Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multitemporal Total Coliforms and Escherichia coli Analysis in the Middle Bogotá River Basin, 2007–2019

Currently, one of the main environmental problems that need to be addressed is the pollution inflicted upon different ecosystems by anthropic activities. One example of this problem can be seen in the Bogotá River, a major river in the Cundinamarca department of Columbia and the main water source supplying the Bogotá savannah, which reaches the Colombian capital city. The Bogotá River is highly affected by effluents and wastewater of domestic and industrial origin, among others. These pollutants are generated and accumulated throughout the entire basin, without ever receiving any type of treatment. The pollution levels to which the Bogotá River is subjected can be determined with the calculation of environmental indices, including microbiological contamination indicators such as total coliforms (TC) and fecal coliforms, which include Escherichia coli, Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Serratia, Edwardsiella, and Citrobacter bacteria, living as independent saprophytes. This paper assesses the quality of the water in the Bogotá River, using microbiological indicators and data provided by the Regional Autonomous Corporation (CAR) of Cundinamarca to assess water samples, extracted based on the climatic bimodality exhibited in the basin in dry and wet seasons. The scope of this study was limited to the 35 monitoring Regional Autonomous Corporation of Cundinamarca (CAR) stations located throughout the middle basin. For these purposes, a multitemporal analysis of the TC and Escherichia coli variables was conducted for the 2007–2019 period, which evidenced the contamination levels in this section of the water body. In broad terms, the current state of the middle section of the Bogotá River basin is unacceptable, due to the different activities occurring within its riparian buffer zone, such as uncontrolled domestic, industrial, and/or commercial wastewater discharges. To optimize water treatability, the continuous improvement of existing treatment plants is expected, as well as the implementation of new sustainable treatment alternatives aimed at improving water quality.
Discordant Genome Assemblies Drastically Alter the Interpretation of Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Data Which Can Be Mitigated by a Novel Integration Method

Advances in sequencing and assembly technology have led to the creation of genome assemblies for a wide variety of non-model organisms. The rapid production and proliferation of updated, novel assembly versions can create vexing problems for researchers when multiple-genome assembly versions are available at once, requiring researchers to work with more than one reference genome. Multiple-genome assemblies are especially problematic for researchers studying the genetic makeup of individual cells, as single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) requires sequenced reads to be mapped and aligned to a single reference genome. Using the Astyanax mexicanus, this study highlights how the interpretation of a single-cell dataset from the same sample changes when aligned to its two different available genome assemblies. We found that the number of cells and expressed genes detected were drastically different when aligning to the different assemblies. When the genome assemblies were used in isolation with their respective annotations, cell-type identification was confounded, as some classic cell-type markers were assembly-specific, whilst other genes showed differential patterns of expression between the two assemblies. To overcome the problems posed by multiple-genome assemblies, we propose that researchers align to each available assembly and then integrate the resultant datasets to produce a final dataset in which all genome alignments can be used simultaneously. We found that this approach increased the accuracy of cell-type identification and maximised the amount of data that could be extracted from our single-cell sample by capturing all possible cells and transcripts. As scRNAseq becomes more widely available, it is imperative that the single-cell community is aware of how genome assembly alignment can alter single-cell data and their interpretation, especially when reviewing studies on non-model organisms.
Extended Pedigrees of Apple Cultivars from the University of Minnesota Breeding Program Elucidated Using SNP Array Markers

