Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Structural and Magnetic Properties of Ba3[Cu0.8−xZnxMn0.2]2Fe24O41 Z-Type Hexaferrites

We report on the synthesis and characterization of Ba3[Cu0.8−xZnxMn0.2]2Fe24O41 (x = 0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8) barium hexaferrites. The samples were prepared by high-energy ball-milling technique and double-sintering approach. The effects of Zn substitution for Cu on the structural and magnetic properties of the prepared samples were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). XRD patterns of the samples revealed the presence of a major Z-type hexaferrite phase, together with secondary M-type and Y-type phases. The magnetic results indicated that the saturation magnetization increased slightly with increasing the Zn content, while the coercivity and magnetocrystalline anisotropy field exhibited a decreasing tendency with the increase of Zn content. The thermomagnetic curves revealed the complex magnetic structure of the prepared samples and confirmed that the Curie temperature of the magnetic phases decreased with increasing x as a result of the reduction of the strength of the superexchange interactions.
Empirical study of robust estimation methods for PAR models with application to the air quality area

Abstract This paper compares three estimators for periodic autoregressive (PAR) models. The first is the classical periodic Yule-Walker estimator (YWE). The second is a robust version of YWE (RYWE) which uses the robust autocovariance function in the periodic Yule-Walker equations, and the third is the robust least squares estimator (RLSE) based on iterative least squares with robust versions of the original time series. The daily mean particulate matter concentration (PM10) data is used to illustrate the methodologies in a real application, that is, in the Air Quality area.
Körperliche Aktivität und Intensität der höchsten Fettoxidation bei Adipositas

For a fast bodyweight reductionphysical activity is inappropriate in obesewomen and men. Together with a balanced nutrition endurance training leads to a longtermweight loss and aids to keep a reduced bodyweight. Additionally, body composition is positively affected with an increase in muscle mass and a reduction in peripheral and abdominal fat mass. The exercise intensity eliciting highest fat oxidation is around 65% VO2max in obese women and men. Based on a large inter-individual variation for the substrate oxidation during relative intensities, an individual determination of highest fat oxidation using indirect calorimetry remains essential.
Finite Difference Methods for Simulation of Water Waves Generated by Moving Topography

In this paper, we consider water waves excited by moving topography. This problem usually occurs in the tsunami generation and propagation. We use the shallow water wave model governing this wave generation and propagation problem. Two finite difference methods are tested to solve the problem. The first is the forward in time centred in space finite difference method. The second is the Adams-Bashforth--Adams-Moulton method. We obtain that the second gives more flexibility in terms of the choice of time step value.
ON APPROXIMATION OF FIXED POINTS OF ASYMPTOTICALLY DEMICONTRACTIVE

In this paper necessary and sufficient conditions for the strong convergence of the modified three-step iteration process mainly due to Cho et al. (6) to a fixed point of an asymptotically demicontractive mapping in real Banach spaces are considered. Presented results improve and extend the results of Igbokwe (7), Liu (8), Moore and Nnoli (11) and Osilike (12) .
AN UNCONDITIONALLY GRADIENT STABLE NUMERICAL METHOD FOR THE OHTA-KAWASAKI MODEL

We present a ﬁnite diﬀerence method for solving the Ohta– Kawasaki model, representing a model of mesoscopic phase separation for the block copolymer. The numerical methods for solving the Ohta– Kawasaki model need to inherit the mass conservation and energy dissipa- tion properties. We prove these characteristic properties and solvability and unconditionally gradient stability of the scheme by using Hessian matrices of a discrete functional. We present numerical results that val-idate the mass conservation, and energy dissipation, and unconditional stability of the method.
Downstream flat plate as the flow-induced vibration enhancer for energy harvesting

