Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Heterogeneous Tissue Modulus Improved Prediction of Mechanical Behavior in Osteoporotic Vertebral Cancellous Bone

The structural integrity of cancellous bone, which is essential to its skeletal load-bearing capacity, is governed chiefly by apparent density, trabecular architecture, and tissue material properties. Metabolic bone disorders such as osteoporosis can affect each of these factors, resulting in compromised load-bearing function and fracture. While the impact of apparent density and architecture on bone structural behavior is well-documented, much less is known about the influence of tissue material properties, particularly in osteoporotic bone. In this work, we isolated the influence of tissue modulus on normal and osteoporotic cancellous bone structural integrity, indicated by the apparent elastic modulus under uniaxial compression and patterns of internal tissue strain. Finite element (FE) models derived from 3D micro-computed tomography images were compared to physical testing data of the same samples. Three sets of FE models with increasing material detail were studied: 1) universal tissue elastic modulus (20 GPa), 2) specimen-specific average tissue modulus, and 3) heterogeneous tissue modulus. Applying a universal modulus resulted in overestimation of osteoporotic bone apparent modulus; applying specimen-specific material properties, either as a single average tissue modulus or heterogeneous distribution of tissue moduli, prevented significant apparent modulus overestimation. The greatest improvement in apparent modulus prediction resulted from incorporating a specimen-specific average tissue modulus, though using a specimen-specific heterogeneous tissue modulus provided the most reliable prediction of apparent modulus overall. In addition, median element strain in heterogeneous models also trended lower than in homogeneous models. This finding suggests that heterogeneous material properties may play a role in protective strain-concentrating mechanisms observed in cancellous bone. We conclude that future work exploring trabecular bone mechanics through finite element analysis should incorporate specimen-specific average tissue modulus at a minimum, but heterogeneous tissue modulus is recommended to maximize the functional similarity of bone in silico with bone in vivo.
Response of composite insulators to dynamic mechanical loads

Four types of composite insulator made with the two most commonly used end fitting designs have been subjected to dynamic mechanical loads. It was found that a combination of dynamic flexion and static tension loads had a more severe effect on the insulators than pulsed tension loads, which in turn were more severe than static tension loads. The design of the end fitting has a significant influence on the response of the insulator to dynamic loads. The results also indicate that it may be more relevant for a user to select composite insulators on the basis of their performance under dynamic loads than under static tension loads. >
The Context of Caring and Concern for Falling Differentiate Which Mobile Fall Technology Features Chinese Family Caregivers Find Most Important

Falls are not only a leading cause of death and disability, but also a strain on the capacity for caregivers to provide care. This study examined how the context of caregiving relates to the importance of caregiver-defined mobile fall prevention feature sets. A sample of 266 family caregivers, recruited from a Chinese social media platform, reported care for an older adult and interest in mobile fall prevention technology features. Factor analysis identified three caregiver-defined feature sets: automatic fall response, digitized fall prevention tools, and social features. Multiple regression showed caregivers’ concern about falling was the most robust predictor of a feature set’s importance. Poisson regression revealed that caregiver concern and assistance with instrumental activities of daily living were associated with rating more features as important. Our findings suggest that caregivers are interested in mobile fall prevention technologies that support older adults’ independence while also alleviating concerns about falling.
Interorganizational collaboration: Transformation strategies to reduce construction disputes in the construction industry

The purpose of this descriptive study, using a Delphi pilot and survey design was to investigate causes of construction project disputes, discover interorganizational processes and transformation strategies that could be implemented to decrease construction project disputes. The justification for conducting the study was that there are few current efforts on the part of construction industry stakeholders to solve the dispute problem affecting all stakeholders. The results of the research, shed light on the perspectives and experience of one construction project stakeholder group—engineers. The major findings of this study conducted with construction industry engineers are: 1) the most frequent and most damaging problems occurring in construction projects are caused by deficits in basic management functions; 2) contractors must improve managerial acumen and leadership effectiveness; 3) new business models must be devised that facilitate new types of stakeholder relationships; and 4) improved processes and technologies must be incorporated in the execution of construction projects. The dissertation provides some recommendations based on the findings.
Nine-Level Nine-Switch Common-Ground Switched-Capacitor Inverter Suitable for High-Frequency AC-Microgrid Applications

Voltage source multilevel inverters with reduced leakage current, single-stage voltage step-up feature, compact design, and an efficient performance are a promising technology for high-frequency ac (HFac) microgrids feeding through renewable energy sources. This article proposes a novel single-source common-grounded (CG) step-up nine-level (9L) inverter, which can be applied in HFac microgrid applications. The proposed CG-based boost inverter is comprised of only nine switches (9S) and three self-balanced capacitors. Using the switched-capacitor (SC) technique, a double voltage boosting feature within a single power processing stage is achieved, while the leakage current concern is eliminated due to a CG-based configuration between the input dc source and the null of the grid. With the help of an LC input filter, the input current profile is free from large discontinuous inrush spikes. The working principles of the proposed 9L9S-CGSC inverter are discussed in this article. The modulation and closed-loop control strategy, as well as a comparative study, are presented. Finally, the open and closed-loop grid-tied performances of the proposed topology are evaluated by both simulation and experimental results obtained from a 1.2-kW laboratory-built prototype.
High-Adhesive Flexible Electrodes and Their Manufacture: A Review

