Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Examining the Factors Affecting the Voluntary Participation and Effects of Volunteering in the Child Welfare in Türkiye*

Abstract Volunteering is one factors that ensure the development of both individual and social development and social integration. However, participation in volunteering in Türkiye is relatively low, and research on the motivations of volunteers and the effect of volunteering is limited. Although considered one of the factors that will ensure the development of both individual and social development and social integration. Hence, this qualitative inquiry aimed to investigate the factors affecting participation and the effects of voluntary activities in multi-levels in Türkiye’s child welfare field. The study was carried out through in-depth interviews with 25 volunteers. The narratives were analyzed thematically, and two themes were identified including the motivations and effects of volunteering. These themes revealed the significance of understanding the motivations of volunteers at micro-mezzo-macro levels. The key findings suggest that individuals’ personal experiences, family, friends, and the community perspectives can affect their motivation to volunteer. In addition, while volunteering affects the individual biopsychosocial, it also affects societal views. Therefore, future research should be conducted on the importance of volunteering in various social services fields, including family, elderly, disabled, and women, to increase the understanding of volunteering and how it impacts the broader context.
Wpływ pola elektromagnetycznego na przeżywalność, wrażliwość na antybiotyki, i przepuszczalność błony Candida Albicans

Candida albicans is an opportunistic pathogen that causes mycoses of the surface (skin, mucosa) and internal organs. This fungus, among others, adheres to the epithelium and abiotic surfaces (valves, prostheses) and creates difficult-to-heal biofilms. Currently, doctors struggle with the great problem of growing resistance to the widely used antifungal compounds. Although fungi of the genus Candida are the leading etiological agent of opportunistic infections, the number of available and effective antifungal drugs is limited. The search for new antibiotics and ways to combat C. albicans is now of great importance. Our earlier research showed a positive effect of a static magnetic field on C. albicans cells. Cells grown in a DC magnetic field showed reduced growth intensity and increased sensitivity to the antibiotics used - fluconazole and amphotericin B. Therefore, it was decided to continue the research using an 50 Hz magnetic field. ( Effect of the electromagnetic field on survivability, sensitivity to antibiotics and permeability of the Candida Albicans membrane )
EFFECT OF RISPERIDONE ON HEART RATE DYNAMICS OF PATIENTS HAVING SCHIZOPHRENIA

Risperidone is a first-line antipsychotic drug for treating schizophrenia. It has antiadrenergic action but vhas a negligible impact on neurocardiac regulation. However, due to the relationship between cardiac autonomic regulation and a psychotic state, risperidone induces treatment-associated changes in heart rate variability (HRV). This Prospective study was designed to assess the effect of risperidone therapy on the heart rate dynamics of schizophrenic patients. Psychiatry & Medicine Department, Nishtar Medical Hospital, conducted this study from January 2021 to January 2022. After screening, patients with psychosis causing psychosocial impairment (PANSS score 70) were included in the study. Fifteen patients were selected after the screening. All were administered risperidone. A Control group having age and gender-matched subjects was selected, and ECG was done. Data from 15 controls and 15 patients were analyzed. Clinical Global Impressions-Severity of illness scale (CGI-S) and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) were used for quantifying psychiatric symptoms. Drug-Induced Extrapyramidal Symptoms Scale (DIEPSS) was used to measure drug-associated movement disorders. The mean risperidone dose was 3.2± 0.8 mg/ day. Data collected after 6 weeks of treatment showed that the mean PANSSscore, positive symptoms subscale score, negative symptoms subscale score, CGI-S score and general psychopathology score decreased significantly (p< 0.001). Comparison of HRV parameters between the control group (healthy subjects) and unmedicated patients showed a significant group effect (p<0.001). Evaluation of the association between the severity of psychotic symptoms and HRV measures shows the negative correlation between PANSS positive symptoms score changes and SDNN changes (p= .012). Risperidone treatment in acutely ill schizophrenic patients leads to an increase in cardio-vagal activity, thus causing improvement in sympathovagal imbalance.
Dissipative hydrodynamic interactions via lattice‐gas cellular automata

