Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Addressing Challenges in Genetic Test Evaluation: Evaluation Frameworks and Assessment of Analytic Validity

The findings and conclusions in this document are those of the author(s), who are responsible for its content, and do not necessarily represent the views of AHRQ. No statement in this report should be construed as an official position of AHRQ or of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The information in this report is intended to help clinicians, employers, policymakers, and others make informed decisions about the provision of health care services. This report is intended as a reference and not as a substitute for clinical judgment. This report may be used, in whole or in part, as the basis for the development of clinical practice guidelines and other quality enhancement tools, or as a basis for reimbursement and coverage policies. AHRQ or U.S. Department of Health and Human Services endorsement of such derivative products may not be stated or implied. This document is in the public domain and may be used and reprinted without permission except those copyrighted materials noted for which further reproduction is prohibited without the specific permission of copyright holders. None of the investigators has any affiliations or financial involvement that conflicts with the material presented in this report. In 1990–1992 while an undergraduate student at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Dr. Wendy Bruening worked as a member of the team that discovered the Wilms' tumor suppressor gene (WT1). While she does receive royalties from MIT related to the patent the university filed for the gene sequence, she has no control over uses of the gene sequence and no conflict with the material in this report. Preface The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), through its Evidence-based Practice Centers (EPCs), sponsors the development of evidence reports and technology assessments to assist public-and private-sector organizations in their efforts to improve the quality of health care in the United States. The reports and assessments provide organizations with comprehensive, science-based information on common, costly medical conditions and new health care technologies and strategies. The EPCs systematically review the relevant scientific literature on topics assigned to them by AHRQ and conduct additional analyses when appropriate prior to developing their reports and assessments. To improve the scientific rigor of these evidence reports, AHRQ supports empiric research by the EPCs to help understand or improve complex methodologic issues in systematic reviews. These methods research projects are intended to contribute to the research base in and be used to …
Recent advances in space‐mapping‐based modeling of microwave devices

We review the latest developments in space‐mapping‐based modeling techniques with applications in microwave engineering. We discuss the two techniques that utilize a combination of standard space mapping and function approximation methodologies, in particular fuzzy systems and support vector regression (SVR). In both cases, the initial space‐mapping model is enhanced by an additional term that approximates the differences between the fine model and the initial space‐mapping surrogate. We compare the standard and enhanced space‐mapping models, as well as the fuzzy systems and SVR directly used for modeling fine model data. A discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of the presented methods is also given. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Parenting and Digital Media: From the Early Web to Contemporary Digital Society

Parents have accessed websites, online discussion forums and blogs for advice, information and support since the early days of the World Wide Web (which first became widely available to users in the mid-1990s). In this century, the advent of mobile media such as smartphones and tablet computers and Wi-Fi has allowed parents to access the web from almost any location. They can use social-media platforms and apps (software applications for mobile devices) as part of their parenting practices. These technologies have brought with them opportunities for parents to seek information and support and exchange details of their experiences with each other in a variety of ways. These practices contribute to datafication, that is, rendering details of people’s lives into digital data formats (van Dijck 2014) - not only of parents themselves but also of their children. The possibilities that now exist not only for voluntary sharing of one’s personal data with others, but also for data leakage and commercial exploitation of this information, are key differences between the early digital media that were available to parents and those that they currently use. In this article, we review the literature in sociology and related social research addressing the ways in which digital media have been used for parenting-related purposes. We begin with the longer-established media of parenting websites, online discussion forums, blogs, email, mobile phones and message and video services and then move on to the newer technologies of social media and apps. This is followed by a section on data privacy and security issues. The concluding section summarises some major issues arising from the review and points to directions for further research.
Activated Sludge and Other Aerobic Suspended Culture Processes

Two of the activated sludge models within STOAT, a whole plant modeling program developed at the Water Research Centre, were compared and shown to have definite differences in predictions (Stokes et al., 2000a). The International Water Association, IWA, (formerly IAWQ) Activated Sludge Model No. 1 (ASM1) within STOAT was shown to provide better predictions over a wider range of process conditions and for optimizing nitrification/denitrification than the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) based ASAL model. The sludge yield predictions were also different for the two models (Stokes et al., 2000b), and the authors suggested that predicted values in ASAL were influenced by the mixing regime selected for the aeration tank.
Guidelines on Cell Phone and PDA Security: Recommendations of the National Institute of Standards and Technology

