Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Responsive Multi-objective Load Balancing Transformation Using Particle Swarm Optimization in Cloud Environment

Cloud computing is an emerging computing paradigm with a large collection of heterogeneous autonomous systems with flexible computational architecture which provides the customers with computing resources as a service over a network on their demand. A multi-objective nature is inherent in cloud resource scheduling, as the objectives of cloud providers, cloud users, and other stakeholders can be independent. Resource allocation among multiple clients has to be ensured as per service level agreements. Several techniques have been invented and tested by research community for generation of optimal schedules in cloud computing. To accomplish these goals and achieve high performance, it is important to design and develop a Responsive multi-objective load balancing Transformation algorithm (RMOLBT) based on abstraction in multi cloud environment. It is most challenging to schedule the tasks along with satisfying the user‟s Quality of Service requirements. This paper proposes a wide variety of task scheduling and resource utilization using Particle swarm Optimization (PSO) in cloud environment. The result obtained by RMOLBT was simulated by an open source cloudsim configured with test case specification. Finally, the results demonstrate the suitability of the proposed scheme that will increase throughput, reduce waiting time, reduction in missed process considerably and balances load among the physical machines in a Data centre in multi cloud environment.
Does God practice a random walk? The 'financial physics' of a nineteenth-century forerunner, Jules Regnault

We analyse the work of a neglected French economist, Jules Regnault, whose Calcul des Chances et Philosophie de la Bourse (1863) laid the basis of modern stochastic models of price behaviour and contains an anticipation of econometrics. At a time when short-term speculation was denounced as immoral, he approached this question ‘scientifically’ and constructed two models. The first one was relative to short-term speculation and took the shape of a random walk - a model used by Bachelier (1900). The second one deals with long-term speculation and aims at evaluating the mean value of the French 3 per cent bond.
A (cid:2) 1,4-galactosyltransferase is required for Bmp2-dependent patterning of the dorsoventral axis during zebraﬁsh embryogenesis

are highly polymorphic macromolecules that are involved in diverse biological processes; however, a detailed understanding of their function remains obscure. To better deﬁne the roles of complex carbohydrates during vertebrate embryogenesis, we have initiated an analysis of glycosyltransferase function using the zebraﬁsh system. In this study, we report the characterization of a zebraﬁsh (cid:2) 1,4-galactosyltransferase (GalT), which has substantial homology with mammalian (cid:2) 4GalT5 and is expressed zygotically throughout the zebraﬁsh embryo. Downregulating the expression of (cid:2) 4GalT5 by injection of speciﬁc morpholino oligonucleotides results in dorsalized zebraﬁsh embryos, suggesting a role of (cid:2) 4GalT5 in Bmp2-mediated speciﬁcation of the dorsoventral axis. Consistent with this, morpholino-injected embryos have ventrally expanded chordin expression and reduced activation of the Bmp-dependent transcription factors Smad1/5/8. Because other growth factors, such as Egf and Fgf, require binding to extracellular proteoglycans for delivery and/or binding to their cognate receptors, we examined whether proteoglycans isolated from control and morpholino-injected embryos show differential binding affinities for Bmp2. In this regard, proteoglycans isolated from (cid:2) 4GalT5 morphant embryos are underglycosylated and are unable to bind recombinant Bmp2 as efficiently as proteoglycans from control-injected embryos, whereas the binding of Bmp7 is relatively unaffected. These results suggest that (cid:2) 4GalT5 is a previously unidentiﬁed zebraﬁsh galactosyltransferase that is essential for proper patterning of the dorsoventral axis by regulating Bmp2 signaling. Furthermore, this work demonstrates that a relatively simple carbohydrate modiﬁcation to endogenous proteoglycans can modulate the speciﬁcity of cytokine signaling. BMP7. splice-blocking (MO2) or translation-blocking
The Role of Focal adhesion kinase in shear induced signaling