The prospect of harvesting energy from flow-induced vibration using an elastic square cylinder with a detached flat plate is experimentally investigated. The feasibility of flow-induced vibration to supply an adequate base excitation for micro-scale electrical power generation is assessed through a series of wind tunnel tests. The current test model of a single square cylinder is verified through a comparable pattern of vibration amplitude response with previous experimental study and two-dimensional numerical simulations based on the unsteady Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes (URANS). In addition, a downstream flat plate is included in the wake of the square cylinder to study the effects of wake interference upon flow-induced vibration. A downstream flat plate is introduced as the passive vibration control to enhance the magnitude of flow-induced vibration and simultaneously increases the prospect of harvesting energy from the airflow. The study is conducted by varying the gap separation between the square cylinder and flat plate for 0.1≤ G/D ≤3. The highest peak amplitude is observed for the gap G/D = 1.2 with yrms/D = 0.46 at UR = 17, which is expected to harvest ten times more energy than the single square cylinder. The high amplitude vibration response is sustained within a relatively broader range of lock-in synchronization. Meanwhile, for G/D = 2 the vibration is suppressed, which leads to a lower magnitude of harvested energy. Contrarily, the amplitude response pattern for G/D = 3 is in agreement with the single square cylinder. Hence, the flat plate has no significance to the wake interference of the square cylinder when the gap separation is beyond 3D.
Degeneracy in Finite Time of 1D Quasilinear Wave Equations

We consider the large time behavior of solutions of the Cauchy problem of the quasilinear wave equation: $\partial_{t}^2 u = \partial_x( (1+u)^{2a} \partial_x u)$, which has richly physical backgrounds. If $1+u(0,x)$ is bounded away from a positive constant, we can construct a local solution for smooth initial data. When $1+u(t,x)$ is going to 0 in finite time, the equation degenerates. We give a sufficient condition that the equation degenerates in finite time. A known result on global existence and our main theorem determine a threshold of $\int_{\mathbb{R}} u_1 (x) dx$ separating the global existence of solutions and the occurrence of the degeneracy.
Management of the Nasal Dorsum

Proﬁle alignment, including nasal dorsal reduction, is one of the most common maneuvers in aesthetic rhinoplasty. Techniques often include cartilaginous excision and bony hump reduction with a chisel or a rasp. Cartilaginous nasal vault excision can result in separation of the junction between the upper lateral cartilages and the dorsal septum. This separation can cause an inferior-medial repositioning of the upper lateral cartilages and overall weakening of middle vault infrastructure. Furthermore, surgical interruption of this key region can also damage the internal nasal valve conﬁguration and function and create static and dynamic airway obstruction. This article outlines the anatomy and function of the middle nasal vault and internal nasal valve. In addition, it provides an overview of aesthetic complications of dorsal hump removal including inverted-V deformity, saddle nose deformity, hourglass deformity, and their functional consequences. Preoperative individual risk factors for middle-third deformities are mentioned. Preventive and corrective surgical techniques including cartilage grafting and reconstructive sutures are also detailed.
Presurgical Cleft Lip Management: Nasal Alveolar Molding

Continued advancement in the comprehensive care of children with cleft lip and palate has resulted in numerous innovative treatment protocols. The cooperation of numerous specialties has continued to expand the options for difﬁcult cases. A high standard for aesthetic and functional results has been established. Presurgical treatment of a cleft alveolus and its associated soft tissues with presurgical orthopedics is just one of these techniques. Differing opinions of the effectiveness, growth disturbances, and additional costs of presurgical molding are often debated, but the concepts should be understood by any cleft surgeon or orthodontist involved in cleft care.
Emerging Trends and Techniques in Male Aesthetic Surgery

Cosmetic surgery has witnessed explosive growth over the past few years, and with this has come growth in male aesthetic surgery. Increases have been seen in the number of nonsugical as well as surgical treatments. Rhinoplasty, hair transplantation, and blephar-oplasty continue to be the most common surgical procedures. New trends include rapid growth in nonsurgical treatments, especially Botox Cosmetic TM and microdermabrasion. New ﬁllers have expanded the options for men, including long-lasting Restylane TM and Radiesse TM . Sculptra TM offers a new option for correction of human immunodeﬁciency virus–associated lipoatrophy. Fractional photothermolysis and Thermage offer new options in resurfacing.
THE USE OF QUASIORTHOGONAL SWEEPS FOR SIMULTANEOUS SOURCING IN VIBROSEIS SURVEY

