Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Current Topics in Dermatophyte Classification and Clinical Diagnosis

Dermatophytes are highly infectious fungi that cause superficial infections in keratinized tissues in humans and animals. This group of fungi is defined by their ability to digest keratin and encompasses a wide range of species. Classification of many of these species has recently changed due to genetic analysis, potentially affecting clinical diagnosis and disease management. In this review, we discuss dermatophyte classification including name changes for medically important species, current and potential diagnostic techniques for detecting dermatophytes, and an in-depth review of Microsporum canis, a prevalent zoonotic dermatophyte. Fungal culture is still considered the “gold standard” for diagnosing dermatophytosis; however, modern molecular assays have overcome the main disadvantages of culture, allowing for tandem use with cultures. Further investigation into novel molecular assays for dermatophytosis is critical, especially for high-density populations where rapid diagnosis is essential for outbreak prevention. A frequently encountered dermatophyte in clinical settings is M. canis, which causes dermatophytosis in humans and cats. M. canis is adapting to its primary host (cats) as one of its mating types (MAT1-2) appears to be going extinct, leading to a loss of sexual reproduction. Investigating M. canis strains around the world can help elucidate the evolutionary trajectory of this fungi.
Thermodynamically Based Equation of State for Shock Wave Studies : Application to the Design of Experiments on Tin

This work is devoted to the evaluation of complex behavior of metals under shock wave loading. It presents a methodology for the design of specific experiments performed for validation of models and the evaluation of a multiphase equation of state for tin. This material has been selected because of the numerous works completed during the past years on its equation of state. We focus on the solid diagram which presents two solid phases. A thermodynamically based equation of state is developed which gives the opportunity to search for singularities which could be activated under particular shock wave loading. In the temperature — pressure diagram, the superimposed Hugoniot and release paths make apparent a double shock, release shock configurations. We propose the design and the VISAR results of a calibrated shock — reshock test for investigating the validity and the efficiency of the model for predicting the thermodynamical state of tin (phases mixing, temperature…). Comparison between numerical and experimental data shows the good accuracy of the results given by the EOS.
Aerial Separation and Receiver Arrangements on Identifying Lung Syndromes Using the Artificial Neural Network

Lung disease is one of the most harmful diseases in traditional days and is the same nowadays. Early detection is one of the most crucial ways to prevent a human from developing these types of diseases. Many researchers are involved in finding various techniques for predicting the accuracy of the diseases. On the basis of the machine learning algorithm, it was not possible to predict the better accuracy when compared to the deep learning technique; this work has proposed enhanced artificial neural network approaches for the accuracy of lung diseases. Here, the discrete Fourier transform and the Burg auto-regression techniques are used for extracting the computed tomography (CT) scan images, and feature reduction takes place by using principle component analysis (PCA). This proposed work has used the 120 subjective datasets from public landmarks with and without lung diseases. The given dataset is trained by using an enhanced artificial neural network (ANN). The preprocessing techniques are handled by using a Gaussian filter; thus, our proposed approach provides enhanced classification accuracy. Finally, our proposed method is compared with the existing machine learning approach based on its accuracy.
Connexins Signatures of the Neurovascular Unit and Their Physio-Pathological Functions

Central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis is closely linked to the delicate balance of the microenvironment in which different cellular components of the neurovascular unit (NVU) coexist. Intercellular communication plays a pivotal role in exchanges of signaling molecules and mediators essential for survival functions, as well as in the removal of disturbing elements that can lead to related pathologies. The specific signatures of connexins (Cxs), proteins which form either gap junctions (GJs) or hemichannels (HCs), represent the biological substrate of the pathophysiological balance. Connexin 43 (Cx43) is undoubtedly one of the most important factors in glia–neuro–vascular crosstalk. Herein, Cxs signatures of every NVU component are highlighted and their critical influence on functional processes in healthy and pathological conditions of nervous microenvironment is reviewed.
Establishment of an efficient primary callus induction for embryogenic potential of Coffea arabica

