Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous measurement of refractive index and flow rate using graphene-coated optofluidic anti-resonant reflecting guidance

An anti-resonant reflecting guidance coated with a few layers of graphene has been proposed and experimentally demonstrated for the simultaneous measurement of the refractive index and liquid flow rate. A few layers of graphene were coated on the surface of a hollow core photonic crystal fibre. The refractive index and liquid flow rate can be detected by using the resonant condition of the Fabry–Perot resonator and the effective refractive index of the graphene layers heated by a visible laser beam, which are interrogated through the wavelength shift and visibility of the lossy dip in the transmission spectrum. The experimental results show that the sensitivity of up to 1328 nm/RIU and −2.99 dB/(µL/s) are achieved for the refractive index and flow rate measurement in the refractive index range from 1.345 to 1.363 RIU, respectively. The proposed sensor appears to have potential applications for precise measurement in chemistry, medicine, and biology.
Stabilization of DC‐link voltage in single‐phase AC/DC converter with power factor correction using predictive control algorithm

This paper proposes a power factor correction (PFC) method in a single‐phase AC/DC converter using a predictive control algorithm (PCA) through a boost DC/DC converter. The minimum value of the DC‐link capacitor has been evaluated on the DC distribution side for stable operation of the converter. The proposed technique can be applied to the cascade connection of the converters, that is, the uncontrolled rectifier with boost converter and load. The value of the minimum capacitance is obtained as a function of the reference voltage of the DC‐link capacitor, the frequency of the supply, the input power, and the maximum DC‐link voltage. The proposed design is applied to control the boost converter for PFC applications using PCA at the minimum DC‐link capacitor value. The calculated value of DC‐link capacitance has been reduced to a greater extent as compared to the conventional calculation of DC‐link capacitance. The converter operation with the designed value of DC‐link capacitance has been verified through the MATLAB and Typhoon Simulink environment, and an experimental prototype model is used for the validation by using the FPGA based Typhoon HIL‐402 kit.
Properties of graphene flakes obtained by treating graphite with ultrasound

A possibility to obtain graphene and graphene layers with the help of the ultrasound (US) treatment of pyrolytic graphite in an N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) solution has been demonstrated. Raman spectroscopy is confirmed to be an effective method for monitoring the graphite transformation into graphene. By varying the time of the ultrasonic treatment of pyrolytic graphite in the NMP solution, optimum regimes for the fabrication of graphene flakes with various numbers of layers are determined. In particular, the US treatment for 5 h is shown to be sufficient for producing a colloidal solution of graphene flakes, most of which are single-layered. It is shown that the longer US treatment results in larger intensities of Raman bands D and D′, which testifies to a larger number of defects in the graphene layers. The average distances between defects are estimated for various times of US treatment. The influence of vacancy and edge defects on the intensity band ratio ID/ID ′ is analyzed. Vacancies are found to be the prevailing type of defects in the graphene flakes.
The Loss of Rural Labor Force during the Urbanization Process

With the continuous deepening of national reform, the continuous emergence of enterprises, and the transfer of rural people to cities and places where enterprises accumulate, resulting in a serious shortage of surplus rural labor, forming the rural characteristics of aging. Solving the problem of losing labor becomes urgent as the shortage of labor influences the development of agriculture. The paper collects and searches information and statistics from several national websites. It shows that social resources are mainly distributed in urban areas, resulting in more people tending to move to cities to obtain better social resources such as education and health care. In addition, China's urbanization has accelerated in recent years, and the gap between urban and rural development inevitably needs to be narrowed. However, the paper has found some solutions to solve the main social contradictions and vigorously implement the rural revitalization strategy by promoting the development of high-quality agriculture and the income growth of agricultural employees. Also, producing characteristic agricultural products and enhancing investment in agriculture is essential. Finally, financial aid from the government is necessary.
Aspetti della lenizione in alcune varietà dell'italiano meridionale

