Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Female sexual dysfunction: A potential minefield

Female sexual dysfunction (FSD) is a much-neglected aspect of feminine health, especially in patriarchal cultures. We collated data from pertinent published literature on FSD to explore the types, associations, and best possible approach to FSD in the Indian context. We fed search words “female sexual dysfunction,” “sexual health,” “India,” into medical search engines such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Clinical Key, ProQuest, SciVal for locating pertinent articles from which data was synthesized and extracted. Female sexual response is complex and is influenced by physiological, behavioral, social, and cultural factors. The latest Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 criteria classified FSD into female sexual interest/arousal disorder, female orgasmic disorder and genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder, along with categories common to both genders like substance/drug induced and other unspecified subsets. Diagnosis requires detailed and specific history taking and clinical evaluation to rule out comorbidities. Treatment is multifaceted and prolonged, involving pharmacological, psychological, and behavioral therapy in both partners. Almost all Indian studies in this field have small sample sizes and none of the studies focused on FSD as the primary complaint. FSD is still an unexplored field of Indian medicine. Although newer treatment options and techniques are being explored, there is much to achieve. We need to develop culturally suitable questionnaires taking into account the Indian female psyche. Management should be holistic and involve focused liaison clinics, including dermatology, gynecology, psychiatry, clinical psychology, and urology specialties.
Origin and properties of the wetting layer and early evolution of epitaxially strained thin films

We showed that a wetting layer in epitaxially strained thin films, which decreases with increasing lattice mismatch strain, arises due to the variation of nonlinear elastic free energy with film thickness. We calculated how and at what thickness a flat film becomes unstable to perturbations of varying size for films with both isotropic and anisotropic surface tension. We showed that anisotropic surface tension gives rise to a metastable enlarged wetting layer. The perturbation amplitude needed to destabilize this wetting layer decreases with increasing lattice mismatch. We also studied the early evolution of epitaxially strained films. We found that film growth is dependent on the mode of material deposition. The growth of a perturbation in a flat film is found to obey robust scaling relations. These scaling relations differ for isotropic and anisotropic surface tension.
Theta dependence of SU(N) gauge theories

We study the $\theta$ dependence of four-dimensional SU($N$) gauge theories, for $N\geq 3$ and in the large-N limit. We use numerical simulations of the Wilson lattice formulation of gauge theories to compute the first few terms of the expansion of the ground-state energy $F(\theta)$ around $\theta=0$, $F(\theta)-F(0) = A_2 \theta^2 (1 + b_2 \theta^2 + .)$. Our results support Witten's conjecture: $F(\theta)-F(0) = {\cal A} \theta^2 + O(1/N)$ for sufficiently small values of $\theta$, $\theta < \pi$. Indeed we verify that the topological susceptibility has a nonzero large-N limit $\chi_\infty=2 {\cal A}$ with corrections of $O(1/N^2)$, in substantial agreement with the Witten-Veneziano formula which relates $\chi_\infty$ to the $\eta^\prime$ mass. Furthermore, higher order terms in $\theta$ are suppressed; in particular, the $O(\theta^4)$ term $b_2$ (related to the $\eta^\prime - \eta^\prime$ elastic scattering amplitude) turns out to be quite small: $b_2=-0.023(7)$ for N=3, and its absolute value decreases with increasing $N$, consistently with the expectation $b_2=O(1/N^2)$.
The first-year shear catalog of the Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program Survey

We present and characterize the catalog of galaxy shape measurements that will be used for cosmological weak lensing measurements in the Wide layer of the first year of the Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) survey. The catalog covers an area of 136.9 deg$^2$ split into six fields, with a mean $i$-band seeing of $0.58$ arcsec and $5\sigma$ point-source depth of $i\sim 26$. Given conservative galaxy selection criteria for first year science, the depth and excellent image quality results in unweighted and weighted source number densities of 24.6 and 21.8 arcmin$^{-2}$, respectively. We define the requirements for cosmological weak lensing science with this catalog, then focus on characterizing potential systematics in the catalog using a series of internal null tests for problems with point-spread function (PSF) modeling, shear estimation, and other aspects of the image processing. We find that the PSF models narrowly meet requirements for weak lensing science with this catalog, with fractional PSF model size residuals of approximately $0.003$ (requirement: 0.004) and the PSF model shape correlation function $\rho_1 1^\circ$ scales that are sufficiently large as to require mitigation in cosmic shear measurements. Finally, we discuss the dominant systematics and the planned algorithmic changes to reduce them in future data reductions.
Atomic structures and energies of partial dislocations in wurtzite GaN

