Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A taxonomic guide to modern benthic shelf foraminifera of the western Mediterranean Sea

A total of 288 modern benthic carbonate shelf foraminifera in three areas of the Western Mediterranean Sea (Alboran Platform, Oran Bight and the southwest shelf of Mallorca) have been studied and are systematically listed. This systematic description provides a list of synonyms, short remarks about morphological features of the taxa and some annotations about taxa with problematic generic status. Most of the taxa are illustrated by SEM photographs. Yvonne Milker. Geological-Paleontological Institute and Museum (GPI u. M.), University of Hamburg, Bundesstrasse 55, 22307 Hamburg. Present address: Department of Geosciences, University of Tuebingen, Hoelderlinstrasse 12, 20146 Tuebingen. Yvonne.Milker@uni-tuebingen.de Gerhard Schmiedl. Geological-Paleontological Institute and Museum (GPI u. M.), University of Hamburg, Bundesstrasse 55, 20146 Hamburg. Gerhard.Schmiedl@uni-hamburg.de
A Bibliometric Analysis of Recent Developments and Trends in Knowledge Graph Research (2013–2022)

Knowledge graphs have emerged as a useful resource and tool for representing real-world entities and their relations, which gained increasing importance in the fields of deep learning and machine learning. This research aims to investigate the academic publications of knowledge graphs between 2013 and 2022 based on the core collection of the Web of Science and examine hot topics and the latest developments in this subject. Thus, the present research adopted a bibliometric analysis to explore the indicators, which mainly focus on different variables from the diachronic productivity of scientific publications to the most prolific countries and the leading publication journals. By means of VOSviewer software, the most productive authors and the frequency of author keywords were further analyzed. The results manifest that dramatic growth has been identified in the past five years due to the output of publications regarding this subject, and the frequently explored themes were mainly conducted from six dimensions, focusing on ontology modelling, knowledge extraction, knowledge graph embedding, graph-based knowledge representation, multi-modal knowledge graphs and knowledge-aware applications. The findings could help researchers gain a thorough understanding of knowledge graph research, optimize research topic choices, and detect new directions for future studies.
Lorentz Equivariant Model for Knowledge-Enhanced Collaborative Filtering

Introducing prior auxiliary information from the knowledge graph (KG) to assist the user-item graph can improve the comprehen-sive performance of the recommender system. Many recent studies show that the ensemble properties of hyperbolic spaces ﬁt the scale-free and hierarchical characteristics exhibited in the above two types of graphs well. However, existing hyperbolic methods ignore the consideration of equivariance, thus they cannot generalize symmetric features under given transformations, which seriously limits the capability of the model. Moreover, they cannot balance preserving the heterogeneity and mining the high-order entity information to users across two graphs. To ﬁll these gaps, we propose a rigorously Lorentz group equivariant knowledge-enhanced collaborative ﬁltering model (LECF). Innovatively, we jointly update the attribute embeddings (containing the high-order entity signals from the KG) and hyperbolic embeddings (the distance between hyperbolic embeddings reveals the recommendation tendency) by the LECF layer with Lorentz Equivariant Transformation. Moreover, we propose Hyperbolic Sparse Attention Mechanism to sample the most informative neighbor nodes. Lorentz equivariance is strictly maintained throughout the entire model, and enforcing equivariance is proven necessary experimentally. Extensive experiments on three real-world benchmarks demonstrate that LECF remarkably outperforms state-of-the-art methods.
Information-Theoretical Analysis of the Cycle of Creation of Knowledge and Meaning in Brains under Multiple Cognitive Modalities

