Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Streak camera in standard (Bi)CMOS (bipolar complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor) technology

The conventional streak camera (CSC) is an optoelectronic instrument that captures the spatial distribution as a function of time of an ultra high-speed luminous phenomenon with picosecond temporal resolution and a typical spatial resolution of several tens of micrometers. This paper presents two tubeless streak camera architectures called MISC (matrix integrated streak camera) and VISC (vector integrated streak camera), which replicate the functionality of a CSC on a single CMOS chip. The MISC structure consists of a lens, which spreads the photon flux on the surface of a specific pixel array-based (Bi)CMOS sensor. The VISC architecture is based on a sensor featuring a single column of photodetectors, where each element is coupled to a front-end and a multi-sampling and storage unit. In this case the optical objective used in front of the sensor focuses the luminous event on the several tens of micrometers wide photosensitive column. For both architectures, the spatial resolution is linked to the size of the photodetector and the temporal resolution is determined by the bandwidths of the photodetectors and the signal conditioning electronics. The capture of a 6 ns full width at half maximum 532 nm laser pulse is reported for two generations of MISC and a first generation of VISC.
A porous medium equation with nonlocal boundary condition and a localized source

This article studies the blow-up properties of solutions to a porous medium equation with nonlocal boundary condition and a general localized source. Conditions for the existence of global or blow-up solutions are obtained. Moreover, it is proved that the unique solution has global blow-up property whenever blow-up occurs. Blow-up rate estimates are also obtained for some special cases.
The Role of Serum Anti-Mullerian Hormone Measurement in the Diagnosis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrinological disorder in women with significant reproductive, metabolic, and psychological health implications. The lack of a specific diagnostic test poses challenges in making the diagnosis of PCOS, resulting in underdiagnosis and undertreatment. Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) synthesized by the pre-antral and small antral ovarian follicles appears to play an important role in the pathophysiology of PCOS, and serum AMH levels are often elevated in women with PCOS. The aim of this review is to inform the possibility of utilizing anti-Mullerian hormone either as a diagnostic test for PCOS or as an alternative diagnostic criterion in place of polycystic ovarian morphology, hyperandrogenism, and oligo-anovulation. Increased levels of serum AMH correlate highly with PCOS, polycystic ovarian morphology, hyperandrogenism, and oligo/amenorrhea. Additionally, serum AMH has high diagnostic accuracy as an isolated marker for PCOS or as a replacement for polycystic ovarian morphology.
Dieckol, Derived from the Edible Brown Algae Ecklonia cava, Attenuates Methylglyoxal-Associated Diabetic Nephropathy by Suppressing AGE–RAGE Interaction

The formation of advanced glycation end products (AGE) is linked to the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. The aim of this work was to assess the therapeutic potential and underlying mechanism of action of dieckol (DK), isolated from Ecklonia cava, on renal damage induced by methylglyoxal (MGO) in mouse glomerular mesangial cells. The antiglycation properties of DK were evaluated using ELISA. We conducted molecular docking, immunofluorescence analysis, and Western blotting to confirm the mechanism by which DK prevents AGE-related diabetic nephropathy. DK treatment exhibited antiglycation properties through the inhibition of AGE production, inhibition of cross-linking between AGE and collagen, and breaking of its cross-linking. DK pretreatment exhibited protective effects on renal cells by suppressing MGO-induced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, intracellular MGO and AGE accumulation, activation of the apoptosis cascade and apoptosis-related protein expression, activation of receptor for AGE (RAGE) protein expression, and suppression of the glyoxalase system. Furthermore, DK exhibited a stronger binding affinity for RAGE than AGE, which was confirmed as exerting a competitive inhibitory effect on the AGE–RAGE interaction. These results demonstrated that DK is a potential natural AGE inhibitor that can be utilized to prevent and treat AGE-induced diabetic nephropathy.
Video analysis for tower crane production rate estimation

