Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multi-Threshold CMOS Digital Circuits: Managing Leakage Power

1. Introduction. - References. - 2. Leakage Power: Challenges and Solutions. - 2.1 Introduction. - 2.2 Power Dissipation in CMOS Digital Circuits. - 2.3 Impact of Technology Scaling on Leakage Power. - 2.4 (Vdd-Vth) Design Space. - 2.5 Total Power Management. - 2.6 Leakage Power Control Circuit Techniques. - 2.7 Chapter Summary. - References. - 3. Embedded Mtcmos Combinational Circuits. - 3.1 Introduction. - 3.2 Basic Concept. - 3.3 The Power Minimization Problem. - 3.4 Algorithms. - 3.5 Choosing the High-Vth Value. - 3.6 Chapter Summary. - References. - 4. Mtcmos Combinational Circuits Using Sleep Transistors. - 4.1 Introduction. - 4.2 MTCMOS Design: Overview. - 4.3 Variable Breakpoint Switch Level Simulator [1]. - 4.4 Hierarchical Sizing Based on Mutually Exclusive Discharge Patterns. - 4.5 Designing High-Vth Sleep Transistors, the Average Current Method [6]. - 4.6 Drawbacks of Techniques. - 4.7 Distributed Sleep Transistors [9] [10]. - 4.8 Clustering Techniques. - 4.9 Hybrid Heuristic Techniques. - 4.10 Virtual Ground Bounce. - 4.11 Results: Taking ground bounce into account. - 4.12 Power Management of Sleep Transistors. - 4.13 Chapter Summary. - References. - 5. Mtcmos Sequential Circuits. - 5.1 Introduction. - 5.2 MTCMOS Latch Circuit. - 5.3 MTCMOS Balloon Circuit. - 5.4 Intermittent Power Supply Scheme. - 5.5 Auto-Backgate-Controlled MTCMOS. - 5.6 Virtual Rails Clamp (VRC) Circuit. - 5.7 Leakage Sneak Paths in MTCMOS Sequential Circuits. - 5.8 Interfacing MTCMOS and CMOS blocks. - 5.9 Impact of the High-Vth and Low-Vth values on MTCMOS Sequential Circuit Design. - 5.10 Leakage Feedback Gates. - 5.11 Chapter Summary. - References. - 6. Mtcmos Dynamic Circuits. - 6.1 Introduction. - 6.2 Clock-Delayed Domino Logic: Overview. - 6.3 HS-Domino Logic. - 6.4 MTCMOS CD-Domino Logic: Analysis and Overview. - 6.5 MTCMOS HS-Domino (MHS-Domino) Logic. - 6.6 Domino Dual Cascode Voltage Switch Logic (DDCVSL). - 6.7 Chapter Summary. - References. - 7. Mtcmos Current-Steering Circuits. - 7.1 MOS Current Mode Logic: Overview. - 7.2 Introduction. - 7.3 Minimum Supply Voltage: First Constraint. - 7.4 Saturation Assurance: Second Constraint and the Proposed MTCMOS Design. - 7.5 A 2.5 Gbit/s 1:8 Demultiplexer in MTCMOS MCML. - 7.6 Impact of Using MTCMOS Technology Over MCML Parameters. - 7.7 Chapter Summary. - References.
Intensified Biological Signature Recognition in the Wild: A Case Study

The biological signature recognition seems to be a solved problem, but when these systems are tested in the wild their accuracy collapsed abruptly. A case study of “Face Recognition Through Camera (FRTC)” was designed to make a state of art for biological signature recognition in the wild system with minimum data set required to provide the highest accuracy. The FRTC system was designed by integrating the best qualities of modern recognition systems present in recent times (OpenCV and Face API) to intensify the biological signature recognition in the wild. The case study FRTC would be tested with the classroom attendance without prior information to the students. It was expected that FRTC would be more accurate than OpenCV and Face API. The results have shown the FRTC is more accurate, 7.02% and -1% than OpenCV and Face API respectively.
Financial Viability of the Aggregators Participation in the Regulation Reserve Market

