Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The role of short-chain fatty acids produced by gut microbiota in the regulation of pre-eclampsia onset

Background Preeclampsia (PE) is a common pregnancy-related disorder characterized by disrupted maternal-fetal immune tolerance, involving diffuse inflammatory responses and vascular endothelial damage. Alterations in the gut microbiota (GM) during pregnancy can affect intestinal barrier function and immune balance. Aims and purpose This comprehensive review aims to investigate the potential role of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), essential metabolites produced by the GM, in the development of PE. The purpose is to examine their impact on colonic peripheral regulatory T (Treg) cells, the pathogenic potential of antigen-specific helper T (Th) cells, and the inflammatory pathways associated with immune homeostasis. Key insights An increasing body of evidence suggests that dysbiosis in the GM can lead to alterations in SCFA levels, which may significantly contribute to the development of PE. SCFAs enhance the number and function of colonic Treg cells, mitigate the pathogenic potential of GM-specific Th cells, and inhibit inflammatory progression, thereby maintaining immune homeostasis. These insights highlight the potential significance of GM dysregulation and SCFAs produced by GM in the pathogenesis of PE. While the exact causes of PE remain elusive, and definitive clinical treatments are lacking, the GM and SCFAs present promising avenues for future clinical applications related to PE, offering a novel approach for prophylaxis and therapy.
Managers et syndicats : duel ou duo ?

In a context of weakening social dialogue in general and the legitimacy of trade unions in particular, we propose in this article to take a fresh look at the manager/trade union pairing through a change of perspective. In the framework of an in-depth qualitative research in a French aeronautical industry, we are interested in the daily informal dialogue between middle-managers and union representatives at the shop floor level (Kochan, Katz and McKersie, 1994). This reversal allows us to develop a new perspective on the role and legitimacy of unions in an organisation. To anchor this change of perspective, we will use the concept of relational dialogue (Cunliffe and Eriksen, 2011) to go beyond the traditional approach of social dialogue and to test its effect in another way. We will then show that relational dialogue, which is based on relational quality, a processual approach to dialogue and its polyphonic dimension, enables middle managers to anticipate tensions in teams and improve their managerial decisions. However, this relational dialogue is not perceived positively by the whole organisation, especially by human resources managers, who will try to reduce its impact by implementing management tools that prevent the more informal arbitrations resulting from the dialogue between managers and unions. As part of the recent evolution of IR research, enriched by conceptual frameworks coming from organization studies, this article contributes to test the concept of relational dialogue not between the manager and his employees but with trade union officials. We were thus able to identify the organisational conditions of this dialogue, which had not yet been done. The application of the concept of relational dialogue in an industrial relations situation enriches the pluralist approach by underlining both its potential and the importance of the conditions necessary for this type of dialogue.
Adaptive active Brownian particles searching for targets of unknown positions

Developing behavioral policies designed to efficiently solve target-search problems is a crucial issue both in nature and in the nanotechnology of the 21st century. Here, we characterize the target-search strategies of simple microswimmers in a homogeneous environment containing sparse targets of unknown positions. The microswimmers are capable of controlling their dynamics by switching between Brownian motion and an active Brownian particle and by selecting the time duration of each of the two phases. The specific conduct of a single microswimmer depends on an internal decision-making process determined by a simple neural network associated with the agent itself. Starting from a population of individuals with random behavior, we exploit the genetic algorithm NeuroEvolution of augmenting topologies to show how an evolutionary pressure based on the target-search performances of single individuals helps to find the optimal duration of the two different phases. Our findings reveal that the optimal policy strongly depends on the magnitude of the particle’s self-propulsion during the active phase and that a broad spectrum of network topology solutions exists, differing in the number of connections and hidden nodes.
“Knowing It Before Blocking It,” the ABCD of the Peripheral Nerves: Part D (Approach to the Patient With Nerve Injuries)

