Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Embedding Physics to Learn Spatiotemporal Dynamics from Sparse Data

Modeling nonlinear spatiotemporal dynamical systems has primarily relied on partial differential equations (PDEs) that are typically derived from ﬁrst principles. However, the explicit formulation of PDEs for many underexplored processes, such as climate systems, biochemical reaction and epidemiology, remains uncertain or partially unknown, where very sparse measurement data is yet available. To tackle this challenge, we propose a novel deep learning architecture that forcibly embedded known physics knowledge in a residual-recurrent Π -block network, to facilitate the learning of the spatiotemporal dynamics in a data-driven manner. The coercive embedding mechanism of physics, fundamentally different from physics-informed neural networks based on loss penalty, ensures the network to rigorously obey given physics. Numerical experiments demonstrate that the resulting learning paradigm that embeds physics possesses remarkable accuracy, robustness, interpretability and generalizability for learning spatiotemporal dynamics.
A Gaia-based Photometric and Kinematic Analysis of the Old Open Cluster King 11

This paper presents an investigation of an old age open cluster King 11 using Gaia’s Early Data Release 3 data. Considering the stars with membership probability (P μ ) > 90%, we identified 676 most probable cluster members within the cluster’s limiting radius. The mean proper motion for King 11 is determined as: μ x = − 3.391 ± 0.006 and μ y = − 0.660 ± 0.004 mas yr−1. The blue straggler stars of King 11 show a centrally concentrated radial distribution. The values of limiting radius, age, and distance are determined as 18. ′51, 3.63 ± 0.42 Gyr, and 3.33 ± 0.15 kpc, respectively. The cluster’s apex coordinates (A = 267.°84 ± 1.°01, D = − 27.°48 ± 1.°03) are determined using the apex diagram method and verified using the (μ U , μ T ) diagram. We also obtained the orbit that the cluster follows in the Galaxy and estimated its tentative birthplace in the disk. The resulting spatial velocity of King 11 is 60.2 ± 2.16 km s−1. A significant oscillation along the Z coordinate up to 0.556 ± 0.022 kpc is determined.
Catchphrase: Automatic Detection of Cultural References

A snowclone is a customizable phrasal template that can be realized in multiple, instantly recognized variants. For example, “* is the new *" (Orange is the new black, 40 is the new 30). Snowclones are extensively used in social media. In this paper, we study snowclones originating from pop-culture quotes; our goal is to automatically detect cultural references in text. We introduce a new, publicly available data set of pop-culture quotes and their corresponding snowclone usages and train models on them. We publish code for Catchphrase, an internet browser plugin to automatically detect and mark references in real-time, and examine its performance via a user study. Aside from assisting people to better comprehend cultural references, we hope that detecting snowclones can complement work on paraphrasing and help tackling long-standing questions in social science about the dynamics of information propagation.
Mutual Asymptotic Fekete Sequences

A sequence of point configurations on a compact complex manifold is asymptotically Fekete if it is close to maximizing a sequence of Vandermonde determinants. These Vandermonde determinants are defined by tensor powers of a Hermitian ample line bundle and the point configurations in the sequence possess good sampling properties with respect to sections of the line bundle. In this paper, given a collection of toric Hermitian ample line bundles, we give necessary and sufficient condition for existence of a sequence of point configurations which is asymptotically Fekete (and hence possess good sampling properties) with respect to each one of the line bundles. When they exist, we also present a way of constructing such sequences. As a byproduct we get a new equidistribution property for maximizers of products of Vandermonde determinants.
Cooperative Beamforming for Wireless Fronthaul and Access Links in Ultra-Dense C-RANs With SWIPT: A First-Order Approach

This work studies multigroup multicasting transmission in cloud radio access networks (C-RANs) with simultaneous wireless information and power transfer where densely packed remote radio heads (RRHs) cooperatively provide information and energy services for information users (IUs) and energy users (EUs) respectively. To maximize the weighted sum rate (WSR) of information services while satisfying the energy harvesting levels at EUs an optimization of joint beamforming design for the fronthaul and access links is formulated which is however neither smooth nor convex and is indeed NP-hard. To tackle this difficulty the smooth and successive convex approximations are used to transform the original problem into a sequence of convex problems and two first-order algorithms are developed to find the initial feasible point and the nearly optimal solution respectively. Moreover an accelerated algorithm is designed to improve the convergence speed by exploiting both Nesterov and heavy-ball momentums. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed first-order algorithms achieve almost the same WSR as that of traditional second-order approaches yet with much lower computational complexity and the proposed scheme outperforms state-of-the-art competing schemes in terms of WSR.
Orbitally selective resonant photodoping to enhance superconductivity

