Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Concentration of Acute Phase Proteins in Milk: A New Tool for Mastitis Diagnosis

Mastitis is a disease of the mammary gland, caused by pathogens like bacteria, fungi, virus, and algae. Bacteria are the principal agents, and the infection caused by then can be classified in contagious and environmental. Each of them present’s different and specific characteristics and control measures. The disease is responsible for high economic losses in the dairy production. In this way, it is necessary to minimize the losses. To attenuate the losses of the dairy producers, a precise and quickly diagnosis of mastitis is necessary. Currently, the tests used in dairy science are not so efficient, present’s low sensitivity, or provide low help to the veterinarian and/or producer to control mastitis on time to avoid new cases and solve those in course. Acute phase proteins maybe are produced in mammary gland and have a change on its concentration. The method to measure of these proteins can be implanted in a dipping machine like SCC, and help the professionals to determine which cow needs the treated. The aim of this paper is to explain how the APPs can be used as a new and better tool for the mastitis diagnosis.
HOW TO TREAT HELICOBACTER PYLORI

Similar to any bacterial infection, the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection is based on the use of antimicrobial agents. The first experiments performed during the early years after the discovery of H. pylori showed that no single agent could achieve its eradication at a sufficient rate. Dual antibiotic therapy increases the cure rate and avoids the selection of resistant strains. Despite these improvements, however, dual treatment was not efficient enough to be recommended for routine treatment. An adjuvant therapy is needed, and until now the best adjuvant therapy has comprised drugs that increase the pH of the stomach (i.e., antisecretory drugs and especially proton-pump inhibitors [PPI]) because most antibiotics have a decreased activity at low pH.43 Three antibiotics have drawn special attention: (1) Clarithromycin, the best compound in the macrolide group, but it is costly and selects resistant strains; (2) amoxicillin, for which resistance is virtually absent, but it has a poor diffusion in gastric tissue; and (3) metronidazole, whch has an excellent diffusion, but it induces and selects resistant strains. Because of these drawbacks, the success of the first-line therapies in practice is limited to 70% to 80%. Research now is focused on second-line therapies comprising a combination of other antibiotics with those previously cited; there is a need for new compounds specific for H. pylori, which should constitute future therapies.
Parallel strength Pareto evolutionary algorithm-II based image encryption

In recent years, many image encryption approaches have been proposed on the basis of chaotic maps. The various types of chaotic maps such as one-dimensional and multi-dimensional have been used to generate the secret keys. Chaotic maps require some parameters and value assignment to these parameters is very crucial. Because, poor value assignments may make the chaotic map un-chaotic. Therefore, hyper-parameter tuning of chaotic maps is required. Recently, meta-heuristic based image encryption approaches have been designed by researchers to resolve this issue. However, the majority of the techniques suffer from poor computational speed and stuck in local optima problems. Therefore, in this study, a strength Pareto evolutionary algorithm-II based meta-heuristic approach is proposed to tune the hyper-parameters of the four-dimensional chaotic map. The proposed approach is also implemented in a parallel fashion to enhance the computational speed. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is evaluated through extensive experiments. Comparative analyses show that the proposed approach outperforms the competitive approaches in terms of entropy, NPCR, UACI, and PSNR by $0.9834$ 0.9834 , $ 1.0728$ 1.0728 , $ 0.9134$ 0.9134 , and $ 0.8971\%$ 0.8971 % , respectively.
Independent Power Producer (IPPs) of Pakistan and CSR to Enhance Performance

Fire fighting started in Pakistan electrical generation industry in Mid 2000s. There was a huge difference between supply and demand of Pakistan electrical power generation at that time. Government lacking resources to meet consumer’s electrical energy demands open room for independent power producers (IPPs). Thirty one out of thirty six IPPs operating in the country till date are generating electricity using thermal power technologies. These power plants generate a lot of environmental pollution. This led toward serious cooperate social responsibility (CSR) issues. The connection between CSR and the value of a business has inquired upon, but a formidable difference between researches is still present if we take into account the mutual relation between innovation and CSR. This article inquires its association with collective innovation and stable production in one collective model by using the study of retrogression on compiled data that has arranged from different companies in Pakistan that produce electricity and energy. As a consequence،, we found a somewhat mediatory link between the product of creativity and the mutual relation between CSR and firm executions. The results show the importance of CSR as an essential governing mechanism for firms to be more creative, cost-effective and user-friendly.
Participação da proteína TtsI e flavonóides da ativação do Sistema de Secreção do Tipo III de Bradyrhizobium elkanii

