Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High-Frequency Transmission Characteristic Analysis of TSV-RDL Interconnects

With the development of through-silicon vias (TSVs) and redistributed layer (RDL) manufacturing technology, it is applied to high-frequency and high-speed data path interconnection. Compared with traditional direct current (dc) supply, it pays more attention to transmission performance deteriorating at high frequencies. Designs without consideration of the high-frequency effects of TSV and RDL will seriously affect signal integrity (SI) and cause significant performance degradation on high-speed channels. In this article, the frequency-dependent transmission characteristics of the TSV and RDL are investigated. Three test vehicles were designed for frequency-domain measurement and verification. The through–reflect–line (TRL) deembedding process is introduced to obtain the accurate <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${S}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-parameters of the TSV-RDL coplanar waveguide (CPW). Accordingly, an equivalent-circuit model is constructed to study the impact of resistance, inductance, conductance, and capacitance (RLGC) parameters on transmission loss from dc to high frequency up to 40 GHz, which exhibits a good correlation with the measured and deembedded transmission characteristics results. It found that the crucial effect of oxide-layer capacitance (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${C}_{{\text {ox}}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) in the low-frequency range (from 100 kHz to 1 GHz), while conductance and capacitance in silicon (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${C}_{{\text {si}}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${G}_{{\text {si}}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) have a vital impact on the mid-frequency range (from 1 to 10 GHz). In addition, the inductance (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${L}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) component is found to have a dominant impact on the transmission loss in the high-frequency range (from 10 to 40 GHz).
Favorable response of a patient with primary B/myeloid mixed phenotype acute Leukemia to CD19-CAR-T: Case report and literature review

Rationale: Mixed phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL) is a rare and heterogeneous type of leukemia known for its poor prognosis. The optimal treatment strategy for this condition currently lacks consensus, leaving uncertainty in its management. Nonetheless, a potential therapeutic option for patients with refractory MPAL who express target antigens is donor-derived chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy. Patient concerns: We recently reported a 61-year-old woman with MPAL and elucidated its diagnosis and treatment. Diagnosis: The diagnosis of MPAL was established based on the classification of World Health Organization in 2016. Interventions: Despite undergoing 3 different acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) regimens and 1 acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) regimen, the patient did not achieve remission. Subsequently, the patient received human CD19-targeted CAR-T cell therapy. Outcomes: The patient achieved a successful and complete remission after CAR-T cell therapy. Tragically, 8 months after CAR-T infusion, the patient experienced a relapse characterized by CD19-negative disease and ultimately passed away. Lessons: This case underscores the potential efficacy and safety of human-derived CD19 CAR-T cell therapy in treating refractory MPAL. While this particular patient outcome was unfortunate, it suggests that CAR-T cell therapy may still hold promise as a viable treatment option for MPAL patients unresponsive to other therapies. Further research in this field is warranted to determine the most effective treatment strategies for managing this challenging disease.
DNA barcoding sheds light on hidden subterranean boundary between Adriatic and Danubian drainage basins

In principle, the distribution of freshwater fauna follows the extent of drainage basins, but various historical and concurrent factors weaken this correspondence. Subterranean karstic drainages can be particularly baffling as their boundaries are decoupled from the surface relief and change with the level of the karstic groundwater. We explored how the distribution and genetic structure of cave fauna correlate to data obtained by conventional groundwater tracers in the Danubian–Adriatic divide in the classical Karst between Postojna and Trieste. Here, waters from the Pivka Polje drain to either basin, depending on the water level. This ambiguity is reflected by the distribution of several aquatic cave species that disperse from one drainage to the other. However, using DNA barcoding methods, we found a clear‐cut separation between the closely related subterranean aquatic isopods Asellus aquaticus on the Danubian and Asellus kosswigi on the Adriatic side. The boundary between them agrees with the established hydrology at normal water levels. Further phylogeographic and demographic analyses suggest that the superficial concurrent correspondence has a deeper historical component. We inferred that the Adriatic species did not reach its present boundary by recent range dispersal, but rather has remained there as relict from Pleistocene times. Today, dispersal from the lower part of the Adriatic (Reka River) drainage is impossible because of the large altitudinal difference within. These results demonstrate that biological and particularly genetic groundwater tracing have the advantage of being sensitive to both historical and contemporary groundwater connectivity. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Exploration of the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome based on gut microbiota: A review

