Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of 11β-HSD1, a key enzyme in the stress management, improves cognition by RL-118 drug treatment

In recent years, stress and stress-coping mechanisms constitute a growing public healthcare issue concerning modern society. Experiencing stress engenders a great complex mechanism named stress response, which consists of a rapid release of catecholamines by the sympathetic nervous system, followed by a slower response in which hormones, mainly glucocorticoids (GCs), are synthesized and released to the bloodstream. Once the stressful stimulus is perceived, the hypothalamus
An efficient generalized sphere decoder for rank-deficient MIMO systems

We derive a generalized sphere decoder (GSD) for rank-deficient multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems using N transmit antennas and M receive antennas. This problem arises when N>M or when the channel gains are strongly correlated. The upper triangular factorization of the Grammian yields an under-determined system and the standard sphere decoding (SD) fails. For constant modulus constellations, we modify the maximum likelihood (ML) cost metric so that the equivalent Grammian is rank N. The resulting GSD algorithm has significantly lower complexity than previous algorithms. A method to handle non-constant modulus constellations is also developed.
Quantitative Measurements of X-Ray Intensity

This chapter describes the characterization of several X-ray sources and their use in calibrating different types of X-ray cameras at National Security Technologies, LLC (NSTec). The cameras are employed in experimental plasma studies at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), including the National Ignition Facility (NIF). The sources provide X-rays in the energy range from several hundred eV to 110 keV. The key to this effort is measuring the X-ray beam intensity accurately and traceable to international standards. This is accomplished using photodiodes of several types that are calibrated using radioactive sources and a synchrotron source using methods and materials that are traceable to the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). The accreditation procedures are described. The chapter begins with an introduction to the fundamental concepts of X-ray physics. The types of X-ray sources that are used for device calibration are described. The next section describes the photodiode types that are used for measuring X-ray intensity: power measuring photodiodes, energy dispersive photodiodes, and cameras comprising photodiodes as pixel elements. Following their description, the methods used to calibrate the primary detectors, the power measuring photodiodes and the energy dispersive photodiodes, as well as the method used to get traceability tomore » international standards are described. The X-ray source beams can then be measured using the primary detectors. The final section then describes the use of the calibrated X-ray beams to calibrate X-ray cameras. Many of the references are web sites that provide databases, explanations of the data and how it was generated, and data calculations for specific cases. Several general reference books related to the major topics are included. Papers expanding some subjects are cited. « less
LCL Interface Filter Design for Shunt Active Power Filters

This paper is focused on finding the parameters of a second order interface filter connected between the power system and the shunt active filter based on switching frequency of the active filter. Many publications on power active filters include various design methods for the interface inductive filter which take into account the injected current and its dynamic. Compared to these ones, the approach presented in this paper is oriented toward the design of the interface filter starting from filter transfer functions by imposing the performances of the filter.
The Greenpeace Book of the Nuclear Age: The Hidden History, the Human Cost

After nearly 20 years monitoring events in the nuclear industry, Greenpeace has now produced an account of nuclear incidents and accidents, civil and military, since the creation of the atom bomb. The central chronolgy of events, backed by explanations of the technicalities, has a cumulative effect made even more powerful by an introductory essay which explores the nature of risk, command and control, official secrecy and public safety. The aim is not to spread doom and gloom. The question is much more one of the individual's right to know whether the nuclear industry is capable of providing a safe environment. John May contributed to Lee Durrell's "State of the Ark" and he has acted as consultant to environmental publications and projects.
Web 2.0 technologies for learning: the current landscape – opportunities, challenges and tensions

This is the first report from research commissioned by Becta into Web 2.0 technologies for learning at Key Stages 3 and 4. This report describes findings from an additional literature review of the then current landscape concerning learner use of Web 2.0 technologies and the implications for teachers, schools, local authorities and policy makers.
Avançando na implantação da logística interna lean: dificuldades e resultados alcançados no caso de uma empresa montadora de veículos

