Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
LifeStep - A lesion oriented, life cycle approach to preventing lame- ness in dairy herds

Lameness prevention begins during the heifer rearing period and extends throughout the life cycle of the dairy cow. Prevention strategies must target the three dominant lesions causing lameness – digital dermatitis, sole ulcer and white line lesions. Each lesion type requires specific targeted strategies to aid in their prevention, which demands attention to regular routine hooftrimming, records analysis, surveillance for lame cows, hoof hygiene and foot bath management, reducing the risk for increased standing time and attention to flooring to reduce the risk for trauma and slipping. This workshop will focus on prevention and provide attendees the tools they need to impact lameness problems in their dairy herds.
Tidal changes in PaO 2 and their relationship to cyclical lung recruitment/derecruitment in a porcine lung injury model

Background: Tidal recruitment/derecruitment (R/D) of collapsed regions in lung injury has been presumed to cause respiratory oscillations in the partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO 2 ). These phenomena have not yet been studied simultaneously. We examined the relationship between R/D and PaO 2 oscillations by contemporaneous measurement of lung-density changes and PaO 2 . Methods: Five anaesthetised pigs were studied after surfactant depletion via a saline-lavage model of R/D. The animals were ventilated with a mean fraction of inspired O 2 (FiO 2 ) of 0.7 and a tidal volume of 10 ml kg (cid:1) 1 . Protocolised changes in pressure- and volume-controlled modes, inspiratory:expiratory ratio (I:E), and three types of breath-hold manoeuvres were undertaken. Lung collapse and PaO 2 were recorded using dynamic computed tomography (dCT) and a rapid PaO 2 sensor. Results: During tidal ventilation, the expiratory lung collapse increased when I:E < 1 [mean (standard deviation) lung collapse ¼ 15.7 (8.7)%; P < 0.05], but the amplitude of respiratory PaO 2 oscillations [2.2 (0.8) kPa] did not change during the respiratory cycle. The expected relationship between respiratory PaO 2 oscillation amplitude and R/D was therefore not clear. Lung collapse increased during breath-hold manoeuvres at end-expiration and end-inspiration (14% vs 0.9 e 2.1%; P < 0.0001). The mean change in PaO 2 from beginning to end of breath-hold manoeuvres was signiﬁcantly different with each type of breath-hold manoeuvre ( P < 0.0001). Conclusions: This study in a porcine model of collapse-prone lungs did not demonstrate the expected association between PaO 2 oscillation amplitude and the degree of recruitment/derecruitment. The results suggest that changes in pulmonary ventilation are not the sole determinant of changes in PaO 2 during mechanical ventilation in lung injury. measurements of inter- and intra-animal variability during tidal ventilation under different conditions. The effect of type of breath-hold manoeuvre on the change in lung collapse was compared using a Kruskal e Wallis test with Dunn’s correction for multiple comparisons. A two-way ANOVA was used to examine the effects of individual animal and type of breath-hold manoeuvre on the change in PaO 2 . Spearman correlations were used to assess the relationship between change in collapse and change in PaO 2 .
Effectiveness of involving the industrial and business professions into mechanical engineering capstone course

Capstone design, along with the last courses before graduation, is one of the major performance indicators of the student outcome in an undergraduate mechanical engineering program. Educational topics on the capstone course, such as the instruction content, course design, procedures, and timeline schedule, have been deliberated by engineering instructors in higher education. Meanwhile, more and more universities started to invite mentorship or advisement from industrial personnel to the capstone design classes as practical experience is also a significant factor in the engineering study. In this article, a senior design course for undergraduate mechanical engineering program is introduced. Collaboration and mentoring by industrial and business professions are offered in the course, though optional for students. As a result, the students in the same capstone course, though got the same lecture classes and follow the same design schedule, can be divided into three different groups: Group 1 worked in traditional design format, Group 2 received mentorship not only from the instructor but also from industrial professions, and Group 3 received help from a business profession. The course and project outcome of the three groups are evaluated by various assessment and results are demonstrated and discussed.
An Implementation of Medical Image Mosaicing System Based on Oriented FAST and Rotated BRIEF Approach

