Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design and Implementation of a Ku-Band High-Precision Blackbody Calibration Target

Microwave radiometers can be used in human tissue temperature measurement scenarios due to the advantages of non-destructive and non-contact temperature measurement. However, their accuracy often cannot meet the needs of practical applications. In this paper, a Ku-Band high-precision blackbody calibration target is designed to provide calibration for microwave radiometers and meet the requirements of a high temperature-measurement accuracy and high temperature-measurement resolution. From a practical application point of view, the blackbody calibration target needs to have the characteristics of high emissivity and high temperature uniformity. However, previous studies on blackbody calibration targets often focused on the scattering characteristics or temperature uniformity of the calibration target separately, and thus lack a comprehensive consideration of the two characteristics. In this paper, the electromagnetic scattering model and the temperature-distribution model of the calibration target are established through the multi-physical simulation combined with the Finite Element Method. Then, according to the simulation results of the two characteristic models, the structural parameters and composition of the coated cone array are continuously optimized. In addition, to achieve high-precision temperature control of the blackbody calibration target, this paper studies three PID controller parameter self-tuning algorithms, namely, BP-PID, PSO-PID and Fuzzy-PID for the optimal parameter tuning problem of traditional PID algorithms and determines the optimal temperature-control algorithm by comparing the performance of heating and cooling processes. Then, the blackbody calibration target is processed and manufactured. The arch test system is used to validate the reflectance of the calibration target, the emissivity is calculated indirectly, and the temperature-distribution uniformity of the temperature-control panel of the calibration target is tested by a multi-point distribution method. Finally, the uncertainty of the brightness temperature of the blackbody calibration target is analyzed.
A review article: Drug delivery systems, preparation techniques, and biological applications using nanoemulsion as a novel platform

Nanotechnology, particularly nanoemulsions (NEs), is an essential topic that has piqued the interest of researchers over the years. These significant molecules feature a spherical solid structure, a lipophilic amorphous negative charge surface, with small droplet size, and a large surface area, all of which contribute to the promising future of nanomedicine and the importance of NEs in a variety of sectors. The advantages and disadvantages of the components, preparation, characterization, assessment, and applications as a delivery medication system are summarized in this review paper. There are two different methods for NEs preparation: the high and low energy methods. In high energy methods, high-pressure homogenization, ultrasonication micro fluidization, and Spontaneous emulsification are described thoroughly. Low energy approaches emphasize phase inversion temperature, solvent evaporation technology, and hydrogel technologies. Low-energy procedures should be preferred over high-energy methods since they utilize less energy and do not necessitate the use of specific instruments. The transdermal application, aerosolized, ingestible NEs, and parenteral techniques are the four primary lines of biomedical uses of NEs as a delivery strategy. To summarize, these novel strategies are very promising, but additional research is needed to fully understand the relationship between NE formulation and physiological and pathological problems associated with diverse preparation
A Composite Kernel for Word Sense Disambiguation

The success of supervised learning approaches to word sensed disambiguation (WSD) is largely dependent on the representation of the context in which an ambiguous word occurs. In practice, different kernel functions can be designed according to different representations since kernels can be well defined on general types of data, such as vectors, sequences, trees, as well as graphs. In this paper, we present a composite kernel, which is a linear combination of two types of kernels, i.e., bag of words (BOW) kernel and sequence kernel, for WSD. The benefit of kernel combination is that it allows to integrate heterogeneous sources of information in a simple and effective way. Empirical evaluation shows that the composite kernel can consistently improve the performance of WSD.
A Cognitive View of the Legend of “EL DORADO”

The legend of El Dorado echoes the classical 1st attention spared in autism, the quantum 2nd attention hurt in it, the classical-quantum blend (or 3rdattention) hurt in madness, the perspective that Sir Walter Raleigh did not write Shakespeare’s plays, and the hypothesis that natural systems re-create (3) finiteness (1) through infinity (2) within nothingness (3). [1] Likewise, the meteorologist Alfred Wegener’s 1915 drift of continents, plate tectonics, and Leonardo da Vinci’s lost mural “Fight for the Standard” suggest that climatic avalanches should be checked by a Third Rome made up at the very least by the USA, Ukraine, and Russia (Hitler’s nemeses) and headed by a new Cincinnatus[2] as wily as St. George, St. Helga/Olga/Elena, St. Vladimir/Volodymyr, Riúrik of Novgorod, and Jaroslav the Wise. [1] “Zero” can be taken as a shut door at the end of the 2nd attention or as an open door at the start of the 3rd Attention. [2] Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus was a mythical short-term dictator in the early Roman Republic.
Optimal-power-flow solution by Newton's method applied to an augmented Lagrangian function

