Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Potential Targets for Fluorescence-Guided Surgery in Pediatric Ewing Sarcoma: A Preclinical Proof-of-Concept Study

Simple Summary The only cure for children with Ewing sarcoma (ES) is surgery. Unfortunately, surgeons are often not able to differentiate healthy from malignant tissue. Fluorescent imaging during the operation will facilitate recognition of malignant cells, but unfortunately there are no ES specific tracers available yet. We searched for proteins on ES cells that could be used as a target against which specific tracers could be developed. The most promising proteins, CD99, CD117, and GD2, were found in paraffin-embedded tissue samples collected from ES patients. Tracers against CD99 and CD117, consisting of monoclonal antibodies attached with a fluorescent dye, showed positive signals on cultured ES cells. In a proof-of-concept study, these tracers were topically applied on fresh ES tissue, showing a signal in the tumor. Our results indicate the applicability for fluorescence-guided surgery of ES-based tracers, but these data have to be confirmed in a larger cohort of pediatric ES patients. Abstract Fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS), based on fluorescent tracers binding to tumor-specific biomarkers, could assist surgeons to achieve complete tumor resections. This study evaluated potential biomarkers for FGS in pediatric Ewing sarcoma (ES). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to assess CD99, CXCR4, CD117, NPY-R-Y1, and IGF-1R expression in ES biopsies and resection specimens. LINGO-1 and GD2 evaluation did not work on the acquired tissue. Based on the immunoreactive scores, anti-CD99 and anti-CD117 were evaluated for binding specificity using flow cytometry and immunofluorescence microscopy. Anti-GD2, a tracer in the developmental phase, was also tested. These three tracers were topically applied to a freshly resected ES tumor and adjacent healthy tissue. IHC demonstrated moderate/strong CD99 and CD117 expression in ES tumor samples, while adjacent healthy tissue had limited expression. Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence microscopy confirmed high CD99 expression, along with low/moderate CD117 and low GD2 expression, in ES cell lines. Topical anti-CD99 and anti-GD2 application on ES tumor showed fluorescence, while anti-CD117 did not show fluorescence for this patient. In conclusion, CD99-targeting tracers hold promise for FGS of ES. CD117 and GD2 tracers could be potential alternatives. The next step towards development of ES-specific FGS tracers could be ex vivo topical application experiments on a large cohort of ES patients.
Effects of Florfenicol on nirS-Type Denitrification Community Structure of Sediments in an Aquatic Microcosm Model

Florfenicol is one of the most widely used antibiotics in aquaculture and veterinary clinics because of its low side effects and strong bactericidal effect. A total of 45~60% of florfenicol is not absorbed by the animal body and accumulates in the aquatic environment through a variety of pathways, which affects denitrification. Indoor aquatic microcosm models were constructed and sediment samples were collected at different florfenicol concentrations (0.1, 1, 10, and 100 mg/L) on days 0, 7, 30, and 60 to extract the microbial genome DNA and determine the water properties. qPCR and amplicon sequencing were used to study the dynamic changes in the nirS gene and nirS-type denitrification community structure, diversity, and abundance, respectively. The results showed that high florfenicol stress influenced the sediment’s physicochemical properties, reducing conductivity, alkaline dissolved nitrogen, and organic matter content. In addition, the abundance of nirS, a functional denitrification gene, increased obviously with increased florfenicol concentrations but decreased the diversity of nirS-type denitrification microorganisms. Proteobacteria was the dominant denitrifying phylum in the sediment. Our study provides a scientific basis for the rational use of florfenicol in aquaculture to maintain a healthy and stable microecological environment and also provides a preliminary understanding of the response characteristics of water denitrifying microorganisms to florfenicol exposure.
Pengaruh pertumbuhan penjualan terhadap profitabilitas perusahaan farmasi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of sales growth on the profitability of pharmaceutical companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The data used was panel data consisting of time series data of 10 pharmaceutical companies listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2015-2021. The data was analyzed by using least squares analysis. The results show that there is a significant influence of sales growth on the profitability of pharmaceutical companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Therefore, pharmaceutical companies must pay attention to sales growth to increase their profitability. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh pertumbuhan penjualan terhadap profitabilitas perusahaan farmasi yang tercatat di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Data yang digunakan, yakni data panel terdiri dari data time series 10 perusahaan farmasi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia dari tahun 2015-2021. Data tersebut dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis least square. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh pertumbuhan penjualan terhadap profitabilitas perusahaan farmasi yang tercatat di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Oleh karena itu, perusahaan farmasi harus memperhatikan pertumbuhan penjualan produknya untuk meningkatkan profitabilitasnya.
Recent Studies and Progress in the Intratumoral Administration of Nano-Sized Drug Delivery Systems

