Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparing Algorithms for Aggressive Driving Event Detection Based on Vehicle Motion Data

Aggressive driving is one of the main causes of fatal crashes. Correctly identifying aggressive driving events still represents a challenge in the literature. Furthermore, datasets available for testing the proposed approaches have some limitations since they generally (a) include only a few types of events, (b) contain data collected with only one device, and (c) are generated in drives that did not fully consider the variety of road characteristics and/or driving conditions. The main objective of this work is to compare the performance of several state-of-the-art algorithms for aggressive driving event detection (belonging to anomaly detection-, threshold- and machine learning-based categories) on multiple datasets containing sensors data collected with different devices (black-boxes and smartphones), on different vehicles and in different locations. A secondary objective is to verify whether smartphones could replace black-boxes in aggressive/non-aggressive classification tasks. To this aim, we propose the AD$^2$ (Aggressive Driving Detection) dataset, which contains (i) data collected using multiple devices to evaluate their influence on the algorithm performance, (ii) geographical data useful to analyze the context in which the events occurred, (iii) events recorded in different situations, and (iv) events generated by traveling the same path with aggressive and non-aggressive driving styles, in order to possibly separate the effects of driving style from those of road characteristics. Our experimental results highlighted the superiority of machine learning-based approaches and underlined the ability of smartphones to ensure a level of performance similar to that of black-boxes.
BarPlex v1.0: a multiplex PCR-based enrichment of genome-wide short segments that enable genetic studies in barley

Over the past 15 years sequencing methodologies have advanced greatly enabling high-throughput sequencing based genotyping of crop plants. In this study, we developed BarPlex v1.0, a robust and cost-efficient genotyping approach in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). In this multiplex PCR-based amplification of five-hundred genome-wide segments, followed by high-throughput sequencing of barcoded PCR products, we obtained hundreds to thousands of polymorphic markers. Comparison of genotyping with BarPlex v1.0 to genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) revealed a similar genetic diversity. The polymorphic markers revealed by BarPlex v1.0 were highly accurate, with an average sequencing depth >700x and a data missing rate <0.5%. By analyzing 1,068 genotypes of wild barley (brittle rachis; Hordeum vulgare ssp. spontaneum L.), Tibetan semi-wild barley (brittle rachis), landraces, cultivars, as well as an F2 population, this assay has been robust in studies of population diversity, variety pedigree, heterozygosity discrimination, linkage mapping, as well as genome-wide association study (GWAS). Notably, a diversity analysis in a population of Tibetan semi-wild barley suggested a close relationship with Chinese landraces, but a dramatic decrease in its genetic diversity, inferring that Tibet was not a center of domestication for the native wild barley.
Investigation of Biomechanical and Anthropometric Variables of Football Players According to Their Playing Position: Review Article

Objective: Football activities may be directly related to the playing position of the players on the field; so, football players develop their specific physical characteristics based on the demands of individual positions. This study aimed to investigate the biomechanical and anthropometric variables of football players according to the playing position. Methods: This review study reviewed Google Scholar, PubMed and Science Direct search engines for articles related to the keywords from 1996 to 2020. Results: According to the reviewed articles, it was found that biomechanical and anthropometric variables in football players are different according to the playing position. Conclusion: It seems that biomechanical and anthropometric variables can have a direct impact on the performance of players during the game, so special attention to these variables in the field of talent identification and selection of football players in different playing positions should be considered.
Liste des figures et tableaux

