Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spatially Explicit Kirtland’s Warbler Habitat Management Scheduling in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula

A spatially explicit management strategy is presented for Kirtland’s Warbler (Setophaga kirtlandii) habitat on the Hiawatha National Forest in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula. The Hiawatha National Forest has a goal of continuously providing large patches of dense young jack pine for Kirtland’s warbler breeding habitat. The problem is challenging as patches of suitable habitat are relatively short lived, forcing large shifts in the location of large patches in the future. In this study, alternative management strategies for providing habitat are described, explicitly mapped, and compared on a 70,600 ha landscape in the context of implementing many desired conditions of the forest’s land management plan. Strategies are developed by using two interacting scheduling models. Comparisons address overall habitat levels, habitat spatial arrangement through time, and financial trade-offs. The financial cost of managing habitat is high and there are further financial trade-offs associated with aggregating habitat into large patches. Furthermore, the marginal cost of habitat increases as more habitat is added to the management system. Managers may use information about the added costs of spatially explicit habitat management to help evaluate the added benefits to the species. It is often expensive to establish wildlife habitat and desirable ecological conditions, but results show that there are potential benefits from using detailed computer-aided management scheduling tools to support the decision-making process.
Device Diagnosing Health of Bovine

The research problem taken into consideration for study dealt with the design of a low cost hand-held ZnO based sensing device for testing blood serum of bovine (cow), to diagnose their health of liver and kidney by detecting four biological parameters in-situ. Zinc oxide nanoparticles were synthesised by chemical bath deposition method. Using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), the size of ZnO nanoparticles were determined. It shows a hexagonal wurtzite structure with an orientation along the direction (101). TEM images show various morphological changes of nanostructured ZnO. The average crystallite sizes of ZnO molecule is found to be 0.004 nm from XRD. The constituents of nano sized ZnO are found to be of Zn (57.27%), Cl (33.01%), C (8.04%) and O (1.68%) as obtained from EDS. The samples of blood serum of bovine, avian and caprine are characterised by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Benesphera Avantor Performance (Biochemistry Analyser). ZnO based sensing device is designed with the help of Arduino and Microsoft visual basic 6.0 version software. The resistance of blood serum is taken into consideration for carrying out the experiment. It has been measured after adding ZnO (1 μl) to blood serum of (1 ml) to detect four biological parameters – Serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), Serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine of bovine more precisely. The device can indicate whether the blood serum of bovine have normal/diseased parameters. This device will also help the veterinarians in the field.
Effects of turmeric on reducing heterocyclic aromatic amines in Chinese tradition braised meat products and the underlying mechanism

Abstract Braised meat products are kinds of popular traditional meat food in China. However, current data on the formation of Amino‐carboline congeners Heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs) and the inhibitory methods in braised meat products are limited. In the present study, the inhibition effect of turmeric and curcumin on the formation of β‐carboline heterocyclic aromatic amines in braised meat were investigated. And the preliminary mechanism of curcumin inhibiting the formation of β‐carboline heterocyclic amines was also explored in the chemical model. The results indicated that 5% of turmeric could significantly inhibit the formation of harman (94.8%) and norharman (49.56%) in braised meat, and curcumin was one of the key active compound accounting for this effect. In the tryptophan model, 0.05 mmol of curcumin significantly inhibited the formation of norharman and harman by over 70% (p < .05). Further investigation indicated that curcumin inhibited the formation of β‐carboline heterocyclic amines mainly by inhibiting the formation of carbonyl compounds and 1,2,3,4‐Tetrahydro‐β‐carboline‐3‐carboxylic acid and scavenging β‐carboline HAAs. These results could provide a natural spice‐based method for reducing heterocyclic aromatic amines in Chinese tradition braised meat products.
Bimodal multilingual education: recognizing the linguistic resources of a diverse deaf world

ABSTRACT Although research of bilingualism in a single aural–oral linguistic mode is common, this has yet to be extended to visual–gestural modes of language use. This is a significant research gap, as deaf people and signed languages are agentic forces that contribute to a diverse global linguistic and sociocultural landscape. In this article, we present a current deaf bilingualism case study in Uruguay to explore ways that education may move beyond a focus on bimodal bilingualism to acquisition of multiple signed languages alongside a spoken one: bimodal multilingualism. We contextualize the Uruguayan case within a broader history of bilingual education and introduce the possibility of an educational initiative in which bimodal multilingual educational opportunities are available through Uruguayan Sign Language (LSU), Spanish, and American Sign Language (ASL). We suggest five areas to attune to as bimodal multilingual educational initiatives are pursued, attending to language vitality and viability related to a number of speakers, intergenerational language transmission, attitudes toward languages, domains of language use, availability of quality language materials, and responses to media use. Finally, we conclude with a call to bilingual education scholars to include an emergent horizon of bimodal multilingual education marked by acquisition of multiple signed languages.
Anti-bribery and corruption in sport mega-events: stakeholder perspectives

