Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Plasma Transport in Toroidally Discontinuous Limiter Generated 3D SOL Configurations of ADITYA Tokamak

The coupled plasma-neutral transport characteristics in the Scrape-Off Layer (SOL) produced by toroidally discontinuous limiter are essentially 3-dimensional and show strong deviation from the usual uniform SOL approximations. In a recently performed second-phase of EMC3-EIRENE plasma transport simulations for the limiter generated SOL of both original Aditya and Aditya Upgrade configurations, a number of aspects related to 3D effects in SOL are addressed [1-2]. The simulated flux balance for the update relevant block-limiter case indicates that with a reduced total recycling flux for equivalent edge plasma conditions, and with the reduction in chamber wall directed cross field particle fluxes, a wider regime of relatively stable plasma conditions might be accessible for the block-limiter configuration [6]. Although a recycling source localized on the limiter surface is used in the present simulations for the simplicity, the mechanism of main chamber recycling process is essentially captured by the present 3D study where the ionization can be significantly higher in the closed field line sections of the SOL having both higher plasma and neutral density at the downstream toroidal locations. This combination of locally enhanced ionization and longer connection lengths is seen responsible for a radially growing perpendicular flux and convex radial density profiles [6]. This effect, found to be dominant in the original ring-limiter configuration, is however seen to yield usual concave radial density profiles in the block-limiter case, indicating that for equivalent wall conditions, the localized wall recycling can be expected less intense in the block-limiter case. In studies on ALCATOR-C-MOD this effects in a 2D divertor SOL setup was observed leading to an enhanced recycling in main chamber and indicated the possibility of an alternate density limit, capable of restricting essential reactor relevant studies in a moderate size device [13]. The present study captures the effect in toroidally discontinuous limiter generated 3D SOL of Aditya tokamak and highlights the capacity of the 3D EMC3-EIRENE simulation to analyze it in the large scale reactor relevant conditions.
Authentication Mechanism Based on Adaptable Context Management Framework for Secure Network Services

A system, which uses context information is a new trend in IT. A lot of researcherscreate frameworks, which collect some data and perform actions based on them. Recently, there havebeen observed more and more different security solutions, in which we can use context. But not eachworks dynamically and ensures a high level of user's quality of experience (QoE). This paper outlineswhat the context information is and shows a secure and user-friendly authentication mechanism for amail box in cloud computing, based on using contextual data.
Outcomes of Collective Action Groups on Facebook: The Roles of Network Relationships and Group Contexts

This study examines the mechanisms of how participation in Facebook collective action groups predicts civic participation and the generation of group impacts. The results from a nationally representative sample in Taiwan showed that group participation was positively associated with civic participation, but only indirectly through perceived tie strength within the group. This indirect relationship was also moderated by the extent to which members coparticipated in other groups on Facebook. Moreover, the results from a second data set (a young adult sample in Taiwan) showed that group participation had both direct and indirect effects on perceived group impacts (internal and external) through perceived network size within the group. The indirect and negative relationship between group participation and perceived external impact was mitigated by the extent to which the groups endeavored to collaborate with other entities.
Expressive languages for path queries over graph-structured data

For many problems arising in the setting of graph querying (such as finding semantic associations in RDF graphs, exact and approximate pattern matching, sequence alignment, etc.), the power of standard languages such as the widely studied conjunctive regular path queries (CRPQs) is insufficient in at least two ways. First, they cannot output paths and second, more crucially, they cannot express relations among paths. We thus propose a class of extended CRPQs, called ECRPQs, which add regular relations on tuples of paths, and allow path variables in the heads of queries. We provide several examples of their usefulness in querying graph structured data, and study their properties. We analyze query evaluation and representation of tuples of paths in the output by means of automata. We present a detailed analysis of data and combined complexity of queries, and consider restrictions that lower the complexity of ECRPQs to that of relational conjunctive queries. We study the containment problem, and look at further extensions with first-order features, and with non-regular relations that express arithmetic properties of paths, based on the lengths and numbers of occurrences of labels.
UvA-DARE (

Humanitarian actors have firmly stated that they have moved on from charity since the 1960s. Instead, they have anchored their work in a notion of justice, rejecting religious differences and colonial ties. Their new focus was on the structural reforms to which the disadvantaged had a right. The analysis of the activities of the agencies which imported fair trade products from the 1960s until the 1980s demonstrates how the purported transition from charity to justice impacted humanitarian action. Despite being important to contemporaries, it does not provide a plausible historical account. Earlier ‘ charitable ’ initiatives did present a transformative impetus. Presuming a transition from charity to justice also fails to acknowledge the continued importance of charitable impulses among activists and their supporters. The changing interplay between charity and justice is crucial to understanding how social justice was defined within a transnational network of activists coming to terms with a postcolonial world.
Single-Cell-Genomics-Facilitated Read Binning of Candidate Phylum EM19 Genomes from Geothermal Spring Metagenomes

