Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Alternaria Solani Isolates Causing Tomato Early Blight in Kenya

Early blight (EB) caused by Alternaria solani is among the most devastating tomato diseases in Kenya. In this study, we collected 96 A. solani isolates from three counties in Kenya and characterized them using cultural features, conidial morphology, and genetic variation based on the 18S rRNA gene. Most colonies (45%) were greenish-white in colour with diameter ranging between 65.5-85 mm. Most colonies had concentric zonation (63%) and margins were mostly regular (53%). Conidia was ellipsoidal in most isolates (54%) with lengths ranging between 16.72-20.48 µm. Conidial septa ranged from 2-5 (transverse), 1-3 (longitudinal) and 1-4 (beak septa). Analysis of variance indicated that cultural features and conidial parameters only differed significantly by isolate and not by county of origin. Similarly, the UPGMA dendrogram based on the 18S rRNA gene provided no evidence of geographical clustering of isolates. This has been the first study to characterize A. solani isolates from Kenya. Our results indicate that there is a high level of heterogeneity among Kenya’s A. solani populations which will have implications for EB management in the country.
Endoskopická léčba časného kolorektálního karcinomu

Časné kolorektální neoplazie jsou lokalizované prekancerózní léze tlustého střeva se zanedbatelným rizikem lymfatické nebo systémové diseminace. Mezi časné neoplazie patří adenomy s lehkou a těžkou dysplazií, intramukózní adenokarcinom a adenokarcinom s invazí do povrchové části submukózy bez jiných rizikových histologických známek. Časné neoplazie jsou v drtivé většině případů detekovány koloskopicky a metodou volby v jejich léčbě je endoskopická resekce, která z velké části nahradila resekci chirurgickou. Během diagnostické koloskopie jsou užívány morfologické klasifikace umožňující odhad rizika přítomnosti invazivního karcinomu a volbu správné resekční techniky. V běžné klinické praxi je užívána endoskopická polypektomie a endoskopická slizniční resekce (EMR), v terciárních endoskopických centrech endoskopická submukózní disekce (ESD) a endoskopická transmurální resekce (FTR). Finálním arbitrem úspěšnosti léčby je histologické vyšetření resekátu, v některých případech může být indikována následná chirurgická resekce s lymfadenektomií. Vzhledem k riziku lokální recidivy a metachronních lézí je nutná následná dispenzarizace nemocných. Klíčová slova: kolorektální karcinom, koloskopie, endoskopická polypektomie, endoskopická slizniční resekce, endoskopická submukózní disekce, endoskopická transmurální resekce.
Radio properties of H2O maser host galaxies

The 6 cm and 20 cm radio continuum properties of all 85 galaxies with reported 22 GHz H2O maser emission and luminosity distance D > 0.5 Mpc are studied. For the total of 55 targets for which both 6 cm and 20 cm measurements exist and for the subsample of 42 sources with masers related to active galactic nuclei (AGN), a spectral index could be determined from an assumed power-law dependence. The mean value of the resulting spectral index is in both cases 0.66+-0.07. Comparing radio properties of the maser galaxies with a sample of Seyferts without detected H2O maser, we find that (1) the spectral indices agree within the error limits, and (2) maser host galaxies have higher nuclear radio continuum luminosities, exceeding those of the comparison sample by factors of order 5. Only considering the subsample of galaxies with masers associated with AGN, there seems to be a trend toward rising maser luminosity with nuclear radio luminosity (both at 6 cm and 20 cm). However, when accounting for the Malmquist effect, the correlation weakens to a level, which is barely significant. Overall, the study indicates that nuclear radio luminosity is a suitable indicator to guide future AGN maser searches and to enhance detection rates, which are otherwise quite low (<10%).
Novel Void Embedded Design for Total Ionizing Dose Hardening of Silicon-on-Insulator MOSFET

