Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development and Validation of a Screening Tool for The Identification of Refractive Errors Among School Going Children In Tamil Nadu, India

Background: The inability to focus light onto the retina, known as refractive error, is a significant cause of correctable visual impairment. Unfortunately, students' ocular complaints often go unnoticed due to a lack of awareness. To address this issue, a questionnaire with high sensitivity and reasonable specificity was developed for teachers to identify students with refractive error. Methods: A questionnaire with surrogate indicators for refractive error in children was used and the data was analysed using SPSS. Significant markers were scored and a ROC curve determined a suitable cut-off. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated based on this cut-off. Results: The questionnaire was developed using five variables that had a 65% probability of identifying refractive error, including copying errors, copying from peers, eye squeezing, previous use of glasses, and eye deviation. A cut-off score of 5.5 out of 14 achieved 90% sensitivity and 50% specificity in detecting refractive errors. Conclusion: This study created a tool with five markers that demonstrated good internal consistency and content validity, it had an average sensitivity and specificity of 84% and 63%, respectively. The tool is twice as likely to identify someone with refractive error than someone without it.
Colonialism and Development in the Contemporary World

A collection of essays examining the various ways in which 19th and 20th century European rule has affected the economic, social and political geography of post-colonial countries. A series of richly textured, local studies conveying the nature of colonial experience and examining in detail the key issues in the debate about the nature of imperialism. Although each chapter stands alone as an independent statement with its own focus and conclusions, they all address the central theme and provide a comparative analysis of similar processes.
Modeling Linear Kinematic Features in Sea Ice

Abstract Sea ice deformation is localized in narrow zones of high strain rate that extend hundreds of kilometers, for example, across the Arctic Basin. This paper demonstrates that these failure zones may be modeled with a viscous–plastic sea ice model, using an isotropic rheology. If the ice is assumed to be heterogeneous at the grid scale, and allowed to weaken in time, intersecting failure zones propagate across the region. The direction of failure propagation depends upon the stress applied to the ice (wind stress and boundary conditions) and the rheological model describing plastic failure of the ice. The spacing between failure zones is controlled by the magnitude of the wind stress and the distribution describing spatial variability of ice strength. Sea ice motion and deformation oscillate at close to a 12-h period throughout the Arctic and Antarctic pack ice. This oscillation is found at all spatial scales from hundreds of kilometers to the lead scale. It is shown that with an inertial embedded mo.
UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE JUIZ DE FORA INSTITUTO DE CIÊNCIAS EXATAS PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIA DA COMPUTAÇÃO

In this work, we discuss the use of cooperative medium access control (CMAC) protocols to reduce packet loss rate and to improve goodput of in-home broadband power line communication (PLC) systems. To support this discussion, we, for the first time, present a statistical packet error rate (PER) analysis of measured in-home PLC channels by adopting a single relay model. Additionally, we outline a simple CMAC protocol that is capable of exploiting the diversity offered by in-home electric power grids. Using this protocol, we aim to show the impact of bandwidth variation, PER variation and of relative relay location on system performance. Thus, we show that packet loss rate and goodput improve when frequency bandwidth increases. Also, results show that cooperation at the link layer does not offer advantages if the PER values of direct and relayed links are very high or very low. Furthermore, we note that the improvements depend on the location of the node relay in relation to the nodes source and the destination (i.e., network improves if the relay is located near the source or in the midway between the source and the destination). Finally, a comparison between orthogonal frequency division multiple access time division multiple access (OFDMA-TDMA) and time division multiple access orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (TDMA-OFDM) schemes show that the simple CMAC protocol is more effective when it is used together with the former scheme than the latter.
Adult Urology Oncology : Adrenal / Renal / Upper Tract / Bladder The Effect of Sunitinib on Primary Renal Cell Carcinoma and Facilitation of Subsequent Surgery

Purpose: We investigated the effect of sunitinib on locally advanced primary renal carcinoma tumors and the ability to facilitate subsequent surgery. Materials and Methods: Patients with an unresectable primary renal tumor, with or without distant metastases, received 50 mg sunitinib with continuous daily dosing in a phase II trial. Computerized tomography was performed every 12 weeks to determine surgical resectability. The primary end point of the trial was the percentage of patients with renal cell carcinoma and initially unresectable primary tumors who could undergo nephrectomy after sunitinib therapy. Results: Of 30 patients enrolled in the study (19 with distant metastases) 28 (35 total renal tumors) were evaluable for response. The median change in primary renal cell carcinoma tumors was a 22% decrease, corresponding to a median absolute reduction of 1.2 cm. The median reduction in primary renal cell carcinoma tumors of clear cell histology was 28% (absolute reduction 1.7 cm) compared to a 1.4% increase (0.1 cm absolute increase) in nonclear cell tumors. Of these patients 13 (45%) met the primary end point of being able to undergo nephrectomy after preoperative sunitinib. All patients had viable renal cell carcinoma in the surgical specimen and surgical morbidity was consistent with prior experience of nephrectomy in patients without preoperative therapy. Conclusions: Sunitinib as initial therapy in patients with locally advanced features of the primary tumor was feasible and resulted in an antitumor effect that enabled subsequent surgery in a subset of patients. Further prospective study is required to refine the most suitable application of this approach.
Look before you leap: An Access-based Prudent Page Migration for Hybrid Memories

