Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Vertical distribution of black carbon and its mixing state in the urban boundary layer in summer

Abstract. The vertical distribution of black carbon (BC), as well as its mixing state, is of great concern due to BC's strong regional climatic and environmental effects. In this study, vertical measurements were conducted through a moveable container based on a meteorological tower in the Beijing urban area during June and July. A total of 112 vertical profiles (0–240 m), including the concentrations of BC, O3, NOx and the optical properties of aerosols, were obtained. Based on BC concentration, the vertical profiles could be classified into four categories: uniform, gradual decrease, sharp decrease and sudden increase. The uniform type indicates strong vertical mixing with similar pollutant concentrations along the vertical direction. The gradual and sharp decrease types indicate stable vertical conditions with higher pollutant concentrations on the ground and lower concentrations at higher altitudes. Due to the strong radiation in summer, the vertical profiles exhibited a clear diurnal variation in which ∼ 80 % of profiles were uniform during the daytime and ∼ 40 %–90 % of profiles were of the gradual and sharp decrease types at night. O3 is an exception, and its concentration generally increases with height, even under strong vertical mixing conditions. The size distribution of the BC core varied slightly along the vertical direction, and the coating thickness, denoted by the diameter ratio between the BC-containing particle and BC core (Dp/Dc), of BC increased with height under stable conditions. Although the coating thickness could increase the absorption ability with an average absorption enhancement of 1.25 at 23:00 LT (local time: UTC+8), the vertical difference of Dp/Dc (2 %) was much lower than that of BC concentration (∼ 35 %). The vertical variation in absorption ability was mainly caused by the variation in BC concentration. In addition, O3 and Dp/Dc occasionally increased during 06:00–08:00 but remained stable during 08:00–10:00. Vertical mixing and transportation from upper heights, such as the residual layer, could significantly influence the pollutant properties on the surface during early mornings. This study exhibits a continuous vertical picture of BC and its mixing state in urban areas, which would be helpful for understanding BC's regional environmental effect.
Layercake: Efficient Inference Serving with Cloud and Mobile Resources

Many mobile applications are now integrating deep learning models into their core functionality. These functionalities have diverse latency requirements while demanding high-accuracy results. Currently, mobile applications statically decide to use either in-cloud inference, relying on a fast and consistent network, or on-device execution, relying on sufficient local resources. However, neither mobile networks nor computation resources deliver consistent performance in practice. Consequently, mobile inference often experiences variable performance or struggles to meet performance goals, when inference execution decisions are not made dynamically. In this paper, we introduce Layer Cake, a deep-learning inference framework that dynamically selects the best model and location for executing inferences. Layercake accomplishes this by tracking model state and availability, both locally and remotely, as well as the network bandwidth, allowing for accurate estimations of model response time. By doing so, Layercake achieves latency targets in up to 96.4% of cases, which is an improvement of 16.7% over similar systems, while decreasing the cost of cloud-based resources by over 68.33% than in-cloud inference.
Generation of a Well-Characterized Homozygous Chromodomain-Helicase-DNA-Binding Protein 4G1003D Mutant hESC Line Using CRISPR/eCas9 (ULIEGEe001-A-1)

The chromatin remodeler Chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein 4 (CHD4) is crucial for the development of multiple organ systems. Functional mutations of CHD4 have recently been described in a developmental disorder, namely Siffrim-Hitz-Weiss syndrome (SIHIWES). Herein, we have generated a homozygous CHD4G1003D hESC line (WAe025-A-1) using CRISPR/eCas9-based gene editing in the WA-25 hESC line. The edited hESC line maintains normal karyotype, pluripotency, and ability to differentiate into three germ layers. This cell line will be a valuable resource for studying the functional role of CHD4 during the development and disease modeling of SIHIWES in vitro.
Effect of shear thinning on superhydrophobic slip: Perturbative corrections to the effective slip length

Analytical expressions are derived for the first order correction to the effective slip length of a weakly shear-thinning Carreau-Yasuda fluid in both longitudinal and transverse semi-infinite shear flow over a unidirectional superhydrophobic surface of flat no-shear slots. The formulas, which are derived using suitably generalized forms of the standard reciprocal theorem for Stokes flow, are given by explicit integrals which require only numerical quadrature for their evaluation. For both longitudinal and transverse flow we find that for a given no-shear fraction of the superhydrophobic surface, and a given power-law index characterising the Carreau-Yasuda fluid, there is a critical imposed strain rate of the shear at which the enhancement of effective slip is maximal. The theoretical results are qualitatively consistent with recent numerical work by other authors for the transverse case.
IncreAuth: Incremental-Learning-Based Behavioral Biometric Authentication on Smartphones

