Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Effect of Communication Bandwidth and Length of Coherence Block on Energy Efficiency and Area Throughput in Massive Multiple-Input and Multiple-Output Systems

– The popularity of wireless communication is increasing day by day. This has led to the fact that data transfers via GSM have reached very high levels. Data transfers via GSM, which are continuously growing, increase the density of data traffic, thus necessitating high level of area throughput (TR) performance in the near future. One of the most effective ways to increase area throughput is seen as increasing spectral efficiency (SE). Very high amount of energy required to increase the spectral efficiency. High energy consumption is costly and harmful to the environment so thus makes it necessary to increase the energy efficiency (EE). Massive multiple-input and multiple-output (Massive MIMO) systems are one of the techniques that can be used to increase the both of area throughput and energy efficiency. In this study, length of coherence block – communication bandwidth combinations are investigated by using Massive MIMO systems in cases which there are various numbers of users and active antennas. As a result of the studies, the effects of length of coherence block and communication bandwidth on EE - area throughput tradeoffs were evaluated.
Disparities in health insurance coverage among children and young adults in Georgia and the U.S.

Background: In this brief report, I compare rates of health insurance coverage for children and young adults in Georgia and the United States. Methods: Utilizing data from the 2014 American Community Survey, I performed two-sample tests of weighted proportions for a variety of health insurance coverage indicators. Results: Although there is little difference between Georgia and the United States in the proportion of those covered by Medicare and Medicaid, in Georgia there are fewer individuals with private health insurance and more uninsured individuals. Conclusions: Progress toward universal coverage will require continued examination of insurance status at both the state and national level.
Clinical and etiological profile of unprovoked thrombosis in young patients admitted at a tertiary care hospital

Background: It is now possible to identify acquired and hereditary risk factors in a substantial percentage of patients presenting with a venous thrombotic event. The objective of the study was to study the clinical and etiological profile of patients with unprovoked thrombosis in young patients. Methods: Twenty-one patients 09 males (42.8%) and 12 females (57.14%) with a mean age of 29.67±5.21 were studied, who presented with unprovoked thrombosis. Results: Among 21 patients studied most common presentation was deep venous thrombosis of lower limbs (38.09%) followed by recurrent abortions with deep venous thrombosis (14.28%) and cerebellar infarction (14.28%). In etiological profile, the most common thrombophilla was factor V Leiden mutation (28.57%) followed by antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (23.8%), protein C deficiency (19.04%), methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (9.52%) and antithrombin, prothrombin gene mutation, hyperhomocystenemia and janus kinase 2 mutations (4.76%). Among 6 patients of factor V Leiden mutation 3 presented with deep venous thrombosis of lower limbs, 1 patient each with middle cerebral artery infarct, juglar vein thrombosis and subclavian vein thrombosis respectively. Conclusions: Factor V Leiden mutation is the most common inherited thrombophillias which has been "substantiated from various studies.
The Role of Stress in Recovery of Function After Spinal Cord Injur

The Role of Stress in Recovery of Function after Spinal Cord Injury. (August 2007) Stephanie Nicole Washburn, B.S.; M.S., Texas A&M University Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. James W. Grau Research has shown that exposure to just 6 minutes of uncontrollable shock 24 hours following contusion injury impairs locomotor recovery and leads to greater tissue loss at the injury epicenter. Uncontrollable shock is known to elevate corticosterone levels in intact rats and corticosterone exacerbates cell death in the hippocampus following injury, suggesting the effects may be related to a stress-induced release of corticosterone. Uncontrollable shock also affects other indices of stress including, spleen weight and norepinephrine, and has been shown to elevate pro-inflammatory cytokines. The present experiments were designed to assess whether uncontrollable shock has similar effects after contusion injury. Experiment 1 examined whether injury itself produced a stress response. Subjects received anesthesia alone, a laminectomy, or a contusion injury. Twenty-four hours later, they were restrained for 6 minutes and blood was collected from the leg. They were sacrificed 24 hours later and spleens were weighed, and plasma corticosterone and norepinephrine were assessed using ELISAs. IL-1! and IL-6 levels at the injury site were also measured using an ELISA. Contusion injury had no impact on any of the biological outcomes. For Experiment 2, subjects received 6 minutes of uncontrollable tailshock or an equivalent amount of restraint. Subjects were sacrificed 6,
The experiences of final year nursing students in administering medications : shifting levels of supervision

