Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Botanical Supplements: Weeding Out the Health Risks

For the past decade, the U.S. medical establishment has been adjusting to the rising popularity of herbal remedies and other dietary supplements. The 1994 Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA) created a new regulatory approach for products that included herbal products, vitamins, and minerals. Intended to streamline the entry of lower-risk products to the marketplace, DSHEA has since become viewed by some as having unleashed a deluge of relatively unregulated pharmacologically active products onto unwary consumers. At the same time, reports have mounted describing products of variable quality and manufacturers who lack accountability for their claims. Today, regulatory agencies are ramping up their efforts to ensure the safety of botanical supplements.
The impact of hygiene and localised treatment on the quality of drinking water in Masaka, Rwanda

The worldwide prevalence of waterborne diseases has been attributed to the lack of safe water, inadequate sanitation and hygiene. This study evaluated socio-demographic factors, microbiological quality of water at source and point of use (POU) at households, water handling and sanitation practices in a rural Rwandan community. Thirty five water samples from the source, Nyabarongo River, and water at point of use (POU) treated with the Slow Sand Filter (SSF) and Sûr’Eau methods, were analysed for total coliform and faecal coliform counts. Turbidity was measured in household samples. A structured questionnaire regarding water collection, storage, usage and waterborne disease awareness was administered to 324 women. Despite the significant reduction in coliforms and faecal coliforms from the Nyabarongo River following treatment using either SSF or Sûr’Eau, the water at point of use was found to be unsafe for human consumption. The frequency of diarrheal diseases were significantly higher among people who did not wash hands before food preparation (P = 0.002) and after using a toilet (P = 0.007) than among those who did. There was a statistically significant association between education levels and water treatment practices at the households (P < 0.05). Participants had limited knowledge regarding water storage practices for prevention of household water contamination. A combination of treatment methods with appropriate water handling should be considered. In addition, education is a fundamental precursor to advocating water treatment at POU.
Search for heavy charged long-lived particles in proton-proton collisions at = 13 TeV using an ionisation measurement with the ATLAS detector

Citation for published version (APA): Aaboud, M. , Bentvelsen, S. , Berge, D. , Colijn, A. P., de Jong, P. J., Koffeman, E. , Linde, F. , Sabato, G. , Salek, D. , Stapf, B. S. , Verkerke, W. , Vermeulen, A. T. , Vermeulen, J. C. , Vreeswijk, M. , van Vulpen, I. , & al., E. (2019). Search for heavy charged long-lived particles in proton-proton collisions at = 13 TeV using an ionisation measurement with the ATLAS detector. Physics Letters B, 788, 96-116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb. 2018.10. 055
La convection des fluides dans le sol de Mars et les échanges induits avec l'atmosphère et la paléo-hydrosphère de la planète

Mars est un objet privilegie pour comprendre l'evolution d'une planete. Des temoins geologiques de son activite interne et des echanges surface-atmosphere sont preserves sur 4 Ga. Cette these etudie ces echanges au travers de la circulation des fluides dans la croute. Le climat froid et sec de l'Amazonien (< 3 Ga) implique la condensation, sublimation et diffusion des especes volatiles dans le regolithe. Ce paradigme est modifie par la decouverte de l'importance de la convection d'air dans les sols poreux (aerothermalisme). Ce processus a ete mis en evidence par l'imagerie thermique (Mars Odyssey/THEMIS) et la morphologie (e.g., Mars Express/HRSC) pour Cerberus Fossae et le volcan Arsia Mons. La periode Hesperienne est marquee par la liberation massive d'eau aboutissant a la formation des terrains chaotiques et des chenaux de debâcle. Nous proposons que ces objets resultent de la convection d'argiles. Cette hypothese originale est corroboree par les detections de phyllosilicates (donnees CRISM et OMEGA).
Defective glycinergic synaptic transmission in zebrafi sh motility mutants

