Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Manifestation of Impression Management in Corporate Reporting in Jse Top 40 Listed Companies

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to exposes impression management in the developing country, with a specific focus on the Top 40 Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE). Despite not being required by the International Financial Reporting Standards, the Chairperson's statement is the most read statement among the more than 80% of listed companies. The study investigated profitable and unprofitable companies' use of impression management through passive voice and personal references. Methodology: Secondary data in form of annual reports were used and self-attribution theory was used as framework. Mixed content analysis was used. Using a targeted sample, the study differentiated between 20 profitable and 20 unprofitable companies, based on the change in pre-tax profit between fiscal 2019 and fiscal 2020. Findings: Profitable and unprofitable companies used self-attribution bias. The Mann-Whitney test finds no significant difference despite profitable organizations’ using more self-attribution than unprofitable companies. The continued use of impression management deceives investors and impairs their ability to make informed decisions Implications: The study sends a strong warning to potential investors on use of impression management by listed companies. Further, the study further adds to the debate on impression management through self-attribution in corporate reporting.
Distance‐targeted competitive follower‐attraction containment control for multi‐agent systems with weighted directed graphs

This paper studies competitive containment control problems of the leader‐follower multi‐agent systems with weighted directed graphs. Two leaders compete to minimize the ultimate distances from the followers, by directly connecting with some of the followers and allocating weights on these connections. This competition is characterized by a nonzero‐sum game due to the existence of singular strategies. With the help of matrix series and Geršgorin discs, we provide the gradients and the convexity of the payoff functions on the differentiable strategy sets. By constructing auxiliary strategy sets which elaborately exclude the singular strategies and deeply analyzing the Karush‐Kuhn‐Tucker conditions, existence and uniqueness of the Nash equilibrium are rigorously examined, and a sufficient and necessary algebraic condition for this Nash equilibrium is further obtained. For a special case where all followers can be connected with meanwhile a degree condition for the interaction graph is satisfied, we find each leader tends to build connections with all followers and destroy the distribution fashion of multi‐agent systems. All above analysis indicates that some typical phenomena in game theory models such as Pigs' Payoff and Prisoner's Dilemma similarly exist in the multi‐agent containment control systems. Lastly, two Nash equilibrium seeking algorithms are proposed for leaders to select their rational strategies.
miR-199a-5p Reduces Chondrocyte Hypertrophy and Attenuates Osteoarthritis Progression via the Indian Hedgehog Signal Pathway

Osteoarthritis (OA), the most common type of arthritis, is an age-associated disease, characterized by the progressive degradation of articular cartilage, synovial inflammation, and degeneration of subchondral bone. Chondrocyte proliferation is regulated by the Indian hedgehog (IHH in humans, Ihh in animals) signaling molecule, which regulates hypertrophy and endochondral ossification in the development of the skeletal system. microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) are a family of about 22-nucleotide endogenous non-coding RNAs, which negatively regulate gene expression. In this study, the expression level of IHH was upregulated in the damaged articular cartilage tissues among OA patients and OA cell cultures, while that of miR-199a-5p was the opposite. Further investigations demonstrated that miR-199a-5p could directly regulate IHH expression and reduce chondrocyte hypertrophy and matrix degradation via the IHH signal pathway in the primary human chondrocytes. The intra-articular injection of synthetic miR-199a-5p agomir attenuated OA symptoms in rats, including the alleviation of articular cartilage destruction, subchondral bone degradation, and synovial inflammation. The miR-199a-5p agomir could also inhibit the Ihh signaling pathway in vivo. This study might help in understanding the role of miR-199a-5p in the pathophysiology and molecular mechanisms of OA and indicate a potential novel therapeutic strategy for OA patients.
Effects of nonadiabaticity on applications of the ponderomotive force near gyroresonance

