Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ontologies sémiotique pour le Web socio sémantique

De nombreuses opinions convergent vers l'idee que la construction d'une " Societe de la Connaissance " doit s'appuyer sur un perfectionnement des standards du Web. La recherche en Ingenierie des Connaissances vise un " Web semantique " appele a fournir de meilleurs services grâce a une nouvelle vague de standards. Cette these s'appuie sur l'hypothese que la semantique du Web qui sera la plus utile et efficace, sera celle qui sera creee au sein de communautes. Le " Web semantique " signifie alors inventer de nouvelles formes pour que les acteurs participent a leur univers informationnel foisonnant et en construisent eux-memes les cartes pour s'y reperer mieux et consciemment. Quels sont les modeles de cooperation necessaires pour elaborer ainsi cette conscience collective, creer ensemble du sens et partager les semantiques complexes qu'exige le monde actuel ? La solution presentee pour cela est basee sur la co-construction des " Ontologies Semiotiques ". Elle s'appuie sur l'approche de " Place de marche a base de connaissances " et sur le modele Hypertopic. Nous montrons ce que pourrait etre un " Web socio semantique ", visant a la fois la representation des objets metiers, des acteurs sociaux et de leur activite, et offrant un soutien a la manipulation de la semantique des notions relevant de ces differentes familles d'objets.
Social Understanding and Social Lives: From Toddlerhood through to the Transition to School. Essays in Developmental Psychology.

Part 1. Cognitive Perspectives on Social Understanding. 1. Milestones in Social Understanding, from Infancy to School Age. 2. Executive Function and Children's Understanding of Mind. 3. Language and Theory of Mind: A Cognitive Perspective. Part 2. Social Influences on Children's Understanding of Mind. 4. Language and Theory of Mind: A Social Perspective. 5. Parenting and Children's Social Understanding. 6. Siblings and Children's Social Understanding. Part 3. Social Understanding and Social Outcomes. 7. Social Understanding and Antisocial Behaviour. 8. Social Understanding and Positive Social Behaviours. 9. Social Understanding and School Life. 10. Emerging Themes.
P13.01: The effect of betamethasone on fetal movement, biophysical profile and fetal circulation in preterm fetuses

associated with maternal antibodies to 52-kDa SSA, 60-kDa SSA, or SSB ribonucleoproteins in mothers with autoimmune diseases. Serial fetal Doppler echocardiographic measurement of atrioventricular time intervals are suggested as a useful method for surveillance in these high-risk pregnancies. Autoantibody-positive pregnant women are to be monitored by means of weekly foetal echocardiographic exam from the 18th to the 26th week, and every 4 weeks thereafter. The heart block reverts spontaneously in the majority of fetuses, but progression to a more severe degree of block may occur in some. Although several studies have reported that heart blocks of less advanced degrees revert to normal sinus rhythm after transplacental steroid therapy, earlier prenatal diagnosis is important to steroid therapy and may decrease the degree of block and/or prevent or ameliorate an associated cardiomyopathy. Methods: 5 pregnant women with autoantibodies to SSA (Ro), SSB (La) were admitted to our department in the early second trimester of pregnancy (18–20 ws). Prenatal echocardiograms were performed weekly until the end of pregnancy. Results: In one fetus, a progression from first-degree block to complete block was observed from 29 ws to 32 ws, in another there was a progression from first-degree block to complete block from 26 ws to 28 ws, while in the others, recovery from seconddegree block to first-degree block was observed, with subsequent complete normalization at term. Conclusions: In our experience fetal echocardiographic exam performed weekly, even after the 26th week has allowed diagnosis of potentially lethal anomalies in these foetuses at risk. We therefore argue for further studies in order to evaluate the effectiveness of a more intensive monitoring even in the second and third trimester of pregnancy.
Antibacterial Effects of Azadirachta indica Leaf and Bark Extracts in Clinical Isolates of Diabetic Patients

