Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Investigating Stability Outcomes Across Diverse Gait Patterns in Quadruped Robots: A Comparative Analysis

Quadruped robots have gained attention for their potential to navigate various terrains. However, the stability of these robots in different gait sequences remains an open question. This study investigates the relationship between different gait sequences and the motion stability of quadruped robots, assuming a flat terrain for the purpose of the analysis. Utilizing mathematical models based on spiral theory, we examine the stability margins associated with different leg movement sequences. Notably, our findings confirm that the most commonly observed sequence in both natural and robotic contexts indeed offers optimal stability. The study also scrutinizes the influence of the robot's structural parameters and gait configuration on its motion stability. These results provide a theoretical foundation for the design and stability control of quadruped robots, setting the stage for future work on more complex terrains.
Effect of different fertilization strategies on the yield, quality of Euryales Semen and soil microbial community

Introduction Euryales Semen, a medicinal herb widely utilized in Asia, faces a critical constraint in its production, primarily attributed to fertilizer utilization. Understanding the impact of different fertilization schemes on Euryales Semen (ES) planting and exploring the supporting mechanism are crucial for achieving high yield and sustainable development of the ES planting industry. Methods In this study, a field plot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of four different fertilization treatments on the yield and quality of ES using morphological characteristics and metabolomic changes. These treatments included a control group and three groups with different organic fertilizer to chemical fertilizer ratios (3:7, 5:5, and 7:3). The results of this study revealed the mechanisms underlying the effect of the different treatments on the yield and quality of Euryales Semen. These insights were achieved through analyses of soil physicochemical properties, soil enzyme activity, and soil microbial structure. Results We found that the quality and yield of ES were the best at a ratio of organic fertilizer to chemical fertilizer of 7:3. The optimality of this treatment was reflected in the yield, soil available nitrogen, soil available phosphorus, and soil enzyme activity of ES. This ratio also increased soil microbial diversity, resulting in an increase and decrease in Proteobacteria and Firmicutes abundances, respectively. In addition, linear discriminant analysis showed that Chloroflexi, Gammaproteobacteria, and Hypocreales-incertae-sedis were significantly enriched in the ratio of organic fertilizer to chemical fertilizer of 7:3. Variance partitioning analysis showed that the soil properties, enzyme activities, and their interactions cumulatively can explain 90.80% of the differences in Euryales Semen yield and metabolome. In general, blending organic and chemical fertilizers at a 7:3 ratio can enhance soil fertility, boost Euryales Semen yield and quality, and bring forth conditions that are agriculturally beneficial to microbial (bacteria and fungi) dynamics. Discussion This study initially revealed the scientific connotation of the effects of different fertilization patterns on the planting of Euryales Semen and laid a theoretical foundation for the study of green planting patterns of Euryales Semen with high quality and yield.
Geographical distribution patterns of zonal plant community species diversity in West Yunnan,China.

Based on field investigation and related literatures,the geographical distribution patterns of zonal plant community species diversity in West Yunnan of China were approached.The results showed that the species density had a decreasing trend from south to north and from east to west,and decreased with increasing altitude.On community scale,the species density was higher in southern part but relatively lower in northern part,being consistent to the spatial variation of mean annual air temperature and mean annual precipitation.To some extents,mean annual temperature might play a much stronger role.The change rate of species density was much higher alongaltitudinal gradient than along longitude and latitude gradients,possibly due to the greater change rate of mean annual air temperature at altitudinal gradient.There was an obvious difference in the distribution patterns of the species diversity between community-scale and regional-scale.On community scale,species diversity could be controlled by the energy level in the environment;while on regional scale,this diversity was possibly related to the heterogeneity of habitats.Scale effect played a key role in the geographic distribution patterns of species diversity.
An Exhaustive Likelihood Model of Consumer Purchase Intention to Live Streaming: Flow and Satisfaction as Moderators

The Elaboration Likelihood Model is adopted in this study to examine the interaction of central route factors (product quality, price concessions and return shipping insurance) and peripheral route factors (anchor attractiveness and interactivity) on consumer purchase intention to live streaming. Flow and satisfaction served as moderators affecting the relationship between consumer purchase intention. 319 valid questionnaires in all were gathered. The study of the data revealed that, via satisfaction, consumers' purchase intentions in the central route were significantly positively impacted by product quality, price reductions, and return shipping insurance; while in the peripheral route, flow and satisfaction, two parallel mediating variables, had a strong positive impact on purchase intention through the anchor attractiveness and interactivity. The results of this study can provide some insight into how businesses create their marketing plans.
Advancing CART therapy for acute myeloid leukemia: recent breakthroughs and strategies for future development

