Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Noise characterization by voronoi cell modeling for perpendicular double layer media

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ disk was the same ah for our previous error rate measurements [I]. Differentiated readback waveforms for a designated position on the disk were averaged to reduce electronics noise using precise phase matching based on cross-correlation. Then, the averaged waveform containing 40 isolated pulses was cut out and accumulated so that all the isolated pulses were aligned with a fixed transition point. The standard deviation, normalized to the pulse amplitude, was calculated for the cumulative waveform. A result of the time domain measurement is depicted in fig. 1. A clear noise peak at the transition point was observed, which indicated that transition noise was dominant rather than uniformly additive noise. A positive correlation between the rise-edge and the falliug-edge of the readback pulses was also clarified, as shown in fig. 2, which showed that the transition noise wasn’t caused by a variation of pulse width or pulse amplitude, but position jitter. Direct examination of the magnetic transitions using a MFM, Magnetic Force Microscope, showed microscopic cross-track fluctuations of the magnetic transition. The fluctuated transition lines corresponded to boundaries running through magnetic ‘clusters’ whose sizes were around 80 nm [2]. This fact suggested that the noisc originated from the magnetic ‘clusters’. Noise Estimation usins Voronoi Cell Modeling Assuming that several neighboring crystallographic grains of the medium were magnetically connected together and switched in unison, we established il noise model using Voronoi cells; each cell represented the connected gains which are referred to as a ‘cluster’. We calculated transition jitter and root-mean-squared (RMS) noise voltage: a generated assembly of Voronoi cells was sliced into microtracks and the Lorentzian pulse responses for each microtracks were superposed. The calculated standard deviation of the simulated transition noise on time axis is shown in fig. 3. The results were in good quantitative agreement with the experimental result
Axisymmetric solutions of the pressure-gradient system

A family of self-similar and global bounded weak solutions are constructed rigorously for all positive time to the two-dimensional pressure-gradient system in this paper. By using the axisymmetric and self-similar assumptions, the equations are reduced to a system of ordinary differential equations, from which we obtain detailed structures of solutions as well as their existence. On this basis, we explore the behavior of characteristics near the sonic boundary.
Algorithmic management and collective bargaining

This article addresses the challenges raised by the introduction of algorithmic management and artificial intelligence in the world of work, focusing on the risks that new managerial technologies present for fundamental rights and principles, such as non-discrimination, freedom of association and the right to privacy. The article argues that collective bargaining is the most suitable regulatory instrument for responding to these challenges, and that current EU legislative initiatives do not adequately recognise the role of collective bargaining in this area. It also maps current initiatives undertaken by national trade union movements in Europe to govern algorithmic management.
Elastography based on mechanical and image energy minimization

Ultrasound elastography (UE) is a promising imaging modality [1]. In vascular applications it uses ultrasound images of arteries in motion to assess their mechanical parameters and stress distributions in physiological or interventional loading conditions [2]. However some simplifying assumptions adopted classically in UE image processing methods restrict this modality to strain imaging. This work presents a new UE image processing method based on differential optical flow. The method constrains the solution of the optical flow problem to minimize a mechanical potential energy. In other words, from all possible solutions of the optical flow problem, it determines the one that minimizes strain energy density of the tissue. In addition, in order to estimate concurrently the stiffness parameter of the tissue with its optical flow (or apparent displacement field); we constrain them to verify the tissue mechanical equilibrium equations. In principle, with this approach we can assess the strain field and map the stiffness parameter for an elastic tissue. Finally our approach also allows us to estimate mechanical parameters of strained phantoms, from their RF or B-mode ultrasound images, considering not only the usual linear elastic mechanical law but also hyperelastic ones.
THE PROFILE OF A STAR IMAGE

THE PROFILE OF A STAR IMAGE IVAN R. KING Berkeley Astronomy Department, University of California Received 25 January 1971 Various data are assembled to construct the profile of a star image, from its central peak out to a radius of six degrees. The profile has a central core, an exponential drop, and an extended inverse-square aureole. The origin of its shape is not well understood. Key word: star image profile
Joint Service Quality Control and Resource Allocation for Service Reliability Maximization in Edge Computing

