Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A reduced‐size branch‐line coupler for improved LDMOS balanced power amplifiers

This article discusses the application of a reduced‐size branch‐line coupler in the design of a LDMOS class‐AB balanced power amplifier at a center frequency of 2.14 GHz. In the proposed balanced configuration, at center frequency a size reduction, improved intermodulation distortion level by 7 dB, and power added efficiency by 5% are achieved, comparing with the balanced configuration with Wilkinson couplers. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 445–448, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24058
Stochastic Motion Planning for Applications in Subsea Survey and Area Protection

This dissertation addresses high-level path planning and cooperative control for autonomous vehicles. The objective of our work is to closely and rigorously incorporate classification and detection performance into path planning algorithms, which is not addressed with typical approaches found in literature. We present novel path planning algorithms for two different applications in which autonomous vehicles are tasked with engaging targets within a stochastic environment. In the first application an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) must reacquire and identify clusters of discrete underwater objects. Our planning algorithm ensures that mission objectives are met with a desired probability of success. The utility of our approach is verified through field trials. In the second application, a team of vehicles must intercept mobile targets before the targets enter a specified area. We provide a formal framework for solving the second problem by jointly minimizing a cost function utilizing Bayes risk.
Herding in Quality Assessment: Identification and Welfare Analysis∗

There are many economic environments in which an object is offered sequentially to prospective buyers. It is often observed that once the object for sale is turned down by one or more agents, those that follow do the same. One explanation that has been proposed for this phenomenon, which goes back to Banerjee (1992) and Bikhchandani et al. (1992) is that agents making choices further down the line (rationally) ignore their own assessment of the object’s quality and herd behind their predecessors. We develop novel tests to detect information-based herding, together with a methodology to quantify its welfare consequences, which are applied to organ transplantation in the U.K. We find that herding is common and is an important contributor to the high rate at which organs are rejected (and subsequently discarded). However, herding does not raise discard rates much above the level that would be obtained if private assessments were made publicly available, with the (limited) information contained in predecessors’ decisions substantially reducing false acceptances. The information loss highlighted by the canonical models of herding appears to be less serious in this setting, but this does not imply that information problems are absent; a counterfactual simulation of the estimated model indicates that an intervention that makes a recently developed risk index of organ quality available to all centers would substantially reduce discard rates, while simultaneously improving the selection of organs.
Animal-Related Occupational Injuries in Farm Residents

Animal-related injuries are an unusual hazard of farming that have received little study.We studied risk factors for animal-related injury as part of a population-based, case-control study of agricultural injuries. Cases were farm residents living in a geographically defined area of central Wisconsin who had injuries associated with farm animals from May 1990 to April 1992 which required medical or chiropractic care. Controls were selected at random from a special census of farm residents in the area. Telephone interviews regarding demographic characteristics, farming practices, and safety behaviors were completed for 70 of 71 cases (98.6%) and 183 of 221 potential controls (82.8%). Based on a multivariable logistic regression model, the only statistically significant risk factor for animal-related farm injury was the number of hours worked per week (3% increased risk per hour). Several farm characteristics were linked with animal-related injury, but the associated 95% confidence limits included 1.0: non-resident workers on the farm (OR=2.20; 95% C.I.: 0.93-5.21), use of all-terrain vehicles for chores (OR=0.47; 95% C.I.: 0.22- 1.04), and feeding cows in the barn in summer (OR=0.39; 95% C.I.: 0.15-1.00). Future studies of animal-related farm injury should obtain more specific information on animal husbandry practices.
Labour Migration, Remittance, and its Impacts on the Economic Growth of Nepal

Nepal is one of the least developed, landlocked country in the world, which economy is heavily dependent on imports of basic materials and foreign markets for its forest and agricultural products. Economic growth rates are increasing after the promulgation of the constitution from the Constitutional Assembly in 2015, the ending of the political transition in Nepal, it opens the door to spend the nation’s energy on economic development. International labour migration, remittance has been regarded as one of the important factors to influence the economy where the country received remittances of foreign migrants, which contributes 28.6% (in 2018; the world Bank) of total GDP in the nation. This study applied empirical and descriptive analysis to know the effect of labour migration, remittance on the economic growth of Nepal, employing balanced panel data from 1994 to 2018. The descriptive data concluded that the real GDP, remittance has been increasing as compared to foreign labour migration over the period but the share of skilled labour is very low and remains about constant over the study period and the contribution of labour migration on real GDP has been low. The empirical regression analysis confirms a positive effect of remittances on economic growth in Nepal that are the similar result showing in India, however, the opposite results, remittances have a negative impact on economic growth, showing in other south Asian countries (e.g., Bangladesh, Pakistan and Sri Lanka).
Application of glycine on soybean plants submitted to water deficit