The paper describes a new approach to the optimal-power-flow problem based on Newton's method which it operates with an augmented Lagrangian function associated with the original problem. The function aggregates all the equality and inequality constraints. The first-order necessary conditions for optimality are reached by Newton's method, and by updating the dual variables and the penalty terms associated with the inequality constraints. The proposed approach does not have to identify the set of binding constraints and can be utilised for an infeasible starting point. The sparsity of the Hessian matrix of the augmented Lagrangian is completely exploited in the computational implementation. Tests results are presented to show the good performance of this approach.
Efficacy of Health Belief Model-Based Training in Changing the Beliefs about Substance use

Background: Substance use problems are associated with capitalizes health retro gradation, weakness and death due to impacts and exceed.Aims of the study: The purpose of this study was to identify the efficacy of health belief model based training in changing the beliefs about substance use among university students at Mosul City.Methodology: This study is based on experimental design by using the random controlled trial approach is conducted. A probability (simple random sample) of (N=80) undergraduate student. Data were gathered in 1st of October / 2019 till 12 of May / 2020 using a questionnaire method. The instrument consist of two parts; part I, involved, to describe the student's socio-demographic characteristic such as (age, gender, grade, college ,socioeconomic status) the part II, involved the using scale to measure students' beliefs towards of substance use.Results: demonstrated that the results of study the mean ± SD age of the study group and control group was (23.37 ± 2.09) and (23.70 ± 2.04) respectively. In addition, the same table demonstrated that majority of participant were normal body weight, the overall mean (± SD) of the body mass index were (21.23 ± 2.53), and the Mean scores and the Standard Deviations for the variables under the study were changed among participant's over times.Conclusion: This study concluded that designing an HBM-based study could affect students' understanding and their behaviors in the field of substance abuse.Recommendations: This study recommended there is a need to conduct future studies based on the Health Belief Model on large number of the Iraqi population with the goal of changing People's behavior about addiction.
Cardiac Metabolism and MiRNA Interference

The aberrant increase in cardio-metabolic diseases over the past couple of decades has drawn researchers’ attention to explore and unveil the novel mechanisms implicated in cardiometabolic diseases. Recent evidence disclosed that the derangement of cardiac energy substrate metabolism plays a predominant role in the development and progression of chronic cardiometabolic diseases. Hence, in-depth comprehension of the novel molecular mechanisms behind impaired cardiac metabolism-mediated diseases is crucial to expand treatment strategies. The complex and dynamic pathways of cardiac metabolism are systematically controlled by the novel executor, microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs regulate target gene expression by either mRNA degradation or translational repression through base pairing between miRNA and the target transcript, precisely at the 3’ seed sequence and conserved heptametrical sequence in the 5’ end, respectively. Multiple miRNAs are involved throughout every cardiac energy substrate metabolism and play a differential role based on the variety of target transcripts. Novel theoretical strategies have even entered the clinical phase for treating cardiometabolic diseases, but experimental evidence remains inadequate. In this review, we identify the potent miRNAs, their direct target transcripts, and discuss the remodeling of cardiac metabolism to cast light on further clinical studies and further the expansion of novel therapeutic strategies. This review is categorized into four sections which encompass (i) a review of the fundamental mechanism of cardiac metabolism, (ii) a divulgence of the regulatory role of specific miRNAs on cardiac metabolic pathways, (iii) an understanding of the association between miRNA and impaired cardiac metabolism, and (iv) summary of available miRNA targeting therapeutic approaches.
Laplacian pyramid-based downsampling combined with directionlet interpolation for low-bit rate compression

We proposed a novel framework on how to improve the compression performance through the idea related to the decreased spatial resolution down-sampled by the LP (Laplacian Pyramid) transform, and only code the low-pass band. Before being compressed, our method intentionally down-sampled the image as part of the pre-processing step, and then applies the directionlet interpolation as post-processing step of the compressed image. At low bit-rates an appropriately down-sampled image compressed using multi-codec and later interpolated via directionlet, can be visually and objectively better than the image compressed directly with the codec scheme at the same number of bits. Down-sampling and up-sampling play a key role in our proposed novel code means which support spatial scalability. This scheme can be utilized to efficiently optimize the overall quality of the reconstructed image, especially the rich textures or edges preservation. We compared with the conventional JPEG2000 coding method and showed our framework can get comparable good results at low bit rate and is independent with the coding method.
Antiandrogenic and Estrogenic Activity Evaluation of Oxygenated and Nitrated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Using Chemically Activated Luciferase Expression Assays

