Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design of Lactococcus lactis Strains Producing Garvicin A and/or Garvicin Q, Either Alone or Together with Nisin A or Nisin Z and High Antimicrobial Activity against Lactococcus garvieae

Lactococcus garvieae is a main ichthyopathogen in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum) farming, although bacteriocinogenic L. garvieae with antimicrobial activity against virulent strains of this species have also been identified. Some of the bacteriocins characterized, such as garvicin A (GarA) and garvicin Q (GarQ), may show potential for the control of the virulent L. garvieae in food, feed and other biotechnological applications. In this study, we report on the design of Lactococcus lactis strains that produce the bacteriocins GarA and/or GarQ, either alone or together with nisin A (NisA) or nisin Z (NisZ). Synthetic genes encoding the signal peptide of the lactococcal protein Usp45 (SPusp45), fused to mature GarA (lgnA) and/or mature GarQ (garQ) and their associated immunity genes (lgnI and garI, respectively), were cloned into the protein expression vectors pMG36c, which contains the P32 constitutive promoter, and pNZ8048c, which contains the inducible PnisA promoter. The transformation of recombinant vectors into lactococcal cells allowed for the production of GarA and/or GarQ by L. lactis subsp. cremoris NZ9000 and their co-production with NisA by Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis DPC5598 and L. lactis subsp. lactis BB24. The strains L. lactis subsp. cremoris WA2-67 (pJFQI), a producer of GarQ and NisZ, and L. lactis subsp. cremoris WA2-67 (pJFQIAI), a producer of GarA, GarQ and NisZ, demonstrated the highest antimicrobial activity (5.1- to 10.7-fold and 17.3- to 68.2-fold, respectively) against virulent L. garvieae strains.
Point-matching method for remote sensing images with background variation

Abstract. Finding correct feature correspondence proves to be difficult in the process of image registration, especially for remote sensing images with background variation (e.g., images taken before and after an earthquake or flood) due to significant intensity differences in the same area. A robust and accurate point-matching method, called triangle transformation matching (TTM), is presented to increase the correct matching ratio and remove outliers. First, scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT) is used to extract the point features, and two preliminary point-matching sets can be obtained. Then, the spatial structure information around one point is compared to its corresponding point in the preliminary matching sets to verify whether they are inliers or not. This structure information is based on triangle area representation and it is affine invariant. A spatial consistency measure is used to remove outliers whose coordinates are very similar. Experiments compared with RANSAC, GTM, Bi-SOGC, and HTSC demonstrate the effectiveness of TTM under the conditions of background variation for remote sensing images.
GRID APPROXIMATION OF SINGULARLY PERTURBED PARABOLIC EQUATIONS WITH MOVING BOUNDARY LAYERS

Abstract A grid approximation of a boundary value problem is considered for a singularly perturbed parabolic reaction‐diffusion equation in a domain with boundaries moving along the x‐axis in the positive direction. For small values of the parameter ϵ (that is the coefficient of the highest‐order derivative in the equation, ϵ ∈ (0,1]), a moving boundary layer appears in a neighbourhood of the left lateral boundary SL 1. It turns out that, in the class of difference schemes on rectangular grids condensing in a neighbourhood of SL 1 with respect to x and t, there do not exist schemes that converge even under the condition P 0 −1 Â ϵ1/2, where P 0 is the total number of nodes in the meshes used, that is, P 0 Â N N 0, where the values N and N 0 define the numbers of mesh points in x and t. On such meshes, convergence under the condition N −1 + N 0 −1 ≤ ϵ1/4 cannot be achieved. Examination of widths similar to Kolmogorov's widths allows us to establish necessary and sufficient conditions for the ϵ‐uniform conv.
Nomogram based on TNM stage to predict the prognosis of thymic epithelial tumors (TETs) patients undergoing extended thymectomy