clear, although GlyR α3 is clearly linked to infl ammatory pain pathways (Harvey et al., 2004). Glycine also binds to the NR1 subunit of the NMDA receptor, acting as an essential coagonist for excitatory synaptic transmission mediated by glutamate (Johnson and Ascher, 1987; Moriyoshi et al., 1991; Kuryatov et al., 1994). Glycine can also activate the NR3Bcontaining NMDA receptor in the absence of L-glutamate in heterologous expression systems (Chatterton et al., 2002). However, the in vivo physiological signifi cance of glycinemediated excitatory synaptic transmission is unclear. Two glycine transporters (GlyTs) also regulate glycinergic synaptic transmission (Eulenburg et al., 2005). GlyTs are thought to take up glycine from the synaptic cleft to terminate glycinemediated synaptic transmission (GlyT1) and resupply glycine to glycinergic presynaptic terminals (GlyT2). Mouse models of GlyT1 dysfunction exhibit severe motor defi cits accompanied by lethargy, hypotonia and hyporesponsivity, and die within 6–14 h after birth as a result of respiratory failure, although wasting and dehydration caused by an inability to suckle may also play a role (Gomeza et al., 2003a; Tsai et al., 2004). Curiously, these symptoms resemble glycine encephalopathy, a disease associated with disruption of the mitochondrial glycine cleavage system, which degrades excess glycine (Applegarth and Toone, 2006). Mutations in the GlyT2 gene cause startle disease/hyperekplexia in humans and congenital muscular dystonia type 2 (CMD2) in cattle (Rees et al., 2006; Charlier et al., 2008; Harvey et al., 2008). INTRODUCTION Glycine receptors (GlyRs) and GABA A receptors are pentameric ligand-gated chloride channels (reviewed in Moss and Smart, 2001) that mediate inhibitory synaptic transmission. In the vertebrate CNS, GABAergic synaptic transmission is mainly used in the brain, while glycinergic synaptic transmission operates in the brainstem and spinal cord to regulate motor systems. Although GlyRs are found in all vertebrates and perhaps selected invertebrates (Kehoe et al., 2009), mammalian GlyRs have been studied most extensively. Inherited defects in genes encoding the major adult α1β GlyR causes startle disease/hyperekplexia in humans, characterized by noise or touchinduced seizures that result in muscle stiffness and life-threatening neonatal apnea episodes (Sament and Schwartz, 1957; Kirstein and Silfverskiold, 1958; Bakker et al., 2006; Harvey et al., 2008). The biological roles of GlyRs containing the α2, α3 and α4 subunits are less Defective glycinergic synaptic transmission in zebrafi sh motility mutants
Natural gas hydrates on the southeast U.S. margin

Strong bottom-simulating (BSR) have been mapped over a region of approximately 50,000 km 2 on the southeastern U.S. margin and have been associated with possible abundance of natural gas hydrates. In June 1992, coincident single-channel seismic and wide-angle ocean bottom seismic data were acquired in the region, focusing on the Blake Ridge and the Carolina Rise. Wide-angle reflections from the BSRs were clearly observed at offsets up to 6 km. Joint travel time inversion was conducted with wide-angle and vertical-incidence data in order to explore possible regional variation, and the resultant two-dimensional average velocity models imply higher background velocities on the Carolina Rise. Full waveform inversion was then performed to determine the seismic origin of the BSRs. The best fit model shows a similar low velocity ( 1.4 km/s) beneath the BSR at both sites, indicating trapped free gas with low saturation (< 10%). The inversion results also indicate that a thin, high-velocity wedge, with a maximum velocity of 2.3 km/s, is present just above the Blake Ridge BSR. Sediment reflectivities were also calculated, and higher reflectivities are observed on the Carolina Rise. An increase in reflectivity below the BSR seems to correspond to the gas-bearing zone at both sites. Concentration of hydrates were etimated based on these velocity models. Whereas average hydrate concentration of 3% of the total sediment volume is suggested for the lower half of the hydrate stability zone at the Blake Ridge, only a very low average concentration of hydrate can be expected at the Carolina Rise. The hydrates seem to be concentrated near the base of the hydrate stability zone, and the maximum hydrate concentration is estimated as 20% at the Blake Ridge and 7% at the Carolina Rise, both of which are too high to be explained by in situ biogenic activity only and require some secondary accumulation mechanism. It is suggested that hydrate recycling caused by the stability field migration may have effectively condensed hydrates at both sites. Additional enhancement by upward fluid expulsion may also be viable for the Blake Ridge.
A thirty-five year time series analysis of Atlantic salmon in Iceland

