Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Waveguiding and correlated roughness effects in layered nanocomposite thin films studied by grazing-incidence small-angle x-ray scattering

Long-range interface correlations in C/Au/C and $\text{Ag}/{\text{Si}}_{3}{\text{N}}_{4}$ layered films consisting of metal nanoparticles embedded in amorphous matrices are investigated by atomic force microscopy, high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy, x-ray reflectivity, and grazing-incidence small-angle x-ray scattering (GISAXS). We demonstrate that the GISAXS intensity of such systems is modulated by waveguiding and correlated roughness effects, which involve the use of a dynamical scattering theory to analyze the experimental data and to distinguish between both effects. Direct imaging methods and GISAXS experiments combined with quantitative analysis within the distorted wave-Born approximation thus provide complementary information. While no roughness correlation is observed in the C/Au/C trilayers, the surface roughness of the ${\text{Si}}_{3}{\text{N}}_{4}$ capping layers in the $\text{Ag}/{\text{Si}}_{3}{\text{N}}_{4}$ bilayers replicate the topography of the Ag nanoparticles resulting in a partial correlation, which decreases as the ${\text{Si}}_{3}{\text{N}}_{4}$ thickness increases.
Normal Shock/Boundary-Layer Interaction Control Using Aeroelastic Mesoflaps

A normal shock/boundary-layer interaction control technique termed mesoflaps for aeroelastic recirculating transpiration has been investigated in a planar Mach 1.37 wind tunnel. In this flow-control system, an array of small flaps is mounted over a cavity; the flaps deflect aeroelastically under the pressure loads imposed by the normal shock, thereby allowing recirculation from downstream of the shock to upstream. Qualitative analysis of the mesoflap control was investigated with spark shadowgraph visualizations and oil-streak surface-flow visualizations, whereas quantitative analysis was achieved by measuring surface pressure distributions and boundary-layer velocity profiles. Nine different mesoflap arrays were investigated, in addition to the solid-wall reference case. It was found that flap thickness and, therefore, transpiration rate, had a demonstrable effect on static and total pressure recovery, in addition to boundary-layer integral properties. Although some of the arrays did not provide a performance benefit, one particular flap array was found to have significantly higher static and total pressure recoveries than the solid-wall reference case, while simultaneously demonstrating a reduction in boundary-layer momentum thickness and unchanged displacement thickness.
Design and Implementation of a Dual-Modal Ranging System Using Joint Calibration method

With the bottleneck of traffic image ranging and the development of LiDAR, which collected by LiDAR, point cloud has received more and more attention as a supplement to image data. In order to achieve accurate ranging with the help of point cloud data, this paper implements a vehicle distance detection system based on the camera and LiDAR with the help of PCL and ROS, using the semantic information of the camera and the distance information of the LiDAR. The test shows that the system can detect the vehicle distance more accurately, and can also be further applied to other intelligent traffic scenarios.
An Intelligent Defect Detection Algorithm for PCB based on Deep Learning

As an essential component of modern machines, printed circuit board (PCB) is widely used in various electronic products. Its quality significantly affects the quality of products. However, the production process of PCB is often accompanied with defects. In this paper, a defect detection algorithm is proposed. Data augmentation such as flipping, shifting, brightness adjustment, rotation, and Guass noise are carried out to diversify the dataset. You only look once (YOLO) v5s is then introduced to detect the PCB defects. Through parameter tuning and optimization, a trained detection model is achieved. F1-score and mean average precision (mAP) are used to assess the performance of the model. The experiment results show that the mAP and F1-score are 99.3% and 99.0%, respectively. The model developed based on YOLO-v5s algorithm can achieve superior performance, which is competent to detect the defects of PCBs.
Research on Campus Indoor and Outdoor Unmanned Vehicle Navigation Technology

In view of the technical difficulties in transporting information between different buildings for various sections on campus, this paper proposes a campus unmanned vehicle system. The system resolves the latitude and longitude of the location of the unmanned vehicle through APIs, and combines perimeter, city-wide, and rectangular range (on- screen) information based on a large amount of dynamic location (POI) data from geographic services to meet the location search needs of different scenarios. The Harris-SIFT algorithm is also applied to explore how the unmanned vehicle can work effectively in the indoor-outdoor environment of the campus. Through experimental verification, the unmanned vehicle navigation technology proposed in this paper can satisfy the unmanned vehicle's freedom to switch between indoor and outdoor environments and can perform delivery tasks accurately and stably.
Schenken Sie doch – schlechte Noten und geringere Elternbindung

