Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mapping paddy rice with multi-date moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) data in China

The objective of this study was to obtain spatial distribution maps of paddy rice fields using multi-date moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer(MODIS) data in China.Paddy rice fields were extracted by identifying the unique char-acteristic of high soil moisture in the flooding and transplanting period with improved algorithms based on rice growth calendar regionalization.The characteristic could be reflected by the enhanced vegetation index(EVI) and the land surface water index(LSWI) derived from MODIS sensor data.Algorithms for single,early,and late rice identification were obtained from selected typical test sites.The algorithms could not only separate early rice and late rice planted in the same fields,but also reduce the uncertainties.The areal accuracy of the MODIS-derived results was validated by comparison with agricultural statistics,and the spatial matching was examined by ETM+(enhanced thematic mapper plus) images in a test region.Major factors that might cause errors,such as the coarse spatial resolution and noises in the MODIS data,were discussed.Although not suitable for monitoring the inter-annual variations due to some inevitable factors,the MODIS-derived results were useful for obtaining spatial distribution maps of paddy rice on a large scale,and they might provide reference for further studies.
Using multi-criterion optimization to classify ecosystems from multi temporal imagery

One element of research on climate change is modeling of the non-fossil carbon cycle. Non-fossil carbon models such as IMAGE-2 use ecosystem maps as inputs for calculating the production of carbon and the levels of carbon in the atmosphere. The NFOSEUR project aims to classify European ecosystems from remote sensing (RS) data. The data consist of monthly NDVI values for each year, where NDVI is a measure of the photosynthetic activity of the ecosystems. Each ecosystem has a characteristic NDVI curve throughout the year, yielding a characteristic “fingerprint” for each ecosystem. Until now, classification of RS data has been based on various statistical procedures. This paper discusses the use of multicriterion optimization to determine the “best” classification. Goal programming and compromise goal programming models yield classifications that compare closely with those produced by conventional statistical approaches. Case studies include a classification of ecosystems for Germany and southern France. Var.
Feedback hybrid force and position control of an upper limb exoskeleton to support human movement

In the paper, a feedback hybrid control including a force feedback control and a position control is proposed to control a four degree of freedom (4-dof) upper limb exoskeleton for supporting human movement at the shoulder, elbow and wrist joints. The novelty of the paper is that it has been able to control all the interaction forces at all links in the exoskeleton robot by using the proposed control. The desired interaction forces at the links and desired position are compared with the measured interaction forces and position, respectively. Then the torque at the shoulder, the torque elbow and the torque wrist joints are controlled to compensate the force error and the position error. The gains of the proposed controller are optimized by using the Balancing Composite Motion Optimization (BCMO). The simulation and control of the 4-dof upper limb exoskeleton using the proposed control is carried out in the paper to show that the interaction forces and the position of the exoskeleton track their desired values.
Analisis Risiko Kredit Perbankan Menggunakan Algoritma K-Nearest Neighbor dan Nearest Weighted K-Nearest Neighbor

<p dir="ltr"><span>Bank is a business entity that collects public funds in the form of savings and also distributes them to the public in the form of credit or other forms. Credit risk analysis can be done in various ways such as marketing analysis and big data using machine learning. One example of a machine learning algorithm is K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) and the development of the K-Nearest Neighbor algorithm is Neighbor Weighted KNearest Neighbor (NWKNN). The K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) algorithm is one of the machine learning methods that can be used to facilitate the classification of complex data. The purpose of this study is to determine the results of the application of the algorithm and the comparison of the use of the KNN and NWKNN algorithms in banking credit. The results obtained are that NWKNN is able to predict credit risk better, especially in classifying potential customers with potential losses compared to KNN. </span><span> </span></p><span id="docs-internal-guid-3225d0b5-7fff-da27-d883-e71a565d51af"><span><strong>Keywords</strong>: </span><span>Machine learning, KNN, NWKNN</span></span>
Historical Development of the Structural Theory of Accumulation of Oil and Gas: Part I. History

