Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study Effect of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) on Energy Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Selected Oil-producing Countries

The current trend of increasing energy consumption in the world has brought about two major crises for humanity. The first one is environmental pollution and the running out of energy resources. Energy supply is one of the fundamental requirements of economic development and improving the quality of human life. Since the industrial revolution in the mid-18th century, the ever-growing consumption of energy in the world has been continued. Further, Carbon Dioxide emitted during the combustion of fossil fuels has exerted irreversible and threatening changes in the world. Today, experts and researchers are looking for sustainable development and some strategies to reduce energy consumption and environmental pollution. Using ICT has been considered to be one of the effective solutions to achieve these goals. Due to the adverse economic and environmental consequences, as well as the continuous increase of greenhouse gas emissions, there is an emergent need to conduct some inquiries to identify the source of problems and propose some efficient coping strategies. The present study is conducted to investigate the relationship between carbon dioxide emissions, energy consumption, ICT development index, and economic growth. For this purpose, the data panel method was utilized for selected oil producing countries from 1998 to 2011. The results of model estimation revealed that the Kuznets hypothesis was confirmed in the period under investigation and also the development of ICT had a positive effect on reducing energy consumption and air pollution.
A User-Centric Analysis of Social Media for Stock Market Prediction

Social media platforms such as Twitter or StockTwits are widely used for sharing stock market opinions between investors, traders, and entrepreneurs. Empirically, previous work has shown that the content posted on these social media platforms can be leveraged to predict various aspects of stock market performance. Nonetheless, actors on these social media platforms may not always have altruistic motivations and may instead seek to influence stock trading behavior through the (potentially misleading) information they post. While a lot of previous work has sought to analyze how social media can be used to predict the stock market, there remain many questions regarding the quality of the predictions and the behavior of active users on these platforms. To this end, this article seeks to address a number of open research questions: Which social media platform is more predictive of stock performance? What posted content is actually predictive, and over what time horizon? How does stock market posting behavior vary among different users? Are all users trustworthy or do some user’s predictions consistently mislead about the true stock movement? To answer these questions, we analyzed data from Twitter and StockTwits covering almost 5 years of posted messages spanning 2015 to 2019. The results of this large-scale study provide a number of important insights among which we present the following: (i) StockTwits is a more predictive source of information than Twitter, leading us to focus our analysis on StockTwits; (ii) on StockTwits, users’ self-labeled sentiments are correlated with the stock market but are only slightly predictive in aggregate over the short-term; (iii) there are at least three clear types of temporal predictive behavior for users over a 144 days horizon: short, medium, and long term; and (iv) consistently incorrect users who are reliably wrong tend to exhibit what we conjecture to be “botlike” post content and their removal from the data tends to improve stock market predictions from self-labeled content.
A LATE-TIME FLATTENING OF LIGHT CURVES IN GAMMA-RAY BURST AFTERGLOWS

The afterglow emission from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) is usually interpreted as synchrotron radiation from relativistic electrons accelerated at the GRB external shock. We investigate the temporal decay of the afterglow emission at late times, when the bulk of the shock-accelerated electrons are non-relativistic (the “deep Newtonian phase,” as denoted by Huang and Cheng). We assume that the electron spectrum in the deep Newtonian phase is a power-law distribution in momentum with slope p, as dictated by the theory of Fermi acceleration in non-relativistic shocks. For a uniform circumburst medium, the deep Newtonian phase begins at , where tST marks the transition of the blast wave to the non-relativistic, spherically symmetric Sedov–Taylor (ST) solution, and ϵe = 0.1 ϵe, −1 quantifies the amount of shock energy transferred to the electrons. For typical parameters, the deep Newtonian stage starts ∼0.5 to several years after the GRB. The radio flux in this phase decays as Fν∝t−3(p + 1)/10∝t−(0.9÷1.2), for a power-law slope 2 < p < 3. This is shallower than the scaling Fν∝t−3(5p − 7)/10∝t−(0.9÷2.4) derived by Frail et al., which only applies if the GRB shock is non-relativistic, but the electron distribution still peaks at ultra-relativistic energies (a regime that is relevant for a narrow time interval, and only if tDN ≳ tST, namely, ϵe ≳ 0.03). We discuss how the deep Newtonian phase can be reliably used for GRB calorimetry, and we comment on the good detection prospects of trans-relativistic blast waves at 0.1÷10 GHz with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array and LOw-Frequency ARray.
Effects of Water Loss Stress under Tidal Effects on the Epiphytic Bacterial Community of Sargassum thunbergii in the Intertidal Zone

