Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
我が国におけるキノア（Chenopodium quinoa WILLD.）栽培に関する作物学的研究

本研究は，我が国でキノアの経済栽培を行う際に必要な基礎データを集収するために行ったものである．一連の研究の最初に，我が国の気象条件下でのキノアの播種適期を検討した．実験1では，南米の高地で栽培されているValleyタイプの品種と，高緯度・低地で栽培されているSea-levelタイプの品種を人工気象室内で栽培し，日長，気温が子実肥大および収量に及ぼす影響を調べ，播種適期を予測しようとした．Valleyタイプは，長日条件によって子実肥大が著しく抑制された．このため，関東地方南部においてValleyタイプを栽培する場合には，子実肥大期が短日条件にあたる7月以降に播種する必要があると考えられた．一方，Sea-levelタイプでは，子実肥大に日長は影響しなかったが，高温条件下で多収となった．そのため，子実肥大期が高温期にあたる3月～5月が播種に適すると考えられた．実験2では，上記のことを実証するために，屋外で播種時期を変えてポット栽培した．その結果においても，Valleyタイプは7月播種が，Sea-levelタイプは3月あるいは5月播種が，他の播種期に比べて高い収量を示したので，これらが関東地方南部における各タイプの播種適期であることが確認された．また，二つのタイプ間で収量を比較すると，Sea-levelタイプの3月，5月播種区の方がValleyタイプの7月播種区よりも多収であったことから，関東地方南部ではValleyタイプよりもSea-levelタイプの品種の方が適していると考えられた．
PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE OF EUCALYPTUS CAMALDULENSIS SEEDLINGS UNDER WATER DEFICIT CONDITIONS

Drought is one of the most serious environmental problems that critically affects plant growth and development. In the present study young Eucalyptus camaldulensis seedlings were grown under varying levels of irrigation. The main aim of this study was to investigate the response of Eucalyptus camaldulensis, an important forest tree species to water deficit conditions. To address this goal, Eucalyptus camaldulensis seedlings were maintained in long soil columns containing a mixture of silt: sand in a 2:1 ratio (by volume), respectively under nursery conditions. Growth performance was monitored by taking regular measurements of plant shoot height and stem diameter and the growth rates were determined. Total plant dry mass as well as root-to-shoot ratio were determined to evaluate the impact of water deficit on dry mass production and partitioning. The obtained results indicated that both plant shoot height and stem diameter were significantly reduced and the effect was most substantiated in the seedlings which were irrigated at the longest irrigation interval. Root and shoot growth were adversely affected and in consequence the total plant dry mass as well as root-to-shoot ratio assumed the same patterns like those observed in plant shoot height and stem diameter. These findings might strongly suggest that Eucalyptus camaldulensis is rather sensitive to water deficit conditions. Further experiments are required to provide answers underlying the physiological events responsible for the weak performance of Eucalyptus camaldulensis under water deficit conditions.
The Investigation of Discipline Problems About Teachers and Administrators Reported to the Provincial Directorate of Education/Yönetici ve Öğretmenler Hakkında İl Milli Eğitim Müdürlüğüne Yansıyan Disiplin Sorunlarının İncelenmesi

Bu calismanin amaci, okul ve egitim kurumlarinda gorevli yonetici ve ogretmenlerin istenmeyen davranislariyla ilgili son uc ogretim yilinda Antalya Milli Egitim Mudurlugune yansiyan disiplin olaylarini incelenmektir. Calismada, nitel arastirma yontemlerinden dokuman analizi yontemi kullanilmistir. Antalya Maarif Mufettisleri Baskanliginin inceleme ve sorusturmaya iliskin son uc ogretim yilina ait kayitlari incelenmistir. Son uc ogretim yilinda ceza alan yonetici orani yaklasik % 6, ogretmen orani yaklasik % 1’dir. Yoneticilere ve ogretmenlere uygulanan cezalarin buyuk bir cogunlugu ayliktan kesme ve daha hafif cezalaridir. Bes boyutta 23 ayri istenmeyen davranis turu tespit edilmistir. Ise, ogrencilere, okul calisanlarina ve velilere yonelik istenmeyen davranislar, en cok tekrarlanan davranislardir.
Visitor Survey of Day use and overnight use at Oregon State Park Coastal Region Parks

