Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Simulation of wave propagation in anisotropic poroelastic bone plate immersed in fluid

This paper deals with modeling of the ultrasound axial transmission technique for in vivo cortical long bone which is known as being a anisotropic solid medium with functionally graded porosity. The bone is modeled as an anisotropic poroelastic medium using the Biots theory. We develop a hybrid spectral/finite element formulation to obtain the time-domain solution of ultrasonic waves propagating in a poroelastic plate immersed two fluid halfspaces. The numerical method is based on a combined Laplace-Fourier transform which solves the problem in the frequency-wavenumber domain. In the spectral domain, as radiation conditions may be exactly introduced in the infinite fluid halfspaces, only the heterogeneous solid layer needs to be analyzed using finite element method. Several numerical tests are presented showing very good performances of the proposed approach. A preliminary study on the FAS (First Arrived Signal) velocities computed by using equivalent elastic and poroelastic models will be presented.
Fractal-based Algorithm: A New Metaheuristic Method for Continuous Optimization

In this paper a population-based metaheuristic algorithm named fractal-based algorithm is developed to solve continuous optimization problems. In this algorithm, the density of high quality and promising points in an area is considered as a heuristic which estimates the degree of promise of that area for finding the optimal solution. Afterward, the promising areas of state space are iteratively detected and partitioned into self-similar and fractal-shaped subspaces for being searched more precisely and more extensively. The proposed algorithm is compared with some metaheuristic algorithms. The results demonstrate that the algorithm is able to find high quality solutions within appropriate time.
Cluster synchronization for controlled nodes via the dynamics of edges in complex dynamical networks

An appropriate dynamic coupling form between nodes and edges’ state can effectively promote the emergence of desired network function (phenomenon), but the existing literatures have not conducted in-depth research on the coupling mechanism. This paper mainly focuses on the coupling auxiliary mechanism of dynamic edges for the emergence of cluster phenomenon of nodes, explores the essential relation between structure and function in complex dynamical networks (CDNs). Firstly, a novel model of CDNs has dynamic systems attached on not only nodes but also edges is proposed from the viewpoint of large-scale system. Secondly, a feedback nodes controller is synthesized associate with the designed linear and adaptive dynamics of edges. Via the appropriate dynamic behaviors of the edges system, the controlled nodes can realize cluster synchronized. Finally, the validity of the proposed approaches is verified by a given numerical example.
Can Posterior Pericardial Incision Truly Improve Postoperative Complications After Cardiac Surgery? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Introduction Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) and pericardial effusion are important factors affecting prognosis after cardiac surgery. Recently, it has been reported that posterior pericardiotomy (PP) can effectively prevent the occurrence of POAF and pericardial effusion. To validate these conclusions and guide clinical practice, we conducted a systematic review with meta-analysis. Methods We searched multiple databases for manuscripts published before July 2022 on the use of PP to prevent POAF and pericardial effusion and included only randomized controlled trials. The main outcome was atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass grafting, and secondary outcomes were included. Results This meta-analysis included 14 randomized controlled trials with a total of 2275 patients. Meta-analysis showed that the incidence of POAF after cardiac surgery in the PP group was significantly lower than that in the control group (risk ratio=0.48; 95% confidence interval=0.33~0.69; P<0.00001). PP effectively reduced postoperative pericardial effusion (risk ratio=0.34, 95% confidence interval=0.21-0.55; P<0.00001). Conclusion PP has shown good results in preventing POAF, pericardial effusion, and other complications, which indicates that PP is a safe and effective surgical method, but attention still needs to be paid to the potential risk of coagulation dysfunction caused by PP.
Construction of a questionnaire based on the Health Action Process Approach for psycho-social cognitive determinants of parents in brushing children’s teeth in the Netherlands

Background The health action process approach (HAPA) model is promising to increase the frequency of brushing children’s teeth by parents to improve their children’s oral health. A validated HAPA questionnaire is needed as one of the measures of the effects of such an intervention. Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate whether our data, based on a translated and adopted version of the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA)-based questionnaire on dental flossing, supported the constructs of the HAPA model. If so, a next aim was to assess whether these constructs could be measured reliably. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 269 questionnaires filled out in dental offices by parents of children 1–10 years old were analysed. Scale validation was performed according to the 6-step protocol of Dima, including Mokken scale analyses (MSA), graded response model (GRM), factor analyses and reliability measures. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to identify divergent validity and test-retest reliability. Results MSA showed a unidimensional, medium total scale. Three items were removed based on this analysis. The total scale with the remaining 26 items did not fit the GRM. Factor analysis extracted five factors and two components for the total scale. The separate subscales, except the ‘intention’ construct, fitted the MSA and did not fit the GRM. The data fitted a seven-factor model better than a one-factor model. Reliability measures varied from acceptable to excellent, but were poor for ‘action control’. Test-retest reliability (r’s 0.60–0.83) was questionable to good. Conclusion Our results did not fully support the constructs of the HAPA model. To support the HAPA constructs, modification to the subscales risk perceptions, intention, action planning, action control and self-reported behaviour are suggested. With these adjustments, the reliability and validity of the questionnaire could be significantly improved”.
Testing monotonicity over graph products

