Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Good Scientific Practice and Ethics in Sports and Exercise Science: A Brief and Comprehensive Hands-on Appraisal for Sports Research

Sports and exercise training research is constantly evolving to maintain, improve, or regain psychophysical, social, and emotional performance. Exercise training research requires a balance between the benefits and the potential risks. There is an inherent risk of scientific misconduct and adverse events in most sports; however, there is a need to minimize it. We aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the clinical and ethical challenges in sports and exercise research. We also enlist solutions to improve method design in clinical trials and provide checklists to minimize the chances of scientific misconduct. At the outset, historical milestones of exercise science literature are summarized. It is followed by details about the currently available regulations that help to reduce the risk of violating good scientific practices. We also outline the unique characteristics of sports-related research with a narrative of the major differences between sports and drug-based trials. An emphasis is then placed on the importance of well-designed studies to improve the interpretability of results and generalizability of the findings. This review finally suggests that sports researchers should comply with the available guidelines to improve the planning and conduct of future research thereby reducing the risk of harm to research participants. The authors suggest creating an oath to prevent malpractice, thereby improving the knowledge standards in sports research. This will also aid in deriving more meaningful implications for future research based on high-quality, ethically sound evidence.
Buyer-supplier relationship management in the construction industry

The aim of this PhD research is to gain insight into ways in which contractors could improve the management of, and the collaboration with, suppliers in order to increase their competitiveness. To achieve this aim, four research phases are conducted. Firstly, the current status of supplier-contractor research in the construction industry is explored. Secondly, the current status of buyer-supplier relationship management within the Dutch construction industry is assessed in order to shed light on obstacles to, and opportunities for, increasing the effectiveness of construction firms in managing buyer-supplier relationships. Thirdly, a quick scan purchasing maturity tool is developed and tested through applying a design science research method. Finally, the suppliers’ perspective is considered in order to gain further insight into ways in which contractors could improve the management of, and the collaboration with, suppliers.
222–282 nm AlGaN and InAlGaN‐based deep‐UV LEDs fabricated on high‐quality AlN on sapphire

We demonstrate 222–282 nm AlGaN and InAlGaN‐based deep ultraviolet (DUV) light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) fabricated on low threading dislocation density (TDD) AlN template. Low TDD AlN templates were realized by using ammonia (NH3) pulse‐flow multilayer (ML) growth technique. The edge‐ and screw‐type dislocation densities of AlN layer were reduced to 7.5 × 108 and 3.8 × 107, respectively. Single‐peaked electroluminescence (EL) were obtained for 222– 273 nm AlGaN multi quantum well (MQW) DUV‐LEDs. We obtained the maximum output power of 1.1 mW and 4.0 mW for the AlGaN‐QW LEDs with wavelengths of 241 nm, 256 nm, respectively, under room temperature (RT) CW operations. The maximum output power of 227 nm and 222 nm AlGaN‐QW were 0.15 mW and 0.014 mW, respectively, under RT pulsed operation. The maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of the 227 nm and 250 nm AlGaN LEDs were 0.2% and 0.43%, respectively. We also fabricated 280 nm band quaternary InAlGaN‐MQW DUV‐LEDs with n‐type and p‐type InAlGaN layers on ML‐AlN templates. We demonstrated extremely high internal quantum efficiency (IQE) of 284 nm InAlGaN‐QW emission, which was confirmed by the fact that the ratio of the integrated intensity of the RT‐PL against the 77 K‐PL was 86%. The maximum output power and EQE of the 282 nm InAlGaN LED were 10.6 mW and 1.2%, respectively, under RT CW operation. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Wideband and Dual-Polarized Crossed Dipole Antenna Design Using Substrate-Integrated Coax

