Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Control Theory For Partial Differential Equations Volume 1 Abstract Parabolic Systems Continuous And Approximation Theories Encyclopedia Of Mathematics And Its Applications

Optimal Control of Systems Governed by Partial Differential EquationsControl Theory and Partial Differential EquationsFourier Series in Control TheoryControl Theory and Related TopicsPartial Differential Control TheoryControl and NonlinearityDifferential Equations and Control TheoryBoundary Control of PDEsNonlinear Optimal Control TheorySecond Order Partial Differential Equations in Hilbert SpacesOptimal Control Theory for Infinite Dimensional SystemsPartial Differential Control TheoryMathematical Control Theory for Stochastic Partial Differential EquationsControl Theory of Partial Differential EquationsOptimal Control of Partial Differential EquationsMathematical Control Theory for Stochastic Partial Differential EquationsMathematical Control TheoryControl Theory for Partial Differential Equations: Volume 1, Abstract Parabolic SystemsAttractors of Hamiltonian Nonlinear Partial Differential EquationsOptimal Control of Partial Differential EquationsOptimal Control Theory Applied to Systems Described by Partial Differential EquationsInfinite Dimensional Optimization and Control TheoryTrends in Control Theory and Partial Differential EquationsGeneralized Ordinary Differential Equations in Abstract Spaces and ApplicationsControl Theory of Partial Differential EquationsControl of Partial Differential EquationsPartial Differential Equations and Group TheoryControl Theory for Partial Differential EquationsControl Theory of Partial Differential EquationsControl Theory for Partial Differential Equations: Volume 2, Abstract Hyperbolic-like Systems Over a Finite Time HorizonInternational Symposium on Nonlinear Differential Equations and Nonlinear MechanicsControl Theory for Partial Differential EquationsOptimal Control Problems for Partial Differential Equations on Reticulated DomainsControl Theory for Partial Differential EquationsControl Theory for Partial Differential EquationsControl of Partial Differential EquationsElementary Feedback Stabilization of the Linear Reaction-Convection-Diffusion Equation and the Wave EquationControl Theory of Systems Governed by Partial Differential EquationsControl Theory for Partial Differential Equations: Volume 2, Abstract Hyperbolic-like Systems over a Finite Time HorizonNonlinear and Robust Control of PDE Systems
Student Centered Teaching Across the Generations

As educators begin to embrace technology and utilize various web services in the classroom, it is important to note student preferences across the generations. Starting with Baby Boomers and progressing toward Millennials, this literature review will describe student preferences in online education. Various web services and educational freeware will be presented that can be used across the generations in an effort to attract and retain students in online educational settings.
Development of a platform for evaluating sensomotor performance in microsurgery

Microsurgery is a fast developing field. Despite introduction of robot controlled surgical equipment, skills of surgeons have a decisive impact on the success of a surgical intervention in the vast majority of cases. Assessment of suitability of new surgical equipment include usability tests, which are carried out in the field. Alternatively, usability tests are carried out in the lab using a simulator, therefore not necessitating real patients and enabling for a better control of biasing factors. We present the development of a platform, enabling to evaluate objectively sensomotor performance in a task, similar to microsurgery. Applications of the platform range from development of instrumentation and equipment relevant to microsurgery up to realistic investigations of various physiological and psychological factors affecting the sensomotor performance of a surgeon. Results of an experimental evaluation of the platform as well as the experience gained by the authors, support the benefit of the platform for sensomotor tests in a microsurgical environment.
IMPACT OF TREASURY SUPPLY AND THE FED’S ASSET PURCHASES ON THE US TREASURY YIELD CURVE

 In the US, the rapid vaccine rollout and rounds of fiscal stimulus have brightened growth prospects, fuelling market expectations of higher future inflation and earlier Fed tightening. The burgeoning fiscal deficits , which are unlikely to be fully accommodated by the Fed, have also raised concerns that markets will have to absorb a much larger supply of Treasuries going forward. Accordingly, longer-term US Treasury yields have increased sharply since early 2021.
Force-based control for human-robot cooperative object manipulation

