Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Estimated relative vocal tract lengths from vowel spectra based on fundamental frequency adaptive analyses and their relations to relevant physical data of speakers

A Japanese vowel database of males, females and children speakers (385 speakers in total) along with relevant physical data (Deguchi et.al. 2011) was analysed using a set of F0 adaptive procedures, which were developed for a speech analysis, modification and synthesis framework TANDEM-STRAIGHT (Kawahara et.al. 2008) and its extensions. By restricting spectral region in estimating ratios for VTLN (vocal tract length normalization), cepstrally weighted distance measure yielded estimates with 2% standard error, by assuming relative vocal tract lengths estimated using regression analysis as the ground truth. A set of regression analyses of the estimated relative vocal tract lengths, average F0s, ages, gender and physical data (speakers' height, weight) were conducted. The results suggest that the proposed analysis procedures applied to the Japanese five vowels may provide sufficient information for estimating speakers' physical data. Possible applications of the proposed estimation procedures will also be dis.
Evaluation of interferometric patterns of supersonic fluid flows by the differential Fourier transform method

The knowledge of the flow structure of fluids is essential in many industrial sectors as it determines the quality and success of processes like welding, cutting or material treatment. The employed fluid flow plays a fundamental role and in all cases to understand the complex pressure and shock waves patterns becomes necessary. The only way to absolutely ensure that the theoretical behavior predicted by numerical simulations fits with the real gas flow behavior is the experimental check. For such application, the optical techniques are very well suited resources due to their non invasive features. Schlieren, shadowgraph and interferometry are the typical techniques used for the study of the mass flow in fluids. In this work, we present the qualitative results obtained from a conventional interferometric technique combined with a new numerical approach used for analyzing the inner structure of supersonic flows provided by nozzles with Laval profile used in industrial oxy-fuel cutting processes. The extraction of the optical phase from the fringe patterns is performed through a Differential Fourier Transform Evaluation. We show that with further numerical processing we can obtain a complete qualitative description of the flow field including the first and second optical phase derivatives (Gradient and Lapacian phase maps).
Filaments magnétiques : application à la conception de capteurs de forces et de nageurs microscopiques artificiels

Ce memoire contient deux parties consacrees a deux applications des chaines de particules magnetiques. Le premier chapitre decrit la conception d'un capteur de forces intercolloidales. Nous presentons differentes experiences permettant de caracteriser les particules utilisees. Nous decrivons ensuite la realisation du montage experimental et le traitement des donnees. Enfin, nous comparons cette technique aux autres techniques. Le second chapitre decrit la conception et la realisation de nageurs a l'echelle microscopique. Nous fabriquons des filaments magnetiques flexibles en alignant des particules sous l'effet d'un champ magnetique. Les particules adjacentes sont reliees par des agents pontants. Nous avons etudie le comportement de ces filaments sous champ. Sous l'effet d'un champ magnetique oscillant, le filament se deforme : une onde se propage alors le long du filament, ce qui engendre une force propulsive, dont nous demontrons l'effet sur un nageur spermatomorphe. Enfin, nous verifions des predictions theoriques anterieures.
Counterroating incommensurate magnetic order and strong quantum fluctuations in the honeycomb layers of $\rm NaNi_2BiO_6$

A. Scheie,1 K. Ross,2, 3 E. Seibel,4 J. A. Rodriguez-Rivera,5, 6 J. A. Tang,7 Yi Li,1 R. J. Cava,4 and C. Broholm1, 5, 8 Institute for Quantum Matter and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218 Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 Quantum Materials Program, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR), Toronto, Ontario M5G 1Z8, Canada Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544 NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 Department of Materials Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218 (Dated: July 10, 2018)
Fast MHD oscillations of a 3-dimensional prominence fibril

