Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CF-AMVRGO: Collaborative Filtering based Adaptive Moment Variance Reduction Gradient Optimizer for Movie Recommendations

ABSTRACT In recent decades, recommendation systems are used in a variety of applications like social connections, movies, music, and venues. The existing algorithms has certain limitations like data sparsity, cold start problem, and poor scalability to degrade the movie recommendation performance. To address the aforementioned concerns, a new matrix factorization-based collaborative filtering algorithm is developed to enhance movie recommendation performance. In a neural collaborative filtering algorithm, an adaptive moment variance reduction gradient optimizer is applied in low-rank matrix factorization for representing the users and items in a low dimensional latent space to obtain effective movie recommendation performance. In this paper, the proposed algorithm performance is evaluated on three benchmark datasets; movielens 100K, 1M, and 10M datasets. Simulation results showed that the proposed algorithm obtained the difference of 0.08 and 0.056 roots mean square error value in movielens 1M and 10M datasets, which are better compared to the existing collaborative filtering-based deep learning algorithm.
High-Coverage Point-to-Point Transit

This study focuses on the optimization and simulation modeling associated with the design of alternative transportation, the high-coverage point-to-point transit (HCPPT), which involves a sufficient number of deployed small vehicles with advanced-information supply schemes. This paper identifies the inefficiency of the existing heuristic rules for vehicle routing and proposes a new optimization approach for an HCPPT solution. A path-based model for routing through multiple hubs as opposed to a single pair of hubs is formulated to improve HCPPT operational schemes. This study also develops a simulation framework for the application of the proposed algorithm. To illustrate the system and computational performances of the proposed model, simulations are conducted with different sets of scenarios and model parameters. The path-based model shows reasonable performance over the various demand patterns in level of service and ride time index. It is also shown that, with the use of constraint-driven schemes and model parameters, the scale of the problem is reduced. The computational times are shown to be quite small, and demonstrate the viability in real-time operations.
Infant formula supplemented with 1,3-olein-2-palmitin regulated the immunity, gut microbiota, and metabolites of mice colonized by healthy infant feces.

Infant formula is currently an important food to cope with insufficient breastfeeding. Although 1,3-olein-2-palmitin (OPO) has been used in infant formula, its effects on the immune system, gut microbiota, and metabolites for infants remain unclear. This study constructed a mouse model of colonizing healthy infant feces using antibiotic treatment and fecal microbial transplantation. Thus, the gap between the infant formula supplemented with OPO and human milk in mouse serum biochemistry, immune system, intestinal microbiota, short-chain fatty acid production, and metabolites was evaluated. Our results showed that regarding IL-9, IL-10 levels, fecal secretory IgA, and endotoxin, formula supplemented with OPO and human milk types had comparable levels. Additionally, OPO slightly increased the content of short-chain fatty acids. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and metabonomics analysis demonstrated that feeding different foods affects the gut microbiota of mice; in particular, supplementing formula feeding with OPO enriched the abundance of bifidobacteria. Furthermore, feeding different foods leads to unique intestinal content of metabolites, and the gut microbiota regulates the metabolites' differences. Our results reveal a brand new perspective of OPO regarding gut microbiota and metabolites.
ZSTK474 Sensitizes Glioblastoma to Temozolomide by Blocking Homologous Recombination Repair

