Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Function of eATP/Adenosine Metabolism in Immune Modulation

: The adenosine metabolic pathway is a key player in molecular interactions that control physiological processes, complexly regulating immune response, inflammation, and vital functions. Enzymes like CD39 and CD73 regulate the balance between ATP, ADP, and adenosine, affecting a variety of biological processes. Purinergic signaling is mediated by P1/ adenosine and P2 receptors and influences immune cells such as neutrophils, mononuclear macrophages, dendritic cells, and lymphocytes to form their bidirectional function. The complex dance of purinergic signaling extends its influence on thrombosis, graft rejection, and biological barrier function. In diseases such as thrombosis and graft rejection, dysregulation of CD39 activity may lead to vascular damage and inflammation. In addition, ATP and adenosine have been found to play a role in tumor progression, affecting immune cell subsets and showing potential for therapeutic intervention. By understanding the adenosine metabolic pathway, we can gain insight into its multiple effects on health and disease, paving the way for future biomedical research.
Comparison of Ticagrelor and Clopidogrel in Elective Coronary Stenting: A Double Blind Randomized Clinical Trial

Background Dual antiplatelet therapy with a P2Y12 inhibitor (e.g., clopidogrel and ticagrelor) and aspirin is recommended for at least one year after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) to prevent further myocardial infarction and stent thrombosis as the major adverse effects of PCI. Methods This randomized clinical trial was conducted from October 2022 to March 2023. Patients who had undergone elective PCI were included in the study. Patients were randomized into two different groups. One group took ASA 80 mg and clopidogrel 75 mg once daily, while the other took ASA 80 mg once daily and ticagrelor 90 mg twice daily. After six months of close follow-up, patients were asked to score their dyspnea on a 10-point Likert scale. They were also asked about dyspnea on exertion, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (PND), bleeding, and the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). Results 223 patients were allocated to the clopidogrel group and 214 to the ticagrelor group. In the ticagrelor group, 95 patients (44.3%) reported dyspnea at rest, compared with only 44 patients (19.7%) in the clopidogrel group (P < 0.001). MACEs occurred in 7 patients (2.8%) in the ticagrelor group, compared with 16 (7.6%) in the clopidogrel group (P = 0.031). Eight patients (3.8%) reported bleeding with ticagrelor, as did seven (3.2%) with clopidogrel (P = 0.799). Conclusions New-onset dyspnea was recorded more frequently with ticagrelor than clopidogrel, yet fewer MACEs occurred with ticagrelor (ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT05858918).
Statistical retrieval of thin liquid cloud microphysical properties using ground‐based infrared and microwave observations

In this article, liquid water cloud microphysical properties are retrieved by a combination of microwave and infrared ground‐based observations. Clouds containing liquid water are frequently occurring in most climate regimes and play a significant role in terms of interaction with radiation. Small perturbations in the amount of liquid water contained in the cloud can cause large variations in the radiative fluxes. This effect is enhanced for thin clouds (liquid water path, LWP <100 g/m2), which makes accurate retrieval information of the cloud properties crucial. Due to large relative errors in retrieving low LWP values from observations in the microwave domain and a high sensitivity for infrared methods when the LWP is low, a synergistic retrieval based on a neural network approach is built to estimate both LWP and cloud effective radius (reff). These statistical retrievals can be applied without high computational demand but imply constraints like prior information on cloud phase and cloud layering. The neural network retrievals are able to retrieve LWP and reff for thin clouds with a mean relative error of 9% and 17%, respectively. This is demonstrated using synthetic observations of a microwave radiometer (MWR) and a spectrally highly resolved infrared interferometer. The accuracy and robustness of the synergistic retrievals is confirmed by a low bias in a radiative closure study for the downwelling shortwave flux, even for marginally invalid scenes. Also, broadband infrared radiance observations, in combination with the MWR, have the potential to retrieve LWP with a higher accuracy than a MWR‐only retrieval.
Possible Hereditary Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: from Clinical to Genetic Investigation in Precision Medicine Era

