Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adverse events in long-term studies of exogenous melatonin

ABSTRACT Introduction Exogenous melatonin is regulated as a drug in the UK and EU but is available as an over-the-counter dietary supplement in the US and Canada. In the last 15 years, melatonin use has increased rapidly in many countries, in particular, in children and adolescents who frequently have many years of continuous exposure. Despite this, the potential risks associated with extended use continue to be unclear, and there remains a lack of systematically assessed safety data from long-term prospective trials. Areas covered This review focuses on adverse event data reported in long-term (≥6 months) prospective trials of melatonin. Methods The Embase and Medline electronic databases were searched from inception to 12 September 2022 for long-term studies of melatonin, in which adverse events were systematically monitored and reported. Expert opinion Although the reported frequency of possible adverse events associated with long-term melatonin use is low and few clinically significant adverse events have been reported, the scarcity of data from double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trials should caution against complacency. Ideally, analysis of data from large well-established research databases should be conducted to provide good quality evidence on which to base a more rigorous evaluation of the safety profile.
The Completeness of Mechanistic Explanations

The paper discusses methodological guidelines for evaluating mechanistic explanations. According to current accounts, a satisfactory mechanistic explanation should include all of the relevant features of the mechanism, its component entities and activities, and their properties and organization, as well as exhibit productive continuity. It is not specified, however, how this kind of mechanistic completeness can be demonstrated. I argue that parameter sufficiency inferences based on mathematical model simulations provide a way of determining whether a mechanism capable of producing the phenomenon of interest can be constructed from mechanistic components organized, acting, and having the properties described in the mechanistic explanation.
“They Sit with the Discomfort, They Sit with the Pain Instead of Coming Forward”: Muslim Students’ Awareness, Attitudes, and Challenges Mobilizing Sexual Violence Education on Campus

There is limited literature on anti-sexual violence programming on college campuses for historically underrepresented groups in the United States, including, and especially, for Muslim students. This study will explore the following questions: (a) What is Muslim students’ awareness of sexual violence on college campuses? (b) What are Muslim students’ attitudes towards sexual violence? , and (c) What challenges do Muslim survivors and allies of sexual violence face on college campuses? A mixed methods analysis of quantitative (n = 91) and qualitative data (n = 8) was utilized to understand the impact of anti-sexual violence advocacy programming on college campuses. Results demonstrate that Muslim women reported knowing more survivors of sexual assault than Muslim men. Women also reported significantly higher levels of disagreement with victim-blaming statements compared to men. Qualitative interviews with eight student leaders demonstrated challenges to sexual assault programming on campus, include Islamophobia, power struggles between student groups, denial that sexual violence is a problem, and a lack of engagement from men. Results from this study highlight several key findings including (1) rape culture attitudes vary significantly between Muslim men and Muslim women, (2) barriers to facilitating sexual violence programming include several systems of oppression, and (3) the urgent need to provide nuanced programming to support minoritized youth communities on college campuses.
THE WAY OF JAVANESE PEOPLE MAINTAIN IN THE JAVANESE LANGUAGE IN DUSUN KAMPUNG BANJAR-LABURA

ABSTRACT This research deals with describing Javanese language maintenance in Dusun Kampung Banjar Labuhanbatu Utara. This research is conducted by using qualitative method. This research aims to examine the way of Javanese people maintain the Javanese language in Dusun Kampung Banjar. The data were collected from nine persons (male and females) of Javanese people using the observation and interview. The observation was used to examine researcher found there are some ways of Javanese people maintain the Javanese language. The data were analyzed by Miles, Huberman, and Saldana (2014). There are four ways affecting Javanese language maintenance in the Dusun Kampung Banjar namely; There are four ways to maintain Javanese language in Dusun Kampung Banjar namely; Acquisition of the language by adults (21.7%), Number of people habitually using the language (34.8%), All age group encourage in the language (26%), and Using a language to next generation (17.4%).
Phase diagram and optical conductivity ofLa1.8−xEu0.2SrxCuO4

