Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
(3,5-Di-tert-butyl-2-ethoxybenzylidene)[2-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)ethyl]amine

The angles within the benzene ring in the title compound, C30H49N3O, ranging from 116.34 (16) to 124.18 (16)°, reflect the presence of electron-donating and electron-withdrawing substituents. The angles at the two electron-donating tert-butyl substituents are smaller than 120°, at the electron-withdrawing ethoxy substituent larger than 120°, and at the imine substituent equal to 119.59 (16)°. The latter does not reflect the electron-donating nature of the imine group due to the presence of other substituents.
Long-Term Heart Rate Reduction Induced by the Selective If Current Inhibitor Ivabradine Improves Left Ventricular Function and Intrinsic Myocardial Structure in Congestive Heart Failure

Background—Heart rate reduction (HRR) improves left ventricular (LV) filling, increases myocardial O2 supply, and reduces myocardial O2 consumption, which are all beneficial in congestive heart failure (CHF). However, the long-term effects of HRR on cardiac function and remodeling are unknown. Methods and Results—We assessed, in rats with CHF, the effects of long-term HRR induced by the selective If current inhibitor ivabradine (as food admix for 90 days starting 7 days after coronary artery ligation). To assess intrinsic modifications of LV tissue induced by long-term HRR, all parameters were reassessed 3 days after interruption of treatment. Ivabradine decreased heart rate over the 90-day treatment period (−18% versus untreated at 10 mg · kg−1 · d−1), without modifying blood pressure, LV end-diastolic pressure, or dP/dtmax/min. Ivabradine significantly reduced LV end-systolic but not end-diastolic diameter, which resulted in preserved cardiac output due to increased stroke volume. In the Langendorff preparation, ivabradine shifted LV systolic but not end-diastolic pressure-volume relations to the left. Ivabradine decreased LV collagen density and increased LV capillary density without modifying LV weight. Three days after interruption of treatment, the effects of ivabradine on LV geometry, shortening, and stroke volume persisted despite normalization of heart rate. Conclusions—In rats with CHF, long-term HRR induced by the selective If inhibitor ivabradine improves LV function and increases stroke volume, preserving cardiac output despite the HRR. The improvement of cardiac function is related not only to the HRR per se but also to modifications in the extracellular matrix and/or function of myocytes as a consequence of long-term HRR.
Total laparoscopic hysterectomy of very enlarged uterus (3030 g): case report and review of the literature

Fibromatosis is the most frequent benign uterine pathology of fertile women, rarely causing anomalous enlargement of the uterus. Traditionally the surgical treatment has been abdominal hysterectomy. However, development of minimally invasive techniques has led to major safeness of the laparoscopic route. We report a case of total laparoscopic hysterectomy performed on a uterus weighting more than 3,000 g and present a review of the literature about the laparoscopic approach to very enlarged uteri.
Videos in clinical medicine. Orotracheal intubation.

N Engl J Med 2007;356:e15. Copyright © 2007 Massachusetts Medical Society. INDICATIONS Orotracheal intubation is indicated in any situation that requires definitive control of the airway. Orotracheal intubation is commonly performed to facilitate control of the airway in a patient undergoing general anesthesia. It is also performed as part of the care of critically ill patients with multisystem disease or injuries. Emergency indications include cardiac or respiratory arrest, failure to protect the airway from aspiration, inadequate oxygenation or ventilation, and existing or anticipated airway obstruction.
Regimes próprios de previdência e entidades fechadas de previdência complementar: o caso do Fundo de Previdência do Estado de Minas Gerais Self pension funds and complementary pension entities: the case of the State of Minas Gerais Pension Fund

