Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fake News Detection using Machine Learning

The average news consumption via nontraditional sources such as social media, blogs and instant messaging groups has certainly gained a lot of interest in the recent time. One of the main sources of news content that people rely nowadays upon is via social media. Upon the release of a new data source, there are a set of issues associated with it. The rise of social media as a news source has the issue of generation and widespread of falsified information. This poses a threat not only specific to a platform in which the news content is published but also to the Internet as a source of medium for communicating news as a whole. In this project, we are trying to implement a proactive methodology to predict fake news that is prevalent in social media. The essential idea behind the system is to exploit the social relationship in social media to build a semi-supervised detection system.
Parental Factors Affecting the Incidence of Infantile Colic: A Systematic Review

Context: Infantile Colic (IC) is an essential problem in infancy that is influenced by factors related to infants and parents. The parental factors associated with colic have not been comprehensively assessed. Objectives: The present systematic review was conducted to investigate the parental factors affecting the incidence of IC. Data Sources: Databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, Google scholar, as well as Scientific Information Database (SID), and Magiran (Iranian websites) were searched to identify all eligible papers concerning parental factors affecting infantile CI. The registration number of this study was CRD42020163518 in the PROSPERO database. Study Selection: A total of 423 relevant articles published up to the end of December 2019 were assessed. The selected articles were screened based on duplicated, eligibility criteria, and quality appraisal. The main inclusion criteria were observational studies and articles in Persian and English languages. Data Extraction: The Mesh keywords and Boolean operators included (“risk factors” OR “causality”) AND (“parents” OR “fathers” OR “mothers”) AND (“infant”) AND (“colic”). Consequently, 18 papers were thoroughly studied and the related data were extracted. Two researchers independently performed the data extraction and quality assessment based on the STROBE checklist from the observational studies. The information of selected studies was recorded in a table, i.e. consisted of authors’ names, purpose, design, population, and main results. Results: Final articles consisted of 10 prospective, 6 cross-sectional, and 2 case-control studies. Eventually, the effective factors were placed in 6 categories, as follows: psychological factors, physical factors, taking medications, perinatal factors, family’s socioeconomic status, and maternal diet. The most important characteristics predisposing to IC were parental depression, anxiety, smoking, maternal history of migraine, young age, primiparity, low family support, high socioeconomic status, high-risk pregnancies, and delivery, taking antibiotics, as well as the consumption of celery, onions, and bananas. Conclusions: Various parental factors affect the incidence of colic. Identifying these risk factors and accurate planning can be beneficial in the prevention and treatment of IC.
The Expression of Cultural Identities in Hong Kong’s Anti-Extradition Law Amendment Bill Movement: A Semantic Network Analysis of Tweets

Building upon the theories of nested identity and optimal distinctiveness, this study examines the identity structure of Hong Kong Twitter users as reflected in their tweets and how their structure changed over time during the Anti-Extradition Movement. By employing semantic network analysis and discursive historical analysis, we found that the identity structure expressed by Hong Kong Twitter users manifested a composite mesh of a sense of victimization, democratic values, sense of autonomy, and sense of helplessness. Moreover, the way Hong Kong Twitter users distinguished themselves from others was hybrid and miscible, justified by an affirmation for morality. The identity expression changed its emphasis regarding different identity concepts as the movement evolved. Implications on how social movement impacts identity politics, and vice versa, are also discussed.
Complex Formation of Gatifloxacin Drug Belongs to Flouroquinolone Family for Biological Study

