Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Human Health Risk Assessment from Mercury-Contaminated Soil and Water in Abu Hamad Mining Market, Sudan

Artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) poses a significant global threat due to mercury emissions and resulting health hazards. This study focuses on assessing these risks in the Abu Hamad ASGM community in Sudan. Utilizing the Mercury Analyzer 3000 (NIC), analyses of twelve soil samples (including one tailings sample) and seven water samples revealed the highest concentrations near amalgam burning locations: 34.8 mg/kg in soil (S06) and 3.26 µg/L in water (W03). Concentrations decrease with distance, with soil near burning exceeding tailings (S05 = 19.0 mg/kg). Hazard quotients indicate mercury vapor inhalation as the primary exposure route from soil, with the Hazard Index reaching 5.34 for adults and 33.4 for children close to amalgam burning sites. Water samples generally pose little risk except for W03, where children face potential danger via ingestion (HI = 1.74). These findings emphasize the urgent need for adopting retorts and eco-friendly practices to reduce mercury emissions and protect ASGM communities.
OUTCOMES OF ACUTE ALUMINIUM PHOSPHIDE POISONING AND ROLE OF MAGNESIUM SULFATE AS AN ANTIDOTE IN MINIA POISONING CONTROL CENTER, MINIA GOVERNORATE, EGYPT.

Background: Aluminium phosphide (AlP) is an affordable and efficient solid pesticide used for grain storage. Objectives: The present study was designed to determine the outcomes of acute aluminium phosphide toxicity and the role of magnesium sulfate as an antidote. Methodology: The present study was conducted on 53 patients admitted to the Minia Poison Control Center with a history of acute aluminium phosphide toxicity to assess the outcomes and role of magnesium sulfate as an antidote. Only 32 patients manifested AlP toxicity, and they were randomly divided into two groups, A and B, each with 16 patients. Group (A) received magnesium sulfate infusion using the bolus protocol of administering 4 g intravenously, 2 g after one hour, and then 1 g/4 h, in addition to other supportive therapies, while group (B) received only supportive therapy. Results: Mortality occurred in 23 cases: 9 cases (56.25%) from group A and 14 cases (87.5%) from group B. In survivors (no. = 9), serum magnesium levels and ABG parameters were significantly higher than those of non-survivors (no. = 23). There was no statistically significant difference between survivors and non-survivors regarding the treatment with Mg sulfate. According to the simple logistic regression test, the riskiest variables were the ingested amount followed by the PO2. Blood PH, PCO2, and serum Mg level had the highest sensitivity (91.3%) in the prediction of mortality, while PO2 was the most specific predictor (specificity = 88.89). Conclusion: Magnesium sulfate therapy did not improve patient outcomes as the mortality rate reached 72% in the current study, so until now, prevention has been the most valuable management strategy. Future studies are required to identify a suitable antidote for AlP toxicity.
Design of a 2.5 kW Four-Level Interleaved Flying Capacitor Multilevel Totem-Pole PFC Converter With AC-Side Passive Volume Optimization

In this article, a high-efficiency and high-density 2.5 kW four-level interleaved flying capacitor multilevel (FCML) totem-pole bridgeless power-factor-correction (PFC) rectifier with 200 V GaN devices is analyzed, designed, and tested. This 2.5 kW four-level continuous conduction mode (CCM) GaN totem pole PFC operates with three times inductor current ripple frequency than that of the switching frequency which significantly reduces the size of the inductors while also supporting switching loss reduction. This article compares the loss of the two-level CCM GaN totem-pole PFC, four-level non-interleaved FCML PFC and interleaved four-level FCML PFC with the same ripple frequency (300 kHz) and shows that the interleaved four-level CCM GaN PFC has much less device loss. In addition, this article discusses the detailed EMI spectrum analysis and derivation of the mathematical model for determining the attenuation requirement of the four-level interleaved FCML PFC converter followed by volumetric co-optimization of AC-side passives i.e., the boost inductor and differential mode (DM) EMI filter. A 2.5 kW four-level interleaved FCML GaN totem-pole PFC prototype with an optimized 94 kHz switching frequency is developed and tested in this article. The converter exhibits a peak efficiency of 99.14% with system power density reaching 89.47 W/inch3.
Computational Exploration of Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the Human hRAS Gene: Implications and Insights

