Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Implementation of Disruptive Designs for Gas Turbine Components Utilizing Additive Manufacturing

Electron beam melting (EBM) is an additive manufacturing process used to print metallic components with complex geometries for aerospace applications. A preheating characteristic enables this technology to avoid large accumulation of residual stress during printing. However, cracking mechanisms particularly in Ni-based superalloys are associated with not only residual stress but also with microstructure (i.e., solidification morphology, transient evolution of 𝛾′ ). Siemens is committed to AM technology for gas turbine applications. The ability to novel predictive designs of turbine blades would reduce process development time and allow acquisition of key microstructure and performance data early in a design campaign. Siemens initiated a project to establish the design rules for the fabrication of non-printable Ni-based superalloys. This phase 1 program demonstrates the feasibility for virtual fabrication of the actual blade geometries through EBM process.
Selection of optimal combinations of inputs in a partial least squares model for prediction of soil organic matter

Abstract Partial least squares model is widely used in estimation of soil physical and chemical parameters such as soil organic matter and moisture content, due to its advantages in dealing with collinearity of variables like hyperspectral reflectance. However, it is hard to determine optimal combination of partial least squares model input for soil organic matter prediction since there are lots of possibilities such as, different mathematical transformation of spectral reflectance, wavelength ranges, and spectral resolution. Laboratory hyperspectral reflectance of soils in Songnen plain were analyzed in this study, and the orthogonal experimental design method for deriving optimal combination of input variables for soil organic matter prediction models was introduced. For intercalating orthogonal experimental design table, five different levels which commonly used by researchers were assigned to factors. Results show that the optimal combination input for single black soil is using the derivative logarithmic reciprocal reflectance in the wavelength range selected by multiple stepwise regression at a spectral resolution of 5 nm (R2= 0.95, RMSE = 0.21, and RPD = 4.49), and different soils is using continuum removed in the wavelength range selected by MSR at a spectral resolution of 5 nm (R2 = 0.77, RMSE = 0.74, and RPD = 2.08). With optimal combination input, the partial least squares model prediction ability was evaluated as excellent for single black soil, possible for different soils. This study illustrates the orthogonal experimental design method can be an effective way to identify the optimal input variables of a partial least squares model for soil organic matter prediction, and multiple stepwise regression can be a preprocessing step to reduce hyperspectral data redundancy before using partial least squares to predict soil organic matter. Overall, this study provides a new approach for determining optimal input of partial least squares predicting model.
Temporal Control of Morphogenic Factor Expression Determines Efficacy in Enhancing Regeneration

Background: Regeneration of fertile plants from tissue culture is a critical bottleneck in the application of new plant breeding technologies. Ectopic overexpression of morphogenic factors is a promising workaround for this hurdle. Methods: Conditional overexpression of WUS and ARF5Δ was used to study the effect of timing the overexpression of these morphogenic factors during shoot regeneration from root explants in Arabidopsis. In addition, their effect on auxin-signaling activation was examined by visualization and cytometric quantification of the DR5:GFP auxin-signaling reporter in roots and protoplasts, respectively. Results: The induced expression of both WUS and ARF5Δ led to an activation of auxin signaling in roots. Activation of auxin signaling by WUS and ARF5Δ was further quantified by transient transformation of protoplasts. Ectopic overexpression of both WUS and ARF5Δ enhanced regeneration efficiency, but only during the shoot-induction stage of regeneration and not during the callus-induction stage. Conclusions: The overexpression of WUS and ARF5Δ both lead to activation of auxin signaling. Expression during the shoot-induction stage is critical for the enhancement of shoot regeneration by WUS and ARF5Δ.
Extraction of Risk Knowledge from Time To Collision Variation in Roundabouts

