Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Caractérisation et modélisation de l'endommagement par microfissuration des composites stratifiés - Apports des mesures de champs et de l'homogénéisation

Ce travail porte sur l'endommagement des materiaux composites stratifies utilises notamment pour la realisation de pieces structurales minces. La degradation de ces materiaux induite par la creation et le developpement de surfaces de decohesion internes est abordee sous deux angles. Une campagne experimentale a tout d'abord ete menee sur des stratifies en carbone-epoxy realises par infusion de resine liquide et sollicites en traction uniaxiale. Cette etude propose une analyse originale a l'aide de trois techniques optiques permettant une caracterisation de l'endommagement par mesures de champs : cinematiques (par stereo-correlation d'images), thermiques (par thermographie infrarouge) et densimetriques (par tomographie a rayons X). Le second volet du travail concerne la modelisation de la microfissuration dans le contexte d'une anisotropie initiale. A cette fin, une homogeneisation bidimensionnelle de milieux orthotropes fissures permet la prise en compte de defauts d'orientation arbitraire et des effets unilateraux (ouverture-fermeture des microfissures) au sein d'une formulation energetique en deformation. Sur cette base, un modele de comportement est propose dans le cadre de la thermodynamique des processus irreversibles avec variables internes. Des simulations numeriques permettent de demontrer les capacites predictives de la formulation, en particulier la representation du comportement non lineaire de ces materiaux, l'interaction entre les anisotropies initiale et induite et la restitution des proprietes elastiques lors de la fermeture de defauts.
Cloud Computing – a Classification, Business Models, and Research Directions

The article describes a technical classification of Grid and Cloud Computing for a profound discussion on the business opportunities of the Cloud Computing paradigm. For this purpose, we present a framework for business models in Clouds. With the help of this framework business models can be placed at infrastructure, platform or application level. Subsequently, we discuss currently existing Cloud services which are integrated into the framework as well as categorized according to their pricing model and service type. Finally, the paper discusses challenges that have to be mastered in order to make the Cloud vision come true, such as the development of a Cloud API, the pricing of complex services, as well as security and reliability.
IEEE Paper Template in A4 (V1)

This paper features a single-input single-output (SISO). The suggested circuit is depend on OTRA which is referred as operational transresistance amplifier. and OTRA recommended on the parameters of its increasing slew rate and large bandwidth as compared to conventional circuit containing operational amplifier. In this paper Bessel Higher order All Pass filter structure are described and their simulation is carried out in PSPICE with the help of 0. 5μm CMOS technology and simulation result follows the theoretical approach. Keywords— OTRA, Higher Order All Pass Filter, SISO, Bessel, PSPICE, slew rate
Pre-training on Synthetic Driving Data for Trajectory Prediction

Accumulating substantial volumes of real-world driving data proves pivotal in the realm of trajectory forecasting for autonomous driving. Given the heavy reliance of current trajectory forecasting models on data-driven methodologies, we aim to tackle the challenge of learning general trajectory forecasting representations under limited data availability. We propose to augment both HD maps and trajectories and apply pre-training strategies on top of them. Specifically, we take advantage of graph representations of HD-map and apply vector transformations to reshape the maps, to easily enrich the limited number of scenes. Additionally, we employ a rule-based model to generate trajectories based on augmented scenes; thus enlarging the trajectories beyond the collected real ones. To foster the learning of general representations within this augmented dataset, we comprehensively explore the different pre-training strategies, including extending the concept of a Masked AutoEncoder (MAE) for trajectory forecasting. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our data expansion and pre-training strategies, which outperform the baseline prediction model by large margins, e.g. 5.04%, 3.84% and 8.30% in terms of $MR_6$, $minADE_6$ and $minFDE_6$.
Decomposing Arctic Land Cover - Implications of heterogeneity and scale for the estimation of energy fluxes inArctic tundra landscapes

