Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Error compensation for phase retrieval in deflectometry based on deep learning

Fringe patterns are widely applied in optical metrology, and phase retrieval is an essential process for decoding surface information. In the field of phase measuring deflectometry (PMD), phase errors in the phase retrieval process have more significant effects for PMD is a slope-based technique and is more sensitive to low-frequency errors. The main factors affecting the quality of the captured fringe images include the gamma effect of the liquid crystal display screen, the random noise from the charge-coupled device camera, and the random noise amplified by the defocused fringe patterns. Conventional methods compensated the phase errors of these factors separately with different methods, which are inefficient in handling the errors from coupling factors effectively. In this paper, we propose a deep neural network to compensate for the phase errors resulting from the combination of the factors. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed network can significantly suppress the errors in phase retrieval with non-ideal fringe images. The phase errors can be reduced in both simulated and authentic data for deflectometry, which verifies the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed method.
Infrared-modified Universe

We consider a Hubble expansion law modified in the infra-red by distance-dependent terms, and attempt to enforce homogeneity upon it. As a warm-up, we re-derive the basic kinematics of a Friedman Robertson Walker universe without using standard general relativistic tools: we describe the expansion with a `Hubble velocity field' rather than with a four dimensional metric. Then we extend this analysis to the modified Hubble expansion and impose a transformation for velocities that makes it identical for all comoving observers, and therefore homogeneous. We derive the modified equation for light ray trajectories and other geometrical properties that are incompatible with the general relativistic description. We speculate that this extended framework could help addressing cosmological problems which are normally explained with accelerating expansions.
Should we make predictions based on social simulations?

ABSTRACT The general feeling is that no predictions can be made based on agent-based social simulations. The outcomes of social simulations are based on the behaviors of individuals and their interactions. Behavioral models are always incomplete and often, also incorrect with respect to real behavior and thus the outcomes of agent-based social simulations cannot be trusted as predictions. In this article, we argue that behavioral models do not have to be valid in all respects, but only in the essential aspects in order to be able to make useful predictions. Based on some case studies on the effectiveness of restrictions during the COVID-19 crisis, we show that what are essential aspects of a behavioral model that need to be valid depends on the specific situation that is simulated. The predictions that were needed for the COVID-19 crisis were made with an agent-based social simulation framework using a behavioral model based on needs. The predictions could indicate the relative increase or decrease of COVID-19 infections due to the introduction of a new restriction. It shows that useful predictions can be made based on social simulations, but that we have to be careful on what type of predictions to make.
A DEEP PHOTOMETRIC LOOK AT TWO OF ANDROMEDA'S DWARF SPHEROIDALS: X AND XVII

We use deep wide-field photometry from the Large Binocular Camera to study the stellar and structural properties of the recently discovered Andromeda X and Andromeda XVII (And X and And XVII) dwarf galaxies. Using the mean apparent magnitude of the horizontal branch (HB), we derive distances of 621 ± 20 kpc to And X and 734 ± 23 kpc to And XVII, closer by >60 kpc than the previous estimates which were based on red giant branch (RGB) observations. Thus, our results warrant against the use of the RGB tip method for determining distances to systems with sparsely populated RGBs and show how crucial HB observations are in obtaining accurate distances in systems such as these. We find that And X is a relatively faint (MV = −7.36), highly elongated (ϵ = 0.48) system at a distance of 174 ± 62 kpc from Andromeda. And XVII is brighter (MV = −8.61) with an M31-centric distance of 73 kpc which makes it one of the closest satellites to Andromeda. Both galaxies are metal-poor: we derive = −2.2 for And X, while And XVII shows , consistent with the relation of higher luminosity dwarfs being more metal-rich. Additionally, both galaxies show considerable intrinsic spreads in metallicity (0.2 and 0.3 dex for And X and And XVII, respectively), consistent with multiple stellar populations.
Competing Chiral Orders in the Topological Haldane-Hubbard Model of Spin-1/2 Fermions and Bosons

