Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Response of elastoviscoplastic materials to large amplitude oscillatory shear flow in the parallel-plate and cylindrical-Couette geometries

Most investigations of large amplitude oscillatory shear (LAOS) rheometry to date have presumed uniform shear. The study of structured materials would especially benefit from LAOS rheometry but require the use of the larger gaps and roughened surfaces in parallel-plate and cylindrical-Couette geometries. However, in these geometries, the shear profiles are not homogeneous throughout the deformation field. For elastoviscoplastic materials undergoing LAOS in these geometries, both elastic and viscoplastic deformations may occur simultaneously, complicating the data analysis. By means of model simulations, we provide a comprehensive picture of a model elastoviscoplastic material undergoing oscillatory shear deformation in the parallel-plate and cylindrical-Couette geometries, and we compare the oscillatory signals to those obtained from a uniform-shear field. Both displacement-controlled and torque-controlled oscillatory flows were simulated. We show that using popular linear formulas for mapping displacemen.
Effects of delayed speech feedback

Delayed speech feedback may act as a governor of the average speed of speech operating on the phoneme unit. Certain aurally monitored manual tasks resemble the speech mechanism. The trigger‐like nature of aurally monitored voice on the more rapid articulation element is described. A speech mechanism model is portrayed which satisfies phenomena of natural speech, artificial stutter, and motor aphasias.
X-ray observations of distant Abell clusters

We present results from a ROSAT HRI study of 11 distant (z ∼ 0.2–0.3) Abell clusters. We have performed a morphological analysis to search for and quantify substructure in the clusters. About 70 per cent of the sample shows significant evidence of substructure in the form of centroid shift or obvious X-ray clumps. We examine the clusters for the presence of cooling flows, and determine the physical properties of the ICM by deprojecting the HRI data. Nine of the clusters have central cooling times less than the age of the system, in agreement with fractions determined from nearby, X-ray-bright samples. Additional PSPC results are presented for four clusters in the sample, and ASCA results for six clusters. The temperatures and metallicities for these distant clusters appear to be consistent with nearby clusters of similar richness.
WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY AND EMPLOYEES’ ENGAGEMENT: A MANAGERIAL INSIGHT

1 Lecturer, Faculty of Islamic and Economic Bussiness, Institute of State Islamic Religion of Palopo, Indonesia. Email: burhan_rifuddin@iainpalopo.ac. id 2 Lecturer, Faculty of Islamic and Economic Bussiness, Institute of State Islamic Religion of Palopo, Indonesia. Email: jibria_ratnayasir@iainpalopo.ac. id 3 Lecturer, Faculty of Islamic and Economic Bussiness, Institute of State Islamic Religion of Palopo, Indonesia. Email: muh_shadri@iainpalopo.ac. id 4 Lecturer, Faculty of Islamic and Economic Bussiness, Institute of State Islamic Religion of Palopo, Indonesia. Email: fasiha@iainpalopo.ac. id
The Effect of Using ''Question –Based Discussion'' Technique on University Students' Achievement in English Novel

Teacher's questions are the chief verbal tool for shaping and modeling interaction in the classroom as well as the primary source of data for evaluating the substantive knowledge and intellectual skill of his/her students. The present study, therefore, aims at: Investigating the effect of using question based discussion technique in teaching English novel on students’ achievement. Finding out whether there are any significant differences in using question- based discussion technique at recognition and production level. Finding out whether there are any significant differences in using QBD technique between male and female. Three null hypotheses have been stated as follows: 1: There is no statistically significant difference between the meanscores of the experimental group and those of the control group in thenovel achievement posttest. 2: There is no statistically significant difference between the meanscores and the theoretical mean of students' recognition and production level. 3: There is no statistically significant difference between the meanscores of male students and those of female students in the novel achievement posttest. The sample of the study consists of 60 college students in the Department of English at the College of Education/, University of Kirkuk for the academic year 2016-2017. The two groups were randomly chosen one of these two groups was assigned as an experimental group (EG) which was taught novel by using Question Based- discussion strategy, and the other as a control group (CG) which was taught novel by using traditional method. The achievement test was carried out by the researcher to measure the students' progress in the dependent variables of the study. The statistical analysis of the results reveals that there is a statistically significant difference between the mean achievement scores of the EG and those of the CG in the novel achievement posttest. The research ended up with a number of recommendations. Furthermore, some suggestions for further studies.
Interactive effects of nutrients and temperature on herbivorous predation in a coastal plankton community

