Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Should (Co)jump variation be included in asset allocation?

ABSTRACT This study explores whether to introduce jump variation into asset allocation. Using the high-frequency data of constituents of the Dow Jones Industrial(DJI) 30 index, we construct global minimum variance portfolios based on two different covariation estimators: pre-averaged and pre-averaged truncated Hayashi-Yoshida estimators (PAYHE and PATHYE, respectively). By comparing the performance of two different portfolios consider jump or not, we find that eliminating jump variation yields a significantly higher Sharpe ratio, and results in a lower turnover and superior positions compared to incorporating the jump variation. Thesve improvements are also reflected in economic gains, and the huge economic gain mainly comes from the reduction in turnover.
Imaging diagnosis of lumbar foraminal stenosis in the fifth lumbar nerve root: reliability and reproducibility of T1-weighted three-dimensional lumbar MRI.

Background Various magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques have been reported in detection of lumbar foraminal stenosis (LFS), especially for T2-weighted three-dimensional MRI (3D-MRI) describing the shape of nerve roots. The detection of LFS in the fifth lumbar nerve root (L5 root), however, is still less reliable compared to other lumbar nerve roots. Then we have been using T1-weighted 3D-MRI aiming to depict the shape of, and also pathology affecting the L5 root. The aim of this study is to evaluate our T1-weighted 3D-MRI in diagnosing LFS of the L5 root. Methods This retrospective study included 24 patients with intracanal stenosis (ICS) at L4-5, and 30 patients with LFS at L5-S causing unilateral L5 root lesion. The pre-operative T1-weighted 3D-MRI aiming bilateral L5 nerve roots of each patient were blinded and reviewed twice by five spine surgeons, independently. The image evaluation was performed in two conditions: (I) the symptomatic side was judged in 30 patients of LFS patients, and (II) the symptomatic side or the absence of LFS was judged in images of all the 54 patients including LFS and ICS patients. The correct-answer-rate, sensitivity and specificity of the imaging study were calculated. Also, the intra- and interobserver agreement of the imaging study by five spine surgeons were evaluated by the kappa (κ) statistics. Results For conditions (I) and (II) above, the mean correct-answer-rate was 92.3% and 69.8%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the imaging study was 72.6% and 66.3%, respectively. The average of intraobserver κ-value of five examiners was 0.874 and 0.708, and the average of interobserver κ-value was 0.837 and 0.578, respectively. Conclusions As well as previously reported T2-weighted 3D-MRI, our T1-weighted 3D-MRI was found to be reliable in diagnosing LFS of the L5 root.
Optimized Sensors Network and Dynamical Maps for Monitoring Traffic Noise in a Large Urban Zone

We review a Dynamap European Life project whose main scope was the design, commissioning, and actual implementation of “real-time” acoustic maps in a district of the city of Milan (District 9, or Z9, composed of about 2000 road stretches), by employing a small number of noise monitoring stations within the urban zone. Dynamap is based on the idea of finding suitable sets of roads displaying similar daily traffic noise behavior, so that one can group them together into single dynamical noise maps. The Dynamap sensor network has been built upon twenty-four monitoring stations, which have been permanently installed in appropriate locations within the pilot zone Z9, by associating four sensors to each one of the six group of roads considered. In order to decide which road stretches belong to a group, a non-acoustic parameter is used, which is obtained from a traffic flow model of the city, developed and tested over the years by the “Enviroment, Mobility and Territory Agency” of Milan (EMTA). The fundamental predictive equation of Dynamap, for the local equivalent noise level at a given site, can be built by using real-time data provided by the monitoring sensors. In addition, the corresponding contributions of six static traffic noise maps, associated with the six group of roads, are required. The static noise maps can be calculated from the Cadna noise model, based on EMTA road traffic data referred to the ‘rush-hour’ (8:00–9:00 a.m.), when the road traffic flow is maximum and the model most accurate. A further analysis of road traffic noise measurements, performed over the whole city of Milan, has provided a more accurate description of road traffic noise behavior by using a clustering approach. It is found that essentially just two mean cluster hourly noise profiles are sufficient to represent the noise profile at any site location within the zone. In order words, one can use the 24 monitoring stations data to estimate the local noise variations at a single site in real time. The different steps in the construction of the network are described in detail, and several validation tests are presented in support of the Dynamap performance, leading to an overall error of about 3 dB. The present work ends with a discussion of how to improve the design of the network further, based on the calculation of the cross-correlations between monitoring stations’ noise data.
Characterization of the hidden break in giant clam 28S ribosomal RNA