Although petroleum has been known since a very early date, its geological occurrence became of interest only after discovery of its economic value, and active exploitation began. First mention of the occurrence of oil on anticlines was by William Logan, in 1844, and within a few months after completion of the Drake well both T. Sterry Hunt and H. D. Rogers recalled Logan's earlier observation and noted also that the Drake well was located on an anticline. Numerous other workers confirmed these observations, but it appears that little practical use was made of the theory until I. C. White, in 1885, began to apply it in search for natural gas in Pennsylvania and surrounding states. Coincidently Edward Orton, in Ohio, brought out the importance of geologic structure and by e ery possible means endeavored to impress on the public the value of geology in prospecting. During the years following 1900 the United States Geological Survey published a series of studies of oil fields in the eastern states which further supported the theory and served also to give it wider publicity and greater prestige, until finally little or no criticism was heard. When the huge expansion in use of petroleum began, about 1910, the geologist became, for the first time, an important factor in the search for new fields.
Caracterización antropológica de dos poblados de la Edad del Bronce de la Peninsula Iberica: El Castellón Alto y la Motilla del Azuer

espanolAlgunos aspectos morfologicos del esqueleto postcraneal han sido usados para valorar una serie de estimaciones relacionadas con el aspecto fisico –estatura, robustez y masa corporal- de dos poblados de la Edad del Bronce de la Peninsula Iberica. Dos perfiles biologico generales han sido identificados para cada asentamiento. La actividad fisica y los patrones culturales como variables relacionadas con el estilo de vida se valoran como posibles causas de estas diferencias. EnglishSome morphological aspects of the postcranial skeleton have been used to assess a number of estimates –stature, robusticity and body mass- related to body size and physique of two Bronze Age sites from the Iberian Peninsula. Two general biological profiles for each settlement have been identified. Physical activity and cultural patterns as variables related to lifestyle are evaluated as potential causes of these differences.
Priority Based Load Management and Gas Monitoring for Competent Household Energy Management

Energy management refers to the process of monitoring, controlling and conserving energy in an area. The main goal of this energy management system is to reduce the power consumption by employing certain mechanisms. To achieve this, monitoring the energy consumption and managing the appliances are needed. In order to reduce the energy consumption, firstly it is necessary to know how energy is consumed. Therefore consumption monitoring is required. Secondly it is necessary to manage the appliances in order to apply energy reduction strategies. A contextaware system is capable of collecting information from the management or context, and of reacting accordingly. The proposed system is capable of controlling the electricity by automatically perform smart load control based on utility signal and load priority and automatic gas monitoring. The system can also adjust the light intensity according to the surrounding brightness. The sensor measurements are used for scheduling and controlling of different loads. The user can get information regarding the power consumption and gas leakage via wireless GSM technology.
Digital Consumer Engagement: Examining the Impact of Audio and Visual Stimuli Exposure in Social Media

The promotion of coffee shops through Instagram content has become highly beneficial to consumers’ decision-making, as short videos reel Instagram and photos can help consumers judge and experience products through visual and audio stimuli on content. Consequently, scholars and managers must understand consumer behaviors regarding audio-visual stimuli on Instagram content and identify factors influencing perception and consumer engagement with content. A novel contribution of this study is the introduction of audio-visual stimuli on Instagram content based on the stimulus-organism-response paradigm, which explains how sensory marketing and information adoption affect consumer engagement on social media Instagram. To empirically evaluate the proposed research model, we conducted an online survey with 120 participants who followed Instagram @kopijanjijiwa and @kopikenangan. We performed data analysis using structural equation modelling and Smart-PLS software and the results indicated that all hypotheses, except for perceived cognitive and audio-visual stimuli, significantly affected consumer engagement. This study could provide insights into the antecedents of perceived cognitive and consumer engagement on social media Instagram. Thus, contributing knowledge of digital consumer behavior helps managers understand consumer behavior regarding social media and formulate marketing strategies.
A Prospective-Comparative Study on Extremity of Stroke in Patients with and Without Atrial Fibrillation as a Clinical Predictor

