Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ScriptChecker: To Tame Third-party Script Execution With Task Capabilities

—We present ScriptChecker, a novel browser-based framework to effectively and efﬁciently restrict third-party script execution according to the host web page’s directives. Different from all existing schemes functioning at the JavaScript layer, ScriptChecker holistically harnesses context separation and the browser’s security monitors to enforce on-demand access controls upon tasks executing untrusted code. The host page can ﬂexibly assign resource-access capabilities to tasks upon their creation. Reaping the beneﬁts of the task capability approach, ScriptChecker outperforms existing techniques in security, usability and performance. We have implemented a prototype of ScriptChecker on Chrome and rigorously evaluated its security against 1373 malicious scripts and its usability with empirical studies upon top-1000 sites. The experimental results show that its strong security strength and ease-of-use are attained at the cost of unnoticeable performance loss. It incurs about 0.2 microseconds overhead to mediate a DOM access, and 5% delay when loading popular JS graphics and utility libraries.
KOREAN JOURNAL OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LINGUISTICS

This paper investigates the distributions of adverbs in English. They are known to modify adjectives, adverbs, and verbs. However, we can find the cases in which an adverb modifies the head noun in an NP (e.g., the use temporarily of Australian troops to defend Ceylon). This kind of adverb modifications can be a problem for a syntactic analysis of the NPs based on X’-theory since the adjunct (temporarily) is placed in between the head noun (use) and its PP complement (of Australian troops). This configuration prevents the head noun from combining first with its PP complement. I argue in this paper that the NPs of the kind are not a problem for a constraint-based grammar and show that the distributions of the nounmodifying adverbs and other normal adverbs in English can be straightforwardly analyzed in the framework of HPSG (Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar) (Pollard & Sag 1994; Sag et al. 2003). Received: October 15, 2021 Revised: December 15, 2021 Accepted: December 27, 2021
Thisness and everydayness in children's literature: the 'being in the world proposed by the text'

concepts, such as 'infinite' for an 'immeasurably' large quantity, 'distance'for Q deficient relationship between people. Incidentally even the word 'relation' itself would seem to support Latman's contention. (BaI1985, p.43) Place opening up to 'space' becomes part of that 'internalisation of external processes' which, according to Tumer, constructs the view ofindividual self which constitutes subjectivity (1986, p.88). D ow nl oa de d fr om s ea rc h. in fo rm it. or g/ do i/1 0. 33 16 /ie la pa . 9 80 90 97 22 . D ea ki n U ni ve rs ity , o n 07 /1 6/ 20 21 1 2: 03 P M A E ST ; U T C + 10 :0 0. © P ap er s: E xp lo ra tio ns in to C hi ld re n' s L ite ra tu re , 1 99 8.
Implementation of the CCDC algorithm to produce the LCMAP Collection 1.0 annual land surface change product

The increasing availability of high-quality remote sensing data and advanced technologies has spurred land cover mapping to characterize land change from local to global scales. However, most land change datasets either span multiple decades at a local scale or cover limited time over a larger geographic extent. Here, we present a new land cover and land surface change dataset created by the Land Change Monitoring, Assessment, and Projection (LCMAP) program over the conterminous United States (CONUS). The LCMAP land cover change dataset consists of annual land cover and land cover change products over the period 1985–2017 at a 30 m resolution using Landsat and other ancillary data via the Continuous Change Detection and Classification (CCDC) algorithm. In this paper, we describe our novel approach to implement the CCDC algorithm to produce the LCMAP product suite composed of five land cover products and five products related to land surface change. The LCMAP land cover products were validated using a collection of ∼ 25000 reference samples collected independently across CONUS. The overall agreement for all years of the LCMAP primary land cover product reached 82.5 %. The LCMAP products are produced through the LCMAP Information Warehouse and Data Store (IW+DS) and shared Mesos cluster systems that can process, store, and deliver all datasets for public access. To our knowledge, this is the first set of published 30 m annual land change datasets that include land cover, land cover change, and spectral change spanning from the 1980s to the present for the United States. The LCMAP product suite provides useful information for land resource management and facilitates studies to improve the understanding of terrestrial ecosystems and the complex dynamics of the Earth system. The LCMAP system could be implemented to produce global land change products in the future. The LCMAP products introduced in this paper are freely available at https://doi.org/10.5066/P9W1TO6E (LCMAP, 2021). Published by Copernicus Publications. 144 G. Z. Xian et al.: LCMAP land change product
Functioning on an Uneven Keel: Capital Regulation of Credit Intermediaries in India

