Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Interacting Early-Type Binary BD +40°4220 (V729 Cyg): Modeling the Colliding Winds Region

We present an analysis of an extensive set of spectroscopic observations of the mysterious early-type binary BD +40°4220. A new orbital solution is derived from the radial velocities of the absorption lines. We confirm that the secondary star is highly overluminous for its mass. The absorption lines of both components display phase-locked profile variations, with some of the secondary's lines going into emission between ϕ=0.20 and ϕ=0.55. A detailed investigation of the profile variability of the He II λ4686 emission line reveals that the pattern of variability of this line is very stable. We show that part of the He II λ4686 emission is produced in the wind interaction region between the stars. Most of the emission lines in the visual spectrum of BD +40°4220 display variations that are reminiscent of those observed on the He II λ4686 line, pointing toward a similar origin. We present numerical simulations of emission-line profiles in a colliding winds binary, showing that an important part of the variability observed in BD +40°4220 can be explained by a colliding winds phenomenon. The properties of the wind interaction region can be accounted for if we assume that the secondary star is an evolved object, most probably some kind of Ofpe/WN9 transition star, with a mass loss rate of ~5.5 × 10-6 M☉ yr-1. We finally discuss the fundamental parameters of the binary, concluding that mass transfer must have played a crucial role in the evolution of this system.
COSMIC AND TERRESTRIAL TESTS FOR THE REST MASS OF GRAVITONS

If Newton’s law of gravitation were universally valid, gravitons would have zero rest mass, in analogy to light quanta whose exchange between electric charges enters the “particle picture” of the Coulomb interactions. More generally, as R. P. Feynman has shown, gravitons of rest mass zero and spin 2 (rather than the zero rest mass and spin 1 of light quanta) represent the quantum mechanically correct “particle picture” of the general theory of relativity. If this theory is valid, the universal redshift is most naturally interpreted as a Doppler shift due to a general expansion of the universe. Entirely different vistas offer themselves and an entirely new theory would have to be developed if it were found that the range of gravitational forces is limited and that the rest mass of the gravitons is different from zero. There exist some cosmic phenomena that suggest this might actually be the case. The most convincing one relates to the fact that the rich globular clusters of galaxies are the largest statistically stationary aggregates of matter and that among more than 20,000 clusters of galaxies there is no cluster of clusters. There is not even a single bona fide double system that consists of two distinct globular or elliptical compact clusters of galaxies. Furthermore, the large velocity dispersion expected among neighboring clusters of galaxies if Newton’s law were strictly correct is nonexistent. From these observations we may conclude that the indicative absolute ranged of gravitational forces A is of the order of 20 million parsecs. This leads to a rest mass of the graviton mG of the order of h/cA or 5.65 X 10-84 grams.
Extended ionized gas in the Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC 4388

Recent CCD emission-line imaging and spectrophotometry of the edge-on Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC 4388 is reported. Deep CCD images through narrow interference filters isolating the emission lines of H-alpha + forbidden N II 6548, 6583 A and of forbidden O III 5007 A have revealed a very richly structured complex of extended, ionized gas clouds surrounding the nucleus and extending high above the plane of the galaxy. Long-slit low-resolution spectrophotometry of these regions show them to have relatively high-excitation spectra consistent with photoionization by the nuclear power-law continuum. A simple ionization map obtained from the emission-line images shows the high-ionization gas to be distributed into two opposed radiation cones emanating from the nucleus; the southern cone being the most well defined, and the northern cone not appearing until it emerges from behind the optical disk of the galaxy. 38 references.
Control of a gantry crane using input-shaping schemes with distributed delay

