Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A MODIFICATION OF WYTHOFF NIM

We modify Wythoff’s game by allowing an additional move, which we call a split, and show how the P -positions are coded by the Tribonacci word. We analyze the table of letter positions of arbitrary k-bonacci words and find a mex-rule that generates the Quadribonacci table. In an impartial game, the set of all positions is divided into those that are winning and those that are losing for the player that moves next. To play a game optimally, one needs to know the subset P of all losing positions. The hardness of solving an impartial game therefore depends on the complexity of P, and so one runs into set theory. Substitution sets are easy to describe and have a well-developed theory [25]. Eric Duchêne, Michel Rigo, and others, are building a framework that connects impartial games to substitutions, [11, 12, 13, 14]. A basic example is the Fibonacci substitution 0 7→ 01, 1 7→ 0 which leads to the infinite sequence 010010100100101 · · · . If we take this to be the indicator function of a subset of N, then we find the losing positions P of Wythoff Nim. Duchêne and Rigo found other impartial games that can be described by other substitutions [12, 13]. They asked in [12] if it is possible to devise an impartial game that can be described by the k-bonacci substitution. This was the motivating question for our paper. We were able to find a simple extension of Wythoff Nim that can be described by the 3-bonacci substitution. We were also able to find a mexrelation to generate the table of the 4-bonacci substitution, but we were not able to derive an impartial game from this. Our game, which we call Splythoff Nim, is closely related to the Greedy Queen on a Spiral Game, which was recently solved by Dekking, Shallit and Sloane [9]. Splythoff Nim and Greedy Queen have the same P -positions but different Sprague-Grundy values. Our paper is organized as follows. We first recall Wythoff Nim and the games and number tables that arose out of it. Then we introduce Splythoff Nim, which we solve by an analysis of number tables that come out of the k-bonacci substitution. Finally, we present some numerical evidence that indicates that a-Splythoff, which is the corresponding modification of aWythoff, can be coded by a substitution if a = 2 or 3. 1991 Mathematics Subject Classification. 91A46 and 68R15.
K-BAND KA-BAND PLANAR SPIRAL ANTENNA ARRAYS WITH INTEGRATED CORPORATED FEEDING NETWORK

Although spiral antennas have undergone continuous development and refinement since Edwin Turner conceived them in 1954, only a few compact planar arrays exist. The shortcoming is even more significant when it comes to spiral antenna arrays in mode M2 operation. The present work addresses this issue, among other things. Based on a framework recently published, the paper presents two planar arrays of spiral antennas operating in the same frequency band and radiating for the first one an axial mode M1 and a conical mode M2 for the second. Both arrays are modeled, simulated, and fed with a corporate feeding network embedded in a dielectric substrate. It is shown that keeping the same topology, the array for conical M1 mode can be obtained from the array for mode M2 by a simple introduction of a phase shift on one branch of the feed and vice versa, providing thus the possibility to obtain in the same structure a spiral antenna array operating in both modes in the same frequency band simultaneously. Comparison between simulated and measured data shows good agreement.
A COMPACT AND RECONFIGURABLE DUAL-MODE CONFIGURATION SUBSTRATE INTEGRATED WAVEGUIDE DUAL-BAND BANDPASS FILTER FOR 5G AND MILLIMETER-WAVE COMMUNICATIONS

In this paper, a compact and reconfigurable rectangular substrate integrated waveguide structure dual-mode configuration dual-band bandpass filter has been presented for modern day 5G communication and millimeter-waves. The dual-band bandpass filter is realized by utilizing the two pairs of dumbbell-shaped defected ground structure. The dumbbell-shaped defected ground structures etched on both the ground and the top side of the cavity have been used to produce transmission zeros, minimize the circuit size, and enhance the passband characteristics at a particular frequency of operations. In an effort to demonstrate the proposed dual-band substrate integrated waveguide bandpass filter, this configuration has been designed and fabricated at the 28.3 GHz and 38.5 GHz frequency using low-cost PCB technique. The centre frequency of the second passband has been easily tuned using the geometrical parameters of the filter to achieve the desired applications in the 5G frequency band. Furthermore, the measured in-band return loss (rejection attenuation) of the two bands is approximately better than 26 dB and 28 dB, respectively. The insertion loss of not more than 01 dB for both bands of the filter has been achieved. This dual-band filter operating at the licensed frequencies for the 5G spectrum bands renders this filter appropriate for numerous 5G and millimeter-wave communication applications.
Preparation of CuO nanoparticles via organometallic chelate for the removal of acid red 57 from aqueous solutions

