Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Digital Planning for Immediate Implants in Anterior Esthetic Area: Immediate Result and Follow-Up after 3 Years of Clinical Outcome—Case Report

In this case report, we demonstrate how the correct positioning of implants, associated with optimal gingival conditioning, and the correct choice of biomaterial can yield very predictable and fantastic aesthetic results. Objective: We aimed to use dental implants to rehabilitate the area of elements #11 and #21 in a satisfactory surgical and prosthetic manner, using guided surgery, connective tissue, nano-biomaterials, and a porcelain prosthesis. Case Report: A 32-year-old male patient presented with bone loss of elements #11 and #21, which was proven radiographically and clinically. Thus, oral rehabilitation with the use of dental implants was required. It was decided to proceed via digital planning with the DSD program (Digital smile design) and with the software Exoplan, (Smart Dent-Germany) whenever it was possible to plan immediate provisional and accurate dental implant positioning through reverse diagnostics (Software Exoplan, Smart Dent-German). The dental elements were extracted atraumatically; then, a guide was established, the implants were positioned, the prosthetic components were placed, the conjunctive tissue was removed from the palate and redirected to the vestibular wall of the implants, the nano-graft (Blue Bone®) was conditioned in the gaps between the vestibular wall and the implants, and, finally, the cemented provision was installed. Results: After a 5-month accompaniment, an excellent remodeling of the tissues had been achieved by the implants; consequently, the final prosthetic stage could begin, which also achieved a remarkable aesthetic result. Conclusions: This report demonstrates that the correct planning of dental implants, which is associated with appropriate soft tissue and bone manipulation, allows for the achievement of admirable clinical results.
Computations of free surface flows Part 2: Two-dimensional unsteady bore diffraction

The unsteady bore wave diffraction patterns generated by a bore impinging on a circular cylinder and that generated by a bore passing through a contraction-expansion channel are simulated using high resolution nonoscillatory schemes. The two-dimensional shallow water equations in general curvilinear coordinates are used and the Strang-type dimensional splitting is employed. It was demonstrated that truly nonstationary hydraulic wave diffraction involving regular to Mach reflection, bore-bore collisions and their resulting complex interactions can be accurately computed by the present method.
On the theory of positron drift in a uniform electric field

The theory of electron drift and longitudinal diffusion in a uniform electric field is extended to positrons. The time- and position-dependent positron current is integrated to give a simple formula for the interpretation of positron drift experiments. The treatment is mathematically exact but neglects the transient attainment of a steady speed distribution of the positrons, and does not attempt to treat the boundary condition rigorously. These approximations are discussed, and justified under certain conditions.
Analysis and Flexible DV/DT Control of an Active Clamping Topology for Series-Connected SiC MOSFETs

Series-connection of SiC mosfets is an attractive solution to build cost effective and high efficiency medium voltage converters, however, the unequal voltage sharing among the power devices and the induced high dv/dt problems should be considered carefully. In this article, an active clamping topology and corresponding dv/dt control method for series-connected SiC mosfets are proposed. With the proposed topology, the drain-source voltage of each SiC mosfet can be clamped by discrete clamping capacitor, resulting in high robust switching. Besides, the clamping capacitor voltages can be autobalanced during the topology operation, so the peak voltages of the series-connected SiC mosfets can be easily balanced. By simply adjusting the gate drive delay time, the proposed topology could reduce the equivalent dv/dt of the device string with very small increase in power loss, so the high dv/dt induced switching noise can be suppressed greatly. Finally, a 4.8 kV/10 A half-bridge prototype is established with six SiC mosfets connected in series within per bridge arm, experimental results are provided to show the effectiveness and advancement of the proposed method.
Towards explanation of pulsar radio spectra

