Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Polarimetry from the stratosphere with SPIDER and BLASTPol

Polarimetry from the Stratosphere with Spider and BLASTPol Jamil Aly Shariff Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics University of Toronto 2015 This thesis presents the hardware development and flight performance of two balloonborne experiments. The Spider experiment is a millimetre-wavelength polarimeter designed to measure B-mode polarization in the Cosmic Microwave Background at degree scales. This pattern is the imprint of the primordial gravitational waves predicted to have been produced by inflation. The BLASTPol experiment is a submillimetre-wavelength polarimeter designed to measure the linearly-polarized emission from aligned dust grains in Galactic molecular clouds, inferring the directions of the magnetic fields there. One goal of this measurement is to understand the role of magnetic fields in the earliest stages of star formation. Spider had a Long-Duration Balloon flight around Antarctica in January 2015. BLASTPol had two such flights, in December 2010 and 2012. Analysis of Spider data is underway. Results of BLASTPol 2012 data analysis are presented herein. The design and performance of the Spider pointing control system is presented. A new pivot motor control mode was developed, in which the servo drive controlled motor velocity, not current. This mode enabled sinusoidal azimuth scans at a peak speed of 5 deg/s, with a peak acceleration of 0.5 deg·s−2, in flight. The pointing stability in flight was 1′′ to 2′′ RMS. A new elevation drive system was designed and built for Spider. The Spider observing strategy is presented. It enabled observation of a 10% patch of sky, avoiding the sun and Galactic plane, with uniform coverage in declination, and
The impact of financial development on the manufacturing industry in resource-rich countries: Empirical evidence from Azerbaijan

The study is devoted to assessing the causal relationship between financial development and economic growth in the manufacturing sector of Azerbaijan, a country rich in oil and gas resources. The study covers quarterly data from 2005-2021. The Johansen co-integration test and the Toda-Yamamota test are used to analyze temporal and causal characteristics between indicators. The results showed that there is no co-integration between financial development and growth in the long run. Along with this, no evidence was found indicating the presence of a causal relationship between variables in the short run. The results show that increased credit availability does not necessarily positively impact productivity and capital growth in the manufacturing sector. At the same time, the growth of loans contributes more to the growth of imports than to the growth of domestic production. The hypothesis about the negative impact of the "resource curse" on financial development is confirmed by financial market development in Azerbaijan, which makes it difficult to assess the securities market's impact on manufacturing sector growth. Research on the institutional aspects of financial regulation and finding ways to increase the relative attractiveness of the manufacturing sectors could provide more detailed recommendations to improve the effectiveness of financial instruments.
PRE DIET'S EFFECTIVENESS ON WHITE LEGHORN LAYERS' PERFORMANCE

The first experiment was carried out on 180 White Leghorn pullets that were 16 weeks old, housed in individual cages of the California type, and randomly assigned to each of the six prelay feeding strategies (kcal ME per kg /%CP /%Ca) during 16-18 weeks of age. These strategies were as follows: T0 (BIS control-2500/16.0/1.0), T1 (2700/16.0/1.0), T2 (2700/16.0/2.0), T3 (2700/16. The second experiment was carried out on 180 White Leghorn pullets that were sixteen weeks old. These pullets were housed in individual cages of the California type and were randomly assigned to each of the six-layer diet feeding strategies (kcal ME per kg /%CP /%Ca) during 19-40 weeks of age. These strategies were designated as follows: T0 (BIS control-2600/18.0/3.0), T1 (2500/18.0/3.0), T2 (2500/18.
Android Based Smart Healthcare Application

– The aim of this system is to create a mental health system. In this project, try to understand the psychology of the user, find out if he is suffering and then show the steps they can take to get out of the current situation. Users answer some questions and show them activities based on their answers, and we collect information about their emotions to display on the dashboard. All over the world, mental illness is common. However, there is a global shortage of human resources to provide mental health services. Leaving people with mental illness untreated can lead to suicide attempts and death. In this study, Chabot, an integrated mobile application that uses cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) method to support mental health in the management of emotions and feelings, thoughts and feelings is presented. It uses natural language processing to determine the user's needs by understanding language and dictionary operations only. Through this app, appropriate measures such as activities or awareness can be suggested based on thoughts.
Forecasting of claim by combining probability distributions

