Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Atmospheric-pressure atomic layer deposition: recent applications and new emerging applications in high-porosity/3D materials

Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is a widely recognized technique for depositing ultrathin conformal films with excellent thickness control at Ångström or (sub)monolayer level. Atmospheric-pressure ALD is an upcoming ALD process with a potentially lower ownership cost of the reactor. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the recent applications and development of ALD approaches emphasizing those based on operation at atmospheric pressure. Each application determines its own specific reactor design. Spatial ALD (s-ALD) has been recently introduced for the commercial production of large-area 2D displays, the surface passivation and encapsulation of solar cells and organic light-emitting diode (OLED) displays. Atmospheric temporal ALD (t-ALD) has opened up new emerging applications such as high-porosity particle coatings, functionalization of capillary columns for gas chromatography, and membrane modification in water treatment and gas purification. The challenges and opportunities for highly conformal coating on porous substrates by atmospheric ALD have been identified. We discuss in particular the pros and cons of both s-ALD and t-ALD in combination with their reactor designs in relation to the coating of 3D and high-porosity materials.
Application of Gravity Current Model to Analysis of Squall-Line Gust Front

Abstract An analysis of a severe gust front is made to examine its three-dimensional structure. The data used are from the storm measurement network operated by the National Severe Storms Laboratory (NSSL). The important structural features shown in the analysis include: i) intense wind and thermal gradients at the leading edge of the air mass; ii) retardation of the cold-air front near the ground; and iii) vertical protrusion of the cold air to 1700 m at the front of the cold air mass, forming a bulge called a head. Upstream of the head, the depth of the cold air was almost constant at 3350 m; iv) a well defined circulation cell with a horizontal axis was found within the head; this wind field was associated with a core of maximum horizontal wind speed of 34 m sec−1 only 175 m above the ground, upward motion of 5–10 m sec−1 within the frontal zone, and weaker downward motion on the rear side of the head. In these structural characteristics, as well as in some substructural properties, this gust frontal a.
Time Development of Small Disturbances to Plane Couette Flow

Abstract The question of linear sheared-disturbance evolution in constant-shear parallel flow is here reexamined with regard to the temporary-amplification phenomenon noted first by Orr in 1907. The results apply directly to Rossby waves on a beta-plane, and are also relevant to the Eady model of baroclinic instability. It is shown that an isotropic initial distribution of standing waves maintains a constant energy level throughout the shearing process, the amplification of some waves being precisely balanced by the decay of the others. An expression is obtained for the energy of a distribution of disturbances whose wavevectors lie within a given angular wedge and an upper bound derived. It is concluded that the case for ubiquitous amplification made in recent studies may have been somewhat overstated: while carefully-chosen individual Fourier components can amplify considerably before they decay. a general distribution will tend to exhibit little or no amplification.
Exploring the working conditions and performance of healthcare providers: The emerging market study

The study examines the extent to which working conditions affect the performance of healthcare providers. The design was exploratory, using both quantitative and qualitative data. Data were obtained from 490 medical personnel at the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital (UCTH). The research used a multi-stage sampling technique. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics such as percentages and frequency tables, while the chi-square test was used to test the significance of the relationship between the two hypotheses stated. The findings of the study reveal that male respondents are less likely to perceive non-payment of hazard allowances as affecting their performance than female respondents. The study also reveals that younger healthcare providers perceive the work environment as affecting their performance more than their older colleagues (Aduo-Adjei et al., 2016). As a result, the study recommends specific interventions to address the unique working conditions and challenges that various groups of medical personnel face. This will ensure that each category of medical personnel is given favourable conditions to improve their performance, which, in the long run, will ensure effective healthcare delivery.
Social Media Influencers’ Role in Shaping Political Opinions and Actions of Young Audiences

Social media influencers have become an indispensable part of social media, informing audiences, especially young ones, about various topics, such as beauty, lifestyle, or food. Recently more political influencers have emerged, and regular influencers have increasingly taken positions on political and societally relevant topics, including climate justice and gender equality. Yet, empirical evidence on how both types of influencers are perceived by their audiences and how they might impact young audiences regarding political action is scarce. Hence, the present study set out to investigate adolescents’ and young adults’ use and perception of social media influencers in the context of political information dissemination, opinion formation, and mobilization. With the help of qualitative interviews of young people in Germany (16–22 years), we show that while the mainstream media seems to still be the primary source of political information, influencers focused on politics are increasingly used to make sense of this information. The presumed impact ranges from amplifying the effects of existing opinions to opinion formation and changes in voting intentions based on the assessment provided by the influencer. Regular influencers who talk about political topics occasionally are not perceived as reliable sources of political information.
Polyvinylpyrrolidone—Alginate—Carbonate Hydroxyapatite Porous Composites for Dental Applications