A novel methodology for total ionizing dose (TID) hardening of Silicon-on-insulator (SOI) MOSFET is demonstrated by employing a superior type of void embedded SOI (VESOI) substrate. With the successful removal of most of the radiation sensitive area in buried oxide, the TID tolerance of VESOI MOSFET is significantly enhanced in comparison to its conventional SOI counterpart. In particular, the shift of threshold voltage ( ${V}_{\text {th}}$ ) and subthreshold swing is only −38.9mV and 11.6mV/dec at radiation doses up to 2Mrad(Si). Further device simulation shows that the radiation immunity can withstand misalignment between the gate and embedded void in a wide range. Our VESOI substrates, offering both high compatibility with planar CMOS process and versatile void embedded device design, exhibit great potential in the development of anti-radiation SOI devices.
ON THE IMPACT OF THREE DIMENSIONS IN SIMULATIONS OF NEUTRINO-DRIVEN CORE-COLLAPSE SUPERNOVA EXPLOSIONS

We present one-dimensional (1D), two-dimensional (2D), and three-dimensional (3D) hydrodynamical simulations of core-collapse supernovae including a parameterized neutrino heating and cooling scheme in order to investigate the critical core neutrino luminosity (Lcrit) required for explosion. In contrast to some previous works, we find that 3D simulations explode later than 2D simulations, and that Lcrit at fixed mass accretion rate is somewhat higher in three dimensions than in two dimensions. We find, however, that in two dimensions Lcrit increases as the numerical resolution of the simulation increases. In contrast to some previous works, we argue that the average entropy of the gain region is in fact not a good indicator of explosion but is rather a reflection of the greater mass in the gain region in two dimensions. We compare our simulations to semi-analytic explosion criteria and examine the nature of the convective motions in two dimensions and three dimensions. We discuss the balance between neutrino-driven buoyancy and drag forces. In particular, we show that the drag force will be proportional to a buoyant plume's surface area while the buoyant force is proportional to a plume's volume and, therefore, plumes with greater volume-to-surface-area ratios will rise more quickly. We show that buoyant plumes in two dimensions are inherently larger, with greater volume-to-surface-area ratios, than plumes in three dimensions. In the scenario that the supernova shock expansion is dominated by neutrino-driven buoyancy, this balance between buoyancy and drag forces may explain why 3D simulations explode later than 2D simulations and why Lcrit increases with resolution. Finally, we provide a comparison of our results with other calculations in the literature.
Research on reliable transmission strategy of WSN with adjustable cache location

In order to ensure that the sink node receives the data sensed by the sensor node according to the reliability requirements expected by the observer, designing a reliable transmission protocol with low power consumption is the primary problem to be solved in data acquisition of WSN. The limited energy of sensor nodes makes it necessary to find a good compromise between reliable transmission and high energy consumption. The protocol proposed in this paper gives good consideration to both reliable data transmission and energy consumption. Simulation experiments and theoretical analysis show that the energy consumption of this protocol is much less than that of HHRA protocol under the same reliability.
The global warming of group satellite galaxies

Recent studies adopting $\lambda_{\rm Re}$, a proxy for specific angular momentum, have highlighted how early-type galaxies (ETGs) are composed of two kinematic classes for which distinct formation mechanisms can be inferred. With upcoming surveys expected to obtain $\lambda_{\rm Re}$ from a broad range of environments (e.g. SAMI, MaNGA), we investigate in this numerical study how the $\lambda_{\rm Re}$-$\epsilon_{\rm e}$ distribution of fast-rotating dwarf satellite galaxies reflects their evolutionary state. By combining N-body/SPH simulations of progenitor disc galaxies (stellar mass $\simeq$10$^{\rm 9}$ M$_{\odot}$), their cosmologically-motivated sub-halo infall history and a characteristic group orbit/potential, we demonstrate the evolution of a satellite ETG population driven by tidal interactions (e.g. harassment). As a general result, these satellites remain intrinsically fast-rotating oblate stellar systems since their infall as early as $z=2$; mis-identifications as slow rotators often arise due to a bar/spiral lifecycle which plays an integral role in their evolution. Despite the idealistic nature of its construction, our mock $\lambda_{\rm Re}$-$\epsilon_{\rm e}$ distribution at $z<0.1$ reproduces its observational counterpart from the ATLAS$^{\rm 3D}$/SAURON projects. We predict therefore how the observed $\lambda_{\rm Re}$-$\epsilon_{\rm e}$ distribution of a group evolves according to these ensemble tidal interactions.
Nature of Roberge-Weiss transition end points for heavy quarks in $N_f=2$ lattice QCD with Wilson fermions

