Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Robust Power System State Estimator using Projection Statistics for IEEE systems

In Real-time applications like measurement noise in distributed power system. From model of Gaussian frequently deviates or unknown are obtained and estimated in terms of impulse pulse of noise. Under such situations, the efficiency behavior changes. State estimation (SE) methods which are conventional which have both measured and estimated values with the noise consideration is greatly depleted. In this paper, state estimation methods are used in power systems to reduce the error and noise either in two stages of operation. To achieve a linear property of the estimated output by using adjustment of weights and its measurements. The estimator considers the limits and statistical data with a good efficiency even with and without noise effects and disturbances. Tu understand the behavior of SE methods, IEEE test bench of 14-bus and 30- buses are considered. the results are simulated in MTALAB-SIMULINK environment. Index Terms: Load flow study, IEEE 14 and 30 Bus systems, Statistics, GM-estimator, MATLAB, M file.
Herbaceous Energy Crops Program. Annual progress report for FY 1985

This report describes the activities and accomplishments of the Herbaceous Energy Crops Program (HECP) for the year ending September 30, 1985. HECP emphasizes lignocellulosic forage crops. In FY 1985 screening and selection trails began on seven species of perennial and annual grasses and legumes in five projects in the Southeast and the Midwest-Lake State regions. Research also continued on the development of winter rapeseed as a disel-fuel substitute. Activities in FY 1985 included crosses and selections to incorporate atrazine resistance and reduced vernalization requirements in genotypes with desirable seed and oil qualities. Exploratory research efforts in FY 1985 included the physiology and biochemistry of hydrocarbon production in latex bearing plants, the productivity of cattail stands under sustained harvesting, and the development of tissue culture techniques for hard-to-culture sorghum genotypes. Environmental and economic analyses in FY 1985 included completion of a resource assessment of the southwestern United States, a study on successful new crop introductions, and initiation of studies on near-term markets for lignocellulosic energy crops and on vegetable oil extraction facilities. 8 figs., 2 tabs.
Design Study of 3 Segment Leg with Stable Region at low and high Speed Running

In previous researches, the self-stability was studied for the spring-mass model and the two segment leg model. In these researches, it was presented that the spring-mass model has the self-stable region at relatively high speed running and the two segment leg model has the self-stable region at relatively low speed running. If the model was run in the self-stable region, the cost of transport is zero ideally. That is, actually, only the energy loss is needed to compensate for running. This means that the energy efficiency is high, running in the self-stable region. We want to have high energy efficiency at low and high speed running. So, in this paper, we propose the design direction of the three segment leg having the self-stable region at low and high speed running. And we prove the self-stable region of the three segment leg designed by the proposed design direction.
Automatic Recognition of a Piping System from Laser Scanned Points by Eigenvalue Analysis

In recent years, changes in plant equipment have been becoming more frequent because of the short lifetime of the products, and constructing 3D shape models of existing plants (as-built models) from large-scale laser scanned data is expected to make their rebuilding processes more efficient. However, the laser scanned data of the existing plant has massive points, captures tangled objects and includes a large amount of noises, so that the manual reconstruction of a 3D model is very time-consuming and costs a lot. Piping systems especially, account for the greatest proportion of plant equipment. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to propose an algorithm which can automatically recognize a piping system from terrestrial laser scan data of the plant equipment. Point clouds of a piping system can be extracted based eigenvalue analysis and using region-growing from the laser scanned points. Eigenvalue analysis of the point clouds then allows for recognition of straight portion of pipes. Connecting parts can be recognized from connection relationship between pipes and neighboring points.
Exergy analysis of gas-turbine combined cycle with CO2 capture using auto-thermal reforming of natural gas

