Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Emotion recognition of social media users based on deep learning

Issues with sentiment analysis in social media include neglecting the long-distance semantic link of emotional features, failing to capture the feature words with emotional hue effectively, and depending excessively on manual annotation. This research provides a user emotion recognition model to achieve the emotional analysis of microblog public opinion events. Three types of inspiring text, “joy,” “anger,” and “sadness,” are obtained by the data collecting and data preprocessing of micro-blog public opinion event comment text. Then, an algorithm using the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) model, emotion dictionary, and manual annotation is created to extract emotional feature words. The captured motivational text is converted into a word vector using Word2vec. After gathering the long-distance semantic data with bidirectional long short-term memories (BiLSTM) and convolutional neural networks (CNN) extract the text’s key characteristics to finish the emotion categorization. The test results demonstrate an average increase in F1 value of 3.66 percent for six machine learning models and an average increase in F1 value of 1.84 percent for seven deep learning models. The suggested model performs better at identifying the emotions of social media users than the current machine learning and deep learning methods.
Numerical methods in search path planning

The detection search problem is the identification of search paths for a specified time interval (0,T), so that the expected number of surviving targets at time T is minimized. The problem can be solved in real time only when the two major procedures, namely estimation of target posterior distribution and evaluation of optimal controls (search path planning) based on this posterior target distribution, can be done online. The path-planning problem is difficult since the state space is infinite-dimensional. The authors introduce a discrete space-time model to which the ordered search algorithm in artificial intelligence graph search theory (with proper modification) can be applied. The algorithm not only stops at the (or an) optimal path but also expands far fewer nodes than an exhaustive search. <<ETX>>
Query sampler: generating query sets for analyzing search engines using keyword research tools

Search engine queries are the starting point for studies in different fields, such as health or political science. These studies usually aim to make statements about social phenomena. However, the queries used in the studies are often created rather unsystematically and do not correspond to actual user behavior. Therefore, the evidential value of the studies must be questioned. We address this problem by developing an approach (query sampler) to sample queries from commercial search engines, using keyword research tools designed to support search engine marketing. This allows us to generate large numbers of queries related to a given topic and derive information on how often each keyword is searched for, that is, the query volume. We empirically test our approach with queries from two published studies, and the results show that the number of queries and total search volume could be considerably expanded. Our approach has a wide range of applications for studies that seek to draw conclusions about social phenomena using search engine queries. The approach can be applied flexibly to different topics and is relatively straightforward to implement, as we provide the code for querying Google Ads API. Limitations are that the approach needs to be tested with a broader range of topics and thoroughly checked for problems with topic drift and the role of close variants provided by keyword research tools.
Vertical Displacements Induced by Quasi-Stationary Waves in the Southern Hemisphere Stratosphere during Spring

Abstract Vertical displacements induced by the quasi-stationary wave with wavenumber 1 (QSW1) in the Southern Hemisphere stratosphere during spring are studied. The displacement exhibits two amplitude maxima located in the upper and lower stratosphere with a phase change of 180° between the two regions. Ozone mixing ratio and temperature wave signatures are explained by the wave-induced displacement in the presence of mean vertical gradients. The QSW1 induces radiative diabatic forcing in the upper stratosphere that results in a cross-isentropic ozone transport. Correlation between vertical displacement at different levels and total ozone indicates that total ozone is directly connected to the displacement in the lower stratosphere. The displacement extends to the tropopause and results in a correlation between total ozone and the tropopause height, but with smaller values. Relative deviation between reconstructed potential vorticity (PV) by using a high-resolution model and PV from observations indicates.
Frequency, Characteristics, and Risk Factors for Falls at an Inpatient Cancer Rehabilitation Unit

PURPOSE Falls in the hospital can lead to adverse events, including injuries. Studies have shown that patients with cancer and those undergoing inpatient rehabilitation (IPR) are at higher risk for falls. Therefore, we measured the frequency, degree of harm, and characteristics of patients who fell in an inpatient cancer rehabilitation unit. METHODS A retrospective review was conducted on inpatient cancer rehabilitation patients admitted from January 2012 to February 2016. Fall frequency, degree of harm, fall circumstances, cancer type, patient's fall risk score on the basis of the MD Anderson Cancer Center Adult Inpatient Fall Risk Assessment Tool (MAIFRAT), length of stay, and risk factors were evaluated for patients. RESULTS There were 72 out of 1,571 unique individual falls (4.6%), with a falls incidence of 3.76 falls per 1,000 patient-days. Most fallers (86%) suffered no harm. Risk factors for falls included presence of patient-controlled analgesia pump (P = .03), pump such as insulin or wound vacuum-assisted closure (P < .01), nasogastric, gastric, or chest tube (P = .05), and higher MAIFRAT score (P < .01). The fallers were younger (62 v 66; P = .04), had a longer IPR stay (13 v 9; P = .03), and had a lower Charlson comorbidity index (6 v 8; P < .01). CONCLUSION The frequency and degree of harm for falls in the IPR unit were less than previous studies, which suggests that mobilization for these patients with cancer is safe. The presence of certain medical devices may contribute to fall risk, and more research is needed to better prevent falls in this higher-risk subgroup.
Individualized orthotic alignment and footwear for balance and mobility in children with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy: A randomized trial

