Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study of Creating Awareness for Adoption of Cloud Computing in Business Organizations : A Saudi Arabia Case

In last decade or so, modern computing development and convergence of Information Technology and Information System towards internet-basedcomputing platform evolved the concept of cloud computing. This platform is equipped with diversified computing services to enhance the business activity with lesser cost.Modern world has been benefited with this modern technology but developing countries are still far behind to reach that level of computing. Literature review shows that the lack of cloud computing adoption is one of the major concerns in the gulf region in general and Saudi Arabia in particular. Study is planned to observe and recognize theimportant factors which could enhance the adoption of cloud computing in Saudi business organizations. Technology Acceptance Model (TAM3) has been adapted and improved by adding moderating and general significantcausal factors to enhance the adoption level. For this purpose, study has been conducted using a comprehensive survey in different business organizations. Study results show that the technology adaption level and the proposed factors are strongly associated. Hence, research study validates the hypothesis that proposed factors contribute the adoption positively. The study findings will help business gurusto enhance the business productivity and cloud developers to improve the cloud computing services for the business users.
Diffusion-driven transition between two regimes of viscous fingering

Viscous fingering patterns can form at the interface between two immiscible fluids confined in the gap between a pair of flat plates; whenever the fluid with lower viscosity displaces the one of higher viscosity the interface is unstable. For miscible fluids the situation is more complicated due to the formation of interfacial structure in the thin dimension spanning the gap. Here we study the effect of the inherent diffusion between the two miscible fluids on this structure and on the viscous fingering patterns that emerge. We discover an unexpected transition separating two distinct regimes where the pattern morphologies and mode of onset are different. This transition is marked by a regime of transient stability as the structure of the fingers evolves from having three-dimensional structure to being quasi-two dimensional. The presence of diffusion allows an instability to form where it was otherwise forbidden.
Constraints on cosmic curvature with lensing time delays and gravitational waves

Assuming the $\Lambda$CDM model, the CMB and BAO observations indicate a very flat Universe. Model-independent measurements are therefore worth studying. Time delays measured in lensed quasars provide the time delay distances. When compared with the luminosity distances from Supernova Ia observation, the measurements can provide the curvature information under the Distance Sum Rule of FLRW metric. This method is limited by the low redshifts of SNe Ia. In this work, we propose gravitational waves from the Einstein Telescope as standard sirens which reach higher redshifts covering the redshift range of lensed quasars from Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, could provide much more stringent constraints on the curvature. We first consider a conservative case where only 100 gravitational waves with electromagnetic counterparts are available, the $1\sigma$ uncertainty for the curvature parameter $\Omega_k$ is 0.057. In an optimistic case with 1000 signals available, then $\Omega_k$ uncertainty is 0.027. Combining with SNe Ia from Dark Energy Survey, $\Omega_k$ can be further constrained to 0.027 and 0.018, respectively.
R
-parity violation and light neutralinos at CODEX-b, FASER, and MATHUSLA

The $LQ\overline{D}$ operator in $R$-parity-violating supersymmetry can lead to meson decays to light neutralinos and neutralino decays to lighter mesons, with a long lifetime. Since the high-luminosity LHC is expected to accumulate as much as $3/\mathrm{ab}$ of data, several detectors proposed to be built at the LHC may probe unexplored regions in the parameter space, for long-lived neutralinos. We estimate the sensitivity of the recently proposed detectors, CODEX-b, FASER, and MATHUSLA, for detecting such light neutralinos singly produced from $D$- and $B$-meson decays in a list of benchmark scenarios, and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the proposed detectors in this context. We also present our results in a model-independent fashion, which can be applied to any long-lived particle with mass in the GeV regime.
A path planning and path‐following control framework for a general 2‐trailer with a car‐like tractor

Maneuvering a general 2‐trailer with a car‐like tractor in backward motion is a task that requires a significant skill to master and is unarguably one of the most complicated tasks a truck driver has to perform. This paper presents a path planning and path‐following control solution that can be used to automatically plan and execute difficult parking and obstacle avoidance maneuvers by combining backward and forward motion. A lattice‐based path planning framework is developed in order to generate kinematically feasible and collision‐free paths and a path‐following controller is designed to stabilize the lateral and angular path‐following error states during path execution. To estimate the vehicle state needed for control, a nonlinear observer is developed, which only utilizes information from sensors that are mounted on the car‐like tractor, making the system independent of additional trailer sensors. The proposed path‐planning and path‐following control framework is implemented on a full‐scale test vehicle and results from simulations and real‐world experiments are presented.
A possibly inflated planet around the bright young star DS Tucanae A

