Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Luminal Ca 2 (cid:1) Controls Termination and Refractory Behavior of Ca 2 (cid:1) -Induced Ca 2 (cid:1) Release in Cardiac Myocytes Cellular Biology

—Despite extensive research, the mechanisms responsible for the graded nature and early termination of Ca 2 (cid:1) -induced Ca 2 (cid:1) release (CICR) from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) in cardiac muscle remain poorly understood. Suggested mechanisms include cytosolic Ca 2 (cid:1) -dependent inactivation/adaptation and luminal Ca 2 (cid:1) -dependent deactiv-tion of the SR Ca 2 (cid:1) release channels/ryanodine receptors (RyRs). To explore the importance of cytosolic versus luminal Ca 2 (cid:1) regulatory mechanisms in controlling CICR, we assessed the impact of intra-SR Ca 2 (cid:1) buffering on global and local Ca 2 (cid:1) release properties of patch-clamped or permeabilized rat ventricular myocytes. Exogenous, low-affinity Ca 2 (cid:1) buffers (5 to 20 mmol/L ADA, citrate or maleate) were introduced into the SR by exposing the cells to “internal” solutions containing the buffers. Enhanced Ca 2 (cid:1) buffering in the SR was confirmed by an increase in the total SR Ca 2 (cid:1) content, as revealed by application of caffeine. At the whole-cell level, intra-SR [Ca 2 (cid:1) ] buffering dramatically increased the magnitude of Ca 2 (cid:1) transients induced by I Ca and deranged the smoothly graded I Ca -SR Ca 2 (cid:1) release relationship. The amplitude and time-to-peak of local Ca 2 (cid:1) release events, Ca 2 (cid:1) sparks, as well as the duration of local Ca 2 (cid:1) release fluxes underlying sparks were increased up to 2- to 3-fold. The exogenous Ca 2 (cid:1) buffers in the SR also reduced the frequency of repetitive activity observed at individual release sites in the presence of the RyR activator Imperatoxin A. We conclude that regulation of RyR openings by local intra-SR [Ca 2 (cid:1) ] is responsible for termination of CICR and for the subsequent restitution behavior of Ca 2 (cid:1) release sites in cardiac muscle. ( Circ Res . 2002;91:414-420.) interfaced to an Olympus IX-70 inverted microscope) with an Olympus 60 (cid:6) 1.4 NA oil objective. 16 Fluo-3 was excited by light at 488 nm, and the fluorescence was acquired at wavelengths of (cid:7) 515 nm in the line-scan mode of the confocal system at rate of 2.0 ms per scan. Ca 2 (cid:1) spark parameters were quantified using a detection/analysis computer algorithm. 7 All chemicals unless specified otherwise were from Sigma. The local changes in cytosolic and luminal [Ca 2 (cid:1) ] were simulated using a multicompartmental diffusion-reaction model of Ca 2 (cid:1) dynamics in the cytosolic and SR compartments. A detailed description of the model can be found in the online data supplement available at http://www.circresaha. org.
Role of Counseling on Victims of Domestic Violence Suffering from Depression and Suicidal Ideation

Background: Domestic violence if considered a disease would be declared a national epidemic based on the magnitude of its incidence. Among the sevenfold fatal consequences depression and low self-esteem are typical by-product of domestic violence which can lead to suicidal ideation which is an indicator of people reporting suicidal thoughts, suicidal attempt or commits suicide. Aim: The study aims at improving the capacity to enhance positive self-image and to improve their psychological well-being. Methodology: It was a hospital based study (IGH, Rourkela). By using purposive sampling technique a total of 20 female participants were selected, further participants were divided equally into control and experimental groups. Tools used were domestic violence scale for screening, Beck Depression Inventory, Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire and PGI Wellbeing Scale. Therapeutic package planned included Baseline assessment; Therapeutic alliance; Catharsis; Dealing with emotions; Learning to generate and formulate alternatives and Enhancing self-efficacy. Result: Obtained result indicates improvement in the group of experimental subjects. They exhibited positive self-image. After counseling sessions they were able to face their fears and gain control as a self-empowering act. Conclusion: The study concludes that once the individuals learn to control their negative emotions like negative self-image their psychological well-being flourished.
Distribution of the Mosaic Structured murM Genes among Natural Populations of Streptococcus pneumoniae

