Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Rice bean-adzuki bean multitrait near infrared reflectance spectroscopy prediction model: a rapid mining tool for trait-specific germplasm

In the present era of climate change, underutilized crops such as rice beans and adzuki beans are gaining prominence to ensure food security due to their inherent potential to withstand extreme conditions and high nutritional value. These legumes are bestowed with higher nutritional attributes such as protein, fiber, vitamins, and minerals than other major legumes of the Vigna family. With the typical nutrient evaluation methods being expensive and time-consuming, non-invasive techniques such as near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) combined with chemometrics have emerged as a better alternative. The present study aims to develop a combined NIRS prediction model for rice bean and adzuki bean flour samples to estimate total starch, protein, fat, sugars, phytate, dietary fiber, anthocyanin, minerals, and RGB value. We chose 20 morphometrically diverse accessions in each crop, of which fifteen were selected as the training set and five for validation of the NIRS prediction model. Each trait required a unique combination of derivatives, gaps, smoothening, and scatter correction techniques. The best-fit models were selected based on high RSQ and RPD values. High RSQ values of >0.9 were achieved for most of the studied parameters, indicating high-accuracy models except for minerals, fat, and phenol, which obtained RSQ <0.6 for the validation set. The generated models would facilitate the rapid nutritional exploitation of underutilized pulses such as adzuki and rice beans, showcasing their considerable potential to be functional foods for health promotion.
FARMERS’ KNOWLEDGE OF HEALTH AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC BENEFITS OF ORANGE FLESHED SWEET POTATO IN KWARA STATE, NIGERIA.

The socio-economic and health benefits of Orange Flesh Sweet Potato (OFSP) were the foremost and scientifically proven advantages of cultivation and consumption OFSP respectively. The present study seeks to understand farmers’ knowledge of health and socio-economic benefits of orange fleshed sweet potato in Kwara State, Nigeria. A total of 139 sweet potato farmers were sampled. A structured questionnaire was used to collect primary data. Data collected were analyzed with frequency count, percentages, mean, standard deviation and Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC). Findings showed that majority (87.1%) had knowledge of socio-economic benefits of growing OFSP. Most of the respondents (63.3%) had moderate knowledge of the socio-economic benefits of growing OFSP. The respondents agreed that consumption of OFSP improve digestion (46.8%), boost immune system (31.7%) and improve vision (12.2%). Respondents additionally agreed that growing OFSP had mainly increased household income (34.5%), improved food security (47.5%) and increased participation in social activities (33.1%). Inadequate access to planting materials (79.1%) was the leading challenges to growing OFSP. PPMC analysis indicated that household size, family members involved in farming, years of experience, number of plots, income and knowledge of OFSP were the factors that influence farmers’ perception on health/socioeconomic benefits of OFSP at p≤0.05 level of significance. This study concluded that farmers had moderate knowledge level on health and socio-economic benefits of cultivating and consumption of OFSP. Therefore, agricultural extension agents should intensify efforts in the supply of planting materials and enlightenment of health benefits for improved vision.
Enhancing Endodontic Success: Exploring Laser-Based Techniques for Root Canal Therapy Improvement

: Failures in root canal therapy may be due to many causes. Some of them, such as incomplete obturation of the root canal space and coronal microleakage, may be amenable to endodontic retreatment. Usually retreatment isconducted through the root canal system as a first approach.Endodontic success is dependent on disinfection and debridement of the canal system. Once our knowledge of optimal laser parameters for each treatment is complete, lasers can be developed that will provide dentists with the ability to care for patients with improved techniques. The use of dental lasers for root canal filling removal is an alternative to conventional endodontic therapy and can be the last chance before surgery.
Low-Dose Ionizing Radiation-Crosslinking Immunoprecipitation (LDIR-CLIP) Identified Irradiation-Sensitive RNAs for RNA-Binding Protein HuR-Mediated Decay