Roundabouts are intersections which require understanding the intentions of other road users to be crossed safely. In this paper, we investigate on the nature and variation of driving risk in roundabouts, to allow connected vehicles to quickly assess a personalized and real-time level of risk associated with crossing a roundabout. First, Time To Collision (TTC) information is extracted from real roundabout vehicle tracks. Then, a supervised machine learning model to assess the probability for a given vehicle to exit the roundabout at the next available exit is trained. Finally, a risk metric is defined based on TTC thresholds and risk probability, which is found to show a strong correlation with the coefficient of variation of TTC values over a roundabout. Once integrated in knowledge-centric frameworks such as Vehicular Knowledge Networking, the obtained risk knowledge has a potential to support driver assistance systems in roundabouts.
How Does the Family Influence Adolescent Eating Habits in Terms of Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices? A Global Systematic Review of Qualitative Studies

Promoting healthy eating habits can prevent adolescent obesity in which family may play a significant role. This review synthesized findings from qualitative studies to identify family barriers and facilitators of adolescent healthy eating in terms of knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP). A literature search of four databases was completed on 31 July 2020; qualitative studies that explored family factors of adolescent (aged 10 to 19 years) eating habits were included. A total of 48 studies were identified, with the majority being from North America and sampled from a single source. Ten themes on how family influences adolescent dietary KAP were found: Knowledge—(1) parental education, (2) parenting style, and (3) family illness experience; Attitudes—(4) family health, (5) cultivation of preference, and (6) family motivation; Practices—(7) home meals and food availability, (8) time and cost, (9) parenting style, and (10) parental practical knowledge and attitudes. This review highlights five parental characteristics underlying food parenting practices which affect adolescents’ KAP on healthy eating. Adolescents with working parents and who are living in low-income families are more vulnerable to unhealthy eating. There is a need to explore cultural-specific family influences on adolescents’ KAP, especially regarding attitudes and food choices in Asian families.
Influence of Epoxy Glue Modification on the Adhesion of CFRP Tapes to Concrete Surface

Strengthening structural concrete, steel or wooden elements with reinforcement tapes is currently a popular method of extending the durability of buildings. In the glued joint Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) tape—concrete substrate, the most critical element is the adhesive layer connecting both materials. The glued joint participates in the transfer of stresses between the reinforced element and the reinforcement tape. Among the numerous analyses of this type of joint, the work resulting from the action of shear stresses (shearing) is considered most frequently, which also results from the originally developed computational models emerging with the development of research on the processes of adhesive effectiveness. The subsequent theories considered the share of other stresses, which is also related to the complex nature of the phenomenon of glue adhesion on various surfaces. Research shows the possibility of modifying the adhesion of the glue by altering its composition and the target surface of application. The study contains the results of research on the possibility of changing the adhesion of the glue to a concrete surface prepared by grinding and sandblasting. The selected epoxy resin has been modified by using the additives of microsilica and carbon nanotubes. Effective mixing of ingredients was achieved due to the use of sonication in the mixing process. Then, the adhesives prepared in this way were used to stick fragments of CFRP tape to concrete surfaces: cleaned, ground and sandblasted. A modified version of the pull-off test was used to determine the effectiveness of adhesion the CFRP tapes to concrete. The results are the final stage summarizing a series of studies including other parameters affecting the bonding efficiency and durability of adhesive bonds.
Regulatory role of miRNA-23a in diabetic retinopathy

The present study aimed to investigate the expression of microRNA (miRNA)-23a in blood and tear samples from diabetic retinopathy (DR) patients. Blood and tear samples were obtained from 33 patients with proliferative DR. Additionally, a rat model of DR was established. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR was used to determine vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA and miRNA-23a expression levels, while ELISA and western blot analysis were performed to determine protein expression levels. Bioinformatics analysis and dual luciferase reporter assay were used to predict and validate the interaction between miRNA-23a and VEGF and cell proliferative ability was assessed with the MTT assay. In comparison to control patients VEGF mRNA and protein expression levels were significantly elevated in the blood and tear samples from patients with DR, while the expression level of miRNA-23a was significantly reduced. In blood and retinal tissues from a rat model of DR, the mRNA and protein expression levels of VEGF were significantly increased, while the miRNA-23a expression level was significantly decreased relative to controls. Dual luciferase reporter assay showed that miRNA-23a bound to the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of VEGF. Moreover, over-expression of miRNA-23a significantly reduced the expression level of VEGF and the proliferative activity of human retinal microvascular endothelial cells. The elevated VEGF expression in the blood and tears of patients with DR may be related to the reduced miRNA-23a expression. miRNA-23a may regulate microvascular growth at the retina via VEGF and contribute to DR progression.
Study of Qᵤ-Based Resonant Microwave Sensors and Design of 3-D-Printed Devices Dedicated to Glucose Monitoring

