Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Golgi positioning: are we looking at the right MAP ?

One of the characteristics of the mammalian Golgi is its position adjacent to the nucleus. This characteristic is maintained through the action of the microtubule (MT) minus end–directed motor dynein and MT-associated proteins (MAPs). Recent findings suggest that GMAP-210, a member of the golgin family of proteins, may help to link Golgi membranes and vesicles with the MT cytoskeleton. However, there are good grounds to doubt that either GMAP-210 or its yeast homologue Rud3p is a MAP. Instead, they appear to function in vesicle trafficking events at the Golgi together with the GTPase ARF1 and a small membrane protein, Erv14. As such, the interesting question of how the Golgi interacts with MTs may well remain open to further investigation.
Vascular Development in the Zebraﬁsh

The zebraﬁsh has emerged as an excellent vertebrate model system for studying blood and lymphatic vascular development. The small size, external and rapid development, and optical transparency of zebraﬁsh embryos are some of the advantages the zebraﬁsh model system offers. Multiple well-established techniques have been developed for imaging and functionally manipulating vascular tissues in zebraﬁsh embryos, expanding on and amplify-ing these basic advantages and accelerating use of this model system for studying vascular development. In the past decade, studies performed using zebraﬁsh as a model system have provided many novel insights into vascular development. In this article we discuss the amenability of this model system for studying blood vessel development and review contributions made by this system to our understanding of vascular development.
E ﬀ ects of Feeding Increasing Levels of Yerba Mate on Lamb Meat Quality and Antioxidant Activity

Simple Summary: The population’s growing concern for health and the increased consumption of natural products have led to the study of the use of bioactive compounds in animal feed, especially those containing antioxidants. An example of this is yerba mate ( Ilex paraguariensis ), a plant highly consumed in South America due to its antioxidant properties, which beneﬁt human health and can reduce the incidence of cardiovascular diseases. However, the e ﬀ ects of yerba mate on animal feed as well as the composition and preservation of meat products are unknown. Therefore, the objective of the current study was to evaluate the e ﬀ ects of the inclusion level of yerba mate extract in the lamb’s diet on meat quality traits, antioxidant activity, and shelf-life. Our results showed that the use of the extract in lamb feed did not negatively a ﬀ ect the characteristics of lamb meat nor increase lipoperoxidation during a six-day storage period. The inclusion of 4% yerba mate extract (YME) resulted in a higher value in the yellow colour of the meat. Abstract: The present study investigated the inclusion of yerba mate extract (YME) in the lamb’s diet on meat quality traits, antioxidant activity, and shelf-life. Thirty–six lambs were distributed according to a block design with the following groups: control group without YME (0%) and three treatment groups with 1, 2, and 4% YME inclusion in the dry matter. The animals were fed these diets for 53 days. Samples were collected from the Longissimus thoracis (LT) muscle to analyze antioxidant activity and meat quality. Samples were placed on a counter display simulating a retail environment for 0, 3, and 6 days at 4 ± 2 ◦ C. All data were analyzed using a MIXED model with orthogonal contrasts. Inclusion of 1 and 4% YME in the diet changed the yellow ( b *) and the chroma ( C *) of the meat ( p ≤ 0.05). The pH, colour, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, and carbonyl stability of the lipid normal meat quality
MINIREVIEW Human Immunodeﬁciency Virus Type 1 Vaccine Development: Recent Advances in the Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Platform “Spotty Business” (cid:1)

