Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
AI for UAV-Assisted IoT Applications: A Comprehensive Review

With the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT), there are a dramatically increasing number of devices, leading to the fact that only using terrestrial infrastructure can hardly provide high-quality services to all devices. Due to their flexibility, maneuverability, and economy, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are widely used to improve the performance of IoT networks. UAVs can not only provide wireless access to IoT devices in the absence of a terrestrial network but can also perform rich IoT services and applications, such as video surveillance, cargo transportation, pesticide spraying, and so forth. However, due to the high complexity, dynamics, and heterogeneity of the UAV-assisted IoT networks, growing attention has focused on using artificial intelligence (AI)-based methods to optimize, schedule, and orchestrate UAV-assisted IoT networks. In this article, we comprehensively analyze the impact of applying advanced AI architectures, models, and methods to different aspects of UAV-assisted IoT networks, including key IoT technologies, tasks, and applications. In addition, this article also explores challenges and discusses potential research directions of AI-enabled UAV-assisted IoT networks.
Preeclampsia and eclampsia-specific maternal mortality in Bangladesh: Levels, trends, timing, and care-seeking practices

Background Despite improvements in many health indicators, maternal mortality has plateaued in Bangladesh. Achieving the global target of reductions in maternal mortality and the associated Sustainable Development Goals will not be possible without actions to prevent deaths due to preeclampsia/eclampsia. Here we examined the levels, trends, specific causes, timing, place, and care-seeking behaviours of women who died due to these two causes. Methods We used nationally representative Bangladesh Maternal Mortality and Health Care Surveys (BMMSs) conducted in 2001, 2010, and 2016 to examine levels and trends of deaths due to preeclampsia/eclampsia. We based the analysis of specific causes, timing, and place of preeclampsia/eclampsia deaths, and care seeking before the deaths on 41 such deaths captured in the 2016 survey. We also used BMMS 2016 survey verbal autopsy (VA) questionnaire to highlight stories that put faces to the numbers. Results The preeclampsia/eclampsia-specific mortality ratio decreased from 77 per 100 000 live births in the 2001 BMMS to 40 per 100 000 live births in the 2010 BMMS, yet halted in the 2016 BMMS at 46 per 100 000 live births. Although preeclampsia/eclampsia accounted for around one-fifth of all maternal deaths in the 2010 BMMS, in the 2016 BMMS, the percentage contribution reached the 2001 BMMS level of 24%. An analysis of the VA questionnaire’s open section showed that almost all such death cases left their homes to seek care; however, most had to visit more than one facility before they died, indicating an unprepared health system. Conclusions A cluster of preeclampsia/eclampsia-specific mortality observed during the first trimester, during delivery, and within 48 hours of birth indicates a need for preconception health check-ups and strengthened facility readiness. Awareness of maternal complications, proper care seeking, and healthy reproductive practices, like family planning to space and limit pregnancy through client-supportive counselling, may be beneficial. Improving regular and emergency maternal services readiness is also essential.
On the Unitarity of String Propagation on SU(1,1)

We discuss the consistency (unitarity) of string propagation on the non-compact group SU(1,1)×G, and find the restriction on the level of the Kac-Moody algebra for this propagation to be unitary. We also suggest some modifications to the Virasoro generators and obtain a manifestly unitary string theory.
He ii EMISSION IN Lyα NEBULAE: ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEUS OR COOLING RADIATION?

We present a study of an extended Lyα nebula located in a known overdensity at z ∼ 2.38. The data include multiwavelength photometry covering the rest-frame spectral range from 0.1 to 250 μm, and deep optical spectra of the sources associated with the extended emission. Two galaxies are associated with the Lyα nebula. One of them is a dust enshrouded active galactic nucleus (AGN), while the other is a powerful starburst, forming stars at ≳400 M☉ yr−1. We detect the He ii emission line at 1640 Å in the spectrum of the obscured AGN, but detect no emission from other highly ionized metals (C iv or N v) as is expected from an AGN. One scenario that simultaneously reproduces the width of the detected emission lines, the lack of C iv emission, and the geometry of the emitting gas, is that the He ii and the Lyα emission are the result of cooling gas that is being accreted on the dark matter halo of the two galaxies, Ly1 and Ly2. Given the complexity of the environment associated with our Lyα nebula it is possible that various mechanisms of excitation are at work simultaneously.
Noise-Resistant Adaptive Gain Recurrent Neural Network for Visual Tracking of Redundant Flexible Endoscope Robot With Time-Varying State Variable Constraints

