Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF GENETIC ALGORITHMS ON LOADING PATTERN OPTIMIZATION OF PWRS

Genetic Algorithm (GA) based systems are used for search and optimization problems. There are several applications of GAs in literature successfully applied for loading pattern optimization problems. In this study, we have selected loading pattern optimization problem of Pressurised Water Reactor (PWR). The main objective of this work is to evaluate the performance of Genetic Algorithm operators such as regional crossover, crossover and mutation, and selection and construction of initial population and its size for PWR loading pattern optimization problems. The performance of GA with antithetic variates is compared to traditional GA. Antithetic variates are used to generate the initial population and its use with GA operators are also discussed. Finally, the results of multi-cycle optimization problems are discussed for objective function taking into account cycle burn-up and discharge burn-up.
High-Resolution UPLC-MS Profiling of Anthocyanins and Flavonols of Red Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata f. rubra DC.) Cultivated in Egypt and Evaluation of Their Biological Activity

In this paper, biological investigations and a high-resolution UPLC-PDA-ESI-qTOF-HRMS technique were employed for Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata f. rubra DC. (red cabbage) of the family Brassicaceae (Cruciferae), cultivated in Egypt, for the first time. The positive ionization mode is usually performed to identify anthocyanins. However, this technique cannot differentiate between anthocyanins and corresponding non-anthocyanin polyphenols. Thus, the negative ionization mode was also used, as it provided a series of characteristic ions for the MS analysis of anthocyanins. This helped in identifying five kaempferol derivatives for the first time in red cabbage, as well as nine—previously reported—anthocyanins. For the biological investigations, the acidified methanolic extract of fresh leaves and the methanolic extract of air-dried powdered leaves were examined for their antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities. The freshly prepared phenolic extract was proven to be more biologically potent. Statistical significance was determined for its anticancer activity in comparison with standard doxorubicin.
Potential distribution of Croton guatemalensis: a model with reproductive biology data

Background: The inclusion of information on the phenology of any given species can significantly improve the resulting of potential distribution models. Scientific literature does not provide up-to-date information on the abiotic and biotic factors that determine the distribution of Croton guatemalensis, a species native to communities in south Mexico. For the first time, the potential distribution of C. guatemalensis was determined using a model which includes reproductive biology data. Questions: Which bioclimatic and climatic variables most contribute to the distribution of C. guatemalensis? Does reproductive biology data contribute significantly to the prediction of the species distribution? Studied species/Mathematical model: Croton guatemalensis/ Maximum Entropy Modeling Study area and dates: Chiapas, Mexico, January - December 2020. Methods: The MaxEnt 4.4. 4 algorithm was used, incorporating 16 variables, including bioclimatic, climatic and elevation. In addition, a habitat suitability layer was built. Results: The model presented a precision of AUC = 0.964 ± 0.004. Eight variables contributed to explain 86.5 % of the potential distribution of the species. According to their contribution to the model, the most important were the seasonality of precipitation, habitat suitability, elevation and April solar radiation. The species was found in the physiographic regions Central America South Mountain Range Subprovince, Central Depression of Chiapas Discontinuity, and Altos de Chiapas Subprovince. Conclusions: The inclusion reproductive biology data of C. guatemalensis contributed to improve the model. This information allows the development of more effective management and conservation plans by identifying the precise regions in which the species is found.
Fatigue Cracking Mechanisms in Asphalt Pavements with Viscoelastic Continuum Damage Finite-Element Program

A study of fatigue-cracking mechanisms in asphalt pavements used the finite-element program VECD-FEP++. This program employs the viscoelastic continuum damage model for the asphalt layer and a nonlinear elastic model for unbound layers. Both bottom-up and top-down cracks are investigated by taking several important variables, such as asphalt layer thickness, layer stiffness, pressure distribution under loading, and load level applied on the pavement surface, into account. The cracking mechanisms in various pavement structures under different loading conditions are studied by monitoring a damage contour. Preferred conditions for top-down cracking were identified with the results from this parametric study. The conjoined damage contours in thicker pavements suggest that a through-the-thickness crack may develop as the bottom-up and top-down cracks propagate simultaneously and coalesce; that idea supports observations from field cores and raises the question of the validity of traditional fatigue performance models that account for the growth of the bottom-up cracking only.
A New Device for High-Speed Biaxial Tissue Testing: Application to Traumatic Rupture of the Aorta