The segregation of the DNA, also called partition for procaryotes, is the process allowing any organisms to transmit its genetic heritage to next generation. In bacteria, mitotic stability of plasmids and many chromosomes depends on replicon-specific systems which comprise a centromere, a centromere-binding protein and an ATPase. We have taken as a model, the lowcopy number plasmid F of Escherichia coli. Centromere-binding protein SopB binds to sopC centromere and forms the partition complex. This nucleoproteic complex is recognized by the SopA “Walker-box” ATPase. SopA shares with other partition ATPase the capacity of self assembly in presence of ATP. This dynamic self-assembly would allow active partition during bacterial division. Previous work in our team showed SopA is also able to bind to non specific DNA in an ATP-dependant manner whereby polymerization is inhibited. Indeed, DNA inhibited this polymerization and cause breakdown of pre-formed polymers. SopB counteracted this DNA effect by binding itself to and masking DNA. We had proposed a model in which the polymerization is spacially regulated. Nucleoid DNA prevent inappropriate SopA polymerization but when SopB is present in high concentration, it create a DNA-depleted zone within SopA can initiate polymerization. The regulation of the dynamic behaviour of the "driving" protein of the system would be necessary for the process of partition. To support our model, we looked for a DNA binding domain in SopA. We have found a SopA mutant, defective for ATP dependent DNA binding. Only the activities of SopA dependent on this binding were affected: the inhibition of the polymerisation is abolished, as the stimulation of the ATPase activity and the intracellular localization. Moreover, this mutant is defective for plasmid stabilization. This last result confirms the implication of the nucleoïd DNA in regulation of the dynamic behavior of SopA, which is necessary for the partition of the plasmide F.
Endocardium-to-coronary artery differentiation during heart development and regeneration involves sequential roles of Bmp2 and Cxcl12/Cxcr4

Regenerating coronary blood vessels has the potential to ameliorate ischemic heart disease, yet there is currently no method of stimulating clinically effective cardiac angiogenesisis. Endocardial cells— a particularly plastic cell type during development—line the heart lumen and are natural coronary vessel progenitors. Their intrinsic angiogenic potential is lost in adults, but studying the endocardial- to-coronary developmental pathway could identify methods of re-instating this process in diseased hearts. Here, we use a combination of mouse genetics and scRNAseq of lineage-traced endothelial cells to identify novel regulators of endocardial angiogenesis and precisely assess the role of Cxcl12/Cxcr4 signaling. Time-specific lineage tracing demonstrated that endocardial cells differentiated earlier than previously thought, largely at mid-gestation. A new mouse line reporting the activity of Cxcr4 revealed that, despite widespread Cxcl12 and Cxcr4 expression, only a small subset of these coronary endothelial cells activated the receptor, which were mostly in arteries. In accordance with these two findings, Cxcr4 deletion in the endocardial lineage only affected artery formation and only when deleted before mid-gestation. Integrating scRNAseq data of coronary endothelial cells from the endocardial lineage at both mid- and late-gestation identified a transitioning population that was specific to the earlier timepoint that specifically expressed Bmp2. Recombinant Bmp2 stimulated endocardial angiogenesis in an in vitro explant assay and in neonatal mouse hearts upon myocardial infarction. Our data shed light on how understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying endocardial-to-coronary transitions can identify new potential therapeutic targets that could promote revascularization of the injured heart.
SIGMA:

: In composite Higgs models the Higgs is a pseudo-Goldstone boson of a high-energy strong dynamics. We have constructed the eﬀective chiral Lagrangian for a generic symmetric coset, restricting to CP-even bosonic operators up to four momenta which turn out to depend on seven parameters, aside from kinetic terms. Once the same sources of custodial symmetry breaking as in the Standard Model are considered, the total number of operators in the basis increases up to ten, again aside from kinetic terms. Under these assumptions, we have then particularised the discussion to three distinct frameworks: the original SU(5)/SO(5) Georgi-Kaplan model, the minimal custodial-preserving SO(5)/SO(4) model and the minimal SU(3)/(SU(2) × U(1)) model, which intrinsically breaks custodial symmetry. The projection of the high-energy electroweak eﬀective theory into the bosonic sector of the Standard Model is shown to match the low-energy chiral eﬀective Lagrangian for a dynamical Higgs, and it uncovers strong relations between the operator coeﬃcients. Finally, the relation with the bosonic basis of operators describing linear realisations of electroweak symmetry breaking is clariﬁed.
The COVID-19 lockdown provides clues for better science communication on environmental recovery

