Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Methods and Tools in Supervisory Control Theory: Operator Aspects, Computational Efficiency, and Applications

This thesis presents a tool together with efficient algorithms for verification and synthesis of discrete-event supervisors that might share responsibilities with human operators. It is also shown how the supervisory control theory can be used to solve resource allocation problems for flexible manufacturing systems. The supervisory control theory is a formal methodology for analyzing properties of discrete-event systems and also for generating supervisors that enforce that a system behaves according to given specifications. The supervisory control theory shows great promise to help developers to create correct control functions for discrete event systems. Unfortunately, industrial acceptance has been limited so far. In this thesis we try to identify the major factors that prevent the supervisory control theory from becoming an industrial success. Four major limiting factors are identified. First, we note that supervisory control problems are inherently hard to solve. This implies that brute-force algorithms will only be able to solve relatively small problems, thus there is a need for more intelligent algorithms that will take advantage of the structure present in many systems. Second, control systems that interact with humans are becoming more widely used. In this thesis a framework for analysis and synthesis of discrete event supervisors that need to interoperate with human users is developed. Third, the lack of efficient tools is an important factor that limits the industrial acceptance of the supervisory control theory. An efficient tool for supervisor synthesis, verification, simulation, and code-generation has been developed as part of this work. Fourth, the lack of industrial success stories is holding back the acceptance of the supervisory control theory. We show how a large class of resource allocation systems can be easily solved by the supervisory control theory. A commercial chemical batch control system has been extended with resource allocation capabilities where a supervisor is automatically synthesized according to the supervisory control theory. The supervisor guarantees that the concurrently running batches never run into circular waits for shared resources. The supervisor handles flexible batch recipes with sequential, parallel, and alternative operations, where each operation might be produced in a number of resources. Alternative operations are used to handle errors that emerge during the production of a batch.
Learning Asset Technology Integration Support Tool Design Document

Abstract : The Defense Acquisition University (DAU) partnered with George Mason University (GMU) to identify research-driven processes and methods for incorporating Advanced Learning Technologies (ALT) in a pedagogically sound manner within DAU learning assets. A performance analysis, conducted in fall 2009, indicated a need for a framework that assists DAU personnel in the selection and integration of ALT. In collaboration with DAU stakeholders, this framework was named the Learning Asset Technology Integration Support Tool (LATIST). A usage-centered design process was used to develop LATIST. This technique, commonly used in software development, focuses on identifying user needs to develop a product that allows the users to fulfill their needs in an easy, effective, and efficient way. As part of a content and task analysis, user needs were confirmed, tasks necessary for users to obtain optimal benefit while using LATIST were identified, and content requirements were established. LATIST would allow the user to: (1) explore what the research says about a technology such as advantages and disadvantages; (2) select a best technology for user conditions such as learning objectives and bandwidth constraints; and (3) review and learn how to apply a selected technology. Based on the results of the content and task analysis, it was determined that LATIST would be best utilized as an electronic performance support tool. A performance support subject matter expert recommended that for maximum effectiveness, information in LATIST should be explicit, accessible, and usable. The expert also confirmed that the three LATIST components represented a successful integration of process and knowledge.
Mathematical Prospective of Coronavirus Infections in Bahrain, Saudi Arabia and Egypt

In this paper, a mathematical prospective of Coronavirus Infections in Bahrain, Suaidi Arabia and Egypt is considered taking into account the development of the propagation of COVID 19 in Wuhan city, China. The model revealed that the number of actual cases of COVID 19 in the Kingdom of Bahrain is less than expected by about 21.3 times that of the reported cases in the city of Wuhan, while in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia it is 141.9 less and in Egypt is less than 808 times. This is may be attributed to several factors including ambient temperature, population density, absolute humidity, lifestyle, physical immunity (type of nutrition), accuracy of measurements and number of tests made and other reasons. Finally, we present the expected behavior of the Coronavirus during the forthcoming period.
Quantitative estimation of the impact of setting a new target for the reduction of Salmonella in breeding hens of Gallus gallus 1

SUMMARY Following a request from the European Commission, the Scientific Panel on Biological Hazards was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on a quantitative estimation of the impact of setting a new target for the reduction of Salmonella in breeding hens of Gallus gallus. More specifically, is asked to assess the relative impact on the prevalence of Salmonella in flocks of broilers and laying hens if a new target for reduction of Salmonella is set in breeding hens being 1% or less flocks remaining positive for all Salmonella serovars with public health significance, compared to (a) the theoretical prevalence at the end of the transitional period (1% of five serovars), and (b) the real prevalence in 2007 to be reported by the Member States. The Salmonella serovars with public health significance should be determined by the EFSA taking into account the criteria laid down in annex III to Regulation (EC) No
Measurement of the Propagation Constant of Surface Waves on a Periodic Array (Preprint)

