Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predictive role of modifiable factors in stroke: an umbrella review

Background A growing number of meta-analyses reviewed the existing associations between modifiable factors and stroke. However, the methodological quality of them and quality of evidence remain to be assessed by validated tools. Thus, this umbrella review was conducted to consolidate evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses of cohort studies investigating the association between modifiable factors and incidence of stroke. Methods PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Wanfang and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases for systematic reviews and meta-analyses of cohort studies from inception until March 2021. Assess the methodological quality of systematic reviews 2 was used to evaluate the methodological quality of each included published meta-analysis. Excess significance test was used to investigate whether the observed number of studies (O) with nominally significant results (‘positive’ studies, p<0.05) was larger than the expected number of significant results (E). Statistically significant (p<0.05) associations were rated into five levels (strong, highly suggestive, suggestive, weak and no) using specific criteria. Sensitivity analyses were performed. Results 2478 records were identified through database searching. At last, 49 meta-analyses including 70 modifiable factors and approximately 856 801 stroke cases were included in the present review. The methodological quality of three meta-analyses was low, while others were critically low. Evidence of walking pace was strong. High suggestive evidence mainly included total meat, processes meat, chocolate, sodium, obesity, pulse pressure, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, sleep duration and smoking. Suggestive evidence mainly included dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet, vitamin C, magnesium, depression and particulate matter 2.5. After sensitivity analyses, evidence of DASH diet, magnesium and depression turned to weak. No publication bias existed, except only one study which could be explained by reporting bias. Discussion Diet with rich macronutrients and micronutrients, healthy dietary patterns and favourable physical, emotional health and environmental management should be promoted to decrease the burden of stroke. PROSPERO registration number CRD42021249921.
RANBP2 and USP9x regulate nuclear import of adenovirus minor coat protein IIIa

As intracellular parasites, viruses exploit cellular proteins at every stage of infection. Adenovirus outbreaks are associated with severe acute respiratory illnesses and conjunctivitis, with no specific antiviral therapy available. An adenoviral vaccine based on human adenovirus species D (HAdV-D) is currently in use for COVID-19. Herein, we investigate host interactions of HAdV-D type 37 (HAdV-D37) protein IIIa (pIIIa), identified by affinity purification and mass spectrometry (AP-MS) screens. We demonstrate that viral pIIIa interacts with ubiquitin-specific protease 9x (USP9x) and Ran-binding protein 2 (RANBP2). USP9x binding did not invoke its signature deubiquitination function but rather deregulated pIIIa-RANBP2 interactions. In USP9x-knockout cells, viral genome replication and viral protein expression increased compared to wild type cells, supporting a host-favored mechanism for USP9x. Conversely, RANBP2-knock down reduced pIIIa transport to the nucleus, viral genome replication, and viral protein expression. Also, RANBP2-siRNA pretreated cells appeared to contain fewer mature viral particles. Transmission electron microscopy of USP9x-siRNA pretreated, virus-infected cells revealed larger than typical paracrystalline viral arrays. RANBP2-siRNA pretreatment led to the accumulation of defective assembly products at an early maturation stage. CRM1 nuclear export blockade by leptomycin B led to the retention of pIIIa within cell nuclei and hindered pIIIa-RANBP2 interactions. In-vitro binding analyses indicated that USP9x and RANBP2 bind to C-terminus of pIIIa amino acids 386–563 and 386–510, respectively. Surface plasmon resonance testing showed direct pIIIa interaction with recombinant USP9x and RANBP2 proteins, without competition. Using an alternative and genetically disparate adenovirus type (HAdV-C5), we show that the demonstrated pIIIa interaction is also important for a severe respiratory pathogen. Together, our results suggest that pIIIa hijacks RANBP2 for nuclear import and subsequent virion assembly. USP9x counteracts this interaction and negatively regulates virion synthesis. This analysis extends the scope of known adenovirus-host interactions and has potential implications in designing new antiviral therapeutics.
Kidney Angiotensin in Cardiovascular Disease: Formation and Drug Targeting

