Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An intercultural perspective toward supporting antipsychotic medication adherence in clinical practice

In the UK, the incidence of schizophrenia appears highest in Black Caribbean and Black African communities (four- to six-fold that of the White British population). The incidence of psychosis in other minority ethnic groups is also raised, but to a lesser magnitude. Although there are numerous environmental confounding factors, the data stresses the importance of optimising treatment in high-risk (minority) groups. Antipsychotic nonadherence is the most common reason for schizophrenia relapse, and is associated with increased rates of relapse, readmission to hospital and suicide. This article examines available literature to discover how culture can affect antipsychotic nonadherence, and considers culture-based solutions that could enhance antipsychotic adherence. Acknowledging the importance of the therapeutic alliance and sociocultural aspects in antipsychotic adherence, I argue that current cultural competence training provided to clinicians is inadequate. Organisational- and system-level approaches are required to reduce oppressive practise and promote culturally competent, person-centred care.
Student intentions to engage instructors in mental health-related conversations: An application of the theory of planned behavior.

OBJECTIVE Considering that college students experience mental health issues and college counseling centers are overwhelmed, this study identifies instructors as a potential mental health resource for students. This study utilizes the theory of planned behavior to investigate the relationship between students' attitudes, injunctive and descriptive norms, perceived behavioral control, and their intentions to engage their instructors in mental health conversations. PARTICIPANTS Participants were 311 undergraduate students at a small, private university in Southern California. METHODS Participants were recruited through a Communication subject pool and completed an online survey about engaging instructors in these conversations. RESULTS Results of a regression analysis indicate that all theoretical constructs positively predict students' intentions to discuss mental health with an instructor. CONCLUSIONS By providing insight into students' intentions to utilize instructors as mental health resources on campus, these findings yield practical implications for better preparing universities and their faculty to engage in students' mental health.
Rivaroxaban Reduces the Dabigatran Dose Required for Anticoagulation During Simulated Cardiopulmonary Bypass

BACKGROUND: Heparin is the standard anticoagulant for cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB); however, there are problems with its use that make the development of suitable alternatives desirable. Currently, no ideal alternative exists. We have previously reported that the direct thrombin inhibitor dabigatran can prevent coagulation in simulated CPB at high concentrations. These high concentrations may cause difficulties in achieving the reversal of dabigatran with idarucizumab, given the markedly different pharmacokinetics of the 2 drugs. Herein, we test the hypothesis that the addition of the anti-Xa drug rivaroxaban would provide suitable anticoagulation at a lower concentration of dabigatran given likely synergy between the 2 classes of drugs. The primary goal of the study was to investigate whether the addition of rivaroxaban reduces the concentration of dabigatran necessary to allow 2 hours of simulated CPB. METHODS: The study was performed in sequential steps. Blood collected from consenting healthy donors was used throughout. First, we added graded concentrations of dabigatran and rivaroxaban alone and in combination and assessed inhibition of anticoagulation using thromboelastometry. Using results from this step, combinations of dabigatran and rivaroxaban were tested in both Chandler loop and simulated CPB circuits. Dabigatran and rivaroxaban were added before recalcification, and the circuits were run for 120 minutes. In both models of CPB, 120 minutes of circulation without visible thrombus was considered successful. In the Chandler loop system, idarucizumab was added to reverse anticoagulant effects. In the CPB circuits, the arterial line filters were examined using scanning electron microscope (SEM) to qualitatively assess for fibrin deposition. RESULTS: In vitro analysis of blood samples treated with dabigatran and rivaroxaban showed that dabigatran and rivaroxaban individually prolonged clotting time (CT) in a dose-dependent manner. However, when combined, the drugs behaved synergistically. In the Chandler loop system, dabigatran 2400 and 4800 ng/mL plus rivaroxaban (150 ng/mL) effectively prevented clot formation and reduced the dynamics of clot propagation for 120 minutes. Idarucizumab (250–1000 µg/mL) effectively reversed anticoagulation. In the CPB circuits, dabigatran (2500 ng/mL) and rivaroxaban (200 ng/mL) were successful in allowing 120 minutes of simulated CPB and prevented fibrin deposition. Biomarkers of coagulation activation did not increase during simulated CPB. Heparin controls performed similarly to dabigatran and rivaroxaban. CONCLUSIONS: The dual administration of oral anticoagulant drugs (dabigatran and Rivaroxaban) with different pharmacologic mechanisms of action produced synergistic inhibition of coagulation in vitro and successfully prevented clotting during simulated CPB.
Cross Talk rebuttal: Schwartz and Gundersen

