Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Combinatorics and topology of toric arrangements defined by root systems

Given the toric (or toral) arrangement defined by a root system $\Phi$, we describe the poset of its layers (connected components of intersections) and we count its elements. Indeed we show how to reduce to zero-dimensional layers, and in this case we provide an explicit formula involving the maximal subdiagrams of the affine Dynkin diagram of $\Phi$. Then we compute the Euler characteristic and the Poincare' polynomial of the complement of the arrangement, which is the set of regular points of the torus.
Design and Development of 3D Printed Dental Drill Guide for Better Flow of Irrigant at Drilling Site

The aim of this study was to design and fabricate a dental drill guide with built-in external irrigation mechanism for improved flow of irrigant at the drilling site to restrict the bone temperature below the threshold of thermal necrosis i.e. 47 °C during implant site preparation. This guide was compared with the conventional type 3D printed drill guide (commercially available in the market) in terms of heat generated while drilling. Temperature was measured with K type thermocouple and data acquisition system using PPMA as a work piece instead of bone. Constant drilling load of 1.7 Kg was applied using a dedicated experimental setup. Drill speed was kept constant at 1200 rpm throughout the experimentation. Temperature was measured at the depths of 3, 7 and 11 mm with the help of thermocouples placed perpendicular to the drill axis. Incremental drilling as prescribed the drill manufacturer was performed. More than 10% improvement in maximum temperature was recorded at all the drilling locations when new drill guide was used.
Invariance and the twisted Chern character : a case study

We give details of the proof of the remark made in \cite{G2} that the Chern characters of the canonical generators on the K homology of the quantum group $SU_q(2)$ are not invariant under the natural $SU_q(2)$ coaction. Furthermore, the conjecture made in \cite{G2} about the nontriviality of the twisted Chern character coming from an odd equivariant spectral triple on $SU_q(2)$ is settled in the affirmative.
EMBROIDERED SPLIT RING RESONATOR ANTENNA

A textile integrated antenna made of a dipole and split ring resonators (SRR) produced by embroidery is under consideration. A size reduction of the antenna was achieved by means of a resonance of the SRRs and connection loss was lessened by using a copper wire for the dipole. Embroidery for SRR fabrication with metallic yarn was studied in order to achieve a minimal distance between concentric rings, and an antenna was designed and produced. The manufactured antenna showed a double band operation at 1.8 and 2.2 GHz with a measured gain of 0 and -3.1 dBi, respectively.
Rational minimal-twist motions on curves with rotation-minimizing Euler-Rodrigues frames

A minimal twist frame (f 1(ξ), f2(ξ), f3(ξ)) on a polynomial space curve r(ξ), ξ ∈ [ 0, 1 ] is an orthonormal frame, where f1(ξ) is the tangent and the normal–plane vectors f2(ξ), f3(ξ) have the least variation between given initial and final instances f2(0), f3(0) and f2(1), f3(1). Namely, if ω = ω1f1+ω2f2+ω3f3 is the frame angular velocity, the component ω1 does not change sign, and its arc length integral has the smallest value consistent with the boundary conditions. We consider construction of curves with rational minimal twist frames, based on the Pythagorean– hodograph curves of degree 7 that have rational rotation–minimizing Euler–Rodrigues frames (e1(ξ), e2(ξ), e3(ξ)) — i.e., the normal–plane vectors e2(ξ), e3(ξ) have no rotation about the tangent e1(ξ). A set of equations that govern the construction of such curves with prescribed initial/final points and tangents, and total arc length, is derived. For the resulting curves f2(ξ), f3(ξ) are then obtained from e2(ξ), e3(ξ) by a monotone rational normal–plane rotation, subject to the boundary conditions. A selection of computed examples is included to illustrate the construction, and it is shown that the desirable feature of a uniform rotation rate (i.e., ω1 = constant) can be accurately approximated.
Tsirelson like operator spaces

We construct nontrivial examples of weak‐ Cp (1≤p≤∞) operator spaces with the local operator space structure very close to Cp=[R,C]1p . These examples are non‐homogeneous Hilbertian operator spaces, and their constructions are similar to that of 2‐convexified Tsirelson's space by W. B. Johnson.
THE n-HOMOLOGY OF REPRESENTATIONS.

