Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Targeting ASIC1a Promotes Neural Progenitor Cell Migration and Neurogenesis in Ischemic Stroke

Cell replacement therapy using neural progenitor cells (NPCs) has been shown to be an effective treatment for ischemic stroke. However, the therapeutic effect is unsatisfactory due to the imbalanced homeostasis of the local microenvironment after ischemia. Microenvironmental acidosis is a common imbalanced homeostasis in the penumbra and could activate acid-sensing ion channels 1a (ASIC1a), a subunit of proton-gated cation channels following ischemic stroke. However, the role of ASIC1a in NPCs post-ischemia remains elusive. Here, our results indicated that ASIC1a was expressed in NPCs with channel functionality, which could be activated by extracellular acidification. Further evidence revealed that ASIC1a activation inhibited NPC migration and neurogenesis through RhoA signaling-mediated reorganization of filopodia formation, which could be primarily reversed by pharmacological or genetic disruption of ASIC1a. In vivo data showed that the knockout of the ASIC1a gene facilitated NPC migration and neurogenesis in the penumbra to improve behavioral recovery after stroke. Subsequently, ASIC1a gain of function partially abrogated this effect. Moreover, the administration of ASIC1a antagonists (amiloride or Psalmotoxin 1) promoted functional recovery by enhancing NPC migration and neurogenesis. Together, these results demonstrate targeting ASIC1a is a novel strategy potentiating NPC migration toward penumbra to repair lesions following ischemic stroke and even for other neurological diseases with the presence of niche acidosis.
On the analysis and synthesis of robust strict positive real systems

As the first main result, this paper presents a criterion which is very easy to be tested for robust strict positive realness of perturbed systems. Then, it considers such two problems as follows: 1) When does there exist a real polynomial, or more generally, a real transfer function B(s), such that B(s)/D(s) is strict positive real (SPR) for all D(s)/spl isin/D, D is a convex polytopic polynomial family? 2) When does there exist a compensator C(s) such that N(s)C(s)/D(s) is SPR for all N(s)/spl isin/N, D(s)/spl isin/D, N and D are both convex polytopic polynomial families? Necessary and sufficient conditions for such B(s) and C(s) to exist are given by this paper. Further the methods for synthesizing such B(s) and C(s) are also given. The results of this paper only involve computation of the extremes of N and D, and adopt diagrammatic methods like Bode plot; therefore, they are very simple and convenient to apply. >
Weighted shapley value: A cooperative game theory for loss allocation in distribution systems

This paper proposes a new method for assigning distribution system (DS) losses to consumers and distributed generations in the framework of a liberalized energy market. The architecture of the proposed method is based on a synthesis of electrical network analytical theory and cooperative game theory (CGT). Weighted shapely value (WSV) is a solution idea that is regarded to be efficient in CGT for n-player games with characteristic function form. By retaining the notion of electrical networks, the axioms of game theory will be preserved while employing the WSV in loss allocation theory. To allocate system losses, the proposed method estimates the average marginal contribution of each participant to all conceivable coalitions and also determines the weight of the marginal contribution of each participant based on its power rating. Rather than a sequential branch-oriented approach, the proposed methodology is node-oriented. Additionally, a majority rule game is used to constrain the population of a coalition without jeopardizing the efficacy of the solutions to achieve a fair allocation of losses. The results of the proposed method are presented and contrasted with those obtained using the conventional pro-rata method and the well-known Shapley value solution concept in CGT.
Analysis of metatranscriptomic methods to enable wastewater-based biosurveillance of all infectious diseases

Introduction Wastewater-based surveillance emerged during the COVID-19 pandemic as an efficient way to quickly screen large populations, monitor infectious disease transmission over time, and identify whether more virulent strains are becoming more prevalent in the region without burdening the health care system with individualized testing. Ohio was one of the first states to implement wastewater monitoring through its Ohio Coronavirus Wastewater Monitoring Network (OCWMN), originally tracking the prevalence of COVID-19 by quantitative qPCR from over 67 sites across the state. The OCWMN evolved along with the pandemic to include sequencing the SARS-CoV-2 genome to assess variants of concern circulating within the population. As the pandemic wanes, networks such as OCWMN can be expanded to monitor other infectious diseases and outbreaks of interest to the health department to reduce the burden of communicable diseases. However, most surveillance still utilizes qPCR based diagnostic tests for individual pathogens, which is hard to scale for surveillance of multiple pathogens. Methods Here we have tested several genomic methods, both targeted and untargeted, for wastewater-based biosurveillance to find the most efficient procedure to detect and track trends in reportable infectious diseases and outbreaks of known pathogens as well as potentially novel pathogens or variants on the rise in our communities. RNA extracts from the OCWMN were provided weekly from 10 sites for 6 weeks. Total RNA was sequenced from the samples on the Illumina NextSeq and on the MinION to identify pathogens present. The MinION long read platform was also used to sequence SARS-CoV-2 with the goal of reducing the complexity of variant calling in mixed populations as occurs with short Illumina reads. Finally, a targeted hybridization approach was tested for compatibility with wastewater RNA samples. Results and discussion The data analyzed here provides a baseline assessment that demonstrates that wastewater is a rich resource for infectious disease epidemiology and identifies technology gaps and potential solutions to enable this resource to be used by public health laboratories to monitor the infectious disease landscape of the regions they serve.
Supplementation of thymol powder or green tea extract along with linseed in pig diet increases oxidative stability in blood and pork