ii BONAFIDE DECLARATION STATEMENT . iv TABLE OF CONTENTS . vi LIST OF TABLES . ix LIST OF FIGURES . x LIST OF APPENDICES . x ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . xi CHAPTER 1: OVERVIEW . 1 Purpose and Aim of the Study . 6 Research Question . 6 Rationale and Significance of the Study . 7 Significance . 7 Scope of the Study . 8 Assumptions . 9 Definition of Terms and Nomenclature . 10 Outline of Thesis . 12 CHAPTER 2: THE TEACHING OF MEDICATION ADMINISTRATION . 14 Introduction . 14 Rationale for Avoiding the Literature in the Preliminary Stage of this Study . 14 The Medication Administration Process . 15 The Teaching of the Medication Administration in the Clinical Context . 17 The On Campus Laboratory Setting . 17 The Off Campus Clinical Setting . 22 CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY AND RESEARCH DESIGN . 28 Introduction . 28 Grounded Theory . 28 Research Design . 30 Recruitment of Research Participants . 30 Target population . 30 Recruitment Process . 32 Selection Criteria for Inclusion . 33 Method . 34 In-depth Semi Structured Interviews . 34 Demographic Statistics . 37 Sampling . 37 Open Sampling . 38 Relational and Variational Sampling . 39 Discriminate Sampling . 40 Collecting the Data . 41 Questions Used to Collect the Data . 43 Data Analysis . 46 Open Coding . 48 Axial Coding . 55 Selective Coding . 61 Finalizing the Analysis with the Literature . 63 Trustworthiness of the Research Approach . 64 Credibility . 64 Auditability . 66
A simple method for sphingolipid analysis of tissues embedded in optimal cutting temperature compound[S]

MS-assisted lipidomic tissue analysis is a valuable tool to assess sphingolipid metabolism dysfunction in disease. These analyses can reveal potential pharmacological targets or direct mechanistic studies to better understand the molecular underpinnings and influence of sphingolipid metabolism alterations on disease etiology. But procuring sufficient human tissues for adequately powered studies can be challenging. Therefore, biorepositories, which hold large collections of cryopreserved human tissues, are an ideal retrospective source of specimens. However, this resource has been vastly underutilized by lipid biologists, as the components of OCT compound used in cryopreservation are incompatible with MS analyses. Here, we report results indicating that OCT compound also interferes with protein quantification assays, and that the presence of OCT compound impacts the quantification of extracted sphingolipids by LC-ESI-MS/MS. We developed and validated a simple and inexpensive method that removes OCT compound from OCT compound-embedded tissues. Our results indicate that removal of OCT compound from cryopreserved tissues does not significantly affect the accuracy of sphingolipid measurements with LC-ESI-MS/MS. We used the validated method to analyze sphingolipid alterations in tumors compared with normal adjacent uninvolved lung tissues from individuals with lung cancer and to determine the long-term stability of sphingolipids in OCT compound-cryopreserved normal lung tissues. We show that lung cancer tumors have significantly altered sphingolipid profiles and that sphingolipids are stable for up to 16 years in OCT compound-cryopreserved normal lung tissues. This validated sphingolipidomic OCT compound-removal protocol should be a valuable addition to the lipid biologist’s toolbox.
Endogenous oxidized DNA bases and APE1 regulate the formation of G-quadruplex structures in the genome

Significance G-quadruplex (G4) structures in functionally important genomic regions regulate multiple biological processes in cells. This study demonstrates a genome-wide correlation between the occurrence of endogenous oxidative base damage, activation of BER, and formation of G4 structures. Unbiased mapping of AP sites, APE1 binding, and G4 structures across the genome reveal a distinct distribution of AP sites and APE1 binding, predominantly in G4 sequences. Furthermore, APE1 plays an essential role in regulating the formation of G4 structures and G4-mediated gene expression. Our findings unravel a paradigm-shifting concept that endogenous oxidized DNA base damage and binding of APE1 in key regulatory regions in the genome have acquired a novel function in regulating the formation of G4 structures that controls multiple biological processes. Formation of G-quadruplex (G4) DNA structures in key regulatory regions in the genome has emerged as a secondary structure-based epigenetic mechanism for regulating multiple biological processes including transcription, replication, and telomere maintenance. G4 formation (folding), stabilization, and unfolding must be regulated to coordinate G4-mediated biological functions; however, how cells regulate the spatiotemporal formation of G4 structures in the genome is largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that endogenous oxidized guanine bases in G4 sequences and the subsequent activation of the base excision repair (BER) pathway drive the spatiotemporal formation of G4 structures in the genome. Genome-wide mapping of occurrence of Apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) site damage, binding of BER proteins, and G4 structures revealed that oxidized base-derived AP site damage and binding of OGG1 and APE1 are predominant in G4 sequences. Loss of APE1 abrogated G4 structure formation in cells, which suggests an essential role of APE1 in regulating the formation of G4 structures in the genome. Binding of APE1 to G4 sequences promotes G4 folding, and acetylation of APE1, which enhances its residence time, stabilizes G4 structures in cells. APE1 subsequently facilitates transcription factor loading to the promoter, providing mechanistic insight into the role of APE1 in G4-mediated gene expression. Our study unravels a role of endogenous oxidized DNA bases and APE1 in controlling the formation of higher-order DNA secondary structures to regulate transcription beyond its well-established role in safeguarding the genomic integrity.
Vibrational molecular and nuclear spectra in terms of quantum algebras

