Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Integrative annotation of variants from 1 , 092 humans : application to cancer genomics ”

Title: “Integrative annotation of variants from 1,092 humans: application to cancer genomics” Authors: Ekta Khurana *, Yao Fu *, Vincenza Colonna *, Xinmeng Jasmine Mu *, Hyun Min Kang , Tuuli Lappalainen , Andrea Sboner , Lucas Lochovsky , Jieming Chen , Arif Harmanci 1,2 , Jishnu Das , Alexej Abyzov , Suganthi Balasubramanian , Kathryn Beal , Dimple Chakravarty , Daniel Challis , Yuan Chen , Declan Clarke , Laura Clarke , Fiona Cunningham , Uday S. Evani , Paul Flicek , Robert Fragoza 13, , Erik Garrison , Richard Gibbs , Zeynep H. Gümüş , Javier Herrero , Naoki Kitabayashi , Yong Kong , Kasper Lage , Vaja Liluashvili , Steven Lipkin , Daniel G. MacArthur , Gabor Marth , Donna Muzny , Tune H. Pers , Graham R. S. Ritchie , Jeffrey A. Rosenfeld , Cristina Sisu , Xiaomu Wei , Michael Wilson , Yali Xue , Fuli Yu , 1000 Genomes Project Consortium, Emmanouil T. Dermitzakis 6,7,8 , Haiyuan Yu 12,13 , Mark A. Rubin , Chris Tyler-Smith , , Mark Gerstein ,1,2,33
Observations of stratosphere-to-troposphere transport events over the eastern Mediterranean using a ground-based lidar system

[1] In order to cover a substantial amount of stratospheric intrusions during the project Influence of Stratosphere-Troposphere Exchange in a Changing Climate on Atmospheric Transport and Oxidation Capacity (STACCATO), coordinated measurements were carried out at several locations in central and southern Europe, based on quasi-operational stratosphere-troposphere exchange forecasts. In this context, lidar measurements of tropospheric ozone were performed at Thessaloniki (23°E, 40.5°N), Greece, for the investigation of stratosphere-to-troposphere transport (STT) events over the southeastern Mediterranean region, during 2000–2002. The study of STT in this area is of particular interest not only because of its geographic location, which is more southern than the typical position of the polar front jet, but also because of the sparseness of detailed studies in this area. A summary of the main characteristics of the STT events that were detected by lidar during the investigation period reveals a tropospheric ozone increase of the order of 10% between 4.5 and 6.5 km above sea level, a coincident decrease in relative humidity, and elevated values of potential vorticity, thus providing a direct indication of the occurrence of stratospheric air in the middle troposphere. No direct effect on surface ozone was recorded. Furthermore, the majority of the STT cases detected reveal a common pathway of the stratospheric air masses that reached Thessaloniki originating from the North Sea. In addition, the event of 9 January 2001, during which the clearest and strongest descent of stratospheric air occurred, is further analyzed. An ozone-rich layer of the order of 60–90 ppbv between 5 and 6.5 km above sea level is clearly depicted, which was the result of the intermixture of originally stratospheric and boundary layer air originating from North America.
Grand Isle: A Barrier Island in the Gulf of Mexico