The rapid rate of environmental change in the Arctic alters the exchange of water, carbon, and energy fluxes between the land surface and the atmosphere with global impacts on ecosystems and climate. This thesis investigates the effect of mixed satellite signals on land cover mapping and on the estimation of latent heat fluxes, QE, and land surface temperature (LST) in three Arctic tundra environments in the Lena Delta (Siberia, Russia), on Bathurst Island (Canadian High Arctic), and the Barrow Peninsula (Alaska, USA). Land cover maps were derived from optical and radar remote sensing data with resolutions of 4m or better to decompose satellite mixed pixels with resolutions of 17m (CHRIS/PROBA) and 30m (Landsat5-TM). Downscaling land/water cover via Landsat surface albedo increased the total water surface area of the Lena Delta from 13% to 20%. Ponds, i. e. , water bodies with a surface area smaller than 10^4 m, made over 95% of the total number of water bodies at all sites. Water body size-distributions deviated from a power law function for ponds and very large lakes which could only be detected with high-resolution water body mapping. Maximum spatial differences of up to 22 W/m^2 for QE and 10°C for LST were associated with fair weather perios dominated by high net radiation and little precipitation. Uncertainties of �35% would arise in Landsat-based QE mapping, and of �30% in MODIS-based LST mapping when subpixel land cover heterogeneities are not considered. Results of this thesis highlight the importance of integrating detailed field studies with multi-scale remote sensing data to determine fine-scale spatial differences in energy fluxes over larger areas in Arctic tundra landscapes. Land cover maps with spatial resolutions of 2m or better are necessary to ensure the quality and representativeness of land cover statistics. This thesis proposes to compile improved subpixel land cover statistics in different Arctic ecosytems to facilitate upscaling of the surface energy balance as well as carbon fluxes to larger-scale grids. This is a crucial task regarding the great uncertainty associated with the global estimation of feedbacks between the Arctic surface and the atmosphere under a changing climate.
Perioperative risk of non-cardiac surgery in patients with asymptomatic significant aortic stenosis: a 10-year retrospective study

BACKGROUND Aortic valve stenosis (AS) is a representative geriatric disease, and there is an anticipated rise in the number of patients requiring non-cardiac surgeries in patients with AS. However, there is still a lack of research on the primary predictors of non-cardiac perioperative complications in patients with asymptomatic significant AS. METHOD AND RESULT Among the cohort of non-cardiac surgeries under general anesthesia, with an intermediate-to-high risk of surgery from 2011 to 2019, at Samsung Medical Center, 221 patients were identified to have asymptomatic significant AS. First, to examine the impact of significant AS on perioperative adverse events, the occurrences of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events (MACE) and Perioperative Adverse Cardiovascular Events (PACE) were compared between patients with asymptomatic significant AS and the control group. Second, to identify the factors influencing the perioperative adverse events in patients with asymptomatic significant AS, multivariable logistic regression model was used. There was no significant difference between the three groups consisting of control group, moderate asymptomatic AS group, and severe asymptomatic AS group in the event rate of MACE (p value 0.971) and PACE (p value 0.185). Cardiac damage stage was significant risk factor of MACE (OR 9.241, 95% CI: 1.314 - 64.976, p-value = 0.025) and PACE (OR 2.199, 95% CI: 1.055 - 4.584, p-value = 0.036). CONCLUSION There was no significant difference in major post-operative cardiovascular events between patients with asymptomatic significant AS and the control group. Advanced cardiac damage stage in significant AS is a key factor in perioperative risk of non-cardiac surgery.
The influence of competition and dimensional-spatial characteristics of trees on their radial growth in Old-Growth Slătioara forest, Romania.

The paper tries to identify how the radial growths of trees from old-growth forests are influenced by some forest structural elements, but also how the radial growths depend on the biometric characteristics of trees. The analysis was made for mixed natural stands of coniferous and beech from Slătioara Natural Reserve. All selected natural stands have an uneven-aged structure. The main results have showed that tree diameter influences the radial growth especially in the case of shadow intolerant species (Norway spruce); when the preferences for light are decreasing, the correlation level between the two mentioned characteristics is also decreasing (beech, silver fir). The influence of neighbouring competitors on the radial growths of trees from the three main species was determined. The first ten competitor trees were identified and their competition on the reference trees was calculated according to the Hegyi pattern. It was found that, in natural uneven-aged stands, radial growths are mostly influenced by the competition exerted by the first nine competitor neighbours for Norway spruce, the first two competitor neighbours for silver fir and the first seven in case of beech. The competing neighbours that mostly influence the radial growth were analysed with respect to their azimuth against the reference trees. It was observed that the radial growths of Norway spruce are mostly influenced by the competitors located in S and SE. For silver fir and beech the highest influence over the radial growths comes from the competitors located in NE and E.
An introductory survey of probability density function control

Probability density function (PDF) control strategy investigates the controller design approaches where the random variables for the stochastic processes were adjusted to follow the desirable distributions. In other words, the shape of the system PDF can be regulated by controller design.Different from the existing stochastic optimization and control methods, the most important problem of PDF control is to establish the evolution of the PDF expressions of the system variables. Once the relationship between the control input and the output PDF is formulated, the control objective can be described as obtaining the control input signals which would adjust the system output PDFs to follow the pre-specified target PDFs. Motivated by the development of data-driven control and the state of the art PDF-based applications, this paper summarizes the recent research results of the PDF control while the controller design approaches can be categorized into three groups: (1) system model-based direct evolution PDF control; (2) model-based distribution-transformation PDF control methods and (3) data-based PDF control. In addition, minimum entropy control, PDF-based filter design, fault diagnosis and probabilistic decoupling design are also introduced briefly as extended applications in theory sense.
Evaluation and Analysis of an LSTM and GRU Based Stock Investment Strategy