Edge computing is a commonly used paradigm for providing low-latency computation services by locally deploying computation and storage resources close to the user equipments (UEs). Since the computation resource demand of the offloaded tasks of a UE is naturally a random variable, it is possible that the real-time computation capacity demand of a resource-limited hosting virtual machine (VM) or edge computing server (ECS) is larger than its computation capacity, causing unexpected delay or delay-jitter to the services, which should be avoided if possible, for delay-sensitive applications. We consider an edge computing scenario wherein the transmission links are unmanageable and computation resource demands of VM servers are stochastic. We propose a novel Logistic function-based service reliability probability (SRP) estimation model without specifying the distributions of the resource demands. We study the average SRP maximization problem (ASRPMP) in a VM-based edge computing server (ECS) by jointly optimizing the service quality ratios (SQRs) and the computation resource allocations, and we propose an alternative optimization algorithm (AOA) by decomposing the problem into a resource allocation problem (RAP) and a service quality control problem (SQCP). Based on the derived analytical solutions of the two subproblems, we propose an effective and low-complexity heuristic AOA (HAOA) to solve the ASRPMP. The simulation results obtained from both synthetic Gaussian workload data and PlanetLab trace data demonstrate that, given the same target SQR or computation resource, the proposed method can achieve similar performance compared with the convex AOA (CAOA) method with much higher complexity, and can improve the reliability of the services compared with the baseline weighted allocation method (WAM) in both high and low SRP regimes.
Attorneys awareness of forensic science: A survey conducted in Lebanon

The relative association between the forensic science and the law is increasingly under spot. Since forensics is the application of science in order to serve the law, many forensic evidence types are widely used in the criminal justice system such as DNA, toxicology, GSR, fingerprint, firearm. To assure a better implementation of forensic investigation procedures, the attorneys awareness of forensic science is crucially required. Moreover, an increased concern about the attorneys knowledge and perception regarding forensic based investigations should be addressed. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the level of awareness among Lebanese attorney community by assessing their views and needs regarding forensics. A cross sectional study was conducted over 60 Lebanese lawyers from both genders residing in the five Lebanese governorates. The survey based questionnaire was well designed and carried on from May 2022 to October 2022 with 83% as responsive rate. The participants characteristics were under study as well as their views and needs statements in the purpose of investigating their relative association through the independent t-test. According to the results, this study revealed that the majority of the participants were unaware of the forensic science notions. As for the participants features, the results showed that there is a significant difference of technology advances awareness among participants that underwent past trainings and those who did not. Nevertheless, there is no significant difference in the participants intention to participate in future trainings among participants that underwent past trainings and those who did not. This research findings illustrated that 85% of the volunteers were willing to participate in future trainings. In addition, this study showed that the DNA evidence was picked as the preferred topic to be covered in upcoming trainings. This is due mainly to its high reliability and accuracy. Although this survey identified that the Lebanese lawyers that accomplished past trainings were more aware of some forensics concepts, yet a larger sample size is needed. Thus, it is very early to decisively predict the level of forensics awareness among the Lebanese attorney community. By conclusion, trainings aimed to increase the attorneys awareness regarding the importance of forensics are necessary to reduce the gaps in their personal views and fulfill their needs in future trainings. Keywords: Attorneys awareness, Forensics, Lebanon, Needs, Views.
Edge states of α-bismuthene nanostructures

We present a systematic investigation of the edge states (ESs) of two-dimensional α-bismuthene (α-Bi) structures self-assembled on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite substrates, using scanning tunnelling microscopy and scanning tunnelling spectroscopy. The measurements are carried out for 3ML, 5ML and 7ML thick Bi structures. Our spectroscopy studies reveal clear features at the edges of the 5ML and 7ML thick structures, and the positions of the ESs coincide with the topographical step edges. In contrast, in 3ML structures the ESs appear to be absent and instead new states are sometimes observed, far from the topographical edge. These states are associated with a moiré pattern and result from strain-induced modulation of the topology. Our observations demonstrate the impact on the ESs of coupling to adjacent structures.
Light scattering of nanocrystalline TiO2 film used in dye-sensitized solar cells

This paper studies the light scattering and adsorption of nanocrystalline TiO2 porous films used in dye-sensitized solar cells composed of anatase and/or rutile particles by using an optical four-flux radiative transfer model. These light properties are difficult to measure directly on the functioning solar cells and they can not be calculated easily from the first-principle computational or quantitative theoretical evaluations. These simulation results indicate that the light scattering of 1–25 nm TiO2 particles is negligible, but it is effective in the range of 80 and 180 nm. A suitable mixture of small particles (10 nm radius), which are resulted in a large effective surface, and of larger particles (150 nm radius), which are effective light scatterers, have the potential to enhance solar absorption significantly. The rutile crystals have a larger refractive index and thus the light harvest of the mixtures of such larger rutile and relatively small anatase particles is improved in comparison with that of pure anatase films. The light absorption of the 10 μm double-layered films is also examined. A maximal light absorption of double-layered film is gotten when the thickness of the first layer of 10 nm-sized anatase particles is comparable to that of the second larger rutile layer.
On the Effect of Electric Charges on the Scavenging of Aerosol Particles by Clouds and Small Raindrops

