Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Electromagnetic torque ripple and copper losses reduction in permanent magnet synchronous machines

SUMMARY This paper presents a method for electromagnetic torque ripple and copper losses reduction in (non-sinusoidal or trapezoidal) surface-mount permanent magnet synchronous machines (SM-PMSM). The method is based on an extension of classical dq transformation that makes it possible to write a vectorial model for this kind of machine (with a non-sinusoidal back-EMF waveform). This model is obtained by the application of that transformation in the classical machine per-phase model. That transformation can be applied to machines that have any type of back-EMF waveform, and not only trapezoidal or square-wave back-EMF waveforms. Implementation results are shown for an electrical converter, using the proposed vectorial model, feeding a non-sinusoidal synchronous machine (brushless DC motor). They show that the use of this vectorial mode is a way to achieve improvements in the performance of this kind of machine, considering the electromagnetic torque ripple and copper losses, if compared to a drive system that employs a classical six-step mode as a converter. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Design and Simulation of Low-Power Multistage Amplifiers

This paper presents a low-power multistage amplifier with a novel capacitor-multiplier frequency compensation (CMFC) technique. The proposed compensation strategy can allow the circuit to occupy less silicon area and to drive large capacitive loads more effectively. Moreover, smaller physical capacitance results in higher gain-bandwidth product (GBW) and improved transient responses. Furthermore, the capacitor multiplier stage (CMS) embedded in CMFC creates a left-half plane (LHP) zero, which boosts the phase margin and enhances the stability of the amplifier. Implemented in a commercial 0.5-μm CMOS technology and driving 500pF capacitive load, a three-stage CMFC amplifier achieves over 120dB gain, 1.699MHz GBW and 1.625V/μS average slew rate, while only dissipating 330μW under 3.3V supply.
Influence of Tween 80 Surfactant on the Binding of Roxatidine Acetate and Roxatidine Acetate–loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles to Lysozyme

The drug binding to protein is an attractive research topic. In order to assess the release of RxAc-CsNPs and their binding with lysozyme under physiological conditions, nanocomposite materials based on chitosan (Cs) and Roxatidine acetate (RxAc) in the presence Tween 80 (Tw80) surfactant were developed. The addition of Tw80 to CsNPs increased RxAc release in vitro. In this work, Stern–Volmer plot and thermodynamic results indicated that the mechanism of Lyz with RxAc and Lyz with RxAc-CsNPs was static mechanism and the main forces in both systems were hydrogen bonding and Van der Waals forces, which indicated that the binding reaction in both systems is spontaneous, exothermic and enthalpically driven. Synchronous fluorescence and CD results indicated that the RxAc and RxAc-CsNPs cause change in the secondary construction of Lyz. It was also found that the addition of Tw80 affects the binding constant of drug with protein. Finally, the molecular docking results have also been in accordance with the results of other techniques. Hence, the developed RxAc loaded Chitosan nanoparticles could be used as an effective strategy for designing and application of the antiulcer drugs. Altogether, the present study can provide an important insight for the future designing of antiulcer drugs.
Transient coupling reduction in edge-coupled coplanar waveguide forward directional couplers

Picosecond pulse propagation is studied in symmetric, edge-coupled, coplanar waveguide (CPW) forward directional couplers. Frequency dependent even-and odd-mode effective dielectric constants are found that exactly equalize for specific multi-layer substrate height configurations at a given frequency. Results of transient coupling reduction are presented in a multi-layer compensated structure. <<ETX>>
Low concentrations of 17β‐estradiol exacerbate tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer treatment through membrane estrogen receptor‐mediated signaling pathways

The present study aims to discover the influences of tamoxifen and 17β‐estradiol (E2) on tamoxifen‐resistant (TamR) patients in vitro. Herein, we established a stabilized TamR MCF‐7 cell line at 1 μM via gradient concentrations of tamoxifen cultivation. The expression changes of four ER subtypes (ERα66, ERβ, ERα36 and GPR30) were found to bring about tamoxifen resistance. Moreover, the generation of tamoxifen resistance involved in apoptosis escape via a reactive oxygen species‐regulated p53 signaling pathway. Interestingly, E2 at environmental concentrations (0.1–10 nM) could activate the expression of both ERα36 and GPR30, and then stimulate the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and Akt, resulting in cell growth promotion. Cell migration and invasion promotion, apoptosis inhibition, and cell cycle G1‐S progression are involved in such proliferative effects. Conversely, the application of specific antagonists of ERα36 and GPR30 could restore tamoxifen's sensitivity as well as partially offset E2‐mediated proliferation. In short, overexpression of ERα36 and GPR30 not only ablate tamoxifen responsiveness but also could promote tumor progression of TamR breast cancer under estrogen conditions. These results provided novel insights into underlying mechanisms of tamoxifen resistance and the negative effects of steroid estrogens at environmental concentrations on TamR MCF‐7 cells, thus generating new thoughts for future management of ER‐positive breast cancer.
Influence of data burst collision on transmission of AWS data through satellite