: Image stitching is a technique that combines two or more images that are taken from different view of the same scene to obtain a panoramic image. Image stitching is used in medical applications for stitching of X-ray images. As the traditional system of X-ray machine cannot capture the whole body structure in a single image. So, images stitching solves this problem by combining two or more x-ray images into a large view one. This paper proposes an algorithm which automatically stitches the x-ray images with overlapped region. The stitching method is based on ORB features (Oriented FAST and Rotated BRIEF features). The proposed system is designed with five stages, preprocessing, features extraction, features matching, Homography estimation and images stitching. In feature detection stage, Oriented FAST approach is used. In feature description stage, Rotated BRIEF approach is applied. The two primary parameters for measuring the stitching performance are the quality of the resultant image and the processing time. Therefore, the main objective of this paper is to produce a high quality image stitching system with low processing time. First, we compare many different features detectors. We test SIFT method, SURF method, Harris corner detector and ORB approach to measure the correct detection rate of the feature points and computation time. Second, we measure the quality of result images that produced by stitching system of different feature detection methods. From experimental results, we conclude that ORB approach is the fastest, more accurate, and higher performance.
MELATONIN: A BETTER CANCER TREATMENT OPTION

: Cancer is a group of diseases which is characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of cells and their invasion to nearby tissues from primary ones, and formation of secondary tumor mass by the process called metastasis. Its prevalence is worldwide. Cancer cells having some properties which poses difficulty in cancer treatment include dysregulated metabolism, genomic instability, immune avoidance, increased telomerase activity resulting resistant to most of the cancer treatments. Cancer treatment requires expensive therapies such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Such treatments generally lead to several side effects therefore there is a need of other alternative, effective and less expensive treatment options. One of such option is melatonin which plays an important role in circadian rhythm regulation. An extensive study on melatonin shows that it can be used as an anti-cancer agent. In this review, the main aim is to provide a brief overview about the role of melatonin in alleviation of cancer initiation, progression and metastasis. The emphasis has been given to the studies where melatonin and its metabolites have been used in a concentration dependent manner in preclinical (in vitro as well as in vivo) studies.
Fluxbranes in string theory The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters

A ﬂux p-brane in D dimensions has (p+1)-dimensional Poincare invariance and a nonzero rank (D-p-1) ﬁeld strength tangent to the transverse dimensions. We ﬁnd a family of such solutions in string theory and M-theory and investigate their properties.
The co-phasing detection method for sparse optical synthetic aperture systems

Co-phasing between different sub-apertures is important for sparse optical synthetic aperture telescope systems to achieve high-resolution imaging. For co-phasing detection in such a system, a new aspect of the system's far-field interferometry is analysed and used to construct a novel method to detect piston errors. An optical setup is built to demonstrate the efficacy of this method. Experimental results show that the relative differences between measurements by this method and the criterion are less than 4%, and their residual detecting errors are about 0.01 lambda for different piston errors, which makes the use of co-phasing detection within such a system promising.
Modeling the Acute Effects of Exercise on Glucose Dynamics in Nondiabetic Subjects

S. Frank, A. Jbaily, and A. J. Szeri were with the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the University of California Berkeley. L. Hinshaw is with the Division of Endocrinology at Mayo Clinic. R. Basu and A. Basu were with the Division of Endocrinology at Mayo Clinic. Present address: Division of Endocrinology at the University of Virginia School of Medicine. A. J. Szeri is now at the University of British Columbia. A. Jbaily is now at the Department of Public Health at Harvard University. S. Frank is now at Dexcom in San Diego, CA. Corresponding author S. Frank spencerfrank@berkeley.edu
A Qualitative Comparison of Selected Automatic Depth Map Generators