ABSTRACT The vast majority of microbial life remains uncatalogued due to the inability to cultivate these organisms in the laboratory. This “microbial dark matter” represents a substantial portion of the tree of life and of the populations that contribute to chemical cycling in many ecosystems. In this work, we leveraged an existing single-cell genomic data set representing the candidate bacterial phylum “Calescamantes” (EM19) to calibrate machine learning algorithms and define metagenomic bins directly from pyrosequencing reads derived from Great Boiling Spring in the U.S. Great Basin. Compared to other assembly-based methods, taxonomic binning with a read-based machine learning approach yielded final assemblies with the highest predicted genome completeness of any method tested. Read-first binning subsequently was used to extract Calescamantes bins from all metagenomes with abundant Calescamantes populations, including metagenomes from Octopus Spring and Bison Pool in Yellowstone National Park and Gongxiaoshe Spring in Yunnan Province, China. Metabolic reconstruction suggests that Calescamantes are heterotrophic, facultative anaerobes, which can utilize oxidized nitrogen sources as terminal electron acceptors for respiration in the absence of oxygen and use proteins as their primary carbon source. Despite their phylogenetic divergence, the geographically separate Calescamantes populations were highly similar in their predicted metabolic capabilities and core gene content, respiring O2, or oxidized nitrogen species for energy conservation in distant but chemically similar hot springs.
Eurographics Symposium on Geometry Processing 2013 Locally Injective Mappings

original texture model original ARAP energy our result our method ARAP positional constraint Figure 1: Popular deformation energies, such as As-Rigid-As-Possible, do not sufficiently penalize element inversion, and " spikes " and " spillages " might occur as a consequence (visualized in yellow). Our method modifies any given deformation energy, such that inversions are infinitely penalized. We derive an efficient numerical method to minimize the modified energy and produce a locally injective mapping of 2D domains (left) and volumetric 3D objects such as Diffusion Surfaces models [TSNI10] (right). Abstract Mappings and deformations are ubiquitous in geometry processing, shape modeling, and animation. Numerous deformation energies have been proposed to tackle problems like mesh parameterization and volumetric deformations. We present an algorithm that modifies any deformation energy to guarantee a locally injective mapping, i.e., without inverted elements. Our formulation can be used to compute continuous planar or volumetric piecewise-linear maps and it uses a barrier term to prevent inverted elements. Differently from previous methods, we carefully design both the barrier term and the associated numerical techniques to be able to provide immediate feedback to the user, enabling interactive manipulation of inversion-free mappings. Stress tests show that our method robustly handles extreme deformations where previous techniques converge very slowly or even fail. We demonstrate that enforcing local injectivity increases fidelity of the results in applications such as shape deformation and parameterization.
Depth Estimation from Camera Image and mmWave Radar Point Cloud

We present a method for inferring dense depth from a camera image and a sparse noisy radar point cloud. We first describe the mechanics behind mmWave radar point cloud formation and the challenges that it poses, i.e. ambiguous elevation and noisy depth and azimuth components that yields incorrect positions when projected onto the image, and how existing works have overlooked these nuances in camera-radar fusion. Our approach is motivated by these mechanics, leading to the design of a network that maps each radar point to the possible surfaces that it may project onto in the image plane. Unlike existing works, we do not process the raw radar point cloud as an erroneous depth map, but query each raw point independently to associate it with likely pixels in the image – yielding a semi-dense radar depth map. To fuse radar depth with an image, we propose a gated fusion scheme that accounts for the confidence scores of the correspondence so that we selectively combine radar and camera embeddings to yield a dense depth map. We test our method on the NuScenes benchmark and show a 10.3% improvement in mean absolute error and a 9.1% improvement in root-mean-square error over the best method. Code: https://github.com/nesl/radar-camera-fusion-depth.
A study on downlink beamforming using block weight in TDD/MC-CDMA

This paper proposes a novel transmit beamforming system at downlink in TDD/MC-CDMA. The proposed system includes transmit weighting and multiplexing schemes based on careful study of the orthogonality of spreading code. Hence, the proposed system can improve the BER performance and the transmission efficiency. On the other hand, the conventional transmit beamforming system degrades the BER performance because of the loss of orthogonality of spreading code due to frequency-selective fading channel. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed system can improve the BER performance compared with the conventional systems.
Evaluating SIMD Compiler-Intrinsics for Database Systems