For human immunodeﬁciency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vaccine development, a central focus is developing a vaccine that primarily drives strong and broad CD8 (cid:1) cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). This focus is largely due to the difﬁculty in generating cross-neutralizing antibodies against the diverse array of HIV viral envelopes (9, 40, 78, 139). The ability of CD8 (cid:1) T cells to impact or control viral replication is supported by model primate studies and is reiterated by studies of immune control in infected individuals. For example, Cao et al. (28) reported that HIV-1-infected long-term nonprogressors exhibited high levels of HIV-speciﬁc CTLs. In addition, HIV-1-infected patients with high levels of virus-speciﬁc CTLs exhibited lower viral loads, slower CD4 (cid:1) T-cell declines as measured in peripheral blood, and relatively stable clinical statuses (23, 81, 108, 112). Preclinical studies conducted with simian immunodeﬁciency virus (SIV)-infected monkeys showed that upon their in vivo depletion of CD8 (cid:1) T cells, a rapid and dramatic increase in viremia was observed (70, 131). While no correlates of immunity for protection against HIV-1 have been concretely estab-lished, these data as well as those of others (6, 13, 137) strongly suggest that CD8
Imperfect Credibility and Robust Monetary Policy CAMA Working Paper 68/2013

This paper studies the behavior of a central bank that seeks to conduct policy optimally while having imperfect credibility and harboring doubts about its model. Taking the Smets-Wouters model as the central bank’s approximating model, the paper’s main findings are as follows. First, a central bank’s credibility can have large consequences for how policy responds to shocks. Second, central banks that have low credibility can benefit from a desire for robustness because this desire motivates the central bank to follow through on policy announcements that would otherwise not be time-consistent. Third, even relatively small departures from perfect credibility can produce important declines in policy performance. Finally, as a technical contribution, the paper develops a numerical procedure to solve the decision-problem facing an imperfectly credible policymaker that seeks robustness. Abstract This paper studies the behavior of a central bank that seeks to conduct policy optimally while having imperfect credibility and harboring doubts about its model. Taking the Smets-Wouters model as the central bank’s approximating model, the paper’s main ﬁ ndings are as follows. First, a central bank’s credibility can have large consequences for how policy responds to shocks. Second, central banks that have low credibility can bene ﬁ t from a desire for robustness because this desire motivates the central bank to follow through on policy announcements that would otherwise not be time-consistent. Third, even relatively small departures from perfect credibility can produce important declines in policy performance. Finally, as a technical contribution, the paper develops a numerical procedure to solve the decision-problem facing an imperfectly credible policymaker that seeks robustness.
Dynamic Equivalent Modeling for Multi-Microgrid Based on Structure Preservation Method

As an increasing number of distributed energy resources (DERs) are integrated in the multi-microgrid (MMG) to meet load demand, the accurate model of MMG becomes high-order and unsuitable for online transient analysis. To address this issue, a dynamic equivalent modeling method for the inverter-based MMG is presented. When focusing on the dynamic behaviors of DERs within a microgrid (MG), the external MGs do not need to be modeled in detail and can be replaced by dynamic equivalent models. At first, the detailed model of a 3-MG system with droop-controlled DERs and PQ-controlled DERs is built as an example to show the equivalent modeling procedure. Subsequently, the developed 3-MG system is partitioned into a study MG and two external MGs. The study MG of the MMG retains its accurate form, while the external MGs will be replaced by the dynamic equivalent models whose model orders are much lower than that of the original one. The proposed procedure is based on the structure preservation method without the time-consuming iterative calculation. Finally, the validation range of the proposed method is verified with different models using the numerical simulation and eigenvalue analysis.
U.S. Per Capita Food Supply Trends: More Calories, Refined Carbohydrates, and Fats

style at the beginning of the 21st century resembles an hour glass rather than the Federal Government’s Food Guide Pyramid. We gobble huge amounts of added fats and sugars from the top tier of the Pyramid (marked “Use sparingly”) and heaping plates of pasta and other refined grains from the bottom tier, but we are sorely lacking in the vegetables, fruits, low-fat milk products, and other nutritious foods in the middle of the Pyramid. A big jump in average calorie intake between 1985 and 2000 without a corresponding increase in the level of physical activity (calorie expenditure) is the prime factor behind America’s soaring rates of obesity and Type 2 diabetes. ERS’s loss-adjusted annual per capita food supply series (adjusted for spoilage, cooking losses, plate waste, and other food losses accumulated throughout the marketing system and the home) suggests that average daily calorie consumption in 2000 was 12 percent, or roughly 300 calories, above the 1985 level (fig. 1). Of that 300calorie increase, grains (mainly refined grains) accounted for 46 percent; added fats, 24 percent; added sugars, 23 percent; fruits and vegetables, 8 percent; and the meat
APPROCHES STATISTIQUES - PROBABILISTES DU COMPORTEMENT MÉCANIQUE DES COMPOSITES À MATRICE CÉRAMIQUE

