Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Occurrence and Removal of Pharmaceutical Contaminants in Urine: A Review

With the development of world economies and the continuous improvement of living standards, pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) have attracted significant attention because of their widespread detection in wastewater and the natural environment. Their biological toxicity, environmental persistence, and other hazardous characteristics might pose a threat to the ecological environment and human health. How to treat source-separated urine as a valuable recyclable resource has become a novel challenge. In this review, we briefly described the sources of pharmaceuticals, explored the various metabolic pathways of pharmaceuticals, and concluded that urinary excretion is the primary metabolic pathway of pharmaceuticals. Next, the current status of pharmaceutical contamination in human urine, sewage plants, and surface water was summarized. It is shown that the concentration of pharmaceuticals in human urine is usually 2–3 orders of magnitude higher than that in sewage plants and surface water. Then, the research progress of various technologies to treat pharmaceutical contaminants in urine was analyzed and compared, indicating the promise of advanced oxidation technologies to treat such wastewater, among which electrochemical oxidation has received widespread attention due to its advantages of cleanness, flexibility, and controllability. Therefore, the research progress of electrode materials and electrochemical technology to treat urine was reviewed, and finally, the future development direction was proposed, namely, coupling membrane treatment technology with intellectual development, which will help realize the scale and industrialization of source-separated urine treatment.
Socio-Economic Inequalities in the Double Burden of Malnutrition among under-Five Children: Evidence from 10 Selected Sub-Saharan African Countries

Background: Africa is unlikely to end hunger and all forms of malnutrition by 2030 due to public health problems such as the double burden of malnutrition (DBM). Thus, the aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of DBM and degree of socio-economic inequality in double burden of malnutrition among children under 5 years in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods: This study used multi-country data collected by the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) Program. Data for this analysis were drawn from the DHS women’s questionnaire focusing on children under 5 years. The outcome variable for this study was the double burden of malnutrition (DBM). This variable was computed from four indicators: stunting, wasting, underweight and overweight. Inequalities in DBM among children under 5 years were measured using concentration indices (CI). Results: The total number of children included in this analysis was 55,285. DBM was highest in Burundi (26.74%) and lowest in Senegal (8.80%). The computed adjusted Erreygers Concentration Indices showed pro-poor socio-economic child health inequalities relative to the double burden of malnutrition. The DBM pro-poor inequalities were most intense in Zimbabwe (−0.0294) and least intense in Burundi (−0.2206). Conclusions: This study has shown that across SSA, among under-five children, the poor suffer more from the DBM relative to the wealthy. If we are not to leave any child behind, we must address these socio-economic inequalities in sub-Saharan Africa.
Performance Evaluation of a Dynamic Signal Control System for Mixed Traffic Conditions Using Sparse Data

Dynamic signal control systems combine traditional traffic signals with an array of sensors to intelligently control vehicle and pedestrian traffic. Under mixed traffic conditions similar to that prevailing in India, where there are a variety of vehicle classes moving without lane discipline, implementation of such dynamic signal control systems is challenging. This is because automated sensors such as loop detectors used for data collection under homogeneous traffic conditions do not work well under mixed traffic conditions. Under such conditions, the possibility of utilizing sparse data obtained with respect to sampled travel times from different sensors is currently being explored. The present study focuses on developing a dynamic signal control system using sparse data collected using radio frequency identification (RFID) sensors under mixed traffic conditions. An existing delay equation was reformulated as an optimization problem for the dynamic signal control. The evaluation of the dynamic signal control system was carried out using a calibrated VISSIM microsimulation model. Python programming was used to integrate the dynamic signal control algorithm through the COM interface in VISSIM. The results indicated a good degree of improvement in overall average intersection delay of 12.6% compared to fixed time signal control. Thus, the proposed optimization method using delay from RFID sensors is suitable for implementing dynamic signal control under mixed traffic conditions.
RAREFACTIONS OF COMPOUND POINT PROCESSES

The Poisson process is regarded as a point process of rare events because of the classical result that the number of successes in a sequence of Bernoulli trials is asymptotically Poisson as the probability of a success tends to 0. It is shown that this rareness property of the Poisson process is characteristic of any infinitely divisible point process or random measure with independent increments. These processes and measures arise as limits of certain rarefactions of compound point processes: purely atomic random measures with uniformly null atom sizes. Examples include thinnings and partitions of point processes.
Design and implementation of dual‐leg generic converter for DC/AC grid integration

