Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Run-time Scheduling of IoT Applications

An IoT system can be regarded as a distributed embedded system that is composed of heterogeneous smart devices with very different performance and functions. Also many IoT applications that have different resource requirements and real-time requirements will run concurrently in the IoT system. In addition, non-functional properties such as power consumption and device lifetime are considered important. Since an IoT application can be added or removed anytime and the device status may change at run-time, the system is unprecedentedly dynamic in its configuration, which brings up a challenging scheduling problem of IoT applications onto the smart devices. To tackle this problem, we pro-pose a novel adaptive scheduling technique that consists of two scheduling techniques, incremental and global. An incremental heuristic method is proposed to provide fast responsiveness to dynamically changing configuration. During the steady-state operation, a GA-based method is applied to perform global rescheduling of IoT applications periodically to optimize a given objective function based on non-functional properties. We use the acceptance ratio of new applications and energy consumption as two performance metrics of the proposed scheduling method. The viability of the proposed approach is verified by extensive simulations with randomly generated scenarios.
THE PERSPECTIVE OF DENTAL PRACTITIONERS ABOUT POST-ENDODONTIC RESTORATION: A QUESTIONNAIRE-BASED SURVEY CONDUCTED IN CENTRAL INDIA.

Background: The restoration of endodontically treated teeth(ETT)for rehabilitation as a functional unit of masticatory apparatus is one of the most challenging situationsfor dental practitioners. It may require a multidisciplinary approach with varied advances in material science and techniques. This survey is aimed to evaluate the level of awareness,current knowledge and opinion towards the post-endodontic restorations among dental practitioners in Central India. Methodology: A descriptive observational study was conducted using Google Doc among 160 dental practitioners across Central India with a response rate of 95.6%. Results: The survey revealed that the most preferred material for core build-up was composite resin (60-82%). Full coverage restoration was the most frequently preferred (64%-68%) ﬁnal restoration.The endodontic cause was the most frequent reason for RCT failure according to 44.9% of practitioners. Conclusion: Though the practitioners were having knowledge about post-endodontic restorations, they were unaware of the recent conservative approaches.
Hidden effects of habitat restoration on the persistence of pollination networks

Abstract Past and recent studies have focused on the effects of global change drivers such as species invasions on species extinction. However, as we enter the United Nations Decade of Ecosystem Restoration the aim must switch to understanding how invasive‐species management affects the persistence of the remaining species in a community. Focusing on plant‐pollinator interactions, we test how species persistence is affected by restoration via the removal of invasive plant species. Restoration had a clear positive effect on plant persistence, whereas there was no difference between across treatments for pollinator persistence in the early season, but a clear effect in late season, with higher persistence in unrestored sites. Network structure affected only pollinator persistence, while centrality had a strong positive effect on both plants and pollinators. Our results suggest a hidden effect of invasive plants—although they may compete with native plant species, invasive plants may provide important resources for pollinators, at least in the short term.
The norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor reboxetine alone reduces obstructive sleep apnea severity: a double blind, placebo controlled, randomized, cross-over trial.

STUDY OBJECTIVES Recent findings indicate that noradrenergic and muscarinic processes are crucial for pharyngeal muscle control during sleep. However, to date, reductions in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity have only been detected when noradrenergic agents are combined with an antimuscarinic. Accordingly, this study aimed to determine if reboxetine alone and combined with oxybutynin reduces OSA severity. The pathophysiological mechanisms underpinning the effects of these agents were also investigated via endotyping analysis. METHODS 16 people (6 women) with OSA completed three polysomnograms (∼1-week washout) according to a double-blind, placebo-controlled, three-way crossover design across two sites. Single doses of 4 mg reboxetine, placebo, or 4 mg reboxetine+5 mg oxybutynin were administered before sleep (order randomized). RESULTS Reboxetine reduced the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI-primary outcome) by 5.4 [95% CI -10.4 to -0.3] events/h, P=0.03 (-24 ± 27% in men; -0.7 ± 32% in women). Oxybutynin did not cause additional reductions in AHI. Reboxetine alone reduced the 4% oxygen desaturation index by (mean ± SD) 5.2 ± 7.2 events/h and reboxetine+oxybutynin by 5.1 ± 10.6 events/h versus placebo, P=0.02. Nadir oxygen saturation also increased by 7 ± 11% with reboxetine and 5 ± 9% with reboxetine+oxybutynin versus placebo, P=0.01. Mechanistically, reboxetine and reboxetine+oxybutynin improved pharyngeal collapsibility and respiratory control (loop gain). Larger reductions in AHI with reboxetine in men were associated with higher baseline loop gain. CONCLUSIONS These findings show the first evidence that reboxetine alone reduces OSA severity. The data provide novel insight into the role of norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors on upper airway stability during sleep and are important to inform future pharmacotherapy development for OSA. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION Registry: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry; Trial name: Reboxetine and combination therapy with AD128 in sleep apnoea trial: A double-blind, 3-way cross-over study; Identifier: ACTRN12620000662965; URL: https://www.anzctr. org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx? id=374614&isReview=true.
Socioeconomic position and hearing loss: current understanding and recent advances

