Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Three-Phase Single-Stage Three-Port High-Frequency Isolated DC–AC Converter

In order to further improve the integration of the ac-grid-connected hybrid energy storage system, a novel three-phase single-stage three-port high-frequency isolated dc–ac converter is proposed in this article. This converter connects two dc ports and one ac port via a three-winding transformer, saving one ac-side port. The ac-side port uses the matrix converter and the dc-side ports use the interleaved parallel boost converter, which has the advantages of low dc-side current ripple and wide voltage range. The proposed converter achieves galvanic isolation and bidirectional power conversion with the single-stage structure to improve the integration of the converter. A hybrid pulse width modulation plus space vector phase-shift modulation is proposed to achieve the direct control of the ac side current synthesizing vector and, thus, ensures the sinusoidal three-phase currents. On this basis, the relationship between the control freedoms is constrained with the optimization objective of minimizing the root-mean-square value of the transformer resonant current; thus, the efficiency of the converter is improved. The correctness and the effectiveness of the proposed converter and the corresponding modulation are verified by the detailed experimental results.
Nasal colonazation in relatively healthy children by clinical examination in Al-Zahraa teaching hospital in Al-Najaf City

Background: Nasal colonization by bacterial pathogens is linked to the risk of invasive infections, which are a leading cause of mortality in children globally. While viruses are the primary cause of respiratory tract infections (RTIs), bacteria contribute to localized infections such as sinusitis, pneumonia, and meningitis. Most colonization remains asymptomatic but can become invasive in vulnerable hosts. Study Objective: The goal of this study was to screen for asymptomatic nasal colonization by potential bacterial pathogens and analyze the correlation between carriage rate and various socio-demographic factors. Patients and Method: This cross-sectional study involved healthy children to examine nasal carriage of bacterial pathogens. The study was conducted at the laboratory unit in Al-Zahra Teaching Hospital for Maternity and Children in Al Najaf city, Iraq, from January to October 2016. Nasal swabs were tested for five prevalent bacterial pathogens: Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Staphylococcus aureus. A total of 100 healthy children (1-< 12 years old) were included, and bacteria were identified using standard techniques. Results: The overall carriage rate of nasal pathogens was 33%, with Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus accounting for 11% and 22%, respectively. The study found no statistically significant differences between age, gender, residency, social level, and attendance concerning the carriage of these two bacteria. Conclusions: The study revealed nasal colonization of common pathogenic bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae. However, no significant relationships were found between nasal swab results and age, gender, residency, social level, and attendance, as all p-values were greater than 0.05.
Influence of length of polymer aggregation on turbulent friction drag reduction effect

Paper No.16-00653 © 2017 The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers [DOI: 10.1299/jfst.2017jfst0013] Abstract The influence of the length of polymer aggregation on the turbulent drag reduction effect is investigated through numerical simulation. Polymer aggregation is modeled using a bead-spring chain model, which is a discrete element model. Simulations are carried out for different total natural lengths of the model at a friction Reynolds number of 180, and the numerical results for different spring constants by Fujimura et al. (2016) are analyzed. In addition, the time scale of the model, which corresponds to relaxation time, is investigated using oscillating Couette flow. Relaxation time increases as the total natural length increases and the spring constant decreases, and the drag reduction rate in turbulent channel flow increases with relaxation time. In the present study, it is determined that relaxation time is correlated with the length of the elongated model in turbulent channel flow. The relation between the drag reduction rate and the length of the elongated model can be expressed by a logarithmic function. According to the relational expression, it is expected that the drag reduction effect occurs when the length of the elongated model is longer than the diameter of vortical structures. In the visualization of turbulent flow field, it can be observed that longer models exhibit strong energy dissipation through interaction with the fluid, and suppress velocity fluctuations.
Tourism Recommendation System using complex network approaches

The amount of available data on the web has grown exponentially, mostly due to the emergence of the Collaborative Internet, in mid-2006, which turns the process of obtaining information into a hard task. This way, several computational techniques have been used in order to automate the exploitation and analysis of data, such as Text Mining techniques, Topic Modeling (TM), which establishes relationships between text documents and discussion topics through the present words, and Sentiment Analysis (SA), whose objective is to identify sentences' polarity; Complex Networks modeling, which seek to capture the dynamics of complex systems, present in social networks; and Recommendation Systems, which assist with decision making and whose operation resides in the suggestion of items that have not yet been evaluated by a user, such as traveling to a new place or trying another meal from a menu. The Tourism scenario is also included in the context of massive data generation and advances in techniques to deal with them. In this case, specialized travel platforms, like Tripadvisor, have a major role since they concentrate a large amount of data about users and their experience in Points-of-Interest (POI). Therefore, this work proposes a new approach to a predictive model for POI recommendation systems based on the construction of a Complex Network and the use of specific techniques for its structural analysis. The city chosen to validate these objectives was the city of Tiradentes, Minas Gerais, whose geographic proximity and tourism-oriented economy make it a good choice. The results obtained show that a predictive model based on Complex Networks does not overcome the error obtained by baseline algorithms, however, it brings a good ranking correlation between what was predicted and the real result, which makes it a good option for recommendation systems.
Parking Time Violation Tracking Using YOLOv8 and Tracking Algorithms