Background: Pulmonary Hypertension is a life-threatening disease characterized by a progressive increase of pulmonary vascular resistance that often leads to right ventricular (RV) failure and death. Major discoveries have been obtained within the last decade in the field of hereditary predisposition to pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). At least 6% of all PAH cases are familial in origin known as Familial Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (FPAH) and display autosomal dominant inheritance with incomplete penetrance. While early diagnosis is associated with improved long-term survival, however at present, most patients are diagnosed at a very advanced stage of HPAH indicating that the early screening for HPAH is crucial. In this regard, genetic testing is an effective strategy for the early diagnosis and management of PAH, specifically Hereditary Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (HPAH). We present two cases of Familial Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension and in-depth analysis of diagnostic cascade to allow an earlier and more reliable diagnosis of possible Hereditary Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (HPAH). Case Illustration: Familial cases, a 44-years old man and his son a 17-years old boy, came with chief complaint of dyspnea. His daughter or his sister passed away when 4 years old due to PH. Both patients had been subsequently diagnosed with PAH with possible HPAH after the exclusion of primary and secondary heart anomalies using electrocardiography, echocardiography, and cardiac marker test. Both patients subsequently were performed right heart catheterization (RHC). Conclusions: We describe familial cases of pulmonary hypertension with clinically presenting right-sided heart failure. Diagnostic investigation was performed according to recent guideline to rule out and rule in all the possible cause of pulmonary hypertension. However, the final assessment showed unknown cause of pre-capillary pulmonary hypertension. Therefore, genetic investigation should be performed in precision medicine era due to high possibility of hereditary pulmonary arterial hypertension.
Spatio-Temporal Variability and Trend of Rainfall and Its Association with Pacific Ocean Sea Surface Temperature in West Harerge Zone, Eastern Ethiopia

Background: Rainfall variability is a common characteristic in Ethiopia and it exceedingly affects agriculture particularly in the eastern parts of the country where rainfall is relatively scarce. Hence, understanding the spatio-temporal variability of rainfall is indispensable for planning mitigation measures during high and low rainfall seasons. This study examined the spatio-temporal variability and trends of rainfall in the West Harerge Zone, eastern Ethiopia.Method: The coefficient of variation (CV) and standardized anomaly index (SAI) was employed to analyze rainfall variability while Mann-Kendall (MK) trend test and Sen’s slop estimator were employed to examine the trend and magnitude of the rainfall changes, respectively. The association between rainfall and Pacific Ocean Sea Surface Temperature (SST) was also evaluated by the Pearson correlation coefficient (r). Results: The annual rainfall CV ranges from 12-19.36% while the seasonal rainfall CV extends from 15-28.49%, 24-35.58%, and 38-75.9% for average Kiremt (June-September), Belg (February-May), and Bega (October-January) seasons, respectively (1983-2019). On the monthly basis, the trends of rainfall decreased in all months except in July, October, and November. However, the trends of rainfall were not statistically significant (α = 0.05), unlike November. The annual rainfall trends showed a non-significant decreasing trend. On a seasonal basis, the trend of mean Kiremt and Belg seasons rainfall was decreased. But, it increased in Bega season although it was not statistically significant. Moreover, the correlation between rainfall and Pacific Ocean SST was negative for Kiremt while positive for Belg and Bega seasons. Besides, the correlation between rainfall and Pacific Ocean SST was negative at annual time scales.Conclusions: High spatial and temporal rainfall variability on monthly, seasonal, and annual time scales was observed in the study area. Seasonal rainfall has high inter-annual variability in the dry season (Bega) than other seasons. The trends in rainfall were decreased in most of the months. Besides, the trend of rainfall was increased annually and in the Bega season rather than other seasons. Generally, the occurrence of droughts in the study area was associated with ENSO events like most other parts of Ethiopia and East Africa.
CONTRIBUTING FACTORS AFFECTING SPIRITUAL INTELLIGENCE OF NURSES AT BANDUNG HOSPITAL IN INDONESIA

