Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimization of the Sustainable Production of Resistant Starch in Rice Bran and Evaluation of Its Physicochemical and Technological Properties

In this study, the optimization of ultrasound (US) (850 kHz, 120 W) processing parameters (temperature, time, and power) for the enhanced production of resistant starch (RS) in rice bran (RB) matrixes was performed. The effect of US cavitation at different temperatures on the morphology, physicochemical properties, and mechanical performance of RS was evaluated. Ultrasonication at 40–70 °C temperatures affected the chemical structure, reduced the crystallinity of RS from 23.85% to between 18.37 and 4.43%, and increased the mechanical and thermal stability of RS pastes, indicating a higher tendency to retrograde. US treatment significantly (p < 0.05) improved the oil (OAC) and water (WAC) absorption capacities, swelling power (SP), solubility (WS), and reduced the least-gelation concentration (LGC). The mathematical evaluation of the data indicated a significant effect (p < 0.05) of the US parameters on the production of RS. The largest increment of RS (13.46 g/100 g dw) was achieved with US cavitation at 1.8 W/cm2 power, 40.2 °C temperature, and 18 min of processing time. The developed method and technology bring low-temperature US processing of rice milling waste to create a new sustainable food system based on modified rice bran biopolymers.
Two-point correlators in the beta-deformed N=4 SYM at the next-to-leading order.

We compute two-point functions of lowest weight operators at the next-to-leading order in the couplings for the β-deformed = 4SU(N) SYM. In particular we focus on the CPO Tr(Φ12) and the operator Tr(Φ1Φ2) not presently listed as BPS. We find that for both operators no anomalous dimension is generated at this order, then confirming the results recently obtained at lowest order in [5]. However, in both cases a finite correction to the two-point function appears.
Using linear mixed model and dummy variable model approaches to construct compatible single-tree biomass equations at different scales – A case study for Masson pine in Southern China

The estimation of forest biomass is important for practical issues and scientific purposes in forestry. The estimation of forest biomass on a large-scale level would be merely possible with the application of generalized single-tree biomass models. The aboveground biomass data on Masson pine ( Pinus massoniana) from nine provinces in southern China were used to develop generalized single-tree biomass models using both linear mixed model and dummy variable model methods. An allometric function requiring only diameter at breast height was used as a base model for this purpose. The results showed that the aboveground biomass estimates of individual trees with identical diameters were different among the forest origins (natural and planted) and geographic regions (provinces). The linear mixed model with random effect parameters and dummy model with site-specific (local) parameters showed better fit and prediction performance than the population average model. The linear mixed model appears more flexible than the dummy variable model for the construction of generalized single-tree biomass models or compatible biomass models at different scales. The linear mixed model method can also be applied to develop other types of generalized single-tree models such as basal area growth and volume models.
Contact Problems in Elasticity: A Study of Variational Inequalities and Finite Element Methods

Introduction Signorini's problem Minimization methods and their variants Finite element approximations Orderings, Trace Theorems, Green's Formulas and korn's Inequalities Signorini's problem revisited Signorini's problem for incompressible materials Alternate variational principles for Signorini's problem Contact problems for large deflections of elastic plates Some special contact problems with friction Contact problems with nonclassical friction laws Contact problems involving deformations and nonlinear materials Dynamic friction problems Rolling contact problems Concluding comments.
A SECI Method Based on Improved YOLOv4 for Traffic Sign Detection and Recognition

Traffic sign detection and recognition (TSDR) has become extraordinarily significant in autonomous driving. To trade-off between high accuracy and fast detection speed, a four-stage method, Selecting-Extracting-Cleaning and Identifying (SECI) based on improved algorithm of You Only Look Once version 4 (YOLOv4) is proposed, including selecting the anchor boxes of traffic signs by using k-means++ clustering algorithm, extracting traffic sign features by using subsampled layer, cleaning the redundant information by amending structure of the Spatial Pyramid Pooling (SPP) and identifying traffic signs by adding auxiliary branches and multi-scale feature fusion. Compared to the origin YOLOv4, the results show that, the SECI method improves the mean average precision (mAP) by 6.71%, the detection speed is improved by 37%, and the F1 score is improved by 13%.
SIMPLICITY IN RELATIONAL STRUCTURES AND ITS APPLICATION TO PERMUTATION CLASSES

