Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Exercise on Major Depressive Disorder and Schizophrenia: A BDNF Focused Approach

Psychiatric disorders are remarkable health problems that cause a massive social and economic burden, and the issue of their long-term and effective treatment is subjected to discussion. The effect of physical activity and exercise is under investigation in the treatment of the major depressive disorder (MDD) and schizophrenia which are accompanied by cognitive dysfunctions. Scientists focus on the positive effects of exercise on learning, memory and attention parameters while investigating the regulatory role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). In this review, the effect of aerobic exercise on peripheral BDNF levels in MDD and schizophrenia is examined by including human studies in which acute and chronic aerobic exercise are applied. The results showed that aerobic exercise caused different responses on BDNF levels, and some of the studies were accompanied by the improvement in cognitive functions in BDNF changes. In order to comprehend the effect of aerobic exercise in MDD and schizophrenia, it is understood that applying studies on larger and paired participant groups with different exercise frequencies and tensions in necessary. ABSTRACT Cite this article as: Gökçe E, Güneş E, Nalçacı Effect of Exercise on Major Depressive Disorder and Schizophrenia: A BDNF Approach. and reducing plasma kynurenine. These studies indicate that PGC-1 α in the muscle and brain can mediate the effects of exercise on cognitive functions.
Diverse and dynamic DNA modifications in brain and diseases

DNA methylation is a class of epigenetic modification essential for coordinating gene expression timing and magnitude throughout normal brain development and for proper brain function following development. Aberrant methylation changes are associated with changes in chromatin architecture, transcriptional alterations and a host of neurological disorders and diseases. This review highlights recent advances in our understanding of the methylome’s functionality and covers potential new roles for DNA methylation, their readers, writers, and erasers. Additionally, we examine novel insights into the relationship between the methylome, DNA–protein interactions, and their contribution to neurodegenerative diseases. Lastly, we outline the gaps in our knowledge that will likely be filled through the widespread use of newer technologies that provide greater resolution into how individual cell types are affected by disease and the contribution of each individual modification site to disease pathogenicity. environment, and methylome variations in the molecular pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders.
Glacial crushing of limestone and the production of carbonate‐rich silts in a pleistocene glaciofluvial system: a potential source of loess in southern europe

Abstract This paper explores the modification of limestone bedrock and fine‐grained sediment within the Pleistocene glacial and proglacial environments of the rjen massif in western Montenegro. We have characterised the fine‐grained components of till and outwash using lithological and particle size data. Two main types of fine‐grained outwash sediment have been recognised and each is associated with a distinctive meltwater route. Fine‐grained sediments deposited downstream of bedrock gorges (type 1 meltwater route) typically display a bimodal particle size distribution, where the carbonate silt fraction (10–60 μm) has been depleted and non‐carbonate silts become dominant. This probably reflects both physical sorting and corrosion of the fine‐grained limestone sediment within the proglacial fluvial environment. The 10–60 μm component matches the particle size characteristics of typical loess. Fine‐grained outwash deposits from directly in front of the former ice margin (type 2 meltwater route) show unimodal particle size distributions which more closely resemble the grain size characteristics of the glacial till, but they also show evidence of silt depletion. We argue that the fine‐grained sediment exported from glaciated limestone catchments during the cold stages of the Pleistocene formed an important source of the carbonate‐rich loess in this region.
Cercas de uso pecuario en la cuenca del río La Antigua, México: Inventario florístico y costo de construcción

In spite of the fact that the fences are traditional and common technology in livestock regions of Mexico, we need more scientific knowledge about them. The objectives of this study were to study floristic aspects of the livestock live fences in a basin in the middle of the Veracruz state, and to make a comparative analysis of the construction cost in regard to other fences type. In order to analyze environmental conditions on the presence and use of tree species, the methodology consisted in taking some observational trips, botanical samples collection, photographs, and interviews with producers. Tree species identification was carried out by specialized literature review, computarized databases consultancy, and comparisons with herbarium samples. As a result, it was obtain a catalog with 87 species from trees, shrubs, palms, and similar plants utilized as poles. The catalog included the botanical description, common names, additional uses, and ecological analysis. It was found two basic fence types, one of them with dead wood, and the other one, with live fences with tree species, both with barbed wire. The construction of the live fences with native trees is more economic than those which are made from dead wood or concrete.
Análisis de la Enseñanza y el Aprendizaje del Eelectromagnetismo en el Nivel Tecnológico y Universitario

