Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nanostructured Titanium Dioxide for Functional Coatings Nanostructured Titanium Dioxide for Functional Coatings

Synthesis routes to nanostructured titanium dioxides (spherical nanoparticles, nano- tubes, mesostructure) have been studied. Their potential applications in various fields based on coating technology have been explored, i.e., dye-sensitized solar cells (using ruthenium sensitizer and some results of natural dyes), photocatalysts for self-cleaning films (TiO 2 on textiles), antibacterial coating for multifunctional textiles (TiO 2 -SiO 2 on cotton), and recent result on antifouling coating on wood. The synthesis/preparation procedures were developed to obtain green protocols based on combined techniques of hydro- or solvo-thermal (templated, seeded, deposition), sol–gel (templated, room temperature, dip coating), and solvent-casting techniques. Discussion on the properties and synthesis mechanism is presented. It will be shown that sonication has important role to shorten the preparation of nanotube titania and has been proposed as one green synthe- sis route. The changing of morphology of titanium dioxide has presented unexpected results to the shifting of photoactivity into visible irradiation.
Health beneﬁts and costs of ﬁltration interventions that reduce indoor exposure to PM2.5 during wildﬁres

Increases in hospital admissions and deaths are associated with increases in outdoor air particles during wildﬁres. This analysis estimates the health beneﬁts expected if interventions had improved particle ﬁltration in homes in Southern California during a 10-day period of wildﬁre smoke exposure. Economic beneﬁts and intervention costs are also estimated. The six interventions implemented in all aﬀected houses are projected to prevent 11% to 63% of the hospital admissions and 7% to 39% of the deaths attributable to wildﬁre particles. The fraction of the population with an admission attributable to wildﬁre smoke is small, thus, the costs of interventions in all homes far exceeds the economic beneﬁts of reduced hospital admissions. However, the estimated economic value of the prevented deaths exceed or far exceed intervention costs for interventions that do not use portable air cleaners. For the interventions with portable air cleaner use, mortality-related economic beneﬁts exceed intervention costs as long as the cost of the air cleaners, which have a multi-year life, are not attributed to the short wildﬁre period. Cost eﬀectiveness is improved by intervening only in the homes of the elderly who experience most of the health eﬀects of particles from wildﬁres. ﬁltration systems continuously during periods of wildﬁre smoke exposure is recommended.
Contexts: a formalization and some applications

Traditionally, logical formulas (and other structures) used in representation are supposed to be objective, decontextualized truths. In reality, however, they have many contextual aspects. Representations often assume a context of use, the assumptions they make depend on the context in which they were created, etc. The notion of "context" appears in many guises across a wide spectrum of problems in AI. These contextual subtleties are usually ignored or explicitly put aside to keep matters simple. This thesis attempts to remedy this situation by formalizing and developing several applications for contexts. We incorporate contexts as rich objects in a first-order framework, extending the logic (semantics and proof theory) as required. The basic change to first order logic is that formulas are not just true or false, they are true or false in some context. The most common context-related operation is to lift a formula from one context into another. Doing this requires relative (partial) decontextualization. We present a formal definition of this operation and develop a set of general axioms to handle most of the common cases of relative decontextualization. We introduce the notions of entering a context and problem solving within a context. We show that the mechanism of contexts can be used to simplify representation and to integrate theories/data bases that make different assumptions and simplifications. We also briefly discuss the use of contexts for viewing natural language processing as a constraint resolution process. The discussions of the use of contexts employ a number of examples from Cyc, a large multi-domain common sense knowledge base.
A Fourier Approach to the Computation of Conditional Value-at-Risk and Optimized Certainty Equivalents

We consider the class of risk measures associated with optimized certainty equivalents. This class includes several popular examples, such as conditional value-at-risk (CVaR) and monotone mean–variance. Numerical schemes are developed for the computation of these risk measures using Fourier transform methods. This leads, in particular, to a very competitive method for the calculation of CVaR, which is comparable in computational time to the calculation of VaR. We also develop methods for the efficient computation of risk contributions.
PREGNANCY RELATED PELVIC GIRDLE PAIN AND RISK FACTORS

: Pelvic girdle pain is defined as pain which is musculoskeletal in origin over the anterior and posterior sides of pelvic region, between the posterior iliac crest and gluteal folds. Some definitions include lumbopelvic region without differentiating pelvic girdle pain from low back pain . A major methodological limitation with these studies is that they have not used the same guidelines to classify women with PPGP. Some studies used self-report measures alone, such as pain location drawings and questionnaires, while others added physical examination to the self-reported measures to confirm a classification of PPGP. Out of 280, 170 female had reported pelvic girdle pain. Previous history of low back pain any trauma or multipare are significant risk factors. Women with BMI > 30 had more pain as compared to health pregnant women. Female who had good educational background reported more pain with less physical activity. Female who were obese before pregnancy were more significant in PPGP. The visual analogue scale used to measure the pain reported that women who have complained more pain, suffered from depression and less satisfaction with work.
Omnidirectional Compact Dual-Band Antenna Based on Dual-Frequency Unequal Split Ring Resonators for WLAN and WiMAX Applications