A reforma da previdencia do setor publico tem ocupado lugar de destaque em debates politicos e tecnicos e comeca a motivar estudos academicos mais aprofundados. A importância do tema decorre dos deficits cronicos que essa reforma tem gerado para o sistema previdenciario como um todo e do fato de que esses deficits representam restricao importante a priorizacao adequada dos recursos e dos investimentos publicos. Dentre as medidas estruturais que vem sendo adotadas, destacam-se as que tem mobilizado Estados e municipios – inclusive Minas Gerais – pa-ra constituir fundos que migrem do sistema de reparticao para o de capitalizacao, visando um equilibrio atuarial que va aos poucos minorando o deficit, ate uma situacao ideal em que o problema seja equacionado. Aplicando a tecnica da fronteira eficiente de Markowitz (1952), este estudo analisa o efeito das restricoes impostas pela legislacao regulatoria a montagem de portfolios de ativos, considerando tres paradigmas: uma carteira livre de restricoes, uma carteira de um regime proprio de previdencia publica – submetido a Resolucao 2.652/99 – e uma carteira de uma entidade fechada de previdencia complementar – submetida a Resolucao 3.121/03. Os resultados obtidos e sua confrontacao com um estudo de caso do Fundo de Previdencia do Estado de Minas Gerais – Funpemg –, revelam pontos importantes a ser observados tanto por gestores como por legisladores e demais stakeholders envolvidos.
Fusion of dysfunction muscle stem cells with myofibers induces sarcopenia in mice

Sarcopenia, or age-associated muscle atrophy, is a progressive condition which affects ∼10-30% of the human geriatric population (1, 2). A number of contributors to sarcopenia have been proposed, including the progressive loss of muscle stem cells (MuSCs) with age. However, studies in mice have provided evidence that MuSC depletion is not sufficient to induce sarcopenia (3, 4). We recently showed that in response to age-associated mitochondrial damage, MuSCs self-remove by fusing with neighboring myofibers, which depletes the stem cell population of damaged progenitors (5). Here, we show that MuSC-myofiber fusion is sufficient to initiate myofiber atrophy in mice, which limits their motor function and lifespan. Conversely, inhibition of MuSC-myofiber fusion blocks myofiber atrophy with age, with a concomitant increase in the maximum lifespan of animals. These findings suggest a model where the accumulation fusion of damaged MuSCs with adult myofibers is a key driving feature of sarcopenia, and resolves the findings that MuSC depletion on its own does not initiate myofiber atrophy.
RECOVERY POTENTIAL ASSESSMENT OF PURE NATIVE 1 WESTSLOPE CUTTHROAT TROUT, ALBERTA POPULATION

In November 2006, the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC) designated the Alberta population of Westslope Cutthroat Trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi) as Threatened because the pure native, non-stocked, populations had been reduced by almost 80% as a result of over-exploitation, habitat degradation and hybridization/competition with introduced non-native trout (COSEWIC 2006). Remaining pure Westslope Cutthroat Trout persist mainly as severely fragmented, remnant headwater populations in southwestern Alberta, primarily in the upper South Saskatchewan River drainage (Bow and Oldman rivers).
T Cell Response + CD8Broad and Polyfunctional Human Memory The Yellow Fever Virus Vaccine Induces a

The live yellow fever vaccine (YF-17D) offers a unique opportunity to study memory CD8 (cid:1) T cell differentiation in humans following an acute viral infection. We have performed a comprehensive analysis of the virus-speciﬁc CD8 (cid:1) T cell response using overlapping peptides spanning the entire viral genome. Our results showed that the YF-17D vaccine induces a broad CD8 (cid:1) T cell response targeting several epitopes within each viral protein. We identiﬁed a dominant HLA-A2-restricted epitope in the NS4B protein and used tetramers speciﬁc for this epitope to track the CD8 (cid:1) T cell response over a 2 year period. This longitudinal analysis showed the following. 1) Memory CD8 (cid:1) T cells appear to pass through an effector phase and then gradually down-regulate expression of activation markers and effector molecules. 2) This effector phase was characterized by down-regulation of CD127, Bcl-2, CCR7, and CD45RA and was followed by a substantial contraction resulting in a pool of memory T cells that re-expressed CD127, Bcl-2, and CD45RA. 3) These memory cells were polyfunctional in terms of degranulation and production of the cytokines IFN- (cid:2) , TNF- (cid:3) , IL-2, and MIP-1 (cid:4) . 4) The YF-17D-speciﬁc memory CD8 (cid:1) T cells had a phenotype (CCR7 (cid:5)
A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Nursing Practice : Focus on

