Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Losses Loom Larger Than Gains: Neural Correlates Of Behavioral Gain-Loss Asymmetry

sometimes produced reinforcers and sometimes punishers are presented as points subsequently exchanged for money. Their design included two alternating conditions. In one condition, a pair of reinforcement schedules were concurrently available. The ratio of reinforcer frequencies was adjusted systematically. The other condition consisted of the same pairs of reinforcement schedules, but a schedule of punishment was overlaid onto one of the reinforcement schedules [15]. The authors reasoned that, in this way, they could measure the effect of punishers as the difference in the response ratios when punishers were delivered on one of the alternatives and when punishers were absent from both alternatives. They concluded that the mean asymmetry ratio was approximately 3:1 (loss:gain) on average. He asserted that “the brain’s response to variations of probabilities is strikingly similar to the decision weights estimated from choices” [16]. The electroencephalograph (EEG) may be used to record scalp visual-evoked potentials (VEPs), including event-related potentials [17,5,9] reported that “Research on the neuroscientific basis of loss aversion has identified several critical neural components, suggesting a model of loss aversion in the human brain and providing links to the neuroscience of affect” [14]. They reviewed several loss-aversion studies of young adults and adults and found that the means loss aversion (computationally formalized as a multiplicative weight on losses relative to gains) in their model, were between 1.3 and Abstract We measured the asymmetry of monetary gains and losses behaviorally using a computer game during which we simultaneously recorded participants’ electroencephalographic activity. The behavioral measures demonstrated that, on average, losses loomed larger than gains did (3.2:1). Event-related potentials, particularly the P300, had significantly greater mean amplitudes when losses occurred compared to gains (1.99:1) and correlated directly with the behavioral asymmetry we measured in the game (r = 0.85).
Evaluating the Trade-offs of Diversity-Based Test Prioritization: An Experiment

— Background: Different test prioritization techniques detect faults at earlier stages of test execution. To this end, Diversity-based techniques (DBT) have been cost-effective by prioritizing the most dissimilar test cases to maintain effectiveness and coverage with lower resources at different stages of the software development life cycle, called levels of testing (LoT). Diversity is measured on static test speciﬁcations to convey how different test cases are from one another. However, there is little research on DBT applied to semantic similarities of words within tests. Moreover, diversity has been extensively studied within individual LoT (unit, integration and system), but the trade-offs of such techniques across different levels are not well understood. Objective and Methodology: This paper aims to reveal relationships between DBT and the LoT, as well as to compare and evaluate the cost-effectiveness and coverage of different diversity measures, namely Jaccard’s Index, Levenshtein, Normalized Compression Distance (NCD), and Semantic Similarity (SS). We perform an experiment on the test suites of 7 open source projects on the unit level, 1 industrial project on the integration level, and 4 industry projects on the system level (where one project is used on both system and integration levels). Results: Our results show that SS increases test coverage for system-level tests, and the differences in failure detection rate of each diversity increase as more prioritised tests execute. In terms of execution time, we report that Jaccard is the fastest, whereas Levenshtein is the slowest and, in some cases, simply infeasible to run. In contrast, Levenshtein detects more failures on integration level, and Jaccard more on system level. Conclusion: Future work can be done on SS to be implemented on code artefacts, as well as including other DBT in the comparison. Suspected test suite properties that seem to affect DBT performance can be investigated in greater detail.
HISTOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF THE SMOKELESS TOBACCO ON THE GLOMERULI OF THE KIDNEYS OF THE FEMALE ALBINO RATS

The use of smokeless form of tobacco has increased worldwide. Its consumption is associated with increased frequencies of chronic diseases like diabetes, Ischemic heart diseases, hepatic disorders, cerebrovascular accidents and many other morbid conditions. Use of tobacco in any form either inhaled/smoked or chewed/pouch/snus form leads to the absorption of nicotine which spontaneously moves into the bloodstream. Once it enters the bloodstream it is circulated throughout the body systems. Hence through this study an effort is being made to evaluate the effects produced by the locally available brand of smokeless tobacco on the glomeruli of the kidneys of the female Swiss albino rats. Quasi experimental study design was selected. The study was conducted in Sindh Agricultural University, Tandojam. The lab work was carried out in Isra University Hyderabad. 30 adult female Swiss albino rats were randomly selected and were placed into three groups (n=10). Group A were kept as control. Experimental Groups B&C consisted of rats which were given 5 %& 10% of smokeless tobacco along with the lab chow diet. The feed and water were provided ad libitum. The animals were sacrificed on 31 st day by cervical dislocation. The kidneys were removed and weighed. The specimens were processed routinely for examination under light microscope using H & E stains. A significant decrease in the weight of the kidneys was observed (P value ≤ 0.001). The glomeruli of both B & C groups showed interstitial edema, increased cellularity, apoptosis and enlargement of the Bowman ’ space when compared with the glomeruli of the control group.It can be inferred that the exposure of female Swiss albino rats to the smokeless form of tobacco is associated with structural damage of the glomeruli. significant decrease in absolute organ weight of was observed in female rats of the high-dose group compared with the control group. p ± On
Rule Based Privacy Preservation Method for Medical Data Sets

