Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysing Sources of Error in Total Internal Reflection Microscopy (TIRM) Experiments and Data Analysis

Many phenomena observed in synthetic and biological colloidal suspensions are dominated by the static interaction energies and the hydrodynamic interactions that act both between individual particles and also between colloids and macroscopic interfaces. This calls for methods that allow precise measurements of the corresponding forces. One method used for this purpose is total internal reflection microscopy (TIRM), which has been employed for around three decades to measure in particular the interactions between a single particle suspended in a liquid and a solid surface. However, given the importance of the observable variables, it is crucial to understand the possibilities and limitations of the method. In this paper, we investigate the influence of technically unavoidable noise effects and an inappropriate choice of particle size and sampling time on TIRM measurement results. Our main focus is on the measurement of diffusion coefficients and drift velocities, as the influence of error sources on dynamic properties has not been investigated so far. We find that detector shot noise and prolonged sampling times may cause erroneous results in the steep parts of the interaction potential where forces of the order of pico-Newtons or larger act on the particle, while the effect of background noise is negligible below certain thresholds. Furthermore, noise does not significantly affect dynamic data but we find that lengthy sampling times and/or probe particles with too small a radius will cause issues. Most importantly, we observe that dynamic results are very likely to differ from the standard hydrodynamic predictions for stick boundary conditions due to partial slip.
Coordinated Online Junction Temperature Estimation of MOSFETs and Antiparallel Diodes in Three-Phase SiC Inverters

SiC power MOSFETs guarantee high power density and high efficiency in new-generation power converters. The precise measurement of the device’s junction temperature is important in this article for guaranteeing the reliability of the converter and the full exploitation of power semiconductors. While the use of temperature-sensitive electrical parameters (TSEPs) has proven effective and feasible, their application in real-world power converters remains limited. Besides SiC MOSFETs, the temperature of the antiparallel diode is often overlooked and considered noncritical. However, monitoring the temperature of all power electronic devices, diodes included, offers augmented reliability, adaptive adjustment of the converter’s peak current at no risk of failure and advanced diagnostics. This article shows that the on-board measurement of the conduction voltage of the SiC MOSFETs and antiparallel diodes can be used for the direct estimate of the respective junction temperatures in a three-phase voltage source inverter. The diode temperatures come with no hardware complication, with respect to what is already in place for SiC MOSFETs characterization and estimate. The proposed methodology is validated on a proof-of-concept two-level three-phase inverter designed for the formula SAE student electric competitions, showing the temperature estimate of the six MOSFETs and diodes at overload current operation.
The Effects of Purslane Consumption on Obesity Indices: A GRADE-Assessed Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Obesity and overweight are among the most significant global health challenges that affect both developed and developing countries, leading to various chronic diseases. Previous studies have reported inconsistent results regarding the effects of purslane supplementation on obesity indices. Therefore, the aim of this study was to perform a meta-analysis on the effects of supplementation with purslane on obesity indices among adults. Comprehensive systematic searches were performed throughout Web of Science, EMBASE, PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases up to May 30, 2023. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the impact of purslane supplementation on obesity indices were included into the analysis. The I2 and Cochran’s Q tests were used to assess heterogeneity between studies. The effect sizes were reported as the weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using a random effects model. The initial search yielded 789 studies, of which seven RCTs were included in analysis. Following purslane supplementation, body weight (BW) (WMD: −0.94 kg, 95% CI: −1.57–−0.31, and P = 0.002) and body mass index (BMI) (WMD: −0.53 kg/m2, 95% CI: −0.88–−0.18, and P : 0.001) decreased significantly. However, this meta-analysis could not show any beneficial effect of purslane supplementation on waist circumference (WC) (WMD: −0.28 cm, 95% CI: −1.47–0.91, and P = 0.23). In addition, there was no linear association between the duration of treatment and sample size with BW, BMI, and WC. In conclusion, this meta-analysis showed a significant effect of purslane supplementation on BMI and BW but not on WC in adults, suggesting that it has the potential to be used therapeutically. Moreover, the combined results of previous RCTs indicate that purslane is a safe and effective intervention for reducing obesity indices in subjects with metabolic syndrome or obesity. As such, the consumption of purslane may have indirectly contributed to the amelioration of clinical symptoms in diseases with metabolic disorders, owing to its impact on some obesity indices. However, given the limitations and the low number of included studies in the present meta-analysis, more large-scale RCTs are needed to shed light on this issue.
Interannual variability of the sea-air exchange of CO2 from 1961 to 1998 simulated with a global ocean circulation-biogeochemistry model

