Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Defect detection algorithm for fabric based on deformable convolutional network

The detection of fabric defects is an important aspect of textile quality management. This paper proposes an algorithm based on YOLOv3 and deformable convolutional network to solve the problems of low accuracy, high rate of missed and false detection, and high labor cost existing in traditional manual detection methods. First, data enhancement is adopted to address the problem of imbalanced categories of defective samples in the dataset. Then, the Resnet101 model is used to extract the features, and the original convolution operation is replaced by deformable convolution to balance the accuracy and speed of the model. Finally, the focal loss function is introduced to solve the insensitivity problem of the model to difficult defect samples. Experimental results show that this method can quickly and accurately detect defects on the surface of fabrics. In real-time detection, the average accuracy of this method is 8.3% higher than that of YOLOv3. The average accuracy of multiple categories of detection reaches more than 90%, and the detection effect of small defect targets, such as three silk, is also relatively better.
Effect of Cationic Surfactant in the Synthesis Process of Nano γ-Alumina for Petroleum Industry Application

Nanotechnology is widely used in industries, including catalyst synthesis for oil and gas industries to enhance and perform new Characteristics of materials. Cetyl tri methyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) cationic surfactant was used in the synthesis of spherical nanostructured γ-alumina to enhance the morphology of the prepared nano gamma alumina which is used as a catalyst support in the naphtha reforming process. The preparation was carried out by co-precipitation method by adding drop wise of ammonium hydroxide solution and aluminum nitrate nonahydrate solution simultaneously to a solution of surfactant medium, PH and temperature of reaction were kept at 8 and 30 cᵒ respectively. The gamma alumina obtained were characterized by X- Ray Diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption-desorption analysis (ASAP 2020, Micromeretics) and atomic force microscope (AFM). The sample of synthesized gamma alumina with the CTAB cationic surfactant showed that surface are (314 m2/g), pore volume (0.37 cm3/g), and pore size (3.6 nm).
COMPUTATION OF FERRORESONANT OVERVOLTAGES IN ACTUAL POWER SYSTEMS BY GALERKIN"S METHOD

This paper develops a numerical technique for solving the problem of periodic ferroresonant overvoltages in a power system. The system is modeled as a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations, whose periodical solutions are found by a numerical algorithm based on Galerkin's method. It is shown that this approach takes into account the various aspects of ferroresonance phenomena, i. e. harmonic as well as even or odd order subharmonic oscillations. Results computed by this technique are presented and discussed.
Detection, estimation, and classification with spectrograms

A locally optimum detector correlates the data spectrogram with a reference spectrogram in order to detect (i) a known signal with unknown delay and Doppler parameters, (ii) a random signal with known covariance function, or (iii) the output of a random, time‐varying channel with known scattering function. Spectrogram correlation can also be used for maximum likelihood parameter estimation, e.g., estimation of delay or center frequency of a signal. To estimate an analog input signal from its spectrogram, a modified deconvolution operation can be used together with a predictive noise canceler. If no noise is added to the spectrogram, the mean‐square error of this signal estimate is independent of the window function that is used to construct the spectrogram. When estimates of specific signal parameters are obtained directly from the spectrogram, these estimates have mean‐square errors that depend upon both signal and window waveforms. Spectrogram correlation can be used for classification as well as for estimation and detection. Parameter estimators and detectors are, in fact, specialized kinds of classifiers.
Existence of (q, k, 1) difference families with q a prime power and k = 4, 5

The existence of a (q, k, 1) difference family in GF(q) has been completely solved for k = 3. For k = 4, 5 partial results have been given by Bose, Wilson, and Buratti. In this article, we continue the investigation and show that the necessary condition for the existence of a (q, k, 1) difference family in GF(q), i.e., q ≡ 1 (mod k(k − 1)) is also sufficient for k = 4, 5. For general k, Wilson's bound shows that a (q, k, 1) difference family in GF(q) exists whenever q ≡ 1 (mod k(k − 1)) and q > [k(k − 1)/2]k(k−1). An improved bound on q is also presented. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Combin Designs 7: 21–30, 1999
Peripartum supplementation of nutrients in Gir cows improves the feed intake, blood metabolic profile and postpartum fertility