Context. The origin of the observed diversity of planetary system architectures is one of the main topics of exoplanetary research. The detection of a statistically significant sample of planets around young stars allows us to study the early stages of planet formation and evolution, but only a handful are known so far. In this regard a considerable contribution is expected from the NASA TESS satellite, which is now performing a survey of ~85% of the sky to search for short-period transiting planets. Aims. In its first month of operation TESS found a planet candidate with an orbital period of 8.14 days around a member of the Tuc-Hor young association (~40 Myr), the G6V main component of the binary system DS Tuc. If confirmed, it would be the first transiting planet around a young star suitable for radial velocity and/or atmospheric characterisation. Our aim is to validate the planetary nature of this companion and to measure its orbital and physical parameters. Methods. We obtained accurate planet parameters by coupling an independent reprocessing of the TESS light curve with improved stellar parameters and the dilution caused by the binary companion; we analysed high-precision archival radial velocities to impose an upper limit of about 0.1 MJup on the planet mass; we finally ruled out the presence of external companions beyond 40 au with adaptive optics images. Results. We confirm the presence of a young giant (R = 0.50 RJup) planet having a non-negligible possibility to be inflated (theoretical mass ≲ 20 M⊕) around DS Tuc A. We discuss the feasibility of mass determination, Rossiter-McLaughlin analysis, and atmosphere characterisation allowed by the brightness of the star.
DiscreteFDR: An R package for controlling the false discovery rate for discrete test statistics

The simultaneous analysis of many statistical tests is ubiquitous in applications. Perhaps the most popular error rate used for avoiding type one error inflation is the false discovery rate (FDR). However, most theoretical and software development for FDR control has focused on the case of continuous test statistics. For discrete data, methods that provide proven FDR control and good performance have been proposed only recently. The R package DiscreteFDR provides an implementation of these methods. For particular commonly used discrete tests such as Fisher's exact test, it can be applied as an off-the-shelf tool by taking only the raw data as input. It can also be used for any arbitrary discrete test statistics by using some additional information on the distribution of these statistics. The paper reviews the statistical methods in a non-technical way, provides a detailed description of the implementation in DiscreteFDR and presents some sample code and analyses.
The impact of creative accounting methods on financial reports and statements in commercial banks listed on Amman stock exchange (field study)

The aim of this study is to identify the impact of creative accounting methods on financial reports and statements in commercial banks listed on Amman Stock Exchange. Thus, in order to achieve this goal, the study utilized the descriptive analytical approach for its suitability to the nature of the study, also, the questionnaire was used as an assessment tool for this study. Meanwhile, among the most important findings of the study is that earnings management operations include many means and methods aimed at achieving specific purposes serving the management. Additionally, that commercial banks have practiced earnings management and creative accounting operations to a large extent during the financial years covered by the study period. And that the banking management is not aware of the impacts resulting from the operations of practicing fraudulent accounting and earnings management on the financial reports and statements, which greatly affects the reliability of the financial statements, makes them misleading and loses their quality, objectivity and credibility, therefore, affects the decisions of those statements’ users. The study has recommended the need to activate the governmental supervisory role as well as the audit committees in banks to limit the banks' practice of earnings management and creative accounting for the purpose of achieving the best degree of accounting information's quality and to provide it with each of trust and suitability, as well as the need to increase the effectiveness of the professional organization of accounting and auditing profession in Jordan. Also, to take the necessary measures to develop and enhance the competencies of its members, especially those who undertake auditing operations of banks' accounts to reveal earnings management and creative accounting operations and then working on reduce them. Besides, the necessity to expedite the activation of the governance rules' implementation, provided that it includes imposing penalties on the management of banks that practice creative accounting operations for the purpose of giving the published financial statements for these banks in the financial market each of confidence and objectivity.
Conformal field theory on top of a breathing one-dimensional gas of hard core bosons

The recent results of [J. Dubail, J.-M. Stéphan, J. Viti, P. Calabrese, Scipost Phys. 2, 002 (2017)], which aim at providing access to large scale correlation functions of inhomogeneous critical one-dimensional quantum systems —e.g. a gas of hard core bosons in a trapping potential— are extended to a dynamical situation: a breathing gas in a time-dependent harmonic trap. Hard core bosons in a time-dependent harmonic potential are well known to be exactly solvable, and can thus be used as a benchmark for the approach. An extensive discussion of the approach and of its relation with classical and quantum hydrodynamics in one dimension is given, and new formulas for correlation functions, not easily obtainable by other methods, are derived. In particular, a remarkable formula for the large scale asymptotics of the bosonic \boldsymbol{n}𝐧-particle function \boldsymbol{\left< \Psi^\dagger (x_1,t_1) \dots \Psi^\dagger (x_n,t_n) \Psi(x_1',t_1') \dots \Psi(x_n',t_n') \right>} is obtained. Numerical checks of the approach are carried out for the fermionic two-point function —easier to access numerically in the microscopic model than the bosonic one— with perfect agreement.
Fully Using Classifiers for Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentation with Modified Cues

