Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Validation of a Non-invasive Inverse Problem-Solving Method for Stroke Volume

Stroke volume (SV) is a major biomarker of cardiac function, reflecting ventricular-vascular coupling. Despite this, hemodynamic monitoring and management seldomly includes assessments of SV and remains predominantly guided by brachial cuff blood pressure (BP). Recently, we proposed a mathematical inverse-problem solving method for acquiring non-invasive estimates of mean aortic flow and SV using age, weight, height and measurements of brachial BP and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV). This approach relies on the adjustment of a validated one-dimensional model of the systemic circulation and applies an optimization process for deriving a quasi-personalized profile of an individual’s arterial hemodynamics. Following the promising results of our initial validation, our first aim was to validate our method against measurements of SV derived from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in healthy individuals covering a wide range of ages (n = 144; age range 18–85 years). Our second aim was to investigate whether the performance of the inverse problem-solving method for estimating SV is superior to traditional statistical approaches using multilinear regression models. We showed that the inverse method yielded higher agreement between estimated and reference data (r = 0.83, P < 0.001) in comparison to the agreement achieved using a traditional regression model (r = 0.74, P < 0.001) across a wide range of age decades. Our findings further verify the utility of the inverse method in the clinical setting and highlight the importance of physics-based mathematical modeling in improving predictive tools for hemodynamic monitoring.
Turning the Curve Into Straight: Phenogenetics of the Spine Morphology and Coordinate Maintenance in the Zebrafish

The vertebral column, or spine, provides mechanical support and determines body axis posture and motion. The most common malformation altering spine morphology and function is adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), a three-dimensional spinal deformity that affects approximately 4% of the population worldwide. Due to AIS genetic heterogenicity and the lack of suitable animal models for its study, the etiology of this condition remains unclear, thus limiting treatment options. We here review current advances in zebrafish phenogenetics concerning AIS-like models and highlight the recently discovered biological processes leading to spine malformations. First, we focus on gene functions and phenotypes controlling critical aspects of postembryonic aspects that prime in spine architecture development and straightening. Second, we summarize how primary cilia assembly and biomechanical stimulus transduction, cerebrospinal fluid components and flow driven by motile cilia have been implicated in the pathogenesis of AIS-like phenotypes. Third, we highlight the inflammatory responses associated with scoliosis. We finally discuss recent innovations and methodologies for morphometrically characterize and analyze the zebrafish spine. Ongoing phenotyping projects are expected to identify novel and unprecedented postembryonic gene functions controlling spine morphology and mutant models of AIS. Importantly, imaging and gene editing technologies are allowing deep phenotyping studies in the zebrafish, opening new experimental paradigms in the morphometric and three-dimensional assessment of spinal malformations. In the future, fully elucidating the phenogenetic underpinnings of AIS etiology in zebrafish and humans will undoubtedly lead to innovative pharmacological treatments against spinal deformities.
Effects of Hydrostatic Pressure on Electrical Retinal Activity in a Multielectrode Array-Based ex vivo Glaucoma Acute Model

Glaucoma is a heterogeneous eye disease causing atrophy of the optic nerve head (ONH). The optic nerve is formed by the axons of the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) that transmit visual input to the brain. The progressive RGC loss during glaucoma leads to irreversible vision loss. An elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is described as main risk factor in glaucoma. In this study, a multielectrode array (MEA)-based ex vivo glaucoma acute model was established and the effects of hydrostatic pressure (10, 30, 60, and 90 mmHg) on the functionality and survival of adult male and female wild-type mouse (C57BL/6) retinae were investigated. Spontaneous activity, response rate to electrical and light stimulation, and bursting behavior of RGCs was analyzed prior, during, and after pressure stress. No pressure related effects on spontaneous firing and on the response rate of the RGCs were observed. Even a high pressure level (90 mmHg for 2 h) did not disturb the RGC functionality. However, the cells’ bursting behavior significantly changed under 90 mmHg. The number of spikes in bursts doubled during pressure application and stayed on a high level after pressure stress. Addition of the amino sulfonic acid taurine (1 mM) showed a counteracting effect. OFF ganglion cells did not reveal an increase in bursts under pressure stress. Live/dead staining after pressure application showed no significant changes in RGC survival. The findings of our ex vivo model suggest that RGCs are tolerant toward high, short-time pressure stress.
Two Decades of Hand Transplantation

