Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Climatic response to Milankovitch forcing as simulated by a zonally averaged ocean-atmosphere-sea ice model

A reduced complexity ocean-atmosphere-sea ice model is developed to study the transient response of climate to Milankovitch forcing. The ocean component is a zonally averaged model of the meridional overturning circulation in different basins. The atmospheric component is a one-dimensional (latitudinal) energy-moisture balance model. A thermodynamic sea-ice model is used. The following numerical experiments are performed with this model. First, two time-dependent solutions of the model are obtained for the time interval 5-3 Myr BP. One solution does not include sea ice and the Arctic Ocean; the other solution does include these two features. A fixed hydrological cycle is used in both solutions. The main results from these experiments are the following: (i) changes in annual-mean surface air temperature mainly follow the obliquity-driven changes in annual-mean insolation, (ii) the partition of annual-mean ocean temperature variability among different Milankovitch frequencies significantly varies with latitude and depth, (iii) sea ice acts as a time-integrator of summer insolation changes so that the area and volume of sea-ice cover mainly oscillate at the obliquity frequency, and (iv) austral sea ice diminishes the temperature variability of deep water of southern origin. Second, one more time-dependent solution of the model is obtained for the last 1 Myr. For this solution, the model version without the Arctic Ocean and sea ice is extended to include an active hydrological cycle. When a changing hydrological cycle is included it is found that (i) the response of annual-mean surface air and ocean temperatures does not significantly change, and (ii) annual-mean hydrological variables (e.g., evaporation rate) mainly oscillate near the obliquity frequency. The long-term deep ocean temperature changes found in our model solutions are qualitatively consistent with similar variability observed in benthic foraminiferal δO records. The simulated hydrological changes are consistent with a mechanism previously postulated to explain the imprint of obliquity changes in deuterium excess records from polar ice sheet cores.
American Society of Clinical Oncology clinical practice guideline for the use of larynx-preservation strategies in the treatment of laryngeal cancer.

PURPOSE To develop a clinical practice guideline for treatment of laryngeal cancer with the intent of preserving the larynx (either the organ itself or its function). This guideline is intended for use by oncologists in the care of patients outside of clinical trials. METHODS A multidisciplinary Expert Panel determined the clinical management questions to be addressed and reviewed the literature available through November 2005, with emphasis given to randomized controlled trials of site-specific disease. Survival, rate of larynx preservation, and toxicities were the principal outcomes assessed. The guideline underwent internal review and approval by the Panel, as well as external review by additional experts, members of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Health Services Committee, and the ASCO Board of Directors. RESULTS Evidence supports the use of larynx-preservation approaches for appropriately selected patients without a compromise in survival; however, no larynx-preservation approach offers a survival advantage compared with total laryngectomy and adjuvant therapy with rehabilitation as indicated. RECOMMENDATIONS All patients with T1 or T2 laryngeal cancer, with rare exception, should be treated initially with intent to preserve the larynx. For most patients with T3 or T4 disease without tumor invasion through cartilage into soft tissues, a larynx-preservation approach is an appropriate, standard treatment option, and concurrent chemoradiotherapy therapy is the most widely applicable approach. To ensure an optimum outcome, special expertise and a multidisciplinary team are necessary, and the team should fully discuss with the patient the advantages and disadvantages of larynx-preservation options compared with treatments that include total laryngectomy.
Technological Forecasting & Social Change The Asymmetric path of Economic Long Waves

Article history: Received 29 June 2009 Received in revised form 1 February 2010 Accepted 1 February 2010 The purpose of this paper is to analyze the pattern and behavior of Economic Long Waves over time, using the long-wave chronologies of two driving economies, the USA and the UK. The statistical evidence seems in general to support the hypothesis that Long Waves are not symmetric and their regularity is based on longer periods of upwave than downwave (contraction-skewed), which implies a negative asymmetric path of these waves over time. © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. JEL classification: E30 E37
First record of Root Knot Nematode ( Meloidogyne incognita ) parasitizing bitter melon (

