Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Early fault diagnosis for DC/DC converters based on digital twins and transfer learning

DC/DC converters are widely used as power supplies in various power supply systems. Their faults can lead to improper system operation. Building intelligent fault diagnosis models for ‘highly reliable and long-life’ DC/DC converters is challenging due to the high data acquisition costs and insufficient fault data. In this paper, the digital twin (DT) technique is utilized to provide extensive and reliable data to address the issue of insufficient data for diagnosing DC/DC converter faults. However, establishing multidisciplinary, multi-physical quantity, multi-scale, and multi-probability virtual models (VMs) can be challenging. Thus, a cloud model-based interpretable transfer model is designed to overcome the limitations of VMs in fully deducing the full-state output properties. The proposed method effectively diagnoses DC/DC converters based on DT technology by providing a more comprehensive and uniformly distributed source domain data to suit the samples in the target domain. Comparison with other algorithms shows the effectiveness of the proposed method. It has the potential to provide accurate and real-time diagnosis for DC/DC converter faults and enable timely maintenance strategies for power monitoring in equipment, such as submarine observation networks and space power supply systems.
Methods for Direct Modeling of Restricted Mean Survival Time for General Censoring Mechanisms and Causal Inference

Restricted mean survival time (RMST) is often of great clinical interest in practice. Several existing methods involve explicitly projecting out patient-specific survival curves using parameters estimated through Cox regression. It is often be preferable to directly model the restricted mean, for convenience and to yield more directly interpretable covariate effects. In the first chapter, we propose generalized estimating equation methods to model RMST as a function of baseline covariates. The proposed methods avoid potentially problematic distributional assumptions pertaining to restricted survival time. Unlike existing methods, we allow censoring to depend on both baseline and time-dependent factors. The methods are motivated by the end-stage liver disease (ESLD) setting and, in particular, consider survival in the absence of the preferred therapy, liver transplantation. In the second chapter, we propose generalized estimating equation methods to fit RMST models with multiplicative covariate effects. The proposed methods are applicable to several frequently occurring set-ups not considered in Chapter 1, including clustered data and data with a high-dimensional categorical covariate (e.g., center). Our proposed methods are motivated by modeling RMST among End-stage Renal Disease (ESRD) patients, in the presence of a high-dimensional covariate (1 million patients from over 5,000 dialysis facility). Estimation proceeds through a computationally efficient two-stage algorithm. In addition to evaluating largeand finite-sample properties, we demonstrate the considerable computational advantages
Ecological Information Interface Design, System Usability, and User Experience

This study focused on bird species in Taiwan, investigating the design and usability of an app for Taiwan's endemic bird species through simplified bird images, interactive framework, text icons, and user interface, along with heuristic evaluation and usability testing. The usability test results verified that the app system designed had a usability score of 74.773 with the level between "good" and "excellent"; and was rated "excellent" in dependency, stimulation, and novelty under user experience; was rated "good" in attractiveness and efficiency, and was rated "above average" in perspicuity. Furthermore, significant usability and user experience differences were observed in introducing bird information between the interface using narrative and text icons. When the same ecological information interactive framework is applied, the use of simplified bird images and text icons helps improve the system's usability, as well as the attractiveness, perspicuity, efficiency, dependability, stimulation, and novelty of the system in terms of user experience.
Effectiveness of a group intervention for lexical enrichment in 6-to-10-year-old children with developmental language disorder

Many children with developmental language disorder (DLD) have a vocabulary deficit. One of the most effective interventions for increasing children's lexicon size is the semantic and phonological approach, an approach that has been used mainly with adolescents. The goals of our study are (1) to test whether the semantic-phonological approach coupled with rich vocabulary instruction is effective with younger children with DLD on words learned during the training and (2) to check whether the gains can be maintained over the long term. A group of eight French-speaking children (aged 6 to 10), with a diagnosis of DLD, underwent a phonological-semantic group intervention over 5 months. Four lists (vegetables, animals, school materials, and sports) of words were trained, each category involving 3-hour sessions. Five-word lists (L1, L2, L3, L4, and L5) corresponded to the four trained categories and one served as control. When L1 words were trained, L2 served as the control list; then when L2 words were trained, L3 was the control list, and so on. The group results indicated significant improvement on the four trained lists once intervention was introduced, and no improvement on the control lists. All effects were maintained over the long term at the delayed posttest. Individual outcomes were dependent on children's cognitive and language profiles. Vocabulary training thus allowed young French-speaking children with DLD to enrich their vocabulary on specific measures. The implications of the results are discussed at the group and individual level.
An efficient heuristic for the multi-product satiating newsboy problem

