Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Novel Adaptive Square Root UKF with Forgetting Factor for the Time-Variant Parameter Identification

The unscented Kalman filter (UKF) serves as an efficient estimator widely utilized for the recursive identification of parameters. However, the UKF is not well suited for tracking time-variant parameters. Moreover, the unscented transformation (UT) used in the UKF typically relies on Cholesky decomposition to perform the square root operation of the covariance matrix. This method necessitates the matrix to maintain symmetry and positive definiteness. Due to the adverse influence of rounding error and noise, it becomes challenging to guarantee the positive definiteness of the matrix in each recursive step for practical engineering. The square root UKF (SRUKF) eliminates the need for the square root operation in the UT by directly updating the square root of the covariance matrix during each recursion. However, the SRUKF still relies on the rank 1 update to the Cholesky factorization to perform the recursive process, which also necessitates the matrix to be positive definite. Furthermore, the SRUKF is ineffective in the identification of time-variant parameters. Therefore, this paper proposes a modification to the SRUKF that ensures unconditional numerical stability by utilizing QR decomposition. Subsequently, the modified square root UKF (MSRUKF) method is enhanced by incorporating an adaptive forgetting factor that can be adjusted based on the residual information from each recursive step. This adaptation leads to the development of the adaptive SRUKF with forgetting factor (ASRUKF-FF) method, which significantly improves the tracking capability for time-variant parameters. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, this paper demonstrates its application in identifying the time-variant stiffness and damping parameters of a three-story frame structure. In addition, the method is employed to estimate the time-variant stiffness of the bridge excited by vehicles. The simulation results show that the proposed method has the superiority of high accuracy, strong robustness, and widespread applicability, even with incomplete measurements and inappropriate parameter settings.
Wide Band Periodic 2D Leaky-Wave Antenna for Millimeter-Wave Application

A wideband periodic leaky-wave antenna (LWA) is proposed in this paper. By using lossy dielectric material inside the wedge-like guide as medium for wave propagation, a leaky mode is excited and results in widening the bandwidth. For certain tangential losses, this leaky-wave antenna achieves 20.34% 3-dB gain bandwidth with maximum gain of 19.7 dBi. The antenna experiences low side lobe level (SLL) in general and low cross-polarization over the operating frequency, making the antenna suitable for millimeter-wave (mm-wave) applications.
Mode de franchissement osseux par « perméation » dans les lymphomes nasosinusiens : une étude radiologique et histologique

Introduction : il est souvent difficile d’affirmer la nature d’une tumeur nasosinusienne sur son seul aspect radiologique. Le diagnostic est conditionne a la realisation d’une biopsie, avec parfois des delais non negligeables. Des etudes sur de petites series suggerent que le mode de franchissement osseux par permeation, defini comme la presence de tumeur dans deux compartiments distincts (par exemple le sinus ethmoidal et l’orbite) de part et d’autre d’une cloison osseuse non lysee, pourrait etre assez caracteristique des lymphomes nasosinusiens (LNS). D’une maniere generale, les modes d’interaction entre la tumeur et l’os ont ete relativement peu etudies dans le massif facial, et restent encore mal connus. Dans ce contexte, les objectifs de ce travail ont ete : 1) d’etudier en tomodensitometrie les modes d’interaction entre os et tumeur, et d’evaluer la valeur diagnostique de l’aspect « permeatif » au scanner dans les LNS, par comparaison avec un panel des autres tumeurs nasosinusiennes les plus frequentes ; 2) de tenter de mieux comprendre le mecanisme physiopathologique de ce phenomene de permeation, par l’analyse histologique de pieces operatoires de plusieurs tumeurs malignes nasosinusiennes presentant un tel aspect radiologique. Materiels et methodes : etude retrospective monocentrique portant sur un groupe de 35 patients pris en charge entre 2006 et 2016 pour un LNS. Ce groupe a ete compare a des groupes d’effectif similaire de patients pris en charge sur la meme periode pour une autre tumeur maligne nasosinusienne : carcinome epidermoide (n=35), adenocarcinome (n=35), carcinome adenoide kystique (CAK ; n=35), melanome (n=35), carcinome neuroendocrine (n=10), neuroblastome (n=35), sarcome de differents sous types (n=19), myelome ou plasmocytome (n=11). Dans un deuxieme temps, les coupes histologiques des pieces operatoires de tumeurs identifiees comme permeatives etaient analysees. Resultats : parmi les patients presentant un LNS, 43% presentaient un aspect « permeatif » de la tumeur. Ce signe etait retrouve dans 9% des CAK, dans 1 cas de melanome, 1 plasmocytome et dans 0% des autres histologies (differences significatives, avec respectivement p=0,002, p<0,01, p=0,07 et p<0,01). Sur la serie de 250 patients, ce signe radiologique avait une sensibilite de 43%, une specificite de 98%, une VPP de 75% et une VPN de 91% pour le diagnostic de LNS. L’etude anatomopathologique revelait un franchissement osseux soit par diffusion tumorale a travers les espaces naturels separant les travees osseuses, soit par un mecanisme de lyse « infra-radiologique » des travees osseuses. Conclusion : en presence d’un aspect permeatif au scanner, le diagnostic de lymphome nasosinusien peut etre evoque d’emblee.
A Miniaturized Balanced-to-Balanced Power Divider With Common-Mode Noise Absorption