We consider the problem of monotonicity testing over graph products. Monotonicity testing is one of the central problems studied in the field of property testing. We present a testing approach that enables us to use known monotonicity testers for given graphs G1, G2, to test monotonicity over their product G1 × G2. Such an approach of reducing monotonicity testing over a graph product to monotonicity testing over the original graphs, has been previously used in the special case of monotonicity testing over [n]d for a limited type of testers; in this article, we show that this approach can be applied to allow modular design of testers in many interesting cases: this approach works whenever the functions are boolean, and also in certain cases for functions with a general range. We demonstrate the usefulness of our results by showing how a careful use of this approach improves the query complexity of known testers. Specifically, based on our results, we provide a new analysis for the known tester for [n]d which significantly improves its query complexity analysis in the low‐dimensional case. For example, when d = O(1), we reduce the best known query complexity from O(log 2n/ε) to O(log n/ε). © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg. , 2008
Free vibration and wave propagation of thick plates using the generalized nonlocal strain gradient theory

In this paper, a size-dependent first-order shear deformation plate model is formulated in the framework of the higher-order generalized nonlocal strain-gradient (GNSG) theory. This modelemploys two nonlocal parameters and a strain-gradient coefficient to capture the both higher-order nonlocal stress-gradient and strain-gradient effects in nanostructures. The presence of these different scale parameters renders a unified model, which is able to predict both increase and reduction of stiffness in nanoplates. The governing equations are developed for freevibration of first-order shear deformation plates using Ritz method. The dispersion relations for the GNSG plate model is also derived. Several numerical examples are studied to show the efficiency, competence and accuracy of the proposed model. To ensure the applicability of the presented GNSG plate model, the results are compared with the experimental data available in the scientific literature. It is found that the effects of scale parameters on the wave frequencies are significant at high wavenumbers and ratio of any pair of these parameters is the main criterion for the correct study of size effects. The results show that the reduced nonlocal strain-gradient (RNSG) model and the GNSG model diverge in higher vibration modes.
Reynolds-number dependence of wall-pressure fluctuations in a pressure-induced turbulent separation bubble

Direct numerical simulations are used to examine the behaviour of wall-pressure fluctuations $p_{w}$ in a flat-plate turbulent boundary layer with large adverse and favourable pressure gradients, involving separation and reattachment. The Reynolds number $Re_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D703}}$ based on momentum thickness is equal to 300, 600 and 900. Particular attention is given to effects of Reynolds number on root-mean-square (r.m.s.) values, frequency/power spectra and instantaneous fields. The possible scaling laws are also examined as compared with the existing direct numerical simulation and experimental data. The r.m.s. value of $p_{w}$ normalized by the local maximum Reynolds shear stress $-\unicode[STIX]{x1D70C}\overline{uv}_{max}$ (Simpson et al. J. Fluid Mech. vol. 177, 1987, pp. 167–186; Na & Moin J. Fluid Mech. vol. 377, 1998b, pp. 347–373) leads to near plateau (i.e. $p_{w\,rms}/-\unicode[STIX]{x1D70C}\overline{uv}_{max}=2.5\sim 3$ ) in the adverse pressure gradient and separated regions in which the frequency spectra exhibit good collapse at low frequencies. The magnitude of $p_{w\,rms}/-\unicode[STIX]{x1D70C}\overline{uv}_{max}$ is however reduced down to 1.8 near reattachment where good collapse is also obtained with normalization by the local maximum wall-normal Reynolds stress $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70C}\overline{vv}_{max}$ . Near reattachment, $p_{w\,rms}/-\unicode[STIX]{x1D70C}\overline{vv}_{max}=1.2$ is attained unambiguously independently of the Reynolds number and pressure gradient. The present magnitude (1.2) is smaller than (1.35) obtained for step-induced separation by Ji & Wang (J. Fluid Mech. vol. 712, 2012, pp. 471–504). The reason for this difference is intrinsically associated with convective nature of a pressure-induced separation bubble near reattachment where the magnitude of $p_{w\,rms}$ depends essentially on the favourable pressure gradient. The resulting mean flow acceleration leads to delay of the r.m.s. peak after reattachment. Attention is also given to structures of $p_{w}$ . It is shown that large-scale spanwise rollers of low pressure fluctuations are formed above the bubble, whilst changing to large-scale streamwise elongated structures after reattachment. These large-scale structures become more prominent with increasing $Re_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D703}}$ and affect $p_{w}$ significantly.
How nature designs light-harvesting antenna systems: design principles and functional realization in chlorophototrophic prokaryotes

