Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Responses of the photosynthetic characteristics and chloroplast ultrastructure of Welsh onion (Allium fistulosum L.) to different LED light qualities

Background: The optimized illumination of plants using light-emitting diodes (LEDs) is beneficial to theirphotosynthetic performance. Because of this, in recent years LEDs have been widely used in horticultural facilities. However, there are significant differences in the responses of different crops to light quality. The influence of light quality on photosynthesis needs to be further explored to provide theoretical guidance for the adjustment of the light environment in industrial crop production. This study tested the effects of different qualities of LED lighting (white, W; blue, B; green, G; yellow, Y; and red, R) with the sama photon flux density (300 μmol/m2·s) on the growth and development, photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics, leaf structure, and chloroplast ultrastructure of Welsh onion (Allium fistulosum L.) plants. Results: The results showed that the plant height, leaf area, and fresh weight of plants in the W and B treatments were significantly higher than those in the other treatments. The photosynthetic pigment content and net photosynthetic ratein the W treatment were significantly higher than those in the monochromatic light treatments, while the transpiration rate (E) and stomatal conductance (Gs) were the highest in the B treatment, and the intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) was the highest in the Y treatment. Among the chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics tested, the non-photochemical quenching coefficient (NPQ) was the highest in the Y treatment, while the maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (PSII) under dark adaptation (Fv/Fm), maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII under light adaptation (Fv'/Fm'), photochemical quenching coefficient (qP), actual photochemical efficiency (ΦPSII), and apparent electron transport rate (ETR) all differed among treatments in the following order: W > B > R > G > Y. Both leaf structure and chloroplast ultrastructure showed the most complete development in the B treatment. Conclusions: In summary, in addition to W light, B light significantly improved the photosynthetic efficiency of Welsh onion, whereas Y light significantly reduced the photosynthetic efficiency of this plant.
Relationship between number of teeth and positioning accuracy on cylindrical magnetic gear

A magnetic gear can transmit a torque and a motion without the contact by the magnetic force. Today a magnetic gear are studied about increasing transmit torque and decreasing cogging torque. The property of the positioning is another significant property in use of a motion transmission by magnetic gears. Therefore it is important to measure the positioning property. The purpose of this research is to check the relationship between the number of the magnet of the gear and positioning property. Then we have developed three types of gear which have a different number of teeth severally. By using the developed three types of gear, the average and the standard deviation are calculated from experimental results. We reveal the influence of the number of the teeth to positioning property in several operation conditions.
Review of the Environmental Goods and Services Sector in Hertfordshire

Executive Summary This report summarizes the findings of a study funded by a Vice Chancellor's Grant in the Social Sciences, Arts and Humanities. The study focuses on the Environmental Goods and Services (EGS) Industry. This sector is very important both for its role in contributing to economic growth, and for its contribution in reducing the effects of economic activity on the environment, including for example global warming. Extensive secondary research has been carried out on the EGS sector; primary research has also been carried out. This consisted in surveying a sample of 32 Business Managers at EGS companies based in Hertfordshire. The EGS is estimated to have a World market value of $550 billion in 2001, up from $484 billion in 1998. This market was expected to reach a value of $620Bn by 2005. The market size for the UK was just above £25Bn in the UK in 2004, up from £16Bn in 2001, while the market size for the East of England was £7.2Bn in 2004. The sector is in rapid growth, with some estimates of the rate of growth as high as 20% pa. The sector employs around 400,000 people in the UK, of which 48,000 circa in the East of England, and is composed of circa 17,000 companies, of which 2,139 in the East of England, on a par with the aerospace and defence sectors. The problem in characterizing this industry is that it is very diverse, spanning numerous industrial classifications. Legislation, both national and EU, is set to play an important role to promote industry demand. Regulations need to be supported by a matching economic policy. This paper adopts a simplified segmentation model of the industry consisting of five broad segments: Environmental engineering sector; The HE sector has a unique role in the research and development of new sustainable processes, technologies and products, either through developing new technologies autonomously and then " spinning them off " by setting up new businesses or developing them in collaboration with businesses. This report suggests that the EGS sector has several gaps in performance which prevent it from developing further. These gaps in performance are in areas such as strategy, marketing, human resource management (HRM), International trade and IT. devise support packages for the industry including, for example, financial incentives, advice, training and other support to address the weaknesses identified in the sector; • Business Schools, and in particular UHBS, …
tßh mutant flies walk slower and deviate less from stripes in Buridan's paradigm

