Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Possible experimental signatures at the CERN LHC of strongly interacting electroweak symmetry breaking

If electroweak symmetry is broken by a new strongly interacting sector, new physics will probably manifest itself in gauge boson scattering at the CERN LHC. The relevant dynamics is well described in terms of an effective Lagrangian. We discuss the probable size of the coefficients of the relevant operators under a combination of model-independent constraints and reasonable assumptions based on two models of the strongly interacting sector. We compare these values with the LHC sensitivity and argue that they will be too small to be seen. Therefore, the presence of vector and scalar resonances required by unitarity will be the only characteristic signature. We analyze the most likely masses and widths of these resonances.
Chandra Phase-resolved Spectroscopy of the High Magnetic Field Pulsar B1509−58

We report on a timing and spectral analysis of the young, high magnetic field rotation-powered pulsar (RPP) B1509−58 using Chandra continuous-clocking mode observation. The pulsar’s X-ray light curve can be fit by the two Gaussian components and the pulsed fraction shows moderate energy dependence over the Chandra band. The pulsed X-ray spectrum is well described by a power law with a photon index 1.16(4), which is harder than the values measured with RXTE/PCA and NuSTAR. This result supports the log-parabolic model for the broadband X-ray spectrum. With the unprecedented angular resolution of Chandra, we clearly identified off-pulse X-ray emission from the pulsar, and its spectrum is best fit by a power law plus blackbody model. The latter component has a temperature of ∼0.14 keV with a bolometric luminosity comparable to the luminosities of other young and high magnetic field RPPs, and it lies between the temperature of magnetars and typical RPPs. In addition, we found that the nonthermal X-ray emission of PSR B1509−58 is significantly softer in the off-pulse phase than in the pulsed phase, with the photon index varying between 1.0 and 1.8 and anticorrelated with the flux. This is similar to the behavior of three other young pulsars. We interpreted it as different contributions of pair-creation processes at different altitudes from the neutron star surface according to the outer-gap model.
Single-cell transcriptome analysis of tumor immune microenvironment characteristics in colorectal cancer liver metastasis

Background Liver metastasis is the leading cause of death in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, and the precise mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was used to analyze the cellular and molecular heterogeneity between CRC primary lesion and corresponding liver metastasis, and to clarify the characteristics of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in synchronous liver metastasis of CRC. Methods A case of microsatellite stable (MSS) sigmoid carcinoma with synchronous liver metastasis was selected, and tissues from the primary tumor and the liver metastasis were collected for scRNA-seq. The EdgeR package software was used to identify the differentially expressed genes between cells. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was performed and the clusterProfiler R package was used for Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis. The SCENIC and CellphoneDB packages were used to reconstruct the transcriptional regulatory networks and to analyze the intercellular interaction network, respectively. Results Compared to the primary tumor, the proportion of myeloid cells in the metastatic tumor was significantly increased, while B cells and plasma cells were decreased. In the metastatic tumor, the myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) characteristic gene, mannose receptor C-type 1 (MRC1) and tumor associated macrophage 2 (TAM2)-related gene, were highly expressed. Furthermore, angiogenesis, oxidative phosphorylation, and endothelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) of myeloid cells were also significantly enhanced. There were less myeloid cells in primary tumors, and these were mainly monocytes and TAM1; while the number of TAM2 was significantly upregulated in the metastatic samples. In liver metastasis, the T cell population was exhausted, and this was accompanied by a significant increase in the number of CD4+ T cells and a decrease in the number of CD8+ T cells. Furthermore, some immune checkpoint molecules were highly expressed. Interactions between myeloid cells and other cell populations appeared to be strong. Conclusions The TME of CRC liver metastasis is significantly immunosuppressed. Interactions between myeloid cells and other cell populations in the TME contribute to the establishment of a pro-metastatic niche that promotes colonization and growth of CRC cells in the liver. TAMs may be a potential immunotherapeutic target for MSS CRC.
Heat-and-pull rig for fiber taper fabrication

