Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multi-Inertial Sensor-Based Arm 3D Motion Tracking Using Elman Neural Network

Recent years have witnessed the rapid development of microelectromechanical systems, and human motion tracking technology based on IMU (inertial measurement unit) has attracted much attention. However, the magnetic field varies with time and position, which makes it necessary to calibrate sensors before tracking. To address the poor adaptability of IMU to the environments and improve the accuracy of estimated traces, this paper presents an ENN-based (Elman neural network) method to track human arm motions, which consists of two steps. First, the data derived from IMUs are preprocessed for the rough Euler angles; then, an ENN is trained to estimate motions. We explore the initially estimated position to calibrate the acceleration measurements as the input of the ENN. Real-world experiments of arm motion tracking are carried out with the ground truth from an optical motion tracking system. The experimental results show that the mean tracking errors are around 35 mm, with a strong ability to eliminate the effect of extreme measurement and environment noises, avoiding calibrating the magnetometer. The implementation of the well-trained model to independent motions indicates that the robustness of the proposed method is excellent, and the errors reduce by 37.2% on the x -axis and perform similarly on the z -axis compared with 4 traditional methods. This method quite suits those situations where trajectory tracking of the standardized motions is required, such as the medical habilitation.
Design, development and control of a new generation high performance linear actuator for parallel robots and other applications

The main focus of this research is to design and develop a high performance linear actuator based on a four bar mechanism. The present work includes the detailed analysis (kinematics and dynamics), design, implementation and experimental validation of the newly designed actuator. High performance is characterized by the acceleration of the actuator end effector. The principle of the newly designed actuator is to network the four bar rhombus configuration (where some bars are extended to form an X shape) to attain high acceleration. Firstly, a detailed kinematic analysis of the actuator is presented and kinematic performance is evaluated through MATLAB simulations. A dynamic equation of the actuator is achieved by using the Lagrangian dynamic formulation. A SIMULINK control model of the actuator is developed using the dynamic equation. In addition, Bond Graph methodology is presented for the dynamic simulation. The Bond Graph model comprises individual component modeling of the actuator along with control. Required torque was simulated using the Bond Graph model. Results indicate that, high acceleration (around 20g) can be achieved with modest (3 N-m or less) torque input. A practical prototype of the actuator is designed using SOLIDWORKS and then produced to verify the proof of concept. The design goal was to achieve the peak acceleration of more than 10g at the middle point of the travel length, when the end effector travels the stroke length (around 1 m). The actuator is primarily designed to operate in standalone condition and later to use it in the 3RPR parallel robot. A DC motor is used to operate the actuator. A quadrature encoder is attached with the DC motor to control the end effector. The associated control scheme of the actuator is analyzed and integrated with the physical prototype. From standalone experimentation of the actuator, around 17g acceleration was achieved by the end effector (stroke length was 0.2m to 0.78m). Results indicate that the developed dynamic model results are in good agreement. Finally, a Design of Experiment (DOE) based statistical approach is also introduced to identify the parametric combination that yields the greatest performance. Data are collected by using the Bond Graph model. This approach is helpful in designing the actuator without much complexity.
Understanding social media and sound: music, meaning and membership, the case of SoundCloud

Social media technologies have meant that people’s mu- sic consumption and production practices have rapidly changed and evolved. In this paper, we start to explore and present some of our initial findings in respect to this growing area of research by focusing upon the audio distribution platform SoundCloud. Technologies such as SoundCloud are enabling music producers and consumers a whole range of different ways in which they can engage, give/get feedback, promote, share, acquire, tag and make meaning of music. In this respect we are able to observe the role that such systems play in respect to: workflows and metadata production. The work also speaks about music consumption and production; as an individual and part of the crowd. We envisage that this paper will both provide a platform for future research and offer some insights into this world.
Differential Phase Compensation in Over-the-air Precoding Test-bed for a Multi-beam Satellite

This article presents a closed-loop differential phase compensation system for a precoding-enabled multibeam satellite forward link and its validation by live experiments on a GEO satellite scenario. The precoding operation avoids inter-beam interference and maximizes the spectrum efficiency by full frequency reuse as an alternative to the traditional two-color or four-color reuse methods proposed in the DVB-S2 standard. However, the satellite payload introduces differential phase and frequency impairments, which can degrade the precoding performance. This work describes the implementation of the differential phase and frequency tracking and compensation loop in an end-to-end testbed over a multibeam satellite system with independent local oscillators. The developed system performs end-to-end real-time communication over the satellite link, including channel measurements and precompensation. Results are validated by an over-the-air demonstration using two beams of the SES-14 multibeam satellite. Each beam is transmitted by independent transponders, which results in differential frequency and phase offsets due to the transponder undisciplined local oscillators. This phase offset makes it impossible to use precoding without the phase compensation loop. We prove that the implemented system can successfully track and compensate the differential phase and frequency to improve precoding performance.
A TWO-INVERTER STRATEGY TO INTERCHANGE CURRENT IN DISTRIBUTED ENERGY

