Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Złoże łupków pirytonośnych w Wieściszowicach na Dolnym Śląsku i próba wyświetlenia ich genezy

On the origin of pyrite schists at Wiesciszowice (Lower Silesia) W lupkach krystalicznych wieku algoncko-staropaleozoicznego, tworzących suprakrus talną oslone wokol granitu Karkonoszy na Dolnym Śląsku, wystepuje wąska strefa lupkow serycytowo-chlorytowych impregnowanych pirytem w formie falbandu. Autor podaje mikroskopowe opisy lupkow krystalicznych otaczających zloze i lupkow ze strefy okruszcowania. Schlorytyzowane amfibolity, albitoidy i porfiroidy albitowe wraz z ich tufami, towarzyszące serii rudnej, okazaly sie zlupkowaconymi wylewami podmorskimi spilito-keratofirowymi. Nad genezą zloza przeprowadzono dyskusje. Jest ono odpowiednikiem znanych zloz pirytowych na Uralu i na Kaukazie. Zloze nalezy do klasy zloz ekstruzywno-ekshalacyjno-osadowych i jest związane zgodnie z teorią J. A. Bilibina z początkowym magmatyzmem geosynklinalnym. The crystalline schists with pyrite occur at Wieściszowice 1 in the form of falbamd extending along the contact of the granite of the Karkonosze Mountains (fig. 1). It was thought that these schists were of sedimentary origin and had subsequently undergone recrystallization under the influence of regional metamorphism. In a provisional report S. Jaskolski (1961) set forth somewhat different opinion on the origin of this deposit, which in the present paper is the subject of more detailed considerations based mainly on its geological position, as well as on microscopie and petrographic studies.
The External Wealth of Nations

Abstract Although capital flows are closely monitored, surprisingly little is known about the accumulated stocks of foreign assets and liabilities held by various countries, especially in the developing world. This paper constructs estimates of foreign assets and liabilities and their equity and debt subcomponents for a sample of 67 industrial and developing countries. It characterizes the stylized facts of international balance sheets and asks whether there are trends in net foreign asset positions and shifts in debt-equity ratios over time. Finally, it explores the sensitivity of estimated stock positions to the treatment of valuation effects not captured in balance of payments data.
Spatial hotspot detection using polygon propagation

ABSTRACT Spatial scan statistics is one of the most important models in order to detect high activity or hotspots in real world applications such as epidemiology, public health, astronomy and criminology applications on geographic data. Traditional scan statistic uses regular shapes like circles to detect areas of high activity; the same model was extended to eclipses to improve the model. More recent works identify irregular shaped hotspots for data with geographical boundaries, where information about population within the geographical boundaries is available. With the introduction of better mapping technology, mapping individual cases to latitude and longitude became easier compared to aggregated data for which the previous models were developed. We propose an approach of spatial hotspot detection for point data set with no geographical boundary information. Our algorithm detects hotspots as a polygon made up of a set of triangles that are computed by a Polygon Propagation algorithm. The time complexity of the algorithm is non-linear to the number of observations, which does not scale well for larger datasets. To improve the model, we also introduce a MapReduce version of our algorithm to identify hotspots for larger datasets.
Influencia del espesor óptico de aerosol en el índice ultravioleta (uv) basado con el modelo tropospheric ultraviolet and visible (tuv) (Influence of aerosol optical thickness in the Ultraviolet (uv) index based with model tropospheric Ultraviolet and visible (tuv))

