Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Eosinophil plays a crucial role in intestinal mucositis induced by antineoplastic chemotherapy

Mucositis is a major clinical complication associated with cancer treatment and may limit the benefit of chemotherapy. Leukocytes and inflammatory mediators have been extensively associated with mucositis severity. However, the role of eosinophils in the pathophysiology of chemotherapy‐induced mucositis remains to be elucidated. Here, using GATA‐1‐deficient mice, we investigated the role of eosinophils in intestinal mucositis. There was marked accumulation of eosinophils in mice given irinotecan and eosinophil ablation inhibited intestinal mucositis. Treatment with Evasin‐4, a chemokine receptor antagonist, reduced the recruitment of eosinophils and decreased irinotecan‐induced mucositis. Importantly, Evasin‐4 did not interfere negatively with the antitumour effects of irinotecan. Evasin‐4 was of benefit for mice given high doses of irinotecan once Evasin‐4‐treated mice presented delayed mortality. Altogether, our findings suggest that Evasin‐4 may have significant mucosal‐protective effects in the context of antineoplastic chemotherapy and may, therefore, be useful in combination with anticancer treatment in cancer patients.
All-CMOS temperature independent current reference

An All-CMOS temperature independent current reference circuit was designed by eliminating the mobility dependence term through the combination of a current source which is proportional to mobility and one which is inversely proportional to mobility by using a CMOS square root circuit. The test chip fabricated using a 2 /spl mu/m n-well CMOS process showed a 1.7% variation in the average for the temperature range 0 to 75/spl deg/C.
Adverse Event Profile for Nanoparticle Albumin-Bound Paclitaxel Compared With Solvent-Based Taxanes in Solid-Organ Tumors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

Background: Nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-paclitaxel) is an innovative form of taxane that has superior antitumor effects; however, the safety profile between nab-paclitaxel and traditional taxanes remains controversial. Objective: To determine the burden of adverse events (AEs) in patients with multiple malignancies receiving nab-paclitaxel compared with that in patients receiving traditional taxanes. Methods: Randomized clinical trials comparing nab-paclitaxel with traditional taxanes (solvent-based paclitaxel [sb-paclitaxel] or docetaxel) in the treatment of primary solid-organ malignancies were included if AEs were reported as an outcome. Statistical analyses were conducted to calculate the summary odds ratio (OR) of the relevant adverse outcomes related to nab-paclitaxel and traditional taxanes. Prespecified subgroup analyses based on intervention and doses, primary tumor sites, and different ethnic groups were also performed. Results: Twelve clinical trials were included in the meta-analysis. Grade 3/4 anemia, thrombocytopenia, and neurotoxicity were more frequent with nab-paclitaxel than with traditional taxanes. Nab-paclitaxel at 100 or 125 mg/m2/w dosage was associated with fewer or similar grade 3/4 specific AEs. Allergy was less common with nab-paclitaxel. The median recovery times of neurotoxicity were 25, 64, and 37 days in patients receiving nab-paclitaxel, sb-paclitaxel, and docetaxel, respectively. Elevated incidences of specific AEs were more common in breast cancer and non-Asian patients than in other malignancies and ethnic groups, respectively. Conclusion and Relevance: Nab-paclitaxel increased the risk of hematologic and non-hematologic AEs in general, but anaphylaxis was less common, and the recovery duration of neurotoxicity was shorter. Weekly administration of nab-paclitaxel at a lower dosage provided better tolerance.
Visualization of Anterior Chamber Angle Structures With Scattering- and Polarization-Sensitive Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography

Purpose The purpose of this study was to compare three optical coherence tomography (OCT) modalities in the observation of anterior chamber angle structures; trabecular meshwork (TM), Schlemm's canal (SC), and band of extracanalicular limbal lamina (BELL). Methods Three OCT modalities were used: (1) 2 × 2 Jones-matrix scattering OCT (S-OCT) representing conventional intensity OCT, (2) polarization-diverse S-OCT that was calculated as summation of all elements of the Jones-matrix to eliminate the influence of artifacts caused by sample birefringence, and (3) polarization-sensitive OCT (PS-OCT) to assess depth-resolved phase retardation. Results In a total of 97 eyes of 55 subjects, nasal and temporal angles were scanned. The detection rate of TM and BELL was significantly different among modalities; highest with PS-OCT (95.1% and 99.2%), followed by 2 × 2 Jones-matrix S-OCT (71.1% and 88.7%) and polarization-diverse S-OCT (33.2% and 25.0%), indicating the influence of artifacts on 2 × 2 Jones-matrix S-OCT measurements. SC was visible with 2 × 2 Jones-matrix S-OCT, polarization-diverse S-OCT, and PS-OCT in 14.2%, 14.9%, and 0.3% of images, respectively. The intergrader agreement as evaluated with the prevalence-adjusted bias-adjusted κ value was higher with PS-OCT than with other S-OCTs. Conclusions Visibility of anterior chamber angle structures was assessed with three OCT modalities. For TM and BELL that are rich in collagen fibers, PS-OCT provides significantly better visibility than S-OCT without the influence of artifacts arising from polarization or birefringence. Visualization of SC was more difficult with any OCT modalities. Translational Relevance PS-OCT is a useful tool to investigate the anterior chamber angle structures which are difficult to observe with conventional OCT.
A Comprehensive Review of Continuous-/Discontinuous-Time Fractional-Order Multidimensional Neural Networks

The dynamical study of continuous-/discontinuous-time fractional-order neural networks (FONNs) has been thoroughly explored, and several publications have been made available. This study is designed to give an exhaustive review of the dynamical studies of multidimensional FONNs in continuous/discontinuous time, including Hopfield NNs (HNNs), Cohen–Grossberg NNs, and bidirectional associative memory NNs, and similar models are considered in real (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathbb {R}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>), complex (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathbb {C}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>), quaternion (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathbb {Q}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>), and octonion (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathbb {O}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) fields. Since, in practice, delays are unavoidable, theoretical findings from multidimensional FONNs with various types of delays are thoroughly evaluated. Some required and adequate stability and synchronization requirements are also mentioned for fractional-order NNs without delays.
RNA silencing: From discovery and elucidation to application and perspectives.

RNA silencing (or RNA interference, RNAi) is a conserved mechanism for regulating gene expression in eukaryotes. The discovery of natural trans-kingdom RNAi indicated that small RNAs act as signaling molecules and enable communication between organisms in different kingdoms. The phenomenon and potential mechanisms of trans-kingdom RNAi are among the most exciting research topics. To better understand trans-kingdom RNAi, we review the history of the discovery and elucidation of RNAi mechanisms. Based on canonical RNAi mechanisms, we summarize the major points of divergence around RNAi pathways in the main eukaryotes kingdoms, including plants, animals and fungi. We review the representative incidents associated with the mechanisms and applications of trans-kingdom RNAi in crop protection, and discuss the critical factors that should be considered to develop successful trans-kingdom RNAi-based crop protection strategies. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Distributed antenna system for mobile phone coverage in a hospital - EMI considerations

We compared the in-band radio-frequency transmit power levels of a mobile phone handset used in a hospital building served by a distributed antenna system (DAS) with data collected in other buildings that do not have a DAS installed. Power levels were found to be less dispersed and on average lower with DAS than in a non-DAS environment. A DAS environment has the potential to lower the risk of interference to medical devices from handset in-band transmissions if careful attention is paid to the design of a DAS to eliminate coverage 'holes' arising from localised in-building obstructions.
Role of lipoic acid in multiple sclerosis