Des approches statistiques-probabilites du comportement mecanique des composites a matrice ceramique, fondees sur la description des phenomenes stochastiques a l'origine de la fragmentation matricielle et de la rupture ultime, ont ete developpees. Elles ont ete appliquees a des composites unidirectionnels et tisses de type SiC/SiC. Elles ont permis de calculer le comportement mecanique et la rupture en traction et en flexion. L'approche de la fragmentation matricielle repose sur l'analyse des populations de defauts qui provoquent cette fragmentation. Dans le cas des composites unidirectionnels etudies, une seule population est suffisante pour calculer le comportement. Pour les composites tisses etudies, trois populations de defauts caracterisent le processus de fissuration. En ce qui concerne la rupture, une classification, fondee sur les effets de volumes et les ruptures successives d'eprouvettes en traction, permet de definir convenablement le choix du critere probabiliste de rupture (Weibull, Ergodique .). Ainsi le caractere ergodique de la rupture d'un composite tisse SiC/SiC a ete mis en evidence et verifie sur des essais de flexion 3 points et 4 points.
The Relationship Between Body Mass Index and Depression, Anxiety, Body Image, and Eating Attitudes in Adolescents in Iran

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and depression, anxiety, body image, and eating attitudes in 12- to 16-year-old adolescents. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study on 437 students in Shahrekord, Iran, selected by two-step random sampling (selection of schools and students), participants were divided into normal weight (BMI: 5–85th), overweight (BMI: 85–95th), and obese (BMI >95th) groups and completed the questionnaires and data were analyzed by SPSS version 23. Results: BMI had a positive correlation with anxiety, depression, and dysfunctional eating attitudes, and negative correlation with body image in adolescents. Mean scores of depression and anxiety in both overweight and obese groups were significantly higher than those in normal weight adolescents but scores of body image and eating attitudes were not different between overweight and normal weight groups. Conclusion: Obesity and overweight may have adverse effects on mental health of adolescents and more attention to psychological aspect of obesity can help us to provide better health services to overweight and obese adolescents.
W m SOME GET SICK

DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEM Following exposure to the same dose of a bacterial pathogen, responses of individuals from the same genetic-environment group can range from death to little indication that they had been challenged. Moreover, within a group, individuals more resistant to one infectious agent may be more susceptible to another agent. Among commercial poultry enterprises there are many genetic-environment relationships. A goal of husbandry should be a combination of genetics and environments
Prevalence of depressive symptoms and syndromes in later life in ten European countries The SHARE study

Declaration of interest None. Fundingdetailed in Acknowledgements. Depression is common in later life. However, there is considerable variation in reported prevalence between studies worldwide. There have been relatively few direct cross-national comparisons of the prevalence of depression using comparable methodology, particularly with respect to sampling, definition and assessment of outcome. Methodological differences between studies preclude firm conclusions about cross-cultural and geographical variation (Beekman et al, 1999). Improving the comparability of epidemiological research constitutes an important step forward. The EURO–D scale (Prince et al, 1999b) was developed to harmonise data on latelife depression from 11 European population-based studies (EURODEP). The EURO–D scale has more recently been administered in a large, collaborative household survey of nationally representative samples of people aged 50 years and over from ten European countries: the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). Observed differences in prevalence of depression in later life may be accounted for by methodological, compositional or contextual factors. In this analysis we sought to answer three questions:
Sec- and Tat-Dependent Translocation of (cid:2) -Lactamases across the Escherichia coli Inner Membrane (cid:1) †

