Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ситуационно-ориентированные базы данных: концепция управления XML-данными на основе динамических DOM-объектов

Valeriy V. Mironov, Artem S. Gusarenko Considered management of XML-data associated with the states in the dynamic model of situationallyoriented databases. Suggests the concept of dynamic DOM-objects are automatically generated, downloaded, destroyed in the process of changing the current state of the dynamic model. Proposed a means of dynamic assignment DOM-objects using DOM-elements associated with the states of the dynamic model. Discussed specification of loads and unloads the contents of XML-DOM-objects with by means of special elements - the sources and receivers of data specified by dynamic model. Disassembled interesting example situationally-oriented databases for Web applications.
Well-defined synthesis of poly(2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline)-based copolymer for delivery of doxorubicin by multi-sensitive nano-micelle

Abstract Preparation of a di-block copolymer was investigated by changing the synthetic condition and utilization of 2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline (PiPrOx) as a hydrophilic part and polycaprolactone (PCL) as a hydrophobic segment via ring-opening polymerization (ROP). The copolymer chains were functionalized with hydrazine to be chemically bonded to doxorubicin (DOX, as a hydrophobic drug model) and generating pH-sensitive moiety for the copolymer. The cystamine was crafted as the glutathione-responsiveness counterpart and the poly(2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline) linkage plays a thermal sensitivity role. According to the worthwhile findings of the research, the synthesized nanomicelle can be suggested as a potential candidate for controlled fashion drug delivery systems. Graphical Abstract Illustration of self-assembly and drug entrapment of the triple-stimuli block copolymer for sustained DOX-delivery
Statistical Theory: A Concise Introduction

Introduction Preamble Likelihood Sufficiency Minimal sufficiency Completeness Exponential family of distributions Point Estimation Introduction Maximum likelihood estimation Method of moments Method of least squares Goodness-of-estimation. Mean squared error. Unbiased estimation Confidence Intervals, Bounds, and Regions Introduction Quoting the estimation error Confidence intervals Confidence bounds Confidence regions Hypothesis Testing Introduction Simple hypotheses Composite hypotheses Hypothesis testing and confidence intervals Sequential testing Asymptotic Analysis Introduction Convergence and consistency in MSE Convergence and consistency in probability Convergence in distribution The central limit theorem Asymptotically normal consistency Asymptotic confidence intervals Asymptotic normality of the MLE Multiparameter case Asymptotic distribution of the GLRT. Wilks' theorem. Bayesian Inference Introduction Choice of priors Point estimation Interval estimation. Credible sets. Hypothesis testing Elements of Statistical Decision Theory Introduction and notations Risk function and admissibility Minimax risk and minimax rules Bayes risk and Bayes rules Posterior expected loss and Bayes actions Admissibility and minimaxity of Bayes rules Linear Models Introduction Definition and examples Estimation of regression coefficients Residuals. Estimation of the variance. Examples Goodness-of-fit. Multiple correlation coefficient. Confidence intervals and regions for the coefficients Hypothesis testing in linear models Predictions Analysis of variance Appendix A: Probabilistic Review Appendix B: Solutions of Selected Exercises Index Exercises appear at the end of each chapter.
Drag force in granular shear flows: regimes, scaling laws and implications for segregation

Abstract The drag force on a spherical intruder in dense granular shear flows is studied using discrete element method simulations. Three regimes of the intruder dynamics are observed depending on the magnitude of the drag force (or the corresponding intruder velocity) and the flow inertial number: a fluctuation-dominated regime for small drag forces; a viscous regime for intermediate drag forces; and an inertial (cavity formation) regime for large drag forces. The transition from the viscous regime (linear force-velocity relation) to the inertial regime (quadratic force-velocity relation) depends further on the inertial number. Despite these distinct intruder dynamics, we find a quantitative similarity between the intruder drag in granular shear flows and the Stokesian drag on a sphere in a viscous fluid for intruder Reynolds numbers spanning five orders of magnitude. Beyond this first-order description, a modified Stokes drag model is developed that accounts for the secondary dependence of the drag coefficient on the inertial number and the intruder size and density ratios. When the drag model is coupled with a segregation force model for intruders in dense granular flows, it is possible to predict the velocity of gravity-driven segregation of an intruder particle in shear flow simulations.
Scaling of small-scale wall turbulence

