Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sorghum (Sorghum vulgare, L.) Marketability: Grain Color and Relationship to Feed Value

Virginia Cooperative Extension programs and employment are open to all, regardless of race, color, national origin, sex, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, or marital or family status. An equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. Issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extension work, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Virginia State University, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture cooperating. Edwin J. Jones, Director, Virginia Cooperative Extension, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg; Jewel E. Hairston, Interim Administrator, 1890 Extension Program, Virginia State, Petersburg. Sorghum (Sorghum vulgare, L.) Marketability Grain Color and Relationship to Feed Value
Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors 3 improve membrane stability and change gene 4 expression profiles in dystrophic skeletal muscles

Running Head: Mechanisms of aldosterone antagonism in skeletal muscle 12 13 $Correspondence to: Jill A. Rafael-Fortney, Ph.D. 14 Department of Physiology & Cell Biology 15 The Ohio State University College of Medicine 16 410 Hamilton Hall 17 1645 Neil Avenue 18 Columbus, OH 43210, United States 19 Phone: (614) 292-7043 20 E-mail address: rafael-fortney.1@osu.edu 21 22 Articles in PresS. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol (November 23, 2016). doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00269. 2016
A Comparison of Decision Tree Ensemble Creation Techniques

We experimentally evaluate bagging and seven other randomization-based approaches to creating an ensemble of decision tree classifiers. Statistical tests were performed on experimental results from 57 publicly available data sets. When cross-validation comparisons were tested for statistical significance, the best method was statistically more accurate than bagging on only eight of the 57 data sets. Alternatively, examining the average ranks of the algorithms across the group of data sets, we find that boosting, random forests, and randomized trees are statistically significantly better than bagging. Because our results suggest that using an appropriate ensemble size is important, we introduce an algorithm that decides when a sufficient number of classifiers has been created for an ensemble. Our algorithm uses the out-of-bag error estimate, and is shown to result in an accurate ensemble for those methods that incorporate bagging into the construction of the ensemble
From Laboratory to Road. A 2014 update of official and real-world fuel concumption and CO2 values for passenger cars in Europe

Europe’s passenger-car efficiency regulation has very effectively driven down the official average CO2 emissions and fuel consumption of new passenger cars in the EU. The 2015 target of 130 grams of CO2 per kilometer (g/km) was met two years ahead of schedule and manufacturers are making good progress towards the 2020/21 target of 95 g/km. But beneath this apparent success there is cause for concern. The basis for the regulation are results obtained under laboratory conditions using the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC)—the so-called certification or “type-approval” values. To make real progress, however, the results recorded in the laboratory must translate dependably into CO2 reductions and fuel-consumption savings experienced on the road. This study, which builds on and extends the analysis begun in 2012 and continued in 2013, demonstrates that the year-over-year improvements reported via the type-approval tests are not reliably matched in everyday driving—and that the gap between the vehicle emissions testing laboratory and the real world of the road is getting wider.
The Motivational Enhancement Therapy and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Supplement: 7 Sessions of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Adolescent Cannabis Users, Cannabis Youth Treatment (CYT) Series, Volume 2.

This manual, a supplement to Motivational Enhancement Therapy and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Adolescent Cannabis Users: 5 Sessions, Cannabis Youth Treatment (CYT) Series, volume 1, presents a seven-session cognitive behavioral treatment (CBT7) approach designed especially for adolescent cannabis users. It addresses the implementation and evaluation of cognitive behavioral treatment for adolescent marijuana users as part of the Cannabis Youth Treatment Project: A cooperative agreement for evaluating the efficacy of five treatments for adolescents with self-reported marijuana use and problems associated with Its use. This volume provides instructions for sessions 6 through 12 of the cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for adolescent marijuana users. For other reports in the series, click on related publication links below.
Improvement of spatial modelling of crop suitability using a new digital soil map of Tanzania

Climate change is projected to have widespread impacts on the climate suitability and geographical distribution of agricultural crops. Simulations were conducted on the suitability of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Tanzania under progressive climate change, taking into account a soil fertility constraint. The results were used to assess the effects of incorporating information on soil fertility, more specifically soil organic carbon (SOC) content, into the niche-based EcoCrop model, which was previously based only on climate data. Extending the model improved the correlation between predicted suitability and production statistics at the regional level. Simulated suitability was highly sensitive to SOC-related model parameters, implying that it is critical to incorporate these parameters in order to improve estimates of crop suitability. Simulations using the best parameterisation identified showed that low SOC is currently more limiting for common bean suitability than climate in 51% of the Tanzanian land area (protected areas excluded). However, future projections suggest that climate will be more limiting for the geographic distribution of common beans than SOC in the near future (2030). Spatial data on predicted SOC levels and other soil properties in future scenario modelling are needed for better identification of suitable areas for common bean production.
Linking Content to Curricula by using Competencies.

