Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Long-Term Adherence in Overweight Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Hypertension—A Pilot Prospective Cohort Study

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with increased cardiovascular risk, sedentarism, depression, anxiety and impaired quality of life. The long-term effectiveness of positive airway pressure (PAP) is insufficiently studied and limited by poor patient compliance. The aim of this pilot prospective cohort study was to evaluate long-term adherence in overweight patients with moderate–severe OSA and hypertension and to analyze changes in weight, sleepiness and quality of life. We performed a prospective study that included overweight patients with moderate–severe OSA and hypertension who had not undergone previous PAP therapy. All subjects received a standard physical examination, education regarding lifestyle changes and free PAP therapy for 2 months. After five years, the patients were invited to participate in a telephone-based interview regarding PAP compliance and completed standard questionnaires assessing adherence to medication, physical activity, diet, anxiety and quality of life (QoL). Only 39.58% of the patients were adherent to PAP 5 years (58.42 ± 3.70 months) after being diagnosed with moderate–severe OSA. Long-term PAP use results in sustained weight loss; improved blood pressure control, sleepiness and QOL; and lower anxiety and depression scores. PAP compliance was not associated with a higher level of daily physical activity or a healthier diet.
GCs-beta and B-arrestins Regulate Nrf2 via NR4As Productive Pathway Mediated by B-adrenergic for Anti-inflammation and Adopting Myocardial and Immune Functions

The nuclear receptors “NR4As” productive pathway is the so important pathways for activating classic estrogen receptors and are important for regulating the adopted cellular anti-inflammatory growth (mediated by glucocorticoids, Nrf2, Ang2-AT2, and VEGF-A synthesis)which considered as the basic for B-arrestins synthesis which adopt B Adrenergic, and Nrf2 synthesis, that Nrf2 is strong activator to ACE functions for promoting Ang2-AT2 and VEGF-A synthesis for running the adopted anti-inflammatory growth and heme oxygenase. The modulation of oxidative stress will be done by serotonin synthesis (regulated by tryptophan “TGG”) which will promote melatonin synthesis which necessary to activate glucocorticoids productions via NR4A2 pathway followed by B-arrestins and Nrf2 productions for activating Ang2-AT2 and VEGF-A productions. That melatonin synthesis will be associated with GTPase production which promote and activate OPA1 repairs and functions, and responsible for activating glutamine synthesis which stabilize Leu functions through Nrf2 functions. This study concluded that NR4As productive pathway are the important pathway for improving anti-oxidation through improving IL6 productivity to IL17 productions, and is important for glucocorticoids-beta synthesis followed by B-arrestins productions which activate B Adrenergic synthesis that are necessary for activating Nrf2 production that followed by activating ACE for Ang2-AT2 and VEGF-A synthesis for running anti-inflammatory growth, modulating antioxidative stress, activate heme oxygenase, modulating brain function and memories growth , and activating T-cells and B-cell functions. That NR4As exert multilevel regulations of brain function and cardiac functions that protect immune survival from vascular cardiac diseases, and are the primary modulator to pro-inflammation and stimulator for variety of active genes and subunits started by estrogen and GCs-beta productions which followed by activating B-arrestins which activate B Adrenergic synthesis which has the roles of activating Nrf2 productions for adopting antioxidative functions, heme oxygenase, vasoconstriction functions, and anti-inflammatory growth mediated by Ang2-AT2 and VEGF-A synthesis.
Changing the Unpredictable Nature of Internal Tides Through Deep Learning

Nonstationary internal tides (ITs) are formed from their interactions with background currents. Harmonic analysis (HA), which cannot be used to estimate the incoherent component, is almost exclusively used method to predict ITs from observations. This remains ITs prediction challenge. In this study, we establish a deep learning framework to predict semidiurnal ITs. The model is established and trained with observed semidiurnal internal tidal currents that are 172 days long, and then ITs over the next 42 days are forecasted. The prediction accuracy is greatly improved using the deep learning framework. The magnitudes of errors using the deep learning framework are approximately 35% of those obtained using HA. Most temporal and spatial variations in baroclinic currents can successfully be forecasted using deep learning. In addition, the kinetic energy and incoherent components of ITs can be accurately predicted. Moreover, the relatively high adoptability of the established deep learning model is shown.
Poly(β-amino ester)s-Based Delivery Systems for Targeted Transdermal Vaccination