La1.8-xEu0.2SrxCuO4 (LESCO) is the member of the 214 family which exhibits the largest intervals among the structural, charge ordering (CO), magnetic, and superconducting transition temperatures. By using new dc transport measurements and data in the literature we construct the phase diagram of LESCO between x = 0.8 and 0.20. This phase diagram has been further probed in ac, by measuring the optical conductivity {\sigma}1({\omega}) of three single crystals with x = 0.11, 0.125, and 0.16 between 10 and 300 K in order to associate the extra-Drude peaks often observed in the 214 family with a given phase. The far-infrared peak we detect in underdoped LESCO is the hardest among them, survives up to room temperature and is associated with charge localization rather than with ordering. At the CO transition for the commensurate doping x = 0.125 instead the extra-Drude peak hardens and a pseudogap opens in {\sigma}1({\omega}), approximately as wide as the maximum superconducting gap of LSCO.
Square Monopole Antenna for Ultra Wide Band Communication Applications

In this paper, we present a detailed study of a printed square monopole antenna for Ultra Wide Band (UWB) communication applications. The 2:1 VSWR bandwidth of the proposed antenna is from 2.87–14 GHz. The antenna can be made to reject particular frequency bands by introducing narrow slits on the patch. In addition, the rejection band can be easily tuned for centre frequency, VSWR and rejection bandwidth by adjusting the slit parameters. In the proposed antenna, slits are introduced to reject the IEEE802.11a and HIPERLAN/2 bands used for WLAN applications. The antenna is analyzed in both frequency and time domains. Radiation patterns of the antenna are omnidirectional with appreciable gain throughout the band. Transient analysis indicates linear phase response and minimum pulse distortion.
Prolactin-Releasing Peptide Contributes to Stress-Related Mood Disorders and Inhibits Sleep/Mood Regulatory Melanin-Concentrating Hormone Neurons in Rats

Stress disorders impair sleep and quality of life; however, their pathomechanisms are unknown. Prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP) is a stress mediator; we therefore hypothesized that PrRP may be involved in the development of stress disorders. PrRP is produced by the medullary A1/A2 noradrenaline (NA) cells, which transmit stress signals to forebrain centers, and by non-NA cells in the hypothalamic dorsomedial nucleus. We found in male rats that both PrRP and PrRP-NA cells innervate melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) producing neurons in the dorsolateral hypothalamus (DLH). These cells serve as a key hub for regulating sleep and affective states. Ex vivo, PrRP hyperpolarized MCH neurons and further increased the hyperpolarization caused by NA. Following sleep deprivation, intracerebroventricular PrRP injection reduced the number of REM sleep-active MCH cells. PrRP expression in the dorsomedial nucleus was upregulated by sleep deprivation, while downregulated by REM sleep rebound. Both in learned helplessness paradigm and after peripheral inflammation, impaired coping with sustained stress was associated with (1) overactivation of PrRP cells, (2) PrRP protein and receptor depletion in the DLH, and (3) dysregulation of MCH expression. Exposure to stress in the PrRP-insensitive period led to increased passive coping with stress. Normal PrRP signaling, therefore, seems to protect animals against stress-related disorders. PrRP signaling in the DLH is an important component of the PrRP's action, which may be mediated by MCH neurons. Moreover, PrRP receptors were downregulated in the DLH of human suicidal victims. As stress-related mental disorders are the leading cause of suicide, our findings may have particular translational relevance. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Treatment resistance to monoaminergic antidepressants is a major problem. Neuropeptides that modulate the central monoaminergic signaling are promising targets for developing alternative therapeutic strategies. We found that stress-responsive prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP) cells innervated melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) neurons that are crucial in the regulation of sleep and mood. PrRP inhibited MCH cell activity and enhanced the inhibitory effect evoked by noradrenaline, a classic monoamine, on MCH neurons. We observed that impaired PrRP signaling led to failure in coping with chronic/repeated stress and was associated with altered MCH expression. We found alterations of the PrRP system also in suicidal human subjects. PrRP dysfunction may underlie stress disorders, and fine-tuning MCH activity by PrRP may be an important part of the mechanism.
Peculiarities of light reflection from metals covered with molecular J- and H-aggregates

