Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pediatric Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: Rare Malignancies with Incredible Variability

Simple Summary Neuroendocrine neoplasms are increasing in incidence at a remarkable rate meaning more providers are encountering them in both adult and pediatric patients. This classification of neoplasm encompasses a wide range of different malignancies with a variety of symptoms at presentation and each treated differently. Additionally, over the past few years there has been a change in classification of these neoplasms and a variety of changes and advances in how they are treated. Given this and their rarity in pediatric patients, healthcare providers may not be familiar with these changes. Our goal with this review was to provide an overview of all the most commonly encountered forms of neuroendocrine neoplasms in pediatric patients with up to date recommendations so any healthcare provider can quickly and accurately acclimate themselves. Abstract Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) encompass a variety of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) which can arise anywhere in the body. While relatively rare in the pediatric population, the incidence of NENs has increased in the past few decades. These neoplasms can be devastating if not diagnosed and treated early, however, symptoms are variable and can be indolent for many years. There is a reported median of 10 years from the appearance of the first symptoms to time of diagnosis. Considering some of these neoplasms have a mortality rate as high as 90%, it is crucial healthcare providers are aware of NENs and remain vigilant. With better provider education and easily accessible resources for information about these neoplasms, awareness can be improved leading to earlier disease recognition and diagnosis. This manuscript aims to provide an overview of both the most common NENs as well as the rarer NENs with high lethality in the pediatric population. This review provides up to date evidence and recommendations, encompassing recent changes in classification and advances in treatment modalities, including recently completed and ongoing clinical trials.
In situ deposition of Ag/Zn-MOFs on the surface of non-woven fabrics for effective antibacterial activity

Metal-organic frameworks nanocomposites emerged as a novel functional material that has been reported to combine with metal nanoparticles for enhancing antibacterial activity through synergy. Herein, Ag nanoparticles and zinc-metal-organic frameworks nanocomposites are successfully in-situ synthesized on the surface of non-woven fabrics carrier via solution-immerse-growth method. The obtained product (ZA/NWF) shows superior utilization of visible light than the sample that prepared without Ag nanoparticles. Moreover, the generated reactive oxygen species by ZA/NWF is also more abundant, which indicates the effective visible light utilization of the as-obtained material. ZA/NWF shows considerable bactericidal effect against Escherichia coli with a nearly 100% bactericidal rate under visible light illumination, which is significantly higher than that of Zn2+ (70.3%) and 2-methylimidazole (71.8%). A proposed antibacterial mechanism suggests that hydroxyl radical (·OH) and superoxide radicals (·O2-) generated during the antibacterial process are conducive to the inhibition of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Additionally, ZA/NWF shows comparable sterilization efficiency of over 95% after the sixth antibacterial assay. Overall, a facile and convenient antibacterial material integrated structure and property is presented in this work and the composite with competitive photocatalytic antibacterial activity can be potentially applied in the large-scale antibacterial study.
Hubble Space Telescope Observations of He 2-10: Outflows and Young Super-Star Clusters

