Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BUSINESS & MANAGEMENT Industry 4.0 as a Challenge and Possibility in Small and Medium Size Enterprises

: This study has been carried out within the Industrial revolution trend in manufacturing industries. It has been aimed to investigate how a small and medium size company could implement the ideas behind 4th industrial revolution in their processes. The main idea and core concept of recent studies are trying to find question to the following question: ‘Is it better to adapt and shift to digitalization in operation or it is better to operate familiar environment’. A blend of literature-based subtractions is used to show the consequences and potentials of Industry 4.0 in SMEs. In this paper, we will try to cover enhance and the eventual aspects of Industry 4.0 has on SMEs through in-depth literature review. The findings indicate that Industry 4.0 can be crucial for companies. Companies first must achieve maturity level of processes then implement Industry 4.0. Our research work contributes understanding of transformation into digitalization and advantages of Industry 4.0 and the results from this study can be used as a basis for further investigation on this topic.
Factors affecting regional differences in farmland prices in Finland

Introduction Traditionally, farmland prices have varied greatly between different regions in Finland. Joining the European Union in 1995 meant an enormous change in Finnish agricultural policy. The previous support, which mostly consisted of price support, was reduced and area-based support measures were introduced. These support measures do not necessarily take into account differences in land quality; hence, one might expect price differences between good and poor land to have decreased. However, land price differences between regions seem to have increased in recent years. Taking into account the rapid structural change that is going on in Finnish agriculture, the issues of how and at what price resources, especially land, are transferred to continuing farmers are very important. The purpose of this study is to determine the factors that affect land prices and how these factors cause regional land price differences. Unlike other land value studies, the interpretation of infrastructure effects here concentrates on the non-farm job opportunities of farm families rather than on the non-farm demand for farmland.
Paper —CT Image Classification of Human Brain Using Deep Learning CT Image Classification of Human Brain Using Deep Learning

—Computed Tomography (CT) images are cross-sectional images of any specific area of a human body which allows doctors to see inside of a patient. CT scan is almost always the first imaging modality used to assess patients with suspected hemorrhage. A CT scan provides image reports in the form of grey shades. It is sometimes difficult to distinguish between two areas because the shades of grey in a CT image are occasionally similar. CT scan (Particularly “Non-Contrast Head CT Scan”) is the current guideline for primary imaging of patients with any head injuries or brain stroke like symptoms. To obtain any findings from the CT image, Radiologists or other doctors need to examine the images. Deep-learning is an important tool used in radiology and medical imaging which provides a better understanding of the image with more efficiency and quicker exam time. The main idea of this project is developing a model using classification algorithms which can be used to classify or detect hemorrhage in a CT image. The dataset consists of both normal CTs and CTs with hemorrhage. Deep learning is used to develop a model that can detect whether a CT image shows a hemorrhage or not.
The relationship between myocardial fibrosis and left ventricular mass regression following aortic valve replacement

Aim: Aortic valve diseases are associated with myocardial fibrosis. The relationship between severity of myocardial fibrosis and left ventricular mass reduction (LVMR) after aortic valve replacement (AVR) still needs to be elucidated. Material and methods: In a single-center, retrospective trial, 130 patients underwent AVR with/without concomitant surgery. The study population was divided by etiology into aortic stenosis (AS) and aortic regurgitation (AR) groups. LV end-diastolic diameter, LV septal and posterior thicknesses, LV mass, and aortic annulus were obtained in all study patients. Left ventricular mass regression index (iLVMR) was found by the difference between preoperative iLVM and follow-up iLVM. iLVMR in months was calculated by divided iLVMR on the number of before follow-up visit. Myocardial tissue was embedded in paraffin, and sectioned into 4 µm slices for histological staining (picrosirius red) and scanning. The fraction of myocardial volume occupied by collagen tissue was determined. Results: The left ventricular remodeling of AS and AR patients is There was significant LV mass reduction in both aortic valve disease groups in the follow-up group, p<0.001; AR group, The number of LVH cases decreased in both groups in the follow-up period group, p<0.001; AR group, p<0.05). In Post-AVR period the ejection fraction of LV did not improve in the AS group, AR group (p<0.05). and iLVEDD significantly decreased in the AS group (p<0.001 and p<0.001), compared to the AR group (p=NS, p<0.05). We did not found correlations between MF and LVM in preoperative, and follow-up periods for AS and AR groups. Moreover, MF did not correlate significantly to iLVMR and iLVMR in months. A significant correlation exists in AS patients between MF and preoperative iLVEDD (r =0.21, p=0.04). Conclusion: The LVM reduction was observed in both AS and AR groups. LVM of AS group recovered more quickly than that of AR group. In our study MF does not affect LVM regression. Large cohort of patients with myocardial biopsies and long-term follow-up are needed to access the impact of the MF on the LVMR.
Wavelet analysis of electron-density maps