Abstract : A technique is proposed to measure the propagation constant of surface waves on a periodic dipole array using a waveguide simulator. Due to the slow wave characteristic of surface waves, it is necessary to present an evanescent waveguide mode to the plane containing the elements. Two techniques for sensing the element currents are outlined.
Training Dismounted Combatants in Virtual Environments

Abstract : The U.S. Army Research Institute, U.S. Army Simulation, Training and Instrumentation Command, and the U.S. Army Research Laboratory recently completed a four-year effort to improve capabilities for dismounted soldier simulation. With increased emphasis on Military Operations in Urban Terrain (MOUT) new flexible training methods are needed that can represent a range of urban environments. Virtual environments have that capability but technological challenges must be overcome to produce an effective virtual training system for the dismounted combatant. This paper reviews improvements made during the project in the areas of representing the dismounted combatants environment,producing realistically performing Dismounted Infantry Semi-Automated Forces, and developing of an After Action Review system that captures performance in MOUT. At the end of each year of the project a Culminating Event was held during which improvements made in technologies made during the year were integrated and then evaluated by soldiers. The paper also contains a discussion of soldiers ratings of the usability and training effectiveness of these capabilities. Significant improvements have occurred as a result of this project taking virtual dismounted soldier simulation a step closer to fielding.
Multistate Outbreaks of Foodborne Illness in the United States Associated With Fresh Produce From 2010 to 2017

In the United States, the consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables has increased during recent years as consumers seek to make healthier lifestyle choices. However, the number of outbreaks associated with fresh produce that involve cases in more than one state (multistate) has increased concomitantly. As the distance along the farm-to-fork continuum has lengthened over time, there are also more opportunities for fresh produce contamination with bacterial pathogens before it reaches the consumer. This review provides an overview of the three bacterial pathogens (i.e., pathogenic Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella enterica) associated with multistate fresh produce outbreaks that occurred between 2010 and 2017 in the U.S. Possible routes of fresh produce contamination, including pre- and post-harvest, are summarized and outcomes of selected outbreaks within this timeframe are highlighted. Eighty-five multistate outbreaks linked to fresh produce with a confirmed etiology occurred from 2010 to 2017. Cross-contamination within the distribution chain and poor agricultural practices, along with the production of sprouts and importation of fresh produce were frequently implicated contributors to these events. The evolution of the food supply chain in the U.S. necessitates an examination of multistate outbreaks to shed light on factors that increase the scale of these events.
Asian noodles: science, technology, and processing.

Preface ix Acknowledgments xiii Contributors xv 1. Breeding Noodle Wheat in China 1 Zhonghu He, Xianchun Xia, and Yan Zhang 2. Breeding for Dual-Purpose Hard WhiteWheat in the United States: Noodles and Pan Bread 25 Arron H. Carter, Carl A. Walker, and Kimberlee K. Kidwell 3. Wheat Milling and Flour Quality Analysis for Noodles in Japan 57 Hideki Okusu, Syunsuke Otsubo, and James Dexter 4. Wheat Milling and Flour Quality Analysis for Noodles in Taiwan 75 C. C. Chen and Shu-ying (Sophia) Yang 5. Noodle Processing Technology 99 Gary G. Hou, Syunsuke Otsubo, Hideki Okusu, and Lanbin Shen 6. Instant Noodle Seasonings 141 Kerry Fabrizio, Rajesh Potineni, and Kim Gray 7. Packaging of Noodle Products 155 Qingyue Ling 8. Laboratory Pilot-Scale Asian Noodle Manufacturing and Evaluation Protocols 183 Gary G. Hou 9. Objective Evaluation of Noodles 227 David W. Hatcher 10. Sensory Evaluation of Noodles 251 Bin Xiao Fu and Linda Malcolmson 11. Effects of Flour Protein and Starch on Noodle Quality 261 Byung-Kee Baik 12. Effects of Polyphenol Oxidase on Noodle Color: Mechanisms, Measurement, and Improvement 285 E. Patrick Fuerst, James V. Anderson, and Craig F. Morris 13. Effects of Flour Characteristics on Noodle Texture 313 Andrew S. Ross and Graham B. Crosbie 14. Noodle Plant Setup and Resource Management 331 Gary G. Hou, Syunsuke Otsubo, Veronica Jim'enez Montano, and Julio Gonz'alez 15. Quality Assurance Programs for Instant Noodle Production 363 Sumonrut Kamolchote, Toh Tian Seng, Julio Gonzalez, and Gary G. Hou 16. Rice and Starch-Based Noodles 393 Zhan-Hui Lu and Lilia S. Collado Index 433
Investigating Information Technologies in Disasters: Three Essays on Micro-Blogging and Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) Environment.