Background: Antibacterial activities of crude Azadirachta indica (neem) bark and leaf extracts were investigated in bacterial species isolated from clinical samples of diabetic individuals. Methods and Material: Nine different dilutions of methanolic bark and leaf extracts were tested for this purpose in agar well diffusion method. Results: Both the extracts were active against Gram positive as well as Gram negative strains. Zones of inhibition produced by different bacteria for different concentrations were summarized by linear regression. Highest activities were exhibited for coagulase negative Staphylococcus (CONS) by both bark and leaf extracts, Y = 16.95 + 0.19X and Y = 18.90 - 0.70X, respectively. Conclusions: Results indicate that exhaustive studies involving identification of specific compounds in neem extracts and testing their activities in diabetic samples would be worthwhile considering steep emergence of multidrug resistant species in diabetic infections and infections in general.
Electrophysiological studies on initiation and reversal of the heart beat in Ciona intestinalis.

1. Electrophysiological techniques have been used to define pacemaker characteristics and organization in the heart of the tunicate Ciona intestinalis . The frequency of spontaneous beat initiation was regular or irregular for a given period of time; in any single heart, these frequency modes intermittently changed from one to the other in no regular order. Reversals could take place immediately, after a pause, or after collisions. 2. Trains of electrical stimuli applied to the ends of the heart could drive propagated contractions at a frequency of up to 2.6/sec, and dominance could be controlled by altering the frequency and/or intensity of the stimuli. Each end gave a characteristic response to increasing frequency of driving, and the threshold for one-to-one driving was frequency-dependent. 3. When the middle of a heart was ligatured, the two ends were independently active. Visceral ends exhibited regularly varying levels of high and low frequency with a period of several minutes, whereas the frequency levels of the hypobranchial ends varied irregularly. 4. Intracellular resting potentials were approximately -50 mV. , and propagated action potentials associated with contractile events did not show ‘overshoot. ’ Partial electrical responses were affiliated with weak or failing mechanical events, and complex, double-peaked intracellular potentials were often associated with collisions. In some cases a cell could show electrical activity that was completely dissociated from the mechanical response of the whole heart. Excitation thus probably spreads passively between cells, and multiple foci of activity may co-exist at any given time. 5. From electrophysiological and anatomical data, an hypothesis is proposed to explain the observed mechanical activity on the basis of the interactions of individual cells and higher-order interactions among groups of cells. Supported by grants from the U.S. Public Health Service (NB-02944) and the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR-334-67) to Dr Donald Kennedy, and by a National Science Foundation Pre-doctoral Fellowship to the author.
Part-Based Skew Estimation for Mathematical Expressions

We propose a novel method for the skew estimation on text images containing mathematical expressions which can be applied to various characters layouts. Current OCR systems are not capable of recognizing skewed characters in images correctly, and hence skew correction in such images is essential for character recognition. Conventionally methods such as projection profile methods, Hough transform methods, and nearest neighbor methods are used for skew estimation. They assume characters form straight text lines in images. By rotating the images so that those lines become horizontal, the skew of characters is estimated. Mathematical expressions, however, are difficult to apply the conventional methods to because equations often mislead them by containing suffixes, fractions, and matrices to form false text lines. The proposed method, on the other hand, is a part-based method that utilizes the local features of characters. Specifically, the system first creates a database by extracting the local features from upright character images and storing them. Subsequently it also extracts the local features from an input text image. The skew angle at each local part of the input image is estimated independently by referring to the database. Then the global skew angle is estimated by the majority voting on the estimated local skews. This skew estimation process enables the proposed method to be free from the assumption of the straight text lines in images. Therefore the proposed method can be applied to text images with mathematical expressions that generally contain various layouts of characters and symbols. Through experiments, we tested the performance of this method on the images that contain mathematical equations.
A Generalized Magnetic Circuit Modeling Approach for Design of Surface Permanent-Magnet Machines

