Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Numerical Analysis of Synthetic Jet Flow Control on a Vertical Tail

Airflow over a stabilizer-rudder assembly is simulated on an unstructured grid using a streamline upwind Petrov-Galerkin (SUPG) weighted residual finite element formulation of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. These studies seek to determine the effectiveness of synthetic jet flow control in increasing side force over the vertical tail. The two models under investigation are the Beta model, with 12 jets aligned along the span of the stabilizer, and a Beta model scaled up by a factor of 1.969, with 24 jets aligned along the span of the stabilizer. These two models have Reynolds numbers of 3.6*10^5 and 7.1*10^5, respectively, where both are based on the mean aerodynamic chord. The flow solver, Phasta, is used to run these simulations. URANS simulations on the Beta model with a 5 degree sideslip angle and 20 degree rudder deflection angle show that unsteady blowing with a blowing ratio of 1.0 increases the total side force coefficient by 14% with respect to the baseline. The Cp data obtained as a function of percent chord showed improvement in Cp from unsteady blowing in the outboard region, but negligible change in the inboard region. This data is in agreement with experimental values. Speed isosurface data was obtained for the Beta model with a 0 degree sideslip angle and 30 degree rudder deflection angle, with steady blowing. It was found that these isosurfaces create ridges and valleys along the span, suggesting interference between the jets. The same result was found for the scaled-up Beta model with a 0 degree sideslip angle and 30 degree rudder deflection angle, with steady blowing.
Information Systems for Supporting Fire Emergency Response

Despite recent work on information systems, many first responders in emergency situations are unable to develop sufficient understanding of the situation to enable them to make good decisions. The record of the UK Fire and Rescue Service (FRS) has been particularly poor in terms of providing the information systems support to the fire fighters decision-making during their work. There is very little work on identifying the specific information needs of different types of fire fighters. Consequently, this study has two main aims. The first is to identify the information requirements of several specific members of the FRS hierarchy that lead to better Situation Awareness. The second is to identify how such information should be presented. This study was based on extensive data collected in the FRS brigades of three counties and focused on large buildings having a high-risk of fire and four key fire fighter job roles: Incident Commander, Sector Commander, Breathing Apparatus Entry Control Officer and Breathing Apparatus Wearers. The requirements elicitation process was guided by a Cognitive Task Analysis (CTA) tool: Goal Directed Information Analysis (GDIA), which was developed specifically for this study. Initially appropriate scenarios were developed. Based on the scenarios, 44 semi-structured interviews were carried out in three different elicitation phases with both novice and experienced fire fighters. Together with field observations of fire simulation and training exercises, fire and rescue related documentation; a comprehensive set of information needs of fire fighters was identified. These were validated through two different stages via 34 brainstorming sessions with the participation of a number of subject-matter experts. To explore appropriate presentation methods of information, software mock-up was developed. This mock-up is made up of several human computer interfaces, which were evaluated via 19 walkthrough and workshop sessions, involving 22 potential end-users and 14 other related experts. As a result, many of the methods used in the mock-up were confirmed as useful and appropriate and several refinements proposed. The outcomes of this study include: 1) A set of GDI Diagrams showing goal related information needs for each of the job roles with the link to their decision-making needs, 2) A series of practical recommendations suitable for designing of human computer interfaces of fire emergency response information system, 3) Human computer interface mock-ups for an information system to enhance Situation Awareness of fire fighters and 4) A conceptual architecture for the underlying information system. In addition, this study also developed an enhanced cognitive task analysis tool capable of exploring the needs of emergency first responders. This thesis contributes to our understanding of how information systems could be designed to enhance the Situation Awareness of first responders in a fire emergency. These results will be of particular interest to practicing information systems designers and developers in the FRS in the UK and to the wider academic community.
When Mayors Take Charge: School Governance in the City