The presence and sequence variation of the murM gene were studied in a large collection (814 strains) of genetically diverse Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates, which included 27 different serogroups and both peni-cillin-resistant (423 isolates, 67 pulsed-ﬁeld gel electrophoretic [PFGE] types) and intermediately penicillin- resistant (165 isolates, 66 PFGE types) and penicillin-susceptible (226 isolates, 135 PFGE types) strains. Diversity of the murM sequences was tested by hybridization with mainly two kinds of probes: one derived from the ampliﬁcation of the nucleotide sequence between nucleotides 201 and 624 in the penicillin-susceptible laboratory strain R36A ( murMA probe) and a second probe that ampliﬁed the comparable, highly divergent sequence in the penicillin-resistant strain Pen6 ( murMB probe). The great majority of the strains (761 of 814), including both penicillin-susceptible and penicillin-resistant isolates, reacted exclusively with the murMA probe. A smaller group of penicillin-resistant strains (48 of 814 isolates) reacted only with the murMB DNA probe, and an additional 5 isolates reacted with both probes. High-pressure liquid chromatography analysis of the peptidoglycan of strains hybridizing with murMB showed that they invariably contained an increased proportion of branched peptides. Complete sequencing of murM from a group
University of Birmingham State building and European integration in Ukraine

: The article analyses the impact on statebuilding as an aspect of Ukraine’s integration with the EU. The Euromaidan had a profound, yet hardly recognized, effect on EU-Ukraine relations, particularly in terms of the EU’s subsequent support of domestic reforms in Ukraine. Following the Euromaidan, the EU supported Ukraine’s aspirations to enter “economic integration and political association” by concluding an Association Agreement – an agreement which exceeded the capacity of the Ukrainian state to implement it. To increase this capacity, the EU has supported reform of public administration and has provided far-reaching assistance on capacity building in the government. This article posits that since 2014 European integration has become tantamount with (re)building the state structures in Ukraine. Therefore, the significance of European integration for Ukraine goes beyond the implementation of the Association Agreement and extends to root-and-branch reform of Ukrainian state structures.
Comparative study of quality of life and coping strategies in family of patients with major depression and bipolar disorder and in families without mental patient

Introduction: Evidence-based nursing and self-efficacy are significant factors behind quality care delivery in critical care units. Aim: This study aimed to assess the effects of an evidence-based nursing training workshop on critical care nurses’ self-efficacy. Methods: This two-group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental study was undertaken in 2016 in two large-scale hospitals in Tehran, Iran. The participating nurses from one hospital were purposefully allocated to the intervention group and the other hospital’s participants comprised the control group. A convenience sample of 45 nurses was selected from each hospital. For nurses in the intervention group, an evidence-based nursing training workshop was held in four two-hour sessions on two successive days, while the nurses in the control group received no specific evidence-based nursing training. Findings: After the intervention, these values increased to 51.1 ± 2.49 and 61.6 ± 2.05, respectively. The increase in the intervention group was statistically significant (P = 0.001), while the increase in the control group was insignificant (P = 0.06). Thus, the posttest mean score of self-efficacy in the intervention group was significantly greater than the control group. Conclusion: Evidence-based nursing training significantly improves the nurses’ self-efficacy. Therefore, healthcare policy-makers and authorities are recommended to provide nurses with in-service and evidence-based nursing training programs.
Proﬁciency Analysis of Drug Susceptibility Testing by National-Level Tuberculosis Reference Laboratories from 1995 to 2003 (cid:1)