The atomic structures of 1 /6k2023l partial dislocations delineating the I1 intrinsic basal stacking fault in wurtzite GaN are modelled using an empirical interatomic potential in combination with anisotropic elasticity calculations. Twelve stable configurations are obtained for each polarity, and their core radii, energies, and atomic configurations are given. The 5/7-atom ring core in which the atoms are tetrahedrally coordinated is found energetically favorable among the edge dislocation configurations. For the mixed type partials, 5 /7and 12-atom rings are obtained as low-energy cores, but none of them is found to comprise only tetrahedrally coordinated atoms. Each of them is found energetically favorable under distinct structural conditions.
Multiple plant regeneration from matricular substance released from explants of Citrus jambhiri

Comparative performance of epicotyl-, hypocotyl-, and cotyledonary (Cot) explants for direct organogenesis was evaluated with best response on BAP (3.5 mg/l) + NAA (0.5 mg/l) supplemented MS medium for Cot explants. This differential behaviour can be attributed to diversity and concentration of phytohormone(s), signal phenolics and other compounds. This study identifies the spatio-specific variabilities of these compounds leading to emergence of multiple shoots from explant’s injured regions indicated by formation of foamy-white exudate, ‘matrix’. Topographically, matrix appeared amorphous containing granulation. Further, FT-IR spectra indicated possible presence of woundinduced sugars and phytohormones. Likewise, LC-MS study revealed presence of diverse sugars, phytohormone (PH)/ PH-like and signal compounds. This study illustrates possible interactive roles played by spatial co-localization of these compounds at wounded cut ends of explants for multiple in vitro shoot organogenesis. This study put-forth a novel concept of localized occurrence of multiple primary and secondary metabolites at cut/wounded ends of citrus explants which led to emergence of multiple shoots. These results are promising and could serve the basis for further investigations on various other citrus species for diversity and quantity of various metabolites during in vitro cultivation.
Critical fluctuations in a soliton formation of attractive Bose-Einstein condensates

We employ mean-field, Bogoliubov and many-body theories to study critical fluctuations in the position and momentum of a Bose-Einstein condensate whose translation symmetry is spontaneously broken due to attractive interactions. In a homogeneous system, the many-body ground state of the symmetry-preserving Hamiltonian is very fragile against superposition of low-lying states, while the mean-field theory predicts a stable bright soliton which spontaneously breaks translation symmetry. We show that weak symmetry-breaking perturbations cause the translation-symmetric many-body ground state to cross over to a many-body bright soliton. We argue that the center-of-mass fluctuations in the soliton state arise primarily from the depletion of the condensate to translation modes. We develop an extended mean-field theory to analytically reproduce these results obtained by the exact diagonalization method.
Domain wall propagation in magnetic nanowires by spin-polarized current injection

We demonstrate movement of a head-to-head domain wall through a magnetic nanowire of permalloy (Ni81Fe19) simply by passing an electrical current through the domain wall and without any external magnetic field applied. The effect depends on the sense and magnitude of the electrical current and allows direct propagation of domain walls through complex nanowire shapes, contrary to the case of magnetic-field–induced propagation. The efficiency of this mechanism has been evaluated and the effective force acting on the wall has been found equal to 0.44 × 10−9 N A−1.
Biology helps to construct weighted scale-free networks

In this work we study a simple evolutionary model of bipartite networks whose evolution is based on the duplication of nodes. Using analytical results along with numerical simulation of the model, we show that the above evolutionary model results in weighted scale-free networks. Indeed we find that in the one-mode picture we have weighted networks with scale-free distributions for interesting quantities like the weights, the degrees and the weighted degrees of the nodes and the weights of the edges.
Coordinated Assembly of Brightest Cluster Galaxies

