Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Incorporation of Plant-Based Diet Surpasses Current Standards in Therapeutic Outcomes in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

There has been no study of the therapeutic effect of a plant-based diet (PBD) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) except for our studies in Japan. In this review, we describe the rationale for the requirement of PBD in IBD and the outcomes of our modality incorporating PBD together with a literature review. The biggest problem in current therapy for IBD is the lack of a widely appreciated ubiquitous environmental factor in IBD. Therefore, a radical strategy against IBD has not been established. Japanese data showed an increased incidence of IBD in association with dietary westernization. Current global consumption consists of an excess of unhealthy foods and a shortage of healthy foods recognized as pro-inflammatory. Patients with IBD are no exception. One of the recommended healthy reference diets is PBD recognized as anti-inflammatory. We assert that IBD occurs in susceptible individuals mainly as a result of our omnivorous (westernized) diet. Therefore, we developed and began to provide a PBD, a lacto-ovo-vegetarian diet, for IBD patients in 2003. Infliximab and PBD as first-line (IPF) therapy was administered for all patients with newly developed Crohn’s disease (CD) and for severe ulcerative colitis (UC). Our modality broke the barrier of primary nonresponders to biologics, with a remission rate of 96% in CD, and created a new relapse-free course in slightly over half of the patients (52%) with CD. Based on the rationale derived from available evidence and the clinical outcomes, PBD is highly recommended for IBD.
Bifurcations and Strange Behavior in Instability Saturation by Nonlinear Mode Coupling

A simple model for the nonlinear saturation of an instability is studied via numerical solution of the resonant three-wave coupling equations in the case where the high-frequency wave is linearly unstable and the two lower-frequency waves are linearly damped. The solutions are shown to undergo interesting qualitative changes as the damping rate of the stable waves is increased. These changes include bifurcations to increasingly complicated periodic motions and the apparently chaotic motions, possibly indicative of the presence of a strange attractor.
A 24–30 GHz SiGe Upconversion Mixer With Distributed Baluns for Broadband Applications

This letter presented a wideband 24–30-GHz upconversion mixer with distributed baluns implemented in a 0.13-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\boldsymbol {\mu }\text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> SiGe bipolar complementary metal oxide semiconductor (BiCMOS) technology. Distributed-balun-based networks (DBBNs) based on patchy conjugacy of varying-impedance matching are used for good gain flatness and sideband rejection. Moreover, an optimized IF matching network is proposed for wideband signal transformation. With 35.7-mW dc-power consumption, the measurement result demonstrates a conversion gain of −4.1 dB with a good flatness of ±0.5 dB from 24 to 30 GHz. The measured best sideband-reject ratio can reach up to 28 dB. The measured LO–RF isolation is better than −32 dB within the operating bandwidth. The measured <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\boldsymbol {S_{11}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of the IF port is smaller than −10 dB for 4.8–20 GHz. The measured output 1-dB compression point (OP1 dB) is 0.5 dBm at 28 GHz. The proposed mixer exhibits good broadband characteristics for wideband applications.
The next frontier of the Internet of Behaviors: data-driven nudging in smart tourism

PurposeThis conceptual study examines the implications of the Internet of Behaviors (IoB) for tourism stakeholders in a hyper-connected and data-driven world.Design/methodology/approachBased on nudge theory, a literature review and empirical evidence from multidisciplinary research, this study explores the implications of the IoB for smart tourism.FindingsThis study reviews the literature, presents a conceptual framework and proposes a research agenda with areas for future research.Originality/valueThe research on the IoB is nascent. Therefore, it is critical to understand how data-driven nudging influences tourist behavior.
IRAS low-resolution spectra of galaxies

The spectra of external galaxies are selected and extracted from the IRAS LRS database. Twenty-one objects present viable spectra. One is a peculiar star-forming E-S0 galaxy. The remainder are all starburst or H II region galaxies. Their average spectrum demonstrates the importance of the PAH emission bands in the 8-23-micron region and reinforces the conclusion reached from ground-based spectra, that there is a strong correlation between the PAH bands and the starburst or H II region character of a galaxy. 32 refs.
Triangulation of arbitrary polyhedra to support automatic mesh generators

