Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Technology-Supported Guidance Model to Increase the Flexibility, Quality, and Efficiency of Nursing Education in Clinical Practice in Norway: Development Study of the TOPP-N Application Prototype

Background The challenges of nursing shortage in the nursing profession and of limited nursing educational capacity in nursing education in clinical practice need to be addressed to ensure supply according to the demand of these professionals. In addition, communication problems among nursing students, nurse educators, and nurse preceptors; variations in the guidance competence of nurse preceptors; and limited overview from nurse educators on nursing students’ clinical practice are common challenges reported in several research studies. These challenges affect the quality of nursing education in clinical practice, and even though these problems have been highlighted for several years, a recent study showed that these problems are increasing. Thus, an approach is required to ensure the quality of nursing education in clinical practice. Objective We aimed to develop a guidance and assessment application to meet the challenges reported in clinical practice. The application intended to increase the flexibility, quality, and efficiency of nursing education in clinical practice. Furthermore, it intended to increase interactive communication that supports guidance and ensure structured evaluation of nursing students in clinical practice. Methods This study employed a multidisciplinary user-participatory design. Overall, 23 stakeholders from the project team (ie, 5 researchers, 2 software developers, 1 pedagogical advisor, and 15 user representatives [4 educators, 6 preceptors, and 5 students]) participated in a user-centered development process that included workshops, intervention content development, and prototype testing. Results This study resulted in the creation of the Technology-Optimized Practice Process in Nursing (TOPP-N) guidance and assessment application for use as a supportive tool for nursing students, nurse preceptors, and nurse educators in clinical practice. The development process included the application’s name and logo, technical architecture, guidance and assessment module, and security and privacy. Conclusions This study offers insights into the development of an evidence-based technological tool to support nursing students, nurse preceptors, and nurse educators in clinical practice. Furthermore, the developed application has the potential to meet several challenges reported in nursing education in clinical practice. After a rigorous development process, we believe that the TOPP-N guidance and assessment application prototype is now ready to be tested in further intervention studies.
Using experimental data from a balloon experiment to assess optical performance

Recent measurements of atmospheric optical turbulence from a novel balloon experiment showed some atmospheric turbulence behaviors that departed significantly from the Kolmogorov theory. In many cases, at various altitudes, the turbulence showed no inertial range scaling, thus assigning a value of C2N to the turbulence was not possible. The actual distributions of the intensity of the turbulence did not match what would be expected from the typical profiles of C2N . To assess the optical effects of the measured turbulence, the temperature data measured by the balloon-mounted equipment is converted to refractive index data using standard, published conversion factors. The resulting refractive index structure functions at the various altitudes are then used to compute phase-perturbations structure functions. These are then used to generate phase screens, which are then used in a wave-optics propagation code to compute the point-spread function of a point source located at the highest elevation of the data set propagating to the lowest elevation of the data set. The results are then compared to similar results for a Clear One profile and a Hufnagel-Valley profile applied to Kolmogorov turbulence. The results indicate that the recently measured turbulence environment is relatively optically benign compared to either Clear One or Hufnagel-Valley.
Technical and Clinical Progress on Robot-Assisted Endovascular Interventions: A Review

Prior methods of patient care have changed in recent years due to the availability of minimally invasive surgical platforms for endovascular interventions. These platforms have demonstrated the ability to improve patients’ vascular intervention outcomes, and global morbidities and mortalities from vascular disease are decreasing. Nonetheless, there are still concerns about the long-term effects of exposing interventionalists and patients to the operational hazards in the cath lab, and the perioperative risks that patients undergo. For these reasons, robot-assisted vascular interventions were developed to provide interventionalists with the ability to perform minimally invasive procedures with improved surgical workflow. We conducted a thorough literature search and presented a review of 130 studies published within the last 20 years that focused on robot-assisted endovascular interventions and are closely related to the current gains and obstacles of vascular interventional robots published up to 2022. We assessed both the research-based prototypes and commercial products, with an emphasis on their technical characteristics and application domains. Furthermore, we outlined how the robotic platforms enhanced both surgeons’ and patients’ perioperative experiences of robot-assisted vascular interventions. Finally, we summarized our findings and proposed three key milestones that could improve the development of the next-generation vascular interventional robots.
Monitoring of the vessel capillary density spatial pattern in epithelium phantom model