While we agree with Kirby and Dupont-Versteegden (2022a) that muscles acquire new nuclei via satellite cell fusion to facilitate growth and repair, we differ in our views regarding the fate of preexisting myonuclei. Based on lineage tracing studies in mouse, they suggest that ∼4% of nuclei are newly acquired in homeostatic muscle (Masschelein et al., 2020). However, as the authors of that paper warn, this represents a baseline-value with methodological problems associated with: promoter leakiness, imperfect sorting (see Bengtsen et al., 2021), and diffusible reporters. On the presumption that myonuclear numbers do increase over time, Kirby and Dupont-Versteegden (2022a) reason that some mechanism for nuclear elimination must maintain steady-state numbers. While they caution that published studies only offer a ‘snap shot’ of nuclear numbers, and therefore may miss alterations in myonuclear number, Bruusgaard and Gundersen (2008) performed a detailed timeseries analysis in single muscle fibers in vivo, and demonstrated complete retention of myonuclei over a 3-week period of atrophy. In agreement with the long-term preservation of myonuclei, 14C measurements suggest that they have a half-life of >15 years in mammals (Spalding et al., 2005). In the absence of a demonstrable mechanism for myonuclear loss, Kirby and Dupont-Versteegden (2022a) reason that some yet-to-be-defined process may be at play. One proposed mechanism is EndoG-mediated apoptosis. However, like caspases, EndoG is a diffusible protein, so it is unclear how one nucleus could be destroyed without affecting neighbouring ones. They also speculate that ‘nuclear fallout’ could be involved. This is a very specialized process in Drosophila embryos that takes place before cellularization, at a time when the nuclei are not yet transcriptionally active (Iampietro et al., 2014). During ‘fall out’, damaged nuclei descend from the periphery to preclude incorporation into the developing epithelium. Since vertebrate myonuclei are not mobile in vivo (Bruusgaard et al., 2003), and a mechanism for myonuclear destruction has not been described, it is not clear how this could reduce myonuclear number. Kirby and Dupont-Versteegden (2022b) also suggest that there may be evolutionary advantages to removing old nuclei in favour of new ones.While intriguing, there is more compelling evidence that the retention of preexisting myonuclei during atrophy facilitates rapid re-growth of muscle mass upon re-training, a phenomenon known as ‘muscle memory’ (Egner et al., 2013). In summary, the prevailing data supports the hypothesis that once a muscle fibre acquires a nucleus, it keeps it.
TPpred-ATMV: therapeutic peptide prediction by adaptive multi-view tensor learning model

MOTIVATION Therapeutic peptide prediction is important for the discovery of efficient therapeutic peptides and drug development. Researchers have developed several computational methods to identify different therapeutic peptide types. However, these computational methods focus on identifying some specific types of therapeutic peptides, failing to predict the comprehensive types of therapeutic peptides. Moreover, it is still challenging to utilize different properties to predict the therapeutic peptides. RESULTS In this study, an adaptive multi-view based on the tensor learning framework TPpred-ATMV is proposed for predicting different types of therapeutic peptides. TPpred-ATMV constructs the class and probability information based on various sequence features. We constructed the latent subspace among the multi-view features and constructed an auto-weighted multi-view tensor learning model to utilize the high correlation based on the multi-view features. Experimental results showed that the TPpred-ATMV is better than or highly comparable with the other state-of-the-art methods for predicting eight types of therapeutic peptides. AVAILABILITY The code of TPpred-ATMV is accessed at: https://github.com/cokeyk/TPpred-ATMV. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
An overview of gene regulation in bacteria by small RNAs derived from mRNA 3′ ends