The simple relational structures form the units, or atoms, upon which all other relational structures are constructed by means of the substitution decomposition. This decomposition appears to have first been introduced in 1953 in a talk by Fraisse, though it did not appear in an article until a paper by Gallai in 1967. It has subsequently been frequently rediscovered from a wide variety of perspectives, ranging from game theory to combinatorial optimization. Of all the relational structures — a set which also includes graphs, tournaments and posets — permutations are receiving ever increasing amounts of attention. A simple permutation is one that maps every nontrivial contiguous set of indices to a set of indices that is never contiguous. Simple permutations and intervals of permutations are important in biomathematics, while permutation classes — downsets under the pattern containment order — arise naturally in settings ranging from sorting to algebraic geometry. We begin by studying simple permutations themselves, though always aim to establish this theory within the broader context of relational structures. We first develop the technology of “pin sequences”, and prove that every sufficiently long simple permutation must contain either a long horizontal or parallel alternation, or a long pin sequence. This gives rise to a simpler unavoidable substructures result, namely that every sufficiently long simple permutation contains a long alternation or oscillation. Erdős, Fried, Hajnal and Milner showed in 1972 that every tournament could be extended to a simple tournament by adding at most two additional points. We prove analogous results for permutations, graphs, and posets, noting that in these three cases we may need to extend a structure by adding d(n + 1)/2e points in the case of permutations and v
Magnetic Design of Superconducting Magnets

In this paper we discuss the main principles of magnetic design for superconducting magnets (dipoles and quadrupoles) for particle accelerators. We give approximated equations that govern the relation between the field/gradient, the current density, the type of superconductor (Nb−Ti or Nb3Sn), the thickness of the coil, and the fraction of stabilizer. We also state the main principle controlling the field quality optimization, and discuss the role of iron. A few examples are given to show the application of the equations and their validity limits.
Gestion optimisée de l'énergie électrique d'un groupe électrogène hybride à pile à combustible

L'etude porte sur la gestion de la distribution instantanee de la puissance entre une pile a combustible et un element de stockage afin d'assurer la puissance electrique necessaire a la traction d'un vehicule electrique hybride. L'objectif vise est la minimisation de la consommation d'hydrogene sur un cycle donne. Le probleme est formule en tant que probleme d'optimisation globale sous contraintes. Dans une premiere approche, le systeme est decrit sous forme d'une equation dynamique discretisee et un algorithme de programmation dynamique est applique. Une seconde approche consiste a minimiser le hamiltonien apres avoir approche le critere cout par une fonction polynomiale. Ces methodes necessitent la connaissance a priori du profil de puissance demandee et se classent parmi les methodes d'optimisation hors ligne. Pour une gestion en ligne de l'energie, nous avons applique un systeme de decision a base de regles floues. Les fonctions d'appartenance des entrees et sorties du systeme flou sont optimises a l'aide d'un algorithme genetique. Afin d'appliquer les strategies evoquees, un bilan energetique du groupe electrogene forme de la pile et ses auxiliaires, de l'element de stockage et des convertisseurs statiques est effectue.
THREE INDIRECT METHODS FOR THE DRAG CHARACTERIZATION OF ARBITRARILY ROUGH SURFACES ON FLAT PLATES

Three indirect methods for characterizing the drag of an arbitrarily rough surface on a flat plate are derived or rederived from the similarity laws of turbulent shear flows. These are: (1) the well- known procedure using displacement thickness; (2) the probably not- so-well-known procedure using total drag; and (3) a proposed new procedure using only the freestream velocity and a local shear stress. The classical indirect procedure for pipe flow is also derived to show a commonality with the flat-plate methods.
Observations of X-ray jets with the Yohkoh soft X-ray telescope

The features of the multiple X-ray jets in the solar corona, revealed by the time series of the Yohkoh Soft X-ray Telescope images are described. The typical size of a jet was from 5 x 10 exp 3 to 4 x 10 exp 5 km, the translational velocity was 30-300 km/s, and the corresponding kinetic energy was estimated to be from 10 exp 25 to 10 exp 28 erg. Many of the jets were found to be associated with flares in X-ray bright points, emerging flux regions, or active regions, and they sometimes occurred several times from the same X-ray feature. One of the jets associated with a flaring bright point was identified as being an H-alpha surge.
Similarity Measure Design on High Dimensional Data

Designing of similarity on high dimensional data was done. Similarity measure between high dimensional data was considered by analysing neighbor information with respect to data sets. Obtained result could be applied to big data, because big data has multiple characteristics compared to simple data set. Definitely, analysis of high dimensional data could be the pre-study of big data. High dimensional data analysis was also compared with the conventional similarity. Traditional similarity measure on overlapped data was illustrated, and application to non-overlapped data was carried out. Its usefulness was proved by way of mathematical proof, and verified by calculation of similarity for artificial data example.
Greater working memory and speech perception scores in cochlear implant users predict better subjective quality of life and hearing