A three‐dimensional lattice‐gas model has been used to determine the dissipative hydrodynamic interactions between spherical particles. When the particles are close together the accuracy of the lattice‐gas simulations is superior to typical integral‐equation solutions of the creeping‐flow equations. Moreover, the computational requirements scale linearly with system size, instead of quadratically or cubically. A new set of microrules have been implemented, which simulate a constant‐velocity, no‐slip boundary condition at the solid–fluid surfaces. Numerical results for various drag coefficients are reported.
Vortex dynamics of heavy-ion-irradiated YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7 − δ : Experimental evidence for a reduced vortex mobility at the matching field

Electrical transport measurements in heavy-ion-irradiated ${\mathrm{YBa}}_{2}{\mathrm{Cu}}_{3}{\mathrm{O}}_{7\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\delta}}}$ thick films reveal a clear maximum of the critical current when the applied magnetic field is approximately equal to the magnetic field at which all columnar defects are occupied. This result directly indicates that vortex mobility is greatly reduced when no vacant columns are available. We suggest that this result is a vestige of the Mott insulator phase predicted for the vortex system at zero temperatures.
Population dynamics: general results from local analysis

In this thesis a new approach to the formulation and analysis of general models is presented. In general models the interaction between state variables is not restricted to specific functional forms. Instead they are described by general functions. This approach is used to formulate and study models of general food chains and food webs. This work illustrates that general models can be analysed in the framework of local bifurcation theory. In order to compute bifurcations efficiently a mathematical technique, the method of resultants, is derived. Application of the method of resultants and the general modelling approach reveals a new, general solution to the famous paradox of enrichment. Furthermore, the investigation of general models prove that chaotic parameter regions generally exist in systems with more than three trophic levels. The investigation of ecological food webs shows that a large class of food webs behaves qualitatively similar to food chains. Finally, it is shown that the strong form of the famous competitive-exclusion principle only occurs because of certain degeneracies that exist in simple ecological models.
Potential for large optical gain improvement of erbium-doped slot waveguide amplifiers in silicon photonics

The potential for on-chip optical amplification at λs=1530 nm in silicon photonics using erbium-doped rich polymers integrated in silicon-slot waveguides is investigated by using a four-level spectroscopic model and a pumping wavelength of 1.48 μm. It is shown that the key parameter driving the whole amplification efficiency is the slot waveguide linear loss level, while optimization of the hollow core waveguide cross section leads to a slot width around 130 nm. Our investigations show that an on-chip optical gain of about 10 dB can be obtained with 7 dB/cm loss slot waveguides. Such a propagation loss is directly sustained by experimental results obtained for photonic structures fabricated using silicon technology. Due to the likelihood of improved technological processes in the near future, the slot waveguide loss level was swept in the 3–10 dB/cm range, showing that on-chip optical gain up to 30 dB can be seriously envisaged for slot waveguides with optimized optical losses around 3 dB/cm.
An upper limit on the H I content of the Carina dwarf spheroidal galaxy

Neutral hydrogen 21 cm measurements of the Carina dwarf spheroidal galaxy yield an upper limit on its H I content of about 1000 solar masses. For (M/L) about 30, this translates into an upper limit of 0.0001 on its fractional H I content. It is possible that Carina has efficiently cleansed itself of gas because red giant wind velocities are of the order of the escape velocity. It is then interesting to ask how Carina retained its gas for the first few billion of its existence. 21 refs.
Variation of Secondary Gamma Radiation Flux during Closest Approach of Mars towards Earth, Mars at Opposition and Transit of Moon across Different Constellations and Planets in the Month of October, 2020 at Udaipur, India

