Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
on oxide in healthy

SHIN, H. -W. , C. M. ROSE-GOTTRON, D. M. COOPER, M. HILL, and S. C. GEORGE. Impact of High-Intensity Exercise on Nitric Oxide Exchange in Healthy Adults. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. , Vol. 35, No. 6, pp. 995–1003, 2003. Purpose: After exercise, exhaled NO concentration has been reported to decrease, remain unchanged, or increase. A more mechanistic understanding of NO exchange dynamics after exercise is needed to understand the relationship between exercise and NO exchange. Methods: We measured several flow-independent NO exchange parameters characteristic of airway and alveolar regions using a single breath maneuver and a two-compartment model (maximum flux of NO from the airways, J' awNO , pL·s (cid:1) 1 ; diffusing capacity of NO in the airways, D awNO , pL·s (cid:1) 1 ·ppb (cid:1) 1 ; steady state alveolar concentration, C alv,ss , ppb; mean airway tissue NO concentration, C awNO , ppb), as well as serum IL-6 at baseline, 3, 30, and 120 min after a high-intensity exercise challenge in 10 healthy adults (21–37 yr old). Results: D awNO (mean (cid:2) SD) increased (37.1 (cid:2) 44.4%), whereas J' awNO and C awNO decreased ( (cid:1) 7.27 (cid:2) 11.1%, (cid:1) 26.1 (cid:2) 24.6%, respectively) 3 min postexercise. IL-6 increased steadily after exercise to 481% (cid:2) 562% above baseline 120 min postexercise. Conclusion: High-intensity exercise acutely enhances the ability of NO to diffuse between the airway tissue and the gas phase, and exhaled NO might be used to probe both the metabolic and physical properties of the airways. Words:
Questions, pictures, answers : Introducing pictures in question-answering systems

We present the Dutch IMIX research programme on multimodal interaction, speech and language technology. We discuss our contributions to this programme in the form of two research projects, IMOGEN and VIDIAM, and the technical integration of the various modules developed by IMIX subprojects to build a demonstrator that shows the project’s aims and achievements. In this paper we pay special attention to the role that images could play in iterative question answering.
Combined Photothermal and Photodynamic Therapy for Cancer Treatment Using a Multifunctional Graphene Oxide

Graphene oxide (GO) is one of the most studied nanomaterials in many fields, including the biomedical field. Most of the nanomaterials developed for drug delivery and phototherapies are based on noncovalent approaches that lead to an unspecific release of physisorbed molecules in complex biological environments. Therefore, preparing covalently functionalized GO using straightforward and versatile methods is highly valuable. Phototherapies, including photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT), have shown great potential as effective therapeutic approaches against cancer. To overcome the limits of a single method, the combination of PTT and PDT can lead to a combined effect with a higher therapeutic efficiency. In this work, we prepare a folic acid (FA) and chlorin e6 (Ce6) double-functionalized GO for combined targeted PTT/PDT. This conjugate can penetrate rapidly into cancer cells and macrophages. A combined effect of PTT and PDT is observed, leading to a higher killing efficiency toward different types of cells involved in cancer and other diseases. Our work provides a simple protocol to prepare multifunctional platforms for the treatment of various diseases.
Advances in the Utilization of Tea Polysaccharides: Preparation, Physicochemical Properties, and Health Benefits

Tea polysaccharide (TPS) is the second most abundant ingredient in tea following tea polyphenols. As a complex polysaccharide, TPS has a complex chemical structure and a variety of bioactivities, such as anti-oxidation, hypoglycemia, hypolipidemic, immune regulation, and anti-tumor. Additionally, it shows excellent development and application prospects in food, cosmetics, and medical and health care products. However, numerous studies have shown that the bioactivity of TPS is closely related to its sources, processing methods, and extraction methods. Therefore, the authors of this paper reviewed the relevant recent research and conducted a comprehensive and systematic review of the extraction methods, physicochemical properties, and bioactivities of TPS to strengthen the understanding and exploration of the bioactivities of TPS. This review provides a reference for preparing and developing functional TPS products.
Development of the bovine stomach: morphological and morphometric analysis. I. Morphogenesis of the ruminoreticulum.

