Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clinical and Laboratory Diagnosis of Legionella Pneumonia

Legionella pneumonia is a relatively rare but extremely progressive pulmonary infection with high mortality. Traditional cultural isolation remains the gold standard for the diagnosis of Legionella pneumonia. However, its harsh culture conditions, long turnaround time, and suboptimal sensitivity do not meet the clinical need for rapid and accurate diagnosis, especially for critically ill patients. So far, pathogenic detection techniques including serological assays, urinary antigen tests, and mass spectrometry, as well as nucleic acid amplification technique, have been developed, and each has its own advantages and limitations. This review summarizes the clinical characteristics and imaging findings of Legionella pneumonia, then discusses the advances, advantages, and limitations of the various pathogenetic detection techniques used for Legionella pneumonia diagnosis. The aim is to provide rapid and accurate guiding options for early identification and diagnosis of Legionella pneumonia in clinical practice, further easing healthcare burden.
Determinants of maternal and household social inequalities of dental caries among Senegalese children in the Department of Pikine

Introduction the problematic of social Inequalities in oral health remains a global concern; it constitutes evidence of social injustice. The present work aims to study the determinants of maternal and household social inequalities of children´s dental caries in Pikine. Methods cross-sectional epidemiological survey has been conducted in the department of Pikine, Senegal on 315 children aged 3 to 9 and their mothers. The clinical data on children´s caries have been obtained by clinical examination and the socio-economic data by a questionnaire submitted to mothers. Pearson chi-square and trend tests as well as a logistic model were used in the data analysis. Results the prevalence of dental caries in children was 64.8% and the mixed decayed, filled, missing (DFM) index was 2.5 (±2.7). The trend test showed significant inequalities in the prevalence of dental caries according to level of studies (p<0.001), profession (p<0.010) and contacts frequency (p<0.001) of mothers; the level of wealth (p<0.001) and structure (p<0.005) of households. According to the logistic regression model, the level of secondary or university education [OR (IC 95%) = 0.59 (0.33'>OR (IC 95%) = 0.59 (0.33-0.93)] or social network dynamism [OR (IC 95%) = 0.32(0.15'>OR (IC 95%) = 0.32(0.15-0.67)] of mothers; as well as wealthy families [OR (IC 95%) = 0.23(0.08'>OR (IC 95%) = 0.23(0.08-0.64) were associated to fewer risks of dental caries among children. Conclusion some socio-economic characteristics of the mother and the household social conditions are identified as determinants of dental caries social inequalities in Children. Proportionate universalism may be a good approach to reduce this problematic in Pikine.
A Framework for prediction of dropout in distance learning through XAI techniques in Virtual Learning Environment

Um desafio na modalidade EaD é combater a evasão, que segundo a ABED, varia entre 21 e 50%. Para este fim, diversos métodos de mineração de dados foram aplicados, utilizando dados de interações dos alunos no AVA. Contudo, um problema relevante é selecionar as melhores características (variáveis/atributos) para predição da evasão. Neste artigo, propomos um arcabouço que utiliza métodos de explicabilidade (XAI-SHAP) para selecionar atributos com maior poder preditivo em VLE que utilizam CMS terceirizados. Após a seleção, o modelo proposto alcançou resultados de recall 0,96 e precision 0,95, compatíveis com o estado da arte, porém utilizando um conjunto menor de atributos e uma base de dados com menor número de instâncias.
THE STRUCTURE OF GIANT EXTRAGALACTIC H-II REGIONS IN NGC 1365, 1566, AND 2997

Chains of H-II regions and complexes in NGC 1365, 1566, and 2997 have been spectroscopically mapped. The forbidden N II/forbidden O II, forbidden S II/forbidden O II, and (forbidden O II + forbidden O III)/H-beta line ratios are shown to vary significantly from pixel to pixel, with the amplitude of pixel-to-pixel line fluctuation being highest for line ratios involving forbidden O II and forbidden O III. It is suggested that the line ratio fluctuations are due to the varying density distributions of the electrons and the different line ratios produced by the various ions. 46 refs.
Latent Potential of Multifunctional Selenium Nanoparticles in Neurological Diseases and Altered Gut Microbiota

