Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pneumocystis Exacerbates Inflammation and Mucus Hypersecretion in a Murine, Elastase-Induced-COPD Model

Inflammation and mucus hypersecretion are frequent pathology features of chronic respiratory diseases such as asthma and COPD. Selected bacteria, viruses and fungi may synergize as co-factors in aggravating disease by activating pathways that are able to induce airway pathology. Pneumocystis infection induces inflammation and mucus hypersecretion in immune competent and compromised humans and animals. This fungus is a frequent colonizer in patients with COPD. Therefore, it becomes essential to identify whether it has a role in aggravating COPD severity. This work used an elastase-induced COPD model to evaluate the role of Pneumocystis in the exacerbation of pathology, including COPD-like lung lesions, inflammation and mucus hypersecretion. Animals infected with Pneumocystis developed increased histology features of COPD, inflammatory cuffs around airways and lung vasculature plus mucus hypersecretion. Pneumocystis induced a synergic increment in levels of inflammation markers (Cxcl2, IL6, IL8 and IL10) and mucins (Muc5ac/Muc5b). Levels of STAT6-dependent transcription factors Gata3, FoxA3 and Spdef were also synergically increased in Pneumocystis infected animals and elastase-induced COPD, while the levels of the mucous cell-hyperplasia transcription factor FoxA2 were decreased compared to the other groups. Results document that Pneumocystis is a co-factor for disease severity in this elastase-induced-COPD model and highlight the relevance of STAT6 pathway in Pneumocystis pathogenesis.
Delay‐range‐dependent robust H∞ filtering for uncertain systems with interval time‐varying delays

This paper is concerned with the problem of delay‐range‐dependent robust H∞ filtering for systems with time‐varying delays in a range. The aim of this problem is to design a filter such that, for all admissible uncertainties, the filtering error system is robustly asymptotically stable with a prescribed H∞ level. The desired filter can be constructed by solving a set of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). An illustrative numerical example is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
HURRICANE HILDA, 1964

Abstract As hurricane Hilda approached the Louisiana coast it began to entrain more and more of the cool dry air situated over the continent. This resulted in a diminution of the storm to a lesser level of intensity while the center was still well offshore. A much more rapid increase in central pressure occurred after the eye passed inland and the supply of oceanic moisture and heat became inadequate to support a hurricane. Finally, the storm rapidly acquired extratropical characteristics and moved eastward off the southeastern coast.
SCATTERING OF A PLANE WAVE FROM A CIRCULAR DIELECTRIC CYLINDER AT OBLIQUE INCIDENCE

A solution is given for the problem of a plane wave incident obliquely on a circular cylinder of infinite length. The electric properties of the cylinder are taken to be homogeneous and isotropic but otherwise arbitrary. It is shown that in the general case the scattered field contains a significant cross-polarized component which vanishes at normal incidence. While the solution is derived for the magnetic vector of the incident wave transverse to the axis of the cylinder, the corresponding result for the other polarization can be obtained from symmetry.
On point-to-point communication networks

A point-to-point communication network is represented by (G,C), where G=(V,/spl epsiv/) is a directed graph with vertex set V and edge set /spl epsiv/, and C=[C/sub ij/,(i,j)/spl isin//spl epsiv/] is a nonnegative-valued vector. A vertex in V represents a node in the communication network, and an edge (i,j) represents a point-to-point discrete memoryless channel (DMC) from node i to node j whose capacity is C/sub ij/. We assume that the channels in the network are independent of each other. An information source with entropy rate h is generated at source node /spl delta/ and recovered at sink node t with arbitrarily small probability of error. We show that the value of a max-flow from node /spl delta/ to node t in (G,C) must be greater than or equal to h. This results implies a separation theorem for network coding and channel coding in such a communication network.
Drivers of rhizosphere microbial differences in desert genus Haloxylon

