Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of fibrosis with noninvasive biochemical tests in chronic viral hepatitis B

Background and Aim Early diagnosis and treatment of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) disease are important for the prevention of complications such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular cancer. Liver biopsy is an invasive, complicated, and expensive diagnostic method, which is the gold standard for detecting fibrosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of these tests in predicting liver fibrosis and treatment decision. Materials and Methods A total of 1051 patients diagnosed with CHB between 2010 and 2020 in the Gaziantep University Gastroenterology Department were retrospectively evaluated. AAR, API, APRI, FIB-4, KING score, and FIBROQ score were calculated at the time of onset diagnosis. In addition, the Zeugma score, a new formula that is thought to be more sensitive and specific, was determined. Noninvasive fibrosis scores were compared according to the biopsy results of the patients Results In this study, the area values under the curve were 0.648 for the API score, 0.711 for the APRI score, 0.716 for the FIB-4 score, 0.723 for the KING score, 0.595 for the FIBROQ score, and 0.701 for the Zeugma score (p<0.05). No statistically significant difference was obtained for the AAR score. The KING, FIB-4, APRI, and Zeugma scores were the best indicators for detecting advanced fibrosis. For KING, FIB-4, APRI, and Zeugma scores, the cutoff value for the prediction of advanced fibrosis were ≥8.67, ≥0.94, ≥16.24, and ≥9.63 with a sensitivity of 50.52%, 56.77%, 59.64%, and 52.34%, specificity of 87.26%, 74.96%, 73.61%, and 78.11%, respectively (p<0.05). In our study, we compared the globulin and GGT parameters with fibrosis, which we used in the Zeugma score formula. Globulin and GGT mean values were significantly higher in the fibrosis group (p<0.05). There was a statistically significant correlation between fibrosis and globulin and GGT values (p<0.05, r=0.230 and p<0.05, r=0.305, respectively). Conclusion The KING score was found to be the most reliable method for the noninvasive detection of hepatic fibrosis in patients with chronic HBV. The FIB-4, APRI, and Zeugma scores were also shown to be effective in determining liver fibrosis. It was shown that the AAR score was not sufficient for detecting hepatic fibrosis. The Zeugma score, a novel noninvasive test, is a useful and easy tool to evaluate liver fibrosis in patients with chronic HBV and has better accuracy than AAR, API, and FIBROQ.
Study of a growth instability of γ-In2Se3

γ-In2Se3 thin film are deposited for various substrate temperatures in the range of 523–673 K. This study shows that at 573 and 673 K the thin films are well crystallized with grains aligned along the c axis. Between these temperatures, a domain of instability appears where the γ-In2Se3 thin films have a randomly orientation and the c-lattice parameter increases. The presence of the metastable phase κ-In2Se3, during the growth, can explain the existence of this domain of instability. The insertion of Zn during the preparation process allows us to stabilize the phase κ at room temperature which confirms our hypothesis that the presence of κ-In2Se3 perturbs the crystallization of γ-In2Se3. The increase of the c-lattice parameter can be explain by the fact that κ-In2Se3 has a larger unit cell than γ-In2Se3 or by a competition during the growth between the grains of both phases which could generate constraints along the c axis. During the cooling, the κ phase disappears in favor of the γ phase.
Exact low-energy landscape and relaxation phenomena in ISING spin glasses

All ground states and low-lying excitations of a +/- I Ising spin glass model on a cubic 4 x 4 x 4 lattice with periodical boundary conditions were calculated using a method of combinatorical optimization. The structure of states in the phase space is enlightened by a representation by means of clusters in the configuration space and their connectivity. The relaxation behaviour of the system can be described by random walks in the high-dimensional phase space. Rewriting this task as an eigenvalue problem the influence of `entropic barriers' in comparison with an unstructured system can be studied, leading to a better understanding of the anomalous slow dynamic behaviour.
“Takeover” and “Activation” Effects of National Strategies for Industrial Relocation—Based on the Perspective of Marketisation of Land Elements

National Industrial Relocation Demonstration Zones (NIRDZs) are essential platforms for promoting regional economic restructuring and optimising inter-regional economic relations. Based on panel data of 287 prefecture-level cities in China and over 200,000 industrial land transactions from 2007–2019, this study conducts an empirical test using multi-temporal DID, propensity score matching, and instrumental variable methods to examine the relationship between NIRDZs and the marketisation of industrial land elements. The results show that the establishment of NIRDZs has a significant inhibitory effect on the market allocation of industrial land elements, and the conclusion still holds after a series of robustness tests. Further exploration reveals that the inhibiting effect of NIRDZs on the marketization of industrial land factors is the result of the combined effect of the takeover effect and activation effect of policies. The takeover effect of “promising government” has “low-end industry lock”, which inhibits the development of factor marketisation; the activation effect can stimulate the inner life of “effective market”, which can promote the marketisation of factors market-oriented allocation. The activation effect is to promote the market-based allocation of urban industrial land by activating three aspects: the level of market environment, the level of market operation, and the level of market access in the pilot cities. The analysis of the regulation effect shows that there is a vertical financial asymmetry and a vertical fiscal asymmetry in the inhibiting effect of NIRDZs on the market-oriented allocation of industrial land. Different levels of urban economic development also bring about different policy effects. This study broadens the understanding of heterogeneous development thinking and market-based management structures for industrial land elements in NIRDZs.
Complete chloroplast genome of Leptopus chinensis (Bunge) Pojark (Euphorbiaceae), a traditional Chinese herbal medicine

