Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nonequilibrium phase diagram of a driven and dissipative many-body system

We study the nonequilibrium dynamics of a many-body bosonic system on a lattice, subject to driving and dissipation. The time evolution is described by a master equation, which we treat within a generalized Gutzwiller mean field approximation for density matrices. The dissipative processes are engineered such that the system, in the absence of interaction between the bosons, is driven into a homogeneous steady state with off-diagonal long-range order. We investigate how the coherent interaction affects the properties of the steady state of the system qualitatively and derive a nonequilibrium phase diagram featuring a phase transition into a steady state without long-range order. The phase diagram also exhibits an extended domain where an instability of the homogeneous steady state gives rise to a persistent density pattern with spontaneously broken translational symmetry. In the limit of low particle density, we provide a precise analytical description of the time evolution during the instability. Moreover, we investigate the transient following a quantum quench of the dissipative processes and we elucidate the prominent role played by collective topological variables in this regime.
Aalborg Universitet Single-sensor control of LCL-filtered grid-connected inverters

Owing to the filter resonance and background harmonics, the current control for the LCL-filtered grid-connected inverter should be carefully designed to ensure stable operation. Prior-art current control methods normally require extra sensors to achieve the damping of the resonance, or sophisticated active damping should be employed. Both increase the overall system cost and complexity. In this context, an improved control strategy is proposed for LCL-filtered inverters. The proposed control method utilizes a novel reduced-order observer in a way that only one current sensor is required for stable operation (i.e., resonance and harmonics are effectively attenuated). More specifically, the reduced-order observer embeds the dynamics of the grid voltage, where the estimated grid information is used for synchronization in a phase-locked loop. The estimated state variables of the observer are then used for the controller design. Furthermore, to achieve active damping and suppress the influence of grid voltage distortions on the current quality, a multi-resonant state-space controller is proposed, where a linear quadratic regulator method is employed to obtain the optimal gain. The simulations and experimental tests are performed on a 3-kW grid-connected inverter system with an LCL filter. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in terms of robust active damping and strong harmonic attenuation, and thus the inverter achieves a good power quality with only one current sensor. INDEX TERMS Active damping, linear quadratic regulator, multi-resonant controller, reduced-order observer, state-space control.
Effect of 1-Methylcyclopropene and Controlled Atmosphere on Storage of Kiwifruits

‘Hayward’ kiwifruits were treated with 0.5 L/L of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) for 24 hours at 0°C, and then stored either in air or in controlled atmosphere (CA) with 3 kPa O2 + 5 kPa CO2 at 0°C. Initially, and after 13, 20, 28, 36, 41, and 55 days of storage, respiration rate, firmness, soluble solids content (SSC), and titratable acidity (TA) were measured in order to assess fruit ripening. Both 1-MCP and controlled atmosphere resulted in effective firmness retention compared to untreated control fruit held in air, although throughout the experiment, fruit treated with 1-MCP presented only 17% higher firmness than untreated fruit, while firmness of kiwifruit stored in CA resulted 40% higher compared to fruit stored in air. Treatments showed no synergistic effect during the first 4 weeks of storage, while fruit pre-treated with 1-MCP and stored in CA presented significantly higher firmness compared to all other treatments starting from the fifth week of storage. Treatment under 1-MCP and CA significantly affected SSC but not TA, and weight loss. Pre-reatment with 1-MCP did not affect respiration rate. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
ROLA KOMUNIKACJI/IZOLACJI SYMPLASTOWEJ