Background Thymomas and thymic carcinoma are thymic epithelial tumors (TETs) of the anterior mediastinum. On the basis of The AJCC 8th Edition of TNM classification, no prognostic prediction model has been established for TETs patients undergoing surgical resection. In this study, based on data from Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, we identified prognostic factors and developed a nomogram to predict the prognosis for TETs patients undergoing extended thymectomy. Methods Patients with TETs who underwent thymectomy between 2010 and 2020 were consecutively enrolled. An analysis of multivariate Cox regression and stepwise regression using the Akaike information criterion (AIC) was conducted to identify prognostic factors, and a nomogram for TETs was derived from the results of these analyses. The model was validated internally with the Kaplan-Meier curves, ROC curves and calibration curves. Results There were 350 patients with TETs enrolled in the study, and they were divided into a training group (245,0.7) and a validation group (105,0.3). Age, histological type, tumor size, myasthenia gravis, and TNM stage were independent prognostic factors for CSS. The Kaplan-Meier curves showed a significant difference between high nomorisk group and low nomorisk group. A nomogram for CSS was formulated based on the independent prognostic factors and exhibited good discriminative ability as a means of predicting cause-specific mortality, as evidenced by the area under the ROC curves (AUCs) of 3-year, 5-year, and 10-year being 0.946, 0.949, and 0.937, respectively. The calibration curves further revealed excellent consistency between the predicted and actual mortality when using this nomogram. Conclusion There are several prognostic factors for TETs. Based on TNM stage and other prognostic factors, the nomogram accurately predicted the 3-, 5-, and 10-year mortality rates of patients with TETs in this study. The nomogram could be used to stratify risk and optimize therapy for individual patients.
Precipitation Forecasting with Gamma Distribution Models for Gridded Precipitation Events in Eastern Oklahoma and Northwestern Arkansas

AbstractAn elegant and easy to implement probabilistic quantitative precipitation forecasting model that can be used to estimate the probability of exceedance (POE) is presented. The model was built using precipitation data collected across eastern Oklahoma and northwestern Arkansas from late 2005 through early 2013. The dataset includes precipitation analyses at 4578 contiguous, 4 km × 4 km grid cells for 1800 precipitation events of 12 h. The dataset is unique in that the meteorological conditions for each 12-h event were relatively homogeneous when contrasted with single-point data obtained over months or years where the meteorological conditions for each rain event could have varied widely. Grid cells were counted and stratified by precipitation amount in increments of 0.05 in. (1.27 mm) up to 10 in. (254 mm), yielding histograms for each event. POEs were computed from the observed precipitation distributions and compared to POEs computed from two gamma probability density functions ( and ). The error.
Time as degress of epistemic commitment 1

The article addresses the question as to whether time is a primitive concept or rather is composed out of conceptually more basic building blocks. After a brief analysis of tense-time mismatches with examples from English, Polish, Thai and Swahili, I present a hypothesis that time is conceptualized in terms of degrees of epistemic modality. Expressions with future, present and past reference are ordered on scales of epistemic commitment. I demonstrate that the theory of Default Semantics has no difficulty with representing tense-time mismatches in that it reflects the fact that information about temporality is conveyed via a variety of processes, some of them pertaining not to the processing of the lexicon or grammar but even to pragmatic inference. The theory also gives support to the thesis of time as modal detachment.
Effects of an 8-week multimodal program on thoracic posture, glenohumeral range of motion and serve performance in competitive young tennis players

Introduction Intensive tennis practice is known to generate sport-specific adaptations at the shoulder region and influence the sagittal spinal curvature. However, increased thoracic kyphosis decreases the shoulder functional capacity, which could limit tennis performance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of an 8-week multimodal program on thoracic posture, glenohumeral range of motion, and serve performance in competitive young tennis players. Methods Eighteen male and four female players (age: 16.0 ± 2.4 years, height: 170.7 ± 11.0 cm; mass: 62.1 ± 11.5 kg; International Tennis Number: 3–4) performed their regular training during 8 weeks, which was used as a reference period, and implemented a multimodal program including stretching, strengthening, and myofascial release exercises, four times per week during 8 additional weeks, which corresponded to the intervention period. The thoracic curvature angle and mobility, the biacromial and interscapular distances, the glenohumeral range of motion and the tennis serve performance were assessed three times, i.e., before and after the regular training and after the 8-week multimodal program. Results The results showed that the 8-week regular training had no significant effects on thoracic curvature angle [effect size (ES) = 0.02–0.36, p = 0.06–0.46] and mobility (ES = 0.05–0.26, p = 0.13–0.42), biacromial (ES = 0.05, p = 0.18) and interscapular distances (ES = 0.03, p = 0.45), ranges of motion in glenohumeral internal (ES = 0.04, p = 0.43) and external rotation (ES = 0.43, p = 0.06), and tennis serve accuracy (ES = 0.33, p = 0.07) and velocity (ES = 0.09, p = 0.35). The 8-week multimodal program increased moderately the thoracic mobility (ES = 0.55, p = 0.01), moderately to strongly the serve accuracy and velocity (ES = 0.65, p = 0.003, for both), strongly decreased the interscapular distance (ES = 1.02, p < 0.001), and strongly increased the range of motion in glenohumeral internal (ES = 0.90, p < 0.001) and external rotation (ES = 1.49, p < 0.001). Discussion These findings indicated that an 8-week multimodal program, including spine and glenohumeral mobility and shoulder girdle strength exercises, performed four times per week during 8 weeks, is moderately relevant to rectify the sagittal thoracic curvature in competitive tennis players, while such a program may help regain the range of motion in glenohumeral rotation without tennis serve performance impairment.
Impact of drip irrigation and fertigation on growth, yield, quality and economic returns in different vegetable crops.

