Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cat8 Response to Nutritional Changes and Interaction With Ehrlich Pathway Related Factors

Cat8 is an important transcription factor regulating the utilization of non-fermentative carbon sources in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. However, our previous studies found that Cat8 may play a critical role in nitrogen metabolism, but the regulatory mechanism has not been elucidated. In this study, the nuclear localization and analysis of regulatory activity showed that the Cat8 function relies on Snf1 kinase. In the fermentation with glucose or glycerol as carbon sources under phenylalanine (Phe) induction, by comparing the changes of cellular gene expression and Cat8 target gene binding profiles after Cat8 overexpression, enhanced transcription was shown among key genes involved in the Ehrlich pathway (e.g., ARO9, ARO10, and ADH2) and its upstream and downstream related factors (e.g., GAP1, AGP1, GAT1, PDR12, and ESPB6), indicating that Cat8 participated in the regulation of nitrogen metabolism. Moreover, highly active Cat8 interacts with transcriptional activator Aro80 and GATA activator Gat1 coordinately to regulate the transcription of ARO10. Altogether, our results showed that Cat8 may act as a global transcription factor in response to nutritional changes, regulating both carbon and nitrogen utilization. This provides a new insight for us to explore the regulation of cell nutrient metabolism networks in yeast.
The Allelopathic Activity of Extracts and Isolated from Spirulina platensis

We determined the allelopathic effects of crude organic (hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol) extracts of the cyanobacterial Spirulina platensis on barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv. ) and Chinese amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor L.). The crude ethyl acetate extract showed the highest inhibitory activity and was subsequently fractionated by column chromatography into 23 fractions based on thin-layer chromatography band pattern similarities. Four concentrations (2000, 1000, 500, and 250 ppm) of each fraction were tested for their allelopathic activity. Fractions E6 and E13 exhibited the most significant inhibitory effects against Chinese amaranth. The constituents of the highly active E6F3-E6F5 fractions determined by GC-MS, chromatography, and spectroscopy included the fatty acids, γ-linolenic acid 15, oleic acid 12, and predominantly palmitic acid 7; minor constituents included 2-ethyl-3-methylmaleimide 9 and C11 norisoprenoids (dihydroactinidiolide 10 and 4-oxo-β-ionone 13). Isolation of E13 fraction by column chromatography revealed four C13 norisoprenoids: 3-hydroxy-β-ionone 17, 3-hydroxy-5α,6α-epoxy-β-ionone 18, 3-hydroxy-5β,6β-epoxy-β-ionone 19, and loliolide 20. Their structures were elucidated by NMR spectroscopy. All six isolated norisoprenoids inhibited seed germination and seedling growth of Chinese amaranth at concentrations of 250–1000 ppm. Allelochemicals from S. platensis could be utilized in the development of novel bioactive herbicides.
Modeling and performance analysis of semiconductor on insulator field effect transistors

Due to aggressive scaling of Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors (MOSFET), Silicon (Si) technology is expected to reach its physical performance limit within few years. Researchers are looking for alternative materials, and alternative architectures for future logic and information processing devices. Ultrathin body (UTB) fully depleted (FD) Semiconductor on Insulator is one of the promising architecture for next generation devices due to its superior performance in terms of junction capacitance and subthreshold swing. Si has been explored as a channel material in Semiconductor on Insulator devices, known as Silicon on Insulator (SOI) MOSFETs. Moreover, III-V materials and Ge are being studied extensively as good candidates to replace Si as channel material due to their high electron and high hole mobility respectively; light electron and light hole conduction effective mass respectively. In this dissertation, we mainly have focused on two issues. First, A physically based compact surface potential model is proposed to simulate gate C-V characteristics of UTB FD SOI devices. Quantum mechanical (QM) effects, such as, energy quantization of inversion layer carriers, wavefunction penetration into the front and buried oxide layers are incorporated in this model. The power law for lowest (ground) quantized energy level versus normal electric field at oxide (E1 ∝ Fox ) is used with λ = 0.64 for electrons and λ = 0.6 for holes in weak and strong inversion region. Surface potentials at three interfaces (front oxide silicon film interface, silicon film buried oxide interface and buried oxide substrate interface) are calculated using the E1 values. Substrate region is incorporated in the calculation to simulate devices with low substrate doping. Once surface potentials at the three surfaces are know, inversion
When is there Enough Data to Create a Global Statistic?

