Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Machine-learning construction of a model for a macroscopic fluid variable using the delay-coordinate of a scalar observable

We construct a data-driven dynamical system model for a macroscopic variable the Reynolds number of a high-dimensionally chaotic fluid flow by training its scalar time-series data. We use a machine-learning approach, the reservoir computing for the construction of the model, and do not use the knowledge of a physical process of fluid dynamics in its procedure. It is confirmed that an inferred time-series obtained from the model approximates the actual one in each of various time-intervals, and that some characteristics of the chaotic invariant set mimic the actual ones. We investigate the appropriate choice of the delay-coordinate, especially the delay-time and the dimension, which enables us to construct a model having a relatively high-dimensional attractor easily.
Asymmetric Talbot-Lau interferometry for inertial sensing

We study in detail a peculiar configuration of the Talbot-Lau matter wave interferometer, characterised by unequal distances between the two diffraction gratings and the observation plane. We refer to this apparatus as the "asymmetric Talbot-Lau setup". Particular attention is given to its capabilities as an inertial sensor for particle and atomic beams, also in comparison with the classical moir\'e deflectometer. The present analysis is motivated by possible experimental applications in the context of antimatter wave interferometry, including the measurement of the gravitational acceleration of antimatter particles. To support our findings, we have performed numerical simulations of realistic particle beams with varying speed distributions.
A 4-Term Exponential-Quadratic Approximation for Gaussian Q or Error Functions Accurate to $1.65\times 10^{-4}$

Integrals on $[0,\infty)$ where the integrand is of the form $Q^m(a\sqrt{x})\,{\rm p}(x)$, where $Q$ is the Gaussian $Q$ function, ${\rm p}(\cdot)$ a Gamma PDF, $m$ a positive integer and $a>0$; or of the form $\erf^m(ax+b)\,x^n\exp(-c^2x^2+2dx)$, where $\erf(x)$ is the error function, and $n$ a non-negative integer, arise in performance modelling of communication and machine learning systems. Such integrals cannot be evaluated analytically in general, but they are reducible to a key integral whose integrand is $\erf(ax+b)\,{\rm N}(x;m,s)$ where ${\rm N}()$ is a Gaussian PDF with mean $m$ and variance $s$. Seeking an efficient and accurate evaluation method, we develop a new 4-term exponential quadratic approximator (EQA) for the error function that includes both linear and quadratic terms in its exponents. The EQA minimises a sum-of-squares cost function with two ``spline-type'' constraints, i.e., constraints on the function value and its first derivative. This 12-parameter constrained optimisation problem is reduced to an unconstrained 8-parameter one by inverting a 4-D linear system, then solved by gradient descent. The resulting approximator has a maximum absolute error of $1.65\times 10^{-4}$ on the real line, and outperforms many other exponential sum approximators for $\erf(x)$ on $x\in[0,1.5]$ and for $Q(x)$ on $x\in[0,2]$. Moreover, due to its functional form, the EQA leads to an analytical formula for the key integral that is accurate to 3 to 4 significant figures when compared with known special cases or computationally intensive Monte Carlo integration. The EQA can equally be used to obtain closed forms for the average symbol error probability of various modulation schemes on Rayleigh fading channels.
Particle Phenomenology of Gravitational Events at the TeV Scale

If the fundamental scale of gravity is of the order of 1 TeV, black holes might be produced at the Large Hadron Collider. This work presents simulations of black holes and other exotic models of physics beyond the Standard Model - supersymmetry, extra dimensional models and string theory. Isolated leptons with high transverse momenta can be used to distinguish black holes from supersymmetry and models of extra dimensions. Z0 bosons and photons with high transverse momenta allow the discrimination of black holes and string resonances. The analysis of visible and missing energy/momenta and event shape variables complement these techniques.
High quantum efficiency S-20 photocathodes in photon counting detectors

