Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Performance of the modified Becke-Johnson potential

Very recently, in the 2011 version of the Wien2K code, the long standing shortcome of the codes based on Density Functional Theory, namely, its impossibility to account for the experimental band gap value of semiconductors, was overcome. The novelty is the introduction of a new exchange and correlation potential, the modified Becke-Johnson potential (mBJLDA). In this paper, we report our detailed analysis of this recent work. We calculated using this code, the band structure of forty one semiconductors and found an important improvement in the overall agreement with experiment as Tran and Blaha [{\em Phys. Rev. Lett. } 102, 226401 (2009)] did before for a more reduced set of semiconductors. We find, nevertheless, within this enhanced set, that the deviation from the experimental gap value can reach even much more than 20%, in some cases. Furthermore, since there is no exchange and correlation energy term from which the mBJLDA potential can be deduced, a direct optimization procedure to get the lattice parameter in a consistent way is not possible as in the usual theory. These authors suggest that a LDA or a GGA optimization procedure is used previous to a band structure calculation and the resulting lattice parameter introduced into the 2011 code. This choice is important since small percentage differences in the lattice parameter can give rise to quite higher percentage deviations from experiment in the predicted band gap value.
Prospects for India’s Emerging Apple Market

Strong economic growth is projected to lead to continued expansion of Indian apple demand, but the high cost of domestic and imported apples compared with other Indian fruit is likely to limit consumption to higher-income consumers. U.S. apples have accounted for the largest share of Indian imports, but face increasing competition from high-quality and low-cost Chinese apples. Although India has a high (50-percent) tariff on imported apples, internal marketing margins—or returns to traders over and above measured costs—account for a significantly larger share of consumer apple prices than do import prices, tariffs, or marketing costs. As a result, increased investment and competition in the domestic supply chain is likely to be particularly effective in boosting apple demand and imports. Domestic growers appear not to have been damaged by the entry of relatively high-priced and high-quality imports, nor have they exploited the opportunity to boost earnings by improving quality to compete with imported apples.
Compact object formation and the supernova explosion engine

When a massive star ends its life, its core collapses, forming a neutron star or black hole and producing some of the most energetic explosions in the universe. Core-collapse supernovae and long-duration gamma-ray bursts are the violent signatures of compact remnant formation. As such, both fields are intertwined and, coupled with theory, observations of transients can help us better understand compact remnants just as neutron star and black hole observations can constrain the supernova and gamma-ray burst engine. We review these ties in this paper.
Polarizational stopping power of heavy-ion diclusters in two-dimensional electron liquids

The in-plane polarizational stopping power of heavy-ion diclusters in a two-dimensional strongly coupled electron liquid is studied. Analytical expressions for the stopping power of both fast and slow projectiles are derived. To go beyond the random-phase approximation we make use of the inverse dielectric function obtained by means of the method of moments and some recent analytical expressions for the static local-field correction factor.
NEWTON'S EQUATION ON THE κ-SPACETIME AND THE KEPLER PROBLEM

We study the modification of Newton's second law, upto first order in the deformation parameter a, in the κ-spacetime. We derive the deformed Hamiltonian, expressed in terms of the commutative phase space variables, describing the particle moving in a central potential in the κ-spacetime. Using this, we find the modified equations of motion and show that there is an additional force along the radial direction. Using Pioneer anomaly data, we set a bound for a. We also analyze the violation of equivalence principle predicted by the modified Newton's equation, valid up to first order in a and use this also to set an upper bound on a.
A novel map of human p53 response elements uncovers evidence of selection pressures and variants similar to Li-Fraumeni Syndrome mutations

The advent of functional genomic techniques and next generation sequencing has improved the characterization of the non-protein coding regions of the genome. However, the integration of these data into clinical practice is still in its infancy. Fifty percent of cancers mutate TP53, which promotes tumorigenesis, in part, by inhibiting its ability to bind to non-coding regions of the genome and function as a sequence-specific transcription factor. P53 is a tumour suppressor that inhibits cell survival through regulating transcription of anti-survival genes. However, p53 also regulates transcription of pro-survival genes and the target gene(s) responsible for p53 tumour suppression remains an open topic of research. In this study, we integrate detailed genome-wide maps of p53 responsive elements (p53-RE), p53 occupancy, recently defined candidate cis-Regulatory Elements (cCREs) and whole genome sequencing for cancers to better define the regions of the genome that harbour functional p53 enhancers. We determine that p53-REs are more likely to be closer to the consensus binding site, to be evolutionarily conserved and to be occupied by p53 in cellulo, when they reside in regions of the genome that have been noted to have accessible DNA and a regulatory epigenomic mark in at least one human cell even without obvious p53 activation signals (cCRE p53-REs). We offer evidence that it is only in cCRE p53-REs, where multiple signs of differential natural selection between pro-survival and anti-survival target genes can be noted. Using whole genome sequences of 38,377 individuals, we go on to demonstrate that carriers of rare germline mutations in cCRE p53-REs can have similar traits to carriers of rare p53 coding mutations that cause the Li-Fraumeni cancer predisposition syndrome. Together, these observations suggest that functional p53 enhancers are enriched in cCREs and that germline mutations in them have the potential to improve current cancer risk management and screening strategies.
A 10-bit 100-MS/s SAR ADC With Always-On Reference Ripple Cancellation