We describe a reproducible method of fabricating adiabatic tapers with 3–4μm diameter. The method is based on a heat-and-pull rig, whereby a CO2 laser is continuously scanned across a length of fiber that is being pulled synchronously. Our system relies on a CO2 mirror mounted on a geared stepper motor in order to scan the laser beam across the taper region. We show that this system offers a reliable alternative to more traditional rigs incorporating galvanometer scanners. We have routinely obtained transmission losses between 0.1 and 0.3dB indicating the satisfactory production of adiabatic tapers. The operation of the rig is described in detail and an analysis on the produced tapers is provided. The flexibility of the rig is demonstrated by fabricating prolate dielectric microresonators using a microtapering technique. Such a rig is of interest to a range of fields that require tapered fiber fabrication such as microcavity-taper coupling, atom guiding along a tapered fiber, optical fiber sensing, and th.
ANALISIS SELF-ATTENTION PADA BI-DIRECTIONAL LSTM DENGAN FASTTEXT DALAM MENDETEKSI EMOSI BERDASARKAN TEXT

Cuitan Twitter yang sudah dilabeli berdasarkan jenis emosinya merupakan salah satu bentuk pengekspresian emosi dalam bentuk teks. Teks dapat dijadikan sebagai objek dalam melakukan emotion detection. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh self-attention pada pemodelan Bi-LSTM dengan FastText dalam mendeteksi emosi pada cuitan Twitter. Pengaruh dilihat dengan membandingkan hasil evaluasi recall, precison, F1-score dan akurasi dari pemodelan Bi-LSTM, Bi-LSTM + Self-Attention dan Self-Attention. FastText digunakan untuk mengubah setiap kata menjadi vector matrix. Bi-LSTM digunakan untuk proses klasifikasi. Dan self-attention untuk membantu model untuk memilih kata yang paling dapat merepresentasikan makna dari kalimat terutama pada kalimat review yang panjang. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa dari ketiga model, Bi-LSTM memiliki hasil evaluasi yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan kedua model lainnya. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penambahan self-attention pada model Bi-LSTM tidak memberikan pengaruh pada hasil evaluasi model untuk klasifikasi emosi.
Tuning of envelope in high overtone bulk acoustic wave resonator

This report presents a robust composite resonator known as the high overtone bulk acoustic wave resonator (HBAR) for demonstrating experimentally the ability of the resonator to tune the envelope of the spectrum by applying dc bias. The reported HBAR exhibits exceptionally high-quality factor in the frequency range of 700 MHz to 3 GHz and high effective coupling coefficient over the broad range of microwave frequencies. The HBAR is based on thin Ba0.5Sr0. 5TiO3 film sandwiched between two electrodes forming a transducer, supported by a thick sapphire substrate which is a low acoustic loss material. The resonator works on the principle of induced piezoelectricity due to the applied dc bias. The minima of the envelope changes from 1.16 GHz with S11 of -3.51 dB at 100 kV/cm bias to 1.90 GHz with S11 of -42.23 dB at 700 kV/cm bias, giving a relative tunability of the envelope to be around 64%. The spacing of the parallel resonance frequency (SPRF) for different bias voltages are also presented in this report. The quality factor of the resonator is over 22,000 at around 2GHz.
Four-Point Hubbard Model and Conserved Quantities

The spectrum of the half-filled four point Hubbard model with cyclic boundary conditions is calculated in Wannier and Bloch representation. The total number operator and total spin operator are conserved and spin-reversal symmetry exists. In Wannier representation we have additionally the C 4 v symmetry and in Bloch representation we have the total momentum operator wich is conserved. After group-theoretical reduction with respect to these symmetries, it is found that degeneracy still exists in some subspaces. From the theorem of von Neumann and Wigner we conjecture that there is a hidden symmetry. Since there is a Lax representation for the one-dimensional Hubbard model we conjecture that the hidden symmetry can be found from the Lax pair.
Optical Ray Tracing Simulation by Using Monte Carlo Method for Reflectance-based Photoplethysmography Sensor in Human Skin and Fingertip Model