: Atherosclerosis is a chronic vascular inflammatory disease that develops in areas of disturbed flow like artery bifurcations and branch points. The transcription factor NF-kB is activated in atherosclerotic lesions and stimulates E-selectin, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression, which mediate leukocyte recruitment. NF-kB activation by flow is downstream of integrin activation. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a critical mediator of integrin signaling. To test FAK’s role in flow-induced NF-kB activation, I isolated mouse aortic endothelial cells from conditional FAK knockout mice. Cre adenovirus caused complete loss of FAK from the conditional cells. Shear stress activated NF-kB in WT but not FAK-/-endothelial cells, whereas Erk activation was similar in both cell types. While, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are critical mediators of flow induced NF-kB activation production their production was unaffected in FAK-/- cells, arguing the FAK might be involved in a distinct pathway of NF-kB activation by flow.
Expression during Sporulation in Bacillus subtilis

The ski4::Tn9171ac insertion mutation in BaciUus subtilis was isolated in a screen for mutations that cause a defect in sporulation but that are suppressed by the presence or overexpression of the histidine protein kinase encoded by kinA (spoIj). ski4::Tn917Lac caused a small defect in sporulation, but in combination with a null mutation in kinA, it caused a much more severe defect. The insertion mutation was in an 87-amino-acid open reading frame (orf87 bofA) that controls the activation of a sigma factor, crK, at intermediate times during sporulation. The ski4 mutation caused the premature expression of cotA, a gene controlled by orK. An independent mutation that causes the premature activation of oK also caused a synthetic (synergistic) sporulation phenotype in combination with a null mutation in kinA, indicating that the defect was due to altered timing of gene expression directed by oK. Expression of ski4 was shown to be controlled by the sporulationspecific sigma factor cr.
Sodium Inﬂux Blockade and Hypoxic Damage to CA1 Pyramidal Neurons in Rat Hippocampal Slices

R. B. Newman, G. Chambers, and J. Wang. Sodium inﬂux blockade and hypoxic damage to CA1 pyramidal neurons in rat hippocampal slices. J Neu- rophysiol 86: 2715–2726, 2001. We studied the effects of lidocaine and tetrodotoxin (TTX) on hypoxic changes in CA1 pyramidal neu- rons to examine the ionic basis of neuronal damage. Lidocaine (10 and 100 m M) and TTX (6 and 63 nM) delayed and attenuated the hypoxic depolarization and improved recovery of the resting and action po- tentials after 10 min of hypoxia. Lidocaine (10 and 100 m M) and TTX (63 nM) reduced the number of morphologically damaged CA1 cells and improved protein synthesis measured after 10 min hypoxia. Lidocaine (10 m M) attenuated the increase in intracellular sodium (181 vs. 218%) and the depolarization ( 2 21 vs. 2 1 mV) during hypoxia but did not signiﬁcantly attenuate the changes in ATP, potassium, or calcium measured at 10 min of hypoxia. Lidocaine (100 m M) attenuated the changes in membrane potential, sodium, potassium, ATP, and calcium during hypoxia. TTX (63 nM) attenuated the changes in membrane potential ( 2 36 vs. 2 1 mV), sodium (179 vs. 226%), potassium (78 vs. 50%), and ATP (24 vs. 11%) but did not signiﬁ- cantly attenuate the increase in calcium during hypoxia. These data indicate that the primary blockade of sodium channels can secondarily alter other cellular parameters. The hypoxic depolarization and the increase in intracellular sodium appear to be important triggers of hypoxic damage independent of their effect on cytosolic calcium; a treatment that selectively blocked sodium inﬂux (lidocaine 10 m M) improved recovery. Our data indicate that selective blockade of so- dium channels with a low concentration of lidocaine or TTX improves recovery after hypoxia by attenuating the rise in cellular sodium and the hypoxic depolarization. This blockade improves the resting and action potentials, histologic state, and protein synthesis of CA1 py- ramidal neurons after 10 min of hypoxia to rat hippocampal slices. A higher concentration of lidocaine, which also improved ATP, potas- sium, and calcium concentrations during hypoxia was more potent. In conclusion, the depolarization and increased sodium concentration during hypoxia account for a portion of the neuronal damage after hypoxia independent of changes in calcium. ﬂuorescence ﬂuorescence
Design of Storage Server Using Byte Index Chunking

In this paper, we propose a deduplication storage system exploiting byte index chunking approach to minimize storage space and network bandwidth. The key idea of this paper is to provide duplication checking mechanism based on byte index chunking scheme of fixed-length block algorithm. Our approach can minimize computation time for detecting duplicated region of blocks while decreasing processing time.
Representativeness Heuristic, Investment Decisions, and Financial Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises in Nairobi, Kenya

