Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Generalized Traveling Salesman Problem for Carrier-Vehicle Systems

In this paper, a mission planning problem for a team of collaborating vehicles is presented. The team consists of two vehicles: an aircraft, typically fast but with short flight endurance, and a marine carrier, typically slow but with negligible endurance limitations. The carrier is able to transport, deploy, recover, and service the aircraft. This paper focuses on the problem of determining the team’s trajectory that minimizes the time to visit a given set of locations. Since the resulting optimization problem is computationally difficult, a low-complexity heuristic is proposed. The proposed heuristic is obtained by decomposing the original problem into three easier subproblems. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated through extensive numerical simulations.
On polynomial-time solvable linear Diophantine problems

We obtain a polynomial-time algorithm that, given input (A, b), where A=(B|N) is an integer mxn matrix, m<n, with nonsingular mxm submatrix B and b is an m-dimensional integer vector, finds a nonnegative integer solution to the system Ax=b or determines that no such solution exists, provided that b is located sufficiently "deep" in the cone generated by the columns of B. This result improves on some of the previously known conditions that guarantee polynomial-time solvability of linear Diophantine problems.
Lattice of Idempotent States on a Locally Compact Quantum Group

We study lattice operations on the set of idempotent states on a locally compact quantum group corresponding to the operations of intersection of compact subgroups and forming the subgroup generated by two compact subgroups. Normal ($\sigma$-weakly continuous) idempotent states are investigated and a duality between normal idempotent states on a locally compact quantum group $\mathbb{G}$ and on its dual $\widehat{\mathbb{G}}$ is established. Additionally we analyze the question when a left coideal corresponding canonically to an idempotent state is finite dimensional and give a characterization of normal idempotent states on compact quantum groups.
S-band multi-wavelength Brillouin-Raman fiber laser utilizing fiber Bragg grating and Raman amplifier in the ring cavity

This paper is focusing on simulation and analyzed of S-band multi-wavelength Brillouin–Raman fiber laser performance utilizing fiber Bragg grating and Raman amplifier in ring cavity by using Optisystem software. Raman amplifieraverage power model is employed for signal amplification. This laser system is operates in S-band wavelength region due to vast demanding on transmitting the information. Multi-wavelength fiber lasers based on hybrid Brillouin-Raman gain configuration supported by Rayleigh scattering effect have attracted significant research interest due to its ability to produced multi-wavelength signals from a single light source. In multi-wavelength Brillouin–Raman fiber, single mode fiber is utilized as the nonlinear gain medium. From output results, 90 % output coupling ratio has ability to provide the maximum average output power of 43 dBm at Brillouin pump power of 20 dBm and Raman pump power of 14 dBm. Furthermore, multi-wavelength Brillouin–Raman fiber laser utilizing fiber Bragg grating and Raman amplifier is capable of generated 7 Brillouin Stokes signals at 1480 nm, 1510 nm and 1530 nm.
Diophantine exponents for standard linear actions of $\mathrm{SL}_2$ over discrete rings in $\mathbb{C}$

We give upper and lower bounds for various Diophantine exponents associated with the standard linear actions of $\mathrm{SL}_2 ( \mathcal{O}_K )$ on the punctured complex plane $\mathbb{C}^2 \setminus \{ \mathbf{0} \}$, where $K$ is a number field whose ring of integers $\mathcal{O}_K$ is discrete and within a unit distance of any complex number. The results are similar to those of Laurent and Nogueira for $\mathrm{SL}_2 ( \mathbb{Z} )$ action on $\mathbb{R}^2 \setminus \{ \mathbf{0} \}$ albeit for us, uniformly nice bounds are obtained only outside of a set of null measure.
The trace metal economy of the coral holobiont: supplies, demands and exchanges

