Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Can Estimated Risk and Time Preferences Explain Real-Life Financial Choices?

We combine experimentally elicited preferences with administrative micro data to study actual financial decision-making. Firstly, we estimate risk and (presentbiased) time preferences in a real-life context, with horizons up to 10 years, for a large group of pension fund participants. We estimate a present-bias factor of 0.88, an annual discount rate of 3.91% and a CRRA utility curvature of 0.97. Secondly, using a life-cycle framework, we show that the individually estimated preferences explain actual retirement decisions up to 83% of our sample. Freedom of choice creates annual welfare gains up to 4.8%, but realized welfare gains are lower or even negative.
Theories of Redistribution and Share of Labour Income

The functional and size theories of income distribution are found significant in the context of growing inequality around the world. The causes for the observed patterns on the shares of labour and capital income in classical, neoclassical, Marxian, structuralists or general equilibrium theories are reviewed. Each of these theory is found helpful in in explaining the inequality of in income observed in the OECD, emerging and developing economies. Significant empirical evidence exists for declining labour share as shown by panel data estimation of 127 countries from 1990 to 2011.
Transcriptional Regulation by the NFAT Family in Acute Myeloid Leukaemia

Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a haematological cancer with poor outcomes due to a lack of efficacious targeted therapies. The Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cells (NFAT) family of transcription factors is well characterised as a regulator of the cell cycle and differentiation in the myeloid lineage. Recent evidence has demonstrated that NFAT family members may have roles in regulating AML leukemogenesis and resistance to targeted therapy in myeloid leukaemia. Furthermore, gene expression data from patient samples show that some NFATs are more highly expressed in poorly differentiated AML and after disease relapse, implying that the NFAT family may have roles in specific types of AML. This review outlines the evidence for the role of NFAT in healthy myeloid tissue and explores how NFAT might regulate AML pathogenesis, highlighting the potential to target specific NFAT proteins therapeutically in AML.
Deterministic Intertemporal Price Discrimination

I study the problem of a durable-goods monopolist with commitment who sells to strategic, dynamically arriving buyers. Since buyers are forward-looking, it may seem that the seller should randomize in order to not fully reveal the timing of price reductions. However, when buyer types are single-dimensional and buyer utilities are all risk-neutral, or linear, in price, the seller optimally chooses a deterministic price path, so that buyers know future prices with certainty. This is in contrast to stochastic results for related mechanism design problems and cases when buyers are risk-averse, and provides a justification for pure-strategy pricing used in many models of intertemporal price discrimination. I consider two applications of the framework, one where consumers are all present from the beginning of the market, and one where consumers arrive at a constant rate over time. In the first model, prices decline smoothly and the seller can perfectly separate types. In the second case, prices exhibit smooth and volatile phases, and are cyclical, with regularly-timed price reductions. Buyer types are not perfectly separated in this case, leading the seller to sometimes change price discontinuously.
A state-of-art review on Bladeless Wind Turbine

As a result of continuous depletion of non-renewable energy sources, new methods of harvesting energy are being developed. A unique way of harvesting wind energy, namely Bladeless Wind Turbine (BWT) is discussed in this paper. It differs from conventional turbine by harvesting energy through Vortex Induced Vibration (VIV) which is safe and quiet in operation. It has no bearings, gears or any rotating device hence it has low maintenance cost and high life. The scope of BWT as the renewable energy source varies from offshore to wind farms considering the availability of high intensity winds. BWT is a trio of diverse engineering branches: Electrical Engineering, Fluid Dynamics and Mechanics of Solids that often makes it nonlinear as well as complex. This article includes a basis for vortex-induced vibrations, dynamic modelling, components of BWT and energy harvesting unit. Optimum shape to harvest the energy is outlined in combination with mathematical model of the turbine. Various modes to harness vibrational energy, including different orientations and surface extensions, to widen the operating range and increase performance are covered in the review. This paper is a complete outline of BWT which shows the advancement of technology from VIV to commercially available products.
Research on Large-scale Air-conditioning Loads Participating in Peak Shaving

As a type of the elastic load, the demand-side controllable air-conditioning load can respond to electricity demand based on incentives or electricity prices. By adopting a reasonable control strategy for the optimal combination of controllable air-conditioning load groups, the air-conditioning loads of large-scale buildings can be guided to execute various dispatch commands of the power grid in the best response to electricity consumption. This paper constructs an air-conditioning load model. On this basis, a day-ahead dispatch model of the power grid with the extensive participation of central air-conditioning loads is established. The case shows that the participation of large-scale air-conditioning load in demand response can effectively reduce the peak load and realize the economic operation of the system.
A Framework for Analyzing Road Accidents Using Machine Learning Paradigms

