Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Meaning and Nature of Parental Advocacy in the Early Years

ABSTRACT Families who have children with delays or disabilities are often expected to become advocates for their children. Despite this inherent expectation, there is limited research available focused on advocacy during the early years (birth to three). The purpose of this study was to use qualitative inquiry, specifically semi-structured interviews, to explore 15 parents’ meanings of and experiences with advocacy in the early years. Thematic and constant comparative analyses were used and subsequently 22 codes within six major categories were identified. Three major findings related to the meaning and nature of advocacy in the early years involved: (a) education and being a voice for children are critical components of parents’ constructed definitions of advocacy; (b) parents engage in a variety of advocacy interactions, across formal and informal settings, prior to and during Early Intervention; and (c) and parental advocacy requires capital resources. Implications for practice and future research are discussed.
Ho Chi Minh's Ideology on revolutionary Medical Ethics

President Ho Chi Minh, a hero of national liberation, a world cultural celebrity hasleft us a huge and extremely valuable spiritual legacy, which we have not been able to exploitthe full extent of that heritage in both breadth and depth, including his ideology on medicalethics. Researching on his medical ethics is important in improving the medical ethics ofVietnamese doctors today.The author uses the method of analysis, synthesis, and comparison of data sources to studyHo Chi Minh's ideology on medical ethics. The research results show that Ho Chi Minh'sideology on medical ethics shows the unity between morality and politics - a characteristic inHo Chi Minh's ideology, which is the revolutionary medical ethics in general and the medicalethics of the socialist doctor, including ethical standards to regulate the perception andbehavior of doctors in relation to patients, profession, colleagues, society and themselves.
Stereotypes, emotions, and behaviours in intergroup context in Portugal

Stereotype content has been much studied since the classic study by Katz and Braly (1933). The results obtained in these studies have been fundamental to building more complex experiments in order to explore the formation, purpose and maintenance of stereotypes. In Portugal, to our knowledge, the existing studies are quite scarce, and in some cases non-existent, particularly related to some social groups of interest. Furthermore, continuous social changes may bring variation in the meaning and importance of each attribute. The goal of this study is to explore and pre-test the stereotype content of 12 social groups in Portugal. Ninety-eight participants recruited online via social media responded to 35 stereotypic traits and their valence, 21 emotions and 12 behavioural tendencies related to these social groups. The results allow not only the selection of, for each group, the stereotypic traits, emotions, and behavioural tendencies that are significantly different from the midpoint of the scale, but also the identification of traits, emotions and behavioural tendencies that best seem to differentiate the different groups.
Detrital Zircon U‐Pb Age Distribution and Hf Isotopic Constraints From the Terrigenous Sediments of the Song Chay Suture Zone (NE Vietnam) and Their Paleogeographic Implications on the Eastern Paleo‐Tethys Evolution

The location of the suture zone between the South China Block (SCB) and the Indochina Block (IB) is disputed. Recently, along the Song Chay (Chay river) belt, a mélange zone was proposed as a potential suture zone of the SCB and IB. However, the provenance and age of the Song Chay mélange is poorly known. In order to better constrain the age and provenance of the elements forming the Song Chay mélange, nine samples of detrital material, and one orthogneiss were subjected to zircon U‐Pb and Hf isotope analysis. Detrital zircons from the silty matrix of the Song Chay mélange record three major Neoproterozoic age clusters at 580–650, 700–800, and 900–1,000 Ma, which correspond well to the substratum of the SCB. Two minor Late and Early Paleozoic age groups at 270–330, and 420–500 Ma, with mainly negative εHf(t) values were also recovered. We consider that the zircons in the matrix of the mélange were mainly derived from the subducting plate, namely the SCB. This interpretation is supported by the occurrence of lensoid sandstone blocks, representing the substratum of the SCB, included into the mélange. The deposition age of the Song Chay mélange is between 310 and 250 Ma. Our results demonstrate that in an ophiolitic mélange, the detrital material does not invariably come from the overriding plate, but at the onset of the collision, the subducting continental plate may also supply the terrigenous material.
Print And Digital Media: Psychosemantic Analysis Of Students' Attitude To Information

The article is devoted to the general problem of the impact of the Internet on the consciousness and behavior of its users. The prospects of conducting a comparative analysis of the influence of information obtained from different sources in order to establish the specificity of the impact of the Internet information itself are theoretically substantiated. The proposed research design is concretized on the issue of students' attitude to information, since the existing attitude acts as a personal determinant of the choice of certain sources. It has been empirically established that information transmitted in different ways has a different degree of students’ trust, among which the print media have the minimum, and the Internet news portals have the maximum. Using the method of semantic differential, significant differences were found in the ideas about the nature of information broadcast by print and digital media. Information from print media is rated by students as more professionally processed. Digital media information, in turn, has great energetic potential, prompting thought and action. The construction of implicit models of information from print and digital media through factor analysis has shown that they are quite similar in structure and content. The main difference is the perception of Internet information by young people as objective, truthful and necessary. 2357-1330 © 2021 Published by European Publisher.
Geostatistical patterns of comorbidity of diarrhea, acute respiratory infection, and stunting among under-five children in Nigeria

