Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nectar provision attracts hummingbirds and connects interaction networks across habitats

Many ecosystems have been modi ﬁ ed by humans, creating novel habitats that include human-provided resources. Gardens adjacent to native habitats may affect plant – pollinator interactions by altering the determinants of interactions and species specialization. Here, we characterized a network comprising plants and hummingbirds interacting in a birdwatching garden with human-provided resources (nectar feeders and exotic plants) and adjacent Andean cloud forest in Colombia. Speci ﬁ cally, we investigated the proportion of hummingbirds visiting feeders and native/exotic plants to evaluate the connection between the habitats and the ecological determinants of the interaction network. Hummingbirds relied heavily on arti ﬁ cial nectar feeders in the garden, leaving the natural cloud forest for resources. Morphological matching was the single most important predictor of the observed pairwise interactions, for both hummingbirds and plants. At the species level, longer ﬂ owering phenology and a higher amount of sugar in nectar led to a higher degree for plants (i.e. the number of visiting hummingbird species). In contrast, a longer ﬂ oral corolla was associated with lower specialization. Abundance was the best predictor of the number of partners for hummingbirds. The garden created for birdwatching attracted most, but not all, hummingbird species beyond their natural cloud forest habitat. Interestingly, the most frequently visited plants in the garden were native, especially the endemic and endangered tree Zygia lehmannii (Fabaceae). Our results show that some ecological mechanisms determining interactions in natural communities still hold in intensively modi ﬁ ed habitats. Furthermore, a compromise between conservation and hummingbirds ’ attraction to birding lodges/gardens is possible, for instance by favouring native and endemic plant species that are highly attractive for pollinators.
Total‐evidence phylogeny of the coastal Cafius complex (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) and its new generic concepts

The marine littoral rove beetle genus Cafius Stephens and related genera have been known to be an extraordinarily heterogeneous group and are taxonomically dispersed among several lineages of coastal Staphylininae. A phylogenetic analysis of this Cafius complex is performed based on morphological and molecular characters in order to classify them into lower taxonomic categories and to establish a robust generic concept. The data set was comprised of 94 morphological characters for 50 species, and partial COI, COII, 12S rDNA, 16S rDNA, AK, TP and nearly complete sequences of 18S rDNA for 44 species. The Cafius complex was strongly supported as a monophylum by all analyses. However, the genus Cafius and nearly all of its subgenera were not supported as being monophyletic. All analyses of combined data and concatenated molecular data showed the monophyly of four major clades nested inside Cafius (A–D). Clade E was supported only by the Bayesian analysis of combined data. The genus Phucobius was recovered as a monophylum within the Cafius complex but nested in clade D in all analyses. The genus Remus was not monophyletic but formed a clade including three other Cafius species (clade E3) within the Cafius complex in all analyses. The genus Thinocafius formed a monophylum with three other New Zealand Cafius species (clade B) within the Cafius complex in all analyses except for morphological trees. Some criteria for generic concepts within the Cafius complex are discussed. A single monophyletic genus with three new generic synonyms, and 10 new combinations are proposed.
The Impact of Viewers’ Behavior and YouTubers’ Credibility in Advertainment on Building Consumer Trust

Advertainment is an upcoming concept in the current scenario combining two concepts called Advertising and Entertainment. This concept has helped modern day YouTubers to reach maximum customers within a short period. This study can facilitate spotting the factors of advertainment that have influenced on building client trust by YouTubers in Sri Lanka. In the recent years, YouTuber advertainment has become a trending advertising concept in Sri Lanka to grab the viewer’s attention as people are extremely tired of TV commercials and they tend to ignore them. However, the TV commercials were able to build the consumer trust by showing them repeatedly on traditional media. Therefore, will the YouTuber’s advertainment would also help to build consumer trust. In order to measure the impact of YouTuber advertainment on building consumer trust, viewers’ behavior and YouTubers credibility were selected as two variables. A quantitative approach was used as the research approach and data were collected via internet questionnaires and snowball sampling was used as the sampling method. The target population will be the young adults in Sri Lanka age 15 to 34 year olds who follow YouTubers content online. The results of this research revealed that viewers’ behavior has no impact on building consumer trust whereas YouTuber’s credibility has an impact on building consumer trust. Therefore, the YouTubers in Sri Lanka should maintain their Credibility among the community when creating their content of advertainment
Optimal Design of Thinned Array Using a Hybrid Genetic Algorithm