Neurological diseases remain a major concern due to the high world mortality rate and the absence of appropriate therapies to cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Therefore, the major focus is on the development of such strategies that not only enhance the efficacy of drugs but also increase their permeability in the BBB. Currently, nano-scale materials seem to be an appropriate approach to treating neurological diseases based on their drug-loading capacity, reduced toxicity, targeted delivery, and enhanced therapeutic effect. Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient and has been of remarkable interest owing to its essential role in the physiological activity of the nervous system, i.e., signal transmission, memory, coordination, and locomotor activity. A deficiency of Se leads to various neurological diseases such as Parkinson’s disease, epilepsy, and Alzheimer’s disease. Therefore, owing to the neuroprotective role of Se (selenium) nanoparticles (SeNPs) are of particular interest to treat neurological diseases. To date, many studies investigate the role of altered microbiota with neurological diseases; thus, the current review focused not only on the recent advancement in the field of nanotechnology, considering SeNPs to cure neurological diseases, but also on investigating the potential role of SeNPs in altered microbiota.
A descriptive study comparing the foot and ankle structure and dynamics in children with cerebral palsy and children without cerebral palsy

This study will conduct to investigate the effects of foot and ankle characteristics on balance and function in children with Cerebral Palsy and healthy children. A total of 37 children; 17 healthy subjects and 20 children who diagnosed with Cerebral Palsy will included in the study. All of the childrens’ foot postures will determine with the foot posture index, navicular drop test, navicular height and arc height ratio calculation. In addition to these procedures, static and dynamic pedobarographic analysis will performe. Postural sway will measure on the stabilometric platform. Balance and functional performance will measure by using; the pediatric balance scale, pediatric reach test and timed performance tests such as the tind up and go test, time up-down stair test, ten meter walking test will performe. The differences of these parameters between two groups and the relationship between foot posture parameters, balance and functional tests will investigate.
Effects of tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane and egg yolk on the cryopreservation of buck semen

Objectives: This study was designed to examine the effects of various concentrations of tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane (tris) and egg yolk on the quality of cryopreserved buck sperm. Materials and Methods: The collected semen samples were pooled, washed, and diluted into five different freezing extender groups, viz., extender I (tris 0% + egg yolk 0%), extender II (tris 1.41% + egg yolk 4%), extender III (tris 2.41% + egg yolk 8%), extender IV (tris 3.41% + egg yolk 16%), and extender V (tris 4.41% + egg yolk 24%). The sperm parameter of the five groups of extenders was evaluated after equilibration and cryopreservation. Results: The results showed that extenders II–V provided significantly higher semen progressive motility and total motility percentages than extender I after equilibration (p < 0.05). The higher percentages of semen progressive motility, total motility, viability, and plasma membrane integrity (by both HOST under light microscopy and stain after HOST under light microscopy) were found in the sperm cryopreserved with extender IV than extender I, extender II, and extender III groups after thawing (p < 0.05). In addition, semen progressive motility, total motility, and viability were not further increased, or plasma membrane integrity (by both HOST tests) was decreased by the addition of tris and egg yolk (extender V) after cryopreservation (p < 0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, our result indicates that the following washing, the supplementation of tris (3.41% + egg yolk 16%) on the freezing extender are suitable for improving the semen quality of buck after freezing and thawing.
A Generative Verification Framework on Statistical Stability for Data-Driven Controllers

