Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Algorithm research and realization of the turning control system for heavy transportation vehicle

The dynamics of turning system which is a nonlinear system normally has great impact on the transportation speed of the vehicle having heavy load and large size. The dynamics of turning system depends on control algorithm and its implementation, but the existing control algorithms which having high dynamics in the application of heavy transportation vehicle are complex for realization and high hardware requirement. So, the nonlinear turning system is analyzed for improving its dynamics by researching new efficient control algorithm. The models of electromagnetic valve, hydraulic cylinder and turning mechanical part are built individually to get the open-loop model of the turning system following characteristics analyzed. According to the model, a new control algorithm for heavy transportation vehicle which combined PID with Bang-Bang control is presented. Then the close-loop model of turning system is obtained under Matlab/Simulink environment. By comparing the step response of different control algorithms in the same conditions, the new algorithm’s validity is verified. On the basis of the analysis results, the algorithm is adopted to implement the turning control system by using CAN field bus and PLC controllers. Furthermore, the turning control system has been applied in one type of heavy transportation vehicle. It reduces the response time of turning system from seconds level to 250 ms, and the speed of heavy transportation vehicle increases from 5 km/h to 30 km/h. The application result shows that the algorithm and turning control system have met all the turning requirements. This new type of turning control algorithm proposed is simple in implementation for fast response of nonlinear and large-scale turning system of heavy transportation vehicle.
Influence of deposition temperature and pressure on microstructure and tribological properties of arc ion plated Ag films

The films deposited at low temperature (LT-films) have increasingly attracted theoretical and technical interests since such films exhibit obvious difference in structure and performances compared to those deposited at room temperature. Studies on the tribological properties of LT-films are rarely reported in available literatures. In this paper, the structure, morphology and tribological properties of Ag films, deposited at LT (166 K) under various Ar pressures on AISI 440C steel substrates by arc ion plating (AIP), are studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and a vacuum ball-on-disk tribometer, and compared with the Ag films deposited at RT (300 K). XRD results show that (200) preferred orientation of the films is promoted at LT and low Ar pressure. The Crystallite sizes are 70 nm–80 nm for LT-Ag films deposited at 0.2 Pa and 0.8 Pa and larger than 100 nm for LT-Ag films deposited at 0.4 Pa and 0.6 Pa, while they are 55 nm–60 nm for RT-Ag films deposited at 0.2 Pa–0.6 Pa and 37 nm for RT-Ag films deposited at 0.8 Pa. The surfaces of LT-Ag films are fibre-like at 0.6 Pa and 0.8 Pa, terrace-like at 0.4 Pa, and sphere-like at 0.2 Pa, while the surfaces of RT-Ag films are composed of sphere-like grains separated by voids. Wear tests reveal that, due to the compact microstructure LT-Ag films have better wear resistances than RT-Ag film. These results indicate that the microstructure and wear resistance of Ag films deposited by AIP can be improved by low temperature deposition.
Origin of the refractive-index increase in laser-written waveguides in glasses

We present firm evidence that the mechanism for the refractive-index increase in fused silica caused by irradiation with ultrafast intense laser pulses is the densification of glass. This conclusion is based on the correlation observed between the refractive-index values in waveguides in silica produced by focused femtosecond laser pulses and the shift of the central frequency of ω4 (TO) band (Si–O stretching mode) in micro-Raman spectra. These data were compared with the relation of the Raman shift to density and to refractive index changes in glasses modified by high pressure or irradiation. We conclude that the measured refractive-index increase in silica waveguides can be explained by densification of glass and exclude other hypothesis such as fictive-temperature effect, color center formation, etc.
FITTING A RESTRICTED ASYMMETRIC DISSIMILARITY MODEL TO A SYMMETRIC DISSIMILARITY MATRIX

This paper proposes a model to analyze the symmetric dissimilarity matrix by an Euclidean distance model with additional terms. The proposed model is a restricted model of Weeks and Bentler’s model. The symmetric dissimilarity is assumed to be induced from asymmetric dissimilarities. A Monte Carlo simulation study conducted demonstrated that the proposed least squares algorithm was effective in recovering the true number of dimensions and true configuration. This algorithm was applied to the real data set. The local minimum problem is discussed.
Spatially resolved spectra of silicate dust around Alpha Orionis

We have observed α Orionis with a 10 μm long-slit spectrometer. By applying maximum entropy reconstruction techniques, we have spatially resolved the silicate emission from the circumstellar shell. The emissivity derived from our silicate spectrum compares favorably with published emissivity profiles describing circumstellar silicates. The lack of silicate emission in the direction of the central star suggests that the circumstellar dust may not be distributed in a spherical shell
The velocity distribution of interstellar titanium toward Zeta Persei

