Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Automated Crisis Online Dispatcher

An experimental automated dialogue system that plays the role of a crisis hotline dispatcher is curren tly developed. Besides controlling the communication flow, this sy stem is able to retrieve information about crisis s ituations from user’s input. It offers a natural user interaction by the ability to perceive and respond to human emo tions. The system has an emotion recognizer that is able to re cognize the emotional loading from user’s linguisti c content. The recognizer uses a database that contains selected k eywords on a 2D “arousal” and “valence” scale. The output of the system provides not only the information about the user’s emotional state but also an indication of th e urgency of his/her information regarding to crisis. The dialog ue system is able to start a user friendly dialogue , taking care of the content, context and emotional loading of user’ s utterances.
AUTOMATIC ANTI-GLARE SYSTEM FOR NIGHT TIME DRIVING USING LIQUID CRYSTAL SCREENS

This paper proposes a prototype model for an automatic anti-glare system to reduce the risk of accidents during night time driving. The architecture consists of an aperture assembly and sensors. The aperture assembly is a two dimensional array of aperture elements, and their transmittances can be independently controllable. According to the transmittance, each aperture element will act either as opaque or transparent. The intensity of light ray is modulated by the transmittance of aperture elements, which causes the reduction of intensity of light passing through it. The prototype is implemented using liquid crystal display (LCD) and photovoltaic sensors. This system provides an automated mechanism to control the illumination according to the direction of incoming light. The fundamental idea is to measure the incoming light and using measured values to generate patterns on the LCD to reduce the illumination. The proposed prototype can be implemented in two ways: i) as spectacles with liquid crystal sheets placed in front of the glasses, which can be used while driving, ii) by placing large liquid crystal sheets in front of the windshields of vehicles. This method provides a flexible low cost implementation to build simple, reliable device to reduce the intensity of the light on-the-fly.
The Expression of HPV E6/E7 mRNA In Situ Hybridization in HPV Typing-negative Cervical Cancer

High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) persistent infection is the major tumorigenesis factor for cervical cancer (CC). However, the incidence of HPV-negative CC is 5% to 30% with different HPV detection methods. High-risk HPV E6/E7 mRNA in situ hybridization (RISH) can detect HPV-driven tumors. Our study aimed to explore whether HPV typing-negative CC was caused by HPV infection. The tissues of CC patients with HPV typing results, collected from cervical biopsies, conization, or hysterectomies, were submitted to RISH using RNAscope chromogenicin. Immunohistochemistry was performed to evaluate the expression of p16INK4a and Ki-67. A total of 308 women with HPV typing results were enrolled, and 30 (9.74%) cases of HPV typing were negative. In HPV typing-negative CCs, 28/30 (93.3%) were positive for RISH, which contained 22/22 (100%) squamous cell carcinomas and 6/8 (75%) adenocarcinomas. RISH was positive in 278/278 (100%) HPV typing-positive CCs, which included 232/232 (100%) squamous cell carcinomas and 46/46 (100%) adenocarcinomas. Positive RISH in HPV typing-negative CC was significantly lower than in the HPV typing-positive group (P=0.002, 95% confidence interval: 0.848–1.027). However, this significant difference only existed in adenocarcinoma. No significant differences were seen in the expression of p16INK4a and Ki-67 (all P>0.05). HPV typing may cause misdiagnosis in 9.74% of CC patients, and HPV E6/E7 mRNA can detect HPV in CC with HPV typing-negative patients. This approach could provide a novel option to accurately detect high-risk HPVs in cervical tumors and help to eliminate the percentage of misdiagnosed HPV-related cases.
Optogenetic Inhibition of Nav1.8 Expressing Corneal Afferents Reduces Persistent Dry Eye Pain