The phase structure of QCD with imaginary chemical potential provides information on the phase diagram of QCD with real chemical potential. With imaginary chemical potential $i\mu_I=i\pi T$, previous studies show that the Roberge-Weiss (RW) transition end points are triple points at both large and small quark masses, and second order transition points at intermediate quark masses. The triple and second order end points are separated by two tricritical ones. We present simulations with $ N_f=2 $ Wilson fermions to investigate the nature of RW transition end points. The simulations are carried out at 8 values of the hopping parameter $\kappa$ ranging from 0.020 to 0.140 on different lattice volumes. The Binder cumulant, susceptibility and reweighted distribution of the imaginary part of Polyakov loop are employed to determine the nature of RW transition end points. The simulations show that the two tricritical points are within the range $0.070-0.080$ and $0.120-0.140$, respectively.
On the eclipsing binary ELHC 10 with occulting dark disc in the Large Magellanic Cloud

We investigate the luminous star ELHC 10 located in the bar of the Large Magellanic Cloud, concluding that it is a SB1 long-period eclipsing binary where the main eclipse is produced by an opaque structure hiding the secondary star. For the more luminous component we determine an e ective temperature of 6500 250 K, log g = 1.0 0.5 and luminosity 5970 L . From the radial velocities of their photospheric lines we calculate a mass function of 7.37 0.55 M . Besides Balmer and forbidden N ii emission, we find splitting of metallic lines, characterized by strong discrete absorption components (DACs), alternatively seen at the blue and red side of the photospheric spectrum. These observations hardly can be interpreted in terms of an structured atmosphere but might reflect mass streams in an interacting binary. The primary shows signatures of s-process nucleosynthesis and might be a low-mass post-AGB star with a rare evolutionary past if the binary is semi-detached. The peak separation and constancy of radial velocity in H suggest that most of the Balmer emission comes from a circumbinary disc.
Use of Holo-Hilbert spectral analysis to reveal the amplitude modulation features of faulty rolling bearing signals

Time-frequency analysis (TFA) is a powerful tool for vibration signal analysis. However, it cannot comprehensively reflect the cross-scale coupling relationship between amplitude-modulated (AM) and frequency-modulated (FM) characteristics of the vibration signal collected from faulty rolling bearings. To address this shortcoming, the Holo-Hilbert spectral analysis (HHSA) method with combining the masking empirical mode decomposition (Masking-EMD) for signal separation is introduced to completely describe the internal modulation characteristics of faulty rolling bearing. In HHSA, first, the initial vibration signal of faulty rolling bearing is decomposed into numbers of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) to extract its time-varying FM and AM characteristics. Next, the instantaneous frequency and the instantaneous amplitude of each IMF are estimated, respectively. Then, each first-layer IMF is decomposed into a series of IMFs with AM characteristics via reusing Masking-EMD. Finally, the FM and AM components are combined with their instantaneous modulation energy to realize the three-dimensional Holo-Hilbert spectrum (HHS). The simulation and experiment results illustrate that the introduced method can completely reveal the AM characteristics of non-linear vibration signals and the corresponding carrier frequency range.
Theoretical Functions of the Proton and Electron Pair to Mental Disorder with Biophysics

We think the disease not only aging, or gets worse during the aging process like degenerative diseases. Alzheimer’s is a typical one, and there are many diseases not known the causes, or not clear. We must consider not only instrument like X-ray and CT scanning, but also causative agents and its mechanism with biophysics. Here we discuss schizophrenia, clinical depression, and Alzheimer’s. In the viewpoint, we focus on the receptor and neurotransmitter. We regard the amino acids are arginine, dopamine, serotonin, and Gaba as the neurotransmitter and the cause. Furthermore, we propose the treatment of the disease from chemical bonding strength of the substances. The method is to use the water which can reduce the state of neurotransmitter and receptor with the pair of proton and electron in the hydrogen bond dissociated water.
The First Light of Mini-MegaTORTORA Wide-Field Monitoring System

