Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Enterocolitis necrosante

La enterocolitis necrosante neonatal (ENN) es la patología digestiva adquirida más frecuente y grave en el período neonatal. A pesar de ser una entidad conocida desde hace más de 100 años, su etiología sigue siendo desconocida, lo que hace muy difícil su prevención. La isquemia, el hipercrecimiento bacteriano y la respuesta inflamatoria sistémica intervienen de forma preponderante en el desarrollo del proceso, en proporción que quizás difiere de unos casos a otros. El resultado final, común en todos ellos, es la necrosis del intestino, con o sin perforación. El tratamiento, sobre todo en casos avanzados de la enfermedad, sigue generando controversias, y la morbimortalidad es alta a pesar de los avances en el tratamiento del cuidado intensivo del recién nacido. La ENN constituye, junto con la prematuridad y el distres respiratorio, una de las causas más importantes de estancias hospitalarias muy prolongadas.
Understanding and mapping Large City Scapes: metrdological approaches between sociology and urban architecture

The paper discusses the modern challenges in the agency of mapping large city scapes. It argues for the current need for an integration of different methods and approaches: some new and some developed from the work of Kevin Lynch, Gordon Cullen and from Robert Venturi, Denise Scott Brown & Steven Izenour. The text will briefly go through these methods developed in the late 1950s and early 1960s, and it will investigate the mapping methods in order to pick up terms and approaches, which are useful even today.
Application of transcranial alternating current stimulation to improve eSports-related cognitive performance

Introduction Electronic Sports (eSports) is a popular and still emerging sport. Multiplayer Online Battle Arena (MOBA) and First/Third Person Shooting Games (FPS/TPS) require excellent visual attention abilities. Visual attention involves specific frontal and parietal areas, and is associated with alpha coherence. Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) is a principally suitable tool to improve cognitive functions by modulation of regional oscillatory cortical networks that alters regional and larger network connectivity. Methods In this single-blinded crossover study, 27 healthy college students were recruited and exposed to 10 Hz tACS of the right frontoparietal network. Subjects conducted a Visual Spatial Attention Distraction task in three phases: T0 (pre-stimulation), T1 (during stimulation), T2 (after-stimulation), and an eSports performance task which contained three games (“Exact Aiming,” “Flick Aiming,” “Press Reaction”) before and after stimulation. Results The results showed performance improvements in the “Exact Aiming” task and hint for a prevention of reaction time performance decline in the “Press Reaction” task in the real, as compared to the sham stimulation group. We also found a significant decrease of reaction time in the visual spatial attention distraction task at T1 compared to T0 in the real, but not sham intervention group. However, accuracy and inverse efficiency scores (IES) did not differ between intervention groups in this task. Discussion These results suggest that 10 Hz tACS over the right frontal and parietal cortex might improve eSports-related skill performance in specific tasks, and also improve visual attention in healthy students during stimulation. This tACS protocol is a potential tool to modulate neurocognitive performance involving tracking targets, and might be a foundation for the development of a new concept to enhance eSports performance. This will require however proof in real life scenarios, as well optimization.
Phytoplankton composition, biodiversity and a pilot survey of toxic cyanoprokaryotes in a large cascading reservoir system (Tietê basin, Brazil)

