Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
FORMATION OF INFORMATION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES

The purpose of the article is to generalize and present the peculiarities of the process of forming a system of information support for the management of agricultural enterprises in Ukraine. Methodology. General scientific (generalization, comparison, induction and deduction) and empirical and theoretical methods (analysis, synthesis) were used in the research. The use of system-structural analysis made it possible to identify the main features of the process of forming a system of information support for the management of agricultural enterprises in Ukraine. The results of the study showed that with the help of big data analysis in agriculture it is possible to remotely detect problems that can be used to identify nutrient deficiencies, diseases, lack or excess of water, pest and weed infestation, insect damage, etc. It is determined that the use of analytical tools based on the analysis of geographic information systems data is useful in modeling and mapping, which can be used to predict crop yields. Practical implications. The results of the study can be used in the management of agricultural enterprises in Ukraine. The obtained results can be directed to further research on the analysis of big data in agriculture in the management of agricultural enterprises. Value / originality. The scientific novelty of the results obtained is determined by the solution of an important scientific task, which is to develop theoretical provisions and practical recommendations for the formation of a system of information support for the management of agricultural enterprises in Ukraine. The work has further developed research on the use and analysis of big data in agriculture in the management of agricultural enterprises in Ukraine.
The masses of globular clusters. II - Velocity dispersions and mass-to-light ratios

These velocity dispersions were incorporated into King's self-consistent globular cluster models to determine the cluster masses. The require length scales were determined from comparison of King's theoretical surface density distributions with surface brightness and star distributions. This aspect of the program was described in Paper I. The masses of these concentrated clusters range from 1.7 x 10/sup 5/ M/sub sun/ to 1.1 x 10/sup 6/ M/sub sun/. Absolute integrated magnitudes from Paper I were combined with the mass estimates to give M/L values. The (M/L/subv//sub sun/) values range from 0.9 to 2.9 with a mean of 1.6. (AIP)
Reflectance confocal microscope for imaging oral tissues in vivo, potentially with line scanning as a low-cost approach for clinical use

Reflectance confocal microscopy with a line scanning approach potentially offers a smaller, simpler and less expensive approach than traditional methods of point scanning for imaging in living tissues. With one moving mechanical element (galvanometric scanner), a linear array detector and off-the-shelf optics, we designed a compact (102x102x76mm) line scanning confocal reflectance microscope (LSCRM) for imaging human tissues in vivo in a clinical setting. Custom-designed electronics, based on field programmable gate array (FPGA) logic has been developed. With 405 nm illumination and a custom objective lens of numerical aperture 0.5, lateral resolution was measured to be 0.8 um (calculated 0.64 um). The calculated optical sectioning is 3.2 um. Preliminary imaging shows nuclear and cellular detail in human skin and oral epithelium in vivo. Blood flow is also visualized in the deeper connective tissue (lamina propria) in oral mucosa. Since a line is confocal only in one dimension (parallel) but not in the other, the detection is more sensitive to multiply scattered out of focus background noise than in the traditional point scanning configuration. Based on the results of our translational studies thus far, a simpler, smaller and lower-cost approach based on a LSCRM appears to be promising for clinical imaging.
Optimal control of linear systems with time-delay and observation noise

The problem of controlling a linear system to minimize a quadratic cost criterion is investigated when the system output is a delayed linear combination of system states corrupted by additive observation noise. It is shown that the optimal control is generated by the cascade combination of a Kalman filter and a least mean-squared predictor. Expressions are derived for the minimum cost and for the state variances.
Quantitative numerical and experimental studies of the shock accelerated heterogeneous bubbles motion