The n-homology groups of a g-module provide a natural and fruit- ful extension of the concept of highest weight to the representation theory of a noncompact reductive Lie group. In this article we give an introduction to the n-homology groups and a survey of some developments, with a particu- lar emphasis on results pertaining to the problem of caculating n-homology groups.
PREDITORES ECOCARDIOGRÁFICOS DE PROGNÓSTICO NA INSUFICIÊNCIA CARDÍACA POR DISFUNÇÃO SISTÓLICA VENTRICULAR ESQUERDA ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC PROGNOSTIC PREDICTORS IN HEART FAILURE DUE TO LEFT VENTRICULAR SYSTOLIC DYSFUNCTION

Analysis of echocardiographic data obtained in clinical trials has established the main prognostic predictors in patients with systolic heart failure. Conventional prognostic predictors of heart failure include left ventricular ejection fraction, left ventricular end-diastolic dimension, and left ventricular filling pressure by transmitral flow. New parameters using tissue Doppler and combined use of independent prognostic variables have been studied to help risk stratification in patients with systolic heart failure.
Bioethical Personal Views on the Medical Care for Elderly People in the So-Called “Terminal Phase”: A Proposal of a Comprehensive Consensus- Building Process as Part of the Double Roles of Physicians

Medical care for elderly people in the so-called “terminal phase” is a major concern for both medical professionals and social communities. In this report, discussions at three academic conferences and among my research team are introduced based on individual case reports, in addition to presentation of my bioethical personal views: Longevity is determined by “heaven”, A family’s intentions should not be accepted without questioning, A comprehensive consensus-building process is needed as part of the double roles of physicians, and Medical life and dignity principles are required, separately from life supremacism and value beyond individuals.
Aplidin TM Induces Apoptosis in Human Cancer Cells via Glutathione Depletion and Sustained Activation of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor, Src, JNK, and p38 MAPK*

We report that Aplidin TM , a novel antitumor agent of marine origin presently undergoing Phase II clinical trials, induced growth arrest and apoptosis in human MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells at nanomolar concentrations. Aplidin TM induced a specific cellular stress response pro-gram, including sustained activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), the non-receptor protein-tyrosine kinase Src, and the serine/threonine kinases JNK and p38 MAPK. Aplidin TM -induced apoptosis was only partially blocked by the general caspase inhibitor benzyloxycarbonyl-VAD-fluoromethyl ketone and was also sensitive to AG1478 (an EGFR inhibitor), PP2 (an Src inhibitor), and SB203580 (an inhibitor of JNK and p38 MAPK) in MDA-MB-231 cells. Supporting a role for EGFR
Notes on monotone Lagrangian twist tori

We construct monotone Lagrangian tori in the standard symplectic vector space, in the complex projective space and in products of spheres. We explain how to classify these Lagrangian tori up to symplectomorphism and Hamiltonian isotopy, and how to show that they are not displaceable by Hamiltonian isotopies.
Derivation of the time dependent Gross–Pitaevskii equation with external fields

Using a new method [19], it is possible to derive mean field equations from the microscopic N body Schrodinger evolution of interacting particles without using BBGKY hierarchies. This method also allows for error estimates and can be generalized to systems with external fields, of which both points are relevant from a physics perspective. Recently, this method was used to derive the Hartree equation for singular interactions [11] and the Gross–Pitaevskii equation without positivity condition on the interaction [17] where one had to restrict the scaling behavior of the interaction. Assuming positivity of the interaction, this paper deals with more general scalings including the so-called Gross–Pitaevskii scaling.
A CMOS–memristor hybrid system for implementing stochastic binary spike timing-dependent plasticity

