Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Genomics transformer for diagnosing Parkinson's disease

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease and presents a complex etiology with genomic and environmental factors and no recognized cures. Genotype data, such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), could be used as a prodromal factor for early detection of PD. However, the polygenic nature of PD presents a challenge as the complex relationships between SNPs towards disease development are difficult to model. Traditional assessment methods such as polygenic risk scores and machine learning approaches struggle to capture the complex interactions present in the genotype data, thus limiting their discriminative capabilities in diagnosis. On the other hand, DL models are better suited for this task. Nevertheless, they encounter difficulties of their own such as a lack of interpretability. To overcome these limitations, in this work, a novel transformer encoder-based model is introduced to classify PD patients from healthy controls based on their genotype. This method is designed to effectively model complex global feature interactions and enable increased interpretability through the learned attention scores. The proposed framework outperformed traditional machine learning and deep learning baseline models. Moreover, visualization of the learned SNP-SNP associations provides not only interpretability to the model but also valuable insights into the biochemical pathways underlying PD development, which are corroborated by pathway enrichment analysis. Our results suggest novel SNP interactions to be further studied in wet lab and clinical settings.
Computer Network Comprehensive Experiment Design Focusing on Program Implementation

In the course teaching, it is found that most of the current computer network experiment teaching uses virtual simulation software such as Wireshark and Packet Tracer to conduct verification experiments, and lacks the source code program design experiments. Simple verification experiments are not difficult enough to exercise students' engineering ability and innovation ability. Stanford University CS144 course experiment, let students use source code programming to complete the design of TCP protocol and netwrok router step by step, this hard-core experimental method can allow students to deeply understand the operating mechanism of the network. Since the CS144 experimental framework has been shared on the Internet for several years, there are many reference codes on the Internet. In order to improve the effectiveness of the experiment, the teaching group specially designed two comprehensive experiments based on the CS144 experiment framework. The designed comprehensive experiment includes routing information protocol experiment and routing table search algorithm experiment. The comprehensive experimental framework requires students to use C++ language to realize the main functions of routing information protocol and routing table search algorithm, and a special testbed is designed to test the students' codes. Through the use of comprehensive experiments, it will help students master the underlying logic and details of network technology, become familiar with the methods of computer network programming, and help students improve their engineering practice ability and innovation ability.
High-Efficient DC-DC Converter Based on Hybrid SI-SC Topology for Portable Devices

This paper presents a DC-DC converter circuit using a hybrid switched inductor-switched capacitor (SI -SC) topology for Li-Ion battery powered devices. This is a combination structure of 3-level converter and traditional buck converter. Thanks to redistributing the charging of the parasitic capacitor to another flying capacitor in the opposite-phase SC instead of discharging to ground, the power efficiency can be improved. Simulation results indicate that the maximum efficiency can be achieved is 88% which is 17% higher than that of the traditional circuit under the same conditions. The ripple of the output voltage and the current on the inductor are reduced in comparison to those of the traditional circuit. At the output voltage of 1 V, the output voltage ripple gains less than 5% of the output voltage while on-inductor current ripple anticipated less than 7.8% of the average current.
Safety Evaluation of Self-Protection Resonant Beam SWIPT

The self-protection resonant beam system (RBS) is a promising long-range and high-power simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) scheme for energy-constrained Internet of Things (IoT) devices, which can achieve safe power and information transfer without mechanical control measures. In the system, a portion of the emitted resonant beam (RB) is reflected and refracted to form protective beams encircling the RB in 360° degrees. In this article, we propose an external object invasion model to evaluate the safety performance of self-protection RBS. With the invading of external object, the field propagation mode of the protective beam shifts, leading to the change of the pumping power threshold of the system, which controls the presence or absence of RB. The numerical results show that the maximal irradiance on invading object is around <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.5 \rm {W/cm^{2}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> at 2-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\rm {m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> transmission distance, with approximately 3-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\rm {W}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> output electric power and 12-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\rm {bps/Hz}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> spectral efficiency, which is less than the maximum permissible exposure (MPE) requirement for the human skin of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1 \rm {W/cm^{2}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> in the standard “safety of laser products IEC 60825-1. ” As a result, the self-protection RBS can achieve high-range, high-power, and human-safe SWIPT.
Oxygen Vacancy Formation in Charged HfO2: An Ab Initio Study

In this work, the formation energy of oxygen vacancies in charged HfO2 has been studied. We used ab initio simulation tools to calculate the free energies of the system with different local charging property before and after the oxygen vacancies formation. It is found that vacancies tend to be formed from a negatively charged Hf-O bond in HfO2.
AI Methods for Personalized Suggestions on Smart Glasses Based on Human Activity Recognition*

