Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Are News Effects Necessarily Asymmetric? Evidence from Bangladesh Stock Market

The primary objective of this paper is to empirically examine the nature and statistical significance of the news effect on conditional volatility of unpredictable components of stock returns. Daily stock return data of 12 local and multinational companies on Dhaka Stock Exchange Ltd., Bangladesh, for the period 1990 to 2011 were used in this study. The likelihood of asymmetric effects of news on conditional volatility was tested using a set of diagnostics under the Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (GARCH) framework. The results fail to reject the null hypothesis of symmetric effects, thereby suggesting that the conditional volatility of unpredictable components of stock returns is affected equally by positive and negative news. The robustness of the results was further checked by using three widely used asymmetric models, namely exponential GARCH (EGARCH), Glosten, Jagannathan & Runkle (GJR)-GARCH, and a partially non-parametric Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedastic (PNP-ARCH) models. Yet again, the results do not provide any evidence of significant asymmetric effects in the volatility process. In addition, the descriptive results confirm the stylized facts of unpredictable return series such as non-normal distribution, time variant conditional volatility, and persistence in return volatility. Collectively these findings, perhaps, indicate the adequacy of the GARCH (1,1) model in representing the data generating process. A number of regulatory and behavioral factors that are anticipated to be accountable for the absence of asymmetric news effects are underlined. Finally, some policy implications of the results and possible extensions of the present paper are also conveyed. JEL codes: G10, G12, G14
Complex and real unconventional Bose-Einstein condensations in high orbital bands

We perform a theoretical study on the recently observed unconventional Bose-Einstein condensations (UBEC) in the high bands of optical lattices. These exotic states are characterized by complex-valued condensate wave functions with nodal points or real-valued wave functions with nodal lines; thus, they are beyond the ''no-node'' theorem of conventional BECs. A quantum phase transition is driven by the competition between the single-particle band and interaction energies. The complex UBECs spontaneously break time-reversal symmetry, exhibiting a vortex-antivortex lattice structure.
Decoherence in two-dimensional quantum random walks with traps

Quantum random walk in a two-dimensional lattice with randomly distributed traps is investigated. Distributions of quantum walkers are evaluated dynamically for the cases of Hadamard, Fourier, and Grover coins, and quantum to classical transition is examined as a function of the density of the traps. It is shown that traps act as a serious and additional source of quantum decoherence. Furthermore, nontrivial temporal dependence of the standard deviation of the probability distribution of the walker is found when the trapping imperfections are introduced.
Bergman spaces on some tube-type domains and Laguerre operators on symmetric cones.

The notion of Laguerre polynomials and hypergeometric functions can be generalized to Symmetrie cones [He], [Mu], and the hypergeometric operator (0.1) is replaced by the so-called Muirhead operators. On the other hand it is no longer true that all Laguerre polynomials are hypergeometric functions and the Muirhead operators are no longer sufficient to separate the Laguerre polynomials into different eigenspaces.
Stability and Quasinormal Modes of Black holes in Tensor-Vector-Scalar theory: Scalar Field Perturbations

Department of Astronomy, Faculty of Physics, St. Kliment Ohridski University of Soﬁa, 1164 Soﬁa, Bulgaria andTheoretical Astrophysics, Eberhard Karls University of T¨ubingen, Tu¨bingen 72076, Germany(Received January 5, 2011; Published)The imminent detection of gravitational waves will trigger precision tests of gravity throughobservations of quasinormal ringing of black holes. While General Relativity predicts just two po-larizations of gravitational waves, the so-called plus and cross polarizations, numerous alternativetheories of gravity predict up to six diﬀerent polarizations which will potentially be observed incurrent and future generations of gravitational wave detectors. Bekenstein’s Tensor-Vector-Scalar(TeVeS) theory and its generalization fall into one such class of theory that predict the full gamutof six polarizations of gravitational waves. In this paper we begin the study of quasinormal modes(QNMs) in TeVeS by studying perturbations of the scalar ﬁeld in a spherically symmetric back-ground. We show that, at least in the case where superluminal propagation of perturbations isnot present, black holes are generically stable to this kind of perturbation. We also make a uniqueprediction that, as the limit of the various coupling parameters of the theory tend to zero, the QNMspectrum tends to 1/√2 times the QNMspectrum induced by scalar perturbations of a Schwarzschildblack hole in General Relativity due to the intrinsic presence of the background vector ﬁeld. Wefurther show that the QNM spectrum does not vary signiﬁcantly from this value for small values ofthe theory’s coupling parameters, however can vary by as much as a few percent for larger, but stillphysically relevant parameters.
Carcinoma Breast: Correlation of Immunohistohemical Expression of Cyclin D1 and Its Correlation with Clinicopathological Parameters in Indian Patients at Tertiary Care Hospital