The shrinking land, man ratio, water, increasing fertilizer prices, haunting energy crisis, wide spread population and fast degradation of natural resources further emphasise the need for improved water and fertilizer use efficiency. Drip fertigation optimize the use of water and fertilizer enabling to harness high crop yield, simultaneously ensuring a healthy soil and environment. The drip fertigation technology encompasses the application of solid and liquid mineral fertilizers through drip irrigation system thus supplying a nutrient containing irrigation water to crops. A study was conducted with drip irrigation in crop geometry for chilly, bhendi and capsicum crops during Kharif and Rabi season. The pooled data revealed that the highest yield was obtained in treatments with 1.5 m drip lateral spacing with plant spacing of 20 x 72 cm for chilly and 2.5 m drip lateral spacing with a plant spacing of 20 x 72 cm for bhendi which is higher by 55 per cent over control (Anonymous, 1995). Drip irrigation scheduling for brinjal, okra, tomato and cabbage and fertigation for bitter gourd with irrigation scheduled at 100, 80 and 60 per cent ET in main plots and irrigation intervals (daily, 1 and 2 days) in sub-plots showed that the yield of brinjal / okra was maximum at 80 per cent ET (Anonymous, 2004).
Case report: A case of injury to the infrapatellar branch of the saphenous nerve caused by medial approach in knee arthroscopy

We present the case of a 72-year-old man who was referred to our department for treatment of pain on the anteromedial infrapatellar side of the right knee with sensory disturbance that began 2 years earlier. The patient previously underwent right knee arthroscopy at another hospital for a meniscus injury 2 years earlier, which relieved his knee pain, but pain and discomfort near the incision of the medial portal persisted. Given this situation, various physical treatments, such as ice compress, were administered postoperatively. However, the symptom was only partially relieved before discharge. Subsequently, the patient visited two other hospitals and began taking oral pregabalin and duloxetine for treatment of the pain based on a diagnosis of right common peroneal nerve injury. The pain in the same dermatomal distribution was slightly relieved, but a withdrawal reaction was observed. However, the results of an ultrasound at our hospital indicated that the right medial quadriceps femoris tendon showed a hypoechoic area suggesting inflammatory changes. Physical examination of the right knee detected atrophy of the quadriceps femoris muscle, decreased muscle strength (M4), obvious tenderness in the medial side, radiating pain along the anterior tibia, and sensory disturbance (S3+); the results of a drawer test, McMurray test, pivot shift test, and lateral stress test were negative. Based on the aforementioned evidence, a diagnosis was made of injury to the infrapatellar branch of the saphenous nerve, after which neurolysis of the nerve in question was carried out. An enlarged incision was made along the original medial approach. Scar hyperplasia was observed after careful separation of the subcutaneous tissue. During neurolysis, branches were found wrapped in the scar; their continuity and integrity were confirmed after relief. The released nerve was placed in a physiological position. The patient's pain was clearly relieved, and numbness disappeared on the first postoperative day. At 1-month follow-up, all symptoms were found to have resolved.
Deep Reinforcement Learning-Based Coordinated Beamforming for mmWave Massive MIMO Vehicular Networks

