Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Day-to-Day Decision Making by Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer

Background: Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer must negotiate the transition between childhood and adulthood while dealing with a life-threatening illness. AYA involvement in decision making varies depending on the type of decision and when decisions occur during treatment, and evidence suggests that AYAs want to be involved in decision making. Objective: To explore involvement of AYAs with cancer in day-to-day decisions affected by their cancer and treatment. Methods: This qualitative study used interpretive focused ethnography within the sociologic tradition, informed by symbolic interactionism. Semi-structured interviews and informal participant observation took place at two quaternary pediatric oncology programs. Results: Thirty-one interviews were conducted with 16 AYAs ages 15 to 20 years. Major day to day decision-making categories identified included: (1) mental mindset, (2) self-care practices, (3) self-advocacy, and (4) negotiating relationships. Participants described how they came to grips with their illness early on and decided to fight their cancer. They described decisions they made to protect their health, how they advocated for themselves and decisions they made about relationships with family and friends. Conclusions: Through day-to-day decisions, participants managed the impact of cancer and its treatment on their daily lives. Research should focus on developing and implementing interventions to empower AYAs to participate in day-to-day decisions that will affect how they manage their cancer, its treatment and ultimately their outcomes. Implications for Practice: Healthcare providers can facilitate AYA's participation in day-to-day decision making through encouraging autonomy and self-efficacy by providing support and through effective communication.
The human antibody sequence space and structural design of the V, J regions, and CDRH3 with Rosetta

ABSTRACT The human adaptive immune response enables the targeting of epitopes on pathogens with high specificity. Infection with a pathogen induces somatic hyper-mutation and B-cell selection processes that govern the shape and diversity of the antibody sequence landscape. To date, even the largest immunome repertoires of adaptive immune receptors acquired by next-generation sequencing cannot fully capture the vast antibody sequence space of a single individual, which is estimated to be at least 1012 potential sequences. Degeneracy of the genetic code means that the number of possible nucleotide triplets (64) is greater than the number of canonical amino acids (20), resulting in some amino acids being encoded by multiple triplets and different amino acids sharing the same nucleotide in 1 or 2 positions in the triplet. We hypothesize that the degeneracy of the genetic code can be used to statistically model an enlarged space of human antibody amino acid sequences, accommodating for the discrepancy between the observed and the hypothesized antibody sequence space. Facilitated by Bayesian statistics and immunome repertoire clustering, we calculated amino acid probabilities from single nucleotide frequencies to infer a human amino acid sequence space that is used to design human-like antibodies with Rosetta. We show that antibodies designed with our restraints are on average up to 16.6% more human-like in the V and J regions compared to the Rosetta designs produced without constraints. The human-likeness of the heavy-chain CDR3 region (CDRH3) could be increased for 8 of 27 antibodies compared to Rosetta designs with a similar number of mutations and could be successfully applied on Mus musculus antibodies to demonstrate humanization.
Orchestrating nonmuscle myosin II filament assembly at the onset of cytokinesis

Contractile forces in the actomyosin cortex are required for cellular morphogenesis. This includes the invagination of the cell membrane during division, where filaments of nonmuscle myosin II (NMII) are responsible for generating contractile forces in the cortex. However, how NMII heterohexamers form filaments in vivo is not well understood. To quantify NMII filament assembly dynamics, we imaged the cortex of Caenorhabditis elegans embryos at high spatial resolution around the time of the first division. We show that during the assembly of the cytokinetic ring, the number of NMII filaments in the cortex increases and more NMII motors are assembled into each filament. These dynamics are influenced by two proteins in the RhoA GTPase pathway, the RhoA-dependent kinase LET-502 and the myosin phosphatase MEL-11. We find that these two proteins differentially regulate NMII activity at the anterior and at the division site. We show that the coordinated action of these regulators generates a gradient of free NMII in the cytoplasm driving a net diffusive flux of NMII motors toward the cytokinetic ring. Our work highlights how NMII filament assembly and disassembly dynamics are orchestrated over space and time to facilitate the up-regulation of cortical contractility during cytokinesis.
Localization of Craniomaxillofacial Landmarks on CBCT Images Using 3D Mask R-CNN and Local Dependency Learning