A wideband and dual-polarized dipole antenna design technique is presented. The proposed antenna employs two sets of dipole elements in orthogonal configuration and separated by a dielectric layer. The dipole elements are excited with two separate substrate-integrated-coaxial feeds to achieve high port-to-port isolation and the overall antenna stackup is enclosed in a substrate-integrated-waveguide (SIW) cavity. To validate the proposed substrate-integrated-coaxial fed dual-polarized antenna design method, a prototype antenna was fabricated using standard multi-layer printed circuit board (PCB) manufacturing technologies to operate in the Ku-band. Measured and simulated results exhibit that the designed antenna has a wide impedance bandwidth of less than -10dB reflection coefficients at 10.28-14.8GHz and the port-to-port isolation between the two orthogonally polarized dipole antenna ports is greater than 20dB at most frequencies, making it suitable for many applications such as satellite communications. The antenna has a relatively stable gain pattern with a gain value of 5.5-6.5dBi and a low cross-polarization level (lower than 16dB) over the operating frequency range.
Flow structure produced by the interaction and merger of a pair of co-rotating wing-tip vortices

Experiments have been performed to study the co-rotating wing-tip vortex pair produced by a pair of rectangular wings in a split-wing configuration. Detailed measurements made in cross-sections upstream and downstream of merger reveal, for the first time, the complex turbulence structure of this flow. The vortices spiral around each other and merge some 20 chordlengths downstream of the wings. As merger is approached the vortices lose their axisymmetry – their cores develop lopsided tangential velocity fields and the mean vorticity field is convected into filaments. The cores also become part of a single turbulence structure dominated by a braid of high turbulence levels that links them together. The braid, which quite closely resembles the structure formed between adjacent spanwise eddies of transitional mixing layers, grows in intensity with downstream distance and extends into the vortex cores. Unlike a single tip vortex, the unmerged cores appear turbulent. The merging of the vortices wraps the cores and the flow structure that surrounds them into a large turbulent region with an intricate double spiral structure. This structure then relaxes to a closely axisymmetric state. The merged core appears stable and develops a structure similar to the laminar core of a vortex shed from a single wing. However, the turbulent region formed around the vortex core during the merger process is much larger and more axisymmetric than that found around a single wing-tip vortex.
Applying Gamification Technique and Virtual Reality for Prehistoric Learning toward the Metaverse

Technological development provides many benefits in learning process, such as the development of the learning method, media, strategy, and design. Based on the observation had been done at History department, UNDIKSHA showed that the students had problems in learning process especially in Indonesian Prehistory Course. The lecturer still focused on teacher-centered method and book only without using technological development. That is why, students’ interest, motivation, and understanding towards the learning process could be categorized as low. This research aimed to describe the implementation of gamification technique and virtual reality in developing an educational game to help students in recognizing the prehistoric objects, increasing the students’ motivation and activeness, and giving immersive experience learning toward the metaverse. This research used ADDIE Model method and was analyzed by using descriptive quantitative and qualitative. The subjects were 20 students of the History department at UNDIKSHA. The result showed that the average response of the 20 users was 91.81% which could be categorized as very positive. The effect score was 0.80 which could be categorized as very effective. It was counted by using N-Gain Score. So, gamification based on virtual reality could increase the students’ activeness, interest, motivation, and understanding toward the prehistoric objects.
Unpacking the Potential Influence of Life Satisfaction on Network Heterogeneity, Emotional Exhaustion and Mobile App Fatigue: A Stressor–Strain–Outcome Approach

The ramifications of mobile apps’ detrimental aspect on users’ life satisfaction have garnered increased attention from academics. To probe the underlying association between life satisfaction and mobile app fatigue, this article builds a research model based on a stressor–strain–outcome approach. In addition, the study investigates the relationships between different dimensions of network heterogeneity, emotional exhaustion, and mobile app fatigue among users. Furthermore, the study uncovers the moderating influence of upward comparison, self-presentation, and privacy invasion on the association between life satisfaction and emotional exhaustion in the mobile app context. The study collected data in mainland China using a cross-sectional approach and analyzed the data using structural equation modeling. The findings demonstrate that life satisfaction is positively associated with self-presentation and negatively associated with upward comparison. Moreover, privacy invasion and upward comparison are positively correlated with emotional exhaustion, whilst self-presentation exerts no correlation with emotional exhaustion. Furthermore, upward comparison could mediate the association between life satisfaction and emotional exhaustion. The results provide fresh light on the mechanisms through which the life satisfaction of mobile app users and network heterogeneity might lead to emotional exhaustion and mobile app fatigue, highlighting important theoretical and practical implications.
Confined Excitons in GaN–AlGaN Quantum Wells

