Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Differences in Unemployment due to Sexual Orientation: Evidence from the Swedish Labour Market

The right to engage in work and choose an occupation to freely work at, is declared a fundamental human right in the EU. Behaviour that restrains somebody from doing so, due to sexual orientation discrimination for example, is prohibited. Inquiries on the dimension of this particular behaviour, as well as the magnitude of harm it causes in the population, is of vital importance for policy makers and the entire civil society. A growing number of research pertaining to labour market outcomes due to sexual orientation has been conducted rececently. Most of the studies have been carried out in western countries, where annual income, hourly wages, labour market participation and employment decisions have been in the focus of researchers. Ahmet, Andersson and Hammarstedt have been the pioneering scientists in this field in Sweden and contributed by extending their inquiries from the individual to the couple level (Ahmed, et al., 2011a) and to field experiments (Ahmed, et al., 2011b) in detecting discrimination against homosexuals. The present paper aims to contribute to the labour market discrimination literature by estimating the differences in the employment probabilities and in the duration of unemployment by sexual orientation in Sweden using survival analysis techniques. Time-to-event data is rare in social sciences, which is particularly valid for data sets where the sexual orientation of individuals is observable. Due to this scarcity, the present study represents the first paper investigating the effect of sexual preferences on the duration in unemploymnet using survival analysis techniques. In contrast to other estimation methods, survival techniques enable us to incorporate the particular nature of time-to-event data, such as its particular skewness, strict non- negative nature, as well as censoring and truncation. Separately Zero Inflated Negative Binomial regression has been conducted to the duration in unemployment and Probit estimation to the event of getting employed, where differing significant outcomes by sexual orientation have been detected for some specifications. The remainder of the article is organized as follows. A detailed literature review is provided in section 2. Section 3 comprises the theoretical framework of the investigation, while section 4 contains the methodical framework and research design. Data and descriptive statistics are presented in section 5, followed by the results of the estimation in section 6. Section 7 concludes with the final discussion.
Rationale for a hip/groin injury prevention program for ice hockey players: a randomized feasibility study protocol

Objective To define a plan for evaluating the feasibility of a hip/groin injury prevention program for ice hockey teams in preparation for a prospective cluster, randomized controlled trial. Background Ice hockey players are at high risk of sustaining traumatic and overuse injuries, especially around the hip/groin region. Muscle weakness surrounding the hip joint has been identified as a risk factor for groin-related pain. However, injury prevention research in ice hockey is scarce. Only one previous investigation showed that an exercise prevention program significantly reduced the incidence of adductor muscle strains in professional ice hockey players. The feasibility of a hip/groin injury prevention program applied to one youth ice hockey team during a preparatory phase and consecutive season needs to be evaluated. Design A cluster-randomized feasibility study protocol. Methods Participants will be cluster randomized to either the intervention or control group. Feasibility will be based on the recruitment and dropout rates, use and adherence to the intervention, responsiveness and number of adverse events.
Visual Test 6 Bible

From the Publisher: Harness the power, flexibility, and new functionality of Visual Test 6 to enhance the effectiveness of your testing projects. Using concrete scenarios and detailed examples, leading Visual Test expert and veteran trainer Tom Arnold guides you through the entire test automation process - covering both the programming and project management skills needed to deliver high-quality Windows or Web-based software applications on schedule and within budget.
International Journal of Science and Business

The software development in different fields leads to increase the requirements for effective, efficient and complicated software. Due to the huge amounts of software requirements, it is possible some errors to occur in the certain part of the programs and this means a real challenge for the software producer. The need for an effective test system is necessary for designing reliable programs and avoiding the errors that may appear during the software product. In this review, many techniques are discussed for the process of generating test cases which are a group of conditions that determine whether the designed programs are able to satisfy the user’s requirements or not. Fuzzy logic utilizes an operational profile in the process of allocating test case to improve the software quality, as well as the design of fault propagation path to predicts the software defects during the test operation, also the automatic generation for PLC test cases that produce a new track through the program code in order to minimize the test cases needed for large size program. IJSB Accepted 13 March 2021 Published 19 March 2021 DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4623940
Assessment of the Water Market in the Xiying Irrigation District, Shiyang River Basin, China

