Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diversification and trait evolution in New Zealand woody lineages across changing biomes

ABSTRACT Diversification of woody plant lineages in New Zealand has unfolded in complex physiographic, climatic, and environmental contexts. Many tree and shrub lineages have existed in New Zealand since the late Cenozoic when Forest was the dominant biome, subsequently diversifying (or continuing to diversify) during the Pliocene/Pleistocene as Open (below treeline) and Alpine biomes emerged. We examine the links between biomes occupied, traits, and diversification. In particular, whether traits are phylogenetically conserved or ecologically constrained and their relationship to biomes occupied. We focus on Melicytus, Myrsine and Pseudopanax which occur across Forest, Open, and Alpine biomes. Our approach combines measured traits and modelled niche traits of extant species to examine the importance of biome occupancy and biome shifts on trait evolution in these lineages. Our results demonstrate trait values are filtered by biomes in these lineages and can predict biomes occupied. However, few biome shifts were associated with trait evolution, typically only biome shifts into extreme environments (Alpine) involved trait innovations. In addition to biomes, trait evolution can also be influenced by species age, trait lability and broad climatic change. Integrating functional traits in a phylogenetic framework can identify how evolutionary and ecological features create modern biogeographic patterns in New Zealand.
Solutions of nonlinear equation of the curvilinear electromagnetic wave theory for point and non-point electron

In previous paper we have shown that there is a special kind of nonlinear electrodynamics - Curvilinear Wave Electrodynamics (CWED), whose equations are mathematically equivalent to the equations of quantum electrodynamics. The purpose of the present paper is to show that in framework of CWED the known solutions of the nonlinear electromagnetic equations can be considered as the approximate solutions of the nonlinear equation of CWED. Another purpose of this paper is to show, that these solutions allow the description of electron-like particle of CWED as point of non-point particles, depending on mathematical approach.
Remote Sensing Image Segmentation of Mariculture Cage Using Ensemble Learning Strategy

In harbour areas, the irrational layout and high density of mariculture cages can lead to a dramatic deterioration of the culture’s ecology. Therefore, it is important to analyze and regulate the distribution of cages using intelligent analysis based on deep learning. We propose a remote sensing image segmentation method based on the Swin Transformer and ensemble learning strategy. Firstly, we collect multiple remote sensing images of cages and annotate them, while using data expansion techniques to construct a remote sensing image dataset of mariculture cages. Secondly, the Swin Transformer is used as the backbone network to extract the remote sensing image features of cages. A strategy of alternating the local attention module and the global attention module is used for model training, which has the benefit of reducing the attention computation while exchanging global information. Then, the ensemble learning strategy is used to improve the accuracy of remote sensing cage segmentation. We carry out quantitative and qualitative analyses of remote sensing image segmentation of cages at the ports of Li’an, Xincun and Potou in Hainan Province, China. The results show that our proposed segmentation scheme has significant performance improvement compared to other models. In particular, the mIoU reaches 82.34% and pixel accuracy reaches 99.71%.
MBM-IoT: Intelligent Multi-Baseline Modelling of Heterogeneous
Device Behaviors against IoT Botnet

Now we are in an era of IoT. Lot of IoT hardware are ruling current market. Since we are connecting through Internet, security is a concern. Attacking to the system is big issue in this market. So lot of researches are going on this. To identify IoT botnet attack we are proposing a new method. First we generate individual behaviour baselines for different types of devices with Single conditional Variational Auto encoder model. Then detect with even minor deviations from baselines.
Exploring the effect of different usages of technology on the students' using behavior

Background: In recent years, due to the advancement of information and communications technologies (ICTs), various ICTs applications have become popular, and have started to change the ways of teaching and learning. Several studies have been carried out to apply various ICTs such as mobile technologies or collaborative technologies to learning, and further explore the factors that affect students' intention to use ICTs. Purpose: Despite efforts of these earlier works, few explored the effects of different usages of technology on students' using behavior. Specifically, current studies specifically focus on the investigation of one specific usage of a certain technology. For example, Cheung and Vogel (2013) used the technology acceptance model to explore factors that influence the acceptance of Google applications on collaborative learning. The results showed that subjective norms are positively related to students' intention to use Google applications. However, we argue that the different usages of the same technology may result in students' different using behaviors. Method: We constructed a quasi-experimental research design, in which students used Google Docs to collaboratively design the structure of the website. In the experimental group, each student of each group has a desktop computer, so that they can synchronously design the structure of the website through the Google Docs. On the other hand, in the control group, all students of each group only have one desktop computer, that is, they cannot design the structure of the website synchronously. Results: The results showed that in the control group, attitude toward using is the most important determinant of students' intention to use the technology, followed by perceived ease of use and facilitating conditions. On the other hand, in the experimental group, social influence is the most important determinant of students' intention to use the technology, followed by attitude toward using and perceived ease of use. Conclusions: The findings showed that the different usages of technology play an important role in influencing students' intention to use a technology. This suggests that when a technology will be used in education, researchers or teachers should think carefully about how to apply this technology in order to assist students in accept it readily.
Proof Of The Invalidity Of The Boltzmann Property In The FMO Many-Body Neutrino Model