High-resolution observations of quiescent filaments point out that their fine structure is made of small-scale threads or fibrils. These fibrils can be represented as thin loops having cool tops, i.e. the prominence material, while the rest of the loop displays coronal temperatures. Then, the stacking of these thin loops in the vertical and horizontal directions gives place to the fine structure of filaments. On the other hand, two-dimensional, high-resolution observations of oscillations in filaments suggest that individual fibrils or groups of fibrils may oscillate independently with their own periods (Yi et al. 1991). D´ iaz et al. (2001, hereafter Paper I) studied the fast magnetohydrodynamic oscillations of a single and isolated slab prominence fibril using a two- dimensional model with no dependence in they-direction. Here, we introduce a completely dierent approach which allows us to build up a 3-dimensional model for the fast magnetohydrodynamic oscillations of the fibril configuration used in Paper I. As compared to the results obtained in Paper I, two relevant new features appear; first of all, the cut-o frequency varies with the longitudinal wavenumber, so more modes can be trapped within the fibril; secondly, a much better confinement of the energy of the modes within the fibril appears, diminishing the leakage of energy towards neighbouring fibrils and so di culting their mutual excitation.
Choice of a range‐energy relationship for the analysis of electron‐beam‐induced‐current line scans

The electron range in a material is an important parameter in the analysis of electron‐beam‐induced‐current (EBIC) line scans. Both the Kanaya–Okayama (KO) and Everhart–Hoff (EH) range‐energy relationships have been widely used by investigators for this purpose. Although the KO range is significantly larger than the EH range, no study has been done to examine the effect of choosing one range over the other on the values of the surface recombination velocity sT and minority‐carrier diffusion length L evaluated from EBIC line scans. Such a study has been carried out, focusing on two major questions: (1) When the KO range is used in different reported methods to evaluate either or both sT and L from EBIC line scans, how different are their values thus determined in comparison to those using the EH range? ; (2) from EBIC line scans of a given material, is there a way to discriminate between the KO and the EH ranges which should be used to analyze these scans? Answers to these questions are presented to assist .
On the observed diversity of star formation efficiencies in Giant Molecular Clouds

Observations find a median star formation efficiency per free-fall time in Milky Way Giant Molecular Clouds (GMCs) of the order of ϵff∼1 per cent with dispersions of ∼0.5dex⁠. The origin of this scatter in ϵff is still debated and difficult to reproduce with analytical models. We track the formation, evolution and destruction of GMCs in a hydrodynamical simulation of a Milky Way-like galaxy and by deriving cloud properties in an observationally motivated way, we measure the distribution of star formation efficiencies which are in excellent agreement with observations. We find no significant link between ϵff and any measured global property of GMCs (e.g. gas mass, velocity dispersion). Instead, a wide range of efficiencies exist in the entire parameter space. From the cloud evolutionary tracks, we find that each cloud follows a unique evolutionary path which gives rise to a wide diversity in all properties. We argue that it is this diversity in cloud properties, above everything else, that results in the dispersion of ϵff. (Less)
Digital Operation Management based on Value Co-creation: A Case study of ShangPinZhaiPei

: With the prosperity of digital technologies such as cloud computing and intelligent devices, the construction and optimization of digital-driven operation management system has become the key to the success of "personalized customization+mass production" mode. Taking ShangPinZhaiPei as the research case, this paper deeply analyzes its digital operation management system from the perspective of value co-creation. It is concluded that product design and pricing, digital processing and production and supply chain management are the core modules and key links of its digital operation management system. Among them, the product design and pricing system achieves the front-end value co-creation between designers and customers, and between customers and customers by attracting customers to participate in the product design. Digital processing and production system realizes the co-creation of sales design and back-end value of production and processing through intelligent transformation of production equipment and information transferring; The supply chain management system organically combines all links of production and operation by using the integrated information integration capability, so as to realize the overall value co-creation.
Interfacial Interactions of Uranium and HDPE in agricultural soil and their bioacummulation in Mentha arvensis

