Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Ozone Pretreatment on Fissure Sealant Adaptation and Retention

ABSTRACT Pit and fissure sealants (PFSs) are the optimal treatment options to prevent occlusal caries. The aim of this in-vitro study was to evaluate the effect of ozone pretreatment on dental PFS retention when applied before or after acid etching. The retention of the PFSs was tested by microtensile bond strength test, scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis, and microleakage evaluation. The present study found that sealant application with ozone pretreatment at a concentration of 60–80 µg/mL for 40 seconds, especially when used after acid etching, resulted in significantly less microleakage formation and better sealant penetration than traditional sealant application; however, it had no significant effect on bond strength.
Hydrogen Peroxide and Iron: A Proposed System for Decomposition of Wood by Brown-rot Basidiomycetes

Low concentrations of H 2 O 2 and Fe ++ caused rapid weight loss of wood of sweetgum and loblolly pine. The degree of polymerization of cellulose in treated woods decreased rapidly at low weight loss and then diminished gradually. The alkali solubility of exposed woods increased rapidly at low weight loss and was inversely related to the degree of polymerization. The H 2 O 2 -Fe system solubilized hemicelluloses of both woods more readily than cellulose. Lignin of sweetgum, but not pine, was changed so that it was solubilized by strong acid hydrolysis. The optimal pH for weight loss was about 3.3 for sweetgum and 3.0 for pine. Wood of both species absorbed much of the available Fe from solution. The literature suggests that brown-rot is oxidative rather than being strictly hydrolytic. The H 2 O 2 -Fe ++ system oxidizes cotton cellulose, and it essentially reproduced in wood and wood cellulose, characteristics of brown-rot basidiomycetes. These fungi produce H 2 O 2 from native substrates in wood (Koenigs, 1974) and the optimal pH for degradation. Thus, it is proposed that these fungi may attack cellulose and partly decay wood via an H 2 O 2 -Fe ++ system.
Brief Note on Juvenile Diabetes

Adolescent diabetes is alluded to as type 1 diabetes with the acknowledgment that the illness can happen at whatever stage in life. Normal for type 1A diabetes is the presence of at least one islet autoantibodies responding with GAD65 (glutamate decarboxylase), insulin, IA-2 (insulinoma antigen-2) as well as ZnT8 (zinc carrier 8). The most widely recognized type of youth beginning diabetes in Western social orders is type 1A however upwards of one portion of Hispanic, African American and Asian kids creating diabetes in the U.S., have different types of diabetes (lacking islet autoantibodies) including a ketosis inclined structure with discontinuous abatements [1]. Two significant types of diabetes pathology are recognized by the presence or nonattendance of pseudoatrophic islets (Pattern A: with all or a subset of islets coming up short on all insulin emitting beta cells normally in a lobular example; Pattern B: islets with diminished B-cells per islet however all islets for certain beta cells [2]. Example A seems, by all accounts, to be a pathologic sine qua non of type 1A diabetes in spite of the fact that there are uncommon issues that can likewise prompt pseudoatrophic islets [e.g. Wolfram's disorder DIDMOAD (diabetes insipidus, diabetes mellitus, optic decay and deafness)]. Pancreas from patients with type 2 diabetes and likely ketosis inclined diabetes (type 1.5) have design B. In the event that beta cells are available in a patient with type diabetes, their circulation is normally lobular and the islets hyper-express class I HLA particles [3].
The influence of instrumental line shape degradation on NDACC gas retrievals: total column and profile

