Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Closure to “A coupled two-dimensional numerical model for rapidly varying flow, sediment transport and bed morphology” by XIN LIU, JULIO ÁNGEL INFANTE SEDANO and ABDOLMAJID MOHAMMADIAN, J. Hydraulic Res. 53(5), 2015, 609–621

The Authors would like to express their appreciation of the constructive comments provided by the Discussers. The clarifications by the Authors are given as follows. In the Introduction section of their paper, the Authors mentioned that physical decoupling and numerical coupling are two important aspects to be considered when simulating rapid bed evolution under shallow water flows, and that their study focuses only on the numerical coupling in order to achieve a stable and accurate numerical method for rapid bed evolution. Compared to previous studies, which are also based on physically decoupled models (Castro Díaz, Fernández-Nieto, & Ferreiro, 2008; Cordier, Le, & Morales de Luna, 2011; Hudson & Sweby, 2003; Murillo & García-Navarro, 2010; Serrano-Pacheco, Murillo, & Garcia-Navarro, 2012), the aim of the Authors’ paper was to develop a novel numerical method which avoids excessive numerical diffusion while maintaining the numerical stability for the rapid bed-load transport. In order to emphasize the superiority of the proposed numerical method through the comparisons, the Authors used the same physically decoupled model as in the previous studies (Castro Díaz et al., 2008; Cordier et al., 2011; Hudson & Sweby, 2003; Murillo & García-Navarro, 2010; Serrano-Pacheco et al., 2012). Therefore, the Authors would like to clarify that, in Liu, Infante Sedano, and Mohammadian (2015) the novel numerical methods are developed for accurately and stably simulating bed-load transport with capacity assumption. No special numerical technique is developed for suspended sediment transport, which is only included for presenting a general water–sediment-bed model. The Authors agree with the Discussers that, in order to consider the physical coupling, additional terms with regards to mass and momentum exchange between sediment and water flow should be considered in the hydrodynamics model. One of such complete physical coupling models can be found in Cao, Pender, Wallis, and Carling (2004) and Wu (2007), i.e.:
On- and off-axis spectral emission features from laser-produced gas breakdown plasmas

Laser-heated gas breakdown plasmas or sparks emit profoundly in the ultraviolet and visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum with contributions from ionic, atomic, and molecular species. Laser created kernels expand into a cold ambient with high velocities during their early lifetime followed by confinement of the plasma kernel and eventually collapse. However, the plasma kernels produced during laser breakdown of gases are also capable of exciting and ionizing the surrounding ambient medium. Two mechanisms can be responsible for excitation and ionization of the surrounding ambient: photoexcitation and ionization by intense ultraviolet emission from the sparks produced during the early times of their creation and/or heating by strong shocks generated by the kernel during its expansion into the ambient. In this study, an investigation is made on the spectral features of on- and off-axis emission of laser-induced plasma breakdown kernels generated in atmospheric pressure conditions with an aim to eluc.
Electromagnetically induced transparency in optical microcavities

Abstract Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is a quantum interference effect arising from different transition pathways of optical fields. Within the transparency window, both absorption and dispersion properties strongly change, which results in extensive applications such as slow light and optical storage. Due to the ultrahigh quality factors, massive production on a chip and convenient all-optical control, optical microcavities provide an ideal platform for realizing EIT. Here we review the principle and recent development of EIT in optical microcavities. We focus on the following three situations. First, for a coupled-cavity system, all-optical EIT appears when the optical modes in different cavities couple to each other. Second, in a single microcavity, all-optical EIT is created when interference happens between two optical modes. Moreover, the mechanical oscillation of the microcavity leads to optomechanically induced transparency. Then the applications of EIT effect in microcavity systems are discussed, including light delay and storage, sensing, and field enhancement. A summary is then given in the final part of the paper.
Application of probiotics for sustainable and environment-friendly aquaculture management - A review

