Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Biosorption of Cd Papaya (Carica papaya

studied using the batch equilibrium adsorption method. The characteristics of the adsorbent were investigated ent mass and temperature. The FT-IR analysis showed that likely l groups responsible for the adsorption are carboxyl, carbonyl, ups. The pH for optimum adsorption fit well to the Langmuir isotherm. The estima was found to be 63.58 mg/g at 308 K and 90.95 mg/g at K. The kinetic data obeyed the pseudo secondcapacity, ease of sample treatment, as well Carica papaya seed is a promising cost 2+ removal from aqueous environment. : Biosorption, Papaya seed, cadmium, equilibrium, kinetics, isotherm,
J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol., 50, 213–219 (2004)

Enterococci have emerged as the third most common cause of nosocomial infections, requiring bactericidal antimicrobial therapy (Tenover et al., 1993). Approximately 85–90% of enterococcal infections are attributed to E. faecalis and 5–10% to E. faecium (Heaton et al., 1996). Antibiotic resistance among these organisms is being described with increased frequency worldwide and is narrowing the therapeutic options for treatment of enterococcal infections (Handwerger et al., 1992). Correct species identification, optimization of antibiotic susceptibility tests, and determination of the genetic basis of antibiotic resistance are important for preventing this resistance and developing novel antibiotic utilization policies especially for third Determination of antibiotic resistance and resistance plasmids of clinical Enterococcus species
The measurement of quantum entanglement and enumeration of graph coverings

We provide formulas for invariants defined on a tensor product of defining representations of unitary groups, under the action of the product group. This situation has a physical interpretation, as it is related to the quantum mechanical state space of a multi-particle system in which each particle has finitely many outcomes upon observation. Moreover, these invariant functions separate the entangled and unentangled states, and are therefore viewed as measurements of quantum entanglement. When the ranks of the unitary groups are large, we provide a graph theoretic interpretation for the dimension of the invariants of a fixed degree. We also exhibit a bijection between isomorphism classes of finite coverings of connected simple graphs and a basis for the space of invariants. The graph coverings are related to branched coverings of surfaces.
Smoothly Graded Ca 2 + Release from Inositol 1 , 4 , 5-Trisphosphate-sensitive Ca 2 + Stores "

Stimulation of cells with Ca'+-mobilizing hormones often leads to the generation of temporally and spatially complex changes in the intracellular Ca'+ ion concentration ([Ca"],). To understand the mechanisms regulating Ca2+ release from intracellular stores more clearly, we investigated the ability of histamine to release Ca" stores under different experimental conditions, using video imaging of single Fura-2-loaded HeLa cells. In Ca'+-free medium, stepwise increases in histamine concentration released an increasing proportion of the intracellular Ca2+ pool. This pattern of Ca2+ release is analogous to the "quantal" release of Ca2+ previously observed using permeabilized cells. Quantal Ca'+ release was observed at both 20 and 37 "C and was not due to inactivation or desensitization of the Ca" release mechanism, since application of histamine i n a pulsatile manner, which avoided desensitization of the Caa"-release mechanism, still produced a quantal response. In Ca'+containing medium at both 20 and 37 "C, stepwise increases in histamine concentration evoked [Ca2+1, responses where the amplitude was smoothly graded in direct proportion to the histamine concentration. Similar smoothly graded responses were observed from HeLa cells in Ca'+-free medium. These data indicate that hormone-evoked Caz+ release from intracellular stores is limited by the hormone concentration, and that the mechanisms underlying complex ICa2+li signals do not lead to an all-or-none release of Ca'+ from the entire intracellular Ca2+ pool. We suggest that the hormonesensitive intracellular Cas" pool is composed of functionally discrete units that are recruited by agonists in a concentration-dependent manner.
Vectored Route-length Minimization - A Heuristic and An Open Conjecture

We propose a simple but interesting graph theoretic problem and posited a heuristic solution procedure, which we have christened as Vectored Route-length Minimization Search (VeRMinS). Basically, it constitutes of a re-casting of the classical 'shortest route' problem within a strictly Euclidean space. We have only presented a heuristic solution process with the hope that a formal proof will eventually emerge as the problem receives wider exposure within mathematical circles.
Missing Information Reconstruction of Land Surface Temperature Data Based on LPRN