We calculate the original properties of excitons in GaN–AlGaN quantum wells by a variational approach in the envelope function formalism. The separation of electrons and holes by huge internal electric fields induces an enhanced dependence of exciton binding energy and oscillator strength on the well width. We demonstrate the necessity to perform excitonic calculations for obtaining, in particular, reliable values of oscillator strengths (thus radiative lifetimes), which are extremely sensitive to the well width.
THE LUMINOUS BLUE VARIABLES: ASTROPHYSICAL GEYSERS

Some of the most luminous stars have sporadic, violent mass-loss events whose cuases are not understood. These evolved hot stars are called Luminous Blue Variables (LBV's), and their instability may shape the appearance of the upper HR diagram. LBV eruptions are interestingly reminiscent of geysers, or even volcanos. They have received considerable observational attention since 1980, but theoretical work to explain the instability has been scarce. In a typical LBV eruption, the star's photosphere expands and the apparent temperature decreases to near 8000 K. During these normal eruptions the bolometric luminosity remains constant, as typified by S Dor, AG Car and R127. A few LBV's, specifically eta Car, P Cyg, V12 in NGC 2403 and SN1961V, have giant eruptions in which the total luminosity actually increases by more than one or two magnitudes. The star may expel as much as a solar mass or more with a total luminous output rivalling a supernova. The classical LBV's have luminosities greater than MBol approaching -9.6 mag, suggesting initial mass greater than 50 Solar Mass. These stars have very lkikely not been red supergiants as there are no evolved cool stars of comparable luminosity. Their instaibility may prevent their evolution to the red supergiant region. There is also a group of less luminous LBV's (MBol approaching -8 to -9 mag) with low temperatuers, smaller amplitudes and lower mass loss rates. These stars have probably been red supergiants and have shed a lot of mass prior to their current unstable state. Although the physical cuase of the LBV instability is not yet understood, the most likely mechanism involve radiation pressure (the opacity-modified Eddington limit) or dynamical instabilities in the outer layers as the star evolves off the main sequence. In this review, we summarize the physical characteristics and behavior of LBV's, and discuss their brief but critical role in massive star evolution, and possible mechanisms for their remarkable instability.
Reciprocal interactions of hairpin-shaped vortices and a boundary layer

The present effort simulates the flow dynamics resulting from hairpin-shaped vortices in a boundary layer through the solution of the time-dependent, three-dimensional, compressible Navier-Stokes equations. Two simulations have been carried out. In the first case, the initial condition contains only one imposed hairpin-shaped vortex. In the second, there are two incipient vortices separated by a short distance in the streamwise direction. The results add to the detailed understanding of the dynamic role of hairpin vortices in the entrainment, production and continual replenishment of wall turbulence as well as the process of the interaction, intertwining, and eventual conglomeration of vortices in boundary layers.
Hysteresis characteristics computation on PWM fed synchronous reluctance motor using coupled FEM and Preisach modeling

This paper deals with the hysteresis characteristics analysis in PWM fed synchronous reluctance motor (SynRM) using a coupled finite element method (FEM) and Preisach's modeling, which is presented to analyze the characteristics under the effect of saturation and hysteresis loss. TMS320C31 DSP installed experimental devices are equipped for the propriety of the proposed method of analysis, and then, both computer simulation and experimental results for the i-/spl lambda/ loci show the propriety of the method proposed. The characteristic analysis is performed with relation to the maximum efficiency condition for a SynRM in simulation and experiment.
Restoring Degraded Astronomy Images using a Combination of Denoising and Deblurring Techniques