The findings in this dissertation support the Grilsefication Hypothesis (McDonald 2001) and demonstrate a profound shift in Atlantic Salmon Life History phenomena due to commercial fishing pressure on Atlantic salmon in Iceland. A time series analysis, 1974-2008, was performed from the rod-catch data of the Icelandic rivers Haffjardara, Haukadalsa, Hofsa, Laxa in Adaldal, Midfjardara, and Vatnsdalsa. The proportions of migratory, multi-sea winter salmon and non-migratory one-sea winter grilse were plotted over time and show a shift that favors grilse. Additionally, the mean weights for both salmon and grilse are declining. These data suggest that we are seeing a profound life history shift in Atlantic salmon from iteroparity to semelparity, and a non-migratory life history change favored over a migratory one. The data indicate that Atlantic salmon in Iceland have adapted key life history parameters in response to the increased cost of migration. This response to the commercial exploitation in the Western Greenland fishery has led to grilsefication of the stock. INDEX WORDS: Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar, time series analysis, grilsefication, commercial fishery, West Greenland, rod-catch. A THIRTY-FIVE YEAR TIME SERIES ANALYSIS OF ATLANTIC SALMON IN ICELAND
Possible Worlds Semantics

One approach to specifying the meaning of pieces of languages is to treat those meanings as constructions out of possible worlds and possible objects. This technique is useful both in logic and in providing the semantics of natural languages. After introducing possible worlds semantics, this article will outline some of the applications that have convinced many philosophers and linguists of the usefulness of this framework, and will conclude with a discussion of one of the most conspicuous limitations of the framework, and some ways this limitation has been dealt with.
Optimal Design of Power System Stabilizer In Bakaru Power Plant Using Bat Algorithm

Abstract - The problem of using Power System Stabilizer (PSS) in generator excitation is how to determine optimal PSS parameter. To overcome these problems, the authors use a method of intelligent bats based algorithm to design PSS. Bat Algorithm is an algorithm that works based on bat behavior in search of food source. Correlation with this research is, food sources sought by bats represent as PSS parameters to be optimized. Bat's algorithm will work based on a specified destination function, namely Integral Time Absolute Error (ITAE). In this research will be seen the deviation of velocity and rotor angle of each generator, in case of disturbance in bakaru generator. The analysis results show that the uncontrolled system produces a large overshoot oscillation, and after the addition of PSS oscillation control equipment can be muted. So that the overshoot and settling time of each generator can be reduced and the generator can quickly go to steady state condition.
Guidelines for the safe use of wastewater, excreta and greywater

In 2006 the World Health Organization published its new Guidelines for the safe use of wastewater, excreta and greywater. Together the Guidelines offer a safety framework, and minimum requirements for the safe use of wastewater, excreta and greywater in agriculture and aquaculture. Anyone interested in safe wastewater management will benefit from getting acquainted with the guidelines. The first volume Policy and regulatory aspects deals with policies and regulations regarding safe water management. It is primarily meant for persons in policy-making positions, as well as for controlling officials. Aside from offering guidelines for example on how to formulate, harmonize and mainstream policies in effect, it also gives an introduction to Volumes 2, 3, and 4 of the Guidelines, by means of executive summaries. In the end of Volume 1 index and a glossary of terms for all the volumes (1-4) can be found. Volume 2 of the Guidelines Wastewater use in agriculture focuses on the health impacts that wastewater use in agriculture has, for instance, on consumers and those who work in this field. The main focus of this volume is thus on safety maximization (such as food safety) when it comes to wastewater use in agriculture. The second volume of the Guidelines is primarily meant for use when developing national and international methods for safe water management. Volume 3 of the GuidelinesWastewater and excreta use in aquaculture also centers on the safety matters, the risks and the benefits this time especially related to wastewater and excreta use. The focus of this volume is specifically on aquaculture. Similarly to Volumes 2 and 3, Volume 4 Excreta and greywater use in agriculture also focuses on the safety matters; however, the center of attention is on agriculture, with a specific view on excreta and greywater use.
Fractal and Topological Complexity of Radioactive Contamination

