Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An audit of pneumococcal and hepatitis vaccination in an outpatient HIV clinic.

BACKGROUND HIV-positive adults are at risk of vaccine preventable infections including Streptococcus pneumoniae, hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV). Uptake of immunisations in HIV patients is suboptimal despite evidence of efficacy. METHODS An audit was made of the vaccination records in 200 adult HIV-positive regular clinic attendees, with a CD4+ count >200 cells μL(-1). RESULTS Medical records or laboratory data revealed that 10% had been vaccinated against S. pneumoniae; 74% were immune or immunised against HAV; 40% had evidence of natural infection with HBV and 84% of nonimmune patients had been vaccinated. CONCLUSIONS Strategies to improve vaccine uptake are required.
Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition on renal filtration surface area in hypertensive rats.

BACKGROUND Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor treatment leads to protective effects on the cellular structure of the glomerulus and the kidney. The aim of this study was to determine whether ACE inhibition increases renal filtration surface area in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). METHODS SHR were treated with the ACE inhibitor perindopril at a high dose (3 mg/kg/day) or a low dose (0.1 mg/kg/day) during the period of hypertension development, from 7 to 14 weeks of age. Some animals were treated concomitantly with the bradykinin B2 receptor antagonist, S16118. Tail-cuff systolic blood pressure and body weights were measured twice weekly. At termination of treatment, glomerular number and volume, length, and surface area of glomerular capillaries and renal filtration surface area were estimated using unbiased stereological techniques. RESULTS There were significant dose-related reductions in blood pressure with high- and low-dose perindopril treatment. Neither low- nor high-dose perindopril treatment had any effect on glomerular number or size or glomerular capillary length and surface area. Hence, there was no significant difference in total renal filtration surface area between any of the experimental groups (8721 +/- 610 mm2 in untreated SHR and 7879 +/- 338 mm2 and 8767 +/- 437 mm2 in the low and high dose perindopril-treated groups, respectively). Coadministration of the bradykinin antagonist did not affect any of the glomerular parameters. CONCLUSIONS ACE inhibition during the period of hypertension development does not lead to an enhanced glomerular capillary growth or increases in total renal filtration surface area in this model.
Current Harmonic Compensation for $n$ -Phase Machines With Asymmetrical Winding Arrangement and Different Neutral Configurations

Low-order current harmonics arise in ac drives due to nonlinearities, producing torque ripple and extra losses. In multiphase machines, which offer advantages over three-phase ones, the latter is aggravated because some harmonics map in low-impedance no-torque subspaces. A multiple-resonant-controller (MRC) structure, combining resonant controllers and synchronous frames, was proposed for harmonic cancellation. It permits substantial computational saving over the multiple-synchronous-frame (MSF) strategy, which includes proportional-integral control in one synchronous frame per harmonic. However, such MRC method is only suitable for symmetrical winding arrangements (SWAs), while asymmetrical winding arrangements (AWAs) are also widespread. Adapting the MRC for AWAs is not straightforward, since the harmonic mapping differs significantly from SWAs, and the effect of neutral configurations on it is more complicated and has hardly been studied. In this paper, an MRC strategy for multiphase machines with AWA is developed. Different neutral configurations are considered; particularly, it is shown and taken into account that for a single isolated neutral, unlike with SWAs, certain subspaces are coupled and unbalanced. The optimum frequencies of the resonant controllers and synchronous frames are assessed. The computational burden of the MRC and MSF schemes is compared, and the differences with SWAs are established. Experimental results are provided.
A trust-based Top-K recommender system using social tagging network

With the expansion of e-commerce, recommender systems are drawing more and more attentions. Collaborative Filtering(CF) is the most popular algorithm used for recommendation, but it performs not very well for sparse data and new users. The emergence of trust-based recommender system has solved the problem of CF in a better way. A system of this kind is commonly constructed based upon social network with trust relations. It contains not only user-item rating relations, but also friendships between users, and the friendships are very meaningful in recommendation. However, the trust values in the networks are all specified by users, which are subjective processes. In this paper, we propose a Top-K recommender system on social tagging network, and design a user-item rating matrix construction method on user browsed or searched information. We use tags, which can be regarded as users and items feature information, to compute the similarity between users or items. Moreover, we propose a Top-K recommender system construction method on the network with trust values computed from users' interest similarity. In our experiments we use the Last fm dataset, and we employ the RMSE and hit-radios benchmarks to evaluate the quality and performance of prediction on single item and Top-K recommendation. We compare our approach with two traditional CF algorithms. The experimental results show that our system has good performance, and it solves the defects of CF and existing Trust-based recommender systems.
Altered Expression of Apoptosis-Related Genes in Osteocytes Exposed to High-Dose Steroid Hormones and Hypoxic Stress