Marine microbial communities in coastal environments are subject to both seasonal fluctuations and anthropogenic alterations of environmental conditions. The separate influences of temperature and resource‐dependency on phytoplankton growth, community, and ecosystem metabolism are relatively well understood. However, winners and losers in the ocean are determined based on the interplay among often rapidly changing biological, chemical and physical drivers. The direct, indirect, and interactive effects of these conditions on planktonic food web structure and function are poorly constrained. Here, we investigated how simultaneous manipulation of temperature and nutrient availability affects trophic transfer from phytoplankton to herbivorous protists, and their resulting implications at the ecosystem level. Temperature directly affected herbivorous protist composition; ciliates dominated (66%) in colder treatment and dinoflagellates (60%) at warmer temperatures. Throughout the experiments, grazing rates were < 0.1 d−1, with higher rates at subzero temperatures. Overall, the nutrient–temperature interplay affected trophic transfer rates antagonistically when nutrients were amended, and synergistically, when nutrients were not added. This interaction resulted in higher percentages of primary production consumed under nutrient unamended compared to nutrient amended conditions. At the ecosystem level, these changes may determine the fate of primary production, with most of the production likely exported out of the pelagic zone in high‐temperature and nutrient conditions, while high‐temperature and low‐nutrient availability strengthened food web coupling and enhanced trophic transfer. These results imply that in warming oceans, management of coastal nutrient loading will be a critical determinant of the degree of primary production removal by microzooplankton and dependent ecosystem production.
Continuum radiation from electron-dust-chain collisions in dusty plasmas

The bremsstrahlung emission due to collisions of nonrelativistic electrons with chains of strongly coupled dust grains in a plasma is investigated in dusty plasmas. The dust chain is considered as the one-dimensional model for strongly coupled dusty plasmas. The Born approximation is assumed for the initial and final states of the projectile electron and coherent effects are considered. The result shows that the radiation cross section is greater for smaller dust spacing for soft photon regions. This work shows a possibility of the low energy continuum radiation due to the electron-dust-chain collisions in dusty plasmas.
Impacts of Idealized Air–Sea Coupling on Madden–Julian Oscillation Structure in the Superparameterized CAM

AbstractAir–sea interactions and their impact on intraseasonal convective organization are investigated by comparing two 5-yr simulations from the superparameterized Community Atmosphere Model version 3.0 (SP-CAM). The first is forced using prescribed sea surface temperatures (SSTs). The second is identical except that a simplified oceanic mixed-layer model is used to predict tropical SST anomalies that are coupled to the atmosphere. This partially coupled simulation allows SSTs to respond to anomalous surface fluxes.Implementation of the idealized slab ocean model in the SP-CAM results in significant changes to intraseasonal convective variability and organization. The more realistic treatment of air–sea interactions in the coupled simulation improves many aspects of tropical convection on intraseasonal scales, from the relationships between precipitation and SSTs to the space–time structure and propagation of the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO). This improvement is associated with a more realistic conve.
Suprathermal electron isotropy in high‐beta solar wind and its role in heat flux dropouts

Time variations in plasma beta and a parameter which measures isotropy in suprathermal electron pitch angle distributions show a remarkably close correspondence throughout the solar wind. The finding implies that high‐beta plasma, with its multiple magnetic holes and sharp field and plasma gradients, is conducive to electron pitch‐angle scattering, which reduces heat flux from the Sun without field‐line disconnection. Thus the finding impacts our understanding of signatures we use to determine magnetic topology in the heliosphere.
Possible Neuropathic Pain in Clinical Practice—Review on Selected Diagnostic Tools and Its Further Challenges

