Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Probing Diversity of Type II Supernovae with the Chinese Space Station Telescope

Type II supernovae (SNe II), which show abundant hydrogen in their spectra, belong to a class of SNe with diverse observed properties. It is commonly accepted that SNe II are produced by core collapse and explosion of massive stars. However, the large photometric and spectroscopic diversity of SNe II and the mechanisms responsible for this diversity are not thoroughly understood. In this review, we first briefly introduce the optical characteristics and possible progenitors of each subtype of SNe II. We then highlight the role of the Chinese Space Station Telescope in future SN studies. With a deep limiting magnitude, the main survey project could detect SN IIP-like objects as distant as z∼1.2 and obtain UV-optical follow-up for peculiar transients, especially those long-lived events. With a high resolution and a large field of view, the main survey camera is powerful in linking a nearby SN with its progenitor, while the integral field spectrograph is powerful in revealing the SN environment. All this information has the potential to help enrich our understanding of supernova physics.
Differential Effects of Active Social Media Use on General Trait and Online-Specific State-FoMO: Moderating Effects of Passive Social Media Use

Purpose Given the prevalence of the fear of missing out (FoMO) phenomenon and the limitations regarding understanding the relationship between social media use and FoMO, this research examines the links that bind different types of social media usage to different aspects of FoMO. Methods In the scope of this research, a structural equation modeling was developed to investigate the intricate connections that exist between active social media use (ASMU), passive social media use (PSMU), online-specific state-FoMO, and general trait-FoMO. Data were obtained from 394 Chinese university students (65% female) with experience in social media who completed the Active Social Media Use Scale, Passive Social Media Use Scale, and the Chinese Trait-State Fear of Missing Out Scale. Results Bivariate correlations analysis revealed that ASMU was significantly related with state-FoMO but not significantly related with trait-FoMO. Structural equation modeling revealed that ASMU had a significant direct negative predictive effect on trait-FoMO while positive association with trait-FoMO through the indirect effect of State-FoMO, illustrating that ASMU had a suppressing effect on trait-FoMO via state-FoMO. PSMU significantly moderated the direct effect of ASMU on trait-FoMO, and the direct effect was only significant at low levels of PSMU. Conclusion This study revealed whether and how social media use is linked to FoMO. Social media may not always increase FoMO, because positive, active social media interactions are conducive to the alleviation of trait-FoMO. However, it is significant to note that active interactions may also predict higher state-FoMO, so moderate social media use needs to be encouraged. In addition, a reduction in passive, non-communicative information browsing would be conducive to the alleviation of trait-FoMO by ASMU.
Facial Expression Recognition Methods in the Wild Based on Fusion Feature of Attention Mechanism and LBP

Facial expression methods play a vital role in human–computer interaction and other fields, but there are factors such as occlusion, illumination, and pose changes in wild facial recognition, as well as category imbalances between different datasets, that result in large variations in recognition rates and low accuracy rates for different categories of facial expression datasets. This study introduces RCL-Net, a method of recognizing wild facial expressions that is based on an attention mechanism and LBP feature fusion. The structure consists of two main branches, namely the ResNet-CBAM residual attention branch and the local binary feature (LBP) extraction branch (RCL-Net). First, by merging the residual network and hybrid attention mechanism, the residual attention network is presented to emphasize the local detail feature information of facial expressions; the significant characteristics of facial expressions are retrieved from both channel and spatial dimensions to build the residual attention classification model. Second, we present a locally improved residual network attention model. LBP features are introduced into the facial expression feature extraction stage in order to extract texture information on expression photographs in order to emphasize facial feature information and enhance the recognition accuracy of the model. Lastly, experimental validation is performed using the FER2013, FERPLUS, CK+, and RAF-DB datasets, and the experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method has superior generalization capability and robustness in the laboratory-controlled environment and field environment compared to the most recent experimental methods.
A tight-binding study of acceptor levels in semiconductors

