Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hypertensive Blood Pressure and Its Impact on Functional Outcomes among Older Adults Receiving Comprehensive Geriatric Care

Background: Comprehensive geriatric care (CGC) is a multiprofessional treatment for older people which considers medical conditions and functional status. The aim of the presented study is to investigate the impact of hypertensive blood pressure (BP) on functional outcomes among older adults receiving CGC. Methods: Functional status was documented by the Barthel index (BI), Tinetti test (TBGT), and timed up and go test (TUG) prior to and after CGC. The results were analyzed in relation to hypertensive BP, indicated by mean BP ≥ 130/80 mmHg determined by 24 h blood pressure monitoring (BPM) while hospitalized. Results: In the presented monocentric, retrospective, observational study, 490 patients were included (mean age (SD): 83.86 ± 6.17 years, 72.2% females). Hypertension in BPM was found in 302 (61.6%) individuals. Hypertensive BP was associated with the female sex (p < 0.001) and current fracture (p = 0.001), and inversely associated with heart failure (p < 0.001), coronary heart disease (p < 0.001), atrial fibrillation (p < 0.001), urinary tract infection (p = 0.022), and hypocalcemia (p = 0.014). After CGC, improvements in BI (p < 0.001), TBGT (p < 0.001), and TUG (p < 0.001) were observed in patients with both normotensive and hypertensive BP profiles. The proportion of patients with outcome improvements did not differ between the two groups (BI: 84.4% vs. 88.3%, p = 0.285; TBGT: 81.1% vs. 77.7%, p = 0.357; TUG: 50.3% vs. 48.4%, p = 0.711). Conclusion: Patients both with and without hypertensive BP profiles benefited from comprehensive geriatric care with comparable outcome improvements. Particularly, normotensive BP was associated with chronic cardiovascular comorbidities, indicating increased awareness of the importance of BP management in patients diagnosed with cardiac diseases.
Applied Quantitative Finance: Theory and Computational Tools

The book under review is based on the Center for Applied Statistics and Economics course at Humboldt University in Berlin and is designed for researchers who wish to develop professional skill in modern quantitative applications in finance. This is an electronic book and is designed as an interactive document with a stream of text and information with various hints and links to additional tools and features. The reader can access practical examples without purchasing additional software or material to be downloaded. Prerequisite for reading the book is a sound knowledge of probability, statistics and some software applications. The book contains four main parts, each consisting of articles by 30 contributors including the three authors. The contributors are either from universities or from financial institutions. Part I is about value at risk. The three chapters in this part deal with statistical approximations of value at risk in conditional Gaussian models, the calculation of value at risk by using copulas and the quantification of spread risk by means of simulation.
Influence of Humic Acids on the Removal of Arsenic and Antimony by Potassium Ferrate

Although the removal ability of potassium ferrate (K2FeO4) on aqueous heavy metals has been confirmed by many researchers, little information focuses on the difference between the individual and simultaneous treatment of elements from the same family of the periodic table. In this project, two heavy metals, arsenic (As) and antimony (Sb) were chosen as the target pollutants to investigate the removal ability of K2FeO4 and the influence of humic acid (HA) in simulated water and spiked lake water samples. The results showed that the removal efficiencies of both pollutants gradually increased along the Fe/As or Sb mass ratios. The maximum removal rate of As(III) reached 99.5% at a pH of 5.6 and a Fe/As mass ratio of 4.6 when the initial As(III) concentration was 0.5 mg/L; while the maximum was 99.61% for Sb(III) at a pH of 4.5 and Fe/Sb of 22.6 when the initial Sb(III) concentration was 0.5 mg/L. It was found that HA inhibited the removal of individual As or Sb slightly and the removal efficiency of Sb was significantly higher than that of As with or without the addition of K2FeO4. For the co-existence system of As and Sb, the removal of As was improved sharply after the addition of K2FeO4, higher than Sb; while the latter was slightly better than that of As without K2FeO4, probably due to the stronger complexing ability of HA and Sb. X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to characterize the precipitated products to reveal the potential removal mechanisms based on the experimental results.
Large-Scale Dense Mapping System Based on Visual-Inertial Odometry and Densely Connected U-Net

Simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM)-based 3-D reconstruction system mainly relies on visual odometry, which uses detailed scanning to obtain better reconstruction results. Among the feature-based SLAM methods, it is difficult to have good reconstruction results where features are missing even when the camera moves slowly. For the direct methods, when exposure changes and blurring occurs, tracking loss will cause unsatisfactory reconstruction effects. This article proposes a large-scale mapping system based on visual-inertial odometry (VIO) to solve these problems. The combination of vision and inertial measurement unit (IMU) is used to constrain the trajectory estimation in areas where the corners are missing. The system supports depth both obtained by the depth camera and estimated by the neural network. According to the voxel hash mechanism, we only focus on the voxels within the cutoff distance and use the hash table to represent the voxels sparsely to reduce the memory usage. Experiments show that the proposed system can obtain an ideal 3-D reconstruction model.
Characterization of equilibrium measures for critical reversible Nearest Particle Systems

AbstractWe show that for critical reversible attractive Nearest Particle Systems all equilibrium measures are convex combinations of the upper invariant equilibrium measure and the point mass at all zeros, provided the underlying renewal sequence possesses moments of order strictly greater than $$ \frac{{7 + \sqrt {41} }} {2} $$ and obeys some natural regularity conditions.
Statistical GNSS carrier phase ambiguity resolution: a review

Global Navigation Satellite System carrier phase ambiguity resolution is the key to high precision positioning and navigation. In this contribution a brief review is given of the probabilistic theory of integer carrier phase ambiguity estimation. Various ambiguity estimators are discussed. Among them are the estimators of integer rounding, integer bootstrapping, integer least-squares and the Bayesian solution. We also discuss the various relationships that exist between these estimators.
Constructive algorithm for neuro-fuzzy networks

A constructive algorithm is proposed by merging the min-max and the ANFIS models in order to obtain neuro-fuzzy networks. The min-max model is used to determine an optimal set of IF-THEN rules by following a constructive procedure. By means of this set, the architecture of an ANFIS-like net is derived with good performances in terms of structural complexity, generalization capability and speed of convergence. Simulations are described to show the behavior of the proposed algorithm.
Solar neighbourhood constraints on viscous models for galactic discs

The predictions of disc evolution models with viscous flows for the chemical enrichment of the solar neighbourhood are analyzed. It is shown that the local age metallicity distribution and stellar abundance distribution is, in this case, critically determined by the star formation history at large radii. In particular, suppression of star formation in the outermost disc combined with radial flow leads to an input of low-metallicity gas into the solar neighbourhood, with consequences indistinguishable from those of continued infall from the halo. It is argued that the chemical data do not necessarily constrain the disc formation time-scale
Test set readings predict clinical performance to a limited extent: preliminary findings

Aim: To investigate the level of agreement between test sets and actual clinical reading Background: The performance of screen readers in detecting breast cancer is being assessed in some countries by using mammographic test sets. However, previous studies have provided little evidence that performance assessed by test sets strongly correlate to performance in clinical reading. Methods: Five clinicians from BreastScreen New South Wales participated in this study. Each clinician was asked to read 200 de-identified mammographic examinations gathered from their own case history within the BreastScreen NSW Digital Imaging Library. All test sets were designed with specific proportions of true positive, true negative, false positive and false negative examinations from the previous actual clinical reads of each reader. A prior mammogram examination for comparison (when available) was also provided for each case. Results: Preliminary analyses have shown that there is a moderate level of agreement (Kappa 0.42−0.56, p < 0.001) between laboratory test sets and actual clinical reading. In addition, a mean increase of 38% in sensitivity in the laboratory test sets as compared to their actual clinical readings was demonstrated. Specificity is similar between the laboratory test sets and actual clinical reading. Conclusion: This study demonstrated a moderate level of agreement between actual clinical reading and test set reading, which suggests that test sets have a role in reflecting clinical performance.
Holographic velocimetry with object conjugate reconstruction (OCR): simultaneous velocity mapping in fluid and solid mechanics

