Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Experimental Design and Power Calculation in Omics Circadian Rhythmicity Detection

Circadian clocks are 24-hour endogenous oscillators in physiological and behavioral processes. Though recent transcriptomic studies have been successful in revealing the circadian rhythmicity in gene expression, the power calculation for omics circadian analysis have not been fully explored. In this paper, we develop a statistical method, namely CircaPower, to perform power calculation for circadian pattern detection. Our theoretical framework is determined by three key factors in circadian gene detection: sample size, intrinsic effect size and sampling design. Via simulations, we systematically investigate the impact of these key factors on circadian power calculation. We not only demonstrate that CircaPower is fast and accurate, but also show its underlying cosinor model is robust against variety of violations of model assumptions. In real applications, we demonstrate the performance of CircaPower using mouse pan-tissue data and human post-mortem brain data, and illustrate how to perform circadian power calculation using mouse skeleton muscle RNA-Seq pilot as case study. Our method CircaPower has been implemented in an R package, which is made publicly available on GitHub (https://github.com/circaPower/circaPower).
Research on the trade-off relationship within quality costs: A case study

In today's global competition, the significant cost saving potential on the quality costs is attracting more and more firms. The quality costs can be classified into control costs (prevention and appraisal costs) and failure costs (internal and external failure costs). As a universally accepted principle, the increase of the control costs will result in the decrease of the failure costs and vice versa. This relationship is called the trade-off relationship within quality costs. Thereof, the proportions of quality costs are vital for balancing the quality cost and there is a balanced point (a set of proportions) that can make a firm obtain the lowest level of the sum of quality costs. Based on a real case study, this paper concentrates on the statistic analysis of the trade-off relationship between quality costs and the quantitative calculation of the balanced point. The statistic analysis reveals that the trade-off relationships within quality costs will not show up except when time delays are taken into account. With these time delays, the related total quality cost (RTQC) can be derived and utilised to compute the balanced point of the quality costs. The case study demonstrates that the findings and approach can provide a useful assistance in the quality cost saving and management improvement.
The Cooperative Cleaners Case Study: Modelling and Analysis in Real-Time ABS

Swarm robotics has been proposed as a way to organise decentralised systems in which a large number of similar robots, that are autonomous and relatively simple in their behaviour, are coordinated in a way that leads to an emergent useful behaviour. The Cooperative Cleaners case study is an example of swarm robotics. In this case study, a group of robots cooperate in order to reach the common goal of cleaning a dirty floor. A cleaning robot has a bounded amount of memory; it can only observe the state of the floor in its immediate surroundings and decide on its movement based on these observations. The cleaning robots use indirect communication based on sensing and signalling, and the desired goal of cleaning the whole floor is thus an emergent behaviour of the swarm. In this thesis we show how the Cooperative Cleaners case study can be modelled and analysed using the Real-Time ABS language. Real-Time ABS is a timed, abstract and behavioural specification language with a formal semantics and a Java-like syntax that targets concurrent, distributed and objectoriented systems. We use the features of Real-Time ABS in the development of our model of the Cooperative Cleaners problem in order to evaluate how well Real-Time ABS can be used to model and analyse the behaviour of systems from the swarm robotics domain. Our work shows that Real-Time ABS can facilitate the modelling of these kinds of systems, but due to the challenges introduced when formally modelling systems in this domain, it requires fairly advanced modelling skills to obtain an adequate model. However the analysis of these kinds of systems is currently restricted to simulations applied to small scenarios.
Effectiveness of a Modified 2-Rescuer Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Technique Using a Bag-Mask for Less Experienced Health Care Providers: A Randomised Controlled Simulation Study

Objective To determine if a modified 2-rescuer cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) method, in which the first rescuer performs chest compressions and squeezes the bag-mask during pauses in compression, and the second resuscitator uses 2 hands to provide an open airway, is useful for less experienced health-care providers (HCPs). Methods In this randomised control simulation study using a manikin, 82 less experienced HCPs were enrolled. After training on the conventional 2-rescuer CPR method (CM) (n=42) and the modified 2-rescuer CPR method (MM) (n=42), each participant performed 2-rescuer CPR for 5 cycles using their respective methods. All data were recorded in a personal computer and then analysed. Results The MM group generated a higher mean tidal volume (TV) (675.2 mL versus 320.0 mL for the CM) and higher median numbers of ventilation with the correct TV over 5 cycles (7 versus 3 breaths for the CM) (all p<0.001). However, there was no significant difference in the quality of chest compression and related interruption between the CM and MM groups. However, relatively higher median number of ventilations with large TV (2 versus 0 breaths for the CM) and higher median number of ventilations (3 versus 0 breaths for the CM) over 5 cycles were delivered in the MM group (all p<0.001). Conclusions Modified 2-rescuer CPR method (the first rescuer performs chest compressions and squeezes the bag-mask during pauses in compression, and the second resuscitator uses 2 hands to provide an open airway) can be useful as an alternative CPR method and is preferable to the conventional 2-rescuer CPR method for less experienced health-care providers. (Hong Kong j.emerg.med. 2015;22:23-30)
Distributed Generation Optimal Placement and Sizing to Enhance Power Distribution Network Performance Using MTLBO

