Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Player Sex and Playing Surface Are Individual Predictors of Injuries in Professional Soccer Players

Background: The factors contributing to soccer injuries and their influence on the occurrence of injury are controversial and inconclusive. This study aimed to determine the association between player characteristics and playing factors with injuries in professional soccer players. Methods: One hundred and fifty-two professional soccer players completed a self-administered questionnaire that asked about demographic information and injury profile, the type of playing surface on which they sustained their injury, medical treatment, and the time lost due to soccer injury at the end of the soccer season. Results: The injury rate was 44.74% (n = 68; males: 61.50% (n = 56), females: 19.70% (n = 12)). Players’ age (OR: 1.15, 95%CI: 1.05–1.25, p < 0.002) and BMI (OR: 1.21, 95%CI: 1.06–1.38, p < 0.003) were significantly associated with soccer injuries. After adjusting for age and BMI, players’ sex (OR: 5.39, 95%CI: 2.11–13.75, p < 0.001), previous soccer injury (OR: 3.308, 95%CI: 2.307–29.920, p < 0.001), and playing surfaces (OR: 11.07, 95%CI: 4.53–27.03, p < 0.001) were the significant predictors of soccer injuries. Conclusion: Players’ age, BMI, sex, previous soccer injury, and playing surface were associated with injuries among professional soccer players. Old male athletes with high BMI, previous soccer injuries, and playing on natural grass were more likely to sustain soccer injuries than young female players with low BMI who had no previous injuries and played on synthetic surfaces.
Aktivitas Achyranthes Aspera Linn. dalam Menurunkan Kadar Kolesterol dan Glukosa Darah Hewan Uji Resistensi Insulin

Faktor penyebab terbanyak pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 adalah resistensi insulin. Jarong diketahui sebagai tanaman obat yang berdasarkan penelitian sebelumnya terbukti menurunkan kadar kolesterol total, trigliserida, dan glukosa darah, namun belum diketahui dosis efektifnya pada tikus resistensi insulin. Sehingga perlu penelitian lanjutan untuk menentukan efek dan dosis. Tujuan riset ini yaitu menilai aktivitas ekstrak etanol 70% daun jarong dalam menurunkan kadar kolesterol total, trigliserida, glukosa darah, serta Tes Toleransi Glukosa Oral (TTGO) tikus resistensi insulin. Sebanyak 28 ekor hewan uji (4 ekor tiap kelompok) dibagi dalam 7 macam perlakuan, terdiri dari kontrol normal (tidak diinduksi), kelompok negatif (suspensi Na CMC 0,5%), kelompok positif 1 (fenofibrat), kelompok positif 2 (metformin HCl), kelompok ekstrak dosis 250, 500, dan 750 mg/kgBB selama perlakuan 14 hari. Induksi resistensi insulin menggunakan streptozotocin. Kadar trigliserida, kolesterol total, glukosa darah, dan TTGO diukur menggunakan spektrofotometer klinikal. Analisis data dengan oneway ANOVA kemudian uji Tukey. Data menunjukkan ekstrak daun jarong dosis 750 mg/kgBB mampu menurunkan kadar kolesterol total, trigliserida, glukosa darah, dan TTGO dengan persentase penurunan berturut-turut 48,83%, 48,95%, dan 61,31%, serta pada TTGO nilai AUC terkecil yaitu 23.991 mg/dL per menit pada tikus resistensi insulin.
Top-Seeded Solution Growth of Pb[(In1/2Nb1/2),(Mg1/3Nb2/3),Ti]O3 Single Crystals

The crystal growth of relaxor-based ferroelectric single crystals Pb[(In1/2Nb1/2),(Mg1/3Nb2/3),Ti]O3 (PIMNT) was investigated using the top-seeded solution growth (TSSG) method. The concentration of Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3 in a melt was chosen to be 0.24 mole, and that of Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 was changed from 0.36 to 0.42 mole. A mixture of PbO+B2O3 was used as a flax and the melt composition was PIMNT/PbO/B2O3=70/29/1 wt%. The obtained crystals showed that the concentration of Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3 slightly changed but that of Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 increased by about 12%, 0.05 mole, compared to those of the melt. All crystals had a complete perovskite structure. A crystal with a composition of Pb[(In1/2Nb1/2)0.24(Mg1/3Nb2/3)0.43Ti0. 33]O3 was obtained, and its Curie temperature was Tc = 208°C and rhombohedral-to-tetragonal phase transition temperature was Trt = 120°C. A phase diagram for crystal growth near the morphotropic phase boundary mentioned above was obtained.
Five-year LDL-cholesterol trend and its predictors among type 2 diabetes patients in an upper-middle-income country: a retrospective open cohort study