Rhizosphere is a powerful interface for interaction between soil, plants, and soil microorganisms. Little is known about the interactions between closely related species and their microbial communities in the desert. Using 16S rRNA and ITS high‐throughput sequencing methods, we studied the diversity of the rhizosphere and bulk soils microbial communities of the two species (Haloxylon ammodendron and Haloxylon persicum) at the edge of the Gurbantunggut Desert. Results showed that the diversity and composition of bacterial communities of these two species were significantly different, with bacteria and fungi explaining 53.54% and 35.40% of the total variation by principal coordinates analysis analysis. The Chao, Shannon, and Margalef index of the rhizosphere bacteria were significantly higher than those for the bulk bacteria(p < 0.05). The co‐occurrence network in rhizosphere soil were more complex than those in bulk soil, and bacteria were higher than that of fungi. Soil moisture, salinity, and nutrients significantly affected the diversity of the soil bacterial community (p < 0.05), but had no significant effects on the fungal community. The dissimilarity distance of bacterial community composition was significantly correlated with environmental distance (p < 0.05), and the most important environmental factor was available nutrients in the soil, which drove the soil microbial community composition and diversity. The composition and diversity of the bacteria in desert soil were affected by plant species and soil types, and differences among closely related species. These findings can enhance knowledge of the associations between closely related species and soil microorganisms, and contribute to the control of desertification.
Microstructure Evolution and Work Hardening Behavior of Hot-Rolled DP780 Ferrite/Bainite Dual-Phase Steel

In this article, by optimizing the alloy composition, the DP780 grade hot-rolled duplex steel was obtained by TMCP (thermo-mechanical control process) combined with medium temperature coiling procedure. The microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of the experimental steel were analyzed by means of optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), room temperature tensile experiment, and low-temperature impact experiment. When the coiling temperature was 540°C, the yield strength, tensile strength, and elongation of the experimental steel were 663 MPa, 785 MPa, and 23%, respectively, and the product of the strength and elongation was as high as 18.1 GPa%, which accords with the mechanical properties of the national standard for DP780 dual-phase steel. The experimental steel exhibits significant work hardening effect at higher strain, and can still guarantee a certain work hardening index and good formability. When the coiling temperature was high (570°C), the strength of the experimental steel decreased and the work hardening effect was also weakened due to the coarsening of microstructure. The results of this article provide theoretical guidance for the production of DP780 dual-phase steel by hot rolling.
Orbital B-cell Lymphoma Masquerading As Dry Eye Disease

Orbital lymphoma is a rare tumor with an incidence of 2.02 per million per year. It can occur as a part of systemic lymphoma or spontaneously arise primarily in orbit. The most commonly reported malignant lymphoma is non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. The typical clinical finding includes exophthalmos, swelling, and limited eye movement. Our patient presented with dryness and irritation of the eye without signs of proptosis until months later. The definitive diagnosis of orbital lymphoma requires a biopsy. Still, imaging studies such as MRI and CT scans play a critical role in distinguishing benign from malignant lesions and invasion of local tissues. The treatment of orbital lymphoma is multidisciplinary, involving surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy depending on the histological type of tumor and the presence of metastasis.
Determination of shortwave earth reflectances from visible radiance measurements : Error estimate using ScaRaB data

Abstract The error resulting from the use of a visible channel to estimate shortwave (SW) (0.2–4 μm) fluxes reflected by the earth is analyzed. First, the authors compute regression coefficients between visible (0.55–0.65 μm) and SW radiance measurements made by the ScaRaB (Scanner for Radiation Budget) instrument aboard the Meteor-3/7 satellite between March 1994 and February 1995. These regression coefficients are computed from the 10 months of available ScaRaB measurements in different classes of geotypes and different classes of solar and viewing angles. The regression is applied to the visible radiance measurements to simulate the SW measurements in the operational processing of ScaRaB. For instantaneous fluxes, the visible-to-SW conversion gives a standard deviation of the error smaller than 8%. By comparison, the standard deviation of the instantaneous flux error coming from the angular sampling and the bidirectional reflectance uncertainty is estimated to be about 10%. For monthly mean values the .
Extended depth of field imaging for mosaic hyperspectral images

Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is an emerging modality for digital pathology. The purpose of this study is to develop an extended depth of field (EDOF) method for mosaic hyperspectral images acquired with a snapshot camera. EDOF is a technique for ensuring that an image is in focus at all points. A stack of mosaicked hyperspectral images of hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained histologic slides were acquired at different positions along the z-axis and used to output a hyperspectral histologic image that was in-focus at every point. Three different methods were compared to achieve a fully focused image. We compared conventional patch-based methods to our proposed growth-based and band-based methods. The Brenner function was used to quantitatively measure the focus quality of each image measured. The results show that both of our proposed methods performed better qualitatively and quantitatively than the patch-based method, with the band-based method performing the best, as it leveraged dividing pixels into their proper wavelengths in addition to spatially, giving the algorithm better contrast to measure. In terms of speed, the band-based method was the fastest, followed by the patch-based method, with the growth-based method being the slowest. Our proposed extended depth of field hyperspectral imaging methods can have immediate applications in digital pathology, especially whole slide imaging, and other microscopic imaging.
Fermi LAT Search for Photon Lines from 30 to 200 GeV

A. A. Abdo, 2 M. Ackermann, M. Ajello, W. B. Atwood, L. Baldini, J. Ballet, G. Barbiellini, 8 D. Bastieri, 10 K. Bechtol, R. Bellazzini, B. Berenji, E. D. Bloom, ∗ E. Bonamente, 12 A. W. Borgland, A. Bouvier, J. Bregeon, A. Brez, M. Brigida, 14 P. Bruel, T. H. Burnett, S. Buson, G. A. Caliandro, R. A. Cameron, P. A. Caraveo, S. Carrigan, J. M. Casandjian, C. Cecchi, 12 Ö. Çelik, 20, 21 A. Chekhtman, 22 J. Chiang, S. Ciprini, R. Claus, J. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, 25, 26, † C. D. Dermer, A. de Angelis, F. de Palma, 14 S. W. Digel, E. do Couto e Silva, P. S. Drell, A. Drlica-Wagner, 3 R. Dubois, D. Dumora, 29 Y. Edmonds, R. Essig, C. Farnier, C. Favuzzi, 14 S. J. Fegan, W. B. Focke, P. Fortin, M. Frailis, Y. Fukazawa, S. Funk, P. Fusco, 14 F. Gargano, D. Gasparrini, N. Gehrels, 32, 33 S. Germani, 12 N. Giglietto, 14 F. Giordano, 14 T. Glanzman, G. Godfrey, I. A. Grenier, J. E. Grove, L. Guillemot, S. Guiriec, M. Gustafsson, 9 D. Hadasch, A. K. Harding, D. Horan, R. E. Hughes, M. S. Jackson, 38 G. Jóhannesson, A. S. Johnson, R. P. Johnson, W. N. Johnson, T. Kamae, H. Katagiri, J. Kataoka, N. Kawai, 41 M. Kerr, J. Knödlseder, M. Kuss, J. Lande, L. Latronico, M. Llena Garde, 25 F. Longo, 8 F. Loparco, 14 B. Lott, 29 M. N. Lovellette, P. Lubrano, 12 A. Makeev, 22 M. N. Mazziotta, J. E. McEnery, 33 C. Meurer, 25 P. F. Michelson, W. Mitthumsiri, T. Mizuno, A. A. Moiseev, 33 C. Monte, 14 M. E. Monzani, A. Morselli, I. V. Moskalenko, S. Murgia, P. L. Nolan, J. P. Norris, E. Nuss, T. Ohsugi, N. Omodei, E. Orlando, J. F. Ormes, M. Ozaki, D. Paneque, J. H. Panetta, D. Parent, 29 V. Pelassa, M. Pepe, 12 M. Pesce-Rollins, F. Piron, S. Rainò, 14 R. Rando, 10 M. Razzano, A. Reimer, 3 O. Reimer, 3 T. Reposeur, 29 J. Ripken, 25 S. Ritz, 4 A. Y. Rodriguez, M. Roth, H. F. -W. Sadrozinski, A. Sander, P. M. Saz Parkinson, J. D. Scargle, T. L. Schalk, A. Sellerholm, 25 C. Sgrò, E. J. Siskind, D. A. Smith, 29 P. D. Smith, G. Spandre, P. Spinelli, 14 J.-L. Starck, M. S. Strickman, D. J. Suson, H. Tajima, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, J. B. Thayer, J. G. Thayer, L. Tibaldo, 10, 6 D. F. Torres, 17 Y. Uchiyama, T. L. Usher, V. Vasileiou, 21 N. Vilchez, V. Vitale, 51 A. P. Waite, P. Wang, B. L. Winer, K. S. Wood, T. Ylinen, 52, 25 and M. Ziegler Space Science Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA National Research Council Research Associate, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC 20001, USA W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory,
Wire antennas coated with magnetically and electrically lossy material