Integrating distributed generation (DG) into an electric radial distribution system has an overall positive impact on the system. The power injections from renewable DG units located close to the load centers provide an opportunity for system power loss reduction, cost reduction, voltage profile improvement, voltage stability improvement, environmental friendliness, postponement system upgrading and increasing reliability. This impact can be enhanced via optimal DG placement and sizing. The optimal DG placement and sizing problem is formulated as a mixed integer nonlinear optimization problem subject to highly nonlinear equality and inequality constraints. Evolutionary methods are used to solve this problem because of their independence from type of the objective function and constraints. In this paper, a Modified Teaching Learning Based Optimization Algorithm (MTLBO) for placement and sizing of multi-DGs in a radial distribution system is proposed. The objective function is considered to minimize the network active power losses, to improve the voltage profile and to improve the voltage stability index within the frame work of system operation and security constraints. A detailed performance analysis is carried out on 33 and 69 bus radial distribution system to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology. Besides this, it has also been carried out a comparison using several results available in other published articles.
Analysis of SPM and FWM in Optical Fiber Communication System using Optisystem

Focus on development of broadband optical communication systems is incredible since it offers combination of wide bandwidth and low losses unmatched by any other transmission medium. There are some limiting factors related to data rate and capacity in optical fiber communication system. These limiting factors can be linear or non-linear. We can compensate the linear effect such as dispersion and attenuation by using dispersion compensation methods. But the non-linear effect still accumulate with the increase in optical power levels. When all the input signal frequencies interact due to fiber nonlinearities, the output bit stream may behave in a complicated way giving adverse effects on system performance. In wavelength-divisionmultiplexing (WDM) systems, inter-channel interference due to fiber nonlinearities may limit the system performance significantly. Therefore, it is crucial to understand fiber nonlinearities and their effects on fiber-optic communication systems. The main motivation of this work was to study theoretical and simulation studies of broad band optical communication systems due to fiber nonlinearities. Here, we investigate power effects on simulation of optical communication systems with Self Phase Modulation (SPM) and Four Wave Mixing(FWM), by using the parametric run feature in Optisystem. The eye diagram highlights the conversion due to the SPM and FWM. Specifically the eye opening decreases with increasing transmitted power. Keywords—SPM,FWM,Optisystem
Disain Konverter Charge Pump Rasio Tinggi Untuk Aplikasi Mobil Listrik

Abstrak— Mobil listrik dengan penggerak motor induksi membutuhkan tegangan DC yang tinggi pada sisi masukan dari inverter. Sementara itu, baterai di pasaran saat ini memiliki keterbatasan pada tegangan keluaran. Oleh karena itu, DC-DC konverter diperlukan untuk mengubah tegangan DC dalam rasio konversi yang tinggi. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan perancangan dan implementasi konverter boost dengan metode charge pump. Konverter ini dirancang untuk daya 5 kilo-watt dengan tegangan masukkan 96 volt dan tegangan keluaran 550 volt. Hasil implementasi konverter boost dengan metode charge pump pada tegangan masukan 24 volt mampu menaikkan dua kali lipat tegangan dari konverter boost konvensional dengan error di bawah 4,6% untuk duty cycle kurang dari 50%. konverter ini memiliki efisiensi 76% pada duty cycle 30% - 65%. Kata Kunci— konverter boost, charge pump, rasio konversi tinggi.
IMPORTANCE OF CAPACITY BUILDING FOR THE DIGITAL CONTENT INDUSTRY IN MALAYSIA

This paper is a general discussion addressing the following areas: capacity building, digital content industry, content industry capacity building and possible components of capacity building initiatives. The content industry sector makes a signifi cant and strategic contribution to the economy and society. Adequate local contents refl ecting the culture and values of the nation and relevant global contexts must be made available and accessible for various application requirements.
Evaluation of Potential Processes for Use in Warm Mix Asphalt (With Discussion)

