Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
NSS_A_360433 867..876

Background: Acute sleep loss increases the brain’s reactivity toward positive and negative affective stimuli. Thus, despite well-known reduced attention due to acute sleep loss, we hypothesized that humans would gaze longer on happy, angry, and fearful faces than neutral faces when sleep-deprived. We also examined if facial expressions are differently perceived after acute sleep loss. Methods: In the present, within-subjects study, 45 young adults participated in one night of total sleep deprivation and one night with an 8-hour sleep opportunity. On the morning after each night, an eye tracker was used to measure participants’ time spent fixating images of happy, angry, fearful, and neutral faces. Participants also evaluated faces’ attractiveness, trustworthiness, and healthiness on a 100-mm visual analog scale. Results: Following sleep loss, participants struggled more fixating the faces than after sleep. The decrease in total fixation duration ranged from 6.3% to 10.6% after sleep loss (P<0.001). Contrary to our hypothesis, the reduction in total fixation duration occurred irrespective of the displayed emotion (P=0.235 for sleep*emotion interaction) and was also present for the upper (P<0.001) but not the lower part of the faces (except for the lower part of angry faces). Overall, faces were evaluated as less trustworthy (−2.6 mm) and attractive (−3.6 mm) after sleep loss (p<0.05). Discussion: Facial expressions are crucial for social interactions. Thus, spending less time fixating on faces after acute sleep loss may come along with several problems for social interactions, eg, inaccurate and delayed judgment of the emotional state of others. In addition, more negative social impressions of others may lead to social withdrawal in sleep-deprived humans.
Factors Affecting Delivery Performance of Pamarican District Farmers' Unhulled Rice Grain Supply Chain System of Ciamis Regency with PT Mitra Desa Pamarican

One of the problems in fulfilling the staple food consumption of rice in Indonesia is the rice distribution system. Delivery performance is one of the important measurements in the supply chain system since it is an indicator of the accuracy of the quantity and time of grain delivery from rice farmers involved in partnership with PT MDP. Respondents used in this study consisted of 30 rice farmers chosen through purposive sampling technique in Pamarican District, Ciamis Regency, West Java. The analytical method used is multiple linear regression or multiple linear regression model with Ordinary Least Square to analyze the influence of the distance of the farmer to the grain collection point, the length of time the farmer makes inventory, the experience of farming, the farmer's storage capacity, and the method of payment for grain or the transaction system on the delivery performance. The results of the analysis show the variables of distance, inventory, and transaction systems. The distance variable has a significant positive effect, the inventory variable has a significant negative effect, and the cash transaction system will improve the delivery performance of farmers to PT MDP. Farmers make cost efficiency for grain delivery by collecting grain first. A decrease in delivery performance occurs when farmers store the grain longer
The Role of Antimicrobial Peptides as Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Agents in Tackling the Silent Pandemic of Antimicrobial Resistance

Just over a million people died globally in 2019 due to antibiotic resistance caused by ESKAPE pathogens (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter species). The World Health Organization (WHO) also lists antibiotic-resistant Campylobacter and Helicobacter as bacteria that pose the greatest threat to human health. As it is becoming increasingly difficult to discover new antibiotics, new alternatives are needed to solve the crisis of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Bacteria commonly found in complex communities enclosed within self-produced matrices called biofilms are difficult to eradicate and develop increased stress and antimicrobial tolerance. This review summarises the role of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) in combating the silent pandemic of AMR and their application in clinical medicine, focusing on both the advantages and disadvantages of AMPs as antibiofilm agents. It is known that many AMPs display broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities, but in a variety of organisms AMPs are not stable (short half-life) or have some toxic side effects. Hence, it is also important to develop new AMP analogues for their potential use as drug candidates. The use of one health approach along with developing novel therapies using phages and breakthroughs in novel antimicrobial peptide synthesis can help us in tackling the problem of AMR.
Csound: A Sound and Music Computing System

This rigorous book is a complete and up-to-date reference for the Csound system from the perspective of its main developers and power users. It explains the system, including the basic modes of operation and its programming language; it explores the many ways users can interact with the system, including the latest features; and it describes key applications such as instrument design, signal processing, and creative electronic music composition. The Csound system has been adopted by many educational institutions as part of their undergraduate and graduate teaching programs, and it is used by practitioners worldwide. This book is suitable for students, lecturers, composers, sound designers, programmers, and researchers in the areas of music, sound, and audio signal processing.
Literary placemaking and narrative immersion in extended reality virtual geographic environments

