Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MDZ: An Efficient Error-bounded Lossy Compressor for Molecular Dynamics

Molecular dynamics (MD) has been widely used in today's scientific research across multiple domains including materials science, biochemistry, biophysics, and structural biology. MD simulations can produce extremely large amounts of data in that each simulation could involve a large number of atoms (up to trillions) for a large number of timesteps (up to hundreds of millions). In this paper, we perform an in-depth analysis of a number of MD simulation datasets and then develop an efficient error-bounded lossy compressor that can significantly improve the compression ratios. The contributions are fourfold. (1) We characterize a number of MD datasets and summarize two commonly-used execution models. (2) We develop an adaptive error-bounded lossy compression framework (called MDZ), which can optimize the compression for both execution models adaptively by taking advantage of their specific characteristics. (3) We compare our solution with six other state-of-the-art related works by using three MD simulation packages each with multiple configurations. Experiments show that our solution has up to 233 % higher compression ratios than the second-best lossy compressor in most cases. (4) We demonstrate that MDZ is fully capable of handing particle data beyond MD simulations.
Performance of a circular crossed‐dipole array for SDMA configuration adopting directivity and polarization control using particle swarm optimization algorithm

In this article, the performance of a circular crossed‐dipole array (CCDA) for space division multiple access (SDMA) configurations adopting directivity and polarization control is presented. The array consists of 12 dual‐polarized elements uniformly distributed in a circular configuration; each dual‐polarized element (crossed‐dipole) consists of two half‐wave dipoles in a ±45° slant configuration. The modified particle swarm optimization and moment of method (MPSO‐MOM) algorithm is used to calculate the complex weightings of the array elements in a mutual coupling environment for beamforming synthesis. In addition, the performance of the adaptive array using discrete feedings (1‐bit amplitude and 4‐bit phase shifters or only 4‐bit phase shifters) is studied. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE, 2009.
Post-Treatment Neck Dissection of Tonsillar and Base of Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma in the Era of PET-CT, HPV, and p16

Human-papillomavirus (HPV)-positive tonsillar and base of tongue carcinomas (TSCC/BOTSCC) are rising in incidence and treatments with radiotherapy, chemoradiotherapy (RT/CRT), and neck dissections (NDs) have several side effects. Therefore, an improved selection of patients needing salvage NDs would be beneficial. We examined the prevalence and localisations of viable tumour cells in neck lymph nodes in patients post-RT/CRT, identified by fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography with computer-tomography (FDG PET-CT), with a focus on HPV-associated tumours. Patients with 217 TSCC/BOTSCC with tumours assessed for HPV-DNA and p16INK4a undergoing FDG PET-CT 12 weeks after treatment and/or an ND were included. The FDG PET-CT data were compared with the findings in the pathology report after the ND. In total, 36/217 (17%) patients were selected for an ND due to positive findings in post-treatment FDG PET-CT. Of these, 35/36 were HPV-associated, 10/36 (28%) had viable tumour cells in the pathology reports of the neck specimen, and 8/10 (80%) were consistent with the FDG PET-CT findings, while 2/36 (5%) were missed by FDG PET-CT. We conclude that FDG PET-CT 12 weeks after RT/CRT is useful, but not completely reliable for finding all the metastases of HPV-associated TSCC/BOTSCC. Nonetheless, our data indicate that an ND could be more selectively guided by FDG PET-CT.
Tilings of amenable groups

We prove that for any infinite countable amenable group G, any {\varepsilon>0} and any finite subset {K\subset G} , there exists a tiling (partition of G into finite “tiles” using only finitely many “shapes”), where all the tiles are {(K,\varepsilon)} -invariant. Moreover, our tiling has topological entropy zero (i.e., subexponential complexity of patterns). As an application, we construct a free action of G (in the sense that the mappings, associated to elements of G other than the unit, have no fixed points) on a zero-dimensional space, such that the topological entropy of this action is zero.
Maximal Directed Quasi -Clique Mining

