Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Megaproject Governance Research in China: A Review and Visual Analysis from the Whole Life Cycle Perspective

At present, the number of megaprojects in China is rapidly increasing, with multiple projects ranked as the world’s highest. To showcase the theoretical and practical achievements of China’s megaprojects to the world, a visual analysis was carried out using CiteSpace software based on data from 520 pieces of core literature related to megaproject governance in the CNKI database from 2001 to 2023. Our findings indicate that: the number of publications has significantly increased since 2016, with a core group of researchers significantly contributing to this field, while team collaboration needs to be strengthened; the research hotspots include social stability risks, transaction governance, and innovation in megaprojects; the research can be divided into three stages, starting with early macro-studies, gradually forming clear and hierarchical research branches, and beginning to develop in the direction of Chinese characteristics and innovative deepening in recent years; research on the megaproject governance system is becoming gradually more enriched, but there is a lack of research at the levels of top-level governance and operational governance. Finally, in order to advance the study of megaproject governance in China, future research directions are suggested.
Frictionally Excited Thermoelastic Instability and the Suppression of Its Exponential Rise in Disc Brakes

This paper deals with processes of thermoelastic instability occurring on brake systems that become evident as a non-uniform distribution of temperature with hot spots on contact surfaces. Thermoelastic instability is accompanied by the exponential rising of temperature amplitudes of hot spots during its initial linear phase. The authors discuss different mechanisms of interruption of the growth, based on experimental and computational results. An example of experimental data is presented for the case of a disc brake.
Marker-Based Localization System Using an Active PTZ Camera and CNN-Based Ellipse Detection

Localization in GPS-denied environments is challenging, and many existing solutions have infrastructural and on-site calibration requirements. This article tackles these challenges by proposing a localization system that is infrastructure free and does not require on-site calibration, using a single active pan–tilt–zoom camera to detect, track, and localize a circular LED marker. We propose to use a convolutional neural network (CNN) trained using only synthetic images to detect the LED marker as an ellipse and show that our approach is more robust than using traditional ellipse detection without requiring tuning of parameters for feature extraction. We also propose to leverage the predicted elliptical angle as a measure of uncertainty of the CNN's predictions and show how it can be used in a filter to improve marker range estimation and 3-D localization. We evaluate our system's performance through localization of a unmanned aerial vehicle in real-world flight experiments and show that it can outperform alternative methods for localization in GPS-denied environments. We also demonstrate our system's performance in indoor and outdoor environments.
Synchronization in Electrical Circuits With Memristors and Grounded Capacitors

Motivated by neuromorphic computing applications, this letter considers electrical circuits comprising memristors and grounded capacitors, connected to external sources. By using the flux-charge domain modelling approach, we will derive an initial value problem describing the dynamic behaviour of this circuit. Given an initial value and a fixed input, we will show that the fluxes in this circuit converge to an equilibrium. Furthermore, we show that when the fluxes reach this equilibrium, we achieve voltage synchronisation, i.e., no more currents are flowing through the circuit. These results are emphasised in an illustration.
Mapping the Oceanic Mesoscale Circulation: Validation of Satellite Altimetry Using Surface Drifters

Abstract This study aims to show that Lagrangian surface drifters are a suitable means of validating the mapping of oceanic mesoscale circulation by satellite altimetry. Tests are done using Geosat data to simulate drifter trajectories in the Azores-Madeira area. Multivariate objective analysis is then done to estimate the dynamic topography and its associated formal error using the velocity measurements obtained along drifter trajectories. This dynamic-topography field is compared with the reference field as given by Geosat data. Sensitivity to drifter number and energy level is studied. It is shown that with 25 drifters in a 500-km × 500-km area, the dynamic topography is obtained to within a formal accuracy of around 10%–20%. The difference between the estimated and reference fields is below 2 cm rms. These errors are smaller than the mapping errors induced by the space-time sampling of ERS-1 or TOPEX-POSEIDON satellites. According to these preliminary results, surface drifters are an efficient tool fo.
Environmentally oriented control systems

Environmental safety is currently gaining popularity in all areas of human activity. The release of various inorganic and organic chemicals in various industries, textile, pharmaceutical, agricultural and tanneries, is highly toxic to the environment and human health. In order to manage these impacts, it is necessary to prioritize environmental aspects in order to focus on those that will be recognized as more significant and have a greater impact on the environment. The main factors of an environmentally friendly product are production from natural raw materials, in environmentally friendly areas, away from industrial centers. The greening of agricultural activities and the transition of producers to the production of an environmentally friendly product, organic products is relevant, since it is the safety of food raw materials and food products that is one of the main factors determining people's health.
Hydrogen Bond Binding of Water to Two Cholic Acid Residues

