Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Historical and predicted variations of baseflow in China's Poyang Lake catchment

Baseflow availability and its contribution to streamflow are critical for planning and management of catchment hydrology and ecology. This study uses a digital filtering technique, statistical methods, and hydrological projection to investigate historical and future baseflow characteristics with respect to climate and land use impacts, exemplified by the large Poyang Lake catchment (China). Digital filtering results show that annual baseflow varied between 25 × 108 and 820 × 108 m3/year for the catchment rivers during 1953–2014. The results reveal that on average 62% of the long‐term streamflow in the catchment is derived from baseflow contribution. Statistics show a generally increasing trend in the annual baseflow and baseflow index (BFI) for most of the rivers over the past 60 years, with the major frequencies varying between 5 and 20 years. Although the trends in baseflow and BFI are attributable to the combined effects of climate and land use change across the catchment, baseflow variations are expected to be more sensitive to climate than land use changes. In general, precipitation plays a dominant role in controlling baseflow and can be used as an indication of the variations in baseflow at the subcatchment scale. Hydrological projection shows that annual baseflow and BFI are likely to increase by up to 31% and 13% during 2018–2035, respectively, based on historical baseflow trends. Our results indicate that management approaches for the catchment that consider groundwater and surface water as a joint resource will be needed to effectively manage the current and future river regime, its water resources, and water quality.
Neisseria gonorrhoeae lipooligosaccharide glycan epitopes recognized by bactericidal IgG antibodies elicited by the meningococcal group B-directed vaccine, MenB-4C

Introduction Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of Neisseria meningitidis in the group B-directed vaccine MenB-4C (BexseroR) protect against infections with Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The immunological basis for protection remains unclear. N. meningitidis OMV vaccines generate human antibodies to N. meningitidis and N. gonorrhoeae lipooligosaccharide (LOS/endotoxin), but the structural specificity of these LOS antibodies is not defined. Methods Ten paired human sera obtained pre- and post-MenB-4C immunization were used in Western blots to probe N. meningitidis and N. gonorrhoeae LOS. Post-MenB-4C sera (7v5, 19v5, and 17v5), representing individual human variability in LOS recognition, were then used to interrogate structurally defined LOSs of N. meningitidis and N. gonorrhoeae strains and mutants and studied in bactericidal assays. Results and discussion Post-MenB-4C sera recognized both N. meningitidis and N. gonorrhoeae LOS species, ~10% of total IgG to gonococcal OMV antigens. N. meningitidis and N. gonorrhoeae LOSs were broadly recognized by post-IgG antibodies, but with individual variability for LOS structures. Deep truncation of LOS, specifically a rfaK mutant without α-, β-, or γ-chain glycosylation, eliminated LOS recognition by all post-vaccine sera. Serum 7v5 IgG antibodies recognized the unsialyated L1 α-chain, and a 3-PEA-HepII or 6-PEA-HepII was part of the conformational epitope. Replacing the 3-PEA on HepII with a 3-Glc blocked 7v5 IgG antibody recognition of N. meningitidis and N. gonorrhoeae LOSs. Serum 19v5 recognized lactoneotetrose (LNT) or L1 LOS-expressing N. meningitidis or N. gonorrhoeae with a minimal α-chain structure of Gal-Glc-HepI (L8), a 3-PEA-HepII or 6-PEA-HepII was again part of the conformational epitope and a 3-Glc-HepII blocked 19v5 antibody binding. Serum 17v5 LOS antibodies recognized LNT or L1 α-chains with a minimal HepI structure of three sugars and no requirement for HepII modifications. These LOS antibodies contributed to the serum bactericidal activity against N. gonorrhoeae. The MenB-4C vaccination elicits bactericidal IgG antibodies to N. gonorrhoeae conformational epitopes involving HepI and HepII glycosylated LOS structures shared between N. meningitidis and N. gonorrhoeae. LOS structures should be considered in next-generation gonococcal vaccine design.
Comparative analysis of the dynamics of indicators of timely detection of malignant neoplasms of the stomach in Ukraine and Bukovyna for 2006-2020