A proﬁciency review of antituberculous drug susceptibility testing (DST) was undertaken by the regional tuberculosis reference laboratories of the Western Paciﬁc Region of WHO to evaluate the performance of national reference laboratories (NRLs) and to ensure that the results from the participating laboratories are reliable and similar. A panel of 30 Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains with various patterns of resistance to isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol, and streptomycin was sent to the NRLs, and their DST results were analyzed by comparing them with the judicial results. The efﬁciency scores for each drug were 90 to 99% (mean, 95%) for isoniazid, 77 to 100% (mean, 94%) for rifampin, 82 to 97% (mean, 90%) for ethambutol, and 82 to 98% (mean, 89%) for streptomycin. Signiﬁcant changes over time in the rates of accordance with the judicial results were observed for rifampin ( P < 0.0001) and streptomycin ( P (cid:1) 0.0002), whereas no changes were observed for ethambutol ( P (cid:1) 0.0880). The efﬁciency score for
Sleep Disorders; Severity and Factors Associated with it Among End Stage Renal Disease Patients Attending Al-Yarmook Dialysis Centre, Baghdad, Iraq

End stage renal disease (ESRD) could affect many aspects of patient’s life including sleep quality. Severe sleep disorders if not detected and managed properly, may in turn exacerbate the patient’s condition and increase the mortality rate. Determining the sleep disorders rate, and to assess the severity of sleepiness among ESRD patients is an important issue. A cross-sectional study was conducted in renal dialysis unit at Al-Yarmook Teaching Hospital, in Baghdad, during a five months period. A sample of 150 ESRD patients with undergoing haemodialysis (HD) was collected. Face to face interview was carried-out with each participant, using a reliable and validated questionnaire. This questionnaire containing a nine-item -specific for sleep disorder scale, and eight items that reflect the presence and severity of a sleep disorder using the 24-score Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS). Beside that the socio demographic information was included. The prevalence of sleep disorder was 78.66%. About 30% had moderate to severe sleep disorder, 46% had mild sleep disorders while 24% of patients were normal. Three factors were found to be significantly increasing the risk of sleep disorders. Those were: old age ≥ 50 years (OR = 2.24 95% CI 1.04-4.82), single marital status (OR= 2.81, 95% CI 1.08-7.31), and presence of comorbidity, represented by type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) (OR= 4.04, 95% CI 1.06-15.35) or both DM, and hypertension (OR = 3.23, 95% CI 1.15-9.09). Sleep disorders are very common among patients with ESRD undergoing HD. Old ages (50 years or over) single patients, and the presence of chronic comorbidity, especially DM, are independent risk factors for developing sleep disorders among HD patients.
Origin and evolution of carbonatite magmas

Inroduction Nowadays, genetic discussions focus mainly on the sources and mechanisms of formation of carbonatite melts, their initial composition, and character of transformation during crystallization. There are three most popular concepts on the sources and mechanisms of carbonatite melt formation: (a) carbonatite melts are formed in the mantle as primary segregations of interstitial liquid, (b) carbonatite melts appear owing to liquid immiscibility in a parental deeply derived nephelinite or melilitite magma during its hightemperature evolution, and (c) carbonatite melts are residual low-temperature products of the crustal differentiation and fractionation of alkaline magmas.
A hierarchy of ECM-mediated signaling tissue-specific gene expression regulates tissue-specific gene expression

A dynamic and reciprocal flow of information between cells and the extracellular matrix contributes significantly to the regulation of form and function in developing systems. Signals generated by the extracellular matrix do not act in isolation. Instead, they are processed within the context of global signalling hierarchies whose constituent inputs and outputs are constantly modulated by all the factors present in the cell’s surrounding microenvironment. This is particularly evident in the mammary gland, where the construction and subsequent destruction of such a hierarchy regulates changes in tissue-specific gene expression, morphogenesis and apoptosis during each developmental cycle of pregnancy, lactation and involution.
Literature Review on Fingerprint Level 1 and Level 2 Features Enhancement to Improve Quality of Image

