Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Markerless Motion Tracking With Noisy Video and IMU Data

<italic>Objective:</italic> Marker-based motion capture, considered the gold standard in human motion analysis, is expensive and requires trained personnel. Advances in inertial sensing and computer vision offer new opportunities to obtain research-grade assessments in clinics and natural environments. A challenge that discourages clinical adoption, however, is the need for careful sensor-to-body alignment, which slows the data collection process in clinics and is prone to errors when patients take the sensors home. <italic>Methods:</italic> We propose deep learning models to estimate human movement with noisy data from videos (VideoNet), inertial sensors (IMUNet), and a combination of the two (FusionNet), obviating the need for careful calibration. The video and inertial sensing data used to train the models were generated synthetically from a marker-based motion capture dataset of a broad range of activities and augmented to account for sensor-misplacement and camera-occlusion errors. The models were tested using real data that included walking, jogging, squatting, sit-to-stand, and other activities. <italic>Results:</italic> On calibrated data, IMUNet was as accurate as state-of-the-art models, while VideoNet and FusionNet reduced mean <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\pm$</tex-math></inline-formula> std root-mean-squared errors by 7.6 <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\pm$</tex-math></inline-formula> 5.4<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^{\circ }$</tex-math></inline-formula> and 5.9 <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\pm$</tex-math></inline-formula> 3.3<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^{\circ }$</tex-math></inline-formula>, respectively. Importantly, all the newly proposed models were less sensitive to noise than existing approaches, reducing errors by up to 14.0 <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\pm$</tex-math></inline-formula> 5.3<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^{\circ }$</tex-math></inline-formula> for sensor-misplacement errors of up to 30.0 <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\pm$</tex-math></inline-formula> 13.7<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^{\circ }$</tex-math></inline-formula> and by up to 7.4 <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\pm$</tex-math></inline-formula> 5.5<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^{\circ }$</tex-math></inline-formula> for joint-center-estimation errors of up to 101.1 <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\pm$</tex-math></inline-formula> 11.2 mm, across joints. <italic>Conclusion:</italic> These tools offer clinicians and patients the opportunity to estimate movement with research-grade accuracy, without the need for time-consuming calibration steps or the high costs associated with commercial products such as Theia3D or Xsens, helping democratize the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of neuromusculoskeletal conditions.
MHL-Net: A Multistage Hierarchical Learning Network for Head and Neck Multiorgan Segmentation

Accurate segmentation of head and neck organs at risk is crucial in radiotherapy. However, the existing methods suffer from incomplete feature mining, insufficient information utilization, and difficulty in simultaneously improving the performance of small and large organ segmentation. In this paper, a multistage hierarchical learning network is designed to fully extract multidimensional features, combined with anatomical prior information and imaging features, using multistage subnetworks to improve the segmentation performance. First, multilevel subnetworks are constructed for primary segmentation, localization, and fine segmentation by dividing organs into two levels—large and small. Different networks both have their own learning focuses and feature reuse and information sharing among each other, which comprehensively improved the segmentation performance of all organs. Second, an anatomical prior probability map and a boundary contour attention mechanism are developed to address the problem of complex anatomical shapes. Prior information and boundary contour features effectively assist in detecting and segmenting special shapes. Finally, a multidimensional combination attention mechanism is proposed to analyze axial, coronal, and sagittal information, capture spatial and channel features, and maximize the use of structural information and semantic features of 3D medical images. Experimental results on several datasets showed that our method was competitive with state-of-the-art methods and improved the segmentation results for multiscale organs.
Recognize Text Entailment Based on FrameNet Relations

This paper proposes a text entailment identification method using the frames and the frames relations in FrameNet together with the relevant knowledge with WordNet.The method finds the path between the frames evoked by the lexical units in text T and hypothesis H in the FrameNet Graph via depth-first search algorithm to identify the hyponymy relationships between the frames;Then it realizes the text entailment recognition through comparing the content of span which are filled in the mapping FE slots.Our experiments are based on certain parts of the evaluation corpus of RET2007.The experimental results reach 76.6% precision,which is consistent with the best results of RET2007 evaluation results in the task of "Recognize Text Entailment".
Non‐autistic adults can recognize posed autistic facial expressions: Implications for internal representations of emotion