All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent on the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. ii DEDICATION This dissertation is dedicated to my parents Juying Chen and Guangcai Li, my husband David Guild, and my daughter Sophia Guild, who always love and support me. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would first like to express my deepest appreciation to my dissertation committee, Vishwanath. A very special word of thanks to Dr. Rao for his guidance and patience all through the years! Without Dr. Rao's support and encouragement, I would never have come this far. Many thanks to Dr. Ramesh and other faculty members of the department for all of their help over the years. I would also like to thank all my colleagues for their support and encouragement during my research, especially Jinkyu Lee and Rui Chen.
Rainfall-Runoff Modelling Based on Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM)

The Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) is suitable for rainfall-runoff modelling since it has a strong ability in fitting time series. In this study the LSTM was employed in predicting runoff in different foresight periods, in order to assess the capability of the LSTM in rainfall-runoff modelling and forecasting. The historical precipitation, meteorological and hydrological data were used as input data, runoff at after different foresight periods were selected as model output. The calibration period is 14 years and the validation period is 2 years. As expected, the proposed model shows a great ability to predict runoff 0~2 days ahead. With 3 days of foresight period, the LSTM performs relatively poor but still better than the hydrological model Xinanjiang. The number of hidden nodes has a priority impact on the prediction accuracy and t raining efficiency. While the length of input data has impact on model performance only when the foresight period is 0 day.
Who are you Today? Profiling the ID Theft Fraudster

Online Identity Theft is a significant problem in our modern knowledge-based and social-driven computing era. This type of cybercrime can be achieved in a number of different ways; and more of the point, various statistical figures suggest it is on the increase. The target is individual privacy and self-assurance, while efforts and measures for increased security and protection appear inadequate to prevent it. While personal identities are increasingly being stored and shared on digital media in virtualised environments, the threat of personal and private information that is used fraudulently cannot be eliminated. This trend in crime can result in complex investigations that involve virtualised information technologies, both as a medium for analysis and as evidence at the same time. Fraudsters are obtaining more sophisticated technological ways and increase their capability not only for committing but also for concealing their crimes. It is believed that fraudsters of this kind of crime are not acting individually, but rather they operate in an organised and well-structured manner. Indeed ID theft is nowadays directly linked to drug trafficking, money laundering and terrorism. ID theft, like almost all different types of crime, involves two parts, at least one victim and at least one fraudster. We argue that the differentiation of the investigation procedure between the victim’s and the fraudster’s side, depends on the ownership and control of the digital media involved in the crime, and can provide results on a more crime-focused basis. In addition it provides information gathering, understanding and knowledge about the way the fraudster acts and could potentially assist in future investigations. Different pieces of evidence can be discovered on each side (victim-fraudster) concerning the techniques that have been used to perpetrate the crime. The online ID theft techniques can leave evidence on both the victim’s and the fraudster’s system. However, the evidence tends to contain different elements on each side that can reveal information about the fraudster and eventually profile him in relation to the attack. There is an approach of profiling the ID theft fraudster based on the findings that arise during the forensic investigation process in this paper. We discuss the extent of ID theft as a problem and the role of the fraudster in different ID theft techniques. We aim to demonstrate processes that could assist the profiling of the fraudster under the forensic investigation of ID theft.
Yield Detection in Steel Structures Using Ultrasonic Pulse Signals

Nondestructive Testing (NDT) has become one of the most commonly used structural health assessment techniques. The continuing demand for a robust, reliable and cost-effective tool fuels the research in this area which benefits from the contribution of new methods and development of new technologies. The main application of NDT in civil engineering mostly focuses on structural damage assessment, determination of material properties and location of reinforcing bars in concrete slabs and bridge decks. The acoustoelastic effect was also used to investigate the stress level of different structural materials. However, the change in the wave velocity was the main parameter taken into consideration and related to the stress state of the tested material. This paper presents the results of an experimental study that investigates the changes in the energy and peak amplitude of ultrasonic signal echoes due to the stress state of steel under uniaxial tension. Ultrasonic signals, acquired from steel specimens before and after yield with a specially built testing system, were investigated in both the time and the frequency domains using digital signal processing (DSP) techniques. The results reveal that the tension yield state of steel can be detected using ultrasonic NDT.
CREEK and Description Logics

