Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis and Prospect of capital management of Listed Companies in the United States -- Taking Walt Disney Company as an example

Under the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, the global economy is facing significant downward pressure. Many industries have been hit to some extent, including the entertainment industry. At the same time, cash flow management, as a very important part of financial management, the quality of its management directly affects whether the enterprise can meet the market demand and develop smoothly. Walt Disney Company, as an enterprise established for 100 years, plays an important role in the entertainment industry. Its industry is comprehensive and representative, which can reflect the development and trend of the industry to a large extent. This study will analyze and predict the cash management and cash flow of Walt Disney Company. By focusing on the company's business adjustment and business development trend, as well as the financial data with ARIMA model and graphs of the past 17 years, the prediction of the company's future cash flow can be made, and the future development of Walt Disney Company can be determined. These questions will be of great significance for judging the development of the entertainment industry in the future.
Assessing the performance of commercial Agisoft PhotoScan software to deliver reliable data for accurate3D modelling

3D models delivered from digital photogrammetric techniques have massively increased and developed to meet the requirements of many applications. The reliability of these models is basically dependent on the data processing cycle and the adopted tool solution in addition to data quality. Agisoft PhotoScan is a professional image-based 3D modelling software, which seeks to create orderly, precise n 3D content from fixed images. It works with arbitrary images those qualified in both controlled and uncontrolled conditions. Following the recommendations of many users all around the globe, Agisoft PhotoScan, has become an important source to generate precise 3D data for different applications. How reliable is this data for accurate 3D modelling applications is the current question that needs an answer. Therefore; in this paper, the performance of the Agisoft PhotoScan software was assessed and analyzed to show the potential of the software for accurate 3D modelling applications. To investigate this, a study was carried out in the University of Baghdad / Al-Jaderia campus using data collected from airborne metric camera with 457m flying height. The Agisoft results show potential according to the research objective and the dataset quality following statistical and validation shape analysis.
DISTRIBUTION REGULARITY AND DEVELOPMENT CHARACTERISTICS OF GEOHAZARDS IN YUSHU EARTHQUAKE AREA

At 7: 49a.m. April 14 th 2010,a Ms 7.1 earthquake occurred in Yushu county,Qinghai province,China.The Yushu earthquake not only resulted in destruction of lots of buildings and plenty of casualty,but also brought lots of geo-hazards such as debris flows,rock falls,landslides and ground cracks.So it evidently changed the distribution regularity and development characteristics of the geohazards at the region.Based on field investigations and statistics,the distribution regularity and development characteristics of the geohazards before and after the earthquake are analyzed.The results show that the geohazards scatter in the area and take place from May to July every year.The main types of the geohazards were debris flows and unstable slopes,as well as the main small scale of geohazards before the Yushu earthquake;After the earthquake,the numbers of geohazards increased obviously, and the distribution of geohazards concentrated in the areas where the main faults cross the Valley of Baqu river, the mountain areas of northern Jiegu town and southern of Zhaqu river,and the geohazards distribute sporadically in the areas where far away from the main faults or macroscopic epicenter.The geohazards are controlled evidently not only by the main faults,but also by the shape,altitude and gradient of slopes.The geohazards mainly distributed in the area of within 2km away from north of the main faults,and on the bulgy shape slopes,altitude of 3800 ～ 4000m,and the gradient of 25° ～ 40°,focused on the gradient of 30° ～ 35°. The geohazards induced by the ground cracks in the mountains develop distinctly,and the numbers of large and middle scales of geohazards increase clearly,so that the harm of geohazards increase greatly.Especially,the geohazards took place more frequently in rain season,which accelerates the development of geohazards in freezing and thawing periods.
Do Weather Derivatives Mitigate the Revenue Risk of Farmers?—The Case of Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China

This research probes the potential of weather derivatives as tools for mitigating the variability of crop yields due to climatic uncertainties in China. Centered on Tongliao City in Inner Mongolia, the study exploits a long short-term memory (LSTM) network to dissect and simulate 32 years of local precipitation data, thereby achieving a simulation of high reliability. Further exploration through a multiple linear regression model confirms a marked positive relationship between rainfall amounts and maize yields. By combining precipitation put options and the total revenue function for farmers, mathematical derivations yield specific expressions for optimal trading quantities and risk hedging efficiency. The research findings show that, using an assumption of a maize price that is 3 CNY/kg, when farmers purchase around 6.22 precipitation put options they can achieve 67.9% risk hedging efficiency. This highlights the significant role of precipitation put options under specific conditions in reducing the risk of decreased maize yields due to reduced precipitation. However, in practical markets, variations in maize prices and the price change unit (λ) are inevitable. Through further analysis, this study reveals that as these factors change, the optimal trading quantity and hedging efficiency also undergo varying degrees of adjustment. The investigation lays a theoretical groundwork for the practical application and empirical validation of weather derivatives within China’s agrarian sector. However, the study underscores the necessity of a holistic approach to market dynamics to refine hedging strategies. Future decision making must integrate market fluctuations, and adopting transparent pricing mechanisms is critical for enhanced risk management and the advancement of sustainable agricultural practices.
Dipper throated optimization with deep convolutional neural network-based crop classification for remote sensing image analysis

