Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cross-cultural nuances in sarcasm comprehension: a comparative study of Chinese and American perspectives

It is evident that sarcasm can be interpreted differently due to various factors, However, rare research was conducted to investigate the influence of national culture on sarcasm comprehension despite its valuable theoretical implication. This study used an online rating task to explore how national culture impacts the comprehension of sarcasm, focusing on the differences between Chinese and American cultural values (i.e., power distance, uncertainty avoidance, collectivism, long-term orientation, and masculinity) and their influence on comprehending sarcastic praise and criticism. The study showed that Chinese participants tend to understand sarcasm less than Americans. It also found that Power Distance is linked to better sarcasm comprehension in both cultures, while Uncertainty Avoidance has a negative effect on it, especially in Chinese participants. Collectivism is also associated with improved sarcasm comprehension, especially in Chinese participants. However, Masculinity and Long-Term Orientation do not seem to have a significant impact on sarcasm comprehension, regardless of nationality or the type of comment (praise or criticism). Overall, the study reveals nuanced differences in how cultural values shape the comprehension of sarcasm in Chinese and American contexts, underscoring the complex interplay between culture and communication.
Electrical Characteristics of H-Diamond Transistors With ZrO2/Zr Stacked Dielectrics Deposited by Electron Beam Evaporation

Enhancement mode diamond field-effect transistors with large threshold voltage and low leakage current are highly in demand for low-power electronics. In this article, hydrogen-terminated diamond (H-diamond) transistors with ZrO2/Zr stacked dielectrics deposited by electron beam (EB) evaporation were demonstrated. The threshold voltages boosted from −0.4 to −2.5 V with gate length increasing from 2 to <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$8~\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, indicating the normally- OFF operation. The OFF-state leakage current of 10−8 mA/mm and gate–source leakage current density of about <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$10^{-{7}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> A/cm2 were acquired both for 6- and 8-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> gate length devices. Additionally, the ON/OFF ratio and subthreshold swing (SS) for the device with a 6-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> gate length were deduced to be <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$10^{{9}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and 128 mV/decade, respectively. The maximum drain current density increases with the gate length shortens and reaches up to −74 mA/mm for the device with a 2-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> gate length. These performances suggest that the EB method is applicable to fabricate the ZrO2/Zr gate for realizing normally- OFF H-diamond FETs.
Biological activity comparison between ciprofloxacin loaded to silica nanoparticles and silver nanoparticles for the inhibition of Brucella melitensis

Background and Aim: Brucella melitensis is responsible for brucellosis, a highly contagious, life-threatening disease that has a high impact in low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to compare silica nanoparticles (SiO-NPs) loaded with ciprofloxacin with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) loaded with ciprofloxacin to evaluate the possible replacement of silver by silica to enhance biological activity and reduce cytotoxicity. Materials and Methods: SiO-NPs and AgNPs loaded with ciprofloxacin were characterized using ultraviolet spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and dynamic light scattering microscopy for size demonstration and loading efficiency. Both nanoparticles were treated with B. melitensis Rev 1 to evaluate their biological activity. Nanoparticle toxicity was also evaluated using cytotoxicity and hemolysis assays. Results: SiO-NP was found to have a smaller size (80 nm) and higher loading efficiency with polydispersity index and zeta potential of 0.43 and 30.7 mV, respectively, compared to Ag-NP (180 nm and 0.62 and 28.3 mV, respectively). SiO-NP was potent with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.043 μg/mL compared to Ag-NP (0.049 μg/mL), with a lower cytotoxicity and hemolysis activity. Conclusion: SiO-NP, as a drug delivery system for ciprofloxacin, has better antimicrobial activity against B. melitensis with lower cytotoxicity and hemolysis activity. These results can be attributed to the enhanced physical characterization and better loading efficiency when compared to Ag-NP. Keywords: antimicrobial activity, brucellosis, minimum inhibitory concentration, nanoparticles.
Monitoring the Use of Human Milk, the Ideal Food for Very Low-Birth-Weight Infants—A Narrative Review

Aware of the utmost importance of feeding premature babies—especially those of lower weight—with human milk, as well as the need to monitor this important element of neonatal care, we focused on four aspects in this review. First of all, we reviewed the beneficial effects of feeding premature infants with breast milk in the short and long term. Secondly, we performed a quantitative evaluation of the rates of breastfeeding and feeding with human milk in Very-Low-Birth-Weight infants (VLBWs) during hospitalization in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) and at discharge. Our aim was to take a snapshot of the current status of human milk-feeding care and track its trends over time. Then we analyzed, on the one hand, factors that have been proven to facilitate the use of maternal milk and, on the other hand, the risk factors of not feeding with breast milk. We also considered the spread of human milk banking so as to assess the availability of donated milk for the most vulnerable category of premature babies. Finally, we proposed a protocol designed as a tool for the systematic monitoring of actions that could be planned and implemented in NICUs in order to achieve the goal of feeding even more VLBWs with human milk.
Management of Donkeys in Assisted Interventions: A Snapshot