In this paper, a hybrid genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed for thinning a two-dimensional planar array by combining the conventional GA with moving least squares (MLS). This enhances the convergence rate and the global search performance. The MLS method is used to estimate local interpolation functions from non-uniform sample data (the population and the value of the objective function in the GA)
Photogating-driven enhanced responsivity in a few-layered ReSe2 phototransistor

The paper presents a thorough investigation of photoconductive properties of few layers of rhenium diselenide (ReSe2). A correlation between responsivity (R) and power exponent (γ) indicates localized trap states plays a crucial role in photocurrent generation, commonly known as photogating. These trap states can be modulated by external factors such as temperature and gate voltage.
Checklist para indicação de ventilação não invasiva em idosos pós-acidente vascular cerebral

Objetivo: Construir e validar um checklist para indicação de ventilação não invasiva em idosos pós-acidente vascular cerebral. Método: Estudo metodológico realizado de outubro a novembro de 2017 em um hospital geral do Estado da Paraíba, Brasil. Foram instituídos dois grupos de participantes, sendo o primeiro denominado GD (grupo de doutores e experts em fisioterapia respiratória) e o segundo GF (grupo de fisioterapeutas atuantes em assistência cardiorrespiratória com pessoas idosas), sendo tais grupos compostos por 10 participantes cada. Após a emissão dos pareceres dos participantes do GD e do GF, foi elaborado o checklist. Resultados: Existe viabilidade de aplicação clínica do checklist e este pode auxiliar nas tomadas de decisões. Sua relevância foi demonstrada por meio de significância estatística (p=0,007), com possibilidade de aplicação em curto tempo (p=0,0001); quanto a abrangência de conteúdo, 50% dos participantes (n=10) relataram que o checklist é abrangente e 50% (n=10) afirmaram que é necessário acréscimo de conteúdo; todos os participantes foram unânimes que o instrumento tem boa apresentação, é objetivo, coerente e claro em seu conteúdo (n=20; 100%). Conclusão: Observou-se a importância do instrumento na tomada de decisão na indicação de ventilação não invasiva em idosos pós-acidente vascular cerebral. O checklist é um recurso tecnológico que contribui para esta tomada de decisão, facilita a prática profissional e serve como base para novas políticas públicas, pois proporciona benefícios à saúde da pessoa idosa, além de gerar menor tempo de internação e evitar a piora no quadro do idoso pós-acidente vascular cerebral.
Design of a MIMO Antenna with High Gain and Enhanced Isolation for WLAN Applications

A multi-input multi-output (MIMO) antenna for wireless local area network (WLAN) applications operating in 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz frequency bands is proposed in this paper. The proposed dual-band MIMO antenna is composed of two symmetrical radiation elements, and the isolation performance is improved by adopting parasitic elements and a defective ground plane. The measured reflection coefficients are less than −10 dB in the bandwidth range of 2.12–2.8 GHz and 4.95–6.65 GHz, respectively. The measurements show excellent isolation of −21 dB and −15 dB in both desired frequency bands, respectively. The total peak gain is greater than 4.8 dBi. The calculated envelope correlation coefficients (ECC), based on the measured S-parameters, are smaller than 0.01 and 0.024 in the lower and higher frequency bands, respectively. The dimension of the presented antenna occupies 50 × 40 × 1.59 mm3. It is suitable for IEEE 802.11 a/b/g/n (2.4–2.4835 GHz, 5.15–5.35 GHz and 5.725–5.85 GHz) WLAN applications.
Correlation between acute ischaemic stroke clot length before mechanical thrombectomy and extracted clot area: Impact of thrombus size on number of passes for clot removal and final recanalization

