Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
IMAGE ENHANCEMENT AND DE-NOISING TECHNIQUES OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGES

Medical images have noise, such as salt and pepper, speckle, and gaussian noise. So, getting the accuracy of magnetic resonance images is challenging always. The accuracy of brain images is essential for the clinical diagnosis process. The nonlinear method of median and morphological filters is used for enhancement, contrast adjustment, and histogram equalization for medical images and speech processing, to preserve them from noise and edge features. Because of its edge-preserving properties, this median spatial filter window is critically important and better for removing impulsive noise and speckle noise. Nine different shapes of windows and five different sizes of windows and five noise density injections are used for evaluating the performance of the median filter. The first person J.W. Tukey, did the smoothing process by median rank selection filter. The denoising using morphological process is also considered for analysis. These two nonlinear methods like median filtering and morphological methods are used for the restoration of noise from the original image. These two methods are applied in normal and seizure-affected images to calculate quality assessment metrics and also the performance evaluation metrics from magnetic resonance images. Any image needs to be denoised to get the accuracy, precision, and F-measure kind of common feature evaluation metrics. This paper evaluates two nonlinear filtering methods and their performance evaluated based on shapes and size of windows and for suppressing or de-noising to produce original noise-free images to assist clinically.
THE IMPACT OF ENTREPRENEURIAL MARKETING ON FIRM PERFORMANCE: MEDIATING EFFECT OF NETWORK DIVERSITY AND LEARNING CAPACITY; MODERATING EFFECT OF COMPETITIVE INTENSITY

This study investigates the role of entrepreneurial marketing as a predictor of firm performance. The research integrates variables of the dynamic interaction: mediating role of diversity of network and learning capability, moderating role of competitive intensity on the relationship between entrepreneurial marketing and performance of the firm.The study is explanatory in nature. To ensure the accuracy of quantitative results based on the experience of study participants, we employed a mixed method of qualitative and quantitative data collection. Data was collected in two stages: 1) field survey, 2) interviews of SMEs owners in Oman. The sample was purposively drawn from SMEs managers perceived to be knowledgeable about the tourism industry.No significant relationship was found between entrepreneurial marketing and firm performance. In addition, it was found that network selection mediates the relationship between entrepreneurial marketing and firm performance; however, learning capability does not.This study adds to the literature of the Omani market context on a strategic issue and provides managers with useful insights. Mixed methods provide a methodological contribution to understanding the dynamic relationship between variables presented in the entrepreneurship literature.
MicroRNA-122 Regulation of HCV Infections: Insights from Studies of miR-122-Independent Replication

Despite the advancement in antiviral therapy, Hepatitis C remains a global health challenge and one of the leading causes of hepatitis related deaths worldwide. Hepatitis C virus, the causative agent, is a positive strand RNA virus that requires a liver specific microRNA called miR-122 for its replication. Unconventional to the canonical role of miRNAs in translation suppression by binding to 3′Untranslated Region (UTR) of messenger RNAs, miR-122 binds to two sites on the 5′UTR of viral genome and promotes viral propagation. In this review, we describe the unique relationship between the liver specific microRNA and HCV, the current knowledge on the mechanisms by which the virus uses miR-122 to promote the virus life cycle, and how miR-122 impacts viral tropism and pathogenesis. We will also discuss the use of anti-miR-122 therapy and its impact on viral evolution of miR-122-independent replication. This review further provides insight into how viruses manipulate host factors at the initial stage of infection to establish a successful infection.
Structure and gap of low-x (Ga1-xInx)2O3 alloys

We study the electronic and local structural properties of pure and In-substituted β-Ga2O3 using density functional theory. Our main result is that the structural energetics of In in Ga2O3 causes most sites to be essentially inaccessible to In substitution, thus limiting the maximum In content to somewhere between 12 and 25 % in this phase. We also find that the band gap variation with doping is essentially due to "chemical pressure", i.e. volume variations with doping.
Reforming the Barrier: The Role of Formins in Wound Repair