Abstract Hand transplantation for upper extremity amputation provides a unique treatment that restores form and function, which may not be achieved by traditional reconstruction and prosthetics. However, despite enhancing quality of life, hand transplantation remains controversial, because of immunological complications, transplant rejection, and medication effects. This systematic literature review sought to collect information on current experiences and outcomes of hand transplants to determine the efficacy and utility of hand transplants. The databases PubMed, Scopus, and Embase were analyzed with combinations of “hand” or “upper extremity” or “arm” and “transplant” or “allograft,” with information collected on recipient characteristics, details of transplant, immunological outcomes, functional outcomes, and complications. Functional outcomes, as measured by Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder and Hand score, were compared between patient groups using Wilcoxon signed-rank test or 1-way analysis of variance test and post hoc Tukey test. Within the 108 articles that fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria, there were 96 patients with 148 hand transplants. There were 57 patients who experienced acute rejection and 5 patients with chronic rejection. Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand scores significantly decreased after hand transplantation and were significantly lower for distal transplants compared with proximal transplants. There were 3 patients with concurrent face transplantation and 2 patients with simultaneous leg transplants. Sixteen patients experienced amputation of the hand transplant, and there were 5 deaths. This study found that hand transplantation provides significant restoration of function and form, especially for proximal transplants. Reduction in complications, such as rejection and amputation, can be achieved by decreasing medication cost and patient education.
Proposed Acquisition and Customer Management Strategy For Titiktemu.Co.Id As An Online Consultation Marketplace Platform In Indonesia

Millennials are well-adapted technology users in their daily lives, values, life experiences, motivations, and purchasing behaviour in general (Moreno, Lafuente, Carreom, & Moreno, 2015). They are shopping for fun, seeking knowledge, freedom, problems breakout, and fantasy embodiment (Babin, Darden, & Griffin, 1994). As a marketplace for online consultation, the research objective is to analyse customers' characteristics and implementation plan for acquire and manage customers for titiktemu.co.id . Eighteen potential customers are the samples with qualitative methods. This research analyses STP , customer persona , marketing mix , competitor , and USP analysis . Furthermore, it formulated in strategy of customer journey , sales funnelling , and marketing mix . The acquisition strategies are Instagram content, online advertising, website, consultant rules, responsiveness, and collaboration. Furthermore, the retention strategies are formulated for systematic consultation, convenience, group chat, recommendation, and ease of booking and payment. There are consistency service standards and brand recalls for the new revenue and referral strategies .
Diagnostic Criteria of T1-Weighted Imaging for Detecting Intraplaque Hemorrhage of Vertebrobasilar Artery Based on Simultaneous Non-Contrast Angiography and Intraplaque Hemorrhage Imaging

