Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Differential privacy: general inferential limits via intervals of measures

Differential privacy (DP) is a mathematical standard for assessing the privacy provided by a data-release mechanism. We provide formulations of pure 𝜖 -differential privacy first as a Lipschitz continuity condition and then using an object from the imprecise probability literature: the interval of measures. We utilise this second formulation to establish bounds on the appropriate likelihood function for 𝜖 -DP data – and in turn derive limits on key quantities in both frequentist hypothesis testing and Bayesian inference. Under very mild conditions, these results are valid for arbitrary parameters, priors and data generating models. These bounds are weaker than those attainable when analysing specific data generating models or data-release mechanisms. However, they provide generally applicable limits on the ability to learn from differentially private data – even when the analyst’s knowledge of the model or mechanism is limited. They also shed light on the semantic interpretation of differential privacy, a subject of contention in the current literature.
A multi-agent based negotiation support system for distributed transmission cost allocation

We have developed a multi-agent system, based on network flow model and KQML, called MASCAN (multi-agent system to support negotiation of cost allocation on network). Such a problem is very important to the utility industries such as electricity and gas, transportation and logistics industry. In our system, each agent represents a node in a network, and it does not receive any centralized controls or centralized information sources. All the decisions are made locally based on the rules or knowledge that each agent has in order to contend with other agents for a possible cheapest path under a fair-play practice. We also assume that each agent is rational. The solution to the cost allocation is the equilibrium point of a noncooperative game, subject to the constraints of the given network. We applied MASCAN to model and support the negotiation of cost allocation of power transmission after the deregulation of the electricity industry.
Domain translation using relational structure

We present a multiple effect system task in auditing for which interactions between expert systems requires the knowledge-based translation of a primary model of the task domain into the input domain of each expert system in the organizational decision support system. (ODSS). We propose a constrained descriptive language, based on first order predicate logic, for all the expert systems in a domain. Such a common descriptive language simplifies the translation procedures since source and target language syntax are identical. The language constraints are based on the mathematical notion of a relational structure. We present a reduced scale case to illustrate the use of the language for domain description and translation. <<ETX>>
The discovery-learning DSS: allowing for discovery in the decision process

This paper describes an approach to DSS design and use intended to enhance the development of both general and specific problem-solving skills of the user by encouraging the use of discovery as a tool for learning. The basic philosophy of discovery learning, often referred to as errorful learning, is to present the user with a microworld in which to explore and discover general rules and concepts. The idea is that the user is in control of the process and can let curiosity and personal interest drive the search of the problem space rather than be inhibited by rules governing the "rightness" or "wrongness" of answers and intermediate outcomes. Rather than being limited to developing an understanding of the problem from the output of a set of normative analytical models, the discovery learner develops a much richer, more generalizable set of problem-solving skills and understanding of the problem domain. The paper includes both a scientific and philosophical discussion of discovery links the concept of discovery to DSS design, and offers suggestions of specific tools that should be incorporated into a discovery-learning DSS. <<ETX>>
A multicentre randomised clinical trial of chemoradiotherapy plus hyperthermia versus chemoradiotherapy alone in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of whole-pelvic hyperthermia (HT) added to standard chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in locally advanced cervical cancer (CC), by investigating the clinical response and survival of patients treated with cisplatin-based CRT vs. CRT with HT (CRT + HT). Materials and methods: This study was conducted at five hospitals in Japan between September 2001 and March 2015 in patients with the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage IB (bulky)–IVA CC undergoing definitive CRT. After giving a written informed consent, patients were randomly allocated to two treatment groups: CRT and CRT + HT group. Overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), local relapse-free survival (LRFS), complete response (CR) rate and tolerability were evaluated. Results: In total, 101 patients were treated. Patient characteristics, total dose of cisplatin and radiotherapy were similar for both groups. Although not statistically significant, the 5-year OS, DFS and LRFS in the CRT + HT group (77.8%, 70.8% and 80.1%, respectively) were better than those in the CRT group (64.8%, 60.6% and 71.0%, respectively). CR was significantly more likely to be achieved in patients in the CRT + HT group than in the CRT group (88% vs. 77.6%; adjusted odds ratio, 3.993; 95% confidence interval, 1.018–15.67; p = .047). CRT + HT was well tolerated and caused no additional acute or long-term toxicity compared with CRT alone. Conclusions: HT combined with CRT improved the CR rate of CRT in patients with locally advanced CC, however, could not improve survival outcomes. Further studies in larger samples are warranted.
Trust Dispersion and Effective Human-AI Collaboration: The Role of Psychological Safety (Short Paper)

