Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Macrophages: From Simple Phagocyte to an Integrative Regulatory Cell for Inflammation and Tissue Regeneration—A Review of the Literature

The understanding of macrophages and their pathophysiological role has dramatically changed within the last decades. Macrophages represent a very interesting cell type with regard to biomaterial-based tissue engineering and regeneration. In this context, macrophages play a crucial role in the biocompatibility and degradation of implanted biomaterials. Furthermore, a better understanding of the functionality of macrophages opens perspectives for potential guidance and modulation to turn inflammation into regeneration. Such knowledge may help to improve not only the biocompatibility of scaffold materials but also the integration, maturation, and preservation of scaffold-cell constructs or induce regeneration. Nowadays, macrophages are classified into two subpopulations, the classically activated macrophages (M1 macrophages) with pro-inflammatory properties and the alternatively activated macrophages (M2 macrophages) with anti-inflammatory properties. The present narrative review gives an overview of the different functions of macrophages and summarizes the recent state of knowledge regarding different types of macrophages and their functions, with special emphasis on tissue engineering and tissue regeneration.
Biological control of major postharvest fungal diseases of apple using two Lamiaceae extracts

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the antifungal activity of the aqueous extracts of two wild Lamiaceae species against P. expansum and B. cinerea and the impact of these treatments on fruit quality parameters. The in vitro results showed significant effect of the two aqueous extracts on both fungi mycelial growth. A. alpinus exhibited high antifungal efficacy against P. expansum with an inhibition rate ranging from 34.32 to 90.76% whereas T. vulgaris exhibit an inhibition rate against B. cinerea ranging from 61.87 to 97.94%. These results indicated that A. alpinus and T. vulgaris were extremely potent against both pathogens with an EC50 ranging from 0.82 to 2.39%. The in vivo experiments on apple fruit were very promising with an approximate efficacy varying from 64 to 79% with no impacts on fruit quality parameters. These results provide evidence that both plant species are an effective alternative to control postharvest diseases of fruit.
A 2.4 TO 3 Gb/s REFERENCE-LESS HALF-RATE CDR WITH ADAPTIVE EQUALIZER IN WIRELINE RECEIVERS

Bài báo này trình bày về mạch khôi phục dữ liệu và xung đồng hồ (CDR) bán tốc không sử dụng tần số tham chiếu từ 2,4 đến 3 Gb/s kết hợp với mạch san bằng thích nghi trong máy thu có dây. Máy thu băng rộng dựa trên cấu trúc này thích hợp cho các hệ thống có dây tốc độ cao. Mạch CDR băng rộng đạt được bằng cách sử dụng sơ đồ bám tần số theo hai bước: thô và tinh. Ngoài ra, trong nghiên cứu này, quá trình bám tần số thô và tinh hoạt động đồng thời để đạt được thời gian bám tần số ngắn. Mạch san bằng tuyến tính thời gian liên tục (CTLE) dựa trên bộ đếm được sử dụng để đạt được đồng thời cả thời gian thích nghi ngắn và công suất tiêu thụ thấp. Sự kết hợp giữa CDR và EQ được đề xuất để đạt được thời gian xử lý và khôi phục dữ liệu nhanh cho máy thu. Máy thu đề xuất được thiết kế trên công nghệ CMOS 180 nm. Mạch có thời gian thích nghi là 4,4 µs và thời gian bám tần số là 3 µs với khoảng bám từ tần số nhỏ nhất đến tần số lớn nhất của bộ dao động điều khiển bằng điện áp (VCO). Máy thu có jitter của xung đồng hồ và dữ liệu khôi phục lần lượt là 40 ps và 70 ps với dữ liệu đầu vào là 3 Gb/s. Mạch tiêu thụ công suất 42,7 mW với nguồn cung cấp 1,8 V.
Temporal Analysis of EXO 0531–66 in Outburst

