Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Consequences of treatment of extracapsular fractures of hip with cemented bipolar hemiarthroplasty and dynamic hip screw fixation: A clinical study

Injuries like intertrochanteric factures are a common problem in the elderly. The management of comminuted intertrochanteric fractures is challenging because of excessive collapse, cut out of the lag screw and loss of fixation. Present study has been undertaken to evaluate the functional outcome of comminuted intertrochanteric fractures treated with cemented bipolar hemiarthroplasty compared with dynamic hip screw fixation. Objectives: To compare the results, efficacy in meeting the activities of daily routine, functional and clinical outcomes of cemented bipolar hemiarthroplasty and dynamic hip screw fixation as a treatment for comminuted intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients. Methodology: This prospective study was conducted on 32 cases of intertrochanteric fractures of hip, 16 cases treated with cemented bipolar hemiarthroplasty and 16 cases with dynamic hip screw fixation. The cases were classified according to AO:OTA classification. Hardinge’s modification of anterolateral approach was used for cemented bipolar cases and lateral approach was used for dynamic hip screw fixation. Preoperative care, intraoperative care, postoperative care and complications during follow up period were observed. Functional evaluation was done by using Harris hip score (HHS) and data was analysed. Results: In the present study, age group range for patients was from 60 to 75 years. 56.17% were male & 43.75% were female. Harris hip score in cemented bipolar group showed 6(37.5%) excellent, 6 (37.5%) good, 4(25%) fair results while dynamic hip screw group showed 4(25%) excellent, 6(37.5%) good, 2(12.5%) fair and 4(25%) poor results. Complications noted in the study of cemented bipolar group were 1(6.25%) case of superficial wound infection, 4(25%) cases of shortening and 6(37.5%) cases of abductor weakness with Trendelenburg gait while complications in the dynamic hip screw group were 4(25%) cases of implant failure, 3(18.75%) cases of nonunion, 2(12.5%) cases of knee stiffness and 4 (25%) cases of varus angulation. 1(6.25%) patient died due to medical reasons. This study concludes that primary cemented bipolar hemiarthroplasty can be considered as one of the main treatment options in comminuted intertrochanteric fractures in elderly. role of cemented bipolar hemiarthroplasty for comminuted intertrochanteric femur fracture in elderly osteoporotic patients through a modified trans-trochanteric approach- Hospital Modification”
Association of sleep quality, media use and book reading with behavioral problems in early childhood. The Ulm SPATZ Health Study

Abstract Study Objectives The objective of the study was to investigate the association of sleep quality, media use and book reading on internalizing, externalizing and prosocial behavior in early childhood. Methods In this cross-sectional study, we investigated a data set consisting of three consecutive yearly waves of the prospective Ulm SPATZ Health Study, conducted in southern Germany with 565, 496, and 421 children of 4–6 years of age, respectively. Standardized effects of the overall score and subscales of the Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire, parent-reported child media use and book reading as well as their interaction term on the total score of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire along with its externalizing, internalizing and prosocial subscales were estimated by multivariate adjusted random intercept mixed models. Results Overall sleep quality was associated more with internalizing than externalizing behavior; parasomnias associated with both behaviors. Night waking and sleep anxiety associated only with internalizing behavior. High levels of media use were associated with less internalizing behavior. More book reading resulted in less externalizing and internalizing behavior but more prosocial behavior. Finally, book reading and media use do not interact to determine child’s behavior. Conclusions The current work supports a strategy of monitoring sleep quality, reducing media use and promoting book reading in order to avoid behavioral problems in early childhood.
Çevrim içi video reklamlarına yönelik tüketici tutumu üzerine bir araştırma: YouTube örneği

Çevrim içi platformların kullanımının artması ile birlikte çok sayıda kullanıcıya ulaşmak için çevrim içi reklamcılık ağlarının kullanımı önem kazanmaktadır. Çevrim içi video reklamları, reklamcılık alanında markalar için büyük fırsatlar sunan popüler bir platform haline gelmiştir. Dolayısıyla pek çok marka bu platformlarda reklam vermek için önemli bütçeler ayırmaktadır. Ancak bu reklamların kullanıcılar tarafından izlenip, izlenmediği ya da kullanıcıların reklamlara yönelik tutumu reklam verenler tarafından merak konusudur. Bu araştırma önemli bir çevrim içi video platformu olan YouTube platformunda yayınlanan çevrim içi video reklamlara yönelik tutumu etkileyen faktörleri ve reklama yönelik tutumun, reklamı kabul niyeti ve davranışına etkisini araştırmak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın amacı doğrultusunda kolayda örnekleme yöntemiyle seçilen 394 katılımcıya online anket uygulaması yapılmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında elde edilen veriler AMOS programında yapısal eşitlik modellemesi ile analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgular; YouTube reklamlarının bilgilendirici, eğlendirici ve güvenilir olma özellikleri arttıkça kullanıcıların reklamı kabul tutumunun arttığı, reklamın rahatsız edici özelliği arttıkça da kullanıcının reklamı kabul tutumunun azaldığını kanıtlar niteliktedir. Öte yandan YouTube’ta izlenen video akışının reklamı kabul niyetini etkilemediği ancak reklamı kabul davranışını etkilediği sonucuna da ulaşılmıştır.
A Novel Artificial Multiple Intelligence System (AMIS) for Agricultural Product Transborder Logistics Network Design in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS)

