Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cluster-Based Vehicle-to-Everything Model with a Shared Cache

This paper presents an analysis of the effectiveness of the element interaction model in a vehicular ad hoc network (VANET). An analysis of the mathematical model and its numerical solution for the system of boundary device interactions in the traditional configuration of roadside unit (RSU) placement using single- and dual-channel connection between on-board units (OBU) and RSU is given. In addition, the model efficiency is improved using a clustering approach. The efficiency evaluation is based on calculating the percentage of unprocessed requests generated by OBUs during their mobility, the average power consumption and the magnitude of the delay in transmitting and processing the generated requests in the OBU–RSU system. The traditional and cluster models are compared. The results obtained in this paper show that each of the proposed models can be effectively implemented in mobile nodes and will significantly reduce the overall expected query processing time to improve the organization and algorithmic support of VANET. Along with this, it is shown that the developed approach allows for efficient power consumption when combining RSUs into clusters with a shared cache. The novelty of solving the problems is due to the lack of a comprehensive model that allows the distribution and prediction of the parameters and resources of the system for different computational tasks, which is essential when implementing and using V2X technology to solve the problems of complex management of VANET elements.
Numerical analysis for a unified 2 factor model of structural and reduced form types for corporate bonds with fixed discrete coupon

Conditions of stability for explicit finite difference scheme and some results of numerical analysis for a unified 2 factor model of structural and reduced form types for corporate bonds with fixed discrete coupon are provided. It seems to be difficult to get solution formula for PDE model which generalizes Agliardi's structural model [1] for discrete coupon bonds into a unified 2 factor model of structural and reduced form types and we study a numerical analysis for it by explicit finite difference scheme. These equations are parabolic equations with 3 variables and they include mixed derivatives, so the explicit finite difference scheme is not stable in general. We find conditions for the explicit finite difference scheme, in the case that it is stable numerically compute the price of the bond and analyze its credit spread and duration.
Robust position synchronized tracking by a bounded distributed control without velocity measurements

An existing bounded controller for position synchronized tracking without velocity measurements is improved in this paper. To attenuate the effect of uncertainty and disturbance involved in system dynamics, an uncertainty and disturbance estimator (UDE) is embedded in the existing bounded tracker by which the nominal closed-loop system is globally asymptotically stable. Then, the conditions ensuring zero-error tracking for each agent are identified. For the general cases with non-zero tracking errors, we show that the obtained error system is both small-signal L ∞ stable and locally input-to-state stable. Finally, simulation results are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the presented control scheme.
Diversity of 33 Genotypes of Potato Revealed by Simple Sequence Repeats Markers

Genetic diversity analysis is essential for developing newly high-yielding potato varieties along with other important traits. Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) markers can be robust tools to assess the genetic diversity of this plant species because they are abundant in the genome, codominant, and more accurate than morphological markers. This study was carried out to quantify the genetic divergence of 29 elite potato varieties in Indonesia and 4 clones that originated from the United States using the 12 SSR markers and identify the potential genotypes for potato breeding programs. A total of 136 gene alleles were detected from 12 SSR markers. The number of alleles per marker ranged from 2 to 22, with an average value of 12.8. All SSR markers showed Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) of 0.66-0.92, with an average of 0.80, and an average value of genetic diversity of 0.82, indicating their high suitability for potato diversity studies. Clustering and principal coordinate analysis classified 33 genotypes into three groups with a coefficient of similarity of 0.76, indicating their high genetic variability. All clones originating from the United States belonged to the same group and separated from the other genotypes. This study gives an overview of the genetic diversity of the Indonesian potato and provides an initial basis of selection for appropriate parents to assist breeders efficiently in developing newly potato varieties with desired agricultural traits in Indonesia.
Shear-banding in wormlike micelles: Beware of elastic instabilities

We report on the shear banding flow of semidilute and concentrated wormlike micelle systems which have been probed in the recent past using rheology, velocimetry, and small angle neutron scattering techniques. We show that the samples under consideration exhibit unstable shear banding flow due to the development of flow instabilities reminiscent of elastic or inertio-elastic instabilities and turbulence. Evidence for such unstable shear banding flows can be obtained either from direct visualizations, flow visualizations or two-dimensional velocimetry. The presence or not of instabilities on top of shear banding flows cannot be deduced from global rheology and/or 1D velocimetry alone. These flow instabilities are associated with more or less complex flow kinematics and appear to be ubiquitous in the flow of wormlike micelles. Using a pedagogical example, we show that their presence can strongly impact microstructural characterizations of the banded state.
EXPANSION AFTER INFLATION AND REHEATING WITH A CHARGED INFLATON

