Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
When local customs meet the market: an analysis of coffee value chain in Tebat Benawa customary community, Indonesia

ABSTRACT Using Tebat Benawa customary community in Indonesia as a case study, this paper aims to understand how non-specialty Robusta coffee value chain operates at the farmer-trader level and see if and how customary setting influences the relationships between actors. We employed a mixed-methods research design combining qualitative and quantitative analyses of primary and secondary data collected through group discussions, interviews, and participant observations. The social network analysis results showed that customary settings represented by clan-based familial relationships influenced farmer-trader relations, but it was not dominating. Coffee prices seem to be the major driver of the farmer-trader relations in Tebat Benawa. We argue that the relatively early stage of customary community consolidation indicates a weak social capital that makes economic rationale dominate farmers’ business decisions. This study contributes to the limited literature on the contemporary smallholder value chain of non-specialty Robusta coffee.
Shape and confinement control in mid and far infrared nanocrystals

In this paper, we discuss recent progress obtained on infrared nanocrystal based on mercury chalcogenides (HgTe and HgSe). These materials can become some key building blocks for the next generation of infrared optoelectronic devices. To reach this goal, the infrared nanocrystals need to combine fine control on the optical features and efficient electronic transport. Here, we report about (i) the development of HgTe NPL for enhanced optical features (narrower and faster PL) in the near IR and (ii) about the development of self-doped nanocrystals of HgSe to demonstrate tunable intraband absorption up to the THz range.
Green and efficient three-component synthesis of novel isoniazid pyrazoles, molecular docking, antioxidant and antitubercular evaluation

Abstract A series of novel isoniazid pyrazole derivatives were synthesized by an efficient, multicomponent reaction of various substituted aromatic aldehydes, isoniazid, and malononitrile in aqueous ethanol. The catalyst-free, green, three-component reaction took place well with good to excellent yields of the desired derivatives. The synthesized novel derivatives were screened for antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-TB properties along with the molecular docking study. Some of the synthesized compounds exhibit moderate antibacterial and comparable antifungal properties, while all of them display strong antioxidant activity. The compound 4l demonstrates the most significant activity against M. tuberculosis with MIC = 0.125 µg/mL. The various analytical techniques including FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and HRMS were utilized to confirm the structures of the newly synthesized compounds. Graphical Abstract
2015). Adaptive Voltage Scaling with In-Situ Detectors in Commercial FPGAs. IEEE Transactions on Computers

— This paper investigates the limits of adaptive voltage scaling (AVS) applied to commercial FPGAs which do not specifically support voltage adaptation. An adaptive power architecture based on a modified design flow is created with in-situ detectors and dynamic reconfiguration of clock management resources. AVS is a power-saving technique that enables a device to regulate its own voltage and frequency based on workload, process and operating conditions in a closed-loop configuration. It results in significant improved energy profiles compared with DVFS (Dynamic Voltage Frequency Scaling) in which the device uses a number of pre-calculated valid working points. The results of deploying AVS in FPGAs with in-situ detectors shows power and energy savings exceeding 85% compared with nominal voltage operation at the same frequency. The in-situ detector approach compares favorably with critical path replication based on delay lines since it avoids the need of cumbersome and error-prone delay line calibration.
The stabilized semi-implicit finite element method for the surface Allen-Cahn equation

Two semi-implicit numerical methods are proposed for solving the surface Allen-Cahn equation which is a general mathematical model to describe phase separation on general surfaces. The spatial discretization is based on surface finite element method while the temporal discretization methods are first-and second-order stabilized semi-implicit schemes to guarantee the energy decay. The stability analysis and error estimate are provided for the stabilized semi-implicit schemes. Furthermore, the first-and second-order operator splitting methods are presented to compare with stabilized semi-implicit schemes. Some numerical experiments including phase separation and mean curvature flow on surfaces are performed to illustrate stability and accuracy of these methods.
Liquids and Their Properties – A Molecular and Macroscopic Treatise with Applications

H N V Temperley and D H Trevena 1978 Chichester: Ellis Horwood (John Wiley) 274 pp price £15 This book comprises a complete review of liquid properties, ranging from surface waves to turbulence and from elasticity to fluidity and quantum phenomena in 14 chapters. In order to cover so much material in one book each topic must necessarily be brief and the authors achieve clarity by concentrating on essential ideas which they describe without mathematics wherever possible.
On the strong uniqueness of highly sparse expansions from redundant dictionaries