Trust is a crucial factor in team performance for human-human and human-AI teams. While research made significant advancements in uncovering factors that affect the human decision to trust their AI teammate, it disregards the potential dynamics of trust in teams with multiple team members. To address this gap, we propose that trust in AI is an emergent state that can be differentiated on the individual and team level. We highlight the importance of considering the dispersion of trust levels in human-AI teams to understand better how trust influences team performance. Furthermore, we transfer the concept of psychological safety from human psychology literature and propose its role in buffering the potential adverse effects of dispersed trust attitudes.
SEAL - Tying Up Information Integration and Web Site Management by Ontologies

Community web sites exhibit two dominating properties: They often need to integrate many different information sources and they require an adequate web site management system. SEAL (SEmantic portAL) is a conceptual model that exploits ontologies for fulfilling the requirements set forth by these two properties at once. The ontology provides a high level of sophistication for web information integration as well as for web site management. We describe the SEAL conceptual architecture as well as its current implementation in KAON.
Daml+oil: a Description Logic for the Semantic Web

Ontologies are set to play a key role in the " Semantic Web " , extending syntactic interoper-ability to semantic interoperability by providing a source of shared and precisely defined terms. DAML+OIL is an ontology language specifically designed for use on the Web; it exploits existing Web standards (XML and RDF), adding the familiar ontological primitives of object oriented and frame based systems, and the formal rigor of a very expressive description logic. The logical basis of the language means that reasoning services can be provided, both to support ontology design and to make DAML+OIL described Web resources more accessible to automated processes.
Counsellors’ Perception of Changing Environment as a Counselling Strategy for Enhancing Self-Esteem among Secondary School Students in Enugu State

The study sought to ascertained counsellors’ perceptions of changing environment as a strategy for enhancing self-esteem among secondary school students in Enugu State? ” One research question and one null hypothesis guided the study and was tested at.05 level of confidence. Descriptive survey research design was adopted. This was done with particular reference to the location of the respondents. The population of the study was 105 Guidance Counsellors currently serving in the 291 government owned secondary schools in Enugu State. Out of 105 copies of questionnaire developed by the researcher and distributed, 96 copies were returned signifying 91.43%. The 96 copies was used to collect the data for the study using self -structured questionnaire developed by the researcher called Changing Environment Scale (CES). The instrument was face validated by) experts. Cronbach Alpha Reliability estimate was used to ascertain the internal consistency of the instrument. Data collected for this study was analyzed using mean, grand mean and standard deviation, to answer the research question. The hypothesis was tested using t-test statistic. The finding showed that counsellors perceive changing environment as a strategy for enhancing self-esteem among secondary school students in Enugu State. Thus, no significant difference was found between the mean scores of urban and rural guidance counsellor’s perception on changing environment as a counselling strategy for enhancing self-esteem among secondary school students in Enugu State. Based on the findings, a recommendation and suggestions for further studies was made.
Barriers to Women Leadership

Women have made significant strides over the past half a century in terms of advancements into the workforce. However, it is well-documented that women occupy top executive positions in politics and industry much less frequently than men. Bias and discrimination against professional females could take place when members of a society hold certain stereotypes that are in contrast with the actual characteristics of these women. These stereotypes can prevent females from achieving their goals as a result of the expected social roles they have to uphold. This paper critically examined social role theory and gender stereotypes to explain a deeper motive as to why women to some extent are being underrepresented in leadership positions. Moreover, these literature review provided a comprehensive overview of gender discrimination barriers to leadership.
PREPRATION OF RIZATRIPTAN SUBLINGUAL TABLETS PREPARED BY DIRECT COMPRESSION WITH DIFFERENT POLYMERS IN VITRO EVALUATION

: Sublingual tablet of oral formulations of these drugs have been developed to improve their acceptability to patients and thus improve compliance. The focus of present investigation was to improve solubility, bioavailability and to achieved rapid onset action. sublingual tablets of Nimodipine were prepared by direct compression technique. The aim of the research was to prepare and evaluate the Rizatriptan sublingual tablets by using direct compression technique.Rizatriptan is a headache medicine that narrows the blood vessels around the brain.Eight Formulations were formulated using excipients are the chitosan, povidine ,sodium starch glycol Friability, Disintegration time. In addition, the prepared tablets were also evaluated for weight variation, thickness, diameter, friability, content uniformity, wetting time and drug release studies. The eight formulations are done in this F6 formulation are release the drug up to the 8 hrs. combination sodium starch glycolate and Chitosan showed better results. So it is more effective in combination with Chitosan. All parameters are come within range of limits. The stability studies are done for 90days.The kinetic profile data is calculated it is fallow the zero order and higuchi model.
An optimal (ϵ,δ)‐randomized approximation scheme for the mean of random variables with bounded relative variance

