Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Depression can cause a variety of psychological and somatic problems to the caregivers , and increase the risk of caregivers contemplating suicide

Background: Dementia caregiving is often stressful and depression in family caregivers is not uncommon. As caregiver depression can have significant effects, there is a need for preventive efforts which are consistent with the extensive literature. We sought to consolidate the wide range of evidence (using a multi-method approach) into a simple framework that can guide the prevention of caregiver depression. Methods: Using multiple logistic regression, we derived the predictors of caregiver depression from an empirical dataset containing key information and depression scores (based on the Center-forEpidemiological-Studies-Depression-Scale) of 394 family caregivers. We then chose an underpinning theory as the foundation of the framework, and conducted an umbrella systematic review to find possible links between the derived predictors and the theory. Last, we compared the iterated framework with known interventions for caregiver depression in recent literature to assess whether the framework could map meaningfully with the known interventions. Results: Significant predictors of caregiver depression included primary caregiver (odds ratio, OR = 1.53), severe dementia (OR = 1.40), and behavioral problems (OR = 3.23), lower education (OR = 1.77), and spousal caregivers (OR = 1.98). The integrated framework derived focuses on four strategic areas: physicalcare demands of persons with dementia (PWD), behavioral problems of PWD, caregiving competency, and loss and grief of caregivers. This framework is supported by known interventions for caregiver depression in recent literature. Conclusions: By consolidating a broad range of evidence, we iterated a framework to aid the understanding and prevention of caregiver depression in dementia. The framework offers an approach to prevention which is simple, systematic, and reflective of the extensive literature.
Gender Differences in the Physical Activity of Ten-Year-Old Pupils

Insufficient physical activity (PA) of children and youth has become a growing problem in contemporary society. It is one of the factors affecting the increase of overweight preschool and young school-age children. The World Health Organization issued recommendations for children and young people to accumulate at least 60 minutes of moderate physical activity daily, but in spite of encouragement to engage in PA, the level of PA starts to decline already in adolescence (Armstrong, Welsman, & Kirby, 2000; Wickel, Eisenmann, & Welk, 2009). The aim of this research was to determine the level of PA of fourth graders from several elementary schools in the city of Zadar, and differences in their PA with respect to gender. The sample consisted of 206 participants (111 female and 95 male students). The level of PA was estimated using the Physical Activity Questionnaire (PAQ-C) (Crocker, Bailey, Faulkner, Kowalski, & McGrath, 1997). Basic descriptive indicators were calculated, while the Mann-Whitney U test was applied to test differences in the level of PA with respect to gender. Male students have a significantly higher overall level of PA than female students do (Z=-2.15, p=0.03) and they differ significantly in variables estimating the level of PA in school during break time (Z=-3.05, p=0.00) and during lunch break (Z=-3.74, p=0.00). Also, in other variables which do not show a statistically significant difference but estimate PA in the evenings, on weekends and PA by days, male students show higher levels, which means that they are physically more active. The level of PA in the total sample is low and very few respondents meet the recommended daily requirement for PA, which points to the necessity of promoting PA among all age groups, particularly among adolescents.
University of Birmingham Non-pharmacological and pharmacological interventions for the reduction or prevention of topographies of behaviours that challenge in people with intellectual disabilities

Background People with intellectual disability show a high prevalence of behaviours that challenge. Clinical guidelines recommend that such behaviour should first be treated with non-pharmacological interventions, but research suggests off-label pharmaceuticals are commonly used. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of non-pharmacological and pharmacological interventions for topographies of behaviours that challenge drawn from randomised controlled trials (RCTs)
Molecular Identification of Endophytic Fungi and Their Pathogenicity Evaluation Against Dendrobium nobile and Dendrobium officinale

Dendrobium are tropical orchid plants that host diverse endophytic fungi. The role of these fungi is not currently well understood in Dendrobium plants. We morphologically and molecularly identified these fungal endophytes, and created an efficient system for evaluating the pathogenicity and symptoms of endophytic fungi on Dendrobium nobile and Dendrobium officinale though in vitro co-culturing. ReThe colony morphological traits of Dendrobium myco-endophytes (DMEs) were recorded for their identification. Molecular identification revealed the presence of Colletotrichum tropicicola, Fusarium keratoplasticum, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani, and Trichoderma longibrachiatum. The pathogenicity results revealed that T. longibrachiatum produced the least pathogenic effects against D. nobile protocorms. In seedlings, T. longibrachiatum showed the least pathogenic effects against D. officinale seedlings after seven days. C. tropicicola produced highly pathogenic effects against both Dendrobium seedlings. The results of histological examination of infected tissues revealed that F. keratoplasticum and T. longibrachiatum fulfill Koch’s postulates for the existence of endophytes inside the living tissues. The DMEs are cross-transmitted inside the host plant cells, playing an important role in plant host development, resistance, and alkaloids stimulation.
Comparing ICP Variants on Real-World Data Sets

