Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An all-optical 8-bit RAM storage unit with 2×4-bit WDM-formatted data words

During the past years, the processor-memory performance gap, also known as “Memory Wall” problem, has forced designers to allocate more than 50% of the chip real-estate for caching purposes to alleviate limited memory bandwidth. Optical technology holds the credentials of delivering high-bandwidth and energy-efficient photonic integrated memories that could revisit the traditional computing architectures. The migration, however, to fully functional and practical optical RAMs will require the exploitation of wavelength dimension as well as seamless cooperation between storage and peripheral decoding units, for efficient RAM architectural layouts. In this paper we present the first demonstration of an all-optical 8-bit RAM storage unit comprising WDM-enabled 2×4 Row and 1×4 Column Decoders and a 2×4-bit optical RAM Bank for storing a 20Gb/s 4-bit WDM-formatted optical data word per row. The proposed scheme incorporates a shared multi-λ SOA-MZI Access Gate (AG) per Word Line (WL) for granting access-control to the appropriate word line, WL “00” or WL “01”, and a passive Column Decoder that directs the incoming WDM-formatted data words to the respective RAM cells. Each RAM cell is in turn based on an elementary monolithically integrated InP photonic Flip-Flop (FF). The proposed architecture is experimentally verified for successful Write operation of a 4-bit WDM word to a selected 4-bit RAM row at 20Gb/s RAM throughput and a peak power penalty within the range of [7.8-10.7] dB, promising a 4× speed-up in memory-access throughput and paving the way for high-bandwidth multi-bit optical RAM-architectures that may relax the memory-bottleneck of computing architectures.
CORRELATION STUDIES OF AGRONOMIC TRAITS FOR HIGHER SUGAR YIELD IN SUGARCANE

Twelve sugarcane clones were used in this study. The analysis of variance revealed significant differences among genotypes for all the plant characters. Highest cane yield (144 t/ha) was recorded in clone NIA82-1026P5 and highest Pol % (20.82) and CCS % (16.45) were observed in CP84-1198. Correlation coefficient results indicated that cane yield was positively correlated with cane girth, weight per stool, sugar yield, tiller numbers and purity % whereas Pol % and CCS % showed negative correlation with cane yield. Sugar yield showed non significant correlation with cane girth.
Mosquito Culex cedecei Stone and Hair (Insecta: Diptera: Culicidae)

The Featured Creatures collection provides in-depth profiles of insects, nematodes, arachnids and other organisms relevant to Florida. These profiles are intended for the use of interested laypersons with some knowledge of biology as well as academic audiences. Culex cedecei is a mosquito endemic to Florida, and a member of the Spissipes section of the subgenus Melanoconion of Culex. Several members of the Spissipes section are important vectors of enzootic subtypes of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV). Everglades virus (EVEV) is subtype II of VEEV in Florida, for which Culex cedecei is the primary enzootic vector. Culex cedecei is typically found in forested wetlands of southern Florida, ranging from mangrove swamps to hardwood hammocks and lowland pine ecosystems (Hoyer et al., 2019). Larvae of Culex cedecei develop in limestone solution holes, and abandoned crab burrows in a variety of habitats. Although Culex cedecei is not generally considered a pest of humans, it feeds primarily on muroid rodents (rats and mice), which are important hosts of EVEV in Florida. Culex cedecei is therefore considered a vector of a zoonotic pathogen that can affect human health.
Artificial intelligence language models and the false fantasy of participatory language policies

Artificial intelligence neural language models learn from a corpus of online language data, often drawn directly from user-generated content through crowdsourcing or the gift economy, bypassing traditional keepers of language policy and planning (such as governments and institutions). Here lies the dream that the languages of the digital world can bend towards individual needs and wants, and not the traditional way around. Through the participatory language work of users, linguistic diversity, accessibility, personalization, and inclusion can be increased. However, the promise of a more participatory, just, and emancipatory language policy as a result of neural language models is a false fantasy. I argue that neural language models represent a covert and oppressive form of language policy that benefits the privileged and harms the marginalized. Here, I examine the ideology underpinning neural language models and investigate the harms that result from these emerging subversive regulatory bodies.
How Frauds in Times of Crisis Target People

