Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design and development of wiring harness test based on S3C44B0

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to introduce a design method of an embedded advanced RISC machines (ARM) hardware circuit using the microprocessor S3C44B0 as a core according to a testing principle of wiring harness.Design/methodology/approach – The microprocessor module is designed with the S3C44B0 of Samsung Corp. The microprocessor send test instructions to the wiring harness circuit, receive and store the test data, get and display the test results by the liquid crystal display, and the wiring harness testing circuit is implemented by complex programmable logic device. The uClinux operating system is transplanted into the ARM hardware platform, and the developing and loading code of the uClinux device driver and a basic flow chart is given.Findings – The combination of S3C44B0 and uClinux embedded microprocessors achieved a powerful wiring harness tester driver development. This structure leads to a flexible configuration and convenient extension.Research limitations/implications – A Linux deve.
Assembly on moving production line based on sensor fusion

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop an intelligent robot assembly system for the moving production line. Moving production lines are widely used in many manufacturing factories, including automotive and general industries. Industrial robots are hardly used to perform any tasks on the moving production lines. One of the main reasons is that it is difficult for conventional industrial robots to adjust to any sort of change. Therefore, more intelligent industrial robotic systems have to be developed to adopt the random motion of the moving production lines. This paper presents an intelligent robotics system that performs an assembly process while the object is moving, using synergic combination of visual servoing and force control technology.Design/methodology/approach – The developed intelligent robotic system includes some rules to ensure the success of the assembly processes. Also visual servoing and force control are used to deal with the random motion of the moving objects. Since the objec.
Probabilistic approach for optimal allocation of wind-based distributed generation in distribution systems

Recent development in small renewable/clean generation technologies such as wind turbines, photovoltaic, fuel cells, microturbines and so on has drawn distribution utilities' attention to possible changes in the distribution system infrastructure and policy by deploying distributed generation (DG) in distribution systems. In this study, a methodology has been proposed for optimally allocating wind-based DG units in the distribution system so as to minimise annual energy loss. The methodology is based on generating a probabilistic generation–load model that combines all possible operating conditions of the wind-based DG units and load levels with their probabilities, hence accommodating this model in a deterministic planning problem. The planning problem is formulated as mixed integer non-linear programming (MINLP), with an objective function for the system's annual energy losses minimise. The constraints include voltage limits at different buses (slack and load buses) of the system, feeder capacity, discrete size of the DG units, maximum investment on each bus, and maximum penetration limit of DG units. This proposed technique is applied to a typical rural distribution system and compared to the traditional planning technique (constant output power of DG units and constant peak load profile).
The P2P Model Based on the Similarity of Active Peers

In application of network technologies, the peer to peer technologies is becoming one of the hot spots in network research fields. In order to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of the P2P network, a lot of architecture schemes for organizing the peers and the files in the P2P network are put forward which are mainly concentrated on the network characteristics of the peers and the file transmission. A P2P model based on the similarity of active peers is put forward. In the proposed model, the peers’ interests to the files are utilized to describe the similarities of the peers. By the similarities among the peers, the peer groups are clustered. Utilizing the representative clustering group, the interconnections among active peers are built according to the representative group selected by Hamming network.
COP Improvement of Thermoelectric Cooler through the Optimization of Heat Dissipation System

This paper presents theoretical and experimental works on the effect of heat transfer for a thermoelectric (TE) cooling system. The study focuses on thermal performance of the system through the optimisation of heat dissipation system for two prototypes that have aluminium and copper heat sink design, respectively. The study revealed that heat sink base area and fin height influenced thermal performance.
All-digital monolithic scanning readout based on sigma-delta analog-to-digital conversion

It is generally accepted that sensor systems can benefit from some form of on-focal-plane A/D conversion in terms of overall system noise improvement. The issue of whether or not the Delta-Sigma modulation process can be applied to the development of an approach using conventional A/D converters or cryogenic circuit materials is addressed from the standpoint of the scanning focal plane. Each pixel row of the scanning sensor is treated as a continuous analog signal source with a fixed signal bandwidth. By allocating a Delta-Sigma converter per sensor pixel row, theory predicts the oversample rate required to achieve the designed conversion resolution. The Delta-Sigma consists of two major parts. The modulator, which samples the analog input and develops a corresponding digital bit stream, and the digital signal processor, which compresses the bit stream into the Nyquist rate multibit codes and performs noise filtering, are described. Only the modulator needs to be on the focal plane since its output is digital. This reduces the development problem to one of fitting the modulator only into the allocated space and power budget per sensor.
Shape memory alloys as strain sensors in composites