Objetivos: Evaluar la influencia del espesor optico de aerosol (EOA) en la radiacion ultravioleta (RUV) que incide en la Estacion Antartica Peruana Machu Picchu (ECAMP). Metodos: La investigacion fue descriptiva comparativa. El principal instrumento para evaluar el EOA fue el fotometro solar SP02-L para mediciones directas del sol con 4 sensores centrados en las longitudes de onda 412, 500, 675 y 862 nm Solo fueron utilizados el EOA a 500nm, como la distribucion vertical de ozono, altura y el albedo de la ubicacion. Con estos datos, el modelo genero datos cada minuto durante 24 horas durante el mes de enero de 2007, 2008 y febrero de 2013. Para su validacion se utilizaron mediciones en tierra, sincronizandolo con el radiometro espectral Ground-Based Ultraviolet (UV) GUV-511 Biospherical Inc., que brinda mediciones a 305, 320, 340 y 380 nm. Se determino el coeficiente de correlacion de Spearman para la evaluacion estadistica, como la influencia del EOA en la radiacion UV que incide en la Antartida. Resultados: Se determino una maxima y minima media de EOA de 0.1061 y 0.0616, respectivamente. Se reporto un coeficiente de correlacion con el modelo TUV y el instrumento GUV de 0.8776 (p>0.05) y se pudo validar el modelo TUV de la variacion horaria de la radiacion UV en esta ubicacion polar, y por ende comprobar la influencia de los aerosoles disminuyen un 30% del Indice UV por cada unidad de EOA. Conclusiones: Esto permitio implementar el modelo TUV para pronosticar la climatologia anual de la RUV en la ECAMP como la influencia de los aerosoles en la RUV que incide en las regiones polares.
CIPHERING REALITY: A PIONEERING LITERATURE REVIEW ON DEEPFAKE DETECTION VIA ENSEMBLE TECHNIQUES

With the increasing power of generative models, the creation of realistic deepfakes poses a growing threat to online trust and security. This review provides a comprehensive overview of deepfake detection techniques, analyzing their strengths, limitations and potential future directions. We categorize existing methods into data-driven, learning-based, and hybrid approaches for cost and performance examining their underlying principles, training requirements, and performance metrics. We discuss the key challenges faced in deepfake detection, including data scarcity, domain shift, and evolving adversarial techniques. This review helps us to gain exposure to the critical outlining areas in the current state-of-the-art mechanisms while preserving trust in genuine media, paving the way for a more secure digital future.
Single-Switch Transformer-less Power Supply for Low Temperature Plasma Jet – 3.3 kV SiC MOSFET opportunities

This work presents a simple power converter, without any high voltage transformer, able to supply and control a plasma jet based on dielectric barrier discharge. The converter, operating in pulsed current mode, requires a single power switch and is fed by a low voltage DC source. It can deliver very short duration pulses to the plasma jet with high current amplitude. The operating principle is explained by means of the state plane analysis and is validated with simulations and experimental results. The equations provided allow for the calculation during the design stage of important characteristics of the plasma jet as the peak voltage and the duration of the pulses. The power can be easily adjusted during experimentation to comply with the desired appearance of the plasma jet.
Estimate of the Providing of Iron in Adolescents Consuming Tap Water with Increased Iron Content

Iron contamination of drinking water in municipal water supply systems is recognized as a risk factor for impairment of public health. Tap water in the city of Vladivostok has increased iron content (more 0.8 mg /l). The aim of this study was the medical assessment of the actual average daily dose (AADD) of iron consumed by Vladivostok residents with all sources its per oral administration. Present study was performed in February 2017. A random sample of 183 adolescents from 14 to 17 years old from Vladivostok municipal schools was investigated. Daily consumption of tap water, 85 trade names of bottled water, 21 groups of food products and dishes were studied by questionnaire method. The iron content in foods and drinking waters was taken according to the national reference tables and laboratory data. It was established that the iron AADD values among adolescent population were equal about 17 mg/day, what is harmless to the health. At the same time the frequency of iron intake deficiency was 18.37 (boys) and 64.58 (girls) cases per 100 people. It has been found that, against the background of an excessive of the iron content in tap water (up to 2.7 MAC) according to organoleptic limiting sign of harmfulness, the occurrence of deficit of its consumption in boys and girls is due to low consumption levels of foods with the highly bioavailable iron: eggs, animal meat and poultry meat.
Circulation‐Conditioned Wintertime Temperature Bias in EURO‐CORDEX Regional Climate Models Over Central Europe

