Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Visiting Hours Impact on Indoor to Outdoor Ratio of Fungi Concentration at Golestan University Hospital in Ahvaz, Iran

Prevalence of diseases originated from air pollution such as asthma and allergies, can be attributed to the bioaerosols. Bacteria and fungi are the main sources of hospital infections, which cause most of the diseases and mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the ratio of indoor to outdoor fungi concentration, the effect of population and people density on fungi concentration and the relationship between indoor and outdoor environment. In this study, three stations were used: outdoor of the hospital, general indoor and ICU wards of the Ahvaz hospital. These locations were chosen for sampling of the airborne fungi from October to December 2010. The samples were collected in 2 min, flow rate of 28.3 L/min using quick take (SKC Inc., PA, USA), based on the Andersen method. The three dominant culturable fungi genera in sampling stations were Aspergillus , Penicillium , and Cladosporium . The average of total culturable fungi concentration before visiting time was 365.8 CFU m -3 and increased to 578CFU m -3 after visiting time. The indoor to outdoor ratios (I/O) in ICU and internal for fungi before visit were 0.36 and 0.68, respectively. However, these ratios in ICU and internal station for fungi after visit were 0.78 and 0.99, respectively. Following the visit of the visitors, the concentration of fungi available indoor was conspicuously higher (even in the wards in which no visitors were allowed; e.g. ICU, etc). Hence the amount of indoor fungi was affected by the concentration of outdoor fungi and visitors crowd.
Tree species mapping around reclaimed oil and gas wells sites using hyperspectral and Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) remote sensing

Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) CREATE scholarship (Advanced Methods, Education and Training in Hyperspectral Science and Technology; AMETHYST). Alberta Terrestrial Imaging Centre (ATIC). TECTERRA. Oil Sands Research and Information Network (OSRIN). Alberta Environment and Sustainable Resource Development (ESRD)
Crustal and upper mantle structure beneath western Tibet using seismic traveltime tomography and receiver functions

OF THE DISSERTATION . ii DEDICATION . iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . v PREFACE . viii TABLE OF CONTENTS . xv Chapter 1: Crustal and uppermost mantle structure beneath western Tibet using seismic traveltime tomography . 1 1.1 Abstract . 1 1.2 Introduction . 2 1.3 Previous studies in western Tibet . 4 1.4 Data . 6 1.5 Methodology . 8 1.6 1D velocity model and earthquake relocation . 9 1.7 3D velocity inversion . 10 1.8 Observational geometry and velocity control . 12 1.9 Resolution tests . 13 1.10 Features of the final 3D model . 17 1.11 Discussion . 18 1.12 Conclusions . 23 1.13 References . 25 1.14 Figure Captions . 29 1.14. 1 Supplementary Figure Captions . 33 1.15 Figures . 34 1.15. 1 Supplementary Figures . 42
Note technique d'implantation d’un réseau de pluviomètres en terrain viticole sur la côte de Beaune (France)

La mesure precise des precipitations est indispensable dans de nombreux domaines et en particulier en viticulture. En domaine viticole, les precipitations sont generalement mesurees par des pluviometres formant des reseaux peu denses. Dans le cadre du projet Hydravitis, un reseau de 45 pluviometres a ete implante sur une zone de 28 km2 situee au nord de Beaune (Bourgogne, France). La methodologie mise en œuvre est presentee pour chacune des etapes (choix du materiel, controle en laboratoire, determination des sites, installation et entretien, controles in situ) de l'implantation de ce reseau. En perspective, le reseau Hydravitis devrait permettre de traiter de multiples questions sur la variabilite spatiale des precipitations au niveau de la zone d’etude et de fournir une base de donnees permettant la validation d’outils de teledetection comme les systemes radar meteo ou d’outils predictifs comme les modeles climatiques regionaux ou phytosanitaires.
Dengue Fever Epidemics and the Prospect of Vaccines: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Using Clinical Trials in Children

About half of the world’s population is at risk of dengue infection. Epidemics of dengue fever have caused an increased risk of morbidity and mortality in recent years, which led to the exploration of vaccines as a preventive measure. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy, immune response, and safety of dengue vaccines in children by analyzing clinical trials. The review followed standard procedures for data extraction using PRISMA guidelines and searching multiple databases, including PubMed, CINAHL, Medline, Health Source, Science Direct, and Academic Search Premiere. Eligible studies involved children (0–17 years old). Quality assessment was analyzed using the Cochrane Collaboration criteria, while data synthesis was conducted using thematic analysis and meta-analysis. Among the 38 selected studies, dengue vaccines showed varying efficacy against all four serotypes. The CYD-TDV (Dengvaxia®) and Tekade (TAK-003) vaccines showed strong protection against severe dengue, but their long-term efficacy varied. Vaccines triggered satisfactory immune responses, notably in those previously exposed to dengue. Safety profiles were mostly favorable, noting mild adverse events post-vaccination. Meta-analysis supported vaccine efficacy and immune response, but safety concerns warrant further exploration. In conclusion, dengue vaccines showed promising efficacy and immune response, particularly against severe manifestations.
Cardiac Autonomic Reactivity Tests in Type A and Type B Personalities