Background: Neuropathic pain (NeP) is a wide group of conditions provoked by many different causes and with different patterns. The creation of a grading system was intended to determine the level of certainty that the pain is of neuropathic nature. Methods: The aim of this review is to update previously published data on some NeP questionnaires and their measurement properties. The selection of articles is based on the basic neurological units. To assess the usefulness and credibility of the questionnaires, the authors searched for a commonly used measure of reliability, as well as sensitivity and specificity. Results: Studies regarding the usefulness and credibility of questionnaires used in NeP were realized. Different patient cohorts, etiologies and sample sizes, do not allow for an unambiguous comparison of the presented scales; however, all of these studies found good measures of reliability, specificity and sensitivity. Conclusions: NeP tools seem to be beneficial screening instruments that should be utilized by specialists and general practitioners to improve the recognition of “possible” NeP and to determine the epidemiology of this disorder. They have been developed to distinguish perceived pain into neuropathic and non-neuropathic, and, therefore, patients with a mixed pain can still present a diagnostic challenge. Clinical examination and interview play an essential role in the diagnostic process and monitoring, and cannot be neglected.
Multitask Offloading Strategy for Edge Computing in Time-Sensitive Networking

Edge computing is a creative computing paradigm that enhances the computing capacity of the edge device close to the data source. As the key technology of edge computing, task offloading, which can improve the response speed and the stability of the network system, has attracted much attention and has been applied in many network scenarios. However, few studies have considered the application of task offloading in time-sensitive networking (TSN), which is a promising technology that has the potential to guarantee data delivery with bounded latency and low jitter. To this end, we establish a task offloading stream transmission model for TSN based on the queueing theory. With the model, the average response time can be achieved by quantitative calculation. Then, we introduce the backward method to construct a utility function and formulate an exact potential game to model the task offloading competition among edge devices considering the minimization of the average response time of all tasks. Furthermore, a distributed and sequential decision-making algorithm for multitask offloading (DSDA-MO) is proposed to find the Nash equilibrium. Through numerical studies, we evaluate the algorithm performance as well as the benefit of the multitask offloading mechanism. The results reveal that through the proposed game theoretic approach, we can obtain the optimal multitask offloading strategy, which can significantly reduce the task computation delay in TSN, within a finite number of rounds of calculation.
On Graphical Procedures for Multiple Comparisons

Abstract In a graphical procedure for comparing k treatment means in a one-way ANOVA, one displays uncertainty intervals around the sample means and judges any pair to be significantly different if and only if their uncertainty intervals do not overlap. A graphical procedure is a Multiple Comparison Procedure (MCP) if and only if it controls the experimentwise error rate. In this paper we consider some new graphical MCP's for the unbalanced one-way ANOVA design. These procedures are based on different approximations to the Tukey-Kramer (TK) procedure (e.g., Kramer 1956). As such, they constitute alternatives to Gabriel (1978) (and its modification by Andrews, Snee, and Sarner 1980), which is based on approximating a less efficient MCP (the GT2 of Hochberg 1974). Two of the four procedures considered here are based on best and simple upper bounds to all the confidence-interval lengths of the TK method and hence must be conservative. The other two procedures are based on approximations (here too we have the.
Forefoot width correction in patients with hallux valgus after rotational scarf osteotomy

Objective: Our objective was to compare foot width (bony and soft tissues) in radiological images pre- vs. post-corrective scarf osteotomy in patients with hallux valgus. Methods: We retrospectively performed measurements of forefoot width (both bony diameter and total diameter including soft tissues) on anterior posterior standard radiographs of 30 patients, totaling 42 feet, pre- and postoperatively, at three months. These measurements were performed by two evaluators and their reliability was calculated. Results: Radiologically, preoperative mean of the 1-5 metatarsal bony width was 89.30mm (SD ± 5.8), reduced to 80.42mm postoperatively (SD ± 3.5; p<0.001). Regarding the soft tissue width, preoperative mean was 102.45mm (SD ± 6.4) and postoperative, 98.3mm (SD ± 5.1; p<0.001). The interclass correlation coefficient between both observers was excellent in most measurements (range, 0.884-0.973). Conclusion: We report an objective reduction in forefoot width, in both bony and soft tissue diameter, finding means of 8.88 mm (10%) and 4.12mm (4.1%), respectively, after scarf-Akin osteotomy. Level of Evidence IV; Case Series.
Salicylic Acid Improves the Constitutive Freezing Tolerance of Potato as Revealed by Transcriptomics and Metabolomics Analyses

