Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimization Method of an Antibreast Cancer Drug Candidate Based on Machine Learning

Breast cancer is a common but serious and even lethal disease. Fortunately, compared with other cancers, breast cancer treatments currently are relatively well developed. The use of specific drugs is typically essential in the majority of breast cancer treatment strategies. Given the aforementioned factors, it is important to continue researching effective antibreast cancer drug design. Machine learning-based computer-aided drug design is currently a common practice in both drug industries and academic institutes. According to the characteristics of breast cancer, we selected multiple candidate compounds; based on the corresponding molecular descriptors, biological activities, and pharmacokinetic properties, a dataset of inhibition potency and pharmacokinetic properties paired with multiple features of compounds was constructed. On this basis, the random forest method was utilized to choose greater-influenced feature embeddings; thus, 224 main operating variables were selected for further analysis; we then employed the efficient MobileNetV3 deep neural network as the backbone to establish the prediction models for the inhibition potency and pharmacokinetic properties of the compounds. After data preprocessing, the weights are obtained by training on the refined dataset. Finally, we define an optimization problem to discover compounds with the best properties. The problem is solved using the genetic algorithm with the acquired prediction model, and the solution value for the corresponding operating variables with the best clinical properties in theory is then obtained. Analysis demonstrates that our approach could be used to aid the screening process of antibreast cancer drug candidates.
Rainfall redistribution in a tropical forest: Spatial and temporal patterns

The investigation of throughfall patterns has received considerable interest over the last decades. And yet, the geographical bias of pertinent previous studies and their methodologies and approaches to data analysis cast a doubt on the general validity of claims regarding spatial and temporal patterns of throughfall. We employed 220 collectors in a 1‐ha plot of semideciduous tropical rain forest in Panama and sampled throughfall during a period of 14 months. Our analysis of spatial patterns is based on 60 data sets, whereas the temporal analysis comprises 91 events. Both data sets show skewed frequency distributions. When skewness arises from large outliers, the classical, nonrobust variogram estimator overestimates the sill variance and, in some cases, even induces spurious autocorrelation structures. In these situations, robust variogram estimation techniques offer a solution. Throughfall in our plot typically displayed no or only weak spatial autocorrelations. In contrast, temporal correlations were strong, that is, wet and dry locations persisted over consecutive wet seasons. Interestingly, seasonality and hence deciduousness had no influence on spatial and temporal patterns. We argue that if throughfall patterns are to have any explanatory power with respect to patterns of near‐surface processes, data analytical artifacts must be ruled out lest spurious correlation be confounded with causality; furthermore, temporal stability over the domain of interest is essential.
Intermediate boundary conditions for LOD, ADI and approximate factorization methods

A general approach to determining the correct intermediate boundary conditions for dimensional splitting methods is presented. The intermediate solution U is viewed as a second order accurate approximation to a modified equation. Deriving the modified equation and using the relationship between this equation and the original equation allows us to determine the correct boundary conditions for U*. This technique is illustrated by applying it to locally one dimensional (LOD) and alternating direction implicit (ADI) methods for the heat equation in two and three space dimensions. The approximate factorization method is considered in slightly more generality.
Structural characteristics and robustness analysis of aviation network based on centrality

The importance of the aviation networks in the transportation infrastructure makes it crucial to identify the key nodes, analyze the complexity, and estimate robustness. In this paper, we propose to study the characteristics of the American aviation network structure by using the complex network theory and the Pajek application. The importance of nodes in the aviation network is ranked by degree centrality, betweenness centrality, closeness centrality, and eigenvector centrality. We designed two models, random attacks and deliberate attacks, to simulate the robustness of the aviation networks. Deliberate attacks and random attacks are measured using the number of nodes in the maximal connected subgraph and network efficiency, and four centralities are used as deliberate attack approaches. And comparing the intensity of the deliberate attacks based on four centralities. The results show that: 1) the aviation network has strong aggregation, good overall connectivity, and significant characteristics of the scale-free and small-world networks; 2) the aviation network shows strong robustness in the face of random attacks but is relatively fragile in the face of deliberate attacks. Considering the deliberate attacks, the attack ability based on betweenness centrality is the strongest and the attack ability based on eigenvector centrality is the weakest. As for the attack that is based on degree centrality and closeness centrality is in between.
Low flows in a regulated river system are associated with reduced breeding bird abundance and diversity in Yosemite National Park, California

