Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of fluctuating levels of ozone or nitrogen dioxide alone and in sequence on plant growth and photosynthesis

Radish, Raphanus sativus L. , plants were exposed daily to ozone, 0 3 , or nitrogen dioxide, N0 2 , or sequences of the two pollutants. The exposure profiles for both gases approximated sine waves with peak concentrations of 120 ppb (parts per billion by volume; nl l"). In the case of 0 3 , this is close to the reported threshold for adverse effects while with N 0 2 it is below the reported threshold. The sequences involved different combinations of exposures to N 0 2 from 06:00 to 10:00h and/or 18:00 to 22:00h and 0 3 from 10:00 to 18:00h. 0 3 alone caused no significant effects on growth after 21 days but N 0 2 alone early in the day caused a small growth increase. Increases in the quantum yield of chlorophyll fluorescence and in photochemical quenching observed in both treatments after 6 days of exposure indicated increased photosynthetic C02-assimilation that, in the case of 0 3 , was presumably offset by increased maintenance/repair respiration since no increase in dry matter occurred. Exposures to N 0 2 in sequence with 0 3 had increasingly negative effects on growth. Since 0 3 tended to prevent stomatal closure early and late in the day, the estimated N 0 2 fluxes in the sequential treatments were greater than those with N 0 2 alone. However, since growth reductions were observed with the sequences, the mechanisms of stimulation of assimilation were counteractive. No visible necrotic injury was observed in any treatment and 0 3 alone resulted in a significant effect on ethylene release, a decrease. This suggests that 03-induced increases in ethylene release reported in the literature may have reflected the occurrence of incipient or actual foliar injury. The lack of growth effects due to 0 3 alone but their occurrence with N0 2 -0 3 sequences indicates that exposures to other pollutants in ambient air must be considered in establishing objectives or standards of air quality to protect vegetation.
Enhancing quality and safety of raw buffalo meat using the bioactive peptides of pea and red kidney bean under refrigeration conditions

Abstract The aim of this study was to extend the shelf life of raw buffalo meat by coating with high solubility bioactive peptides (BPs). In this work, BPs (11S) of pea and red kidney beans were obtained by different isolation techniques. Alcalase-red kidney bean hydrolysate (RBAH) successfully obtained after 60 min enzymatic hydrolysis for red kidney bean protein isolate (RPI) by Alcalase (E/S ratio of 1:100, hydrolysis degree 30%). The 11S pea globulin (11SGP) was isolated from pea total protein by ammonium sulphate. BPs were characterised by SDS-PAGE and used as a shield coated raw buffalo meat because of their basic nature. The isolated peptides have considerable antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. The antioxidant activity was estimated by DPPH assay. The antibacterial activity was evaluated by well diffusion assay; however, antifungal activity was estimated by disc diffusion assay. RBAH and 11SGP (800 µg/mL) were significantly (p ≤ .05) scavenged 90, 92% of DPPH˙, however, 60 µg/mL concentration was significantly (p ≤ .05) reduced 48–89% of gram-positive, and 38–82% of gram-negative bacteria, respectively, and they were inhibited 88% of fungal growth. The BPs (400 µg/g) were significantly reduced (p ≤ .05) the increment of meat pH and myoglobin oxidation to an acceptable percentage of metmyoglobin (MetMb) (40%) for 15–20 d via eliminating 44% of bacterial load and maintained secured storage for two weeks. RBAH was significantly increased (p ≤ .05) a*, and b* values and enhanced the meat redness, but a* value was decreased during storage. RBAH and 11SGP (400 µg/g) (p ≤ .05) was maintained the meat colour and odour by 48–68% and 64–73% after two weeks of cold storage, respectively. The tested peptides could be safely applied in novel foods. Highlights 11SGP and RBAH are high solubility bioactive peptides (BPs) with antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. 11SGP and RBAH reduce myoglobin oxidation to an acceptable percentage of met-myoglobin. RBAH enhances the whiteness and redness of buffalo meat. 11SGP and RBAH extend meat shelf life for a period exceeds 15 d at 4 °C. Graphical Abstract
Activation of Invariant Natural Killer T Cells Further Ameliorates Post-Infarct Cardiac Remodeling in Mice With MSC Transplantation