Redundant systems are highly favored due to their superior performance. However, rapid real-time solutions, state variable constraints, and noise-resistance of redundant systems are still challenging issues to be solved. Therefore, a novel noise-resistant adaptive gain zeroing neural network (NRAG-ZNN) is designed to handle time-varying redundant system problems with state variable constraints, and it is successfully applied to redundant flexible endoscope robot (RFER) visual tracking. First, a tracking control scheme with tracking error, joint position, and velocity constraints is designed based on RFER's motion vision coupling model, whose inequality constraints are transformed into equality constraints by introducing a nonlinear complementary problem function. Then, a novel NRAG-ZNN is designed to handle the above time-varying redundant control scheme with state variable constraints. Next, the fast convergence of the designed NRAG-ZNN under noise interference and noise-free is rigorously proved by using the Lyapunov theory. Finally, the universality and practicability of the proposed methods are checked by using the arbitrary time-varying redundancy numerical test example and RFER. The experimental results indicate that the designed methods can effectively address the time-varying redundancy problems with state variable constraints, and have the ability to resist noise interference and better practicability. Compared with the existing works, the designed methods have higher convergence precision, faster convergence velocity, and stronger noise-resistant interference ability.
A Novel Method for Power System State Estimation with Maximum Good Measurement Rate

With the objective of maximum good measurement rate(GMR)while satisfying power flow equations and operational limits of state variables,a novel method for power system state estimation is proposed.The problem is solved using the interior point method with good convergence performance.Compared with existing state estimation methods,the method proposed has a higher GMR and better bad-data rejection performance.The resulting estimation based on the method is more realistic since it satisfies power flow equations and various physical constraints.The method does not ask for additional bad data checking,observability verification,or subjective weighting factors setting,thus achieving substantial reduction in debugging and maintenance workload.The effectiveness of the method proposed is proved by test results of the IEEE 39-bus system,the IEEE 118-bus system,and a practical utility system.
O PERCURSO GAMER COMO NOVO MODELO DE MATERIAL DIDÁTICO PARA O ENSINO DE ESCRITA

RESUMO Neste artigo, buscamos refletir sobre as interfaces entre os games e o ensino de escrita, por meio do relato do desenvolvimento e da aplicação de um material didático com inspiração na lógica dos jogos eletrônicos, o qual chamamos de percurso gamer. O material criado é intitulado "Lara Croft nos templos do Camboja", em homenagem aos jogos da franquia Tomb Raider, na qual é possível assumir a identidade de uma arqueóloga fictícia. Vislumbramos nesses jogos a possibilidade de explorar os letramentos e os gêneros científicos e de divulgação científica. Embasam a criação desse novo modelo de material didático as teorias de letramentos, gamificação e Aprendizagem Baseada em Jogos. Para a aplicação em sala de aula, utilizamos a metodologia da pesquisa-ação e os seguintes instrumentos de geração de dados: questionário, videogravação das aulas, captura de imagens no computador, diário de pesquisa e entrevistas. Concluímos que o percurso gamer oferece aos estudantes a possibilidade de vivenciar uma profissão e escrever textos em diferentes gêneros a partir da assunção de um ethos discursivo previamente delimitado pelo personagem, o que permite mobilizar a prática social na produção textual e compreender com maior profundidade a cena da enunciação, devido à imersão na proposta narrativa.
A Self Oscillating Current-Reuse Image Reject Mixer for Ultra Low Power Receivers

