Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
physiology and regulatory T cell response to immediate or delayed access to feed and water in Pekin ducklings 1 , 2

This study investigated the effects of delayed access to feed and water on early duckling growth, selected aspects of intestinal physiology, and immune responses. Ducklings were assigned to one of 2 experimental groups. In one treatment group (referred to as the fed group), feed and water were provided beginning on d 0, and in the other treatment group (referred to as the withheld group), feed and water were withheld until d 2. The ducklings in the withheld treatment had lower BW at 2 and 6 d posthatch than ducklings in the fed group. At 8 d posthatch (6 d postfeeding), the BW of the ducklings in the withheld group was comparable to the BW of the 6-d-old ducklings in the fed group. At 2 d posthatch, withheld ducklings had lower absolute and relative duodenum plus pancreas weight than fed ducklings. At 8 d posthatch (6 d postfeeding), withheld ducklings had higher absolute and relative duodenum plus pancreas weight than fed ducklings at 6 d posthatch. At 2 d posthatch, mucin 5B mRNA content was approximately 2 times lower in withheld ducklings ( P = 0.09) than in fed ducklings. At 6 d posthatch, mucin 5b mRNA content was approximately 2.5-fold higher in withheld ducklings ( P = 0.07) than in fed ducklings. Delayed access to feed and water increased the CD25 + cell number in the cecal tonsil at 2, 6, and 8 d posthatch. The IL-10 content of CD25 + cells was higher in the withheld ducklings than in the fed ducklings at 2 and 6 d posthatch. In conclusion, delaying access of ducklings with no experimental pathogen infection to feed and water has no long-term effects on early growth parameters, intestinal physiology, and immune responses.
Software Defined Radio Transceiver Front−ends in the Beginning of the Internet Era

— A mobile terminal today embeds a large number of technologies that maximize its interconnection capabilities. Regardless it is long or short range communication, the wireless terminal is definitely enabled to communicate efficiently over a large number of wireless standards. Nonetheless, the ideal candidate for such a mobile terminal radio front-end is the Software Defined Radio (SDR). This paper overlooks the key features required for a SDR in the beginning of the internet era and brings light on what is the best way to approach the SDR receiver design.
High power transmission properties of all-solid photonic bandgap fibre and its application to Raman amplification

The application of solid core photonic bandgap fibres to high power transmission in fibre amplification systems is presented. Because of the spectral filtering characteristics of such fibres with at least several hundreds of dB/km outside the transmission window of the spectrum, stimulated Raman scattering can be reduced. The limitations of such fibres in high power transmission are discussed based on experimental results.
Theoretical Aspects of Labor Market Development

- By the author analyzed theoretical aspects or labor market development. Also was described the essence of scientific theories on the development of the labor market, including Keynesian and monetarist theories. The main directions of application of the Shapiro-Stiglitz model are proposed for sustainable development of the labor market and ensuring its balance taking into account new factors.
Retrieval of H 2 O abundance in Titan ’ s stratosphere : a 1 ( re ) analysis of CIRS / Cassini and PACS / Herschel 2 observations

