Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Coverage Request for DecisionDx DiffDx-Melanoma (Z00BS)

Difficult-to-diagnose melanocytic neoplasms with uncertain malignant potential are an important clinical problem, for (a) dermatopathologists who face the challenge of providing a clear and accurate diagnosis and (b) dermatologists who need a clear diagnosis to support treatment and patient management decisions. Approximately 300,000 melanocytic lesions each year cannot be confidently diagnosed as benign or malignant by H&E staining alone.1–3 Today, dermatopathologists resolve their diagnoses by consultation with colleagues, immunohistochemical studies (IHC), and adjunctive molecular testing such as gene expression, however, significant uncertainty often remains after employment of these tools due to substantial levels of diagnostic discordance among dermatopathologists and limitations in the accuracy and application of currently available molecular testing.2–7 The impact of this ambiguity can result in misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis of melanoma, both of which have considerable impact on patient care. Unnecessary re-excisions, sentinel lymph node biopsies, and increased follow-up may result from misdiagnosis of a diagnostically challenging benign lesion, whereas a diagnostically challenging melanoma inappropriately classified as a benign nevus may result in undertreatment for a potentially deadly disease. 8–10 Castle Biosciences has developed the DecisionDx DiffDxMelanoma test, a 35-gene expression profile test (35-GEP), with intended use in primary cutaneous melanocytic neoplasms or for which malignant potential is uncertain.11,12 This is an adjunctive diagnostic test to characterize lesions as benign or malignant when used in the context of other clinical, laboratory and histopathologic information. Note that in April 2019, Palmetto MolDX posted a final LCD for a similar gene expression profile test (Myriad MyPath Melanoma, a 23-gene expression profile test [23-GEP] [ZB041, L37859]) that has also been validated as an adjunctive diagnostic aid for invasive melanocytic neoplasms of uncertain malignant potential.
Towards the Automatic Identification of Optimal Configurations of CI/CD Pipelines of Software Development Projects: Symbolic, Meta-heuristic and Statistical Approaches

One major DevOps activity is the establishment of Continuous Integration and Continuous Delivery or Continuous Deployment (CI / CD) pipelines to automate many tasks of the software life cycle, such as build, functional testing, quality testing, security checks, packaging, or deployment. Implementation and maintenance of these pipelines are repetitive, tedious and time-consuming. In addition, some developer teams do not have the required skills. The objective of this PhD is to develop a CI/CD pipeline generator which will provide optimal CI/CD configurations regardless of the target execution platform. This will also facilitate the CI/CD configurations cross-platform migration. To achieve our goal we define a 4-step process methodology alongside with three strategies, i.e. (meta-)heuristic, symbolic and statistical for identifying optimal CI/CD pipelines. In this paper we also present our preliminary results on determining a common model for founding the pipeline variability.
Aspects of a machine-checked intermediate language for extraction from Coq, in MetaCoq

We discuss our progress on establishing λ □ , an untyped version of the PCUIC calculus used in MetaCoq to model the type theory of the Coq proof assistant, as intermediate language for various verified extraction and compilation projects. We aim at establishing and unifying correctness properties for erasure from PCUIC to λ □ and at providing both translation-validated and verified syntax transformations on PCUIC and λ □ . In previous work, we have given a machine-checked correctness proof for type and proof erasure [10] based on MetaCoq [9]. The central theorem is due to Letouzey [8] and states that if a term t of PCUIC (the name of the calculus used in the MetaCoq formalisation of the type theory underlying Coq) weak call-by-value evaluates to a value v , then the application of the erasure function to t yields a term in the untyped calculus λ □ which weak call-by-value evaluates to a value v ′ which is in the erasure relation of v . Crucially, the theorem mentions both an erasure function and a (non-functional) erasure relation, which only agree on values of first-order inductive type but not in general (see [8, 10] for details). Currently, λ □ is used as intermediate language for extraction from Coq to other targets, e.g. in the CertiCoq compiler from Coq to C code [1, 3], in the ConCert project [2] extracting from Coq to (ML-like) blockchain languages, and in our own project on verifying Coq’s extraction to OCaml. 1 In the latter, we are working with respect to a formal semantics of the Malfunction language, the (untyped) intermediate language of the OCaml compiler [5]. The arising are manifold: They are of nature, often
AIS Electronic Library (AISeL) AIS Electronic Library (AISeL) Jukebox: An Adaptive Collaborative Open Application Jukebox: An Adaptive Collaborative Open Application Development Ecosystem Development Ecosystem