Abstract In the vicinity of walls, turbulence is anisotropic. Since the classical hypotheses of Kolmogorov (Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, vol. 30, 1941, pp. 299–303), Obukhov (Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR Geogr. Geofiz, vol. 13, 1949, pp. 58–69) and Corrsin (J. Appl. Phys., vol. 22, 1951, pp. 469–473) require small-scale turbulence to be isotropic, they have only limited relevance to wall-bounded turbulent flows. Here, we put forward a hypothesis whereby small-scale near-wall statistics, when suitably normalized, are independent of the type of flow as well as of the Reynolds and Péclet numbers. The relatively large amount of available wall turbulence direct numerical simulations data, related mainly to second-order statistics, in a channel flow and a boundary layer provides good support for the independence with respect to the Reynolds number. To fully validate the hypothesis, more data are required for higher-order statistics as well as for other wall flows and for different surface conditions.
How to partition or count an abstract simplicial complex, given its facets

Given are the facets of an abstract (finite) simplicial complex SC. We show how to partition SC into few pieces, each one compactly encoded by the use of wildcards. Such a representation is useful for the optimization of a target function SC -> Z, as well as in combinatorial commutative algebra and Frequent Set Mining. Merely calculating the face-numbers of SC can be done faster than partitioning SC. Our method compares favorably to inclusion-exclusion and binary decision diagram
Expression of ADAM12 in Gastric Cancer and its Relation to Tumor Cell Behavior and Prognosis

Abstract Background/Aim: A disintegrin and metalloprotease (ADAM) 12 expression has been found up-regulated in various cancer types. The aim of the study was to evaluate whether ADAM12 affects oncogenic behavior of gastric cancer (GC) cells and investigate its prognostic value. Materials and Methods: The effect of ADAM12 on tumor cell behavior was examined using the small interfering RNA and pcDNA6-myc vector in human GC cell lines. Expression of ADAM12 in GC tissues was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Apoptosis and proliferation were determined by a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling assay and immunohistochemical staining for Ki-67. Results: ADAM12 overexpression enhanced tumor cell migration and invasion in AGS and SNU638 cells. Down-regulation of caspase-3 and PARP activity due to ADAM12 overexpression enhanced tumor cell proliferation and inhibited apoptosis. The expression of Snail and Vimentin increased and that of E-cadherin decreased following ADAM12 overexpression. In contrast, ADAM12 knockdown reversed these effects. ADAM12 overexpression increased the phosphorylation of Akt and GSK-3β. The mean Ki-67 labeling index value of ADAM12-positive tumors was significantly higher compared to that of ADAM12-negative tumors. ADAM12 expression was associated with age, tumor size, cancer stage, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, and poor survival. Conclusion: ADAM12 enhances tumor progression by increasing cell mobility, enhancing cell proliferation, and inhibiting apoptosis in GC cells. Also, ADAM12 is associated with adverse clinicopathological features and poor survival. It may be used as a molecular marker for the prediction of clinical outcomes of patients with GC.
Artificial sweeteners and risk of cardiovascular diseases in the prospective NutriNet-Santé cohort