Apple (Malus ×domestica Borkh.) breeding at the University of Minnesota (UMN) has been ongoing continuously since 1908 when staff originally planted thousands of seedlings from open-pollinated (OP) seeds collected from regional orchards. The first cultivar from the program, ‘Minnehaha’, was introduced in 1920 and several others from these OP seeds followed over the next 3 decades. Controlled crosses were initiated in 1916, and until the time of this publication, 28 cultivars have been introduced. Historical records of parentage, as recorded by staff in notebooks and in 20th-century publications, have been used to inform breeding decisions but might be incorrect as indicated by earlier explorations of parentage using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Our objective was to elucidate parentage and extended pedigrees of all available cultivars introduced from the UMN apple breeding program using evaluations of Mendelian errors and shared haplotype length information based on data from single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays. Sixteen of the 21 cultivars introduced before ‘Honeycrisp’ (1991) had incorrect or incomplete pedigrees that are now at least partially elucidated. These include the two most important regional cultivars in the 20th century: ‘Haralson’ (parents: ‘Malinda’ and ‘Wealthy’) and ‘Fireside’ (parents: ‘Wealthy’ and ‘Northwest Greening’). ‘Wealthy’, a widely grown cultivar in the United States in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, was a frequent parent of older UMN cultivars. ‘Malinda’ was a less frequent parent than indicated by breeding records. ‘Duchess of Oldenburg’ (synonym ‘Borowitsky’) was revealed as an ancestor of overwhelming importance in the UMN breeding program. It was an ancestor of 27 of the 28 UMN cultivars, including as a parent of two cultivars, and a grandparent of 15 cultivars, including ‘Honeycrisp’.
A Micro-Actuator for a Hard-Disk Drive Fine Tracking Servo

This paper reports on the design, fabrication and testing of an electrostatic micro-actuator for a magnetic Hard-Disk Drive (HDD) tracking servo. First, the design requirements for a micro-actuator in this application were investigated. These include high Z-directional stiffness, low in-plane stiffness, high structural aspect ratio, large output force, high area-efficiency, low cost, and mass-production by a batch process. A novel area-efficient rotary micro-actuator design was devised, and micro-actuators were successfully fabricated using innovative processing technologies such as high-aspect ratio polymer etching and thick metal electro-deposition. The fabricated micro-actuator has a structural thickness of 40 μm with a minimum gap/structure width of approximately 2 μm (aspect ratio of 20:1). The micro-actuator’s frequency response was measured and it was confirmed that the micro-actuator has extremely clean response up to very high frequency region, and this fact enables the design of a servo system that exceeds a 5 kHz servo bandwidth, which is adequate to achieve a track density of more than 25 kilo-track-per-inch (kTPI). The micro-actuator/slider assembly was also tested on a spinning disk, with its position controlled by a PID controller using the magnetic position error signal (PES) written on the disk. A position accuracy of about 0.05 μm was observed when the servo controller was turned on. This result confirms that this micro-actuator can be used in a servo system which is capable of more than 25 kTPI.
Transfer Learning-Based Artificial Neural Network for Forward Kinematic Estimation of 6-DOF Robot

Transfer Learning (TL) can significantly lower training time and reduce dependency on a large number of target domain datasets. Such an approach is still not exploited for robotic prediction tasks. Currently, a TL based Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is explored and validated for robotic forward kinematics estimation of a 6-DOF robot. The robotic positions are estimated from the available joint angle information. The 6-R MTAB Aristo-XT robot is selected as a case study to generate the target experimental training and testing data for validation of ML techniques. While, the PUMA 560 6-DOF robot is used as a source for prior training of the ANN model. Standard performance measures such as learning error, deviation error and Mean Square Error (MSE) are evaluated and graphical illustrations are presented for fair comparison of the results. Experimental results reveal that, instead of ANN, the TL-ANN is strongly suggested to improve the training time of ANN regressor, and it also reduces the randomness and improves the accuracy as compared to its counterpart.
Melatonin and the Programming of Stem Cells

