Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quadrature Block for UHF Reflection Coefficient Measurements Using a Directional Coupler and Injection Locking

The measurement of the radio frequency reflection coefficient is widely used in characterizing various materials nondestructively. Generally, the measurement is done using a one port vector network analyzer together with some sort of probe. Here, the design theory of a new, low-cost replacement for such a network analyzer is explained. The proposed Cartesian reflection coefficient measurement block is outlined as well as the results of computer simulations and measurements on a printed circuit board (PCB) setup. Unlike previous approaches, it explores the use of injection locking to enhance the performance of quadrature amplitude demodulation of both the forward and the reflected waves as sampled from the output path of an ultrahigh-frequency power amplifier by a bidirectional coupler. Computer simulations at 400 MHz resulted in an average error of 3.4% full scale on the reflection coefficient, including extreme impedance values as well as various parasitic effects of the circuit measurements on a simplified PCB setup, also at 400 MHz.
The impact of posture correction bands on the respiratory function of healthy adults in their twenties: The difference between men and women

Introduction: Recently, interest in posture correction has increased in Korea owing to increased smartphone usage. However, there have been no studies to evaluate the impact of wearing a posture correction band with an abdominal band on breathing and respiratory function. Materials and Methods: A total of 32 healthy adults, consisting of 16 men (mean age: 23.19 ± 2.88) and 16 women (mean age: 19.69 ± 1.49) participated in this study. Pulmonary function tests were conducted before and after wearing posture correction bands. Results: In all the participants, forced vital capacity decreased significantly (P < .05) after wearing a posture correction band. The forced expiratory volume in 1 second and maximal inspiratory pressure decreased slightly (P > .05). The maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) and peak cough flow (PCF) increased slightly (P > .05). When respiratory functions were monitored separately in men and women after wearing a posture correction band, forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in 1 second were significantly reduced in men (P < .05). In women, MEP and PCF increased significantly (P < .05). Conclusions: In this study, we confirmed that the posture correction band had an effect on respiratory function. Lung capacity was statistically significantly reduced but was not clinically significant. In addition, in the case of women, it was confirmed that the abdominal band improved the MEP and PCF.
Independent Component Analysis Identifies the Modulons Expanding the Transcriptional Regulatory Networks of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli

The elucidation of the transcriptional regulatory networks (TRNs) of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) is critical to understand its pathogenesis and survival in the host. However, the analyses of current TRNs are still limited to comprehensively understand their target genes generally co-regulated under various conditions regardless of the genetic backgrounds. In this study, independent component analysis (ICA), a machine learning-based decomposition method, was used to decompose the large-scale transcriptome data of EHEC into the modulons, which contain the target genes of several TRNs. The locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE) and the Shiga toxin (Stx) modulons mainly consisted of the Ler regulon and the Stx prophage genes, respectively, confirming that ICA properly grouped the co-regulated major virulence genes of EHEC. Further investigation revealed that the LEE modulon contained the hypothetical Z0395 gene as a novel member of the Ler regulon, and the Stx modulon contained the thi and cus locus genes in addition to the Stx prophage genes. Correspondingly, the Stx prophage genes were also regulated by thiamine and copper ions known to control the thi and cus locus genes, respectively. The modulons effectively clustered the genes co-regulated regardless of the growth conditions and the genetic backgrounds of EHEC. The changed activities of the individual modulons successfully explained the differential expressions of the virulence and survival genes during the course of infection in bovines. Altogether, these results suggested that ICA of the large-scale transcriptome data can expand and enhance the current understanding of the TRNs of EHEC.
Judging A Magazine by Its Cover – A Conceptual Framework to Understand Sales Through Content and Design Interaction

ABSTRACT Content Design is advocated as one of the key factors influencing consumers’ attitude and buying behavior. However, its real effects on sales performance remain largely unknown. We propose a research framework to evaluate the effect of content design on sales and empirically test its employability within the German magazine retail sector. To develop the research framework, we first derive a set of related success factors from several literature streams. We then conduct a content analysis of over 500 magazine covers and relate this data to real-life retail sales figures via linear mixed model analysis to investigate which aspects of content design affect sales. The findings point toward the usefulness of our proposed framework. They further indicate that in hedonic media consumption, the colors purple and blue, text-image congruence, wording that leads to ease of cognitive processing and promotional activities are pivotal in sales.
PRELIMINARY DESIGN OF AN INTELLIGENT FINGER-RING SENSOR FOR PHYSIOLOGIC MONITORING IN MOBILE HEALTH

