Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The disk instability model for dwarf nova outbursts

The development and the present state of the disk instability model for outbursts of dwarf nova are reviewed. Two intrinsic instabilities are known in dwarf nova accretion disks, i.e., the thermal instability and the tidal instability. The thermal-tidal instability model (abbreviated the TTI model) that combines these two intrinsic instabilities was first proposed in 1989 by Osaki to explain the superoutburst phenomenon of SU UMa stars. In this paper a complete account of the TTI model is presented. We first explain the basic concept of the model and how it works for the superoutburst phenomenon. We then discuss recent refinements of the model, in particular on the start and the end of superoutbursts, by which we are now able to explain wide varieties in superoutburst light curves of different stars and of different superoutbursts within one and the same star. We also discuss some exceptional cases that apparently seem to contradict the theory, such as the 1985 superoutburst of U Gem itself. It is argued that the TTI model can after all explain most of the observed phenomena related to superoutbursts and superhumps in dwarf novae. (Communicated by Yoshihide KOZAI, M. J. A.)
Statistics and Dynamics of Persistent Anomalies

Abstract Persistent anomalies with recurrent spatial patterns play an important role in the atmosphere's low-frequency variability. We establish a connection between statistical and dynamical methods of description and prediction of persistent anomalies. This is done by computing and analyzing the empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) in a simple deterministic model, on the one hand, and in Southern Hemisphere geopotential heights, on the other. The dynamical model is governed by the fully nonlinear, equivalent-barotropic vorticity equation on the sphere, with simplified forcing, dissipation and topography. Model solutions exhibit persistent anomalies identifiable with blocked, zonal and wave-train anomalies in Northern Hemisphere atmospheric data. Flow structures similar to the patterns above occur as high-variance EOFs of this nonlinear model. The Southern Hemisphere data we analyze consist in gridded daily maps of 500 mb heights from June 1972 to July 1983. Two types of persistent anomalies appear in t.
Application of Bethe -Zel'dovich-Thompson Fluids in Organic Rankine Cycle Engines

Thenovel concept ofimproving organicRankinecycleengines (ORCEs)by exploiting the unusual e uid dynamic behaviorofaspecialclassofworkinge uidsknownasBethe ‐Zel’dovich‐Thompson(BZT)e uidsisexplored.ORCEs are currently manufactured and used for numerous remote terrestrial applications requiring reliable, unattended power.OneofthemajorlossmechanismsinORCEsisshockwavesgenerated intheturbinestage.Operatingunder theproperthermodynamicconditions, a BZT working e uid can potentially weaken oreliminate shock waves. This would reduce losses due to both the wave drag from shocks as well as losses from boundary-layer separation due to shock ree ections on the turbine blades. Two-dimensional e owe elds through realistic symmetric impulse turbinecascades arecompared using a e ux-limited, e nite differencenumerical schemeto assess differences in e ow efe ciencies. Resultsshowsignie cantimprovementsin turbineefe cienciesforBZTworkinge uidsoverconventional ORCE working e uids.
Superconducting transition temperatures of thin V3Si layers formed by the interaction of V films with thinly oxidized Si wafers

Superconducting thin V3Si layers with overlying VOx layers have been formed by the interaction of thin evaporated V films (300–3500 A thick) with thinly (∼100 A thick) oxidized Si wafers between ∼650 and ∼1000 °C. V3Si layers having thicknesses up to ∼800 A have been obtained. The growth of the V3Si layers has been observed to depend on the annealing temperature and time, and to be affected by the oxygen concentration in VOx layers formed on the V3Si layers, and by the disappearance of SiOx layers on the Si wafers. The transition temperatures of the V films annealed on the oxidized Si wafers can be interpreted with regard to proximity effects between the V3Si layers formed and overlying VOx layers simultaneously formed, and between the V3Si layers and underlying Si‐richer VSix layers additionally formed in the films.
Twinned Fano interferences induced by hybridized plasmons in Au―Ag nanorod heterodimers