ABSTRACT While there are no new frauds, internet technology provides new opportunities for fraudsters by facilitating volumes of attacks that law enforcement then struggles to address. Moreover, since context can affect how potential victims respond to frauds, crisis context influences how fraudsters design frauds. This article assesses fraudsters’ fraud design strategies during two external crisis events that impacted Australia: The Black Summer Bushfires that occurred from September 2019 to March 2020 and the onset and first year of the COVID-19 pandemic that occurred from January 2020 through January 2021. Targets, during these crises, were more likely to be vulnerable according to Steinmetz’s model victim for social engineering framework. This study shows that, in both crises, fraudsters deployed the social engineering techniques of “authority” and “scarcity,” techniques that are more likely to be successful based solely on initial contact. Fraudsters designed their requests to be easily actioned and crafted their scams to reference very recent events as the external crisis events evolved. Thus, they targeted broad audiences with minimal personal involvement. Furthermore, this study shows that fraudsters, when disseminating their scams via social media outlets, attempted to build “social proof” to expand their potential victim pool to include the marks’ social circles.
e-Cadastre - Automation of the New Zealand Survey System

Land Information New Zealand is in the midst of automating the nation’s survey system. Features of the automated system include: - Establishment of a new geocentric datum; - Digital integration of the cadastre with the new geodetic network; - Integration with the title system; - Conversion of existing survey data to establish a Survey-accurate Digital Cadastre; - Digital submission of new surveys by private surveyors; - Automated validation and processing of surveys. A key to the integration of the geodetic, survey, and title data is the data model and its implementation through mainstream information technology. Survey data is observation based and is adjusted through least squares to produce accurate coordinates as required. The survey data for approximately 70% of the parcels in the country is being captured to improve the quality of the existing Digital Cadastral Database (DCDB) derived data. Where the data meets the accuracy standards required in the regulations, the nodes are assigned Survey-accurate Digital Cadastre (SDC) status. Surveyors will be able to undertake virtually all aspects of their surveys electronically. They can extract digital survey data from the system while a new survey will be able to be submitted on-line from a surveyor’s office. The survey dataset is subject to a high degree of automated validation and processing against the existing record. The format for the transfer of the submitted data sets (LandXML) is being developed in conjunction with international organisations and survey software vendors.
Development of silicon nanoparticles for plasmonic sensing

The performances of a porous silicon nanorods / gold nanoparticle combination for high sensitivity plasmonic sensing was assessed. First, an innovative synthesis technique was developed in a view to obtain porous silicon particles (nanorods due to their elongated shape) with homogeneous size and shape. The porous silicon nanorods were then spin coated on a glass substrate covered with gold nanoparticles. The combination of the high specific surface area porous silicon nanorods and the plasmonic effect of the Au nanoparticles was tested to form a highly sensitive ellipsometric sensing device. The porous silicon nanorods could be attached to both the plane Au surface and the Au nanoparticles with a specific spectral shift in the reflected polarized light.
A fully textile-based skin pH sensor

This paper presents a textile-based pH sensor with high flexibility fabricated by printing a polymer composite as a working electrode and Ag/AgCl/solid electrolyte as a reference electrode on a textile substrate. The textile working electrode is composed of polyaniline, carbon nanotubes, and agarose printed on the textile. A thermoplastic polyurethane overlayer hot-pressed on the textile substrates provides a smooth hydrophobic surface, enabling a more stable formation of the composite films with a reliable output signal. The textile reference electrode is fabricated by printing Ag/AgCl paste and solid electrolyte. The fully textile-based pH sensor, by integrating the textile working and reference electrodes, exhibits a good sensitivity of 45.9 mV/pH with high linearity. The textile pH sensor maintains excellent performance and repeatability with 93% retention even in a bent state and after 1000 bending cycles. Finally, it is demonstrated that the textile pH sensor can detect the pH change on a piece of porcine skin. Graphical Abstract
Development and Evaluation of a Tool for Assisting Content Creators in Making PDF Files More Accessible

Most PDF documents are inaccessible for people with disabilities, creating barriers in education, science, commerce, e-government, and recreation. Documents in PDF format are considered harder to make accessible than documents in other formats, primarily due to the insufficient tools available to assist content creators. In this article, we present the research and development of Ally, a new tool to assist content creators in remediating their PDF files to improve accessibility. Ally utilizes best practices from other areas of HCI research to create a more efficient and effective interaction for remediating regions, headers, reading order, and tables in a PDF document for improved accessibility. Twenty participants attempted to complete the same PDF accessibility remediation tasks using both Ally and a standard industry tool, Adobe Acrobat Pro. Ally was almost twice as fast and three times as accurate compared to Acrobat Pro, with participants reporting a strong preference for and a much higher level of satisfaction with Ally. The approaches taken in Ally improve the ability to create accessible PDFs efficiently and accurately for the four important aspects studied, but future work will need to incorporate additional functionality, related to remediating alt text, forms, and other aspects of PDF accessibility.
Detection of Real and Virtual Fine Surface Features With a Haptic Interface and Stylus