This work presents an always-on reference ripple cancellation technique that actively cancels the reference settling error throughout the entire SAR conversion process. Unlike the conventional designs that require high-speed reference buffers or large on-chip decoupling capacitors to minimize the error, it incorporates an extra path to actively cancel the error, which can provide considerable reference ripple tolerance, thus significantly relaxing the reference settling requirement. To verify the proposed technique, a prototype 10-bit 100-MS/s SAR ADC is fabricated in a 40-nm CMOS process. Equipped with the proposed technique, it only requires a 0.5-pF decoupling capacitor and an on-chip low-power reference buffer consuming 0.26-mW static power. The proposed technique improves the signal-to-noise and distortion ratio (SNDR) by 8 dB and reduces the worst case integrated non-linearity (INL) and differential non-linearity (DNL) by 15 times. Overall, the prototype ADC achieves an SNDR of 56.3 dB at Nyquist rate while consuming 1.4 mW, including on-chip reference buffers.
Unsupervised Myocontrol of a Virtual Hand Based on a Coadaptive Abstract Motor Mapping

Applications of simultaneous and proportional control for upper-limb prostheses typically rely on supervised machine learning to map muscle activations to prosthesis movements. This scheme often poses problems for individuals with limb differences, as they may not be able to reliably reproduce the training activations required to construct a natural motor mapping. We propose an unsupervised myocontrol paradigm that eliminates the need for labeled data by mapping the most salient muscle synergies in arbitrary order to a number of predefined prosthesis actions. The paradigm is coadaptive, in the sense that while the user learns to control the system via interaction, the system continually refines the identification of the user’s muscular synergies. Our evaluation consisted of eight subjects without limb-loss performing target achievement control tasks of four actions of the hand and wrist. The subjects achieved comparable performance using the proposed unsupervised myocontrol paradigm and a supervised benchmark method, despite reporting increased mental load with the former.
How Ankle Exoskeleton Assistance Affects the Mechanics of Incline Walking and Stair Ascent in Cerebral Palsy

Graded terrains, like slopes and stairs, are particularly challenging for people with neurological disorders like cerebral palsy (CP) due to increased selective muscle control and muscle strength requirements. Lower-limb exoskeletons may be able to assist individuals with CP when navigating graded terrains. This study sought to determine the effects of untethered ankle exoskeleton assistance on lower-limb joint angles, moments, and muscle activity during up-incline walking and up-stair stepping in CP (n=7). We hypothesized that powered assistance would result in improved ankle mechanics (i.e., increased total ankle moments) across both terrains. During incline walking, we found that peak ankle dorsiflexion angle increased by $7^{\mathrm{o}}$(p=0.006) during walking with ankle assistance compared to walking without the device (Shod). Compared to without the device, the peak total ankle plantarflexor moment increased by 8% (p=0.022) while peak biological ankle plantarflexor moment decreased by 17% (p< 0.001). Incline walking with ankle assistance reduced stance phase muscle activity of the soleus (20%, p=0.010) and vastus lateralis (18%, p=0.004), and swing phase tibialis activity (19%, p=0.028) compared to Shod. During stair ascent with the device, the peak total ankle plantarflexor moment increased by 17% (p=0.011) and the peak knee extensor moment increased by 40% (p=0.018) compared to Shod. These findings provide insight into the biomechanical benefits of ankle exoskeleton assistance during incline and stair walking. This work aims to advance the use of robotic assistive technology to improve mobility for people with CP.
Recent progress in the research of X-ray pulsars

Significant progress has been achieved in the last few years in X-ray pulsar research, including both the “rotation-powered” X-ray pulsars and the “accretion-powered” X-ray pulsars. In this paper I will review some recent topics, such as detection of X-ray emission and pulsations from known radio pulsars, magnetar interpretation of soft gamma repeaters (SGRs) and anomalous X-ray pulsars (AXPs), discovery of millisecond pulsation in a low mass X-ray binary (LMXB) system, a rush of pulsar discoveries in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC), the doubling of the number of accreting X-ray pulsars, and a soft-excess feature that is seen commonly in the spectra of all sub-classes of accreting X-ray pulsars.
Scalp-Targeted Haptic Proprioception for Upper-Limb Prosthetics