In this paper, the reflection of light from a metal surface covered with thin film comprising resonant materials (for example, atoms, molecules, molecular aggregates, and quantum dots) is considered. It was found that dips appear in the reflection spectrum. In the case of atoms or molecules, two dips appear. In the particular case of molecular J-aggregates (when dielectric permittivity is not isotropic), the dip corresponds to the frequency of the dielectric permittivity resonance of the thin transition layer for S- and P-polarization of incident light. For molecular H-aggregates, the dip corresponds to the frequency where the dielectric permittivity of the transition layer becomes zero (only for P-polarization of incident light). The origin of such an effect is also discussed.
Wide‐beam bent cross‐shaped DRA antenna for wide‐angle beam‐scanning phased array

In the paper, a bent cross‐shaped dielectric resonator antenna element with wide half‐power beamwidth of 224.9° is proposed and applied for designing a 1 × 8 wide‐angle beam‐scanning linear phased array. To obtain small gain drop and reduce the mutual coupling of the scanning array, the dielectric wall loaded rectangular truncated slots are inserted. For validation, a prototype operating at 5.8 GHz is designed. Measurement results indicate that the main beam of the designed phased array can scan from −70° to +70° GHz with a gain drop of less than 1.75 dB and a sidelobe level of less than −5.08 dB.
Relation between surface helical waves and elastic cylinder resonances

In this paper, the authors deal with theoretical and experimental studies about the acoustic scattering by an elastic solid cylinder immersed in water, at oblique incidence. Comparisons are made between the calculated form function and measured scattered pressure for incidence angles varying from 0° to 30°, in the normalized frequency range 0–30. The behavior of the resonances when the incidence angle increases is shown and the connection between helical surface waves propagation and resonance is explained, using the contributions of the resonance scattering theory and the Sommerfeld–Watson transformation. More accurately, resonances are due to the phase matching of circumnavigating helical surface waves, and a refraction effect is found to take place between the incident and the helical surface wave direction of propagation, which clearly explains the resonance shift with respect to incidence angle variations. Guided waves appear at oblique incidence with a polarization primarily transverse at small inci.
Lactic acidosis induces metabolic and phenotypic reprogramming in cholangiocarcinoma cells via the upregulation of thrombospondin‐1

The high glycolytic activity of cancer cells leads to lactic acidosis (LA) in the tumor microenvironment. LA is not merely a consequence of metabolic activities but also has functional roles in metabolic reprogramming and cancer progression. Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cells exhibit a high dependency on glycolysis for survival and growth, but the specific effects of LA on cellular characteristics remain unknown. Here, we demonstrate that long‐term LA (LLA) reprograms the metabolic phenotype of CCA cells from glycolytic to oxidative and enhances their migratory activity. In CCA cell culture, short‐term LA (24 h) showed a growth inhibitory effect, while extended LA exposure for more than 2 weeks (LLA) led to enhanced cell motility. Coincidentally, LLA enhanced the respiratory capacity with an increase in mitochondrial mass. Inhibition of mitochondrial function abolished LLA‐induced cell motility, suggesting that metabolic remodeling affects the phenotypic outcomes. RNA‐sequencing analysis revealed that LLA upregulated genes associated with cell migration and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), including thrombospondin‐1 (THBS1), which encodes a pro‐EMT‐secreted protein. Inhibition of THBS1 resulted in the suppression of both LLA‐induced cell motility and respiratory capacity. Moreover, high THBS1 expression was associated with poor survival in patients with CCA. Collectively, our study suggests that the increased expression of THBS1 by LLA promotes phenotypic alterations, leading to CCA progression.
Sex Differences in Arteriovenous Fistula Failure: Insights from Bioinformatics Analysis

