Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Different Forms of Butyric Acid on the Performance of Turkeys, Carcass Quality, Incidence of Footpad Dermatitis and Economic Efficiency

Simple Summary Butyric acid is a short-chain organic acid with established antimicrobial properties. It decreases the pH of intestinal digesta and reduces the abundance of pathogenic bacteria, thus indirectly improving the growth performance of birds. In the present study, turkey diets were supplemented with different forms of butyric acid. The efficiency of bird production and carcass dressing percentage were improved when butyric acid glycerides or coated sodium butyrate were added to the diet. An improvement in footpad condition and an increase in the dry matter content of faeces were noted in birds fed experimental diets. The addition of butyric acid in various forms to turkey diets improved the economic efficiency of production. The results of this study suggest that different forms of butyric acid improve production efficiency, carcass traits, and footpad condition in turkeys. Therefore, sodium butyrate, coated sodium butyrate, and butyric acid glycerides can be valuable feed additives in turkey nutrition. Abstract The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of butyric acid glycerides (BAG), sodium butyrate (SB) and coated sodium butyrate (CSB) in turkey nutrition based on the growth performance of birds, carcass yield, meat quality, the dry matter (DM) content of faeces, the incidence of footpad dermatitis (FPD), and economic efficiency. A 105-day experiment was conducted on 400 BIG 6 female turkeys (4 treatments, 5 replications, 20 birds per replication). The addition of CSB and BAG to turkey diets improved the feed conversion ratio (FCR, p ≤ 0.05) and increased the values of the European Efficiency Index (EEI, p ≤ 0.01). The analysed forms of BA in turkey diets increased the concentration of DM in faeces (p ≤ 0.01) and decreased FPD incidence (p ≤ 0.01), which may suggest that all forms of butyrate improved litter quality and inhibit the risk for diarrhoea. The results of this study indicate that all forms of butyric acid can be valuable feed additives in turkey nutrition.
Systemic Thrombolysis by Alteplase for Acute Ischemic Stroke

Evidence was summarized to determine the effect of alteplase in adult stroke patients. There is substantial uncertainty concerning the evidence due to the risk of bias in the available studies and imprecision in how the magnitude of the treatment effects were estimated. The identified research suggests that alteplase administered within 3 hours of a stroke might result in: fewer deaths after 18 months and little-to-no difference in death after 7 days, 3 months, 6 months, or 3 years increased brain bleeds after 7 days but no difference after 36 hours or after 3 months improvements in functioning and independence after 7 days and after 6 months; at 3 months, some studies showed no difference in independence and another study showed higher functioning. The identified research suggests that alteplase administered between 3 hours and 4.5 hours after a stroke might result in: little-to-no difference in deaths after 3 months; at 7 days, some evidence showed little-to-no difference in death while other evidence suggested more deaths little-to-no differences in brain bleeds after 36 hours; at 7 days, some evidence showed no effect on brain bleeds, while other evidence showed more brain bleeds no differences in functioning and independence after 6 months; at 3 months, some evidence showed no effect on functioning, while other evidence reported improved functioning.
Analyzing Students' Problem-Solving Sequences: A Human-in-the-Loop Approach

Educational technology is shifting toward facilitating personalized learning. Such personalization, however, requires a detailed understanding of students’ problem-solving processes. Sequence analysis (SA) is a promising approach to gaining granular insights into student problem solving; however, existing techniques are difficult to interpret because they offer little room for human input in the analysis process. Ultimately, in a learning context, a human stakeholder makes the decisions, so they should be able to drive the analysis process. In this paper, we present a human-in-the-loop approach to SA that uses visualization to allow a stakeholder to better understand both the data and the algorithm. We illustrate the method with a case study in the context of a learning game called Parallel. Results reveal six groups of students organized based on their problem-solving patterns and highlight individual differences within each group. We compare the results to a state-of-the-art method run with the same data and discuss the benefits of our method and the implications of this work.
Regularity of Radial Extremal Solutions for Some Non-Local Semilinear Equations

We investigate stable solutions of elliptic equations of the type where n ≥ 2, s ∈ (0, 1), λ ≥0 and f is any smooth positive superlinear function. The operator (− Δ) s stands for the fractional Laplacian, a pseudo-differential operator of order 2s. According to the value of λ, we study the existence and regularity of weak solutions u.
Quelques r\'esultats effectifs concernant les invariants de Tsfasman-Vladuts

We consider properties of infinite algebraic extensions of global fields through their Tsfasman-Vladuts invariants (related in particular to the decomposition of primes). We use recent results of A. Schmidt and a weak effective version of the Grunwald-Wang theorem to construct infinite global fields having at the same time a given finite set of positive invariants, a prescribed set of invariants being zero and a controlled deficiency.
Categorified Noncommutative manifolds