Simultaneous acquisition techniques allow obtaining greater volumes of data and sophisticate its recording geometry through the use of several sources. Depending on the method of seismic (vibrational or pulse), different methods of signals separation are used. In this study, we demonstrate some methods of constructing uncorrelated signals for vibroseis simultaneous acquisition, their application on the example of synthetic data and the removal of the cross-correlation noise on the synthetic seismogram with use of hyperbolic median filtering. Introduction One of the main factors determining where and how seismic surveys will be carried out is their cost. As the corresponding technologies develop, the demand for larger and more complex seismic operations rises. Therefore, now more than ever, there is a need to increase the efficiency of these operations. Currently, one can observe an increasing interest in simultaneous acquisition techniques for improvement of the effectiveness of seismic operations. The principle of this method is to use several sources located at an arbitrary distance from the observation system and recorded simultaneously within the write cycle. Vibroseismic method, in contrast to the pulse method, allows separating data from several sources at the stage of correlative processing of vibrograms. To achieve this, it becomes necessary that signals from several sources have a low level of cross-correlation. For this purpose, socalled pseudorandom signals and pseudorandom sequences are used in many ways (Weik, 2001). Furthermore, pseudorandom signals are characterized by improved noise immunity and by form of autocorrelation function that is better than for classical chirp sweep (Sallas ea al., 2008). After the data on correlograms are separated, the cross-correlation noises remain, the level of which increases with increasing of the number of sources used. These noises are inevitable when working with several sources and lie in the frequency band of the useful signal. In this regard, algorithms to deal with random noise that are based on the signal spectrum may not be effective. The use of nonlinear filtering methods, such as median filtering (Huo et al., 2009), can solve this problem. Methods Phase-shift keying signal Phase-shifted signals (PSK) are widely used in information transmission systems with multi-user access (for example, CDMA Code Division Multiple Access) (Ipatov, 2005). Changing the phase of SAGEEP 2018 Nashville, Tennessee USA http://www.eegs. org the signal by 180 ̊ is equivalent to changing the sign of the carrier within one rectangular pulse S (t). The duration of a rectangular pulse is T = 1 / f0, where f0 is the carrier frequency. Using the control sequence ? ⃗? a, whose elements take the values +1 or -1, the signal can be written as: WW(tt) = �aakkSS(tt − kkkk) sin 2ππff0tt NN−1
From holography to the geometry of the spacetime

We show the geometric consequences that the holographic principle has on the spacetime. Namely, we prove that complete spacelike hypersurfaces in a spacetime that satisfies the holographic principle are non-parabolic. This has important consequences on the behaviour of the Brownian motion in these spacelike hypersurfaces, as well as provides a method for finding examples of universes that lead to a violation of this principle.
Analysis on the High-order Distributed Consensus under Probabilistic Quantized Communication

Because the high-order distributed consensus algorithm utilizes the previous state values of non-adjacent nodes to accelerate the convergent rate, under the quantized communication, it means that the high-order distributed consensus algorithm utilizes the quantized information of more non-adjacent nodes, the performance of the high-order algorithm become very important under quantized communication. in the paper, the performance and the mean square errors of the high-order probabilistic quantization distributed consensus algorithm were analyzed. By analysis and simulation, the bigger the length of quantization message is, the better the performance is, and the smaller the square errors of the high-order algorithm is.
Notice of Retraction: Comments on “Coupling Coefficient Reconfigurable Wideband Branch-Line Coupler Topology With Harmonic Suppression”

