Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ultrahigh Agility with Trajectory Control of Insect-Scale Soft Robots

Agility and trajectory control are two desirable features for all moving objects but they become very challenging for soft robots without rigid structures to support rapid manipulations. Here, a curved piezoelectric thin film driven at its structural resonant frequency is utilized as the main body of an insect-scale soft robot for its fast translational movements, and two electrostatic foot-pads are employed for its swift rotational motions. These two schemes are simultaneously executed during operations via a simple two-wire connection arrangement. A highest relative centripetal acceleration of 28 body-length/s2 among all artificial robots is realized on a 65 mgtethered prototype, which is better than those of common insects, including the cockroach. The trajectory manipulation demonstration is accomplished by navigating the robot to pass through a 120 cm-long track in a maze within 5.6 seconds. One potential application is presented by carrying a 180 mg on-board sensor to record a gas concentration route map and to identify the location of the leakage source. The radically simplified analog motion adjustment technique enables the scale-up construction of a 240 mg-untethered robot. Equipped with a payload of 1660 mg to include the control circuit, a battery, and photoresistors, the untethered prototype can follow a designated, 27.9 cm-long “S” shape path in 36.9 seconds. These results validate key performance attributes in achieving both high mobility and agility to emulate living agile insects for the advancements of artificial soft robots.
Transferfunktionen im Gehörgang in Abhängigkeit verschiedener Quellen

Mit einem Prototyp (siehe Abb. 1) konnte in vorhergehenden Arbeiten gezeigt werden, dass aus dem im Gehörgang gemessenen Schalldruck pec Modelle des individuellen Gehörgangs (inklusive des Abschlusses durch das Trommelfell) geschätzt werden können, die es erlauben, den Schalldruck am Trommelfell pd vorherzusagen [1]. Die nötige Transferfunktion pd/pec aus dem Modell stimmte dabei mit der gemessenen gut überein, wobei bisher ein eingebauter Hörgerätelautsprecher als Quelle diente.
The Compatibility Of Hba1c And Glycated Albumin Levels As Markers For Blood Glucose Follow-Up In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic diseases, characterized by hyperglycaemia that occurs due to abnormalities in insulin secretion. Uncontrolled diabetes will lead to the development of further complications. HbA1c level measurement is the current gold standard for monitoring glucose levels in DM patients. Glycated albumin (GA) is a fructosamine formed through a non-enzymatic glycation process. There are still few studies on the correlation between HbA1c and GA levels in T2DM patients. Therefore, we decided to investigate the correlation between HbA1c and GA levels in T2DM patients. OBJECTIVE: To determine the correlation between HbA1c and GA levels in T2DM patients. METHODS: This study was an observational study with a cross-sectional design conducted on 69 T2DM patients at Diponegoro National Hospital from June to August 2020. We collected data consisting of age, weight, blood pressure, waist circumference, HbA1c and GA levels. We measured HbA1c levels using I-chroma Boditech tool with the enzyme-linked fluorescent assay (ELFA) method, and GA levels using the Architect C8000 tool with an enzymatic method. Finally, we performed statistical analysis using Spearman's correlation test. RESULTS: The median ± SE values of HbA1c and GA levels were (7.1 ± 0.19%) and (21.2 ± 0.85%), respectively. The Spearman's correlation test results between HbA1c and GA levels were p <0.001; r = 0.775. DISCUSSION: Maintenance of blood glucose levels in the body is essential for T2DM patients. HbA1c and GA levels can be used for clinical evaluation of T2DM patients. CONCLUSION: There was a strong significant correlation between HbA1c and GA levels in T2DM patients. HbA1c and GA levels can be used for clinical evaluation of DM patients according to the patient's condition.
Priority Based Search by Reducing Techniques

- The K-NN is a technique in which objects are classified depends on nearest training examples which is present in the feature query space. The K-NN is the simplest classification method in data mining. In K-NN objects are classified when there is no information about the distribution of the data objects is known. Objects are selected according to their ranks with respect to the query object, allowing much tighter control on the overall execution costs. A formal theoretical analysis shows that with very high probability, the RCT returns a correct query result in time that depends very competitively on a measure of the intrinsic dimensionality of the data set. It returns corrects query execution result in required time that relies on a intrinsic dimensionality of objects of the data set. RCT can exceed the performance of methods involving metric pruning and many selection tests involving distance values having numerical constraints on it.
ARROW: restoration-aware traffic engineering