To examine whether designed‐to‐be‐rigid ankle–foot orthoses and footwear combinations with individualized alignment and footwear designs (AFO‐FC/IAFD) would be more effective than designed‐to‐be‐rigid AFO with non‐individualized alignment and footwear designs (AFO‐FC/NAFD) in children with cerebral palsy (CP).
Long-range Propagation, Interaction, and Dissipation of Small-Scale Gravity Waves in the Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere

A 2-D nonlinear, compressible numerical model [Snively and Pasko, 2008] is used in conjunction with ray-theory to investigate the long-range propagation, dissipation and interaction of small-scale gravity waves in the Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere (MLT) region. The research in this thesis is made up of three distinct studies which build upon each other. The first investigates the thermospheric dissipation of three gravity wave packets representing: (1) A quasi-monochromatic packet, (2) A monochromatic, steady state wave, and (3) A spectrally broad packet, as well as an initial condition specified packet. It is found that dissipation due to molecular viscosity and thermal conduction acts to decrease the vertical wavelength of the packet in time (except in the steady-state case, when it remains constant). This is due to the higher frequencies (longer wavelengths) reaching the thermsophere first and dissipating before the lower frequencies (shorter wavelengths), thus the spectral content of the packet shifts from higher frequencies (longer wavelengths) to lower frequencies (shorter wavelengths) in time. At any instant of time, the vertical wavelength increases with altitude in the thermosphere when the wave has reached a steady state. The second study investigated the potential for long-range propagation of three small-scale wave packets under averaged high latitude conditions. The three packets were chosen to represent wave parameters typically observed over Halley, Antarctica [Nielsen et al., 2009, 2012] and ones that may be considered favorable for long-range propagation [Snively , 2013]. It was found that the stratosphere provides an efficient region of the atmosphere to trap waves and allow them to propagate large horizontal distances. Ducting in the mesosphere was less likely when considering averaged meridional winds, and it is suggested that waves observed in the mesopause, far from
Spatiotemporal features of neurovascular (un)coupling with stimulus-induced activity and hypercapnia challenge in cerebral cortex and olfactory bulb

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is traditionally considered as metabolic waste, yet its regulation is critical for brain function. It is well accepted that hypercapnia initiates vasodilation, but its effect on neuronal activity is less clear. Distinguishing how stimulus- and CO2-induced vasodilatory responses are (dis)associated with neuronal activity has profound clinical and experimental relevance. We used an optical method in mice to simultaneously image fluorescent calcium (Ca2+) transients from neurons and reflectometric hemodynamic signals during brief sensory stimuli (i.e., hindpaw, odor) and CO2 exposure (i.e., 5%). Stimuli-induced neuronal and hemodynamic responses swiftly increased within locally activated regions exhibiting robust neurovascular coupling. However, hypercapnia produced slower global vasodilation which was temporally uncoupled to neuronal deactivation. With trends consistent across cerebral cortex and olfactory bulb as well as data from GCaMP6f/jRGECO1a mice (i.e., green/red Ca2+ fluorescence), these results unequivocally reveal that stimuli and CO2 generate comparable vasodilatory responses but contrasting neuronal responses. In summary, observations of stimuli-induced regional neurovascular coupling and CO2-induced global neurovascular uncoupling call for careful appraisal when using CO2 in gas mixtures to affect vascular tone and/or neuronal excitability, because CO2 is both a potent vasomodulator and a neuromodulator.
An Air–Sea Interaction Theory for Tropical Cyclones. Part II: Evolutionary Study Using a Nonhydrostatic Axisymmetric Numerical Model