In this day and age products are expected to be delivered to the right consumer at the right time through the right channel, in a way that inspires, informs and excites them. An adaptive, collaborative, open, and flexible mobile application solution has been designed for implementation. This solution undertakes to promote a broad level of inter and intra industry inclusivity, increase efficiency and efficacy, reduce total cost of operations, secure high transactional revenues, optimally channelize investments for better returns with minimum data pilferage and stimulates value for the end-users. The solution uses a jukebox metaphor and proposes conceptual workflows, architectures, protocols, and an application development ecosystem. These artefacts are a call for standards that could potentially evoke a paradigm change in mobile app development and operations.
Data Structure for Advance Planning and Reservation in Grid System

In Grid system, we need an advance reservation to ensure that specified resources are available for applications in a particular time in the future. The impact of advance reservations is decreasing resource utilization due to fragmentations. To mitigate this problem in our previous work we have proposed a novel advance reservation scheduling namely First Come First Serve – Ejecting base Dynamic Scheduling (FCFS-EDS) with advance planning. In order to implement reliable FCFS – EDS scheduling, it is important to store information in data structures about future allocations and to provide fast access to the available information. This paper proposes a novel data structure used by FCFS – EDS scheduling strategy to increase the throughput in a grid environment. General Terms Data Structure, Algorithm.
84 Days of Fetal Life Usage During H Account for 80 Percent of V Genes H and Neonatal Piglets. I. Four V Antibody Repertoire Development in Fetal

VDJ rearrangement and V H gene usage during fetal development in 35 outbred piglets was examined by PCR ampliﬁcation of VDJs; VDJs were subsequently characterized by hybridization with V H -speciﬁc gene probes and by sequencing. VDJ rearrangement was ﬁrst seen in the fetal liver on day 30 of a 114-day gestation. Four V H genes (V H A, V H B, V H C, and V H E) accounted for ~80% of all V H gene usage regardless of gestational age, choice of piglet, or lymphoid tissue tested; D H A and D H B were used in > 90% of the fetal VDJs examined. Evidence of somatic hypermutation during fetal development was not found. The proportion of the four prominent fetal V H genes did not differ signiﬁcantly between cDNA and DNA, suggesting the absence of selective B cell differentiation. A comparison of recombination signal sequences, ﬂanking sequences, and framework sequences of these fetal genes with other germline V H genes of swine offered no clue as to their selective usage. N-region additions were prominent on day 40 but not on day 30, suggesting that the onset of terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase activity occurs after 30 days of fetal development. These collective ﬁndings indicate that the preimmune, “natural Ab” repertoire of the fetal piglet is largely restricted to the use of four nonpolymorphic and nonmutated V H genes and two nonmutated D H segments. This suggests that the preimmune repertoire of swine is either highly restricted or almost entirely determined by junctional diversity in complementarity-deter-mining region-3. The Journal of Immunology, 1998, 161: 5070–5078.
Exosomes and Cardiac Repair After Myocardial Infarction Role of Exosomes in Myocardial Remodeling Cardioprotection? and Cardiac Repair After Myocardial Infarction Cell–Cell

myocardium secretes exosomes could carry circulating miRNAs. conclude that a comprehensive study of the role of exosomes in cardiac repair after MI could bridge a major gap in as accelerate our of the Abstract: Myocardial infarction is a leading cause of death among all cardiovascular diseases. The analysis of molecular mechanisms by which the ischemic myocardium initiates repair and remodeling indicates that secreted soluble factors are key players in communication to local and distant tissues, such as bone marrow. Recently, actively secreted membrane vesicles, including exosomes, are being recognized as new candidates with important roles in intercellular and tissue-level communication. In this review, we critically examine the emerging role of exosomes in local and distant microcommunication mechanisms after myocardial infarction. A comprehensive understanding of the role of exosomes in cardiac repair after myocardial infarction could bridge a major gap in knowledge of the repair mechanism after myocardial injury. ( Circ Res . 2014;114:333-344.)
Peptide:MHC Class II Presentation Infection Are Maintained by Low-Level T Cell Persistence and Function after + CD4

