Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stage-Specific Brain Aging in First-Episode Schizophrenia and Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia

Abstract Background Brain age is a popular brain-based biomarker that offers a powerful strategy for using neuroscience in clinical practice. We investigated the brain-predicted age difference (PAD) in patients with schizophrenia (SCZ), first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorders (FE-SSDs), and treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) using structural magnetic resonance imaging data. The association between brain-PAD and clinical parameters was also assessed. Methods We developed brain age prediction models for the association between 77 average structural brain measures and age in a training sample of controls (HCs) using ridge regression, support vector regression, and relevance vector regression. The trained models in the controls were applied to the test samples of the controls and 3 patient groups to obtain brain-based age estimates. The correlations were tested between the brain PAD and clinical measures in the patient groups. Results Model performance indicated that, regardless of the type of regression metric, the best model was support vector regression and the worst model was relevance vector regression for the training HCs. Accelerated brain aging was identified in patients with SCZ, FE-SSDs, and TRS compared with the HCs. A significant difference in brain PAD was observed between FE-SSDs and TRS using the ridge regression algorithm. Symptom severity, the Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale, chlorpromazine equivalents, and cognitive function were correlated with the brain PAD in the patient groups. Conclusions These findings suggest additional progressive neuronal changes in the brain after SCZ onset. Therefore, pharmacological or psychosocial interventions targeting brain health should be developed and provided during the early course of SCZ.
Development of an Interactive PowerPoint for Training Early Age Athletes in Chess Openings

This study intends to develop a product to train early-age athletes at the Malang Gajahmada Chess Association (PCGM) in the form of PowerPoints and websites. This product can assist athletes in learning and memorising chess openings, which is a useful tactic in chess games. The research approach employed is research and development. The following is the study’s progression: first, analysis of development requirements by observation and interviews with up to 15 athletes. This is followed by product design and a validation test by media end material experts. Based on the results, the product is revised, and four athlete small group trials are conducted along with 11 athlete large group trials. The final products are developed based on the findings of the requirements and analysis of observations and interviews. The early-age athletes at PCGM require the chess opening exercises urgently. Based on the recapitulation findings, the material expert gave a score of 90%, and the media expert gave a 95%, indicating that it was declared valid and worthy of testing in small and large groups. The trial findings indicated that the small group trials obtained a score of 95%, while the large group trials received a score of 97.81%. The chess opening training media development product in the form of PowerPoints is particularly valid and suitable for PCGM early childhood athletes, according to validation and group trial findings. Keywords: early age athletes; training media; chess openings
Flooding in Nigeria, towards prioritizing mental health and psychosocial support

In the past decade, Nigeria has been experiencing worsening flooding. Beyond the physical injuries caused, it can impact the mental health of affected individuals. While new mental health disorders can emerge, exacerbation of preexisting mental conditions are common in the aftermath of flooding. Therefore, it is critical to integrate mental health and psychosocial support as part of the emergency response available to affected populations on both short-term and long-term basis.
The Use of Crisis Services Following the Mass School Shooting in Uvalde, Texas: Quasi-Experimental Event Study

