Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quebrando a Barreira entre Mecanismos de Segurança através da Composição de Serviços Web: Uma Arquitetura para Detecção de Ataques Distribuídos e de Múltiplas Etapas

Nos últimos anos tem se observado o avanço de ataques planejados, como DDoS, compostos de múltiplas etapas e partindo de diversos hosts. As soluções mais tradicionais para detecção de intrusão não estão preparadas para lidar com essa natureza de ataque devido, entre outros fatores, à carência de mecanismos para comunicação uniforme com diferentes sistemas de segurança (ex: IDS, firewall, etc.) e para correlação, em tempo hábil, dos eventos observados. Para suprir tal lacuna, este artigo propõe uma arquitetura orientada a serviços para detecção de ataques distribuídos e de múltiplas etapas. A arquitetura foi desenvolvida com base no padrão WSDM (Web Services Distributed Management) e avaliada experimentalmente usando cenário de ataque DDoS proposto pelo MIT Lincoln Laboratory.
Investigation of Arcing Time Prediction for Secondary Arc Based on Statistical Theory and Multivariable Regression Algorithms

Research on the secondary arc has long been important in the development of ultrahigh-voltage (UHV) transmission technology. Predicting the arcing time of secondary arc is important for single-phase automatic reclosing of the circuit breaker to protect the power system. In response to this problem, this study uses a multifactor variance model to select factors that significantly influence the arcing time and verifies its validity through residual analysis. The results show that the parameters of the circuit, such as wind direction, recovery voltage, secondary current, and arc length, significantly influence the arcing time. The density-based clustering algorithm (DBSCAN) is then used to remove outliers form the data, and the influence of each factor on the arcing time is analyzed through scatterplots. Finally, linear multivariate regression and nonlinear Gaussian process regression are used to fit the results. The results show that the linear regression has a good imitative effect. The proposed method is accurate and provides novel means of predicting the arcing time.
Radiative recombination via intrinsic defects in CuxGaySe2

A detailed analysis of the radiative recombination processes in CuxGaySe2 epitaxial layers is presented aiming at an investigation of the intrinsic defect levels as a function of chemical composition. CuxGaySe2 is grown by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy to allow a precise control of composition. Temperature and excitation intensity dependent photoluminescence is used to identify different recombination mechanisms and to determine the ionization energies of the defect levels involved. Defect-correlated optical transitions in Cu-rich epilayers are described in a recombination model consisting of two acceptor and one donor levels showing ionization energies of (60±10) meV, (100±10) meV, and (12±5) meV, respectively. The identification of a shallow compensating donor in CuxGaySe2 and the assignment of the 100 meV state to an acceptor are the most important new aspects in this model. Photoluminescence properties of layers showing Ga-rich compositions are discussed in a model of highly doped and highly compen.
Analyzing Arm's MPAM From the Perspective of Time Predictability

With heterogeneous multi-core platforms being crucial to execute the highly demanding workloads of modern applications, memory-access predictability remains a key issue for the system's safety. Many solutions have been proposed over the years, but none has been applied on a large scale. Nowadays, we are in front of an unprecedented opportunity to have an impact on commercial platforms: the Memory System Resource Partitioning and Monitoring (MPAM) specification by Arm, which describes different memory-access regulation mechanisms, presenting a valuable industrial attempt to address this issue. However, several points of the specification are described at a high level only, leaving plenty of room for interpretation to hardware manufacturers. This paper takes a close look at the memory-access regulation mechanisms in the MPAM specification and provides some detailed instantiations of such mechanisms. A fine-grained memory contention analysis is presented for each of them to finally enable a comparison of their worst-case performance.
Inferring attention through cursor trajectories

