Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Individual patterns of problems with participation, activity, body function and environment in everyday life for children who completed brain tumor treatment

Abstract Purpose The study purpose was to, with the help of ICF and the CPS model, describe and explain patterns of co-occurring problems with participation in everyday life activities, body functioning and environment for children who completed brain tumor treatment. Materials and methods Hospital, habilitation and school records for nine children (5–11 yrs.) diagnosed with brain tumor, were retrospectively reviewed for everyday problems after treatment completion. These problems were linked to ICF codes. Median code distribution within ICF constructs participation, body function, body structure, activity, and environment were calculated to generate typical (close to median) and atypical (distant from median) patterns of problems on individual and group levels. Two children were in-depth analyzed with collaborative problem-solving (CPS) model to identify participation problems and plausible explanations. Results In total, 4543 ICF linked codes revealed similarities and differences between individuals. The selected child-cases displayed educational challenges and peer-relational problems. The ICF codes related to activity, body function and environment revealed plausible explanations for the children’s documented problems with participation in everyday life. Conclusions The combination of ICF and CPS can provide a comprehensive view of the child’s problems and guide development of participation in everyday life-focused interventions for children treated for brain tumors. Implications for rehabilitation Care should be guided by interventions and support directed at individual children and their everyday life. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) framework can support identification of the individual child’s patterns of problems and how these affects the child’s everyday life. It is recommended to start by identifying participation problems when using ICF to identify and describe problems in children’s natural settings. The collaborative problem-solving model can guide healthcare, habilitation and school services when identifying and acting on typical and atypical problem patterns experienced by these children.
The phenotypic costs of captivity

The breeding of threatened species in captivity for release is a central tool in conservation biology. Given gloomy predictions for biodiversity trends in the Anthropocene, captive breeding will play an increasingly important role in preventing future extinctions. Relative to the wild, captive environments drastically alter selection pressures on animals. Phenotypic change in captive animals in response to these altered selection pressures can incur fitness costs post‐release, jeopardising their potential contribution to population recovery. We explore the ways in which captive environments can hinder the expression of wild phenotypes. We also stress that the phenotypes of captive‐bred animals differ from their wild counterparts in multiple ways that remain poorly understood. We propose five new research questions relating to the impact of captive phenotypes on reintroduction biology. With better use of monitoring and experimental reintroductions, a more robust evidence base should help inform adaptive management and minimise the phenotypic costs of captivity, improving the success of animal reintroductions.
Retraction: Upregulation of HYAL1 Expression in Breast Cancer Promoted Tumor Cell Proliferation, Migration, Invasion and Angiogenesis

After this article [1] was published, concerns were raised about the mouse tumor sizes reported in Fig 7. Specifically, the chart in Fig 7A of the article appears to report tumor sizes of up to 3500 mm. In response to queries about these experiments, the first author stated that when this study was conducted, the animal monitoring procedures established by the institution were followed. They stated that the appearance (skin, hair, limbs, tail, eyes, nostrils, ears, mouth), behavior, mental condition, eating, drinking, urine and feces of the experimental animals were observed and recorded daily. The first author also stated that when the pain and distress of the experimental animals was ‘more than expected’, or at the end of the experiment, the experimental animals were euthanized using ether as an inhalation anesthetic, and cervical spine dislocation. The authors did not provide details as to how pain and distress were evaluated, what specific threshold was applied as an endpoint criterion, or whether any animals died or were euthanized before the 9-week endpoint. The first author provided the underlying individual-level tumor volume and tumor weight data. This showed that the individual mouse tumor sizes were up to 4621.72 mm and many individual mouse tumor sizes were over 2000 mm, particularly in the MCF-HYAL1 group from 7 weeks. The large tumors (especially those in the 2000–4622 mm range) would be expected to impede mobility and cause significant pain and discomfort. Furthermore, the quantitative results reported in Fig 7A call into question whether the 9-week endpoint and large tumor sizes were scientifically justified: the figure reports statistically significant differences between groups as early as week 5, when tumors were < 2000 mm in volume. Based on our assessment and advice received previously from a laboratory animal welfare expert, PLOS ONE concluded that the reported tumor sizes, study design, and endpoint criteria would likely not have met internationally accepted animal research ethics standards that were in place when the study was conducted. PLOS ONE is also concerned about the use of ether as an anesthetic agent since this agent can cause irritation and distress for laboratory animals and also presents risks to laboratory personnel. The authors stated that the ethics approval letter for this study is no longer available. In light of the above concerns, PLOS ONE concluded that the study did not comply with the journal’s Animal Research Policy which requires that studies involving animals must have been conducted according to internationally accepted standards. Therefore, PLOS ONE retracts this article. The editors regret that these concerns were not addressed prior to the article’s publication. PLOS ONE
Draft Genome Sequence of Lactococcus lactis Strain PrHT3, Isolated from Organic Basil