at Oregon State University (OSU) for their technical support for this project. Special thanks to Mark Needham (OSU) for his technical advice on statistical procedures used in data analysis for this report. Goddard, and Allison Mangini are thanked for their assistance with survey administration. staff are thanked for their assistance with data collection and entry. Jill Nishball is thanked for her efforts in the recruitment of camp hosts for day-use data collection. A special thank you is extended to all of the day users and overnight users who took time to complete questionnaires. Objectives Understanding opinions of park users about issues such as the quality of facilities, social and resource conditions, and how they use these parks is critical to providing adequate programs and services. Project objectives were to describe day and overnight user activities, demographic characteristics, and opinions about conditions and management at parks in the Oregon State Park Coastal Region and provide recommendations for maintaining or improving conditions at these parks. Methods Data were obtained from questionnaires administered to randomly selected samples of day users at nine day-use and ten overnight parks in Oregon State Park's Coastal Region between July 2 and August 14, 2011. Separate methods were used for each of these visitor types. The total number of completed questionnaires was n = 9,005 with a response rate of 61%. Completed questionnaires were received from n = 4,491 day users (75% response rate) and n = 5,646 overnight users (55% response rate). These combined sample sizes across survey methods allow generalizations about the population of day users at all Coastal parks sampled at a margin of ± 1.7%, overnight users at ± 1.3%, and both day and overnight users at ± 1.0% at the 95% confidence level. The day user surveys involved on-site intercepts. The overnight visitor surveys involved an internet survey of visitors who stayed overnight at the parks during the survey period and made a reservation through Reservations Northwest. Data were weighted by day-use and overnight user population proportions calculated from a three year average of park visitation statistics to ensure that responses were representative of the total population of all users across all parks sampled. Results Personal and Visit Characteristics  The most popular activities were visiting the lighthouse* (86%), walking or hiking (69%), beachcombing (53%), sightseeing (52%), exploring tidepools** (43%), and visiting historic sites (41%); the least popular were scuba diving / snorkeling …
Developing an algorithm for Fingerprint Recognition of Newborns and Toddlers based on Deep Neural Networks and Transfer Learning

In the late 19th century, Sir Galton started the use of fingerprint recognition as a method for baby identification. However, even after the extent two centuries, fingerprint identification for newborns and toddlers has not advanced to the same level as that for adults. According to research from the International Centre for Missing and Exploited Children, there is a growing request for fingerprint identification of babies because more than a million of them go missing each year. So, we want to ensure that newborns and toddlers have access to their rights, including vaccinations, healthcare, and nutritional supplements until they reach school age. This paper develops an algorithm that has been used in previous research to recognize newborns and toddlers to produce remarkable and promising results by Pre-trained model deep neural networks and transfer learning to extract the deep features and to get the identification score, aiming to enhance accuracy and validate. The proposed model is validated on the fingerprint dataset of babies named as NITG dataset. The fingerprint recognition model proposed in the research showcases excellent results, where achieved 100% accuracy in training and 90.35% in validation.
Navigating the Landscape of Hydrocortisone Administration in Septic Shock: Current Concepts and Future Directions

Sepsis remains a formidable challenge in critical care medicine, often culminating in a life-threatening condition known as septic shock. This review article navigates the intricate landscape of hydrocortisone administration in septic shock management, delving into historical perspectives, current evidence, controversies, mechanisms of action, practical considerations, and the importance of precision medicine. Hydrocortisone's role as an adjunctive therapy is explored, highlighting its potential to stabilize hemodynamics, mitigate the inflammatory response, and improve patient outcomes. However, debates persist regarding patient selection, dosing regimens, safety profiles, and long-term consequences. The future of septic shock management lies in emerging therapies, precision medicine approaches, biomarker discovery, and targeted interventions. Moving forward, exploring novel therapeutic avenues, understanding patient-specific responses, and uncovering potential biomarkers will be crucial in advancing septic shock treatment strategies. Clinical guidelines provide a foundation, but individualized patient care, interdisciplinary collaboration, and ongoing research are essential to optimize treatment strategies. This article underscores the call for continued research and evidence-based practice as we strive to enhance the care of septic shock patients and pursue improved outcomes in this critical condition. Embracing future developments in the field will enable us to adapt and refine our approach, ultimately contributing to the advancement of septic shock management.
Moist Process Biases in Simulations of the Madden–Julian Oscillation Episodes Observed during the AMIE/DYNAMO Field Campaign

