Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pilot Study of Urinary Estrogen Metabolites

There are statements I wish to protest in the Focus article "Trouble in Paradise" by John F. Lauerman published in Environmental Health Perspectives [105:914-917 (1997)]. These statements appear to have been attributed to me, but I can assure you I would never have made them. First, there is the suggestion that I included atrazine among a list of agricultural chemicals used in pineapple cultivation. To my knowledge, atrazine was never used on pineapple fields. It does appear in Hawaiian groundwater, however, as a result of widespread use on sugar cane fields. Second, I would never say that "none of these chemicals have been conclusively linked to adverse health effects," as the article appears to paraphrase me having said. I believe that scientific studies conclusively link all these chemicals, and still more, with harmful health effects in exposed populations. What I recall having said to Lauerman is that it is almost impossible to link, with any confidence, the cancer or other health problem of a given individual with exposure to pesticides. Thus, although a population may experience an increase in cancers or other health problems in the aggregate, the likelihood of a person with a cancer being able to prove to the satisfaction of a court of law that his or her disease was the result of exposure to a chemical is vanishingly small. The state of Hawaii has very serious contamination problems as a result of the application of agricultural chemicals and other pesticide products. I do not wish to have my statements be interpreted in any way as minimizing this problem or my own concern for the health risks that this poses.
Identification of Hidden Relationships among the Data Items by Using Data Mining Techniques

: We know that Data mining or Knowledge discovery from databases (KDD) is a collection of exploration techniques based on advanced analytical methods and tools for handling a large amount of information. Many data mining techniques are closely related to machine learning techniques and others are related to techniques that have been developed in statistics, sometimes called exploratory data analysis. In this article, we provide guidance for researchers on the use of structural equation modeling in practice for theory testing and development. It is used to measure the relationships between Independent variables (IV) and Dependent Variables (DV). Both IVs and DVs can be either measured variables (directly observed) or latent variables (unobserved, not directly observed). Structural equation modeling is also referred to as causal modeling, causal analysis, simultaneous equation modeling, analysis of covariance structures, path analysis, or confirmatory factor analysis. The latter two are actually special types of SEM. structural equation modeling (SEM) is a comprehensive statistical approach to testing hypotheses about relations among observed and latent variables / outline the basic elements of the SEM approach / provide researchers and students trained in basic inferential statistics a nontechnical introduction to SEM approach / refers to concepts from standard statistical approaches in the social and behavioral sciences such as correlation, multiple regression, and analysis of variance.
in live cells.

The spectroscopic properties, ultrafast kinetics and utilization of a photochromic molecule as a bi-stable ﬂuorescing sensor of polarity in live cells are described. This molecule is a photochromic fulgimide, 2,3-dialkylidenesuccinimide, which emits ﬂuorescence that can be switched optically on and oﬀ. The ﬂuorescence intensity is a function of the polarity of the molecular environment, namely it ﬂuoresces strongly when the molecule is in its polar isomeric structure form. We demonstrate that this molecule enters live cells without inducing damage, it binds primarily to internal membranous organelles (mitochondria) and its ﬂuorescence can be switched optically ‘‘on’’ and ‘‘oﬀ’’ repeatedly while inside the living cell. A possible use as a bi-stable, on/oﬀ sensor is discussed. (cid:1) 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V.
Effect of lifestyle modification for two years on obesity and metabolic syndrome components in elementary students: A community- based trial

Background: Lifestyle modifications, especially improving nutritional patterns and increasing physical activity are the most important factors in preventing obesity and metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents. For this purpose, the following interventional study was designed to investigate the effects of educational programs for students, as well as the changes in diet and physical activity on obesity and components of the metabolic syndrome. Methods: This study is part of an interventional research project (elementary school) conducted on all students of Sama schools in Zanjan and Abhar in three levels;elementary, middle and high school, including 1000 individuals in Zanjan (intervention group) and 1000 individuals (control group) in Abhar in 2011. Interventions were based on educating students, teachers and parents, changes in food services and physical activity. We primarily measured anthropometric indices, fasting blood sugar, lipid profiles and blood pressure and completed standard nutrition and physical activity questionnaires. Also, blood insulin levels were randomly measured in a number of students. Data analysis was done by SPSS software Version 16.0. Results: Overall, 589 individuals (252 males, 337 females) entered the case group and 803 individuals (344 males, 459 females) entered the control group. After two years of intervention, the mean waist circumference (63.8±10.9) and diastolic BP (63.8±10.4) were significantly lower, however, the mean systolic BP (10.1.0±12.5), food score (25.0±5.0) and drinking score (12.1±2.3) were higher in the intervention group (p<0.001). Comparing the components of metabolic syndrome between the second year and at the time of recruitment within the intervention group, showed that although the number of overweight/obese individuals, individuals with hypertriglyceridemia and high LDL increased, while those with abdominal obesity, high BP, hyperglycemia, and insulin resistance decreased (p<0.001). On the other hand, in the control group, the number of individuals with high BP increased significantly. Conclusion: The prevalence of abdominal obesity and hypertension, which are the two major components of metabolic syndrome, are much higher in our study than the other regions of the country. However, interventions for modification of diet and increasing physical activity, are effective in lowering of their prevalence.
Efficacy of levetiracetam, lamotrigine and sodium valproate on seizure attacks and EEG disorders in patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: A double blind randomized clinical trial

