Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
APLIKASI MATERIAL BAMBU SEBAGAI TEMPAT SAMPAH PORTABEL

Material berkelanjutan menjadi salah satu topik yang terus berkembang khususnya dalam bidang teknik sipil. Hal ini dikarenakan beberapa material cepat atau lambat akan segera habis dan seluruh pihak harus siap dengan kondisi tersebut. Oleh karena itu, menemukan suatu material yang mempunyai sifat berkelanjutan adalah menjadi suatu tantangan saat ini. Salah satu material terbarukan yang sangat dekat dengan manusia adalah material bambu. Bambu dapat memenuhi kriteria sebagai salah satu material terbarukan karena memenuhi 12 (dua belas) aspek material berkelanjutan. Pada kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini, material bambu digunakan sebagai salah satu bahan untuk membuat tempat sampah portabel. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah untuk mensosialisasikan material bambu dan lebih mempopulerkan penggunaannya. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini berlokasi di RW 005, Kelurahan Maccini Sombala, Kecamatan Tamalate, Kota Makassar
A Comparative Study on Gradient-Based Approaches for Optical Flow Estimation

The most readily available motion parameter from sequential image is optical flow. Among various optical flow estimation techniques, gradient-based approach is a common technique. This approach is based on the assumption that the brightness of a point in the image remains constant during a short time interval, while the location of that point in the image may change due to motion. This assumption leads to a single local constraint on the optical flow at a certain point in the image. It is, however, ill-posed as the constraint constitutes only one equation of two unknowns, that is, xcomponent and y-component of the flow vector. In order to solve this problem, various methods have been proposed. There are, however, only a few comparative studies from the viewpoint of the application to the specific and practical motion analysis. This paper reviews the gradient-based approaches theoretically and compares their performance empirically from the point of view of application to vehicle motion analysis. The basic methods of gradient-based approach are reviewed as follows: (1) Increase in the number of observation equations: (a) spatial local optimization method, (b) temporal local optimization method, (c) multispectral constraints method, (d) second order derivative method and by their combination; (2) Imposition of a condition: (a) spatial global optimization method, (b) temporal global optimization method and their combination. The result of empirical comparison shows the difficulty of estimation of precise and dense optical flow by ordinary gradient-based approaches, when sequential images are taken at an interval about 1/30 seconds. Hence, it is difficult to analyze vehicle motion by the gradient-based approaches in this case.
The relevance of follow-ups in data collection for the quality assurance system of the Portuguese population and housing census

The operationalization of the Population and Housing Census in Portugal is managed by a hierarchical structure in which Statistics Portugal is at the top and local government institutions at the bottom. When the Census takes place every ten years, local governments are asked to collaborate with Statistics Portugal in the execution and monitoring of the fieldwork operations at the local level. During the Pilot Test stage of the 2011 Census, local governments were asked for additional collaboration: to answer the Perception of Risk survey, whose aim was to gather information to design a quality assurance instrument that could be used to monitor the Census operations. The response rate of the survey was desired to be 100%, however, by the deadline of data collection nearly a quarter of local governments had not responded to the survey and thus a decision was made to make a follow up mailing. In this paper, we examine whether the same conclusions could have been reached from survey without follow ups as with them and evaluate the influence of follow ups on the conception of the quality assurance instrument. Comparison of responses on a set of perception variables revealed that local governments answering previous or after the follow up did not differ. However the configuration of the quality assurance instrument changed when including follow up responses.
Conditions for approaching the origin without intersecting the x-axis in the Lienard plane

We consider the Li\'{e}nard system in the plane and present general assumptions to obtain some new explicit conditions under which this system has or fails to have a positive orbit which starts at a point on the vertical isocline and approaches the origin without intersecting the $x$-axis. This arises naturally in the existence of homoclinic orbits and oscillatory solutions. Our investigation is based on the notion of orthogonal trajectories of orbits of the system.
Factors Affecting Smes Perception of Human Resource Management Practices: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach

Purpose: The purpose of this manuscript is to examine the factors affecting SMEs perception of human resource management practices. Theoretical framework: The conceptual model for this study was developed based on previous research in the field of human resource management globally. The conceptual model has four variables that affects SMEs perception of human resource management practices. Design/methodology/approach: A survey instrument in the form of a structured questionnaire was designed based on a careful review of pertinent literature. This study collected empirical data from 216 Dhaka-based small and medium-sized businesses. PLS-SEM is used to test the significance of the research model. Findings: It is clear from the PLS-SEM that Bangladeshi Small Businesses need training and development, performance measurement, and monetary incentives to succeed. Research, Practical & Social implications: The implication drawn from this study aids human resource managers to focus their resource on the key variables that can afect SMEs perception of their organizations. Originality/value: This study is critical for leadership because it confirms the necessity or desire of business owners to grow human capital to improve corporate performance and give the organization a competitive advantage in the marketplace.
Structural Realism, Structural Information, and the General Concept of Structure

