Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High Responsivity and Detectivity Graphene-Silicon Majority Carrier Tunneling Photodiodes with a Thin Native Oxide Layer

A photocurrent amplifier operable at low bias voltages with high responsivity and detectivity is highly demanding for various optoelectronic applications. This study shows majority carrier graphene-native oxide-silicon (GOS) photocurrent amplifiers complying with the demands. The photocurrent amplification is primarily attributed to the photoinduced Schottky barrier height (SBH) lowering for majority carriers. The unavoidably formed thin native oxide layer between graphene and silicon during the wet graphene transfer process plays significant roles in lowering of the dark leakage current as well as photoinduced SBH lowering. As a result, the photocurrent to dark current ratio is as high as ∼12.7 at the optical power density of 1.45 mW cm–2. These GOS devices show a high responsivity of 5.5 AW–1 at an optical power (458 nm in wavelength) of 15 μWcm–2, which corresponds to ∼1400% quantum efficiency. Further the response speed is as fast as a few ten-microseconds. Thus, these GOS majority carrier photodiodes.
The reduced differential transform and variational iteration methods for 3D diffusion model in fractal heat transfer within local fractional operators

Hossein JAFARI *, Hassan Kamil JASSIM , and Javad VAHIDI a,d a Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa b Department of Mathematics, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran c Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Education for Pure Sciences, University of Thi-Qar, Nasiriyah, Iraq d Department of Mathematics, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
Effects of Entrepreneurial Family Background on Students' Entrepreneurial Intention: A Study at Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus and Universiti Utara Malaysia, Sintok Campus

The purpose of this study is to analyse the determinants of students' intention towards entrepreneurship. This study used the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) represented by three variables (attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behaviour control) and family background as the determinant that could influence students' intention to become an entrepreneur. A total sample of 489 university students from Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus and Universiti Utara Malaysia, Sintok Campus was used in the analysis. Results from the study indicated that perceived behaviour control had a significant relationship towards students' intention to become an entrepreneur. At the same time, attitudes and subjective norms were not significantly related to students' intention towards entrepreneurship. This study also examined the impact of entrepreneurial family background as a mediating factor in the relationships between attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behaviour control towards students' entrepreneurial intentions. The findings can contribute to new knowledge in the field of the family business and have practical implications in entrepreneurship education for university students.
An Adaptive Fully Integrated Wide-Range Power Management Unit With Fractional Charge Pump for Micro-Scale Energy Harvesting Applications

This paper presents a fully integrated power management system suited for AC/DC micro-scale energy harvesting applications. The system employs a CMOS rectifier followed by a DC-DC charge pump (CP) and a capless low dropout regulator (LDO) to provide a regulated output voltage of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1.5 V$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. The proposed CP can provide a fractional voltage conversion ratio in a step of 0.25 to support wide AC/DC input range from <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.4-1.5V$ </tex-math></inline-formula> in the DC mode and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.6-1. 6V_{peak}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> in the AC mode. The system efficiency is optimized using real-time monitoring of the input current supplied to the CP. The proposed system is reconfigurable, with the aid of a finite state machine, to maximize end-to-end efficiency. This is achieved by adaptively optimizing the number of stages and switching frequency that provides the required output voltage. The proposed system is implemented in 180nm CMOS technology and utilizes a total on-chip flying capacitance of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2.4nF$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. Measurement results show that for DC operation, the system achieves a peak efficiency of 74% at a total output power of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1.1mW$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. For AC operation, the system is designed with a rectifier peak efficiency of 84.2% and a total end-to-end efficiency of 58.6%.
Music and Boredom: A First Insight Into an Unexplored Relationship

While the positive effects of music listening have received much attention, insights into the negative effects are rare, such as the experience of boredom. In two consecutive online surveys using qualitative (N = 266) and quantitative methods (N = 719), participants were asked to retrospectively report their experience of boredom while listening to music. The experience of boredom depends on a combination of factors, such as musical features or styles combined with a certain situation, or the dislike of that music. Boredom is also accompanied by feelings of high and low arousal such as annoyance, anger, fatigue, and listlessness. Notably, boredom in the context of music does not only refer to an emotional state but is also used as a disparaging judgment of music. The associated musical features of “boring” music, such as repetition and monotony, go along with a perceived simplicity and uniformity in specific musical styles (e.g., German schlager, pop, EDM, or rap). Overall, the prevalence of boredom during music listening was low in the current sample, where 77% never or rarely experience boredom, but 46% report experiencing it moderately to very severely when it occurs. Participants with higher musical perceptual abilities report experiencing boredom more frequently and intensely, while a higher active engagement with music and higher agreeableness seem to prevent one from “musical” boredom. The results align with typical aspects of general boredom and contribute to the understanding of the variety of factors that compose an averse form of an aesthetic experience with music.
SOI FinFET Design Optimization for Radiation Hardening and Performance Enhancement

