Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Operator Performance Using True Color and Artificial Color in Natural Scene Perception.

Abstract : Currently, the two most commonly used night optical devices employed in military operations are the long-wave infra-red sensor and the image intensified sensor. Recent advances in technology have permitted the fusion of the output of these two devices into a single color display that potentially combines the capabilities of both sensors while overcoming their limitations. Although the concept is appealing, previous sensor fusion studies have been inconclusive on the benefits of an artificially colored target. Perhaps, an artificially colored target disrupts an operator's visual processing thereby hindering the detection of a target. The purpose of this thesis is to compare the effects of artificial color, natural color, and monochrome formats in visual scene perception. It is hypothesized that participant response times and error rates would be greater at detecting an artificially colored target compared to a natural colored or a target presented achromatically. Two experiments were conducted. Experiment 1 used non-degraded imagery and Experiment 2 used degraded imagery to compare these effects. It was found that reaction time and error rates for naturally colored and achromatic images were similar and substantially less when compared to artificially colored images. For degraded scenes, natural color was more beneficial when compared to achromatic and artificially colored scenes. Additionally, artificially colored scenes caused extremely large error rates and reaction times. These results will provide algorithm developers insight into the importance of color constancy.
Effects of succinates on the inflammatory response: a review

INTRODUCTION: Endogenous succinate functions as a pro-inflammatory factor, while exogenous succinate — as an anti-inflammatory factor. The mechanisms of effect of succinates on the inflammatory response are not fully understood. OBJECTIVE: Generalization of the current scientific knowledge on the use of exogenous succinate in inhibition of the inflammatory response. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Scopus, and eLibrary international databases were used to search for relevant articles. The search keywords were: “succinic acid”, “amber acid”, “inflammation”, “meglumine sodium/solution”. The search was limited to articles published between 2012 and December 2022. The inclusion criteria were: 1) research focused on the cellular energy supply in inflammation; 2) effects of succinate on the inflammatory response intensity due to changes in the cellular energy supply; 3) correlation of the cellular energy supply with clinical and laboratory inflammatory indicators when succinate-containing drugs are used; 4) original studies. RESULTS: The initial identification analysis included over 200 published studies. After the screening, 84 full-text articles meeting the selection criteria were included in the final review: 31 literature reviews, 24 of which are dedicated to the pro-inflammatory effects of endogenous succinate, and 7 — to the anti-inflammatory effect of exogenous succinate in succinate-containing agents; and 53 original scientific articles: 27 articles are dedicated to the research of molecular mechanisms of endogenous succinate, and 26 articles are dedicated to the study of the clinical use of succinate-containing drugs. CONCLUSIONS: Endogenous succinate is defined as the most important pro-inflammatory factor. Exogenous succinate has a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect mediated by normalization of the immune cell energy supply in hypoxia. No studies have been found on the differences in the mechanism of action of endogenous and exogenous succinate.
ASSESSMENT OF FACTORS AFFECTING FLOW OF CONTRAST DURING CHEST CT SCAN

Due to the advance development in the CT software, angiography based on the conventional catheter techniques has been replaced by the CT angiography. In order to study the contrast based CT examination, large proportion of intravenous iodinated contrast agent were required to enhance the region of interest. The enhancement of contrast in CT examination is affected by three main factors such as patient, contrast media and scanning techniques factors. The factors which are related to the patient affecting the contrast enhancement are age, sex, height, weight and cardiac output. Aim of our study is to evaluate the factors affecting on the intravenous contrast flow during chest studies. In conclusion, outstanding vascular enhancement can routinely be obtained for CT scan of the chest. The relationship between injection rate, injection duration and required vascular enhancement as shown in our study will remain an important consideration as technology improvements in CT scanning.
Collaborative meta-analysis : associations of 150 candidate genes with osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture

Commentary on: Richards JB, Kavvoura FK, Rivadeneira F, Styrkársdóttir U, Estrada K, Halldórsson BV, Hsu YH, Zillikens MC, Wilson SG, Mullin BH, Amin N, Aulchenko YS, Cupples LA, Deloukas P, Demissie S, Hofman A, Kong A, Karasik D, van Meurs JB, Oostra BA, Pols HA, Sigurdsson G, Thorsteinsdottir U, Soranzo N, Williams FM, Zhou Y, Ralston SH, Thorleifsson G, van Duijn CM, Kiel DP, Stefansson K, Uitterlinden AG, Ioannidis JP, Spector TD; Genetic Factors for Osteoporosis Consortium. Collaborative meta-analysis: associations of 150 candidate genes with osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture. Ann Intern Med. 2009 Oct 20;151(8):528-37.
Research Paper Series Globalisation and Labour Markets the Role of Demand in the Adjustment of Employment to Trade the Authors the Role of Demand in the Adjustment of Employment to Trade