This paper proposes a novel weakly-supervised semantic segmentation method using image-level label only. The class-specific activation maps from the well-trained classifiers are used as cues to train a segmentation network. The well-known defects of these cues are coarseness and incompleteness. We use super-pixel to refine them, and fuse the cues extracted from both a color image trained classifier and a gray image trained classifier to compensate for their incompleteness. The conditional random field is adapted to regulate the training process and to refine the outputs further. Besides initializing the segmentation network, the previously trained classifier is also used in the testing phase to suppress the non-existing classes. Experimental results on the PASCAL VOC 2012 dataset illustrate the effectiveness of our method.
Stellar masses from granulation and oscillations of 23 bright red giants observed by BRITE-Constellation

Context. The study of stellar structure and evolution depends crucially on accurate stellar parameters. The photometry from space telescopes has provided superb data that enabled the asteroseismic characterisation of thousands of stars. However, typical targets of space telescopes are rather faint and complementary measurements are difficult to obtain. On the other hand, the brightest, otherwise well-studied stars, are lacking seismic characterization. Aims. Our goal is to use the granulation and/or oscillation timescales measured from photometric time series of bright red giants (1.6 ≤ V mag ≤ 5.3) observed with BRITE-Constellation to determine stellar surface gravities and masses. Methods. We used probabilistic methods to characterise the granulation and/or oscillation signal in the power density spectra and the autocorrelation function of the BRITE-Constellation time series. Results. We detect a clear granulation and/or oscillation signal in 23 red giant stars and extract the corresponding timescales from the power density spectra as well as the autocorrelation function of the BRITE-Constellation time series. To account for the recently discovered non-linearity of the classical seismic scaling relations, we used parameters from a large sample of Kepler stars to re-calibrate the scalings of the high- and low-frequency components of the granulation signal. We developed a method to identify which component is measured if only one granulation component is statistically significant in the data. We then used the new scalings to determine the surface gravity of our sample stars, finding them to be consistent with those determined from the autocorrelation signal of the time series. We further used radius estimates from the literature to determine the stellar masses of our sample stars from the measured surface gravities. We also defined a statistical measure for the evolutionary stage of the stars. Conclusions. Our sample of stars covers low-mass stars on the lower giant branch to evolved massive supergiants and even though we cannot verify our mass estimates with independent measurements from the literature, they appear to be at least good enough to separate high-mass from low-mass stars. Given the large known but usually not considered systematic uncertainties in the previous model-based mass estimates, we prefer our model-independent measurements.
Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Energy and Environmental Technologies : Barriers and Opportunities

During the past three decades environmental concerns have attracted more attention in order tofind more environmental benign and sustainable technologies. The role of entrepreneurs in the transformation of energy sector toward the sustainable and clean technologies has been significantly highlighted. The main aim of this research is to study the barriers to innovative anentrepreneurial activities related to the field of energy and environment. Another objectives of this research is to remark some of the key success factor of entrepreneurs in coping with the problems and obstacles in this field. In order to fulfill the aims and objectives of this research, two main research tools has been chosen: a) the review of literature and the secondary data, and b) interviewing the currently active entrepreneurs who are currently working in the field of energy and environment in Sweden in order to collect some qualitative primary data. The criteria by which companies are defined as active in the field of energy and environment are: more efficient use of resources, no or very low damages to the environment, and increasing the quality and standards of life of people. Most of the clean and sustainable energy technologies are in the R&D phase, so they depend mainly on university research. Since the pace of accomplishing project in universities are slower than that of the industry, being in R&D phase has caused some barriers to the innovative and entrepreneurial activities in this field. Also, any new technology in this industry should be able to compete with the old efficient and cheap technologies available in the market. This causes some difficulties in the process of commercialization of new technologies. Based on the results of the research, the industry of clean and sustainable energy technologies cannot be considered as an attractive industry for entrepreneurs. Although some areas of the industry could include technologies which seek less capital, this industry is still considered capital intensive. It is discussed in details that capital investment could be considered as a potential barrier. Knowledge spillover and internalization could be managed to act as a promoter of innovation, otherwise knowledge spillover and internalization act as a barrier to entrepreneurs due to the harms caused by free-riders and highly priced SETs, respectively. Policies, laws and regulations play a very important role in this respect. They can make either barriers or create opportunities, depending on how well-designed the regulations are. Being flexible, choosing an appropriate mentor, and taking advantage of environmental policies are among the success factors that entrepreneurs working in this field have suggested as strategiesto cope with the aforementioned problems.
An Analysis of Neural Word Representations for Wikipedia Articles Classification