ABSTRACT Among children under five in Nigeria, in the year 2018, the prevalence of diarrhea was 13%, that of acute respiratory infections 3%, and that of stunting 37%. A shared-component model highlights geographic variations in the comorbidities of these diseases. The data are from the 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey. The majority of states in northern Nigeria presented clusters of higher risk for comorbidities of any pair of the three diseases. Compared with mothers with primary education or less, mothers with secondary education were 1.4 times less likely to have two or three of these diseases at the same time, and women with tertiary education 2.0 times less. Compared to childless women of the same age, mothers were 1.6 times less when aged 20–29, 1.9 times less when aged 30–39, and 2.0 times less when aged 40–49. Access to a protected water source reduced the risk by a factor of 1.3. Girls under age five were 1.2 times less likely than boys of that age to have two or three of these diseases at the same time. This factor was the same for breastfed children compared to those who were not breastfed.
Modeling Reactive Solute Transport in Permafrost‐Affected Groundwater Systems

Understanding the interactions between ground freeze‐thaw, groundwater flow, and solute transport is imperative for evaluating the fate of contaminants in permafrost regions. However, predicting solute migration in permafrost‐affected groundwater systems is challenging due to the inherent interactions and coupling between subsurface mass and energy transport processes. To this end, we developed a numerical model that considers coupled groundwater flow, subsurface heat transfer, and solute transport, including water‐ice phase change, solute‐dependent porewater freezing, and temperature‐dependent solute reaction rates. As an illustrative example, we present simulations to investigate the potential for contamination from a municipal wastewater lagoon in the Canadian sub‐arctic. Two‐dimensional groundwater models assuming varying permafrost conditions were developed to evaluate possible contaminant migration scenarios associated with groundwater flow from the lagoon to a river, including the transport of conservative, degradable, and sorbing solutes. Model results reveal important transport mechanisms controlling the behavior of aqueous contaminants in permafrost landscapes as well as the hydrogeologic factors affecting reactive transport in cold regions. Seasonal freeze‐thaw episodically restricts connectivity of transport pathways, which attenuates both transport and reaction rates. However, elevated solute concentrations can depress the freezing temperature of porewater and produce thaw‐induced solute transport. Both thermally driven and solute‐enhanced thaw can decrease ice content in permafrost, which can have significant implications for solute migration. Therefore, thermo‐hydrogeologic process controlling reactive transport in cold‐region groundwater systems must be considered when quantitatively assessing the impact of changing environmental conditions on contaminant hydrogeology.
Can you hear me? Impacts of underwater noise on communication space of adult, sub-adult and calf contact calls of endangered St. Lawrence belugas (Delphinapterus leucas)

Noise and anthropogenic disturbances from vessel traffic are an important threat to the recovery of the endangered St. Lawrence Estuary (SLE) beluga population. The consequences of acoustic masking could be particularly adverse in the case of critical vocalizations that maintain contact between mothers and their dependent but mobile calves. This study models the communication range of adults, sub-adults and newborn beluga contact calls in the presence and absence of vessels in an important summering area for this population. Ambient noise measurements, a composite beluga audiogram and apparent source levels of adult/sub-adult and newborn calls, informed the model. Apparent source levels were estimated from received levels of contact calls produced by four individuals carrying digital acoustic tags in the SLE, Canada, and from received levels of calls recorded from two adults and a newborn calf at an aquarium, at known distances from a calibrated hydrophone. The median communication ranges were over 18 times larger for SLE adult and sub-adult calls than for newborn calls, with a 57 and 53% reduction in range in the presence of vessel noise, respectively. For newborn calls, this results in a median range of 170 m in vessel noise. These first estimates of the communication range of beluga vocalizations with a known function suggest that masking of the quiet calls of newborns by anthropogenic noise could impair mother–calf contact.
The onset of Rayleigh–Bénard convection and heat transfer under two‐frequency rotation modulation

The impact of 16 combinations of sinusoidal (sine) and nonsinusoidal (square, triangular, and sawtooth) time‐periodic Coriolis force (rotation modulation) on Rayleigh–Bénard convection in a Newtonian liquid is studied in this paper. This consideration is made to capture the possible effects of two‐frequency rotation modulation on stability, that is, the onset of convection and the simultaneous amount of heat transfer in the system. The Venezian approach has been asserted on the linearized Lorenz model to derive the correction Rayleigh number as a function of the two frequencies. The Lorenz model with nonlinearities is evaluated numerically to assess the quantity of heat transfer in the system. The present study states that in comparison with existing studies of no‐modulation and single‐frequency rotation modulation, two‐frequency rotation modulation yields higher stability bounds and thus diminishes the heat transfer. Heat transfer is found to be enhanced by a pair of coprime integers associated with the harmonics in the system.
Ectosome biogenesis and release processes observed by using live-cell dynamic imaging in mammalian glial cells.