Spielekonsolen gehören zu den beliebtesten Geschenken für die lieben Kleinen – nicht nur zu Weihnachten. Es geht um einen Milliardenmarkt, weswegen man besser nicht nachfragt, was denn mit den Kindern geschieht, wenn sie dann tatsächlich spielen. Denn es hat sich zwar herumgesprochen (5), dass all zu viel virtuelle makabre Gewalt sich vielleicht auch in der realen Welt ungünstig auswirkt, aber das Drücken irgendwelcher Knöpfe auf elektronischen Bildchen-Bimmel-Kästchen könne doch nun wirklich nicht schaden. Und wer dabei nicht mitmacht, so das im Fernsehen schon oft gehörte Argument, der werde zum Außenseiter, verliere Sozialkontakte, insbesondere zu Gleichaltrigen und Freunden.
Leitlinie zur Diagnostik und Therapie des Krampfaderleidens

Leitlinien sind systematisch erarbeitete Empfehlungen, um den Arzt in Klinik und Praxis bei Entscheidungen über eine angemessene Versorgung des Patienten im Rahmen spezi-fischer klinischer Umstände zu unterstützen. Leitlinien gelten für Standardsituationen und berücksichtigen die aktuellen, zu den entsprechenden Fragestellungen zur Verfügung stehenden wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnisse. Leitlinien bedürfen der ständigen Überprüfung und eventuell der Änderung auf dem Boden des wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnisstandes und der Praktikabilität in der tägli-chen Praxis. Durch die Leitlinien soll die Methodenfreiheit des Arztes nicht eingeschränkt werden. Ihre Beachtung garantiert nicht in jedem Fall den diagnostischen und therapeutischen Erfolg. Leitlinien erheben keinen Anspruch auf Vollständigkeit. Die Entscheidung über die Angemessenheit der zu ergreifenden Maßnahmen trifft der Arzt unter Berücksichtigung der individuellen Problematik.
A Compilation of Redshifts and Velocity Dispersions for ACO Clusters

We present a compilation of redshifts for 1572 Abell, Corwin, & Olowin (ACO) clusters, referenced to both the heliocentric and cosmic background radiation reference frames, and 395 velocity dispersions corrected to the reference frame of the cluster, available from the literature as of 1998 December. We present an additional list of 81 ACO clusters with published redshifts which are probably those of galaxies or groups superimposed on, or near, the ACO cluster position.
A comparative performance of antibacterial effectiveness of copper and silver coated textiles

During current COVID-19 crises, the antimicrobial textiles primarily those utilized in hospital by doctors and paramedical staff have become increasingly important. Thus, there is an unmet requirement to develop antimicrobial textiles for infection control and hygiene practices. Metallic nanoparticles exhibit great effectiveness towards resistant microbial species making them a potential solution to the increasing antibiotic resistance. Due to this, nanoparticles particularly copper and silver have become most prevalent forms of antibacterial finishing agents for the development of antimicrobial textiles. This review is mainly focused on the significance of copper and silver nanoparticles for the development of antimicrobial textiles. The comparative analysis of the antibacterial effectiveness of copper and silver nanoparticles as well as the possible physical and chemical interactions responsible for their antibacterial action are explained. The negative impact of pathogenic microbes on textiles and possible interactions of antimicrobial agents with microbes have also been highlighted. The significance of nanotechnology for the development of antimicrobial textiles and their applications in medical textiles domain have also been discussed. Various green synthesis and chemical methods used for the synthesis of Ag and Cu nanoparticles and their application on textile substrates to impart antimicrobial functionality have also been discussed. The various qualitative and quantitative standard testing protocols utilised for the antimicrobial characterization of textiles have also discussed in this review. The developed Cu and Ag coated textiles could be effectively applied in the field of hospital textiles for the preparation of antibacterial scrub suits, surgical gowns, panel covers, protective clothing, bedding textiles, coveralls, wound dressings, table covers, curtains, and chair covers etc.
Symptomatischer Clusterkopfschmerz

