Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On The Painleve Property For A Class Of Quasilinear Partial Differential Equations.

The last decades saw growing interest across multiple disciplines in nonlinear phenomena described by partial differential equations (PDE). Integrability of such equations is tightly related with the Painleve property - solutions being free from moveable critical singularities. The problem of Painleve classification of ordinary and partial nonlinear differential equations lasting since the end of XIX century saw significant advances for the equation of lower (mainly up to fourth with rare exceptions) order, however not that much for the equations of higher orders. Recent works of the author have completed the Painleve classification for several broad classes of ordinary differential equations of arbitrary order, advancing the methodology of the Panleve analysis. This paper transfers one of those results on a broad class of nonlinear partial differential equations - quasilinear equations of an arbitrary order three or higher, algebraic in the dependent variable and including only the highest order derivatives of it. Being a first advance in Painleve classification of broad classes of arbitrary order nonlinear PDE's known to the author, this work highlights the potential in building classifications of that kind going beyond specific equations of a limited order, as mainly considered so far.
Endofunctors of singularity categories characterizing Gorenstein rings

In this paper, we prove that certain contravariant endofunctors of singularity categories characterize Gorenstein rings. Let Λ be a noetherian ring. Denote by Dsg(Λ) the singularity category of Λ, that is, the Verdier quotient of the bounded derived category D(Λ) of finitely generated (right) Λ-modules by the full subcategory consisting of bounded complexes of finitely generated projective Λ-modules. We are interested in the following question. Question 1. What contravariant endofunctor of Dsg(Λ) characterizes the Iwanaga– Gorenstein property of Λ? In this paper we shall consider this question in the case where Λ is commutative and Cohen–Macaulay. Let R be a commutative Cohen–Macaulay local ring of Krull dimension d. Denote by CM(R) the category of (maximal) Cohen–Macaulay R-modules and by CM(R) its stable category : the objects of CM(R) are the Cohen–Macaulay R-modules, and the hom-set HomCM(R)(M,N) is defined as HomR(M,N), the quotient module of HomR(M,N) by the submodule consisting homomorphisms factoring through finitely generated projective (or equivalently, free) R-modules. The natural full embedding functor CM(R) → D(R) induces an additive covariant functor η : CM(R) → Dsg(R). Furthermore, the assignment M 7→ ΩTrM , where Ω and Tr stand for the syzygy and transpose functors respectively (see [1, Chapter 2, §1] for details of the functors Ω and Tr), makes an additive contravariant functor
Power Decoupling Rectifier With Common-Ground Concept for Lighting Applications

The lightweight and the electrolytic capacitor-less are the development trends of microconverters for transportation lighting applications. Some solutions available to address the power fluctuations are caused by electrolytic capacitor-less. However, the leakage currents caused by nonisolated converters have been little studied. Given this, an improved transformerless single-phase rectifier based on the virtual dc-bus concept is proposed in this letter. This solution connects the negative of the LED array directly to the grid neutral, thus shorting the stray capacitance to the ground, suppressing leakage currents, and improving system reliability. In addition, the active pulsating power buffering solution is introduced with only one additional power switch due to the sharing of cells. Finally, the experimental results verify the correctness and superior performance of the proposed solution.
Perfect Sampling of Generalized Jackson Network

We provide the first perfect sampling algorithm for a Generalized Jackson Network of FIFO queues under arbitrary topology and non-Markovian assumptions on the input of the network. We assume (in addition to stability) that the interarrival and service times of customers have finite moment generating function in a neighborhood of the origin, and the interarrival times have unbounded support.
Assessing Motivations for Punishment: The Sentencing Goals Inventory

The purpose of these studies was to develop a novel measurement, the Sentencing Goals Inventory (SGI), for understanding the underlying people’s motivations for punishing justice-involved individuals. Prior scales have focused on punishment motives such as utilitarianism (incapacitation or deterrence) and retribution (“just deserts”) but have not assessed a rehabilitation motive (punishment with the goal of addressing the cause of criminality) in tandem. Building on the previous unpublished work by Perelman and colleagues (2010), we conducted four new studies on the SGI. A slightly modified version of the scale emerged as a well-fitting model for sentencing goals. It displayed good reliability across samples, internal structure validity, and discriminant and convergent validity with other measures. This work provides a strong basis of evidence for the SGI as a measure of current social attitudes toward criminal justice sanctions and punishment that can be used in future research and to inform public policy.
A non-commutative Wiener–Wintner theorem