The main purpose of lean production (LP) is to produce more with fewer resources, for example less people, space, time and stock. The lesser quantity of resources on the production system increases the demand for greater quality and flexibility to the internal logistics. However, the amount of articles on the subject is sparse and mainly focused on the first steps of the implementation process. This article had the following objectives: to analyze the internal logistic of a plant that already uses LP practices, to propose and to implement improvements. The method used was an action research that adapts the Harris et al. (2004) guidelines to be used on a company that already use LP practices. As results, the study allowed the solution of several problems before the implementation of the new routes. As results for the company, there were several process improvements, as well as the reduction of direct logistics costs and improvement of the work balancing among routes.
Machine learning model designed to predict the amount of CO2 produced by a small pellet boiler

Emissions, including CO2 emissions, are generated during the combustion process. Perfect combustion of biomass should not lead to the formation of CO, but all carbon should burn perfectly and change to CO2 by the oxidation process. Under real conditions, complete combustion never occurs and part of the carbon is not burned at all or only imperfectly to form CO. The aim of the work was to create a prediction model of machine learning, which allows to predict in advance the amount of CO2 generated during the combustion of wood pellets. This model uses machine learning regression methods. The most accurate model (Gaussian process) showed a root-mean-square error, RMSE = 0.55. The resulting mathematical model was subsequently verified on independent measurements, where the ability of the model to correctly predict the amount of CO2 generated in % was demonstrated. The average deviation of the measured and predicted amount of CO2 represented a difference of 0.53 %, which is 8.8 % of the total measured range (3.08 - 9.2). Such a model can be modified and used in the prediction of other combustion parameters.
A two-dimensional finite element analysis of a shape memory alloy laminated composite plate

The deflection and time response of shape memory alloy laminated composite plate are studied using first order shear deformation theory. The composite plate consists of a thin layer of shape memory alloy bonded to an elastomer layer. The governing equations of the plate are developed using the energy balance equations and a two-dimensional model of the shape memory alloy layer. The finite element is modeled with the first order shear deformation theory and equivalent single layer assumptions. The model is validated by comparing the results of the displacements and time responses with the literature. As a specific example, a cantilever composite plate is used for parametric studies. The effect of material properties, electric input power, thickness, thermal conductivity and heat sink strength on deflection and time response is also investigated.
Stochastic mapping for chemical plume source localization with application to autonomous hydrothermal vent discovery

Abstract : This thesis presents a stochastic mapping framework for autonomous robotic chemical plume source localization in environments with multiple sources. Potential applications for robotic chemical plume source localization include pollution and environmental monitoring, chemical plant safety, search and rescue, anti-terrorism, narcotics control, explosive ordinance removal, and hydrothermal vent prospecting. Turbulent flows make the spatial relationship between the detectable manifestation of a chemical plume source, the plume itself, and the location of its source inherently uncertain. Search domains with multiple sources compound this uncertainty because the number of sources as well as their locations is unknown a priori. Our framework for stochastic mapping is an adaptation of occupancy grid mapping where the binary state of map nodes is redefined to denote either the presence (occupancy) or absence of an active plume source. A key characteristic of the chemical plume source localization problem is that only a few sources are expected in the search domain. The occupancy grid framework allows for both plume detections and non-detections to inform the estimated state of grid nodes in the map, thereby explicitly representing explored but empty portions of the domain as well as probable source locations. However, sparsity in the expected number of occupied grid nodes strongly violates a critical conditional independence assumption required by the standard Bayesian recursive map update rule. While that assumption makes for a computationally attractive algorithm, in our application it results in occupancy grid maps that are grossly inconsistent with the assumption of a small number of occupied cells.
Annular Heating Furnace Temperature Control Based on the Fuzzy-PID Algorithm and Cascade Double-Cross Limiting Control

Annular heating furnace temperature control is a typical and complex industrial process control system,with the characteristics of multivariable,time-varying parameters,nonlinear,coupling, large inertia and pure delay,so it is difficult to obtain satisfactory control effect when using conventional PID control. In view of the above problems, adopting fuzzy PID algorithm and cascade double-cross limiting control, combustion control effect is greatly improved, self-tuning of PID parameters is realized, and control quality is enhanced. The experimental results show that, fuzzy PID control shows good dynamic and steady performance, its control effect is significantly improved when compared with conventional PID control, and it has better overall performance.
Packaged microstrip triplexer with star-junction topology

