Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Early Experience with Percutaneous Transpedicular Screw Fixation for Thoracolumbar Fractures at a Tertiary Hospital in Pakistan.

Objective: To present our early experience with percutaneous transpedicular screw fixation for thoracolumbar fractures at a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan. Material & Methods: A case series of 20 patients with thoracolumbar fractures, who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were followed for up to six months to evaluate their functional status using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Kendall’s tau, Spearman’s rho and Pearson correlations were conducted to draw useful conclusions. Results: 85% patients’ injury was reported from ‘fall from height’. 55% of the fracture was the dorsal-lumbar junction (T12-L1). Burst type morphology was reported in maximum number of patients (65%). 55% of patients were reported to be neurologically intact. ODI score’s mean percentage decreased from 40% to 23% during the first week to six months, indicates an improvement in the disabilities. A significant (p<0.050) positive correlation was found between fracture morphology and ODI. All patients had an accurate screw trajectory postoperatively and no postoperative complications were documented. Neurology was stable for all patients at 1, 3 and 6 months. Conclusion: Percutaneous transpedicular screw fixation can be a viable approach for thoracolumbar burst fractures with intact posterior ligamentous complex in all types of thoracolumbar fractures, including type C and leads to an improvement the quality of life. Fracture morphology has a significantly positive correlation with a higher disability index score, with more severe fracture morphologies as per the Thoracolumbar Injury Classification and Severity (TLICS) score having a higher disability.
Municipal waste slag for dyes photocatalytic and metal recovery applications through structural analysis and experimental characterization

Municipal waste is an essential issue worldwide. The achievements in this field needs to be maximized to meet the increase in municipal waste generated every year. The challenge is to correlate municipal waste management systems to the high valued applications. The present work fills this gap by tracing the elemental analysis of municipal waste slag (MWS) over 10 months for the use of MWS as a visible light photocatalyst for the degradation of methylene blue (MB) and the recovery of valuable metals. The compositions of 10 samples collected at different times have been evaluated using X‐ray fluorescence spectroscopy for the major composition and photon activation analysis for the minor composition analysis. The degradation efficiency is controlled by the iron oxidation state and sample's basicity. For as collected slag the degradation is attributed to both Fenton and photo‐Fenton reaction while for the melted samples, the prominent reaction is photo‐Fenton. The best performing sample, 4‐M, shows a pseudo‐first‐order rate constant k of 1.5 × 10−1 min−1 for MB degradation after 20 minutes under a pH of 11 and 0.35 M of H2O2. This sample shows good stability after seven successive cycles.
Mechanically-stacked perovskite/CIGS tandem solar cells with efficiency of 23.9% and reduced oxygen sensitivity

A perovskite/CIGS tandem configuration is an attractive and viable approach to achieve an ultra-high efficiency and cost-effective all-thin-film solar cell. In this work, we developed a semi-transparent perovskite solar cell (PSC) with a maximum efficiency of 18.1% at a bandgap of ∼1.62 eV. Combining this cell in a mechanically stacked tandem configuration with a 16.5% CIGS cell results in a tandem efficiency of 23.9%. We also present a semi-transparent high bandgap (∼1.75 eV) PSC with a champion efficiency of 16.0% that enables a tandem efficiency of 23.4%. Optical simulation predicts that a perovskite/CIGS tandem efficiency of over 30% is feasible with a high bandgap perovskite top cell. The multiple-cation perovskite absorbers enabling high tandem efficiencies in this work are found to be remarkably less sensitive towards oxygen exposure compared to the widely used CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3). By combining systematic compositional tuning of perovskite materials and the simultaneous probe of terminal open-circuit voltage (Voc) and Photoluminence (PL) of PSCs, it is deduced that an interaction between methylamonnium (MA) cations and oxygen molecules results in an increased surface recombination rate, and this is the main driver for oxygen-induced degradation. The extraordinary device performance and stability reported in this work pave the way for ultimately realizing the commercialization of all-thin-film photovoltaic technology.
Generalized Pitzer Correlation for Density Calculations of Ionic Liquids

