Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An analogue of the Rademacher function for generalized Dedekind sums in higher dimension

We consider generalized Dedekind sums in dimension $n$, for fixed $n$-tuple of natural numbers, defined as sum of products of values of periodic Bernoulli functions. This includes the higher dimensional Dedekind sums of Zagier and Apostol-Carlitz' generalized Dedekind sums as well as the original Dedekind sums. These are realized as coefficients of Todd series of lattice cones and satisfy reciprocity law from the cocycle property of Todd series. Using iterated residue formula, we compute the coefficient of the decomposition of of the Todd series corresponding to a nonsingular decomposition of the lattice cone defining the Dedekind sums. We associate a Laurent polynomial which is added to generalized Dedekind sums of fixed index to make their denominators bounded. We give explicitly the denominator in terms of Bernoulli numbers. This generalizes the role played by the rational function given by the difference of the Rademacher function and the classical Dedekind sums. We associate an exponential sum to the generalized Dedekind sums using the integrality of the generalized Rademacher function. We show that this exponential sum has a nontrivial bound that is sufficient to fulfill Weyl's equidistribution criterion and thus the fractional part of the generalized Dedekind sums are equidistributed. As an example, for a 3 dimensional case and Zagier's higher dimensional generalization of Dedekind sums, we compute the Laurent polynomials associated.
A multifractal zeta function for cookie cutter sets

Starting with the work of Lapidus and van Frankenhuysen a number of papers have introduced zeta functions as a way of capturing multifractal information. In this paper we propose a new multifractal zeta function and show that under certain conditions the abscissa of convergence yields the Hausdorff multifractal spectrum for a class of measures.
Quantum Interference Controls the Electron Spin Dynamics in 
n
-GaAs

Manifestations of quantum interference effects in macroscopic objects are rare. Weak localization is one of the few examples of such effects showing up in the electron transport through solid state. Here we show that weak localization becomes prominent also in optical spectroscopy via detection of the electron spin dynamics. In particular, we find that weak localization controls the free electron spin relaxation in semiconductors at low temperatures and weak magnetic fields by slowing it down by almost a factor of two in $n$-doped GaAs in the metallic phase. The weak localization effect on the spin relaxation is suppressed by moderate magnetic fields of ~1 T which destroy the interference of electron trajectories and by increasing the temperature. The weak localization suppression causes an anomalous decrease of the longitudinal electron spin relaxation time $T_1$ with magnetic field, in stark contrast with well-known magnetic field induced increase in $T_1$. This is consistent with transport measurements which show the same variation of resistivity with magnetic field. Our discovery opens a vast playground to explore quantum magneto-transport effects optically in the spin dynamics.
Sudden transition between classical and quantum decoherence in dissipative cavity QED and stationary quantum discord

We investigate the phenomenon of sudden transition between classical and quantum decoherence in the study of quantum discord for a dissipative cavity QED system, which consists of two noninteracting two-level atoms, each trapped in a dissipative cavity. It is found that the quantum discord between the two atoms, which are prepared initially in the X-type quantum states, is not destroyed by the dissipation of the cavities for a finite time interval, and the stationary quantum discord can arise in the interaction of atoms with cavities as the time approaches infinity. The transition time is sensitive to the initial state parameter of the two atoms and the mean photon number of the coherent field. Interestingly, the quantum discord between the two atoms is completely unaffected by the dissipation of the cavities if we choose the suitable value of the ratio, which depends on the decay rate of the two cavities and the atom-field coupling constant.
Planetary detection limits taking into account stellar noise - II. Effect of stellar spot groups on radial-velocities

