Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of aphthous stomatitis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease after the treatment with monoclonal antibodies: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background Currently, the most frequently employed therapies in the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), i.e., Crohn's Disease (CD), Ulcerative Colitis (UC) or unclassified IBD (IBD-U) are monoclonal anti-TNFs and anti-integrin therapies, such as vedolizumab (VDZ). Forty-seven per cent of these patients present extra-intestinal manifestations, the second most prevalent being aphthous stomatitis (AS). The present study aims to investigate which of the two therapies is associated with a lower prevalence of AS after treatment. Material and Methods An electronic search of the MEDLINE (via PubMed), Web of Science, SCOPUS, LILACS and OpenGrey databases was carried out. The criteria used were those described by the PRISMA Statement. The search was not temporarily restricted and was updated to January 2022. The quality assessment was analyzed using the JBI Prevalence Critical Appraisal Tool. Results After searching, 7 studies were included that met the established criteria. Of these, 6 analysed the prevalence of AS in CD patients and 4 in UC. A total of 1,744 patients were analysed (CD=1,477 patients; 84.69%; UC=267; 15.31%). The greatest reduction in AS prevalence was observed after anti-TNF therapy. The effect of these therapies on the prevalence of AS in patients with IBD-U could not be determined. Conclusions Both biologic therapies achieve a reduction in the prevalence of AS in IBD patients (CD and UC). However, the best results were obtained in patients treated with anti-TNFs, possibly because VDZ is often used in patients who do not respond adequately to previous treatment with anti-TNFs and because of its intestinal specificity. Key words:Inflammatory bowel disease, crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, undetermined, systemic extraintestinal manifestations, aphthous stomatitis.
The self-actuating InAs nanowire-based nanoelectromechanical Josephson junction

Half a century ago Brian Josephson made a series of striking predictions related to a tunnelling barrier sandwiched between two superconductors. One particular prediction, later became known as the a.c. -Josephson effect, said that under a finite d.c. bias the tunnelling current contains an a.c. supercurrent component, oscillating at microwave frequency. This prediction was experimentally verified through observation of the junction current-voltage characteristics modified by the interaction with the electromagnetic radiation, and direct detection of the microwave radiation emitted from the junction itself. It had also been established that the behaviour of the d.c. current-voltage characteristic is determined by the high-frequency dynamics of the Josephson junction, and can be used to study various systems such as atoms in the electron-spin resonance, optical phonons in high-Tc superconductors, and vibrating Nb molecules. Here we present an InAs nanowire Josephson junction device, where a vibrating nanowire weak link plays the role of a nanoelectromechanical resonator. The flow of the a.c. - Josephson current through the junction enabled actuation and detection of vibrational modes of the resonator by means of simple d.c. transport measurements.
Observation of Anisotropy in the Arrival Direction Distribution of TeV Cosmic Rays with HAWC

The High-Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Observatory, located 4100 m above sea level near Sierra Negra (19$^\circ$ N) in Mexico, is sensitive to gamma rays and cosmic rays at TeV energies. The arrival direction distribution of cosmic rays at these energies shows significant anisotropy on several angular scales, with a relative intensity ranging between 10$^{-3}$ and 10$^{-4}$. We present the results of a study of cosmic-ray anisotropy based on more than 86 billion cosmic-ray air showers recorded with HAWC since June 2013. The HAWC cosmic-ray sky map, which has a median energy of 2 TeV, exhibits several regions of significantly enhanced cosmic-ray flux. We present the energy dependence of the anisotropy and the cosmic-ray spectrum in the regions of significant excess.
Treatment Planning Optimization for Radiotherapy

We study the problem of treatment planning in radiotherapy. We use an energy‐dependent Boltzmann‐based particle transport model as a partial integro‐differential constraint for a convex optimization problem. We solve the resulting optimal control problem using a minimum entropy moment closure. Numerical results for problems on patient data are presented. (© 2013 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Numerical simulation of the airflow near the leading edge and trailing edge of a flat plate

