Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ensemble-Based Information Retrieval With Mass Estimation for Hyperspectral Target Detection

Given the prior information of the target, hyperspectral target detection focuses on exploiting spectral differences to separate objects of interest from the background, which can be treated as information retrieval (IR) task in machine learning (ML). Most traditional detection methods work in the original feature space and rely heavily on specific assumptions, which cannot guarantee effective extraction of features for the target and background in hyperspectral images (HSIs). Mass estimation (ME) is a base modeling mechanism that has been proven to effectively solve problems in IR and is not restricted by specific assumptions. In this article, we propose a novel target detection method through ensemble-based IR with ME (EIRME). By directly deriving the ordering from a sample set to rank data points, ME provides a simple and straightforward ranking measure to ensure that points similar to the given target are far away from dissimilar points. For the estimation of mass distribution, the proposed method utilizes a tree-structured mapping to generate a feature space, in which the separability of the target and background is further improved. In particular, to break through the technical difficulty that the direct migration of IR methods with mass measure cannot specifically meet the high-precision requirements of target detection in HSIs, we develop a specialized measurement, topological mass, which innovatively combines the mass measure with tree topology to quantify the spectral difference for detection output. Moreover, the IR with ME based on parallel measurements through ensemble trees provides a robust solution with better generalization capacity and higher precision for hyperspectral target detection, facilitating practical applications. Experimental results on benchmark HSI datasets prove that the specialized measurement that we developed successfully overcomes the drawbacks of the direct migration of IR methods with ME and exhibits unique advantages. In addition, comparisons with the most classic and advanced detection algorithms demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method.
Determination of the Distribution of Relaxation Times by Means of Pulse Evaluation for Offline and Online Diagnosis of Lithium-Ion Batteries

The distribution of relaxation times (DRT) analysis of impedance spectra is a proven method to determine the number of occurring polarization processes in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), their polarization contributions and characteristic time constants. Direct measurement of a spectrum by means of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), however, suffers from a high expenditure of time for low-frequency impedances and a lack of general availability in most online applications. In this study, a method is presented to derive the DRT by evaluating the relaxation voltage after a current pulse. The method was experimentally validated using both EIS and the proposed pulse evaluation to determine the DRT of automotive pouch-cells and an aging study was carried out. The DRT derived from time domain data provided improved resolution of processes with large time constants and therefore enabled changes in low-frequency impedance and the correlated degradation mechanisms to be identified. One of the polarization contributions identified could be determined as an indicator for the potential risk of plating. The novel, general approach for batteries was tested with a sampling rate of 10 Hz and only requires relaxation periods. Therefore, the method is applicable in battery management systems and contributes to improving the reliability and safety of LIBs.
Bioinformatic Analysis of Key Genes Related to Tumor Microenvironment in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Background: Tumor microenvironment (TME) plays important roles in the development of different types of cancer. However, the critical regulatory members of TME related to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unclear. In this study, a bioinformatic analysis based on Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Estimation of STromal and Immune cells in Malignant Tumor tissues using Expression data (ESTIMATE) datasets was conducted to predict the key genes affecting TME in HCC.Material and Methods: First, 340 patients and 20531 genes’ expression data with ESTIMATE scores were filtered and combined to identify differentially expressed genes. Next, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and functional enrichment analysis were conducted to find hub genes. Then, log-rank test and functional enrichment analysis were conducted on the consensus genes and hub genes. Finally, Kaplan-Meier curves of the hub genes were drawn. As verification, those genes were searched on Oncomine database.Results: Among all differentially expressed genes, 916 genes were expressed in both the immune and stromal groups. The Gene Ontology (GO) terms they enriched were T cell activation, leukocyte migration, collagen-containing matrix, external side of plasma membrane, receptor ligand and activator activity. Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction was the most significant Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) term. Furthermore, cd3e, cd3g, hla-dpa1, hla-dpb1, lck, and map4k1 hub genes were low expressed in 304 patients, participating in a variety of responses including immune response−activating cell surface receptor signaling, immune response−activating signal transduction, clathrin−coated vesicle membrane, immune receptor activity， peptide binding and amide binding pathways. Their low expression was also verified on Oncomine database.Conclusion: cd3e, cd3g, hla-dpa1, hla-dpb1, lck, and map4k1 participated in many aspects related to TME, and their low expression constructs a signature, may predict a poor 5 years’ survival in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Comparative effectiveness of Metarhizium rileyi, novaluron, and glyphosate on immune system, development, and redox metabolism of Anticarsia gemmatalis

