Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparing supervised machine learning approaches to automatically code learning designs in mobile learning

To understand and support teachers’ design practices, researchers in Learning Design manually analyse small sets of design artifacts produced by teachers. This demands substantial manual work and provides a narrow view of the community of teachers behind the designs. This paper compares the performance of diﬀerent Supervised Machine Learning (SML) approaches to automatically code datasets of learning designs. For this purpose, we extracted a subset of learning designs (i.e., their textual content) from Avastusrada and Smartzoos, two mobile learning tools. Later, we manually coded it guided by rel-evant theoretical models to the context of mobile learning and used it to train and compare several combinations of SML models and feature extraction techniques. Results show that such models can reliably code learning design datasets and could be used to understand the learning design practices of large communities of teachers in mobile learning and beyond.
The Outcome of Trans-catheter Closure of Patent Ductus Arteriosus: A Single-Center Experience

Objective The objective is to share our experience of trans-catheter device closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and review its efficacy and immediate complications. Methodology This cross-sectional observational study was done in the Department of Pediatric cardiology, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar from January 2020 to December 2020. A total of 51 patients with isolated PDA, who underwent PDA device closure, were enlisted in this study through consecutive sampling methods, irrespective of their age and gender. Data of the patients were collected on preformed pro forma. Data was entered in SPSS 20 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Descriptive statistics like mean ± SD for numerical data (age, weight, and hospital stay), while frequency and percentage for categorical variables (Device type, complication, hospital stay, and type of anesthesia given) were calculated. Results Among total 51 patients (33 [64.7%] females and 18 [35.3%] males) with mean age 8.19 ± 6.96 years underwent attempted trans-catheter PDA device closure. In all cases PDA was successfully occluded with appropriate size devices. General anesthesia was given in 38 (74.5%) patients. Complications occurred in only four (7.8%) patients in the form of hemolysis followed by acute kidney injury in one patient, another had device embolization to descending aorta, which was retrieved in cath lab, one had device embolization to the right pulmonary artery, which was retrieved in cath lab and one had mild left ventricular systolic dysfunction. The mean duration of hospital stay was 22.0 ± 10.2 h. Conclusion Trans-catheter PDA device closure is a safe procedure with a high success rate and little morbidity.
The Application of Artificial Emotions in Artificial Intelligence

The current research effort on AI is mainly focused on how to more efficiently completing specific tasks. Some incredible achievements can already be seen in navigation, data prediction, personalized advertisement and more. However, researchers seem less motivated to study how AI behaviour can be made more like an actual human. The academic engagement on this specific issue is commonly seen in Philosophy and Cognitive Science. This paper shall attempt to establish a relationship between the human memory system and Artificial Intelligence, which helps us understand how human cognition can be reduced to a computational process. The paper introduces some historical psychologic studies of memory and learning, including Pavlovian Conditioning, H.M. , Lashley's Law of Mass Action. Some basic ideas in the philosophy of mind and neurophilosophy are also discussed to build the argument. The conclusion of this paper suggests that there is far more computational process hidden behind our daily behaviour than what we tend to perceive. From a behavioral standpoint, artificial intelligence is perfectly capable of simulating human actions. It is also worth noting that studying AI as a bionic technology allows a certain level of ignorance. The paper is built on the assumption that a human-like AI is possible without a complete and thorough understanding of brain science.
Explaining the New Street Snap Style Among Young People in China, From 2017 to 2021: Rap Shows and Celebrity Effect and Hip-hop Culture

Why is hip-hop dominant in China's street snap from 2017 to 2021? Many friends of mine have started wearing hip-hop clothes in recent years. Celebrities have also been posting pictures of themselves wearing hoodies, and other garments represent hip-hop culture on various platforms. To find out this problem, this essay used the survey method to investigate students aged between 16 and 26. The reason for adopting the survey method is that it is easy to operate, analyze the results, target a wide range of people, and the results are universal. China is taken as an example in this essay. According to the data from the survey, one of the important reasons for the popularity of hip-hop elements in China street shot is the influence of variety shows that have relativity with hip-hop launched after 2017. This result reflects valuable information. People who love hip-hop culture can have a reference to study its development in China. At the same time, it shows that the media play an important role in cultural communication. In addition, this study can help the government supervise and promote cultural development.
Effective Classroom Management: A Sine Qua Non to Effective Teaching in a School Setting