Bradyrhizobium elkanii e uma bacteria de solo, que fixa nitrogenio e induz a formacao de nodulos em soja [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] e outras plantas leguminosas. A interacao entre as bacterias simbiontes e as plantas no solo ocorre de forma especifica e depende de fatores tanto das plantas quanto das bacterias. Entre os fatores mais importantes nessa interacao estao os fatores Nod, liberados pelas bacterias em resposta aos flavonoides oriundos das raizes das plantas. Alem dos fatores Nod, outros fatores da bacteria respondem a presenca de flavonoides, entre os quais estao as proteinas secretadas atraves do sistema de secrecao do tipo III (T3SS-type III secretion system). Esse sistema foi primeiramente descoberto em bacterias patogenicas e, ate recentemente, se pensava ser exclusivo deste grupo. No entanto, apos o sequenciamento do genoma de diversos rizobios, genes homologos aos do T3SS de outras bacterias foram encontrados. Dentre os genes do T3SS encontrados nos rizobios, um, chamado de ttsI, apresenta caracteristicas de regulador da transcricao e esta presente nos clusters de T3SS de todos os rizobios estudados. O T3SS foi descrito em B. elkanii recentemente. Nesta bacteria esse sistema apresenta as caracteristicas comuns ao de outros rizobios. Com o objetivo de estudar o papel da proteina TtsI em B. elkanii SEMIA587, uma linhagem mutante para esse gene, com a insercao de um cassete interrompendo a sua sequencia, foi obtida. Estudos de secrecao de proteinas, testes de nodulacao e analise da inducao por flavonoides foram realizados nas linhagens selvagem e mutante. Os resultados obtidos nesse trabalho demonstraram que B. elkanii SEMIA587 secreta pelo menos duas Nops (NopA e NopL), apos a inducao com genisteina, enquanto que a linhagem mutante para o gene ttsI e incapaz de secretar estas mesmas Nops, mesmo apos a inducao com o flavonoide; a regiao promotora do gene ttsI possui um tts-box, que e ativo e responde a inducao por flavonoides; testes de nodulacao com tres diferentes plantas leguminosas demonstraram que o T3SS em B. elkanii SEMIA587 tambem possui a caracteristica de dependencia de hospedeiros, como em outros rizobios estudados, onde a cultivar Peking de soja se mostrou dependente das proteinas secretadas pelo T3SS de B. elkanii SEMIA587 para uma nodulacao eficiente. %%%%Bradyrhizobium elkanii is a soil bacterium that fixes nitrogen and induces nodule formation in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] and other leguminous plants. The interaction between the symbiont bacteria and plants in the soil is specific and relies on both plant and bacterial factors. Among the factors that are important for the interaction are the Nod factors, released by the bacterium in response to flavonoid compounds, released by plant roots. Besides Nod factors other bacterial factors respond to flavonoid induction, such as the proteins secreted by the type III secretion system (T3SS). This system was first discovered in pathogenic bacteria, and until recently was thought to be exclusive to those bacteria. However, homologous genes…
TIF1gamma, nouveau régulateur négatif de la voie de signalisation du TGFbeta

Le TGFbeta intervient dans la regulation de nombreux processus cellulaires comme la proliferation, la differenciation, la migration, l'apoptose, du developpement embryonnaire jusqu'a la vie adulte. Le TGFbeta est aujourd'hui bien decrit pour son role de suppresseur de tumeur de par ses activites anti-proliferatives et pro-apoptotiques, en particulier sur les cellules epitheliales. Cependant, au cours de la progression tumorale, le TGFbeta devient un promoteur de tumeur en favorisant l'angiogenese, l'echappement de la tumeur vis-a-vis du systeme immunitaire et en induisant la transition epithelio-mesenchymateuse. Apres fixation du ligand TGFbeta , le complexe de recepteurs active les proteines cytoplasmiques Smad2 et Smad3 qui s'associent a Smad4 pour former le complexe transcriptionnel qui se transloque alors dans le noyau pour reguler la transcription de nombreux genes cibles. Recemment, la proteine TIF1gamma a ete decrite pour intervenir dans la regulation negative de la voie du TGFbeta , en monoubiquitinant Smad4 ou en interagissant avec Smad2/3 en competition avec Smad4. Cette voie de signalisation devant etre finement controlee pour cibler son action en fonction du contexte cellulaire, nous analysons ici la regulation des interactions fonctionnelles entre la voie canonique du TGFbeta et la proteine TIF1gamma. Dans cette etude, nous montrons que TIF1gamma agit comme un regulateur negatif des fonctions de Smad4 dans la voie de signalisation du TGFbeta au cours du processus de transition epithelio-mesenchymateuse et au cours de la differenciation terminale des cellules epitheliales mammaires et de la lactation. Nous etudions egalement la SUMOylation de TIF1gamma comme nouveau niveau de regulation de la reponse cellulaire au TGFbeta . Nous avons ainsi caracterise les sites fonctionnels de SUMOylation de TIF1gamma et montre que cette modification post-traductionnelle inhibe la formation du complexe transcriptionnel Smad et est necessaire pour reguler temporellement la residence de Smad4 au niveau du promoteur de genes cibles du TGFbeta . Nos resultats montrent le role important de la SUMOylation de TIF1gamma dans la regulation de la transition epithelio-mesenchymateuse induite par le TGFbeta . En conclusion, notre travail met en avant le role majeur de TIF1gamma dans la regulation de la reponse transcriptionnelle au TGFbeta . De plus, nous montrons que la SUMOylation de TIF1gamma est necessaire a son activite repressive sur Smad4
Performance of Annual and Perennial Biofuel Crops: Nutrient Removal during the First Two Years

