Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multiple trauma severity associated with levels of plasma thrombomodulin, activated protein C, and D-dimer

Objective: To study the changes in levels of plasma thrombomodulin (TM), activated protein C (APC), and D-dimer (D-D) in patients with severe multiple trauma. We investigate their clinical correlations with severe multiple trauma and evaluate their clinical significance in the occurrence and development of disease. Methods: A total of 50 patients with severe multiple trauma treated in our hospital from March 2017 to August 2017 were selected and divided into the mild trauma group (n=18) and severe trauma group (n=32) based on the injury severity score (ISS). The severe trauma group was further divided into disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) group (n=10) and non-DIC group (n=22) according to whether there was DIC. The levels of plasma TM, APC, and D-D were dynamically monitored at admission 3 d, and 7 d after trauma. Results: The increase in the levels of plasma APC, D-D, and TM were in direct proportion to the severity of trauma. At admission and at 3 and 7 d after trauma, levels of these indexes were significantly higher in the severe trauma group than those in the mild trauma group. Moreover, the concentration of those three factors was significantly higher in the DIC group than that in the non-DIC group (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively). As revealed in Pearson correlation analysis, plasma TM and APC had positive correlations with D-D in patients with severe multiple trauma (r=0.6513 and 0.5328, P<0.01). Conclusion: The increasing degree of the levels of peripheral plasma APC, D-D, and TM in patients with severe multiple trauma are correlated with the severity of trauma. APC, D-D, and TM are important indexes to evaluate the inflammatory process and severity of severe multiple trauma. These findings may provide a new approach for predicting DIC after trauma and treating patients with severe multiple trauma.
The Dual Task Paradigm: Cognitive Load Effects on Hazard Fixations

1 ABSTRACT Recognizing hazards on and off the road when driving is an essential part of being a safe driver. But when an individual is bearing a heavy cognitive load how does this perception of hazards change? Most commonly drivers are distracted by their passengers whilst in conversations [4]. Current research and study focuses on loading the participants’ cognitive load to truly test the dual-task paradigm. In short the dual-task paradigm is a procedure in which a participant is assigned a primary task in parallel with secondary tasks [6]. In this experiment the primary task is identifying these hazards on the road while solving a series of rapid fire math problems. There becomes a ‘bottleneck’ between balancing primary and secondary tasks which can cause adverse effects such as delayed response time. In this study you will find this tradeoff present in the results in how participants fixate longer or shorter on hazard when dealing with dual-tasks.
Title: Skills, Degrees, and Labor Market Inequality

Over the past four decades, income inequality grew significantly between workers with bachelor’s degrees and those with high school diplomas (often called “unskilled”). Rather than being unskilled, we argue that these workers are STARs because they are skilled through alternative routes—namely their work experience. Using the skill requirements of a worker’s current job as a proxy of their skill, we find that though both groups of workers make transitions to occupations requiring similar skills to their previous occupations, workers with bachelor’s degrees have dramatically better access to higher wage occupations where the skill requirements exceed the workers’ observed skill. This measured opportunity gap offers a fresh explanation of income inequality by degree status and reestablishes the important role of on-the-job-training in human capital formation. Acknowledgements: Our work is supported by a grant from the WorkRise Network. We are grateful for helpful feedback on this paper from Katherine Abraham, Hunt Allcott, Desmond Ang, Susan Athey, David Autor, Byron Auguste, Isaiah Baldiserra, Chandra Childers, David Deming, Mischa Fisher, Martin Fleming, Erica L. Groshen, Nathan Hendren, Nancy Hill, Andrea Jones-Rooy, Thomas Kane, Lawrence Katz, Nonie Leseaux, Shelly Lundberg, Pamela Clouser McCann, Randy Schutt, Lisa Krystyna Simon, Betsey Stevenson, Michael Strain, Keith Wardrip, Tout Wang, Cathy Weinberger, Martin West, Michael Whitzer, seminar participants at UCSB, members of the BELab at Harvard University, and members of the Quinn Research Group at the University of Michigan. This paper's content, and any errors, are solely the responsibility of the authors. Note: In text citations appear as italicized numbers in parentheses, e.g., (1-3) corresponds to the first three references. Supplementary material is index by the letter S e.g., (S1).
Analysis of Outpatient Visit Pattern and Outpatient Waiting Time Prediction for Selected Government Health Clinic in the State of Selangor

