Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
WellComp 2023: Sixth International Workshop on Computing for Well-Being

With the advancements in ubiquitous computing, ubicomp technology has deeply spread into our daily lives, including office work, home and house-keeping, health management, transportation, or even urban living environments. Furthermore, beyond the initial metrics commonly applied in computing, such as “efficiency” and “productivity”, the benefits that people (users) get from well-being-aware ubiquitous technology have been greatly emphasized in the recent years. Through the sixth “WellComp” (Computing for Well-being) workshop, we will discuss and debate the contribution of ubiquitous computing towards users’ well-being covering physical, mental, and social wellness (and the combinations thereof), from the viewpoints of various different layers of computing. Organized by a diverse international team of ubicomp researchers, WellComp 2023 will bring together researchers and practitioners from both academia and industry to explore versatile topics related to well-being and ubiquitous computing.
Controlling pericellular oxygen tension in cell culture reveals distinct breast cancer responses to low oxygen tensions

Oxygen (O2) tension plays a key role in tissue function and pathophysiology. O2-controlled cell culture, in which the O2 concentration in an incubator’s gas phase is controlled, is an indispensable tool to study the role of O2 in vivo. For this technique, it is presumed that the incubator setpoint is equal to the O2 tension that cells experience (i.e., pericellular O2). We discovered that physioxic (5% O2) and hypoxic (1% O2) setpoints regularly induce anoxic (0.0% O2) pericellular tensions in both adherent and suspension cell cultures. Electron transport chain inhibition ablates this effect, indicating that cellular O2 consumption is the driving factor. RNA-seq revealed that primary human hepatocytes cultured in physioxia experience ischemia-reperfusion injury due to anoxic exposure followed by rapid reoxygenation. To better understand the relationship between incubator gas phase and pericellular O2 tensions, we developed a reaction-diffusion model that predicts pericellular O2 tension a priori. This model revealed that the effect of cellular O2 consumption is greatest in smaller volume culture vessels (e.g., 96-well plate). By controlling pericellular O2 tension in cell culture, we discovered that MCF7 cells have stronger glycolytic and glutamine metabolism responses in anoxia vs. hypoxia. MCF7 also expressed higher levels of HIF2A, CD73, NDUFA4L2, etc. and lower levels of HIF1A, CA9, VEGFA, etc. in response to hypoxia vs. anoxia. Proteomics revealed that 4T1 cells had an upregulated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) response and downregulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) management, glycolysis, and fatty acid metabolism pathways in hypoxia vs. anoxia. Collectively, these results reveal that breast cancer cells respond non-monotonically to low O2, suggesting that anoxic cell culture is not suitable to model hypoxia. We demonstrate that controlling atmospheric O2 tension in cell culture incubators is insufficient to control O2 in cell culture and introduce the concept of pericellular O2-controlled cell culture.
Reviving collapsed networks from a single species: the importance of trait variation and network architecture

Mutualistic ecological networks can suddenly transition to undesirable states, due to small changes in environmental conditions. Recovering from such a collapse can be difficult as reversing the original environmental conditions may be infeasible. Additionally, such networks can also exhibit hysteresis, implying that ecological networks may not recover. Here, using a dynamical eco-evolutionary framework, we try to resurrect mutualistic networks from an undesirable low-functional collapse state to a high-functioning state. We found that restoring the original environmental conditions rarely aided in recovering the original network due to the presence of hysteresis. By combining concepts from signal propagation theory and eco-evolutionary dynamical modeling, we show that network resurrection could be readily achieved by perturbing a single species that controls the response of the dynamical networks. We show that during the resurrection of collapsed networks, the historical network architecture, levels of trait variation, and eco-evolutionary dynamics could aid in the revival of the network even in undesirable environmental conditions. Our study argues that focus should be applied to a few species whose dynamics one could steer to resurrect the entire network from a collapsed state.
Asymmetric cortical projections to striatal direct and indirect pathways distinctly control actions