Objective: High-dose steroid hormones cause necrosis of the femoral head. Since steroid hormones function as blood coagulants, we hypothesized that ischemic hypoxia induced by steroid hormones is critical for apoptosis which occurs before necrosis of osteocytes. Methods: We performed an analysis of gene expression in the process of leading osteocytes to apoptosis, using a mouse cell line. Cultured osteocytes were loaded with hypoxic stress with or without exposure to steroid hormones, and the gene expression under these conditions was investigated using a cDNA array and real-time quantitative RT-PCR. Results: The proapoptotic p53 gene was downregulated under a hypoxic (1% O2) condition without exposure to steroid hormones. On the other hand, the expression of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 gene was increased by exposure to high-dose steroid hormones under a normoxic condition (20% O2). Interestingly, both proapoptotic (p53 and Bax) and antiapoptotic (Bcl-2 and MDM2)genes were downregulated in osteocytes treated with high-dose steroid hormones in the hypoxic environment. Conclusions: These findings suggest that osteocytes exposed to high-dose steroid hormones appear to be more sensitive to apoptosis in the hypoxic environment than those without exposure to steroid hormones. This concept helps to understand the pathogenesis of idiopathic necrosis of the bone.
Predicting Complex Events in Sensor Data

in Finnish) . ii Abstract . iii Acknowledgements . iv
Design and Implementation of Small-sized 3D Printed Surena-Mini Humanoid Platform

This paper describes the design and implementation of a small-sized 3D printed humanoid robotic platform. Surena-Mini is the first small-sized humanoid robot which is fabricated completely with 3D printing technology. Because of the flexibility of 3D printing technology, Surena-Mini can be assigned with both human proportions and aesthetic appeals. The choice of using 3D printed plastic parts for all mechanical components not only simplifies the mechanical design process and the manufacture of the robot, but also reduces the cost and the weight of Surena-Mini humanoid which are important characteristics in small-sized humanoid robots. Surena-Mini has a total of 23 degrees of freedom with a height of 53 [cm] and weight 3.3 [kg]. The main objective of Surena-Mini is to be a humanoid robotic platform for research and education purposes to accelerate academic research. Consequently, researchers can then focus only on the challenges in which they are interested. First of all, design concepts, specifications and mechanical design of Surena-Mini are presented. Furthermore, various experimental tests are investigated on fabricated robots in order to verify the performance of the implemented humanoid robot.
Compilation of minimum and maximum isotope ratios of selected elements in naturally occurring terrestrial materials and reagents

Introduction. ^ Basic Concepts . 2 Aclmowledgements. ^ Hydrogen. ^ Reference materials and reporting of isotope ratios.5 Ranges in isotopic composition.5 Water. Silicates. ^ Hydroxides. :. ^ Organic hydrogen.8 Methane . 10 Hydrogen gas. 10 Lithium. ^ Reference materials and reporting of isotope ratios. 11 Ranges in isotopic composition. 11 Marine sources . 11 Non-marine sources. 13 Lithium in rocks. 13 Phosphates. 13 Silicates. _ Reagents. J^ Boron. Reference materials and reporting of isotope ratios. 15 Ranges in isotopic composition. 15 Marine sources . 15 Non-marine sources. 16 Igneous rocks. 19 Metamorphic rocks. 19 Sediments. ^ Organic boron.19 Carbon . 20 Reference materials and reporting of isotope ratios.20 Ranges in isotopic composition.20 Carbonate and bicarbonate . 20 Carbon dioxide.25 Oxalates.26 Carbon monoxide.26 Organic carbon . 26 Elemental carbon.28 Ethane . 28 Methane . 28 Nitrogen. Reference materials and reporting of isotope ratios.29 Ranges in isotopic composition.29 Nitrate. Nitrite. Nitrogen oxide gases.30 Nitrogen gas . 30 Organic nitrogen.32 Nitrogen in rocks.34 Ammonium. ^ Oxygen . Reference materials and reporting of isotope ratios.36 Ranges in isotopic composition.37 Oxygen gas.39 Water. ^ Carbon monoxide.41 Carbon dioxide . 41 Carbonates . 41 Nitrogen oxides.42 Other Oxides.42 Phosphates . 42 Silicates. Sulfates. ^ Plants and animals.43 Magnesium. ^ Reference materials and reporting of isotope ratios.44 Ranges in isotopic composition.44 Marine sources . 44 Elemental magnesium.46 SiHcon. ^ Reference materials and reporting of isotope ratios.46 Ranges in isotopic composition.46 Igneous rocks.47 Metamorphic rocks.47 Vein quartz and silicified rocks .
End-to-End Object Detection with Transformers : Supplementary material

