Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Contribution of water vapor to observational estimates of longwave cloud radiative forcing

[1] It has been long recognized that cloud-free regions are typically associated with drier air, whereas cloudy regions typically are associated with more moisture. Using Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (AMSR-E) passive microwave observations, we estimated the bias between water vapor path (WVP) of clear-sky and all-sky conditions. Furthermore, we assessed the impact of these biases on longwave cloud radiative forcing (CRF). Results indicate that, in a zonal mean sense, the difference between all-sky and clear-sky WVP estimates is around 2 mm, with highest values in the midlatitudes summer, where differences up to 7 mm occur. The corresponding CRF change forced by these WVP changes is about 2 W m−2 in a zonal mean sense. Highest values occur in the midlatitudes of the northern hemisphere in which a magnitude up to 6 W m−2 is shown. Over the convectively active regions, the WVP contributed CRF appears to be smaller than 5 W m−2, substantially smaller than the CRF contributed by upper tropospheric water vapor only, suggesting that a significant portion of satellite-estimated CRF over the tropics is contributed by the redistribution of water vapor associated with convection development.
Estimating Flood Discharges in Reservoir-Regulated River Basins by Integrating Synthetic SWOT Satellite Observations and Hydrologic Modeling

AbstractLakes and reservoirs are widely used for water supply and flood control, especially during large storm events. In hydrologic modeling applications, accounting for the regulated behavior of reservoirs distributed throughout a river system poses a significant challenge, especially during flood events, when detailed reservoir operation rules and strategies are implemented. Building on this problem, this study addresses this question: Can we model reservoir water storage changes and outlet discharges based on satellite measurements of river water surface elevation and inundated areas especially during the flood event? A method is presented and evaluated using synthetic observations as a proxy for measurements from the forthcoming surface water and ocean topography (SWOT) satellite mission. The May 2010 flood event in the Cumberland River Basin is used as a case study. Based on synthetic SWOT observation, time series of water storage changes are generated and evaluated for eight reservoirs. As expected.
Mutilevel Governance: Policy and Interpretive Approaches in One European Region

Academics have argued for more interpretive approaches to public policy development. This paper outlines how such interpretive approaches have been undertaken in one European region, Northern Ireland, during the period of civil unrest when the province was oft-considered a European Commission social laboratory. The article explores one interpretive policy approach funded under European Structural Policy, and considers how such processes can validate ethnographic approaches to policy making. The policy study raises issues of the impact of globalization upon the local, the development of democracy, particularly in post-conflict situations, as well as the shifting boundaries between the state and civil society. The article concludes with a discussion of the general merits of hermeneutical interpretive approaches and their associated theories to the maintenance of liberal democracy, strong civil society, and human flourishing.
acetate as a potent antifungal compound against opportunistic human and phytopathogenic mold Macrophomina phaseolina

Antifungal activity of Monotheca buxifolia methanolic extract and its various fractions were assessed against Macrophomina phaseolina, a soil-borne fungal pathogen of more than 500 vegetal species as well as rare and emerging opportunistic human pathogen. Different concentrations of methanolic extract (3.125 to 200 mg mL −1 ) inhibited fungal biomass by 39–45%. Isolated n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions suppressed fungal biomass by 32–52%, 29–50% and 29–35%, respectively. Triterpenes lupeol and lupeol acetate (1, 2) were isolated from n-hexane while betulin, β-sitosterol, β-amyrin, oleanolic acid (3–6) were isolated from chloroform fraction. Vanillic acid, protocatechuic acid, kaempferol and quercetin (7–10) were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction and identified using various spectroscopic techniques namely mass spectroscopy and NMR. Antifungal activity of different concentrations (0.0312 to 2 mg mL −1 ) of the isolated compounds was evaluated and compared with the activity of a broad spectrum fungicide mancozeb. Different concentrations of mencozeb reduced fungal biomass by 83–85%. Among the isolated compounds lupeol acetate (2) was found the highest antifungal against M. phaseolina followed by betulin (3), vanillic acid (7), protocatechuic
The Application of Inbound Marketing to Improve Business Performance: Systematic Literature Review L’application de l’Inbound Marketing pour la promotion de la performance commerciale : Revue de Littérature Systématique

