Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Rotator cuff related shoulder pain. Describing home exercise adherence and the use of behavior change interventions to promote home exercise adherence: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials

Abstract Background A home exercise program (HEP) is integral in the management of rotator cuff related shoulder pain (RCRSP). There are many methods of measuring HEP adherence and many possible interventions to promote HEP adherence. Understanding the adherence rates to HEP and the strategies used to promote HEP adherence is important in order to interpret the existing evidence for the use of HEP in the management of RCRSP. Objectives To report and synthesize home exercise adherence and strategies to promote home exercise adherence in order to understand the limitations of the current evidence base and make recommendations for clinical practice and future research investigating HEPs in the management of RCRSP. Methods An electronic search of EMBASE, MEDLINE, PubMed, CINAHL, AMED, and CENTRAL was undertaken. Methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane RoB 2.0, and BC techniques were coded in accordance with the BC technique taxonomy (version 1). Results Seventeen RCTs were retrieved. Forty-seven percent described a formal method of measuring HEP adherence and 29% described adherence rates. The included studies described between three and seventeen BC techniques and the mean number of BC techniques per study was 5.8. Twelve percent of the studies described offering patients an explanation of how the exercise program might help their symptoms resolve. Conclusions Poor reporting of adherence and the underutilisation of BC interventions to promote HEP adherence was prevalent. Recommendations for clinicians and researchers include more widespread use and definitive reporting of BC techniques to promote adherence, and the use of objective, patient self-reported, and clinician-assessed measures of adherence when prescribing HEPs.
Predictive Feedback Linearization Tracking Control for WMR Systems with Control Delay

Abstract This article addresses the control design problem for nonlinear wheeled mobile robot (WMR) tracking with a control delay. The tracking model is built by WMR dynamical equation. The state-space representations of the controlled WMR motion system and the dynamical target system are obtained by transformations. Then, the tracking error system with control delay is achieved and a feedback linearization delayed control is presented. The physical implement problem of the predictive control is solved by constructing a high-gain predictor, based on which the predicted states in feedback linearization controllers are estimated by the predictive states. The simulation results demonstrate that the physical implement problem are solved well by using high-gain predictor. The target path are successfully tracked by the designed feedback linearization controllers of state feedback and output feedback.
Research on Face Recognition Algorithm Based on Block CR

Abstract Partial absence of face information challenges the robustness of face recognition algorithms. In order to reduce the effect of partial information loss on face recognition, a Face Recognition Method based on partitioning Collaborative Representation (FRAPCR) is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the face image is divided into several sub-blocks. Secondly, the Collaborative Representation (CR) is used to calculate the minimum sparse representation coefficient of each sub-block and the residual between the sub-block and the corresponding samples of each class, taking the class corresponding to the minimum residual as the class to which the sub-block belongs. Thirdly, a voting mechanism is introduced to count the categories of all sub-blocks of each face image, and the category with the largest number of votes is the category to which the whole face image belongs. Through the experiments on face databases ORL, Extend Yale B, and AR by the proposed method (FRAPCR), the best partitioning way of the face image is obtained. When there is partial information missing (pixel information missing, corrosion block and occlusion) in the face image, the images in each face database is divided in its corresponding optimal partitioning way. And comparative experiments between the FRAPCR and traditional CR face recognition methods are performed. The results show that FRAPCR has high recognition rate and stable recognition effect when there is partial information missing in face images.
Das Bienenauge als Analysator für polarisiertes Licht