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Design and Testing of an Adult Age-Independent Online Needs Assessment Tool and Development of Adult Age-Independent Design Guidelines

(Abstract) This thesis addressed the following research activities: (1) Developing and evaluating the usability of an adult age-independent online assessment tool that includes health care related content and is centered on the needs and capabilities of both older and younger users and, (2) Developing adult age-independent design guidelines. An online tool, which was developed for a previous study, was revised according to the results of the previous study and preliminary development activities based upon the user requirements of older adults (50 years or older). The online assessment tool was also tested with younger adults (between 18 and 35 years of age) to determine the differences between younger and older adults. Subsequent to these activities, a final tool that captured the needs of both older and younger adults was developed and evaluated for usability. According to the usability testing results, a design guideline set for an adult age-independent Online Needs Assessment Tool was developed and revisions were conducted in order to develop the final Online Needs Assessment Tool. The results of these studies, along with the tools developed, provide online survey and interface designers information on older and younger adult user requirements. They provide a knowledge resource for older and younger user healthcare information needs and information about the usability of one online assessment tool to accommodate both older and younger adult users. They also assist interface designers to proliferate and to facilitate more rapid application development.
Closed‐form expressions for computation of mutual admittance of a class of gap‐coupled circular microstrip antennas

In this paper, a new set of expressions are presented, which leads to accurate estimation of the mutual admittance and mutual coupling thereof for gap‐coupled circular microstrip antennas. Unlike previous works, the field expressions for both the patches are obtained with respect to one coordinate system, and the circuit theory is used to obtain the admittance parameter. When this mutual admittance is converted to scattering parameters, we obtain the magnitude of mutual coupling. The results presented in the standard literature are compared with those obtained through the present formulation and the accuracy obtained is reasonably good. The method is also extended to incorporate the effects of shorting pins at the center of the two patches. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 924–927, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23251
LEARNING STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT: AN ON-LINE COLLABORATION BETWEEN USA AND SWEDEN

This paper is a report of the continuation and a follow-up of a research project started in the spring of 2005. At that time, two student groups from two separate institutions, as well as countries were connected in an on line platform for a Strategic Management Course. In this second iteration, the research is with a larger number of participating students and a longer interaction period between the students. This paper discusses the main effects of these changes in this collaboration project, along with the pre/post test responses from the students. Additionally, the paper will share the experiences learned when students work in multi-culturally mixed groups to analyze the global automobile industry.
A scheduling model for systems with task and health dependent remaining useful life prognostics

When we schedule a system to perform a task, a factor that should be taken into account is the remaining useful life prognostics of the system. This prognostics of the system may depend not only on the health state of the system, but also on the characteristics of the task to be performed. Assuming such prognostics is available at the time of system scheduling, the problem is to find a method to schedule the system, which can improve the expected profit rate. Two system life models were proposed for the case considered in this paper. Due to the dynamic nature of the problem, a global optimal policy is hard to find, we proposed an approach based on the approximated expected profit rate to schedule the systems. The approach is validated through simulations compared with a number of other task scheduling rules to show the advantage of the proposed approach. We also find the optimal global stationary result by exhaustive search of small scheduling problems of few systems and tasks to compare with the proposed approximate one. Further numerical analyses are presented to demonstrate the process of determining a decision variable and the sensitivity analysis in terms of a cost parameter.
London Transport's Countdown system-A leader in the bus transport revolution

Discusses how London Transport (LT) has been developing a real-time information system as part of its passenger information at bus stops (PIBS) project, which aims to provide passengers waiting at stops with accurate, consistent and reliable information about the arrival of buses. A demonstration trial, marketed as 'Countdown', is being conducted on Route 18 to study technical feasibility and the effect on passengers and revenue, and 50 stops along the route have been fitted with electronic signs.
A development and application of circuit breakers diagnostic and monitoring