Background：The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of MSCs on the infiltration of iNKT cells and further observe whether the activation of iNKT cells could assist the therapeutic action of MSCs on ventricular remodeling.Methods：Mice with MI were sacrificed at day 7, 14, 28 and hearts were excised. qRT-PCR for Vα14Jα18 (a special marker of iNKT cell for C57BL/6) was carried out. 25μL serum-free medium(Me)、complete medium with 1×106 MSCs or without MSCs were respectively injected into myocardium in five points. After 7, 14, 28 days, qRT-PCR for Vα14Jα18 was respectively preformed. Gene expressions of Vα14Jα18 in PLV with the injection of cMe alone and cMe with PGE2, L-NMMA, indomethacin, anti-TGF at day 7 were also analyzed. Then, the experiment was performed in five groups: MI+Me, MI+MSCs, MI+MSCs+indome, MI+α-GC and MI+MSCs+ α-GC. After 28 days, heart tissue fibrosis was accessed by Masson trichrome dyeing and apoptosis was evaluated by TUNEL staining and western blotting for caspase-3 protein.Results：The iNKT cells infiltrating into the PLV was significantly increased at day 7 after MI (1.72-fold changes from baseline, P<0.05), but almost returned to baseline level at day 14 and 28. Compared to MI+Me group(1.76±0.20-fold), iNKT cells infiltration was significantly suppressed at day 7 in MI+MSCs (1.25±0.29-fold, P<0.05) and MI+cMe groups (1.19±0.25-fold, P<0.05). In MI+cMe+indome and MI+cMe+PGE2 group, the changes of iNKT cells infiltration were respectively 1.74- and 1.04-fold (vs 1.20-fold in MI+cMe group, P<0.05). Combined MSCs transplantation with iNKT cells activation, myocyte apoptosis and interstitial fibrosis in PLV were both significantly attenuated. Conclusions:In the infarcted mouse model, MSCs suppressed the infiltration of iNKT cells by secreting PGE2. Activating iNKT cells could assist the therapeutic effect of MSCs on ventricular remodeling, with attenuated apoptosis and interstitial fibrosis.
Identification of malnutrition and prediction of BMI from facial images using real-time image processing and machine learning

Human faces contain useful information that can be used in the identiﬁcation of age, gender, weight etc. Among these biometrics, body mass index (BMI) and body weight are good indicators of a healthy person. Motivated by the recent health science studies, this work investigates ways to identify malnutrition affected people and obese people by ana-lyzing body weight and BMI from facial images by proposing a regression method based on the 50-layers Residual network architecture. For face detection, Multi-task Cascaded Convolutional Neural Networks have been employed. A system is created to evaluate BMI along with age and gender from human facial real-time images. Malnutrition and obesity are commonly determined with the help of BMI. In the previous works, height, weight, and BMI estimation through automatic means have predominantly focused on full-body images and videos of humans. The usage of facial images
Metotreksat kaynaklı beyin hasarına karşı bromelainin potansiyel faydalı etkilerinin araştırılması

Purpose: Methotrexate is a folic acid antagonist used in the treatment of various diseases, especially some types of cancer and rheumatoid arthritis. However, many side effects associated with methotrexate use, including neurotoxicity, are an important clinical problem. Bromelain obtained from the pineapple plant is an enzymatic mixture with radical scavenging and anti-lipid peroxidation effects. Materials and methods: 28 rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=7). The first group was kept as the control group. The second group was determined as the bromelain group and 200 mg/kg/day bromelain was given to the rats in this group for 14 days. The third group was determined as methotrexate group and a single dose of 20 mg/kg methotrexate was given to the rats in this group on the third day. The fourth group was determined as methotrexate + bromelain group, and the rats in the group were given methotrexate and bromelain in equivalent doses together. Results: Methotrexate administration did not cause any change in thiobarbituric acid reactive levels among groups, but caused a statistically significant decrease in reduced glutathione level and superoxide dismutase, glutathione and catalase activities compared to the control group. The administration of bromelain with methotrexate significantly increased the reduced glutathione level and superoxide dismutase activity compared to the methotrexate group, but the increase in glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities was not statistically significant. Brain tissue was also evaluated histologically. It was observed that methotrexate administration did not cause a significant lesion formation in the brain histopathologically. Conclusion: Our findings support that the use of bromelain may benefit patients treated with methotrexate against neurological damage.
PERCEPTION OF FORCED DISTANCE LEARNING BY IT STUDENTS: THE INFLUENCE OF GENDER AND JUNGIAN PERSONALITY TYPES

