Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Recurrent HGNET-MN1 altered (astroblastoma MN1-altered) of the foramen magnum: Case report and molecular classification

Background: Astroblastoma is a rare primary brain tumor of unclear origin, often occurring in young patients less than 30-years-old. It typically arises supratentorially and is diagnosed based on histological features including vascular hyalinization and perivascular pseudorosettes. Recent molecular characterization of primary CNS high-grade neuroepithelial tumors with meningioma I alteration (HGNET-MN1) found that HGNET-MN1 and tumors with morphological signatures of astroblastoma clustered together. Further analysis revealed such astroblastomas have MN1 alteration and the 2021 WHO classification of tumors of the CNS now recognizes astroblastoma MN1-altered as a new entity. Case Description: Here, we present the case of a 36-year-old right-handed woman with recurrent low-grade astroblastoma in the cervicomedullary junction. The patient presented with worsening motor and sensory deficits of her upper extremities, pain, ataxia, visual disturbance, and nausea. Due to extensive recurrence and neurological symptoms, the patient underwent reoperation. Conclusion: We review a rare case of recurrent astroblastoma in the foramen magnum in light of new relevant literature about tumor biology and prognostic significance of the new classification of astroblastoma MN1-altered.
Herzberg’s ‘Hygiene’ Factor and Secondary Islamic Studies Teachers’ Motivation Level

This paper intends to investigate the Secondary school Islamic Studies teachers' motivational level and factors that regulate it. The relationship between multiple motivational factors which form the 'Hygiene' factors of the Herzberg Two-Factor Theory and their motivational level is analyzed. A modified version of The Teacher's Motivation and Job Satisfaction Survey is employed in 173 respondents in this quantitative study. It is observed that the Secondary school Islamic education teachers' motivational level remains high (min = 4.40). It is also discovered that there is a moderate correlation between the Secondary school Islamic education teachers' motivational level and the motivational factors (r = 0.345). 'Hygiene' or extrinsic factors such as the workplace condition, relationship between coworkers, leadership, remuneration, and job security have been found to significantly affect these educators' motivational levels. It is believed that this study provides significant insights into the Malaysian education system for various stakeholders, particularly in enhancing the motivation of the teachers while elevating their professionalism
Receiver Design Methodology for Solar Tower Power Plants

Centrala solmottagarsystem (CRS) ar pa frammarsch pa grund av deras hoga koncentrationsfaktor och hoga potential att minska kostnaderna genom att oka kapacitetsfaktorn av solkraftanlaggningar med l .
Electroactive Polymer (EAP) Actuators as Artificial Muscles: Reality, Potential, and Challenges, Second Edition

In concept and execution, this book covers the field of EAP with careful attention to all its key aspects and full infrastructure, including the available materials, analytical models, processing techniques, and characterization methods. In this second edition the reader is brought current on promising advances in EAP that have occurred in electric EAP, electroactive polymer gels, ionomeric polymer-metal composites, carbon nanotube actuators, and more.
Carbon and Trace Element Compositions of Total Suspended Particles (TSP) and Nanoparticles (PM0.1) in Ambient Air of Southern Thailand and Characterization of Their Sources

The concentration of total suspended particles (TSP) and nanoparticles (PM0.1) over Hat Yai city, Songkhla province, southern Thailand was measured in 2019. Organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) were evaluated by carbon aerosol analyzer (IMPROVE-TOR) method. Thirteen trace elements including Al, Ba, K, Cu, Cr, Fe, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Ti, Pb, and Zn were evaluated by ICP-OES. Annual average TSP and PM0.1 mass concentrations were determined to be 58.3 ± 7.8 and 10.4 ± 1.2 µg/m3, respectively. The highest levels of PM occurred in the wet season with the corresponding values for the dry seasons being lower. The averaged OC/EC ratio ranged from 3.8–4.2 (TSP) and 2.5–2.7 (PM0.1). The char to soot ratios were constantly less than 1.0 for both TSP and PM0.1, indicating that land transportation is the main emission source. A principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that road transportation, industry, and biomass burning are the key sources of these particles. However, PM arising from Indonesian peatland fires causes an increase in the carbon and trace element concentrations in southern Thailand. The findings make useful information for air quality management and strategies for controlling this problem, based on a source apportionment analysis.
Neurocognitive Disorders in Mild Head Trauma: Casablanca Experience

