Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Novel Deep Learning Architecture for Global Defect Classification: Self-Proliferating Neural Network (SPNet)

The competition in the semiconductor industry is intense, and any manufacturing company's primary concerns are to reduce costs and improve quality and reliability. By increasing the yield and maximizing the throughput of good wafers, lower costs and higher revenues can be achieved. The ability of defect inspection affects the product yield and productivity. The high rate of false negatives in defect inspection will result in defective wafers being treated as normal wafers and shipped to customers. In addition, a high false positives rate will cause non-defective wafers to be considered abnormal and lead to additional review loading by engineers. Therefore, how to reduce both false negatives and false positives is the main challenge for defect inspection. In this paper, we have developed a new deep learning architecture, named Self-Proliferating Neural Network (SPNet). Compared with other methods, SPNet can significantly reduce false positives and false positives, while improving quality and productivity. We also show that our method generalizes well to other public datasets, where they achieve state-of-the-art results. Finally, we apply SPNet to the classification tasks of defect map and defect pattern, and the F1-score achieves 98.9% and 98.2%, respectively. We conduct experiments that probe the robustness of learned representations and conclude that SPNet has significant benefits in robustness and generalization.
A Series Partial Power Converter Based on Dual Active Bridge Converter for Residential Battery Energy Storage System

Conventional Full Power DC-DC Converters (FPC) which process whole power between their input/output, are close to their limits in terms of efficiency and power density. One of the most promising solutions to overcome these limits is Partial Power Converters (PPCs). In this paper, a Series PPC (S-PPC), which connects a Residential Battery Energy Storage System (RBESS) to a DC-bus is introduced. In the proposed converter, in its critical point, just 27% of the overall power is processed. Application of a Dual Active Bridge (DAB) converter with bidirectional/bipolar Current Source (CS) port enables the buck-boost operation of the S-PPC in both charge and discharge operation mode. So, the processed power is further decreased. Simulations are done in PSIM to validate the mathematical analysis.
Performance Analysis of NOMA Systems in Rayleigh and Rician Fading Channels

Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) is an effective innovation for fifth-generation and forthcoming wireless technology. NOMA aims to encounter the challenges of low latency, high accuracy, large availability, and peak performance. In this paper, the performance mechanisms of NOMA are discussed as compared to Orthogonal Multiple Access (OMA), and also for different user (far and near) scenarios. The techniques such as Heterogeneous Network (HetNet), Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communication (URLLC), and other 5G evolving technologies are highlighted for improved performance in the NOMA system. The simulation results are carried out to analyze the achievable capacity of OMA and NOMA, BER analysis, and sum-rate analysis of NOMA systems over Rayleigh and Rician fading channels. The simulation results reveal that the Rician fading channels have better performance than Rayleigh fading channels. This article also discusses potential research challenges as well as addressing current and future issues in NOMA.
SLAM for Indoor Parking: A Comprehensive Benchmark Dataset and a Tightly Coupled Semantic Framework

For the task of autonomous indoor parking, various Visual-Inertial Simultaneous Localization And Mapping (SLAM) systems are expected to achieve comparable results with the benefit of complementary effects of visual cameras and the Inertial Measurement Units. To compare these competing SLAM systems, it is necessary to have publicly available datasets, offering an objective way to demonstrate the pros/cons of each SLAM system. However, the availability of such high-quality datasets is surprisingly limited due to the profound challenge of the groundtruth trajectory acquisition in the Global Positioning Satellite denied indoor parking environments. In this article, we establish BeVIS, a large-scale Benchmark dataset with Visual (front-view), Inertial and Surround-view sensors for evaluating the performance of SLAM systems developed for autonomous indoor parking, which is the first of its kind where both the raw data and the groundtruth trajectories are available. In BeVIS, the groundtruth trajectories are obtained by tracking artificial landmarks scattered in the indoor parking environments, whose coordinates are recorded in a surveying manner with a high-precision Electronic Total Station. Moreover, the groundtruth trajectories are comprehensively evaluated in terms of two respects, the reprojection error and the pose volatility, respectively. Apart from BeVIS, we propose a novel tightly coupled semantic SLAM framework, namely VISSLAM-2, leveraging Visual (front-view), Inertial, and Surround-view sensor modalities, specially for the task of autonomous indoor parking. It is the first work attempting to provide a general form to model various semantic objects on the ground. Experiments on BeVIS demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed VISSLAM-2. Our benchmark dataset BeVIS is publicly available at https://shaoxuan92.github. io/BeVIS.
A Novel GAPG Approach to Automatic Property Generation for Formal Verification: The GAN Perspective