A common concern in individuals with cochlear implants (CIs) is difficulty following conversations in noisy environments and social settings. The ability to accomplish these listening tasks relies on the individual working memory abilities and draws upon limited cognitive resources to accomplish successful listening. For some individuals, allocating too much, can result deficits in speech perception and in long term detriments of quality of life. For this study, 31 CI users and NH controls completed a series of online behavioural tests and quality of life surveys, in order to investigate the relationship between visual and auditory working memory, clinical and behavioural measures of speech perception and quality of life and hearing. Results showed NH individuals were superior on auditory working memory and survey outcomes. In CI users, recall performance on the three working memory span tests declined from visual reading span to auditory listening in quiet and then listening in noise and speech perception was predictably worse when presented with noise maskers. Bilateral users performed better on each task compared to unilateral/HA and unilateral only users and reported better survey outcomes. Correlation analysis revealed that memory recall and speech perception ability were significantly correlated with sections of CIQOL and SSQ surveys along with clinical speech perception scores in CI users. These results confirm that hearing condition can predict working memory and speech perception and that working memory ability and speech perception, in turn, predict quality of life. Importantly, we demonstrate that online testing can be used as a tool to assess hearing, cognition, and quality of life in CI users.
4 Nonstatic Solutions of Melvin Matrix Model : Non-commutative Ring

We apply the regularized theory of light-cone gauge memberbranes to find the matrix model in the Kaluza-Klein Melvin background. In the static system the Melvin matrix model becomes the BFSS model with two extra mass terms and another term. We solve the equation of motion for simplest N=2 D0 branes system and find that there is a nontrivial configuration. Especially, we also make an ansatz to find the nonstatic solution. The new solution shows that D0 propagating in the magnetic tube field background may expand into a rotating noncommutative ring. E-mail: whhwung@mail.ncku. edu.tw
Joint longitudinal-failure time models for longitudinal prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and time of prostate recurrence

Current protocol for monitoring prostate cancer patients treated by radiotherapy for recurrence of disease is based on either the most recent prostate-specific antigen (PSA) value, or empirical summaries of the post-radiotherapy PSA sequence, such as whether or not three consecutive increases in PSA have occurred over any time interval. Joint statistical models for serial PSA and time to clinical recurrence applied to a training set of patients can alternatively provide a predicted probability of time to recurrence for a new patient based on multiple summaries of his specific PSA history. The formulation of parsimonious joint longitudinal-failure time models, Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo procedures for model-fitting and construction of recurrence predictions, model selection for covariates in the longitudinal and survival components of the model, and external validation methods are discussed in the context of an ongoing study comprising 5,000 prostate cancer patients treated at the University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Clinic, Massachusetts General Hospital and Radiation Therapy Oncology Group in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
1 . 1 The status of string theory : a brief review

These lectures provide an introduction to the subject of tachyon condensation in the open bosonic string. The problem of tachyon condensation is first described in the context of the low-energy Yang-Mills description of a system of multiple D-branes, and then using the language of string field theory. An introduction is given to Witten’s cubic open bosonic string field theory. The Sen conjectures on tachyon condensation in open bosonic string field theory are introduced, and evidence confirming these conjectures is reviewed.
Role of Muscle LIM Protein in Mechanotransduction Process

The induction of protein synthesis is crucial to counteract the deconditioning of neuromuscular system and its atrophy. In the past, hormones and cytokines acting as growth factors involved in the intracellular events of these processes have been identified, while the implications of signaling pathways associated with the anabolism/catabolism ratio in reference to the molecular mechanism of skeletal muscle hypertrophy have been recently identified. Among them, the mechanotransduction resulting from a mechanical stress applied to the cell appears increasingly interesting as a potential pathway for therapeutic intervention. At present, there is an open question regarding the type of stress to apply in order to induce anabolic events or the type of mechanical strain with respect to the possible mechanosensing and mechanotransduction processes involved in muscle cells protein synthesis. This review is focused on the muscle LIM protein (MLP), a structural and mechanosensing protein with a LIM domain, which is expressed in the sarcomere and costamere of striated muscle cells. It acts as a transcriptional cofactor during cell proliferation after its nuclear translocation during the anabolic process of differentiation and rebuilding. Moreover, we discuss the possible opportunity of stimulating this mechanotransduction process to counteract the muscle atrophy induced by anabolic versus catabolic disorders coming from the environment, aging or myopathies.
The effectiveness of eyespots and masquerade in protecting artificial prey across ontogenetic and seasonal shifts