Background A group of genes called oncogenes includes the Harvey rat sarcoma virus (hRAS) gene. Along with hRAS, Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (kRAS) and neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog (nRAS) genes belong to the Rat sarcoma (Ras) family of oncogenes. These three genes result in Rho guanosine triphosphate hydrolases (GTPases) as their protein product. Instructions for producing the protein hRAS, which is mainly involved in controlling cell division, are provided by the hRAS gene. The hRAS protein transfers signals from outside through a process called signal transduction. Because the hRAS protein is a GTPase, it changes the chemical guanosine-5'-triphosphate (GTP) into guanosine diphosphate (GDP). GTP and GDP molecules operate as switches to turn on and off the hRAS. This study aimed to anticipate the structure and stability of the protein resulting from missense single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the human hRAS genes. Methodology To investigate the possible negative effects associated with these SNPs, bioinformatic analysis is typically essential. The following tools were employed for forecasting harmful SNPs: Scale-Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT), Protein Analysis Through Evolutionary Relationships (PANTHER), non-synonymous SNP by Protein Variation Effect Analyzer (PROVEAN), and non-synonymous SNP by Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Annotation Platform (SNAP). Results The present study identified a total of 11 SNPs using the SIFT approach, which were shown to have functional significance. Only two of these 11 SNPs were determined to be tolerable, whereas nine were shown to be detrimental. Among the 11 SNPs analyzed, seven (Q61H, Q99H, K117R, A121D, A146V, R169W, R169Q) were classified as possibly damaging,and four (G13V, Q22K, Q61K, Q13V) were categorized as probably benign according to the predictions made by PANTHER tools. Therefore, the seven SNPs were identified as high-risk SNPs. Conclusions Given that SNPs have the potential to be candidates for cellular alterations brought on by mutations that are associated with cancer, this study provides vital information about how SNPs might be utilized as a diagnostic marker for cancer.
Microbiota and Metabolite Profiles in the Feces of Juvenile Sika Deer (Cervus nippon) from Birth to Weaning

Simple Summary The gut microbiota plays an active role in gut development and host growth in juvenile ruminants and contributes to their productive performance in adulthood. However, the gut microbiota composition and metabolic profile patterns of succession from birth to weaning of juvenile sika deer remain unclear. Feces are a highly efficient and convenient biological sample that can be used to reflect gut microbiology and metabolomics studies. Based on fecal samples, we demonstrated that the gut bacterial community and metabolic profile of juvenile sika deer were significantly altered at birth compared to the transition and rumination periods, suggesting functional changes in amino acid metabolism and carbohydrate metabolism. Our results revealed the key role of the birth–transition period in the regulation of gut bacterial communities and metabolic functions during juvenile sika deer development. Abstract The gut microbiota establishment in young ruminants has a profound impact on their adult production performance. However, the critical phase for the succession of the gut microbial composition and metabolic profiles of juvenile sika deer still needs to be further investigated. Here, we analyzed the fecal microbiota and metabolites of juvenile sika deer during the birth (D1), transition (D42), and rumination (D70) periods based on 16S rRNA sequencing and gas chromatography–time–of–flight mass spectrometry (GC–TOF–MS). The results showed that the fecal bacteria and metabolites composition were significantly different in D1 compared to D42 and D70, and the number of OTUs and the Shannon index were significantly higher in D70 than in D1 (p < 0.05). The relative abundances of Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, and Lachnoclostridium showed a significant increase in D1 compared to D42 and D70, whereas the relative abundances of Ruminococcaceae UCG-005, Ruminococcaceae UCG-010, Ruminococcaceae UCG-014, Christensenellaceae R-7, and Eubacterium coprostanoligenes group were significantly decreased in D1 compared to D42 and D70 (p < 0.05). The amounts of serine, phenylalanine, aspartic acid, ornithine, citrulline, creatine, isoleucine, galactose, and ribose in the feces were significantly higher in D1 compared to D42 and D70. In contrast, the concentrations of cortexolone, resveratrol, piceatannol, fumaric acid, alpha-ketoglutarate, glycerol, uracil-5-carboxylic acid, and maleic acid were significantly decreased in D1. The enrichment analysis showed that amino acid metabolism and carbohydrate metabolism were significantly changed in D1 compared to D42 and D70. The glycine, serine and threonine metabolism; alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism; arginine biosynthesis; glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism; citrate cycle; and pyruvate metabolism were significantly enriched across the three periods (p < 0.05). In conclusion, our results suggested that the birth–transition period is a critical phase for the gut bacterial community and metabolic function shift in juvenile sika deer.
Controlling the Quality of Nanodrugs According to Their New Property—Radiothermal Emission

