Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The genome of the medicinal plant Andrographis paniculata The genome of the medicinal plant Andrographis paniculata provides insight into the biosynthesis of the bioactive diterpenoid provides insight into the biosynthesis of the bioactive diterpenoid neoandrographolide neoandrographolide

Abstract Andrographis paniculata is a herbaceous dicot plant widely used for its anti ‐ inflammatory and anti ‐ viral properties across its distribution in China, India and other Southeast Asian countries. A. paniculata was used as a crucial therapeutic treatment during the influenza epidemic of 1919 in India, and is still used for the treatment of infectious disease in China. A. paniculata produces large quantities of the anti ‐ inflammatory diterpenoid lactones andrographolide and neoandrographolide, and their analogs, which are touted to be the next generation of natural anti ‐ inflammatory medicines for lung diseases, hepatitis, neurodegenerative disorders, autoimmune disorders and inflammatory skin diseases. Here, we report a chromosome ‐ scale A. paniculata genome sequence of 269 Mb that was assembled by Illumina short reads, PacBio long reads and high ‐ confidence (Hi ‐ C) data. Gene annotation predicted 25 428 protein ‐ coding genes. In order to decipher the genetic underpinning of diterpenoid biosynthesis, transcriptome data from seedlings elicited with methyl jasmonate were also obtained, which enabled the identification of genes encoding diterpenoid synthases, cytochrome P450 monooxygenases, 2 ‐ oxoglutarate ‐ dependent dioxygenases and UDP ‐ dependent glycosyltransferases potentially involved in diterpenoid lactone biosynthesis. We further carried out functional characterization of pairs of class ‐ I and ‐ II diterpene synthases, revealing the ability to produce diversified labdane ‐ related diterpene scaffolds. In addition, a glycosyltransferase able to catalyze O ‐ linked glucosylation of andrograpanin, yielding the major active product neoandrographolide, was also identified. Thus, our results demonstrate the utility of the combined genomic and transcriptomic data set generated here for the investigation of the production of the bioactive diterpenoid lactone constituents of the important medicinal herb A. paniculata. a chromosome-scale paniculata genome sequence of assembled short reads, PacBio long reads and Hi-C Gene annotation predicted 25,428 protein-coding genes. decipher the genetic underpinning of diterpenoid pairs of classes I and II diterpene synthases, revealing the ability to produce diversified labdane-related diterpene scaffolds. In addition, a glycosyltransferase able to catalyze O-linked glucosylation of andrograpanin, yielding the major active product neoandrographolide, was identified as well. Thus, our results demonstrate the utility of the combined genomic and transcriptomic dataset generated here for investigation of the production of the bioactive diterpenoid lactone constituents of the important medicinal herb A. paniculata .
Left Impella V R -device as bridge from cardiogenic shock with acute, severe mitral regurgitation to MitraClip V R -procedure: a new option for critically ill patients

Aims Patients presenting with cardiogenic shock (CS) related to acute, severe mitral regurgitation (MR) are often considered too ill for immediate surgical intervention. Therefore, other less invasive techniques for haemodynamic stabilization should be explored. The purpose of this exploratory study was to investigate the feasibility and outcomes in patients with CS due to severe MR by using a novel approach combining haemodynamic stabilization with left Impella-support plus MR-reduction using MitraClip V R . sub study of 98 patients of the SHOCK-trial (Should we use Coronaries in cardiogenic shock)
Outcomes of Metformin on Lipid Profile of Type II Diabetes Mellitus Cases in Tertiary Care Hospital

