Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MODIFIED SIMPLE FORMULATION ON A COLLOCATED GRID WITH AN ASSESSMENT OF THE SIMPLIFIED QUICK SCHEME

The simplified QUICK scheme (transverse curvature terms are neglected) is extended to a nonuniform, rectangular, collocated grid system for the solution of two-dimensional fluid flow problems using a vertex-based finite-volume approximation. The influence of the non-pressure gradient source term is added to the Rhie-Chow interpolation method [5], and a local-mode Fourier analysis of the modified scheme demonstrates that characteristically, it is strongly elliptic and has high-frequency damping capability, which effectively eliminates the grid-scale pressure oscillations. Within this framework, the SIMPLE iteration procedure is constructed. A comparison between the present method and the control-volume-based finite-element method (CVFEM) with vorticity-stream function formulation for free convection in a cavity indicates that the proposed scheme can be applied successfully to fluid flow and heat transfer problems.
End-Point Position Estimation of a Soft Continuum Manipulator Using Embedded Linear Magnetic Encoders

Soft continuum robots are compliant mechanisms that rely on a deformable structure in order to achieve a desired posture. One of the challenges in designing and controlling this type of robot is to obtain the necessary proprioceptive information without resorting to external sensors, like cameras or 3D positioning devices. This requires a reliable and repeatable sensor that can be embedded in the highly deformable structure, distributed along its length, without imposing a significant change to the overall stiffness. This paper presents design considerations and practical results of estimating the tip position of a soft continuum manipulator module using embedded linear magnetic encoders. Three flexible scales with incremental tracks and a magnetic pole pitch of 2 mm are embedded in the robot structure as passive tendons, and six pairs of Hall effect linear sensors are used to measure the relative displacement between points along the outer surface of the structure. The curvature and tip position are then estimated from these measurements. Results are compared with the ground truth measurement of the tip position provided by a commercial optical tracker system. Average error estimates lower than 2.0 mm, with 8.7 mm peak value, were obtained for a robot module with a motion span of approximately 100 mm.
VARIATIONS IN THE SPECTRUM OF THE WOLF-RAYET STAR HD 50896

sphere. This possibility has frequently been suggested as a partial explanation of bright lines in stellar spectra. In this blurry spectrum, the linear portion of the curve of growth of line intensities is unusually long. An example is furnished by multiplet (41), aF — zG°, of Fe i in which X4415 appears to be much weaker with respect to X4383 than in an ordinary G-type spectrum. If difficulties caused by blending were not too serious, a spectrum of this kind might be a strategic one from which to determine the relative abundance of certain chemical elements. I am indebted to Messrs. Miller and Mowbray for valuable aid in obtaining spectrograms.
Band Theory of the Optical Activity of Crystals

The optical activity of crystals is investigated in terms of the crystal energy band theory. The ordinary optical activity is the spatial dispersion effect of light and is due to the ohmic current response caused by light field. The two sorts of contribution is specified, the matrix element term and the energy spectrum term. The latter term is directly related to the presence of k -linear terms is the energy dispersion E ( k ) at symmetry points in the Brillouin zone. The sum rule of the rotatory strength is derived and the Wannier exciton effect is discussed. The theory is applied to the optical rotatory dispersion of tellurium with the use of the known values of energy band parameters. The calculated dispersion curve is in good agreement with the experimental data. The optical rotatory dispersion of selenium is also discussed.
Liposome Deformation Induced by Membrane-Binding Peptides

This paper presents an investigation of liposome deformation and shape distortion using four membrane-binding peptides: TAT and C105Y as cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), and melittin and ovispirin as antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). Liposome deformation was monitored utilizing fluorescent microscopy, while the binding of peptides to the DOPC membrane was estimated through capacitance measurements. The degree of liposome deformation and shape distortion was found to be higher for the CPPs compared to the AMPs. Additionally, it was observed that C105Y did not induce liposome rupture, unlike the other three peptides. We propose that these variations in liposome distortion may be attributed to differences in secondary structure, specifically the presence of an α-helix or random coil. Our studies offer insight into the use of peptides to elicit control of liposome architecture and may offer a promising approach for regulating the bodies of liposomal molecular robots.
Anisotropies in the neutrino background: An update

