Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Parental Leave as a Potential Demographic Policy Instrument in Russia: Mixed-Methods Research

In many countries, parental leave is an effective demographic policy measure. Its regulation is considered an important determinant of the birth rate. In Russia, the parental leave system is not flexible; however, the legislation provides for one of the longest parental leave in the world—36 months. According to a popular stereotype in Russia, as parental leave is longer than in other countries, there is no need to debate its effectiveness. This very reason may explain a lack of parental leave research in Russia. Our paper aims to demonstrate how mixed-methods research can be applied to study parental leave in Russia. In 2021, to analyse the problem in the Sverdlovsk Region (one of the largest), we did the following: 1) surveyed 500 parents with both children under the age of 12 and currently living parents (i.e., grandparents); 2) surveyed 500 grandparents with grandchildren under the age of 12. In both surveys, we used river sample. To increase the randomicity of the sample, we recruited respondents using multiple channels and sampled them with equal probability into the population analysed; 3) conducted focus groups with parents having both children under the age of 12 and currently living parents and with grandparents having grandchildren under the age of 12. Our mixed-methods research yielded the following results. The parents surveyed view mothers as primary leave-takers. They also refer to grandmothers (most often, maternal ones) and fathers as potential leave-takers. Grandparents’ opinions on leave-takers are also diverse; their responses vary as much as parents’ ones. However, they are more restraint in terms of their own role as potential leave-takers. As focus groups revealed, “if a need arises”, parents are willing to delegate the right for parental leave to grandparents, who agree to take it. Our methodology is based on the mixed-methods research strategy. It allowed us to identify social attitudes towards the existing parental leave system in Russia and to draw attention to its transformation. The results may be of use when developing new mechanisms for the Russian state demographic policy.
DETERMINATION OF PLANETARY BOUNDARY LAYER HEIGHTS IN THE FOREST AMAZON USING A CEILOMETER

This study aimed to determine the average maximum height of the planetary boundary layer (PBL) through data obtained by ceilometer in the Amazon rainforest region. Used data used are from the GoAmazon Project located next to the Manacapuru municipality in the state of Amazon. Data obtained by the ceilometer for PBL height to 45 days of being analyzed rainy season (IOP1) and 45 days of drought station (IOP2) both in the year 2014. It was found that the ceilometer presented data consistent with that expected for the region. The maximum recorded were 1.245 (IOP1) and 1.685 (IOP2), it was observed that the erosion of the CLN was slower in IOP1. While the transition from CLC for CLN was longer in IOP2. ), it was observed that the erosion of the CLN was slower in IOP1. While the transition from CLC for CLN was longer in IOP2.
Smallholder Productivity and Weather Shocks: Adoption and Impact of Widely Promoted Agricultural Practices in Tanzania

Food security in Tanzania is projected to deteriorate as a result of climate change. In spite of the efforts to promote agricultural practices to improve productivity and food security, adoption rates of such practices remain low. Developing a thorough understanding of the determinants of adoption and updating our understanding of the impacts of these technologies under the site-specific effects of climate change are crucial to improve food security. This paper addresses these issues by using a novel data set that combines information from two large-scale household surveys with geo-referenced historical rainfall and temperature data in order to understand the determinants of the adoption of a set of agricultural practices and their impacts on maize productivity under weather shocks in Tanzania. The specific practices analyzed are: maize-legume intercropping, soil and water conservation practices (SWC), the use of organic fertilizers, inorganic fertilizers and high yielding maize varieties. We find strong complementarities between these practices both in terms of adoption and yield impacts. Long-run variability in rainfall decreases the adoption of fertilizers (both organic and inorganic) and increases that of improved seeds. Access to information and extension increase the incentives to adopt modern inputs as well as SWC. Farmers in areas where the cropping season’s rainfall has been highly variable and temperature has been unexpectedly high have significantly lower maize yields. SWC emerges as one of the most important practices in increasing yields with significant benefits by itself, in combination with other practices, under average weather conditions as well as under rainfall and temperature shocks. The shocks we analyze are expected to increase under climate change, underlining the importance of policies to buffer food security from the estimated effects of climate change. This paper contributes to evidence base to support policies to advance food security under climate change by underlining the importance of integrating site-specific analyses of climatic variables and their interactions with promoted practices in policy design and targeting.
Sequence architecture and depositional evolution of the northern continental slope of the South China Sea: responses to tectonic processes and changes in sea level