India is a bank-dominated financial system with most of the financial assets belonging to the banking sector. However, it is yet to match the size and outreach of banking sectors as prevailing in various other emerging economies. Even after 20 years of liberalisation, close to 70% of the banking sector assets belong to Public Sector Banks (PSBs). The interesting development, however, has been the rise in the popularity of non-deposit taking NBFCs (NBFC-ND) as sources of credit. While the size of the NBFC sector is still relatively small compared to that of banks, these entities have gained market share and are the predominant source of credit in certain niche segments. In this paper, we discuss the role of non-deposit taking NBFCs in the Indian system as credit intermediaries and the regulatory regime that applies to these entities. Specifically, we reflect on the existing micro-prudential regulations that apply to NBFC-ND and highlight that the current framework violates the principle of institutional neutrality of regulation. With regulatory capital for poorly performing banks set lower than relatively well-performing NBFCs, the current regulatory regime seems imbalanced in its application of prudential requirements. The paper concludes with a set of recommendations to re-design the microprudential regulatory framework of non-deposit taking NBFCs in India. Notes on the Indian Financial System Note 6, March 2019 1The author works for Dvara Research (Formerly IFMR Finance Founda on), Chennai. Corresponding author’s email: Nishanth.K@dvara.com. I acknowledge and thank Deep George, Madhu Srinivas and Sowmini Prasad for their input and assistance on this essay. I would like to express my gra tude to Ms. Bindu Ananth and Dr. Nachiket Mor for their thoughts and guidance on the important issues around financial regula ons in India.
Investigation of novel symmetric and asymmetric multilevel converter topology with reduced power switches

The multilevel inverter has tremendous challenges to improve the power quality in DC/AC high power application. Multilevel inverter is drawing more attention due to modularity and robustness, especially high voltage applications. In conventional multilevel inverters require a more number of switches and complex switching circuits and size is bulky. This paper proposes a novel multilevel power converter topology with reduced power switches and gate driver circuit without affecting state-of-art necessities. This proposed topology has minimum switching and conduction losses, low voltage stress (dv/dt), low electromagnetic interference, low total harmonic distortion (THD) and better efficiency. Both symmetric and asymmetric methods are simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK tool. Based on simulation, the prototype experimental setup has been made and results are verified.
The case for building familiarity into wearables design.

This paper examines the issues connected with the development of wearable devices in terms of affective design, that is, as pleasurable products. Wearables, particularly in the context of everyday use, have the ability to become good examples of what Steve Mann termed ‘existential computers’. This phenomenological state will only come about, however, if the product/user fit is good for all aspects of the design. Here we examine the design aspect of familiarity and how choice of materials can affect the approachability of the wearable, and the subsequent relationship between it and the wearer. Finally a combined design through making and participative methodology is suggested for taking the work further.
Lämplig ålder för kastration av katt

