Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EVALUATION OF ORTHODONTIC ADHESIVE COLOR REFLECTION DEGREES OF TRANSPARENT AND TRANSLUCENT CERAMIC BRACKETS

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of optical characteristics of two different kinds of ceramic brackets in masking and reflecting color of four different adhesives by means of digital measurements in vitro. Material and Methods: 160 artificial maxillary central incisors were divided into two groups of 80, and assigned to monocrystalline bracket group (Group 1) and polycrystalline bracket group (Group 2). Both groups were further divided into four equal sub-groups according to the adhesives. After bonding, all samples were colorimetrically evaluated before (T0) and after (T1) thermocycling and photoaging. Values for L*, a* and b* parameters were recorded and color differences (∆E) were calculated. The results were statistically analyzed using the Kruskall–Wallis test. Evaluation among subgroups was performed using Dunn’s multiple correlation test (P<0.05). The clinical detection threshold for ∆E value was set at 3.7 units. Results: ∆E values between T0 and T1 showed an increase in all four sub-groups in the monocrystalline group and the highest value was 1.49±0.66 for the Transbond XT group. There was no significant difference in ∆E values in any adhesive sub-group in the polycrystalline group. Conclusion: Monocrystalline brackets are more likely to reflect color of orthodontic adhesives while polycrystalline brackets have a masking effect Therefore, while treating patients with more esthetic concerns, monocrystalline translucent brackets should be preferred.
Evaluation of Low Coverage Whole Genome Sequencing as a New Method for Detecting Malignant Ovarian Mass

To evaluate whether low coverage whole genome sequencing is suitable for the detection of malignant pelvic mass and compare its diagnostic value with traditional tumor markers. We enrolled 63 patients with a pelvic mass suspicious for ovarian malignancy. Each patient underwent low coverage whole genome sequencing (LCWGS) and traditional tumor markers test. The pelvic masses were finally confirmed via pathological examination. The copy number variants (CNVs) of whole genome were detected and the Stouffers Z-scores for each CNV was extracted. The risk of malignancy (RM) of each suspicious sample was calculated based on the CNV counts and Z-scores, which was subsequently compared with ovarian cancer markers CA125 and HE4, and the risk of ovarian malignancy algorithm (ROMA). Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (ROC) were used to access the diagnostic value of variables. As confirmed by pathological diagnosis, 44 (70%) patients with malignancy and 19 patients with benign mass were identified. Our results showed that CA125 and HE4, the CNV, the mean of Z-scores (Zmean), the max of Z-scores (Zmax), the RM and the ROMA were significantly different between patients with malignant and benign masses. The area under curve ( AUC) of CA125, HE4, CNV, Zmax, and Zmean was 0.775, 0.866, 0.786, 0.685 and 0.725 respectively. ROMA and RM showed similar AUC (0.876 and 0.837), but differed in sensitivity and specificity. After all, we develop a LCWGS based method for the identification of pelvic mass of suspicious ovarian cancer. LCWGS shows accurate result and could be complementary with the existing diagnostic methods.
Black bear colour polymorphism through a fragmented Snell’s window

The white colour morph of the black bear (Ursus americanus kermodei) occurring on islands on the coast of British Columbia, western Canada, captures more salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) than does the black morph and is hypothesized to have reduced contrast against the sky from the visual perspective of the salmon. We tested this hypothesis in a natural salmon stream by recording the number and proximity of chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) approaches (N = 1617 fish, 91 trials) towards life-size bear models differing in body and leg coloration under a mixed forest-sky canopy. Although salmon approached the white models at a much higher rate than black models, consistent with camouflage, we found greater abrupt evasions to the black models, largely independent of their contrast against the above-surface or below-surface backgrounds. Upward-facing sub-surface video-imaging through the rippled waterair interface indicated major visual fragmentation of the model’s integrity. We suggest that increased evasiveness to black models reflects an evolutionary response due to 3+ million years of trophic interaction between salmon and bears, and that the major differences between calm vs. rippled conditions through the optical cone (Snell’s window) at the water-air interface remains a largely unexplored theme in assessing foraging preferences and adaptive coloration within and among species using the water-air interface.
Nonlinear dynamic analysis of worn gas foil bearings