It is of great interest to develop advanced sensory technologies allowing non-invasive monitoring of neural correlates of cognitive processing in people performing everyday tasks. A lot of progress has been reported in recent years in this research area using scalp EEG arrays, but the high level of noise in the electrode signals poses a lot of challenges. This study presents results of detailed statistical analysis of experimental data on the cycle of creation of knowledge and meaning in human brains under multiple cognitive modalities. We measure brain dynamics using a HydroCel Geodesic Sensor Net, 128-electrode dense-array electroencephalography (EEG). We compute a pragmatic information (PI) index derived from analytic amplitude and phase, by Hilbert transforming the EEG signals of 20 participants in six modalities, which combine various audiovisual stimuli, leading to different mental states, including relaxed and cognitively engaged conditions. We derive several relevant measures to classify different brain states based on the PI indices. We demonstrate significant differences between engaged brain states that require sensory information processing to create meaning and knowledge for intentional action, and relaxed-meditative brain states with less demand on psychophysiological resources. We also point out that different kinds of meanings may lead to different brain dynamics and behavioral responses.
Read-through transcription of tRNA underlies the cell cycle-dependent dissociation of IHF from the DnaA-inactivating sequence datA

Timely initiation of chromosomal DNA replication in Escherichia coli is achieved by cell cycle-coordinated regulation of the replication origin, oriC, and the replication initiator, ATP-DnaA. Cellular levels of ATP-DnaA increase and peak at the time for initiation at oriC, after which hydrolysis of DnaA-bound ATP causes those to fall, yielding initiation-inactive ADP-DnaA. This hydrolysis is facilitated by the chromosomal locus datA located downstream of the tRNA-Gly (glyV-X-Y) operon, which possesses a cluster of DnaA-binding sequences and a single binding site (IBS) for the DNA bending protein IHF (integration host factor). While IHF binding activates the datA function and is regulated to occur specifically at post-initiation time, the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain obscure. Here, we demonstrate that datA-IHF binding at pre-initiation time is down-regulated depending on the read-through transcription of datA IBS initiated at the glyV-X-Y promoter. During the cell cycle, the level of read-through transcription, but not promoter activity, fluctuated in a manner inversely related to datA-IHF binding. Transcription from the glyV-X-Y promoter was predominantly interrupted at datA IBS by IHF binding. The terminator/attenuator sequence of the glyV-X-Y operon, as well as DnaA binding within datA overall, contributed to attenuation of transcription upstream of datA IBS, preserving the timely fluctuation of read-through transcription. These findings provide a mechanistic insight of tRNA transcription-dependent datA-IHF regulation, in which an unidentified factor is additionally required for the timely datA-IHF dissociation, and support the significance of datA for controlling the cell cycle progression as a connecting hub of tRNA production and replication initiation.
Advancements in Glaucoma Diagnosis: The Role of AI in Medical Imaging

The progress of artificial intelligence algorithms in digital image processing and automatic diagnosis studies of the eye disease glaucoma has been growing and presenting essential advances to guarantee better clinical care for the population. Given the context, this article describes the main types of glaucoma, traditional forms of diagnosis, and presents the global epidemiology of the disease. Furthermore, it explores how studies using artificial intelligence algorithms have been investigated as possible tools to aid in the early diagnosis of this pathology through population screening. Therefore, the related work section presents the main studies and methodologies used in the automatic classification of glaucoma from digital fundus images and artificial intelligence algorithms, as well as the main databases containing images labeled for glaucoma and publicly available for the training of machine learning algorithms.
Evaluating Algeria’s social and economic development using a series of night-time light images between 1992 to 2012

ABSTRACT After social and economic problems, Algeria regained its night-time light (NL) brightness as this analysis of space-borne images shows. We evaluate the advancement of artificial light sources and the socioeconomic development between 1992 to 2012 for all 48 provinces. Image calibration improved the consistency and comparability of the DMSP-OLS data. Light detected from gas flaring has been separated to focus on light from human settlements. We then estimated the relationship between night-time light and selected socioeconomic parameters (SEP). Night-time light growth (NLG) and night-time light annual growth (NLAG) indices are calculated at the national, regional and provincial level. Considering the Oil price crash and the Algerian Civil Concord, we take a detailed look at these historic events in Algeria. Our main findings are: (A) The total night-time light (TNL) for human settlements grew nationwide by 128%, (B) night-time light data correlates with socioeconomic parameters such as population, and electric power consumption, (C) the oil price crash resulted in slower night-time light growth, while the Algerian Civil Concord and the end of the crises led to increased TNL, (D) because of government investment, the High Plateaus are the fastest growing region since the end of the crises, (E) space-borne night-time light data can consistently fill the information gap when data from official sources are not available. Government and policy-making bodies may benefit from the presented findings allowing them to oversee and address provincial inequalities and economic development.
SEDIMENTOLOGÍA Y PROVENIENCIA DE LOS DEPÓSITOS DE LA FORMACIÓN VERA (GRUPO LOS MENUCOS - TRIÁSICO) EN EL ÁREA DEL PUESTO TSCHERIG, PROVINCIA DE RÍO NEGRO, ARGENTINA