A low-cost, additively manufactured, biocompatible glucose sensor based on the changes in the unloaded quality factor (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q_{\mathbf {u}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) with a single split-ring resonator is presented. An exposition of the fundamentals for the use of the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q_{\mathbf {u}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> as sensing parameter with microwave planar resonant sensors is shown. The convenience of this sensing parameter is analyzed from the theoretical point of view, and practical design and optimization guidelines are inferred with a special focus on the optimization of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q_{\mathbf {u}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> sensitivity to glucose concentration. For practical demonstration and experimental assessment, a novel inverted microstrip configuration is considered, built upon a customized structure made with a certified biocompatible material thanks to 3-D printing techniques, which is aimed to provide for a stronger interaction between the electromagnetic fields and the sample. Two metallization solutions are investigated, yielding devices operating at 4.50 and 4.62 GHz, with operating <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q_{\mathbf {u}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of 16.36 and 22.00, relative <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q_{\mathbf {u}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> sensitivities of 1.377 and 2.727, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q_{\mathbf {u}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> sensitivities to glucose content within the physiological range of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.3\times 10^{-3}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> per mg/dL and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.6\times 10^{-3}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> per mg/dL, sensing areas of approximately <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$11.7\times8.8$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mm<sup>2</sup> and total structure sizes of 950.0 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times 35.0\times3.5$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mm<sup>3</sup>. The devices show good performance with water–glucose solutions covering a wide range of concentrations, involving physiological as well as industry-related ones.
Clostridial Neurotoxins: Structure, Function and Implications to Other Bacterial Toxins

Gram-positive bacteria are ancient organisms. Many bacteria, including Gram-positive bacteria, produce toxins to manipulate the host, leading to various diseases. While the targets of Gram-positive bacterial toxins are diverse, many of those toxins use a similar mechanism to invade host cells and exert their functions. Clostridial neurotoxins produced by Clostridial tetani and Clostridial botulinum provide a classical example to illustrate the structure–function relationship of bacterial toxins. Here, we critically review the recent progress of the structure–function relationship of clostridial neurotoxins, including the diversity of the clostridial neurotoxins, the mode of actions, and the flexible structures required for the activation of toxins. The mechanism clostridial neurotoxins use for triggering their activity is shared with many other Gram-positive bacterial toxins, especially molten globule-type structures. This review also summarizes the implications of the molten globule-type flexible structures to other Gram-positive bacterial toxins. Understanding these highly dynamic flexible structures in solution and their role in the function of bacterial toxins not only fills in the missing link of the high-resolution structures from X-ray crystallography but also provides vital information for better designing antidotes against those toxins.
A High-precision and Robust Odometry Based on Sparse MMW Radar Data and A Large-range and Long-distance Radar Positioning Data Set

Lidar-based or vision-based positioning systems are easily affected by bad weather, and RTK-GNSS inertial navigation systems are prone to reduce positioning accuracy in environments with poor GNSS signals. And using radar for positioning can overcome the challenges of using other sensors for positioning in bad weather. However, compared with lidar, radar has more sparse data, low ranging accuracy, a lot of noise, and only two-dimensional perception results. In this paper, we propose a high-precision radar odometry method to overcome the disadvantage of sparse radar data by fusing multiple frames of radar data to form a sub-map. The error is reduced by graph optimizing the pose of the sub-map, resulting in an error of 1.737% in translation and 0.0018 deg/m in rotation. A radar-based positioning dataset was collected and organized. The comprehensive test on the dataset shows that the accuracy of the odometry is high, and the positioning frequency is higher than that of the data.
A Comparison of Statistical and Machine Learning Approaches for Time Series Forecasting in a Demand Management Scenario

