Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Investigating the Efficacy of Peripheral Nerve Stimulation and Spinal Cord Stimulation for Providing Natural Somatosensory Feedback in Bionic Prostheses for Transhumeral Amputees

Limb amputation results in such devastating consequences as loss of motor and sensory functions and phantom limb pain (PLP). Here we explored peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS), spinal cord stimulation (SCS) and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) as the approaches to enable tactile and proprioceptive sensations in amputees, and suppress PLP. We investigated the efficacy of these approaches for sensory discrimination tasks, namely determining object size and softness using a bionic prosthesis of the hand. Two transhumeral amputees were implanted for four weeks with stimulating electrodes placed in the medial nerve and/or epidurally over the spinal cord. Both PNS and SCS mapped to the sensation in different parts of the phantom hand, which was confirmed by both subjective reports and electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings of cortical responses to stimulation. Surprisingly, PNS provided more naturalistic sensations compared to SNS. Moreover, these sensations were felt as emerging from the prosthetic hand when the participants performed sensorimotor tasks where they determined the size and softness of objects being grasped. As they practiced in these tasks, the prosthetic sensations became more natural. While the participants could perform some of the tasks, for example tactile surface exploration, using auditory feedback, PNS and/or SCS have a benefit of better approximating the sensations lost to the amputation while suppressing PLP.
The historical fingerprint and future impact of climate change on childhood malaria in Africa

The health burden of anthropogenic climate change is growing exponentially, but present-day impacts remain difficult to measure. Here, we leverage a recently-published comprehensive dataset of 50,425 population surveys to investigate whether human-caused climate change has increased the burden of childhood malaria across sub-Saharan Africa. In historical data, we find that prevalence shows a robust response to temperature and extreme precipitation, consistent with expectations from previous empirical and epidemiological work. Comparing historical climate reconstructions to counterfactual simulations without anthropogenic warming, we find two-to-one odds that human-caused climate change has increased the overall prevalence of childhood malaria across sub-Saharan Africa since 1901. We estimate that by 2014, human-caused climate change was responsible for an average of 84 excess cases of malaria per 100,000 children ages 2 to 10, with higher elevation and cooler regions in southern and east Africa having greater increases. Under future climate change, we project increasing temperatures could plausibly accelerate the eradication of malaria in west and central Africa, where the present-day burden is highest, leading to continent-wide average reductions of 89 (low greenhouse gas emissions, SSP1-RCP2.6) to 1,750 (high emissions, SSP5-RCP8.5) cases per 100,000 children by the end of the century. However, we find that limiting future global warming to below 2 degrees C (SSP1-RCP2.6) compared to ~3 degrees C (SSP2-RCP4.5) could prevent an average of 496 excess cases in southern Africa, and 40 excess cases in east Africa, per 100,000 children by 2100. Our study resolves a decades-old debate about one of the earliest health impacts of global warming, and provides a template for future work measuring the true global burden of climate change.
Exploring the Association between Contraceptive Use and Women's tolerance towards Domestic Violence: Evidence from MICS 2019 Survey

Background Access to contraception is crucial for preventing unintended pregnancies and promoting reproductive rights. In Bangladesh, the contraceptive prevalence rate (CPR) has increased over the decades. However, domestic violence (DV) remains a major concern. Women who experience DV are more likely to have unintended pregnancies and abortions. They are also more likely to live in poverty and experience depression and anxiety. Objective This study aimed to assess the relationship between contraceptive use and women's tolerance of DV in Bangladesh. Methods Data from the Bangladesh Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) 2019 was used for the study. The sample size was 47,692 women aged 15-49; data were analyzed using Jamovi software (version 2.3.26). Ethical considerations were strictly followed. Results The study found a contraception utilization rate of 66.5% among Bangladeshi women of reproductive age. Factors associated with contraceptive use included age, residence, education level of the woman, marital structure, wealth index, and tolerance for domestic violence. Women with high tolerance towards domestic violence had higher odds (AOR: 1.1; 95% CI: 1.017-1.189; p = 0.017) of using contraception than women with no tolerance. Conclusion The study's result suggest a complex relationship between contraceptive use, women's tolerance of domestic violence, and other factors such as age, education, wealth, location, etc. Programs and policies are needed to promote contraceptive use in Bangladesh. Efforts should target socioeconomic, cultural, and psychological factors and barriers which are faced by women exposed to domestic violence. By tackling these challenges, programs, and policies can effectively promote contraception use and improve women's reproductive health.
Zoo-holoplankton assemblages in the surrounding waters of Kamal Western Part of Seram Island Maluku Indonesia