Abstract Sport mega-events are often accompanied by allegations of bribery and corruption, with concerns around corruption opportunities expected to continue into the 2020s. Research on anti-corruption around sport mega-events is important for understanding how these risks can be mitigated. This paper addresses the gap in knowledge surrounding anti-corruption issues associated with the organisation of sport mega-events. 39 interviews were conducted with anti-corruption specialists, sport governance officials, and stakeholders working in sport to gain their perspective on bribery and corruption issues and prevention in relation to sport mega-events. Thematic analysis was then conducted on the data. The results showed a consistency in perception with regards to the main issues and areas of concern for national and international sport governing bodies involved in organising sport mega-events, as well as providing a number of suggestions for addressing these through specific policies for implementation.
The Relationship between Hypomineralized Second Primary Molars and Molar Incisor Hypomineralization in a Group of School-Aged Children in Turkey

Abstract Objective This study aims to evaluate the relationship between hypomineralized second primary molars (HSPMs) and molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) and to determine the prevalence of HSPM in different severities of MIH. Materials and Methods The study included a total of 345 children aged 7 to 11, affected with MIH at various severities. Scoring for HSPM defects was adapted according to the European Academy of Pediatric Dentistry diagnostic criteria and applied by a single calibrated examiner. Comparative evaluation of HSPM at various MIH severities was tested using a single variable logistic regression analysis. An odds ratio at a 95% confidence interval was used to test the relation between HSPM and MIH. Results The prevalence of HSPM was 61.7% in MIH-affected children, whereas it was 2.6% in the control group (p < 0.001). The presence of HSPM and the increase in the number of affected teeth significantly raised the odds of the occurrence of MIH. HSPM prevalence was higher in children affected with milder MIH compared to those affected severely. The recorded defects were common as white-cream demarcated opacities without any loss of structure. Conclusion The prevalence of HSPM was significantly higher in children presenting MIH. Therefore, hypomineralization on the primary second molars pointed to an association between MIH and HSPM. For an early diagnosis of MIH, children presenting HSPM whose first permanent molars have not erupted yet should be followed up at regular intervals by pediatric dentists.
Pharmacological Interventions for the Treatment and Control of Shivering in Adult Patients Undergoing Elective Surgery Under Regional Anaesthesia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Intraoperative shivering is quite common after regional anaesthesia, which not only increases the total body oxygen requirement but also causes discomfort to the patients. The aim of this systematic review is to determine the effectiveness of pharmacological agents administered intra-operatively for treating shivering in adult patients who are undergoing elective surgery under regional (i.e., central neuraxial) anaesthesia so that an optimal choice of an agent can be recommended for clinical application. A literature search was carried out using PubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL databases, and hand searches to identify relevant studies. After literature screening and information extraction, a systematic review was performed. Meta-analysis was performed for the primary outcome. The primary outcome was to evaluate the effectiveness of pharmacological agents used for the treatment and control of intraoperative shivering and the time taken to control shivering. The secondary outcome includes recurrence of shivering after pharmacological intervention and identification of common adverse effects related to them. In total, 10 studies (791 patients) were included. Common interventions were opioids, central α2 receptor agonist, and few other medications like magnesium sulfate, ondansetron, nefopam, and amitriptyline. Tramadol and dexmedetomidine were the most frequently documented drugs compared with other drugs to resolve shivering. The most effective drug with approximately 100% response rate was dexmedetomidine with the dose of 0.5 μg kg−1 intravenously given just after the appearance of shivering. Studies showed that tramadol is also an effective drug used to control shivering in most patients, and its effect is comparable with the pethidine.
Antioxidative properties of selected Malaysian herbal plants