Abstract. We simulated instrumental line shape (ILS) degradations with respect to typical types of misalignment, and compared their influence on each NDACC (Network for Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change) gas. The sensitivities of the total column, the root mean square (rms) of the fitting residual, the total random uncertainty, the total systematic uncertainty, the total uncertainty, degrees of freedom for signal (DOFs), and the profile with respect to different levels of ILS degradation for all current standard NDACC gases, i.e. O3 , HNO3 , HCl, HF, ClONO2 , CH4 , CO, N2O , C2H6 , and HCN, were investigated. The influence of an imperfect ILS on NDACC gases' retrieval was assessed, and the consistency under different meteorological conditions and solar zenith angles (SZAs) were examined. The study concluded that the influence of ILS degradation can be approximated by the linear sum of individual modulation efficiency (ME) amplitude influence and phase error (PE) influence. The PE influence is of secondary importance compared with the ME amplitude. Generally, the stratospheric gases are more sensitive to ILS degradation than the tropospheric gases, and the positive ME influence is larger than the negative ME. For a typical ILS degradation (10 %), the total columns of stratospheric gases O3 , HNO3 , HCl, HF, and ClONO2 changed by 1.9, 0.7, 4, 3, and 23 %, respectively, while the columns of tropospheric gases CH4 , CO, N2O , C2H6 , and HCN changed by 0.04, 2.1, 0.2, 1.1, and 0.75 %, respectively. In order to suppress the fractional difference in the total column for ClONO2 and other NDACC gases within 10 and 1 %, respectively, the maximum positive ME degradations for O3 , HNO3 , HCl, HF, ClONO2 , CO, C2H6 , and HCN should be less than 6, 15, 5, 5, 5, 5, 9, and 13 %, respectively; the maximum negative ME degradations for O3 , HCl, and HF should be less than 6, 12, and 12 %, respectively; the influence of ILS degradation on CH4 and N2O can be regarded as being negligible.
Smart Photonic Crystal Hydrogel Material for Uranyl Ion Monitoring and Removal in Water

Uranyl ion (UO22+) pollution is a serious environmental problem, and developing novel adsorption materials is essential for UO22+ monitoring and removal. Although some progress is achieved, it is still a challenging task to develop an adsorption material with indicating signal for real‐time evaluation of the adsorption degree and the UO22+ concentration. Herein, this paper describes a smart photonic crystal hydrogel (PCH) material, which not only can be used for real‐time monitoring function but also can be utilized for UO22+ removal based on the chelation of UO22+ with ligand groups in PCH material. The working principle is based on the binding of a uranyl ion to multiple ligand groups, which results in the shrinkage of PCH material and triggers a blue‐shift of diffraction wavelength. Consequently, the adsorption degree and the UO22+ concentration can be sensitively evaluated by measuring the diffraction shift or observing the color change with naked eye. With this PCH material, the lowest detectable concentration for UO22+ is 10 × 10−9m, and the maximum adsorption capacity at 298 K is 169.67 mmol kg−1. In addition, this material also holds good selectivity and regeneration feature, and shows desirable performance for UO22+ analysis in real water samples.
Pediatric chronic kidney disease: Manifestations and evaluation

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is unique in children due to varying etiology, manifestation, and impact. Whereas it is far a lesser burden compared with adult CKD, childhood CKD has a psychosocial impact on caregivers, impair growth, quality of life, and ultimately associated with increased mortality. We summarize the manifestation, diagnosis, and evaluation of a child with CKD, whose early detection, and appropriate management will improve their outcome. Thus, we hope this will be valuable to the general medical practitioners, and pediatricians in the care of children with CKD.
Noninvasive celiac plexus radiosurgery in palliative treatment for patients with symptomatic pancreatic cancer

Advanced pancreatic cancer is commonly associated with significant visceral pain, radiating in a belt-like distribution to the upper abdomen, referring to the lower back, and significantly affecting patients’ quality of life (QoL). The pain is often poorly controlled by pharmacotherapy, or the doses necessary to control the pain produce substantial adverse effects. Other available pain management options include invasive celiac plexus block or neurolysis, palliative radiotherapy, and systemic chemotherapy, all with limited efficacy. In this case report, we present the first non-invasive celiac plexus radiosurgery performed in Europe in a patient with pancreatic cancer, demonstrating that significant pain relief can be achieved through a non-invasive procedure performed within 2 outpatient visits.
Détermination expérimentale des isothermes de sorption et de la chaleur isostérique des feuilles d'absinthe et de menthe pouliot