In this article, a miniaturized balanced-to-balanced (B-B) power divider (PD) has been introduced. The design of the proposed PD is to separate a typical absorptive B-B PD into three stages, input common-mode (CM) matching stage, power dividing stage, and output CM matching stage. By codesigning and combining the three stages, the circuit size is adjustable and absorptive B-B PDs can be realized in a compact size. Based on the proposed approach, an absorptive B-B PD is realized on a two-layered printed circuit board (PCB) structure. The circuit size of the proposed absorptive B-B PD is $0.43\lambda \text{g}^{2}$ , which is the most compact one among existing two-layered absorptive B-B PDs. The simulated results agree well with the measured ones. The measured results at 2.45 GHz show that reflection and transmission for CM operation are all less than −15 dB and less than −15 dB and better than −3.3 dB for differential-mode (DM) operation.
Estimation of Regional Left Ventricular Function Based on Texture Analysis of Computed Tomography Images

Author(s): Manohar, Ashish | Advisor(s): del Alamo, Juan Carlos | Abstract: Assessing regional cardiac function has many diagnostic implications in the treatment of various cardiac diseases such as myocardial ischemia, cardiac dyssynchrony, etc. Unfortunately, there is no accepted gold standard for the quantitative measurement of regional cardiac function. Current methods to assess regional cardiac function primarily rely on the subjective visual analysis of cardiac images. The method described in this thesis processes high resolution cardiothoracic CT scans to segment out and characterize the left ventricular endocardium. We hypothesize that the fractal dimension is an effective parameter to characterize and quantify the regional roughness/structure of the endocardium, which changes across the cardiac cycle.The method was tested on 10 normal cases and on one case with heart failure. All 10 normal cases showed a consistent and uniform decrease in the fractal dimension values from end diastole to end systole whereas the heart failure case showed no considerable change, differing by 3 standard deviations from the normal cohort. The method was consistent in distinguishing normal from abnormal for all possible sizes of the local neighborhood, but showing variation in the absolute values of the fractal characterization. Within a definite range, the method was not significantly sensitive (l 1% variation) to the initial threshold values input by the user. A study with three independent volunteers showed that the user was most likely to select a threshold value within this insensitive range. The method developed is non-invasive, simple to use with minimum operator involvement, and computationally inexpensive.
Results of a pilot clinical trial of the safety and efficacy of an original glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitor in acute coronary syndrome