In the above paper [1] two equivalent circuits of $L_{T}-$ and $\Pi $ -types for a 90° transmission-line section (TL) are suggested only for $N = 1$ . However, the design formulas for $N= n$ , where $n\ge 1$ and integer, are already published for $L_{T}$ -types [2, Fig. 6(b)] and for $\Pi $ -types [3, Fig. 6(c) with $\Theta _{a}= 0^{\circ }$ ], [4, Fig. 6(a)] , and the advantages for $N \ge 2$ are verified for $L_{T}$ -types in [2, Fig. 8, 10, and 11] and $\Pi $ -types [3, Fig. 8] , [4, Fig. 8] , as well.
SelfSeg: A Self-supervised Sub-word Segmentation Method for Neural Machine Translation

Sub-word segmentation is an essential pre-processing step for Neural Machine Translation (NMT). Existing work has shown that neural sub-word segmenters are better than Byte-Pair Encoding (BPE), however, they are inefficient, as they require parallel corpora, days to train, and hours to decode. This article introduces SelfSeg, a self-supervised neural sub-word segmentation method that is much faster to train/decode and requires only monolingual dictionaries instead of parallel corpora. SelfSeg takes as input a word in the form of a partially masked character sequence, optimizes the word generation probability, and generates the segmentation with the maximum posterior probability, which is calculated using a dynamic programming algorithm. The training time of SelfSeg depends on word frequencies, and we explore several word frequency normalization strategies to accelerate the training phase. Additionally, we propose a regularization mechanism that allows the segmenter to generate various segmentations for one word. To show the effectiveness of our approach, we conduct MT experiments in low-, middle-, and high-resource scenarios, where we compare the performance of using different segmentation methods. The experimental results demonstrate that, on the low-resource ALT dataset, our method achieves more than 1.2 BLEU score improvement compared with BPE and SentencePiece, and a 1.1 score improvement over Dynamic Programming Encoding (DPE) and Vocabulary Learning via Optimal Transport (VOLT), on average. The regularization method achieves approximately a 4.3 BLEU score improvement over BPE and a 1.2 BLEU score improvement over BPE-dropout, the regularized version of BPE. We also observed significant improvements on IWSLT15 Vi→En, WMT16 Ro→En, and WMT15 Fi→En datasets and competitive results on the WMT14 De→En and WMT14 Fr→En datasets. Furthermore, our method is 17.8× faster during training and up to 36.8× faster during decoding in a high-resource scenario compared to DPE. We provide extensive analysis, including why monolingual word-level data is enough to train SelfSeg.
Störungen der Handlungskontrolle im Kontext neuropsychologischer Befunde bei Schizophrenie

Based on a review of neurobiological and neuro− psychological findings in schizophrenia, we illus− trate how experimental neuropsychological re− search contributes to the understanding of schizophrenia. It is shown that cognitive perfor− mance deficits are a central feature of schizo− phrenia. They are closely connected with changes of brain physiology and appear to reflect disturb− ances of basic cognitive functions. It is difficult to identify these functions, because task perfor− mance usually taps various cognitive processes. However, isolation of functions is possible by ex− perimental variation of tasks that require a small number of well defined processes. To illustrate this, we review several recent studies that expe− rimentally analyzed deficits in the control of fast eye movements (saccades). In the antisaccade task schizophrenia patients show distinct, tem− porally stable and often replicated performance deficits. The reviewed studies suggest that these deficits predominantly reflect a weakness in the volitional initiation of action.
Contribution of the delta-class glutathione S-transferase to agrochemical adaptation in Apis mellifera

