Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The landscape ecology of butterflies in traditionally managed Norwegian farmland

The modernisation of agriculture has lead to changes in Norwegian farming landscapes that have consequences for butterfly distribution and abundance. Particularly important is the abandonment of traditionally managed grasslands and the consequent increase in potential barriers of scrub and trees in the landscape. In this thesis I use a landscape ecological perspective to explore the effects of abandonment on butterfly dispersal. I demonstrate that landscape elements influence butterfly movement behaviour: tall structures were significant barriers for a range of species and even low features, such as roads, elicited significant behavioural responses which shaped the movement patterns of butterflies. Behavioural differences between species were related to ecological and physiological characteristics. Movement patterns of Scarce Coppers (Lyceana virgaureae) were recorded by mark-release- recapture (MRR) techniques. Of 1711 recorded displacements, over 90 % were under 150 m. Exchange rates between meadows were dependent upon distance and the structure of intervening vegetation. A simple spatial model, parameterised with data from the behavioural experiments, was validated using MRR observations. This confirmed that the behaviour of individuals responding to single landscape elements has consequences at the level of populations and entire landscapes. The life history and movement behaviour of the endangered Apollo (Parnassius apollo), were examined using MRR. The butterfly is well adapted to a mosaic landscape structure; however, inter-meadow movement declined exponentially with increasing distance between meadows. Abandonment of hay meadows on steep slopes, with consequent forest succession, will adversely affect the Apollo by increasing the distances between open habitat. Genetic analyses support the findings of MMR studies and add a wider spatial and temporal perspective. As a conservation management priority, I recommend population mapping to identify key sites in regional networks of populations. Finally, I consider the links between empirical studies, modelling and the practical application of theory, and discuss the implications of landscape change for the butterflies of Norwegian farmland.
Smuggled Chinese : Clandestine Immigration to the United States

Foreword Douglas S. Massey Preface Acknowledgments Part I: Leaving for the Beautiful Country 1. In Search of the American Dream 2. In Search of the Beautiful Country 3. The Social Organization of Human Smuggling Part II: Following the Snakeheads 4. The Air Route 5. The Sea Route 6. The Land Route Part III: Climbing the Mountain of Gold 7. Safe Houses 8. Life in the Mountain of Gold 9. Stemming the Tide Glossary Appendix A: Research Methods Appendix B: Tables Notes References Index
Patient Engagement and Provider Effectiveness of a Novel Sleep Telehealth Platform and Remote Monitoring Assessment in the US Military: Pilot Study Providing Evidence-Based Sleep Treatment Recommendations

Background Sleep problems are common and costly in the US military. Yet, within the military health system, there is a gross shortage of trained specialist providers to address sleep problems. As a result, demand for sleep medicine care far exceeds the available supply. Telehealth including telemedicine, mobile health, and wearables represents promising approaches to increase access to high-quality and cost-effective care. Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate patient engagement and provider perceived effectiveness of a novel sleep telehealth platform and remote monitoring assessment in the US military. The platform includes a desktop web portal, native mobile app, and integrated wearable sensors (ie, a commercial off-the-shelf sleep tracker [Fitbit]). The goal of the remote monitoring assessment was to provide evidence-based sleep treatment recommendations to patients and providers. Methods Patients with sleep problems were recruited from the Internal Medicine clinic at Walter Reed National Military Medical Center. Patients completed intensive remote monitoring assessments over 10 days (including a baseline intake questionnaire, daily sleep diaries, and 2 daily symptom surveys), and wore a Fitbit sleep tracker. Following the remote monitoring period, patients received assessment results and personalized sleep education in the mobile app. In parallel, providers received a provisional patient assessment report in an editable electronic document format. Patient engagement was assessed via behavioral adherence metrics that were determined a priori. Patients also completed a brief survey regarding ease of completion. Provider effectiveness was assessed via an anonymous survey. Results In total, 35 patients with sleep problems participated in the study. There were no dropouts. Results indicated a high level of engagement with the sleep telehealth platform, with all participants having completed the baseline remote assessment, reviewed their personalized sleep assessment report, and completed the satisfaction survey. Patients completed 95.1% of sleep diaries and 95.3% of symptom surveys over 10 days. Patients reported high levels of satisfaction with most aspects of the remote monitoring assessment. In total, 24 primary care providers also participated and completed the anonymous survey. The results indicate high levels of perceived effectiveness and identified important potential benefits from adopting a sleep telehealth approach throughout the US military health care system. Conclusions Military patients with sleep problems and military primary care providers demonstrated high levels of engagement and satisfaction with a novel sleep telehealth platform and remote monitoring assessment. Sleep telehealth approaches represent a potential pathway to increase access to evidence-based sleep medicine care in the US military. Further evaluation is warranted.
Plant litter decomposition in agro-ecosystems: a functional study on the effect of resource history, chemical composition of plant litter and the dynamics of the microbial community.