Acknowledgements Daniel Mirza is grateful for financial support from the Leverhulme Trust under the Programme Grant F114/BF. Both authors thank as well the International Trade Centre (ITC) in Geneva. We are grateful to Abstract This article offers a new empirical explanation to the smooth adjustment of employment to openness at the industry level, observed in recent years in developing countries and some of the developed countries. In fact, we challenge the view through which trade is related to employment via a sole substitution effect. Using an oligopoly setting in international segmented markets, we show that each of both imports and exports, carry out an additional demand effect that is always positive on labor demand in a typical industry. We demonstrate that imports can be introduced into two alternative theoretical equations of labour demand that are easily testable and capable to discriminate between a (negative) substitution effect and a (positive) effect of demand. Empirical results seem to be robust to the existence of that 'double' effect for most of the industries in the OECD and developing countries.
THE ROLE OF PERSONALITY PROFILE IN JOB SELECTION FOR ADULTS WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES

: Selecting suitable and fulfilling employment opportunities for adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) requires a comprehensive understanding of their personality traits. While ID does not determine personality, these unique traits significantly influence job performance, satisfaction, and overall work experience. The focus should be on abilities, interests, and strengths rather than solely on disability, with accommodations, training, and support enhancing job integration. A person-centered approach considering their personality and vocational preferences is vital for successful job placement and satisfaction. Matching job roles with their personality strengths and minimizing stressors enhances overall job success. Neuroticism can impact stress management, job fit, and burnout. Conscientiousness relates to work performance, time management, and task completion. Agreeableness is crucial for interpersonal skills and conflict resolution. Extraversion affects social interaction, teamwork, and communication. Openness to experience is relevant for creative roles, learning, and problem-solving. In conclusion, personality traits play a significant role in job selection for individuals with ID, and considering these traits ensures better job satisfaction and integration into the workforce. Objective of the study is to develop a profile reflecting on the personality profile of persons with intellectual disability. Method: personality profiles of 30 adults with Mild Intellectual Disability (ID) using the NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEOFFI) aged ranged from 18 to 35 years were included. A purposive sampling method was used to select the participants. Findings of the current study indicate that individuals with intellectual disabilities score high on agreeableness, conscientiousness and extraversion. This suggests that they are well organized, good nature, cooperative outward, active, high spirited and prefer to be around people. In terms of norm classification, it was found that men were high in extraversion and neuroticism whereas girls tend to be average in neuroticism, extraversion, and openness whereas they very low in agreeableness and very low in conscientiousness. It may be concluded that personality trait profiling helps understand job suitability for individuals with intellectual disabilities and guides parents and vocational instructors in providing personalized vocational guidance and interventions. It assists in identifying suitable roles, designing workplace accommodations, and enhancing job satisfaction for better long-term success and well-being.
The role of Galectin-3 in cardiac remodeling

Galectin-3 is a member of the β-galactoside-binding galectins and is characterized by a carbohydrate recognition domain. Galectin-3 regulates the various biological processes such as cell growth, differentiation, immune function, cancer metastasis, apoptosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. Current clinical and experimental evidence repeatedly suggest that galectin-3 expression is upregulated in various stages of cardiac remodeling in cardiovascular diseases. Studies also find that either genetic or pharmacological inhibition of galectin-3 can slow the progression of myocardial inflammation, reduce collagen production, attenuate cardiac remodeling, and ameliorate cardiac function. Altogether these data support further scientific attention for galectin-3 to clarify its precise mechanisms in causing or aggravating cardiac remodeling in cardiovascular diseases. This reviews presents a general survey on galectin-3 as a regulatory molecule affecting the various stages from acute to chronic inflammation and cardiac fibrogenesis in common types of cardiovascular diseases, as well as its potential role in the diagnosis, risk stratification, and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
Eye convergence is evoked during larval prey capture (LPC) without visual stimulus and in blind cavefish

In zebrafish larvae, the first response when detecting prey is an oculomotor behavior; eye convergence. Eye convergence increases the overlap between the visual fields of the left and right eyes to prepare for tracking prey. A high vergence angle is maintained throughout the prey-tracking and capture swim phases, enhancing binocular depth. Since the discovery of eye convergence, hundreds of articles reporting on this behavior in zebrafish have been published. In this study, we found that the larvae of blind tetra cavefish, Astyanax mexicanus , despite being adapted to the absence of visual stimuli due to the lack of light in the cave, have retained the oculomotor behavior of eye convergence in their vestigial eyes. In Astyanax , eye convergence responses can be triggered singlehandedly by vibrations elicited with a glass rod at frequencies similar to those generated by its prey (10–35 Hz). The blind cave tetra offers an intriguing combination of regression of the eye structure, while retaining several of the physiological functions and actions performed in the eye, including light-entrained retinomotor rhythms and eye convergence.
RELATIVE BOW MOTION AND FREQUENCY OF SLAMMING OF SWATH CROSS- STRUCTURE