An omnidirectional compact antenna based on dual-band Split Ring Resonators (SRRs) for 2.45 GHz wireless local area network (WLAN) and 3.5 GHz worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) applications is presented. Different and new properties of SRRs, such as dual-band or multi-band performance in the design of compact antennas, can be obtained by making the rings unequal and asymmetric. The dual-band SRR antenna is designed with a bandwidth control technique based on the stored electromagnetic energy in the resonator rings. The obtained results show that the SRR antenna has good omnidirectional radiation pattern for both bands and good impedance bandwidth. In addition, compactness and flexibility are obtained with a simple structure of the SRRs.
ASSESSMENT OF MATERNAL AND NEONATAL OUTCOMES OF PREGNANT WOMEN WITH GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS AT KING ABDULAZIZ MEDICAL CITY JEDDAH

This retrospective cohort study presented the factual findings on the maternal and neonatal outcomes of women diagnosed with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) in King Abdulaziz Medical City – Jeddah (KAMC-J). Differences in between women with GDM (n=214) to non-diabetic women (n=225) were assessed based on their pre-pregnancy status, delivery status and presented maternal and neonatal outcomes. Association of GDM to pre-pregnancy maternal characteristics, maternal and neonatal outcomes were also determined. This study found out that women with GDM had no significant difference in terms of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes as compared to non-diabetic. However, although the study findings represents the effective diabetes control and management as observed among GDM women managed in KAMC-J, still it’s undeniable that cases of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes are still presented in this study population and carries risks for the mother and neonate; and has been documented in local and international studies. It is therefore shown that the exact utility of diabetic control and management to eradicate completely the occurrence of associated maternal and neonatal outcomes is still undetermined. This study therefore recommended that multi-center study in a national perspective of this country is indeed necessary. To further evaluate the effectiveness of GDM management and to determine effective measures to prevent completely the maternal and neonatal adverse outcomes associated with GDM.
Tu et al. 2013. A critical evaluation of statistical approaches to examining the role of growth trajectories in the developmental origins of health and disease

Tu et al. 1 give a useful overview of several common approaches used to examine growth trajectories in relation to a later health outcome. One approach covered is the use of general linear models where the later health outcome is expressed as a function of several repeated measures of size (all or a subset up to a critical time), or of linear functions of size. In their paper, these are described as the life course plot model, change scores models 1 and 2 and the conditional (size) model. The authors highlight that different conclusions are drawn depending on the model specification. As an example, they show that the model specified in terms of size measures (the life course plot) finds negative associations of later systolic blood pressure (SBP) with early life weight, whereas the model containing birthweight and subsequent changes in weight (change scores model 1) finds positive associations with birthweight and subsequent changes in weight. We would like to provide some clarifica-tion and expansion on the interpretation of these models. these results. on the conditional scores models
The Outcome Following Decompressive Craniectomy or Conser vative Treatment for Malignant Middle Cerebral Arter y Infarction

Background: At present, malignant middle cerebral artery (MCA) infarction has a high morbidity and mortality rate worldwide. The aims of this study were to identify the mortality rate, to determine the value of decompressive craniectomy in patients who were presented with malignant middle cerebral artery (MCA) infarction, to compare functional outcome in elderly patients with younger patients and identify significant risk factors related to the mortality. Method: Medical records of patients with malignant middle cerebral artery (MCA) infarction treated in Bhumibol Adulyadej Hospital between January 2008 and April 2011 were reviewed. A total of 82 patients with complete medical records and radiographic imagines were included in this study. The area of infarction was determined by the ABC/2 method and the degree of herniation was determined with Ambient cistern effacement and shift of the midline. The Glasgow Coma Scale score was assessed for neurologic status at admission, at operative time (in surgery group), and at one-week time after infarction. All patients were assessed with the modified Rankin Scale (RS) at discharge and at 3 months after infarction. Results: The mortality rate of patients with malignant middle cerebral artery (MCA) infarction at discharge was 45% and 3 months after infarction was 48.8%. At discharge, there was a significant difference in the mortality of patients with malignant middle cerebral artery (MCA) infarction in conservative group and surgery group [(17/50 (34%) versus 20/32 (62.5%)), p = 0 . 011]. Also at 3 months after infarction, there was a significant difference in mortality in the conservative group and the surgery group [(19/50 (38.0%) versus 21/ 32 (65.6%)), p = 0.015]. There was a significant high mortality rate in the surgery group with age ≤≤≤≤≤ 60 years. Dyslipidemia and ischemic heart disease were risk factors of malignant middle cerebral artery (MCA infarction related death with an odd ratio 1.419 (95%CI 0.504-4.00) and 2.00 (95%CI 0.345-11.578) respectively. Conclusion: The mortality rate of patients with malignant middle cerebral artery (MCA) infraction treated at our hospital was nearly 50% and the rest of the patients were dependent. There was a significant high mortality rate in the surgery group with age ≤≤≤≤≤ 60 years which could be explained by the severity of thedisease. In addition, the more underlying diseases, the higher the mortality rate will be.
RMHP_A_297341 1015..1023

1Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chengdu Shangjin Nanfu Hospital, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China; 3Sleep Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
Comparative Study of Three Raspberry Cultivar ( Rubus idaeus L.) Leaves Metabolites: Metabolome Profiling and Antioxidant Activities

: Raspberry ( Rubus idaeus L.), known as one of the famous healthy fruits an d are consumed fresh or processed products all over the world. The antioxidation activity of raspberry fruits as well as leaves have been widely investigated. To better understand the metabolite accumulation mechanisms and to develop different functional cultivars, we performed a non-targeted metabolomics analysis using LC-MS/MS to investigate the contents of existing components from three raspberry cultivars, Autumn Britten, Autumn Bliss, and Red Autumn leaves, respectively. The results show multiple differentially accumulated metabolites among three cultivars, especially for the lipids ( α -linolenic acid and eicosatetraenoic acid), amino acids and their derivatives (L-cysteine, Phenylalanine), ﬂavonoids (Kaempferol 3-O-rhamnoside-7-O-glucoside, Quercetin 3-glucoside), and vitamins (Biotin, Thiamine, Vitamin K2), etc. The in vitro cellular antioxidant activities of three raspberry cultivars leaves ethanol extracts (RLEE) were also characterized. Through comparison the superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels before or after RLEE protection of L929 ﬁbroblast cells upon excessive UVB exposure, we evaluated the antioxidation potentials for all three cultivar RLEEs. It turns out the raspberry Autumn Britten leaf extract holds the greatest potential for protecting the L929 ﬁbroblast cells from UVB induced damage. Our study provides theoretical support for screening of active metabolites from three raspberry cultivars leaves, spanning metabolites’ accumulation to cell damage protection, which could be used to reﬁne bioactivity assessment for different raspberry cultivars suitable for antioxidant products extraction.
Association of genetic variants in the receptor for advanced glycation end products gene with diabetic retinopathy A meta-analysis

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major sight-threatening diabetic complication. Previous studies have examined the association of DR with multiple genetic variants in the receptor for advanced glycation end products ( RAGE ) gene, with inconsistent results. Objective: To perform a systematic literature search and conduct meta-analyses to examine the association of genetic variants in RAGE with DR. Data sources: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Google Scholar, and HuGE. Study eligibility criteria and participants: Studies were on human subjects; the studies were case – control ones and included subjects who had DR and those who did not have DR; and the studies provided genotype data for genetic variants in RAGE , separately for subjects who had and did not have DR, or provided odds ratios (ORs) and the 95% con ﬁ dence intervals (CIs), or provided suf ﬁ cient data for the calculation of OR and the 95% CI. Study appraisal and synthesis methods: We used OR as a measure of association, and used random-effects model in all the meta-analyses. Between-study heterogeneity was assessed using I 2 , and publication bias was evaluated using Egger test. Results: A total of 13 studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in our analyses. We found that Gly82Ser was signi ﬁ cantly associated with DR (OR=2.40, 95% CI: 1.46 – 3.97; P =0.001) using a recessive model. -374T/A also showed signi ﬁ cant association with DR under a dominant model (OR=1.21, 95% CI: 1.03 – 1.43; P =0.023). We did not ﬁ nd a signi ﬁ cant association of DR with other genetic variants in RAGE . Limitations: The number of included studies is small for some genetic variants; duration of diabetes varied across studies; most studies were conducted in Asia; and it is not clear whether the observed association can be generalized to other ethnicities; and we could not control for other potential confounding factors. Conclusions and implications of key ﬁ ndings: We found that Gly82Ser in RAGE showed signi ﬁ cant association with DR. More studies with larger sample sizes that control for important risk factors, such as duration of diabetes, are needed to validate our ﬁ ndings. Abbreviations: CI = con ﬁ dence interval, DR = diabetic retinopathy, HWE = Hardy – Weinberg equilibrium, OR = odds ratio, RAGE = the receptor for advanced glycation end products, T1D = type 1 diabetes, T2D = type 2 diabetes.
Securing Runtime Memory via MMU Manipulation