This thesis is part of my master in Environmental Biology at the Graduate School of Life Science, Utrecht University. I chose to write my thesis in the form of a proposal for the AWL Open Call NWO programme. For my thesis I wrote the scientific background and the experimental set up for a study that we like to obtain a grant for. The other, practical, information is to be included later and is not part of my thesis. The paragraph numbers in this thesis are consistent with the numbers of the official proposal form. I hope you enjoy reading the application.
How Surface-Level and Deep-Level Faultlines Influence Team Performance through Subgroup Formation and Team Interaction Quality: A Meta-analytic Review

Abstract This article develops a framework to test how surface-level and deep-level faultlines impact team performance through subgroup formation and team interaction quality. We test it with 96 empirical articles on team faultlines from 2002 to 2022, using meta-analytic techniques. Firstly, results suggest that subgroup formation and team interaction quality act as serial mediums through which surface-level and deep-level faultlines exert negative indirect effects on team performance. Secondly, moderator analyses reveal that increasing interaction time will mitigate the effects of surface-level faultlines but enhance the effects of deep-level faultlines. Finally, surface- and deep-level social faultlines and deep-level task faultlines are detrimental to team interaction quality, and these negative effects are mediated by subgroup formation. Surface-level task faultlines are beneficial to team interaction, and this positive effect does not work through subgroup formation.
High Tumoral STMN1 Expression Is Associated with Malignant Potential and Poor Prognosis in Patients with Neuroblastoma

Simple Summary This study found that high levels of STMN1 expression in neuroblastoma indicate malignant potential, proliferation potency, and poor prognosis. STMN1 knockdown inhibited neuroblastoma cell growth regardless of MYCN overexpression. The study suggests that assessing STMN1 expression could be a powerful indicator of prognosis and a promising therapeutic candidate against refractory neuroblastoma. Abstract Background. Stathmin 1 (STMN1), a marker for immature neurons and tumors, controls microtubule dynamics by destabilizing tubulin. It plays an essential role in cancer progression and indicates poor prognosis in several cancers. This potential protein has not been clarified in clinical patients with neuroblastoma. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the clinical significance and STMN1 function in neuroblastoma with and without MYCN amplification. Methods. Using immunohistochemical staining, STMN1 expression was examined in 81 neuroblastoma samples. Functional analysis revealed the association among STMN1 suppression, cellular viability, and endogenous or exogenous MYCN expression in neuroblastoma cell lines. Result. High levels of STMN1 expression were associated with malignant potential, proliferation potency, and poor prognosis in neuroblastoma. STMN1 expression was an independent prognostic factor in patients with neuroblastoma. Furthermore, STMN1 knockdown inhibited neuroblastoma cell growth regardless of endogenous and exogenous MYCN overexpression. Conclusion. Our data suggest that assessing STMN1 expression in neuroblastoma could be a powerful indicator of prognosis and that STMN1 might be a promising therapeutic candidate against refractory neuroblastoma with and without MYCN amplification.
Habitat use and food habits of Kashmir red deer or hangul (Cervus elaphus hanglu) at Dachigam National Park, Kashmir, India

espanolSe investigaron el uso de habitat y los habitos alimenticios del Hangul (Cervus elaphus hanglu) en Parque Nacional Dachigam, Cachemira, India, entre abril de 2007 junio de 2009. Hemos caracterizado los habitats usados por el hangul sobre la base de parcelas de vegetacion (n=98) a lo largo de 13 transectos que sistematicamente cubren el Lower Dachigam (ca 90 km2), nuestra area intensiva de estudio. EnglishWe investigated the habitat use and food habits of Kashmir Red deer or Hangul (Cervus elaphus hanglu) at Dachigam National Park, Kashmir, India, from April 2007 to June 2009. We characterized Hangul habitats based on vegetation plots (n= 98) along 13 transects / trails that systematically covered Lower Dachigam (ca. 90 km2). our intensive study area.
Enumeration and Generation of Cyclically Permutable Codes From Cyclic Codes

Cyclically permutable codes (CPCs) have found important applications in many communication systems, such as the multiple access collision channel without feedback, frequency-hopping spread spectrum communication channels and the digital watermarking systems. In this paper, by introducing a new method we completely settle the problem of constructing a CPC with the largest possible code size derived from a given simple-root cyclic code. The contribution of this paper is twofold. First, we present a new enumerative formula for the code size of such CPC with all the terms being positive integers, contrasting to the previously known ones given in Allard et al. (1973), Song et al. (1993), Tavares et al. (1971), and Xia and Fu (1997) which involve the Möbius function. Second, we provide an algebraic and systematic method to produce such a CPC. Several examples are also included to illustrate our main results.
The MOR Cryptosystem in Classical Groups with a Gaussian Elimination Algorithm for Symplectic and Orthogonal Groups