Previous studies have shown that complexly shaped nanoparticles (NPs) have their intrinsic radiothermal emission in the millimeter range. This article presents a method for controlling the quality of nanodrugs—immunobiological preparations (IBPs)—based on the detection of their intrinsic radiothermal emissions. The emissivity of interferon (IFN) medicals, determined without opening the primary package, is as follows (µW/m2): IFN-α2b—80 ± 9 (105 IU per package), IFN-β1a—40 ± 5 (24 × 106 IU per package), IFN-γ—30 ± 4 (105 IU per package). The emissivity of virus-like particles (VLP), determined using vaccines Gam-VLP-multivac (120 μg) in an injection bottle (crimp cap vials), was as follows: 12 ± 1 µW/m2, Gam-VLP—rota vaccines—9 ± 1 µW/m2. This study shows the reproducibility of emissivity over the course of a year, subject to the storage conditions of the immunobiological products. It has been shown that accelerated aging and a longer shelf life are accompanied by the coagulation of active NPs, and lead to a manyfold drop in emissivity. The dependence of radiothermal emission on temperature has a complex, non-monotonic nature. The emission intensity depends on the form of dosage, but remains within the order of magnitude for IFN-α2b for intranasal aqueous solution, ointments, and suppositories. The possibility of the remote quantitative control of the first phases of the immune response (increased synthesis of IFNs) to the intranasal administration of VLP vaccines has been demonstrated in experimental animals.
Creeping faults: Good news, bad news?

The motion of the Earth's tectonic plates drive fault slip. Some faults slip in sudden movements, releasing great amounts of energy during large earthquake ruptures, while others slip in steadier movements which release energy more slowly. The latter, known as creeping faults, are believed to be less hazardous but there is mounting evidence that they are more complex than previously thought and can also pose a significant hazard. A recent review by Harris [2017] documents the earthquake potential of creeping faults in shallow continental fault zones from worldwide data. She presents a comprehensive review of prior studies; key insights into when, where, and why fault creep takes place and under which conditions creeping faults may represent high seismic hazard and suggests some directions for future research.
Phase modulation of carriers for cascaded multilevel three-phase inverters

Cascaded multilevel three-phase inverters are commonly used in industrial applications and the quality of these inverters is highly dependent on the modulation techniques. The common mode voltage is one of the factors affecting the quality of the three-phase inverter output voltage. This paper proposes a carrier phase modulation method for cascade multilevel inverters to reduce the magnitude of common-mode voltage magnitude and harmonics. In the proposed method, the carrier phase modulator is considered as an adaptive controller and the phase of carrier is completely controlled by the magnitude of control signal. The phase modulation has a high immunity to the noises compared with the modulations of frequency and amplitude because it is difficult for noises to intrude into the phase of carrier. In addition, the algorithm of carrier phase modulation is simple and requires little memory. Moreover, the number of switching commutations of the proposed method also reduces significantly. Simulation and experiment results based on a cascaded five-level three-phase inverter system have confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed method compared with that of the popular methods using unmodulated carriers such as phase disposition (PD) and phase opposite disposition (POD).
Developing and testing a custom algorithmic trading strategy using exponential moving average, relative strength index, and sentiment analysis

