Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Virtual tissue microstructure reconstruction by deep learning and fluorescence microscopy

Analysis of tissue microstructure is essential for understanding complex biological systems in different species. Studying the three-dimensional (3D) microstructure of tissues, such as the liver, is particularly fascinating due to its essential roles in metabolic processes and detoxification. The liver, composed of diverse cell types like hepatocytes, stellate cells, endothelial cells, and immune cells, exhibits a highly organized structure. Emerging technologies such as 3D microscopy and fluorescence microscopy offer exciting new possibilities for such analysis. Creating digital models that faithfully represent the inherent 3D architecture requires simultaneous imaging of multiple markers across large volumes, hindered by limitations such as poor antibody penetration, restrictions on fluorescent markers, and time-intensive procedures. Here, we present a generic approach for virtual 3D tissue microstructure reconstruction through the integration of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) and fluorescence microscopy. We applied our approach for multi-species analysis of tissue microstructure in mouse, frog, and human liver tissue, leveraging the benefits of deep learning and fluorescence microscopy. Our approach can generate accurate and high-resolution predictions of multiple tissue components, such as bile
Rare but not absent: the Inverted Mitogenomes of Deep-Sea Hatchetfish

Mitochondrial genomes are by definition compact and structurally stable over aeons. This generalized perception results from a vertebrate-centric vision, as very few types of mtDNA rearrangements have been described in vertebrates. By combining a panel of sequencing approaches, including short- and long-reads, we show that species from a group of illusive marine teleosts, the deep-sea hatchetfish (Stomiiforms: Sternoptychidae), display a myriad of new mtDNA structural arrangements. We show a never reported inversion of the coding direction of protein-coding genes (PGG) coupled with a strand asymmetry nucleotide composition reversal directly related to the strand location of the Control Region (which includes the heavy strand replication origin). An analysis of the 4-fold redundant sites of the PCGs, in thousands of vertebrate mtDNAs, revealed the rarity of this phenomenon, only found in 9 fish species, five of which are deep-sea hatchetfish. Curiously, in Antarctic notothenioid fishes (Trematominae), where a single PCG inversion (the only other record in fish) is coupled with the inversion of the Control Region, the standard asymmetry is disrupted for the remaining PCG but not yet reversed, suggesting a transitory state in this species mtDNA. Together, our findings hint that a relaxation of the classic vertebrate mitochondrial structural stasis, observed in Sternoptychidae and Trematominae, promotes disruption of the natural balance of asymmetry of the mtDNA. Our findings support the long-lasting hypothesis that replication is the main molecular mechanism promoting the strand-specific compositional bias of this unique and indispensable molecule.
A subtle structural modification of a synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonist drastically increases its efficacy at the CB1 receptor

The emergence of synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists (SCRAs) as illicit psychoactive substances has posed considerable public health risks that include fatalities. Many SCRAs exhibit much higher efficacy and potency, compared with the phytocannabinoid Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), at the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R), a G protein-coupled receptor involved in modulating neurotransmitter release. In this study, we investigated structure activity relationships (SAR) of aminoalkylindole SCRAs at CB1Rs, focusing on 5F-pentylindoles containing an amide linker attached to different head moieties. Using in vitro bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) assays, we identified a few of SCRAs exhibiting significantly higher efficacy in engaging the Gi protein and recruiting β-arrestin than the reference CB1R full agonist CP55940. Importantly, adding a methyl group at the head moiety of 5F-MMB-PICA yielded 5F-MDMB-PICA, an agonist exhibiting a large increase in efficacy and potency at the CB1R. This pharmacological observation was supported by a functional assay of the effects of these SCRAs on glutamate field potentials recorded in hippocampal slices. Molecular modeling and simulations of the CB1R bound with either of the SCRAs revealed critical structural determinants contributing to the higher efficacy of 5F-MDMB-PICA, and how these subtle differences propagated to the receptor-G protein interface. Thus, we find that apparently minor structural changes in the head moiety of SCRAs can cause major changes in efficacy. Our results highlight the need for close monitoring of structural modifications of newly emerging SCRAs and their potential for toxic drug responses in humans.
Building Segmentation from High-Resolution SAR Images Based on Improved Markov Random Field

