Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multiple Shift Workforce Lower Bounds

Previous lower bounds on workforce size have been derived from the consideration that the number of working shifts which can be provided by the workers over a given period of time must be at least as large as the number of working shifts required by the staffing demands over that period. None of those bounds incorporates the effect of constraints on the changing of shifts in a multiple shift manpower scheduling problem. This paper utilizes a network model of the problem to model its multiple shift aspect and provide new lower bounds on workforce size. For some common special cases of constraints these lower bounds can be calculated by band. For some common special cases of demands the multiple shift lower bounds degenerate to the single shift lower bounds.
Implantierbare Hörsysteme

Zusammenfassung In den letzten Jahren hat sich die kombinierte Schwerhörigkeit als wesentliche Indikation für implantierbare Hörsysteme herauskristallisiert. In Abhängig von der Knochenleitungshörschwelle stehen verschiedene Optionen zur Verfügung: Patienten mit geringgradiger sensorineuraler Schwerhörigkeit profitieren in der Regel von transkutanen BCI, während die perkutanen BCI-Systeme ihre Vorteile im Übergangsbereich zu mittelgradigem Hörverlust ausspielen. Für kombinierte Hörverluste mit ausgeprägtem mittelgradigem und hochgradigem cochleärem Hörverlust schließlich bietet sich die Versorgung mit aktiven Mittelohrimplantaten an. Bei der Sekundärversorgung von Patienten mit Unverträglichkeiten oder Operationen des Mittelohrs sind diese Implantate eine wertvolle und bewährte Ergänzung des therapeutischen Arsenals.
Bestens ausgerüstet

Zusammenfassung APN in der Intensivpflege Die komplexe Versorgung und die häufige Multimorbidität von intensivpflichtigen Patienten erfordern hohe Kompetenz und ausgezeichnete Zusammenarbeit im interprofessionellen Team. Advanced Practice Nurses (APN), die über einen Abschluss als Master of Science verfügen, haben vertiefte und erweiterte Kompetenzen erlangt, um eine hohe Pflege- und Versorgungsqualität am Patientenbett zu leisten und gleichzeitig die Zusammenarbeit in interprofessionellen Teams zu unterstützen und zu fördern.
Communication lower bounds and optimal algorithms for numerical linear algebra*†

The traditional metric for the efficiency of a numerical algorithm has been the number of arithmetic operations it performs. Technological trends have long been reducing the time to perform an arithmetic operation, so it is no longer the bottleneck in many algorithms; rather, communication, or moving data, is the bottleneck. This motivates us to seek algorithms that move as little data as possible, either between levels of a memory hierarchy or between parallel processors over a network. In this paper we summarize recent progress in three aspects of this problem. First we describe lower bounds on communication. Some of these generalize known lower bounds for dense classical (O(n3)) matrix multiplication to all direct methods of linear algebra, to sequential and parallel algorithms, and to dense and sparse matrices. We also present lower bounds for Strassen-like algorithms, and for iterative methods, in particular Krylov subspace methods applied to sparse matrices. Second, we compare these lower bounds to widely used versions of these algorithms, and note that these widely used algorithms usually communicate asymptotically more than is necessary. Third, we identify or invent new algorithms for most linear algebra problems that do attain these lower bounds, and demonstrate large speed-ups in theory and practice.
Die Echotherapie als nichtinvasives Therapieverfahren von Schilddrüsenveränderungen

Zusammenfassung Fokussierter Ultraschall gewinnt durch die Echotherapiebehandlung auch im Einsatz bei Schilddrüsenveränderungen zunehmend an Bedeutung. Der vorliegende Beitrag gibt Einblicke in den Einsatz der Echotherapie und den Ablauf einer Behandlung, sowie die klinischen Erfahrungen und Zukunftsperspektiven. Studien bei der Therapie von gutartigen symptomatischen Schilddrüsenknoten konnten bereits signifikante Volumenreduktionen des krankhaften Gewebes und eine damit verbundene Verbesserung der Symptomatik zeigen. Zudem konnte eine gute Verträglichkeit und ein geringes Risiken- und Nebenwirkungsprofil demonstriert werden.
Hierarchical optimal control of oversaturated urban traffic networks

A simple discrete-time model of oversaturated urban traffic networks is suggested, and an optimal control problem of traffic signals during the rush hour is formulated. To solve this optimal control problem, an hierarchical optimization method is also suggested which is based upon the idea that the overall system can be decomposed into subsystems with only one input and one state by means of additional controls and equality constraints.
Tornadoes and Downbursts in the Context of Generalized Planetary Scales