We investigated the adsorption, precipitation, and phytoavailability of uranium after reactions with soil, high-density polyethylene particles, and Mentha arvensis through the integration of batch experiments, plant exposure, microscopy, and spectroscopy. Soluble U (initially 100 μM) decreased by 98.6% (1.09 μM) at pH 5 and 86.2% (13.81 μM) at pH 7.5 after 0.1 h of reaction with 10 g of soil in solution. Heterogenous U precipitates were observed in weathered HDPE surfaces for experiments without soil at both pH conditions. This suggests the weathering of the microplastic surfaces enhanced the nucleation of the U precipitates. Plants exposed to both U and HDPE exhibited photosynthetic rates 76.3% lower and transpiration rates 86.6% lower than plants not exposed, possibly due to negative synergetic interactions of U and HDPE. These results give insight into the surface-controlled reactions of soluble U with microplastics, soils and plants which is relevant to environments in which those co-occur.
Characterization of all-chromium tunnel junctions and single-electron tunneling devices fabricated by direct-writing multilayer technique

We report about the fabrication and analysis of the properties of Cr/CrOx/Cr tunnel junctions and single-electron tunneling transistors, prepared by different variants of direct-writing multilayer technique. In all cases, the chromium oxide tunnel barriers were formed in air under ambient conditions. From the experiments on single junctions, values for the effective barrier height and thickness were derived. For the all-chromium single-electron tunneling transistors, we achieved minimal junction areas of 17×60 nm2 using a scanning transmission electron microscope for the e-beam exposure on Si3N4 membrane substrate. We discuss the electrical performance of the transistor samples as well as their noise behavior.
Structured Population Models in Plant Ecology

1 Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico. 2 Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico. 3 School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, United Kingdom. *Author for correspondence: afloresm@ipn.mx Botanical Sciences 100 (Special Issue): S110-S136. 2022 DOI: 10.17129/botsci.3105 Received: February 2, 2021, Accepted: July 2, 2022 On line first: August 24, 2022
Dam-break induced sediment movement: Experimental approaches and numerical modelling

The present paper aims to present the issues and the scope of work conducted under the framework of the European Research Project IMPACT, in the field of dam-break induced geomorphic flows, at the Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium. Two characteristic behaviours are described: the near- and far-field responses to the dam-break wave. This paper gives an overview of the experimental work carried out in the frame of the research programme: flat- and stepped-bed cases for the near-field, bank erosion experiment for the far-field. New developments in modelling are summarized as well for the near-field and for the far-field. The validation by comparison with experimental results highlights that a two-layer model is very efficient in modelling near-field features, while an appropriate modelling of bank failure and sediment re-distribution in the cross section is the key of far-field simulation. Some practical conclusions are given for the future of dam-break wave modelling in terms of needs for additional research.
Constraints on the chaotic inflationary scenario with a nonminimally coupled ``inflaton'' field from the cosmic microwave background radiation anisotropy

We investigate a possibility to restrict the chaotic inflationary scenario with "large" nonminimally coupled inflaton("phi") field considered by Fakir and Unruh by means of the observed CMBR anisotropy. We calculate the contributions of the long wavelength gravitational waves generated in the inflationary period to CMBR anisotropy quadrupole moment. We obtain the constraint lambda/(xi^2) = 1.8 X 10^(-8)/psi_i, where "lambda" is the self coupling, "xi" is the nonminimal coupling constant and "psi_i" means the initial value of psi = 8piG(phi^2). Combining this with previously obtained constraint that 2.1 times squre root of lambda/(xi^2) = dT/T = 1.1 X 10^(-5), we conclude that the initial value has to be psi_i = 1.6 X 10^3. If the self-coupling has a reasonably values of order 10^(-2), then xi = 10^4 and phi_i = 10^(-1) times Planck mass.
$\mathcal{N}=1$ Supersymmetric $SU(3)$ Gauge Theory - Pure Gauge sector with a twist

