Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Novel Opposite Polarity Cycling Recovery (OPCR) of HfZrO2 Antiferroelectric-RAM with an Access Scheme Toward Unlimited Endurance

Opposite polarity cycling recovery (OPCR) is proposed for the first time to completely restore a fatigued antiferroelectric (AFE) capacitor back to its initial state, thereby extending the endurance number of switching cycles for AFE-RAM. A comprehensive model exclusive to AFE with unipolar cycling is revealed toward the prospect of unlimited endurance, and the unipolar cycling with OPCR is experimentally demonstrated to be 5.6×1011 cycles, while achieving the nondegradation and complete restoration of Pr. Furthermore, the access scheme of 1T1C AFE-RAM is presented for the proposed alternate polarity operation.
Interval regression analysis based on quadratic programming

We propose an approach to interval regression analysis based on quadratic programming. Secondly we propose a unified approach for the possibility and the necessity regression models in interval regression. From the obtained two models, fuzzy output can be defined. Moreover, a performance index for the unified approach to measure the fitness of the given data to the obtained models is defined.
THE STELLAR VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION IN THE SOLAR NEIGHBORHOOD: DEVIATIONS FROM THE SCHWARZSCHILD DISTRIBUTION

The idea of the collisionless relaxation of the stellar disk of the Milky Way is elaborated. Jeans' gravitationally unstable stellar disk is considered by applying the procedure of the quasi-linear kinetic approach. It is shown that unstable gravity perturbations (e.g., those produced by a spontaneous disturbance) grow almost aperiodically in the main part of the disk between the inner and outer Lindblad resonances and affect the in-plane averaged velocity distribution of stars. The diffusion equation in velocity space is derived describing the secular increase in the dispersion of the peculiar velocities of stars with time after star formation in the rotationally supported Galactic disk. Our previous investigation is extended by including the minor second-order terms of the theory to describe the small distortion in the local distribution function of stars away from the standard Schwarzschild distribution. It is shown that the residual velocity distributions along the radial and azimuthal coordinates in velocity space are non-Gaussian in the sense that the central peaks are more populated and the higher energy portions of the distributions are somewhat underpopulated. For a subsystem of relatively old stars with ages (2–3)×109 years, the quantitative change is of the order of 10%–15%. The observational test of the theory is also suggested.
Forecasting inflation: the use of dynamic factor analysis and nonlinear combinations

This paper considers the problem of forecasting inflation in the United States, the euro area and the United Kingdom in the presence of possible structural breaks and changing parameters. We examine a range of moving window techniques that have been proposed in the literature. We extend previous work by considering factor models using principal components and dynamic factors. We then consider the use of forecast combinations with time-varying weights. Our basic finding is that moving windows do not produce a clear benefit to forecasting. Time-varying combination of forecasts does produce a substantial improvement in forecasting accuracy.
Survey of flux transfer events observed with the ISEE 1 spacecraft: Dependence on the interplanetary magnetic field

We have surveyed the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) dependence of isolated bipolar perturbations of the magnetic field component normal to the magnetopause, identifiable as flux transfer events (FTEs), from nine seasons during which the ISEE 1 spacecraft completely precessed through the dayside magnetosheath and magnetosphere. The majority of subsolar FTEs are associated with southward IMF, consistent with previous studies. The ratio of the number of FTEs during spiral IMF orientation to that during ortho-spiral IMF is roughly the same at any MLT, an unfavorable finding for the foreshock being the source of our FTEs. The curvature force controlled by IMF By tends to affect significantly the motion of FTEs near noon, causing sunward moving FTEs. This behavior is consistent with reconnection being the source of our events. The totality of these results suggest that the foreshock is not the source of FTEs on the dayside magnetopause but that reconnection at the magnetopause is the source.
Reduction of transmission spectrum shift of long-period fiber gratings by a UV-preexposure method

