Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The topology of the QDOT IRAS redshift survey

An all-sky redshift survey of galaxies detected by the IRAS satellite was used to investigate the topology of the Universe to a depth of 200 h -1 Mpc. Qualitatively, the distribution of galaxies out to this distance resembles a Gaussian density field with a sponge-like topology : high- and low-density regions are topologically similar and surfaces of constant density are interconnected. Quantitatively, the genus-theshold density relation of Gott et al. (1989, ApJ, 340) was used to test the hypothesis that the galaxy distribution grew out of initially Gaussian density fluctuations and to measure the effective slope of the power spectrum of fluctuations over a range of length-scales between 10 and 50 h -1 Mpc
ON THE DUPLICITY OF VI CYGNI NOS. 5 AND 8A

In view of the questions that have been raised recently regarding the interpretation of the colors of heavily-reddened early-type stars, it may be worth calling attention to the fact that two of the stars in the VI Cygni association which are often discussed in this connection have close visual companions that might have some small effect upon the colors in total light. These companions were first seen on the slit of the coudé spectrograph of the 120-inch reflector while spectrograms were being obtained of the primary stars. As far as I know, the duplicities have not been reported before. The positions and especially the magnitudes are only rough estimates.
Bose-Einstein Condensation and Liquid Helium

The mathematical description of B.E. (Bose-Einstein) condensation is generalized so as to be applicable to a system of interacting particles. B.E. condensation is said to be present whenever the largest eigenvalue of the one-particle reduced density matrix is an extensive rather than an intensive quantity. Some transformations facilitating the practical use of this definition are given.
Coffee Pulp: A Natural Alternative for Control of Resistant Nematodes in Small Ruminants

Goat production in Mexico is an important economic activity that is affected by different gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) species. GINs resistant to commercial anthelmintics have been reported. Plant extracts or agro-industrial by-products, such as coffee pulp, have been proposed as control alternatives, given their secondary metabolite content. The aim of the present study was to determine the anthelmintic activity of the hydroalcoholic extract of coffee pulp against benzimidazole-resistant GINs. Stool samples were collected from goats, from which GIN eggs were identified and quantified. Molecular techniques confirmed the genus of GINs and their benzimidazole resistance profile. The percentage of egg hatching inhibition (% EHI) and larval mortality (% LM) with the hydroalcoholic extract of coffee pulp was determined at concentrations from 200 to 0.39 mg/mL. The genera Haemonchus spp. and Trichostrongylus spp. were identified, and the presence of the β-tubulin gene mutation, associated with benzimidazole (BZ) resistance, was determined. Hydroalcoholic extract of coffee pulp inhibited 100% of egg hatching at 200 and 100 mg/mL, with no larvicidal effect at the evaluated concentrations.
A Convective Wake Parameterization Scheme for Use in General Circulation Models

Abstract In the atmosphere, the cold, dry, precipitation-driven downdrafts from deep convection spread laterally after striking the surface, inhibiting new convection in the disturbed wake (cold pool) area. In contrast, the leading edge of this cold air lifts unstable environmental air helping to trigger new convection. A GCM cannot resolve the disturbed and undisturbed regions explicitly, so some parameterizations of these critical mesoscale phenomena are needed. The simplest approaches are to either instantly mix downdraft air with the environment, or instantly recover the downdraft air. The instant-mixing approach tends to lead to unrealistic pulsing of convection in environments that would otherwise be able to support long-lived mesoscale convective systems while the instant recovery approach usually overestimates surface energy fluxes. By replacing these simplistic approaches with a physically based convective wake–gust front model, these problems are substantially remedied. The model produced realis.
Nonequilibrium Kinetics and Heat Transfer in O2/O Mixtures near Catalytic Surfaces