Coffea arabica L. is a species of coffee that contribute for more than seventy percent of world coffee production. Various attempts have been made to obtain large quantities of planting material through propagation in vitro somatic embryogenesis technology. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of different plant growth regulators (PGRs) on callus induction (indirect somatic embryogenesis) in AS2K clone of Arabica coffee. Mother plants of Arabica coffee were established in coffee experimental field of Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute at Andung Sari, Bondowoso, East Java, Indonesia (-7˚55'' ' S, 113˚41'' ' E) at an altitude of 1380,1 m dpl. Leaf explants were cultured on a half-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with various concentration (1.0, 2.0, 3.0 mg/L) of 2,4-D and (1.0, 2.0, 3.0 mg/L) thidiazuron in combination with 1.0 mg/L BAP. All the experiments were organized in completely random design (CDR) and repeated three times, each using minimum seven replicates (a total of 21 explants per treatment). The morphologycal and histological analysis of the different types of callus were observed. The percentage of callus formation was recorded every two weeks until eight weeks. The highest percentage of callus formation (almost 60%) was in medium containing 1 mg/L 2,4-D dan 1 mg/L BAP. Morphological and histological studies prove that the callus has a friable and embryogenic texture and begins to develop various stages of somatic embryo formation, starting with the globular, heart, torpedo and cotyledonary phases.
Novel Microwave Frequency-Locked-Loop-Based Sensor for Complex Permittivity Measurement of Liquid Solutions

In this article, a new microwave frequency-locked-loop (FLL)-based sensor is proposed for complex permittivity measurement of liquid solutions. An interdigitated electrode split-ring resonator (IDESRR) is embedded in the FLL and used as a sensing device to distribute electric field in the near-field region and sense the permittivities of the liquid solutions with different concentrations. When the test liquid is placed on the IDESRR, a deviation will be introduced to the resonance frequency based on the perturbation theory. This frequency deviation accompanies a corresponding phase shift in the FLL operating frequency. The phase-shifted signal then leads the FLL to output a frequency-modulated (FM) signal, whose frequency deviation depends on the concentration level of the test liquid. The quadrature frequency discriminator is used to demodulate this FM signal and transfer it into dc voltages, $V_{I}$ and $V_{Q}$ . Reference liquids with known permittivities are used to calibrate the proposed sensor and relate the measured voltages to the dielectric constant and loss tangent. In this article, the water–ethanol mixtures and water–glucose solutions are used as the test liquids to evaluate the measurement performance of the proposed FLL-based permittivity sensor. The measured results obtained using the proposed sensor agree very well with those obtained using the commercial dielectric probe. Moreover, since the proposed permittivity sensor has the benefits of a simple system architecture, high sensitivity, and not requiring a vector network analyzer (VNA), it has great potential to be developed as a new type of biomedical sample sensor.
Investigation of Single-Input Multiple-Output Wireless Power Transfer Systems Based on Optimization of Receiver Loads for Maximum Efficiencies

In this paper, the efficiency of single-input multiple-output (SIMO) wireless power transfer systems is examined. Closed-form solutions for the receiver loads that maximize either the total efficiency or the efficiency for a specific receiver are derived. They are validated with the solutions obtained using genetic algorithm (GA) optimization. The optimum load values required to maximize the total efficiency are found to be identical for all the receivers. Alternatively, the loads of receivers can be adjusted to deliver power selectively to a receiver of interest. The total efficiency is not significantly affected by this selective power distribution. A SIMO system is fabricated and tested; the measured efficiency matches closely with the efficiency obtained from the theory.
Hepatic, Extrahepatic and Extracellular Vesicle Cytochrome P450 2E1 in Alcohol and Acetaminophen-Mediated Adverse Interactions and Potential Treatment Options

Alcohol and several therapeutic drugs, including acetaminophen, are metabolized by cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) into toxic compounds. At low levels, these compounds are not detrimental, but higher sustained levels of these compounds can lead to life-long problems such as cytotoxicity, organ damage, and cancer. Furthermore, CYP2E1 can facilitate or enhance the effects of alcohol-drug and drug-drug interactions. In this review, we discuss the role of CYP2E1 in the metabolism of alcohol and drugs (with emphasis on acetaminophen), mediating injury/toxicities, and drug-drug/alcohol-drug interactions. Next, we discuss various compounds and various nutraceuticals that can reduce or prevent alcohol/drug-induced toxicity. Additionally, we highlight experimental outcomes of alcohol/drug-induced toxicity and potential treatment strategies. Finally, we cover the role and implications of extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing CYP2E1 in hepatic and extrahepatic cells and provide perspectives on the clinical relevance of EVs containing CYP2E1 in intracellular and intercellular communications leading to drug-drug and alcohol-drug interactions. Furthermore, we provide our perspectives on CYP2E1 as a druggable target using nutraceuticals and the use of EVs for targeted drug delivery in extrahepatic and hepatic cells, especially to treat cellular toxicity.
Conducting Polymer Nanocomposite for Energy Storage and Energy Harvesting Systems