Fiber cut events reduce the capacity of wide-area networks (WANs) by several Tbps. In this paper, we revive the lost capacity by reconfiguring the wavelengths from cut fibers into healthy fibers. We highlight two challenges that made prior solutions impractical and propose a system called Arrow to address them. First, our measurements show that contrary to common belief, in most cases, the lost capacity is only partially restorable. This poses a cross-layer challenge from the Traffic Engineering (TE) perspective that has not been considered before: “Which IP links should be restored and by how much to best match the TE objective? ” To address this challenge, Arrow's restoration-aware TE system takes a set of partial restoration candidates (that we call LotteryTickets) as input and proactively finds the best restoration plan. Second, prior work has not considered the reconfiguration latency of amplifiers. However, in practical settings, amplifiers add tens of minutes of reconfiguration delay. To enable fast and practical restoration, Arrow leverages optical noise loading and bypasses amplifier reconfiguration altogether. We evaluate Arrow using large-scale simulations and a testbed. Our testbed demonstrates Arrow's end-to-end restoration latency is eight seconds. Our large-scale simulations compare Arrow to the state-of-the-art TE schemes and show it can support 2.0x--2.4x more demand without compromising 99.99% availability.
A Correlated Presence of Human Cytomegalovirus and Human Papillomavirus in the Odontogenic Epithelium of Radicular Cyst

Radicular cyst (RC) is a type of odontogenic cysts that thought to be of inflammatory origin. Recently, the role of viruses in the pathogenesis of these cysts was highlighted. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the presence and correlation of Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and Human Papillomavirus (HPV) in samples of large RCs. A total of 16 cases of RCs were immunohistochemically analyzed for the expressions of HCMV-gB and HPV-L1 proteins. A positive HCMV-gB protein expression in the odontogenic epithelium of RC was found in 12 cases (75%) of the total samples. HCMV-gB expression was located mainly in the superior part of the epithelial wall. Meanwhile, HPV-L1 protein was expressed in the odontogenic epithelium of RC in 11 cases (68.8%). The HPV-L1 expression was located throughout the epithelial layers of the studied RCs. Spearman’s correlation test revealed a very high significant correlation between HCMV-gB and HPV-L1 expressions in the odontogenic epithelium of RC (rho= 856, p= 000). This study showed a strongly correlated presence of HCMV and HPV in the odontogenic epithelium of RC. However, a proposed role of these viruses in the pathogenesis of RC needs further investigations. Clinical article (J Int Dent Med Res 2021; 14(1): 315-320)
Production of Probiotic Mango Juice by Fermentation of Lactic Acid Bacteria

본 연구에서는 유산균 발효를 통하여 프로바이오틱 망고 주스를 생산하고자 하였으며, 이를 위하여 미호기성 조건으로 30℃에서 72시간 동안 망고 주스 발효를 실시하였다. 유산균 발효가 진행되는 동안 유산균수, pH, 산도, 환원당 및 유기산을 분석하였으며, 프로바이오틱 망고 주스를 4℃에서 4주간 저장하면서 유산균의 생존도를 측정하였다. 유산균 발효 72시간 후 pH는 초기 4.5에서 3.2로 감소하였으며, 환원당 농도는 초기 12%(w/v)에서 5.8%(w/v)로 감소하였다. 본 연구에 사용한 다른 유산균들과 비교하여 Lactobacillus plantarum의 경우 환원당을 가장 빠르게 대사하였으며 망고 주스의 pH를 가장 빠르게 감소시켰다. 프로바이오틱 망고 주스를 4℃에서 4주간 저장하는 동안 유산균수는 1.0 × 10 7 CFU/ml를 유지하였다. 이상과 같은 결과로부터 망고 주스는 프로바이오틱 음료의 생산에 적합하다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 【In this study, the probiotification of mango juice was carried out by lactic acid bacteria fermentation. Mango juice fermentation was performed at 30℃ for 72 h under micro-aerophilic conditions. The microbial population, pH, titrable acidity, sugar, and organic acid metabolism were measured during the fermentation period and the viability of the strains was determined under the storage conditions at 4℃ for 4 weeks. The lactic acid bacteria reduced the pH to as low as 3.2 from 4.5 within 72 h of fermentation. The substrate concentration was reduced to 5.8% (w/v) from 12% (w/v). Lactobacillus plantarum exhibited the fastest utilization of sugar and reduction of pH in the mango juice when compared to the other strains used. The viability of the cells was maintained at 1.0 × 10 7 CFU/ml throughout the storage period. From this investigation, it can be concluded that mango juice is suitable for the production of probiotic beverage. 】
Ki-67 and It’s Correlation Between The Clinical And Histological Parameters In Breast Cancer Patients-An Institutional Study