The present research infers aspects of spatial attention from movement to targets (and preferably not to foils) of a mousecontrolled cursor on a computer monitor. The long-term goal is a data-rich and rapid assessment technique that can be used to diagnose individual and clinical deficits of attention. The aim of this present research is validating the approach using a college population of subjects. In the experiment, participants attempt to move a cursor toward three spatial positions at which targets appear rapidly but at irregular times, and attempt to inhibit movements toward foils appearing at those positions. We assume that cursor movements toward a position indicates attention has been directed toward that position. A modified Hidden Markov Model (HMM) uses five sources of evidence, all based on parameters to be estimated, to predict the time varying movement of attention: four aspects of cursor movement and a probability that attention will move from one time interval to the next. Five minutes of data are used to estimate parameters for each subject that produce a predicted attention trajectory which best matches what the subject is instructed to do. These parameters are used to predict the attention trajectory for the remainder of the hour of testing. The predictions of attention movements are then matched to the appearance of targets and foils to infer such components of attention as ability to respond to targets vs foils, times to do so, and changes in these components over time. The results illustrate a promising approach to assessment of attention that could likely be employed for both adults and children in clinical settings requiring short testing periods.
INTERNALIZATION OF MULTIPLICATION AND DIVISION CONCEPTS IN A NEO-PIAGETIAN PERSPECTIVE

In cognitive development context, scheme is conceived as the unit of analysis of cognitive processes. Pascual-Leone as a neo-Piagetian explains cognitive development by combining the information-processing theory and Piagetian theory. In his theory, the Theory of Constructive Operators, Pascual -Leone proposes the scope of scheme and offers operators as constructs schemes. Constructed schemes can explain internalization. This paper describes internalization of multiplication and division concepts is experienced by 9-year-old children, in the theory of constructive operators as a neo-Piagetian perspective.
Testing MOND/TEVES with LISA Pathfinder

We suggest that LISA Pathfinder could be used to subject TEVES, and in particular the non-relativistic MOND phenomenology it incorporates, to a direct, controlled experimental test, in just a few years' time. The basic concept is to fly LISA Pathfinder through the region around the Sun-Earth saddle point, following its nominal mission, in order to look for anomalous gravity gradients. We examine various strategies to reach the saddle point, and conclude that the preferred strategy, resulting in relatively short transfer times of order one year, probably involves a lunar fly-by. We present robust estimates of the MOND gravity gradients that LISA Pathfinder should be exposed to, and conclude that if the gradiometer on-board the spacecraft achieves its nominal performance, these gradients will not just be detected, but measured and characterised in some detail, should they exist. Conversely, given the large predicted signal based on standard assumptions, a null result would most likely spell the end of TEVES/MOND.
In vitro assessment of varying peptide surface density on the suppression of angiogenesis by micelles displaying αvβ3 blocking peptides

Abstract Ligand targeted therapy (LTT) is a precision medicine strategy that can selectively target diseased cells while minimizing off‐target effects on healthy cells. Integrin‐targeted LTT has been developed recently for angiogenesis‐related diseases. However, the clinical success is based on the optimal design of the nanoparticles for inducing receptor clustering within the cell membrane. The current study focused on determining the surface density of Ser‐Asp‐Val containing anti‐integrin heptapeptide on poly (ethylene glycol)‐b‐poly(propylene sulfide) micelles (MC) required for anti‐angiogenic effects on HUVECs. Varying peptide density on PEG‐b‐PPS/Pep‐PA MCs (Pep‐PA‐Peptide‐palmitoleic acid) was used in comparison to a random peptide (SGV) and cRGD (cyclic‐Arginine‐Glycine‐Aspartic acid) construct at 5%‐density on MCs. Immunocytochemistry using CD51/CD31 antibody was performed to study the integrin blocking by MCs. In addition, the expression of VWF and PECAM‐1, cell migration and tube formation was evaluated in the presence of PEG‐b‐PPS/Pep‐PA MCs. The results show PEG‐b‐PPS/SDV‐PA MCs with 5%‐peptide density to achieve significantly higher αvβ3 blocking compared to random peptide as well as cRGD. In addition, αvβ3 blocking via MCs further reduced the expression of vWF and PECAM‐1 angiogenesis protein expression in HUVECs. Although a significant level of integrin blocking was observed for 1%‐peptide density on MCs, the cell migration and tube formation were not significantly affected. In conclusion, the results of this study demonstrate that the peptide surface density on PEG‐b‐PPS/Pep‐PA MCs has a significant impact in integrin blocking as well as inhibiting angiogenesis during LTT. The outcomes of this study provides insight into the design of ligand targeted nanocarriers for various disease conditions.
Kartogenin Induced Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Exosomes Enhance the Chondrogenic Differentiation Ability of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells

Objective The objective of this study is to explore the effect of kartogenin (KGN-)-pretreated adipose-derived stem cell-derived exosomes (ADSC-EXOs) on the chondrogenic differentiation ability of ADSCs. Methods Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) were treated with different doses of KGN, and exosomes (EXOs) were extracted. EXOs were then identified using an electron microscope (EM), nanoparticle tracking analyzer, nanoparticle tracking analysis software, and exosomal protein markers. EXOs were labeled with the fluorescent dye PKH67 and their uptake by cells was evaluated. A cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, flow cytometry, clonogenic assay, and a cell scratch assay were used to detect the abilities of proliferation, apoptosis, clone formation, and migration of ADSCs, respectively. Subsequently, Alcian blue staining and toluidine blue staining were used to detect the chondrogenic differentiation ability of ADSCs in each group. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot (WB) techniques were used to detect the expression of chondrogenic differentiation-related genes. Results In this study, ADSCs and KGN-induced ADSC-EXOs were successfully extracted and isolated. EXOs and ADSCs coculturing results showed that KGN-induced ADSC-EXOs can significantly promote proliferation, clone formation, migration, and chondrogenic differentiation of ADSCs and inhibit apoptosis. In addition, KGN-induced ADSC-EXOs can increase the expression of chondrogenic-related genes in ADSCs (Aggrecan, Collagen III, Collagen II, and SOX9), and can significantly decrease the expression of chondrolysis-related genes (MMP-3, ADAMTS4, and ADAMTS5). Conclusion KGN-induced ADSC-EXOs can enhance the chondrogenic differentiation ability of ADSCs by promoting cell proliferation and migration while inhibiting cell apoptosis. KGN treatment can also increase the expression of chondrogenic differentiation-related genes and decrease the expression of chondrolysis-related genes. These results provide a new approach to cartilage repair and regeneration.
Mortality in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants in South American NEOCOSUR Neonatal Network: timing and causes

INTRODUCTION Mortality in very low birth weight infants (VLBWIs) has remained at ~26% in the past 16 years in the NEOCOSUR Neonatal Network. OBJECTIVE Mortality in very low birth weight infants (VLBWIs) has remained at ~26% in the past 16 years in the NEOCOSUR Neonatal Network. POPULATION AND METHODS Observational, multicenter cohort study; retrospective analysis of data collected prospectively. Newborn infants born between 24 and 31+6 weeks of gestation age with a birth weight between 500 and 1500 g in the 26 sites of the NEOCOSUR Neonatal Network were included. The causes of death were analyzed depending on whether they occurred in the delivery room (DR) or in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The postnatal age at time of death was determined using the KaplanMeier test. RESULTS Observational, multicenter cohort study; retrospective analysis of data collected prospectively. Newborn infants born between 24 and 31+6 weeks of gestation age with a birth weight between 500 and 1500 g in the 26 sites of the NEOCOSUR Neonatal Network were included. The causes of death were analyzed depending on whether they occurred in the delivery room (DR) or in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The postnatal age at time of death was determined using the KaplanMeier test. CONCLUSIONS Important differences were observed in the causes of death of VLBWIs depending on their occurrence in the DR or the NICU. Infectious and respiratory conditions were the most relevant factors following admission to the NICU.
Optimization of the challenges facing the Iraqi economy based on the values of returns in 2000-2020