The molluscan 28S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) naturally cleaves into two fragments of similar size as 18S rRNA. This phenomenon, known as the hidden break, has been described in many other protostome species. Here, we characterize the 28S rRNA hidden break region in seven giant clam species, Tridacna gigas , T. derasa , T. maxima , T. noae , T. crocea , Hippopus hippopus and H. porcellanus . We conﬁrm that the break consistently occurs in giant clams and is observed in all tissues and developmental stages. The region of the giant clam 28S rRNA break is located at a position homologous to the well-characterized 28S rRNA break in insects. High AU content and a stem–loop secondary structure in the region may contribute to fragmentation of the 28S rRNA molecule. An awareness of the existence of the hidden break in molluscs, such as the giant clams, which are emerging systems for understanding how environmental change affects life in the ocean, will facilitate progress of RNA sequencing-based analyses that currently rely on standard RNA proﬁles as a measure of sample integrity.
Viewing challenging art lends meaning to life by stimulating integrative complexity

ABSTRACT What is the psychological value of consuming art? Four experiments tested whether and how art can lend meaning to life. This research relies on a rudimentary distinction between low art (presenting familiar objects in a simple, straightforward manner) and high art (presenting the same familiar objects with a dose of complexity). We predicted and found that high (vs. low) art elevates the sense that life has meaning, because it stimulates integrative complexity, a cognitive process in which disparate information is combined into unified, coherent representations. These integrated thoughts pique interest, leading to the sense of life’s meaningfulness. Moreover, the results of two experiments point to the psychological benefits of viewing low (vs. high) art, namely the sense that life is happy. It seems that the relative lack of complex, integrated thoughts stimulated by low art, along with facilitated processing fluency, befits positive feelings about one’s life.
Load flow management in the interconnected power systems using UPFC devices

The deregulation of electricity supply industry has introduced new opportunity for competition to reduce the cost and cut the price. It is a tremendous challenge for utilities to maintain an economical and reliable supply in such an environment. The PFAC program developed by authors to analyze the power flow in power systems with FACTS devices, has been tested on the 220 kV-400 kV network of the Romanian Power Grid. We have taken into consideration several possible scenarios, leading to two types of congestions: the first type is related to nodal power release, and the second to the supply of a deficit area. Simulations prove the fact that in both cases we can regulate power flow so that to reduce and eliminate congestions if we use the UPFC device.
The impact of face masks on emotion recognition performance and perception of threat

Facial emotion recognition is crucial for social interaction. However, in times of a global pandemic, where wearing a face mask covering mouth and nose is widely encouraged to prevent the spread of disease, successful emotion recognition may be challenging. In the current study, we investigated whether emotion recognition, assessed by a validated emotion recognition task, is impaired for faces wearing a mask compared to uncovered faces, in a sample of 790 participants between 18 and 89 years (condition mask vs. original). In two more samples of 395 and 388 participants between 18 and 70 years, we assessed emotion recognition performance for faces that are occluded by something other than a mask, i.e., a bubble as well as only showing the upper part of the faces (condition half vs. bubble). Additionally, perception of threat for faces with and without occlusion was assessed. We found impaired emotion recognition for faces wearing a mask compared to faces without mask, for all emotions tested (anger, fear, happiness, sadness, disgust, neutral). Further, we observed that perception of threat was altered for faces wearing a mask. Upon comparison of the different types of occlusion, we found that, for most emotions and especially for disgust, there seems to be an effect that can be ascribed to the face mask specifically, both for emotion recognition performance and perception of threat. Methodological constraints as well as the importance of wearing a mask despite temporarily compromised social interaction are discussed.
Effects of miR-155 on High Glucose Induced-Cardiac Developmental Defects of Zebrafish Embryos

