Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Geleneksel Alışveriş Mekânlarına Bir Örnek: Bartın Kadınlar Pazarı (Galla Bazarı) / An Example of Traditional Shoppıng Site: Bartin Ladies’ Bazaar(Galla Bazaar)

Ozet: Bu calisma, insan-mekân iliskisi dogrultusunda Bartin Kadinlar Pazari'nin(Galla Bazari) alici, satici ve satilan mal iliskisi acisindan baslica ozelliklerini ve mekânsaldagilisini ele almaktadir.Bartin Merkez ilce'ye ait mahalle ya da koylerden getirdikleri gunluk taze urunleripazarladiktan sonra aksam evlerine donen koylu kadinlar kazandiklari paralarin birkismiyla evlerinin giyim, zucaciye, temizlik malzemeleri vb. ihtiyaclarini karsilayarakkoylerine donerler. Ote yandan Bartin sehrinde yasayan halkin cogunlugu alisveris icinKadinlar Pazari'ni tercih etmektedirler. Pazarda taze ve organik urunlerin bulunabilmesi,urun seceneginin fazla olmasi, pazarlik yaparak fiyat dusurme olanaginin bulunmasi,fiyatlarin manavlara ve marketlere gore uygun olmasi gibi nedenler pazari cekici kilmaktadir.Bu calismada Bartin Kadinlar Pazari'nin tarihsel gelisimi, sehrin ticaretindeki yeri,pazarcilarin ve tuketicilerin cesitli ozellikleri ele alinmis, pazarda gozlemlenen bazi sorunlaracozum onerileri getirilmeye calisilmistir.Anahtar Kelime: Kadinlar Pazari, ticaret, Bartin Abstract: This study deals with the basic aspects of spatial distribution of Bartin'sLadies Bazaar (Galla Bazaar) as a man-space relationship in terms of client, vendor andgoods relations.Women from different suburbs and villages of Bartin return home after selling dailyproducts they bring in the market and they meet the needs such as clothing, hardware andcleaning tools etc with money they make. On the other hand, most people that inhabitBartin prefer the "ladies' bazaar" for shopping. As it is easy to find fresh and organicfood and there is a variety of product, since it is common to bargain and the pricesare quite reasonable compared to the markets and greengrocer's. The bazaar is quite ofcommon interest.In this study, historical development of the Bartin's Ladies Bazaar and its role inthe city's trade and the diverse aspects of vendors and consumers are treated and someanswers to the questions observed are searched.Key Words: Ladies' Bazaar, trade, Bartin
Detecting prostate cancer metastases - PET/CT and the sentinel node technique

Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies. Its treatment is highly dependent on the presence or absence of metastases. The available invasive and non-invasive modalities for detecting metastases are imperfect. Positron-emission tomography fused with computed tomography (PET/CT) is a non-invasive method for detecting metastases that is presently evaluated for prostate cancer. Fluoride and choline are PET/CT tracers with different properties; fluoride detects bone metastases only, while choline may detect metastases in bone, lymph nodes, and other organs. Sentinel node (SN) detection is an invasive method that allows selective dissection of the lymph nodes most likely to contain metastases. The SN technique may increase the detection rate by identifying metastases also outside the template of a standard lymphadenectomy. The clinical implications of the combination of choline and fluoride PET/CT were prospectively evaluated in Study I. The findings of choline PET/CT were compared with extended pelvic lymph node dissection (ePLND) in Study II. The clinical implications of early choline PET/CT in patients with biochemical recurrence (BCR) after radical prostatectomy (RP) was evaluated in Study III. SN detection was prospectively evaluated and compared with ePLND in Study IV. The main results were: 1) A fifth of patients with high-risk prostate cancer and normal or inconclusive planar bone scan had extensive metastatic findings on the PET/CT exams, leading to change of management. The choline and fluoride scans did on their own indicate metastases in patients in which the other scan did not. 2) Choline PET/CT had a high specificity (0.98) but, depending on the cut-off value of tracer uptake, had a low sensitivity (0.21–0.46) for lymph node metastases. 3) Choline PET/CT indicated metastases in 28% of hormone-naive patients with BCR after RP and prostate-specific antigen of less than 2 ng/mL. 4) SN detection performed at least equal to ePLND in determining lymph node stage, with sensitivity 0.96. Conclusions: Choline and fluoride PET/CT and SN detection may be valuable diagnostic modalities for detecting metastases of prostate cancer.
Theory and Practice of Infrared Technology for Nondestructive Testing