The major problem in Thailand related to parking is time violation. Vehicles are not allowed to park for more than a specified amount of time. Implementation of closed-circuit television (CCTV) surveillance cameras along with human labor is the present remedy. However, this paper presents an approach that can introduce a low-cost time violation tracking system using CCTV, Deep Learning models, and object tracking algorithms. This approach is fairly new because of its appliance of the SOTA detection technique, object tracking approach, and time boundary implementations. YOLOv8, along with the DeepSORT/OC-SORT algorithm, is utilized for the detection and tracking that allows us to set a timer and track the time violation. Using the same apparatus along with Deep Learning models and algorithms has produced a better system with better performance. The performance of both tracking algorithms was well depicted in the results, obtaining MOTA scores of (1.0, 1.0, 0.96, 0.90) and (1, 0.76, 0.90, 0.83) in four different surveillance data for DeepSORT and OC-SORT, respectively.
When will a changing climate outpace adaptive evolution?

Decades of research have illuminated the underlying ingredients that determine the scope of evolutionary responses to climate change. The field of evolutionary biology therefore stands ready to take what it has learned about influences upon the rate of adaptive evolution—such as population demography, generation time, and standing genetic variation—and apply it to assess if and how populations can evolve fast enough to “keep pace” with climate change. Here, our review highlights what the field of evolutionary biology can contribute and what it still needs to learn to provide more mechanistic predictions of the winners and losers of climate change. We begin by developing broad predictions for contemporary evolution to climate change based on theory. We then discuss methods for assessing climate‐driven contemporary evolution, including quantitative genetic studies, experimental evolution, and space‐for‐time substitutions. After providing this mechanism‐focused overview of both the evidence for evolutionary responses to climate change and more specifically, evolving to keep pace with climate change, we next consider the factors that limit actual evolutionary responses. In this context, we consider the dual role of phenotypic plasticity in facilitating but also impeding evolutionary change. Finally, we detail how a deeper consideration of evolutionary constraints can improve forecasts of responses to climate change and therefore also inform conservation and management decisions.
Why MagNet: Quantifying the Complexity of Modeling Power Magnetic Material Characteristics

This article motivates the development of sophisticated data-driven models for power magnetic material characteristics. Core losses and hysteresis loops are critical information in the design process of power magnetics, yet the physics behind them is not fully understood or directly applicable. Both losses and hysteresis loops change for each magnetic material and depend heavily on electrical operating conditions (e.g., waveform, frequency, amplitude, and dc bias), mechanical properties (e.g., pressure and vibration), temperature, and geometry of the magnetic components, and in a nonlinear and coupled fashion. Understanding the complex and intertwined relationship these factors have on core loss is important for the development of accurate models and their applicability and limitations. Existing studies on power magnetics are usually developed based on a small amount of data and do not reveal the full magnetic behavior across a wide range of operating conditions. In this article, based on a recently developed large-scale open-source database—MagNet—the core losses and hysteresis loops of Mn–Zn ferrites are analyzed over a wide range of amplitudes, frequencies, waveform shapes, dc bias levels, and temperatures, to quantify the complexity of modeling magnetic core losses, amplitude permeability, and hysteresis loops and provide guidelines for modeling power magnetics with data-driven methods.
Postpartum IUD insertion: Best practices

mdedge.com/obgyn Vol. 35 No. 6 | June 2023 | OBG Management 23 CASE 1 Multiparous female with shortinterval pregnancies desires contraception A 24-year-old woman (G4P3) presents for a routine prenatal visit in the third trimester. Her last 2 pregnancies have occurred within 3 months of her prior birth. She endorses feeling overwhelmed with having 4 children under the age of 5 years, and she specifies that she would like to avoid another pregnancy for several years. She plans to breast and bottle feed, and she notes that she tends to forget to take pills. When you look back at her prior charts, you note that she did not return for her last 2 postpartum visits. What can you offer her? What would be a safe contraceptive option for her?
Preclinical Evaluation of Long-Acting Emtricitabine Semi-Solid Prodrug Nanoparticle Formulations