Background: Metformin acts mainly at the liver by reducing glucose output and secondarily, by augmenting glucose uptake in the peripheral tissues, primarily muscle. These effects are facilitated by the activation of an upstream kinase, liver kinase B1 (LKB-1), which in turn controls the downstream kinase adenosine monophosphates protein kinase (AMPK). AMPK phosphorylates a transcriptional co-activator, transducer of regulated CREB protein 2, resulting in its inactivation which consequently down regulates transcriptional events that promote synthesis of gluconeogenic enzymes. Methods: 200 total numbers of cases were included of diabetic mellitus who received 1500mg/day metformin. The duration of study was one year. Results: It is observed that there is decrease in fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, LDL- C and TGs. HDL-C levels were increased significantly after treatment. Conclusions : Therefore, the findings of the present study concluded that metformin used in diabetic treatment improves lipid profile. higher probability to have an LDL as well as 12.6 times higher probability to have hyperinsulinemia in overweight subjects. 3 Results suggest that the fatty tissue is solely related to risk factors, such as insulin resistance syndrome, which can lead to cardiovascular complications. 4 It is most commonly characterized by elevated TG and reduced HDL-C in type 2 diabetic patients. 5 These abnormalities can be present alone or in combination with other metabolic disorders. prevalence dyslipidemia varies depending on the geographic and socioeconomic ABSTRACT
Divide and Conquer Revisited. Application to Graph Algorithms

Divide-and-conquer is a seminal paradigm of computer science that can be summarised as divide the problem into subproblems, conquer (solve) the subproblem and combine the partial solutions. With-out any speci(cid:12)c assumptions on the size of the subproblems, it enables to design quadratic time worst case bound algorithms. Well-known algorithms (e.g. median search [3]) propose to minimise the recursive computation in order to yield linear time. Up to our knowledge, no known method proposes to cut down the divide-and-combine part. This paper show that doing so quadratic time can also be improved. As an example of application, the Common Connected Problem is considered (a problem arising from computational biology [2]). Given a pair of graphs G 1 and G 2 on the same vertex set V , it consists of (cid:12)nding the coarsest partition of V such that each part induces a connected subgraph of both G 1 and G 2 . Using a divide-and-conquer approach, we propose a generic algorithm that, depending on the data-structure, can be used as well for arbitrary graphs, interval graphs and planar graphs. This al-gorithm equals the best known complexity bounds for the two former cases [6, 8] and improves the planar case by a log n factor.
an Analogous Fashion Bind the Complement Inhibitor Factor H in Related Immune Evasion Molecules That Pneumococcal Hic Proteins Are Structurally and b The Group B Streptococcal

Complement evasion by different mechanisms is important for microbial virulence and survival in the host. One strategy used by pathogenic bacteria is to bind the soluble complement inhibitor factor H (fH) to their surfaces. In group B streptococci and pneumococci, fH binding has been shown to be mediated by the surface proteins (cid:1) and Hic, respectively. We showed previously that Hic binds to the middle region of fH and protects the pneumococcus from opsonophagocytosis. As the (cid:1) protein and Hic are structurally closely related, we wanted to compare the fH binding characteristics of these two proteins. By using direct binding assays with radiolabeled proteins and surface plasmon resonance analysis we show that both (cid:1) and Hic bind to the short consensus repeats 8–11 and 12–14 in the middle region of fH. Peptide mapping analysis suggested that the fH-binding sites on (cid:1) and Hic were composed of discontinuous and partially homologous sequences. Thus, the bacterial virulence proteins use multiple binding sites on fH to secure high avidity. Also, the functionally active sites on fH are thereby left free to inhibit C3b deposition and opsonophagocytosis. These results reveal the evolutionary conservation of an analogous immune evasion strategy in different types of pathogenic streptococci. Importantly, the respective virulence factors could be exploited in the development of protein-based vaccines against these pathogens. The Journal of Immunology, 2004, 172: 3111–3118. evade C attack and Group B (cid:1) -hemolytic streptococci Streptococcus endoglycosidase H
Studies On Nonlinear Electromechanical Behavior Of Piezoelectric Materials Using Finite Element Modeling