We update a previous search for anisotropies in the neutrino background using the new results from the WMAP satellite. We found that the new data confirm the indication for anisotropies in the neutrino background at about $\ensuremath{\sim}2\ensuremath{\sigma}$ c.l. Parametrizing the neutrino background through the viscosity parameter ${c}_{\mathrm{vis}}^{2}$, we demonstrate that current cosmological data provide the constraint ${c}_{\mathrm{vis}}^{2}g0.145$ at 95% c.l. We discuss the stability of the result when the assumptions of massless neutrinos and the number of massless neutrino families are relaxed. In particular, we found that an extra background of relativistic particles, still compatible with the data, prefers anisotropic stresses with ${c}_{\mathrm{vis}}^{2}g0.09$ at 95% c.l.
Epistatic interactions among multiple copies of FLC genes with naturally occurring insertions correlate with flowering time variation in radish

Abstract Brassicaceae crops, which underwent whole-genome triplication during their evolution, have multiple copies of flowering-related genes. Interactions among multiple gene copies may be involved in flowering time regulation; however, this mechanism is poorly understood. In this study, we performed comprehensive, high-throughput RNA sequencing analysis to identify candidate genes involved in the extremely late-bolting (LB) trait in radish. Then, we examined the regulatory roles and interactions of radish FLOWERING LOCUS C (RsFLC) paralogs, the main flowering repressor candidates. Seven flowering integrator genes, five vernalization genes, nine photoperiodic/circadian clock genes and eight genes from other flowering pathways were differentially expressed in the early-bolting (EB) cultivar ‘Aokubinagafuto’ and LB radish cultivar ‘Tokinashi’ under different vernalization conditions. In the LB cultivar, RsFLC1 and RsFLC2 expression levels were maintained after 40 days of cold exposure. Bolting time was significantly correlated with the expression rates of RsFLC1 and RsFLC2. Using the EB × LB F2 population, we performed association analyses of genotypes with or without 1910- and 1627-bp insertions in the first introns of RsFLC1 and RsFLC2, respectively. The insertion alleles prevented the repression of their respective FLC genes under cold conditions. Interestingly, genotypes homozygous for RsFLC2 insertion alleles maintained high RsFLC1 and RsFLC3 expression levels under cold conditions, and two-way analysis of variance revealed that RsFLC1 and RsFLC3 expression was influenced by the RsFLC2 genotype. Our results indicate that insertions in the first introns of RsFLC1 and RsFLC2 contribute to the late-flowering trait in radish via different mechanisms. The RsFLC2 insertion allele conferred a strong delay in bolting by inhibiting the repression of all three RsFLC genes, suggesting that radish flowering time is determined by epistatic interactions among multiple FLC gene copies.
Detection of ADR on Covid Vaccine Safety Data

Due to pandemic vaccines are developed at a rapid pace. There is a requirement to ensure proper post-market pharmacovigilance. The proposed model will help speed up this process by classifying the Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) of the vaccines based on the severity. This will help vaccine manufacturers take necessary and timely action. The model will input the patient data (such as symptoms, vaccination details, and patient health details), which will be preprocessed and cleaned. The ADR will then be classified as a minor, major, or deadly reaction. The system made use of Count Vectors (CV), Word TF-IDF, N-gram TFIDF, and Character TF-IDF feature with Naive Bayes, Random Forest, Logistic Regression, Gradient Boost, and Adaboost machine learning classifiers. Using Random Forest with word-level TF-IDF comparatively a higher accuracy of 93.83% and an F1 score of 0.92 was achieved.
A quantitative method to evaluate covertness of APT attack

