Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fundamental Contribution and Host Range Determination of ANP32A and ANP32B in Influenza A Virus Polymerase Activity

The key host factors involved in the influenza A viral polymerase activity and RNA replication remain largely unknown. We provide evidence here that ANP32A and ANP32B from different species are powerful factors in the maintenance of viral polymerase activity. Human ANP32A and ANP32B contribute equally to support human influenza viral RNA replication. However, unlike avian ANP32A, the avian ANP32B is evolutionarily nonfunctional in supporting viral replication because of a mutation at sites 129 and 130. These sites play an important role in ANP32A/ANP32B and viral polymerase interaction and therefore determine viral replication, suggesting a novel interface as a potential target for the development of anti-influenza strategies. ABSTRACT The polymerase of the influenza virus is part of the key machinery necessary for viral replication. However, the avian influenza virus polymerase is restricted in mammalian cells. The cellular protein ANP32A has been recently found to interact with viral polymerase and to influence both polymerase activity and interspecies restriction. We report here that either human ANP32A or ANP32B is indispensable for human influenza A virus RNA replication. The contribution of huANP32B is equal to that of huANP32A, and together they play a fundamental role in the activity of human influenza A virus polymerase, while neither human ANP32A nor ANP32B supports the activity of avian viral polymerase. Interestingly, we found that avian ANP32B was naturally inactive, leaving avian ANP32A alone to support viral replication. Two amino acid mutations at sites 129 to 130 in chicken ANP32B lead to the loss of support of viral replication and weak interaction with the viral polymerase complex, and these amino acids are also crucial in the maintenance of viral polymerase activity in other ANP32 proteins. Our findings strongly support ANP32A and ANP32B as key factors for both virus replication and adaptation. IMPORTANCE The key host factors involved in the influenza A viral polymerase activity and RNA replication remain largely unknown. We provide evidence here that ANP32A and ANP32B from different species are powerful factors in the maintenance of viral polymerase activity. Human ANP32A and ANP32B contribute equally to support human influenza viral RNA replication. However, unlike avian ANP32A, the avian ANP32B is evolutionarily nonfunctional in supporting viral replication because of a mutation at sites 129 and 130. These sites play an important role in ANP32A/ANP32B and viral polymerase interaction and therefore determine viral replication, suggesting a novel interface as a potential target for the development of anti-influenza strategies.
Research on image classification of Chinese medicinal materials powder based on texture extraction and improved lightweight network

In recent years, a large number of mixed products, counterfeit products and adulterated products of traditional Chinese medicine powder have often appeared on the market. And because the traditional image processing algorithm cannot meet the application requirements for such complex background, large amount of data, and multi-category problem processing accuracy and speed. In view of the above problems, this paper proposes an improved method of deep convolutional neural network based on texture extraction and improved attention mechanism model. First, the MobileNetV3 network is unable to fully extract the texture information of fiber powder, and an inception-like structure is added to significantly improve the final recognition accuracy; secondly, the use of hole convolution minimizes the impact of the inception-like structure on the overall parameter quantity. Influence: finally, an improved attention mechanism module is added to the network, which significantly suppresses the noise texture in the background image. The fiber characteristics of 32 different kinds of Chinese herbal medicine powder images are used for experimental comparison. The added inception-like structure and the improved attention mechanism module increase the accuracy rate by 4.1% to 92.82%. The experiments show that the improvement method proposed in this paper is better than other classification algorithms.
2,2-Diphenethyl Isothiocyanate Enhances Topoisomerase Inhibitor-Induced Cell Death and Suppresses Multi-Drug Resistance 1 in Breast Cancer Cells

