Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Real-time ultrasound-guided neuraxial anesthesia for cesarean section in parturients with previous internal fixation surgery for lumbar fracture: a case series

Neuraxial anesthesia (i.e., spinal or epidural block) is the preferred type of anesthesia for cesarean section (CS) worldwide (1-3). Compared with general anesthesia (GA), neuraxial anesthesia may reduce the incidence of maternal airway complications and without potential adverse effects of general anesthetics on the newborn (4). Currently, GA is used almost exclusively in emergency CS or when neuraxial anesthesia has failed or is contraindicated (5). It remains unclear which anesthesia is most appropriate for CS in parturients who have undergone internal fixation surgery for lumbar fracture. Neuraxial anesthesia is not an absolute contraindication in these patients (6,7); however, postoperative distortion of the anatomy makes the block technically challenging and may increase the likelihood of failure, inadvertent dural puncture during epidural anesthesia, paresthesias, or unpredictable spread of the local anesthetic (8). Nevertheless, neuraxial anesthesia should be considered, as it offers undeniable advantages for CS. To date, there have been only a few case reports on the use of this technique in patients who have undergone internal fixation surgery for lumbar fracture (7,9). In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in the use of ultrasound (US) for assisted or real-time guided neuraxial anesthesia, as it may help to increase the success rate. Preprocedural spinal US assessment can accurately determine the optimum best introduction site, angle, direction of approach, and depth to the epidural space, and subsequently reduce the number of attempts to administer neuraxial anesthesia (10-12). Real-time US guidance may offer the additional advantages of visualizing the needle tip and allowing adjustment of the trajectory (13-15). Despite these potential advantages, there have been no reports on real-time US-guided neuraxial anesthesia for CS in parturients after internal fixation surgery for lumbar fracture. In this study, we report on our experience with 4 such patients.
Towards Explainability in Modern Educational Data Mining: A Survey

: Data mining has become an integral part of many educational systems, where it provides the ability to explore hidden relationship in educational data as well as predict students’ academic achievements. However, the proposed techniques to achieve these goals, referred to as educational data mining (EDM) techniques, are mostly not explainable. This means that the system is black-boxed and offers no insight regarding the understanding of its decision making process. In this paper, we propose to delve into explainability in the EDM landscape. We analyze the current state-of-the-art method in EDM, empirically scrutinize their strengths and weaknesses regarding explainability and making suggestions on how to make them more explainable and more trustworthy. Furthermore, we propose metrics able to efﬁciently evaluate explainable systems integrated in EDM approaches, therefore quantifying the degree of explanability and trustworthiness of these approaches.
METHODICAL APPROACH TO COMPLEX INVESTMENT ANALYSIS OF CASH FLOWS ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE FLEET REPLENISHMENT PROJECT

The purpose of the article is to develop a methodical approach to complex investment analysis of cash flows on the example of shipping investment. This is especially relevant for projects in the shipping industry with a significant capital costs, a high share of debt financing, a low profitability and a high risk. The study used such scientific methods as financial modelling, analysis and synthesis of results, logic and analytical methods. Authors have developed the approach to investment analysis of cash flows for the shipbuilding project, which includes five stages. At the first stage the structure of investment are determined, taking into account ship type and size and building terms. The second stage involves construction the three statements model for forecasting of financial indicators. At the third stage assessment of profitability and liquidity were fulfilled. At the fourth stage security cover ratios and average breakeven were analysed. The fifth stage is devoted to risk assessment with using techniques of sensitivity and scenario analysis.
Increasing flower species richness in agricultural landscapes alters insect pollinator networks: Implications for bee health and competition

Abstract Ecological restoration programs are established to reverse land degradation, mitigate biodiversity loss, and reinstate ecosystem services. Following recent agricultural intensification that led to a decrease in flower diversity and density in rural areas and subsequently to the decline of many insects, conservation measures targeted at pollinators have been established, including sown wildflower strips (WFS) along field margins. Historically successful in establishing a high density of generalist bees and increasing pollinator diversity, the impact of enhanced flower provision on wider ecological interactions and the structure of pollinator networks has been rarely investigated. Here, we tested the effects of increasing flower species richness and flower density in agricultural landscapes on bee‐plant interaction networks. We measured plant species richness and flower density and surveyed honeybee and bumblebee visits on flowers across a range of field margins on 10 UK farms that applied different pollinator conservation measures. We found that both flower species richness and flower density significantly increased bee abundance, in early and late summer, respectively. At the network level, we found that higher flower species richness did not significantly alter bee species' generality indices, but significantly reduced network connectance and marginally reduced niche overlap across honeybees and bumblebee species, a proxy for insect competition. While higher connectance and niche overlap is believed to strengthen network robustness and often is the aim for the restoration of pollinator networks, we argue that carefully designed WFS may benefit bees by partitioning their foraging niche, limiting competition for resources and the potential for disease transmission via shared floral use. We also discuss the need to extend WFS and their positive effects into spring when wild bee populations are established.
The Impact of Product-Industry Characteristics on Effective Patterns of Product Development