Introduction We assessed the correlation between thrombus size before and after mechanical thrombectomy, measured as length by Computed Tomography Angiography/Non-Contrast Computed Tomography (CTA/NCCT) and Extracted Clot Area, ECA, respectively. We also assessed the influence of thrombus size on the number of passes required for clot removal and final recanalization outcome. Materials and methods Acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) thrombi retrieved by mechanical thrombectomy from 500 patients and data of clot length by CTA/NCCT were collected from three hospitals in Europe. ECA was obtained by measuring the area of the extracted clot. Non-parametric tests were used for data analysis. Results A strong positive correlation was found between clot length on CTA/NCCT and ECA (rho = 0.619,N = 500,P < 0.0001*). Vessel size influences clot length on CTA/NCCT (H2 = 98.6, P < 0.0001*) and ECA (H2 = 105.6,P < 0.0001*), but the significant correlation between CTA/NCCT length and ECA was evident in all vessels. Poorer revascularisation outcome was associated with more passes (H5 = 73.1, P < 0.0001*). More passes were required to remove longer clots (CTA/NCCT; H4 = 31.4, P < 0.0001*; ECA; H4 = 50.2, P < 0.0001*). There was no significant main association between recanalization outcome and length on CTA/NCCT or ECA, but medium sized clots (ECA 20–40 mm2) were associated with least passes and highest revascularisation outcome (N = 500, X2 = 16.2, P < 0.0001*). Conclusion Clot length on CTA/NCCT strongly correlates with ECA. Occlusion location influences clot size. More passes are associated with poorer revascularisation outcome and bigger clots. The relationship between size and revascularisation outcome is more complex. Clots of medium ECA take less passes to remove and are associated with better recanalization outcome than both smaller and larger clots.
A Novel Distributed Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning Algorithm Against Jamming Attacks

In a multi-user wireless network under jamming attacks, self-interested users trying to learn their best anti-jamming strategy encounter a major problem, which is interference. An interesting solution is for users to learn anti-jamming techniques cooperatively, which can be achieved using a distributed learning algorithm. In this context, works proposing distributed learning algorithms to overcome jamming in multi-user applications, rely on the availability of a safe communication link to exchange information between users. However, if this communication link wireless, assuming that this link is safe against jamming attacks would not be accurate. Consequently, we propose a novel distributed multi-agent reinforcement learning algorithm for anti-jamming, namely Cross-Check Q-learning, where users build estimates of each other’s decision-making policies and adapt to them, therefore eliminating their need to communicate. When applied against both sweeping and smart jammers, our algorithm provides users with a better understanding of their environment and helps them learn the attacker’s policy and effectively avoid mutual interference. The proposed method’s transmission rates and interference levels is compared with the standard Q-learning, the collaborative multi-agent algorithm, and random policy. Simulation results show that our algorithm improves the users’ transmission rates, eliminates mutual interference, and has the highest convergence speed under the two considered jamming attacks.
Tobin’s Q approximation as a metric of firm performance: an empirical evaluation

ABSTRACT Marketing scholars commonly use Tobin’s Q approximation as a metric of firm performance despite criticism that it might provide false positives for marketing-related research questions. Tobin’s Q approximation relies on accounting-based information that commonly undervalues intangibles, thus overstating firms’ performance in intangibles, such as marketing, human resources, and research and development. Our research empirically demonstrates and confirms the concerns surrounding Tobin’s Q as a firm performance metric in the context of an emerging market. Our analysis of 196 publicly traded non-financial Pakistani firms operating in various sectors over a period of five years shows that marketing spending is positively associated with Tobin’s Q. In contrast, results are not significant for the alternative market-based firm performance metric, stock return. Our findings cast further doubts on Tobin’s Q’s reliability as a firm performance metric in the marketing literature and simultaneously contribute to the ongoing discussion on the appropriate selection and use of metrics by marketing scholars.
Effects of Rocket Seed Oil, Wheat Germ Oil, and Their Mixture on Growth Performance, Feed Utilization, Digestibility, Redox Status, and Meat Fatty Acid Profile of Growing Rabbits

