Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficient Distributed Community Detection in the Stochastic Block Model

Designing effective algorithms for community detection is an important and challenging problem in large-scale graphs, studied extensively in the literature. Various solutions have been proposed, but many of them are centralized with expensive procedures (requiring full knowledge of the input graph) and have a large running time. In this paper, we present a distributed algorithm for community detection in the stochastic block model (also called planted partition model), a widely-studied and canonical random graph model for community detection and clustering. Our algorithm called CDRW(Community Detection by Random Walks) is based on random walks, and is localized and lightweight, and easy to implement. A novel feature of the algorithm is that it uses the concept of local mixing time to identify the community around a given node. We present a rigorous theoretical analysis that shows that the algorithm can accurately identify the communities in the stochastic block model and characterize the model parameters where the algorithm works. We also present experimental results that validate our theoretical analysis. We also analyze the performance of our distributed algorithm under the CONGEST distributed model as well as the k-machine model, a model for large-scale distributed computations, and show that it can be efficiently implemented.
Glacial lake changes and the identification of potentially dangerous glacial lakes (PDGLs) under warming climate in the Dibang River Basin, Eastern Himalaya, India

Abstract Climate warming has caused accelerated glacier recession in the Eastern Himalayas. This phenomenon has consequently resulted in the development of new glacial lakes and expansion of the existing ones. The outbursts of these lakes has the potential to cause flashfloods with negative impacts for the downstream community. This study used Remote Sensing data products to develop a glacial lake database of Dibang River Basin for the year 2020. The multi-temporal Landsat series data was used to examine the surficial changes in glacial lakes larger than 0.1 km2. The key parameters derived from previous glacial lake studies were used to identify the Potentially Dangerous Glacial Lakes (PDGLs) and conduct their hazard assessment. Finally, the Indian Monsoon Data Assimilation and Analysis (IMDAA) data was used to analyze the Temperature and Precipitation trends from 1980 to 2020 to understand timpact of climate change on lake behaviour. Our findings reveal that the study region has 403 glacial lakes with a total area of 55.73 km2 in 2020. The area of selected glacial lakes has increased from 29.96 km2 in 1985 to 32.56 km2 in 2020 at a rate of 0.07 km2 per year. Twelve (12) lakes were identified as PDGLs in the study region. After applying the weighted index method, 4 lakes among them were categorized as high, 5 as medium and 3 as low hazard glacial lakes. The Mann Kendal test of Tmin, Tmax and Tmean revealed an increasing trend with a Z statics value of >0, whereas mean precipitation on the contrary showed a significant decreasing trend with a Z statics value of <0. The changes in climatic variables (i.e., temperature and precipitation) indicate that the warmer conditions prevail in the region, causing glacier shrinking and retreat, formation of new lakes and expansion of existing ones. Hence, we propose the continuous monitoring and assessment of high hazard glacial lakes for the prevention and mitigation of Glacier Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs) in the study region.
Phase change alloy viscosities down to T g using Adam-Gibbs-equation fittings to excess entropy data: A fragile-to-strong transition

A striking anomaly in the viscosity of Te85Ge15 alloys noted by Greer and coworkers from the work of Neumann et al. is reminiscent of the equally striking comparison of liquid tellurium and water anomalies documented long ago by Kanno et al. In view of the power laws that are used to fit the data on water, we analyze the data on Te85Ge15 using the Speedy-Angell power-law form, and find a good account with a singularity Ts only 25 K below the eutectic temperature. However, the heat capacity data in this case are not diverging, but instead exhibit a sharp maximum like that observed in fast cooling in the Molinero-Moore model of water. Applying the Adam-Gibbs viscosity equation to these calorimetric data, we find that there must be a fragile-to-strong liquid transition at the heat capacity peak temperature, and then predict the "strong" liquid course of the viscosity down to Tg at 406 K (403.6 K at 20 K min−1 in this study). Since crystallization can be avoided by moderately fast cooling in this case, we can.
Managing Affective Commitment to Change in Public Sector Organization of Pakistan: A Social Exchange Perspective

