Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Large deviation for weak Gibbs measures and multifractal spectra

We introduce the class of `medium varying functions' and corresponding weak Gibbs measures both defined on a symbolic shift space. We prove that the Helmholtz free energy of the stochastic process of a randomly stopped Birkhoff sum measured by a weak Gibbs measure can be expressed in terms of the topological pressure. This leads to the notion of the multifractal entropy function which provides large deviation bounds. We show that the multifractal entropy functions coincide (up to constants) with multifractal spectra when Gibbs or g-measures are involved.
Minimal frustration underlies the usefulness of incomplete regulatory network models in biology

Significance In spite of their limited accuracy, gene regulatory networks have provided an immensely successful framework for modeling the cell-fate decision-making process. Here, we show that this success is a consequence of the minimal frustration and the resultant low-dimensional dynamics of the underlying biological networks regulating cell-fate choice. While the minimal frustration property allows for the construction of incomplete/inexact network models of varying sizes that can nevertheless predict cellular behavior, this property also makes it exceedingly difficult to infer precise regulatory networks from gene expression profiles. Thus, the present study addresses fundamental questions concerning network models of cell-fate choice.
New integrable hierarchy, its parametric solutions, cuspons, one-peak solitons, and M/W-shape peak solitons

In this paper, we propose a new completely integrable hierarchy. Particularly in the hierarchy we draw two new soliton equations: (1) mt=12(1∕m2)xxx−12(1∕m2)x; (2) mt+mx(u2−ux2)+2m2ux=0, m=u−uxx. The first one is the second positive member in the hierarchy while the second one is the second negative member in the hierarchy. Both equations can be derived from the two-dimensional Euler equation by using the approximation procedure. All equations in the hierarchy are proven to have bi-Hamiltonian operators and Lax pairs through solving a crucial matrix equation. Moreover, we develop parametric solutions of the entire hierarchy through constructing two kinds of constraints; one is for all negative members of the hierarchy on a symplectic submanifold, and the other is for all positive members in the standard symplectic space. The most interesting things are both equations possess new type of peaked solitons—continuous and piecewise smooth “W-/M-shape peak” soliton solutions. In addition, we find new cusp solit.
A WTC suppression algorithm for weather radar based on weighted schatten p-norm minimization

ABSTRACT The Matrix Completion (MC) method can effectively suppress the wind turbine clutter (WTC) of the weather radar, however its recovery accuracy suffers from the low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the real measured weather signal. Moreover, the singular value distribution of the observation matrix constructed by the measured radar data has no sharp cut-off characteristic, which results the rank can not be well approximated and also reduces the recovery accuracy. In this paper, a non-convex MC algorithm based on weighted Schatten p-norm is proposed for the WTC suppression in Doppler frequency domain. Experiments are carried out on the measured signal data, and the results demonstrate that compared with the commonly used nuclear norm minimization (NNM) model, the weighted Schatten p-norm minimization (WSNM) model can further improve the recovery accuracy of weather signal and realizes the superior estimation performance of spectral moment.
Dependencia a los videojuegos y su relación con las habilidades sociales en adolescentes

Durante los últimos años el uso de los videojuegos se ha convertido en una de las prácticas recreativas más realizadas por los adolescentes, sin embargo, el empleo desmedido de dichos artefactos preocupa a la comunidad, debido a que se presume son causantes del deterioro de la salud mental, así también podría afectar la interacción social del sujeto con su entorno. El objetivo de la investigación fue identificar la relación entre la dependencia a los videojuegos y las habilidades sociales en adolescentes en una muestra de 120 jóvenes de ambos sexos de una Unidad Educativa de la ciudad de Ambato-Ecuador. La metodología implementada corresponde a un enfoque cuantitativo, de diseño no experimental, de corte transversal y alcance correlacional. Se aplicó el instrumento de dependencia a videojuegos de Choliz y Marcos y la lista de chequeo de habilidades sociales de Goldstein. Los resultados revelan que la dependencia a videojuegos se encuentra en niveles bajos y moderados, así también gran parte de los participantes evaluados presentan entre normal y buen nivel de habilidades sociales, además se hallaron diferencias con respecto al género, determinando así que los hombres son más propensos a ser dependientes a los videojuegos con respecto a las mujeres. Finalmente, se concluye que no existe relación entre las variables de estudio (Rho = -0.147 p>0.050).
Beam-Tracking Technique for IRS-Assisted mmWave Cellular Systems With Uniform Planar Array

