Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Kinematics of an Ultraelastic Rough Ball

A rough ball which conserves kinetic energy exhibits unexpected behavior after a single bounce and bizarre behavior after three bounces against parallel surfaces. The Wham-O Super-Ball® (registered by Wham-O Corporation, 835 E. El Monte St., San Gabriel, Calif.91776), appears to approximate this behavior and provides an inexpensive and readily available model of kinematics quite different from that of a point mass or smooth ball. The analysis is most strikingly illustrated by the fact that the ball returns to the hand after three collisions with the floor, the underside of a table, and the floor. Some questions are raised concerning the dynamics of the collision.
The Potential Application of Clitoria ternatea for Cancer Treatment

The Clitoria ternatea flower, known as bunga telang in Indonesia, is commonly mixed with food and beverages to provide a natural blue colour. Aside from its popular culinary use, it is a traditional medicine in Indonesia for diseases in the eyes, urinary tract and skin, as well as functioning as an anti-toxin. Furthermore, recent advances in science and technology have revealed that the C. ternatea flower contains a high level of polyphenol compounds that possess anticancer activity, including saponins, tannins, steroids, triterpenoids, kaempferol, and quercetin. This review aims to identify and analyse recent articles regarding the phytochemical activities of C. ternatea flower extract as an anticancer agent. The literature on main databases from 2011 to 2021 was searched systematically using the keywords “Anticancer activity of Clitorea ternatea ” and “Phytochemical activities of Clitorea ternatea flower extract against cancer cells”. The various extracts of C. ternatea flower display a moderate cytotoxic, IC 50 = 21 µg/mL — 200 µg/mL, for many cancer cell lines, such as MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, CaoV-3, HEp-G2 in aquadest extract and the DLA cell line in petroleum ether extract. The bioactive compounds responsible for the anticancer effect include ternatins, delphinidin, kaempferol, quercetin, sitosterol, and tocopherols. In addition, there have been no reports of any toxic effect on normal cells (Hs27) and oral consumption in mice. According to many studies, the extract is active on multi-molecular targets, with the most conclusive effect on polymerase enzymes, whose inhibition can be an important therapeutic strategy to treat hyperproliferation in cell cancer. Therefore, the findings suggest a potential application of C. ternatea for cancer treatment.
Asymmetric least squares regression estimation: A nonparametric approach ∗

This paper considers the nonparametric estimation of regression expectiles and percentiles by using an asymmetric least squares (ALS) approach, in which the squared error loss function is given different weights depending on whether thc residual is positive or negative. The kernel method based on locally linear fit is adopted, which also provides an estimator of the derivative of the regression function. Under the assumption that the observations are strictly stationary and ρ-mixing the asymptotic normality for the estimators of conditional expectiles is established by using the convexity lemma. For a large class of regression models, the ALS approach can be adapted to estimate the conditional percentiles directly. Further, we show that these ALS estimators for conditional percentiles are consistent.
Epidemiology and Mortality Analysis Related to Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales in Patients After Admission to Intensive Care Units: An Observational Study

Purpose The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) is rapidly increasing worldwide. Patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) are susceptible to CRE infections, and the related mortality rate is increased. It is necessary to understand CRE strains and risk factors for CRE infection in the ICU, to facilitate development of effective prophylactic strategies and treatments for ICU patients. Patients and Methods This observational study was conducted in a tertiary hospital between 2016 and 2021. The subjects were patients with CRE cultured from specimens obtained after ICU admission. Genotypes of strains of CRE and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) were identified, CRE infection was distinguished from mere colonization, and the clinical course of these patients was investigated. Results Among 327 CRE cases, 84 (25.7%) showed infection and 243 (74.3%) showed colonization. Of these patients, 138 (42.2%) died. The CRE strains were Klebsiella pneumoniae (253 cases, 77.4%), Enterobacter cloacae (44 cases, 13.5%), and Escherichia coli (15 cases, 4.6%). Among CRE cases, CPE was found in 249 (76.1%), including Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC) in 164 (65.9%), and Guiana extended-spectrum (GES) in 64 (25.7%). A bedridden state, longer ICU stay, chronic kidney disease, malignancy, connective tissue disease, ICU admission for cardiac arrest, and CRE infection were associated with higher mortality, but cerebrovascular disease and ICU admission for trauma were associated with lower mortality. GES outbreak was caused by person-to-person transmission and was controlled through active surveillance. Conclusion The frequency of K. pneumoniae and KPC was the highest, but E. cloacae and GES was characteristically high in this study. Active CRE surveillance can be helpful for controlling outbreak.
Vacuum stability of the effective Higgs potential in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model