The enhancement of the ponderomotive potential near gyroresonance is investigated both experimentally and theoretically. Due to nonadiabaticity the maximum value of the ponderomotive potential is limited by the transit time of the particle through the r.f. field structure. The results have important implications for isotope separation and r.f. plugging of fusion plasmas.
Fibrations, logical predicates and indeterminates

Within the framework of categorical logic/type theory, we provide a category-theoretic account of some logical concepts, i.e. first-order logical predicates for simply typed lambda-calculus, structural induction for inductive data types, and indeterminates for polymorphic calculi. The main concept which underlies the issues above is that of fibration, which gives an abstract presentation of the indexing present in all cases: predicates indexed by types/contexts in first-order logic and types indexed by kinds in polymorphic calculi. The characterisation of the logical concepts in terms of fibrations relies on a fundamental property of adjunctions between fibrations, which in particular relates some structure in the total category of a fibration with that of the fibres. Suitable instances of this property reflect the above-mentioned logical concepts in an abstract way, independently of their syntactic presentation, thereby illuminating their main features.
Habitual Videogame Playing Does Not Compromise Subjective Sleep Quality and Is Associated with Improved Daytime Functioning

Research on the effects of videogames (VGs) on health has produced mixed results. Here, we assess the relationships of VG playing with sleep; chronotype; sleepiness; and levels of depression, anxiety, and stress; and how they are modulated by the level of exposure to VGs. Four hundred-and two adult participants (age = 26.2 ± 7.84; 227 F) completed an online survey including questions on VG use and a set of standardized questionnaires. The sample was divided into three groups: habitual gamers (HGs, 42.2%), nonhabitual gamers (NHGs, 36.5%), and non-gamers (NGs, 21.3%). No between-group differences emerged in sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale) or Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index measures except the sleep disturbances subscore, which was higher in NHGs. HGs showed delayed bed- and risetimes and higher eveningness (reduced Morningness–Eveningness Questionnaire). HGs and NHGs showed higher depression subscores (Depression Anxiety Stress Scale) but remained in the subclinical range. Moreover, hours/week of VG playing predicted delayed sleep timing, lower daytime dysfunction, and lower sleepiness. Our data suggest that VG playing does not necessarily compromise sleep quality and may even benefit daytime functioning, underlining the need to reconsider the relationships between VG use and health by taking into account possible modulating factors such as habitual VG exposure.
Revenue Analytics: The Problem With Fixed-Tier Pricing

With the widely used fixed-tier computerized pricing system (e.g., based on the best available rate or BAR), fenced discount rates are set and updated as a fixed percentage of the base rate such as the BAR. This intuitive computer-automated solution to a complex pricing issue is, however, theoretically suboptimal. The study demonstrates why the practice of using fixed-tier pricing is suboptimal, showing that this fixed-tier approach is inferior even when the initial set of fenced rates is optimal and even in the unlikely scenario of the various market segments’ demand curves shifting proportionally. As such, practitioners should avoid using a convenient fixed-tier pricing model (BAR-based or not) where only one pricing optimization is run and the rest of the fenced prices are calculated based on this optimized price using fixed percentages. Instead, a fenced-rate pricing system where individual segments are treated independently, and optimizations are run for each segment should be adopted.
An H∞ approach to linear iterative learning control design

A new design methodology for iterative learning control systems is developed. It is based on the convergence condition for systems operating on an infinite time interval which is of the H∞ type. The principal idea of the design technique is to design a learning controller such that the speed of convergence is maximized, with a compromise to robustness. The issue of finite versus infinite trial lengths is addressed, as well as limitations on the best achievable rate of convergence due to structural properties of the plant.
LMI-based techniques for solving quadratic distance problems

The computation of the minimum distance from a point to a surface in a finite dimensional space is a key issue in several system analysis and control problems. The paper presents a general framework in which some classes of minimum distance problems are tackled via LMI techniques. Exploiting a suitable representation of homogeneous forms, a lower bound to the solution of a canonical quadratic distance problem is obtained by solving a one-parameter family of LMI optimization problems. Several properties of the proposed technique are discussed. In particular, tightness of the lower bound is investigated, providing both a simple algorithmic procedure for a posteriori optimality testing and a structural condition on the related homogeneous form that ensures optimality a priori. Extensive numerical simulations are reported showing promising performances of the proposed method.
The radio appearance of compact H II regions - VLA observations of G31.28 + 0.06, G33.92 + 0.11, and G34.25 + 0.14