The restoration of an intact epidermal barrier after wound injury is the culmination of a highly complex and exquisitely regulated physiological process involving multiple cells and tissues, overlapping dynamic events and protein synthesis and regulation. Central to this process is the cytoskeleton, a system of intracellular proteins that are instrumental in regulating important processes involved in wound repair including chemotaxis, cytokinesis, proliferation, migration, and phagocytosis. One highly conserved family of cytoskeletal proteins that are emerging as major regulators of actin and microtubule nucleation, polymerization, and stabilization are the formins. The formin family includes 15 different proteins categorized into seven subfamilies based on three formin homology domains (FH1, FH2, and FH3). The formins themselves are regulated in different ways including autoinhibition, activation, and localization by a range of proteins, including Rho GTPases. Herein, we describe the roles and effects of the formin family of cytoskeletal proteins on the fundamental process of wound healing and highlight recent advances relating to their important functions, mechanisms, and regulation at the molecular and cellular levels.
Character Theory of Finite Groups

Algebras, modules, and representations Group representations and characters Characters and integrality Products of characters Induced characters Normal subgroups T.I. sets and exceptional characters Brauer's theorem Changing the field The Schur index Projective representations Character degrees Character correspondence Linear groups Changing the characteristic Some character tables Bibliographic notes References Index.
Emerging Roles of Noncoding RNAs in Bovine Mastitis Diseases

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are an abundant class of RNA with varying nucleotide lengths. They have been shown to have great potential in eutherians/human disease diagnosis and treatments and are now gaining more importance for the improvement of diseases in livestock. To date, thousands of ncRNAs have been discovered in the bovine genome and the continuous advancement in deep sequencing technologies and various bioinformatics tools has enabled the elucidation of their roles in bovine health. Among farm animals’ diseases, mastitis, a common inflammatory disease in cattle, has caused devastating economic losses to dairy farmers over the last few decades. Here, we summarize the biology of bovine mastitis and comprehensively discuss the roles of ncRNAs in different types of mastitis infection. Based on our findings and relevant literature, we highlighted various evidence of ncRNA roles in mastitis. Different approaches (in vivo versus in vitro) for exploring ncRNA roles in mastitis are emphasized. More particularly, the potential applications of emerging genome editing technologies, as well as integrated omics platforms for ncRNA studies and implications for mastitis are presented.
Phase-type inference on competing risks models with covariates, using MCMC methods

The aim with this Master's thesis has been to develop a method of fitting a Phase-type model to a competing risks data set with covariates, and to approximate an underlying model such that important functionals and quantities can be estimated. To do this, the method proposed by Bladt et al. of fitting a Phase-type model to survival data, has been generalized to the competing risks setting, and this generalized method has been further extended to include covariates. The part of the theory which involves extending the method by Bladt et al. to competing risks was mainly produced in the Master's project in the fall of 2014, and is presented in the theory part. The method is a MCMC algorithm which updates the Phase-type parameters in a Gibbs-sampler. The results for the model without covariates show that the model is able to produce estimates for the sub-distribution functions, sub-density functions and cause-specific hazard rates in a satisfying way. Before developing the new method in the theory part, three existing competing risks regression models have been presented. This is the Fine \& Gray model, Cox regression and the model developed by Scheike and Zhang. These three models have also been used for comparison with the Phase-type model in the presentation of the results. New theory has been developed in the sense that covariates have been introduced in the existing model. This has been done by using covariate regression in the absorbing intensities of the Phase-type model. The results show that the model is suitable for a variety of different data sets and underlying distributions. The method manages to produce good estimates for the sub-distribution functions, sub-density functions, the covariate regression coefficients, and in many cases also for the cause-specific hazard rates. The estimates of the covariate regression coefficients are similar to the Cox regression coefficients.
Lunar cratering and erosion from Orbiter V photographs.