Hybrid memory composed of DRAM and PCM exploits benefit of both types of memory. The random page placement in such memories may cause write-intensive pages to be placed in PCM partition, which may adversely affect the memory performance due to the higher write latency of PCM. Migration of write-intensive pages to DRAM helps in improving memory service time. Existing techniques migrate pages having write access count greater than a predefined threshold. These techniques do not examine the access pattern once the choice to migrate the page has been made. This might lead to unnecessary migrations because the page may have been hot before the decision, but the number of access may have dropped after migration. To accurately identify the hot page, we propose an access-based prudent page migration method which uses an eDRAM buffer to migrate hot pages from PCM to DRAM. In this paper, we present a look-before-you-leap migration technique where after a page is identified as a hot page, makes a thoughtful decision regarding whether to migrate or not to migrate it.
CURRICULUMVITAE ET STUDIORUM

Gaetano Tieri, Phd in Cognitive Social and Affective Neuroscience; Department of Psychology, University of Rome La Sapienza, Italy. He is an expert in exploring behavioral, physiological and neurophysiological activities by means of Immersive Virtual Reality and conducts research at 1) Virtual reality Lab at Unitelma Sapienza of Rome; 2) at the IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome and 3) Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience Laboratory at the Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, head Prof. S.M. Aglioti. He is also expert in developing virtual environments for educational proposal in the fields of Psychology and Neuroscience.
Nature and Properties of Some Introouced Teak ( Tectona grandis ) Growing Soils of North-west Bengal

Nature and properties of some introduced teak ( Tectona grandis ) growing solis of Nort-west Bengal were studied in order to evaluate the characteristics of the solis supporting the species. It was found that since teak was growing well in the area, the characteristics and nature of the solis must be favourable for the growth and development of the species. Information from other good teak growing areas will help to generalise the range of the characteristics of the soils suitable for the species.
CGE Analysis of Regional Policy in Northern Kyushu Area

This study develops a policy model under the hierarchical administration system of the regional economy in Japan. In case of Japan, a hierarchy of national, prefectural, and municipal (city) administration exists, and a different regional policy in these each hierarchies can be set up. Generally, the policy and its evaluation might be different whether should give priority to national interests or to each region's interests. To show such a situation, quantitatively analysis by using the computable general equilibrium model (CGE model) is examined. Concretely, Kitakyushu City and Fukuoka City are taken up as an administrative region at the city level. Together with these two cities and surrounding areas, it becomes Fukuoka Prefecture. On the other hand, the case of including Yamaguchi Prefecture, the adjacent prefecture, in these regions exists. In this case, it can be called Northern Kyushu Area by combining Fukuoka Prefecture and Yamaguchi Prefecture, and such a large area also becomes important in the regional policy as higher hierarchy. Five regions including the rest of Japan are focused on this study. Moreover, due to availableness of the input-output tables of these regions, respectively, the data base to develop the CGE model is estimated after tabulating the interregional input-output table.
Some thoughts on the stability of cratonic lithosphere: Effects of buoyancy and viscosity

Continental cratons have not experienced major tectonic disruptions over a timescale of 109 years. The thickness of cratonic lithosphere also appears to have changed little over this timescale. These observations are often attributed to the presence of chemically buoyant and/or highly viscous subcratonic roots. Simple physical scaling relationships are developed to explore the buoyancy and/or viscosity conditions required to stabilize such roots against large-scale deformation and rapid remixing into the mantle. The scalings are tested using idealized numerical simulations with good general agreement. Applied to Earth, the scalings suggest that (1) buoyancy alone is unlikely to stabilize cratonic roots and (2) if root viscosity is to provide stability into the Archean, then roots must be 103 times as viscous as the mantle. Based on available experimental data, root dehydration cannot account for the required viscosity increase. Temperature-dependent viscosity can stabilize roots, but it does so at the expense of stagnating the entire mantle lithosphere, i.e., at the expense of sacrificing plate tectonics. This suggests that the plastic yielding properties of rocks at low temperatures will need to be more directly accounted for in future experiments exploring root stability.
Detection of atmospheric rivers: Evaluation and application of an algorithm for global studies