Abstract Highly nonlinear vibration is one of important factors influencing the failure of gas foil bearing-rotor systems. In this paper, an integrated nonlinear dynamic model is constructed to study the dynamic vibration of worn gas foil bearings. In the wear model, the deformation of foil is considered. The Iordanoff model is used to solve the stiffness of foil, and equivalent viscous damping is introduced to amend the friction factor at the interface between the foil and bearing bracket. The incompressible Reynolds equation is solved by using ADI method, and the Newmark-β method is applied to obtain the trajectory of axis center. In numerical examples, the effects of worn zone on the trajectory of axis center, the Poincare map and bifurcation diagram are discussed. The nonlinear vibration resulting from the worn zone is revealed. Comparison with existing results validates this model.
Exclusive breastfeeding practice and its associated factors among mothers with infants aged less than six months in Nono, Western Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

Background Exclusive breastfeeding is the best and cost effective intervention to prevent childhood morbidities and mortalities in developing countries. But there was no evidence in the study area regarding the practice of exclusive breastfeeding and its associated factors. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess exclusive breastfeeding practice and its associated factors in a rural district, Western part of Ethiopia. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from August 15–30, 2020 among 565 mothers who have an infant less than six months in Nono District. Study participants were selected using random sampling. Data on infant breastfeeding practice were collected by trained interviewers by using a structured questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to determine factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding. Statistical significance was declared at P < 0.05 at 95% confidence interval. Results A total of 565 participants were participated in this study, giving a 95.9% response rate. The prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding practice was 70.8%. Age of Mothers (AOR = 2.67, 95%CI = 1.79, 4.60), attended antenatal care during the recent pregnancy (AOR = 2.31, 95%CI = 1.31,4.71), attended delivery in health facilities (AOR = 1.34, 95%CI = 1.21,2.11), having information about exclusive breastfeeding (AOR = 2.34, 95%CI = 1.13,4.76) and knowing the importance of exclusive breastfeeding (AOR = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.12, 3.73) were associated factors with exclusively breastfeeding. Conclusions The prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding among infants less than six months in the Nono district was 70.8%. Factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding were the age of mothers, antenatal care service utilization, place of birth, mothers' information about breastfeeding, and knowledge of mothers about the importance of exclusive breastfeeding. Therefore, it is recommended that awareness should be continuously raised and pregnant women should be encouraged to attend health facilities for antenatal care and delivery by health service providers hence improving exclusive breastfeeding.
Antihypertensive and hematological effects of Tribulus terrestris Aqueous Extract

The effect of 100 and 50 mg/kg body weight Tribulus terrestris aqueous extract at on the cardiovascular system of rats was studied. Initial heart rate of 160, systolic100 & diastolic 40was considered as normal pressure. One minute after extract administration the blood pressure and heart rate of rats were raised. The rats' blood pressure continued in a remarkable increasing manner reaching a 180 systolic, 150 diastolic mm/Hg and the heart rate beat were 200, no mortality was observed. Perfusion pressure was raised with the aqueous extract administration then reduced to the normal level after 90 minutes. It was concluded that aqueous extracts of Tribulus terrestris possess significant hypotensive activity in hypertensive rats. The hypotensive effects of Tribulus terrestris appeared may be due to the direct arterial smooth muscle contraction and membrane hypo polarization. These results suggested the curative effect of T. terrestris aqueous extract on hypertensive animals.
FENOMENA PERILAKU DAN SIKAP BELANJA OFFLINE DAN ONLINE SHOPPING PADA MASYARAKAT MILLENIAL DI JAKARTA

