Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Particle migration in planar die-swell flows

We present a numerical study on particle migration in a planar extrudate flow of suspensions of non-Brownian hard spheres. The suspension is described as a Newtonian liquid with a concentration-dependent viscosity, and shear-induced particle migration is modelled according to the diffusive flux model. The fully coupled set of nonlinear differential equations governing the flow is solved with a stabilized finite element method together with the elliptic mesh generation method to compute the position of the free surface. We show that shear-induced particle migration inside the channel leads to a highly non-uniform particle concentration distribution under the free surface. It is found that particle migration dramatically changes the shape of the free surface when the suspension is compared to a Newtonian liquid with the same bulk properties. Remarkably, we observed extrudate expansion in the Newtonian and dilute suspension flows; in turn, at high concentrations, a die contraction appears. The model does not account for normal stress differences, and this result is a direct consequence of variations in the flow stress field caused by shear-induced particle migration.
Laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery for non-ampullary duodenal epithelial neoplasms

Aim: We herein describe our initial experience of laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery (LECS) for nonampullary duodenal epithelial neoplasms (NADENs) and reveal its clinical significance. Methods: This study included 5 consecutive patients treated by LECS for NADENs between April 2015 and January 2016 in our hospital. For surgery, R0-resection of NADENs was accomplished by endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), and the mucosal defect resulting from ESD was subsequently repaired by laparoscopic seromuscular suture and endoscopic clipping. Clinical records were reviewed retrospectively. Results: LECS was accomplished in four patients. There was a case of open conversion due to the relatively large mucosal defect resulting from ESD. In the postoperative course, no serious complications, including intraand postoperative bleeding and delayed perforation, were noted. The duodenal stenosis occurred in the case of open conversion but was treated by repeated endoscopic balloon dilatation. Of the five lesions of NADENs, there were three adenomas and two adenocarcinomas confined in the mucosa. To date, no tumor recurrence was observed during the postoperative course. Conclusion: LECS is a promising procedure of choice in the treatment of NADENs, facilitating early resumption of both food intake and full daily activity in the postoperative course.
On Approximate Welfare-and Revenue-Maximizing Equilibria for Size-Interchangeable Bidders ( Extended Abstract )

This paper introduces a novel relaxation of Walrasian equilibrium (WE) which we call Restricted Envy-Free Pricing (REFP), an algorithm to compute this outcome for the case of size-interchangeable bidders (a generalization of singleminded bidders introduced in this paper), and a heuristic for searching among these outcomes for one that maximizes revenue. We provide theoretical bounds for our algorithms where possible, and run extensive experiments to evaluate their performance on both a synthetic distribution, and one obtained from real-world web-usage data. Compared to other benchmarks in the literature, our algorithms perform well on the metrics of revenue and efficiency, without incurring too many violations of the true WE conditions.
Simultaneous Small Coverings by Smooth Functions Under the Covering Property Axiom

The covering property axiom CPA is consistent with ZFC: it is sat-isﬁed in the iterated perfect set model. We show that CPA implies that for every ν ∈ ω ∪ {∞} there exists a family F ν ⊂ C ν ( R ) of cardinality ω 1 < c such that for every g ∈ D ν ( R ) the set g \ (cid:83) F ν has cardinality ≤ ω 1 . Moreover, we show that this result remains true for partial functions g (i.e., g ∈ D ν ( X ) for some X ⊂ R ) if, and only if, ν ∈ { 0 , 1 } . The proof of this result is based on the following theorem of independent interest (which, for ν (cid:54) = 0, seems to have been previously unnoticed): for every X ⊂ R with no isolated points, every ν -times diﬀerentiable function g : X → R admits a ν -times diﬀerentiable extension ¯ g : B → R , where B ⊃ X is a Borel subset of R . The presented arguments rely heavily on a Whitney’s Extension Theorem for the functions deﬁned on perfect subsets of R , which short but fully detailed proof is included. Some open questions are also posed.
Computing With Cells And Atoms An Introduction To Quantum Dna And Membrane Computing