ABSTRACT Virtual geographical environments (VGEs) are being used to represent our sense of place through the application of extended-reality or cross-reality (XR) technologies with a focus on technological advancement and immersion. In light of this, we propose that an expanded and interdisciplinary understanding of the concept of immersion is required to facilitate an understanding of spatial data to a broader audience. The potential of focusing on narrative immersion and literary placemaking in VGEs is discussed to evoke a stronger sense of place and a feeling of presence and belonging in users. This paper seeks to highlight the unique affordances and potentialities of XR narrative style GIS digital representations through an interdisciplinary theoretically lead analysis of outputs created by the Building City dashboards project towards the goal of expanding audiences of non-specialist stakeholders in urban planning processes.
Endothelial EphrinB2 Regulates Sunitinib Therapy Response in Murine Glioma

Vascular guidance is critical in developmental vasculogenesis and pathological angiogenesis. Brain tumors are strongly vascularized, and antiangiogenic therapy was anticipated to exhibit a strong anti-tumor effect in this tumor type. However, vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) specific inhibition had no significant impact in clinical practice of gliomas. More research is needed to understand the failure of this therapeutic approach. EphrinB2 has been found to directly interact with vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) and regulate its activity. Here we analyzed the expression of ephrinB2 and EphB4 in human glioma, we observed vascular localization of ephrinB2 in physiology and pathology and found a significant survival reduction in patients with elevated ephrinB2 tumor expression. Induced endothelial specific depletion of ephrinB2 in the adult mouse (efnb2i∆EC) had no effect on the quiescent vascular system of the brain. However, we found glioma growth and perfusion altered in efnb2i∆EC animals similar to the effects observed with antiangiogenic therapy. No additional anti-tumor effect was observed in efnb2i∆EC animals treated with antiangiogenic therapy. Our data indicate that ephrinB2 and VEGFR2 converge on the same pathway and intervention with either molecule results in a reduction in angiogenesis.
Single Image Video Prediction with Auto-Regressive GANs

In this paper, we introduce an approach for future frames prediction based on a single input image. Our method is able to generate an entire video sequence based on the information contained in the input frame. We adopt an autoregressive approach in our generation process, i.e., the output from each time step is fed as the input to the next step. Unlike other video prediction methods that use “one shot” generation, our method is able to preserve much more details from the input image, while also capturing the critical pixel-level changes between the frames. We overcome the problem of generation quality degradation by introducing a “complementary mask” module in our architecture, and we show that this allows the model to only focus on the generation of the pixels that need to be changed, and to reuse those that should remain static from its previous frame. We empirically validate our methods against various video prediction models on the UT Dallas Dataset, and show that our approach is able to generate high quality realistic video sequences from one static input image. In addition, we also validate the robustness of our method by testing a pre-trained model on the unseen ADFES facial expression dataset. We also provide qualitative results of our model tested on a human action dataset: The Weizmann Action database.
Energy Storage Requirements for Achieving 50% Solar Photovoltaic Energy Penetration in California

NOTICE This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States government. Neither the United States government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States government or any agency thereof. Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank Elaine Hale and Brady Stoll for assistance processing and interpreting the demand response data. We also thank the following individuals for knowledgeable input and critical reviews: Executive Summary The rapidly declining cost of solar photovoltaic (PV) technology in combination with renewable portfolio standards is driving increased PV deployment in California. However, the variability of the solar resource creates uncertainty about the amount of PV that could be deployed without enabling technologies such as energy storage. A key limiting factor for PV deployment is curtailment, or the PV energy that would need to be rejected by system operators due to the supply/demand balance of the system. Most published analyses of high PV penetration in California to date have focused on PV penetration levels up to about 20%–25% on an annual energy basis. In this paper, we go beyond previous analyses by exploring PV penetration levels of up to 50% in California (with renewable penetration over 66%), and we examine the potential role of storage. Specifically, we examine the amount of storage that may be required to keep PV curtailment to acceptable levels. The amount of curtailment that is acceptable will depend on many factors, and for this analysis, we aim for a target level of curtailment that will keep the incremental cost of additional PV below the estimated variable cost of a combined-cycle generator in 2030, or about seven cents per kilowatt-hour (kWh). An analysis of the role of storage must consider the evolution of the grid and the likely deployment of various flexibility options. Before evaluating storage, we first consider the …
The Effect of Surfactant Type and Concentration on Physicochemical Properties of Carvedilol Solid Dispersions Prepared by Wet Milling Method