Freezing severely impacts potato production. Deciphering the pathways and metabolites that regulate the freezing tolerance of potato is useful in cultivation and breeding for hardiness. In the present study, Solanum acaule was identified to be more freezing tolerant than S. tuberosum. Furthermore, the two genotypes before/after exposure to 4 °C for 7 d with additional −1 °C for 12 h were analysed by RNA-seq and metabolomics, and the results were compared with the previous −1 °C for 12 h. The results showed that S. acaule activated numerous genes that differed from those of S. tuberosum. Among the genes, five pathways, such as the hormone signalling pathway, which includes salicylic acid, were enriched. Further metabolomics analysis showed that the content of salicylic acid was improved in S. acaule in response to −1 °C for 12 h. Moreover, exogenous application of 0.1 mM salicylic acid to potato was shown to improve constitutive freezing tolerance and increase the expression of HSFC1. Following transcriptome and metabolome analyses, it was documented that the content of SA that increased in freezing-tolerant S. acaule after exposure to cold condition, associated with the SA signalling pathway, enhanced potato freezing tolerance, probably through HSFC1.
The Luminosity Function of White Dwarfs

Trigonometric parallaxes, optical colors, and spectrophotometry are used to derive an empirical luminosity function for cool white dwarfs using the 1/V(max) method. To facilitate comparison with theoretical cooling curves, relations for cool white dwarfs are estimated for T(eff) versus M(V) and for M(V) versus M(bol). The results show that a downturn occurs in the distribution of cool degenerate stars near log luminosity equals about -4.4. The indicated local space density of observed degenerate dwarfs is 0.003 stars/pc exp 3, which corresponds to about 1 percent of the dynamical mass density in the solar neighborhood. 107 references.
Analisis Kesalahan Mahasiswa dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Literasi Numerasi pada Materi Sebaran Geometrik dan Binomial Negatif

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kesalahan mahasiswa dalam menyelesaikan soal yang berorientasi literasi numerasi pada materi pengantar teori peluang, yaitu sebaran geometrik dan binomial negatif. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa S1 Matematika yang berjumlah 25 orang. Pengumpulan data diperoleh melalui tes, observasi dan dokumentasi. Prosedur analisis kesalahan mahasiswa dalam penelitian ini menggunakan prosedur Newman yang terdiri dari lima langkah. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, didapatkan kesimpulan bahwa terdapat mahasiswa yang masih melakukan kesalahan sebagai berikut: (1) sebanyak 0% mahasiswa melakukan kesalahan pada tahap membaca (reading error); (2) sebanyak 12% mahasiswa melakukan kesalahan pada tahap memahami soal (comprehension error); (3) sebanyak 76% mahasiswa melakukan kesalahan pada tahap proses transformasi (transform error); (4) sebanyak 12% mahasiswa melakukan kesalahan pada tahap keterampilan proses (weakness in process skill); dan (5) sebanyak 52% mahasiswa melakukan kesalahan pada tahap penyelesaian jawaban akhir (encoding error).
Experimental investigation of excitonic spin relaxation dynamics in GaN

