Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Determination of Enzyme Activity and Vitamin Content of Moringa Oleifera Lam. in Response to Glutathione and Biofertilizer under Water Stress

The study was carried out in the canopy belongs to the Horticulture and Landscape Department - College of Agriculture - University of Kerbala in pots with a capacity of 28 kg during the spring growing season 2021 to know the effect of spraying with glutathione, biofertilizer (Algacell) under different water stress levels on the effectiveness of some enzymes and the content of some vitamins of Moringa Oleifera plant. The study was designed as a factorial experiment according to the randomized complete block design (R.C.B.D), as the study included three factors: glutathione with three concentrations (0, 100, 200) mg.L−1 and biofertilizer (Algacell) at two levels (0 and 10) ml. L−1 and water stress with three levels of field capacity (60%, 50%, 40%), and the averages were compared using Dunkin’s multinomial test at a probability level of 0.05. Most of the vegetative growth characteristics were the spraying treatment at a concentration of 200 ml. L−1 achieved the highest rates in terms of (the activity of the enzyme catalase, the activity of the dismutase enzyme, the activity of the peroxidase enzyme, the concentration of ascorbic acid), which reached (2.75%, 28.622%, 6.005 mg.gm−1, 7.561%, 0.377 units.gm−1, 11.777 gm−1, 0.990 gm−1, 275.444 mg.gm−1), respectively, followed by the spray treatment with a concentration of 100 ml. L−1, while the comparison treatment recorded fewer concentrations, while the bio-fertilizer (Algacell) did not achieve a significant difference in all the studied traits, while the water stress treatment excelled at the level of 40% of the field capacity in the traits (the activity of the catalase enzyme, the activity of the dismutase enzyme, the activity of the peroxidase enzyme, the concentration of ascorbic acid, the concentration of α-Tocopherol) which gave respectively (0.446 gm−1, 13.222 gm−1, 1.133 gm−1, 294.167 mg.gm−1, 257.83 μg.gm−1), and the effect of the double and triple interaction between the treatments was similar to their single effects in improving most of the studied traits.
Photovoltage Energy Exploitation in Iraq: Overview of Obstacles and Solutions

Energy is an essential component of meeting social needs and economic growth. The international energy agency (IEA) estimates that a 53% increase in global energy consumption is expected by 2030. Pollution of environment, climate change, and the growing of demand energy worldwide require serious attention. Moreover, fossil fuels will significantly contribute to greenhouse gas emissions from combustion and exacerbate climate change. Renewable energies (REs) such as solar, wind, hydropower, geothermal, and biofuels are the right solution to running out of fossil fuels, protecting the environment, and stopping climate degradation. Many countries have jumped into the field of energy production from photovoltaic panels to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and recorded success stories. This paper reviews the great efforts developed countries and the rest of the world made in investing in solar energy. Especially photovoltaic energy, and compares it with the reality of the situation concerning the neighboring countries of Iraq in general and in Iraq in particular, and shows the determinants of developing this industry and the difficulties it faces, especially in the field of providing electricity to cities and farms. Moreover, providing appropriate solutions based on the success stories achieved by other countries.
A taxonomic Environmental Study of some Dicotyledon Plant Species Growing Wildly in Western Iraq

Taxonomy gives great importance to the geographical distribution of plants on the surface of the planet earth, and for this reason, Cain introduced the term Areography to the science that is particularly interested in the areas of the spread of plants in the world. Therefore, this work dealt with an environmental study of several sites in western Iraq in terms of the type of soil and the biological communities of these sites. Samples of plants belonging to different families (dicotyledons), where most of the soils were salty and sandy except the areas adjacent to the Euphrates River were pure clay soil. Haloxylon salicornicum and Zygophyllum coccenium dominated most of the sandy soil environments.
A Systematic Review of Existing Standard Form of Contract for Building Information Modeling (BIM) Public Projects in Malaysia