Road Safety is a matter of great concern throughout the world. As number of casualties is increasing more than 4% annually in all age groups. It has been predicted that due to road accidents causality rate will grow around 8% till 2030. It’s entirely admissible and saddening to let citizens get killed in road accidents. As a result, to handle this sort of situation, an in-depth analysis is required. The Data of Road accidents are very heterogeneous in nature so analysis of such type of data is tricky. Segmentation is the main task for analyzing such data. So, K-means clustering method is mainly used for it as proposed in the research work. Second task of this model is to extract the data, images and hidden patterns by using Supervised Machine Learning algorithm that will help to form the policies for the prevention from road accidents. The combination of segmentation machine learning algorithm produces meaning full information.
Implementation of GPSR protocol with various mobility models in VANET Scenario

In Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANET), topology varies very frequently because vehicles move in high speed. VANET is deployed on road. In GPSR Protocol, as the data packets are forwarded depending upon on the beacon information sent by neighboring nodes, which contain the location of neighbors. Hence nodes move in mobile nature as they change their positions. Mobile pattern of node is reflected by Mobility Models, as they characterize the movement of users who are mobile on the road, with respect to their direction, velocity and location over a period of time. Mobility models are practiced in implementation of protocols and the pattern by which the mobility models reflect real world practices of vehicles on the roads. Using simple pattern randomly, graph constrained mobility models are common practices while doing research. These models donot describe mobility of vehicles in realistic manner. For instance while accelerating and decelerating in the presence of nearby vehicles, these situations greatly affect the Network performance. Selecting the mobility model which is realistic one is the main focus of this paper. To address the challenges such as high mobility of vehicle nodes on the road and random topology, VANET needs a suitable mobility model to obtain improved Packet Delivery Ratio, Throughput, End to End Delay etc. This paper first implements the GPSR Protocol and then GPSR is analyzed by applying different mobility models such as Random Way Point, Gauss Markov, Manhattan Grid, Reference Point Group and Random direction. Results are analyzed by taking the following parameters: Routing overhead, Throughput, PDR and End to End Delivery. The implementation is carried out using NS—2.35 and Bonmotion is used to create mobility models.
Performance Evaluation of Novel Convolution Neural Network Architecture for Melanoma Skin Cancer Diagnosis on Different Hardware Processing Units

Skin cancer is one of the major public health concerns among the white population with more than a hundred thousand cases every year. Melanoma is one of the deadliest forms of skin cancer which is responsible for thousands of deaths in US alone in recent years and, therefore, early diagnosis is very important to increase the survival rate of melanoma patients. In last few years’ Deep neural networks have been utilized by researchers to build best models for classifying or diagnosing skin cancer. In this paper Deep neural network-based CNN architectures to classify Melanoma is proposed. The CNN architecture proposed in this work is implemented on CPU, GPU and TPU and the performance of the model is shown on all these platforms. The proposed model is compared to other works done so far for melanoma diagnosis in terms of various performance metrics like prediction accuracy, specifity, sensitivity and it is observed that the proposed models outperformed them. The dataset utilized in training and testing the proposed models is ISIC archive dataset which contains 4750 skin images for two classes i.e. melanoma and benign. The results of our study have proved that utilizing GPU and TPU speeds up the training 38 times faster than CPU and can accelerate the performance of CNN for features extraction, optimization and classification of skin cancer images and the proposed model has outperformed the other models compared with it.
CULTURAL AND NATIONAL FEATURES OF THE LANGUAGE REPRESENTATION OF THE CONCEPT “MONEY” IN THE RUSSIAN AND FRENCH ADVERTISEMENT PRINT TEXTS

The article is devoted to the problem of cultural and national features of the language representation of the concept “money" in the Russian and French languages. The paper deals with the comparative analysis of advertisement print texts containing the various lexical units of the concept “money". The representation of the given concept confirms considerable differences of peripheral layers caused by a national and cultural, social and economic background.
A bifunctional NiCoP-based core/shell cocatalyst to promote separate photocatalytic hydrogen and oxygen generation over graphitic carbon nitride