A product development project can be regarded as a bundle of problem-solving cycles by which an organization tries to construct a "cause map" for a future value-creation (i.e., production-consumption) process. Effective patterns of product development, in this context, means a set of organizational routines that can articulate such a cause map accurately and efficiently, and thereby enhance the chance of the new product's success. It follows that, to the extent that typical patterns of value creation processes differ by industry and product type, effective patterns of product development routines may also differ between them. Based on this contingency perspective of successful product development routines, we collected questionnaire-based data from 203 Japanese product development projects, derived some generic and specific hypotheses from the above framework, and tested them through a simple correlation analysis between 32 effective routine variables and 20 product-industry characteristic variables. The statistical results supported most of our 16 specific hypotheses. Although we need further empirical investigation along this line, the current study is consistent, at least partially, with our contingency perspective: Effective patterns of product development routines may differ when the underlying patterns of value creation processes are different across products, markets and industries.
Relativas livres transparentes em Português: algumas reflexões sintáticas

The goal of this paper is to analyse the syntax of a group of free relatives called “transparent free relatives” (TFR) in European Portuguese. Starting from several properties, we will argue in favour of the hypothesis that the “pivot” of TFR is the wh word and not the predicate of the free relative (FR). Such morpheme is the invariable constituent o que, the most unspecified of wh morphemes in Portuguese. As in all FR, there is a null D (or a D occupied by a determiner) that selects a CP complement, which makes it unnecessary to propose a null antecedent pro. In order to explain the invariable and inseparable o que, we follow Medeiros Júnior (2016), for whom this morpheme is the result of reanalysis in Contemporary European Portuguese. We also develop the idea that they always involve a small clause expressed by a copulative verb, mainly ser ‘to be’, they are therefore predicative and they are, most of the times, indefinite, but they also may contain a definite expression, as already argued for Portuguese by Ferreira (2007).
A Bayesian Approach to Calculating Free Energies in Chemical and Biological Systems

A common objective of molecular simulations in chemistry and biology is to calculate the free energy difference between systems of interest. We propose to improve estimates of these free energies by modeling the underlying probability distribution as a the square of a “wave function”, which is a linear combination of Gram‐Charlier polynomials. The number of terms, N, in this expansion is determined by calculating the posterior probability, P(N | X), where X stands for all energy differences sampled in a simulation. The method offers significantly improved free energy estimates when the probability distribution is broad and non‐Gaussian, which makes it applicable to challenging problems, such as protein‐drug interactions.
Assortative mixing by degree makes a network more unstable

We investigate the role of degree correlation among nodes on the stability of complex networks, by studying spectral properties of randomly weighted matrices constructed from directed Erd\"{o}s-R\'enyi and scale-free random graph models. We focus on the behaviour of the largest real part of the eigenvalues, $\lambda_\text{max}$, that governs the growth rate of perturbations about an equilibrium (and hence, determines stability). We find that assortative mixing by degree, where nodes with many links connect preferentially to other nodes with many links, reduces the stability of networks. In particular, for sparse scale-free networks with $N$ nodes, $\lambda_\text{max}$ scales as $N^\alpha$ for highly assortative networks, while for disassortative graphs, $\lambda_\text{max}$ scales logarithmically with $N$. This difference may be a possible reason for the prevalence of disassortative networks in nature.
Lagrangian Circle Actions

We consider paths of Hamiltonian diffeomorphism preserving a given compact monotone Lagrangian in a symplectic manifold that extend to an $S^1$--Hamiltonian action. We compute the leading term of the associated Lagrangian Seidel element. We show that such paths minimize the Lagrangian Hofer length. Finally we apply these computations to Lagrangian uniruledness and to give a nice presentation of the Quantum cohomology of real lagrangians in Fano symplectic toric manifolds.
Two-dimensional semiconductors of Cr–X3–H3 (X = O, S, Se, and Te) structures with large magnetic anisotropy and high Curie temperature