Autistic people report that their emotional expressions are sometimes misunderstood by non‐autistic people. One explanation for these misunderstandings could be that the two neurotypes have different internal representations of emotion: Perhaps they have different expectations about what a facial expression showing a particular emotion looks like. In three well‐powered studies with non‐autistic college students in the United States (total N = 632), we investigated this possibility. In Study 1, participants recognized most facial expressions posed by autistic individuals more accurately than those posed by non‐autistic individuals. Study 2 showed that one reason the autistic expressions were recognized more accurately was because they were better and more intense examples of the intended expressions than the non‐autistic expressions. In Study 3, we used a set of expressions created by autistic and non‐autistic individuals who could see their faces as they made the expressions, which could allow them to explicitly match the expression they produced with their internal representation of that emotional expression. Here, neither autistic expressions nor non‐autistic expressions were consistently recognized more accurately. In short, these findings suggest that differences in internal representations of what emotional expressions look like are unlikely to play a major role in explaining why non‐autistic people sometimes misunderstand the emotions autistic people are experiencing.
BURDEN OF FAMILY CAREGIVER IN CARING FOR STROKE PATIENTS: A MIXED METHOD RESEARCH

Background: Stroke is the fifth leading cause of death in the world, stroke does not only have a negative impact on patients but also has an impact on family caregivers. This study aims to describe the burden experienced by family caregivers in caring for stroke patients. Methods: This research uses a mixed method with sequential explanatory approach. The research was conducted from August to October 2019 involved 106 family caregivers using a purposive sampling technique. Burden experienced was measured with the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) questionnaire. Quantitative data analysis was performed by SPSS and qualitative data analysis with Opencode. Results: Burden experienced was at a mild level, there was a significant relationship to education variables (p = 0.007, r = -0.297), family relationships (p = 0.001, r = 0.001), number of caregivers (p = 0.001, r = 0.364), and the patient's duration of stroke (p = 0.006, r = -0.322). There are three themes in this study, that is difficulties in caring, motivation for caring and sources of support. Conclusion: Although quantitatively the family caregiver experiences a mild burden, qualitatively the family caregiver reports complaints in caring for almost all aspects, so treatment is needed to resolve this burden.
Model reference adaptive minimum‐energy control for a mechatronic elevator system

The mechatronic elevator system driven by a permanent magnet synchronous motor is modeled using mechanical and electrical equations. In addition, the dimensionless forms are derived for practicable movements. This paper proposes and demonstrates the reference model of a minimum‐input absolute electrical energy control scheme based on the Hamiltonian function. Furthermore, a model reference adaptive control scheme based on the Lyapunov function is proposed for tracking the reference model to achieve a robust control performance, thus combining the minimum‐energy reference model of the minimum‐input absolute electrical energy control and the robust control offered by the model reference adaptive control. The proposed model reference adaptive minimum‐energy control yields robust minimum‐energy control performance. Subsequently, the experimental parameters of the elevator system were identified through self‐learning particle swarm optimization. The experimental results demonstrate the robust minimum‐energy control performance of the proposed model reference adaptive minimum‐energy control. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Neocucurbitaria chlamydospora sp. nov.: A Novel Species of the Family Cucurbitariaceae Isolated from a Stink Bug in Korea

