Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Little evidence for an effect of the rubber hand illusion on basic movement

Body ownership refers to the distinct sensation that our observed body belongs to us, which is believed to stem from multisensory integration. This is commonly shown through the rubber hand illusion (RHI), which induces a sense of ownership over a false limb. Whilst the RHI may interfere with object‐directed action and alter motor cortical activity, it is not yet clear whether a sense of ownership over an artificial hand has functional consequences for movement production per se. As such, we performed two motion‐tracking experiments (n = 117) to examine the effects of the RHI on the reaction time, acceleration, and velocity of rapid index finger abduction. We observed little convincing evidence that the induction of the RHI altered these kinematic variables. Moreover, the subjective sensations of rubber hand ownership, referral of touch, and agency did not convincingly correlate with kinematic variables, and nor did proprioceptive drift, suggesting that changes in body representation elicited by the RHI may not influence basic movement. Whilst experiment 1 suggested that individuals reporting a greater sensation of the real hand disappearing performed movements with smaller acceleration and velocity following illusion induction, we did not replicate this effect in a second experiment, suggesting that these effects may be small or not particularly robust. Overall, these results indicate that manipulating the conscious experience of body ownership has little impact on basic motor control, at least in the RHI with healthy participants.
Sequence determinants as key regulators in gene expression of T cells

T cell homeostasis, T cell differentiation, and T cell effector function rely on the constant fine‐tuning of gene expression. To alter the T cell state, substantial remodeling of the proteome is required. This remodeling depends on the intricate interplay of regulatory mechanisms, including post‐transcriptional gene regulation. In this review, we discuss how the sequence of a transcript influences these post‐transcriptional events. In particular, we review how sequence determinants such as sequence conservation, GC content, and chemical modifications define the levels of the mRNA and the protein in a T cell. We describe the effect of different forms of alternative splicing on mRNA expression and protein production, and their effect on subcellular localization. In addition, we discuss the role of sequences and structures as binding hubs for miRNAs and RNA‐binding proteins in T cells. The review thus highlights how the intimate interplay of post‐transcriptional mechanisms dictate cellular fate decisions in T cells.
“It’s about making adolescents in charge of their health”: policy-makers’ perspectives on optimizing the health care transition among adolescents living with HIV in Kenya

ABSTRACT The health care transition (HCT) from pediatric to adult care is a potential contributor to poor clinical outcomes among adolescents living with HIV (ALHIV). In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), there is limited information on effective tools and processes to prepare and support ALHIV through this transition. This study elicited perspectives of policy-makers regarding barriers and facilitators to successful HCT among ALHIV in Kenya. Twenty in-depth interviews (IDIs) were conducted with policy-makers using a semi-structured guide. Using the socio-ecological model (SEM) as an organizing framework, directed content and thematic network analyses methods were used to characterize themes related to key influences on HCT processes and to describe actionable recommendations for improved tools and resources. Policy-makers identified multilevel support, including the development of a triadic relationship between the caregiver, healthcare worker (HCW) and adolescent, as an essential strategy for improved HCT success. Across the SEM, policy-makers described the importance of actively engaging adolescents in their care to promote increased ownership and autonomy over health decisions. At the structural level, the need for more comprehensive HCT guidelines and improved HCW training was highlighted. Expanded HCT tools and guidelines, that emphasize supportive relationships and intensified adolescent engagement, may improve HCT processes and outcomes.
Alterations in fast‐twitch muscle membrane conductance regulation do not explain decreased muscle function of SOD1G93A rats

Both neuromuscular junction (NMJ) dysfunction and altered electrophysiological properties of muscle fibers have been reported in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients. ALS‐related preclinical studies typically use rodent SOD1G93A overexpression models, but translation to the human disease has been challenged. The present work explored NMJ function and cellular electrophysiological properties of muscles fibers in SOD1G93A overexpression rats.
Claudin-18.2 as a therapeutic target in cancers: cumulative findings from basic research and clinical trials

ABSTRACT Claudins are major components of tight junctions that maintain cell polarity and intercellular adhesion. The dynamics of claudins in cancer cells have attracted attention as a therapeutic target. During carcinogenesis, claudin expression is generally downregulated; however, overexpression of claudin-18.2 has been observed in several types of cancers. Upregulated and mislocalized claudin-18.2 expression in cancer cells has been suggested as a therapeutic target. Research on claudin-18.2 has revealed its involvement in carcinogenesis. Clinical trials using zolbetuximab, a monoclonal antibody targeting claudin-18.2, for patients with advanced cancer yielded positive results with few high-grade adverse events; thus, it is expected to be a novel and effective therapeutic. Here, we review current insights into the role that claudin-18.2 plays in basic cancer research and clinical applications. A better understanding of these roles will facilitate the development of new treatment strategies for cancer patients with poor prognoses.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN CERVICOCEPHALIC KINESTHETIC SENSIBILITY AND CHARACTERISTICS OF MECHANICAL NECK PAIN