—It is often useful for a code component (e.g., a library) to be able to maintain information that is hidden from the rest of the program (e.g., private keys used for signing, or usage counters used for behavioral monitoring of the program). In this paper, we present an extension to a previously developed mechanism for controlling access to libraries, in order to implement a scheme that allows each library to have its own private storage space. When running code outside the address space of a given library, the pages containing the private memory of that library are not mapped into the program’s address space, hence are not accessible to the rest of the program. Finally, we present an API that allows library developers to utilize private storage.
Optimization of Service Function Assignment and Shortest Path for Network Function Virtualization

—This paper focuses on the concept of Network Function Virtualization (NFV): the implementation of requests consisting of various service functions on servers located in data centers. This paper attempts to minimize both the cost of routing and service function assignment of requests from source to destination node on a network. This problem falls under the class of Integer Linear Programming (ILP), which is NP-Hard and cannot be solved in polynomial time. Towards developing a solution, it is proposed to split the problem into two separate optimization subproblems: shortest path routing and service function assignment. We utilize Dijkstra’s Shortest Path algorithm and a Greedy method for service function assignment to propose a new heuristic algorithm that minimizes the total cost of routing and service functions assignment. The experimental results suggest that the proposed algorithm matches the optimal ILP solution within acceptable limits.
Land Use Changes in the Alpine Tree Line Ecotone in the Hrubý Jeseník Mountains (Czech Republic)

Abstract Currently, we expected a altitudinal shift of forest vegetation upward under predicted climate changes impacts to European mountains ecosystems. In this context can be very interesting, that changes in alpine tree line ecotone in high European mountains were induced by human activities relatively often also in history. Probably one of the most important driver in land-use changes in high mountains was grazing, which significantly have influenced both mountain spruce forests and open alpine grasslands in central-Europe. This paper deals with historical changes of land-use in Hruby Jesenik Mountains (Czech Republic) during 19th and 20th centuries. Results revealed consequences of former grazing in mountain grasslands above alpine tree line ecotone in the frame of land-use analyses based on historical maps and other sources. These results, based on historical data, support our better understanding to current dynamic changes in European mountain landscapes.
Preparation and Invivo Screening of Eye Wash Suspension

Human eyes are precious organs in the body that enable us to see and perceive things. The eyes secrete a natural lubricant called eye tears. This was produced to keep away the exposed part of the eye from microorganisms and other diseases causing microbes and irritants. The eyes are the most sensitive and affected parts when there is a slight change in the irritation level and aller-gies. Taking this into consideration, the extracts of the plants like Turmeric and Tulsi have been prepared into a suspension that can be used in the eye for its antimicrobial activity and also give the eyes that cooling and lubricating effect. The eye washes that were prepared were investigated for the antibacterial activity and were found effective against the three tested bacteria. They were also proven safe and non-irritant to the eyes.
Which games are growing bacterial populations playing? this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters

Microbial communities display complex population dynamics, both in frequency and absolute density. Evolutionary game theory provides a natural approach to analyse and model this complexity by studying the detailed interactions among players, including competition and conflict, cooperation and coexistence. Classic evolutionary game theory models typically assume constant population size, which often does not hold for microbial populations. Here, we explicitly take into account population growth with frequency-dependent growth parameters, as observed in our experimental system. We study the in vitro population dynamics of the two commensal bacteria ( Curvibacter sp. (AEP1.3) and Duganella sp. (C1.2)) that synergistically protect the metazoan host Hydra vulgaris (AEP) from fungal infection. The frequency-dependent, nonlinear growth rates observed in our experiments indicate that the interactions among bacteria in co-culture are beyond the simple case of direct competition or, equivalently, pairwise games. This is in agreement with the synergistic effect of anti-fungal activity observed in vivo . Our analysis provides new insight into the minimal degree of complexity needed to appro-priately understand and predict coexistence or extinction events in this kind of microbial community dynamics. Our approach extends the understanding of microbial communities and points to novel experiments.
Contribute to DNA Vaccine Immunogenicity Potential of Transfected Muscle Cells to

The mechanism(s) by which DNA vaccines trigger the activation of Ag-speciﬁc T cells is incompletely understood. A series of in vivo and in vitro experiments indicates plasmid transfection stimulates muscle cells to up-regulate expression of MHC class I and costimulatory molecules and to produce multiple cytokines and chemokines. Transfected muscle cells gain the ability to directly present Ag to CD8 T cells through an IFN-regulatory factor 3-dependent process. These ﬁndings suggest that transfected muscle cells at the site of DNA vaccination may contribute to the magnitude and/or duration of the immune response initiated by professional APCs. The Journal of Immunology, 2007, 179: 329–336.