Incremental diameter-frequency relations for twelve lunar regions are presented for four classes of craters (sharp to soft), 0.02 to 2 km diameter. Sharp craters have similar frequencies on all regions. Soft-crater densities vary by factors up to 100, not only between highlands and maria, but between maria regions. Highlands lack the large excesses on the maria of soft craters; these excesses cluster about 0.8 km near Hyginus and at Ranger 8 and 9 impact sites, but about 0.2 km on Mare Imbrium, and at both or intermediate sizes for Bonpland and Sinus Medii. No simple large-scale erosive process on impact craters yields such excesses or the observed regional variations in crater density and percentage mix of sharp to soft craters. Crater populations for individual areas also seem inconsistent with saturation impact gardening: observable craters are not geometrically saturated, and frequency relations are not strictly parallel with slopes of −3. Uniform or episodic erosive or covering processes also generally fail to produce the observed excesses of soft craters, and a covering episode should produce a bump in the frequency of sharp craters that is not observed. These conclusions hold independently of any regional or vertical variations in structure that might affect energy-size scaling. Layering inferred from other studies apparently was not produced by impact gardening; the depth of the gardened layer (or effective depth of accretion or depletion) is probably less than 1 meter. Our data are consistent with this plausible (but not unique) interpretation: (1) Subsequent to extensive early blanketing, impact cratering has occurred on highlands and old crater walls, with a probable admixture of endogenic and secondary cratering; (2) The maria underwent similar processes, but have many additional endogenic craters, probably collapse features formed in lava flows. Our counts of craters by class should also be useful for refining alternative models for cratering and erosion.
Comparative Studies on a Standardized Subfraction of Red Onion Peel Ethanolic Extract (Plant Substance), Quercetin (Pure Compound), and Their Cell Mechanism and Metabolism on MDA-MB-231

This study indicates the presence of quercetin in subfraction F1 and the standardized value of F1 derived from research using ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) and AlCl3 colorimetric assays, which further proved that both F1 and quercetin are potential growth inhibitors in MDA-MB-231 cells by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. In the process, staining of F1-treated cells with annexin/propidium iodide (PI) reduced cell proliferation and induced only S and G2 phases of cell cycle arrest in the treated cells by flow cytometry. Quercetin reduced cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis and S phase arrest. The 5′-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation of DNA synthesis in MDA-MB-231 cells was also inhibited after F1 and quercetin treatments. F1 and quercetin induced CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 gene expression, but only F1 induced CYP2S1 gene expression in the treated cells. Both F1 and quercetin inhibited the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells in different ways, but F1 is likely a better potential anticancer agent derived from the green approach towards breast cancer treatment.
Quantum chaos of a kicked particle in a 1D infinite square potential well

We study quantum chaos in a non-KAM system, i.e. a kicked particle in a one-dimensional infinite square potential well. Within the perturbative regime the classical phase space displays stochastic web structures, and the diffusion coefficient D in the regime increases with the perturbative strength K giving a scaling $D \propto K^{2.5}$, and in the large K regime D goes as K^2. Quantum mechanically, we observe that the level spacing statistics of the quasi eigenenergies changes from Poisson to Wigner distribution as the kick strength increases. The quasi eigenstates show power-law localization in the small K region, which become extended one at large K. Possible experimental realization of this model is also discussed.
Implementasi Algoritma Term Frequency – Inverse Document Frequency dan Vector Space Model untuk Klasifikasi Dokumen Naskah Dinas