Quasi-cliques are a type of dense subgraphs that generalize the notion of cliques, important for applications such as community/module detection in various social and biological networks. However, the existing quasi-clique definition and algorithms are only applicable to undirected graphs. In this paper, we generalize the concept of quasi-cliques to directed graphs by proposing (γ1, γ2) -quasi-cliques which have density requirements in both inbound and outbound directions of each vertex in a quasi-clique subgraph. An efficient recursive algorithm is proposed to find maximal (γ1,γ2)-quasi-cliques which integrates many effective pruning rules that are validated by ablation studies. We also study the finding of top-k large quasi-cliques directly by bootstrapping the search from more compact quasi-cliques, to scale the mining to larger networks. The algorithms are parallelized with effective load balancing, and we demonstrate that they can scale up effectively with the number of CPU cores.
An Intimate History of Social Mobility in Post-War Britain

ABSTRACT This article explores the concept of social mobility through the lens of my own family history. My parents were baby boomers, beneficiaries of the 1944 Education Act and the opening of new universities in the 1960s. They were helped less by the meritocratic ideal of elite education than by more widely available benefits, such as public libraries, student grants, free time and a sense of not feeling driven into purely pragmatic choices. I argue that our stories of social mobility should pay more attention to how wider social histories interact with the idiosyncrasy and contingency of individual lives.
First stars IV : from Hayashi to the future : Kyoto, Japan, 21-25 May 2012

Development of Star Formation Theory from the Hayashi Era. - Formation of Pop III Stars. - Pop III to Pop II Transition. - Metal-Poor Stars and Galaxies in the Local Universe. - First Supernovae and Gamma Ray Bursts. - Formation of Primordial Galaxies and Observations of High-z Universe. - Cosmic Reionization and Background Radiation. - Growth of Massive Black Holes at High-z.
Faculty Development for Academic Emergency Physicians: A Focus Group Analysis

Objectives: The objective is to explore academic emergency medicine physicians’ exposure to and needs regarding faculty development. Methods: We conducted a prospective qualitative study of Society for Academic Emergency Medicine members in 2018 using focus groups selected by convenience and snowball sampling. One facilitator ensured representative engagement and responses were transcribed in real-time by an assistant after obtaining verbal consent. Results were analyzed using a grounded theory approach with a constructivist perspective. Thematic analysis was refined using the constant comparative method. Results: Sixteen physicians participated in the focus groups, representing a diverse group of perspectives. Six themes emerged about unmet needs in faculty development: knowledge and skills, relationships, specific programs or resources, and professional benefits. Conclusions: Members of a national academic society identified three areas of focus important to developing academicians in emergency medicine: content for faculty developers, relationship-building among members, and support from the organization as a “professional home. ” Academic societies can use this to guide future programming.
Core Decomposition on Uncertain Graphs Revisited (Extended Abstract)

Core decomposition on uncertain graphs is shown to be a key problem in graph analysis. However, existing algorithms for solving this problem are based on a peeling algorithm with the dynamically updating technique, which can lead to relatively large errors due to the inaccuracy of the recursive floating-point number division operations. In this paper, we first develop two novel algorithms, a bottom-up approach and a top-down approach, which do not involve any floating-point number division operations to guarantee correctness. Then, we develop a parallel version for each approach to deal with large graphs. Extensive experimental results evidence the efficiency, effectiveness, and scalability of our proposed algorithms.
Coupled linear models for repeated measurements considering missing data

SUMMARY We analyse a special linear regression model for measurements taken at several sites in two profundities over a period of some years. For including directed innuences between the distinct profundities we couple two linear models by autoregressive terms. More dependences can be included by adding random eeects. Under normality assumptions for the errors we derive formulas for the maximum likelihood estimators as well as their distributions, although rather general structures of missing data are permitted. Simple computational formulas are given for an uniform correlation speciication of the model which is applied to a case study for forest damage data.
Mach-IV: Evidence of Structural, Discriminant and Predictive Validity with Argentinian Students

