Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comment on ＂Balance recovery control for biped robot based on reaction null space method＂

I recently found out that large portions of the above paper including whole paragraphs, some of the figures as well as part of the experimental results have been directly copied and published in the Journal of Control Theory and Applications of Springer, in a paper entitled “Balance recovery control for biped robot based on reaction null space method” by Baoping Wang, Renxi Hu, Jinming Zhang and Chuangfeng Huai, in Volume 7, Number 1, pages 87 – 91.
End-organ damage in diabetes

Metformin is proposed to confer vascular benefits beyond glycemia control. This may include pleiotropic improvement of endothelial function, possibly via a suggested mechanisms involving increased GLP-1. In type-1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients, metformin indeed improved flow-mediated endothelium-dependent relaxation (EDR), but at the same time increased prostglandin (PG)-F 2α levels, a known endothelial contracting factor contributing to impaired EDR. To explain this seemingly paradoxical finding we hypothesized that metformin increases other endothelial vasodilator mediators (e.g. NO and EDHF) to an even larger extent. To study this, spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were employed which display impaired EDR involving contractile PGs. EDR was studied in isolated aortas using inhibitors to assess the involvement of PGs, NO and EDHF. 12-week metformin treatment (300 mg/kg/day) improved aorta EDR by up-regulation of NO and particularly EDHF; it also reduced blood pressure and increased plasma sulphide levels (a proxy for H 2 S, hence a possible mediator of EDHF). Moreover, these effects persisted in SHR with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced T1DM. We similarly studied the effect of vildagliptin, which targets the incretin axis by increasing GLP-1 via inhibition of DPP-4. Vildagliptin (10 mg/kg/day) also reduced blood pressure and improved EDR in aorta of SHR, but not STZ-SHR, mainly via the inhibition of contractile PGs. Neither metformin nor vildagliptin altered blood glucose or HbA 1c . Metformin reduces blood pressure and improves EDR in SHR aorta via up-regulation of NO and particularly EDHF, an effect that was independent from glycemia control and maintained during T1DM. A comparison to vildagliptin did not support effects of metformin mediated by GLP-1 but rather highlighted differential mechanisms by which both anti-diabetic agents exert their vascular effects.
Experimentally Shock-loaded Anhydrite: Unit-Cell Dimensions, Microstrain and Domain Size from X-Ray Diffraction

Cretaceous Tertiary (K/T) boundary is traditionally associated with one of the most dramatic mass extinctions in the Earth history. A number of killing mechanisms have been suggested to contribute to the widespread extinctions of Cretaceous biota at this boundary, including severe, global deterioration of the atmosphere and hydrosphere from the shock-induced release of CO2 and SO(x) from carbonate- and sulfate-bearing target rocks, respectively. Recently carried out calculations revealed that the global warming caused by CO2 release was considerably less important than the cooling due to SO(x) gases release during the Chicxulub impact event. Considering apparent potential importance of the response of sulfates to the shock metamorphism, relative lack of the data on shock behavior of sulfates as well as some general difficulties encountered during thermodynamic modeling of the shock-induced CO2 loss from carbonates we subjected anhydrite to a series of shock experiments designed for complete recovery of the shocked material. We report here on the detail X-ray diffraction analysis of seven samples that were subjected to experimental shock-loading from 10 to 65 GPa.
Geografía económica y flujos de inversión extranjera en América Latina

Using a gravity investment model, this paper analyzes the determinants of bilateral foreign direct investment inflows (FDI) in some Latin American countries. It incorporates some elements that have been addressed by the New Economic Geography, comparing and controlling by the weight of the factors directly related to FDI. The analysis includes variables related to: (i) potential investment, like the market and commercial size of the countries and their investment partners; (ii) predetermined and historically rooted factors, like geographic distance, frontiers, and common language; and (iii) dummies for institutional and governmental factors that explain restrictions and investment incentives, like participation in trade and investment agreements, and the grants of preferential access. The paper finds that distance and potential investment variables play a role in shaping investment patterns in some countries of the region.
EGFR and HER2 expression in cervical cancer patients in Ibadan, Nigeria