The density of ionic liquids is an important design parameter for its utilization as a chemical process solvent. In this study, a generalized Pitzer-type correlation for calculating the density of ionic liquids with the use of reduced temperature (TR), reduced pressure (PR), and acentric factor (ω) as parameters is proposed. Experimental density data were obtained from several references through the IUPAC Ionic Liquids Database. Expansion of the terms as well as integrating the ionic liquid molecular weight was attempted to determine the accuracy improvement of the model in predicting densities at 0.1 MPa. Then, the obtained model was modified by further truncation to include the pressure effects for densities at higher pressures. MATLAB software was used to determine the optimal virial coefficients for the proposed correlations. The percent average absolute deviation (%AAD) was applied to calculate the variation between the experimental and calculated density values. It was concluded that the eight (8) coefficient correlation equation with molecular weight for densities at 0.1 MPa had a %AAD of 4.7537%. Upon modifying the correlation to include pressure effects, the resulting modified equation had an overall %AAD of 4.7174%.
Cloud Computing in Agricultural Enterprises in Slovakia

We are currently making great strides in the field of ICTs, which is associated with the availability of other larger volumes of information any species. There are problems with their analysis, storage, as well as security in companies. The aim of the paper was to focus on the agricultural sector in terms of innovation. In the presented article we deal with the issue of cloud computing and its use in management in agricultural enterprises in Slovakia. We characterize cloud computing, its advantages and disadvantages, as well as the current use of this service by agricultural entreprises in Slovakia. We used the method of questionnaire survey and personal interview to investigate the above problems. We also focused on the study of cloud computing and related issues from available foreign sources. The results show that agricultural enterprises in Slovakia use cloud computing services less with comparing to the countries of EU.
End to side anastomosis with a circular stapler for minimally invasive Ivor Lewis esophagectomy—how I do it

: The Ivor Lewis MIE has been growing in popularity globally ever since it was made popular among the Western population by J. D. Luketich at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC). Most patients in the West present with distal esophageal or esophago-gastric junction cancers, which favour the Ivor Lewis MIE, and an intrathoracic anastomosis as the operation of choice. However, the debate continues over which type of esophago-gastric anastomosis should be performed. The end-to-side stapled intrathoracic esophago-gastric anastomosis with a 28 or 29 mm circular stapler, and covering the anastomosis with an omental flap, is a well-established standardised technique at the UPMC and Norwich. In experienced hands, this technique is easy to execute once the anvil is inserted into the esophagus and the two purse-string sutures are tied. It has a low leak rate (<5%) when executed correctly. In the rare occurrence of a leak, the exact site of the leak can be visualised with a computerised tomography scan, since the titanium staples are easily identified radiologically. As a result, the defect at the circular anastomosis is easily located endoscopically. In addition, the leak is often small. Altogether, these factors favour the use of an EndoVac to treat the leak from a circular stapler. Hence, the authors advocate doing the circular stapled end-to-side esophago-gastric anastomosis, which is covered with an omental patch under a pleural tent.
A Dockerized big data architecture for sports analytics

The revolution of big data has also affected the area of sports analytics. Many big companies have started to see the benefits of combining sports analytics and big data to make a profit. Aggregating and processing big sport data from different sources becomes challenging if we rely on central processing techniques, which hurts the accuracy and the timeliness of the information. Distributed systems come to the rescue as a solution to these problems and the MapReduce paradigm is promising for large-scale data analytics. In this study, we present a big data architecture based on Docker containers in Apache Spark. We demonstrate the architecture on four data-intensive case studies including structured analysis, streaming, machine learning methods, and graph-based analysis in sport analytics, showing ease of use.
What Limits the Rate Capability of Li-S Batteries during Discharge: Charge Transfer or Mass Transfer?