In recent years, agriculture products have contributed to 28.75% of Thailand’s GDP. China, Vietnam, Myanmar, Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam are the main markets for agricultural products. The annual export volume exceeds 119,222 million THB. The majority of them are shipped over Thailand’s land borders to its neighbors. Small and medium-sized farmers make up more than 85% of those who produce agricultural items. Numerous scholars have studied the transportation methods used by the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) nations along the economic corridor, but the majority of them have concentrated on import–export operations involving sizable firms, which are not applicable to the transportation of agricultural products, particularly when attention is paid to small and medium-sized farmers. In this study, mixed-integer programming (MIP) is presented to design an agricultural product logistics network. In order to prolong the lifespan of the container used, the MIP’s primary goal is to maximize the total chain profit while maintaining the lowest container usage possible. The approach was developed to increase small and medium-sized farmers’ ability to compete. Small and medium-sized farmers bring their products to an agricultural product collecting center, also known as a container loading facility. After that, skilled logistics companies distribute the goods. In order to convey the goods to the final clients in neighboring nations, the proper locations of the containing loading centers, the correct transportation option and the borders must be decided. The issue was identified as multi-echelon location–allocation sizing (MELLS), an NP-hard problem that cannot be handled in an efficient manner. To solve a real-world problem, however, efficient techniques must be supplied. AMIS, an artificial multiple intelligence system, was created to address the suggested issue. AMIS was developed with the goal of leveraging a variety of methods for local search and development. There are several well-known heuristics techniques employed in the literature, including the genetic algorithm (GA) and the differential evolution algorithm (DE). With respect to the improved solutions obtained, the computational results show that AMIS exceeds the present heuristics, outperforming DE and GA by 9.34% and 10.95%, respectively. Additionally, the system’s farmers made a total of 15,236,832 THB in profit, with an average profit per container of 317,434 THB and an average profit per farmer of 92,344.44 THB per crop. The container loading center uses 48 containers, with a 5.33 container average per container loading center (CLC). The farmers’ annual revenues were previously less than 88,402 THB per family per year, so we can predict that the new network may increase customers’ annual income by 4.459% for each crop.
DISFOCALITY AND NONOSCILLATORY SOLUTIONS OF 7V-TH-ORDER DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

where/? is continuous and of constant sign on [a, oo). Equation (E) is said to be disfocal on an interval / if, for every nontrivial solution y of (E), at least one of the functions y,y', . , j ( w ~ 1 ) does not vanish on/ . If equation (E) is not disfocal on /, then there exists an integer k{\ g k ^ n — 1), a pair of points b, ce I, b < c, and a nontrivial solution y of (E) such that k of the functions y, y', . , j>»vanish at b and the remaining« k functions at c, i.e.,
Combining Sentinel-1 and Landsat 8 Does Not Improve Classification Accuracy of Tropical Selective Logging

Tropical forests play a key role in the global carbon and hydrological cycles, maintaining biological diversity, slowing climate change, and supporting the global economy and local livelihoods. Yet, rapidly growing populations are driving continued degradation of tropical forests to supply wood products. The United Nations (UN) has developed the Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) programme to mitigate climate impacts and biodiversity losses through improved forest management. Consistent and reliable systems are still needed to monitor tropical forests at large scales, however, degradation has largely been left out of most REDD+ reporting given the lack of effective monitoring and countries mainly focus on deforestation. Recent advances in combining optical data and Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data have shown promise for improved ability to monitor forest losses, but it remains unclear if similar improvements could be made in detecting and mapping forest degradation. We used detailed selective logging records from three lowland tropical forest regions in the Brazilian Amazon to test the effectiveness of combining Landsat 8 and Sentinel-1 for selective logging detection. We built Random Forest models to classify pixel-based differences in logged and unlogged regions to understand if combining optical and SAR improved the detection capabilities over optical data alone. We found that the classification accuracy of models utilizing optical data from Landsat 8 alone were slightly higher than models that combined Sentinel-1 and Landsat 8. In general, detection of selective logging was high with both optical only and optical-SAR combined models, but our results show that the optical data was dominating the predictive performance and adding SAR data introduced noise, lowering the detection of selective logging. While we have shown limited capabilities with C-band SAR, the anticipated opening of the ALOS-PALSAR archives and the anticipated launch of NISAR and BIOMASS in 2023 should stimulate research investigating similar methods to understand if longer wavelength SAR might improve classification of areas affected by selective logging when combined with optical data.
Delivering an Immunocastration Vaccine via a Novel Subcutaneous Implant