Periodic water loss caused by the tide is an important environmental factor that is faced by intertidal macroalgae, but the impact of periodic water loss on the epiphytic bacterial communities associated with macroalgae is still unknown. Through this study, we found that the diversity, the relative abundance of dominant taxa, the indicator species, and the abundance of the predicted functional genes in the epiphytic bacteria on S. thunbergii changed with the time of water loss. ABSTRACT Intertidal macroalgae face periodic water loss and rehydration caused by daily tidal changes. However, the effect of water loss stress on algal epiphytic bacteria has not yet been reported. In this study, the effects of water loss stress on the epiphytic bacteria community of Sargassum thunbergii were analyzed, and the different responses of epiphytic bacteria to water loss stress were compared between male and female algae. The results showed that after water loss stress, the diversity of the epiphytic bacterial community of S. thunbergii first decreased and then increased. Among the dominant taxa, the abundance of Cyanobacteria decreased significantly, whereas the abundance of Portibacter and Aquimarina first increased and then decreased. Additionally, the indicator species and the abundance of predicted functional genes related to carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur metabolism both changed significantly. More importantly, when the epiphytic bacteria were analyzed separately according to the algal sex, the changes in algal epiphytic bacterial community structure and indicator species were more significant, and there were sexual differences. Therefore, it was concluded that water loss stress has a significant effect on the community structure and function of the epiphytic bacteria on S. thunbergii. Meanwhile, the epiphytic bacteria community of two sexes of S. thunbergii differed in the response to water loss stress. IMPORTANCE Periodic water loss caused by the tide is an important environmental factor that is faced by intertidal macroalgae, but the impact of periodic water loss on the epiphytic bacterial communities associated with macroalgae is still unknown. Through this study, we found that the diversity, the relative abundance of dominant taxa, the indicator species, and the abundance of the predicted functional genes in the epiphytic bacteria on S. thunbergii changed with the time of water loss. Moreover, male and female S. thunbergii exhibited different responses to water loss stress. This study not only paves the way for the delineation of the interactions between S. thunbergii and its epiphytic bacteria but also provides new insights for the mechanisms of the adaptation and evolution of macroalgae in the intertidal zone.
Bridging-droplet transfer from solid to porous surfaces

Abstract When the top of a sessile droplet is contacted by an opposing solid surface, the droplet can transfer depending on the wettabilities and relative velocity of the surfaces. What if the surface receiving the liquid was porous? High-speed imaging was used to capture the transfer of a droplet from a solid substrate to an opposing porous surface. The parameters that were varied include the wettability of the donor substrate, the pore size of the receiving surface and the droplet's volume and working fluid. Generally, the transfer process is split into two sequential regimes, wetting and wicking, with wicking being three orders of magnitude longer than wetting on average. The wetting regime is split into two sub-regimes, the donor-independent and donor-dependent regimes. The donor-independent regime follows the dynamics of droplet coalescence, starting in a mass-limited viscous regime followed by a capillary–inertial regime. The donor-dependent regime is driven by a global change in Laplace pressure across the liquid bridge, with the viscous wedge of the receding contact line being the rate-limiting factor. The wicking regime is governed by Darcy's law, completing the transfer process of the droplet.
Centrality Computation in Weighted Networks Based on Edge-Splitting Procedure

The analysis of network’s centralities has a high-level significance for many real-world applications. The variety of game and graph theoretical approaches has a paramount purpose to formalize a relative importance of nodes in networks. In this paper we represent an algorithm for the centrality calculation in the domain of weighted networks. The given algorithm calculates network centralities for weighted graphs based on the proposed procedure of edges’ splitting. The approach is tested and illustrated based on different types of network topologies.
Gamification of design thinking: a way to enhance effectiveness of learning

Abstract The goal of this paper is to develop and test a gamified design thinking framework, including its pedagogical elements, for supporting various learning objectives for school students. By synthesizing the elements and principles of design, learning and games, the authors propose a framework for a learning tool for school students to fulfil a number of learning objectives; the framework includes a design thinking process called “IISC Design Thinking” and its gamified version called “IISC DBox”. The effectiveness of the framework as a learning tool has been evaluated by conducting workshops that involved 77 school students. The results suggest that the gamification used had a positive effect on the design outcomes, fulfilment of learning objectives, and learners' achievements, indicating the potential of the framework for offering an effective, gamified tool for promoting design thinking in school education. In addition to presenting results from empirical studies for fulfilment of the objectives, this paper also proposes an approach that can be used for identifying appropriate learning objectives, selecting appropriate game elements to fulfil these objectives, and integrating appropriate game elements with design and learning elements. The paper also proposes a general approach for assessing the effectiveness of a gamified version for attaining a given set of learning objectives. The methodology used in this paper thus can be used as a reference for developing and evaluating a gamified version of design thinking course suitable not only for school education but also for other domains (e.g., engineering, management) with minimal changes.
Finite Element Plate Bending Equilibrium Analysis