Preference of satiation of a target performance over maximization of expected performance in uncertain situations is well-documented in the economics literature. However, the newsboy problem with satiation (of a pro t target) objective has not received its due attention. In the multi-product setting, solution methods available in the literature are inecient. We developed an ecient heuristic to solve the problem. The heuristic decomposes the multi-product problem into easily solvable single-product problems. We tested the heuristic with a large number of test instances. The heuristic can be adopted to solve the \target assignment problem". We demonstrated it with some numerical examples.
The Impact of Cellular Therapies on Gastrointestinal Diseases: Applications and Challenges

Gastrointestinal diseases are highly prevalent, and their burden significantly impacts the quality of life of affected individuals. Inflammatory and immune-mediated intestinal diseases usually have a chronic course without adequate therapeutic modalities. Although much has been reported to comprehend these diseases, many remain resistant and refractory to conventional treatment approaches. Therefore, recent approaches to cellular therapy using stem cells, like hematopoietic stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells, and other cellular immunosuppressive modalities, like T-regulatory cells, were introduced and investigated in treating gastrointestinal diseases. We aimed to conduct a literature review to discuss the applications and challenges of cellular therapeutics in gastrointestinal diseases. Evidence from published clinical trials supports the safety and efficacy of cellular treatment in different immune-mediated and inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases. They can offer a longer duration of remission, being able to adjust the dysregulated immune system. However, there are various challenges to be considered by future trials, including the limitations of current clinical trials, challenges in retrieval and application of these therapeutics, and their mutagenesis potential.
On the interfaces between (double) definiteness, aspect, and word order in Old and Modern Scandinavian

This discussion takes at issue the canonical view among Scandinavists that the development of the enclitic definite article in Old Norse derived historically from the preposed demonstrative and article. It will be argued that, first, the probing directions for Reference by the clitic article is counter-directed to the probing direction of the grammatical features once this clitic becomes an affix in the course to the modern categorial status. Furthermore, this derivational assumption is bound to explain the historical emergence of the enclitic article in terms of a downward grammaticalization cline - which is against all odds of what we are used to think about grammaticalization nowadays (i.e., from the lexical into the functional domain with the functional domain in the DP being higher than the lexical). We will assume, as opposed to the sketched canonical position, that the proposed article developed from the postposed, enclitic one. This has the advantage of bringing in line the probing directions as well as the grammaticalization dine. Beyond that, the interaction between the definite article, perfective aspect, the historical present tense, and Vfirst is discussed. It will be seen that the narrative categories of foregrounding vs. backgrounding provide a perfect interface fit.
Fractional cone and hex splines

We introduce an extension of cone splines and box splines to fractional and complex orders. These new families of multivariate splines are defined in the Fourier domain along certain s-directional meshes and include as special cases the 3-directional box splines [3] and hex splines [18] previously considered by Condat and Van De Ville, et al. These cone and hex splines of fractional and complex order generalize the univariate fractional and complex B-splines defined in [6, 17] and, e.g., investigated in [7, 12]. Explicit time domain representations are derived for these splines on 3-directional meshes. We present some properties of these two multivariate spline families, such as recurrence, decay and refinement. Finally, we show that a bivariate hex spline and its integer lattice translates form a Riesz basis of its linear span.
Spent Coffee Grounds Derived Carbon Loading C, N Doped TiO2 for Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Dyes

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is an ideal photocatalyst candidate due to its high activity, low toxicity and cost, and high chemical stability. However, its practical application in photocatalysis is seriously hindered by the wide band gap energy of TiO2 and the prone recombination of electron-hole pairs. In this study, C, N doped TiO2 were supported on spent coffee grounds-derived carbon (ACG) via in situ formation, which was denoted as C, N–TiO2@ACG. The obtained C, N–TiO2@ACG exhibits increased light absorption efficiency with the band gap energy decreasing from 3.31 eV of TiO2 to 2.34 eV, a higher specific surface area of 145.8 m2/g, and reduced recombination rates attributed to the synergistic effect of a spent coffee grounds-derived carbon substrate and C, N doping. Consequently, the optimal 1:1 C, N–TiO2@ACG delivers considerable photocatalytic activity with degradation efficiencies for methylene blue (MB) reaching 96.9% within 45 min, as well as a high reaction rate of 0.06348 min−1, approximately 4.66 times that of TiO2 (0.01361 min−1). Furthermore, it also demonstrated greatly enhanced photocatalytic efficiency towards methyl orange (MO) in the presence of MB compared with a single MO solution. This work provides a feasible and universal strategy of synchronous introducing nonmetal doping and biomass-derived carbon substrates to promote the photocatalytic performance of TiO2 for the degradation of organic dyes.
Méthodes de quadrature multi-dimensionnelles et décomposition en polynômes de chaos Application à la quantification d'incertitude et aux méthodes stochastiques d'analyse de sensibilité

