Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fermentation Characteristics of Fermented Milk with Streptococcus thermophilus CICC 6063 and Lactobacillus helveticus CICC 6064 and Volatile Compound Dynamic Profiles during Fermentation and Storage

The lactic acid bacteria Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus helveticus are commonly used as starter cultures in dairy product production. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of fermented milk using different ratios of these strains and analyze the changes in volatile compounds during fermentation and storage. A 10:1 ratio of Streptococcus thermophilus CICC 6063 to Lactobacillus helveticus CICC 6064 showed optimal fermentation time (4.2 h), viable cell count (9.64 log10 colony-forming units/mL), and sensory evaluation score (79.1 points). In total, 56 volatile compounds were identified and quantified by solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS), including aldehydes, ketones, acids, alcohols, esters, and others. Among these, according to VIP analysis, 2,3-butanedione, acetoin, 2,3-pentanedione, hexanoic acid, acetic acid, acetaldehyde, and butanoic acid were identified as discriminatory volatile metabolites for distinguishing between different time points. Throughout the fermentation and storage process, the levels of 2,3-pentanedione and acetoin exhibited synergistic dynamics. These findings enhance our understanding of the chemical and molecular characteristics of milk fermented with Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus helveticus, providing a basis for improving the flavor and odor of dairy products during fermentation and storage.
Injury Prediction in Sports using Artificial Intelligence Applications: A Brief Review

Avoiding injuries in sports has always depended on historical records and human experience. This is despite using injuries being a major and unsolvable issue. The development of more precise preventative procedures using the now available approaches has been excruciatingly sluggish. The development of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) as potentially valuable procedures to improve damage prevention and recovery procedures has been made possible by technological advances that have made these areas more accessible. This article presents a detailed summary of ML approaches as they have been used to predict and anticipate sports injuries to this point in time. The research conducted over the last five years has been collated, and its results have been untaken. Assuming the present absence of accessible sources, standardized statistics, and a dependence on obsolete deterioration prototypes, it is impossible to draw any definitive conclusions regarding the real-world effectiveness of machine learning in terms of its application to the prediction of sports injuries. However, it has been hypothesized that resolving these two problems would make it possible to deploy innovative, strong machine-learning architectures, which will hasten the process of increasing the state of this area while also offering proven clinical tools.
Determination of the Prevalence of Microsatellite Instability, BRAF and KRAS/NRAS Mutation Status in Patients with Colorectal Cancer in Slovakia

Simple Summary Identifying the mutation status of driver genes in patients with colorectal cancer is a standard clinical practice in oncology nowadays. Despite this, molecular biomarker data for CRC patients on a national level in Slovakia are limited. Our study analyzed 83 CRC patient tumor tissues from the National Cancer Institute (NCI) database, examining microsatellite instability (MSI), BRAF, KRAS/NRAS mutations, and neoplastic cell percentage. Results revealed 4 MSI-high samples, 39 KRAS/NRAS mutations, and 5 BRAF p.V600E mutations, with one case exhibiting all three markers. We explored relationships between biomarkers, their coexistence, and demographic factors. This research addresses the scarcity of molecular data in Slovakia’s CRC landscape, contributing valuable insights into biomarker prevalence and interactions within the population. Abstract Slovakia has one of the highest rates of colorectal cancer among the developed countries, ranking as the second highest in the incidence of this disease for men worldwide. Despite the significant burden on both quality of life and the healthcare system this disease imposes, data on molecular analysis of biomarkers in CRC-diagnosed patients is scarce. In our study, we analyzed confirmed CRC patients from the database of the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and evaluated the presence of 4 biomarkers in tumor tissues. Altogether, 83 FFPE tumor tissues from CRC patients listed in the NCI database were analyzed for microsatellite instability status, presence of BRAF and KRAS/NRAS mutations, and neoplastic cell percentage in tissue samples. We identified 4 MSI-high samples, 39 KRAS/NRAS mutations, and 5 BRAF p.V600E mutations, with one case of coexistence of all three markers in a single tumor sample. We also evaluated possible relationships between biomarkers, their coexistence, and the age and sex of the studied population.
Effect of Occupational Stress on Periodontitis According to the Salivary RANKL Level Among Iraqi Employees