Simple Summary Male cattle (bulls) are often castrated as part of routine herd management. The benefits of this practice include the reduction of aggression and the elimination of unwanted pregnancies. However, castration represents an animal welfare concern as bulls are subjected to pain during and after the procedure. Surgical castration, in particular, places animals at increased risk of hemorrhage and infection. Immunocastration, a method involving vaccination against the hormones that regulate reproduction, offers a reduced-pain alternative to traditional castration, but the current products require multiple doses to effectively reduce fertility for extended periods. In an effort to improve upon current multi-dose immunocastration strategies, we evaluated the efficacy of a single-dose implantable immunocastration vaccine. This implant was designed to reduce fertility without the need for multiple doses, thus improving welfare for the animals as well as safety for producers and clinicians. The results presented here are promising and suggest that further refinement of the immunocastration implant could provide a convenient alternative to current immunocastration strategies. Abstract Immunocastration relies on the vaccine-mediated stimulation of an immune response to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in order to interrupt spermatogenesis. This approach offers a less painful alternative to traditional castration approaches but the current, commercially available options require multiple doses of vaccine to maintain sterility. Thus, a series of pilot studies were conducted to determine the feasibility of a single-dose immunocastration vaccine implant. These five studies utilized a total of 44 Holstein bulls to determine the optimal vaccine composition and validate the ability of a stainless-steel subcutaneous implant to deliver a vaccine. Outcome measures included the duration of implant retention, scrotal dimensions and temperature, implant site temperature, anti-GnRH antibodies, and serum testosterone concentration. Over the course of several studies, anti-GnRH antibodies were successfully stimulated by vaccine implants. No significant treatment effects on scrotal dimensions or testosterone were detected over time, but changes in spermatogenesis were detected across treatment groups. Results indicate that a single-dose implantable immunocastration vaccine elicits a humoral immune response and could impact spermatogenesis in bulls. These findings provide opportunities for the refinement of this technology to improve implant retention over longer periods of time. Taken together, this approach will offer producers and veterinarians an alternative to physical castration methods, to improve animal welfare during routine livestock management procedures.
Single-spore germination analyses reveal that Clostridioides difficile uses parallel pathways to sense distinct classes of co-germinants during spore germination.

Clostridioides difficile infections begin when its metabolically dormant spores germinate in response to sensing bile acid germinants alongside amino acid and divalent cation cogerminants in the small intestine. While bile acid germinants are essential for C. difficile spore germination, it is currently unclear whether both co-germinant signals are required. One model proposes that divalent cations, particularly Ca 2+ , are essential for spore germination, while another proposes that either co-germinant class can induce germination. The former model is based on the finding that spores defective in releasing large stores of internal Ca 2+ in the form of calcium dipicolinic acid (CaDPA) do not germinate when germination is induced with amino acid co-germinant and bile acid germinant alone. However, accurately measuring germination in CaDPA-less spores using standard optical density-based germination assays is challenging because these spores are less optically dense. To overcome this issue, we developed a novel automated, time-lapse microscopy-based germination assay to analyze CaDPA mutant germination at the single-spore level. Using this assay, we show that CaDPA mutant spores still germinate in the presence of amino acid co-germinant and bile acid germinant, although they require higher levels of amino acid co-germinants to induce germination relative to WT spores. This requirement for elevated amino acid co-germinant levels is because CaDPA released during germination can function as a “public good” to potentiate the germination of other spores within a population. Collectively, these data demonstrate that Ca 2+ is not essential for C. difficile spore germination, indicating that parallel co-germinant sensing pathways activate germination.
GRADED UNIPOTENT GROUPS AND GROSSHANS THEORY

Let $U$ be a unipotent group which is graded in the sense that it has an extension $H$ by the multiplicative group of the complex numbers such that all the weights of the adjoint action on the Lie algebra of $U$ are strictly positive. We study embeddings of $H$ in a general linear group $G$ which possess Grosshans-like properties. More precisely, suppose $H$ acts on a projective variety $X$ and its action extends to an action of $G$ which is linear with respect to an ample line bundle on $X$ . Then, provided that we are willing to twist the linearization of the action of $H$ by a suitable (rational) character of $H$ , we find that the $H$ -invariants form a finitely generated algebra and hence define a projective variety $X/\! /H$ ; moreover, the natural morphism from the semistable locus in $X$ to $X/\! /H$ is surjective, and semistable points in $X$ are identified in $X/\! /H$ if and only if the closures of their $H$ -orbits meet in the semistable locus. A similar result applies when we replace $X$ by its product with the projective line; this gives us a projective completion of a geometric quotient of a $U$ -invariant open subset of $X$ by the action of the unipotent group $U$ .
Tuning of meristem maturation rate increases yield in multiple Triticum aestivum cultivars