(1) Background: Arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) are the preferred access for hemodialysis. Unfortunately, about 60% of patients, especially female patients, fail to receive normal dialysis within one year after surgery because of AVF failure. However, the underlying mechanisms caused by sex differences in AVF failure remain unclear. (2) Methods: We performed analysis of DEGs and functional analysis with the dataset GSE119296 to reveal the biology underlying AVF failure. Immune responses were calculated using CIBERSORT. A protein–protein interaction network and hub gene were constructed using STRING and stepwise identification of potential drugs was performed online. (3) Results: Functional analysis showed that extracellular matrix reprogramming and PI3K-AKT pathway enrichment were significant in both male and female patients. COL1A1 was the hub gene in male patients, whereas CDK1 was the hub gene in female patients. Immune responses including γδ-T cells and mast cells are activated in female patients while no significant differences were noted in the male group. (4) Conclusions: In this study, we used a series of mature and recognized bioinformatic strategies to determine the following items: (1) Reveal the pathogenesis of AVF failure through HUB genes and signaling pathways between the different sexes. (2) Determine the relationship between sex differences in AVF failure and immune abnormalities. (3) Search for relevant sex-specific drugs targeting AVF failure.
Current status of point of care ultrasonography for the perioperative care of trauma patients

Purpose of review The incorporation of point of care ultrasound into the field of anesthesiology and perioperative medicine is growing at rapid pace. The benefits of this modality align with the acuity of patient care and decision-making in anesthetic care of a trauma patient. Recent findings Cardiac ultrasound can be used to diagnose cardiac tamponade or investigate the inferior vena cava to assess volume status in patients who may suffer from hemorrhagic shock. Thoracic ultrasound may be used to rapidly identify pneumothorax or hemothorax in a patient suffering chest wall trauma. In addition, investigators are exploring the utility of ultrasonography in traumatic airway management and elevated intracranial pressure. In addition, the utility of gastric ultrasound on trauma patients is briefly discussed. Summary Incorporation of point of care ultrasound techniques into the practice of trauma anesthesiology is important for noninvasive, mobile and expeditious assessment of trauma patients. In addition, further large-scale studies are needed to investigate how point of care ultrasound impacts outcomes in trauma patients.
DYNAMIC MODELING AND OPTIMAL CONTROL OF A POSITIVE BUOYANCY DIVING AUTONOMOUS VEHICLE

The positive buoyancy diving autonomous vehicle combines the features of an Unmanned Surface Vessel (USV) and an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) for marine measurement and monitoring. It can also be used to study reasonable and efficient positive buoyancy diving techniques for underwater robots. In order to study the optimization of low power consumption and high efficiency cruise motion of the positive buoyancy diving vehicle, its dynamic modeling has been established. The optimal cruising speed for low energy consumption of the positive buoyancy diving vehicle is determined by numerical simulation. The Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) controller is designed to optimize the dynamic error and the actuator energy consumption of the vehicle in order to achieve the optimal fixed depth tracking control of the positive buoyancy diving vehicle. The results demonstrate that the LQR controller has better performance than PID, and the system adjustment time of the LQR controller is reduced by approximately 56% relative to PID. The motion optimization control method proposed can improve the endurance of the positive buoyancy diving vehicle, and has a certain application value.
Dissipation kinetics, decontamination and dietary risk assessment of imidacloprid residue in bitter gourd and soil