Construction equipment production rates are considered an influential factor in construction projects’ success as 30–40% of construction cost overruns are attributed to insufficient equipment production rates. The tower crane is one of the heavy construction equipment, and its production rate has a huge impact on the construction project’s performance. Current estimations of the tower crane production rate on construction sites are not backed by a universally accepted and applicable methodology. However, vision-based technologies have been utilized recently for determining the production rates of construction equipment. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to develop a vision-based research framework (VRF) with a user-friendly interface for a practical and speedy measure of tower crane actual cycle time on construction sites. The software will be developed based on eight single object tracking detection free algorithms. Moreover, the VFR will be evaluated by measuring tower cranes’ cycle time in two case studies in Egypt. For each case study, five videos were recorded for the tower cranes. The cycle time in each video was measured by using manual inspection and by the VRF. The VRF achieved high accuracy in tracking the cycle time for the tower crane in the two case studies.
Taxonomic study on a collection of terrestrial and freshwater gastropods from caves in Bahia state, Brazil, with the description of a new species

Gastropod samples were collected during expeditions to caves in Bahia state, northeastern Brazil, and are studied herein. Collection took place over the past five years, and gastropods were found in 14 caves distributed across six different municipalities: Campo Formoso, Carinhanha, Coribe, Feira da Mata, Central, and Ituaçu. A total of 19 species-level taxa of terrestrial and freshwater gastropods (representing 10 families) were collected, including representatives of the taxa Neritimorpha, Caenogastropoda, Hygrophila, and Stylommatophora. A new species is described herein: Helicina marfisae sp. nov. (Neritimorpha, Helicinidae).
DS2MA: A Deep Learning-Based Spectrum Sensing Scheme for a Multi-Antenna Receiver

In this letter, we propose a novel deep learning-based spectrum sensing scheme using a multi-antenna receiver. Our main idea is constructing a correlation matrix composed of not only auto-correlation functions per each antenna but also cross-correlation functions between antennas. By using the rich informative matrix, with a simple convolutional neural network (CNN) structure, our model, DS2MA (Deep Spectrum Sensing with Multiple Antennas), can efficiently learn to detect the presence of a primary user (PU). In our extensive simulation results, DS2MA using only auto-correlation functions for each antenna can outperform previous related works. By adding cross-correlation functions together, DS2MA can significantly improve the detection performance. We also show the impact of impulsive noise and correlation coefficient. The simulation results show that the proposed DS2MA provides a higher detection probability compared to the existing works regardless of the impulsive noise impact and correlation coefficient.
Efficiency Optimization and Resilience Improvement in Wireless Motor System With Flexible DC-Link Voltage Regulation

This paper proposes a novel dc-link voltage regulation (DCVR) strategy for the series-series compensated wireless motor (SSWM) system. The steady-state voltage control is presented to optimize the system efficiency and the feedforward voltage boost control is proposed to improve system resilience. The rated capacity identification (RCI) scheme is proposed to design proper parameters for the SSWM system. To achieve steady-state voltage control, the system efficiency characteristic is analyzed in detail and the efficiency optimization can be achieved without an auxiliary dc/dc converter. The influence of impedance matching, the power capacity of the system, and overmodulation of the motor drive are all investigated. Then, the dynamic model of the system is established to analyze the stability of dc-link voltage. In the proposed feedforward voltage boost control, the dc-link voltage is boosted according to the motor operation state to increase the instantaneous power capacity. The dc-link voltage stability is improved and the system resilience is enhanced against power disturbance. Besides, at the end of the acceleration process, the dc-link voltage is smoothly adjusted to the optimal dc-link voltage. The effectiveness of the proposed RCI scheme and DCVR strategy is verified by experiments on a three-phase wireless permanent magnet synchronous motor platform.
On Measures of Entropy and Information

Let d' = (pI, P2, , pn,) be a finite discrete probability distribution, that is, suppose pk _ O(k = 1, 2, * , n) and t-l Pk = 1. The amount of uncertainty of the distribution (P, that is, the amount of uncertainty concerning the outcome of an experiment, the possible results of which have the probabilities PI, P2, * * * p,n, is called the entropy of the distribution (P and is usually measured by the quantity H[(P] = H(p1, P2, * * pn), introduced by Shannon [1] and defined by
Nonlinear pressure dependence of the elastic moduli of fused quartz up to 3 GPa