We report a timing analysis of the Be transient X-ray binary EXO 053109-6609.2 in outburst observed with BeppoSAX. The luminosity of the source is ~1.1 × 1037 ergs s-1, similar to that observed in the previous three outbursts. The source shows pulsations from 0.1 up to 60 keV. The pulsed fraction does not seem to decrease with the energy. The pulse profile is double peaked in the whole energy band. The barycentric pulse period is 13.67590 ± 0.00008 s at MJD 50,520.0. The average rate of period change during the ~2 days of BeppoSAX observation is (3.7 ± 0.5) × 10-9 s s-1. Comparison with ROSAT data allowed the determination of a secular spin-down Ṗsec ~(3.67 ± 0.05) × 10−11 s s-1, computed over an interval of 1960 days.
Multiplexed regenerated fiber Bragg gratings for high-temperature measurement

A high-temperature gradient of a conventional tubular furnace is characterized using a single-fiber sensing line with wavelength-multiplexed short-length-regenerated fiber Bragg gratings. The multiplexed gratings are simultaneously regenerated using a high-temperature annealing process. Temperature calibration from ambient temperatures up to 900 °C is conducted leading to a standard deviation of 0.15 °C after the polynomial fitting of the wavelength shift with the temperature.
Development of an Integrated Human Error Simulation Model in Nuclear Power Plant Decommissioning Activities

In this study, an integrated human error simulation model in nuclear power plant (NPP) decommissioning activities (HEISM-DA) that can integrate and manage various factors affecting human errors is developed. In the HEISM-DA, an error probability input method suitable for the characteristics of each performance shaping factors (PSFs) was presented. Because each PSF has different importance on human error, the relative importance of decommissioning PSF Levels 1 and 2 and influential factors is considered. A multiplier was selected for each PSF and then used for human error evaluation. To calculate the human error probability (HEP) for the NPP decommissioning activity, the relationship between each PSF is identified and linked to develop a human error evaluation model. Using the HEISM-DA, HEP for reactor pressure vessel internal cutting work is evaluated based on the experience data. HEP is calculated to be approximately 1%. As a result of HEP calculation, it is found that the “operation” factor has a significant influence on the HEP of NPP decommissioning activities. Therefore, if the dismantling work is conducted by supervising the “operation” factors in a detailed and systematic approach, it is believed that the HEP will be reduced as other factors are also affected.
Exploring privacy implications of awareness and control mechanisms in smart home devices

Smart home users have a variety of controls they can use to configure their devices according to their preferences. However, it is unclear how people utilize these controls, what considerations they make, and the implications of those decisions for users' privacy. To address this gap, we have conducted two complimentary interview studies regarding the controls available for configuring, monitoring, and sharing collected information in two common smart home devices: a smart doorbell and a lock. We interviewed 21 non-owner participants in the lab and 18 owners of these devices over the phone. While both novice users and existing owners were primarily driven by desired functionality while setting up their devices, their configuration decisions impact what data gets collected and how that data and the device are used and shared. Our findings suggest a range of opportunities to improve the privacy-related features and support for smart home devices.
Impact of Insulin, Biguanide and Sulfonylurea Treatment on hba1c in Diabetic Patients: An Interventional Study in Rajshahi, Bangladesh

Proper management and selection of a single drug or multiple drugs for the treatment of diabetes is very important. The choice of treatment depends on a number of factors. With the proper treatment, the state of diabetes can be managed very smoothly. The main objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of insulin, biguanides and sulfonylurea on HbA1C in diabetic patients. This interventional type of study was carried out among 102 diabetic patients attending at different hospitals in Rajshahi of Bangladesh. In this case purposive sampling technique was followed and data revealed that mean age of the patients was 45.98±11.23 years and most of them (35.30) were housewife. Among the insulin receiving group, 41.18% were male and 58.82% were female. In case of the biguanide receiving taking group 44.12% were male and 55.88% were female while for the sulfonylurea receiving group 35.29% were male and 64.71% were female. Regarding body mass index (BMI) among the respondents, it was found that 0.98% had BMI <18.50 kg/m2, led sedentary lifestyle (65.7%), most of them were from urban area (67.6%) and non-smoker (86.0%) with family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (17.0%). In the insulin receiving group, 82.35% had desired glycemic control; in the biguanide receiving group, 73.53% had desired glycemic control; and in the sulfonylurea receiving group, 64.71% had desired glycemic control. Data shows that the insulin receiving patients had relatively better glycemic control as compared to the other two mendicant receiving groups at 6th month. This finding suggests that the selection of the best drug is the most key part of the treatment of T2DM. Therefore, this study would help to select the best choice of drug for the treatment of diabetes in Bangladesh. J Bio-Sci. 30(1): 123-130, 2022 (June)
Wafer fusion: A novel technique for optoelectronic device fabrication and monolithic integration