Anticarsia gemmatalis is one of the most important pests in world soybean crop. The most common intervention is the application of agrochemicals, such as novaluron and glyphosate. Among biological control agents, much attention has been drawn to entomopathogenic fungi, as Metarhizium rileyi. Here, we examined the changes that occur in the immune system (total and differential hemocyte count), secondary effects (caterpillar morphology), and oxidative metabolism after the caterpillars were exposed to M. rileyi, novaluron or glyphosate. M. rileyi was able to induce changes in the width, length, and weight of A. gemmatalis pupae, along with an increased in the number of defense cells. Novaluron prompt changes the insect’s immunity, and glyphosate caused milder immunological effects. However, it caused significant secondary effects including malformations in pupae and adults, and an increase in nitric oxide (NO) levels. Mortality observed when treating insects with novaluron and malformations due to glyphosate treatments did not occur due to oxidative stress. However, when insects were exposed to M. rileyi, we verified significantly increased levels of NO and concluded that these insects died due to oxidative stress. Our data provide evidence that contributes to better understanding the mechanism of herbicide-fungus interaction in the management of Anticarsia gemmatalis.
EIPPM - The Executable Integrative Product-Production Model

In this paper, a combination of graph-based design and simulation-based engineering (SBE) into a new concept called Executable Integrative Product-Production Model (EIPPM) is elaborated. Today, the first collaborative process in engineering for all mechatronic disciplines is the virtual commissioning phase. The authors see a hitherto untapped potential for the earlier, integrated and iterative use of SBE for the development of production systems (PS). Seamless generation of and exchange between Model-, Software- and Hardware-in-the-Loop simulations is necessary. Feedback from simulation results will go into the design decisions after each iteration. The presented approach combines knowledge of the domain “PSs” together with the knowledge of the corresponding “product” using a so called Graph-based Design Language (GBDL). Its central data model, which represents the entire life cycle of product and PS, results of an automatic translation step in a compiler. Since the execution of the GBDL can be repeated as often as desired with modified boundary conditions (e.g., through feedback), a design of experiment is made possible, whereby unconventional solutions are also considered. The novel concept aims at the following advantages: Consistent linking of all mechatronic disciplines through a data model (graph) from the project start, automatic design cycles exploring multiple variants for optimized product-PS combinations, automatic generation of simulation models starting with the planning phase and feedback from simulation-based optimization back into the data model.
Epidemiology study of cardiac arrest in the Fokidas geographical region

Epidemiologically, the incidence of sudden cardiac death in the general population ranges from 0.36-1.28 per 1000 people, in specific sub populations such as patients with a history of coronary heart disease or heart failure with ejection fraction <30%, in survivors after heart failure and in patients who develop ventricular arrhythmias after myocardial infarction are much larger. The risk of sudden cardiac death is 4-7 times higher in men than in premenopausal women, due to the protective effect of estrogen. After menopause, the risk for women gradually increases and ultimately there is no difference between the two sexes.
Ecosystem water use efficiency response to drought over southwest China

Drought is showing an increasing trend as a result of the significant variation in precipitation and temperature in China. This study investigated the impacts of drought on ecosystem water use efficiency (WUE) in southwest China. The spatiotemporal distribution of drought and ecosystem WUE were analysed through integrated approaches based on observed climate and satellite remote sensing datasets to understand the response of ecosystem WUE to drought. Also, the impacts of climatic variables on gross primary productivity (GPP), evapotranspiration (ET) and WUE have been discussed. More than 30% of the total area can be categorized as suffering moderate drought. Six drought events (autumn 2006, autumn 2009, winter 2010, summer 2011, autumn 2011 and winter 2013) were identified during the period of 2001–2016. The average monthly WUE was 2.37 gC/kgH2O, showing a decreasing trend under the combined effects of drought and other environmental factors. Autumn 2006 exhibited the highest significant positive effect of drought on WUE on more than 80% of the total area that concentrated in the forest, shrubland, savanna and agriculture ecosystems. The results of this study have implications for ecosystem management and climate policy making that could allow implementing feasible water use strategies under a warming climate.
The Effect of Fault Architecture on Slip Behavior in Shale Revealed by Distributed Fiber Optic Strain Sensing

