Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An examination of historical control histopathology metadata from 51 Amphibian Metamorphosis Assays

Abstract The Amphibian Metamorphosis Assay (AMA) is used to identify substances that potentially interfere with the normal function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis. Although numerous AMA studies have been performed since the establishment of this assay a decade earlier, a comprehensive, large-scale examination of histopathology data obtained from control larvae has not been performed. The current investigation reviewed 51 AMA experiments conducted at 7 different laboratories in Europe and North America. Dilution water control and/or solvent control specimens from each study (1,335 animals total) had been evaluated microscopically by one of eight anatomic pathologists. In order of descending frequency, the most common findings in prometamorphic Xenopus laevis controls were the core criteria of follicular cell (FC) hypertrophy, FC hyperplasia, thyroid hypertrophy, and thyroid atrophy, respectively. Less frequently recorded were non-core and ad hoc diagnoses, the toxicological relevance and utility of which were in some cases uncertain. As anticipated, the prevalence of FC hypertrophy and FC hyperplasia diagnoses were at least partially dependent on the Nieuwkoop and Faber (NF) stage at sacrifice. The recorded frequencies of each of the four core diagnoses also differed according to pathologist, which suggests that pathologist diagnostic interpretation is a potential source of variability across AMA study outcomes. Based on the current examination of the AMA historical data, and further hands-on experience with this assay, diagnostic approaches to evaluating the histopathology endpoint are discussed, and several recommendations are proposed for the refinement of core diagnostic criteria assessment.
Analytical Framework to Regulate Air Emissions from Maritime Transport

Maritime transport activity is becoming one of the most important topics on sustainability debate. Indeed, a part from industrial activity and energy production, maritime transport is the largest contributors to air pollution and the increasing rate of trade make the problem even more worrying. Aim of the report is to design a methodological framework to appraise the policy strategy to regulate air emissions from the ships(air pollutants and green house gases) giving some insights on how to design and to apply policy instruments that should be informed by efficiency and equity principles. The report outlines the state of the art on data, methodologies, air emissions estimations, technological and policy options to design a sectorial environmental policy strategy to regulate air emissions from ships. It gives an overview of the main methods to estimate the air emissions deriving from shipping activities and compares their results to define a reference framework. Particularly attention is done to cost effectiveness analysis of technological and policy options to abate GHG emissions from international maritime transport taking into account the legal regulatory system of this sector, and the main legal and economic constraints to implement a sectorial policy to abate CO2 emissions. The report identifies some future research directions for the methods to estimate air emissions from ships and to design additional policy options applying consumption‐based CO2 quantification.
Human Ear Recognition by Computer (Advances in Pattern Recognition)

Biometrics deals with recognition of individuals based on their physiological or behavioral characteristics. The human ear is a new feature in biometrics that has several merits over the more common face, fingerprint and iris biometrics. Unlike the fingerprint and iris, it can be easily captured from a distance without a fully cooperative subject, although sometimes it may be hidden with hair, scarf and jewellery. Also, unlike a face, the ear is a relatively stable structure that does not change much with the age and facial expressions. Human Ear Recognition by Computer is the first book on the automatic recognition of human ears. It presents an entire range of computational algorithms for recognition of humans by their ears. These algorithms have been tested and validated on the largest databases that are available today. Specific algorithms addressed include: Ear helix/anti-helix based representation Global-to-local registration Ear recognition using helix/anti-helix representation Ear recognition using a new local surface patch representation Efficient ear indexing and recognition Performance prediction for 3D ear recognition Generality and applications in computer vision and pattern recognition This state-of-the-art research reference explores all aspects of 3D ear recognition, including representation, detection, recognition, indexing and performance prediction. It has been written for a professional audience of both researchers and practitioners within industry, and is also ideal as an informative text for graduate students in computer science and engineering. Professor Bir Bhanu has been director of the Visualization and Intelligent Systems Laboratory (at the University of California at Riverside) since 1991 and serves as the founding Director for the Center for Research in Intelligent Systems. He also has considerable experience working within industry and is the successful author of several books. He is a Fellow of IEEE, AAAS, IAPR, SPIE and was a Senior Fellow at Honeywell Inc. Dr. Hui Chen works alongside Professor Bhanu and has worked for Siemens Medical solutions and the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Reflexiones en torno a una experiencia de formación con futuras maestras de Educación Infantil

Este artículo presenta una experiencia de formación realizada con un grupo de futuras maestras de educación infantil sobre resolución de problemas. Se describen de manera general los momentos clave del proceso seguido y se muestra de manera más amplia el desarrollo de una tarea profesional centrada en el análisis de una experiencia escolar de resolución de problemas realizada con niños de 5-6 años. Se constata que las futuras maestras reconocen aspectos clave en la gestión de propuestas escolares que promueven un ambiente investigativo de resolución de problemas. Por otra parte, identifican distintos roles que pueden jugar materiales concretos en el uso de estrategias seguidas por los niños en la resolución de problemas aritméticos.
Genome Chaos, Information Creation, and Cancer Emergence: Searching for New Frameworks on the 50th Anniversary of the “War on Cancer”