We analyze circulation‐conditioned wintertime temperature biases in regional climate models (RCMs) over Central Europe and link them to simulation of cold days. Daily minimum and maximum temperatures from the European Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment RCMs are evaluated against reference data from the E‐OBS gridded data set. Flow direction is analyzed through u‐ and v‐wind components at the 850‐hPa pressure level taken from the ERA‐Interim reanalysis. Cloud cover and snow‐area fraction from the same reanalysis are used to associate the temperature biases with physical mechanisms. Distribution of flow directions during cold days is evaluated using efficiency coefficients, calculated as ratios of the relative abundance of flow directions during cold days and their wintertime climatology. RCMs driven by the reanalysis have both positive and negative minimum temperature biases, ranging from +0.7 to −2.7 °C. By contrast, all reanalysis‐driven RCMs have negative maximum temperature biases, especially during northerly and westerly advection, which is probably related to overestimated cloud cover. The too‐cold westerly and northerly flows are associated with an overestimated number of cold days and relatively high values of efficiency coefficients under these directions. Efficiency coefficients are simulated better under southeasterly advection, during which the temperature bias tends to be the lowest. The results suggest that simulated cold events should be analyzed and interpreted with caution, since they may develop also under zonal flow in some models, which contradicts observations.
A new species of Svistella Gorochov, 1987 from Xizang, China (Orthoptera, Trigonidiidae, Trigonidiinae)

﻿Abstract The genus Svistella Gorochov, 1987 includes 10 species from Asia, with nine documented in China. In this study, a new species, Svistellayayun He, sp. nov., is described from Xizang, China. Morphologically, it resembles S.rufonotata (Chopard, 1932) but can be distinguished by a smaller inner tympanum, dark-brown setae on the 5th segment of the maxillary palp, and a rounded apex on the ectoparamere. To validate our morphological inferences and support the description of S.yayunsp. nov. as a new species, we performed a PCA based on bioacoustics parameters and molecular analysis. All Svistella species documented in China are distinguished by integrating their songs and DNA barcoding.
Flexible gold standards for transcription factor regulatory interactions in Escherichia coli K-12: architecture of evidence types

Post-genomic implementations have expanded the experimental strategies to identify elements involved in the regulation of transcription initiation. Here, we present for the first time a detailed analysis of the sources of knowledge supporting the collection of transcriptional regulatory interactions (RIs) of Escherichia coli K-12. An RI groups the transcription factor, its effect (positive or negative) and the regulated target, a promoter, a gene or transcription unit. We improved the evidence codes so that specific methods are incorporated and classified into independent groups. On this basis we updated the computation of confidence levels, weak, strong, or confirmed, for the collection of RIs. These updates enabled us to map the RI set to the current collection of HT TF-binding datasets from ChIP-seq, ChIP-exo, gSELEX and DAP-seq in RegulonDB, enriching in this way the evidence of close to one-quarter (1329) of RIs from the current total 5446 RIs. Based on the new computational capabilities of our improved annotation of evidence sources, we can now analyze the internal architecture of evidence, their categories (experimental, classical, HT, computational), and confidence levels. This is how we know that the joint contribution of HT and computational methods increase the overall fraction of reliable RIs (the sum of confirmed and strong evidence) from 49% to 71%. Thus, the current collection has 3912 reliable RIs, with 2718 or 70% of them with classical evidence which can be used to benchmark novel HT methods. Users can selectively exclude the method they want to benchmark, or keep for instance only the confirmed interactions. The recovery of regulatory sites in RegulonDB by the different HT methods ranges between 33% by ChIP-exo to 76% by ChIP-seq although as discussed, many potential confounding factors limit their interpretation. The collection of improvements reported here provides a solid foundation to incorporate new methods and data, and to further integrate the diverse sources of knowledge of the different components of the transcriptional regulatory network. There is no other genomic database that offers this comprehensive high-quality architecture of knowledge supporting a corpus of transcriptional regulatory interactions.
A Comparative Study of different Diagnostic Modalities, ZN Stain, Culture and TrueNat for the detection of Pulmonary TB in Sputum Sample and To Study their Co - infection with HIV at a Tertiary Care Hospital