River regulation can alter the magnitude, frequency, duration, and timing of flows, which influences the function of downstream ecosystems. Bird communities can be useful indicators of ecosystem function as individual species respond to varied changes in habitat structure and food availability. We examined the relative importance of different aspects of a regulated flow regime (average daily flow, the number of days flows fell below the 25th percentile, the timing and magnitude of maximum flows, and the inter‐annual duration of flows below the historical median) on predicted bird abundance and diversity using 11 years of data collected within a floodplain meadow system located downstream of Hetch Hetchy Reservoir in Yosemite National Park, California. We found that prolonged periods of low flows were negatively associated with the number of breeding birds detected, as well as the species richness of the breeding bird community. Species richness was also negatively correlated with delays in spring runoff delivery. We opportunistically looked at the same hydrologic variables in a parallel unregulated system, the Merced River through Yosemite Valley, and did not find the same strong relationship with bird community data. This suggests that the dam may be exacerbating the effects of drought.
CT-Based Leiden Score Outperforms Confirm Score in Predicting Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events for Diabetic Patients with Suspected Coronary Artery Disease

Objective Evidence supports the efficacy of coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA)-based risk scores in cardiovascular risk stratification of patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD). We aimed to compare two CCTA-based risk score algorithms, Leiden and Confirm scores, in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and suspected CAD. Materials and Methods This single-center prospective cohort study consecutively included 1241 DM patients (54.1% male, 60.2 ± 10.4 years) referred for CCTA for suspected CAD in 2015–2017. Leiden and Confirm scores were calculated and stratified as < 5 (reference), 5–20, and > 20 for Leiden and < 14.3 (reference), 14.3–19.5, and > 19.5 for Confirm. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were defined as the composite outcomes of cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and unstable angina requiring hospitalization. The Cox model and Kaplan–Meier method were used to evaluate the effect size of the risk scores on MACE. The area under the curve (AUC) at the median follow-up time was also compared between score algorithms. Results During a median follow-up of 31 months (interquartile range, 27.6–37.3 months), 131 of MACE were recorded, including 17 cardiovascular deaths, 28 nonfatal MIs, 64 unstable anginas requiring hospitalization, and 22 strokes. An incremental incidence of MACE was observed in both Leiden and Confirm scores, with an increase in the scores (log-rank p < 0.001). In the multivariable analysis, compared with Leiden score < 5, the hazard ratios for Leiden scores of 5–20 and > 20 were 2.37 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.53–3.69; p < 0.001) and 4.39 (95% CI: 2.40–8.01; p < 0.001), respectively, while the Confirm score did not demonstrate a statistically significant association with the risk of MACE. The Leiden score showed a greater AUC of 0.840 compared to 0.777 for the Confirm score (p < 0.001). Conclusion CCTA-based risk score algorithms could be used as reliable cardiovascular risk predictors in patients with DM and suspected CAD, among which the Leiden score outperformed the Confirm score in predicting MACE.
Effect of Curcuma longa rhizome extract and curcumin against laboratory-reared Aedes Aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) larvae: Alterations of cell ultrastructure and immunoreactivity of octopamine and tyramine in the midgut

Plant bioactive compounds, as an alternative insecticide, play an essential role in mosquito control. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Curcuma longa rhizome extract and curcumin against Aedes aegypti larvae, focusing on changes in the cell ultrastructure and immunoreactivity of octopamine (OA) and tyramine (TA) in the midgut. The larval bioassay was used following WHO protocols. Ae. Aegypti 3 rd – 4 th instars larvae collected from the laboratory were exposed to both different concentrations of C. longa rhizome extract and curcumin. Ultrastructural changes in the midgut cells were tested by transmission electron microscope (TEM). OA and TA in the midgut were detected by the immunohistochemical method. At 24 h, curcumin killed 100% of Ae. Aegypti larvae at a concentration of 4 ppm. The LC 50 values of curcumin and the rhizome extract were 1.522 and 4.074 ppm respectively. The curcumin caused ultrastructural changes in the larval midgut; damaged cells, epithelial cells microvilli, cell membranes, nucleus, mitochondria, and other cell organelles. Curcumin and the rhizome extract decreased the immunoreactivity of OA and TA in the larval midgut. Curcumin showed significant larvicidal activity against Ae. aegypti larvae mediated by damaged cells and decreased immunoreactivity of OA and TA in the midgut.
Equivalent Theorem of Hellinger-Reissner and Hu-Washizu Variational Principles

