Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficient deeply etched InP/InGaAsP phase shifters with low dark current

We present fabrication and measurement results of deeply etched InP/InGaAsP waveguide phase shifters. The switching voltages (V π) of a 2 mm long phase shifter are 4.2 V for TE polarization and 5.2 V for TM polarization. The transmission loss of the 2 µ m wide deeply etched phase shifters is about 7 dB/cm for both polarizations. The phase shifters showed very low dark current, on average less than 350 nA at -15 V for the waveguides with less than 2 µm width. At higher voltages the dark current of the deeply etched phase shifters is even lower than that of shallowly etched shifters fabrated from the same wafer.
Mounting of high power laser diodes on boron nitride heat sinks using an optimized Au/Sn metallurgy

High power diode lasers become more and more important to industrial and medical applications. In contrast to low power applications long cavity lasers of laser bars are used in this field and mounting influences considerably laser performance and life time. In this paper we focus on the solder metallurgy and stress-induced laser behavior after mounting. The laser chips have been fluxless bonded epi-side down on translucent cubic boron nitride (T-cBN) using Au/Sn solder. The laser behavior has been tested with different chip metallizations preserving the eutectic solder composition or forming the Au rich /spl zeta/-phase during reflow. The resulting additional stress in the lasing region has been independently indicated by polarization measurements of the emitted light. A metallization scheme has been developed which forms the highly melting /spl zeta/-phase during soldering within a wide process window. This procedure yields better results then using eutectic Au/Sn which has a higher hardness than the /spl zeta/-phase. Laser diodes up to a cavity length of 2000 /spl mu/m and a aperture of 200 /spl mu/m have successfully been mounted on T-cBN. State of the art laser data, excellent thermal stability, high yield and reliability have been obtained.
Meta-analysis to evaluate the impact of the reduction of dietary crude protein on the gut health of post-weaning pigs

Abstract Weaning transition is often associated with the occurrence of the post-weaning diarrhoea syndrome (PWDS). The reduction of dietary crude protein (CP) has been intensively used as a strategy for controlling PWDS. The aim of the present meta-analysis was to report the effect of the reduction of dietary CP on the intestinal parameters related to the gut health, growth and diarrhoea of post-weaning piglets. A literature review of the articles published from 2006 to 2019 produced 48 articles and, of these 26 were selected. Parameters (bacterial metabolites, pH, microbiota diversity, intestinal morphology, inflammation markers, growth, faecal score) were extracted, expressed as a percentage of the control diet and analysed using a general linear model which included the study, reduction in points of dietary CP, and the ratio of digestible Lysine and dietary CP (dLys/CP) as factors. The reduction of dietary CP decreased ammonia (p < .0001), pH (p = .039), total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) (p = .027), biogenic amines including cadaverine (p = .034) and putrescine (p = .030) and the expression of TLR4 (p < .0001) in the intestine and also reduced the faecal score (p = .002). The dLys/CP ratio increased the level of Lactobacilli and the expression of TLR4 (p < .05), and tended to increase acetic acid (p < .1). Crypt depth, villus height, microbiota diversity and growth remained unchanged. In conclusion, this study confirmed that a reduction of dietary CP could reduce bacterial protein fermentation and the production of potentially toxic metabolites. In turn, this could result in lower intestinal inflammation and a decreased risk of diarrhoea in weaning piglets. Highlights Reducing the dietary crude protein can decrease the fermentation of undigested dietary protein, especially in the large intestine. Lowering undigested dietary protein results in a reduction of the intestinal pH and potentially toxic metabolites, including ammonia and amines. Diets with lower crude protein reduce inflammation of the intestinal mucosa and the post-weaning diarrhoea of piglets without compromising performance. Graphical Abstract
FOC and DTC: two viable schemes for induction motors torque control