Abstract A theoretical model is described which determines the efficiency E with which aerosol particles of radius r are collected by water drops of radius a due to the combined action of Brownian diffusion, thermo- and diffusiophoresis and electric forces, in the absence of inertial impaction effects. The results of this model are combined with the results of our earlier model which determines the collection efficiency of drops for particles due to the combined action of inertial impaction, thermo- and diffusiophoresis and electric forces, in the absence of effects due to Brownian diffusion. Both models combined quantitatively determine the variation of E vs r for 0.001≤r≤10 μm, and 42≤a≤310 μm, for relative humidities up to and including 100%, and for electric charges on drops and aerosol particles ranging in magnitude up to that found under thunder-storm conditions. In particular, a combination of both models allows a quantitative description of the particle size range where the collection efficiency o.
Formation and distortion of optical rings around rich cluster galaxies

Qualitative and semiquantitative methods of analyzing optical rings around cluster galaxies are presented. The formation and shape of rings formed by a combined galaxy-cluster potential is examined, and the probability for the formation of optical rings is discussed. How the distortion or the ring, or its absence, can be used to probe the distribution of the cluster dark matter and to limit the presence of large galactic size dark masses near the ring is addressed. Other image geometries which can arise due to the presence of a second galaxy are examined. The limitation of these simple methods are discussed and some more sophisticated approaches are outlined. 27 refs.
Lasing characteristics of a Limaçon-shaped microcavity laser

We investigate lasing characteristics of a Limacon-shaped InGaAsP semiconductor microcavity laser. When the cavity is pumped with dc current, the laser generates directional emissions. Near the threshold a series of modes with equidistantly spaced resonant frequencies emit. From the mode spacing we confirm the emission of whispering gallery-type resonance modes. As the injection current increases, a single resonance mode becomes dominant with directional emission. The quality factor of the single mode is obtained near the threshold, which is larger than 22 000.
Photorealistic image synthesis and camera validation from 2D images

This paper presents a new 3D scene reconstruction technique using the Unity 3D game engine. The method presented here allow us to reconstruct the shape of simple objects and more complex ones from multiple 2D images, including infrared and digital images from indoor scenes and only digital images from outdoor scenes and then add the reconstructed object to the simulated scene created in Unity 3D, these scenes are then validated with real world scenes. The method used different cameras settings and explores different properties in the reconstructions of the scenes including light, color, texture, shapes and different views. To achieve the highest possible resolution, it was necessary the extraction of partial textures from visible surfaces. To recover the 3D shapes and the depth of simple objects that can be represented by the geometric bodies, there geometric characteristics were used. To estimate the depth of more complex objects the triangulation method was used, for this the intrinsic and extrinsic parameters were calculated using geometric camera calibration. To implement the methods mentioned above the Matlab tool was used. The technique presented here also let’s us to simulate small simple videos, by reconstructing a sequence of multiple scenes of the video separated by small margins of time. To measure the quality of the reconstructed images and video scenes the Fast Low Band Model (FLBM) metric from the Video Quality Measurement (VQM) software was used. Low bandwidth perception based features include edges and motion.
Prognostic Significance of Hemoglobin/Prognostic Nutritional Index and Hemoglobin/Red Blood Cell Distribution in Rectal Cancer

