Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Model Theoretic Explanations in the Theory of Dense Linear Orderings

A first on-wafer intended pattern and first and second on-wafer alignment marks have been formed in a reference layer that has been formed on a wafer by using a reference-layer-defining photomask. The first on-wafer intended pattern is a part of an isolation film pattern. The first on-wafer alignment mark has the same width and space as those of the first on-wafer intended pattern. The second on-wafer alignment mark has the same width and space as those of a second intended pattern for a layer-to-be-aligned to be formed on the reference layer. A shift Deltax is caused between the first and second on-wafer alignment marks because the diffraction of light affects rough and fine patterns on the photomask differently. In performing alignment by reference to the first alignment mark, the position of a mask to be aligned is corrected by the shift Deltax.
EVALUATION OF METHODS FOR DETERMINING DEMAND-LIMITING SETPOINT TRAJECTORIES IN COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS USING SHORT-TERM DATA ANALYSIS

This paper presents the evaluation of three different methods for determining zone temperature setpoint variations that limit peak electrical demand in buildings. The methods were developed in a companion paper (Lee and Braun 2006b) and are evaluated in the current paper through simulation for two different buildings. One of the buildings houses the Iowa Energy Center and is representative of a small commercial building. This building was modeled using a detailed inverse model that was developed in a previous study. The other building is the Santa Rosa Federal building, which is representative of a large commercial building. This building was modeled using Energy Plus, which was calibrated using test data. All three methods worked well in terms of peak demand reduction. In addition, two of the methods provided good predictions of peak load reduction for both buildings.
Development of an agar phantom adaptable for simulation of various tissues in the range 5-40 MHz. (Hyperthermia treatment of cancer)

A phantom electrically adaptable for simulation of various tissues, was developed using agar as the jelly. This phantom has the following features: (i) the dielectric property is specified in the range 5-40 MHz, (ii) the conductivity can be varied between 0.02 and 1.23 Sm-1, (iii) the permittivity can be varied between 35 and 80, (iv) preparation and handling are readily facilitated; the original shape is retained for over one year, and (v) it is free from deterioration caused by mould for at least one year.
Evaluation of water loss during high intensity rugby training

ABSTRACT Rugby is a sport where players spend most of their time per-forming aerobic activities but there are some moments that theyare involved in anaerobic activities. According to body dehydrationpercentage related with weight, physiological symptoms can varyfrom thirst to kidney and blood circulation insufficiency. The objec-tive of this study was to verify the sweat rate of rugby femaleathletes. The athletes were weighted and submitted to a BIA testbefore and after training. The body fat percentage reduced 0.6%on average and the dehydration percentage related with weightreduced 1.5% on average. Physiological sensations of thirst de-scribed by the athletes agree with the dehydration degree found.It does not present risks to the athletes’ health, but nevertheless,it is necessary that they get conscious about the importance of anadequate hydration for the improvement of the physical perfor-mance. INTRODUCTIONRugby The rugby league became professional in 1995, sports practicedworldwide and includes the Rugby International Committee and92 national leagues. Two teams, each one with 15 players in thefield play the game, and this number of players may be diminishedby ousting due to inadequate behavior. The game is performed in 2halves of 40 minutes each separated with a maximum interval of10 minutes. There are no interruptions, except for the occurrenceof bruise or wounds. During the 80 minutes, the ball remains ingame for 30 minutes, on average, and the time left is spent withbruises, scores, penalties or offsides. Rugby is a sports modalitythat requires a variety of physiological responses from players asresult of combined plays, high-intensity repetitive runs and con-tact frequency. Since each player may play distinct functions, spe-cific physical conditioning and training levels become necessary
Taking the Difference Between Leisure Time and Workdays Into Account to Improve Virtual Coaching