Learning in a pandemic situation has shown an increased role and need for research and implementation of personalized learning, and therefore the factors necessary to take into account when forming such an approach. The purpose of this study was, firstly, to find out how students of technical specialties perceive the fact to refuse from classroom studies, and, secondly, to determine the influence of person’s individual characteristics on attitude towards distance learning. The research results showed that a significant part of full-time IT students (about 70%) reacted positively to the advantages of distance learning and that the attitude towards this form of education is to some extent determined by gender, as well as a manifestation of Introversion-Extraversion and Thinking-Feeling.
Combined influence of exchange quality and organizational identity on the relationship between authoritarian leadership and employee innovation: evidence from China

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the combined influence of exchange quality (i.e. leader-member exchange or LMX, and coworker exchange or CWX) and organizational identity on the relationship between authoritarian leadership and employee innovation based on social cognition theory and social exchange theory.Design/methodology/approachThe authors used mediation analysis, moderation analysis and bootstrapping method to test the proposed model with data from 286 supervisor-subordinate dyads in China, covering manufacturing and Internet companies. This study also used the time-lag design, and the questionnaires were collected by means of multi-source and multiphase.FindingsThe results indicate that authoritarian leadership can positively influence employee innovation behavior, and organizational identity mediates this relationship. Both LMX and CWX can significantly moderate the relationship between authoritarian leadership and organizational identity, while the moderating effect is the opposite. To be specific, CWX has appositive effect, while LMX has a negative effect. Furthermore, the indirect effect of authoritarian leadership on employee innovation behavior via organizational identity is also moderated by LMX.Originality/valueAt present, scholars have not yet reached a consensus on the relationship between authoritarian leadership and employee innovation behavior. Based on social cognition theory and social exchange theory, this study incorporates organizational identity and exchange quality into the research model to explore this lack of consensus. By verifying the research model, this study offers original views on when and how authoritarian leadership and exchange quality affect employee innovation behavior, which enriches the current research on employee innovation and the effectiveness of authoritarian leadership in different cultural contexts.
Classification of User Comment Using Word2vec and Deep Learning

This study will classify the text based on the rating of the provider application on the Google Play Store. This research is classification of user comments using Word2vec and the deep learning algorithm in this case is Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) based on the rating given with a rating scale of 1-5 with a detailed rating 1 is the lowest and rating 5 is the highest data and a rating scale of 1-3 with a detailed rating, 1 as a negative is a combination of ratings 1 and 2, rating 2 as a neutral is rating 3, and rating 3 as a positive is a combination of ratings 4 and 5 to get sentiment from users using SMOTE oversampling to handle the imbalance data. The data used are 16369 data. The training data and the testing data will be taken from user comments MyTelkomsel’s application from the play.google. com site where each comment has a rating in Indonesian Language. This review data will be very useful for companies to make business decisions. This data can be obtained from social media, but social media does not provide a rating feature for every user comment. This research goal is that data from social media such as Twitter or Facebook can also quickly find out the total of the user satisfaction based from the rating from the comment given. The best f1 scores and precisions obtained using 5 classes with LSTM and SMOTE were 0.62 and 0.70 and the best f1 scores and precisions obtained using 3 classes with LSTM and SMOTE were 0.86 and 0.87
Beta Chemokine expression in an in vitro model of the human blood-brain barrier

