Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Rationale for the efficiency of transcranial magnetic stimulation in multiple sclerosis

The aim. Based on the analysis and comprehensive clinical and neurological evaluation of the results to substantiate the effectiveness of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods. A total of 110 MS patients were included in the study. The control group consisted of 30 patients who received pathogenetic therapy and 80 patients who underwent a course of rhythmic transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) together with pathogenetic therapy. Results. The results obtained during the study indicate the complex multifactorial nature of fatigue and its significant impact on the clinical manifestations of MS. Also, the use of rTMS reduced the severity of the main neurological symptoms of MS. The improvement in the overall EDSS scale in the group of patients receiving rTMS was statistically significant: from 5.0 ± 1.9 points to 4.5 ± 2.0 points (p < 0.01), in the comparison group (p > 0.05). Under the influence of TMS, gait function improved, but these indicators were statistically insignificant (p > 0.05). The greatest effect of rTMS was obtained on the manifestations of fatigue and also extended to its cognitive and psychosocial components. The obtained patterns are confirmed in the analysis of indicators on the SCA and FS scales. Involvement in the treatment of patients with MS rTMS allowed to achieve a significant reduction in the manifestations of all components of fatigue: from 76.0 ± 20.9 points to 75.5 ± 20.5 points (p < 0.05). The data obtained during the study confirm the effectiveness, safety and viability of non-invasive neuromodulation by rTMS in the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with MS. Conclusions. The use of rTMS has a positive effect on the manifestations of fatigue, both motor and cognitive, in patients with MS at all types of course and at different stages of progression. Non-invasiveness, safety and ease of use, the possibility of differentiated use allow the use of rTMS in the clinic of rehabilitation treatment and become an important component of active drug and non-drug rehabilitation of patients with MS.
A dual-typed and omnidirectional infrared perceptual network for indoor human tracking

This paper proposes a dual-typed and omnidirectional infrared perceptual network for indoor human target location and tracking. Two types of infrared sensors, pyroelectric infrared sensors and thermopile array sensors, are used in the sensor network for side-view and top-view perception respectively. The sensor nodes are deployed to construct an omnidirectional sensing model for detecting human targets in an indoor scenario with irregular boundary, furniture and other obstacles. The improved credit location algorithm and the adaptive threshold algorithm are applied for the human location. The location ambiguity existing in the actual situations is analysed and the compensation methods are designed by using an equivalent measurement line and a state machine to reduce the location ambiguity. Finally, a fuzzy adaptive CS-jerk (current statistical-jerk) algorithm is applied for tracking the human target. The tracking results indicate that the dual-typed and omnidirectional system works well in the indoor environment.
A Corotating Group of Dwarf Galaxies around NGC 2750 as a Centaurus A Analog

We study a low-mass spiral galaxy NGC 2750 (∼5 times less massive than the Milky Way), located ∼40 Mpc away in a sparse region that hosts seven satellite galaxies within a projected distance of 150 Kpc. Among them six are star-forming dwarfs with stellar masses of >≈107 M ⊙ and one is an early-type dwarf with a stellar mass of 2.6 × 106 M ⊙. The star-forming dwarfs are gas rich, with gas mass fractions as high as Log(M H i /M *) = 1.2 and their star formation rates vary between 0.03 and 0.35 M ⊙ yr−1. The projected distances and measured radial velocities of the six star-forming satellites provide a high probability that they are members of the group. The radial velocity distribution of the six satellites exhibits evidence of a systematic corotation. We devise a method to quantify such a corotation signal by calculating the correlation coefficient between satellites’ relative line-of-sight velocities (ΔV r) and their sky-projected distances from the host (R p). For the NGC 2750 system, we show a clear correlation between ΔV r and R p, with a Pearson’s R correlation coefficient c = 0.90 and p-value = 0.005. We compare the NGC 2750 system with the Centaurus A (NGC 5128) system, a previously known corotating group, and conclude that the former could be a small version of the latter but is located in an isolated field, away from the influence of the large-scale structure. The results open up opportunities to explore the galactic anisotropy phenomenon on a low-mass scale and in a rarified environment.
Using Landsat data to determine land use/land cover change and urban sprawl trend in Damaturu city, Nigeria

This study investigated the trend of urban sprawl and land use land cover change in Damaturu city between 1986 and 2017 using the tools and techniques of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems with the view to examining the direction of the continuous expansion of the city. Landsat imageries of the area were obtained, processed and classified and later overlaid to determine the pattern of changes in land use, direction and extent of expansion during the study period. Findings revealed that the city grows radially which had unprecedented effects on the agricultural lands close to the city. In view of this, the study suggested effective zoning strategy to check the indiscriminate nature of urban expansion whose effects on land use are prominent in the study area. Adequate monitoring by the Development Control Department and other stakeholders in urban planning is equally suggested to mitigate the incompatible land use change in the area.
New Spectral Range Generations from Laser-plasma Interaction