Simple Summary Mutations in the p53 gene frequently occur in human cancers. The mutations are localized to “hotspot” residues and are classified as structural or contact mutants. p53 mutations disable wild-type (WT) p53 activity; they exert a “dominant negative” effect on WT p53 activity or a “gain-of-function” activity rendering the p53 mutants oncogenic. Mutant p53 rescue by small molecules is a promising chemotherapeutic strategy. Previously, we discovered that a dietary-related phenethyl isothiocyanate could reactivate p53R175H structural mutants in HER2 + SK-BR-3 breast cancer (BC) cells. The current study revealed that 2,2-diphenethyl isothiocyanate (DPEITC) is a more potent synthetic analog that can inhibit the growth of different subtypes of BC cells, irrespective of p53 mutant-type, via mutant p53 rescue. DPEITC acts synergistically with the topoisomerase inhibitors doxorubicin and camptothecin. Furthermore, for the first time, we report that DPEITC suppresses multi-drug resistance 1 and ETS1, which have been shown to play a role in chemoresistance. Abstract We previously reported that phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), a dietary-related compound, can rescue mutant p53. A structure–activity relationships study showed that the synthetic analog 2,2-diphenylethyl isothiocyanate (DPEITC) is a more potent inducer of apoptosis than natural or synthetic ITCs. Here, we showed that DPEITC inhibited the growth of triple-negative breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468, and Hs578T) expressing “hotspot” p53 mutants, structural (p53R280K, p53R273H) or contact (p53V157F), at IC50 values significantly lower than PEITC. DPEITC inhibited the growth of HER2+ (p53R175H SK-BR-3, p53R175H AU565) and Luminal A (p53L194F T47D) breast cancer (BC) cells harboring a p53 structural mutant. DPEITC induced apoptosis, irrespective of BC subtypes, by rescuing p53 mutants. Accordingly, the rescued p53 mutants induced apoptosis by activating canonical WT p53 targets and delaying the cell cycle. DPEITC acted synergistically with doxorubicin and camptothecin to inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis. Under these conditions, DPEITC delayed BC cells in the G1 phase, activated p53 canonical targets, and enhanced pS1981-ATM. DPEITC reduced the expression of MDR1 and ETS1. These findings are the first report of synergism between a synthetic ITC and a chemotherapy drug via mutant p53 rescue. Furthermore, our data demonstrate that ITCs suppress the expression of cellular proteins that play a role in chemoresistance.
Hamiltonian systems near relative equilibria

Abstract We give explicit differential equations for the dynamics of Hamiltonian systems near relative equilibria. These split the dynamics into motion along the group orbit and motion inside a slice transversal to the group orbit. The form of the differential equations that is inherited from the symplectic structure and symmetry properties of the Hamiltonian system is analysed and the effects of time reversing symmetries are included. The results will be applicable to the stability and bifurcation theories of relative equilibria of Hamiltonian systems.
Clustering the Raagas of Sankari Sangeet—A Computational Approach

Raaga is the heart of Indian Classical Music. A raaga is an arrangement of 12 notes in the octave. Like Indian classical music, Sankari Sangeets which are composed 500 years ago are also based on raaga. The musicologist of Sankari Sangeet found nearly 26 different raagas in Sankaree Sangeet. Each of these raagas has some specific characteristics such as Aruhana (Ascending order of notes), Avaruhana (Descending order of notes), Pakad, Time of Singing, Vadi swara (Dominant/Important Note), Samvadi swara (Second Dominant Note), etc. This piece of work considers all of the 26 raagas of Sankari Sangeet to statistically cluster on the basis of 18 features extracted from each raaga. For clustering of the raagas, k-prototypes clustering technique is used which gives four clusters of sizes 9, 4, 6, and 7. Also, a comparison is carried out between the clusters obtained from k-prototypes clustering and existing theoretical Thaat-based classification.
Mathematical theory of super fibre bundles

A mathematically consistent global theory of super fibre bundles is laid down. In this framework the authors perform, in a rigorous way, the analysis of the construction of super fibre bundles, connections, reduced bundles and reduced connections. Some bundles of physical interest, constructed over a supermanifold (the Lorentz bundle and the graded Poincare bundle), are analysed in detail. A criterion for the existence of a Lorentz bundle over a supermanifold is established. Some results about subgroups of super Lie groups are also given.
A Search For Atomic-Hydrogen From Evolved Stars And Planetary-Nebulae