: The main goal of this paper consists in the modeling of nonlinear behavior of piezoelectric materials within a non linear finite element setting. The model accounts for differently oriented grains. Uni-axial, quasi-static loading is applied in the simulations. The reduction in free energy of a grain is used as a criterion for the domain switching process. Averaging over all individual grains renders the macroscopic response of the bulk material. Intergranular effects, which are essential for realistic simulations, are phenomenologically captured via a probabilistic approach. In particular, averaged electric displacement versus electric field curves and electric displacement versus strain are plotted and compared with experimental data reported in the literature.
JAK/STAT Signaling Pathway and Inhibitors in Inflammatory and Neoplasmatic Skin Diseases

Novel therapeutic targets have been unraveled during the past years and one major target is the JAK/STAT pathway, which is involved in processes such as immunity, cell division, cell death and tumour formation. Since the role of the JAK/STAT pathway has been investigated in several aspects of human diseases, it is of great importance to understand the molecular mechanisms of JAK/STAT that implicated in inflammatory and neoplasmatic skin diseases and to target this signaling pathway for therapeutic purposes. In this review, the scientific literature has been evaluated in order to well define the mechanisms behind the inflammatory (atopic dermatitis, psoriasis) and neoplasmatic skin disease (cutaneous T-cell lymphoma), the role of the microenvironment and the current use of specific inhibitors in order to block the signaling of this particular pathway targeting better treatment in the future either with the use of new molecules or already known with different drug combinations.
in rabbit models

Background: Peripheral nerve damage can have debilitating consequences. Rabbit sciatic nerve transection models allow the effective evaluation of surgical repair strategies for large nerve gaps. Despite advantages in size, ease of handling, and functional utility, rabbits can suffer from a number of side effects that affect animal welfare and the quality of scientific inquiry. Such side-effects, which include pressure ulcers and traumatic damage to the foot, are primarily a consequence of insensitivity of the distal hindlimb following sciatic nerve injury. In this study, we present a number of methodologies for identifying, treating, and preventing unintended adverse effects in rabbit sciatic nerve injury models. Results: First, we categorize pressure ulcers according to their severity and describe the deployment of a padded bandaging technique to enable ulcer healing. We also introduce a proactive bandaging approach to reduce the likelihood of pressure ulcer formation. Second, we define phenotypes that distinguish between foot injuries resulting from self-mutilation (autotomy) from those caused by incidental traumatic injury secondary to sensorimotor damage. Finally, we detail an effective strategy to reduce the usage of Elizabethan collars; through a gradual weaning protocol, their usefulness in preventing autotomy is retained, while their propensity to impede rabbit grooming and cause abrasion-injury to the neck region is minimized. Conclusions: We suggest that application of these methods offer a practical and systematic approach to avoid adverse side effects associated with rabbit sciatic nerve damage, enabling improved animal welfare and scientific outcomes in a powerful nerve injury model.
Automating the assignment of diagnosis codes to patient encounters using example-based and machine learning techniques.

OBJECTIVE Human classification of diagnoses is a labor intensive process that consumes significant resources. Most medical practices use specially trained medical coders to categorize diagnoses for billing and research purposes. METHODS We have developed an automated coding system designed to assign codes to clinical diagnoses. The system uses the notion of certainty to recommend subsequent processing. Codes with the highest certainty are generated by matching the diagnostic text to frequent examples in a database of 22 million manually coded entries. These code assignments are not subject to subsequent manual review. Codes at a lower certainty level are assigned by matching to previously infrequently coded examples. The least certain codes are generated by a naïve Bayes classifier. The latter two types of codes are subsequently manually reviewed. MEASUREMENTS Standard information retrieval accuracy measurements of precision, recall and f-measure were used. Micro- and macro-averaged results were computed. RESULTS At least 48% of all EMR problem list entries at the Mayo Clinic can be automatically classified with macro-averaged 98.0% precision, 98.3% recall and an f-score of 98.2%. An additional 34% of the entries are classified with macro-averaged 90.1% precision, 95.6% recall and 93.1% f-score. The remaining 18% of the entries are classified with macro-averaged 58.5%. CONCLUSION Over two thirds of all diagnoses are coded automatically with high accuracy. The system has been successfully implemented at the Mayo Clinic, which resulted in a reduction of staff engaged in manual coding from thirty-four coders to seven verifiers.
Dictated by Cognate Peptide Concentration T Cell Effector Activity Is + Antiviral CD8 The Functional Profile of Primary Human