Multifrequency VLA continuum and spectral line observations of the three H II regions G 31.28+0.06, G 33.92+0.11, and G 34.25+0.14 are presented. These observations emphasize the importance of resolution effects in any scheme of classifying H II regions on the basis of observed morphology. All three of the H II regions appear to be shell sources when observed at 20 cm with high sensitivity to scale structures of an arcminute or less, although at higher resolution they could be classified as having cometary or core-halo morphologies
Nonreciprocal differential detection method for scanning Kerr-effect microscopy

We describe an optical detection scheme for scanning Kerr-effect microscopy (SKEM) which does not require modification of the magnetic state of a sample for domain observation. The scheme exploits the nonreciprocal nature of the magneto-optic Kerr effect (MOKE) to distinguish polarization rotation due to sample magnetization from other spurious sources, such as sample roughness and birefringence of the microscope optics. We present SKEM images of domain structures in lithographically patterned Ni81Fe19 elements which demonstrate the imaging capabilities of the new detection scheme for materials with typical MOKE magnitudes.
IKAROS in Acute Leukemia: A Positive Influencer or a Mean Hater?

One key process that controls leukemogenesis is the regulation of oncogenic gene expression by transcription factors acting as tumor suppressors. Understanding this intricate mechanism is crucial to elucidating leukemia pathophysiology and discovering new targeted treatments. In this review, we make a brief overview of the physiological role of IKAROS and the molecular pathway that contributes to acute leukemia pathogenesis through IKZF1 gene lesions. IKAROS is a zinc finger transcription factor of the Krüppel family that acts as the main character during hematopoiesis and leukemogenesis. It can activate or repress tumor suppressors or oncogenes, regulating the survival and proliferation of leukemic cells. More than 70% of Ph+ and Ph-like cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia exhibit IKZF1 gene variants, which are linked to worse treatment outcomes in both childhood and adult B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia. In the last few years, much evidence supporting IKAROS involvement in myeloid differentiation has been reported, suggesting that loss of IKZF1 might also be a determinant of oncogenesis in acute myeloid leukemia. Considering the complicated “social” network that IKAROS manages in hematopoietic cells, we aim to focus on its involvement and the numerous alterations of molecular pathways it can support in acute leukemias.
The role of the Coronavirus pandemic on childbearing intentions in Iranian women based on path analysis: A cross-sectional study

Abstract Background The Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) may lead to couples not being physically and mentally ready to assume a parenting role. Objective Given the changes in reproductive behaviors and the lack of accurate information about childbearing factors during the Coronavirus pandemic, this study was conducted to investigate the role of the COVID-19 pandemic in Iranian couples' childbearing intentions based on the theory of planned behavior model. Materials and Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on 400 married Iranian women from July to October 2020 using official online popular social networks. Data were collected using a demographic checklist and the researcher-made questionnaire, which was designed based on the main constructs of the planned behavior model. Results Testing the indirect relationships of the mediation model effect showed a positive relationship between knowledge (β = 0.226, p < 0.001) and subjective norms (β = 0.155, p = 0.001) about COVID-19. Anxiety about COVID-19 mediated the relationship of knowledge (β = 0.105, p = 0.009), attitude (β = -0.125, p = 0.002), subjective norms (β = 0.238, p < 0.001), and perceived behavioral control (β = 0.513, p < 0.001) about COVID-19 with childbearing intentions. Conclusion The results showed that COVID-19-induced anxiety can affect the relationship between the components of the theory of planned behavior model and childbearing intentions. Therefore, it is suggested that by designing appropriate interventions through anxiety-reducing and relaxation techniques, a fundamental step can be taken in increasing childbearing desires.
Atomistic Study of Anomalous Self-Diffusion in bcc β -Titanium

