Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CNPY2 governs PDGF‑BB‑treated vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, migration and phenotypic transformation via the Akt/mTOR/GSK‑3β signaling pathway

Phenotype switching of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is a pathological process in various vascular diseases. Canopy FGF signaling regulator 2 (CNPY2) has previously been found to be abnormally expressed in ApoE-/- mice and aortic endothelial cells, indicating it may have an important role in vascular diseases. The present study aimed to determine the role and mechanism of CNPY2 in VSMC phenotype switching. Following stimulation with platelet-derived growth factor type BB (PDGF-BB), the expression of CNPY2 in VSMCs was detected using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blot analysis. Subsequently, to explore the regulatory effects of CNPY2 on VSMCs, CNPY2 expression was knocked down by transfection with short hairpin RNA and cell viability, proliferation, migration and phenotypic transformation indicators were detected. Western blot analysis was also used to detect the phosphorylation of Akt/mTOR/GSK-3β pathway-associated proteins downstream of CNPY2. In addition, pretreatment with the Akt pathway activator SC79 was performed to further explore the regulatory mechanisms of CNPY2. The results revealed that CNPY2 expression was upregulated in PDGF-BB-stimulated VSMCs. In addition, the knockdown of CNPY2 inhibited PDGF-BB-induced VSMC hyperproliferation, cell cycle arrest, migration and phenotypic transformation, as well the activation of Akt/mTOR/GSK-3β pathway-associated proteins. Pretreatment with SC79 significantly reversed the inhibitory effects of CNPY2 knockdown on the proliferation, cell cycle arrest, migration and phenotypic transformation of the model cells. In summary, the present study indicates that CNPY2 regulates the abnormal proliferation, migration and phenotypic transformation of PDGF-BB-stimulated VSMCs via activation of the Akt/mTOR/GSK-3β signaling pathway.
A modified box and cox power transformation to determine the standardized precipitation index

The objective of this research was to create a new transformation method, based on a modification of the Box and Cox power transformation (SMBC) by adding the ratio of skewness to two sample sizes, to characterized rought conditions with a standardized precipitation index (SPI). Along with the various classical data transformations, namely the Box and Cox power transformation (BC), the exponential transformation, the Yeo and Johnson transformation, and a modification to BC by adding range, the results of a simulation study showed that the BC and SMBC methods had similar efficiencies when transforming gamma data, Weibull data, and Pearson type III data to a normal distribution, and notably, SMBC performed particularly well with the latter. Drought conditions were evaluated using the SMBC transformation on real-life data from rain gauging stations at Muang (Lamphun), Mae Prik (Lampang) and Chom Thong (Chiang Mai), Thailand. The SMBC proved to be particularly useful in determining the SPI.
Monitoring dynamic land-use change in rural–urban transition: a case study from Hathazari Upazila, Bangladesh

ABSTRACT This study evaluates land-use/cover change (LULCC) and urban expansion in Hathazari Upazila, Chittagong, between 1977 and 2017 using satellite images. Spatial and temporal dynamics of LULCC was quantified using three Landsat images, a supervised classification algorithm, and the post-classification change detection technique through geographic information system. The overall supervised classification accuracy of the Landsat-derived land-use/cover maps ranged from 74% to 91%. The analysis revealed substantial growth of settlement (146%) and agricultural land (124%) in Hathazari Upazila, Chittagong, over the study period which resulted in significant decrease in the area of water bodies (68.9%), homestead (54.4%), and hill forest (43.3%). The research quantified the patterns of LULCC for the last 40 years for Hathazari Upazila, Chittagong, that might contribute to both development of sustainable urban land-use planning decisions and probable growth patterns.
Variation in bacterial biomass in a subalpine recreational lake: evidence for pelagic photoinhibition

Heterotrophic bacteria in aquatic ecosystems have an important role in the foodweb. They convert particulate organic carbon and dissolved organic matter into biomass, provide a food source to Iarger metazoan zooplankton, and recycling nutrients for phytoplankton (DELÜIORGIO 1997 et al., WATANABE 1996). Yet, due to the variety of sampling techniques and an overwhelming diversity of organisms, they are often overlooked when assessing trophic structure. This study tested an easy to use method to quantify the distribution and biomass of heterotrophic bacterioplankton biomass at Castle Lake, USA. Detailed analyses o f nutrients, temperature profiles, dissolved oxygen, primary production, chlorophyll, zooplankton, and other characteristics have been studied since 1959. Despite such long-term data collection, little information exists from this Iake regarding heterotrophic bacteria and the pelagic bacterio-plankton. Depending on the trophic state of lakes, relative function of heterotrophic bacteria can vary, with higher biomass seen in more eutrophic systems and those with high amounts of terrestrial detritus input (KlsAND & Wn<NER 2003). The objective was to assess spatial and temporal variability in the abundance and distribution of heterotrophic bacterioplankton in Castle Lake during the sununer season. Results of our study can be used in coordination with other limnological parameters collected during the past 45 years.
Green Biocatalyst for Ultrasound-Assisted Thiazole Derivatives: Synthesis, Antibacterial Evaluation, and Docking Analysis