Abstract This trial investigated the influence of dietary extruded linseed combined with plant extract on pig performance, blood lipid profiles, meat quality, oxidative stability and the fatty acid composition of meat and backfat. Four-hundred and eighty crossbred pigs were randomly allocated to four dietary treatments, namely, a control diet (T1), the control diet supplemented with extruded linseed (T2) and identical T2 diet supplemented with thymol powder (T3) or green tea extract (T4). The extruded linseed supplementation decreased blood triglycerides, total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol and improved fatty acid composition of meat and backfat by increasing n-3 PUFA content and decreasing the n-6/n-3 ratio (p < .05). However, it led to decrease the oxidative stability of blood and meat, while supplementation with thymol powder or green tea extract increased the oxidative stability of blood (27.08 and 27.53% in T3 and T4 compared with T2, respectively) and meat (40.15 and 41.21% in T3 and T4 compared with T2, respectively; p < .01). The findings conclude that dietary extruded linseed combined with thymol powder or green tea extract has the potential to produce functional pork. Highlights Feeding pigs an extruded linseed meal supplement reduced blood triglyceride, total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels. Extruded linseed supplementation increased the n-3 PUFA content of pigs’ meat and backfat. Supplementing an enriched n-3 PUFA diet with thymol powder or green tea extract increased the oxidative stability of pigs’ blood and meat.
Understanding the fundamentals of TiO2 surfacesPart II. Reactivity and surface chemistry of TiO2 single crystals

In order to promote the application of TiO2 in surface modification technologies, a detailed understanding of its structure and properties is necessary. For this reason, the reactivity and corresponding surface chemistry of stoichiometric and non-stoichiometric single crystals of titanium dioxide have been widely studied. In Part II of this review, special attention is paid to the role of individual surface sites and the effect of available charge on the adsorption processes on stoichiometric and reduced single crystal rutile and anatase surfaces. In addition, the most appropriate surface science methods used to study the surface chemistry of these surfaces are also highlighted. An understanding of the interaction of H2O and O2 with oxide surfaces is extremely important because these adsorbates form a de facto part of the environment in all technological applications. Moreover, they play an extraordinarily important role in the processes taking place in high-performance devices in the fields of energy, environment, and health. Consequently, special consideration is given to the adsorption and dissociation processes of the most technologically important inorganic adsorbates, such as H2O and O2, on model low Miller index single crystal surfaces of titania. In addition, light-induced reactivity of TiO2 and its application is also considered. Furthermore, the engineering of TiO2 nanocrystals with well-defined facets, their unusual photocatalytic properties, and applications are also briefly considered.
The influence of the interplanetary magnetic field on the entry of solar wind ions into the magnetosphere

This study investigated the entry of solar wind ions into the magnetosphere by following particle orbits from the solar wind through the magnetopause boundary in time‐dependent electric and magnetic fields obtained from a 3D global magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulation of the magnetosphere; five different orientations of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) were considered. We found the region of the upstream solar wind that mapped to the magnetopause entry regions to be parallel to the y‐z orientation of the IMF. However, significant asymmetries were caused by the history of the IMF, the orientation of the interplanetary electric field (IEF), the nonadiabatic acceleration of ions at the magnetopause reconnection region, and acceleration by the magnetopause electric fields. Ions generally entered the magnetosphere through extended dayside regions corresponding to the reconnection region for each IMF and were accelerated by that region's electric fields. Entry also occurred along high‐latitude open field lines convecting into the magnetotail.
Formulation of integral equation for multilayer geometries without ground plane

A full-wave analysis of strips printed on dielectric substrates not backed by a ground plane is developed using the integral equations technique. The Green's functions of a multilayer geometry without a ground plane are calculated. Special consideration is given to the numerical treatment of the integral equations technique. A two-dimensional moment's method (MoM) is used to derive the current distribution. The obtained theoretical results for coplanar strips and symmetrical double-strip are compared to the available experimental data. A good agreement is given. <<ETX>>
Some aspects of experimental design and analysis when errors are correlated