CD4 + memory–phenotype T cells decline over time when generated in response to acute infections cleared by other components of the immune system. Therefore, it was of interest to assess the stability of CD4 + T cells during a persistent Salmonella infection, which is typical of persistent phagocytic infections that are controlled by this lymphocyte subset. We found that CD4 + T cells speciﬁc for Salmonella peptide:MHC class II (MHCII) ligands were numerically stable for >1 y after initial oral infection. This stability was associated with peptide:MHCII-driven proliferation by a small number of T cells in the secondary lymphoid organs that harbored bacteria. The persistent population consisted of multifunctional Th1 cells that induced PD-1 and became exhausted when transferred to hosts expressing the speciﬁc peptide:MHCII ligand in all parts of the body. Thus, persistent infection of phagocytes produced a CD4 + T cell population that was stably maintained by low-level peptide:MHCII presentation. The Journal of Immunology , 2013, 190: 000–000. xpanded populations of Ag-speciﬁc T and B cells that persist long after pathogen clearance are responsible for immunological memory. These cells are useful to the host, providing protective immunity to subsequent challenge by the original microbe. The memory cell paradigm has been established most clearly for CD8 + T cells. CD8 + T cells expressing TCRs speciﬁc for microbe peptide:MHC class I (p:MHCI) ligands proliferate extensively, producing a peak number of effector cells about a week after acute infection. About 90% of these effector cells die by apoptosis, leaving a population of memory cells that is stably maintained by recurrent IL-15–driven homeostatic proliferation.
ADAPTIVE FAULT-TOLERANT ROUTING

ABSTRACTA connected hypercube with faulty links and/or nodes is called an injured hypercube. Toenable any non-faulty node to communicate with any other non-faulty node in an injured hypcr-cube, the information on component failures has to be made available to non-faulty nodes so as toroute messages around the faulty components.We propose first a distributed adaptive fault-tolerant routing scheme for an injured hyper-cube in which each node is required to know only the condition of its own links. Despite its sim-plicity, this scheme is shown to be capable of routing messages successfully in an injured hyper-cube as long as the number of faulty components is less than n. Moreover, it is proved that thisscheme routes messages via shortest paths with a rather high probability and the expected lengthof a resulting path is very close to that of a shortest path. Since the assumption that the numberof faulty components is less than n in an n-dimensional hypercube might limit the usefulness ofthe above scheme, we also introduce a routing scheme based on depth-first search which works inthe presence of an arbitrary number of faulty components.Due to the insufficient information on faulty components, however, the paths chosen by theabove scheme may not always be the shortest. To guarantee all messages to be routed via shor-test paths, we propose to equip every node with more information than that on its own links. Theeffects of this additional information on routing efficiency are analyzed, and the additional infor-mation to be kept at each node for the shortest path routing is determined. Several examples andremarks are also given to illustrate bur results.Index Terms: Injured and regular hypercubes, distributed adaptive fault-tolerant routing, dcpth-first search, looping effects, network delay tables, failure information.
SIMULATING HETNETS

In order to aid vendors and operators in the development and deployment of new heterogeneous cellular networks (HCNs), and the refinement of existing network procedures such as handover (HO) and radio resource management (RRM), network simulation, planning, and optimization tools that are able to evaluate the overall performance of complex cellular networks are required. In this context, system-level simulations have become a widely adopted methodology. In system-level simulations, the elements and operations of a cellular network are modeled by computer software. This approach is simpler and cheaper than a real implementation, and is more accurate and reliable than analytical modeling. The number of assumptions and simplifications made in system-level simulations depend on the computer software used, but they are usually much smaller than in analytical modeling. As a result, system-level simulations can model more complex cellular networks, but they usually require significant computing capabilities to obtain statistically representative results, mostly if the number of base stations (BSs) and user equipments (UEs) is large. In order to avoid a prohibitive computational costs, a trade-off between accuracy and complexity needs to be made. In this line, the Third-Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) provides useful guidelines on system-level simulations, and defines simulation procedures and parameters, which we follow in this book.
Surgical treatment in deep digital sepsis in cattle – Claw preserving methods and claw amputation