Building Information Modeling (BIM) has been highlighted as one of the emerging technologies following the Industrial Revolution 4.0 (IR 4.0) within the Malaysian construction scene. Its potential includes the ability to enhance a project’s collaborative aspect within a project. The application, however, remains slow in comparison to the push by the Malaysian government to be at par with developed nations. In particular, the contractual aspect does not accommodate Building Information Modeling (BIM)’s process. As a result, gaps and doubts rise for industry players as the construction industry maintains its old ways of doing things. This paper, therefore, is aimed to uncover existing standard forms of contract for BIM public projects in Malaysia. Results have found Malaysian public projects to often adopt the Public Works Department (PWD) Standard Form of Contract as a reliable form of contract adopting the design and build procurement method. Following the research outcome, a contractual framework for the adoption of BIM within the construction industry is to be devised.
A correlation-based algorithm for recognition and tracking of partially occluded objects

In this work, a correlation-based algorithm consisting of a set of adaptive filters for recognition of occluded objects in still and dynamic scenes in the presence of additive noise is proposed. The designed algorithm is adaptive to the input scene, which may contain different fragments of the target, false objects, and background to be rejected. The algorithm output is high correlation peaks corresponding to pieces of the target in scenes. The proposed algorithm uses a bank of composite optimum filters. The performance of the proposed algorithm for recognition partially occluded objects is compared with that of common algorithms in terms of objective metrics.
Pile-Up Suppression in the ATLAS Level 1 Calorimeter Trigger and Searches for Higgs Boson Pair Production

The Preprocessor system of the ATLAS Level 1 Calorimeter Trigger processes analogue signals from the 7168 trigger towers in the electromagnetic and hadronic calorimeters. Almost all of the processing takes place in the Multi-Chip Module. The development and demonstration of the signal processing and noise suppression techniques incorporated into its design to reduce the sensitivity to the effects of event pile-up is presented. With these new pile-up suppression methods it is possible to maintain sufficient performance for missing transverse energy and multijet triggers at a luminosity of approximately $2 \times 10^{34}$ cm$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$. A search for resonant and nonresonant Higgs boson pair production in the $hh \rightarrow b\bar{b}\tau\tau$ channel is presented for 20.3 fb$^{-1}$ of $\sqrt{s}$ = 8 TeV data taken by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. The results of this analysis are also combined with the corresponding results obtained in the $hh \rightarrow WW^{*}\gamma\gamma$, $b\bar{b}\gamma\gamma$ and $b\bar{b}b\bar{b}$ analyses. Evidence for their production is not observed and upper limits are set at the 95\% confidence level on the production cross sections. For nonresonant $hh$ production an upper limit of 0.69 (0.47) pb is observed (expected). The observed (expected) upper limits for resonant $hh$ production from the decay of a heavy Higgs boson vary between 2.1 (1.1) pb at 260 GeV and 0.011 (0.018) pb at 1000 GeV. Interpretations of these results are made in the cases of two Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model scenarios
Hankel Singular Value Decomposition as a method of preprocessing the Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

The signal resulting from magnetic resonance spectroscopy is occupied by noises and irregularities so in the further analysis preprocessing techniques have to be introduced. The main idea of the paper is to develop a model of a signal as a sum of harmonics and to find its parameters. Such an approach is based on singular value decomposition applied to the data arranged in the Hankel matrix (HSVD) and can be used in each step of preprocessing techniques. For that purpose a method has was tested on real phantom data.
Changepoint detection for acoustic sensing signals

This thesis considers the application of changepoint detection methodology for the analysis of acoustic sensing signals. In the first part, we propose a detection procedure for changes in the second-order structure of a univariate time series. This utilises a penalised likelihood based on Whittle’s approximation and allows for a non-linear penalty function. This procedure is subsequently used to detect changes in acoustic sensing data which correspond to external disturbances of the measuring cable. The second part shifts focus to multivariate time series, and considers the detection of changes which occur in only a subset of the variables. We introduce the concept of changepoint vectors which we use to model such changes. A dynamic programming scheme is proposed which obtains the optimal configuration of changepoint vectors for a given multivariate series. Consideration of pruning techniques suggests that these are not practically viable for this setting. We therefore introduce approximations which vastly improve computational speed with negligible detrimental impact on accuracy. This approximated procedure is applied to multivariate acoustic sensing data.
Biochemical markers of bone turnover

