Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of lithium treatment on oxidative stress markers in mitochondrial complex I and complex III inhibition and after CO2 exposure in SH-SY5Y cells

This study aims to evaluate the effects of lithium chloride (LiCl) on resistance to oxidative stress, cell proliferation, and COX-2 expression, both in the absence of carbon dioxide (CO2), rotenone and antimycin A and after exposure to them. SH-SY5Y cells were treated for 72 hours with LiCl (0.5 - 5 mM). Superoxide anion (O2 - ) and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were measured via fluorescence. All the experiments were carried out under standard conditions, after 4 h of CO2 exposure or after 24 hours of incubation with rotenone and antimycin A: inhibitors of mitochondrial complex I and III respectively. At very low concentrations, LiCl decreased O2 - production under normoxic conditions and after exposure to either CO2 or rotenone. LiCl was not observed to produce any changes in intracellular ROS levels under standard conditions or after either the rotenone or antimycin A treatment; but changes were observed after CO2 exposure. In addition, LiCl increased cell proliferation and modified expression of COX-2, but only under oxidative stress situations. In conclusion, the antioxidant effect of lithium might be due, at least in part, to its inhibition of O2 - from complex I. Also, lithium decreases the vulnerability of SH-SY5Y cells to cell injury
Indoor-Funkkanaleigenschaften bei 24 GHz und deren Einfluss auf die Übertragungsgüte von OFDM-Systemen

This thesis addresses the design of a wide-band channel sounding system in the microwave range. The measured channel impulse responses (CIR) allow the characterization of the performance of OFDM (orthogonal fre¬ quency division multiplexing) systems which are widely used in modern wireless LANs (WLAN). The design of such systems is often based on sim¬ ple stochastic channel models, which are described by a few parameters. The main goal of the work is to estimate these parameters by adjusting the bit error rate (BER) that results for a simulated system with measured CIR to the parameter dependent BER in the model. The realized channel sounder ECHO 24 (ETH channel sounder opera¬ ting at 24 GHz) exploits a correlation method and achieves a 2 ns path de¬ lay resolution as well as a Doppler frequency shift detection up to 200 kHz. The maximum dynamic range is 55 dB. A novel fiber-optic synchronization concept enables a precise incident angle estimation of the multipath com¬ ponents within a tolerance of less than 1° by means of a virtual antenna array at the receiver site. These measurements are suitable for investiga¬ tions of the spatial radio channel diversity. Measurements performed with ECHO 24 can be used to determine the BER of coded (convolution code) and uncoded OFDM transmission at 24 GHz. The system parameters are specified with respect to the HIPERLAN/2 (high performance radio local area network) standard. The¬ reby the BER is used as a measure for the system performance. Systems with a single antenna or an antenna array at the receiver are considered. The results are compared to the BER that result for synthetic radio chan¬ nel characteristics. For a given number of receiving antennas and uncoded transmission the analytically derived bit error probability turns out to de¬ pend on the so called Ü'-factor only, while an additional parameter, namely the delay-spread oTl must be taken into account for coded transmission. The Ü'-factor describes the ratio of the power contained in the direct and
THERAPEUTIC EFFECT OF SHI-219, A NOVEL WATER SOLUBLE PRODRUG OF EG626 (PHTALAZINOL), ON MOUSE DEXTRAN SODIUM SULFATE-INDUCED COLITIS

Cytokines such as IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-6 and IL-8 are increased, and leukotriene (LT)B4, thromboxane (TX)B2 and PGE2 participate in inflamed colonic mucosa after administration of mouse dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). EG626 (Phthalazinol), has been shown to inhibit cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase in arteries and platelets, has an effect of anti-inflammation. The effect of SHI-219, a novel water soluble prodrug of EG626, was examined in mouse DSS-induced colitis using drinking water containing 5% DSS. When SHI-219 was given everyday, the disease activity index (DAI) representing clinical symptoms improved and the histological score decreased; furthermore, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α concentrations in rectal mucosa were lower compared with the Control group. Also TXB2 and LTB4 concentrations in rectal mucosa were lower, but PGE2 concentrations in rectal mucosa were not inhibited. And then Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 expression also correlated with the degree of inflammation in the intestinal mucosa in the SHI-219 -treated group, indicating that SHI-219 did not inhibit COX-2 expression by immunohistochemical staining. These results suggest that administration of SHI-219 may be effective in ulcerative colitis.
Urban Evolutionary Biology