An emerging area of interest is the use of wearable devices for mobile health. Among them is the finger-ring sensor for ambulatory monitoring of photoplethysmogram (PPG). However, this type of sensor is vulnerable to noises that result from motion artifact, cold fingers, and sub-optimal placement of sensors. This paper proposes a novel technique which enhances signal quality by intelligently searching for the optimal sensing location on the finger. Experimental results showed that the PID algorithm successfully enhanced the quality of PPG acquired with the finger-ring sensor.
Recent advances in chemistry and therapeutic potential of functionalized quinoline motifs – a review

Quinoline, which consists of benzene fused with N-heterocyclic pyridine, has received considerable attention as a core template in drug design because of its broad spectrum of bioactivity. This review aims to present the recent advances in chemistry, medicinal potential and pharmacological applications of quinoline motifs to unveil their substantial efficacies for future drug development. Essential information in all the current and available literature used was accessed and retrieved using different search engines and databases, including Scopus, ISI Web of Knowledge, Google and PUBMED. Numerous derivatives of the bioactive quinolines have been harnessed via expeditious synthetic approaches, as highlighted herein. This review reveals that quinoline is an indisputable pharmacophore due to its tremendous benefits in medicinal chemistry research and other valuable areas of human endeavour. The recent in vivo and in vitro screening reported by scientists is highlighted herein, which may pave the way for novel drug development. Owing to the array of information available and highlighted herein on the medicinal potential of quinoline and its functionalized derivatives, a new window of opportunity may be opened to medicinal chemists to access more biomolecular quinolines for future drug development.
Proximity and the Management of Innovation

We study the effect of proximity to corporate headquarters on the productivity of inventors and research and development (R&D) facilities. Distant inventors and R&D facilities are less productive, and plausibly exogenous reductions in the travel time from these inventors or facilities to headquarters increase their productivity and creativity. We hypothesize that these improvements in the management of innovation production occur because proximity improves monitoring, managerial ability to provide direction, relationship building that supports creativity, and information exchange, including advice from headquarters. Consequently, our results suggest that proximity can help managers balance both exploration and exploitation when overseeing innovation. Naturally, these results then beg the question of why firms do not locate all inventors and R&D facilities in close proximity to headquarters. We find that distant inventors and R&D facilities are located in areas with better general economic indicators, and especially more favorable tax rates, than headquarters, suggesting firms balance these benefits against the benefits of proximity when locating innovation production. This paper was accepted by Brian Bushee, accounting.
Integrating Gray Data Preprocessor and Deep Belief Network for Day-Ahead PV Power Output Forecast

Generation output forecasting is a crucial task for planning and sizing of a photovoltaic (PV) power plant. The purpose of this paper is to present an effective model for day-ahead forecasting PV power output of a plant based on deep belief network (DBN) combined with gray theory-based data preprocessor (GT-DBN), where the DBN attempts to learn high-level abstractions in historical PV output data by utilizing hierarchical architectures. Test results obtained by the proposed model are compared with those obtained by other five forecasting methods including autoregressive integrated moving average model, back propagation neural network, radial basis function neural network, support vector regression, and DBN alone. It shows that the proposed model is superior to other models in forecasting accuracy and is suitable for day-ahead PV power output prediction.
Significance of Pharmaceutical Regulatory Bodies - A Review

The regulatory bodies are being established in various pharmaceutical industries across the globe which plays a vital role to meet the requirements of legal procedures related to drug development process in a country. The pharmaceutical industry is considered as the most highly regulated industries worldwide. The regulatory body ensures compliances in various legal and regulatory aspects of a drug. Countries possess their own regulatory authority, which is responsible for enforcing the rules and regulations and issue the guidelines to regulate drug development process, licensing, registration, manufacturing, marketing, labeling and the product life cycle of pharmaceutical products. In an ever-changing regulatory environment, the role of regulatory affairs personnel is essential to ensure compliance with legislation in all regions in which a company wishes to distribute its drug. This article describes about the development of the drugs as it is a cumbersome process which includes several months of time, volunteers, and a huge finical investment majorly through the funding process, so it is strictly regulated as per the norms and regulations as given by those individual countries to carry out the drug development which were generally governed by the Drug Regulatory Affairs Personals.
Alternative B Cell Differentiation During Infection and Inflammation

Long-term protective immunity to infectious disease depends on cell-mediated and humoral immune responses. Induction of a strong humoral response relies on efficient B cell activation and differentiation to long-lived plasma cells and memory B cells. For many viral or bacterial infections, a single encounter is sufficient to induce such responses. In malaria, the induction of long-term immunity can take years of pathogen exposure to develop, if it occurs at all. This repeated pathogen exposure and suboptimal immune response coincide with the expansion of a subset of B cells, often termed atypical memory B cells. This subset is present at low levels in healthy individuals as well but it is observed to expand in an inflammatory context during acute and chronic infection, autoimmune diseases or certain immunodeficiencies. Therefore, it has been proposed that this subset is exhausted, dysfunctional, or potentially autoreactive, but its actual role has remained elusive. Recent reports have provided new information regarding both heterogeneity and expansion of these cells, in addition to indications on their potential role during normal immune responses to infection or vaccination. These new insights encourage us to rethink how and why they are generated and better understand their role in our complex immune system. In this review, we will focus on recent advances in our understanding of these enigmatic cells and highlight the remaining gaps that need to be filled.
Effect of Shrub Encroachment on Alpine Grass Soil Microbial Community Assembly