Background Mass shootings result in widespread psychological trauma for survivors and members of the affected community. However, less is known about the broader effects of indirect exposure (eg, media) to mass shootings. Crisis lines offer a unique opportunity to examine real-time data on the widespread psychological effects of mass shootings. Objective Crisis Text Line is a not-for-profit company that provides 24/7 confidential SMS text message–based mental health support and crisis intervention service. This study examines changes in the volume and composition of firearm-related conversations at Crisis Text Line before and after the mass school shooting at Robb Elementary School on May 24, 2022, in Uvalde, Texas. Methods A quasi-experimental event study design was used to compare the actual volume of firearm-related conversations received by Crisis Text Line post shooting to forecasted firearm conversation volume under the counterfactual scenario that a shooting had not occurred. Conversations related to firearms were identified among all conversations using keyword searches. Firearm conversation volume was predicted using a seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average model trained on the 3 months of data leading up to the shooting. Additionally, proportions of issue tags (topics coded post conversation by volunteer crisis counselors at Crisis Text Line after the exchange) were compared in the 4 days before (n=251) and after (n=417) the shooting to assess changes in conversation characteristics. The 4-day window was chosen to reflect the number of days conversation volume remained above forecasted levels. Results There was a significant increase in the number of conversations mentioning firearms following the shooting, with the largest spike (compared to forecasted numbers) occurring the day after the shooting (n=159) on May 25, 2022. By May 28, the volume reverted to within the 95% CI of the forecasted volume (n=77). Within firearm conversations, “grief” issue tags showed a significant increase in proportion in the week following the shooting, while “isolation/loneliness,” “relationships,” and “suicide” issue tags showed a significant decrease in proportions the week following the shooting. Conclusions The results suggest that the Uvalde school shooting may have contributed to an increase in demand for crisis services, above what would be expected given historical trends. Additionally, we found that these firearm-related crises conversations immediately post event are more likely to be related to grief and less likely to be related to suicide, loneliness, and relationships. Our findings provide some of the first data showing the real-time repercussions for the broader population exposed to school shooting events. This work adds to a growing evidence base documenting and measuring the rippling effects of mass shootings outside of those directly impacted.
Pistis: Replay Attack and Liveness Detection for Gait-Based User Authentication System on Wearable Devices Using Vibration

Wearable devices-based biometrics has become mainstream in the biometric domain, especially in mobile computing, due to its convenience, flexibility, and potentially high user acceptance. Among various modalities, wearable devices-based gait recognition has been recognized as an effective user authentication method and employed in various applications, such as automated entry systems for home, school, work, vehicles, and automated ticket payment/validation for public transport. However, how secure wearable gait remains an open research question. In this study, we conduct a comprehensive security analysis of the wearable gait. Then, we demonstrate that gait itself is not robust against some attacking methods, such as spoofing or forgery. Therefore, we argue that an anti-spoofing mechanism is important for enhancing the security of wearable gait biometric systems. To this end, we proposed a novel authentication protocol called $Pistis$ that embedded gait biometrics and a liveness detection mechanism that is aiming to detect various attacks of gait authentication systems. Our extensive experiments based on 50 subjects demonstrate that $Pistis$ is effective in liveness detection and authentication performance enhancement, providing 100% accuracy for human and nonhuman detection, and 99.53% accuracy for user authentication. Pistis can be used as a liveness detection method for wearable devices-based biometrics, significantly for wearable gait.
A Conjecture on the Role of Bottom-Enhanced Diapycnal Mixing in the Parameterization of Geostrophic Eddies

The parameterization of geostrophic eddies represents a large sink of energy in most ocean models, yet the ultimate fate of this eddy energy in the ocean remains unclear. The authors conjecture that a significant fraction of the eddy energy may be transferred to internal lee waves and oscillations over rough bottom topography, leading to bottom-enhanced diapycnal mixing. A range of circumstantial evidence in support of this conjecture is presented and discussed. The authors further propose a modification to the Gent and McWilliams eddy parameterization to account for the bottom-enhanced diapycnal mixing.
RANDOM WALKS ON d-DIMENSIONAL COMB LATTICES

Discrete time random walks on d-dimensional comb lattices are studied by analytical techniques for every integer d ≥ 1, both in unbiased and biased regime. We obtain a closed expression for the spectral dimension as a function of the embedding space dimension d, showing that it is always less than 2. We then calculate the exact asymptotic behavior of various quantities related to diffusion and show that they can all be expressed in terms of .
A STUDY ON DETERMINING THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN CONSUMER INNOVATIVENESS AND SHOPPING STYLES