Signatures of superconductivity at elevated temperatures above $T_c$ in high temperature superconductors have been observed near 1/8 hole doping for photoexcitation with infrared or optical light polarized either in the CuO$_2$-plane or along the $c$-axis. While the use of in-plane polarization has been effective for incident energies aligned to specific phonons, $c$-axis laser excitation in a broad range between 5 $\mu$m and 400 nm was found to affect the superconducting dynamics in striped La$_{1.885}$Ba$_{0.115}$CuO$_4$, with a maximum enhancement in the $1/\omega$ dependence to the conductivity observed at 800 nm. This broad energy range, and specifically 800 nm, is not resonant with any phonon modes, yet induced electronic excitations appear to be connected to superconductivity at energy scales well above the typical gap energies in the cuprates. A critical question is what can be responsible for such an effect at 800 nm? Using time-dependent exact diagonalization, we demonstrate that the holes in the CuO$_2$ plane can be photoexcited into the charge reservoir layers at resonant wavelengths within a multi-band Hubbard model. This orbitally selective photoinduced charge transfer effectively changes the in-plane doping level, which can lead to an enhancement of $T_c$ near the 1/8 anomaly.
Workflows Community Summit

topic is to identify challenges faced by workﬂow systems with respect to discovering and interacting with a diverse set of cyberinfrastructure resources and also the difﬁculties authenticating remote connections while adhering to facility policies. The group has discussed several important topics including: (i) Identifying new workﬂow patterns, e.g. motivated from AI workﬂows; (ii) Attaining portability across heterogeneous hardware; (iii) Developing a registry of execution environment information; and (iv) Addressing authentication challenges. The following roadmap milestones were identiﬁed: (i) Document a machine-readable description of the essential properties of widely used sites; and (ii) Document remote authentication requirements from the workﬂow perspective andparticipate in a summit involving workﬂow system developers, end users, authentication technology providers,and facility operators.
Participation of communal cattle farmers in drought risk reduction in Southern Zimbabwe

Communal cattle farming has remained the mainstay of many rural livelihoods in Zimbabwe and beyond. This was an enterprise that has stood the test of time, despite the increasing threats from drought shocks in the last two decades in Southern Africa. Prevalence of weather-related shocks was of concern, which had not galvanised communal farmers to actively engage in disaster risk reduction (DRR) initiatives in order to shield cattle from the negative effects of drought. In light of this development, this article examined the complexities of the involvement of communal farmers in DRR strategies to reduce the risk posed by drought on livestock in rural Umzingwane. This article used Arnstein’s Ladder of Participation to discern and generate insights on ways to promote the involvement of poor or vulnerable farmers or ‘have-nots’ in drought mitigation processes. This study adopted the descriptive survey design with 180 structured questionnaires administered to communal cattle farmers. Besides in-depth interviews, focus group discussions were held to examine the contributions of relevant stakeholders in driving the drought risk reduction agenda involving communal cattle farmers. This study revealed that limited investment options seriously affected farmers’ abilities to participate in drought risk reduction processes. Furthermore, farmers’ low-income levels and lack of well-defined drought risk reduction pathways did not offer the impetus to invest accordingly in drought mitigation. This article accentuated that successful drought risk reduction process were unachievable without the voice of the affected. Hence, development agencies should exceed placation and invest in strategies that propped philosophies of the vulnerable.
Differential Synovial CGRP/RAMP1 Expression in Men and Women With Knee Osteoarthritis

Background Female patients with osteoarthritis report more severe knee pain compared to men. However, the mechanism underlying sex differences in pain remains unclear. We previously found that calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) was expressed in synovial tissue and that this localization may play a role in pain associated with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Several animal studies have shown that the expression of CGRP and its receptor (receptor activity modifying protein 1, RAMP1) differs by sex. Here, we investigated synovial CGRP and RAMP1 expression in male and female patients with KOA. Methods Synovial tissue (ST) was harvested from male and female subjects (n=30 each) with radiographically confirmed unilateral Kellgren/Lawrence grade 3-4 KOA during total knee arthroplasty. Patients’ subjective pain severity was scored on a 0 to 10 cm visual analog scale (VAS). We compared the expression of CGRP and RAMP1 in ST from men and women and examined the correlation between mRNA levels of CGRP and RAMP1 and pain severity. Results Synovial expression of CGRP and RAMP1 was significantly elevated in women compared to men (CGRP, P=0.017; RAMP1, P=0.028). While CGRP expression was positively correlated with pain severity in females (ρ=0.443, P=0.014), no correlation was observed in men (ρ=-0.021, P=0.913). RAMP1 expression was not correlated with pain severity in either men or women (male, ρ=-0.114, P=0.939; female, ρ=-0.047, P=0.807). Conclusion CGRP and RAMP1 expression levels differ between men and women. Differential CGRP levels may suggest the presence of different pain mechanisms in men and women with KOA.
Minimum 10-Year Outcomes of Primary Arthroscopic Transosseous-Equivalent Double-Row Rotator Cuff Repair

