Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Justice Reframed? A Comparative Critical Discourse Analysis of Twitter Campaigns and Print Media Discourse on Two High-Profile Sexual Assault Verdicts in Ireland and Spain

ABSTRACT Analyses of media discourses on judicial verdicts in sexual violence cases offer critical insight into how this topic is mediated. This study explores post-verdict mainstream and social media reaction to two high-profile verdicts in sexual assault cases in Ireland and Spain: #IBelieveHer, launched in March 2018 following the acquittal of four men accused of rape in Belfast, and #YoTeCreo which coalesced online after five men were given a lesser sentence for sexual abuse in Pamplona in April 2018. This study first identifies the stance taken by mainstream media where verdicts were contrary to “popular” opinion. Secondly, it analyses dominant hashtags that emerged on Twitter following both verdicts. Finally, it traces similarities and differences in discourse patterns identified on mainstream and social media platforms across both countries. For analysis, we employed a Critical Discourse Analysis-based theoretical framework (e.g.,KhosraviNik 2017, “Social Media Critical Discourse Studies (SM-CDS). ” In Handbook of Critical Discourse Analysis, 582–596) with resources from Framing Analysis (e.g.,Goffman 1974, Frame Analysis: An Essay on the Organization of Experience. Vancouver: Harvard University Press) for methodological purposes. Findings suggest Spanish print media contained greater debate around legal understandings of sexual violence while the Spanish Twitter campaign was outward-oriented and explicitly feminist. #IBelieveHer displayed a narrower focus, with the “celebrity” dimension to this case contributing to a personalised, less nuanced, discourse on social and print media and more polarised discussion.
Site Amplification at High Spatial Resolution from Combined Ambient Noise and Earthquake Recordings in Sion, Switzerland

Earthquake site effects have a major impact on the seismic hazard. However, evaluating the site response over a broad frequency range and with a high spatial resolution remains difficult. Therefore, there is a high demand from the engineering seismology community in having cost-effective and reliable approaches to evaluate the site response. Empirical site effect assessment has shown good reliability up to high frequencies but relies on earthquake recordings that require long station deployments. In contrast, seismic ambient noise can be rapidly recorded anywhere at any time. The hybrid standard spectral ratio (SSRh) combines both the spectral ratio from earthquake recordings at a few sites and the spectral ratio from ambient noise recordings at many sites from short duration deployments. The objective of our study is to evaluate the applicability of the SSRh to a large urban area. Our studied area is the Rhône valley around the city of Sion (Switzerland), which is prone to complex 2D and 3D site effects in a broad frequency range caused by the soft, thick, and variable sedimentary deposit of the Rhône river. We benefit from four permanent and five long-term seismic stations present in the area, and we performed 299 short ambient noise measurements on a regular 300 m side grid. At the permanent stations, we find good agreement between the SSRh and the empirical amplification function estimates using earthquake observations, and we observe a good stability of the SSRh over time, frequency, and space, despite the strong variability of the ambient noise. Based on that, we estimate the SSRh for every ambient noise recording point in the area to compute a high-resolution amplification model and subsequently a site-specific seismic hazard model for the Sion area. Our models are in good agreement with the geological information.
Selection of tomato breeding lines based on morphological traits associated with high yield potential in double-cross population

Abstract. Anisa WN, Afifah EN, Murti RH. 2022. Selection of tomato breeding lines based on morphological traits associated with high yield potential in double-cross population. Biodiversitas 23: 2973-2980. Low tomato production is a global problem. Plant breeding has been intensified to develop high-yield varieties and meet the high production of vegetable crops. Selection is an essential part of plant breeding to evaluate desirable traits of breeding lines. This study aimed to identify tomato breeding lines with high yield potential from 13 breeding lines and 2 commercial tomatoes. Collected data were analyzed using analysis of variance, post hoc, path, and principal component analysis. Results showed that 9 tomato lines, namely, BV-1, BV-2, BV-3, BV-6, BV-7, BV-9, BV-11, BV-12, and BV-13 had a high yield potential based on the number of fruits per plant and fruit weight. Given their high path coefficient value and significant correlation (P<0.05) with the yield potential, these two characteristics are highly recommended to be used as selection criteria for the high yield potential of tomato plants. The following characteristics had a high value of heritability: fruit weight, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit firmness, fruit locules, fruit pericarp thickness, total soluble solid, number of flowers per bunch, number of fruits per bunch, number of fruits per plant, and harvesting age.
A new, broadly distributed species of predacious mites, Neoseiulus neoagrestis sp. nov., (Acari: Phytoseiidae) discovered through GenBank data mining and extensive morphological analyses