Oncological morbidity usually increases with age, and also depends on gender composition and inequalities in access to specialized medical care. Malignant neoplasms of the stomach (MNS), which affect the population of different countries of the world with different frequency, were no exception. Ukraine belongs to the countries with high morbidity and mortality, and the indicators of survival and the specific weight of detection at different stages indicate the usually late detection of this pathology.The aim of the study is to assess the scale of the problematic situation of morbidity and mortality from malignant neoplasms of the stomach in Ukraine as a whole and in Bukovyna in particular.Material and methods. In the process of research, using system-historical and bibliosemantic methods, data from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine (results of the last population census in 2001 and estimated data for the following years 2002-2021) were processed; National Cancer Registry of Ukraine for the past 15 years (2006-2020) and annual "Reports on malignant neoplasms" (form No. 7) for 2016 and 2020.Results. It was established that in Ukraine during 2007-2020 there was a gradual decrease in the specific weight of cases first detected at the I-II stages, and an increase in the frequency of late diagnosis - at the IV stage, which was especially pronounced in the Chernivtsi region. On the other hand, the share of cases of MNS diagnosed at the IV stage, on the contrary, increased in Ukraine from 30.9% in 2007 to 42.7% in 2020 and even more intensively in the Chernivtsi region - from 29.1% to 52.0%. At the same time, the situation with the timely detection of MNSs began to deteriorate both in the country and in the region. Against the background of established low levels of detection of MNSs during preventive examinations and high percentages of late diagnosis, the mortality rate within a year after detection of the pathology was consistently high. The study proved a strong inverse, reliable relationship between the specific weight of preventive examinations and the percentage of diagnosed cases at the neglected IV stage: rxy=-0.90, p<0.05. Conclusion. Over the past fifteen years in Ukraine, and especially in the Chernivtsi region, there has been deterioration in the indicators of early detection of MNSs among the male population.
Analysis of perception and community participation in forest management at KPHP model unit VII-Hulu Sarolangun, Jambi Province

The concept of forest management at the site level in the form of forest management units (KPH) implemented by the government in an effort to improve forest governance in Indonesia. Forest management must ensure fairness for all stakeholders, especially indigenous and local communities that have been the most marginalized groups. Local communities have become an important part in the efforts to achieve sustainable forest management. Public perception as one of the stakeholders in forest management need to be analyzed to determine their perspectives on the forest. This study aimed to analyze the perception and the level of community participation in forest management activities in KPHP Model Unit VII-Hulu Sarolangun, as well as examine the relationship between these two variables. Perception variables are divided into three categories: good, moderate and bad, while the participation variable is also divided into three categories: high, medium, and low. Data was obtained through semi-structured interviews with the key informants and questionnaires to randomly selected respondents. Statistical analysis was conducted to determine whether there are differences of perception and participation between the two villages and the relationship between perceptions of participation or not. The results showed 90,16 % of people have a good perception and the remaining 9,84% have a moderate perception. In general, community participation is at a low level that is as much as 76,17 % and only 1,55% had a high participation rate. The analysis showed differences in levels of participation between the two villages and there is no relationship between the perception and the level of community participation in forest management. The results of this study can be taken into consideration for KPHP and other stakeholders in forest management policy in the region KPHP.
Marine-Derived Bisindoles for Potent Selective Cancer Drug Discovery and Development

Marine-derived bisindoles exhibit structural diversity and exert anti-cancer influence through multiple mechanisms. Comprehensive research has shown that the development success rate of drugs derived from marine natural products is four times higher than that of other natural derivatives. Currently, there are 20 marine-derived drugs used in clinical practice, with 11 of them demonstrating anti-tumor effects. This article provides a thorough review of recent advancements in anti-tumor exploration involving 167 natural marine bisindole products and their derivatives. Not only has enzastaurin entered clinical practice, but there is also a successfully marketed marine-derived bisindole compound called midostaurin that is used for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. In summary, investigations into the biological activity and clinical progress of marine-derived bisindoles have revealed their remarkable selectivity, minimal toxicity, and efficacy against various cancer cells. Consequently, they exhibit immense potential in the field of anti-tumor drug development, especially in the field of anti-tumor drug resistance. In the future, these compounds may serve as promising leads in the discovery and development of novel cancer therapeutics.
Relation of Serum Bilirubin in Physiological Range with Spot Urine Albumin to Creatinine Ratio and eGFR Among Diabetic Patients with or without Nephropathy

Recent studies have suggested a potential role of bilirubin as an antioxidant to protect diabetic patients from hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress thereby preventing diabetic complications. Diabetic nephropathy is a serious microvascular complication which is determined by increased urinary albumin to creatinine ratio and reduced eGFR. The present work aimed to study the relation of the simple biochemical parameter of serum bilirubin level with the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and spot urine albumin to creatinine ratio in diabetic patients with or without nephropathy. This cross sectional study was done in the department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM) Academy from July 2017 to June 2018. We have taken 63 diabetic patients without nephropathy and 63 diabetic patients with nephropathy.Data about clinical and biochemical parameters (blood pressure, BMI, fasting serum glucose, estimated GFR, serum bilirubin and spot urine ACR etc.) were measured by appropriate methods. We used student’s t test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient to detect the relationship of serum bilirubin with other variables All statistical tests were considered at 5% level of significance. We found diabetic patients with nephropathy have significantly lower serum bilirubin (p<0.001) than diabetic patients without nephropathy (0.46±0.18 and 0.64± 0.21 mg/d respectively). Pearson’s correlation test showed that serum bilirubin positively correlated with eGFR (r=0.312, p=0.013) in diabetic patients with nephropathy. This study concluded that low serum bilirubin level is associated with eGFR in diabetic patients with nephropathy. Bangladesh J Med Biochem 2019; 12(2): 16-22
Hydrogen in titanium alloys

