982 au cours de la saison seche dans divers habitats naturels. Les poissons vivent habituellement en bancs dans les rivieres. Le comportement territorial n'existe que dans des cas speciaux dans les petits etangs. Dans les grottes, les poissons nagent en zigzag sans avoir de contact les uns avec les autres. Peu d'agressivite. La reaction aux aliments varie selon la population etudiee
A deep marked graph process model for citywide traffic congestion forecasting

Forecasting citywide traffic congestion on large road networks has long been a nontrivial research problem due to the challenge of modeling complex evolution patterns of congestion in highly stochastic traffic environments. Arguing that purely data‐driven methods may not perform well for congestion forecasting, we propose a deep marked graph process model for predicting the congestion indices and the occurrence time of traffic congestion events for complex signalized road networks. Traffic congestion is considered as a nonrigorous spatiotemporal extreme event. We extend the traditional point process model by integrating a specially designed spatiotemporal graph convolutional network. This hybrid strategy takes advantage of the simple form of the point process model as well as the ability of graph neural networks to emulate the evolution of congestion. Experiments on real‐world congestion data sets show that the proposed method outperforms state‐of‐the‐art baseline methods, yielding satisfactory prediction results on a large signalized road network with superior computational efficiency.
Optimointi, polarisaatio, periferisointi: Itä- ja Pohjois-Suomen maakuntien vaihtoehtoiset kehityspolut alueellisen oikeudenmukaisuuden kehyksessä

Vihreä talous, kasvu ja siirtymä erottautuvat kestävää kehitystä kuvaavista politiikkanarratiiveista. Politiikkaohjelmat, agendat ja strategiat pyrkivät suuntamaan kehitystä fossiili- ja muovitalouden jälkeiseen aikakauteen. Siirtymän tulisi lisäksi olla reilu ja oikeudenmukainen erilaisten ihmisten, yhteisöjen ja paikkojen näkökulmasta. Vihreän siirtymän mukaiset agendat ovat monin tavoin lupaavia suuntauksia Itä- ja Pohjois-Suomen kaltaisille alueille, joiden kehitys nojaa pitkälti luonnonvarojen kestävään käyttöön. Nämä Euroopan pohjoisen periferian maakunnat ovat kestävyysmurroksen eturintamassa olevia alueita niiden vahvan luonnonvarakytköksen vuoksi. Kestävyysmurroksen vaihtoehtoisia alueellisia kehityspolkuja tarkastellaan prosessisesti etenevien tutkimuskysymysten avulla: 1) millaisia vihreän siirtymän kehystämiä vaihtoehtoisia maakunnallisia kehityspolkuja kehittämistoimijoiden skenaarionarratiivit tuottavat, 2) miten erilaiset toiminnot sijoittuvat eri kehittämispoluilla ja 3) millaisena alueellinen oikeudenmukaisuus kuvautuu kehityspolkujen pohjalta tulkittuna? Artikkelin analyysi perustuu maakuntaliittojen sekä seutukunnallisten tai kunnallisten kehittämisorganisaatioiden edustajien haastatteluihin. Toivottu kehityspolku kuvautuu alueellisena optimointina, jolloin hyödyt näyttäytyvät maksimaalisina koko maakuntaa koskettavan aluekehityksen kannalta. Todennäköisin kehityspolku puolestaan kuvautuu alueellisena polarisaationa ja hyödyt pirstaleisemmin jakautuneilta. Epätoivottavin kehityspolku kuvautuu alueellisena periferisointina, jolloin höydyt näyttävät kohdistuvan erityisesti alueen ulkopuolelle tai maakuntakeskuksiin ja vastaavasti haitat maakuntien etäisempiin osiin. Alueellinen oikeudenmukaisuus koostuu monista eri elementeistä, joiden yhteisvaikutus tulisi ottaa huomioon alueellista oikeudenmukaisuutta arvioitaessa ja siihen vaikuttaessa.
APPLIED ECOLOGY Contrasting effects of bioenergy crops on biodiversity

Agriculture is driving biodiversity loss, and future bioenergy cropping systems have the potential to ameliorate or exacerbate these effects. Using a long-term experimental array of 10 bioenergy cropping systems, we quantified diversity of plants, invertebrates, vertebrates, and microbes in each crop. For many taxonomic groups, alternative annual cropping systems provided no biodiversity benefits when compared to corn (the business-as-usual bioenergy crop in the United States), and simple perennial grass – based systems provided only modest gains. In contrast, for most animal groups, richness in plant-diverse perennial systems was much higher than in annual crops or simple perennial systems. Microbial richness patterns were more eclectic, although some groups responded positively to plant diversity. Future agricultural landscapes incorporating plant-diverse perennial bioenergy cropping systems could be of high conservation value. However, increased use of annual crops will continue to have negative effects, and simple perennial grass systems may provide little improvement over annual crops.
Calibration-free quantitative phase imaging in multi-core fiber endoscopes using end-to-end deep learning