High-intensity laser-produced plasma has been extensively investigated in many studies. In this demonstration, a new spectral range was observed in the resulted spectra from the laser-plasma interaction, which opens up new discussions for new light source generation. Moreover, the characterizations of plasma have been improved through the interaction process of laser-plasma. Three types of laser were incorporated in the measurements, continuous-wave CW He-Ne laser, CW diode green laser, pulse Nd: YAG laser. As the plasma system, DC glow discharge plasma under the vacuum chamber was considered in this research. The plasma spectral peaks were evaluated, where they refer to Nitrogen gas. The results indicated that the plasma intensity increased from several thousands to several tens of thousands through the process of interaction of the Nd: YAG laser with the plasma. This increase in the intensity of the plasma as laser intensity increased occurs regardless of laser wavelength involved in the interaction or not. According to laser-plasma interaction, the so-called full width at half maximum FWHM of the highest peak in the plasma spectrum was broadened from 1.43 to 2.73. Considering the equation of plasma density computing, the plasma density was increased from 1.07× 10 18 to 2.05× 10 18 cm -3 with increasing FWHM. As a result of the interaction, the electron temperature of plasma was increased from 0.176 to 0.782 eV. It was also noticed that the position of the highest peak in the plasma spectrum depends on the interacted laser wavelength.
Integrated Monitoring and Control of Foodborne Viruses in European Food Supply Chains

The concept of VITAL is the integrated risk assessment and management of contamination of the European farm to market food chain by pathogenic viruses. The VITAL consortium was composed of expert practitioners in food analysis, quantitative viral risk assessment (QVRA), risk management, and consumer safety. Together, their vision was an integrated approach to the management of foodborne viruses in Europe.
Utility of a Short Neuropsychological Protocol for Detecting HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders in Patients with Asymptomatic HIV-1 Infection

Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection is a chronic disease that affects ~40 million people worldwide. HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) are common in individuals with HIV-1 Infection, and represent a recent public health problem. Here we evaluate the performance of a recently proposed short protocol for detecting HAND by studying 60 individuals with HIV-1-Infection and 60 seronegative controls from a Caribbean community in Barranquilla, Colombia. The short evaluation protocol used significant neuropsychological tests from a previous study of asymptomatic HIV-1 infected patients and a group of seronegative controls. Brief screening instruments, i.e., the Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) and the International HIV Dementia Scale (IHDS), were also applied. Using machine-learning techniques, we derived predictive models of HAND status, and evaluated their performance with the ROC curves. The proposed short protocol performs exceptionally well yielding sensitivity, specificity, and overall prediction values >90%, and better predictive capacity than that of the MMSE and IHDS. Community-specific cut-off values for HAND diagnosis, based on the MMSE and IHDS, make this protocol suitable for HAND screening in individuals from this Caribbean community. This study shows the effectivity of a recently proposed short protocol to detect HAND in individuals with asymptomatic HIV-1-Infection. The application of community-specific cut-off values for HAND diagnosis in the clinical setting may improve HAND screening accuracy and facilitate patients’ treatment and follow-up. Further studies are needed to assess the performance of this protocol in other Latin American populations.
The optimal timing of Ambu® Aura onceTM Laryngeal Mask Airway insertion with propofol induction

*Correspondence: Peishan Zhao, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, 800 Washington, Street #298, MA 02111, USA, Fax: 617-636-8384; E-mail: Pzhao@tuftsmedicalcenter.org Received Date: 04 Jun 2021 Accepted Date: 03 Jul 2021 Published Date: 06 Jul 2021 Citation: Chen W, Downey R, Sheu R, Qu H, Bonney I, Zhao P. The Optimal Timing of Ambu® AuraOnceTM Laryngeal Mask Airway Insertion with Propofol Induction. Ann Clin Anesth Res. 2021; 5(2): 1040.
Identification of Lifelike Characteristics of Human Crowds Through a Classification Task

Crowd simulations are used extensively to study the dynam- ics of human collectives. Such studies are underpinned by speciﬁc movement models, which encode rules and assump- tions about how people navigate a space and handle interactions with others. These models often give rise to macro- scopic simulated crowd behaviours that are statistically valid, but which lack the noisy microscopic behaviours that are the signature of believable “real” crowds. In this paper, we use an existing “Turing test” for crowds to identify “life- like” features of real crowds that are generally omitted from simulation models. Our previous study using this test estab- lished that untrained individuals have difﬁculty in classifying movies of crowds as “Real” or “Simulated”, and that such people often have an idealised view of how crowds move. In this follow-up study (with new participants) we perform a second trial, which now includes a training phase (show-ing participants movies of real crowds). We ﬁnd that clas- siﬁcation performance signiﬁcantly improves after training, conﬁrming the existence of features that allow participants to identify real crowds. High-performing individuals are able to identify the features of real crowds that should be incor- porated into future simulations if they are to be considered “lifelike”.
Copy Move Forgery Detection Techniques: A Comprehensive Survey of Challenges and Future Directions