Preface. Getting Started with Thermography for Nondestructive Testing. FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS. Introduction to Thermal Emission. Introduction to Heat Transfer. Infrared Sensors and Optic Fundamentals. Images. Automated Image Analysis. Materials. Experimental Concepts. ACTIVE THERMOGRAPHY. Active Thermography. Quantitative Data Analysis in Active Thermography. ACTIVE AND PASSIVE THERMOGRAPHY: CASE STUDIES. Applications. References and Bibliography. Appendix A: Computer Model. Appendix B: Smoothing Routing. Appendix C: Parabola Computations. Appendix D: Higher-Order Gradient Computations Based on the Roberts Gradient. Appendix E: Properties of Metals and Nonmetals. Appendix F: Matlab M-Scripts Available. Index.
A Method for Acoustic Emission Source Identification Based on Optimisation

When a metal or composite structure begins to fail, for example due to high cycle fatigue, acoustic emissions caused by the propagation of cracks give rise to bursts of ultrasonic waves travelling through the structure. The health of a structure can be monitored by means of sensors which detect these waves. Acoustic emissions are often generated in experiments by breaking a pencil lead against the surface of the structure in a standardised way but the forces that this imparts are not well understood at present. A Local Interaction Simulation Approach (LISA) algorithm has been implemented to simulate the propagation of ultrasonic waves. This code has been validated against experiments in previous work and has been shown to accurately reproduce the propagation of Lamb waves (including reflections and dispersion etc.) within thin-plate like structures. This paper deals with the use of the LISA code to characterise the forces associated with standard pencil lead breaks. The displacement due to waves emanating from a break is measured and a Differential Evolution (DE) optimisation scheme is used to find the optimal profile of forcing to match the simulation with experiment.
Uji Diagnostik Indeks Darah dan Identifikasi Molekuler Karier Talasemia β pada Pendonor Darah di Banyumas

Talasemia menempati kelainan genetik yang paling umum di seluruh dunia dengan prevalensi karier talasemia di Indonesia adalah sekitar 3-10%. Banyumas merupakan salah satu wilayah yang menyumbang angka prevalensi penderita talasemia yang cukup besar. Salah satu perangkat dalam program pencegahan terpadu adalah memastikan diagnosa molekuler pada tahap skrining sesuai dengan mutasi lokal. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui nilai uji diagnostik indeks darah dan karakterisitik mutasi talasemia β pada pendonor darah yang dicurigai karier talasemia. Subjek penelitian adalah 183 pendonor darah rutin pada PMI Banyumas. Skrining awal menggunakan indeks darah MCV, MCH, dan Hemoglobin elektroforesis. Karakteristik molekuler dilakukan dengan teknik PCR-RFLP dan teknik ARMS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa MCV memiliki nilai sensitivitas 81,3%, dan spesifisitas 95,8% sedangkan MCH menunjukkan sensitivitas sebesar 80% dengan spesifisitas 97,5%. Mutasi IVS-1 nt 5 (G>C) merupakan mutasi tersering disusul dengan HBE (codon 26) dan IVS1 nt 1(G>T). Kata Kunci: Identifikasi molekuler, indeks darah, karier talasemia
Classification trees prove useful in nondestructive testing of spot weld quality