AbstractA water market is an effective way to increase water-use benefits. A preliminary market for irrigation water trading among villages has emerged in the arid area of northwestern China since 2008. This study conducts a quantitative evaluation of the water market at the Xiying irrigation district of the Shiyang River Basin in western China. Network analysis method is employed to assess trading activity and market centrality. The characters of case water market are compared with that of the United States and Australia to discuss the foundations and barriers for developing a mature water market in China. Results show that the case water market in China is undeveloped and is highly regulated by local government although water transactions continuously occur among villages for years. Insufficient incentives and high transaction cost are the key barriers in further developing the market. The indicators proposed in this study for market network analysis are useful for quantitatively evaluating the characte.
Image-based mechanical characterization of soft tissue using three dimensional ultrasound

Computational biomechanical models have become integral components in many areas of modern medical care, including diagnostic applications, image-guided procedures, robot-assisted procedures, and surgical simulators. The development of appropriate models for the mechanical behavior of soft tissues is challenging due to the inherent complexities of the material response, and the limitations on testing protocols associated with in vivo settings. Current in vivo soft tissue testing is dominated by indentation due to the simplicity of the instrumentation and low risk of injury associated with the procedure. Much of the information related to the interplay between shear and bulk compliance in the complex deformation field beneath the indenter is lost when capturing the single (time-displacement-force) output of the tool. Supplemental experimental methods are necessary for well-conditioned characterization of the tissue response. Image-based methods are a promising solution, as they provide the means for noninvasive in vivo measurement of the tissue response with improved sensitivity and uniqueness of the recovered material parameters. A constitutive inverse modeling framework is presented, relying on conventional indentation testing along with real-time three dimensional ultrasound imaging of the internal tissue deformation. The internal organ deformation field is estimated with a novel, mechanically regularized nonrigid image registration algorithm. A physicallybased visco-elastic constitutive model of the liver response is developed and its material parameters are estimated within the proposed inverse modeling framework. Three perfused porcine livers were characterized using tests representative of surgical manipulation, including cyclic loading tests spanning applied strain rates between 0.01 s and 1.0 s and stress relaxation tests. The proposed model and the identified material parameters offer good fit to the experimental response and show good predictive capability for alternative loading histories. The proposed material testing methods are independent of imaging modality and constitutive law, suggesting potential applications for other tissues and scales (i.e. nanoindentation, confocal microscopy, etc.).
Evolutionary multi-objective optimization of the design and operation of water distribution network: total cost vs. reliability vs. water quality

An expanded rehabilitation of the hypothetical water distribution network of Anytown, USA is considered. As well as pipe rehabilitation decisions, tank sizing, tank siting and pump operation schedules are considered as design variables. Inclusion of pump operation schedules requires consideration of water system operation over the demand pattern period. Design of distribution storage facilities involves solving numerous issues and trade-offs such as locations, levels and volume. This paper investigates the application of multi-objective evolutionary algorithms in the identification of the pay-off characteristic between total cost, reliability and water quality of Anytown9s water distribution system. A new approach is presented for formulation of the model. To provide flexibility, the network must be designed and operated under multiple loading conditions. The cost of the solution includes the capital costs of pipes and tanks as well as the present value of the energy consumed during a specified period. Optimization tends to reduce costs by reducing the diameter of, or completely eliminating, pipes, thus leaving the system with insufficient capacity to respond to pipe breaks or demands that exceed design values without violating required performance levels. Here a resilience index is considered as a second objective to increase the hydraulic reliability and the availability of water during pipe failures. Considering reliability as one of the objectives in the optimization process will decrease the level of vulnerability for the solutions and therefore will result in robust networks. However, oversized distribution mains and storage tanks will have adverse effects on water age with negative effects on water quality due to low flow velocity and little turnover, respectively. Therefore, another objective in the design and operation of distribution systems with storage facilities is the minimization of residence time, thus minimizing deterioration in water quality, which is directly associated with the age of water. Residence time must include not only the time in tanks but also the travel time before and after the water9s entry into the storage facilities. The residence time of the water in the network is considered as a surrogate measure of water quality. Results are presented for the pay-off characteristics between total cost, reliability and water quality, for 24 h design and five loading conditions.
Complete Resolution of the Pituitary Mass Lesion and Improvement of Pituitary Function with Corticosteroid in Autoimmune Hypophysitis: A Case Report