Purpose The aim of the present study was to investigate the contribution of Nav1.8 expressing corneal afferent neurons to the presence of ongoing pain in lacrimal gland excision (LGE)-induced dry eye. Methods The proton pump archaerhodopsin-3/eGFP (ArchT/eGFP) was conditionally expressed in corneal afferents using Nav1.8-cre mice. Dry eye was produced by unilateral LGE. Real time place preference was assessed using a three-chamber apparatus. A neutral, unlit center chamber was flanked by one illuminated with a control light and one illuminated with an ArchT activating light. For real-time preference, animals were placed in the neutral chamber and tracked over five 10-minute sessions, with the lights turned on during the second and fourth sessions. In other studies, movement was tracked over three 10-minute sessions (the lights turned on only during the second session), with animals tested once per day over the course of 4 days. A local anesthetic was used to examine the role of ongoing corneal afferent activity in producing place preference. Results The corneal afferent nerves and trigeminal ganglion cell bodies showed a robust eGFP signal in Nav1.8-cre;ArchT/eGFP mice. After LGE, Nav1.8-cre;ArchT/eGFP mice demonstrated a preference for the ArchT activating light paired chamber. Preference was prevented with pre-application to the cornea of a local anesthetic. Nav1.8-cre;ArchT/eGFP mice with sham surgery and LGE wild-type control mice did not develop preference. Conclusions Results indicate LGE-induced persistent, ongoing pain, driven by Nav1.8 expressing corneal afferents. Inhibition of these neurons represents a potential strategy for treating ongoing dry eye-induced pain.
QUAD-BAND MICROSTRIP ANTENNA FOR MOBILE HANDSETS

In this paper, a new quad-band small size microstri p handset antenna covering global system for mobile communication (GSM900), global poisoning system (GPS1500), digital communication system (DCS1800), and wireless local area network (WLAN2450) bands is presented. The antenna has a single feed and a shorting pin to reduce its size. The des ign is simulated and optimized for two different di electric substrates. Details of the antenna are discussed al ong with simulated results. Simulation results are obtained using the HFSS commercial software which is based on the finite element method and compared to measured results and good results are obtained .
Fatigue Performance of Stringer-to-Floor-Beam Connections in Riveted Railway Bridges

The behavior of double-angle stringer-to-floor-beam connections in riveted railway bridges is examined experimentally. A series of static and fatigue tests were performed on three full-scale bridge parts taken from an old riveted railway bridge. The results of the static tests reveal that the amount of end moment developed in these connections as a result of their rotational stiffness could be considerable. As a result of the cyclic variation in this moment, fatigue damage might develop in these connections. This damage was, however, observed to have a fairly low propagation rate and did not immediately reduce the load-carrying function of the connections.
Small dual-frequency microstrip antenna with cross slot

A new design of single-feed, reduced-size dual-frequency rectangular microstrip antenna with a cross slot of equal length is presented. The frequency ratio of the two operating frequencies is mainly determined by the aspect ratio of the rectangular patch, and the reduction in the two operating frequencies is achieved by cutting a cross slot in the microstrip patch. Details of the experimental results for such a design are presented and discussed.
Sweat Lactic Acid Monitoring System using Adhesive Plaster-based Sweat Sampling Device

A microfluidic lactic acid (LA) monitoring system for sweat LA was fabricated and tested. Sweat is one of the promising candidate for non-invasive monitoring of chemical content in human body. However, there are several difficulty in sweat content monitoring resulted from sweating mechanism. We employed a continuous flow of phosphate buffer saline (PBS) at the surface of the skin as a career flow for transporting whole secretions to a biosensor, which was highly specific to LA. The advantage of using continuous flow as sweat career is the capability of continuous monitoring. Because the surface of the skin is always refreshed by the continuous flow, initial condition of the skin surface is maintained throughout measurement. The sampling device was improved using a medical plaster. This resulted in tight attachment to the skin’s surface and reduction of leakage so that LA monitoring was capable for highly active subjects. In the experiment, the sampling device was connected to the biosensor, which sensitivity to LA was 53.1 nA μM−1. The biosensor was operated using a wireless potentiostat and the continuous career flow was supplied by dual diaphragm pump system. As a real-sample test, the monitoring system was utilized to LA monitoring of jogging subject and swimming subject, respectively. In both cases, changes of LA corresponding to exercises were successfully monitored from the free-moving subject and the swimming subject for the first time.
Vision Based Station Keeping And Docking For Floating Robots