A planar microstrip triplexer with compact size is proposed. The triplexer is composed of three pairs of bandpass filters and a star-junction. Specifically, the bandpass filters are constructed by stepped hairpin resonators; the coupled feeding is applied to the star-junction, where bandpass filters are connected. Consequently, three passbands will be generated and a wideband insertion loss will be obtained. Furthermore, the triplexer can be integrated into an off-the-shelf package for frequency-division triplex wireless communication systems.
Normal Forms for Kummer Surfaces

We determine normal forms for the Kummer surfaces associated with abelian surfaces of polarization of type $(1,1)$, $(1,2)$, $(2,2)$, $(2,4)$, and $(1,4)$. Explicit formulas for coordinates and moduli parameters in terms of Theta functions of genus two are also given. The normal forms in question are closely connected to the generalized Riemann identities for Theta functions of Mumford's.
The Development of a Time-Related Measure to Describe Driving Strategy

A preview prediction model is used to describe the potential role of a fixed control strategy in automobile driving. On the basis of this model the time-to-line-crossing (TLC) concept was developed, representing the time necessary for the vehicle to reach either edge of the driving lane. An experiment on straight road driving was conducted to analyze whether TLC would be helpful to understand a driver's strategy in an occlusion task. The results indicate a close correspondence between TLC and driver's self-chosen occlusion times. In addition to conventional measures such as lateral position data, TLC seems a valuable description of driving performance.
Design of multiobjective reconfigurable antenna array with discrete phase shifters using multiobjective differential evolution based on decomposition

The reconfigurable design problem is to find the element that will result in a sector pattern main beam with side lobes. The same excitation amplitudes applied to the array with zero phase should be in a high directivity, low‐side lobe pencil‐shaped main beam. This work presents a multiobjective approach to solve this problem. We consider two design objectives: the minimum value for the dual beam and the dynamic range ratio in qualify the entire array radiation pattern in order to achieve the optimal value between the antenna‐array elements. We use a recently developed and very competitive multiobjective evolutionary algorithm, called MOEA/D. This algorithm uses a decomposition approach to convert the problem of approximation of the Pareto Front into a number of single objective optimization problems. We illustrate that the best solutions obtained by the MOEA/D can outperform stat‐of‐art single objective algorithm: generalized generation‐gap model genetic algorithm (G3‐GA) and differential evolution algorithm (DE). In addition, we compare the results obtained by MOEA/D with those obtained by one of the most widely multiobjective algorithm called NSGA‐II and mutliobjective DE. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 22: 675–681, 2012.
The United States Flag: Federal Law Relating to Display and Associated Questions

This report presents, verbatim, the United States "Flag Code" as found in Title 4 of the United States Code and the section of Title 36 which designates the Star-Spangled Banner as the national anthem and provides instructions on how to display the flag during its rendition. The report also addresses several of the frequently asked questions concerning the flag.
SEISMIC ANALYSIS OF A MULTISPAN CONTINUOUS ELEVATED BRIDGE ON DEEP PILE FOUNDATIONS