Cephalometric analysis relies on accurate detection of craniomaxillofacial (CMF) landmarks from cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. However, due to the complexity of CMF bony structures, it is difficult to localize landmarks efficiently and accurately. In this paper, we propose a deep learning framework to tackle this challenge by jointly digitalizing 105 CMF landmarks on CBCT images. By explicitly learning the local geometrical relationships between the landmarks, our approach extends Mask R-CNN for end-to-end prediction of landmark locations. Specifically, we first apply a detection network on a down-sampled 3D image to leverage global contextual information to predict the approximate locations of the landmarks. We subsequently leverage local information provided by higher-resolution image patches to refine the landmark locations. On patients with varying non-syndromic jaw deformities, our method achieves an average detection accuracy of 1.38± 0.95mm, outperforming a related state-of-the-art method.
Advanced Approach and Management in Cloud Trust

In cloud administrations make the trust administration in cloud situations a huge test. As per specialists at Berkeley, trust and security is positioned one of the main 10 obstructions for the selection of distributed computing. Distributed computing (CC)helps IT organizations to concentrate on their business or vital ventures as opposed to specialized perspectives. Predominantly three administration model are offered by cloud which are Infrastructure as an administration (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS) and Software as an administration (SaaS). At SaaS level applications are facilitated by suppliers on system, these administrations are utilized by clients over web on request premise. A web program is utilized to get to various programming's from the cloud suppliers. A client require not to introduce programming on his machine, just a case of programming is required. For instance Google Apps, SQL Azure. In PaaS demonstrate as name suggests it offers stage to fabricate different applications. Different offices offered by PaaS to send applications incorporate application planning, advancement, testing and facilitating. In the process a standout amongst the most difficult issues for the appropriation and development of distributed computing. For upgrades in the established work is improved utilizing mimicked tempering that is extremely viable and making utilization of metallurgy based usage. In metallurgy, the temperature variable is taken for the fashioning and advancement of metal segments. The point of solidification is accomplished in a circle of down level temperature. In this work, the recreated tempering based execution is utilized with the coordinated with element security key for improved security trust engineering. The proposed AMETA (Advanced Metaheuristic Enhanced Trust Assessment) engineering is giving compelling results as far as turnaround time, security calculate, cost, multifaceted nature and trust esteem.
A survey of low power techniques for efficient Network-on-Chip design

Power consumption continues to be a challenge for designers as the complexity of NoC increases. The scaling down of technology towards the deep nanometer era will only cause an increase in the amount of power NoC components will consume. Therefore, low power design solution is one of the essential requirements of future NoC-based System-on-Chip (SoC) applications. Several techniques have been proposed over the years to improve the performance of the NoCs, trading-off power efficiency; particularly power hungry elements in NoC routers. Power dissipation can be reduced by optimizing the router elements, applying architecture saving techniques and communication links. This paper presents recent contributions and efficient saving techniques at the router, NoC architecture and Communication link level.
Magnetic fields and apoptosis: a possible mechanism

ABSTRACT The potential therapeutic uses of electromagnetic fields (EMF), part of the nonionizing radiation spectrum, increase with time. Among them, those considering the potential antitumor effects exerted by the Magnetic Fields (MFs), part of the EMF entity, have gained more and more interest. A recent review on this subject reports the MFs’ effect on apoptosis of tumor cells as one of the most important breakthroughs. Apoptosis is considered a key mechanism regulating the genetic stability of cells and as such is considered of fundamental importance in cancer initiation and development. According to an atomic/sub-atomic analysis, based on quantum physics, of the complexity of biological life and the role played by oxygen and its radicals in cancer biology, a possible biophysical mechanism is described. The mechanism considers the influence of MFs on apoptosis through an effect on electron spin that is able to increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentration. Impacting on the delicate balance between ROS production and ROS elimination in tumor cells is considered a promising cancer therapy, affecting different biological processes, such as apoptosis and metastasis. An analysis in the literature, which allows correlation between MFs exposure characteristics and their influence on apoptosis and ROS concentration, supports the validity of the mechanism.
Individual genetic variability mainly of Proinflammatory cytokines, cytokine receptors, and toll‐like receptors dictates pathophysiology of COVID‐19 disease

