Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multivariate approach to relief classification and typology - the example of north-western Croatia

U radu je, na primjeru Sjeverozapadne Hrvatske, razmotren multivarijantni pristup klasifikaciji i tipologiji reljefa s primijenjeno-geomorfoloskog aspekta. U skladu s ciljevima istraživanja, pristup se temelji na generalizaciji veceg broja atributa uz naglasak na karakteristicnim pojavama i odnosima. Ovakav pristup omogucio je uspostavljanje hijerarhijske strukture i konstrukciju odgovarajucih modela na temelju kojih je moguce provesti tipologiju reljefa i dobiti uvid u uzroke diferencijacije tipova.
North Dakota fertilizer recommendation tables and equations : based on soil test levels and yield goals

SF-882 (Revised); The following soil test recommendation tables are based mainly on field research data obtained in North Dakota, South Dakota, western Minnesota and the Canadian prairie provinces. In the case of some crops, data in the literature were also used to supplement data available from this area. These tables were developed in cooperation with South Dakota State University and the University of Minnesota under the Tri-State Recommendation Program
The Role of Didactic Trails in Geographical Education in Poland

Abstract The paper presents the goals of creation of various kinds of didactic trails in Poland. Various methods of presenting information and of conducting geographical field trips on such trails are described. Thanks to that, it is possible not only to broaden the students’ knowledge about the given area but also to develop numerous skills and attitudes leading to the awareness of the geographical environment and its value in human life. The paper contains also a procedure for creating one’s own didactic trail in the nearest area.
Ticc : A Tool for Interface Compatibility and Composition

We present the tool Ticc (Tool for Interface Compatibility and Composition). In Ticc, a component interface describes both the behavior of a component, and the component’s assumptions on the environment’s behavior. Ticc can check the compatibility of such interfaces, and analyze their emergent behavior, via a symbolic implementation of game-theoretic algorithms.
Identification of subsoil compaction using electrical conductivity and spectral data across varying soil moisture regimes in Utah

iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.v CONTENTS.vi LIST OF TABLES.viii LIST OF FIGURES.x INTRODUCTION.1 OBJECTIVES.6 LITERATURE REVIEW.7 SOIL PROPERTIES.7 Soil Compaction.7 Soil Electrical Conductivity.9 Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS). 14 SENSORS.18 METHODS AND MATERIALS.21 STUDY AREAS.21 METHODS.23 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION.31 CONCLUSIONS.39 vii LITERATURE CITED.40 APPENDIX.43 viii L IST O F T A B L ES
Effect of the chemical composition of the crust on the metamorphic evolution of orogenic wedges

Petrological data provide a good record of the thermal structure of deeply eroded orogens, and, in principle, might be used to relate the metamorphic structure of an orogen to its deformational history. In this paper, we present two‐dimensional thermal modelling of various subduction models taking into account varying wedge geometry as well as variation of density and topography with metamorphic reactions.
ON THE TESTING MULTI-VALUED MARTINGALE DIFFERENCE HYPOTHESIS

This paper presents a definition of Multi-Valued Martingale Difference (MVMD) based on Castaing representation of a multi-valued martingale that consists of martingale difference selections. Testing the Multi-Valued Martingale Difference Hypothesis (MVMDH) then examined. Testing the Martingale Difference Hypothesis (MDH) earlier was based on linear measures then later developed two directions in order to account for the existing nonlinearity in economic and financial data. First, the classical approaches have been modified by take into account the possible nonlinear dependence. Second, the use of more sophisticated statistical tools such as those based generalized spectral analysis. According to this article, both these developments in MDH are modified for MVMDH and applies them to exchange rate data and returns of stock market data.
DRAFT Public Health Goal for 2 , 4-DICHLOROPHENOXYACETIC ACID in Drinking Water