This study deals with the lenition of voiceless fricatives in two varieties of southern Italian. In the first part, we recall not only different ways in which the very notion of ‘lenition’ has been used in the traditional literature and in recent theoretical proposals, but we will also discuss the fortis vs. lenis distinction (as well as the related feature [±tense]), finally adhering to a rather narrow interpretation of the two concepts. A review of the available descriptions of southern varieties of Italian shows that an allophonic rule of lenition is widely reported as regards plosives, but only partially acknowledged for fricatives. The basic claim of our study is that this variable rule is best stated in terms of the feature [±tense] and thus applied to the class of obstruents as a whole, the acoustic correlates of this feature being mainly duration and eventually intensity. The empirical part of our study examines the occurrences of /s/ and /f/ produced by six male students (three from Naples and three from Palermo); the dialogues were recorded within the CLIPS project (Corpora e Lessici dell’Italiano Parlato e Scritto) according to the Map Task procedure. The results essentially confirm our hypothesis that lenition does indeed apply – even if to a variable degree – to fricatives as well; as to the phonetic implementation of the process, intensity seems not to be at stake at all, duration being its main acoustic correlate.
Déconditionnement et régénération du muscle strié squelettique : rôle du niveau d’activité contractile sur le développement d’infiltrations graisseuses

Le muscle strie squelettique est un tissu fascinant qui permet d’assurer les fonctions essentielles a notre existence : se mouvoir, maintenir sa posture, se nourrir, communiquer ou tout simplement respirer. De nombreuses situations, engendrant principalement une hypoactivite, peuvent provoquer un deconditionnement musculaire caracterise par une perte de masse et de force ainsi qu’un developpement d’infiltrations graisseuses (IMAT), alterant ainsi la fonction musculaire. Le developpement d’IMAT est egalement observe lorsque les processus de regeneration musculaire sont alteres. Les fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) representent la population de cellules souches principalement impliquee dans le developpement d’IMAT. L’interaction entre FAPs et cellules satellites/immunitaires semble etre un trio indispensable pour une regeneration optimale, sans developpement d’IMAT. Au regard de la litterature scientifique, une modulation du niveau d’activite contractile permet de faire varier le niveau d’expression de nombreuses cytokines impliquees dans la modulation des FAPs et donc dans l’apparition d’IMAT. Nos travaux ont contribue a l’accroissement des connaissances scientifiques relatives a la thematique des infiltrations graisseuses et a leurs exacerbations dans des situations d’hypoactivite ou de regeneration musculaire. Nous avons montre que 3 jours d’hypoactivite chez l’homme, induite par le modele novateur de dry immersion, suffisent a augmenter le contenu musculaire en IMAT. Dans un contexte de regeneration musculaire, induite par le modele glycerol chez la souris, nous avons demontre une inhibition de l’apparition des IMAT en diminuant les contraintes mecaniques appliquees au muscle lese. Nous avons egalement precise le role de l’axe TNFα/TGF-β1, et donc celui des processus inflammatoires necessaires dans l’apoptose des FAPs afin de limiter le developpement des IMAT dans ce modele. Ces trois etudes ouvrent de nombreuses perspectives, afin i) de preciser le role des IMAT dans la dysfonction musculaire, ii) de definir les mecanismes de regulation qui controlent le developpement et l’accumulation d’IMAT.
Determination Of Women's Knowledge, Attitude And Behaviours About The Self Examination Of Breast