For the problem of elastic plate bending, a finite element procedure based on the minimum of complementary energy principle is developed. Primary variable of the problem is the distribution of the bending moments m x , m y and m xy . These vary parabolically inside each triangular element and have continuous values throughout the plate. In order to satisfy the equilibrium conditions, Lagrangean multipliers are introduced as secondary variables. It is then shown that these multipliers are generalized displacement parameters. The final solution will therefore provide direct information about both the stress distribution and the displaced shape of the plate. Equilibrium conditions are satisfied exactly. A strain energy bound is found. For several cases numerical results are given and compared with known solutions.
The core shift effect in the blazar 3C 454.3

Opacity-driven shifts of the apparent VLBI core position with frequency (the "core shift" effect) probe physical conditions in the innermost parts of jets in active galactic nuclei. We present the first detailed investigation of this effect in the brightest gamma-ray blazar 3C454.3 using direct measurements from simultaneous 4.6-43 GHz VLBA observations, and a time lag analysis of 4.8-37 GHz lightcurves from the UMRAO, CrAO, and Metsahovi observations in 2007-2009. The results support the standard Konigl model of jet physics in the VLBI core region. The distance of the core from the jet origin r_c(nu), the core size W(nu), and the lightcurve time lag DT(nu) all depend on the observing frequency nu as r_c(nu)~W(nu)~ DT(nu)~nu^-1/k. The obtained range of k=0.6-0.8 is consistent with the synchrotron self-absorption being the dominating opacity mechanism in the jet. The similar frequency dependence of r_c(nu) and W(nu) suggests that the external pressure gradient does not dictate the jet geometry in the cm-band core region. Assuming equipartition, the magnetic field strength scales with distance r as B = 0.4(r/1pc)^-0.8 G. The total kinetic power of electron/positron jet is about 10^44 ergs/s.
MASKING VERSUS REMOVING POINT SOURCES IN CMB DATA: THE SOURCE-CORRECTED WMAP POWER SPECTRUM FROM NEW EXTENDED CATALOG

In Scodeller et al., a new and extended point source catalog obtained from the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) seven-year data was presented. It includes most of the sources included in the standard WMAP seven-year point source catalogs as well as a large number of new detections. Here, we study the effects on the estimated CMB power spectrum when taking the newly detected point sources into consideration. We create point source masks for all the 2102 sources that we detected as well as a smaller one for the 665 sources detected in the Q, V, and W bands. We also create WMAP7 maps with point sources subtracted in order to compare with the spectrum obtained with source masks. The extended point source masks and point source cleaned WMAP7 maps are made publicly available. Using the proper residual correction, we find that the CMB power spectrum obtained from the point source cleaned map without any source mask is fully consistent with the spectrum obtained from the masked map. We further find that the spectrum obtained masking all 2102 sources is consistent with the results obtained using the standard WMAP seven-year point source mask (KQ85y7). We also verify that the removal of point sources does not introduce any skewness.
Entangled photon pairs from a quantum-dot cascade decay: The effect of time reordering

Coulomb interactions between confined carriers remove degeneracies in the excitation spectra of quantum dots. This provides a which-path information in the cascade decay of biexcitons, thus spoiling the energy-polarization entanglement of the emitted photon pairs. We theoretically analyze a strategy of color coincidence across generation (AG), recently proposed as an alternative to the previous within generation approach. We simulate the system dynamics and compute the correlation functions within the density-matrix formalism. This allows estimations of quantities that are accessible by a polarization-tomography experiment and that enter the expression of the two-photon concurrence. We identify the optimum parameters within the AG approach and the corresponding maximum values of the concurrence.
GTP as an enzymatic synchronizer

Synchronizer is the key component of modern automobile gearbox, which coordinates the deceleration and acceleration of two groups of gears. In industry, synchronizer is composed of several components with fine structure. Here, we show that guanosine triphosphate (GTP) has the property of enzyme synchronizer. Through cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) and 3D variability analysis, we obtain the full spectrum conformation of CTP synthase at near atomic resolution. In the catalytic process of CTP synthase, we find that GTP synchronizes the reaction of two independent domains, namely, glutamine-dependent aminotransferase (GAT) domain and amidoligase (AL) domain. The wing structure acts as a striker, and then stimulates the intermediate ammonia to complete the catalytic cycle through the internal gas channel. Different from being degraded to regulate tubulins or G-proteins, GTP acts as an enzymatic synchronizer to coordinate the reactions catalyzed by the two independent domains of CTP synthase.
Quantum Dynamics of Radical-Ion-Pair Reactions