Cervical cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in developing countries, including Nigeria where it is the second most common female malignancy. Studies from elsewhere have demonstrated the relationship between epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and advanced cervical cancer. However, we are not aware of such studies in Nigerian patients. The main objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of EGFR or HER1 and HER2 protein expression in cervical cancers and to determine their impact on overall survival. Clinical data and formalin-embedded tissue blocks of 124 patients who presented in the Radiation Oncology Department, University College Hospital (UCH), from 2006 to 2015 and had their histological diagnosis at the Pathology Department, UCH were retrieved and analysed for EGFR and HER2 expression using immunohistochemistry. EGFR expression was analysed using the immunoreactivity score by Remmele and Stegner. HER2 was analysed using the Hercep® test kit guidelines. Survival analysis was done using Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression analysis. Missing data were reported as missing, not documented. EGFR (immunoreactivity score > 4) was overexpressed in 26.6% of the 124 cervical tissue samples tested. Most patients whose samples were positive for EGFR were young, had squamous cell carcinoma and advanced diseases. HER2 was overexpressed in two samples (1.6%). The 5-year overall survival rate of the patients was 28.3%. The 5-year survival rate of patients who were EGFR positive was 9.5% and 34.1% for those who were EGFR negative. Screening for EGFR should be considered in cervical cancer patients. HER2 was overexpressed in two cervical tissue samples in this study and may be of poor interest as a potential target in the management of cervical cancer patients. Large prospective multi-institutional studies should be considered to further explore the relationship between EGFR and survival in cervical cancer patients.
What Can Be Learned about Argument Schemes from Other Fields’ Inventions?

: Argumentation in specialized fields cannot be adequately described in terms of vernacular schemes. As Toulmin (1958) observed, specialized fields invent new inference methods and innovate in their use. We argue that studying these inventions and innovations is important in itself, but it can also challenge current theoretical assumptions about vernacular schemes as well.
Visual Creativity through Concept Combination Using Quantum Cognitive Models

Computational creativity modeling, including concept combination, enables us to foster deeper abilities of AI agents. Although concept combination has been addressed in a lot of computational creativity studies, findings show incompatibility amongst empirical data of concept combination and the results of the used methods. In addition, even though recent neuroscientific studies show the crucial impact of retrieving concepts’ relations explicitly stored in episodic memory, it has been underestimated in modeling creative processes. In this paper, a quantum cognition-based approach is used to more effectively consider the context and resolve logical inconsistencies. Also, episodic memory is leveraged as the basis for the concept combination modeling process based on the created context. The result of the proposed process is a set of meaningful concepts and expressions as a combination of stimuli and related episodes which are used to depict a visual collage as an image. The significant improvement in the quality of results in comparison with the existing methods suggests that quantum-like modeling can be considered as the foundation for developing AI agents capable of creating artistic images or assisting a person during a creative process.
An estimate of aerosol indirect effect from satellite measurements with concurrent meteorological analysis

[1] Many studies have used satellite retrievals to investigate the effect of aerosols on cloud properties, but these retrievals are subject to artifacts that can confound interpretation. Additionally, large-scale meteorological differences over a study region dominate cloud dynamics and must be accounted for when studying aerosol and cloud interactions. We have developed an analysis method which minimizes the effect of retrieval artifacts and large-scale meteorology on the assessment of the aerosol indirect effect. The method divides an oceanic study region into 1° × 1° grid boxes and separates the grid boxes into two populations according to back trajectory analysis: one population contains aerosols of oceanic origin, and the other population contains aerosols of continental origin. We account for variability in the large-scale dynamical and thermodynamical conditions by stratifying these two populations according to vertical velocity (at 700 hPa) and estimated inversion strength and analyze differences in the aerosol optical depths, cloud properties, and top of atmosphere (TOA) albedos. We also stratify the differences by cloud liquid water path (LWP) in order to quantify the first aerosol indirect effect. We apply our method to a study region off the west coast of Africa and only consider single-layer low-level clouds. We find that grid boxes associated with aerosols of continental origin have higher cloud fraction than those associated with oceanic origin. Additionally, we limit our analysis to those grid boxes with cloud fractions larger than 80% to ensure that the two populations have similar retrieval biases. This is important for eliminating the retrieval biases in our difference analysis. We find a significant reduction in cloud droplet effective radius associated with continental aerosols relative to that associated with oceanic aerosols under all LWP ranges; the overall reduction is about 1.0 μm, when cloud fraction is not constrained, and is about 0.5 μm, when cloud fraction is constrained to be larger than 80%. We also find significant increases in cloud optical depth and TOA albedo associated with continental aerosols relative to those associated with oceanic aerosols under all LWP ranges. The overall increase in cloud optical depth is about 0.6, and the overall increase in TOA albedo is about 0.021, when we do not constrained cloud fraction. The overall increases in cloud optical depth and TOA albedo are 0.4 and 0.008, when we only use grid boxes with cloud fraction larger than 80%.
Noves dades d'hemípters per a Catalunya i territoris limítrofs (Heteroptera)

