Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of COVID-19 Prevention Methods Among Hypertensive Patients in North Shoa, Ethiopia

Introduction The occurrence of coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19) has affected more than 247 million populations around the world. People with comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, congestive heart failure, kidney disease, elderly people, and people with weak immunity develop severe types of COVID-19 if exposed to the disease. Therefore, this study aimed to assess knowledge, attitude, and practice of COVID-19 prevention methods among hypertensive patients in North Shoa, Oromia region, Ethiopia. Methods An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May 5/2020 to June 5/2020 in public hospitals in the North Shoa zone, Ethiopia. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and study participants were recruited using a simple random sampling technique. The data were checked for completeness and entered into the EpiData manager version 4.4. 1 and transferred to SPSS version 23 for analysis purposes. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression were computed and a significant association was declared with a p-value less than 0.05. Results A total of 360 (97.0%) hypertension patients responded. This study revealed that 210 (58.3%) study participants had good knowledge of COVID-19 prevention methods, 199 (55.3%) had a favorable attitude towards COVID-19 prevention methods, and 210 (58.3%) hypertension patients at follow-up practiced COVID-19 prevention methods. Respondents who received less than two thousand Ethiopian birrs monthly and respondents who followed electronic news media were significantly associated with the use of sanitizer, respondents who had a favorable attitude towards the COVID-19 prevention method were significantly associated with mask-wearing, and respondents who received less than two thousand Ethiopian birrs monthly were significantly associated with maintaining a physical distance. Conclusion Generally, this study finding revealed that the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice towards COVID-19 prevention among hypertension patients was low. Therefore, increasing knowledge, attitude, and practice on COVID-19 among hypertension patients requires a coordinated effort from the government, non-government, and health professionals.
Motivating a Synergistic Mixing-Layer Height Retrieval Method Using Backscatter Lidar Returns and Microwave-Radiometer Temperature Observations

Mixing-layer-height (MLH) retrieval methods using backscattered lidar signals from a ceilometer (Jenoptik CHM -15k Nimbus) and temperature profiles from a microwave radiometer (MWR) and Humidity And Temperature PROfiler (HATPRO) radiometer physics GmbH (RPG) are compared in terms of their complementary capabilities and associated uncertainties. The extended Kalman filter (EKF) is used for MLH retrieval from backscattered lidar signals, and the parcel method is used for MLH retrieval from MWR-derived potential-temperature profiles. The two principal sources of uncertainty in ceilometer-based MLH estimates are: 1) incorrect layer attribution ( $\sim $ hundreds of meters) and 2) noise-induced errors (about 50 m at $3\sigma $ ). MWR MLH uncertainties comprise: 1) the total uncertainty in the retrieved potential temperature profile and 2) ±0.5 K uncertainty in the surface temperature. Ceilometer- and MWR-based MLH estimates are, in turn, compared with reference to MLH estimates from radiosoundings. Twenty-one measurement days from the high definition clouds and precipitation for advancing climate prediction (HD(CP) 2) Observational Prototype Experiment (HOPE) campaign at Jülich, Germany, are considered. It is shown that the MWR can track the full mixed layer (ML) diurnal cycle (i.e., including morning and evening transitions) with height-increasing error bars. The ceilometer-EKF MLH estimates are much smaller errorbars than those from the MWR under the well-developed clear-sky ML, but the ceilometer-EKF is prone to ambiguous tracking some multilayer scenarios (e.g., the residual layer). We, therefore, introduce the synergistic MLH retrieval approach that combines both ceilometer and MWR estimates in order to optimize the benefits of both.
An Insight Into Ancient Aeolian Processes and Post‐Noachian Aqueous Alteration in Gale Crater, Mars, Using ChemCam Geochemical Data From the Greenheugh Capping Unit