The concept of local formation of angiotensin II in the kidney has changed over the last 10–15 years. Local synthesis of angiotensinogen in the proximal tubule has been proposed, combined with prorenin synthesis in the collecting duct. Binding of prorenin via the so-called (pro)renin receptor has been introduced, as well as megalin-mediated uptake of filtered plasma-derived renin-angiotensin system (RAS) components. Moreover, angiotensin metabolites other than angiotensin II [notably angiotensin-(1-7)] exist, and angiotensins exert their effects via three different receptors, of which angiotensin II type 2 and Mas receptors are considered renoprotective, possibly in a sex-specific manner, whereas angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptors are believed to be deleterious. Additionally, internalized angiotensin II may stimulate intracellular receptors. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) not only generates angiotensin-(1-7) but also acts as coronavirus receptor. Multiple, if not all, cardiovascular diseases involve the kidney RAS, with renal AT1 receptors often being claimed to exert a crucial role. Urinary RAS component levels, depending on filtration, reabsorption, and local release, are believed to reflect renal RAS activity. Finally, both existing drugs (RAS inhibitors, cyclooxygenase inhibitors) and novel drugs (angiotensin receptor/neprilysin inhibitors, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, soluble ACE2) affect renal angiotensin formation, thereby displaying cardiovascular efficacy. Particular in the case of the latter three, an important question is to what degree they induce renoprotection (e.g., in a renal RAS-dependent manner). This review provides a unifying view, explaining not only how kidney angiotensin formation occurs and how it is affected by drugs but also why drugs are renoprotective when altering the renal RAS. Significance Statement Angiotensin formation in the kidney is widely accepted but little understood, and multiple, often contrasting concepts have been put forward over the last two decades. This paper offers a unifying view, simultaneously explaining how existing and novel drugs exert renoprotection by interfering with kidney angiotensin formation.
Probing Carrier Dynamics in sp3-Functionalized Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes with Time-Resolved Terahertz Spectroscopy

The controlled introduction of covalent sp3 defects into semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) gives rise to exciton localization and red-shifted near-infrared luminescence. The single-photon emission characteristics of these functionalized SWCNTs make them interesting candidates for electrically driven quantum light sources. However, the impact of sp3 defects on the carrier dynamics and charge transport in carbon nanotubes remains an open question. Here, we use ultrafast, time-resolved optical-pump terahertz-probe spectroscopy as a direct and quantitative technique to investigate the microscopic and temperature-dependent charge transport properties of pristine and functionalized (6,5) SWCNTs in dispersions and thin films. We find that sp3 functionalization increases charge carrier scattering, thus reducing the intra-nanotube carrier mobility. In combination with electrical measurements of SWCNT network field-effect transistors, these data enable us to distinguish between contributions of intra-nanotube band transport, sp3 defect scattering and inter-nanotube carrier hopping to the overall charge transport properties of nanotube networks.
Calpain-mediated cleavage of mitochondrial fusion/fission proteins in acetaminophen-induced mice liver injury

Mitochondrial dysfunction was considered to be a critical event in acetaminophen (APAP) -induced hepatotoxicity. Recent studies suggest that abnormal mitochondrial dynamics contributes to mitochondrial dysfunction in APAP-induced liver injury, yet the underlying mechanisms responsible for deregulated mitochondrial dynamics remains elusive. In this study, C57BL/6 mice were used to establish a model of acute liver injury via intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection with overdose of APAP. Furthermore, calpain intervention experiments were achieved by the inhibitors ALLN or calpeptin. The activity of serum enzymes and pathological changes of APAP-treated mice were evaluated, and the critical molecules in mitochondrial dynamics and calpain degradative pathway were determined by electron microscopy, immunoblot and calpain activity kit. The results demonstrated that APAP overdose resulted in a severe liver injury, mitochondrial damage and an obvious cleavage of fusion/fission proteins. Meanwhile, the activation of calpain degradative machinery in liver were observed following APAP. By contrast, pretreatment of calpain inhibitors significantly inhibited the activation of calpains. Our further investigation found that ALLN or calpeptin administration significantly suppresses the changes of mitochondrial dynamics in APAP-treated mice and finally protected against APAP-induced hepatoxicity. Overall, these results suggest that calpain-mediated cleavage of mitochondrial dynamics proteins was involved in the pathogenic process of mitochondrial dysfunction and thus present a potential molecular coupling APAP-induced hepatotoxicity.
Delays in Door-to-Diuretic Time and 1-Year Mortality Among Patients With Heart Failure