Shrub encroachment is a common phenomenon in grasslands all over the world. However, little is known about the consequences of shrub encroachment on soil microbial community structure in different layers. We investigated the effects of three common shrub encroachment (Potentilla fruticosa, Spiraea alpina, and Caragana microphylla) on grassland soil bacterial communities at the surface and deep layers in Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to investigate the bacterial communities, and Fourier translation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was conducted to assess the soil organic carbon (SOC) chemical composition in surface and deep layers of shrub-encroached alpine grassland. Shrub encroachment has significantly increased SOC degradation in deep layer. After shrub invasion, the bacterial alpha-diversity in the surface and deep soil was higher than in grassland soil (except for the surface layer of C. microphylla). Factors driving bacterial community changes in soil surface and deep layer were different. Among the soil properties that were measured, SOC content was the primary factor that altered soil bacterial community composition in surface soil, while SOC chemical composition (aromatic and polysaccharides) was the main driver in the deep layer. A total of 39 and 42 biomarkers were found by linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe) in the surface and deep soil layer among the four sampling groups, respectively. Phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states (PICRUSt) showed that the most abundant predicted functional genes belonged to categories of metabolism (52.83%) in the primary metabolic pathway. Redundancy analysis (RDA) results also showed that the key factors affecting bacterial metabolic function appear to be SOC, pH, and aromatics, which are largely consistent with those affecting community composition. We suggest that shrub encroachment affect the structure, diversity, and predicted functions of bacterial communities, thus affecting the C cycle in this region.
Discriminant Subspace Low-Rank Representation Algorithm for Electroencephalography-Based Alzheimer’s Disease Recognition

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a chronic progressive neurodegenerative disease that often occurs in the elderly. Electroencephalography (EEG) signals have a strong correlation with neuropsychological test results and brain structural changes. It has become an effective aid in the early diagnosis of AD by exploiting abnormal brain activity. Because the original EEG has the characteristics of weak amplitude, strong background noise and randomness, the research on intelligent AD recognition based on machine learning is still in the exploratory stage. This paper proposes the discriminant subspace low-rank representation (DSLRR) algorithm for EEG-based AD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) recognition. The subspace learning and low-rank representation are flexibly integrated into a feature representation model. On the one hand, based on the low-rank representation, the graph discriminant embedding is introduced to constrain the representation coefficients, so that the robust representation coefficients can preserve the local manifold structure of the EEG data. On the other hand, the least squares regression, principle component analysis, and global graph embedding are introduced into the subspace learning, to make the model more discriminative. The objective function of DSLRR is solved by the inexact augmented Lagrange multiplier method. The experimental results show that the DSLRR algorithm has good classification performance, which is helpful for in-depth research on AD and MCI recognition.
Inﬂuence of dietary supplemental guanidinoacetic acid on performance, haematological parameters, carcass characteristics and enzyme activities in male broilers with cold-induced ascites

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) on performance, enzyme activity and biochemical variables of broilers with cold-induced ascites. A total of 640 day-old male broiler chicks (Cobb 500) were randomly assigned to four treatments (with 8 replicates of 20 birds) including a control and diets supplemented with 0.6, 1.2 and 1.8 g of GAA per kg of feed. On day 14, the temperature was reduced to 17°C during the daytime and 14°C at night. Dietary inclusion of 0.6 g/kg GAA decreased BWG in compared to those fed other levels in the grower period (P < 0.05). The ratio of right to total ventricle, mortality and relative weights of liver were lower in birds fed the diet with 1.2 g/kg GAA compared to bids fed other levels (P < 0.05). The plasma activity of creatine kinase (CK) increased in the birds fed with 1.2 and 1.8 g/kg GAA compared to chicks fed the control diet. It can be concluded that dietary supplemental 1.2 g/kg GAA would be a beneficial way to decrease the mortality rate of broiler reared under cold stress conditions. In addition, the blood levels of HDL-C increased in broilers fed the 1.2 g/kg GAA diet.
New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation After PCI or CABG for Left Main Disease