There has been recent debate over the use of the Boltzmann property in the kinetic equations describing dense neutrino systems such as early Universe and Supernova core. A technique developed by Bell, Rawlinson, and Sawyer utilises the flavour evolution timescales of the neutrino systems to test the validity of this assumption. The Friedland-McKellar-Okuniewicz (FMO) many-body neutrino model was developed to conduct this test. It was concluded by its authors, using the Bell-Rawlinson-Sawyer timescale test, that the model lent support to the Boltzmann property assumption. We developed kinetic equations for the FMO model. By direct analysis of the kinetic equations we find, in stark contrast to Friedland et al., that in fact the Boltzmann property assumption does breakdown in the FMO model. We have shown that the Bell-Rawlinson-Sawyer timescale technique can only be used to invalidate the Boltzmann property but not validate it.
Mapping class group representations from Turaev-Viro TQFT for abelian groups

Abstract It is well known that (2 + 1) topological quantum field theories (TQFTs) induce representations for the mapping class groups (MCGs) of surfaces. In this paper, we work explicitly on the MCG representations of any genus from the Turaev-Viro TQFTs based on the category for the finite abelian group G and cocycle . As an application, we determine for torus the image of the MCG representation with the graphical calculus on the string-net diagram.
Lattice Boltzmann Simulation of Transient Natural Convection in a Staggered Cavity with Four Vertically Heated Walls

The work in this manuscript deals with the numerical simulation of natural convection in a staggered cavity with the help of a recently developed two-dimensional double Multiple-Relaxation-Time (MRT) thermal Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM). In the last decade, there has been a rapid rise in the development of Lattice Boltzmann methods. However, its application in the simulation of natural convection from a staggered cavity has been carried out for the first time in this study. A careful undermining into the existing literature of heat and mass transfer reveal that study of natural convections in cross-sectional cavities is notably absent. Therefore, in this manuscript, we attempt to review the recently developed method and tried to analyze its implementation on natural convection in a staggered cavity with four differentially heated vertical walls. The problem geometry has eight boundaries. It is a staggered cavity with adiabatic horizontal walls and differentially heated vertical walls. The flow inside the thermally driven staggered cavity has been carefully studied for Rayleigh numbers 103, 104 and 105. The velocity and pressure boundary conditions are determined by a non-equilibrium extrapolation rule. As no benchmark results are available in the literature for this relatively new problem, we carry out its simulation with the help of a yet another well established scheme. This scheme is a higher-order compact (HOC) scheme with fourth order spatial accuracy and second order temporal accuracy. Our results show that there is a very good agreement between both these methods which exemplifies the accuracy and credibility of our results.
Using Association Rules to Enrich Arabic Ontology

In this article, we propose the use of a minimal generic base of associative rules between term association rules, to automatically enrich an existing domain ontology. Initially, non-redundant association rules between terms are extracted from an Arabic corpus. Then, the matching of the candidate terms is done through the matching between the concepts of the initial ontology and the premises of the association rules, with three distance measures that we define.
Hybrid Control Scheme for Photovoltaic Microinverter With Adaptive Inductor

This paper studies the two-stage photovoltaic microinverter. Its prestage is a full-bridge dc–dc converter with an adaptive inductor whose inductance can be regulated by a controlled current source. The aim of the adaptive inductor is to realize current boundary continuous mode (BCM) operation with constant frequency and decrease the current stress of the switches in the prestage converter. The structure and operational principle of the proposed adaptive inductor are introduced. The mathematical model has been established for achieving the proper inductance of the adaptive inductor for BCM operation and for verifying the operational condition of the core. The current stress of switches and power loss of the prestage converter with the adaptive inductor or the fixed inductor are analyzed. A hybrid control strategy, which includes an adaptive inductor regulating controller, discontinuous conduction mode operation, and BCM selection in different power ranges, is proposed according to the derived mathematical model. The experimental results are presented to verify the analysis.
A Review Applying Industrial Waste Materials in Stabilisation of Soft Soil