In this paper, a full-scale two-dimensional simulation of boundary layer development is carried out on a flat plate base on real experiments. The influence of the trailing edge angle on the flow near the leading edge is investigated. According to the fact that a gap and a backward-facing step may appear in real experiment, a simulation of related flows near the trailing edge is also included in this paper. The results show that adjusting the trailing edge can effectively eliminate the pressure peak at the leading edge, and there is a crosstalk between the flow fields on the upper and lower surfaces of the plate through the gap, which may affect the boundary layer development on the working face. It is expected that the numerical simulation in this paper will provide guidance to the experiments of boundary-layer transition in the future.
Research on crime location prediction based on artificial intelligence and data mining

This paper uses data mining technology and artificial intelligence technology to establish a crime risk prediction model for urban scenes. We provide a low-cost and large-scale crime risk prediction method. We combine scenario analysis of crime with scenario risk prediction. The method presented in this paper can effectively identify the scenario variation characteristics of crimes and has a good effect on identifying the elements and layout characteristics of urban scenes with high crime risk. In addition, we consider the scenario influence factors of crime and dig deeper into the causes of crime, providing a reference for multi-scale crime geography research. This study helps promote the interaction between other subjects and criminal geography.
An optimization model for investment in traditional and emerging business of power grid based on genetic algorithm

With the continuous changes in China's investment environment, new changes in power grid investment patterns have emerged, requiring the transformation and upgrading of traditional businesses and the continuous development of new businesses. This paper analyses the coupling relationship between traditional business and new business based on coupling degree theory, and analyses the factors influencing the investment demand of traditional business and new business of power grid enterprises. With the goal of maximizing the investment value of traditional and new business, we consider the impact of investment projects on the economy, reliability and security of power grid, and add the capital constraint to the objective function in the form of penalty function, so as to build an optimization model of power grid investment based on the integration of traditional and new business. The practicality and accuracy of the model are verified through case analysis based on genetic algorithm.
Unveiling the microscopic nature of correlated organic conductors: the case of kappa-(BEDT-TTF)2Cu[N(CN)2]BrxCl1-x

A few organic conductors show a diversity of exciting properties like Mott insulating behaviour, spin liquid, antiferromagnetism, bad metal or unconventional superconductivity controlled by small changes in temperature, pressure or chemical substitution. While such a behaviour can be technologically relevant for functional switches, a full understanding of its microscopic origin is still lacking and poses a challenge in condensed matter physics since these phases may be a manifestation of electronic correlation. Here we determine from first principles the microscopic nature of the electronic phases in the family of organic systems kappa-(ET)2Cu[N(CN)2]BrxCl1-x by a combination of density functional theory calculations and the dynamical mean field theory approach in a new form adapted for organic systems. By computing spectral and optical properties we are able to disentangle the origin of the various optical transitions in these materials and prove that correlations are responsible for relevant features. Remarkably, while some transitions are inherently affected by correlations, others are completely uncorrelated. We discuss the consequences of our findings for the phase diagram in these materials.
ILLUMINATING MASSIVE BLACK HOLES WITH WHITE DWARFS: ORBITAL DYNAMICS AND HIGH-ENERGY TRANSIENTS FROM TIDAL INTERACTIONS

White dwarfs (WDs) can be tidally disrupted only by massive black holes (MBHs) with masses less than ∼105 M☉. These tidal interactions feed material to the MBH well above its Eddington limit, with the potential to launch a relativistic jet. The corresponding beamed emission is a promising indication of an otherwise quiescent MBH of relatively low mass. We show that the mass transfer history, and thus the light curve, is quite different when the disruptive orbit is parabolic, eccentric, or circular. The mass lost each orbit exponentiates in the eccentric-orbit case, leading to the destruction of the WD after several tens of orbits. We examine the stellar dynamics of clusters surrounding MBHs to show that single-passage WD disruptions are substantially more common than repeating encounters. The 1049 erg s−1 peak luminosity of these events makes them visible to cosmological distances. They may be detectible at rates of as many as tens per year by instruments like Swift. In fact, WD-disruption transients significantly outshine their main-sequence star counterparts and are the tidal interaction most likely to be detected arising from MBHs with masses less than 105 M☉. The detection or nondetection of such WD-disruption transients by Swift is, therefore, a powerful tool to constrain the lower end of the MBH mass function. The emerging ultralong gamma-ray burst class of events all have peak luminosities and durations reminiscent of WD disruptions, offering a hint that WD-disruption transients may already be present in existing data sets.
Reformoptionen für ein nachhaltiges Steuer- und Abgabensystem