Nucleic acid vaccines have become a transformative technology to fight emerging infectious diseases and cancer. Delivery of such via the transdermal route could boost their efficacy given the complex immune cell reservoir present in the skin that is capable of engendering robust immune responses. We have generated a novel library of vectors derived from poly(β-amino ester)s (PBAEs) including oligopeptide-termini and a natural ligand, mannose, for targeted transfection of antigen presenting cells (APCs) such as Langerhans cells and macrophages in the dermal milieu. Our results reaffirmed terminal decoration of PBAEs with oligopeptide chains as a powerful tool to induce cell-specific transfection, identifying an outstanding candidate with a ten-fold increased transfection efficiency over commercial controls in vitro. The inclusion of mannose in the PBAE backbone rendered an additive effect and increased transfection levels, achieving superior gene expression in human monocyte-derived dendritic cells and other accessory antigen presenting cells. Moreover, top performing candidates were capable of mediating surface gene transfer when deposited as polyelectrolyte films onto transdermal devices such as microneedles, offering alternatives to conventional hypodermic administration. We predict that the use of highly efficient delivery vectors derived from PBAEs could advance clinical translation of nucleic acid vaccination over protein- and peptide-based strategies.
Low-Cost Structural Monitoring of Analog Circuits for Secure and Reliable Operation

Editor’s notes: Analog circuits enhanced with digital circuitry are vulnerable to changes in circuit structure or configuration that arise from natural sources (defects) or unnatural sources (malicious attacks). This article explores the use of in-field circuit monitors to measure the changes in circuit performance that can indicate such a change with low overhead and without compromising the security of the circuit. —Jennifer Dworak, Southern Methodist University, USA
A versatile fiber coating process for efficient fabrication of multifunctional composites

The objective of this research is to demonstrate the versatility of a dip coating process for the efficient integration of piezoelectric barium titanate (BaTiO3) microparticles on a wide variety of fibers to design passive self-sensing composites. The microparticles were deposited on glass, aramid, and basalt fiber weaves through the proposed dip coating technique. A computational framework is established to predict the deposition thickness on the fiber surfaces from the given microparticle concentration, size, coating velocity, and coating fluid viscosity. The deposition quality assessment was performed through scanning electron microscope imaging and subsequent image analysis. BaTiO3-coated fibers were directly used in composite preparation. After fabrication, the BaTiO3-enhanced composites were subjected to high-voltage poling. Finally, their passive self-sensing properties were characterized through experimental studies. The results show the adaptability of the proposed coating process to integrate BaTiO3 microparticles within different types of fiber-reinforced composites enabling passive self-sensing to attain subsurface damage characterization.
Epidemiological investigation of a food-borne outbreak in a kindergarten, Jeju Province, Korea

OBJECTIVES On Monday, September 6, 2021, at a kindergarten in Jeju Province, a large number of children vomited and developed food poisoning symptoms, and this necessitated an epidemiological investigation. METHODS The team surveyed symptoms and food intake history of kindergarten children, teachers, and workers who ate lunch between September 2 (Thursday) and September 6 (Monday), excluding weekends. In addition to rectal swabs, environmental samples from preserved foods, cooking utensils, drinking water, and refrigerator handles were collected. Pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) for genetic fingerprint analysis was also performed. RESULTS There were 19 cases among 176 subjects, which indicated an attack rate of 10.8%. The epidemic curve showed a unimodal shape, and the average incubation period was 2.6 hours. While no food was statistically significant in food intake history, the analysis of 35 rectal smear samples detected Bacillus cereus in 7 children, 4 teachers, and 1 cooking staff. Enterotoxins were also detected in 12 samples. Out of 38 environmental samples, B. cereus and enterotoxins were detected in the morning snack cereal, lunch bean sprouts, and afternoon snack steamed potatoes on Monday, September 6th. The result of the PFGE test on 10 isolates of B. cereus showed that there was no genetic homology. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated that this outbreak was simultaneously caused by various strains of B. cereus from the environment.
Study of myths and beliefs among the parents of a child with cleft lip and palate

