Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Growth characteristic of microbubble in a T-junction microchannel in microfluidic chip

Microbubble formation in a T-junction microchannel in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic chip were developed. The experiment based on high-speed microscopic camera system was set up to investigate the effects of liquid flow rate, gas pressure and gas channel width on microbubble growth. Three stages of microbubble growth process were obtained through the experiment firstly. The control variable method was used for investigating the growth characteristics of microbubble, including volume change rate and the ratio of length to width. The present study provided an empirical reference for the growth of microbubble in microchannel, which helped to achieve precise control of microbubble volume.
Njursjukdomar hos shetland sheepdog och cavalier king charles spaniel

Njurarna ar tva viktiga multifunktionella organ och alla sjukdomar som ger njurpaverkan kan resultera i nedsatt njurfunktion. Hur stort bortfall av njurfunktionen som asamkats har betydelse for individens valmaende och overlevnad, varfor det ar viktigt att tidigt upptacka och behandla sjukdomen. Arftliga njursjukdomar ar i de flesta fall progressiva och i slutandan fatala. En okad medvetenhet och kunskap om arftliga njursjukdomar kan genom mojligheterna till ett forbattrat avelsarbete bidra till minskat lidande och okad valfard hos individerna i drabbade hundraser. I en annu opublicerad svensk studie identifieras bl.a. raserna shetland sheepdog (SHS) och cavalier king charles spaniel (CKCS) som tva av raserna med hogst incidens av njursjukdom. Dessa tva raser omnamns dock sallan som sarskilt drabbade i den veterinarmedicinska litteraturen. Examensarbetets syfte var att utifran journaler fran tva stora svenska djursjukhus (Evidensia Sodra Djursjukhuset och Universitetsdjursjukhuset, Sveriges Lantbruksuniversitet) beskriva vilka njursjukdomar som diagnosticerats hos dessa raser samt undersoka om nagon sjukdom verkade forekomma mer frekvent. Genom sokningar pa njursjukdomsspecifika diagnoskoder i djursjukhusens journaldatabaser sa aterfanns de individer som senare inkluderades i studien. Utvalda journaler studerades och hundarna grupperades, inom respektive ras, med avseende pa kon, alder vid symtomdebut samt anvand diagnoskod. Genom att studera journaltexten identifierades, i de fall det var mojligt, aven den mer specifika diagnos som stallts pa respektive patient, vilken ibland skiljde sig betydligt fran anvand diagnoskod. Resultatet av studien var att diagnostiken avseende njursjukdomar var mycket ospecifik hos bade SHS och CKCS samt att inga indikationer sags for att nagon specifik njursjukdom skulle vara overrepresenterad. Daremot sags en indikation for att den medfodda, ibland arftliga, njursjukdomen renal dysplasi skulle kunna finnas hos bada raser, men for att sakerstalla detta kravs vidare studier.
Estimation and Assessment of Drought in North China based on Evapotranspiration Drought Index and Remote Sensing Data

Daily actual evapotranspiration is estimated based on surface net radiation, vegetation index, average air temperature and daily air temperature range using satellite remote sensing data and routine meteorological data. Also, the estimated actual evapotranspiration (ET) is compared and validated with measured ET using eddy covariance method at luancheng station. Besides, the temporal and spatial variation of actual evapotranspiration and its impact factors are analysed qualitatively. According to the evapotranspiration through the ET model correlates well with the measured ET and the estimation is acceptable for assessing the drought conditions at large area of scales. In addition, the EDI anomaly can reflect a higher spatial resolution of drought pattern and is reliable in the indication and judgment of drought. Keywords-actual evapotranspiration; evapotranspiration drought index; North China; remote sensing
Design and characterisation of SPAD based CMOS analog pixels for photon-counting applications