The elastic moduli of fused quartz have been determined by ultrasonic measurements under high hydrostatic compressive stress and showed a nonlinear decrease to a minimum value at 2.1–2.5 GPa, and thereafter an increase with increasing pressure. Changes in the Debye temperature and the Gruneisen constant are determined using the present results. Assuming a contribution of the fourth‐order elastic constants to the nonlinear dependence, C1111, C1112, C1122, and C1123 have been tentatively evaluated to be 11.0±1.0, 10.8±3.6, 22.7±11.1, and 8.6±2.0 TPa, respectively. However, the possibilities of a complicated potential curve or a higher‐order phase transition are also discussed.
High Hopes: Gender Trends in Educational Expectations for Graduate and Professional School, 1976-2019

ABSTRACT Educational expectations have increased over time, with greater increases among young women than men, yet research focused on expectations for post-baccalaureate degrees is limited. We investigate young men’s and women’s plans to attend graduate or professional school using Monitoring the Future data from 12th graders for 1976 to 2019, focusing on how academic performance and work and family values may be associated with post-baccalaureate expectations. We find that young women’s expectations for graduate or professional school began to exceed young men’s in the early 1990s and continued to do so afterward, although expectations for post-baccalaureate schooling declined some in recent years, especially among young men. Results also indicate that the gender gap over time is driven partially by more young women than men with B or lower average grades holding post-baccalaureate expectations. Work values may foster these high expectations, especially for lower-achieving young women. Finally, we examine whether post-baccalaureate expectations translate into higher attainments, and results suggest that higher-achieving students are better positioned to meet their post-baccalaureate expectations. Collectively, our findings suggest that sociocultural factors promoting women’s participation in the public sphere may encourage some young women to form high-level expectations that they are not academically equipped to meet.
A Pathway into Metaverse: Gesture Recognition Enabled by Wearable Resistive Sensors

Hand gesture recognition is of great importance for human–Metaverse interaction. The human hand is relatively smaller, with very complex articulations than the entire human body. Therefore, precise hand gesture recognition, especially in complicated environments, is still a great challenge. Wearable resistive sensors that could directly characterize joint movements are one of the most promising technologies for hand gesture recognition due to their easy integration, low cost, and simple signal acquisition. Here, we summarize common categories of wearable resistive sensors for hand gesture recognition and review the recent advances. Besides, common strategies for improving waterproofness (molecular design, material modification, and interfacial encapsulation) are also outlined. Perspectives on the advantages of combining machine vision and resistive sensors for accurate hand gesture recognition and dynamic hand gesture tracking are then provided. We hope this review could inspire future research in wearable technologies for human–Metaverse systems.
“Never Judge a Book by its Cover”-The socio-cultural aspects of non-epileptic seizures in India-A case study

”Health for All” will never be attained if sociocultural bias and pervasive hypocrisy are not eliminated. The patient mentioned in this case study had difficulty gaining access to health care for more than two decades. The seizure history was modified due to social pressure. The primary healthcare workers' ability to provide timely access to healthcare regardless of caste, religion, or gender, even in the most remote regions of the country, is of paramount importance. The patient was diagnosed with hypoparathyroidism and treated with calcium and vitamin D in high oral doses. The case also illustrates the significance of medical examination in preventing future difficulties in patients with presenile cataract.
A stochastic-dynamic model for the spatial structure of forecast error statistics