Cancer and other health problems about breast that are very important for women's health and aesthetic are frequent problems. Therefore, self examination of breast has great importance in determination of a pathology in breast. Performing the education role that is one of the modern roles of the nurse in a professional why is therefore very important in the protection of our women's breast health.The study was done between 218 women, aged between 15-49 years who were admitted two health centers. Data was collected from a questionnare composed of 15 questions and was evaluated by SPSS programme. It was found that 44.7% of the study population were between 25-34 years old, 52% of them were primary school graduate, 94.5% of them were married, 82.2% of them were living with their care family. It was also determined that 5% of the women have never heard of self examination, 29.2 % of the ones that know self examination have heard it from a nurse, 50.2% of them does not know how to do it and 52.1% of them have never done self examination. As the education level of the women increased, knowing, hearing and performing self examination had improved. Regarding the social importance of women's health, we suggest that nurses should do more training.
Analgesic Profile in Intensive Observation Room (Ruang Observasi Intensif/ ROI) Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya

Introduction: Pain is a condition that the majority of critical care patients will possibly suffer at some point during their stay in the intensive care unti (ICU). In both medical and surgical ICU patients, the incidence of considerable pain is still 50% or greater. Analgesic administration is considered one of the most effective pain managements. While useful, it can cause detrimental effects if not used according to its indications and regulations.Objective: To obtain the analgesic profile used in intensive observation room (ruang observasi intensif/ROI) Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya.Methods: This study is a retrospective descriptive study with 537 medical records met the inclusion criteria.Result: The most frequent analgesic used is metamizole (44.41%) and paracetamol (16.08%) while ketamine was used the least (0.24%). Most commonly used analgesic adjuvants is phenytoin (6.12%). The amount of single drug administration (52.70%) is more frequent than multimodal analgesic (47.30%). Metamizole with paracetamol is the most popular analgesic combination (20.74%), followed by metamizole with tramadol (14.17%), and metamizole with fentanyl (12.99%). The most common procedures recorded are obstetrics and gynaecological (29.98%), cranial and general surgery with the same result (21.42%), and orthopaedic (12.29%). 205 samples with Wong-Baker FACES Pain Ratings Scales stated that there is an increase in patients who do not experience pain after administration of analgesics (N=25 to N=132), patients that underwent mild pain decreased (N=134 to N=65), and patients with moderate and severe pain also decreased (N=43 to N=8 and N=3 to N=0 respectively). Conclusion: Non-opioid analgesic dominates the analgesic profile in ROI Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya compared to opioids that generally used the most worldwide. Giving analgesics to patients has been proven successful in reducing the pain degree.
How feasible is the rapid development of artificial superintelligence?

What kinds of fundamental limits are there in how capable artificial intelligence (AI) systems might become? Two questions in particular are of interest: (1) How much more capable could AI become relative to humans, and (2) how easily could superhuman capability be acquired? To answer these questions, we will consider the literature on human expertise and intelligence, discuss its relevance for AI, and consider how AI could improve on humans in two major aspects of thought and expertise, namely simulation and pattern recognition. We find that although there are very real limits to prediction, it seems like AI could still substantially improve on human intelligence.
Conformal and Nearly Conformal Theories at Large N

In this thesis we present new results in conformal and nearly conformal field theories in various dimensions. In chapter two, we study different properties of the conformal Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) in continuous dimension d. At first we study conformal QED using largeNf methods, whereNf is the number of massless fermions. We compute its sphere free energy as a function of d, ignoring the terms of order 1/Nf and higher. For finite Nf we use the expansion. Next we use a large Nf diagrammatic approach to calculate the leading corrections to CT , the coefficient of the two-point function of the stress-energy tensor, and CJ , the coefficient of the twopoint function of the global symmetry current. We present explicit formulae as a function of d and check them versus the expectations in 2 and 4− dimensions. In chapter three, we discuss vacuum stability in 1 + 1 dimensional conformal field theories with external background fields. We show that the vacuum decay rate is given by a non-local two-form. This two-form is a boundary term that must be added to the effective in/out Lagrangian. The two-form is expressed in terms of a Riemann-Hilbert decomposition for background gauge fields, and is given by its novel “functional” version in the gravitational case. In chapter four, we explore Tensor models. Such models possess the large N limit dominated by the melon diagrams. The quantum mechanics of a real anti-commuting rank-3 tensor has a large N limit similar to the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev (SYK) model. We also discuss the quantum mechanics of a complex 3-index anti-commuting tensor and argue that it is equivalent in the large N limit to a version of SYK model with complex fermions. Finally, we discuss models of a commuting tensor in dimension d. We study the spectrum of the large N quantum field theory of bosonic rank-3 tensors using the Schwinger-Dyson equations. We compare some of these results with the 4− expansion, finding perfect agreement. We also study the spectra of bosonic theories of rank q − 1 tensors with φ interactions. iii
A INTERNET DAS COISAS EM SISTEMAS DE GERAÇÃO FOTOVOLTAICA

