Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Circular Slot loaded ultrawideband circularly polarized Antenna

In this paper, a circular slot loaded circular monopole antenna for ultrawideband circularly polarized applications is presented. The antenna consists of a circular radiator fed by a modified feedline and multiple slots loaded modified coplanar waveguide (CPW) ground plane. The ground plane is also loaded with quarter elliptical slot and semicircular stub to achieve circular polarization. The overall dimensions of the proposed antenna are 17×20 mm2. The antenna has an impedance bandwidth of 4.41-14.0 GHz (104.2%) and axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) of 5.87-13.66 GHz (79.77%). It has a peak gain of 5.34 dBi. The proposed antenna provides right hand circularly polarized (RHCP) radiation patterns along +z axis. It has advantages of compact dimensions, wide impedance bandwidth and wide axial ratio bandwidth over previously reported structures.
Infodemic Detection on Twitter During Pandemic Situation using LDA Topic Modelling

Online social media propagates lot of misinformation during pandemic situation which trigger the human community in to a fear. Hence to avoid the propagation of infodemic during pandemic time. We proposed approach unsupervised infodemic identification using latent dirichlet allocation(LDA). This novel approach initially preprocess the unstructured data from twitter to structured data using NLP preprocessing technique then the data is converted to numerical vector using TF-IDF model. Finally the data is topic modeled for identifying the outlier.
Joint fingerprinting and decryption content security protection method for remote sensing images based on neighborhood similarity

Abstract The joint fingerprinting and decryption (JFD) framework has high efficiency and can provide comprehensive, effective content security protection for remote sensing images. However, the fingerprint is generated by random partial decryption in JFD, which will lead to obvious degradation of image quality after embedding fingerprints and will severely impact the precision and further application of remote sensing images. In order to solve this problem, an improved JFD scheme based on neighborhood similarity is proposed in this paper, where the image is partitioned into different regions, and the regions that affect future application most are excluded from the fingerprint embedding area. Moreover, neighborhood similarity is defined in order to evaluate the change of pixel correlation, and areas with good neighborhood similarity after encryption are chosen to embed fingerprints. The experimental results prove that the fingerprinted image has a good image quality, and it will not affect the following application such as edge extraction and unsupervised classification, etc. Therefore, it is a suitable content security protection method for remote sensing image.
Compact Eight-Element MIMO Antenna for UWB Applications

A compact, low-profile eight-element UWB-MIMO antenna is presented in this investigation. The proposed eight-element MIMO antenna is configured by placing symmetrically orthogonally two identical same-oriented antenna elements on an octagonal-shaped substrate board, which are fed through the tapered microstrip line. A combination of ground stubs is utilized between a pair of antenna elements for better matching and low correlation simultaneously. The proposed MIMO antenna obtained a -10 dB impedance bandwidth $(S_{ij}\in i=j)$ of 3.05-15.05 GHz (132.59%) and a minimum isolation value $\mathbf{(S_{ij}\in i\neq j)}$ of 15 dB. The peak gain and total efficiency values are 7.3 dBi and 68.2-88.7%, respectively, in the respective ultra-wideband. Also, the value of ECC is less than 0.15. The performance of the proposed MIMO antenna is found satisfactory, which may be appropriate for UWB application-based user devices.
Parkinson's Disease and Its's Stage Classification using Artificial Intelligence

The disease Parkinson's Illness (PI) is a serious form of neurodegeneration. About in 90% of people suffering from PI have speech challenges in the initial phases. Speech as a result is in this study, traits were employed to categorize this condition. The most well-known speech characteristics used in PI research are vibration, sparkle, modulation index parameters, harmonicity variables, recurrence period density emission (RPDE), normalised variation interpretation (DFA), and pitch period entropy. These factors served as the baseline variables for the inquiry. This research studied PI using the Gradient boosted technique. The XGBoost technique initially gave a forecast recognition rate of 84.80% using all of the baseline data. Features from locShimmer (Fscore = 3) were discarded while selecting features for the model's improvement by plotting feature significance. The accuracy rating of the model has grown to 85.60% after feature selection was completed. We tried to improve the model we were using for the second features selection by deleting features with F-score values below 20. But after selecting these features, the model's accuracy fell to 84.40%. The model with an accuracy of 85.60% is hence the one that is selected.
Broadband Slot Coupled Ku-Band Orthomode Transducer for SATCOM Applications

This paper presents the design, simulation, development and characterization of a wideband, compact slot-coupled Ku-band Orthomode Transducer (OMT) for dual liner (horizontal and vertical) polarizations application. The designed OMT covers the frequency range of 10.5GHz- 13.5GHz for both linear polarizations. The OMT is fabricated and port to port isolation greater than 45dB is obtained in the measurement. Analogy of cavity resonance has been included in the design to achieve broadband operation for the slot-coupled polarization. Proposed analogy is useful to have dual band or wideband operation for the polarization, which is catered on coupled port. The presented OMT is compact in size and measured results shows a 25% bandwidth for 20dB Return Loss (RL).
LSTM-Based Top N Recommendation System using Cognitive Data