Abstract Over the past two decades, small noncoding RNAs (sRNAs) that regulate mRNAs by short base pairing have gone from a curiosity to a major class of post-transcriptional regulators in bacteria. They are integral to many stress responses and regulatory circuits, affecting almost all aspects of bacterial life. Following pioneering sRNA searches in the early 2000s, the field quickly focused on conserved sRNA genes in the intergenic regions of bacterial chromosomes. Yet, it soon emerged that there might be another rich source of bacterial sRNAs—processed 3′ end fragments of mRNAs. Several such 3′ end-derived sRNAs have now been characterized, often revealing unexpected, conserved functions in diverse cellular processes. Here, we review our current knowledge of these 3′ end-derived sRNAs—their biogenesis through ribonucleases, their molecular mechanisms, their interactions with RNA-binding proteins such as Hfq or ProQ and their functional scope, which ranges from acting as specialized regulators of single metabolic genes to constituting entire noncoding arms in global stress responses. Recent global RNA interactome studies suggest that the importance of functional 3′ end-derived sRNAs has been vastly underestimated and that this type of cross-regulation between genes at the mRNA level is more pervasive in bacteria than currently appreciated.
The future of Earth system prediction: Advances in model-data fusion

Predictions of the Earth system, such as weather forecasts and climate projections, require models informed by observations at many levels. Some methods for integrating models and observations are very systematic and comprehensive (e.g., data assimilation), and some are single purpose and customized (e.g., for model validation). We review current methods and best practices for integrating models and observations. We highlight how future developments can enable advanced heterogeneous observation networks and models to improve predictions of the Earth system (including atmosphere, land surface, oceans, cryosphere, and chemistry) across scales from weather to climate. As the community pushes to develop the next generation of models and data systems, there is a need to take a more holistic, integrated, and coordinated approach to models, observations, and their uncertainties to maximize the benefit for Earth system prediction and impacts on society.
Emergence, Evolution, and Biological Characteristics of H10N4 and H10N8 Avian Influenza Viruses in Migratory Wild Birds Detected in Eastern China in 2020

The emerging avian influenza reassortants and mutants in birds pose an increasing threat to poultry and public health. H10 avian influenza viruses are widely prevalent in wild birds, poultry, seals, and minks and pose an increasing threat to human health. ABSTRACT H10Nx influenza viruses have caused increasing public concern due to their occasional infection of humans. However, the genesis and biological characteristics of H10 viruses in migratory wild birds are largely unknown. In this study, we conducted active surveillance to monitor circulation of avian influenza viruses in eastern China and isolated five H10N4 and two H10N8 viruses from migratory birds in 2020. Genetic analysis indicated that the hemagglutinin (HA) genes of the seven H10 viruses were clustered into the North American lineage and established as a novel Eurasian branch in wild birds in South Korea, Bangladesh, and China. The neuraminidase (NA) genes of the H10N4 and H10N8 viruses originated from the circulating HxN4 and H5N8 viruses in migratory birds in Eurasia. We further revealed that some of the novel H10N4 and H10N8 viruses acquired the ability to bind human-like receptors. Animal studies indicated that these H10 viruses can replicate in mice, chickens, and ducks. Importantly, we found that the H10N4 and H10N8 viruses can transmit efficiently among chickens and ducks but induce lower HA inhibition (HI) antibody titers in ducks. These findings emphasized that annual surveillance in migratory waterfowl should be strengthened to monitor the introduction of wild-bird H10N4 and H10N8 reassortants into poultry. IMPORTANCE The emerging avian influenza reassortants and mutants in birds pose an increasing threat to poultry and public health. H10 avian influenza viruses are widely prevalent in wild birds, poultry, seals, and minks and pose an increasing threat to human health. The occasional human infections with H10N8 and H10N3 viruses in China have significantly increased public concern about the potential pandemic risk posed by H10 viruses. In this study, we found that the North American H10 viruses have been successfully introduced to Asia by migratory birds and further reassorted with other subtypes to generate novel H10N4 and H10N8 viruses in eastern China. These emerging H10 reassortants have a high potential to threaten the poultry industry and human health due to their efficient replication and transmission in chickens, ducks, and mice.
Post-Exercise Hyperbaric Oxygenation Improves Recovery for Subsequent Performance