Smart wearables are becoming an irreplaceable part of daily living by supporting their users to maintain or adopt healthier lifestyles and monitor their current status. While the trend is increasing, little has been accomplished in the field of personalized solutions. In the present study, two models derived from distinct conceptual themes were developed, and the performance was evaluated utilizing a wearable prototype in the form of smart glasses. A statistical and a reinforcement learning approach were adopted to construct a personalization layer in terms of a predefined system reaction upon specific user behavior. The settings of the present study involve the user behavior derived from Artificial Intelligence (AI) based human activity recognition, among others, and the system reaction being a supportive Augmented Reality (AR) based functionality. Each approach yielding different benefits and drawbacks, imminently leads to a comparative analysis based on the efficiency offered by assessing the inference, update, and trend handling time. Both models are built upon the user's previous data, resulting in a data driven approach that is entirely different for each user and tailored to the user preferences. The results derived from the comparative analysis indicate that both approaches offer the personalization seeked, with the reinforcement learning approach to adapt faster.
Multi-Class Pavement Disease Recognition Using Object Detection and Segmentation

Pavement disease is an important factor threatening road safety. Most traditional disease recognition methods often rely on manual detection, which is time-consuming and inefficient. In this work, by introducing the object detection and segmentation into the detection of pavement diseases, a multi-class pavement disease detection method is proposed. First, diseases are located based on YOLOv4. CSPDarknet53 is used as the backbone network. The feature extraction performance is further improved by spatial pyramid pooling. Then, on the basis of pavement disease location, the pyramid scene parsing network (PSPNet) is employed to extract the pixel of the disease area to realize the accurate analysis of the anomaly. The feasibility of the proposed method is verified by a pavement disease detection experiment using the actual road dataset collected from a province in eastern China, including seven common diseases.
Security Review and Performance Analysis of QUIC and TCP Protocols

In this study, the development process and basic features of the QUIC protocol have were introduced and the tests and analysis of the QUIC protocol in network environments and network devices were carried out comprehensively. On the client side, a test scenario was created using Curl and Quiche libraries, on the server side with Cloudflare. All network traffics were analyzed by recording pcapng packet files with Wireshark application. QUIC and TCP protocol page load time, throughput, performance and security analyzes have been conducted. In addition, Flow Control, Connection Carrying and Load, Reliable and Multiple Connections, Head-of Line Blocking and Congestion Control applications were analyzed comparatively within the scope of TCP and QUIC protocols. As a result of the analysis, it has been observed that the QUIC protocol outperformed the TCP protocol in the page load times, throughput and security applications. However, it has been found out that the QUIC protocol consumes more processing power than the TCP protocol with these applications. Although QUIC is a new protocol, it is considered that its usage in network traffic will continue to increase with both in performance and security.
HBtree: A Heterogeneous B+tree with Multi-granularity for Hybrid NVM-SSD Storage

Traditional index structures build on homogeneous storage consisting of same-granularity blocks and maintain a map between logical offset and storage-blocks. Non-Volatile Memory (NVM) and Solid-State Drive have their own optimal I/O sizes. However, these homogeneous indexes cannot uniformly and efficiently manage hybrid NVM-SSD storage space with heterogenous blocks. This paper proposes a heterogeneous B+tree, referred as to HBtree, to index multi-granularity blocks for hybrid NVM-SSD storage. The indexing node of HBtree is same to B+tree with largest-granularity blocks. However, a part of leaves in the legacy B+tree are extended to index small granularity blocks. Therefore, HBtree has the low tree-height while indexing different granularity blocks simultaneously. We implement HBtree and evaluate it on hybrid NVM-SSD storage. Compared to legacy B+tree, HBtree improves insert and search performance by up to 4.54x and 1.96x respectively and improving space utilization by up to 3.49x.
Oscillation and model of the reclosure function in overhead lines of 220kV and 500kV

This research article proposes an analysis and mathematical description of the reclosure function for 220kV and 500kV, the power oscillations and thereby improve the overall power system stability. Our findings are the the power oscillation detection algorithm caused by the interaction of the fixed series capacitor (FSC), the shunt reactors and the overhead lines; the results also prove that the ATP analysis allows to detect damping oscillations in 220kV of 3.1 pu and The effectiveness of the power line reclosing was tested by ATP simulations for maximum load and different positions of the fault in the path of the line.
Color-strip Recognition Based Information Management System: Implementation on OBD Management