Quantitative phase imaging (QPI) through multi-core fibers (MCFs) has been an emerging in vivo label-free endoscopic imaging modality with minimal invasiveness. However, the computational demands of conventional iterative phase retrieval algorithms have limited their real-time imaging potential. We demonstrate a learning-based MCF phase imaging method that significantly reduced the phase reconstruction time to 5.5 ms, enabling video-rate imaging at 181 fps. Moreover, we introduce an innovative optical system that automatically generated the first, to the best of our knowledge, open-source dataset tailored for MCF phase imaging, comprising 50,176 paired speckles and phase images. Our trained deep neural network (DNN) demonstrates a robust phase reconstruction performance in experiments with a mean fidelity of up to 99.8%. Such an efficient fiber phase imaging approach can broaden the applications of QPI in hard-to-reach areas.
World Trade Center Exposure, DNA Methylation Changes, and Cancer: A Review of Current Evidence

Introduction: Known carcinogens in the dust and fumes from the destruction of the World Trade Center (WTC) towers on 9 November 2001 included metals, asbestos, and organic pollutants, which have been shown to modify epigenetic status. Epigenome-wide association analyses (EWAS) using uniform (Illumina) methodology have identified novel epigenetic profiles of WTC exposure. Methods: We reviewed all published data, comparing differentially methylated gene profiles identified in the prior EWAS studies of WTC exposure. This included DNA methylation changes in blood-derived DNA from cases of cancer-free “Survivors” and those with breast cancer, as well as tissue-derived DNA from “Responders” with prostate cancer. Emerging molecular pathways related to the observed DNA methylation changes in WTC-exposed groups were explored and summarized. Results: WTC dust exposure appears to be associated with DNA methylation changes across the genome. Notably, WTC dust exposure appears to be associated with increased global DNA methylation; direct dysregulation of cancer genes and pathways, including inflammation and immune system dysregulation; and endocrine system disruption, as well as disruption of cholesterol homeostasis and lipid metabolism. Conclusion: WTC dust exposure appears to be associated with biologically meaningful DNA methylation changes, with implications for carcinogenesis and development of other chronic diseases.
Does artificial intelligence enhance physician interpretation of optical coherence tomography: insights from eye tracking

Background and objectives The adoption of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is limited by need for real-time image interpretation expertise. Artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted Ultreon™ 2.0 software could address this barrier. We used eye tracking to understand how these software changes impact viewing efficiency and accuracy. Methods Eighteen interventional cardiologists and fellows at McMaster University, Canada, were included in the study and categorized as experienced or inexperienced based on lifetime OCT use. They were tasked with reviewing OCT images from both Ultreon™ 2.0 and AptiVue™ software platforms while their eye movements were recorded. Key metrics, such as time to first fixation on the area of interest, total task time, dwell time (time spent on the area of interest as a proportion of total task time), and interpretation accuracy, were evaluated using a mixed multivariate model. Results Physicians exhibited improved viewing efficiency with Ultreon™ 2.0, characterized by reduced time to first fixation (Ultreon™ 0.9 s vs. AptiVue™ 1.6 s, p = 0.007), reduced total task time (Ultreon™ 10.2 s vs. AptiVue™ 12.6 s, p = 0.006), and increased dwell time in the area of interest (Ultreon™ 58% vs. AptiVue™ 41%, p < 0.001). These effects were similar for experienced and inexperienced physicians. Accuracy of OCT image interpretation was preserved in both groups, with experienced physicians outperforming inexperienced physicians. Discussion Our study demonstrated that AI-enabled Ultreon™ 2.0 software can streamline the image interpretation process and improve viewing efficiency for both inexperienced and experienced physicians. Enhanced viewing efficiency implies reduced cognitive load potentially reducing the barriers for OCT adoption in PCI decision-making.
Threats to biodiversity in Chinese inland waters

This paper reviews the status of biodiversity in Chinese inland waters, and the threats this biodiversity now faces. The potential ecological impacts of the biodiversity loss on both the ecosystems and the future of mankind are also discussed. The main emphasis is on diversity at species level. Habitat loss, modification or fragmentation, introduction of exotic species, overfishing, destruction of aquatic macrophytes due to overstocking of plant-eating carps, inbreeding depression of "domestic" carps, and deterioration of ecological environments due to accelerated eutrophication, appear to be the most serious threats to the biodiversity of Chinese inland waters. Severe declines in species diversify of fish, coupled with inadequate knowledge of freshwater fauna, indicate that conservation of biological diversify in aquatic systems requires more attention in China.
Impact of Supply Chain Management on the Indian SME Operational Effectiveness