Background Patients with diabetes have increased risks of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and their LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) has to be treated to target to prevent complications. We aim to determine the LDL-C trend and its predictors among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Malaysia. Methods This was a retrospective open cohort study from 2013 to 2017 among T2D patients in public primary health care clinics in Negeri Sembilan state, Malaysia. Linear mixed-effects modelling was conducted to determine the LDL-C trend and its predictors. The LDL-C target for patients without CVD was <2.6 mmol/L, whereas <1.8 mmol/L was targeted for those with CVD. Results Among 18,312 patients, there were more females (55.9%), adults ≥60 years (49.4%), Malays (64.7%), non-smokers (93.6%), and 45.3% had diabetes for <5 years. The overall LDL-C trend reduced by 6.8% from 2.96 to 2.76 mmol/L. In 2017, 16.8% (95% CI: 13.2–21.0) of patients without CVD and 45.8% (95% CI: 44.8–46.8) of patients with CVD achieved their respective LDL-C targets. The predictors for a higher LDL-C trend were younger adults, Malay and Indian ethnicities, females, dyslipidemia, and diabetes treatment with lifestyle modification and insulin. Longer diabetes duration, obesity, hypertension, retinopathy, statin therapy, achievement of HbA1c target and achievement of BP target were independent predictors for a lower LDL-C trend. Conclusions The LDL-C trend has improved, but there are still gaps between actual results and clinical targets. Interventions should be planned and targeted at the high-risk populations to control their LDL-C.
Speech Emotion Recognition Based on Modified ReliefF

As the key of human–computer natural interaction, the research of emotion recognition is of great significance to the development of computer intelligence. In view of the issue that the current emotional feature dimension is too high, which affects the classification performance, this paper proposes a modified ReliefF feature selection algorithm to screen out feature subsets with smaller dimensions and better performance from high-dimensional features to further improve the efficiency and accuracy of emotion recognition. In the modified algorithm, the selection range of random samples is adjusted; the correlation between features is measured by the maximum information coefficient, and the distance measurement method between samples is established based on the correlation. The experimental results on the eNTERFACE’05 and SAVEE speech emotional datasets show that the features filtered based on the modified algorithm significantly reduce the data dimensions and effectively improve the accuracy of emotion recognition.
Neural-network-based simple adaptive control of uncertain multi-input multi-output non-linear systems

An adaptive control scheme based on radial basis function (RBF) neural networks (NNs) has been developed in this study for a class of uncertain multi-input multi-output (MIMO) non-linear systems in block-triangular forms via dynamic surface approach and ‘minimal learning parameters (MLP)’ algorithm. In the algorithm, the RBF NNs are only used to deal with those unstructured system functions, whereas the unknown virtual control gain functions do not need to be estimated. Consequently, the potential controller singularity problem can be overcome. Two key advantages of our scheme are that (i) only one parameter needs to be updated online for each subsystem, and (ii) both problems of ‘dimension curse’ and ‘explosion of complexity’ are avoided. The computational burden has thus been greatly reduced. It is proved via Lyapunov stability theory that all signals in the interconnected closed-loop system are semi-globally uniformly ultimately bounded (SGUUB) and the tracking errors converge to a small neighbourhood around zero. Finally, the simulation results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
The White Dwarf Cooling Sequence of the Globular Cluster Messier 4

We present the white dwarf sequence of the globular cluster M4, based on a 123 orbit Hubble Space Telescope exposure, with a limiting magnitude of V ~ 30 and I ~ 28. The white dwarf luminosity function rises sharply for I > 25.5, consistent with the behavior expected for a burst population. The white dwarfs of M4 extend to approximately 2.5 mag fainter than the peak of the local Galactic disk white dwarf luminosity function. This demonstrates a clear and significant age difference between the Galactic disk and the halo globular cluster M4. Using the same standard white dwarf models to fit each luminosity function yields ages of 7.3 ± 1.5 Gyr for the disk and 12.7 ± 0.7 Gyr for M4 (2 σ statistical errors).
The Role of Leadership Style on Evaluation Fairness