1BIOCON, IU-ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Marine Scientific and Technological Park, Crta.Taliarte s/n, 35214 Telde, Spain; 2Departamento de Ecología. Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile; 3Association for the Interdisciplinary Advance in Basic and Applied Sciences, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain and 4Southern Seas Ecology Laboratories, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
Genome-wide diversity of Pagliarola sheep residual population and its conservation implication

Abstract Local breeds represent an underestimated resource in terms not only of their important cultural and economical role in marginal areas, but also because they often own a potential genetic pool well adapted to extreme conditions. This fact is of increasing interest, especially when considering climate global challenges where peculiar and uncommon traits could be advantageous. In this study, we genotyped 24 individuals belonging to the small residual Pagliarola sheep population using the OvineSNP50K array, in order to compare its genomic architecture with other 21 Italian local breeds. Moreover, we performed the fixation index (FST) outlier analysis to identify genes most differentiated between Pagliarola and Merino-derived Italian breeds. All population genetic analyses highlighted that Pagliarola breed represents a distinct genetic unit showing a genetic relationship with Merino-derived breeds underlying the close cultural connection between these breeds related to transhumance. However, Pagliarola breed resulted to be divided into two different sub-populations, named Pagliarola 1 (PAG-1) and Pagliarola 2 (PAG-2). Genetic diversity indices and inbreeding estimated from runs of homozygosity (FROH) indicated that while PAG-1 showed among the highest values, PAG-2 turned out strongly inbred, probably as a consequence of a founder effect. The FST outlier analysis identified the 5 most differentiated single nucleotide polymorphisms, two of which mapping within known genes (MACF1 and GLIS1) reported to be linked to feed efficiency and local adaption. All these information strongly suggest that proper conservation measures should be implemented in order to recover the Pagliarola population and its fundamental local products. HIGHLIGHTS All population genetic analyses highlighted that Pagliarola breed represent a distinct genetic unit, and clusters with the Merino-derived Italian breeds. The breed resulted to be divided into two different sub-populations. For the two Pagliarola sub-populations, the genetic diversity indices suggest a very different genetic makeup. Results from the Bayesian approach identified two know genes (MACF1and GLIS1) related to feed efficiency in livestock species and local adaptation. The information generated in this study strongly suggests that proper conservation measures should be implemented in order to recover the Pagliarola population.
The Role of Pathogens and Anti-Infective Agents in Parkinson’s Disease, from Etiology to Therapeutic Implications

Parkinson’s disease is a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder whose etiology is still unclear, hampering the development of effective treatments. There is an urgent need to identify the etiology and provide further effective treatments. Recently, accumulating evidence has indicated that infection may play a role in the etiology of Parkinson’s disease. The infective pathogens may act as a trigger for Parkinson’s disease, the most common of which are hepatitis C virus, influenza virus, and Helicobacter pylori. In addition, gut microbiota is increasingly recognized to influence brain function through the gut-brain axis, showing an important role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease. Furthermore, a series of anti-infective agents exhibit surprising neuroprotective effects via various mechanisms, such as interfering with α-synuclein aggregation, inhibiting neuroinflammation, attenuating oxidative stress, and preventing from cell death, independent of their antimicrobial effects. The pleiotropic agents affect important events in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease. Moreover, most of them are less toxic, clinically safe and have good blood-brain penetrability, making them hopeful candidates for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. However, the use of antibiotics and subsequent gut dysbiosis may also play a role in Parkinson’s disease, making the long-term effects of anti-infective drugs worthy of further consideration and exploration. This review summarizes the current evidence for the association between infective pathogens and Parkinson’s disease and subsequently explores the application prospects of anti-infective drugs in Parkinson’s disease treatment, providing novel insights into the pathogenesis and treatment of Parkinson’s disease.
LeukoSegmenter: A Double Encoder-decoder Based Network for Leukocyte Segmentation From Blood Smear Images