Purpose of review The purpose of this review is to describe recent literature examining the relationship between socioeconomic position (SEP) and hearing loss, including the impact of hearing loss on several socioeconomic outcomes over the life course. Additionally, we highlight current policy advances in recent years and review alternative models of hearing care that aim to address disparities related to SEP and hearing healthcare. Recent findings Applying a social epidemiologic lens to hearing health gives insight into the role of material and social contexts in understanding and improving hearing health outcomes. Recent studies investigating the intersection of SEP and hearing health highlight the disparities that exist for individuals with low SEP as well as the influence of hearing loss on SEP. Individuals with hearing loss are more likely to be unemployed, have lower educational attainment, lower income, and are less likely to use hearing aids and access hearing care. Legislation addressing cost and access to hearing care as well as transforming the current landscape of hearing care, is essential to creating equitable care for individuals, especially older adults, with low SEP. Summary With the expected rise in prevalence of hearing loss over the next 40 years, hearing care that is affordable and accessible is a public health priority. As hearing loss is associated with negative outcomes for individuals with low SEP, advances in legislation and care delivery models are necessary in order to include populations traditionally unserved by current hearing healthcare.
Subversion of autophagy machinery and organelle-specific autophagy by SARS-CoV-2 and coronaviruses

ABSTRACT As a new emerging severe coronavirus, the knowledge on the SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 remains very limited, whereas many concepts can be learned from the homologous coronaviruses. Macroautophagy/autophagy is finely regulated by SARS-CoV-2 infection and plays important roles in SARS-CoV-2 infection and pathogenesis. This review will explore the subversion and mechanism of the autophagy-related machinery, vacuoles and organelle-specific autophagy during infection of SARS-CoV-2 and coronaviruses to provide meaningful insights into the autophagy-related therapeutic strategies for infectious diseases of SARS-CoV-2 and coronaviruses.
Towards a quantum network with atomic ensembles

The experiments discussed in this thesis investigate the application of atomic ensembles in building a quantum network. Specifically, the atomic ensembles refer to cesium atoms in magneto-optical traps. Chapter 1 gives an introduction to quantum networks, along with the difficulty in extending the range due to the optical loss of communication channels. Chapter 2 describes the protocol proposed by Duan, Lukin, Cirac, and Zoller (DLCZ) for overcoming the limit of channel loss on scaling up a quantum network, exploiting relatively simple setups with atomic ensembles. The protocol introduces many capabilities and simplifies many tasks in quantum information processing with atoms and light. Chapter 3 summarizes the first step in our lab toward realizing the DLCZ protocol. In particular, we observed nonclassical correlation between two optical fields generated from one atomic ensemble. Chapter 4 is a sidetrack apart from the DLCZ protocol. We demonstrated that the atomic ensemble can be used as a conditional source of single photons. In addition to a description of the experiment, details of the simple model we used to fit the data are also included. Chapter 5 augments chapter 4 in that the temporal behavior of the nonclassical correlation is investigated. We found that the correlation decayed rapidly, which is a major obstacle for further implementation of the DLCZ protocol. Chapter 6 describes our effort to fight the fast decay of correlation observed in the experiment. A theoretical model is used to better understand the source of decoherence. Chapter 7 is the follow-up in the direction of implementing the DLCZ protocol. Two atomic ensembles located in vacuum chambers on two optical tables are entangled in a heralded fashion. The details on controlling the phases of the interferometers and data processing are elaborated. Chapter 8 is a practical proposal on how to proceed further toward realization of the DLCZ protocol. Four atomic ensembles are involved in the proposed setup, which merely requires relative phase stability. Chapter 9 concludes the thesis and provides several possible directions toward building a large-scale quantum network through the DLCZ protocol.
Maintenance, shutdown and production scheduling in semiconductor robotic cells

