Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Turbulent Natural Convection in an Enclosure at Varying Rayleigh Number

Most fluids used in technical applications are of low viscosity; hence, fluid flows encountered in engineering applications are mostly turbulent. Parameters that influence the distribution of the flow field of turbulent flow regimes thus significantly affect the performance of many thermal systems. In this study, we analyze the distribution of the flow field of a Boussinesq buoyancy-driven turbulent airflow for and , and establish the effect of the Rayleigh number on these distributions. The flow domain comprises of a rectangular enclosure of constant aspect ratio, partially heated on a sidewall and cooled on the opposite wall. Due to the rapid fluctuations in flow properties intrinsic in the turbulent flow regime, we subject the equations governing a viscous incompressible buoyant fluid flow to the Reynolds decomposition and averaging process to obtain equations that describe a turbulent flow field. We treat turbulence using the turbulence model coupled with the Boussinesq approximation. To ensure that the conservation laws are satisfied at both the local and over the entire flow domain, the equations are discretized using the robust finite volume method. The method possesses the ability to adapt a grid structure that captures the local features of the flow domain and the final form of the discretized equations has an intimate connection to the actual physical laws. Since the equations are coupled, a segregated pressure-based iterative method is used to obtain the solution. The results obtained revealed that the flow fields are distributed non-uniformly in the flow domain and the distribution significantly depend on the Rayleigh number of the flow. The results are consistent with the experimental results of Markatos and Pericleous (1984).
Simulation of a Dust‐And‐Rain Event Across the Red Sea Using WRF‐Chem

We present simulations of a series of dust‐and‐rain events in July/August 2020 that caused significant loss of life and property over northeast Africa and the Red Sea coast using convection‐permitting Weather Research and Forecasting‐Chem simulations at 1.5 km horizontal grid spacing coupled with prognostic dust and aerosol scheme together with a double‐moment cloud microphysical scheme. The model generally captures the optical properties and vertical profiles of dust but has difficulty reproducing the seasonal dust plumes that originate over northeast Africa and reach the western Arabian Peninsula through the Tokar gap. Overlapping of synoptic events with local, diurnal‐scale, convective features caused continuous rainfall over the study domain in July/August 2020. The model well simulates the synoptically‐driven clouds over the ocean (∼4–8 km) and daytime deep convective clouds over the land but cannot reproduce cumulus clouds over the ocean advected from land, which leads to some biases in simulating peak rainfall rates. Although our simulations do not explicitly consider aerosol particles as ice nuclei, the model reproduces the cirrus clouds found at ∼10–15 km height during the study period. Simulations with a planetary boundary layer (PBL) scheme better represented the diurnal profile of surface temperature and winds, as well as the rainfall distribution, than without using a PBL scheme. Dust generally enhanced rainfall during the synoptic rain event through indirect effects but suppressed rainfall during sea‐breeze‐induced convective events through dust direct effects by weakening the sea‐breeze circulation.
LRG1 Associates with Iron Deficiency Anemia Markers in Adolescents

Leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein1 (LRG1) has been shown to be associated with several health conditions; however, its association with iron deficiency anemia, especially in children, has not been previously explored. In this study, we investigated the association between LRG1 and several iron deficiency anemia markers, including hemoglobin (Hb), albumin, red cell distribution width (RDW), iron, ferritin, and Hb transferrin saturation. A total of 431 participants were included in this analysis aged between 11 and 14 years. Higher LRG1 levels were observed in children diagnosed with anemia [31.1 (24.6, 43.2) µg/mL] compared to non-anemic children [29.2 (22.7–35.95) µg/mL]. Statistically significant differences of LRG1 level across the three groups (tertiles) of Hb, iron, transferrin saturation, albumin, RDW, ferritin, and WBC were observed. Strong negative correlations were observed between LRG1 and Hb (Spearman’s rho = −0.11, p = 0.021), albumin (Spearman’s rho = −0.24, p < 0.001), iron (Spearman’s rho = −0.25, p < 0.001), and Hb transferrin saturation (Spearman’s rho = −0.24, p < 0.001), whereas circulating LRG1 levels were positively associated with RDW (Spearman’s rho = 0.21, p < 0.001). In conclusion, our findings demonstrate for the first time the strong association between iron deficiency anemia markers and LRG1 in otherwise healthy school-aged children. However, further studies are needed to corroborate those results and to look for similar associations in other population subgroups.
Effects of Secondary Organic Aerosol Water on fine 1 PM levels and composition over US 2

