Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How to Build Educational Neuroscience: Two Approaches with Concrete Instances

Educational neuroscience is an emerging discipline, but it is not a uniform endeavor. There are different ways for it to make progress. We describe two broad approaches, which we agnostically label Culture A and Culture B. Culture A is currently the more frequent approach. It relies on individual differences to advance the science with a special emphasis on solving the challenges faced by learners with special needs. Culture B is less common. It examines the effects of contextual variables on typical learners to make headway at solving theoretical problems in education and improving general instruction. Both are valuable and both seek to improve education. By describing their differences, along with concrete examples of their logic, findings, and cultures of work, we hope to help both neuroscientists and educators answer a key question about one another’s work, “Why do they find that worth doing? ”
COPS: Cluster optimized proximity scaling

Proximity scaling methods (e.g., multidimensional scaling) represent objects in a low dimensional configuration so that fitted distances between objects optimally approximate multivariate proximities. Next to finding the optimal configuration the goal is often also to assess groups of objects from the configuration. This can be difficult if the optimal configuration lacks clusteredness (coined c-clusteredness). We present Cluster Optimized Proximity Scaling (COPS), which attempts to solve this problem by finding a configuration that exhibts c-clusteredness. In COPS, a flexible scaling loss function (p-stress) is combined with an index that quantifies c-clusteredness in the solution, the OPTICS Cordillera. We present two variants of combining p-stress and Cordillera, one for finding the configuration directly and one for metaparameter selection for p-stress. The first variant is illustrated by scaling Californian counties with respect to climate change related natural hazards. We identify groups of counties with similar risk profiles and find that counties that are in high risk of drought are socially vulnerable. The second variant is illustrated by finding a clustered nonlinear representation of countries according to their history of banking crises from 1800 to 2010. (authors' abstract)
Optical Modulation in the X-Ray Binary 4U 1543–624 Revisited*

Abstract The X-ray binary 4U 1543–624 has been provisionally identified as an ultra-compact system with an orbital period of ≃ 18 min. We have carried out time-resolved optical imaging of the binary to verify the ultra-short orbital period. Using 140 min of high-cadence r′-band photometry, we recover the previously-seen sinusoidal modulation and determine a period P = 18.20 ± 0.09 min. In addition, we also see a 7.0 × 10−4 mag min−1 linear decay, likely related to variations in the source's accretion activity. Assuming that the sinusoidal modulation arises from X-ray heating of the inner face of the companion star, we estimate a distance of 6.0–6.7 kpc and an inclination angle of 34°–61° (90% confidence) for the binary. Given the stability of the modulation, we can confirm that the modulation is orbital in origin and 4U 1543–624 is an ultra-compact X-ray binary.
Micropuncture Evaluation of the Importance of Perivascular pH for the Arteriolar Diameter on the Brain Surface

A micropipette technique was used to induce local changes of the bicarbonate concentration of the cerebro-spinM fluid surrounding arterioles on the exposed cerebral cortex of anaesthetized rats and cats. Injection volumes of a few nanoliters caused circumscribed and pronounced changes of the diameter of the arterioles under study: mock spinal fluid without bicarbonate dilated, while a solution containing 25 meq/1 of bicarbonate constricted the vessels. In such experiments the local pCO2 of the artcriolar wall remains practically constant, since it is set by the pCO 2 of the arterial blood and of the cerebral tissue. Hence the microinjections essentially consisted in a local change of the pH of the fluid surrounding a small segment of a cerebral arteriole. Since metabolic changes of the nervous tissue changes the periarteriolar ptI, it is probable that local pH induced vasomotor changes of the type reported here participate in the so called metabolic regulation of the cerebral blood flow which underlies the local adaptation of the cerebral blood flow to changing functional demands. Key-Words: Cerebral Circulation -Cerebral Arteriolar Resistance -Local Arteriolar Reactions -Smooth Kuscles -Hydrogen Ions. Schl~sselwSrter: Gehirndurchblutung -Widerstand der Gehirnateriolen -Lokale arteriolgre Gef~Breaktion -Glatte Muskelzelle -Wasserstoffionen.
Retrovirus Drugs-Loaded PEGylated PAMAM for Prolonging Drug Release and Enhancing Efficiency in HIV Treatment