The Root-Knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita were identified morphologically from diseased Bitter Melon root samples taken from a farm at Buckley Road, Humpty Doo, Darwin. Meloidogyne species have been recorded from the Northern Territory on various hosts including bitter melon, but none were identified to species, so this is the first report confirming Meloidogyne incognita on Bitter Melon from the Northern Territory, Australia. Bitter Melon ( Momordica charantia L.), also commonly referred to as Bitter Gourd, Balsam Pear, Bitter Cucumber, and African Cucumber
Development of the "SINEMA STARTUP" application for an ecosystem of startup idea creators using the SDLC and Lean Startup methods

Indonesia is a country with a dense population and among them are young people who have the potential to open new jobs. Many university graduates cannot be absorbed by the industry and they have to develop new businesses. The Central Statistics Agency (BPS) reported that the number of unemployed for the August 2020 period increased by 2.67 million people. The number of startups is growing and growing in Indonesia, but the main problems for startups are in the capital, human resources, customers, laws and regulations, and market segments. This research aims to develop the "Sinema Startup" application which aims to create and develop new startups in the right ecosystem. The research methodology uses a combination of SDLC (System Development Life Cycle) and Lean Startup methods with an Object Oriented approach. Respondents are potential startup creators, mentors, developers, testers, incubators, and investors. 1. Based on the results of User Acceptance Testing for the “Sinema Startup” Application, it was found that 93% of creators had no difficulty using the application and the remaining 7% had little difficulty. For mentors, 97% had no difficulty using the application and the remaining 3% had little difficulty. The limitations of this study are that not all stages of seeding, incubation, stocking, and publication can be carried out and the results monitored. The uniqueness of this research involves many users for testing, namely prospective startup creators, mentors, developers, testers, incubators, investors, students, and students. Testing this application requires a testing process that goes along with the growth of the Sinema Startup application.
Parabens and Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Ligand Cross-Talk in Breast Cancer Cells

Background: Xenoestrogens are synthetic compounds that mimic endogenous estrogens by binding to and activating estrogen receptors. Exposure to estrogens and to some xenoestrogens has been associated with cell proliferation and an increased risk of breast cancer. Despite evidence of estrogenicity, parabens are among the most widely used xenoestrogens in cosmetics and personal-care products and are generally considered safe. However, previous cell-based studies with parabens do not take into account the signaling cross-talk between estrogen receptor α (ERα) and the human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) family. Objectives: We investigated the hypothesis that the potency of parabens can be increased with HER ligands, such as heregulin (HRG). Methods: The effects of HER ligands on paraben activation of c-Myc expression and cell proliferation were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blots, flow cytometry, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays in ERα- and HER2-positive human BT-474 breast cancer cells. Results: Butylparaben (BP) and HRG produced a synergistic increase in c-Myc mRNA and protein levels in BT-474 cells. Estrogen receptor antagonists blocked the synergistic increase in c-Myc protein levels. The combination of BP and HRG also stimulated proliferation of BT-474 cells compared with the effects of BP alone. HRG decreased the dose required for BP-mediated stimulation of c-Myc mRNA expression and cell proliferation. HRG caused the phosphorylation of serine 167 in ERα. BP and HRG produced a synergistic increase in ERα recruitment to the c-Myc gene. Conclusion: Our results show that HER ligands enhanced the potency of BP to stimulate oncogene expression and breast cancer cell proliferation in vitro via ERα, suggesting that parabens might be active at exposure levels not previously considered toxicologically relevant from studies testing their effects in isolation. Citation: Pan S, Yuan C, Tagmount A, Rudel RA, Ackerman JM, Yaswen P, Vulpe CD, Leitman DC. 2016. Parabens and human epidermal growth factor receptor ligand cross-talk in breast cancer cells. Environ Health Perspect 124:563–569; http://dx.doi. org/10.1289/ehp.1409200
Experiential Learning Through ALS Caregiver Learning Labs: Occupational Therapy Student Outcomes