Streszczenie: Organizm rolinny charakteryzuje siê szczególn1 cech1, jak1 jest wystêpowanie plazmodesm (PD) miêdzy s1siaduj1cymi ze sob1 komórkami. Badania ostatnich lat pokaza3y, ¿e komunikacja za porednictwem plazmodesm lub jej brak odgrywa istotn1 rolê w regulacji ró¿nicowania komórek rolinnych. Okaza3o siê bowiem, ¿e przez PD przemieszczaj1 siê bia3ka oraz RNA (w tym mRNA), a wiêc cz1steczki mog1ce wp3ywaæ na ró¿nicowanie komórek. W niniejszym artykule opisano wyniki badañ nad rol1 izolacji symplastowej w procesie ró¿nicowania trichoblastów i atrichoblastów na przyk3adzie korzeni Arabidopsis thaliana. Przedstawiono wyniki badañ nad zmianami komunikacji symplastowej miêdzy komórkami woreczka zal1¿kowego przed i po zap3odnieniu na przyk3adzie Torenia fournieri. Opisano równie¿ wyniki badañ, które wykaza3y zwi1zek miêdzy wykszta3caniem siê domen symplastowych a ró¿nicowaniem komórek i tkanek zarodka zygotycznego oraz izolacji symplastowej w nasieniu Arabidopsis thaliana. Informacje te poprzedzono podstawowymi wiadomociami na temat transportu symplastowego. Opisano podstawowe parametry transportu symplastowego zachodz1cego w drodze dyfuzji. Przedstawiono wyniki badañ, które wykaza3y przemieszczanie siê przez PD bia3ek, takich jak: KNOTTED1, DEFICIENS, CLAVATA3 oraz LEAFY, a tak¿e przemieszczanie siê cz1steczek RNA wyciszaj1cych geny (siRNA i miRNA). W artykule tym przedstawiono równie¿ podstawowe informacje na temat dynamiki transportu symplastowego ze szczególnym uwzglêdnieniem syntezy kalozy.
A Fibrational Method of Indexed Coinductive Data Types

: As a fundamental issue in type theory, indexed coinductive data types (ICDT, for short) is of crucial importance, which is essentially semantic computing p r oblem in programming. Based on fibrational method, this paper analyses semantic behaviours of ICDT and describes their universal coinductive rules. We executed some works in semantic computing and program logic of ICDT including their math structures and categorical properties. Example analyses prove the effectiveness of the proposed fibrational method and its applicability in program languages. Our work is based on fibration; a general math setting that can compute semantics automatically rather than depend on particular computing environments and syntactic forms of ICDT.
Stress-Affected Lithiation Reactions in Elasto-Viscoplastic Si Particles with Hyperelastic Polymer Coatings: A Nonlinear Chemo-Mechanical Finite-Element Study

Stress-affected two-phase lithiation reactions in spherical elasto-viscoplastic Si particles for Li-ion batteries are studied here to determine the effects of a hyperelastic polymer coating on particle stresses, reaction front velocity, and degree of lithiation. The problem is modelled using finite-strain chemo-mechanical equations that couple stress, with Li-ion diffusion and reaction front velocity, and are solved using the finite-element (FE) approach, taking advantage of spherical symmetry of the problem. FE simulations and the sensitivity analysis reveal: (1) coating thickness is the most influential design parameter that affects the velocity of the reaction front, and (2) increasing values of the coating shear and bulk moduli, and the coating thickness reduce tensile circumferential stresses at the edge of the particle. The latter minimises the risk of particle cracking in the opening mode, but it can also accelerate the arrest of the reaction front, and thus reduce the particle lithiation degree in Li-ion battery anodes.
Impact of intestinal helminth infections on malnutrition and haematological indices of school-age children in Gondar town, Ethiopia.Impact of intestinal helminth infections on malnutrition and haematological indices of school-age children in Gondar town, Ethiopia.