Purpose: To investigate the diagnostic criteria of T1-weighted imaging (T1W) and time-of-flight (TOF) imaging for detecting intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH) of a vertebrobasilar artery (VBA) compared with simultaneous non-contrast angiography and intraplaque hemorrhage (SNAP) imaging. Materials and Methods: Eighty-seven patients with VBA atherosclerosis who underwent high resolution MR imaging for evaluation of VBA plaque were reviewed. The presence and location of VBA plaque and IPH on SNAP were determined. The signal intensity (SI) of the VBA plaque on T1W and TOF imaging was manually measured and the SI ratio against adjacent muscles was calculated. The receiveroperating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to compare the diagnostic accuracy for detecting VBA IPH. Results: Of 87 patients, 67 had IPH and 20 had no IPH on SNAP. The SI ratio between VBA IPH and temporalis muscle on T1W was significantly higher than that in the noIPH group (235.9 ± 16.8 vs. 120.0 ± 5.1, P < 0.001). The SI ratio between IPH and temporalis muscle on TOF was also significantly higher than that in the no-IPH group (236.8 ± 13.3 vs. 112.8 ± 7.4, P < 0.001). Diagnostic efficacies of SI ratios on TOF and TIW were excellent (AUC: 0.976 on TOF and 0.964 on T1W; cutoff value: 136.7% for TOF imaging and 135.1% for T1W imaging). Conclusion: Compared with SNAP, cutoff levels of the SI ratio between VBA plaque and temporalis muscle on T1W and TOF imaging for detecting IPH were approximately 1.35 times.
The complete chloroplast genome of Rhus punjabensis var. sinica

Abstract Rhus punjabensis var. sinica belongs to the family Anacardiaceae in the order Sapindales. In this study, we first reported the complete chloroplast genome sequence of R. punjabensis var. sinica. The cp genome was sequenced on Illumina Hiseq 2000 platform. The sequence was found to be 159,617 bp in length with 37.9% GC contents, including a large single-copy region of 87,694 bp, a small single-copy region of 18,971 bp, and a pair of inverted repeats of 26,476 bp. The chloroplast genome of R. punjabensis var. sinica contains 133 genes, including 86 protein-coding genes, 8 rRNA genes, and 2 pseudogenes identified by CPGAVAS2 and BLAST search, and 37 tRNA genes annotated by tRNAscan-SE. Maximum-likelihood (ML) phylogenetic analysis showed that R. punjabensis var. sinica was sister to Rhus potaninii.
Utilizing AI Planning on the Edge

The convergence between AI planning techniques and the Internet of Things (IoT) can solve various operational and business challenges. However, IoT systems’ stringent requirements such as latency and scalability have introduced several challenges to execute and scale planners in cloud environments. Edge computers placed close to the IoT domain (e.g., sensors) can be leveraged for implementing planners and overcoming scalability issues. We propose a conceptual framework highlighting executing Expressive Numeric Heuristic Search Planner on distributed devices in edge networks. As a proof of concept, we develop a simulator to show the applicability and feasibility of running planners on the edge. As a case study, we simulate a waste management problem and find the optimal route for disposing of? waste bins in a city. Throughout the experiments, the user can discover insightful information regarding the planner’s applicability on the edge.
CEREBRAL VENOUS SYSTEM ANATOMY

1Department of Radiology, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital, Singapore Correspondence: Dr Ge Shuliang, Resident, Department of Radiology, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital, 1 Jurong East Street 21, Singapore 609606. shuliang_ge@nuhs.edu. sg INTRODUCTION Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is uncommon compared to cerebral arterial disease, and its initial clinical manifestations are often non-specific. The most common presenting symptom is headache, while other clinical manifestations include focal neurological deficit, seizures, nausea and/or vomiting, and altered mental status. (1) Unenhanced head computed tomography (CT) is usually the first-line investigation of choice for these patients. However, the most striking findings on imaging can mimic other pathologies, leading to delayed or wrong diagnoses. As such, a good understanding of the pathophysiology, anatomy and myriad imaging findings of CVT is pivotal in making a timely and accurate diagnosis. An early diagnosis enables early institution of appropriate treatment, resulting in significantly improved patient morbidity and mortality. (2) In this article, we illustrate a wide spectrum of CVT cases.
Exploration of ESP Teaching Mode Reform under the Background of Flipped Classroom