: Introduction: Tuberculosis is an airborne disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) that usually affects the lungs. People having HIV infection are 15 - 22 times more likely to develop active TB. For diagnosis of TB, Sputum smear microscopy with ZN staining is the most commonly used test but it has low sensitivity, while culture on LJ media remains the gold standard is time consuming and require special procedure to give positive results. On the other side faster and simple Nucleic Acid Amplification Technique (TrueNaT) due to its rapidity and sensitivity not only help in early diagnosis of TB especially in HIV patients but also detects drug resistance TB. Aim: To evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of smear examination, LJ culture and TrueNat with sputum sample in patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis and comparison of all three different techniques and to screening the patients for Co - infection of HIV. Material and Methods: This prospective study was carried out using 100 sputum samples of suspected pulmonary TB patients. All the samples were subjected to ZN stain, LJ culture and TrueNat test. For HIV testing by rapid card, One 5 mL blood sample from confirmed TB patients have taken and processed according to the guidelines of National Aids Control Organization (NACO). Results: Out of 100 sputum samples, 36 (36%) patients were positive by ZN stain, 53 (53%) by LJ culture and 60 (60%) as per TrueNat. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of LJ culture were 62.2%, 100%, 100% and 70.1%, respectively. Whereas ZN stain showed the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of 83.3%, 100%, 100% and 91.4%, respectively. In the case of TrueNat the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV were 91%, 100%, 100% and 88%, respectively. Out of 100 patients 6 were HIV reactive and 10 patients were MDR detected by TrueNaT. Conclusion: In our study, ZN stain is rapid and inexpensive and it is better than LJ culture, while the sensitivity of TrueNat is much higher than the ZN stain and culture. So TrueNat is best tool for the early diagnosis of TB and simultaneously detect Rifampicin resistance.
A survey on 3D object detection in real time for autonomous driving

This survey reviews advances in 3D object detection approaches for autonomous driving. A brief introduction to 2D object detection is first discussed and drawbacks of the existing methodologies are identified for highly dynamic environments. Subsequently, this paper reviews the state-of-the-art 3D object detection techniques that utilizes monocular and stereo vision for reliable detection in urban settings. Based on depth inference basis, learning schemes, and internal representation, this work presents a method taxonomy of three classes: model-based and geometrically constrained approaches, end-to-end learning methodologies, and hybrid methods. There is highlighted segment for current trend of multi-view detectors as end-to-end methods due to their boosted robustness. Detectors from the last two kinds were specially selected to exploit the autonomous driving context in terms of geometry, scene content and instances distribution. To prove the effectiveness of each method, 3D object detection datasets for autonomous vehicles are described with their unique features, e. g. , varying weather conditions, multi-modality, multi camera perspective and their respective metrics associated to different difficulty categories. In addition, we included multi-modal visual datasets, i. e. , V2X that may tackle the problems of single-view occlusion. Finally, the current research trends in object detection are summarized, followed by a discussion on possible scope for future research in this domain.
Importance of kabuyutan sacred natural sites as biodiversity hotspots in West Java Province, Indonesia

We aimed to highlight the current condition and the potential of 33 kabuyutan in Ciomas Village, Indonesia. The ethnobotanical approaches were used to identify plant species. Through the free listing method, about 332 plant species were reported and a third four of them existed in kabuyutan. The findings strengthened the potential of kabuyutan to be local biodiversity hotspots which would support the global conservation strategy. However, more than half of species were exotic. We suggested that dissemination of knowledge is essential to nourish people's awareness in dealing with locality and environmental conservation by encouraging and strengthening the custodian’s role.
Spatial Correlation of Contact Angle and Curvature in Pore‐Space Images