Antiviral CD8 (cid:1) T cells can elaborate at least two effector functions, cytokine production and cytotoxicity. Which effector function is elaborated can determine whether the CD8 (cid:1) T cell response is primarily inﬂammatory (cytokine producing) or antiviral (cytotoxic). In this study we demonstrate that cytotoxicity can be triggered at peptide concentrations 10- to 100-fold less than those required for cytokine production in primary HIV- and CMV-speciﬁc human CD8 (cid:1) T cells. Cytolytic granule exocytosis occurs at peptide concentrations insufﬁcient to cause substantial TCR down-regulation, providing a mechanism by which a CD8 (cid:1) T cell could engage and lyse multiple target cells. TCR sequence analysis of virus-speciﬁc cells shows that individual T cell clones can degranulate or degranulate and produce cytokine depending on the Ag concentration, indicating that response heterogeneity exists within individual CD8 (cid:1) T cell clonotypes. Thus, antiviral CD8 (cid:1) T cell effector function is determined primarily by Ag concentration and is not an inherent characteristic of a virus-speciﬁc CD8 (cid:1) T cell clonotype or the virus to which the response is generated. The inherent ability of viruses to induce high or low Ag states may be the primary determinant of the cytokine vs cytolytic nature of the virus-speciﬁc CD8 (cid:1) T cell response. The Journal of Immunology, 2004, 172: 6407–6417. CD8 (cid:1) T cell response. A virus-speciﬁc CD8 (cid:1) T cell clonotype stimulated with APCs expressing high amounts of Ag elaborates cytokine production and cytolytic function. As a result of increased stimulation, however, surface TCR is down-modulated, and the CD8 (cid:1) T cells enter a refractory period before they can again respond to Ag. Conversely, if the same clonotype of CD8 (cid:1) T cells is stimulated by APCs expressing low amounts of Ag, the CD8 (cid:1) T cells only elaborate cytolytic function. The lower level of activation does not cause surface TCR down-modulation, enabling these cells to respond to Ag repeatedly.
A Clinical Investigation about Horizontal Heterophoria Among Newly Diagnosed Myopia Juveniles in Nanchong District of China

Background: To establish the prevalence and distribution of heterophoria in low myopia juveniles and and provide evidence of myopia prevention and treatment. Methods: Near and distant heterophoria were administered to the patients who were diagnosed of low myopia at their first visit in clinic. Tthe Von Graefe method was performed to test near, distant horizontal heterophoria types and degrees. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS17.0 software. Results: A total of 150 students were participated in this study. Distant and near phoria was detected in 92.67% and 96.00% of the students respectively. exophoria was more common than esophoria(diantant:79.33% vs 13.33%; near:86.67% vs 9.33%, P<0.05), and the mean deviation of diantant and near heterophoria was -1.97△ and -3.91△. There was a statistical difference between the near and distant heterophoria (P<0.05). Conclusions: Most myopia juveniles have different extents of exophoria. Due to the high prevalence of heterophoria in myopia, in the process of refraction, attention should be paid to the examination of binocular visual function parameters such as heterophoria, which is conducive to the issuance of suitable optical correction prescriptions and the reasonable measures for myopia prevention and control. Keywords: Heterophoria, myopia, juvenile school students
Adequacy of Data Sensing Frequency for Mitigation Decision in Drone Firmware