A series of recent results shows that if a signal admits a suﬃciently sparse representation (in terms of the number of nonzero coeﬃcients) in an “incoherent” dictionary, this solution is unique and can be recovered as the unique solution of a linear programming problem. We generalize these results to a large class of sparsity measures which includes the ‘ p -sparsity measures for 0 ≤ p ≤ 1. We give suﬃcient conditions on a signal such that the simple solution of a linear programming problem simultaneously solves all the non-convex (and generally hard combinatorial) problems of sparsest representation w.r. t. arbitrary admissible sparsity measures. Our results should have a practical impact on source separation methods based on sparse decompositions, since they indicate that a large class of sparse priors can be eﬃciently replaced with a Laplacian prior without changing the resulting solution.
Design, fabrication and characterization of MoS 2 self-lubricating pure MoS 2 Coatings for space applications using PVD magnetron sputtering

Tribological components cost just a fraction of the whole spacecraft, but they often lead to failures that partially or completely disrupt the spacecraft. Mechanical components used in space applications have to withstand extreme and severe environmental conditions such as very high or very low cryogenic temperatures, high vacuum, corrosive elements and radiation. MoS 2 is the most widely used lubricating material in space applications. It possesses a lamellar structure with strong covalent bonds within layers and simultaneously weak van der Wall’s interlayer bonds, resulting in easy shearing of the crystals in the direction parallel to the basal planes, hence acting as a good solid lubricant. In this research, a thin film nano scale coating of MoS 2 was deposited on steel using Physical Vapour Deposition (PVD). The PVD technique used was the RF magnetron sputtering process. Material characterization was performed using X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and Raman spectroscopy. According to the results, the developed MoS 2 nano coatings have a polycrystalline structure with basal planes that are oriented perpendicular to the substrate surface.
Performance Enhancement Counter with Minimal Clock Period

A synchronous binary counter is a fundamental component in VLSI design which are used commonly. synchronous binary counter is fast and are used in many applications as it supports wide bit-width. Due to large fan-outs and long carry chains many previous counters have low counting rate when the size of the counters is large. A new fast structure has been suggested for synchronous binary counter with a very low delay for counter with size ranging from 8 to 128 bits. To reduce the complexity of hardware a 1-bit Johnson counter has been used and then duplicate it to minimise propagation delay induced by large fan-outs. The suggested design is realised with a small number of flip-flops, using a back carry propagation counter and a counter based on state look ahead logic, which reduces power and delay.
Using Classification Methods in Higher Education

— currently, in Albania, there is an increased interest in data mining and educational system, making educational data misning a new growing research community. Data mining is a powerful tool for academic intervention. Through data mining, a university could, for example, predict which students will or will not graduate. The university can use this information to concentrate on those students that are most at risk. In this paper we attempt to use data mining process to help in enhancing the quality of the higher education system by evaluating student data. For this purpose we have collected data from a public faculty in Tirana from 2011 to 2014, covering 1300 students. The classification process is based on the decision tree as a classification method where the generated rules are studied. We aim to build a system that will facilitate the use of generated rules, which will allow students to predict the average grade of the next year in university.
Nonlinear Control Systems (Volume I)

Knjiga je usmerjena vsem tistim ki se ukvarjajo s problemi nelinearnih sistemov v avtomatizaciji procesov. V delu so obdelane osnovne sodobne metode klasicne teorije nelinearnih sistemov, ki so se vedno osnova za obdelavo in projektiranje te vrste sistemov.
A STUDY ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND PSYCHOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF RELAPSE DRUG ADDICTS IN BALOCHISTAN

Purpose of the study: The purpose of this research is to investigate the socioeconomic and psychological variables, health conditions, social contacts, and living conditions of relapsed drug users. Methodology: A total of 100 participants were chosen for this study using purposive sampling and the snowball sampling approach of non-probability selection, and the data was collected using a standardized questionnaire. The study employs both qualitative and quantitative approaches. For frequency and percentage data analysis, the quantitative approach was utilized, and the data were analyzed using chi-square. Main Findings: According to the study, the majority of relapsed drug addicts face socioeconomic and psychological obstacles in their lives since becoming relapsed drug addicts, as well as mental illnesses such as stress. Their family members, friends, and neighbors have a negative attitude toward them. According to this study, the increased risk of drug addiction in society is caused by a lack of understanding about drug usage and its effects. Applications of the study: This study will assist governments in taking harsh actions against drug traffickers and allowing the rule of law to be enforced by expanding police work. Novelty/Originality of the study: The study suggestions will raise awareness of the dangers and psychological effects of drug use to understand and prevent the consequences of their use.
Academic Burnout Siswa Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Ditinjau Dari Jenis Kelamin