Cell phones and personal digital assistants (PDAs) have become indispensable tools for today's highly mobile workforce. Small and relatively inexpensive, these devices can be used for many functions, including sending and receiving electronic mail, storing documents, delivering presentations, and remotely accessing data. While these devices provide productivity benefits, they also pose new risks to organizations. This document provides an overview of cell phone and PDA devices in use today and offers insights into making informed information technology security decisions on their treatment. The document gives details about the threats and technology risks associated with the use of these devices and the available safeguards to mitigate them. Organizations can use this information to enhance security and reduce incidents involving cell phone and PDA devices.
Aerobic Thermophilic Digestion or Liquid Composting of Municipal Sludges

A study funded by Supply and Services Canada through the Wastewater Technology Center of Environment Canada, and the Province of British Columbia is being undertaken over a two year period to assess the suitability of three types of liquid composting facilities for small communities (less than 10,000 people). Study objectives address ability to pasteurize, stabilize, reduce odour, economize on energy, utilize state variables for system control, and assess dewaterability. A retrofit plant using diffused air and turbine mixing, and a pump and air venturi system will be compared against the West German FUCHS standard. The three full-scale installations are constructed at treatment plants in British Columbia, Canada. Initial study results are discussed.
An overview of the environmental, economic, and material developments of the solar and wind sources coupled with the energy storage systems

There is a constant growth in energy consumption and consequently energy generation around the world. During the recent decades, renewable energy sources took heed of scientists and policy makers as a remedy for substituting traditional sources. Wind and photovoltaic (PV) are the least reliable sources because of their dependence on wind speed and irradiance and therefore their intermittent nature. Energy storage systems are usually coupled with these sources to increase the reliability of the hybrid system. Environmental effects are one of the biggest concerns associated with the renewable energy sources. This study summarizes the last and most important environmental and economic analysis of a grid‐connected hybrid network consisting of wind turbine, PV panels, and energy storage systems. Focusing on environmental aspects, this paper reviews land efficiency, shaded analysis of wind turbines and PV panels, greenhouse gas emission, wastes of wind turbine and PV panels' components, fossil fuel consumption, wildlife, sensitive ecosystems, health benefits, and so on. A cost analysis of the energy generated by a hybrid system has been discussed. Furthermore, this study reviews the latest technologies for materials that have been used for solar PV manufacturing. This paper can help to make a right decision considering all aspects of installing a hybrid system. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Information Fusion Technology Based on T-S Fuzzy Neural Networks for Red Tide Prediction

T-S fuzzy neural network not only has the advantage of fuzzy logic and the neural networks,but also has good learning ability.This paper presents a fusion method for T-S fuzzy neural networks to prediction of red tide.The nonlinear relationships between PTCA(Physical Testing and Chemical Analysis) factor and denseness of red tide algae are studied and the denseness of red tide algae is researched.The experiment indicates that the method which is used in red tide prediction is practicable and effective.
Coiled tubing drilling and real-time sensing - Enabling ‘prospecting drilling’ in the 21st Century? Minerals keynote paper

New Tier 1 discoveries are critical to maintaining Australia’s mineral resource inventory without continuing decline in the grade of mined resources. Such discoveries are becoming less common because, increasingly, remaining prospective, under-explored areas are obscured by deep, barren cover. Improving the rate of Tier 1 discoveries requires a step change in mineral exploration techniques that may be provided by ‘prospecting drilling’, i.e. extensive drilling programs that map mineral systems beneath cover, enabling geophysical and geochemical vectoring towards deposits during a single drilling campaign. The rationale for ‘prospecting drilling’ is provided (i) a dataset of antimony from the Kalgoorlie district of Western Australia, and; (ii) analysis of hypogene alteration systems of IOCG deposits in South Australia. The technological platform for ‘prospecting drilling’ must include low cost drilling due to the d ense subsurface sampling required. This may be provided by transferring coiled tubing (CT) drilling technology, with its continuous drill pipe on a reel, from the oil and gas sector. CT drilling can be complemented by real-time downhole and top-of-hole sensing providing petrophysics, structure/rock fabric, geochemistry and mineralogy. The first manifestation of real-time, downhole sensing is DET CRC’ s newly developed autonomous sonde that is deployed by the driller and logs natural gamma radiation as the dill rods are pulled. Experimentation on real-time, top-of-hole sensing (on drill cuttings from diamond cored holes) has successfully demonstrated geochemistry and mineralogy determination with the necessary depth-fidelity. At the target cost of $50/metre, CT drilling could cost-effectively undertake ‘prospecting drilling’ in large, covered provinces such as the IOCG-prospective Gawler Carton of South Australia.
Superswells

