Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Poincare series for the algebras of joint invariants and covariants of $n$ quadratic forms

We consider one of the fundamental objects of classical invariant theory, namely the Poincaré series for an algebra of invariants of Lie group SL2. The first two terms of the Laurent series expansion of Poincaré series at the point z = 1 give us an important information about the structure of the algebra Id. It was derived by Hilbert for the algebra Id = C[Vd] SL2 of invariants for binary d−form (by Vd we denote the vector space over C consisting of all binary forms homogeneous of degree d). Springer got this result, using explicit formula for the Poincaré series of this algebra. We consider this problem for the algebra of joint invariants I2n=C[V2⊕V2⊕ · · · ⊕V2 } {{ } n times ]SL2 and the algebra
Effect of Cosolvent on the Vesicle Formation Pathways under Solvent Exchange Process: A Dissipative Particle Dynamics Simulation

The effective control over the vesicle formation pathways is vital for tuning its function. Recently, a liquid–liquid phase-separated intermediate (LLPS) is observed before a vesicular structure during the solvent exchange self-assembly of block copolymers. Though the understanding of polymer structures and chemical compositions on the competition between LLPS and micellization has made some progress, little is known about the role of cosolvent on it. In this study, the influence of cosolvent on the vesicle formation pathways is investigated by using dissipative particle dynamics. The results show that the range of water fraction within which the LLPS is favored will be highly dependent on the affinity difference of cosolvent to water and to polymer repeat units. The change of the cosolvent–water interaction and the water fraction impact the distribution of cosolvent in the polymer domain, the miscibility between the components in the system as well as the chain conformations, which finally induce different self-assembly behaviors. Our findings would be helpful for understanding the LLPS and controlling the morphologies of diblock polymers in solutions for further applications.
EmoSense: Revealing True Emotions Through Microgestures

Stress is a universally ubiquitous emotional state that takes place everywhere and microgestures (MGs) have been verified to indicate more accurate hidden emotions. However, only limited studies attempted to explore how MGs could reflect stress levels. Herein, EmoSense, an emerging technology for wearable systems containing a three‐layer stress detection mechanism, is proposed: 1) converting the MGs into digital signals; 2) training a machine learning‐based MG detection model; and 3) configuring the stress level based on the MG frequency. To detect the MGs, the swept frequency capacitive sensing technology to is adopted capture the MG signals and the random forest model to detect the MGs effectively is applied. 16 participants are recruited in the pilot study to verify the correlation between stress level and MG frequency. The experimental results further verify that stress level is highly related to other negative emotions that should be studied while handling high stress levels.
Choosing Classes In Conceptual

abstraction from instances and maximal abstraction . Abstraction from Instances. A class can bedefined only if there are instances in the relevantuniverse possessing all properties defining the class.Adherence to this principle supports the funda-mental meaning of concept —a specification of theproperties common to some instances. If noinstances from the relevant universe share a speci-fied set of properties, there is no “sameness” and noeconomy of representation. It would be cognitivelywasteful to store such a set of properties as a con-cept, as it tells us nothing about the relevant uni-verse.This principle is perhaps obvious for knowledgeacquisition methods that build up abstract descrip-tions from a given set of objects. However, it is lessobvious for methods based on inferring new cate-gories from existing ones [5, 12], as these methodsdo not use instances to identify candidate classes.Moreover, abstraction from instances does notappear as an explicit requirement in object-orienteddesign and semantic data modeling.
A Design of Quad-Element Dual-Band MIMO Antenna for 5G Application

A dual-band four-element MIMO antenna was designed and fabricated with enhanced isolation. The introduced antenna was fed by a coplanar waveguide (CPW) and consisted of four identical monopole antenna elements placed perpendicular to each other. A cross-shaped stub and orthogonal placement of four elements were introduced for high isolation. Modified ground structure was used for extending bandwidths. The measured results demonstrate that the introduced antenna has double bands (S11 < −10 dB) covering 3.28–4.15 GHz and 4.69–6.01 GHz, with fractional bandwidths of 23.4% and 24.7% and a high isolation S21, S31 better than 19 dB. The curves of the envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) and diversity gain (DG) were less than 0.0025 and higher than 9.999, respectively, indicating a low correlation between antenna elements. Furthermore, gain, efficiency, channel capacity loss (CCL), total active reflection coefficient (TARC) and mean effective gain (MEG) have all been investigated over the operating band to determine the antenna’s diversity performance. In accordance with the simulated and measured results, it confirms that the proposed antenna is appropriate for 5G applications.
Energy Consumption in Wireless Systems Equipped with RES, UAVs, and IRSs

