Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Million Hearts Cardiac Rehabilitation Think Tank: Accelerating New Care Models

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. This article describes the October 2020 proceedings of the Million Hearts Cardiac Rehabilitation Think Tank: Accelerating New Care Models, convened with representatives from professional organizations, cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs, academic institutions, federal agencies, payers, and patient representative groups. As CR delivery evolves, terminology is evolving to reflect not where activities occur (eg, center, home) but how CR is delivered: in-person synchronous, synchronous with real-time audiovisual communication (virtual), or asynchronous (remote). Patients and CR staff may interact through ≥1 delivery modes. Though new models may change how CR is delivered and who can access CR, new models should not change what is delivered—a multidisciplinary program addressing CR core components. During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) public health emergency, Medicare issued waivers to allow virtual CR; it is unclear whether these waivers will become permanent policy post-public health emergency. Given CR underuse and disparities in delivery, new models must equitably address patient and health system contributors to disparities. Strategies for implementing new CR care models address safety, exercise prescription, monitoring, and education. The available evidence supports the efficacy and safety of new CR care models. Still, additional research should study diverse populations, impact on patient-centered outcomes, effect on long-term outcomes and health care utilization, and implementation in diverse settings. CR is evolving to include in-person synchronous, virtual, and remote modes of delivery; there is significant enthusiasm for implementing new care models and learning how new care models can broaden access to CR, improve patient outcomes, and address health inequities.
Role of T cells during the cerebral infection with Trypanosoma brucei

The infection by Trypanosoma brucei brucei (T.b.b.), a protozoan parasite, is characterized by an early-systemic stage followed by a late stage in which parasites invade the brain parenchyma in a T cell-dependent manner. Here we found that early after infection effector-memory T cells were predominant among brain T cells, whereas, during the encephalitic stage T cells acquired a tissue resident memory phenotype (TRM) and expressed PD1. Both CD4 and CD8 T cells were independently redundant for the penetration of T.b. b. and other leukocytes into the brain parenchyma. The role of lymphoid cells during the T.b. b. infection was studied by comparing T- and B-cell deficient rag1-/- and WT mice. Early after infection, parasites located in circumventricular organs, brain structures with increased vascular permeability, particularly in the median eminence (ME), paced closed to the sleep-wake regulatory arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (Arc). Whereas parasite levels in the ME were higher in rag1-/- than in WT mice, leukocytes were instead reduced. Rag1-/- infected mice showed increased levels of meca32 mRNA coding for a blood /hypothalamus endothelial molecule absent in the blood-brain-barrier (BBB). Both immune and metabolic transcripts were elevated in the ME/Arc of WT and rag1-/- mice early after infection, except for ifng mRNA, which levels were only increased in WT mice. Finally, using a non-invasive sleep-wake cycle assessment method we proposed a putative role of lymphocytes in mediating sleep alterations during the infection with T.b. b. Thus, the majority of T cells in the brain during the early stage of T.b. b. infection expressed an effector-memory phenotype while TRM cells developed in the late stage of infection. T cells and parasites invade the ME/Arc altering the metabolic and inflammatory responses during the early stage of infection and modulating sleep disturbances.
Genetic Determinants of Stress Resistance in Desiccated Salmonella enterica

This study directly targeted an increasing threat to food safety and developed knowledge and targeted strategies that can be used by the food industry to help reduce the risk of foodborne illness in their dry products and thereby reduce the overall burden of foodborne illness. Genomic and physiological analyses have elucidated mechanisms of bacterial resistance to many food preservation technologies, including heat, pressure, disinfection chemicals, and UV light; however, information on bacterial mechanisms of resistance to dry heat is scarce. ABSTRACT Enteric pathogens, including Salmonella, are capable of long-term survival after desiccation and resist heat treatments that are lethal to hydrated cells. The mechanisms of dry-heat resistance differ from those of wet-heat resistance. To elucidate the mechanisms of dry-heat resistance in Salmonella, screening of the dry-heat resistance of 108 Salmonella strains, representing 39 serotypes, identified the 22 most resistant and the 8 most sensitive strains for comparative genome analysis. A total of 289 genes of the accessory genome were differently distributed between resistant and sensitive strains. Among these genes, 28 proteins with a putative relationship to stress resistance were selected for to quantify relative gene expression before and after desiccation and expression by solid-state cultures on agar plates relative to cultures growing in liquid culture media. Of these 28 genes, 15 genes were upregulated (P < 0.05) after desiccation or by solid-state cultures on agar plates. These 15 genes were cloned into the low-copy-number vector pRK767 under the control of the lacZ promoter. The expression of 6 of these 15 genes increased (P < 0.05) resistance to dry heat and to treatment with pressure of 500 MPa. Our finding extends the knowledge of mechanisms of stress resistance in desiccated Salmonella to improve control of this bacterium in dry food. IMPORTANCE This study directly targeted an increasing threat to food safety and developed knowledge and targeted strategies that can be used by the food industry to help reduce the risk of foodborne illness in their dry products and thereby reduce the overall burden of foodborne illness. Genomic and physiological analyses have elucidated mechanisms of bacterial resistance to many food preservation technologies, including heat, pressure, disinfection chemicals, and UV light; however, information on bacterial mechanisms of resistance to dry heat is scarce. Mechanisms of tolerance to desiccation likely also contribute to resistance to dry heat, but this assumption has not been verified experimentally. It remains unclear how mechanisms of resistance to wet heat relate to dry-heat resistance. Thus, this study will fill a knowledge gap to improve the safety of dry foods.
Efficient production of human neutrophils from iPSCs that prevent murine lethal infection with immune cell recruitment.

