Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Anti Plasmodium Potential of Moringa oleifera (Lam) in Plasmodium yoelii Infected Mice

Malaria kills a lot of people every year in the world, yet this has been observed with little progress in controlling this disease. Moreover, the number of cases is increasing, resulting from the rise of drugresistant parasites and insecticide-resistant mosquitoes. In the present study the antimalarial efficiency of flowers and leaves of the Moringa oleifera (Lam.) plant was evaluated against rodent malaria parasite: Plasmodium yoelii (Chloroquine resistant N-67 strain) infected Swiss albino mice. For the study, crude extracts of flowers and leaves of the Moringa oleifera (Lam.) plant were given at different doses i.e., 125, 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg to Plasmodium yoelii infected Swiss albino mice, then various parameters llike percent of suppression of parasites, haematological parameters, survival time and body weight of mice, were determined. Percent of suppression of parasites were evaluated by observing Giemsa stained blood smears, which were prepared from different treated groups of experimental mice and haematological testing was done with an automated haematological analyser. The percent of suppression exerted by the flower and leaf against Plasmodium yoelii count ranged between 59 to 41% and 56 to 32%, respectively. Both extracts were found to give positive results as they prevented the major changes in haematological parameters i.e., count of red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets, haemoglobin concentration and haematocrit value which occurred due to Plasmodium infection. Maximum antimalarial effect was observed with the highest dose of the flower extract at 1000 mg/kg followed by leaf extract at the same dose. The crude extract prolongs the survival time of mice as well as prevents body weight loss compared to negative control groups. The results are collectively indicated that the Moringa oleifera (Lam.) plant has a promising anti plasmodial activity against Plasmodium yoelii. Thus, it might be considered as a potential source for the development of novel antimalarial agents.
Schizophrenia Patients Show Largely Similar Salience Signaling Compared to Healthy Controls in an Observational Task Environment

Recent evidence suggests that the aberrant signaling of salience is associated with psychotic illness. Salience, however, can take many forms in task environments. For example, salience may refer to any of the following: (1) the valence of an outcome, (2) outcomes that are unexpected, called reward prediction errors (PEs), or (3) cues associated with uncertain outcomes. Here, we measure brain responses to different forms of salience in the context of a passive PE-signaling task, testing whether patients with schizophrenia (SZ) showed aberrant signaling of particular types of salience. We acquired event-related MRI data from 29 SZ patients and 23 controls during the performance of a passive outcome prediction task. Across groups, we found that the anterior insula and posterior parietal cortices were activated to multiple different types of salience, including PE magnitude and heightened levels of uncertainty. However, BOLD activation to salient events was not significantly different between patients and controls in many regions, including the insula, posterior parietal cortices, and default mode network nodes. Such results suggest that deficiencies in salience processing in SZ may not result from an impaired ability to signal salience per se, but instead the ability to use such signals to guide future actions. Notably, no between-group differences were observed in BOLD signal changes associated with PE-signaling in the striatum. However, positive symptom severity was found to significantly correlate with the magnitudes of salience contrasts in default mode network nodes. Our results suggest that, in an observational environment, SZ patients may show an intact ability to activate striatal and cortical regions to rewarding and non-rewarding salient events. Furthermore, reduced deactivation of a hypothesized default mode network node for SZ participants with high levels of positive symptoms, following salient events, point to abnormalities in interactions of the salience network with other brain networks, and their potential importance to positive symptoms.
Effect of a Recliner Chair with Rocking Motions on Sleep Efficiency

In this study, we analyze the effect of a recliner chair with rocking motions on sleep quality of naps using automated sleep scoring and spindle detection models. The quality of sleep corresponding to the two rocking motions was measured quantitatively and qualitatively. For the quantitative evaluation, we conducted a sleep parameter analysis based on the results of the estimated sleep stages obtained on the brainwave and spindle estimation, and a sleep survey assessment from the participants was analyzed for the qualitative evaluation. The analysis showed that sleep in the recliner chair with rocking motions positively increased the duration of the spindles and deep sleep stage, resulting in improved sleep quality.
Correction of current transformer distorted secondary currents due to saturation using artificial neural networks