Stock trading is a popular and important profession that requires near-to-perfect data analytical skills, mathematical and statistical knowledge, and a broad understanding of buying and selling stocks. Often, due to the number of factors to consider and the intervention of human bias, traders and investors make wrong decisions that cost them millions of dollars. Therefore, automated algorithmic trading has gained traction in the marketplace due to its ability to process huge amounts of data, perform mathematical calculations and make quick and effective decisions. Most algorithmic trading strategies rely on a single technical indicator; however, it has been found that combining two or more indicators makes a trading strategy profitable. Therefore, this paper proposes a custom algorithmic trading strategy that combines important technical indicators such as the Exponential Moving Average and Relative Strength Index and utilizes sentiment analysis of financial news as well. This combination of technical indicators and sentiment analysis is not prevalent in existing research. The performance of the strategy was tested on fifteen stocks from different sectors of the US market using Python’s VectorBt library. The results showed that most of the stocks produced a higher win rate with the custom strategy as compared to other strategies, with the highest win rate of 88% for the S&P 500 index. To carry out sentiment analysis, a NLP model using BERT was developed which achieved an accuracy of 84%. Finally, to test the strategy on real-time data, paper trading was carried out on the Alpaca API and after six months the portfolio’s ROI is 6.26%.
INVESTIGATING THE BIOSECURITY MEASURES’ APPLICATIONS IN POULTRY FARMS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH THE OCCURENCE OF AVIAN INFLUENZA

Biosecurity application in poultry farms means measures or practices which limit or prevent the spread of many harmful pathogens onto or out of the farm. When teamed with disinfection and sanitation procedures, biosecurity practices can eradicate or reduce pathogens to noninfectious levels and this illustrate that prevention is better than cure. Such preventive measures as vaccination and serologic monitoring also help to ensure good flock health. Inadequate biosecurity can contribute to creation of wide epidemics of highly pathogenic diseases such as avian influenza virus. For data collection, a predesigned questionnaire was created, and two visits were applied for investigating the application of biosecurity measures in the selected farms. Results summarize the response of the farm workers regarding the application of biosecurity measures in 244 farms under investigation. Regarding the number of farms with footbath, it was 150 (61%) in the first visit, although only 133 (56%) were filled with disinfectant. While, in the second visit, footbath number was significantly increased to 190 (78%) (χ12 = 12.68, P > 0.01) and 169 (69%) were filled with disinfectant (χ12 = 7.39, P > 0.01). The increased cleanliness of the area between the farm gate and poultry house was significantly increased from 68% in the first visit to 85% after the second visit (χ12 = 19.1, P > 0.01). As a result of the improved biosecurity measures observed in the second visit, the occurrence of avian influenza infection has significantly reduced from 36% to 20% in the farms under investigation. This in turn highlights the important role of biosecurity measures in the prevention and control of avian influenza infection. There is a need for more consideration on biosecurity measures targeting dead birds' disposal, changing shoes before entrance to the farm, presence of clothes for visitors, disinfection of injection tools,, disinfection machines and veterinary supervision.
Digital Inequalities in Brazil: A Weberian Analysis of Technology Use in the Favelas

Abstract Purpose In this paper, we examine the social stratification in the favelas, urban slums, both in general and how it correlates with technology. The analysis is based on Weberian stratification theory, since it provides for a broad understanding of the different factors that make up the digital inequalities. Methodology/approach Based on a 10-month critical ethnographic research dealing with LAN houses and state supported telecenters in the favelas of Vitoria, Brazil, we analyze how the use of technology by residents of such marginalized areas expands our understanding of Weber’s axes of stratification, namely class, status and political power. The data was drawn from user observations, Facebook interactions, and 76 semi-structured interviews. Findings The drug cartel members belonged to the higher class of favela residents due to their access to material resources and ability to afford smartphones and data plans. However, in terms of status groups, they did not represent the pinnacle of the community. Where status was concerned, the highest stratum of the community was composed of the “Facebook’s celebrities,” the few teenagers who knew how to produce content online, such as images and videos. An additional axis of social differentiation, related to political power, was observed during the 2013 protests in Brazil. Favela residents arrived late to the event and found themselves “fighting” for demands stipulated previously by the organizers who belonged to upper classes. Originality/value We highlight what access to ICTs can, and cannot, accomplish in a “highly disorganized,” conflict-ridden, and institution-poor environment. With that we hope to encourage academics and practitioners to do a better job in developing appropriate policies and technologies.
Érosion et stades biorhexistasiques dans les ravines du Saignon (Alpes de Provence). Essai de modélisation statistique des vitesses d'érosion sur marnes