While much progress has been made in improving semantic interoperability in order to discover, evaluate, and use learning resources, teachers in primary and secondary schools have constantly and consistently pointed to the requirement of being able to do this in terms of their national/regional curriculum. More in particular, given that a resource is properly metadata tagged using one national/regional curriculum, can the resource be discovered and can the metadata be shown to another teacher in terms of her own national curriculum, such that it eventually can be used in order to meet the goals of the teacher's national/regional curriculum? For solving this problem four approaches could be considered: 1. resources are metadata tagged according to all (an estimated 50 national/regional) curricula in Europe alone. This is very expensive in initial tagging and maintenance. 2. a mapping is provided between the different curricula such that if a resource is metadata tagged according to one curriculum (e.g. the Flemish curriculum), it can be discovered and shown in terms on another curriculum (e.g. the Austrian curriculum) . A curriculum mapping (see [7], [8]) means that a component of one curriculum can be mapped to a boolean expression of components of another curriculum. This mapping can be done in two ways: relating all curricula pair wise to each other or relate all curricula to a common spine. 3. resources are metadata tagged according to a spine or universal curriculum. This approach is workable but is not really meeting the objectives of allowing the teacher to browse according to her own curriculum unless a mapping is made between the specific national/regional curriculum and the spine. 4. all countries and regions adopt the same curriculum. This is politically not feasible in the short nor middle term. Hence, a mapping approach between curricula (option 2) is explored Apart from the mapping challenge there is the question of relating curricula to educational content both for metadata tagging and for discovery. So essentially the challenge covered in this paper is threefold:
Classifying curved orogens based on timing relationships between structural development and vertical-axis rotations

Geologists have long recognized the importance and sought the meaning of curved orogenic belts. Over the last few decades, several classifi cation schemes have been proposed for curved orogens that have been largely based on the relationship between, and geometry of, displacement and strain trajectories. However, determination of strain trajectory paths and the complete displacement fi eld of an arcuate orogen is diffi cult at best. It is often possible to measure only one component of the total strain fi eld, but virtually impossible to measure the complete displacement fi eld. In addition, many of these classifi cation schemes have changed or modifi ed original defi nitions for some key terms, most notably the word orocline, which has propagated confusion in the literature (e.g., the Alaskan and Bolivian oroclines). To avoid some of the ambiguity and confusion associated with classifying curved belts, we propose a new classifi cation scheme based on the angular relationship between structural trend or grain (orientation of major thrusts and folds) and secondary imposed curvature (rotations acquired subsequent to initial thrusting and folding). In this manner, classifi cation of curved belts can be simplifi ed into three broad categories: (1) oroclines, (2) progressive arcs, and (3) primary arcs. Oroclines are those orogens that were originally linear and were curved during a subsequent deformation event. Progressive arcs develop their arcuate nature contemporaneously with growth of the belt. Primary arcs are those orogenic systems that inherit curvature during initial deformation and experience no appreciable tightening during subsequent deformation. The one criterion for ascertaining whether a curved orogen developed through a primary, secondary, or progressive mechanism is the temporal and spatial relationship between the deviation in structural trend and the vertical-axis rotation that took place within the belt. At present, the most useful geologic technique for determining such a relationship, and hence the kinematic classifi cation (primary, progressive, or secondary), of a curved orogen is the combination of paleomagnetism and detailed structural analysis. Following identifi cation of the appropriate kinematic classifi cation for a given curved belt, emphasis should be placed on qualifying that classifi cation with the mechanism by which curvature was attained (e.g., indenter, buckling, wrenching, etc.). In this way, the kinematics of deformation is separated from the mechanics of the process, which can often be described by more than one kinematic model.
The molecular signature of MDS stem cells supports a stem-cell origin of 5q (cid:1) myelodysplastic syndromes

Global gene expression proﬁling of highly puriﬁed 5q-deleted CD34 (cid:1) CD38 (cid:2) Thy1 cells in 5q (cid:2) myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) supported that they might originate from and outcompete normal CD34 (cid:1) CD38 (cid:2) Thy1 (cid:1) hematopoietic stem cells. Few but distinct differences in gene expression distinguished MDS and normal stem cells. Expression of BMI1, encoding a critical regulator of self-renewal, was up-regulated in 5q (cid:2) stem cells. Whereas multiple previous MDS genetic screens failed to identify altered expression of the gene encoding the myeloid transcription factor CEBPA, stage-speciﬁc and extensive down-regulation of CEBPA was speciﬁcally observed in MDS progenitors. These studies establish the importance of molecular characterization of distinct stages of cancer stem and progenitor cells to enhance the resolution of stage-speciﬁc dysregulated gene expression. (Blood. 2007;110: 3005-3014) in
Exploring Defocus Matting : Nonparametric Acceleration , Super-Resolution and Off-Center Matting

