Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Numerical Modelling of Macquarie Harbour, Tasmania

Macquarie Harbour on Tasmania's west coast is a wild and beautiful place and until recently there was limited understanding of its dynamics. With changes proposed for this complicated system, numerical modeling has been a useful tool for understanding and managing this valuable resource. This paper describes the development and application of a numerical model to this system, which includes the harbour proper, and parts of the Gordon River, King River and the Southern Ocean. The model combines two dimensional (laterally averaged) models of the rivers and ocean, with a three dimensional model of the harbour. The model was applied to give an understanding of overall system behaviour, major circulation structures and water quality distributions; then to look at the impact of proposed changes to river flow regimes and a proposed treated effluent outfall. As well as an improved understanding of the system, the model is able to provide input for decision making about proposed changes that impact Macquarie Harbour.
An Assessment of Livelihood Vulnerability
of Tourism Smallholders in the Upper Reaches
of Yihe River, China

Livelihood vulnerability inquiries in their current form prove insufficient in accounting for the dynamic aspects of livelihoods. In consideration of the generally adopted “Scenic spots + communities + smallholder” tourism development model in rural revitalization in China, a Tourism Livelihood Vulnerability Index (TLVI) was developed to estimate the vulnerability of tourism smallholders in the upper reaches of Yihe River, China. Data was collected from 524 smallholders and 7 tourism villages. The statistical results showed that the livelihood strategies of smallholders in tourism destination communities can be divided into four categories: Tourism – oriented (TO), Tourism and part-time migrant work (TPM), Migrant work and part – time tourism (MPT), and Migrant work – oriented (MO). The TLVI showed significant disparities among four livelihood groups, with MPT smallholders emerging as the most vulnerable, sensitive, and least adaptive. In contrast, TO smallholders displayed the least sensitivity, exposure, TLVI
Online Social Networks and Women’s Entrepreneurship: A Comparative Study between Iran and Hungary

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of online social networks on women’s entrepreneurship in Hungary and Iran in a comparative study. The statistical population of the present study consists of women entrepreneurs active in the field of online businesses in Iran and Hungary. The questionnaire was distributed via online links on social networks (on the online business website, Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram), and respondents were asked to answer questions if they were women entrepreneurs. ANOVA test was used to examine the variable of online social networks on different platforms in Iran and Hungary. The results indicate that Facebook media in Hungary in women entrepreneurship is significantly different from other online social networks. Based on the data collected, more than 95% of women entrepreneurs in Hungary use Facebook. Conversely, in Iran, Instagram has a significant difference in women's entrepreneurship from other online social networks and is the most popular media in women’s entrepreneurship. So that more than 92% of female respondents in Iran have a channel related to their online business in Instagram media. These important findings emphasize the importance and impact of social networks as entrepreneurial channels according to the atmosphere of each country.
Implementing the Kyoto Protocol in the European Community

This paper describes the role of the European Community (EC) in negotiating the Kyoto Protocol and then focuses on the progress of the European Union (EU) towards meeting its Kyoto commitments. The EC ratified the Kyoto Protocol on May 31, 2002. It has pledged to meet the implied target of an 8 percent reduction in greenhouse gas emissions between 2008 and 2012 compared to 1990 levels. The European Union, as well as its Member States, is putting in place a set of policies and measures to achieve this. An analysis of greenhouse gas projections by the Member States themselves and Europe-wide model projections, however, show that this target is unlikely to be met with the envisaged domestic policies alone. The remaining gap would have to be closed using the Kyoto mechanisms or by developing and implementing additional domestic policies. So far, few EU Member States have yet taken concrete steps to realise this.
Tectonic evolution of the Central Steep Zone, Axum area, northern Ethiopia: inferences from magnetic and geochemical data