Neutrophils play an essential role in innate immune responses to bacterial and fungal infections and loss of neutrophil function can increase the risk of acquiring lethal infections in clinical settings. Here, we show that engineered neutrophil-primed progenitors derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can produce functional neutrophil-like cells at a clinically applicable scale that can act rapidly in vivo against lethal bacterial infections. Using five different mouse models, we systematically demonstrated that these neutrophil-like cells migrate to sites of inflammation and infection and increase survival against bacterial infection. In addition, we found that these human neutrophil-like cells can recruit murine immune cells. This system potentially provides a straight-forward solution for patients with neutrophil deficiency-an off-the-shelf neutrophil transfusion. This platform should facilitate the administration of human neutrophils for a broad spectrum of physiological and pathological conditions.
Comparative analysis of the potential of the secretomes of cardiac resident stromal cells and fibroblasts

The secretome of different cell types has been applied on in vitro and in vivo assays, indicating considerable therapeutic potential. However, the choice of the ideal cell type and culture conditions for obtaining the best set of soluble factors, as well as the assays to assess specific effects, remain subjects of vigorous debate. In this study, we used mass spectrometry to characterize the secretomes of ventricle derived‐cardiac resident stromal cells (vCRSC) and human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) and evaluate them in an effort to understand the niche specificity of biological responses toward different cellular behaviors, such as cell proliferation, adhesion, migration, and differentiation. It was interesting to note that the HDF and vCRSC secretomes were both able to induce proliferation and cardiac differentiation of H9c2 cells, as well as to increase the adhesion activity of H9c2 cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Analysis of the secretome composition showed that the vCRSCs derived from different donors secreted a similar set of proteins. Despite the differences, almost half of the proteins identified in conditioned medium were common to both HDF and vCRSC. Consequently, a high number of common biological processes were identified in the secretomes of the two cell types, which could help to explain the similar results observed in the in vitro assays. We show that soluble factors secreted by both HDF and vCRSC are able to promote proliferation and differentiation of cardiomyoblasts in vitro. Our study indicates the possible use of vCRSC or HDF secretomes in acellular therapies for regenerative medicine.
Applications of capillary electrophoresis for biopharmaceutical product characterization

Capillary electrophoresis (CE), after being introduced several decades ago, has carved out a niche for itself in the field of analytical characterization of biopharmaceutical products. It does not only offer fast separation, high resolution in miniaturized format, but equally importantly represents an orthogonal separation mechanism to high‐performance liquid chromatography. Therefore, it is not surprising that CE‐based methods can be found in all major pharmacopoeias and are recommended for the analysis of biopharmaceutical products during process development, characterization, quality control, and release testing. Different separation formats of CE, such as capillary gel electrophoresis, capillary isoelectric focusing, and capillary zone electrophoresis are widely used for size and charge heterogeneity characterization as well as purity and stability testing of therapeutic proteins. Hyphenation of CE with MS is emerging as a promising bioanalytical tool to assess the primary structure of therapeutic proteins along with any impurities. In this review, we confer the latest developments in capillary electrophoresis, used for the characterization of critical quality attributes of biopharmaceutical products covering the past 6 years (2015–2021). Monoclonal antibodies, due to their significant share in the market, have been given prioritized coverage.
Neo Banking using Containerized Application