Homogeneous oscillations of the inflaton after inflation can be unstable to small spatial perturbations even without coupling to other fields. We show that for inflaton potentials∝ |φ|2n near |φ| = 0 and flatter beyond some |φ| = M , the inflaton condensate oscillations can lead to self-resonance, followed by its complete fragmentation. Using detailed numerical simulations, we find that for non-quadratic minima (n > 1), shortly after back-reaction, the equation of state parameter, w → 1/3. If M mPl, radiation domination is established within less than an e-fold of expansion after the end of inflation. In this case self-resonance is efficient and the condensate fragments into transient, localised spherical objects which are unstable and decay, leaving behind them a virialized field with mean kinetic and gradient energies much greater than the potential energy. This end-state yields w = 1/3. When M ∼ mPl we observe slow and steady, self-resonace that can last many e-folds before back-reaction eventually shuts it off, followed by fragmentation and w → 1/3. We provide analytical estimates for the duration to w → 1/3 after inflation, which can be used as an upper bound (under certain assumptions) on the duration of the transition between the inflationary and the radiation dominated states of expansion. This upper bound can reduce uncertainties in CMB observables such as the spectral tilt, ns, and the tensor-to-scalar ratio, r. For quadratic minima (n = 1), w → 0 regardless of the value of M . This is because when M mPl, long-lived oscillons form within an e-fold after inflation, and collectively behave as pressureless dust thereafter. For M ∼ mPl, the self-resonance is inefficient and the condensate remains intact (ignoring long-term gravitational clustering) and keeps oscillating about the quadratic minimum, again implying w = 0. Finally, we discuss the likelihood of (primordial) black hole formation seeded by the oscillons and the unstable spherical objects, as well as the role of the fragmented condensate as a gravitational wave source.
Construction Rules of P3 Penrose Tiling and Its MATLAB Implementation

: Penrose tiling is an example of the two-dimensional quasicrystal tessellation model, which British mathematician Roger Penrose first proposed in 1974. In this paper, we investigate the construction rules of the P3 Penrose tiling in the two-dimensional quasicrystal theoretical model. We successfully generate the first seven generations of complete P3 Penrose tiling using the self-similar transformation method.
Opposite Auxin Dynamics Determine the Gametophytic and Embryogenic Fates of the Microspore

The microspore can follow two different developmental pathways. In vivo microspores follow the gametophytic program to produce pollen grains. In vitro, isolated microspores can be reprogrammed by stress treatments and follow the embryogenic program, producing doubled-haploid embryos. In the present study, we analyzed the dynamics and role of endogenous auxin in microspore development during these two different scenarios, in Brassica napus. We analyzed auxin concentration, cellular accumulation, the expression of the TAA1 auxin biosynthesis gene, and the PIN1-like efflux carrier gene, as well as the effects of inhibiting auxin biosynthesis by kynurenine on microspore embryogenesis. During the gametophytic pathway, auxin levels and TAA1 and PIN1-like expression were high at early stages, in tetrads and tapetum, while they progressively decreased during gametogenesis in both pollen and tapetum cells. In contrast, in microspore embryogenesis, TAA1 and PIN1-like genes were upregulated, and auxin concentration increased from the first embryogenic divisions. Kynurenine treatment decreased both embryogenesis induction and embryo production, indicating that auxin biosynthesis is required for microspore embryogenesis initiation and progression. The findings indicate that auxin exhibits two opposite profiles during these two microspore developmental pathways, which determine the different cell fates of the microspore.
Styrene Monomer Levels in Polystyrene-Packed Dairy Products from the Market versus Simulated Migration Testing

In view of the fact that a specific migration limit (SML) is to be established in the near future for styrene monomer in plastic food contact materials (FCMs), data on the dietary exposure of the European population, as well as sensitive and reliable analytical methodologies to implement compliance testing, are needed. The properties of the substance styrene as well as those of styrenic polymers pose challenges for analysts and their design of experimental migration tests. The aim of this study was to assess the level of styrene in polystyrene (PS)-packed dairy products from supermarkets and compare these values with the results from simulated migration testing. In addition to the conventional food simulant and test conditions described in Regulation (EU) No 10/2011 for refrigerated dairy products (50% ethanol for 10 days at 40 °C), milder simulants and test conditions (10% ethanol and 20% ethanol for 10 days at 40 °C and 20 °C) were investigated. Styrene levels in the investigated foods ranged from 2.8 µg/kg to 22.4 µg/kg. The use of 50% ethanol causes interactions with PS (swelling) that do not occur with dairy products and leads to highly exaggerated migration results. In contrast, testing PS for 10 days at 40 °C with 10% and 20% ethanol leads to higher styrene migration levels than found in real food, which are still conservative but far less extreme. Testing PS for 10 days at 20 °C leads to styrene migration levels that are more comparable to, but still overestimate, those found in real food products stored under refrigerated conditions.
CAUSAL SEM OF MATHEMATICAL COMPETENCES IN TEACHER EDUCATION