For a von Neumann algebra $\cal M$ with a faithful normal tracial state $\tau$ and a positive ergodic homomorphism $\alpha:\mathcal L^1(\mathcal M,\tau)\to \mathcal L^1(\mathcal M,\tau)$ such that $\alpha$ does not increase the norm in $\mathcal M$ and $\tau \circ \alpha=\tau$, we establish a non-commutative counterpart of the classical Wiener-Wintner Theorem.
Generalization of theorems of Griffiths and Steenbrink to hypersurfaces with ordinary double points

Let Y be a hypersurface in projective space having only ordinary double points as singularities. We prove a variant of a conjecture of L. Wotzlaw on an algebraic description of the graded quotients of the Hodge filtration on the top cohomology of the complement of Y except for certain degrees of the graded quotients, as well as its extension to the Milnor cohomology of a defining polynomial of Y for degrees a little bit lower than the middle. These partially generalize theorems of Griffiths and Steenbrink in the Y smooth case, and enable us to determine the structure of the pole order spectral sequence. We then get quite simple formulas for the Steenbrink and pole order spectra in this case, which cannot be extended even to the simple singularity case easily.
Spin pumping of current in non-uniform conducting magnets

We show that magnetic disequilibrium within a magnetic domain (e.g., by a magnetic field driving a domain wall) implies spin pumping of current within that domain. This has experimental implications for samples both with conducting leads and that are electrically isolated. For a two-band magnet these results are obtained first by simple arguments, and then by using irreversible thermodynamics to derive the full dynamical equations, with up and down spins each providing conduction and magnetism. It is known that in regions where the equilibrium magnetization is non-uniform, voltage gradients can drive both adiabatic and nonadiabatic bulk spin torques. Onsager relations then ensure that magnetic torques likewise drive related amounts of adiabatic and nonadiabatic currents what we call bulk spin pumping. As for recent spin-Berry phase work, we find that within a domain wall, the ratio of the effective electromotive force to the magnetic field is approximately given by P(2μΒ/e), where Ρ is the spin polarization. The adiabatic spin torque and spin-pumping terms are shown to be dissipative. We also discuss the issue of Landau-Lifshitz damping vs Gilbert damping; both irreversible thermodynamics and Langevin theory with near-equilibrium thermodynamic fluctuations lead to Landau-Lifshitz damping.
Exogenously Applied Sulphur Improves Growth, Photosynthetic Efficiency, Enzymatic Activities, Mineral Nutrient Contents, Yield and Quality of Brassica juncea L.

Background: Due to increasing domestic and industrial demand, edible oil production is not keeping up with demand. To fill this gap, the productivity of oilseeds can be increased by applying adequate nutrients, particularly sulphur (S), at the crucial growth stage. Purpose: The present study aims to explore the best concentration of S for its foliar application on various cultivars of mustard. Methods: A factorial randomized pot experiment was conducted to investigate the role of leaf-applied S on growth, physiobiochemistry, yield and quality traits of three cultivars of Brassica juncea L. (mustard). Five levels of S viz. 0 (water), 15, 30, 45 and 60 ppm S constituted one variant, and the three cultivars (Chutki, Nath Sona and Rohini) were the other variants. The various levels of S were sprayed at 50 and 70 days after sowing (DAS). The growth and physio-biochemical characteristics were studied at 90 DAS, and yield and quality attributes at 120 DAS (harvest). Results: The data indicated that increasing S levels up to 45 ppm S improved all parameters of mustard and thereafter (at the level above 45 ppm S) decreased. Cultivar Nath Sona, followed by Rohini and Chutki, performed best. Among the foliar spray treatment of different levels of S, the application of 45 ppm S increased plant dry weight by 40.21, 35.65 and 30.96%, photosynthetic rate by 28.27, 27.44 and 36.29%, pods of a plant by 15.23, 12.12 and 10.80%, seed yield of a plant by 7.54, 3.89 and 4.91%, oil content by 48.70, 46.31 and 43.15% and oil yield of a plant by 24.56, 23.93 and 22.35% in cultivar Nath Sona, Rohini and Chutki, respectively, compared with their respective water-treated plants. Moreover, the oil was examined by GC-MS technique for its various components. The analysis revealed that there were 36 compounds in the oil of the non-treated plants and 44 compounds in the oil of plants treated with 45 ppm S. The extra compounds resulted from the application of 45 ppm S. Conclusion: It may be concluded that two sprays of 45 ppm S proved effective in improving the growth, physio-biochemical characteristics, yield and quality of cultivars of mustard, particularly Nath Sona.
Irish cattle farmers’ experiences and perceptions of negative framing of farm animal welfare in the media