Problem With the rapid advancement of remote sensing technology is that the need for efficient and accurate crop classification methods has become increasingly important. This is due to the ever-growing demand for food security and environmental monitoring. Traditional crop classification methods have limitations in terms of accuracy and scalability, especially when dealing with large datasets of high-resolution remote sensing images. This study aims to develop a novel crop classification technique, named Dipper Throated Optimization with Deep Convolutional Neural Networks based Crop Classification (DTODCNN-CC) for analyzing remote sensing images. The objective is to achieve high classification accuracy for various food crops. Methods The proposed DTODCNN-CC approach consists of the following key components. Deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) a GoogleNet architecture is employed to extract robust feature vectors from the remote sensing images. The Dipper throated optimization (DTO) optimizer is used for hyper parameter tuning of the GoogleNet model to achieve optimal feature extraction performance. Extreme Learning Machine (ELM): This machine learning algorithm is utilized for the classification of different food crops based on the extracted features. The modified sine cosine algorithm (MSCA) optimization technique is used to fine-tune the parameters of ELM for improved classification accuracy. Results Extensive experimental analyses are conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed DTODCNN-CC approach. The results demonstrate that DTODCNN-CC can achieve significantly higher crop classification accuracy compared to other state-of-the-art deep learning methods. Conclusion The proposed DTODCNN-CC technique provides a promising solution for efficient and accurate crop classification using remote sensing images. This approach has the potential to be a valuable tool for various applications in agriculture, food security, and environmental monitoring.
Collaboration while driving: how sharing communication affects driving efficiency

Increasing of the current development of autonomous driving makes communication in the vehicle more frequent while allowing interaction between the driver and the co-driver to be not only limited to verbal communication but also reflected in the in-car HMI. However, in the current autonomous driving stage, drivers still need to focus in driving primarily, which leads to the driver is prone to driving distractions when interacting with passengers via HMI. This paper focuses on discovering the main factors that affect driving performance when drivers interact with co-driver sharing HMI information. In order to figure out how factors related to driving effects, we conducted two different tests with comparable designs from both objective and subjective ways. We recorded and calculated their driving behaviors and satisfaction levels, and provide some suggestions for creating an interaction principle in the HMI collaboration system.
Mapping Hierarchical File Structures to Semantic Data Models for Efficient Data Integration into Research Data Management Systems

Although other methods exist to store and manage data in modern information technology, the standard solution is file systems. Therefore, keeping well-organized file structures and file system layouts can be key to a sustainable research data management infrastructure. However, file structures alone lack several important capabilities for FAIR data management: the two most significant being insufficient visualization of data and inadequate possibilities for searching and obtaining an overview. Research data management systems (RDMSs) can fill this gap, but many do not support the simultaneous use of the file system and RDMS. This simultaneous use can have many benefits, but keeping data in RDMS in synchrony with the file structure is challenging. Here, we present concepts that allow for keeping file structures and semantic data models (in RDMS) synchronous. Furthermore, we propose a specification in yaml format that allows for a structured and extensible declaration and implementation of a mapping between the file system and data models used in semantic research data management. Implementing these concepts will facilitate the re-use of specifications for multiple use cases. Furthermore, the specification can serve as a machine-readable and, at the same time, human-readable documentation of specific file system structures. We demonstrate our work using the Open Source RDMS LinkAhead (previously named “CaosDB”).
The Beagle 2 X-ray spectrometer for Mars

This thesis is concerned with the Beagle 2 X-ray spectrometer (XRS) for Mars. The scientific goals of the XRS were to perform (i) geochemical analyses of Martian rocks and soils and (ii) in situ 40K—>40Ar dating of rocks. The major aims of this study were the development of the XRS to achieve its scientific goals and to inform the design of future versions of the instrument. The XRS is described and compared with the previous X-ray Spectrometers that have been successfully deployed on Mars. A characterisation of the XRS investigated the fundamental behaviour of the instrument in terms of its spectral features (gain, resolution and artefacts), gain variation with temperature of its components, deadtime and quantum efficiency. The XRS was calibrated to convert elemental intensities from its analyses into concentrations. The concentrations of several major and trace elements of interest in reference materials were linearly correlated with the certified concentration. The analytical performance of the XRS was evaluated in comparison with a terrestrial portable X-ray spectrometer (PXRF) and a wavelength dispersive X-ray spectrometer (WD XRF). The performance was characterised in terms of accuracy, detection limit and fitting precision. This study showed the importance of energy resolution to the analytical performance of the XRS. The operational performance of the XRS was evaluated. The geochemical composition of several basalts analysed by the XRS agreed with complementary analyses by the PXRF and WD XRF. The 40K—>40Ar radiometric ages for two basalts were determined using the K content in the basalts in conjunction with their 40Ar isotope content (analysed by a laboratory version of the Beagle 2 Gas Analysis Package). The 40K—»40Ar ages were found to differ to the Ar-Ar ages because of various effects associated with inhomogeneity of the K content in the rock and radiogenic40Ar loss.
Phytoplankton photosynthesis and plankton community respiration in large shallow Lake Taihu, China