A concept for capturing and sequestering CO 2 from a natural-gas fired combined-cycle power plant is presented. Previously, a number of methods for capturing CO 2 from power plants have been suggested, among other including chemical absorption of CO 2 from exhaust gas and stoichiometric combustion with pure oxygen. The present approach is to de-carbonise the fuel prior to combustion by reforming natural gas, producing a hydrogen-rich fuel. The reforming process consists of an air-blown pressurised auto-thermal reformer that produces a gas containing H 2 , CO and a small fraction of CH4 as the combustible components. The gas is then led through a water-shift reactor, where the equilibrium of CO and H 2 O is shifted towards CO 2 and H 2 . The CO 2 is then captured from the resulting gas by chemical absorption. The gas turbine of this system is then fed with a fuel gas containing approximately 50% H 2 . A very important aspect of this type of process is the integration between the combined cycle and the reforming process. The pressurised air for the reforming is taken from a gas turbine compressor bleed, and there is an exchange of MP- and HP-steam between the steam cycle and the reforming process. This integration is necessary in order to achieve acceptable level of fuel-to-electricity conversion efficiency.
Short-Haul Airline Crew Rostering by Using Inequality-Based Multiobjective Genetic Algorithm

A novel method of inequality-based multiobjective genetic algorithm (MMGA) is presented for solving the airline crew rostering problem. This approach combines a traditional genetic algorithm with a multiobjective optimization method to address multiple objectives at the same time and to explore the optimal solution. With the method of inequalities, the objective can be modified to update different requirements. Therefore, the proposed MMGA approach has the advantages of global exploration and robustness. There are numerous local optima in airline crew rostering problems, so the problem is challenging to evaluate by using genetic algorithm-based approaches. Computational experiments show that the proposed method can obtain better and more robust results than those of manual rosters made by rosterers who have many years of experience. The research objective was to solve the complex airline crew rostering problem by using the MMGA approach and to demonstrate that this method can reduce the solution time. The proposed method is successfully applied to a domestic short-haul airline. It helps managers find a high-quality, feasible roster and reduce crew-related costs in crew rostering applications.
INFOBOX 3.2 Model Equations and how they are solved

The state of Earth’s atmosphere and its temporal and spatial behaviour are governed by the fundamental laws of fluid mechanics and thermodynamics, which are the conservation of momentum, energy, and mass. For an infinitesimal volume of fluid particles in the Lagrangian framework, these can be expressed in terms of partial differential equations involving the physical quantities wind speed and direction, temperature, pressure, and humidity, for example, as functions of space and time. The evolution of the three-dimensional wind vector ~v is governed by Newton’s second law and given by the Navier-Stokes momentum equation:
Trunk Stability in Dynamic Movement

Spinal stability has been characterized in static but not in dynamic movements. The goal of this study was to determine whether movement pace and direction of dynamic trunk flexion influence the control of spinal stability. Twenty healthy subjects performed dynamic lifting movements at 20 and 40 cycles per minute. Lyapunov exponents were calculated from the measured trunk kinematics to estimate stability. Complexity of torso dynamics required at least five embedded dimensions thereby indicating that torso dynamics requires more than the 3-dimensions of movement for sufficient characterization. Dynamic stability is was greater in slow lifting movement than in fast movements. Asymmetric movements demonstrated greater multi-dimensional kinematic divergence than asymmetric movements. This indicates that the sagittal plane of movement may not be a principle dynamic axis of torso movement. Results provide biomechanical insight regarding the role of workplace design and risk of musculoskeletal instability in dynamic lifting tasks.
Transferring Biotechnology in India: experiences and lessons

In a developing country like India, most of the R&D is public funded and conducted in universities and research institutions. Transfer of Technologies (TT) arising from non-commercial environs meet with more difficulties before being adopted successfully by the industries. The success rate of TT in biotechnology in India is low. In this paper, author uses case study approach to analyse the reasons for the outcome of TTs during 1990s and 2000s. One of the major reasons observed is the low level preparedness of the Technology Delivery System (TDS). Other factors which contributed to success or failure of technologies transferred included capabilities with the firms, policy intervention, status of regulatory environment and awareness of target groups.
High temperature operational amplifier with low offset voltage

