Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An overview of the evolving jurisdictional scope of the U.S. Clean Water Act for hydrologists

The Clean Water Act (CWA) is the primary federal mechanism by which the physical, chemical, and biological integrity of streams, lakes, and wetlands are protected in the United States. The CWA has evolved considerably since its initial passage in 1948, including explicit expansions and contractions of jurisdictional scope through a series of legislative actions, court decisions, and agency rules. Here, we provide a practical summary of the CWA's evolution, detailing the major updates or revisions and their circumstances. Additionally, we identify the jurisdictional scope of the law for rivers and streams, lakes, and wetlands based on the language used and implementation by the agencies during the same time period. While the rulemaking process commonly uses language that will be abstract to many hydrologists, understanding the on‐the‐ground implications, quantifying regulatory (un)certainties, and assessing the magnitude of changes through time is important to understanding the implications of environmental regulation development, litigation, and enforcement. Thus, we translate the enforcement norms and definitions into quantitative estimates for Clean Water Act scope in the Wabash River Basin (Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio, USA) as a demonstration of the spatial consequences of changing regulatory language.
Changes in Canada's Phosphorus Cycle 1961–2018: Surpluses and Deficits

Human activities have greatly changed global phosphorus (P) cycling, posing urgent challenges related to both supply uncertainty and aquatic eutrophication. However, the long‐term dynamics of P across Canada remain unquantified and under‐explored. Using a material flow analysis model, we quantified temporal dynamics of P cycling in Canadian provinces from 1961 to 2018 and characterized the changes in soil P balances through the study period. We found most Canadian agricultural regions had soil P surpluses except Saskatchewan, where large P deficits (−10‐0 kg ha−1 y−1) were detected in almost all study years (except 1961). In 2018, Quebec and Atlantic provinces had the highest P surpluses (34 and 159 kg ha−1 y−1, respectively), and low P surpluses were observed in Ontario, Manitoba, Alberta and British Columbia (9, 16, 5, and 28 kg ha−1 y−1, respectively). P surplus was reduced in Quebec and Ontario after the nutrient management regulations were put in place in the 1980s. We demonstrated that P flows in cropland played a larger role in Canada P cycling than pasture. P use efficiency tended to be greatest in the Prairie provinces (0.74 in 2018), and least in the Atlantic provinces (0.12 in 2018). However, the rate of increase was considerably steeper in Ontario and Quebec than other provinces. Reducing inorganic fertilizer and manure application would be the most effective method to reduce remaining P surpluses.
TaHiD: Tackling Data Hiding in Fake News Detection with News Propagation Networks

Fake news with detrimental societal effects has 001 attracted extensive attention and research. De-002 spite early success, the state-of-the-art meth-003 ods fall short of considering the propagation 004 of news. News propagates at different times 005 through different mediums, including users, 006 comments, and sources, which form the news 007 propagation network. Moreover, the serious 008 problem of data hiding arises, which means 009 that fake news publishers disguise fake news 010 as real to confuse users by deleting comments 011 that refute the rumor or deleting the news itself 012 when it has been spread widely. Existing meth-013 ods do not consider the propagation of news 014 and fail to identify what matters in the process, 015 which leads to fake news hiding in the prop-016 agation network and escaping from detection. 017 Inspired by the propagation of news, we pro-018 pose a novel fake news detection framework 019 named TaHiD, which models the propagation 020 as a heterogeneous dynamic graph and contains 021 the propagation attention module to measure 022 the influence of different propagation. Exper-023 iments demonstrate that TaHiD extracts use-024 ful information from the news propagation net-025 work and outperforms state-of-the-art methods 026 on several benchmark datasets for fake news 027 detection. Additional studies also show that 028 TaHiD is capable of identifying fake news in 029 the case of data hiding. 030
Antibacterial Activity and Cell Responses of Vancomycin-Loaded Alginate Coating on ZSM-5 Scaffold for Bone Tissue Engineering Applications