The effect of coating a thin dipole antenna with a thin layer of magnetically and electrically lossy material is considered with respect to the properties of input impedance, current distribution, far-field pattern, bandwidth, radiation efficiency, and effective length. Moment method calculations show that the change in the antenna properties is a strong function of the location and the kind of lossy material applied. The calculated input impedance of a monopole wrapped both fully and partially with different types of lossy materials is shown to agree well with measurements. An approximate semigraphical procedure for impedance calculation is postulated and shown to be useful.
Evaluation of four methods used to estimate population density of moose Alces alces

Abstract Various survey methods are used to monitor and manage ungulate populations. The choice of optimal method depends on estimation accuracy, management objective and financial constraints. Here we compare estimates produced by four different methods for estimating population size, i.e. aerial counts, hunter observations, pellet group counts and cohort analysis. A Swedish moose Alces alces population was studied during 1973–2005 in the Grimsö Wildlife Research Area (135 km2). The highest correlation was found between cohort analysis and aerial counts (r=0.69, P<0.05), and the hunter observations and the aerial counts (r=0.76, P<0.10). The different methods produced relatively consistent trends in population estimates over years. Pellet group counts prior to 1997 were not significantly correlated with the other methods, probably due to unrepresentative spatial sampling. A comparison of the aerial and pellet group counts in 2002 and 2006, showed that the average defecation rate was estimated at approximately 14 pellet groups per day per moose. Our results show the importance of having representative spatial sampling in pellet group surveys and indicate that hunter observations can be a useful tool for estimating long-term population trends even in moderately sized areas.
Semen quality and seminal plasma metabolites in male rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) under heat stress

Heat stress causes infertility in male rabbits in summer. This study was conducted to determine the effects of heat stress on semen quality and seminal plasma metabolites of male rabbits. To achieve these objectives, the temperature and humidity index (THI) was used to determine the stress state of male rabbits during different months, thereby the rabbits were divided into heat stress and no heat stress groups. The quality of the semen and the biochemical indices of seminal plasma were then analyzed. Next the plasma metabolites of rabbits in both groups were evaluated using the ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (UPLC-MS)/MS technique. Our results showed that the THI value of the rabbit housing in May was 20.94 (no heat stress). The THI value of the housing in August was 29.10 (heat stress group, n = 10). Compared with the non-heat stress group, the sperm motility, density, and pH in the heat stress group (n = 10) were significantly decreased (P < 0.01); the semen volume decreased significantly (P < 0.05); and the sperm malformation rate increased significantly (P < 0.01). The number of grade A sperm significantly decreased, while the numbers of B and C grade sperm significantly increased (P < 0.01). The total sperm output (TSO), total motile sperm (TMS), and total functional sperm fraction (TFSF) decreased significantly (P < 0.01). Heat stress protein 70 (HSP70) and acid phosphatase (ACP) in the seminal plasma of rabbits in the heat stress group (n = 20) were significantly increased (P < 0.01). Seminal plasma testosterone (T), α-glucosidase (α-Glu), and fructose decreased significantly (P < 0.01). The concentrations of Mg2+ (P < 0.05), Na+ (P < 0.01), and K+ (P < 0.01) in metal ions were significantly decreased. These findings indicated that heat stress severely affected the quality of the male rabbit semen. Furthermore, UPLC-MS/MS technology was used to analyze the seminal plasma samples of rabbits in the heat stress group and non-heat stress group (n = 9 for each group). In total, 346 metabolites were identified, with variable importance in project (VIP) > 1.0, fold change (FC) > 1.5 or < 0.667, and P < 0.05 as the threshold. A total of 71 differential metabolites were matched, including stearic acid, betaine, arachidonic acid, L-malic acid, and indole. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis of differential metabolites revealed 51 metabolic pathways, including synthesis and degradation of ketones, serine and threonine metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, and the citric acid cycle. Our study has shown that the sperm motility, sperm pH value, and sperm density of male rabbits decreased significantly under heat stress, and the sperm malformation rate increased significantly. Furthermore, the quality of semen was shown to deteriorate and the energy metabolism pathway was disturbed. These findings provide a theoretical reference for alleviating the adaptive heat stress in male rabbits.
PHOTOGRAPHY AS ANTI-MEMORY