ABSTRACT Aim: The aim of the study was the identification of predictors of psychology and beliefs among parents of children affected by cleft lip and cleft palate. Methods: The study included a sample of 157 parents of children having cleft lips and cleft palates. Parents were given a questionnaire related to their beliefs and reasons behind deformity. Results: Out of 157 participants, 90 were fathers, and 67 were mothers. The children with deformities included 105 boys and 52 girls. The majority of parents (43) believed that the eclipse was one of the reasons for the deformity and the other was God’s wrath for the mother’s sins. The time of birth was considered a factor for cleft lip and palate by 27 parents. The study revealed that the self-esteem of fathers was higher than mothers and they were more concerned of being undesirably judged by others due to deformity of their children than the mothers. Conclusion: It can be inferred that the parents of a child with cleft lip and palate differ in their psychosocial adjustments. Also, mothers experience more psychosocial problems than fathers. The superstitious beliefs still prevail in rural areas despite advanced medical facilities and awareness.
Effect of Nanomaterials on Gut Microbiota

Nanomaterials are widely employed in everyday life, including food and engineering. Food additives on a nanoscale can enter the body via the digestive tract. The human gut microbiota is a dynamically balanced ecosystem composed of a multitude of microorganisms that play a crucial role in maintaining the proper physiological function of the digestive tract and the body’s endocrine coordination. While the antibacterial capabilities of nanomaterials have received much interest in recent years, their impacts on gut microbiota ought to be cautioned about and explored. Nanomaterials exhibit good antibacterial capabilities in vitro. Animal studies have revealed that oral exposure to nanomaterials inhibits probiotic reproduction, stimulates the inflammatory response of the gut immune system, increases opportunistic infections, and changes the composition and structure of the gut microbiota. This article provides an overview of the impacts of nanomaterials, particularly titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs), on the gut microbiota. It advances nanomaterial safety research and offers a scientific foundation for the prevention, control, and treatment of illnesses associated with gut microbiota abnormalities.
Rustrela Virus as Putative Cause of Nonsuppurative Meningoencephalitis in Lions

Retrospective investigation of archived tissue samples from 3 lions displaying nonsuppurative meningoencephalitis and vasculitis led to the detection of rustrela virus (RusV). We confirmed RusV antigen and RNA in cortical neurons, axons, astrocytes and Purkinje cells by reverse transcription quantitative PCR, immunohistochemistry, and in situ hybridization.
Une nouvelle approche modulaire pour l'analyse d'assemblages de structures tridimensionnelles

Ce travail presente une approche modulaire bien adaptee a l'analyse de situations complexes d'assemblages de structures elastiques. L'approche CONTRAST (CONtact TRidimensionnel dans les Assemblages en STatique) prend facilement en compte les non-linearites locales dues au contact ou a des elements technologiques particuliers (joints elastomeres, boulons fortement precontraints,.). Elle est basee sur une decomposition de l'assemblage en sous-structures et interfaces, qui sont des entites mecaniques a part entiere avec leurs propres equations et leurs propres inconnues. Les interfaces jouent un role majeur en modelisant simplement les non-linearites locales. Le schema iteratif de resolution est issu de la methode a grand increment de temps (LATIN method). L'approche CONTRAST est ainsi basee sur une formulation et une strategie paralleles. Ce parallelisme est avant tout utilise pour introduire flexibilite et modularite dans la definition du probleme et autorise l'utilisation de maillages incompatibles sur les interfaces. Il permet aussi une reduction des couts de calcul par rapport aux techniques elements finis classiques. Des comparaisons avec un code de calcul industriel valident le traitement des problemes de contact et de frottement. Des exemples d'assemblages industriels presentent les possibilites de l'approche ainsi que son comportement sur calculateur parallele
Distribution of CO in the Milky Way