BACKGROUND There is limited information on the incidence and prognostic impact of new-onset atrial ﬁ brillation (NOAF) following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) for left main coronary artery disease (LMCAD). OBJECTIVES This study sought to determine the incidence of NOAF following PCI and CABG for LMCAD and its effect on 3-year cardiovascular outcomes. METHODS In the EXCEL (Evaluation of XIENCE Versus Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery for Effectiveness of Left Main Revascularization) trial, 1,905 patients with LMCAD and low or intermediate SYNTAX scores were randomized to PCI with everolimus-eluting stents versus CABG. Outcomes were analyzed according to the development of NOAF during the initial hospitalization following revascularization. RESULTS Among 1,812 patients without atrial ﬁ brillation on presentation, NOAF developed at a mean of 2.7 (cid:1) 2.5 days after revascularization in 162 patients (8.9%), including 161 of 893 (18.0%) CABG-treated patients and 1 of 919 (0.1%) PCI-treated patients
Effect of Two Different Drug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains on the Physiological Properties of MAC-T Cells and Their Transcriptome Analysis

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is one of the main pathogens causing mastitis in dairy cows. The current work mainly focuses on the pathway of apoptosis induction in MAC-T cells caused by S. aureus infection or other factors. However, the physiological characteristics of S. aureus infected MAC-T cells and the resulting mRNA expression profile remain unknown particularly in the case of diverse drug resistant strains. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) strains were used to infect MAC-T cells to investigate this issue. The adhesion, invasion and apoptosis ability of MRSA-infected group and MSSA-infected group was assessed over time (2, 4, 6, 8, and 12 h). After 8 h, the RNA sequencing was conducted on the MRSA-infected and the MSSA-infected with uninfected MAC-T cells as controls. The results showed that the adhesion and invasion ability of MRSA-infected and MSSA-infected to MAC-T cells increased and then decreased with infection time, peaking at 8 h. The adhesion and invasion rates of the MSSA-infected were substantially lower than those of the MRSA-infected, and the invasion rate of the MSSA-infected group was nearly non-existent. Then the apoptosis rate of MAC-T cells increased as the infection time increased. The transcriptome analysis revealed 549 differentially expressed mRNAs and 390 differentially expressed mRNAs in MRSA-infected and MSSA-infected MAC-T cells, respectively, compared to the uninfected MAC-T cells. According to GO analysis, these differentially expressed genes were involved in immune response, inflammation, apoptosis, and other processes. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis indicated the following pathways were linked to adhesion, invasion inflammation and apoptosis, including AMPK, FOXO, HIF-1, IL-17, JAK-STAT, MAPK, mTOR, NF-κB, p53, PI3K-Akt, TNF, Toll-like receptor, Rap1, RAS, prion disease, the bacterial invasion of epithelial cells pathway. We found 86 DEGs from 41 KEGG-enriched pathways associated with adhesion, invasion, apoptosis, and inflammation, all of which were implicated in MAC-T cells resistance to MRSA and MSSA infection. This study offers helpful data toward understanding the effect of different drug-resistant S. aureus on dairy cow mammary epithelial cells and aid in the prevention of mastitis in the dairy industry.
In Vitro Protein Digestion of Cooked Spent Commercial Laying Hen and Commercial Broilers Breast Meat

Chicken meat from spent laying hens (SHs) has been considered as nutritive as the meat of commercial broilers (CBs) based on chemical composition. High insoluble collagen in SH meat might reduce protein digestibility and bio-accessibility compared to CB meat. This study aimed at comparing the in vitro protein digestibility of CB and SH cooked breast meat. In the first part, CB samples were digested using two static in vitro digestion methods and collected at different digestion points for determining the degree of hydrolysis (DH). The method providing a greater DH value was chosen for comparing protein digestibility between CB and SH samples. The activities of used enzymes during in vitro digestion were evaluated based on bicinchoninic acid assay 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid colorimetric method, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide electrophoresis. Particle size distribution of solid content collected from hydrolysate was also determined. The results showed that after digestion, CB showed 1–3 mg/mL protein concentration lower, while 7–13% DH and 50–96 µmoL/g protein-free NH2 groups higher when compared to those of SH. Based on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide electrophoresis, CB samples exhibited greater intensity of band at MW < 15 kDa than that of SH. Regarding particle size in terms of volume weighted mean (D[4,3]), at the end of the oral phase, the end of the gastric phase, and the beginning of the intestinal phase, D[4,3] of the SH samples were 133.17 ± 2.16, 46.52 ± 2.20, and 112.96 ± 3.63 µm, respectively, which were greater than those of CB (53.28 ± 1.23, 35.59 ± 1.19, and 51.68 ± 1.25 µm). However, at the end of the intestinal phase, D[4,3] of SH and CB, which were 17.19 ± 1.69 and 17.52 ± 2.46 µm, respectively, did not significantly differ from each other. The findings suggested a greater in vitro protein digestibility of cooked CB breast meats than that of SH ones.