Recent advancements in biomedical research and imaging applications have ignited an intense interest in single-photon detection. Along with single-photon resolution, nanosecond or sub-nanosecond timing resolution and high sensitivity of the device must be achieved at the same time. Single- Photon Avalanche Diodes (SPADs) have proved their prospectives in terms of shot-noise limited operation, excellent timing resolution and wide spec- tral range. Nonetheless, the performance of recently presented SPAD based arrays has an issue of low detection efficiency by reason of the area on the substrate occupied by additional processing electronics. This dissertation presents the design and experimental characteriza- tion of a few compact analog readout circuits for SPAD based arrays. Tar- geting the applications where the spatial resolution is the key requirement, the work is focused on the circuit compactness, that is, pixel fill factor re- finement. Consisting of only a few transistors, the proposed structures are remarkable for a small area occupation. This significant advancement has been achieved with the analog implementation of the additional circuitry instead of standard digital approach. Along with the compactness, the dis- tinguishing features of the circuits are low power consumption, low output non-linearity and pixel-to-pixel non-uniformity. In addition, experimental results on a time-gated operation have proved feasibility of a sub-nanosecond time window.
Localización óptima de los transductores en un sistema de control activo en un recinto

7 pp.-- PACS nr. : 43.50. Kj. -- Comunicacion presentada en los siguientes congresos: II Congreso Iberoamericano de Acustica. XXXI Congreso Nacional de Acustica – TecniAcustica 2000. II Jornadas Iberoamericanas de Ultrasonidos. II Congreso Iberico de Acustica. EAA Symposium on Architectural Acoustics (Madrid, 16-20 Octubre 2000).
Salient Grasp of Situations as a Mechanism Against Stress for Zang Liver

In Nei Jing, the gist of “the spirit is to subsist the grasp for changes”. The visual-tactile-mental coordinative processes and the poise made out of fascia sinews are mechanisms to optimize for performance. These mechanisms are described here as an external system pertaining to the Zang Liver. The mental grasp engages external processes starting with the visual-tactile infrastructure that coordinates input-output linkages with error tracking and formal interactive adjustment. Salience of the situation through perception and cognition keeps relevant attention so that responses are made for needs and challenges as well as social situations. The understanding of salience equipped with the mental-visual-tactile-mental coordinative infrastructure and cortical associative system can be correlated with Hun, along with the Zang Liver as the director spirit keeping up to salience. With the mental-visual-tactile infrastructure built towards goal directed actions, the poise and visual-tactile grasp facilitate effective coordination. In this system, gaps and losing grasp cause fright. With anxiety, grasp tension is heightened. Too many matters in mind (as in Zang Liver) to act, anxiety ensues. Basic pathophysiology of Zang Liver can be well explained in these terms.
Ibigkas!: The Iterative Development of a Mobile Collaborative Game for Building Phonemic Awareness and Vocabulary

Filipino learners’ lack of English language proficiency is a major barrier to higher education opportunities and participation in high-value industries. Computer-based learning systems have the potential to increase educational quality, equity, and efficacy in the Global South. However, a key challenge is to design systems that are developmentally and socio-culturally appropriate and engaging for the target learners. In this paper, we describe the design, development, and preliminary testing of Ibigkas! , a collaborative, mobile phone-based game designed to provide phonemic awareness and vocabulary building support to Filipino learners aged 10-12. Cite as Rodrigo, M.M. T. , Ocumpaugh, J., Diy, W.D. , Moreno, M. , De Santos, M. , Cargo, N. , Lacson, J., Santos, D. , Aduna, D. , Beraquit, J.I. , Bringula, R. , Caparros, M.R. M. , Choi, A.T. , Ladan, S. , Lim, J., Manahan, D.M.A., Paterno, J.M. G. , Saturinas, K. , Tabanao, E. , Tablatin, C. , Torres, J., Porayska-Pomsta, K. , Olatunji, I. , Luckin, R. (2019) Ibigkas! : The Iterative Development of a Mobile Collaborative Game for Building Phonemic Awareness and Vocabulary. Computer-Based Learning in Context, 1(1), 28-42. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4057282
Urban forest vulnerability and its implications for ecosystem service supply at multiple scales

