Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Innovative methodology for the development of operational management standards in the hotel business

The object of the study is the role of corporate standards in increasing the effectiveness of service quality management in the hotel sector. The work is aimed at clarifying and expanding the theoretical and methodological provisions of service quality management in the field of hospitality, for which it is necessary to propose a toolkit for the development and implementation of corporate standards, and to develop recommendations for improving the effectiveness of service quality management. In the course of the study, logical approaches to the analysis and development of ways to improve the efficiency of service quality management in the field of hospitality based on corporate standards were used. The work specifies the terminological apparatus, substantiates the role and relevance of corporate standards in hotel service. The goals, tasks, functions and structure of corporate standards are analyzed. The types and distinctive features of corporate standards are established. The prerequisites for the wide application of standards in the field of hospitality are substantiated, in particular, the close connection of the quality of service with the work of the staff, the wide application of the chain form of the organization of the hotel business, the 24-hour mode of operation of hotel enterprises, the high role of operational management and high staff turnover. A toolkit for the development and implementation of corporate standards is proposed. The role of the process approach in the development of service standards is substantiated. A list of service standards for a hotel enterprise is proposed. Recommendations for improving the efficiency of service quality management based on corporate standards in the field of hospitality have been developed. A conclusion was made about the high role and effectiveness of using corporate standards as a service management tool in the field of hospitality. Mechanisms for the introduction and implementation of corporate standards have been developed. It is also important, that the list of standards of operational procedures becomes the basis for evaluating the results of the staff's activities, which plays a role in the motivational programs of the hotel enterprise.
Observations of > 100‐keV protons in the Earth's magnetosheath

Bursts of energetic protons, 100--1300 keV, were observed on Ogo 5 in the magnetosheath and upstream wave region beyond the earth's bow shock during periods of generally enhanced solar and magnetic activity in 1968. From these data, a comprehensive study of energetic protons in the magnetosheath is presented. These magnetosheath protons are found to be directional with the peak flux directed downstream. Typical downstream-to-upstream flux ratios are from 10/1 to 20/1 in most regions but often as great as 100/1 near the afternoon magnetopause. The fluxes correlate roughly with magnetic activity. The downstream flux can be expressed as j (>100 keV) =500 x 10/sup 0/. /sup 412//cm/sup 2/ sr s to about an order of magnitude. Peak unidirectional fluxes near the magnetopause are often similar in spectra and intensity to the peak intensities of trapped fluxes in the nearby magnetosphere. Enhanced proton fluxes occur in the sheath in correlation with depressions in the sheath magnetic field and in correlation with enhanced turbulence. Often at such times, magnetopause boundary layer effects are observed. Energetic proton bursts are also observed in the upstream wave region beyond the shock, predominately on the morning side of the earth. They correlate well with the wave observations;more » however, on occasion, they are offset as much as 10 min in time. Directional observations indicate downstream-to-upstream directed flux ratios of 10/1 as being typical of the upstream wave region. The directional anisotropies in both the sheath and the upstream wave regions are largely explained by combinations of the Compton-Getting effect, proton flux spatial gradients, and the free streaming of protons along field lines from an upstream source region. Possible sources of the energetic magnetosheath protons are magnetospheric escape or the energization of low-energy protons in the magnetosheath, shock, and/or upstream wave region. No strong preference is ascribed to any one source. (AIP)« less
Mechanism of proton anisotropic velocity distribution in the solar wind

Although it has been long that spacecraft observed the anisotropy of velocity protons in the solar wind, there is still not a reasonable explanation. In this paper we try to give an explanation from the diffusion plateau of proton cyclotron resonance predicted by the quasi-linear theory for the resonance between the protons and the parallel propagating waves. We consider the effect of dispersion relation on diffusion plateau and notice that the diffusion plateau we have got by using cold plasma dispersion relation accords with the density contours in the velocity phase space detected at 0.3 AU in fast solar wind. For explaining proton distributions obtained in the fast solar wind from 0.7 AU to 1 AU hot plasma dispersion relation should be considered. We also give a theoretical relation of proton thermal anisotropyA and plasma parameter β.
Novel approach to multispectral image compression on the Internet

Still image coding techniques such as JPEG have been always applied onto intra-plane images. Coding fidelity is always utilized in measuring the performance of intra-plane coding methods. In many imaging applications, it is more and more necessary to deal with multi-spectral images, such as the color images. In this paper, a novel approach to multi-spectral image compression is proposed by using transformations among planes for further compression of spectral planes. Moreover, a mechanism of introducing human visual system to the transformation is provided for exploiting the psycho visual redundancy. The new technique for multi-spectral image compression, which is designed to be compatible with the JPEG standard, is demonstrated on extracting correlation among planes based on human visual system. A high measure of compactness in the data representation and compression can be seen with the power of the scheme taken into account.
Terrestrial atmospheric effects induced by counterstreaming dense interstellar cloud material

