Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Genomic Characterization and gE/gI-Deleted Strain Construction of Novel PRV Variants Isolated in Central China

Pseudorabies virus (PRV) variants have caused substantial economic losses in the swine industry in China since 2011. To surveil the genetic variation in PRV field strains, here, two novel variant strains of PRV were isolated from Shanxi Province in central China and were designated SX1910 and SX1911. To identify the genetic characteristics of the two isolates, their complete genomes were sequenced, and phylogenetic analysis and sequence alignment revealed that field PRV variants have undergone genetic variations; notably, the protein-coding sequences UL5, UL36, US1 and IE180 exhibited extensive variation and contained one or more hypervariable regions. Furthermore, we also found that the glycoproteins gB and gD of the two isolates had some novel amino acid (aa) mutations. Importantly, most of these mutations were located on the surface of the protein molecule, according to protein structure model analysis. We constructed a mutant virus of SX1911 with deletion of the gE and gI genes via CRISPR/Cas9. When tested in mice, SX1911-ΔgE/gI-vaccinated mice were protected within a comparable range to Bartha-K61-vaccinated mice. Additionally, a higher dose of inactivated Bartha-K61 protected the mice from lethal SX1911 challenge, while a lower neutralization titer, higher viral load and more severe microscopic lesions were displayed in Bartha-K61-vaccinated mice. These findings highlight the need for continuous monitoring of PRV and novel vaccine development or vaccination program design for PRV control in China.
Gamma spectroscopy and lifetime measurements in the doubly-odd 194tl nucleus, revealing possible chiral symmetry breaking

GAMMA SPECTROSCOPY AND LIFETIME MEASUREMENTS IN THE DOUBLY-ODD TL NUCLEUS, REVEALING POSSIBLE CHIRAL SYMMETRY BREAKING P.L. Masiteng PhD Thesis, Department of Physics, University of the Western Cape. In the first experiment high spin states in Tl, excited through the Ta (O, 5n) heavyion fusion evaporation reaction were studied using the AFRODITE array at iThemba LABS. The γ-γ coincidences, RAD ratios and linear polarization measurements were carried out and the previously known level scheme of Tl was significantly extended. A total of five rotational bands four of which are new were observed. A pair of rotational bands associated with the πh9/2 ⊗ νi 13/2 configuration at lower spins and with the πh9/2 ⊗ νi 13/2 configuration at higher spins was found and interpreted as the first possible chiral bands followed above the band crossing. The two 4-quasiparticle bands show exceptionally close near-degeneracy in the excitation energies. Furthermore close similarity is also found in their alignments and B(M1)/B(E2) reduced transition probability ratios. In the second experiment lifetimes in Tl were measured using the DSAM technique with the excited states in this nucleus populated through the Ta (O, 5n) reaction. A total of 25 lifetimes and 30 reduced transition probabilities of magnetic dipole B(M1) and electric quadrupole B(E2) have been evaluated. Furthermore B(M1) and B(E2) reduced transition probabilities in Bands 1 and 4, which have been regarded as chiral candidates, were found to be close to each other and reveals strong splitting along spin values. This further supports the proposed chiral nature of these two bands.
Outcome of inflammatory bowel disease patients with prior malignancy

Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) treatment options, such as anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) agents and thiopurines, are associated with an increased risk of certain malignancies. However, the management of IBD patients with prior malignancy is not well defined and the literature is scarce. The main aim of this study was to describe the outcome of IBD patients with prior malignancy, or malignancy before first exposure to IBD-related biologic or immunosuppressive treatment. Methods The study cohort included adult IBD patients followed in a tertiary academic center, with at least one malignancy diagnosed before IBD diagnosis or before initiation of IBD-related treatment. The main outcome of interest was a relapse of the previous malignancy or development of a second malignancy. Results Our database included 1112 patients with both IBD and malignancy. Of these, 86 (9%) who had their malignancy diagnosed before IBD-related treatment initiation were identified, while 10/86 patients (9%) were further diagnosed with a second primary malignancy. Twenty patients, (20/86, 23%) had recurrence of a previous malignancy, most commonly non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC), found in 9/20 patients (45%). Treatment with infliximab was found to be significantly associated with recurrence of NMSC (P=0.003). Conclusions Anti-TNF treatment may be associated with an increased risk of NMSC recurrence. This underscores the importance of rigorous dermatological follow up in IBD patients with previous NMSC treated with anti-TNFs.
Segmentation d'images par classification spatio-colorimétrique des pixels Image segmentation by spatio-colorimetric classification

and key words In this paper, we present a new color image segmentation scheme which constructs regions by unsupervised pixel classification, even when there is not a one-to-one correspondence between the clusters of color points in the color space and the regions in the image. When the color points of different regions in the image give rise to one single cluster in the color space, the proposed scheme splits this cluster into sub-populations of color-points defined by color-domains. The scheme analyses the connectedness and color homogeneity properties of color-subsets of pixels defined by these color-domains in order to construct the classes which correspond effectively to the regions in the image. For selecting efficient color-domains, we have proposed a new measure, the compacity degree, which evaluates the likelihood of the event "the color-subset defined by the examined color-domain corresponds to one region in the image".
Emergence of Online Reputation Management as a New Business Tactic in Corporate World: An Analytical Perspective