Context. The detection of small mass planets with the radial-velocity technique is now confronted with the interference of stellar noise. HARPS can now reach a precision below the meter-per-second, which corresponds to the amplitudes of different stellar perturbations, such as oscillation, granulation, and activity. Aims. Solar spot groups induced by activity produce a radial-velocity noise of a few meter-per-second. The aim of this paper is to simulate this activity and calculate detection limits according to different observational strategies. Methods. Based on Sun observations, we reproduce the evolution of spot groups on the surface of a rotating star. We then calculate the radial-velocity effect induced by these spot groups as a function of time. Taking into account oscillation, granulation, activity, and a HARPS instrumental error of 80 cm s -1 , we simulate the effect of different observational strategies in order to efficiently reduce all sources of noise. Results. Applying three measurements per night of 10 min every three days, 10 nights a month seems the best tested strategy. Depending on the level of activity considered, from log R' HK = -5 to -4.75, this strategy would allow us to find planets of 2.5 to 3.5 M ⊕ in the habitable zone of a K1V dwarf. Using Bern's model of planetary formation, we estimate that for the same range of activity level, 15 to 35% of the planets between 1 and 5 M ⊕ and with a period between 100 and 200 days should be found with HARPS. A comparison between the performance of HARPS and ESPRESSO is also emphasized by our simulations. Using the same optimized strategy, ESPRESSO could find 1.3 M ⊕ planets in the habitable zone of K dwarfs. In addition, 80% of planets with mass between 1 and 5 M ⊕ and with a period between 100 and 200 days could be detected.
Low-energy General Relativity with torsion: a systematic derivative expansion

We attempt to build systematically the low-energy effective Lagrangian for the Einstein–Cartan formulation of gravity theory that generally includes the torsion field. We list all invariant action terms in certain given order; some of the invariants are new. We show that in the leading order the fermion action with torsion possesses additional U(1)L × U(1)R gauge symmetry, with 4+4 components of the torsion (out of the general 24) playing the role of Abelian gauge bosons. The bosonic action quadratic in torsion gives masses to those gauge bosons. Integrating out torsion one obtains a point-like 4-fermion action of a general form containing vector-vector, axial-vector and axial-axial interactions. We present a quantum field-theoretic method to average the 4-fermion interaction over the fermion medium, and perform the explicit averaging for free fermions with given chemical potential and temperature. The result is different from that following from the “spin fluid” approach used previously. On the whole, we arrive to rather pessimistic conclusions on the possibility to observe effects of the torsion-induced 4-fermion interaction, although under certain circumstances it may have cosmological consequences.
Creating multi-photon polarization bound-entangled states

Bound entangled states are the exotic objects in the entangled world. They require entanglement to create them, but once they are formed, it is not possible to locally distill any free entanglement from them. It is only until recently that a few bound entangled states were realized in the laboratory. Motivated by these experiments, we propose schemes for creating various classes of bound entangled states with photon polarization. These include Ac´on-Brus-Lewenstein-Sanpara states, � � ;
Effect of C-face 4H-SiC(0001) deposition on thermopower of single and multilayer graphene in AA, AB and ABC stacking

The Seebeck coefficient in multilayer graphene is investigated within the density-functional theory, using the semiclassical Boltzmann equations and interpolating the bands in a maximally-localized Wannier functions basis set. We compare various graphene stackings (AA, AB and ABC) both free-standing and deposited on the 4H-SiC(0001) C-terminated substrate. We find that the presence of the SiC substrate can significantly affect the thermopower properties of graphene layers, depending on the stacking, providing a promising way to tailor efficient graphene-based devices.
Memory effects in attenuation and amplification quantum processes

With increasing communication rates via quantum channels, memory effects become unavoidable whenever the use rate of the channel is comparable to the typical relaxation time of the channel environment. We introduce a model of a bosonic memory channel, describing correlated noise effects in quantum-optical processes via attenuating or amplifying media. To study such a channel model, we make use of a proper set of collective field variables, which allows us to unravel the memory effects, mapping the n-fold concatenation of the memory channel to a unitarily equivalent, direct product of n single-mode bosonic channels. We hence estimate the channel capacities by relying on known results for the memoryless setting. Our findings show that the model is characterized by two different regimes, in which the cross correlations induced by the noise among different channel uses are either exponentially enhanced or exponentially reduced.
A Threshold Criteria for Seasonal Amplification and Outbreaks of Mosquito- 1 Borne Disease (MBD) Cases in Kerala using Climate Parameters