Melatonin interacts with various types of stem cells, in multiple ways that comprise stimulation of proliferation, maintenance of stemness and self-renewal, protection of survival, and programming toward functionally different cell lineages. These various properties are frequently intertwined but may not be always jointly present. Melatonin typically stimulates proliferation and transition to the mature cell type. For all sufficiently studied stem or progenitor cells, melatonin’s signaling pathways leading to expression of respective morphogenetic factors are discussed. The focus of this article will be laid on the aspect of programming, particularly in pluripotent cells. This is especially but not exclusively the case in neural stem cells (NSCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Concerning developmental bifurcations, decisions are not exclusively made by melatonin alone. In MSCs, melatonin promotes adipogenesis in a Wnt (Wingless-Integration-1)-independent mode, but chondrogenesis and osteogenesis Wnt-dependently. Melatonin upregulates Wnt, but not in the adipogenic lineage. This decision seems to depend on microenvironment and epigenetic memory. The decision for chondrogenesis instead of osteogenesis, both being Wnt-dependent, seems to involve fibroblast growth factor receptor 3. Stem cell-specific differences in melatonin and Wnt receptors, and contributions of transcription factors and noncoding RNAs are outlined, as well as possibilities and the medical importance of re-programming for transdifferentiation.
Spectrum characteristic analysis of Walsh code

With the spectrum characteristics of Walsh code systematically analyzed, and the distribution rules of Walsh code in frequency domain summarized,a simple method is established to determine the central frequency and frequency band of Walsh code.With this paper it is available to choose suitable Walsh code according to the known frequency structure. Walsh code have practical used to solve some problems such as the near-far effect in the mobile communication and narrow band interference in the communication counter.
Virtual Vibrational Spectrometry of Stable Radicals—Necklaced Graphene Molecules

The article presents results of an extended virtual experiment on graphene molecules performed using the virtual vibrational spectrometer HF Spectrodyn that exploits semiempirical Hartree–Fock approximation. The molecules are composed of flat graphene domains surrounded with heteroatom necklaces. Not existing individually, these molecules are met in practice as basic structure units of complex multilevel structure of all sp2 amorphous carbons. This circumstance deprives the solids’ in vitro spectroscopy of revealing the individual character of basic structural elements, and in silico spectrometry fills this shortcoming. The obtained virtual vibrational spectra allow for drawing first conclusions about the specific features of the vibrational dynamics of the necklaced graphene molecules, caused by spatial structure and packing of their graphene domains as well as by chemical composition of the relevant necklaces. As shown, IR absorption spectra of the molecules are strongly necklace dependent, once becoming a distinct spectral signature of the amorphous body origin. Otherwise, Raman spectra are a spectral mark of the graphene domain’s size and packing, thus disclosing the mystery of their universal D-G-band standard related to graphene-containing materials of various origins.
An Experimental Observation of 3-D Scramjet Inlet Flow in a Shock Tunnel

An experimental observation was carried out for three-dimensional scramjet inlet flow.Six 3-D inlet models with different swept and wedge angles were examined in a M4.5 straight shock tunnel to review the inner flow field of inlet model by means of high speed schlieren photography,oil dot visualization technology and surface tuft method,respectively.As a valuable supplement,2-D numerical simulation was also conducted.Schlieren photos clearly show the very complex flow structure in the inlet,which is mainly caused by the shock wave-boundary interaction.The shock wave interaction consists of shock waves and viscous separation regions.These phenomena are also confirmed by numerical simulation.Oil dot photos capture the flow patterns near the walls of the inlet.The fin shock,separation line and reattachment line can be identified.According to the experimental results,it is presumed that the interaction of shock wave caused by cowl with the boundary layer over the inlet top and the boundary layer over the sidewall are main flow structures,which deteriorate the flow field in the inlet.Pumping was used to control the separation,and presented some positive results.
Capital Structure and Corporate Performance: A Case of China

This research focuses on the capital structure and the corporate performance in China. This research introduces different theories of capital structure. It reviews the studies conducted in different economic entities about this topic and combine with the current research in China, which can provide the evidences for this research to give the assumptions. This research uses three models, ordinary least squares (OLS), fixed effect (FE), and generalized method of moments (GMM) to process the data and find out the relationship between the capital structure and the corporate performance in China. The results of this research show a significant negative correlation between the leverage level and the return on assets of Chinese firms. It shows the relationship between the capital structure and the corporate performance. This research explains this relationship by the characteristics of Chinese market and tries to give suggestion for practice.
Effects of Verbal Encouragement and Performance Feedback on Physical Fitness in Young Adults