We construct a noncommutative geometry with generalised `tangent bundle' from Fell bundle $C^*$-categories ($E$) beginning by replacing pair groupoid objects (points) with objects in $E$. This provides a categorification of a certain class of real spectral triples where the Dirac operator is constructed from morphisms in a category. Applications for physics include quantisation via the tangent groupoid and new constraints on $D_{\mathrm{finite}}$ (the fermion mass matrix).
Enhanced Impacts of Indian Ocean Sea Surface Temperature on the Dry/Wet Variations Over Northwest China

Most western Northwest China (WNWC) has experienced notable wetting in recent decades. Despite the widespread attention of scientific community, the causes of such climate shift are still not well‐understood. In this study, we find that the dominant mode of Indian Ocean sea surface temperature variability — Indian Ocean Basin mode (IOBM) plays a crucial role in the precipitation over WNWC. Nonetheless, such a close lagged relationship is unstable, and varies with Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). When the PDO is in its warm phase, there is no robust lagged relationship between April‐June WNWC precipitation variations and January‐March IOBM. When the PDO is in its cold phase, the warm phase of the IOBM inspires a wavetrain across the Eurasian continent in the next April‐June, with an uncommon low pressure around Lake Baikal, thereby enhancing the westerlies and thus more moisture into the WNWC region. This enables the IOBM‐based statistical rainfall prediction scheme to estimate the precipitation in the WNWC region with some confidence. This remarkable contrast in the influence of IOBM between the two phases of the PDO highlights exciting new avenues for improving climate predictions over the WNWC.
Isospectral commuting variety and the Harish-Chandra D-module

Let g be a complex reductive Lie algebra with Cartan algebra h. Hotta and Kashiwara defined a holonomic D-module M, on g x h, called Harish-Chandra module. We give an explicit description of gr(M), the associated graded module with respect to a canonical Hodge filtration on M. The description involves the isospectral commuting variety, a subvariety X of g x g x h x h which is a finite extension of the variety of pairs of commuting elements of g. Our main result establishes an isomorphism of gr(M) with the structure sheaf of the normalization of X. It follows, thanks to the theory of polarized Hodge modules, that the normalization of the isospectral commuting variety is Cohen-Macaulay and Gorenstein, confirming a conjecture of M. Haiman. In the special case where g=gl_n, there is an open subset of the isospectral commuting variety that is closely related to the Hilbert scheme of n points in the plane. The sheaf gr(M) gives rise to a locally free sheaf on the Hilbert scheme. We show that the corresponding vector bundle is isomorphic to the Procesi bundle that plays an important role in the work of M. Haiman.
Inhibitory Effectiveness in Delayed-Rectifier Potassium Current Caused by Vortioxetine, Known to Be a Novel Antidepressant

Vortioxetine (VOR) is recognized to exert antidepressant actions. However, whether this drug modifies ionic currents in excitable cells remains unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the electrophysiological effects of VOR and other related compounds in pituitary GH3 cells and in Neuro-2a cells. VOR suppressed the delayed-rectifier K+ current (IK(DR)) in a concentration-, time-, and state-dependent manner. Effective IC50 values needed to inhibit peak and sustained IK(DR) were computed to be 31.2 and 8.5 μM, respectively, while the KD value estimated from minimal binding scheme was 7.9 μM. Cell exposure to serotonin (10 μM) alone failed to alter IK(DR), while fluoxetine (10 μM), a compound structurally similar to VOR, mildly suppressed current amplitude. In continued presence of VOR, neither further addition of propranolol nor risperidone reversed VOR-mediated inhibition of IK(DR). Increasing VOR concentration not only depressed IK(DR) conductance but also shifted toward the hyperpolarized potential. As the VOR concentration was raised, the recovery of IK(DR) block became slowed. The IK(DR) activated by a downsloping ramp was suppressed by its presence. The inhibition of IK(DR) by a train pulse was enhanced during exposure to VOR. In Neuro-2a cells, this drug decreased IK(DR). Overall, inhibitory effects of VOR on ionic currents might constitute another underlying mechanism of its actions.
Physics, Topology, Logic and Computation:

In physics, Feynman diagrams are used to reason about quantum processes. In the 1980s, it became clear that underlying these diagrams is a powerful analogy between quantum physics and topology. Namely, a linear operator behaves very much like a ‘cobordism’: a manifol d representing spacetime, going between two manifolds representing space. This led to a burst of work on topological quantum field theory and ‘quantum topology’. But this was just the beginning: similar diag rams can be used to reason about logic, where they represent proofs, and computation, where they represent programs. With the rise of interest in quantum cryptography and quantum computation, it became clear that there is extensive network of analogies between physics, topology, logic and computation. In this expository paper, we make some of these analogies precise using the concept of ‘closed symmetric monoidal category’. We assume no prior knowledge of category theory, proof theory or computer science.
A Novel Heterozygous Mutation of the CYP17A1 Gene in a Child with a Micropenis and Isolated 17,20-Lyase Deficiency