Abstract: The experimental studies of closest approach of Mars towards Earth on October 6 & 7, 2020, Mars at opposition on October 13, 2020 and transit of Moon across different constellations and planets at Udaipur (270 43’ 12.00” N, 750 28’ 48.01” E), Rajasthan, India were conducted in the month of October, 2020 using a ground-based NaI (Tl) scintillation detector. For the closest approach of Mars, the data files were stored in computer for a half-hour duration from 20.30 IST to 1.00 IST on the dates of October 6 & 7, 2020, for Mars at opposition data files stored in computer for a half-hour duration from 18.00 IST to 20.00 IST on the date of October 13, 2020 and for Moon in the constellation experimental study the data files were stored in computer for a half-hour duration for the time 18.30 IST – 19.00 IST in the month of October, 2020 dated 19, 21, 22, 23, 25, 27, 28 and 29 at Udaipur (270 43’ 12.00” N, 750 28’ 48.01” E), Rajasthan, India, using a ground-based NaI (Tl) scintillation detector. For these experimental studies, the calibration of the scintillation detector was 2 keV per channel using a standard Cs137 source. Therefore, we detected the secondary radiation flux in the energy range from 2 keV to 2 MeV. Analyzed data of closest approach of Mars revealed a significant enhancement of secondary gamma-radiation flux (SGR) of about 4.5% on closest approach of Mars towards Earth at time 00.00 IST -00.30 IST (October 7) in comparison to the time 20.30 IST -21.00 IST (October 6). We interpret that such enhancement of SGR flux is on the basis of closest approach of Mars towards Earth, reflection of solar radiation from Mars towards Earth and gravitational lensing effect produced by Mars. For Mars at opposition, the analyzed data revealed a significant enhancement of secondary gamma-radiation flux (SGR) of about 1.7% in between times 19.00 IST – 19.30 IST. We interpret such enhancement of SGR flux on the basis of Mars at opposition, combined gravitational pull due to planet Mars, planet Earth and the Sun and gravitational lensing by Mars and for transit of Moon, the analyzed data revealed a significant variation of secondary gamma radiation flux (SGR) in the month of October. We interpret such variation of SGR flux on the basis of transit of Moon across different constellations and planets in the month of October. Keywords: Cosmic radiation, Reflection of solar radiation, Secondary gamma radiation, Closest approach of Mars, Mars at opposition, Combined gravitational pull and gravitational lensing effect by Mars, Transit of Moon across different constellations and planets.
COVID-19: Transportation and Tashkent State Agrarian University

The outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic has considerably and negatively affected the global community. To restrain the transmission of viruses, a restricted mobility has been highly imposed across the world and Uzbekistan as well. Our paper which responds to one of the directions of UI GreenMetric University Rankings provides a novel dataset on attitude-behaviors and personal perceptions of university students and academic staff in the term of transportation collected after the severe quarantine regime within the COVID-19 outbreak in Uzbekistan. We formulated a questionnaire design hinged on employing qualitative virtual interview and a short survey with students and university staff, estimating the sensitivity toward the potential crisis in crucially deciding on daily routines with restricted transportation and future mobility modes in the company of an urgent health concern. An online survey was distributed through Internet platforms such as Telegram within the period April-May 2020, with a total of 600 students, while a Zoom interview was organized for 50 of academic staff of Tashkent State Agrarian University. Our dataset comprises 362 out of 600 valid and full responses from students. Our survey was split into two sections. The first one has characterized the using frequency of all transportation modes before and after restricting the mobility, whereas the second section has considered potential risks of contracting COVID-19 from multi-modal transportation and potential effectiveness of travel mitigation measures. In general, the dataset was conveniently used to quantify and investigate students’ and staff’s attitude behavior towards traveling options and modal shifts due to COVID-19. Aligning with descriptive statistics, our paper also shares the results of possible explanatory emission calculations in transportation, serving as a reasonable reference for future studies during the pandemic.Keyword: Multimodal transportation, attitude-behavior, COVID-19, questionnaire, interview, emission, Uzbekistan
The role of the hematological inflammatory index and systemic immuno-inflammation index in acute cholecystitis