Nonequilibrium vibrational-chemical kinetics and heat transfer in an O 2/O mixture near the surface of a space vehicle under reentry conditions are studied. Vibration-translation, vibration-vibration energy exchange, dissociation-recombination processes in the gas phase as well as heterogeneous recombination, dissociation, and deactivation of vibrational states on a silica surface are taken into account. The effect of nonequilibrium kinetics and surface catalysis on the total heat e ux and averaged dissociation-rate coefe cients is examined. It is shown that both heterogeneous recombination and dissociation on the surface must be incorporated in the kinetic scheme. The contribution of thermal conductivity, thermal and mass diffusion, and vibrational energy diffusion to theheat transfer is evaluated. In particular, vibrational energy diffusion near the surface is found to play an important role.
Abrupt self-termination of vertically aligned carbon nanotube growth

Real-time height measurements demonstrate that growth of millimeter-high carbon nanotube (CNT) forests terminates abruptly after first exhibiting a steady decay in growth rate. Termination is accompanied by a distinct loss of alignment among the CNTs, which is quantified by small-angle x-ray scattering. Previously suggested diffusion-limited and decay-limited models of kinetics accurately fit the growth period, yet fail to capture the termination behavior and incorrectly predict that growth will continue for much longer durations than observed. It appears that structural disorder is a distinct chemical and/or mechanical signature of self-terminated CNT forest growth.
Effects of wall compliance on the linear stability of Taylor–Couette flow

The stability of the laminar flow in the narrow gap between infinitely long concentric cylinders, the inner of which rotates, is examined for the case of compliant bounding walls, modelled as thin cylindrical shells supported by rigid frames through arrays of springs and dampers. Sufficiently soft walls have a destabilizing influence on the axisymmetric Taylor vortices produced by the centrifugal force, although the effect is limited to modes with large axial wavelengths. Due to the walls flexibility, hydroelastic modes are generated. Complex modal exchanges are observed, as function of the wall properties and the Reynolds number. For axisymmetric modes an asymptotic analysis is conducted in the limit of small axial wavenumber, to show the correspondence between such exchanges and singularities in the analytical solutions. While the axisymmetric modes dominate the spectrum when the walls are rigid or very mildly compliant, a critical non-zero azimuthal wavenumber exists for which the hydroelastic modes become more unstable. Shorter azimuthal waves are favoured by increasing spring stiffness.
On runaway breakdown and upward propagating discharges

The origins of mysterious γ ray and radio flashes recently detected by satellite-based instruments passing over thunderstorms are examined in the context of upward propagating discharges initiated by runaway air breakdown. Preliminary calculations normalized by the recent optical measurements of so-called sprites indicate that the runaway mechanism may well be the source of these emissions. If this is true, then upward discharges represent the first known manifestation of a fundamental, new process in plasma physics.
A Two-Compartment Fermentation System to Quantify Strain-Specific Interactions in Microbial Co-Cultures

To fulfil the growing interest in investigating microbial interactions in co-cultures, a novel two-compartment bioreactor system was developed, characterised, and implemented. The system allowed for the exchange of amino acids and peptides via a polyethersulfone membrane that retained biomass. Further system characterisation revealed a Bodenstein number of 18, which hints at backmixing. Together with other physical settings, the existence of unwanted inner-compartment substrate gradients could be ruled out. Furthermore, the study of Damkoehler numbers indicated that a proper metabolite supply between compartments was enabled. Implementing the two-compartment system (2cs) for growing Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subs. bulgaricus, which are microorganisms commonly used in yogurt starter cultures, revealed only a small variance between the one-compartment and two-compartment approaches. The 2cs enabled the quantification of the strain-specific production and consumption rates of amino acids in an interacting S. thermophilus–L. bulgaricus co-culture. Therefore, comparisons between mono- and co-culture performance could be achieved. Both species produce and release amino acids. Only alanine was produced de novo from glucose through potential transaminase activity by L. bulgaricus and consumed by S. thermophilus. Arginine availability in peptides was limited to S. thermophilus’ growth, indicating active biosynthesis and dependency on the proteolytic activity of L. bulgaricus. The application of the 2cs not only opens the door for the quantification of exchange fluxes between microbes but also enables continuous production modes, for example, for targeted evolution studies.
The Contribution of AGNs and Star-forming Galaxies to the Mid-Infrared as Revealed by Their Spectral Energy Distributions

