Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Production of a homogeneous seismic catalog based on machine learning for northeast Egypt

Abstract This research presents a new approach which addresses the conversion of earthquake magnitude as a supervised machine-learning problem through a multistage approach. First, the moment magnitude (M w) calculations were extended to lower magnitude earthquakes using the spectral P-wave analyses of the vertical component seismograms to improve the scaling relation of M w and the local magnitude (M L) of 138 earthquakes in northeastern Egypt. Second, using unsupervised clustering and regression analysis, we applied the k-means clustering technique to subdivide the mapped area into multiple seismic activity zones. This clustering phase created five spatially close seismic areas for training regression algorithms. Supervised regression analysis of each seismic area was simpler and more accurate. Conversion relations between M w and M L were calculated by linear regression, general orthogonal regression (GOR), and random sample consensus (RANSAC) regression techniques. RANSAC and GOR produced better results than linear regression, which provides evidence for the effects of outliers on regression accuracy. Moreover, the overall multistage hybrid approach produced substantial improvements in the measured-predicted dataset residuals when individual seismic zones rather than all datasets were considered. In 90% of the analyzed cases, M w values could be regarded as M L values within 0.2 magnitude units. Moreover, predicted magnitude conversion relations in the current study corresponded well to magnitude conversion relations in other seismogenic areas of Egypt.
Environmental Responsiveness and Firm Value: Evidence from Nigeria

Abstract This paper examines the effects of environmental responsiveness on firm value in Nigeria and provides an insight into the feasibility of corporate entities engaging with the United Nations’ sustainable development agenda, without compromising their wealth creation agenda. Secondary data were gathered from annual reports and audited accounts of 83 quoted non-financial firms for three years covering the period of 2016–2018. Thereafter, a regression analysis using the Ohlson value relevant model for price valuation was done. Results of the empirical analysis confirm the positive influence of value relevance of book values, earnings per share, alongside environmental responsiveness and firm size on the firm value of Nigerian firms, while leverage is inversely related. Remarkably too, firms with higher values tend towards being environmentally responsive. Impliedly, there is an empirical evidence of reverse causality between firm value and environmental responsiveness.
Aberrant expression of PI3K/AKT signaling is involved in apoptosis resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma

Abstract Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling is a crucial pathway for cell survival and proliferation, which are regulated by several growth factors and activated receptors. Upregulated PI3K/AKT signaling molecules were reported in several cancers and they are associated with altered cellular functions, leading to oncogenesis. Here, we have examined the implications of elevated PI3K/AKT expression in the apoptosis resistance of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) Huh7 cells. We showed that PI3K/AKT signaling is significantly upregulated in Huh7 cells by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and protein expression analysis. Also, perversely upregulated PI3K/AKT signaling Huh7 cells are highly resistant to treatment with chemotherapy drugs (docetaxel and sorafenib) and acquired apoptosis resistance through downregulation of tumor suppressor protein PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten). Hence, we have investigated the effect of PTEN overexpression on apoptosis induction in Huh7 cells. We showed that PTEN overexpressed Huh7 cells became more sensitive toward the aforesaid drugs and induced apoptotic cell death due to intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Concurrently, the overexpression of PTEN leads to the activation of mitochondria facilitated intrinsic apoptosis, evidenced by upregulated cytochrome C, caspase 3, and caspase 9. Collectively, our data suggest that the aberrant expression of PI3K/AKT signaling contributes to apoptosis resistance in HCC.
Hypoxia exerts oxidative stress and changes in expression of antioxidant enzyme genes in gills of Mytilus galloprovincialis (Lamarck, 1819)

ABSTRACT Bivalve molluscs are widespread in coastal environments, where they are subjected to a wide range of environmental fluctuations, which can represent a significant impact to their antioxidant status. Hypoxia is a global problem affecting the world’s shallow waters, which is forecast to increase in coastal areas due to anthropogenic pressure and global warming. In this work, the effects of 24 h exposure to hypoxia (0.2 mg O2 l−1) on antioxidant parameters of Mytilus galloprovincialis were investigated. Functional parameters of gill samples (the number of dead cells and intracellular reactive oxygen species concentration) were measured by flow cytometry, and the expression level of antioxidant enzyme genes (CAT, GST, SOD) as well as NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 were analysed using transcriptome analysis. Gills responded to oxygen depletion by an increased total number of intracellular reactive oxygen species, which was accompanied with high levels of mortality of cells (10 times higher compared with control). Significant increases of Mn-superoxide dismutase, glutathione S-transferase and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 gene expression levels were observed. Hypoxia did not cause changes in the expression of CAT. The results indicate an overall shift in antioxidant parameters in gill tissue that may represent a certain level of oxidative stress in mussels and decreased capacity of the antioxidant system to maintain redox homeostasis after exposure to hypoxia.
Effect of a single dry needling session in temporomandibular disorders