Corresponding author: Zeinab H. Abd El-Wahab, Email: zhabdelwahab@azhar.edu. eg, Tel. : 01062686014 (Received 17/04/2021 ; accepted 28/04/2021) DOI: 10.21608/jtcps.2021. 72750.1056 ©2021 National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC) IN THIS work, the complexation reaction between La(III) ion and gatifloxacin drug belongs to flouroquinolone family was studied in an ethanolic solution. The coordination behavior of the formed complex was investigated by different techniques. The elemental analysis shows that the metal to ligand ratio of 1:1. The molar conductance measurement display the none electrolytic nature of the complex. The thermal behavior of the complex was investigated and the thermal decomposition pathways have been postulated showing that the final product is metal oxide and eight carbon atoms. Antibacterial and antifungal properties of the metal complex has also been examined against Gram positie bacteria (Bacillus Subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram negative bacteria (klebsiella pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli in addition to fungai (Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Aspergillus flavus, and Fusarium oxysporum). Gatifloxacin drug and its complex were found to be have variable degree of a remarkable biological activity.
BioCare: An Energy-Efficient CGRA for Bio-Signal Processing at the Edge

Coarse Grained Reconfigurable Architectures (CGRAs) have proved to be viable platforms for health monitoring applications. Targeting energy-efficiency, state-of-the-art (SoA) CGRAs are augmented with approximation techniques, while still maintain acceptable accuracy at final Quality of Result (QoR). However, such CGRAs suffer from overheads of collecting separate Add/Mul/Div units. We propose BioCare as an area- and energy-efficient CGRA for health-monitoring edge devices, which exploits the synergistic effects of multiple approximations across HW/SW stack. BioCare offers different levels of energy-accuracy trade-off through the plasticity of its small PEs, each can support precision-adaptability with a Single Instruction, Multiple Data (SIMD) manner. BioCare demonstrates its superiority over SoAs, by achieving up to 32% and 67% area- and energy-savings, with 3.6 χ higher throughput. In addition to analysis on multiple kernels, evaluations on a multi-kernel ECG application shows that BioCare speed-ups the QRS detection latency by 61%, with 0% loss in accuracy. Our implementations will be available at https://cfaed.tu-dresden.de/pd-downloads.
Zuckertensid basierte Mikroemulsionen: Struktureigenschaftsbeziehungen, Stabilität und Enzymkinetik

Bicontinuous microemulsions exhibit a sponge-like domain structure of oil and water separated by an enormous surfactant interface. These systems are therefore an excellent reaction medium \cite{gar99, hol88, sta99, car00, ros08}. The enzyme diisopropyl fluorophosphatase (DFPase) from the squid \textit{Loligo vulgaris} is of great importance for enzymatically catalysed hydrolysis of highly toxic organophosphates. Related to this application, the phase stability and the internal structure of microemulsions under extreme conditions are of great interest. \\ This work covers the influence of the chain length and headgroup of pure sugar surfactants on the internal structure sizes of the microemulsion system cyclohexane, n-pentanol and water characterized by small angle neutron (SANS) and X-Ray (SAXS) scattering. The phase behaviour of microemulsions based on isononyl isononanoate (Lanol99), sugar surfactant Simulsol SL55 (C$_{12/14}$ G$_{1.3}$), D$_{2}$O / water and the cosurfactant benzyl alcohol is studied and the bicontinuous phase is identified. Using SANS, the internal structure of the bicontinuous phase is characterized. A temperature range of \unit [261]{K} to \unit [343]{K} was covered in the experiments. The prepared microemulsions were found to exhibit nearly no temperature dependence with respect to their structure and phase behaviour. The last part of this thesis focuses on enzymatic reactions in sugar surfactant based microemulsions. A simple model for catalyzing the hydrolysis of highly toxic organophosphates by the DFPase was searched. With the NADH-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH200) which reduces acetophenone, a simple model was found whereby the enzym is located in the polar phase, and is not surface-active. The substrate is located in the organic phase. This enzymatic reaction was kinetically characterized using the UV/vis spectroscopy. Finally the influence of the internal structure of the microemulsion systems which were studied by SANS and SAXS scattering on the enzyme kinetic are discussed.
The Misleading History of VIRUSes