We present the broadband SEDs of the largest available highly complete (72%) spectroscopic sample of MIR-selected galaxies and AGNs at intermediate redshift. The sample contains 203 extragalactic sources from the 15 μm ELAIS-SWIRE survey, all with measured spectroscopic redshift. Most of these sources have full multiwavelength coverage from the FUV (GALEX) to the FIR (Spitzer) and lie in the redshift range 0.1 < z < 1.3. This large sample allows us for the first time to characterize the spectral properties of sources responsible for the strong evolution observed in the MIR. Based on SED-fitting, we have classified the MIR sources, identifying AGN signatures in about 50% of them. This fraction is significantly higher than that derived from optical spectroscopy (~29%) and is due in particular to the identification of AGN activity in objects spectroscopically classified as galaxies (the spectroscopic classification may be somewhat unreliable because of host galaxy dilution in the optical). It is likely that in most of our objects, the AGN is either obscured or low luminosity, and thus dominates the energetic output only in the MIR, showing up just in the range where the host galaxy SED has a minimum. The fraction of AGNs strongly depends on flux density, with that derived through the SED-fitting about 20% at S15μ m ∼ 0.5–1 mJy and gradually increasing to 100% at S15μ m > 10 mJy, while that obtained from optical spectroscopy is never >30%, even at higher flux densities. Our results will be very useful for updating all models aimed at interpreting the deep IR survey data and in particular for constraining the nature and role of dust-obscured systems in the intermediate/high-redshift universe.
AGGREGATION FOR QUALITY MANAGEMENT

The problem relevant for quality management such as aggregation of many features into one representative is analyzed. Actually, in quality management practice, standard approaches to aggregation are often trivial and as a consequence - inadequate. In this paper, aggregation is treated as a logical and/or pseudo-logical operation that is important from many points of view such as adequacy and interpretations.
Multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from chicken nuggets sold at superstores in Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the colony forming units (CFU) to isolate, identify, and antibiotic sensitivity of Staphylococcus aureus from chicken nuggets (CN). Materials and Methods: Sixty CN samples from two brands were collected from different superstores in Mymensingh, Bangladesh. Uncooked, oven-cooked (OC), or gas stove-cooked (GSC) CN samples were inoculated onto mannitol salt agar and blood agar. Results: The total staphylococcal count (TSC) for uncooked CN ranged from log 4.68 to log 5.11 CFU/gm. For OC CN, TSC ranged from log 3.29 to log 3.62 CFU/gm. For GSC CN, TSC ranged from log 3.09 to log 3.49 CFU/gm. Relative to uncooked CN, microwave oven-cooked and GSC samples significantly reduced the TSC of CN (p < 0.01). Using the polymerase chain reaction assay and standard biochemical testing, only 8 out of 60 CN samples contained S. aureus. Staphylococcus aureus were resistant to Ampicillin (100%), Amoxicillin (100%), Oxacillin (75%), Cefixime (87.5%), Doxycycline (75%), intermediately sensitive to Erythromycin (25%), Cephalexin (12.5%), Ciprofloxacin (25%), Gentamicin (12.5%), Doxycycline (12.5%) and sensitive to Oxacillin (25%), Azithromycin (100%), Erythromycin (75%) Cephalexin (87.5%), Cefixime (12.5%), Chloramphenicol (100%), Ciprofloxacin (75%), Gentamicin (87.5%), Doxycycline (12.5%), and Vancomycin (100%). Conclusion: This study reports the first isolation and identification of S. aureus from CN in Bangladesh. GSC CN was better than OC and uncooked CN. Data also suggest that CN is contaminated with multidrug-resistant S. aureus, which poses a public health hazard.
Lateral propagation of the helium shell flash on an accreting neutron star

The propagation of a thermal wave caused by a helium flash on an accreting neutron star is investigated by a one-zone model. Our model consists of equations for the energy balance and the mass balance. The energy equation includes the nuclear reaction, the radial heat flux which is characterized by a parameter representing the temperature of the hydrogen burning zone, and the lateral heat flux. Another parameter of the model is the accretion rate in the mass equation. As for the lateral heat flux, two limiting cases are examined: one is the case that there is no convention, and the other is the case that the convection is effective for the lateral heat transport.
Pseudo-Anosov homeomorphisms on a sphere with four punctures have all periods