Vegetable oils are a source of natural antioxidants, including tocopherols, sterols, phenolic compounds, coenzymes, and polyunsaturated fatty acids that provide nutritional value, organoleptic properties, and significantly delay or prevent lipid oxidation. Eighty-four V-line rabbits at 5 weeks of age with an initial body weight (BW) of 535.60 ± 13.48 g were assigned randomly to four experimental groups (seven replicates in each group with three rabbits each). The first group served as a control and received 0.3 mL/kg BW of distilled water (CON), while the second and third groups received 0.3 mL/kg BW of rocket seed oil (RSO) and wheat germ oil (WGO), respectively. The fourth group received a mixture of oils consisting of 0.15 mL of RSO and 0.15 mL of WGO/kg BW (MOs). The experiment lasted 7 weeks. The study investigated the effects of RSO, WGO, and their mixture on growth performance, feed utilization, antioxidant status, and immune response of growing rabbits. The results indicated that the rabbits that were administered orally with RSO and WGO or their mixture had higher (p ≤ 0.05) final BW, weight gain, and average daily gain when compared to the control group. In addition, the feed conversion ratio improved significantly with RSO, WGO, and MOs treatments. Different oil treatments improved nutrient digestibility, nutritive value, and nitrogen balance. Moreover, the rabbits that received RSO, WGO, and their mixture had an improvement the meat fatty acid composition compared to the control rabbits. Oral administration of RSO, WGO, and their mixture significantly improved serum protein fractions, decreased blood urea nitrogen, and had a positive effect on serum total lipids, HDL-c, and LDL-c. Furthermore, the treatments of RSO, WGO, and MOs had a significant improvement in the antioxidative status and immune response.
Brief communication: Ice sheet elevation measurements from the Sentinel-3A and Sentinel-3B tandem phase

Abstract. Over the coming decade, the quartet of Copernicus Sentinel-3 satellite altimeters will provide a continuous record of ice sheet elevation change. Ensuring consistency of measurement between the four satellites requires rigorous in-flight inter-comparison. To facilitate this, Sentinel-3B was initially flown in a unique tandem formation with Sentinel-3A, enabling near-instantaneous, co-located measurements of surface elevation to be acquired. Here, we analyse tandem measurements of ice sheet elevation, to show that both instruments operate with statistically equivalent accuracy and precision, even over complex ice margin terrain. This analysis demonstrates that both satellites can be used interchangeably to study ice sheet evolution.
Interactions between PLA, PE and wood flour: effects of compatibilizing agents and ionic liquids

Abstract The differences in hydrophilicity are a main drawback for wood polymer composites (WPCs). This work aims at compatibilizing bio-derived poly(lactic acid) (PLA), high density polyethylene (PE) and wood fibers (WFs) with either functional PEs [PE-graft-maleic anhydride (MA) (Polybond 3029) or random copolymer of ethylene and glycidyl methacrylate (PE-g-GMA) (Lotader AX8840)] or trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bistriflamide ionic liquid (IL). The interactions and possible chemical reactions between PLA and functional PE or IL were studied including their mechanical properties. PE-g-GMA significantly increased elongation at break of PLA. According to scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the latter also displays good compatibility with WF. Addition of IL plastifies PLA without degrading it and improves the thermal stability of WF.
Cryptococcal Meningitis and Its Optimal Antifungal Therapy

Cryptococcal meningitis is the major life threatening opportunistic infection and is caused by Cryptococcus neoformans. Severe headache and with or without fever is the characteristic feature in patients with cryptococcal meningitis. Headache is seen in > 75% while Fever is seen in only 65% of the patients. For the diagnosis of cryptococcal infection neuroimaging of the brain, India ink, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) culture is considered. We report a case of cryptococcal meningitis who’s cryptococcal antigen testing was positive and India ink examination showed the cells resembling cryptococcus and he was treated with antifungal drugs mainly the combination therapy showed better outcome. Key words: Cryptococcal meningitis, Amphotericin B, Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
The Negative Contingency Illusion: A Cognitive Bias Leading to Misjudgement of Protection