Background: Mild head trauma (MHT) is defined as loss of consciousness of less than 30 minutes, GCS> 13, post-traumatic amnesia duration of less than 24 hours. The aim of our study is to analyze all the neurological and psychological consequences of MHT Methods: We carried out a prospective study on 40 cases of mild head trauma in the neurosurgical diagnostic center of Ibn Rochd Hospital Casablanca over a period of 4 months. Results: The average age was 30 years, with 70% male predominance. At the time of the accident, more than 50% were in professional activity. Road accidents represent 78% of the causes. Hemorrhagic contusion was found in 35% of cases, epidural hematoma in 27%, and only 20% without any radiological abnormalities. The neuropsychiatric sequelae most frequently found are irritability in 92%, followed by headache and restlessness in 90% of cases, rapid mood changes in 87.5%, rapid fatigue, intolerance to noise and light, dizziness as well as memory disorders and sleep disorders are frequent. Patients with hemorrhagic contusions have heavier sequelae, a close relationship was observed between the sequelae of MHT and the disappearance of friendly relations in more than 50% of our patients, as well as the job loss. In 45% of patients, with a marked decline in leisure activities and sports practice. Conclusion: MHT is a frequent pathology, with a good evolution but sometimes heavy and underestimated neuropsychiatric sequelae. The legal implications are important and lack specificity and the cost is enormous.
Neuroprotective Potential of Dendritic Cells and Sirtuins in Multiple Sclerosis

Myeloid cells, including parenchymal microglia, perivascular and meningeal macrophages, and dendritic cells (DCs), are present in the central nervous system (CNS) and establish an intricate relationship with other cells, playing a crucial role both in health and in neurological diseases. In this context, DCs are critical to orchestrating the immune response linking the innate and adaptive immune systems. Under steady-state conditions, DCs patrol the CNS, sampling their local environment and acting as sentinels. During neuroinflammation, the resulting activation of DCs is a critical step that drives the inflammatory response or the resolution of inflammation with the participation of different cell types of the immune system (macrophages, mast cells, T and B lymphocytes), resident cells of the CNS and soluble factors. Although the importance of DCs is clearly recognized, their exact function in CNS disease is still debated. In this review, we will discuss modern concepts of DC biology in steady-state and during autoimmune neuroinflammation. Here, we will also address some key aspects involving DCs in CNS patrolling, highlighting the neuroprotective nature of DCs and emphasizing their therapeutic potential for the treatment of neurological conditions. Recently, inhibition of the NAD+-dependent deac(et)ylase sirtuin 6 was demonstrated to delay the onset of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, by dampening DC trafficking towards inflamed LNs. Thus, a special focus will be dedicated to sirtuins’ role in DCs functions.
Investigation of the effect of hard disk drive unbalance on repeatable and nonrepeatable runout

Unbalance caused by uneven distribution of mass on rotational part of the hard disk drive (HDD) induces significant vibrations that can result in disk slippage, wear of the spindle motor bearing and vibration of the HDD assembly. This paper describes design and evaluation of soft balancing machine that can be used for the measurement of the unbalance of HDD or any other rotating machine. Designed balancing machine is subsequently used to achieve near perfect unbalance correction of the hard disk drive test set-up. Mass with a known weight is then added on the rotational part of the balanced HDD in order to introduce known unbalance. Next, position error signal (PES) is measured and used to evaluate the effect of known unbalance on repeatable runout (RRO) and nonrepeatable runout (NRRO). From the measurement of the position error signal it was found that the unbalance has negligible effect on nonrepeatable runout but has significant effect on the first harmonic of the repeatable runout.
Are there Biological Evidences of the Influence of Social Networking Sites in Human Behavior? A Mini Review

