Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Demonstration of Inexact Computing Implemented in the JPEG Compression Algorithm using Probabilistic Boolean Logic applied to CMOS Components

Abstract : Probabilistic computing offers potential improvements in energy, performance, and area compared with traditional digital design. This dissertation quantifies energy and energy-delay tradeoffs in digital adders, multipliers, and the JPEG image compression algorithm. This research shows that energy demand can be cut in half with noisesusceptible 16-bit Kogge-Stone adders that deviate from the correct value by an average of 3 in 14 nanometer CMOS FinFET technology, while the energy-delay product (EDP) is reduced by 38 . This is achieved by reducing the power supply voltage which drives the noisy transistors. If a 19 average error is allowed, the adders are 13 times more energy-efficient and the EDP is reduced by 35 . This research demonstrates that 92 of the color space transform and discrete cosine transform circuits within the JPEG algorithm can be built from inexact components, and still produce readable images. Given the case in which each binary logic gate has a 1 error probability, the color space transformation has an average pixel error of 5.4 and a 55 energy reduction compared to the error-free circuit, and the discrete cosine transformation has a 55 energy reduction with an average pixel error of 20 .
Evaluation of the Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) in Patients Undergoing Lingual Versus Labial Fixed Orthodontic Appliances: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Background Wearing fixed orthodontic appliances may negatively impact oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) during treatment. This study aimed to compare the OHRQoL of patients treated with labial or lingual appliances. Methodology A total of 38 patients (23 females, 15 males; mean age: 21.3 years) with class I malocclusion and moderate crowding in the upper and lower dental arches were included. These patients were planned to be treated on a non-extraction basis and were randomly divided into the following two groups: the lingual appliance (LA) group and the buccal appliance (BA) group. The Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) questionnaire was used to measure the OHRQoL at the following six assessment times: before treatment (T0), one week after treatment (T1), one month after treatment (T2), three months after treatment (T3), six months after treatment (T4), and at the end of the active treatment (T5). Results In total, 19 patients in each group were included in the final analysis with no dropouts. In both groups, the overall OHIP-14 scores increased and peaked on the first week following appliance placement and then significantly decreased over time. The LA group had significantly greater overall OHIP‑14 scores than the labial group at T1 (p < 0.001) and T2 (p = 0.004) only. Conclusions The OHRQoL improved in both lingual and labial groups after treatment. Moreover, it was better in the labial group compared to the lingual group during the first month of treatment. In both groups, the greatest deterioration in OHRQoL occurred in the first week and gradually decreased over time.
Based on morphology and molecular data, Palisada rigida comb. nov. and Laurencia decussata comb. et stat. nov. (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae) are proposed

Inspecting herbaria collections of Laurencia rigida highlighted frequent misidentifications between L. rigida and L.heteroclada f. decussata, two poorly studied taxa from Australia. Recent collections of DNA material, including from topotypematerial, allowed for re-examination of these two taxa using molecular techniques. Detailed morphological andmolecular analyses based on two markers (rbcL and COI-5P) strongly supported these two taxa as being distinct fromeach other and requiring nomenclatural changes. Comprehensive morphological analyses highlighted features useful foraccurate identifications. Interestingly, L. rigida was found to belong to the genus Palisada with evidence from both themorphology and molecular data. Therefore, this study proposed recognizing L. rigida as Palisada rigida comb. nov. Moleculardata for L. heteroclada f. decussata on the other hand supported its separation from L. heteroclada, with too greata molecular distance to be considered a variety. Morphological characters that best separated P. rigida from L. decussataincluded seven characters; number of pericentral cells per vegetative axial segment, the presence of secondary pit connections,the presence of lenticular thickenings, tetrasporangia alignment, the presence of corps en cerise, holdfast morphology,and overall plant shape. Morphologically, L. heteroclada f. decussata was also separated from L. heteroclada,particularly by the following characteristics; ultimate branchlets morphologies, lower order branch lengths, primary axisand holdfast morphologies. Therefore, it was proposed that L. heteroclada f. decussata is recognized at a species level asL. decussata comb. et stat. nov.
Blue Laser Imaging and Magnification Endoscopy as a Tool for the Detection of Helicobacter pylori Infected Mucosa