This paper describes a fully experimental hybrid system in which a 4×4 memristive crossbar spiking neural network (SNN) was assembled using custom high-resistance state memristors with analogue CMOS neurons fabricated in 180 nm CMOS technology. The custom memristors used NMOS selector transistors, made available on a second 180 nm CMOS chip. One drawback is that memristors operate with currents in the micro-amperes range, while analogue CMOS neurons may need to operate with currents in the pico-amperes range. One possible solution was to use a compact circuit to scale the memristor-domain currents down to the analogue CMOS neuron domain currents by at least 5–6 orders of magnitude. Here, we proposed using an on-chip compact current splitter circuit based on MOS ladders to aggressively attenuate the currents by over 5 orders of magnitude. This circuit was added before each neuron. This paper describes the proper experimental operation of an SNN circuit using a 4×4 1T1R synaptic crossbar together with four post-synaptic CMOS circuits, each with a 5-decade current attenuator and an integrate-and-fire neuron. It also demonstrates one-shot winner-takes-all training and stochastic binary spike-timing-dependent-plasticity learning using this small system. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Advanced neurotechnologies: translating innovation for health and well-being’.
Counting the spanning trees of a directed line graph

The line graph LG of a directed graph G has a vertex for every edge of G and an edge for every path of length 2 in G. In 1967, Knuth used the Matrix-Tree Theorem to prove a formula for the number of spanning trees of LG, and he asked for a bijective proof. In this paper, we give a bijective proof of a generating function identity due to Levine which generalizes Knuth's formula. As a result of this proof we find a bijection between binary de Bruijn sequences of degree n and binary sequences of length 2^{n-1}. Finally, we determine the critical groups of all the Kautz graphs and de Bruijn graphs, generalizing a result of Levine.
The integral cohomology of configuration spaces of pairs of points in real projective spaces

Abstract. We compute the integral cohomology ring of configuration spaces of two points on a given real projective space. Apart from an integral class, the resulting ring is a quotient of the known integral cohomology of the dihedral group of order 8 (in the case of unordered configurations, thus has only 2- and 4-torsion) or of the elementary abelian 2-group of rank 2 (in the case of ordered configurations, thus has only 2-torsion). As an application, we complete the computation of the symmetric topological complexity of real projective spaces with and .
Petrographic and Geochemical Properties of the Keban Magmatic Rocks (Keban- Elazığ)

Article history Received : 20 February 2021 Accepted :13 March 2021 In this study, the petrographic and geochemical characteristics of Late Cretaceous-Middle Eocene Keban magmatic rocks were examined in KebanElazığ. Apart from the Keban Magmatic rocks, the other units outcropping around the region are the Late Devonian-Late Triassic Keban Metamorphics, Paleogene-Neogene sedimentary units and Plio-Quaternary alluviums. The investigated rocks are represented by syenite porphyry and quartzmonzonites belonging to Keban Magmatic rocks, which cut the Keban metamorphic rocks. The Keban Magmatic rocks consist of the main minerals are K-feldspar (mega-phenocrystal), plagioclase, amphibole, biotite and quartz minerals, which shows porphyric, porphyric holocrystalline, poikilitic texture in general. All the samples are shoshonitic in composition and fall into the A-type granitoid region. The tectonic environment of the investigated rocks is post-collisional granites.
Wall-attached structures in a drag-reduced turbulent channel flow

Abstract We explore wall-attached structures in a drag-reduced turbulent channel flow with the Navier slip boundary condition. Three-dimensional coherent structures of the streamwise velocity fluctuations (u) are examined in an effort to assess the influence of wall-attached u structures on drag reduction. We extract the u clusters from the direct numerical simulation (DNS) data; the DNS data for the no-slip condition are included for comparison. The wall-attached structures, which are physically adhered to the wall, in the logarithmic region are self-similar with their height and contribute to the presence of logarithmic behaviour. The influence of the streamwise slip on wall-attached structures is limited up to the lower bound of the logarithmic region. Although wall-attached self-similar structures (WASS) slide at the wall, the formation and hierarchy of WASS are sustained. Weakened mean shear by the streamwise slip results in a diminution in the population density of wall-attached structures within the buffer layer, leading to sparse population of WASS. In contrast, the space occupied by WASS in the fluid domain increases. The streamwise slip induces long tails in the near-wall part of WASS, reminiscent of the footprints of large-scale motions. Both a decrease in the population density of WASS and a reduction in the density of skin friction of WASS are responsible for the overall drag reduction.
Evolution and Electoral Implications of Congressional Gun Control Issue Framing: “From Crime Control to Mass Shootings”