(cid:1) -Lactamases represent the major resistance mechanism of gram-negative bacteria against (cid:1) -lactam antibiotics. The amino acid sequences of these proteins vary widely, but all are located in the periplasm of bacteria. In this study, we investigated the translocation mechanism of representative (cid:1) -lactamases in an Escherichia coli model. N-terminal signal sequence analyses, antibiotic activity assay, and direct measurement of translocation of a green ﬂuorescent protein (GFP) reporter fused to (cid:1) -lactamases revealed that most were exported via the Sec pathway. However, the Stenotrophomonas maltophilia L2 (cid:1) -lactamase was exported via the E. coli Tat translocase, while the S. maltophilia L1 (cid:1) -lactamase was Sec dependent. These results show the possible Tat-dependent translocation of (cid:1) -lactamases in the E. coli model system. In addition, the mutation of the cytoskeleton-encoding gene mreB , which may be involved in the spatial organization of penicillin-binding proteins, GFP-mut2 The p61ssTEM-1, p61ssCTX-M-14, p61ssBlaC, p61ssL1, p61ssL2, and p61ssAmpC plasmids the corresponding predicted TEM-1, CTX-M-14, BlaC, L1, L2, and N-terminal signal sequences, the ﬁrst 7 to 10 residues of the mature moiety of (cid:2) -lactamases, and the GFP-mut2. The was veriﬁed using medium containing 0.2% arabinose and subsequent GFP-speciﬁc immunoblotting. In addition, the ﬂuorescence capacity of the GFP- fusion proteins was visualized under a confocal LSM510 Meta ﬂuorescent mi-croscope. For cloning and constitutive expression of (cid:2) -lactamases in pBK-CMV, PCRs were performed as described above, using the Platinum Taq DNA polymerase high-ﬁdelity system (Invitrogen, Cergy Pontoise, France). Plasmid pBK- CMV was digested by SmaI and ligated with each (cid:2) -lactamase-speciﬁc PCR product. All constructions were checked by double DNA sequencing Express, France).
Meta-analysis on the effect of off-pump coronary bypass surgery q

Objective : To assess the effect of conventional coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) compared to the off-pump procedure (OPCAB). Methods : Based on randomised trials found in PubMed and Science Citation Index, an overall odds ratio and 95% conﬁdence interval was calculated for the combined endpoint of mortality, stroke and myocardial infarction. Results : The 18 randomised trials included 1584 patients (783 OPCAB, 801 CABG). The odds ratio was 0.73 (95% CI ¼ 0.26; 2.04) at 2-week post-surgery, 0.75 (0.39; 1.42) at 1-month post-surgery, 0.55 (0.28; 1.08) at 3-month post-surgery, and 0.66 (0.38; 1.15) at 1-year post-surgery. Conclusions : The outcome of this meta-analysis shows favourable results for OPCAB for the combined endpoint of mortality, stroke and myocardial infarction at short and long term follow-up. However, none of the risk reductions reach statistical signiﬁcance at the conventional level. Based on our results OPCAB appears to be equivalent to CABG.
Trust and loyalty in online brand communities Con ﬁ anza y lealtad en las comunidades online de marca

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyse the effects of brand trust and online brand community (OBC) trust on consumer repurchase intention and the positive electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) intention of OBCmembers. Design/methodology/approach – The research model was assessed using data from a sample of 628 OBCusers usingpartial least squares structural equationmodelling(PLS-SEM). Findings – The results show that brand trust positively affects repurchase intention and positive eWOM intention, both directly and indirectly through OBC trust. The total effect of brand trust on the results is greater than that of OBCtrust. Originality/value – This research contributes to marketing theory and practice by analysing the combinedeffectof OBCtrustandbrandtruston the consumer – brandrelationship inthe contextof OBCs.
FGF3/FGF4 Ampliﬁcation and Multiple Lung Metastases in Responders to Sorafenib in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

