Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Review of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) is a preventable, lifelong disability that disproportionately affects Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. This review provides a comprehensive synthesis of the available information on FASD among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, with reference to the limitations on population-based data and evaluated programs. The review outlines; the harms of alcohol use in the context of colonisation, cultural perspectives on assessment and diagnosis, effective prevention programs and a summary of state and national policies. Health impacts, educational outcomes and the effects of FASD on vulnerable populations such as children in protection and young people in the justice system, are also discussed. Specific perspectives on why women drink during pregnancy and the role of Aboriginal women in preventing FASD are explored. Recommendations include that there be greater focus on the benefits of involving men in the prevention and management of FASD and that future FASD prevention strategies for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people should be community identified, led, and driven. FASD assessment, treatment and public health programs must also consider the history of trauma incurred by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities as a result of colonisation.
An overview of common emotion models in computer systems

Emotions are an omnipresent and important factor in the interaction and communication between people. Since emotions are an indispensable part of human life, it would accelerate the progress of artificial intelligence and other fields of science that require data about emotions if they could be adequately described by computer systems. Today there are many different theories of affect, but few of them are used in affective computing. Other areas of computing also benefit from structured and expressive data models of the affective domain, such as human-computer interaction and brain-computer interfaces. Typical tasks include automated recognition and analysis of emotional states, mental fatigue, individual motivation, vigilance and stress resilience. In this paper four often used models of emotion and cognitive behavior are listed and their properties explained: discrete, dimensional, appraisal and action tendency models. For each model, algorithms are provided for similarity measures that can be used to determine the relatedness between different stimulation and estimation artefacts in their respective emotion spaces. The goal of this article is to help professionals find the optimal emotion model for their research and quickly become familiar with data modelling of affective states.
Simulating Facebook Advertisements to Establish Cost per New HIV Diagnosis Using Routine and Targeted Models in a Local Population

Background: Undiagnosed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection remains a public health challenge. We explore Facebook (FB) advertisement (Ads) cost per new HIV diagnosis using non-targeted Ads, a routine testing model against targeted Ads, and a focused testing model in Texas. Methods: On 14 October 2021, we created (without launching) Texas-based, USD 10 targeted (using criteria matching HIV populations at risk) and non-targeted FB Ads for 10 days. In the process of creating the Ads, we collected estimated audience size, daily reach, and daily clicks. We estimated Ad cost for each new HIV diagnosis for targeted and non-targeted Ads using new HIV diagnosis rates from focused and routine testing campaigns. Results: The Ad costs per new HIV diagnosis from the targeted model were 4.74, 2.86, 5.28, and 2.88 times lower for men, Black, Hispanic, and all age groups, respectively, when compared to the non-targeted model. The wider the gap was between new HIV diagnosis rates in a population for focused and routine testing, the more cost-effective targeted Ads became. Conclusions: Among HIV populations at risk, targeted FB Ads are more cost-effective for detecting new HIV infections than non-targeted Ads. This cost-effectiveness increases in locations where focused testing increases new HIV diagnosis rates, compared to routine testing.
Nowe media jako narzędzie usprawniające życie niepełnosprawnych

Tematem niniejszej pracy jest udział osób niepełnosprawnych w korzystaniu z nowych mediów. Teza pracy przyjmuje, że korzystanie z nowych mediów sprzyja zwiększeniu niezależności osób niepełnosprawnych. Nowe media, w szczególności dostęp do Internetu daje im możliwość nabywania nowych kontaktów oraz zdobywania wiedzy. Osoby niepełnosprawne komunikują się w inny sposób niż osoby bez dysfunkcji. Posługują się językiem migowym, alfabetem brajla czy za pomocą specjalnych urządzeń. Dlatego też, by móc w pełni korzystać z Internetu, osoby niepełnosprawne często potrzebują pomocy. Po pierwsze w nauce z korzystania z Sieci, by zapobiec zagrożeniom, a po drugie w dostępie do nowych mediów. Strony Internetowe nie są przystosowane dla m.in. niewidomych, niesłyszących czy epileptyków. W pracy bada się możliwości jakie daje Internet osobom niepełnosprawnych oraz analizuje strony internetowe pod kątem wymogów WCAG. Jej celem jest wykazanie możliwości nowych mediów w ulepszeniu warunków życia osób niepełnosprawnych.
Reducing lead time during installation projects through Continuous Improvement and Early Management