We theoretically investigated the plasmon interferences and hybridization in the Au–Ag nanorod heterodimers. Twinned Fanolike profiles are observed in the absorption cross sections of the gold and silver nanorods in the heterodimers, the Fano factors of which have the opposite signs near the antibonding resonances, which are found to be induced by the destructive interferences of two hybridized local surface plasmons. Both the value and sign of the Fano factors could be tuned by adjusting rod-lengths, which could find the applications in the design of plasmonic nanodevices.
Visual servoing of quadrotor UAVs for slant targets with autonomous object search

In this paper, an enhanced visual servoing method is designed for a quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) based on virtual plane image moments, under underactuation and tight coupling constraints of UAV kinematics. Moreover, in order to make the UAV search visual targets autonomously in target vicinity during flight, a flexible flight system is developed with stages of take-off, target searching, and image-based visual servoing (IBVS). With dual-camera sensor configuration, the UAV system searches targets from given directions while making localization. A virtual image plane is constructed and image moments are adopted to decouple UAV lateral movement. For a non-horizonal target, homography is utilized to construct the target plane and transform it into a horizonal plane. Backstepping techniques are used to derive the nonlinear controller to realize the IBVS strategy. Stability analysis proves global asymptotic performance of the closed-loop system. Experimental verification shows feasibility of the overall flight system and effectiveness of the visual servoing controller.
Thermoelasticity and entropy flow

The well-known theories of thermoelasticity are based on thermal expansion, and recently the theory of heat conduction has been looked into for improvements. The reason is that heat conduction is described with scalar and vector variables but elasticity with second order tensors, and in linear order there is no direct coupling between second order tensors and vectors or scalars if the material is isotropic. The observed deviations from the present theories urge that new tracks for research be sought. Such a new track can be opened by Onsager’s thermodynamics supplemented with dynamic degrees of freedom. This theory is usually referred to as extended thermodynamics. The key moment is in the general form of the entropy current out of local equilibrium, which leads to the formal introduction of the transport of the dynamic degrees of freedom. The skeleton of the possible theories is based on the introduction of one or more vectorial dynamic variables. They can be coupled to the current density of the heat flow, while their ‘diffusion’ intensities are second order tensors coupled directly in linear order to the stress tensor even if the material is isotropic. The possibilities are demonstrated on an example with one dynamic degree of freedom.
Combined optical resolution photoacoustic and fluorescence micro-endoscopy

We present a new micro-endoscopy system combining real-time C-scan optical-resolution photoacoustic micro-endoscopy (OR-PAME), and a high-resolution fluorescence micro-endoscopy system for visualizing fluorescently labeled cellular components and optically absorbing microvasculature simultaneously. With a diode-pumped 532-nm fiber laser, the OR-PAM sub-system is capable of imaging with a resolution of ~ 7μm. The fluorescence sub-system consists of a diode laser with 445 nm-centered emissions as the light source, an objective lens and a CCD camera. Proflavine, a FDA approved drug for human use, is used as the fluorescent contrast agent by topical application. The fluorescence system does not require any mechanical scanning. The scanning laser and the diode laser light source share the same light path within an optical fiber bundle containing 30,000 individual single mode fibers. The absorption of Proflavine at 532 nm is low, which mitigates absorption bleaching of the contrast agent by the photoacoustic excitation source. We demonstrate imaging in live murine models. The system is able to provide cellular morphology with cellular resolution co-registered with the structural and functional information given by OR-PAM. Therefore, the system has the potential to serve as a virtual biopsy technique, helping researchers and clinicians visualize angiogenesis, effects of anti-cancer drugs on both cells and the microcirculation, as well as aid in the study of other diseases.
A Numerical Method for Solving Incompressible Viscous Flow Problems

A numerical method for solving incompressible viscous flow problems is introduced. This method uses the velocities and the pressure as variables and is equally applicable to problems in two and three space dimensions. The principle of the method lies in the introduction of an artificial compressibility ? into the equations of motion, in such a way that the final results do not depend on ? An application to thermal convection problems is presented.
Manipulation of strain relaxation in metamorphic heterostructures