A biaxial test device was designed to obtain the material properties of aortic tissue at rates consistent with those seen in automotive impact. Fundamental to the design are four small tissue clamps used to grasp the ends of the tissue sample. The applied load at each clamp is determined using subminiature load cells in conjunction with miniature accelerometers for inertial compensation. Four lightweight carriages serve as mounting points for each clamp. The carriages ride on linear shafts, and are equipped with low-friction bearings. Each carriage is connected to the top of a central drive disk by a rigid link. A fifth carriage, also connected to the drive disk by a rigid link, is attached at the bottom. A pneumatic cylinder attached to the lower carriage initiates rotation of the disk. This produces identical motion of the upper carriages in four directions away from the disk center. Initial slack in a low-stretch, high-strength rope that connects the cylinder to the lower carriage allows the cylinder to achieve the desired test speed before initiating motion in the carriages. Two lasers, focused on the top and bottom surfaces of the tissue samples measure sample thickness throughout a given test.
Calculation of Performance Parameters of Different SRAMs

Power consumption has become a critical and important concern in both high performance and portable applications. From last many years we are scaling down the CMOS devices to achieve the better performance in terms of speed, power dissipation, size and reliability, so the scaling of CMOS is done to attain high speed and decrease size of memory i.e. SRAM. (9) Due to scaling of device we are facing new challenges day by day like oxide thickness fluctuation, intrinsic parameter fluctuation. This paper represents the simulation of different SRAM cells and their comparative analysis on different parameters such as Power Supply Voltage, area efficiency etc. to enhance the performance.
Naming as one of the most important elements of brand management

The article examines naming as one of the key elements of brand management, its role, and its meaning. This study addresses the most pressing problems for entrepreneurs during the creation of brand names. Also, the main negative consequences of choosing the wrong name are analyzed. The article discusses the most commonly used methods of generating names, examines the history of its choice by large companies (successful and negative experience). The process of developing the name is represented. The main approaches and tools for the names forming and classification of naming are considered and analyzed. The name plays an important role in the development of the brand. Besides, it is the first thing that draws attention to the brand and one of the key factors, which customers will eventually memorize about the product.
Novel soft sensor modeling and process optimization technique for commercial petrochemical plant

Soft sensors have been widely used in industrial process control to improve the quality of product and assure safety in production in real-time basis. The core of a soft sensor is to construct a soft sensing model. This paper proposes a new soft sensing modeling method based on a recent advanced computational technique called support vector regression (SVR). The major advantage of the strategies is that soft sensor modeling can be conducted exclusively from the historic process data wherein the detailed knowledge of process phenomenology (reaction mechanism, kinetics, etc.) is not required. Ultraviolet (UV) transmittance is one of the most important quality variables of monoethylene glycol (MEG) product that has impact on the polyester product quality. UV transmittance measures the presence of undesirable compounds in MEG that absorb light in the UV region of the spectrum and indirectly measures the impurity of MEG product. Off-line laboratory method for MEG UV measurement is common practice among the manufacturer, where a sample is withdrawn several times a day from the product stream and analyzed by time-consuming laboratory analysis. In the event of a process malfunction or operating under suboptimal condition, the plant continues to produce off-specification (off-spec) product until laboratory results become available. It results in enormous financial losses for a large-scale commercial plant. In this paper, a soft sensor was developed to predict the UV transmittance on real-time basis and an online hybrid SVR-differential evolution (DE) technique was used to optimize the process parameters so that UV is maximized. This paper describes a systematic approach for the development of inferential measurements of UV transmittance using SVR analysis. After predicting the UV accurately, model inputs are optimized using DEs to maximize the UV. The optimized solutions when verified in actual commercial plant resulted in a significant improvement in the MEG quality.  2009 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A new ring type switched-capacitor DC-DC converter with low inrush current and low ripple

A new switched-capacitor(SC) DC-DC converter is presented. This converter consists of n ring-shaped capacitors connected by switches. The converter has the following features as compared with conventional SC converters: (1) since only one capacitor is charged at one time, the inrush current and the input current ripple are small; (2) the converter has a smaller number of switches; (3) all floating switches form totem-pole connections with grounded switches, thus driving them is easy; and (4) since the generation of the magnetic field is few, together with some signal processing circuits, it is possible to be implemented in one chip IC form such as a system-on-chip.
The Effects of Early Childhood Stress on Mortality under Neolithization in the Levant