Geophysicists have long sought direct, incontrovertible evidence from surface observables for convection in Earth's mantle. One of the best candidates for a phenomenon of convective origin is the South Pacific Superswell, a broad area of uplifted seafloor containing numerous volcanoes in French Polynesia. Other proposed examples of the superswell phenomenon include seafloor now located in the North Pacific that was anomalously shallow back in Cretaceous time and the present‐day high topography of eastern and southern Africa. Researchers suggest that superswells form over mantle that is hotter than the global average on account of long‐term absence of cooling by subducting lithosphere. Superswell mantle is melt rich, as evidenced by a fourfold increase in the rate of volcanism as compared with that of normal lithosphere. Seismic tomography suggests that the source for this diffuse, radiogenically enriched volcanism without long age progressions is a hot layer above the transition zone, rather than numerous deep‐mantle plumes. Dynamic upwelling of this buoyant material in a low‐viscosity zone immediately beneath the plate is responsible for both the shallow seafloor and the dip in the elevation of the Earth's sea level equipotential surface over French Polynesia. Thermal models consistent with the seismic tomography, depth, and geoid data predict extremely minor perturbations to the temperature structure in the upper 50 km of the lithosphere and thus unresolvable anomalies in both heat flow and the stiffness of the elastic plate supporting the volcanoes. Superswell volcanism is distinct from other types of volcanism by not being immediately attributable to plate separation, plate convergence, or deep‐mantle plumes.
A numerical coupling model for a multibody system with multiple lubricated clearance joints

In machines and mechanisms, most of the clearance joints are designed to operate with lubricant fluid, which is an effective way of ensuring better performance of the mechanical systems. The differently located lubricated joints interact with each other, influencing the total performances of the mechanical system. In this study, a numerical coupling model for the dynamics and lubrication analyses of the multibody system with multiple lubricated clearance joints is established. This approach couples the dynamics model of the multibody system with the lubrication models of translational and revolute clearance joints. The dynamics model is established by the Lagrange’s method, while The lubrication models are solved using the finite element method. The hydrodynamic forces built up by the lubricant fluid are evaluated from the motion states of the system and then input into dynamics model of the multibody system. Finally, the proposed approach is applied to a four-stroke gasoline engine with the lubricated piston skirt-liner subsystem and lubricated bearing at the big end of the connecting rod.
A Categorical View to Structural Complexity

In the present work we are interested in to provide a universal language for supporting formalisms to specify the approximation hierarchy system for an abstract NP‐hard optimization problem. This work grew from the idea of providing a categorical view of structural complexity to optimization problems. The direction is aimed towards actually exploring the connections among the structural complexity aspects and categorical concepts, which may be viewed in a high‐level, in a structuralistic sense. After introducing the optimization problems categories OPTS and OPT, as well as related questions, a formal system modelling the approximation hierarchy of a given optimization problem is provided, based on categorical shape theory. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Cell‐specific detection of phosphorus stress in Trichodesmium from the Western North Atlantic

The low phosphorus concentrations observed in the western North Atlantic and the western Central Atlantic suggest that phosphorus bioavailability may limit Trichodesmium productivity and N2 fixation. However, the degree to which the concentration and composition of the total phosphorus pool affects actual bioavailability is poorly understood. To better examine how phosphorus bioavailability may constrain primary production and marine N2 fixation, we have developed a molecular diagnostic tool for quickly detecting the phosphorus status of the diazotroph Trichodesmium. This diagnostic method uses a commercially available substrate to fluorescently tag cells expressing the phosphate‐regulated enzyme, alkaline phosphatase. Using this diagnostic tool, we were able to distinguish phosphorus‐replete from phosphorus‐stressed Trichodesmium populations along a transect from Grand Bahama Island to Bermuda in November 2000.
The Role of Requirements In Agile System Realization

Requirements play a fundamental role in the realization of systems, regardless of the methodology used. Current understanding of requirements usage is strongly influenced by traditional program lifecycle paradigms. This paper highlights the fundamental contribution of requirements to system realization, reviews typical requirements usage, quality attributes and assumptions, and identifies areas where a different perspective on requirements usage can enhance agility.
Estimating the Effect of Different Influencing Factors on Rock Glacier Development in Two Regions in the Swiss Alps