[1] Interannual variability of global sea-air CO2 flux is investigated by use of a numerical model for general and biogeochemical circulation with the observed interannual variations in sea surface temperature and wind stress from 1961 to 1998. The global variability is 0.23 GtC yr−1 as the standard deviation, and is governed by the variability of 0.13 GtC yr−1 in the equatorial Pacific through the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) cycle. The variability in the Southern Ocean is the second largest, 0.07 GtC yr−1. These features are reproduced in both the experiments using the wind stress from an atmospheric circulation model reanalysis (National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP)) and that from an observational data set (Atlas of Surface Marine Data, 1994). Our results agree with the previous ocean-based estimates on the points that the global variability is much smaller than the atmosphere-based estimates (∼1 GtC yr−1) and that the global variability is governed by the equatorial Pacific. The variability in the equatorial Pacific is mostly influenced by the surface dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) convergence in the wind-driven velocity field; the reduced DIC convergence by the weakened easterly causes the reduced sea-to-air CO2 flux during El Nino. Variability of export production has an opposite effect to that of the surface DIC convergence in controlling the sea-air CO2 flux in the ENSO cycle but is smaller than a half of the variability of the surface DIC convergence. Effect of surface temperature through the CO2 solubility is also opposite but is smaller by an order of magnitude. The sea-air CO2 flux variability influenced by the ENSO is almost the same in both the early period (1961–1979) and the late period (1980–1998). The simulated variability in the equatorial Pacific is smaller, about 70% of the observational estimate. This deficiency is partly due to the underestimated effect of surface salinity variation on pCO2 caused by the climatological salinity boundary condition and partly due to the overestimated export production by the neglect of the effect of micronutrients in our production parameterization.
Contemporaneous Relationships between Summer Atmospheric Heat Source over the Tibetan Plateau and Drought/Flood in Eastern Southwest China

Based on the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis monthly data and daily precipitation data at 20 stations in eastern Southwest China from 1959 to 2006,the features of atmospheric heat source over the Tibetan Plateau and the key area associated with the drought/flood in summer over eastern Southwest China have been analyzed.Results show that there is a close relationship between the flood/drought over eastern Southwest China and the intensity of the atmospheric heat source over southeastern Tibetan Plateau(key area),i.e.,the rainfall is more than normal while the heat source is stronger.It is propitious to appearance of circulation making for the summer rainfall in eastern Southwest China;furthermore,the vapor transport and convergent upward velocity are strengthened,the East Asian summer monsoon is weaker,and the ridge positions of the western Pacific subtropical high and South Asia high lean to south when the intensity of the atmospheric heat source over eastern Tibetan Plateau(key area) is stronger than normal,vice versa.
High-Security OCDM-OAM Optical Transmission System Based on Small-Scale Dataset-GRU Chaotic-Enhanced Encryption