Conducting polymers (CPs) have received a lot of attention because of their unique advantages over popular materials, such as universal and tunable electrical conductivity, simple invention approach, high mechanical strength, low weight, low price, and ease of processing. Polymer nanocomposites have been enthusiastically explored as superlative energy generators for low-power-consuming electronic strategies and confirmed progressive surface area, electronic conductivity, and amazing electrochemical behaviour through expanding the opportunity of utilization. The hybridization of conducting polymer with inorganic hybrid and organic nanomaterials also resulted in multifunctional hybrid nanocomposites with better capabilities in a variety of devices, including sensors, energy storage, energy harvesting, and defensive devices. The capability and assistance of modern advancements for the development of multifunctional nanomaterials/nanocomposites have been presented, as well as the approaches for producing nanostructured CPs. The mechanisms underlying their electrical conductivity, and ways for modifying their properties, are investigated. The ongoing research towards generating superior CP-based nanomaterials is also discussed. This assessment focuses on the important schemes involved in the scientific and industrial use of polymeric materials and nanocomposites intended for the scheme and manufacture of energy strategies such as solar cells, rechargeable batteries, supercapacitors, and energy cells, as well as the waiting problems and their prospects.
Whose Dark Traits Spoil Family Communication? A Triadic Analysis of Families Raising Adolescents

Adolescence is a turbulent stage of development for both adolescents and their families. Family communication remains one of the major means to adjust to developmental tasks in this stage. Since personality traits have a profound effect on the process of communication, Dark Triad (DT) traits were hypothesized to negatively influence family communication. We wanted to further explore the actor and partner effects of family members’ DT traits on their perceptions of family communication. Ninety-eight families (N = 294) with convenience sampling were recruited for our study. All three family members (i.e., fathers, mothers, and adolescent children) reported their level of DT traits on the Short Dark Triad and perceived quality of family communication on the Communication scale of the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale-IV. We classified families based on members’ level of DT traits, but no significant difference in mothers', fathers', and adolescents' perceptions of family communication was found across types of families. Results of triadic extensions of the actor-partner interdependence model showed that mothers' and adolescents' levels of Machiavellianism negatively affected family communication as perceived by fathers and mothers, respectively. Fathers' level of narcissism affected adolescents’ perceptions of family communication negatively. Fathers' level of psychopathy had a negative effect on their own and mothers' perceptions of family communication. Results are in line with general findings about DT traits and highlight their influence in affecting family communication. Specific actor and partner effects are discussed with regard to family roles.
Phenotypic matching by spot pattern potentially mediates female giraffe social associations

Animal color pattern is a phenotypic trait that may mediate assortative mixing (also known as homophily), whereby similar looking individuals have stronger social associations. Masai giraffe ( Giraffa camelopardalis tippelskirchi ) coat spot patterns show high variation and some spot traits appear to be heritable. Giraffes also have high visual acuity, which may facilitate intraspeci ﬁ c communication and recognition based on spot patterns. Giraffe groupings are dynamic, merging and splitting throughout the day, but females form long-term associations. We predicted that adult female giraffes show stronger associations with other females that have similar spot pattern traits. We quanti ﬁ ed the spot pattern characteristics of 399 adult female Masai giraffes and determined the pattern similarity among pairs (dyads) in their social network. We then tested for an association between coat pattern similarity (spot size, shape, and orientation) and dyadic association strength, and quanti-ﬁ ed assortative mixing. The strength of social associations was positively correlated with similarity in spot shape. Our results are compatible with assortativity by coat patterns that are similar between mother and offspring, potentially re ﬂ ecting an effect of relatedness on both pattern similarity and female social associations. These results offer evidence that spot pattern could function as a visual cue for intraspeci-ﬁ c communication and kin or individual recognition in a ﬁ ssion-fusion species.
The increased carbon storage changes with a decrease in phosphorus availability in the organic paddy soil

This study aimed to investigate the effect of organic rice farming on the various forms of inorganic phosphorus, the concentration of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and carbon storage, and the relationship between DOC and P fractions in organic rice farming (ORF). The soil samples were taken from 11 organic plots, and three pseudo-replicates were sampled from individuals of various soil depths. The P-fractions, the soil organic carbon (SOC), DOC, and other soil properties were analyzed by standard methods from soils. The data were analyzed using One-way and Two-way ANOVA and tested using the least significant difference. The results showed that ORF soils had less labile P than conventional rice farming, while ORF had a higher average of DOC, SOC, and C stock than conventional rice soil (P<0.05). Organic fertilizers such as animal manure application and rice straw retention were used for ten years in the ORF. The agricultural practices of ORF would convince the amount of amorphous Fe and Al on soil minerals significantly and would increase the adsorption capacity of the soil mineral surfaces by organic fertilization. The Fe-P fraction responded to the increased adsorption capacity in the ORF and shown along with the DOC and P which were less than in ORF. Both of them were more adsorbed on the surface mineral. Meanwhile, the lower P for nutrient cycling in ORF soil, the lesser the decomposition of DOC and SOC, which then affected the increase of soil C storage.
The Efficiency of the BTR-Pen System in Removing Different Types of Broken Instruments from Root Canals and Its Effect on the Fracture Resistance of Roots

