Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of maternal cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption during pregnancy on birth weight and cardiometabolic risk factors in infants, children and adolescents: a systematic review protocol

Introduction Tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption during pregnancy are particularly prevalent in low socioeconomic status populations, with an adverse association with birth outcomes and cardiometabolic risk factors. However, the direct and indirect effects of prenatal cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption during pregnancy on cardiometabolic risk in offspring have been rather inconsistent. This may be attributed to multiple factors, such as the amount and timing of exposure to tobacco smoking and alcohol during pregnancy; the influence of maternal, environmental and socioeconomic factors; or how risk factors were defined by individual researchers and studies. Therefore, this review aims to provide a summary of the most recent evidence on birth outcomes and cardiometabolic risk in children associated with alcohol and/or tobacco exposure in utero. Methods and analysis PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science will be searched to identify published articles from 1 January 2001. Clinical studies that investigate the association between maternal cigarette smoking or alcohol consumption and birth weight and cardiometabolic risk factors in infants, children and adolescents will be included. Prospective cohort, case-control studies and birth cohort studies will be eligible for inclusion. Grey literature will be searched including conference proceedings, Google Scholar and the ProQuest Dissertation and Theses database. Only studies published in English will be included, with no restrictions regarding country, race or gender. Two independent reviewers will conduct the literature search and article screening. Eligibility criteria will be based on the population (infants, children, adolescents), exposure (maternal cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption or both), comparator (control group with no exposure during pregnancy) and outcomes (birth weight and cardiometabolic risk factors). Quality assessment and risk of bias will be assessed using a risk of bias tool for observational studies, and data will be extracted for analysis using a researcher-generated data extraction form. A meta-analysis will be performed to estimate pooled effect sizes if there are sufficient good-quality studies available. Sources of heterogeneity will be explored using subgroup analysis. Ethics and dissemination Ethical clearance will not be required as this review will extract publicly available secondary data. Findings from this review will be disseminated via publication in a peer-review journal. PROSPERO registration number CRD42021286630.
Caregiver activation of relatives of patients with advanced cancer

Abstract Objective Relatives of patients with advanced cancer often have many caring responsibilities. Not everyone may have sufficient knowledge, skills, and confidence—also known as caregiver activation—to provide such care. We assessed caregiver activation in relatives and its association with their personal characteristics and their own well‐being. Methods A cross‐sectional study among relatives of patients with advanced cancer. Measures included caregiver activation (C‐PAM), resilience, personal self‐care, caregiver burden, depressive symptoms, quality of life, and social well‐being. The C‐PAM distinguishes four levels of activation, ranging from poor (level 1) to adequate (level 4). Bivariate and multivariable regression analyses were performed. Results Two hundred fifty‐four relatives were included; 32% had level 1 activation, 30% level 2, 27% level 3 and 11% level 4. Higher levels of caregiver activation were found among partners, those who provided more hours of informal care, were more resilient, and scored higher on personal self‐care. Higher caregiver activation was associated with lower caregiver burden, less depressive symptoms, and better social well‐being. Conclusion In our study, the majority of relatives seem insufficiently prepared to provide care for their loved one. Supporting them in gaining knowledge, skills, and confidence to provide such care may improve their own well‐being.
Facial emotion recognition and schizotypal traits: A systematic review of behavioural studies

Previous research has indicated that individuals expressing high schizotypal traits and patients with Schizotypal Personality Disorder (SPD), show deficits in facial emotion recognition, compared to low schizotypal or control groups. On the other hand, non‐significant findings also exist and the association of facial emotion recognition deficits with the different schizotypal dimensions is not well defined, thus limiting any conclusive outcomes. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review was to further clarify this relationship.
MUC1 expressing tumor growth was retarded after human mucin 1 (MUC1) plasmid DNA immunization

