Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
HTA and innovative treatments evaluation: the case of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer

Purpose: To investigate the implications of the introduction of two hormonal therapies, abiraterone acetate + prednisone (AA+P) and enzalutamide (ENZA), for the treatment of naïve patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) in the Italian setting. Methods: In 2017 – 2018, a Health Technology Assessment was conducted in Italy, considering the National Healthcare Service (NHS) perspective. Data were retrieved from literature evidence, economic evaluations, and qualitative questionnaires, considering the 9 EUnetHTA dimensions, and a ﬁ nal multi-criteria approach. Results: On the basis of mCRPC prevalence and incidence rates in Italy, the analysis considered 11,212maleseligibleto eitherAA+PorENZAtreatments.Bothdrugsledtoanimprovementofthe patients'overallsurvival,withrespecttothestandardofcare,composedofdocetaxelchemotherapy. However, AA+P showed a higher rate of drug-related moderate adverse events and a monitoring activities incidence superior to ENZA (+70%, p -value=0.00), which led to a major resources absorption ( € 1,056.02 vs € 316.25, p -value=0.00), whereas ENZA showed a better cost-effectiveness average value (CEV: 54,586.12 vs 57,624.15). Economic savings ranging from 1.46% to 1.61% emerged for the NHS, as well as organizational advantages, with fewer minutes required for the mCRPC management (AA+P: 815 mins vs ENZA: 500 mins). According to experts ’ perceptions,basedona7-itemLikertscale(rangingfrom − 3to+3),similarresultsemerged on ethical and social impact (ENZA: 1.35 vs AA+P: 1.48, p -value>0.05), and on legal dimension (ENZA: 0.67 vs AA+P: 0.67, p -value>0.05), since both drugs improved the patients ’ quality of life and received approval for use. High-level perceptions related to ENZA adoption emerged with regardtoequity(ENZA:0.69vsAA+P:0.25, p -value<0.05),sinceitiscortisone-free.Multi-criteria approach analysis highlighted a higher score of ENZA than comparator (0.79 vs 0.60, p -value=0.00). Conclusion: The evidence-based information underlined the advantages of ENZA and AA+P treatments as therapeutic options for mCRPC patients. In the appraisal phase, the higher score than the comparator suggested ENZA as the preferred treatment for mCRPC.
Histologic assessment of the intestinal wall following duodenal mucosal resurfacing (DMR): a new procedure for the treatment of insulin-resistant metabolic disease

Background and study aims Minimally invasive procedures that replicate aspects of bariatric surgery with more favorable safety and tolerability offer an attractive alterna-tive in management of metabolic disease. Duodenal mucosal resurfacing (DMR), an endoscopic procedure using hydrothermal ablation, is designed to remove surface epithelium to allow subsequent epithelial regeneration and a reset to a more insulin-sensitive state. Materials and methods DMR was performed on a healthy pig under general anethesia, approximating the procedure designed for use in humans. Immediately post-DMR, analysis of the histological landscape was conducted in distinct duodenal areas that received ablation treatment. Results DMR submucosal lift and hydrothermal ablation elicited disruption of villous tips and partial disruption of the crypt base with no damage to deeper tissue. Excessive ablation (purposeful double ablation exposure) did incur damage to the underlying muscle layer. Conclusion Our results confirmed that DMR elicits superficial ablation of duodenal villi and crypts. Defining the cel-lular consequences of ablation and regeneration of the epithelium will aid our understanding of how and why DMR af-fects metabolic homeostasis.
[Treatment of Graves' ophthalmopathy with oral or intravenous corticosteroids].