Long-acting injectable (LAI) formulations promise to deliver patient benefits by overcoming issues associated with non-adherence. A preclinical assessment of semi-solid prodrug nanoparticle (SSPN) LAI formulations of emtricitabine (FTC) is reported here. Pharmacokinetics over 28 days were assessed in Wistar rats, New Zealand white rabbits, and Balb/C mice following intramuscular injection. Two lead formulations were assessed for the prevention of an HIV infection in NSG-cmah−/− humanised mice to ensure antiviral activities were as anticipated according to the pharmacokinetics. Cmax was reached by 12, 48, and 24 h in rats, rabbits, and mice, respectively. Plasma concentrations were below the limit of detection (2 ng/mL) by 21 days in rats and rabbits, and 28 days in mice. Mice treated with SSPN formulations demonstrated undetectable viral loads (700 copies/mL detection limit), and HIV RNA remained undetectable 28 days post-infection in plasma, spleen, lung, and liver. The in vivo data presented here demonstrate that the combined prodrug/SSPN approach can provide a dramatically extended pharmacokinetic half-life across multiple preclinical species. Species differences in renal clearance of FTC mean that longer exposures are likely to be achievable in humans than in preclinical models.
Rural–Urban Disparities in Multimorbidity Associated With Climate Change and Air Pollution: A Longitudinal Analysis Among Chinese Adults Aged 45+

Abstract Background and Objectives Chronic conditions and multimorbidity are increasing worldwide. Yet, understanding the relationship between climate change, air pollution, and longitudinal changes in multimorbidity is limited. Here, we examined the effects of sociodemographic and environmental risk factors in multimorbidity among adults aged 45+ and compared the rural–urban disparities in multimorbidity. Research Design and Methods Data on the number of chronic conditions (up to 14), sociodemographic, and environmental factors were collected in 4 waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2011–2018), linked with the full-coverage particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) concentration data set (2000–2018) and temperature records (2000–2018). Air pollution was assessed by the moving average of PM2.5 concentrations in 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 years; temperature was measured by 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-year moving average and their corresponding coefficients of variation. We used the growth curve modeling approach to examine the relationship between climate change, air pollution, and multimorbidity, and conducted a set of stratified analyses to study the rural–urban disparities in multimorbidity related to temperature and PM2.5 exposure. Results We found the higher PM2.5 concentrations and rising temperature were associated with higher multimorbidity, especially in the longer period. Stratified analyses further show the rural–urban disparity in multimorbidity: Rural respondents have a higher prevalence of multimorbidity related to rising temperature, whereas PM2.5-related multimorbidity is more severe among urban ones. We also found temperature is more harmful to multimorbidity than PM2.5 exposure, but PM2.5 exposure or temperature is not associated with the rate of multimorbidity increase with age. Discussion and Implications Our findings indicate that there is a significant relationship between climate change, air pollution, and multimorbidity, but this relationship is not equally distributed in the rural–urban settings in China. The findings highlight the importance of planning interventions and policies to deal with rising temperature and air pollution, especially for rural individuals.
Generalized Strichartz Inequalities for the Wave Equation

Abstract We make a synthetic exposition of the generalized Strichartz inequalities for the wave equation obtained in [6] together with the limiting cases recently obtained in [13] with as simple proofs as possible. The proofs combine stationary phase estimates, dyadic decompositions, the Hardy-Littlewood inequality or the Holder inequality in time, and abstract duality and interpolation arguments.
Organic Fertilizer from Amino Acid and Eco-Enzyme Combinations for Repairing Plant Metabolism

At Gadog Fresh, eco-enzymes and amino acids are the revolutionary combination of liquid organic fertilizers used to attain a zero-waste lifestyle. This research determined the effect of various liquid organic fertilizers on improving the metabolism of leek plants. This research was conducted at the Gadog Farm. The method applied liquid organic fertilizers from eco-enzymes and chicken eggs in the treatment labeled K, P1, P2, and P3 with various doses of 0.0; 2.5; 5.0; and 7.5 mL/L into spring onions. It was applied as much as 250 mL four times every seven days. The results obtained were plant height, namely 36.45; 47.63; 41.52; 42.62; stem diameter 7.30; 8.92; 10.42; 9.42; and dry weight percent 7.07; 7.38; 9.05; 7.09. The increase in height, diameter, and dry weight showed that liquid organic fertilizer applications improved the metabolism of leek plants. However, variations in the concentration of liquid organic fertilizer did not significantly affect all research points.
Nonlinear effects during interaction of femtosecond doughnut-shaped laser pulses with glasses: overcoming intensity clamping