Academic burnout merupakan kejenuhan yang dialami individu dalam mengikuti kegiatan pembelajaran/akademik. Tingginya tingkat academic burnout dapat menyebabkan rendahnya pencapaian hasil belajar siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan perbedaan academic burnout siswa laki-laki dan perempuan di sekolah. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama dan Sekolah Menengah Atas yang berjumlah 281 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan accidental sampling. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif. Pengumpulan data menggunakan instrumen skala academic burnout . Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah independent sample t test dengan bantuan software JASP. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara academic burnout siswa laki-laki dan perempuan. Hasil penelitian ini juga dapat dijadikan bahan bagi guru untuk menentukan metode pembelajaran sehingga dapat mengurangi tingkat academic burnout pada siswa
An image dehazing algorithm based on double priors constraint

Aiming at the color distortion of the restored image in the sky region, we propose an image dehazing algorithm based on double priors constraint. Firstly, we divided the haze image into sky and non-sky regions. Then the Color-lines prior and dark channel prior are used for estimating the transmission of sky and non-sky regions respectively. After introducing color-lines prior to correct sky regions restored by the dark channel prior, we get an accurate transmission. Finally, the local media mean value and standard deviation are used to refine the transmission to obtain the dehazing image. Experimental results show that the algorithm has obvious advantages in the recovery of the sky area.
Bounded adaptive output feedback tracking control for flexible-joint robot manipulators

This paper presents a bounded adaptive output feedback tracking control approach for flexible-joint robot manipulators with parametric uncertainties and bounded torque inputs, from a systematic perspective of different (weak or strong) joint flexibilities. The singular perturbation theory and integral manifold concept are applied to decouple the dynamics of flexible-joint robot manipulators into a slow subsystem and a fast subsystem. A class of saturation functions is used to make the control law bounded, ensuring the torque control inputs are within the output limitation of the joint actuators. An adaptive control law of the projection type is adopted to handle the feed-forward term of the slow sub-controller with parametric uncertainties. Meanwhile, an approximate differential filter and a high-gain observer are utilized in the slow and fast subsystems, respectively, to estimate the unmeasurable states, making the complete closed-loop control with only position measurements of motors and links. Importantly, a corrective control scheme is proposed to break through the traditional singular perturbation approach and to make it feasible for robot manipulators with strong joint flexibility. Furthermore, an all-round and strict stability analysis of the whole control system is given. Finally, simulation results verify the superior dynamic performance of the proposed approach. 中文概要目的考虑关节驱动力矩受限、结构参数不确定以及缺 少部分传感器测量等情况,本文研究力矩输入有 界的一般柔性关节机器人自适应输出反馈控制 方法,以提高轨迹跟踪性能。 创新点1. 提出一种基于校正控制的强柔性关节机器人控 制方法;2. 设计一类力矩控制输入有界的自适应 输出反馈轨迹跟踪控制器。 方法1. 引入校正控制,突破传统奇异摄动方法仅适用 于弱柔性关节机器人的限制;2. 通过一类光滑饱 和函数和投影型自适应控制律,确保在参数不确 定情况下力矩控制输入的有界性;3. 利用近似微 分滤波和高增益观测实现仅需电机侧和连杆侧 位置测量的输出反馈控制。 结论1. 提出的校正控制策略能够较好地适应不同程度 的关节柔性;2. 设计的有界自适应输出反馈控制 方法可严格确保作业全程的控制输入值有界,且 具有良好的轨迹跟踪性能。
Quem é @netflixbrasil? As características antropomorfizadas nas interações com o público no twitter

O texto, com natureza básica, abordagem qualitativa e objetivos descritivos, analisacaracterísticas de antropomorfização nas interações da Netflix Brasil com o público no Twitter.Identifica-se que a atribuição de qualidades antropomorfizadas à marca cria uma personamultifacetada com características humanas físicas de gênero feminino, uma lady perspicaz queinterage para evidenciar a personalidade atribuída a si como se descrevesse a vida imaginadapor meio de diálogos, na qual o relacionamento marca-usuário se constrói nas interações comos públicos de interesse.
Electromagnetic Characterization of Materials Using a Dual Chambered High Temperature Waveguide

Measurement of the electromagnetic properties of materials at high temperatures is important for industrial, scientific, medical, and aerospace applications [1]. Current high-temperature electromagnetic material characterization is a time consuming process that typically requires three days to collect data from one material specimen. For example, the standard high-temperature process involving rectangular waveguides [2] requires measurements of the sample (1), the empty waveguide (2), and a metal short standard (3) completed in separate heated runs over three days to perform the Nicolson-Ross-Weir inversion algorithm for computing permittivity and permeability. The technique developed here will reduce the high-temperature measurement process from three days down to just one day. The research uses a position independent approach for isotropic materials that averages forward and reverse traveling waves for effective transmission and reflection parameters. It is shown that this averaging effect eliminates the need for a metal short measurement, thus reducing high-temperature measurement time by one day. In addition, a new dual chambered waveguide design will help reduce measurement time down to just one day. This is accomplished through simultaneous measurement of the inserted sample in one of the chambers and the empty waveguide of the second chamber. A vector network analyzer (VNA) will be used to run X-band data collects at incrementally increasing temperatures up to approximately 1000◦F . The results will be the test material’s permittivity and permeability as calculated from VNA measured S-parameters at increasing temperatures. These results will be compared with other known techniques in order to validate the new high-temperature process.
Invariant in neural morpho computing