Bienen besitzen die Fähigkeit, die Polarisation des blauen Himmelslichtes für ihre Orientierung zu verwerten (v. Frisch). Es wird mit Hilfe der Belichtungspotentiale untersucht, an welcher Stelle des Auges die Analyse des polarisierten Lichtes erfolgt. Durch Drehung der Schwingungsebene des polarisierten Lichtes wird gezeigt: 1. Dem Auge als Ganzem ist kein Analysator vorgelagert. 2. Auch das Einzelommatidium besitzt keinen Analysator, der für alle seine Retinulazellen gemeinsam wäre. Polarisiertes Licht ruft höhere Ein-Effekte des Belichtungspotentials hervor, als nicht polarisiertes Licht gleicher Intensität. Als Analysatoren kommen die einzelnen Retinulazellen in Betracht. Und zwar erzeugt polarisiertes Licht in den rosettenförmig angeordneten Retinulazellen eines Ommatidiums ein von der Schwingungsrichtung des Lichtes abhängiges Muster verschiedener Helligkeiten. Das Einzelommatidium ist nur als Bildrezeptor eine physiologische Einheit.
A Novel Algorithm for Segmentation of Diseased Apple Leaf Images

---The In Agriculture Sciences, detection of diseases is one of the most challenging tasks Sometimes agricultural experts need to take help of various sources to identify the diseases of plants. The misinterpretations of plant diseases often lead to wrong decision making, resulting in damage of crops. Hence the automatic recognition of the diseases by monitoring the indications on the plant leaves makes it less complicated as well as economical. For this proper segmentation of diseased part form the leaf in an accurate way is of utmost importance. This paper presents an algorithm for the segmentation of ROI region using image processing technique in the diseased apple leaf images. In this study, two different apple diseases which appears on leaves, namely Marsonina Coronaria and Apple Scab were chosen. The proposed segmentation algorithm is implemented on the enhanced leaves images by using enhancement technique of Binary Preserving Dynamic Fuzzy Histogram Equalization. The segmentation was carried out with a proposed background removal algorithm combined with K means clustering for apple
Terpenoid Chemistry. XXVII. Further Iridoid Constituents, (1R)- and (1S)-1-Acetoxymyodesert-3-ene, from Myoporum deserti (Myoporaceae).

A further chemovariety of Myoporum deserti A. Cunn . yields an essential oil consisting predominantly of the iridoid hemiacetal esters, (+)-(1R)-and(-)-(1S)-1-acetoxymyodesert-3-ene. Hydrolysis of either ester yields (1S,2R,5R,1′ξ)-2-(1′-formylethyl)-5-methylcyclopentane-1-carbaldehyde and acetic acid or, in the presence of Brady's reagent, the bis-2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone of the 1R-epimer. The stereochemistry at C1 of the esters follows from the close correlations in 1H and 13C n.m. r . spectra and o.r. d . curves of the (-)-ester and the ether (-)-(1R)-1-methoxymyodesert-3-ene. Hydrogenation of the esters in methanol yields mainly myodesertan , (4S)- myodesertan , (1R)-1- methoxymyodesertan and (1R, 4S)-1-methoxymyodesertan and usually no acetates. Acetolysis of (1R)-1-methoxymyodesertan even under mild conditions yields (1R, 7aS)- and (1S, 7aS)-1-acetoxymyodesertan with trans rather than cis ring junctions.
Dept. for Speech, Music and Hearing Quarterly Progress and Status Report towards Production-oriented Techniques for Speech Recognition towards Production-oriented Techniques for Speech Recognition1