The pulse oximetry device has been used for decades to monitor human pulse rate and oxygen saturation. There are two types of pulse oximetry which are transmission and reflection based. However, most devices are unsuitable for daily health monitoring due to the bulkiness and inconvenience of long-term monitoring while continuously doing everyday activities. Therefore, developing a wearable device such as a patch would benefit the users. Several factors can be considered for such a system. One of them is the distance between the source and detector since both are the major components of this system. However, there is still a lack of information in this regard. This study used the ray-tracing Monte Carlo method to simulate transmittance and reflectance-based oximetry principles with a 663 nm wavelength as the light source. The results show the ray tracing behavior from the light source to the photodetector in the biological tissue under two different structures mentioned previously. The separation between the light source and the detector should be less than 3 mm for the reflection type. A significant difference was observed for a distance greater than 3 mm compared with the transmission-based, which has a higher photocurrent even at a 7 mm distance. However, this transmission-based device is limited to the placement of the device on the body part. It is due to the thickness, which varies depending on the body parts themselves. Therefore, wearable pulse oximetry devices with the reflectance-based principle are better due to higher signal acquisition than the transmittance-based, especially for the daily health monitoring system. Furthermore, it also can be used throughout any body part. This reflection-based device can fully utilize microfabrication to integrate the light source and photodetector.Keywords: PPG sensor, Monte Carlo, tissue optics, pulse oximetry, photoplethysmography.
A Gaussian model for the membrane of red blood cells with cytoskeletal defects

We study a Gaussian model of the membrane of red blood cells: a “phantom" triangular network of springs attached at its vertices to a fluid bilayer with curvature elasticity and tension. We calculate its fluctuation spectrum and we discuss the different regimes and non-monotonic features, including the precise crossover at the mesh size between the already known limits with two different tensions and the renormalisation of the bending rigidity at low wave vectors. We also show that the non-diagonal correlations reveal, in “dark field", the cytoskeletal defects. As a first step toward a non-invasive defect spectroscopy, the specific case of lacking bonds is studied numerically and analytically.
Predicted signatures of p-wave superfluid phases and Majorana zero modes of fermionic atoms in rf absorption

We study the superfluid phases of quasi-two-dimensional atomic Fermi gases interacting via a p-wave Feshbach resonance. We calculate the absorption spectra of these phases under a hyperfine transition for both nonrotating and rotating superfluids. We show that one can identify the different phases of the p-wave superfluid from the absorption spectrum. The absorption spectrum shows clear signatures of the existence of Majorana zero modes at the cores of vortices of the weakly pairing p{sub x}+ip{sub y} phase.
Diffractive photon dissociation in the saturation regime from the Good-Walker picture

Combining the QCD dipole model with the Good and Walker picture, we formulate diffractive dissociation of a photon of virtuality Q^2 off a hadronic target, in the kinematical regime in which Q is close to the saturation scale and much smaller than the invariant mass of the diffracted system. We show how the obtained formula compares to the HERA data and discuss what can be learnt from such a phenomenology. In particular, we argue that diffractive observables in these kinematics provide useful pieces of information on the saturation regime of QCD.
Spectroscopic Confirmation and Velocity Dispersions for 20 Planck Galaxy Clusters at 0.16 < z < 0.78

We present Gemini and Keck spectroscopic redshifts and velocity dispersions for 20 clusters detected via the Sunyaev–Zel’dovich (SZ) effect by the Planck space mission, with estimated masses in the range . Cluster members were selected for spectroscopic follow-up with Palomar, Gemini, and Keck optical and (in some cases) infrared imaging. Seven cluster redshifts were measured for the first time with this observing campaign, including one of the most distant Planck clusters confirmed to date, at , PSZ2 G085.95+25.23. The spectroscopic redshift catalogs of members of each confirmed cluster are included as online tables. We show the galaxy redshift distributions and measure the cluster velocity dispersions. The cluster velocity dispersions obtained in this paper were used in a companion paper to measure the Planck mass bias and to constrain the cluster velocity bias.
A CS J = 5 → 4 Mapping Survey Toward High-Mass Star-forming Cores Associated with Water Masers