Eutrophication has been one of the most apparent threats to surface waters throughout the world. lt has become an acute problem in many tropical countries. Demographic growth and social problems have created unplanned and huge cities without sanitation facilities and expanding industria! parks with ineffective environmental protection laws which, among many other factors, have contributed to the degradation of almost all available fresh water (RocHA et al. 1997). Starting at the upper-middle Tietê river just before its entrance into the Paraná river (SE Brazíl), the reservoirs of Barra Bonita, Bariri, Ibitinga, Promissão, Nova Avanhandava, Três lrmãos, Jupiá and Ilha Solteira form a linked cascade of large (>l 00 km'' except Bariri) and moscly shallow man-made lakes (8-40 m depth) built from the late 1960s to deal mainly with the rapidly growing energy demand of this region. This region possesses the highest demographic density in the country, and includes, in the State of São Paulo alone, 2,300 industries demanding 113 m s·' of water. This amount is further increased by irrigation to supply an ever-expanding agriculture industry catcle-raising (AGOSTINHO et al. 1995) and also to cater for other uses such as flood regulations, navigation, recreation, and water supply. As a consequence o f inadequate soil management, heavy use of agricultural chemicals and elimination of considerable areas of natural vegetation, there has been an increasing degradation of rhe waters with still unknown consequences on the natural resources. These reservoirs receive considerable loads of nutrients mainly due to discharges of untreated sewage and industria! effiuents, amounting to 25 m s·' (TUNDISI et al. 1993). Despite exhibiting secondary thermoclines and potentially being able to stratify during summers depending on their depths, permanent stratification is unlikely to occur. This is mainly due to operational routines (flushing out) associated with wind action, and is facilitated by relative shallowness and a laek of wind barriers along their shores. Most of these reservoirs were characterised as polymictic (TUNDISI 1990). The aim of this study was to assess phytoplankton biomass and biodiversity changes along the reservoirs. Barra Bonita, the first of this reservoir cascade, is one of the aquatic systems in Brazíl which have been thoroughly studied recencly. lt is characterised as polymictic, and is in an advanced state of eutrophication (ÜLIVEIRA 1997). Litcle information was available abou t the phytoplankton of the other reservoirs. Until the early 1990s, phytoplankton of the Barra Bonita Reservoir had been repeatedly reported as being dominated by cryptophytes, green algae and diatoms (HENRY et al. 1985, ÜLIVEIRA 1997). More recently, proliferation of cyanobacteria was observed nor only in this reservoir but also in some others downstream. For this reason, a preliminary survey of actual and potential cyanotoxicity was also carried ou t.
Groundwater Level Declination in Bangladesh: System Dynamics Approach to Solve Irrigation Water Demand During Boro Season

Groundwater has been declining in Bangladesh since introduction of deep tube wells (DTWs) and shallow tube wells (STWs) in late 1970s. Seasonal variation of groundwater has been shifted upto 4 meters during last 33 years. During Boro seasons groundwater table dropped drastically than other seasons. This study hypothesized that groundwater extraction is much higher than the natural recharge plus percolated irrigated water. Farmer´s perception is that if they dig deeper the supply would not be a problem, which led uncontrolled use of shallow tube wells (STWs) to extract water from lowered zones. This study selected an area that is 20 km away from Dhaka city having intensive Boro production. Analyzing the interview data (to know about the practices by farmers at present and before) and Bangladesh Water Development Board groundwater table data, we tried to simulate the problematic scenario with the help of simulation software called iThink. To address the problem 3 different policies have been investigated to achieve sustainable solution of the problem. The chosen policies were - <br><br>(1) Harnessing only groundwater; <br><br>(2) Alternative cropping; and <br><br>(3) Depending more to surface water. <br><br>The simulation results show that alternative cropping and going for surface water could solve the problem as well as able to restore the groundwater to its previous condition. But moving to surface water is a passive solution independent to farmers´ decision. Alternative cropping through proper knowledge transfer mechanism is more sustainable solution considering present and future water crises.
Experimental and numerical analyses of wedge effects on the rooster tail and porpoising phenomenon of a high-speed planing craft in calm water

This paper presents experimental and numerical investigation of stability and rooster tail of a mono-hull high-speed planing craft with a constant deadrise angle. Initially, a one-fifth scale model was tested in a towing tank, which showed porpoising phenomenon at 8 m/s (equal to the speed of sailing). Subsequently, two wedges of 5 and 10 mm heights, based on the boundary layer calculations, were mounted on the aft section of the planing hull. These wedges were shown to increase the lift at the aft section. These experiments were carried out at different speeds up to 10 m/s in calm water. The experimental results indicated that the installed wedges reduced the trim, drag, and the elapsed time for reaching the hump peak, and also eliminated the porpoising condition. All these test cases were also numerically simulated using Star CCM+ software. The free surface was modeled using the volume of fluid scheme in three-dimensional space. The examined planing craft had two degrees of freedom, and overset mesh technique was used for space discretization. The obtained numerical results were compared with experimental data and good agreement was displayed in the presented comparisons. Ultimately, the effect of the wedge on the rooster tail behind the planing craft was studied. The results of this investigation showed that by decreasing the trim at a constant speed, the height of the generated wake profile (rooster tail) behind the craft decreases, albeit its length increases.
Modeling seasonal hydrologic response to forest harvesting and road construction, the role of drainage organization