Abstract In order to cover a wide range of horizontal dimensions of airflow, the author proposes a series of five scales, maso, meso, miso (to be read as my-so), moso and muso arranged in the order of the vowels, A, E, 1, O, U. The dimensions decrease by two orders of magnitude per scale, beginning with the planet's equator length chosen to be the maximum dimension of masoscale for each planet. Mesoscale highs and lows were described on the basis of mesoanalyses, while sub-mesoscale disturbances were depicted by cataloging over 20 000 photographs of wind effects taken from low-flying aircraft during the past 15 years. Various motion thus classified into these scales led to a conclusion that extreme winds induced by thunderstorms are associated with misoscale and mososcale airflow spawned by the parent. mesoscale disturbances.
Resting hearing thresholds in children aged 7-10 years

Resting hearing thresholds were measured in 107 children in 7-10 years of age category, from primary schools in Warsaw. The children were recruited regardless of the priority of these in which problems with hearing acuity were observed or these in which such problems might have been expected on the grounds of their children-illness history. The measurements were performed with the use of tonal audiometry with intermittent 250/250ms signal, in the range of frequencies from 100Hz to 16kHz. In the children with deeper hearing loss, both air and bone conduction procedures were used. In the tested group normal hearing within [ampersand]plusmn;10dB was found in only 13% of the children. In the rest of the group hearing loss of various nature was found, i.e.: wideband hearing loss (8%), high frequency (24%), selective V-dip type (36%), low frequency (54%) and deep hearing loss of various configurations (16%). In the fraction with low frequency hearing loss often conductive hearing loss was found, whilst in the case of high frequency hearing loss, bone conduction audiometry indicated sensorineural type of hearing loss. High frequency hearing loss, selective and low frequency hearing loss in excess of 20dB was found in 25% of the children tested. In the fraction with deep hearing loss in 25% of the children tested, hearing loss of approximately 40dB was found.
Time-varying discrete-time signal expansions as time-varying filter banks

The time-varying discrete-time signal expansion was analysed based on the theory of time-varying filter banks in detail. A general definition of time-varying discrete-time wavelet transforms is provided. Usually, a time-varying discrete-time signal expansion can be implemented using a time-varying filter bank. Using the time-varying filter bank theory, the authors developed a useful algorithm to calculate the dual basis function in a biorthogonal time-varying discrete-time signal expansion. Example is given to show the usage of the algorithm. In the last part, the authors provide a detailed analysis of the general time-varying discrete-time wavelet transform. Some useful properties of the time-varying discrete-time wavelet transform including their proofs are given. The relationship between the tree-structured implementation and the non-uniform filter bank implementation is discussed.
Vanishing torsion of parametric curves

We consider the class of parametric curves that can be represented by combination of control points and basis functions. A control point is let vary while the rest is held fixed. It’s shown that the locus of the moving control point that yields points of zero torsion is the osculating plane of the corresponding discriminant curve at its point of the same parameter value. The special case is studied when the basis functions sum to one.
Hörgeräteversorgung für Erwachsene

Zu den grundlegenden Aufgaben des Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Arztes zählen die Diagnostik und Behandlung von Hörstörungen. Hierbei kommt der Hörgeräteversorgung eine besondere Rolle zu. Neben dem Wissen um die allgemeine Funktionsweise der unterschiedlichen Hörgerätetypen ist es hilfreich, weitere Hilfsmittel sowie die audiologischen und anatomischen Grenzen der konventionellen Hörgeräteversorgung zu kennen. Abstract The identification and treatment of hearing disorders belong to the fundamental tasks of an ENT-specialist. In this context the fitting of hearing aids has a special relevance. To verify a highly qualified medical care the knowledge of the audiological threshold values for the indication of the fitting of hearing aids and the detection of early signs for impaired communication are essential. The current quality assurance agreement defines technical and steric conditions pertaining to hearing aid fitting in the context of statutory health insurance. Only after approval of these postulated requirements the attending physician is allowed to bring to account his effort. The current regulations on medical devices specify both the basic requirement for a medical prescription and the expenses for hearing aids that are covered by the healthy insurances. A qualified hearing aid fitting is only possible if the ENT-specialist not only prescribes the device, but also conscientiously checks the comparative adjustments made by the hearing aid acoustician. Beside the knowledge about the general mode of operation and the different types of hearing aids ENT-specialist should know audiological and anatomic limits for the fitting of hearing aids.
Programmable hearing aid