Brightest Cluster Galaxies (BCGs) in massive dark matter halos are shaped by complex merging processes. We present a detailed stellar population analysis in the central region of Abell 3827 at z ∼ 0.1, including five-nucleus galaxies involved in a BCG assembly. Based on deep spectroscopy from the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer, we fit the optical spectra of 13 early-type galaxies (ETGs) in the central 70 kpc of the cluster. The stellar populations in the central R = 1 kpc of these ETGs are old (>6 Gyr). Their [Fe/H] increases with σ⋆ and stellar mass. More importantly, [α/Fe] of galaxies close to the cluster center do not seem to depend on σ⋆ or stellar mass, indicating that the cluster center shapes the [α/Fe]–σ⋆ and [α/Fe]–M⋆ relations differently than other environments where [α/Fe] is observed to increase with increasing σ⋆ or M⋆. Our results reveal the coordinated assembly of BCGs: their building blocks are different from the general low-mass populations by their high [α/Fe] and old ages. Massive galaxies thus grow by accreting preferentially high [α/Fe] and old stellar systems. The radial profiles also bear the imprint of the coordinated assembly. Their declining [Fe/H] and flat [α/Fe] radial profiles confirm that the accreted systems have low metallicity and high [α/Fe] stellar contents.
Metabolism of nitric oxide: NOS3 activation and regulation

European Bioinformatics Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Oregon Health and Science University. The contents of this document may be freely copied and distributed in any media, provided the authors, plus the institutions, are credited, as stated under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License. For more information see our license. This is just an excerpt of a full-length report for this pathway. To access the complete report, please download it at the Reactome Textbook. 18/11/2022
X-Ray Spectroscopic Evidence for Intermediate-Mass Black Holes: Cool Accretion Disks in Two Ultraluminous X-Ray Sources

We have analyzed an XMM-Newton observation of the nearby spiral galaxy NGC 1313, which contains two "ultraluminous" X-ray (ULX) sources. We measure isotropic luminosities of LX = 2.0 × 1040 ergs s-1 and LX = 6.6 × 1039 ergs s-1 for NGC 1313 X-1 and X-2 (0.2-10.0 keV, assuming a distance of 3.7 Mpc). The spectra statistically require soft and hard spectral components to describe the continuum emission; some prior studies of ULX sources have claimed cool soft components with lower statistics. The improvement over several single-component models exceeds the 8 σ level of confidence for X-1; the improvement for X-2 is significant at the 3 σ level. The soft components in these ULX spectra are well fitted by multicolor disk blackbody models with color temperatures of kT ≃ 150 eV. This temperature differs markedly from those commonly measured in the spectra of stellar mass (10 M☉) black holes in their brightest states (kT ≃ 1 keV). It is expected that the temperature of an accretion disk orbiting a black hole should decrease with increasing black hole mass. If the soft components we measure are due to emission from the inner region of an accretion disk, and disks extend close to the innermost stable circular orbit at the accretion rates being probed, the low color temperatures may be interpreted as spectroscopic evidence of black holes with intermediate masses: MBH ≃ 103 M☉. Simple Eddington scaling arguments suggest a minimum mass of MBH ~ 102 M☉. NGC 1313 X-1 and X-2 are found in optical nebulae, which may indicate that anisotropic emission geometries are unlikely to account for the fluxes observed.
R=0 spacetimes and self-dual Lorentzian wormholes