An approach was proposed for building segmentation from high resolution SAR(Synthetic Aperture Radar) images based on an improved Markov random field(MRF) model.Aiming at the property of low SNR(Signal to Noise Ratio) of SAR images and the complexity of building textures,we obtained the initial segmentation using the maximum likelihood(ML) algorithm based on the multi-scale MRF model and involved the Gabor similarity between pixels based on the traditional MRF potential function,and employed the ICM(Iterative Conditional Model) algorithm to implement the segmentation.The experimental results on several real SAR images show that the proposed approach performs better than traditional methods in the segmentation accuracy,and building boundaries are clearly obtained by the proposed approach.
Phosphatases modified by LH signaling in ovarian follicles: testing their role in regulating the NPR2 guanylyl cyclase

In response to luteinizing hormone, multiple proteins in rat and mouse granulosa cells are rapidly dephosphorylated, but the responsible phosphatases remain to be identified. Because the phosphorylation state of phosphatases can regulate their interaction with substrates, we searched for phosphatases that might function in LH signaling by using quantitative mass spectrometry. We identified all proteins in rat ovarian follicles whose phosphorylation state changed detectably in response to a 30-minute exposure to LH, and within this list, identified protein phosphatases or phosphatase regulatory subunits that showed changes in phosphorylation. Phosphatases in the PPP family were of particular interest because of their requirement for dephosphorylating the natriuretic peptide receptor 2 (NPR2) guanylyl cyclase in the granulosa cells, which triggers oocyte meiotic resumption. Among the PPP family regulatory subunits, PPP1R12A and PPP2R5D showed the largest increases in phosphorylation, with 4-10 fold increases in signal intensity on several sites. Although follicles from mice in which these phosphorylations were prevented by serine-to-alanine mutations in either Ppp1r12a or Ppp2r5d showed normal LH-induced NPR2 dephosphorylation, these regulatory subunits and others could act redundantly to dephosphorylate NPR2. Our identification of phosphatases and other proteins whose phosphorylation state is rapidly modified by LH provides clues about multiple signaling pathways in ovarian follicles. Graphical Abstract Summary sentence Quantitative mass spectrometric analysis of phosphatases whose phosphorylation state is rapidly modified by luteinizing hormone provides clues about how LH signaling dephosphorylates NPR2 as well as a resource for future studies.
A Research on the Impact of Reverse Logistics Service Quality on Consumer Loyalty in O2O Fresh Food E-commerce Enterprises

The popularity of mobile internet and big data has led to the rapid development of e-commerce. As one of the most suitable models for fresh food e-commerce platforms, the competition in the O2O fresh food e-commerce market is becoming increasingly fierce. This paper provides suggestions for O2O fresh food e-commerce companies to improve the quality of reverse logistics services through a study of the role of reverse logistics service quality on consumer trust and consumer loyalty. The study shows that the four dimensions of timeliness, communication quality, reliability and empathy of O2O fresh food ecommerce reverse logistics service quality can directly and positively influence consumer loyalty to different degrees, and trust also has a significant influence on consumer loyalty, and consumer trust has a mediating effect in the relationship between timeliness, communication quality, reliability, empathy and loyalty. Keyword: O2O fresh food e-commerce, Reverse logistics service quality, Customer trust, Customer loyalty
A Novel Integration Scheme Based on Mean Shift and Region-Scalable Fitting Level Set for Medical Image Segmentation

In this study, a novel integration scheme for coupling the results of mean shift with initial contours of the region-scalable fitting level set method (RSF model) is presented. There are two main contributions in the study. First, a new adaptive threshold formula to fit dynamic range of the mean shift clustering results is proposed. Second, a double-side mapping mode is presented to improve the robustness of initialization. Experimental results demonstrate the adaptability and robustness of the proposed method, and accurate segmentation could be obtained for medical images.
Research on the Influence Mechanism of Consumers' Purchase Intention in E-commerce Live Broadcast based on the Extended TAM Model