Background: A considerable link between personality types and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) has been seen. Autonomic responses in both type A and type B personality individuals were found to be influenced by their personality traits. The study suggests further research on cardiac autonomic functions in larger sample sizes and the use of non-invasive screening techniques like cardiovascular reflex tests to stratify participants' risk of future illness. Objective: This study aimed to assess autonomic stress reactivity tests in type A and type B personalities using cardiovascular reflex tests. Methods: This study was conducted at the Department of Physiology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi. The Hunter-Wolf Personality Questionnaire Scale was used to identify 60 adults, 30 of whom were classified to have type A personality and 30 have type B personality, from the psychiatry department. Autonomic function tests, such as the handgrip tests, cold pressor test, deep breathing test (DBT), lying-to-standing test (LST), and Valsalva maneuver, were performed and recorded for each subject. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 21 (released 2012; IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, United States) was used for the compilation and analysis of data. Results: The E:I (expiration-to-inspiration) ratio and delta heart rate of the type A personality patients both significantly decreased (p = 0.000*) as compared to the type B personality patients (1.18 ± 0.03 versus 1.25 ± 0.77 and 1.18 ± 0.03 versus 1.25 ± 0.77). The Valsalva ratio of the type A personality patients decreased (1.38 ± 0.10) as compared to the type B personality patients (1.48 ± 0.18), which was statistically significant (p = 0.001*). The 30:15 ratio in the type A personality patients was significantly decreased (p = 0.03*) compared to the type B personality patients (1.12 ± 0.05 versus 1.15 ± 0.10). The handgrip test and cold pressor test results were statistically insignificant. Conclusion: Compared to the type B personality patients, which exhibited an increase in both parasympathetic and sympathetic reactivity, the type A personality patients exhibited a reduction in resting cardiovascular parameters and resting autonomic tone. Consequently, in order to stratify the participants' risk of future illness, we recommend employing non-invasive procedures, such as cardiovascular reflex tests, as a screening technique.
Laparoscopic gastrectomy for gastric cancer: A single cancer center experience

Objective: Laparoscopic gastrectomy (LG) was challenging to most surgeons due to the two-dimensional view, difficult manipulations of the instruments, ergonomic discomfort, and the associated muscular spasm and effort. Technological advances with improved surgical experience, have made LG a more feasible and favorable approach for gastric cancer (GC) patients. Material and Methods: LG was performed in 44 patients with GC between July 2015 to June 2022, in the Department of Surgical Oncology, Oncology Center, Mansoura University, Egypt, and we assessed the surgical outcomes of this approach as an initial experience of a single cancer center. Results: Twenty-seven patients underwent laparoscopic distal gastrectomy, and seventeen underwent laparoscopic total gastrectomy. Two cases had combined resection. Operative time was 339.2 ± 76.73 min, while blood loss was 153.86 ± 57.51 mL. The patients were ambulant on postoperative day 0, oral intake was started within three days (range 1-5 days) and the hospital stay was six days (range 3-9 days). Conclusion: LG for GC is a feasible approach for both early and advanced GC patients as it allows for adequate diagnosis of the peritoneal disease, meticulous dissection, and identification of the lymph nodes with minimal blood loss and decrease surgery-related problems and encourage the early patients’ discharge from hospital and return to daily life activities.
Holografia digital complexa utilizando um interferômetro shearing

Recently the so called “digital phase shift holography” was introduced as a way to improve the quality of the digitally reconstructed image and to reduce the resolution limitations of digital holography. Not only the light intensity of the hologram is recorded, but also the phase of each point of the hologram. As a result, a complex digital hologram is recorded. We prefer to call this principle as “complex digital holography”. Both digital holography and digital complex holography are very sensitive to environmental disturbances. Those characteristics make both techniques difficult to be applied outside of a laboratory environment. This work presents a new configuration that uses a shearing interferometer to produce an implicit reference wave in front of the CCD (Charge Couple Device) of a high-resolution camera. A phase shifting device is also used to change the relative phase between each shearing pair. Twelve different images are acquired and combined to form a complex digital hologram without an explicit reference wave. This configuration is almost not sensitive to external vibrations due to its quasi-equal-path configuration. Details of the principle and of its practical implementation are presented. Some phase propagation algorithms to determine the phase hologram were developed and a comparative analyze is discussed. Well controlled experiments were carried out in order to verify the viability of the developed technique and to evaluate its possibilities and limitations.
Even Beyond the Local Community: A Close Look at Latina Youths' Return Trips to Mexico