Background: Dysfunction of neck kinesthetic sensibility characterized by increased movement irregularities and movement errors during reposition tasks has been shown in middle-aged subjects with chronic neck pain. However, pain can also induce changes in muscle spindle discharge or the central output of the nervous system. Aim of study: To determine a relationship between impaired cervicocephalic kinesthetic sensibility and mechanical neck pain characteristics. Procedures: Sixty patients with mechanical neck pain repositioned their heads to the neutral head position a in sagittal and transverse plane. When the subjects reach the reference position, the subject‟s relocation accuracy was measured in degrees using the CROM device. The Northwick neck pain questionnaire (NPQ) has proved to be a useful tool in neck pain studies, correlating with objective measurements of neck pain characteristics. Results: there was positive significant correlation between NPQ score and flexion, rotation reposition error. Conclusion: Disturbed kinesthetic sensibility was correlated with changes in the mechanical neck pain characteristics. INTRODUCTION: Neck pain is a musculoskeletal symptom associated with disability and significant economic health costs. Neck pain has been classified as 1 of the top 2 largest reasons for disability caused by musculoskeletal pain conditions by the Global Burden of Disease studies. It has been reported that 70% of the general population will experience neck pain at some time during their lives; however, the global point prevalence is 4.9%[1]. Egypt. J. of Appl. Sci., 35(12) 2020 118-135
On the Fly Query Segmentation Using Snippets

One of the most important issues in Information Retrieval is inferring the intents underlying users’ queries, and query segmentantion, provided it is done fast, can be a valuable tool. Such techniques usually rely on a prior training phase involving large datasets. A costly process, specially in environments which are increasingly moving towards real time scenarios where latency to retrieve fresh informacion should be minimal. In this paper an ‘on-the-ﬂy’ query segmentation method is proposed. It uses snippets which are later mined by means of a naive statistical algorithm. An initial evaluation of such a method is provided, in addition to a discussion on its applicability to diﬀerent scenarios.
OTT_A_286600 12777..12786

1Radiotherapy Department, Anhui No. 2 Provincial People’s Hospital, Hefei 230041, Anhui, People’s Republic of China; 2Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Lung Cancer and Immunology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital & Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
Hydraulic resistance to overland flow governed by Froude number on semi-arid hillslopes under shrubs and crops

ABSTRACT Overland flow occurs on a land surface, making a sheet flow without any flow concentration. Under these conditions, cultivated semi-arid hillslopes experience inter-rill erosion. One objective of this study was to evaluate the hydraulic resistance caused by semi-arid crops and shrubs in two slopes’ field conditions, and the other was to learen more about the overland flow governed by Froude number. To achieve these targets, a set of rainfall simulations was performed on two slope gradients, of 4.9% and 8.9%, covered by shrubs and semi-arid crops. On these two semi-arid hillslopes, exfiltration occurred, which added flow from subsurface water by seepage. We show, for the first time, that for overland flow with Reynolds number from 1 to 100 in different crops and native Brazilian shrub, hydraulic resistance is more strongly correlated with Froude number than with Reynolds number, as were the vegetal force drag and the soil detachment rate.
The Media in the “Liquid” Coronavirus Pandemic of 2020. Communication During Lockdown: Separate but Together

This paper deals with the use of media and their functions during the coronavirus pandemic. Thesis: a huge increase in the importance of mediatized communication in a situation of physical distancing in the conditions of a pandemic, which can be described as “liquid,” as it takes on the features of Bauman’s concept of “liquid modernity. ” The graphic image of the coronavirus and its colloquial name, as well as the face mask shown by the media, are an essential component of the social structure of the pandemic image on a global scale. COVID-19 is therefore a biological construct, but also a media and social construct. The government-administered lockdown in the fi rst quarter of the pandemic was widely and reliably followed, largely due to the strengthening of the “culture of fear. ” At the same time, forms of remote communication and even group activities grew stronger. Research method: participant observation in remote learning and remote work. Analysis of the use of the sparse literature on the subject, desk research of expert statements. Results and conclusions: large information chaos in the fi rst phase of the pandemic. The intensifi cation of fake news in social media. A fertile ground for social stigma and conspiracy theories. Cognitive value: showing the media dimension of the pandemic and its consequences for strengthening the position of large information and communication companies (GAFA) and increasing the importance of forms of media communication in all types of social contacts. The article points to the importance of analyzing the functions, position and role of media––mass, social and individual––in conditions of spatial separation. Moreover, its considerations have a practical dimension––they can be adapted and developed in media practice.
ME-Net: Multi-Step Enhancement Network for Semantic Segmentation