It is a fact that social and cultural interaction has an influence on decision-making processes and on the behavior of humans through the so-called reward mechanisms. The effects of a reward stimulus on behavior and decision can be observed in the human brain through the activity of a specific circuit of reward that consists of the orbitofrontal cortex, striatum and amygdala, with dopaminergic modulation. These interactions are also sometimes called the mesocorticolimbic system. This mechanism is present in other animals and mammals and probably emerged as an advantageous feature allowing species to adapt to the environment. However, the dysfunction of this system is associated with several neuropsychiatric disorders, such as autism spectrum disorders, schizophrenia or drug addiction. In this context, it is well known that social networking sites have revolutionized the form of social and cultural interactions, connecting millions of people in real time and leveraging the social reward mechanism in individuals. Furthermore, social networking sites have been used as important tools for the dissemination of ideas that directly impact people’s lives, from the philosophical, scientific and even presidential campaigns. Meanwhile, the possible neurological effects of this new form of social interaction are still poorly studied and important questions need to be answered. In this paper, we discuss some of these issues.
Effect of sodium chloride on basidiospore germination and vegetative mycelial growth of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Rhizopogon roseolus

Rhizopogon roseolus is a basidiomycetous ectomycorrhizal fungus that inhabits mainly coastal areas. Understanding the response of this fungus to salinity at each stage of its life cycle will lead to elucidation of the strategies for its propagation. This study examined the effect of sodium chloride (NaCl) on basidiospore germination and mycelial growth of both homokaryotic and heterokaryotic strains of R. roseolus, on nutrient agar media with varying concentrations of NaCl (0, 50, 150, and 300 mM). Regardless of the presence of NaCl, R. roseolus basidiospores germinated and the germlings grew, forming compatible fusions. In addition, all multispore strains, including homokaryons and heterokaryons, grew under these NaCl conditions. Most of these strains had an effective concentration inhibiting mycelial growth by 50% value greater than 300 mM of NaCl. These results indicate that R. roseolus can germinate, grow, and mate in the presence of NaCl, allowing it to propagate in saline habitats.
Red Cell Alloimmunization and Autoimmunization Among Sickle Cell Disease and Thalassemia Patients in Jazan Province, Saudi Arabia

Purpose Sickle cell disease (SCD) and thalassemia are common inherited blood disorders in Saudi Arabia, especially in Jazan Province. Patients with these disorders require multiple blood transfusions, which may lead to alloimmunization because of mismatched blood group antigens. In this study, we examined the alloimmunization and autoimmunization rates in patients with SCD and thalassemia together with the involved antibodies. Patients and Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to review the transfusion history records of patients with SCD and thalassemia at Prince Mohammed bin Nasser Hospital, Jazan Province, Saudi Arabia. Results Four-hundred thirty-eight patients (385 with SCD, 52 with β-thalassemia, and 1 with α-thalassemia) were received leukoreduced red cell transfusions. The alloimmunization and autoimmunization rates in patients with SCD were 12.98% and 0.52%, respectively. In patients with thalassemia, the alloimmunization and autoimmunization rates were 13.21% and 3.77%, respectively. The most prevalent antibodies in the study population were anti-E (17.19%) and anti-K (14.06%). Conclusion The alloimmunization and autoimmunization rates were determined in patients with SCD and thalassemia in Jazan Province, Saudi Arabia. The results highlight the need for extended phenotyping to include ABO, RH (D, C, c, E, e), K, Fya, Fyb, Jka and Jkb antigens in the screening panel. This will benefit patients to ensure better transfusion practices.
Development of an optical tracking system for a novel flexible and soft manipulator with controllable stiffness for minimal invasive surgery (MIS)