This thesis presents work on techniques for speech recognition that has been directed towards incorporating constraints given by the human speech production mechanism. The potential advantages of this approach are discussed. An important argument is that higher generalisation and prediction power at the production level compared to a purely spectral representation reduce the required data for training and speaker adaptation. Transformation of the speaker characteristics of a trained phone library is also easier to perform in this domain. The early papers investigate various choices of speech units, acoustic representation forms and spectral metrics. In a phoneme-based recognition system, different uses of formant frequencies, time differentiation of parameters and amplitude normalisation were compared. One paper describes a template-matching isolated-word system that performed well in an independent evaluation. A metric based on non-linear frequency warping was developed in order to enhance the sensitivity to formantfiequencies. The production-oriented approach has developed fiom template-matching systems trained by text-to-speech synthesis equipment to automatically trained phone libraries and search procedures in subphone nets in a fashion similar to hidden Markov models. Dual representation of a phone library at the production as well as the spectral level combines the advantages of a production-oriented approach with the robustness of spectral matching. A technique for transforming the statistical distribution at the production level into the spectral domain is presented. Some aspects of speech variability are simple and straightforward at the articulatory level, but generate a complex distribution pattern in the speech signal. One example is the influence of timing asynchrony between overlapping articulatory gestures. This effect is described and a suggestion for how to handle it is given in one of the reports. The sensitivity to voice source variation has been exemplzfied and an algorithm for dynamic adaptation to its fluctuations in time is developed. It is shown to reduce the sensitivity to different voices and to increase the robustness of a system substantially. In a connected-digit experiment, multi-speaker training resulted in 99.1 % correct digits for male speakers. One advantage of a production-oriented representation is illustrated in the last paper. A simple male-to-female transformation of a phone library was performed by linear scaling of vowel formants and voice quality. The digit recognition rate for six new female speakers rose fiom 88.9% to 96.3% when using the transformed library. Many potential benefits of the production approach are still utilised only to a small degree. These will be investigated in …
Retention and caries preventive effect of GC fuji VII sealant on the first permanent molars among high-risk residential school children - A three year follow up study

Objective: The objective of the study is to seal the permanent first molars in high-risk children aged 7–8 years with GC Fuji VII and evaluate its retention and caries preventive effect over 3 years. Methodology: The present study was a longitudinal, randomized, interventional trial with a sealant and control group. 538 residential schoolchildren with high caries risk received sealants. 495 day scholars did not receive sealant formed the control group. Children of both the groups were evaluated annually for sealant retention and development of caries for 3 years. Independent sample t-test and Chi-square test were used to compare the sealant retention and caries incidence rates. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and log-rank test were performed to compare the cumulative molar survival and sealant retention rates over 3 years. Results: Comparison of baseline oral health characteristics between sealant and control group revealed no statistically significant variation (P > 0.05). At the end of 3 years, total retention was 43.4% (n = 178), 45.9% (n = 188), 44.9% (n = 184), and 44.4% (n = 182), respectively. Cumulative mean incidence of dental caries at the end of 3 years showed statistically significant higher caries incidence among control 2.15 ± 3.33 as compared to sealant 0.25 ± 0.85 with mean difference of 1.90 (P = 0.001). Conclusion: School-based sealant program targeting low socioeconomic, high caries risk population can form comprehensive approach for caries-free generation. GC Fuji VII may be a better choice for preventing dental caries in school-based sealant program.
Descriptivity of Graphic Verbs in Seychellois Creole

Human vision of the world is reflected in the way natural facts and phenomena are categorized and nominated in language. As Jackendoff (2002) writes, ‘we must consider the domain of linguistic semantics to be continuous with human conceptualization as a whole’ (p.293). In other words, studying the meaning of words in different languages facilitates better understanding of human cognitive processes in general.
Pattern Driven Stress Localization in Thin Diblock Copolymer Films

When an elastic plate is fixed to a soft substrate and compressed, it accommodates applied strain by buckling and forming a sinusoidally wrinkled topography. At large strains, the regular wrinkled pattern is replaced by sharp, localized folds. Such folds are ubiquitous in biology; however, strains are not necessarily large in all cases, suggesting that a different mechanism may contribute to the formation of folds. In this work, we use thin films of a symmetric diblock copolymer coupled to thick elastomer substrates to explore the progression from isotropic wrinkles to localized folds in films with secondary structure. The block copolymer molecules organize into lamellae parallel to the elastomer substrate, and the balance of film thickness, lamellar dimensions, and elasticity dictate the development of topographic structures in a systematic manner. This “self-assembled” topography in the bounding film leads to stress localization when the pattern has a lateral spacing of the same order as the wrinkling w.
Treatment of Wastewater with a Low Concentration of Organics Using an Anaerobic Fluidized Bed Reactor