We examined the photosensitivity and stability in an ultraviolet (UV)-preexposure method that locks the photosensitivity of refractive index by hydrogen loading in the fabrication of long-period fiber gratings (LPFGs). Photosensitivity and stability comparisons are made between the UV-preexposure method, a typical hydrogen-loading method, and a UV-exposure method without hydrogen loading. The UV-preexposure method can enhance the photosensitivity to induce effective refractive index modulations up to 1.6/spl times/10/sup -4/, which is sufficient for fabricating LPFGs in a practical manner under the hydrogen-loading condition at a relatively low pressure of 2.9 MPa. The sensitivity is preserved in terms of the length of time at least over 10 000 h. The spectrum changes after the completion of the LPFG writing are more stable than under the typical hydrogen loading. Therefore, the proposed UV-preexposure method is one of the most useful techniques for fabricating precise and stable fiber gratings, because there are no free hydrogen molecules in the fiber when the fiber gratings are written.
Characteristics of Simulation: A Meta-Review of Modern Simulation Applications

Simulation studies enable practitioners and researchers to prove assumptions and hypotheses. Through experiments, they can analyze real-world and conceptual systems. Hence, simulation is an integral part of industrial and scientific work. Nevertheless, simulation applications have to adapt to modern, digitized working changes. As simulation evolves analogously to the industrial world, the scientific world must adjust accordingly, and new research streams for the next steps of simulation's evolution must be defined. This work aims at gathering and exhibiting the properties of recent simulation studies. It provides the groundwork for the definition of research streams for the future of simulation. The paper lays the foundation for prescriptive design knowledge on simulation studies through a structured literature review. Thus, researchers and practitioners are enabled to take on the current challenges of simulation based on a descriptive up-to-date data basis.
Detection of CO emission from S0 galaxies

An IRAS-selected sample of 11 optically bright S0 galaxies was searched for (C-12)O J = 1-0 (115-GHz) emission. Five were detected at levels of 5Sigma or greater in integrated line intensity. These detections contradict the traditional view that S0 galaxies are devoid of molecular gas. This gas likely serves as fuel for the current star formation inferred from recent FIR and radio-continuum studies. The molecular gas could be residual, left over from galaxy formation but enriched by stellar processing, or it could originate from stellar mass loss and subsequent cooling, cooling flows, and/or capture from a gas-rich companion. 48 refs.
Assessment of Dynamic Measurement Accuracy of GPS in Three Directions

Global positioning system (GPS) technology is an emerging tool for measuring and monitoring both static and dynamic displacement responses of large civil engineering structures to gust winds. The accuracy of dynamic displacement measurement using GPS at a subcentimeter to millimeter level, however, depends on many factors such as data sampling rate, satellite coverage, atmospheric effect, multipath effect, and GPS data processing methods. This paper aims to assess the dynamic displacement measurement accuracy of GPS in three orthogonal directions for applications in civil engineering. For this purpose, a motion simulation table was first developed as a test station, simulating various types of 2D motions of either tall buildings in a horizontal plane or long-span bridges in a vertical plane. The antenna of a GPS receiver was then installed on the motion simulation table and was used to measure the table motion in an open area. A band-pass filtering scheme was finally designed and applied to the table motion data recorded by the GPS. The comparison of the table motion recorded by the GPS with the original motion generated by the table shows that the GPS can measure horizontal and vertical dynamic displacements accurately within a certain amplitude and frequency range. The test results also demonstrate that the GPS can trace wind-induced dynamic displacement responses measured from a tall building in the horizontal plane and a long-span bridge deck in the vertical plane satisfactorily.
Prospects in Broadening the Application of Planar Solution‐Based Distributed Bragg Reflectors

Distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) are primarily used in lasers and telecommunications. Liquid film deposition of DBRs holds great promise for expanding their utilization in environmental friendly, low‐cost, and large‐area applications. In this perspective, this work reviews the progress in solution‐based DBR research and evaluates their application in light‐emitting devices, photovoltaics and sensing. For these applications, a high refractive index contrast between the alternating layers of a DBR is important for achieving high reflectivity from only a small number of layers. While there is a plethora of solution processes that can produce low‐refractive index films, the realization of high‐refractive index films is challenging. Recent advances in materials and coating processes have addressed this challenge and novel solution‐based DBRs showed remarkable performance which is on par with traditional physical/chemical vapor phase deposition. This work examines what inhibits solution‐based DBRs, despite the great progress, to reach the stage of commercial application. In addition, this work found that DBR research is substantially extended beyond photonics, thus by summarizing materials and processes in a single table it aims to provide the necessary information to researchers with diverse backgrounds.
Characterizing and Modelling of the BTI Reliability in IGZO-TFT using Light-assisted I-V Spectroscopy