Large urban school systems have been the weakest link in American education, driving middle-class families into the suburbs while contributing mightily to the racial learning gap. Activist mayors in several major cities have responded by taking control of their public schools. When Mayors Take Charge is the most up-to-date assessment available on this phenomenon. It brings together the topic's leading experts to analyze the factors and people driving the trend, its achievements and shortcomings, its prospects for the future, and ways to improve it. Part One of the book assesses the results of mayoral control nationwide. The second section details the experience in three key cities: Boston and Chicago, the major prototypes for mayoral control, and Detroit, where mayoral control ended in disaster. The final section provides the first in-depth examination of New York City, where the law installing mayoral control sunsets in 2009. Viteritti's opening essay and postscript frame the analysis to shed light on the significance and limitations of governance reform. Contributors include Clara Hemphill (formerly NewYork Newsday), Jeffrey R. Henig (Columbia University), Michael Kirst (Stanford University), John Portz (Northeastern University), Diane Ravitch (NYU),Wilbur C. Rich (Wellesley College), Robert Schwartz (Harvard University), Dorothy Shipps (Baruch College), and Kenneth K.Wong (Brown University).
ADAPTATION OF THE KINEMATIC TRAIN MODEL USING THE INTERACTING MULTIPLE MODEL ESTIMATOR

This paper presents an Interacting Multiple Model (IMM) estimator that performs a reliable train location based on soft-switching between two kinematic train models: one assuming constant velocity and the other assuming constant acceleration. Two sensors provide input to the system, namely an eddy current sensors device measuring the velocity and a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) sensor unit delivering absolute position information. Simulations show that the presented location system offers robust and accurate position information, even in case of sensor failures or GNSS signal discontinuances.
50 Years Old and Still Going Strong

The use of fly ash for controlling damaging alkali-silica reaction (ASR) was first reported in 1949 by Robert Blanks of the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. 1 Since then, hundreds of papers have reported the results of laboratory studies on the efficacy of fly ash in this role. While many specifications now permit the use of potentially reactive aggregates, provided a sufficient level of fly ash (or other preventive measure) is used in the concrete, there have been relatively few documented cases of major structures where fly ash has been successfully used together with reactive aggregates. A paper on two such cases, the Nant-y-Moch Dam in Wales, U.K., and the Lower Notch Dam in Ontario, Canada, was published by the primary author when those facilities were about 35 and 25 years old, respectively. 2 The dams were revisited in 2010 when they were about 50 and 40 years old; this article summarizes the performance of these structures with regard to ASR. Studies of performance in the field are essential for confirming the efficacy of preventive measures observed in the laboratory and for benchmarking accelerated laboratory tests intended for the rapid evaluation of such measures. Nant-y-Moch Dam
Dynamic Traffic Flow Modeling for Incident Detection and Short-Term Congestion Prediction: Year 1 Progress Report

The purpose of this report is to summarize the research activities that were performed during the first year of this research project. In conducting this research, the research team split into several independent groups, each focusing on different aspects of the problem. One group has been focused on using weather and traffic flow conditions as predictors of incident conditions. Their activities are summarized in Chapter II. Other groups have been focused on developing models for producing short-term forecasts of potential congestion, using current measured traffic conditions. The results of these activities are summarized in Chapter III. Finally, the authors are beginning the process of developing a prototype tool that operators can use in a control center to display forecasted conditions. The beginnings of a high-level, functional specification for the tool are provided in Chapter IV.
Information Technology Based System for Experience Transfer in Projects

Projects are per definition unique. However, there are several elements, such as solutions, methods, tools, etc. that are common to projects. In a time sensitive work environment, like project settings, it is highly beneficial to focus on making use of existing knowledge and solutions, and avoid ? reinventing the wheel? This existing knowledge can be both explicit and tacit knowledge. Explicit refers to written knowledge, and tacit refers to experience and unwritten knowledge. Experience like explicit knowledge can be transferred among people as well. Hence, experience transfer gains importance in project organizations. There are many ways to transfer experience in organizations. Development in information technology has led to several tools and systems that promote experience transfer. So, this master thesis will look at one such system that is used by an organization called Gassco. Gassco, as an operator, is responsible for safe and efficient gas transport from the Norwegian continental shelf and will be leading gas transporter in Europe. In this regards, this thesis aims to understand, find problems, suggest solutions for solving problems, and develop and improve the experience transfer systems in this company. Key words: knowledge management, knowledge transfer and sharing, experience transfer, individuals and organizational learning, information technology based system, PIMS R3 (project information management system), and Experience Transfer system
PERFORMANCE OF CHILDREN WITH LEARNING DIFFICULTIES IN FINE MOTOR FUNCTION AND HANDWRITING

