Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identificação do perfil químico das raízes de Euterpe oleracea Mart. empregando CG-EM

Euterpe oleracea Mart. é uma importante palmeira cujas infusões de suas raízes são empregadas na medicina tradicional para o tratamento de várias doenças. Nesta perspectiva, este trabalho tem como objetivo investigar o perfil químico das raízes desta espécie, variedade açaí preto. As extrações, a transesterificação, a digestão e as reações de derivatização com BSTFA+1%TMCS foram realizadas com agitação assistida por ultrassom. Os concentrados foram analisados por CG-EM, empregando uma coluna capilar ZB-5HT INFERNO (30m x 0,25mm x 0,10 µm). De acordo com os resultados, foi possível identificar o perfil químico das raízes de Euterpe oleracea Mart, onde foram encontrados ácidos graxos insaturados, como o ácido oleico e palmitoleico, e ácidos fenólicos, como o ácido vanílico, p-cumárico, cafeico e 4-hidroxibenzoico. A descrição do perfil metabólico nas raízes de E. oleracea Mart. abre perspectiva de investigação do uso destas raízes e suas possíveis atividades biológicas.
Mechanical Factors Implicated in Zirconia Implant Fracture Placed within the Anterior Region—A Systematic Review

Background: To analyze the fracture resistance of zirconia implants within the anterior region and evaluate whether zirconia–zirconia implants can be a viable alternative to titanium implants. Methods: Four online databases (Cochrane Library, Ovid, PubMed, and Scopus) were searched for the period of January 2011 to July 2021. All studies that analyzed the in vivo clinical outcome of two-piece implants in the anterior region in English language were included. Results: The search strategy identified 242 studies. Of these studies, three studies were included for qualitative synthesis based on the pre-determined eligibility criteria. The results showed that there is significant difference in biological results, fractal behavior and other complications between one-piece and two-piece zirconia implants. Two-piece zirconia implants demonstrated favorable longevity and success rates within anterior maxillary in short-term trials. Conclusions: Although factors involved in fractures have been identified—sandblasting, implant diameter, occlusal load, age and implant coating—there is limited quantitative assessment to gauge the fracture resistance of two-piece zirconia implants. Hence, further research with long-term clinical evidence is required.
Dynamic Self-organization in an Open Reaction Network as the Fundamental Principle for the Emergence of Life

The emergence of life on the earth has attracted intense attention but still remained an unsolved question. A key problem is that it has been left unclear why a living organism can have self-organizing ability leading to highly ordered structures and evolutionary behavior. This work reveals by computer simulation and experiments that a stationary state of an open reaction network really has such self-organizing ability. The point is that reaction and diffusion processes are irreversible and always forced to approach equilibrium. Therefore, a network of such irreversible processes necessarily reaches a fully-balanced stationary state and moreover a stationary state thus formed is firmly stabilized by them and kept stable against fluctuation, namely it has self-organizing ability. Dynamic self-organization revealed in this work is realized with no special mechanism such as autocatalysis and can act as the fundamental principle of evolution toward highly ordered structures and the emergence of life.
Long-Term Effects of Hearing Aid Use on Auditory Spectral Discrimination and Temporal Envelope Sensitivity and Speech Perception in Noise

Abstract Background : The aims of this study were to evaluate the long-term effects of hearing-aid use on auditory spectral discrimination, temporal envelope sensitivity, and speech perception ability and to determine whether hearing performance changes with the duration of hearing-aid use. Methods: The study included 13 elderly participants (64.15 ± 9.87 years) who had used hearing-aids for 12 months in everyday life. We compared the auditory performance without hearing-aids at the time of pre-fitting with the auditory performance with hearing-aids at 1 month and 12 months after fitting. Three different psychoacoustic measurements were made at their most comfortable levels to exclude the effect of amplification: (1) spectral-ripple discrimination, (2) temporal modulation detection, and (3) speech recognition in white noise. Results: Repeated-measures analysis of variance demonstrated that the duration of hearing-aid use significantly affected spectral-ripple discrimination thresholds and 100 Hz temporal modulation detection threshold (P < .05). Post hoc tests revealed that the improvements in spectral discrimination in the early post-fitting stage (1 month) did not seem to increase over the period of hearing-aid use, whereas the temporal envelope sensitivity improved continuously over time (up to 12 months). Conclusion: These results imply that hearing-aid users adapt to hearing-aid processing for spectral discrimination immediately, whereas they need time to adapt to hearing-aid processing for temporal envelope sensitivity. Alternatively, long-term hearing-aid use could induce positive plastic changes exclusively in terms of temporal envelope sensitivity.
Altered local gyrification and functional connectivity in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with mild cognitive impairment: A pilot cross-sectional small-scale single center study

