Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation de l'intégrité fonctionnelle des écosystèmes lotiques du sud-ouest de la France

L'evaluation ecologique des cours d'eau ne prend pas en compte les differents processus qui y sont realises, faute d'indicateur disponibles. L'objectif de cette these a ete de documenter l'utilisation de la decomposition des litieres vegetales d'origine terrestre comme indicateur de l'integrite fonctionnelle des rivieres de plaine et de piedmont suivies par l'Agence de l'Eau Adour-Garonne. Partie 1. Sur une douzaine de sites suivis pour la pollution par les pesticides, le taux de decomposition est divise par deux entre le site le moins et le plus contamine, entrainant le passage d'une decomposition co-assuree par les invertebres et les microorganismes dans les sites les moins contamines a un processus realise seulement par les microorganismes dans les sites les plus contamines, compromettant le processus dans les rivieres les plus contaminees. Cette alteration est observee a des concentrations en pesticides pourtant inferieures aux seuils fixes par l'Union Europeenne. Partie 2. Sur 58 sites qui maximisent l'amplitude des classes de qualite ecologiques, l'absence de correlation observee entre les indices biologiques bases sur les invertebres (IBGN, I2M2) et les diatomees (IBD) et le processus de decomposition suggere que les perturbations, selon leur nature et/ou leur intensite, alterent differentiellement la composition des communautes et les activite de transformation de la matiere organique. Partie 3. Une grille d'evaluation de la qualite fonctionnelle des rivieres croisant deux variables, ktotal et le ratio kinvertebre/kmicrobien est proposee a partir de 84 sites de suivi et de sites de reference tires de la bibliographie. Cette grille montre qu'a l'echelle regionale, le processus de decomposition est plus affecte dans sa composante liee a l'activite des invertebres qu'a celle liee aux microorganismes. En suivant les criteres d'evaluation de la Directive Cadre sur l'Eau, cette grille d'evaluation met en evidence que seulement 28 % des sites etudies atteindrait un bon etat fonctionnel. Cette these a permit de documenter la reflexion menee sur le developpement d'indicateurs fonctionnels et plaide pour l'inclusion de la decomposition des litieres vegetales dans l'evaluation evaluation ecologique par une approche croisee, telle que formalisee par un graphique structure x fonction a double entree.
Molecular dates for the "cambrian explosion": the influence of prior assumptions.

Bininda-Emonds, O. R. P. 2004. Trees versus characters and the supertree/supermatrix ”paradox”. Syst. Biol. 53:356–359. Bininda-Emonds, O. R. P., and H. N. Bryant. 1998. Properties of matrix representation with parsimony analyses. Syst. Biol. 47:497– 508. Bocker, S. 2004. Unrooted supertrees: Limitations, traps, and phylogenetic patchworks. Pages 331–351 in Phylogenetic supertrees: Combining information to reveal the Tree of Life (O. R. P. BinindaEmonds, ed.). Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht, The Netherlands. Chen, D. , O. Eulenstein, and D. Fernandez-Baca. 2004. Rainbow: A toolbox for phylogenetic supertree construction and analysis. Bioinformatics 20:2872–2873. Donoghue, M. J., and S. Mathews. 1998. Duplicate genes and the root of angiosperms, with an example using phytochrome sequences. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 9:489–500. Farris, J. S. , A. G. Kluge, and M. J. Eckhardt. 1970. A numerical approach to phylogenetic systematics. Syst. Zool. 19:172–191. Gatesy, J., C. Matthee, R. DeSalle, and C. Hayashi. 2002. Resolution of a supertree/supermatrix paradox. Syst. Biol. 51:652–664. Huelsenbeck, J. P., J. P. Bollback, and A. M. Levine. 2002. Inferring the root of a phylogenetic tree. Syst. Biol. 51:32–43. Lin, Y. -H. , P. A. McLenachan, A. R. Gore, M. J. Phillips, R. Ota, M. D. Hendy, and D. Penny. 2002. Four new mitochondrial genomes and the increased stability of evolutionary trees of mammals from improved taxon sampling. Mol. Biol. Evol. 19:2060–2070. Liu, F. -G. R. , M. M. Miyamoto, N. P. Freire, P. Q. Ong, M. R. Tennant, T. S. Young, and K. F. Gugel. 2001. Molecular and morphological supertrees for eutherian (placental) mammals. Science 291:1786–1789. Maddison, D. R. , and W. P. Maddison. 2000. MacClade 4: Analysis of phylogeny and character evolution. Version 4.0. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, Massachusetts. Maddison, W. P., M. J. Donoghue, and D. R. Maddison. 1984. Outgroup analysis and parsimony. Syst. Zool. 33:83–103. Mathews, S. , and M. J. Donoghue. 1999. The root of angiosperm phylogeny inferred from duplicate phytochrome genes. Science 286:947– 950. Mathews, S. , and M. J. Donoghue. 2000. Basal angiosperm phylogeny inferred from duplicate phytochromes A and C. Int. J. Pl. Sci. 161:S41– S55. Messenger, S. L. , and J. A. McGuire. 1998. Morphology, molecules, and the phylogenetics of cetaceans. Syst. Biol. 47:90–124. Misawa, K. , and A. Janke. 2003. Revisiting the Glires concept— phylogenetic analysis of nuclear sequences. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 28:320–327. Murphy, W. J., E. Eizirik, S. J. O’Brien, O. Madsen, M. Scally, C. J. Douady, E. Teeling, O. A. Ryder, M. J. Stanhope, W. W. de Jong,
Book Review: Analyzing Decision Making: Metric Conjoint Analysis