A. Buridan’s paradigm. The platform in the middle of the arena is surrounded by water and illuminated with bright white light from behind. Two black opposite stripes are fixed to the arena wall. The centroid position of the fly was recorded by custom tracking software. All data are obtained from 5 min of uninterrupted walk. Data were analyzed using CeTrAn v.4. B. Flies. tshnM18 mutant and their genetic background control w+ (Schwaerzel et al., 2003) are crossed with CantonS wild type (P). One to two days old male flies were CO2-anesthetized (F1) and their wings were clipped at two thirds of their length. The flies recovered in the food vials overnight. Individuals were captured using a fly aspirator and transferred into the experimental setup on the center of the platform. The platform was cleaned with 70% ethanol after each experiment to minimize nonspecific effects. C. Mean of walking speed. A median of walking speed (traveled distance over time) was calculated for each fly. The mean of all flies is depicted in the graphs ± standard error of the mean. The tsh mutant males walk significantly slower than the wild type males (Welch Two-Sample t-Test, p = 2*10-8). D. Stripe deviation quantifies fixation behavior. It corresponds to the angle between the velocity vector and a vector pointing from the fly position towards the center of the stripe in front of the fly. Data are depicted as medians (bar), the 75%- and 25%-quartiles (box), and total data range (whiskers) excluding outliers outside the 1.5 times the interquartile range (points). Stripe deviation is significantly smaller in tsh mutant males compared to controls (Wilcoxon rank sum test, p = 4*10-10), meaning they fixated the stripes better than control flies. Numbers inside the graphs indicate the sample size. For methodological details see Colomb et al. (2012). References: Colomb, J., Reiter, L. , Blaszkiewicz, J., Wessnitzer, J., & Brembs, B. (2012). Open source tracking and analysis of adult Drosophila locomotion in Buridan’s paradigm with and without visual targets. PloS One, 7(8), e42247. doi:10.1371/journal.pone. 0042247 Schwaerzel, M. , Monastirioti, M. , Scholz, H. , Friggi-Grelin, F. , Birman, S. , & Heisenberg, M. (2003). Dopamine and octopamine differentiate between aversive and appetitive olfactory memories in Drosophila. The Journal of Neuroscience : The Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 23(33), 10495–502.
Short-range Wireless Communication: Fundamentals of RF System Design and Application