The continental slopes of the South China Sea (SCS), the largest marginal sea on the continental shelf of Southeast Asia, are among the most significant shelf‐margin basins in the world because of their abundant petroleum resources and a developmental history related to sea floor spreading since Late Oligocene time. Based on integrated analyses of seismic, well‐logging and core data, we systematically document the sequence architecture and depositional evolution of the northern continental slope of the SCS and reveal its responses to tectonism, sea‐level change and sediment supply. The infill of this shelf‐margin basin can be divided into seven composite sequences (CS1–CS7) that are bounded by regional unconformities. Composite sequences CS3 to CS7 have formed since Late Oligocene time, and each of them generally reflects a regional transgressive–regressive cycle. These large cycles can be further divided into 20 sequences that are defined by local unconformities or transgressive–regressive boundaries. Depositional–geomorphological systems represented on the continental slope mainly include shelf‐edge deltas, prodelta‐slope fans, clinoforms of the shelf‐margin slope, unidirectionally migrating slope channels, incised slope valleys, muddy slope fans, slope slump‐debris‐flow complexes and large‐scale soft‐sediment deformation of bedding. Changing sea levels, reflected by evidence from sequence architecture in the study area, are generally comparable with those of the Haq (1987) global sea level curve, whereas the regional transgressions and regressions were apparently controlled by tectonic uplift and subsidence. Composite sequences CS3 and CS4 formed from Late Oligocene to Middle Miocene time and represent continental‐slope deposition during a time of northwest‐northeast seafloor spreading and subsequent development of sub‐basins in the southwest‐central SCS. The development of composite sequences CS5 to CS7 after Middle Miocene time was obviously influenced by the Dongsha Movement during convergence between the SCS and Philippine Sea plates. Climatic variations and monsoon intensification may have enhanced sediment supply during Late Oligocene‒Early Miocene (25–21 Ma) and Late Pliocene‒Pleistocene (3–0.8 Ma) times. This study indicates that shelf‐edge delta and associated slope fan systems are the most important oil/gas‐bearing reservoirs in the SCS continental‐slope area.
Probing the role of the C2F domain of otoferlin

Afferent synapses of cochlear inner hair cells (IHCs) employ a unique molecular machinery. Otoferlin is a key player in this machinery, and its genetic defects cause human auditory synaptopathy. We employed site-directed mutagenesis in mice to investigate the role of Ca2+ binding to the C2F domain of otoferlin. Substituting two aspartate residues of the C2F top loops, which are thought to coordinate Ca2+-ions, by alanines (OtofD1841/1842A) abolished Ca2+-influx-triggered IHC exocytosis and synchronous signaling in the auditory pathway despite substantial expression (~60%) of the mutant otoferlin in the basolateral IHC pole. Ca2+ influx of IHCs and their resting membrane capacitance, reflecting IHC size, as well as the number of IHC synapses were maintained. The mutant otoferlin showed a strong apex-to-base abundance gradient in IHCs, suggesting impaired protein targeting. Our results indicate a role of the C2F domain in otoferlin targeting and of Ca2+ binding by the C2F domain for IHC exocytosis and hearing.
Domain-specific and total sedentary behaviors associated with psychological distress in older adults

Purpose: Time spent in sedentary behaviors has become a major public health problem, affecting both physical and mental conditions, which is regularly evident in older adults. The aim of this study was to explore the association between each domain-specific sedentary behavior (screen-time, leisure-time sedentary behavior and transport) and total sedentary behavior (sum of all indicators) with “high” psychological distress among older individuals. Patients and methods: In this cross-sectional study, we recruited 810 participants aged ≥85 (16% men) from 6 neighborhoods in the city of Zagreb. We used Measure of Older Adults’ Sedentary Time sedentary behavior questionnaire to assess the time spent in a specific domain of sedentary behavior and Kessler K6 scale to assess the level of psychological distress. Participants who had a score ≥13 points were treated as those with “high” psychological distress. Generalized estimating equations with Poisson regression models and risk ratios were used to calculate the association. Results: After adjusting for sex, body mass index, sleep quality, self-rated health, material status, physical activity, diet and chronic diseases, participants categorized in the second, third and fourth quartile of screen-time, in the fourth quartile of leisure-time sedentary behavior and in the third and fourth quartile of total sedentary behavior were less likely to have “high” psychological distress. However, participants categorized in the fourth quartile of transport were more likely to have “high” psychological distress. Conclusion: Our study shows that more time spent in front of screens, leisure and in total sedentary behavior is associated with lower levels, while more time spent in transport is associated with higher levels of psychological distress, pointing out that the aforementioned associations remained even after adjusting for variables describing “general” physical health. Thus, strategies aiming to reduce the time spent in passive transport and enhance active transport in a sample of older adults are warranted.
Not My Fault to Phub Friends! Individual, Social, and Technological Influences on Phubbing and Its Consequences

