Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A New sPHENIX Heavy Quark Trigger Algorithm Based on Graph Neural Networks

Triggering plays a vital role in high energy nuclear and particle physics experiments. Here we propose a new trigger algorithm design for heavy charm quark events in proton+proton (p+p) collisions in the sPHENIX experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). This trigger algorithm selects a charm event created in p+p collision by identifying the topology of a charm-hadron ( D 0 ) decays into a pair of oppositely charged kaon and pion particles. Classical approaches are based on statistical models, relying on complex hand-designed features, and are both cost-prohibitive and inﬂexible for discovering charm events from a large background of other collision events. The proposed neural network based trigger algorithm takes into account unique high level features of charm events, using a stack of images that are embedded in a deep neural network. By incorporating two state-of-the-art graph neural networks, ParticleNet and SAGPool, we can learn high-level physics features and perform binary classiﬁcation with simple geometrical track information. Our model attains nearly 75% accuracy and only requires moderate resources. With a small number neurons and simple input, our model is designed to be compatible for hardware acceleration and thereby enables extremely fast decision modules for real-time p+p collision events in the upcoming sPHENIX experiment at RHIC.
Timeliness of Financial Reporting: The Examination of Auditor Tenure and Industry Specialization

This study examines the effect of auditor tenure and industry specialization on financial reporting timeliness. Using evidence from the corporate report of public listed companies in Malaysia, the results from multivariate regression analysis show that audit firm tenure and industry specialization are associated with financial reporting timeliness. The findings show that audit tenure is positively associated with a timelier financial reporting, indicating a shorter audit period. This evidence is consistent with the knowledge spillover arguments. The results also indicate that industry specialist is linked with less timely financial reporting, in which the appointment of industry specialist would result in a longer period to complete audit, probably because a large number of clients to be handled. The result is robust even after including various controls namely auditor size, audit fees, audit committee size, CEO duality, financial year end, firm size, leverage, and growth. The evidence suggests that financial reporting timeliness can be improved by retaining incumbent auditor and selecting a non-industry specialist. This study contributes to the existing literature on the role of auditor in providing timely financial reports. The results of this study are useful for regulators in Malaysia as an input for their effort in setting the rules and regulation relating to auditor tenure to enhance the relevance of corporate reports produced by publicly listed firms.
Computational Study on Production Mechanism of Nano-Graphene Oxide/Poly Diallyl Dimethyl Ammonium Chloride (NGO/PDADMAC) Nanocomposite

Abstract Nanographene oxide (NGO) is one of the most attractive carbon nanomaterials, which due to its high surface-to-mass ratio and epoxy functional groups on the plate, carboxy and hydroxy on the edges, is easily dispersed in water and is one of the most effective materials for the surface adsorbent. Poly diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (PDADMAC) nanocomposite with nano-graphene oxide (NGO/PDADMAC) is used to treat pollutions of negatively charged colloidal materials in water. To form nano-composite with diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride monomer in the form of live radical polymerization, are used two intermediates of 2-bromopropyl bromide (BPB) and potassium ethyl xanthate (EX). In this study, nano-graphene oxide is exposed to 2-bromopropionyl bromide (NGO/BPB), is investigated the possibility of interacting with three functional groups (carboxy, hydroxy, and proxy) of the graphene oxide nano-sphere. Potassium ethyl xanthate (EX) and Poly diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride are then added to their nano-complex (NGO/BPB). Thermodynamic and structural parameters based on B3LYP/6-31 + G** show that the structure of the complex created in the carboxy and hydroxy positions has better structural properties than the epoxy group, with comparing of the groups in the IR spectra of experimental and computational, is more the probability of overlap the hydroxy agent. The thermodynamic, structural, and computational parameters indicate the possibility of forming a composite with the hydroxy agent group to be used as filler.
Clinical utility of reflex testing with cancer biomarkers to improve diagnostic accuracy of primary Human Papillomavirus screening.

BACKGROUND HPV testing is the cornerstone of cervical cancer screening with outstanding sensitivity but only moderate specificity. We evaluated whether reflex testing for cancer biomarkers improves the sensitivity/specificity balance of screening. METHODS Cervical samples from women in Cape Town, South Africa, aged 30-65 years, were collected and tested with Xpert HPV and with real-time PCR to detect mRNA for Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A), Topoisomerase 2 alpha (TOP2A) and Ki67 (MKi67). Women with histologically-confirmed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse (CIN2+) (85 women without and 166 with HIV) and women with no cervical disease (331 without and 257 with HIV) were included. RESULTS When used as reflex tests after a positive HPV result, biomarkers discriminated well between women with and without CIN2+. The inclusion of both CDKN2A and MKi67 had the best performance with area under the curve (AUC) of 0.9171 and 0.8734 in women without and with HIV, respectively. While excellent, these performance parameters did not improve on an approach utilizing only HPV testing with more stringent cycle threshold cut-offs and HPV genotype selection which achieved AUC of 0.9059 and 0.8705 in women without and with HIV, respectively. CONCLUSION Biomarkers can be used as triage after positive HPV results but do not out-perform an approach utilizing higher viral load cut-offs on selected high-risk genotypes. IMPACT A screening approach using HPV testing alone can be more easily implemented at the point-of-care.
Determinants of soft drink consumption among children and adolescents in developed countries - a systematic review.