Denna litteraturstudie omfattar tidig (fore 12 v alder) och prepubertal (fore konsmognad) kastration av katt, med fokus pa effekter till foljd av ingreppet. Da den nuvarande aldersrekommendationen om sex manader for kastration av katt star under revidering sedan september 2013 ar syftet med denna uppsats att identifiera och redogora for de reservationer som foreligger med tidig respektive prepubertal kastration. De aspekter som framhalls i studien som problematiska ar bl.a. tillvaxtstorningar, epifysfrakturer, overvikt, tumorer, narkosrisk, beteenderelaterade problem etc. Med hjalp av genomforda studier i amnet kan manga av de reservationer som forknippats med ett tidigarelagt ingrepp dementeras, samtidigt som flertalet av riskerna i samband med ingreppet kan konfirmeras. Den huvudsakliga fragestallningen i studien ar huruvida fordelarna med en sankt kastrationsalder overvager de eventuella riskerna. Internationellt har metoden redan fatt faste och anvands framst i avseende att fa kontroll over och begransa den viltlevande kattpopulationens utbredning. I Sverige har efterfragan pa tidig kastration okat bade bland djurskyddsorganisationer och uppfodare, men hittills har djurhalsovarden haft svart att mota denna efterfragan da antalet veterinarer villiga att utfora ingreppet ar fa. Att utreda behovet av tidig kastration i Sverige ar ytterligare en aspekt som framhalls i studien. Efter att ha identifierat riskerna och faststallt de fordelar som foljer en tidigarelagd kastrationsalder kan vissa slutsatser dras. Enligt tillganglig litteratur kan den nuvarande kastrationsaldern sankas utan storre risk for framtida komplikationer hos den enskilda individen. Dock kraver ingreppet ett visst hansynstagande till den unga kattens fysiologiska forutsattningar for att minska riskerna i samband med ingreppet. Behovet i Sverige kraver att mojligheten finns, men metoden bor ej fa ett regelmassigt anvandande. Tillgangen pa popularvetenskapliga kallor i amnet ar omfattande, dock ar antalet vetenskapliga studier desto farre och resultaten tvetydiga. For att kunna belysa fragestallningen tydligare hade fler och nyare studier med storre urval och med fokus pa de langsiktiga effekterna av ingreppet varit onskvarda.
Dimensions of treatment engagement among youth and caregivers: Structural validity of the REACH framework.

OBJECTIVE Although the literature on treatment engagement varies in its characterization and enumeration of the relevant dimensions, the dimensionality of treatment engagement has yet to be tested empirically using a uniform measurement approach. We therefore examined the structural validity of a hypothesized five-factor model, using a confirmatory factor-analytic approach applied to youth and caregiver reports of their own perceived level of engagement. METHOD Data were obtained from 1,807 primarily Hispanic American (56.0%) and African American/Black (26.3%) youth (Mage = 12.7; 46.8% female) and/or their caregivers participating in school mental health services in Los Angeles, California, and rural South Carolina. Participants (N youth records = 1,415; N caregiver records = 1,361) rated 35 self-report indicators of treatment engagement, hypothesized to represent five REACH dimensions (Relationship, Expectancy, Attendance, Clarity, and Homework), approximately 4 weeks following an intake assessment. RESULTS Results uniformly supported the hypothesized five-factor models relative to one-factor, youth χdiff(10)² = 2,092.96, p < . 001; caregiver χdiff(10)² = 4,570.93, p < . 001, and four-factor, youth χdiff(4)² = 225.15, p < . 001; caregiver χdiff(4)² = 843.06, p < . 001, alternative models. Modification indices and expected change coefficients did not indicate substantive points of strain in the five-factor models, and tests of model invariance uniformly supported the REACH structure across youth age, youth race, region, and caregiver language. CONCLUSIONS Findings supported a five-factor structure that appears to generalize well across multiple groups, and they set the stage for advances in measurement and improved conceptualization of treatment engagement in research and clinical care. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
ON-target Adverse Events of CRISPR-Cas9 Nuclease: More Chaotic than Expected.

CRISPR-Cas9 is a highly promising technology for clinical development. However, this powerful tool can induce adverse genomic events. The off-target genotoxicity is well described, predictable, detectable, and resolved by the use of new generations of Cas9 nucleases with high fidelity. In contrast, the ON-target genotoxicity due to a DNA double-strand break at the targeted locus is still underestimated. Here, we review several genomic outcomes induced by CRISPR-Cas9 from the insertion/deletion of a few bases to megabase-scale rearrangements. We hope to highlight this barely detectable complex safety concern to promote further studies to understand the mechanisms better, to detect these unwanted events, and to prevent them for the safety management of future CRISPR-Cas9 clinical trials.
Effects of Probiotics on Allergic Rhinitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