The increasing size and complexity of datasets, the need for constant adaptation to current conditions, and the potential benefits of machine learning (ML) techniques, such as flexibility and the ability to incorporate additional features, have led to the increasing use of ML techniques in forecasting as an alternative to traditional statistical methods. However, the results are often not transferable to smaller datasets. This paper analyses a real inventory management dataset and compares statistical and ML methods to determine which techniques consistently produce accurate results, even for smaller datasets. The results show that the choice of aggregation level affects the performance of statistical and ML methods, with the LightGBM model showing consistent performance across different scenarios and aggregation levels, and simpler methods effectively modelling intermittent or lumpy time series.
Über die Gerbstoffe aus dem Holz der Edelkastanie und Eiche, VI. Struktur des Vescalagins

Vescalagin, ein kristalliner Gerbstoff aus dem Holz der Edelkastanie (Castanea sativa) und der Eiche (Quercus sesseliflora), besitzt Struktur 1 und ist damit anomer zu Castalagin (2). Die Struktur 1 wird bewiesen durch Vergleich der NMR-Spektren von Vescalagin mit Castalagin bzw. ihren entsprechenden Pentadecamethyl- (1a, 2a), Monoacetyl-pentadecamethyl-(1b, 2b) und Hexadecaacetyl-Derivaten (1c, 2c) sowie durch Spaltung von Pentadecamethyl-vescalagin (1a) mit Methanol/Natriummethylat in (–)-2.3. 4.2′. 3′. 4′-Hexamethoxy-diphensaure-(6.6′)-dimethylester und Nonamethyl-neovescalin-methylester. Ein ebenfalls isoliertes Primarprodukt dieser Spaltungsreaktion wird als Pentadecamethyl-neovescalagin-methyl-ester (4a) erkannt. On Tanning Compounds from the Wood of Chestnut and Oak, VI. The Structure of Vescalagin Vescalagin, a crystalline tanning compound from the wood of chestnut (Castanea sativa) and oak (Quercus sesseliflora), has the structure 1 and is therefore anomeric with castalagin (2). This structure is proved by comparing NMR-structural analysis of 1 and 2, and of its comparable pentadecamethyl-(1a, 2a), monoacetyl-pentadecamethyl- (1b, 2b) and hexadecaacetyl derivatives (1c, 2c) furthermore by the cleavage of pentadecamethyl-vescalagin (1a) with sodium methoxide/methanol solution to produce dimethyl (–)-2,3,4,2′,3′4′-hexamethoxy-6,6′-diphenate and the methyl ester of nonamethylneovescalin. A primary product from this cleavage reaction is isolated too and elucidated as the methyl ester of pentadecamethyl-neovescalagin (4a).
Multi-carbohydrase application into energy and amino acid deficient broiler diets: A strategy to enhance performance of broiler chickens