Viruses were classically named after the very same Latin word virus, originally meaning poison or venom. Public understanding of viruses reinforces their “malign” aspects, especially nowadays under the COVID-19 global pandemic. It is our aim here to propose a new way to view viruses and understand their origins and evolution. First, viruses are the most abundant biological systems found on Earth. They can be found almost everywhere and form a subtle biological layer named virosphere. Second, viruses are probably the most important drivers of molecular evolution and they are active agents of ecosystems maintenance and homeostasis, allowing and driving their dynamic modification. A significant number of eukaryotic genomes are composed by genome elements similar to viruses and these endogenous viruses are continuously acting for our equilibrium and fitness. They are responsible for the origin of species-specific orphan genes that allow adaptation through the development of specific traits in separate lineages of eukaryotes. Accumulated evidence indicate that a viral infection was responsible to create the eukaryotic nucleus and, also, it is a syncytium structure caused by viral replication that allows the formation of the placenta. Therefore, viruses were fundamental for the evolutionary fate of eukaryotes and mammals. The presence of virus-specific genes that are absent in cellular organisms indicates that viruses existed before cells. Besides, such as progenotes, viruses are simply ribonucleoproteic entities and their capsids are orders of magnitude simpler than proteolipidic membranes. Here, we (i) propose a complete scenario to describe the major transitions in prebiotic evolution, (ii) present the possibility that viruses emerged before LUCA, and (iii) suggest that viruses originated at the age of progenotes. However, viruses do not form a monophyletic clade. They should be seen as an evolutionary stable strategy recurrently achieved by biological systems to survive. We propose that the word “VIRUS”, known as venom, is historically mistaken and introduce a new interpretation for their name as an acronym for “Very Important Replicator Unit and Symbiont”. But more than being “very important”, viruses are of “Utmost” relevance for the maintenance of life in biosphere, by which reason we suggest referring to them as “UIRUS” to reinforce their incredible role in symbiosis and their beneficial characteristics over the infectious ones.
Quality properties and storage stability of beef burger as influenced by addition of orange peels (albedo)

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of using the orange albedo (OA) on the quality attributes of low fat beef burger. The analysis included: chemical composition, water-holding capacity, cooking loss% and pH values as well as sensory evaluation of low fat beef burger prepared with the introduction of the OA with a concentration of 5% as a partial fat replacer were also studied. Microbiological analysis of frozen minced meat semi-finished products (burger patties, at minus 18 °C) stored for 126 days was included. According to the obtained results, the OA contains 1.47% of lipids, 1.42% of protein and 24.61% of dietary fiber. The result also showed that the usage of OA has a positive impact on organoleptic indicators of beef burger. Nutritional value, waterholding capacity, cooking loss% and pH of treated burger patties were improved. In addition, the caloric value of treatment samples decreased because of replacing the animal fat with the OA in recipe. During the storage of semi-finished products, Thiobarbituric values (TBA) showed that treatment samples substantially developed using OA instead of animal fat had a lower level of lipid oxidation compared to control samples. The shelf life of treated burger patties was significantly increased compared to control sample by decreasing the microbial growth and rate of fatty acids oxidation. Finally, OA could be accepted as a functional component in meat products.
Single Air Bubble Breakup Experiments in Stirred Water Tank

Abstract Single gas bubbles have been injected into an stirred liquid tank and the eventual breakup process of the bubbles was examined through high-speed imaging. Experimental observations of the breakup probability, breakup time, number of daughter bubbles and daughter bubble size distribution have been collected. The occurrence of non-equal-size breakup events dominated over equal-size breakup events. The frequency of binary and multiple breakup events was about equal. The largest uncertainty is associated with the determination of the breakup time because the bubbles take continuously altering deformed shapes already from the point of injection into the tank. The present experimental data do not support the standard model assumption regarding the number of daughter particles. The active breakup zone in the stirred tank was in the large velocity field close to the radial impeller. It is not evident whether the breakup events are due to time average shear or pressures and velocity fluctuations.
Pre‐filtering based summarization for data partitioning in distributed stream processing