Zoo-holoplankton dynamic between the sites are useful to knowledge with the regard to the characteristic of the areas and in relative to the community structure of zoo-holoplankton.The research conducted in the surrounding waters of Kamal village, the western part of Seram Island, Maluku Province. Zoo-holoplankton organisms collected from six-fixed Research stations consisted of different characteristics, namely stations 1 and 2 are Fish Aggregation Device placement areas, station 3 is the area for setting the lift nets, stations 4 and 6 are in front of the river mouth and station 5 is in the coral reef area. Sampling done every two weeks by using zooplankton net (diameter of 45 cm) sled with a 200 µm meshed. The result showed that the composition of zoo-holoplankton consisted of 37 genera from 8 phylum, 9 classes, and 28 families. There were about 9 genera (Calanus sp, Calocalanus sp, Acartia sp, Centropages sp, Oithona sp, Onceae sp, Corycaeus sp and Copilia sp), which found in all stations and periods. While some genera are only present at certain stations or periods (Eucalanus sp, Labidocera sp, Sapphirina sp, and Evadne sp). The abundance of zoo-holoplankton peaked at station 5 (16,332 ind/m−3) in the third period, while the lowest was at station 1 (809 ind/m−3) in the second period. Similarities indices was high between station 1 and 2 during the whole period (91%, 82% and 78%) and was low between station 1 and 6 (In the first period) and station 3 and 5. We noticed that differences characteristic of sampling areas leading to the abundance and the genera numbers of zoo-holoplankton.
Assessment of habitat and reef fish population characteristics in Pari Island cluster waters Seribu Archipelago Indonesia

The Pari Island Cluster, located on the Southside of the Seribu Archipelago, is bordered by Jakarta and Tangerang Regency is covered Pari, Kudus, and Tikus Islands. The Pari Island cluster has potential ecosystems, such as coral reefs, seagrass, and mangrove. The presentation of this article is an overview of the results of research conducted by the Research Institute for Marine Fisheries and the Research Institute for Fisheries Enhancement, The Agency for Marine and Fisheries Research and Human Resources. This study aims to present and describe habitat and reef fish populations. The assessment result shows that the criteria for the coral reefs’ health were poor to good, mostly moderate, the best in the southeast and northeast waters, which had been designated MPAs. Reef fish population density on the criteria was very rare or low at all observation sites. The dominant group was Caesio cuning, Cephalopholis boenak, Scarus ghobban (target group), and Chaetodon octofasciatus (indicator group). The implementation hopes Pari Island Cluster waters would expand to be designated MPAs due to the large number of care areas used for fishing territories.
The Small-Scale Tuna Fisheries at Yaholu Village, Central Maluku Regency, Indonesia

The small-scale tuna fisheries in Yaholu Village operated on a Fair Trade USA basis and non-Fair Trade basis. The study of sustainable management of small-scale tuna fisheries was conducted from May to July 2021. This study aimed to assess the sustainability status of tuna fisheries operated based on fair trade and non-fair and recommend a strategy for sustainable management strategy. Rapid appraisal for sustainable status and Drives, Pressure, State, Impact, Response (DPSIR) method was used to assess the tuna fishery’s sustainable status and management strategy. Overall, the sustainability for Fair trade was 73.51%, while for non-Fair Trade was 54.02%, the lowest dimension was institutional from non-Fair with a value of 32.82% from a 1 00% sustainable scale. The most sensitive attribute towards sustainability was the migratory range with a Root Mean Square of 6.46. According to DPSIR analysis, there were 5 strategies proposed for small-scale tuna fisheries sustainability at Yaholu Village.
Event Based Formalization of Communication Properties for an E-Commerce Protocol: An Event-B Approach

The objective of this paper aims at modeling and analysis of communication properties of an E-commerce protocol with the Event-B language. NetBill protocol is developed for selling and buying of information and goods through the Internet. In this approach, we have used Event-B as proof-based development method which integrates proof techniques for writing specifications and building the model systematically using refinement, the key point is to start with a very abstract model of the system under development. Step by step details are added to this first model by building a series of more concrete ones. This strategy eases the proof of the correctness of requirements because only a small number of proof obligations are generated at each step. The aims are constructing a model with a clear and accurate formulation of the communication protocol properties and discharge of all proof obligations. The outcome of this procedure was that we achieved a very high degree of automatic proof. We reached a good degree of automatic proof. All interactive proofs involved a small number of steps and were straightforward to reach.
Targets and Therapy

