Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Regulatory roles of miRNA-758 and matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein in cervical cancer

The present study aimed to examine the role and underlying mechanism of miRNA-758 (miR-758) expression in cancer tissues, blood and cervical exfoliated cells from patients with cervical cancer. A total of 49 patients with cervical cancer and 26 healthy people for cervical cancer screening were included in the present study. The patients with cervical cancer were treated with resection, and the tumor and adjacent tissues, blood and cervical exfoliated cells were collected. The expression levels of miR-758 and matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein (MEPE) mRNA in each sample were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. In addition, western blot analysis was used to detect the MEPE protein in tumor tissues, while ELISA was applied to detect the MEPE protein expression in the blood and cervical exfoliated cells. Compared with the normal control, MEPE mRNA expression was upregulated in cervical cancer tissues, blood and cervical exfoliated cells. At the protein level, MEPE was also upregulated significantly in patients with cervical cancer. miR-758 expression was decreased significantly in cervical cancer tissues, blood and cervical exfoliated cells (P<0.05), which was opposite to the trend observed for MEPE mRNA expression. Furthermore, MEPE expression was increased in the tumor tissue, blood and cervical exfoliated cells of cervical cancer patients, which was associated to the downregulated miR-758. Therefore, miR-758 may regulate the infiltration and invasion of cervical cancer by targeting MEPE.
Archaean Zircon U-Pb Age Paradox in Juvenile Neoproterozoic Granitoids, Central North Sudan, Saharan Metacraton

It has long been shown that central North Sudan with its heterogeneous isotopic composition, unlike neighbouring Archaean cratons and the Neoproterozoic Arabian-Nubian Shield, is part of the Saharan metacratonic crust that was remobilized in the Neoproterozoic. In this paper, we report an Archaean zircon U-Pb age in the Saharan Metacraton that paradoxically does not indicate the presence of an Archaean crust. Th e second paradox concerns
A high late Holocene tree-limit and the establishment of the spruce forest-limit - a case study in northern Sweden.

Radiocarbon dates of subfossil pines found on dry ground above the present-day tree-limit are reported from northern Sweden. The uppermost and oldest specimen germinated c. AD 300–600. During some shorter part of this interval the tree-limit might have been 235 m higher than it was at the turn of the last century. Based on a current adiabatic lapse rate of 0.7°C per 100m, it may be tentatively deduced that the summers were at least 1.6°C warmer. The pine tree-limit and upper pine populations are inferred to have declined substantially shortly after AD 600. The tree-limit reached a low at the end of the Little Ice Age. In parallel with the warming of c. 1°C during the first half of the 20th century the tree-limit advanced 110m altitudinally. Spruce forest dominance seems to have increased at the study site during the first half of the 19th century, when thermal and hygric conditions may have been optimally balanced. Although basically a direct climatic response, it can be hypothesized that the spruce expansion was facilitated by the pine demise during the Little Ice Age.
Chinese Sulphur Dioxide Emissions and Local Environment Pollution

During the last 30 years Chinese economy has increased rapidly. The pollution of air in many Chinese cities exceeds both national and international standards due to rapid urbanization, industrialization and increased energy consumption. At present China becomes the highest sulphur dioxide emitter in the world due to its reliance on coal for energy generation. The Government of China has taken different steps to reduce sulphur dioxide and succeeded from the 11th Five-Year Plan. Breathing in sulphur dioxide can irritate the nose, throat and the lungs, causing phlegm, coughing, shortness of breath, development of bronchitis and other respiratory diseases, as well as aggravation of existing cardiovascular disease. Long-term contact to sulphur dioxide at lower concentrations can cause temporary loss of smell, headache, nausea and dizziness. In this paper an attempt has been taken to discuss sulphur dioxide emissions of China and stresses on desulphurization processes.
Methods for Measuring Iinfiltration Rate in Forest Floor in Hinoki Plantations