With the rapid increase in Social Web applications, a significant amount of research has been dedicated to the analysis and development of personalized recommendations using artificial intelligence. Different machine learning and neural networks are applied widely to recommend relevant research books or research articles to online learners. However, conventional machine learning algorithms require additional training models to train recommendation models for processing large-scale data. Hence they are considered to be inappropriate for generating personalized recommendations in learning systems. This research presents an LSTM-based approach for generating appropriate learning recommendations. The proposed approach analyses the behavior of online learners and predicts their interests. The performance of the proposed approach will be validated by determining different performance metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score.
Alfvén waves in the solar wind: Wave pressure, poynting flux, and angular momentum

We consider three effects of Alfven waves propagating in the solar wind. (1) Modification of the angular momentum balance of the solar wind by Alfven waves in the presence of thermal anisotropy is considered. The Alfven waves are found to reduce the azimuthal velocity υϕ at 1 AU. This effect occurs because the Alfven waves are transverse and represent an additional component of the pressure perpendicular to the magnetic field. The effect is large if /B0² ≳ ⅓, and it is concluded that thermal anisotropy cannot be invoked to explain the large azimuthal velocity of the solar wind. (2) Modification of the angular momentum balance of the solar wind by Alfven waves by finite-wavelength (non-WKB) effects is considered. The Alfven waves reduce υϕ at 1 AU by reducing the heliocentric distance of the critical point that appears in the equation for υϕ. This effect occurs because the waves act like a Reynold's ‘viscosity,’ but the sign is such that the viscosity is negative, leading to antirotation of the solar wind. This effect is only important for waves with ω−1 ≳ 10 hours. (3) Finite-wavelength modifications of the wave pressure are considered. It is found that the wave pressure is reduced close to the sun. This effect is important near 2 RE for waves with ω−1 ≳ 2 hours.
Modulation of quantitative trait loci for Arabidopsis thaliana seed performance by the maternal and germination environment

The quality of seeds contributes to plant performance, especially during germination and in the young seedling stage, and hence affects the economic value of seed crops. A seed’s innate quality is determined during seed development and the following seed maturation phase. It is tightly controlled by the genetic make-up of the mother plant and further shaped by the environmental conditions of the mother plant. The interaction between genotype and environment can result in substantial quantitative variation in seed traits like dormancy and viability. Making use of naturally occurring variation within the Arabidopsis thaliana germplasm, we studied the interaction between seed production environments and the genetic architecture of mother plants on diverse seed quality traits. An Arabidopsis Bayreuth-0 x Shahdara recombinant inbred line (RIL) population was grown in four different seed production environments: high temperature, high light, low phosphate, and control conditions. The seeds harvested from the mother plants that were exposed to these environments from flowering until seed harvest were subsequently subjected to germination assays under standard and mild stress conditions (cold, heat, osmotic stress and added phytohormone ABA). Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis identified many environmental-sensitive QTLs (QTL x E) as well as several interactions between the maternal and germination environments. Variation in the number and position of the QTLs was largely determined by the germination conditions, however effects of the maternal environment were clearly present regarding the genomic location as well as significance of the individual QTLs. Together, our findings uncover the extensive environmental modulation of the genetic influence on seed performance and how this is shaped by the genetic make-up of the mother plant. Our data provides a systems-view of the complex genetic basis of genotype-by-environment interactions determining seed quality.
Gold nanoparticle mediated cell manipulation using fs and ps laser pulses for cell perforation and transfection

Manipulation of cells requires the delivery of membrane-impermeable substances like genetic materials or proteins into the cytoplasm. Thus delivery of molecules over the cell membrane barrier is one of the key technologies in molecular biology. Many techniques concerning especially the delivery foreign DNA have been developed. Notwithstanding there still is a range of applications where these standard techniques fail to raise the desired results due to low efficiencies, high toxicity or other safety issues. Especially the transfection of sensitive cell types like primary and stem cells can be problematic. Here we present an alternative, laser based technique to perforate the cell membrane and thus allowing efficient delivery of extra cellular molecules: Gold nanoparticles (GNP) are brought into close contact with the cell, were the laser-GNP interaction leads to membrane perforation. This allows the utilisation of a weakly focused laser beam leading to fast scanning of the sample and thus to a high throughput. To investigate the GNP-laser interaction in more detail we have compared membrane perforation obtained by different laser pulse lengths. From our results we assume strong light absorption for ps laser pulses and relatively small particles as the initiating perforation mechanism, whereas an enhanced near field scattering occurs at 200 nm GNP when using fs laser pulses. SEM and ESEM imaging were applied to give a deeper insight in the GNP-cell interaction and the effects of laser radiation on the GNP. Additionally dextran- FITC derivatives of varying sizes were used to investigate the impact of molecule size on delivery efficiency.
Rotational relaxation and excitation rates of hydrogen fluoride in collision with ortho- and para-H2