This paper reports a significant step forward in holographic velocimetry, which provides simultaneous displacement measurements in fluid and solid mechanics. Known as object conjugate reconstruction (OCR), this new approach unifies the disciplines of holographic velocimetry and holographic interferometry and provides a single measurement technique for the study of surface–flow interactions throughout a volume. Using complex–correlation processing, it enables sub–wavelength displacement resolution for all three components of a velocity field and a dynamic range exceeding 100:1. Prior to OCR, and the use of complex-correlation processing, measurement of surface-flow interactions required multiple techniques applied in a hybrid fashion, which had precluded widespread use.
In Vivo Antiphytoviral and Aphid Repellency Activity of Essential Oils and Hydrosols from Mentha suaveolens and Foeniculum vulgare to Control Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus and Its Vector Aphis gossypii

In recent years, natural compounds have gained attention in many fields due to their wide-range biological activity. In particular, essential oils and their associated hydrosols are being screened to control plant pests, exerting antiviral, antimycotic and antiparasitic actions. They are more quickly and cheaply produced and are generally considered safer for the environment and non-target organisms than conventional pesticides. In this study, we report the evaluation of the biological activity of two essential oils and their corresponding hydrosols obtained from Mentha suaveolens and Foeniculum vulgare in the control of zucchini yellow mosaic virus and its vector, Aphis gossypii, in Cucurbita pepo plants. The control of the virus was ascertained with treatments applied either concurrently with or after virus infection; choice tests were performed to verify repellency activity against the aphid vector. The results indicated that treatments could decrease virus titer as measured using real-time RT-PCR, while the experiments on the vector showed that the compounds effectively repelled aphids. The extracts were also chemically characterized using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Mentha suaveolens and Foeniculum vulgare hydrosol extracts mainly comprised fenchone and decanenitrile, respectively, while essential oils analysis returned a more complex composition, as expected.
Die Sommerfeldsche Bodenwelle

Obgleich eine in den letzten Jahren erschienene Arbeit den Titel „Oberflachenwelle und kein Ende” trug, soll in dieser Arbeit noch einmal in moglichst einfacher Weise die Sommerfeldsche Behandlung des Problems dargestellt werden. Die Diskussion uber den Begriff „Bodenwelle” befindet sich in Abschnitt 7. Zur Polemik uber das Sommerfeldsche analytische Verfahren tragt Abschnitt 8 zwei numerische Beispiele bei.
Evaluation of prepartum and postpartum stress by measuring hair cortisol concentrations of Holstein dairy cows and their calves and its relationship to calving conditions and health status

Periparturient stress can have long-term negative effects on both dairy cows and their calves and may contribute to lower productivity. The purpose of this study was to determine how periparturient stress is related to differences in calving difficulty and health status by measuring hair cortisol concentration in periparturient dairy cows and their calves. Calving environment (calving pen, tie stall, and group paddock), calving difficulty, calving progress, health status, and calf weight were recorded, and tail hair from 25 of the cows and their calves was collected at calving and 1 month after calving to measure hair cortisol concentration. There were no significant correlations between hair cortisol concentration and calving environment, calving difficulty, calf weight gain rate. Hair cortisol concentrations at calving were significantly higher in cows with oversized calves or twin births than in cows with normal-sized singleton calves (4.2 ± 2.2 pg/mg vs. 2.1 ± 1.5 pg/mg, P<0.05). Cows with clinical disease within one month of calving had significantly higher levels of hair cortisol one month after calving compared to healthy cows (3.8 ± 1.1 pg/mg vs. 2.3 ± 1.9 pg/mg, P<0.05). Calves with clinical disease within the first month after birth tended to have higher hair cortisol levels at birth than healthy calves (4.7 ± 2.4 pg/mg vs. 3.2 ± 0.9 pg/mg, P<0.1). These results suggest that calving of oversized calves and twin births and suffering clinical diseases can cause more stress for cows during the periparturient period.
DIMENSIONAL VARIATION OF WOOD COMPONENTS OF AILANTHUS EXCELSA ROXB. ACROSS THE TREE TRUNK AND ITS ECOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE

The growth and development of the vascular plants depend on the transpiration rate. The frequency and dimension of the vessels determine the transpiration efficiency of the xylem. However, this feature of tropical species, particularly Indian tropical trees, is still neglected, hence the current study was designed to study the ecological wood anatomy of Ailanthus excelsa. The results showed that the wood's vulnerability ratio decreased with the tree's age, with the magnitude of the difference (8.71 percent 23.13 percent) usually decreasing with tree age, periphery to pith with minimal variability in a few blocks. The extent of the variation between the mesomorphic ratios from the pith to the periphery increases with the plant's growing age. The ratio of the length and vessel elements (f/v) consistently decrease with the plant increasing age (pith to periphery), the magnitude of the difference of 8.71%-23.13% was in general enhanced with tree age.
Thermoacoustic modeling of a gas turbine combustor equipped with acoustic dampers

In this work, the TA3 thermoacoustic network is presented and used to simulate acoustic pulsations occurring in a heavy-duty ALSTOM gas turbine. In our approach, the combustion system is represented as a network of acoustic elements corresponding to hood, burners, flames and combustor. The multi-burner arrangement is modeled by describing the hood and combustor as Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) acoustic elements. The MIMO transfer function (linking acoustic pressures and acoustic velocities at burner locations) is obtained by a three-dimensional modal analysis performed with a Finite Element Method. Burner and flame analytical models are fitted to transfer function measurements. In particular, the flame transfer function model is based on the time-lag concept, where the phase shift between heat release and acoustic pressure depends on the time necessary for the mixture fraction (formed at the injector location) to be convected to the flame. By using a state-space approach, the time domain solution of the acoustic field is obtained. The nonlinearity limiting the pulsation amplitude growth is provided by a fuel saturation term. Furthermore, Helmholtz dampers applied to the gas turbine combustor are acoustically modeled and included in the TA3 model. Finally, the predicted noise reduction is compared to that achieved in the engine.
Analyse der krankheitsbedingten Fehltage von Soldatinnen und Soldaten der Bundeswehr von 2008 bis 2018 Teil 1: Retrospektive Analyse mit Vergleich zur Gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung

Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Krankheitsbedingten Fehltagen kommen sowohl in der Bundeswehr als auch im zivilen Bereich eine besondere Bedeutung zu. Ziel dieser Studie ist es, dass zu krankheitsbedingten Fehltagen führende Krankheitsgeschehen bei SoldatInnen im Vergleich zu erwerbstätigen Mitgliedern der Gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung zu analysieren. Methode Es werden entsprechend der Systematik der Gesetzlichen Krankenversicherungen die Kennzahlen zur Arbeitsunfähigkeit im Zeitraum 2008–2018 alters- und geschlechtsstandardisiert berechnet. Ebenso werden die TOP 20 ICD-10 Diagnosen nach AU-Tagen im Analysezeitraum ermittelt, sowie deren durchschnittliche jährliche Veränderungsraten berechnet. Ergebnisse Der Krankenstand bei SoldatInnen liegt mit jährlichen Raten zwischen 1,5–2,3% unter dem der GKV (3,1–5,0%). Die Krankheitsdauer (AU-Tage je Fall) beträgt in der Bundeswehr jährlich zwischen 9,0–15,6 Tagen gegenüber der GKV mit 10,9–14,4 Tagen. Die Krankheitshäufigkeit (AU-Fälle je 100 Personen) ist in der Bundeswehr mit 48,2–75,0 Fällen niedriger als in der GKV mit 96,8–131,0 Fällen. Die meisten Fehltage werden bei SoldatInnen durch „Atemwegsinfektionen (J06)“ mit 13,2%, „Belastungsreaktionen (F43)“ mit 8,7%, „Sonstige infektiöse Gastroenteritis und Kolitis (A09)“ mit 6,5%, „Rückenschmerzen (M54)“ mit 4,4% sowie „Depressive Episode (F32)“ mit 4,0% aller Fehltage verursacht und sind vergleichbar mit der GKV. „Depressive Episode (F32)“, „Verletzungen (T14)“, „Belastungsreaktionen (F43)“, „Atemwegsinfektionen (J06)“ und „Schwangerschaftsbeschwerden (O26)“ weisen die höchsten Steigerungsraten mit+6,1% bis+3,6% der AU-Tage auf. Schlussfolgerungen Der im Vergleich zur GKV niedrigere Krankenstand bei Soldatinnen und Soldaten ist, bei ähnlicher Krankheitsdauer und ähnlichem Krankheitsgeschehen, im Wesentlichen durch eine niedrigere Krankheitshäufigkeit bedingt, bei jedoch insgesamt steigenden Tendenzen. Die, bezogen auf die Fehltage überdurchschnittlich ansteigenden ICD-10 Diagnosen „Depressive Episode (32)“, „Verletzungen (T14)“, „Belastungsreaktionen (F43)“, „Atemwegsinfektionen (J06)“ und „Schwangerschaftsbeschwerden (O26)“ bedürfen weitergehender Analysen. Erstmals konnte ein Vergleich des Krankenstands von SoldatInnen mit dem der Allgemeinbevölkerung in Deutschland durchgeführt werden. Dieser Ansatz erscheint vielversprechend, um z. B. Hypothesen und Ideen zur Weiterentwicklung der Gesundheitsversorgung zu generieren und sollte weiterverfolgt werden.
Quantitative Magnetohydrodynamic Modeling of the Solar Transition Region