Introduction Naked DNA is one of the attractive tools for vaccination studies. We studied naked DNA vaccination against the human tumor antigen, mucin, which is encoded by the MUC1 gene. Methods We constructed the pcDNA3.0-MUC1 (pcDNA-MUC1) plasmid expressing an underglycosylated MUC1 protein. BALB/c mice were immunized intradermally thrice at 2-weeks intervals with pcDNA-MUC1. Two weeks after the last immunization, tumor challenge experiments were performed using either the CT26 or TA3HA tumor cell lines, both of which transduce human MUC1. Results Immune cell population monitoring from pcDNA-MUC1-immunized animals indicated that immune cell activation was induced by MUC1-specific immunization. Using intracellular fluorescence activated cell sorting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot assay, we reported that interferon-γ secreting CD8+ T cells were mainly involved in MUC1-specific immunization. In all mice immunized with MUC1 DNA, tumor growth inhibition was observed, whereas control mice developed tumors (p < 0.001). Conclusion Our results suggest that intradermal immunization with MUC1 DNA induces MUC1-specific CD8+ T cell infiltration into tumors, elicits tumor-specific Th1-type immune response, and inhibits tumor growth.
Improved Self‐Assessed Collaboration Through Interprofessional Education: Midwifery Students and Obstetrics and Gynecology Residents Learning Together

Introduction Research suggests that interprofessional education, bringing learners together to learn about, with, and from each other, improves health professions education and can improve health outcomes. Little research has measured outcomes of interprofessional education between midwifery students and obstetrics and gynecology residents. The purpose of this study was to examine self‐assessed interprofessional and collaborative competencies among midwifery students and obstetrics and gynecology residents. Methods Baseline self‐assessed interprofessional and collaborative competencies were compared with follow‐up measurements to evaluate learners’ experiences over an 11‐month study period. Participants were midwifery students and obstetrics and gynecology residents who experienced interprofessional learning activities. The Interprofessional Education Collaborative Competency Self‐Assessment Survey (IPEC Survey) and Interprofessional Collaborative Competency Attainment Survey (ICCAS) were used. Results Of 256 learners at 4 demonstration sites, 223 (87%) completed the baseline, and 121 of 237 eligible learners (51%) completed the follow‐up surveys. The IPEC Survey total score (t = 2.31, P = .02) and interaction subscale (t = 2.85, P = .005) and ICCAS score (t = 4.04, P = .001) increased for midwifery students but not obstetrics and gynecology residents on the IPEC Survey (t = 0.32, P = .75) and ICCAS (t = −0.05, P = .96) measures. Midwifery students (87%) and residents (57%) reported improved overall ability to collaborate. Learners responding to 3 open‐ended questions valued team‐based experiences, including learning how to communicate with each other; appreciated learning each other's education and scope of practice; and recommended skills development including uncommon clinical events, case discussions, and direct clinical care. Discussion This study advanced knowledge about interprofessional education between midwifery students and obstetrics and gynecology residents. Midwifery students improved in self‐assessed interprofessional and collaborative competencies. Most learners reported better interprofessional collaboration skills and were positive about future interprofessional learning. This evaluation approach is available for other programs implementing or extending interprofessional education.
Isolation, Characterization and Anticomplementary Activity of Polysaccharides from the Rhizomes of Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC.

The polysaccharides from the rhizomes of Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC. (BCPs) were obtained by optimal water extraction (extraction temperature 84 °C, liquid to solid ratio 42 mL/g and extraction time 100 min), the extraction yield of BCPs was 23.01±0.27 % (n=3). Furthermore, two novel polysaccharides (BCP‐A1 and BCP‐B1) were purified by column chromatography. The BCP‐A1 (6.0820×104 kDa) was composed of β‐D‐Manp‐(1→, β‐D‐Glcp‐(1→, →4)‐α‐D‐Galp‐(1→ and →3,4)‐β‐D‐Galp‐(1→, and BCP‐B1 (2.2744×104 kDa) was composed of →5)‐α‐L‐Araf‐(1→, β‐D‐Manp‐(1→, β‐D‐Glcp‐(1→, →4)‐α‐D‐Glcp, →4)‐α‐D‐Galp‐(1→, →4)‐α‐D‐GalpA‐(1→ and →3,4)‐β‐D‐Galp‐(1→. In anticomplementary experiments, BCP‐A1 (CH50: 0.009±0.003 mg/mL; AP50: 0.015±0.003 mg/mL) and BCP‐B1 (CH50: 0.004±0.001 mg/mL; AP50: 0.028±0.005 mg/mL) exhibited potent anticomplementary activity, and acted on C2‐, C4‐ and Factor B components. Our study provides a foundation for BCP‐A1 and BCP‐B1 as potential complement inhibitors to treat diseases involving with excessive activation of the complement system.
Work in Progress - The Development of Agency in a High School Maker Class: Evidence from Interviews