The high covertness of APT attack is an important feature that is different from traditional cyber-attacks, and it also can reflect the attacker's ability. The existing evaluation methods for the covertness of APT attack usually analyze the malwares used in the APT attack process. To evaluate the covertness of APT attack systematically, we propose a quantitative method. For multiple phases of APT attack, we construct two covertness metrics of each single attack phase considering the probability of the attack detection and the degree of disturbance to the target system, and then merge multiple phases to analyze the covertness of APT attack process. According to the results of simulation experiments, the method can evaluate the covertness of APT attack effectively and accurately. Quantifying APT attack covertness can help defenders to understand the specific process of APT attacks more clearly and provides a method to learn about the ability of attackers. It also can give some significant suggestions for the distribution of defense resources and the defense strategies.
Brillouin scattering spectroscopy of ferroelectric and ferroelastic phase transitions

Light scattering spectroscopy has played a crucial role in the study of numerous phase transitions and critical phenomena. In the case of structural phase transitions in crystalline solids, high resolution Raman and Brillouin scattering experiments have provided detailed information on the ‘soft modes’, the highly temperature-dependent lattice vibrations whose frequencies fall towards zero at the transition temperature. The condensation of the soft modes precipitates the spontaneous symmetry breaking which inevitably accompanies these transitions. Ferroelectrics comprise a particular class of crystals exhibiting structural phase transitions which have been investigated extensively by light scattering techniques. In addition to numerous soft mode studies, other subtle aspects of these transitions have been investigated by light scattering, including mode interactions and central peaks. In this presentation, the fundamental aspects of structural phase transitions and their relation to light scattering will be reviewed. A number of light scattering studies of ferroelectric crystals spanning the past decade will be summarized and used to illustrate the current level of understanding of these phenomena.
Jahresbericht 2016

Externe Evaluation der Testphase für die Neustrukturierung im Asylbereich – Mandat 4 – Rechtsschutz: Beratung und Rechtsvertretung, Schlussbericht, 17. November 2015, 34 S. Prüfung der unentgeltlichen Rechtsberatung (einschliesslich Vertretung unbegleiteter Minderjähriger) zur Beschleunigung des Asylverfahrens in der Testphase, in juristischer Hinsicht sowie mit besonderem Augenmerk auf deren praktische Umsetzung.
Sintonización Adaptativa del Estabilizador de Sistema de Potencia mediante Árboles de Decisión y Optimización Heurística

Este artículo presenta un enfoque novedoso para amortiguar de forma adaptativa las oscilaciones de baja frecuencia mediante un clasificador de árboles de decisión que utilizan como entradas las señales de frecuencia y potencia de las barras de generación sensadas por el sistema de monitoreo de área amplia (WAMS). El ajuste adaptativo de los estabilizadores de sistemas de potencia (PSS) convencionales (p.ej., PSS1A, PSS2A, PSS2B), que se encuentran disponibles en el sistema, se realiza al modificar los parámetros óptimos de sintonización del PSS, mediante el análisis de los modos críticos de los escenarios operativos utilizando el algoritmo de optimización heurística de mapeo media- varianza (MVMO). Estos parámetros por escenario pueden ser seleccionados mediante un clasificador inteligente basado en árboles de decisión con el objetivo de adaptar la sintonización del PSS a las condiciones de operación. Dicho proceso se implementa en PowerFactory de DIgSILENT mediante la herramienta de análisis modal, se determinan los modos críticos, para el caso de simulación. Mientras en tiempo real, los modos críticos son obtenidos por medio del algoritmo de identificación modal establecido con la matriz Pencil de las señales WAMS. La metodología planteada se aplica al sistema New York-New England de 66-Barras, obteniéndose la mejor respuesta dinámica del sistema con los PSS adaptativos a las diferentes condiciones operativas del sistema. Además, se compara la respuesta con el PSS4B que se caracteriza por monitorear varias frecuencias de los modos de oscilación presentes en la operación del sistema y así presentar los beneficios a la contribución propuesta.
Electronically Tunable Memristor Emulator Implemented Using a Single Active Element and Its Application in Adaptive Learning