Until recently, the principal technique used to test spot welds on assembly lines has been destructive testing. With industries becoming more cost competitive, manufacturers have looked for alternatives to destructive testing. One alternative that has enjoyed some success in recent years is ultrasonic testing. The disadvantage of ultrasonic testing in its current use is the complexity of the waveforms. Because the evaluation process is so complex and subjective, an experienced operator may require several minute to properly interpret a waveform, which is too slow for the assembly line. Automation of this process will speed up inspection operations and provide an accurate determination of spot weld quality. The problem of designing a classifier to classify weld types has been studied. Some features have been extracted from sample welds, and this information has been used to generate tree classifiers. Preliminary tests indicate that the classification trees approach to classification of spot welds may be a viable alternative to manual inspection for accurate and fast inspection of spot weld quality. Future work will include comparing these results with other classification methods.
Biomechanics of Rowing

A new control model for the study of biomechanical simulation of human movement was investigated using rowing as an example. The objectives were to explore biological and mechanical alternatives to optimal control methods. The simulation methods included simple control mechanisms based on proportional and derivative (PD) control, consideration of a simple neural model, introduction of an inverse dynamics system for feedback, and computational adjustment of control parameters by using an evaluative criterion and optimization method. By using simulation, appropriate rowing motions were synthesized. The generated rowing motion was periodic, continuous, and adaptable so that the pattern was stable against the mechanical force and independent of the initial condition. We believe that the simulation model is not only practical as a computational research tool from a biomechanical-engineering viewpoint but also significant from the point of view of fundamental biological theories of movement.
Utilidad y funcionamiento de las bases de datos NoSQL

Reflexiona sobre las bases de datos NoSQL, describiendolas y analizando el porque de su importancia y actualidad, ademas recopila y define algunas caracteristicas de este tipo de base de datos, para revisar las taxonomias mas importantes y analizar el uso conjunto de tecnologias NoSQL y relacionales, con el fin de proporcionar un punto de partida para los trabajos en esta area por parte de investigadores.
Surface-micromachining processes for electrostatic microactuator fabrication

Etch characteristics are discussed of three forms of hydrofluoric acid, used as the micromachining etchant for fabricating a rotary variable-capacitance micromotor structure from polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) thin films. Low-pressure chemically vapor deposited SiO/sub 2/ (LPCVD LTO) is used to form the sacrificial layers and LPCVD Si/sub 3/N/sub 4/ is used as an electrical isolation layer for the micromachined structure. 7:1, NH/sub 4/F:HF buffered HF (BHF), 48 wt. % concentrated hydrofluoric acid (LHF), and HF vapor in air (VHF) are evaluated at 20 degrees C for etch rate and selectivity, and attack of four types of LPCVD poly-Si films; POCl/sub 3/-doped or undoped, with or without 1150 degrees C annealing. Both BHF and VHF are found to damage POCl/sub 3/-doped poly-Si films, possibly by attack of grain boundaries. VHF is found to be effective for micromachining suspended structures since it avoids deformation of microstructures due to surface tension effects during drying after wet etching with LHF or BHF. <<ETX>>
Sustainability Attributes and Their Implementation in Energy Resources Utilization

Energy generation with fossil fuels produces emissions of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere and releases toxic chemicals into the environment. Greenhouse gases produce global warming which can cause climate change and costly human displacements. Toxic chemicals released into the environment produce health problems and damage the ecosystems. With fossil fuels providing today over 85% of energy needs and the Earth’s population projected to increase by several billion people and energy needs projected to double by the middle of this century, considerable pressure exists to develop sustainable energy supply services. This poses an enormous challenge to engineers, economists, and policy makers. The energy mix required to produce energy for humanity depends on the availability of energy resources, security of energy supply, climate change requirements, technological breakthroughs, financial conditions, and public acceptance. Population, standard of living, toxic and greenhouse gas emissions, thermodynamic limits imposed on biophysical processes, and economics and ethics of resource utilization produce some key sustainability indicators or attributes that need to be employed for guiding our path toward a sustainable energy future. Following a general discussion of indicators and frameworks of indicators, a small number of energy supply values or objectives are presented for the purpose of developing attributes that can measure the degree of accomplishment of these objectives. A systems approach is then employed to define indicators for generic energy supply services and a risk-based multi-criteria decision making procedure is presented for deciding which energy supply service option is most sustainable. The methodology can be applied locally, regionally, and globally, by both the energy services providers and energy policy makers. © 2011 ASME
Sport policy and practice: Why a focus on retention of children and young people as sport participants is required for both health and performance

