Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impacts of Extreme Climate Events on Future Rice Yields in Global Major Rice-Producing Regions

Under the dual impacts of climate change and COVID-19, there are great risks to the world’s food security. Rice is one of the three major food crops of the world. Assessing the impact of climate change on future rice production is very important for ensuring global food security. This article divides the world’s main rice-producing regions into four regions and uses a multivariate nonlinear model based on historical economic and climatic data to explore the impacts of historical extreme climatic events and economic factors on rice yield. Based on these historical models, future climatic data, and economic data under different shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs), the yields of four major rice-producing regions of the world under different climate change scenarios (SSP126, SSP245, and SSP585) are predicted. The research results reveal that under different climate change scenarios, extreme high-temperature events (Tx90p) and extreme precipitation events (Rx5day, R99pTOT) in the four major rice-producing regions have an upward trend in the future. Extreme low-temperature events (Tn10p) have a downward trend. In the rice-producing regions of Southeast Asia and South America, extreme precipitation events will increase significantly in the future. The prediction results of this model indicate that the rice output of these four major rice-producing regions will show an upward trend in the future. Although extreme precipitation events will have a negative impact on rice production, future increases in rice planting areas, economic development, and population growth will all contribute to an increase in rice production. The increase in food demand caused by population growth also brings uncertainty to global food security. This research is helpful for further understanding climate change trends and risks to global rice-production areas in the future and provides an important reference for global rice-production planning and risk management.
Survey on Psychological Well-Being and Quality of Life in Visually Impaired Individuals: Dancesport vs. Other Sound Input-Based Sports

Sport practice has the widely demonstrated potential of promoting well-being and physical/mental health, especially in disabled individuals. Nowadays, visually impaired people can participate in several sports commonly adapted and played substituting visual input with auditory or tactile ones. By integrating movement and music, dance can simultaneously promote physical and emotional involvement and enhances vicarious sense recruitment. On these premises, we performed a survey to assess the psychological well-being (PWB) and quality of life (QoL) in visually impaired athletes, comparing dancesport vs other sound input-based sports. Twenty-one visually impaired dancers and twenty-seven visually impaired athletes practicing adapted baseball, showdown, blind futsal, or blind tennis completed a structured self-report survey including the Italian version of PWB-18 scale and the Short Form-12 (SF-12) questionnaire. Dancers reported significantly higher scores in PWB-18 autonomy, environmental mastery, and self-acceptance along with a higher PWB total score than the other athlete group. Similarly, the SF-12 questionnaire results demonstrated significantly higher scores in both physical and mental QoL of visually impaired dancers compared with other athletes. In conclusion, our findings suggest that, given its peculiarities, the practice of dancesport may have a stronger positive impact on PWB and QoL of visually impaired individuals than other sound input-based sports.
The Beauty is a beast: Does leachate from the invasive terrestrial plant Impatiens glandulifera affect aquatic food webs?

Abstract Invasive alien species are a major threat to ecosystems. Invasive terrestrial plants can produce allelochemicals which suppress native terrestrial biodiversity. However, it is not known if leached allelochemicals from invasive plants growing in riparian zones, such as Impatiens glandulifera, also affect freshwater ecosystems. We used mesocosms and laboratory experiments to test the impact of I. glandulifera on a simplified freshwater food web. Our mesocosm experiments show that leachate from I. glandulifera significantly reduced population growth rate of the water flea Daphnia magna and the green alga Acutodesmus obliquus, both keystone species of lakes and ponds. Laboratory experiments using the main allelochemical released by I. glandulifera, 2‐methoxy‐1,4‐naphthoquinone, revealed negative fitness effects in D. magna and A. obliquus. Our findings show that allelochemicals from I. glandulifera not only reduce biodiversity in terrestrial habitats but also pose a threat to freshwater ecosystems, highlighting the necessity to incorporate cross‐ecosystem effects in the risk assessment of invasive species.
Acoustic Metamaterials: A Potential for Cabin Noise Control in Automobiles and Armored Vehicles

The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the existing industrial practices used for cabin noise control in various industries such as automotive, marine, aerospace, and defense. However, emphasis is placed on automobiles and armored vehicles. Generally, automobile cabins usually constitute of thin structural panels, where the fundamental frequency typically falls below 200Hz. If a specific structural mode couples with a specific acoustic mode of the cabin, booming noise occurs. As such, discomfort may be felt by the occupants. Fundamentally, vibroacoustics problems may be minimized if the acoustic modes and the structural modes are decoupled, which is achieved usually by structural modifications or acoustical treatments. However, if excessively performed, the weight limitation of an automobile design will be exceeded; not to mention the adverse effect of increased weight on several factors such as fuel efficiency, mileage life of tires and acceleration of the vehicle. Moreover, current solutions.
Meat Quality Parameters, Sensory Properties and Consumer Acceptance of Chicken Meat from Dual-Purpose Crossbreeds Fed with Regional Faba Beans

