Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Entropies, capacities and colorings of graphs.

Bibliography 115 ii Bevezetésésáttekintés (Summary in Hungarian) Az egyik legfontosabbés legtöbbet vizsgált gráfelméleti paraméter a kromatikus szám, azon színek minimális száma, melyekkel a gráf csúcsai kiszínezhet˝ okúgy, hogy szomszédos csúcsok színe különböz˝ o legyen. A G gráf χ(G) kromatikus számának egyik legtermészetesebb alsó becslése a gráf ω(G) klikkszáma, a csúcshalmaz legnagyobb olyan részhalmazának elemszáma, amelyben min-den csúcspárössze van kötve. Ez a becslés sokszor nagyon gyenge, egy háromszögmentes gráf kromatikus száma is lehet tetsz˝ olegesen nagy, ezt bizonyítja pl. Mycielski [123] konstrukciója. Azértekezésben fontos szerepet játszik gráfok konormálisnak nevezett szorzata, illetve hatványa, melynek bevezetését egyebek mellett számos információelméleti kérdés mo-tiválja. E m˝ uvelet során a klikkszámés a kromatikus szám ellentétesen viselkedik: el˝ obbi szupermultiplikatív, utóbbi szubmultiplikatív erre a szorzásra nézve, melynek definíciója a következ˝ o. G t a G gráfönmagával vett t-szeres konormális szorzata, amit G t-edik konormális hatványának hívunk. A most definiált hatványozásrá ugyérdemes gondolni, hogy amennyiben G ´ elei a csúcsok valamiféle megkülönböztethet˝ oségét jelentik, akkor a konormális hatványozás ezt a relációt terjeszti ki a csúcsok t hosszú sorozataira: két ilyen sorozat pontosan akkor megkülönböztethet˝ o, ha legalább egy koordinátában az. Nem nehéz belátni, hogy, mint fent említettük, tetsz˝ oleges F ´ es G gráfra fennáll az ω(F · G) ≥ ω(F)ω(G) valamint a χ(F · G) ≤ χ(F)χ(G) egyenl˝ otlenség. A fentib˝ ol következik, hogy a χ * (G) := lim t→∞ t χ(G t) iií es a c(G) := lim t→∞ t ω(G t) határértékek egyaránt léteznek, ´ es rájuk ω(G) ≤ c(G) ≤ χ * (G) ≤ χ(G) teljesül. Az els˝ oként felírt χ * (G) határérték jól ismert mennyiség. A kromatikus szám felírható egy egészérték˝ u programozási feladat megoldásaként. Ennek valós relaxációját megoldva jutunk a frakcionális kromatikus szám fogalmához, mely McEliecé es Posner [120] egy tételéb˝ ol adódóan (ld. Bergé es Simonovits [19] dolgozatát is) megegyezik a fenti χ * (G) határértékkel. A klikkszám is felírható egészérték˝ u programozási feladat megoldásaként, ennek valós relaxációja a frakcionális klikkszám fogalmához vezet, amelynekértéke a lineáris prog-ramozás dualitástétele révén mindig azonos a frakcionális kromatikus szám, tehát χ * (G) ´ ertékével. Várható volna mindezek alapján, hogy c(G) is ezzel a közösértékkel legyen egyenl˝ o. Ez azonban nincsígy. A c(G) mennyiség, pontosabban annak logaritmusa, Shannon [139] információelméleti vizsgálataiban bukkant fel el˝ oször. Definíció. (Shannon [139]) Egy G gráf (logaritmikus) Shannon kapacitása 1 a C(G) = lim 1 t log 2 ω(G t) mennyiség. A logaritmálás oka az információelméleti háttér, a …
Calculating the Threshold Energy of the Pulsed Laser Sintering of Silver and Copper Nanoparticles