L'erosion par ravinement dans les marnes noires des Alpes du Sud est un phenomene bien connu, plusieurs etudes ont permis de cerner le processus et de chiffrer la vitesse d'ablation ; celle-ci est, en terrain denude, de 1 a 2 cm/an (J. CHODZCO et M. LECOMPTE, 1992 ; L. DESCROIX, 1994 ; M. LECOMPTE et al., 1998). Des bilans d'erosion comparatifs entre bassins versants denude et boise ont pu etre etablis montrant que l'ablation est moindre en bassin versant biostasique (N. MATHYS et al., 1996). Cependant le role de la vegetation sur l'erosion a l'interieur des bassins-versants demeure mal connu, particulierement celui de la densite et de la nature de la couverture vegetale. Les travaux presentes concernent le suivi de l'erosion, de juin 1996 a juillet 1998, dans le bassin versant du Saignon (Alpes de Haute Provence, commune de la Motte du Caire). Les donnees acquises permettent de preciser la variabilite des vitesses d'erosion en fonction de la pente et du recouvrement phytopedologique et d'elaborer une modelisation de la dynamique erosive.
Unveiling Familial Hypercholesterolemia—Review, Cardiovascular Complications, Lipid-Lowering Treatment and Its Efficacy

Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a genetic disorder primarily transmitted in an autosomal-dominant manner. We distinguish two main forms of FH, which differ in the severity of the disease, namely homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HoFH) and heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HeFH). The characteristic feature of this disease is a high concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in the blood. However, the level may significantly vary between the two mentioned types of FH, and it is decidedly higher in HoFH. A chronically elevated concentration of LDL-C in the plasma leads to the occurrence of certain abnormalities, such as xanthomas in the tendons and skin, as well as corneal arcus. Nevertheless, a significantly more severe phenomenon is leading to the premature onset of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its clinical implications, such as cardiac events, stroke or vascular dementia, even at a relatively young age. Due to the danger posed by this medical condition, we have investigated how both non-pharmacological and selected pharmacological treatment impact the course of FH, thereby reducing or postponing the risk of clinical manifestations of CVD. The primary objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive summary of the current understanding of FH, the effectiveness of lipid-lowering therapy in FH and to explain the anatomopathological correlation between FH and premature CVD development, with its complications.
Research progress on the targets and therapies of Alzheimer’s disease

Alzheimer 's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease. Most of the patients have the following characteristics, such as abnormalities in memory, language, and behavioral ability. It is very common in dementia in the elderly. The pathological features are mainly the plaques formed by Aβ protein deposition and the neurofibrillary tangles. The causes of AD are complex, and there are many pathological hypotheses. The current clinical therapeutic drugs for AD are mainly cholinesterase inhibitors developed based on the cholinergic hypothesis and receptor antagonists targeting NMDA receptors. Although there are some research results on the targets based on other hypotheses, further research is needed for clinical application. Nevertheless, in recent years, there have been many new development directions, such as combination therapy. Multi-target combination therapy is expected to achieve better efficacy than traditional single-target therapy. This makes it even more important to develop drugs with different potential targets. This article introduces three current mainstream therapeutic targets and theories, and introduces the drugs based on them. At the same time, we also introduced 3 targets and therapies with good potential in the future, and introduced some current stage results and current drugs based on their research and development.