SUMMARY Generalized least squares estimation is considered for some designs on the torus when the errors are assumed to follow a known second-order stationary torus lattice process. Two general types of torus designs, regular and treatment-balanced, are presented. Ordinary least squares is shown to be optimal for regular designs, whilst certain treatment-balanced designs are shown to be optimum under a wide range of optimality criteria. The method of Papadakis is investigated, and shown to have simple solutions for these designs. The relation of a theoretical form of Papadakis's estimator to the generalized least squares estimator for the completely symmetric first-order conditional torus lattice process is considered.
A novel physiological feature selection method for emotional stress assessment based on emotional state transition

The connection between emotional states and physical health has attracted widespread attention. The emotional stress assessment can help healthcare professionals figure out the patient's engagement toward the diagnostic plan and optimize the rehabilitation program as feedback. It is of great significance to study the changes of physiological features in the process of emotional change and find out subset of one or several physiological features that can best represent the changes of psychological state in a statistical sense. Previous studies had used the differences in physiological features between discrete emotional states to select feature subsets. However, the emotional state of the human body is continuously changing. The conventional feature selection methods ignored the dynamic process of an individual's emotional stress in real life. Therefore, a dedicated experimental was conducted while three peripheral physiological signals, i.e., ElectroCardioGram (ECG), Galvanic Skin Resistance (GSR), and Blood Volume Pulse (BVP), were continuously acquired. This paper reported a novel feature selection method based on emotional state transition, the experimental results show that the number of physiological features selected by the proposed method in this paper is 13, including 5 features of ECG, 4 features of PPG and 4 features of GSR, respectively, which are superior to PCA method and conventional feature selection method based on discrete emotional states in terms of dimension reduction. The classification results show that the accuracy of the proposed method in emotion recognition based on ECG and PPG is higher than the other two methods. These results suggest that the proposed method can serve as a viable alternative to conventional feature selection methods, and emotional state transition deserves more attention to promote the development of stress assessment.
Rejuvenation of Pesticide Polluted Soil from the Isolated Microbial Flora of Agricultural Field

The widespread use of pesticides leads to imbalances in the qualities of soil, water, and air environments. Pesticides can only be broken down more quickly by combining microbial consortia of native and naturally occurring bacteria isolated from certain polluted environments. To rejuvenate the pesticide polluted soil, the samples was collected and microbial flora were isolated from the soil samples. These floras were introduced into the three pesticides like Carbaryl, Monocrotophos and Malathion (CMM) for the biodegradation activity. Standard microbiological protocols were followed to isolate the microbial flora from the collected soil samples. The isolated microbial strains were confirmed with the isolation of genomic DNA. The biodegradation of pesticides such as Carbaryl, Monocrotophos and Malathion (CMM) were performed with the isolated strains. The bacterial strains such as Pseudomonas sp, Bacillus sp and Micrococcus sp; actinomycetes – Azatobacter; fungal species such as Aspergillus fumigatus, Gliocladium sp and Humicola sp were isolated from the agricultural field. Among these Bacillus sp showed highest biodegradation activity against the three pesticides. These investigations screened the best microorganism for several pesticides, including carbaryl, Monocrotophos, and Malathion (CMM), the best degradation methods, and the best degradation environment, providing a more practical reference for subsequent study.
The Pharmacist Prescriber: A Psychological Perspective on Complex Conversations about Medicines: Introducing Relational Prescribing and Open Dialogue in Physical Health