—A sedentary lifestyle is a cause for many health problems. To motivate employees to a healthier lifestyle and to physical activity, the Hanze University initiated a health promotion program, including a fortnightly coaching on lifestyle and activity. An activity tracker was used to monitor the participants’ steps. However the used activity tracker doesn’t provide timely personalized coaching. In this paper, we investigate the possibility of enhancing timely personalized virtual coaching. Therefore we investigated the manner in which the predictability of physical activity of a participant during the day can be improved. We focussed on the individual differences as well as the difference in activity and the circadian rhythm between free time and workdays. Exploring the data of the experiment the collected step count data was used to examine whether there was a signiﬁcant difference between leisure time, such as weekends, holidays, and workdays. Taking the ﬁndings of this investigation into account, we augmented individual machine learning models. The training of algorithms per participant in combination with time sliced datasets improved the accuracy of the prediction during the day of one meeting his or her daily goal. The use of personalized prediction models, applied machine learning, and the consideration of the difference between leisure time and workdays, will become a valuable and viable addition to a virtual coaching system helping the participants in achieving a healthy lifestyle and enabling a virtual coaching system that intervenes at the appropriate points in time.
Equivalent physical models and formulation of equivalent source layer in high-resolution EEG imaging

In high-resolution EEG imaging, both equivalent dipole layer (EDL) and equivalent charge layer (ECL) assumed to be located just above the cortical surface have been proposed as high-resolution imaging modalities or as intermediate steps to estimate the epicortical potential. Presented here are the equivalent physical models of these two equivalent source layers (ESL) which show that the strength of EDL is proportional to the surface potential of the layer when the outside of the layer is filled with an insulator, and that the strength of ECL is the normal current of the layer when the outside is filled with a perfect conductor. Based on these equivalent physical models, closed solutions of ECL and EDL corresponding to a dipole enclosed by a spherical layer are given. These results provide the theoretical basis of ESL applications in high-resolution EEG mapping.
Probing magnetic excitations, fluctuations and correlation lengths by muon spin relaxation and rotation techniques

We first discuss magnetic excitation and relaxation processes which have already been recognized experimentally by muon spin relaxation experiments. Our examples are taken from experiments performed on strongly correlated electronic systems, magnetic metals and geometrically frustrated magnetic compounds. In another part, focusing on the flux-line lattice in the Bragg-glass phase of superconductors, we show that a muon spin experiment can provide information on the in-plane correlation length of the lattice.
ANTI GASTRIC ULCER ACTIVITY OF LEAVES OF Pyracantha angustifolia (Franch.) C. K. Schneid IN RATS

In vivo study to evaluate the anti-gastric ulcer activity of the hydro alcoholic extract of the leaves of Pyracantha angustifolia on rat has been conducted. Gastric ulcer was induced by the administration of indomethacin and absolute ethanol per os and pylorus ligation. The results obtained with the use of absolute ethanol showed that the extract protects gastric mucus. The extract, at a dose of 600mg/kg, reduced the ulcer index from 56.58% in the control group to 5.16% in the treated animals (p<0.05). The indomethacin provoked lesions of 11.36±0.08 mm2 in the control group and 1.21±0.12mm2 in the experimental group which received the 600mg/kg of the extract (p<0.05). After pylorus ligation, the pH of the gastric content of the control group animals was 2.13±0.21versus 3.89±0.49 for the animals which received 600mg/kg of the extract (p<0.05). These findings show that the extract of the leaves of Pyracantha angustifolia protects the gastric wall against the ethanol aggression, accelerates the healing of indomethacinprovoked gastric lesion and decreases gastric acidity after pylorus ligation.
An efficient optimization algorithm in integrated circuit reliability design

In this paper, we present a new optimization algorithm in integrated circuit reliability design. The new algorithm uses the number–theoretic method to choose the initial population and uses a three-point quadratic approximation to improve the local search ability. It can be implemented readily in the existing circuit optimization environments. The improved algorithm has been applied to a two-stage sense amplifier to minimize hot-carrier-induced device degradation, and a comparison is made with the reference. The results show that the proposed approach can yield a more accurate optimization value. It can significantly increase circuit reliability and improve circuit performance.
Positronium formation in low energy s-wave positron-helium scattering

