Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Future of Post-Autologous Stem Cell Transplant Therapy for Multiple Myeloma

Multiple myeloma is a plasma cell malignancy characterized by lytic bone disease, monoclonal protein production, and immune dysregulation. For patients eligible for high-dose chemotherapy, the standard of care has been induction therapy with immunomodulatory drugs and/or proteasome inhibitor-based therapy followed by autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT). Despite this approach, nearly all patients eventually relapse and there has therefore been interest in the use of post-ASCT maintenance therapy to prolong disease control and improve survival. Phase III randomized studies have demonstrated that lenalidomide post-ASCT results in improved outcomes. There are less robust data available for the use of bortezomib. Here we review the current literature as well as the ongoing clinical trials pertaining to the use of post-ASCT maintenance therapies for myeloma. We also discuss a variety of novel therapeutic strategies; including monoclonal antibodies, immune checkpoint blockade, and CAR-T cell therapy, which may represent the future of post-ASCT therapy. Multiparametric Flow Cytometry; MPR: Melphalan/ Prednisone/Lenalidomide; MRD: Minimal Residual Disease; PI: Proteasome Inhibitor; OS: Overall Survival; PD-1: Programmed cell Death protein 1; PD-L1: Programmed Death Ligand 1; PFS: Progression Free Survival; RVD: Lenalidomide/Bortezomib/ Dexamethasone; SPM: Second Primary Malignancy; TTP: Time To Progression; HTS: High-throughput Sequencing; VGPR: Very Good Partial Response.
Struggling with alternative descriptions: impaired referential processing in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Background : Children and adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) show a tendency to preferentially rely on those referential descriptions that have previously been used by their conversational partner. However, such a tendency may become maladaptive in a situation of interaction with different partners who may introduce alternative lexical descriptions for the same referent. Methods : Six-year-old children with ASD, as well as mental- and verbal-age-matched typically developing (TD) children moved items on a touch-screen following instructions by an experimenter. During the entrainment phase, the experimenter introduced lexical descriptions for all the items. Then, either the original experimenter or a new partner, depending on the condition, used alternative descriptions for some items and kept the same descriptions for others. Accuracy and time to locate items were collected. Results: Relative to TD children, children with ASD had more difficulty in recognizing and interpreting referential descriptions when another description has been previously used. Whether a new description was introduced by a new or the original experimenter had no effect in any group. Conclusion: Referential processing in ASD is compromised by impaired ability to confront alternative conceptual perspectives. A potential executive source for these difficulties is discussed. effect cannot by entirely attributed to the automatic memory effect and shows that adults expect that new partners will use alternative descriptions rather than maintain precedents
Seasonal pattern of the physical and physiological traits of Brazilian naturalized goats in a semiarid climate

: The aim of this work was to assess seasonal changes of the physical and physiological traits of Naturalized Brazilian goats in semiarid climate using the Canonical Analysis of Principal Coordinates (CAP) statistical technique. It was evaluated 30 adult Canindé and 30 Moxotó goats in the rainy and dry periods. The air temperature (ºC), relative humidity (%) and black globe temperature (ºC) were assessed thus, Radiant Heat Load (W m -2 ) and Black Globe Humidity Index (BGHI) was calculated. The physiological variable as rectal temperature (R T , ºC), respiratory rate (R R , breaths min -1 ), surface temperature (S T , ºC) were recorded from 09:00 to 11:00 am. Furthermore, investigation on hair coat traits (thickness, length, diameter and density) and thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) were performed. Exploratory analysis (Canonic Analysis of Principal Coordinates – CAP) were performed using morphophysiological traits. The results showed that Moxotó and Canindé were separated in two different groups. Levels of T3 and T4 were inversely correlated and responsible for this separation. Canindé goats presented lower concentration of T4 and presented morphological hair coat thickness that tends to present difficulties in the elimination of heat.
Classifying Fake News Articles Using Machine Learning Techniques

: News is important in daily life as it informs our view to the world and in response, we take actions and make choices in various aspects. Gradually, the tendency towards online news is increasing as it is more concise and is available at the finger tips. There has been large generation of deceptive content worldwide that has an effect on the formation of opinions, making decisions and voting trends. Most of the 'fake news' is initially circulated through social media networks such as Twitter, Facebook, and then makes the way into mainstream media outlets such as Radio and TV. The fake news articles share linguistic features such as heavy use of quoted material. In this use case, the results of fake news detection test and the performance of fake news classifiers is discussed. The aim is to build a new fake news detector using classifiers like Logistic Regression, Decision tree classification, Multinomial Naive Bayes classification
Эффективность освоения современных информационных технологий и психологическая защита