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T therapies are being developed for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) on the basis of the results obtained for other haematological malignancies and the need of new treatments for relapsed and refractory AML. The biggest challenge of CART therapy for AML is to identify a specific target antigen, since antigens expressed in AML cells are usually shared with healthy haematopoietic stem cells (HSC). The concomitant expression of the target antigen on both tumour and HSC may lead to on-target/off-tumour toxicity. In this review, we guide researchers to design, develop, and translate to the clinic CART therapies for the treatment of AML. Specifically, we describe what issues have to be considered to design these therapies; what in vitro and in vivo assays can be used to prove their efficacy and safety; and what expertise and facilities are needed to treat and manage patients at the hospital.
Integrated Surface and Ground Water Management

Proceedings of a specialty symposium held in conjunction with the 2001 World Water and Environmental Resources Congress in Orlando, Florida, May 20-24, 2001. Sponsored by the Environmental and Water Resources Institute of ASCE. Cosponsored by U.S. Geological Survey; South Florida Water Management District. This collection contains 32 papers addressing the integrated management of surface and groundwater systems. As population grows and land development increases, so to does the need for comprehensive management of sustainable water resources related to water supply, water quality, wetlands, and recreational issues. To address these issues, an integrated approach (combining planning and rule-making with technological development) is required to manage water resources. These papers explore the integration of the groundwater and surface-water systems into water resources management plans that solve problems in the areas of aquifer storage and recovery systems, artificial recharge, stormwater management, water quality studies, watershed planning and management, wetlands, and modeling. Topics include aquifer recharge and water supply; conjunctive use; modeling and case studies; planning, management, and permitting; and wetland, water quality, and best management practices.
NOVAS ABORDAGENS DA AVALIAÇÃO DO COMPORTAMENTO TÁTICO NO FUTEBOL: ANÁLISE DO CENTROID E ÍNDICE DE DISPERSÃO TOWARDS A NEW EVALUATION OF THE FOOTBALL' TACTICAL BEHAVIOUR: ANALYSIS OF THE CENTROID AND STRETCH INDEX

* Doutorando, RoboCorp, Instituto Superior de Engenharia, Instituto Politecnico de Coimbra, ESEC, DE, Portugal. ** Doutor, Instituto de Telecomunicacoes, Delegacao da Covilha, Portugal e Escola Superior de Educacao, Instituto Politecnico de Coimbra, Portugal. *** Doutorando, RoboCorp, Instituto Superior de Engenharia, Instituto Politecnico de Coimbra, Portugal. **** Doutor, Escola Superior de Educacao, Instituto Politecnico de Coimbra, Portugal. DOI: 10.4025/reveducfis.v24. 4.19034
Utilization of Online Referral for National Health Insurance Patient Services in Indonesia: A Scoping Review

The evolution of the outpatient referral system for BPJSK participants has transitioned from a manual-based system to an online-based approach. The present discourse examines the use of online referrals in patient care under NHI programme in Indonesia. The literature search conducted in this systematic review adheres to the PRISMA methodology and utilises the Google Scholar and PubMed databases. Using online referral in the context of NHI patients is a topic of interest. A total of six papers underwent a systematic evaluation. The assessment of the utilization of online referrals was conducted by evaluating patient satisfaction and the effectiveness of NHI project. The satisfaction of NHI patients concerning time certainty, referral certainty, waiting time, service access, service quality, service process, and service system is influenced by the utilization of online referrals. The practicality of the online referral strategy can be assessed through its impact on programme understanding, targeting precision, goal achievement, and tangible changes. The urgency of online referrals could be more persuasive. In order to enhance the efficiency of waiting time, it is imperative to implement supportive measures, such as the utilization of online queues and streamlining the process of online referrals in primary healthcare settings and hospitals
Fungal and Toxin Contaminants in Cereal Grains and Flours: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cereal grains serve as the cornerstone of global nutrition, providing a significant portion of humanity’s caloric requirements. However, the presence of fungal genera, such Fusarium, Penicillium, Aspergillus, and Alternaria, known for their mycotoxin-producing abilities, presents a significant threat to human health due to the adverse effects of these toxins. The primary objective of this study was to identify the predominant fungal contaminants in cereal grains utilized in breadmaking, as well as in flour and bread. Moreover, a systematic review, including meta-analysis, was conducted on the occurrence and levels of mycotoxins in wheat flour from the years 2013 to 2023. The genera most frequently reported were Fusarium, followed by Penicillium, Aspergillus, and Alternaria. Among the published reports, the majority focused on the analysis of Deoxynivalenol (DON), which garnered twice as many reports compared to those focusing on Aflatoxins, Zearalenone, and Ochratoxin A. The concentration of these toxins, in most cases determined by HPLC-MS/MS or HPLC coupled with a fluorescence detector (FLD), was occasionally observed to exceed the maximum limits established by national and/or international authorities. The prevalence of mycotoxins in flour samples from the European Union (EU) and China, as well as in foods intended for infants, exhibited a significant reduction compared to other commercial flours assessed by a meta-analysis investigation.
Glacier Changes in the Heihe River Basin over the Past 50 Years in the Context of Climate Change