We study the in situ distributions of contact angle and oil/brine interface curvature measured within millimeter‐sized rock samples from a producing hydrocarbon carbonate reservoir imaged after waterflooding using X‐ray microtomography. We analyze their spatial correlation combining automated methods for measuring contact angles and interfacial curvature (AlRatrout et al., 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2017.07.018), with a recently developed method for pore‐network extraction (Raeini et al., 2017, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.96.013312). The automated methods allow us to study image volumes of diameter approximately 1.9 mm and 1.2 mm long, obtaining hundreds of thousands of values from a data set with 435 million voxels. We calculate the capillary pressure based on the mode oil/brine interface curvature value and associate this value with a nearby throat in the pore space. We demonstrate the capability of our methods to distinguish different wettability states in the samples studied: water‐wet, weakly oil‐wet, and mixed‐wet. The contact angle and oil/brine interface curvature are spatially correlated over approximately the scale of an average pore. There is a wide distribution of contact angles within a single pore. A range of local oil/brine interface curvature is found with both positive and negative values. There is a correlation between interfacial curvature and contact angle in trapped ganglia, with ganglia in water‐wet patches tending to have a positive curvature and oil‐wet regions seeing negative curvature. We observed a weak correlation between average contact angle and pore size, with the larger pores tending to be more oil‐wet.
Effects of common lifestyle factors on obstructive sleep apnea: precautions in daily life based on causal inferences

Background This study aimed to evaluate the causal impact of common modifiable lifestyles on obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), which is beneficial for recommendations to prevent and manage OSA. Method Published genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics were used to perform two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR). Variants associated with each exposure of smoking, drinking, and leisure sedentary behaviors at the genetic level were used as instrumental variables (IVs). Then, inverse-variance weighting (IVW) was considered the primary result for causality. Moreover, several complimented approaches were also included to verify the observed associations. MR-PRESSO and MR-Egger intercept were applied to test the horizontal pleiotropy. To assess heterogeneity, Cochran's Q test by IVW and MR-Egger were applied. Results Regular smoking history increased OSA risk in all applied approaches [OR (95% CI)IVW = 1.28 (1.12, 1.45), p = 1.853 × 10−4], while the causality of lifetime smoking index [OR (95% CI)IVW = 1.39 (1.00, 1.91), p = 0.048], alcohol intake frequency [outliers removed OR (95% CI)IVW = 1.26 (1.08, 1.45), p = 0.002], and coffee intake behavior [OR (95% CI)IVW = 1.66 (1.03, 2.68), p = 0.039] on OSA risk were not always consistent in other approaches. In addition, no robust causal associations were observed for the effect of sedentary leisure behaviors on OSA risk. In sensitivity analysis, we observed no sign of horizontal pleiotropy or heterogeneity. Conclusion Ever regularly smoking has a robust causal role in increasing OSA risk, which should be discouraged as precautions from developing OSA.
Investigating the Role of Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) and N-Terminal-proBNP in Thrombosis and Acute Ischemic Stroke Etiology

The need for biomarkers for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) to understand the mechanisms implicated in pathological clot formation is critical. The levels of the brain natriuretic peptides known as brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and NT-proBNP have been shown to be increased in patients suffering from heart failure and other heart conditions. We measured their expression in AIS clots of cardioembolic (CE) and large artery atherosclerosis (LAA) etiology, evaluating their location inside the clots, aiming to uncover their possible role in thrombosis. We analyzed 80 thrombi from 80 AIS patients in the RESTORE registry of AIS clots, 40 of which were of CE and 40 of LAA etiology. The localization of BNP and NT-BNP, quantified using immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence, in AIS-associated white blood cell subtypes was also investigated. We found a statistically significant positive correlation between BNP and NT-proBNP expression levels (Spearman’s rho = 0.668 p < 0.0001 *). We did not observe any statistically significant difference between LAA and CE clots in BNP expression (0.66 [0.13–3.54]% vs. 0.53 [0.14–3.07]%, p = 0.923) or in NT-proBNP expression (0.29 [0.11–0.58]% vs. 0.18 [0.05–0.51]%, p = 0.119), although there was a trend of higher NT-proBNP expression in the LAA clots. It was noticeable that BNP was distributed throughout the thrombus and especially within platelet-rich regions. However, NT-proBNP colocalized with neutrophils, macrophages, and T-lymphocytes, suggesting its association with the thrombo-inflammatory process.