Public clinics are the preferred choice for health treatment worldwide. This preference results in many outpatients seeking remedies at public clinics and is the leading factor in patients' long waiting time. The definition for waiting time is when a patient has to remain at the clinic for treatment. The waiting time starts with the registration process until consultation with the physician. Lengthy waiting time is the leading cause of patient dissatisfaction. The discontent is especially so when there is no convenient waiting facility. The objective of this study is to analyze outpatient visits patterns to public outpatient clinics. The recognized patterns will form the basis to recommend which public outpatient clinics are the best to visit at a specific time to minimize waiting time. The waiting time is also predicted based on the arrival time. Fifteen public outpatient clinics in Selangor that use an electronic medical record system provided this study's data. The data analysis shows a correlation between patient waiting time, day, the month of visit, patient age, and consultation time. Past research shows that classification of machine learning methods can predict the waiting time. This study has demonstrated that Linear Discriminant Analysis creates the best classification model for Puchong and Batu 9 Cheras datasets. Support Vector Machine (SVM) is the best classifier for the Anika dataset.
Performance of WDM Transmission using EDFA over maximum distance of transmission

Main objectives of this paper is to obtain the maximum distance of transmission with satisfactory level of quality of signal. In the present work, 16 channels with channel spacing of 200 GHz are modulated by optical LiNbO 3 phase modulator with non return to zero format and transmitted over 1050 km. 15 spans of combination of SSM and DCF fiber are taken and each span consists of 60 km of SSM and 10 km of DCF.The gain saturable EDFA is used as pre-amplifier to amplify the signal. The quality factor and output power of different channels are measured after 70 km, 350 km and 1050 km.
Charge-collection characteristics of GaAs MESFETs fabricated with a low-temperature grown GaAs buffer layer: computer simulation

Two-dimensional device simulations of GaAs MESFETs fabricated with a low-temperature grown GaAs (LT GaAs) buffer layer reveal a sensitive dependence of the charge-collection characteristics on various structural and operational parameters. Simulations performed for above-band-gap pulsed laser excitation indicate that, even when the bulk of the charge is deposited above the LT region, the improved SEU and charge-collection performance of LT GaAs devices largely is a consequence of the reduced efficiency of the carrier-induced charge-enhancement (gain) mechanisms.
Difference in overweight/obesity rates between Chinese and Japanese teenagers

Objective: This study aimed to examine the association between being overweight/obese and lifestyle habits in Chinese and Japanese teenagers. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between April and June 2014 among teenagers in Japan (Kyushu Fukuoka, Osaka, Wakayama, and Saitama) and China (Shanghai, Fujian Province, Sichuan Province, and Shanxi Province). Four hundred teenagers in each age group (16 to 18 years old) were selected based on random multistage cluster sampling. Physical measurements and questionnaire surveys were performed. Results: The prevalence of being overweight/obese was 15.5%/6.0% in Chinese teenagers and 9.3%/4.8% in Japanese teenagers. Multivariate analyses showed that Chinese overweight/obese teenagers were more likely to go to school by other means than walking (such as bus, car), have long hours watching TV/ using the computer (>3 h/day), do not have days doing sports every week, skip breakfast, and take snacks (≥3 days/week) than normal-weight participants. In Japanese teenagers, the findings were almost the same as that in Chinese teenagers; except we did not find an association between being overweight/obese and spending long hours of watching TV/using the computer (>3 h/day) Japanese teenagers. Conclusions: Both Chinese and Japanese teenagers’ overweight/obesity status was generally associated with a sedentary lifestyle, and the present results suggest that we should consider programs that promote an active and healthy lifestyle to prevent teenagers from being overweight/obese in all countries.
Determinants of Dividend Payout Policy of Commercial Banks: Evidence from Selected Commercial Banks in Ethiopia

The study is about investigation of determinants of dividend payout ratio of commercial banks in Ethiopia over the period 2010-2018. Nine years Panel data was obtained from audited financial statements of 8 selected commercial banks in Ethiopia. The study used six independent variables such as financial leverage, profitability, age of firm, corporate tax rate, operating cash and extent of shares distributed and one dependent variable which is dividend payout ratio. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used in order to interpret the findings of the study. Random effect regression was used to investigate the impact of determinant factors on the dividend payout policy of commercial banks in Ethiopia. Correlation was also conduct to understand the relationship between dependent and independent variables. The correlation analysis shows that, Return on Equity (ROE), Corporate Tax Rate (CTR), and Number of Shares Distributed (NSD) have Negative relationships with Dividend Payout Ratio (DPO). While the remaining independent variables; Debt Ratio (DR), Age of Firm and Cash to Total Assets Ratio (CTA) have positive relationships with Dividend Payout Ratio (DPO). The key finding of this study shows that, financial leverage is significant variable at 1%, while corporate tax rate, cash balance and extent of shares distributed are significant variables at 10% significant level in determining dividend payout ratio of commercial banks in Ethiopia. on the other hand, profitability and age of firm are not statistically significant variables in determining dividend payout ratio in commercial banks of Ethiopia.
Internet of Things on 5G Communication Technologies: A Survey