1 Appendix . 1 1.1 Preliminaries: Multi-head attention layers . 1 1.2 Losses . 2 1.3 Detailed architecture . 3 1.4 Training hyperparameters . 4 1.5 Additional results . 5 1.6 PyTorch inference code . 8 1.7 Acknowledgements . 9
Evaluation of Radiographers’ Practices with Paediatric Digital Radiography Based on PACS’ Data

Objective: The purpose of the study is to evaluate radiographer practice with advanced digital radiography in terms of the values of exposure indices and deviation indices between hospitals in Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: The study is based on PACS’ data of paediatric radiographic images limited to the chest and abdomen performed during the last year from four hospitals in Saudi Arabia. P-value was calculated to investigate any significant differences exist between the values of exposure indices and deviation indices of the images, which will be acquired from the DICOM file of image data.Results: Most of the paediatric radiographic images (54%) were underexposed, as these images had deviation index with less than -1 from four hospitals compared to expected results. However, in one hospital, 58% of the images were overexposed. The majority of the underexposed paediatric radiographic images were chest and abdomen radiographic exam (50% and 66% separately). Results also show that most of the underexposed radiographic images were using a grid (66%); on the other hand, in the overexposed radiographic images, 59% did not use the grid.Conclusions: The findings of the study show the need for radiographers for further knowledge and training courses to improve their performance in digital radiography and paediatric imaging.
Sox9+ Cell is Required for Salivary Gland Regeneration after Radiation Damage via Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway

Background: Radiotherapy for head and neck cancer can cause serious side effects, including severe damage to the salivary glands, resulting in symptoms such as xerostomia, dental caries, oral infectious and so on. Due to lack of long-term treatment for the symptoms of saliva barren, current research has focused on finding endogenous stem cells that can differentiate into various cell lineage to replace lost tissue and restore function. Results: In our study, we identified Sox9+ cells can differentiate into various salivary epithelial cell lineages under homeostatic conditions. After ablating Sox9+ cells, the salivary glands of irradiated mice showed more severe phenotypes and reduced proliferative capacity. Analysis of online single cell RNA-sequencing data revealed enrichment of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in Sox9+ cell population. Furthermore, treatment of Wnt/β-catenin inhibitor to irradiated mice inhibited the regenerative capability of Sox9+ cells. Finally, we showed that Sox9+ cells were able to form organoids in vitro and transplanting these organoids into salivary glands after radiation restored part of salivary gland function. Conclusions: In short, our research indicated that regenerative therapy targeting Sox9+ cells is a promising method to solve the radiation induced salivary gland injury.
A High Distribution of Resistant Pathogens among Critically Ill Neonates from Secondary Referral Hospital of Indonesia

