Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cholesterol appended bis-1,2,3-triazoles as simple supramolecular gelators for the naked eye detection of Ag+, Cu2+ and Hg2+ ions

Cholesterol coupled bis-1,2,3-triazoles 1–3 have been synthesized and their gelation abilities are examined. Bis triazoles 1–3 form a gel from CHCl3–CH3OH (2 : 1, v/v) mixture solvents. In contrast, compounds 4 and 5, which are devoid of triazoles, are unable to form a gel under similar conditions and thus validate the essential role of triazoles in gelation. While the gel phase of 1 detects Cu2+ ions by showing phase transformation from gel to sol, gels derived from 2 and 3 undergo disintegration in the presence of Ag+, Cu2+ and Hg2+ ions. Such phase changes corroborate the visual sensing of metal ions. Moreover, the fluorescence titration of 3 discriminates Cu2+, Hg2+ and Ag+ ions by exhibiting differential quenching.
Autonomous UAV Simulator for Research and Development Applied to 5G Networks

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are being used in many applications,such as surveillance and product delivery. Currently, manyUAVs are controlled by WiFi or proprietary radio technologies.However, it is envisioned that 5G and beyond 5G (B5G) networkscan connect the UAVs and increase the overall security due to improvedcontrol by operators and governments. Soon, UAVs willalso be used as mobile radio base stations to extend reach or improvethe network capacity. All this motivates intense research on5G technologies for supporting UAV-based applications. However,there are currently few simulation tools for testing and investigatingtelecommunication systems that involve UAV solutions. Forinstance, modern 5G networks use multiple antennas that enablebeamforming. A realistic simulation, in this case, requires not onlysupport for beamforming but also for realistic UAV trajectories,which impact the communication channel evolution over time. Toevaluate scenarios with connected UAVs, this paper presents a toolthat simulates flights in a virtual environment, gathers informationabout the channels among UAVs and the mobile network, andcalculates performance indicators regarding the communicationsystem.
Drivers of Regional Destination Competitiveness: A DEMATEL – Fuzzy TOPSIS Approach

This paper aims to explore a conceptual criteria framework for measuring tourism destination competitiveness at the regional level to fill the existing gap in literature. This study was conducted in the East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) Province of Indonesia, by developing a tailored set of criteria for measuring destination competitiveness specific for the regional backdrop through rigorous literature review and in-depth interviews with tourism experts. Moreover, a hybrid MCDM approach combining DEMATEL and Fuzzy TOPSIS techniques was employed to analyze interrelationships and importance rankings of the developed measurement criteria. This research developed a six-factor and twenty-three indicator framework deemed relevant for assessing destination competitiveness at the regional level. The six factors comprise of destination attraction, general infrastructure, superstructure, destination management, price competitiveness, and regional government policy. The DEMATEL analysis revealed regional government policy to be the most influential factor, whilst destination attraction was rendered the most important one. Results from the Fuzzy TOPSIS present the most important indicators from the framework as a natural attraction, accessibility and port infrastructure, accommodation, the image of the destination, and priority towards the tourism sector. Findings from this research provide valuable insights in terms of proposing tourism policymakers with a blueprint of regional destination competitiveness criteria that offers critical inputs for developing medium and long-term tourism strategies.
A Review of Tannin Determination Methods Using Spectrophotometric Detection in Red Wines and Their Ability to Predict Astringency

Astringency is an important sensory attribute that influences red wine quality. The astringent sensation inside the mouth is caused by a group of molecules called tannins. These molecules can be quantified and analysed by several numbers of methods, such as the Bate Smith method, Adams Harbertson assay, and methylcellulose precipitation method. All these methods are colourimetric, however they differ on the principle on which they are based and, as well as on the tannin pool they are able to measure. In the literature, it is possible to find a wide range of concentrations of tannins for the main red wines varieties, which have been evaluated by the methods herein reviewed. For instance, higher tannin concentrations are obtained using the Bate Smith method (2.08-3.48 g/L tannin) compared with the Adams Harbertson assay (0.58-0.14 g/L tannin), which exhibit the lowest results. However, studies that directly compare results obtained with these methods are scarce. The aim of this work is to compare tannin concentrations in red wines and along with how sensory astringency correlates with tannin concentration measured by these three methods.
Design and Synthesis of Fluorescent 1,3-Diaryl-β-carbolines and 1,3-Diaryl-3,4-dihydro-β-carbolines