17 Since its first measurement 20 years ago by the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO), the water (H2O) mole fraction in Titan’s stratosphere remains uncertain due to large differences between the determinations from available measurements. More particularly, the recent measurements made from the Herschel observatory (PACS and HIFI) estimated the H2O mole fraction to be 0.023 ppb at 12.1 mbar. A mixing ratio of 0.14 ppb at 10.7 mbar was, however, retrieved from nadir spatially-resolved observations of Cassini/CIRS. At the same pressure level (10.7 mbar), this makes a difference of a factor of 5.5 between PACS and CIRS measurements, and this has notably prevented current models from fully constraining the oxygen flux flowing into Titan’s atmosphere. In this work, we try to understand the differences between Preprint submitted to Icarus March 30, 2018 the H2O mole fractions estimated from Herschel/PACS and Cassini/CIRS observations. The strategy for this is to 1) analyse recent disc-averaged observations of CIRS to investigate if the observation geometry could explain the previous observed differences, and 2) (re)analyse the three types of observation with the same retrieval scheme to assess if previous differences in retrieval codes/methodology could be responsible for the previous discrepancies. With this analysis, we show that using the same retrieval method better reconcile the previous measurements of these instruments. However, the addition of the disc-averaged CIRS observations, instead of confirming the consistency between the different datasets, reveals discrepancies between one of the CIRS disc-averaged set of observations and PACS measurements. This raises new questions regarding the possibility of latitudinal variations of H2O, which could be triggered by seasonal changes of the meridional circulation. As it has already been shown for nitriles and hydrocarbons, this circulation could potentially impact the latitudinal distribution of H2O through the subsidence or upwelling of air rich in H2O. The possible influence of spatial/time variations of the OH/H2O input flux in Titan’s atmosphere is also discussed. The analysis of more observations will be needed in future work to address the questions arising from this work and to improve the understanding of the sources of H2O in Titan’s atmosphere.
Iodine, Ingesting or not? of Nutritional Disorders and Therapy

Currently, the population use medicines that contain fluorine/chlorine and ingest bromide that is found in breads, thus they occupy the place iodine injuring the thyroid. Iodine deficiency is a major public health problem thus as medical iodophobia. This mini-review addresses the effect of iodine supplementation in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases. In this baseline, there are six systematic reviews published in the last 6 years beyond WHO/ UNICEF encourage the safe use iodine in the dosages of 200 µg/day during in pregnancy and 250 µg/day in lactating women. However, one study Australian showed that of 396 healthcare providers only 71% were aware of the National Health and Medical Research Council's recommendation for iodine supplementation, (38%) were aware of the recommended dose or and (44%) duration. Beyond of knowing therapeutic property iodine, a clinical trial showed that iodine supplementation in overweight women reduces the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia. Although there is strong evidence showed that iodine prevents and fight various diseases some doctors and gynecologists still not prescribe iodine in pregnancy and lactation by fear, ignorance or lack of knowledge. Thereby, one change of paradigm in the current medical model in relation in to iodine intake needs to be urgently done.
The Casson-Walker invariant for branched cyclic covers of Ssp 3 branched over a doubled knot

In 1985, A. Casson defined an invariant λ for oriented integral homology 3spheres by using representations from their fundamental group into SU{2) [1]. It was extended to an invariant for rational homology 3-spheres by K. Walker [11]. In 1993, C. Lescop [9] gave a formula to calculate this invariant for rational homology 3-spheres when they are presented by framed links and showed that it naturally extends to an invariant for all 3-manifolds. Let L be a link in S and let Σ£ be its n-fold cyclic branched cover. Define λn(L) = λ(Σ£). Then λn becomes an invariant of links. For doubles of knots, torus knots and iterated torus knots, A. Davidow (see [3], [4]) calculated Casson's integer invariant for n-fold branched covers, when Σ •£• is an integral homology sphere. For any links, D. Mullins [10] have succeeded in calculating Casson-Walker's rational valued invariant for 2-fold branched covers, when Y? L is a rational homology sphere. In this paper, using C. Lescop's formula and the result of D. Mullins, we will calculate the Casson-Walker invariant for branched cyclic covers of S 3 branched over the m-twisted double of a knot. We will show the following theorem and corollary.
Caluromys lanatus . Caluromys J. A. Allen, 1900

