Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Marine and human activity influences on the groundwater quality of southern Korinthos area (Greece)

In this paper the groundwater quality of the southern part of Korinthos region (north‐east Peloponnese) is discussed. The geology is characterized by a thick sequence of Neogene marls alternating with sandstones, overlain by superficial Quaternary deposits. The latter consist of a mixture of loose materials such as conglomerates, marly sandstones, sands and clay to silty sands. The area is crossed by a fault system parallel to the coastline, and the Quaternary sediments have formed extended Tyrrhenian marine terraces. Two aquifers have been identified in the area. The first is unconfined and occurs within the Quaternary sediments whereas the other is a deep confined aquifer occurring within the underlying Neogene marl series. Analysis of hydrochemical evolution over the past 30 years has indicated significant deterioration of quality owing to seawater intrusion and nitrate pollution. The various sources of pollution have rendered, to a large extent, shallow groundwater unsuitable not only for potable water supply but also for irrigation purposes. However, this is not the case for the deeper confined aquifer. Statistical analysis was used to explore the evolution of salinization during the years 1968 and 1998. In view of the alarming conditions caused by the documented groundwater quality deterioration, the need for integrated water resources management is stressed to maintain the socio‐economic growth of the region studied. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Rare ABCA7 variants in 2 German families with Alzheimer disease

Objective The aim of this study was to identify variants associated with familial late-onset Alzheimer disease (AD) using whole-genome sequencing. Methods Several families with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern of AD were analyzed by whole-genome sequencing. Variants were prioritized for rare, likely pathogenic variants in genes already known to be associated with AD and confirmed by Sanger sequencing using standard protocols. Results We identified 2 rare ABCA7 variants (rs143718918 and rs538591288) with varying penetrance in 2 independent German AD families, respectively. The single nucleotide variant (SNV) rs143718918 causes a missense mutation, and the deletion rs538591288 causes a frameshift mutation of ABCA7. Both variants have previously been reported in larger cohorts but with incomplete segregation information. ABCA7 is one of more than 20 AD risk loci that have so far been identified by genome-wide association studies, and both common and rare variants of ABCA7 have previously been described in different populations with higher frequencies in AD cases than in controls and varying penetrance. Furthermore, ABCA7 is known to be involved in several AD-relevant pathways. Conclusions We conclude that both SNVs might contribute to the development of AD in the examined family members. Together with previous findings, our data confirm ABCA7 as one of the most relevant AD risk genes.
Art And Visual Perception

1 Balance 2 1.1 What are Perceptual Forces ? 3 1.1.1 Visual Weight . 3 1.1. 2 Visual Direction . 4 1.1. 3 Top versus Bottom . 4 1.1. 4 Right versus Left . 5 1.1. 5 The Pseudo-Thermodynamics of Mind . 5
Homeotic genes and the homeobox.

INTRODUCTION . 147 PHENOTYPIC EFFECTS OF HOMEOTIC MUTATIONS . 149 GENETIC AND MOLECULAR ORGANIZATION . 154 The Antennapedia Complex . 154 The Bithorax Complex . 157 THE HOMEOBOX . 158 EVOLUTIONARY CONSIDERATIONS . 160 EXPRESSION OF THE HOMEOTIC GENES 161 REGULATION OF HOMEOTIC GENES . 162 Transregulatory Genes . 163 cis-Acting Control Sequences . 163 Interactions Among Homeotic Genes . 164 MECHANISM OF ACTION . 165
Genetic structure of populations of whale sharks among ocean basins and evidence for their historic rise and recent decline

