Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Antecedents and Consequences of Goal Incongruity on New Product Development in Five Countries: A Marketing View

This article examines an important challenge to effective cross-functional integration: goal incongruity among marketing, research and development (RD and (2) factors that facilitate the formation of such goals. We give special attention to the effect of national culture on the formation of common goals. Data collected from marketing managers in 1,083 firms in five culturally distinct areas—-the United States, Great Britain, Japan, Hong Kong (a special administrative region of China), and mainland China—are used to test the hypothesized relationships. Our results underscore the importance of people-side issues, and of national culture, in cross-functional integration. Perceived goal incongruity among marketing, R&D, and manufacturing impairs all three components of cross-functional integration. In United States and British firms, goal incongruity generally is attributed to motivational factors and in Japan and Hong Kong to facilitative factors. Finally, our results show that the two types of managerially controllable variables interact. For example, joint rewards and job rotation strengthen each other's tendency to reduce goal incongruity in all five samples. This suggests that job rotation promotes the development of joint goals more effectively when it is accompanied by a joint reward system.
Conditions for pets to prevent depression in older adults

ABSTRACT Objective: The study aims to determine if and how pet availability and engagement predicted depression in older adults. The prediction can be unconditional or independent of the sociodemographic characteristics of the older adult and/or conditional or dependent on the characteristics. These predictions rest on the contribution of resources pooled from older adults, their spouses, and pets, according to ecological theory. Method: The present study analyzed the effects of pet availability and engagement based on a survey of 340 older adults in Hong Kong, China. Results: Pet engagement but not pet availability manifested a significant negative effect on depression unconditionally. In addition, pet availability and engagement indicated some significant negative effects conditionally, including living with the spouse as a condition. Conclusion: For preventing depression in older adults, promoting their pet availability and engagement is promising. Particularly, the promotion would be more effective for older adults living with their spouses and being more resourceful than for others.
Reducing Deviance Through Youths’ Mutual Aid Group Dynamics

The mutual aid group, as supported by the social worker, emerges to play a vital role in helping group members reduce their deviance or behavioral problem. However, how the collaboration of the group and social worker accomplishes the reduction has remained uncharted. Based on social capital theory, mutual aid and cohesion within the group and social workers’ specific aid for the group are likely responsible for the reduction. The test of such hypotheses relies on a two-wave panel survey of the members of 60 mutual aid groups who had deviant behavioral problems, located in Hong Kong, China. These groups had 241 youths completing both initial and 1-year follow-up surveys. Results manifested the direct or unconditional contributions of mutual aid, group cohesion, and social workers’ specific aid to reducing deviance. Hence, social workers can enhance the effectiveness of the mutual aid group in reducing youths’ deviance.
Nasal and nasal‐type T/NK cell lymphoma: a unique form of lymphoma associated with the Epstein‐Barr virus

The report by van Gorp et al. in an earlier issue of Histopatkology’ adds to the body of literature on nasal T-cell lymphomas, providing further evidence that this disease is part of a distinct clinicopathological entity which should be recognized in current lymphoma classification schemes. As the authors noted, the disease is common in Asian countries, but has been reported less frequently in Western nations2-’. Nevertheless, this report and others indicate that nasal T-cell lymphomas occurring worldwide are identical with respect to all evaluable features: histopathology, clinical behaviour, immunophenotype, genotype, and association with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). The basis for the increased frequency in Asians is, as yet, unexplained. The disease is common in Southern China, where nasopharyngeal carcinoma, another EBV-associated nasal malignancy is also prevalent2s9. However, in contrast to nasopharyngeal carcinoma, a high incidence is seen in other Asian nations such as Japan and Taiwan, as well as in western China . Similarly, a high frequency of the disease has been reported among Native Americans in Peru and Mexico, regions in which nasopharyngeal carcinoma is rare’ ‘. Iz. Therefore, other risk factors besides EBV must play a role in the pathogenesis of both nasopharyngeal carcinomas and nasal T-cell lymphomas. Racial variations in HLA determinants may play a role in the development of nasal T-cell lymphoma. For example, HLA A l l is prevalent among New Guinea populations, in whom it has been shown to be associated with a mutation of EBNA-4 that abrogates cytotoxic T-cell recognition of EBV13. By contrast, HLA A l l is rare among Caucasians, in whom cytotoxic T-cell’s recognizing the EBNA-4 peptide dominate the immune response to EBV. A profitable area for future research would be to study both HLA determinants and the immune response to EBV among high risk populations. In their report, van Gorp and colleagues focus 3.5,10
Temporal broadening of attosecond photoelectron wavepackets from solid surfaces

1Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK 2Laboratory of Ultrafast Spectroscopy, ISIC, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland 3Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Hamburg University, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany 4IPS, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann von Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany 5Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany 6Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China 7CNRS, Institut NÉEL, F-38042 Grenoble, France *Corresponding author: william.okell09@imperial.ac. uk
Low Genetic Diversity of Oval Squid, Sepioteuthis cf. lessoniana (Cephalopoda: Loliginidae), in Japanese Waters Inferred from a Mitochondrial DNA Non-coding Region

Genetic diversity and population structure of Japanese populations of the oval squid, Sepioteuthis cf. lessoniana, were compared with populations from Taiwan and Vietnam using nucleotide sequences of the mitochondrial DNA non-coding region 2. In total, 402 nucleotide sequences representing 242 individuals from Japanese waters (Ishikawa, Japan Sea coast of Honshu; Tokushima, eastern Shikoku; Nagasaki, western Kyushu; and Okinawajima and Ishigakijima Island, in the Ryukyu Archipelago) and the East and South China Seas (Keelung, northern Taiwan; Vietnam, Gulf of Tonkin) were examined. Among the 29 haplotypes recognized, haplotype no. 1 was shared by more than 75% of individuals from Japanese localities, whereas it was found in less than 13% of specimens from the East and South China Seas populations. Conversely, the East and South China Seas populations included more than 30% individuals with haplotype no. 2, whereas less than 10% of haplotype no. 2 individuals were from Japanese localities. The differences of haplotype and nucleotide diversities between pooled Japanese populations (0.2639, 0.23%) and the East and South China Seas populations (0.7900, 1.01%) indicate that S. cf. lessoniana from Japanese waters exhibits lower genetic diversity. An analysis of molecular variance between the Japanese populations and the East and South China Seas populations was highly significant. A minimum spanning tree of 29 haplotypes and an Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic mean (UPGMA) tree based on pairwise FST comparisons also supported the separation between Japanese and the East and South China Seas populations. We suggest that the Kuroshio Current physically limits gene flow and has thus caused the differences in genetic diversity among the populations examined.
Measuring and circumventing Internet censorship

An ever increasing amount of governments, organisations, and companies employ Internet censorship in order to filter the free flow of information. These efforts are supported by an equally increasing number of companies focusing on the development of filtering equipment.Only what these entities consider right can pass the filters. This practice constitutes a violation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and hampers progress. This thesis contributes novel techniques to measure and to circumvent Internet censorship. In particular, we 1) analyse how the Great Firewall of China is blocking the Tor network by using active probing techniques as well as side channel measurements, we2) propose a concept to involve users in the process of censorship analysis, we 3) discuss the aptitude of a globally-deployed network measurement platform for censorship analysis, and we 4) propose a novel circumvention protocol. We attach particular importance to practicality and usability. Most of the techniques proposed in this thesis were implemented and some of them are deployed and used on a daily basis. We demonstrate that the measurement techniques proposed in this thesis are practical and useful by applying them in order to shed light on previously undocumented cases of Internet censorship. We employed our techniques in three countries and were able to expose previously unknown censorship techniques and cooperation between a corporation and a government for the sake of censorship. We also implemented a circumvention protocol which was subsequently deployed and is used to evade the Great Firewall of China.
Real-Time Estimation of Arterial Travel Times with Spatial Travel Time Covariance Relationships

This paper investigates the use of real-time automatic vehicle identification (AVI) data and an offline travel time database for real-time estimation of arterial travel times in Hong Kong, China. The offline database consists of average link travel times and spatial link travel time covariance matrices by time of day, day of week, and week of month. Three-month historical travel time estimates and real-time AVI data are adopted for calibration and updating of the spatial covariance relationships of link travel times on Hong Kong arterial roads. A case study has been carried out on a selected path in a Hong Kong urban area to evaluate the performance of three alternative methods for real-time estimation of arterial travel times: fixed offline database (Method 1), continuously updated offline database (Method 2), and continuously updated offline database generated by the nonparametric regression method (Method 3). The validation results show that the travel time estimation errors of Methods 2 and 3 are significantly reduced when compared with those using the fixed offline database.
Some Common Problems of Married Women

Background: Intimate interaction between a man and a woman is fueled by sex. For the majority of individuals, having a healthy and fulfilling sexual life requires having a pleasant and fulfilling sexual experience. Among a sample of Egyptian women, the study's goal was to examine some of the most frequent sexual issues experienced by spouses. Patients and procedures: 50 married mid-aged women participated in this research over the course of four months after study initiation. The questionnaires were given to the subjects in open envelopes, and when they filled them out, the subjects sealed the envelopes and placed them in a basket with other sealed envelopes to guarantee the confidentiality of the information collected and the anonymity of the subject. In the study, women's most common complaints were that their husbands ejaculate too quickly (14%), are always silent during sex (13.2%), only have a short time of foreplay (10.8%), don't know how to get orgasm (10%), force their wives to do oral sex (2.8%), use foul language during sex (2.8%), and other reasons (37.6). In terms of age, there was no statistically significant difference between those who feigned orgasm and those who didn't. In terms of FGC, there was no statistically significant difference between those who faked orgasm and those who didn't. To summarise, there were many significant issues that wenet seemed to be experiencing as a result of trying to maintain their husband's dignity. Sexuality-related sensitive problems will always be a challenge to deal with. Nevertheless, it is both possible and necessary to continue gathering data in this field.
LIFE-CYCLE ANALYSIS OF WATER MAIN MATERIALS IN THE OPTIMAL DESIGN OF THE 'ANYTOWN' WATER NETWORK