Thank you very much for reading computing with cells and atoms an introduction to quantum dna and membrane computing. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have look numerous times for their chosen novels like this computing with cells and atoms an introduction to quantum dna and membrane computing, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some infectious bugs inside their desktop computer.
Turbulent Transport in Tokamak Plasmas: bridging theory and experiment

In fusion devices such as tokamaks, the achievement of good energy confinement is a key issue. The energy, particle and angular momentum transport is dominated by turbulent mechanims. To understand, model and predict temperature, density and rotation is existing and future tokamaks, a numerical tool, bridging theory and experiments, is introduced. Nonlinear gyrokinetic codes allow for detailed understanding of turbulent transport. However, their computational demand precludes their use for predictive profile modelling. An alternative approach is required to bridge the gap between theoretical understanding and prediction of experiments. A quasi-linear gyrokinetic model, QuaLiKiz, allows for a 1 million speedup while retaining key physics. Indeed, in the tokamak plasma core, relatively low levels of turbulence are reported, typically below 10%. It is further shown that the nonlinear phase shift is close to the linear phase shift and that the frequency broadening observed in nonlinear simulations typically follows the linear growth rate. Therefore quasilinear gyrokinetic turbulent transport can be used to efficiently model fluxes in integrated modelling platforms. The saturated potential is constructed based on nonlinear simulation results and turbulence measurements. The predicted particle, heat and angular momentum fluxes have been compared successfully to nonlinear fluxes in a wide range of parameters using the quasilinear gyrokinetic code QuaLiKiz. In terms of CPU time, a factor one million is gained compared with nonlinear modelling. This allows for extensive interpretative and predictive applications. The simplified model also stimulates the development of theoretical understanding, since its construction relies on a deep understanding of the nonlinear physical mechanisms. Such work is hence at the cross-roads between experimental observations and detailed theoretical investigations. The quasilinear fluxes are compared to experimental observations at a given time. In particular, experimental observations of trace Nickel transport in the Tore Supra tokamak are successfully compared to the quasilinear predictions. Finally the model transport quantities (heat, particles and angular momentum) are used in a time evolving platform to predict temperature, density and rotation profiles. Predicted temperature and density profiles are successfully compared to experiments carried out on the JET tokamak. The successes and limits of the quasilinear approach are reviewed. Perspectives are given in the discussion section.
THE GRAPHOGAME METHOD: THE THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL BACKGROUND OF THE TECHNOLOGY-ENHANCED LEARNING ENVIRONMENT FOR LEARNING TO READ

This paper provides an overview of the GraphoGame method. Both theoretical and methodological aspects related to the method are presented. The method's guiding principles are based on the prevailing theories and experimental research findings on learning and teaching basic reading skills in alphabetic languages, especially from the point of view of a struggling reader. Because the nature of the target language and its relation to its writing system play central roles in the GraphoGame method, this approach requires the method to be flexible in order to be valid for learners of different languages and orthographies. Thus, the aim of the developed technology is to provide an appropriate reading support tool for all learners—from struggling learners to typical learners—in any language environment. We present an overview of results gained from GraphoGame intervention studies as well as challenges for the usability of the method.
Morphological and biochemical features of Borrelia burgdorferi pleomorphic forms

The spirochaete bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato is the causative agent of Lyme disease, the most common tick-borne infection in the northern hemisphere. There is a long-standing debate regarding the role of pleomorphic forms in Lyme disease pathogenesis, while very little is known about the characteristics of these morphological variants. Here, we present a comprehensive analysis of B. burgdorferi pleomorphic formation in different culturing conditions at physiological temperature. Interestingly, human serum induced the bacterium to change its morphology to round bodies (RBs). In addition, biofilm-like colonies in suspension were found to be part of B. burgdorferi’s normal in vitro growth. Further studies provided evidence that spherical RBs had an intact and flexible cell envelope, demonstrating that they are not cell wall deficient, or degenerative as previously implied. However, the RBs displayed lower metabolic activity compared with spirochaetes. Furthermore, our results indicated that the different pleomorphic variants were distinguishable by having unique biochemical signatures. Consequently, pleomorphic B. burgdorferi should be taken into consideration as being clinically relevant and influence the development of novel diagnostics and treatment protocols.
Global Parameter Estimation of Hammerstein Systems with Polynomial Nonlinearity