Soybean is one of the most important crops in the world. Studies are necessary to improve its productivity, especially in stress environments. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of glycine as seed treatment to soybean plants submitted to water deficiency, using twelve replicates per treatment. Glycine was applied at a dose of 9 mg kg-1 of seeds under high water deficit (performed at stage V4) and without water deficiency. Root development, antioxidant metabolism and dry mass accumulation of plants were evaluated. Results showed that the application of glycine to plants that were not subjected to water deficiency, promoted the increase of root development, accumulation of mass and reduction of stress in plants. This reflected in 10% increase in productivity compared to the control treatment. On the other hand, plants with glycine application subjected to water deficiency showed a reduction in dry mass accumulation and root development, indicating that these plants suffered the effect of stress. Untreated plants submitted to water deficiency showed symptoms of stress such as reduced accumulation of mass and productivity by 12%. Therefore, the present study reports that the application of glycine on seeds is not very efficient for attenuating stress in soybean plants submitted to water deficiency. However, in environments without water deficiency, the application of glycine on seeds affects the greater development of the plant and increased productivity
Impact of hemisphere localization and the frequency of physical and occupational therapy sessions on functional independence of stroke patients in inpatient rehabilitation

Stroke is the 5th leading cause of death and the leading cause of long-term disability in the United States [1]. Every 40 seconds, someone in the United States sustains a stroke, resulting in approximately 133,000 deaths per year. Stroke related deaths accounted for 11.8% of total deaths in 2015, making stroke the second leading cause of death worldwide, second only to heart disease [1]. Functional limitations after a stroke can be life altering, resulting in impairments in strength, ambulation, cognition, language and overall independence level [2]. Of those who survive a stroke, about one third will be functionally dependent after 1 year. Most survivors will be admitted to inpatient rehabilitation facilities, with 26% ending up institutionalized in a nursing home [2]. Abstract
Flexible-structured phase-shifted multiple-full-bridge DC–DC power supply with wide range output

A novel hybrid topology with the optimised structure for wide range output power supply is proposed in this study. The phase-shifted multiple-full-bridge (PSMFB) converter is composed of multiple full-bridge DC–DC power converters and high-frequency transformers. For different requirements, it guarantees the power capacity with several smaller high-frequency transformers and a smaller filter by a PSMFB with proper design. With the control strategy of only one phase-shifted controller, all the modules can fulfil the output change with the phase-shifted angle. The effectiveness of the proposed converter was verified using simulation and experimental results of a 1 kW converter system.
Radiation induced charge in SIMOX buried oxides: lack of thickness dependence at low applied fields

Commercially prepared Separation-by-IMplantation-of-OXygen (SIMOX) wafers having buried-oxide (BOX) thicknesses ranging from 80 to 400 nm, and thermal oxides of similar thicknesses, were exposed to various doses of 10 keV X-rays. The net positive charge trapped in the buried-oxides during the radiation was determined by dual capacitance-voltage (C-V) and point-contact current voltage (I-V) measurements. For the thermal oxides, using metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) CV techniques, the amount of trapped charge was found to have the expected linear dependence on oxide thickness. For the SIMOX buried oxides, however, the amount of net trapped charge was found to be independent of BOX thickness when the oxides were biased at 0.05 MV/cm (a typical operating field). The SIMOX results are explained in terms of bulk-oxide hole and electron trapping.
You Are What You Say: Character Classiﬁcation Based On TV Scripts

Understanding the interactive structure of dialogues, such as turn taking behavior and change of speakers, as well as capturing individual characteristics, such as background information and speaking style, are a critical prerequisite for building a more natural dialogue systems. This paper presents a novel approach for modeling persona information in multi-participant open-domain dialogue systems using a sequence-to-sequence generative model with hierarchical structure which encodes personas in distributed embed-dings. In experiments of speaker iden-tiﬁcation from TV scripts, our models yield qualitative performance improvements over baseline models.
Variable-structured robust PI controller by fuzzy logic for servomotor