“Prevention is always better than cure. ” However, despite all precautions or preventive measures, sometimes patients develop neurodeficits due to suspected nerve injury in the perioperative period. Assessment and evaluation of the patient’s symptoms can provide clues to the causative factors. Such causative factors can be corrected immediately to avoid further deterioration, or some may require further workup. The management plan for such a diagnosed nerve injury depends on the symptoms, the finding of the medical history, and the diagnostic imaging and tests. Simultaneous symptomatic relief in the form of pain medications, steroids, anti-inflammatory drugs, psychological counseling, and reassurance is essential to expedite treatment goals. Diagnosing and treating nerve injuries cannot be laid down as a straightforward part. It is a zigzag puzzle in its own right, playing with time and injury progression. Careful assessment to diagnose the extent of nerve damage plays an important role in treatment plans. It helps decide when to proceed and when to postpone, whether conservative strategies would suffice, or surgical repair would be required. Although most nerve injuries are self-limiting, some cases require surgical intervention that needs to be diagnosed early. The revolution was started by Sunderland in 1945 when he described neurosurgical techniques that drastically changed the entire scenario of nerve repairs. The ultimate effective treatment and full recovery may not be guaranteed, but attempts must be made to achieve the best results. With the patient’s interests in mind, it is important to formulate a plan ensuring a good quality of life with minimal impact on their daily activities. Multifactorial nerve injury requires a multidisciplinary approach that primarily includes reassuring, psychological counseling, multimodal analgesia, and neurological and occupational consultations. This article describes the step-by-step approach known as the symptoms categorization-history taking-examination-diagnostic evaluations (SHED) approach to managing patients with peripheral nerve injuries. It also details the various modalities for diagnosing nerve injuries, sequential electrodiagnostic studies, and treatment plans depending on the type and extent of nerve injuries. It will help readers to design a treatment plan based on the patient’s symptoms and evaluation results.
Comparative Methods for Quantification of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria in Environmental and Engineered Sludge Samples

Simple Summary Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) are important microorganisms in natural ecosystems and are widely utilized in engineered processes for removing heavy metals and sulfate from acid rock drainage and other wastewater. Conventional methods for quantifying SRB are time consuming and display variable results, while molecular techniques require specialized equipment and analysis. We compared microscopic cell counting, culture, and quantitative or real-time PCR (qPCR) methods for the absolute enumeration of SRB populations in engineered and environmental sludge samples. qPCR analysis showed the best performance regarding specificity, precision, and accuracy. However, it did not work for all samples due to their complex physical, chemical, and microbiological characteristics. Using a qPCR method normalized to dsrA gene copies and a synthetic double-stranded DNA fragment as a calibrator could be a better solution for enumerating SRB in samples from diverse origins. Abstract This study aimed to compare microscopic counting, culture, and quantitative or real-time PCR (qPCR) to quantify sulfate-reducing bacteria in environmental and engineered sludge samples. Four sets of primers that amplified the dsrA and apsA gene encoding the two key enzymes of the sulfate-reduction pathway were initially tested. qPCR standard curves were constructed using genomic DNA from an SRB suspension and dilutions of an enriched sulfate-reducing sludge. According to specificity and reproducibility, the DSR1F/RH3-dsr-R primer set ensured a good quantification based on dsrA gene amplification; however, it exhibited inconsistencies at low and high levels of SRB concentrations in environmental and sulfate-reducing sludge samples. Ultimately, we conducted a qPCR method normalized to dsrA gene copies, using a synthetic double-stranded DNA fragment as a calibrator. This method fulfilled all validation criteria and proved to be specific, accurate, and precise. The enumeration of metabolically active SRB populations through culture methods differed from dsrA gene copies but showed a plausible positive correlation. Conversely, microscopic counting had limitations due to distinguishing densely clustered organisms, impacting precision. Hence, this study proves that a qPCR-based method optimized with dsrA gene copies as a calibrator is a sensitive molecular tool for the absolute enumeration of SRB populations in engineered and environmental sludge samples.
Echocardiographic evaluation of right ventricular diastolic function in pulmonary hypertension