Disorders of sexual development (DSDs) are characterized by a heterogeneous group of congenital conditions associated with atypical development of the sex chromosomes, gonadal or anatomical sex. We report the case of a child with an isolated micropenis, a typical feature of the 46,XY DSD showing low basal testosterone levels and post-stimulation with the hCG test. Molecular analysis using a next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel of 50 genes involved in DSDs was performed, revealing a heterozygous mutation, c.1040G > ANM_000102. 4, in the CYP17A1 gene. Sanger sequencing was used to confirm the gene variant detected by NGS; it was also performed to his parents, revealing the presence of the same mutation in the mother, who presented no features of the disease. Then, the serum steroid profile was determined by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry analysis. Interestingly, this analysis highlighted low levels of testosterone, progesterone, and dehydroepiandrostenedione, as also confirmed by a stimulus test with ACTH. These results suggest that, in some cases, heterozygous mutations in recessive genes involved in adrenal steroidogenesis can also affect the patient’s phenotype.
‘Devastating, like it broke me’: Responding to image-based sexual abuse in Aotearoa New Zealand

The non-consensual taking or sharing of intimate images, also known as ‘image-based sexual abuse’, has become a widespread problem. While there has been growing attention to this phenomenon, little empirical research has investigated victim-survivor experiences. Drawing on interviews with 25 victim-survivors, this article focusses on the different responses to image-based sexual abuse in Aotearoa New Zealand. We found that victim-survivors had diverse and often multiple experiences of image-based sexual abuse, perpetrated for a variety of reasons, which extended beyond the paradigm of malicious ex-partners seeking revenge. Some participants described the harms experienced as ‘devastating’: a form of ‘social rupture’. Few had formally reported to police or pursued other justice options. While participants held different justice ideals, all sought recognition of the harms perpetrated against them. Yet they faced multiple obstacles when navigating justice, redress and support options. The authors conclude that far-reaching change is needed to improve legislative, policy and prevention responses to image-based sexual abuse.
Computation of Maxwell's equations on Manifold using DEC

In this paper, the method of discrete exterior calculus for numerically solving Maxwell's equations in space manifold and the time is discussed, which is a kind of lattice gauge theory. The analysis of its stable condition and error is also accomplished. This algorithm has been implemented on C++ plateform for simulating TE/M waves in vacuum.
On norm resolvent convergence of Schrödinger operators with δ′-like potentials

For a function that is integrable and compactly supported, we prove the norm resolvent convergence, as ε → 0, of a family Sε of one-dimensional Schrödinger operators on the line of the form If the potential V satisfies the conditions then the functions ε−2V(x/ε) converge in the sense of distributions as ε → 0 to δ′(x), and the limit S0 of Sε might be considered as a ‘physically motivated’ interpretation of the one-dimensional Schrödinger operator with a potential δ′. In 1985, Šeba claimed that the limit operator S0 is the direct sum of the free Schrödinger operators on positive and negative semi-axes subject to the Dirichlet condition at x = 0, which suggested that in dimension 1 there is no non-trivial Hamiltonian with the potential δ′. In this paper, we show that in fact S0 essentially depends on V: although the above results are true generically, in the exceptional (or ‘resonant’) case, the limit S0 is non-trivial and is determined by the properties of an auxiliary Sturm–Liouville spectral problem associated with V. We then set V(ξ) = αΨ(ξ) with a fixed Ψ and show that there exists a countable set of resonances {αk}∞k = −∞ for which a partial transmission of the wave package occurs for S0.
FINITE THURSTON-TYPE ORDERINGS ON DUAL BRAID MONOIDS

For a finite Thurston-type ordering < of the braid group Bn, we introduce a new normal form of a dual positive braid which we call the -normal form, which is useful to compute the ordering. This normal form extends Fromentin's rotating normal form and the author's -normal form of positive braids. Using the -normal form, we give a combinatorial description of the restriction of the ordering < to the dual braid monoids . We prove that the restriction to the dual positive monoid is a well-ordered set of the order type ωωn-2.
Aneurisma coronario gigante roto en aurícula derecha

Los aneurismas coronarios son entidades poco frecuentes. Se presenta el caso de una mujer joven con rotura de un aneurisma de la arteria coronaria derecha con dilatación de cavidades por hiperafl ujo. La ecocardiografía transesofágica describe adecuadamente la anatomía y fi siología circulatoria. La tomografía multicorte permitió un análisis anatómico certero tanto de la anatomía del aneurisma como de la arteria coronaria derecha distal. Se efectuó la resección del aneurisma y la revascularización distal.
An Enhanced Interface Selectivity Technique to Improve the QoS for the Multi-homed Node