Grand Isle is a barrier island composed entirely of sediments, most of which are terrigenous. Surface sediments of the island are primarily fine- to very fine-grained sand, some silt and with some clay. The sand fraction is basically quartz but contains 18.7 percent feldspar. Size characteristics of the sediments parallel geomorphic features such as the beach, dune, back-island ridges, and inter-ridge areas. Silt and clay fractions of the sediment generally increase behind the dune complex of the island. This finer fraction is interpreted as being secondarily introduced from the bay-sound environment by influxes of high water and by aeolian transport. Sorting coefficients closely parallel geomorphic features of the island. Median grain-size diameters for the island range downward from 0.166 mm. Two factors indicate that beach material moves into the Grand Isle area via littoral currents from the southwest: (1) all grain-size characteristics of beach material increase to the southwest; and (2) sediment buildup occurs on the southwest sides of the jetty and groins. Organic content of the sediment is lowest in environments of high physical energy and high oxidation, and these generally parallel geomorphic features. Approximately 25 sets of relict beach and dune ridges are present behind the active beach and dunes. The orientation of these low relief back-island features indicates that the island has grown at its distal ends and seaward by accretion. The Holocene-Pleistocene contact is at approximately 400 ft below the surface at Grand Isle. Four sands are present in the Holocene column, these are interlayered with clay and silty clay. The upper two sands have a linear configuration and are as much as 43 ft thick. The deepest sand is more than 120 ft thick. Subsurface strata studied at Grand Isle are related to the Holocene marine transgression and the Mississippi River deltaic progradation. Holocene sediments of Grand Isle are 20,000 yrs old or less. The “D” Sand (at about 200 ft below sea level) was deposited during the Holocene marine transgression. The “C” Sand was deposited as a nearshore Gulf deposit. The “A” and “B” Sands were deposited as barrier islands or barrier island spits. The two uppermost sand bodies are less than 1000 yrs old. The “A” and “B” Sands were deposited by northeasterly moving littoral currents which flow contrary to the prevailing longshore currents. The oldest, continuously subaerial, segment of the present island is interpreted to be less than 700 yrs old. The island probably originated as a barrier spit which extended northeastward from the Lafourche delta front. The barrier spit waspossibly separated from the mainland by a tidal current breakthrough or surge of storm waters. Since separation from the mainland, the island hasgrown to each end, and seaward, by ridge accretion.
An AFIS Candidate List Centric Fingerprint Likelihood Ratio Model based on Morphometric and Spatial Analyses (MSA)

The use of fingerprints for identification purposes boasts worldwide adoption for a large variety of applications, from governance centric applications such as border control to personalised uses such as electronic device authentication. In addition to being an inexpensive and widely used form of biometric for authentication systems, fingerprints are also recognised as an invaluable biometric for forensic identification purposes such as law enforcement and disaster victim identification. Since the very first forensic applications, fingerprints have been utilised as one of the most commonly used form of forensic evidence worldwide.
Fire history and climatic patterns in ponderosa pine and mixed-conifer forests of the Jemez Mountains, Northern New Mexico

-We reconstructed fire history in ponderosa pine and mixedconifer forests across the Jemez Mountains in northern New Mexico. We collected fire-scarred samples from ten ponderosa pine areas, and three mesic mixed-conifer areas. Prior to 1900, ponderosa pine forests were characterized by high frequency, low intensity surface fire regimes. The mixed-conifer stands sustained somewhat less frequent surface fires, along with patchy crown fires. We also examined the associations between past fires and winter-spring precipitation. In both ponderosa pine and mixedconifer forests, precipitation was significantly reduced in the winter-spring period immediately prior to fire occurrence. In addition, winter-spring precipitation during the second year preceding major fire years in the ponderosa pine forest was significantly increased. The results of this study provide baseline knowledge concerning the ecological role of fire in ponderosa pine and mixed-conifer forests. This information is vital to support ongoing ecosystem management efforts in the Jemez Mountains.
Les changements dans les outils de contrôle de gestion: une analyse comparative

This communication presents a comparative analysis of the changes carried out in the tools for management control in France, Malaysia, Singapore and Canada. It uses the conceptual framework of Libby and Waterhouse (1996) relative to the location of the changes (planning systems, controlling systems, costing systems, directing systems and decision making systems). This research also mobilizes the typology of Sulaiman and Mitchell (2005) on the nature of the change (addition, replacement, output modification, operational modification and reduction). Beyond some differences, the empirical results show a certain convergence in comparison with the localizations and natures of the changes operated in the tools for management control for these four countries.
How water moves in a water repellent sandy soil: 2. Dynamics of fingered flow

