Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Social Identification with the Medical Profession in the Transition from Student to Practitioner

Abstract Phenomenon: This study explores professional identity formation during a final year of medical school designed to ease the transition from student to practitioner. Although still part of the undergraduate curriculum, this “transitional year” gives trainees more clinical responsibilities than in earlier rotations. Trainees are no longer regarded as regular clerks but work in a unique position as “semi-physicians,” performing similar tasks as a junior resident during extended rotations. Approach: We analyzed transcripts from interviews with 21 transitional-year medical trainees at University Medical Center Utrecht about workplace experiences that affect the development of professional identity. We used Social Identity Approach as a lens for analysis. This is a theoretical approach from social psychology that explores how group memberships constitute an important component of individual self-concepts in a process called ‘social identification. ’ The transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis, with a focus on how three dimensions of social identification with the professional group emerge in the context of a transitional year: cognitive centrality (the prominence of the group for self-definition), in-group affect (positivity of feelings associated with group membership) and in-group ties (perception of fit and ties with group members). Findings: Students were very aware of being a practitioner versus a student in the position of semi-physician and performing tasks successfully (i.e., cognitive centrality). Students experienced more continuity in patient care in transitional-year rotations than in previous clerkships and felt increased clinical responsibility. As a semi-physician they felt they could make a significant contribution to patient care. Students experienced a sense of pride and purpose when being more central to their patients’ care (i.e., in-group affect). Finally, in extended rotations, the trainees became integrated into daily social routines with colleagues, and they had close contact with their supervisors who could confirm their fit with the group, giving them a sense of belonging (i.e., in-group ties). Insights: Using the three-dimension model of social identification revealed how students come to identify with the social group of practitioners in the context of a transitional year with extended rotations, increased clinical responsibilities, and being in the position of a “semi-physician. ” These findings shed light on the identity transition from student to practitioner within such a curricular structure.
As A New Teacher You Can Become Really Skilled, If Just Supported A Little Bit In The Right Direction: induction

As A New Teacher You Can Become Really Skilled, If Just Supported A Little Bit In The Right Direction” Abstract: In Denmark, 1 in 6 new teachers leave the teaching profession during the first year (Arbejderbevægelsens Erhvervsråd, 2016). Acknowledging such challenges more generally, OECD (2010) identifies a need for coherent, system-wide induction programs since they “can contribute to the development of a learning culture within schools. … [Where] The mentor plays a crucial role in creating an environment in which the input from beginning teachers is welcomed and taken seriously, and in fostering a learning culture within the school as a whole”(p.15). Some European countries have a top-level regulated, formalized induction program and many countries have some mandatory types of initial support often including mentoring by an experienced teacher and professional development activities (e.g. seminars) (Eurydice, 2018). Denmark has no top-level authority regulation regarding induction at all (ibid). However, more than half of the beginning Danish teachers are allotted a local mentor. This mentoring focuses on practical and general aspects of the teaching although beginning teachers report difficulties specifically related to their subjects, e.g. formulation of subject-specific goals and organization of teaching for students’ individual subject-specific needs (EVA, 2011). Even
Estrogen Sulfotransferase-Mediated Imaging with Positron Emission Tomography in Moyamoya Syndrome

Author(s): Surmak, Andrew John | Advisor(s): Barrio, Jorge R. | Abstract: Moyamoya syndrome presents a cerebrovascular pathology that progressively introduces chronic ischemia. The network of collateral vessels created in response to arterial stenosis causes hypoperfusion and stimulates inflammatory insults that jeopardize the brain. Within this study, we used positron emission tomography (PET) to image inflammatory responses in patients with moyamoya syndrome and present the first report of [11C]-PiB in moyamoya patients. [11C]-PiB has a high affinity for estrogen sulfotransferase (SULT1E1), which is a metabolic enzyme for estrogen that varies with inflammation. We used an animal model to verify whether SULT1E1 corresponded to [11C]-PiB signal. As moyamoya syndrome is susceptible to chronic ischemia, we hypothesized that resulting insults in tissue would present inflammatory responses that would cause SULT1E1 to be elevated. In addition to moyamoya patients, we also included a patient with multiple sclerosis (MS) for scanning before and after immunomodulatory therapy to verify whether changes in inflammation could be seen with therapy. [11C]-PiB produced a dynamic signal in response to inflammatory insults. In the animal model, the [11C]-PiB signal was localized with dense SULT1E1 immunohistochemistry stains in the peri-infarct area not seen on the contralateral side. [11C]-PiB SRTM DVR was markedly increased in the thalamus, pons, corona radiata and internal capsule of moyamoya patients when compared to controls (pl0.01). The MS patient had vast reduction in signal after one month of therapy that even achieved a 34% reduction in the right ventral pallidum. Collectively, these observations establish that [11C]-PiB signal reflects heightened inflammatory responses from SULT1E1. Ai? ½ imaging with [11C]-PiB is not a signal achieved in this report. Neither MS nor moyamoya involve amyloid-beta (Ai? ½) as consequences of their progression. Therefore, the results in this report reflect [11C]-PiB signal as a consequence of fluctuating inflammatory responses in diseases that lack Ai? ½.
Letter to the Editor