Acceptor binding energies in zinc-blende semiconductors are determined within the tight-binding formalism. The importance of fitting the valence-band masses in the (100) as well as (111) directions is discussed, and parametrizations that specifically fit the valence-band anisotropy are used to calculate Ge acceptor levels in AlxGa1-x As alloys. The sensitivity of the calculated energies to the parameters that determine bulk masses is investigated, as well as the effect of varying the on-site energy of the impurity. A comparison is made between first-neighbor and second-neighbor hopping models. For shallow levels, both approaches give the same results. For deeper levels, however, important differences arise. Experimental evidence suggests that first-neighbor models are better suited for describing intermediate to deep levels.
In vivo efficiency of the produced recombinant lysostaphin antimicrobial peptide in treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) skin infection in a mouse model

Background and Objectives: Staphylococcus simulans secretes an antimicrobial compound called lysostaphin, which has bactericidal properties. It destroys staphylococci through the hydrolysis of peptidoglycan in the cell wall. Therefore, this unique property indicates the high ability of lysostaphin in the treatment of staphylococcal infections and is considered as an anti-staphylococcal agent. Materials and Methods: Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) competent cells were transformed with pET32a-lysostaphin clone and induced by isopropyl-β-D-thio-galactoside (IPTG). The recombinant protein was purified by affinity chromatography. Recombinant lysostaphin -A-based ointment was used for external wound healing in animal model. In vivo activity of ointment was evaluated by clinical evidences and cytological microscopic assessment. Results: Our results showed the recombinant protein was produced exactly. The results of checkerboard tests showed MIC, MBC and antibacterial activity test an acute reduction of cell viability during the use of lysostaphin, and SEM results approved the intense wrecking effects of lysostaphin in combination on bacterial cells. Macroscopic findings and microscopic data showed that the recombinant lysostaphin ointment was effective on excisional wound healing. Conclusion: Our findings proved that the recombinant lysostaphin ointment was effective on wound healing due to Staphylococcus aureus infection.
Effects of Aging Factors on PV Modules Output Power: An Experimental Investigation

The importance of renewable energy is enormous in which solar energy plays a significant role. The power degradation rate of solar panels increases with time due to aging factors. The degradation rate of solar panels is mostly triggered by aging factors like dust, discoloration, delamination, and cracks. In this paper, an experimental investigation has been done for 8 years aged 30W and 10 years aged 40W PV modules considering dust, discoloration, delamination and crack. A comparative analysis of the performance parameters of the aged modules is performed with pre-clean and post-clean conditions. The results indicate that the output power of the aged modules becomes double after cleaning. In addition, the effect of different amounts of dust deposition on the PV outputs is analyzed by considering the output power, voltage, and current. Experimental results show that the PV output power degradation rate gradually increases with dust density.
Modélisation du contact normal et tangentiel entre deux matériaux anisotropes

A contact model using semi analytic methods, relying on elementary analytic solutions, has been developed. It is based on numeric techniques adapted to contact mechanics, with strong potential for inelastic, inhomogeneous or anisotropic problems. Recent developments aim to quantify displacements and stresses of an anisotropic material which is in contact with another rigid or elastic material. The influence of symmetry axes on the contact problem solution will be more specifically analyzed. Mots clefs : anisotrope, contact, methode semi analytique
FDSOI-Based Analog Computing for Ultra-Efficient Hamming Distance Similarity Calculation