The suggested plan has elevated reliability, lower bandwidth reliance upon the primary inverter, less pricey because of decrease in filter size, and employ of micro grid power while using the reduced electricity-link current rating for the primary inverter. This paper presents a dual current source inverter (DVSI) plan to enhance the ability quality and sturdiness in the micro grid system. The control calculations are developed according to immediate created component theory (ISCT) to function DVSI in grid discussing and grid injecting modes. The proliferation of power electronics products and electrical loads with unbalanced nonlinear power has degraded the ability quality within the power distribution network these traits make DVSI plan a great choice for micro grid offering sensitive loads. The topology and control formula are validated through extensive simulation and experimental results. The suggested plan includes two inverters, which helps the micro grid to alter power produced using the distributed forces (DERs) and also to compensate the region unbalanced and nonlinear load.
Cyber-Attacks Risk Mitigation on Power System via Artificial Intelligence Technique

The rapid increase in the reliance on modern communication technologies of electrical grid has a great influence on the achieved improvement in the performance of network. However, a serious threat to the operation of the grid itself has emerged, which is the cyber-attack. To reduce the impact of this kind of attack on the electrical network, a new strategy was presented to provide an effective method to discover the nature of electrical disturbances according to specific criteria. One of the methods of artificial intelligence was used to discover the nature of cybernetic disturbances and distinguish them from other disturbances. The methodology of this method was tested on the IEEE 14-bus test system. Simulation results showed the capabilities of artificial intelligence to reach the target with high accuracy which helps grid operators of control center to better protect power system against threat of cyber-attack.
Non-Verbal Bio-Markers for Automatic Depression Analysis

Detection of early depression risk is essential to help the affected individual to get timely medical treatment. However, automatic Depression Risk Analysis has not received significant focus in prior studies. This paper aims to propose an Automatic Depression Risk Analyzer based on non-verbal biomarkers; facial and emotional features, head posture, linguistic, mobile utilization, and biometrics. The analysis has shown that facial and emotional features can learn to identify depression risk better when compared with the head pose and emotional features. Moreover, the study shows that Depression Risk Analysis based on linguistic performed well with 95% accuracy for Sinhala content and 96% accuracy for contextual in English. Identifying the depression risk based on the biometrics, the sleep pattern analysis obtained 95% accuracy with the K Nearest Neighbour (KNN). Further, the mobile utilization analysis with the KNN model achieved 81% accuracy towards the Depression Risk Analysis. The accuracy of Depression Risk Analysis can be improved by extending analytic models to work as a single model. Furthermore, The models have been integrated with a mobile application that allows users to get a comprehensive Depression Risk Analysis based on each biomarker. These additional methods will function together to provide a more accurate on assessing depression risk.
Programmable Controlling of Multiple Spatial Harmonics via a Nonlinearly Phased Grating Metasurface

By modulating physical characteristics (amplitude, phase, polarization, etc.) at the subwavelength scale, metasurfaces have shown prominence in controlling electromagnetic waves. However, metasurfaces with linear phase distributions face difficulties in various wavefront reconstructions intentionally and efficiently, and complex‐amplitude metasurfaces with independent amplitude and phase modulations are preferable. Here, a new scheme of the reprogrammable nonlinearly‐phased grating metasurface, comparable to complex‐amplitude metasurfaces, enabling real‐time and versatile control of multiple spatial harmonics by modulating the phase is reported. Through elaborate and instantaneous programming of nonlinear phase distributions at the metasurface interface, desired electromagnetic wavefronts can be reconstructed in real‐time by reconfiguring the generation and suppression of multiple spatial harmonics and by customizing reflection angles and reflection intensities of each spatial harmonic. To corroborate this design, generation and suppression, intensity tailoring, and retro‐reflection of multiple spatial harmonics are presented and verified experimentally. This work provides a real‐time and efficient way to implement dynamical reconstruction of various electromagnetic wavefronts and can be further applied to other potential scenarios such as holography, imaging, and wireless communication.
Investigation of a Right-Angled Isosceles Triangular Patch Antenna on Composite and Suspended Substrates Based on a CAD-Oriented Cavity Model