Background The spread of resistant pathogens among critically ill neonates has increased in recent years. Therefore, information about the antimicrobial profile and its susceptibility over time helps to select the most appropriate therapy. The study assesses the distribution of resistant pathogens and its susceptibility among neonates' patients. Methods Eight hundred and eight suspected neonatal infected from January 2011 to December 2019 were recruited anonymously in our retrospective, observational analysis. The study was conducted in the secondary-care level NICU which located on the western border of Jakarta, Indonesia. The MDROs definition was define by Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (CDC) criteria and standardized international terminology. Microbial identification and susceptibility testing were carried out following standard protocols. Results Culture positivity was found in 132 (16.3%) with dominating MDR-Gram negative bacteria 47 (61.8%). The most common pathogens were extended-spectrum β-lactamase and multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter 18 (38.3%), respectively. There were coagulase negative staphylococci 29 (38.2%) among MDROs. Most of the Gram negative bacteria were highly susceptible to the combination of cefoperazone/sulbactam (79.6%), amikacin (88.7%), and tigecycline (77.1%). Staphylococcus aureus had a good susceptibility to almost all classes' antibiotics. Candida isolates showed 100.0% susceptibility to all antifungal classes. Conclusions Our study highlighted the microbial profile along with its susceptibility among neonatal patients that able to provide necessary information for antimicrobial guidelines and policies for effective infectious case management.
Evaluation of Osteogenic Differentiation of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell on Highly Porous Polycaprolactone Scaffold Reinforced With Layered Double Hydroxides Nanoclay

In recent decades, bone tissue engineering has had an effective role in introducing orthopedic implants. In this regard, polymeric scaffolds reinforced with bioactive nanomaterials can offer great potential in tissue engineering implants for replacing bone loss in patients. In this study, the thermally induced phase separation method was used to fabricate three-dimensional highly porous scaffolds made of layered double hydroxide (LDH)/polycaprolactone (PCL) nanocomposites with varied LDH contents ranging from 0.1 wt. % to 10 wt. %. The Phase identification, morphology, and elemental composition were studied using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, respectively. Interconnected pores ranging from 5 to 150 µm were detected in all samples. The results revealed that the inclusion of LDH to PCL scaffold reinforced mechanical strength and compressive modulus increased from 0.6418 to 1.3251 for the pure PCL and PCL + LDH (1 Wt.%) scaffolds, respectively. Also, thermal stability, degradation rate, and biomineralization especially in comparison with the pure PCL were enhanced. Adhesion, viability, and proliferation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) seeded on PCL + LDH scaffolds were improved as compared to the pure PCL. Furthermore, the addition of LDH resulted in the increased mineral deposition as well as expression of ALP and RUNX2 osteogenic genes in terms of differentiation. All in all, our findings revealed that PCL + LDH (1 Wt.%) scaffold might be an ideal choice for 3D scaffold design in bone tissue engineering approaches.
Artificial Intelligence serving National Security: the Spanish case

In this paper, which is part of a work in progress, we want to analyse and underline the contradiction that arises in the societies of knowledge between the opacity of most AI systems and the transparency that, as a tool for good governance, is been looked for by the most progressive political, social and economic leaders. On the one hand, the risks and threats for the principles of good governance (among them, transparency) derived from the use of AI by governments in sensitive areas such as that of National Security. While AI is to make it easier and more efficient the work of Security Forces, our democracies will become weaker and less credible if the protection of our rights and principles becomes lower than it is thanks to these AI systems, with a risk for autocracies to arise. Thus, our goal should be to produce National Security AI systems that are ethic and legal in a moment of history in which transparency is considered essential for good governance. On the other hand, the use of new disruptive technologies to protect State secrets only makes it more and more difficult to monitor the policies of our governments. The fact is that transparency becomes a reality by exercising the right of access to public information. If we are not allowed to properly monitor our leaders, as a matter of fact protected by smart shields such as those AI systems, we would have taken one step back. Our aims would be carefully identifying the threats to our principles and rights, in the first place, and, secondly suggesting the ethic and legal traits of AI systems to be considered by policymakers that are currently amending State secrets regulations In the case of Spain, a lack of coherence pervades the corresponding legislation, if we take into account that the Official Secrets Law is dated in 1968, nothing to do with the last National Strategy of Security (2021). The lack of consistency between old regulations and new disruptive AI in Spain claims for quick and deep updating.
Retention of Minocycline Susceptibility When Gram-Positive Periprosthetic Joint Infection Isolates Are Non-Susceptible to Doxycycline

