Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
L’albitisation dans le granite de Lansac-StArnac : paroxysme de la métasomatosesodique pyrénéenne au Crétacé

La metasomatose sodique se traduit par une albitisation des roches. Elle resulte de la circulation de fluides d’origine crustale ou de surface. On l’observe dans des contextes geologiques tres varies, la frequence du phenomene etant due au caractere ubiquiste des circulations de fluides dans les milieux naturels et a la grande solubilite du sodium dans ces fluides – Na se trouve ainsi parmi les plus mobiles des cations dans les fluides geologiques. Le contexte geodynamique cretace des Pyrenees – extension lithospherique entrainant l’exhumation de roches mantelliques en surface et fort flux de chaleur associe – est particulierement propice a la mise en circulations de fluides geologiques sur des echelles regionales. Les mineralisations en talc-chlorite et albitites sont ainsi reconnues en de multiples endroits du versant nord actuel des Pyrenees. Dans le granite de Lansac-St Arnac et son encaissant gneissique (Massif de l’Agly, Pyrenees Orientales), l’albitisation des roches est suffisamment developpee pour faire l’objet d’une exploitation industrielle. Pour cet exemple precis, un modele de formation des albitites par des processus magmatiques, stipulant que ces roches pourraient representer des intrusions, a ete propose (Demange et al., 1999 – C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris 329), alors que Pascal (1979 – These non publiee, ENS Mines Paris) invoquait une origine metasomatique. Dans ce travail, nous avons examine les affleurements le long des fronts de taille ouverts en exploitation, etudie la petrographie, caracterise les distributions elementaires des roches albitisees et des granitoides associes (campagne d’echantillonnage dediee et utilisation de centaines d’analyses mises a disposition par l’entreprise Imerys exploitant le feldspath) et entrepris une etude geochronologique U-Th-Pb des mineraux urano-thoriferes specifiques des albitites (titanite, rutile) et des granitoides (zircon). Nous concluons sans ambiguite a une origine metasomatique des roches albitisees, ou la dissolution du quartz (episyenitisation) precede la metasomatose sodique (albitisation). L’alteration est datee entre 108 et 96 Ma. L’albitisation dans le granite de Lansac- St Arnac constitue ainsi le paroxysme de l’alteration sodique albocenomanienne dans les Pyrenees, de la meme maniere que le gisement de Trimouns (Massif du St Barthelemy) represente le paroxysme de l’alteration talco-chloriteuse de la region a la meme periode.
A Hybrid Question Answering System

In this study, we propose a hybrid Question Answering (QA) system for Arabic language. The system combines textual and structured knowledge-Base (KB) data for question answering. It make use of other relevant text data, outside the KB, which could enrich the available information. The system consists of four modules. 1) a KB, 2) an online module, and 3) A Text- to-KB transformer to construct our own knowledge base from web texts. Using these modules, we can query two types of information sources: knowledge bases, and web text. Text-to-KB uses web search results to identify question topic entities, map question words to KB predicates, and enhance the features of the candidates obtained from the KB. The system scored f-measure of . 495 when using KB. The system performed better with f-measure of . 573 when using both KB and Text-to-KB module. The system demonstrates higher performance by combining knowledge base and text from external resources.
Valorización de lías de vino como ingredientes antihipertensivos