Aeolian processes have shaped and contributed to the geological record in Gale crater, Mars, long after the fluviolacustrine system existed ∼3 Ga ago. Understanding these aeolian deposits, particularly those which have been lithified and show evidence for aqueous alteration, can help to constrain the environment at their time of deposition and the role of liquid water later in Mars' history. The NASA Curiosity rover investigated a prominent outcrop of aeolian sandstone within the Stimson formation at the Greenheugh pediment as part of its investigation of the Glen Torridon area. In this study, we use geochemical data from ChemCam to constrain the effects of aeolian sedimentary processes, sediment provenance, and diagenesis of the sandstone at the Greenheugh pediment, comparing the Greenheugh data to the results from previous Stimson localities situated 2.5 km north and >200 m lower in elevation. Our results, supported by mineralogical data from CheMin, show that the Stimson formation at the Greenheugh pediment was predominately sourced from an olivine‐rich unit that may be present farther up the slopes of Gale crater's central mound. Our results also suggest that the Greenheugh pediment Stimson formation was cemented by surface water runoff such as that which may have formed Gediz Vallis. The lack of alteration features in the Stimson formation at the Greenheugh pediment relative to those of the Emerson and Naukluft plateaus suggests that groundwater was not as available at this locality compared to the others. However, all sites share diagenesis at the unconformity.
Metabolomics and Microbiomics: New Potential Strategies in Chronic Pain Syndrome

Abstract Chronic pain affects almost 20% of the European adult population and it significantly reduces patients’ quality of life. Chronic pain is considered a multidimensional experience determined by the interaction of several genetic and environmental factors. The effect of specific genetic contributions is often unclear, and the interpretation of the results from studies focused on genetic influences on pain has been complicated by the existence of multiple pain phenotypes. A step forward from genetics could be given by the application of metabolomics and microbiomics tools. Metabolomics is a powerful approach for hypothesis generation in biology, and it aims to analyze low molecular weight compounds, either metabolic intermediates or metabolic end-products, resulting from human or microbial metabolism. Microbiomics is a fast-growing field in which all the microbes are examined together, and as a result, its perturbation may indicate the development of chronic diseases. By applying these methodologies for the study of chronic pain, several differences have been identified. The alteration of the choline-PAF pathway is an intriguing finding recognized by several groups. In our opinion, metabolomics and microbiomics techniques will allow significant progress into the medical field. Patients may benefit from the possibility of being stratified and classified based on their metabolic and microbial profile, which, in the next future, may lead to personalized therapy.
Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Versus Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients with Distal Left Main Coronary Disease

Article information Background and Aim: Conflicting results about coronary artery bypass grafting [CABG] versus percutaneous coronary interventions [PCI] in patients with left main coronary artery [LMCA] disease were published. Therefore, we aimed to compare CABG versus PCI for revascularization of LMCA disease and identify factors affecting the outcome. Patients and Methods: This prospective non-randomized study was conducted on 78 patients with LMCA disease presented between 2019 and 2021. The heart team assigned patients to either CABG or PCI, and each group had 38 patients. The study outcome was one year's major adverse cerebral and cardiovascular events [MACCE]. Results: There were no differences in the demographics between both groups. Body mass index was higher in patients with PCI [27.79 ± 3.09 vs. 30.78 ± 5.45 Kg/m; P= 0.005]. Diabetes mellitus was more common among CABG patients [27 [71.1%] vs 20 [52.6%]; P= 0.005]. EuroSCORE II was significantly higher in CABG patients [1.3 [0.76 – 2.85] vs. 0.81 [0.5 – 3.68]; P<0.001]. Hospital complications other than MACCE were significantly higher in patients who had CABG [13 [34.2%] vs. 5 [13.2%]; P= 0.03]. After 12 months, there were no differences in the rate of MI, stroke, revascularization, and mortality between both groups. Factors affecting MACCE were age [OR: 1.44; P=0.04], diabetes mellitus [OR: 1.82; P 0.02], prior myocardial infarction [OR: 1.89; P=0.001], ejection fraction [OR: 1.42; P= 0.01] and SYNTAX score [OR: 1.84, P= 0.02]. Conclusion: PCI could be an alternative to CABG in patients with distal left main coronary artery disease with comparable periprocedural and 1-year risk. Received: 25-10-2021 Accepted: 18-02-2022 DOI: 10.21608/ijma.2022. 102723.1382 *Corresponding author Email: dr.mohammed. mans13@gmail.com Citation: Helyl MA, Gamil EE, Mahmoud HB, Mahmoud MH. Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Versus Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients with Distal Left Main Coronary Disease. IJMA 2022; 4 [2]: 2171-2175. doi: 10.21608/ijma.2022. 102723.1382
Numerical Simulation and Validation of Wake Field of Submarine with Stern Appendage