A newly designed generic photo‐voltaic (PV) DC‐DC/DC‐AC converter is for direct current (DC) grid or single‐phase alternating current (AC) grid integration. Main concept of the proposed converter is universal power conversion, and the same converter is used for DC‐DC/DC‐AC applications which also aiming for minimum redundancy because the proposed converter can be able to produce DC and AC output from the fixed/variable DC source. The proposed converter is designed with single‐stage dual leg topology, with a designed filter, and protection circuits are connected in output/grid side. The proposed circuit is compared with existing topologies, and comparative analyses are made in both chopper (DC‐DC) and inverter (DC‐AC) modes for universal or generic operation. Real‐time implementation of the proposed model is prepared for the power rating of 3.5 KW during inverter mode and 4 KW when same circuit working in chopper mode. Hardware results are obtained from the model from both chopper and inverter modes. Finally, correct applications, advantages, and future work are concluded in the last section.
Early Motor Developmental Milestones and Personality Traits in Midlife: A 50-Year Follow-Up Study

Background The purpose of this study was to investigate if infants’ age at attaining motor developmental milestones is associated with the big five personality traits 50 years later. Methods Mothers of 8395 infants from the Copenhagen Perinatal Cohort recorded a total of 12 motor developmental milestones during the first year of their infant’s life. Information on at least one milestone was available for 1307 singletons with adult follow-up scores on the NEO-Five-Factor Inventory. The mean age at personality testing was 50.1 years. Results Slower attainment of motor milestones was associated with increased neuroticism and lower conscientiousness in midlife. All 12 motor developmental milestones explained a total of 2.4% of the variance in neuroticism, while they explained 3.2% of the variance in conscientiousness. These results remained significant after adjustment for the included family and perinatal covariates, as well as adult intelligence. Discussion The personality trait of neuroticism is a general risk factor for psychopathology and has in young adulthood been found to be associated with early motor development. However, evidence on associations of motor developmental milestones with other personality traits has been non-existent. These findings suggest that delays in early motor development may not only characterise individuals with later psychopathology, including schizophrenia, but may also be associated with personality traits such as neuroticism and conscientiousness through the life course.
FtbZIP85 Is Involved in the Accumulation of Proanthocyanidin by Regulating the Transcription of FtDFR in Tartary Buckwheat

As a drought-tolerant crop, Tartary buckwheat survives under adverse environmental conditions, including drought stress. Proanthocyanidins (PAs) and anthocyanins are flavonoid compounds, and they participate in the regulation of resistance to both biotic and abiotic stresses by triggering genes’ biosynthesis of flavonoids. In this study, a basic leucine zipper, basic leucine zipper 85 (FtbZIP85), which was predominantly expressed in seeds, was isolated from Tartary buckwheat. Our study shows that the expressions of FtDFR, FtbZIP85 and FtSnRK2.6 were tissue-specific and located in both the nucleus and the cytosol. FtbZIP85 could positively regulate PA biosynthesis by binding to the ABA-responsive element (ABRE) in the promoter of dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (FtDFR), which is a key enzyme in the phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathway. Additionally, FtbZIP85 was also involved in the regulation of PA biosynthesis via interactions with FtSnRK2.6 but not with FtSnRK2.2/2.3. This study reveals that FtbZIP85 is a positive regulator of PA biosynthesis in TB.
The particulares of the hereditory renal polycystosis with children (information from science literature and own observation)

The article deals with features of polycystic kidney disease according to literature data and results of own clinical observations. Diagnostics of the disease is difficult and includes genetic consultation and complex examination of main clinical and instrumental indexes. The main in treatment is adequate renoprotective therapy, hemodialysis with further organ transplantation.
Microsatellite Instability Assay as a Potential Approach to Evaluate Genotoxicity: Lead Exposure in a Nestling Passerine Bird at the Stage of Intensive Erythropoiesis