This paper proposes a generalized equivalent magnetic circuit model for the design of permanent-magnet (PM) electric machines. Conventional approaches have been applied to PM machine design but may be insufficiently accurate or generalized without taking pole-slot counts into consideration. This would result in reduction of dimensioning accuracy at the initial design stage. Also, magnetic saturation is often ignored or compensated by correction factors in simplified models since it is difficult to determine the flux in individual stator teeth. In this paper, the flux produced by stator winding currents and PMs can be calculated accurately and rapidly using the developed model, taking saturation into account. A new modeling technique for PM poles is proposed so that the magnetic circuit is applicable to any pole-slot combinations. This aids machine dimensioning without the need for computationally expensive finite-element analysis (FEA). A 540-kW PM machine is first designed using the proposed method and then verified with FEA. Another 350-W machine is subsequently designed, manufactured, and validated by both FEA and experiments. The comparisons demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model.
Debugging Models in the Context of Automotive Software Development

Different models are involved in the automotive development process. In the integration phase, AUTOSAR is often the only model description available for a controller. The models that were used to generate the behavioral code (e.g., SIMULINK®) and sometimes even the source code itself are often not available due to IP protection. The controller software is verified using simulation-based testing, which may involve different kinds of environment models and legacy components. When a test fails, developers need to find the cause of the error. Even if the source code is available, source code debugging can be difficult, because the code has often been generated and thus may be confusing. Developers then use signal plotting for known variables, but plots can be ambiguous and lead to false conclusions. Therefore, exploiting the structural and semantic information of the involved models for debugging can be a valuable addition. However, the methods and tooling available are rather limited. Most of the existing approaches only consider live debugging. The intended PhD thesis aims at developing a methodology and tooling for debugging that makes better use of the models and the simulation data. It includes the application of techniques like slicing and the use of model hierarchies. A case study is planned in an industry context.
Differential modulation of cell phenotype by different molecular weight forms of basic fibroblast growth factor: possible intracellular signaling by the high molecular weight forms

To study possible functional differences of the 18-kD and high molecular weight forms of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), we have examined the effect of endogenous production of different bFGF forms on the phenotype of NIH 3T3 cells. Cells transfected with cDNAs coding for either 18-kD bFGF (18-kD bFGF) or all four molecular forms (18, 22, 22.5, 24 kD; wild type [WT] bFGF) exhibit increased migration and decreased FGF receptor number compared to parental cells. However, migration and FGF receptor number of cells transfected with a cDNA coding only for high molecular weight bFGF (22, 22.5, and 24 kD; HMW bFGF) were similar to that of parental cells transfected with vector alone. Cells expressing HMW, 18 kD, or WT bFGF grew to high saturation densities in 10% serum. However, only cells expressing HMW or WT bFGF grew in low serum. Cell surface or metabolic labeling of the different cell types followed by immunoprecipitation with anti-bFGF antibody showed primarily cell surface-associated 18-kD bFGF. In addition, when cells expressing exclusively HMW bFGF were transfected with a cDNA coding for 18-kD bFGF, migration was increased, bFGF receptors were down-regulated, and 18-kD bFGF was found on the cell surface. Cells expressing 18-kD bFGF transfected with a cDNA encoding FGF receptor-2 lacking the COOH-terminal domain (dominant negative bFGF receptor) exhibited a flat morphology and decreases in migration and saturation density. Cells expressing HMW bFGF transfected with the dominant negative bFGF receptor continued to grow to a high saturation density, proliferated in low serum, and exhibited no morphological changes. These results indicate that increased cell migration and FGF receptor down-regulation are mediated by the extracellular interaction of 18-kD bFGF with its cell surface receptor. Growth in low serum may be stimulated by the intracellular action of HMW bFGF through mechanisms independent of the presence of a cell surface receptor. Thus, the different molecular forms of bFGF may act through distinct but convergent pathways.
Probabilistic constructions of computable objects

