Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On fermionic Novikov algebras

Novikov algebras were introduced in connection with the Poisson brackets of hydrodynamic type and Hamiltonian operators in formal variational calculus. They are a class of left-symmetric algebras with commutative right multiplication operators, which can be viewed as bosonic. Fermionic Novikov algebras are a class of left-symmetric algebras with anti-commutative right multiplication operators. They correspond to a certain Hamiltonian superoperator in a supervariable. In this paper, we commence a study on fermionic Novikov algebras from the algebraic point of view. We will show that any fermionic Novikov algebra in dimension ≤3 must be bosonic. Moreover, we give the classification of real fermionic Novikov algebras on four-dimensional nilpotent Lie algebras and some examples in higher dimensions. As a corollary, we obtain kinds of four-dimensional real fermionic Novikov algebras which are not bosonic. All of these examples will serve as a guide for further development including the application in physics.
Providing New Insights on the Molecular Properties and Thermal Stability of Ovotransferrin and Lactoferrin

Ovotransferrin (OVT) is a multi-functional protein showing over 50% homology with Bovine lactoferrin (BLF) and human lactoferrin (HLF), which have the potential to be a substitute for lactoferrin (LF) due to the limited production of LF. To explore the substitutability of OVT, the molecular properties and thermal stability of OVT, BLF and HLF were characterized because these properties will affect the processing quality and biological activities of protein products when exposed to different processing conditions (e.g., temperature, pH, ion strength). The results showed that although obviously different isoelectric point (5.31, 9.12 and 8.75 for OVT, BLF and HLF, respectively), particle size distribution and hydrophobicity were found, they exhibited good dispersity because of high potential value. They showed an endothermic peak at 80.64 °C, 65.71 °C and 90.01 °C, respectively, and the denaturation temperature varied at different pH and ionic strength. OVT and BLF were more susceptible to heating at pH 5.0 as reflected by the decline of denaturation temperature (21.78 °C shift for OVT and 5.81 °C shift for BLF), while HLF could remain stable. Compared with BLF, OVT showed higher secondary structure stability at pH 7.0 and 9.0 with heating. For example, the α-helix content of OVT changed from 20.35% to 15.4% at pH 7.0 after heating, while that of BLF changed from 20.05% to 6.65%. The increase on fluorescence intensity and redshifts on the maximum wavelength after heating indicated the changes of tertiary structure of them. The turbidity measurements showed that the thermal aggregation degree of OVT was lower than BLF and HLF at pH 7.0 (30.98%, 59.53% and 35.66%, respectively) and pH 9.0 (4.83%, 12.80% and 39.87%, respectively). This work demonstrated the similar molecular properties and comparable thermal stability of OVT to BLF and HLF, which can offer a useful reference for the substitute of LF by OVT.
The Quality of Life and Perceived Human–Wildlife Conflicts among Forest Communities around the Mountain Gorilla’s Virunga Landscape in Africa

This article examines the relationships between human perceptions of conflict with wildlife and satisfaction with the quality of life in the Virunga landscape in Africa where mountain gorillas live. In addition, it explores how determinants of quality of life may indirectly influence the perceptions of conflict between people and wildlife. Using the bottom-up spillover theory of life satisfaction, it is hypothesized that quality of life is determined by access to critical livelihood resources, such as food, healthcare, and income. Furthermore, socio-psychological conditions, such as emotional and psychological strength, may mediate the relationship between access to resources and quality of life. This study revealed that life satisfaction positively predicts perceptions of conflict between humans and wildlife. The findings also indicated that health and psychological conditions were the strongest predictors of life satisfaction compared to food and financial security. However, the findings revealed variations by country. For example, food security predicts life satisfaction in Rwanda but not in Uganda. Health security predicts emotional wellbeing in Rwanda but not in Uganda. These results indicate that the nature of the relationship between wellbeing indicators and perceived human–wildlife conflict is likely country-specific. Therefore, efforts to strengthen the quality of life to indirectly advance wildlife conservation goals may need to be different in Uganda and Rwanda. The findings also suggest that investing in improving the quality of life of forest communities may incentivize increased perceptions of human–wildlife conflict. This is likely a result of pervasive consequences of increased funding for community development programs to incentivize conservation, which risks associating conflict with funding. Additional implications for practice and research are discussed in the paper.
Bacteriocin-Nanoconjugates (Bac10307-AgNPs) Biosynthesized from Lactobacillus acidophilus-Derived Bacteriocins Exhibit Enhanced and Promising Biological Activities