This study examines the effect of consideration of leadership style on evaluation fairness mediated by a combination of financial and non-financial performance measurements and levers of control. This study takes a population of employees who work at companies in the service, trade, and manufacturing sectors. The research location was conducted in the satellite area of Jakarta (Jabodetabek). We used a questionnaire distributed to respondents using the hand delivery systems technique. The data were analyzed and processed using structural equation modeling - partial least square (SEM-PLS) with the Warp-PLS software 3.0. This study shows that managers who use a consideration of leadership style directly affect the fairness of evaluation within the company. This study also shows that this relationship can be mediated by a combination of financial, non-financial performance measures and levers of control. Although, on a partial mediation basis. This research focuses on the relationship between the influence of leadership style consideration on evaluation justice. This study also looks at the role of mediation by a combination of financial, non-financial performance measurement and levers of control, namely: objective diagnostic, interactive objective, subjective diagnostic, and interactive subjective.
The Minimum Number of Points Taking Part in k-Sets in Sets of Unaligned Points

En este trabajo se da un ejemplo de un conjunto de n puntos situados en posicion general, en el que se alcanza el minimo numero de puntos que pueden formar parte de algun k-set para todo k con 1menor que=kmenor quen/2. Se generaliza tambien, a puntos en posicion no general, el resultado de Erdos et al., 1973, sobre el minimo numero de puntos que pueden formar parte de algun k-set. The study of k- sets is a very relevant topic in the research area of computational geometry. The study of the maximum and minimum number of k-sets in sets of points of the plane in general position, specifically, has been developed at great length in the literature. With respect to the maximum number of k-sets, lower bounds for this maximum have been provided by Erdos et al., Edelsbrunner and Welzl, and later by Toth. Dey also stated an upper bound for this maximum number of k-sets. With respect to the minimum number of k-set, this has been stated by Erdos el al. and, independently, by Lovasz et al. In this paper the authors give an example of a set of n points in the plane in general position (no three collinear), in which the minimum number of points that can take part in, at least, a k-set is attained for every k with 1 ≤ k < n/2. The authors also extend Erdos’s result about the minimum number of points in general position which can take part in a k-set to a set of n points not necessarily in general position. That is why this work complements the classic works we have mentioned before.
Fundamentals of the theory of groups

1 Definition and Most Important Subsets of a Group. - 1. Definition of a Group. - 1.1. Axioms. Isomorphism. - 1.2. Examples. - 2. Subgroups. Normal Subgroups. - 2.1. Subgroups. - 2.2. Generating Sets. - 2.3. Cyclic Subgroups. - 2.4. Cosets. - 2.5. Classes of Conjugate Elements. - 3. The Center. The Commutator Subgroup. - 3.1. The Center. - 3.2. The Commutator Subgroup. - 2 Homorphisms. - 4. Homomorphisms and Factors. - 4.1. Definitions. - 4.2. Homomorphism Theorems. - 4.3. Subcartesian Products. - 4.4. Subnormal Series. - 5. Endomorphisms. Automorphisms. - 5.1. Definitions. - 5.2. Invariant Subgroups. - 5.3. Complete Groups. - 6. Extensions by Means of Automorphisms. - 6.1. The Holomorph. - 6.2. Wreath Products. - 3 Abelian Groups. - 7. Free Abelian Groups. Rank. - 7.1. Free Abelian Groups. - 7.2. Rank of an Abelian Group. - 8. Finitely Generated Abelian Groups. - 9. Divisible Abelian Groups. - 10. Periodic Abelian Groups. - 4 Finite Groups. - 11. Sylow p-Subgroups. - 11.1. Sylow's Theorem. - 11.2. An Application to Groups of Order pq. - 11.3. Examples of Sylow p-Subgroups. - 12. Finite Simple Groups. - 12.1. The Alternating Groups. - 12.2. The Projective Special Linear Groups. - 13. Permutation Groups. - 13.1. The Regular Representation. - 13.2. Representations by Permutations of Cosets. - 13.3. Transitivity. Primitivity. - 5 Free Groups and Varieties. - 14. Free Groups. - 14.1. Definition. - 14.2. A Matrix Representation. - 14.3. Subgroups. - 14.4. The Lower Central Series and the Derived Series. - 15. Varieties. - 15.1. Laws and Varieties. - 15.2. An Alternative Approach to Varieties. - 6 Nilpotent Groups. - 16. General Properties and Examples. - 16.1. Definition. - 16.2. General Properties. - 16.3. Nilpotent Groups of Automorphisms. - 17. The Most Important Subclasses. - 17.1. Finite Nilpotent Groups. - 17.2. Finitely Generated Nilpotent Groups. - 17.3. Torsion-Free Nilpotent Groups. - 18. Generalizations of Nilpotency. - 18.1. Local Nilpotence. - 18.2. The Normalizer Condition. - 18.3. The Engel Condition. - 7 Soluble Groups. - 19. General Properties and Examples. - 19.1. Definitions. - 19.2. Soluble Groups Satisfying the Maximal Condition. - 19.3. Soluble Groups Satisfying the Minimal Condition. - 20. Finite Soluble Groups. - 20.1. Hall and Carter Subgroups. - 20.2. On the Complete Reducibility of Representations. - 20.3. A Criterion for Supersolubility. - 21. Soluble Matrix Groups. - 21.1. Almost-Triangularizability. - 21.2. The Polycyclicity of the Soluble Subgroups of GLn(Z). - 21.3. The Embeddability in GLn(Z) of the Holomorph of a Polycyclic Group. - 22. Generalizations of Solubility. - 22.1. Kuros-? ernikov Classes. - 22.2. Examples. - 22.3. The Local Theorem. - Append. - Auxiliary Results from Algebra, Logic and Number Theory. - 23. On Nilpotent Algebras. - 23.1. Nilpotence of Associative and Lie Algebras. - 23.2. Non-Nilpotent Nilalgebras. - 24. Local Theorems of Logic. - 24.1. Algebraic Systems. - 24.2. The Language of the Predicate Calculus. - 24.3. The Local Theorems. - 25. On Algebraic Integers. - Index of Notations for Classical Objects.
IGR J17503–2636: a candidate supergiant fast X-ray transient