Background: Modern rotator cuff repair techniques demonstrate favorable early and midterm outcomes, but long-term results have yet to be reported. Purpose: To determine 10-year outcomes and survivorship after arthroscopic double-row transosseous-equivalent (TOE) rotator cuff repair. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence 4. Methods: The primary TOE rotator cuff repair procedure was performed using either a knotted suture bridge or knotless tape bridge technique on a series of patients with 1 to 3 tendon full-thickness rotator cuff tears involving the supraspinatus. Only patients who were 10 years postsurgery were included. Patient-reported outcomes were collected pre- and postoperatively, including American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES), 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12), Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE), shortened version of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (QuickDASH), and satisfaction. Kaplan-Meier survivorship analysis was performed. Failure was defined as progression to revision surgery. Results: A total of 91 shoulders (56 men, 31 women) were included between October 2005 and December 2009. Mean follow-up was 11.5 years (range, 10.0-14.1 years). Of 91 shoulders, 5 (5.5%) failed and required revision surgery. Patient-reported outcomes for patients who survived were known for 80% (69/86). Outcomes scores at final follow-up were as follows: ASES, 93.1 ± 10.8; SANE, 87.5 ± 14.2; QuickDASH, 11.1 ± 13.5; and SF-12 physical component summary (PCS), 49.2 ± 10.1. There were statistically significant declines in ASES, SANE, and SF-12 PCS from the 5-year to 10-year follow-up, but none of these changes met the minimally clinically important difference threshold. Median satisfaction at final follow-up was 10 (range, 3-10). From this cohort, Kaplan-Meier survivorship demonstrated a 94.4% survival rate at a minimum of 10 years. Conclusion: Arthroscopic TOE rotator cuff repair demonstrates high patient satisfaction and low revision rates at a mean follow-up of 11.5 years. This information may be directly utilized in surgical decision making and preoperative patient counseling regarding the longevity of modern double-row rotator cuff repair.
Brief mindfulness training can mitigate the influence of prior expectations on pain perception

Recent neuroimaging evidence suggests that mindfulness practice may mitigate the biasing influence of prior cognitive and emotional expectations on pain perception. The current study tested this hypothesis using a pain‐cueing paradigm, which has reliably been shown to elicit conditioned hypoalgesic and hyperalgesic effects. Specifically, we aimed to investigate whether the instructed use of a mindfulness compared to a suppression strategy differentially modulates the magnitudes of conditioned hypoalgesia and hyperalgesia.
The assessment of representational risk (ARR): Development and psychometric properties of a new coding system for assessing risk in the parent-infant relationship.

There are few clinically valid tools that can be used to assess potential parent-infant relational risk. This study describes the development and initial validation of the assessment of representational risk (ARR) coding system to be applied to the parent development interview (Slade, A., Aber, J. L., Bresgi, I., Berger, B., & Kaplan, M. (2004). The Parent Development Interview - Revised. Unpublished protocol. New York, NY: The City University of New York. ) for assessing potential risk in caregivers' representations of their infant, themselves as parents, and their relationship. The ARR was developed and validated in three samples in England. A review of the literature informed the selection of 10 items. It had a three-factor structure that was used to inform subscales: hostile, helpless, and narcissistic caregiving representations. The subscales and total risk scores showed good criterion validity for discriminating between high and low risk samples and good concurrent validity with measures of parental psychopathology and parent-infant interaction. The ARR is a potentially valuable coding system for identifying risk in early attachment relationships.
Hypertension and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: position paper by the European Society of Hypertension

Hypertension constitutes a major risk factor for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). HFpEF is a prevalent clinical syndrome with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Specific guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) for HFpEF is not established due to lack of positive outcome data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and limitations of available studies. Although available evidence is limited, control of blood pressure (BP) is widely regarded as central to the prevention and clinical care in HFpEF. Thus, in current guidelines including the 2018 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and European Society of Hypertension (ESH) Guidelines, blockade of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) with either angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers provides the backbone of BP-lowering therapy in hypertensive patients. Although superiority of RAS blockers has not been clearly shown in dedicated RCTs designed for HFpEF, we propose that this core drug treatment strategy is also applicable for hypertensive patients with HFpEF with the addition of some modifications. The latter apply to the use of spironolactone apart from the treatment of resistant hypertension and the use of the angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor. In addition, novel agents such as sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors, currently already indicated for high-risk patients with diabetes to reduce heart failure hospitalizations, and finerenone represent promising therapies and results from ongoing RCTs are eagerly awaited. The development of an effective and practical classification of HFpEF phenotypes and GDMT through dedicated high-quality RCTs are major unmet needs in hypertension research and calls for action.
Child maltreatment and neglect in the United Arab Emirates and relationship with low self-esteem and symptoms of depression

