Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Unit Commitment by Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization (特集:平成18年〔電気学会〕電力・エネルギー部門大会)

This paper presents an Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization (APSO) for Unit Commitment (UC) problem. APSO reliably and accurately tracks a continuously changing solution. By analyzing the social model of standard PSO for the UC problem of variable size and load demand, adaptive criteria are applied on PSO parameters and the global best particle (knowledge) based on the diversity of ﬁtness. In this proposed method, PSO parameters are automatically adjusted using Gaussian modiﬁcation. To increase the knowledge, the global best particle is updated instead of a ﬁxed one in each generation. To avoid the method to be frozen, idle particles are reset. The real velocity is digitized (0 / 1) by a logistic function for binary UC. Finally, the benchmark data and methods are used to show the e ﬀ ectiveness of the proposed method.
Narrative review: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of sleep-related painful erection

Objective Through critical analysis and comprehensive review of the limited literature, this paper can help clinicians better identify the pathophysiology of sleep-related painful erections (SRPE) and provide direction for future treatment research. Background Patients with SRPE will be awakened by painful erections during sleep, which affects their sleep process and general health. At present, literatures of experimental and clinical research on SRPE disease are limited, as well as long-term reports on its pathogenesis and clinical management. Methods We use the PubMed database to obtain sleep-related peer erection literature. The search terms used include sleep, painful, penis and erection. After rigorous screening, the search returned 21 references published between 1987 and 2021. Conclusions The main cause of SRPE is obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome, psychological and spiritual factors, androgen elevation, neuroendocrine regulation and threshold of pain in the REM phase. The combination of multiple medications is the most effective approach to treat sleep-pain-related erections. The combination of CPAP, REM inhibitors and Baclofen has significant effect on SRPE caused by OSA syndrome. This article provides effective support and strategies for doctors to manage SRPE patients through a comprehensive analysis of the pathogenesis mechanism and clinical treatment strategies of SRPE.
Innovative Real-Time Methodology for Detecting Travel Time Outliers on Interstate Highways and Urban Arterials

Bluetooth devices are a rich source of travel time data for transportation engineers. Like any other source, however, Bluetooth devices can generate outliers that may bias travel times and corridor speeds. In this study, the proposed, innovative statistical methodology is capable of real-time deployment when travel time and vehicle speed outliers collected from Bluetooth data collection systems are detected. The proposed statistical methodology identifies outliers by using a data point's standard residual in a robust Greenshields model. The efficiency and the feasibility of this statistical methodology are evaluated for both Interstate highways and urban arterial corridors. These roadways are selected because they display a wide range of traffic patterns and outlier generators. The effectiveness of one methodology, especially on a wide range of traffic patterns, would improve the potential for widespread implementation. Four subsets of the collected data are provided within this study to highlight the efficiency and capability of the methodology. The results of using the Shapiro–Wilk statistics show that in both Interstate highway and urban arterial deployment the proposed method is effective at identifying Bluetooth outliers and is capable of working in a real-time environment. A second comparison between the two road types shows that the methodology performs better for Interstate highways than urban arterials, for which the added performance is based on the higher volume of hits and less fluctuation.
Cerebral Hyperperfusion Syndrome Presenting As Status Epilepticus Following Carotid Endarterectomy

Cerebral Hyperperfusion Syndrome (CHS) is a rare syndrome, commonly described as a prodrome of symptoms including a severe ipsilateral headache, focal neurological deficits, intracerebral hemorrhage, and occasionally includes seizures or encephalopathy. Our case involves a 76-year-old man who underwent a left carotid endarterectomy (CEA) for symptomatic high-grade stenosis of his left carotid artery. Post-operative day one, the patient was seen and examined in the early morning and found to be doing well, with blood pressures well-controlled and at his neurologic baseline. Three hours later, he was reported to have a sudden spike in his blood pressure and was experiencing focal motor seizures involving the right arm and face, both of which were unrelieved by anti-hypertensives and anti-seizure medications. The patient subsequently developed worsening respiratory function requiring intubation for status epilepticus. Repeat head and neck imaging with CT, CT angiography, and MRI demonstrated the known previous subacute infarct with new cerebral edema, patent carotid arteries bilaterally, and no acute infarct or intracerebral hemorrhage. While CHS is a rare syndrome with well-documented symptomatology, we present a unique case in which focal motor status epilepticus was the only presenting symptom in a patient who otherwise meets the criteria of CHS based on radiographic evidence of cerebral edema following an elective CEA.
Supradetachment basins in necking domains of rifted margins: Insights from the Norwegian Sea