El Grupo Los Menucos (Triasico) es parte del relleno de la cuenca homonima, localizada en la Provincia de Rio Negro, Argentina. Esta unidad comprende las formaciones Vera y Sierra Colorada. La primera esta compuesta por una sucesion de aproximadamente 130 m de espesor de ignimbritas con intercalaciones de sedimentitas tabulares y abundante contenido volcanico. La suprayacente Formacion Sierra Colorada esta constituida por una sucesion ignimbritica de 20 m de espesor. La presente contribucion tiene como objetivo establecer el paleoambiente depositacional y la procedencia de los detritos de la Formacion Vera en el area de Puesto Tscherig. En este trabajo se reconocieron cinco litofacies: Fl (limoarcilita y arenisca fina laminada), depositada por decantacion en cuerpos de agua; Sh (arenisca con estratificacion horizontal), depositada en condiciones de lecho plano y alto regimen de flujo; Sr (arenisca fina con ondulas de corriente y laminacion cruzada), depositada por migracion de ondulas de corriente; Sm (arenisca masiva), depositada por flujos hiperconcentrados y/o corrientes diluidas de Tipo 2; y Sgp (arenisca con trizas de vidrio y pomez) depositada por flujos de detritos. Estas facies se asociaron en dos elementos arquitecturales denominados VS (Sedimentacion Volcaniclastica) y FF (Depositos Finos de Barreales). El elemento VS se compone de las facies Sgp, Sm y de manera subordinada Sh. Se interpreto a este elemento como depositos mono o multiepisodicos de flujos de detritos y/o hiperconcentrados hasta corrientes diluidas producto de la resedimentacion de depositos piroclasticos no soldados. El elemento FF se compone de facies Fl y Sr, interpretandose como depositos de traccion y decantacion en lagunas efimeras y/o barreales. El patron de apilamiento reconocido permitio discriminar cinco episodios depositaciones granodecrecientes que involucran sedimentacion a partir de flujos de detritos y/o hiperconcentrados en sectores proximales que a medida se movilizaban disminuian su concentracion de sedimentos hasta originar depositos por traccion/decantacion en sectores distales. El analisis de proveniencia de las areniscas y el registro de estructuras relacionadas con proyecciones balisticas permitio inferir un volcanismo coetaneo con la depositacion, que habria afectado las condiciones paleoambientales y paleotopograficas. El estudio de madurez textural y el analisis petrografico de las areniscas evidencian un escaso transporte de los sedimentos, posiblemente restringido por las irregularidades de la topografia volcanica. Ademas, el estudio de paleocorrientes y las estructuras de deformacion producidas por las proyecciones balisticas son compatibles con la presencia de un edificio volcanico en la porcion noreste del area estudiada.
Molecular Imaging of Fibrosis in Benign Diseases: An Overview of the State of the Art

Fibrosis is a progressive pathological process participating in the progression of many diseases and can ultimately result in organ malfunction and failure. Around 45% of deaths in the United States are believed to be attributable to fibrotic disorders, and there are no favorable treatment regiments available to meet the need of blocking fibrogenesis, reversing established fibrosis, and curing diseases, especially in the terminal stage. Therefore, early detection and continuous monitoring provide valuable benefits for patients. Among all the advanced techniques developed in recent years for fibrosis evaluation, molecular imaging stands out with its distinct advantage of visualizing biochemical processes and patterns of target localization at the molecular and cellular level. In this review, we summarize the current state of the art in molecular imaging of benign fibrosis diseases. We will first introduce molecular pathways underlying fibrosis processes and potential targets. We will then elaborate on molecular probes that have been developed thus far, expounding on their mechanisms and current states of translational advancement. Finally, we will delineate the extant challenges impeding further progress in this area and the prospective benefits after overcoming these problems.
Analysing past land use land cover change and CA-Markov-based future modelling in the Middle Suluh Valley, Northern Ethiopia