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a leading cause of ischemic stroke. It is critical to confirm the impact of AF on stroke outcomes. Objective: To assess the risk factors for stroke in conditions with or without atrial fibrillation. • To compare stroke severity and outcomes in stroke patients with or without atrial fibrillation. • To assess the vascular risk factors and co-morbid conditions Method: Analysis of the patient's medical information, such as age, gender, kind of stroke, location, mode of therapy, severity, and results. antithrombotic therapy) on 100 stroke victims (50 of them who exhibited AF and the other 50 without). Results: Age 61 to 80 were associated with a greater risk of strokes (33% non-AF, 14% AF), while age groups 81 and above were associated with a higher chance of atrial fibrillation (2% AF). men and females had the same incidence of AF (12% each), with the exception that females were more common in the non-AF group (47%) than men (29%). Patients with ischemic stroke were more prevalent (73%), but patients with hemorrhagic stroke (6% AF, 9% non-AF) were more likely to have it. The CHAD2DS2-VASc SCORE and AH showed that hypertensive people had a greater risk of stroke in both the AF (10%) and non-AF (46%) groups. Overall, the AF (10%) and non-AF (46%) groups had hypertension as the most common co-morbid disease, with antihypertensive medications being the commonest prescribed medicine (23% AF, 59% non-AF). Conclusion: The study concluded that if treatment methods for atrial fibrillation and stroke are given, patient outcomes can be improved with sufficient assessment and strict adherence.
Appropriate Sampling Interval of Instantaneous Scan by Behavior Observation on Gorilla (Gorilla gorilla) in Captivity

Through instantaneous sample method,we observed 4 Gorilla(Gorilla gorilla) individuals in Shanghai Zoo from September to December 2009 to determine appropriate sampling interval to separate two consecutive observation.The focus animals were active during 10: 00-11: 00 and 14: 00-15: 00,and significant difference in active frequency between individuals was detected.The appropriate sample interval is 3-13 min.Data accuracy would be reduced and data independence would be increase when increase sampling interval.The appropriate sample interval supposed by this study is 2-8 min.Here,a compromised sample interval of 3-8 min is considered.
Opportunities and challenges for conservation agriculture in Botswana

ABSTRACT Conservation agriculture (CA) is being promoted as an energy efficient and cost-effective farming system that conserves soil and water and improves crop yields. Adoption of this farming system can contribute to attainment of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 2: end hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition, and promote sustainable agriculture. However, the adoption rate of this new farming technique by smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is low. The trade-offs and synergies related to the three pillars that anchor CA have not, however, been investigated in the context of Botswana. Farmers are faced with trade-offs in the use of crop residue in CA as mulch with traditional use as feed for livestock. This paper reviews the components of CA with a view to contribute to the development of CA strategies for Botswana. We show that adoption of CA in SSA is challenged by lack of weed control measures, the lack of a market for grain legumes and competing uses of crop residue. The paper highlights the discrepancy between CA methods and current government subsidies, issues that may restrain the adoption of CA in Botswana. The paper concludes by making recommendations for research and policy development for sustainable CA practices in Botswana.
A Review on the Snow Surveys Conducted in Mountainous Regions in Japan to Determine Distribution Factors

