Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quantitative CT parameters correlate with lung function in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective This study aimed to analyze the correlation between quantitative computed tomography (CT) parameters and airflow obstruction in patients with COPD. Methods PubMed, Embase, Cochrane and Web of Knowledge were searched by two investigators from inception to July 2022, using a combination of pertinent items to discover articles that investigated the relationship between CT measurements and lung function parameters in patients with COPD. Five reviewers independently extracted data, and evaluated it for quality and bias. The correlation coefficient was calculated, and heterogeneity was explored. The following CT measurements were extracted: percentage of lung attenuation area <−950 Hounsfield Units (HU), mean lung density, percentage of airway wall area, air trapping index, and airway wall thickness. Two airflow obstruction parameters were extracted: forced expiratory volume in the first second as a percentage of prediction (FEV1%pred) and FEV1 divided by forced expiratory volume lung capacity. Results A total of 141 studies (25,214 participants) were identified, which 64 (6,341 participants) were suitable for our meta-analysis. Results from our analysis demonstrated that there was a significant correlation between quantitative CT parameters and lung function. The absolute pooled correlation coefficients ranged from 0.26 (95% CI, 0.18 to 0.33) to 0.70 (95% CI, 0.65 to 0.75) for inspiratory CT and 0.56 (95% CI, 0.51 to 0.60) to 0.74 (95% CI, 0.68 to 0.80) for expiratory CT. Conclusions Results from this analysis demonstrated that quantitative CT parameters are significantly correlated with lung function in patients with COPD. With recent advances in chest CT, we can evaluate morphological features in the lungs that cannot be obtained by other clinical indices, such as pulmonary function tests. Therefore, CT can provide a quantitative method to advance the development and testing of new interventions and therapies for patients with COPD.
Will you trust this TLS certificate?: perceptions of people working in IT

Flawed TLS certificates are not uncommon on the Internet. While they signal a potential issue, in most cases they have benign causes (e.g., misconfiguration or even deliberate deployment). This adds fuzziness to the decision on whether to trust a connection or not. Little is known about perceptions of flawed certificates by IT professionals, even though their decisions impact high numbers of end users. Moreover, it is unclear how much does the content of error messages and documentation influence these perceptions. To shed light on these issues, we observed 75 attendees of an industrial IT conference investigating different certificate validation errors. We also analysed the influence of re-worded error messages and redesigned documentation. We find that people working in IT have very nuanced opinions with trust decisions being far from binary. The self-signed and the name constrained certificates seem to be over-trusted (the latter also being poorly understood). We show that even small changes in existing error messages can positively influence resource use, comprehension, and trust assessment. Our re-worded error messages and documentation can be directly adopted.
Application and development of radiolabeled AnnexinVin vivo apoptosis imaging for tumor research

One of the aims of tumor therapy is to induce the apoptosis of tumor cells. At an early stage in process of apoptosis, phosphatidylserine(PS), a constitutive membrane aminophospholipid normally existed on the membrane's inner surface, is exposed on the outer surface. This change can be detected by the binding of AnnexinⅤ, a human protein, which has a reversible, strictly calcium-dependent, nanomolar affinity for the PS. It is proven that radiolabeled Annexin Ⅴ in vivo imaging is non-invasive and quantitative. This new imaging technology is valuable in monitoring therapy effect, evaluating patients' prognosis and suggesting tumor therapy. Meantime, it plays an important role in the area of developing new antitumor drugs. This article focused on the application and development of radiolabeled AnnexinⅤin apoptosis imaging for tumor research.
Development of a Continuous‐Flow Microreactor for Asymmetric Sulfoxidation Using a Biomimetic Manganese Catalyst

Asymmetric sulfoxidation catalyzed by a biomimetic manganese complex under continuous-flow microreactor is described. The reaction is conducted in microreactor, it can rapidly (<4 min) oxidize a wide scope of sulfides with high yield (up to 91%) and excellent enantioselectivity (up to 99% ee), and allows shorter reaction times, easier scale-up and lower catalyst loadings than its batchwise counterpart. Additionally, a convenient numbering-up strategy for the scale-up of asymmetric sulfoxidation has been developed which enables a direct scaling of the reaction to 5 g affording the corresponding sulfoxides within 20 min.
ZnO Nanowire Based Photoconductor with High Photoconductive Gain