Lee Martin studies people’s efforts to enhance their own learning environments, with a particular focus on mathematical, engineering, and design thinking. In everyday settings, he looks at the varied ways in which people assemble social, material, and intellectual resources for problem solving and learning. In school settings, he looks to ﬁnd ways in which schools might better prepare students to be more resourceful and ﬂexible in fostering their own learning.
Ionizing Radiation – Induced g -H2AX Activity in Whole Blood Culture and the Risk of Lung Cancer Epidemiology,Biomarkers&Prevention

Background: Phenotypic biomarkers of DNA damage repair may enhance cancer risk prediction. The g -H2AX formed at the sites of double-strand break (DSB) after ionizing radiation is a speciﬁc marker of DNA damage. Methods: In an ongoing case–control study, the baseline and ionizing radiation–induced g -H2AX levels in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from frequency-matched 306 untreated patients with lung cancer and 306 controls were measured by a laser scanning cytometer-based immunocytochemical method. The ratio of ionizing radiation–induced g -H2AX level to the baseline was used to evaluate interindividual variation of DSB damage response and to assess the risk of lung cancer by using unconditional multivariable logistic regression with adjustment of age, sex, ethnicity, smoking status, family history of lung cancer, dust exposure, and emphysema. Results: Themean g -H2AXratiowassigniﬁcantlyhigherincasesthancontrols(1.46 (cid:1) 0.14vs. 1.41 (cid:1) 0.12, P < 0.001). Dichotomized at the median in controls, high g -H2AX ratio was signiﬁcantly associated with increased risk of lung cancer [OR ¼ 2.43; 95% conﬁdence interval (CI): 1.66–3.56]. There was also a signiﬁcant dose– response relationship between g -H2AX ratio and lung cancer risk in quartile analysis. Analysis of joint effects with other epidemiologic risk factors revealed elevated risk with increasing number of risk factors. Conclusion: g -H2AX activity as shown by measuring DSB damage in ionizing radiation–irradiated PBLs may be a novel phenotypic marker of lung cancer risk. Impact: g -H2AX assay is a robust and quantiﬁable image-based cytometer method that measures mutagen-induced DSB response in PBLs as a potential biomarker in lung cancer risk assessment. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 1–10. (cid:2) 2012 AACR.
On the choice of starting values for the EM algorithm in fitting mixture models

We consider the problem of finding suitable starting values for the EM algorithm in the fitting of finite mixture models to multivariate data. Given that the likelihood equation often has multiple roots for mixture models, the choice of starting values requires careful consideration. Attention is focussed here on the use of principal components to provide suitable starting values in this context. Examples are presented which involve the clustering of two real data sets.
ANTIBIOTICS PROPHYLAXIS A BOON TO DENTISTRY: BRIEF REVIEW

Antibiotic prophylaxis refers to the prevention of infection complications using antimicrobial therapy (most commonly antibiotics). Antibiotics are frequently used in dental practice. Patients should be selected for prophylaxis if the medical condition or the surgical procedure is associated with a considerable risk of infection Clinical and bacteriological epidemiological factors determine the indications of antibiotics in dentistry. Antibiotics are used in addition to appropriate treatment to aid the host defences in the elimination of remaining bacteria. It is indicated when there is evidence of clinical sign involvement and spread of infection. Antibiotics are prescribed in dental practice for treating odontogenic infections, non-odontogenic infections, as prophylaxis against focal and local infection. Special care needs to be addressed to patients with organ transplants, poorly controlled diabetes and pregnancy. Antibiotics should be used only as an adjunct to dental treatment and never alone as the first line of care. The present paper reviews antibiotics prophylaxis in dental practice.
Design of an Ideal Low Pass Microstrip Line Filter Using the Defected Ground Structure

