Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Novel view synthesis by interpolation over sparse examples

Novel view synthesis (NVS) is an important problem in image rendering. It involves synthesizing an image of a scene at any specified (novel) viewpoint, given some images of the scene at a few sample viewpoints. The general understanding is that the solution should bypass explicit 3-D reconstruction of the scene. As it is, the problem has a natural tie to interpolation, despite that mainstream efforts on the problem have been adopting formulations otherwise. Interpolation is about finding the output of a function f ( x ) for any specified input x , given a few input-output pairs {( x i , f i ): i =1,2,3,. , n } of the function. If the input x is the viewpoint, and f ( x ) is the image, the interpolation problem becomes exactly NVS. We treat the NVS problem using the interpolation formulation. In particular, we adopt the example-based everything or interpolation (EBI) mechanism—an established mechanism for interpolating or learning functions from examples. EBI has all the desirable properties of a good interpolation: all given input-output examples are satisfied exactly, and the interpolation is smooth with minimum oscillations between the examples. We point out that EBI, however, has difficulty in interpolating certain classes of functions, including the image function in the NVS problem. We propose an extension of the mechanism for overcoming the limitation. We also present how the extended interpolation mechanism could be used to synthesize images at novel viewpoints. Real image results show that the mechanism has promising performance, even with very few example images.
Alphavirus Particles Can Assemble with an Alternate Triangulation Number

Alphaviruses are spherical, enveloped RNA viruses primarily transmitted by mosquitoes, and cause significant arthritogenic and neurotropic disease in humans and livestock. Previous reports have shown that—in contrast to prototypical icosahedral viruses—alphaviruses incorporate frequent defects, and these may serve important functions in the viral life cycle. We confirm the genus-wide pleomorphism in live viral particles and extend our understanding of alphavirus assembly through the discovery of an alternate architecture of Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) particles. The alternate T = 3 icosahedral architecture differs in triangulation number from the classic T = 4 icosahedral organization that typifies alphaviruses, but the alternate architecture maintains the quasi-equivalence relationship of asymmetric units. The fusion spike glycoproteins are more loosely apposed in the T = 3 form with corresponding changes in the underlying capsid protein lattice. This alternate architecture could potentially be exploited in engineering alphavirus-based particles for delivery of alphaviral or other RNA.
Comparative Genomics Reveal the Utilization Ability of Variable Carbohydrates as Key Genetic Features of Listeria Pathogens in Their Pathogenic Lifestyles

Background: L. monocytogenes and L. ivanovii, the only two pathogens of Listeria, can survive in various environments, having different pathogenic characteristics. However, the genetic basis of their excellent adaptability and differences in pathogenicity has still not been completely elucidated. Methods: We performed a comparative genomic analysis based on 275 L. monocytogenes, 10 L. ivanovii, and 22 non-pathogenic Listeria strains. Results: Core/pan-genome analysis revealed that 975 gene families were conserved in all the studied strains. Additionally, 204, 242, and 756 gene families existed uniquely in L. monocytogenes, L. ivanovii, and both, respectively. Functional annotation partially verified that these unique gene families were closely related to their adaptability and pathogenicity. Moreover, the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analysis of these unique gene sets showed that plenty of carbohydrate transport systems and energy metabolism enzymes were clustered in the networks. Interestingly, ethanolamine-metabolic-process-related proteins were significantly enriched in the PPI network of the unique genes of the Listeria pathogens, which can be understood as a determining factor of their pathogenicity. Conclusions: The utilization capacity of multiple carbon sources of Listeria pathogens, especially ethanolamine, is the key genetic basis for their ability to adapt to various environments and pathogenic lifestyles.
Unilateral Uterine Artery Embolization as a Treatment for Patients with Symptomatic Fibroids—Experience in a Case Series