An alternative approach for the currently used replacement therapy in dentistry is to apply materials that restore tooth tissue. Among them, composites, based on biopolymers with calcium phosphates, and cells can be applied. In the present work, a composite based on polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and alginate (Alg) with carbonate hydroxyapatite (CHA) was prepared and characterized. The composite was investigated by X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and scanning electron microscopy methods, and the microstructure, porosity, and swelling properties of the material were described. In vitro studies included the MTT test using mouse fibroblasts, and adhesion and survivability tests with human dental pulp stem cells (DPSC). The mineral component of the composite corresponded to CHA with an admixture of amorphous calcium phosphate. The presence of a bond between the polymer matrix and CHA particles was shown by EPR. The structure of the material was represented by micro- (30–190 μm) and nano-pores (average 8.71 ± 4.15 nm). The swelling measurements attested that CHA addition increased the polymer matrix hydrophilicity by 200%. In vitro studies demonstrated the biocompatibility of PVP-Alg-CHA (95 ± 5% cell viability), and DPSC located inside the pores. It was concluded that the PVP-Alg-CHA porous composite is promising for dentistry applications.
Density-Based Diffusion for Soft Clustering

In this paper we advocate the use of diffusion processes guided by density to perform soft clustering tasks. Our approach interpolates between classical mode seeking and spectral clustering, being parametrized by a temperature parameter β > 0 controlling the amount of random motion added to the gradient ascent. In practice we simulate the diffusion process in the continuous domain by random walks in neighborhood graphs built on the input data. We prove the convergence of this scheme under mild sampling conditions, and we derive guarantees for the clustering obtained in terms of the cluster membership distributions. Our theoretical results are cooroborated by preliminary experiments on man-ufactured data and on real data.
Characteristics of integrated mangrove-shrimp farming systems in Ben Tre Province, Vietnam: preliminary findings for organic shrimp production certification

the average mangrove forest and shrimp pond ratio was 56.90:42.70 (%). Two technical issues were highlighted: (i) the use of rotenone, known as a toxin to kill undesirable fish before stocking shrimp, and (ii) annual shrimp pond regeneration causing increased pollution. The data showed that higher concentrations of TSS and P-PO 43-were detected in surrounding rivers, while surface water in either IMSF ponds or adjacent rivers slightly surpassed the permissible levels of total Fe concentration. All parameters—including heavy metals; toxic and persistent parameters; oil and grease and coliforms analysed in surface water, and sediment samples—were lower than the detection and permissible levels. The results provided evidence that the IMSF’s practices and environmental characteristics were suitable for recommending the Naturland Standards. Recommendations and technical interventions for farmers are necessary to help reduce Fe levels and the safe use of rotenone in IMSF systems. An environmental quality monitoring programme at the target area should be applied when launching organic shrimp production.
Genetic Variability in the E6/E7 Region of Human Papillomavirus 16 in Women from Ecuador

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection is associated with intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer (CC). Ecuador has a high prevalence of cervical cancer, with more than 1600 new cases diagnosed annually. This study aimed to analyze oncogenes E6 and E7 of HPV16 in samples collected from women with cancerous and precancerous cervical lesions from the Ecuadorian coast. Twenty-nine women, including six with ASCUS, three with LSIL, thirteen with HSIL, and seven with Cacu, were analyzed. The most common SNPs were E6 350G or L83V (82.6%) and E6 145T/286A/289G/335T/350G or Q14H/F78Y/L83V (17.4%). Both variants are reported to be associated with an increased risk of cervical cancer in worldwide studies. In contrast, all E7 genes have conserved amino-acid positions. Phylogenetic trees showed the circulation of the D (26.1%) and A (73.9) lineages. The frequency of D was higher than that reported in other comparable studies in Ecuador and Latin America, and may be related to the ethnic composition of the studied populations. This study contributes to the characterization of the potential risk factors for cervical carcinogenesis associated with Ecuadorian women infected with HPV16.
GPS Dropwindsonde Wind Profiles in Hurricanes and Their Operational Implications

Abstract The recent development of the global positioning system (GPS) dropwindsonde has allowed the wind and thermodynamic structure of the hurricane eyewall to be documented with unprecedented accuracy and resolution. In an attempt to assist operational hurricane forecasters in their duties, dropwindsonde data have been used in this study to document, for the first time, the mean vertical profile of wind speed in the hurricane inner core from the surface to the 700-hPa level, the level typically flown by reconnaissance aircraft. The dropwindsonde-derived mean eyewall wind profile is characterized by a broad maximum centered 500 m above the surface. In the frictional boundary layer below this broad maximum, the wind decreases nearly linearly with the logarithm of the altitude. Above the maximum, the winds decrease because of the hurricane's warm core. These two effects combine to give a surface wind that is, on average, about 90% of the 700-hPa value. The dropwindsonde observations largely confirm recent.
An Optics -Based Tip -Path -Plane Tracking System for Rotorcraft Applications

An optics-based tip-path-plane tracking system capable of monitoring the threedimensional orientation of the tip-path-plane relative to the fuselage has been developed and demonstrated on a Bell 206B and MD 500E helicopter. This system, which includes reflective tip targets that are illuminated by lasers mounted on the fuselage of the aircraft, features four high resolution cameras and an image processing algorithm that features a differencing scheme to isolate tip targets from the background every rotor revolution.
Quantifying Associations Between Child Health and Neighborhood Social Vulnerability: Does the Choice of Index Matter?