This Public Health Goal (PHG) technical support document provides information on health effects from contaminants in drinking water. PHGs are developed for chemical contaminants based on the best available toxicological data in the scientific literature. These documents and the analyses contained in them provide estimates of the levels of contaminants in drinking water that would pose no significant health risk to individuals consuming the water on a daily basis over a lifetime. to perform risk assessments and adopt PHGs for contaminants in drinking water based exclusively on public health considerations. The Act requires that PHGs be set in accordance with the following criteria: 1. PHGs for acutely toxic substances shall be set at levels at which no known or anticipated adverse effects on health will occur, with an adequate margin of safety. 2. PHGs for carcinogens or other substances that may cause chronic disease shall be based solely on health effects and shall be set at levels that OEHHA has determined do not pose any significant risk to health. 3. To the extent the information is available, OEHHA shall consider possible synergistic effects resulting from exposure to two or more contaminants. 4. OEHHA shall consider potential adverse effects on members of subgroups that comprise a meaningful proportion of the population, including but not limited to infants, children, pregnant women, the elderly, and individuals with a history of serious illness. 5. OEHHA shall consider the contaminant exposure and body burden levels that alter physiological function or structure in a manner that may significantly increase the risk of illness. 6. OEHHA shall consider additive effects of exposure to contaminants in media other than drinking water, including food and air, and the resulting body burden. 7. In risk assessments that involve infants and children, OEHHA shall specifically assess exposure patterns, special susceptibility, multiple contaminants with toxic mechanisms in common, and the interactions of such contaminants. 8. In cases of insufficient data for OEHHA to determine a level that creates no significant risk, OEHHA shall set the PHG at a level that is protective of public health with an adequate margin of safety. 9. In cases where scientific evidence demonstrates that a safe dose response threshold for a contaminant exists, then the PHG should be set at that threshold. 10. The PHG may be set at zero if necessary to satisfy the requirements listed above in items seven and eight. 11. PHGs adopted by …
Cluster Analysis of Temporal Data using Maximum Likelihood Estimation

Due to rapid growth of technologies, a large amount of data gets generated. The need arises to handle this data for retrieving and analyzing useful information. Clustering of temporal data has been explored using evolutionary clustering. However the time dimension associated with the record has not been considered. Traditional clustering algorithms usually focus on grouping data objects based on similarity function. However, if temporal dimension is incorporated, it allows to perform cluster analysis for evolving patterns. Temporal data clustering extends traditional clustering mechanisms and provides underpinning solutions for discovering the condensing information over the period of time. This paper proposes a methodology for clustering records based on time frame. The proposed methodology first clusters the records based on time frame. When a new query record comes, using maximum likelihood estimation we try to identify its true representative cluster. The assignment of query record to a particular cluster is based on the distance measure.
Towards sustainable artisanal fisheries for the common pool resource Spondylus (Bivalvia, Spondylidae) in Ecuador

The artisanal fi shery for Spondylus has a very long tradition in Ecuador but developments in recent years have made it an excellent example of the rapid overharvesting of a Latin American shellfi sh fi shery. In reaction to the declining population status, the Ecuadorian government enacted an offi cial ban on the fi shery in October 2009. The ban is intended to be kept in place at least until there is scientifi c information regarding stock status and basic population parameters that are necessary for a sustainable use of the resource. This study aims to provide the necessary knowledge base to develop a sustainable management program for Ecuadorian Spondylus stocks in the future. Our fi ndings suggest that current population densities will not allow for a recovery without additional measures to support such recuperation. Nevertheless, the parameters we have calculated for growth and fecundity suggest that exploitation of Spondylus as a resource is generally possible when undertaken with caution. Under a precautionary approach it is crucial for a future management program to monitor densities of individuals closely, as this study identifi ed recruitment failure as the main factor that has contributed to the collapse of the fi shery in the past. Restoration efforts would be of high value for the local ecosystem as this study has also shown that Spondylus contributes signifi cantly to the native biodiversity. Their shells provide a three dimensional habitat for a variety of drilling and non-drilling species that are not present without them, thus making Spondylus an important foundational species. Artisanal fi sheries make a signifi cant contribution to satisfying the increasing global demand for protein. It is dangerous to assume, that these fi sheries operate sustainably per se and it is crucial to ensure that they do in the future. Sustainable solutions for artisanal overfi shing are urgently needed, because tropical coastal communities are highly dependent on their local resources for their livelihoods and nutrition. The tools for successfully managing a common pool resource such as Spondylus through a comanagement system are known – we hope these are used in the future in conjunction with the fi ndings of this study to prevent this iconic genus from disappearing.
Boundary value approaches to molecular dynamics simulation