日本国内の山岳地域でこれまでになされた,高度による積雪水当量の増加率(係数a)に関する研究成果をとりまとめた. ここでは,文献に係数aの値が明記してあるもの,もしくは文献に表の形で高度と積雪水当量の関係が示されており,これから回帰直線と係数aの値が客観的に求められるものを取り上げた. 取り上げた山岳・流域は全部で36におよび,それらは北海道から琵琶湖周辺まで,中部山岳地域を除いてほぼまんべんなく分布している. 積雪調査数の経年変化には,1950年代と1970年代後半～1980年代中頃にピークが見られる. 前者は水資源としての積雪が重要であった時代,後者は研究機関による調査が進んだ時代である. また,これまでの積雪調査は3月に行なわれた例が圧倒的に多く,1シーズンを通して積雪調査が行なわれることが望まれる.
Hull Camera: Preliminary Design and Testing of its use for Assessing Biofouling on Small (<12 m) Recreational Vessels

Titles in the Fisheries Research Report series present technical and scientific information for use in management processes. Research Reports are subject to full internal refereeing by senior scientists of the Fisheries Research Division, and in many cases, elements of the work are published in international scientific literature. Figures Figure 1: Photograph showing the use of the hull camera from the jetty. The join between the two poles (circle) can be seen, this allowed better access to the hull and other difficult to get to areas e.g. propeller. Figure 2: Image showing the video camera (1) (minus the pole) and the video recorder (2) encased in the pelican case. Note the length of the cable is much shorter in this image than was used for the field testing. Image accessed from: Figure 3: Picture showing the hull camera at work. The arrows are pointing out (1) the camera and (2) the 15 cm spacer used to ensure the camera is at the best focal distance. Figure 4: Image showing the hull types assessed for biofouling by both waterline inspection and hull camera. Image A and B represent the power boat hulls, whilst C (catamaran) and D (yacht) represent the predominantly wind driven vessels. This report documents the preliminary design and testing of a hull camera for assessing biofouling on recreational vessels less than 12 m in length. There were two aims: firstly, to establish a preliminary design for an easy to use camera system which would allow less accessible areas of a vessels hull to be viewed, and secondly, to undertake preliminary testing of its usefulness. The hull camera was tested on four different vessel hull types: round, deep vee, tunnel and yacht. An assessment of the degree of biofouling on these different hull types was initially made with waterline inspections then repeated using the hull camera. These results were then compared. The hull camera was found to provide a clearer picture of the real level of biofouling of these vessels, which was underestimated by waterline inspection. The hull camera was shown to be useful for the assessment of recreational vessel less than 12 m long and to have the potential to become a useful tool in the monitoring of non indigenous marine species in the recreational sector.
Abundance and Catch Composition of Three Fishing Gears (Hook-and-Line Trap and Spear) in a Coral Reef. Santiago Island, Cape Bolinao, Philippines

The catch rate and species composition of a multispecies reef fishery around Santiago Island, Cape Bolinao, Philippines, was studied from June to December 1986. Three fisheries were monitored, hook-and-line, spear and trap fishing. A total of 144 species were caught by the three gears. One hundred twenty-seven species were represented in the catches of the trap fishery. One hundred one were present inside the reef lagoon and 90 outside the reef lagoon.The family Siganidae contributed 42.2% of the total catch outside the lagoon and Family Labridae contributed 26.5% inside the lagoon. The hook-and-line fishing was dominated by lethrinids (69.8%), specifically Lethrinus rodopterus. Spear fishing was dominated by Siganus canaliculatus, contributing 83.7% of the total catch. The catch rates for the trap fishery were 0.129 kg/haul, 0.131 kg/haul inside and 0.127 kg/haul outside the reef lagoon. The catch rate for the hook-and-line and spear were 0.589 kg/line hr. and 1.33 kg/man hr respectively. The size composition and the lengthweight relationships for the most abundant species of the three fisheries are discussed. The fish yield of a reef area of 9.06 sq. km to the 15-m isobath was 2.46 mt/sq km during the rainy season. The annual fish yield was estimated to be around 4.17mt/sq km yr.
Design and Implementation Web Site for UOT Using Mobile Devices