Abstract It is proved that if ƒ is a homeomorphism of the two-sphere with an invariant set V of cardinality N = 4, then either ƒ has periodic orbits of all periods or it belongs to one of a small number of algebraically finite isotopy classes relative to V. For N ≤ 4, the second case always holds. On the other hand, for each N ≥ 7 we give examples of pseudo-Anosov homeomorphisms of the sphere, relative to a set of N points, for which not all periods occur.
The propagation of electromagnetic waves in magnetoelectric crystals

Abstract The propagation, of a plane electromagnetic wave in a magnetoelectric crystal is described by an eigenvalue equation in which the eigenvalue is the phase velocity of the wave and the eigenvector is the electric-field. The equation is first solved for the special case in which the dielectric tensor is real and diagonal, the magnetoelectric effect is absent and the magnetic susceptibility is zero. This leads to well-known results (e.g. the existence of double refraction). Perturbation theory is then used to consider the effect of including small additional terms. It is found that the imaginary part of the dielectric tensor leads to optical activity; the real part of the magnetoelectric tensor leads to a new optical effect in which an initially plane polarized wave progressively changes its state of polarization; the imaginary part of the magnetoelectric tensor also leads to optical activity. These results are compared with those of Brown, Shtrikman and Treves who considered wave propagation in a me.
Reductive Thermal Atomic Layer Deposition Process for Gold

In this work, we developed an atomic layer deposition (ALD) process for gold metal thin films from chloro(triethylphosphine)gold(I) [AuCl(PEt3)] and 1,4-bis(trimethylgermyl)-1,4-dihydropyrazine [(Me3Ge)2DHP]. High purity gold films were deposited on different substrate materials at 180 °C for the first time with thermal reductive ALD. The growth rate is 1.7 Å/cycle after the film reaches full coverage. The films have a very low resistivity close to the bulk value, and a minimal amount of impurities could be detected. The reaction mechanism of the process is studied in situ with a quartz crystal microbalance and a quadrupole mass spectrometer.
Evaluation of Blood Stream and Biliary Tract Infections Related to Percutaneous Transhepatic Cholangiography and Prophylaxis Given in Patients with Malignancy

Objective: Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC) is an invasive procedure used in patients with obstructive jaundice in the progress of some malignancies, and its most common complication is infection. We aimed to evaluate the patients who underwent PTC regarding their cultures, prophylaxis, and antibiotics used for treatment. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, patients who underwent PTC and were followed up in a medical oncology outpatient clinic between 2010-2017 were evaluated retrospectively. Patients’ data were obtained from the hospital record system (FONET), epicrisis forms, and patient progress files. Results: A total of 93 patients were included in the study. Prophylaxis was given in 50% of the cases. Complications developed in 68% of the cases after the intervention, and the infectious disease clinic consulted all. Blood cultures were obtained from 89% of the febrile patients; however, bile cultures were obtained only from 29%. The rate of resistant Gram-negative enteric bacteria in growing microorganisms was 52% (n=13). It was determined that 65% of the initiated empirical treatments were appropriate for the growth of microorganisms. Conclusion: The growth rate was significantly higher in blood cultures than in bile cultures. The lower growth rate in bile culture was attributed to the low number of bile cultures. There was no significant difference regarding the growth rate and drug resistance of the microorganisms. Therefore, we think giving antibiotics as treatment rather than prophylaxis is more appropriate. Taking cultures will ensure that patients receive appropriate antibiotic therapy for the causative agent. Keywords: Antibiotic prophylaxis, bacteremia, biliary tract infections, percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography
Absorption, refraction and scattering retrieval with an edge-illumination-based imaging setup

We have recently developed a new method based on edge-illumination for retrieving a three-image representation of the sample. A minimum of three intensity projections are required in order to retrieve the transmission, refraction and ultra-small-angle scattering properties of the sample. Here we show how the method can be adapted for particular cases in which some degree of a priori information about the sample might be available, limiting the number of required projections to two. Moreover, an iterative algorithm to correct for non-ideal optical elements is proposed and tested on numerical simulations, and finally validated on experimental data.
How Talent Management, Motivation, and Career Development affecting the Employee Performance at PT Excelitas Technologies Batam?