Here, we report the draft genome sequence of Lactococcus lactis strain PrHT3, which was isolated from organic basil. This strain possesses one chromosome and two plasmids. This strain possesses potential probiotic characteristics. ABSTRACT Here, we report the draft genome sequence of Lactococcus lactis strain PrHT3, which was isolated from organic basil. This strain possesses one chromosome and two plasmids. This strain possesses potential probiotic characteristics.
Finite size emptiness formation probability of the XXZ spin chain at

In this paper, we compute the emptiness formation probability of a (twisted-) periodic XXZ spin chain of finite length at , thus proving the formulas conjectured by Razumov and Stroganov (2001 J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 34 3185 and 5335–40). The result is obtained by exploiting the fact that the ground state of the inhomogeneous XXZ spin chain at satisfies a set of qKZ equations associated with .
Entropy, subentropy and the elementary symmetric functions

We use complex contour integral techniques to study the entropy H and subentropy Q as functions of the elementary symmetric polynomials, revealing a series of striking properties. In particular for these variables, derivatives of -Q are equal to derivatives of H of one higher order and the first derivatives of H and Q are seen to be completely monotone functions. It then follows that exp (-H) and exp(-Q) are Laplace transforms of infinitely divisible probability distributions.
Reliable and Representative Estimation of Extrapolation Model Application in Deriving Water Quality Criteria for Antibiotics

Deriving water quality benchmarks based on the species sensitivity distribution (SSD) is crucial for assessing the ecological risks of antibiotics. The application of extrapolation methods such as interspecies correlation estimation (ICE) and acute‐to‐chronic ratios (ACRs) can effectively supplement insufficient toxicity data for these emerging contaminants. Acute‐to‐chronic ratios can predict chronic toxicity from acute toxicity, and ICE can extrapolate an acute toxicity value from one species to another species. The present study explored the impact of two extrapolation methods on the reliability of SSDs by analyzing different scenarios. The results show that, compared with the normal and Weibull distributions, the logistic model was the best‐fitting model. For most antibiotics, SSDs derived by extrapolation have high reliability, with 82.9% of R2 values being higher than 0.9, and combining ICE and ACR methods can bring a maximum increase of 10% in R2. Based on the results of Monte Carlo simulation, the statistical uncertainty brought by ICE in SSD is 10–40 times larger than that brought by ACR, and combining the two methods could reduce uncertainty. In addition, the sensitivity test showed that whether the toxicity data came from extrapolation or actual measurement, the lower the value of toxicity endpoints was, the greater the bias caused by the corresponding species in every scenario. Combining the two aforementioned extrapolation methods could effectively increase the stability of SSD, with their bias nearly equal to 1. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:191–204. © 2022 SETAC
Gapless spin-liquid phase in the kagome spin-(1)/(2) Heisenberg antiferromagnet

We study the energy and the static spin structure factor of the ground state of the spin-1/2 quantum Heisenberg antiferromagnetic model on the kagome lattice. By the iterative application of a few Lanczos steps on accurate projected fermionic wave functions and the Green's function Monte Carlo technique, we find that a gapless (algebraic) U(1) Dirac spin liquid is competitive with previously proposed gapped (topological) Z2 spin liquids. By performing a finite-size extrapolation of the ground-state energy, we obtain an energy per site E/J=-0.4365(2), which is equal, within three error bars, to the estimates given by the density-matrix renormalization group (DMRG). Our estimate is obtained for a translationally invariant system, and, therefore, does not suffer from boundary effects, like in DMRG. Moreover, on finite toric clusters at the pure variational level, our energies are lower compared to those from DMRG calculations.
Coulomb drag as a measure of trigonal warping in doped graphene

I suggest to use the effect of Coulomb drag between two closely positioned graphite monolayers (graphene sheets) for experimental measurement of the strength of weak nonlinearities of the spectrum in graphene. I consider trigonal warping as a representative mechanism responsible for the drag effect. Since graphene is relatively defect-free, I evaluate the drag conductivity in the ballistic regime and find that it is proportional to the fourth power of the warping strength.
Enhancing bioflavor production by solid‐state fermentation using Kluyveromyces marxianus and l‐phenylalanine