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is known to have a teratogenic effect on heart development. However, the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. Former studies determined that miR-155 is elevated in GDM patients. Besides, miR-155 is a key molecule for development. In the present study, we explored the potential role of miR-155 in heart development and the effect of miR-155 on high glucose-induced cardiac developmental defects.Methods: Zebrafish embryos were exposed to 2% D-Glucose in a fluctuating manner. Activators or inhibitors of miR-155, Ets1, and Igf1 were injected into one-cell stage embryos. The expression levels of miR-155, Ets1 and cardiac specific genes were evaluated by real-time PCR. The regulation of Igf1 by Ets1 was examined using luciferase assays. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were analyzed by DCFH-DA. Proteins involved in Igf1 pathway were detected by western blot analysis. Maternal serum miR-155 was determined using ELISA. Fetal cardiac structural and functional characteristics in diabetic or healthy pregnancies were performed by echocardiography.Results: miR-155 levels are increased in serum from GDM patients and are correlated with fetal cardiac structural changes. High glucose exposure in zebrafish embryos altered the morphology of the heart, impaired the heart function, and increased the expression of miR-155 as well as cardiac specific genes. Upregulation of miR-155 activated Igf1-Akt-Gsk3β pathway by targeting Ets1 and increased the production of ROS and may thereby exert teratogenic effect on cardiac development. In addition, knockdown of miR-155 blocked Igf1 survival pathway and induced apoptosis and may thus induced zebrafish cardiac developmental defects.Conclusion: miR-155 is a key molecule for heart development and is involved in high glucose-induced cardiac malformation, and it might be a novel biomarker as well as a potential drug target of high glucose-induced cardiac defects.
CAN EDUCATION ENHANCE THE GENERAL TRUST OF INDIVIDUALS?—BASED ON CFPS2018 EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS

Education, as the most important form of human capital investment, has many influences on individual development. In addition to economic benefits, educational investment can improve the general trust of individuals and produce non-economic benefits. In the study of the causal effect of education on general trust, the estimation method of OLS has some problems such as endogeneity. In order to avoid the outcome bias caused by endogenous problems, this paper uses the implementation of compulsory education law as the instrumental variable, and uses the two-stage least squares estimation method to explore the impact of education on individuals' general trust.
The penalty kick accuracy in soccer: A new biomechanical approach

The purpose of this study was to present a practical novel method to calculate the penalty kick accuracy in football. The mathematical advantage considered the ratio of the rectangle goal dimension (1:3) and equalized between horizontal axis as it longer 3 times than the vertical axis. Twelve male soccer players 16 (3) years)), height 174.7 (4.5) cm)), body mass 67.6 (5.5) kg)) volunteered to participate in this study. The players were asked to do penalty kicks where the ball is aimed at the farthest point from the centre of the target portion for shooting. The soccer goal was split into quarters at three different velocities (low, medium, and high) the calculation was conducted two times by height to width ratio (HWR) and the most common method radial error. Kinovea Software 0.8. 27. were used for digitizing. The ICC demonstrated high reliability (r = .99) for digitization at the moment the ball crossed the goal line for the inter and intra-ratter reliability. There was a significant relationship between some kinematics variables of the ball and the accuracy outcome of the HWR method in the four sections of the goal (p < .05).
Bridging the Gap Between Ontology and Lexicon via Class-Specific Association Rules Mined from a Loosely-Parallel Text-Data Corpus