The study evaluated the effect of supplementation of rumen protected choline (RPC) and fat (RPF) alone and in combination, and injection Vit-E + selenium on feed intake, blood metabolic profile and postpartum fertility in transition Gir cows. Forty advanced (8 months) pregnant cows were divided into five equal groups (T1 to T5, n=8) and were managed individually from 30 days prepartum till 60 days postpartum. Cows in T1 group were fed basal diet, those in T2 to T5 groups received additional oral supplements of RPC @ 45 g/d (T2), RPF @ 80 g/d (T3), RPC + RPF as above (T4) and injection Vit-E 500 mg + Se 15 mg fortnightly (T5). The mean fortnightly dry matter intake increased significantly by days 0, 15 and 45 of lactation with higher overall value in T2 than other groups. The blood glucose levels were significantly higher on day of calving and dropped suddenly around day 15 postpartum in all groups. Plasma total cholesterol was significantly lower in T5 and T2, and higher in T4, and it declined significantly from 30 days prepartum till day of calving with lowest values on day 15 postpartum, which increased gradually till day 60 postpartum. The TAG and VLDL concentrations dropped 15-20 fold on day 0 and 15 postpartum over prepartum values, and again increased 5-10 fold on days 30 and 45 postpartum in most groups with higher values in T3, T4 and T5 than in T1 and T2 groups. BHBA levels were significantly increased on day 15 postpartum over day of calving or prepartum values, declined by day 45 postpartum, and were significantly higher in T2 and lower in T5 as compared to other groups. The uterine involution, first estrus postpartum and conception rates were significantly enhanced with all nutrient supplements, and T5 in particular.
From basic to reduced bias kernel density estimators: links via taylor series approximations

The transformation kernel density estimator of Ruppert and Cline (1994) achieves bias of order h 4 (as the bandwidth h→0), an improvement over the order h 2 bias associated with the basic kernel density estimator. Hossjer and Ruppert (1994) use Taylor series expansions to build a bridge between the two, displaying an infinite sequence of O(h 4) bias estimators in the process. In this paper, we extend the work of Hossjer and Ruppert (i) by investigating three other natural Taylor series expansions, and (ii) by applying the approach to two other O(h 4) bias estimators, namely the variable bandwidth and multiplicative bias correction methods. Several further infinite sequences of O(h 4) bias estimators result.
Manipulation of Particles in a Microchannel with Various Geometric Spaces Using Ultrasound

A noncontact micromanipulation technique is required in micromachine technology, biotechnology, and other fields. In this study, a standing wave field was generated in a microchannel with a geometric space. It was possible to trap small objects at nodes of the sound pressure distribution in the medium. A microchannel of 1×50×1 mm3 was formed at the center of a glass plate of 50×50×5 mm3. In the experiment, when the liquid water containing particles was injected into the microchannel on the glass plate irradiated by ultrasound, the particles flowed along several layers. It was shown that the traveling wave was transmitted into the microchannel and the standing wave field was formed in the microchannel. The micromanipulation technique enabled the control of the direction of the particle flow by changing the ultrasound frequency in branched channels with a geometric region at the junction. Moreover, in a triangular region, the particles moved towards the top from the base of the triangle with a fixed frequency.
Giant wavelength-temperature dependence of 850nm VCSELs with a metal/semiconductor thermally actuated mirror

We demonstrate a giant wavelength-temperature dependence of wavelength of a micromachined 850nm VCSEL with a thermally actuated metal/semiconductor cantilever mirror. The modeling shows a possibility of giant temperature dependence of wavelength of several nm/K, which is determined by cantilever length and metal thickness. The fabricated 850nm VCSEL exhibits a temperature dependence of -1.6 nm/K, and a wavelength tuning of 35 nm in 850 nm band was obtained by changing the device temperature by 12K. In addition, electro-thermal tuning was demonstrated using integrated micro heater. Continuous wavelength shift of 15 nm was obtained with heating power of 40 mW.
Ranking Risks of BOT Toll Road Investment Projects in Indonesia Using Fuzzy Interpretive Structural Modelling

