Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Algorithm Selection across Algorithm Configurators A Case Study on Multi-objective Optimization

The present work utilizes Algorithm Selection for automatically specifying the parameter tuning method for a given tuning task. The idea of parameter tuning is motivated by the premature algorithm designs and their sub-optimal or poor parameter value choices. The decisions both on the designs and the parameter values are largely given based on the experiences of the developers or the target problem domain experts after a limited number of trials. While the existing tuning approaches tend to offer improvements over the default parameter values for varying algorithms, they can be computationally expensive. Additionally, there is no a single, ultimate parameter tuning strategy. These facts suggest to choose the most effective tuning algorithm for a specific scenario. This study utilizes an existing Algorithm Selection system to address this problem. The idea is to allocate potentially the most effective tuning method for a given task instead of relying on a single tuner. On that note, a group of well-known parameter configuration approaches are accommodated as the candidate methods to tune NSGA-II for solving a suite of multi-objective optimization benchmarks, refer-encing a recent article. The computational analysis revealed that Algorithm Selection outperforms those constituent parameter tuning methods when each is used as a standalone manner. Additionally, the dis/-similarity analysis carried on the problem instances / benchmarks give hints on the diversity level of the benchmarks. Furthermore, a similar inspection reported on the parameter tuning procedures show the behavioural resemblance between them.
Half-Mode Air-Filled Substrate Integrated Waveguide Self-diplexing Antenna for 5G Application

A novel and high-performance design of a halfmode air-filled substrate-integrated waveguide (AFSIW)-based self-diplexing antenna is presented in this letter. This antenna is fed by two individual microstrip feed lines lying face to face. A group of seven transverse slots radiates at two resonant frequencies, which are etched on the bottom surface of the top substrate. Its self-diplexing characteristic is proved with a maximum isolation of -45dB between two ports. This antenna achieves a gain of 4.2 and 3.1 dBi at 27.78 and 29.29 GHz respectively. Independent frequency tunability of this antenna is exhibited at both of the operating bands.
Influence of Hydrogen Addition on Flow Structure in Confined Swirling Methane Flame

The flowfield of a lean premixed swirl-stabilized burner simulating typical features of land-based gas-turbine combustors was investigated using particle-image velocimetry. Fuel and air were premixed upstream and burned at atmospheric pressure in a quartz-tube combustor operated at a theoretical swirl number of 1.5. Instantaneous-velocity-field measurements were obtained for a nonreacting flow, a methane flame, and a hydrogen-enriched methane flame. Flow measurements were used to obtain two-dimensional vorticity and normal-strain, turbulent-kinetic-energy, and kinetic-energy-dissipation-rate fields. Results show that the average- and instantaneous-velocity fields were affected by the addition of hydrogen to methane. The instantaneous-velocity fields showed smaller eddies that were not present in the time-averaged fields. Higher values of turbulent kinetic energy were observed in the jet region of the methane flame, suggesting the unsteady nature of combustion. The instantaneous vorticity and normal strain were four to seven times higher than the averaged values, indicating the importance of smaller vortical structures to local flame-extinction phenomena.
Physical operation and device design of short-channel tunnel field-effect transistors with graded silicon-germanium heterojunctions

Using graded silicon-germanium heterojunctions, the green tunnel field-effect transistor (TFET) can be scaled down into sub-10 nm regimes without short-channel effects. This work elucidates numerically the physical operation and device design of extremely short-channel TFETs with graded silicon-germanium heterojunctions for future low-power and high-performance applications. Critical device factors, such as the drain profile and bandgap engineering, were examined to generate favorable characteristics in the on-current, on-off switching, and off-leakage of very short TFETs. A mildly doped drain with a pure Ge source is preferred in designing the graded TFETs to optimize a desirable green transistor for low-power integrated circuits.
Sonoluminescence and bubble dynamics for a single, stable, cavitation bubble