Aims This research aimed to explore alterations in the local gyrification index (GI) and resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods In this study, 126 T2DM patients with MCI (T2DM-MCI), 154 T2DM patients with normal cognition (T2DM-NC), and 167 healthy controls (HC) were recruited. All subjects underwent a battery of neuropsychological tests. A multimodal approach combining surface-based morphometry (SBM) and seed-based RSFC was used to determine the structural and functional alterations in patients with T2DM-MCI. The relationships among the GI, RSFC, cognitive ability, and clinical variables were characterized. Results Compared with the T2DM-NC group and HC group, T2DM-MCI patients showed significantly reduced GI in the bilateral insular cortex. Decreased RSFC was found between the left insula and right precuneus, and the right superior frontal gyrus (SFG). The altered GI was correlated with T2DM duration, global cognition, and episodic memory. The mediation effects of RSFC on the association between GI and cognition were not statistically significant. Conclusion Our results suggest that GI may serve as a novel neuroimaging biomarker to predict T2DM-related MCI and help us to improve the understanding of the neuropathological effects of T2DM-related MCI.
Microstructure, Physical and Mechanical Properties of Adobes Stabilized with Rice Husks

ABSTRACT The main objective of this study was to manufacture resistant, durable adobes having low thermal conductivity. For this purpose, a moderately plastic clayey soil from Korsimoro (Burkina Faso) was used to manufacture adobes reinforced with up to 1 wt. % of rice husks. The chemical and microstructural characteristics of the rice husks were evaluated, as were the physical, mechanical and microstructural characteristics of the adobes that were manufactured. The incorporation of rice husks in the clayey matrix increased the compressive strength of adobes and decreased their thermal conductivity. From a durability point of view, the addition of rice husks in adobes decreases the capillary absorption and improves the resistance to water erosion, due to the good adhesion of rice husks with the clayey matrix. According to standards related to building materials, adobes manufactured with at most 0.4 wt. % are suitable for the construction of resistant and durable dwellings that provide acceptable thermal comfort.
Jenis dan Efek Complementary Therapy dalam Menurunkan Tekanan Intra Okular (TIO) pada Pasien Glaukoma: A Systematic Review

Galukoma merupakan salah satu penyebab utama kebutaan permanen diseluruh dunia dan diprediksi akan mengalami peningkatan pada tahun 2040 menjadi 111.8 juta orang. Peningkatan TIO merupakan salah satu penyebab utama terjadinya glaukoma. Saat ini, pengobatan glaukoma berfokus pada penurunan TIO dengan terapi farmakologis dan intervensi bedah. Namun, penggunaan terapi anti-glaukoma seringkali sulit dilakukan karena membutuhkan komitmen seumur hidup serta adanya efek samping pengobatan. Intervensi Complementary therapy dapat juga mengurangi efek samping pengobatan, mengurangi stress dan berperan dalam menurunkan TIO pada pasien glaukoma. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis dan efek complementary therapy dalam menurunkan tekanan intra okular pada pasien glaukoma. Desain yang digunakan adalah systematic review. Pencarian menggunakan lima database PubMed, ProQuest, Ebsco, Chocrane Library dan Google Scholar, selain itu dilakukan secondary searching untuk mengidentifikasi jenis dan efek complementary therapy yang dapat menurunkan TIO pada pasien glaukoma, dipublikasikan 10 tahun terakhir (2010-2020), full text, desain studi RCT dan berbahasa Inggris. Hasil penelitian ini ditemukan sebelas studi yang diinklusi dan direview. Dari ulasan tersebut ada tiga klasifikasi complementary therapy yang ditemukan yaitu Energy Therapy (akupuntur, akupresur dan TENS) yang bermanfaat dalam menurunkan TIO dengan menurunkan aktivitas sistem saraf simpatis, Mind-Body Spirit Therapy (musik dan meditasi) yang berperan dalam menurunkan kortisol dan meningkatkan endorphin yang berkorelasi dalam penurunan TIO, Biological Based Therapies (ekstrak saffron) sebagai antioksidan dan pelindung saraf, mengurangi spesies oksigen reaktif dan menghambat kematian sel Trabecular Meshwork yang berperan dalam pengurangan TIO. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini, Complementary Therapy dapat digunakan sebagai tambahan pengobatan konvensional dalam menurunkan TIO pada pasien glaukoma.
MÉTODO ALTERNATIVO PARA CÁLCULO DE PARÂMETROS NÃO- HIPERÊMICOS PARA AVALIAÇÃO DA GRAVIDADE DE LESÕES CORONARIANAS