Current researches on Didactics of Physics have determined the importance about problematic in the teaching and learning process of scientific fundamental concepts in both high school and university levels. Such difficulties are analyzed through this work, especially in the area of the electromagnetism learning process with technology and university students. The research has a qualitative approach and a questionnaire was applied to 94 students in order to get suitable results. According to this, most of students (no matter how many times they had taken the course) have problems to understand the concepts related to the source of the magnetic field.
Innate production of Th2 cytokines by adipose tissue-associated c-Kit+Sca-1+ lymphoid cells (89.11)

Innate immune responses are important in combating various microbes during the early phases of infection. NK cells are innate lymphocytes that, unlike T and B lymphocytes, do not express antigen receptors but rapidly exhibit cytotoxic activities against virus-infected cells and produce various cytokines. Here we report a new type of innate lymphocyte present in a novel lymphoid structure associated with adipose tissues in the peritoneal cavity. These cells do not express lineage (Lin) markers but do express c-Kit, Sca-1, IL7R and IL33R. Similar lymphoid clusters were found in both human and mouse mesentery and we term this tissue ‘FALC’ (fat-associated lymphoid cluster). FALC Lin-c-Kit+Sca-1+ cells are distinct from lymphoid progenitors and lymphoid tissue inducer cells. These cells proliferate in response to IL2 and produce large amounts of Th2 cytokines such as IL5, IL6 and IL13. IL5 and IL6 regulate B-cell antibody production and self-renewal of B1 cells. Indeed, FALC Lin-c-Kit+Sca-1+ cells support the self-renewal of B1 cells and enhance IgA production. After helminth infection and in response to IL33, FALC Lin-c-Kit+Sca-1+ cells produce large amounts of IL13, which leads to goblet cell hyperplasia—a critical step for helminth expulsion. In mice devoid of FALC Lin-c-Kit+Sca-1+ cells, such goblet cell hyperplasia was not induced. Thus, FALC Lin-c-Kit+Sca-1+ cells are Th2-type innate lymphocytes, and we propose that these cells be called ‘natural helper cells’.
A Multiple Mediation Analysis of the Growth in New Ventures

A Multiple Mediation Analysis of the Growth in New Ventures Vol. IV, No. III (Summer 2019) 265 Based on resource management perspective (Sirmon et al. 2008), the focus of the current research is on the mediating mechanism of three resources i.e. resource acquiring (RA), resource bundling (RB) and resource leveraging (RL) on the relationship between EBT and NVG in the context of Pakistan. Although, as mentioned earlier, previous researchers except from Wang et al. (2019) focuses on one dimension at a time like acquiring (Leung et al. 2006) and opportunity capture (Li et al. 2014). Thus, simultaneous investigation of multiple mediations may enhance the relationship and give a more accurate and comprehensive picture. To answer the question of how EBT promote NVG through different resources i.e. RA, RB, and RL, we hope that the current study can contribute to the existing literature in the following aspects. First, we focus on how NVG occurs, rather than simply investigating what promote NVG. Second, the research provides deeper understanding as we study multiple resource management processes simultaneously. Finally, few researchers empirically tested resource management perspective in new ventures context (Wang et al. 2019; Yi et al. 2016; Sirmon et al. 2008).
&bgr;-Blockers, Pneumonia, and Outcome After Ischemic Stroke: Evidence From Virtual International Stroke Trials Archive