Supersymmetric gauge theories are an essential part of most theories beyond the standard model. In the present work we investigate the pure gauge sector of Super-QCD focusing on the bound states, i.e. mesonic gluinoballs, gluino-glueballs and pure glueballs. To improve chiral properties and to minimize breaking of supersymmetry at finite lattice spacing, we introduce a deformed Super-Yang-Mills lattice action. It contains a twist term, similar to the twisted-mass formulation of lattice QCD. We furthermore explore if the multigrid method (DD$\alpha$AMG solver) applied to the gluinos (adjoint Majorana fermions) achieves similar improvements as in QCD.
The evolution of giant molecular filaments

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in studying giant molecular filaments (GMFs), which are extremely elongated (>100 pc in length) giant molecular clouds (GMCs). They are often seen as inter-arm features in external spiral galaxies, but have been tentatively associated with spiral arms when viewed in the Milky Way. In this paper, we study the time evolution of GMFs in a high-resolution section of a spiral galaxy simulation, and their link with spiral arm GMCs and star formation, over a period of 11 Myr. The GMFs generally survive the inter-arm passage, although they are subject to a number of processes (e.g. star formation, stellar feedback and differential rotation) that can break the giant filamentary structure into smaller sections. The GMFs are not gravitationally bound clouds as a whole, but are, to some extent, confined by external pressure. Once they reach the spiral arms, the GMFs tend to evolve into more substructured spiral arm GMCs, suggesting that GMFs may be precursors to arm GMCs. Here, they become incorporated into the more complex and almost continuum molecular medium that makes up the gaseous spiral arm. Instead of retaining a clear filamentary shape, their shapes are distorted both by their climbing up the spiral potential and their interaction with the gas within the spiral arm. The GMFs do tend to become aligned with the spiral arms just before they enter them (when they reach the minimum of the spiral potential), which could account for the observations of GMFs in the Milky Way.
On the completeness of a certain metric space with an application to Blaschke’s selection theorem

2. Preliminaries. Let K be a metric space with elements x, y, • • • and distance function d(x, y). A sequence xi, x2, • • • in K such that ^2T^(Xiy Xi+i) converges has been called an absolutely convergent sequence by MacNeille [7, p. 192]. Every absolutely convergent sequence is a Cauchy sequence, and every Cauchy sequence contains absolutely convergent subsequences. Let i£* be a metric space whose elements X, F, • • • are the closed, bounded, and non-null subsets of K, and whose distance function D(X, Y) is the Hausdorff distance between the sets X and Y (see Hausdorff [5, pp. 145-146] and Kuratowski [6, pp. 89-90]).
Monoclinic phase of PbZr 0.52 Ti 0.48 O 3 ceramics: Raman and phenomenological thermodynamic studies

This work reports Raman detection of the tetragonal $\ensuremath{\rightarrow}$ monoclinic phase transition in ${\mathrm{PbZr}}_{0.52}{\mathrm{Ti}}_{0.48}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ ceramics near the morphotropic phase boundary at low temperatures. The transition is characterized by changes in the frequency of lattice modes with temperature. The results presented here confirm the previous one recently reported by Noheda et al. [Appl. Phys. Lett. $74,$ 2059 (1999)] using high-resolution synchrotron x-ray powder diffraction technique and dielectric measurements. The stability of the new phase is discussed within the framework of phenomenological Landau-Devonshire theory.
Phase diagram of the hexagonal lattice quantum dimer model

We discuss the phase diagram of the quantum dimer model on the hexagonal (honeycomb) lattice. In addition to the columnar and staggered valence-bond solids which have been discussed in previous work, we establish the existence of a plaquette valence-bond solid. The transition between the plaquette and columnar phases at v/t=-0.2{+-}0.05 is argued to be first order. We note that this model should describe valence-bond-dominated phases of frustrated Heisenberg models on the hexagonal lattice and discuss its relation to recent exact diagonalization work by Fouet on the J{sub 1}-J{sub 2} model on the same lattice. Our results also shed light on the properties of the transverse field Ising antiferromagnet on the triangular lattice and the classical Ising antiferromagnet on the stacked triangular lattice, which are related to dimer models by duality.
General Model for Light Curves of Chromospherically Active Binary Stars

