Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Digestibilidad de nutrientes, bioquímica sanguínea y desempeño de pollos de engorde alimentados con tres fuentes de aceites esenciales

Introducción. En la actualidad se están buscando alternativas a la utilización de antibióticos promotores por sus efectos negativos en la salud, una alternativa es la combinación de aceites esenciales. Objetivo. Evaluar los índices de digestibilidad, bioquímica sanguínea y los indicadores productivos en pollos Broiler alimentados con 3 fuentes de aceite esenciales. Metodología. En la primera parte del experimento, 1400 pollos Cobb 500 machos fueron distribuidos en cinco tratamientos (CP, CN, ACT, XRT, PHY), se midió el desempeño productivo y bioquímica sanguínea de aves criadas en jaulas de piso de cemento con cama de cascarilla de arroz reutilizados de dos crianzas continuas sin desinfectar, en la segunda parte del experimento se midió la digestibilidad de nutrientes a los 21 días de edad por el método de colección. Se utilizaron 240 aves seleccionadas de la crianza en piso, fueron alojadas en jaulas metabólicas y distribuidas en los cinco tratamientos, con seis repeticiones y ocho aves por repetición. Resultados. No existieron diferencias significativas en los valores de digestibilidad de proteína cruda, ceniza, materia seca, materia orgánica entre todos los tratamientos (P>0,05), solo se encontraron diferencias en las variables fibra, grasa y extracto libre de nitrógeno (P<0,05), no existieron diferencias significativas en los valores de bioquímica sanguínea a los 21 y 42 días (Colesterol, Triglicéridos, Ácido Úrico, Urea, Creatinina, Proteína Total, Albumina, Globulina) entre todos los tratamientos (P>0,05), no existieron diferencias significativas en la ganancia de peso de la 5-6 semana, el consumo de alimento de la 1-6 semana, en la conversión alimenticia de 1-6 semana (P>0,05) solo se encontraron diferencias significativas en la ganancia de peso de la 1-2 semana y 3-4 semana (P<0,05). Conclusión. La aplicación de aceites esenciales no afecto los valores de bioquímica sanguínea de (Colesterol, Triglicéridos, Ácido Úrico, Urea, Creatinina, Proteína Total, Albumina, Globulina) entre todos los tratamientos.
BOREL-DE SIEBENTHAL DISCRETE SERIES AND ASSOCIATED HOLOMORPHIC DISCRETE SERIES

Let G0 be a simply connected non-compact real simple Lie group with maximal compact subgroup K0. Assume that rank(G0) = rank(K0) so that G0 has discrete series representations. If G0=K0 is Hermitian symmetric, one has a relatively simple discrete series of G0, namely the holomorphic discrete series of G0. Now assume that G0=K0 is not a Hermitian symmetric space. In this case, one has the class of Borel- de Siebenthal discrete series of G0 dened in a manner analogous to the holomorphic discrete series. We consider a certain circle subgroup of K0 whose centralizer L0 is such that K0=L0 is an irreducible compact Hermitian symmetric space. Let K 0 be the dual of K0 with respect to L0. Then K 0=L0 is an irreducible non-compact Hermitian symmetric space dual to K0=L0. In this article, to each Borel-de Siebenthal discrete series of G0, we will associate a holomorphic discrete series of K 0 . Then we show the occurrence of innitely many common L0-types between these two discrete series under certain conditions.
Simple relations derived fom a phased-array antenna made of an infinite current sheet