High‐amplitude radial pulsations of a single gas bubble in several glycerine and water mixtures have been observed in an acoustic stationary wave system at acoustic pressure amplitudes on the order of 150 kPa (1.5 atm) at 21–25 kHz. Sonoluminescence (SL), a phenomenon generally attributed to the high temperatures generated during the collapse of cavitation bubbles, was observed as short light pulses occurring once every acoustic period. These emissions can be seen to originate at the geometric center of the bubble when observed through a microscope. It was observed that the light emissions occurred simultaneously with the bubble collapse. Using a laser scattering technique, experimental radius‐time curves have been obtained which confirm the absence of surface waves, which are expected at pressure amplitudes above 100 kPa. [S. Horsburgh, Ph.D. dissertation, University of Mississippi (1990)]. Also from these radius‐time curves, measurements of the pulsation amplitude, the timing of the major bubble collaps.
Modifications to the Mellor-Yamada-Nakanishi-Niino (MYNN) model for the stable stratification case

To solve the problems of the Mellor-Yamada-Nakanishi-Niino (MYNN) model, we attempted to modify it by following the method proposed by Canuto et al. (2008) for the stable stratification case. In contrast to the original MYNN model, the modified model has no critical Richardson number, and the effect of turbulent motions remains for all Richardson number values in the level 2 model. Furthermore, the modified model possesses an advantage even for the level 2.5 and level 3 models. The flux Richardson number is unbounded, and a lower limit of the turbulent kinetic energy must be imposed in the original MYNN model; these features do not appear in the modified model.
Effects of Investment Experience on the Stock Investment Task: The Mediating Role of Risk Perception

Due to the limitations of traditional financial analysis and the non-specificity of laboratory-based gambling tasks, it is difficult for researchers to isolate the independent contributions of risk perception and initial investment experience on novice investors’ behaviors. Thus, it is still necessary for researchers to describe the process by which investment experience affects the investment behavior of novice investors by employing the methods of psychological experiments that can control and eliminate these confounding variables in the laboratory. The current study created a stock investment task based on the balloon analogy risk task to simulate the stock market in the laboratory. Two hundred and twenty Chinese college students were recruited as participants. Chain intermediary model analysis showed that initial investment experience influences a novice investor’s behavior through risk perception. In addition, risk perception displayed the characteristics of continuity, in which the initial risk perception would affect later risk perception. These results indicate that investment experience does influence investment behavior. Different early investment experiences have correspondingly significant effects on the novice investors’ investment behavior through their risk perception. The results also suggest that novice investors can partly correct the effects of their initial investment experience through continuous feedback from the stock market.
The Adaptive Wideband Beamforming using Convolutional Neural Network

The spatio-temporal wideband beamforming is an important technology for array antenna. In practical applications, beamforming performance is greatly affected by the snapshots which are used to obtain signal vectors. Convolutional neural network (CNN) is widely known for its characteristics of large-scale parallel processing and excellent self-organizing learning. In this paper, we propose a CNN to estimate the direction of interference quickly and accurately, and it can ulteriorly obtain deep nulls for wideband beamforming to suppress interference. Compared with the conventional spatio-temporal wideband beamforming algorithms, the proposed structure obtain a satisfactory performance with lower number of snapshots. Simulations emphasize the correctness and effectiveness of the novel method.
Controllable Preparation of Eucommia Wood-Derived Mesoporous Activated Carbon as Electrode Materials for Supercapacitors

Activated carbons (ACs) for supercapacitors were synthesized from Eucommia ulmoides Oliver (EUO) wood by H3PO4 with systemic activation processes. The target structure of ACs could be prepared by adjusting the technological parameters. As the H3PO4 concentration was 25%, the mass ratio of feedstocks to activator was 1:4, the activation time was 6 h, and the activation temperature was 400 °C, the obtained AC revealed a high specific surface area (2033.87 m2·g−1) and well-developed mesoporous (the rate of mesoporous was 96.4%) with the best economic feasibility. Besides, it possessed excellent electrochemical performance: the maximum specific capacitance reached up to 252 F·g−1, the charging and discharging period was 3098.2 s at 0.2 A·g−1, and the retention rate of specific capacitance reached 92.3% after 10,000 cycles. This low temperature and convenience technology provide a valuable reference for synthesizing the EUO-based ACs, making high-value utilization on the EUO branches, and owning a broad application prospect in supercapacitors.
Introduction to high energy physics

