Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Change Detection of Amazonian Alluvial Gold Mining Using Deep Learning and Sentinel-2 Imagery

Monitoring changes within the land surface and open water bodies is critical for natural resource management, conservation, and environmental policy. While the use of satellite imagery for these purposes is common, fine-scale change detection can be a technical challenge. Difficulties arise from variable atmospheric conditions and the problem of assigning pixels to individual objects. We examined the degree to which two machine learning approaches can better characterize change detection in the context of a current conservation challenge, artisanal small-scale gold mining (ASGM). We obtained Sentinel-2 imagery and consulted with domain experts to construct an open-source labeled land-cover change dataset. The focus of this dataset is the Madre de Dios (MDD) region in Peru, a hotspot of ASGM activity. We also generated datasets of active ASGM areas in other countries (Venezuela, Indonesia, and Myanmar) for out-of-sample testing. With these labeled data, we utilized a supervised (E-ReCNN) and semi-supervised (SVM-STV) approach to study binary and multi-class change within mining ponds in the MDD region. Additionally, we tested how the inclusion of multiple channels, histogram matching, and La*b* color metrics improved the performance of the models and reduced the influence of atmospheric effects. Empirical results show that the supervised E-ReCNN method on 6-Channel histogram-matched images generated the most accurate detection of change not only in the focal region (Kappa: 0.92 (± 0.04), Jaccard: 0.88 (± 0.07), F1: 0.88 (± 0.05)) but also in the out-of-sample prediction regions (Kappa: 0.90 (± 0.03), Jaccard: 0.84 (± 0.04), and F1: 0.77 (± 0.04)). While semi-supervised methods did not perform as accurately on 6- or 10-channel imagery, histogram matching and the inclusion of La*b* metrics generated accurate results with low memory and resource costs. These results show that E-ReCNN is capable of accurately detecting specific and object-oriented environmental changes related to ASGM. E-ReCNN is scalable to areas outside the focal area and is a method of change detection that can be extended to other forms of land-use modification.
The significance of integrated marketing communication techniques in the 21st century marketplace

Janice D'Amico Nee THE SIGNIFICANCE OF INTEGRATED MARKETING COMMUNICATION IN THE 21st CENTURY MARKETPLACE 2003/2004 Advisor: Dr. Don Bagin Program: Master of Arts in Public Relations The primary purpose of this study was to examine integrated marketing communication techniques used to develop successful apparel brands. This author researched existing data and explored the IMC development of three successful brand apparel companies: Nike, Ralph Lauren Polo, and Tommy Hilfiger. The study included the process of building brand identity, including the tenets of brand management and the symbolic process, as well as the significance of brand equity and architecture. This author conducted a pen and paper quantitative survey to a random sampling of 50 Cumberland County College undergraduate students concerning the influential factors in their choice of brand selection. The data was categorized and tabulated in percentages by age into two groups, 18-25 and 26+. This author conducted two focus groups consisting of 10 students from the 18-25 age group and 10 students from the 26+ age group. The quantitative and qualitative results indicated that the respondents were very influenced by integrated brand marketing techniques in the selection of apparel items.
From Mining to Post-Mining: The Sustainable Development Strategy of the German Hard Coal Mining Industry

By the end of the 1950s, the German coal mining industry produced 150 million tons of hard coal per year in 170 collieries with 600,000 employees. At that time, 70% of the primary energy demand of the Federal Republic of Germany was covered by domestic coal. Since the advance of oil, later of natural gas, in the world energy market and with the growth of world coal trade, domestic coal stood under a long-term restructuring pressure. This decision required a new strategy for the coal mining industry. Now German coal mining will be strictly finalized and will be prepared for the post-mining era. Within a sustainability strategy the long-term impacts of mining activities before and after the mine closures concerning the environmental, economic and social dimensions will be analyzed systematically and forward-looking.
Miniaturization of Circuit Packaging of an Accelerometer Heart Monitoring Device