A classroom is a place where a teacher teaches the learners and where the learners learn from a teacher. Being the workshop of a teacher where teaching and learning take place, the management of a classroom needs to be accorded priority attention. It is believed that if classroom management is given attention, so will effective teaching be achieved. In this paper, the issue of effective classroom management is examined, with a focus on the elements, such as the effective use of chalkboard, communication, use of teaching aids/instructional materials, evaluation of lesson, and management of behavioural challenges, such as noise-making, sleeping, fighting, reading, writing, eating, hissing, foot-dragging, just to mention a few; as well as the management of classroom environment, are examined. The paper recommends how to achieve effective classroom management and ultimately, effective teaching in a classroom setting, such as effective use of chalkboard, communication, use of instructional materials, evaluation of lesson, and management of behavioural challenges.
Synthesis of Alkyne-Substituted Dihydropyrrolones as Bacterial Quorum-Sensing Inhibitors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

The Quorum-sensing system in Pseudomonas aeruginosa is responsible for the pathogenicity and the production of virulence factors and biofilm formation. Dihydropyrrolones were previously found to act as inhibitors of QS-dependent bacterial phenotypes. In this study, a range of dihydropyrrolone (DHP) analogues was synthesized via the lactone-lactam conversion of lactone intermediates followed by the formation of novel acetylene analogues of dihydropyrrolones from brominated dihydropyrrolones via Sonogashira coupling reactions in moderate to high yields. Upon biological testing, the most potent compounds, 39–40 and 44, showed higher bacterial quorum-sensing inhibitory (QSI) activity against P. aeruginosa reporter strain at 62.5 µM. Structure–activity relationship studies revealed that di-alkynyl substituent at the exocyclic position of DHPs possessed higher QSI activities than those of mono-alkynyl DHPs. Moreover, a hexyl-substituent at C3 of DHPs was beneficial to QSI activity while a phenyl substituent at C4 of DHPs was detrimental to QSI activity of analogues.
Impulsively Started Flat Plate Wing

ow visualization were used as a method to characterize the rst ve chordlengths of travel of the accelerated wing. Force balance results indicate that in the rst ve chordlengths of translation, relevant to timescales seen in apping ight, a high lift mechanism works to increase lift past steady state capabilities for an angle of attack above steady state stall. However at angles of attack below steady state stall, an adverse unsteady mechanism is evident which reduces lift capabilities. These results indicate that translating a wing at angles that would produce stalled conditions in steady state could actually benet lift production on the timescales seen in apping
A 13-Gene DNA Methylation Analysis Using Oral Brushing Specimens as an Indicator of Oral Cancer Risk: A Descriptive Case Report

Analysis of genetic or epigenetic markers from saliva or brushing specimens has been proposed as a diagnostic aid to identify patients at risk of developing oral cancer. However, no reliable non-invasive molecular method for this purpose is commercially available. In the present report, we describe the potential application of a procedure based on a 13-gene DNA methylation analysis using oral brushing samples from a patient affected by oral leukoplakia who developed two metachronous oral carcinomas during the follow-up period. A positive or a negative score was calculated for each brushing sample based on a predefined cut-off value. In this patient, a positive score was detected in the oral leukoplakia diagnosed more than 2 years before the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma and subsequently in clinically healthy mucosa 8 months before the appearance of a secondary tumor. This suggests a potential role of our procedure as an indicator of oral cancer risk.
EDUKASI SADAR VIRUS GAME ONLINE KEPADA MASYARAKAT AKADEMIK DI MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH MUHAMMADIYAH MADURESO KECAMATAN KUWARASAN, KABUPATEN KEBUMEN