The dynamics of fingered flow in a water repellent sandy soil was studied in the field by sampling 10 vertical trenches in a 1-year cycle. In dry soil, fingers were formed in those places in the top layer which have the lowest degree of potential water repellency. The finger diameters varied roughly between 10 and 50 cm depending on the sequence of weather conditions. The fingers were wet in the topsoil and increasingly drier with depth. In none of the trenches sampled were there any serious indications of finger merger. The actual water repellent soil volumes between fingers were excluded from the transport of water and solutes for at least several hours. The temporal and spatial variability of these actual water repellent soil volumes is illustrated and evaluated with respect to simulation model development.
A New Hadrosauriform Dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous of Gansu Province, China

A new basal hadrosauriform dinosaur, Xuwulong yueluni gen. et sp. nov., is reported based on an articulated specimen including a complete cranium, almost complete axial skeleton, and complete left pelvic girdle. The specimen is recovered from the Early Cretaceous Yujingzi Basin in the Jiuquan area, Gansu Province of northwestern China. Xuwulong is among the most basal members of hadrosauriform dinosaurs, and distinguished by its unique lower jaw in having a V‐shaped rostral end of the dentary in lateral view and a mandibular articular surface which levels with mid‐height of the dentary ramus, as well as an enlarged and downturned prepubic process. Including Xuwulong, three basal hadrosauriforms have been discovered from the Early Cretaceous Xinminpu Group in the Mazongshan area, making it an important area to study the origin and early evolution of duck‐billed dinosaurs.
EPPO Datasheet: Diaphorina citri

Preferred name: Diaphorina citri Authority: Kuwayana Taxonomic position: Animalia: Arthropoda: Hexapoda: Insecta: Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Liviidae Other scientific names: Euphalerus citri (Kuwayana) Common names: Asian citrus psyllid, citrus psylla, citrus psyllid view more common names online. EPPO Categorization: A1 list view more categorizations online. EU Categorization: A1 Quarantine pest (Annex II A) EPPO Code: DIAACI more photos.
An Experimental Investigation of the Influence of Water and Oxygen Fugacity on Differentiation of MORB at 200 MPa

Crystallization experiments were performed at 200MPa in the temperature range 1150–950 C at oxygen fugacities corresponding to the quartz–fayalite–magnetite (QFM) and MnO–Mn3O4 buffers to assess the role of water and fO2 on phase relations and differentiation trends in mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB) systems. Starting from a primitive (MgO 9 8 wt %) and an evolved MORB (MgO 6 49 wt %), crystallization paths with four different water contents (0 35–4 7 wt % H2O) have been investigated. In primitive MORB, olivine is the liquidus phase followed by plagioclase þ clinopyroxene. Amphibole is present only at water-saturated conditions below 1000 C, but not all fluid-saturated runs contain amphibole. Magnetite and orthopyroxene are not stable at low fO2 (QFM buffer). Residual liquids obtained at low fO2 show a tholeiitic differentiation trend. The crystallization of magnetite at high fO2 (MnO–Mn3O4 buffer) results in a decrease of melt FeO */ MgO ratio, causing a calc-alkaline differentiation trend. Because the magnetite crystallization temperature is nearly independent of the H2O content, in contrast to silicate minerals, the calc-alkaline differentiation trend is more pronounced at high water contents. Residual melts at 950 C in a primitive MORB system have compositions approaching those of oceanic plagiogranites in terms of SiO2 and K2O, but have Ca/Na ratios and FeO * contents that are too high compared with the natural rocks, implying that fractionation processes are necessary to reach typical compositions of natural oceanic plagiogranites.
Authigenic carbonates from the Cascadia subduction zone and their relation to gas hydrate stability

Authigenic carbonates are intercalated with massive gas hydrates in sediments of the Cascadia margin. The deposits were recovered from the uppermost 50 cm of sediments on the southern summit of the Hydrate Ridge during the RV Sonne cruise SO110. Two carbonate lithologies that differ in chemistry, mineralogy, and fabric make up these deposits. Microcrystalline high-magnesium calcite (14 to 19 mol% MgCO3) and aragonite are present in both semiconsolidated sediments and carbonate-cemented clasts. Aragonite occurs also as a pure phase without sediment impurities. It is formed by precipitation in cavities as botryoidal and isopachous aggregates within pure white, massive gas hydrate. Variations in oxygen isotope values of the carbonates reflect the mineralogical composition and define two end members: a Mg-calcite with δ18O =4.86‰ PDB and an aragonite with δ18O =3.68‰ PDB. On the basis of the ambient bottom-water temperature and accepted equations for oxygen isotope fractionation, we show that the aragonite phase formed in equilibrium with its pore-water environment, and that the Mg-calcite appears to have precipitated from pore fluids enriched in 18O. Oxygen isotope enrichment probably originates from hydrate water released during gas-hydrate destabilization.
Wave-induced abyssal recirculations