Motivated by experiments on ultracold atoms which have realized the Haldane model for a Chern insulator, we consider its strongly correlated Mott limit with spin-$1/2$ fermions. We find that slave rotor mean field theory yields gapped or gapless chiral spin liquid Mott insulators. To study competing magnetic orders, we consider the strong coupling effective spin Hamiltonian which includes chiral three-spin exchange. We obtain its classical phase diagram, uncovering various chiral magnetic orders including tetrahedral, cone, and noncoplanar spiral states which can compete with putative chiral quantum spin liquids. We study the effect of thermal fluctuations on these states, identifying crossovers in the spin chirality, and phase transitions associated with lattice symmetry breaking. We also discuss analogous effective spin Hamiltonians for correlated spin-$1/2$ bosons. Finally, we point out possible experimental implications of our results for cold atom experiments.
Comparison of Morphological and Digital-Assisted Analysis for BCL6 Endometrial Expression in Women with Endometriosis

BCL6 (B-cell lymphoma 6) is a proto-oncogene and transcriptional repressor initially described as being involved in B-cell lymphoma. Recently, this factor has been identified as a promising tissue biomarker which could be used to diagnose women affected by endometriosis. Previous studies used HSCORE for BCL6 staining quantification in the endometrium. However, this semi-quantitative technique of analysis has some limitations, including a lack of objectivity, robustness, and reproducibility that may lead to intra- and inter-observer variability. Our main goal was to develop an original computer-assisted method to quantify BCL6 staining from whole-slide images reliably. In order to test the efficiency of our new digital method of quantification, we compared endometrial BCL6 expression between fertile and infertile women without or with different stages of endometriosis by using the widely used HSCORE analysis and our new automatic digital image analysis. We find a higher expression of BCL6 in the endometrium of infertile women with endometriosis and women with stage IV endometriosis. Furthermore, we demonstrate a significant correlation between the two types of independent measurements, indicating the robustness of results and also the reliability of our computer-assisted method for BCL6 quantification. In conclusion, our work, by using this original computer-assisted method, enables BCL6 quantification more objectively, reliably, robustly, and promptly compared to HSCORE analysis.
CW highly efficient 1.24-μm Raman laser based on low-loss phosphosilicate fiber

Extremely simple and efficient 1.24 micrometers phosphosilicate fiber-based Raman laser was developed. The cavity of the Raman laser was formed by the Bragg gratings written directly in the phosphosilicate fiber. The investigation of the laser parameters, mathematical simulations and optimization of the Raman laser were carried out. As a result of optimization the 1.24 micrometers output power of 2.4 W was reached at the neodymium fiber laser pump power of 3.6 W, that corresponds to the Raman laser quantum efficiency of 77%.
Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis on Indonesian Presidential Election Using Deep Learning

Pemilihan presiden tahun 2019 merupakan pemilihan presiden yang menjadi perbincangan hangat selama beberapa waktu bahkan orang membicarakan topik ini sejak tahun 2018 di internet. Dalam memprediksi pemenang pemilihan presiden penelitian sebelumnya telah melakukan penelitian terhadap dataset Analisis sentimen berbasis aspek (ABSA) pemilihan presiden tahun 2019 menggunakan algoritma pembelajaran mesin seperti Support Vector Machine (SVM), Naive Bayes (NB), dan K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) dan menghasilkan akurasi yang cukup baik. Penelitian ini mengusulkan metode deep learning dengan menggunakan model BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representation form Transformers) dan RoBERTa (A Robustly Optimized BERT Pretraining Approach). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa model BERT indobenchmark dan RoBERTa base-indonesian single label classification pada fitur target dengan preprocessing menghasilkan akurasi yang terbaik yaitu sebesar 98.02%. Model BERT indolem dan indobenchmark single label classification pada fitur target tanpa preprocessing menghasilkan akurasi yang terbaik yaitu sebesar 98.02%. Model BERT indobenchmark single label classification pada fitur aspek dengan preprocessing menghasilkan akurasi yang terbaik yaitu sebesar 74.26%. Model BERT indolem single label classification pada fitur aspek tanpa preprocessing menghasilkan akurasi yang terbaik yaitu sebesar 74.26%. Model BERT indolem single label classification pada fitur sentiment dengan preprocessing menghasilkan akurasi yang terbaik yaitu sebesar 93.07%. Model BERT indolem single label classification pada fitur sentiment tanpa preprocessing menghasilkan akurasi yang terbaik yaitu sebesar 94.06%. Model BERT indobenchmark multi label classification dengan preprocessing menghasilkan akurasi yang terbaik yaitu sebesar 98.66%. Model BERT indobenchmark multi label classification tanpa preprocessing menghasilkan akurasi yang terbaik yaitu sebesar 98.66%.
Nonlinear kinetic modeling of stimulated Raman scattering in a multidimensional geometrya)