In this study, using first-principles calculations, we predicted a novel family of two-dimensional (2D) magnetic materials: hydrogenated chromium tri-chalcogenides Cr–X3–H3 (X = O, S, Se, and Te). Hydrogenated chromium tri-chalcogenides materials are dynamically stable and can therefore be synthesized in the laboratory. Generally, 2D Cr–X3–H3 crystals have a semiconducting band structure, with gaps as large as 2.38 eV in the case of Cr–O3–H3. The Cr–O3–H3 is the only one presenting antiferromagnetic order with out-of-plane magnetic anisotropy energy (MAE), whereas the rest (X = S, Se, and Te) are ferromagnetic with strong in-plane MAE, which increases when going down from oxygen to tellurium in the periodic table. Using Monte Carlo methods, we also obtained the Curie temperature (T c), which showed the expected dependence on X atoms based on the MAE values. Moreover, the Cr–X3–H3 systems showed weakly frequency-dependent of the dielectric functions. Therefore, the refraction index variance with frequency is slight, and the reflectivity is nearly zero in all the systems. The current study is an example of how simulations can aid in the design of 2D materials that have large MAE and high T c values for next-generation spintronic devices.
Spectroscopic evidence for a charge-density-wave condensate in a charge-ordered manganite: Observation of a collective excitation mode in Pr 0.7 Ca 0.3 MnO 3 by using THz time-domain spectroscopy

THz time-domain spectroscopy was used to directly probe the low-energy (0.5-5 meV) electrodynamics of the charge-ordered manganite Pr 0 . 7 Ca 0 . 3 MnO 3 . We revealed the existence of a finite peak structure around 2-3 meVwell below the charge gap ∼300 meV. In analogy to the low-energy optical properties of the well-studied low-dimensional materials, we attributed this observed structure to the collective excitation mode arising from the charge-density-wave condensate. This finding provides the importance role of the quasi-one-dimensional nature of the charge and orbital ordering in Pr 0 . 7 Ca 0 . 3 MnO 3 .
Dense Molecular Gas and Star Formation in Nearby Seyfert Galaxies

An imaging survey of CO(1-0), HCN(1-0), and HCO$^+$(1-0) lines in the centers of nearby Seyfert galaxies has been conducted using the Nobeyama Millimeter Array and the RAINBOW interferometer. Preliminary results reveal that 3 Seyferts out of 7 show abnormally high HCN/CO and HCN/HCO$^+$ ratios, which cannot occur even in nuclear starburst galaxies. We suggest that the enhanced HCN emission originated from X-ray irradiated dense obscuring tori, and that these molecular line ratios can be a new diagnostic tool to search for ``pure'' AGNs. According to our HCN diagram, we suggest that NGC 1068, NGC 1097, and NGC 5194 host ``pure'' AGNs, whereas Seyfert nuclei of NGC 3079, NGC 6764, and NGC 7469 may be ``composite'' in nature.
Analysis of acoustic properties of multi-layered structures by means of effective acoustic impedance matrix

The effective acoustic impedance matrix (Z(k)) is proposed, and its applications are discussed. After defining (Z(k)), it is shown that (Z(k)) for any kind of multilayered structure can be determined successively from the bottom substrate to the top layer. The use of (Z(k)) obviates some problems often occurring in the numerical calculation of multilayered structures. Using three typical examples, it is shown how (Z(k)) can be conveniently applied to characterize acoustic wave excitation and propagation in certain complicated layered structures as well as in semi-infinite substrates. <<ETX>>
Are Millennials Different? A Time-Lag Study of Federal Millennial and Generation X Employees’ Affective Commitment

Stereotypes about Millennials permeate conversations about public management, often without evidence. Based on generational theory and psychological contract theory, this study hypothesizes and empirically compares affective commitment levels of U.S. federal Millennials and Generation Xers. This study uses a time-lag design with data from the 2011 Federal Viewpoint Survey and the 2004 Federal Human Capital Survey to investigate Millennials and Generation Xers under 30 years old and untangle the generational difference effect while controlling for the age difference. The findings show that Millennials reported slightly higher levels of affective commitment in comparison with Generation Xers (contrary to common stereotypes). This study also reports null findings or the absence of evidence for the differences regarding how managerial practices (support for work–life balance, financial rewards, and meaningful work) influence their affective commitment. In addition, federal employees belonging to the Millennial generation reported work interests differing from the common stereotypes. This study advances public management scholarship regarding affective commitment of generations and young employees, as well as contributing evidence about generational differences in an under-studied field: the public sector. Practically, the findings help reduce erroneous stereotypes and foster effective and equitable management of the public workforce.
Quantum computing: pro and con

