Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Targeting Protein for Xenopus Kinesin-like Protein 2 (TPX2) Regulates γ-Histone 2AX (γ-H2AX) Levels upon Ionizing Radiation*

Background: TPX2 is as an essential protein for mitosis, but its nuclear function is unknown. Results: TPX2 goes to DNA double strand breaks and regulates γ-H2AX levels upon ionizing radiation. Conclusion: We discover a novel and the first nuclear function for TPX2. Significance: Our study provides new insights into the physiological and oncological roles of TPX2. The microtubule-associated protein targeting protein for Xenopus kinesin-like protein 2 (TPX2) plays a key role in spindle assembly and is required for mitosis in human cells. In interphase, TPX2 is actively imported into the nucleus to prevent its premature activity in microtubule organization. To date, no function has been assigned to nuclear TPX2. We now report that TPX2 plays a role in the cellular response to DNA double strand breaks induced by ionizing radiation. Loss of TPX2 leads to inordinately strong and transient accumulation of ionizing radiation-dependent Ser-139-phosphorylated Histone 2AX (γ-H2AX) at G0 and G1 phases of the cell cycle. This is accompanied by the formation of increased numbers of high intensity γ-H2AX ionizing radiation-induced foci. Conversely, cells overexpressing TPX2 have reduced levels of γ-H2AX after ionizing radiation. Consistent with a role for TPX2 in the DNA damage response, we found that the protein accumulates at DNA double strand breaks and associates with the mediator of DNA damage checkpoint 1 (MDC1) and the ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase, both key regulators of γ-H2AX amplification. Pharmacologic inhibition or depletion of ATM or MDC1, but not of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), antagonizes the γ-H2AX phenotype caused by TPX2 depletion. Importantly, the regulation of γ-H2AX signals by TPX2 is not associated with apoptosis or the mitotic functions of TPX2. In sum, our study identifies a novel and the first nuclear function for TPX2 in the cellular responses to DNA damage.
Dimensions for Describing and Explaining the Successful Outcome of the IS Outsourcing Process - Emphasising the Relationship Perspective

Outsourcing of Information Systems (IS) is today a commonly accepted and growing practice that is continually evolving. As the IS outsourcing market has matured, IS outsourcing is perceived as one way to increase business operations. Despite, few firms report success. The critical role of an effective clientIS supplier relationship has been argued as a precondition to reach a successful outcome of IS outsourcing. Even though the importance of the IS outsourcing relationship has been highlighted by both practitioners and researchers, paradoxically few studies have applied the relationship as the unit of analysis. This research study contributes to the identified knowledge gap by studying the success of the post-contract stage of the IS outsourcing process from a relationship perspective. The purpose of the paper is to identify dimensions for describing and explaining the successful outcome of the IS outsourcing process.As the combination of several theories increases the possibility to obtain a better understanding of the dimensions by which the IS outsourcing process evolves, the success of the IS outsourcing process is studied with an emphasis on three different domains of knowledge: the IS life cycle model, the interaction approach and the framework of the IS outsourcing relationship. Through the application of several theories, a more compelling description of what contributes to the successful outcome of the IS outsourcing process is reached. Furthermore, the application of several theories entailed the possibility to compensate for weaknesses of one theory through the strengths of another theory.Through the review of three different theoretical fields dimensions have been identified for describing and explaining the successful outcome of the IS outsourcing process. The dimensions identified are the activity-related dimension, the atmosphere dimension, the contract dimension, the efficiency outcome dimension, the environment dimension, the interaction dimension, the management dimension and the structure dimension.Besides the contributed dimensions, a modified version of the interaction approach is proposed. The modified version is adjusted to the IS outsourcing relationship and includes, besides its original parts, a time-line, additional dimensions and the specification of the involved firms as composed of three different interacting areas.
Habitat Relations Acorn Production Prediction Models for Five Common Oak Species of the Eastern United States

Acorn production varies considerably among oak (Quercus) species, individual trees, years, and locations, which directly affects oak regeneration and populations of wildlife species that depend on acorns for food. Hard mast indices provide a relative ranking and basis for comparison of withinand between-year acorn crop size at a broad scale, but do not provide an estimate of actual acorn yield—the number of acorns that can potentially be produced on a given land area unit based on the species, number, and diameter at breast height (dbh) of oak trees present. We used 10 years of acorn production data from 475 oak trees to develop predictive models of potential average annual hard mast production by five common eastern oak species, based on tree diameter and estimated crown area. We found a weak (R 1⁄4 0.08–0.28) relationship between tree dbh and acorn production per unit crown area for most species. The relationship between tree dbh and acorn production per tree was stronger (R 1⁄4 0.33–0.57). However, this is because larger-dbh trees generally have larger crowns, not because they have a greater capacity to produce more acorns per unit crown area. Acorn production is highly variable among individual trees. We estimated that dbh of at least 60 dominant or codominant oak trees per species should be randomly sampled to obtain an adequate representation of the range of dbhs ( 12.7 cm dbh) in a given forest area, and achieve precise estimates when using these equations to predict potential acorn production. Our predictive models provide a tool for estimating potential acorn production that land managers and forest planners can apply to oak inventory data to tailor estimates of potential average annual acorn production to different forest management scenarios and multiple spatial scales. 2011 The Wildlife Society.
DFCloud: A TPM-based secure data access control method of cloud storage in mobile devices