ABSTRACT In this article, a fast and accurate CAD-oriented cavity model and a single-resonant parallel R-L-C circuit has been proposed to predict the characteristics of a right-angled isosceles triangular patch antenna (RAITPA) on composite and suspended substrates. The accuracy of this model is computed against the experimental and HFSS computational results. The present model shows very close agreement with the experimental and HFSS computational results. To the best of our knowledge this is the first time that we have investigated a RAITPA on a composite substrate both theoretically and experimentally.
Assessment of Customer Satisfaction on Home – Based Catering Business in Cabadbaran City: Basis for Enhancement Program

A business should strive to achieve customer satisfaction. The study aimed to formulate an enhancement program on customer satisfaction among home-based catering businesses in Cabadbaran City, Philippines, where 250 customers served as the respondents of the study. The researcher used the quantitative non-experimental research design using a survey method in this study. Moreover, results revealed that customers agreed in their expectation that home-based catering business much evidently met the quality of food and is at par comparable to established hotels and restaurants; offers a more personalized service compared to others; have a very satisfactory quality service; and is reliable in fulfilling contractual agreements. Furthermore, results showed that customer’s overall evaluation in perceived quality after purchasing or availing home-based catering services had been met. The customer's quality, customization, and reliability experience also displayed a very satisfactory and much experienced post-purchase transaction towards home-based catering business. Moreover, results revealed that customers were very satisfied with the value of services given the price as well as its value-based attributes. Overall, customers were highly satisfied with the food quality of home-based catering business. The researcher made a matrix on the proposed enhancement program.
The Subjective Inflation Expectations of Households and Firms: Measurement, Determinants, and Implications

Households’ and firms’ subjective inflation expectations play a central role in macroeconomic and intertemporal microeconomic models. We discuss how subjective inflation expectations are measured, the patterns they display, their determinants, and how they shape households’ and firms’ economic choices in the data and help us make sense of the observed heterogeneous reactions to business-cycle shocks and policy interventions. We conclude by highlighting the relevant open questions and why tackling them is important for academic research and policymaking.
Speckle-tracking echocardiography for detecting myocardial dysfunction in sepsis and septic shock patients: A single emergency department study.

BACKGROUND Septic cardiomyopathy (SCM) occurs in the early stage of sepsis and septic shock, which has implications for treatment strategies and prognosis. Additionally, myocardial involvement in the early stages of sepsis is difficult to identify. Here, we assess subclinical myocardial function using laboratory tests and speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE). METHODS Emergency department patients diagnosed with sepsis or septic shock were included for analysis. Those with other causes of acute or pre-existing cardiac dysfunction were excluded. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), including conventional echocardiography and STE, were performed for all patients three hours after initial resuscitation. Samples for laboratory tests were taken around the time of TTE. RESULTS Left ventricular functions of 60 patients were analyzed, including 21 septic shock patients and 39 sepsis patients. There was no significant difference in global longitudinal strain (GLS), global circumferential strain (GCS), or global radical strain (GRS) between patients with sepsis and septic shock (all with P>0.05). However, GLS and GCS were significantly less negative in patients with abnormal troponin levels or in patients with abnormal left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) values (all with P<0.05). There were also moderate correlations between GLS and levels of cTnI (r=0.40, P=0.002) or N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) (r=0.44, P=0.001) in sepsis and septic shock patients. CONCLUSION Myocardial dysfunction, e.g., lower LVEF or less negative GLS in patients with sepsis or septic shock, is more affected by myocardial injury. GLS could be incorporated into mainstream clinical practice as a supplementary LVEF parameter, especially for those with elevated troponin levels.
Dietary Supplementation Before, During and After Pregnancy: Results of the Cluster-Randomized GeliS Study

Introduction The nutritional status of women before, during, and after pregnancy plays an important role in the health of mother and child. In addition to a balanced mixed diet, the increased need for folic acid and iodine should be met and ensured with supplements. The aim of this study was to assess dietary supplementation in the context of pregnancy and to investigate the effect of targeted counselling on supplementation behavior during and after pregnancy. Methods In the context of the “Gesund leben in der Schwangerschaft” (GeliS; “Healthy living in pregnancy”) trial, women in the intervention group (IG) received four structured lifestyle counselling sessions during pregnancy as well as postpartum, during which they were informed about appropriate dietary supplementation. The women in the control group (CG) received routine prenatal care. The intake of dietary supplements was recorded at different points using a questionnaire. Results In total, 2099 women were included in the analysis. Prior to conception, 31.3% of the women in the IG and 31.4% of the women in the CG took folic acid supplements. Prenatally, about half of the women took folic acid (IG: 54.1%; CG: 52.0%) and iodine (IG: 50.2%; CG: 48.2%). Statistically significant differences between the groups with regard to supplementation behavior could not be observed, neither prior to inclusion in the study nor during the intervention. During pregnancy, 23.0% of all women took docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplements and 21.8% iron supplements. 49.4% of the women additionally took vitamin D supplements. A higher educational level (p < 0.001), advanced age (p < 0.001), primiparity (p < 0.001), and a vegetarian diet (p = 0.037) were all associated with a higher level of dietary supplementation. Conclusion The GeliS lifestyle counselling did not significantly improve the supplementation behavior of women during and after pregnancy. Women should be informed about adequate dietary supplementation early on within the scope of gynecological prenatal care.
Throughput Analysis of UAV-assisted IAB Cellular Networks with Heterogeneous Traffic