Abstract A new species of phytoseiid mites, Neoseiulus neoagrestis sp. nov., was described based on all ontogenetic stages and extensive comparison with types/vouchers of closely related species and a thorough analysis of GenBank data. Mite specimens were collected in an area at the eastern coast of the Black Sea of Russia and cultured. Molecular barcoding revealed a close match (100–99.25%) with several unidentified COX1 sequences from Canada. Both Canadian and Russian mites reproduced sexually and had consistent morphology, including the presence of gd2 gland pores, indicating that they belong to a single species, N. neoagrestis sp. nov. The presence of gd2 gland pores distinguishes N. neoagrestis sp. nov. from a closely related, parthenogenetic species N. agrestis (Karg), which lacks gd2 gland pores. Despite having an arguably negligible morphological difference, these two species were clearly distinct by COX1 sequences (19.95–22.01% K2P distances). We studied the ontogeny of N. neoagrestis sp. nov. and provided comparison with related Neoseiulus species. Furthermore, our examination of types of N. agrestis, N. salish, and N. striatus indicated that the latter two species are potential junior synonyms of N. agrestis.
Central invariants and enveloping algebras of braided Hom-Lie algebras

Let (H,? ) be a monoidal Hom-Hopf algebra and HH HYD the Hom-Yetter-Drinfeld category over (H,? ). Then in this paper, we first introduce the definition of braided Hom-Lie algebras and show that each monoidal Hom-algebra in HH HYD gives rise to a braided Hom-Lie algebra. Second, we prove that if (A,? ) is a sum of two H-commutative monoidal Hom-subalgebras, then the commutator Hom-ideal [A,A] of A is nilpotent. Also, we study the central invariant of braided Hom-Lie algebras as a generalization of generalized Lie algebras. Finally, we obtain a construction of the enveloping algebras of braided Hom-Lie algebras and show that the enveloping algebras are H-cocommutative Hom-Hopf algebras.
Large-Eddy Simulation of Jet in Supersonic Crossflow with Different Injectant Species

Nomenclature C = molar concentration, mol=m cp;k = specific heat at constant pressure for species k, J= kg K D = injector diameter, m Dk = diffusion coefficient for species k, m =s E = total energy per unit mass, J=kg f = frequency, 1=s H = total enthalpy per unit mass, J=kg h = enthalpy per unit mass, J=kg hk = enthalpy per unit mass for species k, J=kg H j = subgrid-scale total enthalpy flux vector, J= m s h = subgrid-scale species mass fraction-enthalpy correlation, J=kg J = jet-to-crossflow momentum flux ratio k = turbulent kinetic energy, m=s k = subgrid-scale kinetic energy, m=s M = Mach number m = mass flow rate, kg=s Mw = molecular weight, kg=mol p = static pressure, Pa Prt = turbulent Prandtl number pt = total pressure, Pa qj = heat flux vector, J= m s q j = subgrid-scale energy diffusion due to species diffusion, J= m s R = mixture’s gas constant, J= kg K Rk = gas constant for species k, J= kg K ReD = Reynolds number based on D rs = spatial correlation coefficient rts = time–space correlation coefficient Sij = rate of strain tensor, 1=s Sct = turbulent Schmidt number T = static temperature, K t = time, s Tt = total temperature, K T = subgrid-scale mixture gas constant-temperature correlation, J=kg T = reference temperature, K U = velocity magnitude, m=s u, v, w = velocity components in x, y, and z directions, m=s Uc = convection velocity, m=s ui = velocity component in xi direction, m=s Vj;k = species diffusion velocity vector for species k, m=s x, y, z = streamwise, transverse, and spanwise direction distances in Cartesian coordinates, m xi = Cartesian coordinates, m Yk = mass fraction for species k Y j;k = subgrid-scale species diffusion vector, kg= m s = specific heat ratio hf;k = standard heat of formation at T , J=kg in = mean boundary-layer thickness at inlet, m m = mixing efficiency sgs j;k = subgrid-scale species mass fraction-diffusion velocity correlation, kg= m s = mixture’s thermal conductivity, J= m K s = mixture’s molecular viscosity, kg= m s t = subgrid-scale eddy viscosity, m =s = density, kg=m ij = viscous stress tensor, Pa sgs j = subgrid-scale viscous work, J= m s sgs ij = subgrid-scale stress tensor, Pa ’ = local equivalence ratio
Universals of sound change in Nasalization

