Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Musharakah Financing in Empowering Small Micro Enterprises

The present study aims to analyse the effectiveness of musharakah financing for empowering micro-businesses in the perspective of entrepreneurs. This research is qualitative research using a critical analysis method. This study uses interviews as a research instrument to find out what factors affect the effectiveness of musharakah financing in empowering micro small business of BMT entrepreneurs in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. Entrepreneurs from two BMT in Yogyakarta had been interviewed. The results showed that BMT musharakah financing played an important role in the business development of Micro and Small Business, especially in terms of increasing business capital, easy access to take financing and a small amount of instalments. In addition, musharakah financing is effective in encouraging MSE empowerment, to increase the amount of merchandise inventory, add new types of products, expand businesses and add new equipment for business facilities. This study limits the ability to generate findings to a larger population of small-micro enterprises which obtain shariah financing from Islamic microfinance institutions (Baitul Maal Wat Tamwil) in Indonesia. The research findings can be used on how to empower small-micro enterprises with the Islamic financing and the development of Islamic microfinance institutions. This paper has contributed to the approach of empowering small micro-businesses with musharakah financing, which is considered to have a less contribution to BMT income. In addition, this study uses a critical analysis method to get a new perspective on the use of musharakah financing from the view of small entrepreneurs.
Transcriptome Analysis of Immune Response Process in Yellow Catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) During Edwardsiella tarda Exposure

Edwardsiella tarda, the causative agent of ascites disease, is a major fish pathogen and has caused significant economic losses in aquaculture. To decipher the immune response process challenged by E. tarda in yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco), the transcriptomic profiles of the spleens infected with bacteria at 6 h, 24 h, and 72 h were obtained using the Illumina sequencing platform. After de novo assembly, a total of 158,124 unigenes were detected. To further investigate the immune-related DEGs, gene ontology (GO) enrichment and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathway analysis were performed. Immune pathways about antigen processing and presentation pathway, complement and coagulation cascades pathway, and apoptosis pathway were combined to discussed in this study. Additionally, 10 immune-related DEGs in these three immune pathways were randomly selected for expression verification by quantitative Real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The data generated in this study provides a valuable resource for further immune response research and offers efficient strategies against E. tarda infection in yellow catfish.
Glider Observations of Thermohaline Staircases in the Tropical North Atlantic Using an Automated Classifier

Abstract. Thermohaline staircases are stepped structures of alternating thick mixed layers and thin high gradient interfaces. These structures can be up to several tens of metres thick and are associated with double-diffusive mixing. Thermohaline staircases occur across broad swathes of the Arctic and tropical/subtropical oceans and can increase rates of diapycnal mixing by up to five times the background rate, driving substantial nutrient fluxes to the upper ocean. In this study, we present an improved classification algorithm to detect thermohaline staircases in ocean glider profiles. We use a dataset of 1162 glider profiles from the tropical North Atlantic collected in early 2020 at the edge of a known thermohaline staircase region. The algorithm identifies thermohaline staircases in 97.7 % of profiles that extend deeper than 300 m. We validate our algorithm against previous results obtained from algorithmic classification of Argo float profiles. Using fine resolution temperature data from a fast-response thermistor on one of the gliders, we explore the effect of varying vertical bin sizes on detected thermohaline staircases. Our algorithm builds on previous work with improved flexibility and the ability to classify staircases from profiles with poor salinity data. Using our results, we propose that the incidence of thermohaline staircases is limited by strong background vertical gradients in conservative temperature and absolute salinity.
Learning Discriminative Text Representation for Streaming Social Event Detection

Event detection on social platforms can help people perceive essential events and make actionable decisions. Existing document-pivot streaming social event detection methods generally embed documents and perform text clustering. They face the challenges of constantly changing context and unknown event categories and struggle by designing compound text representation methods and various similarity measures. However, phased, well-designed methods are excessively fragile and unable to utilize the potential of text representations fully. Meanwhile, their complex threshold settings result in clustering-based event detection suffering the pain of ever-changing environments. We propose a text representation learning method namely Text Similarity Contrastive Learning Neural Network (Text-SimCLNN) to tackle these challenges. Text-SimCLNN uses smaller parts to learn the similarity probability of text pairs from semantic and structural perspectives, effectively bridging the gap between text representation learning and similarity measure in streaming event detection. Event discovery and merging in streams can be easily performed based on the learned representations, and we use various techniques to speed up such processes. Furthermore, we introduce an online update mechanism that uses heterogeneous graphs to generate high-quality samples to enable stable and reliable inductive learning. Extensive experiments on two real-world datasets demonstrate that our method far exceeds state-of-the-art (SOTA).
49.4: Long Viewing Distance and Large Depth of Field Augmented Reality (AR) 3D Display Based on MEMS Laser Projection Array

