Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Holarctic correlation of non-marine Palaeocene–Eocene boundary strata using mammals

A new biostratigraphic correlation is suggested for the Palaeocene–Eocene boundary strata in the Holarctic. Great significance is attached to the Thanetian hiatus which has critical importance in the placing of the Palaeocene–Eocene boundary in Western Europe. Intercontinental correlation of the Palaeocene–Eocene boundary in non-marine strata by means of mammals reveals the duration of the Thanetian hiatus in the Paris Basin. It corresponds almost entirely to the Clarkforkian Land Mammal Age of North America and possibly to the Zhigden and Naran Members of the Naran-Bulak Formation of Mongolia, which suggests a Palaeocene age for the Clark's Fork fauna. The Gray Bull and Bumban faunas appear to be practically contemporaneous and are correlated with the Sparnacian fauna of West European Meudon. The Palaeocene–Eocene boundary in North America is thus traced beneath the Gray Bull zone (Wasatchian Land Mammal Age), while in Central Asia it is believed to underlie the Bumban Member of the Naran-Bulak sections where there is evidence of the simultaneous appearance of perissodactyls, primates (Omomyidae), rodents, condylarths of the genus Hyopsodus and others.
The Role of Harvest Timing in Pest Management: Grower Response to Infestation and Sector-Level Shifts in the Distribution of Output Quality

A ubiquitous pest, such as the olive fruit fly, would seem to harm all producers. Olive growers in California have not only incurred costs of spraying insecticides but have harvested olives when they are smaller and less susceptible. A mathematical programming model optimizes a grower’s decisions, given the heterogeneity among growers’ cultivars and climate conditions. The model is extended to make the price premium for larger olives endogenous, given the individual growers’ responses to the pest. The market-level model indicates that some types of growers actually benefit from the infestation.
Narrowing common bean yield gap and improving productivity using organic soil amendments within smallholder farming systems of Sub-Saharan Africa

In sole cropping, manure plus fertilizer treatment gave higher yield for SER 83 while SER 45 performed better under mere manure. When intercropped with maize, SER 45 responded to fertilizer plus manure treatment while SER 83 showed no response. The study shows that use of chicken manure on small farms would significantly increase bean yield and improve fertilizer use efficiency of some varieties under maize mixed farming systems.
Influencias de los entornos institucional y relacional sobre la adopción de la gestión de la calidad total: el caso de Sevillana

Total Quality Management (TQM) has been adopted by many organizations in the last two decades. From the New Institutionalism perspective, Kostova and Roth (2002) identified several patterns of practice adoption. Fo- llowing this theoretical approach, our aim is to understand the changes on patterns of TQM adoption in function of the variation of institutional and relational contexts. For it, we have conducted a longitudinal case study in a Spanish electricity company that was strongly engaged to TQM since the beginning of 90s. This company was acquired in the middle of 90s by the first business group of the Spanish electricity sector. Our results evidence the influence of the evolution of institutional and relational compo- nents on the pattern of TQM adoption of this organization. Also, our results show the contribution of the mimetic isomorphism and normative isomorphism to the diffusion of TQM among organizations of the industrial sector.
The Holographic RG flow to conformal andnon-conformal theories

We review some aspects of the AdS supergravity description of RG flows. The case of a flow to an IR CFT can be rigorously studied within the framework of supergravity. Here we discuss various central charges of the conformal theory (included the usually neglected ones) and we compare them with QFT expectations. The case of flows to non-conformal theories is more problematic in that one usually encounters a naked singularity. We discuss the properties of these solutions and we briefly comment on the fate of the singularity.
Warped Compactifications and Ads/cft *

In this talk we discuss two classes of examples of warped products of AdS spaces in the context of the AdS/CFT correspondence. The first class of examples appears in the construction of dual Type I' string descriptions to five dimensional supersymmetric fixed points with E N f +1 global symmetry. The background is obtained as the near horizon geometry of the D4-D8 brane system in massive Type IIA supergravity. The second class of examples appears when considering the N = 2 superconformal theories defined on a 3 + 1 dimensional hyperplane intersection of two sets of M5 branes. We use the dual string formulations to deduce properties of these field theories.
DeSitter entropy, quantum entanglement and ADS/CFT

A de Sitter brane-world bounding regions of anti-de Sitter space has a macroscopic entropy given by one-quarter the area of the observer horizon. A proposed variant of the AdS/CFT correspondence gives a dual description of this cosmology as conformal field theory coupled to gravity in de Sitter space. In the case of two-dimensional de Sitter space this provides a microscopic derivation of the entropy, including the one-quarter, as quantum entanglement of the conformal field theory across the horizon.
Unextendible maximally entangled bases and mutually unbiased bases