Several new processes have been developed to reduce the mixing and compaction temperatures of hot mix asphalt without sacrificing the quality of the resulting pavement. Three potential warm mix asphalt processes were evaluated in this study. They were Aspha-min®, Sasobit®, and Evotherm®. A laboratory study was conducted to determine the applicability of these processes to typical paving operations and environmental conditions commonly found in the United States, including the performance of the mixes in quick traffic turn-over situations and high temperature conditions. All three processes were shown to improve the compactability of mixtures in both the SGC and vibratory compactor. Statistics indicated an overall reduction in air voids. Improved compaction was noted at temperatures as low as 190°F (88°C). Superpave gyratory compactor results indicated that Aspha-min®, Sasobit®, and Evotherm® may lower the optimum asphalt content. The addition of Aspha-min®, Sasobit®, or Evotherm® did not affect the resilient modulus of an asphalt mix nor did they increase the rutting potential of an asphalt mix as measured by the Asphalt Pavement Analyzer. The rutting potential did increase with decreasing mixing and compaction temperatures, which may be related to the decreased aging of the binder resulting from the lower temperatures. There was no evidence of differing strength gain with time for the mixes containing the three processes as compared to the control mixes indicating that a prolonged cure time before opening to traffic is not an issue. The lower compaction temperature used when producing warm asphalt may increase the potential for moisture damage. Overall, Aspha-min®, Sasobit®, and Evotherm® appear to be viable tools for reducing mixing and compaction temperatures that can be readily added to hot mix asphalt. Reductions in mixing and compaction temperatures are expected to reduce fuel costs, reduce emissions, widen the winter paving window and facilitate niche applications such as airport runway construction where rapid open to traffic is essential.
Action Research in Early Childhood Centres: Balancing Research and Professional Development Goals

The role that research plays in the professional development of teachers and leaders is an on-going subject of debate. But there is considerable agreement that when teachers take an 'inquiry stance' there is greater use of evidence in efforts to improve teaching and learning. Research partnerships between practitioners and academic researchers could create a valuable confluence of the goals of the research and professional development goals of action research. At the same time it is important to raise awareness of the possibility that the goals of research and the goals of professional development might be in conflict when these activities are uncritically assumed to be synonymous. In the course of one project employing action research the tension between research aims and professional development aims surfaced and led this researcher to reflect on a number of issues. Although practitioner partners in research projects may be committed to engaging in further cycles of action research, this seldom eventuates because such research is hard to sustain without external facilitation. Furthermore, there is a need to be critical about claims purporting action research activity when in fact action learning is occurring. At best practitioners in formal action research projects may achieve the status of temporary researchers. We need to challenge the view that they will have the resources to conduct and publish rigorous action research beyond such projects.
Walking As a Local Transport Modal Choice in Adelaide

A glance at transport statistics for Australia indicates that 'walking' as a transport option is a relatively insignificant form of urban travel. For medium to long, intra-urban trips, this is probably indeed the case, and for proponents of walking advocating it to be the dominant transport modal choice, this will probably continue to remain so as long as the morphology of Australian cities is predominantly shaped by the needs of motorised transport. This paper provides an overview of the extent of walking as a transport option, at least in the journey to work. The characteristics of walking as a transport mode are discussed, which is important in setting the context of the walking permeability indices that are developed in the subsequent section. The walking permeability indices are the principle form of analysis used in assessing how well the City of Adelaide and the inner city residential development of Garden East and the new middle distant northern Adelaide suburb of Mawson Lakes are in catering to walking as a local transport modal choice. The final section examines strategies for facilitating walking in Adelaide.
Pedestrian Safety and the Built Environment

Urban and regional planning has a contribution to make toward improving pedestrian safety, particularly in view of the fact that about 273,000 pedestrians were killed in road traffic crashes in 2010. The road is a built environments that should enhance safety and security for pedestrians, but this ideal is not always the case. This article presents an overview of the evidence on the risks that pedestrians face in the built environment. This article shows that design of the roadway and development of different land uses can either increase or reduce pedestrian road traffic injury. Planners need to design or modify the built environment to minimize risk for pedestrians.
A course in farming systems research: the Cornell experience

The paper reports the experience of students and faculty at Cornell University on a new course/seminar, "Farming Systems Research in Developing Countries", first offered in the 1980 autumn semester. The programme for a preliminary workshop is described (emphasizing the search for a definition of farming systems research and the methodological benefits and constraints of this research mode). Course descriptions and evaluations for the 1980 and 1981 courses are provided, and a substantial bibliography (pp. 73-92) of reference materials for a course in farming systems research concludes the paper
Testing Emergent Technologies in the Arctic