Determining the relationships between a protein’s structure and its function, identifying a protein’s function in biological systems, and understanding the mechanisms that facilitate a protein’s function are major scientific challenges in modern biological research. The mechanisms that facilitate protein function often involve conformational transitions of proteins or other biomolecules. Successfully meeting the aforementioned challenges will likely require an understanding of the dynamics of conformational transitions of proteins and of other biomolecules. Molecular dynamics is often studied using a computational approach that is called initial value all-atom molecular dynamics simulation (IV-AA-MDS) in this dissertation. In IV-AA-MDS, an empirically determined force field specifies the forces on each atom of a molecular system as a function of the coordinates of the system. The motions of the atoms of the system are governed by Newtonian equations of motion and are tracked dynamically over a period of time. From a mathematical perspective, in IV-AA-MDS, initial conditions for the positions and velocities of the atoms of the system are assigned for an initial point in time and the positions and velocities at a discrete set of points contained in an interval that includes the initial point in time are determined by using a numerical method for solving initial value problems (IVP’s) for systems of 2-order nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODE’s). The focus of the research of this dissertation is the mathematical modeling of and use of numerical methods for the study of the dynamics of conformational transitions of biomolecules like proteins and small peptides. While an IV-AA-MDS approach could be considered for this purpose, the focus of this dissertation is a related approach that is called boundary value all-atom molecular dynamics simulation (BV-AA-MDS) in this dissertation. This approach includes the application of a numerical method to seek numerical solutions to two-point boundary value problems (BVP’s) for systems of 2-order nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODE’s). Numerical solutions to two-point BVP’s satisfy boundary conditions at two points in time (a beginning and ending point) and also satisfy Newtonian equations of motion at a discrete set of time points contained in the interval between the two points in time (within limits
Estimating Sea Ice Concentration From SAR: Training Convolutional Neural Networks With Passive Microwave Data

Historically, sea ice concentration (SIC) has been measured through the use of passive microwave sensors, as well as human interpretation of synthetic aperture radar (SAR). Although passive microwave data are processed automatically, it suffers from poor spatial resolution and the higher frequency channels are sensitive to weather conditions. Deep learning has demonstrated its ability to perform complex and accurate analysis of images; here, we apply deep learning to estimate ice concentration from SAR scenes. We developed a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) that predicts SIC from SAR, trained upon passive microwave data. The model achieves a 5.24%/7.87% error on its train and test set, respectively. To assess the real-world applicability, we performed an independent validation on 18 SAR scenes (from two distinct geographical regions), not previously seen during training or test. Comparing against human-generated ice analysis charts, we achieved an <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$L1$ </tex-math></inline-formula> error of 0.2059, competitive with passive microwave (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$E_{L1} = 0.1863$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) for the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. For the Gulf of Saint Lawrence region, we achieved an <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$L1$ </tex-math></inline-formula> error of 0.2653, significantly better than the passive microwave result (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$E_{L1} = 0.3593$ </tex-math></inline-formula>). By using novel techniques for model training, as well as training entirely upon passive microwave data, we present an accessible and robust method of developing similar systems for processing SAR. <xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"><sup>1</sup></xref> Our results suggest that with further postprocessing, CNNs are accurate and robust enough to be used for operational tasks. <fn id="fn1"><label><sup>1</sup></label><p>Code available: <uri>https://github.com/clvcooke/Estimating-SIC-from-SAR-github.com/clvcooke/Estimating-SIC-from-SAR</uri></p></fn>
An efficient bifunctional two-component catalyst for oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution in reversible fuel cells, electrolyzers and rechargeable air electrodes