In this paper we present an unification theory denoted morpho computing that controls data with rules. This new theory gives us an unification model of the brain theories. Brain appears as a special system where we can control and produce rules for our necessity. Physical nature is a system similar to the brain but with fixed rules. In physical universe samples are the experiments that give us an idea how the universal rules are without symbolic methods. Unsupervised neural network and supervised neural network are parts of the morpho computing where invariance or rules are parts of the computation. So we not only have memory separated from rules as in the digital computer, but rules and data are mixed in associative memory or in more sophisticate morpho computing memory. We show that supervised neuron is implemented in the new theory without most of the problems in the back propagation.
A Novel Approach in Corporate Social Responsibility Performance Measurement

Corporate Social Responsibility Performance (CSR) Measure­ment is as essential as performing CSR. Measurement of Corporate Social Performance is two-fold: firstly, can assist stakeholders in understanding the difference between short-term financial metrics and building valuable long-term relationships and assets leading to long-term corporate value. Secondly, it offers society, employees, and customers the ability to judge a corporation’s social behaviour and ethics and reward it accordingly. So, the exact contribution of CSR to a company and its stakeholders should be evaluated and assessed by tangible and measurable results. Since there is no standardised method or predefined criteria for CSR assessment, litera­ture has tried to define the influencing factors of corporate social perfor­mance and to describe the techniques and methodologies of CSR assess­ment. However, due to its “soft nature”, the pure social part of the term is difficult to measure. Corporations use Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) Standards and Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) to measure their perfor­mance. However, these measures are not sufficient since they cannot af­fect corporate strategic goals. In the present paper, a CSR performance measurement framework is presented, targeting to assist organisations in measuring the effectiveness of their CSR initiatives. The key factors affect­ing corporate performance are identified, and a literature review of the concept is performed.
Olfactory Dysfunction as a Marker for Essential Hypertension in a Drug-Naive Adult Population: A Hospital-Based Study

Background and objective: Essential hypertension is a leading cause of cardiovascular morbidity worldwide, but its precise etiology remains unclear. Although its prevalence is high, there is no established predictor for the condition at an early age. Recent research has suggested that olfactory function may be associated with blood pressure regulation. This study sought to explore the association between olfactory function and essential hypertension. Methods: Thirty middle-aged volunteers of both sexes with essential hypertension were recruited for the study along with 30 healthy control subjects matched for age and demographic characteristics. Participants completed a demographic questionnaire and then underwent olfactory function tests to assess odor threshold and identification using the Indian Smell Identification Test (InSIT). The researchers calculated a combined threshold-identification score for both groups and performed the statistical analysis. Results: The study group showed significant olfactory scores in comparison to the control group participants. Control group showed a significantly higher mean combined olfactory score than the study population (p = 0.03). Significant negative correlation between systolic blood pressure and olfactory function (Pearson’s coefficient = -0.329, p = 0.011) and a similar significant negative correlation between diastolic blood pressure and olfactory function (Pearson’s coefficient = -0.252, p = 0.052) were the other observations. Gender differences did not account for any difference in the smell sense. Conclusions: There may be a connection between olfactory function and blood pressure regulation in individuals with essential hypertension. However, further research is needed to better understand this association and to determine whether olfactory function could be used as a predictor or marker for hypertension.
Evaluation of restricted access media for the purification of cell culture‐derived Orf viruses

Recently, multimodal chromatography using restricted access media (RAM) for the purification of nanoparticles, such as viruses has regained increasing attention. These chromatography resins combine size exclusion on the particle shell and adsorptive interaction within the core. Accordingly, smaller process‐related impurities, for example, DNA and proteins, can be retained, while larger product viruses can pass unhindered. We evaluated a range of currently available RAM, differing in the shells’ pore cut‐off and the core chemistry, for the purification of a cell culture‐derived clarified model virus, namely the Orf virus (ORFV). We examined impurity depletion and product recovery as relevant criteria for the evaluation of column performance, as well as scale‐up robustness and regeneration potential for evaluating a multiple use application. The results indicate that some columns, for example, the Capto Core, enable both a high DNA and protein removal, while others, for example, the Monomix Core 60 (MC60), are more suitable for DNA depletion. Furthermore, column regeneration is facilitated by using columns with larger shell pores (5000 vs. 700 kDa) and weaker binding interactions (anion exchange vs. multimodal). According to these findings, the choice of RAM resins should be selected according to the respective feed sample composition and the planned number of application cycles.