—To ensure a failsafe flight of a drone, adequate mitigation is conducted for accurate detection of the battery discharge level and problematic situations that may cause the drone to fall below a certain level. On one hand, if the mitigation starting time is too late, the drone would fall down before finishing failsafe landing, which is against the safety requirements. On the other hand, if the mitigation starting time is too early, the drone will still have some battery power left when it finishes landing, which is in contradiction to the efficient use of the battery resources. Therefore, in this study, we analyze how the mitigation starting time changes according to the frequency and aim to experimentally discover an adequate level of data sensing frequency. The experiment targets a 3DRobotics product, Pixhawk firmware, which controls a quadcopter, and utilizes a battery model developed mathematically. Experimental results revealed that the mitigation starting time was almost identically maintained for the frequency of certain domains and delayed rapidly for the low-frequency domain. of frequency. For this analysis, we carried out a quasi-experiment using a battery discharge model composed with Matlab. In our experiment, the domain is Pixhawk’s firmware, which controls a quadcopter manufactured by 3DRobotics.
-specific expression of a FM/??/(3-galactosidase fusion gene in transgenic mice

Fragile X syndrome is one of the most common genetic causes of mental retardation, yet the mechanisms controlling expression of the fragile X mental retardation gene FMR1 are poorly understood. To identify sequences regulating FMR1 transcription, transgenic mouse lines were established using a fusion gene consisting of an E.coli (3-galactosidase reporter gene (/acZ) linked to a 2.8 kb fragment spanning the 5-region of FMR1. Five transgenic mouse lines showed lacZ expression in brain, in particular in neurons of the hippocampus and the granular layer of the cerebellum. Expression of the reporter gene was also detected in Leydig cells and spermatogonia in the testis, in many epithelia of adult mice, and in the two other steroidogenic cell types, adrenal cortex cells and ovarian follicle cells. Embryonic tissues which showed strong activity of the reporter gene included the telencephalon, the genital ridge, and the notochord. This expression pattern closely resembles the endogenous one, indicating that the 5' FMR1 gene promoter region
FDTD large‐scale parallel supercomputing and its application to the analysis of radiation characteristics of an antenna mounted on a vehicle

Given the remarkable advances in supercomputers, large‐scale electromagnetic‐field analyses are becoming possible by FDTD parallel computation. In this study, a versatile FDTD parallel computation system is developed by using Fortran90 and the MPI library. The system uses dynamic memory allocation, which provides a more versatile system and more efficient use of memory. Using the system, we analyze, for the first time, the radiation characteristics of an antenna mounted on a realistic vehicle model. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 14: 253–261, 2004.
Frontal activation patterns during Tetris game play and differences between high and low performers: a preliminary functional near-9

37 38 Background: Tetris has recently expanded its place of activity not only 39 to the original entertainment but also to clinical applications such as 40 prevention of trauma flashback. However, to our knowledge, no studies 41 focused on the cortical activation patterns themselves when playing 42 Tetris in a natural form. This study aimed to investigate the activation 43 patterns in the frontal cortex during naturally-performed Tetris for 90 44 seconds in 24 healthy subjects using functional near-infrared 45 spectroscopy robust to artifacts by motion and electric devices. We also 46 calculated the correlations of behavioral data with cortical activations, 47 and compared the differences in activations between the high and low 48 performers of Tetris. 49 Results: The results demonstrated that significant activations in the 50 frontal cortex during Tetris play had two factors, each showing a similar 51 activation pattern. One of the factors was distributed over the lateral 52 prefrontal cortex bilaterally, and the other was localized to the right 53 prefrontal cortex. Moreover, in the high performers, the activations of 54 the areas centered on the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) 55 were estimated to increase and correlations of the activations between 56 those areas and the other areas decrease compared with the low 57 performers. 58 Conclusions: It is suggested that high Tetris performers might reduce 59 functional connectivity between activations of the areas centered on the 60 right DLPFC and the other areas, and increase the local activations 61 compared with low performers. It would be necessary to consider 62 whether its visuospatial cognitive loads stimulate the appropriate areas 63 of the subject’s brain to effectively utilize Tetris play for clinical 64 interventions.