Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Low-Profile Wide-Axial-Ratio-Beamwidth Circularly Polarized Antenna Loaded With Artificial Magnetic Conductor

A low-profile and wide-axial-ratio-beamwidth (ARBW) circularly polarized antenna loaded with a honeycomb-shaped artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) is presented. The essential radiator consists of a pair of orthogonal dipoles. By properly designing the AMC composed of hexagonal elements, the ARBW can be enhanced. Compared with the ordinary PEC reflector and traditional square AMC, the proposed hexagon AMC reflector can enable extra wide ARBW to cover all cut planes. Finally, the proposed antenna is fabricated and measured. Measurements show that the proposed antenna achieves wide ARBWs of at least 239° in eight cut planes. Furthermore, the profile of the proposed antenna is reduced to 0. 073λ0 (at 1.6 GHz) and the peak gain reaches 10.91 dBic with the employment of the AMC reflector.
A quarter century of declining suspended sediment fluxes in the Mississippi River and the effect of the 1993 flood

Annual fluxes, flow‐weighted concentrations and linear least squares trendline calculations for a number of long‐term Mississippi River Basin (MRB) sampling sites covering 1981 through 2007, whilst somewhat ‘noisy’, display long‐term patterns of decline. Annual flow‐weighted concentration plots display the same long‐term patterns of decline, but are less noisy because they reduce/eliminate variations due to interannual discharge differences. The declines appear greatest in the middle MRB, but also are evident elsewhere. The pattern for the lower Ohio River differs and may reflect ongoing construction at the Olmsted lock and dam that began in 1993 and currently is ongoing. The ‘Great Flood of 1993’ appears to have superimposed a step function (a sharp drop) on the long‐term rate of decline in suspended sediment concentrations (SSC), annual fluxes and flow‐weighted concentrations in the middle MRB at St Louis and Thebes, Missouri and Vicksburg, Mississippi, and in the lower MRB at St Francisville, Louisiana. Evidence for a step function at other sites is less substantial, but may have occurred. The step function appears to have resulted from losses in available (erodible) sediment, rather than to a reduction in discharge; hence, the MRB appears to be supply limited rather than discharge limited. These evaluations support the need for daily discharge and SSC data collections in the MRB to better address questions regarding long‐term trends in sediment‐related issues. This is apparent when the results for the Mississippi River at Thebes and St Louis sites are compared with those from other MRB sites where intensive (daily) data collections are lacking. Published in 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Electrochemical Performance of Mixed Redox-Active Organic Molecules in Redox Flow Batteries

Designing electrolytes based on a mixture of different organic redox active molecules brings the opportunity of enhancing the volumetric energy density of flow batteries and removes the requirement of high solubility for individual organic species in the mixture. In the present work, we conduct computational and experimental analysis to investigate the electrochemical performance of mixed redox-active organic molecules. A zero-dimensional transient model is employed to investigate the changes in the half-cell potential and the concentrations and partial currents of individual redox reactions in a mixture of organic molecules over time. The model demonstrates the effects of individual properties of species such as kinetic rate constants, mass transfer coefficients, concentration ratios, and standard redox potentials and reports the effect of energy-losing homogenous chemical redox reaction on the voltage efficiency and concentration ratios of the mixed species. Pairs of anthraquinone negolyte species were selected for an experimental case study. A mixture of 2,6-N-TSAQ and 2,6-DHAQ showed 40% increase in the volumetric energy density compared to the performance of 2,6-DHAQ alone. Based on the results of the experimental and computational analysis, we propose guidelines for the design of suitable mixed redox-active organic species.
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Istituto di Calcolo e Reti ad Alte Prestazioni Process Discovery with Precedence Constraints

The automatic discovery of a process model out of a historical log traces can be of great value for both analysis and design tasks, and is a major goal of Process Mining approaches. A key step in discovering such a model consists in detecting a graph of causal/precedence dependencies over process activities – which can be possibly used to eventually derive more expressive control-flow (e.g., Petri-net based) models. To this end, most of current approaches exploit greedy heuristics and discard apriori some dependencies assuming that the given log is complete (i.e., it covers the possible behavior of the process) – so risking to be ineffective when working with high-concurrency processes and with noisy and temporally-biased logs. Despite the usage of a-priori knowledge could improve the effectiveness, efficiency and robustness (w.r.t. incomplete/noisy data) of dependency mining algorithms, it has been given little attention so far. This paper fills the gap by proposing a constraint-based process discovery framework, where background knowledge can be encoded via precedence constraints, while the search of dependencies can be encoded as either a constraints satisfaction or a constraints satisfaction optimization problem. The computational complexity of such problems is studied deeply, and their tractability frontier is traced w.r. t. the different classes of constraints involved. The whole approach has been implemented in a prototype system, leveraging on a solid constraint programming platform, and tested on both synthesized and real log data.
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Istituto di Calcolo e Reti ad Alte Prestazioni Metamodeling : Representing and Modeling System Knowledge in Design Processes