The 1,3-diaryl-β-carboline derivatives, including 3,4-dihydro variants, were synthesized via a multiple-step approach. These compounds possess rigid and twisted configurations, which are expected to exhibit unique optical properties. The absorption and fluorescence properties of the newly synthesized compounds were investigated. These synthetic 1,3-diaryl-β-carbolines displayed strong emission in the range of 387–409 nm and exhibited absolute photoluminescence quantum yields of up to 74%. Density functional theory calculations were performed to better elucidate the geometric, electronic, and optical properties of these novel 1,3-diaryl-β-carbolines.
Novel Wilkinson Power Divider with an Isolation Resistor on a Defected Ground Structure with Improved Isolation

A modified Wilkinson Power Divider is proposed in this paper that utilizes defected ground structure (DGS) in parallel with an isolation resistor. The proposed DGS section is incorporated between the output ports, and the isolation resistor is soldered in parallel with the DGS in the ground plane, instead of on the top plane as in a conventional Wilkinson power divider, to achieve improved or preferable isolation. The proposed design is comprised of two pairs of microstrip transmission lines with equal impedances and varied electrical lengths. The parameters of the main circuit and the DGS section are acquired separately. The parameters of the proposed main circuit are derived by applying conjugate matching theory. Dumbbell-shaped DGS is introduced in the ground plane between the output ports, which acts as a parallel resonator, yielding an attenuation pole at the resonant frequency that contributes to improved isolation. By applying the previous well-known circuit theory, the lumped elements of the equivalent circuit of the DGS were achieved. The physical dimensions of the equivalent circuit for the DGS section were obtained by three-dimensional EM simulation. The measured results show improved isolation, return loss and better bandwidth as compared with other similar works. Furthermore, the proposed circuits designed at resonating frequencies of 3 and 2 GHz presented comparatively good return losses, S11 of about −25.54 and −31.24 dB, respectively, and achieved improved isolations, S32 between the output ports, in an order of about −40.83 and −36.05 dB, respectively, which is rather exceptional and desirable.
Achieving the European Green “Deal” of Sustainable Grass Forage Production and Landscaping Using Fungal Endophytes

The European Green Deal is the EU’s latest growth strategy and action plan, which will meet the challenges concerning climate change and environmental degradation. The components of the Green Deal which are intended to prevent biodiversity loss, to reduce pollution level, and to improve food quality are: The Farm to Fork Strategy and Biodiversity Strategy. Their main aims include: Reducing the application of pesticides by 50% by 2030, reducing nutrients loss by 50% while preserving soil fertility, reducing the application of mineral fertilizers by a minimum of 20% by 2030, as well as supporting the development of organic farming to reach 25% of all the arable land in the EU. These aims are very ambitious and they pose a serious challenge. Can the European Green Deal provide an opportunity for fungal grass endophytes? This paper presented different aspects in which endophytes of the Epichloë genus affect colonized plants, as well as their possible applications in biological grass protection and in improving the performance properties of different grass biotopes. Literature was reviewed to provide evidence of how fungal endophytes might be used to achieve the goals of the European Green Deal strategy, in accordance with the principles of sustainable agriculture.
One- versus two-stage partial hepatectomy for large resectable solitary hepatocellular carcinomas determined preoperatively to have a narrow resection margin: a propensity score matching analysis