In this article, a beam-tracking technique is proposed for millimeter-wave (mmWave) cellular systems with an intelligent reflective surface (IRS). A preamble design technique for IRS-assisted cellular systems is proposed using the complex conjugate property of the Zadoff-Chu sequence and reflecting nature of IRS. Moreover, a beam-tracking technique for mmWave cellular systems with a uniform planar array (UPA) is also proposed to track the variation in the angle of departure (AoD) using subpanel structures of the UPA. Through simulation, it is demonstrated that the beam tracking technique with the proposed preamble can successfully track 2-D AoD trajectories of the base station and IRS.
Phytochemical Profiling, Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Plants Belonging to the Lavandula Genus

Lavender is a valuable medicinal plant belonging to the Lamiaceae family. Currently 39 species are known, but only Lavandula angustifolia is a pharmacopoeial raw material. Lavender has a long history of medicinal use and mainly exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, sedative, antidepressant, spasmolytic, anticholinesterases, antifungal and antibacterial properties. Used internally, it relieves symptoms of mental stress and insomnia and supports digestion. Topical use of lavender in aromatherapy, neuralgia and antiseptics is also known. The constant interest in lavender, and in particular in Lavandula angustifolia, in the field of medicine and pharmacy is evidenced by the growing number of publications. In view of so many studies, it seems important to review traditional and modern extraction techniques that determine the chemical composition responsible for the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of various extracts from the species of the Lavandula genus.
Coherence measurements and coherent diffractive imaging at FLASH

We present an overview of recent experiments performed at the free-electron laser (FEL) FLASH at DESY in Hamburg. Experiments were focused on coherence measurements and coherent x-ray diffractive imaging (CXDI) of periodic and non-periodic biological samples. Young's double slit experiment was performed at FLASH to measure its coherence properties at a fundamental wavelength of 13.7 nm. Additionally, a uniformly redundant array was used to measure the coherence properties of the third harmonic (2.7 nm) of an 8 nm fundamental wavelength at FLASH. Coherent imaging of a two-dimensional (2D) finite crystal structure using a single pulse train of FLASH radiation was demonstrated. We show that the structure is reconstructed to the detector-limited resolution of 220 nm, given an adequate signal to noise ratio. We have also employed CXDI in a non-destructive regime to compare the images of a biological sample using single, femtosecond pulses of FLASH radiation. We have verified that images reconstructed using CXDI are similar for statistically different FEL pulses. We have also demonstrated Fourier transform holography of the same biological sample and present diffraction data measured at the third harmonic of FLASH, reaching into the water window.
Nomofobia y su relación con las habilidades sociales en adolescentes

La nomofobia, es el pánico que sienten las personas a estar sin el teléfono móvil, a tal punto que los sujetos prefieren construir redes de sociabilidad en la virtualidad, limitando de esta manera el desarrollo de las habilidades sociales dentro de su entorno. El estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la relación que existe entre la nomofobia y las habilidades sociales en los adolescentes de una Unidad Educativa de la ciudad de Ambato - Ecuador. Para este propósito se aplicó el Cuestionario de Nomofobia (NMP-Q) en la versión en español y el Test Escala de habilidades sociales a 171 estudiantes, de los cuales 86 son mujeres y 85 son varones. El estudio tiene un enfoque cuantitativo; es de tipo descriptivo y correlacional. Para establecer la población se utilizó el muestreo no probabilístico. Los resultados obtenidos indican que el 69% de los encuestados presentan un nivel moderado de nomofobia; mientras que el 79% muestran un nivel medio en relación al desarrollo de las habilidades sociales. Existe una correlación negativa entre las variables, puesto que cuanto mayor sea el nivel de nomofobia, menor será la capacidad para desarrollar las habilidades sociales en los sujetos.
A Dosimetric Analysis of Modified Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy for Bone Marrow Sparing Radiotherapy in Cervical Cancer-An alternative Approach to Conventional VMAT