Recent studies have demonstrated the importance of whether aquatic ecosystems act as a net source or sink of carbon dioxide (COz, DEL GIORGIO & PETERS 1994, WILLIAMS 1998). The balance between production and respiration is the basis for understanding carbon flow and food web struc! ure in marine and freshwater ecosystems. Aquatic ecosystems in which photosynthesis exceeds total respiration are net autotrophic and sinks for COz. Conversely, ecosystems in which respiration exceeds photosynthesis are net heterotrophic and sources of COz (CARIGNAN et al. 2000). Among the large number o f lakes studied by COLE et al. (1994), 87 percent were supersa! urated with COz, indicating most lakes are sources rather than sinks of atrnospheric COz. Lakes are a small but potentially important conduit for carbon from terrestrial sources to the atrnosphere (COLE et al. 1994). Some ecologists have considered oligotrophic lakes as net sources of COz, whereas highly productive ecosystems tend to be net autotrophic ( e.g. DUARTE & Aousrí 1998). However, our knowledge of the production-respiration balance in eutrophic lakes is still limited. In this study, monthly variations o f phytoplankton photosynthesis and plankton comrnunity respiration from October 2002 to September 2003 were analyzed from large, shallow, eutrophic Lake Taihu, China. Earlier research results from 1991-1999 were also used to determine the plankton comrnunity production-respiration balance in the lake.
Cross-Video Pedestrian Tracking Algorithm with a Coordinate Constraint

Pedestrian tracking in surveillance videos is crucial and challenging for precise personnel management. Due to the limited coverage of a single video, the integration of multiple surveillance videos is necessary in practical applications. In the realm of pedestrian management using multiple surveillance videos, continuous pedestrian tracking is quite important. However, prevailing cross-video pedestrian matching methods mainly rely on the appearance features of pedestrians, resulting in low matching accuracy and poor tracking robustness. To address these shortcomings, this paper presents a cross-video pedestrian tracking algorithm, which introduces spatial information. The proposed algorithm introduces the coordinate features of pedestrians in different videos and a linear weighting strategy focusing on the overlapping view of the tracking process. The experimental results show that, compared to traditional methods, the method in this paper improves the success rate of target pedestrian matching and enhances the robustness of continuous pedestrian tracking. This study provides a viable reference for pedestrian tracking and crowd management in video applications.
Upstream Propagation of Surges and Bores: Free-Surface Observations

In a free-surface flow, a sudden increase in water depth induces a positive surge, also called compression wave or bore. Herein a physical study was conducted in relatively large-size rectangular channel with a smooth bed. The upstream propagation of breaking and undular bores were investigated with a broad range of Froude numbers Fri ranging from 1.1 to 2.3. Both instantaneous and ensemble-averaged free-surface measurements were performed nonintrusively. The observations showed the occurrence of undular bores for 1 < Fr1 1.2 to 1.3, breaking bores for Fr1 > 1.4 to 1.5, and breaking bores with secondary waves for 1.2-1.3 > Fr1 1.4-1.5. The propagation of a breaking bore was associated with an upward free-surface curvature immediately before the roller toe for Fri < 2, and an abrupt increase in free-surface elevation with the passage of the breaking roller. The propagation of undular bores was characterized by a smooth upward free-surface curvature, followed by a smooth first wave crest and a train of secondary quasi-periodic undulations. For all tidal bores, the passage of the bore front was always associated with large free-surface fluctuations, occurring slightly after the arrival of the front. During the generation process, the positive surge formed very rapidly and the surge celerity increased very rapidly, reaching maximum values excess of the fully-developed bore celerity. With increasing time, the surge decelerated and the bore propagated at an early constant celerity for (xgate —x)/xgate > 10.
Do Wealth and Market Access Explain Inconsistent Relationships between Crop Diversity and Dietary Diversity? Evidence from 10 Sub-Saharan African Countries

