Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Þjónustuáhersla og árangur

Rannsóknir sýna að tengsl eru á milli fyrirtækjamenningar (corporate culture), stundum kölluð vinnustaðamenning, og árangurs skipulagsheilda. Þá hefur verið kannað hvort menning sem einkennist af því að veita góða þjónustu hafi tengsl við árangur og sýna rannsóknir að svo er en vert er að hafa í huga að árangur er metinn með ýmsum hætti. Slík menning (service orientation) hefur gengið undir ýmsum heitum svo sem eins og þjónustuhneigð og þjónustumiðun en í þessari grein er notað orðið þjónustuáhersla. Í greininni er fengist við tvær rannsóknarspurningar, annars vegar hvort hægt sé að nota gögn úr mælingum á fyrirtækjamenningu þar sem mælitæki kennt við Denison (DOC‘s) er notað til að leggja mat á þjónustuáherslu, og hins vegar hvaða tengsl séu á milli þjónustuáherslu og árangurs. Gögnin sem notuð eru byggja á sjálfstæðum rannsóknum sem unnar hafa verið í samstarfi við fyrirtæki og stofnanir sl. 15 ár en í gagnagrunninum liggja fyrir mælingar frá 68 skipulagsheildum og er heildarfjöldi svara, þegar þessi rannsókn er gerð, 6.039. Í þessari rannsókn er stuðst við gögn frá níu fyrirtækjum þar sem gagnaöflun átti sér stað árin 2019 og 2020. Gögnin voru sett í einn gagnagrun og eftir hreinsum þeirra stóðu eftir 875 gild svör. Niðurstöður sýna að 23 spurningar úr DOC‘s náðu yfir 30 af 35 spurningum úr SERV*OR en það mælitæki hefur verið sérhannað í þeim tilgangi að leggja mat á þjónustuáherslu og er haft til viðmiðunar hér. Greiningar sýndu að mat á innri áreiðanleika var gott (α = 0,94), margar spurningarnar höfðu fylgni sín á milli sem var hærri en 0,3 og engar höfðu fylgni sín á milli sem var hærri en 0,7. Þá sýndu niðurstöður að þjónustuáhersla sem byggir á DOC‘s útskýrir 47% af breytileikanum í árangri sem meðaltal af þeim sex árangursþáttum sem notaðir eru í DOC‘s. Sterkust eru tengslin við árangursþættina starfsánægju (R2 = 0,40; β = 0,64) og heildarframmistöðu (R2 = 0,40; β = 0,63) en veikust við hagnað/afkomu (R2 = 0,14; β = 0,37). Helstu takmarkanir rannsóknarinnar eru þær að gögnin koma frá fyrirtækjum sem öll hafa skarað fram úr á sínu sviði og fengið margvíslega viðurkenningar fyrir árangur í starfi. Niðurstöðurnar segja því lítið um tengsl þjónustuáherslu við frammistöðu hjá fyrirtækjum sem standa sig síður og eða eru með veikari menningu. Frekari rannsóknir snúa þá að því að skoða slíkan samanburð sem og að greina betur þau sterku tengsl sem eru á milli þjónustuáherslu og starfsánægju.
Mechanisms of Ferroptosis and Emerging Links to the Pathology of Neurodegenerative Diseases

Neurodegenerative diseases are a diverse class of diseases attributed to chronic progressive neuronal degeneration and synaptic loss in the brain and/or spinal cord, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and multiple sclerosis. The pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases is complex and diverse, often involving mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and epigenetic changes. However, the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases has not been fully elucidated. Recently, accumulating evidence revealed that ferroptosis, a newly discovered iron-dependent and lipid peroxidation-driven type of programmed cell death, provides another explanation for the occurrence and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we provide an overview of the process and regulation mechanisms of ferroptosis, and summarize current research progresses that support the contribution of ferroptosis to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. A comprehensive understanding of the emerging roles of ferroptosis in neurodegenerative diseases will shed light on the development of novel therapeutic technologies and strategies for slowing down the progression of these diseases.
Deformation of Copper Nanowire under Coupled Tension–Torsion Loading