The Solar System during its life has travelled more than 10 times through dense interstellar clouds with particle concentrations of 10 2 -10 3 cm -3 and more, compressing the heliosphere to heliopause dimensions smaller than 1 AU and thus bringing the Earth in immediate contact with the interstellar matter. For cloud concentrations greater than of 10 2 cm -3 , the flowing interstellar material even at the Earth's orbit remains completely shielded from solar wind protons and would only be subject to solar photoionization processes. We have developed a 2D-two-fluid gas-dynamical numerical code to describe the hydrodynamical behavior of the incoming interstellar gas near the Earth, taking into account both the photoionization and the gravity of the Sun. As we show, the resulting strongly increased neutral hydrogen fluxes ranging from 10 9 to 10 11 cm -2 s -1 cause substantial changes in the terrestrial atmosphere. During the phase of the immersion into the cloud the resulting flux of neutral hydrogen incident on the terrestrial atmosphere in the steady state would be balanced by the upward escape flux of H-atoms and the downward flux of water molecules, which is the product of the atmospheric hydrogen-oxygen chemistry via even-odd reaction schemes. In that case hydrogen acts as a chemical agent to remove oxygen atoms and to cause ozone concentration reductions above 50 km by a factor of 1.5 at the stratopause to about a factor of 1000 and more at the mesopause. Thus, depending on the specific encounter parameters the high mixing ratio of hydrogen in the Earth's atmosphere may substantially decrease the ozone concentration in the mesosphere and may trigger an ice age of relatively long duration.
Pyrolysis of Waste Tires: A Review

Waste tires are known as “black pollution”, which is difficult to degrade. The safe handling and recycling of waste tires have always been the focus of and difficulty for the global rubber industry. Pyrolysis can not only solve the problem of environmental pollution but also completely treat the waste tires and recover valuable pyrolysis products. This paper summarizes research progress on the pyrolysis of waste tires, including the pyrolysis mechanism; the important factors affecting the pyrolysis of waste tires (pyrolysis temperature and catalysts); and the composition, properties, and applications of the three kinds of pyrolysis products. The composition and yield of pyrolysis products can be regulated by pyrolysis temperature and catalysts, and pyrolysis products can be well used in many industrial occasions after different forms of post-treatment.
AERODYNAMICS OF SMALL VEHICLES

▪ Abstract In this review we describe the aerodynamic problems that must be addressed in order to design a successful small aerial vehicle. The effects of Reynolds number and aspect ratio (AR) on the design and performance of fixed-wing vehicles are described. The boundary-layer behavior on airfoils is especially important in the design of vehicles in this flight regime. The results of a number of experimental boundary-layer studies, including the influence of laminar separation bubbles, are discussed. Several examples of small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in this regime are described. Also, a brief survey of analytical models for oscillating and flapping-wing propulsion is presented. These range from the earliest examples where quasi-steady, attached flow is assumed, to those that account for the unsteady shed vortex wake as well as flow separation and aeroelastic behavior of a flapping wing. Experiments that complemented the analysis and led to the design of a successful ornithopter are also described.
Luck or Cheating? A Field Experiment on Honesty with Children

We ran an experiment with children to study the development of honesty with age. We asked each child to toss a fair coin in private and to record the outcome (white or black) in a paper sheet. We rewarded only those who reported white. We found a fraction of reported whites signifi cantly larger than 50%, uniformly across age groups. This suggests that some children cheat when cheating is profi table and they are not observed. In a second treatment we told children not to cheat. This reminder reduced the probability of reporting white by 18% on average, and signifi cantly more in girls.
Dendrimers and Derivatives as Multifunctional Nanotherapeutics for Alzheimer’s Disease