Randomized approximation algorithms for many #P‐complete problems (such as the partition function of a Gibbs distribution, the volume of a convex body, the permanent of a {0,1}‐matrix, and many others) reduce to creating random variables X1,X2,… with finite mean μ and standard deviation σ such that μ is the solution for the problem input, and the relative standard deviation |σ/μ| ≤ c for known c. Under these circumstances, it is known that the number of samples from the {Xi} needed to form an (ϵ,δ)‐approximation μ^ that satisfies P(|μ^−μ|>ϵμ)≤δ is at least (2−o(1))ϵ−2c2ln(1/[2πδ]) . We present here an easy to implement (ϵ,δ)‐approximation μ^ that uses (2+o(1))c2ϵ−2ln(4/δ) samples. This achieves the same optimal running time as other estimators, but without the need for extra conditions such as bounds on third or fourth moments.
Quality of Chilled Ram Semen in Tris Egg Yolk Extender Added with Different Concentrations of Glutamine

Glutamine is a non-essential amino acid that can reduce free radicals and act as an antioxidant. This study aims to determine the effect of adding glutamine in egg yolk tris diluent at concentrations of 0 mM (K), 2,5 mM (G2,5), 5 mM (G5), and 7,5 mM (G7,5) on the quality of liquid semen and kept in a refrigerator at 4 °C. Microscopic evaluation was performed immediately after dilution (H0) and every 24 hours until day 5 (H5). The results showed that the G 7,5 mM group could maintain better motility and viability (P < 0,05) than the K, G 2,5, and G 5 groups. The addition of glutamine did not have a significant effect (P> 0.05) in maintaining the MPU of spermatozoa. Glutamine with a concentration of 7.5 mM is the best concentration to maintain the quality of sheep's liquid semen.
Empirical Mode Decomposition

The success of Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) resides in its practical approach to dissect non-stationary data. EMD repetitively goes through the entire data span to iteratively extract Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMFs). This approach, however, is not suitable for data stream as the entire data set has to be reconsidered every time a new point is added. To overcome this, we propose Online EMD, an algorithm that extracts IMFs on the fly. The two key elements of Online EMD are a sliding window to cOlnpute local IMFs, and a stitching procedure to gradually append local IMFs to the final result. Using synthetic data we show that the decomposition quality of Online EMD is similar to classical EMD. We also present results obtained with areal data set to expose the practical advantages of Online EMD when dealing with data stream or large data set.
People and Water: A study of the relationship between humans and rivers in the Mesolithic and Neolithic with particular reference to that within the Thames Basin

Rivers and their associated wetlands and lakes form a major component in the landscape and yet discussions concerning their usage in early prehistory are rarely undertaken in Britain and Ireland. Exceptions to this have included the work on the Severn, the Shannon and the Humber estuaries. The Thames forms one of the biggest river systems within England and yet modern writers have undervalued it as a resource of early communities. The work within the Thames basin had been somewhat piecemeal with, until recently, attention being focussed primarily on the non-tidal parts of the river system. A consideration of the Mesolithic period had also not been undertaken. The relationship between hunter-gatherers and early farming communities and freshwater resources is examined within two major themes. The first is that of an economic nature (provider of sustenance and raw materials, communication, transport, choice of settlement site) and the second, experiential/symbolic (ritual deposition, sacred and burial sites, rock art). The two themes are not mutually exclusive and the points of overlap are also considered. Understanding of the archaeological record within the Thames basin is approached by the use of ethnographic analogy and archaeological comparison within a number of world regions. The ethnographic material is drawn from communities based on rivers in Australia, the Amazon basin and a number of locations in North America. The archaeological information is primarily from Europe (Britain and Ireland, the North European Plain and the Central European Uplands). Two other areas are briefly examined, namely Old World rivers (the Euphrates, the Jordan and the Nile) and a number of New World sites in North America. Attributes of the themes are drawn out from both the ethnographical and archaeological material. The Thames material is outlined and conclusions drawn in light of these attributes.
The Palaeolithic Origins of Human Burial

1. Introduction: death and the Palaeolithic 2. Primate roots for early hominid morbidity and mortuary activity 3. From morbidity to mortuary activity: developments from the australopithecines to Homo heidelbergensis 4. From funerary caching to the earliest burials of early Homo sapiens 5. The Neanderthals 6. The first Homo sapiens populations in Europe: Early and Mid Upper Palaeolithic funerary activities ~ 35,000 - 21,000 BP 7. From fragmentation to collectivity: human relics, burials and the origins of cemeteries in the Late Upper Palaeolithic and Epipalaeolithic 8. The dead as symbols: the evolution of human mortuary activity
Islamic Tourism Based on Maqasid Syariah As A Mental Well-Being Therapy: Preliminary Study Highlights