The proteinaceous compounds produced by lactic acid bacteria are called bacteriocins and have a wide variety of bioactive properties. However, bacteriocin’s commercial availability is limited due to short stability periods and low yields. Therefore, the objective of this study was to synthesize bacteriocin-derived silver nanoparticles (Bac10307-AgNPs) extracted from Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus), which may have the potential to increase the bioactivity of bacteriocins and overcome the hurdles. It was found that extracted and purified Bac10307 had a broad range of stability for both temperature (20–100 °C) and pH (3–12). Further, based on Sodium dodecyl-sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS–PAGE) analysis, its molecular weight was estimated to be 4.2 kDa. The synthesized Bac10307-AgNPs showed a peak of surface plasmon resonance at 430 nm λmax. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) confirmed the presence of biological moieties, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) coupled with Energy dispersive X-Ray (EDX) confirmed that AgNPs were spherical and irregularly shaped, with a size range of 9–20 nm. As a result, the Bac10307-AgNPs displayed very strong antibacterial activity with MIC values as low as 8 μg/mL for Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), when compared to Bac10307 alone. In addition, Bac10307-AgNPs demonstrated promising in vitro antioxidant activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) (IC50 = 116.04 μg/mL) and in vitro cytotoxicity against human liver cancer cells (HepG2) (IC50 = 135.63 μg/mL), more than Bac10307 alone (IC50 = 139.82 μg/mL against DPPH and 158.20 μg/mL against HepG2). Furthermore, a protein–protein molecular docking simulation study of bacteriocins with target proteins of different biological functions was also carried out in order to ascertain the interactions between bacteriocins and target proteins.
Fluid Dynamics of Urban Atmospheres in Complex Terrain

A majority of the world's urban centers are located in complex terrain, in which local airflow patterns are driven by pressure gradients and thermal forcing, while being strongly influenced by topographic effects and human (anthropogenic) activities. A paradigm in this context is a city located in a valley surrounded by mountains, slopes, and escarpments, in which the airflow is determined by terrain-induced perturbations to synoptic (background) flow, mesoscale thermal circulation (valley/slope flows) generated by local heating or cooling, and by their interaction with factitious (e.g., buildings and roads) and natural (e.g., vegetation and terrain) elements. The dynamics of airflows intrinsic to urban areas in complex terrain is reviewed here by employing idealized flow configurations to illustrate fundamental processes. Urban flows span a wide range of space and time scales and the emphasis here is on mesoscales (1–100 km). Basic fluid dynamics plays a central role in explaining observations of urban f.
Low-cost thin film patch antennas and antenna arrays with various background wall materials for indoor wireless communications

The present study introduces an inkjet-printed flexible coplanar waveguide patch antenna array concept. Single antenna and four-element antenna arrays were characterized, which were attached to a subminiature version A connector via an innovative solderless, 3D-printed ‘plug-and-play-type’ tightener. Furthermore, indoor wireless communication and Internet of Things scenarios with commonly used wall materials including gypsum and plywood boards, on which patch antennas and antenna arrays can be attached, were also presented. In order to validate the concept, design and fabrication iterations in parallel with numerical and experimental investigations were executed. To elaborate, single antenna and antenna array configurations without and with wall materials were characterized to see their functionality at 2.4 GHz resonance frequency and beyond 300 MHz bandwidth, respectively. The results demonstrate that the investigated configurations fulfill short-range radio transmission and can be utilized, e.g., for indoor backscattering-type communications and wireless sensing applications, as an affordable and versatile alternative to their conventional counterparts. Being attached to their corresponding background materials, single-antenna specimens were measured to have return losses beyond 18 dB and peak gains around 1 dBi, while higher peak gains above 6 dBi were detected for antenna arrays. Moreover, the antenna arrays can enable multiple-input and multiple-output communication. The proposed arrays had diversity performance in terms of return losses higher than 15 dB, isolation of more than 20 dB, envelope correlation coefficient <0.001 , diversity gain >9.95 dB, mean effective gain <−3 dB, power ratio factor <0.5 dB, and channel capacity loss <0.4 bits/s/Hz.
Degradable Self‐healable Networks for Use in Biomedical Applications