This study proposes a novel framework for evaluating the stability of data-driven controllers and the concept of statistical stability. The proposed framework can be used when it is challenging to show stability through conventional control theory. The novelty of this paper lies in that it provides a method for scientifically analyzing the stability of data-driven controllers, thereby improving the quality of data-driven controllers. The proposed framework consists of three parts: the generative model, controller optimizer, and verification model. A variational autoencoder is used to classify and randomly generate data, and the generated data are used to train the controller. A support vector machine is used to classify areas where the controller is statistically stable. The statistical stability of an optimal controller designed using a deep neural network structure is analyzed using the proposed framework.
Optically transparent bionanofiber composites with low sensitivity to refractive index of the polymer matrix

Transparent polymers were reinforced by bacterial cellulose (BC) nanofibers, which are 10×50nm ribbon-shaped fibers. They exhibited high luminous transmittance at a fiber content as high as 60 wt %, and low sensitivity to a variety of refractive indices of matrix resins. Due to the nanofiber size effect, high transparency was obtained against a wider distribution of refractive index of resins from 1.492 to 1.636 at 20 °C. The optical transparency was also surprisingly insensitive to temperature increases up to 80 °C. As such, BC nanofibers appear to be viable candidates for optically transparent reinforcement.
Unwanted Indoor Air Quality Effects from Using Ultraviolet C Lamps for Disinfection

Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) is known to inactivate various viruses and bacteria, including SARS-CoV-2, and is widely applied especially in medical facilities. This inactivation results from the high photon energies causing molecular bonds to break, but when nonpathogen molecules are affected, unwanted effects may occur. Here, we explored the effect of a commercial high-intensity (∼2 kW) UVC disinfection device on the composition and concentration of gases and particles in indoor air. We find that the UVC (254 nm) caused dramatic increases in particle number concentrations, and nearly all (∼1000) monitored gas phase species also increased. These responses were unsurprising when considering the typical impacts of UVC on atmospheric chemistry. High particle concentrations are associated with adverse health effects, suggesting that the impact of UVGI devices on indoor air quality (IAQ) should be studied in much more detail. The high-intensity device in this study was intended for short durations in unoccupied rooms, but lower-intensity devices for continuous use in occupied rooms are also widely applied. This makes further studies even more urgent, as the potential IAQ effects of these approaches remain largely unexplored. © 2023 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.
Effects of Ambient Vertical Wind Shear on the Inner-Core Asymmetries and Vertical Tilt of a Simulated Tropical Cyclone

The distributions of precipitation, radar reectivity, and vertical motion associated with tropical cy clones frequently exhibit a signi cant degree of wavenumber-one asymmetry within the intense inner core. Recent observational and numerical studies attributed the convective asymmetry to the ambient vertical wind shear in which the storms were embedded. However, the precise mechanisms by which the environmental shear controls the convective asymmetry are not yet fully established. Although a previous numerical study by the author suggested that a thermal-wind adjustment to the shear-induced vortex tilt may be a primary mechanism responsible for the asymmetry, the reason why the rainfall maxima were observed predominantly in the downshear-left quadrant (looking downshear) in the Northern Hemisphere rather than right downshear remains to be answered.In the present study, an analytical formula for the amplitude of shear-induced vertical motion asymme try developed in the previous study based on the proposed mechanism was applied to the numerical simu lation data obtained for Typhoon Chaba in 2004. As a result, high correlation coefcients were calculated between simulated and formula-predicted vertical motion asymmetries, especially at low levels where the diabatic enhancement of upward motion was not so signicant, conrming that the proposed mechanism may be a primary triggering mechanism for the vertical motion asymmetry.In the study, to discover the processes that govern the directional preference for the rainfall maxima, a Lagrangian trajectory approach was applied to the simulation data. The results suggested that asym metric water vapor distribution caused by shear-induced vertical motion was a primary factor to locate the rainfall maxima on the downshear-left side rather than right downshear of the storm center. In addition, it was found that the near-collocation in azimuth of upward motion maxima and vortex tilts, which was com monly observed in this and other simulations, was inextricably linked to the formation mechanism for the asymmetric water vapor distribution.
The Impact of the Working Hours Among Malaysian Nurses on Their Ill-Being, Intention to Leave, and the Perceived Quality of Care: A Cross-Sectional Study During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Purpose This study explores the effect of working duration on nurses and their ill-being (ie, anxiety, depression, fatigue, and sleepiness), intention to leave, and the quality of nursing care. Methods A questionnaire survey was employed for a convenience sample of 400 nurses at Malacca General Hospital in Malaysia who voluntarily participated in this cross-sectional study. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to treat and analyze the data. Descriptive statistics were generated, and Post Hoc analyses and ANOVA tests were conducted. Results Findings indicated that working hours duration was significantly associated with nurses’ anxiety (F (4, 394) = 10.362, p <0.001), depression (F (4, 395) = 23.041, p< 0.001), fatigue (F (4, 395) = 24.232, p< 0.001), sleepiness (F (4, 395) = 4.324, p < 0.002), quality of nursing care (F (4, 395) = 16.21, p <0.001) and intention leave their job, (F (4, 395) = 50.29, p <0.001). The results also revealed that working more than 14 hours was negatively associated with their perceived quality of nursing care and positively associated with their perceived ill-being and intention to leave. Conclusion Shift length is an important issue, and nursing managers must consider shift length as it can adversely correlate with the nurses’ perceptions of work and life.
The Variability of the Asian Summer Monsoon