Nanoparticles of copper oxide (CuO) were achieved via thermal treatment for Cu(II) organometallic complex at calcination temperature up to 650°C. CuO nanoparticles that synthesized were elucidated by different spectroscopic techniques such as X-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. CuO nanoparticles were accepted by scanning electron microscopy analysis as its average diameter was from 15 to 20 nm nanoparticles, and N2 adsorption–desorption as the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area was originated to be 42.674 m2 g–1. Studying the adsorption of acid red 57 (AR57) onto CuO nanoparticles from aqueous, to evaluate the influence of pH, initial dye concentration, dosage, temperature, and contact time. Practical results clarified that the adsorption potential of CuO for AR57 was improved in acidic instead of basic solutions. The kinetics and equilibrium adsorption data were analyzed using the common adsorption models. These outcomes detect that Langmuir isotherm fits with the practical data obtained by a good level. The dye uptake process followed the pseudo-second-order rate expression. The activation energy of adsorption was also evaluated and found to be 30.94 kJ mol−1, indicating that the adsorption is chemisorption. Various thermodynamic limits, such as ΔG, ΔH, and ΔS were determined at various temperatures using adsorption equilibrium constants obtained from the Langmuir isotherm. Thermodynamics of adsorption detect the endothermic and spontaneous nature of such process.
Machine learning-based prediction of motor status in glioma patients using diffusion MRI metrics along the corticospinal tract

Along tract statistics enables white matter characterization using various diffusion MRI (dMRI) metrics. Here, we applied a machine learning (ML) method to assess the clinical utility of dMRI metrics along corticospinal tracts (CST), investigating whether motor glioma patients can be classified with respect to their motor status. The ML-based analysis included developing models based on support vector machine (SVM) using histogram-based measures of dMRI-based tract profiles (e.g., mean, standard deviation, kurtosis and skewness), following a recursive feature elimination (RFE) method based on SVM (SVM-RFE). Our model achieved high performance (74% sensitivity, 75% specificity, 74% overall accuracy and 77% AUC). Incorporating the patients demographics and clinical features such as age, tumor WHO grade, tumor location, gender and resting motor threshold (RMT) into our designed models demonstrated that these features were not as effective as microstructural measures. The results revealed that ADC, FA and RD contributed more than other features to the model.
IgA deficiency destabilizes immunological homeostasis towards intestinal microbiota and increases the risk of systemic immune dysregulation

Mammals produce large quantities of mucosal and systemic antibodies that maintain the intestinal barrier, shape the intestinal microbiome and promote lifelong mutualism with commensal microbes. Here, we developed an integrated host-commensal approach combining microbial flow cytometry and 16s rRNA gene sequencing to define the core microbes that induce mucosal and systemic antibodies in pediatric selective Immunoglobulin A (IgA) deficient and household control siblings with CyTOF analysis to determine the impacts of IgA deficiency on host cellular immune phenotype. In healthy controls, mucosal secretory IgA and IgM antibodies coat an overlapping subset of microbes, predominantly Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. Serum IgG antibodies target a similar consortium of fecal microbes, revealing connections between mucosal and systemic antibody networks. Unexpectedly, IgM provides limited compensation for IgA in children lacking intestinal IgA. Furthermore, we find broad systemic immune dysregulation in a subset of children and mice lacking IgA, including enhanced IgG targeting of fecal microbiota, elevated levels of inflammatory and allergic cytokines and alterations in T cell activation state. Thus, IgA tunes systemic interactions between the host and commensal microbiota. Understanding how IgA tunes baseline immune tone has implications for predicting and preventing autoimmune, inflammatory and allergic diseases broadly, as well as providing improved prognostic guidance to patients with IgA deficiency.
Comprehensive analysis of the immunogenomic landscape and clinical features in cervical cancer