The author intends the monograph to serve as " . an introduction to theory and methods for studying customer decision processes" (p. 7) for " . researchers who want to solve practical problems with a sound theoretical approach that has had considerable empirical success. " (p. 8). As the title implies, the book is about (metric) conjoint analysis. However, before discussing aspects of research design and data analysis, Louviere introduces the theory of information integration. Though the discussion of information integration is brief, it is useful for readers who might otherwise be inclined to start with an ad hoc specification of a model to represent consumer choices or preferences. The author mentions the link between physical characteristics and attribute evaluations, but provides little guidance to help researchers decide whether to use physical (objective) characteristics or attribute (subjective) descriptions or some of both categories for a study. The attractive features of the monograph include an extensive discussion of alternative conjoint models (e.g., additive, multiplicative, distributive, dual-distributive) and procedures for comparing and testing such models. Considerable emphasis is also appropriately placed on the experimental design requirements for the tests. In addition, the author makes clear that commonly used designs (e.g., fractional factorials) typically confound main and interaction effects. I believe it is very useful to make researchers aware of the implicit assumption that interaction effects are zero. This assumption is, of course, crucial to researchers' ability to interpret the results from a "main-effects" design. I find the discussion of testing procedures also very helpful. The commercial practice appears to be to assume a simple model (e.g., part worths) and to use a design that allows for parameter estimation, often at the level of the individual respondent. Market segment or aggregate results are summarized for interpretation. Also, EDITOR: Donald E. Stem, Jr.
Validation of ‘POIBA-How do we eat?’ questionnaire in 9-10 years old schoolchildren

