Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
R-Opitools - An Opinion Analytical Tool for Big Digital Text Document (DTD)

Since the year 2000, various computational intelligence techniques have been developed for analyzing sentiments of users in the field of natural language processing (NLP). To date, the majority of the techniques as deployed across various fields, including social sciences (Ansari et al., 2020; Nikolovska & Ekblom, 2020; Somasundaran & Wiebe, 2010) and market research (Al-Otaibi et al., 2018; Feldman et al., 2011), have focused largely on detecting subjectivity, and/or extracting and classifying sentiments and opinions in a text document. Building on this existing work, the current paper advances an opinion impact analytical tool, named Opitools, that not only extracts inherent themes from within a digital text document (DTD), but also evaluates the extent to which a specified theme may have contributed to the overall opinions expressed by the document. Based on this advancement, Opitools has wider applications in the aforementioned application fields. For example, in law enforcement, the package can be deployed to understand factors (themes) that drive public perception of police services (Adepeju & Jimoh, 2021); and in product marketing, to identify factors that underlie customers satisfaction in a product.
Characterization of MgO calcined from Mg(OH)2 produced from reject brine

© 2016 International Committee of the SCMT conferences. All rights reserved. Reactive magnesia (MgO) has received attention as a cement binder due to the lower calcination temperatures used during its production and its ability to absorb and store CO2 permanently. While a majority of the MgO is produced from the calcination of magnesium carbonate, an alternative route involves its extraction from reject brine, a concentrated by-product obtained from treating brackish water or seawater in desalination plants. Brine is preferred for the recovery of MgO due to its local global abundance and its high Mg2+ content. The proposed process involves the synthesis of Mg(OH)2 from waste brine collected from a desalination plant via the addition of different amounts of aqueous ammonia (NH3H2O). The results include the determination of an optimum amount of NH3H2Ofor a high reaction rate, leading to the synthesis of a high amount of pure Mg(OH)2. The obtained Mg(OH)2 was then calcined to produce MgO at different temperatures (500-700°C) and durations (2-48 hours). The morphologies of the synthesized Mg(OH)2 plates and MgO particles produced under a range of conditions were investigated in detail, indicating the feasibility of MgO production from waste brine and highlighting the factors influencing the properties of the final product.
A Review on Smart Traffic Management System

Traffic congestion could be a condition in transport where it has huge crowds, slows the speed of vehicles and even it increases the vehicular lengths. Traffic congestion on city road networks has increased rapidly, since the 1950s. When the traffic demand is great then the interaction between the vehicles reduces the speed of the traffic and finally results in traffic congestion. To overcome such circumstances in present scenario, smart traffic management system can be initiated and we are in study to find a solution to make traffic free city. This system helps in monitoring the traffic signals and flow of vehicles by means of image processing with CCTV cameras. CCTV cameras help in image processing and identifying the number of vehicles passing in the road surface. It helps in abating the traffic congestion in the road and fuel consumption of the automobiles. Sensors are used for detecting the number of vehicles and speed. By coordinating the CCTV cameras and sensors the collected information can be sent to Variable Message Sign (VMS) Boards. This board displays the information regarding traffic to the road users. It helps in diverting and altering the roads at the earliest where the waiting time is reduced. Though the waiting time is reduced, fuel is consumed automatically. Therefore, reduction in the fuel consumption helps to control the air pollution. By creating the control system and detecting the problems faced in the road, traffic congestion can be reduced and provide traffic free environment. As we face rapid growth of our country’s population, smart traffic management system provides people to have smooth transportation network which would find a way to reach their destination soon and make their journey better forever.
Exploring accumulation-mode H2SO4 versus SO2 stratospheric sulfate geoengineering in a sectional aerosol–chemistry–climate model