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex disorde7r influenced by genetic, neuroendocrine, metabolic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. This paper delves into the increasingly recognized role of gut microbiota dysbiosis in the onset and progression of PCOS. Utilizing advances in next-generation sequencing and metabolomics, the research examines the intricate interaction between the gut microbiota and the central nervous system via the gut-brain axis. The paper highlights how disruptions in gut microbiota contribute significantly to PCOS by modulating the release of gut-brain peptides and activating inflammatory pathways. Through such mechanisms, gut microbiota dysbiosis is implicated in hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance, chronic inflammation, and metabolic disorders associated with PCOS. While the relationship between gut microbiota and PCOS has begun to be elucidated, this paper underscores the need for further research to identify specific bacterial strains and their metabolic byproducts as potential therapeutic targets. Therefore, comprehensive studies are urgently needed to understand and fundamentally treat the pathophysiological processes of PCOS, offering valuable insights for future treatment and prevention strategies.
High Dose Gamma Radiation Induced Modifications in Chemical, Electrical and Morphological Properties of PES Polymer

: Polyethersulfones is a high temperature amorphous engineering material with excellent thermal properties and have an ability to retain many mechanical and electrical properties up to 200 o C temperature. We have studied the Chemical, Electrical and Morphological properties of virgin and high dose (500-2000 kGy) γ-irradiated samples of PES polymer. The polymer samples were analysed by using Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometer, with 0.5 wave number resolution in the range (4300-500 cm - 1 ). While comparing the FTIR spectra the increase in the intensity of the characteristic bands may be attributed to breakage of chemical bonds and elimination of low molecular gases due to gamma irradiation. The dielectric studies were carried out by using High Frequency Impedance Analyzer (PSM 1735) over the frequency range of 10 Hz–30 MHz at ambient temperature. In this study it is found that with increase of radiation dose the dielectric constant increases may be due to scissioning of polymer chains and the migration of long lived radicals from crystalline region to amorphous region. The surface morphology of PES polymer was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) using (JEOL, Model No. 3300) operating at 30 kV accelerating voltage. The size of the blisters are found to be increased with the increasing of irradiation dose, may be due to the increasing gas pressure near the top surface of the sample. From the SEM micrographic, significant changes observed only when the micrographs of gamma irradiated PES polymer samples are compared with the virgin sample.
Date de naissance et ligue nationale de Hockey. Analyses en fonction de différents paramètres

Au hockey amateur, l’utilisation d’un système de catégories fondé sur l’âge chronologique provoque une inégalité de la répartition du nombre de joueurs de la Ligue nationale de hockey (LNH) nés dans les différents trimestres de l’année (Grondin, Deshaies et Nault, 1984). Cette répartition pourrait avoir été récemment modifiée à cause de la venue croissante de joueurs non canadiens dans la LNH. Cette répartition a été réétudiée pour l’année 1989 et a en plus été analysée en fonction de l’origine nationale et provinciale des joueurs, de leur position au jeu et de certaines mesures anthropométriques. L’analyse permet de constater : (1) une fois de plus la sur-représentation du nombre de joueurs de la LNH nés lors des premiers trimestres ; (2) que la discrimination attribuable au moment de la naissance dans l’année est plus importante en Ontario ; (3) que ce sont les défenseurs et gardiens de buts qui sont les plus exposés aux effets de cette discrimination ; et (4) que dans l’ensemble, pour les différentes positions, la taille, le poids et le ratio taille/poids des joueurs ne diffèrent pas en fonction de leur moment de naissance. Cette quatrième constatation comporte cependant quelques exceptions, notamment chez les ailiers droits.
Treatments of Advanced Non‑Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) in an Italian Center: Drug Utilization and the Treatment Costs of Innovative Drugs

AIM: To provide an updated picture of the therapies most commonly used in the advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) setting, together with the relevant costs.METHODS: This study considered the clinical records of patients affected by stage IIIb and IV NSCLC treated in the AORN dei Colli - Plesso Monaldi in Naples during the period January 2016-July 2017 and diagnosed since 2014, as well as the pathology lab database. Multivariate analyses were performed in order to identify the main predictors of time to next treatment and the main cost drivers.RESULTS: Data were collected on 575 patients, who were mainly affected by adenocarcinoma (62%) and squamous cell carcinoma (34%). 64% of patients were reported having been tested for molecular biomarkers (among the patients tested, 13% were EGFR+, 4% Alk t, and 1% ROS1 t). In accordance with the international guidelines, chemotherapy – as single agent or platinum-based doublets – was the prevalent first-line treatment, except among EGFR+ and ROS1 t patients, for whom the target therapy was authorized as first-line therapy. As second-line treatment, the target therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors (nivolumab) were the most commonly used treatments. Drug expenditure per patient was remarkably higher in mutated patients (€ 29,053) versus wild-type patients, or patients with unknown mutational status (€ 11,854), who received just chemotherapy. The costs sustained in 2017 are proportionally higher than those sustained in 2016, mainlydue to the increasing eligibility to target therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors and the wider biomarker analysis performed. From multivariate analyses, among the predictors of a longer time to next treatment (TTNT) were a better performance status and target therapy both in first and second line. The therapy for squamous cell carcinoma and other nonadeno histotypes turned out to be less expensive in patients treated just in the first line than that for adenocarcinoma and adenosquamous carcinoma. The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the second line results in increased costs compared to the use of chemotherapy. Also the target therapy in the first line results in an increase in the total costs with respect to chemotherapy in patients who received just a first-line therapy.CONCLUSIONS: Generally, in this study population, the treatments administered are in accordance with the international guidelines. The costs borne by the Health Systems are higher for the target therapy and the immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Personalized Physical Activity Programs for the Management of Knee Osteoarthritis in Individuals with Obesity: A Patient-Centered Approach