Abstract Northern Ethiopia is marked by a fanning system of thrust planes with NW-dipping structures in the east and southeast-dipping in the west. The central zone of this large-scale (200 km long) structure is formed by a c. 10 km wide zone of localized strain and amphibolites facies metamorphic conditions (680 °C and 3.4 kbar) referred to as the Central Steep Zone (CSZ). The CSZ comprises a mafic rock assemblage of amphibolite, serpentinite showing ocean-floor characteristics and calc-silicate schist. A monzonite intrusion in the central part of the CSZ post-dates the deformation and is related to partial melting of the mafic rocks. Magnetic fabric measurements reveal NE-trending (043°) steep foliations in the CSZ with vertical orientation of lineation, parallel to the axes of micro-folds. This high-strain zone is interpreted as central zone of a positive flower structure on the basis of simultaneous flattening and shear movement, typical for transpressive kinematics. The CSZ has a northern continuation into the Nafka terrane of Eritrea where it can be traced over a distance of 200 km. This high-strain belt forms a major structure in the context of Arabian–Nubian Shield (ANS) collision tectonics during the closure of the Mozambique Ocean and assembly of Gondwana.
The Pharmacological Implications of Flavopiridol: An Updated Overview

Flavopiridol is a flavone synthesized from the natural product rohitukine, which is derived from an Indian medicinal plant, namely Dysoxylum binectariferum Hiern. A deeper understanding of the biological mechanisms by which such molecules act may allow scientists to develop effective therapeutic strategies against a variety of life-threatening diseases, such as cancer, viruses, fungal infections, parasites, and neurodegenerative diseases. Mechanistic insight of flavopiridol reveals its potential for kinase inhibitory activity of CDKs (cyclin-dependent kinases) and other kinases, leading to the inhibition of various processes, including cell cycle progression, apoptosis, tumor proliferation, angiogenesis, tumor metastasis, and the inflammation process. The synthetic derivatives of flavopiridol have overcome a few demerits of its parent compound. Moreover, these derivatives have much improved CDK-inhibitory activity and therapeutic abilities for treating severe human diseases. It appears that flavopiridol has potential as a candidate for the formulation of an integrated strategy to combat and alleviate human diseases. This review article aims to unravel the potential therapeutic effectiveness of flavopiridol and its possible mechanism of action.
Nonparametric Modeling and Control of Ship Steering Motion Based on Local Gaussian Process Regression

This paper aims to study the nonparametric modeling and control of ship steering motion. Firstly, the black box response model is derived based on the Nomoto model. Then, the establishment of a nonparametric response model and prediction of ship steering motion are realized by applying the local Gaussian process regression (LGPR) algorithm. To assess the performance of LGPR, two cases are studied, including a Mariner class vessel by using simulation data and a KVLCC2 tanker model by using experimental data. The results reveal that the response model identified by LGPR presents good prediction accuracy and low computational burden. Finally, the identified response model is used as the basis for developing the ship heading controller, and the results demonstrate that the proposed controller is able to achieve good dynamic performance.
A hydrogeological and geochemical study of the origin and nature of the prairie flats uranium deposit, Summerland, BC