Copyright © 2007 American Heart Association. All rights reserved. Print ISSN: 0009-7322. Online 72514 Circulation is published by the American Heart Association. 7272 Greenville Avenue, Dallas, TX DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107. 184595 published online Jun 25, 2007; Circulation Williams Helden, Joyce Ross, Barbara A. Dennison, Julia Steinberger and Christine L. Laura L. Hayman, Janet C. Meininger, Stephen R. Daniels, Brian W. McCrindle, Liz on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism Cardiovascular Nursing, Council on Epidemiology and Prevention, and Council of the Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, Council on Association Committee on Atherosclerosis, Hypertension, and Obesity in Youth Children and Youth. A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Nursing Practice: Focus on http://circ.ahajournals. org located on the World Wide Web at: The online version of this article, along with updated information and services, is
Porosity of sediments in accretionary prisms and some implications for dewatering processes

Rapid dewatering, largely through loss of porosity, is one of the most striking changes affecting deformed sediments in accretionary prisms. Analysis of porosity from sample and seismic data confirms that porosity in accretionary prisms is significantly less than that in basinal strata of similar lithology. More specifically, the porosity depth gradient increases arcward across the prism, until porosities less than 10% occur within a few kilometers of the surface. In deeper parts of the prism, dewatering and volume reduction occur not only during loss of porosity but also during dehydration and metamorphic reactions. Calculations involving volume change lead us to define a function, Γ, which reflects total volume reduction. The distribution of the relative intensity of dewatering within the prism can be calculated from the porosity contours and trajectories of sediment elements. An initial attempt indicates that in the toe region the rate of dewatering is accelerated at depth relative to the basinal section and may be greatest near the base of the prism. Toward the rear of the prism the maximum rate of dewatering occurs at progressively shallower depths. Several lines of evidence suggest that, in addition to gradual diffuse dewatering, localized zones of strong dewatering are associated with zones of intense shear. This model of shear dewatering, based on critical state soil mechanics, suggests that sediments adjacent to the basal decollement should be strongly dewatered.
Determinants of U.S. Textile and Apparel Trade

A gravity model using panel data is applied to determine factors affecting textiles and apparel trade flows into the United States. The study confirms that a nation's aggregate output and per unit productivity serve as important determinants of textiles and apparel trade into the U.S., and the exporting country's depreciating exchange rate as well as its lower prices relative to U.S. prices for textiles and apparel play an important role in determining textiles and apparel trade flows to the U.S. market. Since the WTO's multilateral trade restraining policies of the multi-fibre arrangement (MFA) is found to have slowed down imports, its abrogation in 2005 should lead to greater textiles and apparel imports to the U.S.
Toxicological profile for lead

This toxicological profile is prepared in accordance with guidelines developed by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The original guidelines were published in the Federal Register on April 17, 1987. Each profile will be revised and republished as necessary. The ATSDR toxicological profile succinctly characterizes the toxicologic and adverse health effects information for these toxic substances described therein. Each peer-reviewed profile identifies and reviews the key literature that describes a substance's toxicologic properties. Other pertinent literature is also presented, but is described in less detail than the key studies. The profile is not intended to be an exhaustive document; however, more comprehensive sources of specialty information are referenced. CAS# 7439-92-1
Too Young to Leave the Nest: The Effects of School Starting Age