Background: There are multiple diagnostic methods for the detection of H. pylori; however, because most are not cost-effective and have low sensibility and specificity, gastric biopsy remains the gold standard for diagnosis. H. pylori’s patchy distribution in the gastric mucosa requires multiple biopsy samples to accurately diagnose infection. This study’s objective is to identify the diagnostic value of using BLI-Bright with magnification endoscopy as a tool for guided biopsy sampling in patients with suspected H. pylori infection. Methods: This study was conducted by retrospective analysis of 200 case files of patients who underwent upper endoscopy at Christus Muguerza Hospital Sur in Monterrey, Mexico between August 2016 and June 2018. One hundred ninety-three patient files met the selection criteria. To establish the diagnostic significance of occupied/ unoccupied gastric pits, sensibility, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were calculated based on histological findings. Results: Predicting H. pylori infection in occupied/ unoccupied pits has a sensitivity of 66.00%, specificity of 95.10%, a positive predictive value of 85.50%, and a negative predictive value of 88.89%. Analysis of gastric pits using BLI-Bright with magnification endoscopy is more sensitive and specific than rapid urease testing for the diagnosis of H. pylori. Conclusions: Given its relatively high negative predictive value, finding empty gastric pits suggests a low probability of finding H. pylori. Blue Laser Imaging (BLI)-Bright with magnification endoscopy is not a replacement for histologic examination, but rather a tool to help select potentially infected areas of the stomach based on the appearance of gastric pits.
PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF WATER IN CRNA RIVER IN THE PELAGONIA REGION

The main purpose of this paper is to examine the physical-chemical properties of water in Crna River in the Pelagonia Region. Therefore, four locations along the Crna River in the Pelagonia Region were taken as target measuring points of the physical-chemical properties of water: measuring point 1 (near village Novaci), measuring point 2 (before the inflow of water to the fifth channel), measuring point 3 (Crna River after the inflow of water from the fifth channel) measuring point 4 (Skochivir). The water samples for analysis were taken in January and July in 2012, 2013 and 2014 and the following physico-chemical parameters were analyzed during our investigation: the water temperature (determined with a digital thermometer), turbidity (by turbidimeter), suspended solids, total organic carbon (TOC), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and dissolved oxygen (determined with UV PASTEL-instrument). From the obtained results in our investigation it can be concluded that the highest average turbidity is noted in measuring point 1 (24,4 mg/L) in July. The highest average BOD is measured in point 3 (14,1 mg/L) in July, as a result of the water inflow from the fifth channel. The lowest average amount of TOC was noted in January in measuring point 1 (2,0 mg/L), while the content of dissolved oxygen in same measuring point show the highest value (11,53 mg/L).
Athermal ω Phase and Lattice Modulation in Binary Zr-Nb Alloys

To further explore the potential of Zr-based alloys as a biomaterial that will not interfere with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the microstructural characteristics of Zr-xat. % Nb alloys (10 ≤ x ≤ 18), particularly the athermal ω phase and lattice modulation, were investigated by conducting electrical resistivity and magnetic susceptibility measurements and transmission electron microscopy observations. The 10 Nb alloy and 12 Nb alloys had a positive temperature coefficient of electrical resistivity. The athermal ω phase existed in 10 Nb and 12 Nb alloys at room temperature. Alternatively, the 14 Nb and 18 Nb alloys had an anomalous negative temperature coefficient of the resistivity. The selected area diffraction pattern of the 14 Nb alloy revealed the co-occurrence of ω phase diffraction and diffuse satellites. These diffuse satellites were represented by gβ + q when the zone axis was [001] or [113], but not [110]. These results imply that these diffuse satellites appeared because the transverse waves consistent with the propagation and displacement vectors were q = * for the ζ~1/2 and <110> directions. It is possible that the resistivity anomaly was caused by the formation of the athermal ω phase and transverse wave. Moreover, control of the athermal ω-phase transformation and occurrence of lattice modulation led to reduced magnetic susceptibility, superior deformation properties, and a low Young’s modulus in the Zr-Nb alloys. Thus, Zr-Nb alloys are promising MRI-compatible metallic biomaterials.
Polymyxin B-Based Regimens for Patients Infected with Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria: Clinical and Microbiological Efficacy, Mortality, and Safety