An investigation of the hydrogeology and groundwater geochemistry was carried out at the Prairie Flats surficial uranium deposit in Summerland, B.C. The deposit contains an estimated 230 tonnes of uranium, most of which is concentrated in the upper half-metre of soil. It is believed to have formed out of the discharge of uraniferous groundwaters into organic-rich sediments over a period of 10,000 years. Objectives of this study were 1) to trace the origins of the groundwaters transporting uranium into the site, 2) to measure current rates of groundwater discharge and uranium deposition, 3) to identify the mechanism(s) of uranium retention, such as adsorption, reductive precipitation or evaporative precipitation, and 4) to comment on" the likelihood of uranium remobilization. A literature review was first carried out to characterize the area's local and regional groundwater systems. Next, a network of 13 piezometers was installed across the site, with completion depths ranging from 1 to 3 metres. Using these, hydraulic conductivities of the hydrostratigraphic units were measured, and relative head values were monitored at four different times of year. Groundwater and surface waters were tested for pH, Eh, conductivity, and concentrations of U, Ca, Mg, Na, K, N0 3 , HC0 3 , S0 4 , and Cl. Measurements of groundwater discharge into Prairie Creek, which crosses the site, were also carried out. Results show that the flats are a discharge zone for locally recharged groundwaters, that is groundwaters that infiltrate within a few kilometers of the site and travel at depths of less than 100m within glacial deposits and shallow bedrock. These groundwaters are neutral in pH, relatively oxidizing, and enriched in calcium and bicarbonate. Discharge rates are on the order of 9450 m/year, most of which flows vertically upward from below the deposit. As uranium concentrations in the incoming groundwaters are up to 100u.g/L, current uranium deposition rates are estimated to be around 1 kg/year. This is at least ten times lower than that calculated using the estimated size and age of the deposit, which suggests that uranium deposition rates were higher in the past than they are today. A major fraction of the uranium is held by adsorption to organics, however desorption by the formation of soluble complexes with bicarbonate is also evident. Two field observations show that soil aeration.or exposure to septic discharge may also remobilize uranium. Uranium which is not held by adsorption is precipitated as a reduced uranium mineral, probably U02(C). Relatively more reducing conditions near ground surface than at depth may help to explain the high concentrations of uranium within the top half-metre of soil.
Current trends of clinical trials involving CRISPR/Cas systems

The CRISPR/Cas9 system is a powerful genome editing tool that has made enormous impacts on next-generation molecular diagnostics and therapeutics, especially for genetic disorders that traditional therapies cannot cure. Currently, CRISPR-based gene editing is widely applied in basic, preclinical, and clinical studies. In this review, we attempt to identify trends in clinical studies involving CRISPR techniques to gain insights into the improvement and contribution of CRISPR/Cas technologies compared to traditional modified modalities. The review of clinical trials is focused on the applications of the CRISPR/Cas systems in the treatment of cancer, hematological, endocrine, and immune system diseases, as well as in diagnostics. The scientific basis underlined is analyzed. In addition, the challenges of CRISPR application in disease therapies and recent advances that expand and improve CRISPR applications in precision medicine are discussed.
Antibypassing Four-Stage Dynamic Behavior Modeling for Time-Efficient Evasive Malware Detection

With the widespread adoption of virtualization technology, it is imperative to strengthen its security, and dynamically modeling and instantly trapping malicious behaviors are challenging problems. Extant detection methods will be invalidated after the evasive malware manipulates the behavior trace. Currently, there is no approach to model the complex dynamic behavior of evasive malware, leading to missed opportunities for optimal detection. This work first presents antibypassing four-stage dynamic behavior modeling for time-efficient evasive malware detection (AFDBM-TEMD). AFDBM-TEMD models the interaction between evasive malware and its execution environment, identifying the optimal detection phases for various evasive malware. Moreover, it traps the crucial instructions and system calls invoked by the evasive malware into the virtual machine monitor layer to obtain the dynamic behavior information (including transmitted parameters, execution time, process information, return values, etc.) to identify the malicious software. Experimental results show that AFDBM-TEMD achieves new state-of-the-art results, and the proposed dynamic behavior modeling method has wide applicability, while the average detection time reaches milliseconds. Specifically, the detection rate is improved from 0–56.52% to 100% in contrast with the comparative methods, and the detection speed is increased by more than six times.
SpatialSSJP: QoS-Aware Adaptive Approximate Stream-Static Spatial Join Processor