: In this paper, we introduced the perceived value (including product value, cewebrity value, service value, image value and economic value) and perceived trust variables to proposed an Extended TAM Model in order to identify key factors affecting Consumers' Purchase Intention in E-commerce Live Broadcast. We collected questionnaire data from 495 participates who have bought goods in E-commerce Live Broadcast in China, and validate the results with structural equation model. The empirical results show that: All kind of perceived value in e-commerce live broadcast significantly and positively affects consumers' purchase intention; Perceived trust in e-commerce live broadcast significantly positively affects consumers' purchase intention. These findings can lead to several management strategies to improve the Consumers' Purchase Intention in E-commerce Live Broadcast.
Far field solution of SH-wave scattering by elliptic cavity

The far field solution of SHwave by an elliptic cavity in elastic space of two dimensions by use of complex function method is investigated. A new method to solve this kind of problem is established in the solving progress. The displacement mode of scattered wave in a far field and scattering crosssection are given. The characteristic on scattered SHwave by an elliptic cavity in a far field is discussed. Curves that have represent characteristic of scattered wave in a far field are given and could be consulted directly. It presents a reference for studying antiproblem of elastic wave scattering.
NBR1-mediated selective autophagy of ARF7 modulates root branching

Auxin dictates root architecture via the Auxin Response Factor (ARF) family of transcription factors, which control lateral root (LR) formation. In Arabidopsis, ARF7 regulates the specification of prebranch sites (PBS) generating LRs through gene expression oscillations and plays a pivotal role during LR initiation. Despite the importance of ARF7 in this process, there is a surprising lack of knowledge about how ARF7 turnover is regulated and how this impacts root architecture. Here, we show that ARF7 accumulates in autophagy mutants and is degraded through NBR1-dependent selective autophagy. We demonstrate that the previously reported rhythmic changes to ARF7 abundance in roots are modulated via autophagy and might occur in other tissues. Additionally, we prove that the level of co- localization between ARF7 and autophagy markers oscillates and can be modulated by auxin to trigger ARF7 turnover. Furthermore, we observed that autophagy impairment prevents ARF7 oscillation and reduces both PBS establishment and LR formation. In conclusion we report a novel role for autophagy during development, namely by enacting auxin-induced selective degradation of ARF7 to optimize periodic root branching.
Interaction of Aerosol Particles and Clouds

With the spectral scavenging and microphysics model DESCAM coupled to a 2D dynamic framework the transport and scavenging of aerosol particles by a medium-sized convective cloud are investigated. For typical marine conditions the author has found a depletion of the marine boundary layer of about 70%. Also, about 70% of the vented up aerosol particle mass entered cloud drops due to nucleation. For these simulations the author found an increase in relative humidity, as well as number concentration of Aitken and large and giant particles near cloud top. The increase in relative humidity and large and giant particle concentration was coupled to cloud outflow regions, while the increase in Aitken particles can be attributed to lifting of free tropospheric air due to cloud-top rising. Sensitivity tests varying the number of free tropospheric sulfate particles changed the number of cloud drops but had little effect on precipitation formation and evolution.
ESTIMATION DE L'ERREUR COMMISE LORS DE L'APPROXIMATION DE LA LOI BINOMIALE PAR LA LOI NORMALE

SuMMary The development of the data processing and the software of statistics currently allows the undifferentiated use of the tools of traditional statistics and the exact tools. The first are based on approximations of laws and in particular the normal law while the seconds are used “except approximation’’ and are then called “exact’’ tools. We were interested in the study of the difference between the binomial distribution “exact’’ and the normal law “approximate’’. The approximation of the binomial distribution by the normal law is accompanied by a risk of error and we present the difference in error according to the law used in various situations and compare the results in the contexts “exact’’ and “approached’’. The differences of the terminals relate only to the third or the fourth decimal. This then authorizes the undifferentiated use of the tools of traditional or exact statistics.
USING ITERATED TABU SEARCH FOR THE TRAVELING SALESMAN PROBLEM