BACKGROUND Oral or intravenous corticosteroids are the first choice of clinicians in medical treatment of Graves' ophthalmopathy. Most clinicians use high-dose intravenous corticosteroid pulse therapy only in cases of severe ophthalmopathy. However, there are reports about smaller side effects of intravenous steroids in comparison to oral therapy. Therefore, clinicians have the problem to choose the optimal therapy (oral vs. intravenous), duration of treatment and doses of corticosteroids. METHODS Randomized, controlled studies comparing oral versus intravenous corticosteroids in the therapy of Graves' ophthalmopathy were selected. RESULTS Both forms of application are able to reduce the clinical symptoms of Graves' ophthalmopathy. Therefore, oral and intravenous corticosteroid therapies are evidence-based. Most studies used uniform drug regimen protocols for oral application of corticosteroids with initial dosages of 60-100 mg (7-14 days) and dose reduction over several months. Drug regimen protocols for intravenous application were more different with initial dosages of 500-1,000 mg methylprednisolone at distinct intervals. Corticosteroid doses in the studies varied between 1-21 g. The beneficial therapeutic effect on clinical activity of Graves' ophthalmopathy was pronounced in the intravenous corticosteroid application form in two studies. CONCLUSION Oral and intravenous forms of corticosteroid therapy are appropriate to reduce clinical symptoms of Graves' ophthalmopathy. However, most of the published studies are not eligible to compare effectiveness and side effects of both therapy regimens and to identify the most appropriate method.
A study of geostrophic angular momentum transport by waves with period 1 to 30 days at the 500-mb surface and a mid-latitude station

Abstract : The winter-time transport of geostrophically computed angular momentum at 500 mb for the period 1 December 1955 to 28 February 1956 is obtained for Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan. This transport is subjected to a cospectral analysis to compute the contribution of harmonic waves with periods 1 - 30 days to the total angular momentum transport. Computations are made for two other stations, onegy, Kinetic theory, Integration, *Transport prop erties, *Theses. The winter-time transport of geostrophically computed angular momentum at 500 mb for the period 1 December 1955 to 28 February 1956 is obtained for Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan. This transport is subjected to a cospectral anaeast, and one south of Sault Ste, Marie for comparison of transport as related to general circulation processes.
Robust Fraud Detection via Supervised Contrastive Learning

Deep learning models have recently become popular for detecting malicious user activity sessions in computing platforms. In many real-world scenarios, only a few labeled malicious, and a large amount of normal sessions are available. These few labeled malicious sessions usually do not cover the entire diversity of all possible malicious sessions. In many scenarios, possible malicious sessions can be highly diverse. As a consequence, learned session representations of deep learning models can become ineffective in achieving a good generalization performance for unseen malicious sessions. To tackle this open-set fraud detection challenge, we propose a robust supervised contrastive learning based framework called ConRo, which specifically operates in the scenario where only a few malicious sessions having limited diversity is available. ConRo applies an effective data augmentation strategy to generate diverse potential malicious sessions. By employing these generated and available training set sessions, ConRo derives separable representations w.r. t the open-set fraud detection task by leveraging supervised contrastive learning. We empirically evaluate our ConRo framework and other state-of-the-art baselines on benchmark datasets. Our ConRo framework demonstrates noticeable performance improvement over state-of-the-art baselines.
Water repellent soils: a state-of-the-art

Water repellency in soils was first described by Schreiner and Shorey (1910), who found that some soils in California could not be wetted and thereby were not suitable for agriculture. Waxy organic substances were responsible for the water repellency. Other studies in the early 1900's on the fairy ring phenomenon suggested that water repellency could be caused by fungi. These fairy rings created unsightly, circular shaped areas in otherwise healthy turf and lawn. Bayliss (1911) reported on such water repellency and referred to earlier work in 1875 by Gilbert and Laws at Rothamsted which described the same phenomenon. Later, Shantz and Piemeisel (1917) confirmed that soil dryness was associated with fairy rings on grasslands in eastern Colorado.
Prediction of the SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV) 3C-like protease (3CL ) structure: virtual screening reveals velpatasvir,