Water is a key component of atmospheric aerosol, affecting many aerosol 15 processes including gas/particle partitioning of semi-volatile compounds. Water 16 related to secondary organic aerosol (SOAW) is often neglected in atmospheric 17 chemical transport models and is not considered in gas-to-particle partitioning 18 calculations for inorganic species. We use a new inorganic aerosol thermodynamics 19 model, ISORROPIA-lite, which considers the effects of SOAW, to perform chemical 20 transport model simulations for a year over the continental United States to quantify 21 its effects on aerosol mass concentration and composition. SOAW can increase 22 average fine aerosol water levels up to a factor of two when secondary organic aerosol 23 (SOA) is a major PM 1 component. This is often the case in the south-eastern U.S 24 where SOA concentrations are higher. Although the annual average impact of this 25 added water on total dry PM 1 concentrations due to increased partitioning of nitrate 26 and ammonium is small (up to 0.1 μg m −3 ), total dry PM 1 increases of up to 2 μg m −3 27 (with nitrate levels increases up to 200%) can occur when RH levels and PM 1 28 concentrations are high.
Detection of DNA Methylation in Gene Loci ASTN1, DLX1, ITGA4, RXFP3, SOX17, and ZNF671 for Diagnosis of Cervical Cancer

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of DNA methylation detection of multiple gene loci in cervical cancer. Methods A total of 61 cases requiring cervical biopsy were selected from the outpatient clinic of Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province between January 2018 and December 2019. The patients were divided into four groups based on histopathologic diagnosis: cervical cancer (CC) group, high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) group, low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) group, and control group. HPV examination, liquid-based cytology examination, and DNA methylation detection at multiple gene sites were performed. The positive rate of DNA methylation, sensitivity, specificity, area under the curve (AUC), and other efficacy indexes were calculated to evaluate the diagnostic value of DNA methylation detection at multiple gene loci in cervical cancer. Results The positive rates of DNA methylation in CC, HSIL, LSIL, and control groups were 100%, 88%, 83% and 17%, respectively. The ZNF671 gene had the highest positive rate among the cervical lesion group, with rates of 57%, 76%, and 100% in LSIL, HSIL, and CC groups respectively. The combination of DNA methylation detection at multiple gene loci showed the highest diagnostic efficacy for HSIL and cervical cancer, with AUC value of 0.850 (95% CI:0.746–0.954), a Youden index of 0.654, and a sensitivity and specificity of 85% and 85.4%, respectively. The diagnostic efficacy of the combined detection was significantly higher than that of HPV examination and liquid-based cytology examination (P < 0.05). Conclusion DNA methylation detection at multiple gene loci is highly effective and diagnostic tool for cervical cancer, and has potential application value in clinical practice.
Constraction of p-Adic Gibbs Measure for p-Adic λ-Ising Model

In this work we establish the existence of the p-adic Gibbs measure for the p-adic λ-Ising model on the Cayley tree of order two. In the previous studies, p-adic Ising model and p-adic λ-model were distinctly studied in many papers with the various properties. In this work, it is the first we combined both p-adic Ising model and p-adic λ-model on the Cayley tree of order two. In this research we only establish the model and we proved the existence of the p-adic Gibbs measures in the p-adic case. Here, we use the methods of p-adic analysis, and then, our results do not work in the real case.
Study of PDMS-based flexible conductive elastomeric composite filled with rGO-CaCO3 nanocomposite