Metallic nanowires (NWs) are essential building blocks for flexible electronics, and experience different deformation modes due to external mechanical loading. Using atomistic simulations, this work investigated the deformation behavior of copper nanowire under coupled tension–torsion loading. A transition in both yielding pattern and dislocation pattern were observed with varying torsion/tension strain ratios. Specifically, increasing the torsion/tension strain ratio (with larger torsional strain) triggered the nucleation of different partial dislocations in the slip system. At low torsion/tension strain ratios, plastic deformation of the nanowire was dominated by stacking faults with trailing partial dislocations pinned at the surface, shifting to two partial dislocations with stacking faults as the strain ratio increases. More interestingly, the NW under tension-dominated loading exhibited a stacking fault structure after yielding, whereas torsion-dominated loading resulted in a three-dimensional dislocation network within the structure. This work thus suggests that the deformation behavior of the NW varies depending on the coupled mechanical loading, which could be beneficial for various engineering applications.
Tilting of the contextual filling line and the magnitude of the filled/unfilled illusion

In the filled/unfilled (or the Oppel-Kundt) illusion, for most observers the empty part of the stimulus appears shorter than the filled one of the same length. Although the phenomenon of the filled/unfilled illusion is rather well studied, there is still no consensus among researchers regarding its occurrence and features. It is known that uniformity and regular distribution of the filling elements can be critical for the illusion manifestation: if the elements are irregularly spaced or unequal in height, thickness, or luminance, then the effect of the illusion is less apparent. This tilting of the contextual filling line should significantly influence the magnitude of the filled/unfilled illusion, what, in turn, can provide a valuable information concerning the properties of spatial distribution of contextual interactions within the relevant visual area. There was orginized experiments and results confirmed the validity of our model. The data of the psychophysical experiments showed the curve similar to a Difference-of-Gaussians function. Such the result is consistent with our modeling and supports the suggestion on the presence of some area of spatial integration in closed vicinity of the stimulus axis.
A Case of Posttraumatic Pott’s Disease

Tuberculosis infection, which is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), most commonly manifests in patients with respiratory systems. However, it can also colonize other tissues including skeletal. In our case, a 77-year-old Caucasian male presented to the emergency department following a rollover motor vehicle collision with chief complaints of neck and lower back pain. After clinical improvement and a preliminary negative workup, the patient was deemed stable for discharge. Four months later, the patient was subsequently admitted for worsening back pain with workup suspicious for T9 and T10 discitis osteomyelitis and abscess formation on computed tomography (CT). During this admission, spinal Mtb was confirmed by acid-fast stain and real-time polymerase chain reaction of a CT-guided disc space aspirate of a left paraspinal cystic collection at approximately T9-T10. Given these findings, the patient was subsequently put on standard four-drug therapy for Mtb. Our case demonstrates the importance of considering Pott’s disease in the diagnosis of lumbar spinal pain, especially in patients living in areas with high international migration and travel.
Associations Between DNA Methylation Age Acceleration, Depressive Symptoms, and Cardiometabolic Traits in African American Mothers From the InterGEN Study

Background: African American women (AAW) have a high risk of both cardiometabolic (CM) illness and depressive symptoms. Depressive symptoms co-occur in individuals with CM illness at higher rates than the general population, and accelerated aging may explain this. In this secondary analysis, we examined associations between age acceleration; depressive symptoms; and CM traits (hypertension, diabetes mellitus [DM], and obesity) in a cohort of AAW. Methods: Genomic and clinical data from the InterGEN cohort (n = 227) were used. Age acceleration was based on the Horvath method of DNA methylation (DNAm) age estimation. Accordingly, DNAm age acceleration (DNAm AA) was defined as the residuals from a linear regression of DNAm age on chronological age. Spearman’s correlations, linear and logistic regression examined associations between DNAm AA, depressive symptoms, and CM traits. Results: DNAm AA did not associate with total depressive symptom scores. DNAm AA correlated with specific symptoms including self-disgust/self-hate (−0.13, 95% CI −0.26, −0.01); difficulty with making decisions (−0.15, 95% CI −0.28, −0.02); and worry over physical health (0.15, 95% CI 0.02, 0.28), but were not statistically significant after multiple comparison correction. DNAm AA associated with obesity (0.08, 95% CI 1.02, 1.16), hypertension (0.08, 95% CI 1.01, 1.17), and DM (0.20, 95% CI 1.09, 1.40), after adjustment for potential confounders. Conclusions: Associations between age acceleration and depressive symptoms may be highly nuanced and dependent on study design contexts. Factors other than age acceleration may explain the connection between depressive symptoms and CM traits. AAW with CM traits may be at increased risk of accelerated aging.
Performance of DNA Methylation on the Molecular Pathogenesis of Helicobacter pylori in Gastric Cancer; targeted therapy approach