Biometrics is the one most popular property in human distinguishing proof based on physical or behavioral features. The different physiological characteristics are Fingerprint, DNA, Face, hand, retina, ear features, and odor, where as behavioral characteristics or features are typing rhythm, gait, gesture, and voice with the basic premise that all are unique and all human beings are identified by these intrinsic traits. In the physiological traits, Fingerprint is most commonly utilized the biometric feature in diverse fields for identification and verification purpose. Fingerprint features can be separated into three noteworthy classifications in view of the granularity at which they are removed as level 1, level 2, and level 3 features. Level 1 feature contains macro details, which are easily extractable and include orientation filed, ridge frequency filed and pattern configuration. Only these global features or Level 1 features are not sufficient to uniquely identify or recognize, but if these features are used along with level 2 or level 3 features, that can make the fingerprint recognition system more robust and secure. Level1 features are used for image enhancement and orientation purpose. In this paper, we made a survey of existing literature on Level 1 features and try to analyze other researcher's contribution to this field.
161 Iris Pigment Epithelium Expressing CD86 (B7-2) Directly Suppresses T Cell Activation In Vitro via Binding to Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte–associated Antigen

02114 Abstract A monolayer of pigment epithelium (PE) lines the iris PE (IPE), ciliary body PE, and retina PE of the inner eye, an immune-privileged site. These neural crest-derived epithelial cells partici-pate in ocular immune privilege through poorly defined molecular mechanisms. Murine PE cells cultured from different ocular tissues suppress T cell activation by differing mechanisms. In particular, IPE cells suppress primarily via direct cell to cell contact. By examining surface expression of numerous candidate molecules (tumor necrosis factor receptor [TNFR]1, TNFR2, CD36, CD40, CD47, CD80, CD86, PD-L1, CD95 ligand, and type I interferon receptor), we report that IPE cells uniquely express on their surface the costimulatory molecule CD86. When IPE were blocked with anti-CD86 or were derived from CD80/CD86 (but not CD80) knockout (KO) mice, the cells displayed reduced capacity to suppress T cell activation. IPE also failed to suppress activation of T cells in the presence of cytotoxic T lymphocyte–associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) immunoglobulin or if the T cells were obtained from CTLA-4 (but not CD28) KO mice. We conclude that iris pigment epithelial cells constitutively express cell surface CD86, which enables the cells to contact inhibit T cells via direct interaction with CTLA-4. Thus, ocular immune privilege is achieved in part by subversion of molecules that are usually used for conventional immune
INVESTIGATION OF MANIFOLDS AND OPTIMIZED TRAJECTORIES IN THE THREE-BODY PROBLEM

Title of Thesis: INVESTIGATION OF MANIFOLDS AND OPTIMIZED TRAJECTORIES IN THE THREE-BODY PROBLEM Raquel L. Jarabek, M.S., 2004 Thesis Directed By: Assistant Professor Benjamin Shapiro Department of Aerospace Engineering Manifolds and optimal control were used to better understand trajectories in the circular restricted three-body problem (CR3BP). CR3BP equations were used to generate two-dimensional stable and unstable manifolds. Optimized trajectory solutions were found using the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation applied to the third body traveling from L1 toward m2. Three sets of optimal trajectories with various fixed final positions were compared to the L1 manifold. The cases with final positions closest to the manifold remained close and had lower costs. Trajectories with low time allowances took more direct paths to their final positions, leaving the manifold and resulting in higher costs. Large time allowances caused increased trajectory length and early departure from the manifold, resulting in increased cost. For the intermediate time constrained cases, the trajectories stay longer on the manifold and cost less. From this investigation, optimized trajectories were shown to use manifolds when finding the optimal trajectory in the CR3BP. INVESTIGATION OF MANIFOLDS AND OPTIMIZED TRAJECTORIES IN THE THREE-BODY PROBLEM
PROGRAMMED INSTRUCTION AS A MEANS OF ESTABLISHING "ERRORLESS" LEARNING WITH KINDERGARTEN LEVEL CHILDREN