Background For patients with a large but resectable solitary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) of >5 cm in diameter, it is often difficult to achieve a sufficient resection margin. There is still no study on whether a two-stage hepatectomy to increase a narrow resection margin would be beneficial. Methods From August 2014 to February 2017, patients with a large but resectable solitary HCC of >5 cm and a preoperative estimated resection margin of <1.0 cm were retrospectively studied. They were divided into one- and two-stage resection groups. A retrospective analysis was performed, followed by propensity score matching (PSM) analysis. Disease recurrence, survival, intraoperative and postoperative data were compared. Results Before PSM, the 1-, 2-, 3-and 4-year recurrence-free survival rates for the one- and two-stage groups were 44.3%, 31.7%, 24.3%, 19.2% versus 60.6%, 45.4%, 43.5%, 32.3%, respectively (P=0.007). The corresponding OS rates were 61.0%, 45.2%, 43.8%, 38.4% versus 69.6%, 62.5%, 60.7%, 57.3%, respectively (P=0.029). After PSM, the 1-, 2-, 3-and 4-year recurrence-free survival rates for the one- and two-stage groups were 44.0%, 31.5%, 27.3%, 21.0% versus 60.6%, 45.4%, 43.5%, 32.3%, respectively (P=0.013). The corresponding OS rates were 62.5%, 41.1%, 41.1%, 37.5% versus 69.6%, 62.5%, 60.7%, 57.3%, respectively (P=0.038). Differences in the resection margins between the one- and two-stage groups before [0.3 (0–0.5) versus 1.2 (0.8–2.2) cm] and after [0.2 (0–0.5) versus 1.2 (0.8–2.2) cm] PSM were also significant. Conclusions Two-stage hepatectomy allowed a wider resection margin for patients with a resectable but solitary HCC of >5 cm, and resulted in significantly better long-term survival outcomes after partial hepatectomy.
The impact of atmospheric blocking on the compounding effect of ozone pollution and temperature: A copula-based approach

Abstract. Ozone pollution and high temperatures have adverse health impacts that can be amplified by the combined effects of ozone and temperature. Moreover, changes in weather patterns are expected to alter ozone pollution episodes and temperature extremes. In particular, atmospheric blocking is a high-impact large-scale phenomenon at mid-high latitudes that has been associated with temperature extremes. This study examines the impact of atmospheric blocking on the ozone and temperature dependence among measurement stations over Europe. We use a copula-based method to model the dependence between both variables under blocking and non blocking conditions. This approach allows to examine the impact of blocks on the joint probability distribution. Our results showed that blocks lead to an increasing strength in the upper tail dependence of ozone and temperature extremes (>95th) in north-west and central Europe (e.g UK, Benelux, north-west of France and Germany). The analysis of the probability hazard scenarios revealed that blocks generally enhance the probability of compound ozone and temperature events by 20 % in a large number of stations over central Europe. The probability of ozone or temperature exceedances increases 30 % (on average) under the presence of atmospheric blocking. Furthermore, we found that in a number of stations over north-western Europe atmospheric blocking increases the probability of ozone exceedances by 30 % given high temperatures. Our results point out the strong influence of atmospheric blocking on the compounding effect of ozone and temperature events, suggesting that blocks might be considered as a relevant predicting factor when assessing the risks of ozone-heat related health effects.
Fertilization the Omission One Test as Determination Limiting Factors for Maize Biomass (Zea mays L.)

Introduction: The research was aimed to obtain information on the impact of omission one test fertilization as a determination limiting factors for the growth and biomass of maize in variety Bonanza F1. Materials and Methods: The research was located in the experimental field, Faculty of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien, Medan from December 2020 until February 2021. The research was applied by Randomized Block Design in non-factorial through fertilization of omission one test that has been converted (urea : SP-36 : KCl = 0.75 : 0.50 : 0.125 g polybag-1). The treatment of this research include P0 = non-fertilization; P1= N+P+K; P2= P+K; P3= N+K; P4= N+P using three replications. The parameters include plant height, leaf growth, total fresh weight, total dry weight, and the percentage of relative yield then processed using ANOVA and continued with DMRT at 5% ± standard error with SPSS v.20 software. Results: Informed that the omission one test technique significantly improved all the characteristics of maize in the variety Bonanza F1. The highest increase in plant height was found in the N+P of 83.65%, meanwhile, the highest leaf and biomass growth characters were found in N+P+K, ranged of 50.00 to 177.81% and 487.60 to 507.37%, respectively. It was obtained that the limiting factor for the maize growth in variety Bonanza F1 was found in the un-fertilization of nitrogen.
REGRAS DO JOGO: UMA ANÁLISE DE SEUS TIPOS E RELACIONAMENTOS