This paper investigates energy budget characteristics of mobile base stations (BSs) having the form of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) equipped with radio frequency (RF) transceivers, intelligent reconﬁgurable surfaces (IRSs), and renewable energy sources (RES). The results obtained highlight the benefits and challenges related to using the aforementioned mobile BS, from the energy-related point of view. The specific cases researched involved two types of UAV devices, i.e. multirotor and ﬁxed-wing (airplane-like) aircraft.
Priming of radish seeds with plant elicitors like SA, MeJA, BABA and KNO3 improves seed quality, seedling quality and seed health

In the present experiment, radish seeds were subjected to priming treatment with different plant elicitors. There were 13 treatments with 4 plant elicitors and each of them was used as priming agents at 3 different concentrations viz . SA @ 25ppm, 50ppm and 75ppm, MeJA at 55 ppm, 110 ppm and 165 ppm, BABA at 250ppm, 500 ppm and 750ppm and KNO 3 at 1%, 2% and 3% and Untreated Control. The primed seeds were evaluated for seed quality, seedling quality and seed health parameters with paper towel method, blotter paper method and grow out test. The maximum germination (95.50%), SVI-I (2217.10) & SVI-II (1248.37) and other seed quality and seedling quality parameters were found significantly superior in potassium nitrate @ 2% which was observed at par when primed with salicylic acid @ 50ppm while priming with BABA @ 750 ppm and SA @ 75 ppm were most efficient in enhancing seed health by reducing infected seed percent, infected seedling percent and total seed mycoflora in radish seeds.
Effects of Nonlinear Thermal Radiation and Thermo-Diffusion on MHD Carreau Fluid Flow Past a Stretching Surface with Slip

The boundary layer flow of a heat transfer analysis on Carreau hydro magnetic fluid past a convectively nonlinear stretching surface analyzed. The nonlinear radiation, variable thermal conductivity and thermo diffusion effects are included in energy and species governing equations. The set of dimensionless integrated ordinary differential equations under the boundary restrictions obtained with the help of suitable similarity variable approach. The reduced governing flow equations with the boundary conditions are resolved numerically. Comparisons present results with existing literature and yields nice agreement . The description of results has been analyzed for the flow controlling embedded pertinent parameters by utilizing the plots and tables. It is revealed that energy distribution decays for enhancing values of variable thermal conductivity parameter whereas the opposite behavior to the thermal radiation parameter. The non-dimensional concentration boosts with the ascending values of Soret number.
Quantum polynomial functors from $e$-Hecke algebras

We define a new category of quantum polynomial functors extending the quantum polynomials introduced by Hong and Yacobi. We show that our category has many properties of the category of Hong and Yacobi and is the natural setting in which one can define composition of quantum polynomial functors. Throughout the paper we highlight several key differences between the theory of classical and quantum polynomial functors.
On rank two aCM bundles

ABSTRACT Let (F,𝒪F(1)) be a smooth polarized projective variety of dimension n. In the present paper, we prove some easy results on aCM bundles of rank 2 on F, i.e., locally free sheaves ℰ of rank 2 on F such that hi(F,ℰ(t)) = 0, for i = 1,…,n−1 and t∈ℤ. We obtain some results in the case of a very ample polarization when n≥5. We apply these results in order to deal with bundles on non-degenerate complete intersection with degree up to 9. A complete description is given for the complete intersections of two quadrics when n≥4.
Robust residual‐ and recovery‐based a posteriori error estimators for a multipoint flux mixed finite element discretization of interface problems

We consider a posteriori error estimation for a multipoint flux mixed finite element method for two‐dimensional elliptic interface problems. Within the class of modified quasi‐monotonically distributed coefficients, we derive a residual‐type a posteriori error estimator of the weighted sum of the scalar and flux errors which is robust with respect to the jumps of the coefficients. Moreover, we develop robust implicit and explicit recovery‐type estimators through gradient recovery in an H(curl)‐conforming finite element space. In particular, we apply a modified L2 projection in the implicit recovery procedure so as to reduce the computational cost of the recovered gradient. Numerical experiments confirm the theoretical results.
Effect of Insulated Up and Down Lid Motion on the Heat Transfer of a Lid-Driven Cavity with an attached fin

This study investigates the effect of lid motion on the optimal characteristics a thin rectangular fin attached on the hot wall of a square lid-driven cavity with active vertical walls. The optimal fin position is studied for Richardson numbers of 0.1-10. The effect of mounting a rectangular fin with a thermal conductivity of 1 and 1000 on minimization and maximization of heat transfer through such cavity is explored. Mixed convection equations are solved using the control volume method with the help of the SIMPLER algorithm. The Particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to determine the fin characteristics that minimizes or maximizes the heat transfer to the cold wall. The results show that optimal fin length and position is influenced by the position of the lid driven on the top or bottom of the cavity as well as lid velocity direction. The greatest reduction and increase in the Nusselt number are related to Richardson number of 0.1 with the bottom lid moving in the negative direction and Richardson number of 10 with the bottom lid moving in the positive direction, respectively.
Structures and Deduction - the Quest for the Essence of Proofs