Abstract Occupational therapy (OT) educators strive to design learning experiences to enhance OT students’ clinical reasoning and promote preparedness for the complexities of clinical practice. Occupational therapy programs have collaborated with the Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Association and taken a novel approach to the development of interprofessional experiential learning through student-led ALS Caregiver Learning Labs (CLLs). A retrospective pre-test post-test study was completed to identify outcomes related to participation in three different ALS CLLs embedded into a master’s level OT curriculum. A 6-point rating scale questionnaire was used to assess students’ perception of their clinical reasoning, clinical skills, and comfort level. Improvement was noted in the level of comfort when interacting with caregivers and students' perceptions of their clinical skills and clinical reasoning improved across all questions. In addition, students completed a case study assignment to examine clinical reasoning performance. On average, post-lab scores were higher than pre-lab scores for each question, and the differences were statistically significant with the level of significance at p < 0.05. Results suggest that a CLL experience is an effective learning method to increase students' comfort level interacting with caregivers, enhance students' perception of clinical reasoning ability, and improve clinical reasoning skills. Occupational therapy students benefited from the experience at different levels of progression, delivery methods, and opportunities for interprofessional interaction. Occupational therapy programs at other institutions may benefit from embedding a CLL into the curriculum to meet the needs of the community while improving students’ clinical reasoning and enhancing the ability to provide client-centered care.
A Hybrid Strategy for Reducing Feasible Convex Space and the Number of Variables for Solving a Conventional Large LP Model

This paper considers a conventional linear programming model of ‘n’ variables and ‘m’ constraints. In the proposed method, we deal with n1 number of variables, where n1 ≤ n and use a strategic move to reduce the feasible convex search space before embarking on the simplex method. The feasible space reduction process can be repeated, if desired.
Eureka of Bisociation: A Cognitive Linguistic Approach to Satirical Caricatures on the Egyptian Pound Floatation

: The present paper investigates, from a cognitive perspective, the production of humour in terms of creativity through the analysis of some selected caricatures about the Egyptian Pound Floatation (EPF). The analysis is tackled from a cognitive linguistic point of view using Berthold’s (2012) Bisociative Knowledge Discovery (BKD), which is based on Koestler's (1964) Theory of Bisociation as presented in his book The Act of Creation . Koestler's theory states that humor is created via linking (or bisociating in Koestler's term) two incompatible trains of thought in order to come up with a novel meaning that is both logical and unexpected. The study is cognitive as it confirms the cognitive linguistic principle which illustrates that language is thought; Cognitive Linguistics studies describe the manner by which language shapes thoughts. In this paper ten caricatures portraying the Egyptian financial crisis the EPF are analyzed to show that visual and verbal means of expressions, conceptually and satirically reveal the situation in the Egyptian society. To be more specific, it illustrates that visual and verbal conceptual techniques are tools of satire to perceive the economic and social drawbacks of this crisis. The analysis concludes that the integration (Bisociation as used by Koester) of the two trains of thought brings about the concepts of fear, suffering, threat, death, suicide, and poverty as the outcomes of the EPF (Eureka of Bisociation in the caricatures).
Artery Tertiary Lymphoid Or gans Control Aorta Immunity and Protect against Atherosclerosis via Vascular SmoothMuscleCell Lymphotoxin b Receptors Graphical

In Brief Tertiary lymphoid organs emerge during nonresolving inflammation. Habenicht and colleagues find that atherosclerosis immune responses are controlled by artery tertiary lymphoid organs in the adventitial connective tissue adjoining arteries. These lymphocyte aggregates arise through vascular smooth muscle cell lymphotoxin b receptor signaling and act as powerhouses of protective atherosclerosis immunity.
National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey: 2004 emergency department summary.