List of Figures. List of Tables. Note on Transcription and Abbreviations. 1. Sound Change and Language Universals, Representations and Models of Change. 2. The Data Base and Language Sampling, Methodological Issues and Background. 3. Distinctive Vowel Nasalization and Rule Ordering. 4. Universal Features of Vowel Nasalization and N--Deletion: The Effect of Vowel Length, Stress and the Foot. 5. Vowel Height, Vowel Quality and the Development of Distinctive Nasalization. 6. Contextual Ordering of Distinctive Nasalization. 7. Historical Development of Nasal Consonants and the Effect of N Place on Distinctive Nasalization. 8. N--Deletion, Its Manner and Its Motivation. 9. Results and Conclusions. Notes. Bibliography. Index.
A following sibilant increases the ambiguity of a sibilant continuum

We examined the effect of three following contexts: /s/, /∫/, and vowel, on the categorization of a /s/-/∫/ continuum. Unlike previous findings of a shift in category boundary due to context (Mann & Repp, 1980), we found that in the context of a following sibilant, listeners found the target sibilant to be more ambiguous (shallower categorization slopes and responses closer to chance) than when followed by a vowel (p < 0.001). There was also a tendency for the /∫/ context (which affects pronunciation) to create more ambiguity than the /s/ context (which does not) (p = 0.057). On half of the trials, participants heard the following context as part of the same syntactic phrase as the target (e.g. "Whenever they fra? Shelly gets upset") and on half heard it was part of a different phrase (e.g. "Whenever they fra? Shelly, John gets upset"). Pronunciation usually is more affected when target and context are in the same phrase (Holst & Nolan, 1995). Listeners tended to perceive target sibilants as more ambiguous when the following sibilant was part of the same phrase (p = 0.01) suggesting a role for top-down knowledge in interpreting segmental information.
Representation Deficiency in Masked Language Modeling

Masked Language Modeling (MLM) has been one of the most prominent approaches for pretraining bidirectional text encoders due to its simplicity and effectiveness. One notable concern about MLM is that the special $\texttt{[MASK]}$ symbol causes a discrepancy between pretraining data and downstream data as it is present only in pretraining but not in fine-tuning. In this work, we offer a new perspective on the consequence of such a discrepancy: We demonstrate empirically and theoretically that MLM pretraining allocates some model dimensions exclusively for representing $\texttt{[MASK]}$ tokens, resulting in a representation deficiency for real tokens and limiting the pretrained model's expressiveness when it is adapted to downstream data without $\texttt{[MASK]}$ tokens. Motivated by the identified issue, we propose MAE-LM, which pretrains the Masked Autoencoder architecture with MLM where $\texttt{[MASK]}$ tokens are excluded from the encoder. Empirically, we show that MAE-LM improves the utilization of model dimensions for real token representations, and MAE-LM consistently outperforms MLM-pretrained models across different pretraining settings and model sizes when fine-tuned on the GLUE and SQuAD benchmarks.
Universality of Taylor Series as a Generic Property of Holomorphic Functions

