Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multirate Haptic Rendering Using Local Stiffness Matrix for Stable and Transparent Simulation Involving Interaction With Deformable Objects

Simulation involving interaction with deformable objects often causes stability problems because a slowly updated force generates additional energy to the human user. This paper proposes a stable and transparent haptic rendering for simulation involving interaction between a rigid tool and deformable objects. This method computes visual and haptic feedback in the simulation and haptic feedback loops, respectively. A local stiffness matrix consisting of points around contact points is constructed based on collision detection between a virtual tool and a deformable object in the simulation loop. The haptic feedback is then computed at a higher update rate in the haptic feedback loop using the local stiffness matrix. Equivalent springs computed by using the equivalent stiffness energy are added to the boundary of the local stiffness matrix to minimize errors in the rendered force. The proposed method is compared with the virtual coupling widely used in simulation involving interaction with deformable objects. The proposed method reduces the x-, y-, and z-axis maximum force errors by up to 52%, 80%, and 70%, respectively, compared to the virtual coupling in the simulation involving interaction with the Stanford bunny object consisting of 2087 points and 9997 tetrahedrons.
A 79GHz Adaptive Gain Low Noise Amplifier for Radar Receivers

This paper presents an Adaptive Gain 79GHz Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) suitable for Radars applications. The circuit schematic is a two stage LNA consists of Differential cascode configuration followed by a simple common source amplifier with an Adaptive Biasing (ADB) circuit. Adaptive biasing is a threestage common source amplifier to decrease output voltage as input power increases. The circuit is simulated in 180nm CMOS technology and the simulation results have proved that the circuit operates at the center frequency 79GHz with adaptive biasing for adaptive gain. The gain analysis shows a decrease of 35-30dB with an increase in input power -50 to 0 dB. At 79GHz the circuit has achieved the input reflection coefficient (S11) of -24.7dB, reverse isolation (S12) of -3 dB, forward transmission coefficient (S21) of -2.97dB and output reflection coefficient (S22) of -5.62 dB with the reduced noise figure of 0.9 dB and a power consumption of 236 mW.
Six-Step Mode Control of IPMSM for Railway Vehicle Traction Eliminating the DC Offset in Input Current

In the six-step mode control of the interior permanent-magnet machine (IPMSM), inequality of the positive half-cycle length and the negative half-cycle length will bring about dc offset in the three-phase input current. This paper proposes a six-step mode control scheme of IPMSM for railway vehicle traction to eliminate the dc offset in input current. An approximately continuous rotor position signal is reconstructed in the field-programmable gate array chip. This position signal is used to generate the square drive signal for IPMSM in the flux-weaken region. Rotor position signal error of the resolver will also cause dc offset in the three-phase input current. A novel scheme using phase-locked loop to decrease the rotor position signal error is proposed. And using this scheme, the dc offset is eliminated from the three-phase input current. A seamless transition scheme from six-step mode control to space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) mode is proposed. The effectiveness of this six-step mode control scheme is proved by the experimental results.
Sliding mode control of the automobile electro-coating conveying mechanism with a nonlinear disturbance observer

The trajectory-tracking performance of the automobile electro-coating conveying mechanism is severely interrupted by highly nonlinear crossing couplings, unmodeled dynamics, parameter variation, friction, and unknown external disturbance. In this article, a sliding mode control with a nonlinear disturbance observer is proposed for high-accuracy motion control of the conveying mechanism. The nonlinear disturbance observer is designed to estimate not only the internal/external disturbance but also the model uncertainties. Based on the output of the nonlinear disturbance observer, a sliding mode control approach is designed for the hybrid series–parallel mechanism. Then, the stability of the closed-loop system is proved by means of a Lyapunov analysis. Finally, simulations with typical desired trajectory are presented to demonstrate the high performance of the proposed composite control scheme.
Taxation and Bond Market Equilibrium in a World of Uncertain Future Interest Rates: Reply

Models of security markets invariably assume that market participants act intelligently since any other assumption generally leads to absurd results. Schaefer's Comment makes the incorrect assumption that one market participant, namely the government, acts unintelligently by allowing investors to reap tax arbitrage profits. Consequently, the conclusions in the Comment are erroneous. As I will show below, a government can (and the U.S. Government does) prevent tax arbitrage and any resulting disequilibrium in the bond market through two simple tax rules. My earlier paper [1] primarily showed that bond price must be a linear function of coupon for any maturity under the assumption of constant tax brackets for all investors, and then suggested that a linear relationship will also hold with investors in different tax brackets. I will prove this last result below.
An Innovative Approach for Data Collection and Handling to Enable Advancements in Micro Air Vehicle Persistent Surveillance