The Government of Indonesia implemented the Build, Operate, and Transfer (BOT) model, relying on private investment to bridge the financing gap in developing public infrastructure facilities, including toll roads. Toll road investments, like other greenfield infrastructure projects, are typically characterized by high project risk, which discourages private sector investment. Many previous studies have investigated the various risk events in toll road investment projects, but only a few have assessed the interrelationships of risk events in the Indonesian context. This study fills this knowledge gap by determining which risk event influences other events most. Fuzzy interpretive structural modelling combined with the matrix impact of cross-references multiplication applied to a classification method was used to determine the hierarchy of risk events and analyze their influences on other risk events. A total of fourteen risk events were identified and analyzed. An unclear output specification was found to be the most significant risk event, with the biggest driving power affecting other risks. The findings and limitations of this study point the way forward for future research.
Joint Design of Periodic Binary Probing Sequences and Receive Filters for PMCW Radar

Joint design of binary probing sequences and receive filters is critical to the performance of low-cost phase-modulated continuous wave (PMCW) radar, which can play an important role in autonomous driving applications to mitigate mutual interferences. For many existing PMCW radar systems, matched filters are employed at the receiver and binary sequences with good periodic auto-correlation properties within a low correlation zone (LCZ) are chosen as probing sequences. In this paper, we first introduce a cyclic algorithm to design binary sequences for the case of using matched filters at the receivers. To further decrease the sidelobes of the periodic correlations between the binary probing sequences and receive filters, at the cost of a small loss in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), we propose an algorithm for the joint design of binary probing sequences and mismatched receive filters. The proposed algorithms are also extended to take into account the Doppler shifts caused by moving targets. Moreover, the efficient implementations of these algorithms utilizing the fast Fourier transform (FFT) operations are presented, making it possible to use them to design probing sequences and receive filters with long lengths. Finally, numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.
An FPGA-based trigger system for the search of μ+→e++γ decay in the MEG experiment

The MEG experiment at PSI aims at investigating the μ+ → e+ + γ decay with improved sensitivity on the branching ratio (BR) by two orders of magnitude with respect to the previous experimental limit (BR(μ+ → e+ + γ) ≈ 10−13). The use of the most intense continuous muon beam world wide ( ≈ 108μ/s) to search for such a rare event must be accompanied by an efficient trigger system, able to suppress the huge beam-related background to sustainable rates while preserving the efficiency on signal close to unity. In order to accomplish both objectives, a digital approach was exploited by means of Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA), working as a real-time processors of detector signals to perform an accurate event reconstruction within a 450 ns latency. This approach eventually turned out to be flexible enough to allow us to record calibration events in parallel with the main data acquisition and monitor the detector behavior throughout the data taking. We describe here the hardware implementation of the trigger and its main features as well: signal digitization, online waveform processing, reconstruction algorithms. A detailed description is given of the system architecture, the feature of the boards and their use. The trigger algorithms will be described in details in a dedicated article to be published afterwards.
Norm convergence of nilpotent ergodic averages along F{\o}lner nets

Multiple ergodic averages corresponding to polynomial sequences in nilpotent groups of measure preserving transformations converge in L^2, as was proved recently by Walsh. We extend this result to averages along F{\o}lner nets in amenable groups. We also generalize the double ergodic theorem for commuting actions of an amenable group due to Bergelson, McCutcheon and Zhang to averages with arbitrarily many terms.
Multivariate probability density functions with dynamics in the GFDL Atmospheric General Circulation Model: Global tests

AbstractA unified turbulence and cloud parameterization based on multivariate probability density functions (PDFs) has been incorporated into the GFDL atmospheric general circulation model (AM3). This PDF-based parameterization not only predicts subgrid variations in vertical velocity, temperature, and total water, which bridge subgrid-scale processes (e.g., aerosol activation and cloud microphysics) and grid-scale dynamic and thermodynamic fields, but also unifies the treatment of planetary boundary layer (PBL), shallow convection, and cloud macrophysics. This parameterization is called the Cloud Layers Unified by Binormals (CLUBB) parameterization. With the incorporation of CLUBB in AM3, coupled with a two-moment cloud microphysical scheme, AM3–CLUBB allows for a more physically based and self-consistent treatment of aerosol activation, cloud micro- and macrophysics, PBL, and shallow convection.The configuration and performance of AM3–CLUBB are described. Cloud and radiation fields, as well as most basi.
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL QUALITIES OF CORN WITH DIFFERENT MOISTURE LEVELS SUPPLEMENTED WITH MOLD INHIBITOR