We study unextendible maximally entangled basis in arbitrary bipartite spaces. A systematic way of constructing a set of $d^{2}$ orthonormal maximally entangled states in $\mathbb{C}^{d}\bigotimes\mathbb{C}^{d'}(\frac{d'}{2}<d<d')$ is provided. The complementary space of the set of these $d^{2}$ orthonormal maximally entangled states contains no maximally entangled states that are orthogonal to all of them. Furthermore, we investigate mutually unbiased bases in which all the bases are unextendible maximally entangled ones. We present two unextendible maximally entangled bases in $\mathbb{C}^{2}\bigotimes\mathbb{C}^{3}$ which are mutually unbiased.
Line formation in solar granulation VI. [Cl], Cl, CH and C2 lines and the photospheric C abundance

The solar photospheric carbon abundance has been determined from (C ), C , CH vibration-rotation, CH A-X electronic and C2 Swan electronic lines by means of a time-dependent, 3D, hydrodynamical model of the solar atmosphere. Departures from LTE have been considered for the C  lines. These turned out to be of increasing importance for stronger lines and are crucial to remove a trend in LTE abundances with the strengths of the lines. Very gratifying agreement is found among all the atomic and molecular abundance diagnostics in spite of their widely different line formation sensitivities. The mean value of the solar carbon abundance based on the four primary abundance indicators ((C ), C , CH vibration-rotation, C2 Swan) is logC = 8.39 ± 0.05, including our best estimate of possible systematic errors. Consistent results also come from the CH electronic lines, which we have relegated to a supporting role due to their sensitivity to the line broadening. The new 3D based solar C abundance is significantly lower than previously estimated in studies using 1D model atmospheres.
Energy Dependence of Multiplicity Fluctuations in Heavy Ion Collisions

C. Alt 9, T. Anticic 23, B. Baatar 8,D. Barna 4, J. Bartke 6, L. Betev 10, H. Białkowska 20, C. Blume 9, B. Boimska 20, M. Botje 1, J. Bracinik 3, R. Bramm 9, P. Bun či ć10, V. Cerny 3, P. Christakoglou 2, P. Chung 19, O. Chvala 14, J.G. Cramer 16, P. Csató 4, P. Dinkelaker 9, V. Eckardt 13, D. Flierl 9, Z. Fodor 4, P. Foka7, V. Friese 7, J. Gál4, M. Gaździcki 9,11, V. Genchev 18, G. Georgopoulos 2, E. Gładysz 6, K. Grebieszkow 22, S. Hegyi 4, C. Höhne 7, K. Kadija 23, A. Karev 13, D. Kikola 22, M. Kliemant 9, S. Kniege 9, V.I. Kolesnikov 8, E. Kornas 6, R. Korus 11, M. Kowalski 6, I. Kraus 7, M. Kreps 3, A. Laszlo 4, R. Lacey 19, M. van Leeuwen 1, P. Lévai 4, L. Litov 17, B. Lungwitz 9, M. Makariev 17, A.I. Malakhov 8, M. Mateev17, G.L. Melkumov 8, A. Mischke 1, M. Mitrovski 9, J. Molnár 4, St. Mrówczy ński 11, V. Nicolic 23, G. Pálla4, A.D. Panagiotou 2, D. Panayotov 17, A. Petridis 2, W. Peryt 22, M. Pikna 3, J. Pluta 22, D. Prindle 16, F. Pühlhofer 12, R. Renfordt 9, C. Roland 5, G. Roland 5, M. Rybczy ński 11, A. Rybicki 6,10, A. Sandoval 7, N. Schmitz 13, T. Schuster 9, P. Seyboth 13, F. Siklér 4, B. Sitar 3, E. Skrzypczak 21, M. Slodkowski 22, G. Stefanek 11, R. Stock 9, C. Strabel 9, H. Ströbele 9, T. Susa23, I. Szentpétery 4, J. Sziklai 4, M. Szuba22, P. Szymanski 10,20, V. Trubnikov 20, D. Varga4,10, M. Vassiliou 2, G.I. Veres4,5, G. Vesztergombi 4, D. Vrani ć7, A. Wetzler 9, Z. Włodarczyk 11, A. Wojtaszek 11, I.K. Yoo 15, J. Zimányi 4
Radiative Corrections to Casimir Effect in the $\lambda\phi^{4}$ Model