Abstract This paper traces the political development of Congressional gun control issue framing (with a specific focus from the early 1990s to the present), demonstrating that there have been two primary contexts in which gun control policy has been debated over this time frame: as a component of general crime control and as a specific response to mass shooting events. It identifies the primary historical, political, and electoral forces shaping the gun control debate in a given period while distinguishing the critical changes that drove the evolution from a crime control to a mass shooting focus. It assesses the degree of policy coherence and electoral salience specific to each context, illuminating why “gun control as crime control” had bipartisan Congressional support in the early 1990s and identifying what comparative disadvantages hinder the mass shooting focus of the present while also recognizing that the latter unfolded against a backdrop of heighted partisan polarization. The paper concludes that although one cannot compare the crime control and mass shooting framing contexts in a political vacuum, the electoral implications particular to each are relevant for understanding legislative action or inaction in Congress over the past thirty years, if more so in some periods than others.
Exploiting Nil-external Interfaces for Fast Replicated Storage

Do some storage interfaces enable higher performance than others? Can one identify and exploit such interfaces to realize high performance in storage systems? This article answers these questions in the affirmative by identifying nil-externality, a property of storage interfaces. A nil-externalizing (nilext) interface may modify state within a storage system but does not externalize its effects or system state immediately to the outside world. As a result, a storage system can apply nilext operations lazily, improving performance. In this article, we take advantage of nilext interfaces to build high-performance replicated storage. We implement Skyros, a nilext-aware replication protocol that offers high performance by deferring ordering and executing operations until their effects are externalized. We show that exploiting nil-externality offers significant benefit: For many workloads, Skyros provides higher performance than standard consensus-based replication. For example, Skyros offers 3× lower latency while providing the same high throughput offered by throughput-optimized Paxos.
Grasses through space and time: An overview of the biogeographical and macroevolutionary history of Poaceae

Grasses are widespread on every continent and are found in all terrestrial biomes. The dominance and spread of grasses and grassland ecosystems have led to significant changes in Earth′s climate, geochemistry, and biodiversity. The abundance of DNA sequence data, particularly chloroplast sequences, and advances in placing grass fossils within the family allows for a reappraisal of the family′s origins, timing, and geographic spread and the factors that have promoted diversification. We reconstructed a time‐calibrated grass phylogeny and inferred ancestral areas using chloroplast DNA sequences from nearly 90% of extant grass genera. With a few notable exceptions, the phylogeny is well resolved to the subtribal level. The family began to diversify in the Early–Late Cretaceous (crown age of 98.54 Ma) on West Gondwana before the complete split between Africa and South America. Vicariance from the splitting of Gondwana may be responsible for the initial divergence in the family. However, Africa clearly served as the center of origin for much of the early diversification of the family. With this phylogenetic, temporal, and spatial framework, we review the evolution and biogeography of the family with the aim to facilitate the testing of biogeographical hypotheses about its origins, evolutionary tempo, and diversification. The current classification of the family is discussed with an extensive review of the extant diversity and distribution of species, molecular and morphological evidence supporting the current classification scheme, and the evidence informing our understanding of the biogeographical history of the family.
Utilising the ‘COM‐B’ bio‐psychosocial approach to aid diabetes management

With many individuals living with diabetes failing to make the necessary behaviour change to optimise glycaemic control1 it is imperative that staff involved in their care have the skills required to guide them in this respect. The COM‐B assists in this regard as it provides a behaviour‐change model based on scientific evidence and theory in a practical and accessible format, which enables non‐specialists to design and implement behaviour‐change interventions. This paper reports a case of psychological assessment, formulation and intervention in a patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus associated anxiety and sub‐optimal diabetes management. It highlights: (1) the importance of a bio‐psychological approach to assessment and formulation; (2) the value of involving the patient in their care from the outset; and (3) the ease at which the COM‐B can be routinely applied in clinical settings. Copyright © 2022 John Wiley & Sons.
Chern characters and Hirzebruch-Riemann-Roch formula for matrix factorizations