We use Hubble Space Telescope (HST) WFPC2 optical images and GHRS ultraviolet spectroscopy to examine the recent star formation history and properties of the Wolf-Rayet galaxy He 2-10. The high spatial resolution afforded by HST has allowed the identification of a number of starburst knots, or "super–star clusters" (SSCs). The spatial morphology newly revealed by these HST images exhibits a prominent dust lane between the starburst regions known as A and B and a spur of material to the northwest of the nuclear region. Broadband photometry of the SSCs confirms that these objects have ages as young as a few Myr and masses up to 105 M☉. Narrowband Hα photometry of the SSCs indicates large equivalent widths for nearly half of them, consistent with ages less than 10 Myr. Since an appreciable fraction of SSCs are this young, the star formation history necessarily must be strongly peaked and not continuous. GHRS UV spectra were obtained for sections of the two starburst regions and were used to determine the parameters of the starburst regions. For a stellar population produced in a single burst with stellar masses between 1 and 100 M☉, the UV luminosities indicate regions A and B have masses between 1.6–2.6 × 106 M☉ and 2.6–6.6 × 104 M☉, respectively. The total starburst mass was between 1 and 100 M☉ consistent with the UV luminosity ranges between 1.6 and 2.6 × 106 M☉ and 2.6 and 6.6 × 104 M☉ for regions A and B, respectively. The observed integrated Hα flux is similar to that predicted by the models, implying that the leakage and/or dust absorption of Lyman continuum photons from the starburst regions is small. The integrated Hα equivalent widths of the two regions are substantially smaller than predicted. We attribute this to contamination by the continuum in the starburst regions (the starburst knots do not uniformly fill the GHRS apertures). The UV spectroscopy of starburst region A indicates a large-scale outflow of the interstellar medium of He 2-10 with speeds of at least 360 km s-1 and a total mass of at least 106 M☉. We estimate that the mass in metals which He 2-10 will expel is enough to raise primordial abundances in ≈1 Mpc3 to 10-3 to 10-2 solar.
Comparative Study Between Early versus Late Intraperitoneal Administration of Either Bupivacaine/Tramadol or Bupivacaine/Dexmedetomidine for Perioperative Analgesia in Abdominal Laparoscopic Cancer Surgeries: A Prospective Randomized Study

Objective Several modalities for analgesia after laparoscopic procedures have been used. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of early versus late bupivacaine/tramadol combination and bupivacaine/dexmedetomidine combination in analgesia for laparoscopic cancer surgeries. Methods A total of 100 patients of both genders scheduled for elective laparoscopic cancer surgeries were included. Patients were randomly assigned to one of four groups each comprises 25 patients. Group 1: early bupivacaine/tramadol, Group 2: late bupivacaine/tramadol, Group 3: early bupivacaine/dexmedetomidine, and Group 4: late bupivacaine/dexmedetomidine. Early groups received the intraperitoneal instillation before start of surgery and late groups received the instillation after completion of surgery. Perioperative heart rate (HR) and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) were recorded. The degree of postoperative pain was measured at rest and with cough using Visual analogue scale (VAS) score at 2, 4, 6, 12, 18 and 24 h after surgery. In addition, the total intraoperative fentanyl and postoperative morphine doses were calculated. Results Both late bupivacaine/tramadol, bupivacaine/dexmedetomidine groups had longer time to receive first analgesic requirement (13.4±3.9, 11.3±3.9 h) respectively as compared to early bupivacaine/tramadol, bupivacaine/dexmedetomidine groups (9.8± 3.6, 8.4± 2.8 h), respectively. Between each early and late group, intraoperative fentanyl consumption was higher for the late groups (75± 22.8, 73± 21.55µg) versus (32.7± 10.9, 37.5± 13.3 µg), respectively. As regards to rescue analgesic requirements, both early bupivacaine/tramadol and bupivacaine/dexmedetomidine groups consumed more analgesics (5.2± 2.0 and 6.1± 1.8 mg) as compared to the late groups (3.2± 0.8 and 4.3± 1.5 mg), respectively. The four groups were comparable for their perioperative HR and MAP values. Conclusion Intraperitoneal instillation of bupivacaine/tramadol and bupivacaine/dexmedetomidine could be considered an effective route for analgesic administration during laparoscopic cancer surgeries. Early instillation reduced the intraoperative opioid consumption and late instillation resulted in reduced postoperative opioid consumption. Clinical Trial Registration https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04813016.
Bluetooth Low Energy-based Indoor Localization using Artificial Intelligence