Heuristic factors play an undeniable role in influencing individuals' decisions, including investment decisions. They have emotional impact on all investors and vary subject to the investor’s nature which affects the financial performance of the firm. Investors have a specific way of intellectual and feeling which affects their actions when making investment decisions. These influences are called psychological or behavioral heuristics. Using cross-sectional data from 382 respondents of small and medium enterprises located in Nairobi County, the research evaluated the direct influence of Representativeness Heuristic on the financial performance of the SMEs in Nairobi County. In addition, the research scrutinized the mediational effect of Investment decisions on the relationship between Representativeness heuristic and the financial performance of the said SMEs. The study is guided by Heuristic theory and Modern portfolio theory. The study used an explanatory research design and arranged the samples into strata. Data collection was done through self-administered, structured questionnaires and elements were grounded on a 5-point Likert scale after which data analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study hypotheses were tested with the use of multiple regression models and Hayes process macro. The results showed that Representativeness Heuristics significantly predicts SME’s financial performance (β= .169, p< .05) and this relationship is partially mediated by Investment decisions (β =.285, p < .001, CI=0.023, 0.099). Theoretically, the study supported the incorporation of different key dimensions of heuristic factors and investment decisions to achieve the financial performance of SMEs. Finally, there is a need to undertake similar studies covering other geographical locations to make a generalization of this study.
The E ﬀ ects of pH Change through Liming on Soil N 2 O Emissions

: Nitrous oxide (N 2 O) is an overwhelming greenhouse gas and agricultural soils, particularly acidic soils, are the main source of its release to the atmosphere. To ameliorate acidic soil condition, liming materials are added as an amendment. However, the impact of liming materials has not been well addressed in terms of exploring the e ﬀ ect of soil pH change on N 2 O emissions. In the present study, a soil with pH 5.35 was amended with liming materials (CaMg(CO 3 ) 2 , CaCO 3 , Ca(OH) 2 and CaO) to investigate their e ﬀ ects on N 2 O emissions. The results indicate that application of liming materials reduced the magnitudes of N 2 O emissions. The maximum reduction of soil N 2 O emissions took place for Ca(OH) 2 treatment when compared to the other liming materials, and was related to increasing soil pH. Mineral N, dissolved organic C, and microbial biomass C were also inﬂuenced by liming materials, but the trend was inconsistent to the soil pH change. The results suggest that N 2 O emission mitigation is more dependent on soil pH than C and N dynamics when comparing the di ﬀ erent liming materials. Moreover, ameliorating soil acidity is a promising option to mitigate N 2 O emissions from acidic soils.
RESEARCH Anti-proliferation Effects of Isorhamnetin on Lung Cancer Cells in Vitro and in Vivo

Background: Isorhamnetin (Iso), a novel and essential monomer derived from total flavones of Hippophae rhamnoides that has long been used as a traditional Chinese medicine for angina pectoris and acute myocardial infarction, has also shown a spectrum of antitumor activity. However, little is known about the mechanisms of action Iso on cancer cells. Objectives: To investigate the effects of Iso on A549 lung cancer cells and underlying mechanisms. Materials and Methods: A549 cells were treated with 10~320 μg/ml Iso. Their morphological and cellular characteristics were assessed by light and electronic microscopy. Growth inhibition was analyzed by MTT, clonogenic and growth curve assays. Apoptotic characteristics of cells were determined by flow cytometry (FCM), DNA fragmentation, single cell gel electrophoresis (comet) assay, immunocytochemistry and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase nick end labeling (TUNEL) . Tumor models were setup by transplanting Lewis lung carcinoma cells into C57BL/6 mice, and the weights and sizes of tumors were measured. Results: Iso markedly inhibited the growth of A549 cells with induction of apoptotic changes. Iso at 20 μg/ml, could induce A549 cell apoptosis, up-regulate the expression of apoptosis genes Bax, Caspase-3 and P53, and down-regulate the expression of Bcl-2, cyclinD1 and PCNA protein. The tumors in tumor-bearing mice treated with Iso were significantly smaller than in the control group. The results of apoptosis-related genes, PCNA, cyclinD1 and other protein expression levels of transplanted Lewis cells were the same as those of A549 cells in vitro . Conclusions: Iso, a natural single compound isolated from total flavones, has antiproliferative activity against lung cancer in vitro and in vivo . Its mechanisms of action may involve apoptosis of cells induced by down-regulation of oncogenes and up-regulation of apoptotic genes.
Institutional Knowledge at Singapore Management University Institutional Knowledge at Singapore Management University

