Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Taxonomy-Based Risk Identification

Abstract : This report describes a method for facilitating the systematic and repeatable identification of risks associated with the development of a software-dependent project. This method, derived from published literature and previous experience in developing software, was tested in active government- funded defense and civilian software development projects for both its usefulness and for improving the method itself. Results of the field tests encouraged the claim that the described method is useful, usable, and efficient. The report concludes with some macro-level lessons learned from the field tests and brief overview of future work in establishing risk management on a firm footing in software development projects.
A high speed direct digital frequency synthesizer realized by a segmented nonlinear DAC

This paper presents a high speed ROM-less direct digital frequency synthesizer (DDFS) which has a phase resolution of 32 bits and a magnitude resolution of 10 bits. A 10-bit nonlinear segmented DAC is used in place of the ROM look-up table for phase-to-sine amplitude conversion and the linear DAC in a conventional DDFS. The design procedure for implementing the nonlinear DAC is presented. To ensure high speed, current mode logic (CML) is used. The chip is implemented in Chartered 0.35 μm COMS technology with active area of 2.0 × 2.5 mm2 and total power consumption of 400 mW at a single 3.3 V supply voltage. The maximum operating frequency is 850 MHz at room temperature and 1.0 GHz at 0 °C.
HIF-1α associated logistic regression model serves for predicting decompensation of hepatitis B cirrhosis

Background HIF-1α is relevant to inflammation and fibrosis in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related liver diseases. Thus, we designed a predictive model for decompensated cirrhosis. Methods Peripheral plasma HIF-1α levels were measured in 52 subjects, including 20 patients with HBV-related-compensated-cirrhosis (HBV-CC), 20 patients with HBV-related-decompensated-cirrhosis (HBV-DC) that underwent transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS), and 12 healthy controls (HC). Portal plasma HIF-1α levels were detected in HBV-DC patients. The correlation between clinical data and HIF-1α levels was assessed, logistic regression and nomogram were used to develop prediction model. Results Plasma HIF-1α levels were significantly higher in HBV-DC patients than that in HBV-CC patients and healthy controls (DC: 656.34±417.96, CC: 294.23±138.03, HC: 194.63±54.14, pg/ml; P = 0.0004). Plasma HIF-1α levels were positively correlated with total bile acid, total bilirubin, APRI, FIB-4, and MELD scores, and negatively correlated with albumin and platelets. Multivariate logistic regression manifested that total bilirubin (OR = 19.439; 95% CI: 1.486–254.320, P = 0.024), spleen thickness (OR = 75.144; 95% CI: 4.157–1358.440, P = 0.003) and HIF-1α concentrations above 341.78 pg/ml (OR = 23.580; 95% CI: 1.842–301.781, P = 0.015) were markedly associated with HBV-DC and thus included in the nomogram. The terrific cut-off value for the probability of HBV-DC was > 45%, and area under the curve was 0.954 (P < 0.001), with 95% sensitivity and specificity. Conclusions HIF-1α is related to biochemical liver parameters, cirrhosis grade, and progression to HBV-DC. Our model has preferable predictive value for HBV-DC.
A NEW METHOD TO EVALUATE MEAN LIFE OF POWER SYSTEM EQUIPMENT

Traditional statistical reliability analysis relies on failure data for a population of devices. If a complete data set is available (i.e., failure ages are known for each device within the population), statistical reliability analysis can provide predictions, such as mean-time-to-failure for a particular device, percentages of devices that will fail at a particular time or before a particular age, a statistical distribution of failure ages, and other statistical measures of device failures. However, a typical population includes devices that have not yet failed, termed “suspensions”. In reliability analysis, such populations are often denoted as “right censored populations”. In this paper, we propose a new method to evaluate mean life of power system equipment with limited end-of-life failure data. The method is based on the generalized exponential distribution. This method can be used as an alternative to methods based on normal and Weibull distribution models.
Robot Indoor Navigation Method Based on 2D Barcode Landmark

A method for robot indoor navigation based on two-dimensional (2D) barcode landmark is proposed. The scheme constructed on the 2D barcode principle is convenient to operate and easy to recognize landmarks and the barcode have coordinates for their positions and some ability to automatically correct errors. Landmarks are placed over the “ceiling” and photographed by a camera on the robot with its optical axis vertical to the ceiling. Through image segmentation, contour extracting, characteristic curves matching and landmark features identifying, the landmark is located, followed by analyzing the pieces of information about coordinates of the landmark and the deflective angle, with which to compute the robot’s current absolute position and heading angle. This scheme has experimentally demonstrated its effectiveness for robot indoor navigation.
Trends in the Number of Behavioural Theory-Based Healthy Eating Interventions Inclusive of Dietitians/Nutritionists in 2000–2020