The authors have discovered that high doping densities in an alloy graded InGaAs buffer have dramatic effects on strain relaxation dynamics and consequently surface and optical qualities in metamorphic heterostructures. Compared with undoped graded buffers, the use of Be doping significantly improves structural, surface, and optical qualities while the use of Si doping deteriorates all these properties. This discovery is significant for the realization of metamorphic optoelectronic devices.
A Practical Form of Exponentially-Weighted H ∞ Adaptive Filters

: This paper examines the problem of exponentially-weighted H ∞ adaptive ﬁltering and shows that its suboptimal solution reduces to a recursive algorithm which is slightly di ﬀ erent from the RLS algorithm. Based on this similarity, its fast array form is immediately obtained by following the derivation of the fast RLS array algorithm. Also a theoretical expression for its steady-state mean-square error is provided. Several numerical examples indicate that the exponentially-weighted H ∞ ﬁlter can achieve a proper balance between H ∞ and H 2 (least squares) ﬁltering criteria.
The effects of resolved sources and blending on the detection of planets via gravitational microlensing

It has been shown that gravitational microlensing events towards the Galactic Bulge are sensitive to the presence of a planet orbiting the lensing star. The probability of planet detection is calculated here as a function of the binary geometry for mass ratios of taking the effects of resolving the source and the inclusion of unlensed light (blending) into account. Source radii up to θE are considered, at which point the detection probability becomes negligible. Small mass ratio planets become undetectable at source radii of θE. Blending has a slight adverse effect on planet detection. It is worst when the unblended detection probability is small and causes planets to become undetectable at smaller source radii than would be the case in the absence of blending. An alternative to current gravitational microlensing follow-up observations is investigated, where only the peaks of high amplification events are followed. Such a strategy promises to be at least twice as efficient at detecting planets as current observations, but requires a large number of high amplification events.
Factors influencing the activity ranges of feral pigs (Sus scrofa) across four sites in eastern Australia

ABSTRACT Context. Understanding the home-range size and the ecological drivers that influence the spatial distribution of feral pigs is of paramount importance for exotic-disease modelling and the improvement of pest management programs. Aims. To investigate various factors affecting home- and core-range size and test selection of habitat, to better inform disease modelling and pest management programs. Methods. In this study, 59 GPS-collared feral pigs were tracked over four sites in eastern Australia between 2017 and 2021. Using minimum convex polygon (MCP) and the nearest-neighbour–local convex hull (k-LoCoH) as home-range estimators and foliage projective cover (FPC) as an estimator of landscape-scale shelter, we investigated the influence of sex, site, season, year and body weight on range size and tested selection of habitat by using chi-squared and Jacob’s index tests. Key results. Home-range sizes were highly variable, with k-LoCoH90 (home) ranges between 0.08 and 54.97 km2 and k-LoCoH50 (core) ranges between 0.01 and 7.02 km2. MCP90 ranged between 0.15 and 242.30 km2, with MCP50 being between 0.07 and 60.61 km2. Sex and site both significantly (P < 0.001) influenced home-range size, but season and year did not. Home-range size was shown to increase with body mass for both sexes (P = 0.001). Importantly, the data indicated that feral pigs prefer habitat within 20–40% FPC (woodland), whereas open forests (51–80% FPC) and closed forests (>80% FPC) were actively avoided. Typically, use of open vegetation (1–10% FPC) was also avoided, but this behaviour varied and was dependent on site. Conclusion Feral pig ranges are influenced by sex, site and body mass but not by season and year. Broad-scale selection for shelter indicated that feral pigs prefer habitat between 20% and 40% FPC. Implications. Targeting or avoiding such areas respectively for control or monitoring tool placement may result in improved, efficient outcomes to monitor or manage feral pig populations. Feral pig distribution modelling may also find benefit in the consideration and further study of the above factors and the influence of food and water sources on the activity ranges and behaviour of feral pigs.
Synthesis of the superlattice complex oxide Sr5Bi4Ti8O27 and its band gap behavior