This study presents genetic evidence that whale sharks, Rhincodon typus, are comprised of at least two populations that rarely mix and is the first to document a population expansion. Relatively high genetic structure is found when comparing sharks from the Gulf of Mexico with sharks from the Indo‐Pacific. If mixing occurs between the Indian and Atlantic Oceans, it is not sufficient to counter genetic drift. This suggests whale sharks are not all part of a single global metapopulation. The significant population expansion we found was indicated by both microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA. The expansion may have happened during the Holocene, when tropical species could expand their range due to sea‐level rise, eliminating dispersal barriers and increasing plankton productivity. However, the historic trend of population increase may have reversed recently. Declines in genetic diversity are found for 6 consecutive years at Ningaloo Reef in Australia. The declines in genetic diversity being seen now in Australia may be due to commercial‐scale harvesting of whale sharks and collision with boats in past decades in other countries in the Indo‐Pacific. The study findings have implications for models of population connectivity for whale sharks and advocate for continued focus on effective protection of the world's largest fish at multiple spatial scales.
Keeping Denial-of-Service Attackers in the Dark

We consider the problem of overcoming (distributed) denial-of-service (DoS) attacks by realistic adversaries that have knowledge of their attack's successfulness, for example, by observing service performance degradation or by eavesdropping on messages or parts thereof. A solution for this problem in a high-speed network environment necessitates lightweight mechanisms for differentiating between valid traffic and the attacker's packets. The main challenge in presenting such a solution is to exploit existing packet-filtering mechanisms in a way that allows fast processing of packets but is complex enough so that the attacker cannot efficiently craft packets that pass the filters. We show a protocol that mitigates DoS attacks by adversaries that can eavesdrop and (with some delay) adapt their attacks accordingly. The protocol uses only available efficient packet-filtering mechanisms based mainly on addresses and port numbers. Our protocol avoids the use of fixed ports and instead performs "pseudorandom port hopping. " We model the underlying packet-filtering services and define measures for the capabilities of the adversary and for the success rate of the protocol. Using these, we provide a novel rigorous analysis of the impact of DoS on an end-to-end protocol and show that our protocol provides effective DoS prevention for realistic attack and deployment scenarios.
Disability, Power and Equality in the School

Sensory impairment can have a dramatic impact on the education that an individual receives. How should educators behave and prepare to ensure that those with a sensory impairment can access the academic, social and emotional learning spaces on an equal footing? Equal access to learning environments lies at the heart of an equitable and just society. Whether in the University of Mississippi, where students were historically excluded on the basis of ethnicity until the intervention of President Kennedy in 1962 (Titcomb, 2013), or more recently in Pakistan, where some would stop access on the basis of gender (Latif, 2013). However, for too long we have tolerated barriers to access in education for disabled students by the educational “establishment’s” inability to see and meet the needs of students with disabilities. This lack of access to fundamental human rights as defined by the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, that of “Recognizing the importance of accessibility . to health and education . ” (United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, 2006, convention v), should not be tolerated. This Special Issue brings together researchers from different countries that are pushing back against the barriers to education for students with disabilities, specifically those with sensory impairment. Thurston looks at the issues experienced by two students with vision impairment caused by albinism in interpretative phenomenological analysis of the experience of inclusion and support in high school for vision-impaired students with albinism in Great Britain. What emerges from the experience of these young people, and is shown through the data, is that teachers and special educational needs coordinators jump to conclusions about how to promote access to the academic curriculum. Access to the curriculum is not a simple technical solution, but is interwoven with developing social relationships and adolescent emotional and physical development, which means that access solutions need to be effective and also sensitive to context. Unobtrusive technology with a magnifier is surely more discreet and effective at promoting inclusion than a photo-enlarged worksheet, but just as effective. Byrne raises questions as to exactly how well tertiary-level educators understand issues of inclusion, and indeed parity. Parity is not about treating all the same. Parity is about using inclusive pedagogies that allow all to develop to their full potential. The experiences of participants reported in the work of Byrne illustrate the institutional oppression that reduces access to higher education for visually impaired and hearing-impaired students. The institutional oppression is echoed at government level in Northern Ireland in the policy analysis undertaken by
Spectral and coherence estimates on electroencephalogram recordings during arithmetical tasks

xix 1 Preface 1 1.1 Context . 1 1.2 Scope and Work Developed . 2 1.3 Outline of the Thesis . 3 2 The Brain:Anatomy, Physiology and Functional Connectivity 5 2.1 Anatomy and Physiology of the Brain . 5 2.1.1 Brain and Cognition . 6 2.1.2 Cytology of the Brain . 8 2.2 Neurophysiological Background of the Brain Signals . 11 2.3 Brain’s Functional Connectivity . 14 2.3.
Side Information in Robust Principle Component Analysis: Algorithms and Applications