In recent times, much-coveted memristor emulators have found their use in a variety of applications such as neuromorphic computing, analog computations, signal processing, etc. Thus, a 100 MHz flux-controlled memristor emulator is proposed in this research brief. The proposed memristor emulator is designed using a single differential voltage current conveyor (DVCC), three PMOS transistors, and one capacitor. Among three PMOS transistors, two transistors are used to implement an active resistor, and one transistor is used as the multiplier required for the necessary memristive behaviors. Through simple adjustment of the switch, the proposed emulator can be operated in incremental as well as decremental configurations. The simulations are performed using a 180 nm technology node to validate the proposed design and are experimentally verified using AD844AN and CD4007 ICs. The memristor states of the proposed emulator are perfectly retained even in the absence of external stimuli, thereby ascertaining the non-volatility behavior. The robustness of the design is further analyzed using the PVT and Monte Carlo simulations, which suggest that the circuit operation is not hindered by the mismatch and process variations. A simple neuromorphic adaptive learning circuit based on the proposed memristor is also designed as an application.
The Potential and Challenges of Creatine Supplementation for Cognition/Memory in Older Adults

Creatine (Cr) has been proposed as an ergogenic resource and the adhesion to its therapeutic use has gained relevance in the last 2 decades. The role of Cr in the aging process has been highlighted, with many studies aiming to understand how aging affects the depletion of Cr resources in muscle and brain, especially because Cr is a natural regulator of energy homeostasis and plays a recognized role in brain function and development, justifying the rising hypothesis that Cr supplementation can help mitigate the effects of aging. Thus, we aimed to review the role of Cr (supplemented or obtained in daily diet) and its metabolism in the aging brain, with emphasis on cognition/memory. PubMed, PsychInfo, EBSCO, Medline, BioMed central and Science Direct, constituted the searched databases. Inclusion criteria specified peer-reviewed studies investigating creatine metabolism and/or creatine supplementation, and assessing cognition, and memory in old adults, and published between January, 2000 to September, 2022. The importance of creatine in the brain’s energy metabolism is well established. The relationship between the decline of cognitive function and brain creatine storage still lacks stronger evidence. Evidence is also lacking on whether creatine supplementation is beneficial in mitigating the neural effects of aging, remaining an open field of studies that brings optimistic perspectives.
Parametric Study of Weighted Essentially Nonoscillatory Schemes for Computational Aeroacoustics

Based on the dissipation and dispersion relations, two groups of weighted essentially nonoscillatory (WENO) schemes are investigated for computational aeroacoustics. For high-order accuracy, all of the WENO schemes are required to be at least fourth-order accurate. Therefore, with a reasonable number of grid points, they can simulate the low-frequency waves with high-order accuracy. Also, for the higher frequency waves, two parameters in the WENO schemes are introduced to reduce their dissipation and dispersion errors. Both upwind and central schemes are considered and compared for order of accuracy and capability of wave capturing. A sequence of numerical simulations is carried out. These test problems are propagation of a sine-wave packet, propagation of a spherical wave, shock and sine wave interactions, and propagation of acoustic, vorticity, and density pulses in a freestream.
Nonlinear Predictive Control of Feedback Linearizable Systems and Flight Control System Design

The question of output trajectory control of input-output feedback linearizable nonlinear dynamic systems using state variable feedback is considered. For the derivation of the predictive control law, a vector function s is chosen as a linear combination of the tracking error, its higher order derivatives, and the integral of the tracking error. The control law is obtained by the minimization of a quadratic function of the predicted value of s and the control input. It is shown that in the closed-loop system the trajectories are uniformly ultimately bounded in the presence of uncertainty in the system parameters. Based on these results, a flight control system for the trajectory control of the output variables pitch, sideslip, and roll angles (0, /3, ) using aileron, rudder, and elevator control is presented. Simulation results are obtained to show that precise simultaneous longitudinal and lateral maneuvers can be performed in spite of the uncertainty in the aerodynamic parameters.
Magnetosheath plasma structures and their relation to foreshock processes