Importance: Policymakers have increasingly utilized place-based social disadvantage indices to quantify the impacts of place on health and inform equitable resource allocation. Indices vary in design, content, and purpose but are often used interchangeably, potentially resulting in differential assignments of relative disadvantage depending on index choice. Objective: To compare associations between three commonly used disadvantage indices (Social Vulnerability Index (SVI), Area Deprivation Index (ADI), and Child Opportunity Index (COI)) and two epidemiologically distinct child health outcomes: infant well-child check (WCC) attendance and adolescent obesity. Design: Cross-sectional analysis of Duke University Health System electronic health record (EHR) data from January 2014 to December 2019. Participants: Children [≤]18 years of age with outpatient encounters between January 2014 and December 2019, and who were Durham County residents were eligible. WCC attendance was assessed for infants ages 0-15 months; obesity was assessed for children ages 11-17 years. Exposures: 2014 Social Vulnerability Index (SVI), 2015 Area Deprivation Index (ADI), and 2015 Child Opportunity Index (COI) 2.0. Main Outcomes: 1) Infant WCC attendance: attending less than the minimum recommended six WCCs in the first 15 months of life, and 2) Adolescent obesity: BMI [≥] the 95th percentile at both the most recent encounter and an encounter within the prior 9-36 months. Results: Of 10175 patients in the WCC cohort, 20% (n = 2073) had less than six WCCs. Of 14961 patients in the obesity cohort, 20% (n = 2933) had obesity. All three indices were associated with both WCCs (OR for SVI 1.10, 95% CI 1.08-1.12; OR for ADI 1.10, 95% CI 1.08-1.12; OR for COI 1.12, 95% CI 1.10-1.14) and obesity (OR for SVI 1.05, 95% CI 1.04-1.08; OR for ADI 1.08, 95% CI 1.06-1.10; OR for COI 1.07, 95% CI 1.05-1.08). Conclusions and relevance: Higher social disadvantage as defined by all three indices was similarly associated with both adolescent obesity and decreased infant WCC attendance. While the COI incorporates a broader set of child-specific variables, the SVI and ADI may often be just as suitable for pediatric research. Users should consider population and outcome characteristics when selecting an index.
A fast and low power consumption crystal oscillator driving circuit design.

Aiming at the disadvantage of high-power consumption and a long start-up time of the traditional Pearce driver circuit, a 32.768KHz crystal driver circuit is designed, which can effectively reduce power consumption and ensure a fast start. The simulation results show that, under the voltage of 1.1 V, the circuit vibration time is 0.5 ms, the output amplitude is about 250 mV, the static current is 48.6 nA, and the power consumption is 53.5nW. This drive circuit has the characteristics of a fast start, stable output, and low power consumption. It can be used as a clock input module in a digital-analog hybrid circuit.
Multi-view foreground segmentation via fourth order tensor learning

In this paper, we present a novel fuse-before-detect algorithm for multi-view foreground segmentation via fourth order tensor learning. By using several camera views, most of the existing algorithms first detect the various object features for each view and then fuse the data together for foreground segmentation or tracking. However, this kind of single view foreground segmentation algorithm always suffers from various environmental problems, such as reflection and shadow induced by shiny objects, especially floor and wall. These segmentation errors reduce the accuracy of the multi-view tracking algorithms. In the proposed algorithm, we first fuse multi-view camera data to a fourth-order tensor through multiple parallelized planes projections. An incremental fourth-order tensor learning algorithm is then employed to perform foreground segmentation in the fused tensor data. By collecting all the information from different views, this approach could restrain the specific environmental effects in each view and give better segmentation results. Experimental results are reported to show the performance of the proposed method is better than the state-of-the-art methods in challenged environments.
A Single-Ended 9T SRAM Cell With Improved Noise Margin for Low-Power Applications Used in LEDoS

