Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, Perception and Practices of Oil Palm Smallholders toward Ganoderma Basal Stem Rot Disease in Sabah

Oil palm or scientifically known as Elaeis guineensis Jacq. is the most important commodity crop as compared to other crops in Malaysia. Currently, Malaysia’s oil palm industry is facing two main problems, namely lack of manpower resources and incurable oil palm disease. As far as the disease problem to oil palm in Malaysia is concerned, Ganoderma basal stem rot (BSR) remains an important disease. Oil palm smallholders play very important to the oil palm industry. Unfortunately, many the farmers did not realize that their fields were infected with BSR and failed to recognize the extent of disease incidence. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify the knowledge, attitude, and practices of oil palm smallholders toward the disease especially in Sabah. A cluster analysis on the knowledge of the respondents towards BSR disease showed that there were two categories of respondents, and the level of their knowledge is significantly associated with their category of smallholders either independent or organized smallholders. Based on the factor analysis, there were two main problems or issues faced by the respondent in dealing with the disease, namely lack of knowledge about the disease and lack of money, labour and time to overcome the disease. In terms of practices, most of the respondents did not conduct any census on the disease, did nothing to the infected palms, and did nothing to prevent their field from being infected. As conclusion, the knowledge of oil palm smallholders towards BSR disease is still low. The relevant parties should focus on how to improve the knowledge as well as the awareness of oil palm smallholders on this devastating disease.
Accelerated Volume Rendering on Structured Adaptive Meshes

Multi-scale phenomena are abundant in many application fields. Representing and numerically simulating such processes is a challenging task since quite different scales have to be resolved, which often requires enormous amounts of storage and computational power. An important strategy in this context is adaptivity, i.e. local adjustment of the spatio-temporal resolution to the details to be resolved. A standard representation therefore are hierarchical, locally refined grids. A specific adaptive approach for solving partial differential equations, usually called AMR (Adaptive Mesh Refinement), was introduced in 1984. The basic idea is to combine the simplicity of structured grids and the advantages of local refinement. In this numerical scheme the computations are started on a set of coarse, potentially overlapping structured grids, that cover the computational domain. Local error criteria are applied to detect regions that require higher resolution. These are covered by subgrids with decreasing mesh spacing, which do not replace, but rather overlap the refined regions of the coarser patches. The equations are advanced on the finer subgrids and the refinement procedure recursively continues until all cells fulfill the considered error criteria, giving rise to a hierarchy of nested levels of refinement. In 1989 a variant of this scheme, called Structured Adaptive Mesh Refinement (SAMR), which reduces some of the complexity of the original approach, was proposed. While the separate subgrids in the AMR scheme could be rotated against each other, in SAMR they are aligned with the major axes of the coordinate system, which for example simplifies the computation of fluxes of (conserved) quantities through the cell faces. SAMR has become more and more popular in the last decade, and nowadays it is applied in many domains like hydrodynamics, meteorology and in particular in cosmology and relativistic astrophysics. Due to this growing popularity, an increasing number of scientists is in need of appropriate interactive visualization techniques to interpret and analyze AMR simulation data. Tools for both, 2D analysis to quantitatively convey the information within single slices and 3D representations to apprehend the overall structure are required. In this thesis we develop direct and indirect volume visualization algorithms for scalar fields that are defined on structured Adaptive Mesh Refinement (SAMR) grids. In particular algorithms for planar slicing and the display of height fields, C0-continuous isosurface extraction, software-, and hardware-based direct volume rendering and temporal interpolation for cell-, and vertex-centered data on unrestricted SAMR grids are proposed. Additionally we investigate the applicability of SAMR data structures for accelerated software-, and hardware-based volume rendering of large 3D scalar data.
Educational Research: Fundamentals for the Consumer. Second Edition.

Preface. 1. Introduction to Research in Education. 2. Variables, Research Problems, and Hypotheses. 3. Locating and Reviewing Related Literature. 4. Using the Internet for Educational Research. 5. Subjects, Participants, and Sampling. 6. Foundations of Educational Measurement. 7. Types of Educational Measures. 8. Nonexperimental Quantitative Research Designs. 9. Experimental and Single-Subject Research Designs. 10. Analyzing Statistic Inferences. 11. Qualitative Research Designs. 12. Analyzing Discussion and Conclusions. 13. The Intelligent Consumer: Putting It All Together. Appendix: Answers to Sample Test Questions. References. Acknowledgements. Index.
DEPENDENT GLUCOSE DEHYDROGENASE COMPRISING ANAMINO ACID INSERTON

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Numerical investigation of masonry structures on the micro level