Literature on organizational development is well-stocked with researches advocating change as a universal remedy for organizational survival and success. However, the importance of eliciting positive employees’ response during change lacks attention. Considering the crucial role of managing employees’ positive change reactions in public sector organizations, the current study highlights the role of High Performance Work Systems (HPWS) in fostering affective commitment to change (ACTC) in culturally diverse employees’ along with its interlinking mechanisms. Based on Social Exchange perspective, we hypothesized that employees’ perceptions of the nature of exchange mediates the relationship between HPWS-Affective commitment to change. More specifically, we proposed a moderating mediation model outlining how individual’s cultural orientation might play a significant role in influencing the nature of exchange which in turn may predict the dynamics of HPWS-employees’ affective commitment to change relationship. A sample of 591 full-time employees from the largest public-sector bank of Pakistan undergoing Privatization were surveyed. The results reveal the positive impact of High performance work systems on affective commitment to change. Moreover, employees’ perceptions of social exchange mediate the positive relationship between HPWS and Affective CTC. However, this underpinning mechanism is stronger for employees scoring high collectivism and low power distance orientation and vice versa. The study contributes to the literature through examining the intermediatory mechanism and boundary conditions under which the positive impact of HPWS- Affective CTC might prove to be more effective. Finally, both practical and theoretical implications are discussed in the light of results obtained followed by future directions.
Efficient incentive mechanism for video distribution on the home Internet of Things devices

Providing users with nearby video distribution services based on Edge Computing (EC) reduces backbone traffic and improves users' viewing experience. However, the behavior of edge networks is difficult to manage and cannot guarantee the rationality of video resource distribution, which has become a significant challenge for online video services. This paper takes the idle resources from home Internet of Things (IoT) devices for video distribution service as the research point. It proposes an incentive mechanism based on behavior management and balance of resources (BMBR). By paying attention to the rationality of resource distribution and establishing reasonable reward and punishment measures for edge devices, the incentive mechanism makes the initiative of edge devices and the relationship between resource supply and demand reach a stable equilibrium. Simulation results and analysis show that the incentive mechanism can effectively improve the enthusiasm for resource sharing in the edge network, ensure the rationality of resource distribution to reduce the resource price fluctuations, and maintain the balance of resource supply and demand.
Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Genes Related to Pollen Abortion in a Cytoplasmic Male-Sterile Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.)

Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) lays a foundation for the utilization of heterosis in soybean. The soybean CMS line SXCMS5A is an excellent CMS line exhibiting 100% male sterility. Cytological analysis revealed that in SXCMS5A compared to its maintainer SXCMS5B, its tapetum was vacuolated and abnormally developed. To identify the genes and metabolic pathways involving in pollen abortion of SXCMS5A, a comparative transcriptome analysis was conducted between SXCMS5A and SXCMS5B using flower buds. A total of 372,973,796 high quality clean reads were obtained from 6 samples (3 replicates for each material), and 840 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, including 658 downregulated and 182 upregulated ones in SXCMS5A compared to SXCMS5B. Among them, 13 DEGs, i.e., 12 open reading frames (ORFs) and 1 COX2, were mitochondrial genome genes in which ORF178 and ORF103c were upregulated in CMS lines and had transmembrane domain(s), therefore, identified as CMS candidate mitochondrial genes of SXCMS5A. Furthermore, numerous DEGs were associated with pollen wall development, carbohydrate metabolism, sugar transport, reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism and transcription factor. Some of them were further confirmed by quantitative real time PCR analysis between CMS lines with the same cytoplasmic source as SXCMS5A and their respective maintainer lines. The amount of soluble sugar and adenosine triphosphate and the activity of catalase and ascorbic acid oxidase showed that energy supply and ROS scavenging decreased in SXCMS5A compared to SXCMS5B. These findings provide valuable information for further understanding the molecular mechanism regulating the pollen abortion of soybean CMS.
Spontaneous Parametric Down-Conversion from GaAs Nanowires at Telecom Wavelength

We report on the generation of photon pairs at 1550 nm from free-standing epitaxially grown self-assisted micrometre long GaAs nanowires. The efficiency of the spontaneous parametric down-conversion process has a rate of 320 GHz/Wm normalized to the transmission of the setup, the pump intensity, and the volume of the nanostructure. GaAs is a high index dielectric that can support electromagnetic Mie modes, therefore we model how shorter nanowires could improve the second-harmonic signal and we found that sub-micro long nanowires (600 nm length and 250 nm diameter) can support quality factors up to 15 at the pump wavelength (780 nm). We anticipate that the near field enhancement compared to micrometre long nanowires will boost the second-harmonic generation and, correspondingly, the biphoton rate efficiency.
Coarse graining of spin net models: dynamics of intertwiners

Spin foams are models of quantum gravity and therefore quantum space time. A key open issue is to determine the possible continuum phases of these models. Progress on this issue has been prohibited by the complexity of the full four-dimensional models. We consider here simplified analogue models, so called spin nets, that retain the main dynamical ingredient of spin foams, the simplicity constraints. For a certain class of these spin net models we determine the phase diagram and therefore the continuum phases via a coarse graining procedure based on tensor network renormalization. This procedure will also reveal an unexpected fixed point, which turns out to define a new triangulation invariant vertex model.
Comparison of uterine preservation versus hysterectomy in women with placenta accreta: A cross-sectional study