The invention relates to a programmable hearing aid with an amplifier and transmission section whose transmission characteristics can be controlled, with a control unit (1), with a transmitter for wireless transmission of control signals to the hearing aid (6) and a receiver (7) located therein for receiving and demodulating control signals, whereby the external control unit (1) contains an initial memory (20) for some of the parameters which determine the transmission characteristics of the hearing aid, a control panel with entry keypad (5) for recalling such parameters from the memory, a transmitter (4) which can be modulated with these parameters as control signals and a digital control unit (3) and whereby the hearing aid contains a further control unit (8) which can be activated by the control signals after they have been demodulated, for control of the transmission section.
Placebo-Effekte bei chronischen Schmerzen: Forschungsstand und klinische Anwendung

Spielte der Placebo-Effekt in der Vergangenheit vorwiegend eine (eher unliebsame) Rolle bei randomisierten kontrollierten Studien, so treten nun vermehrt die mit dem Placebo-Effekt verbundenen Chancen und Möglichkeiten in den Vordergrund. Auch Patienten mit chronischen Schmerzen scheinen durch den Placebo-Effekt von einer wirksameren Behandlung profitieren zu können: durch eine gezielte Beeinflussung des therapeutischen Kontexts.
Activation, aggregation and adhesion of platelets exposed to high intensity focused ultrasound

High intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is being considered as a noninvasive method to halt internal bleeding, thus we investigated the capability of HIFU to produce "acoustic primary hemostasis", including platelet activation, aggregation and adhesion to a collagen-coated surface. Various HIFU doses were applied to platelet rich plasma (PRP) with and without ultrasound contrast agents. Flow cytometry, laser aggregometry, environmental scanning electron microscopy and passive cavitation detection were used to quantify platelet activation, aggregation, adhesion and associated cavitation. HIFU can activate platelets and cause them to adhere to a collagen-coated surface. Cavitation was monitored during aggregation trials and was quantified to provide a relative measure of the amount of cavitation that occurred in each aggregation trial. Regression analysis shows weak correlation between aggregation and intensity, and a strong correlation between aggregation and cavitation occurrence.
Behavior of Turbulence Statistics in the Convective Boundary Layer

Abstract Velocity variances in the convective boundary layer are examined using data derived in PBL experiments over land (Minnesota) and ocean (the Coral Sea) supported by data from the Kansas study of the surface boundary layer. In the freely convective limit, the data clearly support scaling of σw by the convective Velocity w* instead of u*, as is common in modern treatments. The freely convective limit appears to be 0.59 for both σw/w* and σv/w*. The available data are compatible with relationships based on additive contributions to total variance by mechanical and buoyant forces. The resulting relations areThese relations collapse back to the neutral values derived from the Kansas experiment. Similar analyses for temperature variance are somewhat less revealing; however, the available data indicate that scaling by convective properties alone is quite adequate. Hence,where θ* = H/ρcpw*. These relations appear to apply over the bulk of the convective PBL, from z/zi ≈ 0.1 to at least z/zi = 0.6, but ext.
Der Einfluss des Body Mass Index auf die Mobilisation von Patienten in der Frührehabilitation

Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Die Mobilisierung stellt in der Frührehabilitation adipöser Patienten eine zentrale Aufgabe und gleichzeitig eine besondere Herausforderung dar. Insbesondere bei höhergradiger Adipositas ist ein erhöhter Personal- und Materialaufwand notwendig. In der vorliegenden Arbeit soll der Zusammenhang zwischen Body Mass Index und der Entwicklung der mobilitätsbezogenen Funktionsfähigkeit untersucht werden. Material und Methoden Diese retrospektive Kohortenstudie wurde an einer Stichprobe von n=129 initial immobilen Patienten in der fachübergreifenden Frührehabilitation (FR) an einer Universitätsklinik durchgeführt. Hauptzielkriterium war der Mobilisierungsfortschritt der Patienten. Die Mobilität wurde mittels Charité Mobilitäts-Index erfasst (CHARMI®, eine Mobilitäts-Rangskala von 0 bis 10 Punkten). Die Mobilisierungsfortschritte (CHARMI®-Werte pro Behandlungstag) wurden nach BMI-Gruppen verglichen. Ergebnisse Die Gruppen der Normalgewichtigen (0,13 CHARMI-Punkte/Tag) und der Untergewichtigen (0,13) zeigten eine schnellere Mobilisierung als die Gruppen der Übergewichtigen (0,11) und der Adipösen (0,09). Adipöse Patienten erreichen am Ende der Frührehabilitation zwar annähernd das gleiche Mobilisationsniveau wie Patienten ohne Übergewicht, benötigen hierfür jedoch im Median 9 Tage länger (29 statt 20) als Normalgewichtige. Diskussion Die Verteilung der Werte zeigt eine lineare Assoziation zwischen einem erhöhten BMI und geringeren Mobilisierungsfortschritten. Diese beschriebene Assoziation besteht trotz maximaler Therapiedichte und Mehraufwand für stark adipöse Patienten in der durchgeführten Frührehabilitation. Klinisch lässt sich daraus folgern, dass durch eine Maximalversorgung auch bei schwer adipösen Patienten eine Mobilisierung erzielt werden kann, die annähernd der von normalgewichtigen Patienten entspricht. Dieser Zustand kann jedoch nur mit einem deutlichen Mehraufwand an Personal, Material und Zeit erreicht werden.
Ernährungsmedizinische Aspekte in der Rheumatologie

Zusammenfassung Für die Entzündungshemmung durch Omega-3-Fettsäuren haben Metaanalysen den Evidenzgrad IA ermittelt. Darüber hinaus belegen GCP-Studien (GCP: Good Clinical Practice) den zusätzlichen Effekt der antiinflammatorischen Ernährung auf die Gelenkentzündung, den Bedarf an nicht steroidalen Antirheumatika und Glukokortikoiden und sogar auf die Manifestation der Arteriosklerosefolgen. Komponenten der antiinflammatorischen Ernährung sind die Senkung der Arachidonsäurezufuhr durch eine vegetarisch ausgerichtete Kost und die optimale Versorgung mit Antioxidanzien, Spurenelementen, sekundären Pflanzenstoffen und Mineralstoffen. Die Überprüfung der Zufuhr der Arachidonsäure und der Eicosapentaensäure mittels des fokussierten Food-Frequency-Questionnaire sollte durch die Bestimmung des Fettsäurespektrums in den Erythrozytenlipiden ergänzt werden. Zusätzlich sind die Begleit- und Folgeerkrankungen, körperlichen Einschränkungen sowie soziale und psychische Belastungen zu berücksichtigen, die in Kooperation mit Ergo-, Psycho- und Physiotherapeuten therapiert werden. Die Ernährungstherapie kann die Pharmakotherapie nicht ersetzen, sondern soll diese unterstützen und hilft, als eine wichtige adjuvante Behandlung, den Therapieerfolg zu verbessern und die Compliance des Patienten zu fördern. Prostaglandine sind an allen entzündlich-rheumatischen Prozessen beteiligt. Sie entstehen aus der Omega-6-Arachidonsäure, die im Körper gebildet werden kann, aber hauptsächlich mit der Nahrung zugeführt wird. Deshalb ist die richtige Ernährung bei Rheuma ein wichtiger Eckpfeiler der Therapie. Um die Patientenbetreuung zu optimieren, empfiehlt sich eine fächerübergreifende Zusammenarbeit von Spezialisten.
Efficient dye-sensitized solar cells using electrospun TiO2 nanofibers as a light harvesting layer

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanofibers were fabricated directly onto thick nanoparticle electrodes by using electrospinning and sol-gel techniques. After calcination, the anatase TiO2 nanofibers obtained exhibited a one-dimensional structure of high crystallinity and average diameter of ∼250nm. Dye (N719) sensitized photoelectrochemical cells comprised of a nanoparticle/nanofiber electrode were fabricated. An IPCE of 85% at the wavelength of 540nm with conversion efficiencies of 8.14% and 10.3% (for areas of 0.25 and 0.052cm2, respectively) were obtained under 1.5 AM (100mW∕cm2) illumination.
Finite-Dimensional Adaptive H∞ Consensus Control for Infinite-Dimensional Systems

Design methodologies of finite-dimensional adaptive H∞ consensus control of multi-agent systems composed of a class of infinite-dimensional systems are provided in this paper. The proposed control schemes are derived as solutions of certain H∞ control problems, where the effects of neglected infinite-dimensional modes and the imperfect knowledge of the leader are regarded as external disturbances to the process. It is shown that the resulting control systems are robust to uncertain system parameters and that the desirable consensus tracking is achieved approximately via finite-dimensional adaptive control schemes.
Non-steady electro-osmotic flow of a micropolar fluid in a microchannel