Temperature is the main driving force of most ecological processes on Earth, with temperature data often used as a key environmental indicator to guide various applications and research fields. However, collected temperature data are limited by the hardware conditions of the sensors and atmospheric conditions such as clouds, resulting in temperature data that are often incomplete. This affects the accuracy of results using the data. Machine learning methods have been applied to the task of completing missing data, with mixed results. We propose a new data reconstruction framework to improve this performance. Using the MODIS LST map over a span of 9 years (2000–2008), we reconstruct the land surface temperature (LST) data. The experimental results show that, compared with the traditional reconstruction method of LST data, the proportion of effective pixels of the LST data reconstructed by the new framework is increased by 3%–7%, and the optimization effect of the method is close to 20%. The experiment also discussed the influence of different altitudes on the data reconstruction effect and the influence of different loss functions on the experimental results.
Subgroup classification in Out(F_n)

For any subgroup H of Out(F_n), either H has a finite index subgroup that fixes the conjugacy class of some proper, nontrivial free factor of F_n, or H contains a fully irreducible element phi, meaning that no positive power of phi fixes the conjugacy class of any proper, nontrivial free factor of F_n.
ON THE BIOLOGY OF BACTERIAL SPORES ' 0

E. STATEN WYNNE2 Department of Pathology (Division of Experimental Pathology), University of Texas M. D. Anderson Hospital for Cancer Research, Houston, Texas C. F. SCHMIDT' Research Department, Continental Can Company, Chicago, Illinois HAROLD R. CURRAN' Bureau of Dairy Industry, Agricultural Research Administration, United States Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C. MAX LEVINE Bureau of Laboratories, Territorial Department of Health, Honolulu
CONTROLLED DELIVERY OF ANTIRETROVIRAL DRUG-LOADED CROSS-LINKED MICROSPHERES BY IONIC GELATION METHOD

Objective: Lamivudine (LVD) is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor originally developed as an antiretroviral drug and primarily used in the treatment of most common chronic disease of the planet, acquired immune deficiency syndrome and hepatitis B. The main objective of the study is to develop controlled drug delivery system to increase the efficacy of antiretroviral drug, LVD against human immunodeficiency virus infections. Methods: The microencapsulation of LVD in gelatin microspheres was carried out by cross-linking process with glutaraldehyde saturated toluene using ionic-gelation method. The prepared microspheres were evaluated for particle size analysis, % yield value, % drug content, drug entrapment efficiency, scanning electron microscopy for surface morphology, swelling index, accelerated stability studies, Fourier transform infrared radiation spectroscopy (FT-IR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) for polymer drug compatibility, in vitro dissolution efficiency and release kinetic studies. Results: The obtained microspheres showed very smooth surface and exhibited regular spherical geometry due to higher crosslinking density. FT-IR and DSC revealed the absence of drug polymer interactions. The percentage yield, entrapment efficiency and drug content for F6 LVD microspheres was found to be 79.31%, 65.55% and 96.25% respectively. The particle size was ranged from 34.61% to 51.45 μm sizes and in vitro release profile showed that cross-linking density of gelatin microspheres effectively controlled the release of LVD. Conclusion: The findings of our investigation demonstrated that F6 of gelatin-LVD microspheres had good controlled release profile with maximum entrapment efficiency and prolonged drug release for 24 hrs or longer and this formulation would be capable of overcoming the drawbacks and limitations of LVD conventional dosage forms.
Notes on the Cauchy Problem for Backward Stochastic Partial Differential Equations

Backward stochastic partial differential equations of parabolic type with variable coefficients are considered in the whole Euclidean space. Improved existence and uniqueness results are given in the Sobolev space $H^n$ ($=W^n_2$) under weaker assumptions than those used by X. Zhou [Journal of Functional Analysis 103, 275--293 (1992)]. As an application, a comparison theorem is obtained.
SURFACE LINKS WHICH ARE COVERINGS OVER THE STANDARD TORUS