There is an urgent need to reduce the combustion of fossil fuels and replace these sources with renewable energy sources. The two major renewable energy resources, solar PV and wind generation, are variable. This variability makes balancing the electrical system more difficult. One way to manage this volatile system is to use markets for ancillary services to ensure that the electrical grid can operate in a safe, efficient and reliable manner. This paper proposes a methodology for a group of smaller consumers to be aggregated together so that they can effectively bid into markets for ancillary services. The methodology is tested on the Portuguese reserve regulation market and the financial viability of such aggregation is explored. Results show that aggregating consumer bids for downward regulation services can be financially viable in the Portuguese market. Reducing the minimum bid size increased the participation of the consumers thus increasing revenues.
V2X Based Emergency Corridor for Safe and Fast Passage of Emergency Vehicle

In today's world, traffic jams are major concerns for emergency vehicles like Ambulances, Police cars and Fire Brigade trucks which get stuck in traffic and unable to reach their destinations in time, resulting in a possible loss of human lives. A better control over the transportation system can be achieved through the V2X based smart transportation. To deal with such emergency situations, this dissertation proposes a framework for automatic “Emergency Corridor” creation for speedy clearance of emergency vehicles. The traffic signal controller dynamically suspends the routine movement of traffic flow to provide the green phase to the approach containing the emergency vehicle using V2I communication while V2V communication makes the vehicles in the front to make way for the emergency vehicle. The work is simulated in the VEINS framework i.e. combination of SUMO and OMNeT++. We have compared the end to end travel time of Emergency vehicle with and without the proposed algorithm in two different traffic demand situations.
An Efficient Single-Phase Transformer-less Grid-tied Photovoltaic Inverter to Reduce Leakage Current and Improve Power Quality

Now-a-days, renewable energy has considered a potential source of energy to ensure the sustainable developments. Solar energy plays a vital role not only as a renewable energy source but also an environment friendly energy source. Power electronic inverter is commonly used to interconnect solar photovoltaic (PV) systems to power grids or ac loads. From last decades' industries have been developing solar PV inverters to make it transformer-less compact and lightweight, efficient, and grid friendly. This paper underpins a new single phase TLPV inverter topology, reducing extra leakage current, decreasing total harmonic distortion (THD) and improving power quality. Midpoint clamping method is applied to suppress leakage current. Unipolar sinusoidal pulse width modulation technique with zero dead time have been obtained to control the power switches that also helps to reduce the leakage current plus decreases THD by creating lower ripple on the output voltage. Seven super junction insulated gate bipolar transistors are used as the power switches. 10.28 mA leakage current has been recorded for the proposed inverter. The grid voltage and grid current THD have been recorded 0.42% and 1.62%, respectively. Besides 97.28% European efficiency has been found for this proposed H7 topology. The performance of the proposed inverter has been studied via MATLAB/Simulink simulation.
Automated generation of adaptive schematic network maps

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Super Learer: Stack Generalization Algorithm for AutoML

Model Selection and Ensembling are important and tedious tasks in the process of machine learning. To implement these processes, a lot of knowledge about machine learning as well as the application domain is needed. Often, many researchers perform trial and error methods to find the optimum model architecture for the application, and this process may take an indefinite amount of time. AutoML reduces the burden on the user and saves time, which can be used to invest in other important tasks like data gathering and analyzing the results produced. There are various state-of-the-art ensembling techniques like bagging, boosting, stacking, blending, etc. In this paper, we propose a variant of Super Learner which is a finely-tuned algorithm based on Stack Generalization. This algorithm is proposed for supervised learning on tabular-labeled datasets for prediction and classification tasks. We compare the performance of this ensemble with the traditional super learner algorithm as well as individual base models. These results show that the proposed variant of Super Learner outperforms the base learner models and the traditional Super Learner algorithm.
Isoform-Specific Role of Akt Kinase in Cancer and its Selective Targeting by Potential Anticancer Natural Agents