Antioxidant activities of nine herbal plants which are commonly used in Malaysia as folk medicines, namely Barringtonia racemosa (putat), Curcuma domestica (kunyit), Kaempferia galanga (cekur), Hydrocotyle bonariensis (pegaga embun), Centella asiatica (pegaga), Piper betel (sireh), Polygonum minus (kesum), Piper sarmentosum (kadok) and Cosmos caudatus (ulam raja) were examined. All of the herbs selected for all readily available for everyday use with a variety of uses well known since time immemorial. The study was conducted to see the appropriate dose to be used for commercial purposes. The compounds in leaf and rhizome were extracted using hot water (100 0C), fresh water and ethanol (80%), separately. Total antioxidant content were measured using ferric reducing power (FRAP), 1,1 diphenyl -2- picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging assay (DPPH) and X-carotene bleaching assay. Subsequently, the relevant antioxidant compounds; total carotenoids, total ascorbic, total flavonoids and total phenolic. Enzymatic antioxidants include superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POX) activities were determined. Anti-aging enzymes activities; anti-tyrosinase, anti-elastase and anti-hyaluronidase were also determined using spectrophotometry method. For FRAP assay, hot water extract of C. domestica (623.87 ± 0.01 mmol Fe2+/g DW) showed good activity and fresh water extractMof K. galanga exhibited a very strong antioxidant properties in DPPH assay with (83.27 ±0.01%). H. bonariensis leaf extract has been recognized to contain high antioxidant activity with (19.04 ± 0.01 %) using X-carotene bleaching assay. The rhizome extract of C.domestica showed the highest total carotenoid content of (0.04 ± 0.01 mg/mg FW) and leaf extract of P. sarmentosum indicated (1.72 ± 0.01 mg/g FW) for the highest total of ascorbic acid content. Level of total flavonoids in the herbal plants varied between (0.42 ± 0.00 and 6.28 ± 0.01 mg/g DW) and those of total phenolics between (2.78 ± 0.01 and 12.35 ± 0.01 mg/g DW). For enzymatic antioxidant activities, the results showed that C.domestica (0.42 ± 0.01 μmol/min/g FW), P. sarmentosum (0.14 ± 0.01 μmol/min/g FW),C. asiatica (0.76 ± 0.01 μmol/min/g FW), H. bonariensis (0.92 ± 0.01 μmol/min/g FW) and P. minus (0.38 ± 0.01 μmol/min/g FW) were higher in SOD, APX, GR, CAT and POX activity, respectively. The highest percentage of anti-tyrosinase activity is in fresh water extract of C. domestica rhizome (97.86 ± 0.02 %) using L-tyrosine as substrate. C.asiatica leaf exhibited a very good level of elastase and hyaluronidase inhibition with (84.53 ± 0.02%) and (81.01 ± 0.01%), respectively. The findings showed the potential of nine medicinal plants as powerful antioxidant that can be used in producing herbal based product in cosmetically and pharmaceutical.
Revising the trait‐based filtering framework to include interacting filters: Lessons from grassland restoration

A trait‐based framework of community assembly holds great promise for directing ecological restoration, both for selecting species with desirable traits and for manipulating community factors to enhance plant establishment and persistence. Dispersal, abiotic and biotic factors ‘filter’ species into local communities based on their traits, but interactions among these filters may complicate the use of trait‐based assembly models. In this paper, I review recent studies that apply community‐based theory to grassland restoration and propose a framework for incorporating interacting ecological filters into restoration design. Dispersal limits restoration success in many grassland communities while others are simultaneously limited by dispersal, environmental factors and biotic interactions. Furthermore, the relative importance of ecological filters can change over space and time. Species also differentially respond to filter manipulations which suggests that trait–environment relationships should be used to generate planting recommendations based on optimal trait values for interacting filters at a given site. Synthesis. A better understanding of how traits interact with dynamic community assembly filters will allow for site‐specific management recommendations, resulting in restored communities that are resilient to a range of filter modifications including climate change, invasion by non‐native species, and altered disturbance regimes.
Recent Advances in Cellulose-Based Structures as the Wound-Healing Biomaterials: A Clinically Oriented Review

Application of wound-healing/dressing biomaterials is amongst the most promising approaches for wound repair through protection from pathogen invasion/contamination, maintaining moisture, absorbing exudates, modulating inflammation, and facilitating the healing process. A wide range of materials are used to fabricate wound-healing/dressing biomaterials. Active wound-healing/dressings are next-generation alternatives for passive biomaterials, which provide a physical barrier and induce different biological activities, such as antibacterial, antioxidant, and proliferative effects. Cellulose-based biomaterials are particularly promising due to their tunable physical, chemical, mechanical, and biological properties, accessibility, low cost, and biocompatibility. A thorough description and analysis of wound-healing/dressing structures fabricated from cellulose-based biomaterials is discussed in this review. We emphasize and highlight the fabrication methods, applied bioactive molecules, and discuss the obtained results from in vitro and in vivo models of cellulose-based wound-healing biomaterials. This review paper revealed that cellulose-based biomaterials have promising potential as the wound-dressing/healing materials and can be integrated with various bioactive agents. Overall, cellulose-based biomaterials are shown to be effective and sophisticated structures for delivery applications, safe and multi-customizable dressings, or grafts for wound-healing applications.
Analytical Study and Comparison of Electromagnetic Characteristics of 8-Pole 9-Slot and 8-Pole 12-Slot Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines Considering Rotor Eccentricity