Computing the similarity between two binary strings is a frequently used operation in cryptography, machine learning, and other areas. The Hamming distance is a simple yet costly to compute similarity metric. A common way is to XOR both binary input strings and then count the number of 1s. Especially the latter popcount part is inefficient with purely digital circuits. In this paper, a novel analog circuit is proposed to compute the Hamming distance in an ultra-efficient way. Contrary to the major trend in the state of the art, no emerging technology is required. Instead, the unique feature of the mature FDSOI transistor technology is exploited for the first time to perform analog-based similarity calculation. Thanks to the additional back gate available in this technology, the transistor’s threshold voltage can be modulated by more than 1 V. Through this key feature, an ultra-efficient analog computing is realized, replacing the inefficient digital popcount traditionally built from expensive adder tree structures. The design is evaluated with an FDSOI transistor model calibrated with industrial measurements. The energy-delay product is at least 24 $\times $ smaller than purely digital implementations and the transistor count is reduced by over 2.6 $\times $ .
A Cognitive-Neuropsychological Account of Treatment Action in Anxiety: Can We Augment Clinical Efficacy?

Background Anxiety disorders are common and disabling conditions. First-line pharmacological treatment with selective-serotonin-reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) and psychological treatment with cognitive-behaviour therapy (CBT) are effective intervention approaches, but not all patients respond, and relapse rates remain relatively high. Aims To identify cognitive and neurobiological mechanisms of action of pharmacological and psychological standard-of-care treatments for anxiety disorders, to then logically derive potential add-on treatment ingredients that might serve to augment such effects. Method We summarise key published work that examined cognitive and neurobiological markers of anxiety disorders and the effects of SSRI and CBT on such parameters. We also discuss potential neuropsychological mechanisms of action of both treatments, and we suggest candidate add-on ingredients likely to improve such actions, based on their key effects. Results Anxiety disorders have been associated with hypervigilance for threat followed by an avoidance of deeper processing. Such effects appear to be underpinned by increased activation in brain areas involved in attention and monitoring, such as amygdala, insula, occipital cortex and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, as well as alterations in areas implicated in emotion regulation, including lateral and ventral prefrontal cortex. Converging evidence suggests that both SSRI and CBT modulate cognitive bias and underlying functional abnormalities early during treatment, and that such changes moderate recovery from anxiety. Conclusions Pharmacological and psychological standard-of-care treatments for anxiety disorders seem to act by targeting cognitive bias early during treatment. A range of pharmacological and neurostimulation strategies known to impair fear memory reconsolidation or to improve fear extinction may have potential to improve the effects of psychological intervention. Such approaches might ultimately help to develop more effective, more economic treatment formats.
Min-max feedback model predictive control for constrained linear systems

Min-max feedback formulations of model predictive control are discussed, both in the fixed and variable horizon contexts. The control schemes the authors discuss introduce, in the control optimization, the notion that feedback is present in the receding-horizon implementation of the control. This leads to improved performance, compared to standard model predictive control, and resolves the feasibility difficulties that arise with the min-max techniques that are documented in the literature. The stabilizing properties of the methods are discussed as well as some practical implementation details.
Principal Parameters in Flow Separation Patterns of Over-Expanded Single Expansion RAMP Nozzle

Abstract The paper investigates the loss of performance due to flow separation in an over-expanded single expansion ramp nozzle (SERN) during the startup and shutdown process. Characterization of the performance of SERN in this flight regime is complicated as the high degree of asymmetry in the geometry of SERN results in asymmetric separation patterns. In this investigation, the various separation patterns of SERN have been studied by way of numerical simulations. The characteristics of the over-expanded separation patterns have been detailed, and the effects of the critical parameters, such as the length of the flap, the expansion ramp angle and the Mach number, have been analyzed. The outcome of the simulations indicates that restricted shock separation (RSS) accounts for the largest range of over-expanded pressure ratios. The length of the flap can affect the separation patterns, and RSS on the flap does not occur for a short flap SERN. Moreover, with the ramp angle larger than 27 degrees, RSS on the ramp can be avoided, while an angle smaller than 20 degree can circumvent free shock separation (FSS) as well as RSS on the flap. When the vehicle accelerates from very low speeds, the separation pattern is changed in a complex manner, transitioning from FSS to RSS and then back to FSS.
Characteristics Mode Analysis-Inspired Compact UWB Antenna with WLAN and X-Band Notch Features for Wireless Applications