The COVID-19 pandemic, which has spread in Malaysia, has resulted in an upsurge of depression and mental health concerns. These challenges stem partly from the stress of job loss and financial instability, as well as the lack of social support from family and friends. Mental well-being, classified as a fundamental need ( daruriyyat ), particularly hifz al-'aql , requires our utmost attention and protection. Consequently, this study aims to examine how Islamic tourism, guided by Maqasid Syariah principles, can serve as a therapeutic approach to enhance mental well-being in Malaysia. Employing a qualitative methodology, the study incorporates primary and secondary sources of research. The gathered findings are then analyzed inductively to formulate the predetermined research objectives. The study's outcomes suggest that Islamic tourism activities rooted in Maqasid Syariah can be employed as an effective therapeutic intervention to address depression. Furthermore, engaging in tourism activities can contribute to emotional stability and foster a more receptive mindset when confronted with the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Deep brain stimulation of the pedunculopontine region in the normal non-human primate

Lesions in the pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) cause akinesia. The PPN degenerates in Parkinson's disease. Stimulation of the PPN region induces stepping movements in rats and cats. These findings suggest that the PPN may play an important role in akines ia and that stimulating it may alleviate akinesia.Therefore, we have stereotactically implanted a macroelectrode in the left PPN region in a normal macaque to investigate the effects of deep brain stimulation at different frequencies. Motor activity was recorded with an infra-red counter and behaviour videotaped. At frequencies above 45 Hz there was significantly more severe akinesia than at lower frequencies (paired t -test, n=15, P<0.005). At 100 Hz, there was gross impairment of postural control. At low frequencies (5-30 Hz), stimulation induced a 5-Hz tremor in the right arm. We conclude that stimulating the PPN region at high frequency causes akinesia, whereas low frequencies induce some positive motor effects.
The miR(21/10b) ratio as a prognostic marker in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Purpose: Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common type of cancer in the adult kidney, and the prognosis of metastatic ccRCC remains poor with high mortality. In ccRCC, microRNAs (miRs) differentially expressed in tumor tissue have been identified and have been proposed to predict prognosis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate candidate miR markers identified from analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets in a large RCC cohort and to elucidate whether a ratio of miRs provided additional prognostic information. Experimental Design: Deep sequencing data from TCGA datasets were analyzed using biostatistical methods to identify candidate miRs that correlate with factors such as survival and stage of disease. Candidate miRs were analyzed by RT-qPCR in a cohort of 198 RCC tumors (ccRCC, n=152) and 50 normal kidney samples. Results: Four candidate miRs (miR-10b, miR-21, miR-101, and miR-223) were selected from the TCGA analysis and analyzed in our cohort. Of these, miR-21 and miR-10b were differentially expressed in RCC subtypes and in ccRCC nuclear grades. Individually, the two miRs demonstrated a non-significant trend to correlate with survival. Importantly, the ratio of miR-21/miR10b (miR 21/10b ) correlated significantly with disease severity and survival, a high miR 21/10b being associated with poor prognosis ( P = 0.0095). In particular, the miR 21/10b was found to be an independent prognostic factor in metastasis-free patients ( P = 0.016; CI 1.201-5.736). Conclusions: We have shown that the miR 21/10b ratio is an independent prognostic factor for M0 ccRCC patients, which could be useful to identify high-risk M0 patients who could benefit from increased surveillance.
Analysis of transmit antenna selection based selective decode forward cooperative communication protocol

In this work, we consider a single relay multiple input multiple output (MIMO) spacetime block-code (STBC) based relaying system for two strategies using transmit antenna selection (TAS) technique. We consider the Rayleigh distribution between source to destination (SD), relay to destination (RD) and source to relay (SR) fading channel links. In first selection strategy, we consider selective decode and forward (SDF) protocol between the relay and destination and in second selection strategy, we consider STBC SDF protocol between RD fading channel links. We derive the closed form expressions for SER, SER upper bound and diversity order (DO). The optimal power allocation factors (OPFs) are derived for the both strategies, which minimize the SER of the relaying system. Simulation results show that the second strategy performs better than the first one for the same DO. RÉSUMÉ. Dans ce travail, nous considérons un système de relais à base de code de blocs spatiotemporels (STBC) à entrées multiples et sorties multiples (MIMO) à relais unique pour deux stratégies utilisant la technique de sélection d'antenne d'émission (TAS). Nous considérons les liaisons de canaux à évanouissements de la distribution de Rayleigh entre source vers destination (SD), relais vers destination (RD) et source vers relais (SR). Dans la première stratégie de sélection, nous considérons le protocole de décodage et de transmission sélectifs (SDF) entre le relais et la destination. Et dans la deuxième stratégie de sélection, nous considérons le protocole STBC SDF entre les liaisons de canaux à évanouissements RD. Nous dérivons les expressions de forme fermée pour SER, limite supérieure et ordre de diversité (DO). Les facteurs optimaux d'allocation de puissance (OPFs) sont dérivés pour les deux stratégies, ce qui minimise le SER du système de relais. Les résultats de la simulation montrent que la deuxième stratégie est plus performante que la première pour le même OD.