Increased urbanisation in recent decades has created a knowledge gap between farming and the Irish public. Mainstream media has begun filling this gap through reports on farm animal welfare (FAW) incidents that sometimes frame farming in a negative way. This negative framing can influence how farmers perceive the information communicated in these media stories and colour their experiences. Furthermore, perceived societal pressures may contribute to farmers feeling overwhelmed or negatively impact their mental health. In the context of FAW, the latter is particularly relevant as poor farmer mental health has been associated with poorer animal welfare. However, little is known about how the negative framing of FAW stories influence farmers’ perceptions and experiences. The aim of this study was to explore how negatively framed media stories about FAW incidents affect cattle farmers’ perceptions of animal welfare. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with seven Irish beef and dairy farmers using vignettes displaying negatively framed FAW incidents presented in the media. Five themes were identified: (1) job satisfaction and motivation, (2) impact on the human–animal relationship, (3) the importance of community, (4) negative portrayal of farmers and (5) need for FAW education. Findings suggest that negative framing of FAW in the media, as well as rural restructuring in Ireland, may negatively affect farmers’ motivation which could have indirect implications for the welfare of their animals.
Polar Convolution

The Moreau envelope is one of the key convexity-preserving functional operations in convex analysis, and it is central to the development and analysis of many approaches for convex optimization. This paper develops the theory for an analogous convolution operation, called the polar envelope, specialized to gauge functions. Many important properties of the Moreau envelope and the proximal map are mirrored by the polar envelope and its corresponding proximal map. These properties include smoothness of the envelope function, uniqueness and continuity of the proximal map, which play important roles in duality and in the construction of algorithms for gauge optimization. A suite of tools with which to build algorithms for this family of optimization problems is thus established.
Combinatorial theory of the semiclassical evaluation of transport moments II: Algorithmic approach for moment generating functions

Electronic transport through chaotic quantum dots exhibits universal behaviour which can be understood through the semiclassical approximation. Within the approximation, calculation of transport moments reduces to codifying classical correlations between scattering trajectories. These can be represented as ribbon graphs and we develop an algorithmic combinatorial method to generate all such graphs with a given genus. This provides an expansion of the linear transport moments for systems both with and without time reversal symmetry. The computational implementation is then able to progress several orders further than previous semiclassical formulae as well as those derived from an asymptotic expansion of random matrix results. The patterns observed also suggest a general form for the higher orders.
Muscle MRI-Based Atrophy Pattern Recognition: Notable Findings in a Case of Pathologically Proven Lipid Storage Myopathy

Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology ¦ Volume 25 ¦ Issue 6 ¦ November-December 2022 1184 Sir, Lipid storage myopathy is a group of rare multi‐system disorders usually caused by enzymatic defects in lipid metabolism. They may manifest at all ages, from early stages of life to late adulthood, and may have an acute or a chronic presentation. They commonly affect the skeletal muscle but may involve other organ systems as well. [1] In most myopathic forms of the disease, deposition of lipid in muscle fibers is found on muscle biopsy specimens. Although rare, it is essential to recognize these disorders as they are potentially treatable and mimic other disorders, including inflammatory myopathies and even polyradiculopathy, with important therapeutic implications. [2] We report a case of lipid storage myopathy in which a systematic diagnostic approach and investigations including muscle magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and muscle biopsy greatly aided the diagnosis, especially as genetic testing was not feasible.
An obstruction to $\ell^p$-dimension