Confronted with an extremely complicated and volatile external environment, it is such a tremendous challenge for researchers and investors to predict the stock market prices. To address the challenge, this paper proposes three steps for stock investment. The stock selection is based on a special ratio which is forward PE divided by trailing PE. This ratio can better evaluate the growth of individual stocks. The research found that stocks that have low PE ratios show strong growth in the price prediction part. Two deep learning-based stock market prediction models are proposed to predict the tendency. LSTM and GRU models are separately adopted to predict future trends of stock prices based on the price history. The experimental results show that the GRU model can improve prediction accuracy and reduce time delay, compared to the consequences of the LSTM model. After determining the scope of investment, to reduce the risk of investment in the stock market, get a higher or more stable rate of return, and achieve a good investment, this study calculated the correlation between these stocks’ changes and then optimize the asset allocation. Monte Carlo model and SLSQP model are used to get the correlation between stocks and both of them to give the respective optimal portfolio. From the latter’s results, the diversity of portfolios decreases with the optimization of asset allocation.
The medicinal fungus Antrodia cinnamomea regulates Dna repair and enhances the radiosensitivity of human esophageal cancer cells

: This study investigated the adjunctive effects of Antrodia cinnamomea mycelial fermentation broth ( AC -MFB), a Taiwanese medicinal fungus, in enhancing the radiosensitivity of esophageal cancer cells. Human CE81T/VGH squamous and BE3 adenocarcinoma esophageal cancer cells were used in this study. A colony formation assay showed that pre-treatment with AC -MFB decreased the survival of irradiated esophageal cancer cells, with a maximum sensitizer enhancement ratio of 1.91% and 37% survival. A DNA histogram study showed that AC -MFB pretreatment enhanced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase, the most radiosensitive phase. An immunofluorescence assay and a Western blotting assay showed that AC -MFB delayed the abrogation of γ -H2AX, upregulated p21 expression, and attenuated the radiation-induced phosphorylation of ataxia telangiectasia-mutated kinase and checkpoint kinase 2. An in vivo validation study showed that AC -MFB treatment tended to have a synergistic effect with radiation on the tumor growth delay of CE81T/VGH cells in BALB/c mice. These data suggest that this edible fungus product could enhance the effect of radiotherapy against esophageal cancer.
Schizophrenia-like psychosis and epilepsy: the status of the association.

OBJECTIVE Current knowledge of the relationship between epilepsy and schizophrenia-like psychosis is examined, and the proposed pathogenetic mechanisms are evaluated. METHOD The author provides an overview of the published literature on epilepsy and schizophrenia-like psychosis. RESULTS The schizophrenia-like psychoses of epilepsy are inadequately categorized by the current classifications. Their categorization into ictal, postictal, and interictal psychoses is clinically useful, but it does not imply distinct pathophysiology for each. The recent interest in postictal psychoses has opened an important avenue for research. Brief interictal psychoses, involving alternation between epilepsy and psychosis and accompanied by forced normalization, are uncommon. Many aspects of the relationship with chronic interictal psychosis remain controversial. The majority of investigators support a special but not exclusive relationship with mediobasal temporal lobe epilepsy, and left temporal bias receives only limited support. The chronic psychosis resembles schizophrenia phenomenologically. Some suggested risk factors are severe and intractable epilepsy, epilepsy of early onset, secondary generalization of seizures, certain anticonvulsant drugs, and temporal lobectomy. Different neuropathological studies suggest the presence of cortical dysgenesis or diffuse brain damage. CONCLUSIONS There are many mechanisms by which epilepsy may be associated with schizophrenia-like psychosis. It is likely that structural brain abnormalities, e.g., cortical dysgenesis or diffuse brain lesions, underlie both epilepsy and psychosis, and that the seizures modify the presentation of the psychosis, and vice versa, thus producing a clinical picture of both an affinity and an antagonism between the two disorders.
Wideband bandpass filters with reconfigurable bandwidth and fixed notch bands based on terminated cross‐shaped resonator

In this study, a series of wideband bandpass filters (BPFs) with reconfigurable bandwidth and two fixed notch bands are presented. The fundamental topology is based on a new terminated cross-shaped resonator (TCSR), which has three poles and four zeros. With the assistance of two symmetrical parallel coupled-lines, another four poles and two zeros are introduced. As such, a notched-band bandpass filter with multiple transmission poles and zeros are achieved. To realise the reconfigurable bandwidth, four PIN diodes are used. By controlling the status (switching on/off) of these PIN diodes, three reconfigurable-bandwidth states can be implemented while the notch bands and centre frequency are maintained unaltered. Meanwhile, it is also found that the lower bandwidth edge of the proposed filter can be independently reconfigurable by inserting a capacitor into the lower stub of the novel TCSR, while the notch bands are kept unchanged. For validation, three prototypes are designed, fabricated, and measured. The measured results agree well with theoretical analysis and therefore verify the simple designing approach of reconfigurable BPFs.
Laboratory studies of irradiated Enceladus ice analogues

