Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Red Spinach Extract Increases Ventilatory Threshold during Graded Exercise Testing

Background: We examined the acute effect of a red spinach extract (RSE) (1000 mg dose; ~90 mg nitrate (NO3−)) on performance markers during graded exercise testing (GXT). Methods: For this randomized, double-blind, placebo (PBO)-controlled, crossover study, 15 recreationally-active participants (aged 23.1 ± 3.3 years; BMI: 27.2 ± 3.7 kg/m2) reported >2 h post-prandial and performed GXT 65–75 min post-RSE or PBO ingestion. Blood samples were collected at baseline (BL), pre-GXT (65–75 min post-ingestion; PRE), and immediately post-GXT (POST). GXT commenced with continuous analysis of expired gases. Results: Plasma concentrations of NO3− increased PRE (+447 ± 294%; p < 0.001) and POST (+378 ± 179%; p < 0.001) GXT with RSE, but not with PBO (+3 ± 26%, −8 ± 24%, respectively; p > 0.05). No effect on circulating nitrite (NO2−) was observed with RSE (+3.3 ± 7.5%, +7.7 ± 11.8% PRE and POST, respectively; p > 0.05) or PBO (−0.5 ± 7.9%, −0.2 ± 8.1% PRE and POST, respectively; p > 0.05). When compared to PBO, there was a moderate effect of RSE on plasma NO2− at PRE (g = 0.50 [−0.26, 1.24] and POST g = 0.71 [−0.05, 1.48]). During GXT, VO2 at the ventilatory threshold was significantly higher with RSE compared to PBO (+6.1 ± 7.3%; p < 0.05), though time-to-exhaustion (−4.0 ± 7.7%; p > 0.05) and maximal aerobic power (i.e., VO2 peak; −0.8 ± 5.6%; p > 0.05) were non-significantly lower with RSE. Conclusions: RSE as a nutritional supplement may elicit an ergogenic response by delaying the ventilatory threshold.
Losing Contact with One'S Unborn Baby—Mothers' Experiences Prior to Receiving News That Their Baby Has Died in Utero

Background: A change in the pattern of movement of her unborn baby could be indicative that the baby might die. Aim: To study mothers' experiences during the time prior to receiving news that their baby has died. Method: Interviews with 26 mothers. Results: Premonition that something had happened to their baby, a sense based on a lack of movements were experienced. Six categories describe the mother's insight that the baby's life was threatened: not feeling in touch with their baby; worry' feeling something is wrong; not understanding the unbelievable; wanting information; and being certain that their baby had died. The overarching theme “There is something wrong” was formulated. Conclusion: The mother could not understand the unbelievable: that the baby had died in utero. Implications: Mother's should be cautioned to trust their insights and seek medical advice if they are concerned over the lack of movement from the unborn baby.
Hypersurfaces with constant $k$-th mean curvature in a Lorentzian space form

In this paper, we study $n(n\ge 3)$-dimensional complete connected and oriented space-like hypersurfaces $M^n$ in an (n+1)-dimensional Lorentzian space form $M^{n+1}_1(c)$ with non-zero constant $k$-th $(k 0$, non-positive when $c\le 0$, where $M^{n-m}(c_2)$ denotes $R^{n-m}$, $S^{n-m}(c_2)$ or $H^{n-m}(c_2)$, according to $c=0$, $c>0$ or $c<0$, where $s$ is the arc length of the integral curve of the principal vector field corresponding to the principal curvature $\mu $.
Measurement of in situ activities of nonphotosynthetic microorganisms in aquatic and terrestrial habitats.

INTRODUCTION . 321 AUTECOLOGy. 322 Techniques Used in Assessment of Autecological Activity . 323 Applications of Techniques Used in Assessment of Autecological Activity . 324 SyNECOLOGy. 329 Problems in Interpreting the Measurement . """"""""". 329 Radioisotopic Methods . 332 Measurement of Cell Division . 341 Comparisons Between Methods. 343
Spontaneous decompression of pancreatic pseudocyst presenting as haematemesis