OBJECTIVES This report describes ambulatory care visits to hospital emergency departments (EDs) in the United States in 2004. Statistics are presented on selected hospital, patient, and visit characteristics. Selected trends in ED utilization from 1994 through 2004 are also presented. METHODS The data presented in this report were collected in the 2004 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS), a national probability sample survey of visits to emergency and outpatient departments of non-Federal, short-stay, and general hospitals in the United States. Sample data are weighted to produce annual national estimates. RESULTS During 2004, an estimated 110.2 million visits were made to hospital EDs, about 38.2 visits per 100 persons. Visit rates have shown an increasing trend since 1994 for persons aged 22-49 years, 50-64 years, and 65 years and over. In 2004, more than 16 million patients arrived by ambulance (15.1 percent). At approximately 3 percent of visits, the patient had been seen in the ED within the last 72 hours. Abdominal pain, chest pain, fever, and back symptoms were the leading patient complaints, accounting for nearly one-fifth of all visits. Abdominal pain was the leading illness-related diagnosis at ED visits. There were an estimated 41.4 million injury-related visits or 14.4 visits per 100 persons. Diagnostic and screening services were provided at 89.9 percent of ED visits. Procedures were performed at 47.7 percent, and medications were prescribed at 78.4 percent of ED visits. Approximately 13 percent of ED visits resulted in hospital admission. On average, patients spent 3.3 hours in the ED, of which 47.4 minutes were spent waiting to see a physician.
Plyometric Training Memperbaiki Kelincahan Otot dan Kecepatan Lari Sprint pada Laki-laki Muda

Kelincahan otot dan kecepatan sprint merupakan komponen skill related fitness yang dapat menunjang performa dan teknik dasar seorang atlet. Plyometric training merupakan latihan dengan karakteristik menggunakan kontraksi otot yang sangat kuat dan cepat serta merupakan kombinasi latihan isometrik, isotonik dan isokinetik sekelompok otot. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan kelincahan otot dan kecepatan sprint sebelum dan sesudah plyometric training pada laki-laki muda. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah quasi experimental jenis pre and posttest without control. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 25 orang laki-laki muda, yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi, direkrut dengan metode consecutive sampling. Plyometric training dilaksanakan dengan frekuensi 2 kali seminggu selama 5 minggu. Pengukuran kelincahan otot dilakukan menggunakan metode agility t test dan kecepatan sprint menggunakan metode tes sprint 30 meter. Analisis data menggunakan uji t berpasangan. Rerata kelincahan otot subjek meningkat dari 12,98±1,45 detik menjadi 12,21±1,32 detik. Rerata kecepatan sprint subjek meningkat dari 6,68±0,68 m/detik menjadi 7,07±0,71 m/detik. Uji analisis T berpasangan menunjukan terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kelincahan otot dan kecepatan sprint sebelum dan sesudah plyometric training,p=0,0001 (p<0,05). Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah terdapat perbedaan antara kelincahan otot dan kecepatan sprint sebelum dan sesudah plyometric training selama 5 minggu. Plyometric training meningkatkan kelincahan otot dan kecepatan sprint.
Supplement text S 1 : A new ensemble coevolution system for detecting HIV-1 protein coevolution

Supplement text S1: A new ensemble coevolution system for detecting HIV-1 protein coevolution Guangdi Li1,∗, Kristof Theys, Jens Verheyen, Andrea-Clemencia Pineda-Peña, Ricardo Khouri, Supinya Piampongsant, Mónica Eusébio, Jan Ramon, Anne-Mieke Vandamme1,4,∗ 1 Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium 2 Institute of Virology, University hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany 3 Clinical and Molecular Infectious Diseases Group, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia 4 Centro de Malária e outras Doenças Tropicais and Unidade de Microbiologia, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal 5 Department of Computer Science, KU Leuven University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium ∗ E-mail: liguangdi.research@gmail.com, annemie.vandamme@uzleuven.be
Adaptive block greedy algorithms for receiving multi-narrowband signal in compressive sensing radar reconnaissance receiver

: This paper extends the application of compressive sensing (CS) to the radar reconnaissance receiver for receiving the multi-narrowband signal. By combining the concept of the block sparsity, the self-adaption methods, the binary tree search, and the residual monitoring mechanism, two adaptive block greedy algorithms are proposed to achieve a high probability adaptive reconstruction. The use of the block sparsity can greatly improve the ef ﬁ ciency of the support selection and reduce the lower boundary of the sub-sampling rate. Furthermore, the addition of binary tree search and monitoring mechanism with two different supports self-adaption methods overcome the instability caused by the ﬁ xed block length while optimizing the recovery of the unknown signal. The simulations and analysis of the adaptive reconstruction ability and theoretical computational complexity are given. Also, we verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the two algorithms by the experiments of receiving multi-narrowband signals on an analog-to-information converter (AIC). Finally, an optimum reconstruction characteristic of two algorithms is found to facilitate ef ﬁ cient reception in practical applications.
Dual therapy strategies for COPD: the scientific rationale for LAMA + LABA