Abstract. Stratospheric sulfate geoengineering (SSG) could contribute to avoiding some of the adverse impacts of climate change. We used the SOCOL-AER global aerosol–chemistry–climate model to investigate 21 different SSG scenarios, each with 1.83 Mt S yr−1 injected either in the form of accumulation-mode H2SO4 droplets (AM H2SO4), gas-phase SO2 or as combinations of both. For most scenarios, the sulfur was continuously emitted at an altitude of 50 hPa (≈20 km) in the tropics and subtropics. We assumed emissions to be zonally and latitudinally symmetric around the Equator. The spread of emissions ranged from 3.75∘ S–3.75∘ N to 30∘ S–30∘ N. In the SO2 emission scenarios, continuous production of tiny nucleation-mode particles results in increased coagulation, which together with gaseous H2SO4 condensation, produces coarse-mode particles. These large particles are less effective for backscattering solar radiation and have a shorter stratospheric residence time than AM H2SO4 particles. On average, the stratospheric aerosol burden and corresponding all-sky shortwave radiative forcing for the AM H2SO4 scenarios are about 37 % larger than for the SO2 scenarios. The simulated stratospheric aerosol burdens show a weak dependence on the latitudinal spread of emissions. Emitting at 30∘ N–30∘ S instead of 10∘ N–10∘ S only decreases stratospheric burdens by about 10 %. This is because a decrease in coagulation and the resulting smaller particle size is roughly balanced by faster removal through stratosphere-to-troposphere transport via tropopause folds. Increasing the injection altitude is also ineffective, although it generates a larger stratospheric burden, because enhanced condensation and/or coagulation leads to larger particles, which are less effective scatterers. In the case of gaseous SO2 emissions, limiting the sulfur injections spatially and temporally in the form of point and pulsed emissions reduces the total global annual nucleation, leading to less coagulation and thus smaller particles with increased stratospheric residence times. Pulse or point emissions of AM H2SO4 have the opposite effect: they decrease the stratospheric aerosol burden by increasing coagulation and only slightly decrease clear-sky radiative forcing. This study shows that direct emission of AM H2SO4 results in higher radiative forcing for the same sulfur equivalent mass injection strength than SO2 emissions, and that the sensitivity to different injection strategies varies for different forms of injected sulfur.
Which One is Happier? Psychological Well-Being Level of Students with Disabilities in Special or Inclusive Schools

This research aims to prove the differences in psychological well-being (PWB) between students with disabilities in special and inclusive schools. This research is using the quantitative comparative method. The subjects are 69 students with disabilities from special schools and inclusive schools in Surabaya. This study focuses on students with disabilities such as deafness, hearing loss, physical disabilities, and other types of disabilities. The PWB level of each student is measured using Ryff’s multidimensional scales. The Mann-Whitney U analysis finds if the PWB level of students with disabilities in inclusive schools is higher than in special schools. The score of each dimension shows that purpose in life is the dimension with the highest average score in inclusive schools. Meanwhile, personal growth is the dimension with the highest average score in special schools. However, autonomy is the dimension with the lowest average score both in special schools and inclusive schools.
Evidence of dynamic-Ron degradation on low-dose 60Co gamma radiation AlGaN/GaN HEMTs

Wide band gap semiconductors are expected to be the future technology for power semiconductors that can enable the reduction of power consumption in many applications. But, in order to use these materials, it is necessary to study their reliability. Regarding its possible use in radioactive environments, it is essential to know the response of HEMT structures based on GaN under radiation. This paper is focused on the study of the effects of gamma radiation on dynamic performance of commercial GaN HEMTs. A test campaign was performed to detect variations on dynamic on-resistance induced by irradiation, due to the relevance of dynamic resistance behavior in power switching converters. This study demonstrates an increase of the dynamic resistance in MISHEMTs structures when they are under gamma radiation together with a voltage stress in the drain region. This increase takes place especially after a hard-switching transition due to the hot-electron effect that takes place during the switching events and can not only lead to an increase of the power losses, but also a reduction in the life time of the device due to the permanent degradation that could be induced by the hot-electron effect.
Processing BGC-Argo pH data at the DAC level