Touch behavior biometric has been widely studied for continuous authentication on mobile devices, which provides a more secure authentication in an implicit process. However, the existing touch behavior biometric-based authentication systems suffer from two issues. First, the existing touch behavior representation methods are hard to characterize touch operations under complex usage context. Second, the authentication accuracy of existing authentication models is inclined to degrade over time in a long-term real-life usage scenario due to change in data distribution caused by varying touch behavior. Toward this end, in this article, we develop IncreAuth, an incremental learning-based continuous authentication framework, which allows to provide effective stable authentication performance in the long-term smartphone usage scenario. Specifically, we first propose a novel context-aware feature set to characterize touch behavior patterns in complex usage context. Then, we develop an authentication model GBDTNN, which integrates the advantages of a gradient boosting decision tree model for processing our high-dimensional feature set and neural network model for efficient online updating. A behavior drift-based online updating mechanism is also designed to learn both long-term and short-term touch behavior patterns. To evaluate our framework, we construct a large-scale smartphone usage data set over two months collected from the unconstrained environment. Extensive experiments demonstrate that IncreAuth achieves the state-of-the-art and stable authentication accuracy over time and low system overheads.
Earthquake response of low-rise RC moment frame structures according to energy dissipation ratio of beam-column joints

Abstract Seismic response of RC moment frame structures (particularly, in low-rise buildings) is affected by the inelastic hysteretic response and energy dissipation of beam-column joints. In current earthquake design codes, however, the earthquake response of the structures is evaluated without direct consideration of the energy dissipation of beam-column joints. In the present study, non-linear time history analysis using the energy-based hysteresis model was carried out to investigate the effect of the energy dissipation performances of the beam-column joints on the seismic response of the structures. To demonstrate the applicability of the proposed analysis method, it was applied to existing dynamic test results of RC moment frame structures. On the basis of the proposed method, non-linear time history analysis for six different typed low-rise RC moment frame structures under 14 earthquake records was performed. Design parameters were the energy dissipation ratios of beam-column joints (from pinching behavior to elasto-perfectly plastic behavior), moment frame stories (3, 5, and 9 stories), and moment frame configuration (two and four spans). The analysis results showed that the low energy dissipation of beam-column joints increased the ductility requirement of the low-rise RC moment frame structures.
Volumetric Change Detection with using Structure from Motion – The Impact of Repeat Station Imaging

Repeat Station Imaging (RSI) for image acquisition is compared with non-RSI to assess the methods’ effects on vertical and volumetric estimation using structure from motion (SFM). Aerial triangulation (i.e., SFM) is used to create three-dimensional reconstructions of the study area using unmanned aerial vehicle-acquired imagery. Targets of known volume were deployed throughout the scene and manipulated to create changes between the first and subsequent flights. An RSI flight and two non-RSI flights were compared to a baseline flight in order to estimate a series of introduced volumetric changes, which were then compared to known volume changes. Using images with a nominal ground sampling distance of 1.96 cm, results show a total root-mean-squared-error (RMSE) of 0.035 m3 and mean percent error (MPE) of 25.9% for the RSI flight, and average RMSE of 0.057 m3 and MPE 33.3% for the two non-RSI flights. For the measurement of volumetric changes to extant features, the RSI flight had an RMSE of 0.026 m3 and an MPE of 17.6%; the average RMSE and MPE of the two non-RSI flights were 0.071 m3 and 39.4%. These results show that RSI has the potential to improve the accuracy of volumetric and height change estimation.
The Sustainable Human Resource Practices and Employee Outcomes Link: An HR Process Lens

Sustainable human resource (HR) practices, such as diversity and inclusion, have gained considerable attention in HR research. However, to this point, most of the research has focused on the content of HR practices, rarely considering the HR process perspective. Consequently, the processes that explain the relationships between sustainable HR practices and subsequent employee behavioural outcomes are unclear. In this conceptual paper, we propose a revised process model to explain the effects of sustainable HR practices by building on the Strategic HR process model. We contribute to the sustainable HR literature, the HR process research, and the process model by Wright and Nishii in particular. We conclude the conceptual paper by highlighting future research recommendations.
Changes in Cortisol Secretion and Corticosteroid Receptors in COVID-19 and Non COVID-19 Critically Ill Patients with Sepsis/Septic Shock and Scope for Treatment