Centimeter‐size single‐crystal InP or GaAs wafers have been fused together entirely, face to face or side by side, after a heat treatment in a graphite/quartz reactor which can press the wafers together through differential thermal expansion. Diodes formed by fusing p‐ and n‐type wafers showed normal current‐voltage characteristics and light emission. Fusion between lattice‐mismatched wafers (i.e., InP and GaAs) has also been demonstrated.
‘I do like girls, I promise’: Young bisexual women’s experiences of using Tinder

Mobile phone dating applications (dating apps) are a pervasive means of finding intimate partners, with Tinder as the most popular interface globally. Although this app is largely marketed towards heterosexuals, members of the queer community also utilise it. Since its inception, the internet has been very useful for non-heterosexuals seeking contact with others from their community, due to the safety and anonymity it affords them. When it comes to the internet and intimacy-seeking within the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and queer community, bisexual women have received very limited scholarly attention. Tinder, too, has not yet received a great deal of psychological examination. To address these omissions, in this paper we examine the experiences of eight bisexual women who were interviewed in-depth about their Tinder use in New Zealand. The interview data were thematically analysed and three themes identified: Tinder as not (queer) woman friendly; the (un)safety of Tinder; and virtual (un)reality. We discuss these themes and conclude that within this domain of technologically mediated intimacies, an intersection of heteronormative, biphobic, and gendered power relations profoundly shape bisexual women’s experiences of using Tinder.
mtUPR Modulation as a Therapeutic Target for Primary and Secondary Mitochondrial Diseases

Mitochondrial dysfunction is a key pathological event in many diseases. Its role in energy production, calcium homeostasis, apoptosis regulation, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) balance render mitochondria essential for cell survival and fitness. However, there are no effective treatments for most primary and secondary mitochondrial diseases to this day. Therefore, new therapeutic approaches, such as the modulation of the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (mtUPR), are being explored. mtUPRs englobe several compensatory processes related to proteostasis and antioxidant system mechanisms. mtUPR activation, through an overcompensation for mild intracellular stress, promotes cell homeostasis and improves lifespan and disease alterations in biological models of mitochondrial dysfunction in age-related diseases, cardiopathies, metabolic disorders, and primary mitochondrial diseases. Although mtUPR activation is a promising therapeutic option for many pathological conditions, its activation could promote tumor progression in cancer patients, and its overactivation could lead to non-desired side effects, such as the increased heteroplasmy of mitochondrial DNA mutations. In this review, we present the most recent data about mtUPR modulation as a therapeutic approach, its role in diseases, and its potential negative consequences in specific pathological situations.
Prevalence and associated factors of drug-drug interactions in elderly outpatients in a tertiary care hospital: a cross-sectional study based on three databases