The parameters of the Higgs potential of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) receive large radiative corrections which lift the mass of the lightest Higgs boson to the measured value of 126 GeV. Depending on the MSSM parameters, these radiative corrections may also lead to the situation that the local minimum corresponding to the electroweak vacuum state is not the global minimum of the Higgs potential. We analyze the stability of the vacuum for the case of heavy squark masses as favored by current LHC data. To this end we first consider an effective Lagrangian obtained by integrating out the heavy squarks and then study the MSSM one-loop effective potential V_eff, which comprises all higher-dimensional Higgs couplings of the effective Lagrangian. We find that only the second method gives correct results and argue that the criterion of vacuum stability should be included in phenomenological analyses of the allowed MSSM parameter space. Discussing the cases of squark masses of 1 and 2 TeV we show that the criterion of vacuum stability excludes a portion of the MSSM parameter space in which (mu tanbeta) and A_t are large.
Effects of Question Wording and Context: An Experiment with Religious Indicators

Abstract When a question on change in interest in religion follows questions on religious beliefs and attitudes, more respondents report either an increase or a decrease in interest (instead of ‘same’) than when the antecedent questions concern religious identification and participation. The association between change in interest and change in attending religious services appears stronger when the two questions have similar response categories than when somewhat different categories are used. These conclusions emerge from multiway contingency analysis of data from a survey including a factorial experiment in which context and wording of questions are varied. The models of association for a 3 × 3 table used in the analysis extend earlier work on multiplicative models for contingency tables.
Calculation of critical layer thickness versus lattice mismatch for GexSi1−x/Si strained‐layer heterostructures

A calculation of the critical layer thickness hc for growth of GexSi1−x strained layers on Si substrates is presented for 0≤x≤1.0. The present results are obtained assuming misfit dislocation generation is determined solely by energy balance. This approach differs therefore from previous theories (e.g., Matthews et al.), in which the absence of mechanical equilibrium for grown‐in threading dislocations determines the onset of the generation of interfacial misfit dislocations. It is assumed that interfacial misfit dislocations will be generated when the areal strain energy density of the film exceeds the energy density associated with the formation of a screw dislocation at a distance from the free surface equal to the film thickness h. For films thicker than this critical value, screw (and edge) dislocations will be generated at the film/substrate interface. Values obtained for the critical thickness versus lattice mismatch are in excellent agreement with measurements of hc for GexSi1−x strained layers on.
PATH-FOLLOWING ALGORITHMS AND EXPERIMENTS FOR AN AUTONOMOUS SURFACE VEHICLE

Abstract This paper addresses the problem of path-following in two-dimensional space, for underactuated surface autonomous robots, defining a set of guidance laws either at kinematic and dynamic level. The proposed nonlinear Lyapunov- based control law yields convergence of the path following error coordinates to zero. Furthermore, the introduction of a dynamic for the target to be followed on the path, removes singularity behaviors present in other guidance algorithms proposed in the literature. Dynamic of the vehicle is then taken into account, applying the Backstepping technique. Some heuristic approaches are then proposed to face the problem of speed of advance adaptation based on path curvature measure and steering action prediction. Finally a set of experimental results of all the proposed guidance laws are presented.
Secure, ID Privacy and Inference Threat Prevention Mechanisms for Distributed Systems

This paper investigates facilitating remote collection of a patient’s data in distributed system while protecting the security of the data, preserving the privacy of the patient’s ID, and preventing inference attack. The paper presents a novel framework called SPID stand for a Secure, ID Privacy, and Inference Threat Prevention Mechanisms for Distributed Systems. In designing this framework, we make the following novel contributions. The SPID presents a novel architecture that supports the use of a distributed set of servers owned by different service providers. The SPID allows the patient to access these servers using certificates generated by the patient. The SPID allows the patient to select one server to be the home server, and select a number of servers to be the foreign servers. The patient uses the foreign servers to upload data. The home server is responsible for collecting the patient’s data from the foreign servers and sending them to the healthcare provider. The SPID proposes a method for efficient verification of each request from the patient without searching in the server’s database for the verification key. This is done by using some of the Elliptic Curves Cryptography (ECC) properties. The SPID has been analyzed using a bench-marking tool and evaluated using queuing theory. The evaluation results indicate an efficient performance when the number of servers increases. We uses Shannon entropy method to measure the likelihood of the inference attack.
Antiferroelectrics and Magnetoresistance in La0.5Sr0.5Fe12O19 Multiferroic System