Among biomaterials, 3D networks with capacities to absorb and retain large quantities of water (hydrogels) or withstand significant deformation and stress while recovering their initial structures at rest (elastomers) are largely used in biomedical applications. However, when damaged, they cannot recover their initial structures and properties. To overcome this limitation and satisfy the requirements of the biomedical field, self‐healable hydrogels and elastomers designed using (bio)degradable or bioeliminable polymer chains have been developed and are becoming increasingly popular. This review presents the latest advances in the field of self‐healing degradable/bioeliminable networks designed for use in health applications. The strategies used to develop such networks based on reversible covalent or physical cross‐linking or their combination via dual/multi‐cross‐linking approaches are analyzed in detail. The key parameters of these hydrogels and elastomers, such as mechanical properties, repair and degradation times, and healing efficiencies, are critically considered in terms of their suitabilities in biomedical applications. Finally, their current and prospective uses as biomaterials in the fields of tissue engineering, drug/cell delivery, and medical devices are presented, followed by the remaining challenges faced to ensure the further success of degradable self‐healable networks.
Review of Publically Available Health Big Data Sets

There is a growing interest in using public data for open government policy involving health informatics and healthcare systems. This paper investigated the characteristics of publically available data sets in health informatics that were derived from electronic health records (EHRs), healthcare systems, and a variety of open-government libraries, data marts, or data catalogues.Data used in this study consisted of public data sets that did not require any registration to access online. In total, nine web-based platforms on the Internet were used that included: British Columbia (BC) Data Catalogue, Canadian Institute for Health Information (CIHI), Harvard Dataverse, MIMIC-eICU, FigShare, GitHub, Google Dataset, UCI Machine Learning Repository, and Zenodo. Our initial search across these platforms found over 10,000 public use files that had data sets related to health informatics.We found 558 data sets that matched search criterion that ranged from years 2013-2022. The data source types were mostly found using the health informatics search filters followed by the combination of health informatics and healthcare systems, but fewer data sets were found when using EHR as the criterion. Almost 85% of the total data sets were from 2020-2022. The range of data sizes were 11KB to 7.8MB. The eICU (hosted by MIT’s MIMIC data mart) platform had the largest data set followed by Zenodo, and GitHub. Additionally, any bioinformatics in the 558 data sets were excluded and further classification on the content and usability, and dashboard visualization towards experiential learning resulted in 117 data sets.Of these 117 data sets, we further tested their usability to graph and create a dashboard within 2-5 minutes of loading the data to Tableau© that then used a Data Usability Scale (DUS) scoring developed from the industry standard of System Usability Scale (SUS). Data were deemed usable and useful for >60% average DUS scoring. Finally, 25 sets of data could be used effectively in classroom exercises dealing with electronic records and decision support for health care. Best data for dashboard usability were from MIMIC-eICU, and other websites like Zenodo produced low to high usability. The data sets with low to poor usability were from FigShare, Dataverse, CIHI, and BC Data Catalogue, respectively.Overall, 25 data sets with high usability of data related health informatics and healthcare systems showed 60-85% usability. Moreover, all nine platforms showed ease-of-use search patterns to establish the criteria in a short amount of time. However, more investigation is needed to compare data-to-dashboard visualization for single to multiple files for experiential learning in health informatics.
For Security and Higher Spectrum Efficiency: A Variable Packing Ratio Transmission System Based on Faster-Than-Nyquist and Deep Learning