In this paper, the situation in the Iraqi economy for the period of 2000-2020 has been analyzed using three hybrid models. The research hypothesis was launched from the necessity of interaction between the activity of the Iraqi market for securities and the local financial and economic institutions. The hypothesis has been verified accordingly using Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test, normality test and Multicollinearity Test. The statistical analysis was based on the three mathematical models to expect return and risk values of Iraqi money market. Three basic models (optimization (BO), Optimized Return Value (ORV), General Optimization Risk (GOR)) have been conducted to optimize and analyze the given data accordingly. The research reached several conclusions, the most prominent of which is the limited economic role of the Iraqi market for securities; the potential exposure to negative effects that could be produced by international crises because of the expected openness, due to the possibility of illegal capital movements resulting in irrational speculation; the difficulty of implementing monetary and financial policies, due to vulnerability to international challenges
Epigenetic Alterations under Oxidative Stress in Stem Cells

Epigenetic regulation of gene expression, including DNA methylation and histone modifications, provides finely tuned responses for cells that undergo cellular environment changes. Abundant evidences have demonstrated the detrimental role of oxidative stress in various human pathogenesis since oxidative stress results from the imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and antioxidant defense system. Stem cells can self-renew themselves and meanwhile have the potential to differentiate into many other cell types. As some studies have described the effects of oxidative stress on homeostasis and cell fate decision of stem cells, epigenetic alterations have emerged crucial for mediating the stem cell behaviours under oxidative stress. Here, we review recent findings on the oxidative effects on DNA and histone modifications in stem cells. We propose that epigenetic alterations and oxidative stress may influence each other in stem cells.
Alliance Reliability and Dispute Escalation

States form defensive alliances hoping to deter adversaries and avoid war. However, scholars and policy analysts often worry that if an alliance fails to deter the promise of military support will encourage escalation, pushing disputants closer to war. We show that in many cases this concern is unwarranted. We use a game-theoretic model of alliance reliability and crisis bargaining to show that the same factors that indicate unreliability and provoke disputes also encourage alliance members to make concessions rather than risk war. We test this hypothesis using a sample of militarized disputes initiated against members of defensive alliances, where recent shifts in military capabilities represent changes in challengers’ estimates of alliance reliability. Less-reliable alliances are less likely than reliable allies to deter disputes, but they also decrease the probability of escalation relative to reliable alliances. Unreliable alliances need not encourage war; rather, they can discourage it.
Delineation of Near Surface Water Flow Path of Wahawa Geothermal Field by Using 2D Inversion of Resistivity Data

The Wahawa geothermal field which is located in the Eastern province of Sri Lanka has an average temperature of 60˚C in its surface manifestations. Since the temperature is considerably high, it is important to explore the feasibility of direct utilization of the energy of this geothermal field. In the present study, electrical resistivity measurements were employed in a 20 km 2 region in order to delineate the Wahawa geothermal system and to understand the near-surface fracture pattern. Electrical resistivity mapping of the region has been carried out using Schlumberger array measurements with nominal current array spacing (half spacing) of 150 m and it was observed that there was a path of low (<30 W) apparent resistivity. These results revealed that the hotsprings resting on a hard rock terrain are presumably composed of metamorphic rocks, suggesting lateral movement of hotwater towards the hotsprings instead of a deep-influx. The area of surface manifestations is not suitable for utilization application due to clustering of the main feeding path. The major hotwater feeding path which is extending in the west direction can be recommended as a possible drilling target for direct utilization applications.
Distributed Decoding From Heterogeneous 1-Bit Compressive Measurements

Abstract We develop a communication-efficient distributed estimation for the 1-bit compressive sensing where unknown sparse signals are coded into binary measurements with noises and sign flips. We allow for distinctive sign-flipped probabilities and intensities of noises for measurements collected at different nodes, which raises a heterogeneity issue. We suggest a distributed algorithm through penalized least squares to recover sparse signals. This algorithm is computationally very efficient with only gradient information communicated. The resulting distributed estimate converges after a single iteration even when a lousy initial estimate is provided, and achieves a nearly oracle rate after a constant number of iterations. We prove that, under some mild conditions, with high probability, the distributed estimate approximates the underlying true sparse signal with precision δ after a finite number of iterations, as long as the total sample size N satisfies , where p is the dimension and s is the number of nonzero elements of the underlying true sparse signals. We establish statistical guarantee for support recovery. Extensive experiments are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of our proposed distributed algorithm. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Sandwich Theorem and Calculation of the Theta Function for Several Graphs