In this paper, we derive coupled envelope equations modeling the growth of stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) in a multi-dimensional geometry and accounting for nonlinear kinetic effects. In particular, our envelope equations allow for the nonlinear reduction of the Landau damping rate, whose decrease with the plasma wave amplitude depends on the rate of side-loss. Account is also made of the variations in the extent of the plasma wave packet entailed by the collisionless dissipation due to trapping. The dephasing between the electron plasma wave (EPW) and the laser drive, as well as the self-focussing of the plasma wave, both induced by the EPW nonlinear frequency shift, are also included in our envelope equations. These equations are solved in a multi-dimensional geometry using our code dubbed BRAMA, whose predictions regarding the evolution of Raman reflectivity as a function of the laser intensity are compared against previously published particle in cell results, thus illustrating the ability of BRAMA.
A snapshot of the transition from monogenetic volcanoes to composite volcanoes: case study on the Wulanhada Volcanic Field (northern China)

Abstract. The transition processes from monogenetic volcanoes to composite volcanoes are poorly understood. The Late Pleistocene to Holocene intraplate monogenetic Wulanhada Volcanic Field (WVF) in northern China provides a snapshot of such a transition. Here we present petrographic observations, mineral chemistry, bulk rock major and trace element data, thermobarometry, and a partial melting model for the WVF to evaluate the lithology and partial melting degree of the mantle source, the crystallization conditions, and pre-eruptive magmatic processes occurring within the magma plumbing system. The far-field effect of India–Eurasia collision resulted in a relatively high degree (10 %–20 %) of partial melting of a carbonate-bearing eclogite (∼ 3 wt % carbonate; Gt/Cpx ≈ 2 : 8, where Gt denotes garnet and Cpx denotes clinopyroxene) followed by interaction with ambient peridotite. The primary melts ascended to the depth of the Moho (∼ 33–36 km depth), crystallized olivine, clinopyroxene and plagioclase at the temperature of 1100–1160 ∘C with the melt water contents of 1.1 wt %–2.3 wt %. Part of the primary melt interacted with the lithospheric mantle during ascent, resulting in an increase in the MgO contents and a decrease in the alkaline contents. The modified magma was subsequently directly emplaced into the middle crust (∼ 23–26 km depth) and crystallized olivine, clinopyroxene and plagioclase at the temperature of 1100–1160 ∘C. The primary melts from the same mantle sources migrated upward to the two-level magma reservoirs to form minerals with complex textures (including reverse and oscillatory zoning and sieve texture). Magma erupted along the NE–SW-striking basement fault and the NW–SE-striking Wulanhada–Gaowusu fault in response to the combined effects of regional tectonic stress and magma replenishment. The crustal magma reservoir in the WVF may represent a snapshot of the transition from monogenetic volcanoes to composite volcanoes. It is possible to form a composite volcano with large magma volumes and complex compositions if the magma is continuously supplied from the source and experiences assimilation and fractional crystallization processes in the magma plumbing system at crustal depth.
Effect of Indian Music as an Auditory Stimulus on Physiological Measures of Stress, Anxiety, Cardiovascular and Autonomic Responses in Humans—A Randomized Controlled Trial