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Relaxation et décohérence des polarons dans les boîtes quantiques de semi-conducteurs

Cette these presente une etude theorique des interactions electron-phonon dans les boites quantiques InAs/GaAs, ou le regime de couplage fort entre les porteurs confines dans les boites et les phonons optiques a pour consequence la formation d'etats intriques appeles polarons. Nous prenons tout d'abord en compte le couplage fort entre excitons et phonons optiques afin de calculer l'absorption interbande sous champ magnetique. Nous calculons ensuite le temps de vie des etats polarons, dont l'instabilite est due a leur composante phonon. Nous demontrons la necessite de prendre en compte de maniere detaillee les differents processus anharmoniques, dont l'efficacite depend fortement de l'energie du polaron. Ces calculs permettent d'expliquer les variations non monotones du temps de vie mesure des polarons avec leur energie. Nous etudions ensuite la dynamique de relaxation dans les boites doublement chargees, ou l'interaction spin-orbite, associee aux couplages electron-phonon, entraine des processus de retournement du spin entre etats singulets et triplets. Finalement, nous etudions la coherence optique de la transition intrabande fondamentale, dont l'elargissement avec la temperature est du aux transitions reelles et virtuelles vers le deuxieme etat excite.
Relationships between Food Production Experience and the Behavior, Attitude, and Knowledge of Dietary Recommendations among Japanese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

The Japanese Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries proposed to educate more people in food production as one of the objectives of the Basic Plan for Food and Nutrition Education Promotion. This cross-sectional study aims to elucidate the relationship between food production experience (agricultural, forestry, and fishery experiences) and the behavior, attitude, and knowledge of dietary recommendations among Japanese adults. This study was conducted using data obtained from the “Survey on Dietary Habits and Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishery Experiences (2019)”. This survey was conducted by mailing paper questionnaires to respondents aged 20–69 years living in 17 regions across Japan. The independent variable was food production experience. The dependent variables were each of the 13 goals of the dietary guidelines in Japan, the total score for adherence to the 13 items (low scores indicate good adherence), adherence to a Japanese-style diet, and four items on the attitude and knowledge of dietary recommendations. I also examined the association between the point in life the food production experience occurred and the above outcomes. The data obtained from 3461 participants aged 20 to 69 years were used for multivariate logistic and linear regression analyses. Food production experience was positively associated with an improved behavior, attitude, and knowledge of dietary recommendations among adults in Japan. The study found a strong relationship with food production experiences in adulthood.
Stability and bifurcation analysis of a phytoplankton-zooplankton-fish model involving fear in zooplankton species and fish harvesting

ABSTRACT In this paper, a predator–prey model that takes into account the interactions between three species of fish, zooplankton, and phytoplankton has been developed. The logistic growth of phytoplankton has been considered in the absence of zooplankton. It is assumed that zooplankton eats phytoplankton. It is considered that the growth rate of zooplankton decreases due to the fear of fish. The release of toxins by phytoplankton and fish consumption are two further factors that are assumed to decrease the growth rate of zooplankton. The harvesting of fish has also been considered in this study. Local and global stability of the system around the equilibrium points has been investigated. The existence condition of oscillatory behaviour of the system has been studied through Hopf bifurcation. It is found that the increasing rate of minimum cost of fear may stabilize the system. It is obtained that the rate of increase of release of toxin substance by phytoplankton may be responsible for the stability of the system. It is also found that the system may become unstable for the increase of level of fear of zooplankton. Some numerical simulation results are presented to test the theoretical findings.
Effects of aggregate type, aggregate pretreatment method, supplementary cementitious materials, and macro fibers on fresh and hardened properties of high‐strength all‐lightweight self‐compacting concrete