Nutrition interventions developed using behaviour theory may be more effective than those without theoretical underpinnings. This study aimed to document the number of theory-based healthy eating interventions, the involvement of dietitians/nutritionists and the behaviour theories employed from 2000 to 2020. We conducted a review of publications related to healthy eating interventions that used behaviour change theories. Interventional studies published in English between 2000 and 2020 were retrieved from searching Medline, Cinahl, Embase, Psycinfo and Cochrane Central. Citation, country of origin, presence or absence of dietitian/nutritionist authors, participants, dietary behaviours, outcomes, theories and any behaviour change techniques (BCTs) stated were extracted. The publication trends on a yearly basis were recorded. A total of 266 articles were included. The number of theory-based interventions increased over the two decades. The number of studies conducted by dietitians/nutritionists increased, but since 2012, increases have been driven by other researchers. Social cognitive theory was the most used behaviour theory. Dietitians/nutritionists contributed to growth in publication of theory-based healthy eating interventions, but the proportion of researchers from other professions engaged in this field increased markedly. The reasons for this growth in publications from other professions is unknown but conjectured to result from greater prominence of dietary behaviours within the context of an obesity epidemic.
Parametric studies of the thermal performance of back-to-back tape ball grid array (TBGA) packages

This paper deals with parametric studies to evaluate the thermal performance of Tape Ball Grid Array (TBGA) packages mounted in back-to-back configurations onto organic printed circuit boards. A cover plate is attached to the back side of the chips to enhance heat transfer from the module. The assembled organic carrier is placed in a vertical channel. A conjugate heat transfer model is used which accounts for conduction in the packages and the card and convection in the surrounding air. The effect of location of the modules on a card with 0, 1 and 2 power planes is evaluated for thermal performance. Four different configurations of the TBGA modules on the card are investigated. Heat dissipation is studied for forced convection (2, 1, and 0.5m/s). The best performance resulted when the modules were placed at an offset. The bottom of the card is very useful for heat dissipation and blocking that heat transfer path by placing another TBGA on the back side is counter productive.
An estimation of displacement limits for ductile systems

To enable acceptable seismic displacement demands to be specified, the displacement capacity of a structural system needs to be known. This is controlled by selected performance criteria. It is postulated that the assignment of fractions of the required strength of the system to its components may be arbitrary. This then enables the displacement capacity of buildings to be evaluated without the knowledge of its seismic strength. A redefinition of some traditionally used structural properties is a prerequisite to applications. The study of a reinforced concrete wall–frame dual system illustrates rationale and extreme simplicity of application. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
How do king penguins (Aptenodytes patagonicus apply the mathematical theory of information to communicate in windy conditions?

In the king penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus), both pair members alternate in incubating and rearing their chick. Mates can recognize each other among thousands of other birds in the hubbub of the colony using only acoustic signalling: the display call. Large penguin colonies are found on sub–Antarctic islands where strong winds blow throughout the year. We have shown by experiments under natural conditions that the level of background noise increases in windy conditions and thus leads to a diminution of the signal–to–noise ratio. Moreover the emergence level of the signal revealed by entropy calculation is statistically weaker in windy conditions. To achieve breeding success, birds must continue communicating in spite of the significant decrease in the total amount of information that can be transmitted in windy situations. For the first time, to our knowledge, we have shown that a bird species takes into account the constraints imposed by wind on their acoustic communication. In windy conditions, birds try to maintain the efficiency of communication by increasing both the number of calls emitted and the number of syllables per call. This result conforms with predictions from the mathematical theory of communication: increased redundancy in a signal improves the probability of receiving a message in a noisy channel.
MMIC development for millimeter-wave space application

The latest millimeter-wave monolithic-microwave integrated-circuit (MMIC) developments and technologies at the Mitsubishi Electric Corporation, Kanagawa, Japan, concerning high power amplifiers, low-noise amplifiers and phase shifters have been summarized. It has been shown that high-efficiency, low-noise, and low-loss performance for millimeter-wave space applications can be achieved by employing pseudomorphic high electron-mobility transistor (p-HEMT) MMIC technology. The investigation for gamma-ray irradiation hardness has cleared that millimeter wave p-HEMT MMICs have over a 100 years of life against gamma-ray irradiation in the space environment.
Genetic Polymorphisms Affecting Ranibizumab Response in High Myopia Patients