Does it matter when a child starts school? While the popular press seems to suggest it does, there is limited evidence of a long-run effect of school starting age on student outcomes. This paper uses data on the population of Norway to examine the role of school starting age on longer-run outcomes such as IQ scores at age 18, educational attainment, teenage pregnancy, and earnings. Unlike much of the recent literature, we are able to separate school starting age from test age effects using scores from IQ tests taken outside of school, at the time of military enrolment, and measured when students are around age 18. Importantly, there is variation in the mapping between year and month of birth and the year the test is taken, allowing us to distinguish the effects of school starting age from pure age effects. We find evidence for a small positive effect of starting school younger on IQ scores measured at age 18. In contrast, we find evidence of much larger positive effects of age at test, and these results are very robust. We also find that starting school younger has a significant positive effect on the probability of teenage pregnancy, but has little effect on educational attainment of boys or girls. There appears to be a short-run positive effect on earnings of beginning school at a younger age; however, this effect has essentially disappeared by age 30. This pattern is consistent with the idea that starting school later reduces potential labor market experience at a given age for a given level of education; however, this becomes less important as individuals age.
Integrating Land Financing into Subnational Fiscal Management

Land assets have become an important source of financing capital investments by subnational governments in developing countries. Land assets, often with billions of dollars per transaction, rival and sometimes surpass subnational borrowing or fiscal transfers for capital spending. While reducing the uncertainty surrounding future debt repayment capacity, the use of land-based revenues for financing infrastructure can entail substantial fiscal risks. Land sales often involve less transparency than borrowing. Many sales are conducted off-budget, which makes it easier to divert proceeds into operating budgets. Capital revenues from sales of land assets exert a much more volatile trend and could create an incentive to appropriate auction proceeds for financing the operating budget, particularly in times of budget shortfalls during economic downturns. Furthermore, land collateral and expected future land-value appreciation for bank loans can be linked with macroeconomic risks. It is critical to develop ex ante prudential rules comparable to those governing borrowing, to reduce fiscal risks and the contingent liabilities associated with the land-based revenues for financing infrastructure.
The impact of broken psychological contracts on knowledge sharing and the role of communities of practice as mediators

This paper approaches the issue of violated trust theoretically from an intra-organisational perspective. Trust is a key component of psychological contracts that vastly influence the behaviour and commitment of employees. The existing concept of (broken) psychological contracts as suggested by Raja and his colleagues (2004) has been chosen as the basis for a new conceptual model. They introduced the feeling of violation as the decisive factor whether or not broken psychological contracts cause negative organisational behaviour. There are still only a few studies that address the situational context surrounding a psychological contract and its violation although previous research clearly points in this direction. This paper expands the notion of Raja et al. (2004) by including communities of practice as a potential element to leverage the negative consequences of broken psychological contracts and to eventually overcome the feelings of violation. Communities of practice represent an important contextual variable. Within organisations, violations of the psychological contract between employees and management have been identified as an important component undermining trust. As companies are facing an increasingly competitive environment, the internal organisational atmosphere is likely to change – potentially resulting in unwillingly breaking the psychological contract and causing feelings of violation. As trust in the organisation is lost, voluntary social groupings such as communities of practice are likely to become more prominent as intra-organisational shelters. They foster both trust and knowledge sharing. As knowledge has widely been acknowledged to be a core competitive capability for organisations, knowledge sharing can be interpreted as a highly desirable organisational behaviour with potential impact on a company’s competitiveness. The epistemological perspective of knowledge as a social construct is adopted for this paper as it allows for an integration of all theoretical concepts. In sum, this paper argues theoretically that communities of practice can mediate between the feelings of violation and a corresponding undesirable organisational behaviour, i.e. reduced knowledge sharing. * corresponding author; email: anke.unselt@ebs.de; address: Strascheg Center for Entrepreneurship, Schachenmeierstrasse 35, 80636 Munich, Germany
Biogenic alteration of volcanic glass from the Troodos ophiolite, Cyprus