Purpose- The purpose of this study is to focus on forecasting the total claim distribution of fire-disaster and transportation insurances by combining probabilities of claim distribution using the data for 2014 and 2015. Methodology- In this study, the combination of Weibull and Gamma distributions of fire-disaster and transport policies are discussed. By combining two different probability density function (PDF), a single PDF is derived and thus it is aimed to provide convenience in calculations. Findings - Two probability distributions were combined with mathematical methods. As a result, a single probability density function was obtained. This probability density function can represent the total claim distribution. Conclusion- In conclusion, we used the data regarding fire-disaster and transportation insurances for 2014 and 2015. Insurance firms that offer these two policies to their customers need to determine their risk taking into consideration the total claim distribution from the policies. Since Weibull and Gamma distributions have a PDF, it is necessary to integrate the multiplication of the characteristic functions for combining these two distributions. The PDF obtained as a result of mathematical operations is the PDF of the total claim distribution.
Efficient Radius Search for Adaptive Foveal Sizing Mechanism in Collaborative Foveated Rendering Framework

—Collaborative Foveated Rendering (CFR) is the latest collaborative rendering framework proposed to enable high frame rate VR applications on mobile devices. Compared with the strategies adopted in conventional collaborative rendering, the pixel-based Adaptive Foveal Sizing (AFS) mechanism in CFR offers a more flexible and intelligent workload trade-off by predicting the radius. However, the performance of the AFS mechanism in actual deployment depends on its adaptability to two factors, including the Sudden Environmental Variations (SEV) and the Random Discrete Latency (RDL). Guaranteeing the performance of the AFS mechanism by adapting to these two factors is of great significance to guaranteeing users’ immersive experience. This paper identifies the existence of the SEV and RDL phenomenon in the AFS mechanism for the first time, and contributes the first method that offers the effective and real-time AFS mechanism implementation for the practical deployment, namely the Efficient Radius Search (ERS). The ERS method efficiently searches the largest radius online that controls the rendering workload within the foveated layer just below the offline baked threshold, thereby achieving the immediate response to SEV and reducing the oscillating frame rendering latency led by RDL. Through the experiments on 3 VR applications and 4 mobile devices, the resulting 2.44 × to 9.07 × higher frame rate precision compared with the state-of-the-art method demonstrate the superiority of the ERS method.
A Novel Digital OTA Topology With 66-dB DC Gain and 12.3-kHz Bandwidth

This brief introduces an enhanced digital OTA topology which allows increasing the DC gain thanks to the adoption of an inverter-based output stage. Moreover, a new equivalent small-signal model is proposed which allows to simplify the circuit analysis and paves the way to new frequency compensation strategies. Designed using a 28-nm standard CMOS technology and working at 0.3-V power supply, post-layout simulations show a 66-dB gain and a 12.3-kHz gain bandwidth product while driving a 250-pF capacitive load. As compared to other ultra-low-voltage OTAs in literature, an increase of small and large signal performance, respect to area occupation, equal to 4.6X and 1.5X, respectively, is obtained.
A faithful functor among algebras and graphs

The problem of identifying a functor between the categories of algebras and graphs is currently open. Based on a known algorithm that identifies isomorphisms of Latin squares with isomorphism of vertex-colored graphs, we describe here a pair of graphs that enable us to find a faithful functor between finite-dimensional algebras over finite fields and these graphs.
PROBING STAR FORMATION IN ULTRALUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES USING AKARI NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY

We performed systematic observations of the H i Br α line (4.05 µ m) in 51 nearby ( z< 0.3) ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs), using AKARI near-infrared spectroscopy. The Br α line is predicted to be the brightest among the H i recombination lines in ULIRGs with visual extinction higher than 15 mag. We detected the Br α line in 33 ULIRGs. In these galaxies, the relative contribution of starburst to the total infrared luminosity ( L IR ) is estimated on the basis of the ratio of the Br α line luminosity ( L Br α ) to L IR . The mean L Br α /L IR ratio in LINERs or Seyferts is signiﬁcantly lower ( ∼ 50%) than that in H ii galaxies. This result indicates that active galactic nuclei contribute signiﬁcantly ( ∼ 50%) to L IR in LINERs, as well as Seyferts. We also estimate the absolute contribution of starburst to L IR using the ratio of star formation rates (SFRs) derived from L Br α (SFR Br α ) and those needed to explain L IR (SFR IR ). The mean SFR Br α / SFR IR ratio is only 0.33 even in H ii galaxies, where starburst is supposed to dominate the luminosity. We attribute this apparently low SFR Br α / SFR IR ratio to the absorption of ionizing photons by dust within H ii regions.
Behavior of Lagrange‐Galerkin solutions to the Navier‐Stokes problem for small time increment

We consider two kinds of numerical quadrature formulas of Gauss type and Newton‐Cotes type, which are required in the real computation of Lagrange–Galerkin scheme for the Navier–Stokes problem. The Lagrange–Galerkin scheme with numerical quadrature, which has been used practically but not fully analyzed, is proved to be convergent at least for Gauss type quadrature under a condition on the time increment. As for the scheme with Newton‐Cotes type quadrature, it has more smooth convergent property than that of Gauss type, whose reason is discussed.
Pan-TRK immunohistochemistry as a tool in the screening for NTRK gene fusions in cancer patients

Therapy with TRK inhibitors is a tumor-agnostic treatment directed against specific molecular changes rather than cancer type. NTRK fusions are rare in most prevalent cancers, accounting for less than 0.5% of cases. However, there is a group of rare cancers in which NTRK fusion is more prevalent. These include secretory carcinoma of the breast and salivary gland, childhood sarcomas, such as infantile fibrosarcoma, and cellular and mixed con - genital mesoblastic nephroblastoma. The most common rearrangement pertains to NTRK3 and the most common fusion gene is ETV6 . Identifying patients with NTRK gene fusions who would likely benefit from targeted therapy with TRK inhibitors requires practical diagnostic tools and an appropriate management strategy of diagnostic trajectory. The fusions can be detected by molecular biology techniques or pan-TRK immunohistochemistry. The latter detects NTRK1/2/3 gene fusions independently of the resulting fusion gene but does not determine which of them has been rearranged or what the fusion partner is. The sensitivity and specificity of the method reach 97% and 100%, respectively. Other advantages include the relatively low cost, short duration of examination, and broad accessibility of immunohistochemistry laboratories. These characteristics make this method a useful screening tool for detecting patients with NTRK gene fusions.
A traget tracking method combining multi-level sparse representation and metric learning

Traget tracking methods based on the sparse representation mostly apply a template update strategy based on the fixed threshold which is difficult to adapt to the changing shape of target. In addition, sparse representation is inadequate in capturing the manifold structures hidden in target samples. A template update strategy based on the multi-level hierarchical dictionary is proposed according to drawbacks of the template update strategy based on the fixed threshold. A tracking method combining multi-level sparse representation and metric learning is proposed in order to improve the ability to distinguish between background and targets. Experimental results show that the proposed method can improve the tracking
How to Optimise Interaction with Chatbots? Key Parameters Emerging from Actual Application