Abstract In Part I of this study an analytical model for a steady-state tropical cyclone is constructed on the assumption that boundary-layer air parcels are conditionally neutral to displacements along the angular momentum surfaces of the hurricane vortex. The reversible thermodynamics implied by this assumption allows the mature storm to be thought of as a simple Carnot engine, acquiring heat at the high-temperature ocean surface and losing heat near the low-temperature tropopause. Although the oceanic heat source is universally recognized as the sine qua non for the mature hurricane, there is also wide acceptance of conditional instability of the second kind (CISK) (which makes no specific reference to surface heat fluxes) as the formative mechanism. This ambivalence is seen in that all numerical-simulation studies find it essential to have transfer from the ocean surface yet all start from a conditionally unstable atmosphere. The hypothesis put forward in Part I, based on the steady-state theory, is t.
Knowledge graph embedding for profiling the interaction between transcription factors and their target genes

Interactions between transcription factor and target gene form the main part of gene regulation network in human, which are still complicating factors in biological research. Specifically, for nearly half of those interactions recorded in established database, their interaction types are yet to be confirmed. Although several computational methods exist to predict gene interactions and their type, there is still no method available to predict them solely based on topology information. To this end, we proposed here a graph-based prediction model called KGE-TGI and trained in a multi-task learning manner on a knowledge graph that we specially constructed for this problem. The KGE-TGI model relies on topology information rather than being driven by gene expression data. In this paper, we formulate the task of predicting interaction types of transcript factor and target genes as a multi-label classification problem for link types on a heterogeneous graph, coupled with solving another link prediction problem that is inherently related. We constructed a ground truth dataset as benchmark and evaluated the proposed method on it. As a result of the 5-fold cross experiments, the proposed method achieved average AUC values of 0.9654 and 0.9339 in the tasks of link prediction and link type classification, respectively. In addition, the results of a series of comparison experiments also prove that the introduction of knowledge information significantly benefits to the prediction and that our methodology achieve state-of-the-art performance in this problem.
Comparison of survival for metastatic pancreatic cancer patients treated with CPI‐613 versus resected borderline‐resectable pancreatic cancer patients

Treatment of advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma remains suboptimal. Therapeutic agents with a novel mechanism of action are desperately needed; one such novel agent is CPI‐613 targets. We here analyze the outcomes of 20 metastatic pancreatic cancer patients treated with CPI‐613 and FOLFIRINOX in our institution and evaluate their outcomes to borderline‐resectable patients treated with curative surgery.
The linear complementarity problem: Methods and applications

This report gives an overview of the linear complementarity problem, as a special case of mathematical programming with equilibrium constraints. The interior point method and two versions of Lemke’s method are reviewed, as methods for solving the linear complementarity problem. The report concludes with a description of the Stackelberg game and the bimatrix game as possible applications of mathematical programming with equilibrium constraints and the linear complementarity problem, and also considers LemkeHowson’s algorithm for solving the bimatrix game.
Genomic conservation of crop wild relatives: A case study of citrus

Conservation of crop wild relatives is critical for plant breeding and food security. The lack of clarity on the genetic factors that lead to endangered status or extinction create difficulties when attempting to develop concrete recommendations for conserving a citrus wild relative: the wild relatives of crops. Here, we evaluate the conservation of wild kumquat (Fortunella hindsii) using genomic, geographical, environmental, and phenotypic data, and forward simulations. Genome resequencing data from 73 accessions from the Fortunella genus were combined to investigate population structure, demography, inbreeding, introgression, and genetic load. Population structure was correlated with reproductive type (i.e., sexual and apomictic) and with a significant differentiation within the sexually reproducing population. The effective population size for one of the sexually reproducing subpopulations has recently declined to ~1,000, resulting in high levels of inbreeding. In particular, we found that 58% of the ecological niche overlapped between wild and cultivated populations and that there was extensive introgression into wild samples from cultivated populations. Interestingly, the introgression pattern and accumulation of genetic load may be influenced by the type of reproduction. In wild apomictic samples, the introgressed regions were primarily heterozygous, and genome-wide deleterious variants were hidden in the heterozygous state. In contrast, wild sexually reproducing samples carried a higher recessive deleterious burden. Furthermore, we also found that sexually reproducing samples were self-incompatible, which prevented the reduction of genetic diversity by selfing. Our population genomic analyses provide specific recommendations for distinct reproductive types and monitoring during conservation. This study highlights the genomic landscape of a wild relative of citrus and provides recommendations for the conservation of crop wild relatives.
Neural networks for BEM analysis of steady viscous flows