The European honey bee, Apis mellifera, serves as the principle managed pollinator species globally. In recent decades, honey bee populations have been facing serious health threats from combined biotic and abiotic stressors, including diseases, limited nutrition, and agrochemical exposure. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying xenobiotic adaptation of A. mellifera is critical, considering its extensive exposure to phytochemicals and agrochemicals present in flowers, propolis, hives, and the environment. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive structural and functional characterization of AmGSTD1, a delta class glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzyme, to unravel its roles in agrochemical detoxification and antioxidative stress responses. Significantly, we determined the 3D structure of a honey bee GST using protein crystallography for the first time, providing new insights into its molecular structure. Our investigations revealed that AmGSTD1 efficiently metabolizes model substrates, including 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB), p-nitrophenyl acetate (PNA), phenylethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), propyl isothiocyanate (PITC), and the oxidation byproduct 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE). Moreover, we discovered that AmGSTD1 exhibits binding affinity with the fluorophore 8-Anilinonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid (ANS), which can be inhibited with various herbicides, fungicides, insecticides, and their metabolites. These findings highlight the potential contribution of AmGSTD1 in safeguarding honey bee health against various agrochemicals and their metabolites, while also mitigating oxidative stress resulting from exposure to these substances.
Statistical mechanics of phenotypic eco-evolution: from adaptive dynamics to complex diversification

The ecological and evolutionary dynamics of large sets of individuals can be theoretically addressed using ideas and tools from statistical mechanics. This strategy has been addressed in the literature, both in the context of population genetics –whose focus is of genes or “genotypes”— and in adaptive dynamics, putting the emphasis on traits or “phenotypes”. Following this tradition, here we construct a framework allowing us to derive “macroscopic” evolutionary equations from a rather general “microscopic” stochastic dynamics representing the fundamental processes of reproduction, mutation and selection in a large community of individuals, each one characterized by its phenotypic features. Importantly, in our setup, ecological and evolutionary timescales are intertwined, which makes it particularly suitable to describe microbial communities, a timely topic of utmost relevance. Our framework leads to a probabilistic description of the distribution of individuals in phenotypic space —even in the case of arbitrarily large populations— as encoded in what we call “generalized Crow-Kimura equation” or “generalized replicator-mutator equation”. We discuss the limits in which such an equation reduces to the (deterministic) theory of “adaptive dynamics” (i.e. the standard approach to evolutionary dynamics in phenotypic space. Moreover, we emphasize the aspects of the theory that are beyond the reach of standard adaptive dynamics. In particular, by working out, as a guiding example, a simple model of a growing and competing population, we show that the resulting probability distribution can exhibit “dynamical phase transitions” changing from unimodal to bimodal —by means of an evolutionary branching— or to multimodal, in a cascade of evolutionary branching events. Furthermore, our formalism allows us to rationalize these cascades of transitions using the parsimonious approach of Landau’s theory of phase transitions. Finally, we extend the theory to account for finite populations and illustrate the possible consequences of the resulting stochastic or “demographic” effects. Altogether the present framework extends and/or complements existing approaches to evolutionary/adaptive dynamics and paves the way to more systematic studies of e.g. microbial communities as well as to future developments including theoretical analyses of the evolutionary process from the general perspective of non-equilibrium statistical mechanics.
Unsteady turbulent line plumes

The unsteady ascent of a buoyant, turbulent line plume through a quiescent, uniform environment is modelled in terms of the width-averaged vertical velocity and density deficit. It is demonstrated that for a well-posed, linearly stable model, account must be made for the horizontal variation of the velocity and the density deficit; in particular the variance of the velocity field and the covariance of the density deficit and velocity fields, represented through shape factors, must exceed threshold values, and that models based upon ‘top-hat’ distributions in which the dependent fields are piecewise constant are ill-posed. Numerical solutions of the nonlinear governing equations are computed to reveal that the transient response of the system to an instantaneous change in buoyancy flux at the source may be captured through new similarity solutions, the form of which depend upon both the ratio of the old to new buoyancy fluxes and the shape factors.
Large-time behavior of solutions to the inflow problem of full compressible Navier–Stokes equations with large perturbation

In this paper, we investigate the one-dimensional motion of compressible viscous and heat-conductive fluid on the half line R+=(0,+∞). The large-time behavior of the superposition of the transonic (or degenerate) boundary layer solution, 1-rarefaction wave, 2-viscous contact wave and 3-rarefaction wave is established for the inflow problem of full compressible Navier–Stokes system under a large initial perturbation for any adiabatic exponent 1$ ? >γ>1, provide the wave strength is suitable small.