Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
La relación entre las herencias, regalos o loterías y la probabílidad de participar en el mercado laboral: El caso de España, 1994-2000

Este documento discute el efecto de la hipotesis de Camegie sobre la participacion laboral en un contexto dinamico. Los resultados muestran que las herencias, regalos o loterias disminuyen la participacion laboral. Por otro lado, este documento avanza en contrastar la hipotesis de exogeneidad en modelos probit dinamicos con efectos no observados.
LA-ICP MS zircon U-Pb dating for the hidden intrusions in the Lu-Zong Basin and its tectonic significance

The Luzong Mesozoic Volcanic Basin is located in the Middle-Lower Yangtze River fault-depression zone, which is located on the northern margin of the Yangtze Block. The volcanic and intrusive plutons occur widely in Luzong basin, including four groups of volcanic rocks, such as Longmenyuan Group, Zhuanqiao Group, Shuangmiao Group, and Fushan Group and 34 intrusive plutons. Based on former geochronology research of outcropped plutons, LA-ICP MS zircon U-Pb dating for the hidden intrusions such as Qingshuitang, Liudun, Qiaochong, Niutoushan and Lijiazhuang intrusions in the north of the Lu-Zong basin was carried out in this paper. These intrusions consist of monzonite and quartz syenite which contain a lot of K-feldspar. LA-ICP MS zircon U-Pb dating yield the ages of 133.21.4Ma, 131.3±1.3Ma, 131.0±1.4Ma, 131.2±1.2Ma and 130.9±1.2Ma for five intrusions, respectively. The results indicate that all the hidden intrusions in the north of Lu-Zong basin formed in the Early Cretaceous. These intrusions are characterized by relative high silica and alkalis, ascribed to metaluminous or peraluminous, moderate REE and strong Eu depletion with a slightly right-inclined sea-gull REE patterns. The data, together with other accuracy dating data of volcanic rocks and intermediate-acid high-K calc-alkalic plutons in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River area, support the hidden intrusions formed in a within-plate tensional tectonic environment. The results of the study are important for discussing the geodynamic settings of the hidden intrusions in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River area.
The May 29th 2008 earthquake aftershock sequence within the South Iceland Seimic Zone: Fault locations and source parameters of aftershocks

On May 29th 2008, two $M_w$ ∼6 earthquakes struck the western part of the South Iceland Seismic Zone. The first event was followed within seconds by a similar size event on a second fault ∼5 km further west. Earthquakes, detected by a temporary network of 11 seismometers and three permanent SIL-network stations were located using an automated Coalescence Microseismic Mapping technique. The epicenters delineate two major and several smaller N–S faults as well as an E–W zone of activity stretching further west into the Reykjanes Peninsula Rift Zone. Fault plane solutions show right lateral strike slip mechanisms along the two major N–S faults and suggest both smaller N–S right-lateral strike slip faults further west as well as an E–W zone of left lateral strike slip fault. The aftershocks deepen from 3–5 km in the north to 8–9 km in the south, suggesting that the main faults dip southwards. A brief increase in aftershock seismicity is most likely caused by short-term static stress buildup on adjacent faults. The faulting is interpreted to be driven by the local stress due to transform motion between two parallel segments of the divergent plate boundary crossing Iceland.
Fluoride Varnish in Dentistry: A Bibliometric Analysis of the 100 Most-Cited Papers

A highly cited paper is a milestone and might impact research and clinical practice. The present study analyzed the 100 most-cited papers on fluoride varnishes in dentistry. A search was performed on July 20, 2022, on the Web of Science Core Collection. Two independent researchers extracted the following data: number and citation density; year and journal of publication; study design; main topic; authors; institutions; keywords; countries and continents. Scopus and Google Scholar were consulted to compare the number of citations. Bibliometric networks were generated in the VOSviewer. The number of citations ranged from 36 to 351, and thirteen papers were cited more than 100 times. The papers were published between 1977 and 2018, most of which were published after 2008 (48%). The most prevalent journal was Caries Research (17%). Intervention studies were the most common design (41%). The most discussed topics were dental caries prevention (48%) and dental remineralization (31%). Europe was the continent with the highest number of publications (46%), mainly from Sweden (14%), and Umea University had the most substantial number of studies (8%). Petersson L.G. was the author with more papers in the top 100 (6%). The most used keywords were “dental caries” (34%) and “fluoride varnish” (31%). It can be concluded that the top 100 cited papers on fluoride varnish primarily originated from Europe, with the majority consisting of intervention studies focusing on the utilization of fluoride varnish for the prevention of dental caries.
Contribution of Lipoprotein(a) to Polygenic Risk Prediction of Coronary Artery Disease: A Prospective UK Biobank Analysis