Abstract : There is verified the hypothesis about multifractal nature of radioactive contamination due to nuclear explosions on Semipalatinsk test site (STS) in Kazakhstan. The fields of terrestrial contamination have extreme high variability caused by a number of nature processes. There are used the methods of multifractal formalism and computation topology. The results of analysis support the existence of multifractal scaling which is different for natural and man-made isotopes. It means that there are "hot spots" of man-made Cs isotope contamination dangerous for human health, which can't be detected by the traditional in Kazakhstan techniques of measurements from air. Moreover, the finding of self-similarity could be the base of new methods of diagnostics of large territories.
DesInventar y los registros sobre escasez de agua en México. 1970-2000

Es un juego de palabras que significa a la vez inventario de desastres e inventariar desastres de una manera distinta. Se trata de un software en el cual se registran los reportes diarios de desastres estatales y municipales. La particularidad de este inventario es que permite documentar no sólo los grandes desastres que provocan daños mayúsculos y atraen la atención nacional e internacional, sino esos pequeños y medianos desastres que se hacen ordinarios y comunes, esas cotidianas disrupciones que a escala detallada también son desastres,2 y que con frecuencia se olvidan. DesInventar constituye una de las bases fácticas centrales del proyecto de investigación Gestión de Riesgos de Desastre ENSO (El Niño Oscilación del Sur) en América Latina (proyecto ENSO), el cual, financiado por el Inter American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI) se está llevando a cabo actualmente en siete países de América Latina (Argentina, Brasil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, México y Perú) así como en La Florida (Estados Unidos). 3
The superior colliculus

The mammalian superior colliculus (SC) serves the crucial function of guiding and coordinating the orienting response. Integrating multisensory, motor, and cognitive information, and sending motor commands directly to the brainstem circuitry, the SC initiates a rapid orienting response that can invoke much of the body. The phylogenetic preservation of this structure illustrates its ongoing significance for survival, but for higher mammals, evolutionary pressure for flexible control over orienting behaviour coincided with development of a much more complex set of corticotectal projections. As a result, orienting in higher mammals (e.g. primates) is controlled by a careful interplay between sensory-driven and goal-driven processes that converge in the SC. This review focuses on the SC as a critical locus for this interaction, whereby one compartment fits the role of a visual saliency map, and another a priority map that represents the integration of salience and behavioural relevance.
A ug 2 01 7 A note on submanifolds of generalized Kähler manifolds by Izu Vaisman

In this note, we consider submanifolds of a generalized Kähler manifold that are CR-submanifolds for the two associated Hermitian structures. Then, we establish the conditions for the induced, generalized F structure to be a CRFK structure. The results extend similar conditions which we obtained for hypersurfaces in an earlier paper.
Node Importance Ranking in Complex Networks Based on Multicriteria Decision Making

Measuring node importance in complex networks has great theoretical and practical significance for network stability and robustness. A variety of network centrality criteria have been presented to address this problem, but each of them focuses only on certain aspects and results in loss of information. Therefore, this paper proposes a relatively comprehensive and effective method to evaluate node importance in complex networks using a multicriteria decision-making method. This method not only takes into account degree centrality, closeness centrality, and betweenness centrality, but also uses an entropy weighting method to calculate the weight of each criterion, which can overcome the influence of the subjective factor. To illustrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method, four experiments were conducted to rank node importance on four real networks. The experimental results showed that the proposed method can rank node importance more comprehensively and accurately than a single centrality criterion.
Contribution à l'étude des effets de forme des cavités en rupture ductile des métaux