Machiavellians are defined as self-interested and manipulative people, who use others as mere means for their ends. The Mach-IV scale consists of 20 items measuring different aspects of Machiavellianism. In this study, we investigate the psychometric properties of the Mach-IV Scale with Argentinian university students. First, we translated and adapted the Mach-IV Scale to the target culture. Second, we evaluated the structure and internal consistency of the scale. Third, we examined the correlation between Mach-IV and Social Value Orientation (SVO), and between the Mach-IV scale and decisions and expectations in a Dictator Game (DG), both in its “give” and “take” versions. None of the structures evaluated showed good indexes of fit. We opted for the original one-factor structure but without items 19 and 20. Assuming such a structure, we observed negative correlations between the Mach-IV scale and SVO, and between the Mach-IV scale and cooperation in the DG. Materials, data, and scripts are available at https://bit.ly/2In6fgI.
Impact of General and Special Education Teachers’ Knowledge on Their Practices of Self-Regulated Learning (SRL) in Secondary Schools in Riyadh, Kingdome of Saudi Arabia

Teachers of students with disabilities have been assessed from various perspectives. This study aimed to investigate the knowledge and practice of self-regulated learning (SRL) of teachers who teach students with learning disabilities (SLD) in secondary schools in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The study focuses on the impact of teachers’ knowledge in their practices of SRL and identified the moderating effect of teachers’ gender on this impact. Using Pintirich’s model of SRL, the study designed the Teachers’ Knowledge of Self-Regulated Learning Scale, and it adopted Huh’s Teachers’ Practices Related to Developing Students’ SRL questionnaire to examine teachers’ knowledge and practices of SRL. The questionnaire was distributed online to over 318 Saudi teachers in secondary schools in Riyadh who were selected by using stratified sampling techniques. Teachers demonstrated high knowledge of SRL in all domains (cognition: M = 5.2, motivation: M = 5.38, behavior and emotions: M = 5.44) and medium SRL practices level in their classes (M = 3.5) with some reservation on their reaction and reflection, which were at the lowest average level. Furthermore, results revealed a direct and significant influence of teachers’ knowledge on the practice of self-regulated learning (SRL) (β = 0.183, t = 3.301, p = 0.000), and there was no moderate effect of teachers’ gender on the impact of teachers’ SRL knowledge on teachers’ SRL practices (β = −0.004, t = 0.064; p = 0.949). The results suggest the demand for more practical training programs for SLD teachers to increase their SRL application in practice.
Effectiveness Evaluation of Shredded Waste Expanded Polystyrene on the Properties of Binder and Asphalt Concrete

The disposal of massive amounts of waste, particularly nondecaying waste, is now a major issue for both developed and developing countries. One of the most sustainable solutions to this problem is to recycle garbage into valuable items. Expanded polystyrene, which is manufactured in large quantities, is one of these waste materials. This is being used globally as packaging material, construction material, and household appliances. The waste expanded polystyrene (EPS) is necessary due to its biodegradability, and aesthetically, it has a great negative impact on the environment. The goal of this research would be to see how shredded waste EPS affects the characteristics of asphalt and asphalt concrete. For this, four separate serial asphalt concrete samples were made with varying amounts of shredded expanded polystyrene waste (0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1% by the weight of the total aggregate) and five different percentages of asphalt (4.0, 4.5, 5.0, 5.5, and 6.0% by the weight of the total aggregate). In this study, 60/70 grade bitumen was used. Modified asphalt concrete properties were examined and compared with those of the standard specimens. The penetration, ductility, softening point, flash point, and fire point of the asphalt will all be affected by the addition of EPS plastic waste. The optimal asphalt content of the conventional specimen was 5.1 percent, and different percentages of EPS with OAC were applied. The mechanical properties of all specimens were studied in terms of Marshall properties after Marshall specimens were created with regard to OAC by adding EPS. It has been discovered that applying a 0.5% addition produces improved results than other methods. Simultaneously, as the EPS percentage increased, the stability value increased by approximately 82.61% compared to the traditional mix.
A Randomized Controlled Trial of Guided Bone Regeneration for Peri-Implant Dehiscence Defects with Two Anorganic Bovine Bone Materials Covered by Titanium Meshes