Abstract The fungal strain KNUF-22-18B, belonging to Cucurbitariaceae, was discovered from a stink bug (Hygia lativentris) during the investigation of insect microbiota in Chungnam Province, South Korea. The colonies of the strain KNUF-22-18B were wooly floccose, white to brown in the center on oatmeal agar (OA), and the colonies were buff, margin even, and colorless, reverse white to yellowish toward the center on malt extract agar (MEA). The strain KNUF-22-18B produced pycnidia after 60 days of culturing on potato dextrose agar, but pycnidia were not observed on OA. On the contrary, N. keratinophila CBS 121759T abundantly formed superficial pycnidia on OA and MEA after a few days. The strain KNUF-22-18B produced chlamydospores subglobose to globose, mainly in the chain, with a small diameter of 4.4–8.8 μm. At the same time, N. keratinophila CBS 121759T displayed a globose terminal with a diameter of 8–10 μm. A multilocus phylogeny using the internal transcribed spacer regions, 28S rDNA large subunit, β-tubulin, and RNA polymerase II large subunit genes further validated the uniqueness of the strain. The detailed description and illustration of the proposed species as Neocucurbitaria chlamydospora sp. nov. from Korea was strongly supported by molecular phylogeny.
Burnout as Mediateer of The Influence of Organizational Support and Family Support on Job Stress at KSPPS Tunas Artha Mandiri

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of organizational and family support on work stress among female employees at KSPPS Tunas Artha Mandiri, as well as to examine the role of burnout as a mediator between these variables. The study aims to provide a better understanding of the factors that influence work stress among female workers, in order to provide recommendations for improving employee well-being and company productivity. The population of the study consists of 641 female employees in the company. The method used is a quantitative approach and path analysis. The results show that organizational support has a negative and significant effect on burnout, while family support has a positive and significant effect on burnout. Both organizational and family support have a negative and significant effect on work stress. Burnout has a positive and significant effect on work stress but does not mediate the effects of organizational and family support on work stress
Analysis of the Effects of IL-6 -572 C/G, CRP -757 A/G, and CRP -717 T/C Gene Polymorphisms; IL-6 Levels; and CRP Levels on Chronic Periodontitis in Coronary Artery Disease in Indonesia

Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and C-Reactive Protein (CRP) play an important role in chronic periodontitis with coronary artery disease (CAD). Genetic factors can affect a person’s risk of CAD, which affects one-third of the population. This study investigated the role of IL-6 -572 C/G, CRP -757 A/G, and CRP -717 T/C gene polymorphisms. IL-6 and CRP levels on the severity of periodontitis in CAD in Indonesia were also evaluated. This case-control study was conducted with mild and moderate–severe chronic periodontitis groups. A path analysis test was conducted with Smart PLS with a 95% confidence interval to determine the significant variable for chronic periodontitis. Our study revealed that the effects of IL-6 -572 C/G, CRP -757 A/G, and CRP -717 T/C gene polymorphisms on IL-6 levels and CRP levels were not significant. IL-6 and CRP levels were not significantly different between the two groups. We found that IL-6 levels had a significant effect on CRP levels in periodontitis patients with CAD (path coefficient 0.322, p = 0.003). IL-6 -572 C/G, CRP -757 A/G, and CRP -717 T/C gene polymorphisms had no effect on the severity of chronic periodontitis in CAD patients in the Indonesian population. We also observed no apparent effects of the influence of gene polymorphisms in IL-6 -572 C/G, CRP -757 A/G, and CRP -717 T/C genes. Although the IL-6 and CRP levels were not significantly different between the two groups, IL-6 levels affected CRP levels in periodontitis patients with CAD.
Type of Feet in a Mexican Population: Analysis of the Footprint Morphology and Literature Review

The objective of this study was to analyze the footprint morphology and obtain the Chippaux-Smirak Index in a Mexican population to identify the type of feet and its prevalence. A database of images of the soles of both feet was analyzed. The database contained images of 1,014 persons between 2 and 73 years old from Guanajuato state, Mexico. Moreover, a literature review was performed to identify the type of feet in the Mexican population. It was observed that less than 17 % of the population have cavus foot (p= 0.018). Furthermore, less than 25 % of the population between 17 and 73 years have flatfoot 3 (p= 0.0079) in the left foot. Also, only nine articles related to the type of foot in the Mexican population were found, but most of them were performed on young population. The formation of the medial arc could be beyond the first decade of life and the relatively high prevalence of flatfoot in adult life should be studied. Finally, the results found can be useful for orthopedists, physiotherapists, clinicians, and parents who are concerned about the foot health of their children.
An exhaustive experimental evaluation on the effects of using Jatropha biodiesel as an admixture in a DI diesel engine powered by waste plastic fuel