By performing nondegenerate pump-probe experiments, we study the relaxation dynamics of spin-polarized A and B excitons in wurtzite epitaxial GaN. By analyzing the differential reflectivity spectra $(\ensuremath{\Delta}R∕R)$ of the two circularly polarized probe components, we are able to identify each spin relaxation channel (electron, light- and heavy-hole spin flips) separately and to extract characteristic times of the different spin relaxation processes. In addition, spectral oscillatory features are observed for negative delays. They show a rapid rise determined by the fast dephasing time ${T}_{2}$ of the excitonic transitions. We show that the high density of dislocations increases the spin relaxation of electrons and holes through the Elliot\char21{}Yafet mechanism and makes the exciton dephasing time very short. The measured heavy-hole relaxation time, which is not extremely short compared to the electron relaxation time, can be related to the band structure, in which the degeneracy between different spin valence bands is partially lifted.
A mathematical model of a P53 oscillation network triggered by DNA damage

Taking the interaction between a DNA damage repair module, an ATM module, and a P53–MDM2 oscillation module into account, this paper presents a mathematical model of a P53 oscillation network triggered by a DNA damage signal in individual cells. The effects of the DNA damage signal and the delay time of P53-induced MDM2 expression on the behaviours of the P53 oscillation network are studied. In the oscillatory state of the P53–MDM2 oscillator, it is found that the pulse number of P53–P oscillation increases with the increase of the initial DNA damage signal, whereas the amplitude and the period of P53–P oscillation are fixed for different initial DNA damage signals, and the period numbers of P53–P oscillations decrease with the increase of time delay of MDM2 expression induced by P53. These theoretical predictions are consistent with previous experimental results. The combined negative feedback of P53–MDM2 with the time delay of P53-induced MDM2 expression causes oscillation behaviour in the P53 network.
Isochronous Partitions for Region-Based Self-Triggered Control

In this article, we propose a region-based self-triggered control (STC) scheme for nonlinear systems. The state space is partitioned into a finite number of regions, each of which is associated to a uniform interevent time. The controller, at each sampling time instant, checks to which region does the current state belong, and correspondingly decides the next sampling time instant. To derive the regions along with their corresponding interevent times, we use approximations of isochronous manifolds, a notion first introduced in Anta and Tabuada (2012). This article addresses some theoretical issues of Anta and Tabuada (2012) and proposes an effective computational approach that generates approximations of isochronous manifolds, thus enabling the region-based STC scheme. The efficiency of both our theoretical results and the proposed algorithm is demonstrated through simulation examples.
Strongly almost summable difference sequences of order m defined by a modulus

The purpose of this paper is to introduce the space of sequences that are ? r-strongly almost summable with respect to a modulus function. We give some relations related to these sequence spaces. We also show that the space s(? r)of ? r-almost statistically convergent sequences may be represented as a [c,f] (? r)space.
Benzothiophene Adsorptive Desulfurization onto trihexYl(tetradecyl)phosphonium Dicyanamide Ionic-Liquid-Modified Renewable Carbon: Kinetic, Equilibrium and UV Spectroscopy Investigations

The negative environmental and industrial impacts of the presence of sulfur compounds such as benzothiophene in fuels have led to a greater interest in desulfurization research. In this work, carbon from palm waste sources was modified with trihexYl(tetradecyl)phosphonium dicyanamide-ionic liquid and characterized by SEM, EDS, XRD and FTIR to assess surface properties. Then, the prepared carbon and carbon modified with ionic liquid were evaluated for the adsorption of benzothiophene by investigating the effects of time. The equilibrium occurred after 120 min, recording adsorption capacities of 192 and 238 mg/g for carbon and carbon modified with ionic liquid, respectively. The effect of the adsorbent dose on the adsorption of benzothiophene was evaluated, indicating that the maximum adsorption capacities were obtained using a dose of 1 g/L for both carbon and carbon modified with ionic liquid. The kinetic investigation for the adsorption of benzothiophene onto carbon and carbon modified with ionic liquid indicated that the second-order kinetic model is well fitted with the adsorption data rather than the first-order kinetic model. The equilibrium investigations for the adsorption of benzothiophene onto carbon and carbon modified with ionic liquid with Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models reveals that the Freundlich model is the most suitable for describing the adsorption process, suggesting a multilayer adsorption mechanism. The desulfurization process showed a high impact on environmental safety due to the possibility of regenerating and reusing the prepared adsorbents with promising results up to five cycles.