The Asian monsoon is the most significant component of the global climate system. During recent two decades, a more and more efforts have been made to study the Asian monsoon. A substantial achievement has been made in basic physical processes, predictability and prediction since the MONEX of 1978-1979. The major advance in our new understanding of the variability of the Asian summer monsoon has been highlighted in this paper. The present paper is structured with four parts. The first part is the introduction, indicating the new regional division of the Asian monsoon system and significant events of the history of the Asian monsoon research. The second part discusses the annual cycle and seasonal march of the Asian monsoon as the mean state, with a special emphasis on the onset, propagation, active-break cycle and withdrawal of the Asian summer monsoon. The process and mechanism of the earliest onset of the Asian summer monsoon which takes place in the near-equatorial East Indian ocean-central and southern Indochina Peninsula have been well documented. The third part deals with the multiple scale variability of the Asian summer monsoon, including the intraseasonal, interannual and inter-decadal variability. Their dominant modes such as 10-20 day and 30-60 day oscillations for the intraseasonal variability, the Tropospheric Biennial Oscillation (TBO), the Indian Ocean Dippole Mode (IODM) and teleconnection patterns for interannual variability and the 60-year oscillation for the inter-decadal variability, as well as related SST-monsoon relationship and land-monsoon relationship have been discussed in more details. The fourth part is the conclusion, summarizing the major findings and proposing future work.
New efficient algorithm for solving thermodynamic chemistry

Modeling thermodynamic equilibrium of complex nonlinear chemical systems with the most used Newton-Raphson method can lead to nonconvergence. From the mathematical properties of the set of equations, a chemically permitted interval is defined. By imposing this interval, the robustness of the Newton-Raphson method is increased at a low computing time cost. The new method, the positive continuous fraction, does not depend on the first derivative of the objective function to find the solution. A new algorithm is thus built by the association of this very robust method with the fast Newton-Raphson method and the definition of the chemically allowed interval. This combined algorithm is very impressive in terms of reliability, robustness, and speed.
Optimal Placement of Distributed Generation Units for Microgrid Planning in Distribution Networks

Due to increasing penetration of renewable distributed generation (DG), conventional distribution networks have been gradually transforming into their active form, where microgrids may serve as fundamental building blocks. As the primary step towards microgrid planning, optimal DGs placement and sizing can reduce the total energy losses by localizing power supply to loads. In this paper, a DG optimal placement method by minimizing the total energy losses is proposed, where the planning is formulated as a non-linear programming (NLP) problem. AC optimal power flow (OPF) is used to solve this planning problem by considering operational constraints and uncertainties in load and renewable power generation of the network. IEEE 33-bus test system and a real 404-bus distribution system operated by Saskatoon Light and Power in Saskatoon, Canada are used to validate the proposed method. The proposed method also shows superior performance compared to existing methods.
Three-dimensional reconstruction with x-ray shape-from-silhouette