This study addresses several challenges in the application of hydro-ecological models as tools for studyinp the spatially distributed pattern of soi[ moisture and runoff production in thc contest of land use change. This research is comprised of two components: a ) The dcvclopment and assessment o f a methodology used to model hillslope drainage organization at thc small basin scale and b ) application of this methodology for assessing torest hawesting and road construction effêcts on hydrologic response. T h i s investigation focuses specifically on the Paciflc Northwest region where the impact of tbrcst harvesting on hydrologic responsc is an important and controversial issue. This work prcscnts rnoditications to the Regional I-lydro-Ecological Simulation System (RHESSys) niodcling iiamework and discusscs specific issues related to modeling landscape drainage organimtion in hydro-ecological models. Within RHESSys. tradeoffs between using a spatiallp csplicit routing approach versus a less detailcd statistical approach to modeling d istri butcd hydrology are explored. Rcsults frorn this study i llustrate the limitations o f using a statistical approach in modeling drainage organization and thc scnsitivity ot-both routing rmthods to caiibration and errors in topographic and soi1 input data. Ditt'crent strategies for landscapc répresentation are also conipared. Results higlilight tlie significant role played by ! ne scale topographic variability in areas adjacent to streams. and the importance o f these local arcas in controlling watershed l~ydrologic responsc. Application of the RI-IESSys modcling tool is fùrthcr dcvclopcd by incorporating a conccptual model o f forcst harvcsting and road construction cllècts o n hydrology Coniparing simulations with observed streamtlow for a study catchmcnt in the Pacitic Nort hwest provides an illustration of tbrest harvesting and road construction e ffects on hydro logic responsc. The mode1 il lustrates how the eff'ects ofthese disturbances arc dcpendcnt upon road construction characteristics and the spatial distribution o f vegetation and its water use. Road construction chamctcristics include both culvert drainage topology and the position of the road relative to hillslope drainage organization. Etfècts on downslope soi1 moisture and the spatial and temporal dynamics of seasonal ninoff production illustrate the potcntial ecological significance o f difTermt disturbance scenarios.
Underwater Simulators Analysis for Digital Twinning

The underwater environment is among Earth’s most challenging domains, where failures incur elevated risks and costs for both technology and human endeavors. As a consequence, forecasting the behavior of mechatronic systems through simulation has become increasingly important. Underwater Robotic Simulators (URSs) allow researchers and engineers to safely develop and assess submarine systems. The selection of an appropriate URS from the list of available tools is not trivial. Moreover, the integration of this software with the Digital Twin (DT) concept presents numerous advantages, particularly the ability to link the simulated environment with actual underwater vehicles. This connection is facilitated by performing validation and simulation tests using Software In the Loop (SIL), Model In the Loop, and Hardware In the Loop (HIL) techniques. This paper extensively reviews URSs in the context of both robots and unmanned vehicles in light of the DT paradigm. The article critically examines distinctions among existing URSs, offering valuable insights to aid researchers in selecting the most fitting tool for their specific applications. Additionally, the review explores the practical applications of the identified simulators, categorizing their usage across different fields to illuminate the preferences within the scientific community and showcase prominent case studies.
Creating a Practical Education in Space Cybersecurity Through Antenna Design and Implementation

With the increasing concerns over cybersecurity and space systems preparing the next generation of cybersecurity professionals is critical. In this research, undergraduate and graduate students were exposed to cybersecurity and space systems through practical antenna design and implementation in hopes of capturing pirate communication signals while in the Western Kentucky area. Students designed and built turnstile and helical antennas that focused on the 255 MHz and 318 MHz frequencies that interfaced with software-defined radios. With these systems, students were able to capture a limited range of low earth orbiting (LEO) satellite communications while ascertaining an understanding of satellite communication fundamentals. Overall, students were able to gain an understanding of antenna design, the importance of radio frequency, and satellite communications.
Distribución potencial de Pinus cembroides, Pinus nelsonii y Pinus culminicola en el Noreste de México