This paper presents simulation and real-time implementation of input-shaping schemes with a distributed delay for control of a gantry crane. Both open-loop and closed-loop input-shaping schemes are considered. Zero vibration and zero vibration derivative input shapers are designed for performance comparison in terms of trolley position response and level of sway reduction. Simulation and experimental results have shown that all the shapers are able to reduce payload sway significantly while maintaining satisfactory position response. Investigations with different cable lengths that correspond to ±20% changes in the sway frequency have shown the distributed delay-based shaper has asymmetric robustness behaviour. The shaper provides highest robustness for the case of 20% increase in the sway frequency but lower robustness for the case of 20% decrease. However, other schemes give symmetric robustness behaviour for both cases.
Lake Victoria Wetlands and the Ecology of the Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis Niloticus Linne

The importance of Lal<e Victoria wetlands for the Nile tilap'a was studied. Five wetland types were defined: papyrus, reed, bulrush, hippo grass, water hyacinth. Hydrology, vegetation and distance towards open water explained the variation in abiotic and biotic factors. Over 30 fish species were identified. The Nile tilapia contributed 45-65% ofthe biomasn. Seasonality explained size-related abundance patterns. Most of the species biomass was associated with reed-hippo grassbulrush wetlands, which were also important for small and juvenile fish. Wetlands were important for sheltering and feeding. In Lake Victoria Nile tilapia were more fecund tnan elsewhere, probably a result of a better nutritional base. The species was omnivorous. Successional patterns in water hyacinth cover and the strong hydrological influences on shallow vegetated habitats imply that basin disturbances could be a major threat to water quality and fisheries.
Speckle characteristics of a laser projector using nonmodal laser emission of a semiconductor laser

In this contribution we show how spatially incoherent emission from a broad-area vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (BAVCSEL) can be used for low-speckle laser projection. In our projection setup, we use a microlens beam homogenizer in order to homogenize the intensity distribution and to exploit the low spatial coherence of the VCSEL. In order to investigate the speckle in a projection setup using a BA-VCSEL as light source, we compare speckle values in case of modal and nonmodal emission of the BA-VCSEL. Furthermore, the microlens beam homogenizer can either be illuminated with the laser's near field or far field, leading to comparable results. Speckle contrast values as low as 3.5% in case of nearfield illumination, and 2.5% in case of farfield illumination, are measured without using any additional or mechanically moving components to destroy the coherence of the laser beam. The microlens array in the setup is essential in order to obtain speckle reduction, since it generates an overlap of mutually independent speckle patterns, thus reducing the overall speckle in the projected image. We successfully model the speckle contrast reduction, taking into account all contributing speckle reducing factors.
The Soft Gamma Repeaters as Very Strongly Magnetized Neutron Stars. II. Quiescent Neutrino, X-Ray, and Alfvén Wave Emission

We calculate the quiescent X-ray, neutrino, and Alfvén wave emission from a neutron star with a very strong magnetic field, Bdipole ~ 1014 − 1015 G and Binterior ~ (5–10) × 1015 G. These results are compared with observations of quiescent emission from the soft gamma repeaters and from a small class of anomalous X-ray pulsars that we have previously identified with such objects. The magnetic field, rather than rotation, provides the main source of free energy, and the decaying field is capable of powering the quiescent X-ray emission and particle emission observed from these sources. New features that are not present in the decay of the weaker fields associated with ordinary radio pulsars include fracturing of the neutron star crust, strong heating of its core, and effective suppression of thermal conduction perpendicular to the magnetic field. As the magnetic field is forced through the crust by diffusive motions in the core, multiple small-scale fractures are excited, as well as a few large fractures that can power soft gamma repeater bursts. The decay rate of the core field is a very strong function of temperature and therefore of the magnetic flux density. The strongest prediction of the model is that these sources will show no optical emissions associated with X-ray heating of an accretion disk.
Quantised robust H ∞ output feedback control of discrete-time systems with random communication delays