Consumers ’ resistance towards chatbot agency questions the quality of human-computer interaction, and thus, invites further investigation on factors determining chatbot efficiency. Current study addresses the above challenges by providing understanding on functionality and enjoyment, emerging as crucial drivers of satisfaction. Consumers who have used chatbots at least once in their daily life were invited to complete a survey, evaluating the interaction with the bot. The results are clear in showing that information quality, accuracy and competence are pivotal for chatbot functionality. Personal care and social presence enhanced interactivity perception and the enjoyment of the chatbot use. These factors might however turn into barriers when not met, as reported by consumers in low satisfaction group. Current findings provide valuable insights for developing and implementing chatbot applications to satisfy the user demand for enjoyable and functional interaction, through enhanced information quality, competence, personal care and social presence.
Fine-grained Visual Categorization using PAIRS: Pose and Appearance Integration for Recognizing Subcategories

In Fine-grained Visual Categorization (FGVC), the differences between similar categories are often highly localized to a small number of object parts, and significant pose variation therefore constitutes a great challenge for identification. To address this, we propose extracting image patches using pairs of predicted keypoint locations as anchor points. The benefits of this approach are two-fold: (1) it achieves explicit top-down visual attention on object parts, and (2) the extracted patches are pose-aligned and thus contain stable appearance features. We employ the popular Stacked Hourglass Network to predict keypoint locations, reporting state-of-the-art keypoint localization results on the challenging CUB-200-2011 dataset. Anchored by these predicted keypoints, an overcomplete basis of pose-aligned patches is extracted and a specialized appearance classification network is trained for each patch. An aggregating network is then applied to combine the patch networks' individual predictions, producing a final classification score. Our PAIRS algorithm attains an accuracy of 88.6%, an increase of 1.1% over the current state-of-the-art. Enhancing the base PAIRS model with single-keypoint patches produces a further improvement, yielding a new state-of-the-art accuracy of 89.2% on the CUB dataset and clearly demonstrating the power of integrating pose and appearance features.
Antimutagenic effect of grape seed extracted oil on diazinon induced genotoxicity in albino mice

Background: Human health hazard due to exposure to chemical pollutants is a global and chronic problem. The pesticides constitute the primary toxic chemicals in the environment. The present study explored the effects of grape seed oil supplementation on diazinon (DZN) induced chromosomal aberrations and sperm abnormalities in male mice. Materials and methods: The tests were carried out on 35 adult male albino mice (16-20 weeks, weighed 30-35 g). Animals were categorized into seven groups each with five mice; the first group was treated with phos¬phate buffer saline (PBS) as negative control group. The second and third groups were treated daily and orally with two different doses of the DZN (60 and 90 mg/kg body weight) respectively dissolved in corn oil. Animals of fourth, fifth and sixth groups were orally administered grape seed oil at a dose of 2 g/kg body weight, after 6 hours the fourth and fifth groups subjected to DZN at the same dose given to second and third groups. Animals of the seventh group were supplied with corn oil. The treatments were continued for five weeks. Results: The results showed that DZN increased the frequency of both chromatid and chromosome aberrations in bone marrow cells and sperm abnormalities. Treatment with grape seed oil extract showed a significant decrease (P<0.01) on both total abnormal chromosomes and sperms, and there was no significant difference between these groups and negative control in most analyzed parameters. The dose of grape seed oil has significantly minimized the effect of first dose of DZN concerning chromosome structure while it worked in the second dose regarding sperm abnormalities. Conclusions: This finding suggests the protective action of grape seed oil against DZN induced clastogenecity and sperm abnormalities.
Optimizing thermochromic VO2 by co-doping with W and Sr for smart window applications

Smart windows possess the potential to contribute significantly to reducing the world-wide energy consumption in the future. The properties of the thermochromic metal oxide VO2 are closest to the material requirements set by economic considerations for the use as an active layer in thermochromic glazings. We show that the required parameters can be achieved by modifying VO2 on the atomic level, i.e., by simultaneous co-doping with Sr and W on the cation site. In particular, the transition temperature ϑ c can be adjusted in the range between 15 and 68 °C by varying W contents, whereas the incorporation of Sr mainly increases the band gap yielding a greyish color of the films. Interestingly, the simultaneous presence of W and Sr enhances both effects. The co-doping leads to values of the luminous transmittance T lum and the solar transmittance T sol fulfilling the requirements set by application. The variation of the solar transmittance Δ T sol of the plain thin films on a glass substrate already is larger .
Static Shape Control of Soft Continuum Robots Using Deep Visual Inverse Kinematic Models