Background The increasing prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (CR-GNB) represents a global healthcare crisis. This study explored the efficacy and safety of Polymyxin B (PMB)-based regimens and factors influencing their effectiveness. Methods Patients with CR-GNB infections treated with PMB for more than three days were enrolled in this retrospective study from 1st June 2018 to 30th April 2020. Data were collected on patient characteristics, bacterial culture, and drug-sensitivity test results; anti-infection treatment regimens, particularly details of PMB use; and adverse drug reactions. Clinical and microbiological efficacy, mortality, and safety of PMB-based regimens in CR-GNB infected patients were evaluated. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to assess factors influencing efficacy and mortality. Results A total of 373 CR-GNB strains were cultured from 268 patients. About 41.04% of patients used PMB loading dose of 1.01 (0.84–1.69) mg/kg. Maintenance dose was 0.85 (0.82–1.00) mg/kg q12h. The clinical efficacy rate was 36.57% (98/268), the total bacterial clearance rate of PMB was 39.42%, and the all-cause mortality rate was 33.96%. The adverse drug reaction rate was 19.58%, among which the incidence of renal toxicity was highest (8.21%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that clinical efficacy, bacterial clearance rate, and all-cause mortality were associated with patient-related facts, including mechanical ventilation use, underlying diseases (such as respiratory disease), the type and site of CR-GNB infection, and PMB administration timing and loading dose. Conclusion PMB is a relatively safe and effective antibiotic drug for treatment of critically ill patients with CR-GNB infection; however, PMB use should be subject to guidelines recommendations for early administration, loading administration, and adequate administration, which could help to improve the clinical efficacy, microbiological efficacy, and mortality.
Synergy of green-synthesized silver nanoparticles and Vatica diospyroides fruit extract in inhibiting Gram-positive bacteria by inducing membrane and intracellular disruption

Abstract Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are used in biomedicine applications. Other drugs combined with the AgNPs can improve efficacy in the treatment of diseases, and most such studies have focused on antibiotics. We determined the synergistic effects of Phyllanthus emblica-derived AgNPs in combination with Vatica diospyroides cotyledon extracts (VCE) against bacteria using agar well diffusion, broth microdilution, and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Synergy of AgNPs and VCE was confirmed with the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI). To evaluate patterns of bacterial death, flow cytometry and electron microscopy were used. We found that the effective incubation time of AgNPs against bacteria was highly variable. Increasing AgNPs in the combination influenced antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis. The MIC values interpreted through FICI showed synergy against S. aureus and indifference against B. subtilis. Flow cytometric profiles confirmed that the fraction of S. aureus that respond to a combination of VCE with AgNPs increased in dose-dependent manner. The response patterns of bacteria proceeded simultaneously as the cells lost intracellular components and suffered membrane damage. Synergy of AgNPs with a plant extract has become a promising approach, as green AgNPs and plant extracts are biocompatible and cost-effective resources that can utilized for the treatment of bacterial infectious diseases.
Improved Performance of NbOx Resistive Switching Memory by In-Situ N Doping