El clima del mundo esta cambiando de forma signicativa en los ultimos anos y con ello la distribucion de las especies. El objetivo del estudio fue generar modelos de distribucion potencial de las especies de pinos pinoneros Pinus cembroides, P. culminicola y P. nelsonii del noroeste de Mexico. Para establecer el modelo mas preciso, se usaron dos escenarios: a) con 19 variables bioclimaticas Worldclim, y b) con las mismas variables mas las variables topogracas de altitud, pendiente y exposicion. Se modelo con registros REMIB CONABIO, un total de 208, 89 y 67 registros para cada especie con ajuste logistico y 500 iteraciones. Se realizo la prueba de Jacknife para establecer el porcentaje de participacion de las variables en el modelo. Los resultados muestran que ambos escenarios predicen de forma adecuada la distribucion potencial de las especies estudiadas. De acuerdo al valor AUC, los ajustes del modelo son mejores para las especies de distribucion restringida con 0.999 para P. nelsonii y P. culminicola y de 0.998 para P. cembroides , integrando el modelo la altitud, la temperatura minima y la pendiente, con contribucion promedio de 18.6, 16.6 y 32.8% cada variable. La distribucion potencial de P. cembroides puede ampliarse en el noreste de Mexico, debido a que el modelo integro de forma signicativa variables de temperatura maxima y discrimino aquellas derivadasde la precipitacion.
Phytoremediation Performance of Syngonium sp. for Selected Heavy Metal Contaminated Water by Hydroponic Method

Many industrial activities have contributed in heavy metal accumulation in water bodies. These metals are considered as major pollutant of water ecosystem due to its toxic nature which can lead to environmental problems. In the aquatic ecosystem heavy metals are absorbed, deposited and accumulated in plant and animal bodies and subsequently infect the ecological food chains and leads to biomagnification. There is a need for a reliable and cost-effective method of cleaning the water environment. Phytoremediation is referring to the use of plants and microbes to reduce the concentrations of heavy metals or toxic contaminants. Contaminants such as metals, pesticides etc. have been mitigated in plant parts as many plants having hyperaccumulating capacities. In the present investigation Syngonium (ornamental plant) was used as a phytoremediation agent using hydroponic system. Syngonium shows 100% survival rate in each treatment at a different concentration (10 to 100 ppm) and shows no adverse symptoms during growth. After thirty days of treatment, it is observed that, copper was removed most often (96%) followed by mercury (60%) and cobalt (36%), while manganese was the least frequently removed (14%). In 100 ppm treatment the root of Syngonium showed the highest absorption rate of Hg (96.3%). In 50 ppm treatment with Mn the highest Mn accumulation (75.2%) was registered in the root. While, in 100 ppm treatment only 8.9% of Co has been accumulated in the roots. The higher concentration of Cu (28.4%) was found in leaves treated with 100 ppm, while lowest concentration of Hg (1.5%) registered in the
Relationship between Target Time above Minimum Inhibitory Concentration Achievement Rate of Meropenem Using Monte Carlo Simulation and In-Hospital Survival in Patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bacteremia

Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia is associated with a high mortality rate, and meropenem (MEPM) is commonly used to treat it. However, the relationship between the time above the minimum inhibitory concentration (fT>MIC) of MEPM and its therapeutic efficacy in P. aeruginosa bacteremia has not been explored. This study aimed to investigate this relationship by defining the target % fT>MIC of MEPM as 75%. The retrospective study spanned 14 years and included hospitalized patients treated with MEPM for P. aeruginosa bacteremia. Monte Carlo simulation was used to calculate the probability of target attainment (PTA) for each patient, and the threshold for a PTA of 75% fT>MIC associated with in-hospital survival was determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The ROC curve-derived PTA associated with improved in-hospital survival was 65.0%, a significant finding in multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for patient background factors (odds ratio: 20.49, 95% confidence interval: 3.02–245.23, p = 0.005). This result suggests a dosing regimen that achieves a PTA of at least 65% when the target fT>MIC of MEPM for treating P. aeruginosa bacteremia is defined as 75%.
Location determination of ecologically vulnerable regions in China