This paper examines the economy-wide environmental impacts linked to network expansion decisions in the ‘Anytown’ benchmark water distribution network. The non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) is used to generate Pareto-optimal solutions of the benchmark ‘Anytown’ network expansion problem. An economic input-output life-cycle analysis (EIO-LCA) model is used to evaluate air emissions generated in the manufacturing of PVC and ductile iron (DI) pipes, steel tanks, and to evaluate the generation of electricity for pumping in water distribution network optimization. Preliminary results suggested that differences in inner diameter of DI and PVC pipes produced differences in Pareto-optimal fronts for the two pipe materials. Air emissions generated in pipe manufacturing and electricity production for pumping water were greater than air emissions linked to steel tank manufacturing for both pipe materials.
Isolation and Identification of a Rare Spike Gene Double-Deletion SARS-CoV-2 Variant From the Patient With High Cycle Threshold Value

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging life-threatening pulmonary disease caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which originated in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, in December 2019. COVID-19 develops after close contact via inhalation of respiratory droplets containing SARS-CoV-2 during talking, coughing, or sneezing by asymptomatic, presymptomatic, and symptomatic carriers. This virus evolved over time, and numerous genetic variants have been reported to have increased disease severity, mortality, and transmissibility. Variants have also developed resistance to antivirals and vaccination and can escape the immune response of humans. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR) is the method of choice among diagnostic techniques, including nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs), serological tests, and diagnostic imaging, such as computed tomography (CT). The limitation of RT–PCR is that it cannot distinguish fragmented RNA genomes from live transmissible viruses. Thus, SARS-CoV-2 isolation by using cell culture has been developed and makes important contributions in the field of diagnosis, development of antivirals, vaccines, and SARS-CoV-2 virology research. In this research, two SARS-CoV-2 strains were isolated from four RT–PCR-positive nasopharyngeal swabs using VERO E6 cell culture. One isolate was cultured successfully with a blind passage on day 3 post inoculation from a swab with a Ct > 35, while the cells did not develop cytopathic effects without a blind passage until day 14 post inoculation. Our results indicated that infectious SARS-CoV-2 virus particles existed, even with a Ct > 35. Cultivable viruses could provide additional consideration for releasing the patient from quarantine. The results of the whole genome sequencing and bioinformatic analysis suggested that these two isolates contain a spike 68-76del+spike 675-679del double-deletion variation. The double deletion was confirmed by amplification of the regions spanning the spike gene deletion using Sanger sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that this double-deletion variant was rare (one per million in public databases, including GenBank and GISAID). The impact of this double deletion in the spike gene on the SARS-CoV-2 virus itself as well as on cultured cells and/or humans remains to be further elucidated.
Navigating Turbulent Political Waters: From Corporate Political Advocacy to Scansis in the Case of NBA-China Crisis

ABSTRACT Drawing on insights from both rhetorical arena theory and contingency theory of conflict management, this study examines the role of political factors in shaping stakeholder groups’ perceptions and organizational responses and stances in a scansis of a multinational corporation. This study combined qualitative content analysis and semantic network analysis to analyze organizational responses, news coverage, and social media posts regarding the National Basketball Association (NBA)–China crisis in 2019, triggered by an online comment from a team executive supporting the Hong Kong protesters. The findings show (1) the presence of diverse and rich political-laden and politically divided discussions in news coverage and social media posts, (2) a subsequent change in the NBA’s stance, from accommodative toward defensive, in response to those discussions, and (3) the great role of geopolitics/international politics and political values as political contingency factors in steering organizational, media, and digital public discourses. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Impact of Sky Terrace Locations on Pedestrian Ventilation and Air Quality in High-Density Areas Using CFD Simulation