The wake field of a hypothetical submarine model DARPA SUBOFF is simulated numerically by solving RANS equations with k-e,k-ω turbulence models and wall functions.By comparing the computational results with the experimental data,the numerical results prove creditable.Moreover the wake fields of fins in the shape of "X" are also simulated and analyzed.
The Effect of Organizational Communication and Organizational Justice on Employee Job Satisfaction at Kapal Garden Hotel Malang

The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of organizational communication and organizational justice on employees' job satisfaction at Kapal Garden Hotel Malang. The population and sample on this study were all hotel employees totaling 30 people using a sampling technique, namely saturated sampling. Data collection techniques were using questionnaires and interviews. The data analysis method used was a scale range and multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study indicated that the calculation of the organizational communication scale range showed good results, organizational justice shows fair results, and job satisfaction showed satisfactory results. The results of the regression analysis showed that organizational communication had a positive and significant effect on employees' job satisfaction. And organizational justice influenced positively and significantly towards employees' job satisfaction.
Industrial Wastes as Auxiliary Additives to Cement/Lime Stabilization of Soils

Chemical stabilization involves the use of chemical agents for initiating reactions within the soil for modification of its geotechnical properties. Cement and lime stabilization have been the most common stabilization methods adopted for soil treatment. Cement stabilization results in good compressive strengths and is preferred for cohesionless to moderately cohesive soil but loses effectiveness when the soil is highly plastic. Lime stabilization is the most preferred method for plastic clays; however, it proves to be ineffective in sulphate rich clays and performs poorly under extreme conditions. With such drawbacks, lots of researches have been undertaken to address the issues faced with each stabilization method, in particular, the use of solid wastes for soil stabilization. Solid waste reuse has gained high momentum for achieving sustainable waste management in recent times. Research has shown that the use of solid wastes as additives with and replacement for conventional stabilizers has resulted in better results than the performance of either individually. This review provides insight into some of the works done by earlier researchers on lime/cement stabilization with industrial wastes as additives and helps to form a sound platform for further research on industrial wastes as additives to conventional stabilizers.
Formulation Of Coenzyme Q10 Liquid Foundation With a Variations Virgin Coconut Oil as The Oil Phase

Coenzyme Q10 is a compound with potent antioxidants that can protect the skin from exposure to U.V. rays. Therefore researchers formulated a liquid foundation moisturizer coenzyme Q10 with VCO oil phase, which is able to provide many benefits. In addition, VCO is able to provide good physical characteristics to the preparation. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of variations in the concentration of virgin coconut oil on the physical characteristics of the preparation and to determine the formula with the most preferred concentration of VCO by the public. The methodology in this research is evaporation emulsification with a 500 rpm magnetic stirrer for 10 minutes. Moisturizer liquid foundation is made by mixing the oil phase into the water phase above a water bath at a temperature of 70oC and adding white pigment to form an ivory color. The results showed that the higher the concentration of VCO, the lower the pH, viscosity, and adhesion of the preparation, and the greater the spreadability. In addition to testing the physical characteristics, the researchers also conducted a preference test, and the results obtained were that the respondents preferred formula 3 with a VCO concentration of 7%. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and linear regression with a 95% confidence level.
Keratometric and Visual Outcome post Corneal Cross-Linking in Keratoconus Patients