This paper reports the results of the experiences made in the representation and documentation of design processes with the aim of exploring and establishing ways for managing the knowledge about the system solution developed within the processes itself. The work principally grounds on the concept of metamodel following the conviction that raising the abstraction level in modeling languages during the development of software systems enables to tackle the problems complexity in a more efficient way. In this paper we propose a metamodeling layered architecture for representing software system metamodels and the rules for instantiating each layer starting from the top level one (MOF) downwards the bottom one (the software system). Besides the rules for relating the system metamodel constructs with the design process artifacts are also discussed in order to enable a detailed description of the knowledge the designer produces and manages about the new software system.
Statistical methods in biology

Preface 1. Introduction 2. Variability and frequency distributions 3. Estimation, standard errors and confidence limits 4. The basic idea of a significance test 5. Simple significance tests based on the normal distribution 6. The use of t-tests for small smaples 7. Contingency tables and X2 8. X2-tests of goodness-of-fit and homogeneity 9. The correlation of measurements 10. Regression analysis 11. Simple experimental design and the analysis of variance 12. Introduction to factorial experiments 13. Random samples and random numbers 14. Partial correlation and multiple regression 15. Non-parametric and distribution-free tests 16. Notes on numerical calculation, calculators and computers Appendix tables Index.
Occupation: Purposefulness and meaningfulness as therapeutic mechanisms.

The model of occupational functioning leads the author to conceptualize occupation both as treatment end goal and as means to remediate impairments. In both dimensions, meaningfulness and purposefulness are key therapeutic qualities. Purposefulness is hypothesized to organize behavior and meaningfulness to motivate performance. These aspects of occupation need explication through research. Some questions that need to be answered include the following: How does purposefulness of occupation-as-end organize a person's life? Does purposefulness of occupation-as-means organize particular behavioral responses? What effect does meaningfulness of occupation-as-end have on achievement of role performance? Does meaningfulness of occupation-as-means motivate perseverance and effort during therapy?
Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Reading Music Systems

The International Workshop on Reading Music Systems (WoRMS) is a workshop that tries to connect researchers who develop systems for reading music, such as in the field of Optical Music Recognition, with other researchers and practitioners that could benefit from such systems, like librarians or musicologists. The relevant topics of interest for the workshop include, but are not limited to: Music reading systems; Optical music recognition; Datasets and performance evaluation; Image processing on music scores; Writer identification; Authoring, editing, storing and presentation systems for music scores; Multi-modal systems; Novel input-methods for music to produce written music; Web-based Music Information Retrieval services; Applications and projects; Use-cases related to written music. These are the proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Reading Music Systems, held in Paris on the 20th of September 2018.
Journal of Graph Algorithms and Applications Accelerated Bend Minimization

We present an O(n 3/2) algorithm for minimizing the number of bends in an orthogonal drawing of a plane graph. It has been posed as a long standing open problem at Graph Drawing 2003, whether the bound of O(n 7/4 √ log n) shown by Garg and Tamassia in 1996 could be improved. To answer this question, we show how to solve the uncapacitated min-cost flow problem on a planar bidirected graph with bounded costs and face sizes in O(n 3/2) time.
Journal of Graph Algorithms and Applications Sensitivity Analysis of Minimum Spanning Trees in Sub-inverse-ackermann Time

We present a deterministic algorithm for computing the sensitivity of a minimum spanning tree (MST) or shortest path tree in O(m log α(m, n)) time, where α is the inverse-Ackermann function. This improves upon a long standing bound of O(mα(m, n)) established by Tarjan. Our algorithms are based on an efficient split-findmin data structure, which maintains a collection of sequences of weighted elements that may be split into smaller subsequences. As far as we are aware, our split-findmin algorithm is the first with superlinear but sub-inverse-Ackermann complexity. We also give a reduction from MST sensitivity to the MST problem itself. Together with the randomized linear time MST algorithm of Karger, Klein, and Tarjan, this gives another randomized linear time MST sensitivity algorithm.
Journal of Graph Algorithms and Applications on Structural Parameterizations of Hitting Set: Hitting Paths in Graphs Using 2-sat

Hitting Set is a classic problem in combinatorial optimization. Its input consists of a set system F over a finite universe U and an integer t; the question is whether there is a set of t elements that intersects every set in F. The Hitting Set problem parameterized by the size of the solution is a well-known W[2]-complete problem in parameterized complexity theory. In this paper we investigate the complexity of Hitting Set under various structural parameterizations of the input. Our starting point is the folklore result that Hitting Set is polynomial-time solvable if there is a tree T on vertex set U such that the sets in F induce connected sub-trees of T. We consider the case that there is a treelike graph with vertex set U such that the sets in F induce connected subgraphs; the parameter of the problem is a measure of how treelike the graph is. Our main positive result is an algorithm that, given a graph G with cyclomatic number k, a collection P of simple paths in G, and an integer t, determines in time 2 5k (|G| + |P|) O(1) whether there is a vertex set of size t that hits all paths in P. It is based on a connection to the 2-SAT problem in multiple valued logic. For other parameterizations we derive W[1]-hardness and para-NP-completeness results.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of recovery in schizophrenia.