The simplest concept of a phased array is an infinite planar current sheet backed by a reflecting boundary. The electric current sheet, or resistance sheet, is the limiting case of many small electric dipoles, closely spaced, and backed by an open-circuit boundary. If this array is viewed as a receiver, a plane wave incident on the array at some angle ( \theta ) meets a boundary resistance varying in proportion to \cos \theta for angles in the H plane, and 1/\cos \theta for angles in the E plane. If the array is matched at broadside ( \theta=0 ), the corresponding reflection coefficient has the magnitude (\tan \frac{1}{2}\theta)^{2} . While the electric current sheet is realizable, the open-circuit boundary is not. However, a magnetic current sheet can be simulated by a conductive sheet with holes utilized as magnetic dipoles, such a sheet providing the backing equivalent to a short-circuit boundary. The latter case is related to the former by electromagnetic inversion or duality. Therefore, an incident plane wave meets a boundary conductance varying in proportion to \cos \theta for angles in the E plane, and 1/\cos \theta for angles in the H plane. The predicted behavior is verified qualitatively by tests of such a model with elements of a practice size. The derivation is based on the principle of dividing the space in front of the array into parallel tubes or waveguides, one for each element cell in the sheet or array. This is one of the principles published by the author in 1948. A related principle enables the simulation of an infinite array by imaging a few elements in the walls of a waveguide. This latter principle is utilized for making tests of the array.
Multi-Way Expanders and Imprimitive Group Actions on Graphs

For n at least 2, the concept of n-way expanders was defined by various researchers. Bigger n gives a weaker notion in general, and 2-way expanders coincide with expanders in usual sense. Koji Fujiwara asked whether these concepts are equivalent to that of ordinary expanders for all n for a sequence of Cayley graphs. In this paper, we answer his question in the affirmative. Furthermore, we obtain universal inequalities on multi-way isoperimetric constants on any finite connected vertex-transitive graph, and show that gaps between these constants imply the imprimitivity of the group action on the graph.
Highly Selective and Rapid Detection of Ethanol Using Ni-Functionalized ZnO Nanoflakes Coated Fiber Optic Sensor

Recently, the fabrication of ethanol sensor is of great technological interest toward detection of ethanol in myriad application areas such as fuel and chemical processing, food packaging analysis, breath alcohol analyzers, and clinical applications. Parallelly, the emerging trend of nanotechnology facilitates highly sensitive, miniature, and cut-price sensors with better power consumption. In accordance with this context, the current research work deals with the effect of metal (Ni) functionalization on ZnO nanoflakes for volatile compound (VC) sensing applications. A Co-precipitation method was utilized to synthesize pristine and Ni-functionalized ZnO nanoflakes. Furthermore, various material properties were critically investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and energy-dispersive spectrometer. The XRD results have shown that synthesized nanoparticles were in a hexagonal wurzite structure. The SEM image revealed that the average size of the nanoflakes is around 200 nm. A cladding modification technology was employed to fabricate the fiber optic sensor (FOS) head and Ni-functionalized ZnO nanoflakes as the sensing layer was formulated by a dip coating process. Furthermore, the sensor response of Ni-functionalized ZnO nanoflakes was investigated for various VCs such as acetone, ammonia, ethanol, methanol, hexane, and chloroform. Noticeably, the FOS based on Ni-functionalized ZnO showed better selectivity toward ethanol along with enhanced sensitivity (~30.04) than pristine ZnO. Thus, the functionalization of Ni enhances the gas sensing competency of ZnO through the catalytic property, indicating the potency of the proposed sensor as a substantial tool for ethanol detection.
Energy Flow and Group Velocity of Electromagnetic Surface Wave in Hydrodynamic Approximation

Expressions for the energy density and the energy flow are derived for the electromagnetic surface wave (surface plasmon) on a semi-infinite metal surface by using the hydrodynamic approximation. A proof is given for the equality between the group velocity and the energy velocity. It is also shown that the direction of the energy flow in the metal is the same as that of propagation of the surface wave for sufficiently large wave numbers. This is contrary to the case in the local approximation.
Variations in temperature‐related extreme events (1975–2014) in Ny‐Ålesund, Svalbard

We present a comprehensive analysis of temperature‐related extreme events in Ny‐Ålesund (78.9°N, 11.9°E) using data from three meteorological stations. The results show that annual mean temperatures in Ny‐Ålesund increase at a rate that is four times faster than the global mean from 1975 to 2014 with no ‘hiatus’ in recent decades. The annual diurnal temperature range shows a negative trend as minimum daily temperature increases at a faster rate than maximum daily temperature. A negative trend in cold extremes and a positive trend in warm extremes are observed. This asymmetry hints at potential changes in the probability distribution of temperatures in Ny‐Ålesund.
Identity Types in Algebraic Model Structures and Cubical Sets