In this paper circuit design techniques for high temperature electronics are presented. It will be shown that standard Bulk-CMOS technology may be suitable for circuits operating well at temperatures up to 250/spl deg/C, if special design techniques are considered. While using standard circuits at elevated temperatures, main difficulties arise from the drain leakage current of MOSFETs which is amplified by a parasitic bipolar transistor (known from latch-up) and therefore becomes much higher than the original diffusion leakage current caused by the pn-junction of the drain-bulk diode. A low leakage current for MOSFETs can be achieved by a special circuit design technique. Further problems result from the drift of the threshold voltage depending on temperature and time. As an example a Commutating Automatic Zero Operational Amplifier (CAZ-OPA) is presented in order to demonstrate the capabilities of standard Bulk-CMOS. This CAZ-OPA works with a digital circuit for offset compensation.
Animal Diseases Diagnosis Expert System Based on HSMC-SVM

There are kinds of animal diseases and a smaller number of experts in the corresponding field of disease diagnosis expert. So animal husbandry units are unable to make a rapid and accurate diagnosis for animal diseases generally. To solve this problem, the paper is proposed a model of animal disease diagnosis expert system based on HSMC-SVM. In theory, it confirms that HSMC-SVM is feasible in applying of animal diseases diagnosis expert system. Numerical experiments verify HSMC-SVM has higher accuracy and better generalization ability in the diagnosis of animal diseases.
Cluster-Based Intrusion Detection Model for Wireless Sensor Network

An intrusion detection system (IDS) using agent technology was designed for wireless sensor network of clustering structure. An IDS agent which includes two different agents was deployed in every node of network. One is local detection agent and another is global detection agent. They complete different tasks of detection. Based on Bluetooth communication technology, Bluetooth scattering network formation algorithm TPSF was employed to construct the cluster layer of sensor network and to finish task assignment of different agents. The TPSF algorithm was improved by limiting the role of nodes to lighten the complexity of nodes, so the IDS agents can work effectively and the safety coefficient of nodes is improved.
E-Cycling: Linking Trade and Environmental Law in the EC and the U.S.

PART I INTRODUCTION Chapter 1: Background, Intention and Structure PART II ENVIRONMENTAL LAW, TRADE LAW, AND ELECTRONICS RECYCLING Chapter 2: Regulatory Competition Chapter 4: Recycling Electronics-Preliminary Practical and Legal Viewpoints PART III ELECTRONICS RECYCLING AT THE CROSSROADS OF ENVIRONMENTAL LAW AND TRADE LAW Chapter 5: Product Requirements on Recycling Electronics Chapter 6: Waste Electronics Chapter 7: Recycling Schemes Chapter 8: Extended Producer Responsibility Chapter 9: Market-Based Tools Chapter 10: Information Requirements PART IV TOWARDS MUTUALLY REINFORCING ENVIRONMENTAL LAW AND TRADE LAW Chapter 11: Conclusions Annexes Annex 1: Recycling Technologies for Electronics Annex 2: Examples of Design for the Environment Tools Deploying a Life-Cycle Analysis Annex 3: Marketable Rights-A Hypothetical Illustration Bibliography List of Cases Table of Legal Provisions Index.
Design of a New Dual-Band Diplexer for GPS, WLAN and WiMAX Applications

Abstract In this paper, a dual-band diplexer is proposed. Two dualband bandpass filters (DB-BPFs) using coupled stepped-impedance resonators (SIRs) operated at 1.575/2.13 GHz and 3.15/5.2 GHz are main blocks combined with a branch matching circuit for the proposed dual-band diplexer. By analyzing the input impedance Zin of different loading structures, we can precisely predict the stopband positions of the loading structures to avoid the interference between the two sets of different channels. A high isolation of 40 dB between the two sets of channels is obtained. The simulated and measured results have a good agreement with the proposed design concept.
Current Methods of Assessing Substance Use: A Review of Strengths, Problems, and Developments