1. Introduction and Overview. 2. Particle Detectors and Accelerators. 3. Invariance Principles and Conservation Laws. 4. Hadron-Hadron Interactions. 5. Static Quark Model of Hadrons. 6. Electromagnetic Interactions. 7. Weak Interactions. 8. Quark-Quark Interactions: The Parton Model and QCD. 9. The Unification of Electroweak and Other Interactions. Appendices. Tables. Solutions to Problems. References. Index.
Application of Vibrational Spectroscopic Techniques in the Study of the Natural Polysaccharides and Their Cross-Linking Process

Polysaccharides are one of the most abundant natural polymers and their molecular structure influences many crucial characteristics—inter alia hydrophobicity, mechanical, and physicochemical properties. Vibrational spectroscopic techniques, such as infrared (IR) and Raman spectroscopies are excellent tools to study their arrangement during polymerization and cross-linking processes. This review paper summarizes the application of the above-mentioned analytical methods to track the structure of natural polysaccharides, such as cellulose, hemicellulose, glucan, starch, chitosan, dextran, and their derivatives, which affects their industrial and medical use.
Use of Finite Elements in the Training of a Neural Network for the Modeling of a Soft Robot

Soft bioinspired manipulators have a theoretically infinite number of degrees of freedom, providing considerable advantages. However, their control is very complex, making it challenging to model the elastic elements that define their structure. Finite elements (FEA) can provide a model with sufficient accuracy but are inadequate for real-time use. In this context, Machine Learning (ML) is postulated as an option, both for robot modeling and for its control, but it requires a very high number of experiments to train the model. A linked combination of both options (FEA and ML) can be an approach to the solution. This work presents the implementation of a real robot made up of three flexible modules and actuated with SMA (shape memory alloy) springs, the development of its model through finite elements, its use to adjust a neural network, and the results obtained.
Design, Synthesis and Phenotypic Profiling of Simplified Gedatolisib Analogues

Targeted antitumour therapy has revolutionized the treatment of several types of tumours. Among the validated targets, phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) deserves to be highlighted. Several PI3K inhibitors have been developed for the treatment of cancer, including gedatolisib (4). This inhibitor was elected as a prototype and molecular modifications were planned to design a new series of simplified gedatolisib analogues (5a-f). The analogues were synthesised, and the comparative cytotoxic activity profile was studied in phenotypic models employing solid and nonadherent tumour cell lines. Compound 5f (LASSBio-2252) stood out as the most promising of the series, showing good aqueous solubility (42.38 μM (pH = 7.4); 39.33 μM (pH = 5.8)), good partition coefficient (cLogP = 2.96), cytotoxic activity on human leukemia cell lines (CCRF-CEM, K562 and MOLT-4) and an excellent metabolic stability profile in rat liver microsomes (t1/2 = 462 min; Clapp = 0.058 mL/min/g). The ability of 5f to exert its cytotoxic effect through modulation of the PI3K pathway was demonstrated by flow cytometry analysis in a comparative manner to gedatolisib.
On syntheses of the X-ray background with power-law sources

We discuss if and under what conditions the combined emission from power-law sources can mimic the XRB spectrum in the range 3-50 keV measured with the A2 experiment on HEAO-1. We confirm that i good fit can be obtained, but the required spectral properties of component sources differ from those observed for local active galactic nuclei. Strong constraints are deduced for the low luminosity extension and for the evolution of such local objects. We show that any other class of sources significantly contributing to the X-ray background must be characterized by an energy spectral index y < 0.4, the mean index of the XRB (3-15 keV), and must exhibit steeper spectra at somewhat higher energies. Subject headings: galaxies: cluster of radiation mechanisms X-rays: sources X-rays: spectra
Genetic and Structural Diversity of Prokaryotic Ice-Binding Proteins from the Central Arctic Ocean