In this study, a stability criterion and robust ℋ∞ mode delay-dependent quantised dynamic output feedback controller design problem for discrete-time systems with random communication delays, packet dropouts and quantisation errors are investigated. Random communication delays from the sensor to controller network are modelled using a finite-state Markov chain with a special transition probability. A logarithmic quantiser is used to quantise the measured output. The Lyapunov–Krasovskii (L–K) functional approach is used to derive the stochastic stability criterion for the system with a given attenuation level. Sufficient conditions for the existence of an output feedback controller is formulated in terms of bilinear matrix inequalities (BMIs). Owing to the special transition probability matrix, a new slack matrix is added to BMIs to relax the sufficient conditions for the existence of an output feedback controller. Furthermore, an iterative algorithm is used to convert the BMIs into the quasi-convex optimisation problem which can be solved easily. An example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed design.
An Empirical Investigation of the Effectiveness of a Vertex Substitution Heuristic

Many problems require the identification of a subset of points to minimize (or maximize) some function. A vertex substitution heuristic (VSH) employs a strategy of one-by-one replacement to approximate, or perhaps find, the optimal set. The Teitz and Bart heuristic is the archetype of this procedure and is the heuristic most frequently used for the solution of the p-median problem. One study of the performance of this heuristic with increasing numbers of facilities (p) in problems with a very small number of demand nodes (n) has been published. However, no study satisfactorily indicates the relative effectiveness of this heuristic method with increasing values of n or p. In this paper we compare optimal and heuristic solutions for ninety problems varying the values of n and p systematically. The results indicate that there is a definite reduction in the effectiveness of the heuristic with increasing values of n or p.
Understanding MPU Usage in Microcontroller-based Systems in the Wild

—As more and more microcontroller-based embedded devices are connected to the Internet, as part of the Internet-of-Things (IoT), previously less tested (and insecure) devices are exposed to miscreants. To prevent them from being compromised, the memory protection unit (MPU), which is readily available on many of these devices, has the potential to play an important role in enforcing defense mechanisms. In this work, we comprehensively studied the MPU adoption in top operating systems for microcontrollers. Speciﬁcally, we investigate whether MPU is supported, how it is used, and whether the claimed security requirement has been effectively achieved by using it. We conclude that due to the added complexities, incompatibility, and fragmented programming interface, MPUs have not received wide adoption in real products. Moreover, although the MPU was developed for security purposes, it rarely fulﬁlls its designed functionality and can be easily circumvented in many settings. We showcase concrete attacks to FreeRTOS and RIoT in this regard. Finally, we discussed fundamental causes to explain this situation. We hope our ﬁndings can inspire research on novel usage of MPU in microcontrollers.
INFLUÊNCIA DO LÓCUS DE CONTROLE E RESILIÊNCIA NA RELAÇÃO DO ESTRESSE OCUPACIONAL COM AS PRÁTICAS REDUTORAS DA QUALIDADE DA AUDITORIA

Este artigo teve por objetivo analisar a influência do lócus de controle e da resiliência na relação entre o estresse ocupacional e as práticas redutoras da qualidade da auditoria. Para isso realizou uma survey com 124 auditores cadastros no CNAI do Conselho Federal de Contabilidade, por meio de um questionário on-line enviado pela rede de contatos profissionais Linkedin®. Os resultados indicaram que no que se refere ao estresse quando se aumenta o Conflito de Papéis aumenta-se as Práticas Reduzidas da Auditoria (PRQA); que a Ambiguidade de Papéis, embora reflita em maior Estresse não reflete em maior Redução das PRQA. Conclui-se que variáveis comportamentais, como o estresse e lócus de controle, afetam a qualidade da auditoria e precisam ser mais estudadas por pesquisadores e consideradas por reguladores na perspectiva de que ações possam ser efetuadas no intuito de entendê-los e monitorá-los com o interesse de preservar a qualidade das opiniões emitidas pelos auditores. Este estudo contribui para a literatura de auditoria, especialmente pela análise de variáveis comportamentais, que representam uma lacuna de pesquisa que ainda precisa ser explorada.
A note on the Picard bundle over a moduli space of vector bundles

