Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Recurrent Residual Networks Contain Stronger Lottery Tickets

Accurate neural networks can be found just by pruning a randomly initialized overparameterized model, leaving out the need for any weight optimization. The resulting subnetworks are small, sparse, and ternary, making excellent candidates for efficient hardware implementation. However, finding optimal connectivity patterns is an open challenge. Based on the evidence that residual networks may be approximating unrolled shallow recurrent neural networks, we conjecture that they contain better candidate subnetworks at inference time when explicitly transformed into recurrent architectures. This hypothesis is put to the test on image classification tasks, where we find subnetworks within the recurrent models that are more accurate and parameter-efficient than both the ones found within feedforward models and than the full models with learned weights. Furthermore, random recurrent subnetworks are tiny: under a simple compression scheme, ResNet-50 is compressed without a drastic loss in performance to $48.55\times $ less memory size, fitting in under 2 megabytes. Code available at: https://github.com/Lopez-Angel/hidden-fold-networks.
Three dimensional calculation of magnetic forces and displacements of a claw-pole generator

This paper deals with the procedure of calculating the vibration of a claw-pole generator. The stimulating forces of magnetic origin are calculated for several speeds. For the calculation of the displacements, the total generator system (stator plates with windings and housing) is taken into account. The displacement magnitude of the housing surface mainly causes the audible noise. The procedure makes it possible to ascertain the vibratory condition of an electrical machine just by means of the design and material data. Some results of stator vibration are presented and compared with measurements.
A Multi-Polarization Series-Fed Antenna Array Based on Eccentric Ring

A multi-polarization series-fed antenna working at 10 GHz is presented in this paper. The patch elements are built by eccentric rings which can realize the performance of circular polarization. The dual-port feeding allows us to switch the polarization of the antenna. The right-hand circular polarization (RHCP), left-hand circular polarization (LHCP), and Linear polarization (LP) polarization can be realized by properly feeding form. The changing of antenna polarization without switch controlling. Owing to the circular array arrangement, the antenna can form a compact structure. The key features of this array are multi-polarization and traveling-wave series-fed performance. The axial ratios are lower than 3dB measured. The <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\vert \text{S}_{21}\vert $ </tex-math></inline-formula> is lower than −14 dB in the mentioned bandwidth. Then, a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$4\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> 4 MIMO array which has compact structure is designed and simulated. The circular array is processed and measured. The experimental and simulation results are in good agreement.
Deep-Learning-Based Metal Artefact Reduction With Unsupervised Domain Adaptation Regularization for Practical CT Images

CT metal artefact reduction (MAR) methods based on supervised deep learning are often troubled by domain gap between simulated training dataset and real-application dataset, i.e., methods trained on simulation cannot generalize well to practical data. Unsupervised MAR methods can be trained directly on practical data, but they learn MAR with indirect metrics and often perform unsatisfactorily. To tackle the domain gap problem, we propose a novel MAR method called UDAMAR based on unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA). Specifically, we introduce a UDA regularization loss into a typical image-domain supervised MAR method, which mitigates the domain discrepancy between simulated and practical artefacts by feature-space alignment. Our adversarial-based UDA focuses on a low-level feature space where the domain difference of metal artefacts mainly lies. UDAMAR can simultaneously learn MAR from simulated data with known labels and extract critical information from unlabeled practical data. Experiments on both clinical dental and torso datasets show the superiority of UDAMAR by outperforming its supervised backbone and two state-of-the-art unsupervised methods. We carefully analyze UDAMAR by both experiments on simulated metal artefacts and various ablation studies. On simulation, its close performance to the supervised methods and advantages over the unsupervised methods justify its efficacy. Ablation studies on the influence from the weight of UDA regularization loss, UDA feature layers, and the amount of practical data used for training further demonstrate the robustness of UDAMAR. UDAMAR provides a simple and clean design and is easy to implement. These advantages make it a very feasible solution for practical CT MAR.
Improved Square Wave Injection Strategy for the Voltage Balance Control of Cascaded H-Bridge Rectifier