Li-S batteries exhibit poor rate capability under lean electrolyte conditions required for achieving high practical energy densities. In this contribution, we argue that the rate capability of commercially-viable Li-S batteries is mainly limited by mass transfer rather than charge transfer during discharge. We first present experimental evidence showing that the charge-transfer resistance of Li-S batteries and hence the cathode surface covered by Li2S are proportional to the state-of-charge (SoC) and not to the current, directly contradicting previous theories. We further demonstrate that the observed Li-S behaviors for different discharge rates are qualitatively captured by a zero-dimensional Li-S model with transport-limited reaction currents. This is the first Li-S model to also reproduce the characteristic overshoot in voltage at the beginning of charge, suggesting its cause is the increase in charge transfer resistance brought by Li2S precipitation.
THE POSSIBLE LINK BETWEEN VITAMIN D LEVELS AND RESTLESS LEG SYNDROME: A HOSPITAL-BASED CASE-CONTROL STUDY FROM KASHMIR, INDIA

Background & Objectives: Various pathophysiological mechanisms and risk factors have been identified in patients with restless leg syndrome and there exist other factors also that are yet to be identified and are under-researched. Evidence suggests a possible link between Vitamin D deficiency and Restless leg syndrome.The aim was to study the Vitamin D levels in patients diagnosed with RLS and to find a correlation between Vitamin D and RLS. Methods: This was a case-control study carried out in the outpatient department of the Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences Kashmir.A total of 144 subjects were enrolled in the study. Fifty-one were diagnosed cases of RLS and 93 were healthy controls.The Vitamin D levels were analysed by the chemiluminescent immunoassay method in both cases as well as controls.The descriptive statistics were used for various socio-demographic and clinical variables.The data were analysed by chi-square test, t-test and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: The vitamin D levels were significantly low in the RLS group in comparison to the control group. There was a significant correlation between vitamin D levels, vitamin D deficiency and restless leg syndrome (OR= 1.01, p-value 0.005 and OR= 5.40, p-value <0.0001 respectively). Interpretation &conclusions: Vitamin D levels were low in patients with RLS. This signifies vitamin D may have some role in the pathophysiology of RLS.Vitamin D regulates the nervous system development and function therefore, its use can be considered in the management of RLS when other modalities cannot prove as a promising agent.
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour (MPNST) of thorax: a rare soft tissue sarcoma in a patient with neurofibromatosis type 1

Neurofibromatosis is a genetic disorder with multisystem involvement. Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours (MPNST) are one of the soft tissue sarcomas associated with neurofibromatosis type1 (NF-1). These tumours are relatively rare and mostly occur in proximal portions of the upper and lower extremities and the trunk. MPNST of the thoracic cavity has rarely been reported. This case report describes a woman with NF-1 who presented with progressive dyspnoea and was found to have a mass in the thoracic cavity. She underwent partial resection and was found to have MPNST. Intrathoracic MPNST have a bad prognosis often needing neoadjuvant chemotherapy or chemoradiation pre/ post resection.
Implant Surgery for Fixed Implant-supported Prostheses in the Edentulous Mandible:
A Case Report

Copyright © 2021. The Korean Academy of Oral & Maxillofacial Implantology This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons. org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. OPEN ACCESS Edentulism following extraction of existing teeth due to dental caries, severe periodontal disease, or surgical damage can be treated with implants using complete dentures, implant-supported overdentures, or fixed implant-supported prostheses. Fixed implant-supported prostheses have higher masticatory efficiency than removable prostheses and may provide patients with psychological stability. Moreover, when compared with traditional removable complete dentures, fixed implantsupported prostheses have better stability and retention, help improve the mental health of the patients, and provide them with opportunities to respond more actively to the society. In this report, patients preferred fixed implant-supported prostheses, which were advantageous in terms of masticatory efficiency, patient satisfaction, and distribution of stress compared to removable prostheses. Thus, they were considered the first priority. In case 1, a fixed implant-supported prosthesis was fabricated by placing 12 implants in a patient with edentulous mandible who was using a mandibular complete denture, but complained of denture displacement and masticatory dysfunction. In case 2, a fixed implant-supported prosthesis was fabricated by placing eight implants in a patient with an edentulous mandible whose entire mandibular dentition had been extracted due to severe periodontitis. Satisfactory functional and esthetic outcomes were achieved with fabrication and placement of fixed implant-supported prostheses in these patients.
Generating and Evaluating Explanations of Attended and Error-Inducing Input Regions for VQA Models