Abstract One of the current popular methods of generating word representations is an approach based on the analysis of large document collections with neural networks. It creates so-called word-embeddings that attempt to learn relationships between words and encode this information in the form of a low-dimensional vector. The goal of this paper is to examine the differences between the most popular embedding models and the typical bag-of-words (BoW) approach used for document representation. The hypothesis behind the experiments is that the more informative the representation is, the better classification results it produces. The evaluation of the representations has been performed with regards to the accuracy of three text classifiers. The experiments have been performed on subsets of articles selected from Wikipedia. To test the independence of the results from the language of their dataset, we created datasets for the Polish and English versions of this repository. The datasets have been provided publicly to create a baseline to study the different representation methods. The classification tasks, which aim to reconstruct the human-made Wikipedia categories, confirm that the word embeddings can be successfully used for text classification. Word embeddings for document representation with typical vector averaging methods does not outperform usage of BoW. We use a modification of the document representation based on kernel transformations that shows an improvement of the text classification results. Also, we find that in most cases the method of dimensionality reduction with neural embeddings outperforms that of LSA.
Do Hospital Data Breaches Reduce Patient Care Quality

Objective: To estimate the relationship between a hospital data breach and hospital quality outcome Materials and Methods: Hospital data breaches reported to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services breach portal and the Privacy Rights Clearinghouse database were merged with the Medicare Hospital Compare data to assemble a panel of non-federal acutecare inpatient hospitals for years 2011 to 2015. The study panel included 2,619 hospitals. Changes in 30-day AMI mortality rate following a hospital data breach were estimated using a multivariate regression model based on a difference-in-differences approach. Results: A data breach was associated with a 0.338[95% CI, 0.101-0.576] percentage point increase in the 30-day AMI mortality rate in the year following the breach and a 0.446[95% CI, 0.164-0.729] percentage point increase two years after the breach. For comparison, the median 30-day AMI mortality rate has been decreasing about 0.4 percentage points annually since 2011 due to progress in care. The magnitude of the breach impact on hospitals' AMI mortality rates was comparable to a year's worth historical progress in reducing AMI mortality rates. Conclusion: Hospital data breaches significantly increased the 30-day mortality rate for AMI. Data breaches may disrupt the processes of care that rely on health information technology. Financial costs to repair a breach may also divert resources away from patient care. Thus breached hospitals should carefully focus investments in security procedures, processes, and health information technology that jointly lead to better data security and improved patient outcomes.
Revisiting (higher order and crystalline) topology in old models of lead telluride

Iñigo Robredo, 2 Maia G. Vergniory, 3 and Barry Bradlyn Donostia International Physics Center, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain Department of Condensed Matter Physics, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Apartado 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Maria Diaz de Haro 3, 48013 Bilbao, Spain Department of Physics and Institute for Condensed Matter Theory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801-3080, USA (Dated: April 4, 2019)
Relativistic Astronomy. II. In-flight Solution of Motion and Test of Special Relativity Light Aberration

The Breakthrough Starshot project aims to send centimeter-sized, gram-scale “StarChip” probes to Alpha Centauri at a speed of ∼0.2 c. On the other hand, Zhang & Li recently proposed that transrelativistic cameras may be sent to any direction to study astronomical objects and test special relativity. To conduct such “relativistic astronomy,” one needs to solve the motion of the probe in flight. We solve the motion of the probe (including the moving direction and the velocity) by comparing the positions of three or more point sources observed in the Earth rest frame and in the probe’s comoving frame. When the positions of enough point sources are taken into account, the motion of the probe can be solved with an error that is even smaller than the diffraction limit of the transrelativistic camera. After solving the motion, when the measurement of the position of an additional point source is introduced, one can use the data to test the light aberration effect in special relativity. The upper limit of the photon mass can be placed from the deviation of aberration to slightly lower than the energy of the photon, e.g., ∼1 eV.