A mobile phone allows its user to make and receive telephone calls to and from the public telephone network which includes other mobiles and fixed-line phones across the world. In addition to being a telephone modern mobile phones also support many additional services, and accessories. such as SMS (or text) messages, e-mail, Web access, gaming, Bluetooth and infrared short range wireless communication, camera. The Mobile Web refers to the use of Internet-connected applications, or browser-based access to the Internet from a mobile device - such as a Smartphone or tablet PC - connected to a wireless network. In this paper, we design and build an web application on the mobile devices and access to the web services to display the university of technology website.
Corporate Tax Saving Strategy and Share Price Performance

This study ascertained how corporate tax saving strategy affect share price performance. It examined how debt tax shield, non-debt tax shield, and effective tax rate affect share price performance. The secondary source of data collection was adopted in the study where the purposive sampling technique was used to select a sample size of twelve (12) listed industrial goods firms in Nigeria. Ordinary Least Square regression analysis was used in this study and the findings revealed that non-debt tax shield has significant effect on share price performance of listed industrial goods firms in Nigeria and that effective tax rate has significant effect on share price performance of listed industrial goods firms in Nigeria. The study concluded that crucial component of fiscal policy that has a great impact on both the social and economic development of a nation, hence, tax savings demands attention from managers at all levels of management. The study recommended that Nigerian government needs subsidize cost of debt-financing for the companies operating in the country’s capital market and that stakeholders should develop the financial markets and make it accessible for firms to obtain long-term financing for economic growth and development.
YOLO: A Competitive Analysis of Modern Object Detection Algorithms for Road Defects Detection Using Drone Images

Efficient identification of road defects is a critical concern for road safety and infrastructure upkeep. This research employs drone-captured imagery and advanced object detection algorithms to expedite defect recognition, with a specific focus on determining the optimal algorithm for prompt and precise detection. The importance of timely road defect detection, crucial for mitigating potential hazards, remains central. A comprehensive comparative analysis of contemporary object detection algorithms, encompassing YOLOv5s, YOLOv5m, YOLOv5l, YOLOv5x, and YOLOv7. The results of this study highlight YOLOv7 as the most efficient, with a notable mAP of 68.3%, closely followed by YOLOv5l (66.8%), YOLOv5m (66.3%), YOLOv5x (66%), and YOLOv5s (63%). The integration of drone-derived imagery, capturing distinct gradients, significantly enhances defect detection accuracy. Beyond road safety, this study offers valuable insights to computer vision and machine learning practitioners. By bridging technological innovation with practical implementation, it holds potential to advance road safety and transportation infrastructure quality and the use of revolutionary drone technology.
Enhancing Social Sustainability via Branding Strategies among Personal Care and Cosmetics Customers: The Moderating Role of Brand Visibility

Sustainability has existed since the day it was originated by the Brundtland Commission in the year of 1987. The term sustainability has been vaguely defined and it creates different interpretations. In line with today’s economic situation, organizations increasingly perceive sustainability as an opportunity for them to gain a competitive advantage. In the current era, most of the powerful brands aspire to achieve the same social goal; hence business leaders and marketers are now facing a problem in maintaining its social sustainability. Most studies investigate social sustainability goals from the perspective of business operations. Results from the field study involving 420 customers from six (6) premier shopping malls across Kuala Lumpur demonstrated evidence for construct validity and reliability based on the multiple regression analysis, the result of the study of this study shows that only the Branded House strategy and Halal strategy were proven to have significant relationship with social sustainability. In terms of testing the hypotheses involving the moderating roles of the relationship between independent variable and dependent variable, 2 out of 4 hypotheses were supported in which brand visibility moderates the relationship between Halal branding and social sustainability, whereas brand visibility moderates the relationship between stand-alone strategy and social sustainability The implications of this research are, the organization needs to consider corporate dominant strategy and Halal strategy to ensure long-term business operation and this research also provides additional insight on social sustainability model by investigating the branding strategies namely corporate dominant, brand dominant, mixed branding and Halal branding.