In this work performed in the Laboratory of Sanitation of Sao Carlos Engineering School- University of Sao Paulo, the results obtained from the operation of a laboratory scale anaerobic fluidized bed reactor are presented for the treatment of a synthetic wastewater with a mean COD of 557 and 700 mg/l during the two phases in which the reactor was studied. In the first phase (Phase A) the mean hydraulic residence time (! [Graphic][1] ) was maintained at 1.0 h and in the second phase (Phase B), 1.5 h. The duration of each phase, counted from the initial startup period, was 197 days and 108 days, respectively. The reactor was constructed using an acrylic tube of 1.50 m height and a total volume of 10.5 1. The support material consisted of sand with the grains retained between sieves with openings of 0.210 mm and 0.149 mm. The total height of the fluidized bed was maintained at 1.40 m throughout the experiment. The reactor was operated at ambient temperature (13°C to 31°C), and was fed with synthetic wastewater composed mainly of bovine liver extract, glucose, sodium bicarbonate and ammonium acetate. The results of physical and chemical analyses: pH, alkalinity, temperature, volatile acids, COD, nitrogen and phosphorus are presented. An evaluation was also made during the experiment of the thickness of the biofilm gathered on the sand grains collected over the whole height of the reactor. The mean efficiency of COD removal attained was 62% for the first phase and 71% for the second phase. [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif
Influence of Fluoride on Remineralization Via the Polymer-Induced Liquid-Precursor Process on Dentine Hardness

Polymer-induced liquid-precursor (PILP) process used polyaspartic acid as an analog noncollagenous protein to prevent spontaneous nucleation of calcium and phosphate before entering the intrafibrillar compartment. Fluoride was added for the formation of fluorapatite crystals. Objective of this study is determining the effect on dentinal hardness when fluoride is added in the PILP process. Twenty-four dentin blocks were divided into four groups. Group I (normal dentin) was the control, Group II comprised demineralized dentin stored in PILP remineralization solution, Group III comprised demineralized dentin stored in remineralized PILP solution with 5 ppm fluoride, Group IV comprised demineralized dentin stored in remineralized PILP solution with 25 ppm fluoride. All samples were stored in an incubator with continuous shaking at 37 °C for 14 days. A Vickers hardness test was performed to measure dentin hardness along with an X-ray diffraction (XRD) test to determine the percentage of hydroxyapatite and fluorapatite crystals. There are significant differences between the hardness values of dentin after storage in PILP solution, PILP solution with 5 ppm fluoride, and with 25 ppm fluoride. The conclusion is remineralization via PILP process with the addition of 5 ppm fluoride and 25 ppm fluoride yields higher dentinal hardness value than without fluoride. Experimental article (J Int Dent Med Res 2021; 14(2): 585-590)
An Information Representation for Concept Formation

: We propose an information representation called associations for concept formation. We set a hypothesis that linking information without defining the semantics using associations is effective to deal with a large amount of diverse information. In our approach, we gather raw information from heterogeneous information sources using associations and gradually form concepts through collaborations between humans and computers. To endorse the claim, we implemented a system called CoMeMo which helps people to construct and share memory in a group or in a community. We report two test cases: (1) integration of creative thinking and information retrieval and (2) ontology development from WWW pages. We show experimental results and make discussion.
AGRICULTURAL CRISIS AND FARMERS SUICIDES