The catalytic activity of chitosan (Cs) and grafted Cs led to the preparation of terephthalohydrazide Cs Schiff’s base hydrogel (TCsSB), which was then investigated as an eco-friendly biocatalyst for synthesizing novel thiazole derivatives. TCsSB exhibited greater surface area and higher thermal stability compared to Cs, making it a promising eco-friendly biocatalyst. We synthesized two novel series of thiazoles via the reaction of 2-(2-oxo-1,2-diphenylethylidene) hydrazine-1-carbothioamide with various hydrazonoyl chlorides and 2-bromo-1-arylethan-1-ones, employing ultrasonic irradiation and using TCsSB as a catalyst. A comparative study between Cs and TCsSB revealed higher yields than TCsSB. The methodology offered advantages such as mild reaction conditions, quick reaction times, and high yields. TCsSB could be reused multiple times without a significant loss of potency. The chemical structures of the newly synthesized compounds were verified through IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and MS analyses. Six synthesized compounds were assessed for their in vitro antibacterial effectiveness by establishing the minimum inhibitory concentration against four distinct bacterial strains. The docking analyses revealed favorable binding scores against several amino acids within the selected protein (PDB Code-1MBT) for these compounds, with compound 4c exhibiting particularly noteworthy binding properties. Additionally, the in silico ADME parameter estimation for all compounds indicated favorable pharmacological properties for these compounds.
CORPORATE DYNAMICS: Exploring the Nexus of Company Size, Leverage, Profitability, and the Regulatory Role of Variable Tax Aggressiveness

Tax avoidance is one of the efforts to minimize the tax burden that is often carried out by companies, because it is still within the framework of applicable tax regulations. The purpose of this study is to empirically prove the effect of Company Size, Leverage, Profitability simultaneously on Company Value in mining sector companies listed on the IDX in 2017-2021, the total population in this study is 47 companies. Samples were obtained using the purposive sampling method, so 41 companies were obtained. The research approach used in this study is quantitative research. The secondary data used is obtained from financial statements according to the selected criteria. The data collection method is carried out using purposive sampling by processing data using the Eviews software tool version 9. Data analysis using Panel Data Regression and Moderating Regression Analysis. Based on the paired test model using Chow Test, Hausmant Test and Lagrange Multiplier Test, the best model used is the Fixed Effect Model. The calculation results state that Company Size, Leverage and Profitability together have a significant positive effect on the Company Value of Mining Companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2017-2021 period.
Perceptions and Realities of Lisbon: An Examination of the Image of a Tourist Destination

Destination image is related to comprising cognitive, emotional, and conative components and includes an individual's thoughts, ideas, and perceptions of a place. Images consistently coincide with the internalisation of distinct perspectives, demonstrating that people have different perceptions of the destiny. Influences include media, authority figures, music, and movies. Although the experience may not match their initial expectations, these effects form their preconceived beliefs and expectations of a trip. Accordingly, it is important to explore the trustfulness of the positioning of tourist destinations to ascertain its alignment with the expectations of tourists. Given that, Lisbon has been regarded as one of the foremost European cities in recent years, owing to its high level of accessibility and its multifaceted sensory attributes, it was deemed pertinent to investigate the perceptions of the visitors towards the city. The present study used a mixed methods approach, incorporating a multimedia component that showcases various locations in the Lisbon region with open-ended questionnaires to gather the perspectives of the tourists and a closed-ended questionnaire that inquiries about the primary factors that attract visitors to Lisbon. This analysis employed graphical representations, including word clouds and graphics to explore the identified impressions. The research revealed a robust association between cultural, historical, and aesthetic variables and the choice of travel destination. Certain visual representations highlight the imperative of pursuing sustainable and responsible development to mitigate the potential for enduring degradation. This holds significance as certain images are linked to instances of environmental and social irresponsibility. The study also revealed that History and Heritage emerged as the most significant factors that attract individuals, followed by Cultural Attractions, Weather and Climate, Gastronomy, and Panoramic Views and Landscapes. A notable perception exists regarding the insufficiency of sustainability and eco-friendly practices, underscoring the necessity for targeted sustainability endeavours to promote responsible and sustainable development of tourism destinations. Indeed, additional research on the contrast of perception and reality at the location is needed to evaluate the picture provided to visitors. However, understanding tourist-relevant areas like Lisbon is a good foundation for advertising them, allowing various stakeholders to make authentic and valuable marketing decisions.
An Integrated Perspective : The Impact of Digital Financial Knowledge and Self-Esteem on Financial Behavior in the Lives of College Students