: This paper starts with the teaching mode of flipped classroom, analyzes the characteristics of ESP teaching and the demand of various professional talents under the current era background. Then, from the theoretical research and practical technical means designed by flipped classroom, some methods to enhance teaching effect are proposed respectively. Especially, through the establishment of ESP teaching flipped classroom platform, the above theories are practiced Finally, the conclusion is given that the flipped classroom model can improve ESP teaching effect
Role of oxidant-antioxidant enzymes in managing the cardiovascular risks in nephrotic syndrome patients

Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) in nephrotic syndrome (NS) are involved in the oxidation of membrane proteins, lipoproteins and several receptor molecules ultimately leading to their functional deficit. It is involved in the pathogenesis of dyslipidemia in NS and also increases the oxidation of LDL (oxLDL), which is an important risk factor in thrombus generation and atherosclerosis. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is an early predictor of myocardial infarction and adverse cardiac events in patients with chest pain. MPO can also foresee the recurrent acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and myocardial infarction in patients. ‘MPO oxidized LDL’ also induces ROS production, lipid accumulation and reduces the antioxidant response in macrophages, however in an augmented way by using different pathways and might be more atherogenic. Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) prevents the oxidative modification of serum lipoproteins, which is one of the crucial steps in the initiation of atherogenesis. PON1 also contributes to the anti-atherogenic effect of HDL-c. Adult NS patients have increased lipid hydroxide levels and significantly decreased PON1 activity and total sulfhydryl levels when compared to healthy controls. While the increased risk of cardiovascular disease in NS patients is well documented, the exact etiology still remains controversial. This prevents the development of a specific treatment modality for the same. MPO as well as PON1 were found as important markers for the management of cardiovascular risk in NS patients. Estimation of these enzymes can therefore be performed in routine clinical practice as prognostic markers, owing to its ease of estimation and cost effectiveness.
Intelligent Dynamic Thermal Comfort Control System with Users' Learning

Considering the fact that the static thermal environment is unfavorable to the human's health since it can reduce the ability of human's heat adaptation,and the dynamic thermal environment is favorable to the human's health as it is similar to the natural environment.A dynamical thermal comfortable control system for the inhabited environment was proposed based on users' learning.The thermal comfort Predicted Mean Vote(PMV) index was the control aim of the system.The fuzzy learning algorithm of personal thermal comfort zone was proposed,which modified the personal thermal comfort zone on line to meet the needs of different humans.The dynamical thermal comfort control strategy was proposed based on computational experiments.The dynamical thermal comfort zone included comfort zone and energy saving zone,which changed periodically.The experiment results demonstrated that this method could meet the human's thermal comfort need and reduce the energy consumption,and is favorable to the human's health.
COMPARISON OF TRANSMISSION SCHEMES FOR POWER TRANSMISSION FROM JINSHAJIANG RIVER TO CENTRAL CHINA

In view of power transmission from Jinshajiang to Central China a fractional frequency power transmission system is planned and designed. Digital simulation of fractional frequency transmission system is performed. The technical economical comparison through the above mentioned simulation of the proposed method with that of traditional ac and dc transmission system shows that using fractional frequency transmission system the transmitted power can be remarkably increased. This method is not only of economical superiority, but also feasible.
Morphological and chemical characterization of atmospheric particles PM10 in an urban site in Leon, Guanajuato, Mexico

Start PM10 concentrations and their trace metals content (Cd, Co, Cu, Fe and Zn) were determined in an urban site of Leon, Guanajuato during the rainy season 2018. PM10 exceeded the maximum permissible levels established by the Mexican Standards and WHO, constituting a potential risk to population health. Trace metals levels in PM10 were analyzed by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry, and in addition, morphology and elemental content were studied for some selected particles by Scanning Electronic Microscopy and Energy Dispersive Spectrometry. Chemical and morphological characterization revealed that Fe was the more abundant metal (0.986 µg m-3 ), followed in order of importance by Zn (0.243 µg m-3 ), due to theses metals are related to the crustal. Lower concentrations were found for Cu (0.140 µg m-3 ), Cd (0.119 µg m-3 ), Mn (0.070 µg m-3 ) and Co (0.043 µg m-3 ). Meteorological analysis showed that sources located at the SW and NE of the sampling site (industrial parks and facilities related to metals and mineral extraction) influenced the measured concentrations. Enrichment factors showed that all the measured metals were highly influenced by anthropogenic activity. Cancer Risk (CR) and Non-Cancer Risk Coefficients (cardiovascular and respiratory diseases) did not exceed the maximum permissible level established by EPA.The first section in your paper.
Gravity Investigation of Saturn’s Inner System with the Innovative Skimmer Concept