The main goal for this paper is to revisit and rehabilitate structuralist methodology based on the idea of invariance and symmetry for the purpose of the discussion of structural realism and its consequences for ontology of information. This paper continues the earlier work of the author carried out in this spirit. In the present paper the focus is on the general concept of a structure, not necessarily in terms of information, but with important consequences for the study of structural information. The conceptual study of the general concept of a structure is followed by an outline of the mathematical formalism suitable for the development of its theory.
PnMYB4 negatively modulates saponin biosynthesis in Panax notoginseng through interplay with PnMYB1

Abstract Saponins are the main triterpenoid ingredients from Panax notoginseng, a well-known Chinese medicine, and are important sources for producing drugs to prevent and treat cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases. However, the transcriptional regulatory network of saponin biosynthesis in P. notoginseng is largely unknown. In the present study we demonstrated that one R2R3-MYB transcription factor, designated PnMYB4, acts as a repressor of saponin accumulation. Suppression of PnMYB4 in P. notoginseng calli significantly increased the saponin content and the expression level of saponin biosynthetic genes. PnMYB4 directly bound to the promoters of key saponin biosynthetic genes, including PnSS, PnSE, and PnDS, to repress saponin accumulation. PnMYB4 and the activator PnMYB1 could interacted with PnbHLH, which is a positive regulator of saponin biosynthesis, to modulate the biosynthesis of saponin. PnMYB4 competed with PnMYB1 for binding to PnbHLH, repressing activation of the promoters of saponin structural genes induced by the PnMYB1-PnbHLH complex. Our study reveals that a complex regulatory module of saponin biosynthesis is associated with positive and negative MYB transcriptional regulators and provides a theoretical basis for improving the content of saponins and efficacy of P. notoginseng.
Interval-Aware Probabilistic Slow Feature Analysis for Irregular Dynamic Process Monitoring With Missing Data

Due to unexpected data transition or equipment failures, irregular data with missing values, which have both irregular sampling intervals and missing values, become very common in industrial processes and bring significant challenges for existing dynamic monitoring methods to explore temporal correlations. Therefore, this article develops an interval-aware probabilistic slow feature analysis (IA-PSFA) method along with the corresponding monitoring strategy to address the above problems for industrial processes. The IA-PSFA method incorporates functions of sampling intervals to adjust the influences of previous samples on the current one when inferring state variables. Specifically, different functions are designed such that the changing temporal correlations between adjacent samples caused by irregular sampling intervals can be tracked effectively. Parameters of the IA-PSFA model are estimated through the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm with an interval-aware Kalman filter, which addresses the missing variable issue along with irregular sampling intervals. After that, three statistics are constructed based on the state variables, transition and emission errors, and the varying speed of the state variables, to establish comprehensive evaluations of processes. Finally, cases from the Tennessee Eastman (TE) process are provided to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method confronted with different degrees of data irregularity and missing values.
Chronological Analysis of First-in-Class Drugs Approved from 2011 to 2022: Their Technological Trend and Origin

The discovery and development of first-in-class (FIC) drugs are becoming increasingly important due to increasing reimbursement pressure and personalized medication. To investigate the technological trends and origin of FIC drugs, the FIC drugs approved in the U.S. from January 2011 to December 2022 were analyzed. The analysis shows that previous major target families, viz. enzymes, G-protein coupled receptors, transporters, and transcription factors, are no longer considered major in recent years. Instead, the shares of secreted proteins/peptides and mRNAs have continuously increased from 2011–2014 to 2019–2022, suggesting that the target family of FIC drugs has shifted to molecules previously considered challenging as drug targets. Small molecules were predominant in 2011–2014, followed by a large increase in antibody medicines in 2015–2018 and further diversification of antibody medicine modalities in 2019–2022. Nucleic acid medicine has also continuously increased its share, suggesting that diversifying modalities supports the creation of FIC drugs toward challenging target molecules. Over half of FIC drugs were created by small and medium enterprises (SMEs), especially young companies established in the 1990s and 2000s. All SMEs that produced more than one FIC drug approved in 2019–2022 have the strong technological capability in a specific modality. Investment in modality technologies and facilitating mechanisms to translate academic modality technologies to start-ups might be important for enhancing FIC drug development.
A time-domain Haar-wavelet-based multiresolution technique for electromagnetic field analysis