Background: External beam radiotherapy remains the primary treatment modality in cervical cancer. Nowadays Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT) and volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) are increasingly being used to reduce normal tissue toxicity. The drawback of conventional VMAT is that a considerable volume of pelvic bone marrow receives a low dose. aim: We analyzed whether there was a way to reduce the volume of the low dose regions of bone marrow, and assessed the potential benefit of conventional-4Arc (C-4Arc VMAT), and Modified-4Arc (M-4Arc VMAT) over the conventional 2 ARC VMAT. Materials And Methods: Twelve clinically proven locally advanced cervical cancer patients treated with concurrent chemo-radiotherapy by Conventional VMAT (RapidArc) in dual rotation mode (C-2Arc VMAT) were selected for this study.C-4Arc VMAT and M-4Arc VMAT dose plans were generated for these twelve patients and these three different types of plans were evaluated for the quality and compared dosimetrically. Results: M-4Arc VMAT designs exhibited a greater bone marrow sparing when compared with conventional VMATs with respect to volume receiving 5Gy to 35Gy without compromising PTV dose coverage. M-4Arc VMAT plans, the bone marrow volume receiving 30 Gy (V30Gy),40Gy (V40Gy), and mean doses were lower than the C- 4 Arc plan and a similar result was observed for V50(Gy) also when comparing with the standard 2 Arc plan. In modified VMAT plans, the rectum and bladder dose volumes were lower than standard VMAT. Similarly, the bowel bag V35(Gy), V40(Gy), V50(Gy), mean doses. The right and left femoral head doses were reduced significantly when compared to conventional VMAT plans. Conclusion: The M-4Arc VMAT plans are better than the C-2Arc and C-4Arc VMAT plans for reducing the dose to bone marrow by limiting the MLC field width travel.
Software-Defined Heterogeneous Edge Computing Network Resource Scheduling Based on Reinforcement Learning

With the rapid development of wireless networks, wireless edge computing networks have been widely considered. The heterogeneous characteristics of the 6G edge computing network bring new challenges to network resource scheduling. In this work, we consider a heterogeneous edge computing network with heterogeneous edge computing nodes and task requirements. We design a software-defined heterogeneous edge computing network architecture to separate the control layer and the data layer. According to different requirements, the tasks in heterogeneous edge computing networks are decomposed into multiple subtasks at the control layer, and the edge computing node alliance responding to the tasks is established to perform the decomposed subtasks. In order to optimize both network energy consumption and network load balancing, we model the resource scheduling problem as a Markov Decision Process (MDP), and design a Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) resource scheduling algorithm based on deep reinforcement learning. Simulation analysis shows that the proposed PPO resource scheduling can achieve low energy consumption and ideal load balancing.
QuantiFERON supernatant-based host biomarkers predicting progression to active tuberculosis disease among household contacts of tuberculosis patients.

BACKGROUND The positive predictive value of Tuberculin Skin Test and current generation Interferon Gamma Release Assays are very low leading to high numbers needed to treat. Therefore, it is critical to identify new biomarkers with high predictive accuracy to identify individuals bearing high risk of progression to active tuberculosis. METHODS We used stored QuantiFERON supernatants from 14 household contacts of index TB patients who developed incident active TB during a two-year follow-up and 20 age and sex-matched non-progressors. The supernatants were tested for an expanded panel of 45 cytokines, chemokines and growth factors using the Luminex Multiplex Array kit. RESULTS We found significant differences in the levels of TB-antigen induced production of several analytes between progressors and non-progressors. Dominance analysis identified 15 key predictive biomarkers based on relative percentage importance. Principal component analysis revealed that these biomarkers could robustly distinguish between the two groups. Receiver operating characteristic analysis identified IP-10, CCL19, IFN-γ, IL-1ra, CCL3 and GM-CSF as the most promising predictive markers, with AUC ≥90. IP-10/CCL19 ratio exhibited maximum sensitivity and specificity (100%) in predicting progression. Through Classification and Regression Tree analysis, a cut-off of 0.24 for IP-10/CCL19 ratio was found to be ideal for predicting short-term risk of progression to TB disease with a positive predictive value of 100 (95% CI 85.8-100). CONCLUSION The biomarkers identified in this study will pave way for the development of a more accurate test that can identify individuals at high risk for immediate progression to TB disease for targeted intervention.
A Single-Lens Multi-Sensor Imaging System for 3-D Shape Inspection with a Wide Field of View