Breast cancer is a major health issue and yet there lacks studies which show the correlation between Ki-67 as a prognostic marker and the variables of breast cancer. Aim: to correlate Ki-67 index with clinical and histological parameters of breast cancer. Methods and materials: it is a cross-sectional study done on 86 cases of cancer breast who presented to the institute SBMCH, Chennai in one and a half years duration. Age, tumor size, site , menopausal status, lymph node involvement ,histological type and grade, Ki-67 index were determined and correlated in these patients. European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine ISSN 2515-8260 Volume 07, Issue 10, 202
Exploring Physical Synthesis for Circuits based on Emerging Reconfigurable Nanotechnologies

Recently proposed ambipolar nanotechnologies allow the development of reconfigurable circuits with low area and power overheads as compared to the conventional CMOS technology. However, using a conventional physical synthesis flow for circuits that include gates based on reconfigurable FETs (RFETs) leads to sub-optimal results. This is due to the fact that the physical synthesis flow for circuits based on RFETs has to cater to the additional gate terminal per RFET transistors. In the present work, we explore three important verticals that lead to an optimized physical synthesis flow for RFET-based circuits with circuit-level reconfigurability: (1) designing optimized layouts of reconfigurable gates, (2) utilize special driver cells to drive the reconfigurable portions of a circuit, and (3) optimized placement of these reconfigurable parts in separate power domains. Experimental evaluations over EPFL benchmarks using our proposed approach show a reduction in chip area of up to 17.5% when compared to conventional flows.
An Analytical Theory of Cellular Growth

The biological fitness of non-interacting unicellular organisms in constant environments is given by their balanced growth rate, i.e., by the rate with which they replicate their biomass composition. Evolutionary optimization of this growth rate occurred under a set of physicochemical constraints, including mass conservation, reaction kinetics, and limits on dry mass per volume (cellular capacity). Mathematical models that account explicitly for these constraints are inevitably nonlinear, and their optimization has been restricted to small, non-realistic cell models. Here, we show that states of maximal balanced growth are elementary flux modes of a related flux balance problem, i.e., deactivating any active reaction makes steady-state growth impossible. For any balanced growth state that corresponds to an elementary flux mode of an arbitrarily sized model, we provide explicit expressions for individual protein concentrations, fluxes, and growth rate; all variables are uniquely determined by the concentrations of metabolites and total protein. We provide explicit and intuitively interpretable expressions for the marginal fitness costs and benefits of individual concentrations. At optimal balanced growth, the marginal net benefits of each metabolite concentration and of total protein concentration equal the marginal benefit of the cellular capacity. Based solely on physicochemical constraints, our work unveils fundamental quantitative principles of balanced cellular growth, quantifies the effect of cellular capacity on fitness, and leads to experimentally testable predictions.
Simultaneous Recording of the Uptake and Conversion of Glucose and Choline in Tumors by Deuterium Metabolic Imaging