A high gain ZnO nanowire (NW) based photodetector was fabricated, which was sensitive to photoexcitation at or below 370 nm corresponding to the band-edge of ZnO. At an incident wavelength of 370 nm and a bias field of 5 kV/cm, the maximum responsivity was over 10 5 A/W corresponding to an extremely high photoconductive gain of the order of 10 6 . Through this work we provide experimental evidence of the role of surface and defects in carrier dynamics, resulting in enhanced photoresponse. Using intensity and temperature dependence of the rise and decay rates of photocurrent, we present a detailed analysis that provides an estimate of the activation energies of carrier trapping mechanisms.
The Structure and Thermochemistry of Three Fe-Mg Chlorites

Chlorites are petrogenetically important minerals, exercise controls on petroleum reservoir qualities, are common in alteration zones during hydrothermal ore mineralization, and may form during carbon sequestration in sedimentary formations. Chlorite thermochemistry and structure have been investigated, in the present study, to facilitate an improved understanding of chlorite equilibria.Three natural IIb chlorites were studied by powder diffraction and calorimetric methods (low-temperature relaxation calorimetry using a Physical Properties Measurement System [PPMS] and differential scanning calorimetry [DSC]). The samples include a low-Fe clinochlore [Mg-Chl] and two Fe-rich chlorites from Windsor [Fe-Chl(W)] and Michigan [Fe-Chl(M)]. The structure of each chlorite was refined in the ideal C2/m symmetry using Rietveld techniques. Lattice parameters for theWindsor chlorite are a = 5.3786(6) Å, b = 9.3176(9) Å, c = 14.2187(6) Å, β = 96.98(10)°. The Michigan chlorite returned a = 5.3897(3) Å, b = 9.3300(3) Å, c = 14.2376(2) Å, β = 97.043(5)° whereas the low-Fe clinochlore yielded a = 5.3301(3) Å, b = 9.2231(8) Å, c = 14.2912(4) Å, β= 97.03(10)°. Heat capacities (Cp) for the three natural chlorites were measured using both PPMS (2–303 K) and DSC (282–564 K). Employing a combination of Debye-Einstein-Schottky functions, the lattice dynamics component of the Cp at lower temperature was evaluated allowing a separation of the magnetic spin ordering component of Cp from the lattice vibrational part. For Mg-Chl, Fe-Chl(W), and Fe-Chl(M), the polynomials defining the temperature dependencies of the heat capacities between 280 and 570 K are:Cp = 1185.44(±68.93) − 9753.21(±186.85)T−0.5 − 1.9094(±1.0288)·107T−2 + 3.3013(±1.5363)·109T−3Cp = 1006.06(±48.46) − 4134.83 (±1515.16)T−0.5 − 40.0949(±6.9413)·106T−2 + 5.9386(±1.0287)·109T−3andCp = 1268.60(±67.16) − 11983.09(±2107.07)T−0.5 − 7.6037(±9.6417)·106T−2 + 1.5398(±1.4187)·109T−3, respectively.Standard state molar thermodynamic functions, CP, ST, (HT−H0)/T, and φ were evaluated for the samples. S298.15 for Fe-Chl(W), Mg-Chl, and Fe-Chl(M) were found to be 499.14 ± 3.40, 437.81 ± 3.00 and 515.06 ± 3.60 J mol−1K−1, respectively, whereas S° for Fe-Chl(W) and Mg-Chl were determined to be 578.24 ± 3.76 and 503.21 ± 3.60 J mol−1K−1, −1
The role of energy to solve water scarcity in Qatar

AbstractQatar’s significant wealth in natural gas and oil brings the country to the highest income per capita worldwide. The drastic economic and social development gained by these revenues modernizes the country’s infrastructure and improve the population living standards in all aspects. Qatar gross domestic product income, in billion dollars ($B) increased from $B 115.270 in 2008–$B 202.45 in 2013. Meanwhile, Qatar faces real challenges due to very limited natural freshwater resources. Water scarcity creates water and food security problems. The viability of agriculture food productions is continually decreasing. Agriculture in Qatar depends mainly on groundwater, which is over-exploited, depleted, quality deteriorated, and becoming less suitable for agriculture, and its usage, in general, can be seized soon. Qatar’s abundant energy is used to generate desalted seawater to satisfy 99% of municipal water needs. The possibility of treating wastewater treatment to be used for agriculture purposes is discus.
Structural, mechanical, and electrical properties of carbon nanoparticles synthesized from diesel