Background Right ventricular (RV) diastolic dysfunction may be prognostic in pulmonary hypertension (PH). However, its assessment is complex and relies on conductance catheterisation. We aimed to evaluate echocardiography-based parameters as surrogates of RV diastolic function, provide validation against the gold standard, end-diastolic elastance (Eed), and define the prognostic impact of echocardiography-derived RV diastolic dysfunction. Methods Patients with suspected PH who underwent right heart catheterisation including conductance catheterisation were prospectively recruited. In this study population, an echocardiography-based RV diastolic function surrogate was derived. Survival analyses were performed in patients with precapillary PH in the Giessen PH Registry, with external validation in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension at Sapienza University (Rome). Results In the derivation cohort (n=61), the early/late diastolic tricuspid inflow velocity ratio (E/A) and early tricuspid inflow velocity/early diastolic tricuspid annular velocity ratio (E/e′) did not correlate with Eed (p>0.05). Receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed a large area under the curve (AUC) for the peak lateral tricuspid annulus systolic velocity/right atrial area index ratio (S′/RAAi) to detect elevated Eed (AUC 0.913, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.839–0.986) and elevated end-diastolic pressure (AUC 0.848, 95% CI 0.699–0.998) with an optimal threshold of 0.81 m2·s−1·cm−1. Subgroup analyses demonstrated a large AUC in patients with preserved RV systolic function (AUC 0.963, 95% CI 0.882–1.000). Survival analyses confirmed the prognostic relevance of S′/RAAi in the Giessen PH Registry (n=225) and the external validation cohort (n=106). Conclusions Our study demonstrates the usefulness of echocardiography-derived S′/RAAi for noninvasive assessment of RV diastolic function and prognosis in PH. Tweetable abstract This study introduces the echocardiographic peak lateral tricuspid annulus systolic velocity/right atrial area index ratio as a noninvasive measure of right ventricular diastolic function and predictor of prognosis in patients with pulmonary hypertension. https://bit.ly/44Qv8X0
Gaps in the Lexicon Restrict Communication

Abstract Across languages, words carve up the world of experience in different ways. For example, English lacks an equivalent to the Chinese superordinate noun tiáowèipǐn, which is loosely translated as “ingredients used to season food while cooking. ” Do such differences matter? A conventional label may offer a uniquely effective way of communicating. On the other hand, lexical gaps may be easily bridged by the compositional power of language. After all, most of the ideas we want to express do not map onto simple lexical forms. We conducted a referential Director/Matcher communication task with adult speakers of Chinese and English. Directors provided a clue that Matchers used to select words from a word grid. The three target words corresponded to a superordinate term (e.g., beverages) in either Chinese or English but not both. We found that Matchers were more accurate at choosing the target words when their language lexicalized the target category. This advantage was driven entirely by the Directors’ use/non-use of the intended superordinate term. The presence of a conventional superordinate had no measurable effect on speakers’ within- or between-category similarity ratings. These results show that the ability to rely on a conventional term is surprisingly important despite the flexibility languages offer to communicate about non-lexicalized categories.
Antidiabetic and Antihypertensive Properties of Naringin: A Review

: Despite the availability of various medications that successfully lower blood glucose levels and blood pressure, diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HTN) continue to place a tremendous strain on global medical resources. The prevention of numerous complications, which remain the leading cause of mortality due to these diseases, is a key challenge in the management of these two disorders. Phytochemicals are a rich source of plant-derived molecules that are critical for the discovery of substances with medicinal potential. Flavonoids have a history of being important natural components with a variety of biological functions. Naringin, a flavanone glycoside found mostly in grapefruit and citrus fruits, is a natural flavanone glycoside. Obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure, and metabolic syndrome can all be treated with naringin. A few molecular pathways underpinning its beneficial properties have been discovered. Naringin has a wide spectrum of pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory and cancer-fighting properties.
Definable proper actions and equivariant definable Tietze extension