Valence change memory (VCM) attracts numerous attention in memory applications, due to its high stability and low energy consumption. However, owing to the low on/off ratio of VCM, increasing the difficulty of information identification hinders the development of memory applications. We prepared N-doped NbOx:N films (thickness = approximately 15 nm) by pulsed laser deposition at 200 °C. N-doping significantly improved the on/off ratio, retention time, and stability of the Pt/NbOx:N/Pt devices, thus improving the stability of data storage. The Pt/NbOx:N/Pt devices also achieved lower and centralized switching voltage distribution. The improved performance was mainly attributed to the formation of oxygen vacancy (VO) + 2N clusters, which greatly reduced the ionic conductivity and total energy of the system, thus increasing the on/off ratio and stability. Moreover, because of the presence of Vo + 2N clusters, the conductive filaments grew in more localized directions, which led to a concentrated distribution of SET and RESET voltages. Thus, in situ N-doping is a novel and effective approach to optimize device performances for better information storage and logic circuit applications.
Editorial: Futsal Research and Challenges for Sport Development

Department of Physical Education and Sports, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain, Department of Didactics of Languages, Arts and Physical Education, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain, 3 Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), University of Maia (ISMAI), Maia, Portugal, Department of Sport Sciences, Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal, 5 Portugal Football School, Portuguese Football Association, Federação Portuguesa de Futebol (FPF), Covilha, Portugal
Modelling and steady state simulation of a switched reluctance motor drive

The switched reluctance motor (SRM) has been a popular topic of research for the last 15 years. As a result of this development activity, the SRM has evolved into a practical alternative to other machines for a variety of applications. It is now becoming increasingly important to understand the SRM`s control characteristics and power requirements. To accomplish this a thorough description of the machine`s terminal characteristics is required. The SRM can be described as a system with two ports, the windings through which electrical power is transferred and the shaft through which mechanical power flows. These systems are coupled by a magnetic system, through which the energy conversion process occurs. The windings can be modelled as an inductor and much work has focused on the modelling of the SRM inductance. The difficulty with this approach is that the SRM magnetic structures must operate in deep saturation resulting in a nonlinear winding inductance. Many people have linearized this inductance using a variety of techniques but each results in unnecessarily complicated models for many applications. In this paper a relatively simple model for the SRM is developed. This type of model could be a cheap and effective tool for the development ofmore » SRM drive systems. This approach will become increasingly relevant as these drives become increasingly popular. In this paper the machine terminal characteristics in terms of flux linkage are described. It will be shown that flux linkage is a function of two variables resulting in a surface function. Additionally it will be shown that this surface function contains the terminal characteristics of the SRM. Finally measurements from actual hardware are made and used to develop a model using the techniques developed here. Results of model simulation are then compared with measured data. « less
Development of Infrared Therapy Device Based on Android Application Using Bluetooth Communication to Minimize the Patient Contact

Infrared therapy is a therapeutic tool that has the function of dilating blood vessels so that blood flow becomes smoother and the healing process of wounds or inflammation in the body is faster. The heat from infrared therapy lamps can also reduce joint or muscle pain. The purpose of this research is to design an infrared therapy device equipped with light intensity settings and a timer controlled by an android. The contribution of this research is the infrared lamp irradiation media system and has also been equipped with a safe distance of 30-70cm using the HC-SR04 sensor, then equipped with a choice of a maximum therapy time of 10-30 minutes which is used to select the length of the therapy process. In addition, it can adjust the light intensity as needed via Android which is connected via the HC-05 Bluetooth module which is enabled to regulate how much light intensity is emitted by the lamp. After carrying out the measurement process, the error value on the timer measurement is obtained from the selection of Low, Medium, and High switches, 10 minutes (1%), 15 minutes (0.6%), 30 minutes (0.3%). The distance measurements are, 10cm (10%), 20cm (2.5%), 30cm (1.6%), 40cm (0%), 50cm (4%), 60cm (1.6%), 70cm (0%).
Introduction of a Computational Modelling Approach to Auditory Display Research: Case Studies Using the QN-MHP Framework