OBJECTIVES Soft drinks are a major component of daily caloric and sugar intake. This is especially true for children and adolescents. The WHO as well as many other institutions currently recommend to increase research on the determinants of soft drink consumption. We submit a current systematic review on this topic. METHODS In accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, we included all quantitative observational studies that comprise samples from developed countries in the age range 0-18 years and are listed in PubMed, Sociological Abstracts and the Social Sciences Citation Index. Publication period was not limited. The second and the last author screened all 10,392 hits independently with both reviewers being blinded. Interrater reliability (agreement and Cohen's kappa) was 97%/0.73 for the selection of titles, 91%/0.83 for abstracts and 91%/0.80 for full texts. RESULTS Results of 43 included studies, published between 2001 and 2017, show that children and adolescents consuming soft drinks tend to be older, male and of lower social status. Important contextual factors promoting consumption include constant availability at home, at schools or elsewhere as well as restrictions by parents and rules concerning drinks during meals or generally at home. The association between media consumption and soft drink consumption is particularly striking. Other factors in the food environment (choice of food and alternative drinks at home, having meals together, motivation, knowledge about nutrition and healthy eating) are of minor importance. CONCLUSIONS When introducing interventions parents should play a major role because they serve as physical and social gatekeepers for this early risk factor of juvenile obesity.
DESENVOLVIMENTO DA APRENDIZAGEM EM CRIANÇAS COM TDAH

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar relatar pelo olhar dos profissionais da educação envolvidos com estes alunos de como se dá o ensino-aprendizagem por levantamento de dados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, além de conceituar e caracterizar o TDAH, conhecendo suas causas, seu diagnóstico, sintomas, tratamento das crianças e como o pedagogo atua diante ao cenário nas escolas públicas e privadas do Município de Santo Antônio do Descoberto em tempos de pandemia na modalidade de ensino remoto. Justifica-se o presente estudo, pelo fato de que o Transtorno do Déficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade (TDAH) vem sendo discutido com frequência no meio escolar, devido este tipo de transtorno de aprendizagem ser fator comum no cotidiano das escolas em relação a outros transtornos de aprendizagem. Questiona-se como professores e equipe gestora precisaram se adaptar aos moldes do ensino a distância e procurar novas estratégias de ensino para com estes alunos? A hipótese a ser considerada é a de que os professores ainda não se sentem preparados para lidar com transtorno quando o assunto é a aprendizagem. A metodologia utilizada que pareceu mais assertiva foi o estudo exploratório de caráter bibliográfico com pesquisa de campo e análise qualitativa dos dados coletados. Como resultado, aponta-se que a produção dessa pesquisa possibilitou a observar o TDAH com uma visão mais reflexiva, sobre a importância da formação do pedagogo para lidar com o TDAH, sendo que é preciso que esse profissional atue junto com a família e escola para obter êxito do desenvolvimento do potencial do aluno.
Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) Deficiency Leads to Cellular Changes in Highly Metastatic Human Prostate Cancer Cell Line PC-3

The transporter protein lipocalin-2 (LCN2) also termed neutrophil-gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) has pleiotropic effects in tumorigenesis in various cancers. Since the precise role of LCN2 in prostate cancer (PCa) is poorly understood, we aimed to elucidate its functions in PCa in vitro. For this purpose, LCN2 was transiently suppressed or permanently depleted in human PC-3 cells using siRNA or CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout. Effects of LCN2 suppression on expression of different tumorigenic markers were investigated by Western blot analysis and RT-qPCR. LCN2 knockout cells were analyzed for cellular changes and their ability to cope endoplasmic stress compared to parenteral PC-3 cells. Reduced LCN2 was accompanied by decreased expression of IL-1β and Cx43. In PC-3 cells, LCN2 deficiency leads to reduced proliferation, diminished expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, lower adhesion, and disrupted F-actin distribution. In addition, IL-1β expression strongly correlated with LCN2 levels. LCN2 knockout cells showed enhanced and sustained activation of unfolded protein response proteins when treated with tunicamycin or cultured under glucose deprivation. Interestingly, an inverse correlation between phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 α subunit (p-eIF2α) and LCN2 expression was observed suggesting that LCN2 triggers protein synthesis under stress conditions. The finding that LCN2 depletion leads to significant phenotypic and cellular changes in PC-3 cells adds LCN2 as a valuable target for the treatment of PCa.
Women's empowerment and fertility preferences of married women: analysis of demographic and health survey’2016 in Timor-Leste