Contents Preface to the First Edition Preface to the Second Edition Whats on the CD-ROM? Using the Worksheets Worksheet Descriptions Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1 Historical Perspective 1.2 Reasons for the Spread of Wireless Applications 1.3 Characteristics of Short-range Radio 1.4 Elements of Wireless Communication Systems 1.5 Summary Chapter 2: Radio Propagation 2.1 Mechanisms of Radio Wave Propagation 2.2 Open Field Propagation 2.3 Diffraction 2.4 Scattering 2.5 Path Loss 2.6 Multipath Phenomena 2.7 Flat Fading 2.8 Diversity Techniques 2.9 Noise 2.10 Summary Appendix 2-A Maxwells Equations Chapter 3: Antennas and Transmission Lines 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Antenna Characteristics 3.3 Types of Antennas 3.4 Impedance Matching 3.5 Measuring Techniques 3.6 Summary Chapter 4: Communication Protocols and Modulation 4.1 Baseband Data Format and Protocol 4.2 Baseband Coding 4.3 RF Frequency and Bandwidth 4.4 Modulation 4.5 RFID 4.6 Summary Chapter 5: Transmitters 5.1 RF Source 5.2 Modulation 5.3 Amplifiers 5.4 Filtering 5.5 Antenna 5.6 Summary Chapter 6: Receivers 6.1 Tuned Radio Frequency (TRF) 6.2 Superregenerative Receiver 6.3 Superheterodyne Receiver 6.4 Direct Conversion Receiver 6.5 Digital Receivers 6.6 Repeaters 6.7 Summary Chapter 7: Radio System Design 7.1 Range 7.2 Sensitivity 7.3 Finding Range from Sensitivity 7.4 Superheterodyne Image and Spurious Response 7.5 Intermodulation Distortion and Dynamic Range 7.6 Demodulation 7.7 Internal Receiver Noise 7.8 Transmitter Design 7.9 Bandwidth 7.10 Antenna Directivity 7.11 The Power Source 7.12 Summary Chapter 8: System Implementation 8.1 Wireless Modules 8.2 Systems on a Chip 8.3 Large Scale Subsystems 8.4 Summary Chapter 9: Regulations and Standards 9.1 FCC Regulations 9.2 Test Method for Part 15 9.3 European Radiocommunication Regulations 9.4 The European Union Electromagnetic Compatibility Requirements 9.5 Standards in the United Kingdom 9.6 Japanese Low Power Standards 9.7 Non-Governmental Standards Appendix 9-A Terms and Definitions (FCC Part 2) Appendix 9-B Nomenclature for Defining Emission, Modulation and Transmission (FCC Part 2) Necessary Bandwidth Class of Emission Appendix 9-C Restricted Frequencies and Field Strength Limits from Section 15.205 of FCC Rules and Regulations Chapter 10: Introduction to Information Theory 10.1 Probability 10.2 Information Theory 10.3 Summary Chapter 11: Applications and Technologies 11.1 Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN) 11.2 Bluetooth 11.3 Zigbee 11.4 Conflict and Compatibility 11.5 Ultra-wideband Technology 11.6 Summary Abbreviations References and Bibliography Index
Communicating effectively across the cultural barrier : a cross-cultural study of the Sydney and Atlanta hotel industries

This study aimed to look at the importance of cultural awareness across the hospitality industry as a whole and the industry's response to this issue. The research set out three hypotheses based on one main research question. The research question postulated was: What guest services are Sydney and Atlanta hoteliers providing to meet the needs of guests from different cultural backgrounds? The research was carried out using a descriptive qualitative research design, additionally a cross-sectional time frame was used. The research was conducted within the hotel population in Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America, and in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The research was completed through the use of a mail-questionnaire, however there was a relatively small sample size and a low response rate. The average hotel that responded to the questionnaires were three star properties located in the city centre or suburbs with an average of one hundred rooms, and an average occupancy rate of between sixty and eighty percent over the previous twelve months. The data was analysed using SPSS to calculate frequency distribution and percentages, cross­ tabulations, chi-square tests, and correlations. The analysed data showed that hoteliers ranked the issue of cultural awareness as important to the hospitality industry, thus hypothesis one was accepted. However further analysis showed that hoteliers' beliefs are not affected by the grade of the property to which they are attached. The analysed data showed that even though the majority of hoteliers provided less than four of the listed facilities to their guests, there was a positive relationship between the perceived importance of cultural awareness by hoteliers and the level of the facilities that are provided by the hoteliers, and therefore hypothesis two can be accepted. Furthermore the data revealed that there is no relationship between the star grading that a hotel has achieved and the level of facilities that they provide.
Correlation of Age, Sex, and Symptoms to Number of Problematic Joints in Children with Idiopathic Juvenile Arthritis

Background: Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) is a rare case in Asia, including Indonesia. Objective: Analyze the correlation between age, sex, and symptoms on the number of joint problems in children with JIA symptoms. Methods: This study used a retrospective design from January 2016 to December 2019. The data collecting in this study was included age, sex, symptoms, and the number of joint problems. The analysis used was multiple linear regression with p <0.05. Results: The correlation between sex ( β = 0.015; 95% CI -0.002 – 0.002; p = 0.916), age ( β = 0.015; 95% CI -0.197 – 0.291; p = 0.916) to the number of joint problems was not significant. While, the correlation between symptoms and the number of joints with problems was significant, which included swelling ( β = 1.012; 95% CI 0.243 – 1.782; p = 0.011), fever (β = 1.000; 95% CI 0.082 – 1.918; p = 0.034), and pain. ( β = 0.931; 95% CI 0.082 – 1.918; p = 0.007). Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between symptoms and the number of problem joints while age and sex are not significant.
Les big data et la relation client