A design and simulation for low pass microstrip line filter with defected ground structure has been researched, the main purpose is with the simplest method to design an ideal low pass filter. In this paper, simulated soft (Ansoft HFSS V.6.0) used to be simulated the frequency response under different geometric shape of DGS. The results show good performance of a low pass filter with DGS. Final, a low pass filter with DGS design and fabricated, The properties are shown as flow: center-frequency: 7.28G, S21:-47dB, cut-off frequency: 5.88GHz.
Cobalt and its compounds (as inhalable dusts or aerosols)

with a smaller number of animals (20 per group) in female rats (Steinhoff and Mohr 1991). The results indicate that cobalt enhances the carcinogenic effect of benzo( a )pyrene and are to be considered in conjunction with the inhibition of DNA repair by cobalt ions (see below).
Gait Biomechanics in Individuals Meeting Sufficient Quadriceps Strength Cutoffs After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

Context: Quadriceps weakness is associated with disability and aberrant gait biomechanics after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Strength-sufficiency cutoff scores, which normalize quadriceps strength to the mass of an individual, can predict who will report better function after ACLR. However, whether gait biomechanics differ between individuals who meet a strength-sufficiency cutoff (strong) and those who do not (weak) remains unknown. Objective: To determine whether vertical ground reaction force, knee-flexion angle, and internal knee-extension moment differ throughout the stance phase of walking between individ- uals with strong and those with weak quadriceps after ACLR. Design: Case-control study. Setting: Laboratory. Patients or Other Participants: Individuals who underwent unilateral ACLR . 12 months before testing were dichotomized into strong (n ¼ 31) and weak (n ¼ 116) groups. Main Outcome Measures: Maximal isometric quadriceps strength was measured at 90 8 of knee flexion using an isokinetic dynamometer and normalized to body mass. Individuals who demonstrated maximal isometric quadriceps strength (cid:2) 3.0 N (cid:3) m (cid:3) kg (cid:4) 1 were considered strong. Three-dimensional gait biomechanics were collected at a self-selected walking speed. Biomechanical data were time normalized to 100% of stance phase. Vertical ground reaction force was normalized to body weight (BW), and knee-extension moment was normalized to BW 3 height. Pairwise comparison functions were calculated for each outcome to identify between-groups differences for each percentile of stance. Results: Vertical ground reaction force was greater in the weak group for the first 22% of stance (peak mean difference [MD] ¼ 6.2% BW) and less in the weak group between 36% and 43% of stance (MD ¼ 1.4% BW). Knee-flexion angle was greater (ie, more flexion) in the strong group between 6% and 52% of stance (MD ¼ 2.3 8 ) and smaller (ie, less flexion) between 68% and 79% of stance (MD ¼ 1.0 8 ). Knee-extension moment was greater in the strong group between 7% and 62% of stance (MD ¼ 0.007 BW 3 height). Conclusions: Individuals with ACLR who generated knee-extension torque (cid:2) 3.0 N (cid:3) m (cid:3) kg (cid:4) 1 exhibited different biomechanical gait profiles than those who could not. More strength may allow for better energy attenuation after ACLR.
Transformed Follicular Lymphoma: Is Early Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation Indicated in the Modern Era?

Transformation of follicular lymphoma (FL) is associated with an aggressive course and rapid decline in survival. Inclusion of auto logous stem cell transplant (auto-SCT) in the initial treatment of transformed FL (tFL) has been investigated; but most studies pre-date the widespread use of rituximab. The role of early auto- SCT in the current immunotherapy era is not established. This study reports the outcomes of 105 patients with tFL treated at a single institution between 1994 and 2009. 24 patients underwent auto-SCT in first remission. Rituximab was part of the initial therapy for tFL in 86%, and 56% were chemotherapy naïve at transformation. Median follow-up was 44 months. The 2-year and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates for all patients were 78% and 65%, respectively. Survival did not differ among those patients who underwent auto-SCT (PFS 42% and OS 74% at 5 years) compared to those who did not (PFS 30% and OS 63% at 5 years). Age over 60 was associated with worse OS. In conclusion, we did not observe a benefit in PFS or OS when auto-SCT was included in the initial therapy of tFL.
FRC-QE: a robust and comparable 3D microscopy image quality metric for cleared organoids