Aim: To study the prevalence of Cyclin D1 expression and its correlation with other clinicopathological parameters like age, tumor size, lymph node status, MBR grade, and expression of other immunohistochemical markers like ER, PR, Her 2 - neu, and Ki67. Material and Methods: Thirty cases diagnosed were included in the study. All the cases were subjected to routine histopathology along with IHC for ER PR, Her2-neu, Ki67, and Cyclin D1. Results: CylinD1 positivity was found in 70% of cases. Our study presented the following distribution of cases Luminal A, N = 6(20%), Luminal B, N = 5(16.7%), Triple-negative, N = 10(33.3%), Normal Like = 7(23.3%), Her2/neu enriched = 2(6.7%). N = 4(40%) of triple-negative molecular subtype were positive for the cyclin D1. Cyclin D1 positivity showed a strong correlation with ER, PR, Her2-neu, and Ki67 status. However, no other significant correlation was found with other factors. Conclusion: This study shows a positive correlation of CyclinD1 with many other prognostic markers like molecular subtype, ER, PR, Her2/neu, and Ki67. With the advent of CD4/6 inhibitors and their potential therapeutic effects in breast carcinoma, Cyclin D1 becomes a potential prognostic IHC marker and can aid in patient management in cases of breast carcinoma. Its association with other established markers and clinicopathological parameters needs to be researched thoroughly.
Bayesian Tree-Structured Two-Level Clustering for Nested Data Analysis

Abstract Data integration plays a crucial role in the era of big data. The nested data are a combined set of observations from multiple sources and exhibit heterogeneity both at the source level and at the observational level. The complex nature makes it challenging to reasonably visualize and jointly analyze the nested data. In this article, we present a nonparametric Bayesian model to implement the tree-structured two-level clustering for nested data analysis. The two-level clustering is used to tease out the heterogeneity existing in the sources and observations, while a tree-structured prior is employed to model the latent hierarchy for clusters at the observational level. The proposed Bayesian model is flexible as it does not require an exact specification of cluster numbers or tree width/depth, and it can automatically learn the underlying tree structures among clusters of observations, thus, offering an insightful visualization of the nested data. We further provide a rigorous posterior sampling scheme via the partially collapsed Gibbs sampler and show the performance of the proposed method using simulation studies. Finally, the applications to two different types of nested data (multi-source image data and multi-subject single-cell expression data) demonstrate the advantages of the proposed Bayesian method. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Enhanced breadth first search-based routing in wireless sensor networks

A wireless sensor network WSN is one of the most fundamental wireless communication models. In this paper, we deal with an energy-aware routing based on a breadth first search BFS in a WSN. Preliminary experiments have shown that such BFS-based routing provides no remarkable result. This paper aims at its enhancement. First, we define throughput for each transmission range. To improve it, we propose the next hop change procedures and a lower energy node relay avoidance. Simulation experiments show that such enhancement improves throughput as well as the first death node time to some extent.
Systematic investigation of influence of n-type doping on electron spin dephasing in CdTe

We used time-resolved Kerr rotation technique to study the electron spin coherence in a comprehensive set of bulk CdTe samples with various concentrations of electrons that were supplied by n-type doping. The electron spin coherence time of 40 ps was observed at temperature of 7 K in p-type CdTe and in n-type CdTe with a low concentration of electrons. The increase of the concentration of electrons leads to a substantial prolongation of the spin coherence time, which can be as long as 2.5 ns at 7 K in optimally doped samples, and to a modification of the g factor of electrons. The influence of the concentration of electrons is the most pronounced at low temperatures but it has a sizable effect also at room temperature. The optimal concentration of electrons to achieve the longest spin coherence time is 17-times higher in CdTe than in GaAs and the maximal low-temperature value of the spin coherence time in CdTe is 70 times shorter than the corresponding value in GaAs. Our data can help in cross-checking the predictions of various theoretical models that were suggested in literature as an explanation of the observed non-monotonous doping dependence of the electron spin coherence time in GaAs.
Managing Risk in a Post-COVID-19 Economy: Investors’ Perception of Lagos State Real Estate Sector