Observations of the interstellar 3384-A line of Ti II toward Zeta Persei are reported at a resolution of 1.4 km/s. This resolution exceeds by a factor of almost 3 that used in any previous observations of ions that are dominant stages of ionization in H I regions. Toward Zeta Per, two resolved line components of Ti II having widths generally comparable to those of the corresponding line components of trace ions K I, Ca II, and Na I are seen. For any other ions along this line of sight which have velocity distributions similar to that observed for Ti II, the critical equivalent width above which line saturation must be significant therefore does not exceed 14 mA for ultraviolet lines lying near 1200 A.
The destabilizing effect of boundary slip on Bénard convection

We investigate the influence of slip boundary conditions on the onset of Bénard convection in an infinite fluid layer. It is shown that the critical Rayleigh number is a decreasing function of the slip length, and therefore boundary slip is seen to have a destabilizing effect. Chebyshev‐tau and compound matrix formulations for solving the eigenvalue problem are presented. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sage: A System for Uncertain Network Analysis

We propose Sage, a system for uncertain network analysis. Algorithms for uncertain network analysis require large amounts of memory and computing resources as they sample a large number of network instances and run analysis on them. Sage makes uncertain network analysis simple and efficient. By extending the edge-centric programming model, Sage makes writing sampling-based analysis algorithms as simple as writing conventional graph algorithms in Pregel-like systems. Moreover, Sage proposes four optimization techniques, namely, deterministic sampling, hybrid gathering, schedule-aware caching, and copy-on-write attributes, that exploit common properties of uncertain network analysis. Extensive evaluation of Sage with eight algorithms on six real-world networks shows that the four optimizations in Sage jointly improve performance by up to 13.9X and on average 2.7X.
Design of a Display Structure for an Anti-Collision System of Offshore Drilling Units Based on the Digital Twin Concept

The drill floor of an offshore drilling facility is equipped with a collision avoidance system to prevent collisions between moving equipment. In this paper, we present the visualization of the collision avoidance system using the digital twin concept. By classifying the core technologies of the digital twin, the elements necessary for the visualization of the collision avoidance system are derived, and the information for visualization is organized. We conduct 3D visualization of equipment and design IO devices necessary for the visualization. The movement of the floater is considered, and a database is built to efficiently search for the information required for the retrieval of stored 3D information. A collision detection situation is generated by operating the equipment using the input device required for simulation. Collision information is displayed as designed, and it is confirmed that the switching of the display between the present and past time is operating normally. The entire system functions normally as designed, including the input/output with other databases and equipment operation. Implementing a digital twin for an offshore platform is a time-consuming and costly process. It is expected that the improved anti-collision system can be expanded for the digital twin of an entire offshore platform.
Using Tree-Based Machine Learning for Health Studies: Literature Review and Case Series

Tree-based machine learning methods have gained traction in the statistical and data science fields. They have been shown to provide better solutions to various research questions than traditional analysis approaches. To encourage the uptake of tree-based methods in health research, we review the methodological fundamentals of three key tree-based machine learning methods: random forests, extreme gradient boosting and Bayesian additive regression trees. We further conduct a series of case studies to illustrate how these methods can be properly used to solve important health research problems in four domains: variable selection, estimation of causal effects, propensity score weighting and missing data. We exposit that the central idea of using ensemble tree methods for these research questions is accurate prediction via flexible modeling. We applied ensemble trees methods to select important predictors for the presence of postoperative respiratory complication among early stage lung cancer patients with resectable tumors. We then demonstrated how to use these methods to estimate the causal effects of popular surgical approaches on postoperative respiratory complications among lung cancer patients. Using the same data, we further implemented the methods to accurately estimate the inverse probability weights for a propensity score analysis of the comparative effectiveness of the surgical approaches. Finally, we demonstrated how random forests can be used to impute missing data using the Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation data set. To conclude, the tree-based methods are a flexible tool and should be properly used for health investigations.
Performance, Egg Quality, and Yolk Antioxidant Capacity of the Laying Quail in Response to Dietary Choline Levels