We calculate radiative corrections to the Casimir effect for the massive complex scalar field with the $\lambda\phi^{4}$ self-interaction in $d+1$ dimensions. We consider the field submitted to four types of boundary conditions on two parallel planes, namely: (i) quasi-periodic boundary conditions, which interpolates continuously periodic and anti-periodic ones, (ii) Dirichlet conditions on both planes, (iii) Neumann conditions on both planes and (iv) mixed conditions, that is, Dirichlet on one plane and Neumann on the other one.
Antarctica-New Zealand rifting and Marie Byrd Land lithospheric magmatism linked to ridge subduction and mantle plume activity

Mid-Cretaceous igneous rocks of central Marie Byrd Land, Antarctica record a rapid change from subduction-related to rift-related magmatism. This correlates with the final stages of subduction of the Phoenix plate and the subsequent rifting of New Zealand from West Antarctica, prior to the opening of the Southern Ocean. Rift magmatism produced diverse A-type granitoids and mafic intrusive rocks of continental flood-basalt affinity that were derived ultimately from lithospheric mantle sources. Rifting was caused by changes in plate boundary forces; however, mantle plume activity may have begun in mid-Cretaceous time, triggering melting of the lithosphere and controlling the locus of rifting.
Survival, growth and biomass production of Moringa oleifera provenances at Gairo inland plateau and Ruvu Coastal Region in Tanzania

Survival, growth and biomass production was studied among 14 Moringa oleifera provenances at Gairo inland plateau-Morogoro, and Ruvu Coastal Region in Tanzania employing randomized complete block design with three replications. Growth assessment was done at six months intervals while biomass assessment was only done at 30 months. During final assessment, untransformed survival at Gairo site ranged from 65.33% for Chikwawa/Domasi (Malawi) to 98.67% for Ihumwa (Tanzania) while at Ruvu site, it ranged from 92% for PKM 2 (India) to 100% for Chikwawa/Domasi (Malawi), Mahalapye (Botswana) and Mbololo 472-029/03 (Kenya) provenances. Height ranged from 2.66 m for Makhanga (Malawi) to 5.04 m for Maun (Botswana) at Gairo site and from 4.82 m for Makhanga (Malawi) to 8.16 m for Maun (Botswana) at Ruvu site. Breast height diameter ranged from 2.80 cm for Makhanga (Malawi) to 6.07 cm for Mahalapye (Botswana) at Gairo site and from 5.18 cm for PKM 3 (India) to 8.58 cm for Maun (Botswana) at Ruvu site. Provenances Mahalapye and Maun (Botswana), Ihumwa (Tanzania), Mbololo 472-029/03 (Kenya) and PKM 1 (India) at Gairo site and Maun and Mahalapye (Botswana), Mbololo 472-029/03 (Kenya) and Ihumwa (Tanzania) at Ruvu site are recommended for planting at these and similar sites. Key words: Moringa, survival, growth, biomass production, Tanzania.
Edinburgh Research Explorer Gaia-ESO Survey:

Aims. We present observations from the Gaia-ESO Survey in the lines of H α , [N II], [S II] and He I of nebular emission in the central part of the Carina Nebula. Methods. We investigate the properties of the two already known kinematic components (approaching and receding, respectively), which account for the bulk of emission. Moreover, we investigate the features of the much less known low-intensity high-velocity (absolute RV > 50 km / s) gas emission. Results. We show that gas giving rise to H α and He I emission is dynamically well correlated, but not identical, to gas seen through forbidden-line emission. Gas temperatures are derived from line-width ratios, and densities from [S II] doublet ratios. The spatial variation of N ionization is also studied, and found to di ﬀ er between the approaching and receding components. The main result is that the bulk of the emission lines in the central part of Carina arises from several distinct shell-like expanding regions, the most evident found around η Car, the Trumpler 14 core, and the star WR25. Such “shells" are non-spherical, and show distortions probably caused by collisions with other shells or colder, higher-density gas. Part of them is also obscured by foreground dust lanes, while only very little dust is found in their interior. Preferential directions, parallel to the dark dust lanes, are found in the shell geometries and physical properties, probably related to strong density gradients in the studied region. We also ﬁnd evidence that the ionizing ﬂux emerging from η Car and the surrounding Homunculus nebula varies with polar angle. The high-velocity components in the wings of H α are found to arise from expanding dust reﬂecting the η Car spectrum.
A P ] 2 3 Se p 20 05 SHARP WELL-POSEDNESS AND ILL-POSEDNESS RESULTS FOR A QUADRATIC NON-LINEAR SCHRÖDINGER EQUATION

