Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interference requirements at vehicle platforms to protect UWB communication

Wireless techniques are introduced on a broad basis in vehicular platforms. Ultra-Wideband (UWB) is one of several candidates that are suggested as bearer for a digital key application. With such a development, it is of greatest importance that the wireless technology is robust against interference. Furthermore, if UWB will be used, the vehicle and component requirements used for the vehicular platform need to be adjusted to cover this technique. In this work, the interference vulnerability of the waveform high rate packet (HRP) in the UWB standard IEEE 802.15. 4 is investigated. The performance is analyzed at both the physical and the medium access control (MAC) layer. The results are then used to derive levels of the maximum allowed radiated emission from equipment in the vehicle on vehicle and on component level for the HPR waveform with data rate of 110 kbit/s and 6.81 MHz.
Cyber-Physical Contracts in Offline Regions

LoRaWAN is primarily used in the field of Internet of Things (IoT) applications to transmit sensor values at low cost and build applications on that data. However, LoRaWAN is not commonly used to actively participate in applications. In this paper, we present a universal approach to integrate LoRaWAN into larger cyber-physical systems. For this purpose, we developed an abstraction for Fides, a framework for decentralized cyber-physical contracts, and show how to participate in those contracts with LoRaWAN, even in offline regions without Internet connectivity. Therefore, we present both the necessary extensions to Fides itself, as well as the LoRaWAN protocol used for communication. These components are complemented by a secure middleware, which not only translates the LoRaWAN transactions and acts on behalf of the users but also provides information about the contracts back to the devices.
Design RF Magnetic Devices With Linear and Nonlinear Equivalent Circuit Models: Demystify RF Magnetics With Equivalent Circuit Models

Magnetic materials offer a unique combination of properties for RF applications, such as nonreciprocity, high permeability, broad tunability, strong frequency dispersion, and nonlinearity <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref1">[1]</xref>, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref2">[2]</xref>, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref3">[3]</xref>. In contrast to a dielectric material, where a scalar permittivity constant is often sufficient to represent the property of the material, the permeability of an RF magnetic material is usually a tensor in its linear regime, which is expressed in the form of an asymmetrical matrix; yet each entry in the matrix varies as a function of frequency and biasing field. At high RF power, the magnetic material can be easily driven into a nonlinear regime, which exhibits increased dissipation, drifting of resonant frequency, generation of harmonics, and so on. At a microscale, electromagnetic waves in magnetic materials are often coupled with spin waves that are supported by exchange coupling in quantum mechanics, which adds more complexity to the understanding and applications of the material.
Signal restoration by spectral mapping

Traditional approaches to the problem of noise suppression or signal restoration have been almost entirely based upon the methodology and theory of signal estimation. In this paper, we treat signal restoration as a problem in signal detection. Instead of estimating the characteristics of the signal and/or the noise, we establish a correspondence between the clean and the noisy signal through spectral mapping. In the procedure, we collect separate samples of both the clean signal and the noise. When the noise is additive, the (simulated) noisy signal is obtained by adding the noise to the clean signal. The sequence of short time spectra of the clean signal and that of the noisy signal form a one-to-one correspondence. The noisy spectral sequence is then used as a detection reference, to which the short time spectrum of an unknown noisy observation is compared, resulting in a detected occurrence of a particular group of spectra in the noisy sequence. Through the (inverse) mapping, the clean spectra that correspond to the detected noisy spectra are selected and processed to produce the restored spectrum. One important notion of the approach is that it is not limited to the usual least squares or minimum mean square framework. Our preliminary results show that when the mapping (detection) is based upon the likelihood ratio distortion measure, an SNR improvement of approximately 10 dB is obtainable for a 14 dB SNR noisy signal. Under the same condition, an improvement of approximately 8.5 dB can be obtained using a truncated cepstral distance measure.
A fast and efficient Model Extraction Method to predict the transient Response of ESD Protection Devices

ElectroStatic discharge (ESD) protection devices have non-linear and complex behavior that makes system level design robustness predictions complex. To obtain a precise simulation, a model reproducing the turn-on behavior is needed. In this paper we propose a complete measurement and computation setup to get access to an equivalent frequency model of devices under strong pulse injection. To validate our proposed frequency model a comparison of measurements and simulations is performed on passive and linear components first, then on a protection device (TVS).
Power Control Research for Device-to-Device Wireless Network Underlying Reinforcement Learning

Aiming at the problem that co-channel interference leads to decrease of system data throughput when reusing cellular user spectrum resources, a D2D communication link power control method combined with reinforcement learning SARSA algorithm is proposed. Joint RL Model-free control and on-policy characteristics of actions consistent with evaluation strategies in SARSA. The simulation results show that it can significantly reduce average transmission power in the communication process and effectively improve the data throughput.
High sensitivity micro-vibration sensor with cascaded optical fiber gratings