A two channel version of the Kohn variational method is used with very flexible trial wavefunctions and elaborate helium target wavefunctions to obtain accurate values of the s-wave elastic and positronium-formation cross sections for positron-helium scattering in the Ore gap. The positronium-formation cross section displays a similar behaviour to that found in positron-hydrogen scattering, with a rapid rise from threshold followed by a slowly rising plateau at the higher energies. The small magnitude of this cross section is consistent with the findings of a recent analysis of the experimental results. Investigations are also made of the behaviour of the elastic-scattering cross section near to the positronium-formation threshold.
Experimental Mo II oscillator strengths

Experimental branching fractions (BFs) of Mo II, ranging in wavelength from 1970 to 4370 Å, have been measured from intensity calibrated spectra recorded with the Lund UV Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS). Radiative lifetimes for 10 levels have been measured using the method of laser-induced fluorescence (LIF). Combining BFs with new as well as previously measured lifetimes, 16 in total, oscillator strengths of 91 lines were derived. Seven transitions are resonance lines involving the ground state. The BF results are compared with calculations made with the Cowan code and the f-values are compared with previously published data. Improved wavelengths from an ongoing term analysis are also reported.
COMPARISONS OF EFFECTS OF STUDENT AND TEACHER PREPARED SCREENCASTS ON STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT

The goal of this study was comparisons of effects of student and teacher prepared screencasts about Photoshop graphics editor on student achievement, during the spring 2013 semester Computer course. To achieve this goal, pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design was used to compare two groups. Sample was composed 74 participants and they were divided into a control group and an experimental group. Students prepared all the screencasts in the experimental group and instructor prepared the screencasts in the control group. As a result of this study, it was concluded that achievement scores of the experimental group who prepared their own screencasts were higher than the control group whose screencasts were prepared by the instructor.
Hausdorff dimension of subsets of Moran fractals with prescribed group frequency of their codings

A well known result states that the set of numbers in base r in which the digits i occur with relative frequency pi for i = 0,…,r−1 is a set of Hausdorff dimension −(1/log r)∑i = 0r−1pilog pi. For instance, decimal numbers in which only the digits 1 and 6 occur, both with relative frequencies ½, have Hausdorff dimension log 2/log 10. In this paper we generalize this result to the situation where one prescribes the relative frequencies of groups of digits in the expansion. For example, suppose we require that in the decimal expansion digits from {0,1,2} occur with relative frequency ½, and also that digits from {3,4,…,9} occur with this relative frequency. Our result shows that the Hausdorff dimension of this set is (log 2+½log 3+½log 7)/log 10. Actually, we take a much more general geometric viewpoint, considering subsets of Moran fractals specified by prescribing the relative frequencies of groups of symbols in their codings. We determine the Hausdorff dimension of such sets, and moreover give necessary and sufficient conditions for such a set to have positive Hausdorff measure in its dimension.
Power Spectrum of a Driven Bistable System

A periodically driven bistable system is considered in the region of validity of a two-state hopping approximation. In the limit of weak noise the hopping process becomes discrete not only in space but also in time so that an explicit evaluation of the autocorrelation function becomes possible. This function turns out to be a non-analytic function of time leading to a rather peculiar structure of the power spectrum. Results are compared with numerical and experimental data.
Waveguide submillimetre laser with a uniform output beam

A method for producing non-Gaussian light beams with a uniform intensity profile is described. The method is based on the use of a combined waveguide quasi-optical resonator containing a generalised confocal resonator with an inhomogeneous mirror with absorbing inhomogeneities discretely located on its surface and a hollow dielectric waveguide whose size satisfies the conditions of self-imaging of a uniform field in it. The existence of quasi-homogeneous beams at the output of an optically pumped 0.1188-mm waveguide CH3OH laser with a amplitude-stepped mirror is confirmed theoretically and experimentally.
Could Tenascin-C Be Introduced as Post-Circumcision Wound Healing Biomarker?