The success of businesses that offer new products to the market is possible by appealing to consumers who can adapt and use these innovations. Innovative consumers adopted innovations faster than other consumers can be considered a target market for these businesses. To reach innovators and respond to their needs, it is necessary to examine how they behave. Consumers’ shopping style is one of the variables considered to evaluate their behavior. Therefore, businesses targeting innovative consumers can develop successful marketing strategies by determining their shopping styles. From this point of view, this research is aimed to determine the relationships between the innovativeness of consumers and their shopping styles. For this purpose, the study was conducted in Giresun. Based on the results, various suggestions were offered for researchers and practitioners. University students were preferred in the sample selection by considering both the Consumer Style Inventory (CSI), which was developed to quantify shopping styles, and the studies in the literature. The data obtained from 386 students at Giresun University were collected using a survey and analyzed via SPSS 23.0 statistical program. Factor and correlation analysis were used to analyze the data. The study findings indicated that there were significant relationships between cognitive innovativeness and quality and price consciousness in shopping styles. There were also substantial relationships between sensory innovativeness and fashion consciousness and impulsiveness in shopping styles. Accordingly, cognitive innovators consider the products’ price and quality at shopping whereas sensory innovators pay attention to the products’ trendiness and do unplanned buying.
THE ACS SURVEY OF GALACTIC GLOBULAR CLUSTERS. VI. NGC 6366: A HEAVILY STRIPPED GALACTIC GLOBULAR CLUSTER

We have used observations obtained as part of the Hubble Space Telescope/ACS Survey of Galactic globular clusters (GCs) to construct a color–magnitude diagram for the bulge cluster, NGC 6366. The luminosity function derived from those data extends to MF606W ∼ 9, or masses of ∼0.3 M☉. Unlike most GCs, the mass function peaks near the main-sequence turnoff with significantly fewer low-mass stars even after correction for completeness and mass segregation. Using a multimass King model, we extrapolate the global cluster behavior and find the global mass function to be poorly matched by a power law, with a particular deficit of stars with masses between 0.5 and 0.7 M☉. We briefly discuss this interesting anomaly within the context of tidal stripping.
Diseño de una antena MIMO para dispositivos móviles 5G

Se presenta el dise˜no de una antena MIMO con elemento de microcinta rectangular con l´ınea de alimentaci´on insertada dise˜nado para dispositivos m´oviles 5G a la frecuencia 28 GHz. La antena esta impresa sobre sustrato Neltec NY9220 de 0.508 mm de espesor, permitividad relativa igual a 2.2 y p´erdida tangencial de 0.0009. La geometr´ıa de la antena MIMO presenta un doblez en la secci´on de la l´ınea de alimentaci´on para su instalaci´on en los terminales m´oviles. Se presentan los par´ametros de desempe˜no de la antena MIMO obtenidos con el software de simulaci´on electromagn´etico HFSS de Ansys. La separaci´on adecuada entre los dos elementos para un m´aximo aislamiento electromagn´etico es de 3 cuartos de longitud de onda, es decir, de 8.036 mm, para la cual el coeficiente de transmisi´on entre puertos alcanza -25
Evaluating the efficacy of various traps in catching tsetse flies at Nech Sar and Maze National Parks, Southwestern Ethiopia: An Implication for Trypanosoma Vector Control

Tsetse flies are the vector of protozoan parasite of the genus Trypanosoma, the causative agent of human African sleeping sickness and animal trypanosomiasis. Traps such as Nguruman (NGU), biconical and sticky traps are in use for tsetse flies sampling and monitoring. However, there is no evidence regarding their comparative efficiency in catching flies using olfactory cues. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of different types of traps in catching tsetse flies at Nech Sar and Maze National Parks, Southwestern Ethiopia. The study was done for six consecutive months from February to July 2019. Briefly, a 3×4 Latin square design was performed, and tsetse flies were collected for three days each month in four different vegetation types, including wood grassland, bush land, forest, and riverine forest. To avoid trapping position bias, rotation of traps has been done every day. Almost all (99.5%) of the flies were Glossina pallidipes and the remaining were G. fuscipes. The latter were present only at Maze national park. NGU traps were the most efficient type with 12.1 flies/trap/day at Nech Sar National Park and it was 2.2 flies/trap/day at Maze National Park followed by biconical and sticky traps. The number of tsetse flies collected by biconical trap was three-fold lower than NGU trap, and it was four-fold lower in sticky trap than NGU trap in both Nech Sar and Maze National Parks. A substantial number (41%) of G. pallidipes were collected from woody grassland (WGL). In conclusion, G. pallidipes monitoring and evaluation activities could consider NGU trap model as it performed better in most vegetation types in the region.
Stochastic action of dynamical systems on curved manifolds. The geodesic interpolation