To establish the risk of the endocrine disrupting activity of polycyclic aromatic compounds, especially oxygenated and nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (oxy-PAHs and nitro-PAHs, respectively), antiandrogenic and estrogenic activities were determined using chemically activated luciferase expression (CALUX) assays with human osteoblast sarcoma cells. A total of 27 compounds including 9 oxy-PAHs (polycyclic aromatic ketones and quinones) and 8 nitro-PAHs was studied. The oxy-PAHs of 7H-benz[de]anthracen-7-one (BAO), 11H-benzo[a]fluoren-11-one (B[a]FO), 11H-benzo[b]fluoren-11-one (B[b]FO), and phenanthrenequinone (PhQ) exhibited significantly the potent inhibition of AR activation. All nitro-PAHs exhibited high antiandrogenic activities (especially high for 3-nitrofluoranthene (3-NFA) and 3-nitro-7H-benz[de]anthracen-7-one (3-NBAO)), and the AR inhibition was confirmed as noncompetitive for 3-NFA, 3-NBAO, and 1,3-dinitropyrene (1,3-DNPy). Antiandrogenic activity of 3-NFA demonstrated characteristically a U-shaped dose–response curve; however, the absence of fluorescence effect on the activity was confirmed. The prominent estrogenic activity dependent on dose–response curve was confirmed for 2 oxy-PAHs (i.e., B[a]FO and B[b]FO). Elucidating the role of AR and ER on the effects of polycyclic aromatic compounds (e.g., oxy- and nitro-PAHs) to endocrine dysfunctions in mammals and aquatic organisms remains a challenge.
Post‐Soviet fire and grazing regimes govern the abundance of a key ecosystem engineer on the Eurasian steppe, the yellow ground squirrel Spermophilus fulvus

Grazing intensity and fire patterns across the Eurasian steppes have changed dramatically over the past decades due to the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, and Kazakhstan is now a global fire hotspot. The implications of these changes for ecosystem functioning are largely unclear. We aimed to understand the effects of changed grazing intensity and fire frequency on a key ecosystem engineer, the yellow ground squirrel Spermophilus fulvus, on a very large scale.
Assessing quality performance through seven total quality management practices

With growing concerns about healthcare services especially during and after the Covid-19 pandemic, hospitals are compelled to provide non-traditional forms of quality services. Total quality management (TQM) practices are gaining attention and becoming a driving force to improve quality performance. This research aims to investigate the impact of TQM practices and quality performance in Jordanian public hospitals. The research used an online survey to collect data from 222 respondents from several public hospitals in Jordan. The results of structural equation modeling (SEM) confirms a positive relationship between supplier quality management, customer focus, and quality performance.
A query on FEV1Q: it may be useful, but is it helpful?

We read with great interest the new interpretive strategies for routine pulmonary function testing recently published in the European Respiratory Journal [1]. We appreciate the change in framing the assessment of pulmonary function over time from the amount of function lost to the amount that remains. Unfortunately, the discussion of this metric did not address some important aspects that clinicians use to monitor patients and make clinical decisions. The strategy for addressing natural changes in lung function over time utilises the FEV1Q (i.e. the forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) divided by the sex-specific first percentile values of the absolute FEV1 values found in adults with lung disease, that is 0.4 L for women and 0.5 L for men) to predict survival, but does not mention other indices of pulmonary function that are commonly used to track changes over time. The new interpretive strategies for pulmonary function tests do not give guidance on meaningful changes over time for important indices covered in the prior document https://bit.ly/3rbKMLl
Solution Classification for Perspective-Three-Point Problem Base on PST Method

The perspective-n-point (PnP) problem is originated from camera calibration. It is to determine the position and orientation of the camera with respect to a scene object from n correspondent points. And a new stable algorithm by using a geometric constraint called perspective similar triangle (PST) can give new equations to solve P3P. The PST method achieves high stability in the permutation problem and in presence of image noise. Using the complete discrimination system, we obtain the solution classification of the new equation for the P3P problem. The solution classification gives a set of formulas to determine the number of real solutions to the P3P problem. Based on the formulas, we may know whether the parameters give multiple solutions or not and are critical or not which is very important to present robust algorithm.
Transethosomal Gel for the Topical Delivery of Celecoxib: Formulation and Estimation of Skin Cancer Progression