This paper proposes a variable structure robust PI controller whose structure is continuously changed by fuzzy logic such that the controller makes the system respond quickly. If the error (e) is large or if its rate (e) is large the integrator gain is very large and vice versa in order to obtain a robust PI controller which is insensitive to both the plant noise and the observation noise. It is then practically applied to the speed control of an induction servomotor. Experiments show that the proposed controller is superior to both a sliding mode controller and a PID controller. The paper includes a stability analysis of the overall system and a design procedure using Popov's stability criterion. <<ETX>>
Sustaining the Growth of Micro-enterprises that Adopt Information and Communication Technologies

While recent studies have shown that ICTs can bring about development at the macro-economic level, it is not clear how this process takes place. This paper throws light on this issue by investigating how micro-enterprises adopt ICTs. The majority of businesses in under developed regions of the world are micro-enterprises which are often owned by a single entrepreneur with very limited resources. It appears that when these micro-enterprises adopt ICTs, their ability to survive and grow increases. This paper investigates the effects of processes in which training, technology and trust building interventions enable micro-entrepreneurs faced with limited resources to adopt ICTs to grow their businesses. By building upon current studies, it furthers the analytic role of the livelihoods framework to provide a more functional role to enable sustainable capacity building efforts to be undertaken using ICTs. Based on this analysis, the contribution of this paper to global development is in the processes it provides micro-entrepreneurs to continue to adopt ICTs in innovative ways to stimulate growth.
Stage and grade determination of periodontitis accompanied by systemic conditions and diseases according to American Academy of Periodontology 2017 Classification: Study at Dental Hospital, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia

Objective: Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of the supporting tissues of the teeth caused by specific microorganisms, resulting in decay of the teeth and damaging of supporting tissues. Systemic conditions and increasing age will affect the periodontal tissue due to amongst others changes in the immune defense system. The classification for periodontal diseases used today is the 1999 American Academy of Periodontology (AAP) classification. The latest development was in 2017, when the AAP published a new classification that classifies periodontitis based on stage and grade and is the classification that is widely used today. Research on determining the stage and grade of periodontitis using the 2017 AAP classification is still very rare in Indonesia. Material and Methods: In this study, a cross sectional analytical descriptive approach was used to determine the stage and grade of periodontitis according to the classification of periodontal disease based on the 2017 AAP in relation to the age of patients with systemic conditions and diseases. A total of 331 medical records from patients treated at the RSKGM FKG UI in the 2017 – 2019 visit were
Empirical Analysis of Velocity Behavior for Collaborative Robots in Transient Contact Cases

In this paper, a suitable measurement setup is presented to conduct force and pressure measurements for transient contact cases at the example of lathe machine tending. Empirical measurements were executed on a selected collaborative robot’s behavior regarding allowable operating speeds under consideration of sensorand workpiece-specific factors. Comparisons between the theoretic calculations proposed in ISO/TS 15066 and the practical measurement results reveal a basis for future research. With the created database, preliminary risk assessment and economic assessment procedures of collaborative machine tending cells can be facilitated. Keywords—Biomechanical thresholds, collaborative robots, force and pressure measurements, machine tending, transient contact.
Unsupervised Image Clustering and Topic Modeling for Accelerated Annotation

Annotation of large imagery datasets remains a significant obstacle for training supervised machine learning models. Image retrieval in large, unlabeled datasets also remains a pertinent, difﬁcult application that can be applied to image annotation and other problems in artiﬁcial intelligence. With unsupervised machine learning techniques, namely Scale-Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT), k-means Clustering, (pre-trained) Convolutional Neural Network features, and Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), this work aims to organize images in an unsupervised manner using latent features. We contend it is possible for this unsupervised image organization technique to accelerate image annotation and retrieval processes without sacriﬁcing labeling accuracy.
Sustainable weed management in a lettuce growing conservationist system