In this study, a magnetic field is analyzed using an analytical method and compared with the electromagnetic characteristics of 8-pole 9-slot and 8-pole 12-slot permanent magnet synchronous machines considering rotor eccentricity. The magnetic flux density and back electromotive force (EMF) are derived using perturbation theory and electromagnetic theory. First, the Fourier modeling of a permanent magnet is performed through magnetization modeling, and two analysis regions are set based on several assumptions for applying the analytical method. Accordingly, the governing equations of the analysis regions are derived in the form of Poisson and Laplace equations. In addition, the undefined coefficients of the general solutions are calculated through general solutions and appropriate boundary conditions, and the magnetic flux density and back EMF of the air gap region are derived based on the definition of the magnetic vector potential. The results obtained using the analytical method are compared with the finite element method and experimental results. In addition, we perform a torque analysis considering rotor eccentricity and analyze the torque ripple based on rotor eccentricity for two cases involving the pole/slot combination.
Modelling of an Amine-Organic Solvent based Carbon-Capture Process for Efficient Excess Heat Utilization

The vast emissions of CO2, the major cause of global warming, have to be addressed to meet the target to keep the global temperature increase relative to pre-industrial levels to below 2 oC. For existing emission-intensive industrial sites, a retrofit with post-combustion capture of CO2 and subsequent geological storage is an attractive option. Post-combustion processes based on chemical absorption are considered state of the art for carbon capture due to its extensive use in oil & gas industry and have been demonstrated in large scale. However, the costs associated with investment, solvent regeneration, carbon dioxide compression and required geological sequestration have prevented its deployment so far. This Master’s thesis develops a process model for a novel post-combustion carbon capture system based on a solution of 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) in the organic solvent Nmethyl-2-pyrrolidine (NMP). This is a precipitating system forming solid carbamate, which can be separated prior to regeneration to reduce the amount of material to be heated. The solvent has shown potential in lab-scale experiments to reduce the cost for the heat required for regeneration and for the compression work. The major advantage is the low temperature (70-90 oC) required for regenerating the AMP-NMP solvent aqueous monoethanolamine (MEA), which is the benchmark solvent, commonly requires 120 oC. This feature may allow for increased utilization of low-value excess heat to power the solvent regeneration. The model includes property data suitable for the organic solvent derived from experimental data. The model of the absorption process is designed to be able to describe the solid formation, which is an important part of this process. The model was adjusted to represent reality as close as possible and it follows expected trends when testing it for sensitivity towards key process parameters. The process model has been used to evaluate its performance and the sensitivity towards key process parameters. The process performance was compared to that of the benchmark MEA-process. Two cases were considered. The MEA-process is better for a constant CO2 capture rate of 90% from the steel-mill blast-furnace gas as it requires lower solvent circulating, smaller absorption column, and lower specific heat demand. The second case is an oil refinery, where the capture rate is adjusted so that only excess-heat at the corresponding reboiler temperatures is utilized to power the solvent regeneration. In this case, the higher amounts of excess-heat available at the lower reboiler temperature of AMP-NMP overcome the higher specific heat demand and the AMP-NMP outperforms the MEA process in terms of percentage of CO2 captured. In summary, the most important application for the AMP-NMP process is the possibility for efficient partial carbon capture when regeneration is driven by low-value excess heat.
An approach for multi-scale urban building data integration and enrichment through geometric matching and semantic web

ABSTRACT The advent of Web 2.0 has emerged abundant but often unstructured user-generated georeferenced data, such as those from Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) initiatives. In many cases, these data can be considered as complementary to the authoritative geospatial data. With the increasing availability of multi-source geospatial data, the efforts for geospatial data integration have gained momentum, aiming at gathering maximum information to answer sophisticated questions that cannot be answered using a single data source. Although there are various approaches employed for this purpose with different degrees of success, semantic web methods and tools have not been tested sufficiently in this scope, particularly for multi-scale urban building data integration and enrichment. Attempting to fill this gap, in this study, multi-source and multi-scale urban building data were integrated with a geometric matching method based on the overlapping area, then a geospatial ontology was developed to define multi-scale representations and detailed cardinality relations of the building features. Finally, some features from the geospatial ontology were then linked to popular knowledge bases such as DBpedia and YAGO. For the exploitation on the web, query and visualization processes were demonstrated using sample questions. The semantic web enabled to model complex cardinality of relations between the features from three different building data sets using inferencing and Semantic Web Rule Language (SWRL). The study showed that integrating different geospatial data sets as a knowledge base can facilitate answering sophisticated questions from different users.