Field-oriented control and direct torque control are becoming the industrial standards for induction motors torque control. This paper is aimed at giving a contribution for a detailed comparison between the two control techniques, emphasizing advantages and disadvantages. The performance of the two control schemes is evaluated in terms of torque and current ripple, and transient response to step variations of the torque command. The analysis has been carried out on the basis of the results obtained by numerical simulations, where secondary effects introduced by hardware implementation are not present.
Microwave moisture measurement of grains

Two independent, two-parameter techniques developed for online, in situ measurement of the bulk moisture content of grains using microwaves, are described. The first is noncontacting 4.9-GHz system configured so that a well-collimated TEM (transverse electromagnetic) beam is transmitted through a layer of grain, e.g., moving on a conveyer or flowing in a chute. The changes in attenuation and phase serve as two independent measurement parameters from which the wet and dry basis weights (g/cm/sup 2/) and moisture can be found using a linear model, independent of the layer thickness. If the layer thickness is also known, the wet and dry densities (g/cm/sup 3/) and complex dielectric constant can also be found. The second technique uses a contacting resonator sensor which can be conformably mounted or used as a portable probe. In this case the two independent measured parameters are the resonant frequency and the input mismatch (coupling) factor. Using an analytical model of the sensor, the complex dielectric constant of the grain is determined and then used to find the grain moisture content and density. <<ETX>>
“My baby should feel no wronged!”: Digital fandoms and emotional capitalism in China

As the digitalization of fandom and the fandomization of digital platforms have both been discussed recently, this study intends to analyze how the logic of digital fandom was formalized in fans’ everyday media practices. Specifically, the study examines the new trends of digital fandoms in China from the perspective of emotional capitalism. Based on long-termed participated observation and semi-structural interviews, the study argues that the emotional engagement of digital fan practice was legitimated by the incarnation of virtual fan objects, the datafication of emotional labor, and the re-imagination of multi-social relationships.
Miniaturized Wideband Metasurface Antennas Using Cross-Layer Capacitive Loading

One kind of cross-layer capacitive-loaded metasurface (MS) structure is proposed and applied to realize miniaturized wideband MS antennas. The proposed MS structure is constructed by loading a thin substrate with several stacked patches above conventional MS structure, where the cross-layer stacked patches are located upon the gaps between the original MS units. Therefore, additional capacitances can be introduced accordingly, and then help decrease the resonance frequency effectively. Based on above strategies, when the resonance frequency remains unchanged, the proposed MS structure with smaller aperture size can provide equivalent capacitive reactance and inductive reactance with conventional MS structure. In this way, the miniaturization can be realized while the wideband feature is still remained. By optimizing the loading structure, symmetrical and asymmetrical MS structures are designed accordingly and different-level miniaturizations are realized, where the element sizes can be respectively miniaturized to 0.067 <italic>λ</italic><sub>0</sub> × 0.067 <italic>λ</italic><sub>0</sub> and 0.059 <italic>λ</italic><sub>0</sub> × 0.059 <italic>λ</italic><sub>0</sub>. For demonstration, onw asymmetrical capacitive-loaded MS structure is used to realize a compact wideband MS antenna, where large impedance bandwidth (∼44.4%) and compact size (∼0.41 <italic>λ</italic><sub>0</sub> × 0.41 <italic>λ</italic><sub>0</sub>) are obtained. This design method may provide a feasible solution to realize compact wideband MS antennas for broadband wireless communication systems.
Gold Conductor Pastes for High Density Circuit

High grade quality in fine-line printability, non-porosity of fired film and adhesion to substrate is required for gold conductor pastes applicable to multilayer or high density circuit. Many kinds of gold pastes were made by the changing of types and contents of main components such as gold powder, glass frit and organic vehicle. The important properties of the fired samples of the above pastes on alumina substrate and fired dielectric pastes were compared.
Discussion: Widening engineering horizons: addressing the complexity of sustainable development