Composites of shape memory alloys (SMA) with a matrix have been widely studied to suppress propagating damage of the matrix, where the embedded SMA is used as an actuator. We use the embedded SMA wire in composites both as an actuator and as a strain sensor. The possibilities of using the SMA wire as a strain sensor to obtain an actuation trigger signal for damage suppression were investigated using the variation of the SMA electric resistance. We determined that the electric resistance variation of the SMA wire is correlated with the strain. The temperature dependence of the correlation, which can be reduced by a compensation method, is also discussed.
Updated Review of Stone Matrix Asphalt and Superpave® Projects

Stone matrix asphalt (SMA) and Superpave® represent relatively new mix design technologies in the United States. Therefore, a condition survey was conducted of mixes that had been in service for several years to evaluate the long-term performance of SMA and Superpave projects. This study is a follow-up to a 1995 review of SMA projects and a 1998 review of Superpave projects. Both SMA and Superpave are acknowledged to be rut-resistant mixes, and this resistance was shown to be the case during this project review. However, a significant amount of cracking occurred early in the life of some of these mixtures. Overall, the SMA mixtures appeared to be more durable than the Superpave mixtures evaluated. The SMA mixtures have been in place about 2½ years longer than the Superpave mixtures, but the overall condition is about the same. Some of the primary conclusions from the survey are as follows: both SMA and Superpave mixtures were shown to be rut-resistant even when placed on facilities with high traffic volume; much of the observed cracking, especially load cracking, appeared to be more related to problems other than mix design or material properties; and SMA mixtures can be expected to last longer than Superpave mixtures before reaching the same condition level.
Adhesive Contact of Flat-Ended Wedges: Theory and Computer Experiments

We give the closed-form solutions for the two-dimensional adhesive contact of a flat-ended wedge with an elastic half-space, including contact pressure distribution and load-contact width relationship. The approach is derived from contact mechanics in plane-strain elasticity and fracture mechanics concepts. The contact pressure has stress singularities both at the edges of contact due to molecular attractive forces and at the wedge corners, and is compared with those without adhesion. Under zero load, we find the contact strip has a finite width which is greater than that of the wedge end, and the central region of contact is under compression, similar to that of a flat punch problem, while the regions near the contact edges are under tension. Unlike the usual experiments with smooth and low modulus materials, we conduct molecular dynamics (MD) experiments via embedded-atom method (EAM), brownian dynamics algorithm and dynamical theory of crystal lattices. The results, including the “pull-off” force for contacting surfaces to peel apart, conform reasonably well with those derived from a continuum model.
Organic electronics on paper

We have fabricated organic thin-film transistors and ring oscillators on paper and on flexible polyetherether ketone film using small-molecule hydrocarbon pentacene as the semiconductor and solution-processed polyvinylphenol as the gate dielectric. Transistors on paper have a carrier mobility of 0.2 cm2/V s and an on/off current ratio of 106, similar to devices on polyetherether ketone. A signal propagation delay of 22 μs per stage was measured for pentacene ring oscillators on polyetherether ketone film, and a signal delay of 12 ms was obtained for ring oscillators on paper.
Trophic Relationships between Juvenile Salmon during a 22-year Time Series of Climate Variability in Southeast Alaska

Marine growth and survival of juvenile Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) has been linked to marine temperatures and feeding conditions during their first few months at sea (Beauchamp et al. 2007; Farley et al. 2007; Fergusson et al. 2013). Evidence from the Bering Sea (Siddon et al. 2013; Eisner et al. 2017), Prince William Sound (Armstrong et al. 2011; McKinstry and Campbell 2018), and Southeast Alaska (SEAK; Landingham et al. 1998; Sturdevant et al. 2012) suggest that the juvenile salmon prey community is responsive to environmental change, and that these changes are reflected in their species richness, abundance, and nutritional quality. Therefore, understanding what salmon consume under varying environmental conditions is important to understanding how their growth and survival is affected by climate change. To identify differences in the diet composition among juvenile salmon species and in relation to shifts in seawater temperature during the summer months of 1997–2018, we examined a 22-year time series in periods of warm and cool years for juvenile pink (O. gorbuscha), chum (O. keta), sockeye (O. nerka), coho (O. kisutch) and Chinook (O. tshawytscha) salmon. Diet information included diet compositions from June–August in Icy Strait (58°N, 135°W), Alaska, a major fish migration corridor in northern SEAK. Up to 30 average sized fish per species and year (10 per month) were collected during annual Southeast Coastal Monitoring surveys (Fergusson et al. 2019). No coho samples were available in 1999 and no Chinook salmon samples were available in 2001–2006 and 2009– 2011. Warm and cool years were defined by annual deviations from the grand average of the monthly averages of the upper 20 m water column temperatures at 8 stations in Icy Strait (Fig. 1). Eleven warm years and 11 cool years were identified over the 22-year time series. Years with anomalously warm and cool temperatures corresponded with basin scale warming and cooling events including the 2005 and 2015 El Niños, 2002 and 2008 La Niñas, and the 2014–2016 Gulf of Alaska marine heat wave.
Perioperative Anaemia is a Risk Factor of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients Undergoing Partial Nephrectomy

Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) secondary to partial nephrectomy (PN) is a challenging clinical issue. During PN anaemia develops due to haemodilution and blood loss, which decreases oxygen transfer and provokes tissue hypoxia, leading to postoperative adverse outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of perioperative anaemia on postoperative AKI after PN.Methods This retrospective cohort study included 68 adult patients undergoing PN for a single nonmetastatic renal tumor. Detailed clinical information was systematically reviewed and analyzed. Serum concentrations of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and creatinine (sCr) were tested before, 2 hours and 1 day after PN surgery. Perioperative anaemia was assessed according to haematocrit (Ht) value at the same timepoint. Association between perioperative anaemia and postoperative AKI were explored by logistic regression analyses and pearson correlation analysis. Results The rate of perioperative anaemia in patients undergoing PN was 35.3% when the criteria of Ht < 30% was adopted. AKI developed in 32.4% of the patients when KDIGO criteria was applicated and in 51.5% of the patients when the criteria of serum NGAL >150 ng/mL was used. The incidence of AKI in patients with perioperative anaemia was higher than that in patients without anaemia. Univariate logistic regression analyses showed perioperative anaemia was a relevant factor of postoperative AKI in patients undergoing PN.Conclusions Perioperative anaemia might be a risk factor of postoperative AKI after PN. But the detailed interrelation still needs to be verified by large-scale prospective studies.
Input current analysis of interleaved boost converters operating in discontinuous-inductor-curent mode

This paper presents the basic operation of the discontinuous-inductor-current-mode (DICM) boost PFC and the improvement achieved by the interleaving technique. The PFC is constructed by at least two boost cells, each cell is kept running in DICM. Input current of the PFC is analyzed by a numerical method and the optimum power factor is calculated in different modes of operation. The calculated result is verified by experiment and presented in graphical form with detailed discussion. The result shows that the interleaving technique can alleviate the ripple current and improve the power factor. The improvement is obvious for the number of boost cells equal to 2 or 3 and the optimum power factor is improved up to 0.99 even without using an input filter.
Adaptive absorbing boundary conditions in finite-difference time domain applications for EMC simulations

A special adaptation of the Liao's (1984) absorbing boundary condition (ABC) is presented to optimize the solution of a class of EMI/EMC problems when using the finite-difference time domain (FDTD) method. The Liao ABC is constructed on a per-cell basis to accommodate the most likely direction of incidence on the mesh terminating boundary. Numerical results are presented to demonstrate the validity of the formulation and the improvements over traditional ABC applications.
Pengaruh Reklamasi Terhadap Hasil Tangkapan Nelayan di Daerah Kamal Muara, Jakarta Utara

Reklamasi merupakan salah satu solusi pembangunan yang sudah lama dilakukan oleh negara-negara yang memiliki garis pantai seperti Belanda. Adanya reklamasi di Jakarta adalah untuk mengatasi kelangkaan lahan yang ada karena populasi penduduk yang terus bertambah. Proyek reklamasi pesisir Kota Jakarta dimaksudkan untuk menambah ruang pembangunan Jakarta. Selain itu, reklamasi ini bertujuan untuk mencegah pengikisan daratan Jakarta oleh air laut, serta membangun beberapa fasilitas kota lainnya dan bertujuan untuk menata kembali kawasan pantura dengan cara membangun kawasan pantai dan menjadikan Jakarta sebagai kota pantai. Kegiatan reklamasi ini menyebabkan suatu dampak kepada kondisi sosial ekonomi masyarakat terutama pada nelayan yang hidup didekat dengan kawasan reklamasi pantura DKI Jakarta. Dampak positif kegiatan reklamasi antara lain terjadinya peningkatan kualitas dan nilai ekonomi kawasan pesisir, mengurangi lahan yang dianggap kurang produktif, penambahan wilayah, perlindungan pantai dari erosi, peningkatan kondisi habitat perairan, penyerapan tenaga kerja dan lain-lain. Sedangkan dampak negatif dari proses reklamasi pada lingkungan meliputi dampak fisik seperti halnya perubahan hidro-oseanografi, sedimentasi, peningkatan kekeruhan air, pencemaran laut, peningkatan potensi banjir dan genangan di wilayah pesisir, rusaknya habitat laut dan ekosistemnya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dan untuk pengambilan sampel diambil menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Padadaerah Kamal Muara didapatkan bahwa ada 2 jenis nelayan penduduk asli yang terkena dampak akibat adanya reklamasi, nelayan tersebut adalah nelayan sero dan sondong.
Softly switched hybrid predictive control

