Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
BLEND OF METAL OXIDES AND POLYANILINE ON PLATINUM ELECTRODES FOR DISSOLVED OXYGEN SENSORS

In this study, we report the detection of dissolve oxygen (DO) by using a blend of Ruthenium oxide and polyaniline (PANI) coated on platinum electrodes. Optical properties of the PANI were characterized by using Ultraviolet - Visible (UV-Vis) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. In order to study the sensitivity of the thin films of the PANI and PANI: Ruthenium oxide blend, cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements was performed with the platinum electrodes coated with the thin films of PANI: Ruthenium oxide. The electrolyte solutions were prepared from the phosphate buffer and had the salinity of 20‰ and pH 7.3. The CV measurements were carried out when the electrodes were put in the electrolyte solutions which had various DO concentrations by purging pure nitrogen and oxygen gases. The DO concentrations in the experiments were measured by a commercial dissolved oxygen probe. The correlation between the current in the CV measurements and DO concentrations was determined. The effect of the blending ratio of the metal oxide and PANI on the electrochemical signal was also specified. The results showed that the platinum electrodes with PANI: Ruthenium oxide blend coating exhibited a high possibility as electrochemical sensor for detection of low levels of DO in aqueous phase.
Application of carbon allotropes composites for targeted cancer therapy drugs: A review

In recent years, various drug carrier nanomaterials have been investigated to improve drug delivery systems in cancer treatment. However, an ongoing requirement exists for more beneficial therapeutic materials, yielding rapid clearance, high capacity for reducing systemic toxicity via specific-tumor targeting, and superior drug solubility. Given that, carbon allotropes, including Active Carbon (AC), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene and graphene oxides (GOs), nanodiamonds (NDs), fullerenes, carbon nanohorns, soporous carbons, and carbon dots, have been studied owing to their high thermal conductivity, rigid structure, flexibility for modification and functionalization, adequate surface-to-volume ratio, and high biocompatibility. This review aims to overview recent advances in applying different carbon allotrope composites in drug delivery-based cancer therapy systems.
Advanced NH3 based absorption refrigeration cycles: Modelling of the ionic liquid based double-effect cycles

Absorption refrigeration cycles are energy saving as they can be driven by waste heat instead of electricity. By doing so, they reduce the use of fossil fuels, resulting in a reduction of emissions. However, many challenges exist for the traditional working fluids of the cycle, such as the crystallization problem of the water-lithium bromide pair and the difficulty in separating ammonia from the ammonia-water working pair. Ionic liquids, as novel absorbents in absorption cycles, have attracted considerable attention because of their unique properties like negligible vapor pressure, negligible flammability, thermal stability, low melting temperatures, liquid state over a wide temperature range and good solubility. In this thesis, a thermodynamic model of the ammonia based double-effect absorption cycle in series configuration was used to predict the performance and suitability of nine ionic liquids as potential absorbents. The performance of the ammonia-ionic liquid systems was compared with that of ammonia-water systems and the influence of the operating conditions and the design parameters on the performance was investigated. Furthermore, a method to experimentally determine the excess enthalpy of ammonia and ionic liquid mixtures is proposed and the suitability of using absorption refrigeration on a fishing ship, with ionic liquids as absorbents, is studied. The results show that the ionic liquids [Bmim][BF4], [Mmim][DMP] and [Emim][SCN] used as absorbents in the investigated absorption cycle reached the best performance and could be a promising replacement of water in the ammonia-water working pair. The best performing ionic liquid, [Bmim][BF4], was found to be a better performing absorbent than water in the double-effect cycle.
Correlation lengths in quasi-one-dimensional systems via transfer matrices