Seawater proton concentration is a master variable that controls the air-sea gas exchange of CO2, the ability of organisms to produce calcium carbonate shells, and that tracks the production and respiration of organic carbon as CO2 is removed or added to water by biological processes. The proton concentration in seawater [H+] (mol kg-seawater-1) is typically reported as the pH = -log10 [H+]. The in situ proton concentration ranges from about 3 to 30 nmol kg-seawater-1 (7.5 pH 8.5). Seawater pH is measured from profiling floats using a Deep-Sea DuraFET pH sensor that is manufactured at MBARI (Johnson et al., 2016) or at Sea-Bird Scientific (Float pH). The core of each sensor is an Ion Sensitive Field Effect Transistor (ISFET), produced by Honeywell, that responds to proton activity and a Ag/AgCl reference electrode that responds to chloride ion activity. When properly calibrated, the sensor measures the activity of HCl, which is the product of the activities of the two ions aH+ × aCl- (Martz et al., 2010).
Hypocenter Hotspots Illuminated Using a New Cross‐Correlation‐Based Hypocenter and Centroid Relocation Method

Accurate earthquake locations are important for understanding earthquake processes. Recent advances in earthquake relocation methods have resulted in relative centroid locations with smaller uncertainties using cross‐correlation‐based methods. However, relative hypocenter locations, which are traditionally determined using the onset times of event waveforms, generally possess larger uncertainties than that of the centroids. Here, we develop a new cross‐correlation‐based relative hypocenter relocation method based on the network correlation coefficient method, whereby we incorporate an additional step to search for a suitable window to cross‐correlate the event waveform onsets. We then perform a joint inversion on the obtained relative hypocenter and centroid locations to directly compare their relative locations under a unified coordinate. We apply this method to three regions where repeating earthquakes have been detected, and reveal both the repetitive rupture of similar centroids by these repeating events and newly illuminated hypocenter hotspots that serve as the onset region of earthquakes that grow into different but selective magnitudes. Our joint analysis of hypocenter and centroid locations enables quick estimations of rupture propagation directions without the need to perform slip inversion analyses. We estimate the location uncertainties via bootstrapping, with the 95% confidence intervals yielding sub‐100 m horizontal uncertainties in both the centroid and hypocenter locations with the best station coverage and event availability. These results point to limited but existing correspondence between the hypocenter and centroid locations and the earthquake magnitudes, as well as complexity in the hypocenter distributions, even within repeating earthquake sequences whose rupture areas largely overlap.
Relationship between miR-204 and ANGPTL2 expression and diagnosis, pathological stage, and prognosis in patients with colon cancer

Background Angiopoietin-like protein 2 (ANGPTL2) is linked to various tumors. MicroRNA-204 (miR-204) is associated with colorectal cancer (CRC). Bioinformatic analysis has demonstrated a targeting relationship between miR-204 and ANGPTL2. The present study aimed to investigate the role of miR-204 in the proliferation and apoptosis of colorectal tumor cells. Methods Colorectal tumor tissues were collected. Normal colon mucosa was used as a control. The relationship between miR-204 and ANGPTL2 expression and tumor stage and prognosis was analyzed. The dual-luciferase reporter assay confirmed targeted regulation between miR-204 and ANGPTL2. SW480 cells were allocated to the miR-NC group and the miR-204 mimic group, followed by apoptotic analysis using flow cytometry and cellular proliferation analysis using EdU staining. Results Compared with normal colonic mucosa, miR-204 expression was decreased in colorectal tumor tissues and ANGPTL2 expression was increased, which correlated with TNM staging. The prognosis of patients with low miR-204 expression and high ANGPTL2 expression was worse than for patients with high miR-204 expression and low ANGPTL2 expression. The dual-luciferase reporter assay confirmed a targeting regulation relationship between miR-204 and ANGPTL2. Transfection of miR-204 mimic significantly inhibited the expression of ANGPTL2 and cell proliferation in SW480 cells and promoted apoptosis. Conclusions Downregulating miR-204 expression plays a vital role in upregulating ANGPTL2 expression and promoting the pathogenesis of CRC. MiR-204 is able to hinder the proliferation of colorectal tumor cells and encourage apoptosis by targeting the inhibition of ANGPTL2 expression.
Numerical and experimental study on a modified Savonius rotor with guide blades