With the rapid development of various services in wireless communications, spectrum resource has become increasingly valuable. Faster than Nyquist (FTN) signaling, proposed in the 1970s, is a promising paradigm for improving spectrum utilization. This paper proposes the variable-packing-ratio (VPR)-based transmissions for high spectrum efficiency (SE) and security, respectively. Aided by deep learning (DL)-based estimation, the proposed scheme for high SE can achieve a higher capacity than the conventional Nyquist-criterion transmission with negligible modification to existing communication paradigms (e.g., spectrum allocation or frame structure). More importantly, for VPR-based secure transmission, a dynamic generation scheme is proposed to produce randomly distributed positions to switch the packing ratio, which can effectively avoid detections and attacks. In addition, we propose a simplified DL-based packing ratio estimation for both of these two scenarios so that the receiver can estimate the packing ratio without any in-band or out-band control messages. Simulation results show that the proposed simplified estimation achieves nearly the same accuracy and convergence speed as the original multi-branch fully-connected structure with a complexity reduction of 20 folds. Finally, we derive the SE of the proposed VPR transmission under different channels. The numerical results validate the correctness of the derivation and demonstrate the SE gains of the VPR scheme beyond conventional Nyquist transmission.
Identifying Extreme Regimes in Climate-Scale Digital Twins: a Roadmap

Digital twins relevant for the climate sector are complex, coupled, multi-scale models, which often entail real-world data assimilated onto physical equations. Classifying the predictions of these models, and in particular identifying any rare or atypical outcome, is a formidable challenge which needs to be overcome if digital twins are to achieve their full predictive potential. Here I outline the technical details connected to this challenge and discuss a possible direction forward.
Targeting the Retinoic Acid Pathway to Eradicate Cancer Stem Cells

All-trans retinoic acid is a morphogen during embryogenesis and a teratogen. Cancer is an error of development, and the retinoic acid receptors (RAR) for all-trans retinoic acid play a role in cancer. Expression of the cytosolic aldehyde dehydrogenases, which mediate the last step to the synthesis of all-trans retinoic acid, is deregulated in various human cancers. Inhibiting these enzymes using a variety of agents reduced the proliferation of lung cancer cells, reduced the proliferation and induced apoptosis of ovarian, prostate, squamous, and uterine cancer cells, and sensitised breast, colorectal and ovarian cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents. RARγ is an oncogene within some cases of AML, cholangiocarcinoma, colorectal cancer, clear cell renal cell carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, prostate cancer, and ovarian cancer. Pan-RAR and RARγ antagonist inhibition of the action of RARγ led to necroptosis of human prostate and pediatric brain tumour cancer stem cells. Treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma cells with the flavenoid acacetin, which interferes with the action of RARγ, decreased cell growth and induced apoptosis. Targeting the retinoic acid pathway is promising regarding the development of new drugs to eradicate cancer stem cells.
Higher order FM mode locking for pulse-repetition-rate enhancement in actively mode-locked lasers: theory and experiment

We present a novel higher order FM mode-locked technique for active mode-locked lasers which utilizes the higher order sidebands generated by an intracavity phase modulator to establish the mode locking. The resulting mode-locked output exhibits an enhancement of the pulse repetition rate over the modulation frequency by an integral multiple. The higher order FM mode locking is studied theoretically in a laser with a homogeneous gain medium, and simple analytical expressions are obtained to characterize the output pulses. It is shown that the scheme not only enhances the pulse repetition rate but also ensures chirp-free pulses and is effective in eliminating the output pulse phase-state instability, which are commonly observed in conventional FM mode-locked lasers. The effect of group velocity dispersion and cavity nonlinearity is also investigated through numerical solution of the self-consistency equation applied to a fiber ring laser. Finally, detailed experimental results on repetition rate enhancement in fiber lasers are presented and shown to be in good agreement with the theoretical results.
On Families of Pointwise Optimal Finite Volume ENO Approximations

The present work is devoted to the construction of radial functions which can serve as recovery functions in essentially nonoscillatory (ENO) approximations of hyperbolic conservation laws on unstructured grids. Conditionally positive $\lambda$-definite radial functions are shown to be pointwise optimal and therefore very well suited for use in finite volume schemes. In the present paper we develop the theory of pointwise optimality and give examples.
Preparation and In Vitro Evaluation of a Gadolinium-Containing Vitamin E TPGS Micelle as a Potential Contrast Agent for MR Imaging