近年，林業労働力の不足，材価の低迷のため，適切に管理されずに放置され荒廃した林分が年々増大している．従来の研究によれば，人工林，特にヒノキ一斉林では，樹冠の閉鎖が進むと下層植生が消失し，浸透能が低下することが知られていたが，従来の浸透能測定法では，裸地化した林床における浸透能を正確に表現していない恐れがある．そこで本研究では，冠水型浸透計，霧雨散水型浸透装置，樹幹上から散水をする大型の浸透計を用い林内における浸透能の把握をすることを目的に研究を行った．その結果，霧雨散水型が294-670 mm/h，冠水型浸透計での測定値は，210-456 mm/h程度とかなりばらつきが多く，また，非常に高い浸透能を示す．これに対し，降雨強度35-45 mm/hの人工降雨を4回，林冠上から散水した結果，浸透能は26-34 mm/hと一桁低い値で比較的安定した値を示した．人工降雨型の浸透試験器は，スプリンクラーにより樹冠上から散水されるために，雨滴径も大きく，林内雨を再現していると考えられるため，人工降雨型を用いた場合の値が，林床が裸地化したヒノキ林の浸透能を示すとするのが妥当であり，他の方法では過大な値を得る結果となる可能性が高い.
MERCÚRIO NA COMUNIDADE PLANCTÔNICA DO RESERVATÓRIO DA USINA HIDRELÉTRICA DE SAMUEL (RO), AMAZÔNIA OCIDENTAL

The present work evaluates the Hg concentrations in the planktonic community of the Samuel hydroelectric reservoir (Amazon/Brazil). Plankton samples were collected from September 2003 to May 2004, to verify possible correlations with the variation in the water level in the reservoir. Plankton samples were collected through two nylon nets, one with 68 µm and the other with 20 µm of mesh size. An aliquot of each plankton filtrate was removed and preserved for posterior taxonomic analysis and another was lyophilized and digested for Hg analysis. Total Hg was determined by cold vapor atomic absorption spectrophotometer (CVAAS) (FIMS-400, Perkin-Elmer). Hydrochemical parameters were analyzed in situ during sampling. Highest Hg concentration was obtained in December 2003 (226 µg.kg -1 ). Hg concentrations were influenced by the inflow of the reservoir when water entering the lake resulted in sediment particles resuspension from bottom sediments. Lowest Hg concentration (23 µg.kg -1 ) was registered in September 2004, corresponding to the period of smallest inflow to the lake, when higher deposition of particulate suspended matter occurs.
Glacial/interglacial variations in production and nitrogen fixation in the Cariaco Basin during the last 580 kyr

The effect of sea level change on nutrient supply to the anoxic Cariaco demonstrates the fundamental importance of nitrogen (N2) fixation and phosphate to oceanic production. As N2 fixation produces biomass of low δ15N and has been reported to be an important component of the nitrogen cycle in the modern Cariaco Basin, we propose that it contributes to the light interglacial δ15N (∼2‰–3‰) values observed in the Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) site 1002 sediment record. During the glacials the sediments are bioturbated (oxic conditions) with low total organic carbon (TOC) contents and sedimentary δ15N values of ∼5‰, suggesting that nitrogen (N2) fixation contributed little to the N nutrition of Cariaco surface waters. The most plausible explanation for the inferred glacial/interglacial changes in N2 fixation in the Cariaco is that they have occurred in response to variations in the N/P ratio of the nutrient supply, driven by changes in denitrification.
Nutritional Quality of Foods Consumed by Gizzard Shad in Western Lake Erie

Gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum) were collected from four locations in western Lake Erie during summer, 1982. The nutritional quality of foods ingested by these fish was examined. Small (<60 mm standard length), age 0 fish consumed mostly zooplankton with high organic (>80% of dry weight) and nitrogen (>6% of dry weight) contents. The phytoplankton and detritus diets of larger, age 0 and adult gizzard shad were of poorer nutritional quality (organic = 10-30%; nitrogen = 0.7-3.1% of dry weight). However, the nutritional quality of these foods was apparently adequate for gizzard shad, as most fish from all locations exhibited good condition and rapid growth rates. Observed differences in size and condition of age 0 gizzard shad among the collection sites may be due, in part, to variation in the quality of foods consumed during the growing season. obtain an adequate amount for analysis. Food samples were oven- dried to constant weight at 60°C. The organic content was determined by a weight difference before and after combustion in a muffle furnace at 55O°C for 3 h (Cummins and Wuycheck 1971). The nitrogen content of food samples was determined with the elemental analyzer. Representative samples of gizzard contents from two or three fish for each age, site, and date were examined (prior to drying) with a light microscope at 25 and 100X magnification. Food materials were identified, and general observations were made on the size and abun- dance of the major food items.
Response to Nodal morphogen gradient is determined by the kinetics of target gene induction

