Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Milk Protein Quantity and Quality in Low-Birth-Weight Infants: II. Effects on Selected Aliphatic Amino Acids in Plasma and Urine

The optimal quantity and quality of protein for low-birth-weight infants is undefined. In this study, 106 well, appropriate-for-gestational-age, low-birth-weight infants weighing 2,100 gm or less were divided into three gestational age groups and assigned randomly within each age group to one of five feeding regimens: pooled human milk; formula 1 (protein content, 1.5 gm/100 ml, 60 parts bovine whey proteins to 40 parts bovine caseins); formula 2 (3.0 gm/100 ml, 60:40); formula 3 (1.5 gm/100 ml, 18:82); and formula 4 (3.0 gm/100 ml, 18:82). The concentrations of the free amino acids in the plasma and urine of these infants were determined. The plasma concentrations of free amino acids were generally far greater in the infants fed the 3.0-gm/100 ml protein diets than they were in the infants fed pooled human milk. The plasma concentrations of free amino acids of the infants fed the 1.5-gm/100 ml protein diets were intermediate. In general, the concentrations of the free amino acids in the plasma of the infants fed the 3.0-gm/100 ml caseinpredominant formula (F4) were furthest from those fed pooled human milk. Glutamate showed the highest plasma amino acid concentrations in infants fed both the high- and low-protein casein-predominant formulas. This was true despite the fact that the intake of glutamate on the high-protein, whey-predominant formula was twice that on the low-protein, casein-predominant formula. The differences between groups in the essential amino acids in plasma were generally greater than those of the nonessential amino acids. The concentrations of amino acids in the urine tended to parallel those of the plasma.
Fourier analysis of phase-shifting algorithms

The analysis of phase detection algorithms in the Fourier domain provides information about the overall performance characteristics for complex, non-ideal signals encountered in real-world instruments. Thus phase algorithms can be optimized and adapted to the particular application at hand. After a review of the basic Fourier description of phase algorithms, several cases are discussed demonstrating this ability. These cases include phase shift error, non-sinusoidal.
A High Step-up Sextuple Voltage Boosting 13S-13L Inverter with Fewer Switch Count

In this work, a high step-up sextuple voltage boosting 13 switches – 13 level inverter (SVB-13S -13LI) structure was proposed through a pulse width modulation technique with selective harmonic elimination. This topology can deliver six times of voltage boosting capability. A single voltage source, 13 switches, two diodes, and three capacitors are utilized to obtain the objective of this research. This work carried out various tests on the proposed topology to find efficiency, voltage stress, total standing voltage, and voltage gain. The detailed comparative study of existing inverter topologies is tabulated to prove the proposed topology has a better performance. The main feature of this topology is six times voltage boosting, a minimum number of switches, less voltage stress, and a self-balanced floating capacitor. Further to isolate or eliminate the undesired low order harmonics the particle swarm optimization-based SHPWM Technique is used. For proving the above-mentioned merits, the simulation was carried out using MATLAB SIMULINK and their corresponding THD results are compared with different Modulation indexes. Also, experimental results are validated by the FPGA SPARTAN 6E controller and their cost function [CF] for the unit price ($) are compared with the state-of-art literature 13-level inverters.
Konservasi Energi Panas Sisa Proses Geothermal Power Plant

Kemajuan pesat teknologi berbanding lurus dengan kebutuhan akan energi listrik namun tidak sejalan dengan ketersedian sumberdaya penghasil energi listrik tersebut, untuk itu diperlukan konservasi energi untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan optimalisasi dari sebuah pembangkit listrik sehingga dapat menunjang peningkatan kebutuhan akan energi listrik. jurnal ini memberikan analisa kelayakan pemanfaatan energi panas sisa proses dari pembangkit listrik geothermal yang menjadi pembangkit utama, Dengan menggunakan System Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) dengan fluida kerja Iso-Butene, dengan cara menghitung heat balance dari siklus ORC, hingga didapatkan nilai enthalpi dan entropy dari system tersebut sehingga dapat dihitung energi yang dapat dihasilkan oleh turbin ekspansi yang menggerakan Generator, dengan hasil akhir ini tambahan energi yang dihasilkan oleh system ORC
Protocolo assistencial de injeções intravítreas do HCPA: degeneração macular relacionada com a idade na forma neovascular

Age-related macular degeneration in the neovascular form is one of the main causes of blindness in the world and the second most frequent indication of intravitreal injections at Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. Treatment with intravitreal injection of antivascular endothelial growth factor agents, including bevacizumab, revolutionized the visual outcome of these patients at the expense of multiple monthly applications. As in other centers, discrepancies in care team’s approaches and logistical difficulties compromise the effectiveness of treatment. Therefore, we developed a treatment protocol for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) based on the literature, establishing criteria for inclusion, exclusion, treatment regimen and patient follow-up. We hope to optimize the effectiveness of treatment in patients with nAMD.
On Stopping Sets of AG Codes Over Certain Curves With Separated Variables