AI is being used more and more widely in our daily life and industry. Taking optical branching device (OBD) unit as an example, this paper designs an information managing system based on color strip recognition. OBD could be referred as a multiple-in multiple out (MIMO) system managing the optical fiber cables. It is usually used for optical signal coupling, branching, and distribution and mainly for business broadband management and maintenance. The proposal is based on a designed color strip which composed by several color rings and the rings in different colors stand for binary values and the head-tail signs respectively. Using this method in OBD port recognition so that available port resources could be detected automatically through these binary color rings. Due to different illumination conditions, the color distortion caused by the lens and the shooting angle makes the observed color be different from the designed color. Besides, some color strips might be overlapped or curved under certain circumstances. To tackle these problems, we applied a classification method to choose a suitable color combination. Then, an object detection method is applied to detect the color strip and the binary information could be captured. Finally, we proposed an algorithm utilizes the preliminary knowledge (position continuity, the number, and the size consistency of color rings) to achieve the color strip recognition with high accuracy. Our experiments indicate the efficacy of the proposed method.
Open-Source Game Engine & Framework for 2D Game Development

Currently, the use of game engines and frameworks for the development of video games has become very popular, given they provide many features that allow to reduce the effort and time when building video games. Also, they allow developers to focus on building their idea and not on how to implement each of the technical functionalities of the game. However, these tools are very generic, given they do not have functionalities focused on specific styles or genres such as visual novels, RPG, 2D only, 2.5D only, or 3D only. Therefore, in this research we have proposed a game engine application that uses its own framework to make 2D video games in a simpler and more efficient way. In addition, Entity Component System (ECS), Middleware and Scene Management architectural patterns were used in the process of building the game engine and framework to ensure high performance and scalability of future features. Likewise, our project has a 2D graphical user interface (GUI) for ease of use. Finally, the results of the experiment show that 75% of game developers perceived a reduction in the time and effort required to develop a 2D video game, compared to existing game engines on the market.
Behind the dust curtain: the spectacular case of GRB 160623A

We report on the X-ray dust-scattering features observed around the afterglow of the gamma-ray burst GRB 160623A. With an XMM-Newton observation carried out ∼2 d after the burst, we found evidence of at least six rings, with angular size expanding between ∼2 and 9 arcmin, as expected for X-ray scattering of the prompt gamma-ray burst (GRB) emission by dust clouds in our Galaxy. From the expansion rate of the rings, we measured the distances of the dust layers with extraordinary precision: 528.1 ± 1.2, 679.2 ± 1.9, 789.0 ± 2.8, 952 ± 5, 1539 ± 20 and 5079 ± 64 pc. A spectral analysis of the ring spectra, based on an appropriate dust-scattering model (BARE-GR-B) and the estimated burst fluence, allowed us to derive the column density of the individual dust layers, which are in the range 7 × 1020-1.5 × 1022 cm-2. The farthest dust layer (i.e. the one responsible for the smallest ring) is also the one with the lowest column density and it is possibly very extended, indicating a diffuse dust region. The properties derived for the six dust layers (distance, thickness and optical depth) are generally in good agreement with independent information on the reddening along this line of sight and on the distribution of molecular and atomic gas.
Optimal Scheduling of Energy Internet with Multiple Micro-Energy Networks

With the incremental distribution network reform of a large number of micro energy network access systems, the formation of energy Internet with multi-micro energy network, which brings great risks to energy Internet scheduling. In view of the problems of multi-interest interaction and regulation operation caused by the access of multiple micro-energy grids to the energy Internet, this paper proposes an energy Internet optimization scheduling strategy with multiple micro-energy grids, which reduces the peak-to-valley difference of electricity load in the energy Internet, and realizes mutual benefit and win-win between various micro-energy grids and comprehensive energy operators.
A comparative analysis of Udemy's catalog, pricing strategy, and offerings across providers

Udemy is an online learning platform with 157,000 courses, 40 million users, and 428 million course enrollments. But despite its size and reach, Udemy's catalog has not been the subject of much research. In this paper, we aim to fill this gap by presenting a comparative analysis of Udemy's catalog, focusing on the provider's pricing strategy across different regions (USA, India, and France), and comparing its course offerings with those of other providers (Coursera, edX, and FutureLearn). To achieve this, we collected Udemy's course data and conducted a descriptive analysis of the provider's catalog. We then focused on Udemy's pricing model, comparing free and paid course offerings. Finally, we conducted a macro analysis of some of the features of the mentioned offerings across multiple providers and regions of the world. Among others, we found that Udemy's top-20% courses by enrollment account for about 90% of the platform's total enrollments. Udemy's free courses have a median enrollment of about 20 times that of paid courses. Udemy's list prices vary significantly across regions of the world. And while about 80% of Coursera, edX, and FutureLearn courses are free or free-to-audit, just under 10% of Udemy courses are free.
Structural and Optical Properties of Ge 20 Se 70 Zn 10 Thin Films