Immunotherapy has changed the standard of treatment for many cancers. However, the same treatments showed disappointing outcomes in cervical cancer so far. Thus, understanding the mechanisms that support the immune tolerance of cervical cancer will provide a way to design new strategies to enhance immunotherapies. Here, we characterized cellular compositions of the immune infiltrates in cervical cancer and investigated if the tumor immune landscape is a predictor for patient prognosis. The fraction of ten immune infiltrates of cervical and other cancers were analyzed by using QuanTIseq software base on the bulk mRNA sequencing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas Program (TCGA). Cervical cancer is one of the cancers that had the lowest percentage of total immune infiltrates, but it had the highest ratio for CD8 T cells to all immune infiltrates among all solid cancers. Both the principal components (PCA) analysis and heatmap with dendrogram analysis showed that cervical cancer had a similar immune infiltrated microenvironment with other squamous cell carcinomas, such as head and neck cancer and lung squamous cell cancer. The PCA and heatmap with dendrogram analysis showed that cervical cancer and HPV positive head and neck cancers were clustered more closer and partially separated with HPV negative head and neck cancer. Further analysis showed that HPV-positive cervical and head and neck cancers had a significantly higher level of CD8 T cells and M1-liked macrophages, but a lower level of M2 macrophages. The survival analysis showed that a higher level of CD8 T cells was associated with a better patient prognosis. However, immuno-suppressive immune infiltrates including M2 macrophages and Treg cells that are known to suppress anti-tumor immunity also demonstrated positive patient overall survival. Our study provided a conceptual framework to understand the tumor immune microenvironment of cervical cancer. Our results also demonstrated that the immune infiltrates can be a prognosis marker for cervical cancer.
Treatment of Malachite Green wastewater using walnut shell

In this study, walnut shell (WS) was used to remove Malachite green (MG) from aqueous solutions through adsorption. Static experiments were performed to investigate the effects of different parameters including initial pH value, adsorbent dosage, contact time, and temperature on MG adsorption onto WS. It was found that both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms could describe the equilibrium of MG onto WS. The maximum Langmuir adsorption capacity at 313 K was up to 1,477.33 mg g–1 WS. The removal efficiency was as high as 94.6% for 300 mg L–1 of MG concentration, pH = 6.0, a temperature of 303 K, and 6 g L–1 of WS dosage. Pseudo-second-order kinetics provided a better fit for the kinetic data of MG on WS. Intraparticle diffusion is an important rate-controlling step in the kinetic process, but it was not the only one. A method derived from the Langmuir equilibrium constant KL was developed to determine the thermodynamic parameters, which proposes an endothermic spontaneous physisorption process. These findings imply that WS is a cost-effective, efficient, and very promising adsorbent for the treatment of MG wastewater.
Etude de l'impact de l'extraction des hémicelluloses du bois sur les procédés d'obtention de cellulose et d'éthanol dans le cadre d'une bioraffinerie lignocellulosique

Le renouveau des biocarburants pourrait etre aussi celui de l’industrie chimique de la pâte apapier, en diversifiant l’eventail des produits fabriques a partir de bois. Cette etude porte surl’integration d’une extraction des hemicelluloses du bois au procede Kraft dans le cadre d’une coproductionde fibres cellulosiques et de bioethanol.Le travail experimental de cette etude balaie l’ensemble du procede depuis l’extraction de plus dela moitie des hemicelluloses de bois de resineux, par autohydrolyse ou par hydrolyse a l’acidedilue, jusqu’a la production de fibres cellulosiques blanchies et d’ethanol obtenu par la fermentationdes hydrolysats.Les pâtes de bois prehydrolyse se sont distinguees par de tres bonnes aptitudes a ladelignification lors de la cuisson Kraft et lors du blanchiment a l’oxygene. Une analyse desconstituants des pâtes de bois prehydrolyse a permis de comprendre pourquoi la prehydrolyseconduit a une diminution du rendement de cuisson (perte de lignine et de la totalite deshemicelluloses dont les xylanes). L’analyse des lignines de pâtes ecrues de bois prehydrolyse apermis d’emettre une hypothese quant a l’excellente aptitude de ces pâtes a la delignification lorsdu blanchiment a l’oxygene.En definitive, l’integration d’une extraction des hemicelluloses a une usine Kraft telle qu’elle estproposee par cette etude permet d’obtenir a partir de 100 kg de bois de resineux, 27 a 36kilogrammes de fibres cellulosiques blanchies et jusqu’a 6 litres de bioethanol. Ces fibrescellulosiques blanchies presentent des caracteristiques attrayantes pour la production de cellulose ausage chimique ou de nanocristaux de cellulose.
The nutrition and health potential of geographical indication foods