The advancement of processes controlled by microprocessors and their reliability, in conjunction with the highly competitive environment of North American utilities with deregulation, means that high reliability monitoring and diagnostic of circuit breakers is seen as a main solution to decrease safely the scheduled maintenance expenditures. These diagnostic and monitoring systems are tailored to the very diversified demands of each utility and are seen by many as a technological answer to the passage of "an optimized maintenance" or, in other words, to only just-on-time maintenance. This paper lists an application of the newly developed CBWatch-2 in Canada, following other applications in Australia, United Kingdom, and Brazil. The final objective is to increase the availability and, ultimately, the overall reliability of the transmission system by optimization of the maintenance practice and to make the utility more cost competitive.
A Roadmap to Transform Learning From Face-to-Face to Online

Online learning offers a flexible learning environment, allowing colleges to attain a global presence and provide a higher caliber of student learning experiences. The implementation of online learning, however at the educational institution can lead to various challenges across three main clusters: students, faculty, and management. An overview of these challenges, based on the review of the current literature, is provided in this paper along with appropriate mitigation strategies. A generalized roadmap is established in this article that illustrates how the transition from face-to-face to online courses can be managed using a series of key steps in three critical phases during online course development: prior to, during, and post course development. The roadmap is applicable to educational institutions interested in starting their online learning journey and can provide additional guidance to institutions with an already established online presence. It facilitates the creation of well-structured online courses for students, ensures faculty are enrolled in professional development activities that support delivery of online courses, and supports managers in developing effective plans to implement technology infrastructure and create policies to support successful online learning.
Sapsan: Framework for Supernovae Turbulence Modeling with Machine Learning

Sapsan is a framework designed to make Machine Learning (ML) more accessible in the study of turbulence, with a focus on astrophysical applications. Sapsan includes modules to load, filter, subsample, batch, and split the data from hydrodynamic (HD) simulations for training and validation. Next, the framework includes built-in conventional and physically-motivated estimators that have been used for turbulence modeling. This ties into Sapsan’s custom estimator module, aimed at designing a custom ML model layer-by-layer, which is the core benefit of using the framework. To share your custom model, every new project created via Sapsan comes with pre-filled, ready-for-release Docker files. Furthermore, training and evaluation modules come with Sapsan as well. The latter, among other features, includes the construction of power spectra and comparison to established analytical turbulence closure models, such as a gradient model. Thus, Sapsan attempts to minimize the hard work required for data preparation and analysis, leaving one to focus on the ML model design itself.
Exploring end-user experiences: Self-perceived notions on use of adaptive cruise control systems

This study explores end-user experiences of adaptive cruise control (ACC) systems. A qualitative approach has been applied and data have been collected by means of focus group interviews. A qualitative content analysis was carried out to analyse and interpret collected data. In total the study consists of three focus group sessions with five to seven participants in each. Themes explored include interaction between user and system, functional limitations and trust, and system effects on driving behaviour. Key findings include reported driving behaviour changes as, for instance, an increasing tendency to stay in the right lane as well as users' conception of system functionality from which it can be concluded that end-users of ACC carry rough mental models of the system. A potentially hazardous situation for other road-users following the use of ACC is highlighted and discussed. In addition, some features desired by the end-users are discussed, for example, the call for conventional cruise control functionality when owing to weather conditions functional limitations are apparent.
Strapdown Inertial Navigation Technology - 2nd Edition

photographing -not to mention walking in the city -plus those of us engaged with defense activities can state it is more convenient to get lost if one knows where this happ ens. Perhaps this is one of the key reasons why methods and technologies for navigation have been an area of continuing efforts and interest. After the introduction of fast moving vehicles, and later when defensive or hostile weapons came into use, it was not sufficient to know where the platform was located but it was really vital to be aware of its momentary alignment, of course , in a three dimensional space. New challenges were put to the shoulders of the navigator. When time, equipment. and location allow, navigation rel ying on external references such as radio beacons on ground or up in the space orbits are often preferred. However, such cooperative systems may not be available, or their performance is inadequat e for the short time constants of platform motion. We are thus forced to use autonomous navigation modes. It is here that inertial navigation systems have.
OPCL coupling of mixed integer-fractional order oscillators: tree and chain implementation