The Pulse Transmission Coefficient (PTC) has been proposed as a non-hyperemic parameter for the assessment of the flow-limiting nature of coronary stenoses. It is based on the energy of high- frequency components of intracoronary pressure signals. This paper describes a new method for the calculation of PTC using the distal and proximal pressure pulses information in more comprehensive way. A wavelet-based delineator was used to select the dicrotic notch, where high-frequency components are more evident. We present preliminary findings from 5 lesions showing encouraging results with the new method, improving the correlation with the gold standard Fractional Flow Reserve compared with traditional PTC.
Two-Electron Quantum Dots with Parabolic Confinement (Low Lying Para- and Ortho-States)

Three low lying energy levels of a 3D two-electron quantum dot (QD) with parabolic confinement are obtained by the variational method. The proposed interpolation formulas for the variation parameters allow one to recover the energy levels in a wide range of the Coulomb interaction constant. The quantum states of the QD are divided into the para- and ortho-states like in the theory of helium atom. The quantum transitions from the ortho-state to the para-state are possible only with account of the spin-orbit interaction. At low temperatures, an ensemble of two-electron QDs contains dots in the ground para-state and in the first excitedortho-state, which is metastable. These QDs have the entangled spin wave functions that are related to the Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen (EPR) states desirable for the quantum information protocol.
CORPORATE INTEGRITY AND ORGANISATIONAL EFFECTIVENSS: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM BANKS IN NIGERIA

The increasing trend of frauds, financial scandals, bankruptcies and other related unethical practices have spurred a critical evaluation of the issue of corporate integrity in Nigeria Banking Industry. The degree to which corporate integrity has effects on performance of firms remains unclear because of the predominant theoretical perspective in explaining the positive implications of corporate integrity on orgnaisational performance. Thus, the objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of corporate integrity on organisational performance, with specific reference to banks in Nigeria. The study adopted survey research design. The study population comprised 2,723 knowledge workers of quoted banks in Nigeria. Purposive sampling technique was used to select 337 respondents from the population. The research instrument was validated using content validity test, and the Cronbach Alpha was used to test the internal consistency of the research instrument. Two hypotheses were tested using the inferential statistics (regression analysis). The first hypothesis revealed that procedure compliance systems (internal control mechanism) have effect on organisational effectiveness of banks in Nigeria. The second hypothesis revealed that organisational culture has significant influence on organisational effectiveness of banks in Nigeria. The study recommended among others that banks should formulate and communicate well-thought out ethical and integrity policies that encourage transparency to employees with clearly stated consequences in the case of non-compliance. Also, regulatory agencies should as a matter of urgency evaluate each company in the banking industry with respect to their internal control procedures.
Antioxidants and Free Radical Scavengers of Natural Origin