Based on conventional S-20 processes, a new series of high quantum efficiency (QE) photocathodes has been developed that can be specifically tuned for use in the ultraviolet, blue or green regions of the spectrum. The QE values exceed 30% at maximum response, and the dark count rate is found to be as low as 30 Hz/cm2 at room temperature. This combination of properties along with a fast temporal response makes these photocathodes ideal for application in photon counting detectors, which is demonstrated with an MCP photomultiplier tube for single and multi-photoelectron detection.
PSR J1119–6127 and Its Pulsar Wind Nebula Following the Magnetar-like Bursts

We present a Chandra Director’s Discretionary Time observation of PSR J1119–6127 and its compact X-ray pulsar wind nebula (PWN) obtained on 2016 October 27, three months after the Fermi and Swift detection of millisecond bursts in hard X-rays, accompanied by a ≳160 times increase in flux. This magnetar-like activity, the first observed from a rotation-powered radio pulsar, provides an important probe of the physical processes that differentiate radio pulsars from magnetars. The post-burst X-ray spectrum of the pulsar can be described by a single power-law model with a photon index of 2.0 ± 0.2 and an unabsorbed flux of 10−12 erg cm−2 s−1 in the 0.5–7.0 keV energy range. At the time of Chandra observations, the pulsar was still brighter by a factor of ∼22 in comparison with its quiescence. The X-ray images reveal a nebula brighter than in the pre-burst Chandra observations (from 2002 and 2004), with an unabsorbed flux of 10−13 erg cm−2 s−1. This implies a current X-ray efficiency of at a distance of 8.4 kpc. In addition, a faint torus-like structure is visible along the southeast–northwest direction and a jet-like feature perpendicular to the torus toward the southwest. The PWN is best fitted by an absorbed power-law with a photon index of 2.2 ± 0.5 (post-burst). While the pulsar can still be energetically powered by rotation, the observed changes in PSR J1119–6127 and its PWN following the magnetar-like bursts point to an additional source of energy powered by its high magnetic field.
A database of synthetic photometry in the GALEX ultraviolet bands for the stellar sources observed with the International Ultraviolet Explorer

Context. The Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) has produced the largest photometric catalogue of ultraviolet (UV) sources. As such, it has defined the new standard bands for UV photometry: the near UV band (NUV) and the far UV band (FUV). However, due to brightness limits, the GALEX mission has avoided the Galactic plane which is crucial for astrophysical research and future space missions. Aims. The International Ultraviolet Explorer (IUE) satellite obtained 63 755 spectra in the low dispersion mode ( λ / δλ ~ 300) during its 18-year lifetime. We have derived the photometry in the GALEX bands for the stellar sources in the IUE Archive to extend the GALEX database with observations including the Galactic plane. Methods. Good quality spectra have been selected for the IUE classes of stellar sources. The GALEX FUV and NUV magnitudes have been computed using the GALEX transmission curves, as well as the conversion equations between flux and magnitudes provided by the mission. Results. Consistency between GALEX and IUE synthetic photometries has been tested using white dwarfs (WD) contained in both samples. The non-linear response performance of GALEX inferred from this data agrees with the results from GALEX calibration. The photometric database is made available to the community through the services of the Centre de Donnees Stellaires at Strasbourg (CDS). The catalogue contains FUV magnitudes for 1628 sources, ranging from FUV = 1.81 to FUV = 18.65 mag. In the NUV band, the catalogue includes observations for 999 stars ranging from NUV = 3.34 to NUV = 17.74 mag. Conclusions. UV photometry for 1490 sources not included in the GALEX AIS GR5 catalogue is provided; most of them are hot (O-A spectral type) stars. The sources in the catalogue are distributed over the full sky, including the Galactic plane.
Energy-Aware Offloading and Power Optimization in Full-Duplex Mobile Edge Computing-Enabled Cellular IoT Networks

