Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, characterization and docking studies of benzenesulfonamide derivatives containing 1,2,3-triazole as potential ınhibitor of carbonic anhydrase I-II enzymes

Abstract Carbonic Anhydrases (CAs) are an important family of metalloenzymes that contain zinc (Zn2+) ions in their active site and catalyze the conversion of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate and proton and found in all living organisms. Sulfonamides are well-known inhibitors of CAs isoenzymes. In this study, a series of benzenesulfonamide derivatives (9a–h) containing 1,2,3-triazole-moiety were designed, synthesized and their structures were characterized by spectroscopic methods. In addition, molecular structures of compounds 5a, 5 b, 9e and 9f were elucidated by X-ray diffraction technique. To investigate drug similarity of 9a–h compounds, Lipinski’s five rules (ADMET: absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity) were carried out by in silico studies. According to results, the compounds showed drug-like properties. Docking studies were applied to determine the scores, interactions and binding modes of compounds 9a–h against hCA I and hCA II enzymes. Compound 9c (-5.13 kcal/mol docking score) against hCA I enzyme and 9 h (-5.32 kcal/mol docking score) against hCA II enzyme showed potent inhibitory properties. The binding interactions of the compounds with the carbonic anhydrases were examined by docking studies. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Flow separation at convex banks in open channels

Laboratory experiments in an open channel bend provide insight into the physics of convex bank flow separation occurring in a variety of channel configurations, including confluences and bifurcations. The edge of the zone of flow separation is characterized by a shear layer, enhanced velocity gradients, tke, turbulent shear stresses and reversal of the streamwise vorticity and vertical velocity. The latter result from turbulence-induced secondary flow near the convex bank. When bankline curvature abruptly increases, flow tends to move away from the convex bank along a straight path, as represented by the inertial forces – including the centrifugal force – in the transverse momentum equation written in curvilinear coordinates. Mass accumulation at the opposite bank leads to a transverse tilting of the water surface, and a pressure gradient towards the convex bank that causes the flow to change direction. The pressure gradient force lags spatially behind the inertial forces, which promotes flow separation. Flow separation typically occurs downstream of the location of maximum change in the bankline curvature, because an abrupt increase in bankline curvature also leads to water surface gradients that cause local flow redistribution towards the convex bank that opposes flow separation. The zone of convex bank flow separation is shaped by the secondary flow induced by streamline curvature and turbulence. The latter is conditioned by the production rate of tke, which crucially depends on the accurate description of the Reynolds stresses. Hydrodynamic, geometric and sedimentologic control parameters of convex bank flow separation are identified and discussed.
Carbon Nanostructures as Therapeutic Cargoes: Recent Developments and Challenges

Recent developments in nanotechnology and process chemistry have expanded the scope of nanostructures to the biomedical field. The ability of nanostructures to precisely deliver drugs to the target site not only reduces the amount of drug needed but also reduces systemic adverse effects. Carbon nanostructures gained traction in pharmaceutical technology in the last decade due to their high stability, ease of synthesis, tunable surface chemistry, and biocompatibility. Fullerene, nanotubes, nanodiamonds, nanodots, and nanoribbons are among the major carbon nanostructures that have been extensively studied for applications in tissue engineering, biosensing, bioimaging, theranostics, drug delivery, and gene therapy. Due to the fluorescent properties of functionalized nanostructures, they have been extensively studied for use as probes in cellular imaging. Moreover, these nanostructures are promising candidates for delivering drugs to the brain, bones, and deep-seated tumors. Still, research gaps need to be addressed regarding the toxicity of these materials in animals as well as humans. This review highlights the physicochemical properties of carbon nanostructures and their categories, methods of synthesis, various techniques for surface functionalization, major biomedical applications, mechanisms involving the cellular uptake of nanostructures, pharmacokinetic considerations, recent patents involving carbon-based nanostructures in the biomedical field, major challenges, and future perspectives.
Study on the Influence of Negative Anthropomorphic Image on Green Consumption Intention

