Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Water deprivation-induced hypoxia and oxidative stress physiology responses in respiratory organs of the Indian stinging fish in near coastal zones

Background Water deprivation-induced hypoxia stress (WDIHS) has been extensively investigated in numerous fish species due to their adaptation with accessory respiratory organs to respire air but this has not been studied in Indian stinging fish Heteropneustes fossilis. Data regarding WDIHS-induced metabolism in accessory respiratory organ (ARO) and gills and its relationship with oxidative stress (OS) in respiratory organs of air-breathing fish H. fossilis, are limited. So, this study aimed to investigate the effects of WDIHS (0, 3, 6, 12, and 18 h) on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as reactive oxygen species (ROS), OS, redox regulatory enzymes, and electron transport enzymes (ETC) in ARO and gills of H. fossilis. Methods Fish were exposed to air for different hours (up to 18 h) against an appropriate control, and ARO and gills were sampled. The levels of oxygen saturation in the body of the fish were assessed at various intervals during exposure to air. Protein carbonylation (PC) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were used as OS markers, H2O2 as ROS marker, and various enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), along with the assessment of complex enzymes (I, II, III, and V) as well as the levels of ascorbic acid (AA) and the reduced glutathione (GSH) were quantified in both the tissues. Results Discriminant function analyses indicate a clear separation of the variables as a function of the studied parameters. The gills exhibited higher levels of GSH and H2O2 compared to ARO, while ARO showed elevated levels of PC, TBARS, AA, SOD, CAT, and GPx activities compared to the gills. The activities of GR and ETC enzymes exhibited similar levels in both the respiratory organs, namely the gills, and ARO. These organs experienced OS due to increased H2O2, TBARS, and PC levels, as observed during WDIHS. Under WDIHS conditions, the activity/level of CAT, GPx, GR, and GSH decreased in ARO, while SOD activity, along with GR, GSH, and AA levels decreased in gills. However, the activity/level of SOD and AA in ARO and CAT in gills was elevated under WDIHS. Complex II exhibited a positive correlation with WDIHS, while the other ETC enzymes (complex I, III, and V) activities had negative correlations with the WDIHS. Discussion The finding suggests that ARO is more susceptible to OS than gills under WDIHS. Despite both organs employ distinct redox regulatory systems to counteract this stress, their effectiveness is hampered by the inadequacy of small redox regulatory molecules and the compromised activity of the ETC, impeding their ability to effectively alleviate the stress induced by the water-deprivation condition.
300-mm Monolithic Silicon Photonics Foundry Technology

A competitive 300-mm silicon photonics foundry technology has been developed by GLOBALFOUNDRIES for general availability, which takes advantage of advanced CMOS process technology and provides a manufacturing scale. A state-of-the-art process design kit offers a codesign environment with access to a comprehensive photonics device library along with a monolithically integrated SOI CMOS device library. Advances in automated wafer-level optical test enable statistical photonic device characterization for development, photonic modeling, and manufacturing controls. The key challenges and solutions in developing a manufacturable photonic technology with state-of-the-art performance are described, as well as a roadmap for next generation high-performance monolithic silicon photonics are outlined.
Broadband marine controlled-source electromagnetic for subsalt and around salt exploration

AbstractSalt basins, mainly Tertiary basins with mobilized salt, are notoriously difficult places to explore because of the traditionally poor seismic images typically obtained around and below salt bodies. In areas where the salt structures are extremely complex, the seismic signal-to-noise ratio may still be limited and, therefore, complicate the estimation of the velocity field variations that could be used to migrate the seismic data correctly and recover a good image suitable for prospect generation. We have evaluated the results of an integrated seismic-electromagnetic (EM) two-step interpretation workflow that we applied to a broadband marine controlled-source EM (mCSEM) research survey acquired over a selected ultra-deepwater area of Espirito Santo Basin, Brazil. The presence of shallow allochthonous salt structures makes around salt and subsalt seismic depth imaging remarkably challenging. To illustrate the proposed workflow, we have concentrated on a subdomain of the mCSEM data set, in which a s.
Cavolinia gibbosa group (holoplanktonic Opisthobranchia, Euthecosomata): systematics and problems of synonymy (comment on Arie W. Janssen, 2012)