The force-displacement behavior of stone masonry elements depends on the properties of their constituents, mortar and stone, as well as on their typology, i.e., the shape and size of the stones and the patterns they generate. It is well known that stone masonry typology depends on geographical regions, construction periods, and building technology. However, relatively few research has been dedicated to study its influence on the mechanical properties of the stone masonry. Existing studies used experimental tests in order to investigate the stone masonry pattern. However, such studies are often rather small due to the considerable costs associated to experimental tests. Furthermore, it is often difficult to change all parameters systematically. For this reason, this study uses a numerical approach, which requires a detailed micro-modeling method and a typology generator to systematically generate masonry patterns. The objective of this research is to investigate the mechanical behavior of different typologies. This study builds upon a detailed micro-modeling approach with cohesive elements and a newly developed microstructure generator. Samples of different typologies are subjected to two different boundary conditions, compression and shear compression. For the shear compression tests, two compression levels are applied, under which specimens exhibit a flexural and a mixed failure mode, respectively. Depending on the failure mode, a significant influence of typology on the mechanical behavior of masonry elements is observed. More specifically, there is a significant positive correlation between line of minimum trace and compressive/shear strength. This research outlines how the detailed micro-modeling technique in combination with a typology generator can be used to systematically investigate the influence of stone masonry topology on the mechanical behavior and lays the foundation for future studies.
MetPred : a web server for classification , identification and prediction of metalloproteases

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A new ‘ geothermal play type ’ catalog : Streamlining exploration decision making

Up to now there is no standardized global approach in the assessment of geothermal resources. In the standard assessment process for hydrocarbon resources, the lowest unit in a bottom up approach is the geologically based play type. This approach leads to prospects, recoverable or non-recoverable resources and ultimately to reserves and producing fields. A play type in petroleum geology represents a particular stratigraphic or structural geological setting, defined by source rock, reservoir rock and trap. Translated to geothermal systems, a play type might be defined by the heat source and the geological controls on heat transport and thermal energy storage capacity. Plays can best help if they comprise meaningful natural groups that can be used both for reliable field analog comparison and for exploration decision making in a specific geologic context. A logical and consistent framework for a geothermal play type catalog needs to be simple enough to communicate important aspects of geothermal energy potential to both non-experts and the general public. A play type catalog must also be comprehensive enough to provide a globally applicable geological framework to cover the whole range of possible geothermal systems. We therefore propose a catalog of geothermal play types based on geologic controls. Key defining elements of this catalog are whether heat transfer is dominated by conduction or convection, and the characteristics on a regional scale of the heat source, reservoir and host rock, porosity-permeability structure and fluid types. This new catalog is explicitly not based on temperature, depth or enthalpy, because these criteria cannot be reliably known prior to exploration. Although there might be future modifications and additions required the advantage of this new play type catalog is the facility to compare similar geothermal plays worldwide and their development to producing fields. Eventually this catalog may help to accelerate the learning curve in geothermal exploration and to a reliable assessment process towards commerciality of geothermal resources.
Body mass index and obesity among adults in Finland

Abstract 7List of original publications 9Abbreviations 101. Introduction 112. Review of the literature 132.1. Definitions and classification of obesity 132.1. 1. BMI as a measure for assessing obesity 132.1. 2. Abdominal obesity 162.1. 3. Other anthropometric measures for assessing obesity 202.2. Prevalence and trends in obesity 212.2. 1. Obesity in Finland 222.2. 2. Obesity elsewhere in Europe 232.2. 3. Obesity in countries outside Europe 302.3. Factors associated with BMI and obesity 312.3. 1. Demographic factors: gender, age and ethnicity 322.3. 2. Sociocultural factors: educat ion and family situation 342.3. 3. Dietary intake, physical activity, alcohol consumption and smoking.383. Aims of the study 474. Subjects and methods 484.1. Participants 484.2. Measurements 514.2. 1. Anthropometric measurements 514.2. 2. Questionnaire 514.3. Statistical methods 545. Results 565.1. BMI and prevalence of obesity 565.1. 1. Age 585.1. 2. Education 605.1. 3. Occupation 62
Comparing the Kirwan and noncommutative resolutions of quotient varieties.

Let a reductive group $G$ act on a smooth variety $X$ such that a good quotient $X{/\! \! /}G$ exists. We show that the derived category of a noncommutative crepant resolution (NCCR) of $X{/\! \! /} G$, obtained from a $G$-equivariant vector bundle on $X$, can be embedded in the derived category of the (canonical, stacky) Kirwan resolution of $X{/\! \! /} G$. In fact the embedding can be completed to a semi-orthogonal decomposition in which the other parts are all derived categories of Azumaya algebras over smooth Deligne-Mumford stacks.
Comparative Analysis of Feature Selection Methods and Machine Learning Algorithms in Permission based Android Malware Detection