Background: Lp(a) (lipoprotein[a]) is a highly atherogenic lipoprotein subfraction that may contribute to polygenic risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), but the extent of this contribution is unknown. Our objective was to estimate the contribution of Lp(a) to polygenic risk of CAD and to evaluate the respective contributions of Lp(a) and a CAD polygenic risk score (PRS) to CAD. Methods: A total of 372 385 UK Biobank participants of European ancestry free of CAD at baseline were included. Plasma Lp(a) levels were measured and a CAD-PRS was calculated using the LDpred2 algorithm. Over the median follow-up of 12.6 years, 13 538 participants had incident CAD (myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass grafting, or coronary angioplasty). Results: The LPA region contribution to the CAD-PRS-mediated CAD risk was modest (7.2% [95% CI, 6.1–8.3]). Lp(a) levels significantly increased the predictive performance of a CAD-PRS including age and sex in Cox regression (C statistic 0.751 versus 0.746, difference, 0.005 [95% CI, 0.004–0.006]). Compared with participants in the bottom CAD-PRS quintile with Lp(a) levels <25 nmol/L (CAD event rate, 1.4%), the hazard ratio for incident CAD in participants in the top CAD-PRS quintile with Lp(a) levels ≥125 nmol/L was 5.45 (95% CI, 4.93–6.03; P=9.35×10-242, CAD event rate 6.6%). Conclusions: Compared with individuals with a low genetic risk of CAD (low CAD-PRS and low Lp[a] levels), those with a high genetic risk (high CAD-PRS and high Lp[a] levels) had a 5-fold higher CAD risk. These results highlight a substantial contribution of genetic risk factors to CAD and that accurate estimation of genetic risk of CAD may need to consider blood levels of Lp(a).
Optimal tests to minimise bleeding and ischaemic complications in patients on short-term mechanical circulatory support

Patients receiving left-sided mechanical circulatory support (MCS) require systemic anticoagulation with unfractionated heparin (UFH) to prevent clotting of the circuit and reduce the risk of arterial thrombosis. With MCS, there is a very high frequency of bleeding and ischaemic complications, including stroke and systemic embolism. Monitoring of UFH can be very challenging. Whilst most centres routinely monitor the activated clotting time, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and fibrinogen to assess haemostasis, there is no clear guidance available regarding the optimal test. Additional tests, including antithrombin level, anti-factor Xa assay and thromboelastography can be used for risk stratification of patients to try and predict the risks of thrombosis and bleeding. Each has their specific role, strengths and limitations. Measurement of anti-Xa level best correlates with heparin dose, and appears predictive of circuit thrombosis, although aPTT is a better predictor of bleeding. Increased thrombin generation may have a role in predicting thrombosis. Acquired von Willebrand syndrome is frequent with MCS, contributing to bleeding risk and can be detected by assessing the von Willebrand factor activity to antigen ratio, whilst the Platelet Function Analyzer can be used in urgent situations with high negative predictive value. Tests of platelet aggregation can aid the prediction bleeding. A selection of complementary tests to collectively assess heparin-effect, coagulation, platelet function and platelet aggregation is recommended to personalise management and thereby optimise outcomes in patients receiving MCS. Corresponding Author: Diana A Gorog, Imperial College, Cardiology, NHLI Campus, SW3 6LY London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, d.gorog@imperial.ac. uk Affiliations: Rahim Kanji, E&N Hertfordshire NHS Trust, Cardiology, Hatfield, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Christophe Vandenbriele, KU Leuven University Hospitals Leuven, Cardiovascular Disease, Leuven, Belgium Deepa Arachchillage, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Haematology, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland [. ] Diana A Gorog, E&N Hertfordshire NHS Trust, Cardiology, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Submission Date: 2021-01-29 Accepted Date: 2021-05-12 Publication Date: Ac ce pt ed M an us cr ip t Th is a rt ic le is p ro te ct ed b y co py rig ht . A ll rig ht s re se rv ed . T hi s do cu m en t w as d ow nl oa de d fo r pe rs on al u se o nl y. U na ut ho riz ed d is tr ib ut io n is s tr ic tly p ro hi bi te d. 2021-05-13
Show-1: Marrying Pixel and Latent Diffusion Models for Text-to-Video Generation