SANDWICH THEOREM AND CALCULATION OF THE THETA FUNCTION FOR SEVERAL GRAPHS Marcia Riddle Department of Mathematics Master of Science This paper includes some basic ideas about the computation of a function θ(G), the theta number of a graph G, which is known as the Lovasz number of G. θ(G) lies between two hard-to-compute graph numbers ω(G), the size of the largest clique in a graph G, and χ(G), the minimum number of colors need to properly color the vertices of G. Lovasz and Grotschel called this the “Sandwich Theorem”. Donald E. Knuth gives four additional definitions of θ, θ1, θ2, θ3, θ4 and proves that they are all equal. First I am going to describe the proof of the equality of θ, θ1 and θ2 and then I will show the calculation of the θ function for some specific graphs: Kn, graphs related to Kn, and Cn. This will help us understand the θ function, an important function for graph theory. Some of the results are calculated in different ways. This will benefit students who have a basic knowledge of graph theory and want to learn more about the theta function.
The maximum phonation time and temporal aspects in Korean stops in children with spastic cerebral palsy

This study evaluated the respiratory capacity of spastic cerebral palsy children who were grouped by GMFCS (Gross Motor Function Classification System) levels and identified the acoustic characteristics of three different types of Korean stops (stop consonants) which are needed for the temporal coordination of larynx and supra-larynx, in these children. Thirty-two children with dysarthria due to spastic cerebral palsy were divided into two subgroups: 14 children classified at GMFCS levels I~III were placed in Group 1 and 18 classified at GMFCS levels IV~V were placed in Group 11, and 18 children with normal speech were selected and placed in the control group. /a/ pronged phonation (sustained vowel /a/) and nine Korean VCV syllables were used. Examined acoustic characteristics were maximum phonation time (MPT) and closure duration and aspiration duration. The results were as follows: 1) The MPTs of the cerebral palsy (CP) groups, both Group I and Group II, were significantly shorter than those of the normal group. 2) The closure durations of the two CP groups were longer than those of the normal group for all 9 target syllables. 3) The aspiration durations of the two CP groups were longer than those of the normal group. 4) The closure duration of the normal and CP Group I was significantly different among tense, aspirated, and lax. However, the CP Group II was different from normal. 5) The aspiration duration of the normal and CP Group I was significantly different among aspirated, tense, and lax. However, the CP Group II was different from normal. 6) The place of articulation influenced less than the manner of articulation on closure and aspiration duration.
Explorando a relação entre redes espaciais na escala regional e indicadores econômicos das cidades: o caso do RS

A estrutura espacial de cidades e regiões vem se tornando mais complexa, sendo que as interações sócio-espaciais que ocorrem em redes de cidades parecem ter um papel importante, influenciando o potencial econômico dos municípios. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar uma metodologia que permita analisar o papel da configuração da rede espacial de municípios no seu desempenho econômico. A investigação se insere na área da morfologia urbana, através de um enfoque sistêmico e quantitativo, no campo dos estudos configuracionais urbanos. Toma-se como estudo empírico a rede de cidades no Rio Grande do Sul. O modelo da rede espacial (grafo) é constituído pelos municípios (nós) e pelas rodovias (ligações), sendo calculadas as medidas de acessibilidade e centralidade configuracional. Os resultados destas medidas são então relacionados a atributos econômicos dos municípios (PIB e VAB) através de uma análise estatística de clusters. O estudo empírico revelou evidências de que um bom desempenho dos municípios na rede configuracional está associado a indicadores econômicos específicos: maior PIB, maiores valores de VAB indústria e serviços e menores valores de VAB agropecuária. As conclusões procuram discutir as potencialidades e limitações da abordagem utilizada para a compreensão da estrutura espacial regional.