This study aims to discover how the implementation of talent management and the role of HR in increasing employee motivation and career development at PT Excelitas Technologies Batam and to find out the influence of talent management, motivation and career development on employee performance at PT Excelitas Technologies Batam. This research uses a mixed approach with a concurrent embedded model, where the research is carried out simultaneously between qualitative and quantitative. The results of the interview show that the implementation of talent management at PT Excelitas Technologies Batam is based on a system that exists in the ODC/DMS. The implementation of talent management at PT Excelitas includes the process of selecting, developing, and also maintaining human resources for the development process in the company. The role of HR in increasing the motivation and career development of employees at PT Excelitas Technologies Batam is as a facilitator of programs held by the company and ensuring that their implementation reaches employees.
A reconfigurable polarization converter and related application as horn antenna cladding

In this paper, a transmissive reconfigurable polarization converter (RPC) based on an active metasurface is proposed, which can regulate the ideal plane wave and the spherical wave as a cladding of the horn antenna. The metasurface unit is composed of a single-layer F4B dielectric substrate and two double-cross metal strips with a p–i–n diode on the top and seven vertical metal strips on the bottom. One RPC prototype with 15 × 15 units has been fabricated and measured when it regulates an ideal plane wave. By controlling the states of diodes, the RPC can realize the linear-to-circular polarization conversion (LCPC) or the linear polarization maintaining (LPM) function from 2.5 to 3.64 GHz. Furthermore, the RPC is used as the cladding of a horn antenna for high integration in practical applications. The measured results show that this RPC-antenna system can still achieve LCPC or LPM function from 3.1 to 4.5 GHz. It is worth mentioning that the 3 dB axial ratio beam width of RPC can cover from −65° to 65° in LCPC. The proposal has advantages of a wideband, simple biasing network, and easy fabrication and integration, which can be widely applied in modern wireless communication systems.
Novel distributed fiber optic leak detection system

A novel distributed fiber optic leak detection sys- tem is proposed. Its configuration is similar to an in-line Sa- gnac interferometer. The linear measurable range is from 3 310 24 to 3310 22 rad/AHz with a dynamic range around 40 dB. © 2004 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers.
Nitrate Hysteresis as a Tool for Revealing Storm‐Event Dynamics and Improving Water Quality Model Performance

Understanding the physics of nitrate contamination in surface and subsurface water is vital for mitigating downstream water quality impairment. Though high frequency sensor data have become readily available and computational models more accessible, the integration of these two methods for improved prediction is underdeveloped. The objective of this study was to utilize high‐frequency data to advance our understanding and model representation of nitrate transport for an agricultural karst spring in Kentucky, USA. We collected 2‐years of 15‐min nitrate and specific conductance data and analyzed source‐timing dynamics across dozens of events to develop a conceptual model for nitrate hysteresis in karst. Thereafter, we used the sensing data, specifically discharge‐concentration indices, to constrain modeled nitrate prediction bounds as well as the uncertainty of hydrologic and nitrogen processes, such as soil percolation and biogeochemical transformation. Observed nitrate hysteresis behavior at the spring was complex and included clockwise (n = 11), counterclockwise (n = 13), and figure‐eight (n = 10) shapes, which contrasts with surface systems that are often dominated by a single hysteresis shape. Sensing results highlight the importance of antecedent connectivity to nitrate‐rich storages in determining the timing of nitrate delivery to the spring. After integrating hysteresis analysis into our numerical model evaluation, simulated nitrate prediction bounds were reduced by 43 ± 12% and parameter uncertainty by 36 ± 20%. Taken together, this study suggests that discharge‐concentration indices derived from high‐frequency sensor data can be successfully integrated into numerical models to improve process representation and reduce modeled uncertainty.