This study evaluates the effects on the performance of young adults undergoing physical fitness tests with external stimuli (verbal encouragement (VE), performance feedback (PF), goal-oriented (GO) and a combination of external stimuli (CS)) and without external stimuli (WS). A group of 432 male students (age 19.1 ± 2.1 y, BMI 24.72 ± 5.97) was randomly selected for this study. They underwent a battery of fitness tests (bench press, 10 and 30 m sprints, and vertical jump) with and without external stimuli. The results showed greater improvements in mean power in bench press after PF compared to attempts WS (14.93 W, 3.43%, p = 0.005), and after CS compared to WS (13.84 W, 3.18%, p = 0.015). The time in the 10 and 30 m sprints decreased more profoundly after a combination of VE and GO compared to WS (0.021 s, 1.07%, p = 0.000 and 0.06 s, 1.23%, p = 0.001, respectively) and after CS compared to VE (0.015 s, 0.76%, p = 0.004 and 0.074 s, 1.52%, p = 0.000, respectively). Furthermore, the height of the jump improved more after VE than WS (1.36 cm, 5.46%, p = 0.000), after CS than WS (1.94 cm, 7.79%, p = 0.000), and after CS than VE stimulus (0.58 cm, 2.21%, p = 0.000). These findings indicate that external stimuli and their combination are more effective for achieving better results in physical fitness tests than without external stimuli. Therefore, practitioners should use verbal encouragement, performance feedback, goal-oriented stimuli, and their combinations during physical fitness testing in physical education classes in order to enable their students to achieve a better performance.
PIV experimental investigation of coaxial rotors' induced velocity field in hover

Experimental investigation of coaxial and single rotor in hover was carried out in water tunnel by Particle Image Velocimetry(PIV) technique.The vectorgraph of rotor's flow field and vorticity cloud image etc.were obtained.With further study and analysis,series of conclusions about the induced velocity of the flow field of coaxial rotors were drawn.The axial induced velocity of the coaxial rotor was greater than that of single rotor,but less than twice of the single's.The axial induced velocity increased gradually with the rotor axial position down.The radical induced velocity contracted inward rapidly at the blade tip zone,and compared to lower rotor,the upper rotor's radical induced velocity contracted faster and the contracting zone was larger.For both single and coaxial rotors,there were radius scopes inside which swirl induced velocity was in accordance with the rotating direction of the rotor,but outside was converse.These conclusions would be helpful for theory study and engineering design.
The Influence of Digital Influencer, e-WOM and Information Quality on Customer Repurchase Intention toward Online Shop in e-Marketplace during Pandemic COVID-19: The Mediation Effect of Customer Trust

Abstract Pandemic COVID-19 brought an impact on the decline of the economy in Indonesia. However, in the pandemic COVID-19, a lot of retailers switch their business to online shops that use e-marketplace. The study aims to empirically investigate factors that build customer repurchase intention toward Indonesia's online shop in the e-marketplace and explore the mediating impact of trust on repurchase intention. This study employs quantitative analyses. The respondent from this study is customers of online shop that use e-marketplaces in Indonesia. This study used SEM-PLS to analyze the research model and data. The model was empirically tested using 407 respondents’ data. The result showed that customer trust, digital influencer influence, social e-WOM, information quality positively impacted customer repurchase intention. The result also showed that customer trust mediates the relationship between variable digital influencer influence, information quality, and social e-WOM with customer repurchase intention. Moreover, social e-WOM and information quality are essential predictors in building customer repurchase intention. This study tries to reduce the gap in the marketing literature by providing empirical evidence about the influence of digital influencers on customer decision-making.
Genome-Wide Expression and Anti-Proliferative Effects of Electric Field Therapy on Pediatric and Adult Brain Tumors