Abstract A simple model that yields the spatial correlation structure of global atmospheric mass-field forecast errors is derived. The model states that the relative potential vorticity of the forecast error is forced by spatially multi-dimensional white noise. The forecast error equation contains a nondimensional parameter c0, which depends on the Rossby radius of deformation. From this stochastic-dynamic equation, a deterministic equation for the spatial covariance function of the 500 mb geopotential error field is obtained. Three methods of solution are examined: 1) an analytic method based on spherical harmonics, 2) a numerical method based on stratified sampling of Monte-Carlo realizations of the stochastic-dynamic equation, and 3) a combined analytic-numerical method based on two successive applications of a fast Poisson solver to the deterministic covariance equation. The three methods are compared for accuracy and efficiency, and the third (combined) method is found to be clearly superior. The mod.
Junction size effect on switching current and thermal stability in CoFeB/MgO perpendicular magnetic tunnel junctions

Junction size dependence of critical current (IC0) for spin transfer torque switching and thermal stability factor (E/kBT) was examined in CoFeB/MgO perpendicular magnetic tunnel junctions (p-MTJs). The IC0 increased with increasing recording layer area (Srec). On the other hand, the E/kBT showed almost constant values even though the Srec was increased from ∼1500 nm2 (44 nmφ) to ∼5000 nm2 (76 nmφ). Both IC0 and E/kBT behavior can be explained with assuming that the nucleation type magnetization reversal takes place in CoFeB/MgO p-MTJs.
Asymmetric ground state spin configuration of transverse domain wall on symmetrically notched ferromagnetic nanowires

We report that a ground state spin configuration around a notch of ferromagnetic nanowires can have either symmetric or asymmetric transverse domain wall structure depending on the notch geometry by means of micromagnetic simulation with a systematic variation in the notch aspect ratio. An asymmetric off-centered domain wall configuration becomes stable for a certain range of the notch aspect ratio.
MODELING TREND AND TIME-VARYING VARIANCE OF HEART BEAT RR INTERVALS DURING STRESS TEST

The heart beat RR intervals extracted from the electrocardiogram recorded during the stress test show a non stationary profile consisting of a decreasing trend during the exercise phase, an increasing trend during the recovery and a global minimum (acme). In addition this time series exhibits a time-varying variance. We decompose the series into a deterministic trend and random fluctuation. The trend is obtained as an exponential fit of the data; the fluctuation is modeled as a mean reverting process driven by the trend, in which the random innovation has a time-varying variance. Data analysis, performed on ambulatory recorded electrocardiograms of 10 healthy subjects, shows that the model describes correctly the data series on a scale of at least 300 beats.
Research and implementation of a large telescope control system based on wireless smart sensors

Telescope Control System (TCS) becomes more and more complexity, especially the large telescope control system of force actuators for deformed mirror and position actuators for modifiable degrees of mirrors. It is very difficult to connect thousands of sensors, actuators and controller with wired link. This paper presented a large telescope control system based on wireless smart sensor (WLTCS), connecting wireless sensors and controllers with wireless link, employing the TCP/IP protocol as communication protocol. Polling access can overcome contention and guarantee every sensor to communicate with controller in time; using intelligent control methods when some channels are interfered, multi-hop wireless paths can improve throughput and performance. The analysis and simulation indicate that WLTCS can greatly reduce complex of implementation and improve communication performance.
Non‐ignorable missing covariate data in survival analysis: a case‐study of an International Breast Cancer Study Group trial

Summary. Non‐ignorable missing data, a serious problem in both clinical trials and observational studies, can lead to biased inferences. Quality‐of‐life measures have become increasingly popular in clinical trials. However, these measures are often incompletely observed, and investigators may suspect that missing quality‐of‐life data are likely to be non‐ignorable. Although several recent references have addressed missing covariates in survival analysis, they all required the assumption that missingness is at random or that all covariates are discrete. We present a method for estimating the parameters in the Cox proportional hazards model when missing covariates may be non‐ignorable and continuous or discrete. Our method is useful in reducing the bias and improving efficiency in the presence of missing data. The methodology clearly specifies assumptions about the missing data mechanism and, through sensitivity analysis, helps investigators to understand the potential effect of missing data on study results.
Penerapan Metode Life Cycle Assessment Pada Produksi Baja Canai Dingin di PT. XYZ