Drawing from nearly four years of qualitative research, this article examines the lives of three second-generation mexicanas living in northern California who maintain close ties to their families' natal communities in Mexico. This ethnographic portrait outlines the contours of belonging in these spaces, including the affection and close relationships established with members in Mexico and the enactment of their ritual and spiritual personae in local religious shrines in Jalisco. While the youth and other family members experience certain discrimination and marginalization in the United States—or are not treated as full citizens because they are immigrants of color—the local and family knowledge that the young women gain during their return trips to Mexico serves as a powerful counter-story of existence and helps temper the subtractive aspects of assimilation.
Implementing Authentic, University-Level Engineering Design Coursework in Pre-College Programs

Effective engineering curricula are sparse at the secondary level, and often revolve around projectsfor-a-grade instead of implementing solutions to real-world challenges. The upfront cost of the existing curricula can be cost prohibitive to low-income schools. The authors adapted and implemented Rice University’s Freshman Design class, ENGI 120, a university-level, client-focused engineering design curriculum at Yes Prep Brays Oaks, a public charter school that serves primarily low-income, minority students. By adapting an existing model to secondary education, it is possible to ensure high-quality materials regardless of budgetary constraints. This paper explores the impact of this course on the students at YES Prep as a case study for possible partnerships between future universities and pre-college programs.
Assessment of Drivers’ Mental Workload by Multimodal Measures during Auditory-Based Dual-Task Driving Scenarios

Assessing drivers’ mental workload is crucial for reducing road accidents. This study examined drivers’ mental workload in a simulated auditory-based dual-task driving scenario, with driving tasks as the main task, and auditory-based N-back tasks as the secondary task. A total of three levels of mental workload (i.e., low, medium, high) were manipulated by varying the difficulty levels of the secondary task (i.e., no presence of secondary task, 1-back, 2-back). Multimodal measures, including a set of subjective measures, physiological measures, and behavioral performance measures, were collected during the experiment. The results showed that an increase in task difficulty led to increased subjective ratings of mental workload and a decrease in task performance for the secondary N-back tasks. Significant differences were observed across the different levels of mental workload in multimodal physiological measures, such as delta waves in EEG signals, fixation distance in eye movement signals, time- and frequency-domain measures in ECG signals, and skin conductance in EDA signals. In addition, four driving performance measures related to vehicle velocity and the deviation of pedal input and vehicle position also showed sensitivity to the changes in drivers’ mental workload. The findings from this study can contribute to a comprehensive understanding of effective measures for mental workload assessment in driving scenarios and to the development of smart driving systems for the accurate recognition of drivers’ mental states.
Early Cannon Development in Females of the “Sanmartinero” Creole Bovine Breed

Simple Summary In creole bovine breeds, it is essential to know the change in morphological traits related to the size of the animal; this morphological change is known as allometry. With allometric studies, the function of body structures and their relationship with the performance and survival of breeds and species can be analyzed. The aim of this study was to describe the allometric growth of certain body parts of the Sanmartinero creole bovine breed, from an early age. A total of 79 females with an age range of 0.5 to 10 years were studied. Body measurements were obtained individually: cannon perimeter, thoracic perimeter, body length, withers height, and body weight. Functional and production indices were obtained for animals aged more than 3 years: corporal index, anamorphosis index, dactylo thoracic index, and the relative thickness of the cannon. The correlation between body weight and cannon perimeter did not show any tendency towards a plateau. In other words, in the Sanmartinero bovine, a very early development of the cannon perimeter is detected, which could cause bone fragility in heavier animals. The data suggest a low harmony with appendicular bone development, that is, less robust shaft bones to support body mass. Therefore, the measurement of the thoracic perimeter, the withers height, and the thorax perimeter should be considered in genetic improvement programs of the Sanmartinero creole bovine. Abstract The variation in the dimensions of the body of living beings in relation to their size, function, or shape is known as allometry. Allometry studies allow the analysis of the function of body structures and their relationship with the performance and survival of breeds and species. The aim of this study was to describe the ontogenetic characteristics of the weight of certain bone elements of the Sanmartinero creole bovine breed, from an early age (6 months) until maturity. A total of 79 females of the Sanmartinero creole bovine breed with an age range of 0.5 to 10 years were studied. Body measurements were obtained individually using standard procedures: cannon perimeter, thoracic perimeter, body length, withers height, and body weight. Functional and production indices were obtained for animals aged more than 3 years (n = 53): corporal index, anamorphosis index, dactylo thoracic index, and the relative thickness of the cannon. The correlation between body weight and the cannon perimeter showed no trend towards a plateau. In the Sanmartinero creole bovine, therefore, a very early development of the cannon perimeter is detected, which could lead to bone fragility in heavier animals. Therefore, data suggest little harmony with appendicular bone development, i.e., with less robust cannons which are those necessary to support body mass. It is suggested that in genetic improvement programs of the Sanmartinero creole bovine, the measurement of the cannon perimeter, the withers height, and the thoracic perimeter should be considered.
Fiscal Gaps and Financing of Southeast Asia’s Protected Areas: A Cross-Country Analysis