Algunos coproductos vitivinícolas se han utilizado para obtener extractos enriquecidos en (poli)fenoles con efectos antihipertensivos. Sin embargo, aún se desconoce si las lías de vino (LV) contienen compuestos antihipertensivos. Este estudio se centró en estudiar si las LV podría ser fuente de estos compuestos. Se evaluó la actividad antihipertensiva de cinco LV (fracción líquida, 5 mL/kg) en ratas hipertensas (SHR). Una de las LV mostró un fuerte efecto antihipertensivo, que se asoció con su alto contenido en flavanoles y antocianinas. La reducción del estrés oxidativo y mejora del estado redox y disfunción endotelial fueron algunos mecanismos involucrados en su bioactividad. Además, las LV se sometieron a extracción asistida por enzimas (Flavourzyme®), lo cual solubilizó compuestos fenólicos (57.20%) inicialmente no solubles. Ácido gálico, catequina y malvidina-3-glucósido fueron los principales (poli)fenoles de este hidrolizado. Además, el hidrolizado mostró una mayor actividad inhibitoria de la enzima convertidora de angiotensina, antioxidante y antihipertensiva que las LV. Los péptidos FKTTDQQTRTTVA, NPKLVTIV, TVTNPARIA, LDSPSEGRAPG y LDSPSEGRAPGAD, identificados en el hidrolizado, exhibieron actividad antihipertensiva en SHR (10 mg/kg). LV son una buena fuente de compuestos antihipertensivos con potencial para usarse como nutracéuticos o ingredientes funcionales. Esto permitiría la valorización de las mismas y contribuiría a la economía circular de la industria vitivinícola.
5.2. Monitoring the hatching time of individual chicks and its effect on chick quality

Monitoring the hatch process demands continuous assessment of the number of hatched chicks, which is usually a disruptive event as it requires the incubator door to be opened. Therefore, a real-time monitor for the hatching time of individual chicks is of interest to both researchers and industry. An alternative non-invasive method which involves measuring the eggshell temperature using small, accurate temperature sensors is presented. Continuous recordings of eggshell temperature (Tegg) of the focal eggs were analysed and the temperature profiles for plotted Tegg showed a temperature drop of around 2-6 °C when the chick hatched. It was therefore possible to identify the hatching time for individual eggs in real time during incubation based on this registered temperature drop. Furthermore, linear regression analysis showed a positive correlation between hatching time (r=0.32; P=0.001) and chick weight at take-off which indicated that early hatched chicks started to lose weight during the holding period.
When Dad’s Stress Gets under Kid’s Skin—Impacts of Stress on Germline Cargo and Embryonic Development

Multiple lines of evidence suggest that paternal psychological stress contributes to an increased prevalence of neuropsychiatric and metabolic diseases in the progeny. While altered paternal care certainly plays a role in such transmitted disease risk, molecular factors in the germline might additionally be at play in humans. This is supported by findings on changes to the molecular make up of germ cells and suggests an epigenetic component in transmission. Several rodent studies demonstrate the correlation between paternal stress induced changes in epigenetic modifications and offspring phenotypic alterations, yet some intriguing cases also start to show mechanistic links in between sperm and the early embryo. In this review, we summarise efforts to understand the mechanism of intergenerational transmission from sperm to the early embryo. In particular, we highlight how stress alters epigenetic modifications in sperm and discuss the potential for these modifications to propagate modified molecular trajectories in the early embryo to give rise to aberrant phenotypes in adult offspring.
Deformation of a multilayered half-space by stress dislocations and concentrated forces

The problem of the static and dynamic response of a nonhomogeneous, isotropic, elastic half-space to stress dislocations and concentrated forces is discussed. Integral expressions for the displacements are obtained in the case of a two-layered half-space. Results of Singh (1970) are used to study the static deformation of a multilayered half-space caused by a point source placed at an arbitrary depth below the free surface. The source is represented as a discontinuity in the z-dependent coefficients of the displacement and stress integrands at the source level.
Factors controlling the chemistry of shallow groundwater in different geological and hydrological environments

Chemical composition and water stable isotope data of shallow groundwater were studied in two areas with different geological and hydrogeological features. One was a sedimentary area in the Pannonian Basin (Hungary), the other was Coet-Dan catchment underlain by Brioverian (Late Proterozoic) pyrite-bearing schists in Brittany (France). Temporal and spatial variability of dissolved compounds and relationships between relevant components were used to determine the major processes influencing the chemical composition, particularly the NO 3 - content, of shallow groundwater. In the sedimentary aquifer organic matter, in the basement aquifer pyrite, provide electrons for reduction and/or denitrification. In spite of the difference in geology, the importance of groundwater flow in controlling the chemical composition, including NO 3 - , was established in both study areas.
THE IMPACT OF VITAMIN D ON HEPATIC ENZYMES AND NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE ACROSS–SECTIONAL STUDY