16 Modelling the dynamics of mosquito borne disease (MBD) cases is a challenging task. The 17 current study first proposes a generic dynamical model to qualitatively understand the 18 seasonality as well as outbreaks of malaria and dengue over the state of Kerala based on a 19 climate forced oscillator model, which is then supplemented by a data driven model for 20 quantitative evaluation. The proposed forced oscillator model is parametric and general in 21 nature which can be qualitatively used to understand the seasonality and outbreaks. 22 However, since parametric model-based estimation require estimation of multiple 23 parameters and several closure assumptions, we used the K-means clustering which is a data 24 driven clustering approach to understand the relationship between Malaria and Dengue cases 25 and climate forcing. The results showed a clear relationship of the MBD cases with the first 26 order and second order moments (i.e. mean and standard deviation) of the climate forcing 27 parameters. Based on this, we came up with an objective threshold criterion which relates 28 the climate parameters to the number of cases of malaria and dengue cases over Kerala. 29
High-velocity stars from close interaction of a globular cluster and a supermassive black hole

Observations show the presence, in the halo of our Galaxy, of stars moving at velocities so high to require an acceleration mechanism involving the presence of a massive central black hole. Thus, in the frame of a galaxy hosting a supermassive black hole ($10^8$ $M_{\odot}$) we investigated a mechanism for the production of high velocity stars, which was suggested by the results of N-body simulations of the close interaction between a massive, orbitally decayed, globular cluster and the super massive black hole. The high velocity acquired by some stars of the cluster comes from the transfer of gravitational binding energy into kinetic energy of the escaping star originally orbiting around the cluster. After the close interaction with the massive black hole, stars could reach a velocity sufficient to travel in the halo and even overcome the galactic gravitational well, while some of them are just stripped from the globular cluster and start orbiting on precessing loops around the galactic centre.
Depressive patient‐derived GABA interneurons reveal abnormal neural activity associated with HTR2C

Major depressive disorder with suicide behavior (sMDD) is a server mood disorder, bringing tremendous burden to family and society. Although reduced gamma amino butyric acid (GABA) level has been observed in postmortem tissues of sMDD patients, the molecular mechanism by which GABA levels are altered remains elusive. In this study, we generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) from five sMDD patients and differentiated the iPSCs to GABAergic interneurons (GINs) and ventral forebrain organoids. sMDD GINs exhibited altered neuronal morphology and increased neural firing, as well as weakened calcium signaling propagation, compared with controls. Transcriptomic sequencing revealed that a decreased expression of serotoninergic receptor 2C (5‐HT2C) may cause the defected neuronal activity in sMDD. Furthermore, targeting 5‐HT2C receptor, using a small molecule agonist or genetic approach, restored neuronal activity deficits in sMDD GINs. Our findings provide a human cellular model for studying the molecular mechanisms and drug discoveries for sMDD.
Electric field effect in ultrathin black phosphorus

Black phosphorus exhibits a layered structure similar to graphene, allowing mechanical exfoliation of ultrathin single crystals. Here, we demonstrate few-layer black phosphorus field effect devices on Si/SiO2 and measure charge carrier mobility in a four-probe configuration as well as drain current modulation in a two-point configuration. We find room-temperature mobilities of up to 300 cm2/Vs and drain current modulation of over 103. At low temperatures, the on-off ratio exceeds 105, and the device exhibits both electron and hole conduction. Using atomic force microscopy, we observe significant surface roughening of thin black phosphorus crystals over the course of 1 h after exfoliation.
ToxNet: an artificial intelligence designed for decision support for toxin prediction