Liu and colleagues recently published the article “Doubly Randomized DelayedStart Design for Enrichment Studies With Responders or Nonresponders” (Liu et al., 2012). They proposed an approach for studies with possibly high placebo response where patients are randomized between drug and placebo in period 1 and then placebo nonresponders are re-randomized to drug and placebo in period 2. A hypothesis testing method based on the weighted inverse normal combination function was also proposed. While the hypothesis testing approach proposed by Liu et al. (2012) is a new development, we disagree that Liu’s clinical trial design proposal is itself new. In fact, it is identical to one format of the Sequential Parallel Comparison Design (SPCD) from Fava and Schoenfeld (2003). Fava et al. (2003) described the novel strategy using two different formats. In Format 1 “The basic idea is to have two phases of treatment. The first phase involves an unbalanced randomization between placebo and active treatment with more patients randomized to placebo. In the second phase, non-responders treated with placebo are randomized to either active treatment or placebo. ” In Format 2 “Eligible subjects are randomized to one of three treatment groups: drug alone (DP), placebo then drug (PD) and placebo then placebo (PP). ” Both formats are described in detail in two patent applications filed by Massachusetts General Hospital in 2003 and 2004, which resulted in six U.S. patents granted (see Fava and Schoenfeld, 2003, 2004). The design proposed by Liu et al. (2012) is the same as Format 1 from Fava et al. (2003) and from the patent applications and granted patents (Fava and Schoenfeld, 2003, 2004). As mentioned in Ivanova et al. (2011), if randomization is via independent Bernoulli assignments, the two formats are equivalent. Liu et al. (2012) propose a new hypothesis testing approach for data obtained in an SPCD trial. It is based on the weighted sum of test statistics from the two periods and therefore allows a lot of flexibility in choosing the test statistic. In contrast, in Chen et al. (2011) the test statistic is based on the weighted sum of treatment effects in the two periods. Both methods require specifying the weight, and the power of the test depends on the weight. The sample size and power calculation of the Chen et al. (2011) method (implemented in free software available at http://www.rctlogic.com) with recommended weight of 0.6 gives sample sizes virtually identical to those reported in Liu et al. (2012) which suggests the two test statistics yield similar results in most cases. The sample size formula in Chen et al. (2011) gives the correct sample size for a specified power; on the other hand, the sample size formula from Liu et al. (2012) yields a sample size with power lower than specified, a shortcoming that is acknowledged by Liu et al. (2012).
A DNA Sequence–Based Approach To the Identification of Shark and Ray Species and Its Implications for Global Elasmobranch Diversity and Parasitology

Abstract In an effort to provide a framework for the accurate identification of elasmobranchs, driven in large part by the needs of parasitological studies, a comprehensive survey of DNA sequences derived from the mitochondrial NADH2 gene was conducted for elasmobranchs collected from around the world. Analysis was based on sequences derived from 4283 specimens representing an estimated 574 (of ∼1221) species (305 sharks, 269 batoids), each represented by 1 to 176 specimens, in 157 (of 193 described) elasmobranch genera in 56 (of 57 described) families of elasmobranchs (only Hypnidae was not represented). A total of 1921 (44.9%) of the samples were represented by vouchers and/or images available in an online host specimen database (http://elasmobranchs.tapewormdb.uconn.edu). A representative sequence for each of the 574 species identified in this survey, as well as an additional 11 sequences for problematic complexes, has been deposited in GenBank. Neighbor-joining analysis of the data revealed a substantial amount of previously undocumented genetic diversity in elasmobranchs, suggesting 79 potentially new taxa (38 sharks, 41 batoids). Within-species p-distance variation in NADH2-percent sequence divergence ranged from 0 to 2.12 with a mean of 0.27; within-genus p-distance variation ranged from 0.03 to 27.01, with a mean of 10.16. These values are roughly consistent with estimates from prior studies based on barcode COI sequences for elasmobranchs and fishes. While biogeographic influences have likely shaped the diversification of the entire group, the traces left by older influences tend to be overprinted by newer ones. As a result, the most clearly interpretable influences are those associated with recently diverged taxa. Among closely related elasmobranchs, four regions appear to be of particular importance: (1) the Atlantic Ocean, (2) Arabian Sea, Persian Gulf, and Red Sea, (3) Southeast Asia, and (4) Australia. Each of these regions has a substantial proportion of taxa that are genetically distinct from their closest relatives in other regions. These results suggest that great care should be taken in establishing the identities of elasmobranch hosts in parasitological studies. Furthermore, it is likely that many existing host records require confirmation.
‘Garuda shield’ vs ‘sharp knife’: operationalising Indonesia’s defence diplomacy