Resumo: Diferentes aspectos das regras nos jogos têm sido estudados por diversos autores. Apesar de apresentarem diferentes visões sobre as regras e propuseram diferentes classificações para elas, um pensamento é compartilhado pela maioria deles: as regras são um dos elementos principais de um jogo, senão um dos seus componentes mais importantes. Buscando organizar um melhor entendimento sobre o tema e visando auxiliar numa melhor compreensão a respeito dos jogos, neste artigo, introduzo uma abordagem particular de estudo e análise das regras nos jogos e suas relações.
Combining Concepts Across Categorical Domains: A Linking Role of the Precuneus

Abstract The human capacity for semantic knowledge entails not only the representation of single concepts but also the capacity to combine these concepts into the increasingly complex ideas that underlie human thought. This process involves not only the combination of concepts from within the same semantic category but also frequently the conceptual combination across semantic domains. In this fMRI study (N = 24) we investigate the cortical mechanisms underlying our ability to combine concepts across different semantic domains. Using five different semantic domains (People, Places, Food, Objects, and Animals), we present sentences depicting concepts drawn from a single semantic domain as well as sentences that combine concepts from two of these domains. Contrasting single-category and combined-category sentences reveals that the precuneus is more active when concepts from different domains have to be combined. At the same time, we observe that distributed category selectivity representations persist when higher-order meaning involves the combination of categories and that this category-selective response is captured by the combination of the single categories composing the sentence. Collectively, these results suggest that the precuneus plays a role in the combination of concepts across different semantic domains, potentially functioning to link together category-selective representations distributed across the cortex.
Effect of Fuel Injection Locations with a Hyper Mixer in Supersonic Combustion

A reacting-experiment was conducted to understand the relation between a wallmounted alternating-ramp-wedge type hyper mixer and various injection locations in unheated supersonic flow. The hydrogen gas and a plasma jet torch were used as the fuel and the igniter, respectively. The parallel injection method shows the maximum combustion efficiency for the forced ignition. This is because the fuel-air mixture can be ignited in the heat source (plasma jet) and providing the fuel-air mixture to the plasma jet, i.e . , the parallel injection, is very effective to enhance the combustion efficiency. In the cold main flow, the combustion region is restrained and affected by the location of the plasma jet.
The Differences Between Action of Inhaled Silica and Iron Nanoparticles in ApoE-knockout mice – Silica Nanoparticles Exacerbate Atherosclerosis Through Skewing Macrophage Polarization Towards M1 Phenotype

Background: Exposure to airborne particulate matter, especially its organic part, is strongly related to the development of cardiovascular disorders including atherosclerosis. The role of inorganic part of air pollution in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis is still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of action of two substantial components of inorganic part of airborne particulate matter (SiO2 and Fe2O3) in atherosclerosis. To do this, we used apolipoprotein E-knockout mice exposed to silica (SiNPs) and ferric oxide (FeNPs) nanoparticles in a whole body inhalation chamber for 16 weeks. To our knowledge, this is the first time when whole body exposure system was applied to examine the effects of silica and ferric oxide nanoparticles on atherosclerosis development in mouse model of atherosclerosis. Results: Inhaled silica nanoparticles augmented the atherosclerotic lesions and increased the percentage of pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages in both the plaque and the peritoneum in apoE-/- mice. Exposure to ferric oxide nanoparticles did not enhance atherogenesis process, however, it caused significant changes in the atherosclerotic plaque composition (elevated content of CD68-positive macrophages and enlarged necrotic core accompanied by the decreased level of M1 macrophages). Both silica and iron oxide NPs altered the phenotype of T lymphocytes in the spleen by promoting polarization towards Th17 cells. Conclusions: Exposure to silica and ferric oxide nanoparticles exerts differential impact on atherosclerosis development. Silica nanoparticles enhance atherosclerosis, which is associated with increased level of M1 macrophages, while ferric oxide nanoparticles alter atherosclerotic plaque composition without influencing the size of the lesions.
Applications of optimization models for electricity distribution networks