ABSTRACT Using transfer matrices up to next-nearest-neighbour interactions, we examine the structural correlations of quasi-one-dimensional systems of hard disks confined by two parallel lines and hard spheres confined in cylinders. Simulations have shown that the non-monotonic and non-smooth growth of the correlation length in these systems accompanies structural crossovers [Fu et al., Soft Matter 13, 3296 (2017)]. Here, we identify the theoretical basis for these behaviours. In particular, we associate kinks in the growth of correlation lengths with eigenvalue crossing and splitting. Understanding the origin of such structural crossovers answers questions raised by earlier studies, and thus bridges the gap between theory and simulations for these reference models. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Comparison of Social determinants and Evaluation of Disease Management of diabetic patients attending Rahman Medical Institute and Nahaki Emergency Satellite Hospital, Peshawar

Background: Diabetes mainly depends on social determinants of health. Addressing the social determinants, and attitude toward disease management is an important step toward the prognosis, and control of diabetes. The objective of the study was to determine the contributing role of social Determinants in diabetes development and evaluation of diabetes parameters affecting the prognosis and management among the diabetic patients of NESH and RMI. Methods: This was comparative hospital based case control study carried out from the duration of March to December 2016. A total 174 patients, 87 diabetics and 87 non diabetics were included in the study. After taking written consent, a predesigned questionnaire was filled from each patient. Data were collected and analyzed by using SPSS version 16. Results: A total 174 study subjects, 87 diabetic (Cases) and non-diabetic (control) each from two different hospitals with equal distribution were included in the study. Out of 174 study subjects 59 (34%) were male and 115 (66%) were female. A significant difference was observed in weight and BMI p<0.05 of these two groups case and control. There found no significant difference among diabetics and non-diabetes in reference to their social determinants like gender p=0.1683, education p=0.4358 and income p= 0.4672, however a significant difference between these two groups were observed in marital status p=0.0001. It was found that significant difference was observed in decrease of vision (p=<0.001) and Ischemic necrosis of toes and finger (p=0.007) among diabetics patients of both hospital. Conclusion: The social determinants (age, gender, area, profession etc), carbohydrate and fat intake were not significantly different between diabetics and non-diabetics group. The significantly higher proportion of diabetic’s patients of rural hospital were found with decrease of vision and ischemic necrosis of toes and fingers educational intervention regarding diabetes management is needed in rural areas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
Highly active two dimensional α-MoO3−x for the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction

The development of earth-abundant electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution, with high activity and stability, is of great interest in the field of clean energy. The highly tunable chemical and physical properties of earth-abundant molybdenum oxides make them versatile for their incorporation into electrochemical and catalytic systems. Due to the layered crystal arrangement of orthorhombic α-MoO3, this material can be exfoliated into two dimensional (2D) nanosheets, featuring a large surface area. Variations in the oxidation states of molybdenum facilitate the crystal structure, morphology and oxygen vacancy tuning, making these oxide compounds suitable for electrochemical activities. Here, oxygen deficient 2D α-MoO3−x nanosheets (x = 0.045) are successfully synthesised, using a liquid phase exfoliation method, which display superior activity for the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) with a low overpotential and fast electron transfer. In alkaline media, the 2D compound exhibits an overpotential value of 142 mV at the standard current density of 10 mA cm−2 with excellent stability. Here, the 2D morphology, structural defects and oxygen vacancies in the planar construction of molybdenum oxide nanosheets significantly increase the active sites of the catalyst, which act as key factors to promote the HER performance. This work presents 2D α-MoO3−x nanosheets as strong candidates for the HER.
Incorporation et diffusion de l’hélium et de l’argon dans l’olivine polycristalline