The juxtaposition of highly productive coral reef ecosystems in oligotrophic waters has spurred substantial interest and progress in our understanding of macronutrient uptake, exchange, and recycling among coral holobiont partners (host coral, dinoflagellate endosymbiont, endolithic algae, fungi, viruses, bacterial communities). By contrast, the contribution of trace metals to the physiological performance of the coral holobiont and, in turn, the functional ecology of reef‐building corals remains unclear. The coral holobiont's trace metal economy is a network of supply, demand, and exchanges upheld by cross‐kingdom symbiotic partnerships. Each partner has unique trace metal requirements that are central to their biochemical functions and the metabolic stability of the holobiont. Organismal homeostasis and the exchanges among partners determine the ability of the coral holobiont to adjust to fluctuating trace metal supplies in heterogeneous reef environments. This review details the requirements for trace metals in core biological processes and describes how metal exchanges among holobiont partners are key to sustaining complex nutritional symbioses in oligotrophic environments. Specifically, we discuss how trace metals contribute to partner compatibility, ability to cope with stress, and thereby to organismal fitness and distribution. Beyond holobiont trace metal cycling, we outline how the dynamic nature of the availability of environmental trace metal supplies can be influenced by a variability of abiotic factors (e.g. temperature, light, pH, etc.). Climate change will have profound consequences on the availability of trace metals and further intensify the myriad stressors that influence coral survival. Lastly, we suggest future research directions necessary for understanding the impacts of trace metals on the coral holobiont symbioses spanning subcellular to organismal levels, which will inform nutrient cycling in coral ecosystems more broadly. Collectively, this cross‐scale elucidation of the role of trace metals for the coral holobiont will allow us to improve forecasts of future coral reef function.
Genome-Wide Characterization and Expression Profiling of the GRAS Gene Family in Salt and Alkali Stresses in Miscanthus sinensis

The GRAS family genes encode plant-specific transcription factors that play important roles in a diverse range of developmental processes and abiotic stress responses. However, the information of GRAS gene family in the bioenergy crop Miscanthus has not been available. Here, we report the genome-wide identification of GRAS gene family in Micanthus sinensis. A total of 123 MsGRAS genes were identified, which were divided into ten subfamilies based on the phylogenetic analysis. The co-linearity analysis revealed that 59 MsGRAS genes experienced segmental duplication, forming 35 paralogous pairs. The expression of six MsGRAS genes in responding to salt, alkali, and mixed salt-alkali stresses was analyzed by transcriptome and real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) assays. Furthermore, the role of MsGRAS60 in salt and alkali stress response was characterized in transgenic Arabidopsis. The MsGRAS60 overexpression lines exhibited hyposensitivity to abscisic acid (ABA) treatment and resulted in compromised tolerance to salt and alkali stresses, suggesting that MsGRAS60 is a negative regulator of salt and alkali tolerance via an ABA-dependent signaling pathway. The salt and alkali stress-inducible MsGRAS genes identified serve as candidates for the improvement of abiotic stress tolerance in Miscanthus.
RSAD2 Is an Effective Target for High-Yield Vaccine Production in MDCK Cells

Increasingly, attention has focused on improving vaccine production in cells using gene editing technology to specifically modify key virus regulation-related genes to promote virus replication. In this study, we used DIA proteomics analysis technology to compare protein expression differences between two groups of MDCK cells: uninfected and influenza A virus (IAV) H1N1-infected cells 16 h post infection (MOI = 0.01). Initially, 266 differentially expressed proteins were detected after infection, 157 of which were upregulated and 109 were downregulated. We screened these proteins to 23 genes related to antiviral innate immunity regulation based on functional annotation database analysis and verified the mRNA expression of these genes using qPCR. Combining our results with published literature, we focused on the proteins RSAD2, KCNN4, IDO1, and ISG20; we verified their expression using western blot, which was consistent with our proteomics results. Finally, we knocked down RSAD2 using lentiviral shRNA expression vectors and found that RSAD2 inhibition significantly increased IAV NP gene expression, effectively promoting influenza virus replication with no significant effect on cell proliferation. These results indicate that RSAD2 is potentially an effective target for establishing high-yield vaccine MDCK cell lines and will help to fully understand the interaction mechanism between host cells and influenza viruses.
Relationship between the Dynamics of Gross Composition, Free Fatty Acids and Biogenic Amines, and Microbial Shifts during the Ripening of Raw Ewe Milk-Derived Idiazabal Cheese