Background Ectosomes are recognized as shedding from the plasma membranes into the extracellular environment. Recent research has demonstrated that ectosomes are surrounded by phospholipid membranes containing lipid rafts and caveolae. Some ectosomes contain cytokines in the lumen and have high levels of phosphatidylserine exposed to the outer membrane. Intracellular vesicles share both characters with ectosomes. Why the plasma membrane-derived ectosomes have the same characteristics as intracellular vesicles remain largely unknown. Methods Using live-cell dynamic imaging, we recorded the process of ectosome biogenesis and release in primary cultured neural cells. Results Our results show two different ectosome release methods: slow-releasing and fast-releasing. In the slow-releasing, multiple ectosomes emerge almost simultaneously on the cell surface and are released by outward budding from the plasma membrane. In the fast releasing, ectosomes squeeze out of the membrane domain and pinch off from a cell's surface. Using ER-tracker for live-cell imaging, we directly observed the process that intracellular vesicles jump out of the plasma membrane for release. This type of ectosomes has a reverse array of membrane proteins and phospholipids compared to the plasma membrane. So ectosomes should be divided into two groups: plasma membrane-derived and intracellular membrane-derived ectosomes. Conclusions Both slow releasing and fast releasing EVs imply mechanisms of human diseases and for diagnostics and drug delivery.
Synthesis and in-vitro studies of some new quinoline 1,3,4-thiadiazolo pyrimidin derivatives

A series of eight new quinoline associated 1,3,4-thiadiazolo pyrimidin derivatives ( 5a-h ) have been developed using 4-amino-8-fluoro-quinoline-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester ( 1 ) as raw material and by involving 8-fluoro-4-methylsulfanylthiocarbonylamino-quinoline-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester ( 2 ), 8-fluoro-4-hydrazine thiocarbonylamino-quinoline-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester ( 3 ) and 3-amino-7-fluoro-2-mercapto-3 H -pyrimido-[5,4- c ]quinolin-4-one ( 4 ) as intermediates. The title compounds after structure elucidation were used in vitro to find their antibacterial ability towards different micro-organisms. KEY WORDS : Synthesis, Quinoline, 1,3,4-thiadiazolo pyrimidin, Spectral data, Potential activity Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2017 , 31(2), 337-344. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.4314/bcse.v31i2. 15
Exchange rate forecasting using economic models and technical trading rules

The use of technical analysis by practitioners in the foreign exchange market contrasts with the ongoing debate among academics on the poor predictive ability of macroeconomic variables. This paper compares these two methods by constructing pools of economic models and technical trading rules and evaluates their in-sample and out-of-sample performance both locally and globally. Results suggest the presence of local forecastability that is overlooked when relying on global measures of predictability. The local predictability is captured using a rolling model selection approach to generate aggregate forecasts across separate pools of economic models and technical trading rules as well as both combined. The out-of-sample results for our aggregate forecasts using pools of economic models fail to beat the random walk as do pools of technical trading models. However combining the two pools of models results in forecasts that beat the random walk for four out of the six sample currencies. This result suggests that exchange rate forecasts can be improved by pooling both sets of models.
Intense mowing management suppresses invader, but shifts competitive resistance by a native to facilitation

Interactions among native and invasive species may affect management outcomes and goals. We implemented different mowing regimes to control the invasive Solidago gigantea and restore natural diversity, and also examined interactions between Solidago and a European native competitor, Tanacetum vulgare in the context of these regimes. Experimentally planted Tanacetum suppressed Solidago by 79% without management, and a suite of mowing management regimes reduced the density of Solidago by 80–98% when Tanacetum was absent. But, when Tanacetum was added, the density of the invader was not reduced by mowing. Put another way, in mowed plots with Tanacetum, Solidago was twofold to over fivefold denser than in mowed plots without Tanacetum. It is not clear why the effect of Tanacetum shifted from competition in the absence of disturbance to facilitation with intense management‐associated disturbance, but other studies suggest that Tanacetum may create plant–soil feedbacks that favor Solidago. Evidence shows similar shifts from competition to facilitation under mowing regimes for other species, but these are not mechanistically clear either. We speculate that mowing reduced competition from Tanacetum while leaving belowground facilitative effects unchanged, shifting the net effect of Tanacetum to facilitation. When single‐year mowed plots were abandoned for just 1 year, Solidago was twofold denser than in the control, thus maintaining treatments over time was important for successful management. Our results indicate that mechanical control may substantially alter biotic resistance gained from native competition.
Intelligent Computer-Aided Prostate Cancer Diagnosis Systems: State-of-the-Art and Future Directions