Background Findings show that periodontitis does not affect all populations; similarly, some individuals present risk conditions such as occupational stress, making them more susceptible to developing periodontitis through unhealthy habits like poor oral hygiene and immune suppression. Periodontitis triggers an inflammatory host immune response; “Receptor Activator Nuclear Factor KB ligand (RANKL)” is the primary regulator of osteoclast differentiation and activity. It was found that osteoclastic bone damage caused by periodontitis depends on the RANKL produced by osteoblastic and periodontal ligament cells. Objective This study aimed to assess the effect of occupational stress on employees with periodontitis using salivary RANKL marker. Material and Methods A case–control analysis was done at my clinic with 90 male employees aged 30–50. The participants completed self-administered questionnaires and had periodontal exams. Employee occupational stress was estimated using a life events scale questionnaire. Calibrated dentists performed the parameters used in the periodontal assessment after collecting whole unstimulated salivary samples from each employee to measure salivary RANKL using ELISA technique. Results The present finding revealed a statistically significant difference among groups in “probing pocket depth, plaque index, bleeding on probing, clinical attachment level, and salivary RANKL level”. They were higher in the stressed employees’ group, which is not statistically significant. Conclusion The findings of this investigation observed that occupational stress increased clinical periodontal parameters and salivary RANKL of periodontitis in employees.
Evaluating policy options for management of livestock effluents in the Reunion Island using a multi-agent system : [Preprint]

This study uses a multi-agent model to illustrate the behaviour of economic players in a context of rapidly evolving environmental policy. The area under study is represented by a sector of Reunion island with a high concentration of pig farms (Grand Ilet) in the upland region and extensive sugarcane plantations in the coastal zone. The pollution problems associated with pig rearing are being addressed by the public authorities, in choosing a set of environmental measures suited to the local context. After illustrating the approach and the results that can be obtained using multi-agent systems model, we couple multi-agent simulations and economic cost-benefit analysis. The advantages of the illustrated methods for the implementation of decision-making and negotiation tools are finally discussed. (Resume d'auteur)
Niosomal Bupropion: Exploring Therapeutic Frontiers through Behavioral Profiling

Bupropion (Bup) belongs to the norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI) class and it is the only FDA-approved drug of its class for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD), sold under the name of Wellbutrin. Although bupropion is effective in suppressing the symptoms, its regular use and overdose might lead to seizures and liver failure. Thus, we aimed to nanoformulate bupropion onto a niosomal vesicle to improve its efficacy and achieve the same therapeutic effect at lower scheduled doses. A thin film hydration method was adopted to synthesize and optimize Bup entrapped niosomes using three different surfactants of the sorbitan ester series (Span 20, 40, and 60) in combination with cholesterol. The optimization data determined that the niosome formulated with a cholesterol-to-surfactant ratio of 1:1.5 is the most stable system, with the Bup entrapped niosomes containing Span 20 (Bup@N20C) exhibiting minimal in vitro and in vivo toxicity, and demonstrating the sustained release of Bup in artificial cerebrospinal fluid (ACSF). The Bup@N20C formulation showed increased exploration activity and reduced irregular movements in reserpine-induced depression in the adult zebrafish model, suggesting the potential for mood improvement through the suppression of depression-like behavior which was established by statistical analysis and trajectory data. The Bup@N20C-treated group even surpasses the treatment effect of the positive control group and is comparable to the control group. Hence, it can be inferred that niosomal formulations of Bup represent a promising delivery system capable of achieving the brain delivery of the cargo by bypassing the blood–brain barrier facilitated by their small architectural structure.
Conceptualisation and Determination of the Concept of Creating Shared Value: The Results of a Delphi Study

Objective: The purpose of the article is to present the genesis of the concept of Creating Shared Value (CSV), re-conceptualise it, and point out the main dimensions of value creation. In addition, the article describes the existing interdependencies between the various dimensions and the distinct approaches to defining these dimensions. Research Design & Methods: The article presents the results obtained from an expert survey conducted using the Delphi method. The survey allowed us to obtain experts’ opinions on approaches to defining the creation of shared value and its dimensions. Findings: The results obtained suggest a different approach to understanding and defining the concept of CSV and the dimensions of value creation. In the study experts pointed to the connection of the CSV concept with other management theories and concepts in corporate social responsibility and sustainability. They emphasised the role of creating shared value to different stakeholder groups in the complex internal and external business environment. The difficulty of linking company strategy, business models, and activities with social, environmental, or economic goals was pointed out. Implications / Recommendations: The article presents the results obtained from the first part of a study aimed at constructing a tool to measure the creation of shared value. They are the starting point for both the development of the dimensions of the construct and the factors which can be measured to evaluate the creation of social, economic and environmental value in each dimension. Contribution: The article contributes to the understanding of the concept of CSV as a management theory in the context of enhancing the competitive position of organisations and provides a methodological basis for developing a CSV measurement tool.
An influence of extreme southern hemisphere cold surges on the North Atlantic Subtropical High through a shallow atmospheric circulation