This study includes the utilization of sweet lemon peel (SLP) and sugarcane bagasse (SB) in solid‐state fermentation using Kluyveromyces marxianus for bioflavor compounds production adopting response surface methodology. The major flavor compounds, 2‐phenylethanol (2‐PE) and 2‐phenylethyl acetate (2‐PEA) were quantified using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry with and without adding any supplements. Quantification of flavor compounds indicated that without adding any accessory in the substrate, the concentration of 2‐PE using SLP and SB was 0.15 ± 0.003 mg/g and 0.14 ± 0.002 mg/g, respectively. Whereas 2‐PEA concentration using SLP and SB was observed as 0.01 ± 0.008 mg/g and 0.02 ± 0.001 mg/g, respectively. The addition of l‐phenylalanine (l‐phe) in the substrates showed 30%–75% enhancement in the production of 2‐PE and 2‐PEA. The present study indicates that the K. marxianus is a potential microbial cell factory for the production of 2‐PE and 2‐PEA with the addition of synthetic l‐phe having a plethora of applications in food and pharmaceutical industries.
Minimum-error state discrimination constrained by the no-signaling principle

We provide a bound on the minimum error when discriminating among quantum states, using the no-signaling principle. The bound is general in that it depends on neither dimensions nor specific structures of given quantum states to be discriminated among. We show that the bound is tight for the minimum-error state discrimination between symmetric (both pure and mixed) qubit states. Moreover, the bound can be applied to a set of quantum states for which the minimum-error state discrimination is not known yet. Finally, our results strengthen the quantitative connection between two no-go theorems, the no-signaling principle, and the no perfect state estimation.
Small gaps between the set of products of at most two primes

In this paper, we apply the method of Maynard and Tao to the set of products of two distinct primes (E2-numbers). We obtain several results on the distribution of E2-numbers and primes. Among others, the result of Goldston, Pintz, Yildirim and Graham on small gaps between m consecutive E2-numbers is improved.
Double quantization of Seiberg–Witten
 geometry and W-algebras

We show that the double quantization of Seiberg-Witten spectral curve for $\Gamma$-quiver gauge theory defines the generating current of W$(\Gamma)$-algebra in the free field realization. We also show that the partition function is given as a correlator of the corresponding W$(\Gamma)$-algebra, which is equivalent to the AGT relation under the gauge/quiver (spectral) duality.
Clarion is a multi-label problem transformation method for identifying mRNA subcellular localizations

Subcellular localization of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) plays a key role in the spatial regulation of gene activity. The functions of mRNAs have been shown to be closely linked with their localizations. As such, understanding of the subcellular localizations of mRNAs can help elucidate gene regulatory networks. Despite several computational methods that have been developed to predict mRNA localizations within cells, there is still much room for improvement in predictive performance, especially for the multiple-location prediction. In this study, we proposed a novel multi-label multi-class predictor, termed Clarion, for mRNA subcellular localization prediction. Clarion was developed based on a manually curated benchmark dataset and leveraged the weighted series method for multi-label transformation. Extensive benchmarking tests demonstrated Clarion achieved competitive predictive performance and the weighted series method plays a crucial role in securing superior performance of Clarion. In addition, the independent test results indicate that Clarion outperformed the state-of-the-art methods and can secure accuracy of 81.47, 91.29, 79.77, 92.10, 89.15, 83.74, 80.74, 79.23 and 84.74% for chromatin, cytoplasm, cytosol, exosome, membrane, nucleolus, nucleoplasm, nucleus and ribosome, respectively. The webserver and local stand-alone tool of Clarion is freely available at http://monash.bioweb. cloud.edu. au/Clarion/.
Trees with the Most Subtrees -- An Algorithmic Approach

When considering the number of subtrees of trees, the extremal structures which maximize this number among binary trees and trees with a given maximum degree lead to some interesting facts that correlate to other graphical indices in applications. The number of subtrees in the extremal cases constitute sequences which are of interest to number theorists. The structures which maximize or minimize the number of subtrees among general trees, binary trees and trees with a given maximum degree have been identified previously. Most recently, results of this nature are generalized to trees with a given degree sequence. In this note, we characterize the trees which maximize the number of subtrees among trees of a given order and degree sequence. Instead of using theoretical arguments, we take an algorithmic approach that explicitly describes the process of achieving an extremal tree from any random tree. The result also leads to some interesting questions and provides insight on finding the trees close to extremal and their numbers of subtrees.
Cardiac troponin release following coronary artery bypass grafting: mechanisms and clinical implications