An Innovative Approach for Data Collection and Handling to Enable Advancements in Micro Air Vehicle Persistent Surveillance. (August 2009) Ryan David Goodnight, B.S., Texas A&M University Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Helen Reed The success of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) in the Iraq and Afghanistan conflicts has led to increased interest in further digitalization of the United States armed forces. Although unmanned systems have been a tool of the military for several decades, only recently have advances in the field of Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) technology made it possible to develop systems capable of being transported by an individual soldier. These miniature unmanned systems, more commonly referred to as micro air vehicles (MAV), are envisioned by the Department of Defense as being an integral part of maintaining America’s military superiority. As researchers continue to make advances in the miniaturization of flight hardware, a new problem with regard to MAV field operations is beginning to present itself. To date, little work has been done to determine an effective means of collecting, analyzing, and handling information that can satisfy the goal of using MAVs as tools for persistent surveillance. Current systems, which focus on the transmission of analog video streams, have been very successful on larger UAVs such as the RQ-11 Raven but have proven to be very demanding of the operator. By implementing a new and
A NEW FUZZY UNIT COMMITMENT MODEL AND SOLUTION

This paper presents a new fuzzy unit commitment problem (UCP) model. The model treats the uncertainties in the load demand and the spinning reserve constraints in a fuzzy logic (FL) frame. The simulated annealing (SA) method is used to solve the combinatorial part of the unit commitment problem, while the nonlinear part of the problem is solved via a quadratic programming routine. A polynomial time cooling schedule is used in the implementation of the SA algorithm. Numerical results show the superiority of the solutions obtained compared to methods with traditional UCP models. The implementation of the SA part in the proposed algorithm is based on a polynomial-time cooling schedule, which uses statistics calculation during the search. In the FL implementation, different membership functions for input and output variables are used to determine the penalty factors that are added to the objective function to guide the search in the SA algorithm.
Recording Execution Traces through Java Bytecode Programs

Dynamic analysis is a valuable tool to understand the behaviour of a program when executed. The focus of the project was execution tracing, a common method used for dynamic analysis. The implemented tracing tool presented in this report instruments a compiled Java bytecode program by inserting logging statements using the Soot framework. When running the instrumented program, execution traces are produced recording the method names, arguments and return values of method invocations. The feasibility of the tracing tool was shown by tracing the tests of four real Java libraries, Joda-Time, JFreeChart, Commons-Lang and Commons-Math. The overhead introduced by the instrumentation was large and depended on the size of the produced traces. The usefulness of the traces was evaluated by tracing tests and using these traces in an existing classiﬁer tackling the test oracle problem. The performance of the classiﬁer was poor for all but one test program, but the usefulness experiment was successful in showing that the traces could be applied in an existing setting. A small usability study showed that the volunteers were happy with the features but the tool could be easier to use.
SiC converter for electrical vehicle - DC-link ripple

The increased focus towards electrification of the transportation sector increases the need for smaller, lighter, cheaper and more efficient inverters for use in drivetrains. In most of these inverters, the DC-link capacitor makes up a large portion of the total inverter volume and weight. It is therefore interesting to analyze the DC-link current and voltage ripple which is one of the major dimensioning factors of the DC-link capacitor. Throughout this thesis, simulations of the DC-link ripple are performed to evaluate how well the actual ripple can be predicted for a PMSM-drivetrain. In addition to this, an investigation of the impact of switching from Si-IGBTs to SiC-MOSFETs is performed. To accomplish this and to evaluate the simulation model, the simulation model was compared to both theoretical calculations as well as with actual measurements on a drivetrain. By comparing simulation results with actual measurements on a drivetrain, it was showed that the fundamental components of the DC-link current ripple can be simulated with 5 % accuracy for the evaluated operating points. This proves that system-level transistor models produce a good result in relation to their complexity. However, the simulated DC-link voltage was not as accurate. This can be derived to the DC-link capacitor model which did not accurately enough reproduce the transfer function from the injected inverter current to the voltage ripple on the DC-link. It was also shown that the impact on ripple was negligible when using SiC-MOSFETs as opposed to the original Si-IGBT if all other parameters were kept constant. SiC-MOSFET was shown to have advantages over Si-IGBT in that the switching frequency could be increased, as well as increased efficiency. The efficiency could especially be increased when using reverse conduction which showed no impact on overall ripple levels. By having a simulation model that can accurately reproduce the DC-link ripple, better dimensioning of the DC-link capacitor and other converters attached to the DC-link can be performed. Also, parameter optimization for ripple minimization can help to reduce cost, size, weight and materials used in inverters for EV/HEV applications. Keywords: SiC,
LSU Digital Commons LSU Digital Commons Effects of warming end of lay broiler breeder eggs during the Effects of warming end of lay broiler breeder eggs during the storage period on hatchability storage period on hatchability