Over the last 30 years, diverse types of nano-sized drug delivery systems (nanoDDSs) have been intensively explored for cancer therapy, exploiting their passive tumor targetability with an enhanced permeability and retention effect. However, their systemic administration has aroused some unavoidable complications, including insufficient tumor-targeting efficiency, side effects due to their undesirable biodistribution, and carrier-associated toxicity. In this review, the recent studies and advancements in intratumoral nanoDDS administration are generally summarized. After identifying the factors to be considered to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of intratumoral nanoDDS administration, the experimental results on the application of intratumoral nanoDDS administration to various types of cancer therapies are discussed. Subsequently, the reports on clinical studies of intratumoral nanoDDS administration are addressed in short. Intratumoral nanoDDS administration is proven with its versatility to enhance the tumor-specific accumulation and retention of therapeutic agents for various therapeutic modalities. Specifically, it can improve the efficacy of therapeutic agents with poor bioavailability by increasing their intratumoral concentration, while minimizing the side effect of highly toxic agents by restricting their delivery to normal tissues. Intratumoral administration of nanoDDS is considered to expand its application area due to its potent ability to improve therapeutic effects and relieve the systemic toxicities of nanoDDSs.
Occupational Health Hazards among Workers in Poultry Farms

Background: Poultry workers are exposed to a variety of occupational health hazards on a daily basis which invariably hamper their production and productivity over time. Aim of this study: Was to assess occupational health hazards among workers in poultry farms. Research design: A descriptive design was used to carry out this study. Setting: Conducted at Poultry Farms in Benha City in two districts (Kafr Mnaker and Manchiet Azez ) which included 9 farms. Sample: Convenience sample was chosen in the selected settings including 80 workers. Tools: Two tools were used to conduct this study , I): An interviewing questionnaire was used to assess; A) Socio-demographic characteristics of studied workers. B) Knowledge of studied workers about occupational health hazards. C) Reported practices of studied workers related to safety measures for occupational health hazards related to working in poultry farms. II): An observational checklist was used to assess the environment conditions at poultry farms. Results: 42.5% of studied workers aged from 30 to less than 40 years old. 17.5% of them had good total knowledge level and 26.3% of them had average total knowledge level, while 56.2% of them had poor total knowledge level regarding occupational health hazards in work environment. Also 41.3% of studied workers had satisfactory to total reported practice level and 58.7% of them had unsatisfactory total reported practice level regarding safety measures. Conclusion: There were statistically significant relations between total knowledge level of studied workers, marital status, level of education and monthly income, and there was highly statistically significant relation between total knowledge level of studied workers and their total reported practices level. Also, there were statistically significant correlation between total knowledge level, total reported practices level of studied workers and exposure to health hazards in work environment. Recommendations: Applying occupational health programs to increase knowledge and practices of poultry workers in order to ensure positive perception in poultry farms.
Exogenous Jasmonic Acid Alleviates Blast Resistance Reduction Caused by LOX3 Knockout in Rice