Background: The treatment of hardware infections often utilizes chronic oral suppression antibiotics to prevent infection recurrence. However, when methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and other bacteria are non-susceptible to doxycycline, limited oral antibiotic options can be available that do not cause significant side effects and drug–drug interactions. Consequently, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of Gram-positive clinical prosthetic joint infection isolates that were non-susceptible to doxycycline and to retain susceptibility to minocycline. Methods: Twenty-six Gram-positive prosthetic joint infection isolates that were not susceptible to doxycycline were evaluated for retained minocycline susceptibility with the use of minocycline gradient diffusion test strips. Results: All five of the coagulase-negative staphylococcal isolates and eight of the eleven methicillin-resistant S. aureus isolates were susceptible to minocycline, despite being doxycycline non-susceptible. None of the five Enterococcus faecium PJI isolates retained susceptibility to minocycline and only two of the five E. faecalis isolates (n = 5) were susceptible to minocycline. Conclusions: The findings have direct clinical implications supporting minocycline susceptibility testing for patients with PJI and other hardware-associated infections, which have isolates that are doxycycline non-susceptible to thereby provide alternative suppression antibiotic options.
Compact stellar X-ray sources

1. Accreting neutron stars and black holes: a decade of discoveries D. Psaltis 2. Rapid X-ray variability M. van der Klis 3. New views of thermonuclear bursts T. Strohmayer and L. Bildsten 4. Black hole binaries J. McClintock and R. Remillard 5. Optical, ultraviolet and infrared observations of X-ray binaries P. Charles and M. Coe 6. Fast X-ray transients and X-ray flashes J. Heise and J. in 't Zand 7. Isolated neutron stars V. Kaspi, M. Roberts and A. Harding 8. Globular cluster X-ray sources F. Verbunt and W. Lewin 9. Jets from X-ray binaries R. Fender 10. X-Rays from cataclysmic variables E. Kuulkers, A. Norton, A. Schwope and B. Warner 11. Super soft sources P. Kahabka and E. van den Heuvel 12. Compact stellar X-ray sources in normal galaxies G. Fabbiano and N. White 13. Accretion in compact binaries A. King 14. Soft gamma repeaters and anomalous X-ray pulsars: magnetar candidates P. Woods and C. Thompson 15. Cosmic gamma-ray bursts, their afterglows, and their host galaxies K. Hurley, R. Sari and S. Djorgovski 16. Formation and evolution of compact stellar X-ray sources T. Tauris and E. van den Heuvel.
The Usefulness of the Low-FODMAP Diet with Limited Tryptophan Intake in the Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome

(1) Background: A low-FODMAP diet is often recommended in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome, but it does not improve abdominal symptoms in all patients, and an alternative diet is desirable. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a low-FODMAP diet with a concomitant reduction in tryptophan (TRP) intake in irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea predominance (IBS-D) in relation to its metabolism via the serotonin and kynurenine pathways. (2) Methods: 40 healthy people (Group I, Controls) and 80 patients with IBS-D were included in the study. IBS-D patients were randomly divided into two groups of 40 each (Groups IIA and IIB). In Group IIA, the low-FODMAP diet was recommended, while in Group IIB, the same diet was recommended but with limited TRP intake for 8 weeks. The TRP intake was analyzed with the use of the nutritional calculator. Abdominal complaints were assessed using the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS-IBS), and psychological status was simultaneously determined using two scales: the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A) and the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAM-D). TRP and its metabolites: 5-hydoxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), kynurenine (KYN), kynurenic acid (KYNA), and quinolinic acid (QA) were measured in urine using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). (3) Results: The consumption of TRP per mg/kg/b.w. /24 h has decreased in Group IIA from 20.9 ± 2.39 to 17.45 ± 2.41 (16.5%) and in Group IIB from 21.3 ± 2.33 to 14.32 (34.4%). Significantly greater improvement was found after nutritional treatment in patients in Group IIB as compared to Group IIA (GSRS score: 38.1% vs. 49.8%; HAM-A: 38.7% vs. 49.9%; HAM-D: 13.8% vs. 35.0%; p < 0.01). Reducing TRP intake showed a negative correlation with the degree of improvement in the GSRS score. (4) Conclusions: Lowering the TRP content in a low-FODMAP diet may be useful in treating IBS-D.