The study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of the BTR-Pen system in removing different types of instrument fragments from root canals and to assess its effect on fracture resistance of the roots after the removal of the instruments. One hundred thirty human teeth were divided into 10 groups (2 control groups and 8 study groups) according to the localization and type of the fractured fragment as well as the retrieval techniques. Broken instruments were extracted either with BTR-Pen system loops or removed using solely ultrasonic tips. The success rate of instrument removal and consumed time were recorded. All the teeth were subjected to a load at a 1 mm/min rate in a universal testing machine for mechanical testing. The success of removing broken instruments using the BTR-Pen and ultrasonic was 86.7% and 83.3%, respectively (p > 0.05). When the time is compared, the BTR-Pen system (23.97 ± 8.35 min) showed similar results to that of the ultrasonic technique (24.1 ± 8.28 min) (p > 0.05). The BTR-Pen group required less force to fracture than the ultrasonic group (p = 0.024). In conclusion, the BTR-Pen and ultrasonic groups showed no significant difference in terms of the success rate and removal time. The roots that underwent instrument removal using the BTR-Pen system had less fracture resistance.
Pylon Design for a Short Range Transport Aircraft with Over-the-Wing Mounted UHBR Engines

Over-the-wing mounted (OWM) engines, together with their design challenges and their potential in terms of aerodynamic benefits and positive installation effects, are investigated with CFD methods. The analysed reference configuration is a new concept of a civil transport aircraft with short take-off and landing characteristics featuring a circulation control supported high lift system. The concept is intended to provide extraordinary airfield performance while meeting low noise standards. The reference aircraft will be firstly analysed in its wing/body layout. Successively, engine and pylon will be integrated and analysed. A description of the pylon design and parametrization will be given. The results of the wing/body/engine/pylon configuration computations will be discussed in order to assess the transonic flow phenomena taking place on the upper wing when an engine is integrated over the wing in cruise condition and the overall impact of the pylon on the flowfield. Particular attention will be reserved to the flow on the pylon, in order to identify aerodynamic characterisitscs, possible flow separations and to evaluate a strategy for an optimization process. The pylon optimization procedure will be described in detail, together with the tools used and the parameters defining the pylon shape. The preliminary results and trends of the Design of Experiment will eventually be discussed in order to provide an outlook on complete optimization scenarios for such configurations.
Pharmacy students’ perceptions and attitudes towards experiential training in Jordan and United Kingdom

Purpose: To examine the quality of pharmaceutical experiential training by developing an experiential training survey. Methods: An online survey was placed on E-learning platforms in Jordan and UK to develop a validated instrument that can assess pharmacy students' perceptions of the experiential program implemented in their curricula. Results: A total of 377 students from Jordan (250 students) and the UK (127 students) completed the survey. Principal component analysis was used to conduct exploratory factor analysis and to assess the factor structure for the data. A two-factor model was applied to the data obtained from the students. These factors included students’ feelings toward experiential training (Perceiver Feelings; PF) and their ability to conduct a full Pharmaceutical Care Plan (PCP). Students from both Jordan and the UK showed a higher satisfaction PF score toward the experiential training program compared to PCP. Being female and not having prior practice experience led to significantly lower PCP scores compared to males and having a prior practice experience, respectively. Conclusion: The availability of a validated questionnaire will help in investigating the effectiveness of experiential training courses. Keywords: Experiential training; Factor Analysis; Survey development; Pharmacy
Examining High-Tech Assistive Technology Use of Students With Visual Impairments

Introduction: “High-tech” assistive technology (AT) plays a critical role in the lives and educational experiences of students with visual impairments (i.e. those who are blind or have low vision). However, little is known about how these students actually use AT within their educational programs. Methods: A survey examining AT use and services among 51 students with visual impairments addressed their personal characteristics, device characteristics, device usage, AT assessment, and AT instruction. In addition, 12 teachers provided perspectives on their district's AT services and policies. Results: Students primarily used commercially available AT to access print. Some variations in use were found between elementary and secondary students. Instruction of devices was highly aligned with students’ device use. Discussion: High-tech AT can meet diverse needs among students with visual impairments. Individualization of AT selection and services remains essential. Implications for Practitioners: Educators should consider AT for a broad range of student needs, promote device use at home, reflect on their instruction, and pursue professional development in this area.