The Heihe River basin, located in the middle part of the Qilian Mountains, is the second largest inland river basin across the arid area of northwestern China, east to the headwaters of Xidahe of the Shiyang River, west bounded by the Heishan and Shulehe, and the upper reaches almost across the Hexi Corridor. Glaciers, acting as a huge alpine reservoir that regulates annual runoff, are considered a reliable water source for oasis, benefiting the sustainable development of the environment, industry, and agriculture in this region. During the past decades, glaciers in the Heihe River basin have been experienced rapid shrinking due primarily to climate change. Impacts of the glaciers shrinkage on water resources have drawn much attention. Using the image interpretation method provided by World Glacier Monitoring Service (WGMS), historical data were retrieved for comparison with remote sensing images in order to reveal changes in glaciers in the Heihe River basin during the past 50 years. To compare recent changes in the glacier areas, 5 scenes of Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) images with spatial resolution of 15 m for visible and near-infrared bands acquired from June to September in 2003 and 24 topographic maps (1:50 000) derived from aerial photographs acquired during 1956-1978 (18 in 1956, 1 in 1957, 3 in 1966, and 2 in 1978) by the Chinese military geodetic service were jointly used and comprehensively analyzed. It is found that from the 1950s/1970s to 2003, the total area of the investigated glaciers (335) was reduced by 29.6%, with a mean reduction of 0.10 km2 for the individual glacier. The glaciers retreated by 258 m at a rate of 31.0%. The glacier changes exhibited obvious spatial differences, indicating that the reduction rate of glaciers to the west of the mainstream of the Heihe was larger than the east. In addition, rapidly rising air temperature is likely the major factor causing the shrinkage of the glaciers in the Heihe River basin. Compared with other glaciers in western China, glaciers in the Heihe River basin appeared to be decreasing more rapidly. Moreover, the glacier changes showed remarkable differences in the eastern, middle and western Qilian Mountains mainly due to climatic conditions and glacier sizes.
Real-Time Hemodynamic Changes in the Prefrontal and Bilateral Temporal Cortices During Intradermal Acupuncture for Major Depressive Disorder: A Prospective, Single-Center, Controlled Trial Protocol

Background Major depressive disorder (MDD) is highly prevalent, affecting more than 300 million individuals worldwide, and its occurrence may be related to the abnormality of the prefrontal cortex and bilateral temporal cortex. Acupuncture, rooted in the theories of acupoints and meridians, has demonstrated its efficacy in regulating cortical blood flow (CBF) in the brains of MDD patients. As one form of acupuncture, intradermal acupuncture (IA) can alleviate clinical symptoms such as depressive mood and insomnia in MDD patients. However, it remains unknown whether IA will have a specific effect on the prefrontal cortex and bilateral temporal cortex in MDD patients. Methods In total, 60 participants will be recruited: 20 healthy control participants and 40 MDD patients. All healthy control participants will be allocated to the control group, whereas the 40 MDD patients will be randomly divided into two groups: the gallbladder meridian acupoint (GBA) group and the non-acupoint (NA) group, at a 1:1 allocation ratio. All groups will undergo a one-time IA intervention while their cortical activity is monitored using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Total hemoglobin, oxygenated hemoglobin, and deoxygenated hemoglobin of the prefrontal and bilateral temporal cortices will be measured by fNIRS during the test procedure. Discussion This trial aims to use fNIRS to compare real-time hemodynamic changes in the prefrontal and bilateral temporal cortices of healthy individuals and MDD patients during IA. The primary objective is to investigate whether MDD patients exhibit specific real-time responses to IA stimulation in these brain regions. The findings from this study will provide clinical data and a possible theoretical basis for the assumption that stimulation of IA may treat MDD by modulating the relevant brain regions. Trial Registration The study protocol has been registered in the clinicaltrials.gov with the code NCT05707299.
The Dynamic Linkages among Sector Indices and Analysis of Financial Market Trends: The Case of the Amman Stock Exchange from 2000-2020