Simple Summary Adequate dietary nutrient intake is essential for optimal performance in poultry production. In recent years, improvements in animal genetics have led to changes in animal nutrition requirements. Consequently, livestock nutrient requirements must be periodically reevaluated. Choline is an essential nutrient for poultry and its deficiency causes developmental and health problems. Choline requirements for laying quail are based on previous recommendations and require new research. This study aimed to determine the ideal dose of choline for laying quails based on their productive development and egg quality. A dose of 1500 mg/kg of choline was determined to be sufficient to maintain egg quality and performance of laying quails. Nevertheless, 3500 mg/kg of choline would be required in the diet to observe improvements in egg antioxidant capacity. Abstract The current study determined the ideal dose of choline in the diet of laying quails based on egg development, egg quality, and antioxidant capacity. A total of 120 female quails (244.7 ± 10.38 g) were randomly assigned to 6 experimental groups with 5 replicates of 4 quails each. In the 10-week trial, treatment diets were formed by adding 6 choline chloride−60% concentrations providing 1500 (control), 2000, 2500, 3000, 3500, and 4000 mg/kg of choline. The feed intake of quails was quadratically affected (p < 0.05) by the choline level of the diet, in other developmental parameters, and by egg quality among these treatments. The feed intake was reduced to 2500 and 3000 mg/kg levels of choline in the diet compared to the control group. Free radical scavenging capacity (DPPH) of the yolk increased linearly (p < 0.001) with dietary choline levels. In contrast, the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) value decreased as dietary choline levels increased, except for 4000 mg/kg levels. Based on the findings of the current study, 1500 mg/kg of dietary choline is adequate to maintain performance parameters and egg quality in laying quails. However, to increase egg antioxidant capacity, in terms of the DPPH value, the dietary choline dose needs to be increased to 3500 mg/kg.
Cardiometabolic consequences of PCOS

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous disorder in terms of clinical symptoms and laboratory findings. It is one of the most common endocrinopathies in women of childbearing age. The development of symptoms and the degree of severity in the course of the disease are the results of changes in the ovaries which may be caused by many genetic, metabolic, neuroendocrine, and environmental factors. The main clinical manifestations are menstrual disorders, difficulties with becoming pregnant, and changes related to hyperandrogenism, e.g., acne, hirsutism. Recognition is above mainly based on Rotterdam criteria.A comprehensive explanation of pathophysiology is still lacking. Nevertheless, it probably is a multifactorial condition with a genetic component. Women suffering from PCOS experience lipid and carbohydrate metabolism disorders, which lead to insulin resistance, obesity, hypertension, and cardiac complications. Insulin resistance affects 65-70% of women and not only plays a significant role in the development of the disease but also contributes to the development of hypertension and dyslipidemia. Potential mechanisms of hypertension in PCOS include endothelial dysfunction, increased aldosterone, and excess testosterone secretion, whereas lipid abnormalities consist of reduced high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), increased triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C). All of these factors cause high cardiovascular risk. Currently, therapy considers both lifestyle improvements and medications and must be tailored on a case-by-case basis. It is very important not to consider PCOS only in the context of gynecological and endocrine diseases, but also metabolic changes and cardiovascular diseases. Treatment of PCOS should be individualized and dependent on the predominant disorders, as well as the short- and long-term goals chosen. It also should take the prevention of cardiovascular diseases into account.
Identification of key parameters by comparing experimental and simulated growth of vapor-deposited amorphous Zr 65 Al 7.5 Cu 27.5 films

Scanning tunneling microscopy growth studies on vapor-deposited amorphous ${\mathrm{Zr}}_{65}{\mathrm{Al}}_{7.5}{\mathrm{Cu}}_{27.5}$ films are analyzed to identify the dominant surface structure forming mechanisms. Qualitative and\char22{}concerning the scaling behavior of surface roughness and height-difference-correlation functions\char22{}also quantitative agreement of the experimental results with numerical simulations of a Monte Carlo model and a continuum model can be achieved. Curvature-induced surface diffusion, adatom concentration triggered surface diffusion, and geometrical effects can be identified to be the key parameters for the experimentally observed surface morphology. Some discrepancies, especially in the late stages of growth, remain, but can be explained qualitatively by additional effects, such as tip convolution or by the limitations of the approximations in the model assumptions.
Multidimensional Quality of Life Across the Spectrum of Alcohol Use Behavior

Objective Quality of life (QoL) is inversely associated with alcohol misuse and is a key measure by which recovery from alcohol use disorder (AUD) might be assessed. Yet, the determinants of QoL are scarcely known. The authors examined three ways through which demographic characteristics, familial and early life factors, and psychopathology conferred risks for QoL, including unique direct effects, developmental pathways, and clinical risk Profiles. Methods Cross‐sectional data from 1095 adults (50.4% without AUD; 49.6% with AUD) who participated in the NIAAA Natural History Protocol from January 2015 to March 2022 were analyzed. Multivariable regressions, path analysis, and latent Profile analysis were conducted. Results AUD was uniquely associated with lower QoL, and adverse effects of child maltreatment history and psychopathology symptoms on QoL were of similar or larger magnitudes. Mediation analysis indicated family history of AUD and child maltreatment history were indirectly associated with lower QoL through higher attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms, higher depressive symptoms, and positive AUD diagnosis. Latent Profile analysis of an enriched set of clinical characteristics identified four latent Profiles capturing the full range of alcohol use behavior. Latent Profiles with greater severity of familial and early life factors, psychopathology, and problematic drinking showed dose‐response associations with lower levels of physical, psychological, social, and environment QoL. Conclusions A constellation of developmental and clinical characteristics disproportionately affects individuals with AUD and is negatively associated with QoL domains. To improve QoL, prevention and intervention need to target multiple factors, including history of child maltreatment, comorbid psychopathology, and problematic drinking itself.
Compact approximation stencils based on integrated radial basis functions for fluid flows