Many modern sensors used for mapping produce 3D point clouds, which are typically registered together using the iterative closest point (icp) algorithm. Because icp has many variants whose performances depend on the environment and the sensor, hundreds of variations have been published. However, no comparison frameworks are available, leading to an arduous selection of an appropriate variant for particular experimental conditions. The first contribution of this paper consists of a protocol that allows for a comparison between icp variants, taking into account a broad range of inputs. The second contribution is an opensource icp library, which is fast enough to be usable in multiple real-world applications, while being modular This work was supported by the EU FP7 IP projects Natural Human-Robot Cooperation in Dynamic Environments (ICT247870) and myCopter (FP7-AAT-2010-RTD-1). F. Pomerleau was supported by a fellowship from the Fonds québécois de recherche sur la nature et les technologies (FQRNT). François Pomerleau Autonomous System Lab, ETH Zentrum CLA E26, Tannenstrasse 3, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland E-mail: francois.pomerleau@mavt.ethz.ch Francis Colas Autonomous System Lab, ETH Zentrum CLA E26, Tannenstrasse 3, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland E-mail: francis.colas@mavt.ethz.ch Roland Siegwart Autonomous System Lab, ETH Zentrum CLA E14.2, Tannenstrasse 3, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland E-mail: rsiegwart@ethz.ch Stéphane Magnenat Autonomous System Lab, ETH Zentrum CLA E24, Tannenstrasse 3, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland E-mail: stephane at magnenat dot net enough to ease comparison of multiple solutions. This paper presents two examples of these field applications. The last contribution is the comparison of two baseline icp variants using data sets that cover a rich variety of environments. Besides demonstrating the need for improved icp methods for natural, unstructured and information-deprived environments, these baseline variants also provide a solid basis to which novel solutions could be compared. The combination of our protocol, software, and baseline results demonstrate convincingly how open-source software can push forward the research in mapping and navigation.
Habitat monitoring: application driver for wireless communications technology

As new fabrication and integration technologies reduce the cost and size of micro-sensors and wireless interfaces, it becomes feasible to deploy densely distributed wireless networks of sensors and actuators. These systems promise to revolutionize biological, earth, and environmental monitoring applications, providing data at granularities unrealizable by other means. In addition to the challenges of miniaturization, new system architectures and new network algorithms must be developed to transform the vast quantity of raw sensor data into a manageable stream of high-level data. To address this, we propose a tiered system architecture in which data collected at numerous, inexpensive sensor nodes is filtered by local processing on its way through to larger, more capable and more expensive nodes. We briefly Habitat monitoring as our motivating application and introduce initial system building blocks designed to support this application. The remainder of the paper presents details of our experimental platform.
Stream Channel Stability. Appendix A. Evaluation of Streambank Erosion Control Demonstration Projects in the Bluff Line Streams of Northwest Mississippi

Abstract : This report presents an evaluation of some of the most commonly used types of channel bed and bank revetments used on bluff line streams of the Yazoo Basin. Specific revetment techniques used on Goodwin Creek, Johnson Creek, Hotophia Creek, Tillatoba Creek and Perry Creek watersheds were used to illustrate successes and failures. A complete section is devoted to each of these watersheds and includes the watershed description, geology, soils and evaluation of performance of selected revetment techniques. Special attention is given in this report to a newly developed, low-cost, grade control structure. During this project, twelve of these grade-control structures were built and their performance was evaluated for this report. Generalized engineering design criteria for these low-drop, grade-control structures are given in Appendix B (AD-A101 387) of the general report.
Hesitant fuzzy sets

Several extensions and generalizations of fuzzy sets have been introduced in the literature, for example, Atanassov's intuitionistic fuzzy sets, type 2 fuzzy sets, and fuzzy multisets. In this paper, we propose hesitant fuzzy sets. Although from a formal point of view, they can be seen as fuzzy multisets, we will show that their interpretation differs from the two existing approaches for fuzzy multisets. Because of this, together with their definition, we also introduce some basic operations. In addition, we also study their relationship with intuitionistic fuzzy sets. We prove that the envelope of the hesitant fuzzy sets is an intuitionistic fuzzy set. We prove also that the operations we propose are consistent with the ones of intuitionistic fuzzy sets when applied to the envelope of the hesitant fuzzy sets. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Simulated poaching affects global connectivity and efficiency in social networks of African savanna elephants—An exemplar of how human disturbance impacts group-living species