In this study, in order to analyze the low-temperature sintering process of silver and copper nanoparticles, we calculate their melting temperatures and surface melting temperatures with respect to particle size. For this calculation, we introduce the concept of mean-squared displacement of the atom proposed by Shi (1994). Using a parameter defined by the vibrational component of melting entropy, we readily obtained the surface and bulk melting temperatures of copper and silver nanoparticles. We also calculated the absorption cross-section of nanoparticles for variation in the wavelength of light. By using the calculated absorption cross-section of the nanoparticles at the melting temperature, we obtained the laser threshold energy for the sintering process with respect to particle size and wavelength of laser. We found that the absorption cross-section of silver nanoparticles has a resonant peak at a wavelength of close to 350 nm, yielding the lowest threshold energy. We calculated the intensity distribution around the nanoparticles using the finite-difference time-domain method and confirmed the resonant excitation of silver nanoparticles near the wavelength of the resonant peak.
A New Algorithm Based on Meta-Heuristics for Data Clustering

Abstract - This paper presents a new algorithm for the clustering of a large amount of data, known as a data clustering problem. In this research we im proved the “Ant Colony Clustering” algorithm that uses an ant’s swarm intelligence, and tried to overcome the weakness of classical cluster analysis methods. In our proposed algorithm, improvements in the efficiency of an agent operation are achieved and, further more, a new function, “cluster condensation,” is added. It is a processing method by which the size of the cluster is reduced by uniting objects considered to be similar and thus incorporating them into the cluster condensation. Compared with classical cluster analysis methods, the number of steps until the completion of clustering is reached was able to be suppressed to 1/100 or less by performing this procedure, and the dispersion of the result was also able to be reduced. Moreover, our clustering algorithm has the advantage of being possible even in a small-field cluster condensation. In addition, the number of objects that exist in the field decreases because the cluster condenses; therefore, it becomes possible to add an object to a space that has become empty. In other words, first, the majority of data is put on standby. They are then clustered, gradually adding a part of the standby data to the clustering data. The method can be adopted for a huge amount of data. Numerical experiments confirmed that our proposed algorithm can theoretically treat an unrestricted volume of data.
Intelligent controlled shunt active power filter for voltage and current harmonic compensation in microgrid system

ABSTRACT An integrated microgrid with a novel shunt active power filter (APF) using Elman neural network (ENN) is proposed in this study. The microgrid consists of a storage system, a photovoltaic (PV) system, the shunt APF, a linear load, and a nonlinear load. Moreover, the master/slave control algorithm is adopted in the microgrid. The storage system, which is considered as the master unit, is adopted to control the active and reactive power outputs (P/Q control) in grid-connected mode and the voltage and frequency of the microgrid (V/f control) in islanded mode. Furthermore, the PV system is considered as the slave unit to implement P/Q control in both grid-connected and islanded modes. In addition, the proposed shunt APF possesses dual functions of voltage and current harmonic compensation for microgrid under voltage harmonic propagation and nonlinear load to reduce the voltage and current total harmonic distortions (THD) effectively. Additionally, an ENN controller is adopted in the proposed shunt APF to improve the transient and steady-state responses of DC-link voltage during the switching between the grid-connected mode and islanded mode. Finally, some simulation results are provided to verify the feasibility and the effectiveness of the integrated microgrid with the intelligent controlled shunt APF.
Group Decision Making under Multiplicative Hesitant Fuzzy Environment

The multiplicative hesitant fuzzy information proposed by Xia (2012) uses the non-uniform scale to express the preference of the decision makers which has a broad application background. The key difference between multiplicative hesitant fuzzy information and hesitant fuzzy information is the former uses unsymmetrical scale in expressing the preferences about two alternatives but the latter uses the symmetrical scale. In this paper, I investigate the aggregation operators for multiplicative hesitant fuzzy information. I consider the problem of multi-criteria group decision making with the preferences expressed as multiplicative hesitant fuzzy information. I pay attention to the practical application of the proposed group decision making method for solving the talent introduction problems.
Initial layer associated with Boussinesq systems for thermosolutal convection

This article concerns the behavior of the initial layer appearing at large Prandtl number in Boussinesq equations with the ill initial data. By using the asymptotic expansion methods of singular perturbation theory, we establish an approximate solution and the rate of convergence as the Prandtl number tends to infinity.Our results improve the existing ones concerning thermosolutal convection.
The Swan Song of a Neutron Star Binary: Fundamental physics and astrophysics with gravitational waves from compact binary coalescence