Simple Summary The microbiota present in cheese is of special interest as it contributes to the synthesis of different compounds related to cheese quality and safety. However, to date, no studies have been carried out in cheese to elucidate the relationship between bacterial communities, characterized by high-throughput sequencing (HTS), and the dynamics of gross composition, free fatty acids (FFAs) and biogenic amines (BAs) during ripening. In this sense, this work focused on Idiazabal PDO cheese, a semi-hard or hard cheese produced from raw ewe milk. Results revealed that the non-starter lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus, Enterococcus and Streptococcus were positively associated with the changes in gross composition and the release of FFAs, while only Lactobacillus was positively associated with the production of BAs. Several genera of environmental or undesirable bacteria presented negative correlations, which could indicate a negative impact of gross composition on their growth, the antimicrobial effect of FFAs and/or the importance of such FFAs as metabolic substrates for these bacteria, and their capability to degrade BAs. Abstract This study reports for the first time the relationship between bacterial succession, characterized by high-throughput sequencing (sequencing of V3–V4 16S rRNA regions), and the evolution of gross composition, free fatty acids (FFAs) and biogenic amines (BAs) during cheese ripening. Specifically, Idiazabal PDO cheese, a raw ewe milk-derived semi-hard o hard cheese, was analysed. Altogether, 8 gross parameters were monitored (pH, dry matter, protein, fat, Ca, Mg, P and NaCl) and 21 FFAs and 8 BAs were detected. The ripening time influenced the concentration of most physico-chemical parameters, whereas the producer mainly affected the gross composition and FFAs. Through an O2PLS approach, the non-starter lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus, Enterococcus and Streptococcus were reported as positively related to the evolution of gross composition and FFAs release, while only Lactobacillus was positively related to BAs production. Several environmental or non-desirable bacteria showed negative correlations, which could indicate the negative impact of gross composition on their growth, the antimicrobial effect of FFAs and/or the metabolic use of FFAs by these genera, and their ability to degrade BAs. Nonetheless, Obesumbacterium and Chromohalobacter were positively associated with the synthesis of FFAs and BAs, respectively. This research work provides novel information that may contribute to the understanding of possible functional relationships between bacterial communities and the evolution of several cheese quality and safety parameters.
Interpolation Theorems in Harmonic Analysis

This expository thesis contains a study of four interpolation theorems, the requisite background material, and a few applications. The materials introduced in the first three sections of Chapter 1 are used to motivate and prove the Riesz-Thorin interpolation theorem and its extension by Stein, both of which are presented in the fourth section. Chapter 2 revolves around Calder\'{o}n's complex method of interpolation and the interpolation theorem of Fefferman and Stein, with the material in between providing the necessary examples and tools. The two theorems are then applied to a brief study of linear partial differential equations, Sobolev spaces, and Fourier integral operators, presented in the last section of the second chapter.
On the Hartogs extension theorem for unbounded domains in $\mathbb{C}^n$

Let $\Omega\subset\mathbb{C}^n$, $n\geq 2$, be a domain with smooth connected boundary. If $\Omega$ is relatively compact, the Hartogs-Bochner theorem ensures that every CR distribution on $\partial\Omega$ has a holomorphic extension to $\Omega$. For unbounded domains this extension property may fail, for example if $\Omega$ contains a complex hypersurface. The main result in this paper tells that the extension property holds if and only if the envelope of holomorphy of $\mathbb{C}^n\backslash\overline{\Omega}$ is $\mathbb{C}^n$. It seems that it is a first result in the literature which gives a geometric characterization of unbounded domains in $\mathbb C^n$ for which the Hartogs phenomenon holds. Comparing this to earlier work by the first two authors and Z. ~S{\l}odkowski, one observes that the extension problem sensitively depends on a finer geometry of the contact of a complex hypersurface and the boundary of the domain.
On the nature of persistent stratospheric clouds in the Antarctic

Thin, persistent very high clouds called “Stratospheric Cist” were reported at Maudheim base (71°03′S, 10°56′W) during the 1950–51 austral winters. The nature of these clouds, whether they are H 2 O or dust, is of importance in the proposed sink for stratospheric moisture in the Antarctic winter. Results are presented from analyses of unpublished daily cloud reports and daily upper air measurements from the Maudheim expedition. The results reveal strong evidence that the “Stratospheric Cist” were stratospheric ice clouds. Given this identification, an upper limit of 6–7 ppm can be assigned to the water vapor mixing ratio in the lower stratosphere for the 1950–51 Antarctic winters. DOI: 10.1111/j.2153-3490.1977. tb00765.x
Advances in sequencing and key character analysis of mango (Mangifera indica L.)