We study the category of matrix factorizations for an isolated hypersurface singularity. We compute the canonical bilinear form on the Hochschild homology of this category. We find explicit expressions for the Chern character and the boundary-bulk maps and derive an analog of the Hirzebruch-Riemann-Roch formula for the Euler characteristic of the Hom-space between a pair of matrix factorizations. We also establish G-equivariant versions of these results.
Cladribine Treatment for MS Preserves the Differentiative Capacity of Subsequently Generated Monocytes, Whereas Its Administration In Vitro Acutely Influences Monocyte Differentiation but Not Microglial Activation

Cladribine (2-chlorodeoxyadenosine, 2CdA) is one of the most effective disease-modifying drugs for multiple sclerosis (MS). Cladribine is a synthetic purine nucleoside analog that induces cell death of lymphocytes and oral cladribine treatment leads to a long-lasting disease stabilization, potentially attributable to immune reconstitution. In addition to its effects on lymphocytes, cladribine has been shown to have immunomodulatory effects on innate immune cells, including dendritic cells and monocytes, which could also contribute to its therapeutic efficacy. However, whether cladribine can modulate human macrophage/microglial activation or monocyte differentiation is currently unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the immunomodulatory effects of cladribine upon monocytes, monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) and microglia. We analyzed the phenotype and differentiation of monocytes from MS patients receiving their first course of oral cladribine both before and three weeks after the start of treatment. Flow cytometric analysis of monocytes from MS patients undergoing cladribine treatment revealed that the number and composition of CD14/CD16 monocyte subsets remained unchanged after treatment. Furthermore, after differentiation with M-CSF, such MDMs from treated MS patients showed no difference in gene expression of the inflammatory markers compared to baseline. We further investigated the direct effects of cladribine in vitro using human adult primary MDMs and microglia. GM-CSF-derived MDMs were more sensitive to cell death than M-CSF-derived MDMs. In addition, MDMs treated with cladribine showed increased expression of costimulatory molecules CD80 and CD40, as well as expression of anti-inflammatory, pro-trophic genes IL10 and MERTK, depending on the differentiation condition. Cladribine treatment in vitro did not modulate the expression of activation markers in human microglia. Our study shows that cladribine treatment in vitro affects the differentiation of monocytes into macrophages by modulating the expression of activation markers, which might occur similarly in tissue after their infiltration in the CNS during MS.
Generalized affine buildings

In the present thesis geometric properties of non-discrete affine buildings are studied. We cover in particular affine $\Lambda$-buildings, which were introduced by Curtis Bennett in 1990 and which already have proven to be useful for applications. The main results are as follow: First we prove an extension theorem for ecological isomorphisms of buildings at infinity. Further, complementing a joint project with L. Kramer and R. Weiss, we give an algebraic proof of the existence of (necessarily) non-discrete affine buildings having Suzuki-Ree buildings at infinity. Most of the effort is put in the generalization of Kostant's convexity theorem for symmetric spaces in the setting of simplicial affine and affine $\Lambda$-buildings. The proofs are based on connections to representation theory as well as on methods borrowed from metric geometry.
The Prevalence and Pathophysiology of Chemical Sense Disorder Caused by the Novel Coronavirus

Emerging viral infections are a ceaseless challenge and remain a global public health concern. The world has not yet come back to normal from the devastating effects of the highly contagious and pathogenic novel coronavirus, or Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Olfactory and taste dysfunction is common in patients infected by the novel coronavirus. In light of the emergence of different coronavirus variants, it is important to update the prevalence and pathophysiology of these side effects. In this review, articles published on the prevalence of olfactory and taste dysfunction from coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and their possible pathophysiologic mechanisms have been reviewed and reported. The modulatory role of different SARS-CoV-2 variants on the chemical senses is then described. The clinical relevance of chemical sense disorder and its long-term morbidity and management is also discussed.