Gastric cancer (GC) is a significant cause of cancer mortality which has led to focused exploration of the pathology of GC. The advent of genome-wide analysis methods has made it possible to uncover genetic and epigenetic fluctuation such as abnormal DNA methylation in gene promoter regions that is expected to play a key role in GC. The study of gastric malignancies requires an etiological perspective, and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) was identified to play a role in GC. H. pylori infection causes chronic inflammation of the gastric epithelium causing abnormal polyclonal methylation, which might raise the risk of GC. In the last two decades, various pathogenic factors by which H. pylori infection causes GC have been discovered. Abnormal DNA methylation is triggered in several genes, rendering them inactive. In GC, methylation patterns are linked to certain subtypes including microsatellite instability. Multiple cancer-related processes are more usually changed by abnormal DNA methylation than through mutations, according to current general and combined investigations. Furthermore, the amount of acquired abnormal DNA methylation is heavily linked to the chances of developing GC. Therefore, we investigated abnormal DNA methylation in GC and the link between methylation and H. pylori infection.
A Role for Neuropeptide S in Alcohol and Cocaine Seeking

The neuropeptide S (NPS) is the endogenous ligand of the NPS receptor (NPSR). The NPSR is widely expressed in brain regions that process emotional and affective behavior. NPS possesses a unique physio-pharmacological profile, being anxiolytic and promoting arousal at the same time. Intracerebroventricular NPS decreased alcohol consumption in alcohol-preferring rats with no effect in non-preferring control animals. This outcome is most probably linked to the anxiolytic properties of NPS, since alcohol preference is often associated with high levels of basal anxiety and intense stress-reactivity. In addition, NPSR mRNA was overexpressed during ethanol withdrawal and the anxiolytic-like effects of NPS were increased in rodents with a history of alcohol dependence. In line with these preclinical findings, a polymorphism of the NPSR gene was associated with anxiety traits contributing to alcohol use disorders in humans. NPS also potentiated the reinstatement of cocaine and ethanol seeking induced by drug-paired environmental stimuli and the blockade of NPSR reduced reinstatement of cocaine-seeking. Altogether, the work conducted so far indicates the NPS/NPSR system as a potential target to develop new treatments for alcohol and cocaine abuse. An NPSR agonist would be indicated to help individuals to quit alcohol consumption and to alleviate withdrawal syndrome, while NPSR antagonists would be indicated to prevent relapse to alcohol- and cocaine-seeking behavior.
Joint Biological ID : A Secure and Efficient Lightweight Biometric Authentication Scheme

Biometric applications makes biometric authentication replace the traditional password in many cases. Biometric recognition technology has the advantages of convenience and high stability, facilitating identity recognition. However, the shortcoming of biometric authentication is easy to be stolen and leaked, which raises security concerns. In this paper, we design a lightweight joint biometric authentication scheme (SELBA) based on face and fingerprint. We improve searchable encryption (SE) to protect the privacy security of extracted biometric features in the storage and authentication stage. Because of the problem that biometric features cannot be changed or retrieved once leaked in existing schemes, we propose a cancelable mechanism to reconstruct stolen or damaged biometric templates. Moreover, we make a complete security analysis of the SELBA to meet the confidentiality, renewability, revocability, irreversibility and unlinkability of template in biometric recognition. Meanwhile, we conduct experiments on real data sets to show that SELBA is secure, efficient and easy to use in practical application scenarios.
Electroacupuncture on Hemifacial Spasm and Temporomandibular Joint Pain Co-Morbidity: A Case Report