We consider surface links in the 4-space or the 4-sphere which can be described in braid forms over the standard torus, which we call torus- covering-links. Torus-covering-links include spun T 2 -knots, turned spun T 2 - knots, symmetry-spun tori and torus T 2 -knots. In this paper we give examples of interesting torus-covering-links, namely, torus-covering T 2 -links which are ribbon but not symmetry-spun T 2 -links, and a torus-covering T 2 -knot whose triple point number is positive.
Weight structures vs. $t$-structures; weight filtrations, spectral sequences, and complexes (for motives and in general)

In this paper we introduce a new notion of a weight structure (w) for a triangulated category C; this notion is an important natural counterpart to the notion of t-structures. This allows to generalize certain results of the previous paper [11] to a large class of triangulated categories and functors. The heart of w is an additive Hw C; there are no non-trivial C-distinguished triangles in Hw. We prove that a weight structure defines Postnikov towers for any X2 ObjC (whose "factors" are X i 2 ObjHw); these towers are canonical and functorial "up to zero cohomology". For any (co)homological functor H : C! A (A is abelian) we construct a weight spectral sequence T : H(X i [j]) =) H(X[i+j]); it is canonical and functorial starting from E2. This spectral sequences specializes to the usual weight spectral sequences for "classical" realizations of (Voevodsky’s) motives and to the Atiyah-Hirzebruch sequence in topology. We prove that K0(C) = K0(Hw) in the bounded case if Hw is idempotent complete. Under certain restrictions, we prove a similar equality for K0(EndC). We define a canonical conservative weakly exact functor t from C to a certain weak category of complexes Kw(Hw).
ASSESSING THE ROLE OF MICRO AND SMALL LOANS CENTRE (MASLOC) IN ENHANCING THE GROWTH OF MICRO AND SMALL-SCALE ENTERPRISES (MSEs) AS A STRATEGY TO ALLEVIATE POVERTY IN THE CENTRAL REGION OF GHANA

The paper sets a platform discussing the barriers hindering the marketing activities and plans of the Small Medium Enterprise. The small firms possess certain characteristics, which serve to differentiate them from the large organization. The study discussed the characteristic of Small Medium Enterprise and differentiates them from the larger organization. Many observed problems stemmed from businesses failing to practice marketing or produce marketing strategy and plans. The classical management concepts are unsuitable for application in a Small Medium Enterprise context, with research suggesting non-implementation of theoretically based marketing practice is the rule rather than the exception in the small firm. This paper reviews issues pertaining to marketing practice of strategy and planning in the small firm, acknowledges inherent weaknesses with regard to marketing in small firms, reviews marketing practice in the context of small firm characteristics, and considers the roles of owner/managers in improving small firm’s marketing practice. The researcher used the desk study reviewing previous studies in the related field. The finding of this paper is that the marketing function in Small Medium Enterprises is hindered by constraints such as poor cash flow, lack of marketing expertise, a lack of strategic expertise, business size, and tactical customer related problems. The recommendation done through the analysis is that Small business marketing can be done through the use of Small Medium Enterprises marketing toolkit that guide and help to develop and to implement their marketing efforts. Small Medium Enterprises must focus on being closer to the customers in every sense since thus were where most of their strength and possibilities exists and a well-planned and well implemented marketing strategy helps Small Medium Enterprises to present strong value proposition that build customers loyalty.
Text Categorization using Semantic and Discriminative Selected Features