Ice-binding proteins (IBPs) are a group of ecologically and biotechnologically relevant enzymes produced by psychrophilic organisms. Although putative IBPs containing the domain of unknown function (DUF) 3494 have been identified in many taxa of polar microbes, our knowledge of their genetic and structural diversity in natural microbial communities is limited. Here, we used samples from sea ice and sea water collected in the central Arctic Ocean as part of the MOSAiC expedition for metagenome sequencing and the subsequent analyses of metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs). By linking structurally diverse IBPs to particular environments and potential functions, we reveal that IBP sequences are enriched in interior ice, have diverse genomic contexts and cluster taxonomically. Their diverse protein structures may be a consequence of domain shuffling, leading to variable combinations of protein domains in IBPs and probably reflecting the functional versatility required to thrive in the extreme and variable environment of the central Arctic Ocean.
Drone Routing for Drone-Based Delivery Systems: A Review of Trajectory Planning, Charging, and Security

Recently, owing to the high mobility and low cost of drones, drone-based delivery systems have shown considerable potential for ensuring flexible and reliable parcel delivery. Several crucial design issues must be considered to design such systems, including route planning, payload weight consideration, distance measurement, and customer location. In this paper, we present a survey of emerging drone routing algorithms for drone-based delivery systems, emphasizing three major drone routing aspects: trajectory planning, charging, and security. We focus on practical design considerations to ensure efficient, flexible, and reliable parcel delivery. We first discuss the potential issues arising when designing such systems. Next, we present a novel taxonomy based on the above-mentioned three aspects. We extensively review each algorithm for drone routing in terms of key features and operational characteristics. Furthermore, we compare the algorithms in terms of their main idea, advantages, limitations, and performance aspects. Finally, we present open research challenges to motivate further research in this field. In particular, we focus on the major aspects that researchers and engineers need to consider in order to design effective and reliable drone routing algorithms for drone-based delivery systems.
UPF1—From mRNA Degradation to Human Disorders

Up-frameshift protein 1 (UPF1) plays the role of a vital controller for transcripts, ready to react in the event of an incorrect translation mechanism. It is well known as one of the key elements involved in mRNA decay pathways and participates in transcript and protein quality control in several different aspects. Firstly, UPF1 specifically degrades premature termination codon (PTC)-containing products in a nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD)-coupled manner. Additionally, UPF1 can potentially act as an E3 ligase and degrade target proteins independently from mRNA decay pathways. Thus, UPF1 protects cells against the accumulation of misfolded polypeptides. However, this multitasking protein may still hide many of its functions and abilities. In this article, we summarize important discoveries in the context of UPF1, its involvement in various cellular pathways, as well as its structural importance and mutational changes related to the emergence of various pathologies and disease states. Even though the state of knowledge about this protein has significantly increased over the years, there are still many intriguing aspects that remain unresolved.
voluModel: Modelling species distributions in three‐dimensional space

Ecological niche modelling (ENM), species distribution modelling and related spatial analytical methods were first developed in two‐dimensional (2‐D) terrestrial systems; many common ENM workflows organize and analyse geographically structured occurrence and environmental data based on 2‐D latitude and longitude coordinates. This may be suitable for most terrestrial organisms, but pelagic marine species are distributed not only horizontally but also vertically. Extracting environmental data for marine species based only on latitude and longitude coordinates may result in poorly trained ENMs and inaccurate prediction of species' geographical distributions, as water conditions may vary strikingly with depth. We developed the voluModel R package to efficiently extract three‐dimensional (3‐D) environmental data for training ENMs (i.e. presences and absences/pseudoabsences/background). voluModel also provides tools for 3‐D ENM projection visualization and estimation of model extrapolation risk. We present the main features of the voluModel R package and provide a simple modelling workflow for Luminous Hake, Steindachneria argentea, as an example. We also compare results from 2‐D and 3‐D spatial models to demonstrate differences in how the modelling methods perform. The use of 3‐D environmental data generates more precise estimates of environmental conditions for training ENMs. This method also improves inference of species' suitable abiotic ecological niches and potential geographic ranges. 3‐D niche modelling is important step forward for marine macroecology and biogeography, as it will yield more accurate estimates of ocean species richness and potential past and future changes in the horizontal and vertical dimensions of species' geographic ranges. The latter is particularly relevant considering ongoing climate change that may cause redistribution of species in environmental space (both in latitude and depth) over time.
Education of the senses: the art of noticing, self-improvement, or the grooming of paying customers?