The wavelet transform is a powerful technique in signal processing and image analysis and it is shown here that wavelet analysis of low-resolution electron-density maps has the potential to increase their resolution. Like Fourier analysis, wavelet analysis expresses the image (electron density) in terms of a set of orthogonal functions. In the case of the Fourier transform, these functions are sines and cosines and each one contributes to the whole of the image. In contrast, the wavelet functions (simply called wavelets) can be quite localized and may only contribute to a small part of the image. This gives control over the amount of detail added to the map as the resolution increases. The mathematical details are outlined and an algorithm which achieves a resolution increase from 10 to 7 A˚ using a knowledge of the wavelet-coefﬁcient histograms, electron-density histogram and the observed structure amplitudes is described. These histograms are calculated from the electron density of known structures, but it seems likely that the histograms can be predicted, just as electron-density histograms are at high resolution. The results show that the wavelet coefﬁcients contain the information necessary to increase the resolution of electron-density maps.
12 An Algebraic Approach to the Specification of Stochastic Systems ( Extended Abstract )

We introduce a framework to study stochastic systems, i.e. systems in which the time of occurrence of activities is a general random variable. We introduce and discuss in depth a stochastic process algebra (named Q) adequate to specify and analyse those systems. In order to give semantics to Q, we also introduce a model that is an extension of traditional automata with clocks which are basically random variables: the stochastic automata model. We show that this model and Q are equally expressive. Although stochastic automata are adequate to analyse systems since they are finite objects, they are still too ·coarse to serve as concrete semantic objects. Therefore, we introduce a type of probabilistic transition system that can deal with arbitrary probability spaces. In addition, we give a finite axiomatisation for Q that is sound for the several semantic notions we deal with, and complete for the finest of them. Moreover, an expansion law is straightforwardly derived.
A Comparison of Spring Stiffness Profiles for Use in a Passive-Elastic Leg Exoskeleton

Several research groups have pursued the development of a device capable of improving a human’s running ability. In 2009, Grabowski and Herr developed a passiveelastic leg exoskeleton that reduced the metabolic demand of hopping by 19 to 28% across a range of hopping frequencies. Hopping is used as an analogue to running because it exhibits similar biomechanical behavior and is more easily studied. Grabowski and Herr’s exoskeleton implemented bow springs that had a stiffness that decreased with increasing compression. No study has addressed if this form of nonlinearity is the most optimal, or if other spring behaviors could be more effective. In the present study, three exoskeleton spring types were developed with linear, progressively increasing, and progressively decreasing stiffness profiles. The metabolic effort of hopping in place was studied for each stiffness type and compared to hopping with no exoskeleton in three subjects. It was hypothesized that a linear spring profile that matches the near-linear stiffness profile of the human leg would result in the lowest metabolic power compared to the other profiles. Instead, the exoskeleton exhibiting gradually decreasing stiffness was most effective, reducing metabolic power for one subject by up to 32%. Analysis of ground reaction forces suggests that the stiffness profile that results in the lowest metabolic cost would be one that is initially stiff to absorb the energy of impact, and then adopts a stiffness profile which is tuned to allow the leg to adopt a near-linear stiffness while the leg is compressed.
How to guarantee factory communication with switched Ethernet: survey of its emerging technology