Supply Chain Management (SCM) operational effectiveness refers to the ability of an organization to efficiently and smoothly execute its supply chain processes to achieve its strategic goals. This involves streamlining processes, minimizing waste, and leveraging technology to enhance visibility and control across the entire supply chain network. The efficacy of a supply chain is a critical determinant of an organization's success and competitiveness in today's globalized business environment. When effectively managed, it can lead to numerous advantages, such as reduced costs through streamlined processes and minimized waste, improved customer satisfaction through timely and accurate deliveries, and enhanced responsiveness to market fluctuations. It also helps in optimizing inventory levels, reducing working capital requirements, and promoting sustainability by minimizing environmental impact. The study concluded that the efficacy of a supply chain is not just a cost-saving measure; it is a strategic asset that can drive growth, profitability, and long-term success for businesses in a highly interconnected and rapidly evolving world.
Catchment concentration–discharge relationships across temporal scales: A review

Processes that drive variability in catchment solute sourcing, transformation, and transport can be investigated using concentration–discharge (C–Q) relationships. These relationships reflect catchment and in‐stream processes operating across nested temporal scales, incorporating both short and long‐term patterns. Scientists can therefore leverage catchment‐scale C–Q datasets to identify and distinguish among the underlying meteorological, biological, and geological processes that drive solute export patterns from catchments and influence the shape of their respective C–Q relationships. We have synthesized current knowledge regarding the influence of biological, geological, and meteorological processes on C–Q patterns for various solute types across diel to decadal time scales. We identify cross‐scale linkages and tools researchers can use to explore these interactions across time scales. Finally, we identify knowledge gaps in our understanding of C–Q temporal dynamics as reflections of catchment and in‐stream processes. We also lay the foundation for developing an integrated approach to investigate cross‐scale linkages in the temporal dynamics of C–Q relationships, reflecting catchment biogeochemical processes and the effects of environmental change on water quality.This article is categorized under: Science of Water > Hydrological Processes Science of Water > Water Quality Science of Water > Water and Environmental Change
Theoretical Deliberation on the Precision Quantification of a Flexible Caliper Sensor for Oil and Gas Pipelines

Caliper pipeline inspection gauges (PIGs) are essential devices for ensuring the safe operation of oil and gas pipelines. However, traditional caliper PIGs cannot detect multiple pipe deformations at one time, and the equipment components are complex and cannot be reused. With the continuous improvement of detection performance requirements in practical application fields, there is an urgent need for a detector that can accurately quantify deformation along the pipeline with a simple structure. To this end, a new type of flexible caliper PIG with strain sensors embedded in polyurethane caliper disks was designed, which is less disturbed by the internal environment of the pipeline. In this article, the theoretical model of the flexible gauging disk for the quantification of deformation is first presented. Then, the whole process of the flexible gauging disk through the dent is simulated by a finite element method, and the theoretical analysis is carried out by the dynamic model. Moreover, a flexible caliper sensor motion test bench is established to verify the feasibility and rationality of the proposed flexible detection method. Four experiments are designed to explore the factors affecting the precision of flexible caliper sensors. The experimental results demonstrate that the flexible caliper sensor can effectively detect the deformation defects in the pipe. The thickness, outer diameter, and material hardness of the flexible gauging disk have no significant impact on the detection accuracy, and the detection error increases with increasing running speed. Overall, this research provided a theoretical basis for the development of intelligent and efficient pipeline deformation inspection system.
Efeito de um programa de educação ambiental: o caso da bituca de cigarro

Effect of an environmental education program: the case of cigarette butt. The purpose of this paper is to report the implementation of an environmental education program at Brasilia University related to cigarette evils done during the month of April 2013. The structure of the program addressed two strategies: (1) Providing conditions or smokers discard the butts properly; (2) Educate the target community of the dangers of smoking to the environment and to health. Obtained control indicators from the questionnaires, comparing the responses before and after the environmental education program through the Mann-Whitney nonparametric test, as well as, was analyzed the effectiveness of the program in different audiences, segmented by gender, age and smoking habits. Except for public non-smoking, the results indicated that the environmental education program positively changed the Recebido:
Effectiveness of biogas production from C3 (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) and C4 (Spartina pectinata L.) perennial grasses.

„Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering” 2016, Vol. 61(1) 44 Marta KUPRYŚ-CARUK1, 2, Rafał KOŁODZIEJSKI2 1 Instytut Biotechnologii Przemysłu Rolno-Spożywczego im. prof. Wacława Dąbrowskiego, Zakład Technologii Fermentacji ul. Rakowiecka 36, 02-532 Warszawa, Poland 2 Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie, Wydział Rolnictwa i Biologii, Katedra Fizjologii Roślin ul. Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warszawa, Poland e-mail: marta.kuprys@ibprs.pl
Deep Feature Representation for Face Sketch Recognition

A R T I C L E I N F O A B S T R A C T Article history: Received: 07 January, 2019 Accepted: 28 February, 2019 Online: 15 March, 2019 Face sketch recognition aims at matching face sketch images to face photo images. The main challenge lies in modality discrepancy between face photo and sketch images. In this work, we propose a new facial sketch-to-photo recognition approach by adopting VGGFace deep learning network, with which face images can be represented by compact and highly discriminative feature vectors. Different from existing VGG-Face based methods which directly match face sketches to photos, we firstly transform the gallery photos to sketches for decreasing the modality difference. Experimental results on multiple face photo-sketch datasets indicate the superiority of our method.
A Compact and Wideband MMIC-to-Ridge Gap Waveguide Contactless Transition for Phased Array Antenna Front Ends

A concept of a contactless in-line transition between a monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) and a ridge gap waveguide (RGW) is proposed and investigated at W-band. The transition employs an E-plane waveguide bifurcation obtained by mounting a GaAs MMIC on a supporting printed circuit board in the opening of an RGW top metal lid. Designed this way, multiple contactless transitions can be placed in a row with an electrically small spacing that makes the transition idea suitable for array antenna front ends. A transition equivalent circuit is constructed employing a single-mode transmission line model, which is verified through a full-wave simulation. An 85–105 GHz transition design is then developed and experimentally investigated in the back-to-back configuration indicating a 0.5–0.75 dB transition insertion loss. Finally, the performance of a 1-bit phase shifter MMIC, integrated into the RGW using two proposed transitions, is demonstrated.
Drought and Human Mobility in Africa

Human mobility from droughts is multifaceted and depends on environmental, political, social, demographic and economic factors. Although droughts cannot be considered as the single trigger, they significantly influence people's decision to move. Yet, the ways in which droughts influence patterns of human settlements have remained poorly understood. Here we explore the relationships between drought occurrences and changes in the spatial distribution of human settlements across 50 African countries for the period 1992–2013. For each country, we extract annual drought occurrences from two indicators, the international disaster database EM‐DAT and the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI‐12) records, and we evaluate human settlement patterns by considering urban population data and human distance to rivers, as derived from nighttime lights. We then compute human displacements as variations in human distribution between adjacent years, which are then associated with drought (or non‐drought) years. Our results show that drought occurrences across Africa are often associated with (other things being equal) human mobility toward rivers or cities. In particular, we found that human settlements tend to get closer to water bodies or urban areas during drought conditions, as compared to non‐drought periods, in 70%–81% of African countries. We interpret this tendency as a physical manifestation of drought adaptation, and discuss how this may result into increasing flood risk or overcrowding urban areas. As such, our results shed light on the interplay between human mobility and climate change, bolstering the analysis on the spatiotemporal dynamics of drought risks in a warming world.
Broadband SIW Cavity-Backed Modified Dumbbell-Shaped Slot Antenna

A cavity-backed modified dumbbell-shaped slot antenna based on a substrate integrated waveguide technology is proposed in this letter. Compared with the traditional dumbbell-shaped slot, the modified dumbbell-shaped slot not only introduces several new resonant points, but also makes the antenna obtain a higher gain. In addition, the high-order resonant modes (TE102, TE301, TE302) inside the subcavity are excited by the ground coplanar waveguide feeding structure, and the broadband impedance bandwidth can be achieved by making the high-order modes close to each other. The measured results show that the proposed antenna achieves an impedance bandwidth of 26.7% from 18.2 to 23.8 GHz and a peak gain of 9.5 dBi at 20.4 GHz. The cross-polarization levels of the antenna are around –40 dB at three measured frequencies.
Indonesia's Electronic Export Potential in The Global Market with Gravity Panel Model Approach

The purpose of this study is to calculate Indonesia's electronic export potential to 14 countries during the period 2007-2022 using a panel-gravity approach using the PPML technique. The results of this study confirm the positive and significant relationship between Indonesia's electronics exports and the main component of the gravity model, namely Indonesia's GDP and trading partners. Another variability is the economic openness of trading partners has a positive relationship and exchange rates have a positive but not significant relationship. Variability of distance, and trade agreements have a negative relationship with Indonesia's electronic exports. The results for electronic export potential show that Indonesian electronics still have a lot of leverage to increase its exports to 9 countries. Thus, the position of the electronics industry as a potential industry can be carried out by targeting these countries. But to capitalize on the potential benefits of electronics exports, policymakers need to strengthen infrastructure and regulations related to the electronics industry.