Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prediction of cogging torque using the flux-MMF diagram technique

An improved approach to predicting cogging torque in permanent magnet motors using the flux-MMF diagram technique is presented and validated. A brief review of cogging torque calculation and minimization techniques is included. It is shown that the flux-MMF diagram can be constructed for any one pole of a permanent magnet machine using the demagnetization characteristic of the permanent magnet; then by applying the principle of virtual work, cogging torque can be predicted. It is also shown that the flux-MMF diagram technique is a truly universal technique of cogging torque prediction and gives greater insight into many of the methods used for cogging torque minimization.
Incidence, Antibiotic Susceptibility and Characterization of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Isolated from Seafood in Selangor, Malaysia

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is one of the major foodborne pathogens owing to its cause of infectious diseases such as gastroenteritis. These diseases are often associated with the consumption of contaminated seafood. This study aims to investigate the presence of V. parahaemolyticus, their virulence, antibiotic profiles, and plasmid profiles from 77 different kinds of shellfish samples collected from wet markets and supermarkets in Selangor, Malaysia. High densities of Vibrio species ( > 5 log CFU/g) were found in 14/16 groups of shellfish. Among 77 presumptive V. parahaemolyticus isolates, 43 (55.8%) were positive for the toxR gene, confirming the identity of the isolates at the species level. However, none of the V. parahaemolyticus isolates harboured the virulence tdh and trh genes. The antibiotic susceptibility of the V. parahaemolyticus isolates revealed that most of them were resistant to ampicillin (95.3%), ampicillin-sulbactam (81.4%), cefotaxime (37.2%) and imipenem (23.3%). The plasmid profiles of the V. parahaemolyticus isolates showed that 41.9% (18/43) possess at least one plasmid. Our results indicate the V. parahaemolyticus isolates are continuously exposed to various antibiotics in the environments, thus consuming the seafood carries a potential health risk to consumers. The antibiotic resistance conferred by the species necessitates an immediate plan to approach the usage of antibiotics differently.
Stepper motor and pneumatic cylinder driven inverted pendulum

Mathematical modelling of technological problems is a usefull tool for problem analysis and for control solutions design. However, a real plant control brings problems which are not apparent during the theoretical solution, but have to be resolved in order to implement the ideas on real technological problems. In order to support the education of such techniques authors constructed low-cost stepper motor driven inverted pendulum. The acquired experiences helped to design and contruct a new plant, pneumatic cylinder driven inverted pendulum/crane for educational and research purposes.
Botnet Reverse Engineering and Call Sequence Recovery

The focus on computer security has increased due to the ubiquitous use of Internet. Criminals mistreat the anonymous and insidious traits of Internet to commit monetary online fraud, theft and extortion. Botnets are the prominent vehicle for committing online crimes. They provide platform for a botmaster to control a large group of infected Internetconnected computers. Botmaster exploits this large group of connected computers to send spam, commit click fraud, install adware/spyware, flood specific network from distributed locations, host phishing sites and steal personal credentials. All these activities pose serious threat for individuals and organizations. Furthermore, the situation demands more attention since the research and the development of underground criminal industry is faster than security research industry. To cope up against the ever growing botnet threats, security researchers as well as Internet-users need cognizance on the recent trends and techniques of botnets. In this thesis, we analyze in-depth by reverse engineering two prominent botnets namely, Mariposa and Zeus. The findings of the analysis may foster the knowledge of security researchers in multiple dimensions to deal with the botnet issue.To enhance the abstraction and visualization techniques of reverse engineering, we develop a tool which is used for detailed outlook of call sequences.
Design of compact microstrip lowpass filter with ultra-wide stopband using modified T-shaped resonator

A new microstrip lowpass filter with compact size and ultra-wide stopband using T-shaped resonator is proposed. To make smaller the circuit size of the filter, cursive transmission line is also suggested. Moreover, exact equation of most important transmission zero is calculated based on LC equivalent circuit and transformation function. A demonstration filter with 3 dB cut-off frequency at 1.02 has been designed, fabricated, and measured. Results show that a relative stopband band width of 166.3% (referred to suppression degree of 20 dB) is achieved while obtaining high figure of merit of 46 274.
Digital transmission in water