The modular cascaded H-bridge (CHB) adopted as the active front-end rectifier in the power electronic traction transformer (PETT) tends to suffer from dc voltage imbalance issues when the load powers of each module are severely unbalanced. The existing square wave injection strategy (SWIS) can improve the capacitor voltage balancing performance, but the maximum amount of the injected square wave in the high-power modules is only $1- M$ ( $M$ is the average modulation index). In order to extend the load imbalance operation range of the CHB, the improved SWIS (ISWIS) proposed in this article not only increases the square wave content in the high-power module to 1 (the modulation index is increased to 1.27) but also reduces the phase between the ac voltage and ac current of the high-power module to 0 when the load imbalance becomes severer. These two important changes allow the high-power H-bridge (HB) modules to transmit the maximum active power. Moreover, the overmodulation problem caused by the superposition of the opposite compensation signal in the low-power modules is analyzed, and an effective solution is then proposed to avoid the current distortion issue. Both simulation and experimental results prove the correctness and validity of the proposed strategy.
DIAGONAL HORN GAUSSIAN EFFICIENCY ENHANCEMENT BY DIELECTRIC LOADING FOR SUBMILLIMETER WAVE APPLICATION AT 150 GHz

The dielectric pyramid loaded and the dielectric cone loaded diagonal horn working at 150GHz are investigated by using Gaussian beam mode analysis. With extremely low cross-polarized and axially symmetrical fleld distribution in the horn aperture, the calculated fundamental Gaussian mode coupling achieves about 98%. The far fleld radiation patterns of the two antennas are analyzed using fundamental Gaussian mode aperture-fleld distribution model whose results agree with high-accuracy CST TM software computations, indicating that the dielectric loaded horns radiate flne Gaussian beams. The dielectric loaded geometry may be used to modify the diagonal horns with distorted beam.
Electromagnetic scattering by pyramidal and wedge absorber

Electromagnetic scattering from pyramidal and wedge absorbers used to line the walls of modern anechoic chambers is measured and compared with theoretically predicted values. The theoretical performance for various angles of incidence is studied. It is shown that a pyramidal absorber scatters electromagnetic energy more as a random rough surface does. The apparent reflection coefficient from an absorber wall illuminated by a plane wave can be much less than the normal absorber specifications quoted by the manufacturer. For angles near grazing incidence, pyramidal absorbers give a large backscattered field from the pyramid side-faces or edges. The wedge absorber was found to give small backscattered fields for nuclear-grazing incidence. Based on this study, some new guidelines for the design of anechoic chambers are advocated because the specular scattering models used at present do not appear valid for pyramids that are large compared to the wavelength. >
An overview on linear and nonlinear Dirac equations

In this paper we review the variational treatment of linear and nonlinear eigenvalue problems involving the Dirac operator. These problems arise when searching for bound states and bound energies of electrons submitted to external or self-consistent interactions in a relativistic framework. The corresponding energy functionals are totally indefinite and that creates difficulties to define variational principles related to those equations. Here we describe recent works dealing with this kind of problems. In particular we describe the solutions found to linear Dirac equations with external potential, the Maxwell-Dirac equations, some nonlinear Dirac equations with local nonlinear terms and the Dirac-Fock equations arising in the description of atoms and molecules.
An analytical approach to the analysis of dispersion characteristics of microstrip lines

An analytical method for determining the dispersion characteristics of microstrip lines is given. The method uses dual integral equations. The analysis is rigorous, and it expresses the solution of the dispersion equation in terms of the solution of a double infinite system of linear equations. The system coefficients are given by certain quadratures. The numerical examples reveal the high convergence order of the method. >
A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF HILLARY CLINTON’S SPEECH “WOMEN’S RIGHTS ARE HUMAN RIGHTS”