Zusammenfassung Steuern und Abgaben auf Produkte oder Verbrauch mit gesellschaftlichen Folgekosten (externe Kosten) – sogenannte Pigou- oder Lenkungssteuern – sind ein gesellschaftliches „Win-Win-Instrument“. Sie verbessern die Wohlfahrt und schützen gleichzeitig die Umwelt und das Klima. Dies wird erreicht, indem umweltschädigende Aktivitäten einen Preis bekommen, der möglichst exakt der Höhe des Schadens entspricht. Eine konsequente Bepreisung der externen Kosten nach diesem Prinzip könnte in Deutschland erhebliche zusätzliche Einnahmen erbringen: Basierend auf bisherigen Studien zu externen Kosten wären zusätzliche Einnahmen in der Größenordnung von 348 bis 564 Milliarden Euro pro Jahr (44 bis 71 Prozent der gesamten Steuereinnahmen) möglich. Die Autoren warnen allerdings, dass die Bezifferung der externen Kosten mit erheblichen Unsicherheiten verbunden ist. Damit Lenkungssteuern und -abgaben ihre positiven Lenkungs- und Wohlstandseffekte voll entfalten können, seien zudem institutionelle Reformen notwendig.
Topological odd-parity superconductors

We investigate topological phases of full-gapped odd-parity superconductors without or with time-reversal invariance. For odd-parity superconductors, a combination of the inversion and the $U(1)$ gauge symmetry is manifestly preserved, and the combined symmetry enables us to characterize the topological phases from the knowledge of the electron dispersion. Topologically protected gapless boundary states are predicted from the Fermi-surface topology. Simple criteria for topological odd-parity superconductors, in particular, that for a non-Abelian topological phase supporting a non-Abelian anyon are provided. Implications for nodal odd-parity superconductors are also discussed.
Ultra-low-energy straintronics using multiferroic composites

The primary impediment to continued improvement of traditional charge-based electronic devices in accordance with Moore's law is the excessive energy dissipation that takes place in the devices during switching of bits. One very promising solution is to utilize strain-mediated multiferroic composites, i.e., a magnetostrictive nanomagnet strain-coupled to a piezoelectric layer, where the magnetization can be switched between its two stable states in sub-nanosecond delay while expending a minuscule amount of energy of ~1 attojoule at room-temperature. Apart from devising digital memory and logic, these multiferroic devices can be also utilized for analog signal processing, e.g., voltage amplifier. First, we briefly review the recent advances on multiferroic straintronic devices and then we show here that in a magnetostrictive nanomagnet, it is possible to achieve the so-called Landauer limit (or the ultimate limit) of energy dissipation of amount kT ln(2) compensating the entropy loss, thereby linking information and thermodynamics.
Effects of adding self-aligning mechanism to the wrist rehabilitation device on the active range of motion

The inevitable axis misalignment between human wrist joint and the rehabilitation robot joint may bring undesired reaction force, which may block the acquire of wrist natural range of motion (ROM). To compensate axis misalignment, the introduction of self-alignment mechanism (SAM) to robots is one of the extensively applied method. However, this method may have effects on the biomechanical properties of wrist joint, and the definite effects of SAM on the wrist ROM have been rarely investigated up to date. The assessment of wrist active ROM can provide insight into improvements and effective monitoring during a rehabilitation program. To verify the effects of SAM on the wrist active ROM of flexion/extension, experiments involving 8 healthy subjects were conducted in the cases of SAM locked and SAM unlocked respectively, thus active ROM measured by robot-assisted assessment method. Results show that the mean values of the active ROM has a maximum increase of 21. 64º with SAM unlocked compared to that with SAM locked. Test-retest reliability of the proposed assessment method was also analyzed with intraclass correlation coefficient more than 0.79, and standard error of measurement less than 4. 17º. These suggest that the application of SAM on the WReD II was feasible and reliable to help acquire larger wrist active ROM.
Projection of age of individuals living with HIV and time since ART initiation in 2030: estimates for France