La ruine des materiaux ductiles se produit par nucleation, croissance et coalescence de microcavites. Le modele le plus celebre decrivant la croissance des cavites dans les materiaux poreux plastiques est celui de Gurson. Il est base sur l’analyse-limite d’une sphere creuse soumise a des conditions de taux de deformation homogene au bord. Gologanu et al ont etendu ce modele a des cavites spheroidales allongees ou aplaties. Nous etendons ici l’approche de Gologanu et al a des cavites ellipsoidales generales. Dans la premiere partie, nous utilisons des champs de vitesse satisfaisant les conditions de taux de deformation homogene sur tous les ellipsoides confocaux avec le vide et l’ellipsoide exterieur, decouverts par Leblond et Gologanu, dans l’analyse-limite d’un domaine ellipsoidal. On obtient un critere approche de type Gurson. Dans la seconde partie l’analyse-limite precedente est amelioree : (i) Pour des chargements hydrostatiques, en effectuant des calculs micromecaniques par elements finis dans un certain nombre de cas significatifs ; (ii) Pour des chargements deviatoriques, en faisant directement usage de certains resultats rigoureux pour des composites non-lineaires. Dans la troisieme partie, nous comparons les predictions du critere propose avec des calculs numeriques realises sur diverses cellules. Dans la quatrieme partie, nous proposons des equations convenables pour les taux de deformation et de rotation d’une cavite ellipsoidale contenue dans un milieu parfaitement plastique. La cinquieme partie est consacree a l’implementation du critere de Hill dans le code SYSTUS et permet d’envisager l’extension du modele a des materiaux plastiquement anisotropes
Vulnerability Assessment of the Transportation Infrastructure Relying on the Global Positioning Syst

BACKGROUND The President's Commission on Critical Infrastructure Protection was established on July 15, 1996 by Executive Order 13010. The Commission conducted a 15-month inquiry into a broad range of infrastructure vulnerabilities, including those of the information and communications infrastructure. In the information and communications infrastructure, the most significant projected vulnerabilities found by the Commission were those associated with the modernization of the National Airspace System (NAS) and the plan to adopt the Global Positioning System (GPS) as the sole basis for radionavigation in the U.S. by 2010. In October 1997, the Commission recommended an assessment of the vulnerability of the transportation infrastructure relying on the use of GPS. Specifically, the report recommended a three-part assessment: • Fully evaluate actual and potential sources of interference to, and vulnerabilities of, GPS before a final decision is reached to eliminate other radionavigation and aircraft landing guidance systems. • Sponsor an independent, integrated assessment of risks to civilian users of GPS-based systems, projected through the year 2010. • Base decisions regarding the proper federal navigation systems mix and the final architecture of the modernized NAS on the results of that assessment. The Department of Transportation, in consultation with the Department of Defense, shall undertake a thorough evaluation of the vulnerability of the national transportation infrastructure that relies on the Global Positioning System. This evaluation shall include sponsoring an independent, integrated assessment of risks to civilian users of GPS-based systems, with a view to basing decisions on the ultimate architecture of the modernized NAS on these evaluations. Civilian uses of GPS are growing rapidly. This is largely due to the quality of the service GPS provides, its ease of use, and low user cost. Not only is GPS found in obvious positioning and navigation applications, it is becoming a utility whose presence within some supporting systems (such as a timing reference for the national power grids and telecommunications systems) is not readily apparent. The civil transportation infrastructure, seeking the increased efficiency made possible by GPS, is developing a reliance on GPS that can lead to serious consequences if the service is disrupted, and the applications are not prepared with mitigating equipment and operational procedures. 1 Numbers in square brackets, [#], refer to a reference entry in the numbered list in the " References " section. ES 2 In recent years, the potential for intentional, malicious disruption of GPS has been recognized. These disruptions can range …
ISA’s technology reaches the Middle East : when intelligent senses are needed anywhere

iii List of Exhibits.vi List of Terms and Acronyms . vii I | Introduction . 1 II | Case Study . 3 2.1. The Company. 3 2.2. The Core Strategy . 4 2.3. The International Lever . 6 2.4. The Flashback . 6 2.5. ISA South America . 8 2.6. ISA Middle East . 8 2.7. Local Presence and International Sales Process . 10 2.8. Magnifying ISA . 11 2.9. NYSE Alternext . 12 2.10. The Unforeseen . 13 2.11. Next Steps . 13 III | Literature Review . 19 3.1. R&D and Innovation in IJVs . 19 3.1. 1. Innovation as a Competitive Advantage . 19 3.1. 2. Disruptive and Sustaining Technologies . 20 3.1. 3. Innovation & Stakeholders . 22 3.1. 4. The Contribution of Technological R&D for Innovation in SMEs . 23 3.1. 5. The innovation value curve . 24 3.1. 6. Business Intelligence Processes . 24 3.2. International Negotiation . 26