Background and Objectives: Uterine artery embolization (UAE) has become an accepted and widely performed therapy for patients with symptomatic (reporting at least two of the following symptoms: severe or prolonged menstrual bleeding, abdominal pain, tension in abdomen, problems with urination, constipation or anemia) uterine fibroids. Although in the majority of cases, bilateral occlusion is required to obtain a successful clinical outcome, there are patients in whom treatment of only one uterine artery could be attempted. There are several reasons for unilateral UAE: hemodynamic conditions, technical difficulties, anatomical variants and unilateral dominancy of blood supply to the fibroid. Our aim is to present our 10-year experience with unilateral UAE and evaluate the radiological and clinical outcomes. Materials and Methods: Records of 369 patients with fibroids who underwent UAE from 2010 to 2021 were analyzed. We identified 26 patients treated with unilateral uterine artery embolization and analyzed the data of these patients. All patients attended medical consultation, were assessed using a five-grade symptom scale and underwent MRI examination. Clinical response was evaluated at least 6 months after the procedure and was categorized to one of the following groups: complete improvement, partial improvement, no change and a worsening in symptoms. Results: Twenty-two patients (85%) reported at least partial improvement 6 months following the procedure. One patient required secondary embolization due to recanalization. The secondary procedure was successful, and complete improvement was achieved. One patient did not observe any clinical improvement, and in two cases, symptom recurrence was observed. All three patients were referred for surgical treatment. No major complications were noted. Overall, the success rate was 88%. Conclusions: The results of our study support the statement that elective unilateral embolization is an appropriate treatment in patients with a dominant uterine artery.
Direct and Reverse Pluronic Micelles: Design and Characterization of Promising Drug Delivery Nanosystems

Pluronics are a family of amphiphilic block copolymers broadly explored in the pharmaceutical field. Under certain conditions, Pluronics self-assemble in different structures including nanosized direct and reverse micelles. This review provides an overview about the main parameters affecting the micellization process of Pluronics, such as polymer length, fragments distribution within the chain, solvents, additives and loading of cargo. Furthermore, it offers a guide about the most common techniques used to characterize the structure and properties of the micelles. Finally, it presents up-to-date approaches to improve the stability and drug loading of Pluronic micelles. Special attention is paid to reverse Pluronics and reverse micelles, currently underexplored in the literature. Pluronic micelles present a bright future as drug delivery agents. A smart design and thorough characterization will improve the transfer to clinical applications.
Fe XII line ratios in solar flares

Relative level populations and the density-sensitive emission-line ratios R 1 = I(186.87 A)/I(193.51 A), R 2 = I(196.64 A)/I(193.51 A), and R 3 = I(191.05 A)/I(193.51 A) are derived using the recent R-matrix calculations of electron impact excitation rates for Fe XII over a wide range of electron densities (10 9 -10 12 cm -3 ) and at an electron temperature of 1.5 × 10 6 K. These results are applied to solar active region and flare spectra obtained by the Naval Research Laboratory's S082A slitless spectrograph on board Skylab. Excellent agreement is found with observations. The electron densities deduced from Fe XII line ratios are also in agreement with those determined from Fe XIII and Fe XIV.
Measles Virus-Induced Host Immunity and Mechanisms of Viral Evasion

The immune system deploys a complex network of cells and signaling pathways to protect host integrity against exogenous threats, including measles virus (MeV). However, throughout its evolutionary path, MeV developed various mechanisms to disrupt and evade immune responses. Despite an available vaccine, MeV remains an important re-emerging pathogen with a continuous increase in prevalence worldwide during the last decade. Considerable knowledge has been accumulated regarding MeV interactions with the innate immune system through two antagonistic aspects: recognition of the virus by cellular sensors and viral ability to inhibit the induction of the interferon cascade. Indeed, while the host could use several innate adaptors to sense MeV infection, the virus is adapted to unsettle defenses by obstructing host cell signaling pathways. Recent works have highlighted a novel aspect of innate immune response directed against MeV unexpectedly involving DNA-related sensing through activation of the cGAS/STING axis, even in the absence of any viral DNA intermediate. In addition, while MeV infection most often causes a mild disease and triggers a lifelong immunity, its tropism for invariant T-cells and memory T and B-cells provokes the elimination of one primary shield and the pre-existing immunity against previously encountered pathogens, known as “immune amnesia”.
Surface Waves in Laterally Heterogeneous Media