Simple Summary This study addresses the limited understanding of the molecular consequences of low-dose ionizing radiation (LDIR), a relatively unexplored area compared to high-dose radiation methods. The research focuses on profiling RNA species crosslinked to the RNA-binding protein human antigen R (HuR) using LDIR and high throughput RNA sequencing. The developed method involves isolating RNA fragments crosslinked to HuR through LDIR and immunoprecipitation followed by RNA sequencing, revealing rapid degradation of target mRNAs (e.g., PAX6, ZFP91, NR2F6, and CAND2) in human cell lines. Notably, the downregulation of PAX6 and NR2F6 is identified as a protein mediating the beneficial effects of LDIR on cell viability. The findings underscore the significance of investigating post-transcriptional gene regulation under LDIR conditions. Overall, this research introduces a valuable approach for understanding the impact of LDIR on RNA dynamics, shedding light on the molecular consequences and potential therapeutic applications of low-dose ionizing radiation. Abstract Although ionizing radiation (IR) is widely used for therapeutic and research purposes, studies on low-dose ionizing radiation (LDIR) are limited compared with those on other IR approaches, such as high-dose gamma irradiation and ultraviolet irradiation. High-dose IR affects DNA damage response and nucleotide–protein crosslinking, among other processes; however, the molecular consequences of LDIR have been poorly investigated. Here, we developed a method to profile RNA species crosslinked to an RNA-binding protein, namely, human antigen R (HuR), using LDIR and high-throughput RNA sequencing. The RNA fragments isolated via LDIR-crosslinking and immunoprecipitation sequencing were crosslinked to HuR and protected from RNase-mediated digestion. Upon crosslinking HuR to target mRNAs such as PAX6, ZFP91, NR2F6, and CAND2, the transcripts degraded rapidly in human cell lines. Additionally, PAX6 and NR2F6 downregulation mediated the beneficial effects of LDIR on cell viability. Thus, our approach provides a method for investigating post-transcriptional gene regulation using LDIR.
Dietary Effects of Some Plant Extracts on Laying Performance, Egg Quality, and Some Blood Parameters in Laying Hens at Different Cage Densities

Simple Summary The cage systems used in commercial laying hen breeding are preferred due to their ease of maintenance, management, and economic advantages. However, a high number of animals per unit area increases the risk of stress and disease. Due to the ban on the use of antibiotics in animal nutrition, plant extracts have taken an important place in the search for alternative additives. Therefore, in our study, the effects of three different plant extracts added to the diets of laying hens raised in different cage densities were examined. As a result, an increased cage density was associated with stress and depression in the feed consumption and metabolic profiles. Supplemental plant extracts improved some laying performance and metabolic profiles. Abstract This study was carried out to determine the effects of cage density and anise extract (AE), thyme extract (TE), and black cumin extract (BCE) supplementation in the diet of laying hens on laying performance, egg quality, and some blood parameters. A total of 288 Lohman White commercial hens were blocked according to the location of their cages. The four dietary treatments included a control, basal diet + 250 mg/kg of AE, basal diet + 250 mg/kg of BCE, and basal diet + 250 mg/kg of TE for 12 weeks. The cage density affected egg production (p < 0.05), feed consumption (p < 0.01), and cracked eggs (p < 0.05). Increasing the cage density caused a linear decrease in egg production and feed consumption. Compared to the control, there was a decrease in feed consumption (p < 0.01) in the plant extract groups, and in parallel, egg production decreased. An increased cage density did not affect the egg quality traits except the shell strength. The shell strength, yolk color, yolk index, albumen index, and Haught unit were significantly affected by the plant extracts. The cage density and plant extracts had a significant effect on the serum corticosterone and glucose (p < 0.01). The highest values of corticosterone and glucose were recorded for dietary TE with a cage density of 4 birds/cm2. On the other hand, the lowest values of these parameters were recorded for AE addition with a cage density of 3 birds/cm2. As a result, an increased cage density was associated with stress and depression in the feed consumption and metabolic profiles. Supplemental AE, BCE, and TE improved the laying performance and metabolic profiles.
RESPON SISWA TERHADAP PERANGKATCONCEPT MAPPINGASSESMENT (CMA) BERVISI SETS