A recently independent state, Timor-Leste, is progressing towards socioeconomic development, prioritizing women empowerment while its increased fertility rate (4.1) could hinder the growth due to an uncontrolled population. Currently, limited evidence shows that indicators of women's empowerment are associated with fertility preferences and rates. The objective of this study was to assess the association between women empowerment and fertility preferences of married women aged 15 to 49 years in Timor-Leste using nationally representative survey data. The study was conducted using the data of the latest Timor-Leste Demographic and Health Survey 2016. The study included 4040 rural residents and 1810 urban residents of Timor-Leste. Multinomial logistic regression has been performed to assess the strength of association between the exposures indicating women's empowerment and outcome (fertility preference). After adjusting the selected covariates, the findings showed that exposures that indicate women empowerment in DHS, namely, the employment status of women, house and land ownership, ownership of the mobile phone, and independent bank account status, contraceptive use, and the attitude of women towards negotiating sexual relations are significantly associated with fertility preferences. The study shows higher the level of education, the less likely were the women to want more children, and unemployed women were with a higher number of children. Our study also found that the attitude of violence of spouses significantly influenced women's reproductive choice. However, employment had no significant correlation with decision-making opportunities and contraceptive selection due to a lack of substantial data. Also, no meaningful data was available regarding decision-making and fertility preferences. Our findings suggest that women's empowerment governs decision-making in fertility preferences, causing a decline in the fertility rate.
Drag optimisation of a wing equipped with a morphing upper surface

ABSTRACT The drag coefficient and the laminar-to-turbulent transition for the aerofoil component of a wing model are optimised using an adaptive upper surface with two actuation points. The effects of the new shaped aerofoils on the global drag coefficient of the wing model are also studied. The aerofoil was optimised with an ‘in-house’ genetic algorithm program coupled with a cubic spline aerofoil shape reconstruction and XFoil 6.96 open-source aerodynamic solver. The wing model analysis was performed with the open-source solver XFLR5 and the 3D Panel Method was used for the aerodynamic calculation. The results of the aerofoil optimisation indicate improvements of both the drag coefficient and transition delay of 2% to 4%. These improvements in the aerofoil characteristics affect the global drag of the wing model, reducing it by up to 2%. The analyses were conducted for a single Reynolds number and speed over a range of angles of attack. The same cases will also be used in the experimental testing of the manufactured morphing wing model.
Endothelial Piezo1 sustains muscle capillary density and contributes to physical activity

Piezo1 forms mechanically activated nonselective cation channels that contribute to endothelial response to fluid flow. Here we reveal an important role in the control of capillary density. Conditional endothelial cell–specific deletion of Piezo1 in adult mice depressed physical performance. Muscle microvascular endothelial cell apoptosis and capillary rarefaction were evident and sufficient to account for the effect on performance. There was selective upregulation of thrombospondin-2 (TSP2), an inducer of endothelial cell apoptosis, with no effect on TSP1, a related important player in muscle physiology. TSP2 was poorly expressed in muscle endothelial cells but robustly expressed in muscle pericytes, in which nitric oxide (NO) repressed the Tsp2 gene without an effect on Tsp1. In endothelial cells, Piezo1 was required for normal expression of endothelial NO synthase. The data suggest an endothelial cell–pericyte partnership of muscle in which endothelial Piezo1 senses blood flow to sustain capillary density and thereby maintain physical capability.
Review on the role of antioxidant supplementation against oxidative stress: a human and animal approach to male fertility

Male infertility is one important factor among the multifactorial causes of couple infertility, being oxidative stress one of the main related sources. Sperm is a specialized cell extremely susceptible to stress. To understand and mitigate this event, many studies have used different antioxidants, orally or in vitro supplementation, trying to improve sperm quality and function. Considering the extensive available literature regarding approaches and attempts to solve male fertility issues, the aim of this review is evaluating the effects of antioxidant supplementation on sperm, in both humans and experimental models with animals. This review selected original data from PubMed. The keywords used were: antioxidant, sperm, male fertility, antioxidant supplementation, male infertility; and the term "rodents" was added to the descriptors “antioxidant” and “male fertility”. Only studies published in indexed journals, in English, between 2015 and 2019 were included. This review involves i) human sperm and ii) rodent sperm. For the human approach, the search retrieved 496 articles and 80 were included, among which 28 studies were of in vitro antioxidant supplementation, 19 involved oral antioxidant supplementation and the remaining 33 concerned quantification of oxidants and antioxidants already present in the seminal samples. For the rodent approach, 152 articles were retrieved and 52 were included: 3 of varicocele, 11 of diabetes, 10 of therapeutic drugs, 3 of physical exercise, 10 of environmental exposure and 3 of heat stress. The remaining studies involved oxidative stress status in experimental models. Antioxidants use for reproductive purposes is increasing in an attempt to achieve better gametes and embryos. Vitamins C, B and E, selenium and zinc are the most commonly used antioxidants, with remarkable evidences in improving pathophysiological seminal conditions.
Financial Innovation, Payment Choice and Cash Demand – Causal Evidence from the Staggered Introduction of Contactless Debit Cards*