There is a well-known lexical gap between content expressed in the form of natural language (NL) texts and content stored in an RDF knowledge base (KB). For tasks such as Information Extraction (IE), this gap needs to be bridged from NL to KB, so that facts extracted from text can be represented in RDF and can then be added to an RDF KB. For tasks such as Natural Language Generation, this gap needs to be bridged from KB to NL, so that facts stored in an RDF KB can be verbalized and read by humans. In this paper we propose LexExMachina, a new methodology that induces correspondences between lexical elements and KB elements by mining class-specific association rules. As an example of such an association rule, consider the rule that predicts that if the text about a person contains the token "Greek", then this person has the relation nationality to the entity Greece. Another rule predicts that if the text about a settlement contains the token "Greek", then this settlement has the relation country to the entity Greece. Such a rule can help in question answering, as it maps an adjective to the relevant KB terms, and it can help in information extraction from text. We propose and empirically investigate a set of 20 types of class-specific association rules together with different interestingness measures to rank them. We apply our method on a loosely-parallel text-data corpus that consists of data from DBpedia and texts from Wikipedia, and evaluate and provide empirical evidence for the utility of the rules for Question Answering.
A Distributed Temperature Profiling System for Vertically and Laterally Dense Acquisition of Soil and Snow Temperature

Abstract. Measuring soil and snow temperature with high vertical and lateral resolution is critical for advancing the predictive understanding of thermal and hydro-biogeochemical processes that govern the behavior of environmental systems. Vertically resolved soil temperature measurements enable the estimation of soil thermal regimes, freeze/thaw layer thickness, thermal parameters, and heat and/or water fluxes. Similarly, they can be used to capture the snow thickness and the snowpack thermal parameters and fluxes. However, these measurements are challenging to acquire using conventional approaches due to their total cost, their limited vertical resolution, and their large installation footprint. This study presents the development and validation of a novel Distributed Temperature Profiling (DTP) system that addresses these challenges. The system leverages digital temperature sensors to provide unprecedented, finely resolved depth-profiles of temperature measurements with flexibility in system geometry and vertical resolution. The integrated miniaturized logger enables automated data acquisition, management, and wireless transfer. A novel calibration approach adapted to the DTP system confirms the factory-assured sensor accuracy of +/−0.1 °C and enables improving it to +/−0.015 °C. Numerical experiments indicate that, under normal environmental conditions, an additional error of 0.01 % in amplitude and 70 seconds time delay in amplitude for a diurnal period can be expected, owing to the DTP housing. We demonstrate the DTP systems capability at two field sites, one focused on understanding how snow dynamics influence mountainous water resources, and the other focused on understanding how soil properties influence carbon cycling. Results indicate that the DTP system reliably captures the dynamics in snow thickness, and soil freezing and thawing depth, enabling advances in understanding the intensity and timing in surface processes and their impact on subsurface thermal-hydrological regimes. Overall, the DTP system fulfills the needs for data accuracy, minimal power consumption, and low total cost, enabling advances in the multiscale understanding of various cryospheric and hydro-biogeochemical processes.
Social and Racial Justice as Fundamental Goals for the Field of Human Development

Social justice refers to promoting fairness, equality, equity, and rights across multiple aspects of society, including economic, educational, and workforce opportunities. A number of scholars across academia have called for a greater incorporation of social and racial justice approaches to the field of human development and have asserted that social justice constitutes both a theoretical framework as well as a set of hypotheses to investigate and understand the human condition. The emergence, experience, and awareness of social injustice needs to be better understood from a psychological and developmental perspective. Four areas that reflect theoretical changes in human development research are featured in this issue: (a) socialization theories about race; (b) ethnic/racial identity and development; (c) developmental social identity and moral reasoning; and (d) lay theories and social essentialism. Childhood is a period of intense change and development. Human development research is uniquely positioned to promote change that will contribute to challenging social and racial injustice.
Photo-induced Antiferromagnetic-ferromagnetic and Spin-state Transition in GdBaCo2O5.5 Thin Film

Investigation of ultrafast dynamic behaviors can provide novel insights about the coupling mechanisms among multiple degrees of freedom, such as lattice, magnetism and electronic structure, in condensed matters. Here we investigate both the ferromagnetic (FM) and antiferromagnetic (AFM) ultrafast dynamics of a strongly correlated oxide system, GdBaCo2O5.5 thin film by time-resolved x-ray magnetic circular dichroism in reflectivity (XMCDR) and resonant magnetic x-ray diffraction (RMXD). A photo-induced AFM-FM transition characterized by an increase of the transient XMCDR (sensitive to FM order) beyond the unpumped value and a decay of RMXD (sensitive to AFM order) was observed. The photon-energy dependence of the transient XMCDR and reflectivity could be interpreted as a concomitant photo-induced spin-state transition (SST). The AFM-FM transition and SST couple with each other in the time domain, resulting in unusual dynamic behaviors of the magnetism.
A Different Olfactory Perception in Anosmic Patients: Evidence from Functional MRI