The topical delivery of therapeutics is a promising strategy for managing skin conditions. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors showed a possible target for chemoprevention and cancer management. Celecoxib (CXB) is a selective COX-2 inhibitor that impedes cell growth and generates apoptosis in different cell tumors. Herein, an investigation proceeded to explore the usefulness of nano lipid vesicles (transethosomes) (TES) of CXB to permit penetration of considerable quantities of the drug for curing skin cancer. The prepared nanovesicles were distinguished for drug encapsulation efficiency, vesicle size, PDI, surface charge, and morphology. In addition, FT-IR and DSC analyses were also conducted to examine the influence of vesicle components. The optimized formulation was dispersed in various hydrogel bases. Furthermore, in vitro CXB release and ex vivo permeability studies were evaluated. A cytotoxicity study proceeded using A431 and BJ1 cell lines. The expression alteration of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A) gene and DNA damage and fragmentation using qRT-PCR and comet assays were also investigated. Optimized CXB-TES formulation was spherically shaped and displayed a vesicle size of 75.9 ± 11.4 nm, a surface charge of −44.7 ± 1.52 mV, and an entrapment efficiency of 88.8 ± 7.2%. The formulated TES-based hydrogel displayed a sustained in vitro CXB release pattern for 24 h with an enhanced flux and permeation across rat skin compared with the control (free drug-loaded hydrogel). Interestingly, CXB-TES hydrogel has a lower cytotoxic effect on normal skin cells compared with TES suspension and CXB powder. Moreover, the level of expression of the CDKN2A gene was significantly (p ≤ 0.01, ANOVA/Tukey) decreased in skin tumor cell lines compared with normal skin cell lines, indicating that TES are the suitable carrier for topical delivery of CXB to the cancer cells suppressing their progression. In addition, apoptosis demonstrated by comet and DNA fragmentation assays was evident in skin cancer cells exposed to CXB-loaded TES hydrogel formulation. In conclusion, our results illustrate that CXB-TES-loaded hydrogel could be considered a promising carrier and effective chemotherapeutic agent for the management of skin carcinoma.
Rule base simplification with similarity measures

In fuzzy rule based models, redundancy may be present in the form of similar fuzzy sets, especially if the models are acquired from data by using techniques like fuzzy clustering or gradient learning. The result is an unnecessarily complex and a less effective linguistic description of the system. An automated method is proposed that reduces the number of fuzzy sets in the model using a similarity measure. A comprehensive linguistic description is obtained by linguistic approximation. A numerical example demonstrates the approach.
Spatial and Temporal Pattern of Net Ecosystem Productivity in China and Its Response to Climate Change in the Past 40 Years

Net ecosystem productivity (NEP), which is considered an important indicator to measure the carbon source/sink size of ecosystems on a regional scale, has been widely studied in recent years. Since China's terrestrial NEP plays an important role in the global carbon cycle, it is of great significance to systematically examine its spatiotemporal pattern and driving factors. Based on China's terrestrial NEP products estimated by a data-driven model from 1981 to 2018, the spatial and temporal pattern of China's terrestrial NEP was analyzed, as well as its response to climate change. The results demonstrate that the NEP in China has shown a pattern of high value in the west and low value in the east over the past 40 years. NEP in China from 1981 to 2018 showed a significantly increasing trend, and the NEP change trend was quite different in two sub-periods (i.e., 1981–1999 and 2000–2018). The temporal and spatial changes of China's terrestrial NEP in the past 40 years were affected by both temperature and precipitation. However, the area affected by precipitation was larger. Our results provide a valuable reference for the carbon sequestration capacity of China's terrestrial ecosystem.
The von Neumann–McKenzie facet and the Jones Duality theorem in two‐sector optimal growth

It has been known that in the neoclassical two-sector growth model, a von Neumann–McKenzie facet coincides with a Rybczynski line and that the Rybczynski line through the steady state lies on the graph of an ergodically chaotic optimal dynamical system. This study reveals a close relationship between optimal dynamics and the Jones duality theorem, which uncovers the duality between the Rybczynski theorem and the Stolper–Samuelson theorem. More precisely, the characteristic roots of the Euler equation, characterizing optimal dynamics around the steady state, are equal to the Rybczynski term and the inverse of the Stolper–Samuelson term in the Jones theorem.
NATURAL CONVECTION HEAT TRANSFER FROM A CYLINDER COVERED WITH AN ORTHOTROPIC POROUS LAYER

The problem of laminar natural convection from a horizontal cylinder with an orthotropic porous layer on its outer surface was investigated numerically. The effect of several combinations of pressure loss coefficients and porous layer thickness on the normalized average Nusselt number was studied over a wide range of Rayleigh numbers. The results showed that the change in the normalized average Nusselt number was insensitive to the value of the radial pressure loss coefficient but decreased, nonlinearly, with the value of the tangential pressure loss coefficient. The optimal porous layer thickness for maximum reduction in the normalized average Nusselt number was inversely proportional to the Rayleigh number.
GRAVITATION AS AN INTERNAL GAUGE THEORY OF THE POINCARE GROUP

We describe a gauge theory of gravitation based on the poincare group treated as an internal symmetry group acting on five‐dimensional fiber spaces. One special feature of the theory is that the metric structure of the manifold which serves as the base space appears as a natural consequence of the formalism and is not imposed a priori. The theory encompasses general relativity and the Einstein–Cartan theory as particular cases, as well as other gravitation theories with torsium which have been recent proposed.