Abstract The effect of Multi-Carbohydrase (MC) supplementation on growth performance, visceral organ weights, blood metabolites, jejunum morphology, nutrient digestibility, and carcass parameters of broiler chickens fed nutrient-deficient corn soybean-meal based diets containing high levels of non-starch polysaccharides from wheat and wheat by-products was investigated. A total of 378 one-day-old Ross 308 broiler chickens were randomly assigned to one of seven dietary treatments to give six replicates per treatment (nine birds per pen). Dietary treatments were as follows: (1) positive control (PC; commercial standard diet); (2) negative control 1 (NC-1; PC-120 kcal/kg metabolizable energy); (3) NC-2 (PC-3% standardized ileal digestibility [SID] amino acids). The remaining four dietary treatments were formulated with the addition of MC (MC; Superzyme-CS™) into two negative controls along with two supplementation levels of MC (i.e., 0.025% and 0.05%, respectively). Improved body weight, average daily gain, and feed conversion ratio (p < 0.05) were observed in broiler chickens fed a reduced energy diet supplemented with MC compared to birds fed NC-1 diet from days 1-35. Additionally, birds fed a reduced energy diet with 0.05% MC showed comparable (p > 0.05) growth performance with birds fed PC for 35-day post-hatch. Furthermore, the addition of MC into reduced amino acid diets improved (p < 0.05) growth performance. Broiler chickens fed MC supplemented nutrient-deficient diets showed a greater (p < 0.05) villus height to crypt depth ratio than birds fed diets without MC on days 21 and 35. Similarly, improved (p < 0.05) nutrient digestibility was observed in birds fed reduced energy diets supplemented with MC compared to birds fed NC-1 on days 21 and 35. Our results suggest that MC supplementation into reduced energy or reduced amino acid diets containing wheat and wheat by-products has the potential to improve growth performance and nutrient digestibility while maintaining healthier gut morphology in broiler chickens from 1 to 35 days of age.
Synthetic Tryptanthrin Derivatives Induce Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis via Akt and MAPKs in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells

Trytanthrin, found in Ban-Lan-Gen, is a natural product containing an indoloquinazoline moiety and has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory and anti-viral activities. Chronic inflammation and hepatitis B are known to be associated with the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, a series of tryptanthrin derivatives were synthesized to generate potent anti-tumor agents against HCC. This effort yielded two compounds, A1 and A6, that exhibited multi-fold higher cytotoxicity in HCC cells than the parent compound. Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that A1 and A6 caused S-phase arrest and downregulated the expression of cyclin A1, B1, CDK2, and p-CDC2. In addition to inducing caspase-dependent apoptosis, A1 and A6 exhibited similar regulation of the phosphorylation or expression of multiple signaling targets, including Akt, NF-κB, and mitogen-activated protein kinases. The anti-tumor activities of A1 and A6 were also attributable to the generation of reactive oxygen species, accompanied by an increase in p-p53 levels. Therefore, A1 and A6 have potential clinical applications since they target diverse aspects of cancer cell growth in HCC.
The Role Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, Control Glycemic, Lipid Profile, and Hypoxia-inducible Factor 1-Alpha at Type 2 Diabetic Patients in North Sumatera, Indonesia

BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder whose prevalence continues to increase worldwide. Chronic hyperglycemia increases the area of hypoxia that can be measured by markers of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) and endothelial cell damage by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion and the association of the course of diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia is also a risk factor that can aggravate the condition. diabetes mellitus. AIM: The aim of this study was to correlate VEGF with HIF-1α and other metabolic markers in T2DM. METHODS: Examination such as blood pressure, height, and body mass index, and duration of diabetes were recorded. Laboratory examination like blood sugar levels and glycated hemoglobin (Hba1C) levels, lipid profile such as cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and triglycerides were evaluated by Paramitha Laboratory Clinic and VEGF and HIF-1α we examined by ELISA methods in the Integrated laboratory of Medical Faculty, Universitas Sumatera Utara. The study was done by cross-sectional analytic methods, among 135 patients with T2DM who were admitted from the various primary health-care centers in Medan city and surrounding areas in North Sumatera. The inclusion criteria of the samples were all the patients diagnosed with T2DM, both the sexes, and the exclusion criteria of the samples with T1DM and severe disease. The data of the samples were processed using a computer with the SPSS program. RESULTS: There was a positive significant correlation between VEGF with HIF-1α, with a strong correlation, and found a negative correlation between VEGF with fasting blood sugar and HDL (p < 0.005). CONCLUSION: By finding strongly and positive correlation between VEGF and HIF-1α, the samples of menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan konsentrasi VEGF meningkat selaras dengan peningkatan konsentrasi dari HIF-1α _dan ini menunjukkan bahwa proses angiogenesis pada sample sedang berlangsung sebagai mekanisme kompensasi pertahanan vascular.