There are great expectations around the future of autonomous vehicles (AVs). Such visions often picture vehicles that work everywhere without human interference. In this article we use empirical data from a pilot project taking place in the Norwegian Arctic to explore the place-specificity of such technologies. The case study is used to demonstrate how new configurations of emergent technologies are shaped by the places where the trial unfolds; and how insights produced through working on and with this site contribute to changing visions of AV technologies into questioning issues of transferability and scalability. In this way, the paper contributes to discussions of how pilot projects and testing of emergent technologies in the real world relates to the re-configuring of visions and expectations. The paper highlights how emerging technologies might transform societies, infrastructures, and vehicles towards more computerized configurations in ways that are not anticipated, discussed in public and therefore seldom governed.
Chronological Age Prediction: Developmental Evaluation of DNA Methylation-Based Machine Learning Models

Epigenetic clock, a highly accurate age estimator based on DNA methylation (DNAm) level, is the basis for predicting mortality/morbidity and elucidating the molecular mechanism of aging, which is of great significance in forensics, justice, and social life. Herein, we integrated machine learning (ML) algorithms to construct blood epigenetic clock in Southern Han Chinese (CHS) for chronological age prediction. The correlation coefficient (r) meta-analyses of 7,084 individuals were firstly implemented to select five genes (ELOVL2, C1orf132, TRIM59, FHL2, and KLF14) from a candidate set of nine age-associated DNAm biomarkers. The DNAm-based profiles of the CHS cohort (240 blood samples differing in age from 1 to 81 years) were generated by the bisulfite targeted amplicon pyrosequencing (BTA-pseq) from 34 cytosine-phosphate-guanine sites (CpGs) of five selected genes, revealing that the methylation levels at different CpGs exhibit population specificity. Furthermore, we established and evaluated four chronological age prediction models using distinct ML algorithms: stepwise regression (SR), support vector regression (SVR-eps and SVR-nu), and random forest regression (RFR). The median absolute deviation (MAD) values increased with chronological age, especially in the 61–81 age category. No apparent gender effect was found in different ML models of the CHS cohort (all p > 0.05). The MAD values were 2.97, 2.22, 2.19, and 1.29 years for SR, SVR-eps, SVR-nu, and RFR in the CHS cohort, respectively. Eventually, compared to the MAD range of the meta cohort (2.53–5.07 years), a promising RFR model (ntree = 500 and mtry = 8) was optimized with an MAD of 1.15 years in the 1–60 age categories of the CHS cohort, which could be regarded as a robust epigenetic clock in blood for age-related issues.
Paddy land conversion as a threat to floristic biodiversity – a study on Karrimpuzha watershed, Kerala state, south India

The areas of paddy fields had been declining the state of Kerala at alarming rates since the mid eighties due to sprawls in urbanization, industrialization and globalization. A micro level study has been conducted to understand the changes in cropping pattern and impacts of paddy fields declination upon the floristic diversity of Karrimpuzha watershed, which is situated on the north western parts of Palakkad District of Kerala State. Within short time span the study revealed that there would be a considerable variation in the cropping pattern of paddy fields and are transformed into different land use system. During the year 1970–71 paddy growing areas in Karrimpuzha watershed amounted to 53.16 percent of its total cropped area. By the year 2010–13 it declined to 18.38 percent in 1990–91 and further decreased to 12.10 percent by the year 2010–13. Continuation of unabated massive conversion resulted the total abandonment of rice cultivation in near future. One of the major current challenging issue of biodiversity loss has been lead by the increasing rate of paddy field conversion into non agriculture uses. The study on the floristic biodiversity in the study area reveals that paddy field accomadate large no plants ranging from algae to angiosperm. By this study we could collect and identify 257 number of angiosperm plants. Due to paddy conversions hoping that estimates on the economic value of major economic and ecological functions lost which would help to convince the stakeholders about the need for conservation.
Different Types of Screen Behavior and Depression in Children and Adolescents

The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between different types of screen behavior and depression, taking into account exercise and sleep among children and adolescents. A total of 23,573 Japanese children and adolescents (aged 8–15 years) participated in this cross-sectional study. Different types of screen behavior, weekly exercise time, sleep duration, and prevalence of depression were assessed using a questionnaire. Independent associations between various types of screen behavior and prevalence of depression were examined using logistic regression analyses after adjusting for age, school, sleep duration, exercise time, and other screen behavior types. A two-way analysis of covariance was conducted to examine whether exercise and sleep can attenuate the negative effects of screen behavior. The associations between screen behavior and depression varied by screen behavior types and participant characteristics. More time spent engaging in newer types of screen behavior, including social media, online games, and online videos, was associated with a higher prevalence of depression. In contrast, more time spent on TV was associated with a lower prevalence of depression. Sufficient exercise can lower the prevalence of depression, regardless of the length of time and content of the screen, and its associations were particularly significant for junior high school girls. Sleep was not associated with the prevalence of depression among any participant group except elementary school boys. Our findings suggest that age- and sex-specific intervention strategies that also consider screen-based behavior can effectively lower the risk of depression in children and adolescents.