Numerical techniques for solving differential equations have been vigorously stud­ ied, and various techniques have been proposed and investigated for particular prob­ lems. Maxwell’s equations are the system of partial differential equations which de­ scribe the behavior of electromagnetic fields. The methods for solving the equations should be properly chosen depending on the purpose of the analysis and the available com putational resources. In this thesis, we propose a time-domain electromagnetic field modeling technique based on Haar wavelets. The multiresolution nature of the wavelets was used in the formulation, and a time stepping algorithm th a t is similar to the conventional finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method was obtained. The proposed technique effectively models realistic structures by virtue of the multiresolution property; the com putational time is reduced approximately by half compared to the conventional FDTD method. In order to provide a comprehensive understanding of the proposed m ethod, algo­ rithms for one, two and three space dimensions were formulated, validated in terms of the accuracy, and actually applied to various realistic problems. Various boundary conditions have been formulated and implemented, and in ad­ dition, the following applications are addressed: S-parameter extraction for twodimensional waveguide problems, combined with field singularity correction a t metal edges and corners, resonant cavity analyses for validation purposes, and analyses of microwave passive devices with open boundaries such as microstrip low-pass filters and spiral inductors. An algorithm th a t needs half the com putational effort is equivalent to hardware tha t is twice as fast. The purpose of this thesis is to make a contribution to the improvement of com putational speed in electromagnetic time domain solutions.
Autophagy in Crohn’s Disease: Converging on Dysfunctional Innate Immunity

Crohn’s disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease marked by relapsing, transmural intestinal inflammation driven by innate and adaptive immune responses. Autophagy is a multi-step process that plays a critical role in maintaining cellular homeostasis by degrading intracellular components, such as damaged organelles and invading bacteria. Dysregulation of autophagy in CD is revealed by the identification of several susceptibility genes, including ATG16L1, IRGM, NOD2, LRRK2, ULK1, ATG4, and TCF4, that are involved in autophagy. In this review, the role of altered autophagy in the mucosal innate immune response in the context of CD is discussed, with a specific focus on dendritic cells, macrophages, Paneth cells, and goblet cells. Selective autophagy, such as xenophagy, ERphagy, and mitophagy, that play crucial roles in maintaining intestinal homeostasis in these innate immune cells, are discussed. As our understanding of autophagy in CD pathogenesis evolves, the development of autophagy-targeted therapeutics may benefit subsets of patients harboring impaired autophagy.
Finding extremely compact sources using the ASKAP VAST Survey

VLBI observations of intraday variable (IDV) quasars found in the MASIV (Micro-Arcsecond Scintillation-Induced Variability) 5 GHz VLA Survey of 500 flat-spectrum sources in the northern sky have shown that these sources are extremely compact, often unresolved, on milliarcsecond scales, and more core-dominated than their non-IDV counterparts. VAST: an ASKAP Survey for Variables and Slow Transients, proposes to observe 10,000 square degrees of southern sky daily for 2 years in the VAST-Wide survey component. This is expected to reveal of order 30,000 compact sources brighter than 10 mJy showing refractive interstellar scintillation (the cause of centimeter-wavelength IDV) at the survey frequency of about 1.4 GHz. Many of these sources may be suitable astrometric calibrators for VLBI at higher frequencies.
The Brain’s Glymphatic System: Drawing New Perspectives in Neuroscience

This paper delves into the intricate structure and functionality of the brain’s glymphatic system, bringing forth new dimensions in its neuroscientific understanding. This paper commences by exploring the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)—its localization, production, and pivotal role within the central nervous system, acting as a cushion and vehicle for nutrient distribution and waste elimination. We then transition into an in-depth study of the morphophysiological aspects of the glymphatic system, a recent discovery revolutionizing the perception of waste clearance from the brain, highlighting its lymphatic-like characteristics and remarkable operations. This paper subsequently emphasizes the glymphatic system’s potential implications in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), discussing the connection between inefficient glymphatic clearance and AD pathogenesis. This review also elucidates the intriguing interplay between the glymphatic system and the circadian rhythm, illustrating the optimal functioning of glymphatic clearance during sleep. Lastly, we underscore the hitherto underappreciated involvement of the glymphatic system in the tumoral microenvironment, potentially impacting tumor growth and progression. This comprehensive paper accentuates the glymphatic system’s pivotal role in multiple domains, fostering an understanding of the brain’s waste clearance mechanisms and offering avenues for further research into neuropathological conditions.
A new method for the quantification of ambient particulate-matter emission fluxes