In the research, the speech “Women’s rights are human rights” by Hillary Clinton will be analyzed in the light of critical discourse analysis (CDA) as both theory and method to reveal how power and ideology are embedded in language in particular and the relation between language and society in general. Initially, the theoretical framework of CDA, the concepts of power and ideology are presented. The social context of women’s position including women’s position in the past and women’s position nowadays is also revealed. The research then briefs on Hillary Clinton’s role in struggling for women’s rights. In terms of methodology, the importance of Systemic Functional Grammar to CDA and a framework of CDA procedure, which set the basis for the analysis of the speech “Women’s rights are human rights”, will be introduced and explained. Thirdly, the article analyzes the speech in the light of CDA. The analysis consists of three stages namely description, interpretation and explanation. The last part summarizes the major findings, provides concluding remarks, gives implication to teaching and learning translation and makes recommendations for further studies.
Natural wave propagation in mine environments

Theoretical and experimental aspects of the natural propagation of high-frequency waves in mines are presented. A narrow-band and a wide-band analysis have been carried out to determine the most important characteristics of the channel such as the longitudinal attenuation, the coherence bandwidth, and the delay spread of the impulse response in the various areas of an underground mine. The basic principle of a localization of a mobile has also been checked by determining the direction of arrival of the waves.
Crosstalk within a brain-breast-bone axis regulates mineral and skeletal metabolism during lactation

To support the increased calcium demands for milk production during lactation, a dramatic and reversible physiological response occurs to alter bone and mineral metabolism. This coordinated process involves a brain-breast-bone axis that integrates hormonal signals that allow for adequate calcium delivery to milk yet also protects the maternal skeletal from excessive bone loss or decreases in bone quality or function. Here, we review the current knowledge on the crosstalk between the hypothalamus, mammary gland, and skeleton during lactation. We discuss the rare entity of pregnancy and lactation associated osteoporosis and consider how the physiology of bone turnover in lactation may impact the pathophysiology of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Further understanding of the regulators of bone loss during lactation, particularly in humans, may provide insights into new therapies for osteoporosis and other diseases of excess bone loss.
Reliability Improvement of Magnetic Corrosion Monitor for Long-Term Applications

Electromagnetic techniques are widely employed for corrosion detection, and their performance for inspection of corrosion is well established. However, limited work is carried out on the development and reliability of smart corrosion monitoring devices for tracking internal or buried thickness loss due to corrosion remotely. A novel smart magnetic corrosion transducer is developed for long-term monitoring of thickness loss due to corrosion at critical locations. The reliability of the transducer is enhanced by using a dissimilar active redundancy approach. The improved corrosion monitor has been tested in the ambient environment for seven months to evaluate the stability against environmental factors and degradation. The monitor is found to show great sensitivity to detect defects due to corrosion. Detection of anomalous patterns in the time series data received from the monitors is accomplished by using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The critical component of the monitor is identified at the end of the test. Research findings reveal that, compared to the existing corrosion monitoring techniques in the industry, the detection and isolation of faulty sensor features introduced in this study can contribute to reliable monitoring of thickness loss due to corrosion in ferromagnetic structures over an extended period of time.
Attentional strategy choice is not predicted by cognitive ability or academic performance

ABSTRACT People exhibit vast individual variation in the degree to which they choose optimal attentional control strategies during visual search, although it is not well understood what predicts such variation. In the present study, we sought to determine whether markers of real-world achievement (assessed via undergraduate GPA) and cognitive ability (e.g., general fluid intelligence) could predict attentional strategy optimization (assessed via the Adaptive Choice Visual Search task; [Irons, J. L., & Leber, A. B. (2018). Characterizing individual variation in the strategic use of attentional control. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 44(10), 1637–1654]). Results showed that, while general cognitive ability predicted visual search response time and accuracy, neither achievement nor cognitive ability metrics could predict attentional strategy optimization. Thus, the determinants of attentional strategy remain elusive, and we discuss potential steps to shed light on this important research topic.
FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF A MODEL OF SIMULATED VERTEBRAL CEMENT AUGMENTATION: INFLUENCE OF THE REPRESENTATION OF THE SHAPE OF THE CEMENT DOMAIN ON BIOMECHANICAL PARAMETERS