Fphubbing (friend phubbing) indicates snubbing friends by checking and/or using one’s smartphone. This study examined three approaches to provide more detailed insights and comprehensive views of phubbing: individual differences, social influences, and technological influences on Fphubbing. In addition, this study explored the outcomes of Fphubbing and further examined the mediating role of Fphubbing between proposed predictors and consequences in this study. A sample of 266 college students (aged between 18 and 38, M age = 20.02 ) also revealed that (a) smartphone dependence was positively associated with Fphubbing, while self-control had a negative association with Fphubbing; (b) social norms were positively related to Fphubbing; and (c) technology overload and interruptive notifications were positively associated with Fphubbing. We also found that Fphubbing was negatively associated with friendship commitment and satisfaction, respectively. Further, Fphubbing served as a mediator in the proposed model.
From stage to a sense of place: the power of tourism performing arts storytelling for sustainable tourism growth

ABSTRACT This study adopts a circuits of culture approach to examine the role of tourism performing arts (TPA) storytelling in conveying a sense of place to visitors, and its potential impact on their attitudes towards sustainable tourism development. Through a survey of 437 visitors and structural equation modeling, the study reveals the distinct storytelling attributes that contribute to TPA’s effectiveness. The study also finds that tourists’ sense of place completely mediates the relationship between these storytelling attributes and their support for tourism development. These findings offer important insights into the potential of TPA storytelling as a tool for promoting sustainable tourism.
Relationship Level of Knowledge about Anemia with Compliance Consuming Fe Tablet in The Public Health Centre

Due to their inability to meet their own iron requirements, mothers who are pregnant with iron deficiency are placing their unborn children at risk for birth defects such as low fatal organ maturity and prematurity. Hypovolemic hemorrhage during labour in anemic conditions increases the chance of death. Pregnant women's knowledge of anemia and their adherence to Fe pills in the Public Health Centre, Langkat Regency were the primary goals of this study. Cross-sectional surveys were used in this type of research. All pregnant women in the working area of Public Health Centre, Langkat Regency, were surveyed in August, with a total of 68 people participating. For this investigation, the method of sampling was total sampling. Results of the Study Regarding 67% of those polled have inadequate information about anemia, and 41% of those polled don't take their medication as directed (60.3%). Adherence to taking Fe pills is strongly influenced by a person's level of knowledge. The p-value is less than 0.05. Increasing pregnant women's knowledge of the importance of taking Fe pills is recommended in order to raise their degree of adherence to taking Fe tablets.
TERRASAR-X Measurements of Wind Fields, Ocean Waves and Currents

TerraSAR-X is a new German X-band radar satellite launched on June 15, 2007. In this mission operational spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) system with very high spatial resolution is set up producing remote sensing products for commercial and scientific use. TerraSAR-X is a scientific and technological continuation of the successful Space Shuttle missions SIR-C/X and SRTM. The spacecraft is equipped with a phased array X-band SAR, which can operate in different polarisations and has furthermore beam stearing capabilities. In addition the system has a split antenna mode, which is able to provide along track interferometric information. The instrument is designed for multiple imaging modes like Stripmap, Spotlight and ScanSAR. Due to its polarimetric and interferometric capabilities as well as the high spatial resolution of up to 1 m, the TerraSAR-X sensor is a very interesting tool for oceanography. The presentation will give an overview of several applications, which are of both scientific and commercial interest, like e.g. current and ocean wave measurements, monitoring of morphodynamical processes or high resolution wind field retrieval. The potential as well as limitations of the instrument will be summarized and compared with existing sensors. Necessary steps to translate existing C-band SAR for wind and wave measurements to X-band will be discussed. A strategy will be outlined to achieve this by a combination of theoretical investigations and the use of existing experimental data acquired by both airborne and ground based X-band radar. First results on the adoption of existing C-band wind retrieval algorithms will be presented. Wind and ocean wave parameter retrievals will be presented, e.g., based on TerraSAR-X scenes taken over the English Channel.
EDIBLE FILM FOR FOOD PACKAGING

The purpose of this review article is to provide information about edible film, materials used, manufacturing methods, application for food packaging, and opportunities for future benefits of edible film. The method used by the author in reviewing this article, is by reading various journals from other authors and write the conclude using author own language. The conclusion is, edible film has potential to replace plastics (synthetic polymers) as food packaging. The ingredients used for edible film production are hydrocolloid (protein, polysaccharides, and alginates), lipid (polysaccharides, and alginates) and composite (mix of hydrocolloid and lipid). The methods for edible film production are wet process and dry process. Edible film can be used as food packaging, including cheese, meat, fish, vegetables, and fruit. Prospect of edible film has the potential to increase in the future because people are realizing the importance of reducing food waste with ecofriendly material as food packaging.
Fusion of dual modalities of non-invasive sensory feedback for object profiling with prosthetic hands