In this paper we discuss the results of displaying fine surface features using a haptic interface. A stylus was connected to a haptic interface and configured so that users could explore real and virtual surfaces using the same apparatus. The surfaces consisted of sinusoidal profiles with amplitudes of 0.01–10 mm and with frequencies of 1–20 cycles over a length of 85 mm. Subjects were asked to explore the surfaces at will and count the number of waves detected. When exploring physical profiles, tests were conducted using a stylus with friction and a “frictionless” stylus with a roller. For comparison, tests were also conducted using the subjects’ fingertips instead of a stylus for physical surface exploration. Our results show that subjects’ perceptions of sinusoidal features on virtual and physical walls are qualitatively similar. At spatial frequencies of 0.24 cycles/mm and greater, the ability of humans to accurately count virtual and physical waves was also similar, despite the limited stiffness and bandwidth of the haptic interface. The results provide insight for the display of fine features such as ridges or grooves on a virtual wall.
Boiling Heat Transfer From a Micro Heater

Heat transfer from a micro heater is investigated experimentally and numerically. The micro heaters made of Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) are set on a glass substrate immersed in FX3250 coolant. Two different sizes (50μm, 100μm) of heaters are used in the experiments to analyze the size effect. The effect of the surface deposited layer by Al2O3 is also investigated with changing the thickness of the layer. All the experiments are performed in both subcooled and saturated boiling. The boiling curves of different conditions are obtained and compared. The results show that there exists an optimum thickness of deposited layer for heat transfer enhancement. They also show that the present heat transfer process is quite different from that of usual boiling. The phenomena are dominated by heat conduction in the substrate and large portion of the generated heat is transferred to the liquid and then vapor bubble through the substrate around a heater. Further, a photograph of a liquid microlayer under a vapor bubble is taken and the relation between an unsteady bubble behavior and local temperature fluctuations is analyzed.
Convivial Conservation Prospects in Europe—From Wilderness Protection to Reclaiming the Commons

Recent high-end EU discussions on biodiversity conservation support the strict protection of wild nature, thereby amplifying concerns about environmental and social injustices. Parallelly, grass-roots and academic proposals advocate for the fair recognition of community-protected areas and broader political negotiations regarding human–wildlife interactions. This paper argues that land commons offer valuable lessons toward implementing the convivial conservation vision as advanced by Büscher and Fletcher (2019). For example, the EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030 endorses strict protection of wild nature as a core element of economic relaunching. However, the focus on wild nature rules out the development of various biodiversity hotspots under human impact. Against this strict separation, various initiatives converge to make visible the efforts of indigenous peoples and local communities who combine resource governance with biodiversity conservation beyond free-market logics and human–nature dichotomies. This contribution takes the case of the Romanian forest commons and explores the synergies between these historical institutions and the convivial conservation proposal which advances post-capitalist conservation politics. The paper argues that the translation of conviviality to concrete pathways towards transformation is timely in Europe, and the commons offer valuable lessons which could advance a transition to more democratic and just forms of conservation.
Characterization of volatile compounds and microstructure in different tissues of ‘Eureka’ lemon (Citrus limon)

ABSTRACT Lemon fruits have a non-uniform histological structure, and are characterized by abundant volatile compounds. However, the distribution of volatile compounds in different tissues remain unknown. Herein, electronic nose (E-nose) and headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) were employed to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the volatile compound content in different tissues of fresh lemon fruits, while their microstructures were observed using several microscopy methods. The numbers of volatile compounds detected in the flavedo, albedo, juice vesicles, and segment wall were 41, 23, 29, and 19, respectively. The volatile compounds detected in the four tissues were mainly alkenes, alcohols, aldehydes, esters, and ketones, with a significant descending order in the total content (p < .05). The measurements of E-nose and HS-SPME-GC-MS both showed that the highest total content of volatile compounds was in the flavedo, followed by albedo, juice vesicles, and segment wall (p < .05). Furthermore, oil sacs and oil droplets were only observed in the flavedo by microstructure observation, where more essential oils (mainly volatile compounds) were distributed. The microstructure observation results also verified the measurement results of the E-nose and HS-SPME-GC-MS. These findings provide basic data for sensory evaluation and the comprehensive processing and utilization of lemon fruits.
BIOETHICS IN THE QUALITY OF THE MEDICAL SERVICE OF GRADUATES IN LINKAGE WITH SOCIETY

