Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Ecological Validity of Countermovement Jump to On-Court Asymmetry in Basketball

Jump-based asymmetry is often used as an indicator of sport performance and may be used to discern injury susceptibility. Due to task specificity, however, countermovement jump asymmetry may not be representative of on-court asymmetry. As such, we assessed the association between countermovement jump asymmetry and on-court impact asymmetry metrics (n=3, and n=4, respectively) using linear regressions (α=0.05). Fifteen female basketball athletes completed countermovement jump and on-court sessions across a competitive season. A significant negative association was found between peak landing force asymmetry and both overall and medium acceleration on-court asymmetry (b=–0.1, R 2 =0.08, p<0.001; b=–0.1, R 2 =0.11, p<0.001, respectively), as well as between peak propulsive force asymmetry and on-court medium acceleration asymmetry (b=–0.24, R 2 =0.04, p=0.01). Alternatively, both peak landing and peak propulsive force asymmetry were significantly positively associated with on-court high acceleration asymmetry (b=0.17, R 2 =0.08, p<0.001; b=0.35, R 2 =0.02, p=0.04, respectively). While some overlap may exist, countermovement jump and on-court impact asymmetry appear to be independent. Thus, sport-specific monitoring may be necessary to adequately monitor injury susceptibility using asymmetry.
Building meromorphic solutions of $q$-difference equations using a Borel-Laplace summation

After introducing q-analogues of the Borel and Laplace transformations, we prove that to every formal power series solution of a linear q-difference equation with rational coefficients, we may apply several q-Borel and Laplace transformations of convenient orders and convenient direction in order to construct a solution of the same equation that is meromorphic on $\mathbb{C}^{*}$. We use this theorem to construct explicitly an invertible matrix solution of a linear q-difference system with rational coefficients, of which entries are meromorphic on $\mathbb{C}^{*}$. Moreover, when the system is put in the Birkhoff-Guenther normal form, we prove that the solutions we compute are exactly the same as the one constructed by Ramis, Sauloy and Zhang.
The $p$-CurlCurl : Spaces, traces, coercivity and a Helmholtz decomposition in $L^p$

This work provides the foundation for the finite element analysis of an elliptic problem which is the rotational analogue of the $p$-Laplacian and which appears as a model of the magnetic induction in a high-temperature superconductor operating near it's critical current. Whereas the function theory for the $p$-Laplacian requires standard results in $L^p$ Sobolev spaces, this problem requires an extension to $L^p$ spaces of the well-known $L^2$ theory for divergence free vector fields, as used in the finite element method applied to incompressible flows and electromagnetic radiation. Among other things, the analysis requires extensions to $L^p$ of the well-known $H(\operatorname{div}; \Omega)$ and $H(\operatorname{curl};\Omega)$, extensions of traces and Green's theorem, a Helmholtz decomposition and finally a Friedrich's inequality. In this paper, we provide a proof of the existence and uniqueness of weak solutions of our so-called $p$-CurlCurl problem. In a companion paper, the analysis is extended to treat continuous and finite element solutions of the nonlinear parabolic problem whose spatial term is the $p$-CurlCurl operator. Many of the results presented here are either already known, known in slightly different forms or are proven with the help of techniques that are already well-known. The main novelty of this paper appears to be the structured form of this $L^p$ theory and our form of the Helmholtz decomposition and of the Friedrich's inequality. In this respect, we note that some of these results can be found in the works of M. Dauge, M. Mitrea and I. Mitrea.
Generalized Torsion Elements and Bi-orderability of 3-manifold Groups

Abstract It is known that a bi-orderable group has no generalized torsion element, but the converse does not hold in general. We conjecture that the converse holds for the fundamental groups of 3-manifolds and verify the conjecture for non-hyperbolic, geometric 3-manifolds. We also confirm the conjecture for some infinite families of closed hyperbolic 3-manifolds. In the course of the proof, we prove that each standard generator of the Fibonacci group $F(2,m)\,(m>2)$ is a generalized torsion element.
The Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation and universality class