The introduction of the internet has ushered in a new era in business, when a company's reputation is now reliant not only on word of mouth but also on online reviews and comments. Online reputation management (ORM) as a result has grown in importance to a company's entire strategy. ORM entails tracking, evaluating, and changing internet information about a business, brand, or person. Because it enables companies to manage the narrative surrounding of brand and reduce unfavorable reviews or comments, ORM has recently gained popularity among corporations. Businesses are now spending money on ORM to enhance company’s internet visibility and safeguard brand reputation from harm. To develop a solid internet presence, ORM actively promotes positive material in addition to reducing negative content. Through ORM, businesses can interact with customers, forge enduring bonds, and raise company’s online credibility. In general, the introduction of ORM as a fresh business strategy has fueled a need for specialized companies that provide ORM services to companies. These businesses support businesses in managing their internet reputations and making sure that their online presence is in keeping with their brand image. ORM is probably going to become a more crucial component of a company's overall strategy as the significance of online reputation continues to rise.
Lost in Translation: Challenges in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Early-Onset Schizophrenia

Early-onset schizophrenia (EOS) is a heterogeneous condition that has a serious, insidious clinical course and poor long-term mental health outcomes. The clinical presentations are highly complex due to the overlapping symptomatology with other illnesses, which contributes to a delay in the diagnosis. The objective of the review is to study if an earlier age of onset (AAO) of EOS has poor clinical outcomes, the diagnostic challenges of EOS, and effective treatment strategies. The review provides a comprehensive literature search of 5966 articles and summarizes 126 selected for empirical evidence to methodically consider challenges in diagnosing and treating EOS for practicing clinicians. The risk factors of EOS are unique but have been shared with many other neuropsychiatric illnesses. Most of the risk factors, including genetics and obstetric complications, are nonmodifiable. The role of early diagnosis in reducing the duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) remains critical to reducing overall morbidity. Many specific issues contribute to the risk and clinical outcomes. Therefore, issues around diagnostic ambiguity, treatment resistance, nonadherence, and rehospitalizations further extend the DUP. There is hesitancy to initiate clozapine early, even though the empirical evidence strongly supports its use. There is a growing body of research that suggests the use of long-acting injectables to address nonadherence, and these measures are largely underutilized in acute settings. The clinical presentations of EOS are complex. In addition to the presence of specific risk factors, patients with an early onset of illness are also at a higher risk for treatment resistance. While there is a need to develop tools for early diagnosis, established evidence-based measures to address nonadherence, psychoeducation, and resistance must be incorporated into the treatment planning.
Distributed Database Systems for Large-Scale Data Management

Distributed database systems are essential to modern computing. Such infrastructures offer scalability, speed, fault tolerance, and security, enabling applications to analyse massive data volumes in real time. Some of the difficulties in designing and maintaining a distributed database system include data consistency, performance, security, scalability, complexity, and cost. A distributed database system must be carefully planned, constructed, and managed in order to address these problems. It also has to be constantly monitored and maintained in order to provide the highest levels of performance and security. Distributed databases provide a wide range of applications in these fields and more, despite the difficulties posed by sectors like e-commerce, social networking, healthcare, the Internet of Things (IoT), online gaming, financial services, and logistics. Distributed database systems will become more and more crucial in allowing real-time data processing and analytics as well as aiding the creation of new applications and services as the volume and complexity of data keep rising. In today's computer applications, the benefits of using a distributed database system for managing and analysing massive amounts of data far outweigh the drawbacks.
Investigating the relationship between DMFT and mothers' knowledge and attitude about oral health and dmft of 6–12-year-old children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