Segmentation of blood cells is a prerequisite step in automated morphological analysis of blood smear images, cell count determination and diagnosis of various diseases such as leukemia. It is extremely challenging due to different sizes, shapes, morphological characteristics and overlapping of blood cells. Due to its complicated nature, it is generally performed as a sequence of steps. However, sequential segmentation results in restricted accuracy due to cascading of errors that creep during each stage. On the contrary, pixel-wise segmentation of blood cells is a single step task and gives promising results. In this paper, we propose LeukoSegmenter, a double encoder-decoder for precise pixel-wise segmentation of leukocytes from blood smear images. It uses pre-trained ResNet18 based encoders and U-Net based decoders. Feature maps obtained from the first network are utilised as attention maps. These are used as input in conjunction with the original 3-channel image to obtain final mask from the second network. This mechanism allows the latter encoder-decoder pair to focus explicitly on leukocytes and ignore other blood cells and debris, thus improving the segmentation accuracy. Experiments on ALL-IDB1 dataset show that the proposed LeukoSegmenter achieves intersection-over-union score of 94.6827% and Dice score of 97.1987% which is superior than that of state-of-the-art methods.
Identification of hub genes and transcription factor-miRNA-mRNA pathways in mice and human renal ischemia-reperfusion injury

Background Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a disease with high incidence rate in kidney related surgery. Micro RNA (miRNA) and transcription factors (TFs) are widely involved in the process of renal IRI through regulation of their target genes. However, the regulatory relationships and functional roles of TFs, miRNAs and mRNAs in the progression of renal IRI are insufficiently understood. The present study aimed to clarify the underlying mechanism of regulatory relationships in renal IRI. Methods Six gene expression profiles were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Differently expressed genes (DEGs) and differently expressed miRNAs (DEMs) were identified through RRA integrated analysis of mRNA datasets (GSE39548, GSE87025, GSE52004, GSE71647, and GSE131288) and miRNA datasets (GSE29495). miRDB and TransmiR v2.0 database were applied to predict target genes of miRNA and TFs, respectively. DEGs were applied for Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis, followed with construction of protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Then, the TF-miRNA-mRNA network was constructed. Correlation coefficient and ROC analysis were used to verify regulatory relationship between genes and their diagnostic value in GSE52004. Furthermore, in independent mouse RNA-seq datasets GSE98622, human RNA-seq GSE134386 and in vitro, the expression of hub genes and genes from the network were observed and correlation coefficient and ROC analysis were validated. Results A total of 21 DEMs and 187 DEGs were identified in renal IRI group compared to control group. The results of PPI analysis showed 15 hub genes. The TF-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network was constructed and several important pathways were identified and further verified, including Junb-miR-223-Ranbp3l, Cebpb-miR-223-Ranbp3l, Cebpb-miR-21-Ranbp3l and Cebpb-miR-181b-Bsnd. Four regulatory loops were identified, including Fosl2-miR-155, Fosl2-miR-146a, Cebpb-miR-155 and Mafk-miR-25. The hub genes and genes in the network showed good diagnostic value in mice and human. Conclusions In this study, we found 15 hub genes and several TF-miRNA-mRNA pathways, which are helpful for understanding the molecular and regulatory mechanisms in renal IRI. Junb-miR-223-Ranbp3l, Cebpb-miR-223-Ranbp3l, Cebpb-miR-21-Ranbp3l and Cebpb-miR-181b-Bsnd were the most important pathways, while Spp1, Fos, Timp1, Tnc, Fosl2 and Junb were the most important hub genes. Fosl2-miR-155, Fosl2-miR-146a, Cebpb-miR-155 and Mafk-miR-25 might be the negative feedback loops in renal IRI.
The transition metal to ligand bonding nature: A quantum chemical study of π-allyl-ruthenacycle molecule