In this paper, authors defined mathematical competences in teacher education. The basic objective was to measure the mathematical competence or mathematical knowledge, skills and abilities in mathematical education. Mathematical competences were grouped in following areas: Basic mathematical competences, Arithmetic competences, Functions competences, Combinatory competences, Geometry competences. Statistical set for the research consisted of 80 students from the Faculty of Teacher Education, University of Zagreb, Croatia. Authors had 17 measuring variables together with the evaluated results of described tasks. With statistical set with variables as measured mathematical competences the authors make the causal structural equation model (SEM) of mathematical competences. The authors use free software Tetrad 5.2. 1-3 (Tetrad project 2015). In the results we describe structural equations between the mathematical competitions for students in teacher education. This paper is a result of our previous research on causal modeling of mathematical competences in kindergarten (Tepes at. all. 2013, 2014 and 2015) and in elementary education.
LEDs based video camera pose estimation

For 3D object localization and tracking with multiple cameras the camera poses have to be known within a high precision. The paper evaluates camera pose estimation via a fundamental matrix and via the known object in environment of multiple static cameras. A special feature point extraction technique based on LED (Light Emitting Diodes) point detection and matching has been developed for this purpose. LED point detection has been solved searching local maximums in images and LED point matching has been solved involving patterned time functions for each light source. Emitting LEDs have been used as sources of known reference points instead of typically used feature point extractors like ORB, SIFT, SURF etc. In such a way the robustness of pose estimation has been obtained. Camera pose estimation is signiﬁcant for object localization using the networks with multiple cameras which are going to an play increasingly important role in modern Smart Cities environments.
Interplay between the RNA Chaperone Hfq, Small RNAs and Transcriptional Regulator OmpR Modulates Iron Homeostasis in the Enteropathogen Yersinia enterocolitica

Iron is both essential for and potentially toxic to bacteria, so the precise maintenance of iron homeostasis is necessary for their survival. Our previous study indicated that in the human enteropathogen Yersinia enterocolitica, the regulator OmpR directly controls the transcription of the fur, fecA and fepA genes, encoding the ferric uptake repressor and two transporters of ferric siderophores, respectively. This study was undertaken to determine the significance of the RNA chaperone Hfq and the small RNAs OmrA and RyhB1 in the post-transcriptional control of the expression of these OmpR targets. We show that Hfq silences fur, fecA and fepA expression post-transcriptionally and negatively affects the production of FLAG-tagged Fur, FecA and FepA proteins. In addition, we found that the fur gene is under the negative control of the sRNA RyhB1, while fecA and fepA are negatively regulated by the sRNA OmrA. Finally, our data revealed that the role of OmrA results from a complex interplay of transcriptional and post-transcriptional effects in the feedback circuit between the regulator OmpR and the sRNA OmrA. Thus, the expression of fur, fecA and fepA is subject to complex transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation in order to maintain iron homeostasis in Y. enterocolitica.
Enlarged read window in the asymmetric ITO/HfOx/TiN complementary resistive switch

The narrow read-window of most complementary resistive switches proposed to-date poses a significant challenge to array level implementation, as inherent variations in the set and reset voltages result in an unacceptably small read margin. In this work, we present the asymmetrical ITO/HfOx/TiN complementary resistive switch, with a significantly enlarged positive read window of 1.6 V as compared to the much narrower window of 0.5 V of the symmetrical TiN/HfOx/TiN switch. A read margin of 1.1 V is obtained after accounting for statistical variations, representing a significant improvement over the 0.1 V margin of the symmetrical counterpart. Analyses show that the enlarged read window may be ascribed to two important attributes: (1) the stronger affinity of ITO for oxygen, which leads to a reduced positive set voltage and (2) a larger work function of the ITO, resulting in an increase in the positive reset voltage.
Robust Estimation Using Modified Huber’s Functions With New Tails

ABSTRACT It is traditionally believed that robustness is obtained by sacrificing efficiency. Estimators with high breakdown point and high efficiency are therefore highly desirable. We investigate a new estimation procedure based on Huber’s robust approach, but with tail functions replaced by the exponential squared loss. The tuning parameters are data-dependent to achieve high efficiency even in nonnormal cases. In the regression framework, we show that our hybrid estimator is of high efficiency, reaching the highest asymptotic breakdown point of 50%. We have also established the -consistency and asymptotic normality of our estimator under regularity conditions. Extensive numerical studies are carried out to compare the performances of our method and other existing methods in terms of the standard errors and relative efficiency, and the results reveal that the newly proposed method has smaller standard errors and higher relative efficiency than its competitors when the sample size is sufficiently large. Finally, we present three real examples for demonstration. Supplementary materials for the article are available online.
The “C test” for tritan discrimination