Defocus matting is a fully automatic and passive method for pulling mattes from video captured with coaxial cameras that have different depths of field and planes of focus. Nonparametric sampling can accelerate the video-matting process from minutes to seconds per frame. In addition, a super-resolution technique efficiently bridges the gap between mattes from high-resolution video cameras and those from low-resolution cameras. Off-center matting pulls mattes for an external high-resolution camera that doesn t́ hare the same center of projection as the low-resolution cameras used to capture the defocus matting data. In this article, we address these limitations and extend defocus matting in several important ways. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications This work may not be copied or reproduced in whole or in part for any commercial purpose. Permission to copy in whole or in part without payment of fee is granted for nonprofit educational and research purposes provided that all such whole or partial copies include the following: a notice that such copying is by permission of Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, Inc.; an acknowledgment of the authors and individual contributions to the work; and all applicable portions of the copyright notice. Copying, reproduction, or republishing for any other purpose shall require a license with payment of fee to Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, Inc. All
High-definition three-dimension camera: HDTV version of an axi-vision camera

We have developed a novel high-definition version of a three-dimension camera (an HDTV version of an Axi-vision camera) that can simultaneously capture both the HDTV colour image and the depth image of a scene at a video frame rate. The depth image is obtained by using intensity-modulated illuminators with a near-infrared spectrum combined with a high-resolution camera with an ultra-fast shutter using an image intensifier. A high signal-to-noise ratio of the depth image, which is necessary to realize this HDTV version of the Axi-vision camera, has been achieved by (1) a new highly sensitive image intensifier, (2) novel optics, and (3) high power light emitting diode array illuminators. As a result, the camera can capture a depth image with more than 920,000 pixels at a frame rate of 29.97 Hz or one with 410,000 pixels at a frame rate of 59.94 Hz. Such high performance makes this camera suitable for practical applications such as post-production in a virtual studio where images of objects at a specific distance can be selectively extracted and synthesized with other images in real time.
ENUCLEATED NEUROBLASTOMA CELLS FORM NEURITES WHEN TREATED WITH DIBUTYRYL CYCLIC AMP

Cultured cells cloned from the C1300 neuroblastoma have been shown by several laboratories to extend neurites (1-6) and to accumulate nervespecific enzymatic activities (7) when grown under conditions in which cell division is inhibited. Study of this system has been stimulated by the hope that it might serve as an in vitro model of nerve cell differentiation. Many of the neurite-inducing agents, including serum deprivation (3), prostaglandins (4), theophylline (5), and analogues of c A M P 1 including dibutyryl c A M P (B~cAMP), are thought to act principally by raising the intracellular concentrations of cAMP. Division is inhibited in all these cases, as well as in non-neural cell cultures treated with c A M P analogues (8). The observed stimulation of neurite extension in cAMP-trea ted neuroblastoma cultures might be explained in either of two ways. The "di rec t" explanation is that c A M P itself stimulates neurite outgrowth, and inhibits division only coincidentally. The " indirect" hypotheses maintains that since neurites grow during interphase and are retracted during mitosis (3), c A M P permits neurite extension by stopping the cell cycle in interphase. The action of c A M P under either hypothesis might or might not require interaction with or alteration of nuclear activity. We report here that enucleated neuroblastoma
Impaired regulation of glucose transporter 4 gene expression in insulin resistance associated with in utero undernutrition.

The aim of this study was to investigate whether insulin resistance-associated in utero undernutrition was related to changes in insulin action on gene expression of molecules involved in the insulin signaling pathway and peripheral glucose metabolism in muscle and adipose tissue. Thirteen insulin-resistant subjects born with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) were matched for age, gender, and body mass index to 13 controls. Gene expression of insulin receptor, insulin receptor substrate-1, p85alpha phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, glucose transporter-4 (GLUT4), hexokinase II, and glycogen synthase was studied in skeletal muscle at baseline and after a 3-h euglycemic insulin stimulation. Target messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) levels were quantified using the RT-competitive PCR method. Insulin-stimulated glucose uptake was significantly lower in IUGR-born subjects than in controls (36.9 +/- 12, 7 vs. 53.9 +/- 12.7 micromol/kg.min; P = 0.007), affecting both the glucose oxidation rate and the nonoxidative glucose disposal rate. At baseline, the expression of the six genes in muscle did not significantly differ between the two groups. The insulin-induced changes over baseline were comparable in both groups for all mRNAs, except GLUT4. In contrast to what observed in the control group (mean increment, 49 +/- 23%; P = 0.0009), GLUT4 expression was not stimulated by insulin in the IUGR group (8 +/- 8%; P = 0.42). Moreover, the magnitude of the defect in GLUT4 mRNA regulation by insulin was correlated to the degree of insulin resistance (r = 0.73; P = 0.01). A similar lack of significant GLUT4 mRNA stimulation by insulin was observed in the adipose tissue of IUGR-born subjects. In conclusion, insulin resistance in IUGR-born subjects is associated with an impaired regulation of GLUT4 expression by insulin in muscle and adipose tissue. Our data provide additional information about the mechanism of insulin resistance associated with in utero undernutrition and strengthen the role of glucose transport in the control of insulin sensitivity.
The receiver structure beneath Mina, Nevada