ABSTRACT In this paper, the authors developed a nanocomposite and nano-filled conductive elastomer through a simple and novel approach. First, the rGO-CaCO3 nanocomposite was synthesized by varying the wt. % of rGO. After that, the nanocomposite unified into the PDMS in the ratio 1:4 (1-part nanocomposite and 4-part PDMS). The influence of doping nanocomposite into the PDMS was thoroughly studied using FESEM, XRD, Raman, XPS, and UV-Vis characterizations. It has been concluded that the doping of nanocomposite enhances the electrical, structural, and optical properties of the PDMS. Absorbance was also, improved, and the optical band gap energy was decreased significantly. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
A Mean-field forest-fire model

We consider a family of discrete coagulation-fragmentation equations closely related to the one-dimensional forest-fire model of statistical mechanics: each pair of particles with masses i, j ∈ N merge together at rate 2 to produce a single particle with mass i + j, and each particle with mass i breaks into i particles with mass 1 at rate (i − 1)/n. The (large) parameter n controls the rate of ignition and there is also an acceleration factor (depending on the total number of particles) in front of the coagulation term. We prove that for each n ∈ N, such a model has a unique equilibrium state and study in details the asymptotics of this equilibrium as n → ∞: (I) the distribution of the mass of a typical particle goes to the law of the number of leaves of a critical binary Galton-Watson tree, (II) the distribution of the mass of a typical size-biased particle converges, after rescaling, to a limit profile, which we write explicitly in terms of the zeroes of the Airy function and its derivative. We also indicate how to simulate perfectly a typical particle and a size-biased typical particle by pruning some random trees.
Transition events in a genetic regulatory system under asymmetric stable L\'evy noise

We investigate the dynamical effects of non-Gaussian asymmetric stable Lévy noisy fluctuations on the evolution of the transcription factor activator in the kinetic concentration model of a single genetic regulation system. The noisy fluctuations arise from the determination of the synthesis reaction rate, and are modeled by asymmetric stable Lévy motions. We compute two deterministic quantities, the mean first exit time (MFET) and the first escape probability (FEP), to examine the transition events from low to high concentration state under the influence of Lévy noise. We find that the fluctuations of the synthesis reaction rate lead to peculiar transitions to higher concentrations (i.e., higher likelihood for transcriptions), such as higher likelihood of transcription for larger positive skewness parameter (asymmetry index) β, achieving the minimum likelihood of transcription by tuning skewness parameter β, achieving the higher likelihood of transcription by tuning non-Gaussianity index α, and a bifurcation for transcription at the critical value α = 1. We conduct a series of numerical experiments about ‘regulating’ the likelihood of gene transcription by tuning asymmetric stable Lévy noise parameters.
Accuracy Assessment and Comparative Analysis of IDW, Spline and Kriging in Spatial Interpolation of Landform (Topography): An Experimental Study

It is practically impossible and unnecessary to obtain spatial-temporal information of any given continuous phenomenon at every point within a given geographic area. The most practical approach has always been to obtain information about the phenomenon as in many sample points as possible within the given geographic area and estimate the values of the unobserved points from the values of the observed points through spatial interpolation. However, it is important that users understand that different interpolation methods have their strength and weaknesses on different datasets. It is not correct to generalize that a given interpolation method (e.g. Kriging, Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW), Spline etc.) does better than the other without taking into cognizance, the type and nature of the dataset and phenomenon involved. In this paper, we theoretically, mathematically and experimentally evaluate the performance of Kriging, IDW and Spline interpolation methods respectively in estimating unobserved elevation values and modeling landform. This paper undertakes a comparative analysis based on the prediction mean error, prediction root mean square error and cross validation outputs of these interpolation methods. Experimental results for each of the method on both biased and normalized data show that Spline provided a better and more accurate interpolation within the sample space than the IDW and Kriging methods. The choice of an interpolation method should be phenomenon and data set structure dependent.
Understanding a videogame home intervention for children with hemiplegia: a mixed methods multi-case study

