Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intelligent air defense task assignment based on hierarchical reinforcement learning

Modern air defense battlefield situations are complex and varied, requiring high-speed computing capabilities and real-time situational processing for task assignment. Current methods struggle to balance the quality and speed of assignment strategies. This paper proposes a hierarchical reinforcement learning architecture for ground-to-air confrontation (HRL-GC) and an algorithm combining model predictive control with proximal policy optimization (MPC-PPO), which effectively combines the advantages of centralized and distributed approaches. To improve training efficiency while ensuring the quality of the final decision. In a large-scale area air defense scenario, this paper validates the effectiveness and superiority of the HRL-GC architecture and MPC-PPO algorithm, proving that the method can meet the needs of large-scale air defense task assignment in terms of quality and speed.
An update on the genetics of alcoholic liver disease

Worldwide, an estimated 2 billion individuals consume alcohol, which contributes to short-term or long-term consequences on health and social life. Alcohol is the cause of approximately 1.8 million deaths per year, representing 3.2% of all deaths worldwide. Of the 2 billion individuals who consume alcohol, more than 75 million are diagnosed with alcohol-use disorder (AUD) and are at an enhanced risk of developing alcoholic liver disease (ALD). However, not all individuals who consume alcohol develop liver disease suggesting the intricate interactions of host genetics with the environment in the precipitation of the phenotype. With advances in genomic technologies, it is now possible to sequence clinically relevant genomic loci associated with a phenotype with precision and faster turnaround times. Genomic data in the form of variants may be used to predict susceptibility to a phenotype in an unaffected individual or may assist the clinician in predicting the outcomes after the onset of the disease. Both of these are crucial as the former would aid in reducing the future burden of the disease, and the latter would help identify and treat individuals at risk of severe liver disease. In the current review, we summarize the pathogenic mechanisms of ALD and discuss the variants identified to date that may aid in predicting alcohol dependence and the development of cirrhosis in individuals with AUD.
A steroid receptor coactivator small molecule “stimulator” attenuates post-stroke ischemic brain injury

Introduction: Pathologic remodeling of the brain following ischemic stroke results in neuronal loss, increased inflammation, oxidative stress, astrogliosis, and a progressive decrease in brain function. We recently demonstrated that stimulation of steroid receptor coactivator 3 with the small-molecule stimulator MCB-613 improves cardiac function in a mouse model of myocardial ischemia. Since steroid receptor coactivators are ubiquitously expressed in the brain, we reasoned that an MCB-613 derivative (MCB-10-1), could protect the brain following ischemic injury. To test this, we administered MCB-10-1 to rats following middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion. Methods: Neurologic impairment and tissue damage responses were evaluated on day 1 and day 4 following injury in rats treated with control or 10-1. Results: We show that 10-1 attenuates injury post-stroke. 10-1 decreases infarct size and mitigates neurologic impairment. When given within 30 min post middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion, 10-1 induces lasting protection from tissue damage in the ischemic penumbra concomitant with: (1) promotion of reparative microglia; (2) an increase in astrocyte NRF2 and GLT-1 expression; (3) early microglia activation; and (4) attenuation of astrogliosis. Discussion: Steroid receptor coactivator stimulation with MCB-10-1 is a potential therapeutic strategy for reducing inflammation and oxidative damage that cause neurologic impairment following an acute ischemic stroke.
The impact on the scientific community of the 2018 addendum to the CHCC

