Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Nationwide Study of Clinical Outcomes After Robot-Assisted Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery and Hybrid Revascularization in the Netherlands

Objective: Robot-assisted minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass (RA-MIDCAB) surgery and hybrid coronary revascularization (HCR) are minimally invasive alternative strategies to conventional coronary artery bypass surgery in patients with isolated left anterior descending (LAD) stenosis or multivessel coronary disease. We analyzed a large, multicenter data-set based on the Netherlands Heart Registration including all patients undergoing RA-MIDCAB. Methods: We included 440 consecutive patients who underwent RA-MIDCAB with the left internal thoracic artery to LAD between January 2016 and December 2020. A proportion of patients underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of non-LAD vessels (i.e., HCR). The primary outcome was all-cause mortality at median follow-up of 1 year, which was subdivided into cardiac and noncardiac. Secondary outcomes included target vessel revascularization (TVR) at median follow-up as well as 30-day mortality, perioperative myocardial infarction, reoperation for bleeding or anastomosis-related problems, and in-hospital ischemic cerebrovascular accident (iCVA). Results: Among all patients, 91 (21%) underwent HCR. At median (IQR) follow-up of 19 (8 to 28) months, 11 patients (2.5%) had died. In 7 patients, the cause of death was defined as cardiac. TVR occurred in 25 patients (5.7%), of whom 4 underwent CABG and 21 underwent PCI. At 30-day follow-up, 6 patients (1.4%) had a perioperative myocardial infarction, of whom 1 died. One patient (0.2%) developed an iCVA, and 18 patients (4.1%) underwent reoperation for bleeding or anastomosis-related problems. Conclusions: The clinical outcomes of patients undergoing RA-MIDCAB or HCR in the Netherlands are good and promising when compared with the currently available literature. Visual abstract
Near-infrared autofluorescence spectroscopy for in vivo diagnosis of cervical precancer

The purpose of this study is to explore the feasibility of utilizing near-infrared (NIR) autofluorescence spectroscopy for in vivo diagnosis of precancer (i.e., dysplasia) in the cervix. A rapid NIR spectroscopy system in combination with a fiber-optic probe was developed for the in vivo NIR fluorescence measurements under the 785 nm laser excitation. Multivariate statistical techniques including principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) were employed to develop the diagnostic algorithms for spectra classification. Classification result obtained from the PCA-LDA model based on tissue NIR autofluorescence data yielded a diagnostic sensitivity of 84.8% and specificity of 85.1% for discrimination of precancer from normal cervical sites. The results demonstrate that NIR autofluorescence technique has the capacity for the noninvasive, in vivo diagnosis of precancer in the cervix.
Analysis of the affine transformations of the time-frequency plane

We consider two aspects of the action of the extended metaplectic representation of the group G of affine, measure and orientation preserving maps of the time-frequency plane on L2 functions on the line. On the one hand, we list, up to equivalence, all possible reproducing formulas that arise by restricting the representation to connected Lie subgroups of G. On the other hand, we describe, in terms of Weyl calculus, the commutative von Neumann algebras generated by restriction to one-parameter subgroups.
Infants' lexical comprehension and lexical anticipation abilities are closely linked in early language development.

Theories across cognitive domains propose that anticipating upcoming sensory input supports information processing. In line with this view, prior findings indicate that adults and children anticipate upcoming words during real-time language processing, via such processes as prediction and priming. However, it is unclear if anticipatory processes are strictly an outcome of prior language development or are more entwined with language learning and development. We operationalized this theoretical question as whether developmental emergence of comprehension of lexical items occurs before or concurrently with the anticipation of these lexical items. To this end, we tested infants of ages 12, 15, 18, and 24 months (N = 67) on their abilities to comprehend and anticipate familiar nouns. In an eye-tracking task, infants viewed pairs of images and heard sentences with either informative words (e.g., eat) that allowed them to anticipate an upcoming noun (e.g., cookie), or uninformative words (e.g., see). Findings indicated that infants' comprehension and anticipation abilities are closely linked over developmental time and within individuals. Importantly, we do not find evidence for lexical comprehension in the absence of lexical anticipation. Thus, anticipatory processes are present early in infants' second year, suggesting they are a part of language development rather than solely an outcome of it.
Heat pump air conditioning system for pure electric vehicle at ultra-low temperature

When the ordinary heat pump air conditioning system of a pure electric vehicle runs at ultra-low temperature, the discharge temperature of compressor will be too high and the heating capacity of the system will decay seriously, it will lead to inactivity of the heating system. In order to solve this problem, a modification is put forward, and an experiment is also designed. The experimental results show that in the same conditions, this new heating system increases more than 20% of the heating capacity; when the outside environment temperature is negative 20 degrees, the discharge temperature of compressor is below 60 degrees.
Numerical Experiments on Downstream Boundary of Flow Past Cylinder