Simple Summary The donkey, along with the dog and the horse, is one of the species most involved in Animal-Assisted Interventions (AAIs). The stoic nature of this species, combined with the working requirements of Animal-Assisted Interventions, mean that the welfare of donkeys involved in such activities needs to be monitored and protected. This article reports information about the management of donkeys housed in six different facilities with varying degrees of experience in Donkey-Assisted Interventions in Northern Italy and emphasizes the preventive value of proper animal management in safeguarding donkey’s welfare. Abstract People working in the field of Animal-Assisted Interventions (AAIs) often state that they perceive animal welfare as a matter of paramount importance; nevertheless, most scientific literature focuses on the effectiveness of interventions from the user’s perspective. Before focusing on the animals’ management and welfare during their interactions with users, it is important to ensure animal welfare during their “ordinary lives”. This article reports information and considerations about the management of donkeys involved in AAIs in Northern Italy. Six facilities with several years of experience in Donkey-Assisted Interventions were visited for the purpose of an initial data collection regarding the management of donkeys involved in AAIs. Some knowledge gaps regarding the nutritional needs of the donkey and its preventive medicine have been identified; this study also highlighted a need for efforts to create a more stimulating and enriched environment for animals involved in AAIs. Some possible areas for improvement in the management of donkeys involved in AAIs have been highlighted. Further studies are necessary to provide a more comprehensive picture of the welfare of donkeys involved in this context.
Spatial Heterogeneity of b Values in Northeastern Tibetan Plateau and Its Interpretation

The northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau (NE Tibetan Plateau) exhibits active geological structures and has experienced multiple strong earthquakes, with M ≥ 7, throughout history. Particularly noteworthy is the 1920 M81/2 earthquake in the Haiyuan region that occurred a century ago and is documented as one of the deadliest earthquakes. Consequently, analyzing seismic risks in the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau holds significant importance. The b value, a crucial parameter for seismic activity, plays a pivotal role in seismic hazard analyses. This study calculates the spatial b values in this region based on earthquake catalogs since 1970. The study area encompasses several major active faults, and due to variations in b values across different fault types, traditional grid-search methods may introduce significant errors in calculating the spatial b value within complex fault systems. To address this, we employed the hierarchical space–time point–process (HIST-PPM) method proposed by Ogata. This method avoids partitioning earthquake samples, optimizes parameters using Akaike’s Bayesian Information Criterion (ABIC) with entropy maximization, and theoretically allows for a higher spatial resolution and more accurate b value calculations. The results indicate a high spatial heterogeneity in b values within the study area. The northwestern and southeastern regions exhibit higher b values. Along the Haiyuan fault zone, the central rupture zone of the Haiyuan earthquake has relatively higher b values than other regions of this fault zone, which is possibly related to the sufficient release of stress during the main rupture of the Haiyuan earthquake. The b values vary from high in the west to low in the east along the Zhongwei fault. On the West Qinling fault zone, the epicenter of the recent Minxian–Zhangxian earthquake is associated with a low b value. In general, regions with low b values correspond well to areas with moderate–strong seismic events in the past 50 years. The spatial differences in b values may reflect variances in seismic hazards among fault zones and regions within the same fault zone.
Hyporheic zone influences on concentration‐discharge relationships in a headwater sandstone stream

Complex subsurface flow dynamics impact the storage, routing, and transport of water and solutes to streams in headwater catchments. Many of these hydrogeologic processes are indirectly reflected in observations of stream chemistry responses to rain events, also known as concentration‐discharge (CQ) relations. Identifying the relative importance of subsurface flows to stream CQ relationships is often challenging in headwater environments due to spatial and temporal variability. Therefore, this study combines a diverse set of methods, including tracer injection tests, cation exchange experiments, geochemical analyses, and numerical modeling, to map groundwater‐surface water interactions along a first‐order, sandstone stream (Garner Run) in the Appalachian Mountains of central Pennsylvania. The primary flow paths to the stream include preferential flow through the unsaturated zone (“interflow”), flow discharging from a spring, and groundwater discharge. Garner Run stream inherits geochemical signatures from geochemical reactions occurring along each of these flow paths. In addition to end‐member mixing effects on CQ, we find that the exchange of solutes, nutrients, and water between the hyporheic zone and the main stream channel is a relevant control on the chemistry of Garner Run. CQ relationships for Garner Run were compared to prior results from a nearby headwater catchment overlying shale bedrock (Shale Hills). At the sandstone site, solutes associated with organo‐mineral associations in the hyporheic zone influence CQ, while CQ trends in the shale catchment are affected by preferential flow through hillslope swales. The difference in CQ trends document how the lithology and catchment hydrology control CQ relationships.
Inflammation as the nexus: exploring the link between acute myocardial infarction and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), particularly following acute exacerbations (AE-COPD), significantly heightens the risks and mortality associated with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The intersection of COPD and AMI is characterised by a considerable overlap in inflammatory mechanisms, which play a crucial role in the development of both conditions. Although extensive research has been conducted on individual inflammatory pathways in AMI and COPD, the understanding of thrombo-inflammatory crosstalk in comorbid settings remains limited. The effectiveness of various inflammatory components in reducing AMI infarct size or slowing COPD progression has shown promise, yet their efficacy in the context of comorbidity with COPD and AMI is not established. This review focuses on the critical importance of both local and systemic inflammation, highlighting it as a key pathophysiological connection between AMI and COPD/AE-COPD.
User Interface Design: Applying Heuristics for Improved Usability