Cities occupy about 3 per cent of the Earth’s habitable land area and are home to one out of two humans worldwide; both estimates are predicted to grow. Urban space is thus becoming an important, novel ecological niche for humans and wildlife alike. Building on knowledge gathered by urban ecologists during the last half century, evidence of evolutionary responses to urbanization has rapidly emerged. Urban evolutionary biology is a nascent yet fast-growing field of research—and a fascinating testing ground for evolutionary biologists worldwide. Urbanization offers a great range of opportunities to examine evolutionary processes because of the radically altered and easily quantifiable urban habitat, and the large number of cities worldwide, enabling rigorous, replicated tests of evolutionary hypotheses. Urban populations are increasingly exhibiting both neutral and adaptive evolutionary changes at levels ranging from genotypes to phenotypes. The novelty of urban evolutionary biology is that these changes are driven by the cities we have built, including effects of infrastructure, pollution, and social characteristics of our urban neighbourhoods. It will thereby enrich the field of evolutionary biology with emergent yet incredibly potent new research themes where the urban habitat is key. In a series of sixteen chapters written by leading evolutionary biologists working on urban drivers of evolution, Urban Evolutionary Biology is the first academic book in the field. It synthesizes current knowledge on evolutionary processes occurring literally on our doorstep, across the globe, and in each city independently.
4.5 kV GTO turn-off failure analysis under an inductive load including snubber, gate circuit and various parasitics

GTO turn-off failure process has not yet been successfully analyzed by numerical methods while gateturn-off thyristors(GT0) have gained their reputation in various applications. Because conventional numerical analyses on GTO turn off processes had been performed under simplified external circuits to avoid the difficulties in obtaining numerical convergence. In this paper, the authors report for the fmt time that an exact simulation of the 4.5 kV GTO turn-off failure process has been successfully executed by taking into account complete external circuits including the snubber and all the parasitics. It has been shown that the failure process is closely coupled with impact ionization and the influence of the external circuits.
Power Control in Cellular Radio Systems

The primary goal of cellular radio systems, is to provide communication services to a large number of mobile users. Due to the rapid expansion of the market in this area, the available resources have to be used efficiently. The main issue in this thesis is methods to assign appropriate transmission powers, given coarsely quantized measurements, in order to meet the quality requirements from the users despite various disturbances.We propose a concept of a power regulator comprising the steps of estimating relevant quantities, handling quality specications, and controlling the powers. With this setting, the power controlling component relates directly to the mainstream of the algorithms proposed to date.For practical reasons, it is necessary to control the powers in a distributed fashion, and these distributed algorithms can be seen as local control loops. The effects of time delays and power output constraints in these loops are analyzed with respect to stability, using root locus techniques and describing functions. We emphasize the importance of identifying these time delays and constraints in order to choose the appropriate controller parameters for stable operation. The relevance of the local stability results on the overall system level is discussed, and further analyzed in a simulation environment, which has been developed.The literature is surveyed, and the contributions are classified with respect to a common framework in order to stress their similarities and differences. We show that an integrating controller forms the basis for the most popular algorithms. Methods for convergence analysis are investigated and related to the theory of linear systems. These methods are applied when proving global convergence of the integrating controller.The power control strategies are evaluated under more realistic circumstances in an environment simulating the operation of a GSM system. Comparing the results when using different power control algorithms we note that the proposed concept performs better than the algorithms proposed to date, both in terms of transmission quality of service and capacity.
Pengembangan Teleskop Radio JOVE di Observatorium Bosscha Tahap II

