Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Survey of Data Aggregation Protocols for Energy Conservation in WSN and IoT

Conservation of energy has been a major concern for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) and IoT applications. Several strategies were devised, aimed at optimizing energy consumption in these applications, based on: (a) use of low-powered hardware devices, (b) deploying mobile/relay agents for data collection, (c) clustering, and (d) data aggregation. Amongst these, data aggregation is widely acknowledged as an important tool to conserve energy in WSN and IoTs. The paper provides a comprehensive survey of various data aggregation strategies, discusses the efficacy of these strategies in handling issues that are typical to WSN and IoT applications. These issues severely impact the performance metrics such as: energy efficiency, latency, fault-tolerance, network throughput, and network lifetime. Therefore, to optimize the data aggregation approach, an application developer needs to arrive at optimal tradeoffs between these parameters. A major contribution of the paper is to present a holistic review of data aggregation approaches emphasizing the effect of topology, security, mobility, interference, and fault-tolerance in WSN and IoTs. Based on gap areas in literature, we throw open few challenges and present them as “posers”, and put-forth suggestions for further research.
Self-esteem only goes so far: the moderating effect of social media screen time on self-esteem and depressive symptoms

ABSTRACT This study assessed the independent association of self-esteem and social media screen time on depressive symptoms, as well as the moderating role of social media screen time in the relationship between self-esteem and depressive symptoms. The Mobile Screen Time Project was a cross-sectional, web-based survey conducted from March to May of 2019. 437 U.S. college students were recruited via social networks from two institutions of higher education. Multivariable logistic regression assessed the associations between self-esteem and average daily social media time with depressive symptoms; an interaction effect was explored. Self-esteem had an inverse association (AOR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.80–0.94) and daily social media time had a significant association with depressive symptoms (AOR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.02–1.22) after adjusting for sexual and gender status, race/ethnicity, age, social status, and insomnia. We found a significant moderating effect (p = 0.016) of daily social media time. The more time spent on social media, the less protective self-esteem was against depressive symptoms. Those suffering from depressive symptoms or low self-esteem may benefit from reducing their social media use, intentionally exposing themselves to positive content and leveraging peer-to-peer social support through social media to create a sense of belonging.
Development of a Gastroretentive Polyherbal Formulation and its Standardization

Background: Phytopharmaceuticals within the shape of the entire herb, plant parts, or separated bioactive constituents have been utilized broadly in therapeutics since antiquated times till date. The appealing use of drugs of the natural root has driven the requirement for standardization as per the WHO guidelines. Objectives: The main aim of the existing study was to formulate polyherbal gastroretentive capsules by using Carbopol 934 and 971P in different concentration ranges to get desired buoyancy rate. Materials and Methods: The prepared formulation was characterized by physico-chemical parameters and pharmaceutical quality control tests. Standard procedures were used to estimate the organoleptic properties, extractive values, and ash values of the crude drugs used in formulations. Extraction was carried out using Soxhlation followed by preliminary phytochemical evaluation and HPTLC fingerprinting of the extracts. The extracts were formulated into a gastroretentive polyherbal capsule and assessed for physical parameters. Results: The phytochemical assessment established the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, steroids, and glycosides. R f values obtained from the HPTLC studies of the extracts signified the presence of important phytoconstituents such as Shogaols, 6-Gingerol, 8-Gingerol, Glycyrrhizin, Andrographolides, Marmelosin, and Conessine. Percent Carr’s consolidation index ranging from 8.111 ± 0.157 to 8.827 ± 0.186, Hausner’s ratio between 1.088 ± 0.002 to 1.097 ± 0.002, and angle of repose below 30 are indicative of excellent flow property of the granules. Conclusion: The gastroretentive capsules PHF4 containing granules formulated using 75 mg Carbopol 971P showed a buoyancy effect of more than 24 hr with desired structural integrity.
On Sequential Ranking and Selection Procedures

Abstract : This report describes some sequential selection procedures for selecting the normal population having the largest mean, and for selecting the Bernoulli population having the largest success probability, with emphasis on recent developments. Both the indifference zone and subset approaches are discussed. Some results for the exponential family including a decision theoretic approach are also described. Keywords: Open, closed and truncated sequential procedures, Indifference zone, Subset selection, Normal, Bernoulli, Exponential family, Vector-at-a-time sampling, Adaptive.
On D=11 supertwistors, superparticle quantization and a hidden SO(16) symmetry of supergravity

We consider a covariant quantization of the D=11 massless superparticle in the supertwistor framework. D=11 supertwistors are highly constrained, but the interpretation of their bosonic components as Lorentz harmonic variables and their momenta permits to develop a classical and quantum mechanics without much difficulties. A simple, heuristic `twistor' quantization of the superparticle leads to the linearized D=11 supergravity multiplet. In the process, we observe hints of a hidden SO(16) symmetry of D=11 supergravity.
Nucleon spin fluctuations and neutral-current interactions in supernovae