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. Méthodes de quadrature multi-dimensionnelles et décomposition en polynômes de chaos Application à la quantification d’incertitude et aux méthodes stochastiques d’analyse de sensibilité Alexandre Janon
Effect of Deworming on Health Outcomes among Children Aged 12–59 Months in Tanzania: A Multilevel Mixed Effects Analysis

Introduction Mass deworming of preschool children is a strategy suggested to prevent soil-transmitted helminth infections in most developing countries. Nonetheless, there is a scarcity of data showing the contribution of mass deworming to a child's nutritional status. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of deworming on nutritional health outcomes (stunting, underweight, and anemia) in children aged 12 to 59 months. Methods A secondary analysis of data extracted from the Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey (TDHS) 2015-16 data was carried out. A total of 7,962 children were included in this study. A multilevel logistic regression was used at a 5% level of significance to determine the individual- and community-level determinants of deworming on health outcomes among children. Results The prevalence of underweight (62.6%), stunting (61.0%), and anemia (61.8%) was higher in children who were not dewormed than those who were dewormed. Female children were more likely to suffer from poor health outcomes (OR = 1.01 and 95% CI = 0.95–1.07) than male children. Children aged 24–35 months and 36–47 months were significantly less likely to suffer from poor health outcomes (OR = 0.89; 95% CI = 0.82–0.97 and OR = 0.88; 96% CI = 0.81–0.96, respectively; p < 0.01). Children from households with unimproved toilets (OR = 1.38 and 95% CI = 1.25–1.52), unimproved water sources (OR = 1.08 and 95% CI = 1.01–1.16), and living in rural areas (OR = 1.02 and 95% CI = 0.91–1.14) had higher odds for poor health outcomes. Conclusion Deworming may be an effective technique for preventing poor health outcomes in children and the risks associated with them, such as poor growth and development.
PFFN: Periodic Feature-Folding Deep Neural Network for Traffic Condition Forecasting

Accurate forecasting of traffic conditions is critical for improving urban transportation safety, stability, and efficiency. It is challenging to produce explicit traffic forecasts due to complex and dynamic spatiotemporal contexts. Most existing works only capture partial characteristics and features of traffic data, and there still exists a great potential of uplifting the forecasting performances. In this article, we propose a periodic feature-folding network (PFFN) that globally folds the spatial-temporal-geo-character features of collected data into pivotal levels to enhance the forecasting performance of traffic conditions. Meanwhile, the historical and recent traffic information within the subgraph is locally folded to capture similar traffic patterns and determine meaningful high-level features in latent space via a novel gated attention plug (GAP). During forecasting, the auxiliary road attributes are jointwise folded with locally engineered features to realize the multistep forecasting. Experimental results on two publicly accessible real-world urban traffic data sets show that the proposed PFFN can outperform the state-of-the-art benchmarks, significantly improving the performance of forecasting short-term traffic conditions.
A Theory of Vicarious Liability for Autonomous-Machine-Caused Harm

The possibility of autonomous-machine-caused harm generates doctrinal and theoretical challenges for assigning tort liability. With emergent capabilities, autonomous machines disrupt the structure of interpersonal rights and duties in tort law, framed by conditions of foreseeability and proximate causation. Where algorithmic processes are unintelligible, self-modifying, and unpredictable, the concern goes, algorithmic harms will be untraceable to tortious human agency. As a result, their costs will simply lie where they fall—on faultless victims. This outcome would be unfair and objectionable: A failure of tort’s mechanisms of corrective justice means faultless victims would disproportionately bear the accident costs of autonomous machines. This article suggests that the doctrinal form of vicarious liability is a promising strategy to ground tort liability for autonomous-machine-caused harm. Human or corporate deployers should be held liable for tortious harm caused by autonomous machines in the course of deployment. In this account, autonomous machines constitute a novel legal category as pure legal agents without legal personhood. In reconceiving vicarious liability—and the legal classification of autonomous machines—the article seeks to promote commonsensical liability outcomes for autonomous-machinecaused harm, consistent with tort’s doctrinal and theoretical structure of corrective justice. Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 License. This article is available in Osgoode Hall Law Journal: https://digitalcommons.osgoode. yorku.ca/ohlj/vol58/iss2/1
Modified Supine Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in the Elderly: Outcomes and Safety