 The paper introduces a reliable system, providing a sufficient solution for the associated nodes during hand-offs.  It investigates different QoS mechanisms, deploying each mechanism into various interfaces, and overall network performance when nodes switch between available interfaces.  It compares overall performance and feasibility of QoS mechanisms with the single-homed and multi-homed networks/nodes (site/host multi-homing) fluctuating resource availability. The user’s hand-off is still an arguable issue that many mobile communication systems face, especially with the exploded growth of users and internet-based applications. Hence, there is a critical need for adequate quality of service (QoS) to meet the stringent requirements. This paper aims to study the overall performance and feasibility of several QoS mechanisms with the single-homed and multi-homed networks/nodes fluctuating resource availability. It investigates the adaptability of multi-interfaced multi-homed techniques to enhance the essential governing parameters, i.e., throughput, end-to-end latency, processing time, and jitter. Moreover, the paper introduces an interface selectivity technique for the multi-homed node to adopt the optimal interface, which offers the best services to explore the enhancements of the overall network performance. The overall results show how the introduced mechanism managed to keep the communication going on the multi-homed node. Furthermore, the results show that site multi-homing provides a better overall end-to-end latency over host multi-homing as it supports the entire network. A R T I C L E I N F O Handling editor: Ivan A. Hashim
Mapping and characterizing social-ecological land systems of South America

Humans place strong pressure on land and have modified around 75% of Earth’s terrestrial surface. In this context, ecoregions and biomes, merely defined on the basis of their biophysical features, are incomplete characterizations of the territory. Land system science requires classification schemes that incorporate both social and biophysical dimensions. In this study, we generated spatially explicit social-ecological land system (SELS) typologies for South America with a hybrid methodology that combined datadriven spatial analysis with a knowledge-based evaluation by an interdisciplinary group of regional specialists. Our approach embraced a holistic consideration of the social-ecological land systems, gathering a dataset of 26 variables spanning across 7 dimensions: physical, biological, land cover, economic, demographic, political, and cultural. We identified 13 SELS nested in 5 larger social-ecological regions (SER). Each SELS was discussed and described by specific groups of specialists. Although 4 environmental and 1 socioeconomic variable explained most of the distribution of the coarse SER classification, a diversity of 15 other variables were shown to be essential for defining several SELS, highlighting specific features that differentiate them. The SELS spatial classification presented is a systematic and operative characterization of South American social-ecological land systems. We propose its use can contribute as a reference framework for a wide range of applications such as analyzing observations within larger contexts, designing system-specific solutions for sustainable development, and structuring hypothesis testing and comparisons across space. Similar efforts could be done elsewhere in the world.
Random 3-noncrossing partitions

In this paper, we introduce polynomial time algorithms that generate random 3noncrossing partitions and 2-regular, 3-noncrossing partitions with uniform probability. A 3noncrossing partition does not contain any three mutually crossing arcs in its canonical representation and is 2-regular if the latter does not contain arcs of the form (i, i + 1). Using a bijection of Chen et al. [2, 4], we interpret 3-noncrossing partitions and 2-regular, 3-noncrossing partitions as restricted generalized vacillating tableaux. Furthermore, we interpret the tableaux as sampling paths of Markov-processes over shapes and derive their transition probabilities.
How Leaf Vein and Stomata Traits Are Related with Photosynthetic Efficiency in Falanghina Grapevine in Different Pedoclimatic Conditions

The increase in severe drought events due to climate change in the areas traditionally suitable for viticulture is enhancing the need to understand how grapevines regulate their photosynthetic metabolism in order to forecast specific cultivar adaptive responses to the changing environment. This study aims at evaluating the association between leaf anatomical traits and eco-physiological adjustments of the ‘Falanghina’ grapevine under different microclimatic conditions at four sites in southern Italy. Sites were characterized by different pedoclimatic conditions but, as much as possible, were similar for plant material and cultivation management. Microscopy analyses on leaves were performed to quantify stomata and vein traits, while eco-physiological analyses were conducted on vines to assess plant physiological adaptation capability. At the two sites with relatively low moisture, photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, photosystem electron transfer rate, and quantum yield of PSII, linear electron transport was lower compared to the other two sites. Stomata size was higher at the site characterized by the highest precipitation. However, stomatal density and most vein traits tended to be relatively stable among sites. The number of free vein endings per unit leaf area was lower in the two vineyards with low precipitation. We suggest that site-specific stomata and vein traits modulation in Falanghina grapevine are an acclimation strategy that may influence photosynthetic performance. Overall in-depth knowledge of the structure/function relations in Falanghina vines might be useful to evaluate the plasticity of this cultivar towards site-specific management of vineyards in the direction of precision viticulture.