All human activity is associated with the generation of electrical signals. These signals are collectively referred to as electrical physiology (EP) signals (e.g., electrocardiogram, electroencephalogram, electromyography, electrooculography, etc.), which can be recorded by electrodes. EP electrodes are not only widely used in the study of primary diseases and clinical practice, but also have potential applications in wearable electronics, human–computer interface, and intelligent robots. Various technologies are required to achieve such goals. Among these technologies, adhesion and stretchable electrode technology is a key component for rapid development of high-performance sensors. In last decade, remarkable efforts have been made in the development of flexible and high-adhesive EP recording systems and preparation technologies. Regarding these advancements, this review outlines the design strategies and related materials for flexible and adhesive EP electrodes, and briefly summarizes their related manufacturing techniques.
Use of D-InSAR Technique for Monitoring Ground Subsidence in the Yanzhou Coal Mining Area (China)

In this paper, it monitored ground subsidence in the coal mining area using two-pass D-InSAR technique. We obtained 9 ALOS PALSAR single-look complex (SLC) images in Yanzhou coal mining area from December 2007 to Februay 2009. Based on SAR interferometric pairs and SRTM DEM, we detected the subsided areas and got the vertical subsided quantity. We got the ground subsidence maps in different stages from 2007 to 2009. Several important subsided areas were selected and then analyzed in detail. It analyzed the general laws of mining subsidence. The results indicated that two-pass D-InSAR technique based on L-band PALSAR data and SRTM DEM is a very simple, rapid and efficient way to detect and to monitor ground subsidence in the coal mining area, even in the areas with vegetation covered.
Biosorption of Zn(II) from Seawater Solution by the Microalgal Biomass of Tetraselmis marina AC16-MESO

Biosorption refers to a physicochemical process where substances are removed from the solution by a biological material (live or dead) via adsorption processes governed by mechanisms such as surface complexation, ion exchange, and precipitation. This study aimed to evaluate the adsorption of Zn2+ in seawater using the microalgal biomass of Tetraselmis marina AC16-MESO “in vivo” and “not alive” at different concentrations of Zn2+ (0, 5, 10, and 20 mg L−1) at 72 h. Analysis was carried out by using the Langmuir isotherms and by evaluating the autofluorescence from microalgae. The maximum adsorption of Zn2+ by the Langmuir model using the Qmax parameter in the living microalgal biomass (Qmax = 0.03051 mg g−1) was more significant than the non-living microalgal biomass of T. marine AC16-MESO (Qmax = 0.02297 mg g−1). Furthermore, a decrease in fluorescence was detected in cells from T. marina AC16-MESO, in the following order: Zn2+ (0 < 20 < 5 < 10) mg L−1. Zn2+ was adsorbed quickly by living cells from T. marine AC16-MESO compared to the non-living microalgal biomass, with a decrease in photosystem II activities from 0 to 20 mg L−1 Zn2+ in living cells.
Lightweight RFID Authentication Protocol for Cloud Services using PUF Encryption

To solve the problem that the existing Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) system authentication protocol is not suitable for large-scale RFID tag system, a lightweight RFID Security Authentication Protocol Based on cloud server is studied. Using physical unclonable function (PUF), permutation, string matching and other lightweight encryption algorithms to reduce hardware resource consumption. Add timestamp data to authentication information transmitted in wireless channel to ensure the freshness of authentication information. Use double index mechanism for data access in cloud server to prevent the system from asynchronous attack. BAN logic detection is used to prove the untraceable privacy security. Security analysis shows that the proposed protocol can effectively resist multiple attacks. Comparative analysis shows that the resource consumption and security performance of this protocol are better than those of the compared RFID authentication protocols.
How Many Vehicles Do We Need? Fleet Sizing for Shared Autonomous Vehicles With Ridesharing