The influence of the location of the downstream boundary on unsteady incompressible flow solutions is investigated in a series of numerical experiments preformed for flow past a circular cylinder at Reynolds number 100. The governing equations are the velocity-pressure formulation of the Navier-Stokes equations, and at the downstream boundary the traction-free condition is imposed. Temporally periodic flow fields obtained by using computational domains with various lengths are compared. It is observed that as far as the near-field solution, the Strouhal number and the lift and drag coefficients are concerned, the down-stream boundary can be placed as close as 14.5 diameters from the centre of the cylinder with virtually no difference in the solution. Furthermore, only third-digit variations in the Strouhal number and the lift and drag coefficients and very minor changes in the near-field solution are observed when the downstream boundary is brought as close as 6.5 diameters from the centre of the cylinder. Bringing the downstream boundary closer than this seems to result in more significant changes in the solution. In particular, if the distance is 2.6 diameters or closer, the solution becomes symmetric and steady.
Efficient computation of optimal gain and angle in the design of correlation filters for cross-coupled devices

In designing correlation filters for implementation on cross-coupled spatial light modulators, we are faced with the task of selecting the optimum gain and angle. Usually, this is carried out via an iterative search. In this paper, we introduce a direct method for identifying the optimum gain and angle. Simple simulation examples are included to illustrate the basic idea.
Design and synthesis of random phase diffusers

This paper considers diffusers characterized by random variations of optical path, such as ground-glass-surface diffusers. The theoretical limits on the light distributions realizable with random phase diffusers are derived, and the important parameters controlling these light distributions are identified. Methods for generating controlled random signals that, when converted to optical-path variations, have the correct parameters to synthesize diffusers with any desired, realizable light distribution are described. Some goniophotometric data taken from diffusers synthesized by this method are given in support of the theory. These results represent a basic solution of the random-phase-diffuser synthesis problem.
Adaptive vector quantization based on quality criterion using Hosaka plot

In this paper, adaptive vector quantization based on the quality of the picture is suggested. In this method the codebook size is kept variable. New code vectors are added such that the quality of the image is improved compared to the fixed codebook. Code vectors are not at added at random from a supercodebook, which is normally done in adaptive vector quantization but only selective code vectors are added such that each code vector is useful for the improvement in the quality. This keeps the codebook size limited. Hence the time required for the compression or the memory requirement is not increased due to adaptive codebook yet the quality is improved. Therefore real time implementation is possible using special hardware. This algorithm is successful for any type of image. With the addition of 25% code vectors the maximum quality was improved.
Mucoadhesive drug delivery systems: a promising non-invasive approach to bioavailability enhancement. Part I: biophysical considerations

ABSTRACT Introduction Mucoadhesive drug delivery systems (MDDS) are specifically designed to interact and bind to the mucosal layer for localized, prolonged, and/or targeted drug delivery. Over the past 4 decades, different sites have been explored for mucoadhesion including the nasal, oral, and vaginal cavities, the gastrointestinal tract and ocular tissues. Areas covered The present review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of different aspects of MDDS development. Part I focuses on the anatomical and biological aspects of mucoadhesion, which include a detailed elucidation of the structure and anatomy of the mucosa, the properties of mucin, the different theories of mucoadhesion and evaluation techniques. Expert opinion The mucosal layer presents a unique opportunity for effective localization as well as systemic drug delivery via MDDS. Formulation of MDDS requires a thorough understanding of the anatomy of mucus tissue, the rate of mucus secretion and turnover, and the physicochemical properties of mucus. Further, the moisture content and the hydration of polymers are crucial for interaction with mucus. A confluence of different theories used to explain the mechanism of mucoadhesion is useful for understanding the mucoadhesion of different MDDS and their evaluation is subject to factors, such as the site of administration, type of dosage form, and duration of action.
To block or not to block—hormonal signaling in the treatment of cancers

The breast and prostate glands are the two major organs that are highly dependent on the gonadal steroid hormones for their development and homeostasis. The cancers of these organs also show a large dependence on steroid hormones and have formed the basis of endocrine therapy. Estrogen deprivation by oophorectomy has been in active practice since the 1970s, and androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer was a major breakthrough in medicine in 1941. Since then, several improvisations have happened in these modes of therapy. However, the development of resistance to this deprivation and the emergence of hormone independence are major problems in both cancers. The lessons learned from rodent models have made it clear that the male hormone has a role in females and vice versa. Also, the metabolic products of these hormones may have unintentional effects including proliferative conditions in both sexes. Hence, administering estrogen as a method of chemical castration in males and administering DHT in females may not be the ideal scenario. It would be important to consider the status of the opposite sex hormone signaling and its effects and come up with a combinatorial regime to strike a balance between androgen and estrogen signaling. This review summarizes the current understanding and developments in this field in the context of prostate cancer.
A Game-Theoretic Incentive Mechanism for Battery Saving in Full Duplex Mobile Edge Computing Systems With Wireless Power Transfer