Abstract. An inversion method has been developed in order to quantify the emission fluxes of certain aerosol pollution sources across a wide region in the Northern Hemisphere, mainly in Europe and western Asia. The data employed are the aerosol contribution factors deducted by positive matrix factorization (PMF) on a PM2.5 chemical composition dataset from 16 European and Asian cities for the period 2014 to 2016. The spatial resolution of the method corresponds to the geographic grid cell size of the Lagrangian particle dispersion model (Flexible Particle Dispersion Model, FLEXPART, 1∘ × 1∘) which was utilized for the air mass backward simulations. The area covered is also related to the location of the 16 cities under study. Species with an aerodynamic geometric mean diameter of 400 nm and 3.1 µm and a geometric standard deviation of 1.6 and 2.25, respectively, were used to model the secondary sulfate and dust aerosol transport. Potential source contribution function (PSCF) analysis and generalized Tikhonov regularization were applied so as to acquire potential source areas and quantify their emission fluxes. A significant source area for secondary sulfate on the east of the Caspian Sea is indicated, when data from all stations are used. The maximum emission flux in that area is as high as 10 × 10−12 kg m−2 s−1. When Vilnius, Dushanbe, and Kurchatov data were excluded, the areas with the highest emission fluxes were the western and central Balkans and southern Poland. The results display many similarities to the SO2 emission maps provided by the OMI-HTAP (Ozone Monitoring Instrument-Hemispheric Transport Air Pollution) and ECLIPSE (Evaluating the Climate and Air Quality Impacts of Short-Lived Pollutants) databases. For dust aerosol, measurements from Athens, Belgrade, Debrecen, Lisbon, Tirana, and Zagreb are utilized. The west Sahara region is indicated as the most important source area, and its contribution is quantified, with a maximum of 17.6 × 10−12 kg m−2 s−1. When we apply the emission fluxes from every geographic grid cell (1∘ × 1∘) for secondary sulfate aerosol deducted with the new method to air masses originating from Vilnius, a useful approximation to the measured values is achieved.
Combining Statistical Models

This paper develops a general framework to support the combina- tion of information from independent but related experiments, by introducing a formal way of combining statistical models represented by families of dis- tributions. A typical example is the combination of multivariate Gaussian families respecting conditional independence constraints, i.e. Gaussian graph- ical models. Combining information from such models, represented by their dependence graphs, yields a formal basis for what could suitably be termed structural meta analysis. We consider issues of combination of pairs of dis- tributions, extending the concept of meta-Markov combination introduced by Dawid and Lauritzen. The proposed theory is then applied to the special case of graphical models.
Exponential Family and Taneja's Entropy

Menendez [3] derived Shaonnon’s entropy formula for exponential family. In this paper we proposed Taneja’s entropy formula for exponential family. Notice that this relation is the generalization of Menendez work. Also we will obtain proper Taneja’s entropy formulas for Bernoulli, Geometry, Gamma, Beta and Normal distributions. Finally we present Taneja’s entropy formula for multivariate normal distribution.
Entrepreneurial Marketing: Improving the Marketing Performance of the Creative Industry in the Embroider Stitching Sector in West Sumatra

Purpose: This study's goal is to ascertain how entrepreneurial orientation and market orientation affect Micro Small and Medium-sized Enterprises’ marketing performance (MSMEs). Theoretical Framework: Entrepreneurial Marketing is used to empower the creative industries as marketing and entrepreneurship are crucial in driving innovation, introducing new products, creating new ventures, and promoting economic development - all of which are key activities in the creative industries. Design/Methodology/Approach: To achieve the objectives of this study, the quantitative approaches were utilized. The population of interest was Micro, Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (MSMEs) engaged in Embroider and Stitching located in West Sumatra Province, and a purposive sampling technique was employed to select the sample for this study. Multiple statistical techniques were employed for data analysis, including SPSS and Partial Least Square (PLS) for Structural Equation Model (SEM) analysis. Findings: The study's results indicate that Entrepreneurial Orientation has a positive impact on Marketing Performance. Additionally, Entrepreneurial Orientation has a positive impact on Market Orientation, and Market Orientation has a positive impact on Marketing Performance. Furthermore, Entrepreneurial Orientation has a positive impact on both Market Orientation and Marketing Performance. Research, Practical, and Social Implications: This study offers theoretical and practical implications for improving the marketing performance of the Embroidery and Stitching industry in West Sumatra Province by applying Entrepreneurial Marketing, through the integration of local cultural values, it is expected that the competitiveness of the region will improve. The expectation is that government policy programs will subsequently stimulate the creative industry's growth in West Sumatra Province. Originality/Value: This study examines the impact of Entrepreneurial Marketing on marketing performance, while previous studies have examined its impact on the financial performance of SMEs.