We formulated the initial-boundary-value problem of non-steady electro-osmotic flow of a micropolar fluid in a rectangular microchannel of height much larger than the Debye length and length much larger the height. Solving the governing differential equations numerically when a spatially uniform electric field is applied as an impulse of finite magnitude, we found that the effect is instantaneous on the flow, just as for simple Newtonian fluids. The decay times of the fluid velocity and the microrotation, however, are smaller in micropolar fluids than in simple Newtonian fluids. The maximum magnitude of microrotation decreases as the micropolarity increases. The effect of microrotation on the stress tensor is more dominant than that of the fluid speed, and a threshold effect with respect to the magnitude of the zeta potential is evident in the spatial profile of the couple stress tensor. We expect similar trends even when the applied electric field varies over some finite interval of time.
STELLAR ELEMENTAL ABUNDANCE PATTERNS: IMPLICATIONS FOR PLANET FORMATION

The solar photosphere is depleted in refractory elements compared to most solar twins, with the degree of depletion increasing with an element's condensation temperature. Here, I show that adding 4 Earth masses of Earth-like and carbonaceous-chondrite-like material to the solar convection zone brings the Sun's composition into line with the mean value for the solar twins. The observed solar composition could have arisen if the Sun's convection zone accreted material from the solar nebula that was depleted in refractory elements due to the formation of the terrestrial planets and ejection of rocky protoplanets from the asteroid belt. Most solar analogs are missing 0–10 Earth masses of rocky material compared to the most refractory-rich stars, providing an upper limit to the mass of rocky terrestrial planets that they possess. The missing mass is correlated with stellar metallicity. This suggests that the efficiency of planetesimal formation increases with stellar metallicity. Stars with and without known giant planets show a similar distribution of abundance trends. If refractory depletion is a signature of the presence of terrestrial planets, this suggests that there is not a strong correlation between the presence of terrestrial and giant planets in the same system.
DETECTION OF STAR STREAMS AND TURBULENCE IN NEARBY GALAXIES: POWER SPECTRUM ANALYSIS OF SPITZER IMAGES

Fourier transform power spectra of azimuthal scans in 33 galaxies imaged with the Infrared Array Camera on the Spitzer Space Telescope show an approximate power-law structure over a wide range of wavenumbers with a gradual steepening from 3.6 or 4.5 μm to 8.0 μm, in the order of an increasing contribution from gas and dust. At radii with active star formation, the average of the slopes of the 8 μm power spectra at intermediate spatial frequencies is about the same for all galaxies, independent of spiral arm morphology. These power spectra are reminiscent of turbulence, although the 8 μm slopes, averaging −2.0, are slightly steeper than expected (−1.7). Reconstructed images using only these intermediate spatial frequencies at 4.5 μm show aging star complexes distorted by shear. These sheared features illustrate the transition from a hierarchical structure during star formation into azimuthal star streams like the Pleiades moving group in the Solar neighborhood. This is the first time that young star streams have been observed in spiral galaxies other than the Milky Way.
Significant Enhancement of Electronic Thermal Conductivity of Two-Dimensional Zero-Gap Systems by Bipolar-Diffusion Effect

Electrical conductivity (σ), thermopower (S), electronic thermal conductivity (κe), and Lorentz ratio (L = κe/σT) are examined for two-dimensional (2D) zero-gap systems. The bipolar-diffusion (BD) effect in 2D Dirac cones is discussed for the first time. Semiclassical calculations show that L is enhanced by a factor of 200–400% as compared with the conventional Sommerfeld value L0 = 2.45 × 10−8 W·Ω·K−2 due to the BD effect. It is, however, shown that this enhancement is not due to the linear dispersion of the Dirac cones but due to the zero band gap and is widely expected to occur in all zero-gap systems under its charge neutrality condition. Calculations taking into account electron–hole puddles revealed that the BD effect is suppressed in pristine graphene devices affected by charged-impurity potentials.
Effect of source wavelength instability on the performance of a system using chirped fiber Bragg grating as dispersion compensators

The effect of source wavelength instability on the performance of a system using chirped fiber Bragg gratings as dispersion compensators is numerically investigated, by which it's shown that source wavelength instability will surely induce an additional penalty for the system. And quantified relations of the EOP induced by group delay ripples and reflection ripples with the extent of wavelength instability is given.