Morphogen gradients expose cells to different signal concentrations and induce target genes with different ranges of expression. To determine how the Nodal morphogen gradient induces distinct gene expression patterns during zebrafish embryogenesis, we measured the activation dynamics of the signal transducer Smad2 and the expression kinetics of long- and short-range target genes. We found that threshold models based on ligand concentration are insufficient to predict the response of target genes. Instead, morphogen interpretation is shaped by the kinetics of target gene induction: the higher the rate of transcription and the earlier the onset of induction, the greater the spatial range of expression. Thus, the timing and magnitude of target gene expression can be used to modulate the range of expression and diversify the response to morphogen gradients. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.05042. 001
Health and Quality of Life Outcomes

The purpose was to compare and comment on use of the SF-36 and MOS-HIV instruments in studies of persons with HIV disease. Three medical information databases were searched to identify examples of HIV studies that included the MOS-HIV or SF-36. Thirty-nine and 14 published articles were identified for illustration in comparing the use of the MOS-HIV and SF-36 in HIV disease, respectively. Support for the reliability and construct validity of the MOS-HIV and SF-36 was found. Ceiling and floor effects were reported for both the MOS-HIV and SF-36; however, ceiling effects were more common for the MOS-HIV, in part due to fewer items in the physical, social, and role functioning domains. The MOS-HIV measures three domains hypothesized to be associated with the health deterioration of HIV disease not measured by the SF-36; however, these domains may not assess aspects of HIV disease that typify the majority of the persons with HIV disease today. National norms for the U.S. adult population (and other nations) are available for the SF-36. In addition, the SF-36 has been used in a wide variety of patient populations, enabling comparisons of HIV-infected persons with persons with other health conditions. No national norms for the MOS-HIV are available. We conclude that there is currently insufficient evidence in the literature to recommend the use of the MOS-HIV over the SF-36 in HIV-infected persons. Although the SF-36 is not targeted at HIV, it may be preferable to use the SF-36 over the MOSHIV due to fewer ceiling effects, availability of national norms, and the vast amount of data for other populations in the U.S. and around the world. Head-to-head comparisons demonstrating the unique value of the MOS-HIV over the SF-36 are clearly needed. More importantly, additional work needs to be directed at comparing the MOS-HIV and other putatively HIV-targeted instruments to one another to help demarcate aspects of HRQOL that are truly generic versus specific to HIV disease. Using both a generic and targeted HRQOL measure is a good general strategy, but this has not been a typical practice in studies of HIV because the MOS-HIV is so similar in content to the SF-36. Introduction Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) entered the public consciousness over two decades ago. In the ensuing years, Published: 09 July 2003 Health and Quality of Life Outcomes 2003, 1:25 Received: 23 June 2003 Accepted: 09 July 2003 This article is available from: http://www.hqlo. com/content/1/1/25 © 2003 Shahriar et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article: verbatim copying and redistribution of this article are permitted in all media for any purpose, provided this notice is preserved along with the article's original URL.
Soil Phosphorus Dynamics during Seventeen Years of Continuous Cultivation: Fractionation Analyses