Abstract The use of biomarkers is undisputed in the diagnosis of primary myocardial infarction (MI), but their value for identifying MI is less well studied in the postoperative phase following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). To identify patients with periprocedural MI (PMI), several conflicting definitions of PMI have been proposed, relying either on cardiac troponin (cTn) or the MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase, with or without supporting evidence of ischaemia. However, CABG inherently induces the release of cardiac biomarkers, as reflected by significant cTn concentrations in patients with uncomplicated postoperative courses. Still, the underlying (patho)physiological release mechanisms of cTn are incompletely understood, complicating adequate interpretation of postoperative increases in cTn concentrations. Therefore, the aim of the current review is to present these potential underlying mechanisms of cTn release in general, and following CABG in particular (Graphical Abstract ). Based on these mechanisms, dissimilarities in the release of cTnI and cTnT are discussed, with potentially important implications for clinical practice. Consequently, currently proposed cTn biomarker cut-offs by the prevailing definitions of PMI might warrant re-assessment, with differentiation in cut-offs for the separate available assays and surgical strategies. To resolve these issues, future prospective studies are warranted to determine the prognostic influence of biomarker release in general and PMI in particular.
Incompressible limit of the compressible non-isentropic magnetohydrodynamic equations with zero magnetic diffusivity

We study the incompressible limit of the compressible non-isentropic magnetohydrodynamic equations with zero magnetic diffusivity and general initial data in the whole space $\mathbb{R}^d$ $(d=2,3)$. We first establish the existence of classic solutions on a time interval independent of the Mach number. Then, by deriving uniform a priori estimates, we obtain the convergence of the solution to that of the incompressible magnetohydrodynamic equations as the Mach number tends to zero.
Osteology and reassessment of Dineobellator notohesperus, a southern eudromaeosaur (Theropoda: Dromaeosauridae: Eudromaeosauria) from the latest Cretaceous of New Mexico

Dromaeosaurids (Theropoda: Dromaeosauridae), a group of dynamic, swift predators, have a sparse fossil record, particularly at the end of the Cretaceous Period. The recently described Dineobellator notohesperus, consisting of a partial skeleton from the Upper Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) of New Mexico, is the only diagnostic dromaeosaurid to be recovered from the latest Cretaceous of the southwestern United States. Reinterpreted and newly described material include several caudal vertebrae, portions of the right radius and pubis, and an additional ungual, tentatively inferred to be from manual digit III. Unique features, particularly those of the humerus, unguals, and caudal vertebrae, distinguish D. notohesperus from other known dromaeosaurids. This material indicates different physical attributes among dromaeosaurids, such as use of the forearms, strength in the hands and feet, and mobility of the tail. Several bones in the holotype exhibit abnormal growth and are inferred to be pathologic features resulting from an injury or disease. Similar lengths of the humerus imply Dineobellator and Deinonychus were of similar size, at least regarding length and/or height, although the more gracile nature of the humerus implies Dineobellator was a more lightly built predator. A new phylogenetic analysis recovers D. notohesperus as a dromaeosaurid outside other previously known and named clades. Theropod composition of the Naashoibito Member theropod fauna is like those found in the more northern Late Cretaceous North American ecosystems. Differences in tooth morphologies among recovered theropod teeth from the Naashoibito Member also implies D. notohesperus was not the only dromaeosaurid present in its environment.
Trans-regulatory changes underpin the evolution of the Drosophila immune response

When an animal is infected, the expression of a large suite of genes is changed, resulting in an immune response that can defend the host. Despite much evidence that the sequence of proteins in the immune system can evolve rapidly, the evolution of gene expression is comparatively poorly understood. We therefore investigated the transcriptional response to parasitoid wasp infection in Drosophila simulans and D. sechellia. Although these species are closely related, there has been a large scale divergence in the expression of immune-responsive genes in their two main immune tissues, the fat body and hemocytes. Many genes, including those encoding molecules that directly kill pathogens, have cis regulatory changes, frequently resulting in large differences in their expression in the two species. However, these changes in cis regulation overwhelmingly affected gene expression in immune-challenged and uninfected animals alike. Divergence in the response to infection was controlled in trans. We argue that altering trans-regulatory factors, such as signalling pathways or immune modulators, may allow natural selection to alter the expression of large numbers of immune-responsive genes in a coordinated fashion.
Anderson Transitions

The physics of Anderson transitions between localized and metallic phases in disordered systems is reviewed. The term “Anderson transition” is understood in a broad sense, including both metalinsulator transitions and quantum-Hall-type transitions between phases with localized states. The emphasis is put on recent developments, which include: multifractality of critical wave functions, criticality in the power-law random banded matrix model, symmetry classification of disordered electronic systems, mechanisms of criticality in quasi-one-dimensional and two-dimensional systems and survey of corresponding critical theories, network models, and random Dirac Hamiltonians. Analytical approaches are complemented by advanced numerical simulations.