Zusammenfassung Die Erstdiagnose eines Clusterkopfschmerzes macht immer eine weitere Diagnostik zum Ausschluss einer sekundären Ursache notwendig. Eine ungewöhnliche Anamnese oder ein auffälliger neurologischer Untersuchungsbefund können auf eine symptomatische Kopfschmerzursache hinweisen, eine typische Anamnese und ein unauffälliger Untersuchungsbefund schließen jedoch einen sekundären Clusterkopfschmerz keinesfalls aus. Eine Zusatzuntersuchung mittels cMRT sollte bei Erstdiagnose immer durchgeführt werden. Hypophysäre Raumforderungen und Dissektionen der Hirnversorgenden Gefäße sind häufige Grunderkrankungen, die phänomenologisch als Clusterkopfschmerz erscheinen können. Die Therapie richtet sich nach der Ursache der Clusterkopfschmerzen.
Critical features of colossal magnetoresistive manganites

Colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) phenomena are observed in the perovskite-type hole-doped manganites in which the double-exchange ferromagnetic metal phase and the charge–orbital ordered antiferromagnetic phase compete with each other. The quenched disorder arising from the inherent chemical randomness or the intentional impurity doping may cause major modifications in the electronic phase diagram as well as in the magnetoelectronic properties near the bicritical point that is formed by such a competition of the two phases. One is the phase separation phenomenon on various time-scales (from static to dynamic) and on various length-scales (from glass-like nano to grain-like micron). The other is the enhanced phase fluctuation with anomalous reduction in the transition temperatures of the competing phases (and hence in the bicritical-point temperature). The highly effective suppression of such a phase fluctuation by an external magnetic field is assigned here to the most essential ingredient of the CMR physics. Such profound and dramatic features as appearing in the bicritical region are extensively discussed in this paper with ample examples of the material systems specially designed for this purpose. The unconventional phase-controls over the competing phases in terms of magnetic/electric fields and photo-excitations are also exemplified.
Spectroscopic investigation of impulse corona discharges

The spectra of corona discharges in air at atmospheric pressure, in a 06 m point-plane gap under positive impulse voltage, have been measured in the near-ultraviolet and visible regions. Two types of corona discharges have been investigated: the first corona which develops from the electrode tip; and the leader coronas which develop successively from the leader tip. The spectrum of the first corona appears to be due almost exclusively to molecular nitrogen (second positive system), while that of the leader coronas also contains some weaker radiation of molecular positive ions of nitrogen (first negative system) and oxygen (first and second negative system), together with some of the brighter lines of atomic oxygen. The radiation of molecular oxygen and atomic nitrogen does not appear with a measurable intensity. A comparison of the relative intensities of the N2 second positive and N2+ first negative bands with low-pressure data indicates that under high-pressure conditions the repartition of population in the various vibrational levels is affected by secondary deactivation processes (electronic and vibrational quenching). By taking into account such processes, the relative intensities of a number of these bands have been theoretically calculated for different electron energy distributions. A comparison between the present experimental and theoretical results shows that a Druyvesteyn energy distribution is more likely for the electrons in the avalanches developing in front of the streamer tip. Furthermore, this comparison makes possible the evaluation of the electron mean energy and the average field in these avalanches: they both turn out to be larger in the leader coronas than in the first corona. This difference in the electron mean energy is responsible for the different spectral characteristics of the first and leader coronas.
Neue Arzneimittel für Kleintiere 2016

Zusammenfassung Im Jahr 2016 kamen für Kleintiere zwei neue Wirkstoffe auf den deutschen Tierarzneimittelmarkt: das Mineralokortikoid Desoxycorticosteron (Zycortal®) und Sarolaner (Simparica®), ein Ektoparasitikum der Isoxazolingruppe. Ein Wirkstoff erhielt eine Tierartenerweiterung. So wurde Fluralaner (Bravecto®), ebenfalls ein Ektoparasitikum der Isoxazolingruppe, auch für Katzen zugelassen. Außerdem kamen ein Präparat mit einer neuen Wirkstoffkombination, ein Wirkstoff in Monozubereitung und zwei Wirkstoffe in einer neuen Darreichungsform für Kleintiere auf den Markt.
Crystalline silicates in the envelopes and discs around oxygen-rich asymptotic giant branch stars