This paper presents the analysis and design of an NB-IoT compliant Current-reuse self-oscillating quadrature downconversion mixer (CR-SOM). A modified Hartley Image Reject (IR) Receiver front end employing high-side LO injection is discussed. The SOM is designed and laid out in 65nm CMOS technology and oscillates at 2.8GHz while consuming 1.8mW. Post-layout results indicate a conversion gain of −14.3dB, noise figure of 11.6dB and phase noise of −85.4dBc/Hz at a 200kHz offset from the carrier. The quadrature output amplitude and phase errors fall under 0.02dB and 0.1°, respectively and the entire circuit occupies an area of 0.09mm2.
OVD-SLAM: An Online Visual SLAM for Dynamic Environments

Most existing dynamic simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) methods integrating neural networks require high computational support and predefined categories of dynamic objects. This article proposes an online visual SLAM system without predefined dynamic labels for dynamic environments, which is built on ORB-SLAM3. We combine semantic information, depth information, and optical flow to distinguish foreground and background and recognize dynamic regions. The foreground points in dynamic areas are regarded as moving points. We also restore static points on moving objects by the average reprojection error between multiple frames to adapt to nonrigid motion and low-dynamic environments. In pose optimization, we define an optimization weight for every point to decrease the negative influence of potential dynamic points. The experiments on TUM RGB-D and Bonn datasets show that OVD-SLAM achieves more accurate and robust localization than other state-of-art dynamic SLAM methods. To further verify our system’s online performance and robustness, we also test it in real dynamic scenes and apply it to an augmented reality (AR) application using a handheld RGB-D camera.
Cyber-Physical Systems Modelling of the Force Feedback Control for a Robotic Surgery Tool

Robotic minimally invasive surgery (RMIS) has brought numerous benefits for the patient and surgeon. For patients, this means smaller incision sites and faster recovery times. For surgeons, this means less fatiguing work hours while performing robotic-assisted surgery that can mediate tremors and amplify small movements. However, the main caveat of this mode of surgery is the surgeon’s lost sense of touch. Instead, surgeons must rely on their long hours of equipment training to manipulate tissue with only visual feedback. To this end, there is a trend of developing force feedback systems to be integrated into RMIS. Recent developments have explored various control system schemes for force feedback. This study presents a force feedback control system simulated on MATLAB Simulink using artificial signals. The slave manipulator was simulated to receive a force input to be applied to the environment. It was found that the measured force feedback was unstable beyond a 10N input using a constant input signal gain. Further, the system became unstable as signal intervals decreased to 0.5 seconds.
Optimization of Prediction Results Based on Ensemble Methods of Machine Learning

Analysis and evaluation of socio-economic processes based on intellectual models leads to effective results. The use of intelligent systems for real estate valuation and price prediction is very important nowadays. As a result, investors can effectively finance their projects. The main objective of this study is to develop Voting ensemble regression and Gradient Boosting Algorithms based on several machine learning algorithms to predict real property prices. Mean absolute deviation (MAE), root mean squared error (RMSE) and coefficient of determination (R-squared) were calculated to check the accuracy of the developed model and algorithms. Algorithms developed on the basis of ensemble methods have been found to give much better results than among the standalone Machine learning models. Based on the developed model and algorithms, an effective method of real estate assessment and price prediction for investors is proposed.
Transparent Boundary Conditions for Elastic Anisotropic VTI Media: Axially Symmetric Case

Transparent boundary conditions (TBCs) for anisotropic vertical transverse isotropic VTI medium are formulated for the axially symmetric case. The high accu- racy of the derived TBCs and their long-time stability are demonstrated in numerical experiments. The TBCs arerepresentedin terms of the vertical component of the veloc- ity vector and tangential component of the stress tensor that facilitates the easy imple- mentation of the boundary condition into the finite-difference staggered-grid scheme.
Use of Eye Behavior With Visual Distraction for Attention Training in VR

