Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Unusual biclonal IgA plasma cell myeloma with aberrant expression of high-risk immunophenotypes: first report of a new diagnostic and clinical challenge

IgA plasma cell myeloma (PCM) has been linked to molecular abnormalities that confer a higher risk for adverse patient outcomes. However, since IgA PCM only accounts for approximately 20% of all PCM, there are very few reports on high-risk IgA PCM. Moreover, no such reports are found on the more infrequent biclonal IgA PCM. Hence, we present a 65-year-old Puerto Rican female with acute abdominal pain, concomitant hypercalcemia, and acute renal failure. Protein electrophoresis with immunofixation found high IgA levels and detected a biclonal IgA gammopathy with kappa specificity. Histomorphologically, bone marrow showed numerous abnormal plasma cells (32%) replacing over 50% of the marrow stroma. Immunophenotyping analysis detected CD45-negative plasma cells aberrantly expressing CD33, CD43, OCT-2, and c-MYC. Chromosomal analysis revealed multiple abnormalities including the gain of chromosome 1q. Thus, we report on an unusual biclonal IgA PCM and the importance of timely diagnosing aggressive plasma cell neoplasms.
Visual Based Malware Clustering Using Convolution Neural Network

As the popularity of Internet of Things (IoT) devices expands in industries and residences, their low processing power and inadequate security make them ideal targets for attackers. Traditional signature-based methods for detecting malware are inefficient against new malware since a small modification in the malware's source code can modify its signature, making it impossible to detect. Understanding the basics of malware behaviour and combatting hackers requires the classification of malware samples. In this study, we examine an image-based classification of malware in which nine malware families were categorised using a convolution neural network (CNN). Using kfold stratified cross-validation, our model attained a promising 89.5% accuracy in training and 82% accuracy in validation.
Water mass transport and ventilation in the Northeast Atlantic derived from tracer data

A large3He and tritium data base collected in the Northeast Atlantic since 1977 allows construction of extensive tracer distributions on isopycnal surfaces in the main thermocline. A distinct southward increase in tritium—3He age is observed that depicts the outcrop boundaries and allows one to quantify the interior transport. This transport is directed towards the south.
Intracellular Membrane Transport in Vascular Endothelial Cells

The main component of blood and lymphatic vessels is the endothelium covering their luminal surface. It plays a significant role in many cardiovascular diseases. Tremendous progress has been made in deciphering of molecular mechanisms involved into intracellular transport. However, molecular machines are mostly characterized in vitro. It is important to adapt this knowledge to the situation existing in tissues and organs. Moreover, contradictions have accumulated within the field related to the function of endothelial cells (ECs) and their trans-endothelial pathways. This has induced necessity for the re-evaluation of several mechanisms related to the function of vascular ECs and intracellular transport and transcytosis there. Here, we analyze available data related to intracellular transport within ECs and re-examine several hypotheses about the role of different mechanisms in transcytosis across ECs. We propose a new classification of vascular endothelium and hypotheses related to the functional role of caveolae and mechanisms of lipid transport through ECs.
The effects of GPER on age-associated memory impairment induced by decreased estrogen levels

Estrogen, as a pleiotropic endocrine hormone, not only regulates the physiological functions of peripheral tissues but also exerts vital neuroregulatory effects in the central nervous system (CNS), such as the development of neurons and the formation of neural network connections, wherein rapid estrogen-mediated reactions positively stimulate spinogenesis and regulate synaptic plasticity and synaptic transmission to facilitate cognitive and memory performance. These fast non-genomic effects can be initiated by membrane-bound estrogen receptors (ERs), three best known of which are ERα, ERβ, and G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER). To date, the effects of ERα and ERβ have been well studied in age-associated memory impairment, whereas there is still a lack of attention to the role of GPER in age-associated memory impairment, and there are still disputes about whether GPER indeed functions as an ER to enhance learning and memory. In this review, we provide a systematic overview of the role of GPER in age-associated memory impairment based on its expression, distribution, and signaling pathways, which might bring some inspiration for translational drugs targeting GPER for age-related diseases and update knowledge on the role of estrogen and its receptor system in the brain.
Primary frequency control by fuzzy-based participation controller for plug-in electric vehicles