Abstract We describe the first light of a new 9-channel wide-field optical monitoring system with sub-second temporal resolution, Mini-MegaTORTORA, which is being tested now at the Special Astrophysical Observatory in Russian Caucasus. The system is able to observe the sky simultaneously in either wide (~900 deg2) or narrow (~100 deg2) fields of view, either in clear light or with any combination of color (Johnson B, V or R) and polarimetric filters installed, with exposure times ranging from 100 ms to 100 s. The primary goal of the system is the detection of rapid (with sub-second characteristic time scales) optical transients, but it may be also used for studying variability of sky objects over longer time scales.
On the scheme dependence of gravitational beta functions

We discuss the arbitrariness in the choice of cutoff scheme in calculations of beta functions. We define a class of "pure" cutoff schemes, in which the cutoff is completely independent of the parameters that appear in the action. In a sense they are at the opposite extreme of the "spectrally adjusted" cutoffs, which depend on all the parameters that appear in the action. We compare the results for the beta functions of Newton's constant and of the cosmological constant obtained with a typical cutoff and with a pure cutoff, keeping all else fixed. We find that the dependence of the fixed point on an arbitrary parameter in the pure cutoff is rather mild. We then show in general that if a spectrally adjusted cutoff produces a fixed point, there is a corresponding pure cutoff that will give a fixed point in the same position.
Screening of Latent Pulmonary Tuberculosis infection in Kurdistan regional-Iraq using QuantiFERON-TB gold plus technique

Background and Objective: Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is a serious disease that mainly affects the lungs. The aim of this study was a screening of latent pulmonary tuberculosis (LTBI) in Kurdistan Regional-Iraq, using QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus technique (QFT-Plus). Methodology: The study analyzed 24close contact persons (11 male and 13 female) their ages ranged from 16 to 66 years. Interferon-gamma had been measured by sandwich ELISA. Results: Our result showed diagnosis of (3\24) contacts Infected with LTBI, (1\24) contact intermediate and (20\24) normal individual persons by QFT-Plus technique. Conclusion: Our study recommends screening for LTBI in populations at increased risk (close contacts persons with active pulmonary tuberculosis patients) and QFT-Plus is important test for diagnosis of PTBI.
Mott insulators in plaquettes

We study small systems of Mott insulating ultracold atoms under the influence of gauge potentials and spin-orbit couplings. We use second order perturbation theory in tunneling, derive an effective theory for the Mott insulators with one atom per site, and solve it exactly. We find dramatic changes in the level structure and in the amount of degeneracies expected. We also demonstrate the dynamical behavior as the barriers between plaquettes are gradually removed and find potentially high overlap with the resonating valence bond (RVB) state of the larger system.
Self-attention on RNN-based text classification

Nowadays, many researchers claim that the self-attention mechanism generates a better performance regardless of circumstances. Having doubted such opinion, we examine different models with scalar dot-product self-attention mechanisms under various experimental settings to develop a comprehensive understanding of such technique. In conclusion, we have verified that the performance of the attention mechanism grows as the dataset input increases in size. In addition, we have observed that our attention layer can impact the model’s performance negatively on small datasets. Moreover, we demonstrate that the attention mechanism is model-dependent: opposite effects may be obtained on the same dataset with different model.
Social Support Influences Preference for Feminine Facial Cues in Potential Social Partners: A Replication

Attractive facial cues are preferred by most but, interestingly, people tend to find certain facial features more attractive depending on the context. This replication of Watkins and colleagues (2012) investigates how priming different social support conditions influences preferences for feminized or masculinized faces. In this study, 124 participants were recruited to complete an online survey where they were asked to imagine a time they felt socially isolated (low support condition) or a time they felt emotionally supported (high support condition). Participants were then shown 20 pairs of masculinized and feminized versions of the same face and were asked to rate attractiveness. Overall, feminine female faces and masculine male faces were significantly preferred. We did not replicate the finding that femininity is preferred under conditions of low social support. Future research is needed to make conclusions about how perceived social support influences our perception of faces.
NURSING STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION ON CLINICAL TEACHING AND LEARNING AT KENYA METHODIST UNIVERSITY, KENYA