: In an ever-changing context characterised by a digital shift, companies are obliged to follow this evolution and accompany the digital transition, that customers contact entails now, this digital transition should affect all the strategies implemented in the company, in particular, by introducing new techniques into their marketing strategies, in particular the Inbound Marketing approach. This methodology allows companies that adopt it the creation of relevant and attractive content, which is distributed on the digital media owned by the brand, with the aim of encouraging their voluntary commitment to the company and the initiation and maintenance of a social, close and shared relationship that can guarantee their loyalty in the long term. This new concept has certainly aroused the interest of practitioners in the field, however, academic research on inbound marketing does not study the effect of its use on companies’ business performance. In this article we propose a systematic literature review based on the PRISMA (Preferred Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) method, through which we conscientiously study the concept of Inbound Marketing and propose a synthetic definition of it, as well as Key Performance Indicators to measure it, then we examine all the intrinsic facets of companies Business Performance and finally we analyse the relationship between these two variables. The result of our work can serve as an initial and fruitful basis for future research in this field, offering scientists a considerable synthesis for the proposal of a conceptual model studying the relationship between Inbound Marketing and companies Business Performance.
Misreporting in a randomized clinical trial for smoking cessation Misreporting in a randomized clinical trial for smoking cessation in adolescents in adolescents

Introduction— Misreporting smoking behavior is common among younger smokers participating in clinical trials for smoking cessation. This study focused on the prevalence of and factors associated with adolescent misreporting of smoking behaviors within the context of a randomized clinical trial for smoking cessation. Methods— Adolescent smokers (N=129) participated in a randomized clinical trial that compared two brief interventions for smoking cessation. Following the final (6-month) follow up, a confidential, self-administered exit questionnaire examined the extent to which participants admitted to having misreported smoking quantity, frequency and/or consequences during the study. Factors associated with under-and over-reporting were compared to accurate-reporting.
Harnessing Genomics and Transcriptomics Approaches to Improve Female Fertility in Beef Cattle—A Review

Simple Summary Cow–calf production is the foundation of the U.S. beef industry. However, infertility and sub-fertility limit its sustainability. In this review, we discuss the progress made as a result of the implementation of genomics and transcriptomics technologies to understand the genetic basis underlying fertility-related traits in cattle. We highlight the opportunities and limitations of using such technologies to discover genes and regulatory mechanisms and discuss the importance of translating research findings from bench to on-farm applications. Abstract Female fertility is the foundation of the cow–calf industry, impacting both efficiency and profitability. Reproductive failure is the primary reason why beef cows are sold in the U.S. and the cause of an estimated annual gross loss of USD 2.8 billion. In this review, we discuss the status of the genomics, transcriptomics, and systems genomics approaches currently applied to female fertility and the tools available to cow–calf producers to maximize genetic progress. We highlight the opportunities and limitations associated with using genomic and transcriptomic approaches to discover genes and regulatory mechanisms related to beef fertility. Considering the complex nature of fertility, significant advances in precision breeding will rely on holistic, multidisciplinary approaches to further advance our ability to understand, predict, and improve reproductive performance. While these technologies have advanced our knowledge, the next step is to translate research findings from bench to on-farm applications.
New possibilities in controlled‐source seismology with a magnetic levitation vibrator

Summary. A new-technology, broad-band seismic land source based on the principle of magnetic levitation is under development. The new source is designed to overcome limitations experienced with controlled-signal seismic sources at the present time, and to create new possibilities. In particular, the new source extends the constant peak force frequency band down to 2 Hz, and is capable of at least several weeks continuous, coherent transmission. It will enable three-dimensional long-range (>200 km) controlled-signal seismology with the potential for active earth tomography down into the mantle and systematic earthquake precursor measurement, and should improve shallow and deep seismic profiling technology. The optimum transmission frequencies depend on Q, transmission range, and noise spectrum.
“Impact Of Metformin Therpy on Serum Cobalamin and Homocysteine Among the Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients”