Abstract Background: In Ethiopia Stunting, underweight and wasting in school children are very common. The aim of this research was to evaluate the impact of intestinal helminthes and schistosomiasis on malnutrition, anaemia and haematological indices in the school age children of Azezo Elementary School in Gondar town. Methods: Kato Katz technique was performed to determine infection and intensity of intestinal helminth infections. AnthroPlus software version 1.04 was used to get malnutrition indices while fully-automated haematological analyzers were used to determine haematological and biochemical parametrs. Results: Atotal of 384 school children were recruited in this study. The overall prevalence of helminth infections was 45.8% (178/384) with the leading Ascaris lumbericoides infection (20.6%) compared to the second leading Schistosoma mansoni (17.4%) and third leading hook worm infections (13.3%). The prevalences of body mass indexes for age Z-scores (BAZ) indices were 9.6% (37) very sever thinnes, 17.2% (66) sever thinness, 38.3% (147) thinness, 34.4% (132) normal and 0.5% (2) overweight. On the other hand, the prevalences of height for age Z-scores (HAZ) indices were 12.2% (47) stunt, 87% (334) normal and 0.8% (3) over height. Of the total 384 school age children, 335 (87.2%) had normal blood glucose level (70 – 110 mg/dL) while the remaining 49 (12.8%) school age children were hypoglycemic. The number of the school children with normal total protein level (6.6 – 8 g/dL) was 259 (67.4%) while the remaining 125 (32.6%) school children were hypo-proteinaemic. The prevalence of anemia in the school age children was 33.1% (127). Intestinal helminth infections were statistically significantly associated (p = 0.000) with hypo-glycemia, hypo-proteinaemia and anemia compared with non-infected school children. The likelihood of anemia in intestinal helminth infected school children, when it was compared with uninfected was 148 times higher for both Ascaris lumbericoides-Schistosoma mansoni co-infection, 38 times for Hookworm, 20 times for Schistosoma mansoni and 3 times for Ascaris lumbericoides mono-infection. Conclusion: Intestinal helminth infections in school age children aggravate malnutrition. Prolonged malnutrition and intestinal helminth infections could result in stunting in school-age children. Key Words: school children; malnutrition; intestinal helminth infections; nutritional indices; Gondar town.
Computer lipreading via hybrid deep neural network hidden Markov models

Constructing a viable lipreading system is a challenge because it is claimed that only 30% of information of speech production is visible on the lips. Nevertheless, in small vocabulary tasks, there have been several reports of high accuracies. However, investigation of larger vocabulary tasks is rare. This work examines constructing a large vocabulary lipreading system using an approach based-on Deep Neural Network Hidden Markov Models (DNN-HMMs). We present the historical development of computer lipreading technology and the state-ofthe-art results in small and large vocabulary tasks. In preliminary experiments, we evaluate the performance of lipreading and audiovisual speech recognition in small vocabulary data sets. We then concentrate on the improvement of lipreading systems in a more substantial vocabulary size with a multi-speaker data set. We tackle the problem of lipreading an unseen speaker. We investigate the effect of employing several stepstopre-processvisualfeatures. Moreover, weexaminethecontributionoflanguage modelling in a lipreading system where we use longer n-grams to recognise visual speech. Our lipreading system is constructed on the 6000-word vocabulary TCDTIMIT audiovisual speech corpus. The results show that visual-only speech recognition can definitely reach about 60% word accuracy on large vocabularies. We actually achieved a mean of 59.42% measured via three-fold cross-validation on the speaker independent setting of the TCD-TIMIT corpus using Deep autoencoder features and DNN-HMM models. This is the best word accuracy of a lipreading system in a large vocabulary task reported on the TCD-TIMIT corpus. In the final part of the thesis, we examine how the DNN-HMM model improves lipreading performance. We also give an insight into lipreading by providing a feature visualisation. Finally, we present an analysis of lipreading results and suggestions for future development.
A Mathematical Model of HMST Model on Malware Static Analysis