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults. Temozolomide (TMZ) is used as the standard chemotherapeutic agent for GBM but with limited success, and treatment failure is mainly due to tumor resistance. One of the leading causes of TMZ resistance is the upregulation of the DNA repair mechanism. Therefore, targeting the DNA damage response (DDR) is proposed to be an effective strategy to sensitize tumor cells to TMZ. In the present study, we demonstrated that the combined use of the PI3K inhibitor ZSTK474 and TMZ showed synergetic anticancer effects on human GBM cells in vitro and in vivo. The combination treatment led to significantly increased cell apoptosis and DNA double strand breaks (DSBs). In addition, a mechanistic study indicated that TMZ enhanced the homologous recombination (HR) repair efficiency in GBM cells, while ZSTK474 impaired HR repair by blocking the phosphorylation of ATM and the expression of BRCA1/2 and Rad51, thereby sensitizing GBM cells to TMZ. Moreover, TMZ activated the PI3K signaling pathway through upregulation of the PI3K catalytic subunits p110α and p110β and the phosphorylation of Akt. Meanwhile, ZSTK474 blocked the activity of the PI3K/Akt pathway. Taken together, our findings suggested that the combination of ZSTK474 and TMZ might be a potential therapeutic option for GBM.
Caracterización molecular de pacientes con cáncer colorrectal

Resumen Introducción. El cáncer colorrectal tiene una alta incidencia en la población mundial. Diversas vías moleculares están involucradas en su desarrollo, entre ellas, la inestabilidad cromosómica, la inestabilidad microsatelital y la epigenética. Objetivo. Hacer la caracterización molecular de 44 individuos con cáncer colorrectal esporádico. Materiales y métodos. El análisis de mutaciones en los genes APC, KRAS, TP53 y BRAF se hizo mediante secuenciación de Sanger; la inestabilidad microsatelital se determinó mediante electroforesis capilar utilizando cinco marcadores de repetición corta en tándem (Short Tandem Repeat) y el estado de metilación del promotor del gen MLH1 se hizo con la técnica MS-PCR (Methylation-Specific PCR). Resultados. La frecuencia de mutación de los genes APC, KRAS y TP53 fue del 18,1, 25 y 4,5 %, respectivamente; las mutaciones detectadas se localizaron con mayor frecuencia en el colon derecho. La frecuencia de inestabilidad microsatelital fue del 27,2 % y el 73,1 % en los tumores con metilación en el gen MHL1, y el 91,6 % de los tumores con inestabilidad microsatelital presentaba metilación en el gen MLH1. En el grupo de tumores con estabilidad microsatelital, las mutaciones en los genes APC, KRAS y TP53 fueron más frecuentes que en el grupo de tumores con inestabilidad microsatelital. La metilación del gen MLH1 fue la alteración más predominante. Conclusiones. En los pacientes con cáncer colorrectal evaluados se demostró la presencia de alteraciones moleculares en las diferentes vías genéticas, las cuales son comunes en su carcinogénesis. Los pacientes presentaron un perfil de mutaciones diferente al de otras poblaciones. Los hallazgos obtenidos en este estudio confirman la heterogeneidad molecular descrita en el desarrollo del cáncer colorrectal.
Outdoor Performance Characterization of the Poly-crystalline Silicon Solar Module

The outdoor performance characterization of the poly-crystalline silicon solar PV module was studied. Daily solar illumination data were measured using two pyranometers and analyzed together with the module output power. The present paper reports the temperature dependencies of full-spectrum photovoltaic parameters for poly-crystalline PV module. The measurements were performed under outdoor environment conditions. The most interesting feature that was observed for these devices is that above a cell temperature of 20 0C the positive temperature coefficient observed for the short-circuit current exceeds in magnitude the negative temperature coefficient that was found for the open-circuit voltage. This means that, unlike the situation for conventional PV module, these cells actually exhibit decrease in efficiency with increasing temperatureJournal of Science Foundation 2018;16(1):13-19
Design on Novel Door Lock Using Minimizing Physical Exposure and Fingerprint Recognition Technology