: Cholic acid is a trihydroxy bile acid with three hydroxy groups at C-3, C-7 and C-12 carbon atoms; two methyl groups at C-10 and C-13 carbon atoms of the steroid nucleus; and a carboxylic group at C24 of the side alkyl chain. The distance between the oxygen atoms linked to C-7 and C-12 (~4.5 Å) perfectly matches with the edge distance between oxygen atoms in ice. This leads to the design of a cholic acid dimer in which one water molecule is encapsulated between two cholic residues, resembling an ice-like structure. The water molecule participates in four hydrogen bonds, the water simultaneously being acceptor from the O12-H hydroxy groups (two bonds with lengths of 2.177 Å and 2.114 Å) and the donor towards the O-7-H groups (two bonds with lengths of 1.866 Å and 1.920 Å). Regarding this communication, we present the application of the “atoms in molecules” (AIM) theory to the tetrahedral structure. The analysis of the calculated electron density, ρ , is performed using its gradient vector, ∇ ρ , and the Laplacian, ∇ 2 ρ . The calculation of the complexation energy used correction of the basis set superposition error (BSSE) and the counterpoise method. As expected, four critical (3, − 1) points located in the H . O bond paths were identiﬁed. All calculated parameters are in concordance with those of similar systems and obey the proposed criteria for hydrogen bonds. The total energy for the interaction is − 12.67 kcal/mol and is analysed using proposed energy/electron density equations.
Inference for multiple change points in time series via likelihood ratio scan statistics

We propose a likelihood ratio scan method for estimating multiple change points in piecewise stationary processes. Using scan statistics reduces the computationally infeasible global multiple‐change‐point estimation problem to a number of single‐change‐point detection problems in various local windows. The computation can be efficiently performed with order O{npt log (n)}. Consistency for the estimated numbers and locations of the change points are established. Moreover, a procedure is developed for constructing confidence intervals for each of the change points. Simulation experiments and real data analysis are conducted to illustrate the efficiency of the likelihood ratio scan method.
The elastic properties of hexagonal auxetics under pressure

Elastic properties of the hexagonal crystals under pressure were analyzed. Seven crystals with negative Poisson's ratio (auxetics) were revealed at zero pressure. These are crystals of MoS2, Zn, Be, BeCu (alloy with 2.4 at.% Cu), TiB2, C7H12, and MnAs. Analytical expressions of extreme values of Poisson's ratio and Young's modulus were obtained. For these materials, the variability of Poisson's ratio and Young's modulus was analyzed at pressure change. It was shown that all seven hexagonal auxetics may become completely auxetic under certain pressure values. The variability of the elastic properties of graphite and SiC, being non‐auxetics at zero pressure, was considered. These crystals become partially auxetic at negative pressure (−15 GPa for graphite and −56 GPa for silicon carbide) and completely auxetic at −114 and −122 GPa, respectively.
Pneumonia disease detection and classification system using naive Bayesian technique

Pneumonia is a chronic inflammation illness that affects both children and adults and is spread by various bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Since there are not enough specialists and facilities to interpret the findings of lab-based diagnosis, resulting to several cases of Pneumonia-related deaths. When the disease is discovered at an early stage as opposed to a later stage, it can be easily managed or controlled. The aim of the study is to create an effective pneumonia disease detection and classification system that uses Naive Bayesian and random forest Algorithms. The hash-based function was applied to train the model on X-ray chest samples from patients with pneumonia in order to improve detection accuracy and decrease classification errors. The hashing-based function was employed to compute and convert X-ray image features to a corresponding numerical code or label stored in a relative address and used as an array of reference given the associated values. The system was implemented using a future scaling technique that required the use of a hash encoding algorithm for the categorical labels of the target variable, and it improved model performance. We validated and compared the techniques in terms of accuracy and RMSE across different fine-tuned hyper-parameter values. The RF produced 97% with 3.33 error rate while NB recorded 99.08% accuracy rate as the best with 0.020 RMSE value.
A Review on Digestive System of Rhynchophorus ferrugineus as Potential Target to Develop Control Strategies