ABSTRAKVirus game online menjadi salah satu momok yang menakutkan bagi para orang tua. Virus ini memiliki pengaruh yang menjadikan anak-anak kecanduan dimana hal tersebut mengarah pada fase merusak dan menenggelamkan masa depan anak. Oleh karenanya upaya-upaya pencegahan dan peminimalisiran perilaku candu game online harus diberdayakan sejak dini, dengan diadakannya program-program kegiatan berbasis pendidikan dan pencegahan virus game online. Program kemitraan masyarakat dilaksanakan di madrasah ibtidaiyah dikarenakan pencegahan dan pemahaman sejak dini kepada para peserta didik di level dasar akan semakin baik. Pengabdian Kemitraan Masyarakat yang berkaitan dengan pendidikan sadar dini terkait adanya virus game online dilaksanakan di madrasah Ibtidaiyah Madureso, Kecamatan Kuwarasan Kabupaten Kebumen. Pengabdian tersebut berupa: Pertama,Sosialisasi kepada para guru/asatidz terkait pendidikan sadar virus game online yang berjumlah 25 orang. Kedua, memberi penyadaran dan pemahaman tentang virus game online dengan mendongeng kepada siswa kelas IV sampai kelas VI. Ketiga, mengadakan lomba poster bertemakan bebas virus game online bagi para peserta didik dan Keempat, membuat slogan-slogan anti virus game online bagi para peserta didik. Harapannya, dengan adanya pengabdian kemitraan masyarakat ini, Ibtidaiyah Madureso Kecamatan Kuwarasan, Kabupaten Kebumen akan benar-benar terbebas dari perilaku siswa didik yang mengarah pada kecanduan game online. Kata kunci: game online; pengabdian kemitraan masyarakat; madrasah ibtidaiyah muhammadiyah madureso kuwarasan kebumen ABSTRACTOnline game viruses have become a frightening specter for parents. This virus has an effect that makes children addicted which leads to a destructive phase and drowns out the child's future. Efforts to prevent and minimize the addictive behavior of online games must be empowered from early stage, with the implementation of educational-based activity programs and online game virus prevention. The community partnership program is implemented in madrasah ibtidaiyah because early prevention and understanding of students at the basic level will be better. Community Partnership Services related to early awareness education related to online game viruses were carried out at Madureso Ibtidaiyah madrasah, Kuwarasan District, Kebumen Regency. The dedication is: First, socialization to teachers or asatidz related to online game virus awareness education, amounting to 25 people, Second is providing awareness and understanding of online game viruses by storytelling to grade IV to grade VI students. Third is holding a virus-free online game themed poster competition for students and fourth, making anti-virus online game slogans for students. The hope is, with this community service dedication, Ibtidaiyah Madureso, Kuwarasan District, Kebumen Regency will be completely free from student behavior that leads from online game addiction. Keywords: online game; community partnership dedication; madrasah ibtidaiyah muhammadiyah madureso kuwarasan kebumen
Enhancing ON- and OFF-State Performance of Quasi-Vertical GaN Trench MOSFETs on Sapphire With Reduced Interface Charges and a Thick Bottom Dielectric

In this letter, we report the enhancement of ON- and OFF-state performance in vertical GaN trench MOSFETs through fabrication process optimization. The ON-state device performance was effectively improved by reducing MOS channel interface charges with a piranha cleaning process prior to the gate dielectric deposition. For the OFF-state, the breakdown voltage (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\text{BR}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) of the device was greatly enhanced via suppressing the electric field in the gate dielectric near the bottom of the gate trench with a thick bottom dielectric process. As a result, high-performance quasi-vertical GaN trench MOSFETs grown on sapphire substrates with a 4-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-thick drift layer are demonstrated, exhibiting a low specific ON-resistance of 0.95 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{m}\Omega \cdot \text{cm}^{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, a high maximum drain current of 3.4 kA/cm<sup>2</sup>, a large threshold voltage of 6.1 V (defined at <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${I}_{\text{D}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of 1 A/cm<sup>2</sup>), and a high <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\text{BR}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of 485 V.
Expressions of stress of people with severe intellectual disabilities and sensitive caregiving to regulate stress: A qualitative study