Didelphis Linnaeus, 1758:54. Part. Didelphys Schreber, 1778:532. Part, unjustified emendation of Didelphis Linnaeus, 1758. Sarigua Muirhead, 1819:429. Part, vide Allen (1900:186). Micoureus Lesson, 1842:186. Part. Philander Burmeister, 1856:74. Type species Philander cayopollin Burmeister, 1856 ( Didelphis philander Linnaeus, 1758), by subsequent designation (Hershkovitz 1949:12). Preoccupied by Philander Brisson, 1762 and Philander Tiedemann, 1808. Gamba Liais, 1872:330. Part. Cuica Liais, 1872:330. Part. Micoureus: Ihering, 1894:11. Part. Caluromys J. A. Allen, 1900:189. Type species Didelphis philander Linnaeus, 1758 by original designation. Replacement name for Philander Burmeister, 1856. Micoureus: Matschie, 1916:269. Part, not Micoureus Lesson, 1842. Mallodelphys Thomas, 1920:195, footnote. Type species Didelphis lanigera Desmarest, 1820 by original designation. Described as a subgenus of Philander sensu Burmeister (1856). Calaromys Miranda-Ribeiro, 1936:324. Incorrect subsequent spelling of Caluromys J. A. Allen, 1900. Mallodelphis Miranda-Ribeiro, 1936:328. Incorrect subsequent spelling of Mallodelphys Thomas, 1920; considered a valid genus. Calurosmys Ávila-Pires, 1964:11. Incorrect subsequent spelling of Caluromys J. A. Allen, 1900.
Local statistics for random domino tilings of the Aztec diamond

We prove an asymptotic formula for the probability that, if one chooses a domino tiling of a large Aztec diamond at random according to the uniform distribution on such tilings, the tiling will contain a domino covering a given pair of adjacent lattice squares. This formula quantifies the effect of the diamond's boundary conditions on the behavior of typical tilings; in addition, it yields a new proof of the arctic circle theorem of Jockusch, Propp, and Shor. Our approach is to use the saddle point method to estimate certain weighted sums of squares of Krawtchouk polynomials (whose relevance to domino tilings is demonstrated elsewhere), and to combine these estimates with some exponential sum bounds to deduce our final result. This approach generalizes straightforwardly to the case in which the probability distribution on the set of tilings incorporates bias favoring horizontal over vertical tiles or vice versa. We also prove a fairly general large deviation estimate for domino tilings of simply-connected planar regions that implies that some of our results on Aztec diamonds apply to many other similar regions as well.
MODULI STACK OF ELLIPTIC CURVES

This note does not contain original work by the authors. Its origin is the attempt to understand some details of the construction of the moduli stack of elliptic curves. As the details on several points seem to be hard to find in the literature (but are surely well-known to the experts), we thought it would be good to write them down before we forget them again ourselves. In particular, we tried to be very careful about noetherianity assumptions, as often used in e.g. cohomology and base change statements. The main sources for our note are [KM85], [DR73], [Ols16] and [Vis05]. We do not aim at making self-contained notes, which would be a far more extensive task. Thus, whenever we need a statement e.g. in algebraic geometry which is well-documented, we tend to just cite it (although we are not completely consistent on this). This note will probably contain errors at every level. Notifications about such as well as more general feedback are welcome.
A Review On Non Invasive Measurement For Hemoglobin

- In developing nations like India, rural areas are more as compared to urban areas. People from rural areas specially women don't do their regular checkup. Routine checkups can avoid diseases helps in mortality rate to a very large extent. The normal tests includes hemoglobin, blood sugar, ECG, urine and thyroid. All of these tests require blood sample of the patient. In this proposed method, a non-invasive method of ascertaining the different physiological parameters content in blood is described. The method proposed here uses a couple of photoplethysmographic (PPG) signals obtained by illuminating an extremity such as a finger or earlobe with monochromatic light at two different wavelengths. An empirical equation for calculation of hemoglobin content in blood is derived using a model for attenuation of light through skin-bone-tissue-blood in that extremity. The availability of PPGs facilitates the computation of hemoglobin content, heart rate, heart rate variability and oxygen saturation in arterial blood (SpO2) as well.
Applying genetic algorithms to the problem of variable selection in large datasets with interaction terms