: Data mining is an important domain used to find interesting pattern or knowledge from databases, data warehouses and other information repositories. Data privacy is often challenged when multiple parties share data. Privacy preservation in data mining is a new paradigm which can address this issue. Collaborative data mining is used in various healthcare data sets like, hypothyroid, breast cancer and heart. It helps in identifying patterns or knowledge to address potential issues in those domains but the parties do not wish to share their original data with others as it breaches their privacy. In this research, the implementation of the most robust privacy preservation feature in data mining has been made and in addition, the system is most efficient and accurate with the implementation of the RBPPDM classification algorithm. The results obtained have illustrated comparatively better among other existing techniques like ID3 and C4.5.
Extreme undercooling (down to 90 K) of liquid metal nanoparticles

Low-melting-point metal nanoparticles show remarkable undercoolings: exceptional values ΔT∕Tm≅0.5 were previously reported for confined Ga droplets in the 100–1000nm range. This was considered a characteristic limiting temperature for Ga. We here give evidence that Ga nanoparticles in the 3–15nm range can be undercooled at least down to 90K (ΔT∕Tm⩾0.7) without crystallization. Since computations and experiments on clusters with <50 atoms show on the contrary the signatures of melting at temperatures well above the bulk value, the result is particularly relevant in stressing the importance of interfacial and finite-size effects on the thermodynamics of the nanoscale.
The Miracle Substitution: How and Why It Works

The leather-wrapped steering wheel of the present invention is provided with a ring portion which is gripped at the time of steering. The ring portion includes a core, a covering layer which covers the core and leather which covers the covering layer. The covering layer includes an annular groove in the circumferential direction of the cross section of the ring portion. The leather is constituted such that binding strings are disposed at the distal edges of the leather in the surface circumferencial direction of the ring portion, and the distal edges are fitted into the annular grooves so as to cover the covering layer. The distal edges of the leather are disposed in the annular grooves together with the binding strings and are fitted into the annular grooves by pulling and tying both ends of the binding strings to each other.
Semantic enrichment and exploration process on domain specific digital libraries

With the growing number of scientific publications, the concept of navigating effectively and searching for domain specific information is rather significant and highly important for the scientific community [2]. For instance, to search by topics, research methods, used datasets, or scientific objectives. Such deep meta-data increase our perception for a given domain (i.e. Data Processing Pipelines) and facilitate us to understand and visualize the evolution of research topics and venues over time. Nevertheless, the extraction of such deep meta-data from text-based documents is notorious challenging and demanding due to the unstructured and ambiguous language of the text in different publications. The work in this paper has already contributed into two publication attempts; with one published paper at ESWC conference, and one accepted paper at the TPDL conference. Furthermore, the work in this project extends the analysis of previous attempts by adding more data from the domain of Data Processing Pipelines and by including one additional domain for analysis (i.e. the domain of Robotics). Moreover, this work provides justifications for all the implementation decisions and proposes a refined version of the online domain-aware semantic enrichment framework (SmartPub), that automates the generation of deep meta-data by utilizing key facets from the domains of Data Processing Pipelines and Robotics. The goal is to generate structured meta-data (i.e. named entities or phrases), from full-text scientific publications, with respect to a set of domain aware facets (i.e. Objective, Methods, Dataset, Software, and Results), and afterwards, to construct groups of facet-terms (i.e. facet-topics) according to their semantic similarity for allowing data exploration and navigation. Finally, the proposed framework is evaluated both quantitatively and qualitatively on seventeen conference series from the domains of Data Processing Pipelines and Robotics.
Study and Analysis of the performance of capacity of Ad-hoc Wireless Networks

— The total capacity obtained from a network is an essential performance metric. In wireless ad-hoc networks, the dynamic topology and stochastic variations in channel characteristics makes it difficult to analytically determine this metric. However an analytical closed form expression for the network capacity is developed. The cumulative distribution function of the signal to Interference Power Ratio at each receiver is derived analytically. Then the capacity of network is studied and closed form expressions are determined. By examining the effect of the outage threshold, less simultaneous communications, each with a higher rate results in higher total capacity .
Improving Wind Power Utilization in System Dispatch Considering Output and Ramp Rate Dependent Generator Costs