Creek is a system for diagnosis and problem solving. It makes heavily use of general knowledge, and is intended for open and weak theory domains. The system uses this general knowledge in combination with experiences from previous cases to solve new problems. We have implemented the core parts of Creek inside the Colibri studio framework, and shown that it is both possible and realistic to create a thorough Creek implementation. This has resulted in a system named Colibreek. In this implementation, we have replaced the knowledge representation in Creek, switching from the original frames to description logics. This has proven successful, and promising for further development. We have tested our system on the turbine sensor domain, and shown how our system can be used for condition monitoring on sensor-monitored equipment such as turbines. By doing this, we have also shown how the system can solve real problems people, companies and organisations have.
Defense Energy Resilience: Lessons from Ecology

Abstract : Energy security is a fundamental requirement for national security, and global energy competition threatens to make Department of Defense (DoD) missions increasingly vulnerable to the vagaries of energy supply. Dr. Scott Thomas and Mr. David Kerner argue that DoD's approach to energy security must accommodate a highly uncertain outlook for energy resource availability. The authors argue that while U.S. energy security needs are currently met, the shrinking gap between global supply and demand draws the world closer to a tipping point at which competition disrupts social and geopolitical normalizing forces, and conflict becomes likely. This analysis offers key insights into what a shifting energy security environment is and provides a novel theoretical framework for how the United States can best respond to it. Dr. Thomas and Mr. Kerner opine that while DoD expresses concern for trends threatening energy security, Defense planners nevertheless continue to operate as if adequate energy supplies will continue to be available, and what limited energy-related planning is done addresses only the symptoms of a systemic over-reliance on very few energy resources. To tackle this cognitive disconnect, the authors argue that DoD would be best served by devising and implementing a sustainable, resilient energy strategy that addresses current projections and adapts to evolving conditions. The authors explain two resource management concepts, drawn from the field of ecological management, that provide perspective for managing energy security: resilience theory, which can benefit energy planning through the introduction of a systems perspective; and the adaptive management approach, which emphasizes institutional learning and an investigational approach in refining energy programs and policy.
ROTATING PIEZOELECTRIC MOTORS FOR HIGH PRECISION POSITIONING & SPACE APPLICATIONS

Piezo-electric motors have been successfully developed for various applications like autofocus drives in camera lenses and handling equipment for semiconductor production. Their high speed and accurate positioning capability, combined with a favourable holding torque in unpowered condition, make piezomotors also very attractive for actuation purposes in spacecraft mechanisms. The paper introduces a new concept of a versatile ultrasonic piezomotor. The testing campaign carried out on the designed rotating piezomotor has validated the vacuum compatibility and the lifetime of the motor in air. This motor has shown a mechanical power of 0.3W under 30mN.m torque, no-load speeds upper than 140 rpm and a positioning accuracy of 10µrad. Its reliable performances over a large temperature range [-15 / +65] °C, has also been demonstrated during a thermal cycling test in vacuum. The developed technology may then find applications in two kinds of outlets, especially in the space field: very accurate positioning of existing guided and fully non magnetic actuation.
A compact history of genetic transformation and its influence on crop development.

The term ‘crop biotechnology’ did not occur in the scientific literature in the 1970s and was sparse in the 1980s. In the following decade its oc currence increased by an order of magnitude, reflecting the dramatic way in which the new range of molecular genetic tools and novel approaches for investigating and manipulating living organisms influenced biological and agricultural research. Understanding and develo ping the process of genetic transformation was a key element in this movement, starting with s tudies of prokaryotic systems and advancing later to more complex ones. The trend is clearly continuing exponentially into the 21st century. Within the biotechnological revolutio n there have been many sub-developments producing novel biological insights, ultimately aff ecting crop production and strategic management of agriculture.
The Retention of Digital Skills Following Distributed and Traditional Training

Abstract : As digital systems proliferate in the Army, there is a need for commanders to understand how to best maintain these critical warfighter skills. In the present report, skill retention for the Force XXI Battle Command Brigade and Below (FBCB2) digital system was investigated following traditional face-to-face training and distributed learning (dL) training. This second type of training was examined because little is known about training digital skills using this method. Operator skills were measured immediately and eight weeks following the training. There were no differences in overall performance between the dL and traditional students at baseline suggesting this system can be trained effectively in a dL environment. Both groups also showed similar rates of forgetting after the eight-week retention interval. Overall performance declined significantly from 71% of steps correct at baseline to 62% correct eight weeks later. Characteristics of the digital system and of the participants contributed to forgetting. These findings indicate that FBCB2, and presumably other digital systems can be effectively trained in a dL environment. Additionally system and individual characteristics that contribute to skill decay were identified and can be used to both improve system training and system design.