Abstract The sustainable use of scarce natural resources is a significant challenge for the aquaculture industry’s future development. There are several obstacles to future expansion, including problems with fish nutrition and disease management. Aquaculture is a rapidly growing industry that faces challenges in maintaining the sustainability and environmental friendliness of production. Aquatic environments make fish especially susceptible to widespread pathogens, making disease and health management important for sustainable development. The use of probiotics has been proposed as a potential solution to these challenges. Probiotics are live microorganisms that when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host. In aquaculture, probiotics have been shown to improve growth rates, disease resistance, and water quality. Using probiotics to modulate intestinal microbiota is an alternative method of reducing pathogen adhesion and colonization in larval, fry, and juvenile intestines. To increase the proportion of healthy bacteria in the gut, they are administered into a fish diet or water. However, the research on the applications of probiotics in sustainable and environmentally friendly aquaculture is still not fully completed. Further research is needed to address the knowledge gap and to investigate the potential benefits and limitations of probiotics in different aquaculture systems. Areas that need to be addressed include the selection and optimization of probiotics for specific aquaculture species and production systems, the development of effective delivery methods, and the assessment of the long-term effects of probiotic use on the environment and the host. By addressing these areas, probiotics can be integrated into sustainable and environmentally friendly aquaculture practices to support the growth of the industry while minimizing its impact on the environment. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the sources and standards of assortment and actions of microorganisms used in aquaculture as probiotics, whether native or commercial. Additionally, this review examines the mechanisms of action by which probiotics promote fish health and the current state of knowledge on the efficacy of probiotics in immunity, and the interchange between the reproduction and metabolism of probiotics in aquaculture. Overall, this review provides valuable insights for researchers and industry professionals seeking to effectively utilize probiotics in aquaculture.
Evaluation of spontaneous low-frequency oscillations in cerebral hemodynamics with time-series red-green-blue images

The brain relies on a continuous and adequate supply of blood flow, bringing the nutrients that it needs and removing the waste products of metabolism. It is thus one of the most tightly regulated systems in the body, whereby a whole range of mechanisms act to maintain this supply, despite changes in blood pressure etc. Failure of these mechanisms is found in a number of devastating cerebral diseases, including stroke, vascular dementia and brain injury and trauma. Spontaneous contraction and relaxation of arterioles (and in some instances venules) termed vasomotion has been observed in an extensive variety of tissues and species. Vasomotion has a beneficial effect on tissue oxygenation and enhance blood flow. Although vasomotion is strictly a local phenomenon, the regulation of contractile activity of vascular smooth muscle cells is dependent on the complex interplay between vasodilator and vasoconstrictor stimuli from circulating hormones, neurotransmitters, endothelial derived factors, and blood pressure. Therefore, evaluation of the spontaneous oscillations in cerebral vasculatures might be a useful tool for assessing risk and investigating different treatment strategies in neurological disorders, such as traumatic brain injury, seizure, ischemia, and stroke. In the present study, we newly propose a method to visualize the spontaneous low-frequency oscillation of cerebral blood volume based on the sequential RGB images of exposed brain.
Effect Of White Spot Lesion Pretreatment With Silver Diamine Fluoride Compared To Diode Laser On The Shear Bond Strength Of Orthodontic Brackets. An In-Vitro Study

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the impact of silver diamine fluoride and diode laser on the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets in-vitro. Materials and methods: Fifty natural human premolars were used in this study. The sample was randomly divided into five groups (10 teeth in each group) as follows: Group 1: control group with no intervention, group 2: SDF application before enamel etching, group 3: SDF application after enamel etching, group 4: DL application before enamel etching, group 5: DL application after enamel etching. Then the bonding procedure followed. Each specimen was tested to failure in shear mode. After debonding, the adhesive remnant index (ARI) was calculated. Results: The mean shear bond strength of the orthodontic brackets when DL was applied after enamel etching was significantly higher than the other intervention groups but lower than that of the control group. SDF groups and DL group applied before enamel etching had the least mean shear bond strength with no statistically significant difference among them. ARI scores for the different groups indicated no significant differences in their distribution frequencies. Conclusions: SDF and DL maintained high shear bond strength to orthodontic brackets. ARI score showed no statistically significant difference in failure site between all groups.
Capacity value of wind power using kd tree and nearest neighbor search algorithm

Electrical power demand is increasing cumulatively with the increase in population. Economic and environmental impacts restrict the expansion of conventional generation but prompting for intermittent wind sources due to its economic and environmental benefits. But the average capacity value of the wind power is not the same as that of the same rated conventional generation due to its intermittent nature and wind speed dependence. Several definitions of capacity value of wind power are proposed on the basis of reliability evaluation of the system. The estimation of capacity value is not easy as at hourly step wind speed is changing so the power. Therefore, a new procedure is developed here to accumulate all the information like the sequential value of wind power, their reliability indices, and the corresponding capacity values using the capacity value definitions in a single database. To search the capacity value of the wind power, the database is represented in a multidimensional k‐dimensional tree and nearest neighbor search algorithm is implemented. A case study is considered to validate the proposed methodology.
Analyzing continuous randomized response data with an indifference-zone selection procedure

ABSTRACT A review of the randomized response model introduced by Warner (1965) is given, then a randomized response model applicable to continuous data that considers a mixture of two normal distributions is considered. The target here is not to estimate any parameter, but rather to select the population with the best parameter value. This article provides a study on how to choose the best population between k distinct populations using an indifference-zone procedure. Also, this article includes tables for the required sample size needed in order to have a probability of correct selection higher than some specified value in the preference zone for the randomized response model considered.
AI in Higher Education: A Literature Review of ChatGPT and Guidelines for Responsible Implementation