1 Occupational Therapist. Professor at the Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro FUTM Uberaba Minas Gerais, Brazil. Address: Praça Manoel Terra, 330, Postal Code: 38025-015. Uberaba MG. Phone: (34) 3318-5075. 2 Occupational Therapist of the Laboratory of Investigation of Learning Deviations (LILD), Faculty of Philosophy and Sciences, São Paulo State University UNESP Marilia (SP), Brazil. Address: St. Hygino Muzzy Filho, 737. Campus. Postal Code: 17525-900. Marilia SP. Phone: 14-3402-1324. 3 Speech Therapist. Full Professor of the Department of Speech Language Therapist and Audiology. Professor of Postgraduate Program in Education of the Faculty of Philosophy and Sciences of São Paulo State UniversityUNESP Marilia São Paulo Brazil. Address: St. Hygino Muzzy Filho, 737. Campus Universitário. CEP: 17525-900. Marilia SP. Phone: 14-3402-1324. Department name and institution: Department of Speech Therapist and Audiology, Faculty of Philosophy and Sciences, São Paulo State University UNESP Marilia São Paulo – Brazil. Corresponding author: sacap@uol.com. br
The Global Energy Assessment

The Global Energy Assessment is a major initiative launched at the RIO+20 conference to assess worldwide global energy challenges. Interviewed by FEEM, Thomas B. Johansson, Executive Committee Co-Chair of the GEA, and Nebojsa Nakicenovic, Deputy Director of the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, give an overview of the GEA report.
Life Cycle Assessment of Portland Cement Concrete Interstate Highway Rehabilitation and Replacement

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a tool that can be used to identify ways to decrease the environmental impact of a product or process and to inform decision makers of the consequences of changes to the product or process. LCA encompasses all aspects of a process or product from “cradle to grave”, including material extraction, transport, production, maintenance, and removal or recycling. This study is a comparative LCA of three different replacement options for an aging Portland cement concrete (PCC) highway: Replacement with a new PCC pavement, replacement with hot mix asphalt (HMA) pavement, and cracking, seating and overlaying (CSOL) the existing pavement with HMA. Each LCA includes an appropriate maintenance schedule so that the pavements will have a 50 year life span and can be reasonably compared. The environmental impacts have been assessed according to common environmental concerns, such as global warming potential and acidification. This paper summarizes those impacts and provides information and recommendations to build “greener” highways in Washington State.
Competing through knowledge : building a learning organization

Introduction A New Vocabulary THE BASIC ISSUE The Whirlwinds of Change The Learning Imperative Learning Capabilities Leveraging on Knowledge THE BENCHMARKS ABB-Asea Brown Boveri British Airways Charparral Steel Citicorp Inc General Electric Xerox Corporation BUILDING A LEARNING ORGANISATION Architecture of the Learning Organisation The Learning Organisation An Emerging Paradigm
Sensorless Control of a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor

A permanent magnet synchronous motor is traditionally controlled from measured values of the angular velocity and position of the rotor. However, there is a wish from SAAB Avitronics to investigate the possibility of estimating this angular velocity and position from the current measurements. The rotating rotor will affect the currents in the motor’s stator depending on the rotor’s angular velocity, and the observer estimates the angular velocity and angular position from this effect. There are several methods proposed in the article database IEEE Xplore to observe this angular velocity and angular position. The methods of observation chosen for study in this thesis are the extended Kalman filter and a phase locked loop algorithm based on the back electro motive force augmented by an injection method at low velocities. The extended Kalman filter was also programmed to be run on a digital signal processor in SAAB Avitronics’ developing hardware. The extended Kalman filter performs well in simulations and shows promise in hardware implementation. The algorithm for hardware implementation suffers from poor resolution in calculations involving the covariance matrices of the Kalman filter due to the use of 16-bit integers, yielding an observer that only functions in certain conditions. As simulations with 32-bit integer algorithm performs well it is likely that a 32- bit implementation of the extended Kalman filter would perform well on a motor, making sensorless control possible in a wide range of operations.
Evaluation of Rosmarinus officinalis L. extract on spatial memory, learning and antioxidant enzymes activities in the hippocampus of rats

The Rosemarinus officinalis extract (RE) possesses various antioxidant, cytoprotective and cognition- improving bioactivities. In this study, we postulated which doses of RE have a more effect on the hippocampus of middle-aged rats. In this experimental study, thirty-two middle-aged swiss albino rats were fed by different doses (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg/day) of RE (containing 40% carnosic acid) or distilled water for 12 weeks. The effects of different RE doses on learning and spatial memory scores, hippocampal neuronal survival, antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation amount were evaluated by one and two way analysis of variance (ANOVA). It seemed that RE (100mg/kg) could recover the spatial memory retrieval score (p< 0.05). The amount of activity of SOD, GPx and CAT enzymes in the hippocampus of animals of the RE (100mg/kg) group showed a significant increase compared to the normal group (p< 0.01), (p< 0.01) and (p< 0.05), respectively. Also, the amount of activity of GPx in the RE (100 mg/kg) group of animals showed a significant increase compared to the normal group (p< 0.05). No significant difference was found between the groups in the MDA level. The results revealed that RE (40% carnosic acid) may improve the memory score and oxidative stress activity in middle aged rats in a dose dependent manner, especially in 100mg/kg.
DATA RELAY PERFORMANCE OF 5.8GHZ INTER-VEHICLE COMMUNICATIONS (THE SECOND REPORT)

The JARI ITS Center has been engaged in the surveillance study for the standardization of inter-vehicle communication(IVC) systems from FY2002 until FY2005, as a part of the ITS Standardization Project, commissioned by the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry. In FY2004 and FY2005, it conducted an evaluation of the field performances of relay functions in IVC over the 5.8GHz band. In this paper, the IVC relay tests on a road surrounded by buildings and on a road in residential district, and the simulation of relay functions in case the number of communicating vehicles increases, are outlined. The availability and suspected problems of relay functions, based upon the data obtained, are described. For the covering abstract see ITRD E134653.
A Broad Canvas—From Math to Swimming… and Farewell to Multimed

This issue of Peritoneal Dialysis International (PDI) covers a broad canvas, including novel research concepts and patient experience. Peritoneal dialysis is delivered by replacing dialysate once the osmotic agent concentration (predominantly glucose) has dissipated with time. Are there advantages to establishing a mechanism where the dialysate glucose is continually replenished in order to maintain a constant concentration? This question is explored through a commentary from Magnus Braide in which he describes mathematical models that are based on this concept, examining intraperitoneal glucose concentrations, glucose absorption, ultrafiltration volumes, and sodium removal (1). The dynamic interaction of these components is complex—but, through better understanding of their interrelations, may offer opportunities to individualize therapy to enhance volume and sodium removal. A phone survey about swimming conducted with nurses from Australian PD units provides practical information for patients and teams (2). The majority of units recommend swimming for people on PD as long as the PD catheter and exit site are covered with a waterproof-type dressing. Considerable variation exists in the specific advice between units, and there is work to be done to standardize guidance. The Peritoneal Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (PDOPPS) continues to provide enlightening insights into international differences in practice patterns, and a paper in this issue examines anemia and its treatment across contributing centers (3). Figure 4 from that paper, displayed on the front cover of this issue, demonstrates wide differences in the prescription of intravenous (IV) iron in patients on PD between contributing countries. The relevance of this question has increased in light of the hemodialysis PIVOTAL study, in which high-dose IV iron resulted in lower epoeitin usage as well as a reduction in the composite outcome of myocardial infarction, stroke, or hospitalization for heart failure (4). Finally, this is the last issue of PDI with our current publisher, Multimed. Multimed and founder Lorne Cooper worked with Dimitri Oreopoulos to establish what was originally the Peritoneal Dialysis Bulletin, subsequently becoming PDI. It is thanks to their vision that this journal is center stage in the advancement of high-quality care for people who require PD. We remain indebted to them as the work is continued through the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis (ISPD) to the benefit of patients worldwide. As Editor-inChief, I have found in Multimed an excellent partner in the preparation and publication of this journal, and for that I thank them.
Comparison of propeller-driven propulsion systems