The following discussion is from an Institution of Civil Engineers (ICE) prestige lecture based on the original paper and delivered by the authors at the ICE in London on 24 September 2008.1 The event was chaired by Engineering Sustainability editorial panel chair, Professor Chris Rogers from Birmingham University. It was attended by an audience of 130 people as well as being watched by a similar number over a live web-cast. The web-cast can be accessed from the ICE archive for online viewing at http://scenta.interwise. com/etechb/OnDemand/TH6509.
Adaptability of the Finnish Workplace Development Model and Methods in Hungary and Romania – ADAPTYKES Project

This paper presents the ADAPTYKES project which analyses the adaptability of the Finnish workplace development model and methods in Hungary and Romania in order to strengthen workplace development and innovativeness of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Hungary and Romania. The target is to develop long-term and short-term trainings for the local SMEs but it is also to develop training, coaching and facilitating competences of teachers at the Budapest Business School (BBS) and Babes-Bolyai University (BBU). The paper focuses on the first two phases of the project: investigation and the analysis of the similarities and differences between work organizations and training of Hungarian and Romanian future leader trainers. As a result of the first phase, the paper describes the SME sectors and innovativeness of SMEs in the participating countries; it summarises the main results from a questionnaire survey in the SME sector in Hungary and Romania to find out the development needs and the competence shortages of the companies. Second, the paper describes experiences from international teacher training carried out as a part of the ADAPTYKES project.
Document Management in Construction: Practices and Opinions

AbstractPrevious surveys on document management (DM) have focused on certain aspects such as the adoption of electronic methods by construction firms and the important features of electronic document management systems. This study presents the results of a survey of practitioners on various aspects of DM, including document storage, classification, search, and transmittal. The survey aims to identify practices that are implemented in large firms in the industry and the opinions of practitioners regarding such practices. Statistical models were used to map the relations between DM practices, characteristics of firms, and opinions of practitioners. The results indicate elaborate interactions between the different components, in which traditional and advanced methods are used simultaneously. The metadata approach for organizing documents is dominant; however, the use of text content is also common, especially for document search and retrieval. The results are considered to be a snapshot to benchmark the deve.
Sensitivity degradation in polarization diversity receivers for lightwave systems

The effect of weighting circuit unidealities on the sensitivity degradation of diversity receivers is examined for synchronous and nonsynchronous detectors. A novel model is developed in which the weighting ratio for each polarization diversity receiver branch can be calculated using practical values. For synchronous detectors, it is shown analytically that the sensitivity degradation is relatively independent of the weighting ratio deviation from the optimum value. The same is also true for nonsynchronous detectors. Results of experiments on a 600 Mb/s single-filter frequency-shift keying (FSK) lightwave system, a 400 Mb/s continuous-phase FSK (CPFSK) lightwave system, and an amplitude-shift keying (ASK) synchronous detection network simulated with a 600 Mb/s baseband system generally support the theoretical results. >
Design and Testing of a Thin-Flexure Bistable Mechanism Suitable for Stamping From Metal Sheets

We present a new technique for fabricating compliant mechanisms from stamped metal sheets. The concept works by providing thinned segments to allow rotation of flexural beams 90 deg about their long axis, effectively providing a flexure as wide as the sheet's thickness. The method is demonstrated with the design and fabrication of a metal bistable mechanism for use as a threshold accelerometer. A new model based on elliptic integral solutions is presented for bistable mechanisms incorporating long, thin flexures. The resulting metal bistable mechanisms are tested for acceleration threshold sensing using a drop test and a vibration test. The mechanisms demonstrate very little variation due to stress relaxation or temperature effects. The force-displacement behavior of a mechanism is also measured. The mechanisms' switching force is less than the designed value because of out-of plane motion and dynamic effects.
IPMC-assisted miniature disposable infusion pumps with embedded computer control