: In order to investigate the relationship between negative anthropomorphic image and green consumption intention, constructs a theoretical model between negative anthropomorphic images, perceived threat and green consumption intention, uses a questionnaire research method, and analyzes the results using structural equation modeling. The results show that negative anthropomorphic images negatively affect consumers' green consumption intention; negative anthropomorphic images positively affect perceived threat, perceived threat positively affects consumers' consumption intention, and perceived threat plays a mediating role in the influence of negative anthropomorphic images on green consumption intention.
Measures of auditory‐visual integration

The easiest and most effective way to improve speech recognition for hearing‐impaired individuals, or for normal‐hearing individuals listening in noisy or reverberant environments, is to have them watch the talker’s face. Auditory‐visual (AV) speech recognition has been shown consistently to be better than either hearing alone or speechreading alone for all but the most profoundly hearing‐impaired individuals. When AV recognition is less than perfect, several factors need to be considered. The most obvious of these are poor auditory (A) and poor visual (V) speech recognition skills. However, even when differences in unimodal skill levels are taken into account, differences among individual AV recognition scores persist. At least part of these individual differences may be attributable to differing abilities to integrate A and V cues. Unfortunately, there is no widely accepted measure of AV integration ability. Recent models of AV integration offer a quantitative means for estimating individual integration.
Postlandfall Tropical Cyclone Reintensification in a Weakly Baroclinic Environment: A Case Study of Hurricane David (September 1979)

Abstract An analysis is conducted from a potential vorticity (PV) perspective of the reintensification of Tropical Storm David over the northeastern United States in September 1979. David, a major long-lived hurricane, originated near the Cape Verde Islands in late August 1979. It made final landfall in Georgia on 4 September 1979 and weakened rapidly thereafter. The noteworthy aspect of David was its subsequent reintensification approximately 27 h after landfall as a warm-core disturbance in a weakly baroclinic environment. In this regard the redevelopment of David is unlike the classical extratropical transformation of a tropical storm in a strongly baroclinic environment that has been documented in the literature. The authors' analysis of the evolution of the dynamical tropopause subsequent to storm landfall revealed that David reintensified in response to “tropopause lifting” (upward displacement of the dynamic tropopause) ahead of a nondeepening and otherwise very weak upper-tropospheric disturbance.
Caregivers’ Perspectives on Human–Robot Collaboration in Inpatient Elderly Care Settings

Due to serious challenges in the healthcare sector, high expectations are placed on the use of assistive robotics. However, only a few systems are currently commercially available. Key challenges in the automation of care activities concern the identification and robust mediation of medical and nursing standards as well as the distribution of agency between caregivers, robots, and patients. With regard to successful mediation of this relational framework, this research aims to identify (1) prerequisites for the implementation and use of robots, (2) potential areas of application as well as ethical considerations, and, finally, (3) requirements for the design of human–robot interactions (HRI) within inpatient elderly care settings. Using a qualitative research approach with semi-structured interviews, a total of 19 health professionals were interviewed in two constitutive studies. The results illustrate that robotic assistance is expected to provide potential relief in various application areas. At the same time, there was a great need for measures that support professionals in their responsibility for the care process and consider the professional values of care in the interpersonal relationship. To ensure high acceptance and use of robotics in care, its capabilities, role models, and agency must be increasingly aligned to professional standards and values.
State-dependent Riccati equation techniques: an overview

State-dependent Riccati equation (SDRE) techniques are rapidly emerging as general design methods which provide a systematic and effective means of designing nonlinear controllers, observers, and filters. This paper provides an overview of several SDRE design techniques including SDRE nonlinear regulation, SDRE nonlinear H/sub /spl infin//, SDRE nonlinear H/sub 2/, and SDRE nonlinear filtering.
Impact of Two Whole-Body Vibration Exercise Protocols on Body Composition of Patients with Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial

(1) Background: This study investigated the effects of two 6-week whole-body vibration exercise (WBVE) protocols on body composition in patients with metabolic syndrome (MSy). Thirty-three patients were allocated to either the Fixed Frequency WBVE Group (FFG-WBVE) or the Variable Frequency WBVE Group (VFG-WBVE). (2) Methods: A side-alternating vibration platform was used and the patients remained in the semi-squat position on this platform. In the FFG-WBVE (n = 12; median age = 50.50 years) and (body mass index BMI = 31.95 kg/m2), patients were exposed to 10 s of mechanical vibration at a fixed frequency of 5 Hz, followed by 50 s without vibration. In the VFG-WBVE (n = 10; median age = 57.50 years) and (BMI = 32.50 kg/m2), the patients performed 60 s of mechanical vibration at different frequencies from 5 to 16 Hz). Body composition evaluated through (bioelectrical impedance analysis and anthropometric measurements) were was evaluated before and after the all the interventions in each group. (3) Results: The VFG-WBVE decreased waist circumference, p = 0.01 and segmental fat mass [left arm, p = 0.01; right arm, p = 0.02 and trunk, p = 0.03]. Bone content increased, p = 0.01. No significant changes were observed in the FFG- WBVE. (4) Conclusions: In conclusion, this study demonstrated that 6 weeks of WBVE with a protocol with variable frequency can positively modify the body composition of MSY patients. These findings might contribute to improvements in the metabolic health of these patients.
TỶ LỆ CHẤP NHẬN ĐẶT QUE CẤY TRÁNH THAI IMPLANON CỦA SẢN PHỤ SAU SINH 6-12 TUẦN TẠI BỆNH VIỆN PHỤ SẢN MÊKÔNG

Mục tiêu: Xác định tỷ lệ chấp nhận đặt que cấy tránh thai Implanon của sản phụ sau sinh 6-12 tuần. Phương pháp: Nghiên cứu cắt ngang được tiến hành trên 393 sản phụ sau sinh 6-12 tuần đến khám tại bệnh viện phụ sản MêKông, 18 tuổi trở lên, từ tháng 11/2021 đến tháng 06/2022. Kết quả: Tỷ lệ sản phụ sau sinh 6-12 tuần chấp nhận đặt que cấy tránh thai (QCTT) là 21,2%. Tuổi trung bình là 31 ±4; 75,3% sản phụ có trình độ văn hóa trên lớp 12; 46,4% sản phụ có 1 con; 77,6% sản phụ có sử dụng biện pháp tránh thai trước lần sinh này. Tỷ lệ sản phụ có kiến thức đúng về QCTT là 32,3%, có thái độ tốt về QCTT là 41,5%. Sản phụ có kiến thức đúng có tỷ lệ chấp nhận QCTT cao gấp 3,08 lần so với sản phụ có kiến thức kém với PR=3,08; KTC 95% (2,44 – 3,88); p<0,001. Kết luận: Cần nâng cao kiến thức về QCTT cho các sản phụ qua việc tư vấn cho phụ nữ về QCTT từ khi khám thai, ngay sau sinh trước xuất viện và những lần tái khám sau sinh.
Hydro-implantation versus Visco-implantation of Intraocular Lenses and Fluid Load Effect on Corneal Endothelial Cells after Uneventful Phacoemulsification

AIM: The purpose of the study was to study the effect of implantation method and fluid load (aspiration time, aspiration volume) on corneal endothelium in uneventful phacoemulsification surgeries. METHODS: This study was a prospective and interventional study involved 77 eyes, 50−81 years, divided into three groups according to implantation method (on Saline, Healon, or Methylcellulose). Specular microscope analysis of corneal endothelial parameters: Cell density (CD), central corneal thickness (CCT), coefficient of variation (CV), and Hexagonality (HEX) were done before and 3 months after surgery. RESULTS: A total of 77 eyes with cataracts were studied, and there was a significant increase in CCT and CV with a decrease in CD and HEX in all three groups. On comparing the same parameters between the three groups, there were insignificant differences regarding CCT and HEX changes. Although there was a significant change in CD, the highest loss was in the Healon group (median −0.138), followed by the Saline group (median −0.118), and the lowest was in the Methyl group (median −0.075). There was a significant change in CV, showing the highest increase in the Healon group (median 0.16129) followed by the Saline group (median 0.13307) and the lowest in the Methyl group (median 0.1266). There was a non-significant change in all corneal parameters among cases in each group with different aspiration volumes and times. CONCLUSION: Endothelial cell loss was lowest with Methyl followed by saline, and highest with Healon implantation. Fluidics had an insignificant effect in the three groups. Saline implantation was comparable to Healon, with an insignificant difference in CD loss.
A Steady-State Stratospheric Aerosol Model