Mobile edge computing (MEC) is a promising paradigm to handle the mismatch between computation-intensive applications and resource-limited devices. Nevertheless, as most Internet of Things (IoT) terminals are battery-limited, the computation gain of MEC may be compromised due to insufficient battery energy for task offloading. Wireless power transfer (WPT) and full duplex (FD) communications are economical charging and transmission methods for battery-limited IoT terminals. However, when integrating wireless power transfer and FD into MEC, the incentive problem should be jointly addressed with task offloading, because the WPT facilities and their powered IoT nodes belong to different service operators. In this paper, we investigate the efficiency of WPT from the perspective of battery saving, and propose an efficient wireless powered task offloading and incentive mechanism in FD MEC-enabled cellular IoT networks. The battery saving efficiency, which addresses both the total cost of WPT and saved energy of battery, is proposed as the performance metric. By adopting this metric as the utility function of the network operator (NO), the task offloading and incentive problem are jointly formulated as a Stackelberg game. We then propose an efficient alternating direction iteration-based algorithm to solve its equilibrium efficiently. Simulation results demonstrate the benefits of our algorithm in battery saving by comparisons with utility oriented benchmarks. Moreover, it reveals the tradeoff between the utility of NO and battery saving, which verifies the positive effects of FD communications and WPT in improving the efficiency of battery saving.
List coloring of Latin and Sudoku graphs

In 2001 Galvin [44] proved a generalization of Hall theorem [49]. We improve his result in two directions, giving a weaker precondition and also a stronger consequence. We show some basic properties of the Latin and Sudoku graphs considering the solution of the Latin and Sudoku puzzles as a list coloring problem of graphs [5, 11, 14, 20, 33, 39, 57, 58, 60, 62, 84].
Deep Learning-Based Yoga Posture Recognition Using the Y_PN-MSSD Model for Yoga Practitioners

In today’s digital world, and in light of the growing pandemic, many yoga instructors opt to teach online. However, even after learning or being trained by the best sources available, such as videos, blogs, journals, or essays, there is no live tracking available to the user to see if he or she is holding poses appropriately, which can lead to body posture issues and health issues later in life. Existing technology can assist in this regard; however, beginner-level yoga practitioners have no means of knowing whether their position is good or poor without the instructor’s help. As a result, the automatic assessment of yoga postures is proposed for yoga posture recognition, which can alert practitioners by using the Y_PN-MSSD model, in which Pose-Net and Mobile-Net SSD (together named as TFlite Movenet) play a major role. The Pose-Net layer takes care of the feature point detection, while the mobile-net SSD layer performs human detection in each frame. The model is categorized into three stages. Initially, there is the data collection/preparation stage, where the yoga postures are captured from four users as well as an open-source dataset with seven yoga poses. Then, by using these collected data, the model undergoes training where the feature extraction takes place by connecting key points of the human body. Finally, the yoga posture is recognized and the model assists the user through yoga poses by live-tracking them, as well as correcting them on the fly with 99.88% accuracy. Comparatively, this model outperforms the performance of the Pose-Net CNN model. As a result, the model can be used as a starting point for creating a system that will help humans practice yoga with the help of a clever, inexpensive, and impressive virtual yoga trainer.
Modeling and Control of a Seven Axes Hybrid Electric/Pneumatic Robot Arm

Passively compliant drive concepts are often used in bio‐inspired robot designs. Especially fluidic artificial muscles share many characteristics with their natural counterparts. Industrial manipulators can benefit from the increased robustness and safety (in contrast to rigid drives) especially in cooperative human/robot environments. We compare different model‐based control concepts for a single rotational joint actuated by two fluidic muscles in combination with proportional valves. While the complete valve and muscle models are already included in this setup, the mechanical model becomes more complex when we extend the control to a full seven axes articulated robot arm with both, electrically and pneumatically actuated joints. In this case the Projection Equation in subsystem description is used for the multibody model, allowing a straight‐forward realtime application to different robot kinematics. Remaining model errors and disturbances are handled by observer algorithms. We present measurement results and compare them to simulation outputs. Besides the position control, possible approaches for sensorless external force estimation are discussed. They take advantage of the compliance of the robot and are again based on the actuator and multibody models. (© 2011 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Whole-Genome Analysis of Influenza A(H3N2) and B/Victoria Viruses Detected in Myanmar during the COVID-19 Pandemic in 2021