COPYRIGHT © 2022 Caproni, Calabria, Mariotti, Verdelli, Aimo, Corrà, Quintarelli, Volpi, Alpsoy and Sunderkötter. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. The impact on the scientific community of the 2018 addendum to the CHCC
Modulatory effect of camel milk on intestinal microbiota of mice with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common metabolic disease of life, usually caused by unhealthy diet and lifestyle. Compared to normal individuals, the structure of the intestinal flora of NAFLD patients is altered accordingly. This study investigates the effect of camel milk on the regulation of intestinal flora structure in mice with high-fat diet-induced NAFLD. NAFLD model was established by feeding C57BL/6J mice a high-fat diet for 12 weeks, meanwhile camel milk (3.0 g/kg/d), cow milk (3.0 g/kg/d), and silymarin (200 mg/kg/d) were administered by gavage, respectively. Food intake and changes of physiological indexes in mice were observed and recorded. The 16S rRNA gene V3-V4 region was sequenced and the intestinal flora diversity and gene function were predicted in the colon contents of mice from different group. The results showed that camel milk enhanced glucolipid metabolism by downregulate the levels of blood glucose and triglyceride (TG) in serum, reduced lipid accumulation by downregulate the level of TG in the liver and improved liver tissue structure in NAFLD mice (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, camel milk had a positive modulatory effect on the intestinal flora of NAFLD mice, increasing the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria and decreasing the relative abundance of harmful bacteria in the intestinal flora of NAFLD mice, and silymarin had a similar modulatory effect. At the genus level, camel milk increased the relative abundance of Bacteroides, norank_f_Muribaculaceae and Alloprevotella and decreased the relative abundance of Dubosiella and Coriobacteriaceae_UCG-002 (p < 0.05). Camel milk also enhanced Carbohydrate metabolism, Amino acid metabolism, Energy metabolism, Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins and Lipid metabolism in NAFLD mice, thus reducing the degree of hepatic lipid accumulation in NAFLD mice and maintaining the normal structure of the liver. In conclusion, camel milk can improve the structure and diversity of intestinal flora and enhance the levels of substance and energy metabolism in NAFLD mice, which has a positive effect on alleviating NAFLD and improving the structure of intestinal flora.
Population structure and genetic diversity in wild dotted gizzard shad (Konosirus punctatus) revealed by microsatellite markers

Uncovering the fine-scale genetic structure has been long recognized as a key component in policymaking for the management of marine fisheries. Many species of Clupeiformes have suffered declines owing to overexploitation and habitat destruction. In this study, twenty polymorphic microsatellite markers were used to evaluate the genetic diversity and population structure of Konosirus punctatus, a pelagic fish of economic and ecological importance in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean. Although most of the variance occurred within individuals, significant differentiation (FST = 0.00384~0.19346) was shown in wild K. punctatus populations. Population structure analyses revealed five genetically divergent clades in K. punctatus in the Northwestern Pacific. Significant isolation by distance and one potentially outlier locus were revealed in K. punctatus, suggesting that interactions between historical climate shifts and environmental factors may contribute to the present-day genetic architecture. In summary, these results provided new perspectives on the population genetic structure of K. punctatus, facilitating the development of effective management strategies for this species.
Identification of two quantitative genes controlling soybean flowering using bulked-segregant analysis and genetic mapping

Photoperiod responsiveness is important to soybean production potential and adaptation to local environments. Varieties from temperate regions generally mature early and exhibit extremely low yield when grown under inductive short-day (SD) conditions. The long-juvenile (LJ) trait is essentially a reduction and has been introduced into soybean cultivars to improve yield in tropical environments. In this study, we used next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based bulked segregant analysis (BSA) to simultaneously map qualitative genes controlling the LJ trait in soybean. We identified two genomic regions on scaffold_32 and chromosome 18 harboring loci LJ32 and LJ18, respectively. Further, we identified LJ32 on the 228.7-kb scaffold_32 as the soybean pseudo-response-regulator gene Tof11 and LJ18 on a 301-kb region of chromosome 18 as a novel PROTEIN FLOWERING LOCUS T-RELATED gene, Glyma.18G298800. Natural variants of both genes contribute to LJ trait regulation in tropical regions. The molecular identification and functional characterization of Tof11 and LJ18 will enhance understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the LJ trait and provide useful genetic resources for soybean molecular breeding in tropical regions.
En bloc resection of huge primary tumors with epidural involvement in the mobile spine using the “rotation–reversion” technique: Feasibility, safety, and clinical outcome of 11 cases

Background En bloc resection of spinal tumors provides better local control and survival outcomes than intralesional resection. Safe margins during en bloc resection of primary spinal tumors with epidural involvement are required for improved outcomes. The present study describes a “rotation–reversion” technique that has been used for en bloc resection of huge primary tumors in the mobile spine with epidural involvement and reported the clinical outcomes in these patients. Methods All patients with primary spinal tumors who were treated with the rotation–reversion technique at our institution between 2015 and 2021 were evaluated retrospectively. Of the patients identified, those with both huge extraosseous soft-tissue masses and epidural involvement were selected for a case review. Clinical and radiological characteristics, pathologic findings, operative procedures, complications, and oncological and functional outcomes of these patients were reviewed. Results Of the 86 patients identified with primary spinal tumors who underwent en bloc resection using the rotation–reversion technique between 2015 and 2021, 11 had huge extraosseous soft-tissue masses with epidural involvement in the mobile spine. The average maximum size of these 11 tumors was 8.1 × 7.5 × 9.7 cm. Median follow-up time was 28.1 months, mean operation time was 849.1 min (range 465–1,340 min), and mean blood loss was 6,972.7 ml (range 2,500–17,700 ml), with 10 (91%) of the 11 patients experiencing perioperative complications. The negative margin rate was 91%, with only one patient (9%) experiencing local recurrence. Ten patients were able to walk normally or with a crutch at the last follow-up, whereas one was completely paralyzed preoperatively. Conclusion The rotation–reversion technique is an effective procedure for the en bloc resection of huge primary spinal tumors, with the extension of invasion in selected patients including not only the vertebral body but also the pedicle and part of the posterior arch.
Stem-and-Leaf Plots in the Primary Grades