This study investigates the causal relationships among early-life health conditions, mortality across the lifespan, and population growth during neolithization in the Levant. We analyze a comprehensive sample of 558 human skeletons, associated with mortuary features from 24 Levantine sites spanning the transition to agriculture, from the Early Natufian period to the Pre-Pottery Neolithic C (Southern Levant) and Pottery Neolithic periods (Northern Levant), mainly covering 13,000-6,000 BC. We find that early-life stress—as preserved in linear enamel hypoplasias (LEH) that we recorded in the study sample—not only increased dramatically in prevalence with the adoption of agriculture and village life. Early-life stress was also strongly associated with mortality in the juvenile, adolescent, and younger-adult life stages (ca . 5-29 years). This statistical link is independent of analysis of raw life-stage-at-death distributions, which may be heavily biased by ancient age or sex-skewed funerary recruitment practices. According to our results, biological well-being deteriorated with the adoption of agriculture and village life between ca. 9,000-6,000 BC. We find that the transition to agriculture raised risks for premature mortality across the Levant. We suggest that in the regional transition to agriculture, mortality and fertility rose together in a fragile dynamic, the balance of which may have shifted in the 7th millennium BC, as a rapid rise in early-life stress exposures reduced average well-being. soit entre 13000 et 6000 cal. BC. Nous constatons que le stress biologique en début de vie, identifié à travers les hypoplasies linéaires de l’émail dentaire (LEH) que nous avons enregistré sur l’ensemble du corpus, a augmenté de façon spectaculaire en termes de fréquence avec l’adoption de l’agriculture et de la vie villageoise. Nous constatons également que ces marqueurs de stress précoces sont fortement liés à la mortalité des enfants, des adolescents et des jeunes adultes (environ 5-29 ans). Cette corrélation statistique est indépendante de l’analyse des distributions par âge au décès, qui peut être fortement biaisée par le recrutement funéraire des défunts sur des critères liés à l’âge au décès et au sexe. Selon nos résultats, l’état de santé s’est détérioré avec l’adoption de l’agriculture et le développement de la vie communautaire entre 9000 et 6000 cal. BC. Nous constatons que la transition vers l’agriculture a entraîné une augmentation de la mortalité précoce dans tout le Levant. Nous suggérons que, lors de cette transition régionale vers l’agriculture, la mortalité et de la fertilité se sont développées en suivant une dynamique fragile, dont l’équilibre s’est rompu au VII e millénaire av. J.-C. avec un développement fulgurant des stress biologiques en début de vie, et une réduction de l’état sanitaire général.
An energy recovery system for a hydraulic crane

Abstract In this paper an energy recovery system for a hydraulic crane is presented. An assistant system with an accumulator is used to drive one joint of an example crane together with an electro-hydraulic load-sensing (ELS) system. The practical system is tested. The hydrostatic analysis of energy transfer is based on the experimental process and an assumed typical duty cycle. The experimental and theoretical results show that the application of the assistant system with the ELS crane system can recover and reutilize energy, save pump supply energy and improve energy utilization of the crane system. The success of its design and test in an example hydraulic crane will encourage its extension to different commercial applications in other lifting machinery.
Reliability Evaluation of CNC Machine Tools Considering Competing Failures of Fault Failure Data and Machining Accuracy Degradation Data

Traditional reliability evaluation of CNC machine tools usually considers a single failure mode of fault failure or degradation failure, or considers fault failure and degradation failure to be independent of each other. However, in the actual working conditions, fault failure and degradation failure are mutually affected, and the reliability evaluation of the competing failure models of CNC machine tools by considering the two failure modes comprehensively can get more accurate evaluation results. Therefore, this paper proposes a reliability evaluation method for CNC machine tools considering fault failure data competing with machining accuracy degradation data. A fault failure model of CNC machine tools is established based on a non-homogeneous Poisson process. The fault failure model is updated according to the different effects of each maintenance result of the failure on machining accuracy. By integrating multiple geometric errors of CNC machine tools through multi-body system theory, the amount of machining accuracy degradation is extracted. A machining accuracy degradation failure model is established using the Wiener process. Considering the correlation between fault failure and degradation failure, a competing failure model based on the Coupla function is developed for evaluating the reliability of CNC machine tools. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by example analysis.
Perspective format for a primary flight display and its effect on pilot spatial awareness

The authors describe an experimental study in progress which will evaluate pilot spatial awareness in low-visibility conditions for two basic display types: (1) a computer-generated electronic attitude director indicator (EADI) within the conventional glass cockpit flight deck, and (2) a tunnel-in-the-sky perspective display used in place of the EADI. Pilot subjects navigate curved approach trajectories during instrument flight conditions. Their main task is to look in the direction (localize) where they would expect various targets to appear. The purpose of this study is to determine whether a perspective format such as the tunnel display can provide a significant improvement in pilot spatial awareness over conventional format in primary flight displays. <<ETX>>
Indoor Radon and Annual Effective Doses at a High Altitude Region in Central Mexico