Using the cloud storage services, users can access their data in any time, at any place, even with any computing device including mobile devices. Although these properties provide flexibility and scalability in handling data, security issues should be handled especially when mobile devices try to access data stored in cloud storage. Currently, a typical cloud storage service, Dropbox, offers server-side data encryption for security purpose. However, we think such method is not secure enough because all the encryption keys are managed by software and there is no attestation on the client software integrity. Moreover, a simple user identification based on user ID and Password is also easy to be compromised. Data sharing which is critical in enterprise environment is significantly restricted because it is not easy to share encryption key among users. In this paper, we propose DFCloud, a secure data access control method of cloud storage services to handle these problems found in the typical cloud storage service Dropbox. DFCloud relies on Trusted Platform Module (TPM) [1] to manage all the encryption keys and define a key sharing protocol among legal users. We assume that each client is mobile device using ARM TrustZone [2] technology. The DFCloud server prototype is implemented using ARM Fastmodel 7.1 and Open Virtualization software stack for ARM TrustZone. For DFCloud client, TPM functions are developed in the secure domain of ARM TrustZone because most ARM-based mobile devices are not equipped with TPM chip. The DFCloud framework defines TPM-based secure channel setup, TPM-based key management, remote client attestation, and a secure key share protocol across multiple users/devices. It is shown that our concept works correctly through a prototype implementation.
Decentralized coded caching attains order-optimal memory-rate tradeoff

Replicating or caching popular content in memories distributed across the network is a technique to reduce peak network loads. Conventionally, the main performance gain of this caching was thought to result from making part of the requested data available closer to end users. Instead, we recently showed that a much more significant gain can be achieved by using caches to create multicasting opportunities, even for users with different demands, through coding across data streams. These simultaneous coded-multicasting opportunities are enabled by careful content overlap at the various caches in the network, created by a central coordinating server. In many scenarios, such a central coordinating server may not be available, raising the question if this multicasting gain can still be achieved in a more decentralized setting. In this paper, we propose an efficient caching scheme, in which the content placement is performed in a decentralized manner. In other words, no coordination is required for the content placement. Despite this lack of coordination, the proposed scheme is nevertheless able to create simultaneous coded-multicasting opportunities, and hence achieves a rate close to the centralized scheme.
Modified Growth Codes: Enhancing data persistence in sparse sensor networks

Wireless sensor networks are often deployed to work in harsh or disaster and other special environments, such as earthquakes, floods, fires, other outer space and the battlefield. Owing to the lack of energy or disaster scenarios, sensor nodes may fail easily. This severe reduce the data persistence in the network and the efficiency of the sensed data acquisition. Growth Codes (GC) can work effectively and enhance the data persistence simultaneously. However, the performance of GC decreases significantly when deployed in the sparse sensor networks. Uneven sensor data distribution may happen at the beginning of the encoding due to GC exchanges codewords in a completely random way which may also do no good to the data collection in the later period. Furthermore, in the catastrophic scenarios, the nodes continue to failure, which may lead to the network become sparse. To solve this problem, in this paper, we propose an improved GC algorithm-MGC (Modified Growth Codes) from the perspective of making the sensed data distribute uniformly. Later, a more efficient data collection algorithm MGC TYPE ? is proposed. Simulation results show that the performance of MGC and MGC TYPE II is better than GC, especially in the sparse networks.
Watermarking ancient documents schema using wavelet packets and convolutional code

The ancient documents have a major importance in the history of every people and every nation. These documents involve important information that many people need. As a consequence, it is necessary to preserve these documents in order to build a numerical library in the service of the public. Therefore, the necessity of digitizing these documents permits the simultaneous access to the same documents and provides the possibility of the reproduction of these documents existing most of the time in just one example. This task is considered as an important step in the research domain. In fact, many researches have been invested for the processing, compression, segmentation and indexation of these documents. Nevertheless, with a numerical form, there is a threat of hacking, stocking, copying, modifying and finally diffusing these documents in an illegal way without losing their quality. As a consequence, we face the problem of losing the intellectual property because of the lack of methods that concern the protection of data. In order to prevent these frauds, watermarking represents a promising method to protect these images. In this context, our work makes part of protecting ancient documents essentially. In this paper, we have proposed the method of watermarking ancient documents. This method is based on the Wavelet Packet Transform (WPT) and it provides a good robustness which can face different attacks like signal processing (noise, filter and compression) and noticeable signature invisibility.
A METHOD FOR PROFILING THE DISTRIBUTION OF EIGENVALUES USING THE AS METHOD