In this chapter, we study the MOR cryptosystem with symplectic and orthogonal groups over finite fields of odd characteristics. There are four infinite families of finite classical Chevalley groups. These are special linear groups SL( d , q ), orthogonal groups O( d , q ), and symplectic groups Sp( d , q ). The family O( d , q ) splits into two different families of Chevalley groups depending on the parity of d . The MOR cryptosystem over SL( d , q ) was studied by the second author. In that case, the hardness of the MOR cryptosystem was found to be equivalent to the discrete logarithm problem in F q d . In this chapter, we show that the MOR cryptosystem over Sp( d , q ) has the security of the discrete logarithm problem in F q d . However, it seems likely that the security of the MOR cryptosystem for the family of orthogonal groups is F q d 2 . We also develop an analog of row-column operations in symplectic and orthogonal groups which is of independent interest as an appendix.
Can Blockchain Solve the Puzzle of Labour Standards Implementation in International Trade?

: In this chapter, we discuss how blockchain technology can be used to monitor and implement labour rights in international trade. While research highlights the link between labour standards and trade, clear guidance on how to design, monitor and enforce such frameworks in trade agreements is lacking. Commitments undertaken through trade agreements primarily focus on countries adhering to basic workers’ rights, rather than obligations regarding working conditions and pay and rest on crude checks and balances. The growing consumer demand for ethically sourced and produced goods requires increased traceability and transparency of labour rights. Currently information flows along the supply chain on labour rights are scarce and opaque. We argue that blockchain has the potential to limit unethical or fraudulent actors in that technology can revolutionise monitoring and compliance on labour issues under trade agreements. The transition from current form to blockchain enabled monitoring would, however require increased engagement and concerted efforts by both private and public stakeholders.
Community-based conservation and restoration in coastal wetlands: A review

9 Research has shown that conservation and restoration efforts that engage local 10 communities are more successful at meeting stated goals than those that are externally controlled. 11 Such participatory management approaches have been increasingly applied in coastal wetland 12 ecosystems, yet our collective understanding of the scope of methods applied and outcomes 13 observed in these efforts is limited. In order to address this gap, we present a review of the literature 14 on community-based conservation and restoration in coastal wetlands. We summarize the current 15 state of coastal wetland participatory management and provide suggestions for future conservation 16 and restoration efforts, namely: expanding the ecosystem and geographic focus, incorporating 17 additional approaches and outcome metrics, and increasing the post-conservation or restoration 18 monitoring period. It is our hope that this work will encourage further implementation of 19 community-based approaches to coastal wetland management for the collective benefit of both 20 people and nature. 21
THE INFLUENCE OF THERMOCHROMIC GLAZING PARAMETERS ON ENERGY SAVING AND COMFORT CRITERIA USING MOMENT- INDEPENDENT MEASURE

Windows are central in architecture and they play a significant role in the energy consumption of buildings, particularly in hot climates, where overheating is a critical issue. Innovative glazing technologies, like thermochromic (TC) glazing, could help to overcome those issues. This article aims to identify both the influence and the importance of thermochromic glazing parameters. A sensitivity analysis by means of moment-independent measure with Latin hypercube sampling has been used,
The Hutterites of Montana

Isolated on the prairies of Montana far from mainstream America, the Hutterites live on large farms and ranches. They shun the modern world. Less assimilated than the Amish and the Mennonites, they practice communal living through shared ownership of all property and income. Although the Hutterites use modern agricultural equipment, they carefully protect their spiritual life by avoiding worldly temptations -- no televisions, radios, cars, or dancing. The Hutterites represent an overlooked story in the modern American West and are a part of our nation's religious history.This stunning book is a unique document of the Hutterites of Montana, comprising Laura Wilson's photographs and interviews with them over a fourteen-year period. Wilson explains how she met the Hutterites and received unprecedented access to photograph them in their day-to-day life. Then, often using the words of members of the community, she reveals fascinating details about their history, their leadership structure, their religious beliefs, the place of women in their society, the education of their young, and the strength of their communal tradition. Wilson's text and photographs bring to life a remarkable people whose close family ties, spiritual activities, and sure sense of place contrast dramatically with the values and preoccupations of our own rootless society.
Multiparametric Evaluation of Geriatric Patients Admitted to Intermediate Care: Impact on Geriatric Rehabilitation