ABSTRACT Background: It is difficult to obtain good food reports with Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQ) among children. In addition, validated questionnaires are scarce. Objective: The aim of this study was to validate the ‘POIBA-How do we eat? ’ (POIBA-HDWE) FFQ and whether it could be administered to children under 10 years of age. Design: We validated the FFQ POIBA-HDWE as part of the Childhood Obesity Prevention Program (POIBA project) in Barcelona. Forty-two out of 63 primary school students (9–10 years old) answered three questionnaires: FFQ POBA-HDWE; another questionnaire, ‘POIBA-How do our children eat? ’ (POIBA-HDOCE), which was administered to the children’s parents; and the 24-h recall computer program ‘Young Adolescents’ Nutrition Assessment on Computer’ (YANA-C), which was used on three different days as a gold standard. We tested for correlations using the Spearman test for non-parametric variables. Results: We found low compliance with food recommendations (<50%). The POIBA-HDWE and POIBA-HDOCE questionnaires showed a moderate correlation for soft drinks (r = 0.49; p < 0.01), nuts (r = 0.59; p < 0.01), dairy products (r = 0.41; p < 0.01) and juices (r = 0.49; p < 0.01). There were moderate correlations between POIBA-HDWE and YANA-C for fried potatoes (r = 0.42; p = 0.01), dairy products (r = 0.53; p < 0.01), juices (r = 0.41; p < 0.01), and grains(r = 0.50; p < 0.01). Food frequency questions showed a homogeneity of 0.69, and a sensitivity of over 60% for all food items except chips (37.5%) and sweets (51.7%). Conclusions: The POIBA-HDWE FFQ showed moderate correlations with the gold standard, high sensitivity for most food types and acceptable internal consistency. It is an easy and affordable tool for recording food frequency in children under 10 years old.
PausePred and Rfeet: webtools for inferring ribosome pauses and visualizing footprint density from ribosome profiling data

The process of translation is characterized by irregularities in the local decoding rates of specific mRNA codons. This includes the occurrences of long pauses that can take place when ribosomes decode certain peptide sequences, encounter strong RNA secondary structures, or decode “hungry” codons. Examples are known where such pausing or stalling is used for regulating protein synthesis. This can be achieved at the level of translation via direct alteration of ribosome progression through mRNA or by altering mRNA stability via NoGo decay. Ribosome pausing has also been implicated in the cotranslational folding of proteins. Ribosome profiling data often are used for inferring the locations of ribosome pauses. However, no dedicated online software is available for this purpose. Here we present PausePred (https://pausepred.ucc.ie/), which can be used to infer ribosome pauses from ribosome profiling (Ribo-seq) data. Peaks of ribosome footprint density are scored based on their magnitude relative to the background density within the surrounding area. The scoring allows the comparison of peaks across the transcriptome or genome. In addition to the score, PausePred reports the coordinates of the pause, the footprint density at the pause site, and the surrounding nucleotide sequence. The pauses can be visualized in the context of Ribo-seq and RNA-seq density plots generated for specific transcripts or genomic regions with the Rfeet tool. PausePred does not require input on the location of protein coding ORFs (although gene annotations can be optionally supplied). As a result, it can be used universally and its output does not depend on ever evolving annotations.
Radio Frequency Near Communication (RFNC) Technology: An Integrated RFID-NFC System for Objects' Localization

The recent advancements in the Internet of Things (IoT) has promoted for finding or localizing objects with different technologies. Radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology has been widely used in indoor localization applications due to its ease of deployment and low cost. With passive RFID tags, an object can be localized within less than 10cm. However, passive RFID localization systems cannot provide easy localization due to its limited reading range. Using Active RFID tags will provide longer localization range to a lost object. However, while pairing the mobile phone with the tag, the phone may capture any tag in its reading range; thus, the tag pairing process may be done improperly. Alternatively, Near Field Communication (NFC) has been proposed as an extension to the RFID technology in which the reader must be within close proximity to the NFC tag for achieving the reading task. With the deployment of NFC, several mobile phone applications have been developed employing NFC in payments and contactless systems. However, due to the short localization range of NFC, it becomes extremely difficult to find a lost item. Currently, RFID and NFC have been employed in object localization systems separately. Alternatively, in this paper we propose Radio Frequency Near Communication (RFNC) is an integrated RFID- NFC system for localization of lost item. Our experiments integrating RFID and NFC technologies confirm that NFC technology can be a complement to the RFID technology rather than an alternative.
A Mixture of Expert Approach for Low-Cost Customization of Deep Neural Networks