An algorithm is presented for the triangulation of arbitrary non-convex polyhedral regions starting with a prescribed boundary triangulation matching existing mesh entities in the remainder of the domain. The algorithm is designed to circumvent the termination problems of volume meshing algorithms which manifest themselves in the inability to successfully create tetrahedra within small subdomains to be referred to herein as cavities. To address this need, a robust Delaunay algorithm with an eecient and termination guaranteed face recovery method is the most appropriate approach. The algorithm begins with Delaunay vertex insertion followed by a face recovery method that conserves the boundary of the cavity by utilizing local mesh modiication operations such as edge split, collapse and swap and a new set of tools which we call complex splits. The local mesh modiications are performed in such a manner that each original surface triangulation is represented either as was, or as a concatenation of triangles. When done in this manner, it is always possible to split the matching mesh entities, ensuring that a compatible mesh is created. The algorithm is robust and has been tested against complex manifold and non-manifold cavities resulting in a valid mesh of the entire domain.
SELF HEALING COMPOSITE FOR AIRCRAFT'S STRUCTURAL APPLICATION

When one cuts himself, it is amazing to watch how quickly the body acts to mend the wound. Immediately, the body works to pull the skin around the cut back together. The concept of repair by bleeding of enclosed functional agents serves as the biomimetic inspiration of synthetic self repair systems. Such synthetic self repair systems are based on advancement in polymeric materials; the process of human thrombosis is the inspiration for the application of self healing fibres within the composite materials. Results based on flexural 3 point bend test on the prepared samples have shown that the doubled layer healed hollow fibre laminate subjected to a healing regime of 3 weeks has a healed strength increase of 27% compared to the damaged baseline laminate. These results gave us confidence that there is a great potential to adopt such self healing mechanism on actual composite parts like in aircraft's composite structures.
DYNAMICAL MODEL FOR THE TOROIDAL SPORADIC METEORS

More than a decade of radar operations by the Canadian Meteor Orbit Radar have allowed both young and moderately old streams to be distinguished from the dispersed sporadic background component. The latter has been categorized according to broad radiant regions visible to Earth-based observers into three broad classes: the helion and anti-helion source, the north and south apex sources, and the north and south toroidal sources (and a related arc structure). The first two are populated mainly by dust released from Jupiter-family comets and new comets. Proper modeling of the toroidal sources has not to date been accomplished. Here, we develop a steady-state model for the toroidal source of the sporadic meteoroid complex, compare our model with the available radar measurements, and investigate a contribution of dust particles from our model to the whole population of sporadic meteoroids. We find that the long-term stable part of the toroidal particles is mainly fed by dust released by Halley type (long period) comets (HTCs). Our synthetic model reproduces most of the observed features of the toroidal particles, including the most troublesome low-eccentricity component, which is due to a combination of two effects: particles' ability to decouple from Jupiter and circularize by the Poynting–Robertson effect, and large collision probability for orbits similar to that of the Earth. Our calibrated model also allows us to estimate the total mass of the HTC-released dust in space and check the flux necessary to maintain the cloud in a steady state.
SPECIAL ISSUE: Violation of CP in variance, C asymmetry, and baryon asymmetry of the universe

This form of notation is connected with the quark concept; we ascribe to the/? , n, and Л quarks n c = + I, and to antiquarks, и,. = — 1. The theory proposes that under laboratory conditions processes involving violation of п в and и д play a negligible role, but they were very important during the earlier stage of the expansion of the universe. We assume that the universe is neutral with respect to the conserved charges (lepton, electric, and combined), but С asymmetrical during the given instant of its development (the positive lepton charge is concentrated in the electrons and the negative lepton charge in the excess of antineutrinos over the neutrinos; the positive electric charge is concentrated in the protons and the negative in the electrons; the positive combined charge is concentrated in the baryons, and the negative in the excess of fi neutrinos over/z antineutrinos). According to our hypothesis, the occurrence of С asymmetry is the consequence of violation of CP in variance in the nonstationary expansion of the hot universe during the superdense stage, as manifest in the difference between the partial probabilities of the charge-conjugate reactions. This effect has not yet been observed experimentally, but its existence is theoretically undisputed (the first concrete example, I, + and 2 _ decay, was pointed out by S. Okubo as early as 1958) and should, in our opinion, have much cosmological significance. We assume that the asymmetry has occurred in an earlier stage of the expansion, in which the particle, energy, and entropy densities, the Hubble constant, and the temperatures were of the order of unity in gravitational units (in conventional units the particle and energy densities were n~ 10
Nowhere zero 4-flow in regular matroids

Jensen and Toft [8] conjectured that every 2-edge-connected graph without a K5-minor has a nowhere zero 4-flow. Walton and Welsh [19] proved that if a coloopless regular matroid M does not have a minor in {M(K3,3), M*(K5)}, then M admits a nowhere zero 4-flow. In this note, we prove that if a coloopless regular matroid M does not have a minor in {M(K5), M*(K5)}, then M admits a nowhere zero 4-flow. Our result implies the Jensen and Toft conjecture. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory
In Vitro Testing and Clinical Handling of a Novel Implant Positioning Technology for Proximal Humeral Plating