To monitor progress towards global goals such as the Sustainable Development Goals, global statistics are needed. Yet cross-country datasets are rarely truly global, creating a trade-off for producers of global statistics: the lower the data coverage threshold for disseminating global statistics, the more can be made available, but the lower accuracy they will have. We quantify this availability-accuracy trade-off by running more than 10 million simulations on the World Development Indicators. We show that if the fraction of the world’s population on which one lacks data is x, then one should expect to be 0.37 *x standard deviations off the true global value, and risk being as much as x standard deviations off. We show the robustness of this result to various assumptions and give recommendations on when there is enough data to create global statistics. Though the decision will be context specific, in a baseline scenario we suggest not to create global statistics when there is data for less than half of the world’s population.
Influence of frequency-dependent characteristics of grounding and line models on transient overvoltages in overhead lines

This paper assesses the influence of the frequency-dependent characteristics of line and grounding models, along with the effect of the frequency dependence of the electrical parameters of soil, on developed lightning overvoltages in overhead lines. It is shown that in most cases the frequency dependence of soil parameters can be disregarded in the line model. On the other hand, the frequency-dependent characteristics of grounding markedly impacts the developed transient voltages, and in accurate studies a grounding static model should be avoided. Streszczenie. Oszacowano wpływ charakterystyk częstotliwościowych modelu linii i uziomu, włącznie z zależnością od częstotliwości parametrów gruntu, na przepięcia pochodzenia piorunowego w liniach napowietrznych. W większości przypadków w modelu linii zależność parametrów gruntu od częstotliwości może być pominięta. Charakterystyki częstotliwościowe uziomu mają natomiast znaczący wpływ na wyznaczane przepięcia, zatem w przypadku dokładnych analiz należy unikać stosowania statycznego modelu uziomu. (Wpływ charakterystyk częstotliwościowych uziemienia i linii na przepięcia piorunowe w liniach napowietrznych).
Experimental observation of quantum-limited timing jitter in an active, harmonically modelocked fiber laser

Summary form only given. Recent measurements of timing jitter in actively modelocked fiber lasers (AMFLs) producing picosecond pulses at GHz rates have demonstrated performance limited by the local oscillator (LO) driving the laser. This is a technological limit and does not reveal the fundamental timing jitter. The fundamental jitter is determined by the ASE noise power and a set of characteristic coefficients determined by the laser parameters. By using an ultralow phase-noise LO and a sensitive residual phase noise measurement, we have observed quantum-limited timing jitter of an AMFL and compared the jitter to a theoretical model derived analytically from the master equation of modelocking.
Impaired Antitumor Immune Response in MYCN-amplified Neuroblastoma Is Associated with Lack of CCL2 Secretion and Poor Dendritic Cell Recruitment

In neuroblastoma, MYCN amplification is associated with sparse immune infiltrate and poor prognosis. Dendritic cells (DC) are crucial immune sentinels but their involvement in neuroblastoma pathogenesis is poorly understood. We observed that the migration of monocytes, myeloid and plasmacytoid DC induced by MYCN-nonamplified neuroblastoma supernatants was abrogated by the addition of anti-CCL2 antibodies, demonstrating the involvement of the CCR2/CCL2 axis in their recruitment by these tumors. Using public RNA sequencing and microarray datasets, we describe lower level of expression of CCL2 in MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma tumors, and we propose a working model for T-cell recruitment in neuroblastoma tumors in which CCL2 produced by neuroblastoma cells initiates the recruitment of monocytes, myeloid and plasmacytoid DCs. Among these cells, the CD1c+ subset may recruit T cells by means of CCL19/CCL22 secretion. In vitro, supernatants from DCs cocultured with neuroblastoma cell lines and activated contain CCL22 and CCL19, and are chemotactic for both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. We also looked at immunomodulation induced by neuroblastoma cell lines, and found MYCN-nonamplified neuroblastoma cell lines were able to create a microenvironment where DC activation is enhanced. Overall, our findings highlight a major role for CCL2/CCR2 axis in monocytes, myeloid and plasmacytoid cells recruitment toward MYCN-nonamplified neuroblastoma, allowing further immune cell recruitment, and show that these tumors present a microenvironment that can favor DC responses. Significance: In MYCN-nonamplified neuroblastoma, CCL2 produced by neuroblastoma cells induces the recruitment of antigen-presenting cells (DCs and monocytes/macrophages), allowing infiltration by T cells, in link with CCL19 and CCL22 production, hence favoring immune responses.
Failure diagnosis in rotating machines using fra involving the rotation angle of the rotor

Several studies have shown, that the SFRA method is not only suitable for transformers but also for rotating machines as a tool for reliable condition diagnosis. Is has the ability to sensitively detect diverse faults, which influence the frequency response in different frequency ranges. Therefore, a condition assessment of a machine is possible. Even faults that are not directly in the electrical measuring circuit of the SFRA have an effect on the frequency response and are therefore detectable. Examples are rod ruptures in the damper cage of synchronous machines or broken rods in squirrel cages of induction machines. Conventional methods are often unable to detect this types of fault, and new, alternative methods are also often very complex and in some cases not practical. This paper focuses on the SFRA method for the detection of different failure modes involving the rotation angle of the rotor. The rotor position is altered, allowing the detection of failures without comparison to a fingerprint. This is a general and transferable approach, which might provide new possibilities for failure diagnosis in rotating machines, even if no previous SFRA measurement is available.
Understanding Trainers Implementing their Occupational Skill in Delivering Training