Despite the significant advancement in bone tissue engineering, it is still challenging to find a desired scaffold with suitable mechanical and biological properties, efficient bone formation in the defect area, and antibacterial resistivity. In this study, the zeolite (ZSM-5) scaffold was developed using the space holder method, and a novel vancomycin-loaded alginate coating was developed on it to promote their characteristics. Our results demonstrated the importance of alginate coating on the microstructure, mechanical, and cellular properties of the ZSM-5 scaffold. For instance, a three-fold increase in the compressive strength of coated scaffolds was observed compared to the uncoated ZSM-5. After the incorporation of vancomycin into the alginate coating, the scaffold revealed significant antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). The inhibition zone increased to 35 mm. Resets also demonstrated 74 ± 2.5% porosity, 4.3 ± 0.07 MPa strength in compressive conditions, acceptable cellular properties (72.3 ± 0.2 (%control) cell viability) after 7 days, good cell attachment, and calcium deposition. Overall, the results revealed that this scaffold could be a great candidate for bone tissue engineering.
NGSLR: Sharing Eye-safe Kilohertz SLR with Transponder Ranging

NASA's Next Generation Satellite Laser Ranging System (NGSLR) is expected to be operational in early 2009. The system is currently ranging with the eyesafe laser (~100 microJoules at 2 khz) to targets ranging in altitude from Low Earth Orbiting (LEO) satellites to LAGEOS, and has successfully ranged to GLONASS-95 and GLONASS-102. Satellite passes are normally tracked using a tight laser divergence (4 arcsec) with hands-off operation, and requiring no bias correction. Many LEOs have been tracked down below 15 degrees elevation. The telescope is pointed behind, in the direction of the returning light from the satellite, and the Risley Prism wedges are independently controlled to point the laser ahead to where the satellite will be when the laser pulse arrives. With a simple drop-in mirror, toggle switch, and single cable change, the system can switch from eyesafe laser ranging to ranging with the 50 milliJoule, 28 hz, 6 nanosecond pulsewidth laser. This higher power laser was added to the system to perform uplink-only ranging to the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO-LR). For LRO the laser fire is controlled to ensure that the pulses arrive at the spacecraft when the Range Window is open and can accept events. Ground laser fire times are recorded and transmitted to a central facility where they are matched with the spacecraft events to form ranges.
Magnetically Coupled Resonance WPT: Review of Compensation Topologies, Resonator Structures with Misalignment, and EMI Diagnostics

Magnetically coupled resonance wireless power transfer systems (MCR WPT) have been developed in recent years. There are several key benefits of such systems, including dispensing with power cords, being able to charge multiple devices simultaneously, and having a wide power range. Hence, WPT systems have been used to supply the power for many applications, such as electric vehicles (EVs), implantable medical devices (IMDs), consumer electronics, etc. The literature has reported numerous topologies, many structures with misalignment effects, and various standards related to WPT systems; they are usually confusing and difficult to follow. To provide a clearer picture, this paper aims to provide comprehensive classifications for the recent contributions to the current state of MCR WPT. This paper sets a benchmark in order to provide a deep comparison between different WPT systems according to different criteria: (1) compensation topologies; (2) resonator structures with misalignment effects; and, (3) electromagnetic field (EMF) diagnostics and electromagnetic field interference (EMI), including the WPT-related standards and EMI and EMF reduction methods. Finally, WPT systems are arranged according to the application type. In addition, a WPT case study is proposed, an algorithm design is given, and experiments are conducted to validate the results obtained by simulations.
Valoración de la eficacia analgésica del bloqueo facetario lumbar en función de la técnica de imagen utilizada: ecografía frente a fluoroscopia