We prepared the three-dimensional model of the SARS-CoV-2 (aka 2019-nCoV) 3C-like protease (3CL ) using the crystal structure of the highly similar (96% identity) ortholog from the SARS-CoV. All residues involved in the catalysis, substrate binding and dimerisation are 100% conserved. Comparison of the polyprotein PP1AB sequences showed 86% identity. The 3C-like cleavage sites on the coronaviral polyproteins are highly conserved. Based on the near-identical substrate specificities and high sequence identities, we are of the opinion that some of the previous progress of specific inhibitors development for the SARS-CoV enzyme can be conferred on its SARS-CoV-2 counterpart. With the 3CL molecular model, we performed virtual screening for purchasable drugs and proposed 16 candidates for consideration. Among these, the antivirals ledipasvir or velpatasvir are particularly attractive as therapeutics to combat the new coronavirus with minimal side effects, commonly fatigue and headache. The drugs Epclusa (velpatasvir/sofosbuvir) and Harvoni (ledipasvir/sofosbuvir) could be very effective owing to their dual inhibitory actions on two viral enzymes.
PGPM_A_235035 81..88

Hyun Jeong Kim* Nga Thi Trinh* Yunjeong Choi Woorim Kim Kyung Hyun Min Sang Oh Kang Joo Hee Kim 2 Hyoun-Ah Kim Ju-Yang Jung In Ah Choi 4 Kyung Eun Lee 1 1College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea; 2College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea; 3Department of Rheumatology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea; 4Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
Immersive interaction design based on perception of vector field climate data

Increasing the perception of climate data plays an important role in meteorological data analysis. However, the presentation and human–computer interaction of most existing climate data display systems is still limited to two-dimensional screen space, which affects the user’s acquisition analysis and understanding of data. In order to help users to obtain a greater degree of information and improve user experience, this paper designs a vector climate data perception system based on virtual reality and gesture interaction techniques by using data visualization and dynamic gesture interaction. The experiments show that the proposed intuitive visual analysis system of 3D space data provides users with a highly immersive data acquisition platform, and helps users to understand data more effectively.
MEDIA COVERAGE STYLE OF GLOBAL WARMING AND LEVEL OF PUBLIC ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF THE ISSUE: CASE STUDY ON SIN CHEW JIT POH AND NEWS STRAITS TIMES IN MALAYSIA FROM JANUARY 2010 TO MAY 2010

The level of public acknowledgement of global warming issues is still relatively low although there is quite a number of news reporting on global warming have been published by traditional media. A comparative study on coverage style of Sin Chew Daily and New Straits Times (NST) from January 2010 to May 2010 on global warming issues is conducted, in which the contexts such as lexicons, leads, headlines, placements, layouts and reporting style are analyzed to determine whether there is reasonable coverage on the issues. The researcher employed judgmental sampling where news articles which related to 全球暖化 (global warming) and 气候变化 (climate change) are collected for data. The researcher found out that Sin Chew Daily commonly used feature style of news reporting while New Straits Times mainly focused on hard news coverage. Sin Chew Daily had succeeded to increase the level of public acknowledgement of global warming issues by using narrative style of reporting in most of the news coverage, and it would be more efficient in provoking the public to act against global warming when coverage are based on human interest stories.
adherence to guideline-recommended therapies among patients with diverse manifestations of vascular disease

Background: Current guidelines recommend aspirin, statins, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), and smoking abstinence for all patients with vascular disease. There is little data on the variation in adherence to guideline-recommended therapies among patients with different clinical manifestations of vascular disease. Purpose: To analyze the variation in adherence to guideline-recommended therapies among patients with diverse manifestations of vascular disease. Methods: We analyzed a comprehensive database of all patients with critical limb ischemia, claudication, acute limb ischemia, carotid artery stenosis, subclavian artery stenosis, renal artery stenosis, or mesenteric ischemia who underwent angiography between 2006 and 2013 at a multidisciplinary vascular center. Results: Among 1,114 patients with vascular disease, adherence to guideline-recommended therapy at time of angiography included use of aspirin in 936 (84%), statins in 753 (68%), ACEIs in 673 (60%), and smoking abstinence in 788 (71%). A total of 335 (30%) patients utilized all four guideline-recommended therapies. Adherence to four guideline-recommended therapies was lowest among patients with acute limb ischemia (14%) and highest among patients with renal artery stenosis (37%). Among all patients with vascular disease, the range of adherence to individual guidelines was 64%–91% for aspirin, 43%–83% for statins, 49%–66% for ACEIs, and 47%–78% for smoking abstention. Conclusion: The majority of patients with diverse manifestations of vascular disease take aspirin and abstain from smoking while fewer patients are prescribed ACEIs and statins. Among the current recommendations, statins have the widest variation in adherence. Less than one-third of patients with diverse manifestations of vascular disease are prescribed all four guideline-recommended therapies.
OTT_A_243953 2275..2288