ABSTRAK Kurikulum KTSP yang digunakan di dunia pendidikan Indonesia menempatkan komponen penilaian pada posisi penting. Hal ini karena komponen penilaian diyakini memberikan dampak nyata bagi keberhasilan pembelajaran kompetensi kepada siswa yang dapat dilihat dari kemampuan siswa memahami konsep. Untuk mengukur pemahaman konsep siswa maka digunakanlah Concept Mapping Assessment(CMA) bervisi SETS. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui respon siswa terhadap perangkat CMA bervisi SETS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa memberi tanggapan yang baik terhadap penggunaan CMA bervisi SETS. Hal ini terlihat berdasarkan data sebanyak 69 dari 81 siswa memberi respon positif terhadap CMA. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa perangkat CMA bervisi SETS efektif dan dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu alat penilaian. Adapun saran dianjurkan untuk melaksanakan penelitian lanjutan guna mengembangkan perangkat CMA yang lebih aplikatif didalam mengukur pencapaian kompetensi biologi lainnya.
Analgesia visceral com infusão contínua de maropitant em cadelas submetidas a ovariosalpingohisterectomia

O maropitant é utilizado em cães e gatos como antiemético sendo sua ação antagonista nos receptores NK-1, seu ligante mais próximo o neuropeptídeo conhecido como substância P, que desempenha um papel primordial na transmissão e manutenção de informações nociceptivas, assim a inibição da liberação dessa substância é considerada uma conduta para fornecer analgesia eficaz. O objetivo deste trabalho, foi avaliar a eficácia analgésica do maropitant em duas cadelas submetidas a ovariosalpingohisterectomia.
Toutes les forêts brûlent.

La foret mediterraneenne est plus menacee par les troupeaux de chevres que l'allumette. L'ennemi numero un, pour toute la foret c'est l'homme, lorsqu'il pratique l'abattage intensif et le surpâturage.
Wind Speed Prediction Model Based on Deep Learning

This article selects hourly wind speed data recorded by meteorological monitoring stations as the dataset, and conducts in-depth analysis on the preprocessing methods of wind speed data in response to the nonlinearity and instability of wind speed time series. At the same time, the algorithm principles and steps of empirical mode decomposition, comprehensive empirical mode decomposition, and complementary ensemble empirical mode decomposition were introduced, and the decomposition results of different methods were compared. In addition, in the selection of prediction algorithms for wind speed prediction models, the theoretical basis and algorithm steps of backpropagation neural networks, deep confidence networks, and long-term and short-term memory neural networks were studied, and a single model prediction performance comparison was conducted on three time series short-term prediction models. Compared with the LSTM model, the RMSE of the model established in this article decreased by 0.9422, MAE decreased by 0.6789, and MAPE decreased by 7.23%.
Research on The Evaluation of Technology Maturity in Multiple Scenarios for Hydrogen Fuel Cell

Hydrogen, as an important clean energy source, is one of the key energy pathways for the future. Hydrogen fuel cells serve as the core carrier for the current terminal applications of hydrogen energy. Based on the S-curve evolution principle of the Inventive Problem Solving Theory, this paper establishes a technology maturity evaluation index system for the multi-scenario application of hydrogen fuel cells using the literature patent measurement method. A characteristic matrix for the evaluation index of technology maturity is designed, and the technology maturity of hydrogen fuel cells in two scenarios, namely transportation and building energy supply, in China is evaluated. The research results indicate that the application of hydrogen fuel cells in transportation scenarios in China is in the growth stage, while in building energy supply scenarios, it is still in the infancy stage. These findings contribute to accurately identifying the bottleneck stages of technology and market trends, thereby promoting the rapid development of fuel cell technology in China.
Nitrification inhibitor 3 , 4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate improves nitrogen recovery and 1 accumulation in cotton plants by reducing NO 3-leaching under 15 N-urea fertilization 2 3