Abstract This paper evaluates the past land use land cover (LULC) change and simulates the future change using Landsat images in northern Ethiopia. A supervised classification method with a maximum likelihood algorithm was employed to detect the past changes using ENVI 5.3 software. Moreover, a Cellular Automata (CA)-Makrov model was used to simulate from 2015 to 2030. In the period 1985–2015, the statistical result shows an increase of agricultural land (AL) by 32.3 km2 (19.2%) and settlement (ST) by 51.6 km2 (345.2%). Most of the increases were gained from shrub-bush land (SBL) which showed a decline of 61.8 km2 (49.4%). However, in the simulation model of 2030, an increase of SBL (47.08 km2) and grass land by 12.38 km2 was predicted. The consideration of socioeconomic and biophysical factors in the simulation model results different trend compare to the historical LULC change that support to landuse managers and planners.
Thermochronological Methods: From Palaeotemperature Constraints to Landscape Evolution Models

Thermochronology - the use of temperature-sensitive radiometric dating methods to reconstruct the thermal histories of rocks - has proved to be an important means of constraining a wide variety of geological processes. Fission track and (U–Th)/He analyses of apatites, zircons and titanites are the best-established and most sensitive methods for reconstructing such histories in the uppermost kilometres of the crust, over time scales of millions to hundreds of millions of years. The papers published in this volume are divided into two sections. The first section on ‘New approaches in thermochronology’, presents the most recent advances of existing thermochronological methods and demonstrates the progress in the development of alternative thermochronometers and modelling techniques. The second section, ‘Applied thermochronology’, comprises original papers about denudation, long-term landscape evolution and detrital sources from the European Alps, northwestern Spain, the Ardennes, the Bohemian Massif, Fennoscandia and Corsica. It also includes case studies from the Siberian Altai, Mozambique, South Africa and Dronning Maud Land (East Antarctica) and reports an ancient thermal anomaly within a regional fault in Japan.
Sociala beteenden hos grisar

Dagens grisproduktionssystem forhindrar grisarna fran att utfora vissa sociala bete-enden som vore naturligt i en feral miljo. Detta kan leda till att det bildas vissa nega-tiva sociala beteenden som forsamrar deras valfard och produktivitet. Malet med detta arbete ar att granska hur den fysiska och sociala miljon samt genetiska faktorer paverkar grisars sociala beteenden. Detta arbete tar ocksa upp vilka negativa konse-kvenser som kan uppsta nar grisarna har begransade mojligheter att utfora sociala beteenden, samt ge forslag pa atgarder av de negativa konsekvenser som uppstar. I arbetet har jag kommit fram till att det uppstar agonistiska och manipulativa sociala beteenden som effekter av den fysiska och sociala miljon. Genom att andra pa pro-duktionssystemet gar det att motverka dessa negativa sociala beteenden, som bland annat orsakar stress och kroppsskador hos grisarna. Detta kan man gora genom att ge grisarna okad mojlighet att utfora viktiga sociala beteenden. Till exempel genom att avvanja grisarna i senare alder eller oka storleken och formen pa boxen. Kottansatt-ning och tillvaxt ar tva viktiga egenskaper i modern grisavel. Ett for hogt fokus pa dessa egenskaper kan leda till vissa negativa sociala beteenden, sa som svansbitnings-beteende. Man kan motverka de negativa sociala beteendena genom att inte selektera grisarna for en okad tillvaxt och kottansattning i samma utstrackning.
Needle Aspiration in Tuberculosis-Associated Secondary Spontaneous Pneumothorax