Background Achieving prompt euvolemic state in heart failure (HF) is associated with reduced mortality. Time-sensitive metrics such as door-to-diuretic time, or the time between presentation and administration of intravenous diuretics, may be an important facilitator of achieving a faster euvolemic state and reducing mortality. Objective The aim of this study was to investigate whether reduced door-to-diuretic time was associated with lower odds of death among hospitalized patients with HF. Methods A retrospective chart review of patients with HF admitted to a medical center was performed between 2020 and 2021. Inclusion criteria were an International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision code for HF with positive Framingham Criteria and the use of intravenous bolus furosemide. Exclusion criteria included ventricular assist devices, dialysis, and ultrafiltration therapy. Data collected from the medical records included demographics, echocardiography, staff notes, and medications. The end point was 1-year all-cause mortality. Descriptive statistics, t tests or median test, and multivariate logistic regression were used to describe the sample, evaluate group differences, and determine odds of mortality, respectively. Results Among 160 charts from patients with HF (age, 70 ± 14.4 years; 52%, n = 83, male; 53%, n = 85, ischemic cardiomyopathy; 83%, n = 134, New York Heart Association classes III–IV), 30% (n = 48) died within 1 year. The median diuretic dose was 40 mg (interquartile range, 20 mg), with a median time of administration of 247 minutes (4.12 hours) (interquartile range, 294 minutes to 4.9 hours). After covariate adjustment, prolonged door-to-diuretic time more than doubled (2.22; 95% confidence interval, 1.03–4.8; P = .04) the odds of 1-year mortality. Conclusions On the basis of this sample of charts from older highly symptomatic patients with HF, delayed door-to-diuretic time was associated with significantly greater odds of 1-year all-cause mortality.
REVIEW: Large-scale motions in the Universe: a review

The expansion of the Universe can be retarded in localised regions within the Universe both by the presence of gravity and by non-gravitational motions generated in the post-recombination Universe. The motions of galaxies thus generated are called 'peculiar motions', and the amplitudes, size scales and coherence of these peculiar motions are among the most direct records of the structure of the Universe. As such, measurements of these properties of the present-day Universe provide some of the severest tests of cosmological theories. The author presents a review of the evidence for large-scale motions of galaxies out to a distance of approximately 5000 km s-1.
The feasibility of tissue ablation using high intensity electronically focused ultrasound

The goal of the study is to demonstrate the feasibility of an annular array treatment system which uses high intensity electronically focused ultrasound. Computer simulations were performed to design the system required for the treatment. The relative acoustic pressure fields were calculated for different dimensions and acoustic parameters to determine relevant design criteria. Then a prototype device was constructed which includes an annular array therapy transducer, a high power RF-signal generating hardware, an ultrasound imaging system and a PC-based controller. The annular array therapy transducer consists of a spherically curved piezo-composite transducer truncated by two parallel planes and divided into 7 rings working at 2 MHz. The system has been tested and results demonstrate that the shape of the treated region can be well controlled as predicted by theoretical analysis
AND D ISTRIBUTION

The availability of large pre-trained models is changing the landscape of Machine Learning research and practice, moving from a “training from scratch” to a “finetuning” paradigm. While in some applications the goal is to “nudge” the pre-trained distribution towards preferred outputs, in others it is to steer it towards a different distribution over the sample space. Two main paradigms have emerged to tackle this challenge: Reward Maximization (RM) and, more recently, Distribution Matching (DM). RM applies standard Reinforcement Learning (RL) techniques, such as Policy Gradients, to gradually increase the reward signal. DM prescribes to first make explicit the target distribution that the model is fine-tuned to approximate. Here we explore the intimate connections between the two paradigms, and show that methods such as KL-control developed in the RM paradigm can also be construed as belonging to DM. We further observe that while DM differs from RM, it can suffer from similar training difficulties, such as high gradient variance. We leverage connections between the two paradigms to import the concept of baseline into DM methods. We empirically validate the benefits of adding a baseline on an array of controllable language generation tasks such as constraining topic, sentiment, and gender distributions in texts sampled from a language model. We observe superior performance in terms of constraint satisfaction, stability and sample efficiency.
Integration of Solar PV With Low-Voltage Weak Grid System: Using Maximize-M Kalman Filter and Self-Tuned P&O Algorithm