Purpose: As the global community continues to grapple with the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic, there is a prospect of negative/undesirable business outcomes in Nigeria. The scourge has been a regular topic of discussion in businesses, policy-making, and the academic community in many countries around the world. The pandemic has introduced a novel systematic risk class in the real estate sector. This study investigated how real estate investors in Lagos State perceive the emerging business climate following the pandemic. Methodology: The study had a population of 2,400 while a sample size of 240 was drawn using a 10% rate. The study adopted a descriptive survey design. The statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to analyze data collected through questionnaires. Findings: The findings showed that COVID-19 had a significant relationship with the level of investment in real estate in Lagos State though at a weak linear associative level. Secondly, while risk managers in these sectors have adopted different strategies to minimize their risk exposures, the study revealed that funds providers are placing a higher risk premium on investible capital as a result of uncertainties in the economic outlook occasioned by the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the study shows that the demand for real estate property in Lagos State was not negatively affected to a significant extent as a result of the pandemic, but rather a shift in preferences by property owners and occupiers. The study has implications for taxation and housing policy as well as business planning decisions. Recommendation: The study recommends that government should create a favorable investment climate for real estate investors with appropriate risk mitigation measures that can reactivate the real estate sector while aiding its recovery from the COVID-19 debilitations.
Psychologia stosowana od Witmera do współczesności

Applied Psychology –From Witmer to Modernity This work, inspired by the symbolic “centenary”of Polish psychology has been dedicated to the emergence and development of applied psychology. The main protagonist of applied psychology, and clinical psychology in particular, has been, in the author’s opinion, Lightner Witmer (1867–1956), an American psychologist promoting the clinical method of getting to know the patient through a direct contact of the psychologist with the maladjusted, including contact in their everyday environment. Witmer’s message, supported by the new ideas of the systems theory, environmental psychology and the spreading concepts of social psychology, can be all found in what is currently expected from psychologists. Applied psychology is not only a “bridge”between the theory of psychology and professional practice, but most of all, it remains a science directed towards practice, open to the contemporary challenges; a science that accepts the necessity to adjust the ethos of the profession and the new tasks of environmental work for the improvement of health and the quality of life.
Frequency modulation of spin torque oscillator pairs

The current controlled modulation of nanocontact based spin torque oscillator (STO) pairs is studied in both the synchronized and nonsynchronized states. The synchronized state shows a well behaved modulation and demonstrates robust mutual locking even under strong modulation. The power distribution of the modulation sidebands can be quantitatively described by assuming a single oscillator model. However, in the nonsynchronized state, the modulation sidebands are not well described by the model, indicating interactions between the two individual nanocontact STOs. These findings are promising for potential applications requiring the modulation of large synchronized STO arrays.
Kalman Combining Based Iterative Detection and Decoding for MIMO Systems With Hybrid ARQ

This study proposes Kalman combining-based iterative detection and decoding (KC-IDD) schemes for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems with hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ). The conventional Kalman filtering (KF) operation for Kalman combining performs the linear minimum mean-square error (LMMSE) detection with symbol-level combining (SLC), but it is unable to utilize a priori information of retransmitted symbols. Therefore, a new KF operation is derived, wherein an observation adjustment is employed to adjust the observation for a given state of the state-space model with the a priori information instead of directly utilizing it into the KF operation. Based on the modified KF operation, two KC-IDD schemes are developed: i) KC-IDD with the single-state observation adjustment, i.e., the observation adjustment for the current HARQ round, and ii) KC-IDD with multi-state observation adjustment (KC-IDD-MS), i.e., the observation adjustments throughout the HARQ rounds of a packet. Therefore, the proposed schemes can perform SLC-based LMMSE-IDD, where the complexity for a given number of turbo iterations is similar or smaller to that of the conventional LMMSE-IDD scheme with bit-level combining (BLC). Furthermore, the simulation results show that regardless of the retransmission strategy, the proposed schemes, especially the KC-IDD-MS scheme, outperformed the conventional LMMSE-IDD scheme in terms of error performance and decoding convergence speed for retransmissions.
P Versus NP: More than just a prize problem

In May 2000, the Clay Mathematics Institute (CMI) in Cambridge, MA, put forth seven problems[1], named Millennium Prize problems, and oﬀered $ 1 million for each problem to one who provides a veriﬁed proof. The problems are open to scientists/ researchers/teachers and public in general. P versus NP is one of these problems. However, due to its importance, P versus NP is much more than just a mathematical puzzle, or more appropriately more than a prize problem. It seeks to determine, ﬁnally, which kinds of problems present day computers can solve and which not. The aim of this article is to discuss the importance of P versus NP in academic and social life.
Orbitofrontal Cortex is necessary for the behavioural expression, but not learning, of Pavlovian conditioned inhibition

Orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) lesions cause deficits in flexible behavioural control, most notably response inhibition and has historically been linked to theories of response inhibition. This general inhibition hypothesis of OFC function has since been rejected by evidence that inhibitory behavioural control can be expressed following OFC damage, however the functional role of the OFC in the explicit learning of conditioned inhibition remains untested. Here we test whether muscimol disruption of OFC function during the learning stage of a Pavlovian conditioned inhibition procedure disrupted the learning of conditioned inhibitory associations. Muscimol abolished Inhibitory behavioural control during the learning phase, however learning about the conditioned inhibitor was intact when tested drug free in subsequent summation and retardation tests of conditioned inhibition. Muscimol also significantly impaired acquisition to control cues whose cue-outcome relationship did not change. In a second experiment, conditioned inhibition was found not to play a significant role in cue extinction (non-reinforcement), an effect that was disrupted by intra-OFC infusion of muscimol. These results confirm that the OFC is not functionally necessary for the learning of inhibitory associations but is critical to both the enhancement and suppression of responding when environmental contingencies change.
Violence Victimization on a College Campus: Impact on GPA and School Dropout

Violence against university students has significant impact on their mental health. The impact of violence on students’ academic performance has received little atten-tion. The primary purpose of this study is to examine the impact of sexual and physical/verbal violence on the academic performance of college students. Data from 74 case files of service users of a campus-based Relationship and Sexual Violence Program were examined. Bivariate analysis was used to examine the impact of sexual and physical/verbal victimization on grade point average and leaving school. Students who experienced both physical/verbal and sexual violence experienced significant drop in their grade point average. Students who experienced sexual victimization were more likely to leave the university than students who experienced physical/verbal victimization. Findings indicate that universities would be well served by investing resources in violence prevention programming. violence, sexual assault, adolescent and prevention
Promoting the Development of Intercultural Competence in Higher Education Through Intercultural Learning Interventions

Introduction. This article analyses the impact of an intercultural learning intervention in a Spanish university post-European Higher Education Area implementation. Objective. Our research’s main objective consisted of measuring the development of intercultural competence in the first cohort of a Translation and Intercultural Communication bachelor’s degree in a Spanish university, before and after taking specific courses in intercultural studies and spending a study abroad semester. Methodology. A mixed methodology was implemented, in which the Intercultural Development Inventory (IDI) was used as a measuring instrument. Additionally, in-depth personal interviews were conducted to complement the data obtained. Results. The results of this study show that the programming and sequencing of specific courses, together with experiences abroad, contribute to the development of intercultural competence. Conclusions. More intercultural learning interventions are needed in higher education courses to develop and build an intercultural campus and educate global citizens. When applying intercultural learning interventions and intercultural methodologies, students develop their intercultural competence, a key competence for 21st-century graduates.
Introduced chemokine gradients guide transplanted and regenerated retinal neurons toward their natural position in the retina

Ongoing cell replacement studies and clinical trials have demonstrated the need to control donor and newborn cell behavior within their target tissue. Here we present a methodology to guide stem cell-derived and endogenously regenerated neurons by engineering the microenvironment. Being an “approachable part of the brain,” the eye provides a unique opportunity to study donor neuron fate, migration, and integration within the central nervous system. Glaucoma and other optic neuropathies lead to the permanent loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) – the neurons in the retina that transfer all visual information from the eye to the brain. Cell transplantation and transdifferentiation strategies have been proposed to restore RGCs, and one of the significant barriers to successful RGC integration into the existing retinal circuitry is cell migration towards their natural position in the retina. Here we describe a framework for identifying, selecting, and applying chemokines to direct cell migration in vivo within the retina. We have performed an in silico analysis of the single-cell transcriptome of the developing human retina and identified six receptor-ligand candidates to guide stem cell-derived or newborn neurons. The lead candidates were then tested in functional in vitro assays for their ability to guide stem cell-derived RGCs. For the in vivo studies, donor and newborn neurons were differentiated in human and mouse retinal organoids or endogenously reprogrammed with proneuronal transcription factors, respectively. An exogenous stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF1) gradient led to a 2.7-fold increase in donor RGC migration into the ganglion cell layer and a 3.3-fold increase in the displacement of newborn RGCs out of the inner nuclear layer. Furthermore, by altering the migratory profile of donor RGCs toward multipolar migration, overall migration was improved in mature retinal tissues. Together, these results highlight the ability and importance of engineering the tissue microenvironment and the individual cells for research and clinical applications in gene and cell therapies. Graphical Abstract In brief, the “in silico – in vitro – in vivo” funnel holds significant potential for identifying targets to control cellular processes in research and clinical applications. In this report, Soucy et al. describes a framework for identifying, selecting, and applying chemokines to direct retinal ganglion cell migration in vivo within the adult mouse retina.