Digital Image Forensics is a growing field of image processing that attempts to gain objective proof of the origin and veracity of a visual image. Copy-move forgery detection (CMFD) has currently become an active research topic in the passive/blind image forensics field. There has no doubt that conventional techniques and especially the keypoint based techniques have pushed the CMFD forward in the previous two decades. However, CMFD techniques in general and conventional techniques in particular suffer from several challenges. And thus, increasing approaches are exploiting deep learning for CMFD. In this survey, we cover the conventional and the deep learning based CMFD techniques from a new perspective. We classify the CMFD techniques into several classifications according to the detection methodology, the detection paradigm, and the detection capability . We discuss the challenges facing the CMFD techniques as well as the ways for solving them. In addition, this survey covers the evaluation metrics and datasets commonly utilized for CMFD. Also, we are debating and proposing certain plans for future research. This survey will be helpful for the researchers’ as it master the recent trends of CMFD and outline some future research directions. Keywords—Image forensics; copy-move forgery detection (CMFD); conventional techniques; deep learning techniques
Soil pH and Electrical Conductivity: A Case Study of Damaturu, Northeast Nigeria

The problem of environmental impacts due to soil amendments as a result of climate change, mineral content and soil texture among other factors cannot be overemphasized. The aim of this research work is to determine the spatial variations of the soil pH and electrical conductivity of stations within the study area. The method used in sample collection is the surface scraping and digging to a depth of about 20 cm where each location coordinates is taken using a Global Positioning System (GPS). The samples are stored in labelled plastic containers and taken for laboratory ex-situ measurements. A pH and electrical conductivity meter method is used in the measurement of our parameters. The range for the spatial dependence for both soil pH and EC was found to vary from 3.50 to 7.20 and 37.00 to 315.00 μS/cm respectively. Whereas the nugget, sill and range from the semi-variogram parameters were 0.00342, 0.02344, 0.0960 and 1708.00, 3691.00, 0.2160 for pH and EC respectively. The soil pH result is found to vary from strongly acidic ˂ 5.0 to neutral ˃ 6.5 and the spatial variations of conductivity runs from north to south with low conductivity whereas in the west and eastern zones exhibit high conductivity. This makes soil pH and conductivity a good tool for precision agriculture. Index Terms – soil pH, electrical conductivity, ex-situ measurements, and spatial variations —————————— ——————————
Prototyping the Resource Manager and Central Control System for the Cherenkov Telescope Array

The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) will be the next generation ground-based observatory for gamma-ray astronomy at very-high energies. CTA will consist of two large arrays with 118 Cherenkov telescopes in total, deployed in the Paranal (Chile) and Roque de Los Muchachos (Canary Islands, Spain) Observatories. The Array Control and Data Acquisition (ACADA) system provides the means to execute observations and to handle the acquisition of scientific data in CTA. The Resource Manager & Central Control (RM&CC) sub-system is a core element of the ACADA system. It implements the execution of observation requests received from the scheduler sub-system and provides infrastructure services concerning the administration of various resources to all ACADA sub-systems. The RM&CC is also responsible of the dynamic allocation and management of concurrent operations of up to nine telescope sub-arrays, which are logical groupings of individual CTA telescopes performing coordinated scientific operations. This contribution presents a summary of the main RM&CC design features, and of the future plans for prototyping.
Not to Be Dismissed: The Impact of Populist Radical Right Parties on European Migration Policy

This article examines the impact of populist radical right parties (PRRP) on public opinion towards immigrants in European countries. Pairing attitudinal data from nine waves of European Social Survey, administered biennially between 2002 and 2018, with measures of PRRPs’ electoral success from the Timbro Authoritarian index, I show that the political rise of PRRPs has worsened public opinion towards immigrants in European countries with high levels of political and social trust. This finding highlights that the impact of PRRPs on European migration policy is underestimated when research focuses only on party competition dynamics. By fostering anti-immigrant sentiments, PRRPs might indeed have a greater indirect influence on migration policymaking than existing literature suggests.
Erase and Rewind: Manual Correction of NLP Output through a Web Interface