Abstract. The parameter estimation problem of Hammerstein systems with polynomial nonlinearity is studied. An algorithm is proposed to overcome the problem of possible wrong convergence in Maximum Likelihood methods. The new algorithm provides a unique set of estimates for a given input and output data record corrupted by noise. The effectiveness and accuracy of the method are examined via numerical simulations.
TRACKING COHERENT STRUCTURES IN MASSIVELY-SEPARATED AND TURBULENT FLOWS

Coherent vortex structures are tracked in simulations of massively-separated and turbulent flows. Topological Lagrangian saddle points are found using intersections of the positive and negative finite-time Lyapunov exponent (FTLE) ridges, and these points are then followed in order to track individual coherent structure motion in both a complex interacting three-dimensional flow (turbulent channel) and during vortex formation (two-dimensional bluff body shedding). For a simulation of wall-bounded turbulence in a channel flow, tracking Lagrangian saddles shows that the average structure convection speed exhibits a similar trend as a previously published result based on velocity and pressure correlations, giving validity to the method. When this tracking method is applied in a study of a circular cylinder in cross-flow it shows that Lagrangian saddles rapidly accelerate away from the cylinder surface as the vortex sheds. This saddle behavior is compared with the time-resolved static pressure distribution on the circular cylinder, yielding locations on a cylinder surface where common sensors could detect this phenomenon, which is not available from force measurements or vortex circulation calculations. The current method of tracking coherent structures yields insight into the behavior of the coherent structures in both of the diverse flows presented, highlighting the breadth of its potential application.
Pushing the Limits: The performance of ML and Bayesian estimation with small and unbalanced samples in a latent growth model

Longitudinal developmental research is often focused on patterns of change or growth across di erent (sub)groups of individuals. Particular to some research contexts, developmental inquiries may involve one or more (sub)groups that are small in nature and therefore di cult to properly capture through statistical analysis. The current study explores the lower-bound limits of subsample sizes in a multiple group latent growth modeling by means of a simulation study. We particularly focus on how the maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian estimation approaches di er when (sub)sample sizes are small. The results show that Bayesian estimation resolves computational issues that occur with ML estimation, and that the addition of prior information can be the key to detect a di erence between groups when sample and e ect sizes are expected to be limited. The acquisition of prior information with respect to the smaller group is especially influential in this context.
Macroeconomic Surprises and the Inflation Compensation Curve in the Euro Area

Using daily data stemming from inflation-indexed markets, we analyse the effects of numerous macroeconomic surprises on inflation compensation data - the sum of inflation expectations, risk and liquidity premia - in the euro area between 2 January 2004 and 31 December 2007. Our results suggest that when gauging short and medium-term inflation compensations, market operators are sensitive to surprises related to real activity and prices. Interestingly, oil futures prices tend to impact at some point on the short- and medium-ends of the inflation compensation curve. Notwithstanding, long-term inflation compensations remain generally unresponsive to macroeconomic surprises, attesting the high ECB's credibility.
Bias stress instability of double-gate a-IGZO TFTs on polyimide substrate

In this study, flexible double-gate thin-film transistor (TFT)-based amorphous indium-galliumzinc- oxide (a-IGZO) was fabricated on a polyimide substrate. Double-gate operation with connected front and back gates was compared with a single-gate operation. As a result, the double-gate a- IGZO TFT exhibited enhanced electrical characteristics as well as improved long-term reliability. Under positive- and negative-bias temperature stress, the threshold voltage shift of the double-gate operation was much smaller than that of the single-gate operation.
Endoscopic ultrasound elastography for solid pancreatic lesions