We have mapped 63 regions forming high-mass stars in CS J = 5 → 4 using the CSO. The CS peak position was observed in C34S J = 5 → 4 toward 57 cores and in 13CS J = 5 → 4 toward the nine brightest cores. The sample is a subset of a sample originally selected toward water masers; the selection on maser sources should favor sources in an early stage of evolution. The cores are located in the first and second Galactic quadrants with an average distance of 5.3 ± 3.7 kpc and were well detected with a median peak signal-to-noise ratio in the integrated intensity of 40. The integrated intensity of CS J = 5 → 4 correlates very well with the dust continuum emission at 350 μm. For 57 sufficiently isolated cores, a well-defined angular size (FWHM) was determined. The core radius (RCS), aspect ratio [(a/b)obs], virial mass (Mvir), surface density (Σ), and the luminosity in the CS J = 5 → 4 line (L(CS54)) are calculated. The distributions of size, virial mass, surface density, and luminosity are all peaked with a few cores skewed toward much larger values than the mean. The median values, μ1/2, are as follows: μ1/2 (RCS) = 0.32 pc, μ1/2 ((a/b)obs) = 1.20, μ1/2 (Mvir) = 920 M⊙, μ1/2 (Σ) = 0.60 g cm-2, μ1/2 (L(CS54)) = 1.9 × 10-2 L⊙, and μ1/2 (Lbol/Mvir) = 165 (L/M)⊙. We find a weak correlation between C34S line width and size, consistent with Δv ∼ R0.3. The line widths are much higher than would be predicted by the usual relations between line width and size determined from regions of lower mass. These regions are very turbulent. The derived virial mass agrees within a factor of 2-3 with mass estimates from dust emission at 350 μm after corrections for the density structure are accounted for. The resulting cumulative mass spectrum of cores above 1000 M⊙ can be approximated by a power law with a slope of about -0.9, steeper than that of clouds measured with tracers of lower density gas and close to that for the total masses of stars in OB associations. The median turbulent pressures are comparable to those in UCH II regions, and the pressures at small radii are similar to those in hypercompact H II regions (P/k ∼ 1010 K cm-3). The filling factors for dense gas are substantial, and the median abundance of CS is about 10-9. The ratio of bolometric luminosity to virial mass is much higher than the value found for molecular clouds as a whole, and the correlation of luminosity with mass is tighter.
Efficient photon counting and single-photon generation using resonant nonlinear optics

The behavior of an atomic double {lambda} system in the presence of a strong off-resonant classical field and a few-photon resonant quantum field is examined. It is shown that the system possesses properties that allow a single-photon state to be distilled from a multiphoton input wave packet. In addition, the system is also capable of functioning as an efficient photodetector discriminating between one- and two-photon wave packets with high efficiency.
Noncommutative topological theories of gravity

The possibility of noncommutative topological gravity arising in the same manner as Yang-Mills theory is explored. We use the Seiberg-Witten map to construct such a theory based on a $SL(2,\mathbf{C})$ complex connection, from which the Euler characteristic and the signature invariant are obtained. Finally, we speculate on the description of noncommutative gravitational instantons, as well as noncommutative local gravitational anomalies.
Problems with Higgsplosion

A recent calculation of the multi-Higgs boson production in scalar theories with spontaneous symmetry breaking has demonstrated the fast growth of the cross section with the Higgs multiplicity at sufficiently large energies, called "Higgsplosion. " It was argued that Higgsplosion solves the Higgs hierarchy and fine-tuning problems. In our paper we argue that: (a) the formula for Higgsplosion has a limited applicability and inconsistent with unitarity of the Standard Model; (b) that the contribution from Higgsplosion to the imaginary part of the Higgs boson propagator cannot be re-summed in order to furnish a solution of the Higgs hierarchy and fine-tuning problems.
Stacking order effects on the electronic and optical properties of GaS/XMoY (X/Y = S, Se, Te) Van der Waals heterostructures: a first-principles study