Optimizing the functional status of patients of any age is a major global public health goal. Rehabilitation is a process in which a person with disabilities is accompanied to achieve the best possible physical, functional, social, intellectual, and relational outcomes. The Intermediate Care Unit within the O.U. of Geriatrics and Gerontology of the San Martino Hospital in Genoa is focused on the treatment and motor reactivation of patients with geriatric pathologies. The objective of this study was to identify which factor, among the characteristics related to the patient and those identified by the geriatric evaluation, had the greatest impact on rehabilitation outcomes. Our findings revealed significant correlations between the Barthel Index delta, the 4AT Screening Test, and the number of drugs taken. This association highlights the potential benefits of medication management in enhancing the overall well-being and functional abilities of frail older adults, despite the literature suggesting that polypharmacotherapy is associated with a reduction in functional status and an increase in mortality. These findings underscore the significance of a multidimensional geriatric assessment. Refining and optimising these multidisciplinary approaches is the objective of a more effective geriatric rehabilitation strategy.
Synoptic circulation patterns of urban floods for the city of Hyderabad

Synoptic fingerprinting of flood driving rainfall events over the Hyderabad city, India were assessed through an unsupervised machine learning technique—self‐organizing maps (SOM) for the period 1979–2020. Flood dates were identified using nonscientific data sources, and then large‐scale climate variables, that is, integrated vapour transport (IVT) and geopotential height at 500 hPa (Z500) along with rainfall at daily scale were considered. SOM was applied on IVT and results indicated large spatial scale‐ and season‐specific mechanisms in addition to local circulation systems—this highlights SOM's ability to cluster circulation mechanisms as per the relevance. The rainy seasons, that is, monsoon and postmonsoon showed well‐known moisture pathways. While synoptic systems can be easily linked with monsoon and postmonsoon mechanisms, it is interesting to note that the local systems exist even during the monsoon and postmonsoon season in addition to the summer season. Spatial patterns of Z500 corresponding to SOM nodes of IVT showed the presence of low‐pressure systems (LPSs), tropical cyclones and trough systems. Further analysis was performed, and a total of 35 atmospheric rivers (ARs) were identified. Plots of back trajectories for the selected AR events indicated that Arabian Sea is the main source of moisture in the monsoon season followed by Bay of Bengal for postmonsoon and tropical cyclones in summer season events. Additionally, moisture from land is also observed as another source of moisture. Back‐trajectory analysis further indicated AR‐LPS interaction during the monsoon and ARs feeding moisture to LPSs. Overall, well‐known and season‐specific synoptic systems that brought significant rainfall to the study region were identified by the SOM. The proposed framework is adaptable for different locations, and as floods in cities across the globe are on the rise, these findings will have a prominent role in urban flood forecasting and management.
Direct Position Determination of Non-Gaussian Sources for Sensor Arrays via Improved Rooting Subspace Data Fusion Method

The improved rooting subspace data fusion (IR-SDF) method of non-Gaussian (NG) sources for sensors with augmented coprime arrays (SACA) is introduced into the direct position determination (DPD) problem in this article. The higher-order cumulants used in parameter estimation for NG sources are the fourth-order cumulants which help to expand array properties. The proposed IR-SDF method which combined the weighted method and rooting method solves the problems of poor stability and high complexity of spectral peak search for subspace data fusion (SDF) method. Sensor-augmented coprime arrays enhance the degree of freedom (DOF), and the spatial smoothing method is employed to handle the augmented coprime array for DPD. The emulation results demonstrate that the performance of the IR-SDF method is superior to rooting SDF (R-SDF), SDF, Capon, maximum likelihood (ML), and two-step method. The proposed method uses the cost function of rooting the SDF method to obtain spectral peak searching estimation position so its complexity is lower than the SDF, weighted SDF method, and Capon method.
Forward Modeling of SDO/AIA and X-Ray Emission from a Simulated Flux Rope Ejection

We conduct forward-modeling analysis based on our 2.5 dimensional magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) simulation of magnetic flux rope (MFR) formation and eruption driven by photospheric converging motion. The current sheet (CS) evolution during the MFR formation and eruption process in our MHD simulation can be divided into four stages. The first stage shows the CS forming and gradually lengthening. Resistive instabilities that disrupt the CS mark the beginning of the second stage. Magnetic islands disappear in the third stage and reappear in the fourth stage. Synthetic images and light curves of the seven Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO)/Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) channels, i.e., 94 Å, 131 Å, 171 Å, 193 Å, 211 Å, 304 Å, and 335 Å, and the 3–25 keV thermal X-ray are obtained with forward-modeling analysis. The loop-top source and the coronal sources of the soft X-ray are reproduced in forward modeling. The light curves of the seven SDO/AIA channels start to rise once resistive instabilities develop. The light curve of the 3–25 keV thermal X-ray starts to go up when the reconnection rate reaches one of its peaks. Quasiperiodic pulsations (QPPs) appear twice in the SDO/AIA 171 Å, 211 Å, and 304 Å channels, corresponding to the period of chaotic (re)appearance and CS-guided displacements of the magnetic islands. QPPs appear once in the SDO/AIA 94 Å and 335 Å channels after the disruption of the CS by resistive instabilities and in the 193 Å channel when the chaotic motion of the magnetic islands reappears.