AbstractTwo Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) episodes observed during the 2011 Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program MJO Investigation Experiment (AMIE)/DYNAMO field campaign are simulated using a regional model with various cumulus parameterizations, a regional cloud-permitting model, and a global variable-resolution model with a high-resolution region centered over the tropical Indian Ocean. Model biases in relationships relevant to existing instability theories of MJO are examined and their relative contributions to the overall model errors are quantified using a linear statistical model. The model simulations capture the observed approximately log-linear relationship between moisture saturation fraction and precipitation, but precipitation associated with the given saturation fraction is overestimated especially at low saturation fraction values. This bias is a major contributor to the excessive precipitation during the suppressed phase of MJO. After accounting for this bias using a linear statisti.
HDAC1-Mediated lncRNA Stimulatory Factor of Follicular Development to Inhibit the Apoptosis of Granulosa Cells and Regulate Sexual Maturity through miR-202-3p-COX1 Axis

Abnormal sexual maturity exhibits significant detrimental effects on adult health outcomes, and previous studies have indicated that targeting histone acetylation might serve as a potential therapeutic approach to regulate sexual maturity. However, the mechanisms that account for it remain to be further elucidated. Using the mouse model, we showed that Trichostatin A (TSA), a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, downregulated the protein level of Hdac1 in ovaries to promote the apoptosis of granulosa cells (GCs), and thus arrested follicular development and delayed sexual maturity. Using porcine GCs as a cell model, a novel sexual maturity-associated lncRNA, which was named as the stimulatory factor of follicular development (SFFD), transcribed from mitochondrion and mediated by HDAC1, was identified using RNA sequencing. Mechanistically, HDAC1 knockdown significantly reduced the H3K27ac level at the −953/−661 region of SFFD to epigenetically inhibit its transcription. SFFD knockdown released miR-202-3p to reduce the expression of cyclooxygenase 1 (COX1), an essential rate-limited enzyme involved in prostaglandin synthesis. This reduction inhibited the proliferation and secretion of 17β-estradiol (E2) while promoting the apoptosis of GCs. Consequently, follicular development was arrested and sexual maturity was delayed. Taken together, HDAC1 knockdown-mediated SFFD downregulation promoted the apoptosis of GCs through the miR-202-3p-COX1 axis and lead to delayed sexual maturity. Our findings reveal a novel regulatory network modulated by HDAC1, and HDAC1-mediated SFFD may be a promising new therapeutic target to treat delayed sexual maturity.
Millet cultivation across Eurasia: Origins, spread, and the influence of seasonal climate

The two East Asian millets, broomcorn (Panicum miliaceum) and foxtail millet (Setaria italica), spread across Eurasia and became important crops by the second millennium BC. The earliest indisputable archaeobotanical remains of broomcorn millet outside of East Asia identified thus far date to the end of the third millennium BC in eastern Kazakhstan. By the end of the second millennium BC, broomcorn millet cultivation had spread to the rest of Central Eurasia and to Eastern Europe. Both millets are well suited to an arid ecology where the dominant portion of the annual precipitation falls during the warm summer months. Indeed, the earliest sites with millet remains outside of East Asia are restricted to a narrow foothill ecocline between 800 and 2000 m a.s. l. , where summer precipitation is relatively high (about 125 mm or more, from May through October). Ethnohistorically, millets, as fast-growing, warm-season crops, were commonly cultivated as a way to reduce agricultural risk and were grown as a low-investment rain-fed summer crop. In Eurasian regions with moist winters and very low summer precipitation, the prevailing agricultural regime had long depended on winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) and barley (Hordeum vulgare) cultivated with supplemental irrigation. We propose that the secondary wave of millet cultivation that spread into the summer-dry regions of southern Central Asia is associated with an intensification of productive economies in general, and specifically with the expansion of centrally organized irrigation works.
Exploring the effects of temperature on the mechanical properties of high-entropy alloy (CoCrFeNiAl0.1) based on molecular dynamics simulation