Atmospheric rivers (ARs) are narrow, elongated, synoptic jets of water vapor that play important roles in the global water cycle and regional weather/hydrology. A technique is developed for objective detection of ARs on the global domain based on characteristics of the integrated water vapor transport (IVT). AR detection involves thresholding 6‐hourly fields of ERA‐Interim IVT based on the 85th percentile specific to each season and grid cell and a fixed lower limit of 100 kg m−1 s−1 and checking for the geometry requirements of length >2000 km, length/width ratio >2, and other considerations indicative of AR conditions. Output of the detection includes the AR shape, axis, landfall location, and basic statistics of each detected AR. The performance of the technique is evaluated by comparison to AR detection in the western North America, Britain, and East Antarctica with three independently conducted studies using different techniques, with over ~90% agreement in AR dates. Among the parameters tested, AR detection shows the largest sensitivity to the length criterion in terms of changes in the resulting statistical distribution of AR intensity and geometry. Global distributions of key AR characteristics are examined, and the results highlight the global footprints of ARs and their potential importance on global and regional scales. Also examined are seasonal dependence of AR frequency and precipitation and their modulation by four prominent modes of large‐scale climate variability. The results are in broad consistency with previous studies that focused on landfalling ARs in the west coasts of North America and Europe.
3D Selection in Mixed Reality: Designing a Two-Phase Technique To Reduce Fatigue

Mid-air pointing is widely used for 3D selection in Mixed Reality but leads to arm fatigue. In a first exploratory experiment we study a two-phase design and compare modalities for each phase: mid-air gestures, eye-gaze and microgestures. Results suggest that eye-gaze and microgestures are good candidates to reduce fatigue and improve interaction speed. We therefore propose two 3D selection techniques: Look&MidAir and Look&Micro. Both techniques include a first phase during which users control a cone directed along their eye-gaze. Using the flexion of their non-dominant hand index finger, users pre-select the objects intersecting this cone. If several objects are pre-selected, a disambiguation phase is performed using direct mid-air touch for Look&MidAir or thumb to finger microgestures for Look&Micro. In a second study, we compare both techniques to the standard raycasting technique. Results show that Look&MidAir and Look&Micro perform similarly. However they are 55% faster, perceived easier to use and are less tiring than the baseline. We discuss how the two techniques could be combined for greater flexibility and for object manipulation after selection.
Satellite observations of a nutrient upwelling off the coast of California

Satellite thermal imagery is combined with automated chemical analysis of surface waters off central California to detect and better understand a ‘nutrient upwelling’ entering the California Current system. While thermal surface water features have been mapped successfully from satellites for a number of years, the relationship of satellite thermal imagery to nutrients, such as nitrates and phosphates, has not been established. As a result of such efforts, satellite remote sensors may help to explain the relationship between chemical mesoscale and pelagic ecosystems of the ocean.
A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Background: Tumor is a common and frequently-occurring disease that seriously threatens human health, and is one of the main causes of death. Adriamycin (ADM) is the most commonly used and effective anti-tumor chemotherapeutics in clinical practice, but they can cause severe cardiotoxicity, which obviously limits their clinical application. Shengmai injection is a modern injection form of traditional Chinese medicine widely used for heart failure, myocardial infarction, cardiogenic shock, and cardiotoxicity patients in China. Therefore, we design this systematic review andmeta-analysis to assess the effectiveness and safety of Shengmai injection for treating ADM-related cardiotoxicity. Methods: We will methodically search PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Science Network, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, Chinese Journal Database, and China Biomedical Literature Database, in order to include randomized controlled trials which used Shengmai injection in treating ADM-related cardiotoxicity up to September 2020. The search strategies will use the following phrase: “Shengmai injection,” “Adriamycin,” “doxorubicin,” “cardiotoxicity,” “cardiomyopathy,” “randomized controlled trial. ” The outcomes included cardiotoxicity rate, echocardiography, electrocardiogram, myocardial enzymes. Two researchers will independently select the study, extract the data and assess the quality by using Stata 14.0 and RevMan 5.3 software. The plan follows the preferred reporting items declared by the systematic review and meta-analysis plan, and the complete systematic review will follow the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) statement. Conclusion: The effectiveness and safety of Shengmai injection will be assessed in treating ADM-related cardiotoxicity which can give some evidence for clinical decision making. Trial registration number: INPLASY202090040 Abbreviations: MD = mean difference, DOX = doxorubicin, ADM = Adriamycin, RCT = randomized controlled trial, TCM = traditional Chinese medicine.
A protocol for systematic review and meta analysis