With the 1000 foot (305 m) Arecibo antenna, we searched for 21 cm wavelength radiation from atomic hydrogen in expanding envelopes around a total of 13 red giant stars and planetary nebulae. For some stars (e.g., IRC + 10216, IRC + 10011) upper limits on the mass of atomic hydrogen in the circumstellar envelopes are a few percent of the total envelope mass estimated from other considerations. Toward . cap alpha. Ori intense, patchy background emission precludes a definitive estimate of the atomic hydrogen content in the envelope. No 21 cm radiation was detected that is directly associated with the planetary nebulae NGC 6210, NGC 6572, NGC 6720, and NGC 2346. Possible 21 cm absorption of the continuum radiation from NGC 6572 by foreground hydrogen would suggest a distant location for this nebula.
A stochastic variational treatment of quantum mechanics

An earlier development of some results in quantum mechanics from a stochastic variational principle is extended in several directions. An outline is first given of the methods of control theory upon which the development is based, and earlier results are briefly described. Extensions are then given to relativistic systems, to Dirac’s equation, and to elementary quantum field theory. The aim thoughout is to show that results in the standard theory can be obtained in a uniform way from an extended form of Hamilton’s principle, which has the advantage of conciseness and a relatively close relationship to the classical theory. The wave function appears as a modified form of the optimal cost function, and the photon can be identified with a singularity in the electromagnetic field. Interference is explained by optimization of an expected value, the ensemble over which the expectation is taken being dependent upon the information available.
Shear wave splitting in three-dimensional anisotropic media

SUMMARY Splitting intensity, a new seismic observable that characterizes seismic anisotropy, can be ex- pressed as linear combinations of elastic perturbations involving 3-D sensitivity (or Frechet) kernels. We conduct a numerical study of elastic wave propagation in weakly anisotropic het- erogeneous media in order to investigate the validity of the different assumptions made in the derivation of these kernels. For characteristic periods larger than 6 s, the splitting parame- ters obtained from the analysis of synthetic seismograms calculated using a spectral-element method (SEM) are in excellent agreement with predictions based upon the 3-D kernels. This suggests that the kernels fully capture the complexity of shear wave splitting in heterogeneous anisotropic media and can be used for tomography. In addition, they can be used to calculate synthetic splitting parameters in 3-D anisotropic media, which represents a very small amount of computation compared with finite-difference or finite-element modelling. 3-D kernels dis- tribute sensitivity off of the reference ray given by the laws of geometrical optics. This has important consequences for the interpretation of apparent splitting parameters, which usually relies on ray theory. Apparent splitting parameters estimated at the surface can differ signif- icantly from the anisotropic properties in the underlying medium wherever heterogeneities occur with a characteristic wavelength smaller than approximately 0.75 times the width of the first Fresnel zone √ λz, with λ the wavelength and z the depth.
Magnetism and phase stability of R(Co,M)7 pseudobinary intermetallics with TbCu7-type structure

Pseudobinary RCo7−xMx intermetallic compounds with TbCu7-type structure have been synthesized, and their structural and magnetic properties have been investigated using powder x-ray diffraction and magnetic measurements. Based upon the structural analysis, the stabilized element M occupies the 2e or the 3g position depending on its electronegativity. RCo7−xMx compounds exhibit ferromagnetic order with high Curie temperature. In addition, the uniaxial magnetocrystalline anisotropy is observed in SmCo7−xMx intermetallics. The magnetic moments have been investigated using a modified magnetic valence model with the equation ⟨Zm⟩=±xRZmR+xTZmT+2Nsp↑∑ixi, where the magnetic moment contributed by 4f transition metal is corrected from its chemical valence numbers of rare earth in the original magnetic valence model to the theoretical value of gJμBJ. It is also assumed that the nonmagnetic metal has no contribution to the moment. The corrected model can also be used to calculate the moments of the other strong ferr.
The Effects of Various Work-to-Rest Ratios During High-Intensity Intermittent Exercises on Uchi-Komi Performance and Postexercise Heart Rate and Blood Lactate in Judo Athletes