Background Autoimmune hypophysitis is the consequence of an immune-mediated inflammation of the pituitary gland, which is rare, and most frequently occurs in females during postpartum periods. It usually responds well to corticosteroid treatment with reported resolution of the pituitary mass lesion. Case Report A 51 years male presented with a one-month history of lethargy, headache, nausea, proximal muscle weakness with intermittent flushing. He was a diabetic with metformin 500mg twice daily. No other remarkable medical history or family history of autoimmune disease. On examination, he had no neurological deficit with a normal visual field. His initial biochemical evaluation showed features of secondary hypothyroidism as evidenced by low free FT4 and suppressed TSH with normal electrolytes. The subsequent evaluation of his hormonal profile revealed panhypopituitarism. Contrast MRI of pituitary showed an enhanced homogenous mass and minimal stalk thickening with a dural tail and preserved posterior bright spot. He was managed with glucocorticoid 20 mg once daily for two weeks along with levothyroxine and testosterone replacement. After two weeks of treatment, he improved clinically. Repeat MRI imaging of the pituitary showed complete resolution of the homogenous mass. Conclusion Although autoimmune hypophysitis is rare in males, a careful clinical history with necessary hormonal investigations is required for the suspicion about the inflammatory pituitary disorders This current case highlights glucocorticoid as the primary modality of treatment and the need for long-term follow-up with periodic clinical assessment.
Development and Learning in Organizations Emerald Article: Misconstrued tolerance: issues for multicultural and diversity training

Purpose – Valuing diversity emphasizes the awareness, recognition, and appreciation of human differences and revolves around creating an inclusive environment in which everyone feels esteemed. This generally takes place through a series of training programs that attempt to improve interpersonal relationships among workers by asking participants to become more tolerant—generally understood today as an approval and acceptance of others' practices and beliefs. Because tolerance is such a highly desirable quality in many Western societies, and seemingly one of its few non‐controversial values, rarely is its significance questioned. Nevertheless, contemporary interpretations of tolerance can be problematic for multicultural programs, and tolerance understood as respect and civility toward others may be a more appropriate tool to easing hostile tensions between individuals and groups and to helping communities move past intractable conflict. The purpose of this paper is to offer a reinterpretation of tolerance.
First PACS‐integrated artificial intelligence‐based software tool for rapid and fully automatic analysis of body composition from CT in clinical routine

To externally evaluate the first picture archiving communications system (PACS)‐integrated artificial intelligence (AI)‐based workflow, trained to automatically detect a predefined computed tomography (CT) slice at the third lumbar vertebra (L3) and automatically perform complete image segmentation for analysis of CT body composition and to compare its performance with that of an established semi‐automatic segmentation tool regarding speed and accuracy of tissue area calculation.
Vertical nanowire/nanosheet FETs with a horizontal channel for threshold voltage modulation

A new type of vertical nanowire (VNW)/nanosheet (VNS) FETs combining a horizontal channel (HC) with bulk/back-gate electrode configuration, including Bulk-HC and FD-SOI-HC VNWFET, is proposed and investigated by TCAD simulation. Comparisons were carried out between conventional VNWFET and the proposed devices. FD-SOI-HC VNWFET exhibits better I on/I off ratio and DIBL than Bulk-HC VNWFET. The impact of channel doping and geometric parameters on the electrical characteristic and body factor (γ) of the devices was investigated. Moreover, threshold voltage modulation by bulk/back-gate bias was implemented and a large γ is achieved for wide range V th modulation. In addition, results of I on enhancement and I off reduction indicate the proposed devices are promising candidates for performance and power optimization of NW/NS circuits by adopting dynamic threshold voltage management. The results of preliminary experimental data are discussed as well.
Conceptual Metaphor in Fortress Besieged

As one of the most renowned and sensational classics in the history of modern Chinese literature, Fortress Besieged has been under the spotlight ever since it was published in 1947, about which researches in various academic fields keep on emerging and flourishing unceasingly, transcending time and space. Given the truly delightful fact that Fortress Besieged is distinguishingly abundant in metaphors, this article attempts to analyze some classically representative metaphors in this novel from the perspective of Conceptual Metaphor put foreword by Lakoff and Johnson, which consists of three closely interrelated components, namely, structural metaphor, ontological metaphor, and orientational metaphor. A conclusion has been drawn that conceptual metaphor is realized in virtue of mapping between the source domain and target domain, which specifies the abstract, familiarizes the strange, and acquaints the unknown. In addition, the application of metaphor in Fortress Besieged highlights not only the linguistic art of literary works but also reflects the author's original thinking pattern.
Research on the Current Situation and Development Countermeasures of Physical Exercise for Postgraduates in Chinese Colleges and Universities