The lack of treatment options for high-grade brain tumors has led to searches for alternative therapeutic modalities. Electrical field therapy is one such area. The Optune™ system is an FDA-approved novel device that delivers continuous alternating electric fields (tumor treating fields—TTFields) to the patient for the treatment of primary and recurrent Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Various mechanisms have been proposed to explain the effects of TTFields and other electrical therapies. Here, we present the first study of genome-wide expression of electrotherapy (delivered via TTFields or Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS)) on brain tumor cell lines. The effects of electric fields were assessed through gene expression arrays and combinational effects with chemotherapies. We observed that both DBS and TTFields significantly affected brain tumor cell line viability, with DBS promoting G0-phase accumulation and TTFields promoting G2-phase accumulation. Both treatments may be used to augment the efficacy of chemotherapy in vitro. Genome-wide expression assessment demonstrated significant overlap between the different electrical treatments, suggesting novel interactions with mitochondrial functioning and promoting endoplasmic reticulum stress. We demonstrate the in vitro efficacy of electric fields against adult and pediatric high-grade brain tumors and elucidate potential mechanisms of action for future study.
Synthesis, Structural and Electrochemical Characterization of Nanomaterials Aiming Its Application in Electrochemical Sensor Development

In this work the effect of nanocomposite based on functionalized Carbon Nanotubes decorated with Silver Nanoparticles (CNTf-AgNP) and Gold Nanoparticles (CNTf-AuNP) as a modifier of Pyrolytic Graphite Electrode (PGE) surface was evaluated. By combining these two classes of nanomaterials, it is expected to obtain a synergistic effect that adds the high catalytic power of Metallic Nanoparticles (NPs) with the Carbon Nanotubes (CNT) excellent electrical conductivity, enabling an improvement in kinetics of redox processes, expanding the electrochemical signal and increasing the sensor sensitivity. The materials were synthesized and characterized by UV-Vis Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). Electrochemical characterization was performed by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and Cyclic Voltammetry (CV). The results confirmed the synthesis of CNTf-AgNP and CNTf-AuNP nanocomposites. Furthermore, CNTf-AgNP significantly enhanced the electroactive surface area of PGE, decreased the resistance to electron transfer and considerably increased the electron transfer rate, with current gain approximately 300% larger than the electrode without any modification. Therefore, the development of an electrochemical sensor obtained by a fast and simple solvent evaporation process was carried out effectively, with great potential and viability to be applied on different compounds of clinical, industrial and environmental interest determination.
Toward Embedded System Resources Relaxation Based on the Event-Triggered Feedback Control Approach

The paper describes an event-triggered nonlinear feedback controller design. Event triggering is a real-time controller implementation technique which reduces embedded system utilization and relaxes task scheduling of the real-time system. In contrast to classic time implementation techniques, the event-triggered execution is validated regarding the introduced triggering policy. The triggering rule is a boundary, where the last task value is preserved until the rule is violated. In the given paper, two different event-triggered strategies are designed for the class of dynamic systems with integral behavior. Both methods are based on sliding mode controller design, where the triggering rule of the first design involves only a partial state vector, which is a direct consequence of the triggering rule derivation throughout the Lyapunov stability analysis. In the second approach, the sliding mode controller is designed upon prior stabilized systems with the additional term, which enables derivation of the triggering rule based on the whole state vector. The second approach offers better closed-loop performance and higher relaxation of the system utilization. The selection of triggering boundary is related closely to the derived minimal inter-event time, which impacts the computational burden of the real-time system and closed-loop performance directly. The derived controllers are compared with the classic sample and hold implementation techniques. The real-time results are presented, and system performances are confirmed regarding embedded system task relaxation, lowering the computational intensity and preserving closed-loop dynamics.