Continuous monitoring heart activity based on implantable accelerometer devices have been demonstrated as efficient method that could provide higher sensitivity and specificity than the conventional electrocardiography (ECG) method. The method can be specified for detection of ischemia on patient who has undergone Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) surgery. The current implantable accelerometer devices are sutured to the heart surface and have to be removed before closing the patient’s chest since the device dimension is not suitable for closed chest implantation. According to a surgical point of view, a heart muscle implantable accelerometer device can properly present the heart motion without interfering with surrounding organs. The device can be suitable for both intraoperative and postoperative monitoring procedures. However, the heart muscle implantation requires miniaturization of the device to provide minimal tissue trauma and simple implantation procedure. This study focuses on development of a MEMSbased 3-axis heart muscle implantable accelerometer device. The device is to be implanted into the heart muscle, remain in place after the thorax is closed, and be pulled out though an opening in chest wall after a few days when the intensive care is no longer needed. Five different versions of the heart muscle implantable accelerometer device were proposed and developed with regards to the prerequisites for the heart implantable medical devices including the regulatory compliances, and the clinical demands and the requirements of device components. These devices were categorised into two main groups built on two different commercial accelerometer sensors. In comparison to the earlier implantable accelerometer device, the dimensions of these five versions were significantly reduced in this study. The overall diameter of earlier device was 11 mm which was far different from the 3.2 mm diameter of the first version device and 2.0 mm diameter of the fifth version. A novel structure of heart muscle implantable accelerometer device was first conducted in the second version device which has been able to corporate with
A DUAL-BAND HIGH-GAIN SUBSTRATE INTEGRATED WAVEGUIDE SLOT ANTENNA FOR 5G APPLICATION

|In this paper, the authors propose a small substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) slot antenna for future (cid:12)fth generation (5G) communication systems. It works at 28 and 38 GHz. The proposed geometry consists of horizontal and vertical vias as well as a central circular ring. The cut slots in the etched center circular ring create a signi(cid:12)cant capacitive loading eﬀect, lowering the lower resonating mode. Further, the introduced circular ring slot resonates on TE 101 and TE 102 modes at 28 and 38 GHz, respectively. The measured impedance bandwidths are 27.77{28.02 GHz and 37.99{ 38.10 GHz. Peak gains in the lower and upper bands are measured to be 6.96{7.15 dBi and 8.10{8.22 dBi, respectively. At 28 and 38 GHz, the observed half-power beam-widths (HPBWs) are 74 : 5 ◦ and 79 : 2 ◦ , respectively. Considering these performance results, such as single-layer dual-bands, high gain, small size, and good radiation eﬃciency, the designed SIW slot antenna is suitable for future millimeter-wave 5G applications.
Preparation, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Activity of Polyaniline and Fe2O3/Polyaniline Composite Nanoparticle

An oxidative polymerization approach was used to create polyaniline (PANI) and Fe2O3 /PANI nanoparticle combination. Various characterization approaches were used to investigate the structural, morphological, and Fe2O3 /PANI nanoparticle structures. The findings support the synthesis of polycrystalline nanoparticle PANI and Fe2O3 /PANI spherical nanoparticle composites. Gram-positive bacteria are tested for antibacterial activity. Various quantities of Nanoparticles of PANI and Fe2O3 /PANI nanoparticle composites were used to test Staph-aureus and gram-negative bacteria, E-coli, and candida species. PANI has antibacterial properties against all microorganisms tested. Fe2O3 /PANI nanoparticle composites, on the other hand, have higher antibacterial activity, as evidenced by the zone of inhibition. Bacterial inhibition zones are in S. aureus (positive), and E. coli are in good functioning order. With increasing concentrations of Fe2O3 /PANI nanoparticle composites, the inhibition zones of all bacteria are larger. Finally, the antimicrobial activity of Fe2O3 /PANI nanoparticle composite is characterized using a simplified mechanism based on electrostatic attraction. In this paper, a conductive polymer doped with iron nanoparticles was fabricated for the aim of testing it in the field of bacterial resistance.
A Novel PSO Based Fuzzy Controller for Robust Operation of Solid-State Transfer Switch and Fast Load Transfer in Power Systems

This paper proposes a novel particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm based fuzzy logic controller (FLC) for improving the performance of automatic solid-state transfer switch (SSTS) with respect to transfer time. The proposed technique generates adaptive membership functions (MFs) of voltage error and rate of change of voltage error for input and output based on the fitness function formulated by the PSO. An optimal PSO-based FLC (PSOF) fitness function is further employed to tune and minimize the mean absolute error (MAE) to improve the performance of the load transfer in a short duration. Results obtained from the proposed PSOF are compared with those obtained with the conventional FLC to validate the developed controller. It is observed that the proposed PSOF optimized controller can transfer the load faster than the conventional FLC controller. The accuracy of the developed PSOF is illustrated and investigated via simulation tests for SSTS in the IEEE 9-bus system. It can be concluded that the PSOF controller is better than the only fuzzy controller in all tested cases in terms of transfer time.
Former and contemporary threats to historic gardens

In this paper, the comparison of former and contemporary threats to the value of historic gardens has been carried out. The analysis was based upon the publication of Majdecki, dating back to the 80s and 90s of the 20th c. , being treated as a reference to the currently observed negative practices. In this article, verification of the earlier classification of phenomena, constituting a threat to the historic gardens, was suggested. Observations by the authors and scientific publications from the recent ten years have been adopted as the basis for conclusions and syntheses.
Challenges Of Modeling BotNets For Military And Security Simulations