58 Purpose: The use of nitrification inhibitors could be an interesting alternative to enhance nitrogen 59 (N) fertilizer use efficiency in annual crops such as cotton, under tropical soil conditions. Thus, 60 our aim was to evaluate the efficiency of nitrification inhibitor 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate 61 (DMPP) in a typical tropical soil, evaluating the fate of nitrogen (N-NO3 , N-NH4 + and total N in 62 soil and leached water), N-accumulation and N recovery by cotton plants and soil. Methods: 63 Leaching columns with cotton plants were used to access N-NO3 and N-NH4 + losses in drainage 64 water. Treatments consisted in three N levels applied in side-dressing (corresponding to 50, 100 65 and 150 kg N ha) as N-urea with and without DMPP application. An additional treatment 66 (absence of N application in side-dressing) was used as control. Results: 3,4-dimethylpyrazole 67 phosphate was efficient to improve N recovery from applied urea fertilizer in plants and in the soil 68 by reducing NO3 leaching, leading to enhanced N acquisition from fertilizer and soil, augmenting 69 plants N-accumulation, mainly when high N levels above 100 kg N ha were applied. We found 70 that total N recovery increased 31% when 150 kg N ha was applied as urea + DMPP source 71 compared to conventional urea. In addition, DMPP application reduced NO3 leaching losses (c.a. 72 of 11 to 20%), although had no significant effect on shoot and root dry matter yield. Conclusion: 73 The reduction of NO3 leaching losses highlights the potential of DMPP to mitigate the impact of 74 increased urea input on leaching losses thereby improving N use efficiency and N uptake in cotton 75 crop. 76 77
Analysis and evaluation of Terrain Observation by Progressive Scans (TOPSAR) mode in Synthetic Aperture Radar

Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is a technique used in radar (RAdio Detection And Ranging) [1] systems to get high resolution images which are impossible to obtain with a conventional radar. This method allows us to acquire images from the surface of the Earth or other planets from large distances. In SAR [2], a single antenna is used to get information of the targets, and the platform movement, where the antenna is fixed, is used to spread the Doppler history of received echoes improving the resolution of processed images. Remote sensing is a wide area which studies different techniques to acquire information about targets situated at far distances. These techniques can be classified in two different areas according to their basic operation. The first group, called passive remote sensing [3] [4], uses passive sensors to acquire the energy radiated by the targets. This energy can come from an external source, such as Sun radiation, being reflected by the object or it can be emitted by the target itself. On the other hand, active remote sensing systems [4] emit pulses to illuminate the scanned area, providing their own energy. So, although it requires a more complex system, active sensing does not require an external source to operate which is an advantage when the conditions are not favourable. SAR and other radar techniques are examples of active sensors, working at frequencies between 0.3 GHz and 300GHz. These systems send pulses towards the scanned area, the interaction of each pulse with the surface originates an echo which arrives to the receiver. This echo is originated by the energy backscattered by the objects in the scene and it will be dependant of the backscattering profile of the targets (radar cross-section) [5] [6]. The time delay and strength of power received as well as frequency properties of the returns are processed to determine the target locations and characteristics. Synthetic aperture is similar to a conventional real aperture radar (RAR) antenna but it is achieved by signal processing. In a SAR, the antenna, installed in a moving platform, sends pulses to the scene and receives backscattered returns. The movement of the platform makes possible to illuminate the targets at different positions of the satellite trajectory, which is equivalent to have multiple antennas illuminating the scene at the same time. Thus, SAR is a fairly recent acquisition method that has some advantages in comparison with other remote sensing techniques. The most significant are: · Day/Night and all weather condition imaging since it does not depend on external power sources to detect the targets. · Geometric resolution independent of altitude or wavelength. · Signal data characteristic unique to the microwave region of EM spectrum which has suffers less deterioration in atmosphere propagation. The SAR systems started with aero-transported missions and later, first space missions were sent. The SAR beginning dates back to 1951 when C. Wiley postulated the Doppler
Effective Antimicrobial Prophylaxis in Surgery: The Relevance and Role of Pharmacokinetics-Pharmacodynamics