Supradetachment basins at passive rifted margins are a key witness of major‐continental extension, and they may preserve a record from which the amount and rates of extension and metamorphic core complex exhumation may be reconstructed. These basins have mainly been recognised in back‐arc and orogenic collapse settings, with few examples from rifted margins. Using 2D and 3D seismic reflection, wellbore, and gravity anomaly data, we here characterise the three‐dimensional structural and tectonosedimentary evolution of a spoon‐shaped supradetachment basin that was formed in the necking domain of a rifted margin, at the southern limit of the Møre and Vøring segments of the Norwegian rifted margin. The basin, with an areal extent of ca. 2400 km2, and a landward‐rotated syn‐tectonic succession up to ca. 30 km thick (true stratigraphic thickness), is separated from footwall continental margin core complex basement culminations by major large‐offset (>30 km) normal fault complexes characterised by a cross‐sectional geometry whereby an upper, steeper part of the fault gives way to a low‐angle detachment fault at depth. These fault complexes are associated with a tectonic thinning of the continental crust to ca. 11 km, compared with a crustal thickness of ca. 27 km in the proximal domain. The basin is filled by a succession of pre‐, syn‐ and post‐tectonic deposits, that accumulated over time as the basin evolved over a series of rift‐ and detachment faulting events. The 30 km thick syn‐tectonic succession reflects deposition during two separate rifting events, which are disconnected by deposits reflecting a relative short period of tectonic quiescence. The results are discussed in light of examples of supradetachment basins on other rifted margins globally, as well as in the context of the evolution of the Norwegian margin overall.
Personal Collection in MERLOT as a Compilation of Learning Object Repository

This study focuses on the phenomenon of Personal Collection in a big central portal connected to multiple learning object repositories, called MERLOT. This portal contains only the object metadata and allows users access to the learning materials stored in several online repositories. A Personal Collection is a compilation of MERLOT modules that MERLOT Members can access easily to use for specific purposes, classes or topics. Personal Collections (PCs) can promote the reuse of Open Educational Resources and enhance pedagogical content knowledge. PCs offer the stimulating possibility of personalizing public learning object repositories, with the emphasis on the individual. Even though PCs add a strong element of personalization to the system, they still retain the many institutional benefits of learning object repositories. The objective of the study is to explore the PCs extent of use in the MERLOT repository and to understand the experience of the repository members who were first to adopt these PCs with the creation process, its design and patterns of usage, in order to expand the use of PC to other active members, along with understanding the advantages of PCs and their instructional value.
Efficacy and Safety of Tacrolimus-Based Maintenance Regimens in De Novo Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Background Tacrolimus is an established component of immunosuppressive regimens for kidney transplant recipients (KTRs); however, data comparing long-term outcomes between formulations are lacking. We conducted a systematic literature review and network meta-analysis assessing tacrolimus (primarily Advagraf [once-daily] and Prograf [twice-daily])-based maintenance regimens. Material/Methods Embase, MEDLINE, and Cochrane databases and congress proceedings were searched to identify studies of adult de novo KTRs who received tacrolimus-based therapy in phase II/III randomized controlled trials. Outcomes were acute rejection, graft/patient survival, and incidence of new-onset diabetes mellitus after transplantation (NODAT) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. Bayesian network meta-analysis was used to analyze treatment effects on graft/patient survival. Results Sixty-eight publications (61 primary) were included. Of 21 publications reporting graft rejection following Advagraf or Prograf treatment in ≥1 study arm, 12-month biopsy-proven acute rejection (BPAR) ranged from 3.3% with Prograf to 55.0% with mycophenolic acid (MPA)+corticosteroids (CS); >24 month BPAR ranged from 0% to 58.7% (the latter with bleselumab-based therapy). Fourteen publications reported graft loss following Advagraf (0–9.6%) or Prograf (0–7.5%). Patient mortality ≤24 months after transplantation (14 publications) ranged from 0% to 8.1% with Advagraf or Prograf. Advagraf+MPA+CS and reference treatment, Prograf+MPA+CS, were associated with a similar risk of graft loss (odds ratio 1.19; 95% credible-interval 0.51, 3.06) and mortality (odds ratio 1.21; 95% credible-interval 0.1557, 9.03). Incidence of NODAT and CMV varied by treatment arm. Conclusions Graft loss and patient mortality rates were generally comparable between Advagraf- and Prograf-based regimens. Further prospective studies are needed to evaluate longer-term outcomes.
Nondestructive Detection of Codling Moth Infestation in Apples Using Pixel-Based NIR Hyperspectral Imaging with Machine Learning and Feature Selection