University Press. McLuhan, Eric, and Frank Zingrone. 1996. The Essential McLuhan. New York: Basic Books. Winter, Jay. 2016. “From Sympathy to Empathy: Trajectories of Rights in the Twentieth Century. ” In Empathy and Its Limits, edited by Aleida Assmann and Ines Detmers, 100–114. Houndmills: Palgrave. Young, Allan. 2012. “Empathic Cruelty and the Origins of the Social Brain. ” In Critical Neuroscience: A Handbook of the Social and Cultural Contexts of Neuroscience, edited by Suparna Choudhury and Jan Slaby, 159–176. Oxford: Blackwell.
Submillimeter backward-wave oscillator spectroscopy of the rare-earth orthoferrites

The complex dielectric permittivity and the complex magnetic permeability of the orthoferrites RFeO/sub 3/ (R=Y, Tm, Dy, Gd, Ho, Er, Tb) and Y/sub 1-x/Lu/sub x/FeO/sub 3/ have been investigated at submillimeter wavelengths v=100-1000 GHz. The parameters of the two antiferromagnetic resonance modes (resonance frequencies, linewidths, and mode contributions to the static permeability) have been obtained. The authors observed the electronic transitions inside the TM/sup 3+/, Er/sup 3+/, Ho/sup 3+/ ground multiplets and found a strong influence of this excitation on the AFMR mode behavior. A permittivity increase (up to 30%) in TmFeO/sub 3/ resulting from the electrodipolar transitions in Tm/sup 3+/ was observed. >
Design of Miniature Millimeter Wave Radar System Based on TI Integrated Chip

In this paper, a micro millimeter wave radar system based on TI integrated chip is designed and implemented. The system uses AWR1843 of TI company as the main chip, designs the peripheral circuit and antenna module, and realizes the miniaturization of radar system. The system can be widely used in automatic driving, uav obstacle avoidance, detection guidance and other fields.
Application of Partial Modification Method to Solve Electromagnetic Scattering from Object with Varying Resistive Film

In this paper, we research the electromagnetic scattering reduction problem of perfect electric conductor (PEC) target with the resistive film structure based on the partial modification method (PMM). When the resistive film changes, the traditional method of moments (MoM) will repeat the calculation of the overall target. Through the partial modification algorithm, the self-impedance matrix of the PEC target that does not change can be calculated only once and the inverse matrix can be used for subsequent calculations when the resistive film changes. This method shortens the calculation time. The numerical results prove the superiority of the method.
Electronically Controlled Leaky-Wave Antenna Based on Dual-Band SIW Structure

A novel substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) leaky-wave antenna (LWA) with electronically controlled beam scanning performance is proposed in this paper for microwave and millimeter wave wireless communication systems. By integrating high-band SIW into low-band SIW, a dual-band SIW structure that can transmit Ku-and Ka-band electromagnetic waves can be obtained. Two types of linear slot arrays are etched above SIW for continuous leakage in two bands. In this slot arrays, the radiation state of each slot unit can be controlled by the PIN diodes loaded above it. In this way, different radiation aperture fields can be obtained by controlling the PIN diodes, and the electronically controlled beam scanning of the antenna can be realized. Simulation and measurement verify the feasibility of the design. The measured results show that the antenna can achieve 121° and 81° fixed-frequency beam scanning in Ku and Ka bands, respectively, in the 3dB gain range.