Introduction and aim. Acute cholecystitis is one of the most common hepatobiliary emergencies. We aimed to investigate the role of the initial hematological inflammatory index and systemic immuno-inflammation index in predicting short-term mortality in patients with acute cholecystitis. Material and methods. This study with a retrospective observational design was conducted at the emergency department of a tertiary teaching hospital. Patients admitted to our clinic between June 15, 2021, and March 15, 2022, according to the Tokyo criteria were included in the sample. The hematological inflammatory index and systemic immuno-inflammation index were calculated using the hematological test results of the patients evaluated at the emergency department. Survivor and non-survivor groups were formed according to all-cause 30-day mortality. The differences between survivor and non-survivor groups were investigated. Results. A total of 194 patients were included in the final analysis. The median age of the study population was 59 (25th–75th percentiles: 46.75–72) years. The rate of all cause-short-term mortality was 7.7. There were significant differences between the survivor and non-survivor groups in terms of the neutrophil count and the systemic immuno-inflammation index (p=0.007, 0.034, respectively; Mann-Whitney U test). No significant difference was found in the remaining laboratory parameters (lymphocyte count, platelet count, and hematological inflammatory index) (p=0.220, 0.489, 0.367 respectively; Mann-Whitney U test). Conclusion. The systemic immuno-inflammation index was determined to be significantly higher in the non-survivor group than in the survivor group among the patients with acute cholecystitis. However, there was no significant difference between these two groups in relation to the hematological inflammatory index.
Mycologically confirmed chronic pulmonary aspergillosis in a post-pulmonary tuberculosis patient in Ghana

Summary Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) remains a major public health challenge in low- and middle-income countries. PTB may leave residual cavitation following treatment in some patients, allowing saprophytic colonization by Aspergillus species, resulting in a slow, progressive lung condition known as chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA). PTB is the commonest underlying condition in CPA, mainly post-treatment. CPA is likely to be misdiagnosed as PTB reactivation due to clinical and radiological similarities. Ghana has a significant PTB burden, but only one case of clinically and radiologically diagnosed CPA has been reported, and epidemiological studies are also lacking. The definitive diagnosis of CPA comprises symptomatology, imaging findings and mycological evidence. Mycological evidence is critical to rule out other differential diagnoses, including non-Aspergillus pulmonary fungal infections and has implications for treatment choice. Herein, we present a case of mycologically-confirmed CPA in a previously treated PTB patient. Funding Fungal laboratory testing was provided by a CARIGEST SA studentship and research award to BKO and DWD respectively.
A Targeted Epigenetic Clock for the Prediction of Biological Age

Epigenetic clocks were initially developed to track chronological age, but accumulating evidence indicates that they can also predict biological age. They are usually based on the analysis of DNA methylation by genome-wide methods, but targeted approaches, based on the assessment of a small number of CpG sites, are advisable in several settings. In this study, we developed a targeted epigenetic clock purposely optimized for the measurement of biological age. The clock includes six genomic regions mapping in ELOVL2, NHLRC1, AIM2, EDARADD, SIRT7 and TFAP2E genes, selected from a re-analysis of existing microarray data, whose DNA methylation is measured by EpiTYPER assay. In healthy subjects (n = 278), epigenetic age calculated using the targeted clock was highly correlated with chronological age (Spearman correlation = 0.89). Most importantly, and in agreement with previous results from genome-wide clocks, epigenetic age was significantly higher and lower than expected in models of increased (persons with Down syndrome, n = 62) and decreased (centenarians, n = 106; centenarians’ offspring, n = 143; nutritional intervention in elderly, n = 233) biological age, respectively. These results support the potential of our targeted epigenetic clock as a new marker of biological age and open its evaluation in large cohorts to further promote the assessment of biological age in healthcare practice.
Evaluation Using Digital Image Correlation and Finite Element method of Stress Intensity Factors and T-stress