: Diabetes mellitus affects 24 million individuals in the US. In order to manage their diabetes successfully, patients must adhere to treatment regimens that include dietary restrictions, physical activity goals, and self-monitoring of glucose levels. Numerous factors affect patients’ ability to adhere properly, eg, self-efficacy, treatment expectations, health beliefs
Workgroup Members

This study explores one of the contributors to group composition – the basis on which people choose others with whom they want to work. We use a combined model to explore individual attributes, relational attributes, and previous structural ties as determinants of work partner choice. Four years of data from participants in 33 small project groups were collected, some of which reflects individual participant characteristics and some which is social network data measuring the previous relationship between two participants. Our results suggest that when selecting future group members people are biased toward others of the same race, others who have a reputation for being competent and hard working, and others with whom they have developed strong working relationships in the past. These results suggest that people strive for predictability when choosing future work group members.
in press). Impact of symbolic gesturing on early language development. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior .

This is the article in which we present the most important findings from our NIH-sponsored longitudinal study of the impact on verbal development of purposefully encouraging infants to use symbolic gestures. Standardized tests of both receptive and expressive language development had been administered at 11, 15, 19, 24, 30, and 36 months to both an experimental group of babies (Baby Signers) and two control groups. Results demonstrated a clear advantage for the Baby Signers, thereby laying to rest the most frequently voiced concern of parents – that Baby Signing might hamper learning to talk. In fact, the good news is that Baby Signing actually facilitates verbal language development. Abstract
(1, n) Congruences

The first order algebraic congruences are classified into two basic classes which depend on their directing curves. By the method of synthetic geometry, we investigated the basic properties for each of these classes: the construction of rays, singularities, decomposition into developable surfaces, focal properties and the types of rays. The paper ends with a short analytical approach, which enables the visualizations of these congruences in the program Mathematica. Some exmples are shown.
Genotype profiles of high-risk human papillomavirus in women of reproductive age: A community-based study

Purpose This research is a preliminary study to observe the high-risk HPV infection profile among asymptomatic women, as a basis for developing Indonesian-specific reagents and implementing a national vaccination program. Methods The research subjects were female employees/families of BUMN (state-owned enterprises) who underwent annual routine medical check-up. The research sample was a cervical swab which was examined using the Cobas® 6800 platform for HPV identification and INNO Lipa (Fujirebio) kit for identification of the genotype. Results Out of 858 cervical swab samples collected in this study, 31 samples were excluded as they had invalid results from the initial examination, so the remaining 827 samples continued this study protocol. Of those samples, 69 (8%) samples gave positive results, giving an overall HPV prevalence of 8%. Among HPV-positive samples, HPV 52 was the most common genotype (N = 15, 21.7%) found as both single-infection and multiple infections. The median age of subjects was 38 years. There were nine samples (13%) with multiple infections of two or more genotypes and seven samples (10.1%) with no specific genotype identified. Conclusion HPV prevalence was 8%, with HPV 52 being the most common high-risk type, making it a necessity to develop a diagnostic kit and vaccine for national vaccination program that is specific for Indonesian population which includes this genotype.
Prevalence and risk factors of schistosomiasis and hookworm infection in seasonal transmission settings in northern Côte d’Ivoire: A cross-sectional study

Background Schistosomiasis and hookworm infection remain public health problems in large parts of sub-Saharan Africa. The epidemiology of schistosomiasis and hookworm was studied in seasonal transmission settings in the northern part of Côte d’Ivoire. Methodology In August 2018, a cross-sectional study was conducted. Urine and stool samples were collected from 742 individuals aged 6–96 years in 16 localities from four departments in northern Côte d’Ivoire. Urine samples were examined by a filtration method for quantification of Schistosoma haematobium eggs. Stool samples were subjected to duplicate Kato-Katz thick smears and eggs of Schistosoma mansoni and soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) were counted. Additionally, a questionnaire was administered to determine demographic characteristics and to identify risk factors of schistosomiasis and STHs. Malacologic surveys were carried out at water points that are contacted by humans and animals. Principal findings The prevalence of schistosomiasis was very low. Only two cases of S. mansoni were found (0.3%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.1–1.0%). The distribution of S. haematobium was focal, with cases found only in two departments; Ferkessédougou (5.4%, 95% CI: 2.5–9.9%) and Ouangolodougou (2.7%, 95% CI: 0.9–6.3%). Hookworm was the only STH species observed with a prevalence of 1.5% (95% CI: 0.8–2.8%). A higher risk of S. haematobium infection was observed in males compared to females, but the difference was not statistically significant (2.3% versus 1.3%, odds ratio [OR]: 1.5, 95% CI: 0.8–2.7). Participants aged 16–20 years showed the highest prevalence of S. haematobium. A total of 111 human- and animal-water contact points were identified at 47 water sources. Three potential intermediate host snails of schistosomes were collected; namely, Bulinus forskalii (n = 761), Bulinus truncatus (n = 205), and Biomphalaria pfeifferi (n = 1). Yet, only one specimen of Bu. truncatus was found to be shedding schistosome cercariae. Conclusions/Significance This study confirms very low transmission of schistosomiasis and hookworm in northern Côte d’Ivoire. The establishment and rigorous implementation of integrated surveillance-response systems could lead to the elimination of schistosomiasis and hookworm in this part of Côte d’Ivoire.
Transcultural adaptation of a scale for exclusive breastfeeding to be used in Brazil