Background and Purpose— Increased sympathetic drive after stroke is involved in the pathophysiology of several complications including poststroke immunudepression. &bgr;-Blocker (BB) therapy has been suggested to have neuroprotective properties and to decrease infectious complications after stroke. We aimed to examine the effects of random pre- and on-stroke BB exposure on mortality, functional outcome, and occurrence of pneumonia after ischemic stroke. Methods— Data including standard demographic and clinical variables as well as prestroke and on-stroke antihypertensive medication, incidence of pneumonia, functional outcome defined using modified Rankin Scale and mortality at 3 months were extracted from the Virtual International Stroke Trials Archive. For statistical analysis multivariable Poisson regression was used. Results— In total, 5212 patients were analyzed. A total of 1155 (22.2%) patients were treated with BB before stroke onset and 244 (4.7%) patients were newly started with BB in the acute phase of stroke. Mortality was 17.5%, favorable outcome (defined as modified Rankin Scale, 0–2) occurred in 58.2% and pneumonia in 8.2% of patients. Prestroke BB showed no association with mortality. On-stroke BB was associated with reduced mortality (adjusted risk ratio, 0.63; 95% confidence interval, 0.42–0.96). Neither prestroke BB nor on-stroke BB showed an association with functional outcome. Both prestroke and on-stroke BB were associated with reduced frequency of pneumonia (adjusted risk ratio, 0.77; 95% confidence interval, 0.6–0.98 and risk ratio, 0.49; 95% confidence interval, 0.25–0.95). Conclusions— In this large nonrandomized comparison, on-stroke BB was associated with reduced mortality. Prestroke and on-stroke BB were inversely associated with incidence of nosocomial pneumonia. Randomized trials investigating the potential of &bgr;-blockade in acute stroke may be warranted.
Identifying multiscale zonation and assessing the relative importance of polygon geomorphology on carbon fluxes in an Arctic tundra ecosystem

We develop a multiscale zonation approach to characterize the spatial variability of Arctic polygonal ground geomorphology and to assess the relative controls of these elements on land surface and subsurface properties and carbon fluxes. Working within an ice wedge polygonal region near Barrow, Alaska, we consider two scales of zonation: polygon features (troughs, centers, and rims of polygons) that are nested within different polygon types (high, flat, and low centered). In this study, we first delineated polygons using a digital elevation map and clustered the polygons into four types along two transects, using geophysical and kite‐based landscape‐imaging data sets. We extrapolated those data‐defined polygon types to all the polygons over the study site, using the polygon statistics extracted from the digital elevation map. Based on the point measurements, we characterized the distribution of vegetation, hydrological, thermal, and geochemical properties, as well as carbon fluxes, all as a function of polygon types and polygon features. Results show that nested polygon geomorphic zonation—polygon types and polygon features—can be used to represent distinct distributions of carbon fluxes and associated properties, as well as covariability among those properties. Importantly, the results indicate that polygon types have more power to explain the variations in those properties than polygon features. The approach is expected to be useful for improved system understanding, site characterization, and parameterization of numerical models aimed at predicting ecosystem feedbacks to the climate.
Model Documentation for the MiniCAM

The MiniCAM, short for the Mini-Climate Assessment Model, is an integrated assessment model of moderate complexity focused on energy and agriculture sectors. The model produces emissions of greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide) and other radiatively important substances such as sulfur dioxide. Through incorporation of the simple climate model MAGICC, the consequences of these emissions for climate change and sea-level rise can be examined. The MiniCAM is designed to be fast and flexible.
The Tyrosine Kinase c-Src Specifically Binds to the Active Integrin (cid:2) IIb (cid:3) 3 to Initiate Outside-in Signaling in Platelets *

Background: (cid:2) 3-bound c-Src initiates outside-in signaling in platelets. Results: After platelet stimulation, (cid:2) 3 binds to the c-Src SH3 domain at a site overlapping with its PPII helix binding site. Conclusion: The interaction of c-Src with (cid:2) 3 requires c-Src activation to vacate the PPII helix binding site. Significance: The mode of c-Src binding to (cid:2) 3 prevents c-Src-mediated signaling in circulating platelets.
A framework for combining multiple soil moisture retrievals based on maximizing temporal correlation