Monitoring of the vessel capillary density and blood oxygenation spatial pattern in epithelium is important for shock detection and it's preventing interventions. The challenge is the complex epithelium structure, absorption and scattering of light in the multiple tissue layers. In this paper we describe results of estimating the vessel capillary density pattern in tissue phantoms collecting spatially resolved reflectance spectra. We designed tissue phantom which mimics optical properties of epithelium including microvasculature. Grids grooved in the phantom plates mimicking the blood capillary network containing freshly prepared oxy-hemoglobin solution. The preliminary results shows that the new method can reasonably extracts minor spatial deviations of oxygenation and local volume blood fraction - parameters, directly related to the local vessel density patterns.
Genome-Wide Identiﬁcation and Analysis of the Maize Serine Peptidase S8 Family Genes in Response to Drought at Seedling Stage

: Subtilisin-like proteases (subtilases) are found in almost all plant species and are involved in regulating various biotic and abiotic stresses. Although the literature on subtilases in different plant species is vast, the gene function of the serine peptidase S8 family and its maize subfamily is still unknown. Here, a bioinformatics analysis of this gene family was conducted by describing gene structure, conserved motifs, phylogenetic relationships, chromosomal distributions, gene duplications, and promoter cis-elements. In total, we identiﬁed 18 ZmSPS8 genes in maize, distributed on 7 chromosomes, and half of them were hydrophilic. Most of these proteins were located at the cell wall and had similar secondary and tertiary structures. Prediction of cis-regulatory elements in promoters illustrated that they were mainly associated with hormones and abiotic stress. Maize inbred lines B73, Zheng58, and Qi319 were used to analyze the spatial-temporal expression patterns of ZmSPS8 genes under drought treatment. Seedling drought results showed that Qi319 had the highest percent survival after 14 d of withholding irrigation, while B73 was the lowest. Leaf relative water content (LRWC) declined more rapidly in B73 and to lower values, and the nitrotetrazolium blue chloride (NBT) contents of leaves were higher in Qi319 than in the other inbreds. The qPCR results indicated that 6 serine peptidase S8 family genes were positively or negatively correlated with plant tolerance to drought stress. Our study provides a detailed analysis of the ZmSPS8s in the maize genome and ﬁnds a link between drought tolerance and the family gene expression, which was established by using different maize inbred lines.
Ameliorative Effect of Mannuronate Oligosaccharides on Hyperuricemic Mice via Promoting Uric Acid Excretion and Modulating Gut Microbiota

Mannuronate oligosaccharide (MOS) is α-D-mannuronic acid polymer with 1,4-glycosidic linkages that possesses beneficial biological properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the hypouricemic effect of MOS in hyperuricemic mice and demonstrate the possible protective mechanisms involved. In this research, 200 mg/kg/day of MOS was orally administered to hyperuricemic mice for four weeks. The results showed that the MOS treatment significantly reduced the serum uric acid (SUA) level from 176.4 ± 7.9 μmol/L to 135.7 ± 10.9 μmol/L (p < 0.05). MOS alleviated the inflammatory response in the kidney. Moreover, MOS promoted uric acid excretion by regulating the protein levels of renal GLUT9, URAT1 and intestinal GLUT9, ABCG2. MOS modulated the gut microbiota in hyperuricemic mice and decreased the levels of Tyzzerella. In addition, research using antibiotic-induced pseudo-sterile mice demonstrated that the gut microbiota played a crucial role in reducing elevated serum uric acid of MOS in mice. In conclusion, MOS may be a potential candidate for alleviating HUA symptoms and regulating gut microbiota.
Carrier recombination near threading dislocations in GaN epilayers by low voltage cathodoluminescence