A nonconstructive proof can be used to prove the existence of an object with some properties without providing an explicit example of such an object. A special case is a probabilistic proof where we show that the object with required properties appears with some positive probability in a random process. Can we use such an argument to prove the existence of a computable infinite object? Sometimes yes: we show how the notion of a layerwise computable mapping can be used to prove a constructive version of Lovasz local lemma. This paper is a survey based on [2, 1, 4]. 1 Probabilistic generation of infinite sequences We want to show the one can use probabilistic arguments to prove the existence of inifinite objects (say, infinite sequences of zeros and ones) with some properties. So we should discuss first in which sense a probabilistic algorithm can generate such a sequence. The most natural approach: Turing machine has an output write-only tape where it can print bits sequentially. Using fair coin tosses, it generates a (finite or infinite) sequence of output bits. The output distribution of such a machine T is some probability distribution Q on the set of all finite and infinite sequences. Distributions of this class are determined by their values on sets Σx (of all finite and infinite extensions of a binary string x). The function q(x) = Q(Σx) that corresponds to the measure Q satisfies the following conditions: q(Λ) = 1; q(x) ≥ q(x0) + q(x1) for all x. (Here Λ denotes the empty string.) Any non-negative real function that satisfies these conditions corresponds to some probability distribution on the set of finite and infinite binary sequences. The output distributions of probabilistic machines correspond to functions q that are lower semicomputable; this means that some algorithm, given a binary string x, computes a non-decreasing sequence of rational numbers that converge to q(x). Now we are ready to look at the classical result of de Leeuw – Moore – Shannon – Shapiro: if some individual sequence ω appears with positive probability as an output of a probabilistic Turing machine, this sequence is computable. Indeed, let this probability be some ε > 0; take a rational threshold r such that r < ε < 2r, and consider some prefix w of ω such that q(w) < 2r. (Such a prefix exists, since q(x) for prefixes of ω converges to *LIRMM CNRS, Marseille; on leave from IITP RAS, Moscow. Supported by ANR NAFIT-008-01/2 grant. E-mail: azrumuyan@gmail.com, alexander.shen@lirmm.fr
Work-Place: The Social Regulation of Labor Markets

Introduction: Places of Work. Part 1. Making Labor Markets. Making Workers: Control, Reproduction, and Regulation. Structuring the Labor Market: A Segmentation Approach. Locating the Local Labor Market: Segmentation, Regulation, Space. Part 2. Placing Labor Markets. Flexibilizing Labor: Insecure Work in Unstable Places. Domesticating Work: Restructuring at Work, Restructuring at Home. Building Workfare States: Institutions of Labor Regulation. Localizing Labor: Geopolitics of Labor Regulation. Epilogue: Local Dialectics of Labor.
Delayed Pacemaker Generator Pocket and Lead Primary Infection Due to Burkholderia Cepacia

Patient: Female, 70 Final Diagnosis: Pacemaker pocket and lead infection with bulkhorderia cepacia Symptoms: Swelling over parotid region Medication: — Clinical Procedure: Removal of pacemaker Specialty: Infectious Diseases Objective: Rare disease Background: Recently, the use of cardiac implantable electrophysiological devices (CIEDs) has increased. Advances in medical technology, an increasingly aging population, increases in clinical indications, and expanded medical insurance coverage for these devices have all contributed to this trend. Infection is considered to be one of the most serious complications of CIEDs and carries a significant risk of morbidity and mortality. Although infection with Staphylococcus sp. accounts for the majority of cases, other bacteria have been implicated as causative agents of infection of CIEDs. Case Report: We report the first case of primary pacemaker generator pocket and lead infection due to Burkholderia cepacia (B. cepacia) in the state of Qatar. To our knowledge, there have been few cases of CIED infection due to B. cepacia previously reported in the literature. Conclusions: This case raises awareness of B. cepacia as a potential opportunistic pathogen in CIED infection. The more rare bacteria require culture on special media to provide an early diagnosis to enable proper antimicrobial therapy to commence. Adherence to infection control standards during CIED insertion would reduce infection from B. cepacia.
Transcending Westphalia: The Two Faces of European Foreign Policy