Background: Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) is one of the most important types of generalized idiopathic epilepsy. Patients generally respond quickly and perfectly to standard antiepileptic drugs but lifelong medication is necessary. Sodium valproate is the drug of choice in most references but it has some adverse reactions and some patients cannot tolerate the complications. Because of the need for life long treatment in this young aged group particularly child bearing women, we aimed to analyze the efficacy of these drugs to determine which has better efficacy with lower adverse effects. Methods: In this double-blind clinical trial 102 patients suffering from juvenile myoclonic epilepsy were randomly divided to three groups and treated with valproate, levetiracetam or lamotrigine and followed for 12 months at specified intervals. Results: Patients' mean age was 22.8 years and 28.4% of them were males and 71.6% were females. Effective terminal dose of sodium valproate, levetiracetam and lamotrigine were 1000, 1000 and 250mg, respectively. The rate of failure in controlling seizures and myoclonic jerks in lamotrigine group was meaningfully more than levetiracetam and sodium valproate (P=0.037). The general side effects of sodium valproate were much more; but there was not any significant difference between their effects on electroencephalogram (EEG) findings (P=0.81). Conclusion: Levetiracetam and sodium valproate have similar efficacy. But in the group of lamotrigine, rate of failure, myoclonus and drug adverse reactions were meaningfully more than sodium valproate and levetiracetam. According to our study, lamotrigine could not be a suitable treatment option for JME patients as a mono therapy. Levetiracetam can be a good alternative to sodium valproate, especially in women of childbearing age.
Transcatheter interventions for severe tricuspid regurgitation: a literature review

The prevalence of tricuspid regurgitation (TR) increases with age, affecting 65%-85% of adults. Primary TR is caused by a congenital or acquired abnormality of the tricuspid valve apparatus (leaflets, chordae, papillary muscles, or annulus). Secondary TR is due to insufficient coaptation from dilation of tricuspid valve annulus due to the right ventricle (RV) or right atrium (RA) remodeling and increased RV pressures. Isolated TR is without increased RV pressures and is associated with atrial fibrillation. Mild TR is a benign disease. Moderate to severe tricuspid regurgitation has independently been associated with increased mortality. Most of these patients are treated medically due to poor outcomes with surgical repair of isolated TR. The in-hospital mortality rate is 8.8%, and the median length of stay in hospital is 11 days resulting in higher healthcare costs. Even if the patients undergo surgical repair or replacement, available data do not show improvement in survival. With a more detailed understanding of the complex anatomy and physiology of the tricuspid valve and significant complications from untreated tricuspid valve disease, the approach to the management of TR has shifted from a conservative approach to a process of prevention and intervention. In the past decade, transcatheter tricuspid valve interventions and tricuspid annuloplasty rings have been developed, contributing to decreased mortality from surgical repair. Transcatheter tricuspid valve intervention techniques have improved survival, quality of life, and reduced heart failure rehospitalization. This review summarizes normal anatomy, types of TR, etiology and different mechanisms of TR, echocardiographic assessment of the severe TR, and highlights various percutaneous transcatheter techniques for tricuspid valve repair.
Spontaneous abortion patterns and reproductive conflict in the banded mongoose

The focus of the study was to determine which factors predict the occurrence of spontaneous abortions across and within communal breeding attempts within social groups of banded mongooses living in the Mweya peninsula, Uganda. Banded mongoose females synchronize breeding within (but not across) groups so that majority of them give birth on the same day. The litter is thereafter taken care of by all adults in the group, with pups competing for helpers, see Cant et al. 2013 for details of the system. Our data consisted of observations of pregnancies for which the outcome was known, in altogether 461 group breeding attempts that occurred between the years 1999-2015 within 18 social groups occupying the study area during that time. Female group size varied between 1-14, and the proportion of breeding females varied between 15-95%.
Global systematic review and meta-analysis of health-related quality of life in Behcet’s patients