Agriculture sector plays an essential role in the process of economic development. Agriculture sector in India accounts for 15.9 percent of GDP and provides employment to around 49 percent of the population. The agriculture sector is a leading sector that needs a relook and reinvention. It is the time that India marches towards a 'millennium agricultural transformation' advancing from traditional agricultural system (labour intensive) to contemporary agribusiness system (capital & technology intensive). Seventy percent of the farmers in India are small and marginal. They are forced to borrow money not only for agriculture purposes but also for day to day requirements. The amount so borrowed has not been utilized for the purchase of new technological equipments or for asset building which could have generated incremental income. Due to this, these farmers can’t repay the loans in time and farmers' indebtedness grows. Political parties used agriculture loan waiver as a political strategy. There was no evidence of investment and productivity of loan waiver beneficiaries because institutional credit facilities were not available to them. Hence, farmers have to depend on non-institutional credit. Thus, due to such credit, farmers become debt trapped and driven to poverty. There is no way to come out from debt because poverty had deeply affected the families of small and marginal farmers which results in farmers' suicides. They saw no future for their children, except to be born into debt and die in greater debt. Attempt has been made in the study to analyze the causes of agricultural crisis and farmers suicides.
Design of Environmental Perception System Based on Edge Computing

For the characteristics of marginal environment such as battlefields which environment is very difficult to measure, environmental perception has difficulty, resources are scarce, communication conditions are inferior and energy issues are highlighting. Depending on the issue that current architecture cannot process data in real time the edge calculation technique is proposed and aims to address the shortcomings of cloud computing in processing data that cannot be remedied. According to the EdgeX open source framework, an edge computing platform is designed in this paper. And realizes the three-layer network structure of “terminal edge-cloud” or “terminal-intelligent gateway-edge cloud-cloud”. According to the design idea of loose coupling, the edge computing platform realizes the loose coupling between microservices and the separation of management and service. A resource scheduling strategy based on depth Q-learning is used to realize adaptive scheduling, which can effectively deal with the fluctuation of load demand and maximize the utilization of resources.
Low-Dimensional Individualized Continuous-Task Joint Kinematic Modelling

Wearable robots have a great potential to assist their human users in every day locomotion tasks by using predictive models to track and assist their behaviors [2], [4]. Models that predict joint kinematics for the average person as a function of gait phase or stride completion variables are especially useful in this context. Recent models have introduced task variables that model the alterations these kinematics undergo in varying inclines and speeds [1]. However, it has been noted that the biggest source of error in the modelling of joint kinematics is the individuality between people [1]. In this work we approach the problem of modelling the individuality of multi-task gait models using a principle component analysis.
The biogeochemistry of Sphagnum mosses - the effects of substrate source on their phenolic composition.

Several species of peat moss and vascular plants were collected from field incubation litterbag experiments set up in a peatland located in the boreonemoral zone of central Sweden. These were then analysed using THM in the presence of TMAH which revealed the distributions of both ligninand Sphagnum-derived phenols within specific species. THM of seven species of Sphagnum indicated the presence of four Sphagnum-specific biomarkers; methylated 4-isopropenylphenol, methylated cis and trans 3-(4’hydroxyphen-1-yl)-but-2-enoic acid, and methylated 3-(4’-hydroxyphen-1-yl)-but-3-enoic acid.
Symbolic and Numeric Kernel Division for Graphics Processing Unit-Based Finite Element Analysis Assembly of Regular Meshes With Modified Sparse Storage Formats

This paper presents an efficient strategy to perform the assembly stage of finite element analysis (FEA) on general purpose graphics processing units (GPUs). This strategy involves dividing the assembly task using symbolic and numeric kernels, and thereby reducing the complexity of the standard single-kernel assembly approach. Two sparse storage formats based on the proposed strategy are also developed by modifying the existing sparse storage formats with the intention of removing the degrees-of-freedom-based redundancies in the global matrix. The inherent problem of race condition is resolved through the implementation of coloring and atomics. The proposed strategy is compared with the state-of-the-art GPU-based and central processing unit (CPU)-based assembly techniques. These comparisons reveal a significant number of benefits in terms of reducing storage space requirements and execution time and increasing performance (GFLOPS). Moreover, using the proposed strategy, it is found that the coloring method is more effective compared to the atomics-based method for the existing as well as the modified storage formats.