Objective: The aim of the study is to observe the long-term treatment of metformin and its associated effect on Vitamin B12 among Type II Diabetes mellitus south Indian patients. Methods: An observational study conducted over a period of 54 months on Type II Diabetes mellitus patients who are in chronic therapy with metformin. The study described the Vitamin B12 levels among the Type II DM patients, which could alert the patients who are in the low and borderline range of serum Vitamin B12, which may prevent the risk of peripheral neuropathic complications and anaemic conditions, etc. Findings: Totally, 387 patients were enrolled as per the inclusion and exclusion criteria, including 232 males (59.94%) and 155 females (40.05%). A total of 39 patients had been observed to have low levels of Vitamin B12, among them 23 females (Mean 184.17 ± S.D. 10.69) and 16 males (Mean 185.31± S.D 7.56), followed by 16 patients found to be above the normal range of Vitamin B12, among them 02 females (Mean 991 ± S.D. 15.55) and 14 males (Mean 1578.14 ± S.D. 406.93), followed by 76 patients had been found to be borderline of Vitamin B12, among them 43 females (Mean 220.76 ± S.D 6.50). Conclusion: High doses of chronic Metformin therapy may alter Vitamin B12 levels. Some of the patients had an abnormally high level of serum Vitamin B12, whose medical condition should be ruled out, and such Patients’ diet histories were also cross-examined, which was a mixed normal diet, and they had various medical conditions. However, the high chances of metformin-associated effects on Vitamin B12 with higher doses and long-term therapy of metformin, whose duration was 10 to 20 years, Moreover, age is also an important factor, and the study reveals that, among genders, female populations had a higher rate of low-level Vitamin B12 than male populations. Patients in the age group between 50 and 65 years had a higher rate of low-level Vitamin B12 than other age groups, total 20 patients, among them 12 females (Mean 183.08 ± S.D. 13.17) and 8 males (Mean 185.5 ± S.D. 4.3). Patients with other comorbid conditions also had low levels and borderline levels of Vitamin B12 and had been on long-term metformin therapy. Further, homocysteine investigations had been done on low and borderline vitamin B12 patients. Investigation of homocysteine had been done on low range (39) and border line (76) of vitamin B12 patients. Among Low vitamin B12, 13 patients have elevated level of Homocysteine (6 males & 7 females). Among border line of vitamin B12, 4 patients (2 males and 3 females) have elevated level of Homocysteine. Therefore, our study concluded that chronic therapy and higher doses of metformin may lead to a deficit in serum Vitamin B12, which requires regular checks on Vitamin B12 among Type 2 DM patients to avoid the risk of Peripheral neuropathy and other complications.
Thiadiazolidinone (TDZD) Analogs Inhibit Aggregation-Mediated Pathology in Diverse Neurodegeneration Models, and Extend C. elegans Life- and Healthspan

Chronic, low-grade inflammation has been implicated in aging and age-dependent conditions, including Alzheimer’s disease, cardiomyopathy, and cancer. One of the age-associated processes underlying chronic inflammation is protein aggregation, which is implicated in neuroinflammation and a broad spectrum of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Huntington’s, and Parkinson’s diseases. We screened a panel of bioactive thiadiazolidinones (TDZDs) from our in-house library for rescue of protein aggregation in human-cell and C. elegans models of neurodegeneration. Among the tested TDZD analogs, PNR886 and PNR962 were most effective, significantly reducing both the number and intensity of Alzheimer-like tau and amyloid aggregates in human cell-culture models of pathogenic aggregation. A C. elegans strain expressing human Aβ1–42 in muscle, leading to AD-like amyloidopathy, developed fewer and smaller aggregates after PNR886 or PNR962 treatment. Moreover, age-progressive paralysis was reduced 90% by PNR886 and 75% by PNR962, and “healthspan” (the median duration of spontaneous motility) was extended 29% and 62%, respectively. These TDZD analogs also extended wild-type C. elegans lifespan by 15–30% (p < 0.001), placing them among the most effective life-extension drugs. Because the lead drug in this family, TDZD-8, inhibits GSK3β, we used molecular-dynamic tools to assess whether these analogs may also target GSK3β. In silico modeling predicted that PNR886 or PNR962 would bind to the same allosteric pocket of inactive GSK3β as TDZD-8, employing the same pharmacophore but attaching with greater avidity. PNR886 and PNR962 are thus compelling candidate drugs for treatment of tau- and amyloid-associated neurodegenerative diseases such as AD, potentially also reducing all-cause mortality.
A Blueprint For Cis-Lunar Exploration: A Cost-Effective, Building-Block Approach For Human Lunar Return