High myopia is an ophthalmic pathology that affects half of the young adults in the United States and Europe and it is predicted that a third of the world’s population could be nearsighted at the end of this decade. It is characterized by at least 6 diopters or axial length > 26 mm and, choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in 5 to 11% of cases. Ranibizumab is a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody fragment. It is an anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) drug used in the treatment of CNV. Many genetic polymorphisms have been associated with interindividual differences in the response to ranibizumab, but these associations were not yet assessed among patients with high myopia and CNV. We performed a retrospective study assessing the association of genetic polymorphisms with response to ranibizumab in patients with CNV secondary to high myopia (mCNV). We included genetic polymorphisms previously associated with the response to drugs used in CNV patients (bevacizumab, ranibizumab, aflibercept, and photodynamic therapy (PDT)). We also included genetic variants in the VEGFA gene. Based on our results, ARMS2 (rs10490924) and CFH (rs1061170) are associated with response to ranibizumab in high myopia patients; and, included VEGFA genetic polymorphisms are not associated with ranibizumab response in our population but might be related to a higher risk of CNV.
Space vector PWM control of dual three phase induction machine using vector space decomposition

The technique of vector space decomposition control of voltage source inverter fed dual three phase induction machines is presented in this paper. By vector space decomposition, the analysis and control of the machine are accomplished in three two-dimensional orthogonal subspaces and the dynamics of the electromechanical and nonelectromechanical energy conversion related machine variables are thereby totally decoupled. A space vector PWM technique is also developed based on the vector space decomposition to limit the fifth, and seventh harmonic currents which in such a system would be otherwise difficult to control. The techniques developed in this paper can be generalized for the control of an induction machine with an arbitrary number of phases. <<ETX>>
Cyber-Physical Systems and Smart Cities in India: Opportunities, Issues, and Challenges

A large section of the population around the globe is migrating towards urban settlements. Nations are working toward smart city projects to provide a better wellbeing for the inhabitants. Cyber-physical systems are at the core of the smart city setups. They are used in almost every system component within a smart city ecosystem. This paper attempts to discuss the key components and issues involved in transforming conventional cities into smart cities with a special focus on cyber-physical systems in the Indian context. The paper primarily focuses on the infrastructural facilities and technical knowhow to smartly convert classical cities that were built haphazardly due to overpopulation and ill planning into smart cities. It further discusses cyber-physical systems as a core component of smart city setups, highlighting the related security issues. The opportunities for businesses, governments, inhabitants, and other stakeholders in a smart city ecosystem in the Indian context are also discussed. Finally, it highlights the issues and challenges concerning technical, financial, and other social and infrastructural bottlenecks in the way of realizing smart city concepts along with future research directions.
Semi-empirical neural network modeling of metal-organic chemical vapor deposition

Metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) is an important technique for growing thin films with various applications in electronics and optics. The development of accurate and efficient MOCVD process models is therefore desirable, since such models ran be instrumental in improving process control in a manufacturing environment. This paper presents a semi-empirical MOCVD model based on "hybrid" neural networks. The model is constructed by characterizing the MOCVD of titanium dioxide (TiO/sub 2/) films through the measurement of deposition rate over a range of deposition conditions by a statistically designed experiment in which susceptor and source temperature, flow rate of the carrier gas for the precursor and chamber pressure are varied. A modified backpropagation neural network is then trained on the experimental data to determine the value of the adjustable parameters in an analytical expression for the TiO/sub 2/ deposition rate. In so doing, a general purpose methodology for deriving semi-empirical neural process models which take into account prior knowledge of the underlying process physics is developed.
DO POOR ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS DRIVE TRACHOMA TRANSMISSION IN BURUNDI? A MATHEMATICAL MODELLING STUDY

Abstract Trachoma is an infectious disease and it is the leading cause of preventable blindness worldwide. To achieve its elimination, the World Health Organization set a goal of reducing the prevalence in endemic areas to less than $5$ % by 2020, utilizing the SAFE (surgery, antibiotics, facial cleanliness, environmental improvement) strategy. However, in Burundi, trachoma prevalences of greater than $5$ % are still reported in 11 districts and it is hypothesized that this is due to the poor implementation of the environmental improvement factor of the SAFE strategy. In this paper, a model based on an ordinary differential equation, which includes an environmental transmission component, is developed and analysed. The model is calibrated to recent field data and is used to estimate the reductions in trachoma that would have occurred if adequate environmental improvements were implemented in Burundi. Given the assumptions in the model, it is clear that environmental improvement should be considered as a key component of the SAFE strategy and, hence, it is crucial for eliminating trachoma in Burundi.
Information utility of token bucket regulator