The sub-gap Density-of-State (DoS) in IGZO thin-film transistors (TFT) is systematically investigated using a newly developed Light-assisted I-V Spectroscopy (LaIVs). The technique quantifies the sub-gap DoS of pristine IGZO device and how they evolve with the electrical stress. By combining LaIVs with a model of the entire I-V, charge trapping in the gate-dielectric defects and sub-gap DoS changes during Positive Bias Temperature Instability (PBTI) are decoupled. Their time kinetics and voltage acceleration factors are extracted, allowing to project the I-V degradations to any stress time and voltages.
Silicon reconfigurable polarization-selective modulation for on-chip polarization-multiplexed photonic systems

In this paper, we demonstrate a reconfigurable device that could realize modulation on TE0 polarization or TM0 polarization selectively. The device consists of a pair of TM0-TE1/TE1-TM0 mode converters, two TE0-TE1 mode exchangers, and a TE1 mode micro-ring modulator. 32 Gb/s on-off keying modulation is successfully demonstrated both for TE0 polarization and TM0 polarization.
Methods for Spatiotemporal Analysis of Human Gait Based on Data from Depth Sensors

Gait analysis may serve various purposes related to health care, such as the estimation of elderly people’s risk of falling. This paper is devoted to gait analysis based on data from depth sensors which are suitable for use both at healthcare facilities and in monitoring systems dedicated to household environments. This paper is focused on the comparison of three methods for spatiotemporal gait analysis based on data from depth sensors, involving the analysis of the movement trajectories of the knees, feet, and centre of mass. The accuracy of the results obtained using those methods was assessed for different depth sensors’ viewing angles and different types of subject clothing. Data were collected using a Kinect v2 device. Five people took part in the experiments. Data from a Zebris FDM platform were used as a reference. The obtained results indicate that the viewing angle and the subject’s clothing affect the uncertainty of the estimates of spatiotemporal gait parameters, and that the method based on the trajectories of the feet yields the most information, while the method based on the trajectory of the centre of mass is the most robust.
ABRIXAS: an imaging x-ray survey in the 0.5- to 10-keV range

ABRIXAS is a German satellite project - to be launched in spring 1999 - which will perform the first imaging x-ray all-sky survey in the 0.5-10 keV band thus being a complement to the ROSAT all-sky which covered the 0.1-2.4 keV range. The motivation of the project is a complete survey of sources that are missed by the ROSAT survey due to absorption. ABRIXAS will be also an ideal pathfinder for the forthcoming missions XMM and AXAF which will be launched in 1999, too. The ABRIXAS observatory will contain seven identical mirror modules, each consisting of 27 nested gold coated nickel shells of Wolter type I with a maximum diameter of 16 cm and a focal length of 160 cm. The optical systems are constructed by Carl Zeiss in replication technique and reach an on-axis resolution of better than 30 arcseconds. The focal planes of the seven telescopes share a 6 cm by 6 cm monolithic CCD detector of pn type developed by MPE and IAAT. It is nearly identical to that used for the XMM/EPIC camera and has the main advantages of high quantum efficiency and short readout cycles.
Microelectromechanical magnetic field sensor based on ΔE effect

We present a fully integrated microelectromechanical magnetic field sensor based on the ΔE effect. The vacuum encapsulated sensor extends our previous approach [B. Gojdka et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 99, 223502 (2011); Nature 480, 155 (2011)] and now involves an intermediate piezoelectric AlN layer between a SiO2 cantilever and a magnetostrictive FeCoBSi top layer. The AlN layer serves two functions: It drives the resonator, and it is used for electrical read out. The limit of detection was strongly enhanced to 12 nT/ Hz at 10 Hz.
Investigations on Speed Planning Algorithm and Trajectory Tracking Control of Intersection Scenarios Without Traffic Signs