Our approach is the first to study simultaneous scheduling of preventive maintenance, shutdowns and production for robotic cells in semiconductor manufacturing. It hereby exploits the frequent periods of overcapacity in semiconductor manufacturing to reduce wear and tear. In contrast to existing approaches, our scheduling approach is able to deal with different preventive-maintenance types. We borrow the Resource Task Network representation from the process-industry domain to represent our problem and facilitate its formulation as a mathematical model. In addition, we develop efficiency-improving constraints based on the characteristics of the preventive-maintenance activities. In numerical tests based on industry data, we show that the model generates high-quality schedules even without applying the inequalities, although the optimality gap is reduced only when including inequalities. We furthermore assess the trade-off between shutdowns and batch lead times. We compare our model’s schedule quality to (i) the simple industry practice of shutting down chambers permanently to reduce wear and tear and (ii) an approach that schedules maintenance and production sequentially. The numerical tests yield the following managerial insights. First, integrating maintenance and production scheduling has substantial advantages. Second, the practice of shutting equipment down permanently diminishes scheduling flexibility and solution quality. Third, shutdowns scheduling must also consider the impact on batch waiting times.
Individual profiles in protracted phonological development across languages: introduction to the special issue

ABSTRACT Although group studies provide necessary information about the range and frequency of phenomena in phonological development, individual profiles (case studies) can be used to describe entire phonological systems in detail. Profiles from different languages can highlight similarities and differences across languages that may be less obvious in group studies. The current issue presents profiles of children with protracted phonological development (PPD: speech sound disorders) from 16 languages (Akan, Kuwaiti Arabic, Bulgarian, Canadian English, Farsi, Canadian French, German, Greek, Icelandic, Japanese, Mandarin, Polish, European Portuguese, Slovenian, Granada Spanish, Swedish). Utilising a constraints-based nonlinear phonological framework, each profile describes a child’s strengths and needs in word structure, segments, features and their interactions and suggests an intervention plan. Where available, follow-up data from after clinical intervention are included. This introductory paper provides the theoretical background for the papers and reflects on the findings, drawing out particular themes and implications for phonological and developmental theories and clinical intervention. Video Abstract Read the transcript Watch the video on Vimeo ©2022 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
Incidence and risk factors for secondary failure after acute obstetric sphincter injury repair – an audit of 239 women

The rate of secondary failure after obstetric sphincter injury repair is unknown, with the literature reporting rates ranging from 0.1% to 53%. We aimed to perform an audit to identify the rate and risk factors for failure of sphincter repair in a cohort of postpartum women using endoanal ultrasound (EAUS) and manometry, assessing the risk factors and impact of these events.
Sensitivity of the SNNOOP10 list in the high-risk secondary headache detection

Aim To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the SNNOOP10 list in the detection of high-risk headaches. Methods Patients that visited the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (Madrid) emergency department due to headache that were allocated to a Manchester Triage System level between critical and urgent were prospectively included but retrospectively analysed. A researcher blind to the patients’ diagnosis administered a standardised questionnaire and afterwards a neurologist blind to the questionnaire results diagnosed the patient according to the International Classification of Headache Disorders. The primary endpoint was to assess the sensitivity of the SNNOOP10 list in the detection of high-risk headaches. Secondary endpoints included the evaluation of the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and area under the curve of each SNNOOP10 item. Results Between April 2015 and October 2021, 100 patients were included. Patients were 44 years old (inter-quartile range: 33.6–64.7) and 57% were female. We identified 37 different diagnoses. Final diagnosis was a primary headache in 33%, secondary headache in 65% and cranial neuralgia in 2%. There were 46 patients that were considered as having high-risk headache. Patients from the primary headache group were younger and more frequently female. Sensitivity of SNNOOP10 list was 100% (95% confidence interval: 90.2%–100%). The items with higher sensitivity were neurologic deficit or disfunction (75.5%), pattern change or recent onset of the headache (64.4%), onset after 50 years (64.4%). The most specific items were posttraumatic onset of headache (94.5%), neoplasm in history (89.1%) and systemic symptoms (89%). The area under the curve of the SNNOOP10 list was 0.66 (95% CI: 0.55–0.76). Conclusion The red flags from the SNNOOP10 list showed a 100% sensitivity in the detection of high-risk headache disorders.
Inflammatory pathways in heart failure with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction: implications for future interventions