Introduction Either non-invasive somatotopic or substitute sensory feedback is capable of conveying a single modality of sensory information from prosthetic hands to amputees. However, the neurocognitive ability of amputees to integrate multi-modality sensory information for functional discrimination is unclear. The purpose of this study was to assess the fusion of non-invasive somatotopic tactile and substitute aperture feedbacks for profile perception of multiple physical features during grasping objects. Methods Two left transradial amputees with somatotopic evoked tactile sensation (ETS) of five fingers participated in the study. The tactile information of prosthetic hand was provided to amputees by the ETS feedback elicited on the stump projected finger map. Hand aperture information was conveyed to amputees with substitute electrotactile stimulation on the forearm or upper arm. Two types of sensory feedback were integrated to a commercial prosthetic hand. The efficacy of somatotopic ETS feedback on object length identification task was assessed with or without substitute aperture stimulation. The object size identification task was utilized to assess how ETS stimulation at the stump may affect aperture perception with stimulation on the ipsilateral upper arm or forearm. Finally, the task of identifying combined length and size was conducted to evaluate the ability of amputees to integrate the dual modalities of sensory feedback for perceiving profile features. Results The study revealed that amputee subjects can effectively integrate the ETS feedback with electrotactile substitutive feedback for object profile discrimination. Specifically, ETS was robust to provide object length information with electrotactile stimulation at either the forearm or upper arm. However, electrotactile stimulation at the upper arm for aperture perception was less susceptible to the interference of ETS stimulation than at the forearm. Discussion Amputee subjects are able to combine somatotopic ETS and aperture feedbacks for identifying multi-dimensional features in object profiling. The two sensory streams of information can be fused effectively without mutual interference for functional discrimination.
Growing maize silage in dairy effluent paddocks for two consecutive seasons - effect on crop yield and soil nitrogen.

Nutrient loading can be high in dairy-farm soils that are regularly irrigated with shed effluent, especially when the area treated is small or the farming system has intensified. Negative effects on animal health and the environment can occur as a consequence. In 2007, a 3 year project commenced to explore opportunities to mitigate these impacts through the strategic use of maize. Nine on-farm trials have shown that nitrogen (N) fertiliser is not necessary to maximise maize silage yield for first year crops planted in nutrient-rich, effluent treated soils. An additional two trials indicated that this N reserve can also meet all or most of the crop N demand in second year crops. This approach allowed fertiliser costs to be eliminated or minimised. It also reduced residual soil mineral N levels at harvest. Further work is required to give farmers certainty as to when extra fertiliser is required, particularly in the second year.
FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN STATUS GIZI IBU HAMIL DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS WOLOWA KABUPATEN BUTON TAHUN 2021

AbstrakStatus gizi adalah keadaan yang diakibatkan oleh keseimbangan antara asupan zat gizi dari makanan dengan kebutuhan zat gizi yang diperlukan untuk metabolisme tubuh. Status gizi ibu sebelum dan selama hamil dapat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan janin yang dikandungnya. Menurut World Health Organization (WHO) persentase tinggi penyebab kematian ibu adalah perdarahan (28%) dan infeksi, yang dapat di sebabkan anemia dan Kekurangan Energi Kronis (KEK) yang di beberapa negara kejadian ini berkisar kurang 10% sampai 60%. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan status gizi ibu hamil di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Wolowa Kabupaten Buton Tahun 2021. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan rancangan penelitian Cross Sectional dan menggunakan uji Chi Square. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan ibu dengan status gizi ibu hamil (Nilai p value = 0,004 < 0,05), tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara umur ibu dengan status gizi ibu hamil (Nilai p value = 0,672 > 0,05), tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pendapatan keluarga dengan status gizi ibu hamil (Nilai p value = 1,000 > 0,05), tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pola makan ibu dengan status gizi ibu hamil (Nilai p value = 0,055 > 0,05). Kesimpulan penelitian ini yaitu ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan ibu dengan status gizi ibu hamil dan tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara umur, pendapatan keluarga dan pola makan ibu dengan status gizi ibu hamil di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Wolowa Kabupaten Buton tahun 2021. Kata kunci: Pengetahuan, Umur, Pendapatan Keluarga, Pola makan, Status Gizi ibu hamil
Propuesta metodológica para estimar la heterogeneidad ambiental, diversidad y estructura de comunidades acuáticas de pozas de agua en bofedales altoandinos Method for the estimation of environmental heterogeneity, diversity and structure of aquatic communities in ponds of high-Andean bofedales

Among the objectives of the BIOTHAW project, the aquatic ecology part aims at characterizing the organization of aquatic communities living in high Andean bofedales with regards to several environmental and social factors that are rapidly changing under climate change. In this paper we propose a methodological framework for the analysis of aquatic communities (zooplankton, metaphyton, macrophytes and benthic invertebrates) at different spatial scales. At a bofedal scale several factors affecting aquatic community structure can be considered, such as habitat area,