Attention maps, a popular heatmap-based explanation method for Visual Question Answering (VQA), are supposed to help users understand the model by highlighting portions of the image/question used by the model to infer answers. However, we see that users are often misled by current attention map visualizations that point to relevant regions despite the model producing an incorrect answer. Hence, we propose Error Maps that clarify the error by highlighting image regions where the model is prone to err. Error maps can indicate when a correctly attended region may be processed incorrectly leading to an incorrect answer, and hence, improve users’ understanding of those cases. To evaluate our new explanations, we further introduce a metric that simulates users’ interpretation of explanations to evaluate their potential helpfulness to understand model correctness. We finally conduct user studies to see that our new explanations help users understand model correctness better than baselines by an expected 30% and that our proxy helpfulness metrics correlate strongly (rho>0.97) with how well users can predict model correctness.
Dripper testing: Application of statistical quality control for measurement system analysis

Ensaios de gotejadores: Aplicação de controle estatístico de qualidade na análise de sistema de medição R E S U M O Os ensaios laboratoriais para avaliação técnica ou estudo de material de irrigação envolvem a medição de diversas grandezas, bem como o monitoramento e controle das condições de ensaio. A presente pesquisa, realizada em 2016, teve por objetivo utilizar técnicas de controle estatístico de qualidade para avaliar resultados de ensaios de tubos gotejadores. Foram elaborados gráficos de controle para média móvel exponencialmente ponderada, além de índices de capacidade para o processo de medição da pressão de ensaio e temperatura da água; e estudo de repetitividade e reprodutibilidade (Gage RR) para vazão, no qual foram utilizadas 10 repetições, sob três turnos de trabalho (manhã, tarde e noite), com 25 emissores. Tanto a pressão quanto a temperatura se mantiveram estáveis, com desempenho “excelente” para o ajuste da pressão via controlador proporcional integrativo-derivativo. A variabilidade entre emissores foi a componente de maior contribuição na variância total das medições de vazão, sendo 96,77% devida à variabilidade entre peças. Classificou-se o sistema de medição como “aceitável” ou “aprovado” mediante o estudo Gage RR; e não foram identificadas causas não aleatórias de variabilidade relevantes na rotina de ensaios.
Diversity and Activity of Aquatic Cellulolytic Bacteria Isolated from Sedimentary Water in the Littoral Zone of Tonle Sap Lake, Cambodia

Tonle Sap Lake is the largest freshwater lake in Southeast Asia, and it is regarded as one of the most biodiverse freshwater ecosystems in the world. Studies concerning aquatic cellulolytic bacteria from Tonle Sap Lake remain scarce. Cellulolytic bacteria and their cellulases play a vital role in the biogeochemical cycles of lake environments, and their application in biotechnological industries is likewise an important component of their usage. This study aimed to assess the isolation, genetic identification, bioinformatic analyses, and activity characterization of aquatic cellulolytic bacteria. The cellulolytic bacteria isolated from sedimentary water samples in the littoral zone of the lake belong to the genera Aeromonas, Bacillus, and Exiguobacterium. Several isolated aquatic bacteria were designated as rare cellulolytic microbes. Remarkably, B. mojavensis strain REP303 was initially evidenced by the aquatic cellulolytic bacterium in freshwater lake ecosystems. It was considered a highly active cellulolytic bacterium capable of creating a complete cellulase system involving endoglucanase, exoglucanase, and β-glucosidase. The encoded endoglucanase belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase family 5 (GH5), with a carboxymethylcellulase (CMCase) activity of 3.97 ± 0.05 U/mL. The optimum temperature and pH for CMCase activity were determined to be 50 °C at a pH of 7.0, with a stability range of 25–55 °C at a neutral pH of 7.0–8.0. The CMCase activity was enhanced significantly by Mn2+ and was inhibited considerably by EDTA and ethyl-acetate. In conclusion, this study is the first to report data concerning aquatic cellulolytic bacteria isolated from the littoral zone of Tonle Sap Lake. A novel strain of isolated cellulolytic B. mojavensis could be applied in various cellulose-based industries.
Validation of Inner, Second, and Outer Sphere Contributions to T1 and T2 Relaxation in Gd3+-Based Nanoparticles Using Eu3+ Lifetime Decay as a Probe