∗ Semantic segmentation faces two problems of one is that the detail information of great significance for pixel classification is insufficient, and of another one is the contextual information is incom-prehensive. To address these problems, we propose the Multi-Step Enhancement Network (ME-Net) for image segmentation in our work. We first design a module to learn and emphasize the difference detail information in different-level feature establishing. The detail information can be preserved in this step. And then we present a feature enhancement method by characterizing the boundary contextual representation. The boundary contextual information is integrated into the feature representation of each pixel in this step. The experimental results on Cityscapes dataset show that our ME-Net obtains the state-of-the-art result and the superiority of our method is demonstrated firmly.
Aquaculture of Coregonid Species — Quo vadis?

Whitefish is well-known for its delicious meat and consumers are willing to pay high prices for it, but local supply is often limited due to fluctuating or declining catches. It is thus expected that whitefish aquaculture production should increase to help meet the demand, provided that insufficient knowledge or other roadblocks do not interfere. Here we use a literature review, expert interviews, and case-study approach to understand the existing knowledge, current production levels, and limitations of whitefish aquaculture in individual countries. As shown through the literature review, there is sufficient technical knowledge to scale-up whitefish production. However, interviews with several experts point out different factors hindering aquaculture production: strict environmental regulations, established production of other freshwater species, and possible competition with fish imports. The failure to establish whitefish aquaculture in Lake Constance underlines this outcome, as there is nearly no chance to establish whitefish aquaculture in this area despite very high demand paired with drastically decreasing supply from capture-fisheries. As a result, at least 50% of whitefish consumed at Lake Constance are imported. This case highlights a common pitfall in environmental management: decisions to forego or reduce local production often results in replacing a product of exceptionally high sustainability (locally produced fish) with imports from other countries.
Effects of different enantiomers of amlodipine on lipid profiles and vasomotor factors in atherosclerotic rabbits

Abstract This research aimed to describe the functions of vascular endothelial cells (VECs) in protecting target organs and the anti-atherosclerotic effects of different enantiomers of amlodipine on a rabbit model of atherosclerosis. Thirty male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly allocated to four groups (nA = 9, nB = 7, nC = 7, and nD = 7 rabbits): rabbits in group-A (control group) were fed a high-fat diet, group-B rabbits were fed a high-fat diet plus 2.5 mg/kg/day S-amlodipine, group-C rabbits were fed a high-fat diet plus 2.5 mg/kg/day R-amlodipine, and group-D rabbits were fed a high-fat diet plus 5 mg/kg/day racemic amlodipine. Different enantiomers of amlodipine did not influence lipid profiles and serum level of eNOS in the rabbit atherosclerosis model but decreased ET-1 expression to some extent. The serum NO and iNOS levels in the drug intervention groups were significantly reduced. No significant differences in the rabbits’ body weights were observed. At the 4th and 8th weeks, the serum lipid profiles significantly increased in high cholesterol diet groups. The serum ET-1 level was significantly increased in each group of rabbits at the 8th week. Both S-amlodipine and R-amlodipine may protect the endothelium by reducing the serum ET-1 level, downregulating iNOS expression.
Application of antiviral materials in textiles: A review

Abstract Research of antiviral textiles has received considerable attention owing to the continuous emergence of new infectious diseases. Antiviral textiles can effectively inhibit the spread of viruses and significantly reduce the risk of cross-infection and re-infection to protect people’s health and safety. In recent years, researchers studied various antiviral materials, which can prevent the spread and reproduction of viruses by killing and reducing their attachment. These materials can be applied to antiviral textiles through finishing and various spinning methods. This review organizes antiviral materials, analyzes their antiviral mechanisms and inhibition effects, and discusses the methods of combining antiviral materials with textiles, as well as their applications in healthcare and public transportation. In addition, prospects for antiviral textile research are proposed. This review provides references for the study of antiviral textiles and may stimulate the continuous research and development of antiviral textiles. Graphical abstract
Dynamics of a viscoelastic thread surrounded by a Newtonian viscous fluid inside a cylindrical tube