Aim. To study the safety and efficacy of Angipure in acute ST-segment elevation coronary syndrome (STE-ACS) and high-risk percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) compared with eptifibatide.Material and methods. The study included 157 patients with STE-ACS. High-risk PTCA included massive or total coronary artery thrombosis, noreflow/slow-reflow phenomenon, and acute stent thrombosis. Fifty-five people received Angipure at a dose of 0,72 mg/kg, 52 — at a dose of 0,40 mg/kg, while 50 patients received eptifibatide (Integrilin). We conducted clinical and laboratory studies, electrocardiography (ECG), coronary angiography.Results. According to the criteria "Frequency and severity of hemorrhagic events, including hemorrhagic stroke", "Frequency, severity of other adverse events", there were no differences in safety between Angipure at doses of 0,40 and 0,72 mg/kg and eptifibatide. Complaints, clinical symptoms, vital signs, complete blood count, biochemical and coagulation tests, ECG in patients of different groups were similar and had unidirectional dynamics. The use of Angipure or eptifibatide was considered effective if no adverse outcomes (death, recurrent acute ischemic event, need for urgent revascularization) were observed within 30 days. There were no lethal outcomes. One repeated acute ischemic event was registered in each group. In groups of patients receiving Angipure 0,40 mg/kg and eptifibatide, urgent revascularization was required once each.Conclusion. Angipure and eptifibatide have similar safety and efficacy.
Synergies Between NASA's Hyperspectral Aquatic Missions PACE, GLIMR, and SBG: Opportunities for New Science and Applications

Within the next decade, NASA plans to launch three new missions with imaging spectrometers for aquatic science and applications: Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem (PACE) in 2024, Geostationary Littoral Imaging Radiometer (GLIMR) in 2026, and Surface Biology and Geology (SBG) in 2028. Taken together, these missions will evaluate long‐term trends in phytoplankton biomass linked to climate change, and provide new spectral capabilities to assess aquatic biogeochemistry, biophysics, and habitats. Hyperspectral measurements of ocean color, paired with advanced retrieval algorithms, can provide new information on phytoplankton community composition and water quality. We compare the mission architecture and sensor characteristics to identify the synergistic opportunities to merge algorithms, field data, and calibration and validation techniques. Each mission has unique temporal and spatial characteristics to monitor the aquatic transitions from watershed to open ocean ecosystems. SBG provides observations at high spatial scales to monitor emergent, floating, submerged, and benthic habitats from inland to coastal waters. With global daily coverage, PACE can track the fate of material as it meanders offshore and provides an enhanced context for phytoplankton diversity and global biogeochemical cycling. GLIMR is optimized to resolve temporal processes that give rise to aquatic rates and fluxes including phytoplankton growth rates, physiology, and episodic events such as storms. Applications with high spectral, spatial, and temporal resolution from these NASA missions include assessing carbon dynamics and biogeochemical cycling across the land‐ocean continuum, harmful algal blooms, and oil spills.
Identification of key genes responsible for green and white colored spathes in Anthurium andraeanum (Hort.)

Modern anthuriums, Anthurium andraeanum (Hort.) are among the most popular flowering plants and widely used for interior decoration. Their popularity is largely attributed to the exotic spathes with different colors. Previous studies have reported color development in red spathe cultivars, but limited information is available on key genes regulating white and green colored spathes. This study analyzed anthocyanin, chlorophyll, and carotenoid contents as well as transcript differences in spathes of eight cultivars that differed in spathe colors ranging from red to white and green. Results showed that increased expression of a transcription factor AaMYB2 was associated with elevated levels of anthocyanin in spathes, but decreased expression of AaMYB2 and increased expression of AaLAR (leucoanthocyanidin reductase) and AaANR (anthocyanidin reductase) were accompanied with the accumulation of colorless proanthocyanidin, thus the white spathe. As to the green colored spathe, chlorophyll content in the green spathe cultivar was substantially higher than the other cultivars. Correspondingly, transcripts of chlorophyll biosynthesis-related genes AaHemB (porphobilinogen synthase) and AaPor (protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase) were highly upregulated but almost undetectable in white and red spathes. The increased expression of AaHemB and AaPor was correlated with the expression of transcription factor AaMYB124. Subsequently, qRT-PCR analysis confirmed their expression levels in nine additional cultivars with red, white, and green spathes. A working model for the formation of white and green spathes was proposed. White colored spathes are likely due to the decreased expression of AaMYB2 which results in increased expression of AaLAR and AaANR, and the green spathes are attributed to AaMYB124 enhanced expression of AaHemB and AaPor. Further research is warranted to test this working model.
Preventing Forklift Front-End Failures: Predicting the Weight Centers of Heavy Objects, Remaining Useful Life Prediction under Abnormal Conditions, and Failure Diagnosis Based on Alarm Rules