Polyamidoamine dendrimer (PAMAM) with its unique characteristics emerges as a potential drug delivery system which can prolong releasing time, reduce the side effects but still retaining treatment efficiency. In this study, methoxy polyethylene glycol modified PAMAM generation 3.0 (G3.0@mPEG) is prepared and characterized via 1H-NMR, FT-IR, and TEM. Subsequently, two antiretroviral agents (ARV) including lamivudine (3TC) and zidovudine (AZT) are individually encapsulated into G3.0@mPEG. The drug-loading efficiency, drug release profile, cytotoxicity and anti-HIV activity are then evaluated. The results illustrate that G3.0@mPEG particles are spherical with a size of 34.5 ± 0.2 nm and a drug loading content of about 9%. Both G3.0@mPEG and ARV@G3.0@mPEG show no cytotoxicity on BJ cells, and G3.0@mPEG loading 3TC and AZT performs sustained drug release behavior which is best fitted with the Korsmeyer–Peppas model. Finally, the anti-HIV activity of ARV via Enzymatic Assay of Pepsin is retained after being loaded into the G3.0@mPEG, in which about 36% of pepsin activity was inhibited by AZT at the concentration of 0.226 mM. Overall, PAMAM G3.0@mPEG is a promising nanocarrier system for loading ARV in HIV treatment and prevention.
A Pilot Study of Grayscale Value to Differentiate Cavitated Carious Lesion from Non-cavitated Lesion

Grayscale value is an adjunct for the caries detection in some dental radiographs, due to its distinguishability of the cavitated carious lesion from the non-carious one. This study aims to confirm an effect of the grayscale intensity in the dental radiographs of demineralized enamel on the distinction of a carious lesion. Seventy-one freshly extracted premolar teeth (43 non-cavitated and 28 cavitated carious lesions) were clinically reviewed by visual and tactile examinations. Postradiography of all teeth with a bitewing technique, the mean grayscale values were calculated. Using a hard tissue macrotome, ground sections, 400 mm thick, were serially and mesio-distally cut in a parallel direction to each anatomical crown’s long axis and observed with a stereomicroscope. Intra-and inter-observer agreements were assessed with a Pearson correlation. Statistical scores and histological gold standard indicated the diagnostic ability. It was revealed that mean grayscale value of the non-cavitated lesion was significantly different from that of the cavitated one (p < 0.05). Unlikely, mean grayscale of the non-cavitated lesion was not significantly different from that of the sound enamel (p > 0.05). Clinical article (J Int Dent Med Res 2018; 11(2): pp. 445-448)
Real-Time In-Network Microburst Mitigation on Programmable Switch

Microbursts in the datacenter network (DCN) last for an extremely short time in switches and are difficult to discover from a coarse-grained perspective. Most prior works are dedicated to in-network detection of microbursts and have not yet attempted to mitigate them in real time. Therefore, a realtime microburst mitigator, called RIMM, is proposed in this work and mainly applies orderly detours with flowlet intervals for preventing packet loss and packet retransmission in the network. RIMM mainly consists of three key components: (1) detour launcher, (2) packet sequencer, and (3) post-detour handler, and can entirely work in-network on a programmable switch. Experimental results demonstrate that RIMM is capable of preventing packet loss, allowing the reduction of packet retransmissions, while effectively reducing microbursts, resulting in an enhanced data-center network performance.
Orthogonally polarized meandered fed multiple input multiple output antenna array for C‐band sub‐6GHz 5G and unlicensed Wi‐Fi smart‐phone applications

An eight‐element meandered fed concentric annular ring slot resonator MIMO (multiple input multiple output) antenna array with dual‐band operation is presented for sub‐6 GHz 5G and unlicensed C‐band Wi‐Fi applications. The annular slot radiators are fed by meandered elements designed for operation at 3.15–3.9 and 6.27–6.6 GHz frequency bandwidth with enhanced isolation of more than 20 and 15 dB in the respective bands. The resonator rings are placed on the four corners of the smart‐phone PCB with orthogonal meandered elements. The double‐band operation is because of two rings and the isolation has been improved by meandered feed elements. The performances of the proposed MIMO antenna was analyzed and validated experimentally. The design offers sufficient gain of more than 5 dBi and efficiencies of upto 75% with better radiation coverages. The measured results of the MIMO antenna are found to be in good agreement with the simulated results. Further, the antenna has been studied for SAR effects as well as radiation coverages in the proximity of users head and hand‐head. The antenna housed on 130×70mm21. 47λ0×0. 79λ0 common ground plane has provided good characteristics making it a potential candidate for sub‐6 GHz C‐Band 5G and unlicensed Wi‐Fi smart‐phone applications.
A Wine Flight of Gendered Sociology: Vignettes of (Apparent) Trivialities