Abstract Leptopus chinensis (Bunge) Pojark is a medicinal herb endemic to China. In this study, its complete chloroplast (cp) genome was characterized with a discussion of its phylogenetic placement. The cp genome of L. chinensis was 154,600 bp long, with a double-stranded circular tetrad structure containing a small single-copy (SSC) region (17,717 bp), a large single-copy (LSC) region (83,159 bp), and a pair of inverted repeat (IR) regions (26,862 bp each). The overall GC content of the genome was 36.8% (LSC, 34.7%; SSC, 29.8%; IR, 42.3%). Phylogenetic analysis indicated that L. chinensis is a sister species to L. cordifolius.
Young Australian Adults Prefer Video Posts for Dissemination of Nutritional Information over the Social Media Platform Instagram: A Pilot Cross-Sectional Survey

Growing social media use in young adults may have applications in health promotion. This study aimed to determine the acceptability and feasibility of using Instagram to disseminate nutritional information to young Australians and assess the most preferred post style. A cross-sectional web-based pilot survey was conducted in 18–30-year-olds residing in New South Wales. Eight sets of mock Instagram posts were generated comprising three formats: (i) text/icon, (ii) realistic image, or (iii) video. Respondents (n = 108) were asked to review and rank posts from highest to lowest according to likelihood of engagement, visual preference, motivation to change eating behaviors, and relevancy of information. The Friedman test (Wilcoxon signed-rank test post hoc analysis with Bonferroni correction) was conducted to determine differences between the three post styles. Video style posts were more likely to be engaged with (p < 0.001), visually preferred (p < 0.001), more motivating to change eating behaviors (p < 0.001), and presented the most relevant food and nutrition knowledge (p < 0.001) compared with the other post styles. Most participants reported that Instagram was a suitable platform to share food and nutrition information (96%). The findings of this pilot study can be used to inform a large study that investigates the use of Instagram among a more diverse population and with a greater number of video posts tailored for audience segmentation.
Interpretation of the Relaxation Time for the Electrical Conductivity of Elemental Metals Using the Fluctuation Dissipation Theorem

We proposed in an earlier paper [arXiv:1108.6141] an empirical formula of the electrical conductivity which agrees with experiments within 20 percent for the most of pure elemental metals at room temperature ranges. This is obtained, in Drude formula, by replacing the electron density with the number density of atoms n(atom), and the electron effective mass with true electron mass multiplied by G. Here the relaxation time is assumed to be (h/2pi)/(kT) for all metals (h is the Planck constant and k is the Boltzmann constant). The single free parameter G is summed electron numbers in each atomic shell, e.g. G=5+1=6 for chromium(five 3d electrons and one 4s electron). In this paper, we find that the above relaxation time can be reproduced if the autocorrelation time of electron fluctuating velocity in a simple fluctuation dissipation theorem is converted to 2delta(energy)delta(time)/kT, and if this delta(energy)delta(time) is assumed equal to (h/2pi)/2 of the Heisenberg's minimum uncertainty. This corresponds to the closest approach, or head-on colliisions. Independent from this, we find that n(electron)=n(atom), is appropriate for the conductivity in most elemental metals. In discussing the 5th power temperature dependence of resistivity, we find that, besides the use of the Debye temperature unit, the temperature unit defined by the ion plasma frequency times (h/2pi)/k is equally acceptable. Here the ion plasma frequency is only depending on n(electron) unlike somewhat ambiguous Debye temperature.
Quasiharmonic versus exact surface free energies of Al: A systematic study employing a classical interatomic potential

We discuss a computationally efficient classical many-body potential designed to model the Al-Al interaction in a wide range of bonding geometries. We show that the potential yields results in excellent agreement with experiment and ab initio calculations for a number of bulk and surface properties, among others for surface and step formation energies, and self-diffusion barriers. As an application, free-energy calculations are performed for the Al ~100! surface by Monte Carlo thermodynamic integration and the quasiharmonic approximation. Comparison of the latter approximation with the reference Monte Carlo results provides information on its range of applicability to surface problems at high temperatures. @S0163-1829~99! 03831-X#
High-resolution remote sensing building extraction based on attention mechanism and DeepLabv3+