A compact circular structured monopole antenna for ultrawideband (UWB) and UWB dual-band notch applications is designed and fabricated on an FR4 substrate. The UWB antenna has a hybrid configuration of the circle and three ellipses as the radiating plane and less than a quarter-lowered ground plane. The overall dimensions of the projected antennas are 16 × 11 × 1.6 mm3, having a −10 dB impedance bandwidth of 113% (3.7–13.3 GHz). Further, two frequency band notches were created using two inverted U-shaped slots on the radiator. These slots notch the frequency band from 5–5.6 GHz and 7.3–8.3 GHz, covering IEEE 802.11, Wi-Fi, WLAN, and the entire X-band satellite communication. A comprehensive frequency and time domain analysis is performed to validate the projected antenna design’s effectiveness. In addition, a circuit model of the projected antenna design is built, and its performance is evaluated. Furthermore, unlike the traditional technique, which uses the simulated surface current distribution to verify functioning, characteristic mode analysis (CMA) is used to provide deeper insight into distinct modes on the antenna.
Active Disturbance Rejection Control of Unconventional Quadrotor based on Grey Wolf Optimization Algorithm

The dynamics of transformable unmanned aerial systems are complex since it includes some non-linearities and control uncertainty. Furthermore, there are subjected to unknown and unmeasurable internal and/or external disturbances caused by structural transformation (rotating arms). These complex dynamics require an advanced disturbance rejection technique to manage the disturbances. In this work, we suggest using the Active Disturbance Rejection Control (ADRC) method as a substitute solution to address the issue of unknown internal and external disturbances in nonlinear systems. We have opted in our application for the reconfigurable quadrotor nonlinear system as a Transformable Unmanned Aerial System, and all of the ADRC coefficients have been synthesized using the Grey Wolf algorithm (GWO). Simulation results obtained from our chosen system are given to show good performance in terms of disturbance rejection.
Impact of Hypothermic Oxygenated Machine Perfusion on Hepatocellular Carcinoma Recurrence after Liver Transplantation

Background: Machine perfusion may be able to mitigate ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), which increases hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence after liver transplantation (LT). This study aimed to investigate the impact of dual-hypothermic oxygenated machine perfusion (D-HOPE) on HCC recurrence in LT. Methods: A single-center retrospective study was conducted from 2016 to 2020. Pre- and postoperative data of HCC patients undergoing LT were analyzed. Recipients of a D-HOPE-treated graft were compared to those of livers preserved using static cold storage (SCS). The primary endpoint was recurrence-free survival (RFS). Results: Of 326 patients, 246 received an SCS-preserved liver and 80 received a D-HOPE-treated graft (donation after brain death (DBD), n = 66; donation after circulatory death (DCD), n = 14). Donors of D-HOPE-treated grafts were older and had higher BMI. All DCD donors were treated by normothermic regional perfusion and D-HOPE. The groups were comparable in terms of HCC features and estimated 5-year RFS according to the Metroticket 2.0 model. D-HOPE did not reduce HCC recurrence (D-HOPE 10%; SCS 8.9%; p = 0.95), which was confirmed using Bayesian model averaging and inverse probability of treatment weighting-adjusted RFS analysis. Postoperative outcomes were comparable between groups, except for lower AST and ALT peak in the D-HOPE group. Conclusions: In this single-center study, D-HOPE did not reduce HCC recurrence but allowed utilizing livers from extended criteria donors with comparable outcomes, improving access to LT for patients suffering from HCC.
Brillouin scattering in systems of biological significance