This work proposes Total Ionizing Dose (TID) hardening techniques compatible with conventional 14-nm-node silicon-on-insulator (SOI) FinFETs’ process flows through performing 3-dimensional (3-D) simulations based on technology computer-aided design (TCAD) tools. The simulation results reveal a significantly critical TID impact induced by trapped charges in the buried oxide (BOX) and the spacer with calibration against 14 nm SOI FinFET’s experimental data (error ¡ 6%). Inspired by the physical interpretation, an optimization technique featuring an optimized gate structure, spacer length, and substrate bias is designed. The optimized gate structure is utilized to enhance the local gate-to-channel coupling at the bottom and reduce the generation and capture of electron-hole pairs. By reducing the spacer length, a lower sensitive volume in the spacer can effectively suppress the TID response. The setting of the negative substrate bias greatly improves the subthreshold characteristics, weakening the TID effect in the BOX. By adopting the combined optimization including these techniques, the threshold voltage shift <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$(\Delta V_{\mathrm{ TH}})$ </tex-math></inline-formula> induced by a 5 Mrad(SiO2) irradiation can be reduced to 21 mV, whereas <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Delta V_{\mathrm{ TH}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is 45 mV with only gate structure optimized and 97 mV without hardening. Meanwhile, the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$I_{\mathrm{ ON}}/I_{\mathrm{ OFF}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> after radiation increases to <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1\times 10\,\,^{\mathrm{ 7}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, which is at least four orders of magnitude better than the original device. Meanwhile, subthreshold swing (SS) is reduced from 81 mV/dec to 71 mV/dec, and Drain Induced Barrier Lowering (DIBL) is reduced from 120 mV/V to 99 mV/V, respectively. The combined optimization design is demonstrated as an effective method to improve the tolerance against TID irradiation without compromising performance, promoting 14 nm SOI FinFET’s application in future harsh space environments.
Transportation Control of Double-Pendulum Cranes With a Nonlinear Quasi-PID Scheme: Design and Experiments

In real-world applications, industrial cranes commonly suffer from effects caused by the so-called double-pendulum phenomenon in many situations. However, at present, the double-pendulum phenomenon is usually directly roughly neglected when designing control methods. For double-pendulum cranes, most currently available approaches are open loop control; the existing feedback methods are mostly developed based on linearized dynamic models (around the equilibrium point) or designed without adding integral terms in the control laws, which may cause positioning errors in the presence of unmodeled dynamics. To address these problems, this paper proposes a new quasi-proportional integral derivative control method to effectively control underactuated double-pendulum crane systems. Then, we provide rigorous theoretical analysis for the equilibrium point of the closed-loop system based on the original nonlinear dynamic equations. To our knowledge, this paper gives the first plant-parameter-free controller that incorporates both integral action and actuating constraints without any linearizing operations during controller design or closed-loop analysis, which theoretically ensures that the controller can work well in the presence of unmodeled dynamics (e.g., insufficient friction compensation), actuating constraints, and large swing angles (i.e., not satisfying linearization conditions). Finally, hardware experimental results are provided to examine the effectiveness of the suggested control method.
Euler and N-S grid generation for Halis configuration with body flap

The purpose of this paper is two fold. First, a high quality grid for the Halis geometry has been generated. The grid is optimized with regard to smoothness, orthogonality, and skewness. In particular, the grid is almost orthogonal on fixed boundaries to simplify the usage of turbulence models. Second, a topology has been designed that aligns the grid with the expected streamline distribution as much as possible to improve the accuracy of the numerical solution, and, at the same time, allows the reduction of the number of grid points needed. This is an important aspect in driving down computing time. For a flow adapted grid topology the number of blocks is higher than for a simple topology. Consequently, the number of points per block is smaller. In addition, the number of grid points may differ substantially from block to block. This feature has two consequences. First, an advanced topology cannot be used by codes that rely on large blocks, for instance, codes that ran on vector computers demanding long vector lengths. This type of topology will also be difficult for codes using the mult-grid technique because grid coarsening win be less effective for smaller blocks.
Striving for Being in the Line of Life: Personal Active Ageing Strategies in Iranian Seniors