For the high-resolution remote sensing building image, the object shape is irregular and the texture characteristics are similar to those in the foreground and background. Meanwhile, traditional manual methods spend considerable time extracting features. In this paper, a Deeplabv3+ algorithm is modified and improved to better meet the accuracy, massive, and real-time requirements in semantic segmentation of high-resolution remote-sensing building objects. First of all, the lightweight network MobileNetv2 is implemented to replace Xception as the backbone to extract the network, so as to reduce the number of network parameters and improve the training speed. Secondly, ASPP (Atrus Spatial Pyramid Pooling) obtains the depth effective feature layer and integrates three parallel channel attention mechanisms to improve the extraction effect of depth features. The newly proposed algorithm is tested on the Massachusetts dataset. The results show that the IOU and accuracy of evaluation indicators are increased by 8.31% and 2.11%, respectively, compared with the original Deeplabv3+ model. While reducing the number of model parameters and training time, the segmentation effect of the new algorithm has also been partially optimized.
Adolescent fluoxetine exposure increases ERK-related signaling within the prefrontal cortex of adult male Sprague-Dawley rats

Abstract There has been a disproportionate increase in fluoxetine (FLX) prescription rates within the juvenile population. Thus, we evaluated how adolescent FLX exposure alters expression/phosphorylation of proteins from the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-1/2 cascade within the adult prefrontal cortex (PFC). Male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to FLX (20 mg/kg) for 15 consecutive days [postnatal day (PD) 35–49]. At PD70 (adulthood), we examined protein markers for ERK1/2, ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). FLX-pretreatment decreased body weight, while increasing PFC phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and RSK, as well as total mTOR protein expression in adulthood. We provide first-line evidence that juvenile FLX pretreatment induces long-term decreases in body weight gain, along with neurobiological changes in the adult PFC—highlighting that early life antidepressant exposure increases ERK-related signaling markers in later life.
Integration of Artificial Intelligence Into Sociotechnical Work Systems—Effects of Artificial Intelligence Solutions in Medical Imaging on Clinical Efficiency: Protocol for a Systematic Literature Review

Background When introducing artificial intelligence (AI) into clinical care, one of the main objectives is to improve workflow efficiency because AI-based solutions are expected to take over or support routine tasks. Objective This study sought to synthesize the current knowledge base on how the use of AI technologies for medical imaging affects efficiency and what facilitators or barriers moderating the impact of AI implementation have been reported. Methods In this systematic literature review, comprehensive literature searches will be performed in relevant electronic databases, including PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Science, IEEE Xplore, and CENTRAL. Studies in English and German published from 2000 onwards will be included. The following inclusion criteria will be applied: empirical studies targeting the workflow integration or adoption of AI-based software in medical imaging used for diagnostic purposes in a health care setting. The efficiency outcomes of interest include workflow adaptation, time to complete tasks, and workload. Two reviewers will independently screen all retrieved records, full-text articles, and extract data. The study’s methodological quality will be appraised using suitable tools. The findings will be described qualitatively, and a meta-analysis will be performed, if possible. Furthermore, a narrative synthesis approach that focuses on work system factors affecting the integration of AI technologies reported in eligible studies will be adopted. Results This review is anticipated to begin in September 2022 and will be completed in April 2023. Conclusions This systematic review and synthesis aims to summarize the existing knowledge on efficiency improvements in medical imaging through the integration of AI into clinical workflows. Moreover, it will extract the facilitators and barriers of the AI implementation process in clinical care settings. Therefore, our findings have implications for future clinical implementation processes of AI-based solutions, with a particular focus on diagnostic procedures. This review is additionally expected to identify research gaps regarding the focus on seamless workflow integration of novel technologies in clinical settings. Trial Registration PROSPERO CRD42022303439; https://www.crd. york.ac. uk/prospero/display_record. php? RecordID=303439 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/40485
The Differences in Risk Perception between Practitioners in the Non-Coal-Mining Industry: Miners, Managers and Experts