La determination des isothermes de sorption est une etape indispensable et un moyen privilegie pour connaitre la repartition et l'intensite des liaisons de l'eau dans les produits agro-alimentaires. Ces isothermes permettent de determiner la teneur en eau finale a atteindre pour optimiser les conditions de stockage et de sechage de ces produits et donnent des informations precieuses sur l'equilibre hygroscopique du produit a secher et a conserver. Cette etude vise d'une part a determiner experimentalement les isothermes de desorption et d'adsorption de deux plantes en l'occurrence l'absinthe (Artemisia arborescens) et la menthe pouliot (Mentha pulegium). Les resultats experimentaux sont ensuite lisses par le modele de GAB pour la description de l'etat d'equilibre de ces produits et leurs chaleurs isosteriques.
Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Surgery for Pituitary Adenoma. Early Experience in Sohag University Hospitals

Objective: To report the results of our first series of patients undergoing a purely endoscopic endonasal approach for pituitary surgery in Sohag University Hospitals. Patients and Methods: We reviewed 20 consecutive patients during the period from January 2017 to January 2020 with pituitary adenoma who underwent purely endoscopic transsphenoidal resection of their lesions. The patients’ clinical outcomes, degrees of tumor removal, and complications were reported. Results: There were 18 primary and 2 recurrent adenomas (19 nonfunctioning and 1 functioning GH secreting adenoma). The average degree of gross total removal for tumors was 70%, C.S. F leak occurred in 20%, diabetes insipidus in 10% and sellar hemorrhage in 5%. There was no post-operative mortality, vascular injury, sphenoiditis, septal perforation, epistaxis or general complication. Conclusion: A purely endoscopic approach for pituitary adenoma treatment is a safe and effective alternative to the traditional microscopic procedure.
Comparación de las leyes sobre el consumo de bolsas plásticas en Perú y Chile

Una de las principales causas del problema ambiental es el uso indiscriminado del plástico, en especial de las bolsas; por ello, se establecen acuerdos para reducir su producción, distribución y uso, de modo que algunos gobiernos han promulgado normativas que buscan alcanzar este objetivo. En el presente artículo, se analizan las propuestas de Chile y Perú, aplicadas en el 2018 y casi de manera simultánea. Se realiza también una síntesis de ambas leyes y se compara, mostrando algunas diferencias en el aspecto económico y social.
REVIEW JURNAL: PEMANFAATAN ETOSOM SEBAGAI BENTUK SEDIAAN PATCH JOURNAL REVIEW: UTILIZATION THE ETHOSOME AS A PHARMACEUTICAL PATCH

Ethosome is delivery system in the form of soft and elastic vesicles with the main components, namely phospholipids, alcohol with a high enough concentration (20-45%), and water. Ethosomes can increase drug penetration further into the skin due to the presence of phospholipids and ethanol. Ethosomes can also deliver drugs to reach the systemic circulation so they are very suitable as a carrier for transdermal preparations, especially patches. The use of ethosomes in transdermal patch preparations can increase the penetration, permeability, and bioavailability of a drug. This review provides information on the use of ethosomes as a pharmaceutical patch.
Developing and Optimization of Fragmented Electroactive Biofilm Reactor (FAB) to Increase Microbial Fuel Cell Bioelectricity Generation and Treatment Performance