Active ageing is a multidimensional, relative, and context-dependent concept with different paths and outcomes. This qualitative study aimed to explore personal active aging strategies in a specific context. Following a directed thematic analysis procedure, we conducted semi-structured individual interviews with 39 seniors (men and women) between the ages of 60-97 years selected with purposeful sampling, data collection and analysis were concurrent. We used directed content analysis to analyze the data from interviews, written narratives, and field notes. The reliability of data was fulfilled following Lincoln and Guba criteria. We stopped data collection when no new concepts were added, and data saturation occurred. Based on the experience of seniors, we identified four categories: (a) Reventive, (b) Coping, (c) Internal Self-Control, and (d) Opportunity Exploiting Strategies. These described the active aging strategies when encountering age-related change. Utilizing these strategies, the senior accompanied the lifetime. The finding suggests that active aging is a continuous process in confronting age-related change. The identified strategies can help promote active aging by familiarizing the elderly with opportunities of life and training them in how to use these strategies.
Acute pancreatitis: It can be the first sign of silent gallstones

Objective: The management of asymptomatic cholelithiasis is controversial. Silent gallstones are generally assumed to cause complications after at least one episode of biliary colic. The ratio of those silent stones that had initially caused, -or were diagnosed as the etiological agent of- acute pancreatitis has not been reported in the literature yet. Our study was designed to investigate the ratio of asymptomatic cholelithiasis in acute biliary pancreatitis cases. Material and Methods: One hundred and seventy-one patients of 305 cases, who were followed up with the diagnosis of acute biliary pancreatitis, were identified retrospectively. Demographic specifications, laboratory findings and clinical progressions of the patients were inspected. Clinical histories were detailed by phone calls. Gallstones were radiologically detected in 85 out of 171 cases. Those patients were divided as symptomatic and asymptomatic. Clinical findings and follow-ups were evaluated by “Chi-square” test. Results: In the study group, 80% of the patients were asymptomatic (n= 68) and 16.47% of the patients (n= 14) had complicated pancreatitis. Regarding the severity of the clinical course, being symptomatic or not was not identified as a significant factor (p= 0.108). In regard of creating symptoms, the size of the stone was not significant (p= 0.561) and obtained no prediction about the clinical severity of the pancreatitis (p= 0.728). Conclusion: Asymptomatic cholelithiasis patients had a major percentage in acute biliary pancreatitis cases. The “wait and see” approach should be re-evaluated for silent gallstones in prospective trials.
IDEOLOGICAL TENDENCIES INSIDE THREE SELECTED WESTERN MEDIA ON HAGIA SOPHIA ISSUE

This study investigated the three selected western media that concerned on Hagia Sophia issue. The main objective of this research attempt to figure out ideological tendencies inside in the articles of the three selected western media. This research utilized a descriptive – qualitative method to analyze on the ‘hot’ issue of Hagia Sophia by investigating the positive and negative of attitudinal types of their ideological tendencies of the three selected western media of their news published online. By adopting the theory based on Martin’s theory (2005) a fairly new extension in the area of Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) which provides o analyze This theory supplies Instrumental analysis of texts for building writers/speakers’ propositions to describe their semantic interpersonal meanings inside their texts published. The research found 18 affectual types, 15 judgmental types and 3 appreciation types. This research utilized the online newspapers of the three selected western media as the research data. The findings showed that that positive and negative attitude of study reveal that three sub-systems of language appraisal Affect found 18 data (50%) exceeded the two others. The inscribed and positive exceeded the invoked and the negative attitude. The ideological tendencies of the three selected western media showed that Affect category most frequently used by western media and some of newspaper statements which indicate that their views or ideologies to protest the policy to regain Hagia Sophia as a mosque. to regain the Hagia Sophia belongs to the world’s heritage not belonged by the Muslims or Turkey people only.
International Student Destination Choice: Institutional Influence

The effort to increase the number of international students in Higher Education Institutions through Malaysia's promotion and marketing program as an international higher education hub has been emphasized through the National Higher Education Strategic Plan. This is because the entry of international student into the country not only contributes to economic growth but also the skills, research capabilities, innovative ideas and solutions from international students can contribute to the value of an international university. This study aims to identify the motives and institutional factors that influence the decisions of international students in the selection of study destination abroad. Additionally, university marketing promotion and promotion strategies in realizing the international student improvement efforts are also discussed by looking at their relevance to institutional factors. it is hoped that this study provides ideas and useful information to the university in acheiving status of ''world class univerisity'' as well as improving the quality of nation's higher education.
“The novel has simply made me more aware of how I meet other people” – attitude awareness in intercultural education