The formation of neutrino spectra in a supernova depends crucially on the strength and inelasticity of weak interactions in hot nuclear matter. Neutrino interactions with nonrelativistic nucleons are mainly governed by the dynamical structure function for the nucleon spin-density which describes its fluctuations. These fluctuations give rise to inelastic weak processes such as neutrino pair emission and absorption as well as energy transfers in neutrino-nucleon scattering that can be comparable or greater than that from ordinary recoil. We calculate numerically the spin-density structure function in the limit of a dilute, nondegenerate medium from exact two-nucleon wave functions for some representative nuclear interaction potentials. We show that spectrum and magnitude of the energy transfer between neutrinos and nucleons can deviate significantly from those based on the Born approximation. They are, however, rather insensitive to the particular nuclear potential as long as it reproduces experimental nucleon scattering phase shifts at corresponding energies. We also compare with calculations based on a one-pion exchange potential in Born approximation and discuss their applicability in the context of supernovae. Our study is relevant for numerical simulations of the neutrino spectra emerging from type-II supernovae. {copyright} {ital 1997} {ital The American Physical Society}
Nuryadi (57-71)

The present study aims to describe the type of transitivity, logical meaning and point of view from news about blasphemy conducted by Basuki Tjahaja Purnama (BTP), the former governor of Jakarta reported by Kompas, a news website. The present study is grounded under qualitative research with a functional discourse analysis approach. Data is obtained from news about BTP which were published from September to November 2016. The results of the analysis suggest that the most dominant type of transitivity was verbal process, the most dominant participant was verbiage, the most dominant circumstant was location, while the logical meanings found were 178 data out of 220 (80.91%). Discourse field is analyzed through the verbal process which contained rebuttals, clarifications and explanations that BTP did not mean to insult Islam. The social context links the blasphemy of Islam with politics. Kompas website intends to state that there are parties who deliberately take advantage of the blasphemy of Islam for political purposes. Discourse actors are divided into roles, social distance and social status. The prominent roles and social status came from Islamic religious leaders, especially from the religious organizations whose opinion was more favorable to BTP's position while social distance narrates BTP's closeness to Muslims, especially ones in Jakarta.
Interaction of W(CO)$_6$ with SiO$_2$ Surfaces -- A Density Functional Study

The interaction of tungsten hexacarbonyl W(CO)$_6$ precursor molecules with SiO$_2$ substrates is investigated by means of density functional theory calculations with and without inclusion of long range van der Waals interactions. We consider two different surface models, a fully hydroxylated and a partially hydroxylated SiO$_2$ surface, corresponding to substrates under different experimental conditions. For the fully hydroxylated surface we observe only a weak interaction between the precursor molecule and the substrate with physisorption of W(CO)$_6$. Inclusion of van der Waals corrections results in a stabilization of the molecules on this surface, but does not lead to significant changes in the chemical bonding. In contrast, we find a spontaneous dissociation of the precursor molecule on the partially hydroxylated SiO$_2$ surface where chemisorption of a W(CO)$_5$ fragment is observed upon removal of one of the CO ligands from the precursor molecule. Irrespective of the hydroxylation, the precursor molecule prefers binding of more than one of its CO ligands. In the light of these results, implications for the initial growth stage of tungsten nano-deposits on SiO$_2$ in an electron beam induced deposition process are discussed.
Causal Symmetry and the Transactional Interpretation

Cramer's (1986) transactional interpretation of quantum mechanics posits retrocausal influences in quantum processes in an attempt to alleviate some of the interpretational difficulties of the Copenhagen interpretation. In response to Cramer's theory, Maudlin (2002) has levelled a significant objection against any retrocausal model of quantum mechanics. I present here an examination of the transactional interpretation of quantum mechanics and an analysis of Maudlin's critique. I claim that, although Maudlin correctly isolates the weaknesses of Cramer's theory, his justification for this weakness is off the mark. The cardinal vice of the transactional interpretation is its failure to provide a sufficient causal structure to constrain uniquely the behaviour of quantum systems and I contend that this is due to a lack of causal symmetry in the theory. In contrast, Maudlin attributes this shortcoming to retrocausality itself and emphasises an apparently fundamental incongruence between retrocausality and his own metaphysical picture of reality. I conclude by arguing that the problematic aspect of this incongruence is Maudlin's assumptions about what is appropriate for such a metaphysical picture.
Evaluation of the Effects of Marketing Strategies on Consumer Patronage of Restaurants in Enugu (A Study of Mr. Bigg’s)