It is critical that human computer interaction and product designers consider their audiences when designing and building user interfaces (UIs). To facilitate effective design of user interfaces (UIs), a course module and report assignment were developed to help students learn about effective UI design. The main goal of this paper is to describe a major graded assignment in this module — the UI Design Report — in depth and discuss its success. The assignment takes place in a three-week UI course module in a required junior level, communication and engineering design course in the Department of Human Centered Design & Engineering in the College of Engineering at the University of Washington. Outcomes were qualitatively assessed by examining samples of students’ reports versus requirements and students’ reflections on the module and report assignment. Outcomes have been positive and reveal that students gain an understanding of effective UI design and the important role of UI designers, and the impact of UI design on society. Educators from a multitude of disciplines that intersect with human computer interaction can use this assignment in helping design products and services with which users interact
A Review of Research on Knowledge Network Cohesion

The element of knowledge is always one of the core elements of enterprise innovation. With the development of science and technology innovation, the demand for high-quality innovation increases, and scholars at home and abroad gradually realize the role of knowledge management on innovation. Knowledge network cohesion can reflect the characteristics of enterprise knowledge, to better help people carry out knowledge management. Therefore, this paper discusses the conceptual connotation and dimensional division of knowledge network cohesion by summarizing the research related to knowledge network cohesion, with a view to expanding the relevant theoretical derivation of knowledge management.
Magnetic propelled hydrogel microrobots for actively enhancing the efficiency of lycorine hydrochloride to suppress colorectal cancer

Research and development in the field of micro/nano-robots have made significant progress in the past, especially in the field of clinical medicine, where further research may lead to many revolutionary achievements. Through the research and experiment of microrobots, a controllable drug delivery system will be realized, which will solve many problems in drug treatment. In this work, we design and study the ability of magnetic-driven hydrogel microrobots to carry Lycorine hydrochloride (LH) to inhibit colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. We have successfully designed a magnetic field driven, biocompatible drug carrying hydrogel microsphere robot with Fe3O4 particles inside, which can achieve magnetic field response, and confirmed that it can transport drug through fluorescence microscope. We have successfully demonstrated the motion mode of hydrogel microrobots driven by a rotating external magnetic field. This driving method allows the microrobots to move in a precise and controllable manner, providing tremendous potential for their use in various applications. Finally, we selected drug LH and loaded it into the hydrogel microrobot for a series of experiments. LH significantly inhibited CRC cells proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner. LH inhibited the proliferation, mobility of CRC cells and induced apoptosis. This delivery system can significantly improve the therapeutic effect of drugs on tumors.
Effect of nanoporous membranes thickness in electrochemical biosensing performance: application for the detection of a wound infection biomarker

Introduction: Nanoporous alumina membranes present a honeycomb-like structure characterized by two main parameters involved in their performance in electrochemical immunosening: pore diameter and pore thickness. Although this first one has been deeply studied, the effect of pore thickness in electrochemical-based nanopore immunosensors has been less taken into consideration. Methods: In this work, the influence of the thickness of nanoporous membranes in the steric blockage is studied for the first time, through the formation of an immunocomplex in their inner walls. Finally, the optimal nanoporous membranes were applied to the detection of catalase, an enzyme related with chronic wound infection and healing. Results: Nanoporous alumina membranes with a fixed pore diameter (60 nm) and variable pore thicknesses (40, 60, 100 μm) have been constructed and evaluated as immunosensing platform for protein detection. Our results show that membranes with a thickness of 40 μm provide a higher sensitivity and lower limit-of-detection (LOD) compared to thicker membranes. This performance is even improved when compared to commercial membranes (with 20 nm pore diameter and 60 μm pore thickness), when applied for human IgG as model analyte. A label-free immunosensor using a monoclonal antibody against anti-catalase was also constructed, allowing the detection of catalase in the range of 50–500 ng/mL and with a LOD of 1.5 ng/mL. The viability of the constructed sensor in real samples was also tested by spiking artificial wound infection solutions, providing recovery values of 110% and 118%. Discussion: The results obtained in this work evidence the key relevance of the nanochannel thickness in the biosensing performance. Such findings will illuminate nanoporous membrane biosensing research, considering thickness as a relevant parameter in electrochemical-based nanoporous membrane sensors.
A Simultaneous Wireless Power and Coil Inductance Insensitive Data Transfer System for Rotary Structures