Lipoic acid (LA) is an endogenous antioxidant that exists widely in nature. Supplementation with LA is a promising approach to improve the outcomes of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). This systematic review aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of both in vitro and in vivo studies describing the pharmacokinetics, efficacy, safety, and mechanism of LA in MS‐related experiments and clinical trials. A total of 516 records were identified by searching five databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Library. Overall, we included 20 studies reporting LA effects in cell and mouse models of MS and 12 studies reporting LA effects in patients with MS. Briefly, cell experiments revealed that LA protected neurons by inhibiting the expression of inflammatory mediators and activities of immune cells. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mouse experiments demonstrated that LA consistently reduced the number of infiltrating immune cells in the central nervous system and decreased the clinical disability scores. Patients with MS showed relatively stable Expanded Disability Status Scale scores and better walking performance with few adverse events after the oral administration of LA. Notably, heterogeneity of this evidence existed among modeling methods, LA usage, MS stage, and trial duration. In conclusion, this review provides evidence for the anti‐inflammatory and antioxidative effects of LA in both in vitro and in vivo experiments; therefore, patients with MS may benefit from LA administration. Whether LA can be a routine supplementary therapy warrants further study.
Mapping of partial resistance to Phytophthora sojae in soybean PIs using whole‐genome sequencing reveals a major QTL

In the last decade, more than 70 quantitative trait loci (QTL) related to soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. ] partial resistance (PR) against Phytophthora sojae have been identified by genome‐wide association studies (GWAS). However, most of them have either a minor effect on the resistance level or are specific to a single phenotypic variable or one isolate, thereby limiting their use in breeding programs. In this study, we have used an analytical approach combining (a) the phenotypic characterization of a diverse panel of 357 soybean accessions for resistance to P. sojae captured through a single variable, corrected dry weight; (b) a new hydroponic assay allowing the inoculation of a combination of P. sojae isolates covering the spectrum of commercially relevant Rps genes; and (c) exhaustive genotyping through whole‐genome resequencing (WGS). This led to the identification of a novel P. sojae resistance QTL with a relatively major effect compared with the previously reported QTL. The QTL interval, spanning ∼500 kb on chromosome (Chr) 15, does not colocalize with previously reported QTL for P. sojae resistance. Plants carrying the favorable allele at this QTL were 60% more resistant. Eight genes were found to reside in the linkage disequilibrium (LD) block containing the peak single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) including Glyma.15G217100, which encodes a major latex protein (MLP)‐like protein, with a functional annotation related to pathogen resistance. Expression analysis of Glyma.15G217100 indicated that it was nearly eight times more highly expressed in a group of plant introductions (PIs) carrying the resistant (R) allele compared with those carrying the susceptible (S) allele within a short period after inoculation. These results offer new and valuable options to develop improved soybean cultivars with broad resistance to P. sojae through marker‐assisted selection.
A new lignan from Pandanus tectorius

Abstract A new lignan, named (8S, 8′S)-2,2',3,3'-tetramethoxy-4'-hydroxy-epoxylignan-4-O-β-D-glucoside (1), together with eight known compounds (2–9), was isolated from the leaves of P. tectorius. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral characteristics and comparison with the data of literatures. Besides, the absolute configuration of 1 was established by using ECD calculations. The cytotoxicity of 1 in vitro against three selected tumor cell lines (A549, HeLa and MCF-7) was evaluated by MTT assay. The results showed that compound 1 exhibited moderate cytotoxicity against HeLa cell with IC50 value of 19.30 ± 4.46 μM. Graphical Abstract
A novel electronically scannable log‐periodic leaky‐wave antenna

An innovative phaseshifterless, wideband, microstrip leaky‐wave antenna with an electronically steerable dual‐pencil‐beam pattern in the H‐plane is presented. The log‐periodic geometry of the leaky slots of the antenna results in a wide bandwidth of 25.19%. The fan beam can be steered up to 14° over the wide resonating band of the antenna. The beam is also steerable at a fixed frequency, by reactivelty loading the slots and a maximum steering angle of about 14° is observed for different capacitor values with an improved bandwidth of 33.3%. This concept is studied using passive components, but it can be extended to varactors. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 45: 163–165, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20757
Ancient Human Genomes and Environmental DNA from the Cement Attaching 2,000-Year-Old Head Lice Nits