This study investigates the dynamic linkages among the financial, industrial, services, and general sector indices of the Amman Stock Exchange (ASE) from 2000-2020 using a VAR model. The analysis provides insights into the interdependence among sectors and evaluates the model's efficacy in explaining sector index variations. The results indicate significant dynamic linkages among sector indices, with the VAR model demonstrating robust explanatory power based on high R-squared values and significant F-statistics. Impulse response analysis shows varied lagged effects in the transmission of shocks between sectors. The study recommends investors consider past performance of related sectors in investment decisions, while policymakers can utilize the identified interconnections to promote a stable financial market.
Formation of Self-Assembled Nanowires from Copper Nanoparticles Synthesized by the Electro-Explosion of Wires Technique—Study of the Time-Dependent Structural and Functional Evolution

We report here the formation of Cu nanowires (CuNWs) from Cu nanoparticles (CuNPs) by a self-assembly process. The CuNPs were synthesized by the electro-explosion of wire (EEW) technique that included nonequilibrium processes for the synthesis. Structural evolution in terms of aggregation or nanowire formation in the samples was observed when the CuNPs were kept for a month after synthesis in a glass vial without the application of any external driving force. The emergence of tangled CuNWs was noticed at the bottom of the vials only when no agitation or aeration was allowed. The nanowires were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Thermal oxidation of the nanowire samples implied that they could convert into rod-shaped structures. Loss of functionality was also observed in the hemoglobin precipitation study conducted to compare the activity of freshly prepared CuNPs and CuNWs. From the above observations, we conclude that the CuNP, after synthesis, possesses a huge amount of energy, and attainment of equilibrium occurs through either aggregation (clustering) or ordered self-assembly, depending on the conditions applied.
Effect of rake angle for diamond turning of tungsten carbide

Tungsten carbide (WC) offers high-strength, high-melting points, and exceptional toughness, with critical applications in industries such as optical molding. Precision machining of WC typically uses grinding operations where tool wear is a significant issue, especially for small geometries required for the consumer electronics industry. Single-point diamond turning (SPDT) is another option for precision machining small features but excessive tool wear prevents this from being a viable option. Innovative approaches, such as in-situ laser-assisted diamond turning, have demonstrated remarkable potential in alleviating tool wear issues and generating optical-quality surface finishes. Laser-assisted techniques, leveraging laser energy for ductile mode machining, mitigate material cracks or fractures. This study delves into the intricate relationship between diamond tool geometry, particularly the rake angle, and ductile regime machining dynamics. Precise selection of diamond tool geometry and rake angle is crucial for desired surface quality. The experimental setup involves specialized equipment like a UMT Bruker tribometer with a modified OPTIMUS system to investigate the impact of tool geometry, specifically the rake angle, in micro laser-assisted material removal on tungsten carbide. The goal is precise and controlled material micro laser-assisted ductile mode removal while minimizing damage or subsurface defects. Results highlight that the rake angle significantly influences the critical depth of cut, with a -25° rake angle proving advantageous, especially when combined with higher laser power. Laser power and tool geometry are pivotal parameters for optimizing hard and brittle material machining, offering valuable insights for precision engineering applications.
A Fusion Framework for Confusion Analysis in Learning Based on EEG Signals

Human–computer interaction (HCI) plays a significant role in modern education, and emotion recognition is essential in the field of HCI. The potential of emotion recognition in education remains to be explored. Confusion is the primary cognitive emotion during learning and significantly affects student engagement. Recent studies show that electroencephalogram (EEG) signals, obtained through electrodes placed on the scalp, are valuable for studying brain activity and identifying emotions. In this paper, we propose a fusion framework for confusion analysis in learning based on EEG signals, combining feature extraction and temporal self-attention. This framework capitalizes on the strengths of traditional feature extraction and deep-learning techniques, integrating local time-frequency features and global representation capabilities. We acquire localized time-frequency features by partitioning EEG samples into time slices and extracting Power Spectral Density (PSD) features. We introduce the Transformer architecture to capture the comprehensive EEG characteristics and utilize a multi-head self-attention mechanism to extract the global dependencies among the time slices. Subsequently, we employ a classification module based on a fully connected layer to classify confusion emotions accurately. To assess the effectiveness of our method in the educational cognitive domain, we conduct thorough experiments on a public dataset CAL, designed for confusion analysis during the learning process. In both subject-dependent and subject-independent experiments, our method attained an accuracy/F1 score of 90.94%/0.94 and 66.08%/0.65 for the binary classification task and an accuracy/F1 score of 87.59%/0.87 and 41.28%/0.41 for the four-class classification task. It demonstrated superior performance and stronger generalization capabilities than traditional machine learning classifiers and end-to-end methods. The evidence demonstrates that our proposed framework is effective and feasible in recognizing cognitive emotions.