Together with the shift of trade towards digitalisation, the consumers are led to produce a large amount of digital traces (ie: big data) which are the signs of their consumption practices. These big data occure to be an important source of information that can potentially improve the performance of merchants' predictions about consumers behaviors. These digital traces must allow the merchants to better understand and guide the customers' activities. Thus, are the big data not acting as a force of control and prescription? To answer this question, we propose to explore how big data organizing practices of actors are involved in market exchange. The objective of this article is less to demystify power handling often attributed to these data than to update their power documentation.
Clostridium Botulinum: A Practical Approach to the Organism and Its Control in Foods

Foreword. 1 Background. 2 Outbreaks: causes and lessons to be learnt. 3 Factors affecting growth and survival of Clostridium botulinum. 4 Industry focus: control of Clostridium botulinum. 5 Industry action and reaction. 6 Test methods. 7 The future. Glossary of terms. References. Index.
Kognitivno-vedenjska terapija depresivne motnje pri otrocih in mladostnikih

Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) has emerged as a recognized therapeutic method for treating depression in children and adolescents. This article examines the use of CBT for the treatment of depression in children and adolescents. It provides some basic theoretical concepts along with the description of the symptoms of depression in different developmental stages, the description of the therapeutic plan and goals, the description of the key and effective CBT techniques, which are used with children and adolescents with depression. The issue of evaluating suicidality is also presented. In view of the fact that nowadays we know much more about depressive disorder in children and adolescents than we did in the past, and that we are aware of the prevalence of this disorder, it is important to be acquainted with some theoretical and practical guidelines regarding CBT that can provide us with opportunities for our own professional experience and therapeutic success.
Austeritätspolitik in Estland: Die Reaktionen Der Wähler Auf Die Genommene Sparmassnahmen Während Der Finanz- Und Wirtschaftskrise 2008-2011 (Implementing Successful Austerity Policy without Negative Reactions from Voters: Estonian Experience in 2008-2011)

German Abstract: Wahrend der Wirtschaftskrise mussen die Regierungen vor allem das fundamentale Dilemma zwischen der politischen und wirtschaftlichen Rationalitat uber­winden. In Krisenzeit fallt es der Regierung aber schwer, gleichzeitig nachhaltige Wirtschaft und politische Popularitat zu erreichen, weil die politische Popularitat von kurzfristiger Krisen­losung und wirtschaftliche Nachhaltigkeit von langfristigen strategischen Entscheidungen abhangig sind. Die vorliegende Studie fokussiert sich auf die Grunde, warum im Fall von Estland die bei der Regierung genommenen Sparmasnahmen keine sichtbaren Aus­wirkungen auf das Wahlver­halten der Bevolkerung zu beobachten sind. Allgemein gesehen unternimmt sie den Versuch, die Grunde zu erklaren, ob Estland in der Zukunft Europa seine spezifische Erfahrungen zur Verfugung stellen kann, um gleichzeitig die Wirtschaftslage der Krisenlander zu verbessern und die politische Stabilitat herzu­stellen, oder darstellt der Erfolg der estnischen Regierungsparteien bei den Wahlen ein seltsames Phanomen, das auf die anderen Staaten nicht auszudehnen ist. English Abstract: During the latest global financial crisis, austerity as a concept has been described as the best possible and inevitable solution to achieve fiscal consolidation in Europe and in the euro zone. But even considering austerity as an economically rational measure, the politicians of most EU member states’ have introduced the austerity measures only to a limited extent or have chosen less stressful and politically less risky strategies. Estonian politicians, having earlier shock therapy experience from the years of re-independence, were among few European governments, who decided to adopt austerity measures with its economic and social consequences. Against all theoretical and rhetorical expectations they remained in power. The aim of the article is to analyze why austerity has not triggered negative political reaction of citizens, as expected in theoretical models as well feared by politicians, and was it caused by specific socio-cultural factors or well-planned strategy of government.
Commercial Motor Vehicle Driver Safety Belt Usage