Background Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) are factors of adverse drug reactions and are more common in elderly patients. Identifying potential DDIs can prevent the related risks. Fewer studies of potential DDIs in prescribing for elderly patients in outpatient clinics. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated factors with potential DDIs and potentially clinically significant DDIs (csDDIs) among elderly outpatients based on 3 DDIs databases. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out on outpatients (≥65 years old) of a tertiary care hospital in China between January and March 2022. Patients’ prescriptions, including at least 1 systemic drug, were consecutively collected. The potential DDIs were identified by Lexicomp®, Micromedex®, and DDInter. Patient-related clinical parameter recorded at the prescriptions and DDIs with higher risk rating was analyzed. Variables showing association in univariate analysis (P<0.2) were included in logistic regression analysis. Weighted kappa analysis was used to analyze the consistencies of different databases. Results A total of 19,991 elderly outpatients were involved in the study, among whom 21,527 drug combinations including 486 drugs occurred. Lexicomp®, Micromedex®, and DDInter respectively identified 32.22%, 32.93%, and 22.62% of patients have at least one potential DDIs, meanwhile, 9.16%, 14.53%, and 4.56% of patients have at least one potential csDDIs. Under any evaluation criteria, polypharmacy and neurology visits were risk factors for csDDIs. Lexicomp® has the highest coverage rate (87.86%) for drugs. Micromedex® identified the most csDDIs (740 drug combinations). Drugs used in diabetes and psycholeptics were frequently found in the csDDIs of 2 commercial databases. The consistency between Lexicomp® and Micromedex® was moderate (weighted kappa 0.473). DDInter had fair consistencies with the other databases. Conclusions This study showed the prevalence of potential DDIs is high in elderly outpatients and potential csDDIs were prevalent. Considering the relative risk, pre-warning of potential DDIs before outpatient prescribing is necessary. As the consistencies among identification criteria are not good, more research is needed to focus on actual adverse outcomes to promote accurate prevention of csDDIs.
Atomic structure of Mn-rich nanocolumns probed by x-ray absorption spectroscopy

In this letter, we have used the extended x-ray-absorption fine-structure (EXAFS) technique to investigate the structure of Mn-rich self-organized nanocolumns grown by low temperature molecular beam epitaxy. The EXAFS analysis has shown that Mn-rich nanocolumns exhibit a complex local structure that cannot be described by a simple substitutional model. Additional interatomic distances had to be considered in the EXAFS model which are in excellent agreement with the structure of a Ge–3Mn building block tetrahedron of Ge3Mn5.
Mobile Phone Data: A Survey of Techniques, Features, and Applications

Due to the rapid growth in the use of smartphones, the digital traces (e.g., mobile phone data, call detail records) left by the use of these devices have been widely employed to assess and predict human communication behaviors and mobility patterns in various disciplines and domains, such as urban sensing, epidemiology, public transportation, data protection, and criminology. These digital traces provide significant spatiotemporal (geospatial and time-related) data, revealing people’s mobility patterns as well as communication (incoming and outgoing calls) data, revealing people’s social networks and interactions. Thus, service providers collect smartphone data by recording the details of every user activity or interaction (e.g., making a phone call, sending a text message, or accessing the internet) done using a smartphone and storing these details on their databases. This paper surveys different methods and approaches for assessing and predicting human communication behaviors and mobility patterns from mobile phone data and differentiates them in terms of their strengths and weaknesses. It also gives information about spatial, temporal, and call characteristics that have been extracted from mobile phone data and used to model how people communicate and move. We survey mobile phone data research published between 2013 and 2021 from eight main databases, namely, the ACM Digital Library, IEEE Xplore, MDPI, SAGE, Science Direct, Scopus, SpringerLink, and Web of Science. Based on our inclusion and exclusion criteria, 148 studies were selected.
Encounters between compact stars and red giants in dense stellar systems

The results of some representative N-body simulations of encounters between a red giant star and a compact object are presented. An overview is given of all the different possible outcomes that can be produced by the encounters. How the numerical data on individual encounters can be used to calculate the binary formation rate in globular clusters is discussed, and it is argued that the usual simple estimates based on the tidal approximation can sometimes give incorrect results. The calculation of probability distributions for the semimajor axes and eccentricities of the binaries that are formed, as a function of globular cluster parameters, is discussed. It is shown that encounters with stars on the subgiant branch might very well lead to the formation of close binaries with large eccentricity, such as those recently reported in 47 Tuc and M15. In addition, the binaries resulting from encounters with stars on the red giant branch could be an important source of heating during the late stages of evolution of a globular cluster. 34 refs.
High-Power Continuous-Wave Ultraviolet Generation by Frequency Doubling of an Argon Laser