Sepsis is associated with dysregulated cortisol secretion, leading to abnormal levels of cortisol in the blood. In the early stages of the condition, cortisol levels are typically elevated due to increased secretion from the adrenal glands. However, as the disease progresses, cortisol levels may decline due to impaired adrenal function, leading to relative adrenal insufficiency. The latter is thought to be caused by a combination of factors, including impaired adrenal function, decreased production of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) by the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, and increased breakdown of cortisol. The dysregulation of cortisol secretion in sepsis is thought to contribute to the pathophysiology of the disease by impairing the body’s ability to mount an appropriate inflammatory response. Given the dysregulation of cortisol secretion and corticosteroid receptors in sepsis, there has been considerable interest in the use of steroids as a treatment. However, clinical trials have yielded mixed results and corticosteroid use in sepsis remains controversial. In this review, we will discuss the changes in cortisol secretion and corticosteroid receptors in critically ill patients with sepsis/septic shock. We will also make special note of COVID-19 patients, who presented a recent challenge for ICU management, and explore the scope for corticosteroid administration in both COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 septic patients.
O debate do feminismo no Twitter: Um estudo de caso das eleições brasileiras de 2022

Twitter é uma das redes sociais online mais utilizadas para debates, sendo as eleições e seus resultados temas recorrentes nos últimos meses. Aqui, estudamos a percepção do público em temas relacionados ao feminismo, analisando mais de 700 mil tweets em português nos períodos antes, durante e após as eleições. Os resultados fornecem um entendimento inicial sobre a dinâmica do debate online de temas sensíveis, evidenciando como as pessoas utilizam o mundo online para compartilhar suas opiniões, impressões e preocupações acerca de assuntos relacionados ao feminismo no período analisado.
Cell Culture Systems for Studying Hepatitis B and Hepatitis D Virus Infections

The hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis D virus (HDV) infections cause liver disease, including hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HBV infection remains a major global health problem. In 2019, 296 million people were living with chronic hepatitis B and about 5% of them were co-infected with HDV. In vitro cell culture systems are instrumental in the development of therapeutic targets. Cell culture systems contribute to identifying molecular mechanisms for HBV and HDV propagation, finding drug targets for antiviral therapies, and testing antiviral agents. Current HBV therapeutics, such as nucleoside analogs, effectively suppress viral replication but are not curative. Additionally, no effective treatment for HDV infection is currently available. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop therapies to treat both viral infections. A robust in vitro cell culture system supporting HBV and HDV infections (HBV/HDV) is a critical prerequisite to studying HBV/HDV pathogenesis, the complete life cycle of HBV/HDV infections, and consequently identifying new therapeutics. However, the lack of an efficient cell culture system hampers the development of novel antiviral strategies for HBV/HDV infections. In vitro cell culture models have evolved with significant improvements over several decades. Recently, the development of the HepG2-NTCP sec+ cell line, expressing the sodium taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide receptor (NTCP) and self-assembling co-cultured primary human hepatocytes (SACC-PHHs) has opened new perspectives for a better understanding of HBV and HDV lifecycles and the development of specific antiviral drug targets against HBV/HDV infections. We address various cell culture systems along with different cell lines and how these cell culture systems can be used to provide better tools for HBV and HDV studies.
Coil current and vacuum magnetic flux calculation for axisymmetric equilibria

In fixed-boundary axisymmetric equilibrium calculations the plasma shape is assigned from input. In several circumstances, the plasma shape may not be known a priori, or one may desire to also compute the magnetic field in the volume surrounding the plasma through the calculation of a free-boundary equilibrium. This requires either the coil currents or the magnetic poloidal flux on a curve in the vacuum region to be assigned as input for the free-boundary equilibrium calculation. The FREE-FIX code presented in this article is a general tool for calculating coil currents being given a fixed-boundary calculation. A new formulation is presented, which considerably reduces the computational cost of the calculation. FREE-FIX performs well for different geometries and experiments.
An Introduction to Regression Graphics

Getting Started. Simple Regression Plots. Two--Dimensional Plots. Scatterplot Matrices. Three--Dimensional Plots. Visualizing Linear Regression with Two Predictors. Visualizing Regression Without Linearity. Finding Dimension. Predictor Transformations. Response Transformations. Checking Models. Assessing Predictors. Influence and Outliers. Confidence Regions. Appendices. References. Index.
A Potentiometric Enzymatic Flexible Dopamine Biosensor With Temperature Compensation Based on the Flexible Printed Circuit Board

A temperature-compensated potentiometric dopamine (DA) biosensor implemented on a flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) is presented. This enzymatic aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) sensing window consists of a readout circuit based on the chip designed in this study. The present temperature of the solution under test is obtained from the temperature sensor on the other side of the sensor. Linear temperature compensation is performed with a custom readout IC implemented in a 0.18- $\mu \text{m}$ CMOS process, and the DA biosensor and a commercial temperature-sensing component are mounted on the FPCB. The drift and repeatability experiments have shown that the DA biosensor performs well under long-term and repeated measurements. The measurement errors caused by solution temperature changes from 20 °C to 40 °C are reduced by 86%.
STRUCTURAL AND ELASTODYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF ROTARY TRANSFER MACHINES BY FINITE ELEMENT MODEL