The goal of the present report is to qualitatively compare the quality of depth maps generated by selected automatic depth map generators available at [3]. Focus is given on what are believed to be the four best automatic depth map generators, namely, DMAG2 [4] (an implementation of “Adaptive support-weight approach for correspondence search” by Yoon et al. [14]), DMAG5 [5] (an implementation of “Fast cost-volume filtering for visual correspondence and beyond” by Rhemann et al.” [13]), DMAG6 [6] (“Efficient belief propagation for early vision” by Felzenszwalb et al. [11]), and DMAG7 [7] (an implementation of “Fast Bilateral-Space Stereo for Synthetic Defocus” by Barron et al. [2, 1, 10]). The comparison is purely qualitative, that is, it is based solely on what the depth maps obtained look like (no ground truth depth maps available). The stereo pairs used to generate the depth maps were all taken with an HTC Evo 3d cell phone (baseline is about 30 mm). They all have the same dimensions: 1920x1080 (two megapixels). The first section briefly presents the methodology behind each of the automatic depth map generators that are gonna be tested as well as the parameters used. The second section shows the depth maps generated by each depth map generator for each stereo pair that was used in the testing. This reports ends with a discussion about the results and a comparison between the depth map generators is attempted.
ROLE OF E WORD OF MOUTH IN M COMMERCE AGE: AN EXPLORATION

M-Commerce is growing at a fast pace in developing economies and in countries like India where more and more people are equipping themselves in tech savvy practices. In fast life where people don’t want to move to market due to several reasons, M-Commerce has is attracted million of buyers and sellers. E-WoM is playing an important role in attracting the buyers as E-WoM is a convenient and efficient way to inform and collect the knowledge of a product and services on the platform. According to Nielsen, 92 percent of consumers believe that WoM from family and friends is more effective than any other form of marketing including E-WoM. Whereas other study says that, 64 percent of marketing executives finds that E-WoM is the most effective form of marketing tool. Results of two separate studies are ambiguous leading to confusion and problem, hence this study has undertaken the objectives like finding various determinants, assessing the effect of E-WoM, explore the motivation to process the E-WoM etc. Through the rigorous literature review, this study highlights the importance of High Source Credibility, Positive perceived Valence, Exposure to Internet and third party Website of influential E-WoM. In addition to it, this study highlights the importance of Positive and Negative E-WoM and their influence over E-WoM and subsequently on customer buying decision making. Results further suggest that social benefits, economic incentives, concern for others, and extraversion/self-enhancement are the primary reasons consumers writes their experiences on opinion platforms.
and antioxidant capacity of the phenolic compounds from

Polyphenol composition of the shell, pulp, and roasted and unroasted kernels of the argan fruit was qualitatively and quantitatively determined by HPLC coupled with electrospray negative ionization ion trap MS (HPLC-ESI-MS). Eleven phenolic compounds were identified. Unroasted kernels and shell contained various polyphenols but the pulp was characterized by a very high amount of total polyphenols (75.78 mg of gallic acid equivalent/g). The radical scavenging (DPPH. method) and antioxidant activity (ABTS method) of each fruit part was also determined. Argan fruit pulp showed the highest radical scavenging activity (0.17 0.005 m M Trolox equivalent (TE)/mg) and antioxidant activity (0.375 0.07 m M TE/mg). Therefore, argan fruit polyphenols are good candidates to be exploited as health supplements and nutraceuticals.
ESTIMATION LEAF AREA MODEL AND GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF BUCKWHEAT UNDER IRAQI ENVIRONMENT CONDITIONS

Three separate experiments were conducted during the growing season 2013. The first experiment was applied to estimate the leaf area of buckwheat Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Var. Hruszowska via a simple model derived from triangle area. Buckwheat leaf parameters; height (h) and the baseline (b) were combined as an equation of triangle area then adjusted. Two models were compared with the conventional method (Millimeter graph paper) using simple linear regression. Regression analysis showed that the two models could be used for determining leaf area of buckwheat. The model equation of (((1/2BC.AG)-(1/2EF.DG)). (1/2EF.DG) /(1/2BC.AG)-(1/2EF.DG)) gave the most accurate estimate (r2=0.989, with linear equation of y=0.707x+0.596). The second experiment was conducted to evaluate buckwheat growth performance under various sowing dates. Results showed that the buckwheat seed sowing at 6 th September was significantly improved number of leaves per plant11.83, inflorescences per plant19.33 and seeds per plant 47.67. As well as, plants were sown in this date were taken the lowest period from sowing to germinate. The third experiment was applied to evaluate growth performance of buckwheat under two growing locations. Al-Fallujah location was more suitable to buckwheat plants as compared with Al-Ramadi location wherein most of the growth parameters were increased. As a result, the proposed linear equation could be replaced with the derived model equation above (x= calculated area, y= adjusted area) to estimate buckwheat leaf area. Furthermore, al - Fallujah location was fitted to establish buckwheat and this plant could be sown at 6 th September. Thus, it could be recommended that multi-environment test it is very important to evaluate proposed leaf area model.
Characterizing the Putative Disperser Morph in Naked Mole- Rats