Bluetooth is one of the several technologies to cater to indoor localization. It has the lowest power consumption and good accuracy performance. In the world of IoT, data from sensors and software help in giving meaning to physical objects connected to the internet. This paper uses data gathered using Bluetooth Low-Energy sensors in predicting an agent's location in an indoor environment. We propose a Bluetooth-based model that is divided into two parts: a Convolutional Neural Network(CNN) that trains on data transformed into images and ideas from Game Theory that uses the Markov Decision Process(MDP) to determine the exact location of the agent. The data to image transformation uses the Image Generator for Tabular Data (IGTD) algorithm, which considers the Euclidean distances between the access points in creating the images. The results show that the CNN trains well on transformed images and offers a solid approach to determining every beacon used for Bluetooth-based indoor localization. After a beacon is found, MDP finds the optimal policy to locate the access point under which the agent lies.
Assessment of Patient-Centered Outcomes When Treating Palatally Impacted Canines Using Conventional Versus Accelerated Minimally Invasive Corticotomy-Assisted Orthodontic Treatment: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Objective This study aimed to investigate whether there were any differences in pain levels, discomfort, and functional impairments when treating palatally impacted canines (PICs) using the conventional treatment method compared to the accelerated minimally invasive corticotomy-assisted method. Materials and methods Fifty-two patients (11 males and 41 females) with unilateral PICs were included. The patients were randomly assigned to the conventional traction group (26 patients, mean age of 20.37 ± 2.15 years) or the minimally-invasive corticotomy-assisted group (26 patients, mean age of 20.18 ± 2.18 years). The levels of pain, discomfort, and functional difficulties were assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS) after 24 hours (T1), four days (T2), seven days (T3), 14 days (T4), and 28 days (T5) following the surgical exposure procedure. Results There were no statistically significant differences between the two treatment groups for any patient-centered outcome at all assessment times (P>0.01). The levels of pain and discomfort were slightly greater in the conventional group than in the corticotomy-assisted group on the first day after surgical exposure, with no significant difference between the two groups (mean pain: 4.11, P=0.481; mean discomfort: 9.00, P=0.223). Pain and discomfort required seven days to reach low levels and four weeks to reach the lowest levels in both study groups. The levels of swelling, mastication difficulties, swallowing difficulties, limitation in jaw movements and speech changes were mild to moderate on the first postoperative day and the recovery time was four days postoperatively for swallowing difficulties and speech changes. In comparison, the recovery time was seven days for the other three outcomes in both study groups. Conclusions After one day of the surgical intervention, either by conventional or corticotomy-assisted methods, the patients reported mild to moderate pain, discomfort, and functional impairments. These disabilities gradually reached low levels during the first and second weeks to reach their lowest levels four weeks postoperatively in both study groups. The similarity between the conventional and the acceleration methods in pain levels and other oral disabilities may make corticotomy-assisted treatment a comfortable and effective method when treating adult patients with PICs. In addition, patient satisfaction with the corticotomy-assisted procedure was high.
Chromosomal Heteromorphisms and Cancer Susceptibility Revisited

Chromosomal heteromorphisms (CHs) are a part of genetic variation in man. The past literature largely posited whether CHs could be correlated with the development of malignancies. While this possibility seemed closed by end of the 1990s, recent data have raised the question again on the potential influences of repetitive DNA elements, the main components of CHs, in cancer susceptibility. Such new evidence for a potential role of CHs in cancer can be found in the following observations: (i) amplification and/or epigenetic alterations of CHs are routinely reported in tumors; (ii) the expression of CH-derived RNA in embryonal and other cells under stress, including cancer cells; (iii) the expression of parts of CH-DNA as long noncoding RNAs; plus (iv) theories that suggest a possible application of the “two-hit model” for euchromatic copy number variants (CNVs). Herein, these points are discussed in detail, which leads to the conclusion that CHs are by far not given sufficient consideration in routine cytogenetic analysis, e.g., leukemias and lymphomas, and need more attention in future research settings including solid tumors. This heightened focus may only be achieved by approaches other than standard sequencing or chromosomal microarrays, as these techniques are at a minimum impaired in their ability to detect, if not blind to, (highly) repetitive DNA sequences.
On the generation and structure of the quadrupole magnetic field in the reconnection process: Comparative simulation study