In Physical Human-Robot Interaction (PHRI), humans and robots share the workspace and physically interact and collaborate to perform a common task. However, robots do not have human levels of intelligence or the capacity to adapt in performing collaborative tasks. Moreover, the presence of humans in the vicinity of the robot requires ensuring their safety, both in terms of software and hardware. One of the aspects related to safety is the stability of the human-robot control system, which can be placed in jeopardy due to several factors such as internal time delays. Another aspect is the mutual understanding between humans and robots to prevent conflicts in performing a task. The kinesthetic transmission of the human intention is, in general, ambiguous when an object is involved, and the robot cannot distinguish the human intention to rotate from the intention to translate (the translation/rotation problem). This thesis examines the aforementioned issues related to PHRI. First, the instability arising due to a time delay is addressed. For this purpose, the time delay in the system is modeled with the exponential function, and the effect of system parameters on the stability of the interaction is examined analytically. The proposed method is compared with the state-of-the-art criteria used to study the stability of PHRI systems with similar setups and high human stiffness. Second, the unknown human grasp position is estimated by exploiting the interaction forces measured by a force/torque sensor at the robot end effector. To address cases where the human interaction torque is non-zero, the unknown parameter vector is augmented to include the human-applied torque. The proposed method is also compared via experimental studies with the conventional method, which assumes a contact point (i.e., that human torque is equal to zero). Finally, the translation/rotation problem in shared object manipulation is tackled by proposing and developing a new control scheme based on the identification of the ongoing task and the adaptation of the robot’s role, i.e., whether it is a passive follower or an active assistant. This scheme allows the human to transport the object independently in all degrees of freedom and also reduces human effort, which is an important factor in PHRI, especially for repetitive tasks. Simulation and experimental results clearly demonstrate that the force required to be applied by the human is significantly reduced once the task is identified.
Semiconductor device and noise sources modeling: design methods and tools oriented to nonlinear H.F. oscillator CAD

Designing oscillator circuits at RF and microwaves requires specific knowledge in extremely varied fields of electronics. The following items will be the core of the presentation: - The physical processes leading to low-frequency noise in semi-conductor devices and the nonlinear behavior of the noise sources in large signal operating conditions will be detailed - Transistor modeling: A special emphasis will be put on the low-frequency noise modeling associated to the nonlinear transistor models. - Simulations tools: In order to simulate accurately the phase noise in free-running nonlinear oscillator circuits, the frequency domain approach based on the conversion matrices formalism which is related to the harmonic balance formalism will be detailed. - Design rules for low phase noise operation Theoretical conditions to be fulfilled by the circuit will be detailed on the basis of the Leeson analysis revisited. The need of new characterizations and extraction methods of noise sources in actual transistors, for a better prediction of noise performances of nonlinear circuits will be recalled.
Optimization of an Externally Modulated RF Photonic Link

Abstract The noise figure and sub-octave spurious-free dynamic range of a carrier-suppressed analog RF photonic link are examined. Expressions for noise figure and dynamic range are derived as a function of the modulator bias angle. A closed form expression for the bias angle that optimizes link noise figure and spurious-free dynamic range is also derived. Experimental results are presented and shown to agree with calculations. These experimental results include some of the lowest noise figure and highest dynamic range results published to date for an RF photonic link incorporating a standard Mach-Zehnder modulator: 6 dB and 122 dB·Hz2/3, respectively.
Dye extracted from Bael leaves as a photosensitizer in dye sensitized solar cell

This study has explored a new plant source, Bael tree leaves, as an efficient dye extraction towards green energy harvesting through dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The photosensitizers, photo-absorption, bandgap, and ionic conductivity characteristics of the extracted dye were determined using thin-layer chromatography (TLC), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, Tauc plot, and conductivity meter, respectively. Chlorophyll is the main constituent in the extracted dye confirmed by TLC analysis. An optimum concentration (0.2 g ml−1) with ionic conductivity of 455 μS cm−1 of the dye was used as a photoactive layer in DSSC, demonstrating power densities of 1.345 μW m−2 and 8.078 μW m−2 under the illumination of the LED lamp (1555 lx) and tungsten bulb (1926 lx), respectively. Additional parameters, including fill factor (0.26), ideality factor (1.25), characteristic resistance (309 Ω), series resistance (313 Ω), and shunt resistance (662 Ω) of the fabricated DSSC under tungsten illumination reveal that the novel Bael tree leaves-based dye can harvest green energy efficiently through DSSCs.
Dual Fano Resonances Induced by Rectangle-based Plasmonic Resonator for Refractive Index Nano-sensor