We present simultaneous Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms observations of plasma parameters upstream in the solar wind and downstream in the magnetosheath (MSH) from 2007 to 2008. We discuss the connection of foreshock (FSH) processes and magnetospheric disturbances to transmission mechanisms in the MSH. In 60% of the analyzed cases, the MSH was strongly influenced by the FSH. We analyze the results as a function of location, time scale, spatial orientation of the observed structures, and the prevailing interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) and solar wind plasma parameters. We find that plasma structures with density enhancement are mostly observed during radial IMF orientations and for small θBN, the angle between the upstream magnetic field and the local bow shock normal; the observed structures are pressure balanced with strong anticorrelation between density and temperature; the scale size of the density fluctuations is about 0.4RE. We compare the observations with results from a 2.5‐dimensional hybrid simulation to investigate the mechanisms by which the foreshock plasma structures are generated, propagate through the bow shock, and evolve.
iLog 2.0: A Novel Method for Food Nutritional Value Automatic Quantification in Smart Healthcare

In order to be healthy and well-nourished, one must consume a nutritious diet. Many chronic noncommunicable diseases, such as heart disease, diabetes, and cancer, can be prevented by taking healthy and balanced diet. Dietary diversity and moderation in salt, sugar, saturated fat, and trans fat consumption are needed for a balanced diet. The proposed system iLog 2.0 aims for estimating nutritional values of food. It uses state-of-the-art object detector to detect the food object. Food quantification has been performed. It makes the estimation of nutritional values more accurate. A high success rate has been achieved. This preliminary research shows promise in estimating nutritional value of the food.
Anti-Virulence Strategy of Novel Dehydroabietic Acid Derivatives: Design, Synthesis, and Antibacterial Evaluation

Anti-virulence strategies are attractive and interesting strategies for controlling bacterial diseases because virulence factors are fundamental to the infection process of numerous serious phytopathogenics. To extend the novel anti-virulence agents, a series of dehydroabietic acid (DAA) derivatives decorated with amino alcohol unit were semi-synthesized based on structural modification of the renewable natural DAA and evaluated for their antibacterial activity against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri (Xac), and Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa). Compound 2b showed the most promising antibacterial activity against Xoo with an EC50 of 2.7 μg mL−1. Furthermore, compound 2b demonstrated remarkable control effectiveness against bacterial leaf blight (BLB) in rice, with values of 48.6% and 61.4% for curative and protective activities. In addition, antibacterial behavior suggested that compound 2b could suppress various virulence factors, including EPS, biofilm, swimming motility, and flagella. Therefore, the current study provided promising lead compounds for novel bactericides discovery by inhibiting bacterial virulence factors.
Indoor Location Technology with High Accuracy Using Simple Visual Tags

To achieve low-cost and robustness, an indoor location system using simple visual tags is designed by comprehensively considering accuracy and computation complexity. Only the color and shape features are used for tag detection, by which both algorithm complexity and data storage requirement are reduced. To manage the nonunique problem caused by the simple tag features, a fast query and matching method is further presented by using the view field of the camera and the tag azimuth. Then, based on the relationship analysis between the spatial distribution of tags and location error, a pose and position estimation method using the weighted least square algorithm is designed and works together with the interactive algorithm by the designed switching strategy. By using the techniques presented, a favorable balance is achieved between the algorithm complexity and the location accuracy. The simulation and experiment results show that the proposed method can manage the singular problem of the overdetermined equations effectively and attenuate the negative effect of unfavorable label groups. Compared with the ultrawide band technology, the location error is reduced by more than 62%.