Abstract Ceylan, B and Balci, SS. The effects of various work-to-rest ratios during high-intensity intermittent exercises on uchi-komi performance and postexercise heart rate and blood lactate in judo athletes. J Strength Cond Res 37(6): 1231–1236, 2023—Uchi-komi exercises are the most important component of judo training. This study aimed to investigate the effect of different rest intervals during high-intensity intermittent uchi-komi exercises on total technique repetitions and physiological load in judo athletes. Twenty-two male judo athletes (mean age 19.0 ± 1.2 years, judo experience 7.6 ± 22.7 years) voluntarily participated in this study. Athletes' body composition and judo-specific performance were determined. The athletes randomly performed 20 seconds × 8 sets of high-intensity intermittent exercise using ippon-seoi-nage technique with 1:1/2, 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3 work-to-rest ratios on separate days. Before and 1, 7, 15, and 30 minutes after each exercise, athletes' heart rate (HR) and blood lactate were determined. The number of repetitions differed according to rest durations, when the rest duration decreased, the number of the repetitions decreased (F21, 441 = 7.09, p < 0.001). Blood lactate responses were similar during the exercises with different rest intervals (F3,63 = 2.15, p = 0.10). The shorter the rest duration, the higher the HR (F3,63 = 6.81, p < 0.001). The current study proposed that 1:2 and 1:3 work-to-rest ratios at high-intensity intermittent uchi-komi exercise are the most appropriate intervals to ensure a high number of technique repetitions and the continuity of the training.
Deep Neural Network Based Next-Frame Prediction in HEVC Video Sequence *

High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) is a video compression standard that compresses video sequences with 50% less bit rate compared to ancestor H.264 standard. In HEVC, the motion compensation block utilizes the motion vectors to generate the motion compensated frame. The motion vectors are generated using the motion estimation process that improves the efficiency of HEVC at the expense of high computational complexity. The next-frame prediction technique can be used to predict the motion compensated frame. This paper proposes the next-frame prediction model that predicts the next frame using the previous five frames. The experimental results show that the proposed method achieves a Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio(PSNR) of 29.35dB with a mean square error loss of 0.003 for the UCF101 dataset video sequence, which is better than state-of-the-art methods.
Finite sample properties of nonstationary binary response models: A monte carlo analysis

This paper investigates the finite sample distributions of maximum likelihood estimators for nonstationary probit models. This model relates an I (1) variable x_t to a latent I (1) variable y_t^\ast . The binary variable, y_t , is coded as a one if y_t^\ast exceeds some threshold, \alpha , and as a zero otherwise. We find that, analogous to standard OLS models, commonly used tests statistics almost always reject the null hypothesis of no relationship between x_t , and a latent y_t , even when they are, in fact, generated by independent random walks. However, if x_t and y_t^\ast are cointegrated, the sampling distributions of the parameter estimates are better behaved and standard Z and Wald test statistics are consistent.
Cloud-Top Entrainment Instability through Small-Scale Mixing and Its Parameterization in Numerical Models.

Abstract In a recent paper, Kuo and Schubert demonstrated the lack of observational support for the relevance of the criterion for cloud-top entrainment instability proposed by Randall and by Deardorff. Here we derive a new criterion, based on a model of the instability as resulting from the energy released close to cloud top, by Mixing between saturated boundary-layer air and unsaturated air from above the capping inversion. The condition is derived by considering the net conversion from potential to kinetic energy in a system consisting of two layers of fluid straddling cloud-top, when a small amount of mixing occurs between these layers. This contrasts with previous analyses, which only considered the change in buoyancy of the cloud layer when unsaturated air is mixed into it. In its most general form, this new criterion depends on the ratio of the depths of the layers involved in the mixing. It is argued that, for a self-sustaining instability, there must be a net release of kinetic energy on the same.
Software design of optical link for indoor wireless optical communication network used LEDs as source visible light communication

Nowadays, the conventional light sources are replaced progressively evolving LED (Light Emitting Diode) for their deficient properties. This technology recorded dynamic growth mainly due to effective research in increasing power density and choice the color shade on good color rendering CRI (Color Rendering Index). This extending the zone of used LEDs. Development of lighting technology by means of white power LEDs provided impulse to the idea of the development of optical wireless data networks based on optical radiation in the visible region of the spectrum VLC (Visible Light Communications). In the last years being recorded a turnover of research from transmission of information via optical fiber to the transmission of information through wireless networks. At the same time the concept of information transmission by indirect sight between transmitter and receiver NLOS (Non Line of Sight) is changing. Line of research focuses mainly on the direct line of sight LOS (Line of Sight). This is due to the development of the semiconductor lighting through the white power LED. This is connected with the idea of using them as a transmitter for communication purposes. This article deals with software design of optical link for indoor wireless optical network in LightTools software. Optimal optical source was designed for communication using LED as the first. For the proposed type of LEDs sources were used different shapes and distances distribution between LEDs in a single cell at the designed optical transmitter.
Multipactor saturation due to space-charge-induced debunching