Background: Nurses are required to conduct themselves professionally at all times, without compromising procedure or the patient's pleasure. Each day, they confront a variety of workplace stresses that might jeopardize their health and possibly result in a reduction or lack of enthusiasm to work. Objectives: The study aimed to determine contribute factors of nurses' spiritual intelligence at Bandung City Hospital based on their characteristics. Methods: This research used a descriptive quantitative method and Spiritual Intelligence of Self Report Inventory (SISRI-24) to collect the data. The respondents were 239 nurses selected using the total population technique. The univariate analysis was used to explain the various levels of spiritual intelligence based on the nurse's characteristics Results: The results show that the nurses' spiritual intelligence in Bandung City Regional General Hospital is 49% high and 51% low. It was also discovered that a high level of spiritual intelligence was based on the following characteristics: aged 41-60 years old, male, and on more- than-10-year tenure, Nursing School graduates, head nurses and nurses assigned at a hemodialysis unit. Conclusion: The research concludes that more than half of the respondents have a low level of spiritual intelligence. Therefore, holding Emotional Spiritual Quotient training is recommended, especially for nurses relatively new to the job. The study has implication because spiritual intelligence is vital in nursing, significantly impacting care quality, well-being of all involved, and leading to better patient outcomes and job satisfaction.
Compact and Low-Phase-Noise Oscillator Employing Multilayer Sixteenth-Mode Substrate-Integrated Waveguide Filter for 5G Applications

In this paper, a compact and low-phase-noise (PN) free-running oscillator designed by sixteenth-mode substrate-integrated waveguide (SMSIW) bandpass filter (BPF) for 5G applications is proposed. The size of SMSIW cavity exhibits only one-sixteenth of the conventional SIW cavity. The SMSIW BPF is designed by using multilayered printed circuit board (PCB) process, and the active circuits and power divider are positioned on the top layer and bottom layer, respectively. The vertical feedback is achieved by using feedlines of SMSIW BPF and metallic via-hole. A parallel feedback configuration oscillator with four-order cross-coupling SMSIW BPF has been designed, fabricated, and measured. The measured results show that at the oscillation frequency of 3.52 GHz with −1.5-dBm output power, the PN is −107.36 and −132.07 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz and 1 MHz frequency offset, respectively. The figure of merit (FOM) at 1-MHz frequency offset is −191 dBc/Hz. Moreover, the size of SMSIW BPF is only $0.267\lambda _{\mathbf {0}}\times 0.109\lambda _{\mathbf {0}}$ . The proposed oscillator effectively demonstrates the advantages of compact size and low PN.
Problemen door versteningen bij geotechnisch onderzoek

The presence of hard concretions and lithified horizons in the subsoil causes problems for the soil investigator, by limiting the depth of in-situ tests. These problems become even more hazardous if the presence of the hard stones is not detected as such by soiltests. Possibilities and limitations of geotechnical site investigation techniques for the detection of hard stones are discussed. Some techniques are described which are used in CPT-testing and drilling for the perforation of stone beds, and thus allowing for greater depth to be reached. Three case histories from North Belgium show the impact of the presence of hard stones in the subsoil on geotechnical site investigation. 1 Ministerie van de Vlaamse Gemeenschap, Departement Leefmilieu en Infrastructuur, Administratie Ondersteunende Studies en Opdrachten, Afdeling Geotechniek, Tramstraat 52 - B-9052 Zwijnaarde.
Silicon–Nanodiamond-Based Anode for a Lithium-Ion Battery

Maintaining the physical integrity of a silicon-based anode, which suffers from damage caused by severe volume changes during cycling, is a top priority in its practical applications. The performance of silicon-flake-based anodes has been significantly improved by mixing nanodiamond powders with silicon flakes for the fabrication of anodes for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Nanodiamonds adhere to the surfaces of silicon flakes and are distributed in the binder between flakes. A consistent and robust solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) is promoted by the aid of abundant reactive surface-linked functional groups and exposed dangling bonds of nanodiamonds, leading to enhanced physical integrity of the silicon flakes and the anode. The battery’s high-rate discharge capabilities and cycle life are thus improved. SEM, Raman spectroscopy, and XRD were applied to examine the structure and morphology of the anode. Electrochemical performance was evaluated to demonstrate a capacity retention of nearly 75% after 200 cycles, with the final specific capacity exceeding 1000 mAh/g at a test current of 4 mA/cm2. This is attributed to the improved stability of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) structure that was achieved by integrating nanodiamonds with silicon flakes in the anode, leading to enhanced cycling stability and rapid charge-discharge performance. The results from this study present an effective strategy of achieving high-cycling-performance by adding nanodiamonds to silicon-flake-based anodes.
The influence of accelerometer epoch length on physical activity output in adolescent athletes