—Data mining is also known as knowledge discovery is a task of analysing data from several outlook and summarize it into useful information. It has huge application in the area of classiﬁcation such as pattern identiﬁcation. Feature selection has been a condemnatory exploration subject in pattern mining, in light of the factor that the actual datasets frequently have huge dimensional elements, ex. The bio-computing and content data mining applications. Lot of a ongoingchannelfeatureselectionmethod-rankapproachbyadvancingcertainelementrankingorder,such that interconnected elements normally have comparable rankings. These connected components are tedious and don’t give considerable shared data which help data mining. So, when we select a set number of features, we plan to select the top non-repetitive elements such that the expensive common data can be boost. Feature Selection model to minimize the repetition between accordingly selected features. In any case, this structure uses the impatient hunt, through these lines the global component wasn’t reviewed and the outcome are not perfect. Text categorization is a set of categories and collection of document, the activity of searching topic for each document. Predeﬁne categories and ladled document classify newer document and done standard classiﬁcation problem. Single label categorization, each document belongs to exactly one category. For improving the performance text categorization here use Kullback-Leibler (KL) Divergence and Jefferys Divergence as binomial representation that matter type I and type II errors of Bayesian classiﬁer. Then introduce a new divergence measure called Jefferys Multi Hypothesis (JMH) Divergence for multiclass classiﬁcation. Develop two efﬁcient method of feature selection ﬁrst is maximum discrimination and second is maximum discrimination X 2 . Further to improve the bios capacity feature selection algorithm by weighting each distinct feature. The promising results of extensive experiment demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
The Signal Anchor and Stem Regions of the ,&Galactoside a2,6=Sialyltransferase May Each Act to Localize the Enzyme to the Golgi Apparatus*

The &galactoside a2,6-~ialyltransferase has been lo- calized to the trans cisternae of the Golgi apparatus and the trans Golgi network where it transfers sialic acid residues to terminal positions on N-linked oligo- saccharides. It is a type I1 transmembrane protein possessing a %amino acid amino-terminal cytoplasmic tail, a 17-amino acid signal anchor domain, and a 36- amino acid stem region which tethers the large luminal catalytic domain to the membrane anchor. Previous work has demonstrated that the soluble sialyltransferase catalytic domain is rapidly secreted from Chinese hamster ovary cells. These results suggest that the signals for Golgi apparatus localization do not reside in the catalytic domain of the enzyme but must reside in the cytoplasmic tail, signal anchor domain, andlor stem region. To determine which amino-terminal regions are required for Golgi apparatus localization, mutant sialyltransferase proteins were constructed by in vitro oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis, ex- pressed in Cos-1 cells, and localized by indirect immunofluorescence microscopy. Signal cleavage-sialyl- transferase mutants which consist of only the stem and catalytic domain of the enzyme are not rapidly secreted but are retained intracellularly and predominantly localized
JSJ decompositions of Coxeter groups over FA subgroups

A group G has property FA if G fixes a point of every tree on which G acts without inversions. We prove that every Coxeter system of finite rank has a visual JSJ decomposition over subgroups with property FA. As an application, we reduce the twist conjecture to Coxeter systems that are indecomposable with respect to amalgamated products over visual subgroups with property FA.
A Structural Analys is of Curve D e f o r m a t i o n by Di scont inuous Transformat ions

1 I n t r o d u c t i o n Shape description has been an important research subject in image analysis, computer graphics, and pat tern recognition. The criteria and feature selection for shape description depend on the particular applications. In particular, handwriting recognition has been a main theme in both theory and practice of pat tern recognition. A prime difficulty of handwriting recognition is the variety of shape deformations and it leads to some unique requirelnents for the shape description as follows: The shape deformations of handwrit ten characters are elastic, highly nonlinear, and therefore, difficult to analyze. For describing such complex objects, some global, qualitative, structural features are appropriate rather than local, quanti tat ive descriptions based on some analytical or statistical shape models. Such discontinuous deformations as caused by stroke connections are unique to handwrit ten characters. The shape description must bc robust against and accommodate such deformations so that various deformed pat terns (:an be represented by a small nmnber of classes. Throughout more than a quarter of a century of researches, it has been found that such features as quasi-topological features (convexity, concavity, and loop), quantized directional features, and singularities (branch points and crossings) are effective and powerful for the shape description of handwrit ten characters. Based on this observation, Nishida and Mori [5], Nishida [1], [2] presented a (:lear, rigorous method for structural description and feature extraction of thinline pictures in terms of globM, qualitative features. Shapes can be described
Melodic Cue Abstraction, Similarity and Category Formation: A Computational Approach