Developing suitable cocatalysts is crucial to promoting photocatalytic hydrogen and oxygen generation using solar energy. Herein, non-precious NiCoP-based cocatalysts were synthesized by a facile solid-state phosphorization reaction, and coupled with metal-free graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) for photocatalytic reactions. It was revealed that NiCoP-based nanoparticles exhibited a core/shell structure, where the NiCoP core was surrounded by amorphous-like nickel cobalt phosphate (NiCo–Pi) shell. The detailed spectroscopic and electrochemical studies demonstrated that NiCoP cores behaved as the active sites for the photocatalytic reductive half-reaction, and NiCo–Pi shells could serve as the active sites for the photocatalytic oxidative half-reaction. As a consequence, the improved surface reaction rate through the bifunctional NiCoP-based cocatalyst, as well as the enhanced charge separation efficiency, cooperatively boosted the separate photocatalytic hydrogen and oxygen generation in the presence of appropriate sacrificial reagents. The apparent quantum efficiency for hydrogen generation over the NiCoP@NiCo–Pi/g-C3N4 photocatalyst can reach 9.4% at 420 nm, which is one of the best values for noble-metal-free g-C3N4-based photocatalysts. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of the NiCoP-based cocatalyst to promote both photocatalytic hydrogen and oxygen generation, which is expected to pave a new way to exploit efficient bifunctional cocatalysts for overall water splitting.
Answer to ACP referee 1 August 4 , 2021

This paper explores the impact of several changes to a global chemical transport model on tropospheric ozone, in particular the role of water vapor in chemical kinetics, dry deposition, and natural NOx, isoprene and HONO emissions. The authors have attempted to harmonize their study under the theme of ‘weatherdriven processes on tropospheric ozone’, but their attempt fails. Not only are processes tied to meteorology in rather crude ways (which my main complaint is that the paper does not acknowledge), but the focus on annual and summer average global distributions is inconsistent with the theme of furthering understanding of the impact of weather-driven processes on ozone. The paper, including the background and motivation, lacks focus and direction, and often does not reflect current knowledge (including current understanding of processes examined). In particular, the papers referenced are often inappropriate, and the knowledge base cited is incomplete. In theory, this paper is much more suitable for Geoscientific Model Development, but needs substantial improvement, new analysis, and reframing, including clear articulation of what we are learning, before publication anywhere.
Comment 47 : S 4 : Prior and posterior parameter distributions

Study objectives are not clearly and consistently stated According to the abstract, introduction and conclusion, the study has two main objectives. The first is to propose a top‐down approach to include vegetation change into hydrological models via the root‐ zone storage capacity (l. 4‐5, 575, 581‐583). The second is the quantification of the sensitivity of modelled hydrology to changes in root‐zone storage capacity under climate change and related to that, the testing of the hypothesis that changes will be more pronounced when considering an adapted root‐zone storage (l. 93 ff). Although these two objectives are clearly connected, they are never stated together. The first objective (proof‐of‐concept and methodological aspect) of the study is stressed in the discussion and conclusion, whereas the introduction highlights only the second objective (application and sensitivity analysis). The objectives of the study should be more clearly stated in the introduction and the discussion and conclusion should build on these objectives. Reply 1:
Accelerated Partner Therapy contact tracing intervention for people with chlamydia: the LUSTRUM process evaluation using programme theory

Background Using programme theory we report a process evaluation of Accelerated Partner Therapy (APT) - a novel contact tracing (partner notification) intervention for people with chlamydia as part of the LUSTRUM trial. Methods Following the specification and visualisation of initial programme theory, questions of context dependency, fidelity, and functioning of putative intervention mechanisms were addressed using deductive thematic analysis of qualitative data collected through focus groups and individual interviews with purposively sampled health care professionals (n=34 from ten sites), index patients (n=15), and sex partners who received APT (n=17). Analyses were independent of trial results. Results APT was anticipated to change key interactions and sexual health service organisation to accommodate safe and optimal remote care. APT training and resources transformed key interactions as anticipated. Overall intervention fidelity was good and APT was well-liked by those who delivered and received it. Putative intervention mechanisms worked mostly as expected although those concerned with local implementation sometimes worked counter to expectations. APT and its trial struggled to be implemented at scale across all sites. Considerable pressures drove services to constantly adapt to achieve efficiencies. APT was perceived as time consuming without visible impact on perceived patient numbers in clinic curtailing positive feedback loops driving normalisation. Discussion Using programme theory we show an evidence-based, theoretically informed, overview of how APT worked dynamically within the context of the trial and within UK sexual health services. We find a mixed picture of a well-liked, intuitive, coherent intervention struggling to gain purchase within an already pressured service.
Epidemiology of Endometriosis in Spain and Its Autonomous Communities: A Large, Nationwide Study