Among the different anthropogenic stimuli humans are exposed to, the psychological and cardiovascular effects of auditory stimuli are less understood. This study aims to explore the possible range of change after a single session of auditory stimulation with three different ‘Modes’ of musical stimuli (MS) on anxiety, biomarkers of stress, and cardiovascular parameters among healthy young individuals. In this randomized control trial, 140 healthy young adults, aged 18–30 years, were randomly assigned to three MS groups (Mode/Raga Miyan ki Todi, Malkauns, and Puriya) and one control group (natural sounds). The outcome measurements of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, salivary alpha-amylase (sAA), salivary cortisol (sCort), blood pressure, and heart rate variability (HRV) were collected at three time points: before (M1), during (M2), and after the intervention (M3). State anxiety was reduced significantly with raga Puriya (p = 0.018), followed by raga Malkauns and raga Miyan Ki Todi. All the groups showed a significant reduction in sAA. Raga Miyan ki Todi and Puriya caused an arousal effect (as evidenced by HRV) during the intervention and significant relaxation after the intervention (both p < 0.005). Raga Malkauns and the control group had a sustained rise in parasympathetic activity over 30 min. Future studies should try to use other modes and features to develop a better scientific foundation for the use of Indian music in medicine.
Fractional PIλDµ controller design for non-linear PEM fuel cell for pressure control based on a genetic algorithm

ABSTRACT A fractional-order dynamic model could more accurately model many real scenarios than an integer-order model and provide a more accurate description of numerous genuine dynamical processes. A seventh-order nonlinear proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) model is linearised in this research, taking into account correct initial conditions and equilibrium points.We consider the fluctuating load current as a disturbance parameter to affect the system. The goal is to find a control law for the MIMO system using a fractional PID controller based on a genetic algorithm. The controller is a critical part of the fuel cell which controls its functioning and efficiency. The goal is accomplished by designing a fractional controller to adjust the natural response of the fuel cell reactor and maintain the desired Power output in the face of uncertainties and disturbances. The validation results demonstrate that the fractional PIλDµ(FOPID) control method has a smaller overshoot and higher stability than the PID control method. Moreover, it is also observed that the operation efficiency of the PEMFC has risen by 2% with a response timing of less than 0.1 s using the developed fractional PIλDµ(FOPID) control technique. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Distribution of the Order Lampriformes in the Mediterranean Sea with Notes on Their Biology, Morphology, and Taxonomy

Simple Summary The distribution of teleost fishes is of fundamental importance to comprehending how these species contribute to the ecological equilibria of marine areas. In these terms, fishes of the order Lampriformes are circumglobally distributed, and are characterized by a peculiar morphology. Information on this fish group is scarce to absent regarding both their biological and distribution features, especially for the Mediterranean Sea. Moreover, the systematics of the group underwent several rearrangements, and molecular support is still scarce. This review aimed to describe the biological and ecological characteristics of the order Lampriformes, and to compile the scattered Lampriformes records from the literature. Lampriformes represent a taxon of high biological and ecological importance whose knowledge is limited by their low commercial value and rarity. The bathymetrical range of distribution also makes these species very interesting from an adaptive point of view. Four families are present in the Mediterranean Sea—Lampridae, Lophotidae, Regalecidae, and Trachipteridae—with a total of six species. Despite the scarce information on this taxon, the present review, which collected all reports of the Mediterranean Sea, represents a baseline to increase the knowledge of these rare and important species, and to encourage new studies in this area. Moreover, a phylogenetic reconstruction of Lampriformes based on the cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (mt-COI) gene sequences questions the current evolutionary relationships between some species. Abstract Lampriformes are circumglobally distributed and contain several families of strictly marine bony fishes that have a peculiar morphology. Lampriformes systematics is affected by limitations in biometric, meristic, and molecular data; for this reason, it underwent several rearrangements in the past. This review aimed to describe the biological and ecological characteristics of the order Lampriformes, summarizing the current taxonomy of the group. The main aim was to clarify what is known about the distribution of the order Lampriformes in the Mediterranean Sea, collecting all the scarce and fragmented reports and notes on their occurrence. Knowledge scarcity is due to their solitary nature, in addition to their low to absent economic value. Despite this, the order Lampriformes represents a taxon of high biological and ecological importance. The high depth range of distribution characterizes their lifestyle. In the Mediterranean Sea, four families are present—Lampridae, Lophotidae, Regalecidae, and Trachipteridae—with the following species respectively, Lampris guttatus (Brünnich, 1788), Lophotus lacepede (Giorna, 1809), Regalecus glesne (Ascanius, 1772), Trachipterus arcticus (Brünnich, 1788), T. trachypterus (Gmelin, 1789), and Zu cristatus (Bonelli, 1819). Data deficiencies affect information on this taxon; the present review, which collected all the reports of the Mediterranean Sea, creates a baseline for depicting the biogeography of these rare and important species.
Algorithm research for prize-collecting dominating set problem on special graph