Pharmacists have traditionally supported the prescribing process, arguably in reactive or corrective roles. The advent of pharmacist prescribing in 2004 represented a major shift in practice, leading to greater responsibility for making clinical decisions with and for patients. Prescribing rights require pharmacists to take a more prescriptive role that will allow them to contribute to long-standing prescribing challenges such as poor medication adherence, overprescribing, and the need for shared decision-making and person-centered care. Central to these endeavors are the development and possession of effective consultation skills. University schools of pharmacists in the UK now routinely include consultation skills training, which is also provided by national education bodies. These challenges remain difficult to overcome, even though it is understood, for example, that increasing the effectiveness of adherence interventions may have a far greater impact on the health of the population than any improvement in specific medical treatments. More recently, a concerted effort has been made to tackle overprescribing and the harm that may occur through the inappropriate use of medication. In routine pharmacy work, these priorities may linger at the bottom of the list due to the busy and complex nature of the work. Solutions to these problems of adherence, optimizing benefits of medication, and overprescribing have typically been pragmatic and structured. However, an arguably reductionist approach to implementation fails to address the complex patient interactions around prescribing and taking medication, and the heterogeneity of the patient’s experience, leaving the answers elusive. We suggest that it is essential to explore how person-centered care is perceived and to emphasize the relational aspects of clinical consultations. The development of routine pharmacist prescribing demands building on the core values of person-centered care and shared decision making by introducing the concepts of “relational prescribing” and “open dialogue” to cultivate an essential pharmacotherapeutic alliance to deliver concrete positive patient outcomes. We provide a vignette of how a clinical case can be approached using principles of relational prescribing and open dialogue. We believe these are solutions that are not additional tasks but must be embedded into pharmacy practice. This will improve professional satisfaction and resilience, and encourage curiosity and creativity, particularly with the advent of all pharmacists in Great Britain becoming prescribers at graduation from 2026.
On the Temperature Dependence of the Cloud Ice Particle Effective Radius—A Satellite Perspective

Cloud ice particle effective radius in atmospheric models is usually parametrized. A widely‐used parametrization comprises a strong dependence on the temperature. Utilizing available satellite‐based estimates of both cloud ice particle effective radius and cloud‐top temperature we evaluate if a similar temperature‐dependence exists in these observations. We find that for very low cloud‐top temperatures the modeled cloud ice particle effective radius generally agrees on average with satellite observations. For high sub‐zero temperatures however, the modeled cloud ice particle effective radius becomes very large, which is not seen in the satellite observations. We conclude that the investigated parametrization for the cloud ice particle effective radius, and parametrizations with a similar temperature dependence, likely produce systematic biases at the cloud top. Supporting previous studies, our findings suggest that the vertical structure of clouds should be taken into account as factor in potential future updates of the parametrizations for cloud ice particle effective radius.
Alzheimer’s Disease and Stem Cell Therapy

Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder mainly caused by aggregation of neurofibrillary tangles and beta-amyloid plaques. As the most common cause of dementia, the population of AD patients has risen significantly in recent years. Due to the difficulty to diagnose AD at its early stage and the rapid development of the disease, AD is still an unsolved puzzle in the medical world. Though there are treatments for delaying symptoms of AD such as anti-amyloid therapy and medicine treatments that contain Cholinesterase inhibitors therapy, efficient therapies which treat AD fundamentally are yet to be discovered. The review paper will focus on one of the most promising therapies for AD, stem cell therapy. Compared to slowing down the disease, stem cell therapy can actually help the patients to grow brand-new neurons hence the treatment is pretty worthy to be studied. Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that are able to develop into new brain cells. There are four types of stem cell therapies for Alzheimer’s Disease: Mesenchymal Stem Cells therapy, Neural Stem Cell therapy, Embryonic Stem Cell therapy, and Induced Pluripotent stem Cell therapy. Among all the stem cell therapies, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) therapy has the most potential to work out due to the successful trials upon rodent animal models. Nevertheless, no stem cell therapy for AD succeeds in human trials so far. Besides, the likelihood of cancer and tumor should also be taken into consideration.
Transverse acceleration of oxygen ions by electromagnetic ion cyclotron resonance with broad band left‐hand polarized waves

Central plasma sheet (CPS) ion conies are oxygen dominated with peak energies ranging from tens to hundreds of eV centered around pitch-angles between 115 and 130 degrees. Because of the lack of correlation between the CPS conics and the observed currents and/or electron beam-like structures, it is not likely that all of these conies are generated by interactions with electrostatic ion cyclotron waves or lower hybrid waves. Instead, we suggest that the observed intense broad band electric field fluctuations in the frequency range between zero and a hundred Hz can be responsible for the transverse energization of the ions through cyclotron resonance heating with the left-hand polarized electromagnetic waves. This process is much more efficient for heating the oxygen ions than hydrogen ions, thus providing a plausible explanation of the oxygen dominance in CPS conies. Simple algebraic expressions are given from which estimates of conic energy and pitch angle can be easily calculated. This suggested mechanism can also provide some preheating of the oxygen ions in the boundary plasma sheet (BPS) where discrete aurorae form.
Kaluza-Klein supergravity in ten dimensions

The authors construct a massive version of N=2 supergravity in ten dimensions by compactification of the eleven-dimensional, N=1 theory. This theory describes the usual N=2 massless supermultiplet, in addition to which there is an infinite tower of massive, charged N=2 supermultiplets. The appearance of these massive states as a consequence of the spontaneous breaking of part of the eleven-dimensional supersymmetry and the presence of Goldstone modes is clarified.