ABSTRACT Background People with severe to profound intellectual disabilities have particular needs for others to help them regulate stress. Such support may be hampered by difficulties in detecting and interpreting expressions of stress. This study aimed to describe and identify stress-related behaviours and sensitive, stress-regulating responses to these behaviours. Method Video recordings of psychotherapeutic interactions between four clients with severe intellectual disabilities and behavioural problems and two attachment therapists were analysed using a stepwise spiral of analysis approach. Stress-related behaviours were identified with a behaviour rating scale for arousal and valence. Results Distinct stress-related behaviours were subdivided into stress-specific, non-stress-specific, and client-specific behaviours. Additionally, examples of responsive behaviours to clients’ expressions of varying arousal and valence were found. Conclusions A wide variety of expressions indicative of different levels of arousal were found, with few expressions specific for stress. The descriptions of responsive behaviours might support parents and caregivers in external stress regulation.
Broadband circularly polarised implantable antenna for biomedical applications

A compact, broadband and single-fed circularly polarised implantable patch antenna is numerically evaluated and experimentally demonstrated for industrial, scientific, and medical band (2.45 GHz) biomedical telemetry application. By inserting a cross-shaped slot with unequal-length arms in the ground plane, the proposed antenna can obtain improvement for both impedance bandwidth and axial ratio (AR) bandwidth, without increasing the backward radiation. The simulated −10 dB impedance and 3 dB AR bandwidths are 16.15% and 6.09%. The measured impedance bandwidth is 14.03%. The overall antenna size (including the superstrate) is 10 × 10 × 1.27 mm3.
Information battleground: Conflict perceptions motivate the belief in and sharing of fake news about the adversary

Why do people disseminate fake news online? We investigate this question by focusing on the effect of perceived conflict on the endorsement of fake news in the context of a regional conflict between Russia and the West as experienced by Ukrainian citizens. In our survey experiment, a sample of Ukrainians (N= 1,615) was randomly assigned to read negative fake news stories about Russia, the European Union or Tanzania – a country with no stakes in the conflict. We find that perceived conflict between Ukraine and Russia makes Ukrainians less likely to endorse fake news targeting the European Union, but more likely to endorse fake news about Russia. This finding extends the support for motivated reasoning theory beyond Western contexts investigated so far, but also advances our understanding of why false information is disseminated and point to the importance of conflict de-escalation to prevent its diffusion.
Efficient Privacy-Preserving Data Aggregation Scheme with Fault Tolerance in Smart Grid

As the traditional grid produces a large amount of greenhouse gas and cannot adapt to such new demands as dynamic electricity prices, data analysis, and early warning, smart grid with high efficiency and reliability is increasingly valued. It plays a key role in achieving carbon neutrality. Nonetheless, smart grid requires the collection of real-time power data, and personal privacy may be leaked through the frequent electricity measurement reports. With the requirements of data analysis and prediction while preserving users’ personal privacy, data aggregation schemes have emerged. However, existing schemes cannot resolve all the troubles well. Some schemes do not consider the failures for smart meters, and most of the schemes have expensive computation cost. In view of this, an efficient privacy-preserving data aggregation scheme with fault tolerance in smart grid is put forward in this paper. To be specific, the proposed scheme is lightweight due to the application of the symmetric homomorphic encryption technology and the elliptic curve cryptography. Even if some smart meters are destroyed, the proposed scheme can still successfully obtain aggregated data. Moreover, the proposed data aggregation scheme is proved to be secure, and all security requirements can be satisfied. Performance evaluation illustrates the relatively low computation cost and communication overhead of the proposed scheme compared to other related schemes.
Measuring America’s Affordability Problem: Comparing Alternative Measurements of Affordable Housing