This paper shows how derivations in (a variation of) SKS can be translated into proof nets. Since an SKS derivation contains more information about a proof than the corresponding proof net, we observe a loss of information which can be understood as “eliminating bureaucracy”. Technically this is achieved by cut reduction on proof nets. As an intermediate step between the two extremes, SKS derivations and proof nets, we will see nets representing derivations in “Formalism A”.
Decoupled Independent Vector Analysis Algorithm for Convolutive Blind Source Separation without Orthogonality Constraint on the Demixing Matrices

In this paper, we consider the problem of convolutive blind source separation in frequency domain and introduce a solution to the problem in an independent vector analysis (IVA) framework. IVA utilizes both the statistical independence of different sources in each frequency bin and the statistical dependence of the same source in different frequency bins. However, most of previous works impose orthogonality constraint on the rows of each separation matrix which may undermine the separation performance. In this work, we propose a nonorthogonal IVA algorithm based on decoupled relative Newton method. This proposed algorithm updates the separation matrices row by row, and unlike deflation separation algorithm, there is no separation error accumulation arising. Simulation results are provided to show the superior convergence behavior and separation performance of the proposed algorithm.
Wardrop equilibria and relaxation oscillations in queuing systems

We analyze delay based routing in parallel queues wherein packets are routed to the queue(s) with the least estimated delay. We argue that the average queue occupancy converges to a Wardrop equilibrium profile , but the instantaneous profile may show either convergence or relaxation oscillations depending on the traffic. The analysis uses concepts and results from dynamical systems theory applied to limiting differential equations for the averaging iterations.
Cultural intelligence as a predictor of organizational outcome

Since its introduction less than two decades ago, cultural intelligence (CQ) has emerged as a new field of research against the backdrop of globalization to advance our understanding of the required capabilities for individuals and firms to function effectively in contexts characterized by cultural complexity. Despite its recognition as an independent factor within a multi-loci framework of intelligences influencing individual and organizational outcomes, CQ’s nature and conceptualization on the three levels of analysis currently identified are still ambiguous. Consequently, CQ’s associations with proposed outcomes are also undertheorized. Upon a review of the literature, this paper will advance three main arguments, First, aside from the original individual level, clarification is required for CQ on the team and firm levels as to whether it is a collective manifestation of individual CQ or something entirely different. Second, organizational outcomes related to CQ have not been fully imagined, particularly in the contexts of transformations of organizational structures and leadership configurations in the modern economy. Third, the current theoretical framework and future research agenda can be enriched by adding an ethical dimension and a meta-firm level of analysis.
DEMOCRATIC MANAGEMENT STYLE AND STUDENTS’ UNREST IN PUBLIC BOYS BOARDING SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN BUNGOMA COUNTY, KENYA

This study sought to find out the influence of democratic management style on students’ unrest in public boys boarding secondary schools in Bungoma County, Kenya. The study was guided by the style and behavior theory. The survey was descriptive in nature. The target population was made up of 9,993 persons comprising of 396 teachers, 9575 students and 22 Principals from 22 public boys boarding secondary schools in Bungoma County. Using Krejcie and Morgan (1970) table for determining sample sizes, the target population gave a sample size of 373 respondents. The study utilized two questionnaires i.e. for teachers and students, and interview schedules, for Principals, to collect data. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were used to analyse data, which was later presented in tables. Qualitative data from the Principals was analysed using the theme under study and presented in a narrative form. The study established that democratic management style had an effect on students’ unrest in public boys’ boarding schools in Bungoma County. The model coefficient was found to be positive, indicating that democratic management style had a favorable effect on student unrest. Thus the findings showed democratic management style (β = .201, p <.05) had significant effect on student unrest. Therefore principals should consider involving students in decision-making, providing opportunities for student voice and input on decisions made, and establishing clear channels of communication. Principals should foster open communication, provide opportunities for student input, and create a culture of shared decision-making.
Galerkin projection of discrete fields via supermesh construction

Interpolation of discrete elds arises frequently in computational physics. This thesis focuses on the novel implementation and analysis of Galerkin projection, an interpolation technique with three principal advantages over its competitors: it is optimally accurate in the L2 norm, it is conservative, and it is well-de ned in the case of spaces of discontinuous functions. While these desirable properties have been known for some time, the implementation of Galerkin projection is challenging; this thesis reports the rst successful general implementation. A thorough review of the history, development and current frontiers of adaptive remeshing is given. Adaptive remeshing is the primary motivation for the development of Galerkin projection, as its use necessitates the interpolation of discrete elds. The Galerkin projection is discussed and the geometric concept necessary for its implementation, the supermesh, is introduced. The e cient local construction of the supermesh of two meshes by the intersection of the elements of the input meshes is then described. Next, the element-element association problem of identifying which elements from the input meshes intersect is analysed. With e cient algorithms for its construction in hand, applications of supermeshing other than Galerkin projections are discussed, focusing on the computation of diagnostics of simulations which employ adaptive remeshing. Examples demonstrating the effectiveness and e ciency of the presented algorithms are given throughout. The thesis closes with some conclusions and possibilities for future work.
A Segmentation Model Combining Local and Global Energy Based on Local Entropy