This thesis describes a method of vision based station keeping and docking for floating robots. Due to the motion disturbances in the environment, these tasks are important to keep the vehicle stabilized relative to an external reference frame. A vision-based tracking system is used to measure the image deformations, as the vehicle moves with respect to a docking station. A planar surface is chosen as a reference plane which allows visual tracking of a naturally textured region, based on planar projective transformations. The tracker integrates optic flow computation within the region with a correlation based method using motion models that sample the expected image deformations over time. These models are updated by the robot history of motion so as to accommodate predicted/future camera motions. The information provided by the tracker is then used to calculate inter-image homographies that register the current viewed image with some initial reference image. These transformations reveal the real camera motion in 3D space and allow to reconstruct the camera trajectory. This information can then be used to control the robots. Both 3D visual servoing as image based visual servoing approaches are studied. The resulting control strategies are illustrated with real experiments with a blimp and an underwater robot. Key-words: visual tracking, optic flow, planar projective motion models, visual servoing, underwater robots, blimp, station keeping, docking.
Design and Simulation of a Fuzzy Based SVPWM Fed H- Bridge Drive in Hybrid Vehicles

This paper presents a design and simulation of modulation and Fuzzy control strategies are plays main role to minimize THD in Multilevel inverter. These modulation techniques include Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) and Selective harmonic Elimination and Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SVPWM). Multilevel inverters have tremendous application in the area of high-power and mediumvoltage energy control. This paper presents a model simulation of Fuzzy based SVPWM is performed for cascaded H-bridge inverter in hybrid vehicles. The Simulation of various levels of cascaded H bridge inverter with Space vector PWM has been carried out. The Implementation and simulation of SVPWM inverter are presented to realize the validity of the Fuzzy based SVPWM technique.
A Free-Energy Landscape Analysis of Calmodulin Obtained from an NMR Data-Utilized Multi-Scale Divide-and-Conquer Molecular Dynamics Simulation

Calmodulin (CaM) is a multifunctional calcium-binding protein, which regulates a variety of biochemical processes. CaM acts through its conformational changes and complex formation with its target enzymes. CaM consists of two globular domains (N-lobe and C-lobe) linked by an extended linker region. Upon calcium binding, the N-lobe and C-lobe undergo local conformational changes, followed by a major conformational change of the entire CaM to wrap the target enzyme. However, the regulation mechanisms, such as allosteric interactions, which regulate the large structural changes, are still unclear. In order to investigate the series of structural changes, the free-energy landscape of CaM was obtained by multi-scale divide-and-conquer molecular dynamics (MSDC-MD). The resultant free-energy landscape (FEL) shows that the Ca2+ bound CaM (holo-CaM) would take an experimentally famous elongated structure, which can be formed in the early stage of structural change, by breaking the inter-domain interactions. The FEL also shows that important interactions complete the structural change from the elongated structure to the ring-like structure. In addition, the FEL might give a guiding principle to predict mutational sites in CaM. In this study, it was demonstrated that the movement process of macroscopic variables on the FEL may be diffusive to some extent, and then, the MSDC-MD is suitable to the parallel computation.
SNP- and Haplotype-Based GWAS of Flowering-Related Traits in Brassica napus