Current transformer saturation can cause protective relay misoperation or even prevent tripping. This paper presents the use of artificial neural networks (ANN) to correct current transformer (CT) secondary waveform distortions. The ANN is trained to achieve the inverse transfer function of iron-core toroidal CTs which are widely used in protective systems. The ANN provides a good estimate of the true (primary) current of a saturated transformer. The neural network is developed using MATLAB and trained using data from EMTP simulations and data generated from actual CTs. In order to handle large dynamic ranges of fault currents, a technique of employing two sets of network coefficients is used. Different sets of network coefficients deal with different fault current ranges. The algorithm for running the network was implemented on an Analog Devices ADSP3101 digital signal processor. The calculating speed and accuracy proved to be satisfactory in real-time application.
Comments on EPA's Advance Notice of Public Rulemaking (ANPRM) and Technical Supporting Document (TSD) on "Regulating Greenhouse Gas Emissions under the Clean

Summary: EPA’s ANPRM and TSD display an impressive awareness of most of the major issues concerning the economics of climate change, but stop short of following these issues to their logical implications. A commendable review of the big picture, recognizing several recent developments, is followed by a reliance on a small number of traditional methods and models. EPA should be encouraged to think as creatively about models and policy analysis as it did about the nature of climate crisis. Meanwhile, the numerical estimates and partial literature review in these documents should not be used as the basis for policy.
Vibration Testing for Nondestructive Evaluation of Bridges. II: Results

The waveform-recognition techniques introduced in Part I are used to detect the presence of simulated cracks in the girders of a laboratory-size bridge as well as a highway bridge. Bridge structure is excited by using a modal hammer. Vibration response is picked up by using an accelerometer. To study the effect of noise, digital noise is added to the vibration response of the laboratory bridge. The frequency-response function is used as the bridge signature. Each waveform-recognition method described in Part I, except for the cross signature assurance criterion, is used to compare bridge signatures, and the results are evaluated and compared. When no noise is added, all the methods are successful in detecting cracks in the laboratory bridge. When synthetic noise is added, smoothing is used to reduce the noise effect. In the presence of noise, all techniques, with the exception of the equivalent level of degradation system methods, perform well. Using a limited number of signatures from the highway bridge, the waveform chain code is capable of detecting a simulated crack.
A cost benefit analysis of providing a 'sound' environment in educational facilities

Speech and aural interaction is very important in the teaching and learning process, and as such, good acoustic design is essential to facilitate effective learning. Critical issues in acoustic design revolve around reverberation control, isolation of noise into learning spaces and control of extraneous noise sources, including noise from building services and traffic noise ingress. The Association of Australian Acoustical Consultants (AAAC) Guideline for Educational Facilities Acoustics (2010) provides the first Australia wide guide to providing a good acoustic environment in educational facilities. Often good acoustic design can be compromised by the high cost of construction. An analysis of the cost versus acoustic benefit of the guideline is considered to aid in building better educational facilities and better educational outcomes.
COMPARING PROPERTIES OF BITUMINOUS CONCRETE MIXES PREPARED USING MORTH AND SUPERPAVE GRADATIONS

Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) consists of two basic ingredients: aggregate and asphalt binder. HMA mix design is the process of determining Optimum Binder Content which satisfies the Marshall Properties. In the mix design process, selection of suitable aggregate gradation plays an important role in performing the pavement during its service life. In India, MoRTH guidelines are to be followed in selecting the aggregate gradation. Sometimes, it is difficult to achieve the gradation specified by MoRTH due to restrictions in upper and lower limits. It was observed that the gradation specified in SuperPave Mix design which is followed by majority of countries worldwide has little flexibility as compared to the MoRTH gradation. Hence, in the present study Marshall Properties were studied by following two aggregate gradations MoRTH and Superpave. The results obtained from the laboratory experiments shown that the SuperPave aggregate gradation is superior than the MORTH aggregate gradation in almost all the criterions of strength and volumetric parameters.
Retrofit of switchgear and protection in HV and LV networks

