Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessing the Habitability of the TRAPPIST-1 System Using a 3D Climate Model

The TRAPPIST-1 system provides an extraordinary opportunity to study multiple terrestrial extrasolar planets and their atmospheres. Here, we use the National Center for Atmospheric Research Community Atmosphere Model version 4 to study the possible climate and habitability of the planets in the TRAPPIST-1 system. We assume the worlds are ocean-covered, with atmospheres composed of N2, CO2, and H2O, and with orbital and geophysical properties defined from observation. Model results indicate that the inner three planets (b, c, and d) presently reside interior to the inner edge of the traditional liquid water habitable zone. Thus, if water ever existed on the inner planets, they would have undergone a runaway greenhouse and lost their water to space, leaving them dry today. Conversely, the outer three planets (f, g, and h) fall beyond the maximum CO2 greenhouse outer edge of the habitable zone. Model results indicate that the outer planets cannot be warmed, despite having as much as 30 bar CO2 atmospheres, instead entering a snowball state. The middle planet (e) represents the best chance for a presently habitable ocean-covered world in the TRAPPIST-1 system. Planet e can maintain at least some habitable surface area with 0–2 bar CO2, depending on the background N2 content. Near-present-day Earth surface temperatures can be maintained for an ocean-covered planet e with either 1 bar N2 + 0.4 bar CO2, or a 1.3 bar pure CO2 atmosphere.
Thromboinflammation: Dynamik physiologischer und pathologischer Wechselwirkungen von Entzündung und Koagulation

Zusammenfassung Das konzertante Zusammenspiel zwischen endothelialer Dysfuntion, aktivierten Thrombozyten und anderen Immunzellen sowie simultaner Komplementaktivierung führt zur Aktivierung und gegenseitigen Verstärkung sowohl der Immunantwort als auch der Gerinnungskaskade. Durch die unkontrollierte Fortdauer dieser physiologischen Mechanismen kann der pathologische Prozess der Thromboinflammation induziert werden. In dieser Übersichtsarbeit fassen wir grundlegende Mechanismen zusammen, die zur Thromboinflammation als ein Auslöser von venösen Thromboembolien führen.
Turbulence signatures of natural river morphology in four dimensions

Turbulent flow in natural river channels drives geophysical processes and exerts a fundamental influence on aquatic biota. An extensive range of turbulence properties have previously been synthesized into four categories or “dimensions” with ecological relevance: intensity, periodicity, orientation and scale (IPOS). We apply this framework across three rivers with differing morphologies in order to assess the statistical coherence of the four IPOS categories within turbulence field data and their utility in discriminating between fundamental units of river habitat. Intensity, periodicity‐scale and orientation were identified as the key gradients in the turbulence data set using multivariate analysis. These gradients all revealed statistically significant differences between rivers and/or geomorphic units. The intensity gradient accounted for the highest variance and most pronounced inter‐reach differences, but the periodicity‐scale and orientation gradients were also useful in distinguishing between certain combinations of rivers and/or geomorphic units. Different turbulence gradients, or combinations of gradients, were important in characterizing differences between rivers and geomorphic units (riffes, pools, steps). The gradients provided improved prediction of geomorphic units compared to standard hydraulic variables (mean velocity, depth), although the extent of improvement in prediction varied between river morphologies. The analysis reveals the statistical coherence of the four categories or “dimensions” of turbulence in multivariate space, connects the ecologically defined IPOS categories of turbulence properties with river types and fundamental units of river habitat (geomorphic units). Turbulence signatures of natural channel morphology are expressed across all four dimensions of turbulence, providing clear evidence that these four dimensions should be routinely considered in ecohydraulics and hydromorphology research to facilitate a full understanding hydraulic habitat.
Polarization of the first-hour macronovae