Teleskop radio JOVE, yang merupakan salah satu program yang dipelopori NASA sejak tahun 1998, mulai dikembangkan di Observatorium Bosscha pada tahun 2009. Diawali dengan perencanaan dan instalasi oleh Hidayat et al. (2009) dan dimulai penggunaannya oleh Nasrulloh (2011). Dalam skema perencanaan awal, teleskop radio JOVE ini akan dikembangkan menjadi sistem interferometer lima elemen. Tahap awal sebelum memulai sistem interferometer tersebut, perlu diketahui kinerja masing-masing komponen yang akan digunakan nantinya. Saat ini, Observatorium Bosscha memiliki tiga receiver tambahan dan dua jenis kalibrator, masing-masing terdiri dari dua unit, yang baru dimiliki pertengahan tahun 2011. Komponen-komponen baru ini perlu dikarakterisasi dengan cara melakukan pengamatan secara rutin. Hasil pengamatan secara rutin tersebut diharapkan dapat memberikan masukan untuk pengembangan teleskop radio JOVE selanjutnya. Pengamatan rutin yang dilakukan dalam pengerjaan Tugas Akhir ini salah satunya adalah dengan melakukan pengamatan Matahari. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengamatan ini adalah metode monitoring. Selama pengamatan rutin yang dilakukan, didapatkan beberapa burst Matahari. Data pengamatan burst Matahari tersebut kemudian dibandingkan dengan data pengamatan telekop radio JOVE di negara lain. Apabila didapatkan hasil yang sama, maka teleskop radio JOVE di Observatorium Bosscha siap digunakan untuk sistem interferometer.
Selection for Lean Growth Rate in a Synthetic Line of YorkshireMeishan Pigs 1. Selection Pressure Applied and Direct Response

and Implications Selection for lean growth rate (LGR) was conducted for four generations in a synthetic line of YorkshireMeishan pigs. In the select line, seven boars and 20 gilts with the highest LGR were selected from each generation to produce the subsequent generation. A contemporaneous control line was maintained by randomly selecting five boars and 15 gilts to produce the next generation. Inbreeding coefficients averaged . 198 and . 207 for the select and control line pigs and . 173 and . 162 for the select and control line dams, respectively, in the fourth generation. LGR was estimated from ultrasound measures of 10-rib backfat thickness and longissimus muscle area from 1,057 pigs. These pigs were sired by 58 boars and out of 133 sows. The generation interval was 13 months and the average selection differential per generation was 1.1 phenotypic standard deviation units for LGR. Heritability and response were estimated from the deviation of select line from the control line and multiple trait derivative free restricted maximum likelihood (MTDFREML) on the same material. Realized heritability was . 29 ± . 12 for LGR in the control line. Corresponding estimates from MTDFREML were . 32 and . 37. The estimate of direct genetic change per generation using the deviation from the control line was 9.4 g/day for LGR. Corresponding estimates from MTDFREML were similar but were more precisely estimated.
BIM for building refurbishment and maintenance: current status and research directions

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a strategic overview of the current literature on “Building information modelling (BIM) for Building Refurbishment and Maintenance” to unfold the factors behind the relative underdeveloped state of the field and to contribute to the development of a more cumulative knowledge base by presenting the current status and suggesting future directions for research. Design/methodology/approach – A systematic review of the literature has been undertaken by classifying and mapping the literature, identifying the input-output relations, exhibiting the areas focused on by researchers as well as neglected ones and by indicating the trends in research through the years. Both qualitative and quantitative analysis is used in the study to better interpret the existing studies in a holistic perspective. Findings – Although the need for BIM in facility management (FM) has been acknowledged by researchers and practitioners, the results highlight that studies related to BIM ap.
Automatic Tuberculosis Screening from Chest Radiographs using Neural Networks