Abstract In operational control of hybrid systems, control objectives often change with current operating conditions and switching among a number of control strategies is then inevitable. The proposed softly switched hybrid predictive control utilizes mixed integer programming techniques and achieves better switching transient performance both in system output/state and control input than the traditional hard switching method. Stability of the designed soft switching process is analysed and sufficient stabilization conditions are derived. Numerical examples with simulation results show that the proposed approach can be useful in practical applications.
Influence of slot number and pole number in fault-tolerant brushless dc motors having unequal tooth widths

The electromagnetic performance of fault-tolerant three-phase permanent magnet brushless dc motors, in which the wound teeth are wider than the unwound teeth and their tooth tips span approximately one pole pitch and which have similar numbers of slots and poles, is investigated. It is shown that they have a more trapezoidal phase back-emf wave form, a higher torque capability, and a lower torque ripple than similar fault-tolerant machines with equal tooth widths. However, these benefits gradually diminish as the pole number is increased, due to the effect of interpole leakage flux.
Interpretation of Technology Diffusion Patterns for the U.S. Department of Energy's Environmental Management Program

The purpose of this paper is to provide a response to the general question as to why there has been so little actual application of new environmental technologies to on-the-ground cleanup. There are two sides to the issue that may at first seem unrelated, but taken together provide both a tactical and theoretical response to the question. EM-50 has provided a tactical response to the challenge of showing that expenditures in technology development are justified by implementation of its ASTD program. ASTD provides a fiscal incentive for the major DOE facilities to effect remedial actions using new technologies. The purpose of the ASTD is to demonstrate to stakeholders, including US Congress and concerned citizens, that environmental costs can be reduced and site cleanup accelerated by substituting new technologies for established baseline methods. The theoretical side looks at how historically, the substitution of new technologies for old in any given industry follows well-documented principles of diffusion; therefore, the aggregate adoption of new environmental technologies is predictive. It is not within the scope of this paper to accurately quantify the equations that result in the mathematical description of the S-shaped diffusion curve, but the overall concept of the innovation-development process is an important clue in understanding why new EM-50 technologies are not already in more widespread use.
An Extrinsic Fabry–Perot Optical Fiber Sensor Based on Nano-Magnetic Fluid

Abstract An extrinsic Fabry–Perot optical fiber sensor based on nano-magnetic fluid and a Fabry–Perot interference is presented for magnetic field measurement. The sensing fiber end is coated with a thin film of SU-8 photoresist; immersing it into a nano-magnetic fluid forms a magnetic-field-dependent extrinsic Fabry–Perot interference. The relationship between the fringe contrast and magnetic field is analyzed in different concentrations of the magnetic fluid, and the concentration of 25% is most suitable for the measurement of the magnetic field intensity. The stability of the sensor is also addressed.
A study of modularity operation of systems based on maintenance consideration

A module is a set of some disassembly and/or non-disassembly components or parts. It usually is used not only in supporting or carrying out the same function, but also in decreasing the complexity of a system in maintenance. Traditionally, the module form of a system is created according to either the function requirements or the manufacturing considerations. It is determined mainly depending on the individual condition of systems in designing, and has no concrete and scientific approach to progress system modularity. To overcome the faults in traditional modularity, the present paper presents a method of modularity based on the consideration of system maintenance policy for constructing the system modules. First, the correlations in designing the functions/components within a system are analysed according to four input/output parameters--geometry constraint, mechanical strength, energy flow and signal flow--to build the hierarchy structure of system in combination. Second, the parameters of reliability and cost of these functions/components are then investigated to describe the degradation in usage and to calculate the maintenance cost of each possible module. Third, the aged-maintenance model is used to evaluate the ideal maintenance intervals and the total maintenance costs of these modules so that the optimal module type of the system can be established. Finally, a hydraulic system used in squeezing machinery is adopted to depict the process of system modularity. Ideally, the result in modularity may feedback to designers to modify the design and to ensure the achievement in designing for maintainability.
Computing Level of Privacy in a Virtual Environment

This paper presents a computational model designed to analyze architectural space and to a develop privacy level using two methods: visual distance method and viewing angle method as those are primary cognitive mechanism to experience architectural space. We suggest that the result will offer possibilities for quantitative design analysis of privacy that influenced by architectural elements. The proposed method consists of two stages: determination of subdivided enclosed spaces and measuring privacy level on each subdivided enclosed space. Previous models showed that spatial quality is related to the visual distance to the architectural elements. In addition to distance variables, our model includes viewing angle variables to determine area and the direction angle from any observation point to the architectural elements on the boundary of an interior space. The case study evaluation is able to rank the quality of design of interior spaces with respect to their privacy level.