This article discusses various means of assessing and measuring substance use behaviors and describes the relative advantages and disadvantages of each of the measurement tools. Self-report instruments are the most convenient and widely used forms of substance use assessment. Self-report measures can be obtained through various modes of administration, including self-administration via paper-and-pencil questionnaires, computer assisted self-interviews or interactive voice recording, and through personal (interviewer-administered) interviews. The advantages and disadvantages of each of these modes of administration are discussed. Alternative assessment techniques, such as biological measurements, are also frequently used to measure substance use or to validate self-report measures of substance use. This article reviews the various available methods for validating self-report measures, highlighting self-report and biological testing techniques currently in use. It concludes by suggesting future avenues of research for improving upon current substance use measurement techniques.
UTD propagation model in an urban street scene for microcellular communications

A three-dimensional propagation model for microcellular communications in an urban street scene is presented. The model is based on the uniform theory of diffraction (UTD) and takes into account multiple wall-to-wall, wall-to-ground, and ground-to-wall reflections, the diffraction from corners of buildings, and subsequent reflections from such diffracted signals. The ray geometry is made extremely complex by the presence of ground reflections and the many combinations of sequences of reflections or diffractions from walls, edges, and ground. At each reflection or diffraction point, the local ray-fixed coordinate system or edge-fixed coordinate system is used together with appropriate dyadic reflection or diffraction coefficient matrices. The theoretical results for the signal path loss along the streets are compared with measurements done in New York and Tokyo for various values of the propagation parameters. Agreement with these measurements indicates that the UTD formulation is a good model for such urban communication applications. >
Stability of Synthetic Calcium Silicate Hydrate Gels in Presence of Alkalis, Aluminum, and Soluble Silica

A study is described of the stability (chemical composition and nano-structural change) of a synthetic calcium silicate hydrate gel in the presence of Ca(OH)2, the two main products of portland cement hydration, hours after alkalis, aluminum, and soluble silica were added to the mix. The sol–gel procedure was used to synthesize the gels. Calcium nitrate and sodium silicate solutions were used as the sources of calcium and silicon, respectively. The samples were prepared to a target Ca–Si ratio of 1.9. A 10-M NaOH solution was added to hold the pH at values greater than 13. All processes were conducted in a nitrogen atmosphere. The samples were characterized by using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, transmission electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray. The findings showed that addition of a high sodium hydroxide content led to silicate polymerization. The simultaneous addition of alkalis and aluminum induced a rise in the degree of silicate condensation in the gel [Q2(nAl) and possible cross-linking, Q3, via bridging tetrahedral aluminate], along with the formation of a calcium aluminosilicate hydrate similar to strätlingite. Finally, the simultaneous addition of alkalis, aluminum, and soluble silica favored the precipitation of an alkaline aluminosilicate hydrate gel with calcium replacing a high percentage of sodium and a composition clearly different from that of the other components.
Network Features Measurement of Social Media

With the development of Internet, mobile-Internet the increasing demand of communication, social media has become into a most famous form of media. Users of social media form networks based on their relationships and communications, which are of important value for the field of social media. Aiming to analyze the features of social media, taking Renren and Sina Microblog as the examples of domestic social network stations and Microblog, the article constructs three samples which are individual network of Renren, overall network of Renren and Attention network of Sina Microblog. After collecting the data, the article uses Gephi to measure and analyze the network features, after which it compares the network features of these three samples. Based on this analysis, in the role-playing analysis, the article states the role-playing based on the significance and sociality/media, which we call it tendency to connect. During the analysis it put forwards some practice suggestions.This template explains and demonstrates how to prepare your camera-ready paper for Trans Tech Publications. The best is to read these instructions and follow the outline of this text.
Object aggregation using Neyman-Pearson analysis