We give a general technique for constructing a functorial choice of very good paths objects, which can be used to implement identity types in models of type theories in direct manner with little reliance on general coherence results. We give a simple proof that applies in algebraic model structures that possess a notion of structured weak equivalence, in a sense that we define here. We then give a more direct proof that applies both to the original BCH cubical set model and more recent variants. We give an explanation how this construction relates to the one used in the CCHM cubical set model of type theory.
Effects of gas on the global stability of galactic disks - Radial flows

We study numerically the effect of gas on the global stability of a two-component self-gravitating galactic disk embedded in a live halo. The stars are evolved by using a 3D collisionless N-body code, and the gas is represented by an ensemble of finite size inelastic particles. The gravitational interaction of stars and gas is calculated using a TREE method. We find that the evolution of the gaseous distribution in the globally unstable disks can be described by two different regimes. When the gas mass fraction is less than about 10 percent, the gas is channeled toward the galactic center by a growing stellar bar. For higher gas fractions, the gas becomes highly inhomogeneous, and the bar instability in the disk is heavily damped. The gas falls toward the inner kpc due to dynamical friction. Domains of both regimes depend on the efficiency of dissipation in the gas. We also discuss the relevance of the Jeans instability and give an empirical criterion for the global bar instability in a two-component self-gravitating disk.
Adaptive Regularized Newton Method for Riemannian Optimization

Optimization on Riemannian manifolds widely arises in eigenvalue computation, density functional theory, Bose-Einstein condensates, low rank nearest correlation, image registration, and signal processing, etc. We propose an adaptive regularized Newton method which approximates the original objective function by the second-order Taylor expansion in Euclidean space but keeps the Riemannian manifold constraints. The regularization term in the objective function of the subproblem enables us to establish a Cauchy-point like condition as the standard trust-region method for proving global convergence. The subproblem can be solved inexactly either by first-order methods or a modified Riemannian Newton method. In the later case, it can further take advantage of negative curvature directions. Both global convergence and superlinear local convergence are guaranteed under mild conditions. Extensive computational experiments and comparisons with other state-of-the-art methods indicate that the proposed algorithm is very promising.
Creation of Pitch through Binaural Interaction

This paper is an investigation of the phenomenon which was observed by Huggins in 1953. Huggins found that a binaural stimulus gives a fairly clear perception of pitch although the separate stimuli to the two ears give no such perception. The basic stimulus consists of white noise introduced into one ear while the same white noise, phase transformed in a narrow band of frequencies, is introduced into the other ear. A practiced subject listening to this stimulus reports a faint pitch quality which is judged to sound about the same as narrow‐band filtered noise. A forced‐choice technique was used in which six subjects were asked to judge the direction of the pitch change when the frequency band over which the phase shift occurs was changed. The control consisted of the same stimulus presented to the two ears. Data are presented indicating the relationship between the percent of correct judgments and the three experimental variables, frequency, band width, and intensity level.
Continuity of Drazin and generalized Drazin inversion in Banach algebras

A generalized inverse of an element in some algebraic structure satisfies appropriate modifications of the inverse of that element. Over the past decades, many authors have proposed and investigated various types of generalized inverses in a number of algebraic structures. In this thesis we devote our attention to the study of a generalized inverse introduced by M. P. Drazin, and a generalization thereof due to J. J. Koliha. Denote by N(A) the set of all nilpotent elements of an algebra A, and by QN(A) the set of all quasinilpotent elements of a Banach algebra A. In 1958 Drazin introduced the concept of a Drazin inverse, then called a pseudoinverse, in associative rings and semigroups. For the purpose of this thesis we will study this concept in the context of a general algebra. If A denotes an algebra, then we call an element b ∈ A a Drazin inverse of a ∈ A if ab = ba, b = bab and a− aba ∈ N(A). Years later Koliha generalized Drazin’s definition as follows: Assuming A is a Banach algebra, we call an element b ∈ A a generalized Drazin inverse of a ∈ A if ab = ba, b = bab and a− aba ∈ QN(A). Since the Drazin (generalized Drazin) inverse is unique, denote by a(a) the Drazin (generalized Drazin) inverse of a Banach algebra element a, and let A(A) denote the set of Drazin (generalized Drazin) invertible elements in a Banach algebra A. It is well-known that inversion is continuous on the set of invertible elements. In this thesis we provide conditions under which the maps a 7→ a and a 7→ a are continuous on A and A, respectively. Finally, we apply these results to the Banach algebra of bounded linear operators. ii Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za
Algebraically Grid-Like Graphs have Large Tree-Width