Making use of the steam heat storage in thermal generators enables them to operate in a "fast mode" to ramp up or down faster than regular, so as to better catch up with the fluctuations of wind power to improve system wind utilization. In such fast mode, generators have output dependent ramp rates and, distinguished from regular units, output and ramp rate dependent coal consumption costs. These fast generators cannot be properly described by using existing economic dispatch models, where generators usually have output dependent cost functions and constant ramp rate limits. This paper presents a new formulation and solution methodology of dynamic economic dispatch for wind-thermal power systems, to take into account ramping capabilities and costs of generators in their fast mode. In our model, the objective is to minimize a two-variable quadratic generator cost function depending on both output levels and ramp rates, and generator ramp rate limits are output dependent piece-wise linear functions. The model is solved by using existing quadratic programming methods, and is demonstrated by using numerical examples on the IEEE 30-bus system containing two 600MW thermal units with practical data. Results show that by using our model, unit ramping capabilities are better utilized in system dispatch to substantially save curtailed wind energy, and total generator costs are reduced.
Original Hypertension in hemodialysis patients treated with atenolol or lisinopril: a randomized controlled trial

Background. The purpose of this study was to determine among maintenance hemodialysis patients with echocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy and hypertension whether in comparison with a β -blocker-based antihypertensive therapy, an angiotensin converting enzyme-inhibitor-based antihypertensive therapy causes a greater regression of left ventricular hypertrophy. Methods. Subjects were randomly assigned to either open-label lisinopril ( n = 100) or atenolol ( n = 100) each administered three times per week after dialysis. Monthly monitored home blood pressure (BP) was controlled to <140/90 mmHg with medications, dry weight adjustment and sodium restric-tion. The primary outcome was the change in left ventricular mass index (LVMI) from baseline to 12 months. Results. At baseline, 44-h ambulatory BP was similar in the atenolol (151.5/87.1 mmHg) and lisinopril groups, and improved similarly over time in both groups. However, monthly measured home BP was consistently higher in the lisinopril group despite the need for both a greater number of antihypertensive agents and a greater reduction in dry weight. An independent data safety monitoring board recommended termination because of cardiovascular safety. Serious cardiovascular events in the atenolol group occurred in 16 subjects, who had 20 events, and in the lisinopril group in 28 subjects, who had 43 events {incidence rate ratio (IRR) 2.36 [95% con ﬁ dence interval (95% CI) 1.36 – 4.23, P = 0.001]}. Combined serious adverse events of myocardial infarction, stroke and hospitalization for heart failure or cardiovascular death in the atenolol group occurred in 10 subjects, who had 11 events and in the lisinopril group in 17 subjects, who had 23 events (IRR 2.29, P = 0.021). Hospitalizations for heart failure were worse in the lisinopril group (IRR 3.13, P = 0.021). All-cause hospitalizations were higher in the lisinopril group [IRR 1.61 (95% CI 1.18 – 2.19, P = 0.002)]. LVMI improved with time; no difference between drugs was noted. the number: ABSTRACT Background. Patients receiving treatment with renal replacement therapy (RRT) have high mortality, and ensuring patient safety in this population is dif ﬁ cult. We aimed to
Shujahat, Muhammad and Hussain, Saddam and Javed, Sammar and Malik, Muhammad Imran and Thurasamy, Ramayah and Ali, Junaid (2017) Strate- gic management model with lens of knowledge management and competitive intelligence: A review approach. VINE Journal of Information and Knowledge

was screened, it was found that this study is empirical. So according to exclusion criteria, it was eliminated. Table 4 describes the process of finding set of 45 studies considered for final review. Table 4 Process of finding papers for selection of studies for systematic review Total Studies Serial Number Name of database Number of studies accessed Number of papers excluded based on duplication Number of papers excluded based on title Number of papers excluded based on Abstract Number of papers excluded based on key words Number of papers excluded based on full text review Remaining set of papers considered for final review 1 Google Scholar 115 6 60 18 5 7 19 2 Science Direct 46 4 12 12 6 8 4 3 Taylor & Francis Journals 26 0 9 9 2 3 3 4 JSTOR 21 6 6 0 5 4 0 5 Springer Link 48 1 11 28 1 2 5 6 Emerald Insight 107 1 37 44 11 1 13 7 Willey and Sons 17 0 6 1 7 2 1 8 SAGE 39 0 16 15 4 0 4 9 Elsevier 28 1 9 6 4 2 6 Total 447 19 166 133 45 29 55 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 Scholar Google Emerald Elsevier SAGE Science Direct Taylor and Francis Willey and Sons JSTOR Springer Link Database wise Distribution of Systematically Reviewed Studies Numbers of Studies systematically reviewed of each database 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 Yearwise Distribution of Systematically Reviewed Study Yearwise Distribution of Systematically Reviewed Study
A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Muscle Strength, Spinal Shrinkage and Recovery During a Working Day of Military Police O cers