Thin films having composition Ge20Se70Zn10 were deposited onto glass substrates by the vacuum thermal evaporation technique. Effective crystallite size and strain are determined by the method of variance analysis of the X-ray diffraction line profiles for the films. Reflectance and transmittance at normal incidence of the as-deposited and annealed samples are measured by spectrophotometer in the spectral range of 300 – 2500 nm. Direct optical band gap (Eg) and Urbach energy (EU) are calculated from the absorption coefficient. Analytical relations are used to deduce the real and imaginary refractive indices at each scanned wavelength from the measured reflectance and transmittance. Dispersive parameters of Wemple-DiDomenico dispersion’s relations are also deduced. KeywordsThin Films, Optical Properties, Dispersive Parameters
Design and Implementation of Links Generation for Inter Domain Routing System

Due to the inherent flaws of BGP protocol, the security of inter domain routing system has been regularly threatened. Since it is difficult to achieve collaborative defense against existing resources and strategies of multiple autonomous systems, this paper designs and organizes them into autonomous system community. Within the community, a precomputing multi-link generation mechanism is proposed based on genetic algorithm. Before the inter domain routing system is attacked, the link set can be generated as complete as possible in advance. Once an attack occurs, the community will quickly select proper precomputing links to replace the failed ones, in order to ensure the stability of inter domain communication. The effectiveness of the mechanism has been proved in function and performance through simulation experiments.
Workload Deployment and Configuration Reconciliation at Scale in Kubernetes-Based Edge-Cloud Continuums

Continuum computing promises the abstraction of physical node location and node platform stack in order to create a seamless application deployment and execution across edges and cloud data centres. For industrial IoT applications, the demand to generate data insights in conjunction with an installed base of increasingly capable edge devices is calling for appropriate continuum computing interfaces. Derived from a case study in industrial water flow monitoring and based on the industry’s de-facto standard Kubernetes to deploy complex containerised workloads, we present an appropriate continuum deployment mechanism based on custom Kubernetes controllers and CI/CD, called Kontinuum Controller. Through synthetic experiments and a holistic cross-provider deployment, we investigate its scalability with emphasis on reconciling adjusted configuration per application and per node, a critical requirement by industrial customers. Our findings convey that Kubernetes by default would enter undesirable oscillation already for modestly sized deployments. Thus, we also discuss possible solutions.
Metallic Cylindrical Resonator Vibratory Gyroscope Sensitivity to Random Vibration

this work presents low-cost metallic cylindrical resonator vibratory gyroscope test results to determine g2_ sensitivity to random vibration in wide frequency ranges up to 6400 Hz that covers its resonant frequency and in wide root mean square amplitude ranges up to 20 g. Gyro bias dependence on the root-mean-square value of vibration amplitude is graphically presented. The coefficients of g2-sensitivity are computed by fitting the measurement results with the second-order curves. Angle random work and white noise of bias components in the dependence on vibrating amplitude are also graphically presented with a determination of their sensitivity coefficients to random vibration. The test results show that metallic cylindrical resonator gyro is rugged and can be used in tactical applications where a severe vibration environment does not allow using other gyros.
The AGoRA V2 Unilateral Lower-limb Exoskeleton: Mechatronic Integration and Biomechanical Assessment

People who suffer from stroke have a higher difficulty performing gait activity, affecting their quality of life. New technologies have been developed to assist and rehabilitate the affected limbs. This paper presents the AGoRA V2 unilateral lower-limb exoskeleton and the assessment of physiological and spatiotemporal parameters of gait in 10 subjects who participated in a test. AGORA V2 combine a stiff structure for the Hip and Knee and the T-FLEX ankle exoskeleton (soft structure). The results showed a significant decrease in muscle activity compared to the condition without an exoskeleton. This decrease was 8% in Biceps Femoris (BF) muscle activity and 4% in Vastus Medialis (VM) muscle activity, generated by proper assistance of the devices thigh muscles. Tibialis Anterior (TA) and Lateral Gastrocnemius (LG) muscles and gait times did not show significant changes, which can be interpreted as a correct synchronisation of the devices with the person's gait. The results obtained can be used as a baseline for future studies with pathological patients.
Mobil Cihazların Kuantum Sonrası Güvenliği İçin Uyarlanmış KEM Uygulamaları: Adapted KEM Applications for Post-Quantum Security of Mobile Devices

There is a requirement to examine the post-quantum security of the mobile devices with Android operating system. Although the most suitable candidates for meeting this requirement are the finalists of the NIST standardization process, there is no version of these algorithms that can work directly on Android devices in the published documents. Therefore, there is a need to adaptation KEM algorithms, which are required for secure communication after quantum computers in Android devices. In this paper, the NIST's lattice-based standard CRYSTAL-KYBER and finalist SABER and NTRU KEM algorithms are adopted to the Java environment. A library that can be used directly on Android devices is developed. Using the developed library, evaluation results are presented in terms of average running times, memory usage and CPU usage.