Excluding fertilizer P, a finite quantity of soil P exists for plant uptake. To improve our understanding of sinks and sources of long-term plant-available P, soil P fractions to a depth of 30 cm were determined in soils under a continuous cropping system prior to fertilization (1975), after 10 yr of P fertilization (1985), and 6 yr after the last P fertilization (1992). Soil types for two study sites were Norfolk loamy sand (fine-loamy, siliceous, thermic Typic Kandiudult) and Davidson clay loam (clayey, kaolinitic, thermic Rhodic Paleudult). Superphosphate was applied from 1975 to 1986 at rates of 0, 10, 20, and 40 kg P ha -1 yr -1 . Average removal of P, via corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. ] cropping, was between 10 and 20 kg P ha -1 yr -1 from 1975 to 1992. Resin-extractable soil P increased in the Norfolk soil with annual P applications that were in excess of crop removal and decreased with annual P applications that were less than crop P removal. Resin-extractable soil P decreased to below 3 mg P kg -1 in the Davidson soil regardless of P application or removal rate. Inorganic soil P extracted with NaHCO 3 and NaOH increased with excess P additions and decreased with deficient P additions for both soils. Organic soil P in the Norfolk soil extracted with NaOH represented a P sink at the 40 kg P ha -1 yr -1 treatment in 1985, but subsequently mineralized by 1992. In both soils, inorganic P extracted in the resin, NaHCO 3 , and NaOH fractions, and organic P in the NaOH fraction of the Norfolk soil, represented the biologically dynamic P.
European guideline on indications, performance and clinical impact of <sup>13</sup>Câ•’breath tests in adult and pediatric patients: An EAGEN, ESNM, and ESPGHAN consensus, supported by EPC

Department of Internal Medicine, Israelitic Hospital, Academic Hospital University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, UK Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Studying the effects of aerosols on vertical photolysis rate coefficient and temperature profiles over an urban airshed

This paper discusses the effects of size- and composition-resolved aerosols on photolysis and temperatures within and above an urban airshed. With respect to photolysis, three-dimensional simulations indicated that (1) in regions of the boundary layer where absorption of ultraviolet (UV) radiation was strong, aerosols reduced photolysis coefficients of UV-absorbing gases; (2) in regions of the boundary layer where UV scattering dominated UV absorption by aerosols, aerosols enhanced photolysis coefficients of UV-absorbing gases; (3) aerosols increased photolysis coefficients for visible-absorbing gases since visible scattering always exceeded visible absorption by aerosols; (4) scattering and weakly absorbing aerosols above the boundary layer increased photolysis coefficients above the boundary layer for all absorbing gases; and (5) increases in aerosol absorption extinction within the boundary layer reduced photolysis coefficients above the boundary layer for all absorbing gases. Photolysis coefficients changes due to aerosols decreased near-surface ozone mixing ratios in Los Angeles by 5–8%. With respect to temperatures, simulations indicated that aerosols increased radiative heating rates at all altitudes but decreased surface solar irradiances during the day. Surface irradiance reductions cooled the ground, reducing mechanical and thermal turbulent heat fluxes back to the boundary layer, cooling near-surface air, and stabilizing the boundary layer. During the night, aerosols decreased boundary-layer heating rates but increased downward infrared irradiances to the ground. Warmer ground temperatures increased mechanical turbulent heat fluxes to the boundary layer, increasing nighttime near-surface temperatures. Thus, aerosols affected temperatures primarily through ground-atmosphere turbulent heat transfer.
Distance-limited walk tests post-stroke: A systematic review of measurement properties

BACKGROUND: Improving walking capacity is a key objective of post-stroke rehabilitation. Evidence describing the quality and protocols of standardized tools for assessing walking capacity can facilitate their implementation. OBJECTIVE: To synthesize existing literature describing test protocols and measurement properties of distance-limited walk tests in people post-stroke. METHODS: Electronic database searches were completed in 2017. Records were screened and appraised for quality. RESULTS: Data were extracted from 43 eligible articles. Among the 12 walk tests identified, the 10-metre walk test (10mWT) at a comfortable pace was most commonly evaluated. Sixty-three unique protocols at comfortable and fast paces were identified. Walking pace and walkway surface, but not walkway length, influenced walking speed. Intraclass correlation coefficients for test-retest reliability ranged from 0.80–0.99 across walk tests. Measurement error values ranged from 0.04–0.40 and 0.06 to 0.20 for the 10mWT at comfortable and fast and paces, respectively. Across walk tests, performance was most frequently correlated with measures of strength, balance, and physical activity (r = 0.26-0.8, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The 10mWT has the most evidence of reliability and validity. Findings indicate that studies that include people with severe walking deficits, in acute and subacute phases of recovery, with improved quality of reporting, are needed.
Turbulent surface fluxes and air–ice coupling in the Baltic Air–Sea–Ice Study (BASIS)