This cross-country study examined how park managers and decision makers in Southeast Asia responded in the face of pressures on PAs, and assessed the level of resource gaps based on a number of indicators. A sample of 402 PAs from Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam were surveyed in the study. Of the 16 pressure and 15 response variables identified for the pressure-response analysis, the indicators of pressure were (1) number of inhabitants per 1,000 hectares (ha) (or per square kilometer) of PA; (2) population adjacent to the PA per 1,000 ha of the PA; (3) number of visitors per 1,000 ha; (4) length of trails per 1,000 ha; and (5) length of roads per 1,000 ha. The response indicators were (1) full-time staff per 1,000 ha; (2) number of enforcement staff per 1,000 ha; (3) expenditure for operations per hectare; and (4) patrol stations per 1,000 ha.
Hybrid systems based on organic dyes and clay minerals: Fundamentals and potential applications

Abstract This review summarizes several aspects of the interactions between organic dyes and clay minerals, and presents some interesting properties of hybrid materials based on these components. It explains the basic phenomena and photophysical properties of dye/clay mineral hybrid systems (DCHS) while examining the role of clay minerals in them. A brief history of using dyes as tools for clay research and on traditional materials based on DCHS is presented. Metachromasy, the phenomenon of colour change related to the formation of dye molecular aggregates is described in detail and analysed from various perspectives. The properties of DCHS, including photoactivity, luminescence, photocatalytic properties, optical anisotropy and non-linear optical properties are analysed in detail. Clay minerals often play a significant role in the occurrence of specific photophysical phenomena such as resonance energy transfer and luminescence quenching and may influence various reactions, such as conformational changes in dye molecules, photochromism, photoisomerization, photosensitization and other photochemical processes. Routes to synthesize various types of hybrid materials are also described here. The relevance of DCHS for clay research, chemistry and materials science is summarized briefly.
Evolution Pattern of the Yellow River Estuary Coast

The paper summarizes the evolution pattern of the Yellow River estuary under the actions of sediment,waves and coastal engineering works.It finds out through study that a) the coastal evolution of the Yellow River estuary is not only influenced by sediment,tidal and tidal current,but also notably influenced by waves and coastal engineering works;b) the tendency of the coastal evolution of the river develops towards to the northeast surf in a vertical direction and;c) the reasons of estuary erosion of Diaokou River after stopping the flow are not only the reduction of sediment,but also sea dike erosion under the wave action.It suggests that a) the social,economic and ecologic planning of the Yellow River estuary should provide sufficient space for the estuary flow path and follow the sequence of "the sides of estuary first and the central area later" while arranging the flow path.In this way,it can fully utilize the volume of sediment keeping capacity of the Bohai Sea to reduce the influence of sedimentation extension at the Yellow River estuary to the downstream channel and;b) to change the sink channel of Qingshuigou towards to the Laizhou Bay in the near future.
Management of feral horses in the National Park Service.

Feral horses are considered non-native species within units of the National Park Service. Feral horse management actions depend heavily on whether they are considered desirable or detrimental within a particular locale. Public sentiment and population visibility has traditionally had substantial influence on actions taken. Author’s address: National Park Service, Biological Resource Management Division, 1201 Oakridge Dr. #200, Fort Collins, CO 80525; e-mail: jenny_powers@nps.gov. © 2014 AAEP.
On the Performance Evaluation of Protocol State Machine Reverse Engineering Methods

—Having access to the specifications of network protocols is essential for several reasons in IT security. When the specifications are not known, one may turn to protocol reverse engineering methods to reconstruct these, typically by analysing recorded network traffic or inspecting an executable that implements the protocol. First, the format and structure of the messages need to be recovered, then the state machine of the protocol itself. Over the years, several solutions have been proposed for both tasks. As a consequence, picking the right solution for a given scenario is often a complex problem that involves evaluating and comparing various solutions. In this paper, we review the current means of evaluating the performance of protocol state machine reverse engineering methods. To help alleviate the shortcomings of the current methodology, we propose two new metrics of performance to be measured: correctness and completeness of output for partial runs (when runtime is bounded). These, combined with previously used metrics should make it easier to pick the most ideal choice for a given use case. We also propose the examination of cases where the algorithms have to work with incomplete or inaccurate syntactical information. We showcase how these new metrics and related information may be useful for the evaluation and comparison of various algorithms by applying these new methods to evaluate the performance of a recent protocol state machine reverse engineering method.