Consumers’ concerns regarding the ethical and environmental practices of the current poultry production system have led to the search for an alternative production method. This study evaluated samples of three dual-purpose chicken crossbreeds: Vorwerkhuhn × Bresse Gauloise (VBG), Vorwerkhuhn × White Rock (VWR), and Bresse Gauloise × White Rock (BWR), fed with two variants of faba beans (vicin/convicin-rich and -poor: VC+ and VC−, respectively) and soybeans to examine whether the FB-based diets affected the meat quality of the crossbreeds. pH, color, water holding capacity, tenderness, nucleotide content and proximal composition were analyzed instrumentally, whereas sensory properties were identified by a trained panel and product acceptance was evaluated by frequent chicken consumers. Results showed that from instrumental measurements, the yellowness of the samples was affected by the type of feedstuff, whereas most other parameters were affected by the crossbreed, particularly color and nucleotide content. Sensory attributes, specifically, overall chicken aroma as well as firmness and crumbliness, were affected by an interaction of the feedstuff and crossbreed. Consumer preference did not show significant differences between samples. Overall, a faba-bean-based diet appeared to be a suitable alternative to a soybean-based diet on the crossbreeds VBG, VWR, and BWR when assessing the overall quality and taste of chicken breasts.
A Quasi-Monte Carlo Volume Integration and Chebyshev Picard Iteration Method for Time-Parallel Nonlinear Seakeeping Computations

The design and analysis of vessels and wave energy converters requires an under-standing of the nonlinear loads and responses in stochastic waves. A novel mesh-free potential ﬂow methodology is introduced for simulating the response of a ﬂoating body with nonlinear Froude-Krylov and hydrostatic e ﬀ ects. The nonlinear ﬂuid forces are cast as volume integrals using Fluid Impulse Theory (FIT). These volume integrals are robustly evaluated using Quasi-Monte Carlo (QMC) integration over an implicit geometry without the need to discretize the hull or free surfaces. The resulting nonlinear equation of motion is solved with an impulse-adapted Chebyshev Picard iteration scheme (I-MCPI). By approximating the nonlinear momentum impulse with a Chebyshev series, the time derivative can be analytically computed, circumventing the numerical sensitivity of ﬁnite-di ﬀ erencing. The solution is shown to converge over short parallelized subintervals, and sequentially concatenated to form long time records.
Grammatical Gender Disambiguates Syntactically Similar Nouns

Recent research into grammatical gender from the perspective of information theory has shown how seemingly arbitrary gender systems can ease processing demands by guiding lexical prediction. When the gender of a noun is revealed in a preceding element, the list of possible candidates is reduced to the nouns assigned to that gender. This strategy can be particularly effective if it eliminates words that are likely to compete for activation against the intended word. We propose syntax as the crucial context within which words must be disambiguated, hypothesizing that syntactically similar words should be less likely to share a gender cross-linguistically. We draw on recent work on syntactic information in the lexicon to define the syntactic distribution of a word as a probability vector of its participation in various dependency relations, and we extract such relations for 32 languages from the Universal Dependencies Treebanks. Correlational and mixed-effects regression analyses reveal that syntactically similar nouns are less likely to share a gender, the opposite pattern that is found for semantically and orthographically similar words. We interpret this finding as a design feature of language, and this study adds to a growing body of research attesting to the ways in which functional pressures on learning, memory, production, and perception shape the lexicon in different ways.
Energy counts and materials matter in models for sustainable development. Dynamic lifecycle modelling as a tool for design and evalution of long-term environmental strategies

ln this study I do not adopt one of these perspectives but I develop the perspective of the environmental physiologist instead. The environmental physiologist designs models that simulate the metabolism in the society and between the society and the environment. The four perspectives mentioned above, may provide together some concepts and processes - e.g.growth, efficiency increase and substitution, depletion and equilibrium - that can be incorporated in these metabolic rnodels. Zie: Summary
The Acceptance of Smart Wearable Devices through Health Cognitive

Many people have become “health consumers” and “health conscious” by seeking products to more effectively manage health-related lifestyle aspects such as fitness activities, healthcare, sports, and rehabilitation. The results revealed that perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and health cognitive had a significant impact on attitude to use. To increase individuals’ intention to use smart wearable devices, it is critical to encourage a positive attitude toward using the devices to acquire health knowledge. Emphasizing devising effective means to communicate the health utility of the devices to customers should be the highest priority for industry producers.
Internal fixators plates preliminary results in distal femoral fractures treatment (LISS ® system)