Vibration monitoring and control are central topics for machine tools, since high vibration levels reduce the quality of machined surfaces and shorten the tool life. In order to predict potential vibration issues since the early design stage, it is necessary to implement ad hoc numerical models for modal analysis. This requires significant efforts and possible conflicts with tight production scheduling of companies. This work focuses on a specific family of rotary transfer machines for the manufacturing of parts related to lock&keys industry. It investigates the possibility to achieve an acceptable estimation of the elastodynamic behavior of the machine tools through limited modifications of the Finite Element (FE) models used for structural analysis, which are generally available in the early phases of the design process. The structural FE model of a new machine tool is implemented and validated through experimental tests performed on a prototype. Then, the elastodynamic FE model is derived and simulated. The numerical results are consistent with the data provided by Experimental Modal Analysis (EMA). Hence, the proposed approach is confirmed viable and will be integrated in the company workflow of future machine designs.
Silicon grating coupler on a lithium niobate thin film waveguide

A silicon (Si) grating coupler on a Si-strip-loaded lithium niobate (LN) thin film waveguide was proposed and realized. The optimized coupling efficiency (CE) by simulation was −5 dB at a wavelength of 1550 nm by the two-dimensional finite-different time-domain method (2D-FDTD), while the measured CE was about −18 dB. The coupler was etched by the focused ion beam etching method (FIB) in the Si strip thin film which was deposited by magnetron sputtering technology, patterned by photolithography and a lift-off process. The realization of the Si grating coupler and tapered waveguide could benefit the research of more advanced and complicated integrated optical devices.
Novel Amorphous-Wollastonitic Low-Calcium Hydraulic Binders: A State-of-the-Art Review

Because of the severe environmental impact of the CO2 emissions associated with the production of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and the increasing demand for this commodity material, the development of alternative products has become a global concern. One alternative to OPC, or alitic-based clinkers, are amorphous-wollastonitic low-calcium hydraulic binders (AWLCs). This new class of hydraulic binders, described in the literature for the first time in 2015, may significantly reduce the CO2 emissions associated with its production, resulting from its lower calcium content, but also from the fact that its production technology can be fully electrified. In this paper, a state-of-the-art review is presented, providing a comprehensive description of the latest research, summarizing both the physicochemical and mechanical characteristics of this type of hydraulic binder, as well as possible routes for its production at an industrial scale.
A Review of Hodgkin Lymphoma in the Era of Checkpoint Inhibitors

Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a hematopoietic malignancy of B-cells that has a bimodal distribution with respect to age and incidence. With the introduction of doxorubicin (Adriamycin), bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (ABVD) and radiation combined, the prognosis of HL has significantly improved, with five-year survival rates approaching 95%. While HL has become highly curable, the side effect profiles of ABVD are dire and warrant continuous review. Because HL is often diagnosed in populations in their 20s-30s, patients are forced to undergo fertility preservation procedures as well as deal with other long-term side effects of chemotherapy (including doxorubicin dose-dependent cardiotoxicity and bleomycin-induced lung toxicity). The opportunity cost of the treatment in the short term and vulnerability to treatment-induced malignancies decades later dramatically affect the quality of life of HL patients. New therapies have developed over the past several decades with respect to immunotherapies, particularly programmed death protein 1 inhibitors (e.g., nivolumab and pembrolizumab). Studies have shown checkpoint inhibitors to be effective in treating HL with an objective response rate of 69% for relapsed/refractory classical HL for nivolumab use. Checkpoint inhibitors will continue to help maintain the high five-year survival rate for HL and hopefully have a more favorable side effect profile in the short term, as well as later in the patient’s life. This article seeks to summarize treatment options for HL while comparing outcomes and side effect profiles with the addition of checkpoint inhibitors.
Glycine: The Smallest Anti-Inflammatory Micronutrient

Glycine is a non-essential amino acid with many functions and effects. Glycine can bind to specific receptors and transporters that are expressed in many types of cells throughout an organism to exert its effects. There have been many studies focused on the anti-inflammatory effects of glycine, including its abilities to decrease pro-inflammatory cytokines and the concentration of free fatty acids, to improve the insulin response, and to mediate other changes. However, the mechanism through which glycine acts is not clear. In this review, we emphasize that glycine exerts its anti-inflammatory effects throughout the modulation of the expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in many cells. Although glycine is a non-essential amino acid, we highlight how dietary glycine supplementation is important in avoiding the development of chronic inflammation.