The aim of this study is to compare two low-temperature sintered anorganic bovine bone materials (ABBMs), Bio-Oss (Geistlich, Wolhusen, Switzerland) and A-Oss (Osstem, Seoul, Korea), for GBR in dehiscence defects. A single implant was placed simultaneously with GBR in the buccal or bucco-proximal osseous defect by double-layering of inner allograft and outer ABBM, covered by a preformed ultrafine titanium mesh and an absorbable collagen membrane. Grafted volume changes were evaluated by cone-beam computed tomography, taken preoperatively (T0), immediately after implant surgery (T1), after re-entry surgery (T2), and after delivery of the final restoration (T3). The density of the regenerated bone was assessed by measuring the probing depth on the buccal mid-center of the mesh after removing the mesh at T2. Postoperative sequelae were also recorded. Grafted volume shrinkage of 46.0% (0.78 ± 0.37 cc) and 40.8% (0.79 ± 0.33 cc) in the Bio-Oss group (8 patients) and A-Oss group (8 patients), respectively, was observed at T3 (p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in grafted volume changes according to time periods or bone density between the two groups. Despite postoperative mesh exposure (3 patients), premature removal of these exposed meshes and additional grafting was not necessary, and all implants were functional over the 1-year follow-up period. Both ABBMs with titanium meshes showed no significant difference in the quantity and density of the regenerated bone after GBR for peri-implant defects.
Occupational Exposure to Hexavalent Chromium, Nickel and PAHs: A Mixtures Risk Assessment Approach Based on Literature Exposure Data from European Countries

Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)), nickel (Ni) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are genotoxic co-occurring lung carcinogens whose occupational health risk is still understudied. This study, conducted within the European Human Biomonitoring Initiative (HBM4EU), aimed at performing a mixtures risk assessment (MRA) based on published human biomonitoring (HBM) data from Cr(VI), Ni and/or PAHs occupational co-exposure in Europe. After data extraction, Risk Quotient (RQ) and Sum of Risk Quotients (SRQ) were calculated for binary and ternary mixtures to characterise the risk. Most selected articles measured urinary levels of Cr and Ni and a SRQ > 1 was obtained for co-exposure levels in welding activities, showing that there is concern regarding co-exposure to these substances. Similarly, co-exposure to mixtures of Cr(VI), Ni and PAHs in waste incineration settings resulted in SRQ > 1. In some studies, a low risk was estimated based on the single substances’ exposure level (RQ < 1), but the mixture was considered of concern (SRQ > 1), highlighting the relevance of considering exposure to the mixture rather than to its single components. Overall, this study points out the need of using a MRA based on HBM data as a more realistic approach to assess and manage the risk at the workplace, in order to protect workers’ health.
S-QUERY: Opening the Black Box of Internal Stream Processor State

Distributed streaming dataflow systems have evolved into scalable and fault-tolerant production-grade systems. Their applicability has departed from the mere analysis of streaming windows and complex-event processing, and now includes cloud applications and machine learning inference. Although the advancements in the state management of streaming systems have contributed significantly to their maturity, the internal state of streaming operators has been so far hidden from external applications. However, that internal state can be seen as a materialized view that can be used for analytics, monitoring, and debugging. In this paper we argue that exposing the internal state of streaming systems to outside applications by making it queryable, opens the road for novel use cases. To this end, we introduce S-QUERY: an approach and reference architecture where the state of stream processors can be queried - either live or through snapshots, achieving different isolation levels. We show how this new capability can be implemented in an existing open-source stream processor, and how queryable state can affect the performance of such a system. Our experimental evaluation suggests that the snapshot configuration adds only up to 8ms latency in the 99.99thpercentile and negligible increase in 0-90thpercentiles.
Computational generation of multiphase asphalt nanostructures using random fields