The titanium alloys that offer properties worthy of consideration for fusion reactors are Ti-6Al-4V, Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo-Si (Ti-6242S) and Ti-5Al-6Sn-2Zr-1Mo-Si (Ti-5621S). The Ti-6242S and Ti-5621S are being considered because of their high creep resistance at elevated temperatures of 500/sup 0/C. Also, irradiation tests on these alloys have shown irradiation creep properties comparable to 20% cold worked 316 stainless steel. These alloys would be susceptible to slow strain rate embrittlement if sufficient hydrogen concentrations are obtained. Concentrations greater than 250 to 500 wppm hydrogen and temperatures lower than 100 to 150/sup 0/C are approximate threshold conditions for detrimental effects on tensile properties. Indications are that at the elevated temperature - low hydrogen pressure conditions of the reactors, there would be negligible hydrogen embrittlement.
Handbook of food powders: processes and properties

Many food ingredients are supplied in powdered form, as reducing water content increases shelf life and aids ease of storage, handling and transport. Powder technology is therefore of great importance to the food industry. The Handbook of food powders explores a variety of processes that are involved in the production of food powders, the further processing of these powders and their functional properties. Part one introduces processing and handling technologies for food powders and includes chapters on spray, freeze and drum drying, powder mixing in the production of food powders and safety issues around food powder production processes. Part two focusses on powder properties including surface composition, rehydration and techniques to analyse the particle size of food powders. Finally, part three highlights speciality food powders and includes chapters on dairy powders, fruit and vegetable powders and coating foods with powders. The Handbook of food powders is a standard reference for professionals in the food powder production and handling industries, development and quality control professionals in the food industry using powders in foods, and researchers, scientists and academics interested in the field. Explores the processing and handling technologies in the production of food powders. Examines powder properties, including surface composition, shelf life, and techniques used to examine particle size. Focusses on speciality powders such as dairy, infant formulas, powdered egg, fruit and vegetable, and culinary and speciality products.
Points de vue d’élèves ayant des besoins particuliers et de leurs personnes intervenantes sur un Programme d’activités de plein air

Les élèves ayant des besoins particuliers (EBP) éprouvent des difficultés de participation en éducation physique (Wang, 2019). Les activités de plein air peuvent pallier leurs difficultés par leur effet sur le sentiment d’efficacité personnelle (Russell et Walsh, 2011). Le but de la recherche est de décrire les perceptions d’EBP (n=12) du secondaire et de personnes intervenantes (n=6) sur un Programme d’activités de plein air. Des entrevues semi- dirigées révèlent des propos associés aux expériences vicariantes, aux expériences actives de maitrise et à la persuasion verbale (Bandura, 2007), entre autres, par l’établissement d’un climat émotionnel sécuritaire et aux défis optimaux offerts.
Methodology to Obtain the State Feedback Gains for Lateral Control of the Autonomous Vehicles

This paper introduces a methodology for deriving state feedback gains aimed at enhancing the lateral control of Autonomous Vehicles (AV). Autonomous Vehicles represent a groundbreaking technological advancement falling under the category of intelligent transportation systems. In developed nations, AVs are regarded as a potential solution to mitigate injuries resulting from road accidents. The AV system encompasses three distinct modules: Perception, Reference Generation, and Control. Among these, the Control module plays a pivotal role in ensuring the autonomy of the vehicle. Within the realm of existing literature, various lateral control systems have been documented. However, those relying on state feedback mechanisms have failed to provide a well-defined and systematic methodology for acquiring the requisite control gains. Furthermore, these approaches have not addressed the issue of varying vehicle speeds in the context of gain determination. Hence, the primary objective of this article is to present a comprehensive methodology for the systematic derivation of appropriate control gains for the AV lateral control system. The proposed methodology commences by positioning the system’s poles in accordance with the desired eigenvalues. Subsequently, the system is subjected to different sets of poles. Finally, an in-depth analysis of input and output data is conducted, with the aim of identifying the poles that most effectively minimize system errors.
Research on Optical Remote Sensing Image Target Detection Technique Based on DCH-YOLOv7 Algorithm