Brownian motion is a continuum scaling limit for a wide class of random processes, and there has been great success in developing a theory for its properties (such as distribution functions or regularity) and expanding the breadth of its universality class. Over the past twenty five years a new universality class has emerged to describe a host of important physical and probabilistic models (including one dimensional interface growth processes, interacting particle systems and polymers in random environments) which display characteristic, though unusual, scalings and new statistics. This class is called the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) universality class and underlying it is, again, a continuum object -- a non-linear stochastic partial differential equation -- known as the KPZ equation. The purpose of this survey is to explain the context for, as well as the content of a number of mathematical breakthroughs which have culminated in the derivation of the exact formula for the distribution function of the KPZ equation started with {\it narrow wedge} initial data. In particular we emphasize three topics: (1) The approximation of the KPZ equation through the weakly asymmetric simple exclusion process; (2) The derivation of the exact one-point distribution of the solution to the KPZ equation with narrow wedge initial data; (3) Connections with directed polymers in random media. As the purpose of this article is to survey and review, we make precise statements but provide only heuristic arguments with indications of the technical complexities necessary to make such arguments mathematically rigorous.
Matrix representation of the time operator

In quantum mechanics the time operator Θ satisfies the commutation relation [Θ, H] = i, and thus it may be thought of as being formally canonically conjugate to the Hamiltonian H. The time operator associated with a given Hamiltonian H is not unique because one can replace Θ by Θ + Θhom, where Θhom satisfies the homogeneous condition [Θhom, H] = 0. To study this nonuniqueness the matrix elements of Θ for the harmonic-oscillator Hamiltonian are calculated in the eigenstate basis. This calculation requires the summation of divergent series, and the summation is accomplished by using zeta-summation techniques. It is shown that by including appropriate homogeneous contributions, the matrix elements of Θ simplify dramatically. However, it is still not clear whether there is an optimally simple representation of the time operator.
D-brane couplings and Generalised Geometry

The goal of this paper is to re-examine D-brane Ramond-Ramond field couplings in the presence of a B-field. We will argue that the generalised geometry induced on the world volume by the B-field results in an important but subtle change on the coupling. In order to explain this, we use the language of differential K-theory. The expression determining the coupling is then seen to be a consequence of the Riemann-Roch theorem. Our key assertion is that the appropriate Riemann-Roch theorem changes in the presence of the B-field. In particular, the A-hat forms appearing in the theorem are now constructed using the torsionful Levi-Civita connection associated to the generalised geometry. As we shall see, the resulting expression not only agrees with recently discovered local couplings on the D-brane worldvolume involving RR fields and derivatives of the B-field, but also makes the coupling manifestly T-duality invariant.
Cutoff for lamplighter chains on fractals

We show that the total-variation mixing time of the lamplighter random walk on fractal graphs exhibit sharp cutoff when the underlying graph is transient (namely of spectral dimension greater than two). In contrast, we show that such cutoff can not occur for strongly recurrent underlying graphs (i.e. of spectral dimension less than two).
Difficult-to-treat rheumatoid arthritis (D2T RA): clinical issues at early stages of disease

Objectives Most studies on difficult-to-treat rheumatoid arthritis (D2T RA) have focused on established RA. Here, we analyse whether disease activity in the early stages of RA could influence progression to a D2T RA under real-life conditions. Other clinical and treatment-related factors were also analysed. Methods A longitudinal multicentre study of patients with RA was conducted from 2009 to 2018. Patients were followed up until January 2021. D2T RA was defined based on EULAR criteria (treatment failure, signs suggestive of currently active/progressive disease and management being perceived as problematic by the rheumatologist and/or patient). The main variable was disease activity in the early stages. The covariates were sociodemographic, clinical and treatment-related factors. We ran a multivariable logistic regression analysis to investigate risk factors associated with progression to D2T RA. Results The study population comprised 631 patients and 35 (5.87%) developed D2T RA. At the time of diagnosis, the D2T RA group were younger, with a higher disability, 28-joint Disease Activity Score (DAS28) score, tender joint count and pain scores. In our final model, DAS28 was not statistically significantly associated with D2T RA. No differences were found between groups for therapy. Disability was independently associated with D2T RA (OR: 1.89; p=0.01). Conclusions In this cohort of patients newly diagnosed with RA, our results do not allow us to prove the influence of active disease according to DAS28. However, we did find that younger patients and those with elevated initial disability scores are more likely to develop D2T RA regardless of other factors.
Complete addition laws on abelian varieties