Malware is a malicious software that can contaminate communication devices, where information can be lost, encrypting or deleting the sensitive data, altering or hijacking core computing activities and monitoring a user's computer activity without proper authorization. Analyzing the behavior of any new type of malware, that threatens the security of information is the challenging task. Previous studies and research has used static and dynamic based analysis. Althrough there are various methods to analysis the behaviour of the malware, the innovation of new technology lead to undesirable growth of malware. A procedure to analyze the characteristics and its nature is the need of the day. To mitigate this issue, malware specific procedures need to be evolved by analysing its behaviour. In this article, the authors present a heuristic-based malware static analysis testing (HMST) through a six step process including hash verification, PE structure analysis, packer signature analysis, entropy analysis, antivirus check and string analysis. Heuristic-based malware static analysis (MSA) depends on the six characterstics. The six characteristics sequence is quantified mathematially. Hash verification is presented as a dynamic function, PE structure analysis (PESA) as the functional string, Packer Signature (PS) by functional boundedness, Entropy Analysis (EA) with probability, antivirus check (AC) of the discrete lagorthm-bit representation and string analysis (SA) lies with the comutational complexity. Hence, an optimized string is proposed for transmitting securely. CFF Explorer, BinText, PeID, DIE and VirusTotal are used for analyzing the behavior of the samples in this study.
Introducing user-centred design: a longitudinal study of a healthcare informatics organisation

Information System designers report increasing difficulties applying User-Centred Design (UCD) techniques effectively due to the growing complexity of the domains in which they work and the techniques’ prescriptive nature. The rapid growth of “Big Data” and associated analytical tools thus demands closer investigation of UCD activities and processes within the complex and rapidly-changing work domains in which they are designed, developed and used. This thesis reports a longitudinal case study from inside a commercial organisation, through a six-year Action Research collaboration to introduce and embed UCD techniques in the design of health informatics tools in the UK. An assessment of the initial modus operandi is followed by the development of personas with data from interviews, user-generated screen captures and database server log files; these informed the redesign, evaluation and testing of the organisation’s flagship product. Finally, stakeholder interviews explore the wider impact of UCD techniques. In so doing, this thesis shows the value of auto-ethnographic documentation, based on being embedded in a design team and collaborative reflection, for practice-led research; it found the organisation’s culture around UCD was dynamic and design practices can change this culture through, for example, training opportunities and fostering customer relations. Individuals and extrinsic factors played strikingly key roles in reshaping the organisation’s culture; the commitment and resilience of individuals was important for sustaining UCD activities across several reorganisations and changes in business strategy. Finally, this thesis comprehensively presents and evaluates an innovative approach for grounding personas in database server and user-generated content. These findings concern both research and practice by informing the scope of the designer’s role, educational programmes and Action Research collaborations. They call for further attention on the compatibility of design and development processes and suggest that design practice can not only be tailored to organisations, but organisations can be fitted to design practice with the reassessment of the value of some UCD activities. Finally, this thesis can inform approaches to practice-led research, and more effective and efficient strategies for the introduction of UCD techniques to other organisations from the base of their hierarchy.
Multi-feature local sparse representation for infrared pedestrian tracking

Robust tracking of infrared (IR) pedestrian targets with various backgrounds, e.g. appearance changes, illumination variations, and background disturbances, is a great challenge in the infrared image processing field. In the paper, we address a new tracking method for IR pedestrian targets via multi-feature local sparse representation (SR), which consists of three important modules. In the first module, a multi-feature local SR model is constructed. Considering the characterization of infrared pedestrian targets, the gray and edge features are first extracted from all target templates, and then fused into the model learning process. In the second module, an effective tracker is proposed via the learned model. To improve the computational efficiency, a sliding window mechanism with multiple scales is first used to scan the current frame to sample the target candidates. Then, the candidates are recognized via sparse reconstruction residual analysis. In the third module, an adaptive dictionary update approach is designed to further improve the tracking performance. The results demonstrate that our method outperforms several classical methods for infrared pedestrian tracking.
Review of Modelling and Simulating Crowds at Mass Gathering Events: Hajj as a Case Study