Abstract The use of new soft robots in minimally invasive surgery offers exciting new possibilities while it generates new challenges for the technical implementation. In this article, two methods for the detection of a soft flexible robot arm are presented. Based on the image information of an endoscopic camera, the visible sections are evaluated to determine the position of the robot. Both methods have been integrated and tested in the newly developed system.
RANCANG BANGUN PENGENDALI DAN MONITORING MOTOR DCMENGGUNAKAN KOMPUTER BERBASIS MIKROKONTROLLER

Dalam pengoperasian motor DC, kecepatan putaran motor tidak konstan. Kecepatan maksimum motor terjadii ketika motor tidak dibebani. Kecepatan motor jauh berkurang karena adanya beban yang harus dipikul oleh motor. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa kecepatan putaran diperlukan adalah kecepatan dimana motor sedang mendapat beban penuh. Rentang waktu dimana motor berputar tanpa beban cukup signifikan. Jika kecepatan motor pada waktu tersebut dapat diturunkan, konsumsi energi listrik menjadi berkurang. Pengaturan kecepatan dapat dilakukan dengan mengubah mengubah tegangan DC. Tujuan dari pembuatan alat ini adalah Merancang dan membuat alat untuk mengontrol dan memonitoring motor dc menggunakan arduino dan komputer serta untuk mempermudah pengontrolan motor dc dengan menggunakan komputer. Software labview dapat kita digunakan sebagai pengendali kecepatan putar dan pengereman motor dc dengan membuat sebuah program dari blok diagram dan front panel labview Kata kunci: Pengendali dan Monitoring, ,Motor DC, Komputer, Mikrokontroler, LabVIEW,
Measurement and analysis for frequency domain error of ultra-precision spindle in a flycutting machine tool

The ultra-precision spindle is the key component of ultra-precision machine tool, which largely influences the machining accuracy. Its frequency characteristics mainly affect the frequency domain error of the machined surface. In this article, the error measurement setup for the ultra-precision aerostatic spindle in a flycutting machine tool is established. The dynamic and multi-direction errors of the spindle are real-time measured under different rotation speeds. Then, frequency domain analysis is carried out to obtain its regularity characteristics based on the measurement result. Through the analysis, the main synchronous and asynchronous errors with relatively large amplitude of the spindle errors are found, and the amplitude change law of these main spindle errors is obtained. Besides, the cause of the main synchronous and asynchronous errors is also analyzed and indicated. This study deepens the understanding of ultra-precision spindle dynamic characteristics and plays the important role in the spindle frequency domain errors’ control, machining process planning, frequency characteristics analysis and oriented control of the machined surface errors.
Carrier reuse with gain compression and feed-forward semiconductor optical amplifiers

The results of two techniques for optical carrier regeneration and wavelength reuse using semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) are presented in this paper. The main objective is to recover an optical carrier by erasing its amplitude modulation. The first technique employs gain compression of deeply saturated SOAs. The second technique uses a feed-forward approach, where a delayed current signal is injected into the SOA with the same shape of the incoming optical pulse. The second technique could be capable to recover the optical carrier with less than 3-dB noise. However, it was observed that the SOA gain recovery time limits the maximum usable bit rate. Theoretical simulation showed good agreement with experimental results.
RT-QuIC and Related Assays for Detecting and Quantifying Prion-like Pathological Seeds of α-Synuclein