ABSTRACT Background: Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are more prone to tooth decay. In this regard, parents, especially their mothers, play a major role in the oral health of their children. Materials and Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional descriptive study. The population of this study was 64 children with ADHD referred to pediatric psychiatric clinics in Isfahan. Inclusion criteria include willingness to participate in research. At least 6 months has passed since their child was diagnosed with the disorder and their child is receiving treatment.Lack of obvious physical disorders, psychotic disorders, mental retardation and chronic diseases in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder with the approval of a psychiatrist. Collaboration for dental examination by a dentist. Exclusion criteria include obvious physical and mental disorders in mothers of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Simultaneous participation in a study similar to the present study due to the possibility of errors in the results. Dissatisfaction with participating in the study and leaving the study during the study. The data collection tool was interview-questionnaire-examination. Clinical interviews were conducted using the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia to confirm ADHD and rule out other psychiatric illnesses. Information on decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) of permanent teeth and dmft of deciduous teeth is recorded separately. The score of each index (D, M, F), (f, m, d) as well as the total index (DMFT), (dmft) is calculated for each person. Data were entered into SPSS software version 26 by descriptive statistical methods, one-way analysis of variance, t-test, and calculation of Spearman correlation coefficient. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The oral health status of children with ADHD did not show a significant relationship with the total score of attitude and knowledge of oral health behaviors of mothers (P > 0.05). The results showed a significant positive relationship between the level of knowledge of the participants and their education level (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The results revealed that mothers' knowledge and attitude about oral health and dental health of children with ADHD were generally at an undesirable level.
A unified approach to the distribution of total size and total area under the trajectory of infectives in epidemic models

We provide a unified probabilistic approach to the distribution of total size and total area under the trajectory of infectives for a general stochastic epidemic with any specified distribution of the infectious period. The key tool is a Wald&s identity for the epidemic process. The generalisation of our results to epidemics spreading amongst a heterogeneous population is straightforward.
Adaptive High-degree Cubature Kalman Filter with Unknown Noise Statistics ?

This paper is concerned with the state estimation problem for nonlinear systems with unknown covariance of process noise. The advantages of recently developed High-degree Cubature Kalman Filter (HCKF) are signiflcant with its easy to implement and better estimation accuracy. However, it has bad robustness on modeling uncertainty for practical applications. To overcome the limitations of the HCKF, an Adaptive HCKF (AHCKF) is proposed by combing strong tracking flltering and Sage-Husa estimator. In the proposed state estimator, a fading factor is used to correct one state prediction covariance while the SageHusa estimator is adopted to recursively estimate the unknown process noise statistics. Therefore, the AHCKF can obtain better robustness and accuracy comparing with the conventional HCKF. Simulation examples on target tracking are demonstrated the validity of the proposed algorithms.
Climate Change Knowledge and Perception among Farming Households in Nigeria

Nigeria is committed to achieving a 20% unconditional and 45% conditional reduction of GHG emissions by 2030 through a strong focus on awareness of and preparedness for climate change impacts via the mobilization of local communities for climate change mitigation actions. As land cover changes and forestry contribute 38% and agriculture contributes 13% of the country’s GHGs, farmers are among the stakeholders to be aware of and prepare for climate change mitigations and adaptations. This study assessed the knowledge of agriculturally related practices associated with climate change and its relation to climate change perception. One thousand and eighty (1080) smallholder farmers were interviewed across six agroecological zones (AEZs) of Nigeria using a structured questionnaire. The results revealed that most farmers know that deforestation and land clearance by bush burning contributes to climate change. However, many farmers did not know that methane emissions from livestock (enteric fermentation) can cause climate change. Our results further show that the farmers’ perception of climate change is associated with climate change knowledge. Factors affecting the climate change knowledge of farmers include information received from government extension services, environmental NGOs, and radio, as well as experiencing extreme weather events. Farmers of dry AEZs were more aware and knowledgeable of the agricultural practices contributing to the changing environment. Increased exposure to climate change events thus appears to elevate the knowledge on the topic. Using government services, environmental NGOs, and radio to disseminate climate change information will help further in guiding and shaping farmers’ perceptions towards scientific findings for appropriate actions.
Optimum Group Size in Progeny Testing and Family Selection

The research worker concerned with animal breeding problems is frequently asked the question "How many progeny do I need to test a sire adequately? " This is an awkward, if not impossible, question to answer because it depends on the meaning of the word "adequately. " The more progeny the more accurate the assessment-the level of accuracy that is considered adequate is a matter of subjective judgment. But, by making the content of the question a little more practical and precise, it can be put in forms to which a useful solution is possible. In any progeny-testing programme (this implying a breeding programme, relying on progeny-testing for improvement, rather than a method of evaluating sires), two factors external to the actual testing procedure will define the programme. They are the facilities available (limiting the total number of progeny which can be tested in any generation) and the number of sires that will be selected each generation. The latter will be limited by the rate of inbreeding which can be tolerated in the programme. The further variable factor in the programme is the number of sires which will be tested each generation. This, in relation to the available facilities, determines the group size. The problem then is to determine the group size which will lead to the maximum expected genetic superiority of the selected sires. This is a balance of choice against accuracy. The more sires are tested the greater will be the choice, but the less accurate the information on which the choice is made, because the number of progeny per sire is less. This problem can be solved within the framework of statistical genetics. Within this framework, the expected genetic superiority of chosen sires is then given by
The first cohomology of parabolic actions for some higher-rank abelian groups and representation theory