Abstract Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is an important fruit crop in tropical and subtropical countries associated with many agronomic and horticultural problems, such as susceptibility to pathogens, including powdery mildew and anthracnose, poor yield and quality, and short shelf life. Conventional breeding techniques exhibit significant limitations in improving mango quality due to the characteristics of long ripening, self-incompatibility, and high genetic heterozygosity. In recent years, much emphasis has been placed on identification of key genes controlling a certain trait through genomic association analysis and directly breeding new varieties through transgene or genotype selection of offspring. This paper reviews the latest research progress on the genome and transcriptome sequencing of mango fruit. The rapid development of genome sequencing and bioinformatics provides effective strategies for identifying, labeling, cloning, and manipulating many genes related to economically important traits. Preliminary verification of the functions of mango genes has been conducted, including genes related to flowering regulation, fruit development, and polyphenol biosynthesis. Importantly, modern biotechnology can refine existing mango varieties to meet the market demand with high economic benefits.
Motivic rational homotopy type

We propose a motivic generalization of rational homotopy types. The algebraic invariants we study are defined as algebra objects in the category of mixed motives. This invariant plays a role of Sullivan's polynomial de Rham algebras. Another main notion is that of cotangent motives. Our main objective is to investigate the topological realization of these invariants and study their structures. Applying these machineries and the Tannakian theory, we construct actions of a derived motivic Galois group on rational homotopy types. Thanks to this, we deduce actions of the motivic Galois group of pro-unipotent completions of homotopy groups.
Rationally Designed Oral DOX Gels for Colon-Specific Administration

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of death from cancer in both men and women. Traditional CRC dosage forms deliver the drug to both desired and unwanted sites of drug action, resulting in a number of negative side effects. Chemotherapeutic and chemopreventive agents are being targeted and delivered directly to the colon and rectum using targeted oral drug delivery systems. The main challenge in successfully targeting drugs to the colon via the oral route is avoiding drug absorption/degradation in the stomach and small intestine before the dosage form reaches the colon. In this study, we employed biocompatible chalk to adsorb DOX, then mixed pectin and cross-linked with calcium ions to form PC–DOX gels. The presence of cross-linked pectin and chalk can provide dual protection for the drug, significantly reducing drug leakage in gastric acid. In vitro release results showed that the designed PC–DOX could achieve 68% colon delivery efficiency. In the simulated colon environment, the released semi-degradable chalk did not affect the uptake of doxorubicin by colon cancer cells. Finally, in vivo simulation experiments in mice showed that rationally designed PC–DOX could achieve the highest colonic delivery efficiency. Our strategy has great potential for application in the treatment of colon cancer.
Zimmer's conjecture for lattice actions: the ${\rm SL}(n, \mathbb C)$-case

We prove Zimmer's conjecture for co-compact lattices in ${\rm SL}(n, \mathbb C)$: for any co-compact lattice in ${\rm SL}(n, \mathbb C)$, $n \geq 3$, any $\Gamma$-action on a compact manifold $M$ with dimension: (I) less than $2n-2$ if $n \neq 4$, (II) less than $5$ if $n = 4$, by $C^{1+\epsilon}$ diffeomorphisms factors through a finite action.
Urban-Rural Humidity Differences

