Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stochastic Game based Cooperative Alternating Q-Learning Caching in Dynamic D2D Networks

Edge caching has become an effective solution to cope with the challenges brought by the massive content delivery in cellular networks. In device-to-device (D2D) enabled caching cellular networks with time-varying content popularity distribution and user terminal (UT) location, we model these dynamic networks as a stochastic game to design a cooperative cache placement policy. The cache placement reward of each UT is defined as the caching incentive minus the transmission power cost for content caching and sharing. We consider the long-term cache placement reward of all UTs in this stochastic game. In an effort to solve the stochastic game problem, we propose a multi-agent cooperative alternating Q-learning (CAQL) based cache placement algorithm. The caching control unit is defined to execute the proposed CAQL, in which, the cache placement policy of each UT is alternatively updated according to the stable policy of other UTs during the learning process, until the stable cache placement policy of all the UTs in the cell is obtained. We discuss the convergence and complexity of CAQL, which obtains the stable cache placement policy with low space complexity. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively reduce the backhaul load and the average content access delay in dynamic networks.
The Importance of Traditional Sports into College Physical Education Based on Big Data Dynamic Programming Algorithm

Physical education teaching is conducive to the cultivation of students’ lifelong sports consciousness, which can improve students’ health and enhance their physique. In order to explore the importance of traditional sports based on big data dynamic programming algorithm into college physical education, the video action recognition and segmentation technology based on big data dynamic programming algorithm is designed. The complex actions in traditional sports teaching video are divided into a series of atomic actions with single semantics. The human action results are modeled according to the relationship between complex actions and atomic actions, and the actions are completed, and the changes of students’ sports level were compared under different teaching modes. Compared with the no segment method, the average accuracy of the experimental design method increased by 2.80% and 3.50%, respectively, and the action recognition rate increased by 11.50%, 8.40%, 13.60%, 13.50%, and 13.60%, respectively. Before and after the experiment, there was a significant difference in the performance of the experimental group ( P = 0.021 < 0.05 ). The results show that the traditional sports teaching mode based on video action recognition technology of big data dynamic programming algorithm can effectively improve the teaching quality of sports teaching. This research has a certain reference value to promote the current physical education teaching reform policy.
Diferencias entre distintas orientaciones del espacio, relativizadas al perfil individual del jugador (Differences between distinct spatial orientations based on individual player profile)

El objetivo de este estudio fue comprobar la influencia de la modificación de la orientación del espacio de juego (mayor anchura o profundidad) en la carga interna y externa de los jugadores de fútbol relativizada en función de su perfil físico. Para ello se analizó la respuesta de carga interna y externa de 10 jugadores juveniles de fútbol durante dos sesiones de entrenamiento donde realizaron 2 juegos reducidos (JR) durante 3 series de 4 minutos con 2 minutos de recuperación en un 5vs5 con portero, con un mismo espacio relativo por jugador (120 m2) pero distinta orientación del espacio (30x40 m vs 40x30 m). Los resultados mostraron como independientemente de la orientación del espacio de juego utilizado, el rendimiento de los jugadores disminuyó a medida que avanzaba el número de series, realizando una mayor DT, DT>VT2 y aceleraciones entre 2 y 4 m/ m·s-2 en la primera serie respecto a la tercera, encontrando en esta última substancialmente mayores valores de percepción subjetiva esfuerzo. Cuando se compararon ambos JR se obtuvieron mayores demandas de carrera y aceleraciones cuando se priorizó la profundidad respecto a la anchura. Este estudio demuestra la importancia de programar adecuados tiempos de recuperación entre series de JR para mantener similares demandas físicas y configura la orientación del espacio de juego como otro elemento que disponen los entrenadores para modificar las demandas físicas de los JR.Abstract. The aim of this study was to verify the influence of the modification of the game spatial orientation (greater width or depth) on the internal and external load of soccer players based on their individualized physical profile. For this purpose, the internal and external load responses of 10 youth soccer players were analysed during training sessions characterized by 2 small sided games (SSG) based on a 5vs5 with the goalkeeper, performed in three 4-minute sets with 2 minutes of passive recovery, keeping the same pitch area per player (120 m2), but different spatial orientations (30x40 m versus 40x30 m). The results showed that regardless of the orientation of the playing space used, players’ performance decreased over the sets, obtaining higher DT, DT> VT2 and accelerations between 2 and 4 m/m·s- 2 in the first set compared to the third, with substantially higher values of subjective perception effort in the latter. When both JRs were compared, greater running demands and accelerations were obtained when the depth was prioritized over the width. This study demonstrates the importance of programming adequate recovery times between JR series to maintain the physical demands, as well as it emphasizes the role of game spatial orientation as one of the elements that coaches can use to modify JR physical demands.
Dentists’ Attitudes Toward Dental Implant Maintenance in Thailand