This article presents a proposal for applying the Internet of Things to monitoring photovoltaic generation. Data acquisition and transmission in the plant are performed by routines performed by a microcontroller where measures such as solar radiation intensity, temperature, humidity, electrical voltage and electrical current are verified, aiming at fault diagnosis. Through cloud computing, Internet of Things platforms and dedicated interfaces, data is processed, stored and made available in real time, with ample capacity and mobility, allowing for remote monitoring of the system. The system is implemented on an experimental bench, acquiring data from converter plates used in energy conformation and manufactured with open architecture, serving panels with a capacity of 130 Wp.
Rapid optical variability of TeV blazars

In this first systematic attempt to characterise the intranight optical variability (INOV) of TeV detected blazars, we have monitored a well defined set of 9 TeV blazars on total 26 nights during 2004-2010. In this R (or V )-band monitoring programme only one blazar was monitored per night and the minimum duration was close to 4 hours, the average being 5.3 hours per night. Using the CCD for strictly simultaneous photometry of the blazar and nearby reference stars (N-star photometry), an INOV detection threshold of ∼ 1–2 per cent was achieved in the densely sampled differential light curves derived from our data. We have further expanded the sample by including another 13 TeV blazars, taking advantage of the availability in the literature of INOV data, including those published earlier in our programme. The selection criteria for this set of 13 blazars conform to the basic criteria we had adopted for the first set of 9 blazars we have monitored presently. This enlarged, well defined representative sample of 22 TeV blazars, monitored on a total of 116 nights (including 55 nights newly reported here), has enabled us to arrive at the first estimate of the INOV duty cycle (DC) of TeV detected blazars. Applying the conservative, but commonly employed, C-test, the INOV DC is found to be 59 per cent, which decreases to 47 per cent if only INOV fractional amplitudes (ψ) above 3 per cent are considered. These observations also permit, for the first time, a comparison of the INOV characteristics of the two 2 Gopal-Krishna et al. major subclasses of TeV detected BL Lacs, namely LBLs and HBLs, for which we find the INOV duty cycles to be ∼ 63 per cent and ∼ 38 per cent, respectively. This demonstrates that the previously recognized INOV differential between LBLs and HBLs persists even when only their TeV detected subsets are considered. Despite dense sampling, the intranight light curves of the 22 TeV blazars have not revealed even a single feature on time scale substantially shorter than 1 hour, even though the inner jets of TeV blazars are believed to have exceptionally large bulk Lorentz factors (and correspondingly stronger time compression). An intriguing feature, clearly detected in the light curve of the HBL J1555+1111, is a 4 per cent ‘dip’ on a 1 hour timescale. This unique feature could have arisen from absorption in a dusty gas cloud, occulting a superluminally moving optical knot in the parsec scale jet of this relatively luminous BL Lacs object.
Why less can be more : a Bayesian framework for heuristics