Physical activity (PA) plays a vital role in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) management. However, engaging individuals with KOA in regular exercise is challenging, especially when they are affected by obesity. The aim of the current review is to elucidate how to increase adherence to exercise in this population. When implementing a PA program with patients with KOA and obesity, a specific multi-step approach can be adopted. In phase I (the baseline assessment), the patients’ eligibility for exercise is ascertained and a physical fitness assessment, sarcopenic obesity screening and quantification of the pain experienced are undertaken. Phase II adopts a patient-centered approach in implementing a PA program that combines an active lifestyle (>6000 steps/day) with land- or water-based exercise programs performed over eight to twelve weeks, with a frequency of three to five sessions per week, each lasting 60 min. In phase III, several strategies can be used to increase the patients’ adherence to higher levels of PA, including the following: (i) personalizing PA goal-setting and real-time monitoring; (ii) enhancing physical fitness and the management of sarcopenic obesity; (iii) building a sustainable environment and a supportive social network for an active lifestyle; and (iv) reducing pain, which can ameliorate the clinical severity of KOA and help with weight management in this population.
Creating a Collaborative Teaching Culture: The Case Study of the Value of a Professional Learning Community

In sport management higher education, doctoral students and early-career faculty are often tasked with teaching university courses, yet the training and support rarely match the demands of the job. This paper explores the utility of a professional learning community (PLC) within a sport management department at an American university using a case study methodology. A PLC creates space for colleague collaboration among faculty with similar objectives and goals. The PLC examined in this manuscript includes a mix of experienced (i.e., associate and full professors) and inexperienced professors (i.e., assistant professors and doctoral students) sharing their classroom/instructional experience at the undergraduate and master’s levels. PLCs represent a viable solution to help ease the classroom transition for early-career instructors and provide a platform for faculty to seek advice related to challenges. Findings suggest that the proper implementation of PLCs can lead to perceived increases in teaching effectiveness, self-efficacy, and collaboration amongst experienced and inexperienced faculty. Other benefits of PLCs include allowing faculty members to remain attuned to current classroom trends and maintaining a common philosophical mission/vision for the degree program.
CDKN1A/p21 in Breast Cancer: Part of the Problem, or Part of the Solution?

Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (Cip1/Waf1/CDKN1A/p21) is a well-established protein, primarily recognised for its pivotal role in the cell cycle, where it induces cell cycle arrest by inhibiting the activity of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). Over the years, extensive research has shed light on various additional mechanisms involving CDKN1A/p21, implicating it in processes such as apoptosis, DNA damage response (DDR), and the regulation of stem cell fate. Interestingly, p21 can function either as an oncogene or as a tumour suppressor in these contexts. Complicating matters further, the expression of CDKN1A/p21 is elevated in certain tumour types while downregulated in others. In this comprehensive review, we provide an overview of the multifaceted functions of CDKN1A/p21, present clinical data pertaining to cancer patients, and delve into potential strategies for targeting CDKN1A/p21 as a therapeutic approach to cancer. Manipulating CDKN1A/p21 shows great promise for therapy given its involvement in multiple cancer hallmarks, such as sustained cell proliferation, the renewal of cancer stem cells (CSCs), epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), cell migration, and resistance to chemotherapy. Given the dual role of CDKN1A/p21 in these processes, a more in-depth understanding of its specific mechanisms of action and its regulatory network is imperative to establishing successful therapeutic interventions.
Detection of Phishing Websites Hosted in Name Server Flux Networks Using Machine Learning

: Attackers are increasingly using Name Server IP Flux Networks (NSIFNs) to run the domain name services of their phishing websites in order to extend the duration of their phishing operations. These networks host a name server that manages the Domain Name System (DNS) records of the websites on a network of compromised machines with frequently changing IP addresses. As a result, blacklisting the machines has less impact on stopping the services, lengthening their lifespan and that of the websites they support. High detection delays and the use of fewer, lesser varied detection features limit the proposed solutions for identifying the websites hosted in these networks, making them more susceptible to detection evasions. This study suggests a novel set of highly diverse features based on DNS, network, and host behaviors for fast and highly accurate detection of phishing websites hosted in NSIFNs using a Machine Learning (ML) approach. Using a variety of traditional and deep learning ML algorithms, the prediction performance of our features was assessed in the context of binary and multi-class classification tasks. Our approach achieved optimal accuracy rates of 98.59% and 90.41% for the binary and multi-class classification tasks, respectively. Our approach is a crucial step toward monitoring NSIFN components to mitigate phishing attacks efficiently.
Comparing surface- and canopy-layer urban heat islands over Beijing using MODIS data