One significant component of musical understanding is the abilit y of listeners to cluster together musical materials into categories such as motives, themes and so on. Sa lie t musical features enable listeners to make similarity judgements between various musical material s and to organise these materials in meaningful groups. It is maintained, in this study, that feature sa li nce, similarity judgements and categorisation processes are inextricably bound together in a way that ea c of these can be defined only in relation to the rest.
Critical Issues of Sustainability Associated with Quarry Activities

The concern that quarry activities threaten the sustainability of total environment in many developing countries is on the increase. To address this issue with affordable solution, Iyuku community of Auchi, Nigeria, has been investigated. Field study found micro to mega cracks on the wall of structures, often causing collapse. Abandoned pits turn pond, causing groundwater pollution, and breed disease vectors. Noise from rock blasting and other quarry operations are responsible for loss of biodiversity particularly birds. Soil samples were collected at depths 0-15 and 15-30 cm from the three quarry sites and from a control, 1 km off the quarry sites, against the direction of drainage. Water sample was also collected from an abandoned quarry pit turned pond. These samples were analyzed for heavy metals and physico-chemical properties. Atomic Absorption Spectrophometer (VGP 210 Bulk scientific) was used for heavy metal analysis and Flame photometer (M410 SHERWOOD) was used to measure sodium and potassium. All physico-chemical properties and heavy metals tested of the soil showed positive anomaly with the control (background values), confirming total degradation and unsustainable mining practice. Future study will focus on the chemistry and level of dust in ambient air, and how to minimize blasting vibrations and noise level in the area.
Triple-Point Defective Surfaces

In this paper we study the linear series $|L-3p|$ of hyperplane sections with a triple point $p$ on a surface $S$ embedded via a very ample line bundle $L$ for a \emph{general} point $p$. If this linear series does not have the expected dimension we call $(S,L)$ \emph{triple-point defective}. We show that on a triple-point defective surface through a general point every hyperplane section has either a triple component or the surface is rationally ruled and the hyperplane section contains twice a fibre of the ruling.
Morphometry of peripheral arteries in the assessment of the cardiovascular risk

Introduction. The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that ultrasound measurements of common carotid artery (CCAd) and brachial artery (BAd) diameters represent markers of higher coronary artery disease risk (CAD, defined as ≥ 50% reduction in diameter of at least one large coronary artery segment). Materials and methods. Seventy-one patients (pts) evaluated for suspected stable CAD (23.9% women, age 61.5 ± 7.5) underwent ultrasound measurements of averaged diameters of both common carotid arteries and the brachial artery diameter of dominant arm. Clinical protocol included also: standard medical examination, assessment of biochemical parameters, resting electrocardiography, treadmill exercise test and transthoracic echocardiography. Diagnosis was established using quantitative coronary angiography measurements and calculation of Gensini Score (GS). Results. Angiographic CAD was present in 43 (60.5%) patients. Average CCAd was larger in CAD group (7.97 ± 0.96 mm vs. 7.37 ± 0.67 mm, p = 0.0052), similar to BAd (5.06 ± 0.65 vs. 4.68 ± 0.75, p = 0.03), respectively. The peripheral arterial diameters correlated with values of GS index, more pronounced for CCAd (ρ = 0.35, p = 0.0023) than for BAd (ρ = 0.24, p = 0.0368). CCAd significantly more positively correlated with the distal coronary artery segments values of the GS index (ρ = 0.35, p = 0.0024), whereas the diameter of BA with the proximal segments values of GS index (ρ = 0.239, p = 0.045). CCA and BD diameters indexed to body surface area (BSA) showed a strong trend toward larger average diameters in CAD patients: CCAd/BSA index: 4.06 ± 0.46 mm/m vs. 3.85 ± 0.56 mm/m, p = 0.087, BAd/BSA index: 2.57 ± 0.29 mm/m vs. 2.42 ± 0.35 mm/m, p = 0.057. Gensini score significantly correlated with CCAd/BSA index (ρ = 0.24, p = 0.043) with a strong trend of positive correlation between GS index and BAd/BSA index (ρ = 0.21, p = 0.076). Conclusions. The diameters of common carotid arteries and the brachial artery of dominant arm are greater in CAD pts. Peripheral arteries ultrasound may complement classic diagnostic pathway of stable coronary artery disease.