OBJECTIVE Our primary aims were (a) to identify the proportion of individuals with schizophrenia and related psychoses who met recovery criteria based on both clinical and social domains and (b) to examine if recovery was associated with factors such as gender, economic index of sites, and selected design features of the study. We also examined if the proportions who met our definition of recovery had changed over time. METHOD A comprehensive search strategy was used to identify potential studies, and data were extracted for those that met inclusion criteria. The proportion who met our recovery criteria (improvements in both clinical and social domains and evidence that improvements in at least 1 of these 2 domains had persisted for at least 2 years) was extracted from each study. Meta-regression techniques were used to explore the association between the recovery proportions and the selected variables. RESULTS We identified 50 studies with data suitable for inclusion. The median proportion (25%-75% quantiles) who met our recovery criteria was 13.5% (8.1%-20.0%). Studies from sites in countries with poorer economic status had higher recovery proportions. However, there were no statistically significant differences when the estimates were stratified according to sex, midpoint of intake period, strictness of the diagnostic criteria, duration of follow-up, or other design features. CONCLUSIONS Based on the best available data, approximately, 1 in 7 individuals with schizophrenia met our criteria for recovery. Despite major changes in treatment options in recent decades, the proportion of recovered cases has not increased.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials

Background: This paper aims to compare the effectiveness and safety of pembrolizumab and paclitaxel as a second line for patients with locally advanced gastroesophageal cancer. Methods: By searching PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Ovid, any randomized clinical study comparing the effectiveness of paclitaxel and pembrolizumab as second-line therapy for advanced gastroesophageal cancer met the inclusion criteria. Only 3 of the 23 eligible studies that were fully reviewed were eligible for meta-analysis. Results: The total number of patients included in the meta-analysis was 635 in the pembrolizumab group and 596 in the paclitaxel group. In terms of objective response rate, there was no statistically significant difference between pembrolizumab and paclitaxel (relative risk = 1.10, 95% CI = 0.80–1.50, P = .57). Furthermore, Pembrolizumab and paclitaxel did not differ in terms of the rate of partial response statistically significantly from one another, according to the overall analysis (relative risk = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.57–1.52, P-value = .78). Conclusion: There is no difference between pembrolizumab and paclitaxel in objective response rate. The objective response rate shows that doctors may consider either treatment for patients with advanced gastroesophageal cancer, given the time to response is comparable across therapies. Abbreviations: MD = mean difference, OS = overall survival, PD = programmed death, RR = relative risk, SD = standard deviation.
Selecting Human Dimensions Indicators for South Florida's Coastal Marine Ecosystem - Noneconomic Indicators

Summary The Marine and Estuarine Goal Setting for South Florida (MARES) project is developing a suite of indicators and indices that can provide an integrated assessment of the South Florida coastal marine ecosystem. Indicators, in this context, incorporate data on one or more variables to assess conditions in the coastal marine environment and communities of people who depend on it. In the latter case, human dimensions (HD) indicators use data that are either economic or noneconomic in character to assess the services and benefits that the ecosystem provides to people. These are known as human dimensions indicators because they relate to the human dimensions of the ecosystem. The development of human dimensions indicators is proceeding along two paths: HD economic indicators and HD non-economic indicators. This distinction was made due to differences in human dimensions science methodologies and the expertise of the researchers involved in the MARES project. This whitepaper describes the development of a set of human dimensions non-economic indicators. The HD non-economic indicators focus on aspects of human dimensions science, excepting economics, but including cultural, regulating and provision services generated by the coastal marine ecosystem. The HD non-economic and HD economic indicators gather together complementary sets of information that, together, reflect how ecosystem services are incorporated into society; they track the link between human well-being and ecosystem health, success of management goals, and overall benefits that society receives from South Florida’s natural resources. They provide information and context to adapt and improve, add, replace or remove projects as new scientific information becomes available. Humans are implicit in the discussion of ecosystem services. Benefits from recreation opportunities, seafood, jobs, and beautiful views are readily apparent. Other benefits such as protection from disease, waste remediation and oxygen provision are not as readily noticed by people day-to-day. All contribute to well-being and a quality life. While sophisticated indicators for tracking how many of these services benefit society may be achieved, it is the aim of this paper to describe indicators of societal impacts that are easily collected, change over time and are appropriate to the region so that they can be used, together with the biophysical indicators to adaptively manage regional resources in a holistic fashion. A small group of social scientists met to describe the interactions between coastal communities, other ecosystem service beneficiaries, such as tourists, and the SFCME. The goal was to identify indicators and measures that would capture changes in these populations that will impact or be impacted by changes in ecosystem services. The process began with information being assembled into the integrated conceptual ecosystem models of the coastal marine ecosystem,
Isolation and Characterization of Multi-drug Resistant Bacterial Pathogens from Hospital Effluents, South Eastern, Nigeria