Simple Summary Tumors increase their glucose and choline uptake to support growth. These properties are employed to detect and identify tumors in the body by imaging the uptake of radio-isotope analogs of these compounds. In this study we show that deuterium metabolic imaging (DMI) (a new MRI method to image metabolites using non-radioactive labeling with deuterium) can image choline uptake in tumors. Furthermore, we demonstrate that DMI can image the tumor uptake of choline and glucose (and additionally its metabolic conversion) simultaneously, in contrast to radio-isotope imaging, which only assesses the uptake of one radio-isotope labeled compound at a time. For these reasons (and also because DMI is relatively simple and can be combined with other MR methods), it is a promising modality for a more specific tumor characterization than by separate imaging of the uptake of radio-isotope labeled glucose or choline. Abstract Increased glucose and choline uptake are hallmarks of cancer. We investigated whether the uptake and conversion of [2H9]choline alone and together with that of [6,6′-2H2]glucose can be assessed in tumors via deuterium metabolic imaging (DMI) after administering these compounds. Therefore, tumors with human renal carcinoma cells were grown subcutaneously in mice. Isoflurane anesthetized mice were IV infused in the MR magnet for ~20 s with ~0.2 mL solutions containing either [2H9]choline (0.05 g/kg) alone or together with [6,6′-2H2]glucose (1.3 g/kg). 2H MR was performed on a 11.7T MR system with a home-built 2H/1H coil using a 90° excitation pulse and 400 ms repetition time. 3D DMI was recorded at high resolution (2 × 2 × 2 mm) in 37 min or at low resolution (3.7 × 3.7 × 3.7 mm) in 2:24 min. Absolute tissue concentrations were calculated assuming natural deuterated water [HOD] = 13.7 mM. Within 5 min after [2H9]choline infusion, its signal appeared in tumor spectra representing a concentration increase to 0.3–1.2 mM, which then slowly decreased or remained constant over 100 min. In plasma, [2H9]choline disappeared within 15 min post-infusion, implying that its signal arises from tumor tissue and not from blood. After infusing a mixture of [2H9]choline and [6,6′-2H2]glucose, their signals were observed separately in tumor 2H spectra. Over time, the [2H9]choline signal broadened, possibly due to conversion to other choline compounds, [[6,6′-2H2]glucose] declined, [HOD] increased and a lactate signal appeared, reflecting glycolysis. Metabolic maps of 2H compounds, reconstructed from high resolution DMIs, showed their spatial tumor accumulation. As choline infusion and glucose DMI is feasible in patients, their simultaneous detection has clinical potential for tumor characterization.
Isolation and Identification of Optochin-Resistant Viridans Group Streptococci from the Sputum Samples of Adult Patients in Jakarta, Indonesia

Aim To investigate optochin-resistant viridans group streptococci (VGS) strains isolated from the sputum sample of adult patients with different clinical symptoms. Materials and Methods Optochin-resistant VGS isolates were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). recA sequencing was used to confirm identified isolates at the genus level by MALDI-TOF MS. Finding. We identified 79% of tested isolates (148/187) at the species-level identification using the MALDI-TOF MS tool. We identified that the most common species isolated from sputum specimens were S. oralis (44.9%) followed by S. mitis (25.7%), S. infantis (9.1%), S. parasanguinis (7.5%), S. peroris (3.7%), S. anginosus (2.7%), and S. sanguinis (2.1%). Discussion. The S. oralis strains were majority of optochin-resistant VGS isolates obtained from sputum of adult patients in Jakarta, Indonesia. MALDI-TOF MS showed potential for the rapid identification tool to identify optochin-resistant VGS isolates. Although there were discrepancies in identifying isolates at the genus/species level, the performance could be improved by expanding its database.
BENEFICIALL EFFECT OF THE EUROPEAN RASPBERRY (RUBUS IADEUS) EXTRACT ON THE ACTIVITY AND OXIDATIVE PROFILE OF BOVINE SPERMATOZOA

Berries belong to the best dietary sources of bioactive compounds. These fruits contains bioactive compounds such as antioxidants (phenolic compounds and fruit colorants), vitamins (ascorbic acids) and minerals. This study aimed to estimate the effect of three concentrations (75 µg/mL, 150 µg/mL and 300 µg/mL) of the European raspberry (Rubus iadeus) on the selected quality parameters of bovine spermatozoa after 0h, 2h, and 24h of in vitro culture. Sperm motility was evaluated using the Computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) system. The mitochondrial activity was detected by the metabolic (MTT) assay. The determination of ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) quantity was observed through the luminol method. The protein and lipid oxidation were evaluated using spectrophotometric assays. The experiment showed that the highest applied concentration of European raspberry extract at 2h (p<0.05) and all concentration after 24h (p<0.05; p<0.001) exhibited motility-promoting effects. We observed the highest increase of mitochondrial activity using 300 µg/mL by 2h (p<0.05) and using 150 µg/mL (p<0.05) and 300 µg/mL (p<0.01) after 24h. Exposure to this extract led to decreasing levels of ROS generation at 2h of incubation (p<0.05) with the highest dose as well as after 24h using 150 µg/mL (p<0.01) and 300 µg/mL (p<0.001) applied doses. The protein oxidation levels showed decreasing rates at 2h (p<0.05; 300 µg/mL) and at time of 24h (p<0.01; 150 µg/mL and p<0.001; 300 µg/mL). All selected raspberry concentration prevented oxidative degeneration of lipids during 2h (p<0.05) and after 24h (p<0.05; p<0.001). Our results indicate, that European raspberry extract has beneficial effect on the measured parameters of the bovine spermatozoa during in vitro incubation but depending on time and applied dose.
Mobile Augmented Screening to Increase HIV Testing Among Emergency Department Patients as Young as 13 Years