We investigate magnetic reconnection dynamics using three simulation codes to isolate ion kinetic effects from Hall effects: a full hybrid code, a Hall MHD code, and a new Hall‐less hybrid code. The structure of the quadrupole magnetic field (also known as the core field or out‐of‐plane field) is used as the physical quantity for this comparison because it is a good proxy of fast magnetic reconnection. Examination of the core field time evolution equations for the Hall‐less hybrid and Hall MHD models reveal inherent differences between these models. In particular, it demonstrates that core fields can be generated in the kinetic regime even in the absence of the Hall term. We attribute this result to ion kinetic effects, e.g., ion diamagnetic drifts driven by an anisotropic ion stress tensor. This result is borne out by our simulations. Additionally, kinetic ion dynamics leads to core fields with widths that can extend to several ion inertial lengths in the vicinity of X‐line and tens of ion inertial lengths further away. In contrast, in Hall MHD, the typical case is about an ion inertial length in the vicinity of the X‐line and a few ion inertial lengths further away. These results pose challenges for improving fluid models of reconnection.
Detection of Theileria orientalis Genotypes from Cattle in Kyrgyzstan

The ikeda and chitose genotypes of Theileria orientalis, which for many years were thought to be benign, cause a disease that results in significant economic losses in the cattle industry. This study was carried out in order to determine the genotypes of T. orientalis in cattle in Kyrgyzstan, and 149 archived DNA samples known to be T. orientalis were analyzed by the PCR amplification of the major piroplasm surface protein (MPSP) gene region. Single-Strand Conformation Polymorphism (SSCP) analysis was performed to uncover the nucleotide changes in the archived DNA samples, and 15 samples showing different band profiles were subjected to sequence analysis. As a result of the sequence analysis, it was seen that the samples belonged to the buffeli and chitose A genotypes. In order to identify mixed genotypes, PCR was performed using primers specific for these genotypes, and buffeli (type 3), chitose (type 1) and buffeli+chitose were found to be positive in 26.2%, 2% and 71.8% of samples, respectively. As a result of this study, we showed the presence of buffeli (type 3) and chitose (type 1) genotypes of T. orientalis in cattle in Kyrgyzstan. Comprehensive epidemiological studies are needed to understand the clinical infections caused by the pathogenic chitose A and to determine the geographical distribution and different genotypes of T. orientalis.
Uses of Artificial Intelligence in Psychology

Machine learning has a new landscape for humanity in the area of artificial intelligence (AI). Artificial intelligence (AI) approaches have recently been developed to support mental health professionals, primarily psychiatrists, psychologists, and clinicians, with decision-making based on patients' historical data (e.g., clinical history, behavioral data, social media use, etc.). This article reviews developments in artificial intelligence (AI) technologies and their current and potential applications in clinical psychological practice. Issues associated with AI in the context of clinical practice, the potential risk for job loss among mental health professionals, and other ramifications associated with the advancement of AI technology are discussed. The advancement of AI technologies and their application in psychological practice have important implications that can be expected to transform the mental health care field. Psychologists and other mental health care professionals have an essential part to play in the development, evaluation, and ethical use of AI technologies.
The impact of different diets and genders on fecal microbiota in Hanwoo cattle

Abstract Bovine fecal microbiota is important for host health and its composition can be affected by various factors, such as diet, age, species, breed, regions, and environments. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of diet and gender on fecal microbiota in Korean native Hanwoo cattle. The 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing of fecal microbiota was conducted from 44 Hanwoo cattle divided into four groups: (1) 11 heifers fed an oat hay plus total mixed ration (TMR) diet for breeding (HOTB), (2) 11 heifers fed an early fattening TMR diet (HEFT), (3) 11 steers fed the early fattening TMR diet (SEFT), and (4) 11 steers fed the late fattening TMR diet (SLFT). Firmicutes and Bacteroidota were the first and second most dominant phyla in all the samples, respectively. The Firmicutes/Bacteroidota (F/B) ratio associated with feed efficiency was significantly greater in the SLFT group than in the other groups. At the genus level, Romboutsia, Paeniclostridium, and Turicibacterwere the most abundant in the SLFT while Akkermansia, Bacteroides, and Monoglobus were the most abundant in the HOTB group. Although the same early fattening TMR diet was fed to Hanwoo heifers and steers, Marvinbryantia and Coprococcus were the most abundant in the HEFT group while Alistipes and Ruminococcus were the most abundant in the SEFT group. Shannon and Simpson diversity indices were significantly lower in the SLFT group than in the other groups. Distribution of fecal microbiota and functional genetic profiles were significantly different among the four treatment groups. The present study demonstrates that different diets and genders can affect fecal microbiota and the F/B ratio may be associated with feed efficiency in Hanwoo cattle. Our results may help develop strategies to improve gut health and productivity through manipulation of fecal microbiota using the appropriate diet considering Hanwoo cattle gender.
Effect of nanometric grain size on room temperature magnetoimpedance, magnetoresistance, and magnetic properties of La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 nanoparticles