The present study mainly aimed to prepare solid dispersions (SDs) of a poorly water-soluble compound, carvedilol (CA), in the presence of pluronic F68 (F68) and myrj 52 by wet milling technique in order to enhance drug dissolution. The process enabled the preparation of SDs without using any toxic organic solvents. SDs with different CA: surfactant ratios were prepared by wet milling followed by freeze-drying method and evaluated for their particle size and dissolution. They were also characterized based on/using X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and saturated solubility. The effect of cryoprotectant type on the dissolution and particle size of SDs was also investigated. Wet milling process resulted in the reduced particle size depending on the type of surfactant. The significant drug dissolution and saturated solubility enhancement were recorded for milled SD formulations. In this regard, Myrj had a greater impact compared to F68. Dissolution efficiencies (DE30) obtained for the myrj-included SDs were up to 8.2-fold higher than that of untreated CA. The type of cryoprotectant was also found to affect the drug dissolution. According to the results, partial amorphization occurred in wet-milled samples, as confirmed by XRD and DSC analysis. It was concluded that using an appropriate surfactant along with wet-milling method may have been an effective approach for improving the dissolution rate of CA, a poorly soluble compound.
Quatsomes Formulated with l-Prolinol-Derived Surfactants as Antibacterial Nanocarriers of (+)-Usnic Acid with Antioxidant Activity

The efficacy of the treatment of bacterial infection is seriously reduced because of antibiotic resistance; thus, therapeutic solutions against drug-resistant microbes are necessary. Nanoparticle-based solutions are particularly promising for meeting this challenge because they can offer intrinsic antimicrobial activity and sustained drug release at the target site. Herein, we present a newly developed nanovesicle system of the quatsome family, composed of l-prolinol-derived surfactants and cholesterol, which has noticeable antibacterial activity even on Gram-negative strains, demonstrating great potential for the treatment of bacterial infections. We optimized the vesicle stability and antibacterial activity by tuning the surfactant chain length and headgroup charge (cationic or zwitterionic) and show that these quatsomes can furthermore serve as nanocarriers of pharmaceutical actives, demonstrated here by the encapsulation of (+)-usnic acid, a natural substance with many pharmacological properties.
Wireless energy harvesting using time reversal technique: An experimental study with numerical verification

Fully embedded devices and portable devices located in inaccessible areas may be constrained in terms of service lifespan due to limitations in battery capacity. Furthermore, conventional electromagnetic-based wireless charging may be difficult due to environmental interference. Thus, in this article, we present a method that can remotely charge such devices through piezo-generated stress waves that propagate along the structure hosting the device to be charged. However, in order to fully utilize such a conduit for transmitting energy, the dispersive and scattering nature of solid materials should be overcome. As a way to overcome this obstacle, the method innovatively applies the time reversal technique for use in energy harvesting. Through the time reversal technique, the energy transmitted by external actuators, instead of dispersing unhelpfully around the device, can be focused tightly at the energy harvesting component of the device. The method was successfully demonstrated on a copper pipe using four piezoelectric transducers. It was further found that time-reversed signals from multiple actuators can linearly superimpose to increase the amount of energy focused on the energy harvester, thus potentially solving problems related to distance and the signal attenuating properties of the material in the hosting structure. The method was also modeled and simulated using the finite element method through the commercial FE-package Abaqus. Results from both experiment and simulation matched well, thus demonstrating the viability of the wireless energy harvesting method.
Identification and Characterization of Extrachromosomal Circular DNA in Plasma of Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients

Background Chromosome is the basic framework for eukaryotic cells to store genetic information, but certain genes exist in circulation, such as extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA). The unique genetic characteristics and structure of eccDNA provide a new vision on the early diagnosis of cancer; however, whether eccDNA contributes to the early diagnosis and progression of lung cancer remains unclear. Methods We performed next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis of eccDNA from the plasma of 6 lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients. The data of plasma eccDNA of healthy people were obtained from public available database. We compared size distribution, chromosome origin, formation and expression patterns of eccDNA between LUAD patients and those of 6 healthy people and 4 healthy gravidas. Results A total number of 716,059 eccDNA ranging from 22 bp to 3,297,519 bp were detected with an average size less than 800bp and distinctive bimodality in size around 191 bp and 320 bp. After comparison of eccDNA abundance in each sequencing sample, nine eccDNA were ranked on top with higher frequency in lung adenocarcinoma patients than healthy people. Among them, four eccDNA (DOCK1, PPIC, TBC1D16, and RP11-370A5.1) were uniquely expressed in lung adenocarcinoma patients, which may serve as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis LUAD. Conclusion Cancer-specific eccDNA was presented in LUAD compared to normal people, which might serve as a promising biomarker in LUAD.
The Therapeutic Role of Ketogenic Diet in Neurological Disorders