Abstract Turbulent surface fluxes were studied using observations taken over sea ice in the Baltic Sea in March 1998. The fluxes of momentum and sensible heat were measured by a sonic anemometer and compared with fluxes derived from wind velocity and air-temperature profiles. The neutral 10 m drag coefficient showed no apparent dependence on wind speed (in the range 2–20 m s–1), resulting in a mean value of 1.0 × 10–3 for smooth snow-covered ice and 1.5 × 10−3 for deformed ice. The overall mean value was 1.28 × 10–3. The roughness length for temperature revealed a greater apparent dependence on wind speed and was slightly larger than the aerodynamic roughness for low wind speeds, and vice versa for moderate and high winds. We give an empirical expression that predicts how the scalar roughness depends on the aerodynamic roughness (drag coefficient) and wind speed. Agreement of the gradient-method results with the eddy-flux results supports the validity of the Monin-Obukhov similarity theory. Fluxes modelled by a coupled air-ice-sea model compared well with the eddy-flux and gradient methods. Surface temperature estimates by the three methods also agreed well. Tests and sensitivity analysis emphasize the need for especially accurate sensor calibration and strict information about the sensor heights for the gradient method.
Climate and fishing steer ecosystem regeneration to uncertain economic futures

Overfishing of large predatory fish populations has resulted in lasting restructurings of entire marine food webs worldwide, with serious socio-economic consequences. Fortunately, some degraded ecosystems show signs of recovery. A key challenge for ecosystem management is to anticipate the degree to which recovery is possible. By applying a statistical food-web model, using the Baltic Sea as a case study, we show that under current temperature and salinity conditions, complete recovery of this heavily altered ecosystem will be impossible. Instead, the ecosystem regenerates towards a new ecological baseline. This new baseline is characterized by lower and more variable biomass of cod, the commercially most important fish stock in the Baltic Sea, even under very low exploitation pressure. Furthermore, a socio-economic assessment shows that this signal is amplified at the level of societal costs, owing to increased uncertainty in biomass and reduced consumer surplus. Specifically, the combined economic losses amount to approximately 120 million € per year, which equals half of today's maximum economic yield for the Baltic cod fishery. Our analyses suggest that shifts in ecological and economic baselines can lead to higher economic uncertainty and costs for exploited ecosystems, in particular, under climate change.
Using Acoustic Emission Testing to Monitor Kinetic Energy Of Raindrop and Rainsplash Erosion

In regions of the globe where rainfall intensity is high (e.g., tropical and subtropical regions), detachment of soil particles by raindrop impact is the key trigger mechanism of soil erosion. One of the common measure of raindrop impact is kinetic energy. The objective of this research is to develop a reliable technology to measure the kinetic energy of rainfall and monitor rainsplash effects in field conditions. For this purpose, we have investigated the use of acoustic emission testing (AET) to measure stress waves produced by raindrops impacting upon a receiving surface. The tests were conducted in the laboratory under still air conditions, and will be replicated in a wind tunnel simulating a wide range of boundary-layer conditions. To calibrate the instrument, the force and energy produced by single raindrop impact on a ceramic plate, as well as raindrop velocities, were measured first in controlled laboratory experiments for different raindrop sizes and rainfall intensities. Stress wave properties (amplitude, frequency, and decay), and raindrop/rainfall attributes are subsequently analyzed to derive generalized calibration relationships. A rainfall maker to simulate distributed rainfall has also been built, and the technology is now being tested for distribution of rain. Preliminary results from the calibration of AET are presented here.