Background and Objectives: Fractures of the proximal humerus are common, particularly in elderly populations. Anatomical locking plates target stabilization with a multitude of screws spanning into the humeral head. Sound implant placement and screw length determination are key for a successful clinical outcome but are difficult to obtain from planar X-rays. A novel implant positioning technology for proximal humerus plating (Xin1) outputs screw lengths suggestions and plate position based on hole projections in conventional X-ray images. This study investigated the performance of a prototype Xin1 system in a postmortem (in vitro) experiment as well as in a clinical handling test. Materials and Methods: For in vitro testing, twelve shoulders from six anatomical specimens were randomized into two groups to compare the Xin1 technique to the conventional operation in terms of surgical precision, procedure time and X-ray exposure. For the clinical trial, 11 patients undergoing plating of the proximal humerus were included. The aim was to investigate clinical handling of the Xin1 marker clip and to retrospectively evaluate the system performance in a real-life fracture situation. Image pairs before and after insertion of the proximal screws were retrospectively processed to investigate the influence of potential bone fragment shifts on the system output. Results: In the postmortem experiment, the use of the system significantly improved the surgical precision (52% error reduction), procedure time (38% shorter) and radiation exposure (64% less X-rays). Clinical handling demonstrated seamless embedding of the marker clip into existing clinical workflows without adverse events reported. Retrospective X-ray analysis on six eligible patients revealed differences in the calculated screw lengths of ≤2 mm before and after screw insertion for five patients. In one patient, the screw lengths differed up to 8 mm, which might indicate displacement of the head fragment. Conclusions: Results suggest a strong potential of the Xin1 assistance technology to enhance the surgical procedure and patient outcomes in the rising incidence of osteoporotic humeral fractures. Robust performance in a real-life fracture situation was observed. In-depth validation of the system is, however, needed before placing it into clinical practice.
Monte Carlo Evaluation of Greeks for Multidimensional Barrier and Lookback Options

In this paper, we consider the problem of the numerical computation of Greeks for a multidimensional barrier and lookback style options: the payoff function depends in a rather general way on the minima and maxima of the coordinates of the d‐dimensional underlying asset process. Using Malliavin calculus techniques, we derive additional weights that enable computation of the Greeks using Monte Carlo simulations. Numerical experiments confirm the efficiency of the method. This work is a multidimensional extension of previous results (see Gobet and Kohatsu‐Higa 2001 ).
REFLECTION PRINCIPLES FOR GENERAL WIENER FUNCTION SPACES

It is well-known that the ordinary single-parameter Wiener space exhibits a reflection principle. In this paper we establish a reflection principle for a generalized one-parameter Wiener space and apply it to the integration of a class of functionals on this space. We also discuss several notions of a reflection principle for the two-parameter Wiener space, and explore whether these actually hold.
Alfvén wave heating of coronal holes and the relation to the high‐speed solar wind

Coronal hole regions are well-known sources of high-speed solar wind; however, to account for the observed properties of the solar wind, a source of energy must be included in addition to heat conduction. Alfven waves were suggested as the possible source of heating that accelerates the solar wind. We investigate the heating and propagation of the fast and shear Alfven waves in coronal holes via numerical solution of the time-dependent, linearized, resistive, low-β, two-dimensional MHD equations in slab geometry. The waves are driven at the lower boundary of the coronal hole and propagate into the corona. We find that fast waves are partially reflected at the coronal hole boundary and significant part of the wave energy leaks out of the coronal hole. We compare the calculated wavelengths and the attenuation rate of the fast waves in the leaky waveguide formed by the coronal hole with the analytical ideal MHD solutions for ky = 0, where ky is the perpendicular wavenumber, and find an excellent agreement. When ky ≠ 0 the fast waves couple to the shear Alfven waves and transfer energy across field lines. Resonance heating layers are found to occur when shear Alfven waves are driven and a continuous density profile is assumed for the coronal hole. When resonance absorption is considered, the leakage is small compared to the heating rate. The heating is enhanced by phase mixing when coronal hole inhomogeneities (i.e., plumes) are included. We investigate the dependence of the heating rate on the driver frequency and the Lundquist number S and find a good agreement with the analytical S1/3 scaling of the dissipation length. We find that when S = 104 the low-frequency Alfven waves can be a significant source of heating of coronal holes at several solar radii. At larger values of S, nonlinear effects might reduce the effective dissipation length. We discuss the relation of our results to the observed properties of high-speed solar wind and coronal holes.
Effect of post-processing methods on the surface quality of Ti6Al4V fabricated by laser powder bed fusion