Summary At first glance, the thought of primary children working with stem-and-leaf plots might seem a radical idea, since such representations are often associated with secondary school. The purpose of this paper is to show how young children can use such representations as a major tool in their educational development. However, before discussing this particular statistical technique, an overview of the role of statistics in the primary programme is included.
Sustainability Reporting and Management Control System: A Structured Literature Review

The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the management accounting literature by reviewing how previous studies conceptualised the relationship between sustainability reporting and management control systems, analysing the main themes and discussing potential future developments of the sustainability reporting and management control systems (SRMCS) research agenda. This study builds on the structured literature review method by categorising and synthesising 15 years of research into the topic “sustainability reporting and management control”. Approximately 500 relevant articles were identified in the first round of searching Google Scholar and Scopus with the selected keywords, but after filtering and manual assessment, 45 articles were selected for the full review. Coding reliability was maintained with the K-alpha test. Our findings divulge that the researcher looks at the management control and the sustainability reporting agenda with just one eye. They either focus on management control or sustainability reporting. Very little research focuses on relationships. In addition, from the methodological point of view, we found that qualitative case studies and interviews dominate the field, together with commentary papers. We proposed a framework showing a complex and multifaceted relationship (a spider diagram) to conceptualise the synthesis of the literature. This framework is intended as a blueprint for the relationship between sustainability reporting and management control in order to design and redesign a company’s internal strategies on management control systems (MCS).
A Study of User Concerns about Smartphone Privacy

The widespread adoption of mobile devices, including smartphones, wearables, and the Internet of Things, fostered the potential for data collection and online sharing on a large scale. End users are enthusiastic about the opportunities to share information about their daily activities with their peers using novel devices. Still, there is a growing concern about their privacy. To devise privacy-enhancing technologies that meet users' needs, a better understanding of users' concerns and practices is needed. For that, we applied an online survey to 1,000 participants. We analyze their responses and in this paper we discuss the end users' perspective on mobile privacy, further eliciting the gaps of the Privacy Paradox. The results show that although users state privacy concerns, they do not always act to protect their privacy in mobile apps. Certain privacy actions tend to be more often considered by users. Specific sensors, applications, and data are more correlated with privacy concerns. The results indicate that users have significant concerns about privacy control and information leakage. The senior group (61+) is the group that needs the most help compared to the younger groups. Also, there is a gap between stated concerns and users' actions, and that novel solutions for privacy-enhancing technologies need yet to be developed to ensure that users understand, consider and use those.
Operation and control of Soft Switching Solid State Transformer as a Virtual Synchronous Machine for Photovoltaic application

Possibility for control and operation of a three-phase solid state soft switching transformer based as a virtual synchronous machine or synchronverter has been investigated in this paper. The soft switching solid state transformer is used as an interface between the ac grid and a photovoltaic power generation unit supported by a battery bank. The control architecture investigated in this paper is that of a synchronverter to achieve inertial support to the grid and local loads. The operation of the soft switching solid state transformer has also been investigated as a V S M during unbalanced/distorted grid voltage condition. Control objective to achieve oscillation free power transfer between the ports (photovoltaic, battery and grid) has been achieved. The presented architecture has been verified for several important case studies via numerical simulations based on MATLAB/Simulink domain.
A Robust Square Root Unscented Kalman Filter For Power System Dynamic State Estimation