Abstract Significant scholarly and policy debate has focused on the measurement of affordable housing, with emphasis on what is an appropriate threshold of affordability. However, this threshold is only one component of affordable housing measurement, with accurate and substantively appropriate measurements of income and households also being needed. In this study, I produce a series of estimates of affordable housing among low-income households in the United States under unique combinations of income, providers of income within the household, and thresholds of affordability. I find that these alternative measures yield a broad range of estimates ranging from a majority of households (69.8%) to a low of 20.2%. When examining how individual criteria affect estimates, I find that focusing on wage income alone and using residual income both drastically influence estimates. Ethnoracial disparities are also affected, with alternative measurements often muting—but never completely explaining—disparities between White and non-White households.
RegiSCAR DRESS (Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms) Validation Scoring System and Japanese Consensus Group Criteria for Atypical Drug-Induced Hypersensitivity Syndrome (DiHS): A Comparative Analysis

Context: Drug reaction with eosinphilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) and drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DiHS) represent the same spectrum of a drug reaction. Aims: To compare the clinical profile of patients diagnosed as definite/probable DRESS by the Registry of Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reaction (RegiSCAR) scoring system and as atypical DiHS by Japanese consensus group criteria. Settings and Design: We did a retrospective study in a tertiary referral center. Materials and Methods: We included patients who satisfied the criteria for definite/probable DRESS and/or atypical DiHS and who received inpatient care in our department from January 2011 to December 2018. We compared the clinical and laboratory findings in patients diagnosed by the two criteria. Statistical Analysis: Pearson Chi-square test was used to compare the proportion of patients with severe reactions diagnosed by the RegiSCAR DRESS validation scoring system and the Japanese consensus group criteria. Results: Among the 390 case records reviewed, 138 patients could be classified as definite/probable DRESS and/or atypical DiHS. Japanese criteria did not diagnose atypical DiHS in 88/137 (64.2%) patients with definite/probable DRESS. RegiSCAR scoring system made a diagnosis of definite/probable DRESS in 49/50 (98%) patients with atypical DiHS. A total of 58/138 (42%) patients had a severe reaction. RegiSCAR scoring system diagnosed 57/58 (98.3%) patients with severe reaction as definite/probable DRESS. A total of 32/58 (55.2%) patients with severe reactions were diagnosed as atypical DiHS. The difference was statistically significant (<0.001). Conclusion: Japanese criteria for atypical DiHS showed reduced sensitivity to diagnose definite/probable DRESS, and this included more than 40% of patients with severe DRESS.
The Relationship between the SARC-F Score and the Controlling Nutritional Status Score in Gastrointestinal Diseases

We sought to examine the relationship between the SARC-F score and the Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score in patients with gastrointestinal diseases (GDs, n = 735, median age = 71 years, and 188 advanced cancer cases). The SARC-F score ≥ 4 (highly suspicious of sarcopenia) was found in 93 cases (12.7%). Mild malnutritional condition was seen in 310 cases (42.2%), moderate in 127 (17.3%) and severe in 27 (3.7%). The median SARC-F scores in categories of normal, mild, moderate and severe malnutritional condition were 0, 0, 1 and 1 (overall p < 0.0001). The percentage of SARC-F score ≥ 4 in categories of normal, mild, moderate and severe malnutritional condition were 4.4%, 12.9%, 26.8% and 25.9% (overall p < 0.0001). The SARC-F score was an independent factor for both the CONUT score ≥ 2 (mild, moderate or severe malnutrition) and ≥5 (moderate or severe malnutrition). In the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis for the CONUT score ≥ 2, C reactive protein (CRP) had the highest area under the ROC (AUC = 0.70), followed by the SARC-F score (AUC = 0.60). In the ROC analysis for the CONUT score ≥ 5, CRP had the highest AUC (AUC = 0.79), followed by the SARC-F score (AUC = 0.63). In conclusion, the SARC-F score in patients with GDs can reflect malnutritional status.