Corn grain is used as the main energy source in poultry diet formulation. The quality of corn is easy to deteriorate during storage because of insect, fungal, and mycotoxin contamination. Efforts should be made to maintain the quality of corn during storage. The present study aimed to evaluate the physical and chemical qualities of different moisture levels of corn supplemented by a mold inhibitor. A total of 750 kg of corn grains was used in the present study. A commercial mold inhibitor was used with a dose of 0.045%. The experimental design used was a 3 x 2 factorial complete randomized design. The first main factor was the different moisture levels (ML) of corn (≤ 10%, 10.0-10.9%; 11.0-11.9%), while the second main factor was mold inhibitor (MI, - or +). Thus, there were six treatment combinations, and each treatment comprised five replications. The results showed that ML, MI, and ML x MI interaction significantly (P < 0.05 to 0.001) affected the percentage of grain damage and fungal grain but not (P > 0.05) the moisture level of corn during 90 days of storage. Except for crude protein content, the ML did not affect (P > 0.05) the proximate composition (PC) and gross energy (GE) content of corn. Except for dry matter (DM), the PC and GE content of corn were not affected (P > 0.05) by MI. ML x MI interaction did not affect (P > 0.05) the PC and GE content. The aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) content was similar (P > 0.05) among all treatments. Except for histidine and lysine contents, the amino acid contents of corn were not affected by ML, MI, or ML x MI combination. In conclusion, the supplementation of MI in corn with different ML improved the physical quality, DM, ash, and GE content of corn grain during the storage; MI maintained the DM content but did not reduce the AFB1 content of corn. Except for histidine and lysine, the supplementation of MI in corn with different ML did not affect the amino acid content of corn.
Human Papillomavirus Genotype Attribution in Premalignant-Malign Cervical Lesions: A Retrospective Tertiary Center Results

ÖZET Amaç: Onkojenik HPV tipleri servikal kanser gelişiminde önemli rol oynarlar. Çalışmamızda HPV subtiplerinin servikal lezyonlardaki önemini ve prevelansını araştırmak istedik. Gereç ve yöntem: Hastanemizde jinekolojik onkoloji polikliniğine başvuran ve HPV testleri ile kolposkopik biyopsi yapılan 296 kadın retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Kolposkopik biyopsi örnekleri histopatolojik inceleme ile HPV örnekleri ise polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (PCR) ile değerlendirilerek DNA tiplemesi yapıldı. Bulgular: Hastalarımızdaki HPV tipleri arasında en sık HPV tip 16 tespit edildi. Yüksek riskli HPV tipleri arasında en sık görülen 5 tip sırasıyla 16,31,18,51 ve 52'dir. H-SIL lezyonlarında en sık HPV tipleri 16,35,31 iken L-SIL'de 16,51,31 olarak bulundu. Bölgemizde kolposkopik servikal biyopsi yapılan 296 hastanın 129'unda servikal premalign veya malign lezyon tespit edildi. Bu 129 hastanın 110'unda etiyolojide HPV saptanmış, 19/129'unda HPV saptanmamıştır. Sonuç: Serviks kanserinde etyolojide en önemli risk faktörü olan HPV virüsüdür. HPV ye karşı geliştirilmesi planlanan aşıların içeriğinin en sık görülen ve yüksek risk grubu subtipler olması serviks kanserini önlemede ümit verici olacaktır. Anahtar Kelimeler: HPV subtipleri, Servikal İntraepitelyal lezyon, Serviks kanseri
Intramuscular alfaxalone with or without buprenorphine or hydromorphone provides sedation with minimal adverse effects in healthy rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) in a randomized blinded controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of alfaxalone administered IM with or without buprenorphine or hydromorphone in healthy rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). ANIMALS 24 male rabbits undergoing elective orchiectomy between August 21, 2021, and November 6, 2021. PROCEDURES In this controlled clinical trial, rabbits were randomly assigned to receive alfaxalone (4 mg/kg, IM) alone (group A; n = 8) or with buprenorphine (0.03 mg/kg, IM; group BA; 8) or hydromorphone (0.1 mg/kg, IM; group HA; 8). Vital signs and sedation scores were recorded immediately prior to (T0) and 10 minutes after (T1) treatment. Ease of IV catheter placement and pain scores were also evaluated. All rabbits received ketamine (2.5 mg/kg, IV), midazolam (0.13 mg/kg, IV), and meloxicam (0.5 mg/kg, SC) before orchiectomy but after IM treatments. Results were compared across groups with ANOVA or Fisher exact tests and across time with paired t tests. RESULTS Sedation score, median time to recumbency, and ease of catheter placement did not differ among groups. Supraglottic airway device placement was possible for 1 rabbit in group A, 1 in group BA, and 2 in group HA. Mean respiratory rate at T1 versus T0 was significantly decreased for groups BA (63.8 vs 128.6 breaths/min) and HA (66.7 vs 123.2 breaths/min). Mean postoperative pain scores were significantly lower for rabbits in group HA (0.58), compared with those in groups A (2.25) and BA (2.06). CLINICAL RELEVANCE All 3 treatments provided reliable sedation; however, alfaxalone (4 mg/kg, IM) combined with hydromorphone (0.1 mg/kg, IM) may be a better choice for painful procedures.
Hydromagnetic flow in planetary cores