The aim of image restoration is to restore the image affected by degradations to the most desired form. It comprises a set of techniques applied to the degraded image to remove or reduce the cause of degradations. This study focuses on Astronomy images. Astronomy images suffer from mainly two types of degradations: atmospheric turbulence blur and additive white Gaussian noise. This study presents a new method to restore astronomy images by proposing a hybrid method that combines three techniques to restore a degraded image. The first technique is phase preserving algorithm used for the denoising operation. Then a normalization operation is employed to provide the image its natural grayscale intensity. After that Richardson Lucy deblurring algorithm is used to deblur the image depending on the Point Spreading Function (PSF) determined earlier. When the deblurring process is completed, the anticipated image will be in the most desirable form.
THE EFFECT OF AIR QUALITY ON SLEEP AND COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE IN SCHOOL CHILDREN AGED 10–12 YEARS: A DOUBLE-BLINDED, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED, CROSSOVER TRIAL

Objectives: To investigate the effect of CO2 during sleep on next-morning cognitive performance in young schoolchildren, the authors performed a double-blind fully balanced crossover placebo-controlled study. Material and Methods: The authors included 36 children aged 10–12 years in the climate chamber. The children slept at 21°C in 6 groups each at 3 different conditions separated by 7 days in a random order. Conditions were as follows: high ventilation with CO2 at 700 ppm, high ventilation with added pure CO2 at 2000–3000 ppm, and reduced ventilation with CO2 at 2–3000 ppm and bioeffluents. Children were subjected to a digital cognitive test battery (CANTAB) in the evening prior to sleep and on the next morning after breakfast. Sleep quality was monitored with wrist actigraphs. Results: There were no significant exposure effects on cognitive performance. Sleep efficiency was significantly lower at high ventilation with CO2 at 700 ppm which is considered to be a chance effect. No other effects were seen, and no relation between air quality during sleep and next-morning cognitive performance was observed in the children emitting an estimated 10 lCO2/h per child. Conclusions: No effect of CO2 during sleep was found on next day cognition. The children were awakened in the morning, and spent from 45–70 min in well-ventilated rooms before they were tested. Hence, it cannot be precluded that the children have benefitted from the good indoor air quality conditions before and during the testing period. The slightly better sleep efficiency during high CO2 concentrations might be a chance finding. Hence, replication is needed in actual bedrooms controlling for other external factors before any generalizations can be made.
Fuzzy Numbers in Cost Range Estimating

Range estimating is a simple form of simulating a project estimate by breaking the project into work packages and approximating the variables in each package using statistical distributions. This paper explores an alternate approach to range estimating that is grounded in fuzzy set theory. The approach addresses two shortcomings of Monte Carlo simulation. The first is related to the analytical difficulty associated with fitting statistical distributions to subjective data, and the second relates to the required number of simulation runs to establish a meaningful estimate of a given parameter at the end of the simulation. For applications in cost estimating, the paper demonstrates that comparable results to Monte Carlo simulation can be achieved using the fuzzy set theory approach. It presents a methodology for extracting fuzzy numbers from experts and processing the information in fuzzy range estimating analysis. It is of relevance to industry and practitioners as it provides an approach to range estimating that more closely resembles the way in which experts express themselves, making it practically easy to apply an approach.
Effort-based decision making in schizotypy and its relationship with amotivation and psychosocial functioning