A controlled crack growth in PMMA was achieved in Wedge-Splitting Test (WST) by regulating the cross-head speed of loading by a computer-driving testing device. The fracture behavior of a crack propagating was investigated quantitatively by both numerical modeling and experiment using Finite Element Method (FEM) and Digital Image Correlation (DIC). A twoparameter fracture mechanics approach, describing the near-crack-tip stress field, was applied to determine the stress intensity factor (SIF) and the coefficient of higher order term (T-stress). In both methods, it was shown that the stress intensity factor versus crack length remains constant whereas the T-stress varies from negative to positive. This later variation is similar to the three point bend beam, but different from the compact tension specimen, for which the T-term is always positive. Using Digital Image Correlation (DIC), the stress intensity factor and T stress were estimated with 10% and 15% uncertainty in a complex loading set-up without having to do a numerical modeling of the experiment.
Performance of Two‐Moment Stratiform Microphysics With Prognostic Precipitation in GFDL's CM4.0

We describe the model performance of a new global coupled climate model configuration, CM4‐MG2. Beginning with the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory's fourth‐generation physical climate model (CM4.0), we incorporate a two‐moment Morrison‐Gettelman bulk stratiform microphysics scheme with prognostic precipitation (MG2), and a mineral dust and temperature‐dependent cloud ice nucleation scheme. We then conduct and analyze a set of fully coupled atmosphere‐ocean‐land‐sea ice simulations, following Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 protocols. CM4‐MG2 generally captures CM4.0's baseline simulation characteristics, but with several improvements, including better marine stratocumulus clouds off the west coasts of Africa and North and South America, a reduced bias toward “double” Intertropical Convergence Zones south of the equator, and a stronger Madden‐Julian Oscillation (MJO). Some degraded features are also identified, including excessive Arctic sea ice extent and a stronger‐than‐observed El Ni n∼ $\tilde{\mathrm{n}}$ o‐Southern Oscillation. Compared to CM4.0, the climate sensitivity is reduced by about 10% in CM4‐MG2.
Path Optimization of Welding Robot Based on Ant Colony and Genetic Algorithm

While the process of intelligent industrial production is accelerating, the application scope of welding robots is also expanding. For the purpose of reducing the work efficiency and time consumption of the welding robot, the ACO is used for the shortest distance and the GA is used for the shortest time fixed-point path trajectory optimization. The application of parameter optimization and random disturbance factor in the ACO increases the global search performance of the algorithm. In the shortest time trajectory optimization, the B-spline curve interpolation method and the GA are combined to carry out the segmental optimization processing. Simulation experiments show that the optimization strategy of ACO can increase the iterative calculation efficiency and path optimization performance of the algorithm. At the same time, the robot with optimized genetic algorithm has smaller fluctuations in joint angle and angular velocity in the simulated welding task, and the optimization algorithm takes 17.6 s less than the traditional particle swarm algorithm and 11 s less than the single A ∗ algorithm. The experiments confirmed the performance of the ACO-GA for the path optimization of the welding robot, and research can provide a scientific path optimization reference for the welding task of the industrial production line.
Continuum model for dislocation dynamics in a slip plane

In this paper, we present a continuum model for dislocation dynamics in a slip plane, which accurately incorporates both the long-range interaction and the local line tension effect of dislocations. Unlike the continuum models in the literature using dislocation densities, we use the disregistry across the slip plane to represent the continuous distribution of dislocations in the slip plane, which has the advantage of including the orientation dependence of dislocations in a very simple way. The continuum dislocation dynamics model is validated by linear instability analysis of a uniform dislocation array to small perturbations and comparisons of the results with those of the discrete dislocation dynamics model. Numerical examples for the evolution of distributions of dislocations and plastic slips in a slip plane are presented.
Micromagnetic behavior of electrodeposited cylinder arrays

Arrays of cylindrical magnetic particles have been made using interference lithography combined with electrodeposition. The cylinders are made from Ni, Co, CoP, or CoNi, with diameters of 57\char21{}180 nm, aspect ratios of 0.4\char21{}3, and array periods of 100\char21{}200 nm. The remanent states of the cylinders correspond to single-domain ``flower'' states or to magnetization vortices depending on the particle size and aspect ratio. Experimental data are in good agreement with a magnetic-state map calculated using a three-dimensional micromagnetic model, which shows the remanent state as a function of particle size and aspect ratio. The interactions between the particles, and their switching-field distribution, have been quantified.