Forty-two embryos and fetuses of Frisian cattle, distributed onto 14 groups on the basis of crown-rump lengths between 1.3 cm (about 23 days) and 9.5 cm (70 days), were to study the morphogenesis of the bovine stomach. The work is divided into three parts. Part 1 deals with the ruminoreticulum and parts II and III the omasum and abomasum.
Microprocessor-Controlled Prostheses for a Bilateral Transtibial Amputee with Gait Analysis and Satisfaction: A 1-Year Followup Case Report

Bilateral amputees are disadvantaged as they lack healthy leg support. We present the rare case of a bilateral transtibial amputee (BTA), in which we compared the first South Korean-made microprocessor-controlled prosthesis (MPA) to a conventional prosthetic ankle (CPA) with gait analysis and a patient questionnaire for long-term outcomes. A 70-year-old man presented with bilateral transtibial amputations from injury. Assessments were performed after wearing an MPA for 1 month and 1 year with three-dimensional gait analysis. Satisfaction, mobility, and pain were evaluated using the Korean version of the Prostheses Evaluation Questionnaire (K-PEQ). The spatiotemporal parameters of both sides showed increased stability from the CPA to 1 month (mMPA) and 1 year (yMPA). We observed an increased single support time, decreased step width, and almost normal stance-swing time ratio. In kinematic parameters, the ankle range of motion (ROM) was bilaterally increased at mMPA and yMPA. Unfortunately, the MPA gait showed insufficient ankle plantarflexion during the terminal stance that failed to generate push-up power. As the MPA adaptation time increased, the symmetry ratio improved to a balanced value. The questionnaire-based investigations of satisfaction, mobility, and pain revealed excellent results. The MPA proved helpful for ankle mobility in the BTA, and the questionnaire showed good satisfaction and mobility in varied terrain.
WormRuler: A software to track body length used to characterize a super red-shifted channelrhodopsin in Caenorhabditis elegans

Manipulation of neuronal or muscular activity by optogenetics or other stimuli can be directly linked to the analysis of Caenorhabditis elegans ( C. elegans ) body length. Thus, WormRuler was developed as an open-source video analysis toolbox that offers video processing and data analysis in one application. Utilizing this novel tool, the super red-shifted channelrhodopsin variant, ChrimsonSA, was characterized in C. elegans . Expression and activation of ChrimsonSA in GABAergic motor neurons results in their depolarization and therefore elongation of body length, the extent of which providing information about the strength of neuronal transmission.
MicroRNAs as Molecular Switches in Macrophage Activation

The efficacy of macrophage- mediated inflammatory response relies on the coordinated expression of key factors, which expression is finely regulated at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional level. Several studies have provided compelling evidence that microRNAs play pivotal roles in modulating macrophage activation, polarization, tissue infiltration, and resolution of inflammation. In this review, we highlight the essential molecular mechanisms underlying the different phases of inflammation that are targeted by microRNAs to inhibit or accelerate restoration to tissue integrity and homeostasis. We further review the impact of microRNA-dependent regulation of tumor-associated macrophages and the relative implication for tumor biology.
Cellular Prion Protein Is Closely Associated with Early Recurrence and Poor Survival in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma

The cellular prion protein (PrPC) is known to play a role in cancer proliferation and metastasis. However, the role of PrPC expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is unknown. This study investigated whether overexpression of PrPC affects recurrence after surgical resection and survival in HCC. A total of 110 HCC patients who underwent hepatic resection were included. They were followed up for a median of 42 months (range 1–213 months) after hepatectomy. The relationships between PrPC expression and the HCC histologic features, recurrence of HCC following surgical resection, and survival of the patients were examined. Seventy-one cases (64.5%) of HCC demonstrated higher expression of PrPC. The expression of PrPC was only correlated with diabetes mellitus. There was no association between PrPC expression and age, sex, hypertension, hepatitis B virus positivity, alcohol consumption, Child–Pugh class, major portal vein invasion, serum alpha-fetoprotein, and HCC size or number. The 1-year recurrence rates in patients with higher PrPC expression were higher than those with lower PrPC expression. The cumulative survival rates of patients with higher PrPC expression were significantly shorter than those of patients with lower PrPC expression. In conclusion, PrPC expression is closely associated with early recurrence and poor survival of HCC patients following surgical resection.
Preoperative Assessment and Perioperative Management of Resectable Gallbladder Cancer in the Era of Precision Medicine and Novel Technologies: State of the Art and Future Perspectives

Gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) is a rare malignancy, with an estimated 5-year survival rate of less than 5% in the case of advanced disease. Surgery is the only radical treatment for early stages, but its application and effectiveness depend on the depth of tumoral invasion. The extent of resection is usually determined according to the T-stage. Therefore, an early and correct preoperative assessment is important for the prognosis, as well as for the selection of the most appropriate surgical procedure, to avoid unnecessary morbid surgeries and to reach the best outcomes. Several modalities can be used to investigate the depth of invasion, from ultrasounds to CT scans and MRI, but an ideal method still does not exist. Thus, different protocols are proposed according to different recommendations and institutions. In this scenario, the indications for laparoscopic and robotic surgery are still debated, as well as the role of new technologies such as next-generation sequencing and liquid biopsies. The aim of this article is to summarize the state of the art current modalities and future perspectives for assessing the depth of invasion in GBC and to clarify their role in perioperative management accordingly.
Current State of Knowledge Regarding WHO Critical Priority Pathogens: Mechanisms of Resistance and Proposed Solutions through Candidates Such as Essential Oils

The rise of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens has become a global health threat and an economic burden in providing adequate and effective treatment for many infections. This large-scale concern has emerged mainly due to mishandling of antibiotics (ABs) and has resulted in the rapid expansion of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Nowadays, there is an urgent need for more potent, non-toxic and effective antimicrobial agents against MDR strains. In this regard, clinicians, pharmacists, microbiologists and the entire scientific community are encouraged to find alternative solutions in treating infectious diseases cause by these strains. In its “10 global issues to track in 2021”, the World Health Organization (WHO) has made fighting drug resistance a priority. It has also issued a list of bacteria that are in urgent need for new ABs. Despite all available resources, researchers are unable to keep the pace of finding novel ABs in the face of emerging MDR strains. Traditional methods are increasingly becoming ineffective, so new approaches need to be considered. In this regard, the general tendency of turning towards natural alternatives has reinforced the interest in essential oils (EOs) as potent antimicrobial agents. Our present article aims to first review the main pathogens classified by WHO as critical in terms of current AMR. The next objective is to summarize the most important and up-to-date aspects of resistance mechanisms to classical antibiotic therapy and to compare them with the latest findings regarding the efficacy of alternative essential oil therapy.
A crystal ball to forecast treatment responsiveness in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

1 Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea; 2 Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; 3 Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Cell Clones Preferentially Expressed by Human Th17 B Cell Chemoattractant CXCL13 Is