We prove that under any projective embedding of an abelian variety A of dimension g, a complete system of addition laws has cardinality at least g+1, generalizing of a result of Bosma and Lenstra for the Weierstrass model of an elliptic curve in P^2. In contrast with this geometric constraint, we moreover prove that if k is any field with infinite absolute Galois group, then there exists, for every abelian variety A/k, a projective embedding and an addition law defined for every pair of k-rational points. For an abelian variety of dimension 1 or 2, we show that this embedding can be the classical Weierstrass model or embedding in P^15, respectively, up to a finite number of counterexamples for |k| less or equal to 5.
Ergodicity on Sublinear Expectation Spaces

In this paper, we first develop an ergodic theory of an expectation-preserving map on a sublinear expectation space. Ergodicity is defined as any invariant set either has $0$ capacity itself or its complement has $0$ capacity. We prove, under a general sublinear expectation space setting, the equivalent relation between ergodicity and the corresponding transformation operator having simple eigenvalue $1$, and also with Birkhoff type strong law of large numbers if the sublinear expectation is strongly regular. We also study the ergodicity of invariant sublinear expectation of sublinear Markovian semigroup. We prove that its ergodicity is equivalent to the generator of the Markovian semigroup having eigenvalue $0$ and the eigenvalue is simple in the space of continuous functions. As an example we show that $G$-Brownian motion $\{B_t\}_{t\geq 0}$ on the unit circle has an invariant expectation and is ergodic if and only if ${\mathbb E}(-(B_1)^2)<0$. Moreover, it is also proved in this case that the invariant expectation is strongly regular and the canonical stationary process has no mean-uncertainty under the invariant expectation.
Sickness Symptoms in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Scoping Review

Sickness symptoms (depressive symptoms, anxiety, and fatigue) are common among people with chronic illness, often presenting as a symptom cluster. Sickness symptoms persist in many patients with chronic kidney disease, even after kidney transplantation (KT); however, little is known about sickness symptom-induced burden in KT recipients. This scoping review synthesizes available evidence for sickness symptoms in KT recipients, including findings on symptom prevalence, predictors, outcomes, interrelationships, and clustering. Among 38 reviewed studies, none identified sickness symptoms as a cluster, but we observed interrelationships among the symptoms examined. Fatigue was the most prevalent sickness symptom, followed by anxiety and depressive symptoms. Predictors of these symptoms included demographic, clinical, and psychosocial factors, and health-related quality of life was the most researched outcome. Future research should use common data elements to phenotype sickness symptoms, include biological markers, and employ sophisticated statistical methods to identify potential clustering of sickness symptoms in KT recipients.
Deciphering interactions between the marine dinoflagellate Prorocentrum lima and the fungus Aspergillus pseudoglaucus

Abstract The comprehension of microbial interactions is one of the key challenges in marine microbial ecology. This study focused on exploring chemical interactions between the toxic dinoflagellate Prorocentrum lima and a filamentous fungal species, Aspergillus pseudoglaucus, which has been isolated from the microalgal culture. Such interspecies interactions are expected to occur even though they were rarely studied. Here, a co‐culture system was designed in a dedicated microscale marine‐like condition. This system allowed to explore microalgal–fungal physical and metabolic interactions in presence and absence of the bacterial consortium. Microscopic observation showed an unusual physical contact between the fungal mycelium and dinoflagellate cells. To delineate specialized metabolome alterations during microalgal–fungal co‐culture metabolomes were monitored by high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled to high‐resolution mass spectrometry. In‐depth multivariate statistical analysis using dedicated approaches highlighted (1) the metabolic alterations associated with microalgal–fungal co‐culture, and (2) the impact of associated bacteria in microalgal metabolome response to fungal interaction. Unfortunately, only a very low number of highlighted features were fully characterized. However, an up‐regulation of the dinoflagellate toxins okadaic acid and dinophysistoxin 1 was observed during co‐culture in supernatants. Such results highlight the importance to consider microalgal–fungal interactions in the study of parameters regulating toxin production.
T-duality in rational homotopy theory via $L_\infty$-algebras