Abstrak— Pada kenyataannya dokumen naskah dinas diinstansi masih disimpan dan dicari secara manual. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan mengimplementasikan sistem klasifikasi dokumen naskah dinas secara otomatis dengan banyak kategori sehingga dapat mempermudah dalam penyimpanan dan pencarian dokumen naskah dinas. Penelitian ini menerapkan metode text mining dengan supervised learning menggunakan algoritma term frequency – inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) dan vector space model. Metode text mining digunakan untuk menentukan kata kunci dokumen secara otomatis. Algoritma TF-IDF melakukan pemberian bobot pada setiap kata kunci disetiap kategori dan vector space model untuk mencari kemiripan kata kunci dengan kategori yang tersedia. Implementasi dari sistem ini menghasilkan vektor pada setiap kategori sebagai data pembelajaran. sehingga nilai vektor tersebut akan dibandingkan dengan nilai dari kata kunci dokumen yang diuji untuk mencari kemiripan / similiarity. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa algoritma TF-IDF dan Vector Space Model dapat mengklasifikasikan dokumen naskah dinas dengan banyak kategori dengan akurasi hasil klasifikasi 70%-75%.
The Application of 7P Analysis Model in the Market Strategy - Taking the Beauty Industry as an Example

With the transformation of the national economy from the secondary industry to the tertiary industry, the rise of the service industry has become a hot topic of discussion. Therefore, in order to meet the needs of customers, more and more enterprises pay more attention to the role of service in the consumption process while improving product quality. Especially for the beauty industry, how to improve service quality is one of the issues that brands need to consider. In the past research, people have found the 4P that need to be discussed when considering the market strategy. However, with the rise of the service industry, people have found that the original four elements of the traditional market strategy are not enough to help people analyze the service market. Therefore, researchers have added three additional factor areas to assist people in analyzing the market, which formed the market strategy matrix’s 7P including the additional 3P of people, process, and physical evidence. Therefore, this paper mainly studies the application of 7P in market strategy, and takes the beauty industry as an example to help readers better understand the important role of 7P in market strategy. This paper adopts the research method of example analysis. Through empirical analysis, it is confirmed that 7P plays an important role in formulating market strategy. Especially for additional 3Ps, their emergence can help market researchers consider more comprehensively when formulating service market strategy, so as to better shape brand effect.
Human Resources based on Total Quality Management

Human resources owned by a company is the strength it has in order to be able to compete with other companies. company management will always create strategies to be able to create quality human resources. The strategy carried out will continue to move dynamically along with technological advances. One way to improve the quality of human resources is by implementing Total Quality Management or TQM. The application of TQM will provide many benefits for the company and the employees themselves. With TQM all aspects of the company such as leadership and employee training will be well planned and supervised. This study aims to determine the role of TQM in empowering human resources in companies. All expert opinions say that the implementation of TQM will have a positive impact on empowering the human resources they have. The disadvantage of implementing TQM is that the costs incurred are quite high. Management needs to think of more strategies in order to get a lot of benefits but not interfere with the company's financial situation.
Pioglitazone Ameliorates Hippocampal Neurodegeneration, Disturbances in Glucose Metabolism and AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathways in Pentyelenetetrazole-Kindled Mice

Disturbance of glucose metabolism, nerve growth factor (NGF) and m-TOR signaling have been associated with the pathophysiology of epilepsy. Pioglitazone (PGZ) is an anti-diabetic drug that shows a protective effect in neurodegenerative diseases including epilepsy; however, its exact mechanism is not fully elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate the potential neuroprotective effect of PGZ in pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) kindled seizure in mice. Swiss male albino mice were randomly distributed into four groups, each having six mice. Group 1 was considered the control. Epilepsy was induced by PTZ (35 mg/kg i.p.) thrice a week for a total of 15 injections in all other groups. Group 2 was considered the untreated PTZ group while Group 3 and Group 4 were treated by PGZ prior to PTZ injection at two dose levels (5 and 10 mg/kg p.o., respectively). Seizure activity was evaluated after each PTZ injection according to the Fischer and Kittner scoring system. At the end of the experiment, animals were sacrificed under deep anesthesia and the hippocampus was isolated for analysis of glucose transporters by RT-PCR, nerve growth factor (NGF) by ELISA and mTOR by western blotting, in addition to histopathological investigation. The PTZ-treated group showed a significant rise in seizure score, NGF and m-TOR hyperactivation, along with histological abnormalities compared to the control group. Treatment with PGZ demonstrated a significant decrease in NGF, seizure score, m-TOR, GLUT-1 and GLUT-3 in comparison to the PTZ group. In addition, improvement of histological features was observed in both PGZ treated groups. These findings suggest that PGZ provides its neuroprotective effect through modulating m-TOR signaling, glucose metabolism and NGF levels.
Tricuspid regurgitation and right ventricular contraction pattern in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: a 3D echocardiography study