An ultrasonic radiator has been developed to transmit data in water. The radiator consists of a thin rectangular blade and is excited by an AC signal applied to a pair of PET ceramic bars mounted on either side of the blade to develop flexural vibrations. The important feature of the system is the impedance mismatch between the material of the blade and water to which it is coupled. Direction of propagation is dictated by the wavelength coincidence condition. TCM (trellis coded modulation) coding and modulation has been applied using the operational frequency of the radiator as the carrier signal. This process which is the combination of coding and modulation of the signal has demonstrated the capabilities of a new underwater transmission system. A narrow beamwidth is the condition to obtain optimal power and performance. Simulation of the above system has been developed for the purpose of data telemetry in acoustic channels. <<ETX>>
Determination of Optimal Detector Location for Transit Signal Priority with Queue Jumper Lanes

Transit signal priority (TSP) is an operational strategy that facilitates movement of transit vehicles through signalized intersections. As an important component of a TSP system, the transit vehicle detection system plays a key role in determining when to trigger TSP and which TSP strategy to use. This paper presents an analytical method to determine optimal detector locations for intersections implemented with TSP and queue jumper lanes. A queue jumper lane is a preferential treatment for buses that designates a short stretch of a special lane, such as a right-turn bay, to allow buses to bypass a traffic queue and then to proceed ahead of the queue by means of an early green signal for that lane. In this study, a comprehensive TSP strategy was used that considers early green, green extension, special phase insertion, coordination recovery, green reimbursement, and maximum number of continuous TSP requests. An analytical method for determining optimal detector locations under this TSP strategy for different bus arrival conditions was proposed. The effectiveness of the proposed method was verified with the VISSIM microsimulation model, and results show that the method is able to identify optimal bus detector locations for TSP with queue jumper lanes.
Equivalent-circuit representation and explanation of attenuation poles of a dual-mode dielectric-resonator bandpass filter

A /spl lambda//4 rectangular-waveguide resonator of square cross section filled with high-permittivity ceramics has two degenerate lowest modes. A dual-mode bandpass filter based on this structure is studied, focusing on the attenuation poles at both sides of the passband. It is described how to achieve capacitive and inductive coupling between dominant modes of a resonator of square cross section. An equivalent-circuit model is proposed, including mode coupling, excitation from the external circuit, and direct coupling between input/output (I/O) electrodes. Equivalent-circuit parameters are measured and their validity is verified using simulated results. Appearance and annihilation of the attenuation poles are successfully explained by the proposed model, and attenuation pole frequencies are controlled by shifting the I/O electrode transversely.
Bio-Gurt: Purple Sweet Potato and Mung Bean Yogurt High in Vitamin B6 and Antioxidant for Minimizing the Severity of COVID-19 Complications

The research is to process local-based product formulation into yogurt containing high Vitamin B6 and antioxidant by adding Purple Sweet Potato and Mung Bean Powder through a fermentation process and to find the suitable formulation of “Bio-Gurt”. Procedures were firstly done by formulating 3 treatments and 1 control. P0 (Treatment 0) as controlled variable, P1 as addition of 2% Sweet Purple Potato Powder and 4% Mung Bean Powder, P2 3% : 3%, and P3 4% : 2%. The results were determined by an organoleptic test and pH measurement. By all treatments, P3 suits the characteristic of yogurt texture. The limitations were due to the lack of effectiveness of the process. Bio-Gurt helps reduce the cytokine storm that occurs in the early stages of SARS-CoV2 infection. It also can reduce oxidative stress for the severity of COVID-19. Bio-Gurt becomes a healthy local snack containing vitamin B6 and antioxidants.
A Low-IF RX Two-Point -Modulation TX CMOS