Background: Australia like many developed countries is largely an inactive nation. Participation in sport, a form of leisure-time physical activity, can contribute to a range of individual and community health benefits. National sport policy often has a dual focus on population-based participation, and elite performance. Whist there are various sport models depicting the pathway to elite, there has been no strategic population-level sport participation pathway model developed as a guide towards increasing sport participation across the lifespan. The aim of this study is to explore sport participation across the lifespan and develop a neutral (conceptual) model that does not favour community or elite sport and that highlights the critical participation transition points including drop-out. Methods: We conducted a longitudinal analysis of sport participation records for 8 major sports from 2015-2017 for children and young people aged 4-29 years. Individual participation within sports was tracked from 2015 and subsequent years 2016 and 2017. Results: The total number of participants was 579,696. Only half 50.8% played continuously for the three years, 44.7% dropped out, and 4.5 played discontinuously. Drop-out was highest for those aged 4 (57.0%), and lowest for those aged 10-14 years (39.3%). From the retention and drop-out participation patterns across the lifespan, in conjunction with the published literature on sport policy and participation, we developed the Sport Participation Pathway Model (SPPM). The SPPM conceptually depicts current sport participation and in doing so emphasises the significant drop-out of sport across the lifespan. Conclusion: Sport policy should focus on retention strategies. Further, a population level, competitive club-based sport alone is not going to solve the physical inactivity epidemic. Our SPPM, and the new (retention related) data presented in this paper, demonstrates the population trends in participation in sport and the high drop-out of competitive club-based sport. We suggest that for people to eventually become active sport participants, the recruitment narrative could be changed towards, first, engaging people in leisure time physical activities. We feel that this can only be done by developing an integrated policy system across the physical activity-sport spectrum rather than looking at sport participation in a closed (club-based) system.
Auditory-based algorithms for sound segregation in multisource and reverberant environments

At a cocktail party, we can selectively attend to a single voice and filter out all the other acoustical interferences. This perceptual ability has motivated the emergence of a new field of study known as computational auditory scene analysis (CASA) which aims to build speech separation systems that incorporate principles of auditory organization. This dissertation investigates four aspects of CASA processing: location-based speech segregation in multisource environments, binaural tracking of multiple moving sources, binaural sound segregation in reverberant environments, and monaural segregation of reverberant speech. The principal cues used by the auditory system to determine locations are the interaural time difference (ITD) and interaural intensity difference (IID) between the two ears. We observe that within a narrow frequency band, modifications to the relative strength of the target source with respect to the interference trigger systematic changes for ITD and IID. Moreover, for a fixed spatial configuration, this interaction produces a characteristic clustering in the binaural feature space. Consequently, we propose a supervised learning approach to estimate the ideal binary mask using the estimated binaural features. A systematic evaluation in terms of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) as well as automatic speech recognition (ASR) scores shows that the resulting system produces masks very close to the ideal binary ones in anechoic conditions. Furthermore, the model produces large speech intelligibility improvements with normal listeners. While the above binaural systems perform optimally in anechoic conditions, reverberation affects the ITD and IID cues and therefore degrades their performance. For reverberant conditions, we propose a binaural segregation system that combines target cancellation through adaptive filtering and a binary decision rule to estimate the ideal binary mask. Specifically, we observe a correlation between the attenuation produced by the target cancellation stage and the relative strength between target and interference which is used subsequently to determine the target dominant T-F units. A major advantage of the proposed system is that, while requiring a fixed target location, it imposes no restrictions on the number, location or content of the interfering sources. An extensive comparison using SNR as well as ASR results shows that our system outperforms standard two-microphone beamforming approaches. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
Rotor cage fault diagnosis in three-phase induction motors by the total instantaneous power spectral analysis