Tuberculosis is a major health threat in many regions of the world. Opportunistic infections in immune compromised HIV/AIDS patients and multi-drug-resistant bacterial strains have exacerbated the problem, while diagnosis in tuberculosis still remains a challenge. When left undiagnosed and thus untreated, mortality rates of patients with tuberculosis are high. Standard diagnostics still rely on methods developed in the last century. They are slow and often unreliable. In an effort to reduce the burden of the disease, this paper presents our automated approach for detecting tuberculosis in conventional posteroanterior chest radiographs. We first extract the lung region using a graph cut segmentation method. For this lung region, we compute a set of texture and shape features, which enable the X-rays to be classified as normal or abnormal using a binary classifier. The proposed computer-aided diagnostic system for TB screening, which is ready for field deployment, achieves a performance that approaches the performance of human experts. We achieve an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of
Phase error free LINC modulator

A new technique for linear amplification with nonlinear components (LINC) is described. LINC implementation is thought to be very difficult because of its sensitivity to phase error caused by the difference in electrical length between two power amplifier branches. The allowable limit of phase error for achieving the 60 dB suppression of the adjacent channel interference (ACI) power is estimated for roll-off bandlimited offset QPSK (OQPSK). Then, a compensating method for this phase error is presented. By using the proposed method, sufficient out-of-band spectrum suppression for mobile radio application is obtained. An output power of 7.5 W and a power efficiency of 21% are experimentally confirmed.
Proteínas morfogenéticas óseas (BMPs): Efecto de la proteína osteogénica-1 (OP-l/BMP-7) en la condrogénesis y osteogenesis

Nowadays, molecular biology studies have promoted the bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) analysis. These multifunctional proteins are structurally related to transforming growth factor-6 (TGF-6). Genetic engineering techniques have allowed to sequence some of these BMPs. It has been characterized the expression and processing of osteogenic protein-1 (OP-1), a bone morphogenetic protein of the TGF-6 family. The OP-1 shows a high osteogenic and chondrogenic potential. The aim of this paper is to review some updated advances of the BMPs experimental applications, particularly OP-1, in relation to Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology
Handbook of microstrip antennas

Analysis and design of circular microstrip elements microstrip patch antennas circular polarization and bandwidth electromagnetically coupled dipoles multilayer configurations large bandwidth hybrid flat dipoles and arrays numerical analysis of microstrip patch antennas segmentation and desegmentation methods for microstrip antenna design transmission line model of microstrip antennas design and technology of low cost printed antennas analysis and design considerations of printed array antennas circularly polarized array antennas microstrip antenna feeds advances in substrate technology special measurement techniques for printed antennas CAD of microstrip and triplate systems resonant microstrip antenna elements and arrays applications of microstrip antennas monolithic conical conformal microstrip tracking antenna extensions and variations of the microstrip antenna concept.
The skill of bicycle riding.

The principal theories of human motor skill are compared. Disagreements between them centre around the exact details of the feedback loops used for control. In order to throw some light on this problem a commonplace skill was analysed using computer techniques to both record and model the movement. Bicycle riding was chosen as an example because it places strict constraints on the freedom of the rider's actions and consequently allows a fairly simple model to be used. Given these constraints a faithful record of the delicate balancing movements of the handlebar must also be a record of the rider's actions in controlling the machine. An instrument pack, fitted with gyroscopic sensors and a handlebar potentiometer, recorded the roll, yaw and steering angle changes during free riding in digital form on a microcomputer disc. A discrete step computer model of the rider and machine was used to compare the output characteristic of various control systems with that of the experimental subjects. Since the normal bicycle design gives a measure of automatic stability it is not possible to tell how much of the handlebar movement is due to the rider and how much to the machine. Consequently a bicycle was constructed in which the gyroscopic and castor stability were removed. In order to reduce the number of sensory contributions the subjects were blindfolded. The recordings showed that the-basic method of control was a combination of a continuous delayed repeat of the roll angle rate in the handle-bar channel, with short intermittent ballistic acceleration inputs to control angle of lean and consequently direction. , A review of the relevant, literature leads to the conclusion that the proposed control system is consistent with current physiological knowledge. Finally the bicycle control system discovered in the experiments is related to the theories of motor skills discussed in the second chapter.
PACE Survey: Background, Applications, and Data Quality Issues