This study presents a novel methodology to generate computational replicates of nanostructures of multiphase materials, such as asphalt binders, by integrating image analysis techniques with stochastic random field (RF) modeling. Image analysis techniques are used to identify and segment nanostructure images obtained by atomic force microscopy, while RF is used to model the spatial distribution of their material properties. The results of this process are images showing probable arrangements of nanostructures with stochastic material properties that replicate the experimentally obtained images. The computationally generated nanostructures are then used as inputs in a finite element model to evaluate the effect of heterogeneity on their mechanical response. The efficacy of the developed approach is demonstrated through simulations of asphalt binders’ nanostructures, which reveal novel insights regarding their nanoscale mechanical behavior and response. The FE simulations provided the link between the distribution of nanoscale properties of asphalt binders and variations in their mechanical response. The application of this methodology expands the body of knowledge beyond the deterministic analysis of asphalt binders toward probabilistic analysis and uncertainty quantification that considers their heterogeneous, multiphase structures. Consequently, the methodology can be used to design multiphase materials, such as asphaltic blends, with tailored properties and enhanced performance.
On a proof of the 10/8-conjecture

Let X be a smooth closed oriented non-spin 4-manifold with even intersection form kE_8\oplus nH. In this article we show that n\geq |k| on X. Thus we confirm the 10/8-conjecture affirmatively. As an application, we also give an estimate of intersection forms of spin coverings of non-spin 4-manifolds with even intersection forms.
Dual-Fuzzy-Classifier-Based Evolutionary Algorithm for Expensive Multiobjective Optimization

Multiobjective evolutionary algorithms (MOEAs) have been widely used to solve multiobjective optimization problems (MOPs). Conventional MOEAs usually require a large number of function evaluations (FEs) for evaluating the quality of solutions. However, only a limited number of FEs are affordable in many real-world optimization problems, where the FEs are computationally or economically expensive. The use of a large number of FEs decreases the effectiveness of MOEAs in solving these problems. This article proposes a dual-fuzzy-classifier-based surrogate model (DFC) and a DFC-based MOEA (DFC-MOEA) framework for expensive optimization problems. The DFC model is used for offspring preselection to choose high-quality offspring solutions and for categorization to divide unevaluated solutions into three categories. In the proposed framework, two fuzzy classifiers are built to predict the quality of each unevaluated solution. To strike a balance between convergence and diversity, one classifier is designed for predicting the dominance relation of unevaluated solutions (i.e., convergence), and another classifier is designed for predicting the crowdedness of unevaluated solutions (i.e., diversity). The integration of the proposed framework in three different types of MOEAs (i.e., a dominance-based MOEA, an indicator-based MOEA, and a decomposition-based MOEA) demonstrates its usefulness in handling expensive optimization problems. Comprehensive experiments on four well-known test suites and several real-world optimization problems demonstrate that the proposed framework is able to improve the performance of MOEAs under a limited number of FEs.
Global IoT Mobility: A Path Based Forwarding Approach

With the huge proliferation of mobile Internet of Things (IoT) devices such as connected vehicles, drones, and healthcare wearables, IoT networks are promising mobile connectivity capacity far beyond the conventional computing platforms. The success of this service provisioning is highly dependent on the flexibility offered by such enabling technologies to support IoT mobility using different devices and protocol stacks. Many of the connected mobile IoT devices are autonomous, and resource constrained, which poses additional challenges for mobile IoT communication. Therefore, given the unique mobility requirements of IoT devices and applications, many challenges are still to be addressed. This paper presents a global mobility management solution for IoT networks that can handle both micro and macro mobility scenarios. The solution exploits a path-based forwarding fabric together with mechanisms from Information-Centric Networking. The solution is equally suitable for legacy session-based mobile devices and emerging information-based IoT devices such as mobile sensors. Simulation evaluations have shown minimum overhead in terms of packet delivery and signalling costs to support macro mobility handover across different IoT domains.