7 List of Acronyms . 8 Introduction. 9 Significance of the Research. 11 Methodology. 13 Scope and Limitations. 14 Outline of the Argument . 16 Chapter I: Literature Review Different Views of the Elephant:The Nature of the EU and the Challenges Ahead. 20 Introduction. 20 Historical Canvass I: Temporal Evolution of the EU . 21 The Constitution: A Failed Experiment. 23 The Lisbon Treaty as the New Status Quo . 26 Historical Canvass II: Theoretical Evolution of the EU . 28 Consociationalism. 29 Functionalism. 30 The Paradigm Shift . 31 Constitutionalism . 33 The Political Nature of the Union Today. 35 The Federate-Confederate Continuum. 36 The Challenges Ahead . 43 The European Demos. 43 The Democratic Deficit. 48 Public Voice. 53 Conclusion . 55 Chapter II Laying Foundation:The History and Evolution of EU Foreign Policy . 57 Introduction. 57 Defining Foreign Policy. 58 The Political – Economic Asymmetry of the EU . 60 Origins and Development of European Foreign Policy (EFP): 1957 2007. 62 The First Three Decades . 64 Defining Features of the Post-Cold War Era . 64 Maastricht: The Commitment to CFSP. 67 Building on the Maastricht’s Achievements. 69 The EU’s Current and Future Institutional Foreign Policy Framework . 72
Body composition assessment for the definition of cardiometabolic risk

Obesity is associated with a major prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and high risk of cardiovascular events and contributes to the increase in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide. Beyond the fat mass per se, the pattern of fat distribution has a profound influence on cardiometabolic risk. The increase in abdominal adipose tissue confers an independent risk, while the amount of gluteofemoral body fat is thought to be protective. Changes in the capacity of different depots to store and release fatty acids and to produce adipocytokines are important determinants of fat distribution and its metabolic consequences. Because of the complexity of the assessment of body fat with imaging techniques, great attention has been paid to other measures of adiposity, such as waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), which provide information on body fat distribution, although body mass index (BMI) is the established clinical measure to estimate the cardiovascular risk disease associated with excessive body weight. Abdominal obesity is a main predictive factor of the metabolic syndrome, so it is certain that it represents a better marker of cardiovascular risk than BMI. Visceral adiposity index (VAI) has recently proven to be a marker of visceral adipose distribution and function, associated with insulin sensitivity in patients at metabolic risk; however, the evidence needs to be further confirmed. In summary, BMI, WC, WHR, WHtR, and VAI are all useful tools for assessing adiposity/obesity in clinical practice, and should be evaluated along with other cardiometabolic risk factors to define cardiovascular risk stratification.
"Survivor" torches "Who Wants to Be a Physician?" in the educational games ratings war.

We recently developed an educational game for reviewing respiratory physiology in a large classroom. The "Who Wants to be a Physician? " game encouraged medical students to be active participants in the learning process. An evaluation of the game documented that students enjoyed the active format, and the students reported that the game enhanced their ability to understand and retain information. However, the evaluation also revealed that the game had limitations. Specifically, the students recommended the use of multiple-choice questions to match the Medical Board Examination format and to speed up the game (i.e., cover more topics). The students also wanted to increase their level of participation and interaction. Finally, we wanted to emphasize the benefits of peer instruction as a collaborative learning tool. To address these limitations, we designed a new game, "Survivor. " Survivor incorporated multiple-choice questions and emphasized peer instruction and a capacity to gather information and solve novel problems. In addition, participation was increased by including the student audience in the game. Finally, an evaluation instrument was utilized to assess the effectiveness of this instructional tool in an academic setting. As a result of these improvements, the evaluation documents that the newly developed tool is a more effective educational game that couples fun and creative excitement with proven and effective educational concepts.