Natural compounds with antioxidative properties which have been reported from plant, microbial or animal sources are reviewed. Antioxidants have been found within most natural substance classes. Flavonoids are by far the most comprehensively investigated natural products. Reactivity towards various radicals has been studied under many experimental conditions and structure-activity relationships have been established. Tannins, coumarins and, more recently, xanthones have also been investigated in some detail. Studies on alkaloids have concentrated so far mostly on benzylisoquinoline alkaloids. At the same time, particular interest has been provided by some plant species or genera normally consumed as food or spices. Curcuminoids isolated from various Curcuma have shown potent antioxidant properties. Phenolic diterpenes from Rosmarinus officina/is possess very promising activity. The exceptional stability of sesame oil from Sesamum indicum led to the isolation of sesamol, together with several bisfuranyl lignans. The search for new natural antioxidants is not confined to higher plants. A great variety of metabolites including in particular phenazine and carbazole derivatives have been isolated from Streptomycetes or fungal strains. Several active compounds, among others porphyrins, hydroquinones, chromenes and complex indole alkaloids have been isolated from tunicates, bivalves and marine algae.
EFFECT OF SOME CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND BIOCIDES ON Cercospora LEAF SPOT DISEASE OF SUGAR BEET

Cercospora leaf spot of sugar beet plants (Beta vulgaris L.) caused by Cercospora beticola Sacc. is one of the most serious foliar disease of sugar beet worldwide. Efficacy of five chemical compounds, i.e. Boric acid, Zink sulphate, Calcium chelate, Potassium bicarbonate and Salicylic acid, two biocides (Bio ARC and Blite stop) and score fungicide beside untreated treatment (control) were tested in the fields of two locations, New Nubariya County and Kafr El-Sheikh County under natural infection. Three spraying programs were utilized. For the first program, plants were sprayed twice, at 60 and 90 days after planting. In the second program, plants were sprayed twice, at 90 and at120 days after planting, while plants of the third program were sprayed three times at 60, 90 and at 120 days after planting. The results showed that all the tested materials exhibited a different degree at efficiency for the disease severity percentage and sucrose percentage, extractability percentage, root yield and sugar yield in comparison with the control treatment. Score fungicide gave the best results compared to all the tested materials ، biocide Bio-ARC recorded disease severity (8.58%) followed by Blite stop (as a new Egyptian commercial bio-product) (12.27%). Salicylic acid was the best tested chemical inducer (9.36%) followed by Potassium bicarbonate (10.35 %); Calcium chelate (11.43 %); Boric acid (13.56%) and Zink sulphate (16.62%) as compared with (23.4 %) for control treatment. Spraying at 60,90 and 120 days after planting gave the best results of all the measurements, where sugar yield recorded (2.97 ton/fed) while the spraying at 90 and 120 days gave (2.47 ton/fed). New Nubariya plants were the best of the disease tolerance, root yield and sugar yield while sucrose (%) and extractability (%) was not affected by the location. We found an increase of leaf content of free, conjugated and total phenols as a result of spraying with the chemical compounds and the biocides, also we found an increase in the activity of peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase.
Evaluation of the Effects of Mouthwash on the Morphology and Cell Viability of Osteoblast-Like Cells

This study evaluated the effects of multiple mouthwashes on the cellular viability or the morphology of preosteoblasts. Mouse calvarial osteoblast-like cells were cultured and treated with mouthwashes of (1) benzydamine hydrochloride; (2) cetylpyridinium chloride and benzalkonium chloride; (3) methyl salicylate, menthol, eucalyptol, and thymol; and (4) sodium fluoride, xylitol, and chitosan. The treatment times were 30 seconds, 90 seconds, and 270 seconds. Cell morphology was evaluated with a microscope, and the viability of the treated cells was analyzed quantitatively using a commercially available kit. The untreated control group exhibited well-stretched fibroblast-like morphology. Treatment with mouthwash resulted in morphological changes in all groups. Treatment with sodium fluoride resulted in more noticeable changes. Treatment with mouthwash for 30 seconds produced a significant decrease in cell viability. An increase in time to 90 and 270 seconds did not produce additional noticeable changes. To conclude, commercially available mouthwashes created changes in cell morphology and decreased the cell viability of osteoblast-like cells irrespective of ingredients and treatment time.
Homology conditions for RT surfaces in double holography