abstract We studied the elemental analysis, structural morphology, mechanical, and electrical properties of carbon nanoparticles synthesized from diesel. The spherical carbon particle size in the range of about 10 to 80 nm in diameter was observed in scanning electron microscope (SEM) studies that were identified by Atomic force microscopy (AFM) study as an aggregation of carbon particles of average size 2.5 nm. The surface rms of carbon nanoparticle thin film (CNTF) was measured directly by AFM and found 0.22 nm. The Derjaguin–Muller–Toporov (DMT) elastic modulus of carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) was measured by PeakForce QNM mode of AFM. The minimum and maximum elastic modulus was measured of 0.40 GPa and 43.89 GPa, respectively. The resistivity, conductivity, magneto resistance, mobility, and average Hall co-efficient were measured by “Ecopia Hall-effect measurement system” by four-point Van der Pauw approach at ambient condition. We demonstrated I–V characteristic at the Indium/CNTF thin film interface, which is accompanied by rectifying behavior.
In Situ TEM Observation of the Electrochemical Process of Individual CeO2/Graphene Anode for Lithium Ion Battery

The reaction mechanism of ceria as an anode in a lithium ion battery (LIB) is unknown. To solve this issue, a nano-LIB was constructed inside a transmission electron microscope (TEM) using an individual CeO2/graphene composite as the anode. The lithiation/delithiation cycles of the CeO2/graphene composite were conducted inside the TEM, and the electrochemical process was in situ monitored by simultaneous determination of the microstructure with high-resolution TEM, electron diffraction, and electron energy loss spectroscopy. The surfaces of the graphene nanosheets and ceria nanoparticles were covered by a nanocrystalline Li2O layer after lithiation, and the Li2O layer shrank and showed partially reversible changes after delithiation. The CeO2 nanoparticles showed imperceptible volumetric and morphological changes, while comprehensive analysis revealed a fully reversible phase transformation between fluorite CeO2 and cubic Ce2O3 during the electrochemical process. These results give direct evidence and pro.
Effects of simulated nitrogen deposition on the vertical distribution of soil nitrogen, carbon and microbial biomass in young Schima superb plantation

A field experiment in young Schima superb plantation was conducted in Zengcheng,Guangzhou to study the response of the vertical distribution of soil nitrogen,soil carbon and soil microbial biomass to 3 levels of simulated nitrogen deposition(N0 treatment: N 0 g.m-2.a-1.N5 treatment: N 5 g.m-2.a-1.And N10 treatment: N 10 g.m-2.a-1). Soil samples were collected from the depth of 0~10,10~20,20~30,30~40,40~50 cm and 50~60 cm after successive 22 months’ simulation.Indexes including soil nitrogen(nitrate,ammonia,and total nitrogen),carbon(total carbon) and microbial biomass(lipid-P) were measured.The results show that: pH showed a downward trend in three levels with the increase of soil depth,which means a risk of soil acidification;total nitrogen and total carbon in all levels show a similar trend in vertical distribution: decreases with depth;but in the depth of 40~60 cm,total carbon in N5 and N10 shows an increase compared with N0;the concentration of nitrate in N5 and N10 is higher than N0 except for that at 40~50 cm,which suggests nitrogen deposition lead to a certain degree of nitrate accumulation;in the depth of 0~20 cm,ammonium is at a low level and significantly lower than the control group(N0),while in the deeper layers,ammonium shows a higher content,which poses a threat to groundwater;in all layers,the proportion of inorganic nitrogen to total nitrogen in N5 and N10 level is higher than that in N0;microbial biomass differs significantly at different nitrogen deposition levels,and there are peak values in the depth of 30~40 cm at both levels of N5 and N10.
Propriedades eletrônicas de grafeno com defeitos