Akt kinase is a serine/threonine kinase that plays an important role in different cellular processes such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, glucose metabolism, transcription, and cell migration. It has three isoforms (Akt1, 2, and 3) that have distinct and sometimes contrasting functions in different cancers. However, to date, most of the inhibitors are directed against Akt kinase generally which would not serve the purpose due to the lack of isoform selectivity and offtarget toxicity. Therefore, the present study is an elementary step towards the demarcation of the natural inhibitors available from food sources and dietary supplements using in silico methods. To demarcate the natural agents and general Akt kinase inhibitors into Akt isoformspecific inhibitors. The genetic alterations data for Akt isoforms were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas datasets. The protein sequence alignment was achieved using PRALINE program. The modeling of Akt3 protein and its evaluation was performed by ModWeb Server and PROCHECK program, respectively. The docking was performed by using Schrödinger Glide software. Differential pattern of genetic alterations of Akt isoforms was observed in different cancers. The protein sequence alignment has shown both the conserved as well as the non- conserved region of Akt isoforms. The structure of Akt3 was successfully modeled and evaluated. Finally, with the help of molecular docking, the natural agents and general Akt inhibitors have been segregated into Akt isoform-specific inhibitors based on the derived Glide Score (GScore). Isoform-specific inhibition of Akt would have huge clinical significance and research should be commenced in preclinical and clinical settings.
A Novel Hybrid Approach Towards Parking Space Occupancy Detection

There has been a considerable growth in the volume of road traffic in India. As a result, the demand for parking spaces has increased. Due to less availability of parking spaces, commuters spend many hours on average searching for one. Improper management of the same has lead to overcrowding of roads with vehicles, causing air pollution as well. Thus, to ease the process of locating vacant parking spaces and making this information available for commuters, this paper proposes an end-to-end parking system. The system employs a combined approach, referred to as the Hybrid Model, using Mask R-CNN and YOLOv3 to determine the occupancy status of parking slots and update it in real-time for users to view. A new metric, MDR, was devised to evaluate the car detection performance of Mask R-CNN, YOLOv3, and the Hybrid Model.
A Hybrid Bio-inspired Algorithm for Routing in Software Defined Networks

Software-Defined Networking (SDN) is an emerging architecture that decouples the network control and forwarding functions for enabling programmability of the underlying infrastructure. In SDN, the control plane makes decisions, and the data plane forwards the packets as decided by the control plane. Traditional networks lack intelligence and are ineffective in providing QoS due to the tight coupling of planes. Thus, optimal route computation in these networks is challenging due to congestion on links, causing the inefficient utilization of resources. SDN helps in design of optimal routing algorithms compared to traditional networks due to the complete knowledge of topology and programmability. Recently, bio-inspired network systems have gained importance for solving challenging networking issues. Bio-inspired algorithms provide optimal routing solutions using nature's biological systems and organisms. In this work, we propose a dynamic routing mechanism to compute the optimal route using a hybrid bio-inspired optimization algorithm. A hybrid approach using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) is used to compute an optimal path. Proposed algorithm is implemented in Mininet emulator using POX controller. The performance is evaluated with other algorithms using average throughput and delay for different scenarios. The results show that hybrid approach of route computation performs better than other approaches.
High quality micromachined inductors for integrated communication systems