A 50-year-old Caucasian woman presented with a 3-week history of bilateral parotid enlargement, fevers and night sweats. Her symptoms had worsened despite treatment with oral amoxicillin/ clavulanic acid for presumed bacterial parotitis. She was otherwise well, took no medications, was a non-smoker and drinker and had no relevant family history. Clinical examination revealed bilateral parotid enlargement together with tender cervical, axillary and inguinal lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly. There was no rash, xerostomia or xerophthalmia. Apart from mildly elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) of 245 U/L (135–214), all bloods were normal. Autoimmune and viral serology and Mantoux test were also unremarkable. Computed tomography of the chest, abdomen and pelvis showed moderate splenomegaly and generalized axillary, mediastinal, retroperitoneal and inguinal lymphadenopathy, the largest node being 2.7 cm. Axillary lymph node excisional biopsy was diagnostic of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AILT). The patient is currently undergoing CHOP chemotherapy (Cyclophosphamide, Vincristine, Doxorubicin and Prednisolone). Lymphoma affecting the parotid is uncommon, representing either primary parotid lymphoma or extranodal disease. NonHodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) presents with extranodal disease in 25% of patients, often in the head and neck region. AILT represents only 1–2% of all NHL. Patients with AILT are typically middle aged or elderly and present with generalized lymphadenopathy, marked systemic symptoms and skin rashes. There is no gender predominance. AILT presenting with bilateral parotid enlargement is very rare, particularly in the absence of Sjogren’s syndrome, a known risk factor for lymphoma. We could identify only one other case in the literature, but unlike our patient, there was a history of Sjogren’s syndrome. The other diagnoses considered were autoimmune conditions such as sarcoidosis or infective causes including mumps, HIV and tuberculosis. Differentiating these conditions from lymphoma on clinical grounds is difficult. Appropriate use of autoimmune and viral serology, and usually tissue biopsy, is critical to establishing the diagnosis. The presence of peripheral lymph nodes in our patient avoided the risks associated with parotid biopsy. This unusual case highlights the diagnostic challenge posed by bilateral parotid swelling. A range of local and systemic pathologies, including AILT, must be considered when faced with this clinical scenario.
Alzheimer’s-Related Amyloid Beta Peptide Aggregates in the Ageing Retina: Implications for Sight Loss and Dementia

Although visual problems are reported by patients with Alzheimer’s disease and dementia, studies into this particular aspect of neuropathology are scarce. The growing awareness of complex pathological processes in the ageing retina and brain however, enables us to consider this from a new perspective. Here we discuss the latest findings on the wide-ranging visual defects experienced by those suffering from Alzheimer’s disease and dementia. We propose that events leading to chronic degeneration of the retina and the brain in fact share many striking similarities. In particular, we discuss the role of the Alzheimer’s-related Amyloid beta (A? ) group of peptides; that has been shown to accumulate in senescent retinas, correlated with increased risk of retinal degeneration. The high photo-oxidative retinal environment creates ideal conditions for A? aggregation, evidenced by high A? -loads reported in aged and donor eyes from patients with Age-related Macular degeneration. Consequently, longitudinal and non-invasive retinal assessments may provide invaluable information on incipient pathology and disease progression in the retina as well as the senescent brain. Such insights may not only lead to identifying new pathogenic mechanisms in the retina with implications for understanding Alzheimer’s disease, but reveal the underlying causes of visual abnormalities reported in patients with dementia.
An eight-long non-coding RNA signature as a candidate prognostic biomarker for bladder cancer

Backgroud: Bladder cancer (BLCA) is one of the most fatal types of cancer worldwide. However, there are limited methods for us to provide a prognostic prediction of BLCA patients. Therefore, we aimed at developing a lncRNA signature to improve the prognosis prediction of BLCA. Results: An eight-lncRNA signature was significantly associated with recurrence free survival in BLCA patients from both discovery and validation groups. Furthermore, genes involved in the signature were enriched in extracellular matrix organization pathway. Finally, functional experiments demonstrated that six out of the eight lncRNAs significantly regulated the invasion of BLCA cells. Method: A total of 343 BLCA patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were employed and randomly divided into training (n=172) and validating (n=171) groups. The lncRNA expression profiles of BLCA patients were screened and a risk-score formula were created and validated according to the Cox regression analysis. Next, WGCNA method was employed to cluster genes that highly correlated with the risk scores based on the profiling data of TCGA dataset and transwell assay was also performed to further investigate the role of these lncRNAs. Conclusions: Our results suggested that the eight-lncRNA signature was a candidate prognostic biomarker for predicting tumor recurrence of patients with BLCA.
Intraperitoneal cancer therapy : principles and practice

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Intensive care nurses on social media: An exploration of knowledge exchange on an intensive care virtual community of practice