An influenza circulation was observed in Myanmar between October and November in 2021. Patients with symptoms of influenza-like illness were screened using rapid diagnostic test (RDT) kits, and 147/414 (35.5%) upper respiratory tract specimens presented positive results. All RDT-positive samples were screened by a commercial multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay, and 30 samples positive for influenza A(H3N2) or B underwent further typing/subtyping for cycle threshold (Ct) value determination based on cycling probe RT-PCR. The majority of subtyped samples (n = 13) were influenza A(H3N2), while only three were B/Victoria. Clinical samples with low Ct values obtained by RT-PCR were used for whole-genome sequencing via next-generation sequencing technology. All collected viruses were distinct from the Southern Hemisphere vaccine strains of the corresponding season but matched with vaccines of the following season. Influenza A(H3N2) strains from Myanmar belonged to clade 2a.3 and shared the highest genetic proximity with Bahraini strains. B/Victoria viruses belonged to clade V1A.3a. 2 and were genetically similar to Bangladeshi strains. This study highlights the importance of performing influenza virus surveillance with genetic characterization of the influenza virus in Myanmar, to contribute to global influenza surveillance during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Turbulent deposition and trapping of aerosols at a wall

The trajectories of aerosols are computed in a high‐resolution direct numerical simulation of turbulent flow in a vertical channel. The aerosol equation of motion includes only a Stokes drag force and the influence of the aerosols on the gas flow is assumed to be negligible. Since the flow is vertical, aerosols deposit as a consequence of the turbulent fluctuations and their own inertia. It is shown that the eddies which are responsible for aerosol deposition are the same eddies that control turbulence production. Typical aerosol trajectories are shown and related to eddy structure. A free‐flight theory suggested by Friedlander and Johnstone [Ind. Eng. Chem. 49, 1151 (1957)] is found to be based on reasonable assumptions about typical velocities of depositing aerosols as they pass through the viscous sublayer, but the theory is shown to be deficient in other respects. The distribution of normal velocities of the aerosols that deposit is compared to the distribution of fluid particle velocities in the visc.
Analogue neuronal network in a biomorphic machine: modelling and simulation in ADAMs

This paper presents a study of the adaptive navigation behaviour in a five-degree-of-freedom biomorphic machine driven by an analogue neuronal network. The analogue neuron is introduced and its mathematical model derived. The biomorph, Quadrupedal Uncontrolled Locomotion (QUL 1.4), is fabricated for study. The analogue neuron ring controller and mechanics are described. A computer model is created in Automatic Dynamic Analysis of Mechanical Systems (ADAMs) software and successful forward gaits in simulations match the observed results. Obstacle climbing over a cylindrical object is simulated and results are shown. The final part of the paper deals with three levels of coupling within QUL 1.4. A distance modulation approach is introduced as a simple method of identifying lever points in biomorphic machines.
Dual-Passband SAW Filter Based on a 32°YX-LN/SiO2/SiC Multilayered Substrate

To meet the demands of highly integrated and miniaturized radio frequency front-end (RFFE) modules, multi-passband filters which support multi-channel compounding come to the foreground. In this work, we proposed a new design of a dual-passband surface acoustic wave (SAW) filter based on a 32°YX-LiNbO3 (LN)/SiO2/SiC multilayered structure. The filter is of a standalone ladder topology and comprises dual-mode resonators, in which the shear horizontal (SH) mode and high-order SH mode are simultaneously excited through electrode thickness modulation. The impact of electrode thickness on the performance of the dual-mode resonator was systematically investigated by the finite element method (FEM), and resonators were prepared and verified the simulation results. The electromechanical coupling coefficients (K2) of the SH modes are 15.1% and 17.0%, while the maximum Bode-Q (Qmax) values are 150 and 247, respectively, for the fabricated resonators with wavelengths of 1 μm and 1.1 μm. In terms of the high-order SH modes in these resonators, the K2 values are 9.8% and 8.4%, and Qmax values are 190 and 262, respectively. The fabricated dual-band filter shows the center frequencies (fc) of 3065 MHz and 4808 MHz as two bands, with 3-dB fractional bandwidths (FBW) of 5.1% and 5.9%, respectively. Such a dual-band SAW filter based on a conventional ladder topology is meaningful in terms of its compact layout and diminished area occupancy. This work provides a promising avenue to constitute a high-performance dual-passband SAW filter for sub-6 GHz RF application.