Gravitational waves are surviving witnesses of the most violent events in the history of the Universe. By detecting signals from coalescing black hole and neutron star binaries we can obtain invaluable information on the properties of gravity and matter in the most extreme conditions: where matter is more dense than an atomic nucleus, spacetime is strongly curved, and its geometry evolves dynamically within fractions of a second. The recent direct detections of gravitational waves by the LIGO-Virgo Collaboration heralded the dawn of a new era of gravitational wave physics. We have now unlocked a great new sense to the exploration of the Universe, we can feel the fabric of spacetime itself vibrating, and the purpose of this doctoral work has been to study ways in which we, as physicists, can make useful sense of this unprecedented kind of information that will keep streaming through the output of our detectors. Two main themes can be distinguished in this dissertation, both related to the physics output of gravitational wave detections from coalescing compact binaries: i) testing the dynamics of general relativity in its strong, fully relativistic regime and ii) inferring the neutron star equation of state by analyzing signals from neutron star binaries. Follwing a general introduction to gravitational wave physics and data analysis, we present the formulation, and tests of methods for performing the aforementioned analyses on real data from current and future gravitational wave detectors.
Shared Lifestyle-Related Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer: Evidence for Joint Prevention

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer are leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide and are the major focus of the World Health Organization's joint prevention programs. While, diverse diseases, CVD and cancer, have many similarities. These include common lifestyle-related risk factors and shared environmental, metabolic, cellular, inflammatory, and genetic pathways. In this review, we will discuss the shared lifestyle-related and environmental risk factors central to both diseases and how the strategies commonly used to prevent atherosclerotic vascular disease can be applied to cancer prevention.
Boundary layers associated with the 3-D Boussinesq system for Rayleigh–Bénard convection

We investigate the boundary layer effects of the 3-D incompressible Boussinesq system for Rayleigh–Bénard convection with vanishing diffusivity limit. By adopting the multi-scale analysis and the asymptotic expansion methods of singular perturbation theory, we construct an exact approximating solution for the viscous and diffusive Boussinesq system with well-prepared initial data. In addition, we obtain the convergence result of the vanishing diffusivity limit.
Delta Operator-Based Model Predictive Control With Fault Compensation for Steer-by-Wire Systems

In a Steer-by-Wire (SbW) system, the mechanical linkages which connect the steering wheel to front wheels are replaced by a digitally controlled steering system. In spite of improved vehicle safety due to better steering capability, the SbW system actuator failure may lead to unwanted steering performance or even instability. A fault tolerant model predictive control (MPC) with fault compensation for SbW systems based on delta operator for actuator faults is proposed. It deploys an observer to estimate both the fault information and the faulty SbW system states. At each sampling time, the MPC immediately compensates for the fault. The gains of the observer and the fault tolerant MPC controller are obtained by solving a linear matrix inequality derived from the Lyapunov theory. The simulation results illustrate that the proposed fault tolerant control strategy can counter the various types of actuator faults and maintain superior steering performance to shift operator-based MPC controller.
QSPR Analysis of Certain Graph Theocratical Matrices and Their Corresponding Energy

Abstract In QSAR/QSPR study, topological indices are utilized to guess the bioactivity of chemical compounds. In this paper, we study the QSPR analysis of certain graph theocratical matrices and their corresponding energy. Our study reveals some important results which helps to characterize the useful topological indices based on their predicting power.
Demystifying Schadenfreude: How disposition theorizing explains responses to social media stories of unvaccinated COVID-19 deaths

Herman Cain Awards are presented on reddit.com/r/hermancainaward to individuals who share COVID-19 misinformation on social media (SM) and subsequently die from the disease. We apply affective disposition theory’s moral judgment predictions regarding message and audience factors and Schadenfreude theorizing to explain reactions to similar SM posts. In an experiment with a large census-matched sample, participants viewed a series of SM posts similar to those on featured on reddit.com/r/hermancainaward. We manipulated two message factors: whether the poster was dogmatic or uncertain in their anti–COVID-19-vaccination stance and whether they expressed regret before they died. Dogmatic posting resulted in perceptions of the poster as more immoral and deserving of worse health outcomes, but regret mitigated these effects. Notably, political party and vaccination status, two audience factors, moderated these processes. Our findings demonstrate that SM posting is a morally relevant behavior and that narrative moral judgment theories seem capable of explaining reader’s responses.
About the destruction of objects in computer games: A Real-Time Fracture Method based on Weighted Centroidal Voronoi Diagrams