Two-dimensional (2D) heterostructures formed by van der Waals (vdW) interactions have attracted considerable attention in the fields of electronics and optoelectronics. The stacking order is not only an important method for regulating interlayer interactions, but also an intrinsic property specific to 2D vdW heterostructures. Herein, the GaS/XMoY (X/Y = S, Se, Te) vdW heterostructures are proposed by first-principles calculations. The effects of stacking order (namely, GaS/SMoSe, GaS/SeMoS, GaS/SeMoTe and GaS/TeMoSe) on the electronic properties, light absorption, and photocatalysis of the heterostructures are discussed in detail. We identify stacking order as a dominant pathway for interlayer interactions, and surmise that stacking order effectively regulates dipole moment, mechanical flexibility, carrier mobility, optical absorption coefficient, and photocatalytic water-splitting of GaS/XMoY heterostructures. The in-plane biaxial strain can make the energy gap of each stacking order reach a maximum value, and their photocatalytic performance can also be improved to different degrees. This work analyzes the modulation effect of stacking order on the material properties of GaS/XMoY heterostructures, which provides theoretical clues for the design of efficient and stable optoelectronic devices and photocatalytic water-splitting.
Solid-state thermal energy storage using reversible martensitic transformations

The identification and use of reversible Martensitic transformations, typically described as shape memory transformations, as a new class of solid-solid phase change material is experimentally demonstrated here for the first time. To prove this claim, time-domain thermoreflectance, frequency-domain thermoreflectance, and differential scanning calorimetry studies were conducted on commercial NiTi alloys to quantify thermal conductivity and latent heat. Additional Joule-heating experiments demonstrate successful temperature leveling during transient heating and cooling in a simulated environment. Compared to standard solid-solid materials and solid-liquid paraffin, these experimental results show that shape memory alloys provide up to a two order of magnitude higher Figure of Merit. Beyond these novel experimental results, a comprehensive review of >75 binary NiTi and NiTi-based ternary and quaternary alloys in the literature shows that shape memory alloys can be tuned in a wide range of transformation temperatures (from -50 to 330{deg}C), latent heats (from 9.1 to 35.1 J/g), and thermal conductivities (from 15.6 to 28 W/mK). This can be accomplished by changing the Ni and Ti balance, introducing trace elements, and/or by thermomechanical processing. Combining excellent corrosion resistance, formability, high strength and ductility, high thermal performance, and tunability, SMAs represent an exceptional phase change material that circumvents many of the scientific and engineering challenges hindering progress in this field.
On the couplings of the Rho meson in AdS/QCD

/f . The argument relies upon the fact that the ρ is the lowest-lying state created by a conserved current, and the detailed form of the integrals which determinethe couplings in AdS/QCD. Quasi-universality holds even when rho-dominance is violated. Theargument fails for all other hadrons, except for the lowest-lying spin-two hadron created by theenergy-momentum tensor. Explicit examples are discussed.
Separability of 3-qubits density matrices, related to l1 and l2 norms and to unfolding of tensors into matrices

We treat separability of 3 (and more) qubits states. Especially we discuss density matrices with maximally disordered subsystems (MDS), by using Hilbert-Schmidt (HS) decompositions, where in the general case these density matrices include 27 HS parameters. By using ‘unfolding methods’, the MDS tensors are converted into matrices and by applying singular values decompositions (SVD) to these matrices the number of the parameters for treating full separability, in the general MDS case, is reduced to 9, and under the condition that the sum of the absolute values of these parameters is not larger than 1, we conclude that the density matrix is fully separable. In order to know if density matrices with MDS are separable, one needs to check with 9 parameters at a time and not with all 27 parameters. We use also Frobenius (l2) norms. For treating bi-separability of 3-qubits MDS density matrices, the 27 HS parameters are divided into 9 triads. If the sum of the nine l2 norms for these triads is not larger than 1, we conclude that the density matrix is bi-separable. We analyze the relations between 3 qubits MDS density matrices and the method of high order singular value decomposition (HOSVD). We demonstrate the use of our methods in examples. For 3-qubits states which are non-MDS the HS decomposition includes up to 63 parameters. If the sum of the absolute values of all the HS parameters is not larger than 1, we conclude that the density matrix is fully separable, and we have explicit expressions for their separability. For the systems of GHZ and W states mixed with white noise we find a simple way to reduce the sum of the absolute values of the HS parameters and get better conditions for their full separability.