The striatal direct and indirect pathways constitute the core for basal ganglia function in action control. Although both striatal D1- and D2-spiny projection neurons (SPNs) receive excitatory inputs from the cerebral cortex, whether or not they share inputs from the same cortical neurons, and how pathway-specific corticostriatal projections control behavior remain largely unknown. Here using a new G-deleted rabies system in mice, we found that more than two-thirds of excitatory inputs to D2-SPNs also target D1-SPNs, while only one-third do so vice versa. Optogenetic stimulation of striatal D1- vs. D2-SPN-projecting cortical neurons differently regulate locomotion, reinforcement learning and sequence behavior, implying the functional dichotomy of pathway-specific corticostriatal subcircuits. These results reveal the partially segregated yet asymmetrically overlapping cortical projections on striatal D1- vs. D2-SPNs, and that the pathway-specific corticostriatal subcircuits distinctly control behavior. It has important implications in a wide range of neurological and psychiatric diseases affecting cortico-basal ganglia circuitry. In Brief Klug, Yan et al. employed a new modified rabies system in combination with slice physiology, optogenetics and behavioral tests to reveal that pathway-specific corticostriatal subcircuits distinctly control actions. Highlights One-third of the excitatory inputs to D1-SPNs project to D2-SPNs, while two-third of the excitatory inputs to D2-SPNs also target D1-SPNs Activation of D1-SPN projecting cortical neurons triggers behavioral effects in line with postsynaptic striatal direct pathway activation Activation of D2-SPN projecting cortical neurons causes behavioral effects similar with co-activation of both direct and indirect pathways Corticostriatal subcircuits control actions in a brain-region and pathway-specific manner
ARF6-dependent endocytic trafficking of the Interferon-γ receptor drives adaptive immune resistance in cancer

Adaptive immune resistance (AIR) is a protective process used by cancer to escape elimination by CD8+ T cells. Inhibition of immune checkpoints PD-1 and CTLA-4 specifically target Interferon-gamma (IFNγ)-driven AIR. AIR begins at the plasma membrane where tumor cell-intrinsic cytokine signaling is initiated. Thus, plasma membrane remodeling by endomembrane trafficking could regulate AIR. Herein we report that the trafficking protein ADP-Ribosylation Factor 6 (ARF6) is critical for IFNγ-driven AIR. ARF6 prevents transport of the receptor to the lysosome, augmenting IFNγR expression, tumor intrinsic IFNγ signaling and downstream expression of immunosuppressive genes. In murine melanoma, loss of ARF6 causes resistance to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). Likewise, low expression of ARF6 in patient tumors correlates with inferior outcomes with ICB. Our data provide new mechanistic insights into tumor immune escape, defined by ARF6-dependent AIR, and support that ARF6-dependent endomembrane trafficking of the IFNγ receptor influences outcomes of ICB.
La concentración de factores en los sistemas productivos locales (SLP) españoles: una integración hacia los distritos marshallianos

Flexible specialisation, the new competition and industrial districts are concepts reviewed in this paper to determine whether they can provide an alternative for the description of the industrial sector as a system of mass production. All three concepts stress the importance of a certain division of labour, of interfirm relations, of technological development, of flexibility, the role of small enterprises and a local value system. In order to prove part of that exposed, we seek to obtain evidence of productive factors concentration in the SPL.
An evaluation of the science needs to inform decisions on Outer Continental Shelf energy development in the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas, Alaska

On March 31, 2010, Secretary of the Interior Ken Salazar announced a national strategy for Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) oil and gas development. In that announcement, the Administration outlined a three-pronged approach (U.S. Department of the Interior, 2010a): Development: “. expand development and production throughout the Gulf of Mexico, including resource-rich areas of the Eastern Gulf of Mexico. ” Exploration: “. expand oil and gas exploration in frontier areas, such as the Arctic Ocean and areas in the Atlantic Ocean, to gather the information necessary to develop resources in the right places and the right ways. ” Conservation: “. calls for the protection of special areas like Bristol Bay in Alaska.national treasure[s] that we must protect for future generations. ” In a companion announcement (U.S. Department of the Interior, 2010b), within the Administration’s “Exploration” component, the Secretary asked the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to conduct an initial, independent evaluation of the science needs that would inform the Administration’s consideration of the right places and the right ways in which to develop oil and gas resources in the Arctic OCS, particularly focused on the Beaufort and Chukchi Seas (fig. 1).
Monitoring transparency in inland water bodies using multispectral images

The aim of this research was to monitor transparency in inland water bodies from water reflectance field measurements and also from high and medium spatial resolution sensors. The most suitable band to measure transparency was determined by sampling irradiance, water reflectance and transparency at different depths. The results of this sampling show that the wavelength range 520-600 nm is the most suitable band for measuring transparency. Reflectance in this band was regressed against transparency field data to derive an empirical equation for transparency estimation. This equation was assessed using data from Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) images from 1992 and Daedalus 1268 Airborne Thematic Mapper (ATM) data from 1997. The difference in the errors in the data observed between the two dates was attributed to the fact that in 1997 the sampling time was less than 3 h (1.5 h before and after the acquisition of the image), which allowed similar solar illumination conditions to be maintained, while in 1992 the sampling time was much longer. Once the equation was verified, water transparency monitoring was performed for a set of satellite images obtained from 1984 to 2000. The maps show that transparency in the water bodies responds to seasonal trends. Furthermore, this analysis enabled trophic state and Ecological Quality Ratio (EQR) transparency maps to be generated, which are very useful for the management of water bodies.
Estimating shear stress from moving boat acoustic Doppler velocity measurements in a large gravel bed river