A two-parameter family of spherically symmetric, static Lorentzian wormholes is obtained as the general solution of the equation $\ensuremath{\rho}={\ensuremath{\rho}}_{t}=0,$ where $\ensuremath{\rho}{=T}_{\mathrm{ij}}{u}^{i}{u}^{j},$ ${\ensuremath{\rho}}_{t}{=(T}_{\mathrm{ij}}\ensuremath{-}\frac{1}{2}{\mathrm{Tg}}_{\mathrm{ij}}{)u}^{i}{u}^{j},$ and ${u}^{i}{u}_{i}=\ensuremath{-}1. $ This equation characterizes a class of spacetimes which are ``self-dual'' (in the sense of electrogravity duality). The class includes the Schwarzschild black hole, a family of naked singularities, and a disjoint family of Lorentzian wormholes, all of which have a vanishing scalar curvature $(R=0). $ The properties of these spacetimes are discussed. Using isotropic coordinates we delineate clearly the domains of parameter space for which wormholes, nakedly singular spacetimes and the Schwarzschild black hole can be obtained. A model for the required ``exotic'' stress-energy is discussed, and the notion of traversability for the wormholes is also examined.
Spin-dependent scattering of a domain wall of controlled size

Magnetoresistance measurements in the CPP geometry have been performed on single electrodeposited Co nanowires exchange biased on one side by a sputtered amorphous ${\mathrm{GdCo}}_{1.6}$ layer. This geometry allows the stabilization of a single domain wall in the Co wire, the thickness of which can be controlled by an external magnetic field. Comparing magnetization, resistivity, and magnetoresistance studies of single Co nanowires, of ${\mathrm{GdCo}}_{1.6}$ layers, and of the coupled system, gives evidence for an additional contribution to the magnetoresistance when the domain wall is compressed. This contribution could be interpreted as the spin-dependent scattering within the domain wall when the wall thickness becomes smaller than the spin diffusion length.
SDSS-IV MaNGA: The Roles of AGNs and Dynamical Processes in Star Formation Quenching in Nearby Disk Galaxies

We study how star formation (SF) is quenched in low-redshift disk galaxies with integral-field spectroscopy. We select 131 face-on spiral galaxies with stellar mass greater than 3 × 1010 M⊙, and with spatially resolved spectrum from MaNGA DR13. We subdivide the sample into four groups based on the offset of their global specific star formation rate (SFR) from the star-forming main sequence and stack the radial profiles of stellar mass and SFR. By comparing the stacked profiles of quiescent and star-forming disk galaxies, we find that the decrease of the global SFR is caused by the suppression of SF at all radii, but with a more significant drop from the center to the outer regions following an inside-out pattern. As the global specific SFR decreases, the central stellar mass, the fraction of disk galaxies hosting stellar bars, and active galactic nuclei (AGNs; including both LINERs and Seyferts) all increase, indicating dynamical processes and AGN feedback are possible contributors to the inside-out quenching of SF in the local universe. However, if we include only Seyferts, or AGNs with EW(Hα) > 3 Å, the increasing trend of AGN fraction with decreasing global sSFR disappears. Therefore, if AGN feedback is contributing to quenching, we suspect that it operates in the low-luminosity AGN mode, as indicated by the increasing large bulge mass of the more passive disk galaxies.
Diffuse light scattering dynamics under conditions of electromagnetically induced transparency

We show that under conditions typical of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in an ultracold atomic sample in a magneto-optical trap, a significant portion of the incident probe pulse is transferred into Rayleigh and Raman scattering channels. The light scattered into the Rayleigh channel emerges from the sample with an EIT time delay. We show that a proper description of the probe light propagation in the sample should include, in the diffusion dynamics, a spin polariton generated by the two-photon EIT process. The results have important implications for studies of weak light localization and for manipulation of single and few photon states in ultracold atomic gases.
Quasinormal modes for nonextreme Dp-branes and thermalizations of super-Yang-Mills theories

The nonextreme Dp-brane solutions in type II supergravity (in the near-horizon limit) are expected to be dual to (p+1)-dimensional noncompact supersymmetric Yang-Mills theories at finite temperature. We study the translationally invariant perturbations along the branes in those backgrounds and calculate quasinormal frequencies numerically. These frequencies should determine the thermalization time scales in the dual Yang-Mills theories.
High-channel-count 20  GHz passively mode-locked quantum dot laser directly grown on Si with 41  Tbit/s transmission capacity