Prostate Cancer (PCa) is one of the common cancers among men in the world. About 16.67% of men will be affected by PCa in their life. Due to the integration of magnetic resonance imaging in the current clinical procedure for detecting prostate cancer and the apparent success of imaging techniques in the estimation of PCa volume in the gland, we provide a more detailed review of methodologies that use specific parameters for prostate tissue representation. After collecting over 200 researches on image-based systems for diagnosing prostate cancer, in this paper, we provide a detailed review of existing computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) methods and approaches to identify prostate cancer from images generated using Near-Infrared (NIR), Mid-Infrared (MIR), and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) techniques. Furthermore, we introduce two research methodologies to build intelligent CAD systems. The first methodology applies a fuzzy integral method to maintain the diversity and capacity of different classifiers aggregation to detect PCa tumor from NIR and MIR images. The second methodology investigates a typical workflow for developing an automated prostate cancer diagnosis using MRI images. Essentially, CAD development remains a helpful tool of radiology for diagnosing prostate cancer disease. Nonetheless, a complete implementation of effective and intelligent methods is still required for the PCa-diagnostic system. While some CAD applications work well, some limitations need to be solved for automated clinical PCa diagnostic. It is anticipated that more advances should be made in computational image analysis and computer-assisted approaches to satisfy clinical needs shortly in the coming years.
Evaluation of Discoloration and Subterranean Termite Resistance of Four Furfurylated Tropical Wood Species after One-Year Outdoor Exposure

The discoloration and resistance to subterranean termite attack of four furfurylated fast-growing tropical wood species were evaluated after outdoor exposure for 1 year in Bogor, Indonesia. For comparison purposes, imidacloprid-preserved and untreated wood samples were also prepared. Discoloration of all treated samples was measured before and after the furfurylation process. The wood specimens were then placed vertically to three-fourths of their length in the ground for 1 year, at which point they were evaluated for resistance to subterranean termite attack. After furfurylation, wood samples were darker in color than untreated wood, while imidacloprid-preserved wood was lighter. After 1-year exposure, furfurylated wood samples appeared to have the highest resistance to subterranean termite attack. These samples had minimal weight loss, indicating a substantial protection level. Imidacloprid-preserved wood had less resistance to termite attack, but was more resistant than untreated wood.
ULTRARAM: A Low‐Energy, High‐Endurance, Compound‐Semiconductor Memory on Silicon

ULTRARAM is a nonvolatile memory with the potential to achieve fast, ultralow‐energy electron storage in a floating gate accessed through a triple‐barrier resonant tunneling heterostructure. Here its implementation is reported on a Si substrate; a vital step toward cost‐effective mass production. Sample growth using molecular beam epitaxy commences with deposition of an AlSb nucleation layer to seed the growth of a GaSb buffer layer, followed by the III–V memory epilayers. Fabricated single‐cell memories show clear 0/1 logic‐state contrast after ≤10 ms duration program/erase pulses of ≈2.5 V, a remarkably fast switching speed for 10 and 20 µm devices. Furthermore, the combination of low voltage and small device capacitance per unit area results in a switching energy that is orders of magnitude lower than dynamic random access memory and flash, for a given cell size. Extended testing of devices reveals retention in excess of 1000 years and degradation‐free endurance of over 107 program/erase cycles, surpassing very recent results for similar devices on GaAs substrates.
Towards a Full Circular Economy in Biogas Plants: Sustainable Management of Digestate for Growing Biomass Feedstocks and Use as Biofertilizer

The digestate is a prospective biofertilizer and potential source of income for many biogas plants worldwide. However, its actual impact on the soil properties and biomass yield is still unexploited. The different digestates from eight agricultural biogas plants were researched in terms of their chemical composition and the fertilizing potential. The results obtained from digestate chemical analysis indicate that the digestate biomass had large amount of nitrogen (up to 73 g kg−1 fresh mass) and potassium (up to 25 g kg−1 fresh mass). The value of the digestate was estimated in the range of 2.88–7.89 EUR Mg−1 for liquid digestate and 7.62–13.61 EUR Mg−1 for solid digestate based on the commercial fertilizer market price of nitrogen, potassium phosphorus, organic carbon, Cu, Zn, Fe and Mg. The digestate produced at the 1 MW biogas plant is worth EUR 941–2095 per day in addition to energy sales income. The application of digestate on low-fertility land in areas close to the biogas plant allows the production of up to three-fold more biomass suitable for biogas production. The digestate’s application on semi-natural grass biomass production in the low-fertility soils near the biogas plants could be an alternative strategy for the biogas plant feedstock portfolio diversification.