In this paper, we propose an iterated tabu search (ITS) algorithm for the well-known combinatorial optimization problem, the traveling salesman problem (TSP). ITS is based on so-called intensification (improvement) and diversification (reconstruction) (I&D) paradigm. The goal of the intensification is the search for a locally optimal solution in the neighbourhood of the current solution. The diversification is responsible for escaping from the current local optimum and moving towards new regions in the solution space. Using the limited standard tabu search (TS) in the role of an effective intensification (local improvement) procedure resulted in promising solutions obtained during the experimentation with a number of the test data from the library of TSP instances TSPLIB. The results show that the proposed variant of ITS outperforms both the straightforward TS algorithm and the other heuristic algorithms tested.
A new microfluidic model to study dendritic remodeling and mitochondrial dynamics during axonal regeneration of adult zebrafish retinal neurons

Unlike mammals, adult zebrafish are able to fully regenerate axons and functionally recover from neuronal damage in the mature central nervous system (CNS). Decades of research have tried to identify the mechanisms behind their spontaneous regenerative capacity, but the exact underlying pathways and molecular drivers remain to be fully elucidated. By studying optic nerve injury-induced axonal regrowth of adult zebrafish retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), we previously reported transient dendritic shrinkage and changes in the distribution and morphology of mitochondria in the different neuronal compartments throughout the regenerative process. These data suggest that dendrite remodeling and temporary changes in mitochondrial dynamics contribute to effective axonal and dendritic repair upon optic nerve injury. To further elucidate these interactions, we here present a novel adult zebrafish microfluidic model in which we can demonstrate compartment-specific alterations in resource allocation in real-time at single neuron level. First, we developed a pioneering method that enables to isolate and culture adult zebrafish retinal neurons in a microfluidic setup. Notably, with this protocol, we report on a long-term adult primary neuronal culture with a high number of surviving and spontaneously outgrowing mature neurons, which was thus far only very limitedly described in literature. By performing time-lapse live cell imaging and kymographic analyses in this setup, we can explore changes in dendritic remodeling and mitochondrial motility during spontaneous axonal regeneration. This innovative model system will enable to discover how redirecting intraneuronal energy resources supports successful regeneration in the adult zebrafish CNS, and might facilitate the discovery of new therapeutic targets to promote neuronal repair in humans.
Comparison of the gut virus communities between patients with Crohn’s disease and healthy individuals

Introduction The escalating incidence of Crohn’s disease (CD), a debilitating ailment that ravages individuals and their families, has become a formidable issue over recent decades. Method In this study, fecal samples from patients with CD and healthy individuals were investigated by means of viral metagenomics. Results The fecal virome was analyzed and some suspected disease-causing viruses were described. A polyomavirus named HuPyV with 5,120 base pairs (bp) was found in the disease group. In a preliminary analysis employing large T region-specific primers, it was found that HuPyV was present in 3.2% (1/31) of healthy samples and 43.2% (16/37) of disease samples. Additionally, two other viruses from the anellovirus and CRESS-DNA virus families were found in fecal samples from CD patients. The complete genome sequences of these two viruses were described respectively, and the phylogenetic trees have been built using the anticipated amino acid sequences of the viral proteins. Discussion Further research is required to elucidate the relationship between these viruses and the onset and development of Crohn’s disease.
Vascular and Non-HLA autoantibody profiles in hospitalized patients with COVID-19