Specifically, natural language models like ChatGPT present numerous advantages and disadvantages for higher education. It was trained on a massive dataset of text from the internet, allowing it to respond to a broad range of prompts. This article covers the use and potential implications of ChatGPT since its release in November 2022. One of the main benefits is the potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to address challenges in learning, such as improving the transfer of knowledge, dispelling misconceptions, and promoting critical thinking skills among students. It also acknowledges concerns about its use in assessments and the potential for academic dishonesty, integrity, and malpractices. In this article, the authors discuss the high level of interest in ChatGPT and its use in education by reviewing the literature about ChatGPT usage. The article provides a set of guidelines and emphasizes the need for further research to fully understand the current practices, challenges, and opportunities of ChatGPT in higher education. The authors conducted a thorough and systematic review of peer-reviewed journal articles to present a theoretical and conceptual perspective on ChatGPT. They acknowledge the possibility of ChatGPT’s hype mirroring that of previous advancements in artificial intelligence, automation, and AI algorithms. The article offers a summary of the research findings, highlighting both the benefits and drawbacks, while also providing practical guidelines for students and teachers on how to utilize ChatGPT effectively.
Estimation of Children Growth Curve Based on Kernel Smoothing in Multi-Response Nonparametric Regression

Physical children growth is measured by using anthropometric measures i.e. weight, height and head circumference. The children around two years old grow rapidly, and than decrease slowly along with increasing of children age. It means that locally model approach is more appropriate to the data. Kernel smoothing is one of estimation methods in nonparametric regression. In this paper, we study about Kernel smoothing in multi-response nonparametric regression model and apply it for estimating children up to five years old growth. The model consists of three response variables i.e. weight, height and head circumference, and age as a predictor variable. For determining optimal bandwidth for each response variable, we use cross-validation method. Based on children data in Surabaya 2010, and the 50 th percentiles estimation of weight, height and head circumference versus age, we obtain the mean squared error value is 0.05583 and coefficient of determination is 99.99%. The estimation model of children growth curve based on multi-respon kernel smoothing shows fluctuation of the curve and gives mean squared error value tends to zero and coefficient of determination tends to one. These facts mean that the estimation has satisfied goodness of fit criterion.
MILLIMETER WAVE SPECTRUM AND ASTRONOMICAL SEARCH FOR VINYL FORMATE

Previous detections of methyl and ethyl formate make other small substituted formates potential candidates for observation in the interstellar medium. Among them, vinyl formate is one of the simplest unsaturated carboxylic ester. The aim of this work is to provide direct experimental frequencies of the ground vibrational state of vinyl formate in a large spectral range for astrophysical use. The room-temperature rotational spectrum of vinyl formate has been measured from 80 to 360 GHz and analyzed in terms of Watson’s semirigid rotor Hamiltonian. Two thousand six hundred transitions within J = 3–88 and Ka = 0–28 were assigned to the most stable conformer of vinyl formate and a new set of spectroscopic constants was accurately determined. Spectral features of vinyl formate were then searched for in Orion KL, Sgr B2(N), B1-b, and TMC-1 molecular clouds. Upper limits to the column density of vinyl formate are provided.
The relationship between project management and digital transformation: Systematic literature review

ABSTRACT Purpose: This article aims to investigate the relationship between project management (PM) and digital transformation (DT) in organizations. Originality/value: This article contributes to expanding the knowledge of the relationship between PM and DT, indicating that PM and its different approaches are used strategically to enable DT implementation in organizations. In addition, it is evidenced that DT demands individuals with technical and behavioral competencies to work in innovative and rapid organizational, cultural, and technological contexts arising from adopting new digital technologies. Design/methodology/approach: The research is characterized as exploratory with a qualitative approach. The methodology adopted was the systematic literature review and sought to understand the relationship and convergence between PM and DT. The research was carried out broadly, and the articles were selected on the Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar bases, forming the analysis corpus with 104 articles published from 2015 to 2020. Findings: The results converged in the composition of four factors: competencies; strategy; digital technologies; and portfolio, programs, and projects, demonstrating the evolutionary and adaptive capacity of PM to support major changes such as DT.
A Preliminary Study of the Effect of Ionospheric Scintillation on WAAS User Availability in Equatorial Regions

While Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) user performance is expected meet aviation requirements under most conditions, infrequent ionospheric anomalies may result in significant degradation at certain times and locations. Scintillation, caused by local ionospheric plasma anomalies that intercept the path of GPS signals, can cause severe signal fades and phase vacillations that may lead to loss of signal lock or increased measurement errors. The degree to which scintillation will affect user availability is not well known, however, and detailed models of scintillation phenomena are limited by the sparse amount of data available. To evaluate the threat that scintillation may pose to WAAS users, existing scintillation models have been adapted to provide probability distributions for signal amplitude and phase variations. Samples from these distributions are fed into a simplified receiver simulation that outputs the probability of losing signal lock given a specified nominal signal-to-noise ratio. These results are integrated with an existing WAAS Service Volume Model (SVM) to assess the resulting user availability for an example WAAS network covering South America. The results indicate that in susceptible locations, moderate scintillation results in a high probability of loss-of-lock for low-elevation satellites, and strong scintillation does the same for higher-elevation satellites. The problem is particularly bad for codeless L2 tracking used by existing WAAS networks to generate ionosphere measurements. However, when compared to the case of large ionosphere delays without scintillation, precision approach availability is not much worse because these periods have higher ionosphere errors and thus signifi-cantly diminished availability relative to nominal ionosphere conditions. Non-precision applications of WAAS retain high availability even under scintillation. Better assessments of the effect of scintillation on WAAS will be possible once data from the upcoming solar peak in 2000-01 is delivered by the National Satellite Testbed (NSTB) and by Phase 1 WAAS reference stations.
Politicisation, business lobbying, and the design of preferential trade agreements

Abstract Our paper addresses the question of how governments respond to the politicisation of preferential trade agreements (PTA). How have governments responded to business interest mobilisation while negotiating PTAs? Moreover, if there has been an increase in the salience of a trade agreement, has this changed the government response? First, we assess politicisation in terms of the mobilisation patterns of private sector interests during PTA negotiations. Our central argument is that governments liberalise more when a broad range of business interests involving a large number of sectors mobilise in response to trade negotiations, as this would provide legitimacy to their policy positions. Second, we study governments’ reactions to the level of salience of the trade agreement at hand. We argue that governments liberalise less when the agreement in question is highly salient and provokes increased public debate. We take an actor-centred and comparative approach to our research questions and use a novel dataset of 157 PTAs covering the period from 2005 to 2018. Both of our hypotheses are supported by our analysis. Our results also reveal an important difference between PTA ‘depth’ and ‘rigidity’, which are often perceived as closely correlated in assessing trade openness.
Explanation of the Quantum-Mechanical Particle-Wave Duality through the Emission of Watt-Less Gravitational Waves by the Dirac Equation

Abstract An explanation of the quantum-mechanical particle-wave duality is given by the watt-less emission of gravitational waves from a particle described by the Dirac equation. This explanation is possible through the existence of negative energy, and hence negative mass solutions of Einstein’s gravitational field equations. They permit to understand the Dirac equation as the equation for a gravitationally bound positive–negative mass (pole–dipole particle) two-body configuration, with the mass of the Dirac particle equal to the positive mass of the gravitational field binding the positive with the negative mass particle, and with the mass particles making a luminal “Zitterbewegung” (quivering motion), emitting a watt-less oscillating positive–negative space curvature wave. It is shown that this thusly produced “Zitterbewegung” reproduces the quantum potential of the Madelung-transformed Schrödinger equation. The watt-less gravitational wave emitted by the quivering particles is conjectured to be de Broglie’s pilot wave. The hypothesised connection of the Dirac equation to gravitational wave physics could, with the failure to detect gravitational waves by the LIGO antennas and pulsar timing arrays, give a clue to extended theories of gravity, or a correction of astrophysical models for the generation of such waves.
Clinical profile of patients with acute pancreatitis

Background: Acute pancreatitis is a serious condition that can involve the surrounding tissues and remote organ systems. The mortality rate for severe acute pancreatitis ranges from 2% to 10%, and the condition can be diagnosed based on abdominal pain consistent with acute pancreatitis, elevated serum lipase or amylase activity, and characteristic findings on imaging tests such as contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) scan. Aims and objectives: The present study aimed to study the clinical profile of acute pancreatitis and complications of acute pancreatitis. Methodology: The study included 200 participants and was conducted retrospectively over a period of one year. Patients of all ages and genders who were clinically diagnosed with acute pancreatitis, and confirmed through ultrasound or CT scans, were eligible for inclusion. However, cases with incomplete documentation, as well as those with chronic pancreatitis or pancreatic malignancy, were excluded from the study. Conclusion: Acute pancreatitis is a significant contributor to increased morbidity and mortality in society. The clinical evaluation of patients, along with their radiological findings, has been shown to be closely associated with morbidity