Macronovae (or kilonovae) are the optical and NIR counterparts of binary neutron star mergers. While the macronova in GW170817 was detected about 10 hours after the GW detection, future observations can possibly detect them within the first hour after the merger. Early- time macronovae are potentially powered by some mechanisms such as the beta-decay heating of the surviving free neutrons. In this paper, we propose that the polarimetric observation can be a useful tool to study the early macronova emissions. If free nucleons remain in the outermost layer of the ejecta, the electron scattering produces a larger polarization than that by the r-process element-rich ejecta. The degree of polarization can show a large value of $\sim3\%$ for the first $0.3-1$ hour for the free nucleon mass of $10^{-5}-10^{-4}\,M_{\odot}$. Quick polarimetric observations enable us to study not only the aspherical morphology of the ejecta but also the amount of the free nucleons in the ejecta, which is helpful to discriminate the emission mechanisms of the early macronovae.
Effect of Grinding Process Parameters and Storage Time on Extraction of Antioxidants from Ginger and Nutmeg

The aim of this study was to optimize the grinding process parameters (mesh size of grinder sieve (X1), the peripheral velocity of the grinding wheels (X2)), and the storage time (X3) of ground ginger rhizome and nutmeg to obtain ethanol and ethanol-water extracts with improved antioxidant properties. The optimal conditions were estimated using response surface methodology (RSM) based on a three-variable Box–Behnken design (BBD) in order to maximize the antioxidant capacity (AC) determined by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) methods, and the total phenolic content (TPC) was determined by the Folin–Ciocalteu (F–C) method in spice extracts. Additionally, the phenolic acid profiles in extracts from optimized conditions were analyzed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). It was found that the optimal preparation conditions for antioxidant extraction were dependent on the spice source and solvent type. The best antioxidant properties in nutmeg extracts were achieved for X1 = 1.0 mm, X2 = 40–41 Hz and X3 = 7 days, whereas the optimized parameters for ginger extracts were more varied (1.0–2.0 mm, 43–50 Hz and 1–9 days, respectively). The ginger extracts contained 1.5–1.8 times more phenolic acids, and vanillic, ferulic, gallic, and p-OH-benzoic acids were dominant. In contrast, the nutmeg extracts were rich in protocatechuic, vanillic, and ferulic acids.
Nuclear Membrane Protein SUN5 Is Highly Expressed and Promotes Proliferation and Migration in Colorectal Cancer by Regulating the ERK Pathway

Simple Summary Globally, colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors, and the SUN protein family regulates the proliferation and migration of tumors. However, the biological function and mechanism of SUN5 in CRC are unclear. In this study, we found that SUN5 was highly expressed in CRC tissues and cells. Moreover, SUN5 promoted the proliferation and migration of CRC both in vitro and in vivo by cooperating with Nesprin2 to regulate the ERK pathway and interacting with Nup93 to promote the nuclear translocation of phosphorylated ERK1/2. Taken together, our findings provide novel insight into the role of SUN5 in CRC progression and imply that SUN5 might be a biomarker and therapeutic target for CRC patients. Abstract SUN5 was first identified as a nuclear envelope protein involved in spermatocyte division. We found that SUN5 was highly expressed in some cancers, but its function and mechanism in cancer development remain unclear. In the present study, we demonstrated that SUN5 was highly expressed in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues and cells, as indicated by bioinformatics analysis, and SUN5 promoted cell proliferation and migration in vitro. Moreover, the overexpression of SUN5 upregulated phosphorylated ERK1/2 (pERK1/2), whereas the knockdown of SUN5 yielded the opposite results. PD0325901 decreased the level of pERK1/2 to inhibit cell proliferation and migration, which was partially reversed by SUN5 overexpression, indicating that drug resistance existed in patients with high SUN5 expression. The xenograft transplantation experiment showed that SUN5 accelerated tumor formation in vivo. Furthermore, we found that SUN5 regulated the ERK pathway via Nesprin2 mediation and promoted the nuclear translocation of pERK1/2 by interacting with Nup93. Thus, these findings indicated that highly expressed SUN5 promoted CRC proliferation and migration by regulating the ERK pathway, which may contribute to the clinical diagnosis and new treatment strategies for CRC.
Progressive Trends in Hybrid Material-Based Chemiresistive Sensors for Nitroaromatic Compounds