Digital door locks are widely used not only in general homes such as houses and apartments, but also in spaces where external intrusion must be prevented based on high security and convenience. Recently, smart door locks with additional technologies such as fingerprint recognition and Bluetooth communication have also been developed, and the door lock market is on the rise. Digital door locks are more convenient to use compared to the existing key-type door locks. However, there are often cases of exploiting security vulnerabilities such as exploiting and invading the user's trace remaining on the door lock. This paper proposes a door lock with a structure that can complement the shape of the current door lock exposed to the outside and minimize the user's fingerprint trace. In addition, a method of reinforcing security is applied using fingerprint recognition through image processing and a random pattern number arrangement. An experiment was conducted to confirm whether the door lock of this type was actually usable, and the recognition of partially damaged fingerprints was also confirmed. It was shown that the door lock structure proposed in this paper can maximize security by combining fingerprint recognition technology and random pattern numbering while minimizing external exposure.
Strategies for Controlling the Spatial Orientation of Single Molecules Tethered on DNA Origami Templates Physisorbed on Glass Substrates: Intercalation and Stretching

Nanoarchitectural control of matter is crucial for next-generation technologies. DNA origami templates are harnessed to accurately position single molecules; however, direct single molecule evidence is lacking regarding how well DNA origami can control the orientation of such molecules in three-dimensional space, as well as the factors affecting control. Here, we present two strategies for controlling the polar (θ) and in-plane azimuthal (ϕ) angular orientations of cyanine Cy5 single molecules tethered on rationally-designed DNA origami templates that are physically adsorbed (physisorbed) on glass substrates. By using dipolar imaging to evaluate Cy5′s orientation and super-resolution microscopy, the absolute spatial orientation of Cy5 is calculated relative to the DNA template. The sequence-dependent partial intercalation of Cy5 is discovered and supported theoretically using density functional theory and molecular dynamics simulations, and it is harnessed as our first strategy to achieve θ control for a full revolution with dispersion as small as ±4.5°. In our second strategy, ϕ control is achieved by mechanically stretching the Cy5 from its two tethers, being the dispersion ±10.3° for full stretching. These results can in principle be applied to any single molecule, expanding in this way the capabilities of DNA as a functional templating material for single-molecule orientation control. The experimental and modeling insights provided herein will help engineer similar self-assembling molecular systems based on polymers, such as RNA and proteins.
Assessment of blood serum renalase in end stage kidney failure patient in Babylon city

End-stage renal disease is associated with significant changes in cardiovascular function, fluid, electrolyte, acid-base balance homeostasis, bone metabolism, erythropoiesis, and blood coagulation. Between October and the end of December 2021, the study recruited (30) patients and (20) healthy control subjects. Several physiological parameters, such as (urea, creatinine, renalase, and glomerular filtration rate). The results of the current study showed that the patient groups have significant statistical significance (P≤ 0.05) levels of RNLS, Urea, GFR, and creatinine in contrast with control groups, resulting insignificantly differences (P≤ 0.05).
Alcohol's effects on the mouse brain are modulated by age and sex

Binge alcohol consumption is common among adolescents and may impair normal brain development. Emerging, longitudinal studies in adolescents suggest that the effects of binge alcohol exposure on brain structure differ between sexes. To test the hypothesis that the effects of binge alcohol exposure on developmental brain growth trajectories are influenced by age of exposure and sex, adolescent and adult, male and female C57Bl/6 mice (n = 32), were exposed to a binge‐like ethanol (EtOH) exposure paradigm (i.e., 5 cycles of 2 on/2 off days of 5 g/kg EtOH intraperitoneal) or served as saline controls. Longitudinal structural magnetic resonance imaging was acquired at baseline, following binge EtOH exposure, and after 2 weeks of recovery. Alcohol treatment showed interactions with age and sex in altering whole brain volume: adolescents of both sexes demonstrated inhibited whole brain growth relative to their control counterparts, although significance was only attained in female mice which showed a larger magnitude response to EtOH compared to male mice. In region of interest analyses, the somatosensory cortex and cerebellum showed inhibited growth in male and female adolescent mice exposed to EtOH, but the difference relative to controls did not reach multiple comparison‐corrected statistical significance. These data suggest that in mice exposed to binge EtOH treatment, adolescent age of exposure and female sex may confer a higher risk to the detrimental effects of EtOH on brain structure and reinforce the need for direct testing of both sexes.
Production of Head-Up Display windshield and its relation with the image quality