This article proposes a simultaneous wireless power and coil inductance-insensitive data transfer system for rotary structures. Power and data are transferred simultaneously via a pair of coupled coils, adopting frequency division multiplexing technology. The data carrier is injected into and extracted from the power transfer channel by inductors connected serially with the coupled coils and by multiplexing the compensation networks of the power transfer channel. The transfer gain of the data transfer channel is insensitive to the inductances of the coupled coils within a certain interval. LCLC compensation topology is proposed to realize constant voltage output and to filter the high-order harmonics out of the power transfer channel, reducing the total harmonic distortion and creating a favorable condition for simultaneous data transfer. The circuit model is built to analyze the power and data transfer performance, and the complex-frequency-domain model of the system is established to analyze the responses of power interference. Finally, the feasibility of the technology proposed is verified by a 300 W prototype with a data rate of 40 kbps.
Tea intake and total body bone mineral density of all ages: a Mendelian randomization analysis

Background There is increasing evidence indicating that tea intake affects bone mineral density levels; however, the causality between tea intake and bone mineral density is inconclusive. This study aimed to assess the causal relationship between tea intake and total body bone mineral density (TB-BMD) through two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Methods We conducted a two-sample MR approach to estimate the potential causal effects of tea intake on TB-BMD at all ages in a European population. The analyses were performed using summary statistics obtained for single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), identified from a genome-wide association meta-analysis of tea intake (N = up to 447,485 individuals) and from the GEnetic Factors for OSteoporosis (GEFOS) Consortium’s genome-wide association meta-analysis (N = up to 56,284 individuals), with baseline data collected in 2018 and populations derived from the European ancestry. The association between each SNP and TB-BMD was weighted by its association with tea intake, and estimates were combined mainly using an inverse-variance weighted meta-analysis. In addition, we explored the potential causal effects between green tea intake, herbal tea intake, and TB-BMD. Results The MR analysis revealed that genetically determined tea intake exerts a causal impact on TB-BMD, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.204 (95% CI: 1.062–1.366, p = 0.004), especially in the age group of 45–60 years (OR = 1.360, 95% CI: 1.088–1.700, p = 0.007). No horizontal pleiotropy and heterogeneity were observed. However, there was no causal effect of tea intake on TB-BMD in the age groups of 0–15, 15–30, 30–45, and over 60 years. In the subgroup analysis, when green tea intake was regarded as the exposure factor, no salient associations were found between green tea consumption and TB-BMD (IVW p = 0.368). Similarly, there was also no causal association between herbal tea intake and TB-BMD (IVW p = 0.264). Conclusion The findings of this study support the evidence that tea consumption increases bone density and reduces the risk of osteoporosis in the age group of 45–60 years within the European population.
Empirical Modeling and Analysis of Process Parameters in Laser Beam Cutting Process

The research has been originated based on the persuasive applications of Lasers in the field of various engineering industries, i.e., Aerospace, Automobile, Electronic and Heavy manufacturing industries to machine a variety of metals and alloys. Out of all the machining processes available, Laser Beam Machining is considered to be the best one, because of the following advantages, i.e., quick material removal, non-contact, non-wearing tool, involves highly localized heat input to the work piece, reduces distortion, and offers no tool wear, diminishes tendency of cracking. The present paper focused mainly on developing the empirical relationships between the input process parameters and the output responses in Laser beam cutting process. Laser power, Cutting Speed, Gas pressure and Focal distance are the input process parameters. The output responses considered are related to the quality of cut. Surface roughness is the first output responses considered and the second one is Burr height. Total number of experiments carried out is 27 based on the Taguchi Design of Experiments. Haste alloy C276 is the work material. Response Surface Methodology is applied for the Experimental data of 31 samples to derive the empirical relationships. Later ANOVA analysis is also carried out to check the adequacy of the derived equations. Based on the ANOVA analysis, the models are classified as significant or not significant. Further the significant models can be used for optimizing the Laser beam cutting process. Once the process is optimized, it can be automated, so that the process can be run very efficiently and economically.