This thesis deals with improving an existing method that simulates the destruction of objects inside a game environment. The existing method combines physical- and geometry-based methods. The improved method uses a physically based method to calculated internal energy after an impact and uses the energy as a weight function to fracture the object. The splitting of the object follows a Weighted Centroidal Voronoi Tessellation. A tetrahedral geometry is generated for the physically based calculations and from that a graph structure is built. The weights calculated are located to the edges of the graph. The Voronoi cells are generated using a path finding algorithm on the weighted graph. The advantage of this approach is that the Centroidal Voronoi diagrams takes less cycles to minimize than a previous technique used in an article by Schvartzman and Otaduy[SO2014]. However the resulting Voronoi cells are an approximation of the real Voronoi cells. Two methods have been developed to split the object after the Voronoi cells are generated. The result of the improved method is a fast destruction method using impact location, direction and force to split the object into pieces. The material properties of the objects are limited to linear elastic, brittle behaviour.
Transition from stress-driven to thermally activated stress relaxation in metallic glasses

The short-range ordered but long-range disordered structure of metallic glasses yields strong structural and dynamic heterogeneities. Stress relaxation is a technique to trace the evolution of stress in response to a fixed strain, which reflects the dynamic features phenomenologically described by the Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts (KWW) equation. The KWW equation describes a broad distribution of relaxation times with a small number of empirical parameters, but it does not arise from a particular physically motivated mechanistic picture. Here we report an anomalous two-stage stress relaxation behavior in a Cu46Zr46Al8 metallic glass over a wide temperature range and generalize the findings in other compositions. Thermodynamic analysis identifies two categories of processes: a fast stress-driven event with large activation volume and a slow thermally activated event with small activation volume, which synthetically dominates the stress relaxation dynamics. Discrete analyses rationalize the transition mechanism induced by stress and explain the anomalous variation of the KWW characteristic time with temperature. Atomistic simulations reveal that the stress-driven event involves virtually instantaneous short-range atomic rearrangement, while the thermally activated event is the percolation of the fast event accommodated by the long-range atomic diffusion. The insights may clarify the underlying physical mechanisms behind the phenomenological description and shed light on correlating the hierarchical dynamics and structural heterogeneity of amorphous solids.
ARE AFRICA’S POOREST CHILDREN ON COURSE TO AVOID BEING LEFT BEHIND IN POVERTY BY 2030?

This paper examines the performance of key factors influencing the prospect of Africa’s poorest children avoiding being left behind in poverty by 2030 as required by the United Nation’s Agenda for Sustainable Development, a set of sustainable development goals (SDGs) declared in 2015. At that time, sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) was facing both rising debt and deterioration of the fiscal space required to provide resources. Quantitative methods employing descriptive analysis on secondary data are used in this study to compare the trend of child poverty, as represented by under-5 mortality rates (U5MR), both over time and between country clusters. U5MR was chosen because it is an indicator of the well-being of a nation’s children. Countries were “clustered” into quartiles based on their average U5MR between 2000 and 2018. The results indicate marked disparities in U5MR across SSA. No strong association was found between economic growth and U5MR, but good governance, as demonstrated by progress towards achieving the SDGs, correlates with decreases in both U5MR and the incidence of childhood stunting. In the first U5MR quartile, the SDG index score is over 50% in all child poverty indicators under consideration, whereas in the fourth quartile it is below 50%. SSA as a whole performed well in child poverty indicators from 2000 to 2015; however, consideration of the period from 2015 to 2018 suggests that much remains to be done to lift every child out of poverty. Within and across countries, critical areas for immediate attention include: improving sanitation and access to clean water and lowering the prevalence of anaemia and stunting; increasing the rates of exclusive breastfeeding, birth registration, and pre-primary enrolment; and reducing youth unemployment and socioeconomic disparities. Cash transfers to low-income families may help address the added economic insecurity due to COVID‑19 that has left more children vulnerable to child marriage and child labour.
On the exponential function tail