For any group $G$ containing an infinite elementary amenable subgroup, and any $2<p<\infty$, there exists closed invariant subspaces $E_i\nearrow \ell^pG$ and $F\neq 0$ such that $E_i\cap F = 0$ for all $i$. This is an obstacle to $\ell^p$-dimension and gives a negative answer to a question of Gaboriau.
Cache-Aided Interference Management with Subexponential Subpacketization

Consider an interference channel consisting of $K_T$ transmitters and $K_R$ receivers with AWGN noise and complex channel gains, and with $N$ files in the system. The one-shot $\mathsf{DoF}$ for this channel is the maximum number of receivers which can be served simultaneously with vanishing probability of error as the $\mathsf{SNR}$ grows large, under a class of schemes known as \textit{one-shot} schemes. Consider that there exists transmitter and receiver side caches which can store fractions $\frac{M_T}{N}$ and $\frac{M_R}{N}$ of the library respectively. Recent work for this cache-aided interference channel setup shows that, using a carefully designed prefetching(caching) phase, and a one-shot coded delivery scheme combined with a proper choice of beamforming coefficients at the transmitters, we can achieve a $\mathsf{DoF}$ of $t_T+t_R$, where $t_T=\frac{M_T K_T}{N}$ and $t_R=\frac{M_R K_R}{N},$ which was shown to be almost optimal. The existing scheme involves splitting the file into $F$ subfiles (the parameter $F$ is called the \textit{subpacketization}), where $F$ can be extremely large (in fact, with constant cache fractions, it becomes exponential in $K_R$, for large $K_R$). In this work, our first contribution is a scheme which achieves the same $\mathsf{DoF}$ of $t_T+t_R$ with a smaller subpacketization than prior schemes. Our second contribution is a new coded caching scheme for the interference channel based on projective geometries over finite fields which achieves a one-shot $\mathsf{DoF}$ of $\Theta(log_qK_R+K_T)$, with a subpacketization $F=q^{O(K_T+(log_qK_R)^2)}$ (for some prime power $q$) that is \textit{subexponential} in $K_R$, for small constant cache fraction at the receivers. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first coded caching scheme with subpacketization subexponential in the number of receivers for this setting.
Utilizando o Framework Xtext na Implementação de uma Linguagem de Domínio Específico para Modelagem e Projeto de Bancos de Dados Relacionais

O desenvolvimento de uma DSL não é uma tarefa trivial, pois são linguagens de programação de domínio específico que possuem uma gramática própria. Desta forma, faz-se necessário o uso de ferramentas que suportem a definição dos conceitos inerentes a uma nova linguagem. Este trabalho apresenta o relato de experiência no desenvolvimento de uma DSL utilizando o framework Xtext. Tem como objetivo apresentar uma alternativa para a definição de uma notação textual para modelagem conceitual de bancos de dados relacionais.
Biophysical aspects of electromagnetic theory of human vision perception of light information in the visible range