Thanks to antiretroviral treatment (ART), people living with HIV (PLHIV) are living longer and ageing. However, ageing involves increased risks of co‐morbidities, which also depend on when PLHIV individuals started ART. To tackle the HIV age‐related upcoming challenges, knowledge of the current and future age structure of the HIV population is needed. Here, we forecast the demographic profile of the adult population living with diagnosed HIV (aPLdHIV) in France until 2030, accounting for the impact of the ART initiation period on mortality.
How to reconcile Information theory and Gibbs-Herz entropy for inverted populated systems

In this paper we discuss about the validity of the Shannon entropy functional in connection with the correct Gibbs-Hertz probability distribution function. We show that there is no contradiction in using the Shannon-Gibbs functional and restate the validity of information theory applied to equilibrium statistical mechanics. We show that under these assumptions, entropy is always a monotone function of energy, irrespective to the shape of the density of states, leading always to positive temperatures even in the case of inverted population systems. In the second part we assume the validity of the Shannon entropy and thermodynamic temperature, T=dE/dS, extended to systems under non-equilibrium steady state. Contrary to equilibrium, we discuss the possibility and meaning of a negative temperature in this case. Finally we discuss on Carnot cycles operating with a non-equilibrium bath possessing a negative temperature and leading to apparent efficiencies larger than one, due to a wrong accounting af all the energy and entropy fluxes present in the system, including the external driving forces.
"(so long, and) thanks for all the color". Requests of Elaboration and Answers They Trigger in Earnings Conference Calls

Dialogical exchanges in the financial communication field, especially in the form of Q&A, have a particular relevance in the study of argumentative strategies inasmuch as they display peculiar argumentative patterns. In the present contribution, we tackle the relationship between certain frequent types of requests performed by financial analysts to retrieve additional information (namely, of elaboration), and the type(s) of answer managers are prompted to give in turn. To achieve the practical goal, we implement a double cycle of annotation – the last span of which is represented by argumentative reconstruction in OVA. The resulting general aim is to uncover regularity patterns between the turns under scrutiny and their ultimate connection with the overall persuasive incentive of managers and the subsequent observable reverberations on the financial market.
An information theory for erasure channels (invited paper)

In this paper we present a rapid review of known results in the context of different scenario of the erasure channel. We will also give a converse capacity bound for relay channel showing that the cut-set bound is not attainable in general by any fixed coding scheme for the single sender-single relay case. This bound shows the difference between the degraded situation where the cut-set bound is attainable and some specific case of the non-degraded situation where the cut-set bound is not attainable. The obtained reverse bound could be used for deriving tighter cut-set type bound for general multi-terminal erasure channels.
UV-CONTINUUM SLOPES OF >4000 z ∼ 4–8 GALAXIES FROM THE HUDF/XDF, HUDF09, ERS, CANDELS-SOUTH, AND CANDELS-NORTH FIELDS

We measure the UV-continuum slope β for over 4000 high-redshift galaxies over a wide range of redshifts z ∼ 4–8 and luminosities from the HST HUDF/XDF, HUDF09-1, HUDF09-2, ERS, CANDELS-N, and CANDELS-S data sets. Our new β results reach very faint levels at z ∼ 4 (−15.5 mag: ), z ∼ 5 (−16.5 mag: ), and z ∼ 6 and z ∼ 7 (−17 mag: ). Inconsistencies between previous studies led us to conduct a comprehensive review of systematic errors and develop a new technique for measuring β that is robust against biases that arise from the impact of noise. We demonstrate, by object-by-object comparisons, that all previous studies, including our own and those done on the latest HUDF12 data set, suffered from small systematic errors in β. We find that after correcting for the systematic errors (typically Δβ ∼ 0.1–0.2) all β results at z ∼ 7 from different groups are in excellent agreement. The mean β we measure for faint (−18 mag: ) z ∼ 4, z ∼ 5, z ∼ 6, and z ∼ 7 galaxies is −2.03 ± 0.03 ± 0.06 (random and systematic errors), −2.14 ± 0.06 ± 0.06, −2.24 ± 0.11 ± 0.08, and −2.30 ± 0.18 ± 0.13, respectively. Our new β values are redder than we have reported in the past, but bluer than other recent results. Our previously reported trend of bluer β's at lower luminosities is confirmed, as is the evolution to bluer β's at high redshifts. β appears to show only a mild luminosity dependence faintward of MUV, AB ∼ −19 mag, suggesting that the mean β asymptotes to ∼−2.2 to −2.4 for faint z ⩾ 4 galaxies. At z ∼ 7, the observed β's suggest non-zero, but low dust extinction, and they agree well with values predicted in cosmological hydrodynamical simulations.
SPACE VELOCITIES OF SOUTHERN GLOBULAR CLUSTERS. VI. NINE CLUSTERS IN THE INNER MILKY WAY