We establish that the quadratic non-linear Schrödinger equation iut + uxx = u 2 where u : R × R → C, is locally well-posed in H(R) when s ≥ −1 and ill-posed when s < −1. Previous work in [5] had established local well-posedness for s > −3/4. The local well-posedness is achieved by an iteration using a modification of the standard X spaces. The illposedness uses an abstract and general argument relying on the high-tolow frequency cascade present in the non-linearity, and a computation of the first non-linear iterate.
Impact of crop rotations on optimal selection of conservation practices for water quality protection

This research integrates modern multiobjective optimization tools, water quality modeling capability, and data on costs of implementing conservation practices to develop a tradeoff frontier of cost-efficient nonpoint source pollution reduction solutions, which can be used to derive the watershed-level pollution abatement cost curve. Farmers' decisions, both on the intensive and the extensive margin, are likely to affect the shape of the tradeoff frontier as well as the mix of conservation practices selected for achievement of given nutrient reduction goals. In this paper, we wish to explore the consequences of changes in the cropping practices on the intensive margin and changes in the amount of cropland on the extensive margin on the baseline water quality as well as the shape of the tradeoff frontier and the mix of conservation practices. An empirical application focuses on a typical Midwestern agricultural watershed, Squaw Creek watershed in central Iowa. Using detailed crop production budgets, we follow Secchi and Babcock (2007) to demonstrate an alternative land-use scenario, which could arise from recently observed changes in crop prices and production costs. We find that the change in cropping practices effects direct changes in the shape of the tradeoff frontier and the mix and location of conservation practices selected to achieve particular nutrient loading reductions. In particular, we find that a potential shift to more corn (Zea mays L.)-intensive crop rotations and an increase in the amount of cropland in the watershed may lead to increased loadings of both nitrate and phosphorus and that additional conservation investments are required to maintain water quality gains achieved under the baseline (historic) cropping practices. In terms of conservation practices selected, the optimal placement of terraces appears robust to the changes in crop rotations and amount of cropland in the alternative land-use scenario.
The Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics

The interpretation of quantum mechanics has been controversial since the introduction of quantum theory in the 1920s. Although the Copenhagen interpretation is commonly accepted, its usual formulation suffers from some serious drawbacks. Based mainly on Bohr's concepts, the formulation assumes an independent and essential validity of classical concepts running in parallel with quantum ones, and leaves open the possibility of their ultimate conflict. In this book, Roland Omnes examines a number of recent advances, which, combined, lead to a consistent revision of the Copenhagen interpretation. His aim is to show how this interpretation can fit all present experiments, to weed out unnecessary or questionable assumptions, and to assess the domain of validity where the older statements apply. The text offers a self-contained treatment of interpretation (in nonrelativistic physics) in a manner accessible to both physicists and students. Although some "hard" results are included, the concepts and mathematical developments are maintained at an undergraduate level. This book enables readers to check every step, apply the techniques to new problems and make sure that no paradox or obscurity
Aquatic Conservation : Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Pieraccini, M. , Coppa, S. , and De Lucia, G. A. (2016) Beyond marine paper parks? Regulation theory to assess and address environmental non-compliance. Aquatic Conserv: Mar. Freshw. Ecosyst. , which has been published in final form at doi: 10.1002/aqc.2632. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.
Review of best management practice reduction efficiencies in the Lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley

Agricultural best management practices (BMPs) can help reduce nutrient and sediment concentrations and loads leaving farm fields, which in turn can reduce negative impacts on downstream aquatic systems. For nearly three decades, significant federal investment in technical and financial assistance has been provided to implement farm BMPs. Of the conservation programs, only a few attempt to estimate the amount of nutrient and sediment reduction resulting from cost-shared practices, let alone potential positive effect on local or regional water quality. The current study provides a review of the scientific literature to determine nutrient reduction efficiency percentages for BMPs in row-crop agriculture within the Lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley (LMAV), an area with high delivery of both nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) to the Gulf of Mexico. The review consisted of multiple agricultural and biological database searches, a BMP effectiveness tool, and outreach to scientists. Only 18 articles (9 BMPs) provided BMP efficiencies that met specific criteria of (a) row-crop agriculture, (b) clay/silt loam soils, (c) slopes of 0% to 5%, and (d) occurrence within the LMAV. Best management practices included tillage management, wetlands, winter rice field management, subsurface drainage, and vegetated drainage ditches. The majority of the nine key BMPs for the LMAV provided significant nutrient reductions ranging from 15% to 100%. For seven BMPs that had total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) reduction efficiencies, the range was between 17% and 76%. Given the limited availability of BMP efficiency estimates within this physiographic region, these estimates should be used with caution. Significant resources should be committed to conducting replicable studies in the LMAV to provide the most reliable estimates possible of BMP effectiveness under a wide-range of realistic cropping, hydrological, and weather conditions in order to inform program and policy development and analysis.
Osteohistology of the Triassic Archosauromorphs Prolacerta, Proterosuchus, Euparkeria, and Erythrosuchus from the Karoo Basin of South Africa