The noninvasive assessment of bone turnover has received increasing attention over the past few years because of the need for sensitive markers in the clinical investigation of osteoporosis. Markers of bone formation include the serum measurement of total and bone‐specific alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, and type I collagen extension peptides. Assessment of bone resorption can be achieved with measurement of fasting urinary calcium and hydroxyproline, urinary hydroxylysine glycosides, urinary excretion of the pyridinium cross‐links (pyridinoline and deoxypyridinoline), and plasma tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase activity. Several studies performed in a variety of metabolic bone diseases have shown these markers to be of unequal sensitivity and specificity. In addition, some of them are not fully characterized. For assessment of the level of bone turnover in women with vertebral osteoporosis, serum osteocalcin and urinary pyridinoline appear to be the most sensitive markers so far. Programs combining bone mass measurement and assessment of bone turnover by several markers in women at the time of menopause are being developed in an attempt to improve the assessment of the risk for osteoporosis. Efforts are being made to develop more convenient assays and to identify other markers of bone turnover. A battery of various specific markers is likely to improve the assessment of the complex and subtle anormalities of bone metabolism that characterize metabolic bone diseases, especially the various aspects of osteoporosis.
Neurotrophins : evolution of concepts on rational therapeutic approaches

N (NT) were “brought to life” by Rita Levi-Montalcini and Stanley Cohen, thanks to their discovery of the nerve growth factor (NGF) isolated from the malignant tumor. A hint got from the cancer studies on the presence of NTs and other molecules like metalloproteases, which control neuronal remodeling and extracellular matrix in tumors, was the stimulus to investigate the role of these molecules in physiology and post-lesion plasticity of the nervous system. NTs have long been identified as drivers of neurogenesis during development and regeneration of the nervous system. Thousands of investigations spanned from early sixties till now provided strong evidence that this small family of molecules is indispensable for central and peripheral nervous system maintenance throughout the whole life of different animal species. In mammals NTs regulate sensation, movement, behavior, and cognition. A problem, which accompanies the majority of experimental therapies using NTs following injury of the nervous system, stems from unspecific and uncontrolled stimulation of the whole circuitry of preserved neurons. Among the already identified causes of clinical trial failure with the use of NT therapy in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases are: (1) disregarding neuronal preferences to selected NTs; (2) poor knowledge on NT pharmacokinetics (3) uncontrolled spread of NTs when administered systemically, which could have unpredictable effects on other than intended neuronal populations (4) limitations of tissue penetration of some NTs (5) disturbances of the balance between signal transmission through their Trk and LNGTR receptors. I present our contribution to the field and efforts to control spatially and temporally postinjury NT signaling.
HCV-Recurrence After Liver Transplantation

Hepatitis-C-virus (HCV) represents one of the most serious threats for human liver and chronic HCV-infection results in the development of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HCV is an enveloped RNA-virus belonging to the flaviviridae family. Currently six identified HCV-genotypes, different in their geographic distribution define the severity of pathogenic effect, disease course and treatment results. About 1.5% of the European population are HCV-positive. Although the natural history of HCV-infection is rather slow, highly variable disease progression may lead to a rapid loss of liver function [1, 2]. An estimated annual incidence of new infections (3-4 millions) explains 170 million HCV-positive people worldwide. 80% of all HCV-infections become chronic and fewer than 25% of HCV-positive individuals are clinically apparent presenting either in a clinically stable state with few only symptoms or with fully decompensated liver disease with a dire prognosis [1, 3, 4]. Once chronic HCV-infection is established, the rates of spontaneous viral clearance remain discouraging.
SUPER EFFICIENT GEODESICS IN THE COMPLEX OF CURVES