We report on a non-precious, two-phase bifunctional oxygen reduction and evolution (ORR and OER) electrocatalyst with previously unachieved combined roundtrip catalytic reactivity and stability for use in oxygen electrodes of unitized reversible fuel cell/electrolyzers or rechargeable metal–air batteries. The combined OER and ORR overpotential, total, at 10 mA cm−2 was a record low value of 0.747 V. Rotating Ring Disk Electrode (RRDE) measurements revealed a high faradaic selectivity for the 4 electron pathways, while subsequent continuous MEA tests in reversible electrolyzer cells confirmed the excellent catalyst reactivity rivaling the state-of-the-art combination of iridium (OER) and platinum (ORR).
Free tropospheric black carbon aerosol measurements using high altitude balloon: Do BC layers build “their own homes” up in the atmosphere?

First ever in‐situ measurements of black carbon (BC) aerosols in the troposphere (up to 9 km) made over central India and the resulting atmospheric impact as revealed by the environment lapse rate are presented. The altitude distribution of BC showed multiple peaks; two surprisingly large peaks, one at ∼4.5 km, and another above 8 km. Associated with these, rapid decrease in the environmental lapse rate and a sharp increase in the atmosphere stability were observed, probably caused by the atmospheric warming by the BC layers. This important observation calls for extensive high altitude profiling of BC to quantify the resultant warming, increase in stability and consequent increase in BC lifetime.
Maîtrise de la sécurité bactériologique des effluents de porcherie

Les rejets porcins sont des milieux biologiques contenant une grande quantite et une grande diversite de bacteries. Leur epandage sur cultures ou sur prairies presente des risques sanitaires pour l'Homme et les animaux. L'eau constitue un excellent vehicule et la contamination de circuits d eau potable a deja occasionne des crises sanitaires. Des prelevements ont ete realises sur la filiere de gestion des dejections porcines. Pour l'elevage de porcs sur caillebotis preleve, l'utilisation des methodes moleculaire et culturale montre une stabilite dans le temps des populations microbiennes sur chaque etape de la filiere avec des changements lorsque le lisier passe d'une etape a une autre. Pour les elevages de porcs sur litiere preleves, la methode culturale a permis de verifier l'assainissement que permet le compostage. Enfin, il n'est pas constate de modification significative de la population bacterienne du sol suite a l'epandage de lisier porcin.
iCan-Play: A Practice Guideline for Assessment and Intervention of Play for Children with Severe Multiple Disabilities

The nature of play in children with severe multiple disabilities (SMD) is complex, as many have significant motor and language impairments. Through the use of assistive technology (AT), children with SMD can play more independently and provide input to caregivers on their preferred play repertoire. This authordeveloped guideline describes an assessment and intervention to improve play in children with SMD using AT methods. The Interactive Child Activity Narrative of Play (iCan-Play) is an assessment tool used to evaluate play in children with SMD. It provides a comprehensive understanding of children’s play preferences, social and environmental contexts, and frequency of play. The iCan-Play assessment results in a play profile and guides a systematic intervention aimed to address barriers and facilitators of play in children with SMD. The goal is to guide therapists on how to expand play, promote developmentally appropriate play, and assist play by creating meaningful and client-centered goals. Comments The authors report no potential conflicts of interest. Elements of this manuscript, including the iCan-Play tool, were presented as a short course at the AOTA conference in April 2019 This project received a grant from the Sammons Center of Innovation and Research in Occupation-Based Technology.
Rare pancreatic carcinosarcoma in a patient with medical history of esophageal cancer