ABSTRACT Presently Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines are used extensively for generation of electricity from wind. These turbines are not preferred in regions where the wind speed is low and/or wind direction changes continuously. Also, these turbines are not suitable for urban areas where wind turbulence is high and land availability is low. The Savonius wind turbine is a drag-driven Vertical Axis Wind Turbine, which is simple in design and easy to fabricate. Savonius wind turbines have much lower efficiency compared with other lift- driven wind turbines. The present study focuses on increasing the efficiency of Savonius rotor by considering some modifications in the conventional profile of it and placing guide blades around it. Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) analysis was conducted for selecting guide blades and predicting the performance of the turbine. An experimental study was conducted with the turbine having proposed modifications, and the results of CFD analysis were validated. The maximum power coefficient obtained from the study is 28%. It was established from the study that guide vanes help to reduce negative torque resulting in increased efficiency. Turbines with proposed modifications can be used even in regions where wind speed is low and turbulence is high.
Blood Pharming – eine realistische Option?

Zusammenfassung Die Bluttransfusion ist ein wesentlicher und unersetzlicher Teil der modernen Medizin. Jedoch stellt vor allem bei Patienten mit sehr seltenen Blutgruppenkonstellationen der Mangel an Blutprodukten auch heute noch ein wichtiges Gesundheitsproblem weltweit dar. Um diesem Problem entgegenzutreten, versucht man seit einiger Zeit künstlich rote Blutzellen zu generieren. Diese haben potenzielle Vorteile gegenüber Spenderblut, wie z. B. ein verringertes Risiko für die Übertragung von Infektionskrankheiten. Diese Übersicht fasst die aktuellen Entwicklungen über den Prozess der Erythropoese, die Expansionsstrategien der erythrozytären Zellen, der verschiedenen Quellen für ex vivo expandierte Erythrozyten, die Hürden für die klinische Anwendung und die zukünftigen Möglichkeiten der Anwendung zusammen.
Self-Supervised End-to-End ASR for Low Resource L2 Swedish

Unlike traditional (hybrid) Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR), end-to-end ASR systems simplify the training procedure by directly mapping acoustic features to sequences of graphemes or characters, thereby eliminating the need for specialized acoustic, language, or pronunciation models. However, one drawback of end-to-end ASR systems is that they require more training data than conventional ASR systems to achieve similar word error rate (WER). This makes it difﬁcult to develop ASR systems for tasks where transcribed target data is limited such as developing ASR for Second Language (L2) speakers of Swedish. Nonetheless, recent advancements in self-supervised acoustic learning, manifested in wav2vec models [1, 2, 3], leverage the available untranscribed speech data to provide compact acoustic representation that can achieve low WER when incorporated in end-to-end systems. To this end, we experiment with several monolingual and cross-lingual self-supervised acoustic models to develop end-to-end ASR system for L2 Swedish. Even though our test is very small, it indicates that these systems are competitive in performance with traditional ASR pipeline. Our best model seems to reduce the WER by 7% relative to our traditional ASR baseline trained on the same target data.
Automated Surface Defect Inspection Based on Autoencoders and Fully Convolutional Neural Networks

This study aims to develop a novel automated computer vision algorithm for quality inspection of surfaces with complex patterns. The proposed algorithm is based on both an autoencoder (AE) and a fully convolutional neural network (FCN). The AE is adopted for the self-generation of templates from test targets for defect detection. Because the templates are produced from the test targets, the position alignment issues for the matching operations between templates and test targets can be alleviated. The FCN is employed for the segmentation of a template into a number of coherent regions. Because the AE has the limitation that its capacities for the regeneration of each coherent region in the template may be different, the segmentation of the template by FCN is beneficial for allowing the inspection of each region to be independently carried out. In this way, more accurate detection results can be achieved. Experimental results reveal that the proposed algorithm has the advantages of simplicity for training data collection, high accuracy for defect detection, and high flexibility for online inspection. The proposed algorithm is therefore an effective alternative for the automated inspection in smart factories with a growing demand for the reliability for high quality production.
Tropical Peatland Hydrology Simulated With a Global Land Surface Model