Codling moth (CM) (Cydia pomonella L.), a devastating pest, creates a serious issue for apple production and marketing in apple-producing countries. Therefore, effective nondestructive early detection of external and internal defects in CM-infested apples could remarkably prevent postharvest losses and improve the quality of the final product. In this study, near-infrared (NIR) hyperspectral reflectance imaging in the wavelength range of 900–1700 nm was applied to detect CM infestation at the pixel level for three organic apple cultivars, namely Gala, Fuji and Granny Smith. An effective region of interest (ROI) acquisition procedure along with different machine learning and data processing methods were used to build robust and high accuracy classification models. Optimal wavelength selection was implemented using sequential stepwise selection methods to build multispectral imaging models for fast and effective classification purposes. The results showed that the infested and healthy samples were classified at pixel level with up to 97.4% total accuracy for validation dataset using a gradient tree boosting (GTB) ensemble classifier, among others. The feature selection algorithm obtained a maximum accuracy of 91.6% with only 22 selected wavelengths. These findings indicate the high potential of NIR hyperspectral imaging (HSI) in detecting and classifying latent CM infestation in apples of different cultivars.
Detection of internal incipient faults in transformers during impulse test using hyperbolic S‐transform

SUMMARY In this paper, the application of the hyperbolic S-transform is proposed for detecting internal incipient faults of transformers during the impulse test. This test is performed on the under consideration transformer and during this test, the input current and applied voltage are recorded. The S-transform is applied to the recorded input current. An index is proposed and computed considering absolute deviations of the S-matrix. Faulty and non-faulty windings are discriminated by using the suggested index. The data obtained from field tests of a 66 kV/25MVA interleaved transformer winding and computer simulations, are recorded. Then, these data are fed to the proposed method, and faulty and normal conditions are discriminated, accordingly. Also, a wavelet-based method is implemented in MATLAB environment and the proposed method is compared with the wavelet-based method. According to simulations and experimental results, the proposed method is superior to wavelet transform-based method. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysis of the Content Values of Sweet Maize (Zea mays L. Convar Saccharata Koern) in Precision Farming

The global precision farming area is constantly increasing, and precision sweet maize production developed the most. Sweet maize yield is above average in precision farming. Additionally, its role in healthy nutrition is becoming increasingly important due to new hybrids with high carotenoid content. Precision farming techniques are needed to produce healthy food. In particular, nutrient supply and irrigation, sowing, crop management and harvesting need to be carried out with precision techniques. These factors are all prerequisites for effective and healthy growing and processing. The aim was to use the yields of the four sweet maize hybrids grown on the largest area to examine their nutritional values and concentrations (mg kg−1 dry matter) and to analyse their yield per hectare. Concentration is important for the consumer because K, P, Mg, Ca, Fe, Zn, and Na play an important role in metabolism, skin protection, and bone and tooth health. The new results obtained show that the amount of lutein and zeaxanthin per hectare is important for the processing industry, especially for use in food supplements. Their anti-inflammatory effects and their role in disease prevention (cardiovascular diseases, Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)) have been demonstrated. Consumers choose sweet maize mainly on the basis of its palatability, which is why the sugar content of the hybrids was also studied. We assumed that the element concentration in the yield of new hybrids with higher yield per hectare does not decrease with increasing yield. The concentrations of zeaxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin and β-carotene appear in one principal component and they are in close positive correlation with each other. The lutein concentration was independent of the former three compounds. The independence of the lutein concentration means that it is not possible to estimate its amount based on the other three components. For yield per unit area, the correlation is one-dimensional. Yield determines the lutein, zeaxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin and β-carotene concentrations per hectare.
Pre-hatching and post-hatching environmental factors related to epigenetic mechanisms in poultry.

Epigenetic modifications are phenotypic changes unrelated to the modification of the DNA sequence. These modifications are essential for regulating cellular differentiation and organism development. In this case, epigenetics controls how the animal's genetic potential is used. The main epigenetic mechanisms are microRNA activity, DNA methylation and histone modification. The literature has repeatedly shown that environmental modulation has a significant influence on the regulation of epigenetic mechanisms in poultry. The aim of this review is to give an overview of the current state of the knowledge in poultry epigenetics in terms of issues relevant to overall poultry production and the improvement of the health status in chickens and other poultry species. One of the main differences between birds and mammals is the stage of embryonic development. The bird's embryo develops outside its mother, so an optimal environment of egg incubation before hatching is crucial for development. It is also the moment when many factors influence the activation of epigenetic mechanisms, i.e., incubation temperature, humidity, light, as well as in ovo treatments. Epigenome of the adult birds, might be modulated by: nutrition, supplementation and treatment, as well as modification of the intestinal microbiota. In addition, the activation of epigenetic mechanisms is influenced by pathogens (i.e., pathogenic bacteria, toxins, viruses and fungi) as well as, the maintenance conditions. Farm animal epigenetics is still a big challenge for scientists. This is a research area with many open questions. Modern methods of epigenetic analysis can serve both in the analysis of biological mechanisms and in the research and applied to production system, poultry health and welfare.
I Keep Counting: An Experiment in Human/AI Co-creative Songwriting