The ability to customize a trained Deep Neural Network (DNN) locally using user-specific data may greatly enhance user experiences, reduce development costs, and protect user's privacy. In this work, we propose to incorporate a novel Mixture of Experts (MOE) approach to accomplish this goal. This architecture comprises of a Global Expert (GE), a Local Expert (LE) and a Gating Network (GN). The GE is a trained DNN developed on a large training dataset representative of many potential users. After deployment on an embedded edge device, GE will be subject to customized, user-specific data (e.g., accent in speech) and its performance may suffer. This problem may be alleviated by training a local DNN (the local expert, LE) on a small size customized training data to correct the errors made by GE. A gating network then will be trained to determine whether an incoming data should be handled by GE or LE. Since the customized dataset is in general very small, the cost of training LE and GN would be much lower than that of re-training of GE. The training of LE and GN thus can be performed at local device, properly protecting the privacy of customized training data. In this work, we developed a prototype MOE architecture for handwritten alphanumeric character recognition task. We use EMNIST as the generic dataset, LeNet5 as GE, and handwritings of 10 users as the customized dataset. We show that with the LE and GN, the classification accuracy is significantly enhanced over the customized dataset with almost no degradation of accuracy over the generic dataset. In terms of energy and network size, the overhead of LE and GN is around 2.5% compared to those of GE.
Evolutionary approaches to solve the 3D thermal-aware floorplanning problem using heterogeneous processors

La integracion en 3D es una tecnica prometedora para llevar a cabo el proceso de fabricacion de futuras arquitecturas multiprocesador. Esta tecnica mejora el rendimiento y reduce el cableado obteniendo asi un menor consumo global. Sin embargo, la integracion en 3D provoca problemas termicos de gran importancia debidos a la mayor proximidad de elementos que irradian calor, acentuando el impacto de los puntos calientes. Los algoritmos de floorplanning juegan un papel importante en la reduccion del impacto termico, pero no tienen en cuenta el perfil dinamico de las aplicaciones. Este trabajo propone un innovador floorplanner guiado por los perfiles de consumo de potencia de un conjunto de aplicaciones representativas del ambito de ejecucion. Los resultados muestran que tener en cuenta el perl dinamico de las aplicaciones en vez del los valores en el caso peor lleva a mejorar la respuesta termica del chip. [ABSTRACT] 3D integration has become one of the most promising techniques for the integration future multi-core processors, since it improves performance and reduces power consumption by decreasing global wire length. However, 3D integration causes serious thermal problems since the closer proximity of heat generating dies makes existing thermal hotspots more severe. Thermal-aware oorplanners can play an important role to improve the thermal prole, but they have failed in considering the dynamic power proles of the applications. This work proposes a novel thermal-aware oorplanner guided by the power proling of a set of benchmarks that are representative of the application scope. The results show how our approach outperforms the thermal metrics as compared with the worst-case scenario usually considered in traditional thermal-aware oorplanners.
Den omsorgsfulle sykepleier — slik pasienter ser det

This article deals with one out of four themes for the interview in a qualitative study about caring. The theme is: «How do cancer patients staying in a cancer ward for treatment know that nurses care about them? » The research method is based on Giorgi's approach to phenomenology. Twenty patients were interviewed. The patients had various cancer diagnoses in different stages and with different prognosis, but most of them (16) had metastasis from their disease. The findings show that all the patients were able to identify one or to nurses that cared more about them then the others. The units of meaning identified can be clustered into following themes: The caring nurse «takes time to talk to me as an individual», «she is concerned about me», «she gives me information and explains» and «she is smiling and has a good sense of humour». The essential description of the caring nurse was that she meets the patients as fellow human beings more than patients. The study also shows that from the patients perspective care seems to have more to do with concern and awareness than time.
A Sharp Bound on the $s$-Energy and Its Applications to Averaging Systems

The <italic><inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$s$</tex-math></inline-formula>-energy</italic> is a generating function of wide applicability in network-based dynamics. We derive an (essentially) optimal bound of <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$(3/\rho s)^{n-1}$</tex-math></inline-formula> on the <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$s$</tex-math></inline-formula>-energy of an <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$</tex-math></inline-formula>-agent symmetric averaging system, for any positive real <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$s\leq 1$</tex-math></inline-formula>, where <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\rho$</tex-math></inline-formula> is a lower bound on the nonzero weights. This is done by introducing the new dynamics of <italic>twist systems</italic>. We show how to use the new bound on the <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$s$</tex-math></inline-formula>-energy to tighten the convergence rates of systems in opinion dynamics, flocking, and synchronization.
Patiriella pseudoexigua (Asteroidea: Asterinidae): a cryptic species complex revealed by molecular and embryological analyses