Paramagnetic lanthanide-based NPs are currently designed as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents to obtain optimal relaxivities at high magnetic fields of 7, 9.4, and 11.7 T where human imaging has been possible yielding high contrast to noise ratio in the MR images compared to the clinical field of 3 T. However, the underlying longitudinal (T1) and transverse (T2) relaxation mechanisms of the NP-based contrast agents based on the spatial motion and proximity of water protons with respect to the paramagnetic ions on the surface of NPs are still not well understood, specifically, in terms of contributions from inner, second, and outer spheres of coordination of water molecules to the NPs. Gd3+-based NPs, e.g., NaGdF4, are promising T1 contrast agents owing to the paramagnetic Gd3+ possessing a symmetric 8S7/2-state and slow electronic relaxation relevant to its efficiency to produce a positive (T1) contrast. Here, water-dispersed NaGdF4:Eu3+ (3 nm diameter, TEM) and NaYF4–NaGdF4:Eu3+ core–shell.
Using Oscillatory Processes in Northern Hemisphere Proxy Temperature Records to Forecast Industrial-era Temperatures

The validity and interpretation of differing representations of proxy temperature profiles from the past 2,000 years for the northern hemisphere remains controversial. One perspective of temperatures over the past 1,000 years embodies a major oscillation with a peak corresponding with the Medieval Warm Period (MWP), a trough representing the Little Ice Age (LIA) and subsequent increasing temperatures to the present. An alternate temperature perspective, known as the “hockey stick” exhibits a slow long-term cooling trend downward from about 1000 AD to about 1900 AD, followed by relatively rapid warming in the 20th century and is a prominent feature in describing the apparent climate crisis. The present study, using spectral analysis, shows that both types of profile have a dominant millennial oscillation and a set of lower power centennial and decadal oscillations. The key difference in determination of development of the proxy temperature profile into either a hockey stick or MWP_LIA cycle is the phase alignments of centennial and decadal oscillations with respect to the millennial oscillation. In both cases, the resultant sine waves from spectral analysis up to 1880 AD can be used to train a an artificial neural network using oscillatory data corresponding to the pre-industrial era, then forecasting temperatures into the 20th century, enabling an estimation of natural and anthropogenic contributions to recent warming. The limitations of highly complex general circulation models that do not to adequately incorporate oscillatory patterns in temperatures may be a compelling reason to promote more extensive use of forecasting with established machine learning techniques such as ANNs.
Host suitability of wheat cultivars to Pratylenchus thornei Sher & Allen, 1953 and Pratylenchus neglectus (Rensch, 1924) (Tylenchida: Pratylenchidae)

Root lesion nematodes (RLNs), Pratylenchus thornei Sher & Allen, 1953 and Pratylenchus neglectus (Rensch, 1924) (Tylenchida: Pratylenchidae) are important plant-parasitic nematodes that cause economic yield losses in wheat cropping systems worldwide. The use of resistant and tolerant cultivars is the most effective method to control these nematodes in wheat. There are currently no commercial wheat cultivars identified as completely resistant to the RLN species. The aim of this research was to evaluate 19 Turkish spring wheat cultivars for reaction to P. thornei and P. neglectus under in-vitro conditions over 16 weeks in 2019. In the result of the study, nine wheat cultivars (Adana99, Ata89, Bürküt, Cumhuriyet75, Gönen98, Marmara86, Meta2002, Troya and Uludağ) were found to have moderate resistance against P. thornei, whereas five wheat cultivars (Adana99, Alibey, Ata89, Ceyhan99 and Uludağ) were moderately resistant to P. neglectus. The study also showed that Adana99, Ata89 and Uludağ are resistant to both nematode species, and these cultivars, thus, are considered to be excellent sources of genes for further development RLN resistant commercial wheat cultivars.