Dynamical systems on curved manifolds, with a Lagrangian at most quadratic in the velocity, are considered. The classical action functional, on some finite time interval, is well defined for any smooth trial trajectory in configuration space. The action functional is at the basis of Lagrangian variational principles, from which all dynamical properties of the system can be derived. Here the problem of extending the action functional from the smooth deterministic trajectories of classical mechanics to the very irregular random trajectories of diffusions in configuration space is considered. In this way the action becomes a functional of the trial diffusion processes and can be put at the basis of stochastic variational principles. Since the problem is beset with ultraviolet divergences, the general strategy of renormalization theory is followed, by regularizing the trial diffusion processes through piecewise smooth geodesic lines for a generic given connection on the manifold. After cutoff removal and infi.
Evolution of the chromospheres and winds of low- and intermediate-mass giant stars

Results are presented of an empirical analysis of the global thermodynamical requirements of the winds in the outer atmospheres of a representative sample of red giant stars of low- and intermediate-mass range. Results indicate that the mass-loss rates in these stars are not strongly dependent on the actual physical processes driving the winds. It is suggested that nonlinear processes act to regulate wind energy fluxes. Possible mechanisms responsible for the chromospheric heating and the mass loss in the low- and intermediate-mass giant stars are discussed. 151 refs.
Organic Nitrogen Supplementation Increases Vegetative and Reproductive Biomass in a Versatile White Rot Fungus

The Black Poplar Mushroom Cyclocybe aegerita (syn. Agrocybe aegerita) is a white-rot fungus that naturally fruits from woody substrates, including buried wood. It is known for its substrate versatility and is equipped with a respective carbohydrate-active enzyme repertoire being intermediate between typical white-rot fungi and plant litter decomposers. Given relative nitrogen scarcity in wood, mobilization of nitrogen from surrounding litter is known as a way to meet nitrogen requirements for cellular homeostasis and reproduction of wood decay fungi. However, the effect of added nitrogen on vegetative and reproductive biomass has not yet been studied in a uniform minimalistic laboratory setup. For C. aegerita, such a growth and fruiting setup has been developed. In the present study, this white-rot fungus has been grown with and without additional β-adenosine, an organic nitrogen source present in plant litter. Elevated β-adenosine levels increased aerial mycelium weight by 30% (1 × β-adenosine) and 55% (10 × β-adenosine), reproductive biomass by 75% (1 × β-adenosine) and by 100% (10 × β-adenosine), number of primordia by 127% (10 × β-adenosine) and accelerated primordium formation by 1.6 days (10 × β-adenosine), compared to the control treatment. These findings imply that C. aegerita invests additional organic nitrogen resources into direct vegetative and reproductive biomass build-up at the same time. Colonization of niches with accessory nitrogen sources, like buried wood, which is near the plant litter layer, may thus provide an evolutionary fitness advantage. Globally anthropogenically altered nitrogen dynamics may affect hyphal-driven processes as well as fruit body-driven food webs.
Slow and fast states induced by hot electrons at Si‐SiO2 interface

The kinetics of formation of both fast and slow states at the Si‐SiO2 interface during avalanche injection is carefully examined on Al gate, wet oxide metal‐oxide‐silicon capacitors. They are both found to approach exponentially a saturation value. The annealing behavior of fast and slow states is examined by means of isochronal heat treatments. They can be annihilated at temperatures lower than 600 °K with similar activation energies. Correlations between slow and fast states are discussed. The instability of flatband voltage after avalanche injection due to the presence of slow states is characterized at various temperatures and electric fields. A process involving thermal activated hopping (Continuous Time Random Walk Model) among the slow states may be invoked in order to explain the experimental data.
Subpicosecond pulse generation at 134GHz using a quantum-dash-based Fabry-Perot laser emitting at 1.56μm