This paper proposes a high-security Orthogonal chirp division multiplexing-Orbital angular momentum (OCDM-OAM) optical transmission system based on small-scale dataset gated recurrent unit (GRU) chaotic-enhanced encryption.The system uses a hyper-chaotic model to interfere with bit streams, sub-carriers, symbols, and constellation angles. The GRU neural network trains and learns chaotic models with different initial values to generate chaotic sequences with chaos enhancement. A small-scale dataset is also taken to reduce the algorithm's complexity, and the final output is an encrypted sequence of time-domain chirps symbol perturbation with dynamic enhancement, substantially improving the system's security. The encrypted orthogonal chirp multiplexed signal is sent to the orbital angular momentum-based free space optical (FSO) communication system to increase spectrum efficiency and system robustness. The experimental research focuses on the security and higher-order modulation of the OCDM-OAM system, using spatial light modulators (SLM) to generate a phase diagram to achieve OAM modulation and demodulation of Gaussian light, reducing inter-channel interference and realizing light transmission in space. The OAM optical transmission platform verifies the high-security performance of the proposed encryption scheme. It is demonstrated that the higher-order OAM has a small impact on the bit error rate (BER) of the OAM system within the forward error correction (FEC) threshold. The experimental results show that the proposed encryption scheme achieves a large key space of 10322 and 6.82 Gb/s transmission of valid information, which significantly improves the security performance of the OCDM-OAM spatial optical transmission system. It is a potential approach to the next wave of transmission systems for high-security OAM high-order multiplexing.
Has the climate become more variable or extreme? Progress 1992-2006

In 1990 and 1992 the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), in its first assessment of climate change and its supplement, did not consider whether extreme weather events had increased in frequency and/or intensity globally, because data were too sparse to make this a worthwhile exercise. In 1995 the IPCC, in its second assessment, did examine this question, but concluded that data and analyses of changes in extreme events were ‘not comprehensive’and thus the question could not be answered with any confidence. Since then, concerted multinational efforts have been undertaken to collate, quality control, and analyse data on weather and climate extremes. A comprehensive examination of the question of whether extreme events have changed in frequency or intensity is now more feasible than it was 15 years ago. The processes that have led to this position are described, along with current understanding of possible changes in some extreme weather and climate events.
KONDISI MANGROVE PANTAI TIMUR SURABAYA DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP LINGKUNGAN HIDUP

One of the area that got attention by Surabaya green air-gap decrease is Surabaya East Coast area, as glimpse of Surabaya town growth to eastwards. This research aim to know related between mangrove existence with fisherman sea haul and also mangrove forest management with enableness of coastal society. This research use primary and sekunder data. Primary data collect of this research use field observation technique, questionaire technique, documentation technique and interview technique. Questionaire location spread at four District that is District of Rungkut, Mulyorejo, Gunung Anyar and Sukolilo with amount of the questionaire is thirty questionaire. Questionaire analyse technique by descriptively with result percentage of responder answer. Observation field result used to compare type of mangrove forest condition and mangrove existing in present with previous year. Along mangrove decrease by type, long and wide in Surabaya East Coast, followed by fisherman sea haul drastically. Surabaya town government in rehabilitate and conservation of mangrove forest of Surabaya East Coast require to entangle active participation of society specially coastal society, so that society take part of belonging and take care of mangrove forest continuity.
Gene and Cellular Therapies for Leukodystrophies

Leukodystrophies are a heterogenous group of inherited, degenerative encephalopathies, that if left untreated, are often lethal at an early age. Although some of the leukodystrophies can be treated with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, not all patients have suitable donors, and new treatment strategies, such as gene therapy, are rapidly being developed. Recent developments in the field of gene therapy for severe combined immune deficiencies, Leber’s amaurosis, epidermolysis bullosa, Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy and spinal muscular atrophy, have paved the way for the treatment of leukodystrophies, revealing some of the pitfalls, but overall showing promising results. Gene therapy offers the possibility for overexpression of secretable enzymes that can be released and through uptake, allow cross-correction of affected cells. Here, we discuss some of the leukodystrophies that have demonstrated strong potential for gene therapy interventions, such as X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD), and metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD), which have reached clinical application. We further discuss the advantages and disadvantages of ex vivo lentiviral hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy, an approach for targeting microglia-like cells or rendering cross-correction. In addition, we summarize ongoing developments in the field of in vivo administration of recombinant adeno-associated viral (rAAV) vectors, which can be used for direct targeting of affected cells, and other recently developed molecular technologies that may be applicable to treating leukodystrophies in the future.
Benefits Of Yoga In Pregnancy: Systematic Review