In this paper we have investigated the effect of nanometric grain size modulation on the behavior of magnetoimpedance (MI), magnetoresistance, and magnetic properties of a series of single-phase nanocrystalline colossal magnetoresistance La0.7Sr0. 3MnO3 (LSMO) manganites all synthesized through chemical route “pyrophoric reaction process. ” MI measurements were carried out at room temperature (T=300K) in the ac signal frequency (f) range of 40kHz-110MHz and in dc magnetic field (H) range of −2.5kOe<H<+2.5kOe, respectively. The experimental results show that MI% increases with the increase in nanometric grain size (ϕ) for this series of samples. This behavior can be explained in the light of classical electrodynamics, which relates this effect with the dependency of skin depth on external magnetic field and applied ac signal frequency. Interestingly, MI of about 92% was obtained for the 28nm LSMO sample at a frequency (f) of 10MHz and at H=2.5kOe. The same sample also showed a maximum MI sensitivity of about.
Lurrikarei buruzko informazioa eskuratzen Twitter bidez

In this work, we introduce an event extraction approach that extracts complex event templates from microblogs, using distant supervision. These near real-time data source texts are short, ambiguous and contain dirty syntax; but we can find lots of information. We evaluate our contribution on the domain of earthquakes, with events with up to 20 arguments. The dataset containing the knowledge base and relevant tweets is publicly available, both in English.
Erratum: Glassy Chimeras could be blind to quantum speedup: Designing better benchmarks for quantum annealing machines (Phys. Rev. X 4, 021008 (2014))

In Phys. Rev. X 4, 021008 (2014), Katzgraber et al. stud-ied Ising spins on the Chimera topology [1] of the D-WaveTwo quantum annealing machine both in the spin-glass (SG),as well as the ferromagnetic (FM) sector. For the simula-tions in the FM sector, the following critical parameters basedon simulations of systems of up to N = 3200spins werecomputed: β
Cognitive Benefits of Physical Exercise, Physical–Cognitive Training, and Technology-Based Intervention in Obese Individuals with and without Postmenopausal Condition: A Narrative Review

Obesity and estrogen deprivation have been identified as significant risk factors for cognitive impairment. Thus, postmenopausal conditions when paired with obesity may amplify the risks of developing dementia. Physical exercise has been recommended as a primary treatment for preventing obesity-related comorbidities and alleviating menopausal symptoms. This narrative review aimed to summarize the effects of exercise on cognition in obese individuals with and without menopausal condition, along with potential physiological mechanisms linking these interventions to cognitive improvement. Research evidence has demonstrated that exercise benefits not only physical but also cognitive and brain health. Among various types of exercise, recent studies have suggested that combined physical–cognitive exercise may exert larger gains in cognitive benefits than physical or cognitive exercise alone. Despite the scarcity of studies investigating the effects of physical and combined physical–cognitive exercise in obese individuals, especially those with menopausal condition, existing evidence has shown promising findings. Applying these exercises through technology-based interventions may be a viable approach to increase accessibility and adherence to the intervention. More evidence from randomized clinical trials with large samples and rigorous methodology is required. Further, investigations of biochemical and physiological outcomes along with behavioral changes will provide insight into underlying mechanisms linking these interventions to cognitive improvement.