Load balancing among the processing elements (PEs) of distributed stream processing system (DSPS) is a key issue in the presence of data skewness. Existing data partitioning schemes for DSPS suffer from the scalability problem and system in‐efficiency. Non‐key based partitioning strategies raise prohibitively high memory overhead for the stateful operations with a large number of keys and high data parallelism, while the key‐based schemes introduce load imbalance for highly skewed data. Predicting the nature of stream data in advance can help to reduce the load imbalance among the PEs of DSPS. For this purpose, the heavy hitter algorithms approximate the hot items of streaming data. However, existing designs suffer from unsatisfied prediction accuracy. In this work, we propose an efficient algorithm to filter hot items in a stream of incoming data. The proposed scheme dynamically monitors the items of a stream and greatly improves the accuracy of estimation by keeping the actual key‐value pair for the frequent items. On one hand, to ensure better load balancing for the skewed data streams, the detected hot keys are directed to more than two PEs randomly from the limited workers. On the other hand, for less frequent keys, the proposed scheme explores the principle of the power of two choices to distribute load. We conduct extensive experiments on both real‐world and synthetic data sets. The results show that the proposed pre‐filtering approach significantly outperforms existing designs in terms of prediction accuracy. The results also show that our design achieves a more balanced load as compared to the existing designs.
Simplified, Cost Effective, and Accurate Calculation of Critical Wavelength via the MATLAB Software

The use of sunscreens in our daily lives to reduce UV exposure on our skin is a good measure against photoaging. However, the current active ingredients in the market are not able to cover the entire spectrum range of UVA and UVB. Therefore, broader spectrum compounds are constantly being searched by cosmetic companies to replace the commercially available UV filters. In this study, an experimental model utilizing the MATLAB software was developed to measure a compound’s critical wavelength (λc). The purpose of this research was to ease the cost and speed up the screening of bioactive compounds for photoprotective properties while maintaining accuracy in the process. In this paper, the measurement of caffeic acid, gallic acid, and pinocembrin’s critical wavelength in the MATLAB software was explained in a step-by-step guide. This was done to create an understandable and executable procedure for future researchers to utilize. Subsequently, from the results, the critical wavelength of caffeic acid, gallic acid, and pinocembrin was 378.2nm, 324.6nm, and 364.8nm, respectively. This shows that caffeic acid has the broadest absorbance spectrum, followed by pinocembrin, and finally gallic acid. Thus, it may be possible that caffeic acid might have stronger photoprotective abilities as compared to pinocembrin and gallic acid, based on its critical wavelength.
Analysis and Design of Automated Transport and Path Planning for Robots in Cluttered Environments using Novel Hybrid Average Genetic-Neural Control Technique

In the current investigation on automated transport and navigational path planning of robots, a new Hybrid Average Genetic-Neural (HAGN) technique has been developed. The HAGN technique uses genetic algorithm and multi layered neural technique as important parts for its development. The robots are equipped with several sensors to map the surrounding environments and to recognize the obstacles and targets around. During the navigation robots take into account front, left and right obstacle distances obtained from sensors to negotiate with obstacles and reach targets with the help of HAGN technique. To prove authenticity of the proposed method several simulation and experimental exercises have been carried out. Comparisons between simulation and experimental results are presented in pictorial and tabular forms. The deviation between simulation and experimental results are found to be within 2.8%. Other engineering applications can also be addressed using HAGN AI technique.
G protein-coupled estrogen receptor GPR30 exerts vasoprotective effects in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice

Introduction GPR30 is an intracellular transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor that mediates non-genomic estrogen signaling. The GPR30 agonist G-1 modulates glucose homeostasis and vascular function. However, its impact on vascular inflammation and atherogenesis has not yet been investigated in the atherosclerotic apolipoprotein E-deficient(ApoE-/-) mouse model. Material and methods ApoE-/mice were fed a high-cholesterol diet for 7 weeks while being treated with the selective GPR30 agonist G-1 (n=6-7). After the treatment period, vascular relaxation capacity, vascular oxidative stress, and atherosclerotic plaque burden were assessed. In vitro, reactive oxygen species, expression levels of the angiotensin II type1(AT1) receptor, and proliferation rate were quantified in human coronary artery smooth muscle cells(HCASMC). Results G-1 significantly improved glucose tolerance in vivo (142.2±8.1mg/dl vs. 204.6±13.3mg/dl), G-1 reduced vascular oxidative stress (221±88RLU/s/mg vs.1,983±885RLU/s/mg) and improved endothelium-dependent vasodilation (relaxation to 35.1±4.5% vs.63.0±4.6%). Furthermore, treatment with G-1 significantly reduced the atherosclerotic plaque burden of female ApoE-/mice (56.5±3.7% vs.75.5±2.9%). In vitro, G-1 provoked a significant downregulation of the AT1 receptor in HCASMC (0.67±0.09-fold). Furthermore, G-1 blunted angiotensin II-induced ROS production by HCASMC (817±7RLU/s/mg vs.1,625±105 RLU/s/mg) and diminished HCASMC proliferation (-26.8±2.7% vs.+50.4±1.7%). Conclusions Selective GPR30 activation improves glucose tolerance in vivo and decreases vascular ROS production in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, the antioxidant effect might be mediated by downregulation of the AT1 receptor. In vivo, the antioxidant effect of G-1 is associated with an improved endothelial function and a reduced atherosclerotic plaque burden in ApoE-deficient mice, indicating beneficial vascular effects of GPR30 activation. GPR30 agonism might thus be a compelling treatment strategy against atherosclerosis. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org) P e ri t
Who’s to Fear? Implicit Sexual Threat Pre and Post the “Refugee Crisis”

ABSTRACT The perceived sexual threat of ethnic outgroups has been argued to contribute to anti-immigrant attitudes within societies. The current study investigates to what extent news media might contribute to such negative outgroup perceptions by analyzing implicit sexual threat associations in Dutch news. The study draws on a sample of more than two million news articles published between 2008 and 2018 in five major Dutch newspapers. To identify implicit bias in this corpus, we use word embeddings—an advanced language modeling technique in Natural Language Processing (NLP). The results show that ethnic outgroups (i.e., nationalities that were most prominently represented among asylum applications in the Netherlands during the refugee crisis) are associated more strongly with sexual threat than ethnic ingroups. These findings proved robust across a diverse set of outgroups and ingroup nationalities and names, and point to the existence of considerable implicit bias in the coverage of ethnic minorities. Moreover, the sexual threat associated with Arabic names has grown stronger since the “refugee crisis”. Such implicit biases reflect and potentially reinforces individuals’ implicit associations between ethnic minorities and sexual threat, potentially explaining growing anti-immigration attitudes, especially since the refugee crisis.
An Approximation Scheme for Data Monetization

The unprecedented rate at which data are being generated has led to the growth of data markets where valuable data sets are bought and sold. A salient feature of this market is that a data‐buyer (agent) is endowed with multidimensional private information, namely, her “ideal” record that she values the most and how her valuation for a given record changes as its distance from her ideal record changes. Consequently, the revenue‐maximization problem faced by a data‐seller (principal), who serves multiple buyers, is a multidimensional mechanism‐design problem, which is well recognized as being difficult to solve. Our main result in this paper is an approximation scheme that guarantees a revenue within as close a positive amount from the optimal revenue as desired. The scheme generates a posted‐price menu consisting of a set of item–price pairs—each entry in the menu consists of an item, that is, a set of records from the data set, and the price corresponding to that item. As a trade‐off, the length of the menu resulting from the scheme increases as the desired guarantee gets closer to zero. For convenience in practice, data‐sellers may want the ability to limit the length of the menu used by the scheme. To facilitate this, we extend our analysis to obtain a general approximation guarantee corresponding to a menu of any given length. We also demonstrate how the seller can exploit buyers' preferences to generate intuitive and useful rules of thumb for an effective practical implementation of the scheme.
Click chemistry strategies for the accelerated synthesis of functional macromolecules

Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China Department of Organic Materials and Fiber Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California