We present an in-depth feasibility study of innovative gravity science measurements of Saturn’s inner system, which explores the different regions of the rings, the innermost moons, and the planet itself. The study is enabled by the novel Skimmer concept, where the spacecraft grazes repeatedly the rings over multiple passes. Because of the spacecraft’s proximity to the rings, the experiment allows for the determination of their radial density distribution with unprecedented accuracy. These observations are especially important for the B and F rings, whose masses are not well constrained. During the closest approaches to Saturn, the spacecraft is sensitive to its tidal perturbations measured by the Love number k 22, which holds key information about the interior structure of the planet. The orbit geometry also allows for close flybys of icy moons not explored by the Cassini mission from a gravity perspective. Specifically, we focus on the measurements of Mimas’s tidal perturbations, indicative of the presence of a submerged ocean under the icy surface. We perform precise numerical simulations of the gravity experiment and provide an account of the expected accuracies by means of a covariance analysis. The results are based on two trajectories of the Skimmer class which differ by altitude over the rings, proximity to Saturn, and number of passes. We find that the masses of the outer-ring regions are determined to better than 0.10 Mimas masses, with the case consisting of fewer but closer ring overflights generally yielding better accuracies. The 3σ uncertainty derived for Mimas’s k 2 is 0.02, after six close equatorial flybys.
Tool Trajectory Optimization of Spray Painting Robot for Composite Conical Surfaces

In order to solve the problem of poor coating uniformity of composite conical surfaces in tool trajectory optimization,a spray tool trajectory generation method was proposed according to the geometrical characteristics of conical surfaces.Using the spray trajectory optimization method that is based on the 3D model of a spray tool for conical surfaces,the tool trajectory optimization at the junction of the combined conical surfaces was discussed.Then,optimal objective functions were established to optimize the spray parameters.Simulation results show that the coating thickness after optimization meets the coating requirement.Compared with the general method,the proposed method can reduce the error of coating thickness between the maximal and ideal values by 0.4 μm,and reduce the error between the minimal and ideal values by 1.0 μm. In addition,the above errors are 0.8 and 1.4 μm less in combination of synclastic patches than those in combination of inverted patches.
Vision-Based Automatic Incident Detection System Using Image Sequences for Intersections

An incident detection system is proposed based on three incident features:traffic flow,vehicle angle and vehicle acceleration.The first step after image sequences acquisition from the video image of CCD camera is vehicle detection,and then the incident features such as direction of the moving vehicles,traffic flow and the acceleration are extracted in order to achieve the detection results.This process gives the best result by total 97.8% of correct rate and 1.02% of false alarm rate within 30 s.The result shows that this method has a good effect.
Design of low power quad-edge-triggered flip-flop

A design of QETFF(quad-edge-triggered flip-flop) based on ternary clock is proposed according to the principle that power optimization of a circuit can be obtained through reductions of the clock frequency under the constraint that its original performance does exist and the design method of the binary DETFF(double-edge-triggered flip-flop) based on binary clock.Multivalued signals possess the large information-carrying capacity,which are applied in clock network in order to reduce the power dissipation of system.QETFF makes use of all the four edges of ternary clock with a simple structure,lowering power consumption for no redundant edges.HSPICE simulations show that the designed QETFF performs ideal logic functionality with low power that can serve in binary sequential circuits and also in multivalued sequential circuits.