A method for combining two microwave satellite soil moisture products by maximizing the temporal correlation with a reference data set has been developed. The method was applied to two global soil moisture data sets, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) and Land Parameter Retrieval Model (LPRM), retrieved from the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 observations for the period 2012–2014. A global comparison revealed superior results of the combined product compared to the individual products against the reference data set of ERA‐Interim volumetric water content. The global mean temporal correlation coefficient of the combined product with this reference was 0.52 which outperforms the individual JAXA (0.35) as well as the LPRM (0.45) product. Additionally, the performance was evaluated against in situ observations from the International Soil Moisture Network. The combined data set showed a significant improvement in temporal correlation coefficients in the validation compared to JAXA and minor improvements for the LPRM product.
A revised Canadian perspective: progress in glacier hydrology

Current research into glacier hydrology is occurring at a time when glaciers around the world, particularly those whose hydrological regimes affect populated areas, are shrinking as they go through a state of perpetual negative annual mass balance. Small glaciers alone are likely to contribute 0.5 to 1 mm year -1 to global sea-level rise, with associated reductions in local freshwater resources, impacts upon freshwater ecosystems and increased risk of hazard due to outburst floods. Changes to the accumulation regimes of glaciers and ice sheets may be partly responsible, so the measurement and distribution of snowfall in glacierized basins, a topic long represented in non-glacierized basin research, is now beginning to receive more attention than it did before, aided by the advent of reliable automatic weather stations that provide data throughout the year. Satellite data continue to be an important information source for summer meltwater estimation, as distributed models, and their need for albedo maps, continue to develop. This further entails the need for simplifications to energy balance components, sacrificing point detail so that spatial calculation may proceed more quickly. The understanding of surface meltwater routing through the glacier to produce stream outflow continues to be a stimulating area of research, as demonstrated by activity at the Trapridge Glacier, Canada, and Canadian involvement in the Haut Glacier d'Arolla, Switzerland. As Canadian glacier monitoring continues to evolve, effort must be directed toward developing situations where mass balance, meltwater generation and flow routing studies can be done together at selected sites.
Tourism and Heritage Attractions

1. Tourists' demands for heritage consumption 2. The heterogeneity of the heritage product 3. The socio-demographic characteristics of tourists at heritage attractions 4. Tourist decision-making and heritage attractions 5. Tourist trip-making and visits to heritage attractions 6. The promotion of heritage attractions to tourists 7. The retailing role of heritage attractions 8. Tourist disposition towards conservation and commitment to heritage 9. Tourist assessment of heritage presentation 10. Benefits gained by tourists from visiting heritage attractions 11. Conclusion - the heritage market place summarized.
Environmental Health: a Global Access Science Source Air Pollution and Lung Function among Susceptible Adult Subjects: a Panel Study

Background: Adverse health effects at relatively low levels of ambient air pollution have consistently been reported in the last years. We conducted a time-series panel study of subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, and ischemic heart disease (IHD) to evaluate whether daily levels of air pollutants have a measurable impact on the lung function of adult subjects with pre-existing lung or heart diseases.
Sparse Least Trimmed Squares Regression

Sparse model estimation is a topic of high importance in modern data analysis due to the increasing availability of data sets with a large number of variables. Another common problem in applied statistics is the presence of outliers in the data. This paper combines robust regression and sparse model estimation. A robust and sparse estimator is introduced by adding an L1 penalty on the coefficient estimates to the well known least trimmed squares (LTS) estimator. The breakdown point of this sparse LTS estimator is derived, and a fast algorithm for its computation is proposed. Both the simulation study and the real data example show that the LTS has better pre- diction performance than its competitors in the presence of leverage points.
Upper mantle viscosity derived from the difference in rebound of the Provo and Bonneville Shorelines: Lake Bonneville Basin, Utah