Simple Summary The red palm weevil poses a significant threat to palm species, resulting in substantial economic losses. While multiple methods have been developed to control its infestations, there is an urgent need for eco-friendly insecticides that selectively target its critical systems or pathways. One such target is its digestive system, which is essential for its survival. This review highlights the potential of using the digestive system of the red palm weevil to manage its infestations. Proteomic and transcriptomic data analyses on the weevils have provided a better understanding of the protein and gene compositions in its digestive system. With technological advancements, a more comprehensive approach can be taken to explore the opportunities in manipulating the data on the digestive system of red palm weevil, leading to improved management methods. Abstract Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, commonly known as red palm weevil (RPW), is a high-risk insect pest that has become a threat to many important palm species. There are several dominant factors that lead to the successful infestation of RPW, including its stealthy lifestyle, highly chitinized mouthpart, and high fecundity rate. Due to that, millions of dollars of losses have been suffered by many countries invaded by RPW. Several methods have been designed to control its invasion, including the usage of insecticides, but many cause resistance and environmental pollution. Therefore, an environmentally friendly insecticide that targets specific systems or pathways in RPW is urgently needed. One of the potential targets is the digestive system of RPW, as it is the major interface between the insect and its plant host. The related knowledge of RPW’s digestive system, such as the anatomy, microflora, transcriptomic analysis, and proteomic analysis, is important to understand its effects on RPW’s survival. Several data from different omics regarding the digestive systems of RPW have been published in separate reports. Some of the potential targets have been reported to be inhibited by certain potential insecticides, while other targets have not yet been tested with any inhibitors. Hence, this review may lead to a better understanding on managing infestations of RPW using the system biology approach for its digestive system.
The Causal Effect of Dietary Composition on the Risk of Breast Cancer: A Mendelian Randomization Study

Breast cancer has become the most common malignancy among women, posing a severe health risk to women worldwide and creating a heavy social burden. Based on current observational studies, the dietary factor may have a causal relationship with breast cancer. Therefore, exploring how dietary composition affects breast cancer incidence will provide nutrition strategies for clinicians and women. We performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to find the causal effect of four kinds of relative macronutrient intake (protein, carbohydrate, sugar, and fat) on the risk of breast cancer and its subtypes [Luminal A, Luminal B, Luminal B HER2-negative, HER2-positive, Triple-negative, Estrogen receptor (ER) positive, and ER-negative breast cancer]. The Mendelian randomization pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) test, MR-Egger intercept test, Cochran’s Q statistic, funnel plot, and leave-one-out (Loo) analysis were all used in a sensitivity analysis to test the robustness of MR. Genetically, a higher relative protein intake was found as a protective factor for Luminal A and overall breast cancer, which was inconsistent with recent findings. A higher relative sugar intake could genetically promote the risk of Luminal B and HER2-positive breast cancer. Conclusions: A higher protein proportion in diet genetically reduces the risk of breast cancer, while higher relative sugar intake does the opposite.
LoRaute: Routing Messages in Backhaul LoRa Networks for Underserved Regions

LoRa technology endows unprecedented ability to connect isolated geographical landscapes and build community networks that serve specific purposes. As the network grows, coherent routing of messages becomes imperative to meet the network’s objectives and Quality of Service (QoS) requirements. However, despite the recent rise in research and development centered around LoRa networks, not much research addresses the routing mechanisms in LoRa networks. Moreover, the LoRa routing mechanisms must run on low-power and resource-constrained devices, as these networks primarily target far-off locations or volatile environments such as volcanoes. Hence, this work proposes routing mechanisms (LoRaute) for LoRa networks that help route messages considering the messages’ QoS requirements. Also, a multipurpose network hardware is proposed, which serves as a LoRa network base station or a WiFi to LoRa bridge for TCP/IP communication. Additionally, this work furnishes and assesses the implementation of the LoRa network and the routing mechanisms in a real environment. The implementation results indicate a seamless and rapid setup of multihop LoRa networks. Moreover, the implementation achieves a routing table record size of 9 B, 24.45 ms routing latency, and 171 mA peak current consumption by the proposed LoRa node. Finally, the proposed system serves as a backhaul network for essential long-range communications, as demonstrated by the experimental setup.
Long-wavelength asymptotics of unstable crossflow modes, including the effect of surface curvature