Introduction In the era of personalized health, the quest for biomarker as tools of examination, of diagnosis and of follow up deemed necessary. In this study, the author analyzed the outcome of skin tissue repair dorsal-slit and laser (cauterization) through expression of tenascin-C. (TNC) is an extracellular glycoprotein expressed during embryogenesis and markedly increased in wound healing, especially in resolution phase. Methods This study was conducted from July 2015 until May 2016 at Histology Lab FMUI and obtained ethical clearance from FMUI ethical committee no 751b/UN2.F1/ETIK/VIII/2015. Prepuces from 20 male participants (5-12 years old) were collected under signed informed consent and stained using hematoxylin-eosin staining to determine incisional margin area. Tenascin-C expression was determined by immunohistochemistry with ratio of TNC positive area and incisional margin area. Follow-up investigation was done using post-operative questionnaire and photographs to determine the status of wound healing. Result The conventional group showed greater TNC expression (57.28 ± 47.56%) than cauterization group (25.36 ± 16.44%) (p=0.07). The mean expression of TNC in normal wound healing subjects (42.15 ± 40.87%) is slightly more than the mean of delayed wound healing subjects (38.83 ± 33.40%) (p=0.872). The number of subjects with normal healing after cauterization or conventional techniques is almost identical. Conclusion The data presented here suggested that higher TNC expression indicate a trend toward normal wound healing. Further study with larger sample number is required.
Revised charge redistribution on semiconductor III-V (110) surfaces

Using ab initio calculations we have been able to show that the traditionally assumed charge redistribution on III-V semiconductor (110) surfaces has to be modified. The use of ab initio local ionicity calculations confirms that the relative polarity of the cation and anion increases but that the valence charge density locally decreases on both types of site at the surface. The decrease in charge is continuous as a function of atom radius and the overlap with the core levels diminishes. For small radii the cation loses less charge than the anion, which gives a positive electrostatic shift of the surface core level relative to the anion. Hence the traditional explanation for part of the surface core-level shift in terms of initial-state electrostatic effects is not satisfactory. Instead we believe the observed core-level shifts to be related to screening effects stemming from the dangling bonds in the final-state picture.
On the energy conservation electrostatic particle-in-cell/Monte Carlo simulation: Benchmark and application to the radio frequency discharges

We benchmark and analyze the error of energy conservation (EC) scheme in particle-in-cell/Monte Carlo (PIC/MC) algorithms by simulating the radio frequency discharge. The plasma heating behaviors and electron distributing functions obtained by one-dimensional (1D) simulation are analyzed. Both explicit and implicit algorithms are checked. The results showed that the EC scheme can eliminated the self-heating with wide grid spacing in both cases with a small reduction of the accuracies. In typical parameters, the EC implicit scheme has higher precision than EC explicit scheme. Some “numerical cooling” behaviors are observed and analyzed. Some other errors are also analyzed. The analysis showed that the EC implicit scheme can be used to qualitative estimation of some discharge problems with much less computational resource cost without much loss of accuracies.
Assessment of Wood Processing Safety in the Production Organization

Abstract Occupational health and safety legislation imposes an obligation on the production organization to regularly and comprehensibly inform employees of the dangers, threats and risks involved. In the paper, we assessed the basic requirements of safety in the wood processing workshop on the forming disc saw. Deficiencies in non-compliance with security regulations were determined from the check list analysis (CLA). The safety assessment was performed using the extended point method, where we determined the value of the risk measure. When working on a saw blade, the risk cannot be accepted and safety precautions have to be proposed. For the production organization, we have proposed remedial measures and a safety card to be considered before working on forming disc saw. All the measures proposed by us were accepted and implemented by the production organization. Applying and observing safety measures can prevent the occurrence of an occupational injury or damage to the health of the worker.
Distribution of the fractional parts of a polynomial, Weyl sums, and ergodic theory