Due to necessary storage of hatching eggs in commercial hatcheries, the embryo is being regressed. End of lay broiler breeder eggs have the poorest hatchability and are most affected by pre incubation storage. Warming these eggs is the only way the embryo can develop. The objective of this study was to study the effects of daily warming of end of lay broiler breeder hatching eggs during the storage period on embryo mortality and hatchability. Six trials were conducted, three trials warmed for three of the four day storage period and three trials warmed for five of the six days storage period. There were six warming treatments for each trial; 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 minutes daily. All eggs were from Hubbard Classic broiler breeders 50-58 weeks of age. Hatch time was recorded for trials three and six. Two hundred and eighty eight randomly selected males were used in trial five to study the effects of daily warming on chick growth. They were fed a starter broiler diet and grown for 13 days in a Petersime starter battery. In all hatchability trials percent fertility, percent fertile hatchability, percent total hatchability, percent early dead, percent mid-dead, percent late dead, percent pips, and percent total embryonic mortality was not affected (P>0.05) by any of the daily warming treatments. Hatch time and chick growth were not affected by any of the daily warming treatments. Eggs could be warmed for as much as 150 minutes daily during storage without affecting hatchability which contradicts to management procedures. These results suggest that it is unnecessary for refrigerated trucks to transport eggs from the farm to the hatchery. This study was conducted to determine the effects of daily warming for 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 minutes during each day of storage on percentage fertile hatchability, percentage total hatchability, embryonic mortality, and pips of eggs from post peak Hubbard Classic broiler breeders. This study used two different storage periods--four and six days. This study was also conducted to determine the effect of daily warming for 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 minutes for five of the six day storage period on initial weight, final weight, average daily gain, and gain to feed ratio of chicks from post peak Hubbard Classic broiler breeders.
Deterministic Concurrency Control For Private Blockchains

1 PROBLEM AND MOTIVATION Private blockchain has gained popularity in inter-organization business processing (e.g., supply chain management [15] and crossborder payment [9]). It allows mutually untrusted parties to share data and mutate data in an endorsed manner. A typical private blockchain is composed of a consensus layer pipelined with an execution layer, where the organizations agree on the blocks of transactions using the consensus layer and the transaction blocks are then passed to each organization’s executor for execution. To ensure the organizations share an identical view of data, one core requirement of the executor is determinism, i.e., given the same transaction blocks and the same initial state, the executors must produce an identical new state. While the consensus layer was regarded to be the major bottleneck of the blockchains, the relaxed requirement in the interorganization setting (e.g., static membership, stable network connection) enables recent optimizations [3, 10, 23] to achieve astonishingly good performance, which in turn shifts the bottleneck to the execution layer [1, 20]. However, even the latest research in private blockchain offers unsatisfactory throughput in the execution layer due to the requirement of determinism. That’s because determinism limits the parallelism of execution since parallel execution often results in non-deterministic execution order. Therefore, recent works cannot execute transactions with full concurrency [1, 14, 18–20]. In this paper, we present Harmony, a deterministic concurrency control algorithm that is highly concurrent and yields 2.0 × to 3.5 × better throughput over the state-of-the-art competitors. Harmony is built on the shoulder of the latest deterministic databases [7, 8, 12, 21] that optimize concurrency control while upholding determinism. Based on that, Harmony incorporates inter-block parallelism and judicious abort which is crucial for performance in blockchain setting.
Stochastically modulated inter-pulse intervals to increase the efficiency of functional electrical stimulation cycling