This work deals with quantitative comparisons between experimental and numerical results for shock-bubbles interactions. The bubbles are filled with three different gases (nitrogen, krypton and helium) surrounded by air in order to investigate all kind of density jumps across the interface. For each case, three incident shock wave intensities are also studied. The experiments are led by using a shock tube coupled with a visualization diagnostic device: the T80 shock tube [G. Jourdan, L. Houas, L. Schwaederle, G. Layes, R. Carrey, and F. Diaz, “A new variable inclination shock tube for multiple investigations,” Shock Waves 13, 501 (2004)]. Considering the same initial and geometrical conditions, the numerical results are obtained with the help of a recent numerical method: the discrete equations method [R. Abgrall and R. Saurel, “Discrete equations for physical and numerical compressible multiphase mixtures,” J. Comput. Phys. 186, 361 (2003); R. Saurel, S. Gavrilyuk, and F. Renaud, “A multiphase model with.
Development and Performance Evaluation of an IoT-Integrated Breath Analyzer

Although alcohol consumption may produce effects that can be beneficial or harmful, alcohol consumption prevails among communities around the globe. Additionally, alcohol consumption patterns may be associated with several factors among communities and individuals. Numerous technologies and methods are implemented to enhance the detection and tracking of alcohol consumption, such as vehicle-integrated and wearable devices. In this paper, we present a cellular-based Internet of Things (IoT) implementation in a breath analyzer to enable data collection from multiple users via a single device. Cellular technology using hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) was implemented as an IoT gateway. IoT integration enabled the direct retrieval of information from a database relative to the device and direct upload of data from the device onto the database. A manually developed threshold algorithm was implemented to quantify alcohol concentrations within a range from 0 to 200 mcg/100 mL breath alcohol content using electrochemical reactions in a fuel-cell sensor. Two data collections were performed: one was used for the development of the model and was split into two sets for model development and on-machine validation, and another was used as an experimental verification test. An overall accuracy of 98.16% was achieved, and relative standard deviations within the range from 1.41% to 2.69% were achieved, indicating the reliable repeatability of the results. The implication of this paper is that the developed device (an IoT-integrated breath analyzer) may provide practical assistance for healthcare representatives and researchers when conducting studies involving the detection and data collection of alcohol consumption patterns.
Hydrodynamic diffusive behavior of fine particle assemblage passing through nonuniform granular porous media

Abstract We numerically investigated how fine particle assemblages move through pore space of granular media filled with fluid on the assumption of extremely small Reynolds number and Stokes number. We calculated the particle trajectories passing through granular bed with uniform and nonuniform structures by the Stokesian dynamics method, which can take into account hydrodynamic interactions between particles. It was observed that the particle assemblage was moving complexly while avoiding granular bed, resulting in hydrodynamic diffusion. The hydrodynamic diffusive behavior in the traveling and lateral directions was evaluated using the index D h, which means the particles dispersion increases per unit time. By comparison with the uniform granular bed, it was found that the hydrodynamically-diffusive behavior in the nonuniform bed was quite distinctive. Particularly, in the lateral direction, the particle assemblages showed both positive and negative spreading depending on the non-uniformity. The present results indicate that the relationship between a nonuniform structure and the index D h could be applied to various engineering processes such as separating and sorting fine particles.
A two-dimensional hybrid model of the Hall thruster discharge

Particle-in-cell methods are used for ions and neutrals. Probabilistic methods are implemented for ionization, charge-exchange collisions, gas injection, and particle-wall interaction. A diffusive macroscopic model is proposed for the strongly magnetized electron population. Cross-field electron transport includes wall collisionality and Bohm-type diffusion, the last one dominating in most of the discharge. Plasma quasineutrality applies except for space-charge sheaths, which are modeled taking into consideration secondary-electron-emission and space-charge saturation. Specific weighting algorithms are developed in order to fulfil the Bohm condition on the ion flow at the boundaries of the quasineutral domain. The consequence is the full development of the radial plasma structure and correct values for ion losses at lateral walls. The model gains in insight and physical consistency over a previous version, but thrust efficiency is lower than in experiments, indicating that further model refinement of some.
The chemical composition of PNG 135.9+55.9, the most oxygen poor planetary nebula