ABSTRACT The South African non-archosauriform archosauromorph Prolacerta and the archosauriforms Proterosuchus, Erythrosuchus, and Euparkeria were important constituents of the Early to early Middle Triassic Karoo ecosystem following the end-Permian mass extinction. We present new data on the osteohistology of these stem archosaurs and provide insight into their paleobiology. Bone tissues of the Early Triassic Prolacerta contain a poorly defined fibro-lamellar complex, with parallelfibered bone in some regions, whereas the contemporaneous Proterosuchus exhibits rapidly forming uninterrupted fibrolamellar bone early in its ontogeny, which becomes slow forming lamellar-zonal bone with increasing age. The early Middle Triassic Erythrosuchus deposited highly vascularized, uninterrupted fibro-lamellar bone throughout ontogeny, whereas the growth of the contemporaneous Euparkeria was relatively slow and cyclical. When our data are combined with those of previous studies, preliminary results reveal that Early and Middle Triassic non-crown group archosauromorphs generally exhibit faster growth rates than many of those of the Late Triassic. Early rapid growth and rapid attainment of sexual maturity are consistent with life history expectations for taxa living in the unpredictable conditions following the end-Permian mass extinction. Further research with larger sample sizes will be required to determine the nature of the environmental pressures on these basal archosaurs.
Analysis of the market structures and systems for indigenous fruit trees: the case for Uapaca Kirkiana in Zambia

iii OPSOMMING iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENT v TABLE OF CONTENTS vii LIST OF FIGURES xii LIST OF TABLES xiii LIST OF PLATES xiv ACRONYMS/ABBREVIATIONS xv Chapter One: 1 Introductory Concepts to the Study 1 1.1 Background, Study Rationale and the Problem Statement 1 1.1.1 Background 1 1.1.2 The study rationale 2 1.1.3 The problem statement 2 1.2 Research Goal, Objectives and Questions 4 1.3 Structural Outline of the Thesis 5 Chapter Two: 6 Literature Review of the Trade in Uapaca kirkiana Fruit 6 2.1 Description of Uapaca kirkiana Muell. Arg. (Euphorbiacea) 6 2.1.1 Species distribution 6 2.1.2 Botanical characteristics 7 2.1.3 Socio-economic contribution of Uapaca kirkiana and other indigenous fruit trees in southern Africa 8 2.2 Resource Supply and Demand 12 2.3 Market Structure 12 2.3. 1 Market constituents and entry conditions 12 2.3. 2 Fruit marketing strategies 13 2.3. 4 Fruit market channels and cost structure 14
The estuary of the Hudson River, U. S. A

The Hudson River is a major waterway of the eastern seaboard of the United States. Its two major tributaries, the Mohawk and Hudson, combine to form the long narrow estuary of the Lower Hudson. The area is populous and industrially developed, and it is predicted that both domestic and industrial demands for water will increase, as well as the demand for waste disposal and for the maintenance of its recreational resources. Recent studies of the ecology of the Estuary, survey of the levels of pollutants in water, and their distribution between water, muds and the biota indicate that water quality may need control if problems of maintenance of fisheries, eutrophication, and drinking water quality are to be avoided. There is clearly a case for relevant research into the processes and pathways of pollutants within this aquatic ecosystem, and for the study of effects of pollutants on biological communities in relation to concentration and time of exposure. Estuaries are areas of great natural variations in environmental conditions and their flora and fauna is selected and restricted in its variety by the need to tolerate or regulate in the variable conditions. For this reason, the capacity of estuaries to accept pollutants which enhance natural variations is relatively great. The limits of environmental acceptance need to be determined by achieving the best reconciliation between industrial development and the maintenance of amenity.