In an investigation of self-diffusion in bcc $\ensuremath{\beta}$-Ti single crystals by means of both quasielastic and inelastic neutron scattering, the elementary diffusion jump has been determined directly, and the lattice vibrations which trigger the jump have been elucidated. The elementary jump for self-diffusion is a simple \textonehalf{} [111] jump into a nearest-neighbor vacancy. The reason for the anomalously fast self-diffusion is a fluctuation of $\ensuremath{\omega}$-phase type which facilitates jumps into neighboring vacancies.
Overlapping Brain Activity as Reflected by the Spatial Differentiation of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Electroencephalography and Magnetoencephalography Data

In classical neuroimaging, the activity of each voxel is considered separately. However, it was recently demonstrated that there are significant stimulation-specific differences between adjacent voxels at the group level. With this approach, the activity of adjacent voxels in the same condition is compared, and the direction of the highest increase of activity in the neighbourhood of each voxel is established as a gradient vector per voxel. Using this vector approach, we compared fMRI, EEG and MEG spatial differential activity during different tasks to see what amount of fMRI differential activity corresponds to the electromagnetic differential activity. Distributed source reconstruction was used to obtain 3-dimensional models of electric and magnetic activity in EEG and MEG prior to vector analysis. Using independent datasets, we illustrated that the mean overlap of the fMRI differential activity with EEG and MEG is 79%. In addition, about 93% of divergence (spatial sources) in fMRI corresponded to the EEG and MEG divergences. These results correspond to the spatial sum of the peak activities in EEG and MEG and, further, suggest a link between the spatial and temporal properties of brain activity. We propose a novel model of activity flows in the brain to explain this link.
Settle: An analytical version of the SHAKE and RATTLE algorithm for rigid water models

An analytical algorithm, called SETTLE, for resetting the positions and velocities to satisfy the holonomic constraints on the rigid water model is presented. This method is still based on the Cartesian coordinate system and can be used in place of SHAKE and RATTLE. We implemented this algorithm in the SPASMS package of molecular mechanics and dynamics. Several series of molecular dynamics simulations were carried out to examine the performance of the new algorithm in comparison with the original RATTLE method. It was found that SETTLE is of higher accuracy and is faster than RATTLE with reasonable tolerances by three to nine times on a scalar machine. Furthermore, the performance improvement ranged from factors of 26 to 98 on a vector machine since the method presented is not iterative. © 1992 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Microclimate as Background Environment for Ecological Studies of Insects in a Tropical Forest

Abstract Microclimate data collection and analyses were made in support of an ecological study of changes in transmission cycles of insect-borne disease during a three-year period of construction of a hydroelectric dam. The dam will cause impoundment of some 300 km2 of tropical forest in the Bayano River Basin, Panama. The pre-impoundment microclimate appeared to be one of strong seasonality with appreciable changes in the wind flow, sensible and latent heat flux, evaporation, rainfall and humidity. Average daily net radiation balance was 106 W m−2 above the forest canopy and 46 W m−2 on the floor of the forest. The moisture balance of the forest indicates an annual rainfall of 2 m of which 1 m reaches the floor of the forest. An appreciable amount of rain is intercepted in the forest canopy. The evaporation and runoff on the forest floor are both about 0.5 m. Average daily wind speeds are light, varying from 8 km day−1 in the rainy season to 126 km day−1 in the dry season. Ecological significance was fou.
Exploring Possible Ways to Enhance the Potential and Use of Natural Products through Nanotechnology in the Battle against Biofilms of Foodborne Bacterial Pathogens