The urban forest is a valuable ecosystem service provider that is garnering increasing attention in environmental research and municipal planning agendas. However, because of its location in heavily built-up and densely-settled environments, the urban forest is vulnerable. The purpose of this dissertation is to conceptualize, assess, and analyze urban forest ecosystems and their vulnerability at multiple spatial and temporal scales. An urban forest ecosystem classification framework that integrates biophysical, built, and human components is developed. Subsequent classification of ecosystems at the neighbourhood scale reveals the spatial arrangement of several social-ecological interactions. Such information is valuable to ecosystem-based decision support while also informing future vulnerability research. The investigation of ecosystem vulnerability began with the development of a theory-based conceptual framework. Urban forest vulnerability is defined as the likelihood of decline in ecosystem service supply and its associated benefits for human populations, urban infrastructure, and biodiversity. It is comprised of exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity, which describe the built environment and associated stressors, urban forest structure, and the human population, respectively. This framework is applied using empirical field research in Toronto, Canada to explore the processes of vulnerability and their influence on ecological change. Results indicate that there are several significant predictors of urban forest decline and mortality, and emphasize the importance of applying diverse metrics to describe the built environment and urban forest structure at fine spatial scales. Vulnerability assessment and analysis at much broader spatial and temporal scales, using a spatially-explicit assessment approach and ecological modelling of alternative management and disturbance scenarios, is further investigated. This latter research emphasizes the importance of aligning scales of management with ecosystem function and the long-term influence of management intervention on ecological conditions. The multiple scales of investigation and methodological approaches developed in this study provide complementary opportunities to synthesize and apply existing theory in novel settings while also generating new theories pertaining to the processes of urban ecosystem change and decline. The intention of this study is to contribute to the understanding of urban forest ecosystems and their vulnerability, while also providing practical knowledge and tools for the sustainable management of this resource.
Alternate Forms of Relative Attitude Kinematics and Dynamics Equations

In this paper the alternate forms of the relative attitude kinematics and relative dynamics equations are presented. These developments are different from the earlier developments that have been presented in other publications. The current forms of equations have the advantage of being simpler than earlier ones. These equations are applied in developing the necessary kinematics and dynamics for relative navigation in formation flying and virtual platforms. These equations also have application in the implementation of nonlinear full state feedback and nonlinear output feedback control for large attitude angle acquisition and tracking. This paper presents simulations from such a full state feedback control application.
Space Technology 5 Launch and Operations

The three spacecraft that made up the Space Technology 5 (ST5) mission were successfully launched and deployed from their Pegasus launch vehicle on March 22, 2006. Final contact with the spacecraft occurred on June 30, 2006, with all Level 1 requirements met. By the end of the mission, all ST5 technologies had been validated, all on-board attitude control system (ACS) modes had been successfully demonstrated, and the desired constellation configurations had been achieved to demonstrate the ability of small spacecraft to take quality science measurements, However, during those 100 days (ST5 was planned to be a 90-day mission), there were a number of anomalies that made achieving the mission goals very challenging. This paper will discuss: the chronology of the ST5 launch and early operations, work performed to diagnose and work-around a sun sensor anomaly, spacecraft tests devised to demonstrate correct operation of all onboard ACS modes, the maneuver plan performed to achieve the desired constellation, investigations performed by members of the ST5 GN&C and Science teams of an anomalous spin down condition, and the end-of-life orbit and passivating operations performed on the three spacecraft.
Effects of Organization Structures on International Construction Joint Venture Risks

In the construction industry, international construction joint venture (ICJV) is a common form of cooperative strategy, which is adopted by contractors (as partners) for executing large construction projects that require a large amount of resource beyond the capacity of a single contractor. While partners establish an ICJV to enhance their capacities and competiveness as well as to achieve their objectives, ICJV management encounters a variety of risks throughout project life cycle. There are many factors contributing to the risk parameters, namely, consequence and likelihood. An important factor is the ICJV organization structure, which can be grouped into two types: the collaborated governance structure (CG-JV) and the separated governance structure (SG-JV). This paper aims to identify and analyze critical risks during the construction phase of ICJVs by integrating the Delphi technique into the survey and interview process. The results show that there is a statistically significant difference in both risk parameters of the CG-JV and the SG-JV. This is clearly present in the internal risk category, such as the difference on resource allocation between partners and the improper intervention by partners. The ICJV partners can use the outcomes to prepare their comprehensive risk management plans which correspond to the types of ICJV organization structure that they have chosen.
An eco-efficient method to valorization of solid wastes: Hydrothermal treatment