Vertebral cement augmentation is rapidly becoming the modality of choice for treating patients who are experiencing severe and persistent pain because of osteoporosis-induced vertebral compression fracture(s). The resulting cement domain (the part of the vertebral body (VB) filled with the cement) has an irregular or complicated shape. In literature reports of finite element analysis (FEA) of models of simulated vertebral cement augmentation, a variety of representations of the shape of the cement domain have been used. In the literature, only very limited attention has been given to the issue of the influence of cement domain shape representation on biomechanical parameters for a given combination of model and loading. This issue is the subject of the present work, with the model being of the L1-L3 motion segments. Augmentation of an unfractured L2 (prophylactic augmentation) was simulated, three cement domain shapes were considered — namely, solid cylinder, with rounded edges; two prolate spheroids; and.
Robustness of linear periodically-time-varying closed-loop systems

The paper is concerned with the development of quantitative results that lead to a characterisation of the uncertainty types to which linear, periodically time-varying (LPTV), closed-loop systems are insensitive. The results are expressed in terms of the gap metric, which is a measure of the distance between the graphs of two systems. Towards establishing the main results, a formula for the directed gap is derived for LPTV systems. This formula is essentially a, generalisation of that given in Georgiou (1983), for linear, time-invariant (LTI) systems. In fact, all of the results obtained in this paper are analogous to those known to hold for LTI systems (although they do not follow directly from these). Importantly, the results presented in this paper apply to a class of sampled-data (SD) control systems as a special case and are a step towards characterising the quality of SD approximations of LTI, continuous-time controllers.
Applying the Horvitz-Thompson criterion in complex designs: A computer-intensive perspective for estimating inclusion probabilities

A modification of the Horvitz-Thompson estimator is proposed for complex sampling designs. The inclusion probabilities are estimated by means of independent replications of the sampling scheme. The properties of the resulting estimator are derived. Guidelines for choosing the appropriate number of replications are given and some applications are considered. Copyright 2006, Oxford University Press.
THE MODIFIED CONSTANT Q SPECTROGRAM (MCQS) AND ITS APPLICATION TO PHASE VOCODING

This thesis discusses the development of amodified constant Q spectrogram representation which is invertible in a least-squares sense. A good quality inverse is possible because this modified transform method, unlike the usual sliding window constant Q spectrogram, does not discard any data samples when performing the variable length discrete Fourier transforms on the original signal. The development of a phase vocoder application using this modified technique is also discussed. It is shown that MCQS phase vocoding is not a trivial extension of the regular FFT-based phase vocoder algorithms and some of the mathematical subtleties related to phase reconstruction are addressed. The Modified Constant Q Spectrogram and Phase Vocoding Ingle, Atul
On maximal transitive subtournaments

A tournamentTn consists of a finite set of nodes1, 2, …, n such that each pair of distinct nodes i and j is joined by exactly one of the arcsij or ji. If the arc ij is in Tn we say that i beats j or j loses to i and write i→j. If each node of a subtournament A beats each node of a subtournament B we write A→B and let A + B denote the tournament determined by the nodes of A and B.
Efficacy, safety and immunogenicity of etanercept biosimilars versus reference biologics in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A meta-analysis