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to perform a cross-cultural adaptation of the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale in Exclusive Breastfeeding for use in a Brazilian-Portuguese context. METHODS: The cross-cultural adaptation process involved the translation from original English into Brazilian Portuguese by two qualified and independent translators. Both translations were synthesized into a single version that was back-translated into English. An expert committee was created to assess linguistic equivalences, formulating a pre-final version that was tested on ten nursing women attending a maternity hospital. To assess its psychometric properties, a cross-sectional study was carried out. The population consisted of 99 nursing women from a reference maternity hospital in southern Brazil. The scale’s stability and internal consistency were measured through Cronbach’s alpha. The Pearson’s correlation coefficient and the intraclass correlation coefficient between two applications were assessed to ascertain the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale in Exclusive Breastfeeding-Br scale’s reliability. The construct validity was evaluated through exploratory factorial analysis. RESULTS: The Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale in Exclusive Breastfeeding-Br showed a general Cronbach’s alpha of 0.849. The test-retest analysis showed a Pearson’s correlation coefficient of 0.483 and intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.645. The exploratory factorial analysis showed two domains among the nine items of the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale in Exclusive Breastfeeding-Br: the functional domain, including six items, and the cognitive domain, including three items, explaining 59.77% of the variance. CONCLUSION: The Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale in Exclusive Breastfeeding-Br was considered adequate for the cultural context and reliable and valid for Brazilian nursing women.
Biological investigation of resinous endodontic sealers containing calcium hydroxide

The purpose of this study was to evaluate, in vivo, the biocompatibility, biomineralization, collagen maturation and the in vitro antibacterial and cytotoxicity of resinous endodontic sealers containing calcium hydroxide. Forty rats were implanted with polyethylene tubes containing Sealer 26, Sealer Plus, Dia-ProSeal and an empty tube, examined after 7, 15, 30 and 60 days. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated against Enterococcus faecalis by Agar Diffusion Test (ADT) through inhibition zones. For cytotoxicity, undifferentiated pulp cells (OD-21) were cultured and assessed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, exposed to dilution of serial extracts at 6, 24, 48h. Cytotoxicity was analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni correction. Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn test was performed for nonparametric data (p<0.05). MTT assay revealed cell proliferation affected by sealers extract in all periods (p<0.0001), except for Dia-Proseal and Sealer Plus ⅛ dilution. Subcutaneous analysis showed at day 7th moderate inflammatory infiltration. After 30 days, Sealer 26 still showed moderate inflammatory infiltrate compared to mild inflammation from control and Dia-ProSeal (p = 0.006). At day 60th, all groups showed similar mild inflammatory infiltrate (p>0.05). Sealer 26 induced more biomineralization than other sealers in all periods. At 7 and 15 days, all sealers had significant percentage of immature collagen fibers. After 60 days Sealer 26 showed more mature fibers compared to other sealers (p<0.001). All sealers had a smaller zone of inhibition than chlorhexidine, but with no significant difference among any group (p>0.05). All sealers showed satisfactory biological responses with in vitro/in vivo biocompatibility and antimicrobial activity against planktonic bacteria. Sealer 26 induced more biomineralization than Sealer Plus and Dia-ProSeal.
Updates in hematopoietic cell transplant and cellular therapies that enhance the risk for opportunistic infections

Infectious disease physicians may be asked to evaluate and manage a variety of infections in immunocompromised hosts undergoing hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) and cellular therapies. Over the last decade, several advances in cellular therapy have occurred, with implications for the types of infectious complications that may be seen.