The phenomenal revelation by the Cassini spacecraft of exospheric plumes spewing from the surface of Enceladus into space [1] overturned our common perception that icy moons are geologically inactive and cold planetary bodies in our solar system. Instead, the on-board magnetometer detected a disturbance in Saturn’s magnetosphere due to plumes outgassing, hereby hinting at the existence of a subsurface ocean [2] which motivated closer flybys of the icy moon. The observation of the plumes’ composition further revealed the presence of complex organics [3] and raised the question of their origin. The icy grains in the plumes that exceed the escape velocity travel outward to Saturn’s E-ring from 4 to 8 Saturn radii. A study by Nölle et al. evidenced how during this journey the organic portion within the ice is strongly altered by impinging photons, while the degradation of salt rich particles is dominated by plasma sputtering [4]. Past studies have extensively probed the vacuum-UV (VUV) irradiation of icy grains in the interstellar medium [5,6], whereas little is known about photon irradiation of ices under environmental conditions characteristic for those present on icy moons such as Enceladus. New insights from space-based instruments onboard ESA’s JUICE or NASA’s Europa Clipper spacecraft are expected to arrive at similar ocean-bearing worlds in the 2030s. Therefore, preparatory laboratory studies are essential in order to advance our
Development of a global cloud resolving model - a multi-scale structure of tropical convections -

We have developed a global cloud resolving model, that is a new high resolution atmospheric gen- eral circulation model. It is a grid model with icosahedral structure and is based on the non-hydrostatic equa- tions. The new model is called Nonhydrostatic ICosahedral Atmospheric Model (NICAM). At present, the first version of the model is almost completed. We evaluated the model performance by several test cases on the Earth Simulator, and found a very good computational efficiency. The main target is high-resolution climate simulations by improving representation of cumulus convec- tion with resolutions less than 5 km in horizontal directions. The global cloud resolving approach enables us to avoid use of cumulus parameterization that is one of the most ambiguous components of current climate modeling. We have performed global cloud-resolving simulations with super-high resolutions on an aqua planet setup using NICAM. We studied the resolution dependency of the results and found that the simulations with grid intervals of 7 km and 3.5 km well capture hierarchical structure of clouds from cloud resolving scale to global scale. These successful results suggest that the global cloud-resolving simulation becomes one of promising approaches in the climate research field in the near future.
Localized Nanogap Plasmonics: Extreme nanophotonics from ultrathin metallic gaps

: Ultrathin dielectric gaps between metals can trap plasmonic optical modes with surprisingly low loss and with volumes below 1nm 3 . We review the origin and subtle properties of these modes, and show how they can be well accounted for by simple models. Particularly important is the mixing between radiating antenna and confined nanogap modes, which is extremely sensitive to precise nano-geometry, right down to the single atom level. Coupling nanogap plasmons to electronic and vibronic transitions yields a host of phenomena including single-molecule strong coupling and molecular optomechanics, opening access to atomic-scale chemistry and material science, and quantum metamaterials. Ultimate low-energy devices such as robust bottom-up assembled single-atom switches are thus in prospect. Because they couple optical fields with electronic excitations, plasmonic nanostructures confine light to dimensions far smaller than the free-space wavelength. Highlighted since the earliest studies 1 , interest in the 1990s grew when local fields around nanostructures could be directly measured by near-field scanning optical microscopy 2,3 . Plasmon nanostructures gained rapid appreciation as routes to optical devices unconstrained by the wavelength of light, yielding viable nanophotonic devices 4–6 . A
MANUFACTURING RISK-FREE GOVERNMENT DEBT

Governments face a trade-off between insuring bondholders and insuring taxpayers. If they insure bondholders by manufacturing risk-free zero-beta debt, then they can only provide limited insurance to taxpayers against macroeconomic shocks, whether the shocks are permanent or temporary. Taxpayers will pay more taxes in bad times. How limited depends on the cyclicality and persistence of government debt and spending. Permanent shocks limit taxpayer insurance by imputing long-run risk into the debt, while transitory shocks impute interest rate risk that must be offset through taxation to keep the debt safe. Conversely, if governments insure taxpayers against adverse macro shocks, then the debt becomes risky. Convenience yields on government debt temporarily alleviate the trade-off.