For high speed visual inspection, it is essential to acquire 2-D images with a wide field of view and a high resolution. For use in 3-D shape inspection, a mosaic imaging system with a single lens and multiple sensors is presented with the help of beam splitters and combined with multi-directional pattern projection units for phase measuring profilometry. For real-time stitch, a matching matrix between a pair of cameras with camera calibration is calculated based on their homography. The experimental results show its effectiveness for real-time 3-D shape inspection with a wide field of view and a high resolution.
The effect of a uniform radial electric field on the toroidal ion temperature gradients mode

It has been shown [Maccio, Phys. Plasmas 8, 895 (2001)] that a uniform radial electric field can stabilize the toroidal ion temperature gradient mode in tokamak plasmas. In this paper, using the ballooning transform, the mechanism leading to stabilization is further clarified. However, the stabilizing effect depends on the choice of the background distribution function. It is shown that if the electric field is connected with a toroidal plasma rotation the stabilizing effect becomes ineffective. Consequently, in many current experiments this effect should not play a role.
Tracing shock waves from the corona to 1 AU: Type II radio emission and relationship with CMEs

We report on 10 type II bursts observed with ground-based spectrographs in the meter-decameter range, and with the Radio and Plasma Wave Investigation on the Wind spacecraft from 13.8 to 0.01 MHz. We have selected events with contemporaneous observations of flares and of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) by Large-Angle and Spectrometric Coronagraph (LASCO) telescopes. We trace the history of each event from the time of the impulsive phase of the flare, the CME liftoff time, and the start time of the radio bursts. We derive the speed of the type II shock by using a coronal/solar wind density model, and the height-time progression is compared with that of the CME as observed in the plane of the sky and then converted into the radial direction. For most events a shock at 1 AU was observed in situ. The results show the following: (1) All type II bursts occurred within 2 or 3 min of the impulsive phase of a flare. (2) The speeds of the disturbances from the time of the flares to the time of the shocks at 1 AU were very similar to the speeds of the type II-emitting shocks: they were in the range of 600 to 1300 km s -1 . (3) When the type II burst was observed far out in the solar wind, the progression of the type II source had about the same speed in the solar wind as in the corona. (4) The CME liftoffs were before the flares and the type II bursts by 1-24 min for most of the selected events. As a consequence, in the corona, the type II bursts, being behind the fronts of the CMEs, are usually blast waves. (5) When a shock and CME material are observed at 1 AU, the time of arrival implies a deceleration of the CME in the solar wind, as is observed in the LASCO data. (6) Somewhere in the solar wind the shocks very likely become piston-driven. related to the CME.
Development of microcolumnar LaBr3:Ce scintillator

While a wide variety of new scintillators are now available, new cerium-doped lanthanide halide scintillators have shown a strong potential to move beyond their familiar role in conventional gamma ray spectroscopy, toward fulfilling the needs of highly demanding applications such as radioisotope identification at room temperature, homeland security, and quantitative molecular imaging for medical diagnostics, staging and research. Despite their extraordinary advantages, however, issues related to reliable, large volume manufacturing of these high light yield materials in a rapid and economic manner have not been resolved or purposefully addressed. Also, if microcolumnar films of this material could be fabricated, it would find widespread use in a multitude of high-speed imaging/nuclear medicine applications. Here we report on synthesizing LaBr3:Ce scintillators using a thermal evaporation technique, which permits the fabrication of high spatial resolution microcolumnar films and holds a potential to synthesize large volumes of high quality material in a time efficient and cost effective manner. Performance evaluation of the fabricated films and their application for SPECT imaging are also discussed.
Genome-wide association analysis to identify QTL for carcass traits in Hanwoo (Korean native cattle)