Controlling coupled oscillators and their application are important in diverse areas of nonlinear science and technology. In this paper, a unidirectional Open-Plus-Closed-Loop coupling (OPCL) scheme in controlling two mixed oscillators with emphasis on fractance and integer-order configurations was introduced. The appropriate choice of the controller between coupled non-identical oscillators is justified to achieve the coexistence of anti-phase and complete synchronization via amplitude death. The possibility of controlling one response variable, keeping the other pairs of variable undisturbed are deduced with different configurations. This type of mixed synchronization emanated from coupled integer and fractional-order Sprott-A oscillators without interception and loss of stability. The main novelty in this work is the analog implementation for the coupled integer-order, tree, and chain configurations which are simulated and discussed extensively.
Aqueous angiopoietin-like levels correlate with optical coherence tomography angiography metrics in diabetic macular edema.

AIM To quantitatively detect aqueous levels of angiopoietin-like (ANGPTL)3, ANGPTL4, and ANGPTL6 and investigate their correlation with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) findings in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME). METHODS This cross-sectional study included 23 patients (27 eyes) with type 2 diabetes and 16 control subjects (20 eyes). All patients underwent OCTA imaging and ultra-wide field fundus photography. Diabetic patients were categorized into two groups according to the presence or absence of diabetic retinopathy (DME group, 14 patients, 16 eyes); and non-diabetic retinopathy (NDR) group, 9 patients, 11 eyes, respectively. Aqueous levels of ANGPTL3, ANGPTL4, and ANGPTL6 were assessed using suspension array technology, and foveal-centered 3×3 mm2 OCTA scans were automatically graded to determine the central, inner, and full vessel density (CVD, IVD, FVD); central, inner, and full perfusion density (CPD, IPD, FPD), foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, FAZ perimeter, and FAZ circularity index (FAZ-CI) on superficial capillary plexuses. Additionally, central subfield thickness (CST), cube volume (CV), and cube average thickness (CAT) were measured in a model of macular cube 512×128. RESULTS Aqueous ANGPTL3 levels were not significantly different among the three groups (P>0.05). ANGPTL4 levels were significantly higher in the DME group than the control and NDR groups (P<0.0001 and P<0.001), while ANGPTL6 levels were significantly higher in the DME group than the control group (P<0.05). In the whole cohort, the aqueous ANGPTL3 levels correlated negatively with the IVD, FVD, IPD, and FPD, and positively with the CV and CAT. The aqueous ANGPTL4 levels correlated negatively with the CVD, IVD, FVD, CPD, IPD, and FPD, and positively with the FAZ perimeter, CST, CV, and CAT. The aqueous ANGPTL6 levels correlated negatively with the IVD, FVD, IPD, FPD, FAZ-CI and positively with CST, CV, CAT. CONCLUSION ANGPTL4 and ANGPTL6 may be associated with vascular leakage in DME and may represent good targets for DME therapy. In addition, OCTA metrics may be useful for evaluating macular ischemia in DME.
Evaluation of Test Cases Using Ant Colony Optimization with a New Heuristic Function: A Proposed Approach

A test case in software engineering is a set of conditions or variables under which a tester will determine whether an application or software system is working correctly or not. Before evaluation of test cases, the very first step of utmost importance is to select the appropriate test cases. This step is of great importance as it is difficult to cover all the test cases pertaining to a specific data. Evaluation of test cases is effort consuming and error-prone process. After selecting the appropriate test cases, next comes the various techniques used for evaluation of test cases. In my earlier research, I proposed and implemented the technique used for evaluation of test cases by Ant colony System. But that technique also has some limitations on the part of heuristic function such as pheromone stagnation and it does not cover the timely updation of heuristic function. This paper proposes an Ant Colony Optimization approach for evaluation of test cases but this time it will be with a different heuristic function which is described in the later part of this paper.
Inductive Circuit for Five-Level NPC-VSI DC Voltages Equalising in Multilevel Cascade

Voltage imbalance in the input DC voltage capacitors of multilevel Neutral Point Clamped—Voltage Source Inverter (NPC-VSI) is a well-known problem. The aim of this contribution is to suggest a solution to the instability of the DC capacitor voltages of the Five-Level NPC-VSI. The proposed configuration of the clamping bridge used requires four (04) bidirectional switches and two (02) inductances to ensure the balancing of the DC-bus capacitors. This simple chopper is used in a two two-level PWM rectifier—five-level NPC VSI— Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine cascade. The strategy is validated through a simulation study.