Th 17 cells represent a novel subset of CD4 (cid:1) T cells that have a protective effect against extracellular microbes, while they are also responsible for autoimmune disorders in mice. However, the protein expression proﬁle of Th17 cells remains to be clariﬁed. In this study, we report an effective method to establish human allo-reactive Th17 cell clones and demonstrate that human Th17, but not Th1 or Th2, cells express B cell chemoattractant CXCL13, by using DNA chips, RT-PCR, and ELISA. Such a pattern was also the case in Candida albicans -speciﬁc Th17 clones and synovial ﬂuid specimens obtained from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The biological implication of this ﬁnding is discussed. The Journal of Immunology, 2008, 181: 186–189. he Th cells that produce IL-17 (Th17) have been described as a distinct subset of effector cells that differen-tiate from naive T cells in response to IL-6 and TGF (cid:1) (1, 2). Recent studies have demonstrated that Th17 cells, rather than Th1 cells, play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disease models, including experimental autoimmune encephalo-myelitis and collagen-induced arthritis (3–6). It is also interesting to note that Th17 cells developed to mediate protection against extracellular bacteria and fungi (7, 8). We herein report that human allo-reactive Th17 cell clones are effectively established in a primary limiting-dilution condition and that human Th17 cells, but not Th1 or Th2 cells, express B cell chemoattractant CXCL13.
A Study on Security in the Internet of Things

The technology of computing introduce a new enter called the Internet of Things (IoT). Machine to machine, machine to infrastructure, machine to environment, the Internet of Everything, the Internet of Intelligent Things, intelligent systems—term it what you desire but its occurrence, and its potential is huge. Security and privacy issues for IoT are challenges to prove targets of great importance. IoT networks extremely required to ensure confidentiality, authentication, access control, and integrity on the deployment of efficient security and privacy protocols. Therefore, the requirements of a secure environment are very important so as to secure the transmitting data from it devices over the network. In this paper will discuss about basics of IoT and also briefly understand the cryptographic schemes like order-preserving and partially homomorphic encryption.
Sum Rate Maximization for Mobile UAV-Aided Internet of Things Communications System

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communication provides a promising solution to emergency recovery and coverage extension. For Internet of Things (IoT) communications system, utilizing UAV as an on-demand gateway is an efficient technique to enable the communication between IoT devices over a long distance. In this paper, we investigate a mobile UAV-aided Internet of Things (IoT) communications system, where one UAV actes as a dynamic aerial base station to serve all the IoT devices. We aim to maximize the sum rate of the mobile UAV by jointly optimizing IoT device-UAV scheduling, the uplink transmission power of the IoT devices and the UAV altitude. This optimization is a mixed-integer non-convex problem, and an efficient iterative algorithm is proposed by means of the block coordinate descent technique. Finally, simulation results are presented to demonstrate that our proposed scheme significantly outperforms the existing one.
Mechanistic Interplay between HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase Enzyme Kinetics and Host SAMHD1 Protein: Viral Myeloid-Cell Tropism and Genomic Mutagenesis

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT) has been the primary interest among studies on antiviral discovery, viral replication kinetics, drug resistance, and viral evolution. Following infection and entry into target cells, the HIV-1 core disassembles, and the viral RT concomitantly converts the viral RNA into double-stranded proviral DNA, which is integrated into the host genome. The successful completion of the viral life cycle highly depends on the enzymatic DNA polymerase activity of RT. Furthermore, HIV-1 RT has long been known as an error-prone DNA polymerase due to its lack of proofreading exonuclease properties. Indeed, the low fidelity of HIV-1 RT has been considered as one of the key factors in the uniquely high rate of mutagenesis of HIV-1, which leads to efficient viral escape from immune and therapeutic antiviral selective pressures. Interestingly, a series of studies on the replication kinetics of HIV-1 in non-dividing myeloid cells and myeloid specific host restriction factor, SAM domain, and HD domain-containing protein, SAMHD1, suggest that the myeloid cell tropism and high rate of mutagenesis of HIV-1 are mechanistically connected. Here, we review not only HIV-1 RT as a key antiviral target, but also potential evolutionary and mechanistic crosstalk among the unique enzymatic features of HIV-1 RT, the replication kinetics of HIV-1, cell tropism, viral genetic mutation, and host SAMHD1 protein.
Hybrid Watermark Fingerprint Algorithm for H.264 Compressed Video Authentication