Still today lameness represents a major health problem in many dairy farms with prevalences ranging from 0 to 70%; mean prevalence rates of about 36% were reported by many authors. Unfortunately, the lameness prevalence is highly underestimated by farmers. An acceptable lameness prevalence in dairy herds regarding ethical and economical considerations is 5% to maximal 10%. Lameness continues to be one of the largest economic drains on dairy farming and is one of the three most common reason for culling, preceded by reproductive failure and mastitis. Lameness results in direct loss via culling as well as indirect loss via decreased production of milk, milk fat and protein, reproductive failure, prolonged calving interval, extra labor of the dairy farmer and the foot trimmer, extra visits of the veterinarian, treatment costs and costs for discarded milk.
ABELIAN POWERS AND IN STURMIAN WORDS

Richomme, Saari and Zamboni (J. Lond. Math. Soc. 83: 79–95, 2011) proved that at every position of a Sturmian word starts an abelian power of exponent k for every k > 0. We improve on this result by studying the maximum exponents of abelian powers and abelian repetitions (an abelian repetition is an analogue of a fractional power) in Sturmian words. We give a formula for computing the maximum exponent of an abelian power of abelian period m starting at a given position in any Sturmian word of rotation angle α . By considering all possible abelian periods m , we recover the result of Richomme, Saari and Zamboni. As an analogue of the critical exponent, we introduce the abelian critical exponent A ( s α ) of a Sturmian word s α of angle α as the quantity A ( s α ) = lim sup k m /m = lim sup k (cid:2) m /m , where k m (resp. k (cid:2) m ) denotes the maximum exponent of an abelian power (resp. of an abelian repetition) of abelian period m (the superior limits coincide for Sturmian words). We show that A ( s α ) equals the Lagrange constant of the number α . This yields a formula for computing A ( s α ) in terms of the partial quotients of the continued fraction expansion of α . Using this formula, we prove that A ( s α ) ≥ √ 5 and that the equality holds for the Fibonacci word. We further prove that A ( s α ) is ﬁnite if and only if α has bounded partial quotients, that is, if and only if s α is β -power-free for some real number β . Concerning the inﬁnite Fibonacci word, we prove that: i longest j +1 + F j − 1 + 1) − 2 if j is even or F j ( F j +1 + F j − 1 ) − 2 if j is odd, where F j is the j th Fibonacci number; ii ) The minimum abelian period of any factor is a Fibonacci number. Further, we derive a formula for the minimum abelian periods of the ﬁnite Fibonacci words: we prove that for j ≥ 3 the Fibonacci word f j , of length F j , has minimum abelian period equal to F (cid:3) j/ 2 (cid:4) if j = 0 , 1 , 2 mod 4 or to F 1+ (cid:3) j/ 2 (cid:4) if j = 3 mod 4.
Randomized, trial extended-release for

: Background: The treatment of levodopa-induced dyskinesia in Parkinson’s disease (PD) is an unmet need with no approved drug therapy. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investi-gate the efﬁcacy and safety of 274 mg ADS-5102 (amantadine) extended-release capsules (equivalent to 340-mg amantadine HCl) for levodopa-induced dyskinesia in a randomized controlled trial. Methods: PD patients with (cid:2) 1 hour of troublesome dyskinesia and at least mild functional impact were randomized to placebo or ADS-5102 once daily at bedtime for 13 weeks. The primary efﬁcacy analysis was based on change from baseline to week 12 on the Uniﬁed Dyskinesia Rating Scale total score in the modiﬁed intent-to-treat population. OFF time was a key secondary
ECS an Endeavor Towards Providing Similar Cache Reliability Behavior in Different Programs

Reliability of embedded processors is one of the major concerns in safety-critical applications. Reliability is particularly expressed within the cache memories which are the largest part of new system on chips. Cache memories are the most vulnerable parts of the embedded systems and can affect the reliability drastically especially in deep transistor scaling. Therefore, evaluating the cache vulnerability is crucial in design of a reliable system especially for safety-critical applications.It has been shown that using the same cache sizes for different applications leads to incompatible vulnerability patterns in applications. According to the literature, most of the related researches, have exploited identical cache sizes for different programs in their reliability evaluations, while the cache reliability strictly depends on the cache size and program behavior. Traditional attempts for finding an appropriate cache size fordifferent programs would need a huge design space exploration.In this work, we have introduced a criterion for determining the Effective Cache Size (ECS) for embedded processors which considers the inherent programs’ reliability and performance properties. According to the results, using the ECS for the representative benchmark applications, the reliability would be increased 43x on average with acceptable performance degradations (21% on average).
cut-points for classifying sedentary