With the world-wide trend within industry towards greater efficiency and the concentration on "core" business, commercial pressures are growing on companies to maximise their plant utilisation and minimise their plant lifetime cost, often with elderly equipment. This paper examines the changing position of the manufacturer to play an important role in the "aftermarket" and equipment lifetime management. It covers the options available to the owner or operator for optimising the life of their electrical plant. The relevance of health, safety and environmental considerations and their influence on the aftermarket options available is examined, in the light of changing technology. Practical experiences with retrofit for both MV and LV switchgear and protection are covered. The influences of operational constraints and available resources of finance are discussed as factors which effect the plant lifetime decision processes. The paper concludes that retrofit can be a realistic option to maximise equipment life whilst keeping system disruption and capital spend to a minimum.
Evaluation of Serum and Urine Amino Acids in Dogs with Chronic Kidney Disease and Healthy Dogs Fed a Renal Diet

This observational study aimed to evaluate serum and urinary amino acid (AA) concentrations in healthy dogs and dogs with chronic kidney disease (CKD) fed a commercial therapeutic renal diet with reduced protein and phosphorus levels. Ten dogs with CKD stages 3 or 4 composed the study group and received the renal diet for 180 days (RG T180). A control group (CG T30) composed of seven healthy dogs was fed a renal diet for 30 days. When comparing serum AA between RG T180 and CG T30, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, cysteine, citrulline, ornithine, taurine, branched-chain amino acids (BCAA), and total essential amino acids (EAA) were higher in RG T180. Meanwhile, arginine, asparagine, aspartate, glutamine, serine, and tyrosine were higher in CG T30. Serum phenylalanine, tryptophan, and hydroxyproline were higher in RG T0 (dogs with CKD before consuming a renal diet) when compared to RG T180. In addition, the serum ratios of arginine/citrulline, tyrosine/phenylalanine, and serine/glycine were higher in CG T30 than in RG T180. Concerning urinary AA concentrations in CKD dogs, isoleucine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, aspartate, cysteine, and BCAA were higher in RG T180. In urine, the total EAA/total non-essential AA ratio in RG T180 was higher than in CG T30 as well as tyrosine/phenylalanine ratio higher in CG T30. In conclusion, the combination of renal diet and conservative treatment over 6 months in dogs with CKD stages 3 or 4 affected the AAs metabolism when compared to healthy adult dogs.
Industrial furnace control: an experiment in iterative identification and design

A set of linear multivariable models for a 20 MW, large industrial, gas-fired furnace, used in the production of welded steel pipes, has been developed and identified on the grounds of experimental step and PRBS tests. Uncertainty within models is represented in terms of delays and steady-state gains. Iterative identification and control design investigation has been applied to arrive at a feasible and realistic solution for this multivariable process control problem. Extensive simulation experiments were carried out using the convolution-based simulation language, and a comparison analysis of several control system design strategies has led to a couple of implementable alternatives. A robust multivariable computer process control has been synthesised that gives satisfactory transient responses and minimal fuel consumption during furnace load changes. Stability property or ultimate boundedness of outputs has been preserved within all designs, both the ideal nonfeasible and the realistic feasible ones.
The AC resistance of a microstripline and its ground plane

It is found that the RF resistance of a microstripline is substantially higher than the theoretical value from the skin effect of the strip alone. Based on rigorous analysis, it is determined that the extra resistance is caused mainly by the concentration of grounded plane current under a wide microstrip, and the concentration of the strip current toward the ground. It is pointed out that rigorous analytical results can be obtained for the total AC resistance R/sub t/ of a microstripline, since R/sub t/ is the sum of R/sub g/ of the ground plane and R/sub s/ of the strip. The rigorous results indicate that, for wide strips, R/sub g/ approaches R/sub s/, and R/sub s/ can be twice as great as R/sub AC/, the AC resistance of the same strip isolated (i.e. without ground plane). This means that the AC resistance of the microstrip R/sub t/ can be four times as large as the AC resistance R/sub AC/ of the same strip isolated. In turn, R/sub AC/ is larger than R/sub DC/. <<ETX>>
Multistate Reliability of Water-Distribution Systems: Comparison of Surrogate Measures