Ti6Al4V is widely used in aerospace and medical applications, where high demands on dimensional accuracy and surface quality require the application of post-processing to achieve optimal performance. However, the surface quality of parts fabricated by LPBF is inferior due to the inherent defects of LPBF. Therefore, it is important to investigate the effect of post-processing on the surface quality of Ti6A14V parts fabricated by LPBF. In this work, the effect of post-processing methods (i.e., sandblasting, electrolytic polishing, chemical polishing, and abrasive flow polishing) on the surface quality of Ti6Al4V fabricated by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) additive manufacturing was investigated. The changes in surface roughness and morphology of the 45° inclined square and curved pipe Ti6Al4V samples processed with post-processing were observed, and the weight and elemental changes of the parts were also analyzed. The result reveals that sandblasting, electrolytic polishing, chemical polishing, and abrasive flow polishing are all effective in improving the surface quality of Ti6Al4V parts fabricated by LPBF. The effect of sandblasting is mainly caused by sharp-edged grit driven by high-speed airflow, resulting in the lowest surface roughness and the least influence on the weight, but may contaminate the surface with residual brown corundum. Electrolytic polishing and chemical polishing achieve surface quality improvement through different corrosion patterns without changing the surface composition. The surface smoothness of parts processed with chemical polishing is the best, while the weight loss rate of the sample processed with electrolytic polishing is the most at about 7.47%. Abrasive flow polishing presents a remarkable effect on polishing the internal surface of the Ti6Al4V sample by the extrusion scratching, extrusion deformation, and micro-cutting effects of abrasive on the surface. The findings can provide important engineering references for the post-processing of precision Ti6Al4V parts fabricated by LPBF and further promote the engineering applications of Ti6Al4V parts.
Repellent Activity of Plant Extracts, Essential Oils and their Combinations against Different Mosquito Species: A Review

Mosquitoes are majorly responsible for causing vector-borne diseases such as malaria, filariasis, chikungunya, dengue, zika, yellow fever, west nile etc. Aedes, Anopheles, Culex are the main genera among other mosquitoes’ species, that are affecting human beings with such dreadful diseases worldwide. To control the transmission of diseases by mosquitoes generally mosquito nets, ITNs and LLINs, DDT, DEET, IR3535 are being used. Prolong use of these harmful chemicals not only cause development of resistance in mosquitoes but also have shown adverse effects on humans as well as on environment. So, there is a growing urge/need of finding a suitable mosquito repellent from natural origin, that have potential to prevent such vector-borne diseases with least side-effects on humans as well as on environment. In this review, we have enlisted various Essential oils (EO) that are having mosquito repellent properties and some of them such as Cymbopogon nardus, Eucalyptus maculata, Cymbopogon excavatus, Mentha piperita, Azadirachta indica are already used in various mosquito repellent formulations that are being marketed presently. EO of particular plant can be extracted from respective parts of it such as seeds, roots, rhizomes, stems, leaves, bracts, fruits, bark and inflorescences mainly by hydrodistillation and steam distillation. Gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is the identification technique used for identification of EO constituents. In addition, the combinations of potent EOs are also found to be the best effective way to be used as mosquito repellent so that repellent potential enhanced due to synergism as well as negates the harmful effects of individual oils. The efficiency of essential oils as well as its protection time can also be enhanced by using vanillin and formulation techniques like microencapsulation and nanoemulsion. Based on market coverage as well as economical cost, synthetic repellents are frequently marketed than essential oils but these EOs, extracts or natural products have the potential to provide efficient and safer repellents for humans as well as the environment
Polarimetric Littrow Spectrograph - instrument calibration and first measurements

We present first measurements and the calibration procedure for the Polarimetric Littrow Spectrograph (POLIS) operated at the Vacuum Tower Telescope on Tenerife, together with a brief summary of the technical characteristics of the instrument. In its present configuration, we achieve a polarimetric accuracy of about $3 \times 10^{-3}$ in the visible channel (630 nm) of the instrument. The accuracy is limited by cross talk among the different polarization states. The detection limit for polarized light is about $2 \times 10^{-3}$ for a 7 s exposure. Polarimetric measurements in the blue channel ($\ion{Ca}{ii}$ H line, 396.7 nm) are strongly limited by the low photon flux. At this wavelength we present Stokes- V maps with a spatial resolution of about 0.5 arcs. The polarimetric quality of any spectropolarimeter is limited by the precision of the instrument calibration. We present a new method for self-calibration that reduces cross talk among the polarization components to 0.1%. This improvement results from a measurement of the retardance of the calibration waveplate with an accuracy of 0.1°. We demonstrate the capability of the simultaneous use of POLIS and the Tenerife Infrared Polarimeter which is integrated in the main spectrograph of the Vacuum Tower Telescope.