Abstract Introduction Temporomandibular disorders embrace a heterogeneous group of pathologies with manifestations in the orofacial region, head and neck. They are defined as a group of musculoskeletal and neuromuscular conditions that involve the temporomandibular joint, the masticatory muscles and the associated structures through interactions and reciprocal influences. They may present one or more signs or symptoms: orofacial pain, pain in the masticatory muscles or a combination of both [1]. According to available literature, pain tolerance threshold at pressure and pain intensity decrease after dry needling intervention [2]. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of a single dry needling session in patients with temporomandibular muscle disorder with pain. Material and methods a longitudinal quasi-experimental study with 26 patients with a diagnosis of temporomandibular muscle dysfunction (group I), on the masseter and temporal muscles, according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria for temporomandibular disorder. Patients were randomly picked up from the waiting list of the physiotherapy appointment at Clinica Egas Moniz (CEA) and randomised into two groups: 13 in the experimental group (G1) and 13 in the control group (G2). The groups were evaluated simultaneously but were not submitted to any intervention. The pain tolerance threshold was evaluated at pressure (2 kg), pain intensity measured with numeric pain rating scale (NPRS), before (T0) and after (T1) the intervention, and one week after (T2) the intervention. The intervention consisted of applying the dry needling technique to the painful points of the masseter. Statistical analysis performed in SPSS with a significance level of 5%. All the assumptions of the Helsinki Declaration have been fulfilled and a informed consent for clinical case of Clinica Dentária Egas Moniz approved by the ethic commission of Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz. Results G1 group was formed by 12 female and 1 male subjects with an average and standard deviation of 22.78 ± 3.75. G2 group was formed by 13 female with an average and standard deviation of 23.42 ± 2.45. Pain tolerance threshold at pressure values increased from T0 to T2 in G1 group (p < .001) with averages and standard deviations respectively for: T0 8.34 ± 1.75; T1 79,886 ± 2.10; T2 1.78 ± 0.79. The pain intensity values decreased in T2 when compared to T0 in the G1 group (p < .001) with averages and standard deviations respectively for: T0 7.56 ± 1.36; T1 7.86 ± 1.52; T2 0.89 ± 0.72. Discussion and conclusion Dry needling promotes an increase in pain tolerance threshold values and a decrease in pain intensity values in patients with temporomandibular muscle disorder after a single session, reinforcing their importance in the treatment of themselves.
The role of low spatial frequencies in facial emotion processing: A study on anorthoscopic perception

ABSTRACT We examined the interaction among emotions, spatial frequencies (SF) and holistic analysis using an anorthoscopic paradigm, which is supposed to alter the holistic processing. Emotional and neutral faces were presented sliding behind a narrow aperture (anorthoscopy), or statically in the centre of the screen (whole-face presentation) as broadband images (Experiment 1), filtered at low-SF (Experiment 2), and “hybrids” (emotional low-SF superimposed to neutral high-SF of the same face; Experiment 3). Participants were required to evaluate how “friendly” each stimulus appeared (an indirect measure of emotion processing). These manipulations were aimed at investigating holistic accounts of emotional faces. Friendliness judgments decreased when low-SF and hybrid faces were presented anorthoscopically, possibly due to the impoverished presentation, in which a part-based analysis prevails on a global-based analysis. Although anorthoscopy does not prevent emotion processing, it alters holistic processing of emotional stimuli, confirming the complex interaction among emotions, SF and stimulus presentation.
The most robust representations of flow trajectories are Lagrangian coherent structures

Abstract What is the most robust way to communicate flow trajectories? To answer this question, we employ two neural networks to respectively deconstruct (the encoder) and reconstruct (the decoder) trajectories, where information is passed between the two networks through a low-dimensional latent space in a set-up known as an autoencoder. To ensure that their communications are robust, we add noise to the coded information passed through this latent space. In the low-noise limit the latent space structures are non-spatial in nature, resembling modes of a principle component analysis (PCA). However, as the signal-to-noise ratio is decreased, we uncover Lagrangian coherent structures (LCS) as the most compact representations which still allow the decoder to accurately reconstruct trajectories. This relationship offers increased interpretability to both PCA and LCS analysis, and helps to bridge the gap between two methods of flow analysis.
Genetic predisposition for aggressive behaviour related with dopamine and serotonin pathways – an overview