Modern query engines often use SIMD instructions to speed up query performance. As these instructions are heavily CPU-specific, developers must write multiple variants of the same code to support multiple target platforms such as AVX2, AVX512, and ARM NEON. This process leads to logical code duplication, which is cumbersome, hard to test, and hard to benchmark. In this paper, we make the case for writing less platform-specific SIMD code by leveraging the compiler’s own platform-independent SIMD vector abstraction. This allows developers to write a single code variant for all platforms as with a SIMD library, without the library’s redundant layers of abstraction. Clang and GCC implement the platforms’ SIMD intrinsics on top of their own abstraction, so code written in it is optimized for the underlying vector instructions by the compiler. We conduct four database operation microbenchmarks based on code in real systems on x86 and ARM and show that compiler-intrinsic variants achieve the same or even better performance than platform-intrinsics in most cases. In addition, we completely replace the SIMD library in the state-of-the-art query engine Velox with compiler-intrinsics. Our results show that query engines can achieve the same performance with platform-independent code while requiring significantly less SIMD code and fewer variants.
Towards IEC 61499 Function Blocks Diagrams Verification

After having sketched the different techniques enabling to check properties of Discrete Event Systems control software, we present in this article a formal method for IEC 61499 function blocks diagrams verification. This method is based on a formal representation of the behaviour of function blocks diagrams and takes benefit of verification tools developed from the SIGNAL synchronous language.
Mode Shift Schedule and Control Strategy Design of Multimode Hybrid Powertrain

Power-split hybrid technologies have been transformed from single mode to multimode to realize even greater savings in fuel and more powerful output. However, the optimization procedure of the mode shift map for multimode hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) has not been formalized. In this paper, the types of mode shift are first classified as direct/indirect and conditional/unconditional. The optimal shift path with minimum energy variation for the indirect mode shift is formulated as a shortest path problem and solved by Dijkstra’s algorithm. By taking the energy loss during mode shift into consideration, the method for designing a mode shift map is presented from the perspective of the normalized system efficiency. The derived mode shift map is combined with a novel energy management strategy, referred to as normalized efficiency maximum strategy, to formulate an integrated real-time control strategy for the multimode HEV. Finally, by comparing two other commonly used strategies, dynamic programing and equivalent consumption minimization strategy, the proposed control strategy shows great potential in improving fuel economy while maintaining smooth engine operation, thus leading to better ride comfort of the vehicle.
Surge and destroy : the role of auxin in plant embryogenesis

Introduction The plant hormone auxin was identified originally from the effects it had on modulating plant growth (see Went, 1974). Among the classically studied auxin effects are plant tropic responses (growth toward or away from environmental signals) and apical dominance (repression of branch outgrowth by cells at the shoot tip). Plant growth in response to gravity and light requires asymmetrically distributed auxin across the stem or root. This causes one side to grow more than the other. Similarly, the production of auxin by the 'apically dominant' shoot tip, followed by its transport down through the stem, represses the outgrowth of lateral buds. It has taken longer to recognize and understand the role auxin plays in the development of cell or organ types in the embryo. This is partly because the plant embryo is safely, and for many experimental purposes, inaccessibly, tucked away inside the ovule. It is also because we have had, until recently, a very limited understanding of the molecular mechanisms that underlie auxin action. Despite these difficulties, the profound effects of auxin on in vitro-cultured plant tissues have suggested that auxin had the power not just to regulate growth but also to dictate the fate of a cell. Skoog and Miller's famous experiments showed that the ratio of auxin to cytokinin in the growth medium determined whether roots or shoots developed from cultured cell clusters (Skoog and Miller, 1957). The concentration of auxin in the medium could also be manipulated to cause cultured Zinnia mesophyll cells to develop into xylem cells (Fukuda and Komamine, 1980). In 2000, Geldner and colleagues (Geldner et al., 2000) wrote a short review entitled, 'Is there a role for auxin in early embryogenesis? ' Around that time, researchers were finding that molecules involved in early embryonic development bore similarities to molecules involved in auxin signal transduction. These were the first hints of a molecular mechanism for auxin action in embryonic development. Five years later, the answer to Geldner et al.'s question is an emphatic 'yes'. In this review, we discuss some of the more
Spatial Planning Systems in Western Europe: An Overview