Abstract Aims and objectives To explore the nature of knowledge exchange on a multi‐disciplinary Australasian intensive care virtual community of practice, “ICUConnect. ” Background Current organisational structures and cultures constrain the social networks of healthcare professionals, limiting access to contemporary best practice knowledge. While virtual communities can facilitate knowledge and clinical expertise exchange in professional networks, their effectiveness has not been established. Design A sequential mixed‐methods design with a quantitative core and qualitative supplementary component was used to explore the content of discussions from an intensive care virtual community. SRQR has been used to report this study. Methods Email archives of an intensive care listserv (2003–2013) were mined using a two‐stage sampling technique to identify discussion threads (with >2 posts) concerning ventilator or airway practices (cluster) and two sets of 20 threads (stratified across years). Summative content analysis was used to examine both manifest and latent content. Results Forty threads containing 326 emails posted by 133 individuals from 80 organisations were analysed. Nurses contributed 68% (55% were in clinical leadership roles) and physicians 27%. Three subject areas were identified: clinical practices (71%); equipment (23%); and clinical governance (6%). “Knowledge‐requested” and “knowledge‐supplied” posts were categorised as follows: experiential and explicit (33% and 16%, respectively); experiential (27% and 35%); or explicit (40% and 17%). Knowledge supplied was also categorised as “know‐how” (20%); “know‐why” (5%) or “no knowledge” exchanged (6%). The central construct of virtual community work was identified with six elements that facilitated participation and knowledge exchange including: (a) the discussion thread; (b) sharing of artefacts; (c) community; (d) cordiality; (e) maven work; and (f) promotion of the VC. Members asked questions to benchmark their practice, while those who answered were focused on ensuring that best practices were delivered. Conclusions ICUConnect reflected characteristics of a virtual community of practice, enabling key benefits for members and the broader Australasian intensive care community, especially access to best practice knowledge from clinical experts. Relevance to clinical practice This study demonstrated that a practice‐based VC can function effectively as a VCoP to establish an effective professional network where members have access to up‐to‐date best practice knowledge. Healthcare organisations could leverage VCs to support the professional development of HCPs and ensure that local clinical practices are based on contemporaneous knowledge. Participation by nurses in these communities facilitates individual professional development and access to important clinical knowledge and expertise, and ultimately reinforcing the unique position of nursing in delivering effective, consistent high‐quality patient care.
Salivary gland macrophages and tissue-resident CD8+ T cells cooperate for homeostatic organ surveillance

Salivary gland memory CD8+ T cells use distinct motility modes and cooperate with tissue macrophages for organ surveillance. Salivary Gland Surveillance Pathogen sensing in tissues is critical to generating rapid immune responses. Within these tissues, macrophages and resident memory CD8+ T cells (TRM) work together to detect pathogens, and Stolp et al. use intravital imaging of submandibular salivary glands (SMG) to show that TRM follow tissue macrophage topology in a dynamic manner. Macrophage depletion is associated with reduced TRM motility and a diminished clustering in response to inflammatory chemokines. However, although SMG TRM respond to chemoattractants, autonomous motility is also observed and is mediated by friction and insertion of cellular protrusions into microenvironmental gaps. These findings demonstrate that SMG TRM can use different motility modes in proximity to tissue macrophages to patrol the tissue microenvironment. It is well established that tissue macrophages and tissue-resident memory CD8+ T cells (TRM) play important roles for pathogen sensing and rapid protection of barrier tissues. In contrast, the mechanisms by which these two cell types cooperate for homeostatic organ surveillance after clearance of infections is poorly understood. Here, we used intravital imaging to show that TRM dynamically followed tissue macrophage topology in noninflamed murine submandibular salivary glands (SMGs). Depletion of tissue macrophages interfered with SMG TRM motility and caused a reduction of interepithelial T cell crossing. In the absence of macrophages, SMG TRM failed to cluster in response to local inflammatory chemokines. A detailed analysis of the SMG microarchitecture uncovered discontinuous attachment of tissue macrophages to neighboring epithelial cells, with occasional macrophage protrusions bridging adjacent acini and ducts. When dissecting the molecular mechanisms that drive homeostatic SMG TRM motility, we found that these cells exhibit a wide range of migration modes: In addition to chemokine- and adhesion receptor–driven motility, resting SMG TRM displayed a remarkable capacity for autonomous motility in the absence of chemoattractants and adhesive ligands. Autonomous SMG TRM motility was mediated by friction and insertion of protrusions into gaps offered by the surrounding microenvironment. In sum, SMG TRM display a unique continuum of migration modes, which are supported in vivo by tissue macrophages to allow homeostatic patrolling of the complex SMG architecture.
FIELD CRICKETS IN MANITOBA