Image segmentation based partial differential equation is very popular in image analysis and computer vision. This article presents a geometric active contour model based on local entropy for segmentation. In the proposed method, energy functional item of this model contains local energy and global energy items, and uses local entropy of each point on the contour line to determine the proportion of each kind of energy. The combined method allows the contour for the rapid evolution and convergence to the final edge after iterations. Experiment results on both synthetic and real images demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of this model.
The Role of Low-Dose Oral Methotrexate in Increasing Anti-TNF Drug Levels and Reducing Immunogenicity in IBD

Concomitant immunomodulation is utilised in combination with anti-TNF therapy for IBD primarily to increase drug levels and prevent anti-drug antibody formation. Whilst thiopurines have traditionally been the immunomodulator of choice in IBD populations, there are concerns regarding the long-term safety of the prolonged use of these agents: particularly an association with lymphoproliferative disorders. Given this, we have explored the existing literature on the use of low-dose oral methotrexate as an alternative immunomodulator for this indication. Although there is a lack of data directly comparing the efficacies of methotrexate and thiopurines as concomitant immunomodulators, the available literature supports the use of methotrexate in improving the pharmacokinetics of anti-TNF agents. Furthermore, low-dose oral methotrexate regimens appear to have comparable efficacies to higher-dose parenteral administration and are better tolerated. We suggest that clinicians should consider the use of low-dose oral methotrexate as an alternative to thiopurines when the primary purpose of concomitant immunomodulation is to improve anti-TNF pharmacokinetics.
On (acyclic) proper orientations and the cartesian product

Given an orientation D of the edges of a simple graph G, the indegree of a vertex v ∈ V(G), dD(v), is the number of arcs with head in v. Such orientation induces a coloring φ(v) = dD(v) + 1 of G. We say that D is a proper k-orientation if φ is a proper (k + 1)-coloring of G. The proper orientation number of G, denoted by X(G), is the least positive integer k such that G admits a proper k-orientation. We study a variation of this problem where we consider the orientation D to be acyclic. To the best of our knowledge this is the first article considering this variation. Furthermore, we also study the parameter X for graphs obtained by the cartesian product of graphs, introducing the concept of discordant set of proper orientations, that is a set where in different orientations, the same vertex has different indegrees.
Implementasi Strategi Cooperative Learning Dalam Membentuk Keterampilan Berfikir Peserta Didik

Tujuan Penelitian: Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengimplementasi strategi cooperative learning dalam bentuk keterampilan berfikir peserta didik. Metodologi: Metode penelitian ini menggunakan kualitatif deskriptif, instrumennya adalah orang atau human instrument, Lokasi penelitian ini adalah di Madrasah Aliyah Al-Ikhsan Beji Kedungbanteng Banyumas. Temuan Utama: Strategi cooperative learning yang dilaksanakan di MA Al-IKhsan Beji Kedungbanteng banyumas, sudah bervariatif dan sudah sesuai dengan tujuan yang hendak dicapai, walaupun dalam beberapa model pelaksanaannya belum sempurna. Strategi cooperative learning sangat efektif diterapkan dalam pembelajaran Rumpun Pendidikan Agama Islam . Hal ini dapat dilihat dari tercapainya tujuan pembelajaran serta keaktifan siswa dalam mengikuti proses belajar mengajar. Keterbaruan/Keaslian dari Penelitian: Keterabaruan penelitian ini yaitu tentang strategi cooperative learning yang berbentuk keterampilan berfikir peserta didik.
Modeling growth rates and anomalies of financing, investment and dividend decisions

Abstract As far as uncertainty is prevalent, financial anomalies increase the complexity of financial decisions. The possible consequence of an anomaly is either an over or underreaction. This paper suggests that the use of mathematical programming can lessen the degree of complexity when planning for financing, investment and dividend decisions. The authors develop a comprehensive form of the External Financing Needed model in order to show the generic and combined relationship among the three financial decisions. The comprehensive model shows nonlinear relationships between the three financial decisions. The paper uses a simulated numerical example to illustrate how financial objective functions (e.g. targets) can be set out under certain constraints. The latter serve as a remedy for financial anomalies. The results show that financing, investment and dividend decisions can be made optimally to serve having consistent financial statements.