Les gaz rares sont d’excellents traceurs des heterogeneites geochimiques et isotopiques presentes dans le manteau terrestre. Cependant, le stockage et le transport de ces elements dans les mineraux mantelliques restent mal compris. Cette these est centree sur les sites de stockage de l’helium et l’argon, et leurs mecanismes de diffusion dans les roches mantelliques. Des echantillons d’olivine polycristalline ont ete dopes en helium et argon a haute temperature (1150 ± 25 and 1050 ± 25 °C) et haute pression (0.30 ± 0.01 GPa), et analyses par chauffage par paliers de temperature avec un spectrometre de masse. L’influence d’une concentration initiale heterogene dans l’echantillon sur les diffusivites calculees a egalement ete testee, demontrant la robustesse des parametres de diffusion obtenus dans cette etude. Les resultats montrent que deux domaines de diffusion sont presents dans l’olivine polycristalline : (i) un domaine a haute temperature avec une energie d’activation (Ea) elevee ou la diffusion est controlee par la diffusion dans la maille cristalline, et (ii) un domaine a plus basse temperature avec une Ea plus faible ou la diffusion est controlee par a la fois la diffusion dans la maille cristalline et celle dans les joints de grains. Ces deux domaines sont separes par une temperature de transition qui a lieu au moment ou les joints de grains ont ete vides. Mes resultats confirment que les joints de grains peuvent representer un site de stockage significatif pour l’helium et l’argon. Pour l’helium, deux populations d’Ea ont ete observees dans le domaine de la maille cristalline de l’olivine, interpretees comme correspondant a la diffusion de l’helium dans les sites interstitiels (Ea = 95 ± 15 kJ.mol-1) et dans les sites vacants du Mg (Ea = 168 ± 19 kJ.mol-1). Pour l’argon, une valeur moyenne des parametre de diffusion dans la maille cristalline (Ea = 166 ± 44 kJ.mol-1 et logD0 = −7.04 ± 1.13 avec D0 en m2.s-1) a ete obtenue a partir des donnees de la litterature et de notre etude. De plus, les parametres de diffusion dans les joints de grains ont ete determines : Ea = 45 ± 12 kJ.mol-1 et D0 = 5.30 ± 1.53 * 10-13 m2.s-1 pour l’helium, et Ea = 22 ± 5 kJ.mol-1 et log(D0) = -12.33 ± 0.3 pour l’argon avec D0 en m2.s-1. En appliquant ces resultats au manteau superieur, il s’avere qu’une quantite consequente d’helium et d’argon peut etre stockee aux joints de grains (~ 22% pour une taille de grain de 1 mm). En consequence, les diffusivites globales peuvent etre significativement plus elevees que celles de la maille cristalline, induisant des implications importantes pour la geochimie et la geodynamique du manteau terrestre
Plataforma de investigación para el confinamiento virtual de bovinos

espanolExisten varios antecedentes de alambrados virtuales que utilizan diversas tecnicas para mantener confinado al ganado bovino dentro de un perimetro configurado de forma remota. Estas tecnicas comparten un patron comun que consiste en colocar un dispositivo electronico en el animal capaz de aplicar estimulos cuando este se acerca a los limites pre-establecidos. El uso de descargas electricas como metodo de estimulacion es ampliamente utilizado. En este trabajo se propone una solucion compatible con el bienestar animal, que evita las descargas electricas, basada solamente en estimulos sonoros y tactiles (mediante un motor vibrador). Para ello, se desarrollo un sistema que comprende un dispositivo electronico que se coloca en el cuello del animal, y es capaz de determinar su posicion, estimularlo y enviar informacion en forma inalambrica; un servidor central que es capaz de recibir, procesar y almacenar esa informacion; y una interfaz grafica, a traves de la cual se puede visualizar la posicion del animal y configurar distintos parametros para evaluar diversas metodologias de confinamiento virtual. Las pruebas realizadas en animales, sugieren que los estimulos propuestos no son inocuos, por lo que se estima, podrian lograr su cometido luego de un periodo de aprendizaje de los animales. La investigacion sobre la eficacia de las metodologias de confinamiento de la plataforma desarrollada sera realizada en una proxima etapa por un equipo interdisciplinario EnglishPrior work in virtual fences has proposed different schemes to keep cattle confined within a remotely configured perimeter. These techniques share a common pattern that consists of placing an electronic device in the animal capable of applying stimuli when it approaches the pre-established limits. The use of electric shocks as a method of stimulation is widely used. This work proposes a solution compatible with animal welfare, which avoids electric shocks, based only on sound and tactile stimuli (using a vibrating motor). For this, a system was developed consisting of an electronic device that is placed on the animal's neck, and has the capacity to stimulate and send information wirelessly; a central server that is able to receive, process and store that information; and a graphical user interface, where the animal's position can be visualized and several parameters can be configured to evaluate different virtual confinement techniques. The tests performed on animals suggest that the stimuli used is aversive, so it is estimated that they could achieve their goal after a period of training. The research on the effectiveness of the proposed confinement techniques using our platform should be carried out in a next stage by an interdisciplinary team.
Performance of Green Tea Leaves Methanolic Extract in Stabilizing Refined, Bleached and Deodorized Palm Olein during Storage at Frying Temperature