The transition region (TR) is assumed to be a collision-dominated plasma. The dissipation and transport of energy in such a plasma is accurately described by the classical transport coefficients, which include the electrical and thermal conductivity, viscosity, and thermoelectric tensors. These tensors are anisotropic and are functions of local values of temperature, density, and magnetic field strength. The transport coefficients are valid for all magnetic field strengths and so may be used to study the physics of weakly as well as strongly magnetized regions of the TR. They may be used in an MHD model to obtain a self-consistent, realistic description of the TR. The physics of kinetic processes is included in the MHD model through the transport coefficients. As a first step in studying heating and cooling processes in the TR in a realistic, quantitative manner, a 1.5 dimensional, steady state MHD model with a specified temperature profile is developed. The momentum equation includes the inertial, pressure, magnetic, and gravitational forces. Ohm's law includes the exact expressions for the electrical conductivity and thermoelectric tensors. It is found that the contribution of the dissipation of large-scale electric currents to in situ heating of the TR is negligible, but that thermal energy flowing into the TR from the corona can provide the energy required to heat the TR. The possibility that significant in situ heating of the TR takes place through viscous dissipation or small-scale electric current dissipation such as may occur in current sheets or filaments is discussed, although these processes are not described by the model. The importance of thermoelectric and electron pressure gradient effects in Ohm's law, and in determining the electron heat flux, is demonstrated. Results of the model suggest that the force-free approximation is not valid over most of the TR. Justification for assuming that the TR is collision dominated is presented. In particular, a self-consistent calculation of the ratio of the electric field parallel to the magnetic field to the Dreicer electric field yields a value ≲10-3, which suggests that anomalous transport processes are not important. The necessity of using a realistic description of transport processes in modeling heating mechanisms in the solar atmosphere is stressed.
On the optimization of mixing protocol in a certain class of three-dimensional Stokes flows

Mixing in a special class of three-dimensional, non-inertial periodic flows is studied numerically. In the type of flow considered here, the cross-sectional velocity components are independent of the axial flow and the axial flow is independent of the axial coordinate. Using the eccentric helical annular mixer as a prototype, we consider the counter-rotating case with steady rotation of the outer cylinder and sinusoidal modulation of the inner one. Apart from the mixer geometry, the behavior of the system is governed by two dimensionless parameters obtained by scaling the cross-sectional stirring protocol with respect to the characteristic residence time of the fluid in the mixer. The first parameter is related to the average number of turns of the outer cylinder and the second one is related to the average number of modulation periods of the inner cylinder. The convection-diffusion equation is solved numerically, with temperature as a passive scalar, at high Peclet number. For a given three-dimensional mixer geometry and axial flow rate we show that there is an optimum modulation frequency for which the exit standard deviation of the temperature field is a minimum. Lagrangian simulations at infinite Peclet number and the use of other tools to study mixing, such as stretching calculations and tracer tracking methods, confirm that the optimized protocol does result in very effective mixing.