ABSTRACT The increasing penetration level of electric vehicles (EVs) shows that they will enter into the category of distributed energy sources in the near future. Major upgradation is required in the conventional power system to handle upcoming challenges due to electrification in the transportation sector and generate opportunities for the power system. The energy storage capability of batteries and advancement in fast switching converters enable EVs to support the grid with different ancillary services, e.g. primary frequency control (PFC). However, an effective charging strategy/controller is required to support the grid with PFC without violating constraints from grid and EVs. This paper proposes a novel fuzzy-based controller to decide EV’s availability for PFC with an optimized participation level considering different operational modes and EV charging demand. The controller computes the participation level of EVs based on real-time inputs from EVs, magnitude of frequency deviation and availability of primary reserve. The Spanish power system model has been employed to show the proposed controller’s efficacy and compare it with other recently reported controllers. The MATLAB/Simulink platform has been used to perform frequency and power response analysis for four different defined cases. Results show that EVs with the proposed fuzzy-based controller can effectively support the grid with PFC service without violating the grid’s and EV’s limits. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
A Switchable Absorption/Transmission Active Frequency Selective Surface

In this paper, a switchable absorption/transmission active frequency selective surface (AFSS) is presented. It is shown that the AFSS can realize two functions as an electromagnetic absorber and a transmission surface for both TE and TM modes. The proposed design mainly consists of two FSS structure layers with PIN diodes loaded and a dielectric layer. When the diodes are turned on and off, the incident wave can be transmitted and absorbed by AFSS in the frequency range of 9.5 GHz to 10.7 GHz, respectively. The absorptivity and transmittance of the AFSS structure are over 90% The proposed work can be applied in the intelligent radome in future.
Spontaneous emission of localized excitons in InGaN single and multiquantum well structures

Emission mechanisms of InGaN single quantum well blue and green light emitting diodes and multiquantum well structures were investigated by means of modulation spectroscopy. Their static electroluminescence (EL) peak was assigned to the recombination of excitons localized at certain potential minima in the quantum well. The blueshift of the EL peak caused by the increase of the driving current was explained by combined effects of the quantum‐confinement Stark effect and band filling of the localized states by excitons.
Dual-Mode Circular-Shape Microstrip Patch Antenna For The Millimeter-Wave Bandwidth

A circular-shape microstrip patch antenna with dual-port for pattern diversity is described in this work. A conventional broadside pattern mode is radiated by a circular microstrip patch antenna, while a conical pattern is generated by a shorted annular ring which surrounds the circular patch. Pin probes are employed to feed the two radiators through substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) transmission lines on the bottom layer, and small-form factor SMP connectors which are connected to the SIW transmission lines through grounded coplanar waveguide (GCPW)-to-SIW transitions. The antenna has been designed for the 28 GHz frequency band, and numerical results show good agreement between theoretical and simulated patterns.
Heart Rate Variability Based Estimation of Maximal Oxygen Uptake in Athletes Using Supervised Regression Models