Aims: The present study was performed in order to test the effect of different concentrations of tea leaves methanolic extracts on the oxidative stability of palm olein subjected at frying temperature. Study Design: Harvesting of fresh tea leaves, cleaning and drying, extraction of natural antioxidants, supplementation of refined palm olein with the extract and evaluation of its stability during storage at frying temperature (180 ± 5°C). Place and Duration of Study: University of Dschang, Cameroon and Council for Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, India, from July 2015 to December 2015. Methodology: The natural antioxidants were extracted by macerating dried green tea leaves in Original Research Article Djikeng et al.; EJNFS, 7(3): 144-154, 2017; Article no.EJNFS. 2017.011 145 methanol. The concentrated extract was then added in refined palm olein without additives at concentrations 200, 600, 1000, 1400 and 1800 ppm respectively. Oil containing butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and oil without antioxidants served as positive and negative controls respectively. The oil samples were then stored in the oven at 180°C for 6 consecutive days (4 hours heating/day). After every two days of heating, oil samples were collected and various chemical parameters (peroxide value, p-anisidine value, thiobarbituric acid value and iodine value were measured) and instrumental techniques (Gas-chromatography) were used to test the oil deterioration that permit the distinction of oxidative alteration level during storage. Results: Quantitative measurements revealed significantly (p<0.05) higher rate of oxidative alteration level in Control and PO+BHT200ppm (palm olein supplemented with butyl hydroxytoluene) during the storage compared to oil samples containing tea leaves extract as natural antioxidant. At all concentrations, tea extract was very efficient than butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). It was also the best in delaying linoleic acid degradation during the process. Conclusion: From these results, it can be concluded that green tea leaves are rich in natural antioxidants of good thermal stability, which can be exploited to delay the oxidation of palm olein during processing at high temperature and during storage.
The Impact of Abusive Supervision and Locus of Control on Budgetary Slack

Previous research has shown that budgetary slack behavior is motivated by external factors based on employee preferences or internal factors. Abusive supervision and locus of control are two aspects that have the potential to be the cause of budgetary slack creation. This research aims to investigate the impact on the propensity of individuals (abusive supervision and locus of control) to execute budgetary slack. Furthermore, this research also explores the role of the individual locus of control through abusive oversight of the tendency to handle budgetary slack. Until now, no research has been conducted to investigate the role of the individual locus of control in reaction to abusive supervision that facilitates budgetary slack activity. This research used a 2 x 2 experimental method among 51 Accounting master students as participants to test the hypothesis. The findings show that the tendency to create budgetary slack is not significantly influenced by abusive supervision, whereas the locus of control has a major impact on the tendency to generate budgetary slack. Furthermore, it was also found that the propensity to create budgetary slack is influenced by interaction of abusive supervision and locus of control. In an attempt to reduce employee budget discrepancies, this analysis contributes empirically and theoretically by being the framework for consideration in the company.
Couples transitions to parenthood: Why the female partners earnings advantage fails to predict efficient specialisation