For more than two decades, a myriad of design and research methods have been proposed in the ICAD community. Neurological methods have been presented since the inception of ICAD, and psychological human-subjects research has become as a legitimate approach to auditory display design and evaluation. However, little research has been conducted on modelling approaches to formalize human behavior in response to auditory displays. To bridge this gap, the present paper introduces computational modelling in auditory displays using the Queuing Network-Model Human Processor (QN-MHP) framework. After delineating the advantages of computational modelling and the QN-MHP framework, the paper introduces four case studies, which modelled drivers’ behavior in response to in-vehicle auditory warnings, followed by the implications and future work. We hope that this paper can spark lively discussions on computational modelling in the ICAD community and thus, more researchers can benefit from using this method for future research.
Agency, children’s voice and adults’ responsibility

The special issue comes at a time when children have lost extended periods of formal schooling due to the novel coronavirus pandemic that started in 2019. Children’s social and academic lives have been upended, with those in the lowest resource contexts being affected most severely (Edwards 2021; Ford, John, and Gunnell 2021; Pascal et al. 2020). Investments in children’s educational recovery force us to think about what education should be, who it is for, and how it might be enacted (e.g. Farquharson et al. 2021). It is therefore timely, and refreshing, to hear from a range of education professionals in this special issue on the topic of children’s agency in their education. We view agency in learning as a force for thoughts and actions originating in the learner, when individuals are acting deliberately rather than through automatisms, and which stems from control, participation, and willingness to engage (or not) in activities (Baker, Le Courtois, and Eberhart 2021). Therefore, agency encompasses self-awareness and self-belief (a cognitive dimension to agency), as well as the feeling of volition and empowerment that comes from being agentic (Ryan 2017; an affective dimension). This distinction is implicit throughout this collection of papers. For example, in the paper by Lynn Cedar and colleagues on children’s agency in psychotherapy, a child describes his positive experience of being a co-researcher as ‘being the hero’, which suggests not only that he had awareness of his role as an active agent, but also that he had experienced it as empowering.
Choosing a Color model in CBIR-Systems

AbstractIn the paper we study how the choice of color space affects the user-friendliness of the graphical user interface of CBIR. The pilot study was carried out on 46 students of the Department of Library and Information Science and Book Studies at the Faculty of Arts at the University of Ljubljana. The study showed that user interfaces based on HSV color space are simple to use even for users who do not possess the theoretical knowledge about colors and do not understand HSV color space, while even reasonably good understanding of RG B color space does not guarantee frustration-free user experience when using RG B user interface. User interfaces offering color choice just by clicking were better received than user interfaces that make use of color sliders. This article provides guidance for designing an interface for selecting color in CBIR systems.
Keeping the Balance: GABAB Receptors in the Developing Brain and Beyond

The main neurotransmitter in the brain responsible for the inhibition of neuronal activity is γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). It plays a crucial role in circuit formation during development, both via its primary effects as a neurotransmitter and also as a trophic factor. The GABAB receptors (GABABRs) are G protein-coupled metabotropic receptors; on one hand, they can influence proliferation and migration; and, on the other, they can inhibit cells by modulating the function of K+ and Ca2+ channels, doing so on a slower time scale and with a longer-lasting effect compared to ionotropic GABAA receptors. GABABRs are expressed pre- and post-synaptically, at both glutamatergic and GABAergic terminals, thus being able to shape neuronal activity, plasticity, and the balance between excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission in response to varying levels of extracellular GABA concentration. Furthermore, given their subunit composition and their ability to form complexes with several associated proteins, GABABRs display heterogeneity with regard to their function, which makes them a promising target for pharmacological interventions. This review will describe (i) the latest results concerning GABABRs/GABABR-complex structures, their function, and the developmental time course of their appearance and functional integration in the brain, (ii) their involvement in manifestation of various pathophysiological conditions, and (iii) the current status of preclinical and clinical studies involving GABABR-targeting drugs.