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of errorless discrimination training in teaching young retarded children to pair a given letter symbol with a specific sound. A secondary objective was to determine the extent to which the letter-sound discrimination would generalize to the skill areas of omitting the desired sound when shown the letter, and of constructing the letter when the appropriate sound was presented. Subjects were'4 mentally retarded males in primary and intermediate special aid classes who were chosen because of their lack of knowledge of the sounds of letters. Subjects performed on teaching machines for 15 minutes on each of 14 consecutive school days. Each subject was alternately exposed to each of two stimulus methods. Each method provided discrimination training of letter sounds and symbols for 13 of the 26 letters in the alphabet. Preand post-test data showed that errorless form discrimination training was as effective as customary trial-and-error discrimination training in producing gains. However, the errorless method differed in respect to daily performance, for it generally resulted in a higher percentage of correct responses made in less time than did the trial-and-error method. The letter-sound associations which were mastered did not often generalize to related verbal skills. (Author/DR) U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH. EDUCATION & WELFARE OFFICE OF EDUCATION THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRODUCED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED FROM THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIGINATING IT. POINTS OF VIEW OR OPINIONS STATED DO NOT NECESSARILY REPRESENT OFFICIAL OFFICE OF EOUCATION POSITION OR POLICY.
CONTENT DOWNLOADING IN VEHICULAR NETWORK: INCREASING PERFORMANCE BY MAXIMIZING THROUGHPUT

-In this paper we describe about the vehicular network, in which vehicles and Road Side Units (RSU) are the communicating nodes. Here we consider a system where users aboard communication enabled vehicles which are interested in downloading various data services from internet based servers. This process observes many of the infotainment services that vehicular communication is envisioned to enable, like information of nearby vehicles to avoid accidents, to identify the name of the present location through search engines, software updating, radio services etc. Aim of this paper is to model the process so as to optimize the performance limits of the vehicular downloading system and maximize system throughput. For this purpose this paper allows investigating impact of various factors, like road side infrastructure deployment, the vehicle-to-vehicle relaying and penetration rate of the communication technology, in the existence of two operational regimes at various penetration rates the importance of an efficient, yet 2-hop constrained, vehicle -to- vehicle relaying.
OTT_A_229076 5323..5335

Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China Background: Triple-negative breast cancer has become an intricate part and hotspot in the clinical and experimental research. Connexins, serving as functional proteins in gap junctions, play an important role in tumorigenesis, cell proliferation and metastasis. Methods: We constructed and employed the Connexin 43 (Cx43) overexpression lentiviral vectors and Cx43 siRNA in paclitaxel-treated MDA-MB-231 cells. We performed the experiments of clonal formation and flow cytometry to gauge the effect of paclitaxel on cellular behaviors and immunofluorescence and subsequent quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot to examine the expression of genes and corresponding proteins. Experiments of scrape loading/dye transfer were utilized to explore the gap junctions. The targets of Cx43 were identified via the experiments of co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP), GST pull-down assays and proximal ligation assay (PLA). Results: The results showed that Cx43 hindered cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis in the paclitaxel-treated MDA-MB-231 cells. Overexpressed Cx43 suppressed the expression of resistance genes such as BRCP, Txr-1, α-tubulin and β-tubulin and promoted the expression of apoptosis gene as TSP-1 and Bcl-2. Cx43 was also positively related to ITGα9 and negatively related to ITGαV and ITGα11. The gap junctions altered magnificently under different expressions of Cx43, which indicated that Cx43 could promote the number of intercellular gap junctions. The immunofluorescent experiment revealed that both of Cx43 and β-tubulin were mainly localized in the cytoplasm. The assays of Co-IP and GST pull-down demonstrated that there existed a direct interaction between Cx43 and β-tubulin. Furthermore, the result of PLA also showed that Cx43 interacts with β-tubulin in MDA-MB-231 cells. Conclusion: Overexpression of Cx43 could modulate the cellular resistance to paclitaxel via targeting β-tubulin in triple-negative breast cancer.