In the field of restoration of ancient handworks, X-ray tomography is a powerful method to reconstruct the internal structure of the object in non-invasive way. In some cases, such as small objects fully realized with hard metals and completely hidden by clay or products of oxidation, the tomography, although necessary to obtain the 3D appearance of the object, does not give any additional information on its internal monolithic structure. We present here the application of the shape-from-silhouette technique on X-ray images to reconstruct the 3D profile of handworks. The acquisition technique is similar to tomography, since several X-ray images are taken while the object is rotated. Some reference points are placed on a structure co-rotating with the object and are acquired on the images for calibration and registration. The shape-from-silhouette algorithm gives finally the 3D appearance of the handwork. We present the analysis of a tin pendant of VI-VIII century b.C. (Venetian area) completely hidden by solid ground. The 3D reconstruction shows surprisingly that the pendant is a very elaborated piece, with two embraced figures that were completely invisible before restoration.
Dispersion management of optical fibre solitons

Our work is based upon numerical integration of the nonlinear Schrodinger equation (NLS), using a dispersion map. This comprised equal lengths of alternating normal and anomalous fibres, although the unit cell is defined to start and end at the mid point of one of the fibres. In all the examples presented each of the fibres will be 100km long. The nonlinear coefficient was taken to be 2.65 rad/W/km. To simplify the problem we have chosen to neglect loss and high order dispersion throughout.
The kinematics of the ionized gas in the Circinus galaxy

The TAURUS-2 Fabry–Perot interferometer, mounted on the 3.9-m Anglo-Australian Telescope, has been used to observe the Circinus galaxy. We have mapped the intensity and velocity distribution of the ionized hydrogen in the galaxy using the Balmer series Hα spectral line. The semiresolved core (observed with a seeing disc of 30 pc) appears amorphous in shape, which is commonly observed in Seyfert 2 galaxies. Its peak coincides with the core position measured in the radio continuum, suggesting that ionized gas surrounds a non-thermal source. A circumnuclear ring or spiral of radius 220 pc and a rotational velocity of 350 km s−1 (assuming circular motions) surrounds the core. The inclination angle of this feature, i=40°±10°, is less than that of the previously observed radio continuum disc. The velocity channel maps obtained for the Hα ring show that the kinematics resemble those of a rotating ring and the intensity displays a complex structure indicative of several, unresolved, H II regions. We believe the ring to represent a circumnuclear starburst. Our Hα data also show the presence of the previously detected [O III] ionization cone to the north-west of the core, measuring more than 400 pc in length. We suggest that the ionization cone lies in a different plane from that of the starburst ring and is directed away from us. Several kinematic components of the core are derived and we calculate an outflow velocity in excess of 150–200 km s−1 for gas above the core of Circinus. We also present evidence for inflowing ionized gas at the centre of Circinus. The correlation of the Hα and radio continuum features is discussed, as well as the possible presence of a starburst-driven superwind in the Circinus galaxy.
Shock waves in arbitrary fluids

The following investigation tries to clear up the general hydrodynamical and thermodynamical foundations of the shock phenomenon.1 The first part, Sections 2–5, answers the question: What are the conditions for the equation of state of a fluid under which shocks with their distinctive qualitative features may be produced. These conditions, enumerated in Section 3, are partly of differential, partly of global nature. The second part, Sections 6–7, investigates the physical structure of the shock layer whose “infinitesimal” width is of the order of magnitude e provided heat conductivity and viscosity are small of the same order. Initial state and final state are singular points for the differential equations of the shock layer, and it is shown that they are of such a nature as to make one expect the problem to have a unique solution.