A new low-cost concept for a system-on-chip Bluetooth solution is proposed in this paper. The single chip includes all necessary baseband and RF parts to achieve full Bluetooth functionality and is implemented in a standard 0.25- m CMOS technology. The two-point modulation fractional phase-locked loop achieves a phase noise of 124 dBc/Hz at 3-MHz offset. The sensitivity of the embedded low-IF receiver is measured to be 82 dBm at a bit error rate of 0.1%. The power supply voltages for the digital and analog parts are internally regulated to 2.65 V. The maximum current consumption of the analog part is 60 mA. Index Terms—Communication systems, CMOS analog in- tegrated circuits, CMOS digital integrated circuits, RF radio communication, RF receivers, RF transmitters, sigma-delta modulation, wireless LAN.
Fixed‐speed active‐stall wind turbines in offshore applications

A large offshore wind farm in the East Danish power system was commissioned in 2003 at Rodsand. The power capacity of the wind farm is 165 MW divided between 72 wind turbines. For this large offshore application, robust and well-known wind technology has been chosen in the form of fixed-speed, active-stall wind turbines equipped with induction generators. In this paper, maintaining and improving the short-term voltage stability is discussed and systematized in terms of this wind technology. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Connectivity of communities interacts with regional heterogeneity in driving species diversity: a mesocosm experiment

According to metacommunity theory and previous experiments, inter-patch dispersal rates may alter species diversity at local to regional scales. In this study, we tested the predictions of metacommunity theory regarding the effect of dispersal rates on diversity, with a focus on the impact of environmental heterogeneity. Experiments were conducted in which the dispersal frequencies of freshwater nematode communities and the heterogeneity of local environmental conditions were factorial manipulated by maintaining mesocosms under homogeneous or heterogeneous temperature regime. The effect on biodiversity of the dispersal rate, environmental heterogeneity, and the interaction thereof were evaluated using linear (mixed) models, which showed a signi ﬁ cant interaction of the dispersal rate and environmental heterogeneity for alpha- and gamma-diversity measures. Speci ﬁ cally, in homogeneous environments an increase in the dispersal rates led to a decline in diversity at local and regional scales. This was due to the increasing dominance of Daptonema dubium , which was favored by a higher patch connectivity that allowed it to invade local communities. In heterogeneous environments, diversity was unaffected, suggest-ing that rescue and source-sink effects did not play a role for many species, probably due to the wide temperature range. Diversity was also not impacted by high and low dispersal treatments, and the maximum change was already reached at a dispersal rate of < 7% in 4 weeks. The communities were then sampled a second time to investigate the development of diversity when dispersal and thus community connectivity are suspended. After only 12 weeks of isolation, the homogenizing effect of dispersal on community disap-peared. The results point to the degree of environmental heterogeneity as key factor in the metacommunity framework. They also demonstrate the need to increase experimental complexity in order to facilitate comparisons between experiments.
When Does She Rebel? How Gender Affects Deviating Legislative Behaviour

Abstract It is common wisdom that the increase in the number of women in parliament brought along a new diversity of perspectives presented in legislatures. So far, however, we know little about the implications of women's presence on party cohesion. Moving towards a more complete understanding of how women affect political processes, this article addresses the question, does gender affect vote defection from party lines, and if so, under what circumstances? We argue that the actual and perceived risk associated with vote defection in roll-call votes is gendered and that this is constraining the leeway of women to rebel. Analysing roll-call vote data of the German Bundestag (1953–2013) provided by Bergmann et al. (2018), we show that gender exerts a consistent effect only if electoral safety and policy content are considered: it is in feminine policy areas and at high levels of electoral security that women are more likely than men to rebel. This finding implies that taking different incentive structures into account is key if we want to understand gendered legislative behaviour.
Plant movements as concept generators for deployable systems in architecture