CONTENTS Introduction. Formulation of the fundamental theorem Chapter I. Weyl sums and the estimate of the remainder term in the law of distribution of the fractional parts of a polynomial §1. Fundamental definitions and notation §2. Auxiliary lemmas and theorems §3. Formulation and proof of Theorem 3.1 §4. Estimates of Weyl sums §5. Estimates of the remainder term in the law of distribution of the fractional parts of a polynomial Chapter II. Joint distribution of the fractional parts of a polynomial §1. Fundamental definitions §2. Auxiliary lemmas §3. Uniform joint distribution of the fractional parts of a polynomial and the asymptotic law of distribution of the distance between neighbouring fractional parts of a polynomial §4. Auxiliary theorem §5. Estimates of the remainder term in the law of joint distribution of the fractional parts of a polynomial References
Order and frustration in chiral liquid crystals

This article reviews the complex ordered structures induced by chirality in liquid crystals. In general, chirality favours a twist in the orientation of liquid-crystal molecules. In some cases, as in the cholesteric phase, this favoured twist can be achieved without any defects. More often, the favoured twist competes with applied electric or magnetic fields or with geometric constraints, leading to frustration. In response to this frustration, the system develops ordered structures with periodic arrays of defects. The simplest example of such a structure is the lattice of domains and domain walls in a cholesteric phase under a magnetic field. More complex examples include defect structures formed in two-dimensional films of chiral liquid crystals. The same considerations of chirality and defects apply to three-dimensional structures, such as the twist-grain-boundary and moiré phases.
EXPERIMENTAL DETERMINATION OF OCTANOL-WATER PARTITION COEFFICIENTS OF FERROCENE DERIVATIVES USING SQUARE WAVE VOLTAMMETRY TECHNIQUES

An electrochemical method based on square wave voltammetry was developed for the measurement of octanol-water partition coefficient, LogP, for ten ferrocene derivatives. Measured LogP values ranged over two orders of magnitude, between 2.18 for 1-ferrocenylethanol and 4.38 for ferrocenyl-2-nitrophenyl. The measured LogP values were compared with those obtained by theoretical calculations developed on the basis of the adaptation of the Rekker method. The correlation coefficient of 0.992 for the comparison of experimental LogP values with those obtained by theoretical calculations indicates an excellent agreement.
Image transmission performance of direct sequence code division multiple access communication systems in Weibull fading channels

Yer ve zamandan bağımsız iletişim kurma talebi günümüzün vazgeçilmez ihtiyaçlardan birisi haline gelmiştir. Kullanılan mevcut iletişim sistemleri değerlendirildiğinde, sağladığı avantajlar nedeniyle çok büyük ölçüde kablosuz sistemlerin tercih edildiği görülmektedir. Doğrudan dizili kod bölmeli çoklu erişim (DD-KBÇE) iletişim sistemlerinin Weibull sönümlü kanallar üzerinden resim iletim başarımları literatürde ilk kez bu çalışmada araştırılmıştır. Weibull sönümlü kanal modeli bina içi ve bina dışı ortamlarda çok yollu yayılıma sahip sönümlemeli kanalların tanımlanabilmesi için önerilmiş uygun bir kanal modelidir. İletişim sisteminin analizinin sağlanabilmesi için Walsh-Hadamard yayma kodlarını kullanan bir DD-KBÇE sistemi tasarımı gerçekleştirilmiştir. Başarım analizleri hem farklı kullanıcı sayıları için hem de farklı kanal parametreleri için gerçekleştirilerek kapsamlı analizler sunulmuştur. Requirement of place and time independent communication has become one of the indispensable necessities of today. When the utilized communication systems are considered, it is shown that wireless communication systems are greatly preferred owing to presented advantages. Image transmission performances of the direct-sequence code division multiple access (DS-CDMA) systems over Weibull fading channels are examined for the first time in this study. The Weibull fading channel model is an appropriate channel model to characterize multipath fading channels for both indoor and outdoor environments. In order to analyze the communication system, design of a DS-CDMA communication system that utilizes the Walsh-Hadamard spreading codes are conducted. Detailed performance analyses are presented for both different user numbers and various channel parameters.