We propose an optical micro-vibration sensor cascaded a long period fiber grating (LPFG) and a fiber Bragg grating (FBG). The sensor is constructed as a cantilever beam, and the top of it discharged to make a microsphere to increase the sensitivity. The length of the sensor sample was 8 cm, and the diameter of the microsphere was 280 μm. Its first-order resonant frequency is 15.7 Hz, the sensitivity at 15.7 Hz (first-order resonant frequency) and 38.0 Hz (flat region) are 42.25 mV/g and 1.62 mV/g, the noise equivalent resolution can reach 0.7 mg (at 15.7 Hz). It can obtain the better signal-to-noise ratios at low frequencies than the electrical sensors used as reference.
Large-eddy simulations of Richtmyer–Meshkov instability in a converging geometry

This work presents on-going research on large-eddy simulations of shock-generated mixing in Richtmyer-Meshkov flow in converging geometries. A hybrid numerical method is used on each subgrid of the mesh hierarchy within the AMROC (adaptive mesh refinement object oriented C++) framework: it is a shock capturing method but reverts to a centered scheme with low numerical viscosity in regions of smoother flow. The stretched-vortex subgrid-scale model allows for the capturing of the small-scale mixing process between the two fluids. Results presented focus on the evolution of the mixing layer and its internal statistics including various spectra and p.d. f.s of mixed molar and mass fractions. A detailed quantitative analysis has also been conducted including space-time histories of instantaneous cylindrical shell-averages of diverse quantities, taken concentrically to the main shocks. Comparisons are made with the planar Richtmyer-Meshkov instability with reshock studied by Vetter and Sturtevant (1995) [1] and Hill et al. (2006).
Effect of Step Skewing on the Cogging Torque of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator

Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG) is a generator whose magnetic field is generated by a permanent magnet located on the rotor and which does not require any external excitation source to generate the magnetic field. Although permanent magnet machines are high performance electric machines, there is a torque component that affects their output performance, being called cogging torque. Cogging torque also creates torque ripple during operation which also causes other disadvantages such as reduced efficiency, noise, and vibration in the system. To overcome the cogging problem, this research offers a step-skewing method. The purpose is to reduce the value of the change in reluctance with respect to position. A change in the axial dimension design of the rotor will reduce the value of the change in reluctance in the circumferential direction and thus the cogging torque will be reduced. The effect of the step-skewing in reducing the cogging torque on a permanent magnet synchronous generator is to be examined using 3D simulation using finite-element method (FEM) based software. Step skewing method is applied by varying the magnetic segments (j) parameter into 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7. The results show that the step-skewing method is effective in reducing the cogging torque on the permanent magnet synchronous generator. The greater the number of magnetic segments (j), the smaller the cogging torque value.
Experimental Study on Tensile Strength Degradation of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) Composite in Alkaline Environment

Carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP) composites are being extensively used in the civil engineering industry in recent years because of their superior characteristics. CFRP composites comprise carbon fibers that are resistive to corrosion and epoxy resin matrix which is highly vulnerable to moisture and corrosive ions. Therefore, the durability of these composites in harsh environment conditions especially in the alkaline environment still needs to be studied. Wastewater treatment plant tanks, sewage networks and marine structures using this technology to strengthen structures is a great challenge as alkaline ions present in these environments possess a serious threat to the CFRP system. In this study, a comprehensive accelerated program was conducted to assess the tensile capacity deterioration of CFRP composite subjected to an alkaline solution with a pH value of 12.6. Microstructure analysis was carried out using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) to identify in-depth material disintegration. A maximum tensile capacity reduction of 11.5% was identified and SEM images revealed damage in the resin matrix because of moisture and alkaline ion intrusion.
Angular Spectrum for Wireless Over-the-Air Measurements in the Loaded Reverberation Chamber

Reverberation chamber (RC) plays a very important role in the over-the-air (OTA) test of wireless devices. This work researches the power-angle-frequency spectrum and the power-angle-delay spectrum of the directional antenna under test (AUT) in the loaded RC. Through the derivation and measurement, it can be verified that, compared with the angular spectrum under a single scanning radius, synthetic aperture angular spectrum under multiple groups of different radii can more clearly reveal the relationship between the received power of directional AUT and the changes of azimuth angles and time delays, reflecting the spatial and temporal characteristics of the channel in the chamber. Meanwhile, the experimental results show that the absorbing loads can provide anisotropic channel environment and economic OTA solutions for the wireless devices with beamforming ability.
A Conceptual Framework to Understand the Multi-Hazard Early Warning Mechanism in Communication Management