Alteration of basaltic glass through the entire volcanic sequence of the Troodos ophiolite is partly bio-mediated. The following observations support this conclusion: alteration textures resembling microbes in form and size; altered glass locally shows high carbon concentrations at the alteration front and organic remains. The absence of DNA suggests that the bio-alteration is a fossil process. Temperatures calculated from δ18O of carbonate, assumed to have been in equilibrium with seawater, yield 27–65°C, and δ18Osilicate versus H2O relationships indicate seawater alteration. These data are consistent with biogenic alteration during an early stage of ocean-floor alteration of the Troodos oceanic crust some 70–90 Ma ago.
LOW COST SOLUTIONS FOR DENSE POINT CLOUDS OF SMALL OBJECTS: PHOTOMODELER SCANNER VS. DAVID LASERSCANNER

The study of archaeological artifacts requires a great care for the object. Current technologies allow the study of the object scanned in three dimensions. Hence, the digitization of objects has almost become compulsory for simplicity of study and analysis. For each scale of objects, dedicated hardware equipments exist oftentimes at important costs. Among others, scanning arms, handheld scanners, triangulation scanners, terrestrial laser scanners offer a wide variety of possibilities to produce 3D data. However, the question of cost is central in the field of archaeological research. That is probably why the technology is not widely spread in the community. Besides, the question of knowhow is also an important issue. Despite the appearances, a 3D digitization project is not so easy to carry out. Hence a low cost solution susceptible of being operated with reasonable effort could contribute to popularize 3D acquisition tools. In our study, we focus particularly on two solutions: David Laserscanner and PhotoModeler Scanner. Both systems come from two different techniques: laser scanning and photogrammetry. They can both produce dense clouds of points of small objects. Our comparison is completed according to several criteria. The most important criterion is undoubtedly accuracy; it is therefore significant to quantify the ability to produce a reliable point cloud. To compare the point clouds obtained with both systems, we use a point cloud provided by an arm scanner whose accuracy is less than 1/10th of a millimeter. As a second important criterion the maximum spatial resolution reachable for a specified hardware configuration is obtained by the optimization of the acquisition parameters. Acquisition is often repetitive and on site. Ergonomics of systems is also important to evaluate. The interface can be divided into two parts: hardware and software. It is the combination of the two phases of acquisition and processing which will take into account of the general ergonomics of the systems.
Tide‐induced recirculation across the aquifer‐ocean interface

A parametric analysis is conducted to examine the influence of tides, inland hydraulic conditions, and aquifer properties on the rate of tide‐induced seawater recirculation through the nearshore aquifer. Understanding such influence is crucial for accurate prediction of subsurface chemical fluxes to coastal waters via groundwater discharge. The analysis is based on numerical simulations of density‐dependent groundwater flow in a coastal aquifer subject to tidal oscillations across a sloping beach face. The results reveal that the amplitude of tidal oscillations and the inland hydraulic gradient are the primary parameters controlling the tide‐induced recirculation rates. Significant tidal exchange is expected when the ratio of tidal to inland forcing is large. The horizontal tidal shoreline excursion and aquifer depth both display asymptotic behavior, influencing recirculation rates for only small values where the exchange process is limited by the potential for infiltration and shallowness of the aquifer, respectively. The analysis also indicates that tidal effects increase density‐driven recirculation rates due to enhanced convective flow within the saltwater wedge.
Price Setting in the Euro Area: Some Stylized Facts from Individual Consumer Price Data

This paper documents patterns of price setting at the retail level in the euro area, summarized in six stylized facts. First, the average euro area monthly frequency of price adjustment is 15 p.c. , compared to about 25 p.c. in the US. Second, the frequency of price changes is characterized by substantial cross product heterogeneity - prices of oil and unprocessed food products change very often, while price adjustments are less frequent for processed food, non energy industrial goods and services. Third, cross country heterogeneity exists but is less pronounced. Fourth, price decreases are not uncommon. Fifth, price increases and decreases are sizeable compared to aggregate and sectoral inflation rates. Sixth, price changes are not highly synchronized across retailers. Moreover, the frequency of price changes in the euro area is related to several factors, such as seasonality, outlet type, indirect taxation, pricing practices as well as aggregate or product specific inflation.