Background: Stroke is the main cause of death and disability in the world and insomnia is a common complication of stroke patients. Insomnia will not only seriously affect the prognosis and quality of life of patients with stroke, but even cause the recurrence of stroke. Many studies have proved that acupuncture and moxibustion can effectively improve insomnia symptoms. This study will systematically evaluate the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture combined with moxibustion in treating insomnia after stroke. Methods:The following 8 databases will be searched from the inception to October 31, 2020, including China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database (CNKI), Chinese Scientific Journal Database (VIP database), China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), Wanfang Data Chinese Database, PubMed, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Allied and Alternative Medicine Database (AMED), Excerpt Medica Database (Embase). We will also search for ongoing trials from the World Health Organization International Clinical Trial Registration Platform search portal, Chinese Clinical Trial Register, Clinical trials.gov. In addition, the reference lists of studies meeting the inclusion criteria will also be searched for achieving the comprehensive retrieval to the maximum. All randomized controlled trials of acupuncture and moxibustion in treating insomnia after stroke will be included. Two reviewers will conduct literature screening, data extraction, and quality evaluation respectively. The main outcome is the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), and the secondary outcomes include clinical efficacy, quality of life, and safety. RevMan V.5. 4.1 will be used for meta-analysis. We will express the results as risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for dichotomous data and mean difference (MD) or standard mean difference (SMD) 95% CIs for continuous data. Results: This study will provide a comprehensive review of the available evidence of acupuncture combined with moxibustion in treating insomnia after stroke. Conclusion: The conclusion of our study will provide the updated evidence to judge the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture combined with moxibustion for the treatment of insomnia after stroke. Trial registration number: PROSPERO CRD42020216720. Abbreviations: CI = confidence interval, MD = standard mean difference, RCT = randomized controlled trial, RR = relative ratio, TCM = traditional Chinese medicine, WMD = weight mean difference.
Impact of Adjuvant Breast Cancer Chemotherapy on Fatigue , Other Symptoms , and Quality of Life

Purpose/Objectives: To identify differences in fatigue, other physical symptoms, and psychological symptoms and their relationship to quality of life (QOL) during chemotherapy and as long as one year after. Design: Longitudinal, descriptive design embedded in a pilot intervention study. Setting: Midwestern urban oncology clinics and patient homes. Sample: 25 Caucasian women, aged 40–65 years (– X = 54.3), with stage I or II breast cancer receiving doxorubicin-based chemotherapy. Short-Form General Health Survey were completed before and after each treatment; 30, 60, and 90 days after the last treatment; and one year after the first treatment. Findings: Fatigue levels were moderately intense during treatments and decreased significantly over time. Sleep disturbances and pain were the most frequent, intense, and distressing other physical symptoms. Anxiety was highest at baseline, and depression was highest during the fourth chemotherapy treatment. Fatigue was correlated with other physical and psychological symptoms at some times during treatments and consistently following treatments. Higher fatigue was associated with lower QOL in several domains. Conclusions: Fatigue is associated with other physical and psychological symptoms that fluctuate during and after treatment. Higher fatigue compromises QOL. Implications for Nursing: Interventions targeting primary or cluster symptoms can reduce the impact of adjuvant chemotherapy on fatigue, other symptoms, and QOL. ➤ Fatigue is a moderately intense symptom during adjuvant breast cancer chemotherapy that decreases, but does not return to low levels for all women, after active treatment. ➤ Higher levels of fatigue are related to lower quality of life in most domains during and after adjuvant breast cancer chemo-therapy.
Keypoints : iter 1 Keypoints : iter 1 Keypoints : iter 1 ... Input Landmarks Initial shape HOG Landmark displacement Regressor !

This paper proposes a novel model fitting algorithm for 3D facial expression reconstruction from a single image. Face expression reconstruction from a single image is a challenging task in computer vision. Most state-of-the-art methods fit the input image to a 3D Morphable Model (3DMM). These methods need to solve a stochastic problem and cannot deal with expression and pose variations. To solve this problem, we adopt a 3D face expression model and use a combined feature which is robust to scale, rotation and different lighting conditions. The proposed method applies a cascaded regression framework to estimate parameters for the 3DMM. 2D landmarks are detected and used to initialize the 3D shape and mapping matrices. In each iteration, residues between the current 3DMM parameters and the ground truth are estimated and then used to update the 3D shapes. The mapping matrices are also calculated based on the updated shapes and 2D landmarks. HOG features of the local patches and displacements between 3D landmark projections and 2D landmarks are exploited. Compared with existing methods, the proposed method is robust to expression and pose changes and can reconstruct higher fidelity 3D face shape.