This paper presents a new neural network‐boundary integral approach for analysis of steady viscous fluid flows. Indirect radial basis function networks (IRBFNs) which perform better than element‐based methods for function interpolation, are introduced into the BEM scheme to represent the variations of velocity and traction along the boundary from the nodal values. In order to assess the effect of IRBFNs, the other features used in the present work remain the same as those used in the standard BEM. For example, Picard‐type scheme is utilized in the iterative procedure to deal with the non‐linear convective terms while the calculation of volume integrals and velocity gradients are based on the linear finite element‐based method. The proposed IRBFN‐BEM is verified on the driven cavity viscous flow problem and can achieve a moderate Reynolds number of 1400 using a relatively coarse uniform mesh. The results obtained such as the velocity profiles along the horizontal and vertical centrelines as well as the properties of the primary vortex are in very good agreement with the benchmark solution. Furthermore, the secondary vortices are also captured by the present method. Thus, it appears that an ability to represent the boundary solution accurately can significantly improve the overall solution accuracy of the BEM. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bayesian Investigation of Principal Components Using Mixture Priors

Bayesian approach for principal component analysis (PCA) is a novel method to determine the number of dimensionality through using different prior probabilities. In common strategy one often equally selects variances for the columns of mapping matrix by using the mixture priors. In this article, we generalize this approach by using the mixture priors with different variances in multivariate normal distribution. Further, we employ an orthogonal transformation to convert a set of observations of possibly correlated variables into a set of values of linearly uncorrelated variables. Estimations of principal component and number of effective dimensionality are performed via Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm.
Clinical index to quantify the 1-year risk for common postpartum mental disorders at the time of delivery (PMH CAREPLAN): development and internal validation

Background Common postpartum mental health (PMH) disorders such as depression and anxiety are preventable, but determining individual-level risk is difficult. Aims To create and internally validate a clinical risk index for common PMH disorders. Method Using population-based health administrative data in Ontario, Canada, comprising sociodemographic, clinical and health service variables easily collectible from hospital birth records, we developed and internally validated a predictive model for common PMH disorders and converted the final model into a risk index. We developed the model in 75% of the cohort (n = 152 362), validating it in the remaining 25% (n = 75 772). Results The 1-year prevalence of common PMH disorders was 6.0%. Independently associated variables (forming the mnemonic PMH CAREPLAN) that made up the risk index were: (P) prenatal care provider; (M) mental health diagnosis history and medications during pregnancy; (H) psychiatric hospital admissions or emergency department visits; (C) conception type and complications; (A) apprehension of newborn by child services (newborn taken into care); (R) region of maternal origin; (E) extremes of gestational age at birth; (P) primary maternal language; (L) lactation intention; (A) maternal age; (N) number of prenatal visits. In the index (scored 0–39), 1-year common PMH disorder risk ranged from 1.5 to 40.5%. Discrimination (C-statistic) was 0.69 in development and validation samples; the 95% confidence interval of expected risk encompassed observed risk for all scores in development and validation samples, indicating adequate risk index calibration. Conclusions Individual-level risk of developing a common postpartum mental health disorder can be estimated with data feasibly collectable from birth records. Next steps are external validation and evaluation of various cut-off scores for their utility in guiding postpartum individuals to interventions that reduce their risk of illness.
Prolonged thermocline warming by near-inertial internal waves in the wakes of tropical cyclones

Significance Powerful winds under tropical cyclones (TCs) mix thermal gradients in the upper ocean and thereby transfer heat down into the thermocline. Anomalous thermocline heat supplied by TC-driven mixing is eventually released back into the atmosphere, but whether subsequent impacts to climate are local or remote depends on the depth at which TCs deposit these warm anomalies. We use shipboard observations to demonstrate how near-inertial internal waves (NIWs) generated by TCs drive mixing that transfers ocean heat down across the thermocline weeks after TC passage. The magnitude of heat fluxes associated with NIWs suggests that this mechanism must be accounted for when assessing the impacts of TCs on ocean heat storage and climate.
A scarcity literature mischaracterized with an empirical audit

O’Donnell et al. (“ODAL”) (1) claim to audit the “scarcity literature” through a series of replications. We applaud the paper’s goals, but have found many serious issues, raising questions about its conclusions. Notably, the paper fails as an audit of the scarcity literature. i) It includes studies that are not about resource scarcity (or even about scarcity at all). ii) It fails to implement its own selection criteria. iii) It contains analysis errors. iv) Several replications are untrue to the original studies. These issues in ODAL’s original article affect at least 10 out of 20 studies (see Fig. 1; for detailed discussion, see ref. 2). To be clear, we are not asserting that this is an exhaustive list. Quite the opposite. The shockingly high rate of problems already uncovered suggests that there are likely more errors in the audit that we did not catch (but authors of the original studies might identify). Surprisingly—and unfortunately—ODAL’s Correction continues to ignore nearly all of these concerns. These issues are profoundly problematic, casting doubt on the rigor of the entire audit. They cannot be addressed by rhetoric alone.