For military applications, the availability of safe, disposable, and robust infusion pumps for intravenous fluid and drug delivery would provide a significant improvement in combat healthcare. To meet these needs, we have developed a miniature infusion prototype pump for safe and accurate fluid and drug delivery that is programmable, lightweight, and disposable. In this paper we present techniques regarding inter-digitated IPMCs and a scaleable IPMC that exhibits significantly improved force performance over the conventional IPMCs. The results of this project will be a low cost accurate infusion device that can be scaled from a disposable small volume liquid drug delivery patch to disposable large volume fluid resuscitation infusion pumps for trauma victims in both the government and private sectors of the health industry.
Diet energy levels and temperature affect the size of the fat milk globule in dairy goats

ABSTRACT The study aimed to verify the effect of diet and environmental temperature on traits of milk fat globules (MFG) of goats. The experiment was conducted in climatic chambers, where we housed 12 Alpine goats with a mean age of 4.02±1.78 years, live weight of 41.8±4.59 kg, and average milk production of 2.16±0.59 kg. The animals were subjected to two different controlled temperatures, T1 = 26 ℃ (thermoneutral) and T2 = 34 ℃ (stress), and diets with different energy levels (low, medium, and high). A milk sample of each animal was collected at 6.00 h, coinciding with milking. The effect of temperature and diet was verified on MFG. The highest MFG was observed at 26 ℃ and medium energy diet. The MFG reached lower values with the diet of medium energy and high temperature (34 ℃). On average, 35% of MFG is smaller than 2 μm, 50% is medium in size (2-5 μm), and 15% is large (>5 μm), with a maximum size of 9.57 μm. The higher prevalence of medium-sized MFG is indicative of excellent milk digestibility. The increase in dietary energy levels promoted both the fat and diameter of fat globules. The higher fat and the larger globules would positively affect the cheese-making aptitude and make it suitable for production of hard cheeses. The increase in dietary energy levels for goats promotes an increase in the diameter of fat globules and milk fat (%), essential traits to the cheese industry.
Impact of Construction Project Managers’ Emotional Intelligence on Project Success

Numerous authors are persistent in investigating the competency profile of the ideal construction project manager in order to decrease the failure rate of construction projects. There is evidence for the change in construction project management, from traditional practices to practices more focused on people and working relationships. The literature demonstrates a positive correlation between project manager’s Emotional intelligence and project success but less is written about the mechanisms that interfere with that relationship. Furthermore, project manager’s relationships with stakeholders are recognized as an important determinant of project success in the construction industry. Considering the above facts, this study was motivated to examine how the construction project manager’s emotional intelligence influences project success, and whether the relations with internal and external stakeholders interfere as mediators in that relationship. In the conducted research, 110 project managers participated. The results demonstrate that the emotional intelligence of construction project managers significantly influences the project success and that internal and external stakeholder relationships play an important role as mediators among them. Moreover, it is found that some components of EI have more significant influence on stakeholder relationships and project success and that internal and external relationships in different amounts affect components of project success.
Scaling limitations in full-mesh WDM ring networks using arrayed-waveguide grating OADMs

The authors consider a logical full-mesh wavelength division multiplexing bi-directional ring using optical arrayed-waveguide grating add-drop multiplexers, and evaluate the maximum number of nodes that can be supported. If the arrayed waveguide grating crosstalk is less than -35 dB and the erbium-doped fibre amplifier saturation power larger than 13 dBm, it is shown that a network supporting 11 nodes is feasible.
Lived Solidarity in the Austrian Healthcare System. Healthcare Workers’ Solidaristic Practices with Refugees