The year 2021 marks the 50th anniversary of the National Cancer Act, signed by President Nixon, which declared a national “war on cancer. ” Powered by enormous financial support, this past half-century has witnessed remarkable progress in understanding the individual molecular mechanisms of cancer, primarily through the characterization of cancer genes and the phenotypes associated with their pathways. Despite millions of publications and the overwhelming volume data generated from the Cancer Genome Project, clinical benefits are still lacking. In fact, the massive, diverse data also unexpectedly challenge the current somatic gene mutation theory of cancer, as well as the initial rationales behind sequencing so many cancer samples. Therefore, what should we do next? Should we continue to sequence more samples and push for further molecular characterizations, or should we take a moment to pause and think about the biological meaning of the data we have, integrating new ideas in cancer biology? On this special anniversary, we implore that it is time for the latter. We review the Genome Architecture Theory, an alternative conceptual framework that departs from gene-based theories. Specifically, we discuss the relationship between genes, genomes, and information-based platforms for future cancer research. This discussion will reinforce some newly proposed concepts that are essential for advancing cancer research, including two-phased cancer evolution (which reconciles evolutionary contributions from karyotypes and genes), stress-induced genome chaos (which creates new system information essential for macroevolution), the evolutionary mechanism of cancer (which unifies diverse molecular mechanisms to create new karyotype coding during evolution), and cellular adaptation and cancer emergence (which explains why cancer exists in the first place). We hope that these ideas will usher in new genomic and evolutionary conceptual frameworks and strategies for the next 50 years of cancer research.
Study of Intra Ocular Pressure Changes after Isometric Handgrip Exercise Test in Young Adults

Objective: ToStudy the effect of isometric handgrip exercise test on Intra ocular pressure in young adults Method: Healthy young male adults in the age group of 18-22 years were selected among MBBS phase I students of a Medical college . Sample size was 40. Heart rate and IOP were recorded at rest and after isometric handgriptest Results: Right eye IOP has decreased significantly from resting 16.28±1.55 to 9.30±1.79( p<0.001) immediately after handgripexercise IOP Left eye IOP has decreased significantly from resting 16.15±1.69 to 13.04±1.19 (p<0.001)immediately after handgrip exercise IOP Conclusion: Isometric handgripexercise lowers IOP which were significant. Hence may prove useful in normotensive glaucomatous patients
Learning in MarketPlace : economic objects to think with and talk about

In recent years, educators have recognized that simulation environments offer rich learning possibilities. For most people, however, there are two kinds of simulations-those with transparent models that are trivial and those with opaque models that are interesting. The big question in research on simulations and learning is how to help people to add a third kind-simulations with models that start simple and transparent but that develop in complexity in step with the user's ability to understand them. One strategy for creating such simulations is to have people build them. For people who find programming accessible, systems such as StarLogo have demonstrated that having students construct simulations is a viable strategy for creating simulations of the third kind. MarketPlace, an Internet-accessible environment for the play and discussion multiperson market simulation games, takes a different, albeit potentially synergistic approach. MarketPlace takes advantage of the presence of multiple humans to ease the representation of complex dynamical social situations. Much of the "model" is moved into the realm of human interaction and discussion. The complexity of the system that is being simulated increases in step with the sophistication of the participants. This work was supported in part by NSF Grant # 9358519-RED and a grant from the LEGO Corporation. Thesis Advisor: Mitchel Resnick, Assistant Professor of Media Arts and Sciences Learning in MarketPlace: Economic Objects to Think With and Talk About by Gregory Alan Kimberly The following people served as readers for this thesis: Mitchell Kapor Adjunct Professor Program in Media Arts and Sciences Edward A. Parson Assistant Professor of Public Policy John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University
Dynamic response of 3D printed beams with damping layers

3D printers are a relatively new technology and they could be used in the future to 3D print structural components in buildings or bridges. The main advantages of using 3D printing would be the optimization of the structures. Effectively, with 3D printers, it is possible to generate polymers with different strengths and stiffnesses in the same structure. It is also possible to print very complex shapes and forms. This thesis will focuses on the dynamic response of 3D printed beams with damping layers. More precisely, natural frequency and damping ratio will be analysed in order to find the optimal location of the damping layers. For this experiment, three methods are used, one with an accelerometer, one with a high speed camera and one with a piezoelectric actuator. Characterization of the 3D printed material has been made to predict results. For the results, it is possible to conclude that using softer material as damping layer reduces the beam frequencies but increases the damping ratio. Also, in order to get the most efficient beam in terms of damping properties, the damping layers need to be close to the top and bottom surfaces as strains are larger. Finally, it can be say that a high speed camera is the best device to investigate the dynamic response of 3D printed materials. Thesis Supervisor: Markus J. Buehler Title: Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Development and validation of a novel risk score to predict 5-year mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction in China: a retrospective study