The light collimation performance of each imaging unit in integral photography determines the viewing distance and depth of the field of the stereoscopic scene. MEMS laser projector has a good light collimation effect. Our work is to implement MEMS array extension through the subtle design of light paths. The single‐line MEMS scanning array and the multi‐mirror array are finely coordinated. Projection array realizes stereo display by transforming spatial pixels into angle information. The 3D light field is rendered using the space‐time multiplexing technology of MEMS laser scan projection. On this basis, we try to replace the multi‐mirror array with a semi‐transmission and semi‐reflection mirror array to achieve augmented reality. The mirror array can balance the number of views and pixels. The depth information of the real object is obtained using the structured light scanning technology of the depth camera. The calibration, registration, accurate fusion, and in‐situ superposition of the 3D reconstruction scene and the natural scene are realized.
Boosting the fundamental output voltage in delta modulated inverters

This letter presents an improved delta modulator with a proportional integral controller that generates a switching pattern that can handle inverter switching requirements with minimum complexity. The new delta modulator also optimizes the slope of the feedback signal, window width, and magnitude of the delta modulator (DM) reference signal. It has been found that proper selection of these parameters plays a vital role in the design of voltage source inverters with special applications in adjustable speed drives.
Model for the power spectral density of quantization noise

A model is given for the spectrum of the noise produced by passing a signal through a uniform quantizer. The model requires knowledge only of the amplitude distribution of the derivative of this signal. The model is compared with experimental results for a sinusoidal input signal and the sum of two sinusoids. Conditions are given under which the quantization noise spectrum is white.
Fracture mechanics life prediction for microscale components, with application to wire bonding

Experimental and analytical results on the lifetime of 25 mu m diameter aluminum 1% silicon wire bonds subject to on/off current cycling are presented, along with related scanning electron microscopy of the heel area of the bond. The analytical results utilize a steady-state temperature solution for the wire in conjunction with finite element stress analysis to provide inputs to fracture mechanics calculations of fatigue crack growth. These calculations utilize macroscopic material properties, but with a fatigue crack growth threshold of zero. Good agreement between experiments and prediction was obtained, with scatter in the observations accounted for by consideration of a reasonable range of initial crack sizes. The results indicate that fracture mechanics techniques utilizing macroscopic material properties are applicable to life prediction of microscale components. <<ETX>>
The dual risk model under a mixed ratcheting and periodic dividend strategy

Abstract In this article, we consider an extended dual risk model under a mixed dividend strategy, which is a combination of ratcheting dividend strategy and periodic dividend strategy. The expected present value of dividends paid up to ruin is studied by using Lévy fluctuation theory, and its accurate expression is given in terms of scale functions. Numerical analysis under three different gain distributions is given for characterizing the impact of parameters on the expected present value of dividends paid up to ruin.
Phase Modulation Technique for Harmonic Beamforming in Time-Modulated Arrays

In this article, a novel high-efficiency harmonic beamforming technique based on time-modulated arrays (TMAs) with multistate time modulators is proposed. The typical single-sideband TMAs suppress the image harmonic components in the radio frequency (RF) channel, which means low power conversion efficiency, large power consumption, and a major heat dissipation problem. To circumvent these constraints, we present a novel phase modulation (PM) waveform with a linear phase that can be easily constructed using multiple fixed delay lines and a pair of single-pole-multi-throw (SPMT) RF switches. This fundamental PM waveform enables the creation of uniform radiation patterns. Furthermore, two complementary methodologies are proposed for synthesizing more advanced radiation patterns that need nonuniform array weights. One method is to change the linear phase slope of PM waveforms that exhibit sideband radiation but have 100% feeding network efficiency. The other option is to investigate hybrid amplitude and PM (HAPM) waveforms, which suffer from inefficiencies in the feeding network but do not exhibit sideband radiation. Besides, the comprehensive efficiency evaluation formulas have been effectively derived. Simulations have been done to verify its effectiveness.
Optimising inventory placement in a two-echelon distribution system with fulfillment-time-dependent demand

We study a two-echelon, single-product fulfillment system where a regional fulfillment center (FC) replenishes multiple independent local distribution center (LDC) orders within an internal committed resupply leadtime, and LDCs serve end customers within a committed demand fulfillment time, or committed delivery time. Expected system-wide demand depends on the product's price, the committed delivery time, and the number of LDCs in the system. Our proposed model determines the values of product price, committed resupply time, and committed delivery time that maximise expected system-wide profit per period, while accounting for product holding costs and fixed facility costs. We characterise key properties of optimal solutions that permit an efficient solution for a fixed number of LDCs, and consider the impacts of several proposed demand growth models as the number of LDCs increases. The results of a computational study provide interesting managerial insights on how operational constraints and the scale of the distribution system influence strategic stock placement and distribution system structure.
Calculation of the optimal clip dimensioning to minimize the influence of fabrication imperfections on the acceleration sensitivity of SC-cut quartz resonators with stiffened rectangular support systems