Elastography is one of technologies assisting diagnosis of solid pancreatic lesions (SPL). This technology has been previously used for measuring the stiffness of various organs based on a principle of “harder the lesions, higher chance for malignancy”. Two elastography techniques; strain and shear wave elastography, are available. For endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), only the former is existing. To interpret results of EUS elastography for SPL, 3 methods are used: (1) pattern recognition; (2) strain ratio; and (3) strain histogram. Based on results of existing studies, these 3 techniques provide high sensitivity but low to moderate specificity and accuracy rate. This review will summarize all available information in order to update current situation of using elastography for an evaluation of SPLs to readers.
Research on LK Optical Flow Algorithm with Gaussian Pyramid Model Based on OpenCV for Single Target Tracking

There is a problem that the tracker of TLD algorithm in computer vision tracking will lose tracking target or follow the wrong one when the target is fast moving or blocked. To solve this problem, this paper proposes an improved LK optical flow algorithm with Gaussian pyramid model for single target tracking, through theoretical analysis and formula deduction. This paper applied this algorithm and the traditional LK optical flow algorithm with the unified video to compare the experimental results with the OpenCV visual library in Visual Studio 2012. The result shows that this algorithm has the effect of improving tracking accuracy and adaptability.
A note on the Steiner -diameter of a graph

ABSTRACT The Steiner distance of a graph, introduced by Chartrand in 1989, is a natural generalization of the concept of classical graph distance. For a connected graph G of order at least 2 and , the Steiner distance among the vertices of S is the minimum size among all connected subgraphs whose vertex sets contain S. Let n and k be two integers with . Then the Steiner k-eccentricity of a vertex v of G is defined by . Furthermore, the Steiner k-diameter of G is . In 2011, Chartrand et al. showed that . In this paper, graphs with for are characterized.
Individual Teacher Incentives , Student Achievement and Grade Inflation

or transmitted in any form or by any means without the prior permission in writing of the publisher nor be issued to the public or circulated in any form other than that in which it is published. There is great interest in understanding the potential of teacher incentives to improve student achievement. In fact, teacher incentives, either individual or collective, may improve student achievement if they succeed in aligning the public or social goals with the goals of the teacher. However, an approach in which reward is based on outputs can also be fraught with difficulties: For instance, setting specific measurable outputs may lead to potentially dysfunctional behaviour such as teaching to test. Moreover, while individual incentives may disrupt collaborative work, collective incentives may also generate free riding and, in the end, little effect on performance. This paper sheds light into this question by examining the recent introduction of performance-related pay in all public schools in Portugal. Our approach is based on a difference-indifferences analysis drawing on two complementary control groups. These control groups either were exposed to a lighter version of the intervention (the case of public schools in the Azores and Madeira) or were not exposed at all (the case of private schools). All students in all schools were administered the same national exams. Our results indicate that the increased focus on individual teacher performance caused a significant and sizable relative decline in student achievement, as measured by national exams. However, the decline in achievement is smaller or virtually zero when considering those marks set by teachers, suggesting an increasing importance of grade inflation. This view is consistent with the emphasis placed by the new promotion criteria on student results. Finally, the analysis of teacher early retirement across public schools supports the theoretical mechanisms (and much anecdotal evidence) that predict the empirical results, namely disruption of teacher cooperation created by tournaments for promotions and increased administrative workloads, both resulting in job dissatisfaction. While our results are not optimistic in terms of the value of the specific reform examined here, the findings are reassuring in that they indicate that teachers respond to incentives in a predictable way. In this context, we believe that future research should move from the broad issue of whether performance-related pay has positive or negative effects to the narrower but in our view more illuminating question of which specific performance-related pay setups generate the best …
Development and Stem Cells Research Article