By the Grid Minor Theorem of Robertson and Seymour, every graph of sufficiently large tree-width contains a large grid as a minor. Tree-width may therefore be regarded as a measure of 'grid-likeness' of a graph. The grid contains a long cycle on the perimeter, which is the $\mathbb{F}_2$-sum of the rectangles inside. Moreover, the grid distorts the metric of the cycle only by a factor of two. We prove that every graph that resembles the grid in this algebraic sense has large tree-width: Let $k, p$ be integers, $\gamma$ a real number and $G$ a graph. Suppose that $G$ contains a cycle of length at least $2 \gamma p k$ which is the $\mathbb{F}_2$-sum of cycles of length at most $p$ and whose metric is distorted by a factor of at most $\gamma$. Then $G$ has tree-width at least $k$.
Decay of Alfvén Waves in a Filamentary Cloud

The decay of Alfvén waves in a filamentary molecular cloud is investigated through three-dimensional numerical simulations. We have considered a filamentary molecular cloud supported in part by the Alfvén wave against the self-gravity. Our attention has been focused on the basic physical mechanism for the decay. The decay rate is obtained as a function of the wavelength and amplitude. It is found that when the wave is circularly polarized, the decay e-folding timescale is several times the fast wave crossing timescale for the filament and independent of the wavelength, whereas when the wave is linearly polarized, the amplitude of the wave decreases inversely proportional to time. It is also found that the decay of Alfvén waves induces rotation and shear flow in the filamentary cloud. The propagation of two Alfvén waves in the medium results in the excitation of daughter waves due to nonlinear coupling between mother waves. The wavenumber of the daughter waves is the sum or difference between those of the mother waves, and below a critical wavenumber of the daughter wave, the filamentary cloud fragments as a result of Jeans instability. The fragments collapse to form high-density rotating magnetized disks. In contrast, below a critical wavenumber of the mother wave, the cloud becomes a dense helical filament after the decay of the Alfvén waves. The present models are compared with previous simulations and observations with regard to the rotation, fragmentation, and helical structure of filamentary clouds.
Reliable Robust Regression Diagnostics

Motivated by the requirement of controlling the number of false discoveries that arises in several application fields, we study the behaviour of diagnostic procedures obtained from popular high‐breakdown regression estimators when no outlier is present in the data. We find that the empirical error rates for many of the available techniques are surprisingly far from the prescribed nominal level. Therefore, we propose a simulation‐based approach to correct the liberal diagnostics and reach reliable inferences. We provide evidence that our approach performs well in a wide range of settings of practical interest and for a variety of robust regression techniques, thus showing general appeal. We also evaluate the loss of power that can be expected from our corrections under different contamination schemes and show that this loss is often not dramatic. Finally, we detail some possible extensions that may further enhance the applicability of the method.
Hybrid continuous inverse class‐F high‐efficiency power amplifier based on phase shift analysis

In this paper, a hybrid continuous inverse class‐F high‐efficiency power amplifier based on phase shift analysis is proposed. A broadband and high‐efficiency microwave power amplifier are designed by adopting load pull, source pull technique, and low‐pass filter matching structure. The measured results show that the drain efficiency ranges from 67.5% to 77.8%, the saturated output power ranges from 40.2 to 42.4 dBm, and the saturated power gain ranges from 10.2 to 12.4 dB in the working frequency band from 2 to 3 GHz. The power amplifier proposed in this paper fits the current broadband microwave communication technology and plays an important role in the transmission of high data flow signals by wireless transmitters.
Advances in Photonic Crystal Fiber-Based Sensor for Detection of Physical and Biochemical Parameters—A Review