EnglishThe complex problems focusing on the synonymy of the Cavolinia gibbosa group have caused some systematic confusions which are corrected in this text. This group includes four taxa confirmed to the species rank by Rampal (2002). Cavolinia plana (Meisenheimer, 1905) which is relatively flat (H/L = 0.45-0.57) and has 5 longitudinal dorsal ribs, inhabits the Indo-Western Pacific area. C. flava (d'Orbigny, 1834) which is fairly high (H/L = 0.54-0.62) and has 7 clearly visible dorsal ribs, mainly inhabits the Atlantic Ocean and some pre-isthmatic paleo-indicators are observed in the North-Eastern Pacific. C. gibbosa (d'Orbigny, 1834) which is very high (H/L=0.67- 0.73) has 7 dorsal ribs including 2 latero-median ribs, which are currently incomplete. C. gibbosa inhabits the Eastern Atlantic and the South-Western Indian Ocean. C. gibboides Rampal, 2002 which is the smallest and highest species in this group (H/L=0.70-0.76) has 7 dorsal ribs and is to be found in the Eastern Mediterranean, where it is an endemic species. Our cladistic and molecular analysis support raising Cavolinia gibbosa and C plana to a species level; for C. flava and C. gibboides the lack of resolution do not permit conclusion (Corse et al., 2014). Future studies are still at the planning stage. italiano[Il gruppo di Cavolinia gibbosa (Opisthobranchia oloplanctonici, Euthecosomata): sistematica e problemi di sinonimia (commenti su Arie W. Janssen, 2012)]. Questo lavoro cerca di fare chiarezza sulla complessa sinonimia e confusione sistematica nell'ambito del gruppo di Cavolinia gibbosa. Questo gruppo comprende quattro taxa, tutti di valore specifico (Rampal, 2002). Cavolinia plana (Meisenheimer, 1905), che ha conchiglia relativamente piatta (H/L = 0,45-0,57), con 5 costole dorsali, vive in un area compresa fra l'Oceano Indiano ed il Pacifico Occidentale. C. flava (d'Orbigny, 1834), che ha conchiglia piuttosto alta (H/L = 0,54- 0,62), con 7 costole dorsali ben distinte, vive prevalentemente nell'Oceano Atlantico ma si conoscono popolazioni nel Pacifico nord-orientale, la cui origine risale a prima della formazione dell'istmo di Panama. C. gibbosa (d'Orbigny, 1834), che ha conchiglia molto alta (H/L=0,67-0,73) con 7 costole dorsali comprese 2 latero-mediane poco sviluppate, e distribuita nell'Atlantico orientale e nell'Oceano Indiano sudoccidentale. C. gibboides Rampal, 2002, che e la specie piu piccola fra le quattro e quella con conchiglia piu alta (H/L=0,70-0,76) con 7 costole dorsali, e endemica del Mediterraneo orientale. Analisi cladistiche e molecolari (Corse et al., 2014) supportano la separazione a livello specifico di Cavolinia gibbosa e C. plana, mentre per C. flava e C. gibboides non e ancora possibile giungere a delle conclusioni, per cui ulteriori indagini sono in programmazione.
The interplay between extrinsic and intrinsic controls in determining floodplain wetland characteristics in the South African drylands