Abstract : A study was made of methods for improving the means of estimating the expected number of wave impacts per unit time of the SWATH ship cross-structure. Two avenues were explored: (1) Improvement of relative motion estimates by adding the components of ship-generated wave and diffracted wave to the incident wave in describing the free surface; and, (2) including a limiting impact angle in the criteria defining the occurrence of a slam in the formulation of the level-crossing definition from which the expected number of impacts is derived. The results of this study show that including the ship-generated wave and diffracted wave does not improve the correlation of the computed relative motion with results obtained from experiments. Imposing a limiting impact angle on the definition of cross-structure slamming, as expected, reduces the estimated frequency of slamming. Additional model experiments are recommended to obtain a more definitive estimate of threshold velocity and limiting impact angle for estimating SWATH cross-structure slamming frequencies of occurrence.
Eutrophication in the Chesapeake Bay

The most critical long-term threat to the continued health of the Chesapeake Bay is the addition of excess nutrients to the estuarine waters. Other problems, such as Kepone and the disappearance of aquatic vegetation (which is possibly linked with nutrient loading), may steal our attention for short periods,but these difficulties will, hopefully, recede in due time. The projected growth of population in the near environs of the Bay, however, indicates that,as a problem, eutrophication will probably continue well into the next century
Subjective Well-Being and Satisfaction with Places of Residence in the Counties at the Cross-Border between Hungary and Romania

Using data from a survey with 1824 subjects from four counties at the Romanian-Hungarian border, this paper focuses on levels of personal subjective well-being and the relationship that this has with satisfaction with neighbourhood, locality, region, country and EU. We found that Hungarians in Hungary are the most satisfied with their lives, and also with their places of residence. Romanian majority and Hungarian minority in Romania display similar levels of personal well-being, and are equally satisfied with their neighbourhoods and localities. However, the Hungarian minority is less satisfied with Romania, but also with EU. Satisfaction with neighbourhood, locality and region predicts the best personal well-being of the citizens from both countries.
DNA Copy Number Reconstruction via Regularization

Author(s): Zhang, Zhongyang | Advisor(s): Sabatti, Chiara; Zhou, Qing | Abstract: Recent advances in genomics have underscored the surprising ubiquity of DNA copy number variants (CNVs). They carry information on the modalities of genome evolution and about the deregulation of DNA replication in cancer cells; their study can be helpful to localize tumor suppressor genes, distinguish different populations of cancerous cell, as well identify genomic variations responsible for disease phenotypes. A number of different high-throughput technologies can be used to identify copy number variable sites, and the literature documents multiple effective algorithms. We augment this literature with a focus on computational speed and simultaneous analysis of multiple sequences.One the one hand, we explore CNV reconstruction for single sample via estimation with a fused-lasso penalty. We mount a fresh attack on this difficult optimization problem by a majorization-minimization (MM) framework. We also reframe the reconstruction problem in terms of imputation via discrete optimization. This approach is easier and more accurate than parameter estimation. The accuracy of our imputations is comparable to that of hidden Markov models at a substantially lower computational cost.On the other hand, we investigate the specific problem of detecting regions where variation in copy number is relatively common in the sample at hand: this encompasses the cases of copy number polymorphisms (CNPs), related samples, technical replicates, and cancerous sub-populations from the same individual. We present a segmentation method to reconstruct CNV regions, that is based on penalized estimation and is capable of processing multiple signals jointly. Our approach is computationally very attractive and leads to sensitivity and specificity levels comparable to those of state-of-the-art specialized methodologies. Its versatility and speed make the method applicable to data obtained with a wide range of technologies and particularly useful in the initial screening stages of large data sets.Finally, we perform CNV detection and analysis in a set of pedigrees from two Central American isolate and admixed populations. We characterize CNPs in this sample in terms of their frequencies and prevalence on different genetic backgrounds.
CYBERBULLYING, CYBER AGGRESSION AND ONLINE RISKS: HOW CAN THE SCHOOL ACT IN THE PROBLEMS OF (CYBER)COEXISTENCE?