Brillouin scattering spectra, with a single mode argon-ion laser and triple-pass Fabry-Perot interferometer, have been measured for natural biological fibres and for films of synthetic polypeptides. For wet unstretched rat tail collagen, with the scattering vector parallel and perpendicular to the fibre axis, single Brillouin shifts of ± 7.9 GHz and ± 6.3 GHz respectively were observed. With the scattering vector at 45° to the fibre axis, two peaks ( ± 6.35 GHz and ± 7.7 GHz) were found. For horse hair keratin the shifts for the scattering vector parallel and perpendicular to the fibre axis were ± 8.7 GHz and ± 7.7 GHz respectively. A single peak only was found with the vector at 40° to the fibre axis. Two synthetic polypeptides poly(DL-caprylic acid) and poly(Y-ethyl-L-glutamate), known to have the a-helix conformation, gave shifts of ± 6.36 and ± 6.1 GHz. The results are discussed.
Anomaly Detection Using Groups of Simulations

Simulations can produce results that violate our understandings of the physical governing equations or that do not agree with common sense; these results are usually termed outliers or anomalies. This paper presents a sampling-based approach to identify these anomaly conditions and detect outliers based on comparison to multiple simulation results. The proposed sampling approach has two sampling steps, sampling of results in the input domain and sampling along lines in an input subdomain of interest. Anomalies are identified through iteratively reweighted least squares (IRLS) and cross validation (CV) using data from the samplings. This approach allows anomalies to be observed that may not be found by comparing individual simulations. The proposed approach is used to detect anomalies in predictions of the interaction of a planar shock wave with a dense particle curtain and the outliers were used to identify weaknesses in the simulation code. New simulation results indicate that the anomalies were removed.
Virtual Joint Motion Simulator Accurately Predicts Effects of Femoral Component Malalignment during TKA

Component alignment accuracy during total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has been improving through the adoption of image-based navigation and robotic surgical systems. The biomechanical implications of resulting component alignment error, however, should be better characterized to better understand how sensitive surgical outcomes are to alignment error. Thus, means for analyzing the relationships between alignment, joint kinematics, and ligament mechanics for candidate prosthesis component design are necessary. We used a digital twin of a commercially available joint motion simulator to evaluate the effects of femoral component rotational alignment. As anticipated, the model showed that an externally rotated femoral component results in a knee which is more varus in flexion, with lower medial collateral ligament tension compared to a TKA knee with a neutrally aligned femoral implant. With the simulation yielding logical results for this relatively simple test scenario, we can have more confidence in the accuracy of its predictions for more complicated scenarios.
Neurostimulation as a Putative Method for the Treatment of Drug-resistant Epilepsy in Patient and Animal Models of Epilepsy

A patient with epilepsy was shown to have neurobiological, psychological, cognitive, and social issues as a result of recurring seizures, which is regarded as a chronic brain disease. However, despite numerous drug treatments, approximately, 30%–40% of all patients are resistant to antiepileptic drugs. Therefore, newer therapeutic modalities are introduced into clinical practice which involve neurostimulation and direct stimulation of the brain. Hence, we review published literature on vagus nerve stimulation, trigeminal nerve stimulation, applying responsive stimulation systems, and deep brain stimulation (DBS) in animals and epileptic patient with an emphasis on drug-resistant epilepsy.
Optical Rotation Reversal in the Optical Response of Chiral Plasmonic Nanosystems: The Role of Plasmon Hybridization

Chirality is an important molecular property for structural analysis. Similarly, it has been shown that plasmonic chiral systems exhibit strong circular dichroism (CD) responses that can be used to determine the relative positions of their constituent plasmonic elements. Here we show that the sign of the circular dichroism spectrum in a plasmonic system can be controllably changed through small geometric perturbations that change the energetic ordering of the hybridized modes. This mechanism is distinct from geometrical changes that explicitly change the handedness of the system. In a simple system composed of two stacked L-shaped resonators we observe a reversal of the optical rotation spectral signature for small relative shifts, and we show through electromagnetic modeling and experiments on lithographically patterned samples that this is due to a rearrangement of the relative energies between modes. The plasmonic system allows for geometric perturbation along controlled directions and therefore offers.