Background: Although with the application of etanercept biosimilars in the field of rheumatoid arthritis, the evidences of their efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity are still limited. We conducted this meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy, safety and immunogenicity of etanercept biosimilars for treating active rheumatoid arthritis compared to reference biologics (Enbrel®). Methods: PubMed, Embase, Central, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched for randomized controlled trials of etanercept biosimilars treated in adult patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis from their earliest records to 15 August 2022. The outcomes included ACR20, ACR50, and ACR70 response rate at different time points from FAS or PPS, adverse events, and proportion of patients developed anti-drug antibodies. The risk of bias of each included study was assessed using the revised Cochrane Risk of Bias in Randomised Trials tool, and the certainty of evidence was rated according to the Grading of Recommendation Assessment, Development, and Evaluation. Results: Six RCTs with 2432 patients were included in this meta-analysis. Etanercept biosimilars showed more benefits in ACR50 at 24 weeks from PPS [5 RCTs, OR = 1.22 (1.01, 1.47), p = 0.04, I 2 = 49%, high certainty], ACR50 at 1 year from PPS [3 RCTs, OR = 1.43 (1.10, 1.86), p < 0.01, I 2 = 0%, high certainty] or FAS [2 RCTs, OR = 1.36 (1.04, 1.78), p = 0.03, I 2 = 0%, high certainty], and ACR70 at 1 year from PPS [3 RCTs, OR = 1.32 (1.01, 1.71), p = 0.04, I 2 = 0%, high certainty]. In terms of other outcomes about efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity, the results showed that there was no significant difference between etanercept biosimilars and reference biologics, and the certainty of evidences ranged from low to moderate. Conclusion: Etanercept biosimilars showed more benefits in ACR50 response rate at 1 year than reference biologics (Enbrel®), other outcomes for clinical efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of etanercept biosimilars were comparable with originator in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO, identifier CRD42022358709
Particle acceleration in Blazars

Abstract Understanding the variable emission of blazars observed with gamma-ray telescopes and Fermi has become a major challenge for theoretical models of particle acceleration. Here, we introduce a novel time-dependent emission model in which the maximum energy of particles is determined from a balance between Fermi type I and II acceleration energy gains and radiative energy losses, allowing for an explanation of both the characteristic spectral energy distribution of blazars and their intrinsic sub-hour variability. Additionally, we can determine the physical condition of the emitting plasma concerning its turbulence and typical shock speeds.
Deterministic generation of singlet state of N atoms in coupled cavities via adiabatic passage of a dark state

In this paper, we propose an efficient scheme to generate the N-atom singlet state via adiabatic passage of a dark state in cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) system. Appropriate Rabi frequencies of the classical fields are selected to realize the present scheme. We discuss the influence of decoherence induced by cavity decay and atomic spontaneous emission by numerical calculation. The result shows that the scheme is insensitive to atomic spontaneous emission as the atomic excited state is hardly populated in adiabatic evolution.
An online hybrid BCI combining SSVEP and EOG-based eye movements

Hybrid brain-computer interface (hBCI) refers to a system composed of a single-modality BCI and another system. In this paper, we propose an online hybrid BCI combining steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) and eye movements to improve the performance of BCI systems. Twenty buttons corresponding to 20 characters are evenly distributed in the five regions of the GUI and flash at the same time to arouse SSVEP. At the end of the flash, the buttons in the four regions move in different directions, and the subject continues to stare at the target with eyes to generate the corresponding eye movements. The CCA method and FBCCA method were used to detect SSVEP, and the electrooculography (EOG) waveform was used to detect eye movements. Based on the EOG features, this paper proposes a decision-making method based on SSVEP and EOG, which can further improve the performance of the hybrid BCI system. Ten healthy students took part in our experiment, and the average accuracy and information transfer rate of the system were 94.75% and 108.63 bits/min, respectively.
Laser cooling of three-level atoms in two standing waves

We present a general theoretical description of laser cooling of three-level atoms in a Λ configuration in two standing waves. Detunings, intensity, and spatial phase difference of the two waves are arbitrary. We demonstrate that, for a zero spatial phase shift, sub-Doppler cooling requires equal detunings. The basic mechanism is then coherent population trapping. For different detunings sub-Doppler cooling occurs only when the spatial phases of the two standing waves are different. This effect can be traced back to a mechanism of the Sisyphus type. These schemes of sub-Doppler cooling require neither polarization gradients nor magnetic fields.