Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SMART ENVIRONMENT INDEX PREDICTION OF SMART CITY USING POLYNOMIAL REGRESSION

Smart Environment refers to environment where pollution is detected, predicted, classified and solved using smart tools and technology such as using Internet of Things (IoT) sensors, cloud service, and machine learning algorithms. Episodic environment index prediction allows governments and local city agency to detect pollution in environment at a premature stage to initiate proper steps. Advancements in machine learning, sensor, and camera technology have endorsed us to do that, which can benefit millions of cities and its citizens indeed. This paper describes a new method for smart environment index prediction based on index of five others smart city components using polynomial regression. This research mainly works with the Smart Cities Index dataset. We attempted numerous steps to select feature and to filter its contents to make them more apposite for selected regression algorithm. Our approach unites several feature selection techniques, outlier detection technique, polynomial degree selection technique, and random state selection technique, which outcomes in a reduction of Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Mean Squared Error (MSE), and Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) to 0.0000000140, 0.000000000000000322, and 0.0000000179 respectively and rise R2 to 1.0 for prediction. This method can be a valuable tool for smart environment index prediction from smartness of various components of a city, thus drastically reducing survey or other related works.
Stellar Populations in Nearby Lenticular Galaxies

We have obtained two-dimensional spectral data for a sample of 58 nearby S0 galaxies with the Multi-Pupil Fiber/Field Spectrograph of the 6 m telescope of the Special Astrophysical Observatory of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The Lick indices Hβ, Mg b, and ⟨Fe⟩ are calculated separately for the nuclei and for the bulges taken as the rings between R = 4′′ and 7'', and the luminosity-weighted ages, metallicities, and Mg/Fe ratios of the stellar populations are estimated by comparing the data to single stellar population (SSP) models. Four types of galaxy environments are considered: clusters, centers of groups, other places in groups, and the field. The nuclei are found to be on average slightly younger than the bulges in any type of environment, and the bulges of S0 galaxies in sparse environments are younger than those in dense environments. The effect can be partly attributed to the well-known age correlation with the stellar velocity dispersion in early-type galaxies (in our sample the galaxies in sparse environments are on average less massive than those in dense environments), but for the most massive S0 galaxies, with σ* = 170-220 km s-1, the age dependence on the environment is still significant at the confidence level of 1.5 σ.
Prevalence of tuberculosis in Shabwah Governorate, Yemen: A cross-sectional study

Background: There is a lack of data on current tuberculosis (TB) burden in Shabwah Governorates in Yemen. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, epidemiology, and outcomes of TB disease in Shabwah Governorate, Yemen. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the National TB Program (NTP) Center in Ataq City, Shabwah Governorate, Yemen. The study involved TB patients of different ages who were notified at the center between January 1, 2021, and December 31, 2021. Results: We involved a total of 123 new active TB cases, including 86 (69.9%) with pulmonary TB (PTB) and 37 (30.1%) with extrapulmonary TB (EPTB). The total prevalence of TB disease during the year 2021 was 14.5 new TB cases per 100,000 population, while the median age of the study population was 34 years. The majority of the cases (23.6%) belonged to age group 15–24 years. There was a slightly higher preponderance of males 54.5% (n=67). EPTB was detected in 37 (30.1%) patients with lymph node TB being the most common manifestation [17 (46.0%)]. All patients received four-drug anti-TB therapies for 6–12 months. Most patients 111 (90.3%) were cured, and 2 (1.6%) patients died during the course of the disease, while 10 (8.1%) patients were lost during follow-up. Conclusion: The prevalence of TB in Shabwah Governorate was 14.5/100,000 population. Male patients and younger age groups were more affected, while the lymph nodes were the main extrapulmonary sites involved and the cure rate was 90.2%. The results of the study indicate the need to revise the notification form for active TB cases and to expand NTP activities to focus on targeted screening for active TB cases in high-risk groups to close the gap in unidentified TB cases.
Empirical likelihood‐based inference for functional means with application to wearable device data

This paper develops a nonparametric inference framework that is applicable to occupation time curves derived from wearable device data. These curves consider all activity levels within the range of device readings, which is preferable to the practice of classifying activity into discrete categories. Motivated by certain features of these curves, we introduce a powerful likelihood ratio approach to construct confidence bands and compare functional means. Notably, our approach allows discontinuities in the functional covariances while accommodating discretization of the observed trajectories. A simulation study shows that the proposed procedures outperform competing functional data procedures. We illustrate the proposed methods using wearable device data from an NHANES study.
Multiple Universalities in Order-Disorder Magnetic Phase Transitions