This paper introduces a novel self-tuned perturb and observe (SPO) algorithm for quick maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and a novel maximize-M Kalman filter (MMKF)-based control technique for optimal operation of grid-integrated solar photovoltaic (PV) energy conversion system, where linear/nonlinear loads are attached at point of common coupling (PCC). The proposed SPO is the improved form of perturb and observe (P&O) algorithm, where inherent problems of traditional P&O such as steady-state oscillation, slow dynamic responses, and fixed step size issues, are successfully mitigated. Therefore, SPO tracks maximum power peak (MPP) very rapidly, and it very accurately extracts maximum power from the PV array. The extracted power is used to meet the active power requirement of loads, and after meeting the load demand, the excess power is supplied to the grid. During power feeding, the power quality and power management are maintained by the MMKF-based control technique. In control strategy, the MMKF is used for fundamental harmonic component extraction from the grid voltage and load current, even when the grid voltage is characterized by adverse situations, such as sag, swell, harmonic distortion, dc offset, etc. Here, the SPO MPPT algorithm and MMKF-based control techniques are tested on a developed prototype. The efficient and reliable performances of SPO MPPT algorithm and MMKF-based control algorithm, in dynamic as well as in steady-state condition, are demonstrated under insolation variation conditions, nonlinear loading, as well as in different grid disturbances such as overvoltage, undervoltage, phase imbalance, harmonics distortion in the grid voltage, etc.
Energy Efficient MAC-ROUTE Cross-Layer Technique with Competent Scheduling Duty Cycle Protocol for a Multi-Hop WSN

—In Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) sensor nodes are compactly placed and the topology of network changes regularly. Sensor nodes are tiny devices limited in power, computation capacity, memory, sensing range and mobility. Because of wireless and specific application nature of Wireless Sensor Network, traditional layered protocol architecture is found to be less efficient, thus need of cross layer design. This paper explores to optimize the energy consumption across physical, MAC and network layers to prolong the life time of WSN. Even though Multi-hop Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (MLEACH) is cross layer protocol uses contention free TDMA as a MAC layer, which is difficult to schedule packets if the network is densely deployed and high contention because of more control overhead and loss of data packets. In this paper, we design and implement Energy efficient MAC-ROUTE cross layer technique with competent scheduling duty cycle to address high contention in dense network by reducing control overhead and loss of data packet called Cross-MLEACH. The given mathematical model and simulation results shows that Cross-MLEACH design optimizes energy consumption across MAC and network layers and provides better performance than MLEACH in terms of network life time and significant delay using MATLAB.
Monitoring the performance of DMS circuits using RhoVol technology