Lipoxygenase 3 (LOX3) is a lipid peroxidase found in rice embryos that is known to affect seed quality. Interestingly, deletion of the LOX3 gene has been shown to improve rice seed quality but decrease resistance to rice blast disease and drought. To investigate these opposing effects, we generated a LOX3 knockout construct (ΔLox3) in rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants. Blast resistance and transcription levels of rice genes in ΔLox3 rice plants and the effects of exogenous jasmonic acid (JA) on resistance and transcriptional levels of rice genes in Magnaporthe oryzae-infected ΔLox3 rice plants were further elucidated. The results showed that the ΔLox3 plants exhibited normal phenotypes, with high levels of methyl-linolenate and reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the genes involved in three Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways contributed to rice seed quality. M. oryzae-infected ΔLox3 plants exhibited serious blast symptoms with a reduced defense response but increased ROS-mediated cell death, and the genes involved in seven KEGG pathways contributed to rice seed quality. Exogenous JA treatment alleviated blast symptoms in infected ΔLox3 plants by hindering hyphal expansion, inhibiting ROS-mediated cell death, and increasing the defense response, and genes involved in 12 KEGG pathways contributed to rice seed quality. These findings demonstrate that LOX3 plays an important role in rice growth and defense, and its knockout improves rice quality at the expense of disease resistance. Exogenous JA provides a means to compensate for the reduction in defense responses of LOX3 knockout rice lines, suggesting potential applications in agricultural production.
Parasite Diversity in a Freshwater Ecosystem

Parasites are a significant component of biodiversity. They negatively affect fish appearance, growth, and reproduction. In this study, the prevalence of infection, diversity, and mean intensity of parasites were examined in 9 freshwater fish species (45 samples per fish species). Ecto-parasites were examined on the skin, gills, and fins with a hand lens. Wet mounts were prepared using mucosal scrapings from all the external and internal organs of the sampled fish. Microscopy, muscle compression, and the pepsin-HCL artificial digestion technique were also performed. In this study, 26 species of parasites were identified including three taxa belonging to 9 species of protozoan parasites, 11 treamtodes, and 6 monogenean parasites. The identified protozoan parasites were Entamoeba histolitica, Chilodonella sp. , Coccidia sp. , Costia sp. , Cryptobia sp. , Ichthyopthiris-multifilis, Microsporidia, Piscinoodinium sp. , and Ichthyobodo necator. The identified trematode parasites were Fasciola gigantica, Echinostoma revolutum, Fasciola hepatica, Haplorchis pumilio, Brachylaima cribbi, Echinostoma cinetorchis, Neascus sp. , Deropegus sp. , Trematode Soldier, Centrocestus formosanus, and Clinostomum marginatum. The identified monogenean parasites were Dactylogyrus limipopoensis, Dactylogyrus anchoratus, Dactylogyrus myersi, Dactylogyrus vastator, Gyrodactylus salaris, and Ancyrocephalus. The diversity of parasites was maximum at the Okara site. The host’s organs that were targeted for parasitic infection included the intestine, liver, gills, fins, skin, and kidneys. The majority of the parasites were identified in Labeo rohita followed by Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Ctenopharyngodon idella, Oreochromis niloticus, Cyprinus carpio, and Wallagu attu. Two species appeared to be resistant species because none of the parasites were observed in Notopterus notopterus or Sperata seenghala. This study also concluded that the prevalence of parasites increased with increasing length, size, and age of fish.
Research on image classification based on neural network VGG16

Based on PyTorch framework, this paper studies the network structure of classical convolutional neural network VGG16 and the process of input image changing in the network. Using VGG16 to train the small dataset CIFAR10 in various ways, it is found that using the Kaiming normal distribution to initialize the weight for training is far less effective than transfer learning (using the training weight of VGG16 on the ImageNet dataset as the initial value of the weight). The input image of VGG16 can be of any size, but after the image of CIFAR10 is resized to 224×224, the accuracy rate on the test set is improved by 6 percentage points.
Pharmacological Methods of Pain Management: Narrative Review of Medication Used