This paper discusses the genderedness of wine through a focus on seven illuminative vignettes. Academic studies about wine, women and men have approached the subject by focussing on professional wine worlds, gendered wine consumption, and more general patterns of the genderedness of wine. Here I discuss what sorts of boundaries wine builds and breaks, and what kinds of taboos and threats are connected to winegender relations. What emerges from my approach is a cultural gendered sociology of wine, inspired by Mary Douglas. The boundaries discussed are more than symbolic, they are often deeply embodied, too. Yet the symbolic level is where meaning of wine-gender relations is constructed, recognised, and acted upon, in terms of powerful taboos to do with sexuality, gendered bodies, human reproduction, and gender boundaries. I argue that a deep understanding of why and how wine continues to be gendered cannot be gained through only researching forms of industry and social discrimination, and strategies of survival and success. To explain the enormous power of wine and gender and wine’s genderedness, a deep cultural sociology is needed.
Kefir – a fermented milk product beneficial for gastrointestinal health

Kefir is becoming increasingly popular as a result of new research into its health benefits. It is a fermented product which originated in the Caucasus Mountains of Russia. Kefir is produced by the action of bacteria and yeasts existing in symbiotic association in kefir grains. The composition of kefir varies according to the type of milk and the microbiological composition of culture types (kefir grain or commercial starter culture). Kefir’s distinctive flavour is attributed by lactic acid, ethanol, carbon dioxide and other flavouring agents, such as acetaldehyde and acetoin. The microorganisms in kefir produce vitamins, degrade protein and hydrolyse lactose making it a highly nutritious and digestible product. Kefir has a long history of health benefits in Eastern European countries. In this review, manufacturing technologies, physicochemical properties, microbiological composition, therapeutic activities (viz. antimicrobial, anticarcinogenic, immunomodulatory, probiotic properties etc.) as well as other health benefits, like reducing cholesterol and improving lactose tolerance have been summarised.
Intelligence Inside the King’s College of Cambridge

Article concerns with a stylistic analysis on a poem in terms of Systemic Functional Linguistics and Verbal Art Semiotics. The writing uses library research, qualitative data, documentary study, descriptive method and intrinsic-objective approach. The semantic analysis results in both automatized and foregrounded meanings. Then the automatized meaning produces lexical cohesion and in turn, it produces subject matter. Meanwhile, the foregrounded meaning produces the literary meaning and in turn, it creates theme. Finally, the analysis indicates that the subject matter is about the establishment of Cambridge University, the literary meaning is about eternal thoughts of Cambridge University, and the theme is about intelligence.
Multipurpose Watermarking Approach for Copyright and Integrity of Steganographic Autoencoder Models

With the great achievements of deep learning technology, neural network models have emerged as a new type of intellectual property. Neural network models’ design and training require considerable computational resources and time. Watermarking is a potential solution for achieving copyright protection and integrity of neural network models without excessively compromising the models’ accuracy and stability. In this work, we develop a multipurpose watermarking method for securing the copyright and integrity of a steganographic autoencoder referred to as “HiDDen. ” This autoencoder model is used to hide different kinds of watermark messages in digital images. Copyright information is embedded with imperceptibly modified model parameters, and integrity is verified by embedding the Hash value generated from the model parameters. Experimental results show that the proposed multipurpose watermarking method can reliably identify copyright ownership and localize tampered parts of the model parameters. Furthermore, the accuracy and robustness of the autoencoder model are perfectly preserved.
Punição por terceiros em distribuições iguais e desiguais: metacontingências com duplas de crianças via simulação com personagens