This paper deals with the use of the total instantaneous power spectral analysis for diagnosing the occurrence of rotor cage faults in operating three-phase induction motors. The theoretical principles directly related to the application of this diagnostic technique are described, emphasizing the role of parameters such as the magnetizing current, motor-load inertia, motor rating and load level, in the diagnostic process. Both simulation and laboratory tests results demonstrate the effectiveness of the total instantaneous power spectral analysis for diagnosing the presence of rotor cage faults. The development of a severity factor, in order to evaluate the extension of the fault, is reported, and it is shown how this severity factor is almost independent of parameters such as the magnetizing current, motor rating and motor-load inertia.
Organising Self-Referential Taxi Work with mICT: The Case of the London Black Cab Drivers

London Black Cab Drivers have a rich and documented history of mobile work practices that are geographically distributed and driven by situated choices for everyday work. To date mobile studies researchers have not made a close examination of these mobile working practices, hence there is a gap in mobile studies concerning this type of worker. This dissertation aims to study the evolution of Black Cab drivers' work practices since the introduction of mobile Information and Communication Technology (mICT) in their everyday work. The theoretical framework for the research is based on studies of taxi drivers' work practices, mobility research, computer supported co-operative work and organisational change promoted by IS interventions. The ontology of this research pinpoints the factors influencing the situated and idiosyncratic choice associated with the use of mICTs when carrying out planned and unplanned work. The case study references a 420-year history of "old", established work practices as a comparison framework. When compared with the "new" and situated choice of mICT-supported work, it becomes apparent that there has been a change in the dynamics of how this type of work is actually completed. Embedding and mixing elements of self-referenced work - as discretionary and independent - with working practices in which mutual interdependencies are supported by the use of mICT aids seems to provide the case for a re-negotiation of the working practices model as well as its associated organisational forms, together with a social shift in the definition of the role and skills required to perform this type of mobile work. The empirical data have been sourced from one-to-one interviews and video recordings using a combination of ethnographic methods and interpretative approaches for the data analysis. This dissertation makes a theoretical and practical contribution to mobile studies by understanding the changing of working practices; it further offers methodological insights for studying mICT-supported work. Finally, it provides a formative evaluation of the new organisational forms emerging as mICT has been introduced to everyday Black Cab work.
Older women's reduced contact with food in the CAFE Study: choices, adaptations and dynamism

Many older women reduce the amount of cooking and food preparation they do in later life. While cooking may be seen as traditionally associated with women's family roles, little is known about the impact of such reduced engagement with food on their lives. This paper presents the findings from a one-year qualitative study (Changes Around Food Experience, CAFE) of the impact of reduced contact with preparing and cooking meals from scratch for 40 women, aged 65–95 years, living in Norfolk, United Kingdom. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, focus groups and observations. Women's reasons for reducing food-related activities included changes in health, loss of a partner or a caring role, and new patterns of socialising. Disengagement from cooking and shopping was not found to entail predominantly negative feelings, passive acceptance or searching for forms of support to re-enable more cooking from scratch. Accounts evidenced the dynamic adaptability of older women in actively managing changed relationships with food. In exploring new meal options, older women were not simply disengaging from their environments. CAFE findings linked women's engagement with their environments to how they were using formal services and, even more, to the value they placed on social engagement and being out and about. Through the connections they fostered with friends, family and community, older women actively enabled their continued involvement in their social, public and family spheres. Reduced contact with preparing and cooking meals from scratch, therefore, did not induce or imply passivity or debility in the CAFE cohort. By contrast, it involved their exploring new means of retaining what was important to them about food in the context of their lived situation and social connections with friends, family, the community and public spheres.