Background: Keratoconus is a bilateral, primary, progressive, non-inflammatory, and non-symmetric corneal ectasia induced declined visual acuity in young adults. It leads to continued myopia and irregular astigmatism, causing a reduction in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and visual quality. Corneal Collagen Cross-linking (CXL) has progressively become a preferable cure tool and the frontline of therapy for keratoconus and other corneal ectatic illnesses. It creates a crossed bridge between the collagen fibrils (cross-linking), thus strengthening the Cornea. Aim of the Work: This work purposes to assess the efficacy of CXL on eyes with keratoconus as regards uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) keratometric readings. Patients and Methods: This non-randomized, prospective, interventional study included twenty eyes of eighteen patients with mild and moderate degree keratoconus. All patients were subjected to complete ocular examination and Pentacam examination. CXL was done under surface anesthesia. Changes in UCVA, BCVA, and keratometric readings that follow CXL were evaluated. Results: Mean + SD of UCVA, BCVA, SE, KI, K2. Preoperatively for the 20 eyes were 0.25±0.18, 0.51± 0.21, 7.95±4.66, 46.93D±2.35, 51.90D±3.55 respectively. At the end of the follow-up period (Three months postoperatively), they were 0.28+0.20, 0.59+0.21, -7.73+4.10, 46.75+2.23, 51.75+3.63, respectively. No serious complications were reported in this study. Only two eyes (10%) showed mild corneal haze. They persisted until the study was finished. Two eyes (10%) showed delayed re-epithelization up to one week. Conclusion: The CXL is an effective and safe technique for treating mild to moderate keratoconus, regarding stabilizing the condition and improving the visual outcome, regardless of the keratometric changes.
Gravitational search algorithm‐driven missing links prediction in social networks

The increased usage of online social networks in recent days attracts the attention of researchers. That makes analysis of social networks a significant concern. Link prediction is one of the problem of social networks, where links are predicted between users by analyzing the relationships between the nodes. As the size and usability of the social network grows, the accurate prediction of connections with limited public information is a challenge. This article introduces a novel approach for predicting missing links using a nature‐inspired method, the gravitational search algorithm. We selected seven real‐world networks and five widely used algorithms and also considered the sparsity of networks for the experimental evaluation of the proposed approach. The proposed GSA‐driven algorithm has shown a better or comparable AUC result than the other standard algorithms on these networks.
Energy Rebels? How Households’ Preferences for Decentralized Hydrogen Systems Misalign with Energy System Requirements

Using findings from a survey of 350 participants, we answer the question to what extent the trends towards more digitalisation and environmental awareness could create a market for decentralized hydrogen applications. The results show that while energy experts are sceptical towards the benefit of decentralized hydrogen applications and its high costs, households show a great interest in the hydrogen technology. The majority of the sample states that they are definitely or likely willing to invest in a hydrogen application. Innovative households even state a willingness to pay more (Ø 24% more). Keywords—hydrogen, decentralized energy supply, self-consumption, household survey
Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy versus laparoscopic mini-gastric bypass in obesity

Background: Laparoscopic mini‐gastric bypass (MGBP) is gaining popularity among the bariatric procedures today, and laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (SG) as a single‐stage procedure for the treatment of morbid obesity is becoming increasingly popular. Patients and methods: Between October 2014 and July 2018, 100 obese patients were randomized, operated upon, and followed up for 24 months in Al Minia University Hospital. A total of 50 patients underwent SG, and 50 patients underwent MGBP. The mean BMI of all patients was 47.8 ± 5.5 kg/m2, their mean age was 30 ± 8.3 years, and 80% of them were female. Patients were followed up at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21 and 24 months. Results: Age, sex, BMI, and comorbidities were equal. The mean operative time for SG was 86.9 ± 51.6 min and that for MGBP was 108.4 ± 41.8 min; the percentage of 1‐year excess weight loss was similar (76.2 ± 4.49% for SG and 80.3 ± 8.3% for MGBP). The comorbidities were significantly improved after both procedures, except for type 2 diabetes mellitus, which showed a higher resolution rate after MGBP. Conclusion: Laparoscopic SG regarding excess weight loss is comparable to laparoscopic MGBP in short‐term follow‐up (2 year) with less metabolic effect. Further long‐term studies are needed.
Effects of Adding Three Different Doses of Magnesium Sulfate to Bupivacaine in Epidural Anesthesia for Lower Abdominal Surgeries