Significant advancements have been achieved in the realm of large-scale pre-trained text-to-video Diffusion Models (VDMs). However, previous methods either rely solely on pixel-based VDMs, which come with high computational costs, or on latent-based VDMs, which often struggle with precise text-video alignment. In this paper, we are the first to propose a hybrid model, dubbed as Show-1, which marries pixel-based and latent-based VDMs for text-to-video generation. Our model first uses pixel-based VDMs to produce a low-resolution video of strong text-video correlation. After that, we propose a novel expert translation method that employs the latent-based VDMs to further upsample the low-resolution video to high resolution. Compared to latent VDMs, Show-1 can produce high-quality videos of precise text-video alignment; Compared to pixel VDMs, Show-1 is much more efficient (GPU memory usage during inference is 15G vs 72G). We also validate our model on standard video generation benchmarks. Our code and model weights are publicly available at https://github.com/showlab/Show-1.
Efficient Exact Subgraph Matching via GNN-based Path Dominance Embedding (Technical Report)

The classic problem of exact subgraph matching returns those subgraphs in a large-scale data graph that are isomorphic to a given query graph, which has gained increasing importance in many real-world applications such as social network analysis, knowledge graph discovery in the Semantic Web, bibliographical network mining, and so on. In this paper, we propose a novel and effective graph neural network (GNN)-based path embedding framework (GNN-PE), which allows efficient exact subgraph matching without introducing false dismissals. Unlike traditional GNN-based graph embeddings that only produce approximate subgraph matching results, in this paper, we carefully devise GNN-based embeddings for paths, such that: if two paths (and 1-hop neighbors of vertices on them) have the subgraph relationship, their corresponding GNN-based embedding vectors will strictly follow the dominance relationship. With such a newly designed property of path dominance embeddings, we are able to propose effective pruning strategies based on path label/dominance embeddings and guarantee no false dismissals for subgraph matching. We build multidimensional indexes over path embedding vectors, and develop an efficient subgraph matching algorithm by traversing indexes over graph partitions in parallel and applying our pruning methods. We also propose a cost-model-based query plan that obtains query paths from the query graph with low query cost. Through extensive experiments, we confirm the efficiency and effectiveness of our proposed GNN-PE approach for exact subgraph matching on both real and synthetic graph data.
Graduation tables: a proposal for a demographic analysis of educational indicators in Brazil

Demographic censuses usually contain information about a graded education system, i.e. age and grade declarations. This information can be used to estimate a series of indicators, useful for diagnostics and prognostics of the educational system. One of the principal goals of this paper is to provide a new technical framework to forecast population by levels of schooling, in a country or region. It follows in the tradition of formal demographic methodologies used in analyzing and projecting population, such as Life Tables. Thus, one could study the probable social consequences of the implementation of any educational policies related to promotion and retention practices, over the medium and long runs. The methodological procedures were applied to the five Brazilian Regions, although it could be applied to other countries or regions that have the information of grades concluded by age.
Overcoming the Fear of the Dark: Occlusion-Aware Model-Predictive Planning for Automated Vehicles Using Risk Fields