Controls on the characteristics of floodplain wetlands in drylands are diverse and may include extrinsic factors such as tectonic activity, lithology and climate, and intrinsic thresholds of channel change. Correct analysis of the interplay between these controls is important for assessing possible channel–floodplain responses to changing environmental conditions. Using analysis of aerial imagery, geological maps and field data, this paper investigates floodplain wetland characteristics in the Tshwane and Pienaars catchments, northern South Africa, and combines the findings with previous research to develop a new conceptual model highlighting the influence of variations in aridity on flow, sediment transport, and channel–floodplain morphology. The Tshwane–Pienaars floodplain wetlands have formed in response to a complex interplay between climatic, lithological, and intrinsic controls. In this semi‐arid setting, net aggradation (alluvium >7 m thick) in the wetlands is promoted by marked downstream declines in discharge and stream power that are related to transmission losses and declining downstream gradients. Consideration of the Tshwane–Pienaars wetlands in their broader catchment and regional context highlights the key influence of climate, and demonstrates how floodplain wetland characteristics vary along a subhumid to semi‐arid climatic gradient. Increasing aridity tends to be associated with a reduction in the ability of rivers to maintain through‐going channels and an increase in the propensity for channel breakdown and floodout formation. Understanding the interplay between climate, hydrology and geomorphology may help to anticipate and manage pathways of floodplain wetland development under future drier, more variable climates, both in South African and other drylands. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Role of Positive Feedback in Formative Assessment: A Comparative Study of Its Impact on Student Engagement in British Secondary Schools

This paper explores the impact of positive feedback on student engagement in British secondary schools over the period 2010-2020. Employing a comparative research design, the study analyzes the correlation between the frequency of positive feedback and academic performance in selected school. Results reveal a robust positive correlation, with Schools A and C demonstrating particularly strong associations. The paper delves into the implications for educational practices, advocating for the integration of positive feedback strategies. Strategies for optimization, including professional development, fostering positive school culture, and individualized tailoring, are discussed. The study concludes by highlighting avenues for future research and emphasizing the transformative potential of positive feedback in shaping a positive learning environment.
Prediction of mental well-being and general health based on body image mediating self-compassion in female athletes

Aim: The purpose of this research was to predict mental well-being and general health based on body image with the mediation of self-compassion in female athletes in Tehran. Methods: This was a descriptive correlational study that was conducted using the structural equation method. Also, in terms of the purpose, this study was practical. The statistical population of this research was all female athletes who referred to sports clubs in Tehran city. 250 people were selected by the convenience sampling method. The participants used a link to Keyes et al.'s mental well-being questionnaire (2003), Goldberg's general health questionnaire (1979), Neff et al.'s self-compassion questionnaire (2003), and body image questionnaire (Brun et al., 1990). Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, Spearman's correlation, and path analysis using SPSS and PLS software. Results: The results showed that body image has a direct effect on general health (β=-0.22; P=0.004), and self-compassion (β=-0.21; P=0.010). Also, self-compassion has a direct effect on mental well-being (β=0.32; P<0.001). The indirect effect of body image on mental well-being was confirmed through the mediation of self-compassion (β=0.07; P=0.035). Conclusion: According to the results, it can be concluded that strategies that increase self-compassion can provide a better picture of body image and increase the mental well-being of female athletes.
Statistical Inference of Marshall-Olkin Extended Exponential Statistical Inference of Marshall-Olkin Extended Exponential Distribution Based on Progressively Type-I Censored Data Distribution Based on Progressively Type-I Censored Data

: In this article, we intend to study the progressive Type-I censoring (PT-TC) that has been examined, employing the Marshall-Olkin extended exponential (MOEE) distribution as the fundamental lifetime distribution. The censoring technique is believed to be independent and non-informative. Because maximum likelihood (ML) estimators cannot be derived in closed form, ML estimates (MLEs) are calculated via Newton-Raphson method approaches. In this approach, MLEs and asymptotic conﬁdence intervals for unknown parameters are produced. Under squared error and linear exponential (LINEX) loss functions, the Bayes estimations of unknown parameters with gamma priors are evaluated. Once both parameters are unknown, the Bayes estimators cannot be computed explicitly. Then, the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) technique is employed to construct Bayes estimates using the Metropolis-Hasting (MH) algorithm. The highest posterior density (HPD) credible intervals of the unknown parameter are calculated. Simulation studies are carried out to explore the ﬁnite sample effectiveness of the recommended estimators, as well as data set analyses at various schemes of PT-TC samples.
Impact of the response to platinum-based chemotherapy on the second-line immune checkpoint inhibitor monotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer with PD-L1 expression ≤49%: a multicenter retrospective study