Introduction Functional electrical stimulation cycling has various health benefits, but the mechanical power output and efficiency are very low compared to volitional muscle activation. Stimulation with variable frequency showed significantly higher power output values in experiments with a knee dynamometer. The aim of the present work was to compare stochastic modulation of inter-pulse interval to constant inter-pulse interval stimulation during functional electrical stimulation cycling. Methods Seventeen able-bodied subjects participated (n = 17). Quadriceps and hamstring muscle groups were stimulated with two activation patterns: P1-constant frequency, P2-stochastic inter-pulse interval. Power output was measured on functional electrical stimulation ergometer. Results Overall, mean power output with the stochastically modulated pattern P2 was lower than with P1 (12.57 ± 3.74 W vs. 11.44 ± 3.81 W, P1 vs. P2, p = 0.022), but no significant differences during the first 30 s and the last 30 s were observed. Conclusions This study showed that stimulation strategies that use randomized modulation of inter-pulse intervals can negatively affect power output generation during functional electrical stimulation cycling. To minimise voluntary contractions, power measurement and assessment should be focused on the periods where only the quadriceps are stimulated.
Research on Strategies and Methods Suppressing Permanent Magnet Demagnetization in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors Based on a Multi-Physical Field and Rotor Multi-Topology Structure

In this paper, a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) with sleeves on the rotor outer surface is investigated. The purpose of sleeves is to fix the permanent magnets and protect them from being destroyed by the large centrifugal force. However, the sleeve material characteristics have a great influence on the PMSM, and therewith, most of the rotor eddy-current losses are generated in the rotor sleeve, which could increase the device temperature and even cause thermal demagnetization of the magnets. Thus, a sleeve scheme design with low eddy-current losses is necessary, and a method suppressing the local temperature peak of permanent magnets is presented. The 3-D electromagnetic finite element model of a 12.5 kW, 2000 r/min PMSM with a segmented sleeve is established, and the electromagnetic field is calculated by using the finite element method. The results show the effectiveness of the presented method in reducing the eddy current losses in the rotor. Using the thermal method, it can be found that the maximum temperature position and zone of permanent magnet will change. Thus, some strategies are comparatively analyzed in order to obtain the change rule of the position and zone. The obtained conclusions may provide a useful reference for the design and research of PMSMs.
Understanding the Rise of Artificial Intelligence. Introduction

Improvements and convergences in machine learning and neurosciences combined with the availability of massive datasets and the ubiquity of high-performance scalable computing are propelling us into a new age of Artificial Intelligence (AI). The promise these developments hold is immense; so too are the risks and challenges. Most experts qualify the rise of AI as an industrial revolution at par with the three previous industrial revolutions of steam, then oil and electricity, and then compute.
First-order functional languages and intensional logic

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that first-order functional programs can be transformed into intensional programs of nullary variables, in a semantics preserving way. On the foundational side, the goal of our study is to bring new insights and a better understanding of the nature of functional languages. From a practical point of view, our investigation provides a formal basis for the tagging mechanism that is used in the implementation of first-order functional languages on dataflow machines.
Papers and Proceedings of the Second Annual Meeting of the Western Finance Association

Investments Analysis Chairman: Albert Dehner, Portland State An Empirical Study of Some Models of Equity Valuation W. Mic hael Keenan University of California, Berkeley This paper is a part of a larger methodological study of some existing models of equity valuation. The basic conjecture of the study is that current models of equity valuation will fail to meet reasonable statistical tests of reliability, hence any discussion of the implications of parameter estimates tends to be spurious. Specifically, (a) the estimated parameters of the models will not be consistently significant, (b) the parameters will not exhibit reasonable stability in different cross-section samples, and (c) the parameters will not exhibit stability for the same sample over time. Models selected for testing included formulations suggested by Durand (3), Modigliani-Miller (6), Barges (l), Benishay (2), and Gordon (4). These are five of the more widely known academic models that address themselves to various issues in the general area of equity valuation. The data used in the tests are firm financial statistics for four sample groups for the four years 1956-1959The sample groups included both industry-type "risk class" samples and a multi-industry sample. The four years selected include difTerent years in a significant stock market cycle. The sixteen basic regressions and subsequent pooled regressions computed frora these data thus make up a tableau of estimated coefficients across groups and across years that provides more extensive results for each model than has heretofore been available. The Durand model attempted to assess the relative impact of per share net income, dividends, and net worth on equity share prices. The net income and dividends coefficients were usually significantly different from zero but were highly unstable. Analysis of covarlance tests indicated that the regression estimates from the various samples could not be regarded as coming from the same underlying population on either an across-groups or an across-years basis. Subsequent tests also indicated that the relative magnitude of the earnings coefficient vas a function of the smoothing process employed on earnings, but the substitution of smoothed earnings did not increase real parameter stability. The Modigliani-Miller and Barges models in the specification tested hypothesize a relationship between measured rate of return on equity and firm capital structure. The debt-equity coefficients for both models were significant about half the time, but contrary to the authors' inferences the "purity" of the industry class had no obvious impact on the coefficients. The Benishay model is also a rate of