Background The disease burden from ischaemic heart disease remains heavy in the Chinese population. Traditional risk scores for estimating long-term mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have been developed without sufficiently considering advances in interventional procedures and medication. The goal of this study was to develop a risk score comprising clinical parameters and intervention advances at hospital admission to assess 5-year mortality in AMI patients in a Chinese population. Methods We performed a retrospective observational study on 2,722 AMI patients between January 2013 and December 2017. Of these patients, 1,471 patients from Changsha city, Hunan Province, China were assigned to the development cohort, and 1,251 patients from Xiangtan city, Hunan Province, China, were assigned to the validation cohort. Forty-five candidate variables assessed at admission were screened using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, stepwise backward regression, and Cox regression methods to construct the C2ABS2-GLPK score, which was graded and stratified using a nomogram and X-tile. The score was internally and externally validated. The C-statistic and Hosmer-Lemeshow test were used to assess discrimination and calibration, respectively. Results From the 45 candidate variables obtained at admission, 10 potential predictors, namely, including Creatinine, experience of Cardiac arrest, Age, N-terminal Pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide, a history of Stroke, Statins therapy, fasting blood Glucose, Left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, Percutaneous coronary intervention and Killip classification were identified as having a close association with 5-year mortality in patients with AMI and collectively termed the C2ABS2-GLPK score. The score had good discrimination (C-statistic = 0.811, 95% confidence intervals (CI) [0.786–0.836]) and calibration (calibration slope = 0.988) in the development cohort. In the external validation cohort, the score performed well in both discrimination (C-statistic = 0.787, 95% CI [0.756–0.818]) and calibration (calibration slope = 0.976). The patients were stratified into low- (≤148), medium- (149 to 218) and high-risk (≥219) categories according to the C2ABS2-GLPK score. The predictive performance of the score was also validated in all subpopulations of both cohorts. Conclusion The C2ABS2-GLPK score is a Chinese population-based risk assessment tool to predict 5-year mortality in AMI patients based on 10 variables that are routinely assessed at admission. This score can assist physicians in stratifying high-risk patients and optimizing emergency medical interventions to improve long-term survival in patients with AMI.
Elektronik Kütüphane Hizmetlerinin Öğretim Elemanlari Tarafindan Benimsenmesinde Etkili Olan Faktörler: Anadolu Üniversitesi Öğretim Elemanlari Üzerinde Bir Araştirma Factors that Affect Instructors' Adoption of Electronic Library Services: A Research on Academicians in Anadolu University

The change occured in information and communication technologies has created a significant impact on libraries and information-documentation centers like any organizations. Transitions are taking place in paper-based systems toward electronic systems in the information services that libraries offered. In the presence of large investments made, the adoption and use of these systems by faculty members are becoming increasingly important. In this study, it is intended to define the factors that affect instructors’ adoption/use of electronic library services. To achieve this goal, Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is used as a theoretical framework and some features in the extenden versions of the model are also considered. In the study individual differences such as innovativeness, self-efficacy and computer anxiety are examined within the context of TAM. The study was conducted with a sample of 426 academic staff working in Anadolu University. The structural equation modeling (SEM) technique was employed to explain the adoption process. The results proved that TAM to be a good theoretical tool to understand instructors’ acceptance/ use of electronic library services and also demonstrate the effects of individual differences (innovativeness, self-efficacy and computer anxiety) on usage intention through perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness. All of the individual differences have significant effects on perceived ease of use of electronic library services. In addition, innovativeness is a much broader concept, that has direct effects on attitude and usage intention. The research model explains 47% of the variance in the acceptance/use of electronic libraries by instructors.
Go-Lab Releases of the Lab Owner and Cloud Services (Final) – M33