Background: We aimed to investigate the effect of hemoglobin/prognostic nutritional index and hemoglobin/red blood cell distribution, which are indicators of inflammation and nutrition, on prognosis and survival in patients with rectal cancer. Methods: The retrospective study reviewed medical records of 138 patients with rectal cancer who were followed up between 2010 and 2021. The effects of hemoglobin/red blood cell distribution, hemoglobin/prognostic nutritional index, tumor stage, and lymph node status on survival and prognosis were evaluated using univariate and multivariate analyses. Overall survival and disease-free survival were calculated for both groups. Results: Survival and prognosis were found to be significantly better in nonanemic patients with the hemoglobin/prognostic nutritional index higher than the cut-off value than in anemic patients with a normal or lower hemoglobin/prognostic nutritional index. Similarly, survival and prognosis were found to be significantly better in nonanemic patients with a hemoglobin/red blood cell distribution higher than the cut-off value than in anemic patients with a normal or lower hemoglobin/red blood cell distribution. Conclusion: The results indicated that nutrition and inflammatory markers have independent prognostic significance in rectal cancer. These markers are simple, inexpensive, and useful biomarkers commonly used in clinical practice, and they were found to predict overall survival and disease-free survival independently.
Impact of periodontitis on gingival crevicular fluid miRNAs profiles associated with cardiovascular disease risk.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Recent emerging evidence has shown that microRNA (miRNAs) is involved in several epigenetic processes linked with periodontitis, increased oxidative stress and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The present study aimed to assess the impact of periodontitis on gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) miRNAs expression associated with CVD risk and to evaluate possible confounders that influenced this association. MATERIALS AND METHODS For the present study, healthy controls (n = 28) and subjects with CVD (n = 28), periodontitis (n = 30) and periodontitis + CVD (n = 29) were enrolled. All subjects underwent regular periodontal examinations and blood sampling. In addition, GCF sampling was performed, and miRNAs 7a-5p, 21-3p, 21-5p, 100-5p, 125-5p, 200b-3p, and 200b-5p expression was analyzed using a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS The results showed that periodontitis and periodontitis + CVD subjects presented significantly different GCF miRNAs expression compared to healthy controls and CVD subjects. More specifically, compared to healthy controls and CVD, subjects with periodontitis and periodontitis + CVD showed higher GCF miRNA 7a-5p, miRNA 21-3p, miRNA 21-5p, miRNA 200b-3p, and miRNA 200b-5p (p < .05) and lower miRNA 100-5p, miRNA 125-5p levels (p < .05). Furthermore, the multivariate regression analysis evidenced that periodontitis (miRNA 21-3p, 100-5p) and periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) (miRNA 7a-5p, 21-3p, 21-5p, 100-5p, 125-5p, 200b-3p) were significant predictors of GCF miRNAs concentration (p < .05). CONCLUSION The results of the study highlighted that the periodontitis and periodontitis + CVD group showed higher GCF miRNAs expression than healthy controls and CVD subjects. Furthermore, periodontitis and its extent (PISA) were revealed as significant predictors of GCF miRNAs associated with CVD risk.
L band wind profiler observations of convective boundary layer over Gadanki, India (13.5°N, 79.2°E)

Results from a convection campaign, which was carried out during May–August 1999 using VHF/L band wind profiler, optical rain gauge, and radiosonde flights at National MST Radar Facility, Gadanki (13.5°N, 79.2°E), are discussed. During this period, L band wind profiler observations have been made for a total of 110 days, and radiosonde observations have been made during 19 July to 14 August 1999. L band wind profiler–derived refractive index structure constant profiles have been used to estimate the convective boundary layer (CBL) height and are compared with radiosonde observations. Comparison has shown a good agreement with a regression coefficient of 0.84 between these two independent measurements. Radiosonde observations are also used to estimate the level of free convection, which are used for studying the triggering of convection. An attempt has been made to study the evolution of the CBL in dry convection (nonprecipitating) and precipitation days. Precipitation days comprise both premonsoon and monsoon seasons. In the present study, premonsoon days are defined as the dry to wet transition period and monsoon days as the early monsoon period. The intriguing result from these studies is the distinguishable CBL evolution observed in the preconvective environments of premonsoon and monsoon periods. These observations provide evidence for the use of wind profilers to closely monitor the onset of convective instability. Furthermore, observations of the boundary layer at various geographical locations using multiplatform instruments are sought to strengthen the results depicted here. However, the results discussed here nevertheless prove the potential of the L band wind profiler as an important tool for operational meteorology and provide new insights on the usage of wind profiler observations.
Pulsed currents carried by whistlers. II. Excitation by biased electrodes

The transport of time‐dependent current between electrodes in contact with a large laboratory magnetoplasma is examined experimentally. Single electrodes biased with respect to the chamber wall or pairs of electrically floating electrodes are used to produce pulsed currents (ωci≪2π/Δt≪ωce). The associated magnetic field vector, B(r,t), is measured in space and time, and the total current density is calculated from J(r,t)=∇×B(r,t)/μ0. The current front is found to propagate at a characteristic wave speed, which does not depend on current amplitude or polarity. The transient current spreads across B0 within a conical region, which depends on source geometry and plasma parameters. It is shown by Fourier transforming B(r,t) into B(k,ω) that the transient fields consist of a spectrum of oblique low‐frequency whistler waves. In Fourier space, the inductive and space charge electric fields are calculated from Faraday’s law and the assumption that Etot=Eind+Esc along B0 is negligible. Inverse transforming yields .