This paper analyses the qualitative influence of P.D. on modern informational technologies learning efficacy. Variations in the efficacy are considered dependent on the Psychological Defense mechanisms, preferred by a person. Based on this dependence analysis, a number of recommendations on prevention of undesirable P.D. level excalation are described. These recommendations aim to increase the efficacy of modern information technologies learning.
Target for Prevention of Sepsis Domains Is Essential for Activation and Is a Assembly of the TLR2/6 Transmembrane

TLR2, together with TLR1 and TLR6, is essential for detecting lipopeptides and bacterial cell wall components such as lipoteichoic acid from Gram-positive bacteria. In this study, we report that transmembrane domain (TMD)–derived peptides from TLR2 and TLR6 speciﬁcally inhibit TLR2 activation. Secretion of the cytokines TNF- a and IL-6 by cultured macrophages (RAW264.7 cell line) was inhibited by these peptides in response to TLR2 activation by lipoteichoic acid (TLR2/6 activator) or palmitoyl (3)-Cys-Ser-Lys(4)-OH (TLR2/1 activator) but not by LPS (TLR4 activator). Extensive biophysical and biochemical assays, combined with GALLEX experiments, show that these peptides heterodimerize with their complementary TMDs on their reciprocal protein. These results suggest that TLR2/6/1 TMD assembly is essential for activating this complex. Importantly, when administered to mice inﬂicted by TLR2, but not TLR4-driven lethal inﬂammation, a selected peptide rescued 60% of these septic mice, showing potent in vivo inhibition of TNF- a and IL-6 secretion. Furthermore, this peptide also showed high protection in a whole bacteria model. Owing to the importance of TLR2 regulation under a variety of pathological conditions, compounds that can ﬁne-tune this activity are of great importance. The Journal of Immunology , 2013, 190: 000–000.
CO-EXPRESSION OF INOS AND HSP70 IN DIABETES TYPE 1 MAKES A RATIONAL HYPOTHESIS TO EXPLAIN THE DIABETIC NEUROPATHY

The present study explores the co-expression of iNOS and HSP70 in brains of diabetic rats. Methodology involved induction of diabetes type 1 in rats and carrying out immunohistochemical analysis for both iNOS and Hsp70 in the brain tissues. Results revealed that the levels of HSP70 decreased in diabetes type 1 significantly compared with baseline levels for control groups, while the level of iNOS increased dramatically in brain tissue of diabetic rats. Furthermore, the data of the present study showed similar levels of HSP70 and iNOS at baseline level. The expression and localization of iNOS have both shifted in brain of control group from gray matter to white matter in rat diabetic brain. Conclusions: the imbalance of molecular expression of iNOS and HSP70 offers better molecular environment to facilitate pathogenesis of diabetes and explain partly that the overexpression of iNOS downregulates the expression of HSP70.
A review study for Toxocariasis

Many researchers reported rates of infected dogs with T. canis and cats with Toxocara cati all over the world. The degree of tissue damage in the host and the concomitant elicitation of signs and symptoms are varied in different invaded tissues. The liver, lungs and central nervous system, including the eyes, are considered the most sensitive organs. In addition, the number of migrating juveniles and the age of the host. Inflammation manifests as eosinophilic granulomas. The immediate hypersensitivity responses to dying and dead larvae in the viscera, including the lungs, liver and brain, produce symptoms characteristic of VLM. The current review discusses the Toxocara sp. infection from the historical background, taxonomy, lifecycle, pathogeneses, clinical signs, epidemiology, diagnosis, control and treatment. And provides an overview of existing literature and data on the Toxocaraiasis with their references.
Optimal Disposal Policy in a Hybrid Production System with Manufacturing and Remanufacturing

We address a disposal issue of returned products in a product recovery system where a single product is stocked in order to meet a demand from customers who may return products after usage. Product returns occur randomly and can be accepted for remanufacturing or disposed of depending on the state of the system. We examine the structure of the optimal disposal policy for returned product that utilizes the information of the inventory of both serviceable and remanufacturable products. Numerical study indicates that it can be characterized by a monotonic threshold type of the curve. A disposal is allowed only when the remanufacturable inventory level exceeds a threshold which is the function of the inventory level of serviceable product and it is decreasing as the serviceable inventory level increases. Sensitivity analysis also indicates that the optimal disposal policy and the optimal profit have monotonic properties with respect to system parameters.
Defensin-2 b Antimicrobial Peptide Human the Tracheobronchial Epithelial Cells Induces Activation of Toll-Like Receptor 2 on Human