Traits related to flowering time are the most promising agronomic traits that directly impact the seed yield and oil quality of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Developing early flowering and maturity rapeseed varieties is an important breeding objective in B. napus. Many studies have reported on days to flowering, but few have reported on budding, bolting, and the interval between bolting and DTF. Therefore, elucidating the genetic architecture of QTLs and genes regulating flowering time, we presented an integrated investigation on SNP and haplotype-based genome-wide association study of 373 diverse B. napus germplasm, which were genotyped by the 60K SNP array and were phenotyped in the four environments. The results showed that a total of 15 and 37 QTLs were detected from SNP and haplotype-based GWAS, respectively. Among them, seven QTL clusters were identified by haplotype-based GWAS. Moreover, three and eight environmentally stable QTLs were detected by SNP-GWAS and haplotype-based GWAS, respectively. By integrating the above two approaches and by co-localizing the four traits, ten (10) genomic regions were under selection on chromosomes A03, A07, A08, A10, C06, C07, and C08. Interestingly, the genomic regions FT.A07. 1, FT.A08, FT.C06, and FT.C07 were identified as novel. In these ten regions, a total of 197 genes controlling FT were detected, of which 14 highly expressed DEGs were orthologous to 13 Arabidopsis thaliana genes after integration with transcriptome results. In a nutshell, the above results uncovered the genetic architecture of important agronomic traits related to flowering time and provided a basis for multiple molecular marker-trait associations in B. napus.
From Progenitors to Progeny: Shaping Striatal Circuit Development and Function

Understanding how neurons of the striatum are formed and integrate into complex synaptic circuits is essential to provide insight into striatal function in health and disease. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of the development of striatal neurons and associated circuits with a focus on their embryonic origin. Specifically, we address the role of distinct types of embryonic progenitors, found in the proliferative zones of the ganglionic eminences in the ventral telencephalon, in the generation of diverse striatal interneurons and projection neurons. Indeed, recent evidence would suggest that embryonic progenitor origin dictates key characteristics of postnatal cells, including their neurochemical content, their location within striatum, and their long-range synaptic inputs. We also integrate recent observations regarding embryonic progenitors in cortical and other regions and discuss how this might inform future research on the ganglionic eminences. Last, we examine how embryonic progenitor dysfunction can alter striatal formation, as exemplified in Huntington's disease and autism spectrum disorder, and how increased understanding of embryonic progenitors can have significant implications for future research directions and the development of improved therapeutic options. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT This review highlights recently defined novel roles for embryonic progenitor cells in shaping the functional properties of both projection neurons and interneurons of the striatum. It outlines the developmental mechanisms that guide neuronal development from progenitors in the embryonic ganglionic eminences to progeny in the striatum. Where questions remain open, we integrate observations from cortex and other regions to present possible avenues for future research. Last, we provide a progenitor-centric perspective onto both Huntington's disease and autism spectrum disorder. We suggest that future investigations and manipulations of embryonic progenitor cells in both research and clinical settings will likely require careful consideration of their great intrinsic diversity and neurogenic potential.
Hierarchical Bayesian Inversion of Global Variables and Large‐Scale Spatial Fields

Bayesian inversion is commonly applied to quantify uncertainty of hydrological variables. However, Bayesian inversion is usually focused on spatial hydrological properties instead of hyperparameters or non‐gridded physical global variables. In this paper, we present a hierarchical Bayesian framework to quantify uncertainty of both global and spatial variables. We estimate first the posterior of global variables and then hierarchically estimate the posterior of the spatial field. We propose a machine learning‐based inversion method to estimate the joint distribution of data and global variables directly without introducing a statistical likelihood. We also propose a new local dimension reduction method: local principal component analysis (local PCA) to update large‐scale spatial fields with local data more efficiently. We illustrate the hierarchical Bayesian formulation with three case studies: one with a linear forward model (volume averaging inversion) and two with non‐linear forward models (pumping tests and hydraulic head measurements), including a 3D case. Results show that quantifying global variables uncertainty is critical for assessing uncertainty on predictions. We show how the local PCA approach accelerates the inversion process. Furthermore, we provide an open‐source Python package (https://github.com/lijingwang/hierarchicalBayes.git) on the hierarchical Bayesian framework including three case studies.
Effect of Straw and Wood Ash on Soil Carbon Sequestration and Bacterial Community in a Calcareous Soil