Fleet sizing is critical for shared autonomous vehicle(SAV) fleet management to reduce maintenance costs and traffic congestions. As the passenger demands are dynamic, how to make the demand-aware dynamic ridesharing and calculate the fleet size is an important and challenging problem. In this paper, we propose a minimum fleet sizing method called Fleet Sizing for demand-aware Dynamic Ridesharing (FSDR) to accurately determine the fleet size for ridesharing enabled SAV system. Specifically, the travel demands are first predicted by an ensemble method that takes account of temporal correlations between regions. Then a concept called demand utility is proposed to measure the travel demands when planning vehicle paths, and the ride-matching dispatches vehicles to high travel demand regions by maximizing the demand utility along the vehicle path. Based on the ride-matching result, the minimum fleet size is calculated based on a trip graph by the Hopcroft-Karp algorithm. FSDR is evaluated on two real GPS taxi trajectory datasets from Wuhan, China, and San Francisco, USA. The result validates that the proposed demand-aware ridesharing in FSDR can significantly reduce the fleet size compared to the existing ride-matching methods. Moreover, the result shows that by allowing ridesharing, the vehicle fleet size can be reduced by 30%.
Update: Deployment of Innovative Genetic Vector Control Strategies including an update on the MosqGuide Project

This short note gives an update on the deployment of innovative genetic vector control strategies since the publication of the original paper in 2009. Rapid progress is being made in field activities with genetically modified Aedes aegypti that express a self-limiting trait. The process by which countries make decisions on risk assessment and management for GM mosquitoes within their national frameworks is an essential prerequisite to such field releases. This note also briefly updates on the activities of other initiatives described in the original paper, including the MosqGuide project.
21-Gene Assay to Inform Chemotherapy Benefit in Node-Positive Breast Cancer.

BACKGROUND The recurrence score based on the 21-gene breast-cancer assay has been clinically useful in predicting a chemotherapy benefit in hormone-receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative, axillary lymph-node-negative breast cancer. In women with positive lymph-node disease, the role of the recurrence score with respect to predicting a benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy is unclear. METHODS In a prospective trial, we randomly assigned women with hormone-receptor-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer, one to three positive axillary lymph nodes, and a recurrence score of 25 or lower (scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating a worse prognosis) to endocrine therapy only or to chemotherapy plus endocrine (chemoendocrine) therapy. The primary objective was to determine the effect of chemotherapy on invasive disease-free survival and whether the effect was influenced by the recurrence score. Secondary end points included distant relapse-free survival. RESULTS A total of 5083 women (33.2% premenopausal and 66.8% postmenopausal) underwent randomization, and 5018 participated in the trial. At the prespecified third interim analysis, the chemotherapy benefit with respect to increasing invasive disease-free survival differed according to menopausal status (P = 0.008 for the comparison of chemotherapy benefit in premenopausal and postmenopausal participants), and separate prespecified analyses were conducted. Among postmenopausal women, invasive disease-free survival at 5 years was 91.9% in the endocrine-only group and 91.3% in the chemoendocrine group, with no chemotherapy benefit (hazard ratio for invasive disease recurrence, new primary cancer [breast cancer or another type], or death, 1.02; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.82 to 1.26; P = 0.89). Among premenopausal women, invasive disease-free survival at 5 years was 89.0% with endocrine-only therapy and 93.9% with chemoendocrine therapy (hazard ratio, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.43 to 0.83; P = 0.002), with a similar increase in distant relapse-free survival (hazard ratio, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.39 to 0.87; P = 0.009). The relative chemotherapy benefit did not increase as the recurrence score increased. CONCLUSIONS Among premenopausal women with one to three positive lymph nodes and a recurrence score of 25 or lower, those who received chemoendocrine therapy had longer invasive disease-free survival and distant relapse-free survival than those who received endocrine-only therapy, whereas postmenopausal women with similar characteristics did not benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy. (Funded by the National Cancer Institute and others; RxPONDER ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01272037.).
Leader-follower Consensus-based Privacy-preserving Multi-objective Dispatching for Microgrid

Considering that the existing distributed multi-objective dispatching methods for microgrids will cause the privacy disclosure of the participant. Literatures on privacy preservation for the leader-follower consensus algorithm are lacking. With the introduction of a fast consensus algorithm, the privacy-preserved multi-objective dispatching problem for microgrids is considered in this paper. First, a multi-objective model is established, and a fast consensus-based leader-follower method is illustrated to achieve the dispatching. The privacy disclosure problems for nodes $\text{in}$ the microgrid, especially for the leader nodes, are analyzed. Second, the exponential noises with encryption function and zero-sum are added to the consensus state. Some zero-sum random numbers are added to nodes' power, and then the global power difference is calculated to improve privacy. Third, the $(\varepsilon,\ \delta_{p})$ -data privacy is introduced to measure the privacy-preserving degree of the initial value of nodes. The value of $(\varepsilon,\ \delta_{p})$ -data privacy for each node is analyzed with the use of the probability statistic method. Last, for microgrids with a modified IEEE14 bus, some simulations are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. Simulation results show that the proposed method can not only accelerate the convergence speed, but also ensure the participant's privacy, the convergence, and the convergence optimality of the final state of microgrid.
An Emotional Rally: Exploring Commenters’ Responses to Online News Coverage of the COVID-19 Crisis in Austria