In the last decades, development of hybrid materials, especially inorganic–organic materials, coordination polymers, conducting polymers, carbon materials, and many more, has produced breakthroughs in diverse applications. Various advance materials have been reported in the literature using metal organic frameworks (MOFs), which compensate for the limitations of sensors. Diverse combinations of HMs not only offer excellent features, but also give a ray of hope for unprecedented advances in materials in different research areas, such as sensing, energy storage, catalysis, non-linear optics, drug-delivery systems, gas storage, etc. Chemiresistor sensors are a core enabling sensor technology and have led to much progress in the field of material science. Here, we have reviewed the recent progress in chemiresistive sensors based on HMs for nitroaromatic compounds, which could be beneficial for researchers that explore this field further. We have put emphasis on sensing mechanisms and the performance of diverse HMs for nitroaromatic sensing applications including pesticides, pollutants, explosives, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and persistent organic pollutants (POPs). In the end, we explored opportunities, challenges, and future perspectives in this emerging field.
Origin of the enhanced space-charge-limited current in poly( p -phenylene vinylene)

It is demonstrated that the enhancement of the space-charge-limited (SCL) hole current of poly($p$-phenylene vinylene) (PPV) derivatives at high bias at room temperature is due to the carrier density dependence of the hole mobility. Contrary to numerous reports the dependence of the mobility on the electric field is only observed at low temperatures. Analysis of the hole transport without taking into account the charge carrier density dependence of the mobility leads to an incorrect charge carrier and electric field distributions in organic light-emitting diodes.
Quantum impurity entanglement

Entanglement in J1–J2, S = 1/2 quantum spin chains with an impurity is studied using analytic methods as well as large scale numerical density matrix renormalization group methods. The entanglement is investigated in terms of the von Neumann entropy, S = −TrρAlogρA, for a subsystem A of size r of the chain. The impurity contribution to the uniform part of the entanglement entropy, Simp, is defined and analysed in detail in both the gapless, J2≤J2c, as well as the dimerized phase, J2>J2c, of the model. This quantum impurity model is in the universality class of the single channel Kondo model and it is shown that in a quite universal way the presence of the impurity in the gapless phase, J2≤J2c, gives rise to a large length scale, ξK, associated with the screening of the impurity, the size of the Kondo screening cloud. The universality of Kondo physics then implies scaling of the form Simp(r/ξK,r/R) for a system of size R. Numerical results are presented clearly demonstrating this scaling. At the critical point, J2c, an analytic approach based on a Fermi liquid picture, valid at distances and energy scales , is developed and analytic results at T = 0 are obtained showing Simp = πξK[1+π(1−r/R)cot(πr/R)]/(12R) for finite R. For T>0, in the thermodynamic limit, we find Simp = [π2ξKT/(6v)]coth(2πrT/v), with v the spin-wave velocity. In the dimerized phase an appealing picture of the entanglement is developed in terms of a thin soliton (TS) ansatz and the notions of impurity valence bonds (IVB) and single particle entanglement (SPE) are introduced. The TS-ansatz permits a variational calculation of the complete entanglement in the dimerized phase that appears to be exact in the thermodynamic limit at the Majumdar–Ghosh point, J2 = J1/2, and surprisingly precise even close to the critical point J2c. In the appendices the TS-ansatz is further used to calculate and with high precision at the Majumdar–Ghosh point and the relation between the finite temperature entanglement entropy, S(T), and the thermal entropy, Sth(T), is discussed. Finally, the alternating part of Simp is discussed, together with its relation to the boundary induced dimerization.
Thermodynamics of Charged Kalb Ramond AdS black hole in presence of Gauss-Bonnet coupling