Introduction: Previous research has shown that yoga therapy can be practiced by pregnant women and provides many benefits. It is not clear when yoga was first introduced as a prenatal practice or the current prevalence of yoga practice among pregnant women. Objective: This article will discuss the benefits of yoga in pregnancy. Methods: This article was prepared using the standards set by Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) 2020, this study shows that it meets all the requirements and the research is up to date. The publications involved were those published between 2013 and 2023. Several different online resources, such as Pubmed and SagePub, were used to do this. Results: We retrieved 108 articles from the PubMed database, while our search results on SagePub returned 87 articles. Search results conducted in 2013 returned a total of 45 articles for PubMed and 32 articles for SagePub. In the end, we compiled a total of 28 papers, of which 18 were from PubMed and 10 were from SagePub. We included nine studies which met the criteria. Conclusions: Previous research has shown that yoga can provide benefits in terms of reducing the incidence of depression, anxiety, and pain during labor.
Model Reference Adaptive Control of a Ball Valve for Hybrid Rocket Throttling Application

Thrust control of rocket engines is a critical technology in rocket system development. A throttling system with good performance improves efficiency of a launch vehicle and may enable the ability to land softly. Most rockets achieved thrust throttling by controlling a valve or venturi. Common control schemes require depth knowledge on the flow characteristics and apply classic linear control theories. In the past, we employed a “continuous” gain scheduling controller on a ball valve to regulate oxidizer flow rate in hybrid rocket engines. However, it required tremendous effort on modeling and tuning to ensure uniform performance across multi-engine rocket. To circumvent this, a model reference adaptive control (MRAC) technique is derived and investigated in this paper. The adaptive law for control gain adjustment was derived with the well-known MIT rule. The model reference adaptive system (MRAS) was simulated in different scenarios to evaluate its performance. The encouraging results suggest that MRAC has a huge potential for the throttling application in real-world rocket engines.
Suicidal Behaviors Prevalence Among Transgender Persons: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Context: Research in the United States has shown that nearly a third of transgender adults have engaged in suicidal thoughts or behaviors. The present research was designed to comprehensively estimate the prevalence of suicidal behaviors in transgender people. Methods: The current research is a systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of suicidal behaviors in transgender people. The technique of reporting the current research was based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) list. In September 2020, the investigators surveyed six international sites: EMBASE, Medline/PubMed, Google Scholar, ProQuest, ISI Web of Science, and Scopus. Results: The prevalence of suicide attempts in transgender people was 26.34% (95% CI for 22.54 - 30.13), and that of suicide ideation in these individuals was 44.26% (95% CI for 33.79 - 54.74). The results of the meta-regression of suicide attempts in recent years have shown a declining trend; nevertheless, this result was not statistically significant (P = 0.446). Conclusions: The prevalence of suicide attempts and suicide ideation in transgender persons is higher than in the overall population. However, this study showed that the prevalence of suicide attempts has been decreasing in recent years, and suicide ideation are increasing, but these findings were not significant, and more studies are needed to prove this issue.
Lithofacies and Stable Carbon Isotope Stratigraphy of the Cambrian Sesong Formation in the Taebaeksan Basin, Korea