PN G 135.9 +55.9 is an extraordinary nebula discovered recently in the Galactic halo (Tovmassian et al. 2001). The first studies estimated its oxygen abundance to be 1/100 of the solar value or even less. Being extremely metal-poor, PNG 135.9+55.9 offers an unprecedented opportunity to check our understanding of the evolution of intermediate-mass stars at very low metallicity, by complementing the data obtained from metal-poor giants (Spite et al 2005). Indeed, PNG 135.9+55.9 and some of those stars are snapshots of the evolution of very similar stars at different times. We present our most recent abundance analysis for this object, providing stringent limits on the abundances of C, N, O, and Ne, to be confronted with the predictions for the yields of low metallicity intermediate mass stars.
A time-dependent dispersion model based on Lagrangian correlation / Modèle de dispersion dépendant du temps et basé sur une corrélation Lagrangienne

ABSTRACT A time-dependent modified Fickian type model in which the longitudinal dispersion process is considered as consisting of three stages is presented. The first stage is for t/t0  0.1, the second stage is for 0.1 < t/t0 < 20, and the third stage is for t/t0  20. The Lagrangian time scale t0 used here for longitudinal dispersion is considered as different from the corresponding t0 defined for diffusion. The approach has both theoretical as well as empirical bases. Calibration of the first stage of the model has been carried out using laboratory data. Satisfactory predictions have been obtained for a limited range of data.
Higher Education Students’ Social Media Platform Preferences for Educational Purposes

The aim of the study is to determine the preference rankings higher education students’ social media platform preferences for educational purposes. The most used social media platforms in which people spend their time are respectively Instagram, TikTok, YouTube, WhatsApp, and Facebook in Turkey. These nine social media platforms were scaled using the method of pair-wise comparison. Participants of the study were 492 higher education students in Turkey. Data analysis was done using the Thurstone V. equation of state equation. In this research, social media tools preferred by higher education students for educational purposes are listed respectively as Instagram, WhatsApp, YouTube, Twitter, Snapchat, Telegram, Pinterest, Facebook/FB Messenger and TikTok. Also, the preferences of female and male higher education students upon social media tools for educational purposes are examined. According to this for female students it is listed respectively as WhatsApp, Instagram, YouTube, Twitter, Snapchat, Pinterest, Telegram, TikTok and Facebook/FB Messenger; and for male students, it is listed respectively as Instagram, WhatsApp, YouTube, Twitter, Telegram, Facebook/FB Messenger, Snapchat, and Pinterest. El objetivo del estudio es determinar las clasificaciones de preferencia de las preferencias de la plataforma de redes sociales de los estudiantes de educación superior con fines educativos. La plataforma de redes sociales más utilizada en la que las personas pasan más tiempo son Instagram, TikTok, YouTube, WhatsApp y Facebook en Turquía. Estas nueve plataformas de redes sociales se escalaron utilizando el método de comparación por pares. Los participantes del estudio fueron 492 estudiantes de educación superior en Turquía. El análisis de los datos se realizó utilizando la ecuación de estado de Thurstone V. En esta investigación, las herramientas de redes sociales preferidas por los estudiantes de educación superior con fines educativos se enumeran respectivamente como Instagram, WhatsApp, YouTube, Twitter, Snapchat, Telegram, Pinterest, Facebook / FB Messenger y TikTok. Además, se examinan las preferencias de los estudiantes de educación superior de ambos sexos sobre las herramientas de medios sociales con fines educativos. De acuerdo con esto, para las estudiantes femeninas, se enumera respectivamente como WhatsApp, Instagram, YouTube, Twitter, Snapchat, Pinterest, Telegram, TikTok y Facebook / FB Messenger; y para los estudiantes masculinos, se enumera respectivamente como Instagram, WhatsApp, YouTube, Twitter, Telegram, Facebook / FB Messenger, Snapchat y Pinterest.
Research on ATO Control Method for Urban Rail Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning

Aiming at the problems of punctuality, parking accuracy and energy saving of urban rail train operation, an intelligent control method for automatic train operation (ATO) based on deep Q network (DQN) is proposed. The train dynamics model is established under the condition of satisfying the safety principle and various constraints of automatic driving of urban rail train. Considering the transformation rules and sequences of working conditions between train stations, the agent in the DQN algorithm is used as the train controller to adjust the train automatic driving strategy in real time according to the train operating state and operating environment, and optimizes the generation of the train automatic driving curve. Taking the Beijing Yizhuang Subway line as an example, the simulation test results show that the DQN urban rail train control method reduces energy consumption by 12.32% compared with the traditional train PID control method, and improves the running punctuality and parking accuracy; at the same time, the DQN train automatically driving control method can adjust the train running state in real time and dynamically, and has good adaptability and robustness to the change of train running environment parameters.
Characterization of Electronic States of TiO2 Powders by Photoacoustic Spectroscopy

We have measured the optical absorption of TiO2 powders by photoacoustic (PA) spectroscopy, which is powerful for detecting small amounts of strongly scattering materials. The band-gap energies Eg of rutile and anatase types of TiO2 powders with particle radii of 40 nm are 3.06 eV and 3.20 eV, respectively, from PA intensity and PA phase spectra, indicating the usefulness of PA spectroscopy. The PA intensity and phase spectra show that the Eg of anatase-type TiO2 powders with a particle radius of 11 nm is 3.25 eV (blue shift) within the experimental accuracy, indicating the possible onset of a quantum size effect with decreasing particle size. The PA intensities plotted semilogarithmically vary linearly with photon energy immediately below the band-gap, in accordance with Urbach's rule (exponential tail). The slope of the exponential absorption of rutile-type TiO2 powders is larger than that of the anatase, indicating that the anatase-type has increasing energy from the displacement of atoms specifically due to oxygen vacancies and/or chlorine impurities in the production processes of the powders.
UV photoluminescence from small particles of calcium cadmium sulfide solid solutions

Calcium cadmium sulfide solid solutions have been of interest as white cathodoluminescent display materials and microcrystalline UV photoluminescent emission sources for some time. Refinements in the processing of dilute solutions of CdS in CaS have stimulated efforts to gain a greater understanding of the mechanisms giving rise to intense UV photoluminescence. The work presented here is focused on the processing of Ca1−xCdxS in the composition range x = 0.001–0.2 with particular interest in the lower cadmium concentrations. Samples at the latter concentrations were prepared, characterized and found to consist of particles in the size range 50–1000 nm. The photoluminescence, excited optimally at 298 nm, created a dominant single and symmetrical peak at 370 nm (3.35 eV) with a FWHM of 65 nm for these lower concentrations; this was much sharper than any previously reported work on these materials. The sharpness of the peak appears to coincide with a reduction in particle size. With increasing cadmium concentration, this short wavelength emission band became distorted in symmetry and exhibited a red shift. This was seen as being indicative of a solid solution in which Cd substituted into the Ca sub-lattice. At shorter exciting wavelengths down to 250 nm (4.95 eV) in Ca0.99Cd0. 01S, which was beyond the absorption edge of CaS, the dominant emission peak at 370 nm had declined in intensity by two orders of magnitude and was barely perceptible.
Effects of Cheonggukjang (Fermented Soybean) on the Development of Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer in Mice

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common type of cancer and is caused by multiple factors. Chronic inflammation, known to cause inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), is closely associated with CRC. Cheonggukjang (CJ), a traditional Korean fermented soybean, is a functional food with anti-inflammatory effects in the intestines, but its anti-cancer effects have not yet been explored. In this study, we investigated the cancer-protective effects of cheonggukjang in an azoxymethane/DSS (AOM/DSS)-induced colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) mouse model. The CJ alleviated AOM/DSS-induced pathological symptoms such as colonic shortening, increased spleen weight, tumor formation, and histological changes. It also modulated pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine levels via the suppression of NF-κB and inflammatory mediator signaling pathways. Furthermore, the CJ improved intestinal integrity by regulating mucin-associated and tight junction proteins. In addition, it suppressed tumor growth by regulating apoptosis and proliferation. These results highlight the anti-tumor effects of CJ in an AOM/DSS-induced CAC mouse model.
Where Demonstratives Meet Vagueness: Possible Languages

