Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Preliminary Assessment of LiF and Alanine Detectors for the Dosimetry of Proton Therapy Beams

An experimental intercomparison between the proton response of LiF TLD-100 and alanine detectors is reported. The investigations were performed with LiF chips and alanine pellets in a 62 MeV proton beam at the Paul Scherrer Institut in Villigen (CH). Results were compared with reference dosimetry provided by a Markus type parallel plate ionisation chamber. The response of the detectors was studied, in a phantom, at different beam penetration depths in pristine and modulated beams. For both alanine and TL detectors, within the experimental uncertainty of the measurements, no significant energy dependence in the response was observed down to the Bragg peak region. The sensitivity of alanine and LiF detectors to protons was measured in the centre of a modulated Bragg peak and no significant difference was found with respect to 60 Co. Contrary to LiF, alanine also offers a remarkable tissue equivalence which favours its choice for in-phantom dosimetry.
CORPORATE BANKRUPTCY PREDICTION: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW AND COMPREHENSIVE BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS

Researchers from all over the world have become more interested in bankruptcy prediction during the past 50 years. The prediction of corporate financial difficulties has been the subject of numerous studies ever since Altman revealed the breakthrough bankruptcy prediction model in 1968. The main aim of this research paper is to describe the fundamental concepts associated with the subject of corporate bankruptcy prediction. By identifying the most relevant research papers, nations, and authors in the Web of Science database, an in-depth review of the publications was performed before the analysis. The bibliometric map was created in the VOS Viewer program using the final search result with all available information. The results of the bibliometric analysis reveal that the keywords bankruptcy prediction and classification are the most closely related keywords using the analysis of citations that frequently occur, and that the USA and China developed the most significant international co-author relationships.
On the logic of generalizations about cross-linguistic aspect-modality links

In what follows the attempt is made, in all due brevity and succinctness, to gain more solid insight into links between aspect and modality as observed to hold in German and other West and North Germanic languages in Abraham (1990a, b, 2001, 2002, 2005). The basic idea (developed in more detail in the Introduction to this volume) is that there are such logical relations at the basis of the hypothesis, but that they are subject to markedness influences to the extent that the linking generalizations may be under demise in the context of a set of welldefined exceptions to the default links. The directions of the solutions under non-default contexts are those predictable by the A(spect)-T(ense)-M(odality) Hierarchy according to which, under specific markedness conditions, aspect form gives way to tense form, which in turn gives way to modal form if the default form is given up (Leiss 2000, 2002).
Study of the Materials Microstructure using Topological Properties of Complex Networks

A method for mapping a two-dimensional color image of the microstructure of the material to a complex network is proposed. Each image elements is assigned to node network. A weighted combination of distance metrics - the Euclidean distance and the Manhattan distance - defines whether there is or not an edge between corresponding nodes. The first metric is used to calculate the spatial distance between the picture elements (pixels), the second metric takes into account the contrast between the brightness of pixels in the gray scale. On the basis of the topological properties of the constructed network the edge pixels were detected that allows us to identify the border areas in the microstructure of materials. The proposed method can be used in automated systems of materialographic analysis.
On Simply Structured Kernel Bases of Unicyclic Graphs

In this paper all those unicyclic graphs are characterized for which there exists a basis of the kernel that consists only of vectors with entries from { 1,0,1} . Three different characterizations are obtained, based on an algorithmic, an algebraic, and a structural criteria, respectively. Algorithmic construction of such bases is discussed as well.
Segmentation using multifractals for object-oriented video coding

This paper presents a study of the application of multifractal measures in the segmentation of a video sequence image for object-oriented video coding through the generalized Renyi entropy. Grey-level sequence images are analyzed from the point of view of strange attractors. Multifractal feature maps are used to extract the features from the video sequence image. The nonuniform property of the image is reflected in the singularity spectrum and the Mandelbrot spectrum. Each video-object plane (VOP) specifies a particular image sequence content and the textures in the different contents can be separated because similar textures generally will have an homogeneous property which can be characterized by the singularity and Mandelbrot dimension of the fractal sets. Consequently, we can achieve not only image segmentation, but also a separation of the video-object layers (VOLs).
Natural join construction of graded posets versus ordinal sum and discrete hyper boxes