We consider isotropic quantum antiferromagnets under applied magnetic field, pressure and temperature. The combination of these three tuning handles leads to an extended phase diagram which has not been explored within a single approach. Employing a quantum field theoretic approach that allows us to consider the entire extended phase diagram, we predict the emergence of multiple (three) universalities under combined pressure and field tuning. Changes of universality are signalled by changes of the critical exponent \(\phi \). Explicitly, we predict the existence of two new exponents \(\phi =1\) and 1/2 as well as recovering the known exponent \(\phi =3/2\). We also predict logarithmic corrections to the power law scaling.
Surface Integral Formulation with Preconditioned, Multipole-Accelerated Iterative Method Applied for the Analysis of RCS of Single and Multi-Layer Dielectric Structures

A preconditioned, multipole-accelerated, Krylov-subspace iterative algorithm for the electromagnetic scattering analysis of three dimensional (3D), arbitrary shaped dielectric structures composed of single and multi-layered dielectric materials is presented. A surface integral equation (SIE) formulation using Maxwells equations and the equivalence principle which produces a well-conditioned matrix equation is applied. The surface integral equation is discretized using the well-known Method of Moments (MoM) based on a Galerkin scheme. The dense matrix is solved efficiently via an iterative method accelerated by the Multilevel Fast Multipole Method (MLFMM) coupled with an incomplete LU (ILU) preconditioning technique. Compared to the proposed methods in the literature, proposed method is much simpler and efficient to implement for layered dielectric structures. 3D numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the validity and accuracy of the proposed approach.
The Multi‐Decadal Response to Net Zero CO2 Emissions and Implications for Emissions Policy

How confident are we that CO2 emissions must reach net zero or below to halt CO2‐induced warming? The IPCC's sixth assessment report concluded that “limiting human‐induced global warming to a specific level requires … reaching at least net zero CO2 emissions. ” This is much stronger language than the special report on the global warming of 1.5°C, which concluded that reaching net zero CO2 emissions would be sufficient. Here we show that “approximately net zero” is better supported than “at least net zero. ” We estimate the rate of adjustment to zero emissions (RAZE) parameter (−0.24 to +0.17%/yr), defined as the fractional change in CO2‐induced warming after CO2 emissions cease. The RAZE determines the CO2 emissions compatible with halting warming over multiple decades: in 1.5°C‐consistent scenarios, CO2 emissions consistent with halting anthropogenic warming are +2.2 GtCO2/yr (5–95th percentile range spans −7.3 to +6.2 GtCO2/yr), similar to the expected emissions from unmodelled Earth system feedbacks.
Constraints on ultraviolet stable fixed points in supersymmetric gauge theories

We consider the possibility that some supersymmetric gauge theories which are not asymptotically free can be governed by ultraviolet-stable fixed points. If this scenario can be realized, gaugino masses will exhibit power-law running with scale, providing a possible solution to the supersymmetric flavor problem. While naive perturbative calculations hint at the appearance of ultraviolet-stable fixed points in certain theories, there are strong constraints following from limits on the scaling dimensions of gauge-invariant operators, positivity of central charges, and Cardy's conjectured constraint on the flow of the Euler coefficient in the stress tensor trace anomaly. Also, we prove that if ultraviolet-stable fixed points do exist, they cannot occur in the perturbative regime of a renormalizable model, and that all-orders results in the limit of large numbers of chiral superfields are necessarily inconclusive. However, we argue that the general idea of ultraviolet-stable fixed points in supersymmetric gauge theories is viable, and exhibit models that can satisfy all known constraints.
Small-scale reconnection due to lower-hybrid drift instability in current sheets with sheared fields

The consequences of small-scale lower-hybrid drift (LHD) instability for reconnection through thin current sheets are investigated in dependence on guide magnetic field By0 by three-dimensional Vlasov-code simulations. The LHD waves are amplified by inverse resonant Landau damping on ion flow. In current sheets separating antiparallel magnetic fields the LHD waves can trigger global current-aligned eigenmodes, which directly couple to the tearing-mode instability. Depending on the initial conditions either small-scale, three-dimensional, or small-scale two-dimensional reconnection prevails. In the presence of a moderate guide magnetic field up to By0=B0, where B0 is the asymptotic Bx field, the unstable LHD waves propagate obliquely to the current direction, at different angles from the opposite sides of the current sheet. The resulting patchy three-dimensional small-scale reconnection grows significantly slower, compared to reconnection in antiparallel fields.
Where to find power resources under a hostile government? The prospects for trade union revitalization after the loss of institutional resources in Hungary and Romania