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic presents an unparalleled global crisis impacting both public and private life. In the situation of uncertainty, emotions run high and might compromise the public acceptance of and compliance with countermeasures tackling the crisis. Mass media play an integral part in communicating crisis measures and provide an institutionalised channel to diffuse relevant information to a broad audience. This is especially true for digital outlets of legacy media given the greater immediacy of coverage. In addition, digital news offers the unique opportunity for readers to engage with the news contents, allowing an analysis of the dynamics of emotional reactions to crisis news coverage. We explore the case of Austria as an early COVID-19 hotspot. We analyse digital news coverage of two high-circulation newspapers and the emotionality it prompted in user comments, based on a unique dataset comprising 38,253 articles and around 1.6 Million comments from 1 January 2020 to 30 June 2020. Results show increased emotionality during lockdown and towards the government. With reference to the rally around-the-flag literature, we interpret this as emotional rallying behind the responsible political crisis managers.
Um sistema para classificar e codificar os trabalhos que relacionam o controle da produção e o controle da qualidade

This work presents a system for classifying and codifying papers (PCCS - papers classification and codification system) relating Production Control (PC) and Quality Control (QC). The classification system is based on three main characteristics. These characteristics are: the nature, the focus and the goals of the article. The codification system uses the basic idea of the Group Technology (codification of the families of parts). An hybrid structure with three digits is used to codify the characteristics aforementioned. A survey, compounded by 45 papers (we tried to perform a survey the most complete as possible) was accomplished and used to create the PCCS. The system is validated through its use on the classification and codification of the papers found on survey. The classification and codification is useful to structure the literature about PC and QC and to perform a general analysis about the theme. From the analysis of these papers, using our system, a mental clarification and communication of the researches relating PC and QC is obtained. After such analysis, new research areas within the relations between PC and QC can be suggested. The paper also highlights the importance in studying the relationship between PC and QC.
Sidelobe Radiation Suppression of Wideband Horn Antennas by Utilizing SRR Arrays

A sidelobe reduction strategy that employs split ring resonator (SRR) arrays is introduced for wideband horn antennas. The developed SRR array comprises five SRRs that placed side by side at equal intervals. By incorporating the developed SRR arrays with the pyramidal horn antenna, the E-plane sidelobe radiation levels of the antenna are reduced significantly without disturbing the mainlobes of the H-plane radiation patterns and meanwhile the realized gain of the horn antenna is enhanced by more than 1.36 dB over the operational band of 8-9 GHz. Moreover, the loading of the SRR arrays does not deteriorate the radiation efficiency and impedance matching of the horn antenna.
Research on Loop Decoupling Control Based on Fuzzy RBF Neural Network

In hot strip rolling mill, looper system is multivariable, strongly coupled and highly disturbed. These characteristics make the design of multivariable loop system more complex. For this complex nonlinear system, the mathematical model of looper system is established. Due to the better convergence performance of fuzzy control and the self-learning and self-adaptive characteristics of neural network, the conventional PID control is combined with fuzzy control and neural network. A PID control method based on fuzzy radial basis function (RBF) neural network is proposed to decouple the looper system. Through MATLAB simulation, the results show that the decoupling control method has good decoupling effect, fast response speed, good anti-interference performance, and effectively improves the control accuracy of looper system.
General Stability Analysis of Periodic Steady-State Regimes in Nonlinear Microwave Circuits

The problem of analyzing the stability of periodic equilibrium regimes in nonlinear microwave circuits is tackled by a general-purpose computer-aided approach. By means of a perturbation technique, the search for instabilities is reduced to a generalized eigenvalue equation expressed in matrix form, and is then carried out by Nyquist's analysis. The use of a vector processor allows the computer time requirements to be kept well within reasonable limits, even in the case of large-size problems. In perspective, this could open the way to the complementation of existing nonlinear CAD packages by an on-line facility for automatic stability analysis.
Power Optimization in Domino Circuits Using Current Mirror Based Leakage Compensating Keeper

In this work low leakage and high noise immunity domino circuit with negligible speed degradation is proposed. Wide Fan-In Gates are widely used as address decoders in memories. Wide Fan-In Gates increase the capacitance of the dynamic node which reduces the speed in domino circuits. Current contention exists between keeper transistor and evaluation network adding to speed reduction. To overcome this problem logic implementation network in the proposed Leakage Compensating Keeper (LCK) is separated from the dynamic node by current comparison stage in which the current of the pull up network is used to charge the capacitor at the dynamic node. Since capacitance is reduced the loss in speed due to additional transistors is compensated. Because of reduced parasitic capacitance Current Mirror based LCK is enough to design faster circuits. LCK improves the noise immunity by grounding the pull up networks leakage current. Simulation results shows that the proposed circuit has 22% power reduction compared to Standard Footless Domino for a 64bit input OR gate.