Refraction of radio waves in the ultrarelativistic highly magnetized pulsar plasma is considered. The influence of the eect on the observed pulsar spectra is studied. It is shown that refraction can cause a marked redistribution of the intensity in the emission beam. For a given sight-line trajectory across the beam this aects not only the apparent prole morphology but also the total intensity detected. As refraction is frequency-dependent, it can modify the pulsar spectrum. The spectral changes are peculiar to both the core and conal components. For the typical parameters of the magnetospheric plasma the eect is found to be ecient at the frequencies above 1 GHz. It is demonstrated that refraction can lead to the high-frequency steepening of the core-component spectrum with the subsequent flattening at still higher frequencies. In addition, the eect can account for the inversion of the intensity ratio of the conal components and the consequent break in the spectra of the conal-double pulsars. The high-frequency features of the pulsar spectra are compared with the other observational consequences of refraction. The conclusion is made that at the frequencies above 1 GHz the properties of pulsar radiation are mainly determined by the propagation eects in the magnetospheric plasma.
Building Trust in Medical Use of Artificial Intelligence – The Swarm Learning Principle

ABSTRACT An avalanche of medical data is starting to be build up. With the digitalisation of medicine and novel approaches such as the omics technologies, we are conquering ever bigger data spaces to be used to describe pathophysiology of diseases, define biomarkers for diagnostic purposes or identify novel drug targets. Utilising this growing lake of medical data will only be possible, if we make use of machine learning, in particular artificial intelligence (AI)-based algorithms. While the technological developments and chances of the data and information sciences are enormous, the use of AI in medicine also bears challenges and many of the current information technologies (IT) do not follow established medical traditions of mentoring, learning together, sharing insights, while preserving patient’s data privacy by patient physician privilege. Other challenges to the medical sector are demands from the scientific community such as “Open Science”, “Open Data”, “Open Access” principles. A major question to be solved is how to guide technological developments in the IT sector to serve well-established medical traditions and processes, yet allow medicine to benefit from the many advantages of state-of-the-art IT. Here, I provide the Swarm Learning (SL) principle as a conceptual framework designed to foster medical standards, processes and traditions. A major difference to current IT solutions is the inherent property of SL to appreciate and acknowledge existing regulations in medicine that have been proven beneficial for patients and medical personal alike for centuries.
An Improved Robust Deadbeat Predictive Current Control for the Consequent-Pole Hybrid Excitation Motor

This paper proposes an improved robust deadbeat predictive current control (DPCC) to optimize the current loop control performance of the hybrid excitation motor (HEM) drive system, which is a multi-variable and strongly coupled system. First, the topology and mathematical model of a consequent-pole hybrid excitation machine (CPHEM) are introduced. In order to optimize the current performance of HEM drive system, a DPCC strategy is proposed, followed by a proposed stability analysis method for parameter mismatch. In addition, a robust deadbeat predictive current control (RDPCC) based on extended state observer (ESO) is proposed to suppress the effects of parameter mismatch in DPCC. Furthermore, in the predictive control of HEMs, the divergence of current prediction is caused by certain combinations of controller parameters, which is not resolved by RDPCC. To deal with this issue, the estimation equations of the virtual parameter are introduced into the current prediction of RDPCC. Finally, the effectiveness of proposed control strategy is verified in experiments.
The turbulent flow in a slug: a re-examination

The transition to turbulence in pipe flow proceeds through several distinct stages, eventually producing aggressively expanding regions of fluctuations, ‘slugs’, surrounded by laminar flow. By examining mean-velocity profiles, fluctuating-velocity profiles and Reynolds stress profiles, the seminal study of Wygnanski & Champagne (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 59 (2), 1973, 281–335) concluded that the flow inside slugs is ‘identical’ to fully turbulent flow. Although this conclusion is widely accepted, upon closer examination of their analysis, we find that their data cannot be used to substantiate this conclusion. We resolve this conflict via new experiments and simulations wherein we pair slugs and fully turbulent flow at the same value of Reynolds number ($Re$). We conclude that the flow inside a slug is indeed indistinguishable from a fully turbulent flow but only when the two flows share the same value of $Re$. Our work highlights the rich $Re$-dependence of transitional pipe flows.
Awareness of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors by Community Pharmacists in Saudi Arabia