Chlorophyll-based phototrophs, or chlorophototrophs, convert light energy into stored chemical potential energy using two types of photochemical reaction center (RC), denoted type-1 and type-2. After excitation with light, a so-called special pair of chlorophylls in the RC is oxidized, and an acceptor is reduced. To ensure that RCs function at maximal rates in diffuse and variable light conditions, chlorophototrophs have independently evolved diverse light-harvesting antenna systems to rapidly and efficiently transfer that energy to the RCs. Energy transfer between weakly coupled chromophores is generally believed to proceed by resonance energy transfer, a dipole-induced-dipole process that was initially described theoretically by Förster. Nature principally optimizes three parameters in antenna systems: the distance separating the donor and acceptor chromophores, the relative orientations of those chromophores, and the spectral overlap between the donor and the acceptor chromophores. However, there are other important biological parameters that nature has optimized, and some common themes emerge from comparisons of different antenna systems. This tutorial considers structural and functional characteristics of three fundamentally different light-harvesting antenna systems of chlorophotrophic bacteria: phycobilisomes of cyanobacteria, the light-harvesting complexes (LH1 and LH2) of purple bacteria, and chlorosomes of green bacteria. Phycobilisomes are generally considered to represent an antenna system in which the chromophores are weakly coupled, while the strongly coupled bacteriochlorophyll molecules in LH1 and LH2 are strongly coupled and are better described by exciton theory. Chlorosomes can contain up to 250 000 bacteriochlorophyll molecules, which are very strongly coupled and form supramolecular, nanotubular arrays. The general and specific principles that have been optimized by natural selection during the evolution of these diverse light-harvesting antenna systems are discussed.
Quantum entanglement: geometric quantification and applications to multi-partite states and quantum phase transitions

The degree to which a pure quantum state is entangled can be characterized by the distance or angle to the nearest unentangled state. This geometric measure of entanglement is explored for bi-partite and multi-partite pure and mixed states. It is determined analytically for arbitrary two-qubit mixed states, generalized Werner, and isotropic states, and is also applied to certain multi-partite mixed states, including two distinct multi-partite bound entangled states. Moreover, the ground-state entanglement of the XY model in a transverse field is calculated and shown to exhibit singular behavior near the quantum critical line. Along the way, connections are pointed out between the geometric measure of entanglement, the Hartree approximation, entanglement witnesses, correlation functions, and the relative entropy of entanglement.
A predictive decision support system for coronavirus disease 2019 response management and medical logistic planning

Objective Coronavirus disease 2019 demonstrated the inconsistencies in adequately responding to biological threats on a global scale due to a lack of powerful tools for assessing various factors in the formation of the epidemic situation and its forecasting. Decision support systems have a role in overcoming the challenges in health monitoring systems in light of current or future epidemic outbreaks. This paper focuses on some applied examples of logistic planning, a key service of the Earth Cognitive System for Coronavirus Disease 2019 project, here presented, evidencing the added value of artificial intelligence algorithms towards predictive hypotheses in tackling health emergencies. Methods Earth Cognitive System for Coronavirus Disease 2019 is a decision support system designed to support healthcare institutions in monitoring, management and forecasting activities through artificial intelligence, social media analytics, geospatial analysis and satellite imaging. The monitoring, management and prediction of medical equipment logistic needs rely on machine learning to predict the regional risk classification colour codes, the emergency rooms attendances, and the forecast of regional medical supplies, synergically enhancing geospatial and temporal dimensions. Results The overall performance of the regional risk colour code classifier yielded a high value of the macro-average F1-score (0.82) and an accuracy of 85%. The prediction of the emergency rooms attendances for the Lazio region yielded a very low root mean square error (<11 patients) and a high positive correlation with the actual values for the major hospitals of the Lazio region which admit about 90% of the region's patients. The prediction of the medicinal purchases for the regions of Lazio and Piemonte has yielded a low root mean squared percentage error of 16%. Conclusions Accurate forecasting of the evolution of new cases and drug utilisation enables the resulting excess demand throughout the supply chain to be managed more effectively. Forecasting during a pandemic becomes essential for effective government decision-making, managing supply chain resources, and for informing tough policy decisions.
On expansive and anti-expansive tree maps

With every self-map on the vertex set of a finite tree one can associate the directed graph of a special type which is called the Markov graph. Expansive and anti-expansive tree maps are two extremal classes of maps with respect to the number of loops in their Markov graphs. In this paper we prove that a tree with at least two vertices has a perfect matching if and only if it admits an expansive cyclic permutation of its vertices. Also, we show that for every tree with at least three vertices there exists an expansive map with a weakly connected (strongly connected provided the tree has a perfect matching) Markov graph as well as anti-expansive map with a strongly connected Markov graph.
Generating coherent phonon waves in narrow-band materials: a twisted bilayer graphene phaser-Supplementary Material PHONON INSTABILITY FROM THE EQUATION OF MOTION FORMALISM