The A. presents three invented languages, in order to support a claim that vagueness and demonstrativity are related. One of them handles vagueness like English handles demonstratives, the second handles demonstratives like English handles vagueness, and the third combines the resources of the first two. The argument depends on the claim that all three can be learned and used by anyone who can speak English
Synthesis and perspectives on the study of ant‐plant interaction networks: A global overview

In recent decades, the interest in complexity of ant‐plant relationships has increased considerably. However, because the spatial and biological information generated on ant‐plant interaction networks is dispersed in the literature it is necessary to synthesise current information, detect knowledge gaps, and outline needs for research leading to the development of a broad and systematic view on the subject. Here, we present a global synthesis of the scientific articles dealing with ant‐plant interaction networks, through a quantitative scientometric analysis to establish the state of the art in this topic and to propose future perspectives. We gather 54 articles published between 2006 and 2020 in 32 different scientific journals, which were written by 132 different authors. The studies were conducted in 15 countries and 9 biomes (most of them (61%) were in tropical lowlands), but Brazil and Mexico represented 87% of the global scientific production. Although most studies are related to ant‐plant interactions involving extrafloral nectaries (72%) usually in diurnal samplings, we also found other types of ant‐plant relationships such as floral nectar, extrafloral nectar, sap, myrmecophyte, seed/fruit, foraging substrate, and nesting sites. Furthermore, most studies used a bipartite framework of ant‐plant interaction mediated by only one type of resource, and researchers often reported a nested pattern of species interactions. Finally, we identify some regions, biotic interactions involving different types of resources, spatio‐temporal scales, and research questions that need further research for a better understanding of the complexity ant‐plant networks.
A MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE CHEMOSTAT WITH A GENERAL CLASS OF FUNCTIONS DESCRIBING NUTRIENT UPTAKE

A model of the chemostat involving n microorganisms competing for a single essential, growth-limiting substrate is considered. Instead of assuming the familiar Michaelis-Menten kinetics for nutrient uptake, a general class of functions is used which includes all monotone increasing uptake functions, but which also allows uptake functions that describe inhibition by the substrate at high concentrations.The qualitative behaviour of this generalized model is determined analytically. It is shown that the behaviour depends intimately upon certain parameters. Provided that all the parameters are distinct (which is a biologically reaonable assumption), at most one competitor survives. The substrate and the surviving competitor (if one exists), approach limiting values. Thus there is competitive exclusion. However, unlike the standard model, in certain cases the outcome is initial condition dependent.
Analysis of Strain Transfer in FBG-Based Embedded Optical Fiber 3-D Shape Sensor

The FBG-based embedded optical fiber 3-D shape sensor (FBG-EOFSS) composed of several different materials finds potential applications in various industrial and medical applications. The strain loss during the strain transfer affects the change of the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor’s wavelength, which in turn deteriorates the position accuracy. In this article, first, we analyzed the strain transfer in FBG-EOFSS and derived the optical–mechanical transformation equation. Then, a strain transfer model combining mechanics, materials, and optics is developed based on the finite-element analysis (FEA) method. The FEA simulation results show that the strain transfer rate decreases by 27.7%/mm with the increase of the adhesive thickness under FBG. The optimal average strain transfer rate is about 0.97 when the elastic modulus of the adhesive is in the range of 109–1014 Pa. Moreover, the effect of the strain transfer on the position accuracy is analyzed. The relative position error of 3-D shape reconstruction increases by 8.4% with the strain transfer rate decreasing by 10%. Finally, an experimental system composed of the clamp, the displacement stage, and the FBG demodulator is developed. The strain sensitivity coefficients of bare FBGs and FBG sensors were tested quantitatively. The corresponding average strain transfer rate was calculated by the strain sensitivity coefficients. The results can potentially conduce to the design of 3-D shape sensors and improve the positioning accuracy.