The authors present a low voltage cathodoluminescence (CL) study of as grown GaN and GaN:Si epilayers on sapphire. At 1kV they resolve individual threading dislocations on the sample surface at low temperature (5K), which appear as correlated dark spots. Analysis of CL intensity profiles across individual dislocation cores provides a direct measurement of the exciton and minority carrier diffusion lengths. Using this approach at 5K, an exciton diffusion length of 62±28nm was found for GaN:Si (∼3×1018cm−3) compared with 81±20nm for a nominally undoped n-type GaN (∼1×1016cm−3).
A Surgical Challenge Generated by Colonic Malakoplakia in Disguise as a Locally Advanced Colonic Malignancy—A Case Report

Colonic malakoplakia is an uncommon granulomatous development of cells resulting from the impaired capacity of the mononuclear cells to eliminate the phagocytosed bacteria, and in rare cases it can also affect the gastrointestinal tract. We report the case of a 78-year-old female patient that was admitted to hospital by The Emergency Department with the diagnosis of bowel obstruction, confirmed by the clinical and paraclinical investigations. We decided to surgically manage the case for suspicious symptomatic colonic neoplasm. The histological examination of the surgical specimens revealed colonic malakoplakia, characterized by the presence of the aggregated granular histiocytes and Michaelis-Gutmann bodies. Through this paper, we want to raise awareness for Malakoplakia, which remains an extremely rare disease that may affect multiple organs, and because it does not present specific symptoms or clinical manifestations, the final diagnosis remains the histopathological study. The clinical conduct should be decided after taking into consideration all the aspects of this pathology along with the benefits and risks for the patient.
Defect conduction bands, localization, and temperature-dependent electron emission from Al–Al2O3–Au diodes

The temperature dependence of several phenomena connected with voltage-controlled negative resistance (VCNR) of Al–Al2O3–Au diodes has been measured between 200 and 300 K. These include the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics, electroluminescence (EL), and electron emission into vacuum (EM) of diodes with 12–20 nm of anodic Al2O3. There is an abrupt decrease in EM by 3 orders of magnitude as temperature decreases from 285 to 280 K. EM recovers to the same magnitude as at 300 K at ∼260 K and is nearly constant between 260 and 200 K. The lower temperature at which EM recovers depends on the anodizing electrolyte. EM is decoupled from the major conduction mechanism because the voltage for maximum current of the I-V curve and the voltage threshold for EL are nearly constant over the same temperature range. A model is proposed in which defect levels of oxygen vacancies form two defect conduction bands in amorphous Al2O3. The concentration of oxygen vacancies is estimated from measurements of polarization of .
TRIM59 attenuates ox-LDL-induced endothelial cell inflammation, apoptosis, and monocyte adhesion through AnxA2

Background Atherosclerosis (AS), a chronic inflammatory vascular disease, is a cause of heart attack and ischemic stroke. Tripartite motif-containing protein 59 (TRIM59), a member of the tripartite motif family, has been reported to be involved in inflammatory diseases. This study was to investigate the role of TRIM59 in oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced endothelial cells and examine the mechanism of TRIM59. Methods To simulate a cellular model of AS in vitro, varying concentrations of ox-LDL (i.e., 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 µg/mL) were used to treat the human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) for 24 h. The messenger ribonucleic acid (RNA) and protein levels of TRIM59, lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1), and annexin 2 (AnxA2) were examined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blot. The transfection efficacy of overexpression (Ov)-TRIM59 and small-interfering RNA-AnxA2 was examined by RT-qPCR and western blot. Cell counting kit-8 assays, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling staining were used to examine viability, LDH expression, inflammation, and apoptosis in HUVECs. The protein levels of B-cell lymphoma 2, Bcl-2-associated X (BAX), cleaved caspase3, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 were assessed by western blot. Additionally, the adhesion of THP-1 to ox-LDL-induced HUVECs was detected using monocyte adhesion assays and the binding of TRIM59 and AnxA2 was verified by co-immunoprecipitation. Results This study showed that TRIM59 expression was decreased in the ox-LDL-induced HUVECs while LOX-1 expression was increased. After transfection with Ov-TRIM59, TRIM59 in ox-LDL-induced HUVECs was increased, and TRIM59 overexpression alleviated the viability damage, inflammation, and apoptosis of the ox-LDL-induced HUVECs. In addition, THP-1 adhesion to the ox-LDL-induced HUVECs was also suppressed by TRIM59 overexpression. This study also showed that TRIM59 could bind to AnxA2 and promote AnxA2 expression in ox-LDL-stimulated HUVECs. Moreover, the rescue experiments revealed that TRIM59 suppressed the viability damage, inflammation, apoptosis, and monocyte adhesion of the ox-LDL-induced HUVECs via AnxA2. Conclusions TRIM59 protected against ox-LDL-induced AS by binding to AnxA2.
Instability of periodic wavetrains in nonlinear dispersive systems