Naked mole-rats are eusocial mammals; their hierarchy consists of one breeding female, 1 to 3 male consorts, and their reproductively suppressed siblings and offspring. A potential “disperser” subcaste has been suggested. The purpose of the current study was to better characterize the putative disperser morph. I hypothesized that dispersers and workers would exhibit different incolony and out-colony behaviors, colony characteristics would affect the presence of dispersers, and dispersers would reproduce quicker than workers. The results found that naked mole-rats of both sexes consistently dispersed. Male dispersers and workers had minimal differences in incolony behaviors and both preferred familiar colony odor. Queen aggression increased presence of female dispersers only. Dispersers were heavier and fatter than workers. Dispersers and workers produced litters at a similar rate to each other. These results suggest that dispersers may not be a separate subcaste, but rather a subset of the existing workers with increased exploratory behavior.
Evaluation of the in vitro activity of ceftaroline, ceftazidime/avibactam and comparator antimicrobial agents against clinical isolates from paediatric patients in Kuwait: ATLAS data 2012-19.

Objectives To report antimicrobial resistance data for Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens isolated from paediatric patients in three hospitals in Kuwait during 2012-19. Methods In vitro activity of antimicrobials against isolates from documented infections was determined using CLSI broth microdilution method and breakpoints at a central laboratory. Enterobacterales and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were screened for β-lactamases using multiplex PCR assays. Phenotypic determination of resistance in Haemophilus influenzae and Gram-positive isolates was performed using standard methodologies. Results Among 515 Enterobacterales isolates, 29.3% were ESBL-positive; susceptibility was highest to amikacin, ceftazidime/avibactam and meropenem (≥97.4%), regardless of ESBL status. CTX-M-15 was identified in 87.1% of ESBL-positive Escherichia coli and 84.2% of ESBL-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates. Of 111 P. aeruginosa isolates, 9.9% were MDR and 12.6% meropenem-resistant (MEM-R). Amikacin and ceftazidime/avibactam had the highest susceptibility rates in the overall group (≥92.8%), with reduced rates among MDR and MEM-R isolates. All 269 MRSA and 180 MSSA isolates were susceptible to daptomycin, linezolid, teicoplanin, tigecycline and vancomycin. All MSSA and 99.3% of MRSA were ceftaroline susceptible. All 168 pneumococcal isolates were susceptible to ceftaroline, linezolid, tigecycline and vancomycin. H. influenzae and Streptococcus pyogenes ceftaroline susceptibility rates were ≥93.3% and ≥95.6%. Conclusions Most isolates of Enterobacterales (including resistant phenotypes) and P. aeruginosa from Kuwait during 2012-19 were susceptible to ceftazidime/avibactam. Ceftaroline was active against most Gram-positive isolates, including resistant phenotypes, and ESBL-negative Enterobacterales. These results indicate that novel antibiotics such as ceftazidime/avibactam and ceftaroline represent valuable treatment options for paediatric infections, including those caused by MDR organisms.
Production of Muramic -Lactam in Bacillus subtilis