This paper aims to explore the countermeasures of improving the quality and effect of physical exercise for graduate students in Chinese colleges and universities. According to the questionnaire survey results of 1080 graduate students from 6 universities, this paper analyzes the interest and willingness of postgraduates in physical exercise, the frequency, duration and intensity of physical exercise, and the status of physical exercise items. The results show that there is a lack of awareness of the importance of physical exercise in postgraduate physical exercise, which affects their willingness to participate in physical exercise. Meanwhile, the effects of physical exercise do not reach the expected goal due to low frequency, short duration, and low intensity of physical exercise for graduate students. In addition, the traditional and single form of physical exercise programs, lack of emphasis on equipment training and confrontational training, and lack of sports venues, facilities, and professional guidance are reasons for the unsatisfactory physical exercise of postgraduate students. putting forward a series of countermeasures such as credit system and tutorial system, applying and promoting sports Apps, increasing network media publicity, standardizing sports community organization, optimizing and updating sports venues, facilities and management mode, so as make efforts to improve graduate students' enthusiasm in physical exercise, promote the cultivation of graduate students' physical exercise behavior and habits, and effectively to ensure the harmonious development of graduate students' physical and mental health.
Acentriolar spindle assembly in mammalian female meiosis and the consequences of its perturbations on human reproduction

Abstract The purpose of meiosis is to generate developmentally competent, haploid gametes with the correct number of chromosomes. For reasons not completely understood, female meiosis is more prone to chromosome segregation errors than meiosis in males, leading to an abnormal number of chromosomes, or aneuploidy, in gametes. Meiotic spindles are the cellular machinery essential for the proper segregation of chromosomes. One unique feature of spindle structures in female meiosis is spindles poles that lack centrioles. The process of building a meiotic spindle without centrioles is complex and requires precise coordination of different structural components, assembly factors, motor proteins, and signaling molecules at specific times and locations to regulate each step. In this review, we discuss the basics of spindle formation during oocyte meiotic maturation focusing on mouse and human studies. Finally, we review different factors that could alter the process of spindle formation and its stability. We conclude with a discussion of how different assisted reproductive technologies could affect spindles and the consequences these perturbations may have for subsequent embryo development. Summary Sentence This review consolidates information about how spindles form in human and mouse oocytes and how this process can be altered. Graphical Abstract
Modeling analysis of the stress and displacement on stack end plate for the all-vanadium redox flow battery

ABSTRACT The end plate has a significant impact on the performance of the stack for avoiding electrolyte leakage and reducing the contact resistance. In this paper, a three-dimensional transient model is established on the basis of Newton’s second law of motion, Hooke’s law, and conservation of energy to analyze the stress and displacement of the end plate under different stack assembling conditions prior to operation such as the thickness of the end plate and the position and number of bolts. As expected, increasing the thickness of the end plate and the number of bolts can both reduce the stress and displacement of the end plate, while the position of bolts needs to be adjusted according to the stack structure. Additionally, the effect of thermal stress on the end plate is also studied during standby periods and the result shows that the thermal stress may contribute to plastic deformation of the end plate. This model can be employed to design an appropriate stack assembling condition for safe and long-term operation of the battery.
Extraction of Micro-Doppler Signatures using Automotive Radar Sensors

Abstract Detection of pedestrians in an urban environment is a highly sophisticated task. This paper presents a signal processing technique suitable for frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar sensors using chirp sequence modulation, allowing observation of slow-moving objects with high resolution capability in range and velocity. Velocity resolution can be improved through auto-regressive linear prediction (AR-LP) without requiring a long chirp sequence duration. Furthermore, the influence of the frequency deviation used and velocity resolution will be shown in a scenario with two objects. An adaptive velocity resolution improvement will be presented to extract a characteristic micro-Doppler signature (µD-signature) of a slowly moving pedestrian, a car, and an inline-skater. This is verified by measurements at the carrier frequency of 77 GHz.
AVOIDANCE OF URBAN VEHICLE TRAFFIC CONGESTIONS

Abstract The increase of vehicle traffic in agglomerated urban areas often leads to congestions that decrease significantly the system performances. The intersection signal traffic controllers cannot improve themselves the system throughput when the congestions appear. Therefore a coordination of distributed control components is necessary. The proposed distributed algorithm is based on multiagent system that uses dynamic prices for the vehicle streams to find the cycle splits that avoid the traffic congestions.