ABSTRA C T We have modelled dust envelopes and discs around oxygen-rich asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars using optical properties of amorphous and crystalline silicate dust grains, paying close attention to the infrared observations of the stars including the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) data. Using the opacity functions for various mixtures of amorphous and crystalline silicates, we have calculated the radiative transfer model spectral energy distributions (SEDs) for the dust envelopes and discs. We have compared the model results with the observed SEDs of the stars. Using the averaged single grain population model for mixed amorphous and crystalline silicates, we find that spherical envelope models with about 10 to 20 per cent of crystalline silicates produce the observed crystalline emission features for high mass-loss rate AGB stars and there is virtually no evidence of the existence of crystalline silicates for low mass-loss rate stars. This would confirm the idea that crystalline silicates form only in dense envelopes around high mass-loss rate O-rich AGB stars. Additionally, we find that the crystalline content is higher for more dusty stars. For a spherical dust envelope, we argue that a fraction of silicates initially condensed in amorphous form may subsequently be annealed to become crystalline form in the inner region of the outflowing envelope. If dust formation temperature is 1000 K, the inner region of the envelope is hot (about 900 ‐ 1000 KU during an extended period of time (several hundred days) for a known crystallization process ‐ annealing. The process may not be effective for low mass-loss rate stars because the dust formation temperature is believed to be lower for weaker stellar winds. We have investigated the model SEDs produced by the geometrically thin and optically thick dust disc heated by a spherical dust envelope as well as a central star. We find that the crystalline silicate emission features are produced by the spherical envelope, not by the dust disc. The crystalline absorption features at the same wavelengths are produced by the dust disc.
Coherence changes of partially coherent beams in transmission through subwavelength metallic gratings

The transmission resonances occurring in the extraordinary light transmission through metallic films with subwavelength holes can be used to tailor the spectral transmission properties of periodic slit and hole arrays. In this work we study with rigorous numerical simulations the corresponding changes in the coherence properties of electromagnetic fields transmitted through periodic subwavelength metallic gratings with narrow linear slits. Our numerical results show that by choosing suitable parameters for the grating, the degree of coherence of the beam can be significantly increased. The studied approach offers new possibilities to alter the coherence properties of fields using nanophotonic components.
Trichophytie als Bestandsproblem in der Wahrnehmung praktizierender Tierärzte

Zusammenfassung Gegenstand und Ziel: Trichophytie wird in der Literatur als häufig vorkommende Erkrankung des Rindes beschrieben, tatsächlich erhobene Daten gibt es jedoch kaum. In Fallberichten wird die Erkrankung dagegen häufiger dargestellt. Wahrnehmung ist allerdings Voraussetzung für eine strategische Bekämpfung, die neben der Vakzination betriebliche Maßnahmen wie Reinigung und Desinfektion verlangt. Material und Methoden: Im Rahmen einer Fortbildungsveranstaltung wurden mit einem Fragebogen von 378 praktizierenden Tierärzten Einschätzungen zur Problematik der Trichophytie erhoben. Ergebnisse: Die überwiegende Mehrheit der Befragten war der Auffassung, dass Trichophytie als Bestandsproblem und Zoonose nicht ausreichend wahrgenommen wird, und gab an, die Erkrankung regelmäßig in Betrieben vorzufinden. Ebenso erklärte eine Mehrheit der Befragten, Trichophytie regelmäßig zu behandeln. Demgegenüber wurde die Wahrnehmung der Erkrankung in betroffenen Betrieben als unzureichend angesehen. Die Möglichkeit der Vakzination wurde durchgängig positiv bewertet. Schlussfolgerungen: Praktizierende Tierärzte nehmen Trichophytie als relevantes Problem der Tiergesundheit wahr. Hier besteht nach dem Urteil der Tierärzte ein Unterschied zu den betroffenen Betrieben selbst. Die Studie erlaubt die Schlussfolgerung, dass durch Aufklärungsmaßnahmen und gezielte Angebote Trichophytie in größerem Rahmen bekämpft werden könnte.
Multicellular factor analysis of single-cell data for a tissue-centric understanding of disease