ABSTRACT Background: The improvement of athletes’ recovery seems crucial to maintaining a high-performance level. Since hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) could be a valuable recovery method, this study aimed at determining the effects of post-exercise HBO at modest pressure (97% O2; 1.3 ATA) on physiological response and subsequent cycling performance compared to passive recovery (PR; 21% O2; 1 ATA). Methods: Twelve trained cyclists completed two testing sessions in a random crossover design. Both sessions consisted of one fatiguing exercise immediately followed by either HBO or PR recovery intervention (75 minutes), then a 5-minute maximal cycling effort. Cycling power output, heart rate variability (HRV) during recovery, blood lactate, and the rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were analyzed and compared between conditions. Results: Compared with PR, the cycling power output was significantly higher after HBO (307.5 ± 19.0 W vs 314.5 ± 19.3 W; p = .005; ES = 0.11 [−0.70–0.90]). Moreover, several HRV indices revealed an improvement in HRV recovery in HBO condition. Blood lactate was not significantly different between conditions, neither following the fatiguing exercise nor the maximal effort. HBO decreased RPE after maximal cycling effort and improved the perceived recovery the day after testing sessions (p < .001). Conclusion: This study suggests that HBO is an efficient strategy to improve cardiac parasympathetic reactivation and is beneficial for subsequent performance.
Position Paper for CHI 2000 Workshop No 14: Towards a Deeper Understanding of Task Interruption

In the future, if we have not reached this stage already, we will be able to carry around with us many sensors capable of providing a whole slew of contextual information. Is the user tired? Is the user annoyed? Is the user talking to someone? Is the user walking, jogging or driving? It seems conceivable that each of us could soon be carrying a device capable of answering all of these questions. However, what is far from certain is what we can usefully do with this newly-available information. Our particular interest is develop application software which can take such context information gleaned from sensors and use it to support and possibly improve the interruption management strategies of mobile workers.
Feature Detection by Retinal Ganglion Cells.

Retinal circuits transform the pixel representation of photoreceptors into the feature representations of ganglion cells, whose axons transmit these representations to the brain. Functional, morphological, and transcriptomic surveys have identified more than 40 retinal ganglion cell (RGC) types in mice. RGCs extract features of varying complexity; some simply signal local differences in brightness (i.e., luminance contrast), whereas others detect specific motion trajectories. To understand the retina, we need to know how retinal circuits give rise to the diverse RGC feature representations. A catalog of the RGC feature set, in turn, is fundamental to understanding visual processing in the brain. Anterograde tracing indicates that RGCs innervate more than 50 areas in the mouse brain. Current maps connecting RGC types to brain areas are rudimentary, as is our understanding of how retinal signals are transformed downstream to guide behavior. In this article, I review the feature selectivities of mouse RGCs, how they arise, and how they are utilized downstream. Not only is knowledge of the behavioral purpose of RGC signals critical for understanding the retinal contributions to vision; it can also guide us to the most relevant areas of visual feature space. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Vision Science, Volume 8 is September 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews. org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
Early repolarization syndrome, epilepsy, and atrial fibrillation in a young girl with novel KCND3 mutation managed with quinidine

A 6‐year‐old girl presented with a difficult to control epilepsy syndrome. On evaluation, additional presyncope episodes associated with polymorphic ventricular tachycardia were also noted. A diagnosis of early repolarization syndrome (ERS) was made with an early repolarization pattern on electrocardiogram, documented VT episodes, and clinical presyncope (proposed Shanghai score 7). Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) was also noted on 24‐h Holter recordings. The child was stabilized with isoprenaline infusion and was later discharged with arrhythmia control on quinidine and cilostazol. The genetic evaluation revealed a potassium channel KCND3 gene missense mutation. The case highlights the association of epilepsy syndrome and AF with ERS; the possible association of KCND3 gene mutation with a malignant phenotype; and management issues in a small child.
Modeling, Stability Analysis and Control of Renewable Driven Islanded and Grid Connected Microgrids