The experience in Western Europe suggests that overreliance on institutional stability hinders trade union revitalization. This paper explores the other side of this coin: what is the impact of dismantling industrial relations institutions on union revitalization? It investigates the drivers and outcomes of the main revitalization strategies used by trade unions in Hungary and Romania as a response to the frontal attack of governments on their institutional supports post-2008. In both countries, national-level confederations took political action seeking to amend the labour laws that undermined their role and influence. At the company and occupational level, some trade unions increased their organizing efforts to retain their influence under an adverse legal framework. This article reveals that deinstitutionalization can be a driver of revitalization when trade unions are willing to take small steps to strengthen their links with rank-and-file members and with other unions, social movements or international organizations by using a combination of revitalization strategies. It also shows that unions have to simultaneously draw on different sets of power resources, particularly a mixture of organizational and societal power resources, to revitalize after losing institutional resources.
An Adaptive Multiphysics Model Coupling Vertical Equilibrium and Full Multidimensions for Multiphase Flow in Porous Media

Efficient multiphysics (or hybrid) models that can adapt to the varying complexity of physical processes in space and time are desirable for modeling fluid migration in the subsurface. Vertical equilibrium (VE) models are simplified mathematical models that are computationally efficient but rely on the assumption of instant gravity segregation of the two phases, which may not be valid at all times or at all locations in the domain. Here we present a multiphysics model that couples a VE model to a full multidimensional model that has no reduction in dimensionality. We develop a criterion that determines subdomains where the VE assumption is valid during simulation. The VE model is then adaptively applied in those subdomains, reducing the number of computational cells due to the reduction in dimensionality, while the rest of the domain is solved by the full multidimensional model. We analyze how the threshold parameter of the criterion influences accuracy and computational cost of the new multiphysics model and give recommendations for the choice of optimal threshold parameters. Finally, we use a test case of gas injection to show that the adaptive multiphysics model is much more computationally efficient than using the full multidimensional model in the entire domain, while maintaining much of the accuracy.
Outcomes of Iris-Claw IOL Implantation in Patients with Marfan’s Syndrome in Jordan

Objective The management of ocular complications of Marfan’s syndrome, especially ectopia lentis, is challenging. In this study, we present the effectiveness and the safety of iris-claw intraocular lens (IOL) implantation along with lensectomy for those patients. Also, we compare the practice of implanting these IOLs either in the anterior chamber of retropupillary. Methods Retrospectively, we included all patients with Marfan’s syndrome who underwent lensectomy with iris-claw IOL implantation as a result of ectopia lentis. The patients were categorized into two groups: anterior chamber iris claw IOL and retropupillary iris-claw IOL. The clinical and demographic data, the visual outcome and postoperative complications were compared. Results Eighteen eyes of 10 patients were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 19.1 years. Six patients were males. The iris-claw IOL was implanted anteriorly in 13 eyes. The visual outcome was comparable between both groups and most patients achieved improvement in the visual acuity. In addition, the postoperative complications developed similarly in both groups. However, all cases of IOL disenclavation (6 cases) developed in the anterior group. It is revealed that the age of the patient was the most significant factor affecting the occurrence of IOL disenclavation. Conclusion Iris-claw IOL (either anteriorly or retropupillary) is an effective and relatively safe method in treating ectopia lentis in patients with Marfan’s syndrome. In younger patients, anterior iris-claw IOL is safer than retropupillary iris-claw IOL as the risk of disenclavation is higher in younger patients.
Comparative analysis of preventive role of different probiotics and prebiotics against the markers of liver damage, oxidative stress markers and inflammatory markers in the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease induced rats

ABSTRACT The current research was conducted to investigate and compare the role of functional foods such as probiotics and prebiotics alone or in combinations on the markers of liver damage, oxidative stress markers and inflammatory markers in the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) induced rats. According to the results, G3, G4 and G6 gained significant weight at the end of the study. Moreover, the weights of different organs (liver, Spleen and kidney) revealed that G1 (control negative) fed on a standard diet gained the lowest liver weight, G2 (control positive) fed on high fat diet (HFD) gained maximum weight (9.63 ± 0.46 g). In addition, the symbiotic group (G8) lowered the liver organ weight (6.77 ± 0.20 g), indicating that HFD induced fat deposition in body and other body organs. Furthermore, results of serum liver function markers were concerned, Maximum reduction of Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was found among the G8 (Probiotics, GOS and Inulin) and G4 (GOS). Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) was significantly reduced among all the treatments compared to the control positive. Alkaline phosphate (ALP) was reduced among G5, G6 and G7. Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) remained unaffected during the trial. As far as the results of tumor necrotic factor (TNF) were concerned, probiotics and GOS groups had a significant reduction in the levels of TNF after 19 weeks of study. Upon the prebiotics and probiotics therapy, a strong association was found with the hepatic inflammation at various degrees and hepatic and portal inflammation was reduced among the symbiotic groups significantly (Chi-square value = 49.04**; P-value = 0.000; ** = Highly significant (P < .01). Overall histopathological analysis revealed reduction in the fatty vacuoles and inflammation in the treatment groups compared to control in hepatocytes. The progression of fibrosis was also reduced among the treatment groups. Conclusively, the biomarkers of NAFLD were reduced among the treatment groups compared to the control positive.
Sonographic assessment of diaphragmatic thickening and excursion as predictors of weaning success in the intensive care unit: A prospective observational study