This paper addresses the critical challenge of preventing front-end failures in forklifts by addressing the center of gravity, accurate prediction of the remaining useful life (RUL), and efficient fault diagnosis through alarm rules. The study’s significance lies in offering a comprehensive approach to enhancing forklift operational reliability. To achieve this goal, acceleration signals from the forklift’s front-end were collected and processed. Time-domain statistical features were extracted from one-second windows, subsequently refined through an exponentially weighted moving average to mitigate noise. Data augmentation techniques, including AWGN and LSTM autoencoders, were employed. Based on the augmented data, random forest and lightGBM models were used to develop classification models for the weight centers of heavy objects carried by a forklift. Additionally, contextual diagnosis was performed by applying exponentially weighted moving averages to the classification probabilities of the machine learning models. The results indicated that the random forest achieved an accuracy of 0.9563, while lightGBM achieved an accuracy of 0.9566. The acceleration data were collected through experiments to predict forklift failure and RUL, particularly due to repeated forklift use when the centers of heavy objects carried by the forklift were skewed to the right. Time-domain statistical features of the acceleration signals were extracted and used as variables by applying a 20 s window. Subsequently, logistic regression and random forest models were employed to classify the failure stages of the forklifts. The F1 scores (macro) obtained were 0.9790 and 0.9220 for logistic regression and random forest, respectively. Moreover, random forest probabilities for each stage were combined and averaged to generate a degradation curve and determine the failure threshold. The coefficient of the exponential function was calculated using the least squares method on the degradation curve, and an RUL prediction model was developed to predict the failure point. Furthermore, the SHAP algorithm was utilized to identify significant features for classifying the stages. Fault diagnosis using alarm rules was conducted by establishing a threshold derived from the significant features within the normal stage.
Early Outcomes of Different Reconstruction Procedures in Radical Distal Gastrectomy: A Retrospective Propensity Score Matching Study

Objective: To evaluate the short-term effects of Billroth I (B-I), Billroth Ⅱ (B-Ⅱ), Billroth Ⅱ+Braun (B-B), and Roux-en-Y (R-Y) reconstruction procedures in radical distal gastrectomy using propensity score matching (PSM). Materials and Methods: The clinical data of 1994 patients who underwent radical distal gastrectomy in the past 10 years were retrospectively analyzed. Subsequently, PSM analyses were performed 3 times on the 4 reconstruction procedures, and the matching capacity was set to 0.01. Data regarding control variables and outcome indicators obtained using PSM were compared and analyzed. Results: Compared with the other reconstruction procedures, patients in the B-I group had shorter operation time (P=0.002), fewer abdominal drainage tubes (P<0.001), and a lower risk of postoperative gastroparesis (P=0.001) and gastrointestinal bleeding (P=0.034), but tended to experience a longer postoperative indwelling time of bladder catheter (P<0.001), gastrointestinal decompression (P<0.001), fasting (P=0.001), and hospital stays (P=0.005). The B-B group tended to have fewer applications of the abdominal drainage tube (P=0.014), a lower risk of postoperative gastrointestinal fistula (P=0.040), shorter postoperative time of gastrointestinal decompression (P=0.043), fasting (P<0.001), and a shorter hospital stay (P<0.001) than the R-Y group. Furthermore, the B-B group had a shorter postoperative time for gastrointestinal decompression (P=0.014) and fasting (P<0.001) than the B-Ⅱ group. Conclusion: Billroth I reconstruction has the advantages of simple operation, short operative time, and few early complications, but tends to result in a long recovery time during postoperative hospitalization. The B-B operation is associated with faster postoperative recovery than the R-Y or B-Ⅱ operation.
Organic Changes in the Brain, Sleep Loss, and Sleep Modulation With Aging: A Review