Previous studies have attributed interhemisphere influences of the atmosphere to the latitudinal propagation of planetary waves crossing the equator, to the triggering of equatorial Kelvin waves, or to monsoonal circulation. Over the American‐Atlantic sector, such cross‐equatorial influences rarely occur during boreal summer due to unfavorable atmospheric conditions. We have observed that an alternative mechanism provides an interhemisphere influence. When episodes of extreme cold surges and upper tropospheric westerly winds occur concurrently over southern hemisphere Amazonia, cold surges from extratropical South America can penetrate deep into southern Amazonia. Although they do not appear to influence upper tropospheric circulation of the northern hemisphere, extremely strong southerly cross‐equatorial advection (>2σ standard deviations, or 2) of cold and dense air in the lower troposphere can reach as least 10°N. Such cold advection increases the northward cross‐equatorial pressure gradient in the lower to middle troposphere, thus shallow northerly return flow below 500 hPa. This return flow and the strong lower tropospheric southerly cross‐equatorial flow form an anomalous shallow meridional circulation spanning from southern Amazonia to the subtropical North Atlantic, with increased geopotential height anomalies exceeding +1σ to at least 18°N. It projects onto the southern edge of the North Atlantic Subtropical High (NASH), increasing its pressure and leading to equatorward expansion of NASH's southern boundary. These anomalies enhance the NASH, leading to its equatorward expansion. These extreme cold surges can potentially improving the predictability of weather patterns of the tropical and subtropical Atlantic, including the variability of the NASH's southern edge.
The Efficacy and Safety of Sacubitril/Valsartan Compared to Valsartan in Patients with Heart Failure and Mildly Reduced and Preserved Ejection Fractions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Background: Sacubitril/valsartan improves heart failure (HF) outcomes in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). However, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in patients with heart failure and mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF) and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) have shown inconsistent results. We conducted this meta-analysis to comprehensively evaluate the efficacy and safety of sacubitril/valsartan compared to valsartan within this specific patient population. Methods: We searched the MEDLINE database and ClinicalTrials.gov and identified four RCTs that could be included in our analysis, with 3375 patients in the sacubitril/valsartan group and 3362 in the valsartan group. Results: Our study shows that, in patients with HFmrEF and HFpEF, sacubitril/valsartan was superior to valsartan in some of the key HF outcomes, such as the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire Clinical Summary Score (KCCQ CSS), with a small but significant mean difference of 1.13 (95% confidence interval or CI of 0.15 to 2.11, p-value 0.024), an improvement in the New York Heart Association (NYHA) class (odds ratio or OR of 1.32, 95% CI 1.11 to 1.58, p-value 0.002), and the composite outcome of hospitalizations for HF and cardiovascular death, with a relative risk (RR) of 0.86 (95% CI 0.75 to 0.99, p-value 0.04). However, there was no additional benefit with sacubitril/valsartan compared to valsartan for the outcomes of cardiovascular death and all-cause mortality. In terms of side effects, sacubitril/valsartan was associated with a higher risk of hypotension when compared to valsartan (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.27 to 2.19, p-value < 0.0001), but did not show an increased risk of hyperkalemia or worsening renal function. Conclusions: In individuals with HFmrEF or HFpEF, sacubitril/valsartan can result in improvements in the HF outcomes of the KCCQ CSS, the NYHA class, and the composite outcome of hospitalization for HF and cardiovascular death when compared to valsartan. While there was a higher risk of hypotension with sacubitril/valsartan compared to valsartan, there was no corresponding increase in the risk of hyperkalemia or worsening renal function.
The Atmospheric Overturning Induced by Hector the Convector

AbstractThe overturning of Hector the Convector, a tropical multicellular convective system of northern Australia that regularly overshoots into the stratosphere, is synthesized at the scale of a large-eddy simulation. The isentropic analysis offers the advantage of filtering out the reversible motions due to gravity waves and taking into account the turbulent fluxes that contribute to the vertical transport. Two key circulations are characterized: the troposphere deep overturning and the mass exchange due to the overshoots into the stratosphere. The transition from deep to very deep convection is associated with a change in the diabatic tendency inside the tallest updrafts: the latent heat release due to the formation of a large amount of icy hydrometeors exceeds the loss of energy due to mixing with the drier, colder air of the environment. In agreement with a previous study of Hector examining the properties of its two tallest updrafts, the entrainment rate exhibits a minimum during the very deep conve.
Crafting Public Narratives: A Holistic Overview of Directorate General Public Relations Punjab

This article delves into the dynamic landscape of public relations (PR) and underscores its pivotal role in contemporary socio-economic contexts, with a specific emphasis on the Directorate General Public Relations (DGPR) of Punjab. PR emerges as a strategic discipline crucial for shaping positive relationships, managing credibility, and influencing public opinion in both the public and private sectors. Within the government sector, the article highlights PR's integral role in promoting accountability, transparency, and public trust. The author also discussed its function as a facilitator for effective communication between government organizations and the public, playing a vital role in disseminating policies, managing crises, and bridging the gap between the ruling class and the general public. A focal point of the study is the Directorate General Public Relations of Punjab, providing a comprehensive overview of its historical evolution, operational mechanisms, and the challenges it encounters. The author also discussed the rich historical context and contemporary applications, accentuating the enduring significance of PR, particularly as embodied by the DGPR, in shaping public perceptions and maintaining effective communication channels in both government and private sectors.
Planning Approach to Manado Waterfront Development for Urban Tourism in Manado, Indonesia.