Objective: In mechanical low back pain due to lumbar facet syndrome, periarticular and intra-articular blocks of the lumbar facet joints as well as nerve Patients and method: A cross-sectional clinical study was conducted during the month of November 2020, analysing the facet blocks performed in the Pain Unit of the Hospital Universitario Clínico de Salamanca between May 2018 and September 2020. The sample analysed consisted of 315 patients, of whom 212 underwent an echo-guided facet block in consultation and 103 were performed under radioscopic control in the operating theatre. The initial pain measurement, prior to the block, was evaluated using the visual analogue scale (initial VAS), as well as the final VAS and the percentage of subjective improvement recorded 15 days after the intervention, assessing the differences according to the imaging technique used for its performance. Results: The final VAS values of the patients who underwent radioscopic block and those who underwent echo-guided block were similar, with a final result of 3.5 (median), as was the percentage of subjective improvement, which was also similar in both groups, reaching 50 %. Conclusions: There are no differences in the analgesic efficacy of the lumbar facet block depending on the imaging technique used for its performance: fluoroscopy-radioscopy or ultrasound.
Simulation and measurement study of metro wheel wear based on the Archard model

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study the wear evolution of metro wheels under the conditions of different track sequences, track composition and vehicle load and then to predict wheel wear and to guide its maintenance.MethodologyBy using the SIMPACK and MATLAB software, numerical simulation analysis of metro wheel wear is carried out based on Hertz theory, the FASTSIM algorithm and the Archard model. First of all, the vehicle dynamics model is established to calculate the motion relationship and external forces of wheel-rail in the SIMPACK software. Then, the normal force of wheel-rail is solved based on Hertz theory, and the tangential force of wheel-rail is calculated based on the FASTSIM algorithm through the MATLAB software. Next, in the MATLAB software, the wheel wear is calculated based on the Archard model, and a new wheel profile is obtained. Finally, the new wheel profile is re-input into the vehicle system dynamics model in the SIMPACK software to carry out cyclic calculation of wear.FindingsThe results show that the setting order of different curves has an obvious influence on wear when the proportion of the straight track and the curve is fixed. With the increase in running mileage, the severe wear zone is shifted from tread to flange root under the condition of the sequence-type track, but the wheel wear distribution is basically stable for the unit-type track, and their wear growth rates become closer. In the tracks with different straight-curved ratio, the more proportion the curved tracks occupy, the closer the severe wear zone is shifted to flange root. At the same time, an increase in weight of the vehicle load will aggravate the wheel wear, but it will not change the distribution of wheel wear. Compared with the measured data of one city B type metro in China, the numerical simulation results of wheel wear are nearly the same with the measured data.Practical implicationsThese results will be helpful for metro tracks planning and can predict the trend of wheel wear, which has significant importance for the vehicle to do the repair operation. At the same time, the security risks of the vehicle are decreased economically and effectively.Originality/valueAt present, many scholars have studied the influence of metro tracks on wheel wear, but mainly focused on a straight line or a certain radius curve and neglected the influence of track sequence and track composition. This study is the first to examine the influence of track sequence on metro wheel wear by comparing the sequence-type track and unit-type track. The results show that the track sequence has a great influence on the wear distribution. At the same time, the influence of track composition on wheel wear is studied by comparing different straight-curve ratio tracks; therefore, wheel wear can be predicted integrally under different track conditions.
Curious Active Contours

We present a region-based boundary detection algorithm for objects that exhibit relatively simple photometric characteristics (e.g.smooth color or gray levels), embedded in complex background clutter. Current meth-ods either frame this problem in Bayesian classiﬁcation terms, where precious modeling resources are expended representing the complex background away from the decision boundary, or use heuristics to limit the search to local regions around the object of interest. We propose an adaptive lookout region, whose size depends on the statistics of the data, that are estimated along with the boundary during the detection process. The result is a “curious” snake that explores the outside of the decision boundary only locally to the extent necessary to achieve a good tradeoﬀ between missed detections and narrowest “lookout” region, drawing inspiration from the literature of minimum-latency set-point change detection and robust statistics.
ĐÁNH GIÁ HỆ THỐNG TUẦN HOÀN BÀNG HỆ NGOÀI GAN TRONG ĐIỀU TRỊ UNG THƯ BIỂU MÔ TẾ BÀO GAN BẰNG NÚT HÓA CHẤT ĐỘNG MẠCH QUA CATHETER