Let ℳ︁(n , d ) be a coprime moduli space of stable vector bundles of rank n ≥ 2 and degree d over a complex irreducible smooth projective curve X of genus g ≥ 2 and ℳ︁ξ ⊂ ℳ︁(n , d ) a fixed determinant moduli space. Assuming that the degree d is sufficiently large, denote by 𝒦 the vector bundle over X ×ℳ︁(n , d ) defined by the kernel of the evaluation map H 0(X , E ) → Ex , where E ∈ℳ︁(n , d ) and x ∈ X . We prove that 𝒦 and its restriction 𝒦ξ to X × ℳ︁ξ are stable. The space of all infinitesimal deformations of 𝒦 over X ×ℳ︁(n , d ) is proved to be of dimension 3g and that of 𝒦ξ over X × ℳ︁ξ of dimension 2g , assuming that g ≥ 3 and if g = 3 then n ≥ 4 and if g = 4 then n ≥ 3. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A convexifying algorithm for the design of structured linear controllers

Addresses the design of linear controllers with special structure imposed on the gain matrix. This problem is called a SLC (structured linear control) problem. The SLC problem includes fixed order output feedback control, decentralized control, joint plant and control design, and many other linear control problems. A theoretical framework that allows one to pursue the solution of SLC problems is provided. Although the obtained conditions are nonconvex, it is shown that solving a SLC problem involving standard control objectives such as stability, bounds on the H/sub 2/ or H/sub /spl infin// norms, and real positiveness is not harder than solving a standard unstructured static output feedback problem. A convexifying algorithm that might be used to solve the SLC problem is also developed. At each iteration a certain function is added to the constraints in order to make them convex. At convergence, the artificially introduced convexifying functions reduce to zero, guaranteeing the feasibility of the original problem. Local optimality can be guaranteed. Some examples illustrate how the SLC framework and the convexifying algorithm can improve the solutions of control problem with suboptimal solutions available.
Can prenatal online education improve pregnancy outcomes compared to classic education?

Aim: Cesarean section rates have increased, and although various measures such as antenatal education programs have been introduced to correct this, these could not be performed face-to-face due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and were largely carried out online. This study was planned to determine the effect on the rate of cesarean deliveries and pregnancy outcomes of classic education received in the antenatal period and its online replacement in such and similar extraordinary situations. Material and Method: The research was designed as a retrospective, cohort study. Fifty women undergoing childbirth in our hospital and who received online antenatal education (Group 1), 101 women who received classic education (Group 2), and 77 women receiving no education (Group 3) took part in the study. Patient data were retrieved from the hospital information system and patient records. Results: This study involved 228 pregnant women. Fifty pregnant women (22%) receiving antenatal online education were assigned to Group 1, 101 women (44%) receiving classic face-to-face education to Group 2, and 77 women (34%) receiving no education to Group 3. Forty percent of Group 1, given online education, and 62.4% of Group 2, given classic education, were able to give birth via the normal vaginal route, and the difference was statistically significant (0.001). Cesarean delivery rates were significantly higher in Group 1 (60%) than in Group 2 (37.6%) (0.001). Statistically similar results were determined in all three groups in terms of birth weight, birth length, and low birth weight. No significant difference was also observed between the three groups in terms of premature birth (<37 weeks) (p=0.67). Conclusion: Online antenatal education does not reduce cesarean delivery rates compared to classic education. However, neonatal outcomes are similar.
Experiments on Active Control of Seismic Structures

This paper presents the first phase of a comprehensive experimental study concerning the possible application of active control to structures under seismic excitations. In the laboratory, a single‐degree‐of‐freedom model structure was used which was controlled using prestressing tendons connected to a servohydraulic actuator. An optimal closed‐loop control scheme using a quadratic performance index was employed to reduce the response of structure under base motion generated by a large‐scale seismic simulator. The time delay between the observed motion and the implemented control forces, an important factor in control implementation, was integrated in the control algorithm. Using a carefully designed, fabricated, and calibrated experimental setup, the correlation between the analytical and experimental results was studied. Based on similitude relations, the experimental results obtained for the model structure were extrapolated to the full‐scale structures and are analyzed.
Effects of Three Different Tillage Patterns on Ground and Below-Ground Dwelling Insect Assemblage