This synthesis will be useful to commercial vehicle operators, federal and state agencies, and others interested in improving commercial vehicle safety. The report identifies and documents (1) motivating factors that influence commercial motor vehicle (CMV) drivers in deciding whether to wear safety belts and (2) research and practices that address CMV safety belt usage. It also offers a review of ergonomic and human engineering factors in the design and use of safety belts in CMVs as well as approaches to facilitate safety belt use by truck manufacturers. The information for this synthesis was obtained through a review of relevant literature; a survey of commercial truck and bus fleet managers; focus group discussions with CMV drivers; and visits to a number of CMV original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) to examine installation of current safety belt designs and approaches used in new CMVs. This synthesis was prepared in support of the U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration's Commercial Motor Vehicle Safety Belt Partnership, which is conducting outreach activities to promote safety belt use and participating in and implementing safety belt-related research.
A Computational Hybrid Method for Self-Intersection Free Offsetting of CAD Geometry

A Computational Hybrid Method for Self-Intersection Free Offsetting of CAD Geometry Garrett Bodily Department of Mechanical Engineering, BYU Master of Science Surface offsetting is a valuable tool used in Computer Aided Design (CAD). An offset surface is a collection of points that are at a constant distance from another surface. An offset surface is created in CAD by selecting a surface and then specifying the distance that the surface is to be offset. If a surface is selected and a distance of D is specified, then the resulting offset surface should always be distance D from the original surface. The surface offset tool can be used for many applications. Modeling of composites or other layered manufacturing processes rely heavily on offset surfaces. Thin walled parts such as injection molded components are often modeled using the offset tool. Coating processes can also be modeled using the offset tool. Modern CAD systems have surface offsetting tools and are widely used throughout industry. However, CAD systems often fail to produce valid results. The process of surface offsetting can often result in surface self-intersections as well as surface degeneracies. Selfintersections and degeneracies make the surfaces invalid because they are physically impossible to create and CAD systems cannot use these invalid surfaces to represent solid bodies. The surface offset tool is therefore, one of the most challenging CAD tools to implement. The process of avoiding, detecting and removing surface self-intersections is extremely challenging. Much research in the field of CAD is dedicated to the detection and removal of surface selfintersections. However, the methods proposed in the literature all suffer from robustness problems. The purpose of this research is to introduce a method that creates valid offset surfaces and does not suffer from the problem of creating surface self-intersections. This method uses a numerical approach that approximates the offset surface and avoids all self-intersections. Because no selfintersections are created, the method does not require intersection tests of any kind. The value of this method is demonstrated by comparing its results with results from leading CAD systems.
Sugarcane Yellow Leaf Disease

Sugarcane Yellow Leaf disease was first recognized as Yellow Leaf Syndrome during the 1980s in Hawaii. Later it was reportedly associated with yield losses of 25% or more in the cultivar SP 71-6163 in Brazil. Subsequently the virus sugarcane Yellow Leaf Virus (SCYLV) was discovered to be associated with the disease. Yellow leaf has been found in numerous countries of the world. However, somewhat confusedly, another disease, “leaf yellows”, has been found in other areas. Although it has similar symptoms, it is caused by a phytoplasm rather than a virus. To date, this phytoplasm pathogen has not been identified on sugarcane in Florida. This document is SS-AGR-256, one of a series of the Agronomy Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. This publication is also a part of the Florida Sugarcane Handbook, an electronic publication of the Agronomy Department. Original publication date: September 2005.
Crossing the Line: Black Major Leaguers, 1947-1959

On April 15, 1947, Jackie Robinson opened the season at first base for the Brooklyn Dodgers, going 0 for 3 with a sacrifice and integrating major league baseball. Though stars such as Willie Mays and Hank Aaron quickly made their marks, it was not until 1959 that the Boston Red Sox called up a light-hitting infielder named Pumpsie Green, thus to become the last team to break baseballs color barrier. From 1947 through 1959, over 100 African American players made it to the major leagues. Each of these players is profiled in this comprehensive reference work--their playing careers and the on- and off-field difficulties they encountered in integrating the game. Some were stars, most (such as Green, Billy Bruton, and Harry Simpson) were average players, but all were pioneers in the sport. For each, career statistics and a capsule biography are provided.