A geographical indication (GI) is a label used to distinguish products with a specific geographical origin and qualities, characteristics or a reputation that are essentially due to that place of origin. Hence, there is a clear link between the product and its original place of production. GIs are used by countries worldwide as a tool to protect products with characteristics that reflect their place of origin. GI-protected products are typically agricultural products, foodstuffs, wine and spirits, handicrafts or industrial products. Today’s world is facing complex nutrition challenges, and nutrition has been put high on the development agenda in recent years. The important role played by traditional foods, diets and food systems in people’s nutritional status is recognized in a number of important documents. The impact of the use of GIs on nutrition and diets has been researched much less than that of socioeconomics, biodiversity or natural resource availability. The potential of GI foods to contribute to healthy diets and curb non-communicable diseases is worth exploring. This paper presents five case studies on the nutritional potential of registered GI foods: Carnalentejana (Portuguese beef), furu (Chinese fermented tofu), Parmigiano Reggiano and Grana Padano (Italian fermented cheese), rooibos (South African herbal tea) and indigenous rice varieties from the highlands of Borneo (Malaysia and Indonesia). The study explores the link between the production processes and the nutritional composition of the final products. Indeed, the nutritional characteristics of these foods can be largely attributed to their unique ingredients and production procedures, which are linked to their geographical origins. The analysis of nutritional compositions not only considers ordinary nutrients, but also bioactive compounds, which do not usually appear in nutrition facts tables. A number of foods similar to the case study subjects (not necessarily GIs) are briefly discussed in the respective sections. After the case studies, three topics are briefly explored: the development of GI specifications to maintain and improve nutritional values, the role of GI foods in healthy diets, and the determination of food composition. Section 4 discusses the limitations of the paper and presents suggestions to leverage GI foods for healthy diets. Many GI-protected traditional foods are fermented foods; hence, the Annex discusses probiotics, prebiotics and gut microbiota. © FA O /F el ip e R od ríg ue z
Molybdenum Back contact Using Direct current-Magnetron sputtering for Thin Film solar cells

In present work, we report synthesis of molybdenum (Mo) thin films by direct current (DC)-magnetron sputtering method. The structural, optical, morphological, and electrical properties were investigated as a function of target-to-substrate distance. From the results, it is evi d ent that with increase in target-to-substrate distance the thickness of films decreases while its sheet resistance and electrical resistivity increases, which is confirmed by van der Pauw method. Low angle XRD analysis revealed that with increase in target-tosubstrate distance preferred orientation of Mo crystallites changes from (211) to (110) and its size decreases. The field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) analysis revealed a significant change in surface morphology with increase in target-to-substrate distance. UV-Visible spectroscopy analysis showed that Mo films deposited at higher target-to-substrate distance have more reflection than those deposited at lower target-to-substrate. Finally, adhesion test was performed using scotch hatch tape adhesion test which show all Mo films have excellent adhesion over the entire range of target-tosubstrate distance studied. The employment of such Mo films as back contact can be useful to improve efficiency of CZTS solar cells.
The Potential of Glioblastoma Patient Symptoms to Diagnose and Predict Survival