This research aims to analyze the impact of digital financial knowledge on college students’ financial behavior, and the involvement of self-esteem as a mediator variable. This study used a quantitative survey method. The sample used was a group of 249 undergraduate students majoring in accounting education at Universitas Sebelas Maret and Universitas Negeri Semarang. A conceptual model, containing hypotheses outlining the impact was constructed and assessed through validity, reliability, frequency statistics and path analysis. The findings indicated a direct and positive correlation of digital financial knowledge on financial behavior. This research contributes fresh perspectives by providing both practical and theoretical insights into the variables employed in the study.
Adapting the Relaxed Tanks-in-Series Model for Stormwater Wetland Water Quality Performance

Across the globe, water quality standards have been implemented to protect receiving waters from stormwater pollution, motivating regulators (and consequently designers) to develop tools to predict the performance of stormwater control measures such as constructed stormwater wetlands (CSWs). The goal of this study was to determine how well the relaxed tanks-in-series (P-k-C*) model described the performance of CSWs in North Carolina. Storm events monitored at 10 CSWs in North Carolina were used for calibrating the model, and statistical evaluations concluded the model could adequately predict the performance for all pollutants except organic nitrogen. Nash–Sutcliff calibration/validation values were determined to be 0.72/0.78, 0.78/0.74, 0.91/0.87, 0.72/0.62, 0.88/0.73, and 0.91/0.63 for total nitrogen, total ammoniacal nitrogen, oxidized nitrogen, organic nitrogen, total phosphorus, and total suspended solids, respectively. Sensitivity analysis revealed only one calibration parameter with strong sensitivity, the Arrhenius coefficient (temperature dependent model coefficient). With this model, CSWs can be optimized to treat watershed-specific influent concentrations to meet effluent targets. In general, the current design technique used in North Carolina and many other locations (a first flush volume detention method) oversizes CSWs for water quality vis-a-vis the method herein, suggesting improved designs for water quality may be possible through scientifically-informed methods.
Behaviour of Strip Footing in the Vicinity of Non-Yielding Wall

The paper presents two-1/3 scale nonyielding wall-strip footing models that were constructed and tested at the sand box test facility at the American University of Sharjah (AUS). The objective of the testing program is to quantify the responses of both strip footing and nonyielding wall constructed closer to each other. To achieve this objective, different design construction parameters have been considered including: (1) the strip footing width (B), (2) footing distance from non-yielding wall back (a), and, (3) strip footing embedment depth below the backfill surface (Df). Test results indicated that the location of the strip footing relative to the wall is a major factor in dictating the load bearing capacity of the strip footing, and the maximum lateral deflection of the non-yielding wall. Meanwhile, the vertically loaded strip footing imposed substantial vertical and horizontal forces at the wall top and bottom boundaries. The strip footing load bearing capacity increased as the distance from the wall increased, the footing width decreased, and the embedment depth increased. Data collected from the responses of scaled-physical model test were used to recognize deficiencies in current design approaches for similar soil structure interaction problems.
Designing UI/UX for Web-Based Evaluation in Artificial Intelligence E-Learning to Determine Learning Motivation with Design Thinking Approach

E-Learning is a solution to increase knowledge and skills. One of them is learning Artificial Intelligence (AI). Based on this, AI can be learned through web-based e-learning, one of which is on the eCraft2Learn web. The eCraft2Learn website is an e-learning about AI that applies block-based programming to its learning. However, the evaluation feature has not been facilitated on the web. While in the educational process, learning evaluation is a factor that needs to be considered to determine the extent to which students master learning and diagnose student learning difficulties. Based on field studies conducted to students at SMK Negeri 4 Bandung, pain points were obtained from their experience in using online-based learning evaluations. Thus, it is necessary to design a User Interface and User Experience (UI/UX) learning evaluation on eCraft2Learn to overcome these pain points using the Design Thinking method. This design is carried out through five stages, namely Empathize, Define, Ideate, Prototype, and Test. With this design, a UI/UX design is produced that can increase students' intrinsic motivation when doing evaluations. Intrinsic motivation is significantly related to the completion of a task. Therefore, the measurement results from user experience through the User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ) are above average, and the UI/UX design that has been designed has a positive effect on the interest or pleasure subscale and the perceived choice subscale.
A Stochastic Frontier Approach to Study the Relationship between the Hygienic Quality of Bulk Tank Sheep Milk and Technical Efficiency of the Coagulation Process