We have measured the absolute proper motions of nine low-latitude, inner Galaxy globular clusters, namely, NGC 6273 (M 19), NGC 6284, NGC 6287, NGC 6293, NGC 6333 (M 9), NGC 6342, NGC 6356, NGC 6388, and NGC 6441. These are the first determinations ever made for these clusters. The proper motions are on the International Celestial Reference System via Hipparcos. The proper-motion errors range between 0.4 and 0.9 mas yr−1 and are dominated by the number of measurable cluster members in these regions which are very crowded by the bulge/bar and the thick disk. This sample contains five metal-poor ([Fe/H] < −1.0) and four metal-rich ([Fe/H] ⩾ −1.0) clusters; seven clusters are located within ∼4 kpc from the Galactic center, while the remaining two, namely NGC 6356 and NGC 6284, are in the background of the bulge at ∼7.5 kpc from the Galactic center. By combining proper motions with radial velocities and distances from the literature we derive three-dimensional velocities. In a number of cases, distance uncertainties make the kinematical classification ambiguous. For the metal-poor group of clusters, we find that three clusters, namely NGC 6273, NGC 6287, and NGC 6293 are members of a kinematically hot system, the inner halo. As for the remaining two metal-poor clusters, NGC 6284 is located at ∼7.5 kpc from the Galactic center and kinematically belongs to the thick disk, while NGC 6333, located in the inner ∼2 kpc, has an uncertain membership (between halo and thick disk) due to the distance uncertainty. Within the metal-rich group of clusters, NGC 6356 and NGC 6342 have velocities compatible with membership in the thick disk; however, velocity uncertainties do not allow us to rule out their belonging to a hotter system. NGC 6342 is within ∼2 kpc from the Galactic center, and thus it may belong to the bulge. NGC 6356 is at ∼7.5 kpc from the Galactic center and thus its metallicity, kinematics, and location argue together in favor of thick-disk membership. The remaining two metal-rich clusters, NGC 6388 and NGC 6441, have velocities incompatible with membership in the thick disk or the bar of the Milky Way. They can be thought of as members of a kinematically hot system in the inner Galaxy. Curiously, both clusters have similar velocity components. Together with their similar Galactic location and peculiar but similar stellar-population characteristics, these two clusters may share a common origin. Their velocities are also very low indicating that the two clusters are now at apocenter, i.e., they will not leave the inner ∼4 kpc of the Galaxy.
Annual Parallax Distance and Secular Motion of the Water Fountain Source IRAS 18286-0959

We report on results of astrometric observations of water vapor masers in the "water fountain" source IRAS 18286-0959 (I18286) with the VLBI Exploration of Radio Astrometry (VERA). These observations yielded an annual parallax of IRAS 18286-0959, pi=0.277+/-0.041 mas, corresponding to a heliocentric distance of D=3.61(+0.63)(-0.47) kpc. The maser feature, whose annual parallax was measured, showed the absolute proper motion of (mu_alpha, mu_delta)=(-3.2 +/- 0.3, -7.2 +/- 0.2) [mas/yr]. The intrinsic motion of the maser feature in the internal motions of the cluster of features in I18286 does not seem to trace the motion of the bipolar jet of I18286. Taking into account this intrinsic motion, the derived motion of the maser feature is roughly equal to that of the maser source I18286 itself. The proximity of I18286 to the Galactic midplane (z~10 pc) suggests that the parental star of the water fountain source in I18286 should be intermediate-mass AGB/post-AGB star, but the origin of a large deviation of the systemic source motion from that expected from the Galactic rotation curve is still unclear.