Indoor radon, at six communities located at altitudes between 2500 and 3000 m.a.s.l. in Central Mexico, has been measured in family houses and in offices and laboratories (handling no radioactive sources), from two close together buildings belonging to a nuclear facility. The radon measurements were performed with Honeywell A9000A devices. The indoor radon average value obtained in the family houses was 47±23 Bq ill -3, but, at least at one community indoor radon was fOWld higher than action levels. At the two buildings from the nuclear facility, average indoor radon had one order magnitude difference between them. Short term peaks higher than action levels were eventually observed both at family houses and laboratories, particularly at rooms having not external windows. The average effective dose due to indoor radon for the general population was 1.19 m Sv y-l and for workers, values reached up to 21 m Sv y-l. The additional dose due to working at a laboratory and living at a nearby commlUlity was estimated to be, in average, 5.16 m Sv y-l.
Exploring the Causes of Revolutions in Tunisia and Egypt

The theory put forth by fourth generation of revolutionary theorists is followed in this article to understand the causes of revolutions in Tunisia and Egypt in 2011. The study looks into the internal factors and external factors that led to the revolutions. It finds out that the cause was not one but a complex mix of various factors that had been simmering for too long under the rule of authoritarian regimes; they were neither purely economic nor political or social in character. The study tested the fourth generation of revolutionary theory. The findings show that the conceptual framework of the theory is applicable and fully explains the causes of revolutions in Tunisia and Egypt.
5G Techniques Proof-of-concept Testbed

The exponential increase of the data traffic in the next years and the limitations of the wireless spectrum shared by multiusers have challenged the design of the coming 5G radio access technology. In the last decade, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems have become one of the key technologies offering a higher spectral efficiency. Nevertheless, the advantages provided by MIMO systems come to the detriment of an increase in the cost to deploy multiple antennas and also in the receiver complexity. Thus, a pre-equalization stage called precoding is applied at the transmitter in order to improve the coverage and range of the network in fading environments. This thesis investigates performance aspects of such MIMO channel matrix precoding techniques. On the one hand, a digital communication system testbed based on USRP radio hardware is implemented by means of the software defined radio (SDR) LabVIEW. On the other hand, the effective potential of precoding techniques in boosting the network throughput is addressed in a real world scenario testbed. Our results reveal that the spatial diversity provided by multiple antennas is exploited by precoding and thus achieving higher channel capacity.
HarvardX and MITx: The First Year of Open Online Courses, Fall 2012-Summer 2013

HarvardX and MITx are collaborative institutional efforts between Harvard University and MIT to enhance campus-based education, advance educational research, and increase access to online learning opportunities worldwide. Over the year from the fall of 2012 to the summer of 2013, HarvardX and MITx launched 17 courses on edX, a jointly founded platform for delivering massive open online courses (MOOCs). In that year, 43,196 registrants earned certificates of completion. Another 35,937 registrants explored half or more of course content without certification. An additional 469,702 registrants viewed less than half of the content. And 292,852 registrants never engaged with the online content. In total, there were 841,687 registrations from 597,692 unique users across the first year of HarvardX and MITx courses. This report is a joint effort by institutional units at Harvard and MIT to describe the registrant and course data provided by edX in the context of the diverse efforts and intentions of HarvardX and MITx instructor teams.
Chemical and Biological Characteristics of Oxytropis pseudoglandulosa Plant of Mongolian Origin

Oxytropis pseudoglandulosa is used in Mongolian traditional medicine due to its numerous reported health-promoting effects. To date, there are very few scientific reports that describe this species. In this article, its volatile oil composition, lipid extract composition, total phenolic and flavonoid content, antibacterial and allergenic properties are elucidated for the first time. Hexadecanoic acid, fokienol and tricosane were determined as the most notable components of the volatile oil, at 13.13, 11.46 and 5.55%, respectively. Methyl benzoate was shown to be the most abundant component of lipid extract at 40.69, followed by (E)-prop-2-enoic acid, 3-phenyl- and benzenepropanoic acid, at 18.55 and 9.97%. With a TPC of 6.620 mg GAE g−1 and TFC of 10.316 mg QE g−1, the plant extract of O. pseudoglandulosa indicated good antioxidant activity measured by IC50 at 18.761 µg mL−1. Of the 12 tested microorganisms, B. subtilis and S. cerevisiae were the shown to be most susceptible to the plant extract, with MIC at 2.081 and 0.260% (v/v), respectively. Bet v 1—a major birch pollen allergen found in plant-based foods—was determined to be at 192.02 ng g−1 with ELISA. Such a wide spectrum of biological activity indicated by O. pseudoglandulosa lends credence for its application in food industry. Its exerted antioxidant and antimicrobial effects could improve preservation of low-processed food dedicated for consumers afflicted with allergies. Hexadecanoic acid supplemented in foods with dietary plant extracts could add to the potential anti-inflammatory impact. The analysis of lipid makeup suggests O. pseudoglandulosa extract could also be considered as natural pesticide in organic farming.