We introduce a subclass of the eﬃcient geodesics, called super ef-ﬁcient geodesics , that the bound of intersection number in the initial eﬃciency only depends on the genus of surface. For any two vertices, v, w ∈ C ( S g ) , in the complex of curves of a closed oriented surface of genus g ≥ 2 , and any eﬃcient geodesic, v = v 1 , · · · , v d = w , it was previously established by Birman, Margalit and the second author [4] that there is an explicitly computable list of at most d (6 g − 6) candidates for the v 1 vertex. In this note we establish a bound for this computable list for the super eﬃcient geodesics that is independent of d-distance and only dependent on genus. The proof relies on an intersection growth inequality (IGI) between the intersection number of two curves and their distance in the complex of curves, together with a thorough analysis of the dot graph associated with the intersection sequence.
Immunoproliferative small intestinal disease associated with Campylobacter jejuni

Background. Immunoproliferative small intestinal disease (IPSID, also known as alpha-chain disease) is a form of lymphoma that arises in small intestinal mucosa-associated lymphoid-tissue (MALT), and is associated with the expression of a monotypic truncated immunoglobulin a-heavy chain without associated light chain. Early stage IPSID responds to antibiotics, suggesting a bacterial origin. Previous attempts to identify a causative agent have failed. Methods. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), DNA sequencing, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and immunohistochemical studies were performed on intestinal biopsies obtained from a series of patients with IPSID. Results. Analysis of frozen intestinal tissue obtained from an index patient with IPSID who exhibited a dramatic response to antibiotics revealed the presence of Campylobacter jejuni. A follow-up retrospective analysis of archival intestinal biopsies disclosed Campylobacter spp. in four of six additional patients with IPSID. Conclusions. These results indicate an association between Campylobacter spp. and IPSID, and suggest that C. jejuni should be considered a candidate for addition to the growing list of human pathogens responsible for immunoproliferative states.
Gradiometric tunable-gap flux qubits in a circuit QED architecture

In circuit quantum electrodynamics or quantum simulation experiments, superconducting quantum bits with long coherence time, high in situ tunability and usually large anharmonicity are required. In contrast to the popular transmon, the gradiometric tunable-gap flux qubit meets all these requirements. We fabricate and characterize such a qubit and demonstrate its first implementation into a transmission line resonator. We show spectroscopy and first time domain results.
Marshals, monotone marshals, and hypertree‐width

The tree‐width of a hypergraph H equals one less than the number of cops necessary to catch the robber in the Monotone Robber and Cops Game played on H. Analogously, the hypertree‐width of a hypergraph is characterised by the Monotone Robber and Marshals Game. While the Robber and Cops Game and its monotone variant coincide, Gottlob, Leone and Scarcello stated the corresponding question for the Robber and Marshals Game as an open problem. We give a negative answer. Concerning the generalised hypertree‐width, our counterexamples show that it is neither characterised by the Robber and Marshals Game nor by its monotone variant. We conclude by resuming how these hypergraph invariants are related. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 47: 275–296 2004
Dataset of Solution-based Inorganic Materials Synthesis Recipes Extracted from the Scientific Literature

The development of a materials synthesis route is usually based on heuristics and experience. A possible new approach would be to apply data-driven approaches to learn the patterns of synthesis from past experience and use them to predict the syntheses of novel materials. However, this route is impeded by the lack of a large-scale database of synthesis formulations. In this work, we applied advanced machine learning and natural language processing techniques to construct a dataset of 35,675 solution-based synthesis"recipes"extracted from the scientific literature. Each recipe contains essential synthesis information including the precursors and target materials, their quantities, and the synthesis actions and corresponding attributes. Every recipe is also augmented with the reaction formula. Through this work, we are making freely available the first large dataset of solution-based inorganic materials synthesis recipes.
Strong inflammatory cytokine response in male and strong anti‐inflammatory response in female kidney transplant recipients with urinary tract infection