BY NORMAN GRIDDLE, Treesbank, Man. The genus Gryllus, to which field crickets belong, is represented in Manitoba by two races, namely the Spring cricket, Gr3111zls assirnilis pc.lz~zsylvanicus Burm. and the Autuinn cricket, G. assiwzilis luctuosus Serv. TVhile these crickets are easily separated by habits their distinctive structural characters are very few and for that reason inost authorities are inclined to classify them as mere varities of each other. I suspect, ho~vever, tha.t this is an instance when similarity of structure must not be taken too literally particularly as there is no evidence of the insects' interbreeding, and especially as the great inajority of adults of both appear at different periods of the year; the extrenles alone overlapping. The following liey mill assist to separate the two forms which I believe represent distinct species : A. -Ovipositor short g to 12 nim, hind felllofa z r mm, pcn? zsylvanic.us . B. -Ovipositor long 14 to zo mm , hind felnora 12 inm. l u c t u o s ~ ~ I n addition to the above characters Zuctuosz~s is larger, more noticeably SO in life, and averages an extra spine on the outer edge of hind tarsi i. e . seven instead of six Key to species by hnbits. A. --Adults present from May I to August I . Oviposition period June and July. Young appear in August and winter as nymphs . pe? znsgl-da? zicus B. -Adults present from August I to winter. Oviposition period September and Ocbober. Young appear in June and develop into adults the same year . luctuosus There is some variation in the above dates due to either an early or late spring. Thus it occasionally happens that adult Iz~clztoszts may be met with in July but in this case pc~t~zs~~lvaniczts will have died off somewhat earlier and there will still be very little overlapping of adults. As a guide to collectors it is safe to say that all adults taken before July I
A Prospective Survey of Skin Manifestations in Children With Inborn Errors of Immunity From a National Registry Over 17 Years

Background and Objectives Reports on skin manifestations in inborn errors of immunity (IEI) are based on retrospective analysis, small series, or isolated case reports. The present prospective study aimed to determine the spectrum of skin manifestations in children with IEI and their relevance to specific molecular defects. Materials and Methods The data were obtained from the Kuwait National Primary Immunodeficiency Disorders Registry during the period of 2004–2020. Results A total of 313 pediatric cases of IEI, 71% diagnosed at molecular level, were registered with a cumulative follow-up period of 29,734 months. Skin manifestations were seen in 40.3% of the patients, and they were among the presenting manifestations in 33%. Patients with skin manifestations were older at both onset and diagnosis ages of IEI symptoms, but this was statistically significant for the latter only. The diagnosis delay was significantly longer in patients with skin manifestations. There was a statistically significant association between having skin manifestations and IEI category, being more common in patients with complement deficiencies, combined immunodeficiencies, and diseases of immune dysregulation. There was no statistically significant association between having skin manifestations and both gender and survival. Skin infections were the most frequent manifestations followed by eczema and autoimmune associations. Among IEI with more than 10 cases, skin lesions were a consistent finding in dedicator of cytokinesis 8 (DOCK8) deficiency, hyper IgE syndrome, ataxia-telangiectasia, and recombination activation gene (RAG)1 deficiency. Conclusions Skin manifestations are common in IEI patients, and they had significant diagnosis delay and referral to specialists. Improvement of awareness about IEI is needed among pediatricians and dermatologists.
Evaluation of the Level of Technical and Tactical Skills and Its Relationships with Aerobic Capacity and Special Fitness in Elite Ju-Jitsu Athletes

Background: Ju-jitsu training has to be comprehensive in terms of training intensity, developing a wide range of physical fitness and learning multiple technical skills. These requirements result from the specificity of the competition characteristic of the sport form of this martial art. The aim of this study was to evaluate the aerobic capacity and special physical fitness of ju-jitsu athletes at the highest sports performance level and to determine the relationships between special fitness and the indices of technical and tactical skills. Methods: In order to determine the current level of special fitness of the athletes, a set of karate fitness tests were used, namely, the Special Judo Fitness Test and the Kickboxer Special Physical Fitness Test. Furthermore, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2peak) was measured using a graded exercise test in a group of 30 sport ju-jitsu athletes at the highest level of sports performance. To evaluate the level of technical and tactical skills, an analysis of recordings of tournament bouts was carried out, and, based on the observations, the indices of effectiveness, efficiency, and activeness of the attack were calculated. Results: Individuals with higher fitness were more active and effective in the attack. The special efficiency indices showed significant correlations with the technical and tactical parameters. Better fighting performance was dependent on the speed of the punches, kicking range, and the results of the special fitness tests. Conclusions: To achieve greater efficiency and effectiveness of sport ju-jitsu, the training process should be based on comprehensive motor development and an optimal level of special fitness.