Abstract Over the past few decades, there has been a growing demand for genome analysis of ancient human remains. Destructive sampling is increasingly difficult to obtain for ethical reasons, and standard methods of breaking the skull to access the petrous bone or sampling remaining teeth are often forbidden for curatorial reasons. However, most ancient humans carried head lice and their eggs abound in historical hair specimens. Here we show that host DNA is protected by the cement that glues head lice nits to the hair of ancient Argentinian mummies, 1,500–2,000 years old. The genetic affinities deciphered from genome-wide analyses of this DNA inform that this population migrated from north-west Amazonia to the Andes of central-west Argentina; a result confirmed using the mitochondria of the host lice. The cement preserves ancient environmental DNA of the skin, including the earliest recorded case of Merkel cell polyomavirus. We found that the percentage of human DNA obtained from nit cement equals human DNA obtained from the tooth, yield 2-fold compared with a petrous bone, and 4-fold to a bloodmeal of adult lice a millennium younger. In metric studies of sheaths, the length of the cement negatively correlates with the age of the specimens, whereas hair linear distance between nit and scalp informs about the environmental conditions at the time before death. Ectoparasitic lice sheaths can offer an alternative, nondestructive source of high-quality ancient DNA from a variety of host taxa where bones and teeth are not available and reveal complementary details of their history.
Precision, temperature and supply independent CMOS current source with no external components

A precision, CMOS current generation circuit, using no external components, which is independent of temperature and supply voltage, is described. The only process parameter which affects it is the oxide thickness, which, typically, varies less than +/-10%. The operation utilises charging an on-chip capacitor within a clock defined time period by a feedback controlled current to a reference voltage. The clocking noise is effectively isolated from the output by three orders of magnitude.
More Than a Momentary Blip in the Universe? Investigating the Link Between Religiousness and Perceived Meaning in Life

One longitudinal and four cross-sectional studies (total N = 3,141) tested two candidate explanations for the association between religiousness and perceived meaning in life. Religiousness may foster a sense of significance, importance, or mattering—either to others (social mattering) or in the grand scheme of the universe (cosmic mattering)—which, in turn, support perceived meaning. We found that perceived social mattering mediated, but could not fully explain, the link between religiousness and perceived meaning. In contrast, perceived cosmic mattering did fully explain the association. Overall, results suggest that perceived social and cosmic mattering are each part of the explanation. Yet, perceived cosmic mattering appears to be the stronger mechanism. We discuss how religious faith may be especially suited to support such perceptions, making it a partially unique source of felt meaning.
NCAPH regulates gastric cancer progression through DNA damage response.

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common devastating and deadly malignancies of the gastrointestinal tract in the world. GLOBOCAN data analysis showed that GC accounted for approximately 1,033,000 new cases of cancer and 78,200 deaths in 2018. Nonstructural maintenance of chromosomes (non-SMC) condensin I complex subunit H (NCAPH) is a regulatory subunit that encodes the non-SMC condensin I complex. Previous studies have demonstrated that NCAPH is highly expressed in multiple cancers. This study aimed to explore the function and potential mechanism of NCAPH in GC. Our study showed that NCAPH expression was significantly upregulated in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Oncomine datasets. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were used to detect NCAPH expression in GC and paracarcinoma tissues. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) and colony formation assays were used to examine cell proliferation. Cell scratch and Transwell invasion assays were performed to assess cell migration. In addition, western blotting was used to detect the expression of proteins related to cell cycle, DNA damage repair, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Flow cytometry was applied for cell cycle and apoptosis detection. A xenograft model was employed to assess the effect of NCAPH in vivo. The results demonstrated that NCAPH expression was significantly increased in GC tissue samples and cell lines. Knockout of NCAPH notably inhibited cell proliferation, cell migration, cell invasion, cell cycle progression, and tumor growth in vitro and in vivo, and induced the G1-phase cell cycle arrest by regulating the DNA damage response. In addition, knockout NCAPH promoted cell apoptosis and regulated the expression of EMT-related proteins. The results indicate that the knockout of NCAPH in GC cells inhibits proliferation and metastasis via the DNA damage response in vitro and in vivo. NCAPH plays an important role in GC and may be a potential therapeutic target for GC treatment.
An Updated Overview of Low Back Pain Management