A generalized deformed oscillator giving the same spectrum as the Morse potential is con­ structed through the use of quantum algebraic techniques. The model of η coupled anharmonic oscillators of Iachello and Oss, suitable for the description of vibrational spectra of polyatomic molecules, is subsequently written in terms of such generalized deformed oscilla­ tors. In addition to clarifying the relation of the model of Iachello and Oss to other models using coupled oscillators for the description of vibrational molecular spectra, the present formalism allows for the construction of a large class of exactly soluble models with no extra computational effort. As an example, the way of including a coupling of the Darling-Dennison type is shown. Nuclear models giving good descriptions of vibrational spectra are reviewed and the need of modifying the SU? (2) model in order to extend its region of applicability towards the vibrational limit is discussed.
Increased time spent on terminal cleaning of patient rooms may not improve disinfection of high-touch surfaces

patients. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2018;39:290–296. 3. Schleyer AM, Jarman KM, Chan JD, Dellit TH. Role of nasal methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus screening in the management of skin and soft tissue infections. Am J Infect Control 2010;38:657–659. 4. Dangerfield B, Chung A, Webb B, Seville MT. Predictive value of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) nasal swab PCR assay for MRSA pneumonia. Antimicrob Agent Chemother 2014;58:859–864. 5. Harris AD, Furehabilitationno JP, RoghmannMC, et al.Targeted surveillance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and its potential use to guide empiric antibiotic therapy.AntimicrobAgentsChemother2010;54:3143–3148. 6. Sarikonda KV, Micek ST, Doherty JA, Reichley RM, Warren D, Kollef MH. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization is a poor predictor of intensive care unit-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections requiring antibiotic treatment. Crit Care Med 2010;38: 1991–1995. 7. Rimawi RH, Ramsey KM, ShahKB, Cook PP. Correlation betweenmethicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus nasal sampling and S. aureus pneumonia in the medical intensive care unit. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2014;35: 590–593. 8. MacFadden DR, Elligsen M, Robicsek A, Ricciuto DR, Daneman N. Utility of prior screening for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in predicting resistance of S. aureus infections. CMAJ 2013;185:E725–E730. 9. Robicsek A, Suseno M, Beaumont JL, Thomson RB, Jr., Peterson LR. Prediction of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus involvement in disease sites by concomitant nasal sampling. J Clin Microbiol 2008;46: 588–592. 10. Parente DM, Cunha CB, Mylonakis E, Timbrook TT. The clinical utility of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) nasal screening to rule out MRSA pneumonia: a diagnostic meta-analysis with antimicrobial stewardship implications. Clin Infect Dis 2018;67:1–7.
Rewilding in the face of climate change

Expansion of the global protected‐area network has been proposed as a strategy to address threats from accelerating climate change and species extinction. A key step in increasing the effectiveness of such expansion is understanding how novel threats to biodiversity from climate change alter concepts such as rewilding, which have underpinned many proposals for large interconnected reserves. We reviewed potential challenges that climate change poses to rewilding and found that the conservation value of large protected areas persists under climate change. Nevertheless, more attention should be given to protection of microrefugia, macrorefugia, complete environmental gradients, and areas that connect current and future suitable climates and to maintaining ecosystem processes and stabilizing feedbacks via conservation strategies that are resilient to uncertainty regarding climate trends. Because a major element of the threat from climate change stems from its novel geographic patterns, we examined, as an example, the implications for climate‐adaptation planning of latitudinal, longitudinal (continental to maritime), and elevational gradients in climate‐change exposure across the Yellowstone‐to‐Yukon region, the locus of an iconic conservation proposal initially designed to conserve wide‐ranging carnivore species. In addition to a continued emphasis on conserving intact landscapes, restoration of degraded low‐elevation areas within the region is needed to capture sites important for landscape‐level climate resilience. Extreme climate exposure projected for boreal North America suggests the need for ambitious goals for expansion of the protected‐area network there to include refugia created by topography and ecological features, such as peatlands, whose conservation can also reduce emissions from carbon stored in soil. Qualitative understanding of underlying reserve design rules and the geography of climate‐change exposure can strengthen the outcomes of inclusive regional planning processes that identify specific sites for protection.
Emotion Classification in Dialogues Using Embedding Features