- The objective of the system is to find whether the Transaction in Cloud is a genuine one or not. This is done by authenticating the web application by using an Elastic Cloud Computing (EC2) Server on Amazon Web Service (AWS), which can be obtained by implemented by Web Socket using Application programming Interface (API). After authenticating the web application, the authorized users will be allowed to access the application to get various services and provide information that includes transactions and with different kind of the users in a role-based web application. Docker is a tool designed to make it easier to create, deploy, and run applications by using containers. Containers allow a developer to package up an application with all of the parts it needs, such as libraries and other dependencies, and deploy it as one package. So, the application runs quickly and reliably from one computing environment to another. Amazon EC2 provides resizable, secure compute capacity in the cloud via a VM and elastic web-scale computing so you or your developers can build failure-resistant apps in the cloud. Amazon API Gateway is an AWS service for creating, publishing, maintaining, monitoring, and securing Representational State Transfer (REST), Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP), and Web Socket APIs at any scale. The system will check the user ’ s existence in the database and provide the set of services with respect to the role of the user. The application is based on two-tier architecture. The EC2 will help to find the fraud application and business logic helps in authenticating the application, authorizing the users and providing services. The technologies are chosen by keeping the compatibility and performance as the constraints for the application.
The use of nanobodies in a sensitive ELISA test for SARS-CoV-2 Spike 1 protein

Detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antigens in the fluid has important uses in biotechnology, and is integral to many point-of-care SARS-CoV-2 diagnostics. Sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) are a sensitive, well-established method of measuring antigens in solutions. They use one ligand to capture and the other ligand to detect the target analyte. Detection is commonly achieved using colorimetric readout obtained upon the reaction of a substrate with HRP-conjugated secondary ligand. Nanobodies, the VHH domain of camelid antibodies, have expanded the repertoire of molecules used in antigen detection. Nanobodies' high affinity for target antigens, their compact structure, their high stability and ease of production has driven research into their use as diagnostic reagents. Guided by a structural understanding of epitopes on the receptor-binding domain of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein, we investigated various combinations of engineered nanobodies in a sandwich ELISA to detect the Spike protein of SARS-CoV-2. We have identified an optimal combination of nanobodies. These were selectively functionalized to further improve antigen capture, enabling the measurement of sub-picomolar amounts of SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein in solution. With this combination, the routine detection limit in samples inactivated by heat and detergent corresponded to less than seven focus-forming units of infectious SARS-CoV-2.
Compositional dynamics and light regimes in a midwestern old-growth forest preserve

Abstract. Forest structure, composition, and understory light patterns were measured at Allee Memorial Woods (AMW) near the forest–prairie ecoregional boundary in west-central Indiana to determine (1) compositional trends over five decades, (2) how different disturbance histories may have affected the dynamics, (3) current understory light regimes and their relationship to sapling densities, and (4) implications for the future of the forest preserve. Permanent sampling grids were re-established during 2011–12 in an uncut stand and two others that were selectively or heavily cut during 1890–1920. All trees > 1 m tall were censused, and those > 7.5 cm in diameter were mapped and measured, to compare structure (density, mean diameter, basal area) and species composition (richness, diversity, similarity) within and across size classes. Photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) was measured in three ways and correlated with sapling densities. Substantial compositional changes occurred in both the uncut and selectively cut stands during 1959–60 to 2011. They have declined in species richness and diversity, especially in smaller size classes, and the relative densities of Acer saccharum L. , Fagus grandifolia Ehrh. , or both have increased in sapling (1 m tall to 7.5 cm diameter) and mid-sized (7.6–50.7 cm) strata while the overstory (> 50.7 cm) has become more heavily dominated by Quercus spp. and Liriodendron tulipifera L. Light levels under intact canopy are very low in general and sapling densities are correlated with light, especially with longer-term direct PPF measurements at 0.5 m. All three stands show patterns consistent with widespread understory shade tolerance shifts in eastern North America, and the uncut and selectively cut stands have converged in overall size class structure and composition through different pathways related to their disturbance histories. Increased dominance of the overstory by Acer and Fagus, further declines in tree species diversity, and inhibition of regeneration by less shade-tolerant species are predicted for AMW unless there are substantial changes in climate and/or disturbance.
The design, development, and evaluation of a cybersecurity, privacy, and digital literacy game for tweens ∗