Formal methods have been widely used to support software testing to guarantee correctness and reliability. For example, model checking technology attempts to ensure that the verification property of a specific formal model is satisfactory for discovering bugs or abnormal behavior from the perspective of temporal logic. However, because automatic approaches are lacking, a software developer/tester must manually specify verification properties. A generative adversarial network (GAN) learns features from input training data and outputs new data with similar or coincident features. GANs have been successfully used in the image processing and text processing fields and achieved interesting and automatic results. Inspired by the power of GANs, in this article, we propose a GAN-based automatic property generation (GAPG) approach to generate verification properties supporting model checking. First, the verification properties in the form of computational tree logic (CTL) are encoded and used as input to the GAN. Second, we introduce regular expressions as grammar rules to check the correctness of the generated properties. These rules work to detect and filter meaningless properties that occur because the GAN learning process is uncontrollable and may generate unsuitable properties in real applications. Third, the learning network is further trained by using labeled information associated with the input properties. These are intended to guide the training process to generate additional new properties, particularly those that map to corresponding formal models. Finally, a series of comprehensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed GAPG method can obtain new verification properties from two aspects: (1) using only CTL formulas and (2) using CTL formulas combined with Kripke structures.
Unbiased pangenome graphs

Motivation Pangenome variation graphs model the mutual alignment of collections of DNA sequences. A set of pairwise alignments implies a variation graph, but there are no scalable methods to generate such a graph from these alignments. Existing related approaches depend on a single reference, a specific ordering of genomes, or a de Bruijn model based on a fixed k-mer length. A scalable, self-contained method to build pangenome graphs without such limitations would be a key step in pangenome construction and manipulation pipelines. Results We design the seqwish algorithm, which builds a variation graph from a set of sequences and alignments between them. We first transform the alignment set into an implicit interval tree. To build up the variation graph, we query this tree-based representation of the alignments to reduce transitive matches into single DNA segments in a sequence graph. By recording the mapping from input sequence to output graph, we can trace the original paths through this graph, yielding a pangenome variation graph. We present an implementation that operates in external memory, using disk-backed data structures and lock-free parallel methods to drive the core graph induction step. We demonstrate that our method scales to very large graph induction problems by applying it to build pangenome graphs for several species. Availability seqwish is published as free software under the MIT open source license. Source code and documentation are available at https://github.com/ekg/seqwish. seqwish can be installed via Bioconda https://bioconda.github. io/recipes/seqwish/README.html or GNU Guix https://github.com/ekg/guix-genomics/blob/master/seqwish.scm. Contact egarris5@uthsc.edu
The Development of Receptive Field Tuning Properties in Mouse Binocular Primary Visual Cortex

The mouse primary visual cortex is a model system for understanding the relationship between cortical structure, function, and behavior (Seabrook et al., 2017; Chaplin and Margrie, 2020; Hooks and Chen, 2020; Saleem, 2020; Flossmann and Rochefort, 2021). Binocular neurons in V1 are the cellular basis of binocular vision, which is required for predation (Scholl et al., 2013; Hoy et al., 2016; La Chioma et al., 2020; Berson, 2021; Johnson et al., 2021). The normal development of binocular responses, however, has not been systematically measured. Here, we measure tuning properties of neurons to either eye in awake mice of either sex from eye opening to the closure of the critical period. At eye opening, we find an adult-like fraction of neurons responding to the contralateral-eye stimulation, which are selective for orientation and spatial frequency; few neurons respond to ipsilateral eye, and their tuning is immature. Fraction of ipsilateral-eye responses increases rapidly in the first few days after eye opening and more slowly thereafter, reaching adult levels by critical period closure. Tuning of these responses improves with a similar time course. The development and tuning of binocular responses parallel that of ipsilateral-eye responses. Four days after eye opening, monocular neurons respond to a full range of orientations but become more biased to cardinal orientations. Binocular responses, by contrast, lose their cardinal bias with age. Together, these data provide an in-depth accounting of the development of monocular and binocular responses in the binocular region of mouse V1 using a consistent set of visual stimuli and measurements. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT In this manuscript, we present a full accounting of the emergence and refinement of monocular and binocular receptive field tuning properties of thousands of pyramidal neurons in mouse primary visual cortex. Our data reveal new features of monocular and binocular development that revise current models on the emergence of cortical binocularity. Given the recent interest in visually guided behaviors in mice that require binocular vision (e.g., predation), our measures will provide the basis for studies on the emergence of the neural circuitry guiding these behaviors.
A note on the conservation properties of the generalized-α method

We show that the second-order accurate generalized-$\alpha$ method on a uniform temporal mesh may be viewed as an implicit midpoint method on a shifted temporal mesh. With this insight, we demonstrate generalized-$\alpha$ time integration of a finite element spatial discretization of a conservation law system results in a fully-discrete method admitting discrete balance laws when (i) the time integration is second-order accurate, (ii) a uniform temporal mesh is employed, (iii) the spatial discretization is conservative, and (iv) conservation variables are discretized.
A real-time editing method for multi-layered translucent materials