More and more switched Ethernet were used to support high bandwidth real-time communication in process control, factory automation and other real-time applications. This paper first presents a comprehensive analysis of the temporal characteristics of the technologies like full duplex, congestion control, priority handling, VLAN, Spanning tree protocol, RSVP et al used by a switched Ethernet. These technologies enforce the high bandwidth real-time quality of switched Ethernet. At the same time this paper gives introductions of (m,k)-firm that specified QoS (quality of service) of switched Ethernet.
In-vitro Anti-in lammatory activity of Liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) using Aqueous Extract

The G.glabra is otherwise called liquorice is a medicinal plant is used for various diseases like cold, cough, hypokalemia and muscle weakness, etc. The liquorice family belongs to the Fabaceae family of the G.glabra. Hence this study tells about the anti-in lammatory and antioxidants. The quantitative study of phytochemical analysis, antioxidant and Anti-in lammatory, cytotoxicity assay using a response from the root extract of G.glabra The results are showed above preliminary activity phytochemicals were present Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Coumarin, Saponins, Terpenoids, Steroids, Cardiac Glycosides. The antioxidant activity of aqueous extract of G. glabra were evaluated with the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), nitric oxide radical (NO), superoxide radical (SO), hydrogen peroxide radical (H2O2), and hydroxyl radical (HO) scavenging activity. This study shows about the activity of Glycyrrhiza glabra herbal medicinal plant aqueous extract using antioxidant assays, Antiin lammatory assays. The in vitro MTT 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5diphenyltetrazolium bromide Cytotoxicity assay were studied GG(G.glabra) extract using the macrophages Raw 246.7 Cell line. The cell line assay were studied in two different activity. One is anti-in lammation studies, and another is cytotoxicty of GG aqueous extract. The anti-in lammation IC50 value is 143.65, and GG extract dry sample were against the IC50 value is 326.27. From above, the results were a potential activity of GG extract R-value 0f 0.991.
An Eﬃcient Extraction Method of Hierarchical Structure of Web Communities for Web Video Retrieval

In this paper, we propose a method that enables eﬃcient extraction of hierarchical structure of Web communities containing Web videos that have similar topics in order to retrieve users’ desired Web videos. Speciﬁcally, the proposed method ﬁrst calculates Web video features by applying canonical correlation analysis to a small number of Web video samples obtained on the basis of a clustering scheme. Furthermore, we construct a “community graph” of which each node consists of multiple Web videos and each edge corresponds to hyperlinks of Web pages including these videos. Then, based on strongly connected components, edge betweenness and modularity of the community graph, hierarchical structure of Web communities is estimated. In this way, our method can eﬃciently extract the hierarchical structure of Web communities, and users’ desired Web videos can be retrieved by selecting Web communities according to their hierarchical structure.
Designing a cost estimation method for the design of prototype systems