Despite the robust literature base that has explored links between household crop diversity and children’s dietary diversity, evidence continues to yield mixed results regarding the efficacy of crop diversity in improving childhood dietary outcomes. Given the variance in the association between agrobiodiversity and dietary diversity, we identified wealth and distance to markets as potential factors that may impact these relationships. Through a series of Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regressions, this study examines the associations between crop diversity and dietary diversity among households at different levels of wealth in 10 sub-Saharan African countries. Drawing on the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series and Demographic and Health Surveys system, we find that the significance and direction of the association between crop diversity (as proxied using the Simpsons Diversity Index) and children’s dietary diversity (as measured using the Household Dietary Diversity Score) vary by wealth quintile across countries and households: in richer households, crop diversity has a negative effect on dietary diversity, and in poorer households, there is no significant effect. This study indicates the need to understand contextual factors that impact the relationship between agricultural diversity and dietary diversity to inform development policies.
Tenure, forest use and policies for reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+)

This study investigates gender differences in land ownership and use in northern Ethiopia. Femaleheaded households have 23% smaller owned landholdings and 54% smaller operational landholdings. Household endowments of non-land productive inputs are important, but decomposition analysis finds that differences in observable characteristics such as labor and oxen explain less than half of these differences, whereas the remaining differences can be attributed to differences in returns to these characteristics. The latter suggests a gender bias in the land allocation. The main policy recommendation is to strengthen women’s opportunities to cultivate their land and continue the process of securing women’s tenure rights. Acknowledgements: I would like to thank Arild Angelsen, Maren Bachke, Daniela Orge Fuentes, Caroline Wang Gierløff, Magnus Hatlebakk, Stein Holden, Shelly Lundberg and Gerald Shively, participants at the 2013 Nordic Conference in Developing Economics and two anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and suggestions on earlier versions of the paper. All remaining errors are my own. I would also like to acknowledge the funding for data collection from NORAD and data-collecting support by Hosa’ena Ghebru Hagos and other field work colleagues and enumerators for advice and support during data collection.
Efecto de diferentes niveles de salinidad en la germinación y vigor de semillas de cinco gramíneas forrajeras

La salinidad provoca serios problemas que afectan a los pastizales, disminuyendo la disponibilidad de alimentación ani mal en regiones áridas y semiáridas, por lo que se requiere la evaluación de genotipos tolerantes y resistentes al estrés salino. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto de diferentes niveles de salinidad con KCl en la capacidad de germinación y vigor de la semilla de cinco gramíneas forrajeras. La investigación, se realizó en laboratorio e invernadero en la Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro en Buenavista, Saltillo, Coah. , México, localizada a 25º 23’ LN y 103º 01’ LO, a una altitud de 1743 m. Se utilizó semilla de cinco especies de gramíneas forrajeras: pasto Buffel (Cenchrus ciliaris L.), pasto Rhodes (Chloris gayana L.), pasto Toledo (Brachiaria brizantha), Brachiaria hibrido cv. Mulato II y Panicum maximum cv. Tan zania. Los tratamientos evaluados en ambas condi-ciones fueron seis concentraciones de salinidad, utilizando KCl: 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 y 25 dS/m, como testigo se utilizó agua destilada. Las variables evaluadas fueron: capacidad de germinación con las pruebas de vigor, índice velocidad de germinación, índice velocidad de emergencia, longitud media de plúmula, longitud media de radícula y peso seco de plántulas. Se utilizó un diseño completamente al azar con arreglo factorial con cuatro repeticiones. Los resultados indican que existen diferencias altamente significativas entre especies en las variables estudiadas, en los dos ambientes. Se encontró que al incrementar las concentraciones salinas, se afectó directamente la germinación y el vigor, obteniendo así un mayor número de semillas sin germinar y plántulas anormales. Se concluye que las especies más tolerantes a las sales en germinación y vigor son Tanzania y Brizantha.
Sustainable Development in Management Thinking: Past Contributions, Present Challenges and Future Directions

The aim of this paper is to present the main arguments around the concept of sustainable development as a business perspective and the influence that this concept has brought to firms and their operations. It explains relevant literature on sustainable development describing its foundations, their current challenges and some of the future directions along which the concept can achieve its intended purpose. The arguments suggest that before calling for a massive green campaign in business, there are unresolved issues around the concept of sustainable development, there is a particular need to understand the real motivation of firms for sustainable. For example, at the industry level, a firm’s behavior is a complex issue to control – either through pre-established legal parameters or through a voluntary approach. The interest in sustainable practices has created important implications for managers in almost every industry looking to better understand the arguments around the concept of sustainable development and the commitment that firms should make to address these environmental challenges. Research centered only on economic benefits or only on environmental issues can lead to an incomplete vision of the opportunities for firms that both approaches can generate if they are correctly combined.