Recent work on the determination of optimal orientations and aspect ratios of SC-cut quartz resonators stiffened by rectangular quartz plates has shown that the influence of fabrication imperfections is minimized when two clips of reasonable size are used on each of the large sides. In this work existing computer programs are used in the calculation of the influence of the spacing between the two clips and the stiffnesses of the clips on the sensitivity to fabrication imperfections in order to find optimal conditions. Both contoured and flat plate trapped energy are treated. The smaller dimension of the support rectangle is determined by a criterion associated with the energy in the mode shape for each particular harmonic. A summary of recommendations based on all the calculations is presented. <<ETX>>
Flood diversions and bypasses: Benefits and challenges

While levees are typically the focus of attention during floods, and higher levees are commonly demanded by the public for flood protection, levees alone cannot manage floods. Flood diversions take water from a flooding river to reduce stage in the main river, diverting excess flow to another location, often providing important ecological functions. Flood diversions are critically important complements to levees in managing floods on the Mississippi and Sacramento rivers, and elsewhere, with early examples going back 3000 years. Diversions range widely in design and function, so we propose a typology: flood bypasses, reconnected floodplains, compound channels, backwaters, distributaries, and inter‐basin transfers. Flood bypasses route floodwaters around critical reaches, rejoining the river downstream; they can be tunnels and hard‐engineered channels or wide areas of floodplain designated to convey flood flows, along a continuum of increasing residence time, greater potential for ecological benefit, but also greater land requirements. Managing the flow split (bifurcation) at the start of the flow diversion can be tricky. The flow split will depend on the angle and elevation difference between main channel and diversion, and can be affected by land subsidence, deposition of sediment, and accumulation of debris in either channel or control structures. One of the greatest challenges is keeping flow paths in the diversion free of development incompatible with inundation, but as these are often private lands and local governments are reluctant to withhold building permits, it has proved difficult to prevent such development, especially when the diversion is active only rarely.
Design and analysis of an optical waveguide tap for silicon CMOS circuits

A compact low-loss optical tap technology is critical for the incorporation of optical interconnects into mainstream complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) processes. For this work, an effort has been made to establish an optimal integrated optical tap design in terms of optical loss, bandwidth, economy, and process compatibility with multimetal layer CMOS circuits. A new device, which is based on a variation of the multimode interference effect, has been found to be especially promising. Two-dimensional (2-D) and three-dimensional (3-D) simulation results show low excess optical loss (<0.1 dB) for the design, and a nominal 40% (2.2 dB) optical coupling into the CMOS circuitry over a wide range of guide to substrate distances. Simulated tap devices are on the order of 15 [tin in length. Polymer waveguide materials are targeted for tap fabrication due to planarization properties, low cost, broad index control, and poling abilities for modulation-tuning functions. Low-cost silicon CMOS-based processing makes the new tap technology especially suitable for computer multichip module and board level interconnects, as well as for metro fiber to the home and desk telecommunications applications.
Space-vector based, constant frequency, direct torque control and dead beat stator flux control of AC machines

This paper presents a simple inverter switching strategy that achieves direct torque control and dead-beat control of stator flux. In the proposed predictive control scheme, the switching information is obtained directly from the error in flux. This approach is simpler than the methods of torque and flux control in which a reference voltage vector is generated to obtain the inverter duty cycle. The distinct advantages of this scheme lie in achieving a constant switching frequency operation and excellent performance at low operating frequencies.
Seasonal dynamics and optimal diagnostics of Grapevine red blotch virus in a British Columbian vineyard

Abstract Tracking the occurrence and spread of Grapevine red blotch virus (GRBV) depends on robust and reliable diagnostics. Tissue sampling strategy and optimal choice of molecular test are critical for diagnostic success. This study investigated GRBV titres from several grapevine tissues, including roots, buds, cortical scrapings, and leaves, at varying distances from the cordons, and at different times during the growing season and winter dormancy. Two common nucleic acid extraction techniques were compared, a low-cost high-throughput nucleic acid extraction method (GES) and a DNA column purification method. Optimal combinations of sampling parameters were determined for summer and winter diagnostics. In dormant samples, cortical scrapings yielded the highest GRBV titres and produced no false-negatives. In summer samples, basal leaves yielded high GRBV titres throughout the summer months, with only one false negative on the earliest sample date. These two tissues provide the best samples for reliable and reproducible GRBV diagnostics. The crude GES and DNA column purification methods performed comparably well for binary diagnostics, however, the GES method performed poorly in quantitative analysis.
More Than Figures on Your Laptop: (Dis)trustful Implementation of Learning Analytics