It is now well established that the interactions between endothelium and circulating white blood cells are of critical importance in the evolution of an inflammatory response. Chemokines are small chemoattractant cytokines with the unique ability to stimulate and guide the movement of specific classes of inflammatory cells to sites of inflammation. The role of chemokines in C N S inflammation has not been fully elucidated. Over the last decade, various studies have suggested that CCL2(MCP-1) and C C L 3 (MIP-1a) are major players in multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalitis (EAE). The aim of the present study is to investigate the expression and cytokine upregulation of C C L 2 and C C L 3 by human brain microvessel endothelial cells (HBMEC), an in vitro model of the human bloodbrain barrier. Primary cultures of H B M E C grown to confluence were stimulated with TNFoc, IFNy, IL1(3 or LPS for 24-72 h. RNA expression was confirmed by R T P C R and intracellular protein expression was detected with immunogold silver staining (IGSS). Protein release was quantitated with ELISA. CCL2 RNA levels were similar in both unstimulated and cytokine-treated cells. C C L 3 RNA was upregulated upon cytokine stimulation. IGSS confirmed chemokine expression in both unstimulated and cytokinetreated cells. The basal release of CCL2 by resting H B M E C was significantly upregulated after cytokine treatment in a concentration and time-dependent manner. ELISA of the supernatants showed CCL3 release only after stimulation. Immunoelectron microscopy studies show chemokine binding to the apical and basal surfaces of HBMEC. These studies suggest that the cerebral endothelium may play an active role in the initiation, selective recruitment and activation of circulating lymphocytes and monocytes during C N S inflammation.
Effect of molecular geometry and extended conjugation on the performance of hydrogen-bonded semiconductors in organic thin-film field-effect transistors

A general synthetic method has been used for the condensation of the 7-azaindole substructure at both extremes of centrosymmetric fused polyheteroaromatic systems. Four different aromatic spacers (benzene, naphthalene, anthracene and pyrene) that modify the molecular geometry and the π-conjugated surface have proved the ability of 7-azaindole to work as a building block that can control the crystal packing through reciprocal hydrogen bond interactions. Two possible self-assembled columnar arrangements have been observed as a result of the π–π interactions between hydrogen-bonded ribbon-like supramolecular structures. A detailed comparative analysis of the molecular organisation driven by hydrogen bonding and π-stacking, in combination with DFT calculations, has revealed an interesting evolution of the charge transport parameters. Organic thin-film field-effect transistors have been fabricated with the hydrogen-bonded semiconductors, reaching mobilities that demonstrate the potential of this supramolecular approach to control the molecular organisation and promote the electronic communication between the organic building blocks.
Investigation of Changes in Beach Morphology due to Coastal Armoring

The Tsunami, which struck the east coast of India on 26th December 2004, caused huge damage to life, property and environment. Beyond the heavy toll on human lives, it had caused an enormous environmental impact. Kalpakkam located in the south east coast of India is one of the areas affected by the tsunami. At some locations along the coast around Kalpakkam, morphological changes, vegetation loss and fatality were reported. Later, a slew of remedial measures were initiated at Kalpakkam in 2006 and construction of coastal armoring in the form of Tsunami Protection Wall (TPW) of 3.2 km length was one of them. A study was undertaken to assess the impact of this TPW on the surroundings based on periodic measurements of High Water Line (HWL) before and after construction of the wall. Also beach profiles were made at selected locations to observe seasonal changes in sedimentation pattern (i.e. accretion and erosion). As the residential area at Kalpakkam is located between fishing hamlets at northern and southern side, it is necessary to understand the impact of TPW, if any, in the surrounding area and on the fishing hamlets. Towards this assessment, high resolution satellite data such as Quickbird and IKONOS were employed (for the years 2002, 2003, 2009 and 2011) to measure the HWL. In addition, monthly beach profiles were carried out to measure the sedimentation pattern at selected transects with the help of N3 Precision Level survey instrument for the year 2009. The detailed investigations and analysis revealed no significant impact on the beach morphology and sedimentation patterns due to the construction of TPW, within the residential areas as well as at fishing hamlets. The average variations in the position of HWL along the coast was 4.6m and sedimentation changes were in the range of ≈ 0.5m in the berm of backshore region and ≈ 1.7m in the swash zone of the foreshore region all along the study area. No adverse effect is observed and the variations observed are similar to that in an unarmored control beach. The study provides the confidence that multi-dated satellite monitoring together with the profiling of beach would suffice the need for understanding the changes in the beach morphology due to the construction of beach armoring.
Determination of Maize-Wheat-Soybean Blending Ratio for Improved Nutritional and Process Quality of Bread in Selected Zones of Oromia, Ethiopia