The sleep loss (SL) are one of the important diseases that endanger the health of aging individuals. This study evaluated SL in aging individuals, and explored the relationship between age and the organic changes that affect brain and sleep. The causes of SL in aging individuals and its harmful effects on them have been outlined. To enable individuals in choosing a suitable way to sleep better, we also reviewed advantages and disadvantages of the existing sleep modulation based on lifestyle habits and drug and physical stimulation. We found the former as more suitable for patients with mild SL, while the latter may fail to achieve the desired effects and may even lead to the onset of new diseases. Therefore, it is proposed to use non-invasive electrical and magnetic stimulations to improve the sleep quality in aging patients.In this review, mechanisms of the two stimulation methods have been summarized. Through analysis, it was found that magnetic stimulation can induce neuronal action potential, which makes patients twitch, and equipment noise causes discomfort in the elderly during treatment. Comparative analysis of stimulation methods revealed that transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) is a considerably safe, convenient, non-invasive, and easy to operate method with few adverse reactions, and it can be considered a potential therapeutic method for SL in aging patients.
Maternal and Child Health Interventions: A Bibliometric Assessment of Global Research Landscape

Maternal and child health interventions play a pivotal role in improving health outcomes and promoting well-being among mothers and children worldwide. This study employs a multidimensional approach, combining bibliometric analysis, clustering, and citation analysis, to assess the global research landscape of maternal and child health interventions. The research methodology involves systematic data collection, preprocessing, and the utilization of VOSviewer for visualization and analysis. The results reveal thematic clusters, high-impact studies, and prevailing research trends within the field. The identified clusters encompass diverse themes such as child development, adolescent health, and policy implications. High-impact studies emphasize evidence-based approaches, addressing maternal undernutrition, child health interventions, and maternal and newborn health. Additionally, the frequency of keywords reflects research priorities in coverage, child health interventions, and intervention effectiveness. Conversely, areas with fewer occurrences, such as infant health and child undernutrition, suggest potential research gaps. This comprehensive assessment of the maternal and child health interventions landscape informs evidence-based decision-making, identifies research priorities, and guides the development of holistic interventions. The study contributes to advancing maternal and child health outcomes globally by providing insights into the current state, gaps, and directions for future research.
Movement Time and Subjective Rating of Difficulty in Real and Virtual Pipe Transferring Tasks

An experiment was performed to investigate the movement time (MT) and subjective rating of difficulty for real and virtual pipe transferring tasks. Thirty adults joined as human participants. The HoloPipes app in a Microsoft® Hololens 2 augmented reality (AR) device was adopted to generate virtual pipes. The participants performed pipe transferring trials, from one location to another on a workbench, in both lateral and anterior–posterior directions. For the lateral transferring tasks, pipes in three diameters with three transferring distances and two origins were tested. For the anterior–posterior transferring tasks, pipes with a diameter of 2.2 cm with three transferring distances and two origins were tested. It was found that the MT of transferring a virtual pipe was significantly (p < 0.0001) shorter than that of transferring a real pipe. Moreover, male participants transferred the pipe significantly (p < 0.0001) faster than their female counterparts. Thus, the hypothesis that transferring a virtual pipe is less efficient than transferring a real pipe was rejected. It was also found that the MT of transferring both a real and a virtual object was dependent upon gender, handedness, and the transferring direction. In addition, the subjective rating of difficulty in pipe transferring is positively correlated (r = 0.48, p < 0.0001) with the MT. Based on Fitts’ law, additive MT models were proposed. These models could be used to predict the MT between handling real and virtual pipes under gender, handedness, and transferring direction conditions.