In this paper, it is presented the effect of Hydrothermal Treatment (HT) of ash from the incineration of municipal solid waste (MSWIA), classified as hazardous waste and industrial by-products such as coal combustion fly ash (FA). The most interesting results here presented they show that practically 100% of chloride ion content of some of these materials disappears after the hydrothermal treatment of the solid; they are also formed so important phases as tobermorite, C-S-H gel, belite etc, with cementing character. This treatment allows, therefore, valorise these wastes in cement-based materials and its application in the construction sector.
Helicobacter pylori infection and increased diabetes prevalence were the risks of colorectal adenoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background Helicobacter pylori (H. Pylori) infection and hyperglycemia may be associated with an increased risk of colorectal neoplasm. However these two factors affect colorectal neoplasm remain controversial. We aimed to carry out a meta-analysis to evaluate the study population diabetes prevalence rate and H. pylori infection rate with colorectal adenoma risk. Methods We conducted a systemic research through English databases for medical reports. We also recorded the diabetes prevalence and H. pylori infection prevalence in each study. We classified these studies into 4 subgroups as their background population diabetes prevalence < 6%(Group 1); between 6 to 8%(Group 2); between 8 to 10 %(Group 3) and more than 10%(Group 4). The random effects model had used to calculate pooled prevalence estimates with 95% confidence interval [CI]. Results Twenty seven studies were finally eligible for meta-analysis. The random-effects model of meta-analysis was chosen, showing pooled odds ratio (OR) equal to 1.51 (95 % CI 1.39–1.63). The subgroup meta-analyses showed in Group 1 the H. pylori infection associated colorectal adenoma risk OR was 1.24 (95 % CI 0.86–1.78). As diabetes rate exceed 6%, the H. pylori infection became more significant increased risk of colorectal adenoma (Group 2: OR 2.16 (95 % CI 1.61–2.91); Group 3: OR 1.40 (95 % CI 1.24–1.57); Group 4: OR 1.52 (95 % CI 1.46–1.57)). Conclusions The results of this meta-analysis showed DM prevalence would affect the risk factor of colorectal adenoma with H. pylori infection.
A Low-Cost Hardware-Friendly Spiking Neural Network Based on Binary MRAM Synapses, Accelerated Using In-Memory Computing

In recent years, the scaling down that Moore’s Law relies on has been gradually slowing down, and the traditional von Neumann architecture has been limiting the improvement of computing power. Thus, neuromorphic in-memory computing hardware has been proposed and is becoming a promising alternative. However, there is still a long way to make it possible, and one of the problems is to provide an efficient, reliable, and achievable neural network for hardware implementation. In this paper, we proposed a two-layer fully connected spiking neural network based on binary MRAM (Magneto-resistive Random Access Memory) synapses with low hardware cost. First, the network used an array of multiple binary MRAM cells to store multi-bit fixed-point weight values. This helps to simplify the read/write circuit. Second, we used different kinds of spike encoders that ensure the sparsity of input spikes, to reduce the complexity of peripheral circuits, such as sense amplifiers. Third, we designed a single-step learning rule, which fit well with the fixed-point binary weights. Fourth, we replaced the traditional exponential Leak-Integrate-Fire (LIF) neuron model to avoid the massive cost of exponential circuits. The simulation results showed that, compared to other similar works, our SNN with 1184 neurons and 313,600 synapses achieved an accuracy of up to 90.6% in the MNIST recognition task with full-resolution (28 × 28) and full-bit-depth (8-bit) images. In the case of low-resolution (16 × 16) and black-white (1-bit) images, the smaller version of our network with 384 neurons and 32,768 synapses still maintained an accuracy of about 77%, extending its application to ultra-low-cost situations. Both versions need less than 30,000 samples to reach convergence, which is a >50% reduction compared to other similar networks. As for robustness, it is immune to the fluctuation of MRAM cell resistance.
Meta-analysis of the effects of dexmedetomidine vs esmolol for used controlled hypotension during surgery