Abstract Introduction Aggression is a pervasive condition in human civilisation that sometimes emerge in human actions and consists in physical and verbal actions with the intention of causing harm to others. The term aggression can be divided in two types. Expressive aggression appears by provocation and it is usually driven by anger. Otherwise, instrumental aggression is performed as a premeditated mean to obtain something [1]. Aggressive behaviour is a complex process that involves the interaction between diverse factors, including genetic and environmental factors. The aim of this study is to give an overview of the several studies that have identified genetic alterations that may influence the behaviour of individuals. In terms of aggression, research is focussed on signalling pathways, especially involving dopamine and serotonin [2]. Materials and methods Searches were made in the PubMed and B-on online databases. Search terms included “Genetic variants” combined with “Aggression” or “Aggressive behaviour”. The search was limited to articles published on or after the 1st of January 2000 and in English-language peer-reviewed journal publications. Papers focussed on genetic variants that did not relate to the dopamine and serotonin pathways were excluded. Further literature sources were identified by following up internal citations and references. After articles analysis, 24 studies were considered in this literature review. Results The search for genes involved in impulsivity and aggression traits identified different candidate genes belonging to dopamine and serotonin pathways, of which MAO-A, COMT, SLC6A4, SLC6A3, HTR1A, HTR1B, HTR2A, HTR2C, HTR6, DRD2, DRD4, TPH1 and DBH genes [3,4]. Results revealed the presence of 18 variants. The majority of these variants were SNPs, except 5 VNTR and 1 InDel. Discussion and conclusions Some studies found associations between several genetic variants and aggression. However, in many others such associations were unclear [2,3]. The fusion of genetics and psychology into these studies is essential. Notwithstanding, this literature review showed that all previous studies applied a limited psychological assessment of the subjects, leading to partial characterisation of the problem [4]. As such, it is critical to get a deeper insight into the association between aggressive behaviour and putative genetic factors by redefining the methodological strategies used for the psychological assessment.
Assessing the content of a package of SGT-151 sold online

Abstract Introduction Synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) are novel psychoactive substances that mimic the effects of cannabis [1–3]. These products were sold via online shops and consisted of herbal mixtures sprayed with SCs [3]. Since then, a deluge of chemical variations of SCs has been occurring worldwide due to their synthesis in clandestine laboratories, often based on pharmaceutical research and patents, posing a growing challenge for authorities regarding regulation of these substances [1,3]. More recently, several highly potent compounds have emerged on the drug market, synthesised as stated in the patent application of Bowden and Williamson (“SGT-compounds”). These drugs are characterised by a cumyl substituent, which is attached to an indole, indazole or azaindole structure. One of the first cumyl-derivatives, CUMYL-PEGACLONE, was found in 2016 on the German drug market, being sold under the street name SGT-151 [1,2]. The present study aims to understand what is inside of a SGT-151 package sold in the internet as a ‘research chemical’. Materials and methods The cannabinoid identification was based on its mass spectra using the Cayman database (Chemical C. Cayman Spectral Library, vol. v08302018). GC/MS was the technique used to analyse the compound using a MEGA–5 MS capillary column (0.25 µm, 0.32 mm, 30m). Chromatographic analysis was carried out under the following conditions: injection volume 1 µL and splitless injection at 280 °c. The initial oven temperature was 100 °C for 3 min, ramped to 310 °C at a rate of 30 °C/min and held at 310 °C for 10 min. The MS conditions were as follows: ionisation energy was set at 70 eV; acquisition was carried out in a scan mode range of m/z 30–450. Helium was used as the carrier gas. For purification, a HPLC/DAD, operated by Clarity software, was used with a reversed-phase column. The mobile phase was a solvent gradient system consisting of (A) 5% 10 mM ammonia format and (B) 95% acetonitrile, optimised to achieve the best resolution. The results were recorded at λ = 252 nm. Results Figure 1(A) shows the GC/MS chromatogram of SGT-151. It is clear the presence of a peak corresponding to SGT-151 and several other peaks from other compounds. It was not possible to identify the remaining peaks. Figure 1(B) shows a GC/MS chromatogram after purification of the package content. Discussion and conclusions: The data gathered in this study shows that SGT-151 contains a significant amount of impurities. This working progress data is the initial step of a bigger project aiming to understand whether there are differences in the toxicity of pure and non-pure SGT-151 on human cell lines, once it is important to understand if the impurities may have any influence on the cytotoxicity, compared to substances in their pure form, since most of the times the substances that are sold on the streets are not 100% pure. Figure 1. GC/MS analysis: chromatogram before (A) and after (B) purification by HPLC/DAD and mass spectrum (C).
The development of aboriginal brain injury coordinator positions: a culturally secure rehabilitation service initiative as part of a clinical trial