The appearance of antiferroelectrics (AFE) in the ferrimagnetism (FM) system would give birth to a new type of multiferroic candidate, which is significant to the development of novel devices for energy storage. Here we demonstrate the realization of full antiferroelectrics in a magnetic La0.5Sr0.5Fe12O19 system (AFE+FM), which also presents a strong magnetodielectric response (MD) and magnetoresistance (MR) effect. The antiferroelectric phase was achieved at room temperature by replacing 0.5 Sr2+ ions with 0.5 La2+ ions in the SrFe12O19 compound, whose phase transition temperature of ferroelectrics (FE) to antiferroelectrics was brought down from 174 °C to −141 °C, while the temperature of antiferroelectrics converting to paraelectrics (PE) shifts from 490 °C to 234 °C after the substitution. The fully separated double P-E hysteresis loops reveal the antiferroelectrics in La0.5Sr0.5Fe12O19 ceramics. The magnitude of exerting magnetic field enables us to control the generation of spin current, which induces MD and MR effects. A 1.1T magnetic field induces a large spin current of 15.6 n A in La0.5Sr0.5Fe12O19 ceramics, lifts up dielectric constants by 540%, and lowers the resistance by −89%. The magnetic performance remains as usual. The multiple functions in one single phase allow us to develop novel intelligent devices.
Anomalies detection approach using projection pursuit in hyperspectral image based on parallel genetic algorithm

This anomalies detection approach seeks the directions that maximize the projection index, so as to gain the anomalies structure information. Using genetic algorithm in this approach can search accurate optimal projection directions, but it's a computation-intensive task. So, a parallel algorithm under distributed memory system was presented. The projection directions were searched efficiently by parallel genetic algorithm model, and the projection directions' precision was guaranteed by using a strengthened terminal qualification. Then, the detected anomaly components were wiped off by projecting the data onto the subspace orthogonal to the previous projection directions, and the other anomalies were searched in the residual space. The final task of projection and objects segmentation was also completed in parallel. Using an OMIS hyperspectral data to test the parallel algorithm's performance under an eight-node cluster, the process time reduced from 15 minutes to 2.8 minutes. The results show the validity and comparative good parallel efficiency.
Improved Seismic Residual Diffracted Multiple Suppression Method Based on Object Detection and Image Segmentation

Seismic multiple is one of the most common noises in marine seismic data, which heavily affects subsequent processing and interpretation. To eliminate the influence of seismic multiples, many methods have been developed, while surface-related multiple elimination (SRME) is one of the most widely deployed methods. However, results of SRME always contain a few strong residual diffracted multiples (RDMs) in practice because of the unprecise prediction of diffracted multiples compared to reflection multiples. If we try to apply further multiple suppression methods to SRME results, it not only tends to damage the signals, but also spends lots of unnecessary computations where there is no RDM. In this article, we propose an improved RDM suppression method based on object detection and image segmentation. First, we employ an object detection network to locate bounding boxes containing RDMs in the SRME results. Then a threshold-based image segmentation method is utilized to identify regions of strong RDMs in the detected boxes. According to the segmentation results, parameters for weak multiples and strong multiples are provided for the adaptive multiple subtraction (AMS) in different regions to generate different results. At last, we combine the suppression results of strong RDMs and weak RDMs as the final results. Application on field data demonstrates that our method is able to suppress RDMs with little loss of signal.
Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) of Corallopyronin A against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a World Health Organization’s high priority pathogen organism, with an estimated > 100,000 deaths worldwide in 2019. Thus, there is an unmet medical need for novel and resistance-breaking anti-infectives. The natural product Co-rallopyronin A (CorA), currently in preclinical development for filariasis, is efficacious against MRSA in vitro. In this study, we evaluated the pharmacokinetics of CorA after dosing in mice. Furthermore, we determined compound concentrations in target compartments, such as lung, kidney and thigh tissue, using LC-MS/MS. Based on the pharmacokinetic results, we evaluated the pharmacodynamic profile of CorA using the standard neutropenic thigh and lung infection models. We demonstrate that CorA is effective in both standard pharmacodynamic models. In addition to reaching effective levels in the lung and muscle, CorA was detected at high levels in the thigh bone. The data presented herein encourage the further exploration of the additional CorA indications treatment of MRSA- and methicillin-sensitive S. aureus- (MSSA) related infections.
Confocal rescan structured illumination microscopy for real-time deep tissue imaging with superresolution

Abstract. Structured illumination microscopy (SIM) is an established optical superresolution imaging technique. However, conventional SIM based on wide-field image acquisition is generally limited to visualizing thin cellular samples. We propose combining one-dimensional image rescan and structured illumination in the orthogonal direction to achieve superresolution without the need to rotate the illumination pattern. The image acquisition speed is consequently improved threefold, which is also beneficial for minimizing photobleaching and phototoxicity. Optical sectioning in thick biological tissue is enhanced by including a confocal slit in the system to significantly suppress the out-of-focus background and the associated noise. With all the technical improvements, our method captures three-dimensional superresolved image stacks of neuronal structures in mouse brain tissue samples for a depth range of more than 200 μm.
Non-orthogonal Pilot Design for Compressive Sensing-Based Channel Estimation in Massive MIMO Systems