ABSTRACT Incorporating jatropha biodiesel into discarded plastic oil and diesel on diesel engines and analysis of six fuel samples, three diesel types and two waste plastic diesel and jatropha biodiesel combinations. Following characterisation, a one-cylinder, DI diesel engine underwent comprehensive performance and emissions testing, involving spectroscopy. Addition of jatropha biodiesel led to reduced viscosity and density of the waste plastic-diesel blend, a 20% decrease in flash point, and 10% reductions in BSEC and BSFC, while lowering the engine's thermal efficiency by 5%. Jatropha biodiesel increased HC by 30%, reduced CO and NOx emissions by 20% and 5%. Both diesel and WPF20D60JB20 exhibited a of 36.45%, with BSEC values at full load of 9.91 and 9.84 MJ/kW-hr. WPF20D60JB20 demonstrated the best performance.
Attitude-Independent Magnetometer Calibration Using Nonlinear Least Squares

This article presents a new formulation for attitude-independent calibration of three-axis magnetometers. The proposed solution employs a nonlinear least squares (NLLS) estimator that uses the nonlinear sensor model proposed by Foster and Elkaim in the well-known extended two-step (ETS) algorithm. Our solution has a few advantages over ETS and is more straightforward to implement than many subsequent algorithms. It enables the calculation of the calibration parameters’ uncertainties and does not require the assumption that all magnetometer measurements have a constant magnetic field magnitude. The former is essential for evaluating calibration quality, while the latter may be required for on-orbit magnetometer calibration. However, the NLLS has the drawback of requiring an initial parameter estimation to ensure convergence. Therefore, our work presents a new technique to calculate the scale factors and offsets for initializing the NLLS. Simulations and practical implementations demonstrate that our method performs similar to a recently computed analytical solution of the ETS (ETS-A). Furthermore, a Monte Carlo simulation shows that the NLLS algorithm provides a slightly better estimation of the scale factors than the ETS, in addition to the abovementioned advantages.
The Role of Alexithymia and Impulsivity in Male Victims and Perpetrators of Intimate Partner Violence

(1) Background: Alexithymia and impulsivity appear to represent risk factors for violence perpetration, while mixed results are present with respect to victimization experience. In light of this, the purpose of this study was to compare the roles of both alexithymia and impulsivity among three different samples of men: men who experienced partner victimization (IPVV); male intimate partner violence perpetrators (IPVP); and men from the general population (CG). (2) Methods: Participants were recruited from specialized centers in Italy. A profile analysis was conducted. (3) Results: The results showed that IPVV presented alexithymia and impulsivity comparable to the CG. Furthermore, differences were found between victims and perpetrators in terms of impulsivity and alexithymia. The IPVP group had higher levels of both impulsivity and alexithymia in comparison to IPVV. Moreover, the perpetrators exhibited significantly higher levels of alexithymia compared to the CG. However, despite the medium Cohen’s d (d = 0.441) resulting from the analyses, IPVP’s level of impulsivity was not statistically different from the CG. (4) Conclusion: Alexithymia and impulsivity appear to play a key role in violent behaviors and should be the focus of psychological interventions with perpetrators.
Magnetic flux in the internetwork quiet Sun

We report a direct comparison of the amplitudes of Stokes spectra of the Fe  630 nm and 1.56 µm lines produced by realistic MHD simulations with simultaneous observations in the same spectral regions. The Stokes spectra were synthesized in snapshots with a mixed polarity magnetic field having a spatially averaged strength, � B� , between 10 and 30 G. The distribution of Stokes V amplitudes depends sensitively onB� . A quiet inter-network region was observed at the German VTT simultane- ously with TIP (1.56 µm) and POLIS (630 nm). We find that the Stokes V amplitudes of both infrared and visible observations are best reproduced by the simulation snapshot withB� = 20 G. In observations with 1 �� resolution, up to 2/3 of the magnetic flux can remain undetected.
Oviduct epithelial cell‑derived extracellular vesicles promote the developmental competence of IVF porcine embryos