Let N = (R,+, ·, <, . . . ) be an o-minimal expansion of the standard structure of a real closed field R. Let G be a definable group and X a definable proper definable G set. We prove that X has only finitely many orbit types. We also prove equivariant definable Tietze extension theorem. 2010 Mathematics Subject Classification. 14P10, 57S10, 03C64.
Protective Effect of Olive Oil and Nigella Seed Oil on some Physiological Parameters in Rabbits Administered D-galactosamine

This study was to evaluate some physiological parameters for the protective effect of olive oil and nigella seed oil in rabbits administered D-galactosamine (D-GaIN) (600 mg/kg) a single dose with concentrations of body weight of rabbits on some parameters of blood (84) of the male rabbits weighted (400-550g) and (10) weeks of age were randomly divided into six groups, six rabbits in each group, given all the animals normal food during the experimental period of 1,2 and 3 weeks, explained to the animals at the end of each period of experience and took blood samples to measure (Hb,RBC.s, WBC.s,WBC.d,N, WBC.d,L, WBC.d,M, WBC.d,E) was reached the following conclusions: D-GaIN injection caused gradually increase in Hemoglobin level (Hb) and WBC.s and reached the peak level in three weeks post treatment compared to control group. The joint administration of olive oil with D-GaIN to experimental animals improving of effect D-GaIN on oxidative stress with varying degree, there was gradually decreased in mean value of Hb and WBC.s at three-week compared to D-GaIN group. However, the elevation in the mean value of WBC.d. L, WBC.d. N and WBC.d. E in two weeks compared to control. The treatment with Nigella oil after injecting D-GaIN to experimental animals influencing on hematological parameters with varying degree, treatment with Nigella oil after injecting D-GaIN to experimental animals influencing on hematological parameters with varying degree, there was gradually increase in mean value of Hb and WBC.d. L in two weeks compared to control group. Similarly, the mean value of WBC.d. N, WBC.s (9.30±2.03×103 cell/cu.mm. blood) counts were recorded in one week compared to control and D-GaIN groups.
Could circulating biomarkers of nitrosative stress and protein glycoxidation be useful in patients with gastric cancer?

Background Nitrosative stress leads to protein glycoxidation, but both processes may be strongly related to the cancer development. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the nitrosative stress and protein glycoxidation products in patients with gastric cancer in comparison with healthy controls. We are also the first to evaluate the diagnostic utility of nitrosative stress and protein glycoxidation markers in gastric cancer patients in respect to histopathological classifications (TNM, Lauren’s and Goseki’s classification) and histopathological parameters such as histological type, histological differentiation grade, presence of vascular or neural invasion, desmoplasia and Helicobacter pylori infection. Methods The study included 50 patients with gastric cancer and 50 healthy controls matched for sex and age. Nitrosative stress parameters and protein glycoxidation products were measured colorimetrically/fluorometrically in plasma or serum samples. Student’s t-test or Mann-Whitney U-test were used for statistical analysis. Results NO, S-nitrosothiols, nitrotyrosine, kynurenine, N-formylkynurenine, dityrosine, AGE and Amadori products were significantly increased whereas tryptophan fluorescence was decreased in patients with gastric cancer compared to the healthy control. Nitrosative stress and glycoxidation products may be useful in diagnosis of gastric cancer because they differentiate patients with gastric cancer from healthy individuals with high sensitivity and specificity. Some of the determined parameters are characterised by high AUC value in differentiation of GC patients according to the histopathological parameters. Conclusions Gastric cancer is associated with enhanced circulating nitrosative stress and protein glycation. Although further research on a tissue model is needed, plasma/serum biomarkers may be dependent on tumour size, histological type, tumour invasion depth, presence of lymph node and distant metastasis, vascular and neural invasion and Helicobacter pylori infection. Thus, circulating biomarkers of nitrosative stress/protein glycoxidation may have potential diagnostic significance in gastric cancer patients.
MLModeler5 @ Causal News Corpus 2023: Using RoBERTa for Casual Event Classification