In recent years, the channel estimation based on compressive sensing (CS), which can reduce pilot overhead in frequency division duplex (FDD) massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems, has inspired the enthusiasm of researchers. This research includes an essential component which is exploring non-orthogonal pilot design. In this paper, we propose a joint pilot positions and power design scheme. In this scheme, the greedy iterative algorithm is introduced to search for the suboptimal pilot subcarriers and the genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed to optimize the pilot power of candidate positions. Lastly, the block orthogonal matching pursuit (BOMP) is introduced to estimate delay-domain sparse channels. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed pilot design scheme outperforms the uniformly-spaced pilot scheme and the randomly-spaced pilot scheme in terms of normalized mean square error (NMSE).
Lab-on-a-chip modules for detection of highly pathogenic bacteria: from sample preparation to detection

Lab-on-a-chip systems are innovative tools for the detection and identification of microbial pathogens in human and veterinary medicine. The major advantages are small sample volume and a compact design. Several fluidic modules have been developed to transform analytical procedures into miniaturized scale including sampling, sample preparation, target enrichment, and detection procedures. We present evaluation data for single modules that will be integrated in a chip system for the detection of pathogens. A microfluidic chip for purification of nucleic acids was established for cell lysis using magnetic beads. This assay was evaluated with spiked environmental aerosol and swab samples. Bacillus thuringiensis was used as simulant for Bacillus anthracis, which is closely related but non-pathogenic for humans. Stationary PCR and a flow-through PCR chip module were investigated for specific detection of six highly pathogenic bacteria. The conventional PCR assays could be transferred into miniaturized scale using the same temperature/time profile. We could demonstrate that the microfluidic chip modules are suitable for the respective purposes and are promising tools for the detection of bacterial pathogens. Future developments will focus on the integration of these separate modules to an entire lab-on-a-chip system.
Anomalous thermal conductivity enhancement in nanotube suspensions

We have produced nanotube-in-oil suspensions and measured their effective thermal conductivity. The measured thermal conductivity is anomalously greater than theoretical predictions and is nonlinear with nanotube loadings. The anomalous phenomena show the fundamental limits of conventional heat conduction models for solid/liquid suspensions. We have suggested physical concepts for understanding the anomalous thermal behavior of nanotube suspensions. In comparison with other nanostructured materials dispersed in fluids, the nanotubes provide the highest thermal conductivity enhancement, opening the door to a wide range of nanotube applications.
The Roles of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (GLP-1) Receptor Agonists and Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) Inhibitors in Decreasing the Occurrence of Adverse Cardiorenal Events in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by increased serum glucose due to errors in insulin production or response. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus has continued to rise globally over the years, with roughly 7079 persons per 100,000 expected to be impacted by 2030. A vast number of patients with diabetes mellitus experience unfavorable side effects such as weight gain, hypoglycemia, and hepatorenal toxicity from the several diabetic medications available. These adverse effects may result in life-threatening consequences with a high likelihood of occurrence; therefore, ongoing efforts continue to develop medications with improved tolerability and better glycemic control. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) are examples of new innovative targeted therapies to manage diabetes mellitus and potentially improve cardiorenal conditions. This review article details the specific mechanisms of action, potential side effects, and cardiorenal benefits of GLP-1RA and SGLT-2i therapies to fully understand their roles in combating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D).
Experiments on the transition to three‐dimensional flow structures in two‐sided lid‐driven cavities

Flow instabilities in two‐sided lid‐driven cavities are studied experimentally. The transition of the nearly two‐dimensional flow to steady or time‐dependent three‐dimensional flow structures is investigated for one‐sided, for parallel, and for antiparallel motion of the driving walls and for two aspect ratios, Γ = 0.76 and Γ = 1. Stability diagrams are obtained by flow visualization. Six different three‐dimensional flow patterns have been characterized, each corresponding to a particular critical mode of a linear‐stability analysis. The structures of the near‐critical flows and the critical curves are in good agreement with the corresponding numerical predictions. In a few cases, however, the critical Reynolds numbers deviate form the numerical results. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
An Improved Approach to Calculating Terminal Velocities of Plate-like Crystals and Graupel

Abstract Measurements of 461 planar crows and 312 graupel reported by Kajikawa have been used to develop equations for calculating the terminal velocity and mass of lump and conical graupel and of planar crystals of a variety of shapes and degrees of riming, the resultant equations being applicable to numerical modeling studies. Because all of the parameters required for the derivation of particle drag coefficients were known, the equations are more accurate than those previously used. The implications of the changed values for terminal velocity for these particle types are discussed with respect to the growth of particles through accretion.