TÓM TẮTUng thư biểu mô tế bào gan (HCC) là một trong những nguyên nhân hàng đầu gây tử vong, xếp thứ 5 ở nam giới và xếp thứ 8 ở nữ giới trong số các ung thư nguyên phát. Tỉ lệ mắc HCC cao nhất được thấy ở châu Phi khu vực cận Sahara, Đông Á, Đông Nam Á. Tính chung trên toàn thế giới, tại các nước đang phát triển, tỉ lệ mắc trong 100.000 dân đối với nam giới là 17,43, đối với nữ giới là 6,77. Tại các nước phát triển, tỉ lệ này tương ứng là 8,71 và 2,86 [2],[6]. Việc điều trị HCC hiện nay vẫn còn là thách thức đối với y học đương đại. Đối với HCC giai đoạn sớm, phẫu thuật cắt gan, ghép gan và đốt sóng cao tần là các phương pháp điều trị triệt để, có tỉ lệ sống 5 năm đạt 50-70% [18]. Nhưng trong thực tiễn, tỉ lệ HCC được phát hiện chủ yếu ở giai đoạn tiến triển, không thể phẫu thuật (nonresectable). Đối với HCC giai đoạn tiến triển, không thể phẫu thuật, thì nút động mạch gan qua catheter (TACE) kết hợp với truyền hóa chất tại chỗ qua catheter là là phương pháp điều trị hỗ trợ hiệu quả nhất hiện nay, giúp kéo dài thời gian sống cho người bệnh [19],[20]. Hiệu quả nút mạch sẽ giảm đi rõ rệt nếu không gây tắc được tất cả các nguồn cấp máu cho khối u [13],[19]. Trong thực tế lâm sàng, nhiều khối ung thư gan còn được cấp máu từ các hệ ĐM khác ngoài hệ ĐM gan. Việc nhận biết được các nguồn cấp máu cho khối u từ ngoài hệ động mạch gan là rất cần thiết để đảm bảo cho hiệu quả nút mạch cũng như tránh được những biến chứng có thể xảy ra do các vòng bàng hệ.
MAPA DE SISMICIDAD Y CARACTERIZACIÓN DE FUENTES SISMOGÉNICAS GENERADORAS DE TSUNAMIS EN BAHÍA DE OCOA, REPÚBLICA DOMINICANA

La Bahía de Ocoa se encuentra expuesta a la ocurrencia de eventos sísmicos generadores de tsunamis, eventos que han ocurrido en el pasado, como el del 18 de octubre de 1751 y el del 11 de mayo de 1910 lo que constituye claros ejemplos del potencial destructivo de los eventos tsunamigénicos que pueden ocurrir en el área de estudio. En años recientes se ha incrementado el crecimiento económico de la región como resultado de la exploración de hidrocarburos, actividad minera, así como la actividad turística, entre otros, lo cual ha ocasionado el aumento de la población y el incremento en la infraestructura de servicios, transporte, energía, etc.; lo cual origina una concentración de activos expuestos a la ocurrencia de un evento tsunamigénico con el potencial de ocasionar daños severos. Ante este escenario, es indispensable la identificación de las zonas de peligro por inundación ante la ocurrencia de tsunamis que potencialmente puedan ocurrir, lo cual es posible representar a partir de mapas de peligro de inundación por tsunami para diferentes periodos de retorno, así como para eventos que potencialmente puedan ocurrir en el área de estudio o ante la simulación de un evento con características históricas excepcionales. Para la identificación de las zonas potencialmente peligrosas se seleccionaron datos sísmicos del área para la elaboración de un modelo de amenaza sísmico local. En base a este modelo se creó un catálogo sísmico de la zona de estudio y se caracterizaron las fuentes sísmicas generadoras de tsunamis. Asimismo, se presentó un mapa de la sismicidad distribuida de Bahía de Ocoa, considerando las estructuras geológicas y la tectónica local.
Predicting Human Location Using Correlated Movements