Concentration and attention skills are critical to human beings in almost every area of society, including school, work, and relationships. Especially, improving and increasing attention skills for certain people with social impairments such as Autism Spectrum Disorders, will assist their intervention and benefit their life quality. Virtual reality (VR) with a behavioral analysis system can help attention training with more customized scenarios for interaction and a fully controllable virtual environment that is often not available in real life. In the current phase, a system prototype was developed and a preliminary study with young adult participants was conducted to collect the baseline and validate the design. A within-subject design was used to embed four different training strategies in the training session. A total of 20 participants were involved in the preliminary experiment. The results of the data analysis show that even though eye gazing on certain objects decreased as expected, the total distraction time was rather on the opposite trend. The results have brought up new insights into the study and will inspire more improvement in future steps.
Stroke in Young Adults in Spain: Epidemiology and Risk Factors by Age

Introduction: Recent research has highlighted an increased incidence of ischemic stroke (IS) in young adults, along with a higher percentage of vascular risk factors at younger ages. This study aimed to estimate the in-hospital incidence of IS and associated comorbidities by sex and age group in Spain. Methods: A retrospective analysis of the Spain Nationwide Inpatient Sample database from 2016 to 2019 was conducted, which included adult patients with IS. In-hospital incidence and mortality rates were estimated, and a descriptive analysis of the main comorbidities was performed, stratified by sex and age groups. Results: A total of 186,487 patients were included, with a median age of 77 (IQR 66–85) years and 53.3% were male. Of these, 9162 (5%) were aged between 18 and 50 years. The estimated incidence of IS in adults younger than 50 years ranged from 11.9 to 13.5 per 100,000 inhabitants during the study period, with a higher incidence in men. The overall in-hospital mortality was 12.6%. Young adults with IS had a higher prevalence of most vascular risk factors compared to the general Spanish population, with a specific distribution according to sex and age. Conclusions: This study provides estimates of the incidence of IS and the prevalence of vascular risk factors and comorbidities associated with IS in Spain, stratified by sex and age, using a national registry of hospital admissions. These findings should be considered in terms of both primary and secondary prevention strategies.
Pattern Reshaping of the Third Resonant Mode of Dipole and Slot Using Parasitic Elements

A simple approach for radiation pattern reshaping of the third mode of dipole and slot antennas is proposed. Short parasitic strips or slots are added to both sides of the dipole or slot antenna. In the third mode, the reversed current or E-field will destroy the omnidirectivity or bidirectivity of these two antennas. But, the induced current or E-field on the parasitic elements is opposite to that on the original antenna canceling the effect of the reversed current or E-field. As a result, the radiation patterns of the dipole and slot in the third mode are reshaped to be omnidirectional or bidirectional, respectively. The effects of parasitic element length, spacing, and position on radiation patterns have also been studied. Besides, it is proved that parasitic loops have the same effect. For simplifying impedance matching, a novel feeding method for slot antenna is designed especially without using lumped elements. Two prototypes, dipole and slot antennas with parasitic elements, were fabricated and tested to validate the concept. The measured results are in good agreement with the simulated ones. The measured patterns of the third mode are shaped with lower sidelobes and high realized gains. In both the first and third modes, the dipole and slot antennas realize omnidirectional and bidirectional radiations, respectively.
Molecular Mechanisms of Obesity-Induced Development of Insulin Resistance and Promotion of Amyloid-β Accumulation: Dietary Therapy Using Weak Organic Acids via Improvement of Lowered Interstitial Fluid pH

Insulin resistance is one of the etiologies of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and has been suggested to contribute to the development of Alzheimer’s disease by promoting amyloid-β accumulation. Various causes of insulin resistance have been suggested; however, mechanisms of insulin resistance development remain to be elucidated in many respects. Elucidating the mechanisms underlying the development of insulin resistance is one of the key factors in developing methods to prevent the onset of T2DM and Alzheimer’s disease. It has been suggested that the body pH environment plays an important role in the control of cellular functions by regulating the action of hormones including insulin and the activity of enzymes and neurons, thereby maintaining homeostatic conditions of the body. This review introduces: (1) Mitochondrial dysfunction through oxidative stress caused by obesity-induced inflammation. (2) Decreased pH of interstitial fluid due to mitochondrial dysfunction. (3) Development of insulin resistance due to diminution of insulin affinity to its receptor caused by the lowered interstitial fluid pH. (4) Accelerated accumulation of amyloid-β due to elevated activities of β- and γ-secretases caused by the lowered interstitial fluid pH. (5) Diet therapies for improving insulin resistance with weak organic acids that act as bases in the body to raise the pH of lowered interstitial fluid and food factors that promote absorption of weak organic acids in the gut.
L-Theanine and Immunity: A Review