The ketogenic diet (KD) is a high-fat, low-carbohydrate and adequate-protein diet that has gained popularity in recent years in the context of neurological diseases (NDs). The complexity of the pathogenesis of these diseases means that effective forms of treatment are still lacking. Conventional therapy is often associated with increasing tolerance and/or drug resistance. Consequently, more effective therapeutic strategies are being sought to increase the effectiveness of available forms of therapy and improve the quality of life of patients. For the moment, it seems that KD can provide therapeutic benefits in patients with neurological problems by effectively controlling the balance between pro- and antioxidant processes and pro-excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters, and modulating inflammation or changing the composition of the gut microbiome. In this review we evaluated the potential therapeutic efficacy of KD in epilepsy, depression, migraine, Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. In our opinion, KD should be considered as an adjuvant therapeutic option for some neurological diseases.
A Multiphase High Step-Up Interleaved Boost Converter with Voltage Multiplier and Active Clamp Circuits

This paper introduces a multi-phase high step-up converter, containing two output capacitors. This multi-phase interleaved boost converter ensures low input current ripple, low switches current stresses and low conduction losses. The active clamp circuit guarantees ZVS operation for all power switches, as well as ZCS operation for power diodes. High-voltage gain and low-voltage stresses on diodes and switches are achieved, due to the employed diode-capacitor voltage multiplier. Therefore, low-voltage rating switches, diodes, and capacitors can be used. Consequently, lower conduction losses and higher efficiency values are achieving. To realize the input inductors current balancing, the inductors must be chosen the same or current balancing techniques, such as average or peak current control approach, must be applied. Two capacitors, in-parallel with the load, have been used. Thus, half of the output voltage stress is applied on both of these capacitors. The given converter has been analyzed and simulated, here.
The Role of SNHG15 in the Pathogenesis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts of more than 200 nucleotides which cannot be translated into proteins. Small nucleolar RNA host gene 15 (SNHG15) is a lncRNA whose dysregulation has been found to have an important impact on carcinogenesis and affect the prognosis of cancer patients in various cancer types. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers with a poor long-term prognosis, while the best prognostic factor of the disease is its early diagnosis and surgery. Consequently, the investigation of the mechanisms of hepatocarcinogenesis, as well as the discovery of efficient molecular markers and therapeutic targets are of great significance. An extensive literature search was performed in MEDLINE in order to identify clinical studies that tried to reveal the role of SNHG15 in HCC. We used keywords such as ‘HCC’, ‘hepatocellular carcinoma’, ‘SNHG15’ and ‘clinical study’. Finally, we included four studies written in English, published during the period 2016–2021. It was revealed that SNHG15 is related to the appearance of HCC via different routes and its over-expression affects the overall survival of the patients. More assays are required in order to clarify the potential role of SNHG15 as a prognostic tool and therapeutic target in HCC.
Fragment ion–functional group relationships in organic aerosols using aerosol mass spectrometry and mid-infrared spectroscopy

Abstract. Aerosol mass spectrometry (AMS) and mid-infrared spectroscopy (MIR) are two analytical methods for characterizing the chemical composition of organic matter (OM). While AMS provides high-temporal-resolution bulk measurements, the extensive fragmentation during the electron ionization makes the characterization of OM components limited. The analysis of aerosols collected on polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) filters using MIR, on the other hand, provides functional group information with reduced sample alteration but results in a relatively low temporal resolution. In this work, we compared and combined MIR and AMS measurements for several environmental chamber experiments of combustion-related aerosols to achieve a better understanding of the AMS spectra and the OM chemical evolution with aging. Fresh emissions of wood and coal burning were injected into an environmental simulation chamber and aged with hydroxyl and nitrate radicals. A high-resolution time-of-flight AMS measured the bulk chemical composition of fine OM. Fine aerosols were also sampled on PTFE filters before and after aging for the offline MIR analysis. After comparing AMS and MIR bulk measurements, we used multivariate statistics to identify the functional groups associated the most with the AMS OM for different aerosol sources and oxidants. We also identified the key fragment ions resulting from molecules containing each functional group for the complex OM generated from biomass and fossil fuel combustion. Finally, we developed a statistical model that enables the estimation of the high-time-resolution functional group composition of OM using collocated AMS and MIR measurements. AMS spectra can be used to interpolate the functional group measurements by MIR using this approach. The latter allows us to better understand the evolution of OM during the aging process.