Biofilms enable pathogenic bacteria to survive in unfavorable environments. As biofilm-forming pathogens can cause rapid food spoilage and recurrent infections in humans, especially their presence in the food industry is problematic. Using chemical disinfectants in the food industry to prevent biofilm formation raises serious health concerns. Further, the ability of biofilm-forming bacterial pathogens to tolerate disinfection procedures questions the traditional treatment methods. Thus, there is a dire need for alternative treatment options targeting bacterial pathogens, especially biofilms. As clean-label products without carcinogenic and hazardous potential, natural compounds with growth and biofilm-inhibiting and biofilm-eradicating potentials have gained popularity as natural preservatives in the food industry. However, the use of these natural preservatives in the food industry is restricted by their poor availability, stability during food processing and storage. Also there is a lack of standardization, and unattractive organoleptic qualities. Nanotechnology is one way to get around these limitations and as well as the use of underutilized bioactives. The use of nanotechnology has several advantages including traversing the biofilm matrix, targeted drug delivery, controlled release, and enhanced bioavailability, bioactivity, and stability. The nanoparticles used in fabricating or encapsulating natural products are considered as an appealing antibiofilm strategy since the nanoparticles enhance the activity of the natural products against biofilms of foodborne bacterial pathogens. Hence, this literature review is intended to provide a comprehensive analysis of the current methods in nanotechnology used for natural products delivery (biofabrication, encapsulation, and nanoemulsion) and also discuss the different promising strategies employed in the recent and past to enhance the inhibition and eradication of foodborne bacterial biofilms.
Anti-Helicobacter pylori antibody status is associated with cancer mortality: A longitudinal analysis from the Japanese DAIKO prospective cohort study

Paradoxically, patients with advanced stomach cancer who are Helicobacter pylori-positive (HP+) have a higher survival rate than those who are HP-. This finding suggests that HP infection has beneficial effects for cancer treatment. The present study examines whether HP+ individuals have a lower likelihood of death from cancer than those who are HP-. Prospective cohort data (n = 4,982 subjects enrolled in the DAIKO study between 2008–2010) were used to assess whether anti-HP antibody status was associated with cancer incidence. The median age in the primary registry was 53 years-old (range 35–69 years-old). Over the 8-year observation period there were 234 (4.7%) cancer cases in the cohort and 88 (1.8%) all-cause deaths. Urine anti-HP antibody data was available for all but one participant (n = 4,981; 99.98%). The number of HP+ and HP- individuals was 1,825 (37%) and 3,156 (63%), respectively. Anti-HP antibody distribution per birth year revealed that earlier birth year was associated with higher HP+ rates. With a birth year-matched cohort (n = 3,376), all-cancer incidence was significantly higher in HP+ individuals than those who were HP- (p = 0.00328), whereas there was no significant difference in the cancer death rate between HP+ and HP- individuals (p = 0.888). Cox regression analysis for prognostic factors revealed that the hazards ratio of HP+ was 1.59-fold (95%CI 1.17–2.26) higher than HP- in all-cancer incidence. Potential systemic effects of HP+ status may contribute to reduced likelihood of death for patients after an initial diagnosis of cancer.
Excluded volume and its relation to the onset of percolation

The general relationship between the percolation threshold of systems of various objects and the excluded volume associated with these objects is discussed. In particular, we derive the average excluded area and the average excluded volume associated with two- and three-dimensional randomly oriented objects. The results yield predictions for the dependencies, of the percolation critical concentration of various kinds of "sticks," on the stick aspect ratio and the anisotropy of the stick orientation distribution. Comparison of the present results with available Monte Carlo data shows that the percolation threshold of the sticks is described by the above dependencies. On the other hand, the numerical values of the excluded area and the excluded volume are not dimensional invariants as suggested in the literature, but rather depend on the randomness of the stick orientations. The usefulness of the present results for percolation-threshold problems in the continuum is discussed. In particular, it is shown that the excluded area and the excluded volume give the number of bonds per object ${B}_{c}$ when the objects are all the same size. In the case where there is a distribution of object sizes, the proper average of the excluded area or volume is a dimensional invariant while ${B}_{c}$ is not.