We examine how an innovation in payment technology impacts on consumer payment choice and cash demand. We study the staggered introduction of contactless debit cards between 2016-2018. The timing of access to the contactless technology is quasi-random across clients, depending only on the expiry date of the existing debit card. Our analysis is based on administrative data for over 21’000 bank clients and follows a pre-analysis plan. Average treatment effects show that the receipt of a contactless card increases the use of debit cards especially for small-value payments. However, we find only a moderate average reduction in the cash share of payments and no reduction of average cash demand. Treatment effects on payment choice are strongest among consumers with an intermediate pre-treatment use of cash. Explorative analyses reveal that effects are largely driven by young consumers in urban locations.
Anthrax Toxins and their receptors

Protective antigen, the non-toxic subunit of the bacterial secreted toxin recognizes specific receptors on the host cells. Toxin action begins when PA binds to either of two receptors: capillary morphogenesis protein 2 (CMG-2) or tumor endothelial marker 8 (TEM-8). The function, structure and interactions with extracellular matrix proteins of the TEM-8 and CMG-2 have been presented. Abbreviations:
DETECTING COVID-19 OUTBREAK WITH ANOMALOUS TERM FREQUENCY

1 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . 2 NOMENCLATURE . 3 CHAPTERS
A case of primary breast diffuse large B cell lymphoma

Primary breast diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a rare non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma with limited data. We here report a case of primary breast diffuse large B-cell lymphoma mimicking breast cancer. A 52-year-old woman had a painless mass in her right breast. Fine needle aspiration cytology and core biopsy were performed which suggested malignant features but could not confirm the specific subtype. Excisional biopsy then was conducted revealing non-Hodgkin lymphoma, which was subsequently confirmed with histopathology and diagnosed as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). A chest computed tomography scan revealed a 3.5 cm sized breast mass with skin thickening and modest lymphadenopathy in the ipsilateral axilla. The patient received six courses of R-CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone plus rituximab) chemotherapy, then whole breast radiation (30Gy in 15 fractions). At 12 months of follow-up, the patient survives with no evidence of disease. No morbidities occurred in this patient during the follow-up period. We briefly review the current practice pattern in patients with primary breast diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.
The impact of employing a magnetic field as well as Fe3O4 nanoparticles on the performance of phase change materials

ABSTRACT In this study a 2D cubic chamber model filled with paraffin is analyzed with and without the inclusion of magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles at concentrations of 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 wt%, and an external magnetic field of intensities 0.005, 0.01, 0.015 and 0.02 T. It is ascertained that adding magnetic nanoparticles leads the horizontal temperature gradient to be reduced owing to increments in thermal conductivity. Additionally, this feature is found to be accelerated by applying an external magnetic field, which shapes highly conductive cluster formations of nanoparticles. However, since the increase in nanoparticle concentration and magnetic intensity increases the composite viscosity, there is an optimum configuration while applying both schemes. As such, the addition of 1 wt% nanoparticles provides the best results, as the melting time is reduced up to 25% compared to pure paraffin. Meanwhile, the melting time of a 1 wt% nanoparticle-containing phase change material (PCM) in the presence of an external magnetic field is improved up to 24% compared to the case with no external magnetic field. Also, the heat transfer coefficient of a 1 wt% nanoparticle-containing PCM both with and without an external magnetic field is also staggeringly enhanced compared to pure paraffin. Good correspondence with experimental data was achieved.
Assessment of Industrial Load for Demand Response across Western Interconnect

Demand response (DR) has the ability to both increase power grid reliability and potentially reduce operating system costs. Understanding the role of demand response in grid modeling has been difficult due to complex nature of the load characteristics compared to the modeled generation and the variation in load types. This is particularly true of industrial loads, where hundreds of different industries exist with varying availability for demand response. We present a framework considering industrial loads for the development of availability profiles that can provide more regional understanding and can be inserted into analysis software for further study. The developed framework utilizes a number of different informational resources, algorithms, and real-world measurements to perform a bottom-up approach in the development of a new database with representation of the potential demand response resource in the industrial sector across the U.S. This tool houses statistical values of energy and demand response (DR) potential by industrial plant and geospatially locates the information for aggregation for different territories without proprietary information. This report will discuss this framework and the analyzed quantities of demand response for Western Interconnect (WI) in support of evaluation of the cost production modeling with power grid modeling efforts of demand response.