Radical-ion-pair reactions were recently shown to represent a rich biophysical laboratory for the application of quantum measurement theory methods and concepts, casting doubt on the validity of the theoretical treatment of these reactions and the results thereof that has been at the core of spin chemistry for several decades now. The ensued scientific debate, although exciting, is plagued with several misconceptions. We will here provide a comprehensive treatment of the quantum dynamics of radical-ion-pair reactions, generalizing our recent work and elaborating on the analogy with the double-slit experiment having partial "which-path" information. This analogy directly leads to the general treatment of radical-ion pair reactions covering the whole range between the two extremes, that of perfect singlet-triplet coherence and that of complete incoherence.
FedParsing: a Semi-Supervised Federated Learning Model on Semantic Parsing

Although many semantic parsing models have 001 been proven to work effectively on “NL-to-002 SQL”, the limitation of annotated datasets 003 remains a great challenge. In many semi-004 supervised models, while they use unlabeled 005 data to greatly improve the model accuracy, 006 they fail to take data privacy of users into 007 account . In this work, we focus on im-008 proving the performance of the semantic pars-009 ing model and protecting the users’ data pri-010 vacy without increasing the size of the labeled 011 dataset. Our new model, which is named Fed-012 Parsing, is a semi-supervised Federated Learn-013 ing model. In order to solve the difﬁculty 014 on convergence of traditional semi-supervised 015 Federated Learning model, we incorporate the 016 Mean Teacher algorithm and apply the Ex-017 ponential Moving Average algorithm to up-018 date model parameters. Experiments on Wik-019 iSQL show that with extra unlabeled data, our 020 model performs better than supervised training 021 model and traditional semi-supervised Feder-022 ated Learning model, which proves the effec-023 tiveness of FedParsing model. 024
Task-related temporal fluctuations in auditory attention

Listening in everyday life requires attention to be deployed dynamically – when listening is expected to be difficult and when relevant information is expected to occur – to conserve mental resources. Conserving mental resources may be particularly important for older adults who often experience 31 difficulties understanding speech. We use electro- and magnetoencephalography to investigate, in male 32 and female participants, the neural and behavioral mechanics of attention regulation during listening 33 and the effects that aging may have on these. We show that neural alpha oscillatory activity indicates 34 when in time attention is deployed (Experiment 1) and that deployment depends on listening difficulty 35 (Experiment 2). Older adults also show successful attention regulation, although younger adults appear 36 to utilize timing information a bit differently compared to older adults. We further show that the 37 recruited brain regions differ between age groups. Superior parietal cortex is involved in attention 38 regulation in younger adults, whereas posterior temporal cortex is more involved in older adults 39 (Experiment 3). This difference in the sources of alpha activity between age groups only occurred during 40 task performance and was absent during rest (Experiment S1). In sum, our study suggests that older 41 adults employ different neural control strategies compared to younger adults to regulate attention in 42 time under listening challenges. our show use different behavioral strategies and recruit different brain than do Younger adults show attention-related modulations of alpha power in superior parietal whereas older adults show attention-related modulation in posterior temporal cortex. We suggest that the observed age-group differences in recruited neural circuits and behavior reflect different cognitive control strategies employed to regulate attention in time during challenging
Parents under Kangaroo Mother Care Method Reluctant to Commence Hospital Discharge: A Thematic Analysis

Introduction: Parents of premature or low birth weight babies in Colombia receive training in the Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) method from the hospital, to empower themselves in the care of their children and achieve an early discharge. If this is not possible, babies will have a higher risk of infections, a longer separation time from parents and higher hospitalization costs. Objective : To describe the experiences of kangaroo parents reluctant to be discharged from the hospital in order to identify and modify possible mistakes in the in-hospital KMC adaptation phase. Method : Pilot focus group with five kangaroo parents reluctant to graduate. A thematic analysis of the transcription was done. Results : Parents experienced feelings of poor empowerment that did not improve with the training provided, based on talks and observation; this, together with the perception of the expertise of health personnel, may lead them to consider staying in the newborn unit for the safety of their babies. At home, repeated and direct exposure to baby care seems to build more confidence. Conclusions : Increasing parents’ direct exposure to their babies’ care before discharge would improve their hospital experience, their confidence, the quality of care they can provide, and allow an early discharge. canguro Los padres experimentaron sentimientos empoderamiento neonatal de casa, la exposición directa y repetida los bebés genera confianza. Conclusiones: la exposición directa de los al cuidado de sus bebés antes del egreso, mejoraría su experiencia su y la calidad del cuidado que que un egreso