Background The prevalence of allergic rhinitis has been estimated to range from 10 to 30% in adults and up to 40% in children. Probiotics have been tested as for this condition, but no census on which probiotic types are most effective. Objective Our aim of this study was to provide probiotic strain-specific evaluation for the treatment of allergic rhinitis. Methods Databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect) were searched (from inception to October 2020) to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of probiotic treatments in allergic rhinitis patients. A systematic review was done comparing types of reported outcomes, clinical and immunological parameters and safety data. A meta-analysis was done for probiotics with at least two RCTs per probiotic strain(s) and sharing a common outcome. Results A total of 13 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials (N = 1591 participants) were included in the systematic review. Overall, 8 of 9 probiotic types alleviated at least one clinical symptom of allergic rhinitis. The meta-analysis results showed that, neither L. paracasei Lp33 (SMD = −1.61, 95% CI −4.67, 1.45) nor L. rhamnosus GG (SMD = −1.00, 95% CI −3.01, 1.00) had significant efficacy for reducing nasal symptom scores. Conclusions Our analysis showed probiotics produced a slight improvement in some clinical and immunological measurements on allergic rhinitis. Due to the diversity of outcome measurements and lack of sufficient trials for each probiotic strain, future trials are needed with similar study design and uniform outcomes to better compare the effect of probiotics on allergic rhinitis.
Pathogen infection and cholesterol deficiency activate the C. elegans p38 immune pathway through a TIR-1/SARM1 phase transition

Intracellular signaling regulators can be concentrated into membrane-free, higher ordered protein assemblies to initiate protective responses during stress — a process known as phase transition. Here, we show that a phase transition of the Caenorhabditis elegans Toll/interleukin-1 receptor domain protein (TIR-1), an NAD+ glycohydrolase homologous to mammalian sterile alpha and TIR motif-containing 1 (SARM1), underlies p38 PMK-1 immune pathway activation in C. elegans intestinal epithelial cells. Through visualization of fluorescently labeled TIR-1/SARM1 protein, we demonstrate that physiologic stresses, both pathogen and non-pathogen, induce multimerization of TIR-1/SARM1 into visible puncta within intestinal epithelial cells. In vitro enzyme kinetic analyses revealed that, like mammalian SARM1, the NAD+ glycohydrolase activity of C. elegans TIR-1 is dramatically potentiated by protein oligomerization and a phase transition. Accordingly, C. elegans with genetic mutations that specifically block either multimerization or the NAD+ glycohydrolase activity of TIR-1/SARM1 fail to induce p38 PMK phosphorylation, are unable to increase immune effector expression, and are dramatically susceptible to bacterial infection. Finally, we demonstrate that a loss-of-function mutation in nhr-8, which alters cholesterol metabolism and is used to study conditions of sterol deficiency, causes TIR-1/SARM1 to oligomerize into puncta in intestinal epithelial cells. Cholesterol scarcity increases p38 PMK-1 phosphorylation, primes immune effector induction in a manner that requires TIR-1/SARM1 oligomerization and its intrinsic NAD+ glycohydrolase activity, and reduces pathogen accumulation in the intestine during a subsequent infection. These data reveal a new adaptive response that allows a metazoan host to anticipate pathogen threats during cholesterol deprivation, a time of relative susceptibility to infection. Thus, a phase transition of TIR-1/SARM1 as a prerequisite for its NAD+ glycohydrolase activity is strongly conserved across millions of years of evolution and is essential for diverse physiological processes in multiple cell types.
Yawn contagion in bonobos: Another group, another story

In primates, yawn contagion (the yawning response elicited by others' yawn) is variably influenced by individual (e.g., sex, age) and social factors (e.g., familiarity) and possibly linked to interindividual synchronization, coordination, and emotional contagion. Two out of three studies on yawn contagion in bonobos (Pan paniscus), found the presence of the phenomenon with mixed results concerning the effect of familiarity and no replication on its modulating factors. To address this puzzling issue, we recorded all occurrences data on yawn contagion in a captive bonobo group (March–June 2021; 18 individuals; La Vallée des Singes, France). Contrary to chimpanzees and humans, the number of triggering yawns increased contagion, possibly owing to a higher stimulus threshold. This aspect may explain the interindividual variability observed in yawn contagion rates. In subjects under weaning, we did not detect yawn contagion and, as it occurs in certain human cohorts, yawn contagion declined with age, possibly due to reduced sensitivity to others. Females responded more than males and elicited more responses from females when showing sexual swelling. As reproductive females are central in bonobo society, our results support the hypothesis that—as in other Hominini—the most influential sex can influence yawn contagion. The relationship quality (measured via grooming/play) did not affect yawn contagion, possibly due to bonobos' xenophilic nature. Overall, this study confirms the presence of yawn contagion in bonobos and introduces new elements on its modulating factors, pointing toward the necessity of cross‐group studies.
Organ Care System Heart™ in donors requiring high-risk excision of suspected neoplastic lesions