The interstellar medium is essentially composed of hydrogen, either in atomic or molecular form. The 2 1 -cm line of atomic hydrogen H I, dis­ covered in interstellar space in 1951 (Ewen & Purcell 1951, confirmed by Muller & Oort 1951 and by Pawsey 1 95 1), was for two decades the principal tool used to study the interstellar medium and its large-scale distribution in the Milky Way (surveys of Muller & Westerhout in The Netherlands 1 957, Kerr et al in Australia 1959). Two big advantages of using the 2 1 cm line are the transparency o f the Galaxy t o radio wavelengths (unlike optical) and the ubiquity of cold atomic gas in the Galaxy. As for the molecular hydrogen, it remained unexplored until 1970, when it was directly observed in UV absorption lines (Carruthers 1970). The CO 2.6mm line was first detected with the Kitt Peak II-m telescope of NRAO (Wilson et al 1 970). Since then, the CO(I-O) line has played the same role for the molecular component as the H I 2 1 -cm line did in the earlier exploration of the atomic component of the interstellar medium (ISM) in galaxies. Because the symmetric H2 molecule does not radiate in the radio range, the asymmetric CO molecule-the most abundant molecule after H2-provides a superior tracer of H2 in galaxies. This is because, in the cold ISM, the CO molecule is excited to the first rotational level by collisions with H2 molecules; the dipole moment of the J = 1 -0 first
Incidence and Risk Factors for Extremity Osteoradionecrosis after Limb-Sparing Surgery and Adjuvant Radiotherapy

Simple Summary This study investigated osteoradionecrosis (ORN), a complication after radiotherapy, in 198 patients with extremity soft tissue sarcoma (STS). The incidence rate of extremity ORN was 3.5%, mostly located in lower extremities. Clinical presentations included chronic ulcers, soft tissue necrosis, sinus discharge, bone nonunion, and pathological fractures. The ORN group had a significantly higher total radiation dose and greater use of intraoperative periosteal stripping. Repeat surgeries and subsequent soft tissue reconstruction or limb amputation were performed as treatments. Careful surveillance should be taken to manage the risk of ORN in extremity STS patients. Abstract Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) is a major complication after radiotherapy. Most studies on ORN have focused on patients with mandibular lesions, with few studies including patients with extremity soft tissue sarcoma (STS). We included 198 patients with extremity STS who underwent limb-sparing surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy between 2004 and 2017. The incidence rate of extremity ORN was 3.5% (7/198), with most lesions (6/7) located in the lower extremities. The mean follow-up time was 62 months. Clinical presentations included chronic ulcers, soft tissue necrosis, sinus discharge, bone nonunion, and pathological fractures. Compared with the non-ORN group, the ORN group had a significantly higher total radiation dose (68 Gy vs. 64 Gy, p = 0.048) and greater use of intraoperative periosteal stripping (p = 0.008). Repeat surgeries and subsequent soft tissue reconstruction or limb amputation were performed as treatments. The risk and management of ORN in patients with extremity STS was ignored previously. Because the disease is complex and affects both clinicians and patients, careful surveillance should be undertaken.
Finite difference modeling of heat diffusion on diffusion-limited aggregation generated fractal structures