The objective of this study was to understand the vocational instructional implementation of occupational skill while delivering hardware maintenance training in Kavraplanchok district of Nepal. A case study research design was applied while carrying out this study. All together five participants were purposefully selected for the study. The study reveals that the training was taken for granted by the trainees. Lack of equipment, tools and resources, same teaching learning methodology, focus on tradition lecture methods and limited time frame were the hindering factor during the implementation of occupational skills by the trainers.
The Users’ Intention to Participate in a VR/AR Sports Experience by Applying the Extended Technology Acceptance Model (ETAM)

Since the basic model of technology acceptance model (TAM) was introduced, studies in various fields have been conducted to improve the explanatory power of the TAM. These studies show that there are limitations in explaining the intention to use a new technology with just two variables (perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use), and that the intention to use a new technology can be affected by many external variables, in addition to the two variables. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to identify factors affecting users’ intention to participate in a virtual/augmented reality (VR/AR) sports experience based on the extended technology acceptance model (ETAM). To this end, this study analyzed the results of a survey conducted on 300 university students who are sports majors in Korea, who have experienced VR/AR sports. First, among experience economy factors, education experience, escape experience, and esthetic experience had a positive effect on presence. Second, presence had a positive effect on perceived usefulness and flow. Third, perceived usefulness and flow had a positive effect on the intention to participate. This study has significance in empirically investigating the relationship among variables affecting users’ intention to participate in a VR/AR sports experience using the ETAM. The results can be used as basic data for establishing strategies necessary in vitalizing VR/AR sports in the future.
A First Approach to Determine If It Is Possible to Delineate In-Season N Fertilization Maps for Wheat Using NDVI Derived from Sentinel-2

Adjusting nitrogen fertilization to the nutritional requirements of crops is one of the major challenges of modern agriculture. The amount of N needed is mainly determined by crop yield, so yield maps can be used to optimize N fertilization. As the adoption of yield monitors is low among farmers, implementation of this approach is still low. However, as the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is related to grain yield, the main objective of this work was to identify at which wheat growth stage a moderate agreement between NDVI and yield is obtained. For this, NDVI images obtained from Sentinel-2 were used, and the evolution of concordance was analyzed in 13 classified parcels of wheat employing the Kappa index (KI). In one-third of the plots, a moderate agreement (KI > 0.4) was reached before the stem elongation growth phase (when the last N application was made). In another one-third, moderate agreement was reached later, in more advanced development stages. For the cases in which this agreement did not exist, an attempt was made to find the causes. The MANOVA and subsequent descriptive discriminant analysis (DDA) showed that the NDVI dates that contribute the most to the differentiation between plots with and without agreement between grain yield maps and NDVI images were those corresponding to tillering. The sum of the NDVI values of the tillering phase was significantly lower in the group of plots that did not show concordance. Sentinel-2 imagery was successful on 66% of plots for delineation of management zones after GS 30, and thus is useful for producing fertilization maps for the upcoming season. However, to produce in-season fertilization maps, further studies are needed to better understand the mechanisms that regulate the relation between yield and NDVI at early growth stages (
A New Scheme For Direct Integration of Offshore Wind Farms to MVDC rid With Fault Bypass Feature

One of the major challenges in evacuating power from the offshore renewable energy source is reducing the number of equipment involved in the energy conversion process. In the strategy presented in this article, the output of a permanent magnet synchronous generator coupled with a wind turbine is converted to a low voltage DC by an AC–DC converter and then directly connected to a Medium Voltage Direct Current (MVDC) corridor using a new fault tolerant soft switched high gain DC–DC converter. During the fault in the MVDC corridor, the DC–DC converter is blocked forcing the fault current to zero, the faulty MVDC corridor is bypassed using the simple DC disconnectors, and then the DC–DC converter is connected to the healthy MVDC corridor. In this article, the efficacy of the proposed scheme is discussed in detail and substantiated through extensive simulation studies done in PSCAD/EMTDC. The theoretical and simulation analysis is also verified by experimental results.
Inverted-L microstrip open slot antenna with wideband circularly polarization for Wimax application

Abstract A novel wideband circularly polarized printed antenna is proposed in this paper. It consists of asymmetrical ground and monofilar spiral stubs connecting to it. By employing an inverted L-shaped microstrip feedline to excite the slit etched in the ground and spiral stubs, a wideband culalry polarized performance of the proposed antenna is realized. After optimization, the measured results of the final structure demonstrate that a 10 dB bandwidth of 76.2% from 2.6 to 5.8 GHz and a 3 dB axial-ratio bandwidth for circular polarization of 72.9% from 2.7 to 5.8 GHz could be achieved which could completely cover the Wimax (3.3–3.8 GHz) band.
Cephalometric Analysis in Orthodontics Using Artificial Intelligence—A Comprehensive Review