The application of many currently evaluated macromolecular contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been limited because of their bio-incompatibility and toxicity. The aim of this study is to synthesize and characterize a new micelle-based TPGS gadolinium chelate as a biocompatible MRI contrast agent for prolonged blood circulation time and good tumor imaging contrast. The TPGS-gadolinium conjugate was prepared through the conjugation between TPGS-SA and bifunctional L-NETA-Gd chelate. The conjugate was characterized with regard to molecular weight, critical micellar concentration and particle sizes, cellular uptake, and in vitro cell MRI. Distributions of the MRI contrast agent in various organs were determined via intravenous injection of the agent into mice bearing xenograft tumors. The successfully prepared TPGS-L-NETA-Gd micelle exhibited improved cellular uptake in HepG2 cells and xenografts and high in vivo safety. Distributions of TPGS-L-NETA-Gd in mice showed enhanced cellular uptake up to 2 h after the contrast agent injection. Its in vitro and in vivo properties make it a favorable macromolecular MRI contrast agent for future in vivo imaging.
Adaptation of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus CM MSU 529 to Aerobic Growth: A Proteomic Approach

The study describes the effect of aerobic conditions on the proteome of homofermentative lactic acid bacterium Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus CM MSU 529 grown in a batch culture. Aeration caused the induction of the biosynthesis of 43 proteins, while 14 proteins were downregulated as detected by label-free LC-MS/MS. Upregulated proteins are involved in oxygen consumption (Pox, LctO, pyridoxine 5’-phosphate oxidase), xylulose 5-phosphate conversion (Xfp), pyruvate metabolism (PdhD, AlsS, AlsD), reactive oxygen species (ROS) elimination (Tpx, TrxA, Npr), general stress response (GroES, PfpI, universal stress protein, YqiG), antioxidant production (CysK, DkgA), pyrimidine metabolism (CarA, CarB, PyrE, PyrC, PyrB, PyrR), oligopeptide transport and metabolism (OppA, PepO), and maturation and stability of ribosomal subunits (RbfA, VicX). Downregulated proteins participate in ROS defense (AhpC), citrate and pyruvate consumption (CitE, PflB), oxaloacetate production (AvtA), arginine synthesis (ArgG), amino acid transport (GlnQ), and deoxynucleoside biosynthesis (RtpR). The data obtained shed light on mechanisms providing O2-tolerance and adaptation to aerobic conditions in strain CM MSU 529. The biosynthesis of 39 from 57 differentially abundant proteins was shown to be O2-sensitive in lactic acid bacteria for the first time. To our knowledge this is the first study on the impact of aerobic cultivation on the proteome of L. rhamnosus.
Knowledge Graphs of the QAnon Twitter Network

Using Knowledge Graphs to understand noisy naturalistic data has gained significant prominence in recent years. In this paper, we apply Knowledge Graphs to a new dataset of tweets of an ideologically far-right Twitter network by sourcing tweet histories of users who discussed QAnon in the summer of 2018 [1]. We further develop a new method that arms topic models with relational information from Knowledge Graphs and apply the new technique to study this dataset. Our analysis shows that users do not form a monolithic belief or social network, but rather comprise many smaller interlinking communities which discuss unique key political events (e.g., the January 6th Capitol riots).
Evidence for the binary nature of Centaurus X-3 from Uhuru X-ray observations.

Analysis of data spanning a year of observations of the pulsating X-ray source Cen X-3 from Uhuru has revealed the existence of periodic variations in intensity of the source and correlated sinusoidal variations in the period of the 4.8-sec pulsations. We interpret this effect as due to an occulting binary system. The changes in intensity are then due to occultation of the X-ray source by a large massive companion, and the sinusoidal variations in the period of the 4.8-sec pulsations are due to Doppler effect. Physical parameters for the system are derived, and evidence for the existence and nature of an extended atmosphere surrounding the massive occulting object is discussed.