Non-coal-mining accidents occur frequently in China, and individual unsafe behaviors are the direct cause. The cognitive diversity of practitioners in the non-coal-mining industry leads to various behaviors in work and hinders communication between groups. The aim of this study is to analyze the differences in risk perception (accidents and occupational diseases) between non-coal-mining practitioners (experts, miners, and managers) and to explore the contributing factors. The questionnaire survey method was used to collect the data on risk perception and influencing factors from 402 respondents working in non-coal mines and universities in China. Project analysis and exploratory factor analysis were used for preprocessing. A t-test and linear regression analysis were used to test the significance of the differences and assess the function of the factors, respectively. Regarding risk perception, two risks both have significant differences between the three groups. With the perceptions of accidents and occupational diseases ranked from high to low, the order of the practitioners is as follows: managers (3.88), experts (3.71), miners (3.55) and experts (4.14), miners (3.90), and managers (3.88). Regarding the influencing factors, risk attitude, risk communication, educational level, enterprise trust, and occupational satisfaction have great effects on the three groups. More precisely, three groups have different important predictors. Risk attitude has the greatest impact on miners (0.290) and experts (0.369), but sensibility preference has the greatest impact on managers (0.518). In summary, cognitive discrepancies are common among non-coal-mining practitioners, but the degree of deviation varies with the type and dimension of the risk. There are six factors that have a significant impact on all practitioners, but the effect is limited by specific risks and groups.
‘You’re having us on … that’s what it felt like.’: Frontline Workers Navigating the Introduction of Moral Commitments to Domestic Abuse Support within a Statutory Homelessness System

That domestic abuse is a human rights infringement has become recognised at policy, practice, and legislative level globally. Homelessness services are critical in averting and mitigating harm to those who have experienced domestic abuse. The British homelessness system achieves this, in part, through offering a legal right to housing in some circumstances. The Housing (Wales) Act 2014 integrates a human-rights based understanding of domestic abuse yet reduces legal rights to assistance. Based on analysis of interviews with fifty-two homelessness workers and twenty-four applicants I argue that moral commitments cannot compensate for legal rights; rather, they deresponsibilise homelessness services for addressing domestic abuse. I show (1) that workers saw cases where homelessness arose from domestic abuse as functionally beyond the remit of homelessness services (2) that empowered women were understood as undeserving by the system and (3) that workers saw domestic abuse cases as a broad and undefined threat to resources.
Role of estrogen in women's Alzheimer's disease risk as modified by APOE

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by numerous sexual dimorphisms that impact the development, progression, and probably the strategies to prevent and treat the most common form of dementia. In this review, we consider this topic from a female perspective with a specific focus on how women's vulnerability to the disease is affected by the individual and interactive effects of estrogens and apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype. Importantly, APOE appears to modulate systemic and neural outcomes of both menopause and estrogen‐based hormone therapy. In the brain, dementia risk is greater in APOE4 carriers, and the impacts of hormone therapy on cognitive decline and dementia risk vary according to both outcome measure and APOE genotype. Beyond the CNS, estrogen and APOE genotype affect vulnerability to menopause‐associated bone loss, dyslipidemia and cardiovascular disease risk. An emerging concept that may link these relationships is the possibility that the effects of APOE in women interact with estrogen status by mechanisms that may include modulation of estrogen responsiveness. This review highlights the need to consider the key AD risk factors of advancing age in a sex‐specific manner to optimize development of therapeutic approaches for AD, a view aligned with the principle of personalized medicine.
Intrinsic Bounds and False Discovery Rate Control in Multiple Testing Problems

When testing a large number of independent hypotheses, three different questions are of interest: are some hypotheses true alternatives? How many of them? Which of them? These questions give rise to a detection, an estimation, and a selection problem. Recent work demonstrates the existence of intrinsic bounds in these problems: detection and estimation boundaries in sparse location models, and criticality for the selection problem. We study consequences of such limitations in terms of power of False Discovery Rate (FDR) controlling procedures. FDR is the expected False Discovery Proportion (FDP), that is, the expected proportion of false rejections among all rejected hypotheses. For the selection problem, we illustrate the connection between criticality and the regularity of the distribution of the test statistics, and discuss expected and observed consequences of criticality in terms of power of FDR controlling procedures, on both simulated and real data. For the problem of estimating the fraction of true null hypotheses, we make explicit connections between the parameters of the multiple testing problem and consistency and convergence rates of a broad class of non-parametric estimators, and prove that these convergence rates determine that of the FDP achieved by "plug-in" multiple testing procedures, which are incorporating such an estimator in order to yield tighter FDR control.
Gadolinium Iron Garnet as a Solid State Material for an Electron Electric Dipole Moment Search

The possibility of a solid state electron electric dipole moment (EDM) experiment based on Gadolinium Iron Garnet (GdIG) is investigated. GdIG appears to exhibit superparamagnetism and this effect can be used to enhance the electric-field-induced EDM signal at relatively a high temperatures, as compared to a simple paramagnetic system such as Gadolinium Gallium Garnet. The sensitivity of a GdIG based experiment might be large enough that an improvement by over three orders of magnitude, compared to the existing electron EDM limit, could be obtained at a modest temperature of 4 K, assuming that the superparamagnetic effect is not suppressed at this temperature, and that the spin relaxation time remains sufficiently rapid.