Step Alternative Considerations Check Assumptions and Requirements Treat as Boolean Decision → Allow to modify but characterize with uncertainty The ability to modify the method when assumptions and requirements were made to enhance utility of the method while maintaining the estimator’s awareness of risks for either meeting or not meeting various assumptions. Generate Method Goals Expert judgment ← Prescribe a generation technique These goals related to the cost and schedule goals as they relate to the estimation process itself. The meaning here is that the goals will be applied from the expertise of the estimator as opposed to generating these goals numerically from inputs. There is some discussion on sensitivity analyses related to these parameters and the importance to understand this sensitivity as it relates to the estimation process. Generate Goals of Desired Results Expert judgment ← Prescribe a generation technique These goals will be collected as weights from cost, performance, and schedule. The meaning here is that the goals will be applied from the expertise of the estimator as opposed to generating these goals numerically from inputs. There is some discussion on sensitivity analyses related to these parameters and the importance to understand this sensitivity as it relates to the estimation process. Characterize Cost Use a single tool → Leverage Multiple Tools Instead of using only one tool, the option is left open to use multiple tools. This will mean that estimation tools better suited for hardware developments can be used on hardware related activities whereas software tools such as COCOMO may be used for software alone. Characterize Performance Ignore wishes and assume performance is static → Treat wishes separately and combine Instead of ignoring wishes, it was determined to consider them separately in order to gain a better understanding of the customer desires by including those wishes. Characterize Schedule Phase Event Information Diagram → Gantt Chart Due to familiarity with Gantt charts, it was decided to use these types of charts for the method due to their common use in industry. Combine Parameters Normalized Functions ← Treat separately It is important to consider all three key parameters (cost, schedule, performance) as related in order to capture the true overall cost and schedule of a program. It was decided to determine these based upon a normalized function that would compare all three terms based upon their initial weighting factors. Check Goals Allow for multiple iterations → Only one iteration It was decided that because the method cannot likely continue through several iterations and still meet the estimator’s goals, the iterations are limited to one-full iteration. Otherwise, the cost of the estimation method exercise would become too expensive.
New developments in wheelchair standards

Standards for wheelchairs have been and continue to be adapted by federal and private agencies which regulate or purchase wheelchairs. There are currently 22 international wheelchair standards that are either approved or in development. These standards address safety, durability, maneuverability, and transport. Consumers and clinicians must also be aware of wheelchairs standards so that they can be used in their purchasing and prescription decisions. Standards are well on their way towards establishing a higher quality plateau.
Molecular Sensing of Bacteria in Plants THE HIGHLY CONSERVED RNA-BINDING MOTIF RNP-1 OF BACTERIAL COLD SHOCK PROTEINS IS RECOGNIZED AS AN ELICITOR SIGNAL IN TOBACCO*□S

To detect microbial infection multicellular organisms have evolved sensing systems for pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Here, we identify bacterial cold shock protein (CSP) as a new such PAMP that acts as a highly active elicitor of defense responses in tobacco. Tobacco cells perceive a conserved domain of CSP and synthetic peptides representing 15 amino acids of this domain-induced responses at subnanomolar concentrations. Central to the elicitor-active domain is the RNP-1 motif KGFGFITP, a motif conserved also in many RNAand DNA-binding proteins of eukaryotes. Csp15Nsyl, a peptide representing the domain with highest homology to csp15 in a protein of Nicotiana sylvestris exhibited only weak activity in tobacco cells. Crystallographic and genetic data from the literature show that the RNP-1 domain of bacterial CSPs resides on a protruding loop and exposes a series of aromatic and basic side chains to the surface that are essential for the nucleotide-binding activity of CSPs. Similarly, these side chains were also essential for elicitor activity and replacement of single residues in csp15 with Ala strongly reduced or abolished activity. Most strikingly, csp15Ala10, a peptide with the RNP-1 motif modified to KGAGFITP, lacked elicitor activity but acted as a competitive antagonist for CSP-related elicitors. Bacteria commonly have a small family of CSP-like proteins including both cold-inducible and noninducible members, and Csp-related elicitor activity was detected in extracts from all bacteria tested. Thus, the CSP domain containing the RNP-1 motif provides a structure characteristic for bacteria in general, and tobacco plants have evolved a highly sensitive chemoperception system to detect this bacterial PAMP.
0.25 mu m gate length N-InGaP/InGaAs/GaAs HEMT DCFL circuit with lower power dissipation than high-speed Si CMOS circuits

The 0.25- mu m-gate N-InGaP/InGaAs/GaAs HEMT significantly improves DCFL circuit power dissipation to 70 mu W/gate and reduces the supply voltage to 0.6 V with a sufficient noise margin of 0.15 V. The development of the short gate HEMT with no short channel effects is the key to achieving the low power dissipation required for VLSI fabrication. The results are significant to future HEMT VLSI applications. <<ETX>>
Aligning K-12 and higher education: Using an intersectional approach to identify student preparation factors present upon college entry