Identifying cause-effect relations plays an integral role in the understanding and interpretation of natural languages. Furthermore, automated mining of causal relations from news and text about socio-political events is a stepping stone in gaining critical insights, including analyzing the scale, frequency and trends across timelines of events, as well as anticipating future ones. The Shared Task 3, part of the 6th Workshop on Challenges and Applications of Automated Extraction of Socio-political Events from Text (CASE @ RANLP 2023), involved the task of Event Causality Identification with Causal News Corpus. We describe our approach to Subtask 1, dealing with causal event classification, a supervised binary classification problem to annotate given event sentences with whether they contained any cause-effect relations. To help achieve this task, a BERT based architecture - RoBERTa was implemented. The results of this model are validated on the dataset provided by the organizers of this task.
Weak Radiofrequency Field Effects on Chemical Parameters That Characterize Oxidative Stress in Human Fibrosarcoma and Fibroblast Cells

In the last few decades, evidence has surfaced that weak radiofrequency (RF) fields can influence biological systems. This work aims to improve our understanding of how externally applied weak RF fields alter concentrations of chemical parameters that characterize oxidative stress. We conducted a series of experiments to investigate the effects of applying weak RF magnetic fields within the 3–5 MHz region on mitochondrial respiration in both human fibrosarcoma and fibroblast cells over a period of four days. Our experimental data show that RF fields between 3 and 5 MHz were able to change the modulation of mitochondrial signaling by changing the cell growth, mitochondrial mass, and oxidative stress. Exposure to RF fields at 4.2 MHz significantly increased the mitochondrial mass and oxidative stress in fibrosarcoma cells. There are substantial concerns that extended exposure to weak RF fields can lead to health effects. The ability to control these parameters by external magnetic fields may have important clinical implications.
Design and Realization of Drive Circuit for Uncooled Infrared Focal Plane Array

This paper presents a design method for drive circuit system of uncooled infrared detector of ULIS Company. On basis of theoretic analysis of uncooled infrared detector structure and demands for drive circuit, high precision regulated power supply, and second order active filter circuit are adopted to produce high precision, low noise adjustable bias voltage. Dividing frequency through FPGA, digital time sequence signal is produced to ensure the steadily and reliably of the detector. The simulation and test results indicate that the output bias voltage is consistent with the design value, and can ensure stability of the detector.
STRUCTURE SELECTION FOR DAG-SVM BASED ON MISCLASSIFICATION COST MINIMIZATION

DAG-SVM is one of the most popular multi-class support vector machines, but it has k! kinds of decision structures while dealing with k-class problems. How to select an appropriate structure is a key problem in DAG-SVM. In this paper, the classication bias of DAG-SVM was rst discussed, and then the concept of misclassication cost was introduced in structure selection for DAG-SVM. Based on the principle of Misclassi- cation Cost Minimization, a structure selection method for DAG-SVM was proposed to minimize the risk of total misclassication cost. The proposed method was tested on sev- eral benchmark data sets, and the results indicated that MCM-based selecting method for DAG-SVM obtained satisfactory results.
A compact Ka‐band MMIC power amplifier using continuous Class‐B/J mode technique

This letter presents a Ka‐band GaAs broadband high efficiency power amplifier (PA). The power amplifier achieves the best trade‐off among gain, output power, power added efficiency (PAE), and fractional bandwidth through nonlinear simulations to select proper device size and bias conditions. The high‐efficiency and broadband performances are achieved by using continuous Class‐B/J mode for fundamental and second harmonics output matching network. The fabricated PA achieves a power gain of 18.8 dB, a 3‐dB bandwidth of 25–30.2 GHz, a saturation power 25.5 dBm, a peak PAE of 30.0%. The chip size is as compact as 1.08 mm2 including all pads.