"Disadvantaged groups, such as migrant patients facing language and cultural barriers, often have a harder time getting medically necessary services. Drawing upon data from interviews with, and observations of, healthcare workers in Vienna, Austria, we suggest that they play an important role closing structural gaps within a solidarity-based healthcare system. In our analysis of the lived solidarity of healthcare workers we found three different types of practices: First, by practices that we call concretising solidarity, healthcare workers act as the mouth, ear, and arm of a solidarity-based healthcare system. They shape solidaristic institutions through their everyday practice. Second, they fill gaps left open by institutionalised solidarity in the healthcare system. Such practices of compensating solidarity become an inherent corrective to the system. A third form of lived solidarity, creating solidarity, goes one step further by trying to create new rules that change the existing norms and instruments (new laws, but also new criteria for the allocation of resources, etc.). We argue that paying systematic attention to these practices of lived solidarity can help us to improve healthcare services and to ensure that they do not leave disadvantaged and marginalised people behind. "
Impact of movement control order implementation on electricity consumption: A case study of university buildings

The Covid-19 pandemic has first been identified in China at the end of 2019 and later has spread worldwide. In Malaysia, Covid-19 cases have increased drastically in March 2020 that caused the Government to implement a Movement Control Order (MCO) starting 18 March 2020 to curb the outbreak which has affected all sectors in the country including higher education institutions. The objective of this paper is to present the impact of MCO implementation on the electricity consumption on the university buildings particularly at Universiti Malaysia Perlis. The methodology processes involve comparing the energy usage in 2019 as baseline data with usage in 2020 as the assessed data. These data then been analyzed for every 3 months or quarterly for reporting. Based on the results, MCO implementation has shown positive impact to the energy conservation where 3,023 MWh of electrical energy has been reduced in 2020 which is 25.72% less than the same period in 2019. This condition has been extremely beneficial to the university’s operations where RM 1.369 million of electricity bill has been saved. In the aspect of environmental sustainability, the amount of energy reduction is equivalent to more than 2,000 tonnes of CO2 avoidance at rated value 0.694 tCO2 per MWh. As a result from energy reduction, the BEI performance of the buildings has improved from 3-Star (moderately efficient) to 4-Star (efficient).
Tapered plastic optical fiber coated with single wall carbon nanotubes polyethylene oxide composite for measurement of uric acid concentration

Purpose – A simple tapered plastic optical fiber (POF) sensor is proposed and demonstrated for measurement of uric acid concentrations in de-ionized water. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – The sensor operates based on intensity modulation technique as the tapered POF probe which was coated by a single walled carbon nonotubes polyethylene oxide (SWCNT-PEO) composite is immersed into the uric acid solution. The probe was fabricated using an etching method and has a waist diameter of 0.46 mm and tapering length of 10 mm. Findings – As the concentration varies from 0 to 500 ppm, the output voltage of the sensor increases linearly from 6.13 to 7.35 mV with a sensitivity of 0.0023 mV/% and a linearity of more than 97.20 percent. The SWCNT-PEO composite coating increases the sensitivity of the proposed sensor due to the effective cladding refractive index, which increases with the coating and thus allows more light to be transmitted from the tapered fiber. Originality/value –.
What Makes a Difference When? Comments on Grudin and Barnard

Taken together with earlier work on command naming, Grudin and Barnard's results suggest that “specificity” and “meaningfulness” may be important while “naturalness” is not. However, important methodological problems are raised by experiments like this, in which conditions are arranged to maximize the effect of theoretically interesting variables while reducing overall similarity to real tasks.
Types and Course of Development of Advanced Composite Materials

Advanced composite materials (ACMs) are also known as advanced polymer matrix composites. These are generally characterized or determined by unusually high strength fibers with unusually high stiffness, or modulus of elasticity characteristics, compared to other materials, while bound together by weaker matrices. These are termed advanced composite materials (ACMs) in comparison to the composite materials commonly in use such as reinforced concrete, or even concrete itself. The high strength fibers are also low density while occupying a large fraction of the volume. Advanced composites exhibit desirable physical and chemical properties that include light weight coupled with high stiffness (elasticity), and strength along the direction of the reinforcing fiber, dimensional stability, temperature and chemical resistance, flex performance and relatively easy processing. Advanced composites are replacing metal components in many uses, particularly in the aerospace industry.