Introduction: The management of tuberculosis-associated secondary spontaneous pneumothorax mostly requires chest tube insertion for complete drainage and resolution. We reported a case of tuberculosis-associated secondary spontaneous pneumothorax that improved with needle aspiration. Case: A 29-year-old female with pulmonary tuberculosis presented with sudden onset shortness of breath. Chest examination revealed asymmetry, decreased vocal fremitus, hypersonor, and decreased vesicular sound in the right lung field. Chest radiograph showed right pneumothorax with a 2 cm intrapleural distance. Needle aspiration was performed because the patient refused chest tube insertion. The first needle aspiration evacuated approximately 615 cc of air. The second needle aspiration was repeated 24 hours later due to clinical deterioration, and 610 cc of air was evacuated. Chest radiograph evaluation on the 6th day of treatment showed no pneumothorax. During hospitalization, the patient received oxygen therapy, anti-tuberculosis drugs, chest physiotherapy, and other symptomatic therapies such as mucolytics. The patient's condition improved, and she was discharged on the 9th day of hospitalization. Tuberculosis-associated secondary pneumothorax occurs in 1-3% of cases. Conclusion: Needle aspiration is a therapeutic modality for tuberculosis-associated secondary spontaneous pneumothorax. This modality has several advantages, including shorter length of stay, less cost and pain, and fewer complications. Needle aspiration combined with oxygen therapy, anti-tuberculosis drugs, and chest physiotherapy should be the modality of treatment for tuberculosis-associated secondary pneumothorax.
Rotational Raman Lidar measurements for the characterization of a dry stratospheric intrusion event

A UV Raman lidar system (BASIL) is operational at DIFA-Univ. of Basilicata (Potenza-Italy). The system was recently involved in LAUNCH 2005 - the International Lindenberg campaign for assessment of humidity and cloud profiling systems and its impact on high-resolution modelling - held from 12 September to 31 October 2005. During this period BASIL collected approx. 250 hours of measurements distributed over 13 Intensive Observation Periods (IOPs) and 25 days. One specific IOP was continuously run between 1-3 October 2005, covering a dry stratospheric intrusion episode associated with a tropopause folding event and the subsequent onset of perturbed weather conditions that leaded to the development of clouds and precipitations. The use of water vapour to trace stratospheric air intrusion allows to clearly identify a dry structure (approx. 1 km thick) originated in the stratosphere and descending in the free troposphere down to ~ 3 km. A similar feature is present in the temperature field, with lower temperature values observed within the dry air tongue. Relative humidity measurements reveal values as small as 0.5-1 % within the intruded air. The stratospheric origin of the observed dry layer has been verified by the application of a Lagrangian trajectory model. The subsidence of the intruding heavy dry air is most probably responsible for the gravity wave activity observed beneath the dry layer. Lidar measurements have been compared with forecasts from a MM5 mesoscale model. Comparisons in term of water vapour reveal the capability of the model to forecast the deep penetration in the troposphere of the dry intruded layer.
Deciphering the Interrelationship of arnT Involved in Lipid-A Alteration with the Virulence of Salmonella Typhimurium

The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) that resides on the outermost surface and protects Gram-negative bacteria from host defenses is one of the key components leading to Salmonella infection, particularly the endotoxic lipid A domain of LPS. Lipid A modifications have been associated with several genes such as the arnT that encodes 4-amino-4-deoxy-L-arabinose transferase, which can be critical for bacteria to resist cationic antimicrobial peptides and interfere with host immune recognition. However, the association of arnT with virulence is not completely understood. Thus, this study aimed to elucidate the interrelationship of the major lipid A modification gene arnT with Salmonella Typhimurium virulence. We observed that the arnT-deficient S. Typhimurium (JOL2943), compared to the wild type (JOL401), displayed a significant decrease in several virulence phenotypes such as polymyxin B resistance, intracellular survival, swarming, and biofilm and extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) production. Interestingly, the cell-surface hydrophobicity, adhesion, and invasion characteristics remained unaffected. Additionally, LPS isolated from the mutant induced notably lower levels of endotoxicity-related cytokines in RAW and Hela cells and mice, particularly IL-1β with a nine-fold decrease, than WT. In terms of in vivo colonization, JOL2943 showed diminished presence in internal organs such as the spleen and liver by more than 60%, while ileal infectivity remained similar to JOL401. Overall, the arnT deletion rendered the strain less virulent, with low endotoxicity, maintained gut infectivity, and reduced colonization in internal organs. With these ideal characteristics, it can be further explored as a potential attenuated Salmonella strain for therapeutics or vaccine delivery systems.