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of dementia. It affects more than 30 million people worldwide and costs over US$ 1.3 trillion annually. AD is characterized by the brain accumulation of amyloid β peptide in fibrillar structures and the accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau aggregates in neurons, both leading to toxicity and neuronal death. At present, there are only seven drugs approved for the treatment of AD, of which only two can slow down cognitive decline. Moreover, their use is only recommended for the early stages of AD, meaning that the major portion of AD patients still have no disease-modifying treatment options. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop efficient therapies for AD. In this context, nanobiomaterials, and dendrimers in particular, offer the possibility of developing multifunctional and multitargeted therapies. Due to their intrinsic characteristics, dendrimers are first-in-class macromolecules for drug delivery. They have a globular, well-defined, and hyperbranched structure, controllable nanosize and multivalency, which allows them to act as efficient and versatile nanocarriers of different therapeutic molecules. In addition, different types of dendrimers display antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-viral, anti-prion, and most importantly for the AD field, anti-amyloidogenic properties. Therefore, dendrimers can not only be excellent nanocarriers, but also be used as drugs per se. Here, the outstanding properties of dendrimers and derivatives that make them excellent AD nanotherapeutics are reviewed and critically discussed. The biological properties of several dendritic structures (dendrimers, derivatives, and dendrimer-like polymers) that enable them to be used as drugs for AD treatment will be pointed out and the chemical and structural characteristics behind those properties will be analysed. The reported use of these nanomaterials as nanocarriers in AD preclinical research is also presented. Finally, future perspectives and challenges that need to be overcome to make their use in the clinic a reality are discussed.
Intrusion Detection-Data Security Protection Scheme Based on Particle Swarm-BP Network Algorithm in Cloud Computing Environment

Aiming at the problems of low detection rate and high false detection rate of intrusion detection algorithms in the traditional cloud computing environment, an intrusion detection-data security protection scheme based on particle swarm-BP network algorithm in a cloud computing environment is proposed. First, based on the four modules of data collection, data preprocessing, feature selection, and intrusion detection, the overall framework of the intrusion detection model is constructed by designing corresponding functions. Then, by introducing the decision tree algorithm, the overfitting is reduced and the data processing speed of the model is improved, and on this basis, the feature selection is carried out through the “gain rate” optimization method, which reduces the redundant information of the feature vector. Finally, by introducing the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm into the optimization of the initial weights and thresholds of the BP neural network, the BP neural network is improved based on the momentum factor and adaptive learning rate, and the high detection rate and low false detection rate are realized. Through simulation experiments, the proposed intrusion detection method and the other three methods are compared and analyzed under the same conditions. The results show that the detection rate and false detection rate of the method proposed in this paper are the best under five different types of sample data, the highest detection rate reaches 95.72%, and the lowest false detection rate drops to 2.03%. The performance of the proposed algorithm is better than that of the other two comparison algorithms.
Quiet quitting: relationship with other concepts and implications for tourism and hospitality

Purpose While quiet quitting is not an entirely new phenomenon, no published research has examined its relationship to existing concepts from a human resource management and organizational behavior perspective. Therefore, this study is a critical reflection that aims to demonstrate the relationship of quiet quitting with concepts researchers in tourism and hospitality have extensively used to study related phenomena. Design/methodology/approach Gray literature was mobilized to capture the momentum of this new phenomenon, whereas scholarly research was reviewed to identify existing concepts associated with quiet quitting and suggest directions for theory-building and empirical research. Findings In its contemporary form, quiet quitting mostly resonates with younger employees, due to the drastic changes in workplaces following the COVID-19 pandemic. While quiet quitting closely resembles collective industrial action such as “work to rule” and “acting one’s wage,” it also has a psychological dimension, and can be understood through concepts such as work withdrawal, employee cynicism, and silence. Multiple theories and concepts are proposed to facilitate the conceptualization and operationalization of quiet quitting (e.g. organizational citizenship behavior, social exchange, psychological contract, organizational justice, conflict theory, equity theory, two-factor theory, job demands-resources and conservation of resources theories). Practical implications This research provides practical suggestions to managers in tourism and hospitality to prevent the occurrence of quiet quitting in the first place, as well as effectively handling it once it occurs. Originality/value Studies addressing quiet quitting are rare. This paper attempts to synthesize diverse concepts and theories associated with quiet quitting to understand its meaning, potential causes and to suggest avenues for future research.
Composite Optimization With Coupling Constraints via Penalized Proximal Gradient Method in Asynchronous Networks

In this article, we consider a composite optimization problem with linear coupling constraints in a multiagent network. In this problem, the agents cooperatively optimize a strongly convex cost function, which is the linear sum of individual cost functions composed of smooth and possibly nonsmooth components. To solve this problem, we propose an asynchronous penalized proximal gradient (Asyn-PPG) algorithm, a variant of classical proximal gradient method, with the presence of the asynchronous updates of the agents and uniform communication delays in the network. Specifically, we consider a slot-based asynchronous network, where the whole time domain is split into sequential time slots and each agent is permitted to execute multiple updates during a slot by accessing the historical state information of the agents. By the Asyn-PPG algorithm, an explicit convergence rate can be guaranteed based on deterministic analysis. The feasibility of the proposed algorithm is verified by solving a consensus-based distributed regression problem and a social welfare optimization problem in the electricity market.
A silicon-based nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) quantum computer using resonant transfer of a single electron for the inter-qubit interaction