We report de-excitation (and excitation) rate coefficients based on previous time-independent close-coupling scattering calculations for the rotational transitions of the hydrogen fluoride (HF) induced by collision with the two nuclear spin isomers ortho- and para-H2. These calculations were realized with the use of a new global four-dimensional potential energy surface recently computed by our group. We consider transitions for HF rotational levels up to jHF= 7, and for H2 levels up to = 3 (ortho-H2) and = 2 (para-H2). Rates are calculated for a range of temperatures up to 150 K. Our results show a strong difference of behaviour between ortho-H2 and para-H2 and validate the much stronger efficiency for the quenching of HF in collision with H2 in comparison with He.
Some tests for parameter constancy in cointegrated VAR-models

Some methods for the evaluation of parameter constancy in cointegrated vector autoregressive (VAR) models are discussed. Two different ways of re-estimating the VAR-model are proposed; one in which all parameters are estimated recursively based upon the likelihood function for the first observations, and another in which the cointegrating relations are estimated recursively from a likelihood function, where the short-run parameters have been concentrated out. We suggest graphical procedures based on recursively estimated eigenvalues to evaluate the constancy of the long-run parameters in the model. Specifically, we look at the time paths of the eigenvalues using a new result on the asymptotic distribution of the estimated eigenvalues. Furthermore, we show that the fluctuation test by Ploberger et al. (1989) and the Lagrange multiplier (LM) type test for constancy of parameters by Nyblom (1989) can be applied to test the constancy of the long-run parameters in the cointegrated VAR-model. All results are illustrated using a model for the term structure of interest rates on US Treasury securities.
The motion of 180° domain walls in uniform dc magnetic fields

The equations of motion of a 180° domain wall in an infinite uniaxially anisotropic medium which is exposed to an instantaneously applied uniform dc magnetic field H0 have been integrated numerically. Below the critical field Hc =2παM0 (α is the Gilbert loss parameter and M0 the saturation magnetization), where a steady‐state solution is known to exist, it is shown that the wall motion tends smoothly to this solution. Above Hc, the magnetization precesses about the field and a periodic component appears in the forward motion of the wall. Analytic solutions for the wall motion have been found based upon approximations suggested by the computed behavior; these reproduce the computer results very accurately.
Fingering instability of a gravitationally driven contact line

Results of an experimental study of the flow of a viscous fluid down an inclined plane are presented. The contact line at the front of the flow is straight in the early stages of the flow, then becomes unstable to the formation of fingers. From measurements of the contact line position as a function of time for angles of inclination α in the range 0°<α≤32°, the flow is analyzed before and after the instability occurs, and the development of the finger pattern is parametrized.
DISTORTION PRODUCT EMISSIONS: WHERE DO THEY COME FROM?

The location from which distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) originate and the means by which they propagate back to the ear canal have been a rich source of discussion and controversy since DPOAEs were discovered. In order to shed light on the origins and means of propagation we show through modeling studies that data thought to support different hypotheses can be reconciled and emissions can originate from a wide range of cochlear locations. The contribution pattern of these distributed components at the stapes, however, can be complex and change with level and f2/f1 ratios. We also show that using basilar membrane group delay to estimate travel time from the generation site back to the stapes can lead to incorrect conclusions.
Scheduling doctors' appointments: optimal and empirically-based heuristic policies

Consider the problem facing a doctor (or other service provider) who is setting patient appointment times in the presence of random service times. He or she must balance the patients' waiting times (if the appointments are scheduled too closely together) against the doctor's idle time (if the appointments are spaced too far apart). Although this problem is fairly intractable, this paper uses the structure of the optimal solution as the basis for a simple closed-form heuristic for setting appointment times. Over a wide test bed of problems, this heuristic is shown to perform on average within 2% (and generally within 0.5%) of the optimal policy.
A new approach to two-dimensional pattern matching allowing errors

Given a text of size n/spl times/n and a pattern of size m/spl times/m, the exact matching is to find all occurrences of the pattern in the text, while the approximate matching is to find all the locations of m/spl times/m blocks in the text that differ by at most k mismatches. We present a new algorithm for exact matching, which runs in O(n/sup 2/ log|/spl Sigma/|), /spl Sigma/={a/sub 1/,a/sub 2/,. a/sub |/spl Sigma/|/} is the alphabet of the pattern, and for approximate matching, in O(n/sup 2/ log|/spl Sigma/|+hm/sup 2/), which consists of two stages. The first stage is to preselect h subblocks of size s/spl times/s, 0/spl les/s/spl les/m that exactly match the pattern. The second stage of verification compares the blocks containing these h subblocks to determine if the number of mismatches is less than k.
Approximate subdifferentials and applications II