Ecologically vulnerable regions in China are not only the most serious areas of environmental degradation, but also the most poverty-stricken regions. However, these regions are still undefined. Three typical factors including land desertification, soil erosion and rocky desertification were selected to establish an evaluation model of eco-environmental sensitivity by using Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Infor- mation System (GIS) technology. We conducted a comprehensive research on eco-environmental sensitivity to reveal its spatial features in a quantitative way in China, and redefine the location of ecologically vulner- able regions integrated with the existing relevant government documents and the previous research. Results are demonstrated as follows: the extremely sensitive areas are distributed in northwestern, southwestern, southeastern parts of China and loess hilly regions; the highly sensitive areas are located in the Altai Moun- tains, the Tianshan Mountains, the southern part of Yinshan Mountains, the Horqin Sandy Land, the Hulun Buir Sandy Land, the western part of Chang Tang Plateau, the Hengduan Mountains and the hilly mountains regions in Southeast China. A total of 18 ecological vulnerable regions in China were defined, comprising a total area of 2.4 million km 2 . The name, type, area, spatial distribution and the main ecological problems of each region were characterized. The spatial distribution map of ecologically vulnerable regions in China can be used as a base map for the redline delimitation of national ecological protection.
Development and evaluation of a time-resolved fluorescence labelled immunochromatographic strip assay for rapid and quantitative detection of bovine herpesvirus 1

Bovine herpes virus 1 (BoHV-1) causes a wide variety of diseases in wild and domestic cattle. The most widely used method for viral identification is real-time PCR, which can only be performed in laboratories using sophisticated instruments by expert personnel. Herein, we developed an ultrasensitive time-resolved fluorescence lateral flow immunochromatographic strip (ICS) assay for detecting BoHV-1 in bovine samples using a monoclonal antibody against BoHV-1 labelled with fluorescent microspheres, which can be applied in any setting. The intact process from sample collection to final result can be achieved in 15 min. The limit of detection of the assay for BoHV-1 was 102 TCID50/100 μL. The coincidence rate of the ICS method and real-time PCR recommended by the World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH) was 100% for negative, 92.30% for positive, and 95.42% for total, as evaluated by the detection of 131 clinical samples. This detection method was specifically targeted to BoHV-1, not exhibiting cross-reactivity with other bovine pathogens including BoHV-5. We developed an ICS assay equipped with a portable instrument that offers a sensitive and specific platform for the rapid and reliable detection of BoHV-1 in the field. The Point-of-Care test of BoHV-1 is suitable for the screening and surveillance of BoHV-1 in dairy herds.
Scientific Research Trends of Flooding Stress in Plant Science and Agriculture Subject Areas (1962-2021)

Data collection was gathered from PubMed, Google Scholar, Semantic Scholar, and Crossref in Harzing”s Publish or Perish software. The keyword used in this study was "Flooding Stress" with the publication year of the 1962-2021 articles. Results showed that PubMed retrieves more relevant manuscripts from journal sources than other databases. The search method by whole years was the most effective and efficient if the total manuscripts are less than 1000. Flooding stress-related manuscripts were published continuously from 1994 to 2021 with Annals of Botany as the most productive journal. A combination of “Flooding Stress” with related keywords, e.g., submergence stress, anaerobic stress, and oxidative stress, improves the relevancy of the manuscript results. VOSviewer keyword analysis found that there were 5 clusters discussing oxidative stress, tolerant mechanism, physiological mechanism, flood occurrence, and molecular mechanism. Based on the density visualizations, the anaerobic metabolism, mRNA expression level, SOD, fv/fm, leaf gas exchange, ABA biosynthesis, and halophyte lead to potential topics of flooding stress research to be studied in the future.