A retrospective population-based study aimed to assess the incidence of endometriosis in the general population in Spain and in each of its autonomous communities. The authors used the incidence of diagnosed endometriosis in the minimum basic dataset at discharge in the national hospital discharge registry of Spain. This analysis was carried out with hospital data with a diagnosis of endometriosis (International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 code 617.xx and ICD-10 code N80.xx) and covered the period from 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2017 and a population of 12,775,911 women of reproductive age (15–54 years). The data were then analyzed at the national level and separately for each autonomous community. This nationwide Spanish study estimated the overall incidence of endometriosis among autonomous communities in Spain to be 16.1 per 10,000 women (range, 6.8 to 24). The mean age of the 20,547 women diagnosed with endometriosis during the study period was 36.8 ± 5.4 years. The types (proportions) of endometriosis were uterine (28.4%), tubo-ovarian (35.2%), peritoneal (8.1%), vesical (6.8%) and intestinal (3.2%) endometriosis. Further studies are needed to assess the reasons for the decrease in the observed incidence and for the significant differences in the regional incidence rates of this disease.
Subjective Well-Being and Its Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivational Correlates in High Performance Executives: A Study in Chilean Managers Empirically Revisiting the Bifactor Model

This study analyzes the relationship between work satisfaction, family satisfaction, and general well-being in high performance managers in Santiago, Chile. The importance of the satisfaction of intrinsic and extrinsic needs and motivations was examined to advance in the development of a positive organizational psychology, which investigates the factors that reinforce well-being. Seventy-five executives from large and medium-sized companies were surveyed and 8 in-depth interviews were carried out. The main predictors of well-being are, from family satisfaction, the family’s ability to cope with stress and, from work satisfaction, extrinsic aspects such as material conditions of the job and stability, and intrinsic aspects such as recognition and the ability to organize one’s own work. The more general regression model shows that extrinsic job and family satisfaction predict general well-being, not intrinsic satisfaction. The results are discussed in the framework of classical models of motivation, such as Herzberg’s, their relationship to Deci and Ryan’s self-determination theory, and the current study of well-being in organizations.
Motivation and Behaviour Change in Parkrun Participants in the Western Cape Province, South Africa

Mass participation events are promoted in South Africa as a positive public health initiative. Parkrun has grown to be one of the most popular. The present study identifies the motives of residents in the Western Cape Province to join parkrun and how their involvement influences future physical activity levels. Participants (N = 1787) completed a survey consisting of demographic history, parkrun participation history, motivations for participation, and physical activity-related behaviour changes associated with parkrun participation. The majority of participants were female (n = 952) and over 50 years of age (median = 50; IQR = 38–59). Along with health-related benefits, the provision of a safe and organised event was reported as a key motive to participate. The social connectedness developed by parkrun encouraged continued participation and promoted uptake of more physical activity. Close to half the participants reported increases in physical activity levels after joining parkrun, which demonstrates the benefit obtained from participation in structured mass participation events. With the large diversity in socioeconomic status in South Africa related to physical activity levels, parkrun provides a protected and engaging environment that provides opportunity for increased physical activity and potentially reducing the burden on the healthcare system.
Association between First Sexual Intercourse and Sexual Violence Victimization, Symptoms of Depression, and Suicidal Behaviors among Adolescents in the United States: Findings from 2017 and 2019 National Youth Risk Behavior Survey

The objective of this study was to investigate the association between first sexual intercourse and sexual violence victimization, symptoms of depression, and suicidal ideation among sexually active adolescents in the United States. Data for this study came from the U.S. 2017 and 2019 iterations of the National Youth Risk Behavior Survey. An analytic sample of 6252 adolescents aged 14–18 years old (49.5% female) who reported ever having sexual intercourse was analyzed using Poisson regression. The outcome variables investigated in this study were sexual violence victimization, symptoms of depression, suicidal ideation, a suicide plan, and suicide attempts, and the main explanatory variables were age at first sexual intercourse and forced sexual intercourse. We also analyzed differences by gender and race. Of the 6252 adolescents who reported ever having sexual intercourse, 7.1% had their first sexual intercourse before age 13, and 14.8% experienced forced sexual intercourse. About 16% of adolescents experienced sexual violence during the past year, 42.6% reported symptoms of depression, 23.9% experienced suicidal ideation, 19.3% made a suicide plan, and 11.1% attempted suicide during the past year. In the regression analysis, early sexual intercourse was significantly and positively associated with suicidal ideation (relative risk (RR) = 1.15, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.02–1.30), suicide plan (RR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.00–1.38), and suicide attempts (RR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.15–1.61). Controlling for the effects of covariates, history of forced sexual intercourse was positively associated with the five outcomes examined with the relative risk ranging between 1.59 and 6.01. Findings of this study suggest that history of early or forced sexual intercourse is associated with poor mental health outcomes among adolescents and underscores the importance of developing interventions that offer psychological support in reducing the adverse impact of early sexual intercourse and forced sexual intercourse on adolescent health.