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of marketing strategies on consumer patronage of restaurants in Enugu (A study of Mr. Bigg’s). The objectives of the study are to investigate whether individual determinants and social factors influence consumer patronage of Mr Bigg’s, to assess whether consumer choice of restaurants has any significant impact on patronage of Mr. Bigg’s, to examine the extent of relationship marketing practices on patronage of Mr. Bigg’s, to assess the extent of overall consumer perception on patronage of Mr. Bigg’s and to discover the effect of consumers loyalty strategies on consumer patronage of Mr. Bigg’s. Survey research method was chosen for the study. The study population comprises consumers for Mr. Bigg’s in Enugu and as such, the population is unknown. A sample size of 340 was determined using Topman’s formula for determining sample size. For the validity of the instrument, the questionnaire was vetted by research professionals in Business and Management Sciences based on face validity in terms of relevance to the subject matter, objective of the study, coverage of the content areas, appropriateness of language usage and clarity of purpose. The value of the test of reliability is 0.90 which was conducted using Cronbach’s Alpha. Chi-square statistical tool was used to test the formulated hypotheses. The test of hypotheses led to the following major findings: individual determinants and social factors have a significant influence on consumer patronage of Mr. Bigg’s, consumer choice has a significant impact on the patronage of Mr. Bigg’s, relationship marketing practices has a significant effect on the patronage of Mr. Bigg’s, consumer perception has a significant effect on the patronage of Mr. Bigg’s and finally, consumers’ loyalty strategies have a significant effect on the patronage of Mr. Bigg’s. Following the findings, the study therefore recommended that marketing managers should concentrate their attention on developing more and improved effective marketing strategies for retaining and sustaining their customers by satisfying their unlimited needs and wants.
Classical and Quantum Mechanical (QM) Effects in the One-Soliton solution of the EM Nonlinear Schrodinger (NLS) Equation

Propagation effects are analyzed for electromagnetic (EM) waves which satisfy the one-soliton non-linear Schrodinger (NLS) equation in a dispersive wave guide. The coupling between momentum and frequencies due to dispersion relation is treated by a coupled Hamiltonian-Momentum operator with equal-space commutation relations(CR). Kerr interactions in the soliton are treated. The classical solution of the one-soliton with possible quantum effects are analyzed. The integrability of nonlinear equations is related to compatibility-condition for scattering matrices and such relation is applied to the NLS equation.
Solution Strategies for Integrated Distribution, Production, and Routing Problems Arising in Modular Manufacturing

Recently, there has been a paradigm shift within certain supply chains towards modular manufacturing, whereby transportable modular production units can be relocated between production facilities to meet the spatial and temporal changes in the availabilities, demands, and prices of the underlying commodities. We refer to the optimal distribution, production, and storage of commodities, and the routing and operation of the modular production units within the aforementioned supply chain as the dynamic multiple commodity supply chain problem with modular production units . To this end, we present a “ﬂow-based” and a “path-based” mixed-integer linear programming formulation to model the problem. In an eﬀort to solve large-scale instances of the problem, we propose an iterative three-stage matheuristic for the “path-based” formulation. In the ﬁrst stage of the matheuristic, a feasible solution to the problem is generated by a Lagrangian relaxation based heuristic. In the second stage of the matheuristic, a path-relinking procedure is utilized as a local search heuristic to further improve the solution. And in the ﬁnal stage of the matheuristic, the Lagrangian multipliers are updated via a subgradient method. The eﬀectiveness of the matheuristic is illustrated through numerical experiments with a set of randomly generated test instances. For the large-scale test instances, the results show that the matheuristic produces quality solutions orders of magnitude faster than a “state-of-the-art” mixed-integer linear programming solver.
in glycemic control in with to

Objectives: To examine inequality by maternal educational level among children with type 1 diabetes a setting universal access health care. Research Design Methods: Longitudinal nationwide study of 4,079 Danish children with type 1 diabetes between the of daily glucose tests compared repeatedly from onset 5 years after onset groups. HbA1c compared across daily blood glucose testing frequency and groups. Linear regression used compare HbA1c across groups with and without adjustment for socioeconomic and treatment in HbA1c across maternal mean level of HbA1c 59.7 mmol/mol for of with
Enhanced sulfur in the UTLS in spring 2020