A traffic flow constrained by a token bucket regulator is considered and analysed from an information theoretic point of view. Specifically, the maximum average information (or the entropy) it may convey in a given time is determined, when taking into account the side information present in the form of variable packet lengths even as the flow conforms to the imposed traffic constraints. This may have an impact on a pricing policy that is based on regulator parameters.
Deep Learning-Based Detection and Diagnosis of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is one of the critical and severe neurological diseases with high morbidity and mortality. Head computed tomography (CT) is among the preferred methods for the diagnosis of SAH, which is confirmed by CT showing high-density shadow in the subarachnoid space. Analysis of these images through a deep learning-based subarachnoid hemorrhage will reduce the approximate rate of misdiagnosis in general and missed diagnosis by clinicians in particular. Deep learning-based detection of subarachnoid hemorrhage mainly includes two tasks, i.e., subarachnoid hemorrhage classification and subarachnoid hemorrhage region segmentation. However, it is difficult to effectively judge reliability of the model and classify bleeding which is based on limited predictive probability of convolutional neural network output. Moreover, deep learning-based bleeding area segmentation requires a large amount of training data to be marked in advance and the large number of network parameters makes the model training unable to reach the optimal. To resolve these problems associated with existing models, Bayesian deep learning and neural network-based hybrid model is presented in this paper to estimate uncertainty and efficiently classify subarachnoid hemorrhage. Uncertainty estimation of the proposed model helps in judging whether the model's prediction is reliable or not. Additionally, it is used to guide clinicians to find the neglected subarachnoid hemorrhage area. In addition, a teacher-student mechanism deep learning model was designed to introduce observational uncertainty estimation for semisupervised learning of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Observation uncertainty estimation detects the uncertain bleeding areas in CT images and then selects areas with high reliability. Finally, it uses these unlabeled data for model training purposes as well.
Local steam transit time estimation in a boiling water reactor

A new correlation method, the so-called "rehocence" [1] or "smoothed coherence transform" (SCOT) [4], for transit time estimation is applied in a boiling water reactor (BWR). The transit time of a propagating perturbation of the coolant density between two points along the propagation path could be measured by noise analysis technique. This is usually performed by directly observing the peak in the cross-correlation function of the stochastic signals measured at two points in the propagation path, or indirectly by determining the slope of the phase. The used rehocence method presents the transit time directly in the same way as in the ordinary cross correlation technique, but with a better resolution, even when the measured signals are contaminated by a narrow-band limited internal noise coming from the global noise of the neutron flux fluctuation.
Transcranial direct current stimulation treatment

Transcranial direct current stimulation ( tDCS) is a noninvasive brain stimulation method. tDCS treatment is applied by transmitting direct current betwen anode and cathode electrodes that are located over the head. Due to tDCS treatment is cheap and noninvasive method,a growing amount of research have been carried out on it’s effectiveness and application areas in the last decade. It has started to be applied at the neuropsychiatric diseases beside motor cortex stimulation. In this rewiew, the purpose is to discuss application metods, application areas and probable mechanism of action.
Proliferative Effect of Aqueous Extract of Sea Cucumber (Holothuria parva) Body Wall on Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells

Sea cucumber extracts and their bioactive compounds have the potential for stem cell proliferation induction and for their beneficial therapeutic properties. In this study, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (hUC-MSCs) were exposed to an aqueous extract of Holothuria parva body walls. Proliferative molecules were detected using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis in an aqueous extract of H. parva. The aqueous extract concentrations of 5, 10, 20, 40, and 80 µg/mL and 10 and 20 ng/mL of human epidermal growth factor (EGF) as positive controls were treated on hUC-MSCs. MTT, cell count, viability, and cell cycle assays were performed. Using Western blot analysis, the effects of extracts of H. parva and EGF on cell proliferation markers were detected. Computational modeling was done to detect effective proliferative compounds in the aqueous extract of H. parva. A MTT assay showed that the 10, 20, and 40 µg/mL aqueous extract of H. parva had a proliferative effect on hUC-MSCs. The cell count, which was treated with a 20 µg/mL concentration, increased faster and higher than the control group (p < 0.05). This concentration of the extract did not have a significant effect on hUC-MSCs’ viability. The cell cycle assay of hUC-MSCs showed that the percentage of cells in the G2 stage of the extract was biologically higher than the control group. Expression of cyclin D1, cyclin D3, cyclin E, HIF-1α, and TERT was increased compared with the control group. Moreover, expression of p21 and PCNA decreased after treating hUC-MSCs with the extract. However, CDC-2/cdk-1 and ERK1/2 had almost the same expression as the control group. The expression of CDK-4 and CDK-6 decreased after treatment. Between the detected compounds, 1-methyl-4-(1-methyl phenyl)-benzene showed better affinity to CDK-4 and p21 than tetradecanoic acid. The H. parva aqueous extract showed proliferative potential on hUC-MSCs.