This deliverable is the corresponding companion of D4.5 Specifications of the Lab Owner and Cloud Services. The latter deliverable has been submitted at M30, and is the final document detailing the solution devised by Go-Lab for integrating new and legacy remote laboratories (labs) in its infrastructure. Go-Lab provides two approaches to integrate remote laboratories: the Smart Device and the Smart Gateway approaches. While the first corresponds to the development and deployment of new labs, the second is destined for existing labs. Yet, both implement the Smart Device Paradigm as presented in D4.5, and briefly presented in the Introduction of this document. Starting from the specifications presented in D4.5, lab owners are expected to be able to create/adapt and smoothly deploy their labs in the Go-Lab platform. In this deliverable we provide templates for lab owners to use in order to interface their new physical labs with embedded devices (the Smart Devices). The templates provide the architecture skeleton for the laboratory server application following the Smart Device paradigm. The templates implement a set of specifications to ensure that they are scalable, readable, and maintainable; insuring the ease and augmented use of these templates. Using the templates, lab providers are not concerned about the architecture of their lab servers. This task is alleviated by the templates. The targeted platforms are Node.js on BeagleBone Black (BBB), and LabVIEW on myRIO . We also provide example labs implemented with the produced packages, as well as with other platforms and technologies. We also provide support for existing online laboratory systems with the Smart Gateway. The Smart Gateway supports both real laboratories (e.g. Remlabnet) and simulation (e.g. Concord, QuVis). The integration of these labs in the Go-Lab infrastructure with the Smart Gateway means that all current and future laboratories provided by these systems are and will be automatically available for Go-Lab consumption. Each of these systems offers more than 20 laboratories at the moment, which is a good gain for the project. Additionally, new developed features of the Smart Gateway since D4.3 are presented, such as the support of internationalization of external laboratories, and new mechanisms for the integration of laboratories (HTTP plug-in examples).
OUTCOMES OF REFRACTORY STATUS EPILEPTICUS IN CHILDREN

Objective: To determine the outcome of Refractory Status Epilepticus (RSE) in children and the factors affecting the outcome. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: High Dependency Unit of Pediatrics Neurology Department at the Children’s Hospital and Institute of Child Health, from Aug 2019 to Mar 2020. Methodology: This study was conducted on the children presenting with refractory status epilepticus. Structured proforma was used for recording predictive factors. Modified Rankin scale prior to the presentation and Glasgow Coma Scale at presentation were documented and compared with the discharge scores. Results: Out of 75 children, 46 (61.4%) were males with mean age of 4.43 ± 3.47 years. Common etiologies were acute symptomatic in 37 (49.3%), progressive encephalopathy in 19 (25.3%), static encephalopathy in 9 (11.9%), remote symptomatic in 4 (5.3%), acute on remote symptomatic in 3 (4.0%), idiopathic and unclassified in remaining patients. Mean time between seizures onset and first benzodiazepine injection was 44 ± 36 minutes. Duration of RSE was <24 hours in 17 (22.7%), 24-48 hours in 15 (20.0%), 48-72 hours in 14 (18.6%), 72-96 hours in 12 (16%) and >96 hours in 17 (22.7%). At discharge 33 (44%) returned to baseline, 31 (41%) developed neurological disability while 11 (15%) expired during the stay. Etiology and duration of status epilepticus had significant impact on outcome with p-value of 0.021 and 0.041, respectively. Conclusion: Acute etiology was associated with higher mortality whereas return to baseline was also fair among survivors. This poses implications for emergency management to significantly.
Pledges and Covenants: The Keys to Unlock Patents

Recently, driven by the enthusiasm spurred by the Open Innovation movement, also individual patentees as well as wealthy corporations holding valuable patent portfolios have started sharing their patented knowledge. Whether in the open source software environment or in the fields of biosciences and green technologies, during the last few years patent holders have been uniformizing the terms and conditions of their licenses in order to facilitate the access to, the transfer as well as the use of their patents. Patent pledges and covenants have thus become the keys to open patents. Actually, they have unlocked at least diverse doors. Some pledges and covenants have contributed to create large “clubs of patentees” that are reciprocally committed to share their patents. These clubs are inwardly open, but still closed towards the non-members. Other pledges and covenants have set the grounds to make patents open toward whoever is interested in them, on the main condition that this unknown re-user will make her own follow-on innovation be equally open. The paper discusses the legal implications of these phenomena, their communalities and differences.
Leveraging Classification of Brain Tumour using Deep Learning Architectures

Despite advances in human intellect and biomedical in the last few decades, people continue to suffer from various cancers due to their volatile nature. This disease is still a major issue for the entire humanity. Brain tumour is one of the most crucial and serious illnesses. Oftheentire primary central nervous system tumours, Brain tumorsmake up 85 to 90%. It isestimatedthat 18,600 adults, including 8,100 women and 10,500 men, will die of primary cancerous tumors of the brain and centralnervoussystem tumors this year. Among the children of various age groups also it is seen as one of the most crucial cancers. Thus, accurate and timely handling of this disease is decisive. In order to speed up the process of brain tumour detection (augmented with accuracy, reliability and experience)Deep learning models can be used.To efficiently diagnose brain tumour kinds and compare classification performance, the proposed work makes optimal use of a newly modelled Convolutional Neural Network and ResNet 50,a pre-trained network.