ii Measured data of inductors have been accurately matched using an equivalent compact model based on frequency-independent elements. Accurate matching of measured performances have also been provided by full-wave EM simulations. In general, the measured performances challenge those exhibited by state-ofthe-art micromachined inductors with similar inductance values. Moreover, the proposed planar geometry is more robust compared to reported developments of suspended or out-of-plane assembled architectures and consequently can withstand violent mechanical shocks and vibrations and also simplifies the packaging procedure of the final device. A library of 500 inductors ranging from 0.5 to 20 nH has been established. With the insight gained from the various trends issued from the analysis of experimental data, a set of design rules aiming at the improvement of the performances from a layout point of view has been delineated. In addition, the study of inductor performances as a function of the layout parameters has made possible to design inductors tailored for a given inductance value. The RF characterization of these optimized inductors has pointed out inductance values falling within 5% of their predicted value. As a further step of the research, lumped-element baluns have been fabricated by co-integrating optimized inductors with MIM capacitors so as to form low-pass and high-pass filter sections. The proposed baluns are designed for operating in a 50 Ω-single-ended/100 Ω-balanced environment and target the ISM frequency band (2400-2480 MHz). Typical values of amplitude imbalance obtained within the frequency band of interest are 0.45-0.55 dB and the corresponding phase imbalance is less than 2°. The reflection loss at the single-ended port, S11 is generally better than -20 dB. The single-to-differential insertion loss, Sds21 ranges from -0.8 to -1.0 dB. In general, these performances are comparable to published results concerning micromachined baluns of similar type. In conclusion, the promising performances obtained from the proposed inductors and baluns make these devices well-suited building-blocks for implementing low-power wireless communication systems.
Effect of Conductor Current on Space Charge Accumulation in HVDC Cable Insulation

Space charge behavior and its understanding in a cable is essential to ensure the reliability of its insulation. A cable under operation experiences a thermal stress associated with the Joule's heating effect because of current in the conductor, which hitherto gives rise to a temperature gradient in the cable insulation domain. In this paper, space charge behavior associated with the temperature gradient has been simulated and temporal studies have been carried out. The modelling is performed using finite element method (FEM). Effect of conductor current on space charge density at different time instances along with interesting observations with temperature variation is presented. Further, space charge accumulation dependency on electric field has been reported.
An Integrative Data Mining Approach to Identify Purinergic Signaling Genes and Associated Neurodegenerative Diseases

Purinergic receptor-mediated signaling play important roles in the regulation of numerous physiological and pathological processes, including neurodegenerative diseases. Purinergic receptors are a class of membrane-bound proteins that signal through ATP, ADP or Adenosine during endothelial-mediated vasodilatation, inflammation, immune response, inflammation, platelet aggregation and blood flow regulation in different tissues. Although a number of genes are known to involve in the diseases of central nervous system, it is unclear how genes encoding purinoceptors are associated with neurodegeneration process of human brain. In this work, we applied an integrative data mining approach to the curated genomic and RNA-sequence databases for identifying genes that are functionally associated with purinergic signaling, and most common neurodegenerative diseases. Based on gene ontology and functional enrichment analyses of extensive data on genes and tissue-level gene expressions, 33 purinergic genes were identified. Functional mapping of these genes with hereditary disease genes revealed association of genes ADORA2A, P2RX7, P2RY1, P2RY2, P2RY4, P2RY6 with Alzheimer's disease, ADORA2A with Parkinson's disease, ADA, ADORA2A, P2RX7 with Huntington's disease, respectively.
A Novel Transactive Energy Model for Reliable Operation of Resilient Multi-Microgrids Cluster

Nowadays, as energy networks are mixed to form a hybrid structure, resiliency is found as a vital factor for the sustainability of the energy network infrastructure. In this regard, microgrids are recognized as a potential solution in post-disaster energy network recovery efforts. However, exposure to various natural disasters, as well as uncertainties associated with renewables, have introduced the resiliency challenge as a critical issue in the optimal operation of multi-microgrids. To tackle such challenge, this paper advances the state-of-art microgrid energy sharing technique by developing an innovative transactive energy trading model for the optimal resilient operation of the renewable-based multi-microgrids cluster. The proposed transactive energy-based model is intended to improve the resiliency of microgrids in the sustainable energy supply chain after affecting the system by natural disasters. Due to the operation of microgrids with a high contribution of renewable energy sources (RESs), uncertainty quantification is performed using autoregressive integrated moving average and fast forward selection methods to produce and reduce scenarios, respectively. The effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed model are examined using a modified IEEE-10 bus test system. The results indicate a 6.18% reduction in the operation cost of the multi-microgrids under the proposed transactive energy-based model.
Dynamic modeling and simulation of a pressurized alkaline water electrolyzer: a multiphysics approach