Es comenten 78 especies d'heteropters de l'actual administracio autonoma de Catalunya i arees adjacents. L'interes de cada un d'aquests taxons es ben divers. Es tracta sovint de novetats per a la fauna objecte d'estudi; d'altres cops se n'emfatitza la seva suposada raresa o qualsevol aspecte remarcable; en certs casos se n'amplien els coneixements ecologics, geografics i, fins i tot, cronologics; una sola vegada s'incideix en un tema que voreja aspectes sanitaris. Es descriu Pachyxyphus yelamosi sp. ti. , Miridae, Phylinae, de Seros i de Granada i es dona una clau d'especies del genere Pachyxyphus. Cal esmentar que una bona meitat d'aquest material ens ha estat cedit o deixat per diferents amics i col·legues, sense la col·laboracio dels quals el present treball hauria quedat forca minvat.
V3 AFTER CENTRAL ADVERBIALS IN GERMAN: CONTINUITY OR CHANGE?

Circumstantial (‘central’) adverbials canonically occupy the topological prefield in German, causing inversion of subject and finite verb. V3 order, with such an adverbial preceding a full V2-clause, is normally excluded in German as a consequence of the (relatively) strict verb-second requirement in that language. However, such orders are attested both in historical as well as modern, particularly urban, varieties. Based on new corpus data and an acceptability study, the present paper will address the question of whether this is a case of diachronic continuity, or whether we are dealing with an innovation and a change in progress.
All Critical Gradient Descent

Within the theory of machine learning, we prove that when over-parameterized and gradient descent ﬁnds critical weights, i.e., a point ~w on the error surface with zero slope, the resulting neural network NN ~w ( x ) provides perfect responses for each training data point. To put it diﬀerently, the error surface lacks local minima, maxima, and inﬂec-tion points. This improves on work by Hui Jiang (2019) [5]. Their result requires the number of weights in the neural network to be as large as (1 /ǫ ) N . Using diﬀerent techniques, we only require more nodes in a layer than training data. This number of weights is nearly optimal, because reducing the number of weights further would render the weight optimization problem NP-complete. Furthermore, our result establishes the ﬁrst quantiﬁ-able link between the criticality of ~w and the accuracy of the machine’s approximation to the supervisor’s responses. As a theoretical paper, we assume that at ~w the sensitivity of the neural network itself has not gone ﬂat, either because of a conscious eﬀort to maintain a suﬃcient number of sigmoid/ReLU activation functions outside their ﬂatter regions or due to the inherent property that sigmoid functions always retain at least some non-zero slope.
Rat eradication comes within a whisker! A case study of a failed project from the 2 South Pacific 3

1 Rat eradication comes within a whisker! A case study of a failed project from the 2 South Pacific 3 4 5 6 W. Amos1, H.J. Nichols1,2, T. Churchyard3 and M. de L. Brooke1 7 8 1Department of Zoology, Downing Street, Cambridge, UK 9 2Liverpool John Moores University, School of Natural Science & Psychology, Liverpool, UK 10 3RSPB Centre for Conservation Science, Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, UK 11 12 Author for correspondence: M. de L.Brooke email: m.brooke@zoo.cam. ac.uk 13 14
Real-Time Validation of ChatGPT Facts using RDF Knowledge Graphs