Efficient intersection planning is one of the most challenging tasks for an autonomous vehicle at present. The degree of response to other traffic participants and whether the path tracking effect is good are the key aspects that determine the performance of planning algorithm for an autonomous vehicle. In order to deal with these problems, in this paper, the frame structure of POMDP (Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes) and the time distance coordinate system are combined to carry out the speed planning for the self-propelled vehicle. The speed planning designs a novel POMDP model to ensure effective prediction of behavioral intentions and decision-making at intersections with no traffic signs. Specifically, the method is considered both the driving position and the time range of arrival of the vehicle at the intersection in real-world situations. At the same time, the algorithm is projected the state information into the time distance coordinate system in the form of probability, and used the value iteration method to solve the optimal solution, so as to improve the adaptability of the algorithm to real-world scenarios. Furthermore, MPC control is added on this basis. Rational use of dynamic MPC and kinematic MPC can effectively reduce the tracking error, improve the stability of tracking, and carry out finer control when the speed frequently fluctuates.
Security and Integrity Attacks in Named Data Networking: A Survey

The notion of Information-Centric Networking (ICN) specifies a new communication model that emphasis on the content exchanged rather than the devices connected. ICN architectures like Content Centric Network (CCN) and Named Data Networking (NDN) have been proposed to shift from host-centric based to content-centric based communication along and provide benefits to users in addressing the challenges of traditional IP networks. It differs from host-centric standard Internet Protocol (IP) networking in of naming, routing, forwarding, and caching characteristics. Naming features used in NDN use global unique names provided by content-based security and encryption. It ensures content integrity and authenticity as part of its design. In this paper, we survey on security aspects of NDN/CCN, discussing three integrity attacks such as replay attacks, Man-in-The-Middle (MiTM) attacks, and Content Poisoning Attack (CPA) with countermeasure against them. In addition, we highlight an open challenge and offer future research directions in the context of security.
Poly(Glycerol) Microparticles as Drug Delivery Vehicle for Biomedical Use

Glycerol (Gly) is a well-known, FDA-approved molecule posing three hydroxyl groups. Since Gly is biocompatible, here, it was aimed to prepare poly(Glycerol) (p(Gly)) particles directly for the first time for the delivery of therapeutic agents. Micrometer-sized particles of p(Gly) were successfully synthesized via the micro-emulsion method with an average size of 14.5 ± 5.6 µm. P(Gly) microparticles up to 1.0 g/mL concentrations were found biocompatible with 85 ± 1% cell viability against L929 fibroblasts. Moreover, p(Gly) microparticles were tested for hemocompatibility, and it was found that up to 1.0 mg/mL concentrations the particles were non-hemolytic with 0.4 ± 0.1% hemolysis ratios. In addition, the blood compatibility index values of the prepared p(Gly) particles were found as 95 ± 2%, indicating that these microparticles are both bio- and hemocompatible. Furthermore, Quercetin (QC) flavonoid, which possessed high antioxidant properties, was loaded into p(Gly) microparticles to demonstrate drug-carrying properties of the particles with improved bioavailability, non-toxicity, and high biocompatibility. The results of this study evidently revealed that p(Gly) particles can be directly prepared from a cost-effective and easily accessible glycerol molecule and the prepared particles exhibited good biocompatibility, hemocompatibility, and non-toxicity. Therefore, p(Gly) particles were found as promising vehicles for drug delivery systems in terms of their higher loading and release capability as well as for sustained long term release profiles.
Application Prospects of Triphenylphosphine-Based Mitochondria-Targeted Cancer Therapy