Soil fertility can be improved by effectively utilizing agricultural waste. Straw can supply energy and wood ash adds nutrients to improve soil quality. However, few kinds of research have investigated the effect of wood ash and straw on soil carbon sequestration and the soil bacterial population, particularly in calcareous soils. The main goal of this current study was to quantify the impact of a combination of wood ash and straw on the indicators described above using stable δ13C isotope analyses by applying wheat straw to calcareous soil under a long-term C4 crop rotation. The incubation experiment included four treatments as follows: (i) no amendment (Control); (ii) amendment with wood ash (W); (iii) amendment with straw (S); and (iv) a combined amendment of straw and wood ash (SW). Our results showed that sequestration of soil inorganic carbon (SIC) in the SW and W treatments was higher (an average of 7.78%) than that in the S and Control treatments. The sequestered soil organic carbon (SOC) in the SW treatment was 1.25-fold greater than that in the S treatment, while there was no evident effect on the SOC content compared with straw alone. The microbial biomass carbon increased under SW by 143.33%, S by 102.23%, and W by 13.89% relative to control. The dissolved organic carbon increased under SW by 112.0%, S by 66.61%, and W by 37.33% relative to the control. The pH and electrical conductivity were higher in the SW and W treatments than in the S treatment and the control. The SW was conducive to maintaining soil enzymatic activities and bacterial diversity. Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteriota were dominant in SW, while the Acidobacteria phyla were dominant in the S treatment. The diversity of bacteria in the soil and community composition of the bacteria were predominantly assessed by the levels of water-soluble K, pH, and electrical conductivity. The incorporation of straw and wood ash is probably more effective at improving SIC and SOC sequestration and ameliorates the soil microhabitat.
The preset grating effect for mutually pumped phase conjugator

Based on the four-wave mixing mechanism and light fanning effect, a mutually pumped phase conjugator(MPPC) model is proposed to analyze the variation of MPPC output response with time for different scattering seed value. It shows that preset grating can enhance the fan light intensity when it satisfies Bragg condition and also can shorten MPPC response time. In experiment the bird-wings MPPC is done with or without the preset grating and the variation of MPPC reflectivity with time is obtained in two cases, and simulation conclusion is in agreement with the experimental result. These results have importance for applications of MPPC on optical heterodyne detection.
Asynchronous Digital Low-Dropout Regulator with Dual Adjustment Mode in Ultra-Low Voltage Input

This paper presents the asynchronous digital low-dropout regulator (AD-LDO) with dual adjustment mode in ultra-low voltage input. The architecture of the proposed AD-LDO consists of the asynchronous control loop and the power PMOS array. The proposed AD-LDO is controlled by switched bidirectional asynchronous control loop which can eliminate the clock power consumption of synchronous LDO. The dual adjustment mode can not only provide wider loading current, but also can reduce output voltage ripple. Moreover, the proposed AD-LDO only uses one bidirectional asynchronous control loop for two adjustment modes, so it can save area and reduce power consumption. Under the 350mV input voltage and 300mV output voltage, the proposed AD-LDO can provide 2.4mA output current with 99.8% current efficiency and only consume 5μA quiescent current. Therefore, the proposed LDO is suitable for applications of wearable electronic devices with an ultra-low supply voltage.
Assessment and control of the impact of FACTS devices on power system performance

The concept of security regions is used to systematically and objectively compare the impact of various FACTS devices on the behaviour of power systems. Scalar measures of the steady-state performance of a power system with FACTS devices are used to quantify this impact. Such measures are obtained by solving an optimal power flow within the constraints of the security region. The concept of the ideal FACTS device is introduced as a means to establish a theoretical upper bound on the performance of any realizable FACTS. Such a device is tested and compared against nonideal FACTS including the variable series reactance and the variable phase-shifter. Simulations on the IEEE 118 and 30 bus networks illustrate the above concepts.