ChatGPT is an innovative application of Large Language Models (LLMs) that produces detailed and articulate responses across many domains of knowledge. However, it does not provide evidence for its responses, and it returns several erroneous facts, even for popular persons, places and others. For tackling the mentioned limitation, we present the fact checking service of the research prototype GPT ∙ LODS , which can validate ChatGPT facts by using RDF Knowledge Graphs (KGs) containing high quality structured data. Indeed, GPT ∙ LODS is able to generate triples for a question, an entity or a given text using ChatGPT. Afterwards, it can validate at real-time the generated ChatGPT triples through DBpedia or LODsyndesis KG (a KG that has indexed 400 other RDF KGs), by combining SPARQL queries, word embeddings and sentence similarity metrics. We present the functionality and use cases of GPT ∙ LODS , including fact checking, question answering, triples generation from text and comparison of different GPT models.
Composition of weakly altered Martian crust

The mineralogic and chemical composition of weakly altered crust remains an unresolved question for Mars. Dark regions hold clues to the composition since they are thought to comprise surface exposures of weakly altered crustal materials. Understanding the in situ composition of relatively pristine crustal rocks in greater detail is important for investigating basic volcanic processes. Also, this will provide additional constraints on the chemical pathways by which pristine rocks are altered to produce the observed ferric iron-bearing assemblages and inferred clay silicate, sulphate, and magnetic oxide phases. Reflectance spectra of dark regions obtained with the ISM instrument are being used to determine the basic mineralogy of weakly altered crust for a variety of regions on Mars.
Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface Aided Loopback Interference Suppression

Interference has become a key impediment to improving the performance of communication systems. In traditional interference management (IM) methods design, acquiring information about interference is critical but can be expensive. Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS) is a novel equipment in the field of wireless communications. It offers the advantages of low cost and flexible signal adjusting capability, making it ideal for use in IM. In this paper, we propose an IM method called RIS-Aided Loopback Interference Suppression (RIS-LIS), which leverages RIS to achieve low-cost IM. In RIS-LIS, the desired transmitter (Tx) uses the RIS to detect the phase difference between the interference directly sent from the interfering Tx and that forwarded by the desired Rx to the RIS. This information is exploited to deduce the interference phase difference at the desired Rx. The desired Tx then adjusts the reflection coefficient of the RIS based on the measured phase difference so that the reflected interference can counteract the direct interfering component at the desired Rx. The proposed RIS-LIS doesn’t require the desired Tx to accurately estimate the channel state information (CSI) with respect to (w.r.t.) the interfering Tx or share its desired data with others to achieve IM. This not only reduces the signaling overhead but also protects the privacy of the interfering communication-pair’s data transmission. Our theoretical analysis and simulation results have demonstrated that the proposed RIS-LIS can fully leverage interference to achieve interference suppression and significantly improve the spectral efficiency (SE) of the desired communication-pair.
Beneficial Effects of Exendin-4 on Experimental Polyneuropathy in Diabetic Mice

OBJECTIVE The therapeutic potential of exendin-4, an agonist of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R), on diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice was investigated. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The presence of the GLP-1R in lumbar dorsal root ganglion (DRG) was evaluated by immunohistochemical analyses. DRG neurons were dissected from C57BL6/J mice and cultured with or without Schwann cell–conditioned media in the presence or absence of GLP-1 (7–37) or exendin-4. Then neurite outgrowth was determined. In animal-model experiments, mice were made diabetic by STZ administration, and after 12 weeks of diabetes, exendin-4 (10 nmol/kg) was intraperitoneally administered once daily for 4 weeks. Peripheral nerve function was determined by the current perception threshold and motor and sensory nerve conduction velocity (MNCV and SNCV, respectively). Sciatic nerve blood flow (SNBF) and intraepidermal nerve fiber densities (IENFDs) also were evaluated. RESULTS The expression of the GLP-1R in DRG neurons was confirmed. GLP-1 (7–37) and exendin-4 significantly promoted neurite outgrowth of DRG neurons. Both GLP-1R agonists accelerated the impaired neurite outgrowth of DRG neurons cultured with Schwann cell–conditioned media that mimicked the diabetic condition. At the doses used, exendin-4 had no effect on blood glucose or HbA1c levels. Hypoalgesia and delayed MNCV and SNCV in diabetic mice were improved by exendin-4 without affecting the reduced SNBF. The decreased IENFDs in sole skins of diabetic mice were ameliorated by exendin-4. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that exendin-4 ameliorates the severity of DPN, which may be achieved by its direct actions on DRG neurons and their axons.
Diffraction Imaging in the Dip-angle Domain - Viking Graben Case Study