A conceptual model development is a primary mechanism for defining dependencies among parameters. Here, the integration of concepts linked with Multi-Hazard Early Warning mechanism is captured. This became more significant when implementing Disaster Risk Reduction strategies emphasized by the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030. Such a warning mechanism is required to ensure that the public at risk is timely alerted and adequately informed. In proper understanding of this mechanism, the conceptual model development is a significant approach. Here, the activity level sequencing was determined with the analytical illustration of the activity concentration and stakeholder level. Recent studies were considered in conceptual model development. For further verification, the reviews obtained from the pilot expert survey were considered. The developed model was checked for applicability considering disaster situations such as Indian Ocean Tsunami in 2004, Cyclone Fani in 2019 and Meethotamulla garbage dump failure in 2017. Here, the activity level concentration variation is categorized based on stakeholder levels which define on the international to community level are captured along with time change. Based on the idealized conceptual framework, the policymakers and associated stakeholders can use this in integrating the guidelines and policy framework which are targeted at Disaster Risk Reduction.
Epistemic nature of quantum reasoning

Doubts are raised concerning the usual interpretation of the alleged failure, by quantum mechanics, of the distributive law of classical logic. The difficulty raised by incompatible sets of observables is overcome withinan epistemic enrichment of classical logic that provides the means for distinguishing between the value of a variable and its observation while retaining the classical connectives.
Determinants of Integrated Citizen-centric E-services in the Public Sector of Sri Lanka

This study aims to develop a conceptual model that could be adopted for the development of the existing e-government framework in Sri Lanka with the use of a more citizen-centred approach. Policy and Governance, E-government Service Quality, Information Technology Infrastructure and Organizational Commitment were identified as the most influential factors to implement a successful citizen-centred e-government framework. The study was carried out considering both users and nonusers of existing e-government services. As the findings unveiled, the most influential factor for existing users is the e-government service quality, whereas that of nonusers is the organizational commitment to the adoption of citizen-centred e-government services in Sri Lanka.
Leadership in Change Management Decisions for Successful ERP Implementation - A System Dynamics Perspective

Nowadays, more and more organizations are moving towards Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system solutions from their old legacy system solution. ERP is a project that requires a significant amount of change management to ensure a successful implementation. It involves not only large-scale technology changes, but also major shifts in process and organizational behavior. Despite this, literature have not extensively explored the interrelation between the challenge in change management and ERP implementation. This study intends to discuss and evaluate how the leadership will assist to the development of change management decisions in ERP implementation. Empirical evidence suggests that leadership responsibilities such as effective communication between management and employees, building core team productivity, increasing the quality of reengineering process and top management commitment will drive the implementation to the success. Relative Importance Index (RII) is used to define the research problem. Then system dynamics methodology was used to analyse and validate the dynamic behaviour of ERP implementation. Findings of the research paper emphasis the importance of various leadership factors in change management decisions how those will influence the success of ERP implementation in the long run.
Landslide Displacement Prediction Based on Multi-source Time Series

Displacement prediction has an important position in the landslide early warning and forecasting system. In order to improve the accuracy of displacement prediction, a landslide displacement dynamic prediction method combining variational modal decomposition with double exponential smoothing method and neural network is proposed. Firstly, the variational modal decomposition is performed on the historical monitoring displacement data to generate multiple modal components, and then the double exponential smoothing method and the extreme learning machine (ELM) model are used for prediction. Genetic algorithm is used to optimize the ELM model and finally accumulate the predicted values of each mode to complete the prediction. Taking the Baijiabao landslide in the Three Gorges reservoir area as an example, the proposed model is compared with the periodic terms predicted by the least squares support vector machine (LSSVM) and convolutional neural network-gated recurrent unit (CNN-GRU). The results show that the DES-GA-ELM used can effectively predict landslide displacement changes with the smallest prediction errors of 1.039 mm, 0.808 mm, 0.001, and 0.9890 for RMSE, MAE, MAPE, and R2 values, respectively. The research results can provide a technical basis for the landslide early warning monitoring system.
Bandwidth Enhancement of a Compact Dual-Polarized Antenna for Sub-6G 5G CPE

An ultrawideband dual-polarized antenna for fifth generation (5G) customer premise equipment is investigated and designed in a compact environment by using a double-loop-dipole structure and a co-planar-slot feeding concept. First, the existing design of dual-polarized octagonal loop dipoles is introduced at first. Then, a novel double-loop-dipole structure and co-planar-slot feeding are proposed and demonstrated in detail from the current distribution and physical structure sides. Finally, the proposed antenna is designed, fabricated, and measured. The measured results present that the proposed antenna has a wide bandwidth of 86% from 2.2 to 5.5 GHz with the VSWR less than 1.8, high polarization isolation of 25 dB, and stable radiation patterns over the desired frequencies of 2.3–5.2 GHz. It is worth mentioning that the proposed ideas can effectively aid in impedance bandwidth improvement without adding additional cost for sub-6G 5G applications.
Fully polarimetric multi-aspect 3D InISAR