A tunable dual Fano-like plasmonic structure consisting of metal-insulator-metal (MIM), baffle and a rectangular cavity containing two identical rectangular metal blocks is obtained. Numerical simulation results show that there are dual Fano resonances in the transmission spectrum of the structure, which can be tuned by changing the geometric parameters of the structure. In addition, due to the apparent asymmetry of the Fano resonances, the system was developed as an effective refractive index sensor (RIS) with a sensitivity of 853 nm/RIU and figure of merit (FOM) of 1631. It is considered that this structure has important application value in high integrated photonic circuit.
Stress Recognition Using Facial Landmarks and Cnn (Alexnet)

Stress is a psychological disorder that affects every aspect of life and diminishes the quality of sleep. The strategy presented in this paper for detecting cognitive stress levels using facial landmarks is successful. The major goal of this system was to employ visual technology to detect stress using a machine learning methodology. The novelty of this work lies in the fact that a stress detection system should be as non-invasive as possible for the user. The user tension and these evidences are modelled using machine learning. The computer vision techniques we utilized to extract visual evidences, the machine learning model we used to forecast stress and related parameters, and the active sensing strategy we used to collect the most valuable evidences for efficient stress inference are all discussed. Our findings show that the stress level identified by our method is accurate is consistent with what psychological theories predict. This presents a stress recognition approach based on facial photos and landmarks utilizing AlexNet architecture in this research. It is vital to have a gadget that can collect the appropriate data. The use of a biological signal or a thermal image to identify stress is currently being investigated. To address this limitation, we devised an algorithm that can detect stress in photos taken with a standard camera. We have created DNN that uses facial positions points as input to take advantage of the fact that when a person is worried their eye, mouth, and head movements differ from what they are used to. The suggested algorithm senses stress more efficiently, according to experimental data.
Finger joint angle estimation based on sEMG signals by Attention-MLP

sEMG(Surface electromyography) signal was widely applied in human-machine interactive field, especially in robotic arm control. In this paper, we built the Attention-MLP (Multilayer Perceptron) model to implement a type of continuous joint angle estimation method based on sEMG for six grasp movements, we tested this model on Ninapro dataset and the average Pearson correlation coefficient (CC) and the average root mean square error (RMSE) of the proposed Attention-MLP method achieved 0.812±0.02 and 10.51±1.98; the average CC and RMSE of this method are better than Sparse Pseudo-input Gaussian processes (SPGP), its average CC and RMSE are 12.14±2.30 and 0.727±0.07. Compared with the traditional method SPGP, our model performed better on continuously estimation of ten main hand joint angles under 6 grip movements.
Cramer-Rao bounds of angle-of-arrival and polarisation estimation for various triads

This work derives the closed-form Cramer–Rao bounds (CRBs) for the estimation of an incident far-field point-source's azimuth-elevation arriving angles and polarisation parameters. The receiving antennas are a triad of spatially collocated but orthogonally oriented dipole(s) and/or loop(s). The CRBs for all 20 possible compositions of such a triad are derived. The derived CRBs are verified by Monte Carlo simulations of maximum-likelihood estimation. Furthermore, the CRBs of triads with two antennas (one dipole and one loop) oriented along the z-axis plus another dipole/loop oriented along the x/y-axis have been simplified in the following three commonly encountered polarisation states: (i) horizontally linear polarisation, (ii) vertically linear polarisation and (iii) right-circular polarisation. Observations are obtained from the derived CRBs to help engineers select antennas among the 20 different triad-compositions for direction finding and polarisation estimation.
A Monopolar Patch Antenna With Very Wide

A monopolar patch antenna that utilizes a band- width broadening technique is investigated experimentally and numerically. The proposed antenna consists of a monopole that is formed by connecting four trapezoidal plates orthogonally. A circular patch, which is shorted to the circular ground plane by four shorting wires, is placed at the top of the monopole. The antenna possesses 10-and 14-dB return loss bandwidths of 138% and 107.2% respectively, which is about 49 times that of the corresponding monopolar wire-patch antenna. Also, it provides monopole-like radiation patterns over such wide oper- ating bandwidth. As the proposed antenna can achieve such wide impedance bandwidth with relatively low profile, it is very suitable for multi-band mobile communication systems. Index Terms—Monopolar patch antenna.
Effectiveness and durability of protection against future SARS-CoV-2 infection conferred by COVID-19 vaccination and previous infection; findings from the UK SIREN prospective cohort study of healthcare workers March 2020 to September 2021