In this paper a dynamic model for the simulation of pressurized alkaline water electrolyzers is presented. The model has been developed following a multiphysics approach, integrating electrochemical, thermodynamic, heat transfer and gas evolution processes in order to faithfully reproduce the complete dynamical behavior of these systems. The model has been implemented on MATLAB/Simulink and validated through experimental data from a 1 Nm3 h-1 commercial alkaline water electrolyzer, and the simulated results have been found to be consistent with the real measured values. This model has a great potential to predict the behavior of alkaline water electrolyzers coupled with renewable energy sources, making it a very useful tool for designing efficient green hydrogen production systems.
Determinations of Tourist Outbound Travel Intention in Sarawak: Does Gender Really Matter?

Travel decision making has been studied comprehensively. Many travelers have expanded their range of choices, which preferred to travel to abroad instead of local destination. The aim of the study is to discover the significant determinants that leading outbound travel intention. Besides, the study also investigate the moderating effect of gender on outbound travel intention in Sarawak context. The current study employed Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) as a theoretical foundation to test the determinants of outbound travel intention. The primary data and hypotheses were examined using SmartPLS. The study proposes 10 hypotheses, of which the data support 4. A person-administered questionnaire consisting of multiple item scales was developed. A quantitative survey was conducted at four selected entry points, namely Miri Airport, Kuching Airport, Bintulu Airport, and Sibu Airport. Individual travelers have been the focus of the research study. Non-probability purposive and snowball sampling strategies were utilized. A total number of 358 respondents took part in this study. Results indicated that online marketing communication, personal involvement, and novelty and knowledge had a direct influence on outbound tourism intention. A significantly negative relation between life satisfaction and eWOM and outbound travel intention. These significant determinants were played important parts in shaping the outbound tourism flow from Sarawak. Surprisingly, the study found that gender is only moderate the relationship between eWOM and outbound travel intention. The paper extends the existing literature regarding new responses variables which are associated with outbound tourism intention. It also provide a better understanding of outbound tourism behavior among the Sarawakian. Additionally, it provides insightful implications especially for Ministry of Tourism in Sarawak, Sarawak Tourism Organization, and tourism operators. Some theoretical and practical implications, limitations of the study, and recommendations for future research are highlighted in this study.
Thermodynamic Properties from Calorimetry and Density Functional Theory and the Thermogravimetric Analysis of the Fullerene Derivative C60(OH)40

This paper presents experimental and simulated isobaric heat capacities of the C60(OH)40 fullerenol in the temperature range from T = 0 to 320 K along with the values of standard thermodynamic functions: Sm°, [Φm°(T) – Φm°(0)], and [Hm°(T) – Hm°(0)]. Furthermore, the molar entropy of formation and the molar third law entropy of C60(OH)40 in the crystalline state at T = 298.15 K were calculated. The results of the simultaneous thermal analysis reveal that C60(OH)40 is stable up to 340 K, and further increase of temperature leads to the destruction of the fullerene derivative and the oxidation of the fullerene core.
High-Resolution Beamforming Techniques Performance Analysis,

Abstract : Seven different beamforming techniques (including both conventional and high-resolution types) have been analyzed and compared in order to develop a quantitative relationship between resolution performance on the other hand and detection and the accuracy of bearing estimation on the other. The techniques discussed are the Blackman-Tukey Conventional, the Weiner Conventional, the Capon Adaptive and the Maximum entropy Beamformers, and the Optimal, the Johnson, and the Schmidt Eigenvector Methods. Detection performance, accuracy, and resolution of the different techniques are discussed and tabulated. Keywords: Statistical analysis.