In this paper we study stopping sets of AG codes over a family of curves, denoted by <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathcal {X}_{f,g}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, that includes several important curves with applications in coding theory. We present results concerning stopping sets of one-point and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$m$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-point codes over <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathcal {X}_{f,g}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, generalizing some results for Hermitian codes presented by Anderson and Matthews.
Multiple wavelength amplification in wide band high power 1550 nm quantum dash optical amplifier

A wide band, high saturation power InAs/InP 1550 nm quantum dash optical amplifier is reported. The dependence of crosstalk in multiwavelength amplification on bit rate, power and channel detuning is studied. Amplification of an eight channel WDM signal covering a 100 nm bandwidth with no crosstalk is demonstrated.
Time Domain Inverse Scattering for a Homogenous Dielectric Cylinder by Asynchronous Particle Swarm Optimization

In this paper, we propose a time domain inverse scattering technique for reconstructing the electromagnetic properties of a homogeneous dielectric cylinder based on the finite difference time domain method and the asynchronous particle swarm optimization (APSO). The homogeneous dielectric cylinder with unknown electromagnetic properties is illuminated by transverse magnetic pulse and the scattered field is recorded outside. By minimizing the discrepancy between the measured and estimated scattered field data, the location, shape, and permittivity of the dielectric cylinder are reconstructed. The inverse problem is resolved by an optimization approach and the global searching scheme APSO is then employed to search the parameter space. A set of representative numerical results is presented for demonstrating that the proposed approach is able to efficiently reconstruct the electromagnetic properties of the homogeneous dielectric scatterer even when the initial guess is far away from the exact one. In addition, the effects of Gaussian noises on imaging reconstruction are also investigated.
Power-factor correction with interleaved boost converters in continuous-inductor-current mode

The operation and design trade-offs of the interleaved boost converter in continuous inductor-current mode in a high-power-factor preregulator circuit are investigated. By using interleaved converters, an overall reduction of boost inductor and electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter volume can be achieved, together with reduced switching losses. The problem of unequal load sharing between the interleaved power stages with average current control is pointed out, and a practical solution is recommended. EMI filter design considerations and experimental data taken from a 3 kW converter are presented. <<ETX>>
Investigation into the multipath performance of self-phased array

The self-phased array, which achieves beam pointing automatically by the use of a pilot carrier, has a particularly unusual behaviour in the presence of multipath signals. The object of the paper is to investigate the underlying array behaviour in a two signal multipath condition, which can be used to determine the performance of a practical array system. Theoretical and experimental results are presented to show the beam forming properties of the array in such a situation for the two cases of operation with or without pilot channel limiting.
Inflammatory Effects of Bothrops Phospholipases A2: Mechanisms Involved in Biosynthesis of Lipid Mediators and Lipid Accumulation

Phospholipases A2s (PLA2s) constitute one of the major protein groups present in the venoms of viperid and crotalid snakes. Snake venom PLA2s (svPLA2s) exhibit a remarkable functional diversity, as they have been described to induce a myriad of toxic effects. Local inflammation is an important characteristic of snakebite envenomation inflicted by viperid and crotalid species and diverse svPLA2s have been studied for their proinflammatory properties. Moreover, based on their molecular, structural, and functional properties, the viperid svPLA2s are classified into the group IIA secreted PLA2s, which encompasses mammalian inflammatory sPLA2s. Thus, research on svPLA2s has attained paramount importance for better understanding the role of this class of enzymes in snake envenomation and the participation of GIIA sPLA2s in pathophysiological conditions and for the development of new therapeutic agents. In this review, we highlight studies that have identified the inflammatory activities of svPLA2s, in particular, those from Bothrops genus snakes, which are major medically important snakes in Latin America, and we describe recent advances in our collective understanding of the mechanisms underlying their inflammatory effects. We also discuss studies that dissect the action of these venom enzymes in inflammatory cells focusing on molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways involved in the biosynthesis of lipid mediators and lipid accumulation in immunocompetent cells.
Regulatory mechanism of HIF-1α and its role in liver diseases: a narrative review