The Hajj is an Islamic pilgrimage that involves four main holy sites in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. As the number of participants (pilgrims) attending these events has been increasing over the years, challenges have arisen: overcrowding at the sites resulting in congestion, pilgrims getting lost, stampedes, injuries and even deaths. Although Hajj management authorities have employed up-to-date facilities to manage the events (e.g., state-of-the-art infrastructure and communication technologies, CCTV monitoring, live crowd analysis, time scheduling, and large well-trained police forces and scouts), there is still overcrowding and â€œunexpectedâ€ problems that can occur at the events. These problems can be studied and mitigated by prior simulation, which allows for preparation and deployment of the most appropriate plans for crowd management at Hajj events. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of crowd modelling and simulation studies referring to Hajj.
Staying active despite pain: investigating feedback mechanisms to support physical activity in people with chronic musculoskeletal pain

Chronic (persistent) pain (CP) affects 1 in 10 adults; clinical resources are insufficient, and anxiety about activity restricts lives. Physical activity is important for improving function and quality of life in people with chronic pain, but psychological factors such as fear of increased pain and damage due to activity, lack of confidence or support, make it difficult to build and maintain physical activity towards long-term goals. There is insufficient research to guide the design of interactive technology to support people with CP in self-managing physical activity. This thesis aims to bridge this gap through five contributions: first, a detailed analysis from a plethora of qualitative studies with people with CP and physiotherapists was done to identify factors to be incorporated into technology to promote physical activity despite pain. Second, we rethink the role of technology in improving uptake of physical activity in people with CP by proposing a novel sonification framework (Go-with-the-flow) that addresses psychological and physical needs raised by our studies; through an iterative approach, we designed a wearable device to implement and evaluate the framework. In control studies conducted to evaluate the sonification strategies, people with CP reported increased performance, motivation, awareness of movement, and relaxation with sound feedback. A focus group, and a survey of CP patients conducted at the end of a hospital pain management session provided an in-depth understanding of how different aspects of the framework and device facilitate self-directed rehabilitation. Third, we understand the role of sensing technology and real-time feedback in supporting functional activity, using the Go-with-the-flow framework and wearable device; we conducted evaluations including contextual interviews, diary studies and a 7-14 days study of self-directed home-based use of the device by people with CP. Fourth, building on the understanding from all our studies and literature from other conditions where physical rehabilitation is critical, we propose a framework for designing technology for physical rehabilitation (RaFT). Fifth, we reflect on our studies with people with CP and physiotherapists and provide practical insights for HCI research in sensitive settings.
What lies above: using poetic methods to interrogate user positions across GNSS infrastructures

This thesis argues for the use of what I term ‘poetic methods’ in approaching the study of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) infrastructures. Poetic methods frame research experiments with techniques drawn from art practice and build understandings of an infrastructure’s actions, or the “texture” [1] of those actions by leveraging symbol and metaphor. This work is situated in an interdisciplinary space across Human Computer Interaction (HCI), art, design and the study of Science, Technology and Society (STS). The theoretical grounding of the work draws on Actor Network Theory (ANT) and Karen Barad’ s intra-activity [2] to emphasise sociotechnical practices and objects as emergent across combinations of material agency. From Bowker and Star’s concept of infrastructural inversion [1], I argue that infrastructures become visible through points of breakdown. To probe GNSS infrastructure, I stage an experiment where its smooth operation is disrupted. Re-framing the infrastructure in this way draws participant’s attention to its influence in forming practices. I then use a second method of short form speculative design [3] workshops to have participants think about scenarios where the user is pushed further into the background and user and infrastructure are understood as nodes in ‘more-than-human-networks’. Alongside this participant-facing research work, I give an account of artworks that developed from my own practice in response to the research questions. These are understood as deep responses to the design workshops’ prompt to re-think how we understand the actions, influence and ontology of GNSS infrastructures. At the end of this art and research process I have a finished artwork and several sets of rich qualitative data. I use these to understand how effective my techniques are in