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) has become increasingly common globally, raising serious concerns for public health. NAFLD is a complex and multifaceted disease that includes a range of liver diseases, such as cirrhosis, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and simple hepatic steatosis. A combination of environmental, metabolic, and genetic factors causes it. Recent data suggests that vitamin D, a fat-soluble vitamin with various physiological roles, may be crucial for liver health and the development of NAFLD. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate vitamin D's potential impact on liver function and the development of NAFLD. A Cross-Sectional Study was conducted at the Department of Medicine, MTI, LRH, Peshawar, from August 2019 to January 2020. Participants for this study were selected from the Department of Medicine at MTI, LRH, Peshawar, between August 2019 and January 2020. The study population included individuals with NAFLD identified by laboratory, radiographic, and clinical criteria. Blood samples were taken to measure the serum levels of vitamin D and liver enzymes, such as aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Additional clinical and demographic information was also collected. The average age of the participants in this study was forty years, and there was an equal distribution of genders. Following treatment, the severity of NAFLD significantly decreased. At the beginning of the study, 12.3% of participants had severe steatosis, 40.3% had moderate, and 48.4% had mild steatosis. After treatment, 40.3% of patients had no steatosis, 47.8% had mild steatosis, and 17% had significant steatosis. ALT, ALP, and bilirubin levels showed significant improvements in liver function, with p-values <0.05. While an increase in ALP indicated improved liver function, decreased ALT levels demonstrated reduced liver inflammation. Lower bilirubin levels indicated improved liver health. These findings suggest that treatment, possibly involving vitamin D supplementation, improved liver function and reduced the severity of NAFLD, highlighting the need for further research. This study indicates that vitamin D supplementation may benefit liver function and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease severity. The findings suggest that vitamin D may be a helpful treatment option for managing NAFLD, calling for further investigation and clinical testing.
Thematic and spatial accuracy: a comparison of the Corine Land Cover with the Forestry Map of Spain

Land use and vegetation maps have been the subject of several national and international projects in Europe. Projects as Corine Land Cover (CLC) represent a response to the need for environmental information as a basis for development and environmental management policies. Their high cost calls for strict quality control which can verify the accuracy and usefulness of the information for diverse objectives. In the present work we compared two land use maps, the Corine Land Cover map and the Forestry Map of Spain, to investigate the coherence of the cartographic information that they contain. After comparing four vegetation classes between MFE and CLC maps, we conclude that the coincidence between both maps is low, or even very low. We shall conclude with some recommendations to improve the reliability of the maps, and avoid repeating some of the possible errors that the present study has found evidence.
Phylogenetic diversity and North Andean block conservation

Background The Northern Andean Block (NAB) harbors high biodiversity; therefore, it is one of the most important areas in the Neotropics. Nevertheless, the settlement of several human populations has triggered the rapid transformation of ecosystems, leading to the extinction or endangerment of many species. Methods Because phylogenetic diversity indices quantify the historical distinctness between species, they are adequate tools for evaluating priority conservation areas. We reconstructed 93 phylogenies encompassing 1,252 species and, utilizing their occurrence data sourced from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, computed the Average Taxonomic Distinctness Index (AvTD) for each grid cell with a spatial resolution of 0.25° within the NAB. The index values for each grid cell were categorized into quantiles, and grid cells displaying values within the upper quantile (Q5) were identified as the most significant in terms of phylogenetic diversity. We also calculated the contribution of endemic species to overall phylogenetic diversity within the NAB, specifically focusing on areas preserved within protected areas. Results The NAB Andean region exhibited the highest AvTD, with high AvTD values observed in the middle and southern areas of Cordilleras. Endemic species made a relatively modest contribution to the overall phylogenetic diversity of the NAB, accounting for only 1.2% of the total. Despite their relatively small geographical footprints, protected areas within the NAB have emerged as crucial repositories of biodiversity, encompassing 40% of the total phylogenetic diversity in the region. Discussion Although the NAB Andean region has been identified as the most crucial area in terms of AvTD, some regions in the Amazonian Piedemonte and Pacific lowlands have high AvTD levels. Interestingly, some protected areas have been found to harbor higher AvTDs than expected, given their smaller size. Although the delimitation of new PAs and species richness have been the primary factors driving the expansion of PAs, it is also essential to consider the evolutionary information of species to conserve all aspects of biodiversity, or at least cover most of them. Therefore, using phylogenetic diversity measures and the results of this study can contribute to expanding the PA network and improving the connectivity between PAs. This approach will help conserve different aspects of biodiversity and preserve evolutionary relationships between species.
Smoking, Alcohol Intake and Torque Teno Virus in Stable Kidney Transplant Recipients