Soil disturbance, irrigation, and nitrogen fertilization excesses in lettuce crops have reduced the sustainability of the sector and favoured competition against weeds. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of cover crops and nitrogen fertilization management on weed control, weed-species dynamics, and soil seed bank in successive lettuce cultivation under no-tillage. The experiment was carried out in a tropical region during summer and arranged in a (3×4) +1 factorial scheme. Treatments consisted of three soil cover managements (Crotalaria juncea, Urochloa ruziziensis, and fallow) and four nitrogen (N) topdressing rates (0, 60, 120, and 180 kg ha−1) in a lettuce crop under fertigation. A conventional tillage system under more intense soil disturbance was also evaluated at the highest N rate. The results showed that lettuce cultivation on U. ruziziensis stood out regarding weed control. Higher soil disturbance in the conventional tillage increased weed emergence (288.9 and 245.8 plants m−2) compared to the fallow area (13.9 and 38.9 plants m−2), U. ruziziensis (4.2 and 9.7 plants m−2), and C. juncea (56.9 and 20.8 plants m−2) in successive cultivations, respectively. Soil cover management changed the dynamics of weed species emergence, especially in the first cultivation. Nitrogen topdressings did not affect weed dry matter and density at the time of weeding. The average number of non-dormant weed seeds within the 0.0-0.10 m soil seed bank layer reached 7,077 seeds m−2, with no difference among treatments. Therefore, sustainable management of lettuce cultivation using cover crops in rotation, associated with no-tillage, effectively controls weed communities, with emphasis on U. ruziziensis, regardless of the nitrogen fertilization management
Basic principles of the TEVY index for the quantification of temperature variability within a year

In the context of climate change, there is a need for the determination of appropriate indexes for the quantification of temperature variability. A new index (TEVY index) is proposed in this work. This index uses the deviation of the observed temperature values from those estimated from a Fourier harmonic analysis. For this purpose, a nearly 50-year time series data from 4 stations in Greece, with very different climatic conditions, are used. One station is located in the colder northern region of Greece, another one is in the warmest southern part, while the 2 other stations are representative of continental and Mediterranean climatic features. A Fourier harmonic analysis is carried out to obtain the Fourier series which simulates the observed data time series. Fourier harmonic analysis, which is relied on the Fourier transform, is a well-established method for time series analysis, particularly for modelling periodic data. Using this procedure, an index of temperature variability is proposed, as the sum of the divergence of the above-mentioned Fourier series from the observed data. The index results are analysed as a function of the different climatic features of each station.
Method of the optical recognition of technical documentation and the transformation of graphic information into machine-readable form for cognitive analysis

The paper proposes the implementation of the method of optical recognition of technical documentation and the transformation of graphic information into a machine-readable form available for cognitive analysis, which is based on the methods of binarization and alignment of images, text segmentation and recognition. The use of the proposed method will provide a dramatic reduction in the costs of cataloging, checking the completeness and inventory of documentation, as well as an increase in design quality due to the semantic analysis of documentation using a knowledge base that is updated automatically. The article presents the development of the algorithm for optical recognition of a document, preparation of an image for optical recognition of a document, an example of the application of the Sauvola method for binarization of an image, and an analysis of the research results. The proposed implementation allows the text recognition on scanned/photographed documents.
Structured-illumination microscopy on technical surfaces: 3D metrology with nanometer sensitivity

Structured-illumination microscopy is an incoherent method to measure the microtopography of rough and smooth objects. The principle: A sinusoidal fringe pattern is projected into the focal plane of a microscope. While the object is scanned axially, the contrast evaluation of the observed pattern delivers the 3D topography with a height uncertainty of only a few nanometers. By means of a high aperture the system can measure steep slopes: +/- 50 degrees on smooth objects (NA=0.8) and +/- 80 degrees on rough surfaces are possible. For industrial applications a fast measurement is one of the most desired aspects. We face this demand by exploiting the physical and information-theoretical limits of the sensor, and giving rules for a trade-off between accuracy and efficiency. We further present a new method for data acquisition and evaluation which allows for a fast mechanical scanning without "stop-and-go".
Diffraction gratings analysis used in lensless camera technology

We give diffraction gratings an analysis in the lensless camera’s construction, the reasons for their use in image processing, their use and the problems main positive factors associated with their consideration in the lensless camera’s construction. The diffraction gratings most common types examples that are currently used in the lens-free camera’s construction are given, their classification and approximate structure with giving their transfer functions mathematical description is given, and their use practical examples in solving various problems associated with image processing are considered. The various diffraction gratings basic advantages and lacks consideration analysis at lensless cameras construction and their use reasons are performed. Also, the questions connected with their further development at image processing construction and use in problems are considered.
Synthesis method of circulant polynomial encoding matrices for the implementation of code-division multiplexing

The method of the synthesis of circulant polynomial matrices for the implementation of the operation of code combining of channels on the transmitting side of the communication system has been developed. The structure of these matrices is the basis for reducing the complexity of encoder schemes and, consequently, the radiated power of radio transmitters of subscriber devices. The research results can be applied in communication systems with multiple access, with a wide coverage area, high quality of data transmission, high noise immunity, stability of communication channels from interception and eavesdropping.