: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbid-ity, mortality, and health care expenditure worldwide. Relaxation of airway smooth muscle with inhaled bronchodilators is the cornerstone of treatment for stable COPD, with inhaled corticosteroids reserved for those with a history of exacerbations. Tiotropium has occupied center stage in COPD treatment for over 10 years and improves lung function, quality of life, exercise endurance, and reduces the risk of COPD exacerbation. Long-acting β 2 -agonists (LABAs) improve lung function, reduce dynamic hyperinflation, increase exercise tolerance, health-related quality of life, and reduce acute exacerbation of COPD. The combination of long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMAs) and LABAs is thought to leverage different pathways to induce bronchodilation using submaximal drug doses, increasing the benefits and minimizing receptor-specific side effects. Umeclidinium/vilanterol is the first combination of LAMA/LABA to be approved for use in stable COPD in USA and Europe. Additionally, indacaterol/glycopyrronium and aclidinium/formoterol have been approved in Europe and in numerous locations outside USA. Several other agents are in the late stages of development, most of which offer once-daily dosing. The benefits of new LAMA/LABA combinations include improved pulmonary function, dyspnea, and health-related quality of life, and in some cases, reduced exacerbations. These evolving treatments will provide new opportunities and challenges in the management of COPD.
Analysis of growth response of cool season cereals "wheat vs. rye" grown in organic and inorganic soils.

Plant growth response of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) vs. rye (Secale cereale L.) to organic and inorganic soils was performed at 30, 60 and 90 days after emergence (DAE). A pot experiment was conducted at The Dryland Agriculture Institute, West Texas A&M University Texas, USA, during winter 2009-2010 using three organic soil mixtures (potting soil/compost) [Miracle Grow (MG), Sunshine Peat Moss (SPM), and Garden Basic Peat Humus (GBPM)], and two inorganic soils [Canyon Soil (CS) and Amarillo Soil (AS)]. The following measurements were performed to quantify plant growth: leaf area plant-1 (LAPP), leaf area expansion rate (LER), specific leaf area (SLA) , leaf area ratio (LAR), plant height, stem elongation rate (SER) , root length (RL), number of roots plant-1 (NRPP) number of tillers plant-1 (NTPP), stem girth, carbon exchange rate (CER), absolute growth rate (AGR), crop growth rate (CGR), and net assimilation rate (NAR) The experiment was performed in completely randomized design with three replicates. The objective of this experiment was to check whether growth response of wheat vs. rye differ under organic and inorganic soils? The results revealed that both crops responded differently in terms of growth at different crop growth stages under organic and inorganic soils. The planned mean comparison indicated that both wheat and rye grown under organic soils had higher LAPP, LER, SLA, LAR, plant height, SER, root length, NRPP, NTPP, AGR and CGR than crops grown under inorganic soils. Interestingly, the stem girth, CER and NAR declined under organic soils as compared with inorganic soils. The leaf characteristics (LAPP, LER, SLA and LAR) was greater under GBPM > MG > SPM > AS > CS, and rye performed better than wheat at different growth stages. Plant height, SER and root lengths was higher under MG > GBPM > SPM > AS > CS, however no significant differences were found between the two crops at different growth stages. The NRPP and NTPP were more under MG > GBPM > SPM > AS > CS, and rye performed better than wheat. The AGR and CGR values were more under MG > GBPM > SPM > AS > CS, rye performance was good at 60 DAE, and wheat ranked first at 30 and 90 DAE. Both AGR and CGR values were higher at 90 > 60 > 30 DAE indicated increase with the passage of time. The AGR and CGR showed positive relationship with increase in LAPP, LER, plant height, root length, NRPP and NTPP. The shoot to root ratio decreased with the passage of time and showed negative relationship with increase in root length.