L-theanine (N-ethyl-γ-glutamine) is the main amino acid in tea leaves. It not only contributes to tea flavor but also possesses several health benefits. Compared with its sedative and calming activities, the immunomodulatory effects of L-theanine have received less attention. Clinical and epidemiological studies have shown that L-theanine reduces immunosuppression caused by strenuous exercise and prevents colds and influenza by improving immunity. Numerous cell and animal studies have proven that theanine plays an immunoregulatory role in inflammation, nerve damage, the intestinal tract, and tumors by regulating γδT lymphocyte function, glutathione (GSH) synthesis, and the secretion of cytokines and neurotransmitters. In addition, theanine can be used as an immunomodulator in animal production. This article reviews the research progress of L-theanine on immunoregulation and related mechanisms, as well as its application in poultry and animal husbandry. It is hoped that this work will be beneficial to future related research.
On Products and Algebraic Families of Jacobian Varieties

1. The first theorem of this paper (? 2) is an extension to products of jacobian varieties of Matsusaka's characterization of a jacobian variety [6, Th. 3]. As a corollary (? 3) we obtain a result which was proved in the author's thesis (Chicago, 1958) and which is cited by Baily in the proof of the following: Let E denote the set of points corresponding to period matrices for Riemann surfaces of genus n in the quotient space VE = H,, / F,,. Then E is an irreducible locally closed subset of Vn in the Zariski topology determined on V. by the modular forms for L'n on Hn. [1, Cor. to Th. , p. 313. ] Our second theorem (? 5) is an extension of this result of Baily to algebraic families of polarized abelian varities (Weil's generalizations of the spaces Vs)'. The author wishes to express his appreciation to Professor Matsusaka for his advice and encouragement.
Structural Origins of Poor Health Outcomes in Documented Temporary Foreign Workers and Refugees in High-Income Countries: A Review

Despite growing evidence of racial and institutional discrimination on minoritized communities and its negative effect on health, there are still gaps in the current literature identifying health disparities among minoritized communities. This review aims to identify health barriers faced by relatively less studied migrant subgroups including documented temporary foreign workers and refugees residing in high-income Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries focusing on the structural origins of differential health outcomes. We searched Medline, CINAHL, and Embase databases for papers describing health barriers for these groups published in English between 1 January 2011 and 30 July 2021. Two independent reviewers conducted a title, abstract, and full text screening with any discrepancies resolved by consensus or a third reviewer. Extracted data were analyzed using an inductive thematic analysis. Of the 381 articles that underwent full-text review, 27 articles were included in this review. We identified housing conditions, immigration policies, structural discrimination, and exploitative labour practices as the four major emerging themes that impacted the health and the access to healthcare services of our study populations. Our findings highlight the multidimensional nature of health inequities among migrant populations and a need to examine how the broader context of these factors influence their daily experiences.
Design and Evaluation of a VR Therapy for Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia: Perspectives from Patients and Stakeholders

Immersive virtual reality (VR) technology has shown great promise in intervening in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Mild De-mentia (MD) patients' cognitive therapies. However, current VR applications mainly focus on task performances, ignoring the signifi-cant values of other stakeholders (caregivers and therapists) and their roles in MCI/MD patients' therapies. We designed a VR way-finding cognitive task and evaluated its usability and effectiveness by inter-viewing both MCI/MD patients and stakeholders. Findings suggest that the interventions of stakeholders can improve the performance of the participants. Besides, we identified several significant factors in designing VR cognitive tasks for patients with MCI/MD.