Abstract Background Artificial intelligences (AIs) are emerging in the field of medical informatics in many areas. They are mostly used for diagnosis support in medical imaging but have potential uses in many other fields of medicine where large datasets are available. Aim To develop an artificial intelligence (AI) “ToxNet”, a machine-learning based computer-aided diagnosis (CADx) system, which aims to predict poisons based on patient’s symptoms and metadata from our Poison Control Center (PCC) data. To prove its accuracy and compare it against medical doctors (MDs). Methods The CADx system was developed and trained using data from 781,278 calls recorded in our PCC database from 2001 to 2019. All cases were mono-intoxications. Patient symptoms and meta-information (e.g., age group, sex, etiology, toxin point of entry, weekday, etc.) were provided. In the pilot phase, the AI was trained on 10 substances, the AI’s prediction was compared to naïve matching, literature matching, a multi-layer perceptron (MLP), and the graph attention network (GAT). The trained AI’s accuracy was then compared to 10 medical doctors in an individual and in an identical dataset. The dataset was then expanded to 28 substances and the predictions and comparisons repeated. Results In the pilot, the prediction performance in a set of 8995 patients with 10 substances was 0.66 ± 0.01 (F1 micro score). Our CADx system was significantly superior to naïve matching, literature matching, MLP, and GAT (p < 0.005). It outperformed our physicians experienced in clinical toxicology in the individual and identical dataset. In the extended dataset, our CADx system was able to predict the correct toxin in a set of 36,033 patients with 28 substances with an overall performance of 0.27 ± 0.01 (F1 micro score), also significantly superior to naïve matching, literature matching, MLP, and GAT. It also outperformed our MDs. Conclusion Our AI trained on a large PCC database works well for poison prediction in these experiments. With further research, it might become a valuable aid for physicians in predicting unknown substances and might be the first step into AI use in PCCs.
Resistance to Beta-cypermethrin, Azadirachtin, and Matrine, and Biochemical Characterization of Field Populations of Oedaleus asiaticus (Bey-Bienko) in Inner Mongolia, Northern China

Abstract Oedaleus asiaticus (Bey-Bienko) is an economically devastating locust species found in grassland and pastoral areas of the Inner Mongolia region of northern China. In this study, resistance to three frequently used insecticides (beta-cypermethrin, matrine, and azadirachtin) was investigated in six field populations of O. asiaticus using the leaf-dip bioassay method. The inhibitory effects of synergists and the activities of detoxification enzyme activities in the different populations were determined to explore potential biochemical resistance mechanisms. The results showed that the field populations SB (resistance ratio [RR] = 7.85), ZB (RR = 5.64), and DB (RR = 6.75) had developed low levels of resistance to beta-cypermethrin compared with a susceptible control strain. Both the SB (RR = 5.92) and XC (RR = 6.38) populations had also developed low levels of resistance against matrine, with the other populations remaining susceptible to both beta-cypermethrin and matrine. All field populations were susceptible to azadirachtin. Synergism analysis showed that triphenyl phosphate (TPP) and diethyl-maleate (DEM) increased the toxicity of beta-cypermethrin significantly in the SB population, while the synergistic effects of TPP, piperonyl butoxide (PBO), and DEM on the toxicity of matrine were higher in SB (SR 3.86, 4.18, and 3.07, respectively) than in SS (SR 2.24, 2.86, and 2.29, respectively), but no synergistic effects of TPP, PBO, and DEM on azadirachtin were found. Biochemical assays showed that the activities of carboxylesterases (CarEs) and glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) were significantly raised in all field populations of O. asiaticus, with a significant positive correlation observed between beta-cypermethrin resistance and CarE activity. The activities of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450) and multi-function oxidases (MFO) were elevated in all six field populations, and P450 activity displayed strong positive correlations with the three insecticides. Our findings suggest that resistance to beta-cypermethrin in O. asiaticus may be mainly attributed to elevated CarE and GST activities, while P450 plays an important role in metabolizing matrine and azadirachtin. Our study provides insights that will help improve insecticide resistance management strategies.
From Markovian to non-Markovian persistence exponents

We establish an exact formula relating the survival probability for certain Lévy flights (viz. asymmetric α-stable processes where ) with the survival probability for the order statistics of the running maxima of two independent Brownian particles. This formula allows us to show that the persistence exponent δ in the latter non-Markovian case is simply related to the persistence exponent θ in the former Markovian case via: . Thus, our formula reveals a link between two recently explored families of anomalous exponents: one exhibiting continuous deviations from Sparre-Andersen universality in a Markovian context, and one describing the slow kinetics of the non-Markovian process corresponding to the difference between two independent Brownian maxima.
Error Decoding of Locally Repairable and Partial MDS Codes