Offering good quality in health services in our country and in the world is essential. Inculcate this importance in students and develop in them an awareness that allows them to establish a correct Doctor-Patient Relationship, based on the Universal Principles of Bioethics: Autonomy, Beneficence, Non-Maleficence and Justice. This article is the result of an investigation, which raises the importance of the quality of services and how it should be carried out by doctors graduated from the University of Guayaquil in their relationship with the Society. It highlights certain key points and requirements that the doctor must meet in order to have a satisfactory quality of service provided in the Doctor-Patient relationship. Obtaining as results a guide or protocol of action, governed in the form of points that all doctors must carry out to fulfill the fundamental objective of achieving an efficient Doctor-Patient relationship and offering high Quality in Health Services. The training and professionalization of our Graduates in Health Sciences require Quality, a Rigorous, Complex, Holistic, Challenging preparation; that marks the difference between a Professional and an Amateur of Medicine
Classification and Treatment for Cervical Spine Fracture with Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Clinical Nomogram Prediction Study

Objective Through the follow-up analysis of cervical spine fracture cases with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), a treatment-oriented fracture classification method is introduced to evaluate the clinical efficacy guided by this classification method. Method A retrospective analysis was performed on 128 AS patients who underwent comprehensive treatment in the Spine Surgery Department of Qingdao University Hospital from January 2009 to May 2018. Statistics of patient demographic data, distribution of different fractures corresponding to surgical methods, 3-year follow-up outcomes, and summary of objective fracture classification methods were analyzed. A prospective 5-year follow-up study of 90 patients with AS cervical spine fractures from June 2015 to August 2020 was also included. Statistical differences on the distribution of factors such as case information, cervical spine sagittal sequence parameters, and fracture classification were assessed. Correlations between surgical information, American Spinal Injuries Association grade (ASIA), modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association scores (mJOA), and other factors were analyzed to establish a nomogram predictive model for curative effect outcomes. Overall, three major types and the four subtypes of AS cervical spine fractures were evaluated based on the clinical efficacy of the classification and the selection of surgical treatment methods. Result The most common type of fracture was type II (30 cases, 33.33%), most of the subtypes were A (37 cases), followed by B (36 cases) and C (17 cases). Twenty-four of 28 patients with type I underwent anterior surgery, and 47 of 62 patients with type II and III underwent posterior surgery. The average follow-up time was 25.76 ± 11.80 months. The results of predicting clinical variables are different but include factors such as fracture type and subtype, type of operation, and age. The predictor variables include the above-mentioned similar variables, but survival is more affected by the fracture type of the patient. Conclusion This predictive model based on follow-up information delineation points out the impact of ankylosing spondylitis cervical spine fracture classification on surgical selection and clinical efficacy.
The Methodology of Constructing the Quadratic Converters

This article provides a systematic method to construct types of quadratic converters. A three-terminal, four-element switching cell, consisting of one diode, one switch, one capacitor, and one inductor, is inserted into a separated conventional switching cell to create the quadratic converter. Detailed steps of the proposed method are described. Almost all the known nonisolated quadratic converters with two inductors, two capacitors, two power switches, and two diodes (or one power switch and three diodes) can be redeveloped by this method, but also many new topologies can be proposed. For example, the three-terminal, four-element switching cells can be inserted into SEPIC, CUK, and ZETA converters in different ways to derive different types of quadratic topologies. Furthermore, the proposed method can be extended to generate cubic or $n$ th power converters. Many of these quadratic converters are compared in terms of their dc gain, number of switches and diodes, voltage stress on the switches, character of input current, output polarity, and so on. The selection procedure to determine which quadratic converter might be used for different applications is presented. Finally, to demonstrate the generality of the approach, a new type of quadratic converter is derived and evaluated in both simulation and experiment.
Understanding subcontracting organizational arrangements for construction projects in China: integrating capabilities and uncertainty

PurposeChinese construction projects commonly implement subcontracting, but organizational arrangements have received little attention. Some studies have debated the impact of firm capabilities on subcontracting. To address these issues, this study differentiates the general contractor’s technological capabilities and alliance management capabilities and investigates how capabilities affect the degree of subcontracting and subcontracting dispersion based on the resource-based view and transaction cost economics.Design/methodology/approachBy conducting a survey, 219 valid questionnaires were collected from Chinese construction companies. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to test the influence of capabilities on subcontracting organizational arrangements and the moderating role of uncertainty.FindingsThe results show that technological capabilities decrease the degree of subcontracting, whereas alliance management capabilities increase the degree of subcontracting as well as subcontracting dispersion. The results also indicate that the positive effects of alliance management capabilities are weakened by project uncertainty.Practical implicationsThis study provides a better understanding of the diversity of subcontracting organizational arrangements in China. In addition, the findings may help general contractors carry out a rational arrangement by considering their capabilities and transaction hazards.Originality/valueThis study contributes to a holistic understanding of how capabilities determine subcontracting by distinguishing technological capabilities and alliance management capabilities and refining the degree of subcontracting and subcontracting dispersion. Meanwhile, the findings highlight the complementarity of the resource-based view and transaction cost economics by examining the moderating effect of uncertainty.