Tropical peatlands are among the most carbon‐dense ecosystems on Earth, and their water storage dynamics strongly control these carbon stocks. The hydrological functioning of tropical peatlands differs from that of northern peatlands, which has not yet been accounted for in global land surface models (LSMs). Here, we integrated tropical peat‐specific hydrology modules into a global LSM for the first time, by utilizing the peatland‐specific model structure adaptation (PEATCLSM) of the NASA Catchment Land Surface Model (CLSM). We developed literature‐based parameter sets for natural (PEATCLSMTrop,Nat) and drained (PEATCLSMTrop,Drain) tropical peatlands. Simulations with PEATCLSMTrop,Nat were compared against those with the default CLSM version and the northern version of PEATCLSM (PEATCLSMNorth,Nat) with tropical vegetation input. All simulations were forced with global meteorological reanalysis input data for the major tropical peatland regions in Central and South America, the Congo Basin, and Southeast Asia. The evaluation against a unique and extensive data set of in situ water level and eddy covariance‐derived evapotranspiration showed an overall improvement in bias and correlation compared to the default CLSM version. Over Southeast Asia, an additional simulation with PEATCLSMTrop,Drain was run to address the large fraction of drained tropical peatlands in this region. PEATCLSMTrop,Drain outperformed CLSM, PEATCLSMNorth,Nat, and PEATCLSMTrop,Nat over drained sites. Despite the overall improvements of PEATCLSMTrop,Nat over CLSM, there are strong differences in performance between the three study regions. We attribute these performance differences to regional differences in accuracy of meteorological forcing data, and differences in peatland hydrologic response that are not yet captured by our model.
Identifikasi Molekuler Bakteri Staphylococcus sp. dan Staphylococcus aureus Penyebab Mastitis Subklinis pada Ternak Kambing Perah

Mastitis merupakan radang pada glandula mammae (ambing) ternak perah. Mastitis tipe subklinis sering dikaitkan pada kejadian mastitis di peternakan ruminansia kecil seperti kambing perah (kambing Peranakan Etawah, Saanen, dan Sapera). Patogen utama yang berperan dalam kejadian mastitis ini adalah genus Staphylococcus. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk melakukan identifikasi bakteri Staphylococcus sp. dan Staphylococcus aureus sebagai penyebab mastitis subklinis pada kambing perah dengan menggunakan metode polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Tahapan metode yang dilakukan adalah ekstraksi DNA dengan teknik spin-collumn system terhadap 26 isolat bakteri yang telah dilakukan uji biokimia sebelumnya dan amplifikasi gen spesifik 23s rRNA Staphylococcus sp. dan Staphylococcus aureus, serta methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), dilanjutkan dengan visualisasi menggunakan UV-transluminator. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 12 isolat sampel teridentifikasi Staphylococcus sp. dan 1 diantaranya teridentifikasi Staphylococcus aureus. Isolat yang teridentifikasi Staphylococcus aureus bukan termasuk MRSA.
Contraceptive Method Information and Method Switching in India

The stagnation in the unmet need for family planning and rise in contraceptive discontinuation rates are major concerns among researchers and policymakers in India. This study attempts to investigate the association between method information received by the users at the time of initiation and the switching of contraceptive methods in India. Using the fourth round of National Family Health Survey (NFHS) data (2015–2016), a multinomial logistic regression model has been applied to assess the net effects of method information received by the users on switching of contraceptive methods. The reuse of contraceptive methods is higher among those who were not provided any method information. The reuse is also higher among those who were informed only about the side effects. Overall, the users who received comprehensive method information are more likely to switch. Particularly, the users who were informed about how to manage side effects either alone or along with other method information have a higher likelihood of switching especially to long-acting reversible contraceptives (LARC). The findings call for program intervention to provide comprehensive method information to the users because it gives them the freedom to switch to more suitable methods. Thus, it would help in achieving the sustainable development goal (3.7) of informed choice of contraceptive methods.