Selective harvest, such as poaching, impacts group-living animals directly through mortality of individuals with desirable traits, and indirectly by altering the structure of their social networks. Understanding the relationship between disturbance-induced, structural network changes and group performance in wild animals remains an outstanding problem. To address this problem, we evaluated the immediate effect of disturbance on group sociality in African savanna elephants—an example, group-living species threatened by poaching. Drawing on static association data from ten free-ranging groups, we constructed one empirically based, population-wide network and 100 virtual networks; performed a series of experiments ‘poaching’ the oldest, socially central or random individuals; and quantified the immediate change in the theoretical indices of network connectivity and efficiency of social diffusion. Although the social networks never broke down, targeted elimination of the socially central conspecifics, regardless of age, decreased network connectivity and efficiency. These findings hint at the need to further study resilience by modeling network reorganization and interaction-mediated socioecological learning, empirical data permitting. The main contribution of our work is in quantifying connectivity together with global efficiency in multiple social networks that feature the sociodemographic diversity likely found in wild elephant populations. The basic design of our simulation makes it adaptable for hypothesis testing about the consequences of anthropogenic disturbance or lethal management on social interactions in a variety of group-living species with limited, real-world data.
Perception of symptoms and quality of life – comparison of patients’ and physicians’ views in the COPD MIrrOr study

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare potential differences between the perception that COPD patients have of their disease and the perception that physicians have of how the disease affects their patients. Methods: Surveys in COPD patients and physicians caring for COPD patients were conducted in Spain, Italy, and Germany. Online questionnaires mirrored to explore the same domains, were administered to patients and physicians. Physicians were asked to respond to the questionnaire taking a recently seen patient who represents the majority of COPD patients usually managed, as a reference. Patients with COPD completed a survey containing the same questions offered to the physicians (Medical Investigation of Respiratory COPD Perception [MIRROR] survey). Comparisons between the responses of patients and general practitioners (GPs) and between patients and pulmonologists (PULs) were run separately using the chi-square, Fisher’s exact, or Student’s t -tests. Results: A total of 334 COPD patients, 333 GPs, and 333 PULs participated in the surveys. The typical perception that PULs have of the COPD patient was that of an older man with more severe disease and less likely to be a smoker, than the included COPD patients. COPD was regarded as a major health problem by patients and physicians, but its impact on overall quality of life among more severe patients was less strongly perceived by physicians than by patients. Instead, physicians paid more attention to domains related to clinical features (cough, phlegm, and dyspnea), while underestimating COPD impact on leisure and social activities. The majority of patients stated not being completely frank with their doctors during visits. Both GPs and PULs seemed to recognize this issue but underestimated its extent. Conclusion: To improve the doctor–patient communication, a more frank reporting by the patients of their symptoms and feelings and an increased awareness of physicians about the impact on nonconventional domains that patients perceive as importantly affected by COPD should be encouraged. mild/moderate; sVs, severe/very severe.
Reflective programming in the relational algebra

In reflective programming languages it is possible for a program to generate code that is integrated into the program's own execution. We introduce a reflective version of the relational algebra. Reflection is achieved by storing and manipulating relational algebra programs as relations in the database. We then study the expressibility and complexity of the reflective algebra thus obtained. It turns out that there is a close correspondence between reflection and bounded looping. We also discuss the applicability of the reflective algebra.
Evaluation of the genetic structure of indigenous Okinawa Agu pigs using microsatellite 1 markers 2

22 Objective: Agu pigs are indigenous to the Okinawa prefecture, which is the southernmost 23 region of Japan. Agu pigs were exposed to a genetic bottleneck during the 20th century, due to 24 the introduction of European pig breeds. The objective of this study was to elucidate the genetic 25 structure of Agu pigs and to determine their relationships with those of five European breeds, 26 two Chinese breeds and Ryukyu wild boar using microsatellite markers. 27 Methods: A total of 203 DNA samples consist of 8 pig breeds were used in this study. 28 Genotyping was performed using 21 microsatellite markers distributed across 17 chromosomes. 29 Results: Numbers of effective alleles in Agu pigs were fewer than in European breeds and 30 Ryukyu wild boar. Among domestic pigs, Agu pigs had the lowest heterozygosity (0.423) and 31 highest inbreeding coefficient (FIS = 0.202), indicating a severe loss of heterozygosity in Agu 32 pigs possibly due to inbreeding. Neighbor-joining tree analysis was performed based on 33 Reynolds’ genetic distances, which clustered Agu pigs with Duroc pigs. However, principal 34 component analysis revealed a unique genetic position of the Agu pig, and the second principal 35 component separated Agu pigs from all other breeds. Structure analysis with the optimal 36 Ac ce pt ed A rti c e
Inflation Dynamics: The Case of Egypt