With the deluge of wireless data, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are expected to be deployed as aerial small base stations (SBSs) to relieve the load of ground macro base stations by establishing wireless backhaul connections with them and providing high-quality service to users. Thanks to the emergence of integrated access and backhaul (IAB), the access and backhaul communication links can work on the same millimeter wave (mmWave) band with huge available bandwidth. This paper studies the quality-of-service (QoS) performance of heterogeneous traffic under equal partition and average load partition spectrum allocation strategies for mmWave UAV-assisted IAB cellular networks. Specifically, we develop a theoretical framework to analyze the mean packet throughput (MPT) of users based on stochastic geometry and queueing theory. Simulation results demonstrate that the deployment of UAVs can promote MPT performance compared to ground SBSs and appropriate UAV height, UAV density, and spectrum allocation play significant roles in improving QoS performance of heterogeneous traffic in the network.
Comparative Analysis of Magnetic Field in Surface Permanent Magnet Motor at Various Types of Rotor Magnetization

In this paper the influence of magnetization pattern on the magnetic field features and characteristics in a surface mounted permanent magnet motor is analysed. A comparative analysis of performance characteristics for a conventional surface PM motor with Halbach array topologies is presented. The study is based on FEM field computations that enable the visibility of the magnetic properties and characteristics. The emphasis is put on electromagnetic field distribution, magnetic flux per pole profile and components of the flux density in the air gap. Streszczenie. W artykule przeprowadzono analizę wpływu sposobu magnetyzacji na właściwości pola magnetycznego I charakterystyki w silniku z powierzchniowym magnesem trwałym. Przedstawiona została analiza porównawcza charakterystyki działania dla konwencjonalnego silnika z powierzchniowym magnesem trwałym w układzie Halbacha. Badania zostały oparte na metodzie elementów skończonych, która umożliwia „widzenie” właściwości magnetycznych i charakterystyk. Nacisk położono na rozkład pola elektromagnetycznego, strumień magnetyczny w profilu i składowe indukcji magnetycznej w szczelinie powietrznej. (Analiza porównawcza pola magnetycznego przy różnych typach magnetyzacji wirnika w silniku z powierzchniowym magnesem trwałym).
Human Resources in Primary Health-Care Institutions before and after the New Health-Care Reform in China from 2003 to 2019: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis

At the end of March 2009, the Chinese government put forward the new health-care reform with its long-term goal to achieve universal access to basic medical and health services. Primary health-care institutions and adequate health human resources are the basic and specific guarantee to achieve the above goals. We aimed to explore the differences in the trends of human resources before and after the new health-care reform from 2003 to 2019, based on Chinese Health Statistics Yearbook, an using interrupted time series analysis. The number of primary health workers serving for every 1000 people in China gradually rose from 1.98 in 2003 to 3.07 in 2020, with an immediate sharp rise from 2008 to 2009. Subsequently, the number of primary health workers increased at a significant speed, but it still failed to meet people’s basic medical needs (3.5/1000). There was an increase of 51,301 primary health staff in 2010, and 6007 more primary health workers per year were added after the reform compared to the basic increasing number before 2009, but both were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). The annual increased number of health workers in township health centers was 2.63 times greater than that before the reform, with a total annual increase of 34,192 people (p < 0.05). The growth trend changed the most in western China (p < 0.001), while the human resources of primary health-care institutions in the eastern region were relatively richer than those in the central and western regions. Numerous registered nurses and pharmacists have been devoted to the construction of the primary health-care service since 2010, while the increase in the number of doctors per year was not statistically significant (p = 0.066). In total, the primary health-care human resource in China is constantly expanding, but the primary health-care needs are still not fully met, especially for doctors, and the problem of unbalanced allocation urgently needs to be solved. Reasonably formulating regional policies to strengthen the construction of primary health personnel and expand the accessibility of primary health services is the top priority in the development of primary medical and health undertakings.