Recently, a novel formula for computing entropy in theories coupled to semi-classical gravity has been devised. Using this so-called island formula the entropy of semi-classical black holes follows a Page curve. Here, we study the relation between this novel entropy and semi-classical entropy in the context of doubly-holographic models. Double holography allows for two different d-dimensional descriptions of a black hole coupled to a non-gravitational bath, both of which allow a holographic computation of von Neumann entropy in bath subregions. We argue that the correct homology constraint for Ryu–Takayanagi surfaces depends on which of those d-dimensional perspectives is taken. As a consequence the von Neumann entropies of a fixed subregion in both descriptions can disagree. We discuss how the von Neumann entropies in both descriptions are related to the entropy computed by the island formula and coarse grained entropy. Moreover, we argue that the way operators transform between the two descriptions depends on their complexity. A simple toy model is introduced to demonstrate that a sufficiently complicated map between two descriptions of the system can give rise to an island formula and wormholes. Lastly, we speculate about the relation between double-holography and black hole complementarity.
Factors Associated with Linkage to Care following Community-Level Identification of HIV-Positive Clients in Lira District

Background. Community HIV testing helps to increase access to high-risk groups who are less likely to visit a clinic for a test. A large proportion of people identified with HIV following community-based testing are not easily linked to care compared to facility-based identified cases. There is a paucity of literature on linkage to HIV care and its predictors particularly following community-based testing in a rural setting. We assessed the level of linkage to the care of HIV-positive individuals and associated factors following community-level identification in Lira district. Method. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Lira district employing mixed methods among HIV-positive adults identified in the communities. Quantitative data were collected from 329 randomly selected study participants using interviewer-administered questionnaires. Key informant interview guide was used to collect qualitative data. The data were double entered, cleaned, and analyzed using SPSS version 23. Odds ratios and confidence intervals were used to assess the association between predictors of linkage with HIV care. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic content analysis. Results. The respondents were aged between 18 and 85 years with a mean age of 42.9 (SD = 11.6). The level of linkage to HIV care following community-level identification of HIV testing in Lira district was 98% (95% CI 96.07–99.33). Clients who self-initiated the HIV testing were more likely to link to HIV care than their counterparts (AOR = 9.03; 95% CI 1.271–64.218, p = 0.028 ). Key informants identified factors influencing linkage to care as health education, counseling, follow-up, and family support. Fear of stigma, disclosure, denial, and distance to facility were reported as barriers to linkage. Conclusion/Recommendation. The level of linkage to HIV care following community identification was found to be excellent (98%). Predictors to linkage to care included self-initiated testing, positive perception of distance, and waiting time at health facilities. We recommend health education, counseling, follow-up, and family support as interventions to strengthen successfully linking to care.
Dolutegravir/rilpivirine 2-drug regimen comparable to commonly prescribed 3-drug regimens up to 18-months in a real-world setting

Background This study compared the effectiveness and durability of DTG/RPV with commonly prescribed 3-drug regimens (3-DR) in people living with HIV (PLWH) in a real-world setting. Methods Antiretroviral therapy (ART)-experienced, virologically suppressed PLWH who initiated DTG/RPV or a 3-DR in 2018 were identified in the OPERA® database and followed through 6/30/2019. Virologic failure (two consecutive viral loads (VL) ≥ 200 copies/mL or single VL ≥ 200 copies/mL with regimen modification/discontinuation) and maintained virologic suppression (last VL test < 50 or < 200 copies/mL) were described. Kaplan–Meier methods were used to estimate time to virologic failure and treatment discontinuation. Risk of virologic failure was adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, risk of infection, region, baseline CD4 cell count, history of substance abuse or syphilis, and mortality risk score at baseline in a Cox model. Results PLWH initiating DTG/RPV were older and more likely to be Hispanic or have comorbidities than 3-DR initiators. DTG/RPV users experienced fewer discontinuations (15%) and were more likely to be suppressed at study end (98%) than 3-DR users (28% and 96%, respectively). Virologic failure was uncommon; rates per 100 person-years did not differ between the DTG/RPV (1.45, 95% CI: 0.69, 3.03) and 3-DR (2.63, 95% CI: 2.21, 3.14) groups. The risk of virologic failure did not differ significantly between the groups in adjusted Cox models (adjusted hazard ratio 1.32, 95% CI: 0.61, 2.89). Conclusions The findings of this real-world OPERA® study suggest that DTG/RPV can be a viable alternative to standard 3-DRs for ART-experienced, virologically suppressed PLWH.