As vehicle automation advances, motion planning algorithms face escalating challenges in achieving safe and efficient navigation. Existing Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) primarily focus on basic tasks, leaving unexpected scenarios for human intervention, which can be error-prone. Motion planning approaches for higher levels of automation in the state-of-the-art are primarily oriented toward the use of risk- or anti-collision constraints, using over-approximates of the shapes and sizes of other road users to prevent collisions. These methods however suffer from conservative behavior and the risk of infeasibility in high-risk initial conditions. In contrast, our work introduces a novel multi-objective trajectory generation approach. We propose an innovative method for constructing risk fields that accommodates diverse entity shapes and sizes, which allows us to also account for the presence of potentially occluded objects. This methodology is integrated into an occlusion-aware trajectory generator, enabling dynamic and safe maneuvering through intricate environments while anticipating (potentially hidden) road users and traveling along the infrastructure toward a specific goal. Through theoretical underpinnings and simulations, we validate the effectiveness of our approach. This paper bridges crucial gaps in motion planning for automated vehicles, offering a pathway toward safer and more adaptable autonomous navigation in complex urban contexts.
Ribosome-binding antibiotics increase bacterial longevity and growth efficiency

Significance It is often assumed that antibiotics are detrimental to bacterial lifestyles. While there is literature describing alternative perspectives on the function of antibiotics, this belief has likely perpetuated because of the limited way laboratory tests are designed for antibiotic function whereby short-term growth inhibition assays are the norm, by far. We take a different approach and show, using long-term assays, that some antibiotic classes can benefit bacteria in several ways that we summarize: Thus, ribosome-binding antibiotics benefit bacteria by alleviating stress and helping mitigate population decline during death phases, maintaining bacterial populations at higher densities for longer compared to untreated populations.
Tensor-valued and frequency-dependent diffusion MRI and magnetization transfer saturation MRI evolution during adult mouse brain maturation

Although rodent models are a predominant study model in neuroscience research, research investigating healthy rodent brain maturation remains limited. This motivates further study of normal brain maturation in rodents to exclude confounds of developmental changes from interpretations of disease mechanisms. 11 C57Bl/6 mice (6 males) were scanned longitudinally at 3, 4, 5, and 8 months of age using frequency-dependent and tensor-valued diffusion MRI (dMRI), and Magnetization Transfer saturation (MTsat) MRI. Total kurtosis showed significant increases over time in all regions, which was driven by increases in isotropic kurtosis while anisotropic kurtosis remained stable. Increases in total and isotropic kurtosis with age were matched with increases in MTsat. Quadratic fits revealed that most metrics show a maximum/minimum around 5-6 months of age. Most dMRI metrics revealed significantly different trajectories between males and females, while the MT metrics did not. Linear fits between kurtosis and MT metrics highlighted that changes in total kurtosis found throughout normal brain development are driven by isotropic kurtosis, while differences in total kurtosis between brain regions are driven by anisotropic kurtosis. Overall, the trends observed in conventional dMRI and MT metrics are comparable to previous studies on normal brain development, while the trajectories of our more advanced dMRI metrics provide novel insight. Based on the developmental trajectories of tensor-valued dMRI and MT metrics, our results suggest myelination during brain maturation is not a main contributor to microscopic diffusion anisotropy and anisotropic kurtosis in axons. For studies that only calculate total kurtosis, we suggest caution in attributing neurobiological changes to changes in total kurtosis as we show here constant anisotropic kurtosis in the presence of increasing myelin content.
Creating and Maintaining a Secure and Safe Environment on a Challenged Civilian University Campus in Papua New Guinea

Abstract The article introduces the challenges of maintaining effective security (of both personnel and property) on a 220 hectare rural/suburban University campus, The Papua New Guinea University of Technology, located on the outskirts of Lae, the second-largest city in Papua New Guinea, serves as its main port and manufacturing hub. Since the Independence of Papua New Guinea in 1975, the city of Lae, the University (of approximately 3000 students, and 1500 academic, technical, and administrative and staff) and its surrounding communities have faced increasing pressing security issues, some caused by internal (on campus) and others by external (off campus) factors. After a long, politically motivated student boycott in 2016 (which ended up with destruction of varied University properties and the death of a student), the University has endeavoured to create a safe campus environment by employing quantitative modelling predictive techniques, cost-effective technologies and appropriate social-psychological insights aimed at transcending extant tribal mindsets (the country is noted for having over 800 tribes and languages across its widely space geography of 462,840 Km and approximately 7 million population). Tribal conflict is a constant concern for the police and governing authorities, an inhibitor of balanced social and economic development of the resource-rich country.
Global Infrastructure: The Potential of SRTM Data to Break New Ground