Although Heart Transplant is still the gold standard treatment for end-stage heart failure patients, the limitation of this procedure is the discrepancy between the amount of waiting list patients and donors. Organ Care Systems, preventing the detrimental effects of cold ischemia, potentially increase donor pool. Herein we report three cases where high-risk excisions were required to clarify the nature of suspected lesions in donors. We decided to retrieve the organs and to place them in the devices before performing the excision. Our experience confirm the possibility to utilise this device as a time buffer in these peculiar scenarios.
A case of leukaemia cutis in a dog with T‐cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia

Abstract Leukaemia cutis (LC) is the infiltration of neoplastic leukocytes into the skin, characterised by haemorrhagic papules, nodules, and plaques. LC has been reported in human leukaemia patients, but it is extremely rare in dogs. A 13‐year‐old spayed female Golden Retriever that was previously diagnosed with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia was managed with chlorambucil (20 mg/m2 orally, every 2 weeks) and prednisolone (2 mg/kg orally, every other day) for 8 months; however, immunosuppression was temporarily discontinued because of a bacterial urinary tract infection. Cutaneous signs, including multifocal ecchymosis and white plaques, appeared 1 month after cessation of chemotherapy. Histopathological examination revealed small‐ to intermediate‐sized lymphocytes with mild atypia in a perivascular to interstitial pattern within the superficial dermis. The bands of atypical cells within the superficial dermis were strongly and extensively positive for CD3 on immunohistochemistry. Polymerase chain reaction analysis of the biopsied skin revealed clonal rearrangement of the T‐cell receptor gamma locus gene. Given the evidence of clinical signs, peripheral immunophenotyping, histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and clonal gene arrangement, LC was diagnosed. The lesions disappeared when chemotherapy was restarted but were occasionally observed when chemotherapy was stopped. To the authors’ best knowledge, this is the first case report of LC in a dog.
Tool Wear Condition Monitoring in Tapping Process by Fuzzy Logic

The objective of this research is to study tool wear condition monitoring in tapping process on CNC machining center machine by using fuzzy logic, to determine the status of cutting tool and the suitable time of changing tool before the tool failure or damage on work piece. The input data that were used in fuzzy logic system obtained from three sensors signal include a spindle current, force and vibration sensor. Fuzzy C-mean clustering and neural network were used to guide in the development of membership function. The status of tool was identified by crisp output values from fuzzy logic system. The results showed fuzzy logic can be used to monitor the tool wear. The performance of fuzzy system based on the number of input data sets and validation of expert in fuzzy rules.
SlERF.F12 modulates the transition to ripening in tomato fruit by recruiting the co-repressor Topless and histone deacetylases to repress key ripening genes.

Ethylene Response Factors (ERFs) are downstream components of ethylene-signaling pathways known to play critical roles in ethylene-controlled climacteric fruit ripening, yet little is known about the molecular mechanism underlying their mode of action. Here, we demonstrate that SlERF.F12, a member of the ERF.F subfamily containing EAR motifs, negatively regulates the onset of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit ripening by recruiting the co-repressor TOPLESS 2 (TPL2) and the histone deacetylases HDA1/HDA3 to repress the transcription of ripening-related genes. The SlERF.F12-mediated transcriptional repression of key ripening-related genes 1-AMINO-CYCLOPROPANE-1-CARBOXYLATE SYNTHASE 2 (ACS2), ACS4, POLYGALACTURONASE 2a (PG2a), and PECTATE LYASE (PL) is dependent on the presence of its C-terminal EAR motif. We show that SlERF.F12 interacts with the co- repressor TPL2 via the C-terminal EAR motif and recruits histone deacetylases SlHDA1 and SlHDA3 to form a tripartite complex in vivo that actively represses transcription of ripening genes by decreasing the level of the permissive histone acetylation marks H3K9Ac and H3K27Ac at their promoter regions. These findings provide new insights into the ripening regulatory network and uncover a direct link between repressor ERFs and histone modifiers in modulating the transition to ripening of climacteric fruit.