Entropy measures have become increasingly popular as an evaluation metric for complexity in the analysis of time series data, especially in physiology and medicine. Entropy measures the rate of information gain, or degree of regularity in a time series e.g. heartbeat. Ideally, entropy should be able to quantify the complexity of any underlying structure in the series, as well as determine if the variation arises from a random process. Unfortunately current entropy measures mostly are unable to perform the latter differentiation. Thus, a high entropy score indicates a random or chaotic series, whereas a low score indicates a high degree of regularity. This leads to the observation that current entropy measures are equivalent to evaluating “how random” a series is, or conversely the degree of regularity in a time series. This raises the possibility that existing tests for randomness, such as the runs test or permutation test, may have similar utility in diagnosing certain conditions. This paper compares various tests for randomness with existing entropy-based measurements such as sample entropy, permutation entropy and multi-scale entropy. Our experimental results indicate that the test statistics of the runs test and permutation test are often highly correlated with entropy scores and may be able to provide further information regarding the complexity of time series.
Original Tax the Eggs, not the Hen

The VC industry provides an excellent example for an industry that is based on the ability to bring together ideas and high-risk capital in a process that generates value. Of particular interest is the case where the entrepreneurs reside in one country and the investors reside in another country. There are two types of benefits. The first type of benefits depends on the success of the young innovative technology firms. The second type of benefits depends on the total flow of high-risk capital from the country of the investors to the country where the investment takes place. While the benefits to the entrepreneurs and the shareholders are vastly discussed, the benefit to the hosting country is less explored. Successful entrepreneurs earn a lot of money in case of success. The high gains attract public pressure for higher and more effective capital gains tax. In this work we show that this to be a worthless and even harming. We show that the benefits are both direct in the form of taxes and indirect as higher wages. We use hand-picked database to estimate the total benefit to a small country that was successful in attracting international VC funding. Our main result is that the Income tax collected from VC backed employees is 10.7 higher than the Capital tax gained from exits. The call for the taxation of capital gains of the wealthy individuals could materially hurt the revenue of the hosting country
Dynamics and control of open quantum systems : applications to exciton dynamics in quantum dots and vibrational dynamics in carboxyhemoglobin

This thesis work analyses aspects of dissipative quantum dynamics, with a view to look for further possibilities of controlling the dynamics with shaped laser pulses. The first part concerns the problem of efficient population transfer in mesoscopic zero-dimensional solid state systems - InAs quantum dots embedded in GaAs matrix. In these systems the consequences of laser driving induced dissipation of exciton dynamics are analyzed, in relation to adiabatic population transfer. Specifically, the problem of robust creation of exciton and biexciton states are addressed through numerical simulations and analytical approaches using a non-Markovian density matrix based analysis, suitable for dealing with dissipative quantum dynamics under strong laser fields. A physical picture describing phonon induced dissipation among dressed state has emerged as a consistent interpretation of the underlying dynamics. Furthermore, suitable parameter regimes where efficient population transfer can be achieved are proposed. The second part deals with the population transfer to high lying vibrational states of the CO stretching mode of carboxy-hemoglobin molecule in the native protein environment. On the basis of a fluctuating potential for the CO stretching mode, ultrafast pump-probe spectra are simulated using quantum wave packet propagation. To this end, Local Control Theory was employed to find design a set of laser pulses which accomplish the 'vibrational ladder climbing' and selective state preparation despite the detrimental fluctuations induced by the protein environment. These results will be providing benchmarks for the future experimental efforts.
Organizational knowledge management and sharing A study in the Federal Direct Administration