The promising properties of photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) have sparked the interest of a number of research organizations. Due to the PCF’s air holes, liquid or gas samples can be inserted into them. This permits a well-controlled interaction between confined light and sensing samples, enabling the development of novel sensing applications. That was never conceivable with conventional optical fibers. PCF applications in sensing fields can be divided into physical sensors and biochemical sensors based on the parameter being measured. Physical sensors measure pressure, temperature, refractive index (RI), curvature, vibration, torsion, electric field, and displacement, among other physical characteristics. Biochemical sensors can detect chemical and biological (such as antibodies, cells, bacteria, enzymes, viruses, nucleic acids, etc.) substances. The measurement of the chemical RI is a crucial component of biochemical sensors. Due to their close relationship with biosensors, chemical sensors are commonly referred to as biochemical sensors. This article covers the detecting capabilities of surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based PCF biochemical and physical sensors in addition to a variety of ways to enhance their sensing capacities.
I-V characteristics of an open quantum dot with a Coulomb interaction: Extension of the Landauer formula with exact scattering eigenstates

Through an extension of the Landauer formula, we study the electron transport in an open quantum dot system under a finite bias voltage. The system that we study is an interacting resonant-level model equipped with infinite two leads of a linearized dispersion relation. We explicitly construct many-electron scattering eigenstates whose incident states are free-fermionic. A remarkable feature of the scattering state is the appearance of many-body bound states after the scattering. Extending Landauer’s idea, we calculate the average electric current flowing through the quantum dot. We use a renormalization-group technique to deal with the divergences that appear in the limit of the large bandwidth of the leads. As a result, the average electric current is brought to a universal form.
Sobolev, Poincare and isoperimetric inequalities for subelliptic diffusion operators satisfying a generalized curvature dimension inequality

By adapting some ideas of M. Ledoux \cite{ledoux2}, \cite{ledoux-stflour} and \cite{Led} to a sub-Riemannian framework we study Sobolev, Poincar\'e and isoperimetric inequalities associated to subelliptic diffusion operators that satisfy the generalized curvature dimension inequality that was introduced by F. Baudoin and N. Garofalo in \cite{Bau2}. Our results apply in particular on all CR Sasakian manifolds whose horizontal Webster-Tanaka-Ricci curvature is non negative, all Carnot groups with step two, and wide subclasses of principal bundles over Riemannian manifolds whose Ricci curvature is non negative.
Local unitary invariants for multipartite quantum systems

A method is presented to obtain local unitary invariants for multipartite quantum systems consisting of fermions or distinguishable particles. The invariants are organized into infinite families, in particular, the generalization to higher dimensional single-particle Hilbert spaces is straightforward. Many well-known invariants and their generalizations are also included.
A higher-order spatial FDTD scheme with CFS PML for 3D numerical simulation of wave propagation in cold plasma

A novel 3-D higher-order finite-difference time-domain framework with complex frequency-shifted perfectly matched layer for the modeling of wave propagation in cold plasma is presented. Second- and fourth-order spatial approximations are used to discretize Maxwell's curl equations and a uniaxial perfectly matched layer with the complex frequency-shifted equations is introduced to terminate the computational domain. A numerical dispersion study of second- and higher-order techniques is elaborated and their stability criteria are extracted for each scheme. Comparisons with analytical solutions verify the accuracy of the proposed methods and the low dispersion error of the higher-order schemes.
Human-Machine Cooperative Echolocation Using Ultrasound

Echolocation has been shown to improve the independence of visually impaired people, and utilizing ultrasound in echolocation offers additional advantages, such as a higher resolution of object sensing and ease of extraction from background sounds. However, humans cannot innately make and hear ultrasound. A wearable device that enables ultrasonic echolocation, i.e., that transmits ultrasound through an ultrasonic speaker and converts the reflected ultrasound into audible sound, has therefore been attracting interest. Such a system can be utilized with machine learning (ML) to help visually impaired users recognize objects. We have therefore been developing a cooperative echolocation system that combines human recognition with ML recognition. As the first step toward cooperative echolocation, this paper presents the effectiveness of ML in echolocation. We implemented a prototype device and evaluated the performance of object detection with/without ML and found that the mental workload on the user was significantly decreased when ML was used. Based on the findings from the evaluation, we discussed the design of cooperative echolocation.