Background: Behcet’s disease (BD) is a chronic fatal illness with a relapsing remitting nature and significant organ-threatening morbidity and mortality. The aim of this research was to examine studies which were conducted on investigation of prevalence of quality of life among patients with Behcet’s disease. Methods: A total of 13 articles were extracted from four main databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Web of Science from the onset of 2000 to January 2021. All studies published in English with the purpose of examining quality of life (QOL) among patients with BD or investigating its main determinants were included. Results: Totally, 1137 BD patients participated in 13 studies. Based on random effect analysis, the total score of physical health-related QOL was 46.7 (95% CI=41.26 to 52.13) and the total score of mental health-related QOL was 49.01 (95% CI=43.83 to 54.18) representing a moderate level of QOL among BD patients. Furthermore, weighted effect size analyses showed a significant correlation between QOL and variables such as patients’ age, gender, disease duration and depression (pvalue: 0.00). Conclusion: As the symptoms of BD worsen over time, patients confront with more severe body pain, mobility restrictions, and difficulties in chewing, eating, speaking and swallowing which negatively affect social interactions of patients and reduce their QOL. Furthermore, depression was proved to act as a deteriorating factor for Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) among BD patients. Thus, patients need to be psychologically supported by a specialized team and be informed during the course of treatment to gain useful information about the disease, treatment approaches and coping strategies.
Over-diagnosis in mammographic screening due to competing risk of death

Background: Different definitions and estimates of over-diagnosis in mammographic screening reflect a substantial need to investigate and understand the complexity of the issue. This modelling study aims to estimate the number of over-diagnosed women, defined as those diagnosed with breast cancer who die from any cause within the lead-time period. Methods: We used numbers from incidence- and death statistics available online and published estimates of lead-time. Postulated cohorts of screened and not screened women aged 50–51 were followed for a period corresponding to ten biennial screening exams during 20 years, and a further ten years, to age 78-79. The increase in breast cancer incidence due to screening was estimated based on lead-time. The proportion of women diagnosed with breast cancer who died within the lead-time period was assessed based on the differences in the cumulative number of breast cancer diagnosed in a non-screened and screened cohort. Results: The proportion of inevitable over-diagnosed women in a screened versus non-screened cohort was 1.9% for England & Wales and 1.8% for Norway. Sensitivity analyses using various assumptions increased the estimates up to a maximum of 4%. Conclusion: The proportion of women with breast cancer diagnosed after participation in a screening program who died within the estimated lead-time period was less than 4%. This inevitable proportion of over-diagnosis should be emphasized in the definition and communication of the issue. Impact: The issue of over-diagnosis is complex and estimates should be interpreted with substantial care.
Institutional Knowledge at Singapore Management University Institutional Knowledge at Singapore Management University Towards a dynamic theory of enacted complexity Towards a dynamic theory of enacted complexity

To develop new theory about the dynamics of enacted ask complexity, we analyze 15-months of field data from a video game development project consisting of observations, interviews, and an archival analysis of 2,428 tasks to present a novel way of conceptualizing and visualizing the complexity of emergent processual phenomena.
The Matching Lego(R)-Like Bricks Problem: Including a Use Case Study in the Manufacturing Industry

—We formulate and transform a real-world combinatorial problem into a constraint satisfaction problem: choose a restricted set of containers from a warehouse, such that the elements contained in the containers satisfy some restrictions and compatibility criteria. We set up a formal, mathematical model, describe the combinatorial problem and deﬁne a (nonlinear) system of equations, which describes the equivalent constraint satisfaction problem. Next, we use the framework provided by the Apache Commons Mathematics Library in order to implement a solution based on genetic algorithms. We carry out performance tests and show that a general approach, having business logic solely in the deﬁnition of the ﬁtness function, can deliver satisfactory results for a real-world use-case in the manufacturing industry.
OPTH_A_262167 2125..2134

Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt Aim: To evaluate the contributions of anterior corneal and ocular residual astigmatism to autorefraction astigmatism in adult myopic and myopic astigmatic subjects and how these compensate each other. Subjects and Methods: This retrospective study was completed in private eye centre, Ismailia, Egypt, between September 2017 and November 2019. The study included eyes with myopia (0.5 to 10.0D) or myopic astigmatism (0 to 8.5D). The refractive errors, including autorefraction astigmatism, were measured after using 1% cyclopentolate with autorefractometer (Topcon, Tokyo Optical Co., Ltd., Japan). Corneal topography (Sirius; CSO, Florence, Italy) was used to measure anterior corneal astigmatism. Ocular residual astigmatism was measured by vectorial subtraction of the anterior corneal astigmatism from autorefraction astigmatism determined to the corneal plane. Results: This study included 1158 eyes (right 582 and left 576) with myopia or myopic astigmatism of 582 participants (206 males with 406 eyes and 376 females with 752 eyes). The mean±SD age of the total participants was 26±5.7 years, range (21 to 50 years). The mean±SD of spherical error was −3.2±1.9D, range (−0.5 to −10.0D). The mean±SD of autorefraction astigmatism was 1.13±1.1D; range (0.5 to 8.5D). The mean±SD of anterior corneal astigmatism was 1.22±0.8D; range (0.03 to 5.6D). The mean±SD of ocular residual astigmatism was 0.6±0.5D; range (0 to 4.8D). Of the total eyes, 75.4% had significant autorefraction astigmatism, 82.5% had significant anterior corneal astigmatism, and 16.8% had significant ocular residual astigmatism. Conclusion: The percentage of the significant autorefraction astigmatism (>0.5D) was 75.4% which is mainly anterior corneal. In 26.8% of participants, anterior corneal astigmatism is compensated by ocular residual astigmatism.
On Asymptotically Optimal Meshes by Coordinate Transformation you. Your matters