Abstract Breeding programs aim to improve crop yield and environmental stability for enhanced food security. The principal methodology in breeding for stable yield gain relies on the indirect selection of beneficial genetics by yield evaluation across diverse environmental conditions. This methodology requires substantial resources while delivering a slow pace of yield gain and environmental adaptation. Alternative methods are required to accelerate gain and adaptation, becoming even more imperative in a changing climate. New molecular tools and approaches can enable accelerated creation and deployment of multiple alleles of genes identified to control key traits. With the advent of tools that enable breeding by targeted allelic selection, identifying gene targets associated with an improved crop performance ideotype will become crucial. Previous studies have shown that altered photoperiod regimes increase yield in wheat ( Triticum aestivum ). In the current study, we have employed such treatments to study the resulting yield ideotype in five spring wheat cultivars. We found that the photoperiod treatment creates a yield ideotype arising from delayed spike establishment rates that are accompanied by increased early shoot expression of TARGET OF EAT1 (TaTOE1) genes. Genes identified in this way could be used for ideotype‐based improve crop performance through targeted allele creation and selection in relevant environments.
Automated Machine Learning System for Defect Detection on Cylindrical Metal Surfaces

Metal workpieces are indispensable in the manufacturing industry. Surface defects affect the appearance and efficiency of a workpiece and reduce the safety of manufactured products. Therefore, products must be inspected for surface defects, such as scratches, dirt, and chips. The traditional manual inspection method is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and human error is unavoidable when thousands of products require inspection. Therefore, an automated optical inspection method is often adopted. Traditional automated optical inspection algorithms are insufficient in the detection of defects on metal surfaces, but a convolutional neural network (CNN) may aid in the inspection. However, considerable time is required to select the optimal hyperparameters for a CNN through training and testing. First, we compared the ability of three CNNs, namely VGG-16, ResNet-50, and MobileNet v1, to detect defects on metal surfaces. These models were hypothetically implemented for transfer learning (TL). However, in deploying TL, the phenomenon of apparent convergence in prediction accuracy, followed by divergence in validation accuracy, may create a problem when the image pattern is not known in advance. Second, our developed automated machine-learning (AutoML) model was trained through a random search with the core layers of the network architecture of the three TL models. We developed a retraining criterion for scenarios in which the model exhibited poor training results such that a new neural network architecture and new hyperparameters could be selected for retraining when the defect accuracy criterion in the first TL was not met. Third, we used AutoKeras to execute AutoML and identify a model suitable for a metal-surface-defect dataset. The performance of TL, AutoKeras, and our designed AutoML model was compared. The results of this study were obtained using a small number of metal defect samples. Based on TL, the detection accuracy of VGG-16, ResNet-50, and MobileNet v1 was 91%, 59.00%, and 50%, respectively. Moreover, the AutoKeras model exhibited the highest accuracy of 99.83%. The accuracy of the self-designed AutoML model reached 95.50% when using a core layer module, obtained by combining the modules of VGG-16, ResNet-50, and MobileNet v1. The designed AutoML model effectively and accurately recognized defective and low-quality samples despite low training costs. The defect accuracy of the developed model was close to that of the existing AutoKeras model and thus can contribute to the development of new diagnostic technologies for smart manufacturing.
Assisted Analyze of the Extenics Dependent Functions in 1D, 2D, 3D and nD Dimensions with LabVIEW Instrumentation

Assisted analyze of the Extenics dependent functions theory is necessary to study easily all influences of the current point in to the space of nR dimensions. The Extenics theory was defined by prof. Cai Wen in 1983 and his collaborators in the mathematical, philosophy and logical models [1-. This paper inspired from the Extenics theory try to transfer the mathematical formalism in to the virtual LabVIEW instrumentation what can be easily establish, by on-line calculus of the dependent functions, the affiliation of one class or interval in the nR dimensions and validate all Extenics conditions. The research established the complex field of the dependent functions, when the work point is inside, outside, symmetrical or asymmetrical position versus the optimal area. In the Extenics theory wasnt defined in this new form the nR dimensions. It is defined also in this paper the attraction field instead of the attraction point defined in [. The paper show the study case of the 2D and 3D dependent on-line functions with define finally the attraction field like the optimized place of the working point.