Sheep milk from local breeds is important for the production of high-quality cheeses throughout the Mediterranean region, such as Manchego cheese in Spain. To maintain sustainable and efficient production, it is necessary to reach a better understanding of how the composition and hygiene of the milk affect the coagulation process, with the aim of optimizing production yield. This study implemented a stochastic production frontier function to estimate the potential production of curd and efficiency using data from the four seasons of a study of 77 Manchega sheep farms. The Cobb–Douglas production frontier model was estimated using the maximum likelihood estimation method. The results showed that the content of protein, lactose, and fat exhibited increasing returns to scale, with protein content being the most significant factor for curd production. Approximately half of the inefficiency was due to factors related to the technological properties and the hygiene of the milk. The pH, curd firmness, and concentration of lactic acid bacteria improved the efficiency of coagulation, while the concentration of spores of lactate-fermenting Clostridium spp. , Pseudomonas spp. , staphylococci, and catalase-negative gram-positive cocci favored the inefficiency of the coagulation process. To date, this is the first study to evaluate the effect of different factors, such as microbial groups, milk composition, and technological properties, on the efficiency of the coagulation process in dairy sheep.
Biomaterials for improving the blood and tissue compatibility of total artificial hearts (TAH) and ventricular assist devices (VAD)

Abstract: This chapter reviews biomaterials used for artificial hearts and ventricular assist devices. The chapter identifies some of the commercially available cardiac devices and the materials used within, stretching the most important polymers, metals and ceramics. It then discusses the interaction between blood/tissue and biomaterials and subsequently the way of refinement of biomaterials in order to achieve optimum performance. The chapter includes also the evaluation of biomaterials in terms of their blood and tissue compatibility and related international standards.
Independent Speaker Identification Using Gaussian Mixture Model

This paper describes text-independent (TI) Speaker Identification (ID) using Gaussian mixture models (GMM). The use of GMM approach is motivated by that the individual Gaussian components of a GMM are shown to represent some general speaker-dependent spectral shapes that are effective for speaker identity modeling. For speaker model training, a fast re-estimation algorithm based on highest likelihood mixture clustering is introduced. In this work, the GMM is evaluated on TI Speaker ID task via series of experiments (model convergence, effect of feature set, number of Gaussian components, and training utterance length on identification rate). The database consisted of Malay clean sentence speech database uttered by 10 speakers (3 female and 7 male). Each speaker provides the same 40 sentences utterances (average length3.5s) with different text. The sentences for testing were different from those for training. The GMM achieved 98.4% identification rate using 5 training sentences. The model training based on highest likelihood clustering is shown to perform comparably to conventional expectation-maximization training but consumes much shorter computational time. Keywords— Speaker Indentification, Gaussian Mixture Model
The Impact of Vergence Dysfunction on Myopia Control in Children Wearing Defocus Spectacle Lenses

Purpose To investigate the impact of vergence dysfunction on myopia progression in children with Defocus incorporated multiple segments (DIMS) spectacle lenses. Patients and Methods We retrospectively enrolled children prescribed DIMS spectacle lenses to slow myopic progression. Baseline vergence dysfunction was determined according to phoria at distance and near. Axial length (AL) measurement and cycloplegic subjective refraction were performed before fitting the lenses and at six-month and one-year follow-ups. The six-month and one-year AL and spherical equivalent (SE) change from baseline were calculated and compared in subgroups stratified with the type of vergence dysfunction. Results Two hundred and ninety-two myopic children were included. Significant AL elongation and SE progression were observed at six months and one year (P < 0.05 for all comparisons). Multiple regression demonstrated that AL elongation at six months (P < 0.001) and one year (P < 0.001) was negatively correlated with age, and SE progression at six months was associated with age (P = 0.002). The AL elongation at six months in children with convergence excess was significantly greater than in normal myopic subjects (P = 0.011) and subjects with convergence insufficiency (P = 0.008), divergence excess (P = 0.007), divergence insufficiency (P = 0.024) and basic esophoria (P = 0.048) at six months. Conclusion The present research demonstrated that vergence dysfunction influences myopia progression for myopic children with DIMS, and the children with convergence excess suffer from the greatest myopia progression among different types of vergence dysfunction.
Cellular Dynamics of Fas-Associated Death Domain in the Regulation of Cancer and Inflammation

Fas-associated death domain (FADD) is an adaptor protein that predominantly transduces the apoptosis signal from the death receptor (DR) to activate caspases, leading to the initiation of apoptotic signaling and the coordinated removal of damaged, infected, or unwanted cells. In addition to its apoptotic functions, FADD is involved in signaling pathways related to autophagy, cell proliferation, necroptosis, and cellular senescence, indicating its versatile role in cell survival and proliferation. The subcellular localization and intracellular expression of FADD play a crucial role in determining its functional outcomes, thereby highlighting the importance of spatiotemporal mechanisms and regulation. Furthermore, FADD has emerged as a key regulator of inflammatory signaling, contributing to immune responses and cellular homeostasis. This review provides a comprehensive summary and analysis of the cellular dynamics of FADD in regulating programmed cell death and inflammation through distinct molecular mechanisms associated with various signaling pathways.