Introduction The efficacy of second-line immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy is limited in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with ≤ 49% PD-L1 expression. Although chemoimmunotherapy is a promising strategy, platinum-based chemotherapy followed by ICI monotherapy is often used to avoid synergistic adverse events. However, predictors of the efficacy of ICI monotherapy after platinum-based chemotherapy in NSCLC with ≤ 49% PD-L1 expression remain scarce. Methods This multicenter retrospective study evaluated 54 advanced or recurrent NSCLC patients with ≤ 49% PD-L1 expression who were treated with second-line ICI monotherapy following disease progression on first-line platinum-based chemotherapy at nine hospitals in Japan. The impact of response to platinum-based chemotherapy on the efficacy of subsequent ICI monotherapy was investigated. Results The response to first-line platinum-based chemotherapy was divided into two groups: the non-progressive disease (PD) group, which included patients who did not experience disease progression after four cycles of chemotherapy, and the PD group, which included patients who showed initial PD or could not maintain disease control during the four cycles of chemotherapy and switched to second-line ICI monotherapy. Among the 54 patients, 32 and 22 were classified into the non-PD and PD groups, respectively. The non-PD group showed better response rates (p = 0.038) and longer overall survival (OS) with ICI monotherapy (p = 0.023) than the PD group. Multivariate analysis identified that maintaining a non-PD status after four cycles of chemotherapy was an independent prognostic factor for ICI monotherapy (p = 0.046). Moreover, patients with a modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (mGPS) of 0 showed a tendency for longer OS with ICI monotherapy (p = 0.079), and there was a significant correlation between maintaining non-PD after four cycles of chemotherapy and an mGPS of 0 (p = 0.045). Conclusion Maintaining a non-PD status after four cycles of platinum-based chemotherapy was a predictor of OS after second-line ICI monotherapy. These findings will help physicians select the most suitable treatment option for NSCLC patients who were treated with platinum-based chemotherapy and switched to second-line treatment. Those who experienced early PD during platinum-based chemotherapy should not be treated with ICI monotherapy in the second-line setting.
Influence of pH on the Morphology and Cell Volume of Microscopic Algae, Widely Distributed in Terrestrial Ecosystems

Terrestrial algae are a group of photosynthetic organisms that can survive in extreme conditions. pH is one of the most important factors influencing the distribution of algae in both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. The impact of different pH levels on the cell volume and other morphological characteristics of authentic and reference strains of Chlorella vulgaris, Bracteacoccus minor, Pseudoccomyxa simplex, Chlorococcum infusionum, and Vischeria magna were studied. Chlorella vulgaris, Pseudoccomyxa simplex, and Vischeria magna were the most resistant species, retaining their morphology in the range of pH 4–11.5 and pH 3.5–11, respectively. The change in pH towards acidic and alkaline levels caused an increase in the volume of Pseudoccomixa simplex and Vischeria magna cells, according to a polynomial regression model. The volume of Chlorella vulgaris cells increased from a low to high pH according to a linear regression model. Changes in pH levels did not have a significant impact on the volume of Bracteacoccus minor and Chlorococcum infusionum cells. Low and high levels of pH caused an increase in oil-containing substances in Vischeria magna and Bracteacoccus minor cells. Our study revealed a high resistance of the studied species to extreme pH levels, which allows for us to recommend these strains for broader use in biotechnology and conservation studies of natural populations.
Yolov4 Algorithm for Target Detection in Existing Intelligent Waste Sorting Systems

The problem of garbage sorting has caused a lot of trouble. Some target detection algorithms are being developed for the current situation of garbage sorting in China. In order to understand the current state of development, we investigate several algorithms suitable for object detection. This paper mainly analyzes three parts of yolov4 network model. In the backbone network, CSPDarkNet53 achieves dimensionality reduction through five convolution kernels, and MobileNetV3 replaces the activation function based on MobileNetV2 and uses MnasNet and Platform-Aware for optimization. Ghostbottleneck is obtained by superposition Ghost module, and then build GhostNet lightweight neural network.The principles of the three attention mechanisms are also explained，SENet using a single-channel convolution kernel，CBAM contains two plates Mc and Ms and CA has a length and width of the two channels. Finally, we explain a data enhancement where four random images are cropped and spliced together.
Exploring Pinduoduo: Unveiling the Dynamics and Innovation in China’s E-commerce Industry