Aiming at the YOLO (You Only Look Once) algorithm’s low detection accuracy caused by the complex background environment and large target scale difference in the detection of optical remote sensing images, the Deformable Convolutional Fusion Attention mechanism based DCH-YOLOv7 (Deformable Convolutional Hybrid-YOLOv7) target detection algorithm is proposed in this paper. In this algorithm, deformable convolution is introduced in order to meet the detection of optical remote sensing images with different scale, and at the same time, two modules, PELAN and PMP, are added to effectively improve the network’s ability to accurately localize the target features; secondly, a hybrid attention module (ACmix) is used, which effectively enhances the network’s sensitivity to the small targets and improves the detection accuracy; lastly, the CIoU loss function is replaced by the WIoU loss function, which, through the adjustment of the weights, improves the detection accuracy of the high-quality anchor frames, and reduces the probability of missed and false detection. Finally, experiments were conducted on publicly available datasets, namely DIOR. Experimental results indicate that the DCH-YOLOv7 algorithm achieved an impressive detection accuracy of 90.6% in mAP@0.5, demonstrating a remarkable improvement of 3.1% over YOLOv7. These results demonstrate that DCH-YOLOv7 algorithm has a certain improvement in the effectiveness of target detection in optical remote sensing imagery, and can better cope with the problems of the dense distribution of small targets, the large differences in target scales, and the complex background.
Biofilm Formation, Pyocyanin Production, and Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates from Wounds

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most frequently resistant and dangerous bacteria isolated from infected wounds of patients. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of P. aeruginosa from infected wounds of patients in the Dschang District Hospital to evaluate their antibiotic susceptibility profiles and their ability to swarm and swim and correlate pyocyanin production with biofilm formation. Wound swab samples were collected and the identification of P. aeruginosa was performed using microbiological and biochemical tests. Their antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by the broth microdilution method. Swarming and swimming were determined by measuring the diameters of motility in semisolid/low-viscosity media. Furthermore, pyocyanin production and biofilm formation were evaluated spectrophotometrically using a microtiter plate. The prevalence of P. aeruginosa from infected wounds in our study population was 26%. All P. aeruginosa isolates were resistant to streptomycin and paromomycin, and the frequency of multidrug resistance (MDR) was 65.8%. All P. aeruginosa isolates showed the ability to produce biofilm and pyocyanin. Out of the 37 isolates screened, 19 including the reference strains (51.4%) were strong biofilm producers. A significant positive correlation was observed among biofilm formation, pyocyanin production, and the antibiotic resistance profile of the isolates. Findings from this study suggest that infected wounds could act as a reservoir for MDR and virulent P. aeruginosa. The presence of strong biofilm producers of P. aeruginosa in infected wounds is a serious public health concern. Therefore, surveillance programs to monitor and control MDR P. aeruginosa in these patients are required to prevent their dissemination in hospital settings.
Impactos ecológicos de los árboles exóticos invasores en la estructura y funcionamiento de los ecosistemas fluviales y de ribera

Los impactos ecológicos que producen las especies exóticas invasoras (EEI) suscitan una gran preocupación a nivel mundial. La enorme cantidad de EEI existentes, junto con el elevado coste que implica su erradicación, hace necesario priorizar la gestión de aquellas EEI más perjudiciales. En este sentido, los estudios de impacto suponen una información esencial para ayudar a los gestores en la toma de decisiones. Los ecosistemas riparios son especialmente vulnerables a la invasión por EEI de plantas debido, en parte, a que presentan características favorables, como la disponibilidad de agua o temperaturas más suaves, que benefician tanto a especies nativas como exóticas (Chytrý et al. 2005). Además, la pérdida de la vegetación nativa por la actividad humana deja espacios vacíos que favorecen la entrada de plantas exóticas oportunistas en los ecosistemas riparios. Las plantas exóticas pueden afectar a las propiedades, los procesos y las comunidades presentes tanto en el ecosistema ripario como en el fluvial, a través, por ejemplo, de la caída de diferentes órganos senescentes (de aquí en adelante “hojarasca”) de las plantas exóticas en el agua o en el suelo (Fig. 1).
The Impact of Vitamin D and Its Dietary Supplementation in Breast Cancer Prevention: An Integrative Review

Vitamin D deficiency is currently a significant public health issue closely linked to numerous diseases, such as breast cancer. This study aims to determine the estimated optimal serum levels of vitamin D to have a protective effect against breast cancer, in addition to exploring the biological mechanisms and risk factors involved. A literature search of articles published in the last 5 years was conducted, and simple statistical analyses using mean and standard deviation were performed to calculate the average concentration of vitamin D from different available studies. It has been observed that serum levels of vitamin D ≥ 40.26 ng/mL ± 14.19 ng/mL could exert a protective effect against breast cancer. Additionally, various biological mechanisms, such as those related to the immune system, and risk factors like diet implicated in this relationship were elucidated. Consequently, it can be concluded that proper serum levels of vitamin D may have a protective effect against breast cancer, and dietary supplementation may be an appropriate procedure to achieve these optimal vitamin D concentrations.