Musical co-creativity aims at making humans and computers collaborate to compose music. As an MIR team in computational musicology, we experimented with co-creativity when writing our entry to the “AI Song Contest 2020”. Artificial intelligence was used to generate the song’s structure, harmony, lyrics, and hook melody independently and as a basis for human composition. It was a challenge from both the creative and the technical point of view: in a very short time-frame, the team had to adapt its own simple models, or experiment with existing ones, to a related yet still unfamiliar task, music generation through AI. The song we propose is called “I Keep Counting”. We openly detail the process of songwriting, arrangement, and production. This experience raised many questions on the relationship between creativity and machine, both in music analysis and generation, and on the role AI could play to assist a composer in their work. We experimented with AI as automation, mechanizing some parts of the composition, and especially AI as suggestion to foster the composer’s creativity, thanks to surprising lyrics, uncommon successions of sections and unexpected chord progressions. Working with this material was thus a stimulus for human creativity.
Coenzyme Q10, Ageing and the Nervous System: An Overview

The ageing brain is characterised by changes at the physical, histological, biochemical and physiological levels. This ageing process is associated with an increased risk of developing a number of neurological disorders, notably Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. There is evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress play a key role in the pathogenesis of such disorders. In this article, we review the potential therapeutic role in these age-related neurological disorders of supplementary coenzyme Q10, a vitamin-like substance of vital importance for normal mitochondrial function and as an antioxidant. This review is concerned primarily with studies in humans rather than in vitro studies or studies in animal models of neurological disease. In particular, the reasons why the outcomes of clinical trials supplementing coenzyme Q10 in these neurological disorders is discussed.
Optical lithography applied to 20-nm CMOS Logic and SRAM

Achieving 20nm designs with 193nm lithography is difficult even with immersion technology. At 20nm, the metal-1 pitch will be ~64nm, which is well below the 80nm limit for single exposure. In this work we extend on our earlier results [1-4] to show simulation-based patterning of both SRAMs and logic cells. This is consistent with the emerging industry consensus that regular designs and multiple exposure techniques will extend 193nm immersion as far down as 7nm [5]. The approach relies on 1D Gridded Design Rules with Lines/Cuts (1D GDR LC) selective double patterning. Due to the highly regular patterns of 1D GDR LC we are able to determine a sharp lithographic optimum as a result of numerical co-optimization of key layout parameters and lithography settings such as scanner illumination, etc. including realistic scanner capability. Critical layers (holes/cuts in 1D GDR LC) consist of a number of identical hole/cut patterns with varying density. We propose a novel algorithm for full-chip proximity correction of such critical layers. The algorithm consists of 1) a source-mask optimization step (SMO) to choose optimal scanner settings for a class of designs using standard cells, followed by 2) a final correction step applied to the entire layout to determine individual sizing for each cut to componsate for its optical/process environment. This procedure converges rapidly in our test cases producing close to 0nm CD error for each cut. Several test designs including one with approximately 100k transistors using ~20 cells from a standard cell library including both SRAM and logic cells were used, with good convergence obtained in all cases. Out procedure is a combination of an SMO step followed by cuts-OPC, the equivalent to OPC applied to cuts of 1D GDR LC designs. The procedure scales linearly with layout area and can be efficiently applied to full-chip designs.
Comparative Studies of Different Switching Patterns for Direct and Indirect Space Vector Modulated Matrix Converter

This paper presents a MATLAB/Simulink simulation of direct and indirect space vector modulation for matrix converter. Different switching patterns for both direct and indirect methods are simulated and compared. Three criteria are chosen to compare the performance of switching patterns: (1) total harmonic distortion (THD); (2) harmonic spectrum analysis of output voltages; and (3) number of switching in each switching period. Switching strategies are completely implemented using the power library in MATLAB/Simulink environment.
ENHANCEMENT OF BANDWIDTH BY USING PHOTONIC BANDGAP STRUCTURE IN MICROSTRIP ANTENNA

Modern wireless technology has put a lot of emphasis on slim size and reliability, image processing, internetworking across the globe, making technology to be more intelligent and sophisticated to provide all time communication which should be cost effective, noise free, futuristic and robust. Micro strip technology can make antenna smaller in size and conformal to system component. With the use of Micro strip technology we can design an antenna which can transmit and receive the signal with greater reliability. But due to surface wave radiation the bandwidth becomes smaller, therefore to eliminate this drawback we use photonic band gap structure of substrate material to enhance the bandwidth and gain. In this paper we illustrate the methodology, design and simulation to implement such antenna to provide greater bandwidth for future communication system.