Inflation as a phenomenon has witnessed remarkable changes starting from mid-eighties of the last century. Inflation rates have become less persistent, less responsive to supply side shocks. In addition, the relative importance of demand pull inflation as one of the major determinants of inflation has decreased due to efficient monetary policies that have been adopted by central banks all over the world to reduce inflation based on anchoring inflation expectations. Moreover, the slope of Phillips curve has flattened as many factors have appeared to be more influential on inflation rather than output gap, namely inflation expectations. These changes constitute in the new economic literature what so called “Inflation Dynamics”. In this context, this study focuses on analyzing inflation dynamics in Egypt in (1980-2009) in order to identify to what extent “Inflation Dynamics” in Egypt is different from or similar to those witnessed globally. The study applied a Vector Auto Regressive model (VAR) and other econometrics models to analyze “Inflation Dynamics” in Egypt in three sub periods: the 1980s, the 1990s and the first decade of the new millennium. The study concluded that Inflation Dynamics in Egypt is completely different from those observed globally. Inflation rates in Egypt have become more persistent especially starting from 2000; Inflation shocks are now lasting longer and have a long-term impact on the future inflation paths. On the other hand, demand bull inflation still considers one of the most important inflation determinants, as it is solely responsible for explaining 30% of the changes in inflation rates. In addition, the study confirmed that inflation rates in Egypt have become more responsive to supply side shocks starting from 2006. As for the slope of Phillips curve, the study confirmed that similar to the changes observed globally, the slope of Phillips Curve for the Egypt economy has flattened reflecting the increasing importance of other inflation determinants rather than output gap.
The Galaxy platform for accessible, reproducible and collaborative biomedical analyses: 2018 update

Abstract Galaxy (homepage: https://galaxyproject.org, main public server: https://usegalaxy.org) is a web-based scientific analysis platform used by tens of thousands of scientists across the world to analyze large biomedical datasets such as those found in genomics, proteomics, metabolomics and imaging. Started in 2005, Galaxy continues to focus on three key challenges of data-driven biomedical science: making analyses accessible to all researchers, ensuring analyses are completely reproducible, and making it simple to communicate analyses so that they can be reused and extended. During the last two years, the Galaxy team and the open-source community around Galaxy have made substantial improvements to Galaxy's core framework, user interface, tools, and training materials. Framework and user interface improvements now enable Galaxy to be used for analyzing tens of thousands of datasets, and >5500 tools are now available from the Galaxy ToolShed. The Galaxy community has led an effort to create numerous high-quality tutorials focused on common types of genomic analyses. The Galaxy developer and user communities continue to grow and be integral to Galaxy's development. The number of Galaxy public servers, developers contributing to the Galaxy framework and its tools, and users of the main Galaxy server have all increased substantially.
The role of the ubiquitin proteasome pathway in papillomavirus pathogenicity

To establish an infection in the host cell, Papillomaviruses (PVs) encode two major oncoproteins, E6 and E7, which interact with numerous cellular proteins and interfere with many cellular pathways. We use HPV E6 and RhPV-1 E7 oncoproteins as tools to investigate some of the most important characteristics of the high-risk HPV E6 proteins: their association with the ubiquitin pathway and ability to direct proteasomal degradation of PDZ domain-containing proteins. We show that E6 protein levels are dependent on the E6AP ubiquitin ligase: in its absence, E6 is degraded in a proteasome dependent manner. A proteomic analysis for HPV-18 E6 interacting partners showed that HPV-18 E6 interacts with EDD, another HECT domain ubiquitin ligase. EDD does not direct the degradation of p53 or PDZ domain-containing substrates, but appears to regulate E6AP levels, with consequent effects on E6 protein levels and its p53 targeting. These studies demonstrate a complex interplay between E6, EDD and E6AP for regulating E6’s degradation of its substrate proteins. Rhesus papillomavirus 1 (RhPV-1) is a high-risk mucosal papillomavirus, but its E6 protein has no PDZ-binding motif. However, we show a remarkable evolutionary conservation, with the PDZ-binding motif present on the RhPV-1 E7 protein instead. Furthermore, this directs the binding of RhPV-1 E7 to Par3, a PDZ domain-containing protein controlling the polarity regulation pathway also controlled by hDlg and hScrib, the PDZ domain-containing targets of HPV-18 and HPV-16 E6. RhPV-1 E7 degrades Par3 analogously to HPV E6’s degradation of its PDZ substrates, and also appears to interact with EDD. These studies demonstrate that PDZ domain-containing cell polarity regulators and critical components of the ubiquitin proteasome pathway are common targets of evolutionarily diverse oncogenic mucosal papillomaviruses. This suggests that these pathways represent essential steps in the viral life cycles and in these viruses’ ability to induce malignancy.