Simulation environments serve many purposes, but they are only as good as their content. One of the most challenging and pressing areas that call for improved content is the simulation of bot armies (botnets) and their effects upon networks and computer systems. Botnets are a new type of malware, a type that is more powerful and potentially dangerous than any other type of malware. A botnet's power derives from several capabilities including the following: 1) the botnet's capability to be controlled and directed throughout all phases of its activity, 2) a command and control structure that grows increasingly sophisticated, and 3) the ability of a bot's software to be updated at any time by the owner of the bot (a person commonly called a bot master or bot herder.) Not only is a bot army powerful and agile in its technical capabilities, a bot army can be extremely large, can be comprised of tens of thousands, if not millions, of compromised computers that can surreptitiously communicate with each other and their command and control centers. In sum, these capabilities allow a bot army to execute technically sophisticated, difficult to trace, tactically agile, massive, coordinated attacks. Clearly, botnets pose a significant threat to all computing and network systems. To improve our understanding of their operation and potential, we believe that it is necessary to develop computer security simulations that accurately portray bot army activities, with the goal of including bot army simulations within military simulation environments. In this paper, we investigate issues that arise when simulating bot armies.
The 1997 Irrigation Suspension Program for the Edwards Aquifer: Evaluation and Alternatives

Rothe for help with the study and to Wayne Jordan for comments. Mention of a trademark or a proprietary product does not constitute a guarantee or a warranty of the product by the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other possible products that also may be suitable. All programs and information of the Texas Water Resources Institute and the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station are available to everyone regardless of socioeconomic level Early in 1997, the Edwards Aquifer Authority (EAA) implemented a pilot Irrigation Suspension Program (ISP) for the Edwards Aquifer (Aquifer) region in Texas that paid a group of farmers not to irrigate for the 1997 cropping season. The program was designed to raise aquifer levels, increase springflow, and provide municipalities with relief in critical drought periods. This report describes that program and analyzes its potential impacts: 1) providing background leading up to the decision to implement an ISP, 2) documents details of the pilot ISP, 3) estimates the effects of the program in terms of decreased pumping by irrigators; changes in crop mix, aquifer elevation, springflow and return flow; and impacts on the local economy, under prevailing and potential weather conditions, 4) presents results from a survey of ISP irrigators, and 5) briefly evaluates some alternative approaches.
Transcriptomic and Non-Targeted Metabolomic Analyses Reveal the Flavonoid Biosynthesis Pathway in Auricularia cornea

Flavonoids, which are abundant in plants, are recognized for their antioxidant and anticancer roles in clinical applications. However, little is known about the molecular basis of flavonoid biosynthesis in fungi. In this study, we found that inclusion of leachate of Korshinsk peashrub (Caragana korshinskii) in the fermentation medium increased the total flavonoid content of the edible fungus Auricularia cornea by 23.6% relative to that grown in a control medium. Combined transcriptomic and non-targeted metabolomic analysis of the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway in A. cornea illustrated that there are important metabolites in the phenylpropanoid, coumarin and isoflavonoid biosynthesis pathways. In addition, we found that certain homologous genes encode phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and chalcone isomerase (CHI) in these biosynthesis pathways. These results, in this study, provide a new line for studying the regulation of flavonoid production in edible fungi.
200 "C Operation of a 500 W DC-DC Converter Utilizing Power MOSFETs

This paper presents results from the operation of the power stage of a 500-W dc-dc converter at an ambient temperature of 200 C. This converter is designed to provide an output voltage of 42-Vdc from a 28-Vdc input. It utilizes an H-bridge configuration composed of eight International Rectifier power MOSFET's (parallel connections of two MOSFET's) and four Motorola diodes to convert the dc input voltage to a high- frequency square wave which can then be stepped up with a transformer. The transformer output voltage is then rectified and filtered to produce the dc output voltage. A phase-shifted pulsewidth modulation (PWM) switching scheme is utilized to control the MOSFET's in the H bridge. This scheme allows zero-voltage turn-on of the MOSFET's to improve the efficiency. The efficiency of this converter when operated on the labo- ratory bench was measured to be 89%. The H bridge and transformer were then placed in an oven and operated over an ambient temperature range of 20 C-200 C. The efficiency varied from 86.1% to 85.4% over this temperature range. The long feedthroughs for oven operation caused the efficiency to decrease from 89% to 86.1%.
Perbedaan Perkembangan Moral Ditinjau dari Jenis pola Asuh Orang Tua pada Remaja Kelas XI SMA Persatuan Kedungpring Lamongan