The development of secondary tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is associated with poor outcomes in patients with heart failure and reduced left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (HFrEF). Data are scarce concerning the right ventricular (RV) morphological and functional remodeling in HFrEF in relation to the severity of TR. Accordingly, we aimed to characterize RV remodeling in HFrEF patients with and without significant TR using three-dimensional (3D) echocardiography. We retrospectively identified 138 patients with HFrEF. In this cohort, we graded TR severity according to current guidelines and compared patients with no to mild TR (non-significant TR, n=78) versus patients with moderate to severe TR (significant TR, n=60). All patients underwent clinically indicated 3D transthoracic echocardiography. 3D LV and RV end-diastolic volumes (EDVi) and ejection fractions (EF) were measured. To characterize RV mechanical pattern, the ReVISION method was used to quantify the contribution of the longitudinal, radial, and anteroposterior motion components to total RV EF. Patients with significant TR had higher LV EDVi and lower LV EF compared with patients with non-significant TR (LV EDVi: 117.2±34.9 vs. 102.6±39.6 ml/m2; LV EF: 27.0±6.6 vs. 30.2±7.7%, both p<0.05). Concerning the right heart, RV EDVi was significantly higher in patients with significant TR compared with those without (92.1±32.4 vs. 74.1±26.9 ml/m2; p<0.01). RV EF was lower in patients with significant TR (36±10.3 vs. 42.5±9.3%, p<0.05). Regarding RV mechanics, anteroposterior and longitudinal components were significantly decreased in patients with significant TR compared with patients with non-significant TR (anteroposterior relative contribution: 10.0±4.5 vs. 11.7±3.7%; longitudinal: 8.2±3.8 vs. 11.1±3.8%; both p<0.05). On the other hand, the radial component did not show a difference between patients with or without significant TR (17.8±6.9 vs. 19.8±6.2%; p=NS). By assessing RV mechanics using 3D echocardiography, we have shown that HFrEF patients with significant TR presented with reduced RV global function, mainly attributable to the deterioration of the longitudinal and anteroposterior motion components. Identification of the turning point where RV plasticity diminishes, and significant TR develops would be of high clinical interest for more tailored therapeutic decisions.
Conservative integration of rigid body motion by quaternion parameters with implicit constraints

An angular momentum and energy‐conserving time integration algorithm for rigid body rotation is formulated in terms of the quaternion parameters and the corresponding four‐component conjugate momentum vector via Hamilton's equations. The introduction of an extended mass matrix leads to a symmetric set of eight state‐space equations of motion. The extra inertial parameter serves as a multiplier on the kinematic constraint, and it is demonstrated that convergence characteristics are improved by selecting this parameter somewhat larger than the inertial moments. External loads enter these equations via the set of momentum equations. Initially, the normalization of the quaternion array is introduced via a Lagrange multiplier. However, this Lagrange multiplier can be expressed explicitly in terms of the gradient of the external load potential, and elimination of the Lagrange multiplier from the final format leaves only an explicit projection applied to the external load potential gradient. An algorithm is developed by forming a finite increment of the Hamiltonian. This procedure identifies the proper selection of increments and mean values, and leads to an algorithm with conservation of momentum and energy. Implementation, conservation properties, and accuracy of the algorithm are illustrated by examples with a flying box and a spinning top. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.