<pre><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong></pre><p><strong><em>Offline and Online Shopping Attitude and Behaviour Phenomenon in Urban Millenials in Jakarta</em></strong><em>. The characteristic of urban people related to the way or habit of a person in economic activities to fulfill the needs (shopping). The new behavior is formed to do shopping from conventional to digital using a mobile phone like a gadget. This research aims to discover the changes in the way shopping Urban millennials in Jakarta from conventional to online. This research is a case study, the method used in this research is a descriptive qualitative method by collecting data through observation, where we must observe the way and behavior of a person doing offline shopping in a shopping center and online e-commerce or social media marketing, using literature study and theoretical approach related to the theme of the research. This research finds that the differences between conventional shopping and online shopping are behavior, mechanism, and essential factors. They are also knowing positive or negative consequences when doing offline or online shopping. </em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><em>: </em><em>urban millenials, social media marketing, offline shopping, online shopping</em><em></em></p><pre> </pre><h1><strong>Abstrak</strong><strong></strong></h1><p>Fenomena Perilaku dan Sikap Belanja <em>Offline </em>dan <em>Online</em> Pada Masyarakat <em>Millenial</em> Di Jakarta. Karakteristik masyarakat urban yang beragam terpaut salah satunya dengan cara dan kebiasaan seorang individu dalam kegiatan berekonomi memenuhi kebutuhan (berbelanja). Dengan kepemilikan dan akses terhadap <em>gadget</em>, terbentuk perilaku khusus mengenai cara berbelanja konvensional beralih pada cara belanja <em>digital</em>. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peralihan cara berbelanja pada masyarakat <em>Urban Millenials</em> Jakarta yang pada awalnya konvensional kini menjadi <em>online. </em> Penelitian ini adalah studi kasus, metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan cara mengumpulkan data melalui observasi, mengamati cara dan perilaku individu dalam berbelanja <em>offline </em>pada salah satu toko jam tangan pada suatu pusat perbelanjaan dan berbelanja <em>online</em> pada <em>e-commerce</em>/ <em>social media marketing</em>, serta melakukan studi literatur dan pendekatan teoritis berkaitan dengan tema penelitian. Hasil yang didapatkan yaitu adanya peralihan cara berbelanja konvensional dan <em>online</em> yaitu terletak pada perilaku, mekanisme dan faktor penting. Serta mengetahui konsekuensi positif dan negatif saat belanja <em>offline/ online</em>. </p><p><strong>Kata kunci: </strong><em>Millenials, social media marketing, </em>belanja <em>offline, belanja online</em></p>
A new species of aphid of the genus Nipponaphis (Hemiptera: Aphididae: Hormaphidinae) from China, inducing galls on the trunk of a witch-hazel (Hamamelidaceae)

Plants and insects have co-existed for millions of years. Although research has been conducted on various insect species that induce galls on various plant tissues, information is particularly scarce when it comes to insects that form galls on the tough trunk of their host plants. This contribution describes the gall-inducing aphid Nipponaphis hubeiensis sp. nov. from the Zhushan County, Shiyan City, Hubei Province of China. This aphid induces enclosed galls with woody external layer on the trunk of Sycopsis sinensis (Saxifragales: Hamamelidaceae), an uncommon ecological niche in the aphid-plant interaction system. Morphological features for the identification of new species are provided. In addition, a partial sequence of the nuclear gene EF1α was amplified and sequenced to construct a cluster graph. Based on the clustering graph combined with morphology traits, the gall-forming aphid was classified into Nipponaphis. The unique ecological habits of this new aphid will bring innovative perspectives to the study of the evolution and diversity in aphid-host interaction.
Development of Communication Device for Sound Signal Receiving and Controlling of Sonobuoy