According to evolutionary psychology, cooperative behavior can be explained by a continuous relation between cultural and genetic evolution. In contrast, behavior analysis proposes that those behaviors can be learned during an individual life history. To analyze the effects of cultural and individual consequences on the participants' choices in the third-party punishment game, eight pairs of participants were exposed to an ABCBAC sequence. In Condition A, no choice contingent consequences were provided. In Condition B, the extra points were delivered contingently on the pair's choices to punish equal distributions and not to punish unequal distributions. In Condition C, the extra points were delivered contingently on the pair's choices not to punish equal distributions and punish unequal distributions. If only one participant of the pair emitted the required choice, an individual point was delivered. Four pairs emitted the required choices to produce individual and cultural points. Two pairs chose consistently not to punish equal distributions and punish unequal distributions throughout all conditions. Two other pairs chose to punish any kind of distribution throughout all the experiment. The results suggest that individual and cultural consequences produce changes on choices when participants contact them.
FPGA Implementation of a Three-Level Boost Converter-fed Seven-Level DC-Link Cascade H-Bridge inverter for Photovoltaic Applications

This paper presents an optimized single-phase three-level boost DC-link cascade H-bridge multilevel inverter (TLBDCLCHB MLI) system to generate a seven-level stepped output voltage waveform for photovoltaic (PV) applications. The proposed TLBDCLCHB MLI system is obtained by integrating a three-level boost converter (TLBC) with a seven-level DC-link cascade H-bridge (DCLCHB) inverter. It consists of a TLBC, level generation unit (LGU) and phase sequence generation unit (PSGU). When compared with traditional boost converter-fed multilevel inverter systems, the proposed TLBDCLCHB MLI system requires a single DC source, fewer power switches and gate drivers. Reduction in the switch count and number of DC sources makes the system cost effective and requires a smaller installation area. Pulse generation for the power switches of an LGU in a DCLCHB inverter is accomplished by providing proper conducting angles that are generated by optimized conducting angle determination (CAD) techniques. In this paper two CAD techniques i.e., equal-phase CAD (EPCAD) and step pulse wave CAD (SPWCAD) techniques are proposed to evaluate the performance of the proposed system in terms of the total harmonic distortion (THD) and the quality of the stepped output voltage waveform. The proposed system has been modeled and simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK software. Results are presented and discussed. Also, a prototype model of a single-phase TLBDCLCHB MLI system is developed using a field-programmable gate array (FPGA)-based pulse generation with a resistive load and its performance is analyzed for various operating conditions.
Metodyka pracy z sędziami kompetentnymi w procesie opracowywania skali do pomiaru konstruktów: rekomendacje i egzemplifikacja

Jednym z zadań nauk o zarządzaniu jest odkrywanie zależności pomiędzy zjawiskami zachodzącymi w organizacjach. Brak możliwości bezpośredniego mierzenia tych zjawisk powoduje konieczność ich operacjonalizacji i opracowania narzędzi do ich pomiaru. Procedura tworzenia takich narzędzi przewiduje konieczność zaangażowania w badanie ekspertów zewnętrznych, tzw. sędziów kompetentnych. Tymczasem literatura przedmiotu zawiera zaskakująco mało wskazówek metodycznych dotyczących tego zagadnienia. Dylematy dotyczą m.in. liczby zaangażowanych w badanie sędziów, sposobów oceny przez nich wstępnych pozycji kwestionariuszowych oraz analizy udzielonych przez sędziów odpowiedzi. W artykule przedstawiono przegląd literatury oraz rekomendacje autora dotyczące wskazanych etapów pracy z sędziami kompetentnymi, przedstawiono dylematy metodyczne związane z badaniem opinii sędziów kompetentnych oraz przedstawiono dotyczące go rekomendacje wraz z egzemplifikacją.
Construção de cepas recombinantes de Saccharomyces cerevisiae para a produção de ramnolipídeos a partir de sacarose