Plants, apparently not capable of complex movements, have always fascinated scientists when proving the contrary. A multitude of movements in plants have been revealed, showing a broad spectrum of motion sequences and underlying principles. Interestingly, many of these movements show high elasticity and flexibility of the respective structures and allow reversible deformations. With the investigation of suitable biological role models and the use of new construction materials, such as fibre-reinforced polymers (FRPs), the authors are developing deployable technical structures without local hinges. In this presentation the first steps of the applied biomimetic working process are described: the selection of role models, investigation and basic abstraction of plant movements. An overall screening through the plant kingdom has led to a wide-ranged matrix comprising many different types of plant movements, which constitutes the basis for our investigations. We distinguish between autonomous and non-autonomous movements. Active autonomous movements are characterized by motor organs, e.g. pulvini driven by a change of turgor pressure. Passive autonomous movements occur due to changing physical circumstances, e.g. bending through desiccation. Non-autonomous movements are mostly reversible deformations caused by a release of stored elastic energy after an external trigger or by direct application of mechanical forces. In a case study we applied morphological and anatomical investigations on the valvular pollination
A dynamic model of the electricity generation market

This thesis proposes that the bidding process that occurs daily in the competitive short-run power market can be modeled as a dynamic system, or a dynamic game played by electricity generators. Such a game is a finitely repeated one of complete but imperfect information. In this thesis, a dynamic model representing a small shortrun power market is formulated as a repeated game. Daily price competition provides sufficient information for the generators to estimate their bids. The next bids of each generator are proposed as functions of the previous and current bids. Results from the dynamic model show that the generators' bidding strategy affects the dynamics of the modeled power market. Different strategies yield different market clearing price patterns. Moreover, a step-supply function bid, in which an offer price relates to an offer quantity by a marginal-cost function, and the maximum available capacity of each generator, can cause inefficient prices in some scheduling periods and/or might result in inefficient dispatches in each scheduling day. In addition, depending on the bidding strategy that is uniformly applied to the model, although there is certainty of inelastic anticipated demand in the model, the repeated bidding processes tends to allow the generators to "learn" from the market so that they can tacitly collude to create demand deficiency. It is further suggested here that when demand deficiency unexpectedly occurs in peak-load periods, a real-time market (i.e., an hour-ahead market) might be needed so that supply always meets demand. Thesis Supervisor: Marija D. Ilid Title: Senior Research Scientist
Crime Incidence in Postcommunal Crisis Areas of Southwestern Nigeria: The Effects of Sociophysical Characteristics

The study examined the impacts of sociophysical characteristics on crime occurrence in areas affected by the communal crisis in Southwestern Nigeria. Using Ife-Modakeke as the case study, data were obtained from 72 streets identified in the study area. Systematic sampling was used to select one out of every five streets where every 10th building was subsequently selected for sample. Findings revealed attempted rape and store and house break-ins as prevailing crime types while gender, occupation, household's size, and age of residents as well as physical deterioration and disorder were revealed as significant predictors of crime incidence in this area. Further analysis shore-up physical deterioration and disorder as principal predictors of crime with a strong positive correlation (r = +0.767) and to the extent of 55.5% (R2 = 0.555). The study concluded that sociophysical characteristics drive crime in the study area of which neighborhood deterioration and disorder were found to be the indispensable predictors.
A low voltage CMOS rectifier for low power battery-less devices

This paper presents a low voltage CMOS full-wave rectifier for transcutaneous power transmission in low power battery-less devices such as biomedical implants. By using a simple comparator-controlled switch which needs a small supply voltage, the lowest input voltage amplitude can be reduced to 0.7V with a standard CMOS 0. 18µm process. With only one comparator, the proposed design dramatically reduces the power loss and the production cost. In combination with current offset which minimize the reverse current of the rectifier under different input amplitudes, the proposed rectifier can achieve a maximum peak voltage conversion efficiency of more than 93% and a power efficiency of approximately 87%.
Micronutrientes metálicos nos moluscos bivalves Crassostrea rhizophorae e Mytella guyanensis