In this note we show that for every positive there exists an interval [T,+∞) in which every term xn/n! of the exponential series expansion bounds from below the scaled exponential function ex. This, in particular, implies that the sequence of functions {e−xxn/n! } converges uniformly to the function zero everywhere.
FUNDAMENTAL PROPERTIES, ACTIVITY, AND PLANET-HOSTING POTENTIAL OF YOUNG SUNS NEAR EARTH

In this dissertation, we conduct a census and assessment of the nearest young Sun-like stars and investigate the potential for finding giant planets orbiting spotted stars using the radial velocity (RV) method at optical and near-infrared wavelengths. Based in part on new spectroscopic measurements conducted here, we have assembled a complete list of 129 young (<150 Myr), nearby Sun-like stars and their fundamental parameters, including rotational and multiplicity information. We also provide a statistical analysis of their stellar parameters, including projected rotational velocity and inclination. Sixteen of these stars have no close companions and have low projected rotational velocities (v sin i 10 km/s) that are ideal for precision RV planet searches. Seven of these rotate nearly edge-on and are ideal targets for upcoming transiting planet searches, assuming low obliquity. We conduct precision RV planet search of 7 young Sun-like stars using the TRES spectrograph, mounted on the 1.5-m Tillinghast Reflector at the Fred L. Whipple Observatory, and with the SOPHIE spectrograph, mounted on the 1.93-m Telescope at the Observatoire de Haute Provence; we achieve a precision of ⇠10 m/s for both. Four stars are identified as having larger RV variations that are periodic, possibly caused by an orbiting companion. However, the RV variations are correlated with asymmetries in the spectral absorption features, which instead suggests that the variations are caused by spots. Nevertheless our observations provide new independent measures of the rotation periods of these stars. Through this analysis we tentatively confirm the planetary companion around BD+2
Wavefront reconstruction based on quadrant binary phase plate with single far field

Phase retrieval is a simple and concise way of reconstructing wavefront, especially the method based on single far field formed by just a lens. However, for the symmetry of Zernike polynomial aberrations, light with different wavefront could form the same far-field intensity distribution. The distribution of reconstructed wavefront is likely to be quite different from the real one. In other words, it suffers in the multi-solution problem. A kind of wavefront reconstruction method based on quadrant binary phase plate is proposed. Incident light is modulated by a first-order Modified-Walshfunction pattern quadrant binary phase mask, which violates the special symmetries. Simulation experiments show that this method can retrieval random wavefront distributions accurately. It provides a practical technical solution for precise wavefront sensing with single far field image.
Spectrum and energy levels of six-times ionized yttrium (Y VII)

The spectrum of six-times ionized yttrium, Y VII, was photographed with a sliding-spark discharge on 10.7 m normal- and grazing-incidence spectrographs. The region of observation was 157–824 Å. The observations extend the known configurations 4s24p3, 4s4p4, 4p5, 4s24p25s, 4s24p26s to the nearly complete 4s24p24d configuration. Our results for 4s24p24d significantly revise results of Rahimullah et al (1978 Phys. Scr. 18 96); Ateqad et al (1984 J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Phys. 17 4617). A total of 168 lines and 56 energy levels are now known for this ion. The observed configurations were interpreted with Hartree–Fock calculations and least-squares fits of the energy parameters to the observed levels. Transition probabilities for all classified lines were calculated with the fitted parameters.
Rectification Projective d'Images Stéréo non Calibrées Infrarouges avec prise en compte globale de la minimisation des distorsions

l'article expose une approche symetrique globale pour estimer les homographies de la rectification projective a partir d'images infrarouges non calibrees et de la geometrie epipolaire. Cette etape est importante dans le cadre de la stereoscopie par correlation car elle permet de se ramener a une geometrie epipolaire simple, dans laquelle les droites epipolaires sont paralleles aux lignes des images. Le processus de calcul des homographies est base sur l'optimisation d'un critere non lineaire prenant en compte la geometrie epipolaire ; ce processus est realise sous des contraintes qui reduisent dans le meme temps les distorsions des images. Le critere d'optimisation et l'espace de contraintes choisis nous assurent une meilleure precision et moins de deformations projectives que les methodes couramment utilisees dans la litterature.