最近, 規模 の大 きい土木 ・建築構造物 が, わ が国の地 理的条件 から軟弱地盤上 にも深い基礎 を もって建設 され る傾向 にあるが, これ らの構造物 の耐震性 に地盤 との動 的相互作用 の重要性 が認識 され, 多 くの解 析例 が報告 さ れ てい る. この場合, 建設 地の地盤条 件が構造 物の地震 応答 に少 なか らず関与 して くるため, 地震入力を統一的 に とらえる意 味か ら地表面 よ りある深 さの ところ に地震 入力基盤面 を想 定 し, 同位 置で地震動 を入力 させ る手法 が現時点 では多 く採 用 され ている. したが って, 同面 よ り上の領域が耐震解析 の対 象 とな る. 地盤 と構造物 の 動的相互作用解析法は, 大別す ると, (i)地 盤 をその剛性 が振動数 に依 存 しない 一定係数 のば ねで置換 して, 上 下部構造物 を多質点系解析す る方法1), あるいは, (ii)コ ン ピュータ ・プ ログラムFLUSH2)に 代表 され る 有限要素法 による 全体系解析法, (iii)地 盤 イ ンピー ダンス あるい は下部構造イ ン ピー ダンスを使用 す る解析法3)~8), そ の うち地盤 一構造物 系 として直接 に 固有モー ド応答解析 を行 う解析法 を単 にイン ヒ一ダ ンス 法 とい う. 一方, 上部構造物 の固有 モー ド系 と地盤 一基 礎系(あ るい は下部構造 イン ピーダンス)の 連成解 析を 実施す る解析法 を特 に動的 サブ ・ス トラクチ ャ法 と称 す る. 後者 につい ては, 文献6)に 詳 しく述 べたので参照 され たい. 地盤 と構造物 の動的 相互作 用解 析で, 上部構造 物が長 大化 ・複雑化 して くる と, 扱 う自由度数が非常 に膨大 に な り, 一 挙に全体対 象系を解 くことが困難 とな る. そ こ で橋梁構造物 に対 する実務 耐震設計 レベ ル9)では, 次 の 3段 階の解析手 順を採 用 してきている. つま り, (1)地 盤の非線形(ひ ずみ依存性)震 動解析, これ よ り地盤物性 の評価 (II)地 盤-基 礎-簡 易上部構造 物系の解析, これ よ り 上部構造物 への入力地震動評価 (II)上 部構造物 の応答解析, これ よ り変位 ・断面力 の評価 そ して, (I)に 対 しては, SHAKE10)に 代表 され るよ うな等価線形化 に よ る1次 元波動方程式 の 重複反射理 論(II)に 対 して は, 2次 元(平 面 ひず み)モ デルによ る有限要素解析, (III)に 対 しては 骨組構造理論 を適用 す る. ところで, 上記 の解析 の精度 は, ステップ(II) で採用す る上部構造物 の簡易 モデルが適正 にその慣性力 を基礎 にフィー ド・バ ックできるか否 かによる. 特 に各 橋脚 ・基礎 がそれ ぞれ異 なる諸元 を有す る場合, 橋脚 と 橋桁 の連成 が強い場合 では, 単 なるステ ック型 の簡易 モ デルに上部構造物 の動特性 を反映 さ す こ とが 難 しくな る. 一方, 著者 らが適用 している動的 サブ ・ス トラクチ ャ
Comparison between Robustness of Two Fractional–Order PI Controllers for Irrigation Canals

Abstract This paper deals with the design of robust controllers for irrigation canals that undergo large changes in their model parameters: gain, dominant time constant, and time delay. Three controllers are compared: the standard PI controller and two fractional-order PI controllers designed using different methodologies. In order to carry out such study, the experimentally identified model of a pool of our laboratory canal has been used. This model included a nominal dynamics and the ranges of variation of the model parameters. The three controllers were designed for this particular process and simulated results were obtained, which show the robustness features of each controller.
Experimental Investigation of a Piezoelectric Ceramic Transformer Using Radial Vibration of Disks Combined with a Coupling Element

In this paper a new type of piezoelectric ceramic transformer using radial vibration of disks, combined with a coupling element is proposed. The specific merit of this piezoelectric ceramic transformer is that its electrical input impedance is effectively reduced by the radial vibration of disks with a high electromechanical coupling factor. First, the structure of the new piezoelectric ceramic transformer is presented. Next, the experimental results of the input admittance characteristics, gain of step-up voltage and power transmission efficiency of the piezoelectric ceramic transformer which were measured by varying the length of the coupling element are presented. The experimental results proved that the newly proposed piezoelectric ceramic transformer possessed a vibration mode that could realize a low input impedance and power transmission with efficiency of not less than 90% for a high-voltage step-up application.
Ultrafast nanoelectromechanical switches for VLSI power management