Torque Teno Virus (TTV) is a non-pathogenic virus that is highly prevalent among kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). Its circulating load is associated with an immunological status in KTR and is considered a promising tool for guiding immunosuppression. To allow for optimal guidance, it is important to identify other determinants of TTV load. We aimed to investigate the potential association of smoking and alcohol intake with TTV load. For this cross-sectional study, serum TTV load was measured using PCR in stable kidney transplant recipients at ≥1 year after transplantation, and smoking status and alcohol intake were assessed through questionnaires and measurements of urinary cotinine and ethyl glucuronide. A total of 666 KTRs were included (57% male). A total of 549 KTR (82%) had a detectable TTV load (3.1 ± 1.5 log10 copies/mL). In KTR with a detectable TTV load, cyclosporin and tacrolimus use were positively associated with TTV load (St. β = 0.46, p < 0.001 and St. β = 0.66, p < 0.001, respectively), independently of adjustment for potential confounders. Current smoking and alcohol intake of >20 g/day were negatively associated with TTV load (St. β = −0.40, p = 0.004 and St. β = −0.33, p = 0.009, respectively), independently of each other and of adjustment for age, sex, kidney function, time since transplantation and calcineurin inhibitor use. This strong association of smoking and alcohol intake with TTV suggests a need to account for the smoking status and alcohol intake when applying TTV guided immunosuppression in KTR.
Systematic Non-Response in Stated Preference Choice Experiments: Implications for the Valuation of Climate Risk Reductions

Discrete choice experiments (DCEs) addressing adaptation to climate-related risks may be subject to response biases associated with variations in risk exposure across sampled populations. Systematic adjustments for such biases are hindered by the absence of rigorous, standardized selection-correction models for multinomial DCEs, together with a lack of information on non-respondents. This paper illustrates a systematic approach to accommodate risk-related non-response bias in DCEs, where variations in risk exposure may be linked to observable landscape characteristics. The approach adapts reduced form response-propensity models to correct for survey non-response, capitalizing on the fact that indicators of risk exposure may be linked to the geocoded locations of respondents and non-respondents. An application to coastal flood adaptation in Connecticut, USA illustrates implications for welfare estimation. Results demonstrate that the proposed approach can reveal otherwise invisible, systematic effects of survey response patterns on estimated WTP.
The association between type 2 diabetes and pulmonary cavitation revealed among IGRA-positive tuberculosis patients

The co-occurrence of tuberculosis (TB) and diabetes mellitus (DM) presents a significant obstacle to TB eradication. Pulmonary cavitation can occur in severe cases of TB, particularly in patients with DM. From 1 May 2014 through 30 June 2019, we conducted a cross-sectional study of 1,658 smear- or culture-confirmed pulmonary TB (PTB) patients at the Second Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Tuberculosis, Shenzhen, China. A total of 861 participants who satisfied the criteria (chest CT scan for cavitation, interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA), diagnosis of diabetes mellitus), with the median age of 36.7 years, 63.6% of male, 79.7% IGRA positive, 13.8% with diabetes, and 40.8% with pulmonary cavitation, were included in the study. The association between diabetes and pulmonary cavitation was confirmed in these TB patients (adjusted OR, 2.54; 95% CI, 1.66–3.94; p < 0.001). No associations were observed between diabetes and IGRA, as well as between lung cavitary and IGRA. Based on the criteria of IGRA+/–, pulmonary cavitation+/–, and DM+/–, the further analysis with univariate and multivariate logistic regression were conducted in six subgroups. The significant association between diabetes and pulmonary cavitation was further confirmed in the IGRA+ subgroup (adjusted OR, 3.07; 95% CI, 1.86–5.16; p < 0.001) but not observed in IGRA- individuals. This observation suggests that different immunological mechanisms of pulmonary cavitary/DM may be employed in IGRA+ TB patients from IGRA- TB patients.
Immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory properties of Crocus sativus (Saffron) and its main active constituents: A review