In this research, a new high‐strength all‐lightweight self‐compacting concrete (HALSCC) was developed with a density less than 1760 kg/m3 and a compressive strength of more than 40 MPa. The effects of different parameters were investigated: pretreatment methods, binders, type of aggregates, and hybrid steel fibers on the properties of HALSCC. The experimental investigation evaluated the properties of fresh, mechanical, and microstructure of several concrete mixtures that incorporate low‐C3A cement, silica fume, metakaolin, and hybrid steel fibers. The results show that HALSCC can be developed. The binder pretreatment method could improve the compressive strength by 14.1% compared with the water pretreatment method through the strengthening of Zone 1 and Zone 2 of interfacial transition zone. Also, the mixes incorporating stalite could improve the compressive strength by 40.8% and 106% compared to the mixes with scoria and leca respectively. Hybrid length steel fibers could increase the mechanical properties when compared to a single type of fiber.
Minimal Direction Cuts in Metabolic Networks

Minimal cut sets (MCSs) have been introduced to define perturbations in a metabolic network needed to repress the activity of a given target reaction. While this approach gives interesting insight into the structure of metabolic networks, it suffers from two major drawbacks that are limiting in practice. First, using MCSs becomes inadequate when we are interested in inhibiting only one direction of a reversible target reaction. Second, and more importantly, the computation of MCSs by currently available methods is limited by the combinatorial explosion of the number of elementary modes and hence is not practical for genomescale networks. To overcome these problems, we introduce the concept of minimal direction cuts. A minimal forward (resp. backward) direction cut (MFC) (resp. MBC) is a minimal set of reactions whose removal prevents the target reaction from carrying a flux in the forward (resp. backward) direction. Computing MFCs and MBCs does not require to determine beforehand the elementary modes of t.
Are Value Stocks Still Valuable: A Study of Value Strategy using Stock Data from 1999 to 2020

This study uses two essential factors, book-to-market (B/M) ratio, and cash flow to price (C/P) ratio, to generate decile portfolios. Additionally, decile portfolios sorted by two factors from high to low are formed for five years with annual returns. By comparing the five-year average returns of each decile portfolio, it is determined that the value strategy is still effective in the market.
Targeting HSP90 as a Novel Therapy for Cancer: Mechanistic Insights and Translational Relevance

Heat shock protein (HSP90), a highly conserved molecular chaperon, is indispensable for the maturation of newly synthesized poly-peptides and provides a shelter for the turnover of misfolded or denatured proteins. In cancers, the client proteins of HSP90 extend to the entire process of oncogenesis that are associated with all hallmarks of cancer. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that the client proteins are guided for proteasomal degradation when their complexes with HSP90 are disrupted. Accordingly, HSP90 and its co-chaperones have emerged as viable targets for the development of cancer therapeutics. Consequently, a number of natural products and their analogs targeting HSP90 have been identified. They have shown a strong inhibitory effect on various cancer types through different mechanisms. The inhibitors act by directly binding to either HSP90 or its co-chaperones/client proteins. Several HSP90 inhibitors—such as geldanamycin and its derivatives, gamitrinib and shepherdin—are under clinical evaluation with promising results. Here, we review the subcellular localization of HSP90, its corresponding mechanism of action in the malignant phenotypes, and the recent progress on the development of HSP90 inhibitors. Hopefully, this comprehensive review will shed light on the translational potential of HSP90 inhibitors as novel cancer therapeutics.
Mission Impossible? A Review of Kylie Jarrett’s Book "Digital Labor"

This article reviews Kylie Jarrett’s new book Digital Labor (2022. Cambridge: Polity Press). Jarrett develops a precise definition of digital labour to meet the objection that the term has been over-extended. This article argues that, despite much thought-provoking analysis of the different categories included in her definition and imaginative attempts to link them, the book fails to establish that digital labour in an extended sense has any distinct meaning separate from more general developments in work in contemporary capitalism.
On Variance-Stabilizing Multivariate Nonparametric Regression Estimation : A Comparison Between the Two Variance-Stabilizing Bandwidth Matrices (種々のモデルのための漸近展開とそれらに関連する話題 : RIMS共同研究報告集)