Abstract Objectives To study the associations between artificial sweeteners from all dietary sources (beverages, but also table top sweeteners, dairy products, etc), overall and by molecule (aspartame, acesulfame potassium, and sucralose), and risk of cardiovascular diseases (overall, coronary heart disease, and cerebrovascular disease). Design Population based prospective cohort study (2009-21). Setting France, primary prevention research. Participants 103 388 participants of the web based NutriNet-Santé cohort (mean age 42.2±14.4, 79.8% female, 904 206 person years). Dietary intakes and consumption of artificial sweeteners were assessed by repeated 24 h dietary records, including brand names of industrial products. Main outcomes measures Associations between sweeteners (coded as a continuous variable, log10 transformed) and cardiovascular disease risk, assessed by multivariable adjusted Cox hazard models. Results Total artificial sweetener intake was associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (1502 events, hazard ratio 1.09, 95% confidence interval 1.01 to 1.18, P=0.03); absolute incidence rate in higher consumers (above the sex specific median) and non-consumers was 346 and 314 per 100 000 person years, respectively. Artificial sweeteners were more particularly associated with cerebrovascular disease risk (777 events, 1.18, 1.06 to 1.31, P=0.002; incidence rates 195 and 150 per 100 000 person years in higher and non-consumers, respectively). Aspartame intake was associated with increased risk of cerebrovascular events (1.17, 1.03 to 1.33, P=0.02; incidence rates 186 and 151 per 100 000 person years in higher and non-consumers, respectively), and acesulfame potassium and sucralose were associated with increased coronary heart disease risk (730 events; acesulfame potassium: 1.40, 1.06 to 1.84, P=0.02; incidence rates 167 and 164; sucralose: 1.31, 1.00 to 1.71, P=0.05; incidence rates 271 and 161). Conclusions The findings from this large scale prospective cohort study suggest a potential direct association between higher artificial sweetener consumption (especially aspartame, acesulfame potassium, and sucralose) and increased cardiovascular disease risk. Artificial sweeteners are present in thousands of food and beverage brands worldwide, however they remain a controversial topic and are currently being re-evaluated by the European Food Safety Authority, the World Health Organization, and other health agencies. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03335644
Riemannian Optimization Algorithms and Their Applications to Numerical Linear Algebra

Preface Optimization is minimization or maximization of a given real-valued function with or without some constraints on its independent variables. For optimization problems with continuous variables, a possible way to solve such an optimization problem is to generate a sequence which approaches a solution in the search space. In the case of linear programming , one thinks of interior point methods instead of the simplex method. From a viewpoint of numerical computation, it is preferable that the search space is endowed with coordinate systems. This suggests that continuous optimization problems should be dealt with on manifolds. One of the simplest examples of manifolds is the Euclidean space, which is a vector space endowed with an inner product and can be covered with only one coordinate system. A number of researches on optimization methods on the Euclidean space have been done. Methods for solving unconstrained optimization problems on the Euclidean space, which include the steepest descent, Newton's, and the conjugate gradient methods, exploit natural geometrical objects such as straight lines, the Euclidean gradient of the objective function, and so on. These methods are called unconstrained optimization methods. However, if unconstrained optimization methods are applied to problems with constraints , they may fail to solve the problems by generating sequences subject to the constraints , since the constraints are not taken into account in the procedure of such methods for generating sequences. It is to be noted that the Euclidean space is the simplest example of a manifold. In particular, constraints resulting from problems in numerical linear algebra naturally define submanifolds of the Euclidean space, which are endowed with respective induced metrics. In order to generalize optimization methods so as to be effective on manifolds, the manifolds should be taken as Riemannian manifolds, since geometric objects such as straight line and the gradient are easily extended on Riemannian mani-folds. Beyond Euclidean optimization, this thesis studies several topics of Riemannian optimization , where the adjective " Riemannian " stems from Riemannian geometry, which is the differential geometry of smooth manifolds with Riemannian metric. If an optimization problem is subject to some constraints in the Euclidean space and if the search space of the problem forms a Riemannian manifold, it is natural to employ the Riemannian version of unconstrained optimization methods, which are generalizations of Euclidean unconstrained methods. Furthermore, once a Riemannian optimization method has been developed for a general Riemannian optimization problem, the …
The construction of ALE spaces as hyper-Kähler quotients

On decrit la construction d'une famille particuliere de 4-varietes hyper-Kahler: les espaces asymptotiquement localement euclidiens ALE. On decrit une 4-variete de Riemann avec juste une extremite qui a l'infini ressemble au quotient R 4 /Γ de l'espace euclidien R 4 par un groupe fini Γ d'identifications
Life History and Population Parameters of Arimania komaroffi Ragonot (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on Different Pistachio Cultivars