The canopy-layer urban heat island (CLHI) and the surface-layer urban heat island (SLHI) of Beijing, the capital city of China, were compared on the spatial scale of a city and the temporal scale of a year in this study. A differential temperature vegetation index (DTVX) method was improved by suggesting a new parameterization scheme for estimating daytime air temperature (Ta); a binary linear regression equation was developed for estimating night-time Ta from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) land-surface temperature (Ts) and vegetation indices data during 2009–2010. Validations using weather station observations show that the spatially distributed Ta can be obtained with an accuracy of approximately 2 K. Comparisons between the CLHI and the SLHI indicate that the CLHI agrees well with the SLHI during night-time, but they have a greater difference during daytime either in heat island intensity or in spatial distribution pattern. The SLHI−CLHI intensity difference during daytime has a noticeable seasonal variation, which is small and negative in cold seasons, but large and positive in warm seasons, whereas that at night-time has no significant seasonal variations. The difference in the evapotranspiration cooling effects between urban and rural areas may be the predominant factor that drives the SLHI−CLHI difference.
Synthesis, Characterizations, and Quantum Chemical Investigations on Imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine-Schiff Base Derivative: (E)-2-Phenyl-N-(thiophen-2-ylmethylene)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidin-3-amine

In this study, (E)-2-phenyl-N-(thiophen-2-ylmethylene)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidin-3-amine (3) is synthesized, and detailed spectral characterizations using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, mass, and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy were performed. The optimized geometry was computed using the density functional theory method at the B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) basis set. The theoretical FT-IR and NMR (1H and 13C) analysis are agreed to validate the structural assignment made for (3). Frontier molecular orbitals, molecular electrostatic potential, Mulliken atomic charge, electron localization function, localized orbital locator, natural bond orbital, nonlinear optical, Fukui functions, and quantum theory of atoms in molecules analyses are undertaken and meticulously interpreted, providing profound insights into the molecular nature and behaviors. In addition, ADMET and drug-likeness studies were carried out and investigated. Furthermore, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations have been studied, indicating that this is an ideal molecule to develop as a potential vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 inhibitor.
Monitoring time domain characteristics of Parkinson’s disease using 3D memristive neuromorphic system

Introduction Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder affecting millions of patients. Closed-Loop Deep Brain Stimulation (CL-DBS) is a therapy that can alleviate the symptoms of PD. The CL-DBS system consists of an electrode sending electrical stimulation signals to a specific region of the brain and a battery-powered stimulator implanted in the chest. The electrical stimuli in CL-DBS systems need to be adjusted in real-time in accordance with the state of PD symptoms. Therefore, fast and precise monitoring of PD symptoms is a critical function for CL-DBS systems. However, the current CL-DBS techniques suffer from high computational demands for real-time PD symptom monitoring, which are not feasible for implanted and wearable medical devices. Methods In this paper, we present an energy-efficient neuromorphic PD symptom detector using memristive three-dimensional integrated circuits (3D-ICs). The excessive oscillation at beta frequencies (13–35 Hz) at the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is used as a biomarker of PD symptoms. Results Simulation results demonstrate that our neuromorphic PD detector, implemented with an 8-layer spiking Long Short-Term Memory (S-LSTM), excels in recognizing PD symptoms, achieving a training accuracy of 99.74% and a validation accuracy of 99.52% for a 75%–25% data split. Furthermore, we evaluated the improvement of our neuromorphic CL-DBS detector using NeuroSIM. The chip area, latency, energy, and power consumption of our CL-DBS detector were reduced by 47.4%, 66.63%, 65.6%, and 67.5%, respectively, for monolithic 3D-ICs. Similarly, for heterogeneous 3D-ICs, employing memristive synapses to replace traditional Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) resulted in reductions of 44.8%, 64.75%, 65.28%, and 67.7% in chip area, latency, and power usage. Discussion This study introduces a novel approach for PD symptom evaluation by directly utilizing spiking signals from neural activities in the time domain. This method significantly reduces the time and energy required for signal conversion compared to traditional frequency domain approaches. The study pioneers the use of neuromorphic computing and memristors in designing CL-DBS systems, surpassing SRAM-based designs in chip design area, latency, and energy efficiency. Lastly, the proposed neuromorphic PD detector demonstrates high resilience to timing variations in brain neural signals, as confirmed by robustness analysis.