0123456789 Abstract In this paper we introduce a practical method to evaluate the reflectance of a layered turbid medium with a thin layer, which is not possible with the previous methods based on the diffusion theory. To this end, we employ two different reflectance models simultaneously. One is the newly improved 2-flux model for a thin layer and the other is the diffusion model for a thick layer. To combine the evaluation results from these two different models, we introduce a re-parameterization approach which makes these models compatible with each other. We verify that the proposed method yields robust performance by comparing with the Monte Carlo simulation. We also validate visual results and comparing the rendering time ours with other models.
Deep Online Fused Video Stabilization - Supplementary Materials

Network architecture. Table 1 shows the detailed network configuration of our model. Given an input video, we resize the input frames to extract forward and backward flows at the spatial resolution of 480 × 270. Our encoder consists of 5 strided convolutional layers that map the optical flow from 4×270×480 to 128×1×1. Each convolutional layer is followed by a ReLU activation function. The latent code is converted to 1× 1× 64 by an FC layer and then concatenated with the real and virtual pose histories. Therefore, our latent motion representation is a 188-channel feature vector, where 64 channels are from the encoded optical flow, 21×4 channels are from the real poses, and 10 × 4 channels are from the virtual poses. The hidden layers in the LSTM have 512 channels, and the last FC layer converts the output of LSTM to a 4D quaternion as the virtual pose of the current frame. We apply a soft-shrink activation function [6] in the last FC layer to smooth the prediction.
The Impact of Personality on Academic Achievement of B. Ed Teacher Trainees

This research paper aims at studying the relationships between personality traits and academic achievement among B.Ed teacher trainees. Participants were 1000 teacher trainees (692female and 308male). Instruments used were NEO Big Five Personality Factors and student's graduation examination scores. Results revealed personality traits were significantly related to academic achievement. Results also showed conscientious, extraversion, openness to experience and agreeableness are positively and significantly correlated and neuroticism is negatively and significantly correlated to academic achievement of B. Ed teacher trainee. The study further indicated that there was no significant gender difference in the personality characteristics and academic achievement of B. Ed
Estimation of Statewide Origin–Destination Truck Flows from Large Streams of GPS Data

This paper demonstrates the use of large streams of truck GPS data from the American Transportation Research Institute for the estimation of statewide freight truck flows in Florida. Raw GPS data streams, which comprised more than 145 million GPS records, were used to derive a database of more than 1.2 million truck trips that started or ended in Florida. The paper sheds light on the extent to which the trips derived from the GPS data captured the observed truck traffic flows in Florida. The paper includes insights into (a) the truck type composition, (b) the proportion of the observed truck traffic flows covered by the data, and (c) the geographical differences in the coverage. The paper applies origin–destination (O-D) matrix estimation to combine the GPS data with the observed truck traffic volumes at different locations within and outside Florida to derive an O-D table of truck flows within, into, and out of the state. The procedures, implementation details, and findings discussed in the paper are expected to be useful to agencies that are considering the use of GPS data in freight travel demand modeling.
Three-mode PLC-type multi/demultiplexer for mode-division multiplexing transmission

We demonstrated a three-mode multi/demultiplexer (MUX/DEMUX) using parallel waveguides with a uniform height for mode division multiplexing transmission. The mode conversion of the LP01 mode to the LP11 and LP21 modes in the C-band was achieved using a fabricated MUX/DEMUX.
A Study of Stability Indicating Development and Validation of a Method for Simultaneous Estimation of Brigatinib and Alectinib Using Reverse Phase Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography in Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient Form

Aims: New validated method for the simultaneous estimation of Brigatinib and Alectinib using UPLC and study of its degradation. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Chemistry, RVR & JC College of Engineering, Chowdavaram, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, between March 2021 and April 2021. Methodology: Using Luna C18 100 x 2.6 mm, 1.6 µm column, acetonitrile, and 0.1 percent Tri ethyl amine (TEA) (80:20 v/v) as a mobile phase, the proposed method successfully achieved effective chromatographic separation with a flow rate of 1 mL/min and a wave length of 260 nm. The Braginib and Alectinib peaks were resolved within 5 minutes of elution time, with the Brigatinib peak eluting at 3.208 minutes and the Alectinib peak eluting at 1.757 minutes. Results: The proposed method displays excellent linearity in the concentration ranges of 1.0 µg/ml to 15 µg/ml for Brigatinib and 5.0 µg/ml to 75 µg/ml for Alectinib. The RSD of robustness levels has a maximum of just 2 percent. Conclusion: The accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity of the method were all found to be in line with ICH guidelines, when the procedure was developed and tested.
Ein Theorem zur Festlegung der Übertragungsmatrix eines Systems bei verallgemeinerten L2-Beschränkungen der Eingangssignale