Moving boat acoustic Doppler current profiling (ADCP) is increasingly used to measure discharge in large rivers. We investigate whether useful information about bed shear stress can be recovered from such data. Alternative ways to estimate local bed shear stress using the logarithmic law of the wall and spatial averaging are tested using ADCP transects across lower Fraser River, Canada. Repeatability is assessed by comparing estimates from outward and return boat tracks. The most precise method uses the vertically averaged mean velocity and a zero‐velocity height based on bed grain size information. The accuracy of the assumed zero‐velocity height can be judged by consistency between estimates using mean velocity and near‐bed velocity. Shear stress estimates from unconstrained log‐law fits are less repeatable and tend to overpredict, and mean shear stress estimates using the depth‐slope product are unreliable in this river because of nonuniform flow.
Origin of the Aves Ridge and Dutch–Venezuelan Antilles: interaction of the Cretaceous ‘Great Arc' and Caribbean–Colombian Oceanic Plateau?

Abstract: In this paper we reassess the geochronology and geochemistry of three dredge hauls from the SE corner of the Aves Ridge (Caribbean Sea) originally sampled in 1968 by Duke University's R.V. Eastward. Two hauls consist of light rare earth element-enriched granitoids with a U–Pb zircon emplacement age of 75.9 ± 0.7 Ma. A further haul contains mostly calc-alkaline island arc basaltic andesites of uncertain age. Petrological, trace element and isotopic constraints indicate that the granitoids have an oceanic crustal source and were formed by melting of the lower arc, oceanic or oceanic plateau crust. The mafic rocks formed by partial melting of an incompatible trace element-enriched mantle wedge, which was probably composed of mantle plume material. Both the dredged rocks and data from the Dutch–Venezuelan Antilles indicate a period of west-dipping underthrusting and subduction beneath, or close to, the Caribbean–Colombian Oceanic Plateau between c. 88 and c. 59 Ma, concurrent with collision of part of the plateau with northwestern South America. Constraints from the geochemistry and geochronology of offshore southern Caribbean arc and plateau rocks suggest that in the southern Caribbean there was no pre-existing west-dipping subduction system during formation of the Caribbean–Colombian Oceanic Plateau, whereas long-lived SW-dipping subduction in the northern Greater Antilles is more probable. Supplementary material: Sample details, major and trace element data (file 1), cathodoluminescence images of analysed zircons (file 2) and whole-rock standards (file 3) are available at http://www.geolsoc. org.uk/SUP18438.
Predicting episodic stream acidification in the southeastern United States: Combining a long‐term acidification model and the end‐member mixing concept

The model of acidification of groundwater in catchments (MAGIC) was applied to data from the Panola Mountain Research Watershed located near Atlanta, Georgia, in the southern Piedmont physiographic province of the United States. In contrast to past applications, MAGIC was calibrated directly to two soil environments using information gained from an independent mixing model rather than to the stream water. A third soil environment, the deeper soil horizons which provide base flow, was identified from the mixing model, but its chemistry was assumed to be invariant during the forecast period, and hence it was not included in MAGIC. This mixing model identified soil environments that appear to be important in determining present stream water chemistry, determined the hydrologic routing parameters necessary for the model, and permitted predictions of stream water chemistry during future storm events. Annual average stream water acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) was predicted to decrease during the next 50 years in a manner largely consistent with a regional analysis of the nearby southern Blue Ridge province performed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The two upper soil layers, however, were predicted to acidify substantially within the next 20 years so that the stream water may become unsuitable for sensitive aquatic biota for much of the year, despite a positive annual average ANC. This approach, which combines a predictive model and a mixing model, provides testable hypotheses because actual soil environments are modeled; field experiments to test the processes contained in the model are suggested.
Berberine exerts an anticonvulsant effect and ameliorates memory impairment and oxidative stress in a pilocarpine-induced epilepsy model in the rat

Though new antiepileptic drugs are emerging, approximately a third of epileptic patients still suffer from recurrent convulsions and cognitive dysfunction. Therefore, we tested whether berberine (Ber), a vegetable drug, has an anticonvulsant property and attenuates memory impairment in a pilocarpine (Pilo)-induced epilepsy model in rats. The rats were injected with 400 mg/kg Pilo to induce convulsions, and Ber 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg were administrated by the intragastric route once daily 7 days before Pilo injection until the experiment was over. Convulsions were observed after Pilo injection. For the rats that developed status epilepticus (SE), malondialdehyde, glutathione levels, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activity in the hippocampus were measured 24 hours after SE. The rats received the Morris water-maze test 2 weeks after SE, and then were killed for fluoro-jade B staining to detect the degenerating neurons. We found Ber delayed latency to the first seizure and the time to develop SE in a dose-dependent manner. Malondialdehyde levels were decreased, while glutathione and catalase activity were strengthened in Ber-injected SE rats. In the Morris water-maze test, Ber decreased escape latency compared to saline-treated SE rats. Additionally, Ber reduced the number of fluoro-jade B-positive cells in the hippocampal CA1 region. Our data suggest that Ber exerts anticonvulsant and neuroprotective effects on Pilo-induced epilepsy in rats. Simultaneously, Ber attenuates memory impairment. The beneficial effect may be partly due to mitigation of the oxidative stress burden.
Intraplate deformation of the Indian subcontinent