Various disease-associated forms or strains of α-synuclein (αSynD) can spread and accumulate in a prion-like fashion during synucleinopathies such as Parkinson’s disease (PD), Lewy body dementia (DLB), and multiple system atrophy (MSA). This capacity for self-propagation has enabled the development of seed amplification assays (SAAs) that can detect αSynD in clinical samples. Notably, α-synuclein real-time quaking-induced conversion (RT-QuIC) and protein misfolding cyclic amplification (PMCA) assays have evolved as ultrasensitive, specific, and relatively practical methods for detecting αSynD in a variety of biospecimens including brain tissue, CSF, skin, and olfactory mucosa from synucleinopathy patients. However, αSyn SAAs still lack concordance in detecting MSA and familial forms of PD/DLB, and the assay parameters show poor correlations with various clinical measures. End-point dilution analysis in αSyn RT-QuIC assays allows for the quantitation of relative amounts of αSynD seeding activity that may correlate moderately with clinical measures and levels of other biomarkers. Herein, we review recent advancements in α-synuclein SAAs for detecting αSynD and describe in detail the modified Spearman–Karber quantification algorithm used with end-point dilutions.
COVID-19 and the Infodemic: An Overview of the Role and Impact of Social Media, the Evolution of Medical Knowledge, and Emerging Problems

The infodemic is an important component of the cyber-risk in regard to the poor and uncontrolled dissemination of information related to the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study was to perform a narrative review based on three points of view to allow for an overall picture of this issue. The points of view focused on: (a) the volume of use of social media (a key element of the infodemic) and the position of international health domain bodies; (b) the evolution of scientific production in the life sciences; (c) emerging issues. The research methodology was based on Google and PubMed searches and a qualification process based on a standard checklist and an evaluation of eligibility based on parameters with five score levels applied by two experts (plus one in case of discrepancy). The three points of view stressed the key role of social media as a dissemination tool of the infodemic among citizens. The impact on citizens depends on various social factors and involves indirect (e.g., vaccine avoidance) and direct risks such as mental problems and the risk of suicide. The widespread diffusion of social media, conveyed by mobile technologies, also suggests their use as countermeasures, calibrated based on citizens’ level of both technological and health literacy. Effective and promising countermeasures in this direction are based both on initiatives of contact by apps or SMS and the collection of data based on surveys and finalized to the particular intervention. The review also suggests as further areas of in-depth research: (a) to combat high-level infodemic produced by scientific publications that are not yet official (preprint) or that have undergone peer review with bias/distortion; (b) focusing on the impact of the infodemic considering its spread in different languages.
Computational design of a mechanical test for material characterization by inverse analysis

With the development of full-field measurements methods, recent material parameters identification strategies call upon the use of heterogeneous tests. The inhomogeneous strain fields developed during these tests lead to a more complete mechanical characterization of the sheet metals, allowing the substantial reduction of the number of tests in the experimental database needed for material parameters identification purposes. In the present work, an innovative design optimization process for the development of heterogeneous tests is presented. The main goal is the design of a mechanical test able to characterize the material behavior of thin metallic sheets under several stress and strain paths and amplitudes. To achieve this aim, the study was carried out with a virtual material, though derived from experimental data. An indicator of the mechanical interest of the test was proposed, and was used in an optimization procedure to design both the boundary conditions and the sample shape. On the one hand, the virtual behavior of a mild steel was characterized using a complex phenomenological model composed by the Yld2004-18p anisotropic yield criterion combined with a mixed isotropic-kinematic hardening law and a macroscopic rupture criterion. An efficient material parameters identification process based on finite element model updating type was implemented and the identified parameters set was validated by performing a deep drawing test leading either to full drawing or rupture of the blank. On the other hand, an indicator which rates the strain field of the experiment by quantifying the mechanical information of the test was formulated. The relevance of the indicator was stressed out by the numerical analysis of already known classical as well as heterogeneous tests and the results obtained were validated by a material parameter sensitivity study. Two different optimization approaches were used for designing the heterogeneous test, namely (i) a one-step procedure designing both specimen shape and loading path by using a tool and (ii) a sequential incremental technique designing the specimen shape and the loading path of the specimen considering local displacements. The results obtained revealed that the optimization approach proposed was very promising for designing a single experiment able to fully characterize the several strain paths and amplitudes encountered in sheet metal forming processes.