The incorporation of full-duplex (FD) communication into task offloading offers significant advantages for mobile edge computing (MEC). In this article, we investigate joint optimization of multiuser computation offloading, transmitting power, time slot, and computation resources in FD MEC-aided cellular Internet of Things (IoT) networks. For the sake of minimizing the energy consumption of the IoT nodes, we develop mixed-integer nonlinear programming with coupling constraints. To handle the coupling constraints, we derive the decoupling conditions and simplify the formulated problem into the decoupling and coupling cases. For the decoupling case, we convert the original problem equivalently into several independent subproblems. Then, for each subproblem, the transmitting power and computation offloading are optimized efficiently by the optimal condition of the objective function. After that, we derive the optimal time slot allocation by Karush–Kuhn–Tucker conditions. For the coupling case, we formulate the feasibility problem of the obtained results from the decoupling case as a two-level knapsack problem. Based on that, we develop an efficient algorithm to modify the solution of decoupling case so that its feasibility is guaranteed for the coupling constraints. Extensive simulations indicate that our proposed algorithm can effectively reduce the total energy consumption of the IoT nodes and fully improve the efficiency of MEC with respect to existing algorithms.
Vinculación y transferencia tecnológica en el Centro Atómico Bariloche de la CNEA en el período 2006-2015

El presente trabajo analiza las políticas de vinculación y transferencia tecnológica (VyTT) del Centro Atómico Bariloche (CAB) de la Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA) desde 2006, año de reactivación del Plan Nuclear. A partir del contexto y surgimiento histórico del área de VyTT de la CNEA y de la constitución de una oficina de transferencia tecnológica en el CAB, se presentan las características de las actividades allí impulsadas, su interdependencia jerárquica y funcional, el marco normativo interno y las características de la principal unidad de vinculación tecnológica, administradora de los recursos. El análisis de la información relevada permite deducir que las actividades de VyTT del CAB respondieron a un modelo de tipo horizontal, con la característica ofertista-vinculacionista observada en las universidades y otros organismos científico-tecnológicos de Argentina durante los años noventa. Algunas características diferenciales observadas permiten inferir que este modelo horizontal coexistió con otro contenido en una planificación tecnológica nacional sectorial, que se desarrolló en el marco del mencionado Plan Nuclear.
Ultraluminous X-ray pulsar: accreting magnetar?

Magnetars are a special kind of neutron stars. There may also be accreting magnetars. From the studies of isolated magnetars, it is known that a neutron star with a strong dipole field only is not a magnetar. Super-slow X-ray pulsars may just be accreting high magnetic field neutron stars. The ultra-luminous X-ray pulsar NuSTAR J095551+6940.8 may be an accreting magnetar. It may be an accreting low magnetic field magnetar with multipole field of 10^14 G and dipole field of 10^12 G. This point of view is consistent with the study of isolated magnetars. An ultra-luminous X-ray pulsar phase in the binary evolution may result in massive millisecond pulsars.
Decisive role of oxygen vacancy in ferroelectric versus ferromagnetic Mn-doped BaTiO3 thin films

Single-phase perovskite 5 at. % Mn-doped and undoped polycrystalline BaTiO3 thin films have been grown under different oxygen partial pressures by pulsed laser deposition on platinum-coated sapphire substrates. Ferroelectricity is only observed for the Mn-doped and undoped BaTiO3 thin films grown under relatively high oxygen partial pressure. Compared to undoped BaTiO3, Mn-doped BaTiO3 reveals a low leakage current, increased dielectric loss, and a decreased dielectric constant. Ferromagnetism is seen on Mn-doped BaTiO3 thin films prepared under low oxygen partial pressure and is attributed to the formation of bound magnetic polarons (BMPs). This BMP formation is enhanced by oxygen vacancies. The present work confirms a theoretical work from C. Ederer and N. Spaldin on ferroelectric perovskites [Nature Mat. 3, 849 (2004)] that shows that the existence of ferroelectricity is incompatible with the existence of a spontaneous magnetization in Mn-doped BaTiO3 thin films.Single-phase perovskite 5 at. % Mn-doped and undoped polycrystalline BaTiO3 thin films have been grown under different oxygen partial pressures by pulsed laser deposition on platinum-coated sapphire substrates. Ferroelectricity is only observed for the Mn-doped and undoped BaTiO3 thin films grown under relatively high oxygen partial pressure. Compared to undoped BaTiO3, Mn-doped BaTiO3 reveals a low leakage current, increased dielectric loss, and a decreased dielectric constant. Ferromagnetism is seen on Mn-doped BaTiO3 thin films prepared under low oxygen partial pressure and is attributed to the formation of bound magnetic polarons (BMPs). This BMP formation is enhanced by oxygen vacancies. The present work confirms a theoretical work from C. Ederer and N. Spaldin on ferroelectric perovskites [Nature Mat. 3, 849 (2004)] that shows that the existence of ferroelectricity is incompatible with the existence of a spontaneous magnetization in Mn-doped BaTiO3 thin films.
Study of fecal calprotectin in adults with non bloody chronic diarrhea.