BackgroundMicrobial fuel cells (MFCs) drawbacks are anode (cathode) limitation and electrochemical loss. Engineering the biofilm for enhanced attachment to the electrode is the prospect of MFC. Recent studies, recommend the formation of thick anode biofilm that could result in a synergetic effect between microbial communities. To address these issues, a microbial electrode jacket dish (MEJ-dish) was invented that supports microbial growth over the anode electrode surface. The MFC reactor with MEJ-dish was hypothesized to develop a fragment of biofilm (thick and thin) across the electrode. This reactor is called a fragmented electroactive biofilm-microbial fuel cell reactor (FAB-MFC). ResultsThe maximum voltage generated (0.87 V) was recorded in FAB-MFC. In addition, during the first 3-10 days, the FAB system enables to significantly (p<0.05) maximize the voltage generation at pH variation from 6.5 to 7.5. However, at alkaline pH 8.5, the FAB system generates a lower voltage relative to non-FAB. On the contrary, in FAB reactors the COD removal was improved regardless of pH variation (6.5-8.5). This shows, unlike voltage generation, the biofilms (either electroactive or not) formation were vital for COD removal even without voltage generation. At acidic and neutral pH (7.5), the fragmented (hybrid) biofilm formation across the bioelectrode (anode) could not only important for voltage generation but also contributes to the effective functioning of electroactive biofilm (EABs) growth and development by reducing the effect of pH variation. To address this contradictory effect of increasing COD removal associated with the lower voltage at higher pH, might be to use both FAB and non-FAB in a single MFC reactor. There might be a mutualistic effect across the bioelectrode biofilms.ConclusionsThis study showed that the voltage generated was significantly higher in FAB-MFC as compared with non-FAB-MFC setup within limited pH (6.5-7.5); relatively, COD removal was enhanced within wider pH 6.5-8.5. This supports the conclusion that biofilm formed across the FAB was vital for COD removal, even though not participated in voltage generation. However, this might be affected by the degradable organic content and the nature of the microbial community in the inoculum and domestic wastewater, which requires further studies.
A Three-Stage Multitimescale Framework for Online Dispatch in a Microgrid With EVs and Renewable Energy

To accomplish more practical charging dispatch for electric vehicles (EVs) and effectively consider the multiuncertainties of renewable energy and load demand, this article presents a three-stage multitimescale framework for online dispatch of a grid-connected microgrid. In the first stage, a reference scheduling model is proposed to obtain the referral plans with a sampling period of 30 min. Considering these uncertainties, the second stage proposes a real-time operation method based on stochastic model predictive control, with a sampling period of 10 min, to update the referral plans by minimizing the deviation of the real results from the referral results. To sufficiently capture the operations of EV charging, a rule-based energy management model for the EV charging station is designed in the third stage. The controller of the third stage runs every minute and allocates the charging station power to the available EVs while meeting the charging demand and technical constraints. Numerical simulations are used to investigate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed dispatch framework. The simulation results show that the proposed framework reaches 98% of ideal performance achieved by off-line optimization.
Assessment of dough rheological characteristics and soft bread roll quality of wheat flour incorporated with seaweed powder

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the effects of incorporating seaweed composite flour on soft roll dough rheological characteristics and quality.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, wheat flour was substituted with seaweed powder obtained from red seaweed (Kappaphycus alvarezii) at varying proportions (100:0; 99:1; 98:2; 97:3; 96:4; 95:5, 94:6, 93:7 and 92:8) and applied in soft roll production. The effects of seaweed composite flour were evaluated in terms of rheological characteristics, proximate composition and physical properties. The sensory characteristics of the soft rolls was evaluated by 40 untrained panellists by using a hedonic scale.FindingsFarinograph analysis of the soft roll doughs showed that the incorporation of seaweed powder promoted an increase in water absorption, development time and mixing tolerance index, whereas it decreased stability time. Analysis of the proximate composition of the soft rolls showed that protein and carbohydrate contents decreased, but moisture, ash and crude fibre contents substantially increased. Dietary fibre increased with the increase in the proportion of seaweed powder added. The specific volume, bulk density and firmness of the soft rolls ranged from 3.01 to 5.48 cm3/g, 0.18 to 0.33 g/cm3 and 1.86 to 20.63 N, respectively. Sensory evaluation results showed that the mean score of sensory attributes decreased as the proportion of seaweed powder added was increased in the formulations. With regard to the overall acceptability, the panellists preferred the soft rolls with the least amount of seaweed powder added. The results of hedonic tests revealed that the panellists' acceptance decreased as higher amounts seaweed powder were added in the formulations.Originality/valueThis study showed that the seaweed powder of K. alvarezii can be utilised as an ingredient to improve the nutrient composition of baked products.
Detecting and Classifying Typhoon Information from Chinese News Based on a Neural Network Model