Abstract A viscoelastic thread in vacuum is known to evolve into a beads-on-a-string structure at large deformations. If the thread is immersed in another fluid, the surrounding medium may influence the topological structure of it, which remains unexplored. To get some insights into the nonlinear behaviour of a viscoelastic thread in a two-phase flow system, a one-dimensional model is developed under the slender body approximation, in which the thread of a highly viscoelastic fluid described by the Oldroyd-B or Giesekus constitutive equation is immersed in a Newtonian viscous fluid of much smaller density and viscosity inside a cylindrical tube. The effect of the outer viscous fluid layer and the confinement of the tube is examined. It is found that the outer fluid may change substantially the beads-on-a-string structure of the viscoelastic thread. Particularly, it may induce the formation of secondary droplets on the filament between adjacent primary droplets, even for large wavenumbers. The outer fluid exerts a resistance force on the extensional flow in the filament, but the necking of the thread is slightly accelerated, due to the redistribution of capillary and elastic forces along the filament accompanied by the formation of secondary droplets. Decreasing the tube radius leads to an increase in secondary droplet size but affects little the morphology of the thread. The non-uniformity of the filament between droplets is more pronounced for a Giesekus viscoelastic thread, and pinch-off of a Giesekus thread always occurs in the neck region connecting the filament to the primary droplet in the presence of the outer viscous fluid.
Free-surface disturbances due to the submersion of a cylindrical obstacle

Abstract We explore the initial perturbations that form on a liquid free surface as a result of the submersion of a circular cylinder beneath the surface, a scenario that arises in a number of diverse applications. The behaviour of the free surface is determined by transforming the equations of motion of the system via the Wehausen scheme, to variables for the free surface. A small-time series expansion is utilized to construct a recursive scheme that can be implemented numerically, and the time frame over which this approximation is valid is analysed. The resulting numerical model allows one to extend the results in the literature to study arbitrary cylinder sizes, including those where the cylinder is close to the free surface, and arbitrary cylinder motions. Of particular interest in this study was identifying the conditions under which strong jets would appear, and those were the free surface exhibited gravity waves. The formation of a central jet is found to be related to the growth of secondary, nonlinear waves, which rapidly merge as the obstacle is submerged. Classification maps are presented as a function of obstacle size and submersion speed, to identify the conditions which lead to jetting. Furthermore, the acceleration profile of the cylinder is shown to significantly affect the conditions under which jets form, which we argue is due to the rate at which energy is injected into the system.
Encouraging the scale-up of proven interventions: Infrastructure development for the “Evidence-to-Implementation” award

Abstract Background/Objective: Although most research universities offer investigators help in obtaining patents for inventions, investigators generally have few resources for scaling up non-patentable innovations, such as health behavior change interventions. In 2017, the dissemination and implementation (D & I) team at the University of Wisconsin’s Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) created the Evidence-to-Implementation (E2I) award to encourage the scale-up of proven, non-patentable health interventions. The award was intended to give investigators financial support and business expertise to prepare evidence-based interventions for scale-up. Methods: The D & I team adapted a set of criteria named Critical Factors Assessment, which has proven effective in predicting the success of entrepreneurial ventures outside the health care environment, to use as review criteria for the program. In March 2018 and February 2020, multidisciplinary panels assessed proposals using a review process loosely based on the one used by the NIH for grant proposals, replacing the traditional NIH scoring criteria with the eight predictive factors included in Critical Factors Assessment. Results: two applications in 2018 and three applications in 2020 earned awards. Funding has ended for the first two awardees, and both innovations have advanced successfully. Conclusion: Late-stage translation, though often overlooked by the academic community, is essential to maximizing the overall impact of the science generated by CTSAs. The Evidence-to-implementation award provides a working model for supporting late-stage translation within a CTSA environment.
The management of HER2‐positive early breast cancer: Current and future therapies

Advances in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)‐directed therapies have revolutionised the care of patients with HER2‐positive breast cancer. While adjuvant trastuzumab in combination with chemotherapy has dramatically improved the prognosis for patients with early‐stage disease, up to a quarter of patients will develop recurrent disease. The standard‐of‐care treatment paradigm has evolved with the introduction of newer HER2‐directed therapies and increasing use of neoadjuvant systemic therapy, the latter providing us with important functional data to HER2‐directed therapies and impacting subsequent adjuvant therapy decisions. However, these new strategies come at a cost of increased toxicity and economic burden, and only a subset of patients benefit from such approaches. Thus, ongoing work is required to identify predictive biomarkers of response, to de‐escalate treatment in patients who may do just as well with less therapy, and new therapeutic approaches for patients who do not respond to currently used therapies. In this review, we will examine the current therapeutic landscape, summarise the latest evidence, and list the current treatment algorithms for early stage HER2‐positive breast cancer.