Antidiabetic Activity of Alcoholic Fruit Extract of Mallotus Philippensis Muell.Arg. in Streptozotocin Induced Dibetic Rats

AIM AND OBJECTIVES: The present investigation was aimed to screen the anti-diabetic activity of Mallotus Philippensis Muell.Arg. on sterptozotocin induced diabetic Wistar albino rats. The objective of the present study to: Find out the phytochemical constituents present in the ethanolic extract of the whole plant of Mallotus Philippensis Muell.Arg. Acute toxicity studies Evaluation of anti-diabetic activity Blood glucose level, Glycosylated haemoglobin, Estimation of Serum parameters Total cholesterol level Serum aspartate amino transferace level (AST) Serum alanine amino transferace level (ALT) Estimation of Oxidative stress parameters Liver malondialdehyde level (MDA) Estimation of enzymic hepatic antioxidant parameters Liver superoxide dismutase level (SOD) Liver catalase level (CAT) Liver glutathione peroxide level (GPx) Estimation of non-enzymic anti-oxidant activity Reduced glutathione (GSH) level Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) level α –tocopherol (Vitamin E) level Estimation of plasma insulin level Histopathology of pancreas. Statistical analysis SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION: The present study was undertaken to scientifically elucidate the anti-diabetic activity of alcoholic fruit extract of Mallotus Phililppensis Muell.Arg. The phytochemical investigation revealed the presence of carbohydrates, steroids, phenols, tannins, flavanoids, glycosides, and terpenes in the EEMP. The STZ 45 mg/kg effectively induced diabetes, which was similar to diabetes in human. Therefore it is an effective and an ideal model for diabetes research. The Blood glucose level and Glycosylated haemoglobin level significantly decreased with treatment of EEMP proves it having anti-diabetic activity. Attenuating the increased serum parameters like total cholesterol, AST and ALT with treatment of EEMP showed its anti-diabetic activity. Reduced level of lipid peroxidation in EEMP treated rats, showed EEMP has protective effect in oxidative stress induced diabetes. The enzymic antioxidant parameters such as SOD, CAT and GPx and Non-enzymic antioxidant parameters such as GSH, Vitamin C and Vitamin E are increased significantly with treatment of EEMP, which proved as it having antioxidant activity. The plasma insulin level significantly increased with treatment of EEMP, showed the EEMP in managing hyperglycemia and diabetic complications. Mallotus Phililppensis Muell.Arg. fruit extract also have favourable effects to inhibit the histopathological change of the pancreas in STZ induced diabetes. In summary, alcoholic fruit extract of Mallotus Phililppensis Muell.Arg showed statistically significant anti-diabetic activity. In conclusion, the alcoholic fruit extract of Mallotus Phililppensis Muell.Arg. showed and offered a promising therapeutic value in prevention of diabetes. These effects was mainly attributed to its antioxidant properties by significant quenching impact of the extract on lipid peroxidation along with enhancement of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense systems in liver and pancreatic tissue. Further studies will be needed in future to determine the exact phytoconstituents in the extract, which having anti-diabetic activity.