This paper is concerned with solving large-scale eigenvalue problems by algebraic sub-structuring and contour integral. We combine Algebraic Sub-structuring (AS) method and the Contour Integral Rayleigh-Ritz (CIRR) method. The AS method calculates approximate eigenpairs fast and has been shown to be efficient for vibration and acoustic analysis. However, the application areas of this method have been limited because its accuracy is usually lower than other methods. On the other hand, if the appropriate domains are chosen, the CIRR method produces accurate solutions. However, it is difficult to choose these domains without the information of eigenvalue distribution. We propose a combination of AS and CIRR such as the AS method is used as a method for profiling a distribution of eigenvalues, and the accurate solutions are produced by the CIRR method using the information of eigenvalue distribution provided by AS. We show our method is effective from the result of applying this method to the molecular orbital calculations.
Upconversion Fluorescence Enables Homogeneous Immunoassay in Whole Blood

704–8. 3. Tripodi A, Chantarangkul V, Clerici M, Mannucci PM. Laboratory diagnosis of Lupus Anticoagulants for patients on oral anticoagulant treatment. Thromb Haemost 2002;88:583–6. 4. Jennings I, Greaves M, Mackie IJ, Kitchen S, Woods TAL, Preston FE. Lupus anticoagulant testing: improvements in performance in a UK NEQAS proficiency testing exercise after dissemination of national guidelines on laboratory methods. Br J Haematol 2002;119:364–9. 5. Aboud MR, Ma DDF. A comparison between two activated protein C resistance methods as routine diagnostic tests for factor V Leiden mutation. Br J Haematol 1997;97:798–801. 6. Thom J, Ivey L, Eikelboom J. Normal plasma mixing studies in the laboratory diagnosis of lupus anticoagulant. J Thromb Haemost 2003; 1:2689–91. 7. Jennings I, Woods TAL, Kitchen S, Preston E, Hughes GRV. Potentially clinically important inaccuracies in testing for the lupus anticoagulant: an analysis of the results from the surveys of the UK National External Quality Assurance Scheme (NEQAS) for blood coagulation. Thromb Haemost 1997;77:934–7.
Internet security standards: past, present, and future

n Security is a topic of great interest as the Internet transitions from the R & 0 environment to the commercial sector and the home. This afiicle traces the evolution of security standards in the Internet and previews work now underway. he Internet protocol suite (e.g., IP, TCP) has been criticized as having been designed with no thought of security. People point to the ease with which IP addresses can be spoofed; the lack of security for name and address mappings provided by the Domain Name System (DNS); the lack of accounting facilities; the difficulty of operating some protocols across “firewall gateways,” and similar characteristics, as evidence of failure to anticipate security requirements. These observations, while generally true, do not fully support the criticism. For example, IP was designed to operate over lower network layer protocols such as X.25, and it was assumed that these lower network layer protocols would enforce network-specific charging policies The construction of networks from IP routers without the use of a lower network layer protocol was not part of the IP model, which also explains the lack of congestion control facilities in IP. Contrary to popular belief, IP was designed with a security model in mind [Kent 1993al. The model assumes the use of end-to-end cryptographic protection at the network layer for most user-oriented security services and the use of link layer cryptography for trafftc-flow confidentiality. TCP/IP was developed initially for use by the U.S. Department of Defense (DOD). In the DOD environment, the threats are such that the only accepted means of providing high-quality security in a large, geographically distributed network is through the application of cryptography. Appropriately designed, IP-layer cryptographic devices offer (connectionless) confidentiality and integrity, data-origin authentication, and enforcement of identity and rule-based access control through automated key distribution. Uniform use of such cryptographic security technology addresses many of the concerns cited above. Prototype devices implementing these services in the TCP/IP environment were developed, tested, and deployed on a limited basis in the late 1970s as part of DoD-sponsored R&D programs--well before security became a common concern for many Internet users, before the term “information superhighway” became a buzzword, and before the advent of the Internet standards process.
Securing Wireless Localization: Living with Bad Guys