— The Internet of Things (IoT) is a talented technique that is apt to reform and attach the worldwide by means of various elegant devices in the course of faultless connectivity. The present requirement for Machine Type Communications has the consequence in a diversity of communication techniques with varied service requirements to attain the recent IoT revelation. New current mobile standards such as Long Term Evolution has initiated for phone devices except that are not fine matching set for reduced power as well as small data rate equipments like the IoT devices. To tackle the problem, there is a variety of talented IoT standards. In 5G wireless network, predominantly intends to meet the restriction of earlier mobile standards in addition to be a possible key enabler for further IoT. In the proposed article, the Internet of Things application requisites together with the related communication techniques are analyzed. In addition, the 3GPP mobile based (LWPA) Low Power Wide Area clarifies to sustain as well as facilitate the innovative service condition for huge to significant IoT cases were argued. This article proposed a complete assessment associated to rising and facilitating techniques with major interest on 5G networks which has envisioned in carrying the increase for facilitating the IoT.
Review and assessment of mechanic village potentials for small scale used engine oil recycling business

Mechanic village should be adapted in developing countries rather than the city-wide auto mechanic workshop practice. This is suggested because developing countries are yet to enforce environmentally friendly automobile workshops and mechanic practice. If all automobile repair works in different cities are confined to mechanic villages, collection, preservation, recycling and reuse of spent oil will become effective. The goal is to stop the habit of disposing spent automobile oil on the ground, which results in excessive trace metal pollution of topsoil and insecurity of food products in the affected areas. Beside environmental quality, business and employment opportunities will improve. Small-scale refining or reprocessing of used oil in mechanic villages is lucrative and recycling plants are affordable and available. Cost benefit analysis indicate strong environmental benefits and annual turnover in excess of $2,234,375.00. Key words : Changed oil, reprocessing, re-refining, cost benefit analysis, auto repair, Nigeria.
Méthode de prédiction de la compatibilitéélectromagnétique des systèmes en boîtier

Afin de realiser des circuits electroniques plus denses et plus performants, les industriels cherchent a integrer dans un meme boitier plusieurs circuits. Neanmoins, la cohabitation entre un circuit bruyant et un circuit sensible du point de vue CEM pourrait reveler des incompatibilites dont il faut se premunir. Ce memoire decrit des methodologies de prediction de l impact d un couplage electromagnetique entre deux circuits proches, dans le cadre d un rapprochement entre un microcontroleur dedie a des applications automobiles et un composant puissance. Le premier chapitre est dedie a l etude de l origine et a la modelisation des emissions parasites et de la susceptibilite des circuits integres, et a la prise en compte de ces deux problemes dans le cas d un rapprochement entre plusieurs circuits. Ensuite, le deuxieme chapitre est consacre a la modelisation des emissions rayonnees des circuits en champ proche produites tandis que le troisieme s interesse a la prediction de la susceptibilite des circuits soumis a des agressions rayonnees localisees. Enfin, dans le dernier chapitre, deux methodologies de prediction des risques de defaillances produites par le couplage entre deux circuits proches sont proposees a partir des modeles d emission et de susceptibilite des composants, permettant de tester l effet du placement et des conditions de fonctionnement sur la compatibilite electromagnetique. - In order to achieve more powerful and denser electronic devices, the actual trend in microelectronic industry consists in integrating several circuits inside the same package. However it could involve electromagnetic incompatibility between the different circuits. This report describes some predictive methodologies dedicated to the impact of electromagnetic coupling between two nearby circuits, e.g. in the case of a module composed of a microcontroller and a power device. The first chapter is dedicated to the origin and the modelling of integrated circuit parasitic emission and susceptibility, and EMC problems related to system on package. Then the second chapter deals with integrated circuit near field radiated emission modelling, and the third chapter is dedicated to the susceptibility modelling of components disturbed by localized radiated aggression. Finally two methodologies aiming at predicting failure risks for two nearby components are proposed. They are based on the use of integrated circuit emission and susceptibility electrical models and allow testing the effect of placement and operating conditions on the electromagnetic compatibility
Anatomical Variation of the Buccal Nerve in the Retromolar Area: Incidence in Harvesting Ramus Bone Graft

The Retromolar Foramen (RMF) and the Retromolar Canal (RMC) have generally been studied or reviewed in the dental literature. However, these anatomical variations draw special attention in the recent years in oral surgery and clinical dental practice. The RMF is an inconstant foramen situated in the retromolar fossa, and it is often linked to the RMC. It presents morphologic and morphometrical variability. The introduction of advanced dental surgical procedures in this area, such as bone graft techniques, in which a surgeon often chooses the mandibular ramus as the donor site, has increased the probability of damaging the buccal nerve and other complications such as sensory deficits. To date, despite an exhaustive review of the literature, few links have been established between RMC or RMF and Buccal Nerve (BN) and bone harvesting techniques in this area. The purpose is to present a clinical case that shows a retromolar foramen contains a nervous branch originating from the buccal nerve instead of the infra-alveolar nerve and its surgical incidence in oral surgery.
Data-adaptive efficient estimation strategies for biomarker studies embedded in randomized trials