Orbital Sciences Corporation has been a leader and innovator in low cost commercial access to space. In keeping with its tradition, Orbital is proposing a Cislunar exploration strategy developed via a building block approach as part of NASA’s near term space exploration activities. With the recent success of the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter and the LCROSS impactor mission, significant additional information on the Moon has been gained that indicates valuable resources exist that could be exploited in an eventual robotic/human surface exploration enterprise. With Space Agency budgets flat or declining, exploration plans need to emphasize an evolutionary strategy that emphasizes modification of existing systems, where capabilities, cost, and schedule can be better estimated for budgeting purposes. This Cislunar Strategy would emphasize a human-tended space station around the Moon or at an Earth-Moon Libration point that would be capable of operating a number of mobile robots on the lunar surface as they explore and prepare the way for human return later in the century.
Could We Expect Postoperative Cup Anteversion after Total Hip Arthroplasty Using Postoperative Plain Anteroposterior and Lateral Radiograph? A Three-Dimensional Experimental Operation Study

Background: A postoperative radiograph in total hip arthroplasty (THA) is usually obtained to evaluate the inclination and anteversion of the acetabular components. However, there is no gold-standard method for calculating the exact inclination and anteversion of the acetabular components on post-THA radiographs. We aimed to measure the actual anteversion of the acetabular component on postoperative radiographs by obtaining correlation data between the virtual and actual acetabular component positioning using virtual three-dimensional (3D) surgery. Methods: A total of 64 hip scans of 32 patients who underwent lower-extremity computed tomography (CT) were retrospectively reviewed. We reconstructed 3D models of the 64 hips using customized computer software (Mimics). Furthermore, to identify the safe zone of acetabular component position in THA, we performed virtual 3D surgery simulations for five anteversion (−10°, 0°, 10°, 20°, and 30°) and five inclination (20°, 30°, 40°, 50°, and 60°) types. We analyzed the acetabular anatomy using 3D models to measure the radiographic, anatomical, and operative anteversion (RA, AA, OA) and inclination (RI, AI, OI) angles. Additionally, we used the Woo–Morrey (WM) method to calculate the anteversion angle in the reconstructed cross-table lateral (CL) radiographs and determined the correlation between these measurements. Results: The safe zone of the acetabular component was visualized on post-THA CL radiographs using the WM method of anteversion measurement based on the different anteversions and inclinations of the acetabular component. The AA, RA, OA, OI, and WM differed significantly between males and females (p value < 0.05). As the anatomical inclination or anteversion increased, the WM anteversion measurements also increased. The radiographic anteversion measurement best matched the WM method of measurement, followed by anatomical and operative methods. Conclusions: The actual anteversion of the acetabular component after THA can be measured on CL radiographs with the WM method using a 3D virtual program, with good reproducibility.
La publicidad interactiva más allá de la norma: parámetros deontológicos en Europa y América Latina