Background Pain management is a critical aspect of healthcare, aimed at alleviating discomfort and improving the quality of life for individuals experiencing acute or chronic pain. Pharmacological methods constitute a primary approach to pain management, including a diverse array of drugs that work through different mechanisms. Aim Identifying medications commonly employed in pain management, focusing on their mechanism of actions, uses, efficacy and pharmacological applications. Methods The methodology involved a systematic search of scientific literature using various databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Relevant articles published between 2000 and 2023 were screened for inclusion. The selected studies encompassed original research, review articles, therapeutic guidelines and randomized controlled trials. Results The findings of this review suggest that a multimodal approach combining various analgesics can enhance pain relief while minimizing adverse effects. It emphasizes the importance of assessing pain intensity, determining the underlying etiology, and utilizing evidence-based guidelines to optimize pain management outcomes. Conclusion Pharmacological methods of pain management are an essential component of pain management strategies to achieve optimal pain relief while minimizing adverse effects. The article concludes with a discussion on emerging trends and future directions in pharmacological pain management, including novel drug targets and advances in drug delivery systems.
GND-RI: A Normalized Difference Form More Suitable for Remote Sensing Applications

The normalized difference index (NDI) originates from NDVI, which has been widely used in remote sensing applications and to guide the development of NDI in other fields due to its excellent performance; however, injective mapping from the original bands to NDI leads to information loss in land cover classification. When NDI is represented as a simple form, it is, furthermore, prone to premature saturation in specific change detection and variable inversion tasks. In this study, we first propose the radius index (RI), a new index to represent illumination variations by using the missing band information from NDI. Based on RI, we develop a generalized NDI (GND) by adding four positive scaling coefficients to NDI foundation, and the value range and sensitivity of GND are adjusted by these four coefficients, which are derived from the statistical information of the study area. The derivation of these four coefficients is, moreover, reversible, making it possible to interpret the applicable range of the derived set of coefficients. Our experiments demonstrate that: 1) GND is more effective in terms of improving saturation than the traditional indices and 2) mapping the original bands to GND-RI (GND combined with RI) can guide classifiers to learn more generalized features based on spectral information and thus achieve higher classification accuracy both in machine learning and the latest deep learning semantic segmentation models. The data and code for the article can be found at https://github.com/Zoulinx/GND.
Awareness of chronic kidney disease and its risk factors in the former Soviet Union countries

Purpose: Assessment of public knowledge of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an essential step in development of CKD prevention and screening programs. Our aim was to estimate the level of public CKD knowledge and its predictors in the former Soviet Union countries using a validated questionnaire. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted in 10 countries using an adapted validated online questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used to describe participants’ characteristics and assess public CKD knowledge level. A multiple linear regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of CKD knowledge. Results: 2,715 participants satisfied the inclusion criteria. Respondents having higher level of education, living in countries belonging to the lower middle-income countries, having a personal history of diabetes and hypertension, and having a family history of kidney disease showed significantly better CKD knowledge. Conclusions: The level of CKD knowledge among the population of post-Soviet states was found to be low, although some personal characteristics were associated with better CKD knowledge.
On Divisors, Congruences, and Symmetric Powers of Modular Forms

This thesis contains research articles on various topics in the theory of modular forms. First we investigate divisors of meromorphic modular forms of higher level using polar harmonic Maass forms of weight 2. We continue by relating these Maass forms to modular forms associated to imaginary quadratic fields. We show that the Fourier coefficients of these functions are given by traces of singular moduli and compute their regularized inner products. After that we investigate p-adic properties of the Fourier coefficients of generalized eta-quotients. In particular, we show that these coefficients cannot satisfy any linear congruences whose residues do not fulfill certain quadratic equations. Finally we construct polynomials for motivic L-functions that generalize the well-known period polynomials for Hecke eigenforms. We show that these polynomials have almost all of their zeros on the complex unit circle and that the zeros tend to be equidistributed as the level or the weight of the motive are sufficiently large.
Participação de Crianças com Desenvolvimento Típico e Com Transtornos do Espectro Autista em Situações de Brincadeiras na Educação Infantil,