Microblogging services allow users to create hashtags to categorize their posts. In recent years, the task of recommending hashtags for microblogs has been given increasing attention. However, most of existing methods depend on hand-crafted features. Motivated by the successful use of long short-term memory (LSTM) for many natural language processing tasks, in this paper, we adopt LSTM to learn the representation of a microblog post. Observing that hashtags indicate the primary topics of microblog posts, we propose a novel attention-based LSTM model which incorporates topic modeling into the LSTM architecture through an attention mechanism. We evaluate our model using a large real-world dataset. Experimental results show that our model signiﬁcantly outperforms various competitive baseline methods. Furthermore, the incorporation of topical attention mechanism gives more than 7.4% improvement in F1 score compared with standard LSTM method.
OP-EHJD210075 1..10

Aims International guidelines mandate the use of fractional flow reserve (FFR) and/or non-hyperaemic pressure ratios to assess the physiological significance of moderate coronary artery lesions to guide revascularization decisions. However, they remain underused such that visual estimation of lesion severity continues to be the predominant decision-making tool. It would be pragmatic to have an improved understanding of the relationship between lesion morphology and haemodynamics. The aim of this study was to compute virtual FFR (vFFR) in idealized coronary artery geometries with a variety of stenosis and vessel characteristics. Methods and results Coronary artery geometries were modelled, based upon physiologically realistic branched arteries. Common stenosis characteristics were studied, including % narrowing, length, eccentricity, shape, number, position relative to branch, and distal (myocardial) resistance. Computational fluid dynamics modelling was used to calculate vFFRs using the VIRTUheart system. Percentage lesion severity had the greatest effect upon FFR. Any >_80% diameter stenosis in two views (i.e. concentric) was physiologically significant (FFR <_ 0.80), irrespective of length, shape, or vessel diameter. Almost all eccentric stenoses and all 50% concentric stenoses were physiologically non-significant, whilst 70% uniform concentric stenoses about 10 mm long straddled the ischaemic threshold (FFR 0.80). A low microvascular resistance (MVR) reduced FFR on average by 0.05, and a high MVR increased it by 0.03. Conclusion Using computational modelling, we have produced an analysis of vFFR that relates stenosis characteristics to haemodynamic significance. The strongest predictor of a positive vFFR was a concentric, >_80% diameter stenosis. The importance of MVR was quantified. Other lesion characteristics have a limited impact.
Some topics in the geometry of framed sheaves and their moduli spaces

La these est consacree a l'etude des faisceaux encadres sur des varietes non-singulieres projectives et des proprietes geometriques de leurs espaces de modules. En particulier, on donne une generalisation au cas encadre des resultats connus pour les faisceaux (semi)stables sans torsion non-encadres, comme l'existence de la filtration de Harder-Narasimhan (relative), theoremes de restriction de Mehta-Ramanathan, compactification de Donaldson-Uhlenbeck, la definition de la classe d'Atiyah relative et la description de l'application de Kodaira-Spencer via la classe d'Atiyah relative, l'existence d'une structure symplectique holomorphe, dans certains cas, sur les espaces de modules de faisceaux encadres.
DISCUSSION PAPER COMPETITION IN POSTED PRICES WITH STOCHASTIC DISCOUNTS

We study price competition between ﬁrms over public list or posted prices when a fraction of consumers (termed ‘bargainers’) can subsequently receive discounts with some probability. Such stochastic discounts are a feature of markets in which some consumers bargain explicitly; of markets in which sellers use the marketing practice of couponing; and of markets in which sellers oﬀer both simple-to-understand tariﬀs (the posted prices) alongside complex or opaque tariﬀs that might oﬀer a discount. Even though bargainers receive reductions oﬀ the posted prices, the potential to discount dampens competitive pressure in the market by reducing the incentive to undercut a rival’s posted price, thus raising all prices and increasing proﬁts. Welfare falls because of the stochastic nature of the discounts, which generates some misallocation of products to consumers. We also ﬁnd that stochastic discounts facilitate collusion by reducing the market share that can be gained from a deviation.
EFFECT OF EXOGENOUS ENZYMES ON PERFORMANCE OF BROILER CHICKEN IN ALGERIA