We study the role of the Gauss-Bonnet corrections to the gravity action on the charged AdS black hole in presence of rank 3 antisymmetric Kalb Ramond tensor field strength. Analyzing the branch singularity and the killing horizon, we explicitly derive various thermodynamic parameters and study their behaviour in presence of five dimensional Gauss-Bonnet coupling in AdS space-time. The possibility of a second order phase transition is explored in the light of AdS/CMT correspondence and various critical exponents associated with the discontinuities of the various thermodynamic parameters are determined. We further comment on the universality of the well known Rushbrooke Josephson scaling law and derive a relation between the degree of homogeneity appearing in various free energies and the critical exponents by homogeneous hypothesis test. By making use of the constraints appearing from Hawking temperature and Gauss-Bonnet extended gravity version of Kubo formula we introduce a bound on the five dimensional Gauss-Bonnet coupling and the viscosity entropy ratio in the four dimensional holographic Conformal Field Theory (CFT) dual. This yields a fractional deviation in viscosity entropy ratio from the result obtained from Einstein gravity.
A1 and A2 milk caseins-comparative FTIR and spectroflourimetry analysis

Around 35% of the total caseins are Î²-caseins, which are further classified as A1 Î²-caseins and A2 Î²-caseins, based on differences in the amino acid composition of both. A2 is the wild type genetic variant of Î²-casein while A1 is the mutant. The present study aimed at the isolation of A1 and A2 casein from different cow milk sources and its characterization by using simple chemical techniques, viz. FTIR and spectrofluorimetry. The commercial milk sample from Bos indicus (Gir) (A2) was obtained from Bombay Panjrapole, Mumbai and two commercially available packaged cow milk samples (pasteurized, skimmed) namely from Gokul and Mother Dairy (A1) were also obtained for comparison analysis from the local market. The isolation of casein was performed by standard method and analyzed using SDS-PAGE, FTIR and spectrofluorimetry. There was evidence that the A2 milk lacked histidine and rich in aromatic amino acids like tryptophan using FTIR and spectrofluorimetry techniques.
New complex variables for equations of ideal barotropic fluid

We propose new construction of dependent variables for equations of an ideal barotropic ﬂuid. This construction is based on a direct generalization of the known connection between Schroedinger equation and a system of Euler-type equations. The system for two complex-valued functions is derived that is equivalent to Euler equations. Possible advantages of the proposed formulation are discussed.
MARITAL ADJUSTMENT, GENDER ROLE PARTNERSHIPS, AND MARITAL SATISFACTION DURING COVID-19

During the Covid-19 pandemic, orders to work and study from home became a problem for families in Indonesia. Marital adjustment and gender role partnerships in the household must be well established to create marital satisfaction so that there is no conflict in the family. This study analyzes the factors influencing marital satisfaction in intact families during the Covid-19 pandemic. Respondents in this study are wives from intact families who have children and are domiciled in the city of Bogor. The sampling technique used non-probability purposive sampling with several samples of as many as 128 people. The data was processed using descriptive and inferential tests and multiple linear regression using SPSS 25 and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using SmartPLS 3.0. The correlation test results showed a positive correlation between marital adjustment, gender role partnerships, and marital satisfaction. The results of the linear regression test showed that the husband's income had a significant positive effect on marital satisfaction. Correlation tests, linear regression test results, and SEM showed that marital adjustment and gender role partnerships significantly positively affected marital satisfaction. There is an indirect effect between marital adjustment and marital satisfaction with gender role partnership mediators.
Millennial Variability in Intermediate Ocean Circulation and Indian Monsoonal Weathering Inputs During the Last Deglaciation and Holocene

The relationship between ocean circulation and monsoon systems over orbital to sub‐millennial timescales is a crucial but poorly constrained component of the climate system. Here, using foraminiferal and detrital neodymium (Nd) isotope records from the intermediate‐depth northern Indian Ocean, we provide new evidence revealing that both monsoon‐driven weathering inputs and water mass advection from the Southern Ocean influenced past seawater Nd isotope changes in this region. Our results suggest that Indian Summer Monsoon weakening coincided with enhanced northward Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW) advection during the last deglaciation, reflecting a strong interhemispheric coupling. In contrast, the Early Holocene was characterized by enhanced monsoon strength but persistently strong AAIW inflow, indicating a relationship in the opposite sense. These differing interhemispheric relationships indicate asynchronous changes in the global atmosphere—ocean—climate system, and may represent a previously unrecognized component of the ocean‐atmosphere reorganization during the deglacial to Holocene transition.
Nonanalytic corrections to Fermi-liquid behavior in helimagnets