Abstract In the Post New Order period, there was a significant development in Indonesia. The issuance of the Law on TNI in 2004, has since guided how the Indonesian military operates in dealing with external and internal security threats and curbed its socio-political role, which is associated with the New Order regime. However, it has not explicitly touched upon the implementation of defence diplomacy, which has significantly increased within the last decade. Hence, the article aims to analyse the development of Indonesia’s Defence Diplomacy in the Post New Order period, particularly in the context of joint exercises. This article attempts to answer two key questions: ‘How has Indonesia developed its defence diplomacy as part of its overall diplomacy? ’ and ‘What factors account for different practices undertaken in Indonesia’s defence diplomacy? ’ The article qualitatively scrutinises the development of Indonesia’s defence diplomacy activities of joint exercises by comparing two bilateral exercises with the major powers, the Garuda Shield and the Sharp Knife. In supporting the analysis, the article relies on the combination of interviews and observations performed during fieldwork from July 2018 to July 2019. The article is critical since it offers an alternative approach to studying Indonesia’s defence diplomacy.
The Planarian Anatomy Ontology: A resource to connect data within and across experimental platforms

As the planarian Schmidtea mediterranea (Smed) gains popularity as a research organism, the need for standard anatomical nomenclature is increasingly apparent. A controlled vocabulary streamlines data annotation, improves data organization, and enhances cross-platform and cross-species searchability. We created the Planarian Anatomy Ontology (PLANA), an extendable framework of defined Smed anatomical terms organized using relationships. The most current version contains over 800 terms that describe Smed anatomy from subcellular to system-level across all life cycle stages, in intact animals, and regenerating body fragments. Terms from other anatomy ontologies were imported into PLANA to promote ontology interoperability and comparative anatomy studies. To demonstrate the utility of PLANA for data curation, we created web-based resources for planarian embryogenesis, including a staging series and molecular fate mapping atlas, as well as a searchable Planarian Anatomy Gene Expression database, which integrates a variety of published gene expression data and allows retrieval of information of all published sequences associated with specific planarian anatomical regions. Finally, we report methods for continued curation of PLANA, providing a path for expansion and evolution of this community resource. Summary Statement We report construction of an anatomy ontology for an emerging research organism and show its use to curate and mine data across multiple experimental platforms.
Sampling – A key tool in modern process mineralogy

The powerful modern toolbox of hybrid Process Mineralogy for flowsheet development uses best practice sampling as one of its tools. In this paper, the three key components of best practice sampling are reviewed with case studies. These three components are: 1. Minimum sample mass. 2. Rules of unbiassed sampled extraction. 3. The safety line. These excellent models and rules are not commonly taught in undergraduate programmes. In this review paper, which is intended as an introductory reference for those practitioners in Process Mineralogy who have not had exposure to the sampling models, simple and practical explanations are presented for reference. It is shown that finer particle size distributions lead to smaller minimum sample mass requirements. While sampling theory allows us to estimate the error involved obtaining a mass of sample for mineralogical analysis it is also useful to account for errors in the process mineralogy measurements themselves. Examples of the confidence intervals on liberation measurements made on highand low-grade samples are provided to illustrate the importance of sample size—specifically measuring sufficient numbers of particles—in these analyses.
Assessment Practice in Student Affairs: An Applications Manual