Background: Pharmacists in community settings are recognized as highly accessible healthcare practitioners and demonstrate a crucial role in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Evidence indicates that community pharmacists can make a significant impact on controlling cardiovascular disease risk factors, particularly on hypertension. Objectives: We aimed to assess the knowledge of community pharmacists in Saudi Arabia regarding cardiovascular disease risk factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving community pharmacists was conducted. The knowledge of cardiovascular disease risk factors was assessed with the Heart Disease Fact Questionnaire (HDFQ). A web link for an anonymous questionnaire was shared with the licensed community pharmacists in Saudi Arabia using the “Seha” platform of the Ministry of Health. Data analysis was performed with R version 4.0. 5. Results: Three hundred seventy-four community pharmacists responded to the questionnaire. Many community pharmacists (94.4%) had satisfactory awareness of cardiovascular disease risk factors. The odds of having satisfactory HDFQ knowledge for community pharmacists seeing more than 20 individuals with diabetes per month were 20 times (AOR = 19.9, 95% CI: 1.73–260, and p = 0.019) more compared to those seeing fewer than 10 individuals with diabetes per month. The age of the community pharmacists and the average number of individuals with diabetes seen per month were found to be factors associated with satisfactory HDFQ knowledge. Conclusion: The practicing pharmacists had a substantial understanding of cardiovascular disease risk factors. In line with counseling and education, the implementation of community pharmacy models for improving the knowledge of pharmacists, particularly the young pharmacists, is needed to effectively assist patients with cardiovascular disease.
THE USE OF METHODS FOR OPTIMIZING THE GENETIC ALGORITHM FOR THE COLORS OF A FRACTAL STRUCTURE PATTERN IN CARPET DESIGN

Customer satisfaction can be enhanced by reducing the gap between what the customer really needs (customer requirements) and what the manufacturer can provide (product specifications). The carpet industry’s customer design approach, in which products are created by converting customer needs into product specifications (in a mass production system) or into product diversity (in a mass customization system), cannot provide optimal satisfaction to all customers. Some carpet buyers are still forced to soften their requirements and agree to a pre-determined product in the assortment. This study proposes a new carpet design concept and an optimal price per customer order to increase customer satisfaction by opening the maximum possible channel for customers so that they can participate in value creation, so that they are no longer only looking for goods, but can, if necessary, involve in the production cycle to specify their own design. To ensure the viability of the proposed concept, this article presents the integration of the point of separation of the participation of several customers, the analysis of product attributes, crowd screening and a new production strategy. Real resin-based desktop clock products are used as a practical example to test the applicability of the concept and dem - onstrate its advantages.
Critical radius for exchange bias in naturally oxidized Fe nanoparticles

Details of synthesis and structural characterization of highly crystalline iron oxide nanoparticles are presented together with results on the magnetic investigation as a function of the temperature and applied field. Monodisperse Fe nanoparticles were prepared by thermal decomposition of iron pentacarbonyl in the presence of oleic acid. These iron nanoparticles were readily oxidized on exposure to air. The resulting nanocrystals have been identified as inverse spinels, being $\ensuremath{\gamma}\text{\ensuremath{-}}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ the dominant phase of the small $5\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{nm}$ iron oxide nanocrystals, whereas the proportion of the ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{3}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ component gradually increases on increasing the particle size. The small particles volume resulted in finite-size effects, for instance, the magnetization deviates from the ${T}^{3∕2}$ Bloch's law. At the same time, high field irreversibility and shifted hysteresis loops after field-cooled processes have been detected, and attributed to a low-temperature surface spin-glass layer. Moreover, there is a critical diameter below which the surface spin-glass behavior and exchange bias effect abruptly disappear.
Novel SVPWM for Open Winding PMSM Drives With Simultaneous Common Mode Voltage Control and Full Frequency Zero Sequence Current Suppression