Innate and acquired immunity responses are crucial for viral infection elimination. However, genetic variations in coding genes may exacerbate the inflammation or initiate devastating cytokine storms which poses severe respiratory conditions in coronavirus disease‐19 (COVID‐19). Host genetic variations in particular those related to the immune responses determine the patients' susceptibility and COVID‐19 severity and pathophysiology. Gene polymorphisms such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of interferons, TNF, IL1, IL4, IL6, IL7, IL10, and IL17 predispose patients to the severe form of COVID‐19 or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐COV‐2). These variations mainly alter the gene expression and cause a severe response by B cells, T cells, monocytes, neutrophils, and natural killer cells participating in a cytokine storm. Moreover, cytokines and chemokines SNPs are associated with the severity of COVID‐19 and clinical outcomes depending on the corresponding effect. Additionally, genetic variations in genes encoding toll‐like receptors (TLRs) mainly TLR3, TLR7, and TLR9 have been related to the COVID‐19 severe respiratory symptoms. The specific relation of these mutations with the novel variants of concern (VOCs) infection remains to be elucidated. Genetic variations mainly within genes encoding proinflammatory cytokines, cytokine receptors, and TLRs predispose patients to COVID‐19 disease severity. Understanding host immune gene variations associated with the SARS‐COV‐2 infection opens insights to control the pathophysiology of emerging viral infections.
Pharmacogenomics for the efficacy and side effects of antihistamines

Antihistamines, especially H1 antihistamines, are widely used in the treatment of allergic diseases such as urticaria and allergic rhinitis, mainly for reversing elevated histamine and anti‐allergic effects. Antihistamines are generally safe, but some patients experience adverse reactions, such as cardiotoxicity, central inhibition and anticholinergic effects. There are also individual differences in antihistamine efficacy in clinical practice. The concept of individualized medicine has been deeply rooted in people's minds since it was put forward. Pharmacogenomics is the study of the role of inheritance in individual variations in drug response. In recent decades, pharmacogenomics has been developing rapidly, which provides new ideas for individualized medicine. Polymorphisms in the genes encoding metabolic enzymes, transporters and target receptors have been shown to affect the efficacy of antihistamines. In addition, recent evidence suggests that gene polymorphisms influence urticaria susceptibility and antihistamine therapy. Here, we summarize current reports in this area, aiming to contribute to future research in antihistamines and clinical guidance for antihistamines use in individualized medicine.
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of the HIF1A Gene are Associated With Sensitivity of Glucocorticoid Treatment in Pediatric ITP Patients