The most anticipated cell phone working frameworks available in the market is Google android cell phone board. The open source android board raises trivial problems related to malevolent applications (Apps) and enables designers to take full preferred standpoint of the portable activity framework. On one hand, the distinction of android assimilates consideration of most engineers for building up their applications on this board. Then again, the expanded quantities of utilizations, readies an appropriate inclined for a few clients to create distinctive classes of malware and embed them in Google android advertise or other outsider markets as kindhearted applications. The issue of identifying such malware presents an elite test because of the confined assets accessible and insufficient benefits conceded to the client, yet additionally introduces extraordinary open door in the required metadata connected to every application. Consequently, in this work, android malwares are identified based on the permissions it demands from the client. A few machine learning calculations are being utilized in the discovery of android malware based on the group of permissions empowered for each application. This paper makes an endeavor to examine the execution of different attribute selection methods, like Relief Attribute Evaluator, Gain Ratio Attribute Evaluator, Correlation based Feature Subset Evaluator (CFS), Chi-Square (CH) examination and various machine learning calculations, as Naïve Bayes (NB), J48, Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Multi-Layer Perceptron based Neural Network (MLPNN), k-Nearest Neighbor (kNN) and hence an arrangement of results acquired for permission based malware recognition and categorization demonstrates that Chi-Square attribute selection technique and SVM machine learning calculation are overtaking the other feature selection and machine learning methods correspondingly.
Understanding Outsourcing from the Client’s Perspective: Revisiting the Existing Literature

With the advent of globalisation and fierce competition, outsourcing is considered as a smart management technique and a strategic initiative, which enables organisations to achieve competitive advantage in today’s market. Accordingly, most of the organisations from both private and public sectors have tended to outsource at least one of their services to outside service providers. Over the years, a number of researchers have discussed themes of outsourcing in different perspectives, and the aim of this paper is to synthesize the existing literature in order to provide a clearer picture of the outsourcing concept. Though outsourcing has been written extensively, as the researchers highlighted, most of the previous studies have focused on two key questions: ‘‘should we outsource? ’’ and ‘‘what to outsource? ’’. Therefore, this paper goes beyond what is often addressed in literature and discusses different definitions of outsourcing, the notions identified through those definitions, different forms of outsourcing, motives as well as the outsourcing process. While outsourcing involves two major parties, i.e. the Client; who obtains a specific product, service or a process and the Service Provider; who provides the said product, service or process, this paper discusses the above key themes from the Client’s point of view.
SpiderSeqR: an R package for crawling the web of high-throughput multi-omic data repositories for data-sets and annotation

More than three decades ago, the microarray revolution brought about high-throughput data generation capability to biology and medicine. Subsequently, the emergence of massively parallel sequencing technologies led to many big-data initiatives such as the human genome project and the encyclopedia of DNA elements (ENCODE) project. These, in combination with cheaper, faster massively parallel DNA sequencing capabilities, have democratised multi-omic (genomic, transcriptomic, translatomic and epigenomic) data generation leading to a data deluge in bio-medicine. While some of these data-sets are trapped in inaccessible silos, the vast majority of these data-sets are stored in public data resources and controlled access data repositories, enabling their wider use (or misuse). Currently, most peer reviewed publications require the deposition of the data-set associated with a study under consideration in one of these public data repositories. However, clunky and difficult to use interfaces, subpar or incomplete annotation prevent discovering, searching and filtering of these multi-omic data and hinder their re-purposing in other use cases. In addition, the proliferation of multitude of different data repositories, with partially redundant storage of similar data are yet another obstacle to their continued usefulness. Similarly, interfaces where annotation is spread across multiple web pages, use of accession identifiers with ambiguous and multiple interpretations and lack of good curation make these data-sets difficult to use. We have produced SpiderSeqR, an R package, whose main features include the integration between NCBI GEO and SRA databases, enabling an integrated unified search of SRA and GEO data-sets and associated annotations, conversion between database accessions, as well as convenient filtering of results and saving past queries for future use. All of the above features aim to promote data reuse to facilitate making new discoveries and maximising the potential of existing data-sets. Availability https://github.com/ss-lab-cancerunit/SpiderSeqR
The Evolution of Diversity Climate Research: A Review and Synthesis

The purpose of this paper is to integrate the results obtained from various studies on the diversity climate.The academic development of the concept of diversity climate in work life has been analyzed in a comprehensive way. Forty-one empirical studies published between 1975 and 2018 were retrieved from the ISI Web of Knowledge database and included in this theory-driven review. The main research questions of the current study are the following: “What do we know about the diversity climate in organizations? What theories is diversity climate based on? What is the focal point of the diversity climate? What are the dimensions and outcomes of diversity climate? ”. The result suggests that the holistic picture about the diversity climate theories, variables, research method, unit of analysis and results of the articles reviewed.This research helps to identify diversity climate which is important for the graduate students, researchers and scholars who are interested or working in the field of diversity and diversity climate.