Abstract Receiver functions obtained from broadband teleseismic P waveforms recorded at seismic station MNV, near Mina, Nevada, are inverted for the vertical shear-wave velocity structure southeast of the station. The time-domain inversion procedure for vertically heterogeneous and laterally homogeneous one-dimensional models includes smoothness constraints to minimize model roughness and a pseudo-Monte-Carlo approach to investigate the nonuniqueness of the solution models. We also report on the potential effects of scattering on a receiver function inversion for a one-dimensional velocity structure. MNV receiver functions sample the Walker Belt crust and upper mantle beneath the Soda Spring Valley and Pilot Mountains to the east and the Garfield Hills and Excelsior Mountains to the west of the station. The preferred southeast solution models show a smooth positive gradient in the mid- and lower crust with the top of the crust-mantle boundary at 34- to 36-km depth, reaching an upper-mantle P velocity of 7.8 to 7.9 km sec −1 between 38 and 40 km. These results suggest that the crust beneath MNV may be representative of a transition zone between typical Basin and Range province crust to the east and a thicker Sierran block to the west of the station.
Spatio-temporal variation analysis of soil temperature based on wireless sensor network

Abstract: Soil temperature is a key factor for best planting dates decision-making in the large scale farming areas of northeast China because of high latitudes and frigid environment. Continuous data were collected from a wireless sensor network (WSN)-based monitoring system to exactly analyze and understand soil temperature of the whole farmland. Using the classical statistics and geo-statistics methods, real-time monitoring data were analyzed with three aspects, i.e. temporal variation, spatial variation and spatio-temporal variation. Temporal variation analysis of each sensor node showed a sinusoidal curve of daily soil temperature and gave the long-term trend of daily average soil temperature in a certain period. Spatial variation analysis provided the spatial distribution map of daily average soil temperature within a study region for a certain day. Spatio-temporal variation analysis quantified the variation process of the spatial distribution over time by the monitored classes distribution indicator (MCDI) proposed. Experimental results showed that the above variations analysis of the real-time data provide an effective approach to determine whole-farmland soil temperature. Keywords: precision agriculture, soil temperature dynamics, spatial-temporal variability, spatial variation, wireless sensor network (WSN) DOI: 10.3965/j.ijabe. 20160906.1871 Citation: Liu H, Meng Z J, Wang H, Xu M. Spatio-temporal variation analysis of soil temperature based on wireless sensor network. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2016; 9(6): 131－138.
Natural Arsenic in groundwater in the drainage basin to the Venice lagoon (Brenta Plain, NE Italy): the organic matter's role

The aim of the article is to show the role of the redox potential and of the ammonium ion concerning the release of arsenic into groundwater from naturally occurring sources. The study is carried out on both regional and local scale. The former is performed on the area of the drainage basin to the Venice lagoon (DBVL), while the latter interests a sub-area near the Porto Marghera contaminated sites of national interest, named Agricultural west areas (AWA). The results of the work will elucidate the processes continuity at different scales.
RELATIONAL CONTRACTING , REPEATED NEGOTIATIONS , AND HOLD-UP By

We propose a unified framework to study relational contracting and hold-up problems in infinite horizon stochastic games. We first illustrate that with respect to long run decisions, the common formulation of relational contracts as Pareto-optimal public perfect equilibria is in stark contrast to fundamental assumptions of hold-up models. We develop a model in which relational contracts are repeatedly newly negotiated during relationships. Negotiations take place with positive probability and cause bygones to be bygones. Traditional relational contracting and hold-up formulations are nested as opposite corner cases. Allowing for intermediate cases yields very intuitive results and sheds light on many plausible trade-offs that do not arise in these corner cases. We establish a general existence result and a tractable characterization for stochastic games in which money can be
Modelos de Estimación del Software Basados en Técnicas de Aprendizaje Automático

En J. Tuya, I. Ramos, J. Dolado (Eds.) Tecnicas Cuantitativas para la Gestion en Ingenieria del Software. Paginas 109-126. Oleiros, A Coruna, Espana: Netbiblo S.N. ISBN 978-84-9745-204-5. 2007.