Background: Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) plays a crucial role in both innate and adaptive immunity. Emerging evidence indicates that HIF-1α is associated with the inflammation and pathologic activities of autoimmune diseases, suggesting that HIF1α may be involved in immune dysregulation in patients with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the HIF1A gene are associated with susceptibility to ITP and its clinical prognosis including incidence of chronic ITP and glucocorticoid sensitivity. Materials and Methods: This study involved 197 Chinese ITP pediatric patients (discovery cohort) and 220 healthy controls. The Sequenom MassArray system (Sequenom, San Diego, CA) was used to detect 3 SNPs genotypes in the HIF1A gene: rs11549465, rs1957757, and rs2057482. We also used another ITP cohort (N=127) to validate the significant results of SNPs found in the discovery cohort. Results: The frequencies of the three SNPs did not show any significant differences between the ITP and healthy control groups. The CT genotype at rs11549465 was significantly higher in ITP patients sensitive to glucocorticoid treatment than in those insensitive to glucocorticoid treatment (P=0.025). These results were validated using another ITP cohort (N=127, P=0.033). Moreover, the CC genotype was a risk factor for insensitive to GT the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) was 5.96 (5.23-6.69) in standard prednisone (P=0.0069) and 6.35 (5.33-7.37) in high-dose dexamethasone (P=0.04). Conclusions: Although HIF1A gene polymorphisms were not associated with susceptibility to ITP, the CT genotype at rs11549465 was associated with the sensitivity to glucocorticoid treatment of ITP patients, suggesting that the rs11549465 SNP may contribute to the sensitivity of glucocorticoid treatment in pediatric ITP patients.
Reduced tumor growth in EP2 knockout mice is related to signaling pathways favoring an increased local anti-tumor immunity in the tumor stroma

Inflammatory signaling through prostaglandin E2 receptor subtype 2 (EP2) is associated with malignant tumor growth in both experimental models and cancer patients. Thus, the absence of EP2 receptors in host tissues appears to reduce tumor growth and systemic inflammation by inducing major alterations in gene expression levels across tumor tissue compartments. However, it is not yet well-established how signaling pathways in tumor tissue relate to simultaneous signaling alterations in the surrounding tumor-stroma, at conditions of reduced disease progression due to decreased host inflammation. In the present study, wild-type tumor cells, producing high levels of prostaglandin E2 (MCG 101 cells, EP2+/+), were inoculated into EP2 knockout (EP2−/−) and EP2 wild-type (EP2+/+) mice. Solid tumors were dissected into tumor- and tumor-stroma tissue compartments for RNA expression microarray screening, followed by metabolic pathway analyses. Immunohistochemistry was used to confirm adequate dissections of tissue compartments, and to assess cell proliferation (Ki-67), prostaglandin enzymes (cyclooxygenase 2) and immunity biomarkers (CD4 and CD8) at the protein level. Microarray analyses revealed statistically significant alterations in gene expression in the tumor-stroma compartment, while significantly less pathway alterations occurred in the tumor tissue compartment. The host knockout of EP2 receptors led to a significant downregulation of cell cycle regulatory factors in the tumor-stroma compartment, while interferon γ-related pathways, chemokine signaling pathways and anti-tumor chemokines [chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 9 and 10] were upregulated in the tumor compartment. Thus, such gene alterations were likely related to reduced tumor growth in EP2-deficient hosts. On the whole, pathway analyses of both tumor- and tumor-stroma compartments suggested that absence of host EP2 receptor signaling reduces ‘remodeling’ of tumor microenvironments and increase local immunity, probably by decreased productions of stimulating growth factors, perhaps similar to well-recognized physiological observations in wound healing.
Safety and potential increased risk of toxicity of radiotherapy combined immunotherapy strategy

Accumulating interest has emerged in exploring the toxicity profiles of the combination strategy of radiotherapy (RT) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Much remains unknown regarding safety and the potential increased risk of toxicity of a combined treatment. ICI prolongs survival but can induce immune‐related adverse events as well. To increase awareness of adverse effect and support immediate and successful management, we go over the literature on the safety of RT combined immunotherapy strategy. Representative evidence relevant to RT combined with ICI in the brain, lung, head and neck, and pelvic malignance was reviewed respectively. Given radiation doses and fractionation, the irradiated volume, the timing of RT, and ICI would significantly affect the safety and efficiency of ICI+RT combination therapy, and no consensus had been reached about how to arrange RT delivery in the combined contexture, we went over the available literature and tried to address these challenges including the timing of RT, optimal dose and fractionations, RT target and target volume, and potential biomarkers to predict toxicity. We found even though RT+ICI combination therapy might augment toxicities, the majority of patients experienced grade 4 or 5 AE are relatively rare and no significant difference could be found between combination group and monotherapy group. Sometimes the acute toxicity with ICI is much less predictable and often life threatening and in some can give rise to permanent effects. Clinicians across disciplines should be aware of these uncommon lethal complications induced by ICI+RT. Early recognition is the key to successful treatment, reversibility of organ dysfunction, and in some cases even prevention of fatal outcome. If recognized early, managed properly, and no fatal AE occurs, the development of irAE indicates a good prognosis. It should be noted that nothing is known about potential late effects because very few studies have 5‐year follow‐up.
Immune complex-mediated glomerulonephritis post COVID-19 vaccination in a patient with concomitant Brucellosis