Low Frequency Active Sonobuoy(hereinafter referred to as LFAS) are being developed in Korea in consideration of compatibility with existing overseas sonobuoys, and a communication device for acoustic signals receiving and operating control of LFAS has been developed. The communication device needs to verify compatibility with the existing Sonobuoy, and for this purpose, the standardized Sonobuoy communication protocol was applied. The communication device is designed/manufactured to transmit the acoustic signal received in real time from the Sonobuoy through VHF band RF communication to the data processing device, and transmit CFS/CSG commands for operation control to the Sonobuoy through UHF band RF communication. In order to verify the manufactured communication device, the communication status and performance were verified by interlocking test through Ultra Electronics' PASS-II equipment and domestically developed electronic device of Sonobuoy. In addition, operability was verified through environmental tests, water tanks, and marine operations. In the future, the communication device of sonobuoy can be used for verification of the Sonobuoy developed in Korea.
When Knowledge Work and Analytical Technologies Collide: The Practices and Consequences of Black Boxing Algorithmic Technologies

Analytical technologies that structure and process data hold great promise for organizations but also may pose fundamental challenges for how knowledge workers accomplish tasks. Knowledge workers are generally considered experts who develop deep understanding of their tools, but recent observations suggest that in some situations, they may black box their analytical technologies, meaning they trust their tools without understanding how they work. I conducted a two-year inductive ethnographic study of the use of analytical technologies across four groups in an investment bank and found two distinct paths that these groups used to validate financial analyses through what I call “validating practices”: actions that confirm whether a produced analysis is trustworthy. Surprisingly, engaging in these practices does not necessarily equate to understanding the calculations performed by the technologies. In one path, validating practices are partitioned across junior and senior roles: junior bankers engage in assembling tasks and use the analytical tools to perform analysis, while only senior bankers interpret the analysis. In the other path, junior and senior members engage in co-construction: junior bankers do both assembling and interpreting tasks, and senior bankers engage in interpreting and provide feedback on junior bankers’ reasoning and choices. Both junior and senior bankers in the partitioning groups routinely black boxed the algorithms embedded in their technologies, taking them for granted without understanding them. By contrast, bankers in the co-construction groups were conscious of the algorithms and understood their potential impact. I found that black boxing influenced the knowledge outputs of these bankers and constrained the development of junior members’ expertise, with consequences for their career trajectories.
Climate change mitigation: Carbon assurance and reporting integrity

My research interests include the interface between strategy and management control systems, climate change and emission trading, risk management, and accounting education. I have published papers in top-ranking accounting journals, including Management Accounting Research, British Accounting Review, Accounting, Auditing, and Accountability Journal, Behavioral Research in Accounting, Accounting Education: an international journal, and Accounting History. My PhD thesis investigates changes in electricity generators’ strategies and management control to manage business risks in the New Zealand Emissions Trading scheme context. My current projects examine carbon accounting and assurance, climate risk disclosures, and the role played by accounting in meeting climate change challenges. My research utilizes qualitative and quantitative methods, ranging from in-depth case studies to surveys and large database statistical analyses. I am the Associate Editor of three journals: Accounting, Auditing, and Accountability Journal, Accounting and Finance, and Accounting Research Journal. I sit on the editorial board of British Accounting Review, Accounting History, and Meditari Accountancy Research. I have supervised four PhD students and many Masters and Honours students on various topics, including sustainability/carbon accounting and reporting, accounting education, and management accounting. Requests and expressions of interest for supervision in these areas are welcomed.
Characterization and catalytic activity of Mn (salen) immobilized on silica by various strategies

Different strategies were applied to prepare supported Mn(salen) on fumed silica and to explore the effect of the interaction nature between the active sites and the surface on the catalytic activity. Direct and multistep grafting methods were used: the silica surface was silylated and the metal complex was modified in order to achieve different metal complex/surface interactions. In the speculated strategy, the covalent binding was provided through a cross linker. The resulting systems were characterized by IR in diffuse reflexion mode (DRIFT), thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and chemical analysis. Then, homogenous and heterogeneous catalysts were used for cyclohexene oxidation with tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP). Results show that organo- metalic complexes are not totally stable during the immobilization procedure when the surface is previously functionalized. The heterogeneous catalyst efficiency is more dependent on the preparation way rather than on the amount of manganese at the surface. The tested solids showed the absence of important leaching phenomena, regardless of the interaction nature between the active sites and the surface.
R&D Networks with Strategic Substitutability