Purpose – This paper aims to identify empirically the in ﬂ uence of learning mechanisms provided by organizations onknowledgesharing intheorganizationalenvironment. Design/methodology/approach – A quantitative study was developed in which a sample of 268 individuals from civil and military organizations of the Federal Direct Administration was researched. The questionnaire used was composed of the Organizational Learning Mechanism Scale, which was adapted at the time of the present study, in addition to a scale on knowledge sharing, which was developed within the scope of this research. After performing the factorial analysis for both scales, a canonical correlation analysis was performed between the group of variables associated with the learning mechanisms (independent variables) and the group of variables on knowledge sharing (dependent variables). Findings – The results found in the canonical correlation analysis indicate that the learning mechanisms are responsible for explaining 35 per cent of the variance ( R 2 = 0.352) of the group of variables on knowledge sharing. Practical implications – The ﬁ ndings of this research can help the researched organizations to increase the knowledge management actions, mainly in relation to the actions that favor social interaction among the individuals in the work environment, making possible the exchange of knowledge and experiences in the internal organizational context, and exploring in a positive way actions related to internal acquisition. Social implications – The deeper knowledge about the relationship between organizational actions promoted by top management and knowledge support decision-making in the organizational environment regarding contextual factors that in ﬂ uence social interaction between individuals. In relation to the sharing of knowledge, a high correlation of knowledge absorption and reproduction aspects with the knowledge sharing phenomenon was perceived, so that the possibility of organizations thinking in ways that provide the individual with formalandinformalenvironmentscan be foreseen. Originality/value – The main contributions of this research are to measure the intensity of the relationship between learning mechanisms and knowledge sharing; and to test the predictive effect of learning mechanisms on knowledge sharing. Regarding the methodological aspects, it was opportune to approach the phenomenon through a little used lens in the context of administration research: the analysis of canonical correlation, which represents another look at the in ﬂ uence of the envisage signi ﬁ cant contributions of this work to the analysis and theoretical re ﬁ nement of the study of the variablestreated.
Black holes and stellar structures in f(R)-gravity

In the last ten years, increasing attention has been devoted to Extended Theories of Gravity with the aim to understand several cosmological and astrophysical issues such as the today observed accelerated expansion of the universe and the presence of Dark Matter in self-gravitating structures. Some of these models assume modifications of General Relativity by adding higher order terms of curvature invariants like the Ricci scalar R, the Ricci tensor Rμν and the Riemann tensors Rμνλσ, or the presence of suitable scalar fields like the former Brans-Dicke theory. It is therefore natural to ask for black hole solutions in this context since, on the one hand, black holes signatures may be the test-bed to compare new models to the Einstein gravity; on the other hand, they may lead to rule out models which disagree with observations. Although black holes are one of the most striking predictions of General Relativity, they remain one of its least tested concepts. Electromagnetic observations allow indirectly to infer their existence, but direct evidences remains elusive. In the next decade, data coming from very long-baseline interferometry and gravitational wave detectors should allow to image and study black holes in detail. Such observations will test General Relativity in the non-linear and strong-field regimes where data are currently lacking. Testing strong-field features of General Relativity is of utmost importance to physics and astrophysics as a whole. This is because the black holes solutions, such as the Schwarzschild and Kerr metrics, enter several calculations, including accretion disk structure, gravitational lensing, cosmology and gravitational waves theory. These black hole solutions could indicate strong-field departures from General Relativity with deep implications for the still unknown fundamental theory of gravity. Beside the physical interest, black hole solutions represent a very active area for mathematical physics investigations. Here we review the problem of black holes in a particular class of Extended Theories of Gravity, the so called f(R)-gravity, discussing some resolution techniques, obtaining exact solutions and comparing results with standard General Relativity. Furthermore, we discuss the problems of hydrostatic equilibrium and stellar structure in the context of f(R)-gravity showing that new features could emerge. The observation of such features could both explain the physics of exotic self-gravitating objects and constitute a signature for Extended Theories of Gravity.
Reproducibility of the Experimental Result of BERT for Evidence Retrieval and Claim Verification

We attempt to reproduce the result of BERT for Evidence Retrieval and Claim Verification [1]. The original paper use BERT for the task of evidence-based claim verification using FEVER dataset 50K Wikipedia pages [2] and it achieves a new state of the art recall of 87.1 for retrieving evidence sentences the dataset, and scores second in the leaderboard with the FEVER score of 69.7. We discuss their experiment design, metric used and attempt to reproduce their result. By reviewing the process describe by the original paper, we conclude that their experiment design is questionable, and the result might not be able to generalize well. Although we are not able to confirm the number due to various difficulties encountered for recreating the dataset and the time frame limitation, we document the list of problem and our effort we have done to resolve them in the process.