Francielle Hol nger UTFPR: Universidade Tecnologica Federal do Parana Andre Luiz Felix Rodacki (  rodacki@ufpr.br ) Universidade Federal do Paraná https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4585-497X Janny Miriam Tavares UFPR: Universidade Federal do Parana Milton Isac Fadel Neto UTFPR: Universidade Tecnologica Federal do Parana Anderson Caetano Paulo UTFPR: Universidade Tecnologica Federal do Parana Neil Edward Fowler University of Salford Cintia de Lourdes Nahhas Rodadki UTFPR: Universidade Tecnologica Federal do Parana
VPLIV NACIONALNIH RAZVOJNIH OSI NA TRANSAKCIJSKO VREDNOST KMETIJSKIH IN GOZDNIH ZEMLJIŠČ V SLOVENIJI THE OF THE NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT AXES ON THE LAND SLOVENIA

This paper addresses rural land market as a specific case of real property market, where the rural land encompasses agricultural as well as forest land. The article is intended to introduce the basic characteristics of Slovenian rural land market in the period 2001 – 2005. The main stress is on the location characteristics of land, as geographical location is the basic characteristic making the land different from other assets on the market. In the article, the impact of the accessibility of plots to the central places of Slovenia on rural land market has been evaluated. The hypothesis has been emphasized that the market value of rural land depends on the accessibility to the National Development Axes and along that axes to the central places of a higher level in Slovenia. The National Development Axes are considered as the axes of the Slovenian motorway network. Using GIS tools and the methodology for modelling accessibility to the nearest motorway connection for any plot and by allocation of the land market data (transaction value) for that plot in the spatial system of Slovenia, the rural land market on the NUTS 3 (statistical regions) level has been analysed. The correlation analysis between the market price of rural land and the accessibility to the motorway connections shows a moderate linear relationship. Based on the test of contingency, it has been proved that the accessibility of land plots to the motorway connections significantly influences the market (transaction) value of rural land in Slovenia ( α << 0.001).
Multi-trophic metacommunities and the biogeography of food webs

Studies of food webs suggest that limited nonrandom dispersal can play an important role in structuring food webs. It is not clear, however, whether density-dependent dispersal fits empirical patterns of food webs better than density-independent dispersal. Here, we study a spatially distributed food web, using a series of population-dispersal models that contrast density-independent and density-dependent dispersal in landscapes where sampled sites are either homogeneously or heterogeneously distributed. These models are fitted to empirical data, allowing us to infer mechanisms that are consistent with the data. Our results show that models with density-dependent dispersal fit the , , and tritrophic richness observed in empirical data best. Our results also show that density-dependent dispersal leads to a critical distance threshold beyond which site similarity (i.e., tritrophic richness) starts to decrease much faster. Such a threshold can also be detected in the empirical data. In contrast, models with density-independent dispersal do not predict such a threshold. Moreover, preferential dispersal from more centrally located sites to peripheral sites does not provide a better fit to empirical data when compared with symmetric dispersal between sites. Our results suggest that nonrandom dispersal in heterogeneous landscapes is an important driver that shapes local and regional richness (i.e., and tritrophic richness, respectively) as well as the distance-decay relationship (i.e., tritrophic richness) in food webs. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/679505 Posted at the Zurich Open Repository and Archive, University of Zurich ZORA URL: https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-110535 Journal Article Accepted Version Originally published at: Melián, Carlos J; Křivan, Vlastimil; Altermatt, Florian; Starý, Petr; Pellissier, Loïc; De Laender, Frederik (2015). Dispersal Dynamics in Food Webs. The American Naturalist, 185(2):157-168. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/679505 Multi-trophic metacommunities and the biogeography of food webs Carlos J. Melián , , Vlastimil Křivan ∗∗ , Florian Altermatt, Peter Starý, Loïc Pellissier, and Frederik De Laender Fish Ecology and Evolution Department, Center for Ecology, Evolution and Biogeochemistry, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Switzerland. National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis University of California at Santa Barbara, USA Biology Centre ASCR, Institute of Entomology, České Budějovice, Czech Republic. e-mail:vlastimil.krivan@gmail.com and stary@entu.cas. cz Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic. Department of Aquatic Ecology, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Switzerland. e-mail:florian.altermatt@eawag.ch The Arctic Research Centre, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. e-mail:loic.pellissier@unil.ch Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology, Université de Namur ASBL, Belgique, e-mail: frederik.delaender@unamur.be