AbstractSurface wave methods exploit the dispersive properties of Rayleigh and Love waves to estimate the shear wave velocity profiles in vertically heterogeneous subsurfaces. Typically, they rely on a simplified one-dimensional (1D) analytical forward model where the lateral variation of the layer thickness is neglected and so is the fraction of the incident energy of the fundamental mode that is reflected or converted to higher modes. A theoretical study is presented that attempts to define an analytical model that overcomes the limitations of 1D forward models. In particular, we revisit properties of semianalytical approaches that aim at solving the dynamics of Love waves in laterally heterogeneous media made of a soft upper layer of varying thickness lying over an infinitely deep hard layer. The novel analytical model stems from a local-mode expansion of waves with laterally varying amplitudes, which allows for both reflections of the incident modes and coupling to higher modes. The best wave approxim.
Functional Diversification of Oyster Big Defensins Generates Antimicrobial Specificity and Synergy against Members of the Microbiota

Big defensins are two-domain antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) that have highly diversified in mollusks. Cg-BigDefs are expressed by immune cells in the oyster Crassostrea gigas, and their expression is dampened during the Pacific Oyster Mortality Syndrome (POMS), which evolves toward fatal bacteremia. We evaluated whether Cg-BigDefs contribute to the control of oyster-associated microbial communities. Two Cg-BigDefs that are representative of molecular diversity within the peptide family, namely Cg-BigDef1 and Cg-BigDef5, were characterized by gene cloning and synthesized by solid-phase peptide synthesis and native chemical ligation. Synthetic peptides were tested for antibacterial activity against a collection of culturable bacteria belonging to the oyster microbiota, characterized by 16S sequencing and MALDI Biotyping. We first tested the potential of Cg-BigDefs to control the oyster microbiota by injecting synthetic Cg-BigDef1 into oyster tissues and analyzing microbiota dynamics over 24 h by 16S metabarcoding. Cg-BigDef1 induced a significant shift in oyster microbiota β-diversity after 6 h and 24 h, prompting us to investigate antimicrobial activities in vitro against members of the oyster microbiota. Both Cg-BigDef1 and Cg-BigDef5 were active at a high salt concentration (400 mM NaCl) and showed broad spectra of activity against bacteria associated with C. gigas pathologies. Antimicrobial specificity was observed for both molecules at an intra- and inter-genera level. Remarkably, antimicrobial spectra of Cg-BigDef1 and Cg-BigDef5 were complementary, and peptides acted synergistically. Overall, we found that primary sequence diversification of Cg-BigDefs has generated specificity and synergy and extended the spectrum of activity of this peptide family.
Viral Coinfections

In nature, viral coinfection is as widespread as viral infection alone. Viral coinfections often cause altered viral pathogenicity, disrupted host defense, and mixed-up clinical symptoms, all of which result in more difficult diagnosis and treatment of a disease. There are three major virus–virus interactions in coinfection cases: viral interference, viral synergy, and viral noninterference. We analyzed virus–virus interactions in both aspects of viruses and hosts and elucidated their possible mechanisms. Finally, we summarized the protocol of viral coinfection studies and key points in the process of virus separation and purification.
SOX2OT lncRNA Inhibition Suppresses the Stemness Characteristics of Esophageal Tumorspheres