Summary: Here, we propose Fourier ring correlation-based quality estimation (FRC-QE) as a new metric for automated image quality estimation in 3D ﬂuorescence microscopy acquisitions of cleared organoids that yields comparable measurements across experimental replicates, clearing protocols and works for different microscopy modalities. Availability and implementation: FRC-QE is written in ImgLib2/Java and provided as an easy-to-use and macro-scriptable plugin for Fiji. Code, documentation, sample images and further information can be found under https:/
Effect of L-000845704, an (cid:1) V (cid:2) 3 Integrin Antagonist, on Markers of Bone Turnover and Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Osteoporotic Women

The (cid:1) V (cid:2) 3 integrin (vitronectin receptor) plays a pivotal role in bone resorption. We hypothesized that L-000845704, an (cid:1) V (cid:2) 3 integrin antagonist, would potently inhibit bone resorption, thereby increasing bone mass as assessed by bone mineral density (BMD) in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis. In a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-con-trolled, 12-month study, 227 women (average 63 yr) with low lumbar spine or femoral neck BMD were randomly assigned to receive 100 or 400 mg L-000845704 once daily (qd), 200 mg L-000845704 twice daily (bid), or placebo. L-000845704 increased lumbar spine BMD (2.1, 3.1, and 3.5% for the 100-mg- qd,400-mg-qd,and200-mg-bidtreatmentgroups,respectively, vs. (cid:3) 0.1% for placebo; P < 0.01 all treatments vs. placebo). Only 200mgL-000845704bidsignificantlyincreasedBMDatthehip (1.7 vs. 0.3% for placebo; P < 0.03) and femoral neck (2.4 vs. 0.7% for placebo; P < 0.05). No L-000845704 group increased total body BMD. All doses of L-000845704 resulted in a similar ap- proximately 42% decrease from baseline of N-telopeptide cross-links ( P < 0.001 vs. placebo). L-000845704 was generally well tolerated; adverse events resulting in discontinuation from the study were relatively infrequent. In conclusion, the antiresorptive effect of the (cid:1) V (cid:2) 3 integrin antagonist L-000845704 translated into significant increases in lumbar spine BMD. Furthermore, 200 mg L-000845704 bid provided efficacy at the hip sites. These data suggest that the (cid:1) V (cid:2) 3 integrinantagonistL-000845704couldbedevelopedasan effective therapeutic agent for osteoporosis. ( J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90: 2022–2028, 2005)
Host susceptibility to severe COVID-19: a retrospective analysis of 487 case outside Wuhan

Background: The recent outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 infection results in a considerable morbidity and mortality, mainly in China. The study is to investigate the intrinstic features of infected patients that associated with severe type of this disease. Method: A total of 487 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients were included in analysis. The demographic and epidemiological of patients representing as mild and severe at admission were compared. A step-wise multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to identify significant risk factors associated with severe COVID-19 . A score systemc incorporating risk factors was established for risk stratification and validated in a small cohort during in-hospital follow-up. Results: Of all patients, 49 (10.1%) cases are severe at admission. Severe cases are elder [56(17) vs. 45(19), P<0.001), with more male (73.5% vs. 50.9%, P=0.003). They have a higher incidence of hypertension (53.1% vs. 16.7%, P<0.001), diabetes (14.3% vs. 5.0%, P=0.009), cardiovascular diseases (8.2% vs. 1.6%, P=0.003) and malignancy (4.1% vs. 0.7%, P=0.025), and less exposure to epidemic area (49.0% vs. 65.1%, P=0.027), but more infected familiy members(P=0.031). On multivariate analysis, elder age, male and presence of hypertension are independently associated with severe disease at admission. A host risk score, incorporating age, sex and hypertension history, clearly stratifies risk of developing severe type of COVID-19 both in patients at admission and during in-hospital follow-up. Conclusions: Elder age, male and presence of hypertension are associated with host susceptibility to developing severe COVID-19. The host risk score may be a useful tool to identify high risk indiviuals but requires validation.
Impact of changes in imports and farmed salmon on wild-caught fish prices in Australia

In this study, we develop a dynamic Inverse Almost Ideal Demand System model to derive own- and cross-price flexibilities for wild-caught fish, Australian farmed salmon and imports of fresh and frozen fish. We find that the growth of fresh fish imports and Australian farmed salmon production have both individually had a significant negative impact on the prices received for Australian wild-caught species, particularly the lower valued species. Continued growth in imports and the farmed salmon sector may negatively impact prices and hence profitability in wild-caught fisheries in Australia in the future.