Increased penetration of low‐carbon technologies, such as residential photovoltaic systems, electric vehicles, and batteries, can potentially cause voltage quality issues in distribution networks. Active distribution networks adopt control schemes where these assets are actively managed to prevent potential issues, increasing the network utilization. Mathematical optimization is a key technology in enabling such applications, either directly as the underlying solution, or for benchmarking effectiveness. As networks are operated closer to their engineering limits, models representing distribution network physics become increasingly important. This article reviews how distribution networks are modeled with varying degrees of detail in the context of optimization problems. It goes on to catalog the applications that use such models, and ends with an overview of toolchains to implement them, to enable the transition from the passive to active management of the distribution system.
Chief Digital Officers: An Analysis of the Presence of a Centralized Digital Transformation Role

By appointing a chief digital officer (CDO), firms decide for a central role responsible for their digital transformation. While CDOs have recently appeared in the C-suites of firms across the globe, the current literature lacks insights into the specific antecedents of CDO presence. Grounded in the peculiarities of the digital age, we provide theoretical arguments explaining how the decision to centralize digital transformation responsibilities might be related to transformation urgency and coordination needs. Empirical analyses based on a panel data set of 913 US and European firms support that transformation urgency and coordination needs predict CDO presence. An additional analysis of moderating temporal effects reveals that, over time, the effect of transformation urgency is weakened and the effect of coordination needs on CDO presence is strengthened. We discuss implications for research and practice regarding the antecedents of CDO presence, TMT research more generally, and centralization in the digital age.
Cuticular hydrocarbon profile for queen recognition in the termite Reticulitermes speratus

Chemical communication underlies the sophisticated colony organization of social insects. In these insects, cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) play central roles in nestmate, task, and caste recognition, which contribute to maintenance of the social and reproductive division of labor. Queen-specific CHCs reflect queen fertility status and function as a queen recognition pheromone, triggering aggregation responses around the queens. However, there are only a few studies about the royal recognition mechanism in termites, and particularly, no study has reported about queen-specific CHCs in the species using asexual queen succession (AQS) system, in which the primary queen is replaced by neotenic queens produced parthenogenetically. In this study, we identified the CHC pheromone for neotenic queen recognition in the AQS termite species Reticulitermes speratus. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses revealed that the relative amount of n-pentacosane was disproportionately greater in the CHC profiles of queens than in the CHC profiles of kings, soldiers, and workers. Furthermore, we investigated the cuticular chemicals of the queen aggregate workers; bioassays demonstrated that n-pentacosane shows a worker arrestant activity in the presence of workers’ cuticular extract. These results suggest that R. speratus workers identify whether each individual is a neotenic queen by recognizing the relatively higher ratio of n-pentacosane in the conspecific CHC background. Moreover, they suggest that termites have evolved queen recognition behavior, independently of social hymenopterans.
Probabilistic Reconstruction of Hydrofacies With Support Vector Machines

Delineation of geological features from limited hard and/or soft data is crucial to predicting subsurface phenomena. Ubiquitous sparsity of available data implies that the reliability of any delineation effort is inherently uncertain. We present probabilistic support vector machines (pSVM) as a viable method for both hydrofacies delineation from sparse data and quantification of the corresponding predictive uncertainty. Our numerical experiments with synthetic data demonstrate an agreement between the probability of a pixel classifier predicted with pSVM and indicator Kriging. While the latter requires manual inference of a variogram (two‐point correlation function) from spatial observations, pSVM are highly automated and less data intensive. We also investigate the robustness of pSVM with respect to its hyper‐parameters and the number of measurements. Having investigated these features of pSVM, we deploy them to delineate, from lithological data collected in a number of wells, the spatial extent of an aquitard separating two aquifers in Southern California.