Waterfront development is acknowledged as being significant to urban tourism planning and, ideally, the involvement of multiple stakeholders should be required in the development program. This research argues that although the importance of urban waterfronts has been realized, planners do not always give sufficient attention to tourism uses of the waterfront in their plans. Tourism planning and waterfront development are commonly presented separately in different documents so that there is a lack of synergy between them. Waterfront and urban tourism developmetn might contribute to good practice for the planning and decision making processes for resource and environmental management, especially for long-term waterfront planning. Principles for the involvement of stakeholders in planning are reviewed and evaluated in the context of tourism and waterfront development in Manado, Indonesia. The principles of sustainable tourism development are assessed in a situation in which there is tension between the achievement of socio-economic benefits and the protection of environmental quality. This research involved desktop research and fieldwork comprising questionnaire surveys and on-site observations to provide evidences of waterfront development in Manado, and the planning process that preceded it. The study provides evidence of the links between waterfront development and tourism planning in a mid-sized city in a less-developed country. Governments and Manado waterfront developers expect high returns from MWD through increasing local revenues and a stronger regional economy. However, the sustainability of the development is debatable. A stronger economy, increased incomes and wider job opportunities are widely acknowledged, but an enhanced quality of life for local people is not yet certain, especially if environmental degradation continues.
Fetal Programming Influence on Microbiome Diversity and Ruminal and Cecal Epithelium in Beef Cattle

Simple Summary Fetal programming through different maternal nutritional strategies can impact the development of the rumen and cecum in the offspring of Nellore cattle. We evaluated bulls submitted to different prenatal nutrition strategies, namely, non-programming, partial programming, and complete programming. Rumen epithelium was meticulously evaluated for rumenitis and structural irregularities post-slaughter, while cecal lesions were examined after evisceration. Additionally, DNA extraction and the sequencing of distinct amplicon sequence variants in the rumen ecosystem were undertaken. Our metagenomic analysis provided insights into microbial communities influenced by maternal nutrition and dietary factors. This study advances our understanding of fetal programming by emphasizing the intricate interplay between maternal nutrition, gastrointestinal development, and microbial communities. These discoveries contribute significantly to the field of livestock. Abstract We explored the influence of maternal nutritional strategies on the development of the rumen and cecum in offspring. Additionally, we investigated the potential repercussions of prenatal nutrition on the rumen and fecal microbiota composition, utilizing metagenomic 16S techniques, to understand the effects of fetal programming (FP) in Nellore cattle. A total of 63 bulls submitted to different prenatal nutrition strategies, namely, non-programming (NP), partial programming (PP), and complete programming (CP), were evaluated. The rumen epithelium was methodically evaluated based on the presence of rumenitis and structural irregularities. The assessment of cecum lesions was conducted post-evisceration, whereby all thoroughly cleaned ceca were methodically evaluated. Samples from 15 animals of rumen fluid at slaughter and feces during the finishing phase were collected, respectively. All DNA extraction were carried out using the Macherey Nagel NucleoSpin Tissue®, and 16S sequencing was conducted using the V4 primers on the MiSeq platform. Within the ruminal ecosystem, an estimated range of 90 to 130 distinct amplicon sequence variants was discerned, as distributed across 45,000 to 70,000 sequencing reads. Our metagenomic exploration unveils microbial communities that distinctly mirror gastrointestinal tract microenvironments and dietary influences. In sum, this comprehensive study advances our comprehension of FP, highlighting the interplay of maternal nutrition, gastrointestinal development, and microbial communities, contributing significantly to the fields of animal science.
Scale of Geotectonic Phenomena

The processes of geotectonics range through fifteen orders of magnitude of length and have an equal spread in time. Many behaviour thresholds exist and because the several physical properties involve different powers of length or time, terms which are quite insignificant on one scale may be the dominant ones in others. No one mental or mathematical model has validity over the whole field; hence models must be deliberately selected for the time-size field of thinking or calculation. Nomenclature should change with field so that it signifies the kind of behaviour relevant to the scale. The time field for impact crater phenomena makes Dietz's astrobleme interpretation of the Vredefort dome extremely improbable.