Single-cell atlases across conditions are essential in the characterization of human disease. In these complex experimental designs, patient samples are profiled across distinct cell-types and clinical conditions to describe disease processes at the cellular level. However, most of the current analysis tools are limited to pairwise cross-condition comparisons, disregarding the multicellular nature of disease processes and the effects of other biological and technical factors in the variation of gene expression. Here we propose a computational framework for an unsupervised analysis of samples from cross-condition single-cell atlases and for the identification of multicellular programs associated with disease. Our strategy, that repurposes multi-omics factor analysis, incorporates the variation of patient samples across cell-types and enables the joint analysis of multiple patient cohorts, facilitating integration of atlases. We applied our analysis to a collection of acute and chronic human heart failure single-cell datasets and described multicellular processes of cardiac remodeling that were conserved in independent spatial and bulk transcriptomics datasets. In sum, our framework serves as an exploratory tool for unsupervised analysis of cross-condition single-cell atlas and allows for the integration of the measurements of patient cohorts across distinct data modalities, facilitating the generation of comprehensive tissue-centric understanding of disease. Graphical Abstract
New perturbation theory of random acceleration and formally similar problems

It is shown how an equation, due to roszag and kraichnan (1967), satisfied by the average of the solution of a linear random equation may be obtained very straightforwardly from an improved perturbation theory. This equation is the first member of a sequence of conditions, the imposition of which optimizes the convergence properties of the expansion.
Aircraft induced effects on Arctic polar stratospheric cloud formation

Stratospheric chemical transport models (CTM) have been used to calculate perturbations in HNO 3 and H 2 O due to stratospheric supersonic aircraft emissions of nitrogen oxides and water vapour. The perturbations were used as input to a detailed microphysical model to study the effects on Arctic polar stratospheric cloud (PSC) formation. Actual winter 1989/90 temperature histories from domain filling trajectories were used to calculate PSC particle types and surface areas, allowing the inherent temperature hysteresis in the life cycles of different PSC particle types to be taken into account. Increased concentrations of water vapour, caused by stratospheric aircraft emissions, imply higher freezing temperatures for ice in supercooled ternary solution liquid type PSC particles, required for the formation of solid type PSCs. A potential exists that the enhanced H 2 O concentrations may lead to more solid type PSC formation and thereby more widespread denitrification.
Fast magnetohydrodynamic oscillations in an elliptical coronal arcade

Aims. A model of a elliptically shaped coronal arcade with piecewise constant density is discussed to explore the effects of curvature on radially polarised fast modes. It is important to test whether the main results in the straight and cylindrical geometries can be extrapolated to these more complex equilibria. Methods. An equilibrium model for a force-free, line-tied elliptical arcade is introduced and a partial differential equation is derived for the velocity perturbation of the fast modes, which is solved analytically. The properties of the modes are studied in terms of the dispersion relation, which depends on the eccentricity, the arcade width, and the density contrast. Results. Modes mainly contained in the cavity below the arcade are also present, and have avoided crossings with the modes of the arcade. Even the fundamental mode becomes leaky due to curvature. Approximated relations are deduced for the frequency of the modes and the spatial structure is discussed, focusing on the different families through which a rich mode spectrum can be classified. Conclusions. The different types of modes of the spectrum are described and its relevance to observations is discussed. The periods obtained in Cartesian geometry provide a reasonable approximation, but this geometry lacks some other key ingredients: the damping rates are different and some types of modes present in the elliptical geometry are not sustained in the straight slab.
H∞ Robust Control for Networked Control System with Short Time-Delay

For a kind of networked control systems with short time-delay, establish discrete time-invariant system model. Construct the Lyapunov function based on the Lyapunov asymptotic stability principle. Using Linear Matrix Inequalities method given the sufficient condition of H∞ robust controller design method of closed-loop feedback control systems. Matlab simulation indicates the effectiveness and correctness of the controller design.