Purpose: To explore RN-BSN students’ perception on clinical placements, mentorship and supervision in clinical teaching and learning. Methodology: The study adopted a descriptive cross-sectional survey design among RN-BSN students studying at Kenya Methodist University. The sample size was determined by Fisher et al., formula and the participants were selected through simple random sampling, those who met the eligibility criteria were included in the study. Data was collected through a self-administered questionnaire and data was analysed by use of SPSS version 26, where descriptive data was presented by the use of tables and figures. Findings: This study revealed that 61.7% of the students were satisfied with the clinical placements as it provided a positive learning environment, while 84% reported they had the opportunity to transfer theory into practice. In addition, 59.1% were satisfied with the hands-on experience they had in the clinical area however, 58.3% were dissatisfied with the use of Evidence-based practice and 54.8% were dissatisfied with the involvement of lecturers in clinical training. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: This study tested the Kolb Experiential model where for learning to take place the students need to go through concrete experience, reflective observation, abstract conceptualization and active experimentation. This study is in support of this model that for effective learning to take place the student has to undergo all the learning cycle. In policy, this study recommends the need to equip health facilities and employ more nurses in the hospitals who will also act as mentors to students and improve these facilities into teaching and referral centres. In practice, hospitals should identify clinical mentors who will oversee the implementation of Evidence-Based Practice and critical thinking into the nursing practice, while, institutions should employ more clinical instructors, and identify clinical mentors and preceptors in the clinical learning environments.
Direct evidence for electron hole depletion in La0.5Sr0.5FeO3-d upon B-site cation doping

Partial substitution of Fe by Ta in the hole-doped La 0.5 Sr 0.5 FeO 3 decreases the electric conductivity by up to three orders of magnitude. This decrease is in immediate correlation with a decrease of the electron hole concentration and a shift of the spectral weight within the O(1s)-Fe(3d) mixed states from e g bands near the Fermi energy to t 2g bands. Corresponding differences in the Fe(2p) and O(1s) X-ray absorption spectra reveals formation of states with increased covalency in the initial state and states which contain O(2p) character, and that hole states are responsible for transport changes in the material. The intensity ratio of e g and t 2g bands appears to be a spectral indicator for hole formation.
Unified description of the dc conductivity of monolayer and bilayer graphene at finite densities based on resonant scatterers

A.F. acknowledges FCT Grant No. SFRH/BPD/65600/2009. E.R. M. acknowledges partial financial support by NSF Grant No. DMR 1006230. A.H. C.N. acknowledges Grant No. DE-FG02-08ER46512. Discussions with A. K. Geim are acknowledged.
Conceitos e temas relacionados à saúde do adolescente na formação em enfermagem

Resumo Objetivo: analisar a estrutura dos programas de ensino e os conteúdos do componente Saúde e Desenvolvimento do Adolescente na formação dos estudantes de enfermagem. Método: estudo observacional descritivo, realizado na Colômbia, Equador e Peru. Aplicou-se o Instrumento de (auto)avaliação do componente Saúde e Desenvolvimento do Adolescente na graduação de profissionais de saúde. Utilizou-se estatística descritiva. Resultados: 95 Escolas de Enfermagem participaram (84,1% do total). Dos professores responsáveis pelo ensino da saúde dos adolescentes, 31,6% não tinham formação específica na matéria e 18,9% não tinham formação no campo da educação/pedagogia. Estes são os principais tópicos que poderiam ser incorporados à formação: comportamento, identidade de gênero e orientação sexual, bullying e cyberbullying, uso de tecnologias digitais, violência entre parceiros, paternidade adolescente e puberdade tardia. Conclusão: os professores têm formação limitada em questões pedagógicas/educacionais e em temas específicos da saúde dos adolescentes. O currículo precisa ser atualizado com conteúdos relacionados a saúde e desenvolvimento dos adolescentes; deve-se incluir conhecimento de leis e políticas e expandir a capacidade dos profissionais de enfermagem para que possam gerar, analisar e utilizar dados para a tomada de decisões.