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common post‐transplant infection in renal transplant recipients. The relationship of plasma and urine cytokines with UTI after kidney transplantation has not yet been delineated and literature reports on cytokine and UTI are rare. In a retrospective study, we compared post‐transplant plasma and urine cytokine levels of 132 outpatient renal transplant recipients with or without UTI. Soluble interleukin‐1 receptor antagonist (sIL‐1RA), IL‐2, sIL‐2R, IL‐3, IL‐4, IL‐6, sIL‐6R, IL‐8, IL‐10, transforming growth factor‐β2 (TGF‐β2), interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ), and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) levels were determined using commercially available enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. We found gender‐related urine cytokine patterns. Anti‐inflammatory sIL‐1RA was significantly higher in females than in males and this gender‐related difference was more pronounced in bacteriuric (P < 0.0001) than in nonbacteriuric (P = 0.001) patients. Urine proinflammatory cytokines IL‐6 (P = 0.001) and IL‐8 (P = 0.007) were significantly higher in male patients with bacteriuria than in males without bacteriuria and sIL‐2R (P = 0.001) and sIL‐6R (P = 0.03) were significantly higher in males with leukocyturia than in males without leukocyturia. Bacteriuria in males was associated with higher doses of immunosuppressive drugs (P = 0.02). Male renal transplant recipients with UTI have a strong inflammatory cytokine response with activation of IL‐6, IL‐8, sIL‐2R and sIL‐6R producing cells, whereas female patients with UTI block the inflammatory response to UTI by production of sIL‐1RA.
Towards Theoretically Understanding Why S GD Generalizes Better Than A DAM in Deep Learning (Supplementary File)

This supplementary document contains the technical proofs of convergence results and some additional numerical results of the work entitled “Towards Theoretically Understanding Why S GD Generalizes Better Than A DAM in Deep Learning”. It is structured as follows. In Appendix A, we provides more construction details of the SDE for A DAM and also conduct experiments which show very similar convergence behaviors of A DAM (S GD ) and its SDE. Appendix B compares our work with the related work [1, 2] in more details. Appendix C summarizes the notations throughout this document and also provides the auxiliary theories and lemmas for subsequent analysis whose proofs are deferred to Appendix E. Then Appendix D gives the proofs of the main results in Sec. 4, including Theorem 1 which analyzes the escaping time analysis of Lévy-driven SDEs and Theorem 2 which proves the processes with and without Lévy motion are close to each other. Finally, in Appendix E we presents the proofs of auxiliary theories and lemmas in Appendix C, including Theorems 3 ∼ 4 and Lemmas 1 ∼ 3.
Onsite Non-Line-of-Sight Imaging via Online Calibration

There has been increasing interest in deploying non-line-of-sight (NLOS) imaging systems for recovering objects hidden behind corners. Existing solutions need to calibrate the imaging system using auxiliary apparatus and additional detectors. We present an online calibration technique that directly decouples the transients, which are acquired by onsite scanning on a relay surface, into line-of-sight (LOS) and hidden components. We use the former to directly (re-)calibrate the system upon changes of scene $-$ surface configurations, scannable regions, and sampling patterns, and the latter for hidden object recovery via spatial-, frequency-, or learning-based techniques. We also calculate a Gamma map from the LOS component to preview calibration effects for accurate transient measurements. The entire process of our calibration for 64 scanning points takes no more than 14 seconds on an Intel i7-6600H CPU. In particular, our technique avoids using auxiliary calibration tools such as mirrors or checkerboards and supports both uniform and non-uniform sampling in an onsite NLOS imaging system. Comprehensive experiments via calibration evaluation and NLOS reconstruction demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of our solution. Besides, we have made our data and code open-source on GitHub to the research community.