The defining property of the class of physical systems under consideration herein is that, by striking a balance between nonlinear and frequency-dispersive effects, they can transmit periodic waves of finite amplitude but constant form. For any such system, therefore, in respect of propagation in the x direction relative to a state of rest, the dynamical equations have exact periodic solutions of the form η(x, t) = H(x - ct), say, where c is a constant phase velocity depending on wave amplitude as well as on frequency or wavelength. This paper is concerned with the proposition that in many cases these uniform wavetrains are unstable to small disturbances of a certain kind, so that in practice they will disintegrate if the attempt is made to send them over great distances. The outstanding example only recently brought to light is that finite gravity waves on deep water are unstable: unmistakable experimental evidence of this property is now available, and it has also been demonstrated analytically. In §2 the essential factors leading to instability are explained in general terms. A disturbance capable of gaining energy from the primary wave motion consists of a pair of wave modes at side-band frequencies and wavenumbers fractionally different from the fundamental frequency and wavenumber. In consequence of a nonlinear effect on these modes counteracting the detuning effect of dispersion on them, they are forced into resonance with second-harmonic components of the primary motion and thereafter their amplitudes grow mutually at a rate that is exponential in time or distance. In §3 a detailed stability analysis is presented for wavetrains on water of arbitrary depth h, and it is shown that they are unstable if the fundamental wavenumber k satisfies kh > 1·363, but are otherwise stable. Finally, in §4, some experimental results regarding the instability of deep-water waves are discussed, and a few prospective applications to other specific systems are reviewed.
The Map Room: A Structured Process for Prediction of Convection Associated with Split Cold Fronts

A split cold front is a katafront characterized by cold, dry air that advances ahead of the surface cold front by several hundred kilometers, resulting in a warm occlusion structure (Browning 1985). A cold front aloft (CFA) as defined by Hobbs et al. (1990) is quite similar to the Browning model of a split front, but a pressure trough (typically a dryline, or “drytrough”) replaces the surface cold front. These nonclassical frontal systems are prolific producers of heavy precipitation and severe thunderstorms, since they act both to increase the potential instability and provide for the lifting mechanism (the associated frontal circulation) to release this instability (Locatelli et al. 1995).
Numerical and Experimental Study of a Lattice Structure for Orthopedic Applications