Background: Fecal Calprotectin is a surrogate marker of neutrophil influx into the bowel lumen because it is resistant to bacterial proteolytic destruction during transit through the gastrointestinal tract, has long-term stability in faeces (>7 days) at different temperatures, and is easy to assess As a result, FC has been suggested. Aim of the work: Study the accuracy of fecal calprotactin as a noninvasive diagnostic modality in determining organic causes in cases of chronic non bloody diarrhea in adult patients. Patients and Methods: This was a case control study included 90 persons divided into 2 groups: 60 patients with chronic diarrhea as a study group and 30 persons without diarrhea as a control group, period from January 2021 to January 2022. Fecal calprotectin was performed for all persons in both groups. Colonoscopy was performed for patients with chronic diarrhea. As results of colonscopy, patients then were divided according to presence of inflammatory bowel disease. Result: Fecal calprotectin was significantly higher among chronic diarrhea group. Also, number of patients with fecal calprotectin above 50; 100 were significantly higher among the study group. Fecal calprotectin was significantly higher among inflammatory bowel disease patients. Also, number of patients with fecal calprotectin above 50; 100 were significantly higher among the study group. At cut-off value equal 50 μg/ mg, fecal calprotectin had sensitivity equal to 92% and specificity equal to 88% to diagnose inflammatory bowel disease. Conclusion: Fecal calprotectin has the potential to be a simple, noninvasive, and reliable screening technique for IBD.
Effects of livestock overgrazing on the relationships between plant and microbial diversity across the temperate steppes in northern China

Livestock overgrazing has led to worldwide grassland degradation, posing a significant threat to plant and soil microbial diversity. However, little is known about whether livestock overgrazing influences plant and soil microbial diversity linkages. We examined relationships between plant and soil microbial beta diversity in eight pairs of ungrazed and overgrazed sites across temperate steppes in northern China. Our results revealed a positive correlation between plant and microbial beta diversity across ungrazed grasslands, and overgrazing did not change this relationship. However, different mechanisms underlay the correlations between plant and microbial beta diversity in ungrazed and overgrazed grasslands. In ungrazed grasslands, plant and microbial diversity associations were maintained mainly due to their similar responses to the shared environmental factors. While in overgrazed grasslands, the maintenance of plant and microbial diversity associations was primarily due to their functional associations. Furthermore, the positive links between plant species and microbial taxa increased in overgrazed grasslands, indicating that more soil microbial taxa form close associations with plant species in overgrazed grasslands. Our work provides new insights regarding the mechanisms of plant and microbial communities that associate under different ecological contexts, ultimately suggesting that the functional associations of plant and microbial communities are tighter as grazing intensifies in grasslands.
Evidence of pre-processing and a dependence on dynamical state for low-mass satellite galaxies

We study the dependence of satellite star formation rate and morphology on group dynamics for a sample of SDSS groups. We classify the group dynamical state and study satellite properties for populations of galaxies at small and large group-centric radii. For galaxies at large radii we find no differences in the star-forming or disc fraction for those in Gaussian groups compared to those in non-Gaussian groups. By comparing the star-forming and disc fractions of infalling galaxies to field galaxies we find evidence for the pre-processing of both star formation rate and morphology. The strength of pre-processing increases with halo mass and is highest for low-mass galaxies infalling onto high-mass haloes. We show that the star formation rate of galaxies at small radii correlates with group dynamical state, with galaxies in non- Gaussian groups showing enhanced star-forming fractions compared to galaxies in Gaussian groups. Similar correlations are not seen for the disc fractions of galaxies at small radii. This seems to suggest that either the mechanisms driving star formation quenching at small halo-centric radii are more efficient in dynamically relaxed groups, or that non-Gaussian groups have assembled more recently and therefore satellites of the groups will have been exposed to these transforming mechanisms for less time.
Digitally Synthetized Fingerprint Spoofs: A Threat For Anti-Spoofing Systems?