Objective To summarize the structure, regulatory mechanism, and target genes of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) and to comprehensively expound its role in various chronic liver diseases, thus providing a new perspective on the treatment of various liver diseases. Background Liver disease, especially chronic liver disease, is a long-standing public health problem; the mortality rate due to end-stage cirrhosis and liver cancer is high worldwide and continues to grow. Moreover, there is a lack of effective targeted therapy for most liver diseases, such as fatty liver, alcoholic liver disease (ALD), and advanced liver cancer, for which drug treatment approaches are extremely limited. As the liver is a highly aerobic organ, an insufficient oxygen supply can induce a series of diseases, and HIF proteins play an important role in these processes. Methods Literature on HIF-1α and its effects on various liver diseases were extensively searched, and the feasibility and challenges of targeting HIF-1α to treat various chronic liver diseases were analyzed. Conclusions HIF-1α is widely involved in the occurrence, development, and prognosis of ALD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury (AILI), viral hepatitis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and other liver diseases. HIF-1α participates in complex signaling pathways, and its expression is regulated in many liver diseases. These results suggest the feasibility and clinical significance of targeting HIF-1α to treat liver diseases.
Projection of future wildfire emissions in western USA under climate change: contributions from changes in wildfire, fuel loading and fuel moisture

Numerous devastating air pollution events from wildfire smoke occurred in this century in the western USA, leading to severe environmental consequences. This study projects future fire emissions in this region under climate change with a focus on comparing the relative contributions from future changes in burned area, fuel loading and fuel moisture. The three properties were projected using an empirical fire model, a dynamical global vegetation model and meteorological conditions respectively. The regional climate change scenarios for the western USA were obtained by dynamical downscaling of global climate projections. The results show overall increasing wildfires and fuel loading and decreasing fuel moisture. As a result, fire emissions are projected to increase by , 50% from 2001–2010 to 2050–2059. The changes in wildfires and fuel loading contribute nearly 75% and 25% of the total fire emission increase, respectively, but the contribution from fuel moisture change is minimal. The findings suggest that the air pollution events caused by wildfire smoke could become much more serious in the western USA by the middle of this century, and that it would be essential to take the future changes in fuel conditions into account to improve the accuracy of fire emission projections.
Multistage partially adaptive STAP CFAR detection algorithm

A new method of partially adaptive constant false-alarm rate (CFAR) detection is introduced. The processor implements a novel sequence of orthogonal subspace projections to decompose the Wiener solution in terms of the cross-correlation observed at each stage. The performance is evaluated using the general framework of space-time adaptive processing (STAP) for the cases of both known and unknown covariance. It is demonstrated that this new approach to partially adaptive STAP outperforms the more complex eigen-analysis approaches using both simulated DARPA Mountain Top data and true pulse-Doppler radar data collected by the MCARM radar.
Modelling and optimum design of ultrasonic transducer for therapy application

In ultrasound imaging applications, transducers with high sensitivity, good impulse response, low-ripple, and wide-band performance are desired. Widening the bandwidth of transducers by introducing quarter-wavelength matching layers on the piezoelectric ceramic may result in a reduction in power transmission and sensitivity. For therapy, it is more important to have high-transmitting power than to have wide-bandwidth characteristics. Since a 15% bandwidth is sufficient for therapy applications, a matching-layer thickness that is a little bit shorter or longer than one-quarter wavelength is proposed as a good trade-off between the two criteria. By tuning the thickness and acoustical impedance of the matching layer, transducers with optimum bandwidth and transmitting power can be obtained. An acoustical lossy transmission line model for an ultrasonic transducer is proposed. Then, the developed model is implemented on PSPICE-controlled source programming technology to precisely predict the performance of the transducer's characteristics. Good agreement between the simulation results and experimental results has been achieved.
Simulation of a convective loop for the Nested Thermal Envelope Design™ low-energy house

The Nested Thermal Envelope Design™ is an innovative low-energy house design that incorporates two thermal envelopes to create a core and perimeter zone. The perimeter acts as a thermal buffer zone, where heat loss from the core and solar gain in the perimeter are recovered to the core via an inter-zone heat pump. To optimize heat recovery from the perimeter and minimize temperature stratification, a complete loop is formed around the core living space, through which air may flow in a convective loop. A simplified convective loop was modelled with a commercial computational fluid dynamics software package. The results show that the convective loop distributes solar gains and reduces temperature stratification in the perimeter. The location of the heat pump in the convective loop was found to affect the heat pump’s coefficient of performance by up to 21%.
Integrated Service Discovery and Placement in Information-Centric Vehicular Network Slices

Connected and autonomous driving is one of the prominent vertical applications to showcase the capabilities of the 5G mobile network to transform and disrupt numerous industrial sectors and service chains. Cooperative autonomous mobility applications require ultra low latency communication, utilize massive broadband connections for vast numbers of connected devices, all of this under high mobility settings. Cloud and Edge Computing, artificial intelligence (AI), and the Internet of things (IoT) pave the path for the most important role of 5G: to attain an integration platform for the challenges of vertical applications. In this work, we first review these enabling features of 5G for autonomous driving and their integration in our autonomous driving testbed on urban public roads. We then propose an enhancement to the 5G vehicle to everything (V2X) architecture by incorporating the informationcentric communication paradigm. Our simulations of a proposed approach for integrated service discovery and placement in the high mobility settings of autonomous driving applications show improved service continuity and latency measured by hop counts to service endpoints and number of cache nodes. The results serve as a base line performance indicator for the practical implementation of the proposed approach.
Issues in Requirements Elicitation