ABSTRACT. Pistachio fruit hull borer, Arimania komaroffi (Rogonot) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), is a damaging insect pest of pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) cultivars in Iran and some other areas of the world. In this research, A. komaroffi was reared on the fruit hull of different commercial pistachio cultivars (Ahmad Aaghaei, Akbari, Kaleghochi, Momtaz and Ohadi) at 25±2°C, 45±5% R.H. and a photoperiod of 16:8 (L: D) h, and its life history and life table parameters were investigated. To evaluate the development, survival and body weight of pre-adult stages, sixty first instar larvae were reared on the fruit hull of each pistachio cultivar. Also, the weight of shelters made by larvae was measured on each cultivar. After emergence of adults, fecundity (number of eggs deposited), incubation period, and adult longevity were recorded. Based on the obtained results, cultivar Ohadi was unsuitable for population increase of A. komaroffi, because a prolonged immature period and the lowest values of food consumption (FC), larval weight gained (LW), shelter weight (SW), and population growth of the pest were on this cultivar. However, cultivar Momtaz was relatively suitable for this pest, since the shortest immature period, and the highest FC, LW, SW, and population growth were on this cultivar. There were significant positive correlations between SW of larvae and FC, LW and intrinsic rate of increase (rm). Our results showed that Ohadi was relatively resistant, and Momtaz was relatively susceptible cultivars to A. komaroffi development and population increase.
Nanoscale resolution scanning thermal microscopy with thermally conductive nanowire probes

Scanning thermal microscopy (SThM) - a type of scanning probe microscopy that allows mapping thermal transport and temperatures in nanoscale devices, is becoming a key approach that may help to resolve heat dissipation problems in modern processors and develop new thermoelectric materials. Unfortunately, performance of current SThM implementations in measurement of high thermal conductivity materials continues to me limited. The reason for these limitations is two-fold - first, SThM measurements of high thermal conductivity materials need adequate high thermal conductivity of the probe apex, and secondly, the quality of thermal contact between the probe and the sample becomes strongly affected by the nanoscale surface corrugations of the studied sample. In this paper we develop analytical models of the SThM approach that can tackle these complex problems - by exploring high thermal conductivity nanowires as a tip apex, and exploring contact resistance between the SThM probe and studied surface, the latter becoming particularly important when both tip and surface have high thermal conductivities. We develop analytical model supported by the finite element analysis simulations and by the experimental tests of SThM prototype using carbon nanotube (CNT) at the tip apex as a heat conducting nanowire. These results elucidate vital relationships between the performance of the probe in SThM from one side and thermal conductivity, geometry of the probe and its components from the other, providing pathway for overcoming current limitations of SThM.
Sensitivity of Field Tests for Assessment of Wrestlers Specific Fitness

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the differences in performance, cardiac, and metabolic variables of combat-specific fitness of wrestlers from varying sports levels. The sample consisted of 61 active and highly trained adult wrestlers of national and international levels from Serbia, from both Greco-Roman and freestyle forms of wrestling, allocated into three groups: national team wrestlers (N = 15), first league competitive wrestlers (N = 20), and second league competitive wrestlers (N = 26). Participants performed two tests: a Specific Wrestling Fitness Test (SWFT) and a Specific Wrestling Performance Test (SWPT). Between-group differences were determined using multiple analysis of variance (MANOVA). Significant differences were obtained between wrestlers of different sports levels in TnThrows (F = 77.491, p < 0.001), SJFIndex (F = 49.710, p < 0.001), and SWPIndex (F = 31.205, p < 0.001) in the SWFT and in TnThrows (F = 71.051, p < 0.001), SJFIndex F = 45.343, p < 0.001), and SWPIndex (F = 26.820, p < 0.001) in the SWPT. Based on the results, it could be concluded that the SWFT and the SWPT provide very good sensitivity in the evaluation of the wrestlers specific fitness of wrestlers.
Elite Rugby Players have Unique Morphological Characteristics of the Hamstrings and Quadriceps Femoris Muscles According to their Playing Positions