We continue the study of approximate subdifferentials initiated in [3], this time for functions on arbitrary locally convex spaces. The complexity of the infinite dimensional theory is in particular determined by the fact that various approaches and definitions which are equivalent in the finite dimensional situation are, in general, no longer equivalent if the space is infinite dimensional.
Extended assimilation and forecast experiments with a four‐dimensional variational assimilation system

Results of four‐dimensional variational assimilations, 4D‐Var, in cycling mode, over a few two‐week assimilation periods are presented. 4D‐Var is implemented in its incremental formulation, with a high‐resolution model with the full physical parametrization package to compare the atmospheric states with the observations, and a low‐resolution model with simplified physics to minimize the cost‐function. The comparison of 4D‐Var using several assimilation windows (6, 12 and 24 hours) with 3D‐Var (the equivalent of 4D‐Var with no time‐dimension) over a two‐week period shows a clear benefit from using 4D‐Var over a 6 or 12—hour window compared to the static 3D‐Var scheme. It also exhibits some problems with the forecasts started using 4D‐Var over a 24‐hour window. The poorer performance of 4D‐Var over a relatively long assimilation window can be partly explained by the fact that, in these experiments, the tangent‐linear and adjoint models used in the minimization are only approximations of the assimilating model (having lower resolution and crude physics). The error these approximations introduce in the time evolution of a perturbation affects the convergence of the incremental 4D‐Var, with larger discontinuities in the values of the cost‐function when going from low to high resolution for longer assimilation windows. Additional experiments are performed comparing 4D‐Var using a 6‐hour window with the 3D‐Var system. Two additional 2‐week periods show a consistent improvement in extratropical forecast scores with the 4D‐Var system. The main 4D‐Var improvements occur in areas where the 3D‐Var errors were the largest. Local improvement can be as large as 35% for the root‐mean‐square of the 5‐day‐forecast error, averaged over a two‐week period. A comparison of key analysis errors shows that, indeed, 4D‐Var using a 6‐hour window is able to reduce substantially the amplitude of its fast‐growing error components. The overall fit to observations of analyses and short‐range forecasts from 3D‐Var and 4D‐Var is comparable. In active baroclinic areas, the fit of the background to the data is considerably better for the 4D‐Var system, resulting in smaller increments. It appears that in these areas (and in particular over the west Atlantic), 4D‐Var is able to better use the information contained in the observations. The ability of 4D‐Var to extrapolate some aircraft data in the vertical with a baroclinic tilt is illustrated. Problems exist in the tropics and mountainous areas due partly to a lack of physics in the tangent‐linear model. Possible improvements to the system (the introduction of more physics; better behaviour of the incremental approach owing to a line search at high resolution) are also discussed.
Exact solutions for the flow of Casson fluid over a stretching surface with transpiration and heat transfer effects

The effects of transpiration on forced convection boundary layer non-Newtonian fluid flow and heat transfer toward a linearly stretching surface are reported. The flow is caused solely by the stretching of the sheet in its own plane with a velocity varying linearly with the distance from a fixed point. The constitutive relationship for the Casson fluid is used. The governing partial differential equations corresponding to the momentum and energy equations are converted into non-linear ordinary differential equations by using similarity transformations. Exact solutions of the resulting ordinary differential equations are obtained. The effect of increasing Casson parameter, i.e., with decreasing yield stress (the fluid behaves as a Newtonian fluid as the Casson parameter becomes large), is to suppress the velocity field. However, the temperature is enhanced as the Casson parameter increases. It is observed that the effect of transpiration is to decrease the fluid velocity as well as the temperature. The skin-friction coefficient is found to increase as the transpiration parameter increases.
Automatic analysis of the slight change image for unsupervised change detection

Abstract. We propose an unsupervised method for slight change extraction and detection in multitemporal hyperspectral image sequence. To exploit the spectral signatures in hyperspectral images, autoregressive integrated moving average and fitting models are employed to create a prediction of single-band and multiband time series. Minimum mean absolute error index is then applied to obtain the preliminary change information image (PCII), which contains slight change information. After that, feature vectors are created for each pixel in the PCII using block processing and locally linear embedding. The final change detection (CD) mask is obtained by clustering the extracted feature vectors into changed and unchanged classes using k-means clustering algorithm with k=2. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method extracts the slight change information efficiently in the hyperspectral image sequence and outperforms the state-of-the-art CD methods quantitatively and qualitatively.