Objetive: distal femoral fractures are potentially serious injuries, we analyze the internal fixators like LISS; which has proved biological and mechanical advantages Material and method: we have reviewed our results with the first 13 distal femoral fractures treated by LISS® plate in one and half year. Results: we obtained high union rates (91%) and low dismantles rates (9%), without cases of infection or grafts. Conclusion: LISS has proved to be a first choice in distal femoral femur fractures decreasing open reduction
Using Margalef’s vision to understand the current aquatic microbial ecology

Ramon Margalef was a pioneering scientist who introduced an interdisciplinary approach to ecological studies. His studies were among the first to incorporate various concepts in the literature of aquatic ecology, covering topics such as organisms, ecosystem interactions and evolution. To bring Margalef’s approach into current scientific studies, in this review we explore his vision of aquatic ecology within four interrelated fields of study: ecological theory, microbial diversity, biogeochemical cycles and global environmental changes. Taking inspiration from his studies, we analyse current scientific challenges and propose an integrated approach, considering the unifying concept of Margalef’s Mandala with the aim of improving future studies on aquatic microbial ecology.
In-Season Microcycle Quantification of Professional Women Soccer Players—External, Internal and Wellness Measures

Although data currently exists pertaining to the intensity in the women’s football match, the knowledge about training is still scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to quantify external (locomotor activity) and internal (psychophysiological) intensities, as well as the wellness profile of the typical microcycle from professional female soccer players during the 2019/20 in-season. Ten players (24.6 ± 2.3 years) from an elite Portuguese women soccer team participated in this study. All variables were collected in 87 training session and 15 matches for analysis from the 2019–2020 in-season. Global positioning variables such total distance, high-speed running, acceleration, deceleration and player load were recorded as intensity while Rated Perceived Exertion (RPE) and session-RPE were recorded as internal measures. The Hooper Index (HI) was collected as a wellness parameter. The results showed that internal and external intensity measures were greater in matches compared to trainings during the week (match day minus [MD-], MD-5, MD-4, MD-2), p < 0.05 with very large effect size (ES). In the same line, higher internal and external intensity values were found in the beginning of the week while the lowest values were found in MD-2 (p < 0.05, with very large ES). Regarding wellness, there was no significant differences in the HI parameters between the training days and match days (p > 0.05). This study confirmed the highest intensity values during MD and the lowest on the training session before the MD (MD-2). Moreover, higher training intensities were found in the beginning of the training week sessions which were then reduced when the MD came close. Wellness parameters showed no variation when compared to intensity measures. This study confirmed the hypothesis regarding internal and external intensity but not regarding wellness.
ADVERSE EFFECTS OF DICLOFENAC SODIUM ON KIDNEYS IN ADULT VOLUNTEERS

The use of diclofenac sodium is a major concern in terms of renal function, patients were not given attention despite the clinical importance. This study aims to evaluate the prescribed doses (50mg/day) of diclofenac sodium by doctors for patients in the orthopedic unit.This study was conducted on 36 volunteers, male and female, who were randomly selected from the orthopedic out-patient department and were divided into two groups (two treatments). The first group (18 volunteers) received diclofenac sodium 50 mg and the second group did not receive any medicine (control). The age of volunteers in this study ranged between 20 years to 59 years, both male and female, from September 2020 to September 2021.The main indicators to detect toxic effects of diclofenac sodium on kidney function were urea, uric acid, and creatinine. The urea level in this study was 27mg/dL in the first group and 25mg/dL in the control. Uric acid was 4.12mg/dL in the first treatment and 4.04mg/dL in control and Creatinine level was 0.55mg/dL and control treatment was 0.48mg/dL . All these values collected from the study are within the normal range and cause no pathological or renal disorder.
A 3D Empirical Model of Electron Density Based on CSES Radio Occultation Measurements

China Seismo‐Electromagnetic Satellite (CSES) was successfully launched in February 2018. About 280 thousand ionospheric radio occultation (RO) electron density profiles (EDP) have been accumulated till the end of 2020. The CSES is a Sun‐synchronous orbit satellite with descending and ascending nodes around 14:00 and 02:00 LT, respectively, at the height of 507 km. Thus, most of the RO EDP concentrate on these two local time bins. First, we constructed empirical NmF2, hmF2, and Hm models at two local time windows 14:00 and 02:00 LT, respectively. The three models describe that NmF2, hmF2, and Hm vary with solar activity, season, longitude, and latitude. Through the comparison with CSES observations, the NmF2, hmF2, and Hm models could reproduce the physical characteristics rather well. Then, according to Chapman profile function, a EDP model was reconstructed based on the NmF2, hmF2, and Hm models, named CSES_Ne‐Profile Model. To evaluate the model performance, we simulated the COSMIC‐2 observations by CSES_Ne‐Profile Model and international reference ionosphere (IRI) model respectively. The results show that CSES_Ne‐Profile Model precedes the IRI model. Additionally, our model captures the merging phenomenon of the two peaks of equatorial ionospheric anomaly, which is missed by IRI. Further, CSES_NePrf model is a useful tool to provide the quiet background for case studies and joint studies with other payloads onboard CSES.
Obesity in Polish Children and Parents’ Perception of Their Children’s Weight Status: The Results of the SOPKARD-Junior Study