As a critical enabler for beyond fifth-generation (B5G) technology, millimeter wave (mmWave) beamforming for mmWave has been studied for many years. Multi-input multi-output (MIMO) system, which is the baseline for beamforming operation, rely heavily on multiple antennas to stream data in mmWave wireless communication systems. High-speed mmWave applications face challenges such as blockage and latency overhead. In addition, the efficiency of the mobile systems is severely impacted by the high training overhead required to discover the best beamforming vectors in large antenna array mmWave systems. In order to mitigate the stated challenges, in this paper, we propose a novel deep reinforcement learning (DRL) based coordinated beamforming scheme where multiple base stations serve one mobile station (MS) jointly. The constructed solution then uses a proposed DRL model and predicts the suboptimal beamforming vectors at the base stations (BSs) out of possible beamforming codebook candidates. This solution enables a complete system that facilitates highly mobile mmWave applications with dependable coverage, minimal training overhead, and low latency. Numerical results demonstrate that our proposed algorithm remarkably increases the achievable sum rate capacity for the highly mobile mmWave massive MIMO scenario while ensuring low training and latency overhead.
Electron pitch-angle diffusion driven by oblique whistler-mode turbulence

A general description of cyclotron harmonic resonant pitch-angle scattering is presented. Quasi-linear diffusion coefficients are prescribed in terms of the wave normal distribution of plasma wave energy. Numerical computations are performed for the specific case of relativistic electrons interacting with a band of low frequency whistler-mode turbulence. A parametric treatment of the wave energy distribution permits normalized diffusion coefficients to be presented graphically solely as a function of the electron pitch-angle. The diffusion coefficients generally decrease with increasing cyclotron harmonic number. Higher harmonic diffusion is insignificant at very small electron pitch-angles, but becomes increasingly important as the pitch-angle increases. One thus expected the rate of pitch-angle scattering to decrease with increasing electron energy, since the resonant value of the latter varies proportionately with harmonic number. This indicates that, in mirror-type magnet field geometrics, such as the Earth's radiation belts, the diffusion losses of high energy electrons are likely to be appreciably slower than those at low energy. Integration of the diffusion rates along a complete bounce orbit will be required to clarify this point, however, since the high-energy particles will be subject to more rapid first harmonic diffusion near their mirror points.
Well-Posed Linear Systems

1. Introduction and overview 2. Basic properties of well-posed linear systems 3. Strongly continuous semigroups 4. The generations of a well-posed linear system 5. Compatible and regular systems 6. Anti-causal, dual and inverted systems 7. Feedback 8. Stabilization and detection 9. Realizations 10. Admissibility 11. Passive and conservative scattering systems 12. Discrete time systems 13. Appendix.
Data types of physical quantities

Quantities of classical physics such as distance, time, energy, etc. are commonly viewed as pairs (d, u) consisting of a dimension and a unit. Computer programs that operate on physical quantities manipulate only the dimensions; units must be dealt with by comments. This article proposes a type system that makes the units an integral part of a program and, consequently, protects against errors resulting from "adding apples and oranges", and supports appropriate self-documentation. It shows that engineering types have a simple, algebraic structure that makes a homogeneous type system for them not only desirable but also feasible at a very small expense.
Uma nova espécie de Trichodina Ehrenberg, 1838 (Ciliophora: Trichodinidae) em Biomphalaria schrammi (Crosse, 1864) (Mollusca: Planorbidae)

A new species of Peritrichida found in Biomphalaria schrammi (Crosse, 1864) is described. This new species is characterized by a reticular central area of the adhesive disc and a horseshoe-shaped macronucleus, a 80.0 ± 7 μm-diameter celular body and a 41.4 ± 2.9 μm adhesive disc; it shows 19-32 (27±3) 13.1 ± 1.1 μm - long denticle, and 8 ± 1 6.6 ± 1.1 μm - long radial pins per denticle, being different from other already described Trichodina. This is the first report of simbiontic interaction among trichodinid and molluscs of the genus Biomphalaria in Brazil. Keywords: Ciliophora, Peritrichidae, Gastropoda, Biomphalaria schrammi, Trichodina machadoi sp. n.
PEG-fibrin conjugates: the PEG impact on the polymerization dynamics.