As pattern recognition receptors capable of eliciting responses to a diverse array of microbial products, Toll-like receptors (TLRs) participate in the activation of host defense mechanisms that protect against infectious pathogens. Given that epithelial cells lie at the interface between the host and its environment, we designed experiments to determine whether human airway epithelial cells express TLRs and respond to TLR agonists. Immunohistochemical labeling of TLR2 in normal human airways revealed TLR2 expression throughout the epithelium, with an apparently higher level of expression on noncolumnar basal epithelial cells. Two-color immunoﬂuorescent labeling of TLR2 and cytokeratins 8 and 15 revealed that TLR2 is coexpressed with the epithelial cell markers. In addition, airway epithelial cells grown at air-liquid interface responded to bacterial lipopeptide in a TLR2-dependent manner with induction of mRNA and protein of the antimicrobial peptide human (cid:1) defensin-2. Stimulation of epithelial cell cultures with lipopeptide resulted in a small and variable reduction of bacteria on the apical surface. Together, these data suggest that TLRs monitor epithelial surfaces to enhance host defense by inducing the production of an antimicrobial peptide. The Journal of Immunology, 2003, 171: 6820–6826.
8–10 Gbit/s full synthesised continuous‐half‐rate reference‐less all‐digital CDR with sub‐harmonic frequency extraction

Continuous-rate all-digital reference-less clock and data recovery (CDR) circuit that utilises a sub-harmonic extraction scheme for wide-range frequency detection is presented. In the proposed CDR, the capture range of the frequency locked loop (FLL) is extended to the tuning range of digital controlled oscillator, thanks to the subharmonic extraction scheme. The frequency errors of FLL in lock state are within the tracking range of CDR loop. The prototype reference-less all-digital CDR, fabricated using a 40 nm CMOS technology, successfully detects 8–10 Gbit/s PRBS 231 − 1 data and produces the recovered clock. The CDR consumes 29 mW from a supply voltage of 1 V for 10 Gbit/s input data. The measured RMS jitter of the recovered clock is 2.24 ps.
Cross-Domain Wi-Fi Sign Language Recognition with GANs

Human gesture recognition based on Channel State Information (CSI) is an important area in human-computer interaction. However, most of the previous works are conducted in the same domain (including environment and user), and in fact, the performance of the gesture classification model trained in the source domain degrades sharply when applied to the target domain. To address this issue, we in this paper propose SignGAN, a cross-domain sign language recognition system based on Wi-Fi. In SignGAN, we introduce a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN)-based domain adaptive network, which can transform real samples from the source domain into the target domain with the style of the target domain, eliminating the influence of specific environments and users. Experimental results show that our system achieves better performance than state-of-the-art solutions in cross-environment and cross-user tests.
Predicting Permissive Mutations That Improve the Fitness of A(H1N1)pdm09 Viruses Bearing the H275Y Neuraminidase Substitution

Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) is the most widely used antiviral for the treatment of influenza infections. Therefore, resistance to oseltamivir is a public health concern. ABSTRACT Oseltamivir-resistant influenza viruses arise due to amino acid mutations in key residues of the viral neuraminidase (NA). These changes often come at a fitness cost; however, it is known that permissive mutations in the viral NA can overcome this cost. This result was observed in former seasonal A(H1N1) viruses in 2007 which expressed the H275Y substitution (N1 numbering) with no apparent fitness cost and lead to widespread oseltamivir resistance. Therefore, this study aims to predict permissive mutations that may similarly enable fit H275Y variants to arise in currently circulating A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses. The first approach in this study utilized in silico analyses to predict potentially permissive mutations. The second approach involved the generation of a virus library which encompassed all possible NA mutations while keeping H275Y fixed. Fit variants were then selected by serially passaging the virus library either through ferrets by transmission or passaging once in vitro. The fitness impact of selected substitutions was further evaluated experimentally. The computational approach predicted three candidate permissive NA mutations which, in combination with each other, restored the replicative fitness of an H275Y variant. The second approach identified a stringent bottleneck during transmission between ferrets; however, three further substitutions were identified which may improve transmissibility. A comparison of fit H275Y variants in vitro and in experimentally infected animals showed a statistically significant correlation in the variants that were positively selected. Overall, this study provides valuable tools and insights into potential permissive mutations that may facilitate the emergence of a fit H275Y A(H1N1)pdm09 variant. IMPORTANCE Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) is the most widely used antiviral for the treatment of influenza infections. Therefore, resistance to oseltamivir is a public health concern. This study is important as it explores the different evolutionary pathways available to current circulating influenza viruses that may lead to widespread oseltamivir resistance. Specifically, this study develops valuable experimental and computational tools to evaluate the fitness landscape of circulating A(H1N1)pmd09 influenza viruses bearing the H275Y mutation. The H275Y substitution is most commonly reported to confer oseltamivir resistance but also leads to loss of virus replication and transmission fitness, which limits its spread. However, it is known from previous influenza seasons that influenza viruses can evolve to overcome this loss of fitness. Therefore, this study aims to prospectively predict how contemporary A(H1N1)pmd09 influenza viruses may evolve to overcome the fitness cost of bearing the H275Y NA substitution, which could result in widespread oseltamivir resistance.
Low-Dose Aspirin Use Among African American Older Adults