Objective. To propose an electromagnetic model for human recognition of light information received by a man in the visible range of light, which allows to prove its consistency strictly and based on the calculations made, as well as models of electronic circuits illustrating how simple connections between rods and cones can ensure its implementation, and construct a hypothesis about the transmission of converted information in real-time to the central nervous system on their basis. The goal also includes proposing a hypothesis for the volumetric perception of external information by the visual analyzer and the central nervous system.Materials and methods. Mathematical modeling of data approximation in biology and medicine of numerical values of parameters according to experimental data, a set of formulas and equations that describe the properties of the object under study and allow establishing quantitative relationships between them.Results. The model developed by the authors of electromagnetic perception of electromagnetic waves of the visible spectrum by human vision based on their resonant separation and amplification allows us to propose a solution to the theory of color vision. The given speed calculations based on the saltatory conduction of information from the nerve fiber explain the human subjective feeling of light almost instantly. The hypothesis proposed by the authors of a three-dimensional perception of the external world by a person needs an in-depth mathematical justification. Therefore, we can assume that this is another step in solving the problem of human perception of light information.Conclusions. The electromagnetic theory of colour perception by the human visual analyser of light information has been constructed in contrast to the corpuscular. Calculations of the electrophysiological parameters of rhodopsin molecules included in the rods are presented, and, a model of resonant perception of electromagnetic oscillations for the visible range of light by the human eye has been developed on this basis. Calculations based on the developed model for converting information in the visible light range of the electromagnetic spectrum made it possible to more accurately determine the number of colour shades distinguishable by the human eye. A mathematical model describing the transmission of information about the spectrum and intensity of the electromagnetic signal of the visible range of the spectrum transformed by the eyes to the central nervous system has been proposed. The speed of information transmission along the optic nerve has been calculated. The hypothesis for the volumetric perception of external information by the visual analyzer and the central nervous system has been proposed. Practical application of the developed model can be devices allowing to restore vision, as well as devices for correcting vision function built on its basis.
Mixing times of Markov chains on a cycle with additional long range connections

We develop Markov chain mixing time estimates for a class of Markov chains with restricted transitions. We assume transitions may occur along a cycle of $n$ nodes and on $n^\gamma$ additional edges, where $\gamma < 1$. We find that the mixing times of reversible Markov chains properly interpolate between the mixing times of the cycle with no added edges and of the cycle with $cn$ added edges (which is in turn a Small World Network model). In the case of non-reversible Markov-chains, a considerable gap remains between lower and upper bounds, but simulations give hope to experience a significant speedup compared to the reversible case.
Size of dot product sets determined by pairs of subsets of vector spaces over finite fields

In this paper we study the cardinality of the dot product set generated by two subsets of vector spaces over finite fields. We notice that the results on the dot product problems for one set can be simply extended to two sets. Let E and F be subsets of the d-dimensional vector space F_q^d over a finite field F_q with q elements. As a new result, we prove that if E and F are subsets of the paraboloid and |E||F|\geq C q^d for some large C>1, then |\Pi(E,F)|\geq c q for some 0<c<1. In particular, we find a connection between the size of the dot product set and the number of lines through both the origin and a nonzero point in the given set E. As an application of this observation, we obtain more sharpened results on the generalized dot product set problems. The discrete Fourier analysis and geometrical observation play a crucial role in proving our results.
Ultra-Low-Supply-Voltage Analog-to-Digital Converters

Ultra-Low–Supply-Voltage Analog-to-Digital Converters Alexander Craig Petrie Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, BYU Master of Science This thesis presents techniques to implement analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) under an ultra-low-supply-voltage of 0.2 V to reduce the power consumption. The thesis proposes a dynamic bulk biasing circuit to adjust the PMOS bulk voltage to balance the NMOS and PMOS drain currents to guarantee functionality in the presence of process, voltage, and temperature variations. The dynamic bulk bias circuit is analyzed rigorously to show its functionality. This thesis also describes a new comparator suitable for a 0.2-V supply using ac-coupling, stacked input pairs, and voltage-boosted load capacitor. A 10-bit 5-kS/s successive-approximationregister (SAR) ADC in a 180-nm CMOS process with a supply voltage of 0.2 V demonstrates these ideas. The ADC exhibits a differential nonlinearity (DNL) and integral nonlinearity (INL) within +0.42/-0.45 and +0.62/-0.67 LSB, respectively. The measured SFDR and SNDR at 5 kS/s with a Nyquist-frequency input are 65.9 dB and 52.1 dB, respectively. The entire ADC and dynamic bulk biasing circuitry consume 22 nW including leakage power to yield a figure-ofmeirt (FoM) of 8.8 fJ/conv. -step. Measurements of multiple chips show the proposed dynamic bulk biasing fully recovers the ADC performance when the supply voltage is varied. The nW power consumption makes the design well suited for wireless sensor node and energy harvester applications.