Rationale: Pancreatic carcinosarcoma (PCS) is a very rare pancreatic cancer with an extremely poor prognosis. Interestingly, PCS can coexist with other metachronous malignant cancers. Here we report a case of PCS combined with esophageal cancer (EC). Patient concerns: The patient was a 66-year-old man who presented with abdominal pain and progressive nausea. He had undergone esophagectomy for EC 5 years previously. Diagnosis: Both EC and PCS were confirmed via postoperative pathological diagnosis. Interventions: Owing to the patient's previous esophagectomy for EC, pancreaticoduodenectomy for the PCS could not be performed. Instead, he underwent cholecystectomy with bile duct-jejunum Roux-en-Y anastomosis and radioactive seed implantation. Outcomes: The patient is still alive for >1 year. Lessons: To our knowledge, this is the first report of PCS combined with EC and thus of metachronous multiple primary carcinoma. A detailed literature review of the clinical and histologic features of PCS reveals important information about the epidemiology and biology of this rare disease.
Extractions of | V ub | / | V cb | from a combined study of the exclusive b → u ( c ) (cid:96)ν (cid:96) decays

We have extracted the ratio | V ub | / | V cb | from a combined study of the available inputs on B → ( π, ρ, ω ) (cid:96)ν (cid:96) and B ( B s ) → ( D ( ∗ ) , D ( ∗ ) s ) (cid:96)ν (cid:96) ( (cid:96) = µ or e ) decays. We have done our analysis with and without the inclusion of the available experimental results on the branching fraction BR ( B s → Kµν µ ) or the ratio of the rates Γ( B s → K(cid:96)ν (cid:96) ) / Γ( B s → D s (cid:96)ν (cid:96) ). We have used all the available experimental data on the branching fractions in diﬀerent q 2 -bins, the available theory inputs on the form factors from lattice and the light cone sum rule (LCSR) approach; analysed the data in diﬀerent possible scenarios and presented the results. From a combined analysis of all the b → c(cid:96)ν (cid:96) exclusive decays, we have obtained | V cb | = (41 . 3 ± 0 . 6) × 10 − 3 and from all the b → u(cid:96)ν (cid:96) modes, we obtain | V ub | = (3 . 50 ± 0 . 09) × 10 − 3 which changes to | V ub | = (3 . 55 ± 0 . 10) × 10 − 3 after dropping BR ( B s → Kµν µ ). We hence report the values of the ratio | V ub | / | V cb | = 0 . 085 ± 0 . 003 and 0 . 086 ± 0 . 003 with and without the input from B s → Kµν µ modes, respectively. We have also predicted the ratio Γ( B s → K(cid:96)ν (cid:96) ) / Γ( B s → D s (cid:96)ν (cid:96) ) using the ﬁt results. In addition, we provide the predictions of BR ( B s → Kµν µ ) and BR ( B → ( ρ, ω ) (cid:96)ν (cid:96) ) in the Standard Model (SM) in small q 2 -bins.
Improving physical realism, stereochemistry, and side‐chain accuracy in homology modeling: Four approaches that performed well in CASP8

A correct alignment is an essential requirement in homology modeling. Yet in order to bridge the structural gap between template and target, which may not only involve loop rearrangements, but also shifts of secondary structure elements and repacking of core residues, high‐resolution refinement methods with full atomic details are needed. Here, we describe four approaches that address this “last mile of the protein folding problem” and have performed well during CASP8, yielding physically realistic models: YASARA, which runs molecular dynamics simulations of models in explicit solvent, using a new partly knowledge‐based all atom force field derived from Amber, whose parameters have been optimized to minimize the damage done to protein crystal structures. The LEE‐SERVER, which makes extensive use of conformational space annealing to create alignments, to help Modeller build physically realistic models while satisfying input restraints from templates and CHARMM stereochemistry, and to remodel the side‐chains. ROSETTA, whose high resolution refinement protocol combines a physically realistic all atom force field with Monte Carlo minimization to allow the large conformational space to be sampled quickly. And finally UNDERTAKER, which creates a pool of candidate models from various templates and then optimizes them with an adaptive genetic algorithm, using a primarily empirical cost function that does not include bond angle, bond length, or other physics‐like terms. Proteins 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.