“DEDICATED - Case Studies in Diffraction Imaging and Interpretation” We apply a diffraction imaging technique based on the Hybrid Radon Transform in the dip-angle domain to the 2D North Viking Graben seismic data set. Diffractions in this case correspond to seismic response from a fault system and rough reflection boundaries. The constructed diffraction image allows us to locate faults which are not clearly visible in the conventional reflection seismic image.
The anti-inflammatory activity of Taraxacum Mongolicum in bovine subclinical mastitis and in lipopolysaccharide -stimulated milk cells

To investigate the anti-inflammatory activities of Taraxacum Mongolicum (TM) in bovine subclinical mastitis and in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated milk cells, fourteen dairy cows with milk somatic cell count (SCC) over 50×10 4 cells/mL were divided into treatment (n=7) group and control (n=7) group. In the treatment group, each cow was fed with 150 g TM extract daily for 14 days. SCC, fat, protein, lactose, and interleukin (IL)-8 in raw milk was measured before and after the experimental period. In addition, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)- α , IL-1 β , IL-8, and nitric oxide (NO) in the supernatant of LPS (1 μ g/mL) stimulated, with or without various concentrations of TM extract, milk cells were analyzed. Results showed that cows fed with TM extract significantly (P < 0.05) reduced SCC and IL-8 in milk in comparison with cows in the control group at the end of experiment. Moreover, TM extract inhibited LPS-induced production of TNF-α , IL-1 β , IL-8 and NO in milk cells in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggested that the anti-inflammatory effects of TM may be, at least in parts, due to down-regulation of NO and pro-inflammatory cytokines. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of TM extract is a feasible approach to minimize the impact of bovine subclinical mastitis.
The 2023 MLCAD FPGA Macro Placement Benchmark Design Suite and Contest Results

The 2023 IEEE/ACM MLCAD Workshop program included the inaugural MLCAD Contest, a multi-month research and development competition intended to focus attention on pressing challenges at the nexus of electronic design automation (EDA) and machine learning. The 2023 contest aimed to spur research into machine learning-driven solutions that can supplant state-of-the-art algorithms for FPGA macro placement. Several factors make this problem more challenging than its ASIC counterpart. These include: (i) discrete and SITE-typed columnated nature of the FPGA device layout; (ii) cascaded macros or carry chains that can greatly impact routability and timing closure because of their high pin count and net connectivities, (iii) prevalence of resource-bound multi-clock domains; (iv) larger number of macros (typically 100s–1000s) than in ASICs; and (v) fragmentation of placement across multiple dies. Two benchmark suites containing 140 public and 198 hidden designs with varying complexities (based on Rent exponent, LUT/FF/BRAM/DSP utilization, carry chains, cascaded macro shapes and number of clock domains) were created for this competition. 19 teams globally participated in the contest. We share the results from the 8 finalists, 6 of which had competitive solutions. Our goal was for the contest to draw international participation and catalyze industry-academic collaborations, leading to contributions in premier conferences and journals. Several contestants used electrostatic-based frameworks (e.g., [13], DreamPlaceFPGA [29] and OpenPARF [24]) for global placement solution evaluations, alongside core macro placement algorithms based on classical optimization approaches (e.g., min-cost flow, bipartite graph matching, and simulated annealing). One team used an RL-parameterized simulated annealing algorithm for their macro placement solution. The contributed solutions are insightful, and we remain optimistic about the contest’s potential lasting influence for developing better algorithms for FPGA macro placement.