The prize-collecting dominating set (PCDS) problem is the generalization of the minimum dominating set (MDS) problem. The MDS problem requires a dominating set in a given graph, namely a subset of vertexes. Any vertex in the graph belongs to the closed neighborhood of the subset of vertexes, where the subset of vertexes with the smallest cardinality is the MDS. In the PCDS problem: given an undirected graph, its vertex setV has nonnegative weighting functionω and nonnegative penalty functionπ . Finding a vertex subset D⊂V, for vertexes do not belong to the closed neighborhood of D , we need to pay penalties for them. The objective of this issue is to minimize the sum of weights and penalties. As we all know that the MDS problem is NP-hard in general graph, obviously, PCDS problem is NP-hard, too. , In certain cases, the PCDS problem can achieve better results than the MDS problem, which has a certain value in practical applications such as facility location and logistics management. Whether the problem is limited to a special graph will get useful structural characterization and corresponding algorithm results is considered, designed polynomial time exact algorithm on the star and according to the r -LMP approximation algorithm, designed the 2-LMP approximation algorithm on the path and cycle.
A multiple system of high-mass YSOs surrounded by disks in NGC 7538 IRS1 - Gas dynamics on scales of 10–700 AU from CH3OH maser and NH3 thermal lines

NGC7538 IRS1 is considered the best high-mass accretion disk candidate around an O-type young star in the northern hemisphere. We investigated the 3D kinematics and dynamics of circumstellar gas with very high linear resolution, from tens to 1500 AU, with the ultimate goal of building a comprehensive dynamical model for this YSO. We employed four different observing epochs of EVN data at 6.7 GHz, spanning almost eight years, which enabled us to measure, besides line-of-sight (l.o.s.) velocities and positions, also l.o. s. accelerations and proper motions of methanol masers. In addition, we imaged with the JVLA-B array highly-excited ammonia inversion lines, from (6,6) to (13,13), which enabled us to probe the hottest molecular gas very close to the exciting source(s). We found five 6.7 GHz maser clusters which are distributed over a region extended N-S across ~1500 AU and are associated with three peaks of the radio continuum. We proposed that these maser clusters identify three individual high-mass YSOs, named IRS1a, IRS1b, and IRS1c. We modeled the maser clusters in IRS1a and IRS1b in terms of edge-on disks in centrifugal equilibrium. In the first case, masers may trace a quasi-Keplerian thin disk, orbiting around a high-mass YSO, IRS1a, of up to 25 solar masses. This YSO dominates the bolometric luminosity of the region. The second disk is both massive (<16 Msun within ~500 AU) and thick, and the mass of the central YSO, IRS1b, is constrained to be at most a few solar masses. In summary, we present compelling evidence that NGC7538 IRS1 is not forming just one single high-mass YSO, but consists of a multiple system of high-mass YSOs, which are surrounded by accretion disks, and are probably driving individual outflows. This new model naturally explains all the different orientations and disk/outflow structures proposed for the region in previous models.