In this work it is shown that locally repairable codes (LRCs) can be list-decoded efficiently beyond the Johnson radius for a large range of parameters by utilizing the local error-correction capabilities. The corresponding decoding radius is derived and the asymptotic behavior is analyzed. A general list-decoding algorithm for LRCs that achieves this radius is proposed along with an explicit realization for LRCs that are subcodes of Reed–Solomon codes (such as, e.g., Tamo–Barg LRCs). Further, a probabilistic algorithm of low complexity for unique decoding of LRCs is given and its success probability is analyzed. The second part of this work considers error decoding of LRCs and partial maximum distance separable (PMDS) codes through interleaved decoding. For a specific class of LRCs the success probability of interleaved decoding is investigated. For PMDS codes, it is shown that there is a wide range of parameters for which interleaved decoding can increase their decoding radius beyond the minimum distance such that the probability of successful decoding approaches 1 when the code length goes to infinity.
New meson spectroscopy with open charm and beauty

All the available experimental information on open charm and beauty mesons is used to classify the observed states in heavy quark doublets. The masses of some of the still unobserved states are predicted, in particular in the beauty sector. Adopting an effective Lagrangian approach based on the heavy quark and chiral symmetry, individual decay rates and ratios of branching fractions are computed, with results useful to assign the quantum numbers to recently observed charmed states which still need to be properly classified. Implications and predictions for the corresponding beauty mesons are provided. The experimental results are already copious, and are expected to grow up thanks to the experiments at the LHC and to the future high-luminosity flavour and $p-\bar p$ facilities.
Inhibition of signaling downstream of beta‐2 adrenoceptor by propranolol in prostate cancer cells

There is accumulating evidence that propranolol, an antagonist of beta‐1 and beta‐2 adrenoreceptors, extends survival of patients with prostate cancer; yet it is not known whether propranolol inhibits beta‐adrenergic signaling in prostate cancer cells, or systemic effects of propranolol play the leading role in slowing down cancer progression. Recently initiated clinical studies offer a possibility to test whether administration of propranolol inhibits signaling pathways in prostate tumors, however, there is limited information on the dynamics of signaling pathways activated downstream of beta‐2 adrenoreceptors in prostate cancer cells and on the inactivation of these pathways upon propranolol administration.
HAT-P-25b: A HOT-JUPITER TRANSITING A MODERATELY FAINT G STAR

We report the discovery of HAT-P-25b, a transiting extrasolar planet orbiting the V = 13.19 G5 dwarf star GSC 1788-01237, with a period P = 3.652836 ± 0.000019 days, transit epoch Tc = 2455176.85173 ± 0.00047 (BJD—barycentric Julian dates throughout the paper are calculated from Coordinated Universal Time, UTC), and transit duration 0.1174 ± 0.0017 days. The host star has a mass of 1.01 ± 0.03 M☉, radius of 0.96+0.05− 0.04 R☉, effective temperature 5500 ± 80 K, and metallicity [Fe/H] = +0.31 ± 0.08. The planetary companion has a mass of 0.567 ± 0.022 MJ and radius of 1.190+0.081− 0.056 RJ yielding a mean density of 0.42 ± 0.07 g cm−3.
Velocity renormalization in graphene from lattice Monte Carlo

We compute the Fermi velocity of the Dirac quasiparticles in clean graphene at the charge neutrality point for strong Coulomb coupling alpha_g. We perform a Lattice Monte Carlo calculation within the low-energy Dirac theory, which includes an instantaneous, long-range Coulomb interaction. We find a renormalized Fermi velocity v_FR > v_F, where v_F = c/300. Our results are consistent with a momentum-independent v_FR which increases approximately linearly with alpha_g, although a logarithmic running with momentum cannot be excluded at present. At the predicted critical coupling alpha_gc for the semimetal-insulator transition due to excitonic pair formation, we find v_FR/v_F = 3.3, which we discuss in light of experimental findings for v_FR/v_F at the charge neutrality point in ultra-clean suspended graphene.