Typhoons are major natural disasters in China. Much typhoon information is contained in a large number of network media resources, such as news reports and volunteered geographic information (VGI) data, and these are the implicit data sources for typhoon research. However, two problems arise when using typhoon information from Chinese news reports. Since the Chinese language lacks natural delimiters, word segmentation error results in trigger mismatches. Additionally, the polysemy of Chinese affects the classification of triggers. Second, there is no authoritative classification system for typhoon events. This paper defines a classification system for typhoon events, and then uses the system in a neural network model, lattice-structured bidirectional long–short-term memory with a conditional random field (BiLSTM-CRF), to detect these events in Chinese online news. A typhoon dataset is created using texts from the China Weather Typhoon Network. Three other datasets are generated from general Chinese web pages. Experiments on these four datasets show that the model can tackle the problems mentioned above and accurately detect typhoon events in Chinese news reports.
Biological albedo reduction on ice sheets, glaciers, and snowfields

Abstract The global cryosphere, Earth's frozen water, is in precipitous decline. The ongoing and predicted impacts of cryosphere loss are diverse, ranging from disappearance of entire biomes to crises of water availability. Covering approximately one-fifth of the planet, mass loss from the terrestrial cryosphere is driven primarily by a warming atmosphere but reductions in albedo (the proportion of reflected light) also contribute by increasing absorption of solar radiation. In addition to dust and other abiotic impurities, biological communities substantially reduce albedo worldwide. In this review, we provide a global synthesis of biological albedo reduction (BAR) in terrestrial snow and ice ecosystems. We first focus on known drivers—algal blooms and cryoconite (granular sediment on the ice that includes both mineral and biological material)—as they account for much of the biological albedo variability in snow and ice habitats. We then consider an array of potential drivers of BAR whose impacts may be overlooked, such as arthropod deposition, resident organisms (e.g., dark-bodied glacier ice worms), and larger vertebrates, including humans, that transiently visit the cryosphere. We consider both primary (e.g., BAR due to the presence of pigmented algal cells) and indirect (e.g., nutrient addition from arthropod deposition) effects, as well as interactions among biological groups (e.g., birds feeding on ice worms). Collectively, we highlight that in many cases, overlooked drivers and interactions among factors have considerable potential to alter BAR, perhaps rivaling the direct effects of algal blooms and cryoconite. We conclude by highlighting knowledge gaps for the field with an emphasis on the underrepresentation of genomic tools, understudied areas (particularly high-elevation glaciers at tropical latitudes), and a dearth of temporal sampling in current efforts. We detail a global framework for long-term BAR monitoring that, if implemented, would yield a tremendous amount of insight for BAR and would be particularly valuable in light of the rapid ecological and physical changes occurring in the contemporary cryosphere.
The Effect of Social Media Use on Depression in Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

* Corresponding Author: Mina Vesal, PhD. Address: Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Isfahan University, Isfahan, Iran. Tel: +98 (917) 1879378 E-mail: mvesal@edu.ui. ac.ir 1. Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Isfahan University, Isfahan, Iran. 2. Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran. *Mina Vesal1 , Changiz Rahimi2
A Comparative Analysis Of Financial Performance Of Conventional And Islamic Banks In Indonesia

This study aims to analyze the differences in financial performance between conventional banks and Islamic banks. Financial performance is measured through capital, asset quality, earnings, and liquidity. The unit of analysis was carried out on conventional banks and Islamic banks during the research period of 2014-2018. This research uses descriptive and comparative methods. The sampling method used was two-stage cluster sampling and purposive sampling. Observations were made on three conventional banks and three Islamic banks. The method of analysis used a mean difference test with the t test statistic at a significance level of 5%. The results showed that there was a significant difference in the capital of conventional banks and Islamic banks, conventional banks had better capital performance than Islamic banks. There is a significant difference between the asset quality of conventional banks and Islamic banks. Conventional banks have better asset quality performance than Islamic banks. There is a significant difference in earnings between conventional banks and Islamic banks. Conventional banks have better earnings performance than Islamic banks. There is a significant difference between the liquidity of conventional banks and Islamic banks. Islamic banks have better liquidity performance than conventional banks.