No limite de baixas energias, o grafeno pode ser descrito por uma teoria de fermions livres sem massa. Neste trabalho, escrevemos uma metrica nao-Euclidiana que representa o grafeno e introduzimos um campo de gauge nao-Abeliano devido a presenca de defeitos topologicos (desclinacoes). Neste pano de fundo, estudamos o espalhamento elastico de fermions por esses defeitos. Depois, obtemos o ângulo de mudanca de fase e a amplitude de espalhamento. Discutimos tambem a influencia destes resultados em propriedades de transporte. Nesta abordagem, aplicamos um campo magnetico uniforme e perpendicular a folha de grafeno. Assim, o sistema tambem passa a ser descrito por um campo de gauge Abeliano e observamos que ocorre a quebra da degenerescencia dos niveis de Landau com possiveis implicacoes fisicas para o estudo do efeito Hall quântico no grafeno. Alem disso, estudamos a dinâmica dos spinores de Dirac na presenca de um potencial confinante, como o Oscilador de Dirac, e o confinamento espacial dos eletrons em uma estrutura de grafeno no formato de um anel com defeito topologico. Finalmente, encontramos que a dinâmica dos spinores e afetada por esta geometria e pelas desclinacoes.
Rational analysis of Angelica product grades divided by chemical and weight indicators

Objective: To study the correlation of Angelica commodity grade classification with weight and chemical indicators.Methods: Polysaccharide was determined by UV method.Ferulic acid was determined by HPLC.And the water-soluble extract content was determined by Chinese pharmacopoeia method.Results: There were certain differences in ferulic acid,the extract and the polysaccharide in different commodity grades of Angelica.Polysaccharide and ferulic acid had very weak negative correlation with commodity grades.Extract had very weak positive correlation with commodity grades,but it had no statistically significant.Average weight had very significant positive correlation with commodity grades(P0.01). Conclusion: The basis of Angelica commodity grades reflected the differences of the level,which had a certain rationality.Commercial grades had no correlation with chemical indicators.
Biodegradation, Bioactivity and In vivo Biocompatibility Analysis of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidized (PEO) Biodegradable Mg Implants

In this paper, a plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) coating was prepared on AZ91 magnesium (Mg) implant to improve its degradation resistance, bioactivity and biocompatibility. The phase composition and surface morphology of the samples were characterizedusing X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The corrosion rate and the bioactivity behavior of the samples were investigated via electrochemical measurements and immersion tests in simulated body fluid (SBF). The Original ResearchArticle
Tris(pyrrolidin-1-yl)carbenium tri-μ-iodido-bis­[tri­iodido­bis­muthate(III)]

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, 3(C13H24N3)+ [Bi2I9]3−, comprises two cations and one half of a [Bi2I9]3− ion. The C—N bond lengths of the CN3 units in both cations range from 1.336 (3) to 1.364 (5) A, indicating partial double-bond character pointing towards charge delocalization within the NCN planes. All five-membered rings adopt an envelope conformation with the C atoms as the flap. One of the pyrrolidine rings (cation I) is disordered over two alternative envelope conformations. Two sets of positions were found for two of the methyl­ene groups with an occupancy ratio of 0.757 (10):0.243 (10). The second disordered pyrrolidine moiety (cation II) is disordered around a twofold rotation axis and exhibits two half-occupied symmetry equivalent counterparts. The two BiIII ions are coordinated by six iodide ions in a distorted octa­hedral manner, with the Bi–I bond lengths ranging from 2.9544 (2) to 3.2414 (2) A. Two [BiI6]3− octa­hedra are fused together through face-sharing, forming a dinuclear [Bi2I9]3− unit. The bond lengths of bis­muth to the terminal iodides [2.9544 (2)–2.9889 (2) A] are shorter than the bridging ones [3.1450 (2)–3.2414 (2) A].
Knowledge Diffusion Capability Generation for Under-Developed Regions' Economic Development

Knowledge diffusion is one of the key factors that improves the research and development of knowledge and the competence of any regional economy. This paper firstly explains the concept of knowledge diffusion, and then focus on the underdeveloped regions to analyze the constraint factors that determine a region’s knowledge diffusion capability with the establishment of a two-layer model compromising both the external factors (environments) and the internal factors (resources). Then the impact of knowledge diffusion on regional industries upgrading in the form of international industrial transfer is analyzed as well. The conclusion gives suggestions on the strategies of developing regions to utilize the principles of knowledge diffusion. Keywords-economic development; industrial upgrading; knowledge diffusion; under-developed region
Advances in studies on chemical constituents in plants of Tamarix L.and their pharmacological activities