The unscented Kalman filter (UKF) has been widely used in power system dynamic state estimation (DSE), which provides a guarantee for the establishment of a high-quality database to store power network information. However, traditional UKF faces two main problems. First, the performance of traditional UKF will deteriorate due to the interference of non-Gaussian noise. Second, the traditional UKF estimator will be interrupted owing to the Cholesky decomposition of asymmetric positive definite matrix. To deal with these problems, this paper develops a square root UKF based on minimum error entropy with fiducial points (MEEF) criterion (SR-MEEF-UKF). The MEEF criterion inherits the common advantages of correntropy and error entropy, exhibiting robustness to outliers. At the same time, the kernel matrix in SR-MEEF-UKF is non-singular. Through performing DSE in the IEEE-14 bus system, the proposed SR-MEEF-UKF not only has excellent performance in non-Gaussian noise environments, but also has strong numerical stability.
A Multi-Stack Variable Stiffness Magnetic Torsion Spring for a Wave Energy Converter

This paper presents the design of a multi-stack high torque adjustable stiffness torsional magnetic spring for use in a wave energy converter. The torsional magnetic spring has $\mathrm{a}\pm 45^{\circ}$ linear stroke length with peak torque of 823 $\mathrm{N}\cdot \mathrm{m}$ A 3-D magnetostatic finite element analysis parameter sizing sweeping analysis was performed and the peak energy density for the selected torsion spring was computed to be 12.6 J/kg. The required torque was increased by using a unique seven-stage multi-stacking design. The stiffness of magnetic torsion spring is adjusted through the axial translation of the inner rotor. The presented design is shown to be capable of providing both positive and negative stiffness with equal characteristics and has a very high degree of linearity. The experimental prototype assembly and test-setup used to verify the torsional spring performance is presented.
Correlogram Analyses of Seismograms by Means of a Simple Automatic Computer.

pose of analysing seismograms. Seismograms of about one hundred near earthquakes recorded at the Central Meteorological Observatory in Tokyo and at the Mizusawa Latitude Observatory were used for the analyses. Each seismogram was divided into several portions, and within each portion, the dependence of the prodominant period of seismic waves upon the magnitude of the earthquakes and upon the crustal structure of the wave path were studied.
CPW-Fed LTCC Based Broadband Microstrip Antenna for Millimeter-Wave Applications at 60 GHz

In this paper, a new design of a low-profile and multilayer broadband microstrip antenna is proposed for millimeter-wave applications at 60 GHz. The antenna is a metamaterial inspired structure that consists of a non-uniform octagon shape radiating element on the top of six layers of substrate and a periodic structure at the second layer. The proposed antenna geometry is designed using Low Temperature Co-Fired Ceramic (LTCC) technology for 3D multilayer vertical integration. This antenna achieves 24.16 % of bandwidth ranging from 55.5 GHz to 70 GHz, with a peak gain of 5.1 dBi at 60 GHz. HFSS is used for design and simulation of this LTCC based broadband antenna. Three prototypes are fabricated for measurement and a good agreement of numerical and practical results is obtained which makes this antenna very attractive for the use in future wireless communication systems.
Study son Short-Circuit Failure Model of GaN/SiC Cascode Devices

A Cascode Junction Field Effect Transistor (JFET) is a combination structure that uses a low-voltage MOSFET as an auxiliary switch to convert a high-voltage normally-on JFET into a normally-off device. In this paper, a failure circuit model of GaN/SiC Cascode with a new structure is established, and the failure mechanism of GaN/SiC Cascode under short-circuit conditions is discussed. The failure model introduces additional leakage current based on the traditional circuit model. Among them, GaN HEMT introduces leakage current at the gate and drain levels, and SiC JFET introduces leakage current at the drain and source levels. At the same time, in GaN HEMT, the relationship between drain-source voltage and failure is explored, and in SiC JFET, the relationship between temperature and failure is explored. Finally, the accuracy of the established GaN/SiC Cascode model is verified by switching circuit and short circuit experiments.
A Novel Electric Field Coupling Differential Probe with Low Intrusion

Driven by the demand for higher efficiency, wide bandgap devices represented by silicon carbide metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (SiC MOSFETs) are utilizing in the power electronic converters. As an important means to obtain switching voltage information of high-side device in a half-bridge configuration, differential probes used for floating voltage measurement are presented with new challenges, such as high bandwidth and low intrusion. In this paper, the effect of non-ideal connection between the probe and the DUT is analyzed with the aim to reveal the intrusion of voltage probes. Then, a detailed explanation about the development of an electric field coupling differential voltage probe with a bandwidth of up to 270 MHz and an input capacitance of 1.8 pF is given. The probe made of a four-layer printed circuit board (PCB) has millimeter-level volume and low cost, which makes it promising in power electronics with high power density. Finally, the performance of the proposed probe is verified by simulation analysis and double pulse test.