Low-cost, small-footprint, highly efficient, and mass-producible on-chip wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) light sources are key components in future silicon electronic and photonic integrated circuits (EPICs), which can fulfill the rapidly increasing bandwidth and lower energy per bit requirements. We present here, for the first time to our knowledge, a low-noise high-channel-count 20 GHz passively mode-locked quantum dot laser grown on a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor compatible on-axis (001) silicon substrate. The laser demonstrates a wide mode-locking regime in the O band. A record low timing jitter value for passively mode-locked semiconductor lasers of 82.7 fs (4–80 MHz) and a narrow RF 3 dB linewidth of 1.8 kHz are measured. The 3 dB optical bandwidth of the comb is 6.1 nm (containing 58 lines, with 80 lines within the 10 dB bandwidth). The integrated average relative intensity noise values of the whole spectrum and a single wavelength channel are −152 dB/Hz and −133 dB/Hz in the frequency range from 10 MHz to 10 GHz, respectively. Utilizing 64 channels, an aggregate total transmission capacity of 4.1 terabits per second is realized by employing a 32 Gbaud Nyquist four-level pulse amplitude modulation format. The demonstrated performance makes the laser a compelling on-chip WDM source for multi-terabit/s optical interconnects in future large-scale silicon EPICs.
BOUND ENTANGLEMENT CAN BE ACTIVATED

Bound entanglement is the noisy entanglement which cannot be distilled to a singlet form. Thus it cannot be used alone for quantum communication purposes. Here we show that, nevertheless, the bound entanglement can be, in a sense, pumped into single pair of free entangled particles. It allows for teleportation via the pair with the fidelity impossible to achieve without support of bound entanglement. The result also suggests that the distillable entanglement may be not additive.
New constraints on the distance duality relation from the local data

The cosmic distance duality relation (DDR), which connects the angular diameter distance and luminosity distance through a simple formula $D_A(z)(1+z)^2/D_L(z)\equiv1$, is an important relation in cosmology. Therefore, testing the validity of DDR is of great importance. In this paper, we test the possible violation of DDR using the available local data including type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), galaxy clusters and baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO). We write the modified DDR as $D_A(z)(1+z)^2/D_L(z)=\eta(z)$, and consider two different parameterizations of $\eta(z)$, namely $\eta_1(z)=1+\eta_0 z$ and $\eta_2(z)=1+\eta_0 z/(1+z)$. The luminosity distance from SNe Ia are compared with the angular diameter distance from galaxy clusters and BAO at the same redshift. Two different cluster data are used here, i.e. elliptical clusters and spherical clusters. The parameter $\eta_0$ is obtained using the Markov chain Monte Carlo methods. It is found that $\eta_0$ can be strictly constrained by the elliptical clusters + BAO data, with the best-fitting values $\eta_0=-0.04\pm 0.12$ and $\eta_0=-0.05\pm 0.22$ for the first and second parametrizations, respectively. However, the spherical clusters + BAO data couldn't strictly constrain $\eta_0$ due to the large intrinsic scatter. In any case studied here, no evidence for the violation of DDR is found.
MODELUNG OF PAN EVAPORATION USING SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINES ALGORITHM

ABSTRACT This paper present results of pan evaporation estimations using Support Vector Machines (SVMs) based approach for the meteorological data from Manasgaon climatic station near Anand Sagar Reservoir, Shegaon. At this station four meteorological variables are measured simultaneously, namely, air temperature, wind speed, sunshine hours and relative humidity. The SVMs architecture involves in using one output parameter (i.e. evaporation) and up to four input parameters representing air temperature, wind speed, sunshine hours and relative humidity. The performance of SVMs approach was compared with multiple linear regression using different combination of meteorological parameters so as to judge the significance of the input parameters in estimating the evaporation. The SVMs algorithm provide good estimation of evaporation with high correlation coefficient along with low Root Mean Square Error. Further, the Scatter Plot between the actual and estimated values of evaporation suggests that most of the values lie within a scatter of ±15%. The findings of this study suggest the usefulness of SVMs algorithm technique in estimating the pan evaporation from reservoirs.