Introduction: To examine the validity and accuracy of wrist accelerometers for classifying 22 sedentary behavior (SB) in children. Methods: Fifty-seven children (5-8y and 9-12y) completed a ~170min protocol including 15 24 semi-structured activities and transitions. Nine ActiGraph (GT3X+) and two GENEActiv 25 wrist cut-points were evaluated. Direct observation was the criterion measure. The accuracy 26 of wrist cut-points was compared to that achieved by the ActiGraph hip cut-point ( ≤ 25 27 counts/15s) and the thigh-mounted activPAL3 TM . Analyses included equivalence testing, 28 Bland-Altman procedures and area under the receiver operating curve (ROC-AUC). 29 Results: The most accurate ActiGraph wrist cut-points (Kim, vector magnitude: ≤ 3958 30 counts/60s and vertical axis: ≤ 1756 counts/60s) demonstrated good classification accuracy 31 (ROC-AUC = 0.85-0.86) and accurately estimated SB time in 5-8y (equivalence p=0.02; 32 mean bias: 4.1%, limits of agreement [LoA]: -20.1-28.4%) and 9-12y (equivalence p<0.01; - 33 2.5%, -27.9-22.9%). Mean bias of SB time estimates from Kim were smaller than ActiGraph 34 hip (5-8y: 15.8%, -5.7-37.2%; 9-12y: 17.8%, -3.9-39.5%) and similar to or smaller than 35 activPAL3 TM (5-8y: 12.6%, -39.8-14.7%; 9-12y: -1.4%, -13.9-11.0%), although classification 36 accuracy was similar to ActiGraph hip (ROC-AUC = 0.85) but lower than activPAL3 TM 37 (ROC-AUC = 0.92-0.97). Mean bias (5-8y: 6.5%, -16.1-29.1%; 9-12y: 10.5%, -13.6-34.6%) Conclusion: The most accurate SB ActiGraph (Kim) and GENEActiv (Schaefer) wrist cut- 44 points can be applied in children with similar confidence as the ActiGraph hip cut-point (≤25 45 counts/15s), although activPAL3 TM was generally more accurate. 46 47 standing still as SB. The results of this study suggest that, while hip- based cut-points that typically misclassify standing still as SB, wrist cut-points exhibit some misclassification of non-SB as SB and vice-versa. Progress on alternative approaches, such as those utilising machine learning (15, 27, 33) is therefore required, but until such strategies are widely available, the use of the most accurate ActiGraph and GENEActiv wrist cut-points for estimating SB is recommended.
Streptococcus Response to Group B Role of Lipoteichoic Acid in the Phagocyte

Group B Streptococcus (GBS) cell walls potently activate phagocytes by a largely TLR2-independent mechanism. In contrast, the cell wall component lipoteichoic acid (LTA) from diverse Gram-positive bacterial species has been shown to engage TLR2. In this study we examined the role of LTA from GBS in phagocyte activation and the requirements for TLR-LTA interaction. Using cells from knockout mice and genetic complementation in epithelial cells we found that highly pure LTA from both GBS and Staphylococcus aureus interact with TLR2 and TLR6, but not TLR1, in contrast to previous reports. Furthermore, NF- (cid:1) B activation by LTA required the integrity of two putative PI3K binding domains within TLR2 and was inhibited by wortmannin, indicating an essential role for PI3K in cellular activation by LTA. However, LTA from GBS proved to be a relatively weak stimulus of phagocytes containing (cid:1) 20% of the activity observed with LTA from Staphylococcus aureus . Structural analysis by nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry revealed important differences between LTA from GBS and S. aureus , speciﬁcally differences in glycosyl linkage, in the glycolipid anchor and a lack of N -acetylglucosamine substituents of the glycerophosphate backbone. Furthermore, GBS expressing LTA devoid of D -alanine residues, that are essential within immune activation by LTA, exhibited similar inﬂammatory potency as GBS