Urban ventilation significantly alleviates heat accumulation, removes air pollution, and provides outdoor thermal comfort for pedestrians in cities. Due to urbanization, a high density of building clusters can block wind flows and decrease wind velocity in the city's inner areas, which leads to uncomfortable conditions and poor air quality. Several urban morphology designs, including increasing open space and reducing the building height and degree of enclosure, could promote natural ventilation for pedestrians in urban areas. However, with the high demand for land and property prices in high-density and compact cities, such design features might not be suitable. Building permeability via sky terraces has been implemented in Hong Kong and Singapore to promote urban ventilation in high-density areas. However, there is little research on how the sky terrace locations and their application in multiple buildings could affect pedestrian wind comfort and air quality. This study investigated the effect of sky terraces of three different heights on improving air ventilation and air pollution dispersion in the central business area of Bangkok, Thailand. The wind environment and age of air were investigated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. The results showed that the sky terraces significantly improved the air quality at the pedestrian level, and more areas had higher wind speeds and achieved wind comfort conditions. Lower-level sky terraces impacted the pedestrian wind environment more than upper-level ones. Accelerated wind passage through the bottom-level sky terraces could change local wind patterns, reducing pedestrian wind speed and comfort in some areas. The current study introduces the potential benefits and limited applications of sky terraces in a cluster of high-rise buildings to improve urban ventilation performance in a high-density area.
Twitter Bots Influence on the Russo-Ukrainian War During the 2022 Italian General Elections

In February 2022, Russia launched a full-scale invasion of Ukraine. This event had global repercussions, especially on the political decisions of European countries. As expected, the role of Italy in the conflict became a major campaign issue for the Italian General Election held on 25 September 2022. Politicians frequently use Twitter to communicate during political campaigns, but bots often interfere and attempt to manipulate elections. Hence, understanding whether bots influenced public opinion regarding the conflict and, therefore, the elections is essential. In this work, we investigate how Italian politics responded to the Russo-Ukrainian conflict on Twitter and whether bots manipulated public opinion before the 2022 general election. We first analyze 39,611 tweets of six major political Italian parties to understand how they discussed the war during the period February-December 2022. Then, we focus on the 360,823 comments under the last month's posts before the elections, discovering around 12% of the commenters are bots. By examining their activities, it becomes clear they both distorted how war topics were treated and influenced real users during the last month before the elections.
LRRK2 A419V Is Not Associated with Parkinson's Disease in Different Chinese Populations

It has been suggested that a common LRRK2 polymorphic variant (A419V (rs34594498 C >T)) may be a risk factor among Asians (especially in Taiwan). In this study, we examined this variant in a larger and independent Taiwan cohort. We found the frequency of the variant (A419V) to be very rare in our Taiwan PD and controls (? 0.6%). Further studies were conducted in two other Chinese populations (Singapore and China), comprising of a total of 3004 subjects including 1517 PD patients and 1487 control subjects. However, our multi-center Chinese study revealed that the frequency of the variant was rare (? 0.4%) and was not associated with risk of PD, suggesting that the variant is not a major risk factor for PD among Chinese, at least in our study population.
Empirical potential for the interaction between molecular hydrogen and graphite

D. Y. Sun,1,2 J. W. Liu,1 X. G. Gong,3 and Zhi-Feng Liu1,* 1Department of Chemistry and Centre for Scientific Modeling and Computation, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China 2Key Laboratory of Optical and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China 3Surface Physics Laboratory and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China Received 13 October 2006; revised manuscript received 5 December 2006; published 26 February 2007
Rent Capitalism and Shifting Plantations in the Mekong Borderlands

This chapter documents the impact of Chinese capitalism on the Mekong region’s agricultural sector in Laos based on a survey of the Chinese-owned banana plantations near the Laotian border town of Houy Xai. It will demonstrate how the high demand for bananas in China and unregulated rent capitalism have made it possible for small and medium Chinese banana plantations operating in the ThaiLao border areas to compete successfully with larger companies. However, the small-scale and short-term land acquisitions and the practice of shifting plantation by the Chinese companies have resulted in large-scale, long-term environmental and health impacts on local lives and livelihoods.
Value-at-Risk and Expected Shortfall under Extreme Value Theory Framework : An Empirical Study on Asian Markets

We propose methods in estimating Value-at-Risk (VaR) and expected shortfall (ES); the conditional loss over VaR. Our methodology incorporates the two popular conditional volatility models namely GARCH and exponential weighted moving average (EWMA) in estimating current volatility and applying extreme value theory (EVT) in estimating tail distribution. This study covers ten Asian equity markets, which are Hong Kong, Japan, Singapore, China, Indonesia, Korea, Malaysia, Philippines, Taiwan and Thailand during the period 1993 to 2007. As expected, our conditional EVT models outperform other models with normality assumption in almost all the cases. On the other hand, the conditional EVT models are not trivially different from the filtered historical simulation model (or conditional HS). Regarding the conditional volatility models, even though GARCH can reflect more flexible adjustment than EWMA, the result shows that the simpler EWMA-based models are still useful in both VaR and ES estimation.