: Previously, car windshields served as a barrier against the wind or to prevent the driver from flying outside the vehicle in a collision. The windshield is therefore laminated and consists of two glasses and an intermediate layer consisting of the so-called polyvinyl butyral foil. The latest trend in car windshields is to consider the windshield as a display and project key information onto the windshield. Such glasses are called head-up displays. Various information such as car speed or route can be projected. The driver thus constantly maintains contact with the road, which increases driving safety. Head-Up Display quality is key to display information correctly without negative effects. Such a negative effect is if the displayed information is duplicated, which is called ghosting or double-image. This effect is undesirable and ranks first among the defects we detect in Head-Up Displays. The aim of this article is to compare different production technologies with a focus on the quality of HUD projection and on the double-image occurrence. The production technology enabling optimal HUD image quality is discussed as well. The article deals with a summary of HUD production technologies, focusing on the most common defect that occurs in HUD windshields and which reduce the overall quality of the product. The article evaluates and summarizes the key findings from the perspective of the end customer, but also in terms of the production process. For the driver, as an end customer, it is a source of information according to which he can orient himself in the offer of car equipment. It can be useful for production or development people in terms of process-ability and process costs. At the same time, the benefits and negatives of using windshields with a Head-Up Display are discussed.
High prevalence of esophagitis in patients with severe ineffective esophageal motility: need for a new diagnostic cutoff

Background A new classification criterion for diagnosing ineffective esophageal motility (IEM) was proposed at the 2018 Stanford symposium, but limited data exists about the utility of this criterion. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study among 3826 patients treated at the Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hanoi, Vietnam, between March 2018 and May 2020. Patients were classified as having normal motility, mild IEM, severe IEM, or absent contractility based on the Chicago classification version 3.0 and the new IEM criterion (severe IEM was defined as having >70% ineffective swallows). We examined the association between these 4 motility subgroups and the presence of erosive esophagitis and Barrett’s esophagus, using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results The mean age of the study sample was 44.7 years and 66.3% were women. The prevalence of symptoms, hiatal hernia, and Helicobacter pylori-positive patients was similar in the 4 study groups. The 4-second integrated relaxation pressures and lower esophageal sphincter resting pressures were lower in patients with severe IEM and absent contractility. Severe IEM and absent contractility, but not mild IEM, were significantly associated with Los Angeles (LA) grade B-D esophagitis (relative risk ratio [RRR] for severe IEM 1.81, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.17-2.80; and RRR for absent contractility 2.37, 95%CI 1.12-5.04). None of the hypomotility subgroups were associated with LA grade A esophagitis and Barrett’s esophagus. Conclusions Patients with severe IEM have a high prevalence of severe erosive esophagitis. These findings suggest the need for a more meaningful classification criterion for IEM.
An Unpowered Sensor Node for Real-Time Water Quality Assessment (Humic Acid Detection)

A zero-power microwave sensor is reported for the real-time assessment of water quality. The proposed structure is able to transmit sensed data directly to a base-station without additional data processing at the wireless sensor node (WSN) which results in less power consumption. The base-station propagates a single tone signal at the frequency of f0/2. At the sensing node, an antenna absorbs that signal and a passive frequency doubler makes its frequency twice, i.e., f0, which will be used as the carrier signal. Two pairs of open-ended coaxial probes are used as liquid sensors; one inside a known reference sample and the other one inside the water under test. A combination of both sensors’ data will be sent to the base-station. A special six-port structure is used for modulation of sensed data over the carrier. At the base-station, a receiver will demodulate the received signal for extracting the sensed data. As an example, the system has been evaluated at f0 = 2.45 GHz for the detection of Humic-Acid levels as a common contaminant of river waters.
Design Algorithm of an Aircraft Power Generation System