As the multipactor charge builds up, the mutual repulsion overtakes the focusing effect of the rf interaction, and the thin charge ribbon formed during the initial buildup expands into a wide band. Two synergistic effects lead to saturation (a) first, spreading of the impact phases into the region where the vacuum rf retards emission (b) later, and field reversal in the front end of the bunch due to the space-charge field, regardless of the rf phase. The effective secondary yield under opposing field is zero regardless of impact energy. Steady state is achieved when the ensemble-average yield δ drops to unity. The spreads in the impact energy are less important; impacts under reversed field cause saturation even at constant (independent of impact energy) secondary yield. The bunch breakup threshold is identified from bunch stability theory. It is found that near saturation both one-surface and two-surface cascades take place simultaneously; particle orbits alternate between one- and two-surface multipactors until they are finally lost to unfavorable phase/reversed field impacts. The possibility of saturation with a tight bunch, before breakup, is also discussed.
UHPLC-MS Phenolic Fingerprinting, Aorta Endothelium Relaxation Effect, Antioxidant, and Enzyme Inhibition Activities of Azara dentata Ruiz & Pav Berries

Azara dentata Ruiz & Pav. is a small Chilean native plant from Patagonia, a producer of small white reddish berries. For the first time, the proximal analysis of the fruits, phenolic fingerprinting, the antioxidant activity, and the enzymatic inhibition and relaxation effects in rat aorta induced by the ethanolic extract of these fruits were investigated. The proximal composition and the mineral (Ca: 2434 ± 40 mg/kg; Mg: 702 ± 13 mg/kg; Fe: 117.1 ± 1.6 mg/kg; Zn: 16.1 ± 0.4 mg/kg) and heavy metal (As: 121 ± 11 µg/kg; Cd: 152 ± 5 µg/kg; Hg: 7.7 ± 1.3 µg/kg; Pb 294 ± 4 µg/kg) contents were analyzed. Anthocyanins, flavonoids, phenolic acids, and coumarins were identified using UHPLC-PDA-QTOF-MS. The ethanolic extracts showed a total phenolic content of 23.50 ± 0.93 mg GAE/g extract. In addition, the antioxidant activity was assessed using both DPPH and TEAC (28.64 ± 1.87 and 34.72 ± 2.33 mg Trolox/g of dry fruit, respectively), FRAP (25.32 ± 0.23 mg Trolox equivalent/g dry fruit), and ORAC (64.95 ± 1.23 mg Trolox equivalents/g dry fruit). The inhibition of enzymatic activities (acetylcholinesterase IC50: 2.87 + 0.23 µg extract/mL, butyrylcholinesterase IC50: 6.73 + 0.07 µg extract/mL, amylase IC50: 5.6 ± 0.0 µg extract/mL, lipase IC50: 30.8 ± 0.0 µg extract/mL, and tyrosinase IC50: 9.25 ± 0.15 µg extract/mL) was also assessed. The extract showed 50–60% relaxation in rat aorta (intact), mediated thorough the release of endothelial nitric oxide. Our results suggest that A. dentata is a good source of compounds with the capacity to inhibit important enzymes, can be hypotensive, and can thus have good potentiality as supplements in the amelioration of neurodegenerative diseases and could also have potential to be used to develop new functional foods. The study highlights the benefits of these neglected small fruits and could boost their consumption.
Planar Tracking Control for Multiple Underactuated AUVs under Formation Constraint

T coordinate formation control for multiple underactuated AUVs. An optimal performance index is proposed to give attention to both tracking quality and formation constraint. A reference feasible trajectory for the position and orientation based on velocity control is planned so that it is consistent with vehicle dynamics. And the performance index is transformed to the error one. The optimal controller is designed to solve the problem. Using the controller we demonstrate the physical realization of control system at the same time. Simulation results validate that the proposed formation methodology are presented and discussed.