Bread is staple food and its consumption is increasing in Ethiopia. Most of the rural families prepare their daily food from cereal products and do not consider the nutritional aspects of view. Hence, most of the children and mothers in the rural families are affected by malnutrition. Thus, it is essential to consider different methods of food preparations at home level that constitutes sufficient nutrients. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine maize, wheat and soybean blending ratio for improved nutritional and process quality of bread. Study site, farmers and samples (maize, wheat, and soybean varieties) were purposively selected. Proximate, energy and minerals contents were determined with three replications following AOAC methods. Thirteen formulations of composite flour were determined using mixture design with the aid of MINITAB 17 software package. The ingredients were 100% wheat, 100% maize and mixture of maize, wheat and soybean ranged from 0–65%, 0–100% and 0–25% for maize, wheat and soy bean, respectively. Sensory evaluation was done using 9-point hedonic scales. Results of the study showed a significant difference (p<0.05) in nutrients and sensory quality of bread as the compositions of ingredients were changed. The bread had moisture, ash, protein, crude fat, crude fiber, carbohydrate, energy, iron, zinc and calcium ranged from 7.57 – 8.75%, 0.78 – 2.14%, 9.55 – 22.75%, 1.14 – 6.55%, 2.39 – 3.93%, 58.03 – 75.75%, 357.22 – 381.53Kcal, 19.39– 43.00ppm, 12.21 – 48.32ppm and 11.85– 68.62ppm respectively. The overall acceptability of bread ranged from neither like nor dislike to like very much. Bread baked from 25%, 50% and 25% flour of maize, wheat and soybean respectively is recommended for nutrient composition allied with consumers’ preferences.
Sedimentary Structure Derived From Multi‐Mode Ambient Noise Tomography With Dense OBS Network at the Japan Trench

We derive the 3‐D S‐wave velocity structures of sediments and upper crust in the region off Ibaraki at Japan Trench subduction zone by applying ambient noise tomography to a dense array of short‐period ocean bottom seismometers (OBSs). The cross‐spectra were calculated using 27 or 142‐day continuous seismic data, and the phase velocities of the fundamental and the first‐higher Rayleigh wave modes are obtained in the frequency ranges of 0.1–0.25 Hz and 0.17–0.3 Hz, respectively. Our 1‐D S‐wave velocity inversion based on the trans‐dimensional Markov chain Monte Carlo method revealed multiple sedimentary layers above the acoustic basement and the upper crustal structure. The 1‐D structure was then used as a reference model to conduct ambient noise tomography and non‐linear inversion of the 3‐D S‐wave velocity structure by collecting data of the local 1‐D S‐wave velocity structure. Our 3‐D S‐wave velocity structure revealed three main points: (a) The acoustic basement is situated at a depth of ∼4 km depth; (b) the crustal structure is more complex than that of the sedimentary layers; and (c) the southern region has a complex crustal structure in which subducting seamounts were identified by previous P‐wave velocity tomographies.
Synthesis of hydroxyapatite with adsorbed and intracrystalline biomolecules

A hydrothermal synthesis of hydroxyapatite (HAp) was developed to allow the preparation of HAp at temperatures between 120 *C and 220 'C. The purity and the microstructure of the HAp samples were investigated using X-ray powder diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and Transmission electron microscopy. The properties of the products were found to be highly dependent on the reaction temperature. At higher temperatures higher temperatures, higher-purity samples with needle-like crystallites were formed. The synthesis procedure at 170 *C was used for incorporation of amino acids in the HAp inorganic framework. The influence of five representative amino acids with five different types of side chains (R groups) on the reaction product was investigated. It was found that, under the reaction conditions, amino acids with a negative charge and a polar side chain had the greatest influence on the crystallization process. Phenylalanine, which does not have a polar side chain, also appears to strongly interact with the inorganic network. For incorporation of whole proteins, such as lysozyme, an alternative room temperature synthesis procedure was developed. This method involves trapping lysozyme in the HAp network during pH-controlled precipitation. Lysozyme was labeled with a fluorescent probe (fluorescein isothiocyanate or FITC) in order to facilitate detection of intracrystalline proteins by spectrofluorimetry. The products containing intracrystalline protein inclusions were contrasted with samples containing surface-adsorbed proteins. Thesis supervisor: Dr. Sandra L. Burkett