Abstract Urban and rural airport surface weather observations in a 13-year period of rapid city growth are used to document city effects on absolute and relative humidity in a dry climate at fairly high latitudes. The city is found to be dry at all hours (relative humidity) and dry by day but moist at night (absolute humidity) in all but winter months. Some but not all of the major features of the humidity differences conform to those found by Ackerman for Chicago. In winter, relative and absolute humidities are high in the city at all hours because of vertical mixing and combustion sources. Maximum differences in absolute humidity at night occur in March and August. The former is attributed primarily to urban snowmelt on occasions when rural temperatures are below freezing. The August peak occurs near sunrise and is attributed mainly to rural dewfall. The times of maximum cooling and maximum absolute humidity in the city on clear hights in summer are strongly dependent on wind speed. For this reason it i.
On the Classification of Elliptic Fibrations modulo Isomorphism on K3 Surfaces with large Picard Number

Motivated by a problem originating in string theory, we study elliptic brations on K3 surfaces with large Picard number modulo isomorphism. We give methods to determine upper bounds for the number of inequivalent K3 surfaces sharing the same frame lattice. For any given Neron{ Severi lattice SX, such a bound on the ‘multiplicity’ can be derived by investigating the quotient of the isometry group of SX by the automorphism group. The resulting bounds are strongest for large Picard numbers and multiplicities of unity do indeed occur for a number of K3 surfaces with Picard number 20. Under a few extra conditions, a more rened analysis is also possible by explicitly studying the embedding of SX into the even unimodular lattice II1;25 and exploiting the detailed structure of the isometry groups of SX and II1;25. We illustrate these methods in examples and derive bounds for the number of elliptic brations on Kummer surfaces of Picard numbers 17 and 20. As an intermediate step, we also discuss coarser classication schemes and review known results.
Thin cloud removal from remote sensing images using multidirectional dual tree complex wavelet transform and transfer least square support vector regression

Abstract. The existence of clouds affects the interpretation and utilization of remote sensing images. A thin cloud removal algorithm for cloud-contaminated remote sensing images is proposed by combining a multidirectional dual tree complex wavelet transform (M-DTCWT) with domain adaptation transfer least square support vector regression (T-LSSVR). First, M-DTCWT is constructed by using the hourglass filter bank in combination with DTCWT, which is used to decompose remote sensing images into multiscale and multidirectional subbands. Then the low-frequency subband coefficients of the cloud-free regions on target images and source domain images are used as samples for a T-LSSVR model, which can be used to predict those of the cloud regions on cloud-contaminated images. Finally, by enhancing the high-frequency coefficients and replacing the low-frequency coefficients, the thin clouds on cloud-contaminated images are removed. Experimental results show that M-DTCWT contributes to keeping the details of the ground objects of cloud-contaminated images, and the T-LSSVR model can effectively learn the contour information from multisource and multitemporal images, therefore, the proposed method achieves a good effect of thin cloud removal.
Investigation of Mechanical Properties of Coffee Husk-HDPE-ABS Polymer Composite Using Injection-Molding Method

Waste biomass-based natural fibers are being extensively researched nowadays as a composite material with various waste-based high-density polyethylene (HDPE) to utilize the waste biomass and recycle the plastic waste in an effective approach. In this study, chemically modified spent coffee husk (CH) has been applied with different ratios of HDPE to produce composite material and characterized comprehensively to determine the mechanical stability of the products. The injection molding method was used for composite development containing HDPE with untreated and 10 wt% NaOH-treated CH weight ratios of 0%, 15%, 20%, and 25% together with 10 wt% coupling agent and filler materials of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and kaolin clay, respectively. Physicochemical characteristics of untreated CH, 10 wt% NaOH treated CH, pristine HDPE and HDPE-CH composites have been analyzed comprehensively in this study. Adding 25 wt% fiber with 65 wt% HDPE and 10 wt% of ABS (7 wt%)-kaolin clay (3 wt%) increased the tensile and bending properties significantly. This composite presented the maximum tensile, flexural, and impact strengths, which were 36 MPa, 7.5 MPa, and 2.8 KJ/m2, respectively. The tensile strength and bending strength of NaOH-treated coffee husk fibers (CHF) were enhanced by 32% and 29%, respectively. The microstructural characteristics of HDPE with treated and untreated CHF composites analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) demonstrated the fibers’ and matrix’s excellent adhesion and compatibility. Thus, HDPE polymer-treated CH composite presented excellent stability, which can be expected as a new addition for construction, food packaging, and other industrial applications.