Simple Summary Although there are various treatments for tumors, chemotherapy is still one of the most dominant and irreplaceable treatment modalities nowadays. Unfortunately, chemotherapy is often accompanied by serious toxic side effects. Therefore, the search for new targets for antitumor drug action and the synthesis of new antitumor drugs has been a major topic of research in cancer therapy. With the development of medical science, excellent anti-tumor drugs need not only good therapeutic effects and less toxic side effects, but also preferably lower doses that can achieve therapeutic effects. Organelle-targeted antitumor agents can meet these requirements and have become one of the hot spots for antitumor drug research nowadays, such as mitochondria-targeted antitumor drugs. This review focuses on the application of triphenylphosphine (TPP) in mitochondria-targeted drugs and summarizes the common mitochondria-targeted carriers currently available, in the hope of providing a reference for the development of better mitochondria-targeted agents for tumor therapy. Abstract Cancer is one of the leading causes of death and the most important impediments to the efforts to increase life expectancy worldwide. Currently, chemotherapy is the main treatment for cancer, but it is often accompanied by side effects that affect normal tissues and organs. The search for new alternatives to chemotherapy has been a hot research topic in the field of antineoplastic medicine. Drugs targeting diseased tissues or cells can significantly improve the efficacy of drugs. Therefore, organelle-targeted antitumor drugs are being explored, such as mitochondria-targeted antitumor drugs. Mitochondria is the central site of cellular energy production and plays an important role in cell survival and death. Moreover, a large number of studies have shown a close association between mitochondrial metabolism and tumorigenesis and progression, making mitochondria a promising new target for cancer therapy. Combining mitochondrial targeting agents with drug molecules is an effective way of mitochondrial targeting. In addition, hyperpolarized tumor cell membranes and mitochondrial membrane potentially allow selective accumulation of mitochondria-targeted drugs. This enhances the direct killing of tumor cells by drug molecules while minimizing the potential toxicity to normal cells. In this review, we discuss the common pro-mitochondrial agents, the advantages of triphenylphosphine (TPP) in mitochondrial-targeted cancer therapy and systematically summarize various TPP-based mitochondria-targeting anticancer drugs.
Evaluating the classification accuracy of fuzzy thematic maps with a simple parametric measure

In thematic maps, information is traditionally represented in a one-pixel–one-class method, which assumes each pixel in the map can be assigned unambiguously to a single class. The introduction of fuzzy classifications overcomes the traditional limitations on the mutually exclusive nature of map classes assigning varying levels of class membership for individual map pixels. However, the accuracy of fuzzy classifications is difficult to evaluate as conventional measures of classification accuracy are appropriate only for conventional one-pixel–one-class representations. This is a major barrier to the wider adoption of fuzzy classifications. In this paper, a parametric generalization of Morisita's index, first proposed in the ecological literature, is introduced whose members have varying sensitivities to the presence of rare and abundant thematic map classes. Due to its simplicity, the proposed index may be used to summarize the classification accuracy of fuzzy thematic maps obtained by softening the output of a maximum likelihood classification.
Relationship between Strength and Professional Quality of Life of Nurses Working Hospital Emergency Departments

Optimal quality of professional life can allow coping with stressful situations and avoiding fatigue. This is instrumental in jobs undergoing very demanding situations, such as nurses working in Emergency Departments. In this study, we investigated the relationship between functional and physiological indicators and the quality of professional life in nurses of Emergency Departments of two public hospitals. Fifty-nine professionals participated in the study. Cortisol (an indicator of stress) and post-test lactate (an indicator of fatigue) were analyzed in saliva and in the blood, respectively, at the beginning and at the end of the morning shift. The CVP-35 survey (Spanish version of the QPL-35 questionnaire) was used to assess the quality of professional life. Post-dynamometry circulating lactate levels increased significantly; meanwhile, salivary cortisol decreased in participants at the end of the working shift. Regarding dynamometry, no significant changes were observed. CVP-35/QPL-35 scores did not show significant changes in participants from both hospitals in all dimensions analyzed. In conclusion, nurses participating in the study displayed adaptation to stress accompanied by an acceptable level of professional quality of life. However, certain fatigue appears at the end of the working day. Altogether, results suggest that a better organization must be implemented at work, improving ergonomic, safe, and healthy conditions.