The widespread adoption of Internet of Things (IoT) motivated the emergence of mixed workloads in smart cities, where fast arriving geo-referenced big data streams are joined with archive tables, aiming at enriching streams with descriptive attributes that enable insightful analytics. Applications are now relying on finding, in real-time, to which geographical regions data streaming tuples belong. This problem requires a computationally intensive stream-static join for joining a dynamic stream with a disk-resident static table. In addition, the time-varying nature of fluctuation in geospatial data arriving online calls for an approximate solution that can trade-off QoS constraints while ensuring that the system survives sudden spikes in data loads. In this paper, we present SpatialSSJP, an adaptive spatial-aware approximate query processing system that specifically focuses on stream-static joins in a way that guarantees achieving an agreed set of Quality-of-Service goals and maintains geo-statistics of stateful online aggregations over stream-static join results. SpatialSSJP employs a state-of-art stratified-like sampling design to select well-balanced representative geospatial data stream samples and serve them to a stream-static geospatial join operator downstream. We implemented a prototype atop Spark Structured Streaming. Our extensive evaluations on big real datasets show that our system can survive and mitigate harsh join workloads and outperform state-of-art baselines by significant magnitudes, without risking rigorous error bounds in terms of the accuracy of the output results. SpatialSSJP achieves a relative accuracy gain against plain Spark joins of approximately 10% in worst cases but reaching up to 50% in best case scenarios.
Software Defined Security Flow Scheduling Method Based on PSO Algorithm

To solve the problem of link load imbalance and bandwidth waste in software defined security, a secure traffic scheduling method based on particle swarm optimization is proposed in this paper. This method combines the software defined security controller to obtain the network topology information and the current link bandwidth resource status, aiming at the matching degree between the link bandwidth and the network flow size and the function matching degree between the link node and the network flow service chain, combined with specific constraints to establish the objective function. The optimized particle swarm optimization algorithm finds out the best scheduling path of network traffic from the shortest path set. The experiment results show that compared with other algorithms, the proposed algorithm can improve the average throughput of the network and maintain a low packet loss rate in the process of traffic transmission, thus reducing the waste of bandwidth resources and realizing the load balancing of software defined network security traffic better.
Tsunami Hazard Mapping and Evacuation Path Determination using field Survey and Geographical Information Systems at Widarapayung Wetan, Cilacap

In 2006, a tsunami hit Pangandaran, and its effects were felt in Cilacap. There were 664 fatalities, 498 injuries, and 55 million dollars in damages, and 1623 homes were destroyed or severely damaged due to the tsunami. Furthermore, the village of Widarapayung was among those devastated by the tsunami, which reached a height of up to 5 meters and claimed the lives of 12 people. In addition, Widarapayung is a popular tourist destination and one of the venues for 2019’s professional surfing events. Therefore, disaster prevention measures are essential to lessen the impact of disasters and save lives. The objective of this study is to assess the vulnerability of the Widarapayung Wetan area to a tsunami and make recommendations for evacuation routes and regional infrastructure development to reduce casualties and damage. This research utilized COMCOT to model the megathrust segment with a possible magnitude of 8.7, with worst-case values acquired from the catalog PuSGeN 2017. Additionally, the data on topography and bathymetry collected by DEMNAS and BATNAS are utilized in this investigation. The modeling results indicated a 50-minute arrival time for the tsunami waves, a maximum run-up height of 14-18 meters, and a submerged area of roughly 4.57 km2. In addition, the most effective evacuation routes were determined by combining the outcomes of field surveys and Geographic Information System simulations. This research will provide local governments with helpful information for making informed decisions about infrastructure and spatial development in the future.
Appropriate use of antiplatelet medications following transient ischemic attacks and stroke: a 9-year study from the Middle East