Abstract Many patients with symptoms and signs of heart failure have a left ventricular ejection fraction ≥50%, termed heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). HFpEF is a heterogeneous syndrome mainly affecting older people who have many other cardiac and non-cardiac conditions that often cast doubt on the origin of symptoms, such as breathlessness, or signs, such as peripheral oedema, rendering them neither sensitive nor specific to the diagnosis of HFpEF. Currently, management of HFpEF is mainly directed at controlling symptoms and treating comorbid conditions such as hypertension, atrial fibrillation, anaemia, and coronary artery disease. HFpEF is also characterized by a persistent increase in inflammatory biomarkers. Inflammation may be a key driver of the development and progression of HFpEF and many of its associated comorbidities. Detailed characterization of specific inflammatory pathways may provide insights into the pathophysiology of HFpEF and guide its future management. There is growing interest in novel therapies specifically designed to target deregulated inflammation in many therapeutic areas, including cardiovascular disease. However, large-scale clinical trials investigating the effectiveness of anti-inflammatory treatments in HFpEF are still lacking. In this manuscript, we review the role of inflammation in HFpEF and the possible implications for future trials.
Notch signaling promotes mature T-cell lymphomagenesis.

Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCL) are agressive lymphomas that develop from mature T cells. The most common PTCLs are genetically, molecularly, and clinically diverse and are generally associated with dismal outcomes. While Notch signaling plays a critically important role in both the development of immature T cells and their malignant transformation, its role in PTCL is poorly understood, despite the increasingly appreciated function of Notch in regulating the proliferation and differentiation of mature T cells. Here, we demonstrate that Notch receptors and their Delta-like family ligands (DLL1/DLL4) play a pathogenic role in PTCL. Notch1 activation was observed in common PTCL subtypes, including PTCL-NOS. In a large cohort of PTCL-NOS biopsies, Notch1 activation was significantly associated with surrogate markers of proliferation. Complementary genetically-engineered mouse models and spontaneous PTCL models were utilized to functionally examine the role of Notch signaling, and Notch1/Notch2 blockade and pan-Notch blockade using dominant negative MAML significantly impaired the proliferation of malignant T cells and PTCL progression in these models. Treatment with DLL1/DLL4 blocking antibodies established that Notch signaling is ligand dependent. Together, these findings reveal a role for ligand-dependent Notch signaling in driving peripheral T-cell lymphomagenesis.
TUBERCULOSIS ASSOCIATED CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD)

: Objectives: Reviewed the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, mechanisms, and treatment of tuberculosis associated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Data source: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and the CINAHL. We used the following search terms: Tuberculosis, COPD, and Tuberculosis associated COPD, and so forth. All types of study were chosen. Result and Conclusion: Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) and tuberculosis (TB) are serious public health issues and are the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide significantly in developing countries. Even though, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) and tuberculosis (TB) both have common risk factors such as smoking, low socioeconomic status and dysregulation of host defense functions. Previous history of pulmonary TB as a risk factor of chronic airway tract obstruction has been described in numerous studies, which may progress throughout the development of tuberculosis or after completion of TB treatment and management. To reduce the future burden of chronic airflow obstruction early diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis should be emphasized.
Effect of Music in Reducing Pain during Hemodialysis Access Cannulation

Visual Abstract Background and objectives Pain during cannulation for vascular access is a considerable problem for patients with kidney disease who are undergoing hemodialysis. We examined whether listening to music can reduce cannulation pain in these patients. Design, setting, participants, & measurements We conducted a multicenter, single-blind, crossover, randomized trial of 121 patients who reported pain during cannulation for hemodialysis. We compared participants listening to “Sonata for Two Pianos in D Major, K.448” or white noise as control while undergoing the cannulation procedure. The cannulation operator was blinded to the intervention, and the hypothesized superiority of music over white noise was concealed during explanations to the participants. The primary end point was the visual analog scale score for cannulation pain independently evaluated by participants. Results The primary analysis was on the basis of the modified intention-to-treat principle. The median baseline visual analog scale pain score was 24.7 mm (interquartile range, 16.5–42.3). Median change of the visual analog scale pain score from the “no sound” to the music period was −2.7 mm (interquartile range, −9.2 to 3.6), whereas it was −0.3 mm (interquartile range, −5.8 to 4.5) from “no sound” to white noise. The visual analog scale pain score decreased when listening to music compared with white noise. (Adjusted difference of visual analog scale pain score: −12%; 95% confidence interval, −21 to −2; P=0.02.) There were no significant differences in the secondary outcomes of anxiety, BP, or stress assessed by salivary amylase (adjusted difference of visual analog scale anxiety score −8%, 95% confidence interval, −18 to 4; P=0.17). No intervention-related adverse events were reported. Conclusions Listening to music reduced cannulation pain in patients on hemodialysis, although there was no significant effect on anxiety, BP, or stress markers.