Introduction: Magnesium has been used as an adjuvant to local anesthetic via epidural route to augment the quality of block and prolong postoperative analgesia. Aim of the work: To assess and compare the effect of adding three different doses of magnesium sulfate to bupivacaine in epidural anesthesia in patients scheduled for lower abdominal surgeries on onset of sensory and motor block, duration of block, number of top up doses, duration of analgesia, early postoperative pain and to evaluate any possible side effects. Patients and Methods: This study was controlled, randomized, prospective and double blinded. A total of 120 patients, ASA grade I-II, aged between 18 and 64 were scheduled for lower abdominal surgery. All patients were assessed clinically after taking medical history and through physical examination and investigated for exclusion of any contraindications, complete blood picture (CBC), Prothrombin time and concentration, liver function, renal function and resting ECG was done. The patients were randomly allocated into four equal groups according to the dose of magnesium sulfate injected in the epidural space, 30 patients in each. Each group received total volume of 15 ml which may be (14 ml bupivacaine + 1 ml saline), (14 ml bupivacaine + 50 mg MgSO4 in 1 ml saline), (14 ml bupivacaine + 75 mg MgSO4 in 1 ml saline) or (14 ml bupivacaine + 100 mg MgSO4 in 1 ml saline). The onset and duration of sensory and motor block, duration of postoperative analgesia, postoperative visual analogue scale and any side effect were noted. Results: Onset of sensory and motor block was faster in (100 mg group) than other groups. Duration of sensory and motor block and time to first analgesic request were longer in 100 mg group than others. Discussion: Epidural magnesium sulfate (100mg) significantly prolonged postoperative analgesia compared to 50mg, 75mg and bupivacaine alone. we recommend: Usage of magnesium sulfate as adjuvant to epidural anesthesia in a dose of (100 mg) for earlier onset and prolonged postoperative analgesia.
VODCA2GPP – a new, global, long-term (1988–2020) gross primary production dataset from microwave remote sensing

Abstract. Long-term global monitoring of terrestrial gross primary production (GPP) is crucial for assessing ecosystem responses to global climate change. In recent decades, great advances have been made in estimating GPP and many global GPP datasets have been published. These datasets are based on observations from optical remote sensing, are upscaled from in situ measurements, or rely on process-based models. Although these approaches are well established within the scientific community, datasets nevertheless differ significantly. Here, we introduce the new VODCA2GPP dataset, which utilizes microwave remote sensing estimates of vegetation optical depth (VOD) to estimate GPP at the global scale for the period 1988–2020. VODCA2GPP applies a previously developed carbon-sink-driven approach (Teubner et al., 2019, 2021) to estimate GPP from the Vegetation Optical Depth Climate Archive (Moesinger et al., 2020; Zotta et al., 2022​​​​​​​), which merges VOD observations from multiple sensors into one long-running, coherent data record. VODCA2GPP was trained and evaluated against FLUXNET in situ observations of GPP and compared against largely independent state-of-the-art GPP datasets from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), FLUXCOM, and the TRENDY-v7 process-based model ensemble. The site-level evaluation with FLUXNET GPP indicates an overall robust performance of VODCA2GPP with only a small bias and good temporal agreement. The comparisons with MODIS, FLUXCOM, and TRENDY-v7 show that VODCA2GPP exhibits very similar spatial patterns across all biomes but with a consistent positive bias. In terms of temporal dynamics, a high agreement was found for regions outside the humid tropics, with median correlations around 0.75. Concerning anomalies from the long-term climatology, VODCA2GPP correlates well with MODIS and TRENDY-v7 (Pearson's r 0.53 and 0.61) but less well with FLUXCOM (Pearson's r 0.29). A trend analysis for the period 1988–2019 did not exhibit a significant trend in VODCA2GPP at the global scale but rather suggests regionally different long-term changes in GPP. For the shorter overlapping observation period (2003–2015) of VODCA2GPP, MODIS, and the TRENDY-v7 ensemble, significant increases in global GPP were found. VODCA2GPP can complement existing GPP products and is a valuable dataset for the assessment of large-scale and long-term changes in GPP for global vegetation and carbon cycle studies. The VODCA2GPP dataset is available at the TU Data Repository of TU Wien (https://doi.org/10.48436/1k7aj-bdz35, Wild et al., 2021).