Nutrient removal is an important factor that must be considered in lignocellulosic fuel production. This study was conducted to determine the macronutrient (N, P, and K) composition of grain and stover, as well as the nutrient removal in grain, stover, and total biomass of annual and perennial C4 crops in northeast Kansas in 2007 and 2008. Crops studied were corn (Zea mays L.) grown continuously or rotated with soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. ]; five sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] cultivars, brown midrib (bmr), photoperiod sensitive, sweet, and two dual-purpose forage cultivars; and three perennial warm-season grasses, switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii Vitman), and Miscanthus (Miscanthus x giganteus). Perennial grass yields were from the first two harvests after establishment. Yields and total nutrient removal rates were greater for annual crops than for perennial grasses. Perennial grass nutrient concentrations were greatest in the establishment year (2007). Perennial grass yields increased from 2007 to 2008, but nutrient removal was not affected by the yield increase. Grain nutrient removal rates were greatest for corn even though nutrient concentrations were less than or equal to those for sorghum grain. Total nutrient removal rates were most affected by biomass yield and soil test P levels. Total K removal was greatest for the photoperiod-sensitive, sweet, and dual-purpose forage sorghum cultivars. These results indicate that higher annual crop yields will remove more nutrients than perennial grasses during the grass establishment period.
VALUE OF POPULATION GENETIC STUDIES IN SMALL TUNAS

SUMMARY Pelagic marine species with a large migratory potential are expected to exhibit little genetic structure. However, this statement of putative homogenous population has been recently challenged by series of genetic studies in several small tuna species revealing unexpected population structure in relative small areas. One of these examples is the Atlantic bonito (Sarda sarda) in the Mediterranean Sea. Based on distribution of spawning grounds and migratory movements, the Atlantic bonito was thought to be structured in two isolated populations within this sea. However, recent genetic studies revealed that Atlantic bonito presented a population structure corresponding to isolation by distance mechanism. Furthermore, the North Atlantic population is genetically isolated from the Mediterranean. Other striking example has been recently observed in Little tunny (Euthynnus alletteratus). Initially, Little tunny was described as a single species distributed on both sides of Atlantic Ocean including the Mediterranean Sea. However, recent genetic analysis was able to identify cryptic species between east and west North Atlantic populations. In summary, genetic studies revealed hidden population structure in several small tuna species indicating that small tunas species have a great susceptibility to establish genetically differentiation in relatively small areas. Therefore, population genetic studies in small tuna species have an extremely importance for both proper fishery management and species identification.
Shared-Control Concepts for Large Vehicle-Manipulators

This paper presents two novel methods to generate haptic feedback for a human operating a large, hydraulic vehiclemanipulator. Such manipulators can be found in a wide range of applications (e.g. farming works, roadside maintenance, forestry applications). In general, they are controlled solely by a human operator, as the automation of such systems is too challenging due to their unstructured working environment. The work with such manipulators is often physically and psychologically demanding. In the presence of obstacles or other restrictions in the working area, haptic feedback can help to relieve the operator and increase his awareness. If the vehicle platform additionally moves during the operating process, state-of-the-art methods cannot be directly applied to generate haptic feedback. Therefore, we propose two shared-control concepts, based on potential field methods supporting the operator during his task. The first one is a modified trajectory guidance approach. The second one is a directly generated feedback approach, which does not compute a desired joystick position, but directly the haptic feedback. Both proposed methods do not need the reference trajectory of the manipulator, only the detected obstacles as a set of points. The reference trajectory is specified by the operator and is unknown to the automation. The two concepts are verified in a simple simulation environment. Finally, they are validated on a test bench, with a force-feedback joystick.
Real-time Colonoscopy Image Segmentation Based on Ensemble Knowledge Distillation