Waste materials one of the most risky issues that the environment could be faced. So, many procedures have been taken by both the governments and individuals separately or together in order to reduce the effect of this global issue. One of these procedures were done by reduce the creating of the industrial waste, the reducing of waste does not mean there no waste will produce. However, the best way reduce theimpact of industrial wastes by reusing them or employed in another application such as soft soil stabilisations. Thus, in this research paper will discuss the differences between the using of traditional stabilisers materials and the cement replacement materials on both the strength of soil and physical features.
Banking Performance iIndonesia Pandemic Times: Comparison Between Conventional Commercial Banks And Sharia Commercial Banks

When Islamic banks were able to survive the economic crisis in Indonesia in 1997/1998 and 2018, compared to conventional banks, it has also prompted them to explore the existence of the two banking institutions in the face of the Covid 19 Pandemic which has had a negative impact on economic growth in Indonesia. Therefore, this study aims to see how the performance of conventional banking is compared to Islamic banking during the pandemic by focusing on commercial banks only. The research method uses a documentation study of banking data presented from various relevant sources, such as the OJK. The data are grouped according to the aspects being compared for further analysis. The study found that Islamic Commercial Banks (BUS) had better performance than Conventional Commercial Banks (BUK) in terms of: asset growth, fund distribution, TPF, and ROA. In the NPL/F aspect, BUS are 0,07 points higher than BUK.
Assessment of stress in patients with suicide attempts referred to the Emergency Poisoning Unit of Yazd in 2016

Summary Objective Stress and life changes such as ageing, spouse's death, divorce, marriage, job loss, retirement, illness, interpersonal relationships and a history of suicide ideation or attempt may be considered risk factors for suicide attempts. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between stress and suicide. Design Case-controlled and retrospective study. Participants Patients referred to the Emergency Poisoning Unit of Yazd, were used as a case group and other admitted patients with various plans and etiologies were a control group, matched on age, gender, marital status and place of residence Settings Patients were asked to fill out a questionnaire including age, gender, economic status, marital status, place of residence, a background of suicide, and history of family members' suicide as well as the Holmes-Rahe scale. SPSS 16, chi-square and t-test were used for analyzing data. Results Comparing the Holmes-Rahe stress scale's scores of the case group (312.9±84.60) and control group (224.62±85.57) showed a significant statistical difference (P<0.0001). Regarding stress intensity, the score in the case group showed 6% mild stress, 40% moderate stress, 54% severe stress, and in the control group, 13%, 61% and 26%, respectively. Holmes-Rahe stress scale score of stress intensity showed a significant statistical difference between groups (P<0.0001). Conclusion The results of this study suggest that stress was associated with increased suicide attempts. Funding None declared
Computing the Lyapunov operator \varphi-functions, with an application to matrix-valued exponential integrators

In this paper, we develop efficient and accurate evaluation for the Lyapunov operator function $\varphi_l(\mathcal{L}_A)[Q],$ where $\varphi_l(\cdot)$ is the function related to the exponential, $\mathcal{L}_A$ is a Lyapunov operator and $Q$ is a symmetric and full-rank matrix. An important application of the algorithm is to the matrix-valued exponential integrators for matrix differential equations such as differential Lyapunov equations and differential Riccati equations. The method is exploited by using the modified scaling and squaring procedure combined with the truncated Taylor series. A quasi-backward error analysis is presented to determine the value of the scaling parameter and the degree of the Taylor approximation. Numerical experiments show that the algorithm performs well in both accuracy and efficiency.
Noncanonical DNA Cleavage by BamHI Endonuclease in Laterally Confined DNA Monolayers Is a Step Function of DNA Density and Sequence

Cleavage of DNA at noncanonical recognition sequences by restriction endonucleases (star activity) in bulk solution can be promoted by global experimental parameters, including enzyme or substrate concentration, temperature, pH, or buffer composition. To study the effect of nanoscale confinement on the noncanonical behaviour of BamHI, which cleaves a single unique sequence of 6 bp, we used AFM nanografting to generate laterally confined DNA monolayers (LCDM) at different densities, either in the form of small patches, several microns in width, or complete monolayers of thiol-modified DNA on a gold surface. We focused on two 44-bp DNAs, each containing a noncanonical BamHI site differing by 2 bp from the cognate recognition sequence. Topographic AFM imaging was used to monitor end-point reactions by measuring the decrease in the LCDM height with respect to the surrounding reference surface. At low DNA densities, BamHI efficiently cleaves only its cognate sequence while at intermediate DNA densities, noncanonical sequence cleavage occurs, and can be controlled in a stepwise (on/off) fashion by varying the DNA density and restriction site sequence. This study shows that endonuclease action on noncanonical sites in confined nanoarchitectures can be modulated by varying local physical parameters, independent of global chemical parameters.
Effects of Agricultural Intensity on Nutrient and Sediment Contributions within the Cache River Watershed, Arkansas