Soft continuum robots are highly flexible and adaptable, making them ideal for unstructured environments such as the human body and agriculture. However, their high compliance and maneuverability make them difficult to model, sense, and control. Current control strategies focus on Cartesian space control of the end-effector, but few works have explored full-body control. This study presents a novel image-based deep learning approach for closed-loop kinematic shape control of soft continuum robots. The method combines a local inverse kinematics formulation in the image space with deep convolutional neural networks for accurate shape control that is robust to feedback noise and mechanical changes in the continuum arm. The shape controller is fast and straightforward to implement; it takes only a few hours to generate training data, train the network, and deploy, requiring only a web camera for feedback. This method offers an intuitive and user-friendly way to control the robot's 3-D shape and configuration through teleoperation using only 2-D hand-drawn images of the desired target state without the need for further user instruction or consideration of the robot's kinematics.
Analisa Visual Citra Hasil Kombinasi Steganografi dan Kriptografi Berbasis Least Significant Bit Dalam Cipher

Kriptografi dan steganografi adalah teknik yang digunakan untuk mengamankan data untuk meminimalkan pencurian data dan akses oleh orang yang tidak berwenang. Kombinasi Rivest Cipher 4 - Least Significant Bit diusulkan dalam penelitian ini untuk memberikan perlindungan bagi pesan dan berbagai format file yang tertanam dalam gambar digital. Pesan rahasia dienkripsi dengan metode RC4 sebelum dimasukkan kedalam gambar menggunakan LSB. Studi ini juga menganalisis kinerja kombinasi algoritma LSB – RC4 pada berbagai file dan ukuran gambar sampul. Gambar sampul menggunakan gambar dengan saluran RGB. Untuk pengukuran kinerja imperceptibilitas digunakan Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), Mean Square Error (MSE), dan analisis histogram.Nilai rata – rata PSNR yang didapatkan pada penelitian ini lebih dari 30 dB, ini membuktikan bahwa kualitas gambar stego sangat baik dan kualitas gambar stego yang baik memiliki nilai PSNR minimal 30 dB. Nilai PSNR yang didapatkan secara keseluruhan lebih dari 30 dB dengan nilai terendahnya 45,15 dB dengan ukuran citra 128x128 pixel.
Effects of empty bins on image upscaling in capsule endoscopy

This paper presents a preliminary study of the effect of empty bins on image upscaling in capsule endoscopy. The presented study was conducted based on results of existing contrast enhancement and interpolation methods. A low contrast enhancement method based on pixels consecutiveness and modified bilinear weighting scheme has been developed to distinguish between necessary empty bins and unnecessary empty bins in the effort to minimize the number of empty bins in the input image, before further processing. Linear interpolation methods have been used for upscaling input images with stretched histograms. Upscaling error differences and similarity indices between pairs of interpolation methods have been quantified using the mean squared error and feature similarity index techniques. Simulation results demonstrated more promising effects using the developed method than other contrast enhancement methods mentioned.
Pedagogy of the philosophy dissertation in France: paths to freedom, or thèse-antithèse-foutaise?

ABSTRACT This article studies the philosophy dissertation as a cultural practice within the educational institution in France. It argues that this cultural practice has a strong association with the preservation and ongoing creation of French national identity. I present findings from a survey of pedagogic materials offering advice for students taking the philosophy exam at baccalaureate level. Having given an overview of the cultural importance of the philosophy dissertation, I present the ways in which the general principles of method and structure taught are justified. We then move into the advice given relating to the dissertation structure that is habitually recommended—an introduction and then three parts (most often thesis, antithesis, synthesis). The article considers the reasons why such pedagogic practices can seem to fall back into prescriptivism or formalism, but also seeks to draw out the ways in which the philosophy dissertation can be a more open, uncertain form of thinking.