Problem: Tetra Pak’s strategy is to expand World Class Manufacturing (WCM) from manufacturing to installation projects in order to reduce the installation lead time. There is a challenge in the WCM implementation since it requires a cross-functional approach and uncertainties with the installation projects being at customer’s site. The question at hand is; how can Tetra Pak use the Early Management methodology within WCM to achieve Continuous Improvement for installation projects and thus reduce the lead time? Purpose: The purpose of the master thesis is to develop an Early Management model and critical success factors to achieve Continuous Improvement and reduce the lead time for installation projects. Method: The case study started with building up an understanding of the installation projects by open interviews and analysing archive data.Relevant theory within Continuous Improvement, WCM and Early Management was combined with the empirical findings to construct a holistic Early Management model with supporting critical success factors for achieving and sustaining Continuous Improvement. Their credibility and to what extent the elements are implemented today was thereafter validated with key stakeholders by structured interviews. Conclusion: The theoretical and cross-functional Early Management model developed in this study captures many of the current issues in the case company that affect the lead time. The Early Management model requires identified critical success factors to be established in order to achieve and sustain Continuous Improvement.
A short-time PM2.5 concentration forecasting method based on support vector regression and genetic algorithm

To improve the short-time forecasting accuracy of PM2.5 concentration, this paper presents a GA-SVR forecasting method based on support vector regression (SVR) and genetic algorithm (GA). GA can optimize the hyper-parameters of the SVR model to obtain higher forecasting accuracy. The inputs of the model contain air pollutant data, meteorological data and seasonal features. To confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method, models have been trained and tested based on two public data sets and compared to other machine learning methods.
Strategic Performance Measurement System in Higher Education in Indonesia: New Public Management Approach

This research is a descriptive overview to describe the alignment between the criteria and measurements of a number of performance indicators compiled in the university's strategic plan. Key Performance Indicators (KPI) as indicators of organizational performance based on the Vision, Mission and Organizational Strategy which are derived from Key Performance Indicators (KPI) and Program Performance Indicators or Activity Performance Indicators. Alignment measurement method uses correspondence analysis technique. This study finds that most of the measurement criteria are still dominated by the economic aspect.
ROOTING SUPPOSITION IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS

An easy method would-be to assign everyone routing path in each one wrapper. The delivery of the manner is quintessence that it’s sense aloft conceivably hefty for cartons with drawn-out routing expressway. Using the routing road separately carton, many measure and symptomatic programs can attend active executive and pact inflation for deployed WSNs self-assured of heaps undervalued sensor nodes. Path puss a different thing of a light-weight hash situation for facts from the deduced expressway. To incur then build up the interpretation facility again the realization readiness, path puss a fast bootstrapping form to overhaul the initially gather of artery. To make the repetitious boosting forceful and valuable, two problems have been addressed. The hash operation requires be featherweight and valuable abundant ago it must be administering on resource-restricted sensor nodes. Using the routing road individually carton, many dimension and indicative procedures can oversee forceful oversight and contract inflation for deployed WSNs self-assured of great ignored sensor nodes. We enforce path and calculate its drama practicing traces from huge-scale WSN deployments too considerable simulations. Results expose that path achieves much outstanding facelift ratios lower different structure settings when reach more condition-of-the-art programs. When equal Path Zip, path exploits high path analogy betwixt legion containers for fast supposition, encompass far beat scalability.
Genome Guided Personalized Drug Therapy in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

ADHD is a common behavioral syndrome with a heritability of 70–80%. Genome wide sequencing and association studies indicate that ADHD risk variants are distributed across a wide range of allele frequencies and relative risks. Several common single nucleotide variants (SNPs) have been identified that increase the risk of ADHD with a few percent. Many of the reported risk genes and copy number variants are shared with other neuropsychiatric disorders. Moreover, ADHD often coexists with common or rare somatic diseases, including rare Mendelian neurometabolic diseases that can affect normal brain development and function. Some genetic/metabolic syndromes masquerading as common ADHD may lead to irreversible brain damage if not properly identified and treated during early childhood. As ADHD is such a heterogeneous condition in terms of severity, clinical features and most probably also underlying biology, it is crucial to offer individualized treatments. Recent progress in ADHD genetics is reviewed, prospects of using this information for targeted pharmacotherapy are discussed and critical knowledge gaps are identified. It is suggested that genome guided therapies could be introduced gradually, starting with rare ADHD syndromes with highly penetrant risk genes. Routine diagnostic application of whole exome or whole genome sequencing combined with metabolomic screening, and brain imaging may be needed in cases with suspected neurometabolic disorders. Identification and treatment of ADHD patients with defined neurometabolic aberrations could be a first step toward genome guided personalized treatment of ADHD. Possibly, screening for relevant biomarkers may gradually be implemented to guide treatment choices in larger patient groups.
A Fully 3D‐Printed Tortoise‐Inspired Soft Robot with Terrains‐Adaptive and Amphibious Landing Capabilities