The Goldstone mode in the ordered phase of itinerant helimagnets, such as MnSi or FeGe, is determined and shown to have a strongly anisotropic dispersion relation. The softness of this mode is, in a well-defined sense, in between that of ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic magnons, respectively. It is shown that this soft mode leads to nonanalytic corrections to Fermi-liquid behavior, with a $T$ contribution to the specific heat coefficient, and a ${T\phantom{\rule{0.1em}{0ex}}}^{5∕2}$ contribution to the resistivity. The quasiparticle inelastic lifetime shows anisotropic behavior in momentum space.
Artificial Intelligence, the Evolution of the Healthcare Value Chain, and the Future of the Physician

Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming production across all sectors of the economy, with the potential to both complement and substitute for traditional labor inputs. Healthcare is no exception. Dozens of recent academic studies demonstrate that AI can contribute to the healthcare value chain, by improving both diagnostic accuracy and treatment recommendations. In these ways, AI may wither complement or substitute for physicians. We argue that AI represents the culmination of decades of efforts to enhance medical decision making. Using an historical lens that considers long-standing institutional features of healthcare markets, we identify numerous obstacles to the implementation of AI in medical care, and identify which specialties are most at risk for substitution by AI. We
Motivasi Bersepeda dan Kriteria Fasilitas Sepeda di Tempat Kerja

: Cycling to work has many benefits for both workers and companies, but the current bicycle facilities tend to be unplanned or not designed properly. Well-designed bicycle facilities in office buildings are needed along with the increasing number of commuting bike users in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to formulate the criteria needed by bicycle users in the construction of end-trip bicycle facilities in office buildings. This study uses a qualitative exploratory approach. The data was collected through an online questionnaire in the form of open-ended and closed-ended questions. From the data that has been collected, it is possible to identify driving and deterrent factors affecting people for cycling to work. This study found five criteria for bicycle facilities, namely, security and safety, availability of infrastructure, weather protection, comfort, and accessibility. The five criteria can be applied when planning and designing bicycle facilities in an office building according to the perceptions and preferences of the users.
Predictive power of strong coupling in theories with large distance modified gravity

We consider theories that modify gravity at cosmological distances, and show that any such theory must exhibit a strong coupling phenomenon, or else it is either inconsistent or is already ruled out by solar system observations. We show that all the ghost-free theories that modify dynamics of spin-2 graviton on asymptotically flat backgrounds, automatically have this property. Due to the strong coupling effect, modification of the gravitational force is source-dependent, and for lighter sources sets in at shorter distances. This universal feature makes modified gravity theories predictive and potentially testable not only by cosmological observations, but also by precision gravitational measurements at scales much shorter than the current cosmological horizon.
UNIT-CELL DIMENSIONS, OPTICAL PROPERTIES, HALOGEN CONCENTRATIONS IN SEVERAL NATURAL APATITES

Unit cell dimensions, optical properties, and halogen and carbonate concentrations were determined for seven samples of natural apatite. The OHconcentrations (determined by difference) were relatively constant for all samples, but CO32-, Cland Fvaried. The three types of apatite studied were high carbonateffluorfhydroxy-apatite, high fluor fhydroxy-apatite, and chlorfhydroxy-apatite. The unit cell parameters o and c, as well as the unit-cell volume (tr/), are sufficient to discriminate among the three types studied. Some carbonate substituted for phosphate in all samples. The isotopic composition of the carbonate reflects the origin of the apatite: the pegmatitic samples (relatively hightemperature origin) being much lighter in OrE than the sedimentary phosphate rock.