1School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Neurosurgery, Yuquan Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100040, People’s Republic of China; 3State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, People’s Republic of China Background: Polyphyllin VI (PPVI), a bioactive component derived from a traditional
Entrepreneurship, Geography, and American Economic Growth. Zoltan J. Acs and Catherine Armington

Zoltan Acs has been one of the most prolific contributors to the literature describing regional variation in entrepreneurship and innovation rates, having written dozens of articles on these issues. Following in this line, Entrepreneurship, Geography, and American Economic Growth, written together with Catherine Armington, combines the analyses from their recent papers with a theoretical overview and several sets of supplemental analyses that provide greater detail on the correlates of entrepreneurship and economic growth.
Enterale Ernährung bei Frühgeborenen – ein Update

Die enterale Ernährung von Früh- und Neugeborenen bietet ernährungsphysiologische Vorteile, fördert die Darmentwicklung und wirkt sich positiv auf Morbidität und Mortalität aus. Dieser Beitrag liefert einen Überblick über die enterale Ernährung bei Frühgeborenen unter Berücksichtigung der neusten Empfehlungen der European Society for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN).
System Report for CCL23-Eval Task 6: A Method For Telecom Network Fraud Case Classification Based on Two-stage Training Framework and Within-task Pretraining

“Domain-specific text classification often needs more external knowledge, and fraud cases havefewer descriptions. Existing methods usually utilize single-stage deep models to extract semanticfeatures, which is less reusable. To tackle this issue, we propose a two-stage training frameworkbased on within-task pretraining and multi-dimensional semantic enhancement for CCL23-EvalTask 6 (Telecom Network Fraud Case Classification, FCC). Our training framework is dividedinto two stages. First, we pre-train using the training corpus to obtain specific BERT. The seman-tic mining ability of the model is enhanced from the feature space perspective by introducing ad-versarial training and multiple random sampling. The pseudo-labeled data is generated throughthe test data above a certain threshold. Second, pseudo-labeled samples are added to the trainingset for semantic enhancement based on the sample space dimension. We utilize the same back-bone for prediction to obtain the results. Experimental results show that our proposed methodoutperforms the single-stage benchmarks and achieves competitive performance with 0.859259F1. It also performs better in the few-shot patent classification task with 65.160% F1, whichindicates robustness. ”
REDISCOVERING THE PRINCIPLES OF ECO-CITY AS SPATIAL ATTRIBUTES IN TRADITIONAL HOUSING SETTLEMENT: THE CASE OF URFA IN SOUTHEASTERN ANATOLIA

Urban spaces are generally defined and created by physical and non-physical entities. Among these entities buildings play important role in defing urban spaces. These open spaces come into being as a part of building (a private courtyard), as spaces between buildings for semi-public activities in cul-de-sac (as extensions of indoor/courtyard), or as common public gathering and thoroughfare spaces, in a settlement. Yet, these spaces have been studied and analyzed according to different physical and social aspects. But, this paper studies these spaces in different manner inspired from Dominsky`s three domains 'Reuse, Reduce and Recycle' of the outcomes of sustainable settlement. However, in this paper, these three 'Rs' are used as tools to enhance the sustainability of urban spaces and their ecological importance for a society both physically and morally. The objective of this paper is to explore the criteria of ecological sustainability and adaptation of changing society to traditional Anatolian settlements, and to derive physical issues and features of suatinabile design and planning for new sttelements in hot arid regions.
System Report for CCL23-Eval Task 7: Chinese Grammatical Error Diagnosis Based on Model Fusion