Robust rank minimisation aims at recovering a low-rank subspace from grossly corrupted high-dimensional (often visual) data and is a cornerstone in many machine learning and computer vision applications. The most prominent method for this task is the Robust Principal Component Analysis (PCA). It recovers a low-rank matrix from sparse corruptions of unknown magnitude and support by Principal Component Pursuit (PCP), which is a convex approximation to the otherwise NP-hard rank minimisation problem. Even though PCP has been shown to be very successful in solving many rank minimisation problems, there are cases where degenerate or suboptimal solutions are obtained. This can be attributed to the fact that domain-dependent prior knowledge is not taken into account by PCP. In this paper, we address the problem of PCP when prior information is available. To this end, we propose algorithms for solving the PCP problem with the aid of prior information on the low-rank structure of the data. The versatility of the proposed methods is demonstrated by applying them to four applications, namely background substraction, facial image denoising, face and facial expression recognition. Experimental results on synthetic and five real world datasets indicate the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed methods on these application domains, largely outperforming previous approaches that incorporate side information within Robust PCA.
Vibrio Related Diseases in Aquaculture and Development of Rapid and Accurate Identification Methods

Vibrio spp. are the most common and serious pathogen in fish and shellfish marine aquaculture worldwide . Vibriosis is a common disease caused by a number of Vibrio spp. viz. V. harveyi, V. parahaemolyticus, V. alginolyticus, V. anguillarum, V. vulnificus etc. The plastic nature of Vibrio genomes makes the species boundaries very narrow in a marine environment; therefore accurate species identification is complicated for any taxonomist. Traditional bacterial identification has been based on different phenotypic characteristics. However, with the advancement of molecular biology, arrays of genomic techniques have been developed for correct and rapid species identification in aquaculture. Among DNA-sequence-based identification, 16S rRNA and housekeeping genes are most popularly used. Other common methods for Vibrio identification include ribotyping and PCR-based techniques such as . Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP), Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH), Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD), repetitive extragenic palindrome–PCR (rep-PCR), and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP). Molecular methods have slowly established a place in the diagnosis of disease- causing pathogens in aquaculture. In the present study a detailed review was undertaken to highlight common aquaculturerelated diseases caused by different Vibrio species and some of the common molecular techniques used to identify those pathogens.
Međustanična komunikacija parodontopatogenih bakterija Quorum Sensing of Periodontal Pathogens

Adresa za dopisivanje Dr. sc. Ivan Puhar Zavod za parodontologiju Stomatološki fakultet Gundulićeva 5 10000 Zagreb, Hrvatska tel: +38514899219 puhar@sfzg.hr Sažetak Pojam quorum sensing označava međustaničnu komunikaciju bakterija kojom koordiniraju gensku ekspresiju populacije sukladno njezinoj gustoći. Bakterije proizvode i ispuštaju u međustanični prostor male molekule, tzv. autoinduktore, čija koncentracija raste s povećanjem populacije. Postizanje koncentracije stimulatornog praga rezultira promjenom u genskoj ekspresiji. Gram-pozitivne i gram-negativne bakterije imaju različite quorum sensing sustave. Najbolje istražen,kanonski sustav jest LuxI/R-tip/acil homoserin laktonom posredovan quorum sensing sustavom gram-negativnih bakterija koje ga koriste uglavnom za komunikaciju unutar svoje vrste. Gram-pozitivne bakterije posjeduju quorum sensing sustav posredovan peptidima. Bakterije mogu komunicirati unutar svoje vrste, ali i s bakterijama drugih vrsta, što im omogućuje autoinduktor-2 quorum sensing sustav koji se zato i naziva univerzalnim bakterijskim jezikom. Parodontopatogene bakterije imaju AI-2 quorum sensing sustav. Poznato je da njime kontroliraju formaciju biofilmova, unos željeza, odgovor na stres i ekspresiju pojedinih faktora virulencije. Bolje razumijevanje mehanizama bakterijske komunikacije omogućit će utjecanje na quorum sensing inhibitorima u svrhu sprječavanja i kontrole bolesti. Ključne riječi quorum sensing; bakterije, gram-pozitivne; bakterije, gram-negativne; parodontitis 1 Zavod za parodontologiju Stomatološkog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, Hrvatska Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia 2 Polivalentna stomatološka ordinacija Dom zdravlja Čakovec, Čakovec, Hrvatska Dental practice, Community Healthcare Center Čakovec, Čakovec, Croatia
Features of business association advocates in Africa