For every pair of Lebesgue measurable functions h, g: [0, 2? ] [& , + ] there exists an increasing sequence *n # [1, 2, 3, . ] such that Re S*n (e ) h(%) and Im S*n (e ) g(%), as n + , almost everywhere. Such trigonometric series are called universal trigonometric series [17, 2]. In 1970 [14] Luh proved the existence of universal Taylor series with respect to summability matrices. For f0 (z)= &=0 a&z & we write S& (z)= k=0 akz . Luh considers triangular matrices A=(ank) n, k=0 , ank # C, ank=0 for k>n satisfying the two conditions
A Tenant-based Two-stage Approach to Auditing the Integrity of Virtual Network Function Chains Hosted on Third-Party Clouds

There is a growing trend of hosting chains of Virtual Network Functions (VNFs) on third-party clouds for more cost-effective deployment. However, the multi-actor nature of such a deployment may allow a mismatch to silently arise between tenant-level specifications of VNF chains and their cloud provider-level deployment. Most existing auditing approaches would face difficulties in identifying such an integrity breach. First, relying on the cloud provider may not be sufficient, since modifications made by a stealthy attacker may seem legitimate to the provider. Second, the tenant cannot directly perform the auditing due to limited access to the provider-level data. In addition, shipping such data to the tenant would incur prohibitive overhead and confidentiality concerns. In this paper, we design a tenant-based, two-stage solution where the first stage leverages tenant-level side-channel information to identify suspected integrity breaches, and then the second stage automatically identifies and anonymizes selected provider-level data for the tenant to verify the suspected breaches from the first stage. The key advantages of our solution are: (i) the first stage gives tenants more control and transparency (with the capability of identifying integrity breaches without the provider's assistance), and (ii) the second stage provides tenants higher accuracy (with the capability of rigorous verification based on provider-level data). Our solution is integrated into OpenStack/Tacker (a popular choice for NFV deployment), and its effectiveness is demonstrated via experiments (e.g., up to 90% accuracy with the first stage alone).
E. Cartan’s and A. Connnes’ Supersymmetry and Differences of Understanding Physical Phenomena

Einstein claimed that one cannot define global time, and proposed defining local time additionally. Such approach was adopted also by E. Cartan, in which fermions are described by spinors with 16 bases and interact with vectors with 8 bases, that consists of a couple of 4 dimensional vectors xi (i = 1, ···, 4) and xi (i = 1, ···, 4). In Cartan’s theory, spinors and vectors transform by super symmetric transformations G23, G12, G13, G123 and G132 and bases of fermion spinors consist of ξ0,ξi (i = 1, ···, 4), ξ1234, ξ234, ξ134, ξ124, ξ123 and ξi,j (i /= j ∈{1,2,3,4}). Except G23, the transformations mix spinors and vectors, and operations of G23 on spinors contain G23 ξ4 = ξ0 and G23 ξ123 = ξ1234, and operations of G23 on vectors contain G23x4 = −x4' and G23 x4'= −x4. Therefore, there are 14 independent spinor bases and 7 independent vector bases, which corresponds to the number of bases of the G2 symmetry. From the bases of non-commutative geometry, Connes took two fibers from a point of S basis, and on top of fibers allowed two times propagate following von Neumann algebra, but evolution of the system was assumed to be defined by one-parameter group of transformation. Steenrod stated that the S symmetry can be regarded as S symmetry covered over S symmetry, which allows decomposition of S × R → (S × R) × (S × R). We assume there is a space-time representation by an algebra C(V) of smooth function and matrix algebra Mnand transformations A are expressed as A = C(V ) Mn. In order to make total momentum space to remain 4 dimensional, the group of A becomes SO(3 + n −1,1)  SO(3,1) × SOn−1 in Minkowski space. We choose n = 3 and construct SO8 on R  R. We apply this model to understanding experimentally observed CP violation in p → t or b and in pp → (H →b ) + ll +jets and Time Reversal Based Nonlinear Elastic Wave Spectroscopy (TR-NEWS) method.
UniT: A Unified Look at Certified Robust Training against Text Adversarial Perturbation