Abstract When constraints on antipredator coloration shift over the course of development, it can be advantageous for animals to adopt different color strategies for each life stage. Many caterpillars in the genus Papilio exhibit unique ontogenetic color sequences: for example, early instars that masquerade as bird feces, with later instars possessing eyespots. I hypothesize that larvae abandon feces masquerade in favor of eyespots due to ontogenetic changes in signaler size. This ontogenetic pattern also occurs within broader seasonal shifts in background color and predator activity. I conducted predation experiments with artificial prey to determine how potential signaling constraints (specifically size and season) shape predation risk, and consequently the expression of ontogenetic color change in Papilio larvae. Seasonally, both predation and background greenness declined significantly from July to September, though there was little evidence that these patterns impacted the effectiveness of either color strategy. Caterpillar size and color strongly affected the attack rate of avian predators: attacks increased with prey size regardless of color, and eyespotted prey were attacked more than masquerading prey overall. These results may reflect a key size-mediated tradeoff between conspicuousness and intimidation in eyespotted prey, and raise questions about how interwoven aspects of behavior and signal environment might maintain the prevalence of large, eyespotted larvae in nature.
mtDNA mutations, hearing loss and aminoglycoside treatment in Mexicans

Abstract Streptomycin and aminoglycoside derivatives are commonly used to treat tuberculosis and other stubborn infections; these drugs may alter auditory and/or vestibular function. Mutations in mitochondrial DNA have been associated with hypersensitivity to aminoglycosides; no studies have been conducted in Mexicans, which are very prone to such alterations because aminoglycosides have been prescribed carelessly for many years, irrespective of the ailment to be treated. Aim We investigated “hot spot” mutations described previously as causing inner ear alterations. Methods Hot spot mutations at the 12S rRNA gene and the tRNA Serine (UCN) gene were screened by PCR-RFLP and sequencing in 65 subjects undergoing audiological and vestibular testing. Study Design Experimental. Results 32 individuals had healthy auditory and vestibular function, whereas 33 subjects had auditory affections. We found none of the previously reported mutations related to aminoglycoside hypersensitivity, or non-syndromic hearing loss. Two hearing-impaired patients that had been treated with streptomycin had the T1189C variant of the mitochondrial 12S rRNA region. Conclusion Mutations related to hearing loss in other ethnic backgrounds were not found in Mexicans. However, the T1189C variant is possibly a putative mutation related to aminoglycoside hypersensitivity and was present in 2 patients.
Partikelmodellierung der Strukturbildung akustischer Kavitationsblasen in Wechselwirkung mit dem Schalldruckfeld

When a strong acoustic field is coupled into a liquid, it ruptures and bubbles emerge (acoustic cavitation). The acoustic cavitation bubbles show volume oscillations as well as a translative behavior which may result in complex spatial and temporal structure formation. For the modeling of this phenomenon a numerical simulation method is developed and applied to typical bubble formations. The results are compared to experimental observations.A numerical model is constructed which captures the interaction of the sound field with multi bubble structures. It consists of three parts which are coupled:Usage of the first and second model yields very good results for systems of one and two bubbles in an acoustic range of 25 kHz driving pressure. In the experimental preparation the bubbles are produced by optical breakdown. The bubble motion is observed and compared to results of the simulation. Multi bubble structures of about 30 bubbles near a pressure antinode are reproduced by the model in good agreement to three-dimensional experimental observations.By combining all three models via an iterative stepping between the pressure field and the bubble density calculations, the influence of the changing bubble formation on the pressure field can be included. The entire model is used to calculate a quasi two-dimensional filamentary bubble structure in a standing wave field. The rearrangement of the structure, induced by the shift of resonance frequency, can be reproduced. Additionally, the calculation shows fluctuations of the bubble structure without changing of external parameters, as observed in experiments. Furthermore, a special double layer bubble formation around the antinode of a standing wavefield is modeled and discussed.
Optimization by Vector Space Methods

From the Publisher: Engineers must make decisions regarding the distribution of expensive resources in a manner that will be economically beneficial. This problem can be realistically formulated and logically analyzed with optimization theory. This book shows engineers how to use optimization theory to solve complex problems. Unifies the large field of optimization with a few geometric principles. Covers functional analysis with a minimum of mathematics. Contains problems that relate to the applications in the book.
Properties of the Exotic Characteristic Homomorphism for a Pair of Lie Algebroids, Relationship with the Koszul Homomorphism for a Pair of Lie algebras

We examine functorial and homotopy properties of the exotic characteristic homomorphism in the category of Lie algebroids which was lastly obtained by the authors in [4]. This homomorphism depends on a triple (A,B,$\nabla$) where B $\subset$ A are regular Lie algebroids, both over the same regular foliated manifold (M,F), and $\nabla$ is a flat L-connection in A, where L is an arbitrary Lie algebroid over M. The Rigidity Theorem (i.e. the independence from the choice of homotopic Lie subalgebroids of B) is obtained. The exotic characteristic homomorphism is factorized by one (called universal) obtained for a pair of regular Lie algebroids. We raise the issue of injectivity of the universal homomorphism and establish injectivity for special cases. Here the Koszul homomorphism for pairs of isotropy Lie algebras plays a major role.