In this paper, a head-worn wearable haptic feedback device (WHFD) is developed to communicate sensory information from an upper-limb prosthesis. A 14-week, 6-stage, between-subjects study was created to investigate the learning trajectory as participants were stimulated with haptic patterns conveying joint proprioception. Healthy participants were divided into three groups, with each group using a different haptic stimulation methods. 18 participants completed the study within 7-14 weekly sessions, demonstrating that participants were, in fact, learning to interpret the haptic information. Participants in the spatiotemporal stimulation group had some advantages in interpreting the haptic information over the others; however, each stimulation method has advantages that can be exploited and hybridized for future models of the WHFD. Overall, the proposed WHFD is an effective non-invasive device that can promote greater sensory awareness for wearers of prostheses.
Omnidirectional Circularly Polarized Antenna Array with Planar Configuration

A compact omnidirectional circularly polarized (OCP) linear antenna array with a planar configuration is presented in this communication. By using the cavity model, a shorted half mode patch antenna is analyzed, where the TM modes are taken into consideration. The periodical reversal of the structure at the null point of the higher-order mode produces an equivalent long magnetic source array (LMSA) at the open aperture based on the duality principle. Meanwhile, rectangular plates are periodically introduced at the junction of two adjacent cells on the upper or lower surfaces, on which lateral current is generated along the same direction that realizes an equivalent long electric source array (LESA). As a result, two naturally parallel arrays, which are, the LMSA and the LESA, are obtained and integrated into a compact format. With the equal magnitude and an inherent 90° phase difference, the two array sources could generate an OCP radiation. Furthermore, a matching network is utilized to expand the impedance bandwidth. Ultimately, a planar 1 × 5 OCP antenna array is fabricated and tested to verify the design. A -10 dB impedance bandwidth of 8.1 % (5.35 - 5.8 GHz) and a peak LHCP gain of 4.6 dBic are achieved. Good OCP radiation patterns are obtained across the operation band.
Propagation of the initial value perturbation in a cylindrical lined duct carrying a gas flow

For the homogeneous Euler equation linearized around a non-slipping mean flow and boundary conditions corresponding to the mass-spring-damper impedance, smooth initial data perturbations with compact support are considered. The propagation of this type of initial data perturbations in a straight cylindrical lined duct is investigated. Such kind of investigations is missing in the existing literature. The mathematical tools are the Fourier transform with respect to the axial spatial variable and the Laplace transform with respect to the time variable. The functional framework and sufficient conditions are researched that the so problem be well-posed in the sense of Hadamard and the Briggs-Bers stability criteria can be applied.
Temporal Stack Speckle and Target Filtering for Environmental Applications

SAR images are affected by speckle noise and the presence of ephemeral targets. We propose a method to filter both from individual images in a temporal stack through the use of a modified Frozen Background Reference (FBR) algorithm. We tested this on a 30-image stack of Sentinel-1 data over a region with different environments and a fair appearing on a few images.
A Multi-Task Deep Learning Model for Population and LULC (M2PL-NET) Prediction with Scaling to a People Flow Grid

This study attempts to create a comprehensive understanding of a regional population's residence and movements at high spatio-temporal resolution. Most approaches to estimating people flow focus purely on mobile GPS data, but this represents a relatively small and imbalanced user distribution across geographical regions. Hence, this paper proposes a new approach to address these issues by combining a multi-task deep learning satellite imagery technique with user GPS trajectories to predict dynamic population. Static population results demonstrate that the multi-task deep learning model performs reasonably well on the unseen data with Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 3.15. Night-time predicted population was most highly correlated to observed static population, depicting the efficacy of the people flow grid.
Design of 94GHz series-fed microstrip antenna array

A 8×8 microstrip antenna array for W-band application is presented in this paper. The Taylor distribution is employed as the excitation amplitude coefficients of each patch, which can allow the antenna array to achieve lower sidelobe level (SLL). A 1 to 8 substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) power divider is proposed to feed the 8×8 radiation patches. The radiation elements and the SIW feed network are on the same layer. The antenna array shows good performance at W-band with the center frequency 94GHz. At 94GHz, S11 of the power divider is less than -20dB and S21~S91 are greater than -10.5dB. The simulation results show that the antenna array has a peak gain of 22dB at 94GHz.
Universal features of phonon transport in nanowires with correlated surface roughness