Appropriate surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis (SAP) is an important measure in preventing surgical site infections (SSIs). Although antimicrobial pharmacokinetics–pharmacodynamics (PKPD) is integral to optimizing antibiotic dosing for the treatment of infections, there is less research on preventing infections postsurgery. Whereas clinical studies of SAP dose, preincision timing, and redosing are informative, it is difficult to isolate their effect on SSI outcomes. Antimicrobial PKPD aims to explain the complex relationship between antibiotic exposure during surgery and the subsequent development of SSI. It accounts for the many factors that influence the PKs and antibiotic concentrations in patients and considers the susceptibilities of bacteria most likely to contaminate the surgical site. This narrative review examines the relevance and role of PKPD in providing effective SAP. The dose–response relationship i.e., association between lower dose and SSI in cefazolin prophylaxis is discussed. A comprehensive review of the evidence for an antibiotic concentration–response (SSI) relationship in SAP is also presented. Finally, PKPD considerations for improving SAP are explored with a focus on cefazolin prophylaxis in adults and outstanding questions regarding its dose, preincision timing, and redosing during surgery.
Quantifying the association of chipped stone crescents with wetlands and paleoshorelines of western North America

In America’s Far West, chipped stone crescents dating between approximately 12,000 to 8000 cal BP are often found associated with Western Stemmed Tradition points. Crescent function is debated, but scholars have suggested that they are closely associated with wetland habitats, an association that has never been systematically investigated. Using a geographic information system-based Euclidean distance analysis, we compared a sample of 100 geolocated crescent-bearing sites in Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Nevada, Utah, and California with reconstructed paleoshorelines. We confirmed a strong association of crescents with wetlands—94 of the 100 sites and approximately 99% of crescents themselves were located within 10 km of reconstructed paleoshorelines. Our results provide quantitative and region-wide support for a strong association of crescents with terminal Pleistocene and early Holocene wetland habitats. The diversity of aquatic habitats crescents are associated with, along with their morphology, suggests an association with faunal rather than plant resources, possibly birds of the Pacific Flyway.
A Self-Evacuation Approach for Robots in Fire Disasters

In many factory environments, mobile robots are often equipped with costly sensors to enhance detection accuracy or compensate for imprecise execution. However, these sensors are susceptible to damage in the event of a fire, leading to substantial property losses and operational delays. In this article, we introduce a fire system featuring a self-evacuation strategy for mobile robots, aimed at mitigating the adverse effects of fires. The design of fire system is capitalized on the benefits of characteristics that robots have a greater tolerance for high temperatures and poisonous gases and robots can cooperate with fire evacuation systems more effectively. The system has two components: fire prediction method and path planning algorithm. Fire prediction is used to anticipate fire behavior. Using the results of fire prediction, a cooperated path planning can direct robots to a safe house to prevent being damaged. Compared to other fire evacuation systems, our approach demonstrates a 10% higher success rate in guiding robots to safe zones, thereby preventing property losses and ensuring a more efficient response to fire emergencies.
Forward modeling of gravity data using geostatistically generated subsurface density variations

ABSTRACTUsing geostatistical models of density variations in the subsurface, constrained by geologic data, forward models of gravity anomalies can be generated by discretizing the subsurface and calculating the cumulative effect of each cell (pixel). The results of such stochastically generated forward gravity anomalies can be compared with the observed gravity anomalies to find density models that match the observed data. These models have an advantage over forward gravity anomalies generated using polygonal bodies of homogeneous density because generating numerous realizations explores a larger region of the solution space. The stochastic modeling can be thought of as dividing the forward model into two components: that due to the shape of each geologic unit and that due to the heterogeneous distribution of density within each geologic unit. The modeling demonstrates that the internally heterogeneous distribution of density within each geologic unit can contribute significantly to the resulting calculat.