With increases in the aging population, conditions affecting older people and relevant surgical techniques are becoming more pertinent. Modified supine percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is increasingly being adopted. There are limited data on the safety of this position in the elderly patient population. We describe our experience of the modified supine position in patients aged 70 years and older. Between April 2011 and March 2021, patients aged 70 years and older undergoing a modified supine PCNL performed by a single surgeon were prospectively evaluated. Data including patient age, operative time, complications, stone clearance, and length of stay were collected and analysed. Sixty-nine procedures were performed on 67 patients with a mean age was 76.5 years. Median total operative time was 95 min with 20 (29%) patients having a combined procedure with ureterorenoscopy. Preoperative mean stone burden was 23.5 mm and complete stone clearance was achieved in 46 (66.7%) patients. Twelve (17.4%) patients had complications during their hospitalisation. Six were Clavien–Dindo class II or less and one Clavien–Dindo class V. The modified supine position for PCNL is safe in the elderly patient population and has advantages including reduced handling of patients and achieving adequate stone-free rates. These benefits are particularly important in the elderly population, which frequently has a reduced tolerance to adaptation.
Sparse Huber adaptive filter with correntropy induced metric penalty

The Huber adaptive filter is robust both in the Gaussian and non-Gaussian noise environments. The correntropy induced metric (CIM) is an excellent approximator of the l 0 -norm and can be used as a sparsity penalty term. Therefore, a novel sparse method based on the Huber cost with CIM constraint (CIM-Huber) is developed for sparse system identification in this paper. For comparison, the Huber cost functions with zero-attracting penalty (ZA-Huber) and reweighted zero-attracting penalty (RZA-Huber) algorithm are discussed briefly. Simulation results show that the proposed CIM-Huber has a better performance in the identification of sparse systems than the ZA-Huber and the RZA-Huber, and can also be applied to system identification under the cases of various noise environments.
Unsteadily manipulating internal flow barriers

Typical flows contain internal flow barriers: specialised time-moving Lagrangian entities which demarcate distinct motions. Examples include the boundary between an oceanic eddy and a nearby jet, the edge of the Antarctic circumpolar vortex or the interface between two fluids which are to be mixed together in an microfluidic assay. The ability to control the locations of these barriers in a user-specified time-varying (unsteady) way can profoundly impact fluid transport between the coherent structures which are separated by the barriers. A condition on the unsteady Eulerian velocity required to achieve this objective is explicitly derived, thereby solving an ‘inverse Lagrangian coherent structure’ problem. This is an important first step in developing flow-barrier control in realistic flows, and in providing a postprocessing tool for observational/experimental velocity data. The excellent accuracy of the method is demonstrated using the Kelvin–Stuart cats-eyes flow and the unsteady double gyre, utilising finite-time Lyapunov exponents.
Interview with Sophie Dyring and Samantha Donnelly on A Design Guide for Older Women’s Housing

ABSTRACT In 2022 Sophie Dyring and Samantha Donnelly published A Design Guide for Older Women’s Housing.1 The guide addresses older women’s housing needs through the lens of design and architecture and places women and their needs at the heart of the design process. It is based on conversations with women about different housing types and their experiences of space, safety, belonging and connection. Sophia Maalsen and Cathy Smith met with the authors to talk about women, housing, design, and architecture.
Association between Diet Quality and Stroke among Chinese Adults: Results from China Health and Nutrition Survey 2011

The low-burden Diet Quality Questionnaire (DQQ) is a standardized tool to collect indicators of dietary adequacy as well as indicators of the protection of health against noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) within the framework of the global diet quality project. Stroke is the leading cause of the cardiovascular disease burden in China, with poor diet being one of the major risk factors. In this study, we aimed to understand the association of several indicators of diet quality derived from the DQQ with stroke among Chinese adults and, further, to examine the gender differences using the 2011 wave of the China Health and Nutrition Survey. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the associations of the NCD-Protect score, NCD-Risk score, and global dietary recommendations score (GDR) score with stroke. There were 192 stroke cases (121 in men and 71 in women) of 12,051 adults. The continuous NCD-Risk score was positively associated with stroke in women (odds ratio (OR) = 1.52, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.13–2.06). When compared with women with an NCD-Risk score of 0 points, those with an NCD-Risk score ≥2 points had a higher risk of stroke (OR = 2.71, 95% CI: 1.35–5.43). In addition, compared with women with a GDR score ≤0, those with a GDR score ≥2 points had lower odds of stroke (OR = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.22–0.77). Poor diet quality, as reflected by the NCD-Risk score, was associated with an increased risk of stroke in Chinese women, but not in men. Our findings provided evidence that an optimal diet quality could be conducive to preventing stroke for Chinese women and suggested a diverse diet characterized by the limited consumption of unhealthy foods, such as red meat, processed meat, sweets, soft drinks (sodas), and packaged ultra-processed salty snacks.