The aim of this study is to evaluate zootechnical and biochemical parameters in poultry farm after using dietary exogenous enzymes. This study was conducted on a total of 7.400 chicks from Arbor Acres strain. They were divided into two groups, one received a basic diet (standard) not supplemented with enzymes as control throughout the rearing period and the other a diet supplemented with enzymes. Growth performance, feed efficiency and mortality were recorded at the end of each week. Results showed that the addition of the enzymes does not significantly improve body weight and feed conversion during the breeding period. However, the mortality rate was higher in the control group compared to the one supplemented with the enzymes. The group exposed to exogenous enzymes had lower level of serum glucose (1.75 g.L-1vs 2,60 g.L-1), respectively for the control and experimental group) and not significantly higher levels of triglycerides (0,87 vs 0,53 g.L-1), HDL (0,79 vs 0,75 g.L-1) and LDL (0,28 vs 0,16 g.L-1). Exogenous enzymes proved some positive effects on zootechnical parameters and serum glucose in Algerian broiler chicks.
Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Current Concepts in the Management of Inﬂammation in Osteoarthritis

: Osteoarthritis (OA) has traditionally been known as a “wear and tear” disease, which is mainly characterized by the degradation of articular cartilage and changes in the subchondral bone. Despite the fact that OA is often thought of as a degenerative disease, the catabolic products of the cartilage matrix often promote inﬂammation by activating immune cells. Current OA treatment focuses on symptomatic treatment, with a primary focus on pain management, which does not promote cartilage regeneration or attenuate joint inﬂammation. Since articular cartilage have no ability to regenerate, thus regeneration of the tissue is one of the key targets of modern treatments for OA. Cell-based therapies are among the new therapeutic strategies for OA. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been extensively researched as potential therapeutic agents in cell-based therapy of OA due to their ability to differentiate into chondrocytes and their immunomodulatory properties that can facilitate cartilage repair and regeneration. In this review, we emphasized current knowledge and future perspectives on the use of MSCs by targeting their regeneration potential and immunomodulatory effects in the treatment of OA. will accelerate cartilage destruction osteoarthritis.
Linked Data Generation with Provenance Tracking: A Review of the State-of-the-Art

— Provenance of data items plays a pivotal role during the reuse and integration of data from the diverse sources. Determination of trust and authenticity is essential to verify various data products available on the web. Over the past few years, data publication in the Linking Open Data (LOD) cloud has been growing rapidly. Due to the absence of meta-data or provenance, data in the web starts suffering from trust and quality. Until now, lot of standard approaches has been proposed for converting legacy data to Linked Data. However, these approaches still lack a reliable method for tracking provenance of the data items. It is imperative to know the existing approaches for better understanding about how the provenance is tracked and stored. This article reviews almost preeminent approaches on tracking provenance during generation of Linked Data from the legacy data systems and presents them concisely by analyzing with various other approaches.
Preferential P-Hexosaminidase (Hex) A ( a p ) Formation in the Absence of P-Hex B ( P P ) Due to Heterozygous Point Mutations Present in P-Hex P-Chain Alleles of a Motor Neuron Disease Patient*

Deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme P-hexosaminidase B (P-Hex B) (a homodimer, PP), caused by a defect in the HEX B gene encoding the P-chain, is usually accompa- nied by an absence of &Hex A (a heterodimer, ap), thereby causing Sandhoff disease. However, we have earlier demonstrated the presence of partial P-Hex A (3060% of normal) even in the absence of P-Hex B in an adult with motor neuron disease. The patient is a compound heterozygote with normal P-chain message and one HEX B point mutation originating from each asymptomatic parent. Since the non-expression of P-Hex B was post-transcriptional, we transfected COS-7 cells to understand the effect of each mutation on P-Hex B activity.