A general trend in our modern society is a growing complexity. It is therefore logical that in most countries there has been a definite tendency to give weight to issues of adapting also the physical space to this complexity and to find methods to do this in an efficient way, giving satisfactory use of land and other natural resources. During the twentieth century we have seen a very active development of legal instruments for this purpose, aimed at steering spatial planning and plan implementation according to the objectives and policies chosen. This book tries to present basic information of how different countries within the chosen area have tried to solve the problem of establishing suitable systems of steering spatial development by means of planning and implementation measures. For this purpose summary descriptions of the connected formal regulations in each country are given in an appendix while a comparative presentation and discussion forms the main text. This will give the interested reader an overview of the current systems in Western Europe, how they have influenced each other but still in many parts differ from each other.
promotes formation of colitis-associated colorectal cancer in mice

Myeloid cells crosstalk with T cells and prevent anti-tumor T cell responses in a STAT3-dependent manner. We investigated the role of STAT3 in myeloid stromal cells of murine autochthonous colorectal cancers (CRCs). Conditional ablation of STAT3 in myeloid cells (STAT3 (cid:168) M ) strongly suppressed formation of Azoxymethane/Dextransulfate (AOM/DSS-induced CRCs. Tumors that succeeded to develop in STAT3 (cid:168) M mice displayed enhanced stromalization with altered composition of stromal immune cells. Transplantation of MC38 tumor cells into STAT3 (cid:168) M host mice indicated that growth of CRCs was preferentially controlled by aberrant T cell activities. Gene expression profiling of autochthonous STAT3 (cid:168) M CRCs demonstrated that aberrant T cell activation was maintained in the tumor stroma and not suppressed by tumor derived factors. Moreover, STAT3 (cid:168) M CRCs displayed profound activation of STAT3, Myc and TGFß signaling in tumor cells whereas NF (cid:539) B/p65 signaling was compromised. These tumor cell-autonomous molecular changes might contribute to editing and immune escape of CRCs. Therefore, targeting these pathways could improve the efficacy of immune therapies and prevent relapse of escaped cancers.
An attempt to assess the impact of climate change on the agricultural sector in FYR Macedonia using an aridity index approach

Considering the scale of global warming, we make an attempt to assess the impact of climate change on Macedonian agriculture. Farmers’ adaptation is taken into account by using an alternative specification of the Ricardian model based on the use of aridity indices to capture the non-linear response of farmland values to temperature and precipitation. Econometric results indicate that winter and spring aridity indices influence unit gross returns of crop farms. A decomposition analysis of aridity indices between temperatures and precipitations results in the derivation or marginal responses of unit gross returns of crop farms to seasonal temperatures and precipitations.
The Effect of Low-Pressure Pneumoperitoneum with Active Evacuation on the Severity of Shoulder Pain in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

10.30699/jambs.31. 146.221 Background & Objective: Although the pain severity following laparoscopic cholecystectomy is generally lower compared to the open method, but some patients may still experience abdominal and shoulder pain for several days after the laparoscopic procedure. Based on recent evidences, pneumoperitoneum using low-pressure carbon dioxide gas can reduce the pain. This study evaluated the feedback on shoulder pain severity from laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients experiencing CO2-pneumoperitoneum. Materials & Methods: 80 laparoscopic cholecystectomy cases were allocated for intervention (n = 40) and control groups (n = 40) randomly. Pneumoperitoneum was done by a direct trocar. Patients’ pain feedback was assessed using the visual pain scale after the surgery. SPSS 21 was used to analyze the collected data. Results: Shoulder pain frequency significantly differed between the two groups at 12 hours (P = 0.048) and 24 hours (P = 0.001) after the surgery. Regarding average shoulder pain severity, the groups showed significant differences after 2, 6, and 24 hours of surgery (P < 0.05). Moreover, pneumoperitoneum duration was different in the groups (P = 0.001). Conclusion: Based on these findings, low pressure of pneumoperitoneum with active evacuation compared to the standard pressure, efficiently reduced shoulder pain intensity. Thus, using low-pressure pneumoperitoneum in laparoscopic cholecystectomy is recommended to relieve postoperative pain.
Bots and Automation over Twitter during the First U.S. Presidential Debate

Bots are social media accounts that automate interaction with other users, and political bots have been particularly active on public policy issues, political crises, and elections. We collected data on bot activity using the major hashtags related to the U.S. Presidential debate. In this brief analysis we find that (1) Twitter traffic on pro-Trump hashtags was roughly double that of the pro-Clinton hashtags, (2) about one third of the pro-Trump twitter traffic was driven by bots and highly automated accounts, compared to one fifth of the pro-Clinton twitter traffic, (3) the significant rise of Twitter traffic around debate time is mostly from real users who generate original tweets using the more neutral hashtags. In short, Twitter is much more actively pro-Trump than pro-Clinton and more of the pro-Trump twitter traffic is driven by bots, but a significant number of (human) users still use Twitter for relatively neutral political expression in critical moments.