Introduction Access to rehabilitation therapies is a salient and growing issue for children with cerebral palsy (CP) and their families, motivating interest in home-based interventions. Bootle Blast is a low-cost, movement-tracking videogame that can be used at home to encourage upper limb (UL) functional exercise tailored to each child's abilities and therapy goals. The study objectives were to: 1) Establish the extent to which children achieve their self-directed play-time goal over a 12-week intervention, 2) Measure changes in UL motor outcomes, and 3) Explore participants' experiences of using Bootle Blast at home. Methods Mixed methods case series study of four children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy (HCP), each with a participating parent. Participants played Bootle Blast at home for 12 weeks. Study assessments occurred at baseline, post-intervention and four week follow up. A post-intervention interview explored participants' experiences. Game-logs provided play time and progress data. Results Three of four participants (8-13 yrs., Manual Ability Classification Level I-II) completed the intervention. One dropped out at week 6. Play-time goals were achieved in most weeks, with two of four children surpassing their overall intervention goals. Outcomes varied across the three participants, however consistent improvements were observed on the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure and the Box and Blocks Test. Inductive analysis generated four main themes: 1) Intrinsic motivators fostered play engagement, 2) Virtual play for real-world gains, 3) Therapy on demand (at home), and 4) Shifting the onus from the parent to the game. Integration of qualitative and quantitative data was important for interpreting play patterns/usage and clinical outcomes. Discussion This mixed methods study describes a novel videogaming intervention designed for home-rehabilitation for children with HCP and provides preliminary evidence to guide future study design and research. Clinical Trial Registration [https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04009031? recrs=h&cond=Cerebral+Palsy&cntry=CA&city=Toronto&draw=2&rank=1], identifier [NCT04009031].
Serum biochemistry, meat quality and oxidative stability in broiler chicken supplemented with a novel phytogenic feed additive formulated from P. betle, P. nigrum, A. lanata and C. dactylon

The present study investigated the effect of a phytogenic feed additive (PFA) formulated with Aerva lanata, Piper betle, Cynodon dactylon and Piper nigrum on the haematological and serum biochemical profiles in broiler chicken, and its efficacy to improve quality and oxidative stability of chicken meat. In a six-week experiment, a total of 192 day-old broiler chicks were subjected to four dietary treatments that included, basal diet+ chlortetracycline; only basal diet without chlortetracycline and PFA; and basal diet + 1 or 2% PFA. Each treatment group included six replicates of eight birds per replicate. The results showed improved albumin and cholesterol in serum of birds fed 1% PFA. The meat of birds supplemented 1% PFA showed a significant reduction in drip loss after 1 and 4 days of storage. The lipid peroxidation of breast meat measured as malondialydehyde concentration was not altered by dietary treatments at different periods of storage. Feeding 1% PFA did not induce any toxic effects on liver, kidney and spleen histology. It was concluded that the PFA when used as a feed additive improved serum biochemistry and meat quality in broiler chickens.
Potential Role of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists in the Treatment of Cognitive Decline and Dementia in Diabetes Mellitus

Dementia is a permanent illness characterized by mental instability, memory loss, and cognitive decline. Many studies have demonstrated an association between diabetes and cognitive dysfunction that proceeds in three steps, namely, diabetes-associated cognitive decrements, mild cognitive impairment (MCI; both non-amnesic MCI and amnesic MCI), and dementia [both vascular dementia and Alzheimer’s disease (AD)]. Based on this association, this disease has been designated as type 3 diabetes mellitus. The underlying mechanisms comprise insulin resistance, inflammation, lipid abnormalities, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, glycated end-products and autophagy. Moreover, insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) have been demonstrated to be involved. Insulin in the brain has a neuroprotective role that alters cognitive skills and alteration of insulin signaling determines beta-amyloid (Aβ) accumulation, in turn promoting brain insulin resistance. In this complex mechanism, other triggers include hyperglycemia-induced overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammatory cytokines, which result in neuroinflammation, suggesting that antidiabetic drugs may be potential treatments to protect against AD. Among these, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are the most attractive antidiabetic drugs due to their actions on synaptic plasticity, cognition and cell survival. The present review summarizes the significant data concerning the underlying pathophysiological and pharmacological mechanisms between diabetes and dementia.
A Modern Approach of Discovering Friends in Social Networks Based on Friend Matching Graph