Because adolescents and emerging adults are frequently not offered HIV testing, and often decline tests when offered, we developed and tested a tablet-based intervention to increase HIV test rates among emergency department (ED) patients aged 13-24 years. Pediatric and adult ED patients in a high volume New York City hospital (N = 295) were randomized to receive a face-to-face HIV test offer, or to complete a tablet-based intervention that contained an HIV test offer delivered via computer. Test rates in both conditions were then compared to historic test rates in the same ED during the previous six months. Among participants aged 19 years and younger who were offered HIV testing and declined before enrollment in the study, participants in the tablet-based condition were 1.7 times more likely to test for HIV compared to participants in the face-to-face condition. Participants aged 19 years and younger were three times as likely to test for HIV compared to patients the same age who were treated in the previous six months (26.39%, n = 71 study participants vs. 10.29%, n = 189 prior patients, OR = 3.13, \begin{document}\chi\end{document}2 = 54.76, p < 0.001). Protocols designed to offer HIV testing to all eligible patients can significantly increase adolescent test rates compared to standard practice. Because tablets are equally effective compared to face-to-face offers, and in some cases more so, EDs may consider tablet-based interventions that require fewer staff resources and may integrate more easily into high-volume workflows.
Constraints on Phytoplankton Abundance and Cyanotoxin Production in the Tidal Freshwater James River

4 INTRODUCTION . 5 METHODS . 7 STUDY SITE . 7 EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN . 7 SAMPLE COLLECTION & ANALYSIS . 8 STATISTICS . 8 RESULTS . 8 MESOCOSM CONDITIONS . 9 CHLOROPHYLL-A . 9 PARTICULATE ORGANIC CARBON . 10 MICROCYSTIN . 11 ANATOXIN. 11 ZOOPLANKTON . 11 DISCUSSION . 12 TABLES . 15 FIGURES . 16 REFERENCES . 23 SUPPLEMENTAL FIGURES . 25
Über die Aufspaltung einer Einzelblase beim Kollaps in der Nähe einer Wand On the splitting of a single cavitation bubble during the collapse close to a wall

Since quite some decades the collapse of a cavitation bubble in front of a solid boundary is object of investigation. The physics behind this issue covers the fields of complex fluid dynamics, plasma physics, nonlinear acoustics, as well as non-equilibrium, two-phase thermodynamics. The history of modelling bubble dynamics started with reduced analytical models for spherical bubbles almost exactly a hundred years ago. When computational power increased, the boundary element method was introduced to study bubbles near boundaries, but mostly with incompressible formulations. Nowadays, advanced computational methods are able to resolve details on microsecond and even nanosecond time scales. One example of the relatively complex dynamical processes is the splitting of the collapsing bubble into several torus bubble rings, that has been observed in experiments many times, e.g. shown in Figure 1. From the finite volume simulations with a specialized two-phase solver we deduce that three phenomena are responsible for this splitting, that we call the ”Blake splash”, the ”nanojet” and “microjet feed”.
Patient-reported outcomes in the context of the benefit assessment in Germany

6 1. The role of PRO in HTA decision making regarding the benefit assessment in Germany. 7 1.1 Patient focused drug development . 7 1.2 Brief introduction to benefit assessment in Germany . 7 1.3 What are PRO . 8 1.4 PRO: different perspectives . 9 2. Guidances for PRO evaluations . 11 3. PRO Estimand Framework . 15 4. Perception and requirements for PRO within the German benefit assessment . 19 5. Validity of instruments . 22 6. Response thresholds for assessing clinical relevance of patient-reported outcomes (PRO) . 24 7. Analyzing PRO endpoints within the framework of the German benefit assessment . 28 8. Missing PRO data . 34 9. PRO after treatment discontinuation . 38 10. Discussion and Conclusion: . 41 Literature reference . 43