COVID vaccinations have been an important step in controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite the fact they were generally safe and effective, a few case reports of renal disorders have been published following COVID vaccines. We report a 29-year-old man with history of Chronic Kidney Disease who presented to our center with flank pain after receiving AstraZeneca COVID vaccine. He also had history of raw milk ingestion. His initial investigations showed high creatinine with high level of proteinuria. A renal biopsy was consistent with immune complex-mediated glomerulonephritis on top of renal fibrosis. His brucella serology also showed high titer. He was started on treatment for Brucellosis and planned for follow-up afterwards for further therapy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of concomitant Brucellosis and post COVID vaccine glomerulonephritis.
Reducing voltage regulation in toroidal permanent-magnet generators by stator saturation

The output voltage of a permanent-magnet generator reduces on load because armature reaction mmf leads to reduced flux. The paper describes a simple solution which can greatly reduce the regulation and which is particularly applicable to `Torus' machines. If a stator core of reduced thickness is used, heavy saturation takes place on no-load so that, when load current flows, the armature reaction mmf simply reduces the degree of saturation. The stator coils then link the same rotating flux whether current is drawn or not and the terminal voltage is not greatly affected by armature reaction.
Public health and budget impacts of switching from a trivalent to a quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine in Paraguay

ABSTRACT This study aimed to investigate the public health and economic benefit of using a quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIV) instead of a trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV) in past seasons in Paraguay. The budget impact of switching from TIV to QIV in the Immunization Program was also evaluated. The adapted model includes two modules. The first compared retrospectively Health and Economic outcomes resulting from the use of QIV instead of TIV. The second forecast the spending and savings that would be associated with the switch from TIV to QIV. Our findings estimate that the switch from TIV to QIV during the seasons 2012 to 2017 could have prevented around 2,600 influenza cases, 67 hospitalizations and 10 deaths. An alternative scenario using standardized estimates of the burden of influenza showed that 234 influenza-related hospitalizations and 29 deaths could have been prevented. The estimated annual budget impact of a full switch from TIV to QIV was around USD1,6 million both from the payer and societal perspectives. Those results are mainly driven by vaccine prices and coverage rate. In sum, this manuscript describes how the use of QIV instead of TIV could have prevented influenza cases and subsequent complications that led to hospitalizations and deaths. This could have generated savings for the health system and society, offsetting part of the additional investment needed to switch from TIV to QIV.
Pengaruh dan Hubungan Struktur Organisasi, Budaya Organisasi dan Sumber Daya Manusia dengan Kinerja. Konteks: Bank Umum di Indonesia

Abstract Research on the influence and relationship of organizational structures, organizational culture and Human Resources (HR) with performance of commercial banks in Indonesia has been done. The research objective is to analyze the influence and correlation of organizational structure, organizational culture and human resources with performance of commercial banks in Indonesia by using multivariate regression and Spearman correlation to analize the data. The hypothesis was tested by using 84 respondents representing 84 commercial banks in Indonesia, which is obtained through online surveys with census sampling techniques. Results of multivariate regression and Spearman correlation show that organizational structure, organizational culture and HR have a significant influence and relationship with performance of commercial banks in Indonesia.