This paper evolved out of a Global Infrastructure Mapping workshop organized by CIESIN of the Columbia Earth Institute and by NASA/JPL of the California Institute of Technology, held at Columbia University, New York, on 4-5 October 2000. The research by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, was carried out under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Partial funding for the workshop was provided by the NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC) under contract NAS598162 to Columbia University.
Major distinctions between the two oligopeptide permease systems of Bacillus subtilis with respect to signaling, development and evolutionary divergence

Oligopeptide-permeases (Opps) are used by bacteria to import short peptides. In addition to their metabolic benefit, imported short peptides are used in many Gram-positive bacteria as signalling molecules of the RRNPP super-family of quorum-sensing systems, making Opps an integral part of cell–cell communication. In some Gram-positive bacteria there exist multiple Opps and the relative importance of those to RRNPP quorum sensing are not fully clear. Specifically, in Bacillus subtilis , the Gram-positive model species, there exist two homologous oligopeptide permeases named Opp and App. Previous work showed that the App system is mutated in lab strain 168 and its recovery partially complements an Opp mutation for several developmental processes. Yet, the nature of the impact of App on signalling and development in wild-type strains, where both permeases are active was not studied. Here we re-examine the impact of the two permease systems. We find that App has a minor contribution to biofilm formation, surfactin production and phage infection compared to the effect of Opp. This reduced effect is also reflected in its lower ability to import the signals of four different Rap-Phr RRNPP systems. Further analysis of the App system revealed that, unlike Opp, some App genes have undergone horizontal transfer, resulting in two distinct divergent alleles of this system in B. subtilis strains. We found that both alleles were substantially better adapted than the Opp system to import an exogenous RRNPP signal of the Bacillus cereus group PlcR-PapR system. In summary, we find that the App system has only a minor role in signalling but may still be crucial for the import of other peptides.
Health-related quality-of-life in treatment-naive CLL/SLL patients treated with zanubrutinib versus bendamustine plus rituximab

Abstract Objective Zanubrutinib is a highly selective, next-generation Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitor. In the phase 3 SEQUOIA trial (NCT03336333), treatment with zanubrutinib resulted in significantly improved progression-free survival compared to bendamustine plus rituximab (BR) in adult patients with treatment-naïve chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) without del(17p). The current analysis compared the effects of zanubrutinib versus BR on patients’ health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL). Methods In the SEQUOIA trial, patient-reported outcomes (PROs) were assessed at baseline and every 12 weeks (3 cycles) using the EORTC QLQ-C30 and EQ-5D-5L. Descriptive analyses were performed on all the questionnaires’ scales and a mixed model for repeated measures was performed using the key QLQ-C30 endpoints of global health status/QoL (GHS/QoL), physical and role functioning, and symptoms of fatigue, pain, diarrhea, and nausea/vomiting at weeks 12 and 24. Results Compared with BR-treated patients, those in the zanubrutinib arm experienced greater improvements in HRQoL outcomes at both weeks 12 and 24. By week 24, mean change differences (95% confidence interval) between the arms were significant for GHS/QoL (4.9 [0.9, 9.0]), physical functioning (3.8 [0.8, 6.7]), diarrhea (−6.2 [−10.0, −2.5]), fatigue (−4.5 [−8.9, −0.1]), and nausea/vomiting (−4.5 [−8.9, −0.1]); role functioning (4.8 [−0.2, 9.7]) was marginally better in the zanubrutinib arm and there were no differences in pain symptoms (−0.4 [−4.3, 5.1]) between the arms. Conclusions During the first 24 weeks of treatment, zanubrutinib was associated with better HRQoL outcomes in patients with treatment-naive CLL/SLL without del(17p) compared to BR. Trial registration The SEQUOIA trial is registered on clinicaltrials.gov as SEQUOIA trial (NCT03336333).