One introduces here the natural join $P \os Q$ of graded posets $ $ and $ $ with correspondingly maximal and minimal sets being identical as expressed by ordinal sum $P\oplus Q$ apart from other definition and due to that one arrives at a simple proof of the $M{\"{o}}bius $ function formula for cobweb posets. We also quote the other authors explicit formulas for the zeta matrix and its inverse for any graded posets with the finite set of minimal elements from earlier works of the author. These formulas are based on the formulas for cobweb posets and their $Hasse$ diagrams or graphs named $KoDAGs$ which are interpreted as chains of binary complete or universal relations joined by the natural join operation. Natural join of two independent sets is therefore the ordinal sum of this trivially ordered posets represented also by directed biclique named dibiclique and correspondingly by their $Hasse $ diagrams or graphs named $KoDAGs$. Such cobweb posets and equivalently their Hasse diagrams or graphs named $KoDAGs$ are also encoded by discrete hyper-boxes and the natural join operation of such discrete hyper boxes is just cartesian product of them accompanied with projection out of common faces. All graded posets with no mute vertices in their $Hasse$ diagrams which means that no vertex has indegree or outdegree equal zero are natural join of chain of relations and may be at the same time interpreted an $n-ary$ relation, $n \in N \cup \{\infty \}$.
Cycles in random graphs and hypergraphs

For a T x n matrix A = lIaijll in GF(2) we define a hypergraph GA with n vertices and T hyperedges et = {j :aij = I}, t = 1, . , T. Denote at = (atl, . ,atn}, t = 1, , T. A set of row numbers {t l, .•. , tn} is called a critical set if the sum of vectors atI + + atmis the zero vector. We can naturally define the concept of independence for critical sets and determine the maximal number s(A) of independent critical sets in A. The total number of critical sets S(A) is equal to 2 ( A ) 1. It is not difficult to see that s(A) and the rank r(A) of the matrix A are connected by the equality r(A) + s(A) = T. Therefore we can use the more tractable characteristic s(A) for the investigations of rank of the matrix A. We consider a matrix A of a special form which corresponds to the following system of T random equations in GF(2):
The Man Who Found God's Number

Summary This is a tale of two problems. For years, Tom Rokicki worked to determine the exact value of God's number for the Rubik's Cube (the smallest number of moves needed to solve the cube in the worst case), a very difficult problem. By the time he solved this, Tom was completely deaf. Digitizing human hearing, and then implementing that into a medical device, is also a very difficult problem. Thanks to recent medical advances, Tom's hearing was restored about the same time that he discovered God's number.
Building a publish/subscribe information dissemination platform for hybrid mobile ad-hoc social networks over android devices

Soumission à Episciences Mobile ad-hoc social networks (MASNs) have been the subject of several research studies over the past two decades. They allow stations located in a small geographical area to be connected without the need for a network infrastructure and offer them the possibility to communicate any time anywhere. To communicate, stations regularly broadcast their interests in the form of keywords. Stations with a high degree of similarity among their keywords can communicate with each other. However, the coverage of MASNs is limited to a small geographical area, due to the limited communication range of mobile ad-hoc networks (MANET) stations. In this paper, we present an architecture and implementation of hybrid mobile ad-hoc social networks (MASNs coupled to infrastructure networks) of Android mobile devices for information dissemination. Stations can use the infrastructure network to communicate and rely on the mobile ad-hoc network when the infrastructure is not available.Rather than communicating synchronously as this is the case in the similar works found in the literature, in our approach, the stations communicate using a publish/subscribe communication protocol, which is perfectly suited to this type of network thanks to the decoupling in time and space it provides. Les réseaux sociaux mobiles ad hoc (MASN) ont fait l'objet de plusieurs recherches au cours des deux dernières décennies. Ils permettent à des stations situées dans une petite zone géographique d'être connectées sans avoir besoin d'une infrastructure de réseau et leur offrent la possibilité de communiquer à tout moment et en tout lieu. Pour communiquer, les stations diffusent régulièrement leurs centres d'intérêt sous forme de mots-clés. Les stations dont les mots-clés présentent un degré élevé de similitude peuvent communiquer entre elles. Cependant, la couverture des réseaux MASN est limitée à une petite zone géographique, en raison de la portée de communication limitée des stations des réseaux mobiles ad hoc (MANET). Dans cet article, nous présentons une architecture et une mise en œuvre de réseaux sociaux mobiles ad hoc hybrides (MASN couplés à des réseaux d'infrastructure) d'appareils mobiles Android pour la diffusion d'informations. Les stations peuvent utiliser le réseau d'infrastructure pour communiquer et s'appuyer sur le réseau mobile ad hoc lorsque l'infrastructure n'est pas disponible. Plutôt que de communiquer de manière synchrone comme c'est le cas dans les travaux similaires trouvés dans la littérature, dans notre approche, les stations communiquent en utilisant un protocole de communication de type publication/abonnement, qui est parfaitement adapté à ce type de réseau grâce au découplage dans le temps et l'espace qu'il fournit.
Impact of Green Human Resource Management on Environmental Performance: the Mediating Role of Green Innovation and Environmental Strategy in Pakistan