ALIGNING K-12 AND HIGHER EDUCATION: USING AN INTERSECTIONAL APPROACH TO IDENTIFY STUDENT PREPARATION FACTORS PRESENT UPON COLLEGE ENTRY by Edgar Martinez The purpose of this study was to examine factors that were present in incoming college students that pertained to the connection they had with those in academic support roles, both during high school and upon college entry. The data for this study were collected using a survey containing closedand open-ended items related to students’ sense of belongingness and connectedness within their high school and college settings. A total of 113 San José State University undergraduate students completed the survey. The findings indicated that students’ attributed their motivating force for succeeding in high school and reaching college to their teachers. In college, students’ sense of belonging was closely connected to their level of involvement in clubs and sports. In addition, the activities students participated in served as a means to connect with their peers. College students felt a sense of belonging if they had friends. The results suggest that development of relationships to others is related to students’ increased sense of belongingness and connectedness within high school and college settings. There is a need to have a space to develop those human connections on high school and college campuses in order to increase students’ educational pursuits.
ANDROID GAME DESIGN UNTUK IDENTIFIKASI MODALITAS BELAJAR ( VAK )

Abstrak Gayabelajar seseorang yang sesuai dengan modalitas belajarnya dapat meningkatkan kemampuan belajar, konsentrasi, serta kualitas belajar yang akan mempengaruhi secara positif prestasi akademiknya. Proses menyerap informasi dengan menggunakan modalitas belajar adalah proses pertama yang terjadi dalam pengalaman belajar seseorang. Pada umumnya untukmengetahui modalitas belajar seseorang dilakukan melalui pengamatan atau observasi. Dalam dunia psikologi telah banyak dikembangkan alat ukur berupa kuisioner untuk menjadi media identifikasi. Penggunaan alat ukur seperti kuisioner itu pada prakteknya bisa saja memberikan hasil kurang valid. Hal ini bisa dikarenakan pengaruh kondisi subjek dalam memberikan jawaban pada saat menjawab kuisioner misalnya seperti dalam keadaan tidak berminat.Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk memberikan pengalaman baru kepada seseorang dalam melakukan identifikasi modalitas belajarnya dengan cara bermain game.Dengan memanfaatkan game yang interaktif maka diharapkan dapat menjadi media alternatif untuk identifikasi gaya belajar yang dapat meminimalkan faktor „sedang dalam keadaan tidak berminat‟ yang dapat mengurangi validitas dari hasil tes yang diberikan responden.
Vibration Control in Cable Robots Using a Multi-Axis Reaction System

The primary motivation of this thesis is to develop a control strategy for eliminating persistent vibrations in all six spatial directions of the end effector of a planar cable-driven parallel robotic manipulator. By analysing the controllability of a cable-driven robot dynamic model, the uncontrollable modes of the robot are identified. For such uncontrollable modes, a new multi-axis reaction system (MARS) is developed. The new MARS that is attached to the end effector is made of two identical pendulums driven by two servo motors. A decoupled PD controller strategy is developed for regulating controllable modes and a hierarchical sliding mode controller is developed for controlling the remaining modes of the cable robot using MARS. The performance of both controllers is studied and shown to be effective in simulation. The controllers are then implemented on an experimental test setup of a planar cable-driven manipulator. Both controllers are shown to completely eliminate the end effector vibrations.
A Low-Voltage Operational Transconductance Amplifier and Its Application to a Bandpass GmC Filter

A low-voltage operational transconductance amplifier(OTA) and a bandpass Gm-C filter built with the OTA are described in this paper. The OTA has effectively only two MOS transistors in saturation region between V00 and GNDsuitable for low voltage operation, and there are no internal nodes in the OT A suitable for high frequency operation. With this OT A, a prototype bandpass Gm-C filter was implemented in 0.8~m CMOS process. The center frequency can be controlled from 15.0MHz to 33.0MHz. The filter consumes only 0.43mW per pole when the center frequency is 15.0MHz.