Wir betrachten ein asymptotisch stabiles System mit m Eingangsgrößen, η Ausgangsgrößen und der («, m)Übertragungsmatrix F(s). Die Eingangsgrößen werden zu dem m-Vektor χ und die Ausgangsgrößen zu dem nVektor j> zusammengefaßt. Zwischen den Laplace-Transformierten von χ und j \ die wir wie üblich mit den entsprechenden Großbuchstaben bezeichnen, besteht dann die Beziehung = F(s)X(s). Es wird nun angenommen, daß χ quadratisch-(Lebesgue) integrierbar ist:
Choice Architecture as a Strategy to Encourage Elegant Infrastructure Outcomes

AbstractInfrastructure that meets users’ needs with less complexity can satisfy growing demand and relieve system pressures. Such outcomes are defined as elegant. Unfortunately, social and cognitive biases can inhibit infrastructure stakeholders from achieving these outcomes. In other fields, similar biases are overcome with well-designed choice architecture, which considers how the presentation of choices effects the decisions that are ultimately made. Using a metasynthesis research approach, this article describes cognitive biases that can inhibit elegant infrastructure and then presents strategies to mitigate these biases with choice architecture interventions. The emphasis here is on high-impact decisions with cost-effective and plausible choice architecture interventions. This systematic merging of behavioral science and infrastructure systems is meant to provide readers with the background and examples needed to investigate choice architecture as a strategy to influence the infrastructure outcomes t.
Expected Constant Time Self-stabilizing Byzantine Pulse Resynchronization

In extending fast digital clock synchronization to the bounded-delay model, the expected constant time Byzantine pulse resynchronization problem is investigated. In this problem, the synchronized state of the system should not only be deterministically maintained but be reached from arbitrary states with expected constant time in the presence of Byzantine faults. An intuitive geometric representation of the problem is introduced, with which the classical approximate agreement, randomized Byzantine agreement, and random walk are integrated with some geometric operations. Efficient realizations are also provided for practical uses. Compared with the state-of-the-art solutions, the assumed common pulses need not be regularly generated, the message complexity can be lowered as approximate agreement, and the expected stabilization time is optimal. With this, the provided solution can efficiently convert irregularly generated common pulses to self-stabilizing Byzantine pulse synchronization.
Optimal Control of Aeroelastic Systems using Synthetic Jet Actuators

Synthetic jet actuators (SJAs) are among the most promising devices when it comes to adaptive ∞ow control. These zero net mass ∞ux actuators periodically blow out and bring back ∞uid through an oriflce into a cavity located at an airfoil surface. They can not only add momentum to the boundary layer to improve its stability and delay separation or transition, but they also add momentum to the ∞ow, which leads to a rearrangement of the stream lines around the airfoil, with a global efiect of modifying the aerodynamic forces. Reduced Order Models (ROMs) based on Theodorsen theory have been developed to describe the efiect of such actuators on the global aerodynamic forces and moments acting on an airfoil. These analytical expressions allow for a rapid calculation of the static and dynamic aeroelastic response of the lifting body; as such, they are ideally suited to be incorporated into a feedback control loop. This paper aims to contribute to the optimal control of aeroelastic systems using SJAs by investigating the applicability of a linear quadratic regulator (LQR).
DFM(A)- aspects for a microwave waveguide ring resonator design

In this research manufacturability analysis is made for an E-plane waveguide ring resonator. About the electrical characteristics of the waveguide ring resonator is discussed. Possibilities to utilize concurrent engineering method both for designing and making manufacturability analysis for MW- and RF-components are discussed. For helping to establish the necessary guidelines for easy manufacturing and assembly of the waveguide ring resonator a specialised DFM(A)-questionnaire is generated. The questionnaire gives also new information for collaborative designing approach in MW-/RF- engineering. The advantages and disadvantages of the concurrent engineering design method are evaluated in the research.
Workforce Analysis from an Accounting Perspective: What Do the Determinants Really Demand?

Each profession has its own criteria. Of all the management disciplines, the employment trend in the field of accounting best reflects the state of recruitment of professionals. Thus, we need to examine what each profession expects from accountants. Using text analysis via Wordstat, we analyze 7,320 pre-accounting job advertisements to find the overall job specification of the sector for a pre-accounting employee. Of the 25 criteria identified, 12 were found common in the literature, local standards, and the sector. From our findings, the Turkish sector is more adapted to international than local standards, indicating that local standards were set without consulting the employers. This study further confirms that soft skills are as important as technical skills. Additionally, women are more likely to be recruited to a pre-accountant position during their 10-year study period. Turkey is a Eurasian country that is influenced by both Asian and European countries and their respective profession-related norms and practices. Thus, our findings may be generalizable. Overall, policymakers need to pay attention to the employers’ opinions before establishing local standards.