La publicidad constituye un elemento ineludible de la vida cotidiana, desempenando, que duda cabe, una enorme relevancia en el plano social. Dentro del amplio catalogo que al respecto existe destaca la que presenta caracter interactivo y, en especial, la que tiene lugar en Internet. Esta ultima, a pesar de la profunda crisis economica imperante, esta protagonizando un crecimiento muy significativo. Ahora bien, la misma debe cumplir la legislacion imperante sobre el particular –que en Internet, a veces, resulta complejo- para, de este modo, no defraudar los intereses de sus potenciales destinatarios. Dado que las normas legales no suelen ser suficientes, en el plano internacional se han aprobado numerosos sistemas de autorregulacion sobre el particular que representan un sugerente complemento de la legalidad imperante. A tal efecto, se analizaran los casos de Europa y America Latina.
Epithelial Dual Oxidase 2 Shapes the Mucosal Microbiome and Contributes to Inflammatory Susceptibility

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive molecules formed from diatomic oxygen. They act as cellular signals, exert antibiotic activity towards invading microorganisms, but can also damage host cells. Dual oxidase 2 (DUOX2) is the main ROS-producing enzyme in the intestine, regulated by cues of the commensal microbiota and functions in pathogen defense. DUOX2 plays multiple roles in different organs and cell types, complicating the functional analysis using systemic deletion models. Here, we interrogate the precise role of epithelial DUOX2 for intestinal homeostasis and host-microbiome interactions. Conditional Duox2∆IEC mice lacking DUOX2, specifically in intestinal epithelial cells, were generated, and their intestinal mucosal immune phenotype and microbiome were analyzed. Inflammatory susceptibility was evaluated by challenging Duox2∆IEC mice in the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) colitis model. DUOX2-microbiome interactions in humans were investigated by paired analyses of mucosal DUOX2 expression and fecal microbiome data in patients with intestinal inflammation. Under unchallenged conditions, we did not observe any obvious phenotype of Duox2∆IEC mice, although intestinal epithelial ROS production was drastically decreased, and the mucosal microbiome composition was altered. When challenged with DSS, Duox2∆IEC mice were protected from colitis, possibly by inhibiting ROS-mediated damage and fostering epithelial regenerative responses. Finally, in patients with intestinal inflammation, DUOX2 expression was increased in inflamed tissue, and high DUOX2 levels were linked to a dysbiotic microbiome. Our findings demonstrate that bidirectional DUOX2-microbiome interactions contribute to mucosal homeostasis, and their dysregulation may drive disease development, thus highlighting this axis as a therapeutic target to treat intestinal inflammation.
Impact of southern annular mode on the Indian Ocean surface waves

Interannual climate modes, especially the southern annular mode (SAM), significantly influence the wave climate modulation of the Indian Ocean (IO). The present study, aligned with previous research, identifies two crucial swell generation regions in the IO: the extratropical southern Indian Ocean (ETSI) and the tropical southern Indian Ocean (TSIO). The SAM, governing Southern Ocean surface winds, significantly shapes wave generation in these zones, thereby dominantly regulating IO wave conditions. Positive SAM phases shifts the westerlies poleward creating significant negative anomalies in the northern ETSI, reducing wave generation and swell propagation into the northern IO (NIO) basins, while the positive wind anomalies in the western TSIO creates a new swell generation area that directs swells towards the Arabian Sea, elevating wave heights there during monsoons. Conversely, negative SAM phases enhance TSIO easterlies, making it the primary IO swell source, increasing swell activity in the Bay of Bengal, notably during premonsoon and monsoon seasons. SAM impact expands beyond swells, influencing NIO wave climate by altering wind seas through Hadley cell (HC) circulation shifts. Positive SAM phases trigger NIO and midlatitude anomalous warming, intensifying HC and NIO surface winds in the next season, thereby affecting convection and subsequent sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly changes. The “SAM positive anomaly wind‐SST oscillations (SPAWSO)” pattern emerges, where warm SST anomalies in DJF and JJA precede increased surface winds in MAM and SON, thus increasing the wind‐sea conditions in the NIO. SPAWSO, hence, acts as a delayed mode, season‐dependent positive air–sea interaction cycle linked to positive SAM phases, significantly impacting NIO's wind‐sea dynamics. Thus the present study provides better insights into the long‐term wave prediction accuracy in the IO by considering the direct swell influence and SPAWSO‐driven wind‐sea changes, aiding preparations for changing wave dynamics and their impacts.