We aimed to determine the recommendation level for the treatment of acute and chronic low back pain (LBP). A systematic review (SR) of the literature was performed and all English-language articles that discuss acute and chronic LBP, including MEDLINE and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, were searched. Of the 873 searched literature reports, 259 articles, including 131 clinical trials, 115 SRs, nine meta-analyses, and four clinical guidelines were analyzed. In these articles, high-quality randomized controlled trials, SRs, and used well-written clinical guidelines were reviewed. The results indicated multiple acute and chronic LBP treatment methods in the literature, and these reports when reviewed included general behavior, pharmacological therapy, psychological therapy, specific exercise, active rehabilitation and educational interventions, manual therapy, physical modalities, and invasive procedures. The Trial conclusions and SRs were classified into four categories of A, B, C, and D. If there were not enough high-quality articles, it was designated as “I” (insufficient). This review and summary of guidelines may be beneficial for physicians to better understand and make recommendations in primary care.
Role of aberrant Sonic hedgehog signaling pathway in cancers and developmental anomalies

Development is a sophisticated process maintained by various signal transduction pathways, including the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway. Several important functions are executed by the Hh signaling cascade such as organogenesis, tissue regeneration, and tissue homeostasis, among various others. Considering the multiple functions carried out by this pathway, any mutation causing aberrant Hh signaling may lead to myriad developmental abnormalities besides cancers. In the present review article, we explored a wide range of diseases caused by aberrant Hh signaling, including developmental defects and cancers. Finally, we concluded this mini-review with various treatment strategies for Hh-induced diseases.
Surveillance of fiber optic and electric power cables using fiber Bragg grating sensors

We report on the integration of optical fiber containing Bragg gratings in the structure of both optical and power cables. It is hon that fiber Bragg gratings provide an efficient method to monitor quasi-distributed mechanical strength along optical cables. This technology is also applied to the monitoring of temperature in power cables for transmission/distribution infrastructures. We show that there are no losses introduced during the cabling process, and the temperature sensitivity of the fiber Bragg grating was found to be only slightly affected by the extrusion process. Results are presented for cable operation in real environment.
Role of interluekin-6 and insulin resistance as screening markers for metabolic syndrome in patients of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A hospital based cross-sectional study.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is usually associated with a variety of extra-pulmonary manifestations. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is one such entity that has been scarcely studied in Indian patients. Availability of a good screening marker may help in timely detection of this co morbidity in COPD patients. We conducted a cross sectional study to evaluate the prevalence of MetS among COPD patients and to evaluate the role of Interleukin-6 and insulin resistance (as measured by HOMA-IR) as screening markers for MetS in COPD. A total of 100 stable COPD patients were evaluated for MetS using US National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (2005) guidelines. Interleukin-6 and HOMA-IR (for insulin resistance) were measured and compared between COPD patients with and without MetS. ROC analysis was done to find the best cut-off value and sensitivity and specificity of both the molecules in detecting MetS. In the results, the mean age of the study cohort was 59.9+8.7yrs (males=93). Forty five COPD patients (45%) fulfilled the criteria for MetS. Patients with MetS were comparatively younger (57.9+9.5 v/s 61.6+7.8 years; p=0.037) but had longer duration of preceding COPD (9.9+2.8 v/s 6.0+2.2 years; p<0.001) as compared to those without MetS. Both IL-6 and HOMA index were statistically higher (p<0.05) in COPD-MetS patients as compared to the other group. At cutoff value of 36.3 pg/ml for IL-6 and 1.61 for HOMA index, IL-6 and HOMA-IR had sensitivity 91.1% and 82.2% respectively in detecting MetS among COPD patients. To conclude, metabolic syndrome is a common comorbidity seen in COPD patients. Interleukin-6 has a better sensitivity than HOMA-IR in screening MetS among COPD patients.