Prosthetic reconstructions provide anatomical reconstruction to replace bones and joints. However, these operations have a high number of short- and long-term complications. One of the main problems in surgery is that the implant remains in the body after the operation. The solution to this problem is to use biomaterial for the implant, but biomaterial does not have the required strength characteristics. The implant must also have a mesh-like structure so that the bone can grow into the implant. The additive manufacturing process is ideal for the production of such a structure. The study deals with the correlation between different prosthetic structures, namely, the relationship between geometry, mechanical properties and biological additivity. The main challenge is to design an endoprosthesis that will mimic the geometric structure of bone and also meet the conditions of strength, hardness and stiffness. In order to match the above factors, it is necessary to develop appropriate algorithms. The main objective of this study is to augment the algorithm to ensure minimum structural weight without changing the strength characteristics of the lattice endoprosthesis of long bones. The iterative augmentation process of the algorithm was implemented by removing low-loaded ribs. A low-loaded rib is a rib with a maximum stress that is less than the threshold stress. Values within the range (10, 13, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 and 20 MPa) were taken as the threshold stress. The supplement to the algorithm was applied to the initial structure and the designed structure at threshold stresses σf = 10, 13, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 and 20 MPa. A Pareto diagram for maximum stress and the number of ribs is plotted for all cases of the design: original, engineered and lightened structures. The most optimal was the designed “lightweight” structure under the condition σf = 17 MPa. The maximum stress was 147.48 MPa, and the number of ribs was 741. Specimens were manufactured using additive manufacturing and then tested for four-point bending.
Anthropogenic NOx Emission Estimations over East China for 2015 and 2019 Using OMI Satellite Observations and the New Inverse Modeling System CIF-CHIMERE

The Chinese government introduced regulations to control emissions and reduce the level of NOx pollutants for the first time with the 12th Five-Year Plan in 2011. Since then, the changes in NOx emissions have been assessed using various approaches to evaluate the impact of the regulations. Complementary to the previous studies, this study estimates anthropogenic NOx emissions in 2015 and 2019 over Eastern China using as a reference the Hemispheric Transport of Air Pollution (HTAP) v2.2 emission inventory for 2010 and the new variational inversion system the Community Inversion Framework (CIF) interfaced with the CHIMERE regional chemistry transport model and OMI satellite observations. We also compared the estimated NOx emissions with the independent Multi-resolution Emission Inventory for China (MEIC) v1.3, from 2015. The inversions show a slight global decrease in NOx emissions (in 2015 and 2019 compared to 2010), mainly limited to the most urbanized and industrialized locations. In the locations such as Baotou, Pearl River Delta, and Wuhan, the estimations in 2015 compared to 2010 are consistent with the target reduction (10%) of the 12th Five-Year Plan. Comparisons between our emission estimates and MEIC emissions in 2015 suggest that our estimates likely underestimate the emission reductions between 2010 and 2015 in the most polluted locations of Eastern China. However, our estimates suggest that the MEIC inventory overestimates emissions in regions where MEIC indicates an increase of the emissions compared to 2010.
The Phospholipase A2 Superfamily: Structure, Isozymes, Catalysis, Physiologic and Pathologic Roles

The phospholipase A2 (PLA2) superfamily of phospholipase enzymes hydrolyzes the ester bond at the sn-2 position of the phospholipids, generating a free fatty acid and a lysophospholipid. The PLA2s are amphiphilic in nature and work only at the water/lipid interface, acting on phospholipid assemblies rather than on isolated single phospholipids. The superfamily of PLA2 comprises at least six big families of isoenzymes, based on their structure, location, substrate specificity and physiologic roles. We are reviewing the secreted PLA2 (sPLA2), cytosolic PLA2 (cPLA2), Ca2+-independent PLA2 (iPLA2), lipoprotein-associated PLA2 (LpPLA2), lysosomal PLA2 (LPLA2) and adipose-tissue-specific PLA2 (AdPLA2), focusing on the differences in their structure, mechanism of action, substrate specificity, interfacial kinetics and tissue distribution. The PLA2s play important roles both physiologically and pathologically, with their expression increasing significantly in diseases such as sepsis, inflammation, different cancers, glaucoma, obesity and Alzheimer’s disease, which are also detailed in this review.
Identification of the X-ray pulsar in Hercules: A new optical pulsar

A series of photographic, photoelectric, and spectroscopic observations beginning 1972 June 1 has led to the optical identification of Her X-l (2U 1705 + 34), a pulsed X-ray source in an eclipsing binary system, with the thirteenth magnitude blue variable star HZ Herculis. The detection of optical pulses at the frequency of the X-ray pulsar on three nights makes the identification conclusive and establishes HZ Her as the second known optical pulsar. The strength of the optical pulses may be correlated with the orbital phase but is not obviously related to the high or low intensity states of the X-ray source.