This paper takes an in-depth look at Pinduoduo, a high-profile emerging giant in China’s e-commerce space. It dissects its unique business model and compelling growth story, including social e-commerce, rural e-commerce promotion, and internationalization. An in-depth study of Pinduoduo provides an understanding of the characteristics and success factors of this emerging e-commerce platform. It highlights the dynamics and innovations in China’s e-commerce industry. Its success story has inspired more innovation and competition, positively impacting consumers, businesses and the entire e-commerce ecosystem. In the e-commerce space, different business models and market segments have the opportunity to succeed, creating more possibilities and opportunities for the continued growth and development of the e-commerce industry. Although Pinduoduo still faces challenges in terms of profitability, its active exploration of new profit models and areas, such as value-added services, demonstrates its confidence in continued growth in the future. As such, Pinduoduo’s success and development provide useful experience and inspiration for e-commerce in China and offer a positive outlook for the industry’s future development.
Vascular endothelial cellular mechanics under hyperglycemia and its role in tissue regeneration

Abstract Diabetes is one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide. The tissue regeneration of diabetes patients is known to be rather tricky as the result of vascular dysfunction, and this leads to various clinical complications including diabetic foot ulcers. The vascular endothelial cells, which compactly line the inner surface of blood vessels, are responsible for the growth and maintenance of blood vessels and play an essential role in tissue regeneration. Although the mechanical properties of cells are generally known to be regulated by physiological/pathological conditions, few studies have been performed to investigate vascular endothelial cellular mechanics under hyperglycemia and the biological functions related to tissue regeneration. In this study, we conduct a systematic investigation of this issue. The results suggested that the stiffness of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) can be significantly regulated by the glucose concentration, subsequently, leading to significant alterations in cell migration and proliferation capabilities that are closely related to tissue regeneration. The rearrangement of the cytoskeleton induced by hyperglycemia through Cdc42 was found to be one of the pathways for the alteration of the cell stiffness and the subsequent cell dysfunctions. Therefore, we suggested that the inhibition of Cdc42 might be a promising strategy to facilitate various tissue regeneration for diabetes patients.
Bite Raisers in Orthodontics: A review

Abstract Aim of the study: This study aimed to review the various types of bite raisers used in daily orthodontic practice, their advantages and disadvantages, the fabricated materials, and the biomechanics for each use. Methods: Searching for different types of bite raisers and their applications, indications, and benefits was carried out using different databases, including PubMed Central, Science Direct, Wiley Online Library, the Cochrane Library, Textbooks, Google Scholar, Research Gate, and hand searching till March 2022. After excluding the duplicate articles, information in these papers is summarized and in forms of types, indications, advantages, disadvantages, and effects. Results and Conclusions: There are many types of bite raisers, of which the fixed one is the most applicable as it does not need the patients' cooperation, yet the material of choice and the type of malocclusion in the case itself may influence the location, type of the material used, its thickness and the purpose of its use. Orthodontists use the most uncomplicated technique to open the bite allowing easy teeth movement.
Forecasting default risk of Chinese real estate credit bonds based on Bagging algorithm

In recent years, with Chinese rapid economic upgrading, it has also made the property industry more and more prosperous. However, due to the imbalance between supply and demand in China's real estate industry in recent years has led to an overly rapid rise in property prices, the risk of a real estate market bubble has increased, and many real estate companies have gradually defaulted on their bonds. Against this background, the aim of this paper is to construct a bond default prediction model using the Bagging algorithm in machine learning to predict the default risk of real estate bonds. And the results were also compared with Logistic model and SVM model, eventually it was found that Bagging algorithm can improve the prediction results more effectively. It is possible to identify real estate companies that may default on their bonds in advance, reducing investor losses, strengthening the risk prevention awareness of debt issuers, contributing to the healthy and stable development of real estate.