Ensuring security on biometric systems has always been a high priority concern. Certification of biometric systems involves the testing of the system’s performance and its resistance to spoof attacks. The anti-spoofing test implies the creation and scan of multiples physical spoofs. This requests laboratory expertise and high amount of time for spoofs creation. In this paper, we propose a new solution based on deep learning to translate genuine fingerprint images and transform them into what they would look like if they were created from known spoof materials usually involved in fingerprint spoofing tests. Digitally Synthetized Fingerprint Spoofs (DSFS) help to cover a larger number of spoofs materials than it would be possible to physically fabricate in a given time. Validation method shows that synthetized images are as good as real spoofs considering their quality.
Lorentz transformation of temperature and effective temperature

We derive the Lorentz transformation of temperature by using holography. The Lorentz transformation of temperature has been under debate for more than a century, and three different transformations have been proposed. Here we show that the correct transformation is that proposed by Einstein and Planck. We obtain a relativistic thermal distribution function from holography as well. The distribution function is Lorentz invariant and is consistent with the covariant first law of thermodynamics proposed by Einstein and Planck. The same method is applicable to the effective temperature in nonequilibrium steady states. We derive the boost transformation of the effective temperature. This enables us to distinguish the boost effect from the many-body effect in the effective temperature of a test particle dragged in a heat bath.
Trace anomaly, thermal power corrections and dimension two condensates in the deconfined phase

The trace anomaly of gluodynamics on the lattice shows clear fingerprints of a dimension two condensate above the phase transition. The condensate manifests itself through even powers of the inverse temperature while the total perturbative contribution corresponds to a mild temperature dependence and turns out to be compatible with zero within errors. We try several resummation methods based on a renormalization group improvement. The trace anomaly data are analyzed and compared with other determinations of the dimension two condensate based on the Polyakov loop and the heavy qq free energy, yielding roughly similar numerical values. The role of glueballs near the transition is also discussed.
On the nonlinear stability of asymptotically anti-de Sitter solutions

Despite the recent evidence that anti-de Sitter (AdS) spacetime is nonlinearly unstable, we argue that many asymptotically AdS solutions are nonlinearly stable. This includes geons, boson stars and black holes. As part of our argument, we calculate the frequencies of long-lived gravitational quasinormal modes of AdS black holes in various dimensions. We also discuss a new class of asymptotically AdS solutions describing noncoalescing black hole binaries.
STELLAR ROTATION EFFECTS IN POLARIMETRIC MICROLENSING

It is well known that the polarization signal in microlensing events of hot stars is larger than that of main-sequence stars. Most hot stars rotate rapidly around their stellar axes. The stellar rotation creates ellipticity and gravity-darkening effects that break the spherical symmetry of the source's shape and the circular symmetry of the source's surface brightness respectively. Hence, it causes a net polarization signal for the source star. This polarization signal should be considered in polarimetric microlensing of fast rotating stars. For moderately rotating stars, lensing can magnify or even characterize small polarization signals due to the stellar rotation through polarimetric observations. The gravity-darkening effect due to a rotating source star creates asymmetric perturbations in polarimetric and photometric microlensing curves whose maximum occurs when the lens trajectory crosses the projected position of the rotation pole on the sky plane. The stellar ellipticity creates a time shift (i) in the position of the second peak of the polarimetric curves in transit microlensing events and (ii) in the peak position of the polarimetric curves with respect to the photometric peak position in bypass microlensing events. By measuring this time shift via polarimetric observations of microlensing events, we can evaluate the ellipticity of the projected source surface on the sky plane. Given the characterizations of the FOcal Reducer and low dispersion Spectrograph (FORS2) polarimeter at the Very Large Telescope, the probability of observing this time shift is very small. The more accurate polarimeters of the next generation may well measure these time shifts and evaluate the ellipticity of microlensing source stars.