Summary. We study the problem of constructing asymptotically optimal meshes with respect to the gradient error of a given input function. We provide simpler proofs of previously known results and show constructively that a closed-form solution exists for them. We show how the transformational method for obtaining meshes, as is, cannot produce asymptotically optimal meshes for general inputs. We also discuss possible variations of the problem deﬁnition that may allow for some forms of optimality to be proved.
International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology

All the plants are medicinally beneficial for human beings, insect and microbes. Parthenium hysterophorus is weed. It has different type of secondary products and these all products are natural products. The natural plant products are used for the control of microorganisms causing plant and human diseases. The effect of plant extracts was 25% 2.66, 50% -5.33, 70% 6.00 and 100% 7.33 respectively, but in controlled hole no inhibition zone.
a of Improving the Post-polymerization Modification of Bio-Based Itaconate Unsaturated Polyesters: Catalyzing Aza-Michael With Reusable Iodine on Catalyzing

Bio-based platform molecules such as itaconic, fumaric, and muconic acid offer much promise in the formation of sustainable unsaturated polyester resins upon reaction with suitable diols and polyols. The C = C bonds present in these polyester chains allows for post-polymerization modiﬁcation and such moieties are conventionally utilized in curing processes during the manufacture of coatings. The C = C modiﬁcation sites can also act as points to add useful pendants which can alter the polymers ﬁnal properties such as glass transition temperature, biodegradability, hardness, polarity, and strength. A commonly observed modiﬁcation is the addition of secondary amines via an aza-Michael addition. Conventional procedures for the addition of amines onto itaconate polyesters require reaction times of several days as a result of undesired side reactions, in particular, the formation of the less reactive mesaconate regioisomer. The slow reversion of the mesaconate back to itaconate, followed by subsequent amine addition, is the primary reason for such extended reaction times. Herein we report our efforts toward ﬁnding a suitable catalyst for the aza-Michael addition of diethylamine onto a model substrate, dimethyl itaconate, with the aim of being able to add amine onto the itaconate units without excessive regioisomerization to the inactive mesaconate. A catalyst screen showed that iodine on acidic alumina results in an effective, heterogeneous, reusable catalyst for the investigated aza-Michael addition. Extending the study further, itaconate polyester was prepared by Candida Antartica Lipase B (CaL-B) via enzymatic polytranesteriﬁcation and subsequently modiﬁed with diethylamine using the iodine on acidic alumina catalyst, dramatically reducing the required length of reaction ( > 70% addition after 4 h). The approach represents a multidisciplinary example whereby biocatalytic polymerization is combined with chemocatalytic modiﬁcation of the resultant polyester for the formation of useful bio-based polyesters.
NUTRITIONAL ASSESSMENT OF AJWA DATE FLESH AND PITS IN COMPARISON TO LOCAL VARIETIES

The study was designed to characterize ajwa flesh and pits and make their comparison with locally available date cultivars. Correlation between proximate characteristics and within different minerals was analyzed while cluster analysis technique was used to evaluate similarity between sugar contents of date varieties. The results indicated ajwa flesh as richest source of moisture (22.8 %), ash (3.22 %), glucose (54.5%), fructose (52.03%), maltose (22.5%), and galactose (12 .2%) contents while ajwa pits have highest amounts of crude fat (7.8%), crude fiber(51%), TDF(53.9%), IDF(34.6), and SDF(19.5%). Highly significant correlation of crude fat with crude fiber and crude protein was observed while crude protein also exhibited positive correlation with crude fiber. Date flesh was found better source of mineral as compared to pits whereas potassium was found rich in both parts. Highly significant negative correlation of Na and positive correlation of Zn and Ca with all other minerals was observed. Cluster analysis of sugar suggests highest similarity of fructose, maltose and galactose and least similarity of sucrose under cluster III and cluster I. The work identifies variability among flesh and pits of ajwa date and local date varieties for their nutritional traits that can be used in fortification of different food products.