In recent years, the increasing demand of the eciency and convenience of the power system has driven the development of the microgrid technology. As renewable energy emerges as an alternative way of generating clean energy, the major aim of microgrid is to combine all the benets of nonconventional/ renewable and low carbon generation technologies to improve the overall eciency by using combined heat and power systems( CHP). To achieve this goal, proper co-ordination and control of various Distribution Energy Resource(DER) units like photovoltaic systems, fuel cells, micro turbines, variable speed wind turbines, small hydro plants, biomass, geothermal, gas turbines, reciprocating internal combustion engines, etc. are required.
Applicability of image analysis to support QbD driven development of pellets

Abstract Objective The stages of preparing high drug loaded pellets were investigated using static and dynamic imaging techniques to provide a greater understanding and ease the scale up process. Significance An example of a real case laboratory and production scale quality by design (QbD) based development of pellets is demonstrated. Potential process analytical technology (PAT) approaches by dynamic image analysis (DIA) are presented in various process phases. Methods Pellets were prepared at laboratory and production scale (high shear granulation, extrusion/spheronization, drying, and coating). The influence of process parameters on pellet properties (aspect ratio (AR), yield, pellet size, and their distribution) was investigated using static and DIA. During coating, we focused on the coating thickness and identification of potential agglomeration. Results and conclusion The effects of kneading time, amount of water, extrusion screen plate (ESP) opening diameter and thickness on pellet properties were confirmed in accordance with literature. In terms of screw speed, spheronization speed and time, no considerable influence on pellet properties was observed in the range of studied process parameters, thereby confirming the design space. In addition to the ESP thickness and opening diameter, quality of the ESP impacts the pellet properties. Lastly, coating thickness measurements with dynamic and static image analysis were comparable and an exemplary case of in-line agglomeration detection was presented. Real-time evaluation with PATVIS APA is an effective PAT tool for the evaluation of spheronization (pellet size distribution, AR, and yield) and coating (coating thickness, agglomeration detection).
Feeding observations of a Turkey Vulture (Cathartes aura) and a Lesser Yellow-headed Vulture (C. burrovianus) in Belize

ABSTRACT I present 2 noteworthy foraging observations of a Lesser Yellow-headed Vulture (Cathartes burrovianus) and a Turkey Vulture (C. aura) in Crooked Tree Wildlife Sanctuary and Cockscomb Basin Wildlife Sanctuary, Belize, respectively. I observed a Lesser Yellow-headed Vulture successfully capture a live fish from the water and a Turkey Vulture feeding on feces of neotropical otter (Lontra longicaudis) along a river. To my knowledge, these observations represent novel reports for each species, and contribute to the understanding of the breadth of foraging behavior of cathartid vultures.
Postfledging survival and movements of juvenile Gray-backed Thrushes (Turdus hortulorum)

ABSTRACT The postfledging period is a critical phase of avian life history. In the initial few weeks after fledging, juveniles face various hazards and develop necessary life skills. Knowledge of the postfledging period is important for understanding the fate of juvenile birds. From May to July of 2015, we tracked 22 Gray-backed Thrush (Turdus hortulorum) juveniles from 20 nests in a population in northeastern China using radiotelemetry. Juveniles dispersed from their natal sites for a mean (± SE) of 21.0 ± 2.4 d after fledging. The initial dispersal distance was 560.9 ± 109.4 m (the distance between the natal area and the first postdispersal area). The natal range size of the juveniles had a mean of 1.7 ± 0.5 ha (95% minimum convex polygons). Ten of 22 (45.5%) of the monitored fledglings died within the first 4 weeks after fledging, and predation was the primary cause of mortality. The Cox proportional-hazards regression model showed that there was a positive correlation between tarsus length and the survival rate of fledglings, while the influences of fledgling weight, date of fledging, and brood size on survival were not significant. Our results indicate that mammalian predators were the main threat to juveniles in the first few days after fledging when the juveniles had limited mobility. After the first week postfledging, raptors became the most important source of juvenile mortality.