A new NMR quantum computer scheme based on semiconductor nanostructures is discussed theoretically. We also propose using an infrared laser as a new independent instrument for manipulating qubits. Methods of single- and many-qubit gate realization are discussed. Resonant transfer of the electron to several quantum dots helps in implementing complex many-qubit gates. The energy spectrum of the spin-qubit system is obtained. This variant of a quantum computer is simpler to control and more coherent. The distance between qubits and hence the structural requirements are more achievable using modern nanotechnology.
Robust control of a brushless servo motor via sliding mode techniques

Robust control of a synchronous machine via sliding mode techniques is tackled in some detail. Such control laws are well suited for the electric power converter. However, high frequency commutations are avoided due to the mechanical systems. Various recent schemes are studied and operated to derive control solutions which are technically feasible. Robustness is studied with respect to rotor flux uncertainties and to stator resistance which varies with the temperature of the motor.
Effect of Nucleation Cavities on Enhanced Boiling Heat Transfer in Microchannels

ABSTRACT Boiling instabilities, high temperatures of the onset of boiling (ONB), and early transition to dryout are some of the insufficiently resolved issues of flow boiling in microchannels. This article addresses the flow boiling challenges with the incorporation of flow restrictors to reduce the boiling instabilities and hinder vapor backflows. In addition, the temperature of the ONB was lowered and the heat transfer coefficient was increased during boiling with the fabrication of potential nucleation cavities in the microchannel walls and bottom. Experiments were conducted with degassed double-distilled water in arrays of microchannels with the hydraulic diameter ranging from 25 to 80 µm, whereas the nucleation cavities characteristic sizes varied from 2 to 12 µm. The temperatures of the ONB were up to 35 K lower in the microchannel array with properly sized nucleation cavities compared to arrays of microchannels, in which the etched nucleation cavities were less suitable. The combined effect of fabricated nucleation cavities and interconnected microchannels increased the heat transfer coefficient from three to 10 times depending on the size of the etched nucleation cavities and the transferred heat flux in the microchannel arrays.
Combining Copper and Zinc into a Biosensor for Anti-Chemoresistance and Achieving Osteosarcoma Therapeutic Efficacy

Due to its built-up chemoresistance after prolonged usage, the demand for replacing platinum in metal-based drugs (MBD) is rising. The first MBD approved by the FDA for cancer therapy was cisplatin in 1978. Even after nearly four and a half decades of trials, there has been no significant improvement in osteosarcoma (OS) therapy. In fact, many MBD have been developed, but the chemoresistance problem raised by platinum remains unresolved. This motivates us to elucidate the possibilities of the copper and zinc (CuZn) combination to replace platinum in MBD. Thus, the anti-chemoresistance properties of CuZn and their physiological functions for OS therapy are highlighted. Herein, we summarise their chelators, main organic solvents, and ligand functions in their structures that are involved in anti-chemoresistance properties. Through this review, it is rational to discuss their ligands’ roles as biosensors in drug delivery systems. Hereafter, an in-depth understanding of their redox and photoactive function relationships is provided. The disadvantage is that the other functions of biosensors cannot be elaborated on here. As a result, this review is being developed, which is expected to intensify OS drugs with higher cure rates. Nonetheless, this advancement intends to solve the major chemoresistance obstacle towards clinical efficacy.
Application and progress of blood flow restriction training in improving muscle mass and strength in the elderly

As an emerging training method, blood flow restriction training has been proved to promote the growth of muscle mass and strength. In recent years, it has been gradually applied in different populations. However, there are few studies on how blood flow restriction training affects muscle mass and strength in the elderly. The relevant literature is compiled and summarized in this study. Through the comparison of blood flow restriction training with traditional training methods and its application in the elderly, it shows that blood flow restriction training can effectively increase muscle mass and strength, prevent muscle atrophy, improve cardiopulmonary function, facilitate injury and postoperative rehabilitation, and intervene in related degenerative diseases as a training method suitable for the elderly,. The main mechanism of blood flow restriction training promoting muscle mass and strength growth is metabolic stress response, including muscle fiber recruitment, protein synthesis signal pathway activation, hormone secretion, etc., and is also related to cell swelling caused by pressure. At present, although the application of blood flow restriction training in the elderly population is increasing, there is a lack of personalized programs. In the future, more research on the dose effect and safety of blood flow restriction training is needed to develop more accurate personalized training programs.