Abstract This paper deals with the development of a one-dimensional steady-state stratospheric aerosol model and the subsequent perturbations caused by including the expected space shuttle particulate effluents in the model. Two approaches to the basic modeling effort have been made: in one, enough simplifying assumptions were introduced so that a more or less exact solution to the descriptive equations could be obtained; in the other, very few simplifications were made and a computer technique was used to solve the equations. The most complete form of the model contains the effects of sedimentation, diffusion, particle growth and coagulation. The results indicate that the model is capable of describing many aspects of the stratospheric aerosol layer, such as size distribution and the vertical profile of particles >0.3 μm diameter.
Cubic to tetragonal phase transition of SrTiO3 under epitaxial stress : An X-ray backscattering study

Employing synchrotron radiation in backscattering geometry we studied the 105 K cubic to tetragonal (CT) phase transition of SrTiO 3 by X-ray diffraction using the (006) reflection of three (001) oriented samples. Two of the crystals were covered with ultra-thin films of YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7-δ (14 nm) and GdBa 2 Cu 3 O 7-δ (28 nm), respectively. We find that the stress induced by the epitaxial layers influences the behavior of the CT transition in two ways. (i) The critical temperature increases by 1.2 K as a result of the homogeneous epitaxial stress (13.5 MPa) introduced into the substrate by the pseudomorphic GdBa 2 Cu 3 O 7-δ film. (ii) Strain affects the critical exponent of the temperature dependence of the order parameter. Furthermore, the microstructure of the tetragonal domains and its temperature dependence are markedly different for the three samples.
Effects of rosiglitazone, an antidiabetic drug, on Kv3.1 channels

Rosiglitazone is a thiazolidinedione-class antidiabetic drug that reduces blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin levels. We here investigated the interaction of rosiglitazone with Kv3.1 expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. Rosiglitazone rapidly and reversibly inhibited Kv3.1 currents in a concentration-dependent manner (IC50 = 29.8 µM) and accelerated the decay of Kv3.1 currents without modifying the activation kinetics. The rosiglitazone-mediated inhibition of Kv3.1 channels increased steeply in a sigmoidal pattern over the voltage range of –20 to +30 mV, whereas it was voltage-independent in the voltage range above +30 mV, where the channels were fully activated. The deactivation of Kv3.1 current, measured along with tail currents, was also slowed by the drug. In addition, the steady-state inactivation curve of Kv3.1 by rosiglitazone shifts to a negative potential without significant change in the slope value. All the results with the use dependence of the rosiglitazone-mediated blockade suggest that rosiglitazone acts on Kv3.1 channels as an open channel blocker.
Hand Gesture Signatures Acquisition and Processing by Means of a Novel Ultrasound System

Hand gestures represent a natural way to express concepts and emotions which are peculiar to each culture. Several studies exploit biometric traits, such as fingerprint, iris or face for subject identification purposes. Within this paper, a novel ultrasound system for person identification that exploits hand gestures is presented. The system works as a sonar, measuring the ultrasonic pressure waves scattered by the subject’s hand, and analysing its Doppler information. Further, several transformations for obtaining time/frequency representations of the acquired signal are computed and a deep learning detector is implemented. The proposed system is cheap, reliable, contactless and can be easily integrated with other personal identification approaches allowing different security levels. The performances are evaluated via experimental tests carried out on a group of 25 volunteers. Results are encouraging, showing the promising potential of the system.
On the Convergence of Hybrid Server-Clients Collaborative Training