Tweens are avid users of digital media, which exposes them to various online threats. Teachers are primarily expected to teach children safe online behaviours, despite not necessarily having the required training or classroom tools to support this education. Using the theory of procedural rhetoric and established game design principles, we designed a classroom-based cybersecurity, privacy, and digital literacy game for tweens, that has since been deployed to over 300 Canadian elementary schools. The game, A Day in the Life of the JOs , teaches children about 25 cybersecurity, privacy, and digital literacy topics, and allows them to practice what they have learned in a simulated environment. We employed a user-centered design process to create the game, iteratively testing its design and effectiveness with children and teachers through five user studies (with a total of 63 child participants and 21 teachers). Our summative evaluation with children showed that the game improved their cybersecurity, privacy, and digital literacy knowledge and behavioural intent, and was positively received by them. Our summative evaluation with teachers also showed positive results. Teachers liked that the game represented the authentic experiences of children on digital media and that it aligned with their curriculum requirements; they were interested in using it in their classrooms. In this paper, we discuss our process and experience of designing a production quality game for children, and provide evidence of its effectiveness with both children and teachers.
VNLSTM-PoseNet: A novel deep ConvNet for real-time 6-DOF camera relocalization in urban streets

ABSTRACT Image-based relocalization is a renewed interest in outdoor environments, because it is an important problem with many applications. PoseNet introduces Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for the first time to realize the real-time camera pose solution based on a single image. In order to solve the problem of precision and robustness of PoseNet and its improved algorithms in complex environment, this paper proposes and implements a new visual relocation method based on deep convolutional neural networks (VNLSTM-PoseNet). Firstly, this method directly resizes the input image without cropping to increase the receptive field of the training image. Then, the image and the corresponding pose labels are put into the improved Long Short-Term Memory based (LSTM-based) PoseNet network for training and the network is optimized by the Nadam optimizer. Finally, the trained network is used for image localization to obtain the camera pose. Experimental results on outdoor public datasets show our VNLSTM-PoseNet can lead to drastic improvements in relocalization performance compared to existing state-of-the-art CNN-based methods.
A new species of land snail from the genus Diplommatina Benson, 1849 (Gastropoda, Caenogastropoda, Diplommatinidae) from Sikkim Himalaya, North East India

ABSTRACT A new species of Diplommatina Benson, 1849 from Sikkim, Northeast India is described based on shell morphology. This new species is found to be distinct in its externally visible large parietal tooth, and in the absence of a columellar tooth on the shell aperture. A detailed comparison with the closest congeners of the new species is provided. Diplommatina bidentata Vermeulen, Liew & Schilthuizen, 2015 from Malaysia is the only morphologically similar species with a tooth on the parietal lip, but it differs from the new species in having a tooth on the columellar lip as well as other shell characters. A checklist is also given for all the described Diplommatina species from North East India, as well as those from Darjeeling, West Bengal. http://www.zoobank.org/lsid:zoobank.org:act:0C252457-39A9-4451-AA24-8CA37F0A6271
Development of a dual-factor measure of adolescent mental health: an analysis of cross-sectional data from the 2014 Canadian Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study

Introduction Studies of adolescent mental health require valid measures that are supported by evidence-based theories. An established theory is the dual-factor model, which argues that mental health status is only fully understood by incorporating information on both subjective well-being and psychopathology. Objectives To develop a novel measure of adolescent mental health based on the dual-factor model and test its construct validity. Design Cross-sectional analysis of national health survey data. Setting and participants Nationally weighted sample of 21 993 grade 6–10 students; average age: 14.0 (SD 1.4) years from the 2014 Canadian Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study. Measures Self-report indicators of subjective well-being (life satisfaction, positive and negative affect), and psychopathology (psychological symptoms and overt risk-taking behaviour) were incorporated into the dual-factor measure. Characteristics of adolescents families, specific mental health indicators and measures of academic and social functioning were used in the assessment of construct validity. Results Proportions of students categorised to the four mental health groups indicated by the dual-factor measure were 67.6% ‘mentally healthy’, 17.5% ‘symptomatic yet content’, 5.5% ‘asymptomatic yet discontent’ and 9.4% ‘mentally unhealthy’. Being mentally healthy was associated with the highest functioning (greater social support and academic functioning) and being mentally unhealthy was associated with the worst. A one-unit increase (ranges=0–10) in peer support (OR 1.19; 95% CI 1.15 to 1.22), family support (OR 1.32; 95% CI 1.28 to 1.36), student support (OR 1.20; 95% CI 1.17 to 1.24) and average school marks (OR 1.18; 95% CI 1.10 to 1.27) increased the odds of being symptomatic yet content versus mentally unhealthy. Mentally healthy youth were the most likely to live with both parents (77% vs ≤65%) and report their family as well-off (62% vs ≤53%). Conclusions We developed a novel, construct valid dual-factor measure of adolescent mental health. This potentially provides a nuanced and comprehensive approach to the assessment of adolescent mental health that is direly needed.