The only comprehensive source of the actual costs of environmental abatement activities in the United States has been the Pollution Abatement Costs and Expenditures (PACE) survey. This survey collects facility-level data on capital and operating costs of pollution abatement, focusing on facilities in the manufacturing, mining, and electric utility industries. The cost information reflects most environmentally related expenditures, including compliance with local, state, and federal regulations, and voluntary or market-driven pollution abatement activities. Between 1973 and 1994 (but excluding 1987), the Bureau of Census conducted the PACE survey annually. After a 5-year lapse, it was reinstated in 2000, following a redesign, and collected data on 1999 expenditures. Subsequent to the 1999 PACE survey, no further surveys have been conducted. This report discusses the PACE survey and issues surrounding it, and offers suggestions for how to address some of these issues. This report is part of a larger project under contract with US EPA to redesign the PACE Survey with the goal of developing a survey that will be implemented on an annual basis.
Separations of geometric and electromagnetic characteristics under the Kirchhoff rough surface model

An idea for separating the geometric and electromagnetic characteristics of a medium with the rough surface of the Kirchhoff model is introduced. To check the accuracy of the theory, an experiment for separating the two kinds of characteristics under the Kirchhoff model is performed in the laboratory. The method to generate the Kirchhoff rough surface and the preliminary experiment results are presented.
Multi-objective balancing on mixed-model two-sided assembly lines under a learning effect

AbstractSolving mixed model two-side assembly lines under a learning effect problem to achieve multi-objective functionsaims at highest effectiveness of assembly lines. This type of problem is known to be NP-hard. A Biogeographybasedoptimization (BBO) is applied as a method for solving this problem. The result shows that BBO outperformsthe other existing well-known algorithms, namely NSGA-II and DPSO in term of Convergence to the ParetooptimalSet and True-Pareto optimal Set. Keywords : Biogeography-based optimization, Line balancing, Mixed-model two-sided assembly line,Multi-objective functions, Learning effect
A kinanthropometric analysis of accurate and inaccurate kickers: Implications for kicking accuracy in Australian football

iv PUBLICATIONS ARISING FROM THIS THESIS . vii TABLE OF CONTENTS . viii LIST OF FIGURES . xii LIST OF TABLES . xv LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS . xviii CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION . 1 1.0 BACKGROUND . 1 1.1 PURPOSE OF RESEARCH . 3 1.2 SIGNIFICANCE OF RESEARCH . 4 1.3 RESEARCH QUESTIONS . 5 1.4 RESEARCH STUDIES . 5 1.5 LIMITATIONS . 6 CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW . 7 2.0 OVERVIEW . 7 2.1 KICKING IN SPORT . 7 2.2 DESCRIPTION OF DROP PUNT . 9 2.3 KINEMATIC PROFILE OF DROP PUNT . 12 2.3. 1 Biomechanical Characteristics . 12 2.3. 2 The Kicking Leg . 13 2.3. 2.1 Foot Velocity . 13 2.3. 2.2 Foot-Ball Contact . 15 2.3. 3 The Support Leg . 17 2.3. 4 The Upper Body . 18 2.3. 5 Other Considerations . 20 2.3. 5.1 The Approach . 20 2.3. 5.2 Ball Trajectory . 22 ix 2.4 KICKING PERFORMANCE . 23 2.4. 1 Kicking Distance . 23 2.4. 2 Kicking Accuracy . 27 2.5 SUMMARY . 30 CHAPTER THREE STUDY ONE . 33 A STANDARDISED IN-VIVO METHOD TO IDENTIFY AND ASSESS APPENDICULAR SEGMENTAL MASS USING DUAL ENERGY X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY (DEXA). 3.0 ABSTRACT . 34 3.