INTRODUCTION The development of naïve cells towards a terminally differentiated fate often proceeds through a number of distinct steps. Complex transcriptional and post-transcriptional hierarchies regulate transitions between these stages so that differentiation occurs in a linear and tissue-specific manner. Drosophila ovarian germline cyst development has served as a useful platform for studying how diverse mechanisms coordinate to establish specific cell fates, particularly with regards to stem cells and their differentiating progeny. Ovarian cyst development begins in the germarium with the asymmetric division of a germline stem cell (GSC) (for a review, see Wong et al., 2005). This division results in one of the daughters being displaced away from the cap cell niche. This cell, called the cystoblast, proceeds through four incomplete mitotic divisions to form an interconnected 16-cell cyst. Within this cyst, one cell becomes the oocyte, whereas the remaining cells become supportive nurse cells. Once encapsulated by follicle cells, the cyst buds off of the germarium to become an egg chamber. Several molecular and morphological markers highlight changes within differentiating germline cysts. One widely used marker has been the fusome, a germline-specific organelle that has many properties of the endoplasmic reticulum (Lighthouse et al., 2008; Snapp et al., 2004). The fusome plays roles in regulating the mitotic cell cycle within germline cysts and in oocyte specification (Lin and
(Forthcoming: Review of Finance)

Why is the mere announcement of an open-market share repurchase program, which involves no commitment to purchase shares, regarded as good news by the market? We develop a theoretical model to resolve this puzzle. The model predicts that firms with large underpricing can attract attention from speculators by announcing repurchases, and the subsequent trades from these speculators lead to value corrections. Firms with small underpricing, however, cannot attract attention by announcing repurchases, and these firms have to use costly share repurchases as a value-correcting signal. We then provide empirical evidence corroborating the predictions of the theoretical model. JEL Classification: D80, G14, G30
Content and Colour Distillation for Learning Image Translations with the Spatial Profile Loss-Supplementary Material

Cityscapes Evaluation: We trained the FCN8 model [11] on the Cityscapes training set on a resolution of 256×512 using a Tensorflow [1] implementation. We use an adaptive learning rate starting with 10−4 for the first 10000 iterations decaying down to 10−6 after 40000 and a batch size of 4. Please note that in the main paper Table 1 the FCN scores, class IOU and per pixel-accuracy, are always provided on the full cityscapes validation set.
A compact ultra wide band bandpass filter with dual band notch designed based on composite right/left‐handed transmission line unit cell

In this article, we propose an ultra wide band (UWB) bandpass filter with dual notch characteristics. The proposed filter is designed based on composite right/left handed (CRLH) transmission lines. The filter is having a compact size of 2.4 mm × 8.78 mm and printed on FR4 material with relative permittivity 4.4 with thickness 1.6 mm. The filter is constructed by series of strip lines, which forms interdigital capacitance and shunt inductors allowing both low and high frequencies of the UWB to pass. The selectivity in lower and higher parts of the UWB is achieved by the slots etched from the ground plane. The dual band notch is obtained at 4 GHz and 7 GHz using the L‐shaped strip lines on both sides of the filter. The comparative analysis of the proposed UWB band pass filter without and with notch characteristics is presented with the help of the S11 and S21 curves.
Sleep-related movement disorders

Sleep disorders are common but often neglected causes of human suffering. Due to the structuring of the sleep medicine and sleep societies spread throughout the world, there have been international efforts to analyze the mounting literature on the subject. The second edition of the International Classification of Sleep Disorders has recently been completed and published (ICSD-2). Periodic Limb Movement Disorder (PLMD) and Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) are the primary themes of the chapter dealing with sleep-related movement disorders (SRMD). Today, there are 72,027 articles containing the word “sleep” indexed in the ISI Web of Science. Among the 50 most frequently cited articles is one that for the first time defined the criteria for AbstrAct