In this paper, we present Tintful, an NLP annotation software that can be used both to manually annotate texts and to fix mistakes in NLP pipelines, such as Stanford CoreNLP. Using a paradigm similar to wiki-like systems, a user who notices some wrong annotation can easily fix it and submit the resulting (and right) entry back to the tool developers. Moreover, Tintful can be used to easily annotate data from scratch. The input documents do not need to be in a particular format: starting from the plain text, the sentences are first annotated with CoreNLP, then the user can edit the annotations and submit everything back through a user-friendly interface.
Research on the Application Effect of Process Evaluation in the Teaching of Public Elective Courses in the Whole School

In order to cultivate the independence of thinking and the autonomy of learning, the process evaluation system is used to assess the learning results and improve the teaching effect. There are a large number of students in major categories and a large number of students taking school's public elective courses. Therefore, the evaluation system is particularly important, and it is very important to properly embed process evaluation. The study divides the 261 students who took the "Chinese and Foreign Food Culture" into a control group and a test group. Through a comparative analysis of questionnaires and interviews, it was found out that the test group's performance was significantly better than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant. Therefore, embedding procedural evaluation in the public elective courses of the whole school is of obvious significance for improving the teaching effect.
A study to develop a morphological fitness reference values of secondary school children in Sri Lanka

In recent years, the interest in physical fitness assessment in school children has increased in other countries, but in Sri Lanka it is still very low. There is a dearth of reference values of physical fitness including BMI for secondary school children in Sri Lanka. The objectives of this study are to contribute to the available knowledge concerning the assessment body composition (Body Mass Index), identifying sex and age-related norms of body mass index of the secondary school children in Sri Lanka and to compare BMI values of Sri Lankan children with the values of other countries. A quantitative approach was used in this study. Physical fitness assessments were implemented to measure BMI of 1229 students (638 boys and 591 girls) which was a randomly selected sample in the Kandy District. All the data were computed and analyzed to formulate test norms as percentile values, stratified by chronological age groups separately for boys and girls. All the calculations were performed using SPSS vs. 17 for windows. The significant observation is that the BMI percentiles of P5, P10, P90 and P95 of the age groups 11, 12 and 13 of boys are greater than those of the age group14 years. Reasons may be due to changes occurred in adolescent period. Except this unusual pattern, it is revealed that BMI percentiles of the boys and girls gradually increase according to the age from 11 years age to 17 years. According to the data, the lowest P5 of boys BMI is approximately13 and the highest P5 is near 17 . 4. Furthermore, lowest P95 of boys BMI is approximately 18 and the highest P95 is approximately 22 . 6. Furthermore, the lowest P5 of girls BMI is approximately 14 and the highest P5 is approximately 17. Furthermore, lowest P95 of girls BMI was found in year 18 range and the highest P95 found in 22 . 9 range. It can be observed that although the BMI levels of Sri Lankan children (both boys and girls) are not in the range of ‘Needs Improvement-Health Risk (NI-HR)’ they are in the range of ‘Needs improvement’. They are in the margin of very lean level according to the USA norms. However, we cannot say BMI level of Sri Lankan boys and girls are not in a satisfactory level compared to USA standards, because these figures are normative base values. These norms are identical for some specific population .
Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) of bioactive saponin from mahogany seed (Swietenia mahogany Jacq)

Mahogany is frequently used for medicines for cancer, tumor, and diabetes, as it contains saponin and flavonoid. Saponin is a complex glycosydic compound consisted of triterpenoids or steroids. Saponin can be extracted from a plant by using a solvent extraction. Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) is a non-conventional extraction method that use micro waves in the process. This research was conducted by a Complete Random Design with two factors which were extraction time (120, 150, and 180 seconds) and solvent ratio (10:1, 15:1, and 20:1 v/w). The best treatment of MAE were the solvent ratio 15:1 (v/w) for 180 seconds. The best treatment resulting crude saponin extract yield of 41.46%, containing 11.53% total saponins, and 49.17% of antioxidant activity. Meanwhile, the treatment of maceration method were the solvent ratio 20:1 (v/w) for 48 hours resulting 39.86% yield of saponin crude extract, 9.26% total saponins and 56.23% of antioxidant activity. The results showed MAE was more efficient (less time of extraction and solvent amount) than maceration method.
Communication in task-based runtimes for heterogeneous systems

HPC machines in the race for exascale computing are more heterogeneous than ever. The complexity of the systems makes the programming and interoperability of the multiple accelerators a huge task that most of the times the programmer must handle directly. OmpSs-2 Programming model aims to help the programmer handle the heterogeneous systems hiding all the data communication and synchronization efforts and making offloading tasks to different devices easier. This master thesis explores some ways to handle this problems and proposes a framework to add hardware support to OmpSs-2 runtime , without relying in architecture-specific functionalities like unified-memory. The results show that the framework and implementation proposed can increase the performance of the applications when compared with previous versions of the runtime, and is able to easily support the addition of new devices to the OmpSs environment.