With globally increasing recognition of environmental sustainability, now businesses are also acknowledging the requirement of incorporating green practices into their company operation. The study aims in exploring the relation in between the concepts of some sustainability elements such as “green human resource management practices” (GHRMP) and variables like “environmental performances”, with the examination of environmental strategy and green innovation playing as a mediator. The study of GHRMP with respect to its elements such as green recruitment refers to selecting and hiring an employee who has significant knowledge about environmental sustainability. It also consists of an element named green training that refers to teaching and developing a set of skills in employees to take action while protecting the environment within the organization The author specifically examines the connection between them by using the resource-based view theory. They also tested their relationship using the manufacturing firm's ability, motivation, and opportunity (AMO) theory. A survey questionnaire research strategy was used in this study along with a simple random sampling of 247 managers from large manufacturing firms in Punjab of Pakistan. For data analysis, this research used the p-test based on PLS-SEM. The findings showed that the study elements have a direct and major influence on each other especially the GHRMP and strategic environmental approach complement each other in the presence of the sustainable innovative product by the organization. Additionally, environmental strategy (ES) also partially mediated the influence of sustainable innovative products can be termed green innovation (GI), and it has an impact on environmental performance. The result revealed significant suggestions for legislators and manufacturing industries, to promote environmentally responsible actions, manufacturing goods, plus some production methods through a successful incentive program to increase loyalty. To apply the analysis and apply the study variables in the selected large sample sizes that can also be retested for future research, further research can exclude the novelty and unique issue by replicating the same research in other regions of the world.
Bianchi Type I Magnetized Cosmological Model in Bimetric Theory of Gravitation

In this paper, we attempt to construct a Bianchi Type I magnetized cosmological model in Rosen’s bimetric theory of gravitation by using the techniques of Letelier and Stachel under the condition that  n BC A , where 0  n in Rosen’s field equations. The physical and geometrical significance of the model are discussed. It is important to note the added dimension of this paper include the introduction of a magnetic field on the model. Prior to this, all it has been is a vacuum model in bimetric gravitation.
ELUCIDATION OF CELLULAR MECHANISMS OF AUTOPHAGY INVOLVEMENT IN PLANT ADAPTATION TO MICROGRAVITY CONDITIONS

It was shown that clinostating conditions induce autophagy without increasing of programmed cell death (PCD) index in the epidermal cells of the root apex of A. thaliana seedlings. After the phase of activation of autophagy, its regulatory weakening occurs, which probably indicates adaptive changes to the conditions of clinostating. The induction of autophagy correlates with an increase in the expression levels of atg8 genes, some of which (atg8e and atg8i) may be involved in the implementation of autophagy under the simulated microgravity conditions. The transcriptional activity of cytoskeleton genes involved in the implementation of stress-induced autophagy, in particular α- and β-tubulin genes, was analyzed. Joint expression of α- and β-tubulin genes and atg8 under the simulated microgravity conditions was revealed. These results illustrate the role of the cytoskeleton in the development of microgravity-induced autophagy and make it possible to identify genes specific to this type of stress. The induction of autophagy and PСD was studied under the action of gamma irradiation as a concomitant factor of space flights, as well as under the combined action of acute irradiation and clinostating. Gamma irradiation in doses equivalent to those in the spacecraft cabin (1 - 6 Gy) induced dose-dependent changes in the topology and cytogenetic state of the root apical meristem, as well as slightly inhibited of the early plant development. In the meristem, heterogeneity increased, PCD indexes, mainly proliferative death and autophagy, increased. With the combined action of gamma irradiation (2 Gy) and clinostating, the density of autophagosomes in the epidermal cell root apices of 6-day-old seedlings increased (24 hours after irradiation), and after 4 days it decreased, compared to the non-irradiated control.
Ontology-based Conversational Recommender System for Recommending Camera