The forcing of abyssal recirculation gyres by cross-isopycnal mixing and wave fluxes near the deep western boundary is investigated. A three-layer isopycnal primitive equation model is applied in a series of experiments to an idealized basin with bottom topography. In the absence of deep western boundary current instabilities, cross-isopycnal mixing forces a cyclonic recirculation gyre, modified by topography, which is consistent with the traditional Stommel-Arons model. Instabilities of the boundary current fundamentally alter the mean basin-scale deep flow from a cyclonic recirculation to an anticyclonic recirculation. Bottom topography plays a key role in destabilizing the mean flow. The forcing mechanism for the interior recirculation is the horizontal divergence of momentum and potential vorticity fluxes carried by topographic waves that are forced by the boundary current instabilities. The strength of the recirculation gyre is linearly proportional to the kinetic energy of the waves, which is controlled in the present model by bottom drag, and well predicted by a simple scale analysis. This is essentially an adiabatic process. The addition of cross-isopycnal mixing forces the large-scale interior recirculation toward the pole, partially into boundary currents. through linear vorticity dynamics. Vorticity budgets reveal three dynamical regimes for the eddy-driven flows, the western boundary current, the recirculation region, and the interior. Similarities and differences between the mean flow and recent observations in the Brazil Basin are discussed.
Trigeminal neuralgia and other facial neuralgias

Trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux) is one of the best known facial pain conditions because of its distinctive characteristics and good responsiveness to many treatments. Patients with trigeminal neuralgia (TN) present with unilateral lancinating or electric shock-like pains, which come in paroxysms lasting seconds or minutes, and are provoked by innocuous stimuli. Clinical examination reveals trigger zones in the central mask of the face and minimal sensory loss. TN tends to occur later in life, but in the early stages usually remits for variable periods. The commonest causes for TN are compression by a neighboring blood vessel and multiple sclerosis (MS). Treatment options range from pharmacotherapy to neurodestructive and decompressive surgery with excellent early results.
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Composition and Potential Sources for Sediment Samples from the Beaufort and Barents Seas

Understanding the sources and pathways of pollutant transport to the Arctic is fundamental to our custody of this sensitive ecosystem. To achieve such an understanding, we need to go beyond a catalog of environmental concentrations. Sediments, which are a final sink for particle-active contaminants, can provide a valuable resource to assess fluxes and sources of contaminants. Here, we interpret PAH distributions from widely distributed Arctic marine sediments both as indicators of anthropogenic contribution and to illuminate transport pathways. We use principal components analysis (PCA) to reveal the potential sources of PAHs and their geochemistry in sediments from the Beaufort and Barents Seas. PCA distinguishes between natural and anthropogenic inputs and supports a direct linkage between anthropogenic emissions and Arctic contamination. In the Beaufort Sea, PAHs and triterpenes reflect strong Mackenzie River-dominated inputs of natural PAHs and petroleum which overwhelm anthropogenic sources. In the B.
Research on gaze-based interaction to 3D display system

There have been reported several researches on gaze tracking techniques using monocular camera or stereo camera. The most popular used gaze estimation techniques are based on PCCR (Pupil Center & Cornea Reflection). These techniques are for gaze tracking for 2D screen or images. In this paper, we address the gaze-based 3D interaction to stereo image for 3D virtual space. To the best of our knowledge, our paper first addresses the 3D gaze interaction techniques to 3D display system. Our research goal is the estimation of both of gaze direction and gaze depth. Until now, the most researches are focused on only gaze direction for the application to 2D display system. It should be noted that both of gaze direction and gaze depth should be estimated for the gaze-based interaction in 3D virtual space. In this paper, we address the gaze-based 3D interaction techniques with glassless stereo display. The estimation of gaze direction and gaze depth from both eyes is a new important research topic for gaze-based 3D interaction. We present our approach for the estimation of gaze direction and gaze depth and show experimentation results.
OPINION Intracellular chloride: a regulator of transepithelial transport in the distal nephron