Terrain adaptation and amphibious landing pose the greatest challenges for soft amphibious robots. Based on the principles of tortoises, this paper presents a fully 3D‐printed soft amphibious robot with four pneumatic bionic legs that are capable of bending in three dimensions. The gaits of the robot are described in six different ways and a dynamic model is developed for its control. In addition to linear motion (0.97 BL s−1) and turning (25.4° s−1) on rigid terrain, the robot can also maneuver on various surface conditions (such as hills, gaps, smooth slopes, gravel, sand, muddy terrain, and water), and even make an amphibious landing. These properties, together with the soft amphibious robot's continuous obstacle avoidance capabilities, high load‐carrying capacity (28 times its own weight), low cost, and high camouflage, allow for a wide variety of applications.
A Novel Fluidic Platform for Semi-Automated Cell Culture into Multiwell-like Bioreactors

In this work, we developed and characterized a novel fluidic platform that enables long-term in vitro cell culture in a semi-automated fashion. The system is constituted by a control unit provided with a piezoelectric pump, miniaturized valves, and a microfluidic network for management and fine control of reagents’ flow, connected to a disposable polymeric culture unit resembling the traditional multiwell-like design. As a proof of principle, Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVEC) and Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hMSC) were seeded and cultured into the cell culture unit. The proliferation rate of HUVEC and the osteogenic differentiation of hMSC were assessed and compared to standard culture in Petri dishes. The results obtained demonstrated that our approach is suitable to perform semi-automated cell culture protocols, minimizing the contribution of human operators and allowing the standardization and reproducibility of the procedures. We believe that the proposed system constitutes a promising solution for the realization of user-friendly automated control systems that will favor the standardization of cell culture processes for cell factories, drug testing, and biomedical research.
UVR Promotes Keratinocyte Phagocytosis and Skin Pigmentation Through TRPA1 Channels

Purpose Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) enhances skin pigmentation, which involves the production of melanin by melanocytes and subsequent transfer to keratinocytes. In the epidermis, keratinocyte phagocytosis plays a pivotal role in the process of melanosome transfer to protect DNA of epidermal cells against damage from UVR. Previous research suggested that transient receptor potential channels ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) was required for UVR-induced early melanin synthesis in melanocytes. Currently, there is no evidence that supports the detailed mechanism of TRPA1 for UVR-induced phagocytosis by keratinocytes. Here, we investigated the effect and the possible mechanisms of TRPA1 on keratinocyte phagocytosis and skin pigmentation after UVR exposure. Methods Flow cytometry was applied to investigate the effect of TRPA1 on intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]ic) and fluorescent microspheres uptake was carried out to analyze phagocytosis in HaCaT cells (human immortalized keratinocytes). Western blotting was applied to measure the protein expression of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), phosphorylated CaMKII and β-catenin after UVA/UVB exposure. Masson-Fontana staining was applied to observe the effect of XAV-939 (decreasing the expression of β-catenin) on UVB-induced skin pigmentation in guinea pigs. Results TRPA1 channels activated by UVR increased the [ca2+]ic and phosphorylation of CaMKII in HaCaT cells. The UVR-induced phagocytosis was regulated by TRPA1 in HaCaT cells. TRPA1 promoted the protein expression of β-catenin after UVR exposure in HaCaT cells. XAV-939, inhibiting β-catenin expression, decreased the UVB-induced skin pigmentation on in vivo guinea pig models. Conclusion Taken together, TRPA1 activated by UVR led to the increase of intracellular calcium, which promoted the phosphorylation of CaMKII, enhancing keratinocyte phagocytosis. Moreover, TRPA1 regulated the protein expression of β-catenin to exert a lightening effect on skin pigmentation. Our findings suggest that TRPA1 may be a potential therapeutic target for UVR-induced skin pigmentary diseases.
Memory T Cell Response to Cytomegalovirus + Clonotypic Structure of the Human CD4

High steady-state frequencies of CMV-speciﬁc CD4 1 memory T cells are maintained in CMV-exposed subjects, and these cells are thought to play a key role in the immunologic control of this permanent infection. However, the essential components of this response are poorly deﬁned. Here, we report the use of a step-wise application of ﬂow cytometric and molecular techniques to determine the number and size of the TCR V b -deﬁned clonotypes within freshly obtained CMV-speciﬁc CD4 1 memory T cell populations of four healthy, CMV-exposed human subjects. This analysis revealed a stable clonotypic hierarchy in which 1–3 dominant clonotypes are maintained in concert with more numerous subdominant and minor clonotypes. These dominant clonotypes accounted for 10–50% of the overall CMV response, and comprised from 0.3 to 4.0% of peripheral blood CD4 1 T cells. Two subjects displayed immunodominant responses to single epitopes within the CMV matrix phosphoprotein pp65; these single epitope responses were mediated by a single dominant clonotype in one subject, and by multiple subdominant and minor clonotypes in the other. Thus, the CMV-speciﬁc CD4 1 T cell memory repertoire in normal subjects is characterized by striking clonotypic dominance and the potential for epitope focusing, suggesting that primary responsibility for immunosurveillance against CMV reactivation rests with a handful of clones recognizing a limited array of CMV determinants. These data have important implications for the understanding of mechanisms by which a genetically stable chronic viral pathogen such as CMV is controlled, and offer possible insight into the failure of such control for a genetically ﬂexible pathogen like HIV-1. The Journal of Immunology, 2001, 167: 1151–1163.
Wikimarks: Harvesting Relevance Benchmarks from Wikipedia