— SNS is a platform to build social networks or social relations among people based on their social graph It is not satisfied to user’s preference on friend selection in real life. Mean while in prosposed system,we recommend friend by used semantic-based (or)user based on their lifestyle. By taking merits of sensor-rich smartphones, Friend matching graph find out something life styles of people from user-centric sensor data, action to achieve something the similarity of life styles between users, and to advise someone to users if their life styles have most similarity. An extra ordinary quality by data mining, A user’s daily life documents are extracted by using the Hierarchical dirichlet algorithm . Past a certain point ,a similar metric to measure the similarity of life styles between users and enumerate the recommend user’s the action of one object coming forcibly into contact with another. When receiving a request ,It returns a list of social network user with highest recommendation scores to the query user. At last, Friend matching graph combine with another to form a whole the feedback mechanism to further improve the recommendation user accurate. We implemented on the Android-based smartphones, and its performance on both small-scale experiments and large-scale simulations. The results show that the recommendations defect reflect the preferences of users in choosing friends in social network.
Politically engaged but unwilling to protest: analyzing the role of authoritarian orientations and internet use on protest participation behavior

ABSTRACT Several studies have investigated the effects of internet use on protest participation behavior. However, fewer have explored how personal dispositions of individuals moderate the impact of the internet. This study explores the relationship between political engagement, internet use, authoritarian orientation, and protest participation in Hong Kong, Taiwan, Thailand, and Myanmar. First, analysis of fourth-wave of the Asian Barometer survey data suggests a political engagement-driven stratification in protest participation across all settings. Second, internet use is positively associated with protest participation but only in authoritarian states, and citizens’ authoritarian orientation reduces the likelihood of protest action. Third, high authoritarian orientation subdues the participatory benefits of internet use for politically engaged citizens. Overall, the study confirms that politically engaged citizens are more capable of exploiting the benefits offered by the internet. Still, authoritarianism can inhibit the mobilizing potentials presented by the internet. The theoretical importance of attitudinal factors in protest participation is discussed.
Factor Momentum and the Momentum Factor

Momentum in individual stock returns emanates from momentum in factor returns. Most factors are positively autocorrelated: the average factor earns a monthly return of 1 basis point following a year of losses and 53 basis points following a positive year. Factor momentum explains all forms of individual stock momentum. Stock momentum strategies indirectly time factors: they profit when the factors remain autocorrelated, and crash when these autocorrelations break down. Our key result is that momentum is not a distinct risk factor; it aggregates the autocorrelations found in all other factors.
Automatic Expression Attribution in Non-Standard Texts

Recognizing and attributing expressions from other authors in texts is an important task for the automatic analysis of scientiﬁc texts. Expressions are a more general type of utterance than quotations because they are not limited to what an author explicitly said or wrote, but can consist of references to any type of content expressed by an author. In this paper we describe an ongoing effort to detect expressions of an author in poetics, a genre of literary scholarly writing about poetry. Our method builds on shallow linguistic processing of texts and the availability of structured (linked) data. The method detects sentences containing such expressions and links the detected utterers to their entries in DBPedia. We report initial results showing that a simple technique that makes use of semantic knowledge can achieve reasonable performance for the detection of attributed expressions. The results of the detection are used to (i) highlight expressions, thus allowing for quicker browsing through large quantities of texts and (ii) link the utterers to their respective DBPedia entry, in turn enabling the creation of semantically enriched representations of the documents.