대화 시스템에서 감정 분석은 발화를 통해 나타나는 특정 화자의 내재된 감정을 분석하는 것이다 이러한 감 . 정 분석은 로봇의 표정을 변화시키고 적절한 음악이나 영화를 추천하는 등 적절한 시스템 응대를 결정하는 데 있어 매우 중요하다 예를 들어 사용자가 아 정말 졸 . , “ 리고 지루하다 라고 했을 때 시스템이 사용자의 감 . ” , 정을 인식한다면 이를 해소할 수 있는 즐거운 음악이나 영상 등의 콘텐츠를 제공할 수 있을 것이고 내일 시 , “ 험 때문에 걱정 되서 잠이 안 오네 라는 걱정의 감정 . ” 을 인식한 다면 명상이나 차분한 음악 등을 들려 줄 수 있을 것이다. 위와 같이 대화 속에서 단순한 긍 부정이 아닌 기쁨 , , 슬픔 기대 공포 등 사용자의 다양한 감정에 대해 인식 , , 하는 감정 분석 에 관한 연구들은 비 (emotion analysis) 교적 많지 않다 또한 감정에 대한 분류 체계는 적용하 . 는 응용 시스템에 따라 제각각인 경우가 많다 본 연구 . 에서는 기존 에서와 같이 의 분류 [1] [2] Plutchick 8 체계 기쁨 신뢰 두려움 놀람 [3] ‘ ’, ‘ ’, ‘ ’, ‘ ’, 슬픔 혐오 화남 기대 에 감정 없 ‘ ’, ‘ ’, ‘ ’, ‘ ’‘ 음 을 더한 가지의 분류 체계에 기반을 두어 감정 분 ’ 9 석을 하고자 한다. 최근의 연구들은 감정 분석을 다중 분류 문제로 보고 지도 학습 기반의 분류기를 제안한다 이를 위해 현재 . 발화나 이전 발화에 나타난 자질 이모티콘 감 N-gram , , 성 사전 관용어 사전 등을 주요 자질로 제안하였다 그 , . 러나 각 세분화된 감정들에 대해 지도 학습(supervised 을 위한 충분한 학습 데이터를 구축하는 것이 learning) 매우 어려울 뿐 아니라 어휘 자질의 과도한 사용은 데이 터 부족문제를 유발한다 예를 들면 나 정말 속상해 . , . 슬픔 라던가 진짜 재밌다 기쁨 등에 대해서는 ( )” “ . ( )” 학습 데이터에 나타난 고빈도 감정 어휘를 사용하였기 때문에 잘 동작하지만 학습 데이터에 나타나지 않은 , 드디어 성공했어 기쁨 등의 표현에 대해서는 적절 “ . ( )” 한 감정을 결정할 수 없게 된다 또한 대화 속에서의 감 . 정은 단순히 발화 하나를 통해 나타나기도 하지만 일반 적으로 지속성을 갖고 있다 따라서 화자 어제 혼났 . “ A: 다며 화자 담임 선생님한테 지각했다고 혼났 ”/ “ B: 지 화자 많이 혼났니 화자 응 과 같 ”/ “ A: ? ” / “ B: ” 은 이어지는 대화 예제에서 화자 의 응 에 나타난 감 B “ ” 정은 감정 없음 이 아니라 이전 발화에서 이어지는 “ ” 슬픔 의 감정이 더 적절하다고 할 수 있다 “ ” . 본 연구는 이러한 어휘 자질의 데이터 부족 문제 대 , 량의 학습 데이터 확보에 대한 어려움 문맥을 통한 감 , 정의 지속성 등의 문제를 풀기 위해 최근 많이 사용되는 워드 임베딩 모델에서 쓰이는 임베딩 (word embedding) 벡터 를 감정 분류 모델의 자질로서 (embedding vector) 사용하는 새로운 방법에 대해 제안한다.
Caractérisation de la diversité du répertoire TCR par modélisation de données de séquençage haut-débit