We provide a resource for automatically harvesting relevance benchmarks from Wikipedia -- which we refer to as "Wikimarks" to differentiate them from manually created benchmarks. Unlike simulated benchmarks, they are based on manual annotations of Wikipedia authors. Studies on the TREC Complex Answer Retrieval track demonstrated that leaderboards under Wikimarks and manually annotated benchmarks are very similar. Because of their availability, Wikimarks can fill an important need for Information Retrieval research. We provide a meta-resource to harvest Wikimarks for several information retrieval tasks across different languages: paragraph retrieval, entity ranking, query-specific clustering, outline prediction, and relevant entity linking and many more. In addition, we provide example Wikimarks for English, Simple English, and Japanese derived from the 01/01/2022 Wikipedia dump. Resource available: https://trema-unh.github. io/wikimarks/
Study of single-cell dynamics of S. cerevisiae in a low-pressure microfluidic device

Short Abstract — S. cerevisiae is a model organism used for different studies in Systems Biology. It is usually studied inside microfluidic devices that trap cells by means of mechanical pressure. It has been demonstrated that mechanical pressure affects cell physiology. By means of a novel microfluidic device we study single-cell dynamics of S. cerevisiae cell in a low-pressure environment. We present the design and fabrication of this novel microfluidic device as well as initial studies of division strategies and aging made with it.
Radiation-hardened Erbium-doped optical fibers and amplifiers for future high-dose space missions

We present a new class of Erbium-doped optical fibers: the Hole-Assisted Carbon-Coated, HACC fibers. Optical fibers with this particular structure have been made by iXFiber on the basis of an appropriate choice of codopants in their core and claddings. By using an additional pre-treatment with deuterium (D2) loading authorized by the HACC structure, we highlight the efficiency of such components and demonstrated that this new type of fiber presents a strongly enhanced radiation resistance compared to the other types of erbium-doped optical fibers studied in litterature. We also built an Erbium-doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) with one of these HACC fibers and compared its radiation response to the one of the same fiber composition but without the HACC structure and D2 loading. We tested the performances of this EDFA under Υ-rays and characterize its gain degradation up to doses of 315 krad. Before irradiation, the amplifier presents a gain of about 31 dB that is comparable to the optical performances of amplifiers based on HACC fibers without the D2 pre-treatment and the HACC structure. During irradiation, our results demonstrate that the tested amplifier is nearly unaffected by radiations. Its gain slowly decreases with the dose at a slope rate of about -2.2×10-3 dB/krad. This strong radiation resistance (enhancement of a factor of ×10 compared to the previous or conventional radiation tolerant EDFA) will authorize the use of HACC doped fibers and amplifiers for various applications in space for missions associated both with low or large irradiation doses.
A Matrix-Based Heuristic Algorithm for Extracting Multiword Expressions from a Corpus

This paper describes an algorithm for automatically extracting multiword expressions (MWEs) from a corpus. The algorithm is node-based, i.e. extracts MWEs that contain the item specified by the user, using a fixed window-size around the node. The main idea is to detect the frequency anomalies that occur at the starting and ending points of an ngram that constitutes a MWE. This is achieved by locally comparing matrices of observed frequencies to matrices of expected frequencies, and determining, for each individual input, one or more sub-sequences that have the highest probability of being a MWE. Top-performing sub-sequences are then combined in a score-aggregation and ranking stage, thus producing a single list of score-ranked MWE candidates, without having to indiscriminately generate all possible sub-sequences of the input strings. The knowledge-poor and computationally efficient algorithm attempts to solve certain recurring problems in MWE extraction, such as the inability to deal with MWEs of arbitrary length, the repetitive counting of nested ngrams, and excessive sensitivity to frequency. Evaluation results show that the best-performing version generates top-50 precision values between 0.71 and 0.88 on Turkish and English data, and performs better than the baseline method even at n=1000.
Synthetic Turing Reducibility in CIC

We discuss a definition of Turing reducibility in synthetic computability carried out in CIC, the type theory underlying Coq. CIC distinguishes between functions (which can be assumed to all be computable) and total functional relations, allowing for a definition of Turing reducibility via continuous Turing functionals, based on an idea of Bauer