Biomarker Studies Embedded in Randomized Trials Wei Zhang, Zhiwei Zhang2,∗, James F. Troendle, and Aiyi Liu Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA Office of Biostatistics Research, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA ∗zhiwei.zhang@nih.gov
Vibration Damping of Cargo like Pendulum inside Vehicle Hull

A model is proposed to study the dynamic response of cargo like pendulum vibration under three dimension vehicle hull motions. A nonlinear two degree-of-freedom model of the cargo inside vehicle hull is developed and analyzed. Equations of pendulum motion are obtained by first order Lagrange equations using Lagrange multiplier for constrained system with one constraint equation. One or two independent bumpers of the securing cargo are considered in the model. In model of two bumpers between them is right angle. Bumpers forces are represented by a special stiffness and damping as a function of the displacement and motion velocity. Investigation was made for three kinds of pendulum motion: transient motion from free initial conditions without hull vibrations; stationary motion exciting from constrained string or hull bumpers vibrations; jointly transient and exciting motion. The investigation was made for one, two and tree component harmonica motion of hull. Additional investigation of motion with random excitation was observed. From mathematical modeling the optimization of geometric parameters like length of string and gap between bumpers and pendulum was made. It is found out that processes of transient motion are very short when gap is "negative". In additional is found out that by special harmonica frequency start vibro shock motion with large amplitude. Recommendation of investigation may be used for cargo fasten inside trailer, ship or airplane.
The effects of β2-MG, RBP, and CRP on the diagnosis and prediction of the treatment outcomes of diabetic microangiopathy

Objective: This study aims to investigate the diagnostic performance of serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP), urinary retinol-binding protein (RBP), and β2 microglobulin (β2-MG) for diabetic microangiopathy. Methods: A total of 146 patients with diabetes admitted to our hospital from February 2016 to February 2019 were selected as subjects. Among them, 76 patients with microvascular disease were included in the study group, and the other 70 patients without microvascular disease were enrolled in the control group. 5 mL of venous blood was collected before and after treatment, which was placed at room temperature for 30 min and centrifuged (4000 rpm/min) for 10 min to obtain upper serum. The serum β2-MG and RBP levels were measured using chemiluminescence and immunoturbidimetry, respectively, and the CRP levels were measured using a fully automated specialty protein analyzer. The clinical efficacy of the treatment was recorded. The diagnostic value of the combined RBP, β2-MG, and CRP for diabetic microangiopathy was analyzed using an ROC curve. The predictive value of combined RBP, β2-MG, and CRP for therapeutic outcomes was also analyzed using an ROC curve. The risk factors associated with diabetic microangiopathy were analyzed as well. Results: The serum levels of RBP, β2-MG, and CRP in the study group were significantly higher than they were in the control group (P<0.05), but after treatment, there were no significant differences in the serum levels of RBP, β2-MG, and CRP in both groups (P>0.05), and the RBP level was still higher than it was in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the serum levels of RBP, β2-MG, and CRP decreased in both groups compared with the levels before treatment (P<0.05). According to an ROC curve analysis, the diagnostic sensitivity for diabetic microangiopathy was 86.00%, and the specificity was 94.00% (P<0.001). The effective sensitivity for diabetic microangiopathy patients was 80.00%, and the specificity was 90.00% (P<0.001). A logistic regression analysis showed that RBP, β2-MG, and CRP are independent protective factors for diabetic microangiopathy (OR>1, P<0.05). Conclusion: The serum levels of β2-MG, RBP, and CRP in patients with diabetic microangiopathy are higher than they are in healthy populations. The combined measurement of β2-MG, RBP, and CRP has a good efficacy in the diagnosis and prediction of the treatment outcomes of diabetic microangiopathy.
MODEL FOR INTRUSION DETECTION SYSTEM

Advancement in wireless communications lead more and more mobile wireless networks e.g., mobile networks [mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs)], wireless sensor networks, etc. Some of the challenges in MANET include: Dynamic network topology, Speed, Bandwidth, computation capability, Scalability, Quality of service, Secure and Reliable routing. One of the most important challenges in mobile wireless networks is the Secure and reliable routing and the main characteristic of MANET with respect to security is the lack of clear line of defence. Therefore, the SP routing problem in MANET turns into dynamic optimization problem. In this paper, a path detection algorithm and a model to detect intruders that is misbehaving nodes in the alternative paths is proposed.