Modern distributed machine learning (ML) paradigms, such as federated learning (FL), utilize data distributed at different clients to train a global model. In such paradigm, local datasets never leave the clients for better privacy protection, and the parameter server (PS) only performs simple aggregation. In practice, however, there is often some amount of data available at the PS, and its computation capability is strong enough to carry out more demanding tasks than simple model aggregation. The focus of this paper is to analyze the model convergence of a new hybrid learning architecture, which leverages the PS dataset and its computation power for collaborative model training with clients. Different from FL where stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is always computed in parallel across clients, the new architecture has both parallel SGD at clients and sequential SGD at PS. We analyze the convergence rate upper bounds of this aggregate-then-advance design for both strongly convex and non-convex loss functions. We show that when the local SGD has an $\mathcal {O}(1/t)$ stepsize, the server SGD needs to scale its stepsize to no slower than $\mathcal {O}(1/t^{2})$ in order to strictly outperform local SGD with strongly convex loss functions. The theoretical findings are corroborated by numerical experiments, where advantages in terms of both accuracy and convergence speed over clients-only (local SGD and FED AVG) and server-only training are demonstrated.
Analysis of Complex Network Characteristics of Bus Stations in City: A Case Study of the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Urban Agglomeration

: Based on the current situation and operation of urban bus network stops, this paper uses complex network theory to analyse the topology of the constructed network. Taking the ChangZhuTan bus network as an example, the Space-L method is selected to establish a network topology model, and the topological characteristics of different networks are analysed by calculating the static indicators of the network (degree, degree distribution, average path length, clustering coefficient, etc.). The research results show that the ChangZhuTan bus network has scale-free network characteristics, but the small-world characteristics are not obvious, and the results of the indicator calculation are consistent, which provides a reference for urban transport The results show that the ChangZhuTan bus network has scale-free network characteristics, but the small-world characteristics are not obvious, and the results are consistent with the index calculation, which puts forward reference suggestions for urban transportation planning and development.
Multi-area integrated E/MEG and fMRI modeling

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has complementary spatiotemporal resolution compared to Electroencephalography (EEG) as well as Magnetoencephalography (MEG). Thus, their integrated analysis should improve the overall resolution. To integrate analysis of E/MEG and fMRI, we extend our previously proposed integrated E/MEG and fMRI neural mass model to a multi-area model by defining two types of connections: the Short-Range Connections (SRCs) between minicolumns within the areas and Long-Range Connections (LRCs) between inter-areas minicolumns. The nonlinear input/output relationship in the proposed model is derived from the state space representation of the multi-area model. The E/MEG signals are originated from the overall synaptic activities of the pyramidal cells of all minicolumns and can be calculated using the lead field matrix (i.e., forward electromagnetic model). The fMRI signal is extracted from the proposed integrated model by calculating the overall neural activities in the areas and using it as the input of the extended balloon model (EBM). Using the simulation results, the capabilities of the proposed model to generate E/MEG and fMRI signals is shown. In addition, changes in the dynamics of the model to variations of its parameters were evaluated and lead us to the appropriate ranges for the parameters. In conclusion, this work proposes an effective method to integrate E/MEG and fMRI for the more effective use of these techniques in functional neuroimaging.
Optical Scattering Cross Sections for Polydispersions of Dielectric Spheres

The mean scattering cross section of a polydispersion upon which electromagnetic radiation is incident is found to depend primarily upon the ratio of the third to second moment of the size distribution function, i.e., the volume–surface mean diameter, and is only weakly dependent on the shape of the size distribution function. This result is applicable to mean diameters ranging from very large to very small compared with the wavelength of incident light. Mean scattering coefficients are presented for polydispersions with refractive indices varying from m−1≪1 to m=1.85. The results of this investigation can be used to measure mean particle size, as represented by the ratio of third to second moment of size distribution function, to an accuracy comparable to experimental accuracy even though the size distribution function is not known.