PT XYZ is a company engaged in the production of cold rolled steel. The purpose of this study is to select materials, calculate the amount of waste produced by cold rolled steel. The method used in this research is Life Cycle Assessment. This method is carried out with the aim and scope of the research, then conducts an inventory analysis followed by an assessment of the resulting impact, ending with providing alternatives to improve the results. Through this LCA analysis, it can be seen that the largest percentage generated from the production process is greenhouse gas emissions of 5,964 in 2018, 6,216.0 in 2019, and 6,132 in 2020 Then the liquid waste is 111.51 each year because the use of the volume of water used is fixed at 216,000 L. In addition, there is also acidification produced from the production process with contributing as much as 57.5 eq in 2018, 59.9 , and 59.1 in 2020. also contributed to acidification of 29.6 in 2018, 30.8 eq in 2019, and 30.4 eq in 2020. Another method that can be used is the Standard Adesi method, but this method is sought for other types of waste. PT XYZ adalah sebuah perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang produksi baja canai dingin. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi pemilihan material, menghitung besaran limbah hasil produksi baja canai dingin. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Life Cycle Assessment. Metode ini dilakukan dengan menentukan goal and scope dari penelitian, kemudian melakukan inventory analysis yang dilanjutkan dengan penilaian dari dampak yang dihasilkan, yang diakhiri dengan memberikan alternatif guna memperbaiki hasil. Melalui analisis LCA ini dapat diketahui bahwa persentase terbesar yang dihasilkan dari proses produksi tersebut adalah emisi gas rumah kaca sebesar 5,964 pada tahun 2018, 6,216,0 pada tahun 2019, dan 6,132 pada tahun 2020. Kemudian limbah cair sebesar 111,51 tiap tahun karena penggunaan volume air yang digunakan tetap yaitu sebesar 216.000 L. Selain itu ada juga asidifikasi yang dihasilkan dari proses produksi tersebut dengan menyumbang sebesar 57,5 pada tahun 2018, 59,9 , dan 59,1 pada tahun 2020. juga ikut menyumbang asidifikasi sebesar 29,6 pada tahun 2018, 30,8 pada tahun 2019, dan 30,4 pada tahun 2020. Adapun metode lain yang dapat digunakan adalah metode Adesi Standar, namun metode ini diperuntukkan untuk limbah jenis lain.
Conserved Structure Associated with Different 3′CITEs Is Important for Translation of Umbraviruses

The cap-independent translation of plus-strand RNA plant viruses frequently depends on 3′ structures to attract translation initiation factors that bind ribosomal subunits or bind directly to ribosomes. Umbraviruses are excellent models for studying 3′ cap-independent translation enhancers (3′CITEs), as umbraviruses can have different 3′CITEs in the central region of their lengthy 3′UTRs, and most also have a particular 3′CITE (the T-shaped structure or 3′TSS) near their 3′ ends. We discovered a novel hairpin just upstream of the centrally located (known or putative) 3′CITEs in all 14 umbraviruses. These CITE-associated structures (CASs) have conserved sequences in their apical loops and at the stem base and adjacent positions. In 11 umbraviruses, CASs are preceded by two small hairpins joined by a putative kissing loop interaction (KL). Converting the conserved 6-nt apical loop to a GNRA tetraloop in opium poppy mosaic virus (OPMV) and pea enation mosaic virus 2 (PEMV2) enhanced translation of genomic (g)RNA, but not subgenomic (sg)RNA reporter constructs, and significantly repressed virus accumulation in Nicotiana benthamiana. Other alterations throughout OPMV CAS also repressed virus accumulation and only enhanced sgRNA reporter translation, while mutations in the lower stem repressed gRNA reporter translation. Similar mutations in the PEMV2 CAS also repressed accumulation but did not significantly affect gRNA or sgRNA reporter translation, with the exception of deletion of the entire hairpin, which only reduced translation of the gRNA reporter. OPMV CAS mutations had little effect on the downstream BTE 3′CITE or upstream KL element, while PEMV2 CAS mutations significantly altered KL structures. These results introduce an additional element associated with different 3′CITEs that differentially affect the structure and translation of different umbraviruses.