Abstract Rugby is a popular sport requiring high-intensity and maximal speed actions. Numerous studies have demonstrated that physical performance variables, such as strength, sprinting, and jumping, are different between the forwards and backs. However, there is little information about muscle morphological characteristics specific for each rugby playing position. This study aimed to clarify the morphological characteristics of the thigh muscles in forwards and backs. Ultrasound images were obtained from the proximal, middle, and distal regions of the thigh. Then, the anatomical cross-sectional areas of particular muscles in the hamstrings and quadriceps femoris were calculated for seven forwards, seven backs, and ten non-athletes. The anatomical cross-sectional areas were normalised by the two-third power of lean body mass, and the normalised values of the three regions were averaged as that of the individual muscle. In the hamstrings, the normalised anatomical cross-sectional areas of the biceps femoris long head were significantly greater in forwards than in non-athletes, whereas those of the semitendinosus were significantly greater in backs than in non-athletes. Furthermore, in the quadriceps femoris, the normalised anatomical cross-sectional areas of the rectus femoris and vastus intermedius were significantly greater in forwards than in backs and non-athletes. These results suggest that forwards have great muscularity of the biceps femoris long head and vastus intermedius which can generate large force, whereas backs possess great muscularity of the semitendinosus which can generate high contraction velocity. These findings allow coaches to design more effective training programs according to particular rugby playing positions.
Lifting tensors from orbifold quotients

We deal with a Lie group G acting by isometries on a Riemannian manifold M, such that the quotient M/G is an orbifold, or, equivalently, all slice representations are polar. We show that any smooth orbifold symmetric 2-tensor on M/G lifts to a smooth G-invariant symmetric 2-tensor on M. The proof relies on a fact about the Invariant Theory of finite reflection groups which may be of independent interest.
Realizations of self branched coverings of the 2-sphere

For a degree d self branched covering of the 2-sphere, a notable combinatorial invariant is an integer partition of 2d − 2, consisting of the multiplicities of the critical points. A finer invariant is the so called Hurwitz passport. The realization problem of Hurwitz passports remain largely open till today. In this article, we introduce two different types of finer invariants: a bipartite map and an incident matrix. We then settle completely their realization problem by showing that a map, or a matrix, is realized by a branched covering if and only if it satisfies a certain balanced condition. A variant of the bipartite map approach was initiated by W. Thurston. Our results shed some new lights to the Hurwitz passport problem.
Reducing the Spike Rate in Deep Spiking Neural Networks

One objective of Spiking Neural Networks is a very efficient computation in terms of energy consumption. To achieve this target, a small spike rate is of course very beneficial since the event-driven nature of such a computation. However, as the network becomes deeper, the spike rate tends to increase without any improvements in the final results. On the other hand, the introduction of a penalty on the excess of spikes can often lead the network to a configuration where many neurons are silent, resulting in a drop of the computational efficacy. In this paper, we propose a learning strategy that keeps the spike rate under control, by (i) changing the loss function to penalize the spikes generated by neurons after the first ones, and by (ii) proposing a two-phase training that avoids silent neurons during the training.
Abordagem biomecânica das relações entre a cinemática, intensidade do exercício e dominância de membros em ciclistas

The aim of this study was examine the biomechanics aspects of the relationships among kinematics, exercise intensity and member dominance in cycling. A frontal kinematics analysis of knee in 5 cyclists with member dominance well-know (age of 22.4 years-old, height of 1.82 m and body mass of 77.5 kg, average), was accomplished during a maximum progressive cycling exercise (initial load of 100 W with increments of 50 W to each 5 min). Was used the cyclergometry ERGOMETRICS 800 and the Peak Motus System. The results instigate to the increase in the exercise intensity carts an increase in the lateral medium displacement of the knee, mainly in intensity superior at 71% of VO2max. Also was observed a significant relationship with the member dominance, because the dominant member presented displacement significantly smaller, suggesting a better motor control when compared to the non dominant member. In summary, it can be concluded that the exercise intensity influences the displacement of the knee in the frontal plane, and this could cart changes in the effectiveness of the forces applied to pedals, as well differences are observed among dominant and not dominant member.