One way to counteract the spread of obesity in children is its early recognition by parents. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether parents’ perception of their children’s BMI category was consistent with their actual BMI assessment and to determine potential influential factors. The study was conducted as part of the “A program for the early detection of risk factors for lifestyle diseases SOPKARD-Junior” (SOPKARD-Junior), a preventive health program implemented in public elementary schools from 2017 to 2019. The results from 381 children with a mean age of 11.67 (SD = 1.52) were analyzed. Height and weight were measured and BMI was calculated. Surveys were conducted to assess parents’ perceptions of their child’s weight, along with their sociodemographic status. Nearly one in three parents were unable to correctly identify their children’s weight; 25.0% underestimated it, and 6.0% overestimated it. Underestimation was observed along with an increase in the children’s BMI weight category, with as many as 57.1% of parents of obese children misclassifying their weight. The child’s BMI was the only significant predictor of incorrect assessment. Polish parents cannot properly assess their children’s BMI, especially when their child is overweight or obese. In children, weight and height measurements should be taken regularly, rather than allowing weight category to be dependent upon parental weight assessments.
Grateloupia oligoclora (Halymeniaceae, Rhodophyta): a new species from China based on morphological observation, life history and rbcL gene sequence analysis

ABSTRACT A new species of Grateloupia from Wenzhou Nanji Island in Zhejiang province, China, was illustrated based on morphological observation, early development, life history and rbcL gene sequence analysis, and named Grateloupia oligoclora H.W. Wang & Y.Bian sp. nov. The morphological features of this new species can be summarized as upright thalli, solitary or cespitose, dark red in colour, cartilaginous and mucilaginous in texture. The margins of the thalli were smooth, without lateral branches, proliferations, or branched, dichotomously branched or with 3–5 irregular rod-shaped branches. The thalli were consisted of cortex cells (6–9 cell layers) and medulla. The cystocarps were spherical and appeared to be speckled from the surface of the thalli. The carpogonial branch ampullae and auxiliary cell branch were typical Grateloupia-type. During the cruciate dividing of tetrasporangia, some dyads showed asynchronous phenomenon. Type of spore development and life history were typical mediate discal type and isomorphic alternation of generations. Phylogenetic analysis based on rbcL sequence indicated that the new taxon formed an independent clade from other Grateloupia species, and this clade was sister to G. subpectinata Holmes with high interspecific divergence 12 bp (1%), supporting its specific status. Accordingly, G. oligoclora H.W. Wang & Y.Bian sp. nov is proposed as a new species of Grateloupia. This study provides new resource and species diversity of marine Rhodophyta in China.
Position Control of a Flexible Arm Using a Dither Signal.

In this paper, we present the feedback control of a one-link flexible arm having reduction gear friction. Tip position control was very difficult in the case of large friction treated as an equivalent viscous friction. Experiments showed that tip position. feedback control was possible by using the dither signal. We investigated the influence of the dither amplitude on linearizing the nonlinear friction and the response of feedback control. The acceleration signal from the accelometer at the arm tip, like the signal from the strain gauge at the arm root, could use feedback control for the fundamental vibration mode.
Adjustment to higher education among students with mental health disorders

ABSTRACT The current study examined the adjustment to higher education among students with mental health disorders, focusing on adjustment to post-secondary education, emotional and metacognitive variables. The participants were 123 students who had already completed at least one year at an institution of higher education: 63 students who self-identified themselves with mental health disorders and 60 students who did not identify with any mental health disorders or disability. Students with mental health disorders reported on lower levels of adjustment (social, emotional, institutional, and academic) to post-secondary education than students with no mental health disorders. In addition, students with mental health disorders reported lower satisfaction with life, academic self-efficacy, and higher levels of test anxiety than students without mental health disorders. Furthermore, significant between-group differences were found in three meta-cognition subscales. Lastly, satisfaction with life, test anxiety, academic self-efficacy, and disability status and five metacognition subscales predicted 75% of the variability in adjustment to higher education in the entire sample. These findings suggest that following their first year in higher education, students with mental health disorders continue to experience difficulties in social, emotional, institutional, and academic adjustment. Implications of the results are discussed.