All over Europe and beyond, men and women in newly forming couples have become more similar to each other with respect to their market and non-market skills. In the early twenty-first century, gender differences by educational level, time spent on housework, and early employment patterns have declined or even turned around, while homogamy has increased (Anxo et al. 2011; Blossfeld et al. 2005, 2015; Van Bavel 2012). In spite of these trends, the transition to parenthood continues to prompt couples to adopt gendered household production models, with the woman specialising in unpaid domestic (care) work and the man specialising in market production (Grunow 2019a; Grunow and Evertsson 2016a, 2019). It has been argued that this dynamic accounts for persistent discrepancies in men’s and women’s average aggregate time use, fostering gender inequality in human capital accumulation, a gender gap in earnings, and the further segregation of tasks within families over time (Gershuny 2018). The claim that women tend to specialise in unpaid domestic work (including childcare) while men tend to specialise in paid work because the latter are the more productive earners and the former are the more productive carers has been put forward most prominently by the economic theory of the family (i.e., Becker 1981). Challenging Becker’s theory, bargaining proponents have argued that both partners should have an interest in maintaining their market productivity rather than in specialising in unpaid domestic work. First, these scholars observed, because market work is paid, its rewards can be used and transferred more flexibly than domestic commodities. Second, they pointed out, market productivity determines each partner’s future bargaining power over the allocation of time and resources within the family (Lundberg and Pollak 1993; Ott 1992). In light of these two theoretical strands, and given the massive gains women have made in terms of absolute and relative market productivity, the question of why gendered transitions to parenthood persist remains a puzzle. A desire to solve this puzzle has motivated a growing body of research in the work–family field, which we review in this chapter. Most importantly, we seek to provide new insights into the mechanisms that lead couples to specialise in economically efficient and inefficient models of market production during the transition to parenthood. The chapter provides evidence that sheds light on the question of why egalitarian and other ‘non-normative’ models of production remain exceptional in co-residential heterosexual parental couples, despite being efficient. We refer to gendered production models as ‘non-normative’ when couples (1) maintain gender-balanced production models across the spheres of paid work and unpaid (care) work during the transition to parenthood; or (2) specialise in gender-atypical ways, i.e., the female partner specialises in market production and the male partner specialises in domestic produc-
PENGARUH WORK FAMILY CONFLICT DAN ORGANIZATIONAL INJUSTICE TERHADAP COUNTERPRODUCTIVE WORK BEHAVIOR (CWB) DENGAN NEGATIVE AFFECTIVITY SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERASI

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa pengaruh work family conflict, distributive injustice, procedural injustice, interpersonal injustice, dan informational injustice terhadap Counterproductive Work Behavior (CWB) baik secara personal maupun organisasi dengan menambahkan negative affectivity sebagai variabel moderasi. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 138 responden dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode survey dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Penelitian menggunakan analisis regresi moderasi dengan SPSS 17.0. Berdasarkan hasil analisis ditemukan bahwa work family conflict, distributive injustice, procedural injustice, interpersonal injustice, dan informational injustice tidak berpengaruh positif terhadap CWB-P maupun CWB-O. Sedangkan negative affectivity memoderasi work family conflict, distributive injustice, procedural injustice, interpersonal injustice, dan informational injustice terhadap CWB-P dan CWB-O. Hubungan antara work family conflict, distributive injustice, procedural injustice, dan informational injustice terhadap CWB-P dan CWB-O lebih kuat pada individu dengan tingkat negative affectivity tinggi dibandingkan dengan individu dengan negative affectivity rendah.
Semi-supervised Text Classification Based On Graph Attention Neural Networks*

The text classification task is the most basic and essential in natural language processing. It can find the rules about documents and distinguish the categories of different papers. Nowadays, graph convolutional neural network is widely used in text classification task because of its scalability and high efficiency. However, the GCN model has the best effect at layer 2. As the number of network layers increases, problems such as over smoothing will occur. This paper proposes a semi-supervised text classification model based on a graph attention neural network, which makes full use of the characteristics of information transmission along with the graph by adding residual connections to deepen the number of network layers. Simultaneously, the attention mechanism can be used to give different weights according to the importance of neighboring nodes to target nodes. A dual-layer attention mechanism at the topic level and node level is proposed to learn the importance of different neighboring nodes and extra neighboring node information to target nodes. Experimental results show that this model is superior to other methods on four benchmark datasets.