Background: SOX2OT is a novel cancer associated long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) with higher expression in variable tumor tissues, including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). It also plays an important function in embryonic neuronal development. Regarding its function in both stemness and carcinogenesis, here, we aimed to investigate its expression and function in tumorspheres of the esophagus using the RNAi method. Material & Methods: Two esophageal squamous cancer cells (ESCC): KYSE30 and YM1 cells were used for sphere enrichment. Cells were transfected with SOX2OT targeting and control siRNA. The size and the number of spheres were measured using light microscopy. Gene expression of the pluripotency genes was measured by qRT-PCR and docetaxel chemoresistance was assessed by MTS viability assay. Results: Our findings showed that ESCC tumorspheres overexpress SOX2OT gene along with other stemness genes (SOX2, OCT4A, and Nanog) compared to their original cancer cells. RNAi experiments indicated that SOX2OT knockdown can suppress the stemness-related gene expression, sphere formation ability (both size and number), and docetaxel resistance as three of the main cancer stem cell characteristics of tumorspheres. Conclusion: Altogether our results showed the regulatory role of SOX2OT in pluripotency and stemness in ESCC tumorspheres. Our results suggest a potential application of SOX2OT inhibition in combination with docetaxel for ESCC inhibition in vitro.
Co-Prevalence of Virulence and Pathogenic Potential in Multiple Antibiotic Resistant Aeromonas spp. from Diseased Fishes with In Silico Insight on the Virulent Protein Network

Aeromonas species exhibit widespread presence in food, poultry, and aquaculture. They are major multi-drug-resistant fish pathogens. This study aims to identify Aeromonas species harbouring virulence genes aerolysin, flagellin, and lipase from diseased fishes of Assam wetlands with association with antibiotic resistance and in vivo pathogenicity. One hundred and thirty-four Aeromonas strains were isolated and thirty representative species identified using genus-specific 16S rRNA gene amplification. A. veronii was most prevalent (53.7%) followed by A. hydrophila (40.2%), A. caviae (4.47%), and A. dhakensis (1.49%). Ninety percent (90%) of strains harboured at least one of the studied virulence genes: aerA (73.3%), lip (46.6%), and flaA (26.6%). The highest multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index 0.8 corresponded to A. hydrophila DBTNE1 (MZ723069), containing all the studied genes. The lowest LD50 values (1.6 × 106 CFU/fish) corresponded to isolates having both aerA and lip. β-lactams showed utmost resistance and lowest for aminoglycosides. There was a significant (p < 0.05) Pearson chi-square test of association between the occurrence of virulence and antibiotic resistance. The in silico protein–protein interaction revealed important drug targets, such as σ28 transcription factor, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase, and diacylglycerol kinase, with significant (p < 0.05) enrichment. This study suggests that fish-isolate Aeromonas strains represent potential threat to aquaculture with subsequent risk of transferring antibiotic resistance to human pathogens.
Stochastic Identification Methods for Nonlinear Systems: An Extension of the Wiener Theory

The Wiener series provides a representation for many nonlinear systems with respect to Brownian motion inputs. In this paper the Wiener theory is extended to a wide class of stochastic inputs including Brownian motion (and white-noise). In particular, difficulties intrinsic to cross-correlation methods (like the Lee–Schetzen method) are discussed for several discrete-time random input processes used in biological applications.
A Dual-Band Bandpass Filter with an Enhanced Second Passband Performance Using Modifiable Coupling

In this paper, we have proposed a dual-band bandpass filter (BPF) with high band selectivity by using a modified coupling between two input/output (I/O) microstrip lines and a pair of stepped impedance resonators (SIRs) for the wireless local area network (WLAN) application (2.4/5.4 GHz). By controlling the coupling strength of resonators through prolonging the I/O microstrip lines an approximate external quality factor (Q e ) between the first and second passband is obtained to compensate the drawback for an excessive loss of the second passband. Three transmission zeros can be introduced near the passband edges to improve the band selectivity and isolation. The measured results actually verify the design concept with the fullwave simulation results.
THERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT OF MAMMITIS IN BUFFALOES