We use Distributed Strain Sensing (DSS) through Brillouin scattering measurements to characterize the reactivation of a fault zone in shale (Opalinus clay), caused by the excavation of a gallery at ∼400 m depth in the Mont Terri Underground Laboratory (Switzerland). DSS fibers are cemented behind casing in six boreholes cross‐cutting the fault zone. We compare the DSS data with co‐located measurements of displacement from a chain potentiometer and a three‐dimensional displacement sensor (SIMFIP). DSS proves to be able to detect in‐ and off‐fault strain variations induced by the gallery excavated 30–50 m away. The total permanent displacement of the fault is ∼200 microns at rates up to 1.5 nm/s. DSS is sensitive to longitudinal and shear strain with measurements showing that fault shear is concentrated at the top and bottom interfaces of the fault zone with little deformation within the fault zone itself. Such a localized pattern of strain relates to the architecture of the fault that is characterized by a thick “layer” including an anastomosing network of polished surfaces where clay‐rich rock splits into progressively smaller flakes conferring the entire zone very little cohesion and friction (weak zone), and favoring slipping at the edges of the “layer”. Overall, DSS shows that slow slip may activate everywhere there is a weak fault within a shale series. Thus, our work demonstrates the importance of shear strain on faults caused by remote loading, highlighting the utility of DSS systems to detect and quantify these effects at large reservoir scales.
What’s It Like Inside the Hive? Managerial Discretion Drives TMT Gender Diversity of Women-Led Firms

Do women promote other women? We investigate this question through the lens of gender role theory and managerial discretion. While the trickle-down effect suggests that women in positions of power are likely to promote other women, the queen bee phenomenon indicates that senior women distance themselves from other women. We argue these two conflicting perspectives have developed because (a) much of the literature has considered the influence of board gender representation on top management team (TMT) gender representation, ignoring the role of the CEO, and (b) an important tenet of the queen bee phenomenon has been overlooked in that women who perceive an ability to challenge traditional gender norms are less likely to engage in queen bee behavior. Thus, we suggest women CEOs, who are in a unique position of both importance and isolation, are less likely to promote other women to the TMT due to the gendered context in which they are employed, but as the CEO’s capacity to enact change (i.e., managerial discretion) increases, so too does their ability to challenge traditional gender norms. More specifically, we hypothesize and find that while the presence of women CEOs negatively relates to the proportion of women on the TMT, this relationship is weakened by CEO power, lack of board vigilance, and environmental munificence. Post hoc analyses demonstrated that while a trickle-down effect occurs from the board to the TMT, these mechanisms may not exist at the CEO-TMT interface, highlighting the importance of considering the role of CEO discretion in enhancing executive gender diversity.
A Redox-Neutral, Two-Enzyme Cascade for the Production of Malate and Gluconate from Pyruvate and Glucose

A triple mutant of NADP(H)-dependent malate dehydrogenase from thermotolerant Thermococcus kodakarensis has an altered cofactor preference for NAD+, as well as improved malate production compared to wildtype malate dehydrogenase. By combining mutant malate dehydrogenase with glucose dehydrogenase from Sulfolobus solfataricus and NAD+/NADH in a closed reaction environment, gluconate and malate could be produced from pyruvate and glucose. After 3 h, the yield of malate was 15.96 mM. These data demonstrate the feasibility of a closed system capable of cofactor regeneration in the production of platform chemicals.
The role of bone‐modifying agents in myeloma bone disease

Bone disease is common in patients with multiple myeloma (MM), which manifests as bone pain and skeletal‐related events (SREs) such as pathological fractures and spinal cord compression. Myeloma bone disease (MBD) can adversely affect the quality of life of patients and have negative effects on morbidity and mortality. The pathogenesis of MBD is complex, and several factors are involved in the dysregulation of bone metabolism and uncoupling of bone remodeling, which result in net bone loss and devastating SREs. Broadly speaking, elevated osteoclast activity, suppressed osteoblast activity, and an aberrant marrow microenvironment play a role in MBD. Interaction of MM cells with the main bone cell osteocytes also promote further bone destruction. This review focuses on the role of bone‐modifying agents in the prevention and treatment of MBD. The mainstay of MBD prevention are antiresorptive agents, bisphosphonates and denosumab. However, these agents do not play a direct role in bone formation and repair of existing MBD. Newer agents with anabolic effects such as anti‐sclerostin antibodies, parathyroid hormone, anti‐Dickkopf‐1 antibodies, and others have shown potential in repair of MBD lesions. With the development of several new agents, the treatment landscape of MBD is likely to evolve in the coming years. © 2021 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
A NEW GENERALIZATION OF M-METRIC SPACE WITH SOME FIXED POINT THEOREMS

In this paper, we introduce a new sequential space as a generalization of M − metricspaces and M b − metric spaces. In this generalized space we define two contractive mappings namely m − contraction and m − quasi-contraction and prove some fixed point theorems for such type of mappings. Several illustrative examples have been presented in strengthening the hypothesis of our theorems.
Rookie Tourism Destinations—The Effects of Attractiveness Factors on Destination Image and Revisit Intention with the Satisfaction Mediation Effect