The plants in Tamarix L.are shurb which usually distribute in arid or semiarid desert area and saline-alkali fields.A variety of chemical constituents,such as flavonoids,triterpenes,steroids,phenylpropanoids,organic acids and phenolic acids are isolated from the plants in Tamarix L.The pharmacological study reveals that plants in Tamarix L.show hepatoprotective,anti-oxidant,antibacterial,α-glucosidase inhibitive,and antitumor effects.The chemical components and pharmacological activities in different medicinal parts of the plants from Tamarix L.are reviewed in this paper,aiming at providing basis for further development and application of the plants in Tamarix L.
Nanoindentation in Tin/Nbn Multilayers and Thin Films Examined Using Transmission Electron Microscopy

Nanoindentation allows the hardness of thin coatings and synthetic multilayer structures to be measured, since indentation depths can be as little as a few 10s of nm. In combination with the cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis described here it is possible to observe the deformation structure under an indent, and potentially to understand deformation mechanisms on a nm scale in a wide variety of materials. Synthetic multilayers are a particularly interesting system to investigate. Variations in hardness with the multilayer compositional repeat distance (A) have been reported for several systems. The highest hardnesses, which are in excess of what a simple “rule of mixtures” would predict, occur in nitride multilayers at A ∼5nm. Here we present some preliminary results showing the deformation structure in both a monolithic NbN film and a TiN/NbN multilayer in which both components have the rQck salt structure with lattice parameters 0.424nm (TiN) and 0.439nm (NbN).
THE STATE OF ANXIETY, DEPRESSION, AND STRESS IN HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS WITH CONFIRMED COVID-19 INFECTION

Objectives: In the past few months, the COVID-19 pandemic has drastically invaded the globe with its high infectivity. In this situation, people’s mental health is of utmost importance but poorly reported, especially in patients. We conducted this cross-sectional study among laboratory-confirmed hospitalized patients to evaluate the burden of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms. Methods: We used depression, anxiety and stress scale 21 (DASS-21) to evaluate respective mental health components. A total of 114 hospitalized patients participated in this study. Of which, 65.79% were male patients. Results: The reported depression, anxiety, and stress were 77.2%, 84.2%, and 54.4%, respectively. An inverse relationship of the total DASS-21 score was found with the age of the participants. Conclusion: Such a high prevalence of mental health outcome suggests the need for further evaluation and addressing the problem with immediate concern.
Effect of Oxycombustion Diluents on the Extinction of Nonpremixed Methane Opposed-Jet Flames

ABSTRACT This study investigates the differences between oxycombustion and conventional air combustion through methane flame extinction measurements and calculations. We report global extinction strain rates for methane with O2/N2, O2/CO2, and O2/CO2/H2O flames for a range of calculated stoichiometric adiabatic flame temperatures. Tests were performed in a subatmospheric opposed-jet burner, with pre-vaporized water. For a given oxidant diluent, global extinction strain rates increase strongly with increasing flame temperature and with pressure. At a given temperature, the effect of oxidant composition depends on whether dissociation is included in computing the stoichiometric adiabatic flame temperature. When dissociation is included, O2/CO2 and O2/CO2/H2O flames are roughly 30% harder to extinguish than O2/N2 flames. When dissociation is not included, the oxidant composition has a minimal effect. Calculations with the CHEMKIN suite of programs yield the same ranking of extinction strain rate for the different additives, when stoichiometric adiabatic flame temperature is matched with dissociation included.
ZnO/ZnS heterostructures for hydrogen production by photoelectrochemical water splitting

This work studies the photoelectrochemical behavior of novel ZnO/ZnS heterostructures obtained by means of anodization in water and glycerol/water/NH4F electrolytes with different Na2S additions under controlled hydrodynamic conditions. For this purpose different techniques such as Field Emission Scanning Electronic Microscopy (FE-SEM) with EDX, Raman spectroscopy and photoelectrochemical water splitting tests under standard AM 1.5 conditions have been carried out. The obtained results showed that the hydrodynamic conditions promoted an ordered nanotubular morphology which facilitates electron–hole separation and consequently, the photoelectrochemical activity for water splitting is enhanced. Additionally, the effect of glycerol in the anodization solutions seems to be beneficial for increasing the dark current photostability.