The adoption of learning analytics (LA) in complex educational systems is woven into sociocultural and technical challenges that have induced distrust in data and difficulties in scaling LA. This paper presents a study that investigated areas of distrust and threats to trustworthy LA through a series of consultations with teaching staff and students at a large UK university. Surveys and focus groups were conducted to explore participant expectations of LA. The observed distrust is broadly attributed to three areas: the subjective nature of numbers, the fear of power diminution, and approaches to design and implementation of LA. The paper highlights areas to maintain existing trust with policy procedures and areas to cultivate trust by engaging with tensions arising from the social process of LA.
A 0.3 to 3 GHz monolithic vector modulation for adaptive array systems

A monolithic vector modulator element has been demonstrated that combines the biphase modulation and gain control functions on a single chip covering the 0.3- to 3-GHz frequency band. Over 50 dB of gain control is provided. The implementation and the MMIC (monolithic microwave integrated circuit) description are presented, and the RF performance is discussed. <<ETX>>
Miniaturised dual-band bandpass filter using modified SIR

A novel miniaturised dual-band bandpass filter using a single modified stepped impedance resonator (SIR) is presented. Some different shaped slots cutting on the middle patch of the SIR are adopted to improve the return loss in the two passbands and control the resonant frequencies. Meanwhile, the impedance ratio can be changed by changing L or W to tune the resonant frequencies. To improve the selectivity and achieve a high out-of-band rejection, source-load coupling is utilised. The simulated and measured results are presented and show good agreement.
INTRA-ARTICULAR OZONE OR HYALURONIC ACID INJECTION IN PATIENTS WITH KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS

Objective: To compare the effect of ozone and hyaluronic acid for pain relief in patients of knee osteoarthritis. Study Design: Randomized clinical trial Place of study: Study was conducted at Orthopedic department, Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan. Duration of study: study was completed in one year from February 2019 to February 2020. Methodology: A total of 200 patients were included in the study through non-probability consecutive sampling and divided into two groups (A and B) through lottery method. Collected data was entered and analyzed by using SPSS version 24, mean and standard deviation were calculated for numerical data like age, and Visual Analog Scale (VAS scale) and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC score). Frequency and numbers were calculated for qualitative data like gender. Paired t-test and chi square test were applied to see significance of data, p-value less than or equal to 0.05 was considered as significant. Results: Mean age, BMI, WOMAC and VAS of ozone therapy’s patients was 55.85±4.56 years, 26.01±1.75 kg/m, 42.23±7.30 and 7.35±1.90 respectively. Mean VAS, WOMAC pain, WOMAC stiffness, WOMAC function and WOMAC total of the HA therapy’s (before) patients was 6.62±2.25, 8.62±1.89, 1.91±1.08, 27.59±2.64 and 37.67±4.06 respectively. While, the mean VAS, WOMAC pain, WOMAC stiffness, WOMAC function and WOMAC total of the HA therapy’s (after) patients was 3.08±1.68, 2.97±1.21, 1.0±0.48, 13.36±2.39 and 17.40±3.64 respectively. According to paired sample t test, the difference was statistically significant at (p<0.05). Conclusion: Results of our study concluded that ozone oxygen and hyaluronic acid is equally effective for relieve of pain in knee osteoarthritis. There was no significant difference among groups which shows that no drug has superiority on each other.
Internal Structure Characterization of Asphalt Concrete Using Image Analysis

The performance of asphalt concrete (AC) mixtures is influenced by the arrangement of aggregates and their associated air voids. Parameters to measure aggregate orientation, aggregate gradation, and air void distribution in AC mixes are proposed. Computer automated image analysis procedures were used to measure these parameters. The air void distribution was characterized using X-ray tomography images. The new parameters were used to study the evolution of the internal structure of AC mixes during laboratory compaction by the Superpave Gyratory Compactor and in the field. The preferred orientation of the aggregate structure in the laboratory was found to increase with compaction up to a certain compaction effort. Thereafter, the aggregate structure tended to have more random orientation. Percent voids measured on X-ray tomography images compared well with percent voids measured in the laboratory. The void distribution in the specimens was found to be nonuniform. More internal voids were concentrated at the top and the bottom portions of the gyratory compacted specimen. The gyratory compacted specimens reached the initial aggregate orientation of the field cores at a higher number of gyrations whereas they reached the percent air voids in cores at a lower number of gyrations. Coarse aggregate gradation of gyratory compacted specimens was well captured using the image analysis techniques. There was no change in gradation with compaction.
Ultracompact and broadband wavelength (de)multiplexer based on asymmetrical directional coupler with subwavelength grating

We demonstrate an ultracompact $(\sim 9 \mu \mathrm{m})$ wavelength demultiplexer based on SWG-assisted asymmetrical directional coupler. Low loss $(\gt 0.2 dB)$ and high extinction ratio ($\gt 19$ dB) are obtained for almost the whole O-band and C-band.