Glioblastoma is a devastating malignancy with a dismal survival rate and median survival time of 14 months. Currently, the biomarkers for glioblastoma are mostly molecular and include EGFRvIII, ATRX, PTEN, IDH1, MGMT, and others. These prognostic tumor biomarkers are obtained through a surgical biopsy and thus are not easily attainable. Clinicians would benefit from a robust, non-invasive, and readily available indicator for early diagnosis and accurate prognostication for glioblastoma patients. In this study, we assessed whether specific patient symptoms could provide an early diagnosis of glioblastoma. Further, we also assessed if any patient symptomatology could provide clinicians with the ability to prognosticate patient survival more accurately. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data for 218 patients. We determined whether symptoms including headache, weakness, seizure, memory loss/confusion, visual changes, speech changes, and loss of consciousness led to a patient being diagnosed earlier and if any of these symptoms predicted diminished patient survival. Our study determined that weakness and memory loss/confusion were the symptoms that predicted diminished survival, and weakness alone was the symptom that predicted an earlier diagnosis. This study further elucidates the complexities of glioblastoma and provides clinicians with more data for their patients when discussing prognostication after diagnosis of glioblastoma.
What You Can Learn by Staring at a Blank Wall

We present a passive non-line-of-sight method that infers the number of people or activity of a person from the observation of a blank wall in an unknown room. Our technique analyzes complex imperceptible changes in indirect illumination in a video of the wall to reveal a signal that is correlated with motion in the hidden part of a scene. We use this signal to classify between zero, one, or two moving people, or the activity of a person in the hidden scene. We train two convolutional neural networks using data collected from 20 different scenes, and achieve an accuracy of ≈ 94% for both tasks in unseen test environments and real-time online settings. Unlike other passive non-line-of-sight methods, the technique does not rely on known occluders or controllable light sources, and generalizes to unknown rooms with no recalibration. We analyze the generalization and robustness of our method with both real and synthetic data, and study the effect of the scene parameters on the signal quality.1
Revisiting Generalizations of the Dehn--Sommerville Relations

We revisit several known versions of the Dehn--Sommerville relations in the context of: homology manifolds, semi-Eulerian complexes, general simplicial complexes, balanced semi-Eulerian complexes and general completely balanced complexes. In addition, we present Dehn--Sommerville relations for reciprocal complexes and general balanced simplicial complexes; which slightly generalize some of the previous results. Our proofs are uniform, and are based on two simple evaluations of the $\tilde h$-polynomial: one that recovers the $\tilde f$-polynomial, and one that counts faces according to certain multiplicities.
Robust PCA Synthetic Control

This study proposes a five-step algorithm for synthetic control method for comparative studies. My algorithm builds on the synthetic control model of Abadie et al., 2015 and the later model of Amjad et al., 2018. I apply all three methods (robust PCA synthetic control, synthetic control, and robust synthetic control) to answer the hypothetical question, what would have been the per capita GDP of West Germany if it had not reunified with East Germany in 1990? I then apply all three algorithms in two placebo studies and a robustness check.
Explicit asymptotic expansions in p-adic harmonic analysis II

We unwind the induction implicit in the"one-step"asymptotic expansions of arXiv:1701.02417 to describe how to turn asymptotic expansions, such as (but not limited to) the Harish-Chandra--Howe local character expansion, for depth-(0) supercuspidal characters into Kim--Murnaghan-type asymptotic expansions for arbitrary positive-depth, tame, supercuspidal characters. Doing so requires analogous results for Fourier transforms of orbital integrals on the Lie algebra of a reductive group, which are of independent interest.
Probing Many-Body Systems near Spectral Degeneracies

The diagonal elements of the time correlation matrix are used to probe closed quantum systems that are measured at random times. This enables us to extract two distinct parts of the quantum evolution, a recurrent part and an exponentially decaying part. This separation is strongly affected when spectral degeneracies occur, for instance, in the presence of spontaneous symmetry breaking. Moreover, the slowest decay rate is determined by the smallest energy level spacing, and this decay rate diverges at the spectral degeneracies. Probing the quantum evolution with the diagonal elements of the time correlation matrix is discussed as a general concept and tested in the case of a bosonic Josephson junction. It reveals for the latter characteristic properties at the transition to Hilbert-space localization.