: The problems of (cyber)coexistence are increasingly present in the lives of our children and adolescents, so that using this technology ethically, consciously and positively has become a demand of education. Many schools face situations related to the improper and disrespectful use of cell phones and social networks, mainly involving students, but also educators and family members. Faced with this challenge, we propose the educational program "A Convivência Ética On-line", to be developed with students, which can inspire and guide educational and preventive actions by schools wishing to work with this issue. In this article we present the problems of coexistence that affect our students, such as cyberbullying, cyber-aggression, virtual risks; and the main characteristics of the program for educators seeking to study and develop actions in search of ethical (cyber)coexistence.
Russian Cultural Tourism Planning, Marketing, and Development: A Case Study of the Sheremetev Castle

ii Acknowledgments.iii List of Figures and Tables.v Chapter One: Introduction . 1 Chapter Two: Literature Review and Analysis . 4 Chapter Three: Methodology . 33 Chapter Four: Results and Discussion . 35 Chapter Five: Conclusions . 49 Appendix . 52 Bibliography . 66 Curriculum Vitae . 72
Magnitude and drug resistance profile of Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL) producing gram-negative bacteria from different inanimate objects at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Background : Infections caused by gram-negative bacteria are causing morbidity and mortality worldwide. The production of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases (ESBLs) is an important mechanism that is responsible for resistance to the third-generation cephalosporin. Aim : The purpose of this study was to determine the magnitude and drug resistance profile of ESBL producing gram-negative bacteria isolated from various inanimate objects at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (TASH). Methods : Laboratory based study was conducted on stored isolates from January to March 2019. The samples were taken from different inanimate objects (Intensive care unit (ICU) tables, ICU sinks, ICU IV stands, ICU beds, Incubators, ICU pediatrics trolley, oxygen regulators, Operation room (OR) tables, OR beds, OR computers, OR doors, lift buttons, x-ray chairs, and some other items) in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital(TASH) and 216 isolates were used for further analysis. Biochemical tests for identification and antimicrobial susceptibility test were done by disc diffusion method. Screening of ESBLs was done using ESBL CHROME agar and confirmed with a combined disk diffusion test. The data were analyzed using SPSS software version -20 and descriptive statistical tests including frequency and percentage were calculated. Results: In this study out of 216 gram negative bacteria, 15.3% of them were found to be ESBL producers based on the confirmatory test (combined disk method) from the various inanimate objects of TASH. Klebsiella ozaenae , Klebsiella oxytoca, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis, Citrobacter spp, Escherichia coli , Serriatia spp and Acinetobacter spp were ESBL producing gram-negative bacteria and found to be 100% resistant to ceftazidime and ceftriaxone. Conclusion: It is worrisome to detect ESBL producing gram-negative bacteria from the inanimate objects of TASH, calling for systematic screening of inanimate objects for ESBL and other multidrug-resistant bacteria in the hospital. Furthermore, strengthening the infection prevention practice is vital to halt the transmission of these microorganisms. [ Ethiop. J. Health Dev. 2023
Integrated Optical, Wavelength Selective, Acoustically Tunable 2 2 Switches (Add–Drop Multiplexers) in LiNbO

— Fully packaged, polarization independent, integrated acoustooptic 2 (cid:2) 2 switches have been developed which can be also used as add/drop multiplexers. The devices have been fabricated in X-cut Y-propagating LiNbO 3 and can be operated at wavelengths around 1550 nm. They consist of passive polarization splitters and acoustooptic TE-TM converters with weighted coupling. A ﬁlter bandwidth of 2.0 nm and a tuning range of 130 nm have been obtained. The ﬁber-to-ﬁber insertion loss is < 4.6 dB and a residual polarization dependence of 1.3 dB for bar-state and 0.1 dB for cross-state routing has been achieved.
Industrial production and capacity utilization: the 2008 annual revision

On March 28, 2008, the Federal Reserve published revisions to its index of industrial production (IP) and the related measures of capacity and capacity utilization. Although the revision affected the data from January 1972 through February 2008, most of the changes were for the period beginning in 2003. Relative to earlier estimates, measured from fourth quarter to fourth quarter, IP is now reported to have increased more slowly in 2006, but changes to output gains in other years since 2003 were more modest. The period from 2003 through 2007 was marked by a steady, moderate rise in industrial output; on average, production increased 2.2 percent per year, and the annual rates of change ranged from 1.5 percent to 3.1 percent.
Conservation, Human-Wildlife Conflict, and Decentralised Governance: Complexities Beyond Incomplete Devolution

Decentralisation of environmental governance (DEG) proliferated around the world in the 1990s, inspired, in part, by theories of common-pool resource governance that argued that local communities could sustainably manage valuable but non-excludable resources given a set of proper institutional design principles. However, many species of wildlife, such as predators that consume livestock or herbivores that destroy crops, are considered undesirable by local communities; this challenges the applicability of DEG models for managing wildlife in these contexts. Numerous scholars have proposed methods to generate economic value from locally undesired wildlife species to incentivise their conservation, but the overall success of these approaches has been mixed. We explore the intersection of DEG and the management of wildlife entangled in human-wildlife conflict and challenge the assumption that simple models of devolution and decentralisation will lead to the successful governance of wildlife in such circumstances. We argue that conflict species governance is potentially compatible with DEG but requires a fuller consideration of institutions at multiple scales than is typically included in common-pool resource theory or decentralisation. Multiple mechanisms of accountability may be especially important in securing the conservation of wildlife in conflict scenarios.