The n = 8 member of the Aurivillius complex oxide superlattice series of phases, Sr5Bi4Ti8O27, was synthesized by pulsed-laser deposition on (001) SrTiO3 single-crystal substrates. This phase, with a c-axis lattice parameter of 7.25 ± 0.036 nm, and its purity were confirmed by x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The film is observed to be single phase and free of intergrowths of other-n members of the series. Using spectroscopic ellipsometry, Sr5Bi4Ti8O27 was determined to exhibit an indirect band gap of 3.53 eV at room temperature.
Direct observation of the size dependence of Dexter energy transfer from polymer to small PbS quantum dots

Small PbS quantum dots (QDs) with diameters ranging from 2.5 to 3 nm were synthesized directly in the conjugated polymer poly[2-methoxy-5-(2′-ethyl-hexyloxy)-p-phenylene vinylene] (MEH-PPV) at 70 °C. To monitor the size dependence of Dexter energy transfer [D. L. Dexter, J. Chem. Phys. 21, 836 (1953)] from MEH-PPV to PbS QDs, the photoluminescence of MEH-PPV is measured for a series of samples with varying QD sizes controlled by the reaction time. A decreased transfer rate is observed for PbS QDs with a diameter of about 2.65 nm due to the minimum overlap between the emission spectrum of MEH-PPV and the 1Se-1Sh and 1Pe-1Sh transitions of PbS QDs.
Theoretical Description, Measurement, and Correction of Localization Errors in 31P Chemical-Shift Imaging

Abstract In 2D 31 P chemical-shift imaging ( 31 P CSI), both short slice-selective RF pulses and gradient-phase encoding are applied to achieve localization. Signal intensities in the resulting CSI spectra and thus CSI metabolite images may be seriously distorted due to deviations of the excitation profiles from the desired rectangular shape and two different voxel-bleeding mechanisms. Theoretical descriptions of these main effects are given. Phantom experiments were performed to compare the observed signal contaminations with the predictions from the corresponding numerical simulations. The dependence of the excitation profiles and the resulting contaminations on the RF pulse length, T R / T 1 , and the flip angle distribution is evaluated. By scanning the repetition time and the transmitter amplitude, these dependencies were examined and proved in phantom measurements. For a 640 μs slice-selective sinc pulse, T R / T 1 values below 0.03, and large flip angles (above 60°), signal contaminations were observed exceeding the contribution from spins inside the desired slice. To measure the voxel-bleeding effects, we placed a water-filled cube whose dimensions matched those of a nominal CSI voxel inside a large sphere. A maximum contamination of 18% was observed. In order to remove such contaminations, an iterative algorithm has been developed which simultaneously corrects both voxel-bleeding effects. It is based on the assumption that tissue regions with approximately constant 31 P density can be defined using a corresponding 1 H image of the CSI slice. Application of the proposed correction method removed the observed voxel-bleeding effects and, including a compensation of additional signal variations due to RF field inhomogeneities, an increased metabolite image quality was obtained.
Time-Temperature Superposition for Asphalt Concrete at Large Compressive Strains

A study was performed to evaluate whether time-temperature superposition principles would continue to apply to the behavior of asphalt concrete beyond the commonly assumed small strain (<100 με) limits. A series of unconfined uniaxial compression constant crosshead displacement rate tests were performed to large-strain values. The measured axial stress versus axial strain data were cross-plotted to produce stress versus reduced time master curves and corresponding temperature shift functions at various strain levels to determine the maximum strain level at which time-temperature superposition remains valid. The results suggest that asphalt concrete remains a thermorheologically simple material well into the postpeak region (i.e., that time-temperature superposition is valid throughout the useful stress-strain response). The results further suggest that the temperature shift function aT may be only a weak function of strain level. For many practical engineering purposes, however, the differences between the small-strain and large-strain temperature shift relations may be of negligible importance.
Cosmology and the subclasses of the gamma-ray bursts

Abstract Several statistical studies - done also by the authors of this contribution - show that there are three subclasses of gamma-ray bursts. They can be called as short, intermediate and long ones, because they can be separated with respect to their durations. The short and intermediate bursts are distributed anisotropically on the sky. This behavior is highly remarkable, and can have a cardinal impact on the cosmology. The subject of this contribution is a survey of this topic.
HIGH-RESOLUTION STUDY OF THE MASSIVE STAR-FORMING REGION IRAS 06061+2151