Assisted reproductive technology has increased the efficiency of animal reproduction. However, polyspermy is a significant limitation of porcine in vitro fertilization (IVF). Therefore, reducing the polyspermy rate and improving monospermic embryos is crucial. Recent studies have reported that oviductal fluid, along with its contents of extracellular vesicles (EVs), enhanced the fertilization process and supported embryo development. Consequently, the present study investigated the effects of porcine oviduct epithelial cells (OEC-EVs) on sperm-oocyte interactions during porcine IVF and evaluated in vitro embryo developmental competence outcomes. During IVF embryo development, the cleavage rate was significantly higher in the group treated with 50 ng/ml OEC-EVs compared with the control group (67.6±2.5 vs. 57.3±1.9; P<0.05). Furthermore, the OEC-EV group had significantly more embryos (16.4±1.2 vs. 10.2±0.8; P<0.05), and the polyspermy rate significantly decreased (32.9±2.5 vs. 43.8±3.1; P<0.05) compared with that of the control group. Additionally, the fluorescence intensities of cortical granules (3.56±0.47 vs. 2.15±0.24; P<0.05) and active mitochondria (8.14±0.34 vs. 5.96±0.38; P<0.05) were significantly higher in the OEC-EV group compared with those in the control group. In conclusion, OEC-EV adsorption and penetration crosstalk between sperm and oocytes was observed. OEC-EV treatment was demonstrated to significantly improve the concentration and distribution of cortical granules in oocytes. Furthermore, OEC-EVs also increased oocyte mitochondrial activity, reduced polyspermy and increased the IVF success rate.
Profiling and Evaluation of the Effect of Guarana-Loaded Liposomes on Different Skin Cell Lines: An In Vitro Study

The objective of this study was to analyze the in vitro stability and toxicity of liposomes containing guarana in skin cell lines. The liposomes were produced by the reverse phase evaporation method containing 1 mg/mL guarana. The stability of the liposomes was evaluated by physical-chemical parameters for up to 90 days using three different storage conditions. The cytotoxicity of guarana (GL), liposomes (B-Lip), and guarana-loaded liposomes (G-Lip) was evaluated on spontaneously immortalized human keratinocyte cell lines (HaCaT), murine Swiss albino fibroblasts (3T3), and human fibroblasts (1BR.3.G). The evaluation was performed using cellular viability analysis. The techniques used were 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and neutral red capturing (NRU), and the analyses were conducted after 24, 48, and 72 h of exposure of these cells to the different treatments. The G-Lip exhibited physical-chemical stability for 60 days when the samples were stored in a refrigerator. The GL, B-Lip, and G-Lip demonstrated low cytotoxicity in the three different cell cultures tested since a small reduction in cell viability was only observed at the highest concentrations. In addition, greater cell damage was observed for B-Lip; however, guarana protected the cells from this damage. Thus, G-Lip structures can be considered promising systems for topical applications.
Staphylococcus aureus coa gene sequence analysis can prevent misidentification of coagulase-negative strains and contribute to their control in dairy cow herds

Accurate and precise differentiation of staphylococci isolated from milk is of importance for udder health management. In particular, the rapid and specific identification of Staphylococcus aureus plays an essential role in the prevention and treatment programs for bovine mastitis. Plasma gelatinization in coagulase assays is routinely used to discriminate S. aureus from other species by detecting the presence of extracellular free staphylocoagulase. However, rarely occurring coagulase-deficient S. aureus strains can be responsible for clinical and subclinical mastitis cases. By investigating S. aureus isolates from a single herd over a 10-year period we identified the persistence of a phenotypically coagulase-negative S. aureus strain and pinpointed the possible cause to a single base pair deletion in the coa gene sequence. Our results support the need to integrate primary biochemical tests with molecular/sequence analysis approaches for correctly identifying and discriminating atypical S. aureus in bovine herds, as the coagulase test alone may fail to detect persistent mastitis-causing strains.