Fractal structures are characterized by the self-similarity they exhibit at different length scales. This self-similarity can be characterized using a measure called the fractal dimension, which quantifies the complexity by the ratio of the change in geometry by the change in scale. This measure is used to describe these geometries mathematically by employing fractal order differential operators related to the structure’s fractal dimension. Fractal structures arise remarkably frequently in nature; some examples include snowflakes, lightning and blood vessels. In field-coupled intelligent materials, complex multi-scale material structures exhibit the same self-similar properties of fractals and therefore it is useful to model these structures in a fractal mathematical framework to better understand their behavior. Diffusion-limited aggregation (DLA) is an iterative process that produces a two-dimensional fractal structure, whereby particles undergo a random walk and cluster together to form larger structures of particles. The structures produced using this process can be observed in many natural systems such as electrodeposition and dielectric breakdown. A finite difference model was developed to simulate heat diffusion on different DLA structures with varying fractal dimension. The effect of the structure’s fractal dimension on the rate of heat transfer across the structure was analyzed.
Introduction to the special issue emergence of speech and language from prediction error: error-driven language models

ABSTRACT Last year, 2022, marked the 50th anniversary of the Rescorla-Wagner learning equations – a landmark in the development of learning theory. Originally based on animal learning, the equations and error-driven learning models as a whole were rapidly adopted and applied in several areas of human psychology. While language acquisition research initially took a different path, interest in the role of error-driven learning in language is growing. With the aim of strengthening this emerging research field, sparking discussion and cross-fertilisation of ideas across linguistics, psychology and cognate fields, this Special Issue presents nine papers that address the role of error-driven learning in language. The papers investigate a wide range of subfields of linguistics, and include two review articles, in addition to computational modelling and experimental research. The collection thus serves both as an introduction for those new to the subject and as an overview for those already working in the field.
Constraining the complex refractive index of black carbon particles using the complex forward-scattering amplitude

Abstract Black carbon is the largest contributor to global aerosol’s shortwave absorption in the current atmosphere and is an important positive climate forcer. The complex refractive index, m = m r + im i, the primary determinant of the absorbed and scattered energies of incident radiation per unit volume of particulate material, has not been accurately known for atmospheric black carbon material. An accurate value at visible wavelengths has been difficult to obtain due to the black carbon’s wavelength-scale irregularity and variability of aggregate shape, distribution in particle size, and mixing with other aerosol compounds. Here, we present a method to constrain a plausible (m r, m i) domain for black carbon from the observed distribution of the complex forward-scattering amplitude S(0°). This approach suppresses the biases due to the above-mentioned complexities. The S(0°) distribution of black carbon is acquired by performing single particle S(0°) measurements in a water medium after collecting atmospheric aerosols into water. We demonstrate the method operating at λ = 0.633 μm for constraining the refractive index of black carbon aerosols in the north-western Pacific boundary layer. From the plausible (m r, m i) domain consistent with the observed S(0°) distributions and the reported range of mass absorption cross-section, we conservatively select 1.95 + 0.96i as a recommendable value of the refractive index for uncoated black carbon at visible wavelengths. The recommendable value is 0.17 larger in m i than the widely used value 1.95 + 0.79i in current aerosol-climate models, implying a ∼16% underestimate of shortwave absorption by black carbon aerosols in current climate simulations.
A Feasibility Study towards the On-Line Quality Assessment of Pesto Sauce Production by NIR and Chemometrics

The food industry needs tools to improve the efficiency of their production processes by minimizing waste, detecting timely potential process issues, as well as reducing the efforts and workforce devoted to laboratory analysis while, at the same time, maintaining high-quality standards of products. This can be achieved by developing on-line monitoring systems and models. The present work presents a feasibility study toward establishing the on-line monitoring of a pesto sauce production process by means of NIR spectroscopy and chemometric tools. The spectra of an intermediate product were acquired on-line and continuously by a NIR probe installed directly on the process line. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used both to perform an exploratory data analysis and to build Multivariate Statistical Process Control (MSPC) charts. Moreover, Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression was employed to compute real time prediction models for two different pesto quality parameters, namely, consistency and total lipids content. PCA highlighted some differences related to the origin of basil plants, the main pesto ingredient, such as plant age and supplier. MSPC charts were able to detect production stops/restarts. Finally, it was possible to obtain a rough estimation of the quality of some properties in the early production stage through PLS.