Sulfur compounds in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS) impact the atmosphere radiation budget, either directly as particles or indirectly as precursor gas for new particle formation. In situ measurements in the UTLS are rare, but are important to better understand the impact of the sulfur budget on climate. The BLUESKY mission in May/June 2020 explored an unprecedented situation. 1) The UTLS experienced extraordinary dry conditions in spring 2020 over Europe, in 15 comparison to previous years and 2) the first lockdown of the COVID-19 pandemic caused major emission reductions from industry, ground, and airborne transportation. With the two research aircraft HALO and Falcon, 20 flights were conducted over Central Europe and the North Atlantic to investigate the atmospheric composition with respect to trace gases, aerosol, and clouds. Here, we focus on measurements of sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) and particulate sulfate (SO 42- ) in the altitude range of 8 to 14.5 km which show unexpectedly enhanced mixing ratios of SO 2 in the upper troposphere and of SO 42- in the lowermost 20 stratosphere. In the UT, we find SO 2 mixing ratios of (0.07±0.01) ppb, caused by the remaining air traffic, reduced SO 2 sinks due to low OH and low cloud fractions, and to a minor extend by uplift from boundary layer sources. Particulate sulfate showed elevated mixing ratios of up to 0.33 ppb in the LS. We suggest that the eruption of the volcano Raikoke in June 2019, which emitted about 1 Tg SO 2 into the stratosphere in northern midlatitudes caused these enhancements, in addition to Siberian and Canadian wildfires and other minor volcanic eruptions. Our measurements can help to test models and lead to new insights in 25 the distribution of sulfur compounds in the UTLS, their sources and sinks. Moreover, these results can contribute to improve simulations of the radiation budget in the UTLS with respect to sulfur effects.
of market effect”

Purpose: This article proposes and empirically tests the country of market (COMK) effect, which captures the consumer’s responses of home market to a country where the product is marketed. Design/methodology/approach: Study 1 applies a lab experiment about Chinese consumers’ purchase intention for printers marketed either in the US or China. Study 2 applies country level data to examine the impact of economic development of 22 host countries on the performance of 167 multinational retailers in their home country. Findings: Study 1 shows that the printers marketed in US attract a higher level of purchase intention than printers marketed in China. This COMK effect is more salient for printers manufactured in China than those manufactured in US. In addition, innovation and design factors corresponding to the host country’s image fully mediate the COMK effect. Results in Study 2 show that a retailer that markets its services in a host country with a higher (lower) level of economic development is likely to generate higher (lower) level of retailing performance in its home country. Furthermore, it is found that COMK effect is diminished as the level of economic development of a vendor’s home country increases. Research limitations/implications: In addition to the cognitive components of country image (e.g., design and innova-tion), consumers’ affective components may also influence the COMK effect. Future research could discuss the impact of consumer ethnocentrism and consumer animosity on consumers’ attitude towards the product marketed in other countries. Practical implications: Strategically, marketing products to a country with a favorable image could benefit vendors from an emerging economy. For manufacturers from developed countries, marketing a product within their own countries may enhance the associated innovation and design images while marketing the same product in an emerging market. Originality/value: This article proposes and tests a demand side country effect on consumers’ purchase intention for products marketed in other countries. It is in sharp contrast to the traditional country effect which focuses on the supply side effect (e.g., country of origin, country of manufacture, country of assembly etc.). effect, origin retailing. M31,
The formation of compact dwarf ellipticals through merging star clusters

In the past decades, extended old stellar clusters have been observed. These extended objects cover a large range in masses, from extended clusters or faint fuzzies to ultracompact dwarf galaxies. It has been demonstrated that these extended objects can be the result of the merging of star clusters in cluster complexes (small regions in which dozens to hundreds of star clusters form). This formation channel is called the ‘Merging Star Cluster Scenario’. This work tries to explain the formation of compact ellipticals in the same theoretical framework. Compact ellipticals are a comparatively rare class of spheroidal galaxies, possessing very small effective radii and high central surface brightnesses. With the use of numerical simulations we show that the merging star cluster scenario, adopted for higher masses, as found with those galaxies, can reproduce all major characteristics and the dynamics of these objects. This opens up a new formation channel to explain the existence of compact elliptical galaxies.
Freeze Casting: A Review of Processing, Microstructure and Properties via the Open Data Repository, FreezeCasting.net

Freeze-casting produces materials with complex, three-dimensional pore structures which may be tuned during the solidification process. The range of potential applications of freeze-cast materials is vast, and includes: structural materials, biomaterials, filtration membranes, pharmaceuticals, and foodstuffs. Fabrication of materials with application-specific microstructures is possible via freeze casting, however, the templating process is highly complex and the underlying principles are only partially understood. Here, we report the creation of a freeze-casting experimental data repository, which contains data extracted from ~800 different freeze-casting papers (as of August 2017). These data pertain to variables that link processing conditions to microstructural characteristics, and finally, mechanical properties. The aim of this work is to facilitate broad dissemination of relevant data to freeze-casting researchers, promote better informed experimental design, and encourage modeling efforts that relate processing conditions to microstructure formation and material properties. An initial, systematic analysis of these data is provided and key processing-structure-property relationships posited in the freeze-casting literature are discussed and tested against the database. Tools for data visualization and exploration available through the web interface are also provided.