A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed to investigate the genetic markers associated with carcass traits of Hanwoo (Bos taurus coreanae) steer in the Gangwon region of Korea. Hanwoo steer (139) from the Gangwon region were genotyped with Bovine SNP50K BeadChip, and 35,769 SNPs were analyzed for five specific carcass traits after applying several filters. A total of seven quantitative trait loci were detected, of which four, one, and 2 SNPs were detected on various B. taurus autosomal chromosomes (BTA) by the respective model. The four significant SNPs associated with backfat thickness were ARS-BFGL-NGSâ€“41475 on BTA 5, ARS-BFGLNGS- 36359 on BTA 19, ARS-BFGL-NGS-56813 on BTA 22, and Hapmap25048-BTA-138242 on BTA 25. Among the detected SNPs, one and two SNPs were associated with marbling score (ARS-BFGL-NGS-110066 on BTA 23) and meat colour (BTB-01920239 on BTA 15 and ARS-BFGL-NGS-24934 on BTA 18). In this GWAS, we identified three positional candidate genes for carcass traits, backfat thickness (Fibulin-2, FBLN2; Sorting nexin 29, SNX29) and meat colour (WW domain containing oxidoreductase, WWOX). Our results suggest that the candidate SNP markers do affect the genomic selection of associated carcass traits for Hanwoo in the Gangwon region.
Principle and performance analysis of low-power, high-speed, low-noise comparators

This paper studies three different structures proposed in recent years and discusses their advantages and properties respectively. A modified strong-arm latch voltage comparator is adapted to 3GHz operating frequency through additional current paths in the pre-amplifier. A latch-type comparator with a dynamic-biased pre-amplifier (DA) greatly reduces energy and improves noise performance through the stabilization of the input common-mode voltage. An FIA comparator further reduces energy and noise and greatly enhances the delay performance and the robustness of the comparator against different input common-mode voltage.
Resource Allocation for RSMA-Based Coordinated Direct and Relay Transmission

In this letter, we investigate a rate splitting multiple access (RSMA) based coordinated direct and relay transmission (CDRT) system, where a base station (BS) serves two users using the rate splitting strategy, and a decode-and-forward (DF) relay aids the BS in establishing a communication link with a far user. We focus on a max-min fairness problem aiming at maximizing the minimum achievable rate of two users. The precoding vectors of the BS and the relay, the common rate of each user and the time allocation coefficients are jointly optimized under the constraint of limited system resources. Unfortunately, the optimization problem is non-convex due to the coupled optimization variables and the non-convex objective. Therefore, we transform the original problem into a difference of convex (DC) program and obtain a sub-optimal solution by adopting an iterative constrained concave convex procedure (CCCP) based algorithm. Simulation results demonstrate substantial performance gains of our proposed RSMA-CDRT over the conventional CDRT strategies and the flexibility in adapting to various channel environments.
Selenium Alleviates the Toxic Effects of Cadmium
in Lupine (Lupinus albus L.)

This study aimed at investigating the effects of selenium (Se) against cadmium (Cd) toxicity on the plant growth, antioxidative enzyme activity, and Cd and Se content in lupine ( Lupinus albus L.) plant and soil. The experiment was carried out under controlled conditions according to the factorial experiment design. Two doses of Cd (Cd 1 :25 mg kg -1 and Cd 2 :50 mg kg -1 ) were applied in the soil. Three doses of Se (Se 1 :2,5 mg kg -1 Se 2 : 5 mg kg -1 , and Se 3 :10 mg kg -1 ) were applied to the Cd-treated pots. Two-way analysis of variance was conducted to explore the interactions between Cd and Se doses. The results showed that Cd 1 and Cd 2 applications alone caused a decrease in plant growth as well as increased oxidative stress due to shoot and root Cd content in plants and soil. Se 1 and Se 2 applications to Cd-treated pots caused an increase in shoot and root length, fresh and dry shoot weights, fresh and dry root weights. However, Se 3 (10 mg kg -1 ) application decreased shoot and root length, fresh and dry shoot weights, fresh and dry root weights. More importantly, application of Se (2,5 mg Se kg -1 and 5 mg Se kg -1 ) is effective in improving the toxicity of cadmium increasing plant growth and diminishing shoot and root Cd, MDA content and DTPA-Cd content in lupine plant. We concluded that low and medium levels of Se alleviated the toxic effects of Cd in lupine. But high level of Se exerted negative influence on plant growth and oxidative stress under Cd toxicity. Moreover the effectiveness of selenium in reducing cadmium toxicity depends on the dose as well as the form of application.