The ultralow thermal conductivity $\kappa$ observed experimentally in intentionally roughened silicon nanowires (SiNWs) is reproduced in phonon Monte Carlo simulations with exponentially correlated real-space rough surfaces similar to measurement [J. Lim, K. Hippalgaonkar, S. C. Andrews, A. Majumdar, and P. Yang, Nano Lett. 12, 2475 (2012)]. Universal features of thermal transport are revealed by presenting $\kappa$ as a function of the normalized geometric mean free path $\bar\lambda$ ($0<\bar\lambda<1$); the diffusive (Casimir) limit corresponds to $\bar\lambda=1/2$. $\kappa$ vs $\bar\lambda$ is exponential at low-to-moderate roughness (high $\bar\lambda$), where internal scattering randomly interrupts phonon bouncing across the SiNW, and linear at high roughness (low $\bar\lambda$), where multiple scattering events at the same surface results in ultralow, amorphous-limit thermal conductivity.
Location Intelligence in Amalgamation of Floating Solar PV & Electric Vehicle

With the ever-growing demand of Electric Vehicles (EV), the demand of the EV charging stations (EVCS) and energy is also increasing. The reason for switching to EV is to reduce CO2 emission, put a check on pollution and open doors for sustainable development. While most of the EV Charging stations are sourcing energy from Grids (i.e. coal burning) they cannot be considered Environment friendly. Use of Solar panel & Wind turbine produced energy comes with its own challenges like availability of land & Transmission of electricity. Thus, the paper aims to rectify the energy crisis by suggesting an alternate clean energy system i.e. Floating Solar photovoltaic (FSPV) to power Electric Vehicles (EV) considering various location challenges and transmission challenges. A neoteric hybrid model is suggested by making use of SAR, spatial (GIS) data, potential of Floating PV cells, to setup new locations of EV charging stations sourcing clean electricity from FSPVs or for transmission of the energy to existing EVCS.
Measurement of Vibration Occurring at Multiple Frequencies Using Target-Less Photogrammetry and Phase-Based Motion Magnification

For the vibration measurement of a structure, contact-type sensors such as gap sensors are used, however, these sensors can add mass-loading to lightweight structures which can result in negative performance. Furthermore, vibrations in a structure caused by multiple factors need to be detected separately to recognize these factors one by one. To solve these problems, in this study, we introduced a target-less photogrammetric vibration measurement technique that measures the vibration by using subpixel-based edge detection and tracking method. Moreover, this technique separates the vibrations occurring in a structure caused by multiple factors by utilizing the phase-based motion magnification technique together with subpixel-based vibration measurement method applied to a video of vibrating structure. The results generated by the proposed method can be used to identify multiple deformations in a structure.
Super-Resolution ISAR Imaging by Sequential Sparse Recovery

Inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging needs a long coherent processing interval (CPI) to obtain high cross-range resolution. However, the Doppler frequency is time-varying for a maneuvering target, which will produce blurred ISAR image in a long CPI. In this article, we focus on super-resolution ISAR imaging during an adaptive short CPI by using sequential sparse recovery. To enhance the performance of SSL0, a regularized SSLO (Re-SSLO) and an entropy-based stopping rule are presented. Besides, KT-based MTRC compensation, SVD-based dictionary whitening and rotation correlation-based cross-range scaling are introduced into the processing scheme. The superiority of the proposed method is validated by the experimental results based on simulated data.
Joint Resource Allocation on Slot, Space and Power towards Concurrent Transmissions in UAV Ad Hoc Networks

With innovative applications of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) ad hoc networks in various areas, their demands on broad bandwidth, large capacity and low latency become prominent. The combination of millimeter wave, directional antenna and time division multiple access techniques, which enables concurrent transmissions, is promising to deal with it. In this paper, we study the resource allocation problem in UAV ad hoc networks. Specifically, the slot assignment, antenna boresight and transmit power are jointly optimized to promote the network capacity. First, we formulate the optimization problem as the maximization of the fairness-weighted network capacity, subject to the constraint on priority guarantee. Then, because the formulated problem is a mixed integer non-linear programming problem (MINLP), which is NP-hard, two algorithms called dual-based iterative search algorithm (DISA) and sequential exhausted allocation algorithm (SEAA) are respectively proposed to efficiently solve it with acceptable complexity. DISA slacks the MINLP into a continuous-variable optimization problem and solves it with the Lagrangian dual method in an iterative manner. As a heuristic method, SEAA schedules links sequentially, i.e., from high-priority to low-priority ones. Numerical results demonstrate that both DISA and SEAA can efficiently allocate resources for UAVs, while guaranteeing the fairness and priority of links.
Amplitude-Phase Deconvolution Method for Real Aperture Radar Super-Resolution Imaging

The real aperture radar (RAR) system can present full-view observation capability, but the coarse azimuth resolution restricts its application. Therefore, various super-resolution deconvolution methods are widely used in the real aperture super-resolution imaging field. But conventional deconvolution approaches only rely on amplitude information of antenna pattern profile, it will behave worse when forward-looking imaging with high speed or squint imaging. This paper analyzes the influence of phase and constructs a corresponding amplitude-phase model to resolve this problem. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed amplitude-phase convolution model for forward-looking imaging with high speed or squint imaging is verified by simulations.