RESUMO: O brincar infantil é reconhecido como ocupação que favorece o desenvolvimento e a autonomia das crianças. Estudos realizados com crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) evidenciaram comprometimentos na participação no brincar. Este estudo objetivou descrever a participação de crianças com desenvolvimento típico e com TEA em situações de brincadeiras no contexto da Educação Infantil. Tratou-se de um estudo de abordagem qualitativa do tipo exploratória e descritiva que empregou a observação do comportamento do brincar na escola como instrumento de coleta de dados. Participaram da pesquisa seis crianças entre 4 e 5 anos, sendo três com desenvolvimento típico e três diagnosticadas com TEA. Embora o estudo não tenha tido a intenção de estabelecer comparações, os principais resultados apontaram diferenças entre os dois grupos. Crianças com TEA evidenciaram desenvolvimento do comportamento lúdico não condizente com a idade e um brincar concreto e com interação social ausente ou rudimentar. Esses resultados apontam para reflexões no contexto da Terapia Ocupacional para o desenvolvimento de estratégias que visem a participação das crianças na Educação Infantil, indicando a necessidade de promoção de oportunidades mediadas e/ou com brinquedos adaptados de acordo com os interesses das crianças com TEA.
Electrostatic analyzer design for solar wind proton measurements with high temporal, energy, and angular resolutions

We present the design study of an electrostatic analyzer that permits combined high temporal, energy, and angular resolution measurements of solar wind ions. The requirements for high temporal, energy, and angular resolutions, combined with the need for sufficient counting statistics, lead to an electrostatic analyzer with large radius (140 mm) and large geometric factor. The resulting high count rates require the use of channel electron multipliers (CEMs), instead of microchannel plates, to avoid saturation. The large radius further permits the placement of 32 CEM detectors at the analyzer focal plane, thereby providing very high angular resolution in azimuth (1.5°). Electrostatic simulations were performed to define the analyzer geometric factor, energy resolution, analyzer constant (K), elevation response, etc. Simulations were also performed to define the geometry of the deflectors and collimator that are used to provide the proper energy resolution, field of view, and angular resolution (1.5°) in elevation as well (the total field of view of the design is ±24° × ±24°). We show how this design permits unprecedented measurements of the fine structure of the solar wind proton beam and other important features such as temperature anisotropy. This design is used for the Cold Solar Wind instrument of the medium‐class Turbulent Heating ObserveR mission, currently in phase A at the European Space Agency. These unprecedented measurement capabilities are in accordance with and even beyond the requirements of the mission.
Revising Boolean Logical Models of Biological Regulatory Networks

Boolean regulatory networks are used to represent complex biological processes, modelling the interactions of biological compounds, such as proteins or genes, with each other and with other substances in a cell. Creating and maintaining computational models of these networks is crucial for comprehending corresponding cellular processes, as they allow reproducing known behaviours and testing new hypotheses and predictions in silico. In this context, model revision focuses on validating and (if necessary) repairing existing models based on new experimental data. However, model revision is commonly performed manually, which is inefficient and prone to error, and the few existing automated solutions either only apply to simpler networks or are limited in their revision process, since they may not be able to produce a solution within a reasonable time frame or miss the optimal solution. In this paper, we develop a solution for revising logical models of Boolean regulatory networks, able to find repairs that are consistent with provided, possibly incomplete experimental data, and minimal w.r. t. the differences to the original network. We show that our solution can be used to revise different real-world Boolean logical models very efficiently, surpassing a previous solution in terms of solved instances and with a considerable margin w.r. t. processing time.