Introduction: As implant therapy is a widely applied treatment modality, general dentists are in the frontline of maintaining health in patients with implants. It is however unknown to what extent general dentists are competent and feel prepared to deliver maintenance of implants to patients. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the attitudes and self-reported and objectively assessed competences of general dentists with maintenance of dental implants in patients. Methods: A questionnaire designed and validated for the purpose of the study, including attitudes and self-reported and objectively assessed competences, was distributed by means of an online platform. Results: Data from 429 questionnaires were included in the study. Half of the participants were 28 to 33 y old and 78% had been working <10 y. Seventy-eight percent believed that dental implant maintenance should be performed by general dentists, but only 51% were prepared to do this, citing obstacles such as insufficient knowledge and limitations of their working environment. The mean ± SD objectively assessed competence score was 8.97 ± 2.74 of 17. There were significant differences (P < 0.001, 1-way analysis of variance) in the scores among dentists who offered the full range of maintenance and management of complications (10.83 ± 2.45) with those willing to provide comprehensive oral examination and implant maintenance only (9.31 ± 2.73), those offering comprehensive examination but unwilling to conduct maintenance (8.22 ± 2.28), and those who refer all dental implant patients elsewhere (7.2 ± 2.66). Around half of the dentists believed that implants last for life. Conclusions: While general dentists appeared to largely acknowledge the importance of providing implant maintenance care and present with positive attitudes, a large portion was unwilling to engage with maintenance of implants in patients and appeared to lack essential competences to this end. The main obstacles for providing implant maintenance care included insufficient knowledge and lack of a properly equipped clinical environment. Knowledge Transfer Statement: The results of this study can identify deficiencies in the currently available maintenance competences and schemes for patients with implants. These results can also help dental professionals, scientific bodies, and associations to design appropriate education and professional development strategies that can strengthen the confidence and competences of general dentists, thus offering better service to the public.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SPAN 40 AND SPAN 60 BASED SOY-GELS FOR TOPICAL DRUG DELIVERY

Objective: Hydrogels or emulgels are recommended for topical application to elicit a local effect. However, they suffer from stability problems. The present study deals with the formulation and comparison of thermally stable soybean oil-based novel topical organogels (soy-gels) using two different gelators (Span 40 and Span 60) for controlled drug delivery. Methods: Soy-gels (8 batches) were developed with Span 40 and Span 60 by solid fiber mechanism and characterized for viscosity, gelation kinetics behavior, gel-sol transition parameters, drug content, in vitro drug release pattern, and changes occurring during accelerated thermal stability studies. Results: Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopic confirmed the compatibility among the organogel components and paracetamol. The formulations exhibited skin and hemocompatibility. The viscosity of Span 60 based soy-gels was found to be approximately 10 times higher than those of Span 40 based formulations. In comparison to Span 40, Span 60 induced faster gelation (3–6 min) of soybean oil at lower concentration (16% w/v) forming less flexible but thermally more stable soy-gels demonstrating higher Tg values. Higher flexibility and lower viscosity accounted for improved drug diffusion (both Fickian and non-Fickian) from Span 40 gels of varying concentrations in pH 5.8. However, zero-order drug release was observed in organogel with 18% w/v Span 40 only and all Span 60-based formulations except the one with 22% w/v Span 60. Non-Fickian drug diffusion occurred from Span 60 based soy-gels. A gradual increase in gelation time was observed until five cycles of freeze-thaw. Conclusion: Therefore, the choice of organogelator governs the rheological, thermal, and drug diffusion properties of soy-gels intended for topical application.
The human resources management of a democratic action: intentionality, elements and functioning

In reaction to the issue of citizens’ distrust, apathy and disengagement from representative democracy, we investigate democratic actions in which participation, deliberation, and political engagement take place: the participatory budgeting (PB) of municipalities. By integrating two epistemologies, historical-hermeneutic and empirical-analytical, we interpret the intentions to commit, and analyze the enabling conditions of its implementation, viz., PB’s human resources management. Content analysis methodology converts pieces of narratives into units of meaning, we provide evidences of the reasons why this reality is socially created, and capture its functioning. Findings from five cities show that the PB starts with the local government’s intention to respond to historical demands of civil society regarding direct participation in government. As a mean to this goal, we explain the human resources practices of attracting, developing, and retaining participants. We provide a practical benchmark for local authorities’ policy development, and for the literature of participatory management in municipalities.
From “Spaghetti to Lasagna” - Exploring the role of objects in cross-disciplinary collaboration