When making decisions under uncertainty, one common view is that people rely on simple heuristics that deliberately ignore information. One of the greatest puzzles in cognitive science concerns why heuristics can sometimes outperform full-information models, such as linear regression, which make full use of the available information. In this thesis, I will contribute the novel idea that heuristics can be thought of as embodying extreme Bayesian priors. Thereby, an explanation for less-is-more is that the heuristics’ relative simplicity and inflexibility amounts to a strong inductive bias, that is suitable for some learning and decision problems. I will formalize this idea by introducing Bayesian models within which heuristics are an extreme case along a continuum of model flexibility defined by the strength and nature of the prior. Crucially, the Bayesian models include heuristics at one of the Bayesian prior strength and classic full-information models at the other end of the Bayesian prior. This allows for a comparative test between the intermediate models along the continuum and the extremes of heuristics and full regression model. Indeed, I will show that intermediate models perform best across simulations, suggesting that down-weighting information is preferable to entirely ignoring it. These results refute an absolute version of less-is-more, demonstrating that heuristics will usually be outperformed by a model that takes into account the full information but weighs it appropriately. Thereby, the thesis provides a novel explanation for less-is-more: Heuristics work well because they embody a Bayesian prior that approximates the optimal prior. While the main contribution is formal, the final Chapter will explore whether less is more at the psychological level, and finds that people do not use heuristics, but rely on the full information instead. A consistent perspective will emerge throughout the whole thesis, which is that less is not more.
The Fate of Patent Stents in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

Objectives: Bypassing a patently stented coronary artery has a risk of flow competition, and leaving it ungrafted has a high risk of stent restenosis. This study determines the fate of patently stented coronary arteries bypassed and left ungrafted. Materials and Methods: Patients undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with previous percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were retrospectively scanned between January 1, 2015, and January 1, 2020. Patients undergoing surgery with a patently stented coronary artery were identified. Postoperative coronary angiography was performed in 52 of these patients. Abstract
Feature-based RGB-D SLAM with Dense Terrain Mapping for a Walking Robot

Although advanced motion planning algorithms allow legged robots to traverse autonomously challenging terrains [5], in order to achieve full autonomy these robots need to have both environment mapping and self-localization implemented on-board. There are two issues that make the Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) problem particularly hard if a legged robotic platform in unstructured environment is considered: (i) the environment maps employed by typical SLAM algorithms rarely are suitable for supporting motion planning functions (foothold selection, leg trajectories planning, etc.), (ii) legged robots that plan their motion require very accurate pose estimates. Our earlier experiments demonstrated [2] that it is necessary to achieve localization accuracy of about the diameter of our robot’s foot to register the range data into a local elevation map that enables reliable foothold planning. Moreover, an autonomous walking robot requires a dense representation of the terrain for planning. While some state-of-the-art 3-D SLAM systems build voxel-based maps, they usually rely on massive parallel processing to handle the huge amount of range data [13]. Such approach is not suitable for most legged robots, due to the power consumption of a high-end GPGPU. Therefore, an autonomous legged robot needs a SLAM algorithm that is very accurate, runs in realtime without hardware acceleration and is coupled with a dense mapping method that can reflect the uncertainty of both the range measurements and the robot’s pose estimate. In the workshop presentation we demonstrate the algorithms and techniques we used to create a system that meets the aforementioned requirements and is implemented on our autonomous walking robot Messor II. Moreover, we discuss the methods used to evaluate the system, in both the qualitative and quantitative aspects. We present results of experiments in controlled and natural environments and point out the need to create benchmark data sets appropriate for evaluation of SLAM/mapping in challenging environments. II. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
Second-harmonic radiating imaging probes and harmonic holography

Compared with other imaging probes such as fluorescent dyes and quantum dots, second-harmonic radiating imaging probes (SHRIMPs) provide a unique ultrafast, coherent optical contrast that is free of photobleaching and emission intermittency. Using the second-harmonic signal emitted from SHRIMPs, harmonic holography achieves threedimensional holographic imaging with a color contrast similar to fluorescence microscopy where the uninterested background scattering is efficiently suppressed by an optical filter. The coherent contrast provided by SHRIMPs also enables imaging through turbid media via digital phase conjugation. Here we review the developments and applications of SHRIMPs and harmonic holography.