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to review the attempts to describe the features and characteristics of business associations in Tanzania which are aiming to influence public policy. It concludes that those attempts, whilst thought provoking, do not go far enough to be of real use to practitioners and offers an improved model. Design/methodology/approach – This paper uses empirical evidence, gathered from interviews with business associations, supplemented by reviewing their research reports and policy position papers and cross referenced through interviews with public officials. Findings – Activities and approaches of successful business associations are described and used to draw out characteristics which might enable associations to be categorised in one of four development stages based on their approach to influencing public policy. Research limitations/implications – The new model is conceptual and work is now required to assess its validity. Practical implications – Donors, in their design of .
Superantigens: bacterial and viral proteins that manipulate the immune system.

INTRO DUCTION . 102 SUPERANTI GENS AN D THE I M MUNE SYSTE M . 104 STAPHYLOCOCCAL AN D STREPTOCOCCAL SUPERANTIGENS . 106 Sites on the Bacterial Toxins that Bind Class [J Molecules and TCR VI3 and Vice Versa . 108 MOUSE MA M MARY TU MOR VIRUS SUPERANTI GENS . 110 Genetics of Endogenous Superantigens . lID The Structure of Viral Superantigens . liS T Cell Receptor Specificity . 116 OTHER SOURCES OF SUPERANTIGENS . 120 DISCUSSION . 121 Bacterial vs Viral Superantigens . 121 The Significance of Superantigens . 121 CONCLU DIN G RE MARKS . 122 101
Delayed-onset post-traumatic stress disorder among war veterans in primary care clinics

Background Only limited empirical data support the existence of delayed-onset post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Aims To expand our understanding of delayed-onset PTSD prevalence and phenomenology. Method A cross-sectional, epidemiological design (n = 747) incorporating structured interviews to obtain relevant information for analyses in a multisite study of military veterans. Results A small percentage of veterans with identified current PTSD (8.3%, 7/84), current subthreshold PTSD (6.9%, 2/29), and lifetime PTSD only (5.4%, 2/37) met criteria for delayed onset with PTSD symptoms initiating more than 6 months after the index trauma. Altogether only 0.4% (3/747) of the entire sample had current PTSD with delayed-onset symptoms developing more than 1 year after trauma exposure, and no PTSD symptom onset was reported more than 6 years posttrauma. Conclusions Retrospective reports of veterans reveal that delayed-onset PTSD (current, subthreshold or lifetime) is extremely rare 1 year post-trauma, and there was no evidence of PTSD symptom onset 6 or more years after trauma exposure.
Diagnosis and clinical assessment: the DSM-III.