Hemifacial spasm (HFS) and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain are common facial diseases which cause depression, anxiety, insomnia, and poor quality of life. However, currently there are still no effective therapies to treat HFS and TMJ. Electroacupuncture (EA) has advantages of safety, rapid work, easy operation and convenience. Here, we reported a case of a 50-year-old woman who presented with irregular spasm of eyelids and facial muscles on the left side, and TMJ pain on the right side. The patient had been treated with carbamazepine (20mg per day) and alternative therapies for a year, but still not much improvement in the symptoms. The scores of the Jankovic Rating Scale (JRS), global rating scale (GRS), and visual analog scale (VAS) were 7, 60, and 7 points, respectively. The EMG test showed that the spastic side had higher R1 amplitude, longer R2 duration, and larger R2 area than the non-spasmodic side, and the occurrence rate of the lateral spread responses (LSR) in the Orbicularis oris and the Orbicularis oculi muscle was 60% and 40%, respectively. We considered this patient had left HFS and right TMJ pain. EA was successfully undertaken for two periods over 30 weeks. After EA, JRS and VAS were reduced sharply, and the symptoms of HFS were stable without recurrence. However, the frequency of the lower eyelid increased gradually during the 6-month follow-up. These findings reveal that EA with the frequency of 2 Hz and intensity of ~ 1–2 mA may be a benefit for alleviating symptoms of HFS and TMJ pain without adverse reaction. The potential mechanisms of EA in HFS and TMJ pain co-morbidity involve brain stem mechanism and DNIC mechanism for distal acupuncture and segmental mechanism for local acupuncture analgesia.
Promote Green Innovation in Manufacturing Enterprises in the Aspect of Government Subsidies in China

Green innovation is vital for manufacturing enterprises to achieve a balance between economic, environmental and social benefits. This paper empirically investigates the mechanisms of government subsidies, R&D investment and public participatory environmental regulation on green innovation in manufacturing enterprises, selecting a sample of 1308 manufacturing firms listed on Chinese A-shares from 2010–2019. The results show that government subsidies can significantly promote green innovation in manufacturing enterprises, with private enterprises being more pronounced. R&D investment plays a mediating role in green innovation in manufacturing enterprises, while public participatory environmental regulation has a negative impact. The moderating effect of public participatory environmental regulation on government subsidies is different on different green patents, with a more negative effect on green invention patents than on green utility model patents. Public participatory environmental regulation has a negative moderating effect on the green innovation of state-owned manufacturing enterprises while having no significant effect on private manufacturing enterprises.
Comprehensive Comparison of 22C3 and SP263 PD-L1 Expression in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Using Routine Clinical and Conditioned Archives

Simple Summary The PD-L1 22C3 and SP263 assays are routinely used to select patients for immunotherapy in NSCLC, and their IHC expression results demonstrate a strong correlation. However, their interchangeability should be carefully examined when using long-term preserved FFPE blocks more than 3 years or paraffin sections held for more than one week at room temperature conditions, where the PD-L1 sensitivity of SP263 is superior to that of 22C3. Abstract PD-L1 harmonization studies revealed a strong correlation between the 22C3 and SP263 assays in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the assays’ characteristics have yet to be validated in a variety of clinical and analytical settings. The results of 431 NSCLC samples tested concurrently in routine clinical practice with the PD-L1 22C3 and SP263 assays were reviewed, and both assays were performed on 314 archives of surgically resected NSCLCs to assess PD-L1 expression in relation to variables such as FFPE block age and FFPE section storage condition. In routine clinical samples, 22C3 showed the highest concordance rate with 94.5% of SP263 tumor proportion score (TPS) ≥50% and 92.3% of SP263 TPS ≥1%, while SP263 showed a concordance rate with 79.6% of 22C3 TPS ≥50% and 89.9% of 22C3 TPS ≥1%. In the archival analysis, the high TPS of 22C3 and SP263 (versus TPS 1%) were significantly associated with a more recent block (<3 years versus ≥3 years) (p = 0.007 and p = 0.009, respectively). Only the TPS of 22C3 was reduced when FFPE sections were stored at room temperature compared to SP263. However, when stored at 4 °C, the storage duration had no effect on expression in either assay. For 22C3 TPS 1–49 percent and ≥50 percent (OR = 1.73, p = 0.006 and OR = 1.98, p = 0.002, respectively). There was a considerably larger chance of preserved 22C3 expression in recent room-temperature paraffin section storage, although SP263 demonstrated preserved expression in prolonged room-temperature section storage. Despite the good association between PD-L1 22C3 and SP263 in routine clinical samples, FFPE blocks older than 3 years and sections held at room temperature for more than 1 week may result in an underestimation of PD-L1 status, particularly for the 22C3 test. However, the SP263 assay was more sensitive under these conditions.
Formalising the Pathways to Life Using Assembly Spaces