Power consumption is a major concern in the present chip design industry. Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) technology scaling has led to an exponential increase in the leakage power. The excessive power dissipation can result in more heat generation, which in turn increases the temperature. According to Intel’s source, power density increased to a value of 1000 W/cm 2 and is approaching the value which is equal to the radiation from the sun’s surface (10000 W/cm 2 ). This leads to reliability issues in nanometer-scale CMOS as Silicon starts melting at 1687K. To resolve this issue, we introduce a novel architecture to design nanoelectromechanical switches and implementation results with virtually zero leakage current, ~1 V operation voltage, ~1 GHz resonant frequency and nanometer-scale footprint. Microelectromechanical Switches (MEMS) have very low “on” and very high “off” resistances. Their switching voltages are usually high (5-50 V), switching speeds are usually low (1 MHz) and their footprints tend to be very large (many um 2 ). We have designed and fabricated devices with very low actuation voltages and very high speed using tuning fork geometry compatible with conventional CMOS fabrication technologies. This unique switch geometry decreases the actuation voltage by a factor of 1.4 and doubles the switching speed. It consists of a cantilever beam that acts as a ground plane. Upon actuation, both the ground plane and the switch’s main beam move towards each other that makes the center of mass stationary during switching and thus, the switching speed doubles.
Effects of light and heavy workload on air traffic tactical operations: a hazard rate model

This paper introduces a class of event history analysis used to examine how the operations of an air traffic controller change under light and heavy traffic workload. The analysis begins by assessing the hazard rate, h(t), of a transition (or spell) between the controller's communication and flight progress activities. h(t) is the instantaneous rate of going from one state (i.e. an activity of communication or flight progress) to another in a unit of time, given that the controller has been in the first state until time t. Results indicated that the spell distribution closely followed a Weibull distribution, a prerequisite for this analysis. The results also indicated that h(t) was more likely regulated by time in heavy than in light workload conditions, and that under heavy workload, indirect speech from the planner controller would decrease the h(t) for communication to flight progress spells. The results suggest that a dynamic model for the analysis of air traffic control may be necessary, and that the.
Analysis of Tracking Performance about DS/FH TT&C Based on Ambiguity Function

After introducing the ambiguity function theory of radar analysis, wideband ambiguity function about Direct Spread/Frequency Hopping (DS/FH) signal is derived out in this paper. From the point of signal simulation ambiguity figure, the tracking performance is studied and analyzed, that includes ambiguity character and signal resolution under the influence of frequency switching time and phase discontinuous. Conclusion shows the following design difficulty based on feasibility in DS/FH TT&C.
Novel Smart Windows Based on Transparent Phosphorescent OLEDs

In this program, Universal Display Corporation (UDC) and Princeton University developed the use of white transparent phosphorescent organic light emitting devices (PHOLEDs{trademark}) to make low-cost ''transparent OLED (TOLED) smart windows'', that switch rapidly from being a highly efficient solid-state light source to being a transparent window. PHOLEDs are ideal for large area devices, and the UDC-Princeton team has demonstrated white PHOLEDs with efficiencies of >24 lm/W at a luminance of 1,000 cd/m{sup 2}. TOLEDs have transparencies >70% over the visible wavelengths of light, but their transparency drops to less than 5% for wavelengths shorter than 350 nm, so they can also be used as ultraviolet (UV) light filters. In addition to controlling the flow of UV radiation, TOLEDs coupled with an electromechanical or electrically activated reflecting shutter on a glass window can be employed to control the flow of heat from infrared (IR) radiation by varying the reflectance/transparency of the glass for wavelengths greater than 800nm. One particularly attractive shutter technology is reversible electrochromic mirrors (REM). Our goal was therefore to integrate two innovative concepts to meet the U.S. Department of Energy goals: high power efficiency TOLEDs, plus electrically controlled reflectors to produce a ''smart window''. Our efforts during this one year program have succeeded in producing a prototype smart window shown in the Fig. I, below. The four states of the smart window are pictured: reflective with lamp on, reflective with lamp off, transparent with lamp on, and transparent with lamp off. In the transparent states, the image is an outdoor setting viewed through the window. In the reflective states, the image is an indoor setting viewed via reflection off the window. We believe that the integration of our high efficiency white phosphorescent TOLED illumination source, with electrically activated shutters represents an innovative low-cost approach to conserving energy, and such innovative approaches are required to drive towards the DOE's goal of a 50% reduction in electric lighting consumption by 2020, and an energy efficient building. Furthermore, the team of UDC and Princeton University is ideally suited to develop and demonstrate this technical approach because of our recognized expertise in the fields of PHOLED and OLED technologies.