Global warming caused by combustion of fossil fuels is a hot topic in today’s society and the world is constantly trying to makes steps towards a brighter tomorrow with stricter environmental laws and research of alternative fuels. A great propulsion system is however not great solely of it being environmental friendly, it must also achieve other requirements. A comparison using different propulsion systems and different fuel types has been made and evaluated in four different categories; power; range; cost and environmental impact. The process of scientifically compare systems using given attributes is a big part of the study and is hoped to yield inspiration to the reader to apply to their own application, not necessarily using the same categories.The result has been assembled in a matrix and depending on what category one prefers the most, different results are presented. A clear observation is a lack of range for all of the systems using electricity due to the low energy density compared to fossil fuels. Hydrogen fuel cells and ICE are however constrained by the volume required to store hydrogen but applications can surely be found where the great gravimetric energy-density can be utilized at its full potential.The future of alternative fuels and propulsion systems are looking great checking the improvements of technology on electrical components such as batteries, fuel cells and solar cells the last 10 years. The improvements not only affecting performance such as increased energy-density and power but also cost, making them more desired by the common man.
Flintknapping: Making and Understanding Stone Tools

Acknowledgments 1. Introduction Using This Book Learning to Knap 2. Flintknapping: Basic Principles Flintknapping Conchoidal Fracture Properties of Material Flakes and Cores 3. A Brief History of Flintknapping Prehistory of Stone Tools Recent "Stone-Age" People Modern Knapping Further Readings Other Resources: Finding Other Knappers 4. Raw Materials Stone Quality Stone Materials Heat-Treating Collecting Material: Ethical and Practical Considerations 5. Safety Proper Technique Eyes Hands Other Body Parts Lungs Waste Disposal Benefits 6. Hard-Hammer Percussion Material and Equipment Percussion-Flaking Principles: An Experiment Percussion Flaking Platforms The Face of the Core Terminations Curvature Starting a Core Summary: Nine Essentials Examples 7. Pressure Flaking Tools Raw Material First Principles Working Position Beginning Platform Preparation Thinning Notching Other Pressure-Flaking Techniques Summary: Six Essentials Application: Small Triangular Points from the Southwest Pressure-Flaking Problems Patterned Pressure Flaking 8. Soft-Hammer Percussion and Bifaces Definitions Tools Beginning Soft-Hammer Principles and Results Biface Thinning Flakes Fracture Theories The Blow Platforms Biface Stages Knapping Strategy and Other Considerations Example: A Basic Biface Biface Problems: Prehistoric Mistakes Summary 9. Blades and Fluting Blades Platforms Holding Punches The Blow Fluting Example: Fluted Point 10. Using Stone Tools Stone vs. Steel Edges and Cutting Making a Projectile Foreshaft Going On 11. Archaeological Analysis of Stone Tools Typology Stone Tool Types and Change through Time What People Did with Stones Sources of Variation: Why Stone Tools Are Not All Alike Analyzing Stone Tool Materials Technology and What It Tells Us Figuring Out Function Questions of Style Conclusions Appendix: Resources for Knappers References Index