Simple Summary This is the first case of an experimental study with a novel approach to analyze microsatellite instability (MSI) as a detection tool for genetic alterations in a wild population of birds, in this case for great tits (Parus major) being exposed to lead compounds. Although this preliminary study did not find any MSI in the analyzed microsatellite markers, it contributes to the examination of this molecular technique as a potentially applicable bioindication tool in ecotoxicological bird studies. We believe that certain issues should be considered in finding an explanation for our result. First, the exposure to lead was too low to induce genetic alterations. Second, the panel of microsatellite markers studied may have been unsusceptible to lead genotoxicity. Third, the time interval (5 days) between lead exposure and blood sampling for genetic analyses were too short to trigger genotoxicity. Further analyzes are needed to verify these findings and to evaluate the scope of application of the MSI analysis in wild bird population studies. Abstract Although many avian studies have investigated the toxic effects of lead on important biochemical and physiological processes, organ and system function, and behavior, studies evaluating the specific genotoxic effects of exposure to lead are scarce. Nowadays, rapid technological advances can provide new molecular techniques in this regard. In this study, as a novel approach in bird studies, we used a panel of ten microsatellite loci to investigate the microsatellite instability (MSI) in response to experimental lead intoxication in a common hole-nesting species, the great tit Parus major. For this purpose, an experiment based on an intentional single supplementation of a lead (II) acetate trihydrate compound was conducted, with the use of two different doses, applied to randomly chosen great tit nestlings from randomly selected broods, being at the stage of intensive erythropoiesis. Although this preliminary study did not find any MSI in the seven microsatellite markers retained for the final comparison, it contributes to the examination of this molecular technique in field conditions as being potentially applicable in ecotoxicological bird studies. We believe that certain issues should be considered in finding an explanation for our result. First, the single doses of lead used in this study may have been too weak to induce genetic instability. Second, the panel of microsatellite markers studied may have been unsusceptible to lead genotoxicity in general. Third, the relatively short time interval (5 days) between the experimental procedure (lead exposure) and the sampling of post-exposure material (blood) for genetic analyses could have limited the effect of lead genotoxicity. Further analyzes are needed to verify these findings and to evaluate the scope of application of the MSI analysis in wild bird population studies.
Calibration Strategy for Compact Polarimetric GNSS-R Instruments

Polarimetric global navigation satellite system reflectometry (GNSS-R) is being proposed by different teams as a solution to directly estimate soil moisture (SM). Up to date, two approaches using polarimetric GNSS-R have been proposed to estimate SM: using the ratio between the right- and left-hand circularly polarized received signals and using the ratio between the linear horizontal and vertical components at a set of incidence angles, known as hybrid compact polarimetry (HCP) GNSS-R. In this article, the necessary calibrations of a received HCP GNSS-R signal are presented. The Stokes parameters of the signal are required to compensate for all nonidealities. A methodology to calibrate the receiver (RX) effects, scene-antenna polarimetric misalignment, Faraday rotation, and transmitter (TX) nonidealities is proposed. Finally, the calibration performance is evaluated using several statistical parameters and polarimetric ratio models based on two different SM products. Results show a correlation coefficient increase of 4.7% with respect to the model derived from the SM active passive (SMAP) SM product and a 6.5% improvement with respect to the model derived from the European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Reanalysis v5 (ERA-5) monthly average SM product. Furthermore, the proposed calibrations show an unbiased root-mean-square error reduction of 6.3% and 6.8% for the SMAP SM model and the ERA-5 model, respectively. Due to the SMAP antenna and pointing design, SMAP Reflectometry (SMAP-R) is implicitly insensitive to some of the corrections. More significant corrections should be expected for future polarimetric GNSS-R instruments, such as the European Space Agency (ESA) HydroGNSS.
UAS‐Based Observations of Infrasound Directionality at Stromboli Volcano, Italy

Infrasound (low frequency sound waves) can be used to monitor and characterize volcanic eruptions. However, infrasound sensors are usually placed on the ground, thus providing a limited sampling of the acoustic radiation pattern that can bias source size estimates. We present observations of explosive eruptions from a novel uncrewed aircraft system (UAS)‐based infrasound sensor platform that was strategically hovered near the active vents of Stromboli volcano, Italy. We captured eruption infrasound from short‐duration explosions and jetting events. While potential vertical directionality was inconclusive for the short‐duration explosion, we find that jetting events exhibit vertical sound directionality that was observed with a UAS close to vertical. This directionality would not have been observed using only traditional deployments of ground‐based infrasound sensors, but is consistent with jet noise theory. This proof‐of‐concept study provides unique information that can improve our ability to characterize and quantify the directionality of volcanic eruptions and their associated hazards.
Geometry of transition to quantum gravity regime

It seems highly plausible that in changing from classical general relativity to the quantum gravity regime there is a stage at which in some regions classical regime still remains in power (and the size of these regions gradually shrinks to zero), whereas at some other places topological anomalies, changes of the metric signature, metric degeneracies, and so on, take over. The Lorentz metric behaviour in such situations is investigated in terms of the theory of differential spaces. It turns out that a Lorentz metric can locally exist on space-time (modeled by a differential space) only if the differential space in question can locally be immersed in a Minkowski space of a suitably large dimension
Equivalent sources methods for the numerical evaluation of magnetic force with extension to nonlinear materials

In this paper the equivalent sources methods, written in terms both of the actual and of the external field, are used for the computation of the total force in two-dimensional axisymmetric problems. A Finite Element modeling of the magnetizing currents as field sources is presented in order to improve the formulations using the external field. The numerical accuracy of all the proposed formulae is thoroughly checked on linear and nonlinear test examples.
Effectiveness of Nusinersen in Type 1, 2 and 3 Spinal Muscular Atrophy: Croatian Real-World Data