This paper considers a non-cooperative R&D network formation game. Instead of concentrating on R&D cooperation among firms, the paper focuses on one-way externality flow in which each firm forms links in the attempt to acquire others' R&D knowledge. It is assumed that a firm has an internal R&D strategy (in-house R&D) and an external R&D strategy (knowledge acquisition) and that these two strategic options are substitutes. It is found that a firm will trade off its own investment cost and acquisition cost. Consequently, the equilibrium network is empty when investment or linkage cost is high, whereas the equilibrium network is of core–periphery structure when both costs are relatively low, with core firms investing in R&D activities and periphery firms accessing R&D knowledge from core ones. The paper also investigates efficiency and the conclusion is that although an efficient R&D network is a periphery-sponsored star, the core firm tends to underinvest in Nash equilibrium.
An Approach to Assess the Effect of Currentness of Spatial Data on Routing Quality

During spatial decision making, the quality of the utilized data is of high importance. During navigation these decisions are crucial for being routed to the desired destination (usually going by the shortest or fastest route). Road networks, the main data source for routing, are prone to changes which can have a big impact on the computed route and therefore on travel time. For instance, routes computed using an outdated street network can result in longer travel times, in longer distance, as well in cases where the desired destination might not be anymore reachable via the computed route. Data from OpenStreetMap with different timestamps allows us to download road network snapshots from different years, i.e., from 2014 to 2020. On each of those datasets the fastest route between 500 randomly chosen point pairs in Vienna, Austria, was computed. These routes were also reconstructed on the most recent dataset for evaluation reasons. The resulting travel times, travel length as well as feasibility of the route were compared with the most recent dataset. The results provide a first assessment of temporal quality based on the currentness of a dataset.
Implementation of uniaxial perfectly matched layer based on hexahedron element in discontinuous Galerkin time domain

National Natural Science Foundation of China, Grant/Award Number: 61901324 Abstract The uniaxial perfectly matched layer (UPML), an important link in the numerical calculation of the discontinuous Galerkin time domain (DGTD), truncates the size of the computational domain and absorbs the outward‐travelling waves. In traditional DGTD, tetrahedral meshes are used to divide the computational domain. These meshes are also used in UPML. As the scope of the computational domain is wide, many meshes will be generated after the UPML division wraps the external part of the domain, thereby resulting in inefficient computation. The use of a UPML in DGTD form based on hexahedral meshes is proposed. The internal propagation and UPML regions are divided by a tetrahedral element and a hexahedral element, respectively. Among the relevant numerical examples given, a few cases are analysed to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method: the high efficiency of the UPML with hexahedral mesh, attenuation of electromagnetic waves inside the UPML, and relative error of the electric field values at the observation points.
ElectrophoreticDeposition ofAlumina and Nickel Oxide Particles

Electrophoretic deposition (EPD) of alumina and nickel oxide particles on nickel substrate has been investigated. Pure ethanol and a mixture of ethanol and water were used as solvents. The stability of Al 2O 3 and NiO suspension in two solvents was studied and compared in terms of zeta potential, electrophoretic mobility and conductivity. The influence of different solvents and deposition parameters such as suspension conductivity, applied voltage and time of dep osition on the weight gain and the morphology of deposits were also evaluated. The results demonstrated that mixture of ethanol and water as a solvent appears to be advantageous over pure ethanol for EPD of Al2O 3and NiO from standpoint of a good stability of suspension, a higher electrophoretic mobility and also due to the uniform deposits in terms of microstructures and thicknesses. Studies the relationship between the increase in applied voltage during EPD and the decrease in conductivity, have shown tha t the increase in voltage was completely caused by the decrease in conductivity of suspension.