The camera is a product that has developed very quickly in terms of specifications and functions. In addition, the cameras available on the market are becoming increasingly varied, so customers need more time to find a camera that suits their needs. Currently, many recommender systems have been developed to assist users in finding suitable products, especially the conversational recommender system (CRS). CRS is a recommender system that recommends products through conversations between the user and the system. However, many developed CRS still forces users to have knowledge of the product's technical characteristics. In the real world, many people are not familiar with the technical features of products, especially cameras. People interact more easily with CRS by stating the camera function they want. In this study, we call that statement functional requirements. Therefore, we proposed a CRS for recommending cameras that interact with users using functional requirements. This CRS uses semantic reasoning techniques on ontologies. To evaluate system performance, we use two parameters, i.e., user satisfaction and recommendation accuracy. The evaluation results show that the accuracy of the recommendations is at a value of 82.35%, and the level of user satisfaction reaches 0.66. With these results, the system can provide recommendations accurately and satisfy users.
Correcting moments of in situ particle distribution functions for spacecraft electrostatic charging

We first introduce previous works on spacecraft electrostatic charging and its effects on particle measurements and the calculation of moments from three‐dimensional distribution functions. We illustrate the fact that the lack of use, or misuse, of Liouville's theorem may lead to misinterpretations and inappropriate corrections to those effects. We emphasize in particular that its appropriate use naturally accounts for what is often called the “sheath focusing effect” in moment calculation. In the case of a “perfect” particle detector we show that there exists a trivial and essentially exact formulation for the calculation of moments of particle distribution functions that accounts for the spacecraft potential and that is particularly useful for onboard moment calculations. The main limitations, but that are not specific to this formulation, are inaccuracies in angle information (from blurring of acceptance angles at low energies or spacecraft‐skimming trajectory effects) and those arising from the detector properties (resolution, cutoffs, photoelectrons, etc.). We discuss this correction in the context of previous works and remind that it primarily affects low‐energy measurements and for populations whose temperature is comparable to the potential. Based on spacecraft observations, we show that this correction is most needed for regimes such as that of solar wind electrons but also for cold ions as often observed, for instance, in the magnetosphere near the Earth's magnetopause.
Understanding the True Dynamics of a Space Manipulator from Its Testing with Air-Bearing based Support Equipment

A space manipulator can easily handle a large payload with a much larger mass than the manipulator itself in a 3D space. However, physical test of a long space manipulator handling a large-mass payload on the ground, even in a 2D space, is very difficult due to the gravity effect. A common approach for such testing is to use a support equipment with air-bearing pads to support the manipulator and the payload such that the robot can operate in a horizontal floor like floating in a microgravity environment. However, such a test methodology suffers a major problem: the air-bearing based support equipment is large and massive when the manipulator is long (e.g., 10 meters or longer) and/or its payload is heavy (e.g., 500 kg or heavier), which adds significant inertial loads to the robot when it maneuvers with the test system. As a result, the manipulator has to make significantly more effort than it needs for the same task in space. Moreover, the attached air-bearings along with the support structures also change the dynamics characteristics of the manipulator such as the natural frequencies, stiffness, damping as well as the performance of the robot’s closed-loop control system. The problem may not be so significant when the manipulator is small (say, less than 5 meters long) but it basically invalidates the test when the manipulator is large such as the Space Station Remote Manipulator System (SSRMS). In this paper we present a study to understand the true dynamics of the tested space manipulator. In the study we developed a general model of the extra load exerted on the manipulator by air-bearing based support equipment. Understandably, modeling the support equipment is much easier and more accurate than modeling the manipulator because the former is just a simple and passive structure. Then, we use this load model to decouple the dynamics of the tested manipulator from the rest of the tested system. With such an approach, we can understand the true dynamics of the space manipulator although it has to be constrained to a massive air-bearing based support equipment for testing.
Orbital angular momentum of laser beam in the turbulent medium: asymptotic estimates and numerical simulation

Numerical simulation and analytical calculations of the variance of fluctuations of the total orbital angular momentum (OAM) of Laguerre—Gaussian and Gaussian laser beams propagating in the randomly inhomogeneous atmosphere have been carried out. It is shown that as such beams propagate in the weakly turbulent atmosphere, the relative variance of OAM fluctuations remains much smaller than the relative variance of intensity fluctuations.
Optimal Quasi-Monte Carlo Valuation OfDerivative Securities

For manyapplicationsofcomputationalfinance,theuse ofquasirandomsequences seems to providea faster rate of convergencethan pseudorandomsequences. However, at present there are only a few choices of quasirandom sequences. By scrambling a quasirandom sequence we can produce a family of related quasirandom sequences. Finding an optimal quasirandom sequence within this family is an interesting problem, as such optimal quasirandom sequences can be quite useful in applications. The process of finding such optimal quasirandom sequences is called the derandomization of a randomized (scrambled) family. In this paper, we summarize aspects of this technique and explore applications of optimal quasirandom sequences to evaluate a particular derivative security. We find that the optimal quasirandom sequences give promising results even for high dimensions.