Bacterial spore heat resistance is primarily dependent upon dehydration of the spore cytoplasm, a state that is maintained by the spore peptidoglycan wall, the spore cortex. A peptidoglycan structural modification found uniquely in spores is the formation of muramic -lactam. Production of muramic -lactam in Bacillus subtilis requires removal of a peptide side chain from the N-acetylmuramic acid residue by a cwlD-encoded muramoylL-Alanine amidase. Expression of cwlD takes place in both the mother cell and forespore compartments of sporulating cells, though expression is expected to be required only in the mother cell, from which cortex synthesis derives. Expression of cwlD in the forespore is in a bicistronic message with the upstream gene ybaK. We show that ybaK plays no apparent role in spore peptidoglycan synthesis and that expression of cwlD in the forespore plays no significant role in spore peptidoglycan formation. Peptide cleavage by CwlD is apparently followed by deacetylation of muramic acid and lactam ring formation. The product of pdaA (yfjS), which encodes a putative deacetylase, has recently been shown to also be required for muramic -lactam formation. Expression of CwlD in Escherichia coli results in muramoyl L-Alanine amidase activity but no muramic -lactam formation. Expression of PdaA alone in E. coli had no effect on E. coli peptidoglycan structure, whereas expression of CwlD and PdaA together resulted in the formation of muramic -lactam. CwlD and PdaA are necessary and sufficient for muramic -lactam production, and no other B. subtilis gene product is required. PdaA probably carries out both deacetylation and lactam ring formation and requires the product of CwlD activity as a substrate.
Research Online Research Online Using Asterisms to decode multi-user MIMO systems Using Asterisms to decode multi-user MIMO systems

— The area of Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) communications systems has received enormous attention recently as they can provide a roughly linear increase in data rate by using multiple transmit and receive antennas. MIMO combined with an Turbo coding has been shown as a promising way to achieve near capacity for wireless channels. This paper proposes applying an Asterism based decoder to produce an additional multi user access scheme on top of the primary access method for Ad Hoc networks. After reviewing Sphere and Asterism decoding for MIMO systems with a larger number of transmit than receive antennas, this paper then shows how multiple users transmitting simultaneously can be represented as a MIMO system with more transmit than receive antennas.
Peningkatan Network Lifetime Pada Wireless Sensor Network Menggunakan Clustered Shortest Geopath Routing (C-SGP) Protocol

Abstrak Jaringan sensor nirkabel atau wireless sensor network adalah sebuah jaringan yang terdiri dari banyak sensor node , yang berfungsi untuk memindai fenomena tertentu di sekitarnya. Masing-masing sensor node pada umumnya memiliki sumber daya energi berupa baterai, yang memiliki kapasitas terbatas, sehingga diperlukan sebuah teknik untuk meningkatkan network lifetime pada wireless sensor network . Pada penelitian ini, protokol routing Shortest Geopath (SGP) dikembangkan menjadi sebuah protokol routing berbasis cluster , dengan membagi jaringan menjadi beberapa cluster yang masing-masing memiliki cluster head . Pembentukan cluster dilakukan dengan menggunakan informasi geografis area jaringan untuk membentuk cluster berupa segi enam ( hexagon ). Penentuan cluster head dilakukan dengan mencari node yang memiliki posisi geografis paling dekat dengan titik tengah area cluster . Pengiriman data dilakukan dengan sistem adaptif, dimana data dengan prioritas rendah dikirim setelah mencapai jumlah data tertentu, dan dikirim setelah melalui proses rata-rata sehingga hanya menghasilkan satu data untuk dikirim. Data dengan prioritas tinggi, dikirim langsung menuju sink . Hasil simulasi menunjukkan peningkatan network lifetime hingga 25,68% jika dibandingkan dengan protokol routing Shortest Geopath yang tidak melalui proses clustering . Kata kunci : Network Lifetime, clustering, Shortest Geopath Routing, Wireless Sensor Network Abstract Wireless sensor network is a type of network consisting many sensor nodes. Each sensor node has a limited battery capcity, which most of the time, cannot be recharged. Thus, researches on extending network lifetime of wireless sensor networks are indispensable. T his research proposed a cluster-based routing protocol, which adds clustering phase to the Shortest Geopath Routing (SGP) protocol. Cluster formation is done by forming imaginary hexagons using geographical informations about the network. Node which is nearest to the center point of the hexagon is appointed to be cluster head. Data transmissions are controlled by an adaptive mechanism . Low priority datas are only sent after the responsible node already obtained a specified number of datas. The datas, then, are being averaged and wrapped into a single data to be sent to the sink. Very high priority datas are, however, directly sent to the sink without passing the averaging process . It reduces the number of transmissions , which eventually help extending the network lifetime together with the clustering mechanism. Simulation results showed that the proposed protocol increases network lifetime up to 25.68 % compared to the original un-clustered Shortest Geopath Routing protocol. Keywords : Network Lifetime, clustering, Shortest Geopath Routing, Wireless Sensor Network