We make use of representation theory to study the first smooth almost-cohomology of some higher-rank abelian actions by parabolic operators. First, let $N$ be the upper-triangular group of $SL(2,\mathbb{C})$, $\Gamma$ any lattice and $\pi = L^2(SL(2,\mathbb{C})$ / $\Gamma)$ the usual left-regular representation. We show that the first smooth almost-cohomology group $H_a^1(N, \pi)$ ≃ $H_a^1(SL(2,\mathbb{C}) , \pi)$. In addition, we show that the first smooth almost-cohomology of actions of certain higher-rank abelian groups $A$ acting by left translation on $(SL(2,\mathbb{R}) \times G)$ / $\Gamma$ trivialize, where $G = SL(2,\mathbb{R})$ or $SL(2,\mathbb{C})$ and $\Gamma$ is any irreducible lattice. The abelian groups $A$ are generated by various mixtures of the diagonal and/or unipotent generators on each factor. As a consequence, for these examples we prove that the only smooth time changes for these actions are the trivial ones (up to an automorphism).
Linking Pregnancy and Long-Term Health: The Impact of Cardiovascular Risk on Telomere Shortening in Pregnant Women

Background and Objectives: Telomeres are repetitive DNA sequences located at the end of chromosomes that play a crucial role in maintaining chromosomal stability. Shortening of telomeres has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the length of telomeres in pregnant women with cardiovascular risk is shorter compared to those without cardiovascular risk. Materials and Methods: A total of 68 participants were enrolled, including 30 pregnant women with cardiovascular risk and 38 without cardiovascular risk, who were followed-up during their pregnancy between 2020 and 2022 at the Obstetrical and Gynecology Department of the “Pius Brînzeu” Emergency County Clinical Hospital in Timişoara, Romania. All included women underwent delivery via cesarean section at the same medical institution. The telomere length was measured in each participant using quantitative Polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: The results showed that the telomere length was negatively correlated with cardiovascular risk in pregnant women, with significantly shorter telomeres observed in the cardiovascular risk group (mean telomere length = 0.3537) compared to the group without cardiovascular risk (mean telomere length = 0.5728) (p = 0.0458). Conclusions: These findings suggest that cardiovascular risk during pregnancy may be associated with accelerated telomere shortening, which could have implications for the long-term health of both the mother and the child. Further research is needed to investigate the potential mechanisms underlying this association and to identify interventions that may mitigate the negative effects of cardiovascular risk on the telomere length during pregnancy.
TG‐compound optimal design for bivariate binary responses modelled via Copulas

Univariate data has been the focus of optimal design for generalized linear models. It is common practice to conduct experiments with multiple dependent responses that are modelled using regression techniques. To design the experiment for all these responses, one needs a multivariate distribution supporting a previously chosen data model. The T‐optimal criterion is used to discriminate between two competing models. The designs that are optimal for discrimination between two models may be unsuitable for describe the quality of predictions for test data. G‐optimal criterion overcomes this restriction by minimizing the maximum variance of the predicted values. The design of experiments with dependent bivariate binary data is a topic we discuss in this paper. For dependent bivariate binary data, a technique for deriving TG‐optimal experimental designs using Copula is shown. The new compound TG‐criterion satisfy the dual aim to selecting the true model and minimizing the maximum prediction variance. The equivalence theorem is demonstrated and proved for the new compound criterion. A numerical example is presented to show the properties of the new compound criterion for bivariate binary setting and its value in meeting the dual aims.
Dispersion engineering of silicon-on-sapphire (SOS) waveguides for mid-infrared applications

In this work we present novel and detailed dispersion the modal analysis of (SOS) strip waveguide in the mid-IR region. The effect of the various design parameters on each mode has been illustrated and carefully studied. The analysis has been extended to cover the fundamental and higher order TE and TM modes over the entire range of operation of this waveguides. The finite element method (FEM) and finite difference method have been both utilized to double verify the analysis. This dispersion analysis has been also utilized to propose novel functional devices in the MIR such as such as mode converter, switches, modulators and TE/TM-pass polarizer design based on the birefringence between the TE and TM mode.