태백산 분지에 분포하는 탄산염 및 규질쇄설성 혼합 퇴적물로 구성된 세송층(late Middle Cambrian to Furongian)은 ${\delta}^{13}C$ 값이 1.14에서 2.81‰을 갖는 SPICE (Steptoean positive carbon excursion)를 15 m 두께의 층서구간에서 보여준다. SPICE는 Fenghuangella laevis대, Prochuangia mansuyi대 그리고 Chuangia대로 구성된 삼엽충 생물대에서 산출되며 이는 Paibian Stage의 하부에 해당된다. 세송층은 엽층리 이암, 단괴상 셰일, 엽층리 사암, 균질사암, 석회역암, 석회암-셰일 쌍을 포함한 6개의 암상으로 구성된다. 세송층은 폭풍파도기저면 아래의 외대륙붕에서 퇴적된 것으로 알려져 있다. 시기적으로 Paibian Stage에 속하는 SPICE는 세송층에서 고수위 퇴적계 다발, 대비 정합면과 해침퇴적계 다발에서 발견된다. SPICE의 최대 안정 탄소 동위원소 값은 상대적인 해수면 하강에 의해 형성된 대비 정합면과 일치한다. 세송층에서 SPICE의 산출은 SPICE가 화석의 산출이 결여된 지층의 전세계적 대비를 위해 사용될 수 있는 도구임을 암시한다. 【The Sesong Formation, mixed carbonate-siliciclastic deposits of late Middle Cambrian (Series 3) to Furongian in age, in the Taebaeksan Basin shows the Steptoean Positive Carbon Isotope Excursion (SPICE) with the ${\delta}^{13}C$ values ranging from 1.14 to 2.81‰ in the approximately 15-m-thick stratigraphic interval. The SPICE in the Sesong Formation occurs in the lower part of the Paibian Stage which contains trilobite biozones of the Fenghuangella laevis Zone, Prochuangia mansuyi Zone and the lower part of the Chuangia Zone. The Sesong Formation is composed of six lithofacies including laminated mudstone, nodular shale, laminated sandstone, massive sandstone, limestone conglomerate, and limestone-shale couplet facies. The Sesong Formation is known to have been deposited in the outer shelf below storm wave base. The SPICE occurs in the stratigraphic interval associated with highstand systems tract, correlative conformity and transgressive systems tract of the Sesong Formation. The peak carbon isotope value in the SPICE may coincide with the correlative conformity formed by relative sea-level fall. The occurrence of the SPICE in the Sesong Formation suggests that the SPICE can be used as a tool of global correlation for the successions of mixed carbonate-siliciclastics which lack fossils. 】
Multiplex System: Identification of Vancomycin (Vana) And Methicillin (Meca) Resistance Genes In Staphylococcus Aureus

Introduction: Emergence of Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Vancomycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) strain from different regions of the world poses a grave concern to human health. Antibiotic resistance in S. aureus is mainly because of the genetic factors which modify or disrupt their target site on bacteria. Methods: This study is focused to identify the vancomycin and methicillin resistance gene in antibiotic sensitive and resistant S. aureus. The pure cultures of S. aureus were isolated, subjected to morphological and biochemical characterization. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done to check the resistance pattern. DNA isolation was followed by genotyping of the antibiotic resistance genes (VanA and MecA) and housekeeping gene (AroE) was done through multiplex PCR method. All the strains showed the colonial, microscopic and biochemical characteristics (catalase and coagulase positive) specific for S. aureus. Results: Majority of the strains were resistant to cefixime (80 %) and least resistance was observed with fusidic acid (0%), while resistance frequency of the remaining antibiotics falls between them. All the strains showed the presence of housekeeping AroE gene with frequency of VanA is 2% and MecA is 24% which coincides with the findings of antibiotic resistance testing. For VanA, there might be other resistance genes of vancomycin cassette which confer the resistance against it. Conclusion: The study will help to discriminate the vancomycin and methicilin sensitive and resistance strains of S. aureus based on their respective genetic factors and help to validate the underlying mechanism in the acquisition of antibiotic resistance.
Rate-Monotonic Scheduler for LoRa-Based Smart Space Monitoring System

Smart spaces system equipped with sensors to collect data that can be used to generate insights about its environmental conditions. Those collected data is then transmitted to the applications to enhance the comfort, quality of life, and security of the space. Long Range (LoRa) technology provides long distance coverage and consumes low energy which makes it suitable for smart space application. There are six virtual channels to transmit data in LoRa, however network faces the interference problem when nodes transmitted data at the same time. The interference problem makes LoRa less suitable for time-critical applications. To mitigate the interference problem, a spreading factor should be allocated in an optimal way. This paper assigns the spreading factor to the LN using Rate-Monotonic scheduler to ensures data transmission within deadline with minimum energy consumption. To quantify delay in receiving the information, we use the ‘Age of Information’ metric. The proposed approach is validated using Network Simulator-3 and results show that it effectively reduces delay and energy and prolongs the network utility.