This article proposes a fully polarimetric 3D InISAR algorithm. The use of radar polarimetry is proposed in this paper to increase the performance of the 3D InISAR algorithm. Polarimetry is used both to improve the scatterer extraction algorithm and to improve the estimation of the interferometric phases of the scatterers. The number of scatterers extracted depends on the spatial resolutions, the appearance of the target and the acquisition geometry. This number is typically low and results in an underpopulated 3D reconstruction that may not provide enough information to classify / recognize the target. Either polarimetry and multi-aspect 3D reconstruction are used to mitigate this issue. Results will be provided using either simulated data and the multi-aspect and fully polarimetric turntable dataset of the T72 tank, publicly available at SDMS-AFRL website.
X-Band Radar for Simultaneous Multiple Target Localization Based on Collimated Vortex Waves

Electromagnetic vortex waves (VW) generated by a uniform circular array (UCA) are tightly collimated by a paraboloidal reflector into a radiation cone with a small vertex angle and beam-width. This antenna system is used in a conceptual design of a medium range X-band high resolution radar sensor for localization of multiple targets simultaneously. Its features, including the performance with clutter and ground multipath, are comprehensively analyzed yielding novel results. The VW based algorithms for range and angular localizations of multiple targets are given. The effects of the tolerances of the UCA element excitations are estimated. Results for Monte Carlo simulations for localizations and detection performance are presented.
Spatially extended emission around the Cepheid RS Puppis in near-infrared hydrogen lines - Adaptive optics imaging with VLT/NACO

Context. It has been recently discovered that Cepheids harbor circumstellar envelopes (CSEs). RS Pup is the Cepheid that presents the most prominent circumstellar envelope known, the origin of which is not yet understood. Aims. Our purpose is to estimate the flux contribution of the CSE around RS Pup at the one arcsecond scale (∼2000 AU) and to investigate its geometry, especially regarding asymmetries, to constrain its physical properties. Methods. We obtained near-infrared images in two narrow band filters centered on λ = 1.644 and 2.180 μm (NB_1.64 and IB_2.18, respectively) that comprise two recombination lines of hydrogen: the 12–4 and 7–4 (Brackett γ) transitions, respectively. We used NACO’s cube mode observations in order to improve the angular resolution with the shift-and-add technique, and to qualitatively study the symmetry of the spatially extended emission from the CSE with a statistical study of the speckle noise. Results. We probably detect at a 2σ level an extended emission with a relative flux (compared with the star in the same filter) of 38 ± 17% in the NB_1. 64 filter and 24 ± 11% in the IB_2. 18 filter. This emission is centered on RS Pup and does not present any detectable asymmetry. We attribute the detected emission to the likely presence of an hydrogen envelope surrounding the star.
Factors Influencing Online Fast-Food Ordering Intension among Millennials and Generation Z–Evidence from Sri Lanka

The fast advancement of information and communication technology, and increased Internet penetration, have altered the nature of consumers’ everyday activities with a majority of offline activities switching to online activities. This is a common occurrence across the commercial sector, and the fast-food industry is no exception. Although this area of online fast-food ordering has been researched by many academics, fewer studies have been conducted in the Sri Lankan context. As a result, this study aims to bridge the knowledge gaps and make suitable recommendations for increasing the quality of online fast-food ordering. In this study convenience, website quality, quality of food, and social influence have all been identified as factors that impact online fast-food ordering, whilst consumer satisfaction serves as a mediating variable. Findings from 384 respondents aged 20 to 40 years old residing in the western province, Sri Lanka revealed that website quality is the most influential element while convenience has no influence on online fast-food ordering intentions. Customer satisfaction was also discovered to mediate the relationship between website quality, quality of food, and online fast-food ordering intention, as well as social influence and online fast-food ordering intention. Finally, premised on the discussions, recommendations have been made in the areas of promotion, food delivery, food quality, website design, and advertising.
Intensity Scintillation and Astronomical Quantum Observation

Holography is 3D imaging which can record intensity and phase at the same time. The importance of construct hologram is holographic recording and wavefront reconstruction. It is surprised that holography be discovered in study interstellar scintillation for pulsar provide a coherent light source recently. I think that is speckle hologram and speckle interference(i.e. intensity interference), and use modern technique which include phased array,CCD, digital signal processing and supercomputer can achieve that digital and computer holography from radio to X-ray astronomy. This means we can use it to image the universe and beyond the limited of telescope for cosmos provide much coherent light from pulsar,maser, black hole to 21cm recombination line. It gives a probe to the medium of near the black hole et al. From those coherent light sources in the sky, we can uncover one different universe that through astronomical quantum observation which use intensity interference.