Introduction Suboptimal effort-based decision-making with reduced willingness to expend effort for high-probability/high-value reward is observed in schizophrenia patients and is related to diminished motivation, but is understudied in schizotypy. This study aimed to examine effort-allocation in schizotypy individuals and its association with amotivation and psychosocial functioning. Methods We recruited 40 schizotypy individuals and 40 demographically-matched healthy controls, based on Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire-Brief (SPQ-B) score (top and bottom 10% SPQ-B scores, respectively), from 2400 young people aged 15-24 years participating a population-based mental health survey in Hong Kong and examined effort-allocation using the Effort Expenditure for Reward Task (EEfRT). Negative / amotivation symptoms and psychosocial functioning were assessed by the Brief Negative Symptom Scale (BNSS) and the Social Functioning and Occupational Assessment Scale (SOFAS), respectively. Schizotypy individuals were categorized into high-amotivation and low-amotivation groups based on a median-split of BNSS amotivation domain score. Results Our results showed no main group effect (in either two or three-group comparison) on effort task performance. Three-group comparison analyses on selected EEfRT performance indices revealed that high-amotivation schizotypy individuals displayed significantly less increase in effortful options from low-value to high-value reward (reward-difference score) and from low-probability/low-value to high-probability/high-value reward (probability/reward-difference score) than low-amotivation individuals and controls. Correlation analyses demonstrated trend-wise significance between BNSS amotivation domain score and several EEfRT performance indices in schizotypy group. Schizotypy individuals with poorer psychosocial functioning tended to exhibit smaller probability/reward-difference score relative to other two groups. Discussion Our findings indicate subtle effort-allocation abnormalities in schizotypy individuals with high levels of diminished motivation, and suggest the link between laboratory-based effort-cost measures and real-world functional outcome.
Investigation of Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Sorbaria pallasii (Rosaceae) Microshoots Grown In Vitro

Sorbaria pallasii is an endemic species of the Far East and Siberia and grows along the Goltsy altitudinal belt. Data on micropropagation and phytochemical characteristics of this plant are not available, probably because of the inaccessibility of the plant material. Morphogenesis initiation from flower buds of S. pallasii in vitro and micropropagation were performed here in the Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 5.0 µM 6-benzylaminopurine and 0.0–1.0 µM α-naphthylacetic acid; elongation was implemented in the same medium without the hormones. A well-growing sterile culture of S. pallasii was obtained; the number of microshoots per explant reached 5.7 ± 1.2. Phytochemical analyses of in vitro propagated S. pallasii detected 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity in a water-ethanol extract from its microshoots and revealed phenolic compounds in it. The phenolic compounds that likely contribute to its biological activity are tannins (74.9 mg/g), phenolcarboxylic acids (30.8 mg/g), and catechins (13.3 mg/g). In the microshoot extract, high-performance liquid chromatography identified three catechins. Microshoots showed the highest concentration of (±)-catechin (3.03 mg/(g of absolutely dry mass; ADM)). Concentrations of epigallocatechin gallate (0.38 mg/(g of ADM)) and (−)-epicatechin (0.55 mg/(g of ADM)) were significantly lower. This study paves the way for further biotechnological and phytochemical research on S. pallasii.
Low-threshold lasing and Purcell effect in microdisk lasers at room temperature

In this paper, we discuss the Purcell effect, which enhances the spontaneous emission rate, in microdisk lasers operating at room temperature by continuous wave photopumping. We theoretically analyzed the Purcell effect at room temperature by using the four-level rate equations that include the intraband relaxation and the nonradiative effect. We also fabricated 1.55-/spl mu/m GaInAsP microdisk lasers with a minimum diameter of 1.7 /spl mu/m and a minimum threshold power of 19 /spl mu/W. Then, we measured the carrier lifetime in a 2.6-/spl mu/m-diameter device by the phase-resolved spectroscopy method, and confirmed that the carrier lifetime was shortened to 1/10 of that in the as-grown epitaxial wafer at a low pump level. From the comparison between the theory and the experiment, we estimated the Purcell factor to be 6.7, the spontaneous emission factor to be 0.11, and the nonradiative lifetime to be 4 ns. The nonradiative lifetime was consistent with that estimated by another methods. We believe that this is the first demonstration of the Purcell effect in semiconductor microcavities at room temperature.