Abstract : There are many problems associated with requirements engineering, including problems in defining the system scope, problems in fostering understanding among the different communities affected by the development of a given system, and problems in dealing with the volatile nature of requirements. These problems may lead to poor requirements and the cancellation of system development, or else the development of a system that is later judged unsatisfactory or unacceptable, has high maintenance costs, or undergoes frequent changes. By improving requirements elicitation, the requirements engineering process can be improved, resulting in enhanced system requirements and potentially a much better system. Requirements engineering can be decomposed into the activ- ities of requirements elicitation, specification, and validation. Most of the requirements techniques and tools today focus on specification, i.e., the representation of the requirements. This report concentrates instead on elicitation concerns, those problems with requirements engineering that are not adequately addressed by specification techniques. An elicitation methodology is proposed to handle these concerns. This new elicitation methodology strives to incorporate the advantages of existing elicitation techniques while comprehensively addressing the activities performed during requirements elicitation. These activities include fact-finding, requirements gathering, evaluation and rationalization, prioritization, and integration. Taken by themselves, existing elicitation techniques are lacking in one or more of these areas.
Simulative Effect of Cyclic Prefix in Optical OFDM

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is one of the Multi-Carrier Modulation (MCM) techniques that transmit signals through multiple carriers. These carriers (subcarriers) have different frequencies and they are orthogonal to each other. There are different parameters which alter the performance of OFDM system. In this paper, the effect of cyclic prefix length (CP) on optical (OFDM) system is investigated. Although employing a CP as the guard interval is a simple way to combat inter-symbol interference (ISI) and inter-carrier interference (ICI), it reduces the transmission efficiency of the system. The simulation results show the effect of CP length in power receiver, penalty of power and improved the performance based on signal to noise ratio (SNR). In addition, a tradeoff is needed between reduced interference effects and transmission efficiency.
Nonaffine-Nonlinear Adaptive Control of an Aircraft Cabin Pressure System Using Neural Networks

AbstractIn this paper, an adaptive neural network controller is proposed for a nonaffine-nonlinear aircraft cabin pressure system with unknown parameters. A multilayer neural network is used to represent the controller structure. The ultimate boundedness of the closed-loop system is guaranteed through a Lyapunov stability analysis by introducing a suitably driven adaptive rule. The effectiveness of the proposed adaptive controller is illustrated by considering an aircraft cabin pressure system, and the simulation results verify the merits of the proposed controller.
Mesochronous bus for reducing peak I/O power dissipation

A mesochronous bus to reduce the peak I/O power dissipation is proposed. In the proposed bus, subsets of bus lines have nonoverlapping bus transitions in every clock cycle. Experimental results with 0.18 /spl mu/m libraries show that it outperforms other systems for a wide range of bus frequencies. The reduction rate for a typical 32 bit, 33 MHz bus is 90.6%, which is an 81.3% improvement over the previous work.
Motion Washout Filter Tuning: Rules and Requirements

Current motion-drive algorithms have a number of coefficients that are selected to tune the motion of the simulator. Little attention has been given to the process of selecting the most appropriate coefficient values. Final tuning is best accomplished using experienced evaluation pilots to provide feedback to a washout filter expert who adjusts the coefficients in an attempt to satisfy the pilot. This paper presents the development of a tuning paradigm and the capturing of such within an expert system. The focus of this development is the University of Toronto classical algorithm, but the results are relevant to alternative classical and similarly structured adaptive algorithms. This paper provides the groundwork required to develop the tuning paradigm. The necessity of this subjective tuning process is defended. Motion cueing error sources within the classical algorithm are revealed, and coefficient adjustments that reduce the errors are presented.
Study of Fuzzy Integral and Support Vector Machine Algorithm in Machinery Diagnosis

In the field of fault diagnosis for rotating machines, the conventional methods or the neural network based methods are mainly single symptom domain based methods, and the diagnosis accuracy of which is not always satisfactory. To improve the diagnosis accuracy a method that combines the multi-class support vector machines (MSVMs) outputs with the degree of importance of individual MSVMs based on fuzzy integral is presented. This provides a sound basis for integrating the results from MSVMs to get more accurate classification. The experimental results with the recognition problem of a blower machine show the performance of fault diagnosis can be improved.