ABSTRACT To prepare student teachers for the diversity they will face in schools, they have to develop intercultural competence. This paper analyses an assignment in teacher education, where the purpose is to impart this competence to student teachers. Student teachers read and reflected on a novel related to a multicultural context, and we examined in what way(s) fiction, in teacher education, may contribute to their awareness of attitudes related to othering and stereotyping of Third Culture Kids. The data consists of individual texts, group discussions, and group presentations. We found, first, the student teachers were made aware of how their ways of expressing diversity may contribute to othering. Second, they became aware of their stereotyping and questioned accepted truths. Third, they demonstrated they can transfer knowledge from one situation (the novel) to another (the society). Our understanding is that the assignment analysed can be a valuable supplement to theory in teacher education.
Ilmastoasenteiden maantiede: sosiospatiaalisuuden merkitys kansainvälisessä tutkimuskirjallisuudessa

As the climate crisis intensifies, research on climate change attitudes has become extensive. Different factors associated with them have been analysed across disciplines and contexts. This paper presents a systematic literature review for exploring whether and how socio-spatiality has been discussed and examined in the research of climate change attitudes. The final data consists of 82 individual research articles published in 59 academic journals in 2012‒2022. In the data, the most common spatial perspectives on climate change attitudes relate to geographical aggregates and differences in the attitudes, and how changes in local climates can affect individuals’ perceptions. Examining them as intersubjective constructs formed in social relations and local interaction is rare. Additionally, our findings attest to the ambiguity in understanding the term “attitude”. We conclude that research on climate change attitudes needs more effort to examine the socio-spatial dynamics in local contexts and to take more transparent stances on defining the applied concepts.
Multivariate discrete reversed hazard rates

ABSTRACT In the present paper, we define and study four versions of multivariate discrete reversed hazard rates, namely scalar reversed hazard rate, vector reversed hazard rate, alternative reversed hazard rate, and conditional reversed hazard rate. Various properties of these functions are studied. Interrelationships between these reversed hazard rates are explored. We also present characterization of discrete distributions using these reversed hazard rates.
Balanced containment control and cooperative timing of a multiagent system over random communication graphs

A multiagent system is considered, which is tasked with the objective of approaching a predetermined target from a desired region to minimize detection and then simultaneously converge at the target. The considered cooperative timing problem consists of 2 stages: navigation and simultaneous arrival. During the navigation stage, the agents are driven from a distant starting point toward the target while restricting their motion within a desired area. Only a few agents (ie, leaders) are equipped with the desired bearing information to the target, whereas the remaining agents (ie, followers) may only have local feedback with neighboring agents to coordinate their headings. No range information to the target and no absolute or other relative position information among agents are available. The arrival stage begins when agents enter a neighborhood of the target (ie, range information becomes available during the arrival stage), and agents coordinate their motion to perform simultaneous arrival. The agents could experience random loss of communication with immediate neighbors, which results in a stochastic communication network. On the basis of the random communication network, balanced containment control is developed, which almost surely restricts the motion of the group within a desired region while equally spacing the agents. An almost sure consensus algorithm is designed for agents to coordinate the simultaneous arrival time by achieving a consensus on informed agents during the arrival stage. Simulation results demonstrate the performance of the developed approach.
Prominence activation, optical flare, and post-flare loops on the RS Canum Venaticorum star SZ Piscium

We present the results of time-resolved high-resolution spectroscopic observations of the very active RS Canum Venaticorum (RS CVn) star SZ Piscium (SZ Psc), obtained during two consecutive observing nights on 2011 October 24 and 25. Several optical chromospheric activity indicators are analysed using the spectral subtraction technique, which show the remarkably different behaviour between two nights. Gradually blue-shifted and strengthened excess absorption features presented in the series of the subtracted spectra (especially for the H alpha, He I D-3, and H beta lines), as a result of active stellar prominence that is rising its height along the line of our sight, was detected in the observations on October 24. This prominence activation event was probably associated with the subsequently occurred optical flare, and part of that flare decay phase was hunted in the observations on October 25. The flare was characterized by the prominent He I D-3 line emission, as well as stronger chromospheric emission in the H alpha, H beta, and other active lines. The gradual decay of flare was accompanied by an obviously developmental absorption feature in the blue wing of the H alpha and other active lines, which could be explained as cool post-flare loops which projected against the bright flare background. Therefore, a series of possibly associated magnetic activity phenomena, including flare-related prominence activation, optical flare, and post-flare loops, were detected during our observations.