Imidacloprid is a broad-spectrum neonicotinoid class insecticide with systemic action, widely used on vegetables in India for the management of sucking insect pests. The overall pesticide usage profile in gourds growing districts of Tamil Nadu showed that imidacloprid as the most commonly used insecticide. The present study aimed to develop and validate an analytical approach for detecting imidacloprid and 6-chloronicotinic acid residues in bitter gourd fruit, juice and soil using LC-EI-MS (liquid chromatography coupled with electron ionization mass spectrometry) was undertaken. The persistence pattern, effect of household processing and risk assessment of imidacloprid on bitter gourd was studied by conducting field trials at single and double doses of 20 and 40 g a.i ha-1. Calibration curves showed a good linear relationship (r2>0.99) with the concentrations (0.0025–0.5 µg mL-1) of imidacloprid and 6-chloronicotinic acid. The limit of detection and quantification of the method were 0.008 and 0.025 mg kg-1, respectively. Accuracy of imidacloprid and 6-chloronicotinic acid residue recovery was in the range of 88–101 per cent with RSD of less than six per cent in all the matrices of bitter gourd. Initial deposits of imidacloprid at 20 and 40 g a.i ha-1 were 0.68 and 1.25 mg kg-1 and the residues persisted up to 10 and 15 days with their respective half-lives of 2.51 and 3.13 days. Simple decontamination techniques showed 33 to 80 per cent reduction of residues in samples collected up to 10 days after treatment. The estimated RQ was less than one indicating the level of risk to the consumer is negligible.
Duality and randomization in nonlinear programming

We consider the NLP optimization problem ? and discuss the duality gap between P and ? The convex problem D is in fact the dual of a ``relaxed'' version of P via ``randomization'' which permits to give a simple interpretation for the presence or absence of a duality gap in the general case. Several particular cases are also discussed and the case of homogeneous functions is given special attention.
Electrodeposition of Silver Nanoparticles on Indium-Doped Tin Oxide Using Hydrogel Electrolyte for Hydrogen Peroxide Sensing

Nanoparticles are used in various fields, including fuel cells, energy conversion devices, and sensors, because of their large surface area and excellent catalytic properties. Although various methods of synthesizing nanoparticles are available, the most popular is the solution-phase reduction of metal ions. Electrodeposition is a method of reducing metal ions in solution and is widely used because of its various advantages. In this study, Ag nanoparticles with a narrow size distribution were evenly dispersed on the surface of an electrode by applying electrodeposition in an agarose hydrogel medium instead of in solution, confirming the feasibility of Ag deposition in agarose hydrogel, even at a lower reduction potential than that in solution. These results are attributed to the electrolyte effect owing to the hydrophilic backbone of the agarose hydrogel and the gel effect, which reduces unexpected convection. H2O2 was detected by using the Ag nanoparticles synthesized in agarose hydrogel, and the limit of detection for H2O2 was found to be 4.82 µM, with a dynamic range of 1–500 µM. The nanoparticle synthesis platform proposed in this study is expected to be actively used for the synthesis of other metal/nonmetal nanoparticles.
Scandal maketh the man? The evolution of Hugh Grant and the celebrity confessional

ABSTRACT Following a range of supporting roles in the late 1980s, Hugh Grant’s breakthrough performance in Four Weddings and A Funeral (1994) established him as Britain’s ‘go-to’ romantic lead. And yet, a potentially career-ending sex scandal while on the verge of Hollywood stardom could be considered the making of the man. By analysing press coverage using analytical approaches and frameworks from celebrity studies, this article shows how several flashpoints in Grant’s personal life and subsequent ‘celebrity confessionals’ have been central to Grant’s enduring popularity and evolving star persona. As I argue, scandals across three decades, and subsequent confessionals are mirrored in Grant’s maturing onscreen persona – from commitment-phobic characters, to experimentation with satire and comedy for the American market, to his triumphant return in British biography/dramedies. This article considers Grant’s evolving and unique engagement with the media as a type of ‘reverse confessional’ – where Grant’s confessions subsequently expose the shifting nature of celebrity engagement with the media, and less desirable aspects of the (British) tabloid press. In sum, I contend the reverse narrative mode employed by Grant as an ‘image restoration strategy’ has allowed him to reclaim his own narrative and expose key truths about privacy, press coverage, and contemporary celebrity culture.