The response rate to sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is relatively low (0.7%-3%), however, rapid and drastic tumor regression is occasionally observed. The molecular backgrounds and clinico-pathological features of these responders remain largely unclear. We analyzed the clinical and molecular backgrounds of 13 responders to sorafenib with signiﬁcant tumor shrinkage in a retrospective study. A comparative genomic hybridization analysis using one frozen HCC sample from a responder demonstrated that the 11q13 region, a rare amplicon in HCC including the loci for FGF3 and FGF4 , was highly ampliﬁed. A real-time polymerase chain reaction–based copy number assay revealed that FGF3 / FGF4 ampliﬁcation was observed in three of the 10 HCC samples from responders in which DNA was evaluable, whereas ampliﬁcation was not observed in 38 patients with stable or progressive disease ( P 5 0.006). Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis conﬁrmed FGF3 ampliﬁcation. In addition, the clinico-pathological features showed that multiple lung metastases (5/13, P 5 0.006) and a poorly differentiated histological type (5/13, P 5 0.13) were frequently observed in responders. A growth inhibitory assay showed that only one FGF3 / FGF4 -ampliﬁed and three FGFR2 -ampliﬁed cancer cell lines exhibited hypersensitivity to sorafenib in vitro . Finally, an in vivo study revealed that treatment with a low dose of sorafenib was partially effective for stably and exogenously expressed FGF4 tumors, while being less effective in tumors expressing EGFP or FGF3 . Conclusion: FGF3 / FGF4 ampliﬁcation was observed in around 2% of HCCs. Although the sample size was relatively small, FGF3/FGF4 ampliﬁcation, a poorly differentiated histological type, and multiple lung metastases were frequently observed in responders to sorafenib. Our ﬁndings may provide a novel insight into the molecular background of HCC and sorafenib responders, warranting further prospective biomarker studies. (H EPATOLOGY 2013;57:1407-1415)
Modeling tuberculosis transmission flow in China CURRENT STATUS: UNDER REVIEW

Background: China has the largest population and third largest number of tuberculosis cases in the world. Tuberculosis still remains a major public health concern in China. The increasing floating population has become an important part of China’s socioeconomic process and brought the potential risk for infectious disease transmission in the huge population. Both the flow of tuberculosis population in the country and the role of massive floating population in tuberculosis transmission are yet unclear. Methods: 14,027 tuberculosis flow data were derived from the new smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis cases in China in 2012, provided by the nationwide Infectious Disease Reporting System. Spatial interaction model was used to model the tuberculosis flow and the regional socioeconomic factors. Results: The Pearl River Delta in southern China and the Yangtze River Delta along China’s east coast presented as the largest destination and concentration areas of tuberculosis inflows. Socioeconomic factors were determinants of tuberculosis flow. A 10% increase in per capita GDP was associated with 2.1% decrease in tuberculosis outflows from the provinces of origin, and 0.5% increase in tuberculosis inflows to the destinations and 18.9% increase in intraprovincial flow. Per capita net income of rural households and per capita disposable income of urban households were positively associated with tuberculosis flows. A 10% increase in per capita net income corresponded to 3.6% increase in outflows from the origin, 12.8% increase in inflows to the destinations and 47.9% increase in intraprovincial flows. Tuberculosis incidence had positive impacts on tuberculosis flows. A 10% increase in the number of tuberculosis cases corresponded to 1.1% increase in tuberculosis inflows to the destinations, 2.0% increase in outflows from the origins, and 2.2% increase in intraprovincial flows. A 10% increase in the tuberculosis incidence rate was associated with 9.9% increase in tuberculosis intraprovincial flows. In addition, the tuberculosis flow had a significant spatial dependence and positively affected tuberculosis flows in the neighboring regions. Conclusions: Tuberculosis flows had clear spatial stratified heterogeneity and spatial autocorrelation; regional socio-economic characteristics had different and statistically significant effects on
The Quest for Reliable Cyber Security

The sun set on another long day at the headquarters of ReliaQuest where Brian Murphy leaned back in his chair and exhaled deeply as he considered the cyber security breaches that had consumed the media in recent weeks. Retail giants like Target, Lowe’s and Home Depot had fallen victim to serious data breaches. He pondered how his company, ReliaQuest, could make a difference in a world saturated with an invisible army of hackers. Companies had to fend off attacks 100% of the time, but the hackers only had to be successful once.