Zero sequence voltage (ZSV) can cause zero sequence current (ZSC), while variation of common mode voltage (CMV) can cause bearing current in an open winding (OW) permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) fed by common dc -bus dual two-level inverters. This article proposes a novel space vector pulsewidth modulation (SVPWM) strategy for simultaneously eliminating CMV variation and suppressing full frequency ZSC harmonics in either linear or over modulation region by optimal selection of switching combinations. The proposed SVPWM can reduce large ZSV ripples and number of switching actions in the conventional CMV control method for the common dc -bus OW drive. Thus, high-frequency ZSC harmonics and switching frequency can be significantly reduced in both linear and over modulation regions. Moreover, the proposed SVPWM can suppress large low-frequency ZSC harmonics induced by the conventional method in over modulation region. The superior performances of CMV variation elimination and full frequency ZSC suppression in the proposed SVPWM are verified by experiments.
Asymptotic and Structural Theorems for the Markov Renewal Equation

The multidimensional renewal equation $$ \varphi(t)=g(t)+\int_0^t[dF(x)]\,\varphi(t-x) $$ is considered. Here $g\in L_1^n(0;\infty)$, $F(t)=(F_{ij}(t))_{i,j=1}^n$ $\,(n < \infty)$, $F(t)=0$ for $t\le 0$, $F(t)\uparrow$, $r(A)=1$, where $A=F(+\infty)$ and $r(A)$~is the spectral radius of the matrix~A. For the particular case of the Markov renewal equation $\int^{n}_{i=1} F_{ij}(+\infty)=1$. We assume that A is an indecomposable matrix and a convolution power of the measure $dF$ has a nontrivial absolutely continuous component. Under these conditions it is shown that the solution of the Markov renewal equation has the form: $\varphi(t)=\mu+\rho(t)+\psi(t)$, $\rho\in C_0^n[0;\infty)$, $\psi\in L_1^n(0;\infty)$. If~$dF$ is a measure with finite second moment, then $\rho\in L_1^n(0;\infty)$. Explicit formulas are obtained for~$\mu$ and $\sigma=\int_0^\infty[\varphi(t)-\mu]\,dt$. Hence there follows, in particular, an asymptotic formula for $\int_0^t\varphi(x)\,dx$.
Time domain reflectrometry: Calibration techniques for accurate measurement of the dielectric properties of various materials

In this work, an extensive theoretical and experimental analysis has been carried out on the main factors that affect the accurate evaluation of dielectric properties using time domain reflectometry (TDR). Dielectric constant measurements have been performed under different experimental conditions for various types of materials having a wide range of permittivity values. Interpretation of the results on the basis of the transmission-line theory emphasizes the importance of a suitable calibration procedure that takes into account several critical aspects, some of which seem to have been disregarded or underestimated in the literature. Qualitative and quantitative information is given on the kind of corrections needed in order to significantly improve the reliability of the TDR technique for permittivity measurements.
Two-dimensional van der Waals ferromagnetic thin film CrTe2 with high Curie temperature and metallic conductivity

Two-dimensional van der Waals (2D vdW) materials have opened up an opportunity to explore an innovative spin-based magnetic nanodevice. However, controllable fabrication of 2D vdW ferromagnets with high Curie temperature remains challenging. In this paper, we reported the growth of 2D CrTe2 single-crystal films epitaxially on Al2O3 substrates using pulsed laser deposition. We find that it shows a typical paramagnetic–ferromagnetic (PM–FM) phase transition around 200 K. The precise Curie temperature and Weiss temperature are 189 and 206.7 K, respectively. The saturation magnetization reaches 73.64 emu/g for the film thickness of 30 nm. The critical exponent β = 0.329 indicates that the magnetic interactions obey the 3D-Ising model. Electronic transport measurement confirms that a CrTe2 film always remains a metallic behavior at 5 K [Formula: see text] T [Formula: see text] 320 K and the resistivity of room temperature is 1.5 mΩ/cm. The first-principles calculation uncovers that the FM ordering state mainly stems from an exchange coupling of the adjacent Cr-spin t2 g polarized electrons and the metallic conductivity is due to p–d orbital hybridization between Cr and Te atoms. This work would shed new light on studying large-scale growth of 2D magnets and developing 2D magnet-based nanodevices of room temperature.
PARSIMONIOUS PERIODIC TIME SERIES MODELING