Colonoscopy is an important means of detecting various intestinal diseases such as bleeding, polyps, Merck diverticula, and ulcers. The sooner these diseases are detected, the better the patient's recovery. But colonoscopy is a demanding process, often leads to the high rate of misdiagnosis by experts, professional physicians and nurses and costs a lot of time. Therefore, robot-assisted colonoscopy is considered as an important method to solve this problem. In recent years, many automated deep learning models for colonoscopy have been proposed. However, these models are usually large and time-consuming, and cannot meet actual needs. Besides, due to the disconnection of data between hospitals, the strength of medical resources between different departments in different hospitals is different, so the general multi-classification model cannot fit the characteristics of such data distribution. Therefore, in this article, we ensemble multiple binary classification models (each model detects one disease) and extracted a compression model using knowledge distillation technology, which can simultaneously detect polyps, Merkel diverticula, ulcers and bleeding from colonoscopy. We tested the performance of our model on public and real data sets and found that the model can achieve acceptable results and help doctors make decisions in practice.
Macrophage heterogeneity and plasticity in tuberculosis

Macrophages are the primary host cells for Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), during its intracellular survival in humans. The pathogen has a remarkable capacity to survive within the hostile environment of macrophages. However, primary infection does not result in active TB disease in most individuals. The majority of individuals remain latently infected, wherein the bacteria are held in check by the host immune response. Nevertheless, such individuals can develop active TB later upon the decline in their immune status. In contrast, in a small fraction of infected individuals, the host immune response fails to control the growth of M. tuberculosis bacilli, and granulomatous TB develops progressively. Elucidating the molecular and phenotypic events that govern the outcome of the infection within macrophages is fundamental to understanding the key features of these cells that could be equally critical in infection control. The molecular details of the M. tuberculosis‐macrophage interaction continue to be discerned, and emerging evidence suggests that macrophage population that participate in infection is heterogeneous. While the local environment and developmental origin could influence the phenotypic heterogeneity and functional plasticity of macrophages, M. tuberculosis has also been demonstrated to modulate the polarization of macrophages. In this review, we draw on work investigating specialized macrophage populations and their interactions with M. tuberculosis with respect to pathogenesis and specific immune responses. Understanding the mechanisms that control the repertoire of macrophage phenotypes and behaviors during infection may provide prospects for novel TB control strategies through modulation of immunobiological functions of macrophages.
Risk-Aware Individual Trajectory Data Publishing With Differential Privacy

Large-scale spatiotemporal data mining has created valuable insights into managing key areas of society and the economy. It has encouraged data owners to release/publish trajectory datasets. However, the ill-informed publication of such valuable datasets may lead to serious privacy implications for individuals. Moreover, as a major goal of data protection, balancing privacy and utility remains a challenging problem due to the diversity of spatiotemporal data. However, the user dimension was not considered for traditional frameworks, which limits the application at the global level as opposed to the user level. Many researchers overcome this issue by assuming that a user in the dataset generates only one trajectory. Actually, a user always generates multiple and repetitive trajectories during observation. Only considering one trajectory for one user may cause insufficient privacy protection at the trajectory level alone, as a user’s privacy can be manifested in many trajectories collectively. In addition, it demonstrates strong user correlation when using multiple and repetitive trajectories. If not considered, additional information will be lost, and the utility will be decreased. In this article, we propose a novel privacy-preserved trajectory data publishing method, i.e., IDF-OPT, which can reduce global least-information loss and guarantee strong individual privacy. Comprehensive experiments based on an actual trajectory publishing benchmark demonstrate that the proposed method maintains high practicability in trajectory data mining.
Control of stem cell niche and fruit development in Arabidopsis thaliana by AGO10/ZWL requires the bHLH transcription factor INDEHISCENT

Background The shoot apical meristem (SAM) in plants is composed of a small mound of pluripotent stem cells that generate new organs. ARGONAUTE10 (AGO10) is known to be critical for maintenance of the embryonic SAM by regulating the expression of Class III HOMEODOMAIN-LEUCINE ZIPPER (HD-ZIP III) transcription factors, which then modulate downstream responses to the key phytohormone auxin. However, we do not understand how AGO10 modulates auxin responses after embryogenesis in the mature plant. Results Here we show that AGO10 regulates auxin responses in the post-embryonic SAM via the bHLH transcription factor INDEHISCENT (IND). IND directly regulates auxin responses in the SAM regulating the auxin transporter PIN1 via direct transcriptional regulation of PINOID kinase. We show that a loss of function ind mutation significantly restores ago10zwl-3 mutant SAM and fruit phenotypes. ago10zwl-3 mutants overexpress IND and overexpression of IND phenocopies the ago10zwl-3 SAM phenotypes, and regulates auxin transport and responses in the SAM. AGO10 also regulates post-embryonic development in the fruit via a similar genetic pathway. Conclusions We characterise a molecular mechanism that is conserved during post embryonic development linking AGO10 directly to auxin responses.
Persistence of superficial basal cell carcinoma during pembrolizumab treatment for metastatic melanoma

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