Abstract Brain injury, resulting from stroke and traumatic brain injury, is a common occurrence in Australia, with Aboriginal people affected at a significant rate and impact felt by individuals, families and communities. Access to brain injury rehabilitation services for Aboriginal people is reported to be often limited, with very little support outside the hospital environment. Our research involving Aboriginal brain injury survivors and their families to date has revealed that people often manage ‘on their own’ following such events. Following recommendations from survivors and their families, the Healing Right Way clinical trial, currently underway in Western Australia, has created the role of Aboriginal Brain Injury Coordinator (ABIC) to assist in navigating information and services, particularly after discharge from hospital. Eight positions for this role have been instigated across metropolitan and rural regions in the state. Healing Right Way’s aim is to enhance rehabilitation services and improve quality of life for Aboriginal Australians after brain injury. The ABIC’s role is to provide education, support, liaison and advocacy services to participants and their families over a six-month period, commencing soon after the participant’s stroke or injury has occurred. This paper outlines the development of this role, the partnerships involved, experiences to date and identifies some facilitators and barriers encountered that may impact the role’s ongoing sustainability. Details of components of the planned full Process Evaluation of Healing Right Way related to the ABIC role and the partnerships surrounding it are also provided. In combination with the trial’s ultimate results, this detail will assist in future service planning and provide a model of culturally secure care for stroke and brain injury services that can also inform other sub-acute and primary care models.
Barriers to Bringing Design Function into Technology Start-Ups: A Survey on the Incubation Programme of Hong Kong Science Park

Abstract The intersection between Design and Entrepreneurship is an emerging research field. Design is stated as an approach, process or method for Entrepreneurship. This overlaps with the concept of Design Management, especially the entrepreneurial mode of Design Management. However, we argue that the way of bringing Design function into a tech start-up organization was ignored. As a new venture, there is a process of introducing and applying the Design function. This implies a changed relationship between Design function and the tech start-ups, which are in different stages of Design Management maturity. To fill this gap, an online survey of 123 tech start-ups in Hong Kong Science Park was conducted. Three main findings are obtained: 1) heterogeneous Design demands according to the Design Management maturity; 2) a process-based view of bringing Design function into tech start-ups; 3) four main barriers to bringing Design function.
Low I/O Intensity-aware Partial GC Scheduling to Reduce Long-tail Latency in SSDs

This article proposes a low I/O intensity-aware scheduling scheme on garbage collection (GC) in SSDs for minimizing the I/O long-tail latency to ensure I/O responsiveness. The basic idea is to assemble partial GC operations by referring to several determinable factors (e.g., I/O characteristics) and dispatch them to be processed together in idle time slots of I/O processing. To this end, it first makes use of Fourier transform to explore the time slots having relative sparse I/O requests for conducting time-consuming GC operations, as the number of affected I/O requests can be limited. After that, it constructs a mathematical model to further figure out the types and quantities of partial GC operations, which are supposed to be dealt with in the explored idle time slots, by taking the factors of I/O intensity, read/write ratio, and the SSD use state into consideration. Through a series of simulation experiments based on several realistic disk traces, we illustrate that the proposed GC scheduling mechanism can noticeably reduce the long-tail latency by between 5.5% and 232.3% at the 99.99th percentile, in contrast to state-of-the-art methods.
Improved Charge Injection of Metal Oxide Thin‐Film Transistors by Stacked Electrodes of Indium Tin Oxide Nanoparticles and Silver Nanowires

Solution processed transparent electrodes are developed combining indium tin oxide nanoparticles (ITO‐NPs) and silver nanowires (Ag NWs) at low process temperature of 100 °C, compatible with solution processed indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO) thin‐film transistors as source and drain electrodes. Four structures with various stacking of ITO‐NPs and Ag NWs are investigated. Although sole ITO‐NPs cannot provide the conductivity electrical properties of devices, including the mobility, threshold voltage, and subthreshold swing, are improved using ITO‐NPs over/under the Ag NWs. The mobility is enhanced by employing a hybrid electrode structure from 0.004 cm2 V−1 s−1 (single layer) to 3.42 cm2 V−1 s−1 (triple layer). The ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy and UV–vis measurements reveal the electronic structure to confirm the increase of charge carrier concentration at the interface, when ITO‐NP/IGZO heterojunction is formed. The ITO‐NP layer acts as a buffer layer between the IGZO and Ag NWs layer to facilitate charge injection to reduce the contact resistance, while the Ag NWs supply conductivity. These are also confirmed by Hall measurement and contact resistance extraction. Hybrid electrodes developed here are promising approach for solution processed transparent electrodes toward transparent and flexible electronics with advantages of low‐cost process excluding vacuum system.
Comparison of Defense Effectiveness between Moving Target Defense and Cyber Deception Defense

Both moving target defense and cyber deception defense protect their systems and networks by increasing the uncertainty of information acquired by attackers. Moving target defense randomly changes the IP address, port, operating platform, and other information of the network system to invalidate the information obtained by the attacker within a period of time. Cyber deception defense misleads the attacker to attack the wrong target by setting up a scam in one's network information system. To compare the defense performance of moving target defense and cyber deception defense, this paper establishes a defense effectiveness evaluation model based on the Urn model and quantifies the defense performance of different defense methods based on parameters such as the number of detected addresses, network size, and address conversion frequency.