Interaction of femtosecond laser pulses with a bulk glass (fused silica as an example) has been studied numerically based on non-linear Maxwell’s equations supplemented by the hydrodynamics-type equations for free electron plasma for the cases of Gaussian linearly-polarized and doughnut-shaped radially-polarized laser beams. For Gaussian pulses focused inside glass (800 nm wavelength, 45 fs duration, numerical aperture of 0.25), the free electron density in the laser-excited region remains subcritical while the locally absorbed energy density does not exceed ~2000 J/cm3 in the range of pulse energies of 200 nJ – 2 μJ. For doughnut-shaped pulses, the initial high-intensity ring of light is shrinking upon focusing. Upon reaching a certain ionization level on its way, the light ring splits into two branches, one of which shrinks swiftly toward the beam axis well before the geometrical focus, leading to generation of supercritical free electron density. The second branch represents the laser light scattered by the electron plasma away from the beam axis. The final laserexcited volume represents a tube of 0.5–1 μm in radius and 10-15 μm long. The local maximum of absorbed energy can be more than 10 times higher compared to the case of Gaussian beams of the same energy. The corresponding pressure levels have been evaluated. It is anticipated that, in the case of doughnut-shaped pulses, the tube-like shape of the deposited energy should lead to implosion of material that can be used for improving the direct writing of high-refractive index optical structures inside glass or for achieving extreme thermodynamic states of matter.
A Survey of Public IoT Datasets for Network Security Research

Publicly available datasets are an indispensable tool for researchers, as they allow testing new algorithms on a wide range of different scenarios and making scientific experiments verifiable and reproducible. Research in IoT security is no exception. In particular, the design of traffic classification and intrusion detection solutions for network security relies on network traces obtained from real networks or realistic testbeds. In this paper, we provide a detailed survey on the existing datasets containing IoT network traffic. We classify them according to several features that help researchers quickly find the datasets that fit their specific needs. In total, we survey 74 datasets that we found by analyzing more than 100 scientific articles. We also discuss the weaknesses of existing datasets, identify challenges, and point to future directions for creating new IoT datasets.
Do language-specific word meanings shape sensory and motor brain systems? The relevance of semantic typology to cognitive neuroscience

With the aim of exploring some connections between semantic typology and cognitive neuroscience, this paper focuses on the following simple but provocative argument: (i) Premise 1 (from semantic typology): Concrete word meanings vary greatly across languages. (ii) Premise 2 (from cognitive neuroscience): Concrete word meanings are, to a large extent, grounded in sensory and motor brain systems. (iii) Inference: The high-level representations in one’s sensory and motor brain systems are shaped, in part, by the typologically unique lexical-semantic properties of one’s language.
Finite‐time boundary stabilization of reaction‐diffusion systems

In this paper, the problem of boundary finite‐time stabilization is considered for reaction‐diffusion systems (RDSs). First, a full‐domain controller is designed, and sufficient conditions are given to ensure finite‐time stability of RDSs under the designed controller. Then, for practical applications, a boundary controller is designed to obtain finite‐time stability. By virtue of the finite‐time stability lemma, criteria are presented to guarantee the finite‐time stability of RDSs for the Neumann boundary conditions and the mixed boundary conditions. As an extension to uncertain RDSs, robust finite‐time stabilization is studied, and criterion is obtained under the boundary control. Numerical simulations verify the effectiveness of the proposed design techniques.
Safety Flight Envelope Calculation and Protection Control of UAV Based on Disturbance Observer

In this paper, an attainable-equilibrium-set-based safety flight envelope (SFE) calculation method and a prescribed-performance-control-based SFE protection scheme are proposed for the attitude dynamic of a unmanned air vehicle (UAV) in the presence of external disturbances. To estimate the unknown external disturbances and their derivatives, a higher order disturbance observer (HODO) is developed. The definition and calculation of the SFE based on attainable equilibrium set (AES) under disturbances are studied. A safety desired trajectory based on the time-varying safety margin function and the first-order filter is developed to ensure the flight safety of UAV. A SFE protection controller is proposed based on the safety desired trajectory, backstepping method, HODO, and prescribed performance (PP) control technique. The stability of the closed-loop system is proved by the Lyapunov function method and the effectiveness of the SFE protection control law is verified by simulation.