This paper presents a novel approach to: 1) distinguish military vehicle groups, and 2) identify names of military vehicle convoys in the level-2 fusion process. The data is generated from a generic Ground Moving Target Indication (GMTI) simulator that utilizes Matlab and Microsoft Access. This data is processed to identify the convoys and number of vehicles in the convoy, using the minimum timed distance variance (MTDV) measurement. Once the vehicle groups are formed, convoy association is done using hypothesis techniques based upon Neyman Pearson (NP) criterion. One characteristic of NP is the low error probability when a-priori information is unknown. The NP approach was demonstrated with this advantage over a Bayesian technique.
Model of Bi-directional Flyback Converter for Hybrid AC/DC Distribution System

In this article, a simulation model and concept of two switch bi-directional isolated DC/DC converter is presented. Converter is based on flyback converter type. Also control method for voltage regulation with bi-directional power transfer is presented. Target application of the proposed converter was selected to be a hybrid AC/DC distribution system concept of which was briefly described. The requirement of galvanic isolation in the hybrid AC/DC concept comes from use of shared neutral wire; DC current runs with unbalanced part of AC current in neutral wire. Without galvanic isolation grounded neutral would cause short circuit if DC/DC converter is connected to three phase rectifier or inverter. Simulation was carried out with PSCAD electromagnetic transient simulator. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.11591/ijpeds.v3i4. 4606
Study on Treatment of Wastewater with High-Concentration Sulfate by IC Anaerobic Reactor

In this study, IC anaerobic reactor was made to deal with the wastewater with high-concentration sulfate, the sludge from sewage treatment plant was put into two cells of IC reactor to domesticate sulfur-reducing bacteria (SRB), artificial water was made to simulate the wastewater with high-concentration SO42−. In order to remove the SO42− efficiently, two stages were designed in this study: sludge domestication stage and concentration strengthening stage. In sludge domestication stage, SRB could grow normally, the removal rate of SO42− was between 34.14% and 36.2%;in concentration strengthening stage, removal rate of SO42− was between 26% and 26.86%,demonstrating that SRB could grow and remove SO42− in such high-concentration SO42−( 38000 mg/L ) wastewater.
Applied field/frequency response of planar gyromagnetic discs

Gyromagnetic resonators may be biased below, above or at the applied magnetic field required for ferrimagnetic resonance. A rigorous applied field/frequency solution for a planar disc is presented here by using a continuous model of material magnetization for these three regions of magnetic bias. The nonlinear relationship between the classic tensor entry description and the applied field/frequency parameters is established. Good agreement between calculated and measured resonances are also recorded.
Web-Based Information Systems Development: An Empirical Study of Requirements Engineering Approaches

No system is perfect in so far as requirements are always the subject of ongoing negotiation, and there will generally be a subset of the requirements that get pushed aside. This is especially true of the volatile environments that characterise Web-based information systems (WIS) development. A pragmatic resolution is to apply a requirements prioritisation methodology that aims to produce a best possible wish list under constrained circumstances. Herein are reported the findings of a case study of a WIS development project which uses such an approach. In practice, requirements engineering methodologies are not executed in the structured, methodical way advocated by researchers. This is not surprising, as the underlying philosophy of most of these methodologies is that systems development is a rational process, whereas in actuality it is more accurately portrayed as creative, somewhat improvised behaviour. It is therefore important to determine if the key issues suggested by the normative view of requirements engineering corresponds with the approaches being used in the real world. This paper outlines the theories of “rationalism” and “improvisation”, and describes the major pitfalls of each. It then discusses how these pitfalls were encountered in the case study. Interestingly, although the methodology in this case study was very specific and firmly based in the “rational” paradigm, the users often improvised by privately making decisions on how certain aspects should or should not be implemented. As such, elements of both rationalism and improvisation were experienced. The paper concludes with the assertion that even where methodologies are developed and revised based on actual experiences in practice, as opposed to academic theory, it is not possible to devise an approach that is wholly methodical because amethodical aspects will always creep in during implementation.