Background: At present ,the anesthetist usally use Controlled hypotension tecnical reduced blood loss and improved surgical field. Dexmedetomidine and esmolol have been proved effective for controlled hypotension. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of dexmedetomidine versus esmolol on the controlled hypotension during surgery.Methods: All articles were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library up to January 2020. JL and HD independently screened, extracted and evaluated the literature that meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and used RevMan 5.3 for statistic analysis.Results: Eight randomised trials, including 418 patients were selected in this meta-anaysis. And it’s results showed:1) The dexmedetomidine group was more favorable in reducing blood loss (MD 49.48 with 95% CI [-5.44,104.40], P =0.08）;2）Compared with the esmolol group，HR （MD 3.30 with 95% CI [2.11,4.50], P <0.00001）,requiring of fentany(SMD 5.96 with 95% CI [3.43,8.48], P <0.00001）were considerably lower in the dexmedetomidine group，while emergence time （MD -6.69 with 95% CI [-9.61,-3.76], P <0.0001)was more longer in the dexmedetomidine group . 3）Compared with the esmolol group，duration of surgery（MD -0.12 with 95% CI [-6.24,6.01], P = 0.97），MAP（ MD 2.29 with 95% CI [-2.02,6.60],P =0.30），the recovery period（MD -0.52 with 95% CI [-3.07,2.04], P = 0.69）were not statistically significant differences in the dexmedetomidine group.Conclusion: Two drugs were effective for controlled hypotension, but compared with esmolol, dexmedetomidine is more better in reducing blood loss ,and less requiring of fentanyl.But attention should be paid to the long emegence time and bradycardia.
On the use of self-organizing maps in detecting teleconnections. Part II: temporal aspects

Self-organizing maps (SOMs) represent a method widely used to obtain representative states of atmospheric circulation and link these states to local climate on one hand, and large-scale modes of circulation variability on the other. In the present Part II of our study, we focus on the temporal aspects of the link between SOM circulation types (CTs) and main building blocks of spatial-temporal variability represented by (i) three predefined idealized oscillatory variability modes and (ii) four leading modes of Euro-Atlantic circulation variability extracted by principal component analysis (PCA). The CTs respond to various changes in modes, including variations in their strength and preferred phase. However, compared to these responses, the detected sampling variability inherent to decadal-scale datasets generated from identical setting of modes is surprisingly high, showing that trends in the frequency of CTs of approximately ± 30% can occur without any change in the strength and phase of the underlying modes. This suggests that in order to achieve robust changes in CT frequencies, either an unrealistically large change in the underlying variability mode, which is inconsistent with reanalysis data, is required, or simultaneous contributions of two or more modes that superimpose one another are needed. Consequently, to attribute changes in CTs to variability modes, other methods (e.g., PCA) should be used in parallel to SOMs to avoid misinterpretations. Since the results obtained for the idealized modes agree with our findings for real-world circulation, we believe that the rather simplistic idealized modes may be used in future studies that would extend the research to non-linear aspects of teleconnectivity, including (but not limited to) non-stationary spatial patterns and non-linear combination of variability modes in generating synthetic datasets.
Techniques of RFID systems: Architectures and applications

From its first use in World War II, to differentiate between enemy and friendly aircraft, RFID has come to an era where it is used as an important identification tool, providing added security and conveniences in our daily lives. Its components and features are still being researched and integrated in existing systems to create a marketable and potential new system. 1, 2 The main purpose of this article is to highlight and discuss the various RFID systems that are being implemented or under development. The advances, approaches and improvements in the designs will be examined and, if possible, compared with one another. Recommendations for future study are also outlined. This review serves as a comparative "study and reference, beneficial for RFID researchers for future implementation of the technology.
Understanding the impact of a reflective practice-based continuing professional development programme on Kuwaiti primary teachers' integration of ICT

2 Dedication . 4 Acknowledgement . 5 Table of Contacts . 6 List of tables . 12 List of Figures . 13 Abbreviation . 14 Chapter one . 15 Introduction . 15