This paper aims at estimating the current location, or predicting the next location, of a person when the recent location sequence of that person is unknown. Inspired by the fact that the behavior of an individual is greatly related to other people, a two-phase framework is proposed, which first finds persons who have highly correlated movements with a person-of-interest, then estimates the person’s location based on the position information for selected persons. For the first phase, we propose two methods: community interaction similarity-based (CISB) and behavioral similarity-based (BSB). The CISB method finds persons who have similar encounters with other members in the entire community. In the BSB method, members are selected if they show similar behavioral patterns with a given person, even though there are no direct encounters or evident co-locations between them. For the second phase, a neural network is considered in order to develop the prediction model based on the selected members. Evaluation results show that the proposed prediction model under the BSB scheme outperforms other methods, achieving top-1 accuracy of 71.13% and 69.36% for estimations of current and next locations, respectively, with the MIT dataset and 92.31% and 92.03% in case of the Dartmouth dataset.
QEGWO: Energy-Efficient Clustering Approach for Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks Using Quantum-Related Bioinspired Optimization

Compared with conventional wireless sensor networks (WSNs), industrial WSNs (IWSNs) have stricter requirements in real-time data transmission, energy consumption, and energy uniformity. To fulfill these requirements, a new energy-efficient clustering approach using quantum-related bioinspired optimization, i.e., quantum elite gray wolf optimization (QEGWO), is proposed to improve the performance of IWSNs. Innovatively, a new quantum operator, including quantum probability amplitude, quantum rotation gate, and quantum NOT gate, is designed in QEGWO to enhance its global search capability. This quantum operator need not query the quantum rotation angle table in updating quantum probability amplitude with the quantum rotation gate, which reduces the computational complexity of introducing quantum optimization into the clustering problem of IWSNs. Moreover, to enhance the convergence performance of the clustering algorithm, a multielite strategy is proposed to preserve the historical optimal individuals generated in the iterative process by establishing a dynamic elite pool. Compared with the state-of-the-art clustering approaches, extensive simulations in four different scenarios are carried out, and the results demonstrate that the proposed QEGWO outperforms other comparison approaches in delay, energy consumption, and energy uniformity.
Utilizing the Gastrointestinal Microbiota to Modulate Cattle Health through the Microbiome-Gut-Organ Axes

The microorganisms inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of ruminants have a mutualistic relationship with the host that influences the efficiency and health of the ruminants. The GIT microbiota interacts with the host immune system to influence not only the GIT, but other organs in the body as well. The objective of this review is to highlight the importance of the role the gastrointestinal microbiota plays in modulating the health of a host through communication with different organs in the body through the microbiome-gut-organ axes. Among other things, the GIT microbiota produces metabolites for the host and prevents the colonization of pathogens. In order to prevent dysbiosis of the GIT microbiota, gut microbial therapies can be utilized to re-introduce beneficial bacteria and regain homeostasis within the rumen environment and promote gastrointestinal health. Additionally, controlling GIT dysbiosis can aid the immune system in preventing disfunction in other organ systems in the body through the microbiome-gut-brain axis, the microbiome-gut-lung axis, the microbiome-gut-mammary axis, and the microbiome-gut-reproductive axis.
Las vicuñas como problema de gobierno. Gubernamentalidad ambiental a múltiples niveles y disputas por el modelo de aprovechamiento de la especie

En el artículo se analiza la emergencia y configuración de la vicuña como problema de gobierno y la producción de instituciones y dispositivos de regulación a múltiples niveles, desde la década de 1960 a la actualidad, focalizando en Argentina, como nivel nacional de gobierno, y en la provincia de Jujuy, como subnacional. Entre los resultados destaca el papel desempeñado por expertos/as que adhieren al paradigma del desarrollo sustentable e impulsan un modelo de conservación y aprovechamiento de la especie basado en el manejo en silvestría y en beneficio del poblador andino. A través de circular por diferentes ámbitos institucionales a distintas escalas, revistiendo diversos papeles, han conseguido disputar, institucionalizar y vigilar la implementación de ese modelo en oposición a otros que promueven un manejo pecuario con participación de empresas textiles.