We present observations of 3.6 cm continuum and water maser emission toward the high-mass star-forming region IRAS 06061+2151 (AFGL 5182), made at ∼0. ″3 and ∼0. ″1 resolution, respectively, using the Very Large Array (VLA) in the A configuration. Continuum and maser emission are not detected toward the center of AFGL 5182. However, we detected two groups of continuum sources located ∼12″ and ∼3′ to the west and northeast of AFGL 5182, respectively. The first group, labeled as the G188.79+1.03 complex, is composed of three continuum sources in a region of about 6″ × 10″, while the second group, associated with the source G188.77+1.07, is composed of at least two continuum sources in a region ∼1″ in diameter. The physical parameters estimated, based on the morphology and the continuum emission, suggest that all the continuum sources in both groups are ultracompact H ii regions, associated with ZAMS B-type stars. Water maser emission is only detected toward the compact source VLA N2, which is located in the G188.79+1.03 complex. Accuracy in the relative positions between the radio continuum source and the water masers is of the order of 15 mas. In addition, the observed spatial and kinematical distribution of the water maser features has remained stable for several years, and we confirm that they are tracing a bipolar outflow, where the best candidate of the source powering the water masers and the outflow is VLA 2N.
Real flow number and the cycle rank of a graph

This article establishes a relationship between the real (circular) flow number of a graph and its cycle rank. We show that a connected graph with real flow number p/q+1, where p and q are two relatively prime numbers must have cycle rank at least p + q - 1. A special case of this result yields that the real flow number of a 2-connected cubic graph with chromatic index 4 and order at most 8k + 4 is bounded from below by 4+1-k. Using this bound we prove that the real flow number of the Isaacs snark I2k+1 equals 4+1/k, completing the upper bound due to Steffen [Steffen, J Graph Theory 36 (2001), 2434]. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 59: 1116, 2008
Analisis Event Study New Normal Terhadap Harga Saham di Bursa Efek Indonesia

This study aims to analyze abnormal returns before and after the announcement of the implementation of the new normal (vaccine) on manufacturing sector companies. The object of research is through the official website of the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). Data collection by the documentation method collects data and information obtained from www.idx. co.id and www.finance. yohoo.com websites which contain the closing daily stock price and the number of stock trading transactions and the overall number of shares that are distributed at a certain time. The results showed that there was an abnormal difference in returns before and after the announcement of the implementation of the new normal in the manufacturing sector. The announcement of the implementation of the new normal in Indonesia contains information that is different from before. The second hypothesis shows that there was no significant difference in trading volume activity in the period before and after the announcement of the implementation of the new normal in the manufacturing sector. This illustrates that investors do not get signals related to existing information, because they do not give different reactions to trading volume activity.
Homological Invariants for Connected DG Algebras

In this article, we study various homological invariants of differential graded (DG for short) modules over a connected DG algebra following Frankild–Jørgensen. Two different versions of homological dimensions (resolutional and functorial) are defined. In some cases, they are proved to be simply the bound of the cohomology of the DG module. Some homological identities, such as Auslander–Buchsbaum formula and Bass formula, are proved for compact DG modules over a connected DG algebra.
SrTiO 3 and BaTiO 3 revisited using the projector augmented wave method: Performance of hybrid and semilocal functionals

The structural, electronic, and phonon properties of the cubic and tetragonal phase of ${\text{SrTiO}}_{3}$ and ${\text{BaTiO}}_{3}$ are studied from ab initio. The calculations are performed in the projector augmented wave density-functional theory framework using the local density approximation, gradient corrected functionals, and hybrid functional as implemented in the Vienna ab initio simulation package. Due to the large variation of theoretical predictions for the frequency of the ${\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{15}$ (TO1) zone-center phonon mode $(94i\ensuremath{-}64\text{ }{\text{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1})$ special attention is accorded to this particular mode and its volume dependence.