Cross-disciplinary work is an increasing work-form in many organizations. This paper turns to investigate the role of objects and how they affect cross-disciplinary collaboration in an ongoing global IT-project. Through a performative approach and by using four lenses in studying objects as epistemic, boundary, activity and infrastructural, the study’s result show how they can be sources of motivation, tensions and shift in importance during the project. Moreover, this paper’s result show how actors, processes and objects can have a prominent role separately, but also collectively in deciding the role of objects in collaboration. Since previous research has largely focused on human-agency, or using a single lens on objects when explaining collaboration, this study contributes with new empirical insights and deeper understandings on the role of objects in organizational studies. Further, due to the limited strand of research on this topic, we suggest further studies in practice is needed to observe and study how objects affect and perform. This study can also be useful for practitioners as it sheds light on the different dimensions of objects and show the important role they can have in a collaborative setting.
Exploring the Discursive Function of Hashtags: A Semantic Network Analysis of JUUL-Related Instagram Messages

This study used semantic network analysis to investigate the themes of JUUL electronic cigarette-related messages on Instagram posted by three account types (commercial, vape community, and organic users) and explore the function of hashtags in the JUUL-related discourse across these groups. Posts were collected from 1 March 2018 to 15 May 2018. We conducted network analyses for each user group, with separate analyses to examine texts with and without inclusion of hashtags. Network statistics determined which words occurred most frequently, which words co-occurred or clustered together, and what communication function hashtags perform. Analyses of message content with hashtags included revealed that the largest cluster of terms by account type was brand promotion (commercial), brand engagement (community), and youth social use of JUUL and other substances, such as marijuana (organic users). On removal of hashtags, the largest cluster for each group was online and offline retailer promotion (commercial), JUUL promotion or shares of existing promotional content (community), and youth social use (organic users). Commercial accounts used hashtags to increase brand visibility and engage with vape communities present on Instagram. Community accounts served as discursive intermediaries between commercial accounts and organic users, fostering organic user engagement with brands. Social media serve as an extension of real-life peer groups among youth and young adults. Community accounts, which likely have greater credibility among users compared to commercial accounts, may help enhance the effects of targeted promotion and normalize vaping comprehensive regulation of commercial digital tobacco marketing is necessary to reduce the amount of commercial content youth and other consumers are exposed to through overt commercial and influential community accounts.
Measuring surgical knot tying with 3D vision and VR gloves

One handed surgical knot tying is one of the core skills of surgeons. The development of this skill takes time and one-on-one expert supervision. Our motivation is to provide good quality automatic evaluation in order to reduce the need for expert supervision and provide continuous evaluation that can support a deliberate practice training paradigm. Our work demonstrates the recognition of knot tying gestures a combination of 3D vision tracking and ﬁnger motion analysis from a pair of Manus VR gloves. We demonstrate segmentation and classiﬁcation of the knot tying into its component knot types and estimate student skill level based on motion analysis
Tensor Norm, Cubic Power and Gelfand Limit

We establish two inequalities for the nuclear norm and the spectral norm of tensor products. The first inequality indicates that the nuclear norm of the square matrix is a matrix norm. We extend the concept of matrix norm to tensor norm. We show that the $1$-norm, the Frobenius norm and the nuclear norm of tensors are tensor norms, but the infinity norm and the spectral norm of tensors are not tensor norms. We introduce the cubic power for a general third order tensor, and show that a Gelfand formula holds for a general third order tensor. In that formula, for any norm, a common spectral radius-like limit exists for that third order tensor. We call such a limit the Gelfand limit. The Gelfand limit is zero if the third order tensor is nilpotent, and is one or zero if the third order tensor is idempotent. The Gelfand limit is not greater than any tensor norm of that third order tensor, and the cubic power of that third order tensor tends to zero as the power increases to infinity if and only if the Gelfand limit is less than one. The cubic power and the Gelfand limit can be extended to any higher odd order tensors.
Microfluidics of Binary Liquid Mixtures with Temperature-Dependent Miscibility