Understanding of the transition metal (TM) to ligand (L) bonding nature is important for characterization of experimental observations. One of the methods to explain the TM to L interactions is the Dewar–Chatt–Duncanson (DCD) model. However, in most applications the validity of the DCD model is based on assumptions in order to explain trends in vibrational spectroscopy or other physical properties of TM complexes. In this paper the computational methodology for treatment of the π-allyl-ruthenacycle complex based on the density functional theory, restricted Hartree–Fock method, natural bond orbital and charge decomposition analysis is reported. It is shown how the DCD model emerges from the presented calculation scheme and how it relates with the physical properties and stability of this complex. It is important to note that in this work the determination of the DCD model operation is based on the defined computational procedure, not postulated beforehand. The calculated geometry parameters, vibrational frequencies and electron density arrangement for the π-allyl-ruthenacycle complex are in good agreement with the experiment and support the DCD model.
TiO2 nanoparticles prepared by mechanical reduction technique for superior DMFC nanocomposite PVA membranes

ABSTRACT TiO2 nanoparticles (50–80 nm) are produced by simple nanomilling by stirred media mill. Reasonably high purity TiO2 nanoparticles are observed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. Thus, the prepared TiO2 nanoparticles are applied as inorganic nanofillers for direct methanol fuel cell nanocomposite proton-exchange membranes. Cross-linked sulphonated polyvinyl alcohol is used for membrane preparation. Water uptake and ion exchange capacity of membranes are observed to be enhanced due to increase in concentration of nanoparticles. Very high proton conductivity and extremely diminutive methanol permeability are achieved. In addition, the durability and lifetime is observed to be exceptionally good (>2000 h). Abbreviations: DW: Deionised water; DLS: Dynamic light scattering; DMFC: Direct methanol fuel cell; DMSO: Dimethyl sufoxide; DSDSBA: 4-formylbenzene-1,3-disulphonic acid disodium salt hydrate; GA: Glutaraldehyde; FTIR: Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; ICP-AES: Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy; IEC: Ion exchange capacity; MCO: Methanol crossover; MO2: Metallic oxides; Na-PAA: Sodium-polyacrylic acid; PEM: Proton exchange membrane; PEMFC: Proton-exchange membrane fuel cells; PSD: Particle size distribution; PVA: Poly vinyl alcohol; RH: Relative humidity; SEM: Scanning electron microscopy; SPEEK: Sulphonated poly (ether ether ketone); SPVA: Sulphonated polyvinyl alcohol; SPVA (5%): composite polymer membrane with 5% TiO2; SPVA (10%): composite polymer membrane with 10% TiO2; SPVA (15%): composite polymer membrane with 15% TiO2; TEM: Transmission electron microscope; TG-DSC: Thermo gravimetric differential scanning
Personalized Information Retrieval from Friendship Strength of Social Media Comments

Social networks have become an important venue to express the feelings of their users on a large scale. People are intuitive to use social networks to express their feelings, discuss ideas, and invite folks to take suggestions. Every social media user has a circle of friends. The suggestions of these friends are considered important contributions. Users pay more attention to suggestions provided by their friends or close friends. However, as the content on the Internet increases day by day, user satisfaction decreases at the same rate due to unsatisfactory search results. In this regard, different recommender systems have been developed that recommend friends to add topics and many other things according to the seeker’s interests. The existing system provides a solution for personalized retrieval, but its accuracy is still a problem. In this work, we have proposed a personalized query recommendation system that utilizes Friendship Strength (FS) to recommend queries. For FS calculation, we have used the Facebook dataset comprising of more than 22k records taken from four different accounts. We have developed a ranking algorithm that provides ranking based on FS. Compared with existing systems, the proposed system can provide encouraging results. Key research groups and organizations can use this system for personalized information retrieval.
Chimeras

It was commonly perceived during the Renaissance that imagination could engender monstrous offspring: a mother’s imaginings could deform the fetus in her womb. This chapter notes that the early moderns thought of outlandish phantasms as monsters too, akin to the chimera—an unnatural creature, part lion, serpent, and snake. Ironically, the power of imagination to produce chimeras through combination is unconsciously mimicked by early modern natural history texts, in which exotic beasts are routinely described as assemblages of other animals. Shakespeare in The Tempest challenges the supposed difference between natural and unnatural forms using a motif of “shape”—misshapen Caliban, but also shape-shifting Ariel, and the shapely Miranda and Ferdinand.