Wearable Heart Rate monitors are used in sports to provide physiological insights into athletes’ well-being and performance. Their unobtrusive nature and ability to provide reliable heart rate measurements facilitate the estimation of cardiorespiratory fitness of athletes, as quantified by maximum consumption of oxygen uptake. Previous studies have employed data-driven models which use heart rate information to estimate the cardiorespiratory fitness of athletes. This signifies the physiological relevance of heart rate and heart rate variability for the estimation of maximal oxygen uptake. In this work, the heart rate variability features that were extracted from both exercise and recovery segments were fed to three different Machine Learning models to estimate maximal oxygen uptake of 856 athletes performing Graded Exercise Testing. A total of 101 features from exercise and 30 features from recovery segments were given as input to three feature selection methods to avoid overfitting of the models and to obtain relevant features. This resulted in the increase of model’s accuracy by 5.7% for exercise and 4.3% for recovery. Further, post-modelling analysis was performed to remove the deviant points in two cases, initially in both training and testing and then only in training set, using k-Nearest Neighbour. In the former case, the removal of deviant points led to a reduction of 19.3% and 18.0% in overall estimation error for exercise and recovery, respectively. In the latter case, which mimicked the real-world scenario, the average R value of the models was observed to be 0.72 and 0.70 for exercise and recovery, respectively. From the above experimental approach, the utility of heart rate variability to estimate maximal oxygen uptake of large population of athletes was validated. Additionally, the proposed work contributes to the utility of cardiorespiratory fitness assessment of athletes through wearable heart rate monitors.
The Effect of Sexes and Seasons on the Morphological Structures of the Ruminant Digestive System of Blue Sheep (Pseudois nayaur)

Simple Summary Ruminants, as widely distributed herbivorous animals, have developed various adaptive nutrition strategies in response to environmental changes. As a typical mountain ruminant, blue sheep have a strong adaptability to the environment. In order to understand the changing patterns in the digestive tracts of blue sheep, the morphological characteristics and physiological indexes of the digestive tract structure were determined. Our conclusion is that blue sheep have adopted the nutritional strategy of roughage feeders. In order to adapt to environmental changes, blue sheep adopt fast feeding and fast excretion modes to allow feeding on large amounts of plants, mainly those with high cellulose content, low nutrient quality, and those that are easy to access. Our results can serve as a basis for studying the digestive system adaptation of other ruminants. Abstract Constant adaptation to environmental changes is required by ruminants to allow them to adapt to different ecological niches and feeding habits. In addition, the morphology and function of ruminant digestive systems reveal some adaptive evolutionary characteristics. Blue sheep (Pseudois nayaur) display a variety of morpho-physiological adaptations that are typical of grazers. In this study, we collected 64 adult blue sheep samples (whole animal carcasses) from the Helan Mountains, China, during different seasons. The external morphological parameters, digestive system morphological indexes, and rumen surface enlargement factors were determined. Our results reveal that the rumen and reticulum weights were positively correlated with the body weight (p = 0.004), while the food channel aperture, intestinal length, and weight of the blue sheep digestive tract presented no significant differences between different seasons (p > 0.05) and sexes (p > 0.05). There were significant differences (p < 0.001) in the density, length, and width of mastoids, and the rumen surface enlargement factor was 2.85 ± 1.37, which is typical of roughage feeders. The nutritional and ecological characteristics of blue sheep represent obvious morphological and physiological adaptations to an herbivorous diet. Adopting a quick foraging strategy allows blue sheep to rapidly consume and excrete large amounts of feed, thus obtaining the required energy for their activities and facilitating better adaption to environmental changes.
Characterization of the Involvement of Tumour Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α-Stimulated Gene 6 (TSG-6) in Ischemic Brain Injury Caused by Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Mouse