Humans possess a highly adaptive ability to draw inferences about the world by recognizing meaningful links between stimuli and events: making contingency judgements. We describe a systematic bias in contingency judgements that we label the negative contingency illusion in which individuals falsely judge a cue to be protective against an outcome. We demonstrate that the illusion arises when outcome probability is low and occurs when there is no actual relationship between cue and outcome and even when there is a modest positive relationship between cue and outcome. Such misjudgements may lead individuals to superstitious beliefs and could have major public health implications if they lead to the belief in and promotion of treatments that are ineffective or deleterious to the prevention and treatment of illness.
Longevity traits of Shami and Holstein Cows in Syria

This research aimed to study the effect of age at first calving (AFC) and first lactation milk yield (FLMY) on the longevity traits of Shami and Holstein cows under the Syrian environment and estimate longevity traits for both breeds. The complete records from birth to voluntary culling were collected for 569 Shami cows and 1699 Holstein cows during the period from 1982 to 2014 at two experimental stations, Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, Syria. Data were analyzed using the General Linear Model (XLSTAT, 2020). The least square means of lifespan (LS), productive life (PL), a number of calvings (NC), lifetime milk production (LMP), and lifetime daily milk production (LDMP) were 93.7±0.14 months, 63.2±34 months, 4.2±0.14, 7683±0.14 kg, 2.6±0.14 kg for Shami cows, respectively. The corresponding values for Holstein cows were: 61.9±0.14 months, 31.6±34 months, 2.6±0.14, 10246±0.14 kg, 4.4±0.14 kg, respectively. The effect of AFC was significant on all studied traits except LS trait. Whereas, FLMY effect was significant only on LMP and LDMP traits. It was concluded that Shami cows had longer LS, PL, NC traits than Holstein ones, but their LMP and DLMY were lower. Reduction of AFC for Shami and Holstein cows to less than or equals to 25 months could be a proper management policy to improve each of PL, NC, LMP and LDMY. FLMY was found as an indicator for LMP and LDMY of Shami and Holstein cows.
Spatiotemporal Reflectance Fusion via Tensor Sparse Representation

Tradeoffs between the spatial and temporal resolutions of current satellite instruments limit our ability to conduct high-quality and continuous monitoring of the earth’s surface dynamics. Spatiotemporal image fusion has become increasingly necessary to obtain remote sensing images with high spatiotemporal resolution. However, current learning-based methods concentrate on predicting images only from spatial similarity and neglect spectral correlations of remote sensing images, leading to significant spectral information loss. In this article, we develop a novel nonlocal tensor sparse representation-based semicoupled dictionary learning approach (SCDNTSR) for spatiotemporal fusion. In the SCDNTSR method, the spectral correlation and the spatial similarity of the nonlocal similar cubes are simultaneously exploited through the tensor–tensor product-based tensor sparse representation. Furthermore, the semicoupled mapping prior knowledge of sparse coefficients across the high- and low-spatial resolution (HSR\LSR) image spaces is exploited with the coupled dictionary to constrain the similarity of sparse coefficients to improve the prediction performance. In addition, to capture additional prior spatial information, the SCDNTSR provides a new method to determine the degradation relationship between the target HSR and LSR difference images with the help of the known HSR and LSR difference images. The proposed SCDNTSR method was tested on real datasets at both the Coleambally Irrigation Area study site and the Lower Gwydir Catchment study site. Results show that the proposed method outperforms five state-of-the-art methods, especially in maintaining the spectral information, proving the feasibility of integrating the degradation relationship, spatio-spectral-nonlocal correlation, and semicoupled mapping priors of the multisource data into the proposed model.
Community Reintegration of Repeat Female Offenders in County Jails

Abstract Repeat female offenders’ community transitions following incarceration, and their subsequent return to jail were investigated. Specifically examined were needs at release and whether unmet needs, personal history and post-discharge factors were associated with time out. Interviews were conducted with 160 jailed women. Hierarchical regression was used to examine factors associated with time out. Women present myriad needs at release that often go unmet; transportation and employment appear most salient. Time out was positively related to age, employment, and mental health treatment, and negatively associated with sexual violence. Coordinated efforts between jails and community-based providers are needed for women’s successful reentry.