Cryptic lineages were identified within a morphologically uniform group of sea stars distributed from Australia to Japan. Among eight populations, all of which have been referred to Patiriella pseudoexigua, we found seven unique mitochondrial DNA sequences clustered into four distinct lineages. These four lineages formed a monophyletic group in which sister clades were separated by small genetic distances but could be differentiated from each other on the basis of reproductive differences. The four lineages thus appear to be separate but very closely related species. Examination of reproduction in several Queensland populations revealed that one population (Statue Bay) consisted of hermaphroditic intragonadal brooders with live-born offspring while other populations (Townsville, Bowen, Airlie Beach) consisted of dioecious free-spawners with a planktonic larva. The brooded larvae from central Queensland populations closely resembled brooded embryos and larvae of a Japanese lineage, while the planktonic larvae from northern Queensland were similar to the original description of planktonic larvae from a Taiwan population. However, each of the viviparous lineages was more closely related to a lineage with planktonic larval development than the viviparous lineages were to each other. Patiriella pseudoexigua thus comprises at least four species with different reproductive phenotypes in which viviparous brooding appears to have evolved in parallel. Based on previous taxonomic work we propose the following names for these four lineages: the dioecious free-spawner from northern Queensland (including the P. pseudoexigua type locality) is P. pseudoexigua sensu stricto; the viviparous brooder from central Queensland is undescribed and here referred to as Patiriella sp. nov; the dioecious free-spawner from Taiwan is temporarily referred to as Patiriella sp. (a senior name for this species may be P. pentagonus); and the hermaphrodite brooder from Japan should be raised to specific status and referred to by the new combination P. pacifica.
Does higher sport supply lead to higher sport demand? A city level analysis

This paper explores the decision to participate in sports activities and the subsequent frequency of participation using data from a big German city, Munich, representative sample of individuals in 2008. Individual and socio-economic variables characterizing the individuals were collected. A new type of variable, which has not been included in the existing econometric studies yet, is introduced: the availability of sport infrastructures, including their geographical localization and the type of infrastructure. If building sport infrastructures can be seen as an investment and as a consequence a cost for the city, sport infrastructures can also be considered as a factor influencing positively the sport demand. However, the localization of such an infrastructure can be seen as a time and income constraint for the sport participant if the distance from the home is too important. Traditional non linear econometric analysis, logit and poisson models, as well as two-level nonlinear hierarchical models are used to examine the empirical evidence provided by the data collected by survey including 11.715 persons. The results suggest that social and individual characteristics are of paramount importance in determining sports participation and sports frequency, as shown in the 2 recent econometric studies based on UK and US data (Downward, 2007 and Humpreys and Ruseski, 2007). In our study related to the city Munich, we can see that the impact of the variable age is non linear, that the gender is highly significant in explaining the differences of sport participation and the impact of the level of school attendance on sport practice are significantly explanatory. A very interesting result is the explanatory power of the variable ethnicity, or nationality of the person and we take a particular attention on it. The regression coefficients related to different nationalities differs among sport disciplines. These differences could be explained no only by sociological reasons, but also by economic reasons, among other things. The economic variables, taking alone, particularly the monthly income of the person interweaved, have a lower impact on both the decision to practice sport and the frequency of the sport activity. The most innovative result of our econometric study is to state, through an analysis of each kind of sport infrastructures, that the sport practice supply in an acceptable distance from the individual home has a significant and positive impact on both the decision of practicing a sport and on the frequency of this activity. These results, related to the city Munich, open an alternative way of considering the urban sport demand. Such a study could allow predicting the outcomes of political decisions in the domain of sport for all at the city level, the econometrical models using there being able to predict on how many percent the sport participation would increase if a new sport infrastructure would be built.