Introduction Severe COVID-19 illness is characterized by an overwhelming immune hyperactivation. Autoantibodies against vascular, tissue, and cytokine antigens have been detected across the spectrum of COVID-19. How these autoantibodies correlate with COVID-19 severity is not fully defined. Methods We performed an exploratory study to investigate the expression of vascular and non-HLA autoantibodies in 110 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 ranging from moderate to critically ill. Relationships between autoantibodies and COVID- 19 severity and clinical risk factors were examined using logistic regression analysis. Results There were no absolute differences in levels of expression of autoantibodies against angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1R) or endothelial cell proteins between COVID-19 severity groups. AT1R autoantibody expression also did not differ by age, sex, or diabetes status. Using a multiplex panel of 60 non- HLA autoantigens we did identify seven autoantibodies that differed by COVID-19 severity including myosin (myosin; p=0.02), SHC-transforming protein 3 (shc3; p=0.07), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-beta (perc; p=0.05), glial-cell derived neurotrophic factor (gdnf; p=0.07), enolase 1 (eno1; p=0.08), latrophilin-1 (lphn1; p=0.08), and collagen VI (coll6; p=0.05) with greater breadth and higher expression levels seen in less severe COVID-19. Discussion Overall, we found that patients hospitalized with COVID-19 demonstrate evidence of auto-reactive antibodies targeting endothelial cells, angiotensin II receptors, and numerous structural proteins including collagens. Phenotypic severity did not correlate with specific autoantibodies. This exploratory study underscores the importance of better understanding of the role of autoimmunity in COVID-19 disease and sequelae.
The glymphatic system: a new perspective on brain diseases

The glymphatic system is a brain-wide perivascular pathway driven by aquaporin-4 on the endfeet of astrocytes, which can deliver nutrients and active substances to the brain parenchyma through periarterial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) influx pathway and remove metabolic wastes through perivenous clearance routes. This paper summarizes the composition, overall fluid flow, solute transport, related diseases, affecting factors, and preclinical research methods of the glymphatic system. In doing so, we aim to provide direction and reference for more relevant researchers in the future.
Winning the race with aging: age-related changes in gait speed and its association with cognitive performance in dogs

Introduction In humans, gait speed is a crucial component in geriatric evaluation since decreasing speed can be a harbinger of cognitive decline and dementia. Aging companion dogs can suffer from age-related mobility impairment, cognitive decline and dementia known as canine cognitive dysfunction syndrome. We hypothesized that there would be an association between gait speed and cognition in aging dogs. Methods We measured gait speed on and off leash in 46 adult and 49 senior dogs. Cognitive performance in senior dogs was assessed by means of the Canine Dementia Scale and a battery of cognitive tests. Results We demonstrated that dogs' food-motivated gait speed off leash is correlated with fractional lifespan and cognitive performance in dogs, particularly in the domains of attention and working memory. Discussion Food-motivated gait speed off leash represents a relatively easy variable to measure in clinical settings. Moreover, it proves to be a more effective indicator of age-related deterioration and cognitive decline than gait speed on leash.
Permutation entropy is not an age-independent parameter for EEG-based anesthesia monitoring

Background An optimized anesthesia monitoring using electroencephalographic (EEG) information in the elderly could help to reduce the incidence of postoperative complications. Processed EEG information that is available to the anesthesiologist is affected by the age-induced changes of the raw EEG. While most of these methods indicate a “more awake” patient with age, the permutation entropy (PeEn) has been proposed as an age-independent measure. In this article, we show that PeEn is also influenced by age, independent of parameter settings. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the EEG of more than 300 patients, recorded during steady state anesthesia without stimulation, and calculated the PeEn for different embedding dimensions m that was applied to the EEG filtered to a wide variety of frequency ranges. We constructed linear models to evaluate the relationship between age and PeEn. To compare our results to published studies, we also performed a stepwise dichotomization and used non-parametric tests and effect sizes for pairwise comparisons. Results We found a significant influence of age on PeEn for all settings except for narrow band EEG activity. The analysis of the dichotomized data also revealed significant differences between old and young patients for the PeEn settings used in published studies. Conclusion Based on our findings, we could show the influence of age on PeEn. This result was independent of parameter, sample rate, and filter settings. Hence, age should be taken into consideration when using PeEn to monitor patient EEG.