In order to further explore the influence of temperature on the face-centered cubic (FCC) single-phase crystal CoCrFeNiAl0.1, we conducted a series of Nano-indentation experiments on CoCrFeNiAl0.1 at different temperatures. At room temperature, the effects of indentation can convert a portion of CoCrFeNiAl0.1’s FCC phase into a funnel-shaped hexagonal close-packed (HCP) phase, resulting less deformation on the sides of the indenter. What we analyzed shows that CoCrFeNiAl0.1’s HCP phase has excellent heat resistance and mechanics, allowing CoCrFeNiAl0.1 to maintain great properties in high-temperature environments. However, if T ⩾ 1500 K, high temperature will decrease the number of the HCP phases and dislocation density, leading to an accelerated decline in material strength. This research can provide a theoretical relationship between temperature and microstructural evolution for the research and application of CoCrFeNiAl0.1 in high-temperature environments.
Latitudinal patterns of amino acid cycling and plant N uptake among North American forest ecosystems

Interest in the role of organic nitrogen (N) to the N economy of forest ecosystems is gaining momentum as ecologists revise the traditional paradigm in N cycling to emphasize the importance of depolymerization of soil organic matter (SOM) in controlling the bioavailability of N in forest soils. Still, there has yet to be a coordinated effort aimed at developing general patterns for soil organic N cycling across ecosystems that vary in climate, SOM quality, plant taxa, or dominant mycorrhizal association: ectomycorrhizae (EM) vs. arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM). In this study, experimental additions of CN-glycine and NH4 were traced in situ through fine root and soil N pools for six North American forest ecosystems in an effort to define patterns of plant and microbial N utilization among divergent forest types. Recovery of N in extractable soil pools varied by N form, forest type, and sampling period. At all sites, immobilization by the soil microbial biomass represented the largest short-term (<24 h) biotic sink for NH4 and amino acid-N, but differences in microbial turnover of the two N forms were linked to cross-ecosystem differences in SOM quality, particularly the availability of labile carbon (C). At the conclusion of the experiment, microbial N turnover had transferred the majority of immobilized N to nonextractable soil N pools. By comparison, fine root uptake of NH4 and glycine-N was low (<10% total tracer recovery), but N enrichment of this pool was still increasing at the final sampling period. Since there was no significant loss of N tracer within the bulk soil after 14 days for any forest type except sugar maple, it suggests plants have the
Ethical Considerations in Using Artificial Intelligence to Improve Teaching and Learning

One way that AI could improve the educational experience is by making it more individualized and efficient. However, there are a number of ethical concerns that have to be addressed as a result of this accomplishment. This study discusses some of the major ethical challenges posed by AI in the classroom, as well as some potential answers to those problems. The use of AI in the classroom raises serious questions about data privacy and security. Massive volumes of student data are collected and analyzed by AI systems, necessitating robust security measures. Clear communication and informed permission regarding data handling are crucial in solving these privacy issues. Another ethical problem with AI is the potential for discrimination and prejudice. As a result of inherent biases in their training data, AI systems may unfairly disadvantage specific demographics of students. Concerns about bias and unfairness in AI-powered learning technologies persist. Decisions made by AI must be explicable and open to scrutiny. Understanding how AI systems create recommendations and assessments is important for students, teachers, and leaders. Both trust and responsibility in the classroom benefit from more openness. The ethical implications of AI for educators and the field as a whole also need to be considered. Technology should complement teachers rather than replace them. The usage of AI and the training of educators are essential to this shift. The goal of this study is to study the impact of ethical issues factors by using AI in T&L & to identify the impact of AI Factors on T&L (Teaching & Learning).
Photodynamic Therapy Supported by Antitumor Lipids