Emerging tourism destinations repeatedly face many managerial challenges, often leading to common pitfalls and rookie mistakes. The current study aims to analyze relationships between destination attractiveness factors (Destination Amenities, Tourism Infrastructure and Accessibility, Active Family Destination, Hospitality and Services, and Social–Safety–Economic Values), satisfaction, destination image, and revisit intentions to test a mediating role of satisfaction between destination attractiveness factors and both destination image and revisit choices within so-called rookie destinations. For this purpose, a quantitative study was carried out using a questionnaire as an instrument for data collection. Data were collected from a sample of 2030 visitors to Serbia. Structural equation modeling (SEM) in R was applied to analyze the data. The results revealed the positive direct effects of destination attractiveness factors on satisfaction, destination image, and revisit intentions. Moreover, the research confirmed the mediating role of satisfaction in the relationship between destination attractiveness and destination image, and revisit intentions. The results are further discussed from the perspective of emerging tourism destinations to make their management more sustainable for the future and mitigate the repetition of rookie mistakes.
Oral squamous cell carcinomas developing from oral lichen planus: Do they differ in recurrence and metastatic potential?

Background: Due to the low proportion of squamous cell carcinomas of the oral cavity (OSCC) developing from oral lichen planus (OLP-OSCC) there is only little data regarding the frequency of lymph node metastasis and clinical characteristics such as relapse and outcome in this sub-entity. Therefore, a retrospective analysis of OLP- OSCC was performed. Methods: In a retrospective monocenter analysis, all consecutive patients with an OSCC treated in the time period 2000 to 2016 were composed. All patients with an OSCC developing from OLP/ OLLs were identified and analyzed for epidemiological data, risk profile, location of primary tumor, pTNM classification, lymph node metastasis, primary therapy, recurrence, and outcome. Results: A total of 103 patients (45%♂/ 55%♀) with an average age of 62 ± 14y were included in this study. At the time of initial diagnosis, 17% (n = 18) of patients had cervical metastases (CM) whereas only 11% (11 patients) displayed advanced tumor sizes (T > 2). T-status (p = 0.003) and histopathological grading (p = 0.001) had an impact on the incidence of CM. 39.6% of the patients developed a relapse after an average of 24 months with a mean of two recurrences per patient. Advanced tumor size had a significant impact on the 5-year overall survival and was associated with disease free survival of the patients (p < 0.001, respectively p = 0.004). Conclusion: Even if initial lymph node metastases were not found more frequent, more aggressive recurrence patterns compared to OSCC could be demonstrated for OLP-OSCC. Therefore, a modified recall for these patients might be necessary.
Impact of Online Dating Apps on Young Adults Dating Anxiety and Loneliness

In today’s era where there is an extensive usage of Internet and social media, even dating has also become a part of it. The most interesting development of modern world is the invention of online dating apps wherein finding a potential partner for a romantic relationship is just a matter of swiping right and left. Dating apps are becoming more and more popular amongst young adults as it is more convenient to search for a potential partner through online dating apps. Despite its easy way of communicating with people to find a partner for dating, it somewhere lacks an element of social interaction or expression which is an essential part of any kind of relationship which might lead to social anxiety when it comes to interacting with that person on a face-to-face basis. Loneliness and boredom can also lead to rise in usage of dating apps. The current study aims to find the motivation behind using the online dating apps and its impact on young adults dating anxiety and loneliness. The study was conducted on 66 young adults (33 males and 33 females). Standardized scales of motivation behind using online dating apps, dating anxiety and loneliness were administered on participants. The results found no gender difference in males and females. Although it was believed that males are more active on online dating apps than females but the results found were contradicting, indicating no gender difference in males and females. Dating apps are considered favorable by young adults because of its easy access, anonymity and lesser emotional exhaustion.
Vznik holistického konceptu marketingu v rámci marketingové orientace - ověření nového nástroje měření

The current study examines the most modern approach of the marketing concept, the socalled holistic marketing concept in small and medium-sized Hungarian enterprises in the food industry. The study attempts to match the holistic marketing concept to the construction of market orientation. The most widely accepted approaches of market orientation (behavioural and cultural) derive from the marketing concept, and they identify how the organisation tries to adopt the marketing concept during its operation. The research is based on a questionnaire survey of 150 companies. To examine the validity of the scale, the following calculations were performed: Cronbach’s alpha, the composite reliability index, McDonald’s omega, the Fornell-Larcker criterion and the CFA analysis. After the validation process, the authors found four dimensions. They are as follows: Internal Marketing, Integrated Marketing, Relationship Marketing and Societal Marketing. According to the authors, the holistic marketing concept can be a new approach of market orientation which can model, in a more suitable way, the modern and changed market conditions to measure and examine the adopted level of market orientation.