The infrastructure provided by wireless networks promises to have a significant impact on the way computing is performed. Not only will information be available while we are on the go, but new locationaware computing paradigms along with location-sensitive security policies will emerge. Already, many techniques have emerged to provide the ability to localize a communicating device [? ], [1]–[4]. Enforcement of location-aware security policies (e.g., this laptop should not be taken out of this building, or this file should not be opened outside of a secure room) requires trusted location information. As more of these location-dependent services get deployed, the very mechanisms that provide location information will become the target of misuse and attacks. Therefore, as we move forward with deploying wireless systems that support location services, it is prudent to integrate security into the protection of localization techniques. The purpose of this paper is to examine the problem of secure localization from a viewpoint different from traditional network security services. In addition to the different attacks and misuse faced by wireless localization mechanisms, it is our viewpoint that these vulnerabilities can be mitigated by exploiting the redundancy present in typical wireless deployments. Rather than introducing countermeasures for every possible attack, our approach is to provide localization-specific, attack-tolerant mechanisms that shield the localization infrastructure from threats that bypass traditional security defenses. The idea is to live with bad nodes rather than eliminate all possible bad nodes.
Partially wildcarded attribute-based encryption and its efficient construction

Many kinds of ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption (CP-ABE) schemes have been proposed. In CP-ABE, the set of user attributes is associated with his/her secret key whereas a policy is associated with a ciphertext so that only users whose attributes satisfy the policy can decrypt the ciphertext. CP-ABE may be applied to a variety of services such as access control for file sharing systems and content distribution services. However, CP-ABE costs more for encryption and decryption in comparison with conventional public key encryption schemes since it can handle more flexible policies. In particular, wildcards, which mean that certain attributes are not relevant to the ciphertext policy, are not essential for a certain service. In this paper, we construct a partially wildcarded CP-ABE scheme with a lower decryption cost. In our scheme, the user's attributes are separated into those requiring wildcards and those not requiring wildcards. Our scheme hence embodies a CP-ABE scheme with a wildcard functionality and an efficient CP-ABE scheme without wildcard functionality. We compare our scheme with the conventional CP-ABE schemes and describe a content distribution service as an application of our scheme.
Computerized attention retraining for individuals with elevated health anxiety

Background and Objectives: Current cognitive-behavioral theorists conceptualize hypochondriasis as excessive health anxiety (HA). Growing evidence suggests that elevated HA is associated with attentional bias (AB) toward potential health-threat information. Design: This study aimed to examine the effects of attention retraining among individuals with elevated HA, using the established attention modification programs (AMP) designed to train participants to disengage attention from ideographically chosen health-threat words. Methods: Thirty-six randomly assigned individuals with elevated HA completed eight twice-weekly sessions of the AMP (n = 18) or the attention control condition (ACC; n = 18). Results: Despite using the well-established AMP protocol widely used within the field of anxiety disorders, we did not find evidence for change in AB following training. Further, AMP did not outperform ACC in reducing HA and other relevant emotional symptoms. However, both AMP and ACC evidenced overall significant symptom reduction in most of the outcome measures, including overall HA, anxiety sensitivity, general depression and anxiety, and somatic complaints. Conclusions: Further research is needed to better understand the effects and mechanisms of AMP as a possible cognitive intervention for HA.
11 Baumol ’ s cost disease

In 1966, William J. Baumol and William G. Bowen published Performing Arts: The Economic Dilemma. Their book was extraordinarily influential and it is generally agreed that analysis of the economics of the arts had its origin in that work. The economic dilemma Baumol and Bowen referred to was the problem of financing the performing arts in the face of ineluctably rising unit costs. These, they argued, are the result of ‘productivity lag’. The resulting cost pressure has come to be known as ‘Baumol’s cost disease’. Productivity is defined by economists as physical output per work hour. Increases in productivity over time may occur for the following reasons: (1) increased capital per worker, (2) improved technology, (3) increased labour skill, (4) better management, and (5) economies of scale as output rises. As this list suggests, increases in productivity are most readily achieved in industries that use of a lot of machinery and equipment. In such industries output per worker can be increased either by using more machinery or by investing in new equipment that embodies improved technology. As a result, in the typical manufacturing industry the amount of labour time needed to produce a physical unit of output declines dramatically decade after decade. The live performing arts are at the other end of the spectrum. Machinery, equipment and technology play only a small role in their production process and, in any case, change very little over time. That is not to say that technological improvements are entirely absent. For example, stage lighting has been revolutionized by the development of electronic controls and audience comfort greatly enhanced by air conditioning, which also facilitates longer seasons and more flexible scheduling. But these improvements are not central to the business at hand. As Baumol and Bowen point out, the conditions of production themselves preclude any substantial change in productivity because ‘the work of the performer is an end in itself, not a means for the production of some good’ (ibid., p.164). Since the performer’s labour is the output – the singer singing, the dancer dancing, the pianist playing – there is really no way to increase output per hour. It takes four musicians as much playing time to perform a Beethoven string quartet today as it did in 1800.