applied beneficiation technique for the density separation of valuable products from crushed ores. The industrial applications of dense medium separation have been summarized and reviewed by various authors (Scott and Napier-Munn, 2000; Bosman, 2014; NapierMunn, 2018). Dense medium cyclones (DMCs) are widely used in the coal and diamond industries to produce clean coal or to preconcentrate kimberlitic ores, respectively. Cyclone performance (separation density monitoring) techniques are varied. In the mineral industry. Density tracer tests (NapierMunn, 1985, 2014; Davis, Wood, and Lyman, 1985) without mineral material, are widely used, although their accuracy in predicting operating cut-points becomes limited once mineral material is introduced. More recently, radio frequency tracers have been also used for the determination of cyclone efficiency (Partition Enterprises, 2017). Density fractionation (the sink-and-float process) is a traditional practice used throughout mineral processing laboratories to ascertain the efficiency of density-based separators. It has also been used as a yield predictor in the coal and iron ore industries, where the density profile of the crushed runof-mine (ROM) ore is correlated with the plant yield. Densimetric evaluation methods have historically used heavy liquids, tetrabromoethane (TBE) of various densities. but these liquids carry health and environmental risks (Wills, 1987). More recently, non-toxic lithium heteropolytungstates (LST) have been used, where the desired densities are achieved by maintaining the solutions at specific temperatures (Koroznikova et al., 2007). Although sink-float densimetric analyses give a useful indication of cyclone performance, their practicalities in providing information to effect timeous plant-control and optimization are often limited. Long delays (up to 12 weeks) between sample collection and availability of results are not uncommon (Ndlovu, 2015). Furthermore, the repeatability of data can often be poor due to the inconsistent nature of its operation, since sinkfloat analysis is a manual process and very dependent on the dexterity and experience of the operator. The RhoVol process begins by accurately measuring the mass of each particle, followed by a 3D reconstruction of its volume using images from multiple cameras (Forbes, Voigt, and Bodika, 2003; Forbes et al., 2006). The Monitoring the performance of DMS circuits using RhoVol technology
Explicit Relation between the Wiener Index and the Schultz Index of Catacondensed Benzenoid Graphs

1 1 where Dij is the element of the distance matrix 3 of G and p is the number of vertices in G. The entry Dij is equal to the length of a shortest path between vertices i and j. Mathematical properties and chemical applications of the Wiener index are outlined in numerous works (see books and selected reviews). The molecular topological index of a chemical graph G was put forward by Schultz in 1989. It is defined as
An innocent model of linear logic

Since its early days, deterministic sequential game semantics has been limited to linear or polarized fragments of linear logic. Every attempt to extend the semantics to full propositional linear logic has bumped against the so-called Blass problem, which indicates (misleadingly) that a category of sequential games cannot be selfdual and cartesian at the same time. We circumvent this problem by considering (1) that sequential games are inherently positional; (2) that they admit internal positions as well as external positions. We construct in this way a sequential game model of propositional linear logic, which incorporates two variants of the innocent arena game model: the well-bracketed and the non well-bracketed ones.
Protein Kinase A-mediated Phosphorylation of the (cid:1) 2 -Adrenergic Receptor Regulates Its Coupling to G s and G i DEMONSTRATION IN A RECONSTITUTED SYSTEM*

While classically viewed as a prototypic G s and adeny- lyl cyclase-coupled G protein-coupled receptor, recent studies have indicated that some aspects of (cid:1) 2 -adrener- gic receptor ( (cid:1) 2 -AR) signaling are inhibited by pertussis toxin, indicating that they are mediated by G i /G o proteins. These signals include activation of ERK MAPKs and Akt activation, as well as hypertrophic and anti-apoptotic pathways in cardiac myocytes. Studies in cultured cells have suggested the hypothesis that protein kinase A (PKA)-mediated phosphorylation of the (cid:1) 2 -AR regulates its coupling specificity with respect to G s and G i . Using a Chinese hamster ovary cell system, we show that mutant (cid:1) 2 -ARs with Ala substituted for Ser at con- sensus PKA sites stimulate robust cyclic AMP accumulation (G s ) but are unable to activate ERK (G i ). In con- trast, Ser 3 Asp mutants are dramatically impaired in their ability to activate adenylyl cyclase but are significantly more active than wild type receptor in activating ERK. Activation of adenylyl cyclase by wild type and Ser 3 Ala mutant receptors is not altered by pertussis toxin, whereas adenylyl cyclase centri- determination of cAMP of were determined using a H-labeled cAMP assay system according to the manufacturer’s The final picomoles of cAMP/mg of
Topology, 2015 of Low-dimensional

This is a list of open problems on low-dimensional topology with expositions of their history, background, signi(cid:12)cance, or importance. This list was made by editing manuscripts written by contributors of open problems to the problem session of the conference \Intelligence of Low-dimensional Topology"’ held at Research Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Kyoto University in May 20-22, 2015.