Liquid-liquid microfluidic systems rely on the intricate control over the fluid properties of either miscible or immiscible mixtures. Herein, we report on the use of partially miscible binary liquid mixtures that lend their microfluidic properties from a highly temperature-sensitive mixing and phase separation behaviour. For a blend composed of the thermotropic liquid crystal 4-Cyano-4'-pentylbiphenyl (5CB) and methanol, mixing at temperatures above the upper critical solution temperature (UCST; 24.4°C) leads to a uniform single phase while partial mixing can be achieved at temperatures below the UCST. Thermally-driven phase separation inside the microfluidic channels results in the spontaneous formation of very regular phase arrangements, namely in droplets, plug, slug and annular flow. We map different flow regimes and relate findings to the role of interfacial tension and viscosity and their temperature dependence. Importantly, different flow regimes can be achieved at constant channel architecture and flow rate by varying the temperature of the blend. A consistent behaviour is observed for a binary liquid mixture with lower critical solution temperature, namely 2,6-lutidine and water. This temperature-responsive approach to microfluidics is an interesting candidate for multi-stage processes, selective extraction and sensing applications.
Gender issue in modern education: Theory and practice

So far, gender inequality in education has been considered in the context of inequality in women’s access to technical specialties, the impact of education on the fertility rate and wages of women, the impact of religious, cultural, social-economic values on women’s education level. However, this concept does little to explain the gender imbalance and low quality of human capital in an environment where women have the opportunity to be educated in any field of knowledge through a feminization in the European countries. The research methodology is based on the correlation analysis of indicators of gender equality in education in Germany, France, Poland, and Ukraine for 1991-2018. The purpose of the study is to identify the trends and dynamics of gender changes in education, the level of gender inequality and establish the causes and effects of gender asymmetry in some European countries. To evaluate gender equality in education, we used the Gender Parity Index. The results of correlation analysis prove the presence of a direct connection between the level of fertility and the Gender Parity Index in the field of primary and higher education, while in the field of secondary education-reverse. Such tendencies are inherent in almost all countries of Europe. The analysis of indicators characterizing the level of education of women within the Eurozone countries shows the decisive role of the structure of the economy and the needs of the labor market in specialists with digital skills and mental abilities. The structure of the economy and the efficiency of various sectors ensure the reduction of gender inequality in education, contributing to overall economic growth and GDP per capita. Political institutions and national policies indirectly influence gender inequality in education by regulating the development of sectors of the economy with different levels of female employment. The proposed paradigm of gender inequality is based on the crucial role of skills, competencies, and abilities regardless of gender. The gender imbalance has been overcome in countries with a high level of women’s competence. Competence is a new paradigm in overcoming gender inequality.
Planning and Shared Decision Making in Elderly Care

Decision making in elderly care is complex and multifaceted. No one can accurately predict whether they will have care needs or what these may be later in life. But if they do find they need it, most will learn that, unlike health care, they have to manage many of these needs themselves in often challenging circumstances.The benefits of enhancing autonomy and choice in elderly care must be weighed against the risks of consumers making unsuitable choices without support, often in stressful circumstances. How can we best implement a consumer-oriented or person-centered social care system without compromising the needs and health of the population? The answer lies largely in how people plan and make good decisions about elderly care, as well as how others (e.g., policymakers and providers) can help them in these.In line with other publications in this area (e.g., the Behavioural Insights Team), we regard good decisions as generally those:• Which are made under relatively little time pressure or emotional stress;• Which use accurate information about elderly care services; and• Which incorporate consumers’ needs and preferences.Evidence suggests that decisions can often be taken in response to unplanned crises, where individual abilities may matter more in effective decision making (e.g., emotion regulation; stress management). However, these alone are unlikely to produce good decisions if consumers fail to possess accurate knowledge and understanding over what it is they want from their care and what their available options are.Thus, the aim of this report is to use predominantly academic literature to highlight key cognitive, emotional and situational variables that influence decision making and planning in the context of elderly care. However, throughout our review, we found a consistent lack of academic literature related to these areas. Where this was the case, we usually supplemented our findings with publicly available publications, from both governmental and non-governmental agencies (e.g., charities). In addition, we emphasised the importance of planning in our report as early engagement is likely to bring more informed and person-centered decisions.Our review identifies three overarching themes, each containing a subset of several factors that may serve as barriers or facilitators of decision making in elderly care:1. Individual factors.2. Task and contextual factors.3. Cognitive and emotional factors.