The medicinal uses of saffron, the dried stigmas of Crocus sativus L. , have very long history in food coloring agent, and flavoring agent as well as traditional medicine for the treatment of several diseases. Crocus sativus is rich in carotenoids that affect immunity. This review summarizes the putative immunoregulatory effects of saffron and its active its derivatives including crocin, crocetin and safranal. In modern studies, its active constituents including protective effects, anti-inflammatory activities and molecular mechanisms of saffron on thimmune system have been demonstrated. Furthermore, the beneficial effects of saffron on inhibition of serum levels nuclear transcription factor κB (NF-κB) p65 unit, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and some interleukin (IL) such as IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, IL-17A were reported. Furthermore, saffron has been known as the antagonist of NF-κB and the agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ). In addition, saffron down-regulates the key pro-inflammatory enzymes such as myeloperoxidase (MPO), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), phospholipase A2, and prostanoids. This review summarizes the protective roles of C. sativus and its constituents against the pathogenesis of immune diseases and understanding a better management of these problems. Taken together, the main bioactive constituents of saffron may have health-promoting with important benefits in immune-related disorders. Finally, our study indicates that these bioactive constituents can affect both cellular and humoral immunity functions.
Sequential Delivery of Aptamer and STING Agonist Shuttled by Graphene Oxide

Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is a prospective target spot of immunological therapy. The development of STING is still in the preliminary stage and full of challenges. such as lack of tumor specificity, and high-dose-induced T-cell apoptosis. Herein, the STING agonists were selectively delivered and released in the tumor through an aptamer (Apt) modified graphene oxide (GO). The STING agonist was released controllably from GO on account of the acidic tumor microenvironment, and then binds specifically to the STING protein, aiming to active STING pathway and stimulate immunosuppressive factors secretion via phosphorylating TBK1 and IFN IRF3, and secreta high-level IL-6. The resulting immunotherapy exhibited significant inhibition of colorectal tumors, and the producing stimulus was sufficient to activate plentiful enough T-cells with adaptability to inhibit the growth and metastasis of tumors. This work helps to promote sustaining study on the targeted delivery of STING agonists and enhanced activation of the STING pathway, and the translation of novel understanding to clinical applications will enhance the efficiency of immunotherapy for cancer with STING agonists.
Polyphenol-rich extract of Digitaria exilis (Kippist) grain lowers gastrointestinal dysmotility and enhanced colonic peristalsis in rifaximin-induced constipated rat

Digitaria exilis grains rich in polyphenol have been speculated among some traditional practitioners of Northern Nigeria to aid in treating constipation. Hence, this study aims at assessing the anti-constipation property of polyphenol-rich extract of Digitaria exilis grains (PREDEG) in rifaximin-induced constipated rat. Thirty (30) Wistar rats of both sexes (143.84 ± 2.62 g) were assigned into 6 categories, A to F, of 5 rats each. Category A (control) received 0.4 ml of saline. Constipations were induced in categories B to F by oraladministration of rifaximin (2 mg/kg in saline for 48 h) and treated respectively with saline, glycerine (reference drug at 40 mg/kg), 50, 150 and 250 mg/kg of PREDEG (extracted via standard methods). All the treatments were given orally for 6 days using oral device. Rifaximin-induced constipation significantly (p < 0.05) decreases the feed and water intake, faecal quality, bodyweight and gastrointestinal flow proportion. All these alterations were attenuated dose-dependently, when co-treated with PREDEG and highest activity recorded at 250 mg/kg compared to reference drug. The data present polyphenol-rich extract of D. exilis grains as a potent anti-constipation agent and may act probably by lowering gastrointestinal dysmotility. This validates its traditional use in the treatment of constipation mostly in the Northern part of Nigeria.