We combine Sullivan models from rational homotopy theory with Stasheff's $L_\infty$-algebras to describe a duality in string theory. Namely, what in string theory is known as topological T-duality between $K^0$-cocycles in type IIA string theory and $K^1$-cocycles in type IIB string theory, or as Hori's formula, can be recognized as a Fourier-Mukai transform between twisted cohomologies when looked through the lenses of rational homotopy theory. We show this as an example of topological T-duality in rational homotopy theory, which in turn can be completely formulated in terms of morphisms of $L_\infty$-algebras.
RENORMALISATION GROUP FOR MULTIPLE ZETA VALUES

Calculating multiple zeta values at arguments of any sign in a way that is compatible with both the quasi-shuffle product as well as meromorphic continuation, is commonly referred to as the renormalisation problem for multiple zeta values. We consider the set of all solutions to this problem and provide a framework for comparing its elements in terms of a free and transitive action of a particular subgroup of the group of characters of the quasi-shuffle Hopf algebra. In particular, this provides a transparent way of relating different solutions at non-positive values, which answers an open question in the recent literature.
A Continuation Principle for Periodic BV-Continuous State-Dependent Sweeping Processes

We consider a Caratheodory differential equation with a state-dependent convex constraint that changes BV-continuously in time (a perturbed BV-continuous state-dependent sweeping processes). By setting up an appropriate catching-up algorithm we prove solvability of the initial value problem. Then, for sweeping processes with $T$-periodic right-hand-sides, we prove the existence of at least one $T$-periodic solution. Finally, we further consider a $T$-periodic sweeping process which is close to an autonomous sweeping process with a constant constraint and prove the existence of a $T$-periodic solution specifically located near the boundary switched equilibrium of the autonomous sweeping process.
Identifying Predictors of Anal HPV Status in HPV-Vaccinated MSM: A Machine Learning Approach

ABSTRACT Anal human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has a high prevalence in men who have sex with men (MSM), resulting in an increased risk for anal cancer. The present work aimed to identify factors associated with HPV in a prospective cohort of HPV-vaccinated MSM using a random forest (RF) approach. This observational study enrolled MSM patients admitted to an Italian (sexually transmitted infection) STI-AIDS Unit. For each patient, rectal swabs for 28 different HPV genotype detection were collected. Two RF algorithms were applied to evaluate predictors that were most associated with HPV. The cohort included 135 MSM, 49% of whom were HIV-positive with a median age of 39 years. In model 1 (baseline information), age, age sexual debut, HIV, number of lifetime sex partners, STIs, were most associated with the HPV. In model 2 (follow-up information), age, age sexual debut, HIV, STI class, and follow-up. The RF algorithm exhibited good performances with 61% and 83% accuracy for models 1 and 2, respectively. Traditional risk factors for anal HPV infection, such as drug use, receptive anal intercourse, and multiple sexual partner, were found to have low importance in predicting HPV status. The present results suggest the need to focus on HPV prevention campaigns.
SPHERE PACKING BOUNDS VIA SPHERICAL CODES

The sphere packing problem asks for the greatest density of a packing of congruent balls in Euclidean space. The current best upper bound in all suciently high dimensions is due to Kabatiansky and Levenshtein in 1978. We revisit their argument and improve their bound by a constant factor using a simple geometric argument, and we extend the argument to packings in hyperbolic space, for which it gives an exponential improvement over the previously known bounds. Additionally, we show that the Cohn-Elkies linear programming bound is always at least as strong as the Kabatiansky-Levenshtein bound; this result is analogous to Rodemich's theorem in coding theory. Finally, we develop hyperbolic linear programming bounds and prove the analogue of Rodemich's theorem there as well.
Multi-parameter Quantum Groups via Quantum Quasi-Symmetric Algebras