The object IGR J17503–2636 is a hard X-ray transient discovered by INTEGRAL on 2018 August 11. This was the first ever reported X-ray emission from this source. Following the discovery, follow-up observations were carried out with Swift, Chandra, NICER, and NuSTAR. Here we report on the analysis of all of these X-ray data and the results obtained. Based on the fast variability in the X-ray domain, the spectral energy distribution in the 0.5–80 keV energy range, and the reported association with a highly reddened OB supergiant at ∼10 kpc, we conclude that IGR J17503–2636 is most likely a relatively faint new member of the supergiant fast X-ray transients. Spectral analysis of the NuSTAR data revealed a broad feature in addition to the typical power-law with exponential roll-over at high energy. This can be modeled either in emission or as a cyclotron scattering feature in absorption. If confirmed by future observations, this feature would indicate that IGR J17503–2636 hosts a strongly magnetized neutron star with B ∼ 2 × 1012 G.
Reconstruction in Time-Bandwidth Compression Systems

Recently it has been shown that the intensity time-bandwidth product of optical signals can be engineered to match that of the data acquisition instrument. In particular, it is possible to slow down an ultrafast signal, resulting in compressed RF bandwidth - a similar benefit to that offered by the Time-Stretch Dispersive Fourier Transform (TS-DFT) - but with reduced temporal record length leading to time-bandwidth compression. The compression is implemented using a warped group delay dispersion leading to non-uniform time stretching of the signal's intensity envelope. Decoding requires optical phase retrieval and reconstruction of the input temporal profile, for the case where information of interest is resides in the complex field. In this paper, we present results on the general behavior of the reconstruction process and its dependence on the signal-to-noise ratio. We also discuss the role of chirp in the input signal.
Stabilizing fuzzy controller design for uncertain time-delay systems

The problem of designing a stabilizing fuzzy controller is studied for a class of continuous time-delay systems with norm-bounded time-varying parametric uncertainty. Based on the fuzzy model of the controlled system, sufficient conditions are first derived for the existence of fuzzy controllers, then a design procedure and a parametrized representation of the stabilizing fuzzy controller is given in terms of the feasible solutions to a certain linear matrix inequality.
A consistent view of the samarium hexaboride terminations to resolve the nature of its surface states.