In Midst of several video format, H.264 was found to be of important rank vis-à-vis its compact bandwidth. Today, internet users can easily and rapidly generate a perfect duplicate of audiovisual with sizeable measures of content characteristics and quality. Subsequently, this has elevated interests about copyright protection against audiovisual content pirating and illegal media duplications. This study proposes a solution in the digital copyright protection by developing an algorithm destined to h.264 video authentication scheme. Thanks to the complementary nature between fingerprinting and watermarking technologies, which makes our algorithm enhances security by exploring the spatio-temporal features of the compressed video content. An audio fingerprinting code was extracted from the audio signal and then embedded in H.264 video signals trough DCT domain. From the experimental results, it proves that the proposed contribution can jointly achieve both copyright protection and authentication.
Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Grafted Tomato with Drought Tolerance

Grafting is a method used in agriculture to improve crop production and tolerance to biotic and abiotic stress. This technique is widely used in tomato, Solanum lycopersicum L. ; however, the effects of grafting on changes in gene expression associated with stress tolerance in shoot apical meristem cells are still under-discovered. To clarify the effect of grafting, we performed a transcriptomic analysis between non-grafted and grafted tomatoes using the tomato variety Momotaro-scion and rootstock varieties, TD1, GS, and GF. Drought tolerance was significantly improved not only by a combination of compatible resistant rootstock TD1 but also by self-grafted compared to non-grafted lines. Next, we found the differences in gene expression between grafted and non-grafted plants before and during drought stress treatment. These altered genes are involved in the regulation of plant hormones, stress response, and cell proliferation. Furthermore, when comparing compatible (Momo/TD1 and Momo/Momo) and incompatible (Momo/GF) grafted lines, the incompatible line reduced gene expression associated with phytohormones but increased in wounding and starvation stress-response genes. These results conclude that grafting generates drought stress tolerance through several gene expression changes in the apical meristem.
FcγR-Mediated Trogocytosis 2.0: Revisiting History Gives Rise to a Unifying Hypothesis

There is increasing interest in the clinical implications and immunology of trogocytosis, a process in which the receptors on acceptor cells remove and internalize cognate ligands from donor cells. We have reported that this phenomenon occurs in cancer immunotherapy, in which cells that express FcγR remove and internalize CD20 and bound mAbs from malignant B cells. This process can be generalized to include other reactions including the immune adherence phenomenon and antibody-induced immunosuppression. We discuss in detail FcγR-mediated trogocytosis and the evidence supporting a proposed predominant role for liver sinusoidal endothelial cells via the action of the inhibitory receptor FcγRIIb2. We describe experiments to test the validity of this hypothesis. The elucidation of the details of FcγR-mediated trogocytosis has the potential to allow for the development of novel therapies that can potentially block or enhance this reaction, depending upon whether the process leads to unfavorable or positive biological effects.
Is dietary quality associated with depression? An analysis of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health data

Abstract Depression is a chronic and complex condition experienced by over 300 million people worldwide. While research on the impact of nutrition on chronic physical illness is well documented, there is growing interest in the role of dietary patterns for those experiencing symptoms of depression. This study aims to examine the association of diet quality (Dietary Questionnaire for Epidemiological Studies version 2) and depressive symptoms (Centre for Epidemiological Studies for Depression short form) of young Australian women over 6 years at two time points, 2003 (n 9081, Mean age = 27·6) and 2009 (n 8199, Mean age = 33·7) using secondary data from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health. A linear mixed-effects model found a small and significant inverse association of diet quality on depressive symptoms (β = −0·03, 95 % CI (−0·04, −0·02)) after adjusting for covarying factors such as BMI, social functioning, alcohol and smoking status. These findings suggest that the continuation of a healthy dietary pattern may be protective of depressive symptoms. Caution should be applied in interpreting these findings due to the small effect sizes. More longitudinal studies are needed to assess temporal relationships between dietary quality and depression.