Assessment Practice in Student Affairs: An Applications Manual By John H. Schuh and M. Lee Upcraft Jossey-Bass 2001 510 pages Schuh and Upcraft have written what is sure to become a "must have" volume for student affairs professionals. Designed to be a companion piece to the authors' previous work, Assessment in Student Affairs, this volume is an in-depth and thorough instruction manual for how to design and implement an assessment process for nearly every aspect of student affairs work. The authors found a difficult and appropriate balance between condensing relevant research literature and putting the various methods within the context of student affairs work. This volume is written with the practitioner in mind and is easily accessible, with clear instructions and examples. Eleven experienced student affairs practitioners served as contributors to the volume-the currency of the issues and the thoroughness in which these are addressed is a testament to their work. Assessment Practices in Student Affairs is organized into five major sections: Principles and Purposes, Methods, Basic Approaches, Programs and Service Areas, and Assessment Issues. The authors begin with an overview of why assessment is important and outline the necessary steps in the assessment process. They also include a discussion of the differences between qualitative and quantitative research methods and offer suggestions about the uses of each in assessing programs and practices. Schuh and Upcraft dedicate a chapter each to focus groups, quantitative instruments, mail-out surveys, and telephone surveys, as well as a timely and useful discussion of Web-- based data collection. The authors also explore and explain the major types of assessment approaches including needs, satisfaction, learning outcomes, environmental, cost effectiveness, postgraduation, etc. Within each of these basic approaches, the authors offer examples and relevant case studies such as commuter student concerns (needs), leadership development (learning outcome), and quality of residential life (environment), to name a few. In addition, they provide several sample protocols and instruments that can serve as templates to the user and can be easily adopted for immediate use. A most useful section of the book is Part Four: Programs and Service Areas. Here, Schuh and Upcraft have dedicated a chapter to each of the major areas of student affairs, including: student academic success, first-year programs, campus recreation programs, financial aid, admissions programs, residence life programs, college unions, health services, career services, counseling services, Greek life, and student conduct. Within each chapter, the authors detail issues and concerns, provide case studies, and give specific examples of protocols and instruments. …
Comprehensive Evaluation of a Sparse Dataset, Assessment and Selection of Competing Models

With tremendous associated economic and social costs of crashes, researchers have been trying not only to identify the factors affecting crashes, but also to estimate those coefficients in the most accurate ways. Estimating model coefficients without accounting for a correct distribution would result in biased and erroneous results. This risk especially holds true when modeling skewed equivalent property damage only (EPDO) crashes with a preponderance of zeroes. The distribution of EPDO is known for not being modeled with known distributions such as Poisson or negative binomial distributions. This issue is highlighted in particular for a mountainous state like Wyoming that has very low traffic levels and a severely high crash rate. In addition, we included barriers in the model that did not experience any crashes but did suffer from being under-designed by geometric architects, thereby adding to the number of zero count observations. Various models with different distributional characteristics were considered and compared in this study. Comparisons were not just made across models in terms of their goodness of fit, but the estimated coefficients were also compared to see the impact of considering the wrong distributional assumptions on model parameter estimates. As the objectives of this study are to implement the identified results for optimization purposes and locate hazardous locations that could host future crashes, the results highlight accurate model estimations and the consequences of a failure to account for the right distributions. After conducting different goodness-of-fit measures, a hurdle model was proposed in this study to accommodate observations with zero crashes, and to account for a sparse distribution of EPDO crashes in the state of Wyoming. For the hurdle model, binary logistic regression was used to account for observations with zero crashes, while the negative binomial method was considered for non-zero observations. The findings of this study have direct implications on the allocation of limited funds for policymakers in Wyoming, as optimization could be conducted on the geometric characteristics of traffic barriers in future studies.
Comprehensive analysis and genome-wide association studies of biomass, chlorophyll, seed and salinity tolerance related traits in rice highlight genetic hotspots for crop improvement

Farmland is on the decline and worldwide food security is at risk. Rice is the staple of choice for over half the Earth’s people. To sustain current demands and ascertain a food secure future, substandard farmland affected by abiotic stresses must be utilized. For rapid crop improvement, a broader understanding of polygenic traits like stress tolerance and crop yield is indispensable. To this end, the hidden diversity of resilient and neglected wild varieties must be traced back to their genetic roots. In this study, we separately assayed 15 phenotypes in a panel of 176 diverse accessions predominantly comprised of local landraces from Bangladesh. We compiled high resolution sequence data for these accessions. We collectively studied the ties between the observed phenotypic differences and the examined additive genetic effects underlying these variations. We applied a sophisticated fixed effect model to associate phenotypes with genotypes on a genomic scale. Discovered QTLs were mapped to known genes. Candidate genes were sorted by tissue specific gene expression profiles and protein level consequence of existing polymorphisms. Our explorations yielded 17 QTLs related to various traits in multiple trait classes. 12 identified QTLs were equivalent to findings from previous studies. Integrative analysis assumes novel functionality for 21 candidate genes on multiple evidence levels. These findings will usher novel avenues for the bioengineering of high yielding crops of the future fortified with genetic defenses against abiotic stressors.