INTRODUCTION . 167 RESEARCH AND CONCERNS LEADING TO DSM-III. 168 THE DIAGNOSTIC AND STATISTICAL MANUAL OF MENTAL DISORDERS (DSM-III) . 169 RESEARCH EVALUATING DSM-III. 177 Reliability 177 Validity . 178 THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF DSM-III. 180 TOWARD DSM-IV . 1 84 OTHER DEVELOPMENTS IN CLINICAL ASSESSMENT 187 CONCLUSION. 189
DetNet: A Backbone network for Object Detection

Recent CNN based object detectors, no matter one-stage methods like YOLO, SSD, and RetinaNe or two-stage detectors like Faster R-CNN, R-FCN and FPN are usually trying to directly finetune from ImageNet pre-trained models designed for image classification. There has been little work discussing on the backbone feature extractor specifically designed for the object detection. More importantly, there are several differences between the tasks of image classification and object detection. 1. Recent object detectors like FPN and RetinaNet usually involve extra stages against the task of image classification to handle the objects with various scales. 2. Object detection not only needs to recognize the category of the object instances but also spatially locate the position. Large downsampling factor brings large valid receptive field, which is good for image classification but compromises the object location ability. Due to the gap between the image classification and object detection, we propose DetNet in this paper, which is a novel backbone network specifically designed for object detection. Moreover, DetNet includes the extra stages against traditional backbone network for image classification, while maintains high spatial resolution in deeper layers. Without any bells and whistles, state-of-the-art results have been obtained for both object detection and instance segmentation on the MSCOCO benchmark based on our DetNet~(4.8G FLOPs) backbone. The code will be released for the reproduction.
Does Frequency of Visits to the Writing Center Increase Student Satisfaction? A Statistical Correlation Study - or Story

This essay presents a correlation study of student satisfaction with Writing Center services based on the number of visits students made to the Center during two different semesters. It also tells a story of how we learned to stop fearing numbers and love the interpretation of them - of how we came to use quantitative research to gain some answers to a question we could not have addressed as efficiently using only qualitative methods. In conducting the quantitative study, we wanted to extend our semesterly evaluation beyond measuring student satisfaction of services to answer the research question posed in the essay's title. Or, in other words, we wanted to know if we could say confidently that the more students came to the Writing Center, the more they liked it. While we believe the essay sheds some light on this question, we also offer it as an example of quantitative research, not because we believe such research is definitive or necessarily "better" than other methods
Towards Predicting Query Execution Time for Concurrent and Dynamic Database Workloads

Predicting query execution time is crucial for many database management tasks including admission control, query scheduling, and progress monitoring. While a number of recent papers have explored this problem, the bulk of the existing work either considers prediction for a single query, or prediction for a static workload of concurrent queries, where by "static" we mean that the queries to be run are fixed and known. In this paper, we consider the more general problem of dynamic concurrent workloads. Unlike most previous work on query execution time prediction, our proposed framework is based on analytic modeling rather than machine learning. We first use the optimizer's cost model to estimate the I/O and CPU requirements for each pipeline of each query in isolation, and then use a combination queueing model and buffer pool model that merges the I/O and CPU requests from concurrent queries to predict running times. We compare the proposed approach with a machine-learning based approach that is a variant of previous work. Our experiments show that our analytic-model based approach can lead to competitive and often better prediction accuracy than its machine-learning based counterpart.
Prevalence and significance of weight and shape concerns in girls aged 11–16 years

Background The prevalence of the core ideational component of eating disorders among the at-risk population (11 – to 16-year-old girls) is not known. Method A community survey of 11 – to 16-year-old girls was conducted to establish the prevalence of significant concerns about body weight and shape characteristics of eating disorders. A total of 1068 girls were screened and 368 interviewed using standardised measures. Results Significant weight and/or shape concerns were estimated to be present in 14.5% of the 11-to 12-year-olds, 14.9% of the 13-to 14-year-olds and 18.9% of the 15-to 16-year-olds. Only among those aged 15 to 16 was the presence of such concerns associated with a significant level of concurrent behavioural and ideational disturbance. Conclusions Significant concerns about weight or shape are present in almost one in five 15-to 16-year-old girls, many of whom evidence high levels of ancillary disturbance.