Epoch in accelerometer measurements is an important option that affects the results of physical activity (PA) analysis. Many studies have been conducted to investigate the effect of epoch on PA output in adolescents, but few have been performed on highly active youth athletes. We aimed to examine the differences in energy expenditure and time spent in different activity intensities by applying various epoch lengths in adolescent athletes. The participants of this study comprised 31 male athletes aged 12 to 13 in basketball, soccer, and taekwondo teams. Athletes wore a tri-axial accelerometer attached to the right hip for 6 to 7 consecutive days, including sleeping time. Subsequently, the recorded data from the accelerometer were downloaded using the ActiLife software and analyzed by varying the epoch to 1, 10, 30, and 60 sec. Daily average metabolic equivalents (METs) increased as the epoch increased (F=2.918, P=0.037), showing a significant difference between 1 and 60-sec epochs. As epoch length increased, sedentary (0–1.5 METs) (F=94.001, P=0.000) and high intensity (6 METs and higher) activity time (F=3.536, P=0.017) decreased, while low (1.5–3 METs) (F=173.949, P= 0.000), moderate (3–6 METs) (F=70.792, P=0.000), and moderate-to-vigorous activity (3 METs and higher intensity) (F=34.683, P=0.000) times increased. Comparing PA among adolescent athletes by varying epoch settings of accelerometers revealed differences in PA levels and time spent in different activity intensities. Future studies should consider the characteristic changes in the PA outputs according to the epoch length in very active adolescent athletes.
Gestión integral de riesgos en grandes organizaciones de Medellín (Colombia): caso de estudio Sistema FORE

La gestión integral de riesgos es una disciplina en desarrollo que se perfecciona cada vez más en las organizaciones a escala mundial. Esta investigación se realiza en Colombia, uno de los países en Latinoamérica con mayor nivel de madurez en la implementación de la gestión de riesgos. Se emplea como metodología el estudio de caso descriptivo y múltiple, observando en tres grandes organizaciones de Medellín (Colombia) la implementación del sistema para la gestión integral de riesgos: FORE. Los resultados indican que es necesario superar retos importantes, como pasar de los planes de reacción a los de prevención, evolucionar en los sistemas de riesgos, de gestión parcializada a gestión integral, en la que participen todos los procesos y sus líderes, y el convencimiento de la alta dirección frente a los beneficios que trae su implementación. Estas y otras brechas fueron analizadas mediante el análisis de la implementación del sistema FORE, que además de servir de soporte como herramienta tecnológica, promueve el fortalecimiento de la gestión de riesgos, convirtiéndola en un medio para la toma de decisiones de la alta dirección. Cabe anotar que este nivel de la organización ve en los sistemas de riesgos una herramienta para alcanzar las metas operacionales, financieras y estratégicas de sus negocios.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