Here, we defined fkα = 〈ĉkαĉkα〉 and neglected expectation values with momentum 2Qn. Combining Eq. (7) and Eq. (6a), we obtain a linear equation. Imaginary eigenvalues correspond to an exponentially growing mode of phonons hybridized with electron-hole excitations. An approximate solution can be obtained if we assume [εα′(k + Qn) − εα(k)] = ∆ε, and α = α′ = +. Then one can sum both sides of Eq. (7) over k, leading to and eigenvalue equation
Resolving the Full Spectrum of Human Genome Variation using Linked-Reads

Large-scale population based analyses coupled with advances in technology have demonstrated that the human genome is more diverse than originally thought. To date, this diversity has largely been uncovered using short read whole genome sequencing. However, standard short-read approaches, used primarily due to accuracy, throughput and costs, fail to give a complete picture of a genome. They struggle to identify large, balanced structural events, cannot access repetitive regions of the genome and fail to resolve the human genome into its two haplotypes. Here we describe an approach that retains long range information while harnessing the advantages of short reads. Starting from only ∼1ng of DNA, we produce barcoded short read libraries. The use of novel informatic approaches allows for the barcoded short reads to be associated with the long molecules of origin producing a novel datatype known as ‘Linked-Reads’. This approach allows for simultaneous detection of small and large variants from a single Linked-Read library. We have previously demonstrated the utility of whole genome Linked-Reads (lrWGS) for performing diploid, de novo assembly of individual genomes (Weisenfeld et al. 2017). In this manuscript, we show the advantages of Linked-Reads over standard short read approaches for reference based analysis. We demonstrate the ability of Linked-Reads to reconstruct megabase scale haplotypes and to recover parts of the genome that are typically inaccessible to short reads, including phenotypically important genes such as STRC, SMN1 and SMN2. We demonstrate the ability of both lrWGS and Linked-Read Whole Exome Sequencing (lrWES) to identify complex structural variations, including balanced events, single exon deletions, and single exon duplications. The data presented here show that Linked-Reads provide a scalable approach for comprehensive genome analysis that is not possible using short reads alone.
Correcting biases in the estimates of earthquake clustering parameters caused by short-term missing of aftershocks

Short-term missing of aftershock in the early stage after the mainshock always biases the estimates of earthquake clustering models such as the ETAS model and the Omori-Utsu formula. For example, the parameters c and p in the Omori-Utsu formula change with the cutoff magnitude threshold. To correct the biases caused by such short-term aftershock missing, we apply a method developed by Zhuang et al (2016) to replenishing missing data. The basic idea of this method is that, if a temporal point process with time independent marks is completely observed, the whole process can transformed into a homogeneous Poisson process on the unit square by a biscale empirical transformation. Using this method, we can simulate the missing events and re-estimate model parameter with the replenished dataset. For example, applying this method to the aftershock sequence following the 2008 Wenchuan Ms7.9 earthquake in southwestern China, the results show that the Omori parameters c and p do not change with magnitude threshold anymore and that the missing of small events in the early stage of the aftershock sequence causes the inconsistent estimate of the earthquake clustering models. Figure: Results from applying the replenishment algorithm to the earthquake data from Southwest China. (a) Marks (magnitudes) versus occurrence times of the earthquakes. (b) Empirical distribution of marks (magnitudes) versus empirical distribution of occurrence times of the recorded events. (c) Rescalled marks (magnitudes) versus rescaled occurrence times of the combination of the observed events, with the rescaling based the empirical distributions of events in the time-magnitude range with complete observation. (d) Rescalled marks (magnitudes) versus rescaled occurrence times of the observed events and replenished events. (e) Marks (magnitudes) versus occurrence times of the observed events and the replenished events. (f) Cumulative numbers of events against occurrence times. Blue polygon is corresponding to the time-magnitude range in which the missing events fall. Blue dots are the replenished events. Reference: Zhuang, J., T. Wang and K. Kiyosugi, (2016) Detection and replenishment of missing data in marked point processes, in preparation.
INTEGRATED CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENTOF FASHION DESIGN PROGRAM IN SMKN 3 MALANG INDONESIA.

Sri Sulistyorini 1 , Purnomo 2 , Agus Hery and Supadmi Irianti 3 . 1. Magister program, Vocational Education Program, State University of Malang Indonesia. 2. Lecturer, Post Graduate Program, Vocational Education Program, State University of Malang Indonesia. 3. Lecturer, Post Graduate Program, Vocational Education Program, State University of Malang Indonesia. Manuscript Info Abstract . Manuscript History