Abstract Background Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is a major cause of obstetric bleeding in third trimester of pregnancy. Objective This study aimed to compare the outcomes of uterine preservation surgery vs. hysterectomy in women with PAS. Materials and Methods In this retrospective cross-sectional study, the records of 68 women with PAS referred to the Imam Khomeini hospital in Ahvaz, Iran, between March 2015 and February 2020 were included. The women were divided into 2 groups according to surgical approach: hysterectomy vs. uterine preservation (including just removing the lower segment, removing the lower segment with uterine artery ligation, or removing the lower segment with hypogastric artery ligation during cesarean section). The need for blood components transfusion (whole blood, packed cells, and fresh frozen plasma), maternal mortality, duration of surgery, and length of hospitalization were compared between groups. Results In total, we investigated 68 women between the ages of 24-45 yr (mean age of 32.88 ± 5.08 yr). All participants were multiparous and underwent cesarean section. Furthermore, 28 women (41.2%) had a history of curettage. In total, 24 women (35.3%) underwent a hysterectomy, and 44 (64.7%) underwent uterine preservative surgeries. There were no significant differences between groups of hysterectomy and uterine preservative surgeries in terms of the need for blood components transfusion, maternal mortality, duration of surgery, and length of hospitalization. Conclusion The results of this study showed no significant difference between groups regarding the studied outcomes. Therefore, conservative surgeries could be used to preserve the uterus instead of hysterectomy in women with PAS.
Design of a Compact Novel Stub Loaded Pentaband Bandpass Filter for Next Generation Wireless RF Front Ends

This paper presents a compact novel pentaband bandpass filter using a dual path stub loaded step impedance resonator (SLSIR). The proposed topology consists of a dual path <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda $ </tex-math></inline-formula>/4 and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2\lambda $ </tex-math></inline-formula>/3 long uniform impedance resonator centered separated by <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2\lambda $ </tex-math></inline-formula>/3 open and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda $ </tex-math></inline-formula>/12 short circuit stubs respectively. The superposition of signals from the two transmission routes results in a fifth-order pentaband bandpass response with six finite frequency transmission zeroes and out-of-band rejection of 11dB from 12 GHz up to 20 GHz. The filter produces five frequency bands at 1.06 GHz, 3.24 GHz, 5.36 GHz, 8.55 GHz and 10.78 GHz with fractional bandwidth (FBW) of 25.59 %, 22.22 %, 19.48 %, 16.03 % and 17.17 % respectively. The proposed design is fabricated on a high-frequency substrate with a physical size of (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.23\lambda _{g} \times 0.14\,\,\lambda _{g}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>). The new pentaband bandpass filter has a simple and compact design with good electrical performance. A fair match can be found between the simulated and experimental results.
OPTIMAL FILTERING OF LINEAR SYSTEM DRIVEN BY FRACTIONAL BROWNIAN MOTION

In this paper, we consider a continuous time filtering of a multi-dimensional Langevin stochastic differential system driven by a fractional Brownian motion process. It is shown that this filtering problem is equivalent to an optimal control problem involving convolutional integrals in its dynamical system. Then, a novel approximation scheme is developed and applied to this optimal control problem. It yields a sequence of standard optimal control problems. The convergence of the approximate standard optimal control problem to the optimal control problem involving convolutional integrals in its system dynamics is established. Two numerical examples are solved by using the method proposed. The results obtained clearly demonstrate its efficiency and effectiveness.
Outcrop scale mixing enhanced by permeability variations: the role of stationary and travelling waves of high saturation indices

Abstract To study the ore mineralization at the outcrop scale we merge an advection–diffusion simulation with the geochemical software iphreeqc to model the mixing of two realistic fluids. We simulate the infiltration of a metal-rich fluid into a rock that is saturated with pore fluid. We test the feedback effects with a number of scenarios based on an outcrop-scale 5 × 5 m model consisting of two high-permeable vertical faults within a low-permeable host rock that lead into a permeable layer. The hot metal-rich fluid enters the model through the faults from below. We solve the advection–diffusion equation for 12 chemical species and temperature, and use iphreeqc to determine the resulting properties of local fluid domains as well as related saturation indices for minerals. The faults in the model act as pathways for the metal-rich fluid, with the infiltrating fluid displacing the pore fluid. Mixing in the model takes place as a function of advection along permeable faults coupled with diffusion of chemical species at the interface between two fluids, while heat diffusion is fast enough (103 times faster) to equilibrate temperature. Simulations show a high saturation index of mixing-derived minerals such as barite at the interface between the two fluids as a result of fluid mixing. Fast fluid pathways (i.e. faults) show travelling waves of high saturation indices of barite, while low-permeability zones such as fault walls and areas below less permeable layers experience stationary waves of high saturation indices. Our results show that, depending on the dominant transport process (advection or diffusion), mineralization will localize next to permeability contrasts in zones where local diffusion dominates.
Frequency-Domain Deep Guided Image Denoising