It is proved that the entire multi-parameter (small-)quantum groups of symmetrizable Kac-Moody algebras can be realized as certain subquotients of the cotensor Hopf algebras. This is an axiomatic construction. Hopf 2-cocycle deformations variation for the construction machinery is described, moreover, the integrable irreducible modules can be constructed using this setting, even available for those in the fundamental alcove at root of unity case.
Minimally Invasive Ways to Monitor Changes in Cardiocirculatory Fitness in Running-based Sports: A Systematic Review

Abstract This systematic review provides a synthesis of research investigating submaximal protocols to monitor changes in cardiocirculatory fitness in running-based sports. Following PRISMA guidelines, 2,452 records were identified and 14 studies, representing 515 athletes, satisfied the eligibility criteria. While most studies found large associations between changes in heart rate at standardized, submaximal running speeds and changes in aerobic fitness (r=0.51–0.88), three studies failed to establish a relationship (r=0.19–0.35). The intensity of the submaximal protocols seems to be relevant, with changes in running speeds at 90% of maximal heart rate showing larger relationships with changes in aerobic fitness (r=0.52–0.79) compared to 70% of maximal heart rate (r=0.24–0.52). Conversely, changes in post-exercise heart rate variability were very largely associated with changes in aerobic fitness when the testing protocols were less intense (70% of maximal heart rate) (r=0.76–0.88), but not when the test required participants to achieve 90% of their maximal heart rate (r=−0.02–0.06). Studies on post-exercise heart rate recovery revealed inconclusive results (r=−0.01– −0.55), while rate of heart rate increase may be a promising athlete monitoring metric (r=0.08– −0.84) but requires further research. In summary, when executed, analyzed, and interpreted appropriately, submaximal protocols can provide valuable information regarding changes in athlete cardiocirculatory fitness.
Chronic Systemic Infection of Mice with Leishmania infantum Leads to Increased Bone Mass

Vector‐borne infections of humans with the protozoan parasite Leishmania (L.) infantum can cause a systemic and potentially lethal disease termed visceral leishmaniasis. In the corresponding mouse model, an intravenous infection with L. infantum leads to the persistence of parasites in various organs, including bone marrow (BM). Considering the anatomical proximity between the BM and the cortical bone, we investigated whether a chronic infection with L. infantum affected bone homeostasis. Unexpectedly, chronic infection with L. infantum caused an increase in bone mass in mice. In vivo, an increased number of osteoblasts and osteocytes and a decreased maturation of osteoclasts characterized the phenotype. Confocal laser scanning fluorescence microscopy confirmed the infection of BM macrophages but also revealed the presence of parasites in osteoclasts. In vitro, mature osteoclasts took up L. infantum parasites. However, infection of osteoclast progenitors abolished their differentiation and function. In addition, secretory products of infected BM–derived macrophages inhibited the maturation of osteoclasts. Both in vitro and in vivo, infected macrophages and osteoclasts showed an enhanced expression of the anti‐osteoclastogenic chemokine CCL5 (RANTES). Neutralization of CCL5 prevented the inhibition of osteoclast generation seen in the presence of culture supernatants from L. infantum‐infected macrophages. Altogether, our study shows that chronic infection with Leishmania increases bone mass by inducing bone formation and impairing osteoclast differentiation and function. © 2022 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Stein's Method for Multivariate Extremes

We apply the Stein-Chen method to problems from extreme value theory. On the one hand, the Stein-Chen method for Poisson approximation allows us to obtain bounds on the Kolmogorov distance between the law of the maximum of i.i. d. random variables, following certain well known distributions, and an extreme value distribution. On the other hand, we introduce marked point processes of exceedances (MPPE's) whose i.i. d. marks can be either univariate or multivariate. We use the Stein-Chen method for Poisson process approximation to determine bounds on the error of the approximation, in some appropriate probability metric, of the law of the MPPE by that of a Poisson process. The Poisson process that we approximate by has intensity measure equal to that of the MPPE. In some cases, this intensity measure is difficult to work with, or varies with the sample size; we then approximate by a further easier-to-use Poisson process and estimate the error of this additional approximation.