It is widely known that photography is related to memory. The invention of photography was inextricably linked to memory, as a more effective and direct way than painting. A more effective and direct way to depict the object to be remembered such as the rulers’ portraits or the painted depictions of animals and plants that navigators met while discovering the world, always having a painter with them. However, in the present study, we attempt to show that the innermost reason for the invention and use of photography was never related to memory, and if it was related, the reason was to make us forget what we were aiming to remember. The inner cause of photography’s position in human history and art was: 1) To bring us into contact with the invisible: to that, photography is analysed through philosophy’s prism and especially as Romanticism’s offspring that attempts to go beyond reality and connect us with alterity and the invisible which dictates the visible. 2) To offer a sense of reality to the structural void on which the human psyche is composed: to that, photography is analysed through the prism of psychoanalysis as a symbolic mirror of the photographer’s and viewer’s psyche, a process based on the “mirror stage” (Lacan, 1966). 3) To make us forget: to that, photography is analysed through an anthropological regard where, via common mechanisms which are related to Magic, the photographer and the viewer have the potential to surpass reality’s flow through amnesia.
Bird Species Identification using Audio Processing and AlexNet Neural Network

This research involved identifying the birds with the help of audio recorded from the real world environment. Most of the methods use images for detection of birds. But, some species may be similar to see. Hence, we took audio as the basis for classification. The audio frequency was plotted as spectrogram and it was inspected to extract the patterns and classify the bird. Legacy practices involved manual inspection of spectrogram that are plotted on the frequency of audio signals. But, this is time taking process and often produces inaccurate results. Hence, we created a computerized process to inspect the spectrogram. The computer learns from patterns of spectrogram during the training process and learns to detect a new and unseen audio. This entire procedure involved two crucial phases. The first stage of the process was to create a dataset with audio files collected from websites like Xeno-canto org that includes all sound recordings of birds. In this research work, we considered 4 species of wood pecker in the Germany region. Hence, we have collected approximately 120 recordings for each species, thus a total of 500 recordings were collected. The collected sounds undergone a series of pre-processing phases like reconstruction, framing, and silence removal, pre-emphasis for removing any noises like human actions, wind sounds, tree sounds. For every processed sound clip, the spectrogram is plotted and it was given as input to a neural network that is in the second stage, which in turn detects the recording at the end. Since the image was given as input, we used Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) which is a best neural net in deep learning for text and image based tasks. The CNN categorizes sound clip and determines the species of bird based on input features. A model was created and put into practice.
Depicting network structures from variable data produced by unknown colored-noise driven dynamics

In recent decades, the topic of depicting network structures from output variable data, i.e., the inverse problem, turns to be a key issue in wide interdisciplinary areas, in particular, in biological and social fields. Noise inevitably exists in practical dynamic networks, and the output data are often generated via interplay between noise and network structures. The essential difficulty to solve the inverse problem is how to extract information of node links in networks under unknown and possibly strong noise. In this paper, based on the idea that the output variable data contain information not only for network topology but also for noise, we propose a method to deal with this problem, incorporating three crucial ingredients: Computing multiple matrices to extract as much as possible information on network topology and noise statistics; making a systematical matrix algebraic computation to obtain equations closed for network inference; using an effective iteration algorithm to solve the resulting nonlinear matrix equations. The above theory is established in an accurate and closed form, numerical computations convincingly verify the validity of theoretical analysis, and the possible applications in practical inverse problems are emphasized.
Comparative characteristics of on-chip single- and double-level square inductors

Detailed experimental investigations reported in this paper have determined the inductances, Q factors, and resonance frequencies of on-chip square, single-level (SL) and double-level (DL) inductors on silicon substrates, using the equivalent circuit model and the measured S parameters. Parametric studies show the effects of both strip length and inner empty area on the coupling capacitance and resonance frequency. Some scalable formulas are derived for extrapolating inductance and resonance frequency of other inductors. In the DL chips, very strong self-resonance can take place with lower resonance frequency, and the Q factor will be degraded rapidly.