Les lymphocytes T (LT) sont des acteurs-cles du systeme immunitaire, un systeme complexe et dynamique evoluant au cours de la vie de l'organisme. On appelle " repertoire lymphocytaire ", une collection de lymphocytes partageant un meme phenotype, une meme fonction ou tout autres criteres, chacun caracterise par un recepteur membranaire unique, appele TCR, lui permettant de reconnaitre de maniere specifique les antigenes. Les TCR sont caracterises par des regions variables, produites par une serie de rearrangements somatiques ayant lieu pendant la differenciation thymique, et qui assurent la diversite de reconnaissance des LT. On parle de repertoire TCR lorsque l'on s'attache a definir les caracteristiques clonales des populations lymphocytaires T sur la base de la diversite des TCR exprimes a l'echelle de la population. Le sequencage a haut debit des chaines TCR permet desormais de decrire cette diversite avec une precision sans precedent. Cette approche requiert neanmoins des outils adaptes pour permettre une caracterisation pertinente de la structure des repertoires analyses. Un axe de recherche de L'unite I3 est l'analyse du repertoire TR de plusieurs populations lymphocytaires T en situation d'auto-immunite ou d'inflammation. Dans ce contexte, les objectifs de ma these ont ete de : i) approfondir le concept de diversite du repertoire lymphocytaire, ii) mettre au point une methodologie adaptee permettant d'exploiter les donnees de sequencage de maniere optimale en prenant en compte les limites de cette technologie, et iii) developper un outil permettant aux immunologistes une caracterisation approfondie et facilement interpretable des repertoires qu'ils etudient.
Microflora in the Reproductive Tract of Cattle: A Review

There are microbial communities in and on the bodies of all multicellular organisms, and this microbiota can have a significant impact on the biology of the host. Most studies have focused on the microbiome of the skin, mouth, and gut, whereas relatively little is known about the reproductive microbiome. From the perspective of the bovine reproductive tract, uterine diseases such as metritis and endometritis are traditionally viewed to result only from interactions occurring between the host animal and pathogens originating from either the environment or ascension from the vagina. This outdated opinion has been refuted by recent advanced studies that propose that, in addition to bacteria colonization through the extrinsic and ascending pathways to the vagina, bacteria can also move from the gut to the uterus, which is also associated with reproductive tract disorders. This has led to the concept of the “endogenous route hypothesis”, which has vital inferences for comprehending the etiology of metritis and endometritis. Furthermore, it has opened up the possibility of developing new prophylactic and therapeutic agents as alternatives to antimicrobial agents. In addition, the unveiling of next-generation sequencing technology makes it more convenient to perform detailed sequencing and analysis of data on the cervical, vaginal, and uterine flora and to further study uncultured bacteria in these niches—most importantly, the cervical niche, which previously was thought to have lower bacterial complexity. Research conducted to date has proven that the composition of microflora in a community varies widely between environmental sites, host niches, and health status. Furthermore, it has also been suggested that the occurrence of endometritis in the dairy and beef cattle reproductive tract is neither casual nor indirect but multifactorial. Whether disturbance in the variety of the microflora in the reproductive tract (dysbiosis) has a role in determining the sensitivity to metritis and endometritis is not yet known. This article outlines the current progress in understanding the microflora with regards to the bovine reproductive tract. The compositions of microflora in various niches of the reproductive tract are briefly elucidated. In addition, the functional role of these microflora communities in the reproductive tract is discussed, with particular emphasis on the association of bacterial flora with reproductive disorders and failures. Finally, prophylaxis and therapeutic approaches based on the new comprehension of the effects of antimicrobials, probiotics, and bacteriophages on the composition of the reproductive tract microflora are also considered.
The characteristics of a true Tafel slope

2005 is the 100th anniversary of the two original publications of the Tafel equation [1,2]. The international corrosion community is currently celebrating [3] the use of the corresponding Tafel slope (? ), which is one of the most frequently used parameters in electrochemical corrosion. Even now, with the use of modern research and testing techniques, both electrochemists and corrosion engineers are frequently encountering this ‘Tafel constant’ in the technical literature and in instrumentation manuals (you can’t use an LPR meter without assuming beta values). Unfortunately, Tafel slopes are commonly misused and measured completely out of context. So, what is a Tafel slope? Perhaps most importantly, when is an apparent ‘Tafel’ slope a true Tafel slope?