AbstractReliability of a water-distribution system (WDS) can address mechanical, hydraulics, and water quality failure in the system. The research reported in this paper focused on mechanical reliability (subsequently referred to simply as reliability) assessment of a WDS. Existing techniques are restricted to lower states of reliability (one pipe failure at a time) and very little attention has been paid to higher states (simultaneous failure of several pipes). This is due to large computational workload associated with higher-states reliability assessment. Studying various reliability measures, the research reported in this paper revealed statistical flow entropy had stronger correlation with higher states of reliability and was a better surrogate measure. A multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) was applied to rank a set of WDS layouts (alternatives) using various states of reliabilities (criteria). The MCDA considered the relative importance of each state of reliability in the process of finding the m.
Effect of litter oiling and ventilation rate on air quality, health, and performance of turkeys

An experiment was conducted with male heavy turkeys to study the effects of the application ofcanola oil to litter and ventilation rate, on health status and growth performance at 16 weeks of age. Litter oiling and increased ventilation rate significantly reduced the con centration of aerosol dust particles and the incidence of lung lesions. Overall, birds that developed lung lesions were those which had a fast rate of growth initially (8 to 12 weeks of age). Such birds later exhibited a relatively slow rate of growth (12 to 16 weeks of age). There would appear to be a negative relationship between the devel opment of lung lesions and subsequent growth rate. Litter oiling offers a practical means of reducing dust in poultry housing.
Toward Identifying APT Malware through API System Calls

Self-developed malware was usually used by advanced persistent threat (APT) attackers to launch APT attacks. Therefore, we can enhance the understanding and cognition of APT attacks by comprehending the behavior of APT malware. Unfortunately, the current research cannot effectively explain the relationship between the recognition, detection, and defense of APT. The model of similar studies also lacks an explanation about it. To defend against APT attacks and inquire about the similarity of different APT attacks, this study proposes an APT malware classification method based on a combination of multiple deep learning algorithms and transfer learning by collecting malware used in several famous APT groups in public. By extracting the application programming interface (API) system calls, with the vector representation of features by combining dynamic LSTM and attention algorithm, we can obtain API at different APT families classification contributions trained dynamic. Thus, we used transfer learning to perform multiple classifications of the APT family. This study aims to reduce the burden of network security staff from reviewing a large number of suspicious files when defending against APT attacks. Additionally, it can effectively intercept them in the initial invasion stage of APT to perform targeted defense against specific APT attacks by combining threat intelligence in public. The experimental result shows that the proposed method can achieve 99.2% in distinguishing common malware from APT malware and assign APT malware to different APT families with an accuracy of 95.5%.
Digital coding of speech waveforms: PCM, DPCM, and DM quantizers

A study is presented on the digital coding of speech by means of a straightforward approximation of the time waveform. In particular, the closely related discrete-time discrete-amplitude signal representations that are rather well known as pulse-code modulation (PCM), differential pulse-code modulation (DPCM), and delta modulation (DM) are discussed. Speech is recognized as a nonstationary signal, and emphasis is therefore placed on "companding" and "adaptive" strategies for waveform quantization and prediction. With signal-to-quantization-error ratio SNR as a performance measure, techniques are suggested which are most likely to be appropriate for given specifications of information rate. It is pointed out that error waveforms in speech quantization cannot be regarded as additive white noise, in general. This means that for finer assessments of speech coders, either relative or absolute, one needs to supplement SNR-based observations with corrections for subjective and perceptual factors. The latter seem to defy quantification as a rule. Invaluable, therefore, are explicit preference tests for direct comparisons of coders from a perceptual standpoint, and notions such as isopreference and multidimensional scaling are naturally appropriate in interpreting the results of such tests. Final points of concern are communication questions such as multiple encodings of speech by tandem coder-decoder pairs; conversions among different digital code formats; and the effects of additive and multiplicative noise in the communication channel, as manifest in the erroneous reception of speech-carrying bits. Information on these topics tends to be heterogeneous and nontheoretical, and the present digression into the subject is cursory by intent. The gramophone record accompanying this paper demonstrates some of the manipulations of speech that are discussed.
The behavior of charged conducting particles in electric fields