In this term paper, the emphasis is given on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and infertility problem due to it. PCOS is one of the common endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age. In this condition, what basically happens is the ovaries contain multiple cysts or follicles that develop but do not grow to maturity or produce eggs that are capable of being fertilized. Due to this problem of lack of ovulation, women with PCOS problem also suffer from major problem of infertility. In present scenario, researchers have yet not found the exact cause of PCOS but recent studies and present researches that are going on have come out with some causes like hormonal imbalance, resistance to insulin, genetic factors etc. Due to imbalance in hormones, women have irregular menstrual periods. The two hormones namely, estrogen and progesterone, responsible for woman’s ovaries to release eggs, are at lower level than normal level and then they lack follicle maturation. The result of it is that there is a filled cyst in the ovaries in which follicle mature to enlarge, forming cysts and hence polycystic ovary. Several physical symptoms appear in woman suffering from PCOS like irregular periods, hirutism etc. During the process of diagnosis, the patient is asked about his medical history and doctor will perform some basic tests like pelvic exam, ultrasound, blood test, and screening laboratory tests etc. Till present, there is no perfect cure for treatment of PCOS. But to reduce the symptoms and the problem of infertility associated with it, researchers have come up with certain treatments. Metformin therapy is advised by doctors to stimulate continuation of normal, ovulatory menstrual cycles. LH-releasing hormone (LHRH) analogs and Clomiphene citrate are the medicines which will help in getting pregnant and help the ovaries to grow follicles and release eggs.
Analisis Kemampuan Berpikir Komputasional Berdasarkan Mathematics Self-Concept (MSC) dengan Mengontrol Kemampuan Awal Matematis (KAM)

Salah satu kemampuan abad 21 yang perlu dikembangkan dalam dunia pendidikan adalah berpikir komputasi. Pengembangan kemampuan berpikir komputasional perlu memperhatikan faktor yang mempengaruhi, contohnya adalah Mathematics self-concept (MSC) dan Kemampuan Awal Matematika (KAM). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan berpikir komputasional dengan perbedaan MSC pada siswa dengan KAM tinggi. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Kemampuan berpikir komputasional terdiri atas empat komponen, yaitu dekomposisi, abstraksi, pengenalan pola, dan berpikir algoritmik. Teknik pengumpulan data penelitian menggunakan instrumen tes dan wawancara. Teknik analisis data meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Berdasarkan penelitian diperoleh bahwa perbedaan MSC siswa sangat berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan berpikir komputasional yang dimiliki siswa. KAM juga berperan penting pada saat proses pengenalan pola dan berpikir algoritmik. MSC positif dan KAM tinggi memampukan siswa melakukan semua komponen berpikir komputasional, sedangkan MSC negatif menjadi kendala karena siswa kurang antusias dan tidak mau memperbaiki jika kesalahan terjadi. Saran untuk penelitian selanjutnya yaitu perlu dilakukan pengembangan kemampuan berpikir komputasional dengan sebelumnya meningkatkan KAM dan MSC siswa.
Modeling the Flowering Activation Motif during Vernalization in Legumes: A Case Study of M. trancatula

In many plant species, flowering is promoted by the cold treatment or vernalization. The mechanism of vernalization-induced flowering has been extensively studied in Arabidopsis but remains largely unknown in legumes. The orthologs of the FLC gene, a major regulator of vernalization response in Arabidopsis, are absent or non-functional in the vernalization-sensitive legume species. Nevertheless, the legume integrator genes FT and SOC1 are involved in the transition of the vernalization signal to meristem identity genes, including PIM (AP1 ortholog). However, the regulatory contribution of these genes to PIM activation in legumes remains elusive. Here, we presented the theoretical and data-driven analyses of a feed-forward regulatory motif that includes a vernalization-responsive FT gene and several SOC1 genes, which independently activate PIM and thereby mediate floral transition. Our theoretical model showed that the multiple regulatory branches in this regulatory motif facilitated the elimination of no-sense signals and amplified useful signals from the upstream regulator. We further developed and analyzed four data-driven models of PIM activation in Medicago trancatula in vernalized and non-vernalized conditions in wild-type and fta1-1 mutants. The model with FTa1 providing both direct activation and indirect activation via three intermediate activators, SOC1a, SOC1b, and SOC1c, resulted in the most relevant PIM dynamics. In this model, the difference between regulatory inputs of SOC1 genes was nonessential. As a result, in the M. trancatula model, the cumulative action of SOC1a, SOC1b, and SOC1c was favored. Overall, in this study, we first presented the in silico analysis of vernalization-induced flowering in legumes. The considered vernalization network motif can be supplemented with additional regulatory branches as new experimental data become available.