Stationary vortex instabilities with wavelengths significantly larger than the thickness of the underlying three-dimensional boundary layer are studied with asymptotic methods. The long-wavelength Rayleigh modes are locally neutral and aligned with the direction of the local inviscid streamline. For a spanwise wave number β ≪ 1, the spatial growth rate of these vortices is O(β3/2). When β becomes O(R-1/7), the viscous correction associated with a thin sublayer near the surface modifies the inviscid growth rate to the leading order. As β is further decreased through this regime, viscous effects assume greater significance and dominate the growth-rate behaviour. The spatial growth rate becomes comparable to the real part of the wave number when β = O(R-¼ ). At this stage, the disturbance structure becomes fully viscous-inviscid interactive and is described by the triple-deck theory. For even smaller values of β, the vortex modes become nearly neutral again and align themselves with the direction of the wall-shear stress. Thus the study explains the progression of the crossflow-vortex structure from the inflectional upper branch mode to nearly neutral long-wavelength modes that are aligned with the wall-shear direction.
Prediction Model Based on DoE and FTIR Data to Control Fast Setting and Early Shrinkage of Alkaline-Activated Slag/Silica Fume Blended Cementitious Material

This study aims to develop a material-saving performance prediction model for fast-hardening alkali-activated slag/silica fume blended pastes. The hydration process in the early stage and the microstructural properties after 24 h were analyzed using design of experiments (DoE). The experimental results show that the curing time and the FTIR wavenumber of the Si-O-T (T = Al, Si) bond in the band range of 900–1000 cm−1 after 24 h can be predicted accurately. In detailed investigations, low wavenumbers from FTIR analysis were found to correlate with reduced shrinkage. The activator exerts a quadratic and not a silica modulus-related conditioned linear influence on the performance properties. Consequently, the prediction model based on FTIR measurements proved to be suitable in evaluation tests for predicting the material properties of those binders in the building chemistry sector.
An Update on Familial Mediterranean Fever

(1) Background: Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) is the prototypal autoinflammatory disease, characterized by recurrent bursts of neutrophilic inflammation. (2) Methods: In this study we look at the most recent literature on this condition and integrate it with novel information on treatment resistance and compliance. (3) Results: The canonical clinical presentation of FMF is in children with self-limited episodes of fever and polyserositis, associated with severe long-term complications, such as renal amyloidosis. It has been described anecdotally since ancient times, however only recently it has been characterized more accurately. We propose an updated overview on the main aspects of pathophysiology, genetics, diagnosis and treatment of this intriguing disease. (4) Conclusions: Overall, this review presents the all the main aspects, including real life outcome of the latest recommendation on treatment resistance of FMF, a disease, that not only helped understanding the pathophysiology of the auto inflammatory process but also the functioning of the innate immune system itself.
A Novel Image Encryption Scheme based on the LSM Chaotic System

The Logistic-Sine map (LSM) chaotic system is introduced by combing the Logistic map (LM) and Sin map (SM). The bifurcation diagrams show that the chaotic range of LSM is much larger than these of the Logistic or Tent maps. Complexity characteristics of Logistic map, Sine map and Logistic-Sine map are analyzed based on C0 algorithm. The results show that C0 complexity value of the LSM is the largest one among the three. Then, a novel image encryption scheme based on the LSM chaotic system was proposed. First, the positions of image pixels are shuffled through swapping positions randomly by using chaotic values. The permutation sequences are ralated to plain-images by introducing the plaintext feedback technique. Second, the diffusion procedure with LSM is introduced to diffuse the image, which is composed of two rounds. The experimental results and analysis by using several security measures show that the proposed image encryption scheme has high security and efficiency.
Development of a Urine Metabolomics Biomarker-Based Prediction Model for Preeclampsia during Early Pregnancy

Preeclampsia (PE) is a condition that poses a significant risk of maternal mortality and multiple organ failure during pregnancy. Early prediction of PE can enable timely surveillance and interventions, such as low-dose aspirin administration. In this study, conducted at Stanford Health Care, we examined a cohort of 60 pregnant women and collected 478 urine samples between gestational weeks 8 and 20 for comprehensive metabolomic profiling. By employing liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LCMS/MS), we identified the structures of seven out of 26 metabolomics biomarkers detected. Utilizing the XGBoost algorithm, we developed a predictive model based on these seven metabolomics biomarkers to identify individuals at risk of developing PE. The performance of the model was evaluated using 10-fold cross-validation, yielding an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.856. Our findings suggest that measuring urinary metabolomics biomarkers offers a noninvasive approach to assess the risk of PE prior to its onset.
Volatility Contagion and Portfolio Diversification among Sharīʿah and Conventional Indices: An Evidence by MGARCH Models

Risk mitigation is one of the main concerns for an investor, and has gotten renewed attention after the 2007-2008 financial crisis. This paper tries to examine the scope of Sharīʿah indices in offering an opportunity for portfolio diversification. The paper empirically analyzes the existence of volatility contagion among conventional and Sharīʿah indices and delves into the presence of portfolio diversification opportunities among them.