As a silicon-based microdisplay for Augment reality (AR), the high power dissipation of digital CMOS driver is a significant barrier to approaching the higher performance of microdisplay. In this paper, a new low-power SRAM cell with a single bitline is proposed to reduce the power dissipation of digital CMOS drivers. Compared with conventional differential 6T SRAM cell, the proposed 9T uses the single-ended read/write and read/write separation technology by reducing bitline and adding word lines, and write/read static noise margin (WSNM/RSNM) has been improved while the power dissipation is reduced effectively by stacking effect. When VDD is 0.8 V, the proposed cell achieves 1.4× and 2.2× improvement in WSNM and RSNM compared to D6T. Besides, the proposed cell consumes 1.4× less power during hold mode compared to D6T at VDD=0.8 V.
Non-Invasive Imaging Modalities in Coronary Artery Disease: A meta analysis comparing CCTA and Standard of Care (SOC)

Introduction:- Coronary Artery Disease has become a global pandemic and a major cause of death especially among Older population. The risk factor calculation or the degree of Coronary artery damage is usually an invasive procedure. A paradigm change has occurred in the last ten years regarding the assessment of coronary artery disease (CAD) utilising coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA). Aims and Objectives:- To Comapre CCTA with Standard Care to calculate the need of revascularization, invasive coronary angiography as well as to compare both for MI and All cause mortality Results:- CCTA was found to be associated with a significant increase in revascularizations (RR =1.401, 95% CI =1.315-1.492, p<0.001) as well as invasive coronary angiography procedures (RR =1.304, 95% CI =1.208-1.409, p<0.001). However, it was associated with decreased incidences of MI (RR =0.752, 95% CI =0.578-1.409, p<0.033). There was no significant association with all-cause mortality. Conclusion:- CCTA is significantly correlated with a reduction in MI episodes and an increase in revascularizations and ICA procedures. However, it was found that it had no effect on all-cause mortality. On the contrary, standard care approaches were associated with greater rates of MI but lesser referrals for invasive coronary angiography and revascularization. Key Words:- CCTA, SOC, Coronary Artery Disease, All Cause Mortaity,
Characterization of a Diverse Collection of Salmonella Phages Isolated from Tennessee Wastewater

Background: Salmonella enterica is one of the most prevalent bacterial foodborne pathogens. Salmonella phages are currently used in biocontrol applications and have potential for use as therapeutics. Materials and Methods: Phages were enriched and purified from a diversity of Salmonella host isolates. Morphology was determined with transmission electron microscopy, host ranges were characterized using an efficiency of plaquing assay, and comparative genomic analysis was performed to determine taxonomy. Results: Ten phages were isolated and characterized. Phages showed activity against 23 out of the 24 Salmonella serovars evaluated. Two phages also showed activity against Escherichia coli strain B. Phages belonged to five different genera (Ithacavirus, Gelderlandvirus, Kuttervirus, Tlsvirus, and Epseptimavirus), two established species, and eight novel species. Conclusions: The phages described here further demonstrate the diversity of S. enterica phages present in wastewater effluent. This work contributes a collection of characterized phages from eastern Tennessee that may be of use in future phage-based applications targeting S. enterica.
Playing in the clinical decision support sandbox: tools and training for all

Abstract Objectives Introduce the CDS-Sandbox, a cloud-based virtual machine created to facilitate Clinical Decision Support (CDS) developers and implementers in the use of FHIR- and CQL-based open-source tools and technologies for building and testing CDS artifacts. Materials and Methods The CDS-Sandbox includes components that enable workflows for authoring and testing CDS artifacts. Two workshops at the 2020 and 2021 AMIA Annual Symposia were conducted to demonstrate the use of the open-source CDS tools. Results The CDS-Sandbox successfully integrated the use of open-source CDS tools. Both workshops were well attended. Participants demonstrated use and understanding of the workshop materials and provided positive feedback after the workshops. Discussion The CDS-Sandbox and publicly available tutorial materials facilitated an understanding of the leading-edge open-source CDS infrastructure components. Conclusion The CDS-Sandbox supports integrated use of the key CDS open-source tools that may be used to introduce CDS concepts and practice to the clinical informatics community.
A molecular optomechanics approach reveals functional relevance of force transduction across talin and desmoplakin

Many mechanobiological processes that govern development and tissue homeostasis are regulated on the level of individual molecular linkages, and a number of proteins experiencing piconewton-scale forces in cells have been identified. However, under which conditions these force-bearing linkages become critical for a given mechanobiological process is often still unclear. Here, we established an approach to revealing the mechanical function of intracellular molecules using molecular optomechanics. When applied to the integrin activator talin, the technique provides direct evidence that its role as a mechanical linker is indispensable for the maintenance of cell-matrix adhesions and overall cell integrity. Applying the technique to desmoplakin shows that mechanical engagement of desmosomes to intermediate filaments is expendable under homeostatic conditions yet strictly required for preserving cell-cell adhesion under stress. These results reveal a central role of talin and desmoplakin as mechanical linkers in cell adhesion structures and demonstrate that molecular optomechanics is a powerful tool to investigate the molecular details of mechanobiological processes.