Os micronutrientes, micro ou oligoelementos, incluem vitaminas e alguns metais, sendo que uma parcela significativa da população mundial apresenta deficiência nutricional desses elementos. Este estudo avaliou os teores de micronutrientes metálicos em Crassostrea rhizophorae (ostra) e Mytella guyanensis (sururu) coletados no sul da Bahia, Brasil, num trecho de 280 km de extensão. Os teores dos metais (Cu, Fe, Mn e Zn) da parte edível das espécies foram avaliados em espectrometria de emissão óptica de plasma indutivamente acoplado (ICP OES). As concentrações médias encontradas para C. rhizophorae e M. guyanensis, respectivamente, foram: Cu (2,09 ± 0,90 e 2,31 ± 0,63); Fe (32,03 ± 4,18 e 213,36 ± 51,67); Mn (1,75 ± 0,44 e 13,61 ± 2,83) e Zn (129,54 ± 25,88 e 12,13 ± 1,13), em mg kg-1. Ambos os bivalves foram relevantes na concentração dos micronutrientes investigados, com destaque para os valores elevados de Zn em C. rhizophorae e de Fe em M. guyanensis. Palavras-chave: Cobre, elementos essenciais, ferro, manganês, zinco.
The importance of internal aspects in quality improvement

The adoption of ISO 9000 has been justified in terms of the many benefits it generate, although problems may also arise. Such advantages and disadvantages lead to different reasons for seeking certification. Based on these reasons, this paper analyzed the influence of internal motivation for seeking certification with level of quality management and performance in order to determinate whether internal aspects are more important than external aspects. For this purpose, a factor analysis (to identify reasons) and a cluster analysis (to establish significant differences among the groups in order to study the relation between reasons for seeking certification and level of quality management and performance) have been performed on the answers supplied by 106 certified firms in the Alicante area (eastern Spain). It is part of a wider research process, aimed at analyzing quality practices in certified firms by using quality management elements.
Radiative and Aerodynamic Contribution to Evaporation: Eddy‐Covariance Comparison Between a Plain and a Plateau Lake

Water surface‐atmosphere interactions play an important role in the climate system on regional and even global scale. Yet, it remains unclear whether radiative or aerodynamic forces contribute more to water surface evaporation, which may lead to different strategies in model parameterization. This study compared the eddy covariance observations taken at two contrasting lakes in China: Poyang Lake (subtropical, plain, and warm) in 2018 and Yamzhog Yum Co (alpine, plateau, and cold) in 2016. Both lakes of similar latitude have similar solar radiation, and Yamzhog Yum Co has a lower atmospheric pressure and air density and a larger temperature difference between water surface and air. Poyang Lake had a total evaporation of 741 mm from 6 May to 31 December 2018, relatively higher than that of Yamzhog Yum Co (677 mm) for the same season in 2016. Evaporation peaked in August for Poyang Lake but in October for Yamzhog Yum Co. The Penman equation disclosed that radiative forces contributed more than aerodynamic forces in both lakes. Evaporation was found to be most sensitive to air temperature in Poyang Lake but to surface net radiation in Yamzhog Yum Co, attributable to their sensitivity differences in iso‐radiative and isothermal conditions. Higher elevation reduced the aerodynamic contribution with lower air temperature and atmospheric pressure in Yamzhog Yum Co. The findings should be useful for understanding different behaviors of lake evaporation under common mechanisms.
Sewage sludge management options and civil society stakeholders’ influence: first evidence from Italian cases

Sewage sludge management is a pivotal process in the path toward sustainability, broadening the scope of wastewater treatment from removing pollutants to recycle and recover resources. Water utilities can choose among several management options and treatment technologies. The paper focuses on the possible influence of civil society stakeholders on the decision-making process of water utilities, and to investigated it, inductive case studies were conducted in Italian water utilities adopting different management options. The analysis allowed us to capture the richness of observations and make interesting variables possible shaping the relationship emerged, as the role of regulatory uncertainty. The first results show how the investigated water utilities look at other Countries for robust solutions and select the less risky in terms of civil society’s acceptance. Communication and involvement of civil society appear to be an important asset to mitigate possible negative relationships.