Considerable publicity has accompanied Song and Richards' recent measurement of the rotation of the Earth's inner core and the observation of a reversal of the magnetic field in Glatzmaier and Roberts' computer model of the geodynamo. Additionally, the Galileo spacecraft has returned data suggesting the existence of magnetic fields in Io, Ganymede and perhaps Europa. These have given further impetus to the growing interest and activity in the problem of planetary magnetic-field generation and the core flows responsible for it. Here, the current understanding of this problem is reviewed in the light of many recent developments from theory, experiment and observation. The essential aspects of geodynamo theory are included, with further details being available in many recent reviews. The fundamental results of hydromagnetic flow in rapidly rotating systems are followed by a discussion of the latest thinking on the power source for the geodynamo. This replenishes the energy of some basic state but it may be instabilities of this basic state that result in the complex motions responsible for field generation. We discuss instabilities deriving their energy from buoyancy, the magnetic field and shear in the core flow. Our computational models can usually be run using an arbitrary choice of parameters. From this we learn of potential pitfalls when planetary values are used. In particular, the problems associated with the low values of the Ekman number E and Roberts number q are highlighted. Approaches to overcoming these are discussed and the resulting progress in producing full numerical dynamo models is reviewed. Finally, we discuss how the ideas and models developed primarily with the Earth in mind can be adapted and applied to the other planets and satellites known to have magnetic fields.
On the Probability of Winning with Different Tournament Procedures

Abstract Paired comparisons among competing items are analogous to games between contestants and the process of determining the winning item among t contestants is analogous to a tournament. In this paper four different types of tournaments are investigated for the eight-player case. Expressions are developed for (1) the probability that each player wins and (2) the expected number of games required. Examples are presented for comparison of tournament types and to study the effects of (a) the initial draw, (b) mis-classification when using a priori information in initial pairing, and (c) “byes. ” Some generalizations in terms of number of players and replication are developed.
Thermal conductivity of solid krypton with methane admixture

The thermal conductivity of CH4–Kr solid solutions is investigated at CH4 concentrations 0.2–5.0% in the temperature range 1.8–40 K. It is found that the temperature dependence of the thermal conductivity has features typical of resonance phonon scattering. The analysis of the experimental results shows that the main contribution to the impurity-caused scattering of phonons is made by the scattering on rotational excitations of the nuclear spin T-species of CH4 molecules. The phonon–rotation interaction parameter is estimated.