This research project is concerned with the development of compact local integrated radial basis function (CLIRBF) stencils and its verification in the simulation of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluid flows governed by the streamfunction-vorticity formulation. In the CLIRBF stencils, nodal values of the governing equations at selected nodes on a stencil are also incorporated into the IRBF approximations with the help of integration constants to enhance their accuracy.The proposed CLIRBF stencils overcome some of the weaknesses of the local RBF stencils (low order accuracy) and the global RBF approximations (full system matrices). Four main research tasks are carried out • Development of CLIRBF stencils for approximating the field variables and their derivatives. • Incorporation of CLIRBF stencils into two formulations for discretisation of ordinary/partial differential equation (ODEs/PDEs), namely point collocation and subregion collocation. • Discretisation of fourth-order elliptic ODEs/PDEs, sets of two second-order PDEs representing fourth-order PDEs, and second-order ODEs/PDEs. • Discretisation of transient problems, where time derivatives are approximated using the Crank-Nicolson/Adams Bashforth scheme. The proposed CLIRBF stencils are verified in a wide range of problems: (i)ODEs/PDEs with analytic solutions; (ii) heat transfer problems; (iii) Newtonian fluid flows (Burger’s equations, lid-driven cavity flows, natural convection in rectangular and nonrectangular domains); and viscoelastic fluid flows (Poiseuille flows and corrugated tube flows of Oldroyd-B fluid). Numerical verifications show that (i) compact local forms are generally much more accurate than local forms and much more efficient than global forms; and (ii) the CLIRBF-based point/subregion collocation methods yield highly accurate results using relatively coarse grids.
IMPLICIT RENEWAL THEORY AND TAILS OF SOLUTIONS OF RANDOM EQUATIONS

in which ,u is a known probability measure and g a known function. By "implicit renewal theory" is meant a variant in which g is not known and indeed is an integral involving f itself. Renewal-theoretic methods can still give conclusions about f in those circumstances. In what follows we establish a specific implicit renewal theorem in order to study certain random equations, including the following examples which will be discussed in detail:
Relación entre Características de Internalización y Externalización y la Desesperanza en Adolescentes de 17 y 18 años de edad, de Armenia- Quindío

Este estudio buscó identificar la relación existente entre las características de Internalización y Externalización y la Desesperanza en adolescentes de 17 y 18 años de edad, de Armenia- Quindío, dicha investigación se llevó a cabo a partir de una metodología cuantitativa, no experimental con un diseño correlacional y de tipo transversal, por medio de dos pruebas psicométricas, el Sistema de Evaluación de Niños y Adolescentes (SENA) de Fernández-Pinto, Santamaria, Sánchez-Sánchez, Carrasco y del Barrio, y la escala de Desesperanza de Beck, creada por Weissman, Lester y Trexler. Dentro de los resultados se encontraron correlaciones significativas, que muestran la estrecha relación entre las variables de internalización y externalización y la desesperanza, debido a que a mayores índices de desesperanza mayor presencia de pensamientos y conductas negativas que afectan al individuo en las diferentes esferas del funcionamiento.
Making Parental Leave Policies Work for Single Mothers: Lessons from Europe

It is well documented that national parental leave policies encourage parents’ employment. Research on parental leave, though, has generally failed to draw lessons on how leave policy affects the employment and economic well-being of single parents. We examine the extent to which parental leave policies support the employment of single mothers with children under six years old across twenty-seven European countries, showing that single mothers are more likely to work and to work longer hours if they are eligible for parental leave. For single mothers who were not working before childbirth, eligibility for generous leave benefits and longer parental leave are associated with better employment outcomes after childbirth. We argue that while parental leave sustains employment for working single mothers, it might also facilitate entry into employment for nonworking mothers.
Sound Change in The Japanese Numeral Quantifiers

This research deals with the sound change of Japanese numeral quantifiers. The data were collected through introspection method and by asking Japanese native speakers as verifiers. The data were identified in order to investigate which numerals have the potential to undergo some sound change. They were then analyzed phonemically and some phonetically as well. The data analysis focused on the segmental elements and it was conducted synchronically. The results show that there are some processes of and reasons underlying the sound change in the Japanese numeral quantifiers. The most common process of the sound change is assimilation, especially regressive assimilation. Meanwhile, the reasons underlying the sound change are the presence of sound co-articulation, phonotactics in Japanese that prevents any consonant clusters except /QC/ and /NC/, devoicing of high vowel /i/, and to comply with the construction of similar numerals.