Recent findings Low dietary potassium increases the phosphorylation and activity of the sodium chloride cotransporter (NCC) in the DCT, and vice versa, affecting sodium-dependent potassium secretion in the downstream aldosterone-sensitive distal nephron. In cells, NCC phosphorylation is increased by lowering of intracellular chloride, via activation of the chloride-sensitive with no lysine (WNK)-SPAK/OSR1 (Ste20related proline/alanine-rich kinase/oxidative stress response) kinase cascade. In-vivo studies have demonstrated pathway activation in the kidney in response to low dietary potassium. A possible mechanism is lowering of DCT intracellular chloride in response to low potassium because of parallel basolateral potassium and chloride channels. Recent studies support a role for these channels in the response of NCC to varying potassium. Studies examining chloride-insensitive WNK mutants, in the Drosophila renal tubule and in the mouse, lend further support to a role for chloride in regulating WNK activity and transepithelial ion transport. Caveats, alternatives, and future directions are also discussed.
Observations of aerosols in the free troposphere and marine boundary layer of the subtropical Northeast Atlantic: Discussion of processes determining their size distribution

During July 1994, submicron aerosol size distributions were measured at two sites on Tenerife, Canary Islands. One station was located in the free troposphere (FT), the other in the marine boundary layer (MBL). Transport toward these two sites was strongly decoupled: the FT was first affected by dust and sulfate-laden air masses advecting from North Africa and later by clean air masses originating over the North Atlantic, whereas the MBL was always subject to the northeasterly trade wind circulation. In the FT the submicron aerosol distribution was predominantly monomodal with a geometric mean diameter of 120 nm and 55 nm during dusty and clean conditions, respectively. The relatively small diameter during the clean conditions indicates that the aerosol originated in the upper troposphere rather than over continental areas or in the lower stratosphere. During dusty conditions the physical and chemical properties of the submicron aerosol suggest that it has an anthropogenic origin over southern Europe and that it remains largely externally mixed with the supermicron mineral dust particles during its transport over North Africa to Tenerife. Apart from synoptic variations, a strong diurnal variation in the aerosol size distribution is observed at the FT site, characterized by a strong daytime mode of ultrafine particles. This is interpreted as being the result of photoinduced nucleation in the upslope winds, which are perturbed by anthropogenic and biogenic emissions on the island. No evidence was found for nucleation occurring in the undisturbed FT. The MBL site was not strongly affected by European pollution during the period of the measurements. The MBL aerosol size distribution was bimodal, but the relative concentration of Aitken and accumulation mode varied strongly. The accumulation mode can be related to cloud processing of the Aitken mode but also to pollution aerosol which was advected within the MBL or entrained from the FT. No bursts of nucleation were observed within the MBL.
Multi‐temporal AVHRR digital data: An approach for landcover mapping of heterogeneous landscapes

Abstract A multi‐temporal sequence of seven NOAA‐n, Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite scenes (April 10, May 18, June 6, June 29, July 20, and August 18, 1987) were composited to derive cover‐type information in the heterogeneous landscape of University Lake Watershed, North Carolina, U.S.A. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was calculated for each scene and merged into a seven‐dimensional dataset, representing each time period sampled. An unsupervised classification was performed on the multi‐temporal composite to derive five cover‐type classes. Similar classifications were generated on single scene information. Ground control information was derived from an unsupervised classification of one kilometer grid compositional percentages initially derived from photo‐interpreted landcover information. The multi‐temporal NDVI classification more consistently characterized phenologic responses on a spatially dissected landscape than single scene clustering. Sub‐pixel infor.