Streams in agricultural lands tend to serve as a conduit for nutrient pollution. These streams are often modified and have reduced riparian zones, resulting in agriculture being the leading cause of nonpoint source pollution into streams of the United States. Eutrophication within the Gulf of Mexico has been attributed to nutrient and sediment contributions from watersheds within the greater Mississippi River Basin. One such watershed, the Cache River Watershed (CRW) located in northeast Arkansas, was assessed to determine the impacts of agricultural intensity on water quality at a local scale. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of agricultural activity on nutrient and sediment contributions to the CRW. Following American Public Health Association guidelines, physicochemical parameters, turbidity, and total nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) were analyzed weekly from October 2017–September 2020 at 12 subwatersheds of four varying agricultural intensities (low, low moderate, moderate high, high). Results indicate that physicochemical parameters increase (pH, conductivity, temperature) or decrease (dissolved oxygen) with increased agricultural intensity. Similarly, turbidity and total nutrients also increase (significantly for turbidity and total phosphorus) with increased intensity. Contributions of sediment and nutrients in the CRW not only influence local stream health but also contribute to hypoxia in the Gulf of Mexico.
The Effect of Counseling on Knowledge and Compliance of Patient with Diabetes Mellitus at Wates Public Health Center of Pringsewu

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by increased glucose levels in the blood. Doing counseling is one way to increase knowledge, patient compliance, and achieve optimal health. Lack of knowledge and patient non-compliance with treatment resulted in problems in improving the condition of patients with diabetes mellitus. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of counseling on the knowledge and compliance of patients with diabetes mellitus. This study was an observational study by using a quasi-experimental method with pre and post control groups to see the level of patient knowledge and assess the effectiveness of therapy as seen by the decrease in blood sugar levels of patients with diabetes mellitus at the Wates Public Health Center of Pringsewu from January to March 2021 with a study sample of 54 patients. The results showed that counseling can increase knowledge and compliance in diabetic patients with a p-value < 0.05, which means that there is a significant difference. This research was given counseling by pharmacists and nutritionists to increase knowledge and compliance of patients with diabetes mellitus and improve blood glucose control in diabetic patients at Wates Public Health Center of Pringsewu.
Transversal Malalignment and Proximal Involvement Play a Relevant Role in Unilateral Cerebral Palsy Regardless the Subtype

Classification of gait disorders in cerebral palsy (CP) remains challenging. The Winters, Gage, and Hicks (WGH) is a commonly used classification system for unilateral CP regarding the gait patterns (lower limb kinematics) solely in the sagittal plane. Due to the high number of unclassified patients, this classification system might fail to depict all gait disorders accurately. As the information on trunk/pelvic movements, frontal and transverse planes, and kinetics are disregarded in WGH, 3D instrumented gait analysis (IGA) for further characterization is necessary. The objective of this study was a detailed analysis of patients with unilateral CP using IGA taking all planes/degrees of freedom into account including pelvic and trunk movements. A total of 89 individuals with unilateral CP matched the inclusion criteria and were classified by WGH. Subtype-specific differences were analyzed. The most remarkable findings, in addition to the established WGH subtype-specific deviations, were pelvic obliquity and pelvic retraction in all WGH types. Furthermore, the unclassified individuals showed altered hip rotation moments and pelvic retraction almost throughout the whole gait cycle. Transversal malalignment and proximal involvement are relevant in all individuals with unilateral CP. Further studies should focus on WGH type-specific rotational malalignment assessment (static vs. dynamic, femoral vs. tibial) including therapeutic effects and potential subtype-specific compensation mechanisms and/or tertiary deviations of the sound limb.
Li-Ion Battery-Flywheel Hybrid Storage System: Countering Battery Aging During a Grid Frequency Regulation Service

In this paper, a hybrid storage system solution consisting of flywheels and batteries with a Lithium-manganese oxide cathode and a graphite anode is proposed, for supporting the electrical network primary frequency regulation. The aim of the paper is to investigate the benefits of flywheels in mitigation of the accelerating aging that li-ion batteries suffer during the grid frequency regulation operation. For this purpose, experimental aging tests have been performed on a lithium-manganese oxide battery module and an electrical battery model which takes into account the battery aging has been developed in a Simulink environment. Then, a flywheel electrical model has been implemented, taking into account the thermal and the electromechanical phenomena governing the electrical power exchange. This more complete model of a hybrid storage system enables us to simulate the same aging cycles of the battery-based storage system and to compare the performances of the latter with the hybrid storage system. The simulation results suggest that suitable control of the power shared between the batteries and the flywheels could effectively help in countering Li-ion battery accelerated aging due to the grid frequency regulation service.