: This study was aimed to isolate and characterize public health important bacteria from waste water in hospital and evaluate the distribution of multiple drug resistance bacteria in the study area. The hospital waste water was taken from three different hospitals in Afikpo: Mater Misercordiae Hospital(MMH), Afikpo Medical Centre (AMC) and His Grace Hospital (HGH) between June and October 2015. Samples were aseptically collected, transported and processed within two hours following standard procedure. Identified organisms were assessed for different antibiotics following Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. A total of 60 wastewater samples were processed for the presence of drug resistant pathogens. Out of which 61 bacterial isolates were recovered. The most frequently identified bacterium was Pseudomonas spp 17 (27.9%) followed by E. coli 16(26.2%), Staphylococcus aureus 15(24.6%) and Salmonella spp 13(21.3%). The overall prevalence of multiple drug resistance (MDR) showed that all the bacterial isolates exhibited resistance to more than three (3) antibiotics, although their patterns of resistance varied. All isolated organisms were resistant to clindamycin and ampicillin. However, analysis of the performance of the different antibiotics against the isolated strains from different hospitals showed varied resistance profile. However, the most effective antibiotic was the quinolones where there was some level of susceptibility among many of the isolates. The presence of these multi-drug resistant strains from hospital waste waters could act as a vehicle to disseminate antibiotic resistant bacteria in the environment. Therefore,there is need for hospital wastewater to be treated before they are released into the environment.
The strength anisotropy of localized compaction: A model for the role of the nature and orientation of cross‐beds on the orientation and distribution of compaction bands in 3‐D

The field observations indicate that the low‐angle bed‐parallel compaction bands and the high‐angle‐to‐bedding compaction bands occur only in cross‐beds with certain range of bedding orientations in the Aztec Sandstone at the Valley of Fire State Park (NV). The hypothesis is that the primary underlying mechanical reason for this phenomenon is the strength anisotropy of localized compaction in anisotropic sandstones. In this paper, we used a quadratic failure criterion to describe the strength anisotropy of localized compaction and compared the results with the field data. The results show a clear relationship among the cross‐beds with (or without) compaction bands of certain orientations and the cross‐beds with relatively lower (or higher) calculated strength of localized compaction. We also used the quadratic failure criterion to fit the yield caps of anisotropic sandstones deformed in the laboratory by previous investigators and achieved some degree of success. These findings indicate that the strength anisotropy of localized compaction is an important factor controlling the compartmentalized distribution of compaction bands of various orientations in the aeolian sandstones.
Sexual behavior and cardiovascular diseases: univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization

Background To assess the relationship of genetically predicted sexual behavior (age at first sex (AFS) and the number of sexual partners (NSP)) on cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Methods and results We performed two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) with publicly available datasets from the UK Biobank and FinnGen Study, and analyzed genome-wide association results for sexual behaviors and twelve types of CVDs. The univariable MR method provided a total effect of AFS and NSP on CVDs, and showed evidence that early AFS rather than NSP was associated with CVDs, including angina pectoris (AP), atrial fibrillation and flutter (AFF), coronary atherosclerosis (CAS), deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremity (DVT-LE), heart failure (HF), hypertension (HTN), ischaemic stroke (IS), and myocardial infarction (MI). Given sex as a social determinant of CVD risk, we used gender-stratified SNPs to investigate gender differences in the development of CVDs. These results showed a stronger causal relationship of AFS on CVDs in females than in males. Further multivariable MR analyses indicated a direct effect after accounting for insomnia, number of days of vigorous physical activity 10 + minutes (VPA 10 + min), and time spent watching television (TV). Two-step MR demonstrated these three risk factors act as a mediator in AFS associated AP/HTN/HF. Conclusions We provide evidence that early AFS increased the risk of CVDs. These associations may be partly caused by VPA 10 + min, insomnia, and the time spent on TV. The causality of AFS on CVDs in females was stronger than in males. Conversely, genetically predicted NSP was not associated with CVDs.