Nine graded Murrah buffaloes age between 3 to 6 years old were presented to Veterinary College Hospital, Bidar with the history of recent calving, swelling and reddening of one or two teats. On clinical examination revealed normal body temperature, pain on palpation of one or two teats with subsequent thickening and funnel formation were both in teat canal and gland cistern. Haematological examination revealed mild neutrophilia, marked absolute eosinophilia and lymphopenia. Biochemical examination revealed increased total protein, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Concentration of C - reactive protein and decreased Serum Calcium, Serum Phosphorus. Milk examination of affected animals did not reveal any positive for California Mastitis Test and culture examination. Affected animals were treated with budesonide (200 mcg) aerosol spray along with antihistamines (Chlorpheneramine maleate) 0.3 mg/kg B.wt. Intramuscularly, Antiseptic (Iodine-based teat dip) and Antioxidant (Vit.E and Selenium) 10ml, intramuscularly for 3 consecutive days. It was found that steroid (Budesonide 200 mcg fixed dose), antihistaminic, Iodine based dip application and Vit. E and Selenium were found effective in initial stages to minimise inflammation without any adverse effects.
2022 Effects of Vitamin D injection and natural products on Blood Glucose Level of Diabetic Patient With Vitamin D Deficiency

DM is the 4 th leading cause of global mortality. By the year 2025 the disease incidence is expected to increase to over 380 million, 80% would be in developing countries. It has been proposed that vitamin D deficiency plays an important role in insulin resistance resulting in diabetes. The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of use some foods high in vitamin D content especially (parsley) and drug source of the same vitamin on diabetics and healthy. A selection of the sample is done by analyzing vitamin D in the blood and selecting patients with vitamin D deficiency. 100 people who suffered from type2 diabetes and 50 do not have diabetes and all of them suffer from vitamin D deficiency. Each group was divided into, group I is diabetic patients and vitamin D deficiency and are treated with vitamin D injection only. Group II is diabetics and vitamin D deficiency and are treated with vitamin D plus parsley injections. Group 3 is non-diabetics patients with vitamin D deficiency and are only injecting vitamin D. Group 4 is non-diabetics patients with vitamin D deficiency and need to inject vitamin D plus parsley. The treatment was done for 3 months. The results found that after treatment groups 2 and 4 which received 100 g fresh parsley with ampoules of vit. D were having the highest values statistical significantly (P≤0.05) of serum vit. D. Calcium level of group 4 non-diabetic injected by vit. D and consumed 100g of fresh parsley was the highest value statistical significantly (P≤0.05). HbA1C was high statistical significantly (P≤0.05) in diabetic and non-diabetic patients before treatment. While, after injected by vit. D for groups (1 and 3) and vit. D plus 100g fresh parsley for groups 2 and 4 results showed reduction in serum HbA1C for all groups. The study concluded that there is a relationship between the level of vitamin D and improve the level of blood sugar in patients with diabetes type II. Eating rich vitamin D-containing food with fresh parsley gave the best results to type 2 diabetics and vitamin D deficiency patients.
Photon statistics of atomic fluorescence after π-pulse excitation

The photon statistics of atomic fluorescence after {pi}-pulse excitation is investigated in a system in which the input and output ports are connected to an atom. Since spontaneous decay during input pulse excitation occurs, the output pulse generally contains a multiphoton component with a certain probability. We quantitatively evaluate the probability of the output pulse containing multiple photons and determine the conditions for ideal single-photon generation.
Nanomechanics of membrane tubulation and DNA assembly

We report an interesting regime of tubule formation in multilamellar membrane vesicles. An optically trapped bead is used to apply a localized subpicoNewton force on a cationic vesicle to form a membrane tubule. The force extension curves reveal a saturation phase, with the tubule length extending up to tens of microns, beyond a threshold force 0.6±0.2 pN. We then use the tubule as a sensor for monitoring the dynamics of charge induced DNA integration on cationic membrane vesicles. Our results may also have applications in the development of nanowires and nanofluidic devices.
Temperature-compensated high-stability silicon resonators

Composite micromechanical resonators were encapsulated in a hermetic environment using a wafer-scale encapsulation process compatible with complementary metal-oxide semiconductor processing. The resonator structure is comprised of single crystal silicon with a silicon dioxide coating and shows a frequency-temperature sensitivity that is comparable to uncompensated quartz crystal resonators. A frequency variation of less than 200ppm is achieved over a −40–125°C temperature range. The resonator exhibits a quadratic temperature behavior with a turnover temperature at which the frequency becomes insensitive to small temperature changes. The turnover temperature can be controlled for use in high precision frequency references.