The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a clinical standard capable of generating ordinal measures of monocular tritan discrimination. A novel pseudoisochromatic plate test was developed, called the “C test. ” It contains 10 progressively desaturated plates arranged in perceptually distinct steps that provide a standard for analyzing the threshold for tritan discrimination. The most difficult plate that can be detected is the “C score. ” Relevant diagnostic findings including the C score, Logmar acuity, Pelli-Robson score, and LOCS III lens grading were prospectively recorded in 568 eyes. A total of 355 normal eyes were selected for statistical analysis. The correlations between C score, Logmar acuity, and Pelli-Robson score with LOCS III grading were analyzed with Spearman rank analysis. The strongest correlations were between the Logmar acuity with posterior subcapsular cataract (PSC) (0.68), the C score with nuclear colour (NC) (–0.58), and the Logmar acuity with NC (0.57). The lower normal limit for the C score was 9 in pseudophakes and phakic eyes with NC 3. A comparison of C score distribution between three distinct age ranges of pseudophakic eyes (n = 136) showed no significant variation (P = .486). The Spearman rank correlation between C score and Logmar acuity was 0.028, and between C score and Pelli-Robson score was 0.012. The normal limit for the C score used under 800 Lux is 9 when NC < 3 and 7 when NC = 3 in all age groups.
FACTORS THAT AFFECT EMPLOYMENT DECISION OF FUTURE HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS IN SERBIA

Rising trend of international mobility of healthcare workers, ageing population, new diseases and infections bring many challenges to the national healthcare system. Consequently, it is necessary to pay special attention to the development of the healthcare system, as well as the attraction and retention of healthcare professionals. The aim of this paper is to examine and analyze the key factors that influence the decision-making process of future healthcare professionals regarding employment. 444 participants who are studying or have finished one of the accredited study programs in the Republic of Serbia in the field of medicine participated in the empirical research in the period from 2020 to 2022. The research results showed that three key factors that future healthcare professionals value when deciding on employment are: opportunities for career advancement, opportunities for personal growth and development, and a pleasant work environment. The fourth place was taken by an interesting, significant, and challenging job, while salary is in the fifth place. The optimal functioning of the healthcare system depends on the healthcare professionals, so the obtained results are valuable for leaders, managers, and decision makers in healthcare institutions. They are well-informed to adequately prepare employee value proposition not only for the attraction of healthcare workers, but also for their retention in the long run.
Performance Evaluation of Solar Energy-driven Binary Rankine Cycle under Egyptian Climatic Conditions

The importance of the Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) comes from dealing with low-quality energy sources resulting from many thermodynamic processes. This type of low-level energy source permanently causes heat emissions, global warming, as well as climatic changes in which our world lives today. Re-exploitation of this type of energy contributes to the production of the required energy for various industrial purposes, as well as the production of electrical power. In this paper, the ORC is integrated with the Steam Rankine Cycle (SRC) as a bottoming cycle which can be called, the Binary Rankine Cycle (BRC) to generate 5MW net power. As there are two fluids used in the system, water in the topping cycle and organic fluid in the bottoming cycle. The BRC may utilize solar energy as a heating source. With the increasing need for efficient and low-cost energy solutions, it is essential to understand the thermal performance of a system built in different climates. The performance of the system is carried out and compared with different organic fluids R134a, R245fa, and R1234yf at different steam turbine inlet temperatures, pressures, and back pressures. The study reveals that the R245fa BRC has the best performance followed by the R134af BRC and then the R1234yf BRC. Also, the study aimed to determine the best solar collector area in Aswan
Frequency weighted L2 gain optimisation for improved anti-windup performance

This work presents a method for frequency weighte dL2 gain optimisation in the design of full-order anti-windup compensators according t o the framework developed in Weston and Postlethwaite (2000). This concept provides add itional scope for the tuning of compensators to extract closer tracking performance and/o r the attenuation of undesirable frequency content in the output.
Holographic imageguide display for situational awareness

Creative Microsystems Corporation is developing the Holographic Imageguide Display, or HID, which is a rugged light-weight, sunlight-readable, high-resolution see-through display for augmented or mixed reality which we believe can provide increased situational awareness for many military applications. The display excels in situations where a user must maintain their normal sight (such as shooting a weapon), or when size and weight are a primary consideration (such as behind a night vision device). The display uses holographic technology to display projected images through an imageguide directly to the user’s eye. The system connects to standard image signal inputs and has a small form factor for support electronics. The results are a full-color, low-cost display that can superimpose images onto a user’s field of view. Creative Microsystems has integrated the display into several data and video systems, including geolocated symbology, head trackers, image fusion and augmented/mixed reality for operators, simulations, training and mission command.