The presence of metal particles within gas insulated switchgear (GIS) might initiate a sparkover and lead to fatal failure of electric power transmission system. In order to investigate the behavior of a particle in GIS, model electrodes and a measuring system were constructed. The motion of a particle was investigated by using a CCD camera and a high-speed video camera. Different shapes of elongated particles were made from 0.1 mm and 0.25 mm diameter wires. The measured values of lift-off field strength of a particle lying on the electrode agreed quite well with the theoretical prediction. The initial raising up of particle usually started at the sharper edge as expected. There were two types of different mode of particle motions; one is bouncing motion between two electrodes or one electrode and the other the standing motion on the electrode. Interesting thing is that the standing motion on the upper electrode when a negative voltage is applied to the upper electrode. This phenomenon could be explained from the difference of positive and negative corona currents starting from both edges of a standing particle. <<ETX>>
CMMI(Capability Maturity Model Integration)의 SP(Specific Practice)와 GP(Generic Practice)간 연관성 분석을 통해 도출한 개선안을 조직에 적용한 성과 검증

CMMI for Development v1. 2는 구조 및 구성 상, 프랙티스들 간 내용의 유사성이 있어 이를 개선하면 CMMI를 보다 효과적으로 조직에 적용할 수 있다는 가정 하에 CMMI의 전체 5개 성숙도 단계의 프로세스 영역별 고유 프랙티스(SP)와 공통 프랙티스(GP)의 상호 연관성을 χ²의 독립성 검증 방법으로 분석한 결과, 21.4%의 연관성이 있는 것으로 나타나 SP와 GP간 내용 상 유사한 부분이 있음을 확인 하였다. 연관성 분석결과를 기반으로 유사한 부분을 중복적으로 적용하게 되는 문제를 최소화하기 위해 SP와 GP간 연관성이 높은 7개의 GP를 중복성과 유사성의 관점에서 재구조화하여 1) 정형화된 템플릿 기반의 프로젝트 계획서 작성, 2) 오픈소스 소프트웨어를 활용한 프로젝트 작업 산출물 통제 및 경험 자산화 기반 구축 그리고 3) 독립적인 품질보증 조직의 운영과 측정 지표를 활용한 프로젝트 관리자 및 상위 관리자의 프로젝트 모니터링 및 검토 활동 강화란 3가지 유형의 개선 방안을 제안하였다. 제안한 방안을 국내 IT서비스 기업인 H사에 통합 적용한 결과, 적용하기 전과 비교하여 적용 후의 결함이 33% 감소했으며, 납기 지연율은 25% 감소하였고 프로세스 적용에 대한 사용자 만족도는 11% 증가하는 성과가 있었으며 통계적으로도 유의미한 것으로 판명되었다.
A new wafer-bonder of ultra-high precision using surface activated bonding (SAB) concept

A robot-controlled wafer bonding machine was developed for the bonding of different sizes of wafers ranging up to 8 inches diameter. The features of this equipment are such that: (1) After the automatic parallel adjustment for 8-inch wafers to a margin of error within /spl plusmn/1 /spl mu/m, the X, Y, and /spl theta/ axis alignments are performed, allowing a margin of error within /spl plusmn/0.5 /spl mu/m in bonding accuracy; and (2) Room-temperature bonding is enabled using the surface activated (SAB) bonding concept. 8-inch diameter silicon wafers ware successfully bonded by the SAB process at room temperature for the first time. Preliminary investigations across the interface using an Infrared camera show that no bubbles are visibly present in the bonding region.