This paper studies techniques for fitting parsimonious periodic time series models to periodic data. Large sample standard errors for the parameter estimates in a periodic autoregressive moving‐average time series model under parametric constraints are derived. Likelihood ratio statistics for hypothesis testing are examined. The techniques are applied in modeling daily temperatures at Griffin, Georgia, USA.
Three-dimensional dielectric photonic crystals of body-centered-tetragonal lattice structure

Numerical calculation has been carried out for three-dimensional (3D) dielectric photonic crystals of body-centered-tetragonal (bct) lattice structure, which can be produced by utilizing the electrorheological and magnetorheological effect. The calculation shows that there is a complete band gap between the fifth band and the sixth band if the ratio of the dielectric constant of the host medium eh to the dielectric constant of the spheres ea is high enough, eh/ea>15.7. Therefore, 3D bct dielectric photonic crystals will be suitable for various optical applications.
Rapid Scan Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Is a Suitable Tool to Study Intermolecular Interactions of Intrinsically Disordered Protein

Simple Summary To understand complex cellular processes, the investigation of intrinsically disordered proteins that are involved in the most crucial mechanisms is of utmost importance. However, intrinsically disordered proteins lack a well-defined structure and exhibit vast flexibility. A prominent example is α-synuclein, that under pathological conditions, self-interacts and forms highly-ordered filamentous aggregates characteristic of neurodegenerative disorders, e.g., Parkinson’s disease. Due to its broad conformational ensemble, its investigation is hampered, and suitable biophysical methods to elucidate underlying interactions and mechanisms on a molecular level are scarce. Investigating the aggregation process and prevailing kinetics is essential to gain insight into the causes of the pathological processes and eventually invent effective treatments. Here, we set out to investigate the accelerated aggregation process of α-synuclein and its disease mutants in the presence of ethanol. For the first time, we made use of rapid scan electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy to study the kinetics of α-synuclein aggregation. We were able to highlight differences between different protein variants and demonstrated that this approach outperforms conventional techniques in terms of sensitivity and rapidity of data acquisition and successfully demonstrated that this technique is suitable for studying intermolecular interactions with fast kinetics. Abstract Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are involved in most crucial cellular processes. However, they lack a well-defined fold hampering the investigation of their structural ensemble and interactions. Suitable biophysical methods able to manage their inherent flexibility and broad conformational ensemble are scarce. Here, we used rapid scan (RS) electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy to study the intermolecular interactions of the IDP α-synuclein (aS). aS aggregation and fibril deposition is the hallmark of Parkinson’s disease, and specific point mutations, among them A30P and A53T, were linked to the early onset of the disease. To understand the pathological processes, research intensively investigates aS aggregation kinetics, which was reported to be accelerated in the presence of ethanol. Conventional techniques fail to capture these fast processes due to their limited time resolution and, thus, lose kinetic information. We have demonstrated that RS EPR spectroscopy is suitable for studying aS aggregation by resolving underlying kinetics and highlighting differences in fibrillization behavior. RS EPR spectroscopy outperforms traditional EPR methods in terms of sensitivity by a factor of 5 in our case while significantly reducing data acquisition time. Thus, we were able to sample short time intervals capturing single events taking place during the aggregation process. Further studies will therefore be able to shed light on biological processes proceeding on fast time scales.