Fibrin and its modifications, particularly those with functionalized polyethylene glycol (PEG), remain highly attractive as a biomaterial in drug delivery and regenerative medicine. Despite the extensive knowledge of fibrinogenesis, there is little information on the processes occurring after its modification. Previously, we found structural differences between native fibrin and its conjugates with PEG that allows us to hypothesize that a combination of methods such as terahertz (THz) pulsed spectroscopy and rheology may contribute to the characterization of gelation and reveal the effect of PEG on the polymerization dynamics. Compared to native fibrin, PEGylated fibrins had a homogenously soft surface; PEGylation also led to a significant decrease in the gelation time: from 42.75 min for native fibrin to 31.26 min and 35.09 min for 5 : 1 and 10 : 1 PEGylated fibrin, respectively. It is worth noting that THz pulsed spectroscopy makes it possible to reliably investigate only the polymerization process itself, while it does not allow us to observe statistically significant differences between the distinct PEGylated fibrin gels. The polymerization time constant of native fibrin measured by THz pulsed spectroscopy was 14.4 ± 2.8 min. However, it could not be calculated for PEGylated fibrin because the structural changes were too rapid. These results, together with those previously reported, led us to speculate that PEG-fibrin conjugates formed homogenously distributed highly water-shelled aggregates without bundling compared to native fibrin, ensuring rapid gelation and stabilization of the system without increasing its complexity.
Change in Regime and Markov Models

In this paper we point out that using a two-state Markov chain to describe change in regime makes it difficult to interpret the model since there is a bias towards frequent shifts. However, by using a finite Markov chain with a transition matrix satisfying certain restrictions it is possible to circumvent the difficulty and at the same time use the established procedures for estimation and filtering. The methods are applied to a couple of time series from the Norwegian quarterly national accounts.
Bursting of a Liquid Film on a Liquid Substrate

We study metastable PolyDimethylSiloxane (PDMS) films deposited on a substrate of fluorinated PDMS: after nucleation, a hole grows at constant velocity V. V is inversely proportional to the substrate viscosity and is proportional to - S, where S(< 0) is the spreading parameter. The velocity is a decreasing function of the film thickness e; the detailed V(e) law can be interpreted by a balance between capillary forces and viscous forces acting on an almost flat rim.
Numerical calculation of the temperature evolution and profile of the field ion emitter in the pulsed‐laser time‐of‐flight atom probe

The temperature evolution and profile of metal field ion emitters under pulsed laser irradiation are solved numerically using an implicit alternating direction method. The temperature profile along the emitter axis at selected times and the temperature evolution curve at the emitter apex during and after the pulsed‐laser irradiation have been obtained. This numerical result shows that the emitter can cool down from the peak temperature by ∼20 K in less than 5 ns, and the heated region is very much localized to the irradiated part of the emitter. The cooling rate is higher for specimens of larger thermal diffusivity, and also if the laser pulse width is narrower and the laser heating is better localized. The peak temperature of the tip apex reached depends almost linearly on the incident flux of the laser beam.
Device optimization and transient electroluminescence studies of organic light emitting devices

Organic light emitting devices (OLEDs) are among the most promising for flat panel display technologies. They are light, bright, flexible, and cost effective. And while they are emerging in commercial product, their low power efficiency and long-term degradation are still challenging. The aim of this work was to investigate their device physics and improve their performance. Violet and blue OLEDs were studied. The devices were prepared by thermal vapor deposition in high vacuum. The combinatorial method was employed in device preparation. Both continuous wave and transient electroluminescence (EL) were studied. A new efficient and intense UV-violet light emitting device was developed. At a current density of 10 mA/cm{sup 2}, the optimal radiance R could reach 0.38 mW/cm{sup 2}, and the quantum efficiency was 1.25%. using the delayed EL technique, electron mobilities in DPVBi and CBP were determined to be {approx} 10{sup -5} cm{sup 2}/Vs and {approx} 10{sup -4} cm{sup 2}/Vs, respectively. Overshoot effects in the transient El of blue light emitting devices were also observed and studied. This effect was attributed to the charge accumulation at the organic/organic and organic/cathode interfaces.