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a branch of science concerned with developing programs and computers that can gather data, reason about it, and then translate it into intelligent actions. AI is a broad area that includes reasoning, typical linguistic dispensation, machine learning, and planning. In the area of medicine and dentistry, machine learning is currently the most widely used AI application. This narrative review is aimed at giving an outline of cephalometric analysis in orthodontics using AI. Latest algorithms are developing rapidly, and computational resources are increasing, resulting in increased efficiency, accuracy, and reliability. Current techniques for completely automatic identification of cephalometric landmarks have considerably improved efficiency and growth prospects for their regular use. The primary considerations for effective orthodontic treatment are an accurate diagnosis, exceptional treatment planning, and good prognosis estimation. The main objective of the AI technique is to make dentists' work more precise and accurate. AI is increasingly being used in the area of orthodontic treatment. It has been evidenced to be a time-saving and reliable tool in many ways. AI is a promising tool for facilitating cephalometric tracing in routine clinical practice and analyzing large databases for research purposes.
Hybrid PV/battery‐storage unit for residential applications

Under their ‘Gone Green’ deployment scenario, National Grid forecast that energy generated from photovoltaics (PV) in the UK is expected to rise from 2 to 15 GW over the next 20 years. This is being driven by the UK's legal obligations around installing renewable energy sources and cutting greenhouse gases, the rising cost of energy and concerns around the security of supply. Power electronic converters are a key enabling technology for PV and other low-carbon technologies (LCTs). However, the use of LCTs can result in problems for the electrical distribution network such as supply voltage distortion and over-voltages, which threaten to limit or delay their uptake. The project described here is investigating the use of GaN-based converters in a hybrid PV/battery-storage unit for residential applications. The potential for MHz operation of GaN offers smaller, lighter, more efficient, and lower cost converters compared with existing silicon-based units and their deployment could lead to an increase in the installed LCT capacity on the network.
Loss of pod strings in common bean is associated with gene duplication, retrotransposon insertion, and overexpression of PvIND

Regulation of fruit development has been central in the evolution and domestication of flowering plants. In common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), a major global staple crop, the two main economic categories are distinguished by differences in fiber deposition in pods: a) dry beans with fibrous and stringy pods; and b) stringless snap/green beans with reduced fiber deposition, but which frequently revert to the ancestral stringy state. To better understand control of this important trait, we first characterized developmental patterns of gene expression in four phenotypically diverse varieties. Then, using isogenic stringless/revertant pairs of six snap bean varieties, we identified strong overexpression of the common bean ortholog of INDEHISCENT (PvIND) in non-stringy types compared to their string-producing counterparts. Microscopy of these pairs indicates that PvIND overexpression is associated with overspecification of weak dehiscence zone cells throughout the entire pod vascular sheath. No differences in PvIND DNA methylation were correlated with pod string phenotype. Sequencing of a 500 kb region surrounding PvIND in the stringless snap bean cultivar Hystyle revealed that PvIND had been duplicated into two tandem repeats, and that a Ty1-copia retrotransposon was inserted between these tandem repeats, possibly driving PvIND overexpression. Further sequencing of stringless/revertant isogenic pairs and diverse materials indicated that these sequence features had been uniformly lost in revertant types and were strongly predictive of pod phenotype, supporting their role in PvIND overexpression and pod string phenotype. Significance Fruit dehiscence is a key trait for seed dissemination. In legumes, e.g., common bean, dehiscence relies on the presence of fibers, including pod “strings”. Selections during domestication and improvement have decreased (dry beans) or eliminated (snap beans) fibers, but reversion to the fibrous state occurs frequently in snap beans. In this article, we document that fiber loss or gain is controlled by structural changes at the PvIND locus, a homolog of the Arabidopsis INDEHISCENT gene. These changes include a duplication of the locus and insertion/deletion of a retrotransposon, which are associated with significant changes in PvIND expression. Our findings shed light on the molecular basis of unstable mutations and provide potential solutions to an important pod quality issue. Competing Interest Statement The authors have no competing interests.
The Role of Podoplanin in the Immune System and Inflammation

Abstract Podoplanin is a small cell-surface mucin-like glycoprotein that participates in multiple physiological and pathological processes. Podoplanin exerts an important function in the immune response and is upregulated in fibroblasts, macrophages, T helper cells, and epithelial cells during inflammation. Herein, we summarize the latest knowledge on the functional expression of podoplanin in the immune system and review the contribution of podoplanin to several inflammatory diseases. Furthermore, we discuss podoplanin as a novel therapeutic target for various inflammatory diseases.