For both the potential rock glacier area and the true rock glacier area, the spatial average of the resulting wind sheltering indices was negative in the western sectors (wind exposed, low snow accumulation) and positive in the eastern sectors (wind sheltered, high snow accumulation) (Table 7; Figure 19). Also, on page 205, the following sentence under the subsection Head Wall Erosion Rates Control Rock Glacier Size, Velocity and Front Elevations is incorrect: Accordingly, Böhlert et al. (2011) estimated a mean creep velocity of 30 ka for the active phase of the relict rock glaciers.
Study on the Relationship Between the Operation Cycle and Make Arc Duration in the Electrical Endurance Test

The experiment was carried out to understand how the operation cycle affect the make arc duration in the electrical endurance test under the different surge current conditions.It is showed that the arcing duration is with the characteristic of randomness in each operation and does not have definite correlation with the operation cycle,and can get higher or lower or fluctuated in the test period.
GGIF and Bilateral Filtering based Deep Learning Technique for Image Dehazing

: Fog occurs as a result of natural environmental conditions that reduce image quality. Perceptual fog density(PFD) is used to calculate the fog density parameter. In this paper, a globally guided filtering technique using a bilateral filter and a deep neural network is used to create the new image approach. This new method is implemented on the MATLAB programming environment, the proposed methods are obtained through PFD computation to show the results of the current and proposed technology with optimized images. The proposed technique preserves the fine texture, image color density and eliminates haze compared to the existing techniques.
Double closed‐loop control with adaptive strategy for automotive engine speed tracking system

In order to improve the transient and static performances of an engine speed control system in a wide speed range, this paper presents an adaptive double closed‐loop control strategy. The control scheme possesses intake manifold pressure inner closed‐loop adaptive proportional‐integral control and engine speed outer closed‐loop adaptive proportional‐integral control for achieving the tracking precision in a wide range of speed, as well as adaptive nonlinearity and feedforward compensators for overcoming parameter uncertainty and nonlinearity. The whole closed‐loop system's stability and the speed tracking convergence are ensured theoretically by the Lyapunov stability theory and the LaSalle invariant principle. The effectiveness of the proposed control strategy is validated through the operation results on the simulator of a V6 engine exploited by the Research Committee of the Society of Instrument and Control Engineers of Japan.
Editor's Notes

The 1998 publication of the New Directions for Evaluation volume, Understanding and Practicing Participatory Evaluation, is one of the many indications that participatory evaluation is becoming “mainstream. ” In the five years since that publication, a new “new direction in evaluation” has appeared on the landscape—the inclusion of youth as members of participatory evaluation teams. Known as youth participatory evaluation (YPE), this kind of involvement of young people1 is said by practitioners to benefit young people, their programs and communities, and evaluation itself. YPE has implications for a host of issues that are of concern not only to evaluators but to educators, youth workers, researchers, funders, and children’s and human rights advocates as well. As an emerging field with the potential to invigorate evaluation practice and contribute to our understanding, YPE is a fascinating and exciting topic. Not yet clearly defined or delineated, it is literally being developed as we write. This volume shares the rich field experience of researchers and evaluators who are working with and developing this new orientation. In producing this collection, we hope to inform and inspire others with perspectives on how, when, and why to include young people in evaluation and to make suggestions about how this work can advance the broader field of participatory evaluation. The practice of engaging young people in evaluation has emerged out of a confluence of diverse constructs and practices, most notably, community development and action research, participatory evaluation, and positive youth development. It has been further fueled by the signing and ratification of the 1989 United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC). These historical threads of YPE are presented, along with implications that YPE has for evaluators, trainers, and educators.
Sequence Labeling for Citation Field Extractionfrom Cyrillic Script References

Extracting structured data from bibliographic references is a crucial task for the creation of scholarly databases. While approaches, tools, and evaluation data sets for the task exist, there is a distinct lack of support for languages other than English and scripts other than the Latin alphabet. A significant portion of the scientific literature that is thereby excluded consists of publications written in Cyrillic script languages. To address this problem, we introduce a new multilingual and multidisciplinary data set of over 100,000 labeled reference strings. The data set covers multiple Cyrillic languages and contains over 700 manually labeled references, while the remaining are generated synthetically. With random samples of varying size of this data, we train multiple well performing sequence labeling BERT models and thus show the usability of our proposed data set. To this end, we showcase an implementation of a multilingual BERT model trained on the synthetic data and evaluated on the manually labeled references. Our model achieves an F1 score of 0.93 and thereby significantly outperforms a state-of-the-art model we retrain and evaluate on our data.