Continuous-wave 257-nm coherent light with a power of 1.2 W is generated by using an intracavity frequency doubling argon laser. In the laser resonator, an elliptical focusing technique is employed to minimize the risk of optical damage to a beta barium borate (BBO) nonlinear optical crystal without sacrificing the frequency conversion coefficient.
Etiological Roles of p75NTR in a Mouse Model of Wet Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is a pathological angiogenesis of the choroidal plexus of the retina and is a key feature in the wet form of age-related macular degeneration. Mononuclear phagocytic cells (MPCs) are known to accumulate in the subretinal space, generating a chronic inflammatory state that promotes the growth of the choroidal neovasculature. However, how the MPCs are recruited and activated to promote CNV pathology is not fully understood. Using genetic and pharmacological tools in a mouse model of laser-induced CNV, we demonstrate a role for the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) in the recruitment of MPCs, in glial activation, and in vascular alterations. After laser injury, expression of p75NTR is increased in activated Muller glial cells near the CNV area in the retina and the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE)-choroid. In p75NTR knockout mice (p75NTR KO) with CNV, there is significantly reduced recruitment of MPCs, reduced glial activation, reduced CNV area, and the retinal function is preserved, as compared to wild type mice with CNV. Notably, a single intravitreal injection of a pharmacological p75NTR antagonist in wild type mice with CNV phenocopied the results of the p75NTR KO mice. Our results demonstrate that p75NTR is etiological in the development of CNV.
Adaptive maximum likelihood algorithms for the blind tracking of time-varying multipath channels

Transmissions through multipath channels suffer from Rayleigh fading and intersymbol interference. This can be overcome by sending a (known) training sequence and identifying the channel (active identification). However, in a non-stationary context, the channel model has to be updated by periodically sending the training sequence, thus reducing the transmission rate. We address herein the problem of blind identification, which does not require such a sequence and allows a higher transmission rate. We have first proposed a two-stage algorithm (see Reference 2) for the blind identification of multipath channel. We investigate here the maximum-likelihood approach for the blind estimation of channel parameters. In order to track non-stationary channels, we have derived an adaptive (Kalman) algorithm which directly estimates the entire set of characteristic parameters. An original adaptive estimation of the noise model has been proposed for this investigation. Furthermore, the proposed method can easily cope with a model including Doppler shift, which is not directly possible with more common methods. Monte-Carlo simulations confirm the expected results and demonstrate the performance. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Incipient Wear Detection of Welding Gun Secondary Circuit by Virtual Resistance Sensor Using Mahalanobis Distance

Wear of the secondary of the welding gun, caused by mechanical fatigue or due to a bad parameterization of the welding points, causes an increase in quality problems such as non-existent welds or a reduced weld nugget size. In addition to quality problems, this defect causes production stoppages that affect the final cost of the manufactured part. Different studies have focused on evaluating the importance of different welding parameters, such as current, in the final quality of the welding nugget. However, few studies have focused on preventing weld command parameters from degrading or changing. This investigation seeks to determine the wear of the secondary circuit to avoid variability in the current supplied to the welding point caused by this defect and the increase in circuit resistance, especially in industrial environments. In this work, a virtual sensor is developed to estimate the resistance of the welding arm based on previous research, which has shown the possibility of detecting secondary wear by analysing the duty cycle of the power circuit. From the data of the virtual sensor, an anomaly detection method based on the Mahalanobis distance is developed. Finally, an integral system for detecting secondary wear of welding guns in real production lines is presented. This system establishes performance thresholds based on the analysis of the Mahalanobis distance distribution, allowing monitoring of the secondary circuit wear condition after each welding cycle. The results obtained show how the system can detect incipient wear in welding guns, regardless of which part of the secondary the wear occurs, improving decision-making and reducing quality problems.
Equivalent circuit analysis of an RF integrated ferromagnetic inductor

An RF integrated air-core inductor and a ferromagnetic thin-film inductor having a ferromagnetic film on top of the spiral have been microfabricated. An equivalent circuit of the RF integrated spiral inductor with ferromagnetic film has been derived to analyze the contribution of the permeability of the magnetic film to the inductance of the inductor. The scattering parameters (S-parameters) have been measured to derive the equivalent circuit parameters of the inductors. Using the amorphous Co/sub 85/Nb/sub 12/Zr/sub 3/ film with slots, the inductance increased and the capacitance between the magnetic film and the coil and between the magnetic film and the ground could be neglected up to 5 GHz.