Objectives: Existing epidemiologic information shows disparities in low-dose aspirin use by race. This study investigates the frequency, pattern, and correlates of both self- and clinician-prescribed low-dose aspirin use among underserved African Americans aged 55 years and older. Methods: This cross-sectional study conducted a comprehensive evaluation of all over-the-counter and prescribed medications used among 683 African American older adults in South Central Los Angeles, California. Correlation between use of low-dose aspirin and sociodemographic variables, health care continuity, health behaviors, and several major chronic medical conditions were examined. In addition, the use of low-dose aspirin as self prescribed versus clinician prescribed was examined. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to examine correlates of low-dose aspirin use. Results: Overall, 37% of participants were taking low-dose aspirin. Sixty percent of low-dose aspirin users were taking low-dose aspirin as self prescribed and 40% were taking it as prescribed by a clinician. Major aspirin-drug interactions were detected in 75% of participants who used low-dose aspirin, but no signiﬁcant differences in aspirin-drug interactions were found between those who used aspirin as self prescribed and those who used it as clinician prescribed. No negative association between being diagnosed with gastrointestinal conditions and aspirin used was detected. Being diagnosed with diabetes mellitus or a heart condition was associated with higher use of aspirin. However, only 50% with high risk of cardiovascular took prescribed (38%) or self-prescribed (62%) low-dose aspirin. One third of participants aged 70 years and older with low risk of cardiovascular were using aspirin. Conclusions: Among underserved African-American middle-aged and older adults, many who could potentially beneﬁt from aspirin are not taking it; and many taking aspirin have no indication to do so and risk unnecessary side effects. Compared with non-Hispanic Whites, African Americans are more likely to be diagnosed with diabetes, hypertension, and heart conditions at earlier stages of life; as a result, the role of preventive intervention, including safe and appropriate use of low-dose aspirin among this segment of our population, is more salient. Interventional studies are needed to promote safe and effective use of low-dose aspirin among underserved African-American adults. ( J Am Board Fam Med 2021;34:132–143.)
Possible role of left–right asymmetry in the sensory system and behavior during adaptation to food-sparse cave environments

Laterality in relation to behavior and sensory systems is found commonly in a variety of animal taxa. Despite the advantages conferred by laterality (e.g., the startle response and complex motor activities), little is known about the evolution of laterality and its plasticity in response to ecological demands. In the present study, a comparative study model, the Mexican tetra (Astyanax mexicanus), composed of two morphotypes, i.e., riverine surface fish and caved-welling cavefish, was used to address the relationship between environment and laterality. The use of a machine learning-based fish posture detection system and sensory ablation revealed that the left cranial lateral line significantly supports one type of foraging behavior, i.e., vibration attraction behavior, in one cave population. Additionally, left–right asymmetric approaches toward a vibrating rod became symmetrical after fasting in one cave population but not in the other populations. Based on these findings, we propose a model explaining how the observed sensory laterality and behavioral shift could help adaptations in terms of the tradeoff in energy gain and loss during foraging according to differences in food availability among caves.
Katdetectr: utilising unsupervised changepoint analysis for robust kataegis detection

Motivation: 21 Kataegis refers to the occurrence of regional hypermutation in cancer genomes and is a 22 phenomenon that has been observed in a wide range of malignancies. Robust detection of 23 kataegis is necessary to advance research regarding the origins and clinical impact of 24 kataegis. Multiple kataegis detection packages are publicly available; however, the 25 performance of their respective approaches have not been evaluated extensively. Here, we 26 introduce katdetectr, an R-based, open-source, computationally fast, and robust package 27 for the detection, characterisation and visualisation of kataegis. 28 Results: 29 The performance of katdetectr and five publicly available packages for kataegis detection 30 were evaluated using an in-house generated synthetic dataset and an a priori labelled pan- 31 cancer dataset of whole genome sequenced malignancies. The performance evaluation 32 revealed that katdetectr has the highest accuracy and normalized Matthews Correlation 33 Coefficient for kataegis classification on both the synthetic and the a priori labelled dataset. 34 Katdetectr is in particularly more robust for kataegis detection within samples with a high 35 tumour mutational burden. 36 calling formats (MAF and VCF) as well as standard Bioconductor classes (GRanges and VRanges). Katdetectr segments genomic variants utilising unsupervised changepoint detection and the Pruned Exact Linear Time search algorithm. Kataegis foci are flagged based on the historical definition, namely that a kataegis 41 foci is a continuous segment harbouring ≥6 variants and has a mean intermutation distance 42 ≤1000 bp. Additionally, the implementation of changepoint detection utilised by katdetectr 43 results in fast computation. Furthermore, katdetectr is available on Bioconductor which 44 ensures reliability, and operability on common operating systems (Windows, macOS and 45 Linux). Katdetectr is available on Bioconductor at GitHub