It is well-known that a nonparametric regression estimator does not produce constant estimator variance over domain. To obtain a homoscedastic nonparametric regression cstimators especially for a kernel regression estimator, a bandwidth matrix that is designed to stabilize variance should be introduced. In this papcr, we give an overview of the homoscedastic nonparametric regression estimators and make a comparison between the two possible variance-stabilizing (henceforth $VS$ ) bandwidth matriceb. Thc locallv linear estimator (henceforth the LL estimator) as presented by Ruppert and Wand (1994) is one of thc well-known nonparamctric regression cstimators to cxplore the association between a set of stochastic covariates $X=(X_{1}, \ldots, X_{p})$ and the response $Y. $ Let us consider a $p+1$-row vector $(X_{i}., Y_{i})$ of random variables, where $X_{i}. $ $=(X_{i1}, \ldots, X_{ip})$
Epidemiological and Phylogeographic Study of Equid Herpesviruses in Tunisia

Equid herpesvirus (EHV) is a contagious viral disease affecting horses, causing illness characterized by respiratory symptoms, abortion and neurological disorders. It is common worldwide and causes severe economic losses to the equine industry. The present study was aimed at investigating the incidence of EHVs, the genetic characterization of Tunisian isolates and a spatiotemporal study, using 298 collected samples from diseased and clinically healthy horses. The global incidence of EHV infection was found to be about 71.81%. EHV2 and EHV5 were detected in 146 (48.99%) and 159 (53.35%) sampled horses, respectively. EHV1 was detected in 11 samples (3.69%); EHV4 was not detected. Co-infections with EHV1-EHV2, EHV1-EHV5 and EHV2-EHV5 were observed in 0.33%, 1.34% and 31.54% of tested horses, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses showed that gB of EHV2 and EHV5 displays high genetic diversity with a nucleotide sequence identity ranging from 88 to 100% for EHV2 and 97.5 to 100% for EHV5. Phylogeography suggested Iceland and USA as the most likely countries of origin of the Tunisian EHV2 and EHV5 isolates. These viruses detected in Tunisia seemed to be introduced in the 2000s. This first epidemiological and phylogeographic study is important for better knowledge of the evolution of equid herpesvirus infections in Tunisia.
Fagdidaktisk modell; – bidrag til «den gode oppgaven»?

I kunst og håndverk er arbeidsoppgaven en læringsoppgave eleven eller studenten bruker tid på for å lære faget. Arbeidsoppgaven er verkstedsbasert, – praktisk og estetisk. Det er ikke tradisjon for lære­bøker i dette faget, hvilket innebærer at læreren bruker tid på didaktisk planlegging og gjennomføring, med arbeidsoppgaven som grunnlag for læring. Artikkelen spør: Hvilke didaktiske kategorier bør inngå i en fagdidaktisk modell til støtte for planlegging og gjennomføring av arbeidsoppgaven, slik at den kan vise seg som «den gode oppgaven»? Det benyttes et semantisk teorisyn for utvikling av fagdidaktisk modell (Kvernbekk, 2005). Malcolm Ross (1978) sin modell for undervisning i kunstfagene danner bak­grunnen for utvikling av ny modell. Med utgangspunkt i læreplanen Kunnskapsløftet 2020, og fagets tradisjonelle byggesteiner (Nielsen, 2019) gjør artikkelen rede for tre grupper didaktiske kategorier i ny fagdidaktisk modell. Modellen bygger på Klafkis danningsteori (Klafki i Straum, 2018). Det argumenteres for hvordan kategorier utfyller hverandre etter Klafkis prinsipp for kategorial danning. Ny fagdidaktisk modell, Tegneblyanten, har en ekstralingvistisk størrelse som form av en tegneblyant, fagets fremste kommunikasjonsredskap i prosess så vel som produkt.