Biosurfactants are biological surface-active amphiphilic agents produced by many microorganisms. Rhamnolipids are glycolipid biosurfactants originally isolated from the supernatant of Pseudomonas aeruginosa cultures and are concomitantly produced with virulence factors upon quorum sensing signaling. They are composed of one or two molecules of rhamnose (monoor di-rhamnolipid, respectively) linked to one or two fatty acid molecules, more specifically beta-hydroxyalkanoyl-betahydroxyalkanoic acid (HAA). Rhamnolipids are green alternatives to petrochemical surfactants. However, their production has still not reached an economically feasible production in industrial scale, mainly due to high substrates and processing costs and low productivities and yields. With this in mind, this study aimed at the construction of recombinant S. cerevisiae strains for mono-rhamnolipids production from sucrose. Six enzymes responsible for mono-rhamnolipids biosynthesis in P. aeruginosa from glucose-1-phosphate (RmlA, RmlB, RmlC, RmlD, RhlA and RhlB) were functionally expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Furthermore, the invertase encoding SUC2 gene from yeast was disrupted and the sucrose phosphorylase enzyme from Pelomonas saccharophila was also expressed in yeast. Two strains were constructed: the mono-rhamnolipids production strain RLP and the intermediate dTDP-L-rhamnose producing strain RHP. Production of both molecules was confirmed by confocal microscopy and mass spectrometry, respectively. The engineered strains harboring biosynthesis pathways for dTDP-Lrhamnose and mono-rhamnolipids displayed, for the first time as a proof of concept, the production of these molecules by a GRAS eukaryotic microorganism using an inexpensive raw material. These constructs show the potential to further improve rhamnolipids production in a yeast-based industrial bioprocess to change rhamnolipids into a competitive global commodity.
Performance Analysis of the IEEE 802 . 11 Power Saving Mode

Turning the devices to low-power states when they are not in use is an important technique to conserve energy for battery-powered wireless devices. The IEEE 802.11 power saving mode is one of the most popular techniques in wireless LAN and multi-hop wireless networks to coordinate the power states of communication devices. In this paper, we present an analytical characterization of energy consumption, delay and loss rate of the IEEE 802.11 Power Management Mode (PSM) as a function of the traffic load, buffer size and other protocolspecific parameters. Contrary to general beliefs, we observe from the analytical study that the IEEE 802.11 PSM is not very power efficient for light traffic load. Unlike traditional steadystate queuing analysis, the novelty of our approach lies in the use of transient analysis techniques where time-dependent behaviors can be modeled accurately.
Activity-Based Market Sub-Segmentation Of Cultural Tourists

The group of cultural tourists has received a lot of attention in the past decades. Nevertheless only few attempts have been made to study the characteristics of the “culture tourism market segment”. Besides, it is often implicitly assumed that this segment is a homogeneous group of tourists. The contribution of this article is twofold: First, the assumption of one homogeneous market segment is questioned by searching for subsegment among cultural tourist in a data-driven manner. Second, this data partitioning task is achieved by using a topology representing network (TRN), methodology that allows additional insight into the similarity structure of the sub-segments identified. Disciplines Business | Social and Behavioral Sciences Publication Details This article was originally published as: Dolnicar, S, Activity-based market sub-segmentation of cultural tourists, Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 2002, 9(2), 94-105. This journal article is available at Research Online: http://ro.uow. edu.au/commpapers/40 ACTIVITY-BASED MARKET SUB-SEGMENTATION OF CULTURAL TOURISTS Sara Dolnicar Institute for Tourism and Leisure Studies, Vienna University of Economics and Business Administration Augasse 2-6, 1090 Vienna, Austria Tel:++ 43 (1) 313 36 / 44 76 / Fax: ++ 43 (1) 317 12 05 / e-mail: sara.dolnicar@wu-wien.ac. at
Bioaugumentation Efficiency of Microbial Bacteria and Strategy for Its Recovery through Addition of NPK Fertilizers and the Study of Its Morphology

The study basically focuses on hydrocarbon contamination that is caused because of bacteria present in the soil. Transport Nagar Area in Jaipur is mostly covered with garages and hence surrounded by crude oil, petrol, diesel and other fractions of crude oil. Soil and ground water are polluted with diesel fuel from leaking underground storage tanks which happens as a result of accidental spills and leakage from pipelines which causes harm to the both flora and fauna. In the study conducted the treatment samples were observed with significant difference with the control. The microbial count was maintained in the range of 3.86*10 4 - THBP per gram soil and 1.87*10 3 - PDBP per gram soil. The highest bacterial growth was showed after 60 days with 40% NPK because of the presence of an inorganic nutrition, bacterial activity and as a result petroleum degradation was maximum. Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 4(2): 233-235