The identification of novel targets to modulate the immune response triggered by cerebral ischemia is crucial to promote the development of effective stroke therapeutics. Since tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α-stimulated gene 6 (TSG-6), a hyaluronate (HA)-binding protein, is involved in the regulation of immune and stromal cell functions in acute neurodegeneration, we aimed to characterize its involvement in ischemic stroke. Transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (1 h MCAo, followed by 6 to 48 of reperfusion) in mice resulted in a significant elevation in cerebral TSG-6 protein levels, mainly localized in neurons and myeloid cells of the lesioned hemisphere. These myeloid cells were clearly infiltrating from the blood, strongly suggesting that brain ischemia also affects TSG-6 in the periphery. Accordingly, TSG-6 mRNA expression was elevated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients 48 h after ischemic stroke onset, and TSG-6 protein expression was higher in the plasma of mice subjected to 1 h MCAo followed by 48 h of reperfusion. Surprisingly, plasma TSG-6 levels were reduced in the acute phase (i.e., within 24 h of reperfusion) when compared to sham-operated mice, supporting the hypothesis of a detrimental role of TSG-6 in the early reperfusion stage. Accordingly, systemic acute administration of recombinant mouse TSG-6 increased brain levels of the M2 marker Ym1, providing a significant reduction in the brain infarct volume and general neurological deficits in mice subjected to transient MCAo. These findings suggest a pivotal role of TSG-6 in ischemic stroke pathobiology and underscore the clinical relevance of further investigating the mechanisms underlying its immunoregulatory role.
Error probability of identification via channels at rates above capacity

In the identification via channels (the ID-channel), under some condition for noisy channels, the sum of two types of error probabilities of identification goes to one at rates of codes above capacity when the length of codes tends to infinity. This is known as a strong converse property of the ID-channel. In this paper we derive an exponential lower bound for the sum of two error probabilities to tend to one. In particular, for the class of discrete memoryless channels, we explicitly compute this lower bound.
A Comprehensive Study of Polyurethane Potting Compounds Doped with Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles

Recently, polyurethanes (PURs) have become a very promising group of materials with considerable utilization and innovation potential. This work presents a comprehensive analysis of the changes in material properties important for PUR applications in the electrical industry due to the incorporation of magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles at different weight ratios. From the results of the investigations carried out, it is evident that the incorporation of MgO improves the volume (by up to +0.5 order of magnitude) and surface (+1 order of magnitude) resistivities, reduces the dielectric losses at higher temperatures (−62%), improves the thermal stability of the material, and slows the decomposition reaction of polyurethane at specific temperatures (+30 °C). In contrast, the incorporation of MgO results in a slight decrease in the dielectric strength (−15%) and a significant decrease in the mechanical strength (−37%).
On Concurrent Seasonal Adjustment

Abstract Concurrent seasonal adjustment uses all information up to and including the current month's figure and thus should provide more accurate estimates of final seasonally adjusted data than the prevalent official method where the current month's component is forecasted from data through the preceding December. This article evaluates the expected gain from employing concurrent seasonal adjustment, including the case in which the data contain both nonseasonal and seasonal revisions. The theoretical results are then applied to a linearized X-11-ARIMA procedure, using a group of common seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models, and to an analysis of actual series containing preliminary-data error. Concurrent adjustment is consistently found to afford greater accuracy, though to a smaller degree when not seasonally adjusted (NSA) data are also preliminary. The problem of how best to seasonally adjust current data arises because both the usual (X-11) and the optimal (in a signal extr.
Radial velocities and metallicities from infrared Ca II triplet spectroscopy of open clusters: Berkeley 26, Berkeley 70, NGC 1798, and NGC 2266

Context: Open clusters are ideal test particles for studying the formation and evolution of the Galactic disk. However, the number of clusters with information about their radial velocities and chemical compositions remains largely insufficient. Aims: We attempt to increase the number of open clusters with determinations of radial velocities and metallicities from spectroscopy. Methods: We acquired medium-resolution spectra (R~8000) in the region of the infrared Ca II triplet lines (~8500\AA) for several stars in four open clusters with the long-slit spectrograph IDS at the 2.5m Isaac Newton Telescope, Roque de los Muchachos Observatory, Spain. Radial velocities were obtained by cross-correlating the observed spectra with those of two template stars. We used the relationships available in the literature between the strength of infrared Ca II lines and metallicities to derive the metal content of each cluster. Results: We provide the first spectroscopic determinations of radial velocities and metallicities for the open clusters Berkeley 26, Berkeley 70, NGC 1798, and NGC 2266. We obtain =68$\pm$12, -15$\pm$7, 2$\pm$10, and -16$\pm$15 km s$^{-1}$ for Berkeley 26, Berkeley 70, NGC 1798, and NGC 2266, respectively. For Berkeley 26 we derive a metallicity of [Fe/H]=-0.35$\pm$0.17 dex. Berkeley 70 has a solar metallicity of [Fe/H]=-0.01$\pm$0.14 dex, while NGC 1798 has a slightly lower metal content of [Fe/H]=-0.12$\pm$0.07 dex. Finally, we derive a metallicity of [Fe/H]=-0.38$\pm$0.06 dex for NGC 2266.
Neuroinflammation in Parkinson’s Disease: From Gene to Clinic: A Systematic Review

Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative disease whose progression and clinical characteristics have a close bidirectional and multilevel relationship with the process of neuroinflammation. In this context, it is necessary to understand the mechanisms involved in this neuroinflammation–PD link. This systematic search was, hereby, conducted with a focus on the four levels where alterations associated with neuroinflammation in PD have been described (genetic, cellular, histopathological and clinical-behavioral) by consulting the PubMed, Google Scholar, Scielo and Redalyc search engines, including clinical studies, review articles, book chapters and case studies. Initially, 585,772 articles were included, and, after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 84 articles were obtained that contained information about the multilevel association of neuroinflammation with alterations in gene, molecular, cellular, tissue and neuroanatomical expression as well as clinical-behavioral manifestations in PD.
Capturing in Season Change-of-Direction Movement Pattern Change in Youth Soccer Players with Inertial Measurement Units

This study aimed to examine the utility of inertial measurement unit (IMU) technology to identify angle, step-specific, and side-specific differences between youth soccer players with and without a history of lower limb injury during soccer-specific field tests. Thirty-two youths (mean age 16.4 years) who were elite soccer players (Females n = 13, Males n = 19) wore IMUs during pre- and postseason soccer-specific change-of-direction assessments. A response feature analysis was used to compare the change in peak resultant acceleration of the groups at a level of significance of p < 0.05. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in change of peak resultant acceleration of right leg final foot contact in a 180° pivot turn (p = 0.012, ES = 1.0) and a 90° cut (p = 0.04, ES = 0.75) between the two groups. These data suggest that players with a history of lower limb injury might experience greater angle and side-specific change within a season in peak resultant acceleration when compared with injury-free athletes. This study demonstrates that IMUs may present a useful method to analyze youth soccer players’ change of direction movement after returning to play. These results can inform future studies investigating player monitoring and may prove to be a useful tool for coaches when designing individualized training programs in this population.
Luminosity dependent star-formation history of S0 galaxies: evidence from GALEX-SDSS-2MASS-WISE colours

We combine UV/Optical/near-IR/mid-IR data on a sample of ~240 S0 galaxies to examine various star formation related processes in them. We split the sample into bright and faint S0 galaxies based on their K band luminosity. Comparing the FUV-NUV versus NUV-K color-color diagram with a Simple Stellar Population (SSP) model shows that ellipticals and bright S0 galaxies are dominated by a stellar population of age > 10^9 years while faint S0 galaxies may contain stars as young as 10^8 years, providing evidence for relatively recent star formation activity. The strength of the 4000A break is also systematically higher in brighter S0 galaxies, again indicating the presence of an old stellar population. Their mid-IR colours indicate that bright S0 colours are like those of ellipticals while faint S0 colours are more like spirals. All these observations are consistent with a scenario in which low-luminosity S0 galaxies likely formed by the stripping of gas from the discs of late-type spiral galaxies, which in turn formed their pseudo bulges through secular evolution processes, possibly involving multiple episodes of star formation. On the other hand, more luminous S0 galaxies likely formed the bulk of their stars at early epochs, similar to the star formation in elliptical galaxies, and are characterised by an old coeval stellar population and classical bulge