Background and Aims: Ultrasonographic assessment of diaphragmatic function can be a useful bedside tool in the weaning and extubation of mechanically ventilated patients, especially in patients with difficult weaning, in whom diaphragmatic weakness is suspected. Thus, this study was planned to assess the role of bedside sonographic assessment of diaphragmatic indices such as diaphragmatic thickening fraction (DTf) and diaphragmatic excursion (DE) in predicting successful extubation or extubation failure in weaning eligible patients by comparing the measurements with outcome. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted on 50 mechanically ventilated, weaning-ready patients during the spontaneous breathing trial (SBT). The DE and DTf of patients were noted along with conventional parameters of weaning. Probability value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used for analysis. Area under the curve (AUC) was measured, and sensitivity and specificity for different cut-off values were estimated. Results: Out of 50 patients, 15 (30%) had SBT failure and 4 had extubation failure. The group with SBT failure had significantly higher rapid shallow breathing index (RSBI) and airway occlusion pressure (P0.1s), whereas DE and DTf were lower compared to the SBT successful group. Strong correlation existed between RSBI, DTf, DE and P0.1s. DTf of nearly 24% (sensitivity 93.5%, specificity 94.7%) and DE of 1.10 cm (84% sensitivity, 89.5% specificity) were associated with best outcome. Conclusion: Along with conventional parameters of weaning, sonographic assessment of diaphragmatic parameters can be useful in predicting the success of SBT and in avoiding unnecessary extubation failures and thereby help in achieving a successful weaning outcome.
Genetic expression of adipose derived stem cell and smooth muscle cell markers to monitor differentiation potential following low intensity laser irradiation

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the capacity to differentiate into a variety of cell types that could potentially be used in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Low intensity laser irradiation (LILI) has been shown to induce a significant increase in cell viability and proliferation. Growth factors such as retinoic acid (RA) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) play important roles in the differentiation of cells. The aim of this study was to investigate whether LILI in combination with growth factors could induce the differentiation of adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) cocultured with smooth muscle cells (SMCs). The study used primary and continuous ADSC cell lines and a SMC line (SKUT-1) as control. Cells were co-cultured directly at a ratio of 1:1 using established methods, with and without growth factors and then exposed to LILI at 5 J/cm2 using a 636 nm diode laser. The cellular morphology, viability and proliferation of the co-cultures were assessed over a period of one week. The study also monitored the expression of cell specific markers over the same period of time. Genetic expression of the markers for both adipose derived stem cells (β1 Integrin and Thymidine 1) and smooth muscle cells (Heavy Myosin Chain) was monitored using flow cytometry. Cell viability and proliferation increased significantly in the co-cultured groups that were exposed to laser alone, as well as in combination with growth factors. Furthermore, there was a significant decrease in the expression of stem cell markers in the ADSCs over time. The results indicate that LILI in combination with growth factors not only increases the viability and proliferation of co-cultured cells but also decreases the expression of ADSC stem cell markers. This could indicate the possible differentiation of ADSCs into SMCs.
Inverse Modeling of Complex Networks Using Embedded Complex Logistic Maps

An inverse modeling technique is introduced that combines elements of coupled logistic map models and wavelet analysis for the purpose of analyzing partial synchronization states in high-dimensional systems. Using Embedded Complex Logistic Maps (ECLM), time series data derived from individual system components is directly mapped to a wavelet-like space generated from iterations of specific complex logistic maps. These maps are selected from the complex plane according to "best fit" scoring criteria with the data. The embedding topology within and near the familiar Mandelbrot Set provides metrics which are used to aid in clustering similarities (synchronization) between these selected point models. The dynamics within the individual models and the correlation between (synchronized) models is analyzed to reconstruct a unified picture of the underlying dynamics of local system components within the global system network topology. In this paper, ECLM is used to extract system parameters, network graphs, and wavelet-like analytics from two real-world systems, a gene expression network and a financial market network. Preliminary results appear to validate the assumptions and methods used in ECLM through agreement with current theory and recent findings. Some potentially new findings regarding synchronization, scale-free networks, on-off intermittency, and energy dissipation within the examples studied will also be discussed.