Background and purpose Guidelines recommend that patients with high-risk TIAs and minor strokes presenting within 1–3 days from onset should be offered dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT). There are little data on real-world adherence to these recommendations. We evaluated the appropriateness of DAPT use in TIA and stroke patients in a prospective database. Methods The Qatar Stroke Database began the enrollment of patients with TIAs and acute stroke in 2014 and currently has ~16,000 patients. For this study, we evaluated the rates of guideline-adherent use of antiplatelet treatment at the time of discharge in patients with TIAs and stroke. TIAs were considered high-risk with an ABCD2 score of 4, and a minor stroke was defined as an NIHSS of 3. Patient demographics, clinical features, risk factors, previous medications, imaging and laboratory investigations, final diagnosis, discharge medications, and discharge and 90-day modified Rankin Scale (mRS) were analyzed. Results After excluding patients with ICH, mimics, and rare secondary causes, 8,082 patients were available for final analysis (TIAs: 1,357 and stroke: 6,725). In high-risk TIAs, 282 of 666 (42.3%) patients were discharged on DAPT. In patients with minor strokes, 1,207 of 3,572 (33.8%) patients were discharged on DAPT. DAPT was inappropriately offered to 238 of 691 (34.4%) low-risk TIAs and 809 of 3,153 (25.7%) non-minor stroke patients. Conclusion This large database of prospectively collected patients with TIAs and stroke shows that, unfortunately, despite several guidelines, a large majority of patients with TIAs and stroke are receiving inappropriate antiplatelet treatment at discharge from the hospital. This requires urgent attention and further investigation.
Histological Characteristics of Conjunctiva-Associated Lymphoid Tissue in Young and Adult Holstein Cattle

Simple Summary Many animals exhibit immune cell aggregation in the conjunctiva which prevents the invasion of viruses and bacteria. However, the features and functions of conjunctival immune cell aggregates in cows are not fully understood. Microscopic observations confirmed conjunctival immune cell aggregation in calves and adult cows, similar to that in other animals. However, these structures of calves are small and poor in immune cells compared to those of adult cows. These results suggest that cows have a conjunctival local immune system similar to that of other animals, and that conjunctival immune function is weak in calves. These findings may help to prevent infectious diseases in cows. Abstract The conjunctiva-associated lymphoid tissue (CALT) has been used as a target site for mucosal vaccinations in several animals. In this study, we compared the morphological features of CALT in the eyelid and third eyelid between Holstein calves and adult cows. In the eyelids, CALTs in the form of diffused lymphoid tissue (DLT) and lymphatic follicles (LF) were observed, where DLTs were dominant and LFs were scarce. The CALTs of cows comprised T-, B-cells, macrophages, and antigen-presenting cells (APCs). In particular, B-cells were dominant except in the eyelids of the calves. The epithelial layer covering the CALT is often discontinuous and lacks goblet cells. Cytokeratin18 is strongly expressed in the epithelial layer covering the CALT, except in the third eyelids of adult cows. IgA-positive cells were diffusely distributed in the lamina propria of the conjunctiva of the eyelids and third eyelids. The eyelid CALT area in calves was lower than that in adult cows. Furthermore, the CALT of calves had a lower cellularity of B-cells and a higher cellularity of macrophages than that of adult cows. These histological characteristics indicate that CALT plays a role in the mucosal immune-inductive and effector sites. Furthermore, lower cellularity of B-cells in the CALT of calves indicates that the function of CALT as a mucosal immune induction site is less developed in calves than in adult cows.
Assessing a Virtual Platform’s Effectiveness in Exploring Mental Models of Robot Design

This work presents our strategy for investigating the fundamental guidelines and theories related to robot mind perception, and for establishing a metric for mental models, using our web-based tool, Build-A-Bot. We also discuss the effectiveness and efficiency of our platform by virtue of its inclusive design and its ability to visualize the user’s intended representation of a mental model for a robot through a 3D game-like interface. We conducted an observational user test study to assess if the website and the embedded robot building tool are effective and efficient to use for users. We found that the design of the robot creation platform and its associated website are considered intuitive and effective by a majority of our survey population. The Build-A-Bot platform successfully provides the ability for users to visualize their ideal representation of their mental model through an interactive game. Based on the obtained data, we propose further steps to optimize the Build-A-Bot platform for universal usability