Assembly theory (referred to in prior works as pathway assembly) has been developed to explore the extrinsic information required to distinguish a given object from a random ensemble. In prior work, we explored the key concepts relating to deconstructing an object into its irreducible parts and then evaluating the minimum number of steps required to rebuild it, allowing for the reuse of constructed sub-objects. We have also explored the application of this approach to molecules, as molecular assembly, and how molecular assembly can be inferred experimentally and used for life detection. In this article, we formalise the core assembly concepts mathematically in terms of assembly spaces and related concepts and determine bounds on the assembly index. We explore examples of constructing assembly spaces for mathematical and physical objects and propose that objects with a high assembly index can be uniquely identified as those that must have been produced using directed biological or technological processes rather than purely random processes, thereby defining a new scale of aliveness. We think this approach is needed to help identify the new physical and chemical laws needed to understand what life is, by quantifying what life does.
Treball de Fi de Màster

L'objectiu del Treball Final de Master (TFM) es preparar els estudiants per al futur treball de recerca, ja sigui una tesi doctoral o un projecte de R+D en una empresa. L'avaluacio del TFM de l'alumne no nomes es basa en els continguts del treball en si. Tambe considera altres habilitats fonamentals que ha de tenir un investigador, com poden ser la capacitat de sintesi, la discussio de resultats, la preparacio i exposicio de presentacions orals i l'us apropiat del llenguatge (tant escrit com oral).
Comparison of Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking and Voriconazole Treatments in Experimental Fungal Keratitis for Aspergillus fumigatus

Aims To compare the antifungal efficacy of corneal cross-linking (CXL) and voriconazole in experimental Aspergillus keratitis models. Methods Thirty-nine New Zealand rabbits were divided into three groups: a control group, a voriconazole group (M group), and a voriconazole combined with CXL group (CXL-M group). The ulcer area was measured via slit lamp imaging, the corneal and corneal epithelial thickness, and ulcer depth was measured via anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT). The existence time of the hyphae was observed via in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM), and the cornea was taken for pathological examination after modeling and at the end of the study to determine the hyphae and corneal repair. The observation times were as follows: at successful modeling and at 1, 4, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after intervention. Results In the CXL-M group, ulcer area and depth decreased continuously from Day 4 to Day 28 after CXL (all P < 0.05). In the CXL-M group, ulcer area and depth were smaller than those in the other two groups from Day 4 to Day 21 after CXL (all P < 0.05, except ulcer area in the CXL-M vs. M group on Day 21). The duration of hyphae in the CXL-M group was significantly shorter than in the other two groups (P = 0.025). On Day 28, in CXL-M group, corneal thickness was thicker than baseline (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, in CXL-M group, corneal and corneal epithelial thickness were significantly thinner than in the other two groups (P < 0.001). The CXL-M group had no complications, such as corneal perforation, at the end of the study. Conclusions Voriconazole combined with CXL is effective in treating Aspergillus-infected keratitis. Combined therapy could effectively inhibit Aspergillus, accelerate corneal repair, and shorten the course of the disease.
4.4: Low Efficiency Attenuation and Stable Monochromaticity for Non‐polar M‐plane Micro‐light‐emitting‐diodes (Micro‐LEDs)

In this paper, the gallium nitride (GaN) free‐standing non‐polar m‐plane micro‐LEDs and polar c‐plane micro‐LEDs on patterned sapphire substrate with a 550‐nm emission light were fabricated and characterized. Compared with c‐plane micro‐LEDs suffering from strong quantum confined stark effect (QCSE), the absence of polarization effect in m‐plane devices contributed to a lower efficiency attenuation and narrower peak and color shift with elevating current density. Specifically, the peak wavelength shift for c‐plane and m‐plane micro‐LEDs was 11.81 nm and 8.12 nm respectively from 1 to 500 A/cm2, and the efficiency droop ratio was 50.2% for c‐plane and 27.2% for m‐plane devices from 0.1 to 300 A/cm2. Importantly, our m‐plane micro‐LEDs achieved a stable monochromaticity and wider color gamut under different injection current density (97.9% and 98.2% of Rec. 2020 at 1 and 500 A/cm2).