The paper deals with the design and testing of a power generation system for the future and existing aircrafts. A new design algorithm of the power generation components is presented. The proposed design algorithm was tested on a prototype: a full-size starter-generator and transformer–rectifier unit prototype was created with a transformer magnetic core made up of an amorphous magnetic material. Its stand tests were carried out both for each element and for the entire system. The proposed algorithm can be used to create power supply systems for aircraft with different voltage levels, including 270 Vdc and 200 Vac. The developed power generation system turned out to be 25–40% better than serial solutions by mass and efficiency.
Proteinaceous Matter and Liquid Water in Fine Aerosols in Nanchang, Eastern China: Seasonal Variations, Sources, and Potential Connections

The transformation of aerosol proteinaceous matter (PrM) has potentially adverse environmental and health effects. The origins and atmospheric processes of PrM have obtained an increasing interest, but there are still large uncertainties. Although aerosol liquid water (ALW) has been found to be vital in numerous atmospheric processes, its impact on atmospheric degradation of PrM remains poorly understood. ALW, proteins, and low molecular weight PrM (LMW PrM, <10 kDa) were investigated in fine aerosols (PM2.5) collected in urban and suburban Nanchang (Eastern China) over a 1‐year period. The average concentrations of proteins and LMW PrM in the urban center were higher than those in the suburban area. Urban PrM tended to increase from cool season to warm season, which was opposite to the case of suburban PrM. These differences could be attributed to varied sources and atmospheric processes of PrM. Increase in ALW was prominent from the suburban site to the urban site, which was attributable to increased anthropogenic nitrate and sulfate. LMW PrM can be degraded from higher molecular weight PrM by ozone. Furthermore, correlation analysis between LMW PrM and ozone and ALW suggested that the enhanced ALW in the urban center facilitated the ozone‐induced LMW PrM release. The ALW‐related protein degradation was further supported by ozone exposure experiments with bovine serum albumin and PM2.5 samples under dry condition. Our findings suggest that ALW is a crucial promoter during PrM degradation by ozone, providing new insights into atmospheric transformation of proteins.
Investigation of RGB to HSI Conversion Methods for Early Plant Disease Detection Using Hierarchical Synthesis Convolutional Neural Networks

An early detection of disease can save the plant. One of the ways is by using eye-observation, which is time-consuming. Having a machine learning technology that can automate early detection would benefit modern and conventional farming. This study emphasizes the review of Hyperspectral Image (HSI) reconstruction using the Hierarchical Synthesis Convolutional Neural Networks (HSCNN) based method in early plant disease detection. Capturing hundreds of spectral bands during image acquisition enables the HSI capturing devices to provide more detailed information. Detection of disease with Red Green Blue (RGB) images needs to be done when it shows a notable spot or sign. However, the disease can be spotted with the correct range of spectral bands on HSI before a notable spot or sign is shown. The usage of HSI image is significantly important as it is rich in information and properties needed for image detection. Although HSI device is significantly important in early plant disease detection, the devices are expensive and require specialized hardware and expertise. Thus, reconstructing the Reg Green Blue (RGB) image to HSI is required. This research implemented two types of HSCNN-based methods, Densed network (HSCNN-D) and Rectified Linear Unit network (HSCNN-R), for HSI reconstructions. The results show that HSCNN-D outperformed the HSCNN-R with less Mean Relative Absolute Error (MRAE) of 2.15%.
Preference for Inequality and Ethical Trade-Offs: A U.S. – Turkey Comparison

Societies and organizations face the dual challenges of increasing economic prosperity while also achieving social justice and protecting individual human rights. Drawing on cross-cultural research and social dominance theory, we investigate differences in trade-off decisions between managers and professionals from the U.S. and Turkey in responding to ethical dilemmas in two contexts: business organizations and their respective societies at large. U.S. managers, compared with their Turkish counterparts, and individuals of both the U.S. and Turkish nationalities with stronger social dominance orientation, prioritized economic prosperity over social justice, and the rights of the privileged over rights of the disadvantaged. Finally, social dominance orientation mediated some of the nationality effects. Theoretical and practical implications of cross- and within-cultural differences in ethical trade-offs are discussed.