I assess the potential of quantum computation. Broad and important applications must be found to justify construction of a quantum computer; I review some of the known quantum algorithms and consider the prospects for finding new ones. Quantum computers are notoriously susceptible to making errors; I discuss recently developed fault–tolerant procedures that enable a quantum computer with noisy gates to perform reliably. Quantum computing hardware is still in its infancy; I comment on the specifications that should be met by future hardware. Over the past few years, work on quantum computation has erected a new classification of computational complexity, has generated profound insights into the nature of decoherence, and has stimulated the formulation of new techniques in high–precision experimental physics. A broad interdisciplinary effort will be needed if quantum computers are to fulfil their destiny as the world's fastest computing devices. This paper is an expanded version of remarks that were prepared for a panel discussion at the ITP Conference on Quantum Coherence and Decoherence, December 1996.
The expected ionization of HI by line-of-sight neighbour quasars : measuring the quasar beaming

Medium and low resolution spectra of the Lyman forest, and the region between the Ly α and C IV emission lines respectively of the z em = 2.331 quasar Q2224-408 A are presented, in an ongoing study of the effect of the ionizing flux from line of sight foreground neighbours on the spectra of background quasars. No observable effect are found, and it is concluded that with the amount of data presently available a simple isotropic ionization model can be excluded on the 3.2 σ level
Spectral Comparisons of Neutron Star Low-Mass X-Ray Binarieswith Black Hole X-Ray Binaries

The study of high-resolution X-ray spectra of neutron star low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) allows the investigation of the innermost parts of the accretion disk and immediate surroundings of the compact object. The weak magnetic eld of old neutron stars present in such systems allows the accretion disk to approach very close to the compact object, like in black hole X-ray binaries. Using data from X-ray satellites such as XMM-Newton, RXTE, and BeppoSAX, I studied the reection component in two neutron star LMXBs: MXB 1728-34 and 4U 1735-44. I showed that the iron line at 6:4
Imaging and Pathological Correlation in Spectrum of Fibrocystic Breast Disease and its Mimics – our Experience

Background: Fibrocystic change (FCC) of the breast is one of the most common benign breast diseases commonly observed between 20-50 years, with a peak in the perimenopausal age group. Patients present with various symptoms such as lump in the breast, mastalgia (commonly related to the menstrual cycles) or nipple discharge. Materials and Methods: In our retrospective study, which included 172 patients, the imaging findings were observed by ultrasound and X-ray mammogram. Based on the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) guidelines given by the American college of Radiology (ACR), our imaging findings were classified as BI-RADS 2 in benign lesions, complicated cysts were classified as probably benign - BI-RADS 3. Indeterminate findings were classified as suspicious lesions and BI-RADS 4a/b/c. Imaging and histopathological correlation was performed. Results: Ultrasound findings revealed diffuse/ bilateral abnormalities with the most common finding being simple cysts followed in descending order by complicated cysts, clustered cysts, complex solid cystic masses, solid lesions, duct ectasia, and intraductal lesions. Mammogram showed dense (type C or D) fibro glandular pattern obscuring the lesions, followed by well-defined / partly obscured opacities. Simple cysts and complicated cysts showed predominant features of cyst formation on HPE. Atypical hyperplasia was seen in ductal and complex solid cystic mass lesions. Conclusion: It is essential for radiologists to be familiar with imaging and pathological findings of fibrocystic disease of the breast for further workup and management.
On the realistic validation of photometric redshifts

Two of the main problems encountered in the development and accurate validation of photometric redshift (photo-z) techniques are the lack of spectroscopic coverage in feature space (e.g. colours and magnitudes) and the mismatch between photometric error distributions associated with the spectroscopic and photometric samples. Although these issues are well known, there is currently no standard benchmark allowing a quantitative analysis of their impact on the final photo-z estimation. In this work, we present two galaxy catalogues, Teddy and Happy, built to enable a more demanding and realistic test of photo-z methods. Using photometry from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and spectroscopy from a collection of sources, we constructed datasets which mimic the biases between the underlying probability distribution of the real spectroscopic and photometric sample. We demonstrate the potential of these catalogues by submitting them to the scrutiny of different photo-z methods, including machine learning (ML) and template fitting approaches. Beyond the expected bad results from most ML algorithms for cases with missing coverage in feature space, we were able to recognize the superiority of global models in the same situation and the general failure across all types of methods when incomplete coverage is convoluted with the presence of photometric errors - a data situation which photo-z methods were not trained to deal with up to now and which must be addressed by future large scale surveys. Our catalogues represent the first controlled environment allowing a straightforward implementation of such tests. The data are publicly available within the COINtoolbox (this https URL).