Olfactory system is a vital sensory system in mammals, giving them the ability to connect with their environment. Anosmia, or the complete loss of olfaction ability, which could be caused by injuries, is an interesting topic for inspectors with the aim of diagnosing patients. Sniffing test is currently utilized to examine if an individual is suffering from anosmia; however, functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides unique information about the structure and function of the different areas of the human brain, and therefore this noninvasive method could be used as a tool to locate the olfactory-related regions of the brain. In this study, by recruiting 31 healthy and anosmic individuals, we investigated the neural BOLD responses in the olfactory cortices following two odor stimuli, rose and eucalyptus, by using a 3T MR scanner. Comparing the two groups, we observed a network of brain areas being more active in the normal individuals when smelling the odors. In addition, a number of brain areas also showed an activation decline during the odor stimuli, which is hypothesized as a resource allocation deactivation. This study illustrated alterations in the brain activity between the normal individuals and anosmic patients when smelling odors, and could potentially help for a better anosmia diagnosis in the future.
’n Diachroniese benadering tot die ontwikkeling van die progressiewe perifrastiese konstruksies in Afrikaans en Nederlands: ’n Korpusondersoek

Die progressiewe perifrastiese konstruksies in Afrikaans en Nederlands is ’n tema wat heelwat aandag in resente taalkundeliteratuur geniet het. ’n Verskeidenheid sinchroniese studies het die drie ewekniekonstruksies van Afrikaans en Nederlands, naamlik die PREP-, besig-, en CPV-konstruksies al afsonderlik en vergelykend bestudeer, waaronder die vernaamste vergelykende studie die van Breed, Brisard en Verhoeven (2017). Vanuit die literatuur is dit duidelik dat, alhoewel hierdie drie progressiewe perifrastiese konstruksies vormlike ewekniekonstruksies is, daar bepaalde verskille in die gebruike van hierdie konstruksies tussen Afrikaans en Nederlands voorkom. Hierdie artikel poog om die leemte in die huidige literatuur te vul, deur middel van ’n diachroniese studie wat gebruik maak van die Tracing History Trust-korpus (2011) en die Historiese korpus van Standaardafrikaans (2016). Die doel is om vas te stel of en tot watter mate die verskille wat tans tussen die progressiewe konstruksies van Afrikaans en Nederlands bestaan, sigbaar was tydens die 17de, 18de en 20ste eeu.
Are there any links between blood statuses of vitamin B12, B9, and D with depression in the elderly population living in nursing homes? A descriptive-analytical study from Tehran-Iran

Background: Nutritional deficiency has been suggested as a cause of depression in old age. The present study was performed to evaluate statuses of vitamin B12, Folate (vitamin B9), and vitamin D and their associations with depression among the elderly population living in nursing homes in Tehran-Iran. Methods: One-hundred and seventy subjects from 17 randomly selected nursing homes (NH) (Tehran-Iran) were enrolled in the study. Depression, nutritional statuses, history of chronic diseases, dental health, the levels of exposure to sunlight, the level of satisfaction associated with food quality, and NH staff were evaluated for determining possible relations between depression with vitamin B12, Folate, and vitamin D levels. Results: In the present study Folate and vitamin D deficiencies were found in 96% and 56% of subjects. No correlations were observed between depression with vitamin B12 (P=0.47), Folate (P=0.16) and Vitamin D (P=0.24) levels. Conclusion: The results delineate the high prevalence of vitamin deficiencies among elderly nursing home residents; however, no associations were observed between depression and these nutritional factors. Further studies considering other risk factors and more nutritional micronutrients are suggested.