“The purpose of the Chinese Grammatical Error Diagnosis task is to identify the positions andtypes of grammar errors in Chinese texts.In Track 2 of CCL2023-CLTC, Chinese grammarerrors are classified into four categories: Redundant Words, Missing Words, Word Selection, andWord Ordering Errors. We conducted data filtering, model research, and model fine-tuning insequence. Then, we performed weighted fusion of models based on perplexity calculations andintroduced various post-processing strategies. As a result, the performance of the model on thetest set, measured by COM, reached 49.12. ”
Polyculturalism research should develop further before recommending organizational implementation strategies

Polyculturalism could represent an important contribution to future organizational diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) strategies, but the polyculturalism research may not be developed enough to contribute to current organizational DEI strategies. Because of the underdeveloped status of the research, “no major criticisms have been raised about polyculturalism at this point” (Valenzuela & Bernardo, 2023, p. 29). This lack of criticism prevents researchers from systematically addressing the limitations of this ideology when developing recommendations for how to successfully integrate polyculturalism into organizational DEI strategies. Consequently, I argue that the literature must be further developed and provide a nonexhaustive list of concerns that should be addressed before researchers recommend the integration of polyculturalism into DEI strategies.
Humans in Love Are Singing Birds: Socially-Mediated Brain Activity in Language Production

Abstract This functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study investigated whether and how the human speech production circuit is mediated by social factors. Participants recited a poem in the MRI scanner while viewing pictures of their lover, unknown persons, or houses to simulate different social contexts. The results showed, as expected, the recruitment of the speech production circuit during recitation. However, for the first time, we demonstrated that this circuit is tightly linked to the network underlying social cognition. The socially relevant contexts (familiar and unfamiliar persons) elicited the recruitment of a widespread bilateral circuit including regions such as the amygdala, anterior cingulate, and orbitofrontal cortex, in contrast to the non-socially relevant context (houses). We also showed a neural gradient generated by the differences in the social relevance of affective and nonaffective contexts. This study opens up a novel line of research into socially mediated speech production, revealing drastic differences in brain activation when performing the same speech production task in different social contexts. Interestingly, the analogous avian anterior neural pathway in the zebra finch is also differentially activated when the bird sings facing a (potential) mate or alone. Thus, this study suggests that despite important phylogenetic differences, speech production in humans is based, as in songbirds, on a complex neural circuitry that is modulated by evolutionarily primordial aspects such as the social relevance of the addressee.
System Report for CCL23-Eval Task 9: HUST1037 Explore Proper Prompt Strategy for LLM in MRC Task

“Our research paper delves into the Adversarial Robustness Evaluation for Chinese Gaokao Read-ing Comprehension (GCRC advRobust). While Chinese reading comprehension tasks havegained significant attention in recent years, previous methods have not proven effective for thischallenging dataset. We focus on exploring how prompt engineering can impact a model’s read-ing comprehension ability. Through our experiments using ChatGLM, GPT3.5, and GPT4, wediscovered a correlation between prompt and LLM reading comprehension ability, and found thatprompt engineering improves the performance of each model. Our team submitted the results ofour system evaluation, which ranked first in three indexes and total scores.Keywords— LLM, Prompt, Chinese Reading Comprehension”
Lexical Complexity Controlled Sentence Generation for Language Learning

“Language teachers spend a lot of time developing good examples for language learners.For this reason, we define a new task for language learning, lexical complexity controlledsentence generation, which requires precise control over the lexical complexity in thekeywords to examples generation and better fluency and semantic consistency. The chal-lenge of this task is to generate fluent sentences only using words of given complexitylevels. We propose a simple but effective approach for this task based on complexityembedding while controlling sentence length and syntactic complexity at the decodingstage. Compared with potential solutions, our approach fuses the representations of theword complexity levels into the model to get better control of lexical complexity. Andwe demonstrate the feasibility of the approach for both training models from scratch andfine-tuning the pre-trained models. To facilitate the research, we develop two datasetsin English and Chinese respectively, on which extensive experiments are conducted. Ex-perimental results show that our approach provides more precise control over lexicalcomplexity, as well as better fluency and diversity. ”