Twenty-four new field measurements of elevation of Provo level and Bonneville level shoreline terraces provide data for reanalysis of isostatic rebound in the Lake Bonneville basin. Analysis of the differential rebound between the Provo shoreline (maximum rebound of 43 m) and the Bonneville shoreline (maximum rebound of 69 m) requires that the latter be an equilibrium shoreline. Within the possible measurement errors, the Provo shoreline formed after the elastic lithosphere had attained at least 91% equilibration to the removal of the water load between the Bonneville and Provo shorelines; within the errors the Provo may also represent an equilibrium shoreline. From the new data presented in this paper, the best estimate of the upper limit of effective viscosity of the uppermost mantle, assuming a half-space model and a 2000-year time interval between the Bonneville and Provo shorelines, is 2 × 1019 N s m−2 (2 × 1020 P). In addition, comparison of shoreline rebound profiles, for both shorelines, with theoretical plate flexure models indicates that the mean flexural rigidity of the Basin and Range lithosphere in this region is 1 × 1023 N m, or slightly less.
A relay imaging probe to check focus map of Earth-observing pushbroom imager

Bar chart patterns projects by collimator was adopted to measure contrast transfer function (CTF)values at Nyquist frequency before assembly of imaging sensor with telescope for earth-observing pushbroom imager. A relay imaging probe consisting of optical objective and 2D imaging sensor was builded to image these projected pattern and estimate the image quality of optical system before alignment of linear imaging sensor. By riding on a hexapod stage and measuring at a series focus position at several field angles, this probe provides a reference map for alignment of imaging sensor and image quality assessment. Certainly, testing result can be used to anticipate result of focusing alignment.
Glacial/interglacial changes in the isotopes of nitrate from the Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 (GISP2) ice core

The 15N/14N and 18O/16O ratios of nitrate in the Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 (GISP2) (Summit, Greenland) ice core are much higher in ice from the last glacial period than in the pre‐industrial Holocene, despite the lack of a significant glacial/interglacial change in nitrate concentration. While both the 15N/14N and 18O/16O records are anticorrelated with snow accumulation rate, neither is satisfactorily explained by accumulation changes or post‐depositional processes. The similarity in the glacial/interglacial change in 15N/14N from several different Greenland ice cores and the large amplitude of this change relative to observed seasonal variation raise the possibility that the isotopes of nitrate in ice cores indicate a large‐scale glacial/interglacial change in the isotopic composition of atmospheric NOx. The glacial/interglacial change in 18O/16O is best explained by a greater contribution of HNO3 production from hydrolysis of N2O5, which has implications for reconstruction of past atmospheric oxidant levels. Although isotope effects associated with NOx photochemistry and nitrate scavenging have not been fully characterized, the 15N/14N data may indicate glacial/interglacial changes in the relative contributions from different natural sources of NOx on a hemispheric or global scale.
Second European Stroke Science Workshop Special Report

the after an ischemic δ T cells can the outcome after and eliminating γ / δ T cells with an antibody effectively reduces infarct volumes. Moreover, the data suggest that interleukin-17 secreted by γ / δ T cells is part of a chemokine cascade that eventually attracts neutrophils to the ischemic lesion and interfering with the signals can be beneficial in stroke. RCTs will have to confirm or refute this observation. When comparing different revascularization methods, the ICSS showed a strong cognitive trend in favor of endarterectomy over stenting. During endarterectomy, high-intensity transient signals on Doppler and postopera-tive hyperperfusion, but not perioperative diffusion-weighted imaging lesions, predict worse cognitive outcome. When comparing different revascularization methods, the ICSS showed a strong cognitive trend in favor of endarterectomy over stenting. facilitate a unified approach toward the complexity of SVD and its interactions with degenerative brain diseases. Additional progress can be expected from new pathophysiologic concepts, novel structural and functional MRI techniques, and ultra-high-field MRI. The recently completed Secondary Prevention of Small Subcortical Strokes (SPS3) trial represents a major step toward targeted therapeutic approaches and optimized preventive strategies in SVD. Major challenges ahead include the improvement of diagnostic tools and the development of novel therapeutic targets that need to be informed by pathomecha-nistic studies.