The starspots on the surface of many chromospherically active binary stars concentrate on long-lived active longitudes separated by 180°. Shifts in activity between these two longitudes, the “flip-flop” events, have been observed in single stars like FK Comae and binary stars like σ Geminorum. Recently, interferometry has revealed that ellipticity may at least partly explain the flip-flop events in σ Geminorum. This idea was supported by the double-peaked shape of the long-term mean light curve of this star. Here we show that the long-term mean light curves of 14 chromospherically active binaries follow a general model that explains the connection between orbital motion, changes in starspot distribution, ellipticity, and flip-flop events. Surface differential rotation is probably weak in these stars, because the interference of two constant period waves may explain the observed light curve changes. These two constant periods are the active longitude period and the orbital period . We also show how to apply the same model to single stars, where only the value of Pact is known. Finally, we present a tentative interference hypothesis about the origin of magnetic fields in all spectral types of stars.
Two-dimensional spinodal interface in one-step grown graphene-molybdenum carbide heterostructures

Heterostructures made by stacking different materials on top of each other are expected to exhibit unusual properties and new phenomena. Interface of the heterostructures plays a vital role in determining their properties. Here, we report the observation of a two-dimensional (2D) spinodal interface in graphene-molybdenum carbide ({\alpha}-Mo2C) heterostructures, which arises from spinodal decomposition occurring at the heterointerface, by using scanning tunneling microscopy. Our experiment demonstrates that the 2D spinodal interface modulates graphene into whispering gallery resonant networks filled with quasi-bound states of massless Dirac fermions. Moreover, below the superconducting transition temperature of the underlying {\alpha}-Mo2C, the 2D spinodal interface behaves as disorders, resulting in the breakdown of the proximity-induced superconductivity in graphene. Our result sheds new light on tuning properties of heterostructures based on interface engineering.
Gas and multispecies dust dynamics in viscous protoplanetary discs: the importance of the dust back-reaction

We study the dynamics of a viscous protoplanetary disc hosting a population of dust grains with a range of sizes. We compute steady-state solutions, and show that the radial motion of both the gas and the dust can deviate substantially from those for a single-size dust population. Although the aerodynamic drag from the dust on the gas is weaker than in the case where all grains are optimally coupled to the gas, the cumulative "back-reaction" of the dust particles can still alter the gas dynamics significantly. In typical protoplanetary discs, the net effect of the dust back-reaction decreases the gas accretion flow compared to the dust-free (viscous) case, even for dust-to-gas ratios of order $1\%$. In the outer disc, where dust grains are typically less strongly coupled to the gas and settle towards the midplane, the dust back-reaction can even drive outward gas flow. Moreover, the radial inward drift of large grains is reduced below the gas motion in the inner disc regions, while small dust grains follow the gas dynamics over all the disc extent. The resulting dust and gas dynamics can give rise to observable structures, such as gas and dust cavities. Our results show that the dust back-reaction can play a major role in both the dynamics and observational appearance of protoplanetary discs, and cannot be ignored in models of protoplanetary disc evolution.
Steady-State Motion of Magnetic Domains

This paper introduces two integrals which simplify calculation of the dynamic properties of magnetic domains. These integrals, over quadratic functions of the spatial derivatives of the magnetization, yield forces acting on a domain which correspond to the gyroscopic and dissipative terms in the Gilbert equation. The force integral corresponging to the gyroscopic term is found to be even less sensitive to the details of the spin distribution than the dissipative drag integral. Hard magnetic bubble domains are considered as an illustrative example.