The research effort prompted by the prediction that SmB$_6$ could be the first topological Kondo insulator has produced a wealth of new results, though not all of these seem compatible. A major discrepancy exists between scanning tunneling microscopy / spectroscopy (STM/S) and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES), because the two experimental methods suggest a very different number of terminations of the (100) surface with different properties. Here we tackle this issue in a combined STM/S and ARPES study. We find that two of the well-ordered topographies reported in earlier STM studies can be associated with the crystal terminations identified using photoemission. We further observe a reversal of the STM contrast with bias voltage for one of the topographies. We ascribe this result to a different energy dependence of Sm and B-derived states, and show that it can be used to obtain element specific images of SmB$_6$ and identify which topography belongs to which termination. We finally find STS results to support a modification of the low-energy electronic structure at the surface that has been proposed as the trivial origin of surface metallicity in this material.
Analytical solution to position dependent mass Schrödinger equation

Using a recently developed technique to solve the Schrödinger equation for constant mass, we have studied the regime in which the mass varies with position, i.e. the position-dependent mass Schrödinger equation (PDMSE). We obtained an analytical solution for the PDMSE and applied our approach to study a position dependent mass m(x) particle scattered by a potential . We have also studied the structural analogy between the PDMSE and the two-level atomic system interacting with a classical field.
Microplastic-Free Microcapsules to Encapsulate Health-Promoting Limonene Oil

Fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) industry has long included many appealing essential oils in products to meet consumers’ needs. Among all, the demand for limonene (LM) has recently surged due to its broad-spectrum health benefits, with applications in cosmetic, detergent, and food products. However, LM is extremely volatile, hence has often been encapsulated for a longer shelf-life. To date, mostly non-biodegradable synthetic polymers have been exploited to fabricate the microcapsule shells, and the resulting microcapsules contribute to the accumulation of microplastic in the environment. So far, information on LM-entrapping microcapsules with a natural microplastic-free shell and their mechanism of formation is limited, and there is lack of an in-depth characterisation of their mechanical and adhesive properties, which are crucial for understanding their potential performance at end-use applications. The present research aims towards developing safe microcapsules with a core of LM fabricated via complex coacervation (CC) using gum Arabic (GA) and fungally sourced chitosan (fCh) as shell precursors. The encapsulation efficiency (EE) for LM was quantified by gas chromatography (GC) separation method. The morphology of microcapsules was investigated via bright-field optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, and their mechanical properties were characterised using a micromanipulation technique. Moreover, the adhesive properties of the resulting microcapsules were studied via a bespoke microfluidic device fitted with a polyethylene-terephthalate (PET) substrate and operating at increasingly hydrodynamic shear stress (HSS). Spherical core-shell microcapsules (EE ~45%) with a mean size of 38 ± 2 μm and a relatively smooth surface were obtained. Their mean rupture force and nominal rupture stress were 0.9 ± 0.1 mN and 2.1 ± 0.2 MPa, respectively, which are comparable to those of other microcapsules with synthetic shells, e.g., urea- and melamine-formaldehyde. It was also found that the fCh-GA complexed shell provided promising adhesive properties onto PET films, leading to a microcapsule retention of ~85% and ~60% at low (≤50 mPa) and high shear stress (0.9 Pa), respectively. Interestingly, these values are similar to the adhesion data available in literature for microplastic-based microcapsules, such as melamine-formaldehyde (50–90%). Overall, these findings suggest that microplastics-free microcapsules with a core of oil have been successfully fabricated, and can offer a potential for more sustainable, consumer- and environmentally friendly applications in FMCGs.
Cosmological properties of a class of Λ decaying cosmologies

We investigate some properties of flat cosmological models with a $\Lambda$ term that decreases with time as $\Lambda \propto a^{-m}$ (a is the scale factor and m is a parameter $0\leq m \sim 1$. Models with $\Omega_{m0} > \sim 0.2$ and $m > \sim 1.6$ are in good agreement with the data.
Symmetry breaking in occupation number based slave-particle methods

We describe a theoretical approach for finding spontaneously symmetry-broken electronic phases due to strong electronic interactions when using recently developed slave-particle (slave-boson) approaches based on occupation numbers. We describe why, to date, spontaneous symmetry breaking has proven difficult to achieve in such approaches. We then provide a total-energy based approach for introducing auxiliary symmetry breaking fields into the solution of the slave-particle problem that leads to lowered total energies for symmetry broken phases. We point out that not all slave-particle approaches yield to energy lowering: the slave-particle model being used must explicitly describe the degrees of freedom that break symmetry. Finally, our total energy approach permits us to greatly simplify the formalism used to achieve a self-consistent solution between spinon and slave modes while increasing numerical stability and greatly speeding up the calculations.