Recent years have witnessed a surge of certified robust training pipelines against text adversarial perturbation constructed by synonym substitutions. Given a base model, existing pipelines provide prediction certificates either in the discrete word space or the continuous latent space. However, they are isolated from each other with a structural gap. We observe that existing training frameworks need unification to provide stronger certified robustness. Additionally, they mainly focus on building the certification process but neglect to improve the robustness of the base model. To mitigate the aforementioned limitations, we propose a unified framework named UniT that enables us to train flexibly in either fashion by working in the word embedding space. It can provide a stronger robustness guarantee obtained directly from the word embedding space without extra modules. In addition, we introduce the decoupled regularization (DR) loss to improve the robustness of the base model, which includes two separate robustness regularization terms for the feature extraction and classifier modules. Experimental results on widely used text classification datasets further demonstrate the effectiveness of the designed unified framework and the proposed DR loss for improving the certified robust accuracy. †
Psychiatric effects of traumatic brain injury events in Cambodian survivors of mass violence

Background The prevalence of brain injury and its effects in populations exposed to war violence has not been studied in recent years. Aims To examine the association between traumatic brain injury events and psychiatric symptoms of major depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in Cambodian survivors of mass violence. Method The population comprised a multi-stage random sample of Cambodian refugees livingin a Thai refugee camp. The main results analysed the relationship between six categories of trauma events and psychiatric symptoms of depression and PTSD during two time periods. Results Almost 15 000 trauma events were reported (n=13481, Pol Pot period; n=1249, past year). Traumatic brain injury was most common in the highly educated and in individuals with the highest levels of cumulative trauma. Of all trauma categories, traumatic brain injury revealed the strongest association with symptoms of depression, and a weaker association with PTSD. Brain injury represented 4% of the total number of traumatic events for both time periods, contributing 20% of the total symptom score for depression and 8% of that for PTSD. Conclusions Clinical identification and treatment of traumatic brain injuries in highly traumatised populations must be maintained in order to develop a new public health model for their treatment.
Adaptive Super Resolution for One-Shot Talking-Head Generation

The one-shot talking-head generation learns to synthesize a talking-head video with one source portrait image under the driving of same or different identity video. Usually these methods require plane-based pixel transformations via Jacobin matrices or facial image warps for novel poses generation. The constraints of using a single image source and pixel displacements often compromise the clarity of the synthesized images. Some methods try to improve the quality of synthesized videos by introducing additional super-resolution modules, but this will undoubtedly increase computational consumption and destroy the original data distribution. In this work, we propose an adaptive high-quality talking-head video generation method, which synthesizes high-resolution video without additional pre-trained modules. Specifically, inspired by existing super-resolution methods, we down-sample the one-shot source image, and then adaptively reconstruct high-frequency details via an encoder-decoder module, resulting in enhanced video clarity. Our method consistently improves the quality of generated videos through a straightforward yet effective strategy, substantiated by quantitative and qualitative evaluations. The code and demo video are available on: \url{https://github.com/Songluchuan/AdaSR-TalkingHead/}.
MP3 and AAC Explained

The proliferation of MPEG coded audio material on the Internet has shown an exponential growth since 1995, making ”. mp3” the most searched for term in early 1999 (according to http://www.searchterms.com). ”MP3” has been featured in numerous articles in newspapers and periodicals and on TV, mostly on the business pages because of the potential impact on the recording industry. While everybody is using MP3, not many (including some of the software authors writing MP3 encoders, decoders or associated tools) know the history and the details of MPEG audio coding. This paper explains the basic technology and some of the special features of MPEG1/2 Layer-3 (aka MP3). It also sheds some light on the factors determining the quality of compressed audio and what can be done wrong in MPEG encoding and decoding.
Nation-wide synthetic reconstruction method

In this paper, we improve a synthetic reconstruction (SR) method without samples to synthesize population of a whole nation by modifying a generation method of the initial population. We modify our Simulated Annealing-based household reconstruction method in three points to reconstruct populations of all prefectures in Japan. We consider more members in each household, the number of males and females in households of “couple, children and a grandparent,” and parents of husband and wife in “couples and parents (or a parent)”. From the reconstruction results, we can see that parents of both husband and wife should be considered. We can also see that considering the statistics on “unmarried male or female” or the statistics on the number of children in “couple, children and grandparents” is useful in determining the number of male and female in “couple, children and a grandparent. ”.