Abstract: The purpose of the present study was to find out moral development difference by considering the types of parenting style on adolescents of class XI SMA Persatuan Kedungpring Lamongan. Research data were obtained from (a) Defining Issues Test-2 contains 60 items with reliability coefficients 0,933 and (b) Scale of Parenting Style contains 35 items with reliability coefficients 0,929. The type of this research is descriptive comparative. The techniques on this research are descriptive analysis and one way anova. Based on results of the analysis of the obtained three conclusions, namely: (1) moral development of adolescents reaches stage 4 or sosial order orientation, (2) parenting style the most are neglectful and authoritative, and (3) there is difference moral development based on parenting style on adolescent. Keywords: moral development, parenting style, adolescent Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan perkembangan moral ditinjau dari pola asuh orang tua pada remaja kelas XI SMA Persatuan Kedungpring Lamongan. Data diperoleh melalui (a) Skala Defining Issues Test-2 yang berisi 60 butir aitem dengan reliabilitas sebesar 0,933 dan (b) Skala pola asuh orang tua yang berisi 35 butir aitem dengan reliabilitas sebesar 0,929. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif komparatif. Teknik analisis yang digunakan yaitu analisis deskriptif dan analisis varians satu jalur. Berdasarkan hasil analisis diperoleh 3 kesimpulan, yaitu (1) perkembangan moral remaja mencapai tahap 4 atau orientasi keteraturan dan otoritas, (2) pola asuh orang tua sebagian besar mengabaikan dan otoritatf, dan (3) ada perbedaan perkembangan moral remaja ditinjau dari jenis pola asuh orang tua. Kata kunci: perkembangan moral, pola asuh orang tua, remaja.
Application des polymères conducteurs en bioélectronique

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. Application des polymères conducteurs en bioélectronique Dion Khodagholy Araghy
Dielectrophoretic stretching of drops of silicone oil: Experiments and multi-physical modeling

It is shown experimentally that drops of two pure silicone oils of different viscosities on a polypropylene substrate do not react to the in-plane electric field. Pre-treatment of silicone oil in a humid atmosphere at 80% relative humidity enriches oil with water-related ions and results in subsequent drop slight stretching under the action of the in-plane electric field. These phenomena demonstrate that the original silicone oils do not contain a sufficient concentration of any ions and counter-ions for the appearance of any Coulomb force or Maxwell stresses, which would result in drop stretching. However, a stronger stretching of silicone oil drops on the polypropylene substrate subjected to the in-plane electric field was experimentally demonstrated when 5 wt. % of [Formula: see text] particles was suspended in oil. The particles behave as electric dipoles and, when subjected to a nonlinear symmetric electric field, experience dielectrophoretic force, which attracts them to both electrodes in air and oil. 3D simulations of the dielectrophoretically driven evolution of silicone oil drops laden with TiO2 particles also revealed a significant drop stretching in the inter-electrode direction in qualitative agreement with the experimental data. Still, numerical simulations predict an unbounded stretching with two tongues developing at the two drop sides. This prediction disagrees with the experiments where the dielectrophoretically driven stretching ceases and steady-state drop configurations without tongues are attained. This disagreement is probably related to the fact that in the experiments, [Formula: see text] particles settle onto the substrate and are subjected to significant additional friction forces, which could ultimately arrest them.
Identification and Somatic Characterization of the Germline PTEN Promoter Variant rs34149102 in a Family with Gastrointestinal and Breast Tumors

Genetic variants located in non-coding regions can affect processes that regulate protein expression, functionally contributing to human disease. Germline heterozygous mutations in the non-coding region of the PTEN gene have been previously identified in patients with PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome (PHTS) diagnosed with breast, thyroid, and/or endometrial cancer. In this study, we report a PTEN promoter variant (rs34149102 A allele) that was identified by direct sequencing in an Italian family with a history of gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma and breast cancer. In order to investigate the putative functional role of the rs34149102 A allele variant, we evaluated the status of PTEN alterations at the somatic level. We found that PTEN protein expression was absent in the GEJ adenocarcinoma tissue of the index case. Moreover, we detected the occurrence of copy number loss involving the PTEN rs34149102 major C allele in tumor tissue, revealing that the second allele was somatically inactivated. This variant is located within an active regulatory region of the PTEN core promoter, and in silico analysis suggests that it may affect the binding of the nuclear transcription factor MAZ and hence PTEN expression. Overall, these results reveal the functional role of the PTEN promoter rs34149102 A allele variant in the modulation of PTEN protein expression and highlight its contribution to hereditary cancer risk.