Despite the tremendous advances in denoising techniques, it's still challenging to restore a clean image with salient structures based on one noisy observation, especially at high noise levels. In this work, we propose a frequency-domain guided denoising algorithm to conduct denoising with the help of a well-aligned guidance image. Thanks to their structural correlations, the frequency characteristics of the guidance image can indicate whether the frequency coefficients of the noisy target image are contributed by noise or textures. Therefore, the explicit frequency decomposition enables our denoising model to avoid over-smoothing detailed contents. However, as two input images are usually captured in different fields, their structures are not always consistent. Therefore, we model guided denoising with an optimization problem which considers both the representation model of the guidance image and the fidelity to the noisy target. Further, we design a convolutional neural network, called as FGDNet, to explore the optimal solution. Due to the visual masking phenomenon, human eyes are sensitive to noise in the flat areas, but may not perceive noise around edges or textures. Therefore, we expect to remove as much noise as possible to guarantee the spatial smoothness of flat contents, while also preserving high-frequency structures. Through frequency decomposition, our model can process the low-frequency and high-frequency contents separately. We also adopt a frequency-relevant loss function to train the network. Experimental results show that, compared with state-of-the-art guided and non-guided denoisers, our FGDNet achieves higher denoising accuracy and better visual quality in both flat and texture-rich regions.
A Portable MR Sensor for Rapid Discrimination of Ex Vivo Breast Cancerous Tissue in Mice

The conventional diagnosis examination for cancerous tissue relies on the cumbersome and time-consuming pathologic section technology. In this article, we propose a 1-T portable magnetic resonance (MR) sensor equipped with a 3-mm probe, which enabled the rapid discrimination of ex vivo breast cancerous tissue in mice based on the MR longitudinal relaxation time (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${T}_{{1}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) measurement approach. First, the excellent distinction ability between ex vivo breast cancerous tissue and normal tissue using the proposed 1-T portable MR sensor is demonstrated. The <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${T}_{{1}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> contrast (i.e., <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${T}_{\text {1cancerous}}/{T}_{\text {1normal}})$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is also compared with the other magnetic field strength MR systems, i.e., 0.23, 0.51, and 1.41 T. The results show that the average values of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${T}_{{1}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> contrast at different MR measurement systems are all about 1.41. Then, the potential of the proposed 1-T MR sensor is validated in terms of sensitivity and portability. Finally, the limitations and future work of this preliminary study are discussed. Taken together, the proposed 1-T portable MR sensor with the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${T}_{{1}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> value measurement approach has the promise to provide a low-cost, rapid, and accurate means for clinical assessment of the properties of tissue specimens, especially the trace tissue specimen taken from biopsy techniques.
Limits on the observable dynamics of mixed states

It is shown that the observability of a large class of operations on mixed states is fundamentally limited. We consider trace preserving, unital operations. This class includes unitary and perfect premeasurement operations. An upper bound on the trace distance between an untransformed state and a state transformed by one of these operations is derived. The bound is dependent only on the purity of the state. In the case of maximal mixedness, the bound implies all operations of this class are unobservable.
Financial Reporting Quality: The Effectiveness of the Corporate Governance Quality Evidence from Indonesia

This study aims to examine and analyze the influence of the quality of corporate governance on the quality of financial reporting in Indonesia; Using panel data on all companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period 2010 - 2018, except financial companies. Financial companies are not sampled because they have different financial reporting systems and regulations in Indonesia. The final sample used in this study was 2014 companies. Corporate governance quality (CG quality) is measured using a corporate governance index that we have developed in accordance with GCG regulations and other regulations that apply in Indonesia. The quality of financial reports is proxied by discretionary accruals using the modified jones model, while the robust model uses accruals from the Kothari models. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression with the SPSS software version 17. The results of our study found that the quality of corporate financial reports as measured by discretionary accruals was positively influenced by the quality of corporate governance in both the Jones model and the Kothari model at a significance level of 1%, which means that the higher the quality of corporate governance, the higher the quality of corporate governance, the more quality the company's financial statements will be and vice versa.