While deformation at the Earth's surface primarily occurs along tectonic plate boundaries, major earthquakes have shaken regions deep within continental interiors. Three of the largest (M > 7.5) historic intraplate earthquakes occurred within the Indian subcontinent, suggesting the possibility of significant intraplate deformation. We consider surface velocities determined from new GPS data collected at 29 continuous GPS stations and 41 survey‐mode GPS stations in India between 1995 and 2007 to find a north‐south shortening rate of 0.3 ± 0.05 nanostrain yr−1, which may be accommodated by 2 ± 1 mm/yr of more localized convergence across central India. Southward motions at 4–7 mm/yr of sites on the Shillong plateau in northeast India reflect rapid shortening and high earthquake hazard associated with active thrust faults bounding the plateau. The width and magnitude of the elastic strain accumulation field across the Himalaya varies little from ∼76°–90° longitude, but the strain is more broadly distributed and convergence rates are higher along the eastern ∼200 km of the range.
Guide to the Interpretation of Crustal Refraction Profiles

Summary Using the reflectivity method, synthetic, vertical-component seismograms have been computed for simple velocity transitions appropriate to crustal models. Record sections of the synthetic seismograms including refracted and reflected phases aid in elucidating the fine structure of the crust since they illustrate the effects of various velocity models. The computed record sections indicate the importance to interpretation of secondary arrivals such as near-vertical incidence and wide-angle reflections and illustrate the following: (1) an upper crustal low velocity layer (LVL) can best be recognized from reflections from the top of the LVL; (2) wide-angle reflections are nearly always of larger amplitude than head waves and have apparent velocities indicative of the layer velocities; (3) head wave amplitudes are greatly affected by velocity gradients within the refracting layer; (4) near-vertical incidence reflections are of significant amplitude principally for reflections from first-order velocity discontinuities; and (5) comp! ex wave patterns result from relatively simple upper crustal models which contain an LVL and serve to emphasize the need for detailed amplitude studies so that amplitudes of head waves and near-critical reflections may be considered. Synthetic seismograms which closely approximate observed seismograms for a detailed refraction line in the eastern Basin and Range province are used to infer fine structure of the crust. Synthetic record sections computed for a Basin and Range and an eastern United States crustal model illustrate different amplitude-timedistance features which are characteristic of observed seismic data from these regions.
University of Birmingham Fusion of heart rate variability and salivary cortisol for stress response identification based on adverse childhood experience

Adverse childhood experiences has been suggested to cause changes in physiological processes and can determine the magnitude of the stress response which might have a significant impact on health later in life. To detect the stress response, biomarkers that represent both Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) and Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis is proposed. Among the available biomarkers, Heart Rate Variability (HRV) has been proven as a powerful biomarker that represents ANS. Meanwhile, salivary cortisol has been suggested as a biomarker that reflects the HPA axis. Even though many studies used multiple biomarkers to measure the stress response, the results for each biomarker were analysed separately. Therefore, the objective of this study is to propose a fusion of ANS and HPA axis biomarkers in order to classify the stress response based on adverse childhood experience. Electrocardiograph, blood pressure (BP), pulse rate (PR) and salivary cortisol (SCort) measures were collected from 23 healthy participants, 12 participants had adverse childhood experience while the remaining 11 acted as the no adversity control group. HRV was then computed from the ECG and the HRV features were extracted. Next, the selected HRV features were combined with the other biomarkers using Euclidean distance (e d ) and serial fusion, and the performance of the fused features were compared using Support Vector Machine. From the result, HRV-SCort using Euclidean distance achieved the most satisfactory performance with 80.0% accuracy, 83.3% sensitivity and 78.3% specificity. Furthermore, the performance of the stress response classification of the fused biomarker, HRV-SCort, outperformed that of the single biomarkers: HRV (61% Accuracy), Cort (59.4% Accuracy), BP (78.3% accuracy) and PR (53.3% accuracy). From this study, it was proven that the fused biomarkers that represent both ANS and HPA (HRV-SCort) able to demonstrate a better classification performance in discriminating the stress response. Furthermore, a new approach for classification of stress response using Euclidean distance and SVM named as e d -SVM was proven to be an effective method for the HRV-SCort in classifying the stress response from PASAT. The robustness of this method is crucial in contributing to the effectiveness of the stress response measures and could further be used as an indicator for future health.