Tillage could significantly change the biodiversity in farmlands. As a prominent component of farmland ecology, crops play a key role in regulating biological communities. To explore the effects of tillage patterns and planting modes, including high-disturbance tillage practices and different plant compositions, on the abundance of soil insects, we tested the responses of soil insects to no-tillage (NT), ridge tillage (RT), and fall plow (FP) treatments with different planting modes. The results illustrated that planting modes significantly changed the distributions of ground-dwelling insect species and disturbed interactions on the farmland. Soil-dwelling insect assemblages were mainly influenced by tillage patterns, which reflected that soil physicochemical properties, especially pH, had the highest contribution to the determination of community composition. The no-tillage system supported the highest predator species richness and lower herbivore richness with higher abundance. In the no-tillage system, most of the insects on the farmland have established relationships, forming a relatively high degree of connection between different insects. The network was more specialized and nested in the field with fall ploughing. In conclusion, the effects of tillage patterns and planting modes on insect assemblage can be divided into two spatial dimensions: the success of soil-ground insect maintenance determined by plants and below-ground depended on tillage.
Vibration Analysis of Hydrostatic Gas Bearing Spindle Considering the Elastic Deformation of Rotor.

In this study, we present the vibration analysis procedure of a hydrostatic gas bearing spindle considering the stiffness and damping of a gas film and the effect of elastic deformation of the components of a rotor. An equation of motion for the elastic vibration of the rotor is formulated using the finite element method and then combined with the rigid-body equation of motion of the housing and the gas film stiffness and damping calculated from the frequency domain analysis of the perturbed Reynolds equation. Since the gas film stiffness and damping are functions of frequency and mode shape, the natural frequency and the damping ratio of each vibration mode are calculated iteratively until both the eigenvalue analysis and gas film analysis are satisfied. The calculated natural frequencies of the gas bearing spindle are found to be in good agreement with the experimental ones. The calculated damping ratios qualitatively agree with the experimental ones with quantitative discrepancy of 30% for the same mode.
Small-tunneling-amplitude boson-Hubbard dimer: Stationary states

Analytical expressions for the energy eigenstates of the boson-Hubbard (or quantum discrete-nonlinear Schrodinger) dimer are obtained by applying perturbation theory in the small-tunneling-amplitude limit. The results are relevant for a Bose-Einstein condensate trapped in a double-well potential. A detailed comparison with the numerical solutions arising from the direct diagonalization of the Hamiltonian (for even or odd numbers of bosons) is presented, and the limits of validity of the perturbative results are determined. For fixed values of the tunneling amplitude, the accuracy of the perturbative calculation varies with the total number of bosons in different ways, depending on the particular energy level. Results for the fluctuations of the boson-number difference in each eigenstate are also presented.
Creativity in times of war and pandemics

The paper analyzes issues of creativity in times of war and pandemics, its concepts, origins, and possible development, together with the techniques and features it can be characterized by. It describes the potential present in each of the examined cases brought by the times of unrest. The scope for defining creativity in times of war and pandemics is broad and results in many manifestations. The discussion turns around the concept of creativity in everyday life and its applicability. The authors investigate whether and how to prove the interrelation of creativity to war and pandemics. They also discuss the emergence of creativity in war and pandemics because of provoked human imagination and the urgent necessity to act
Quantum computing using molecular vibrational and rotational modes

Elementary quantum gates have been constructed using molecular vibrational and rotational modes to encode two qubits and implement the Deutsch–Jozsa algorithm. The molecular system chosen was 12C16O. Several phase-correct global quantum gates were constructed using optimal control theory (OCT). The gate fidelity was more than 90%. On implementing the Deutsch–Jozsa algorithm combining these elementary gates, a fidelity greater than 96.11% was obtained, which indicates that vibrational and rotational qubits are promising for performing quantum algorithms.