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) destroys tumors by generating cytotoxic oxidants that induce oxidative stress in targeted cancer cells. Antitumor lipids developed for cancer therapy act also by inflicting similar stress. The present study investigated whether tumor response to PDT can be improved by adjuvant treatment with such lipids using the prototype molecule edelfosine. Cellular stress intensity following Photofrin-based PDT, edelfosine treatment, or their combination was assessed by the expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) on the surface of treated SCCVII tumor cells by FITC-conjugated anti-HSP70 antibody staining and flow cytometry. Surface HSP70 levels that became elevated after either PDT or edelfosine rose much higher after their combined treatment. The impact of Photofrin-PDT-plus-edelfosine treatment was studied with three types of tumor models grown in syngeneic mice. With both SCCVII squamous cell carcinomas and MCA205 fibrosarcoma, the greatest impact was with edelfosine peritumoral injection at 24 h after PDT, which substantially improved tumor cure rates. With Lewis lung carcinomas, edelfosine was highly effective in elevating PDT-mediated tumor cure rates even when injected peritumorally immediately after PDT. Edelfosine used before PDT was ineffective as adjuvant with all tumor models. The study findings provide proof-in-principle for use of cancer lipids with tumor PDT.
On the Development of Descriptor-Based Machine Learning Models for Thermodynamic Properties: Part 1—From Data Collection to Model Construction: Understanding of the Methods and Their Effects

In the present work, a multi-angle approach is adopted to develop two ML-QSPR models for the prediction of the enthalpy of formation and the entropy of molecules, in their ideal gas state. The molecules were represented by high-dimensional vectors of structural and physico-chemical characteristics (i.e., descriptors). In this sense, an overview is provided of the possible methods that can be employed at each step of the ML-QSPR procedure (i.e., data preprocessing, dimensionality reduction and model construction) and an attempt is made to increase the understanding of the effects related to a given choice or method on the model performance, interpretability and applicability domain. At the same time, the well-known OECD principles for the validation of (Q)SAR models are also considered and addressed. The employed data set is a good representation of two common problems in ML-QSPR modeling, namely the high-dimensional descriptor-based representation and the high chemical diversity of the molecules. This diversity effectively impacts the subsequent applicability of the developed models to a new molecule. The data set complexity is addressed through customized data preprocessing techniques and genetic algorithms. The former improves the data quality while limiting the loss of information, while the latter allows for the automatic identification of the most important descriptors, in accordance with a physical interpretation. The best performances are obtained with Lasso linear models (MAE test = 25.2 kJ/mol for the enthalpy and 17.9 J/mol/K for the entropy). Finally, the overall developed procedure is also tested on various enthalpy and entropy related data sets from the literature to check its applicability to other problems and competing performances are obtained, highlighting that different methods and molecular representations can lead to good performances.
The Influence of Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors on Mitochondrial Activity, Lipid Content, and Fatty-Acid-Binding Protein Levels in Microglial HMC3 Cells

Despite the availability of a wide range of preventive measures and comprehensive treatment options following infection, the development of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) remains a persistent challenge. Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) represent the most commonly utilized therapeutic approach, despite being on the pharmaceutical market for nearly four decades. During this time, a spectrum of side effects ranging from mild discomfort and hypersensitivity reactions to the more prevalent nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity has been documented. In light of these considerations, our study aimed to investigate the impacts of two NRTIs, lamivudine and zidovudine, on lipid metabolism in HMC3 microglial cells. Our findings revealed statistically significant reductions in the ATP levels (nearly 8%) and increased mitochondrial superoxide levels (around 10%) after 24 h of treatment with the maximum therapeutic concentration of zidovudine compared to the untreated microglial cells. Furthermore, the concentrations of fatty-acid-binding proteins 4 and 5 were significantly lower (approximately 40%) in the microglial cells that were exposed to NRTIs than in the untreated cells. Notably, the total lipid concentration within the microglial cells markedly increased following NRTI administration with a 13% rise after treatment with 10 µM lamivudine and a remarkable 70% surge following the administration of 6 µM zidovudine. These results suggest that the prolonged administration of NRTIs may potentially lead to lipid accumulation, posing a significant risk to the delicate homeostasis of the neuronal system and potentially triggering a pro-inflammatory response in microglial cells.
COMPILATION OF EXPERIENCES IN THE FIELD OF CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION, SOIL MANAGEMENT AND PASTORALISM IN DRY AND SUB-HUMID LANDS

1. Paragraph 8 (c) of decision IX/17 on the biodiversity of dry and sub-humid lands requests the Executive Secretary, in cooperation with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification and other relevant organizations and collaborators to prepare a compilation of experiences in the field of climate-change mitigation and adaptation, soil management and pastoralism in dry and sub-humid lands.