We demonstrate passive mode locking in one-section monolithic semiconductor laser diodes based on quantum-dash active layer at very high repetition rate in the 1. 5μm window. Transform-limited pulses are generated at 134GHz with subpicosecond width, without any pulse compression scheme. A 50kHz linewidth of the radio-frequency spectrum is also demonstrated at 42GHz, the lowest value reported for any passively mode-locked semiconductor laser. We further show that the saturable absorption section in two-section devices has no significant impact on the mode-locking behavior.
Bifurcation in gravity waves

A new method is proposed for the calculation of gravity waves on deep water. This is based on some recently discovered quadratic identities between the Fourier coefficients an in Stokes's expansion. The identities are shown to be derivable from a cubic potential function, which in turn is related to the Lagrangian of the motion. A criterion for the bifurcation of uniform waves into a series of steady waves of non-uniform amplitude is expressed by the vanishing of a particular determinant with elements which are linear combinations of the coefficients an. The critical value of the wave steepness for the symmetric bifurcations discovered by Chen & Saffman (1980) are verified. It is shown that a truncated scheme consisting of only the coefficients a0, a1 and a2 already exhibits Class 2 bifurcation, and similarly for Class 3. Asymmetric bifurcations are also discussed. A recent suggestion by Tanaka (1983) that gravity waves exhibit a Class 1 bifurcation at the point of maximum energy is shown to be incorrect.
X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Magnetic and Dielectric Studies of PbFe1/2Nb1/2O3 Single Crystals

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), magnetic and dielectric studies were performed for flux grown PbFe 1/2 Nb 1/2 O 3 (PFN) single crystals. The core level XPS spectra show that the Pb, Nb and O ions exist in one valence state while Fe ions in two Fe 2+ and Fe 3+ states. Temperature dependences of magnetic susceptibility reveals maximum at 10 K (ZFC) and anomaly at T N = 156 K related to AFM-PM transition. Dielectric and pyroelectric studies point to two ferroelectric phase transitions at 356 K and 376 K. The influence of appearance of the Fe 2+ state on magnetic and semiconductor properties of PFN is discussed.
Impacto del COVID-19

Objetivo: Analizar los riesgos psicosociales sufridos durante la pandemia por docentes. Método: Análisis descriptivo correlaciones y de comparación de medias. Muestra: 265 docentes no universitarios. Instrumentos: Cuestionario validado extraído de UNIPSICO Battery, Evaluación del Burnout- BAT y Escala de Inseguridad Laboral y cuestionario ad-hoc para medir recursos, información, medidas e impacto. Resultados: Inequidad seguido de sobrecarga son los mayores riesgos. Perciben falta de justicia organizacional, conflicto de rol e interpersonal, mayor carga de trabajo. Apoyo social alto. Recursos, información y medidas insuficientes y un impacto moderado-alto en su desempeño profesional. Valores no significativos en cuanto a burnout y salud.
DNA–TCP complex structures reveal a unique recognition mechanism for TCP transcription factor families

Abstract Plant-specific TCP transcription factors are key regulators of diverse plant functions. TCP transcription factors have long been annotated as basic helix–loop–helix (bHLH) transcription factors according to remote sequence homology without experimental validation, and their consensus DNA-binding sequences and protein–DNA recognition mechanisms have remained elusive. Here, we report the crystal structures of the class I TCP domain from AtTCP15 and the class II TCP domain from AtTCP10 in complex with different double-stranded DNA (dsDNA). The complex structures reveal that the TCP domain is a distinct DNA-binding motif and the homodimeric TCP domains adopt a unique three-site recognition mode, binding to dsDNA mainly through a central pair of β-strands formed by the dimer interface and two basic flexible loops from each monomer. The consensus DNA-binding sequence for class I TCPs is a perfectly palindromic 11 bp (GTGGGNCCCAC), whereas that for class II TCPs is a near-palindromic 11 bp (GTGGTCCCCAC). The unique DNA binding mode allows the TCP domains to display broad specificity for a range of DNA sequences even shorter than 11 bp, adding further complexity to the regulatory network of plant TCP transcription factors.