(1) Background: To investigate the real-world effectiveness and safety profile of nusinersen in Croatian paediatric and adult spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) patients. (2) Methods: A retrospective and anonymous collection of relevant demographic and clinical data for all Croatian SMA patients treated with nusinersen and reimbursed by the Croatian Health Insurance Fund (CHIF) between April 2018 and February 2022 was performed through searching the CHIF database and studying the associated reimbursement documentation. All patients who received at least one dose of nusinersen were included in the baseline clinical-demographic overview and safety analysis, whereas only subjects who had completed six doses were included in the effectiveness analysis. (3) Results: Fifty-two patients [61.5% male; median age 13.4 (0.1–51.1) yr. ] received nusinersen treatment. In SMA type 1 and type 3 paediatric patients, statistically significant motor function improvement (CHOP INTEND 10.8 ± 10.3 vs. 20.0 ± 15.8, p = 0.003; HFMSE 49.6 ± 7.9 vs. 53.1 ± 7.7, p = 0.008; respectively) was achieved immediately after 4 loading doses of nusinersen and remained statistically significant onwards. Average improvements in HFMSE motor performance in SMA type 2 patients after four, five, and six doses of nusinersen were +6.0, +10.5, and +11.0 points, respectively. In SMA type 3 adult patients, no significant improvement in RHS motor performance or the 6-Minute Walk Test (MWT) was demonstrated. During the study period, 437 doses were administered without any new safety concerns appearing. (4) Conclusions: Our RWD findings indicate that nusinersen is an effective and safe treatment in a heterogeneous group of paediatric patients with all types of SMA; however, no significant benefit (but only RHS and 6MWT maintenance) was demonstrated in SMA type 3 patients who started nusinersen after >18 years of age.
Application on Knowledge Management of Government Based on Wiki

One important function of modern government is public service,the maturity construction of public service will drive the development of e-government.One key factor of ensuring the quality of public service is knowledge management.By analyzing the requirement of knowledge management in public service of e-government and the function of knowledge management in Wiki,the authors put forward the workflow in the government-class Wiki application and Wiki-based knowledge management platform model in government,and conceive the application of Wiki in Knowledge Management of national/provincial E-government Intranet.
Standardization of interval grey number and research on its prediction modeling and application

With the limitations of algorithm rule of interval grey numbers,the algebraic operations between interval grey numbers will lead the results to be more and more greyer,so it is difficult to effectively build a grey prediction model based on interval grey numbers.Therefore,the interval grey number is divided into "white part" and "grey part" based on real number form by standardizing interval grey numbers,and grey prediction models are established.Then the prediction model of the primary interval grey number is deduced and reverted.Finally,this model is used to forecast the number of urban migrant workers and obtain an excellent effect,and the results show the effectiveness and practicability of the proposed model.
Phytochemicals, Bioactive Properties and Commercial Potential of Calamondin (Citrofortunella microcarpa) Fruits: A Review

The calamondin (Citrofortunella microcarpa) is a hybrid citrus fruit resulting from the crossing of a mandarin orange with a kumquat. It is a small, round-shaped fruit with thin, smooth skin ranging from orange to dark red. The aroma of the fruit is distinctive and unique. Calamondin is an excellent source of Vitamin C, D-Limonene, and essential oils, providing benefits to the immune system, as well as anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-angiogenic, and anti-cancer properties, and it exhibits various therapeutic effects. It also contains a good amount of dietary fiber from pectin. Its distinctive flavor and high juice content make calamondin juice a popular ingredient in many international cuisines. The juice also contains bioactive compounds, such as phenolics and flavonoids, which are a potential source of antioxidant properties. All parts of the calamondin fruit, including the juice, pulp, seeds, and peel, can be used in various applications, from food products like juices, powders, and candies to non-food uses in herbal medicine and cosmetics, showcasing their versatility and unique properties. This review will examine various bioactive components of calamondin and their related medicinal effects, and provide guidelines for their utilization, processing, and value addition on a commercial scale.
An autonomic resource management system for energy efficient and quality of service aware resource scheduling in cloud environment

Efficient utilization of resources is a challenging task in cloud computing due to heterogeneity of resources and fluctuating resource demands of multifarious applications. This article presents an autonomic resource allocation approach for energy efficient utilization of resources while satisfying QoS needs of the end‐users. The proposed approach is based on antlion optimization and makes use of resource utilization history for autonomic allocation and efficient use of resources. It can operate in one of the three different modes namely, energy‐saving, performance, and balanced mode depending on the projected workload of an application. The performance analysis of the proposed approach is carried out in CloudSim simulator under different workload conditions.