Abstract Objectives To our knowledge, this study is the first in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) to investigate the prevalence of child maltreatment in relation to depressive symptoms and self-esteem. Study design Exposure to physical maltreatment, emotional abuse and neglect was evaluated in 518 adolescents (86% response rate) randomly selected from schools in Al Ain in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. The Rosenberg self-esteem scale and the Beck Depression Inventory were used to measure self-esteem and depressive symptoms by using multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results The mean age of study participants was 14.3 years. Emotional abuse was the most frequent form of maltreatment (33.9%), physical abuse (12.6%) and neglect (12.1%) followed. Male sex was a positive predictor of physical abuse (OR = 2.12; 95% CI 1.18–3.77), whilst higher maternal level of education was protective (OR = 0.40; 95% CI 0.19–0.86). Daily screen time (OR = 2.77; 95% CI 1.17–6.56) and tobacco smoking (OR = 1.86; 95% CI 1.09–3.18) positively predicted emotional abuse. Emotionally maltreated and neglected participants were less likely to report high level of self-esteem and more likely to report symptoms of depression. Conclusions Child maltreatment in the UAE is of a similar magnitude to what reported in other countries around the world and significantly associated with low self-esteem and depressive symptoms.
The Impact of Sex Chromosome Trisomies (XXX, XXY, XYY) on Early Social Cognition: Social Orienting, Joint Attention, and Theory of Mind

Abstract Objective About 1:650–1,000 children are born with an extra X or Y chromosome (XXX; XXY; XYY), which results in a sex chromosome trisomy (SCT). This study aims to cross-sectionally investigate the impact of SCT on early social cognitive skills. Basic orienting toward social cues, joint attention, and theory of mind (ToM) in young children with SCT were evaluated. Method About 105 children with SCT (range: 1–7 years old) were included in this study, as well as 96 age-matched nonclinical controls. Eyetracking paradigms were used to investigate the eye gaze patterns indicative of joint attention skills and orienting to social interactions. The ToM abilities were measured using the subtest ToM of the Developmental NEuroPSYchological Assessment, second edition, neuropsychological test battery. Recruitment and assessment took place in the Netherlands and in the United States. Results Eyetracking results revealed difficulties in children with SCT in social orienting. These difficulties were more pronounced in children aged 3 years and older, and in boys with 47,XYY. Difficulties in joint attention were found over all age groups and karyotypes. Children with SCT showed impairments in ToM (26.3% in the [well] below expected level), increasing with age. These impairments did not differ between karyotypes. Conclusions An impact of SCT on social cognitive abilities was found already at an early age, indicating the need for early monitoring and support of early social cognition. Future research should explore the longitudinal trajectories of social development in order to evaluate the predictive relationships between social cognition and outcome later in life in terms of social functioning and the risk for psychopathology.
Feasibility of mHealth interventions for depressive symptoms in Latin America: a systematic review

Abstract Depression is a prevalent disorder and leading cause of disability in Latin America, where the mental health treatment gap is still above 50%. We sought to synthesise and assess the quality of the evidence on the feasibility of mHealth-based interventions for depression in Latin America. We conducted a literature search of studies published in 2007 and after using four electronic databases. We included peer-reviewed articles, in English, Spanish or Portuguese, that evaluated interventions for depressive symptoms. Two authors independently extracted data using forms developed a priori. We assessed appropriateness of reporting utilising the CONSORT checklist for feasibility trials. Eight manuscripts were included for full data extraction. Appropriate reporting varied greatly. Most (n = 6, 75%) of studies were conducted in primary care settings and sought to deliver psychoeducation or behaviour change interventions for depressive symptoms. We found great heterogeneity in the assessment of feasibility. Two studies used comparator conditions. mHealth research for depression in Latin America is scarce. Included studies showed some feasibility despite methodological inconsistencies. Given the dire need for evidence-based mental health interventions in this region, governments and stakeholders must continue promoting and funding research tailored to cultural and population characteristics with subsequent pragmatic clinical trials.
Solubilities of two kinds of imidazolium ionic liquids for fir powder

Two kinds of ionic liquids,1-(2-hydroxylethyl)-3-methyl imidazolium chloride([HeMIM]Cl)and 1-allyl-3-methyl imidazolium chloride([AMIM]Cl)were synthesized,and the chemical structures of the ionic liquids were confirmed by FT-IR and NMR spectrum.The solubilities of the ionic liquids for fir powder activated with different concentrations of NaOH were studied respectively.The chemical structure and crystalline form of fir powder before and after dissolution were analysed by FT-IR and XRD.It showed that the ionic liquids all had a good solubility for cellulose in activated fir powder,and the solubility of [HeMIM]Cl was better than that of [AMIM]Cl.When the concentration of NaOH to activate fir powder was 25%,the solubility was the best,and the crystallinity of the regenerated cellulose after dissolution decreased.