Background: Understanding the duration and effectiveness of infection and vaccine-acquired SARS-CoV-2 immunity is essential to inform pandemic policy interventions, including the timing of vaccine-boosters. We investigated this in our large prospective cohort of UK healthcare workers undergoing routine asymptomatic PCR testing. Methods We assessed vaccine effectiveness (VE) (up to 10-months after first dose) and infection-acquired immunity by comparing time to PCR-confirmed infection in vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals using a Cox regression-model, adjusted by prior SARS-CoV-2 infection status, vaccine-manufacturer/dosing-interval, demographics and workplace exposures. Results Of 35,768 participants, 27% (n=9,488) had a prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. Vaccine coverage was high: 97% had two-doses (79% BNT162b2 long-interval, 8% BNT162b2 short-interval, 8% ChAdOx1). There were 2,747 primary infections and 210 reinfections between 07/12/2020 and 21/09/2021. Adjusted VE (aVE) decreased from 81% (95% CI 68%-89%) 14-73 days after dose-2 to 46% (95% CI 22%-63%) >6-months; with no significant difference for short-interval BNT162b2 but significantly lower aVE (50% (95% CI 18%-70%) 14-73 days after dose-2 from ChAdOx1. Protection from infection-acquired immunity showed evidence of waning in unvaccinated follow-up but remained consistently over 90% in those who received two doses of vaccine, even in those infected over 15-months ago. Conclusion Two doses of BNT162b2 vaccination induce high short-term protection to SARS-CoV-2 infection, which wanes significantly after six months. Infection-acquired immunity boosted with vaccination remains high over a year after infection. Boosters will be essential to maintain protection in vaccinees who have not had primary infection to reduce infection and transmission in this population. Trial registration number ISRCTN11041050
Comments on "The noise figure of optical amplifiers"

In a recent letter, Haus proposes a new definition for the noise figure of optical amplifiers, which would be consistent with previous IRE/IEEE standards concerning microwave amplifiers. This new noise figure is signal-independent and is therefore most general, unlike the current one. The purpose of these comments is not to discuss the deep implications of such a possible change in standards, but only to provide additional clarifications on how the two definitions are connected.
Relationship between impact characteristics and launch direction in softball hitting: A study involving elite players

In the game of softball, the batter should possess the necessary skills to hit the ball toward various directions with high initial speed. However, because various factors influence each other, there are limitations to the range that can be controlled by the batter’s skill. This study was aimed at extracting the impact characteristics associated with the launch speed/direction and batted ball spin and clarifying the important skills required to improve the batter’s hitting performance. In our experiments, 20 female softball players, who are members of the Japan women’s national softball team, hit balls launched from a pitching machine. The movements of the ball and bat before, during, or after the impact were recorded using a motion capture system. Stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed to extract factors relating the side spin rate. The undercut angle (elevation angle between the bat’s trajectory and the common normal between the ball and bat: ΔR2 = 0.560) and the horizontal bat angle (azimuth of bat’s long axis at ball impact: ΔR2 = 0.299) were strongly associated with the side spin rate (total R2 = 0.893, p < 0.001). The undercut angle in opposite-field hitting was significantly larger than that in pull-side hitting (p < 0.001). The side spin rate was associated with the undercut angle because the bat’s distal (barrel) side inclined downward (–29.6 ± 8.7°) at impact. The ball exit velocity was higher when it was hit at a smaller undercut angle (R2 = 0.523, p < 0.001). Therefore, it is deemed desirable to focus on maximizing the ball exit velocity rather than ball spin because the ball–bat impact characteristics vary inevitably depending on the launch direction. Meanwhile, the use of the ball delivery machine and the slower pitched ball are the limiting factors in the generalization of the findings.
Optimizing ECG to detect echocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy with computer-based ECG data and machine learning

Background Left ventricular hypertrophy detected by echocardiography (Echo-LVH) is an independent predictor of mortality. Integration of the Philips DXL-16 algorithm into the electrocardiogram (ECG) extensively analyses the electricity of the heart. Machine learning techniques such as the C5.0 could lead to a new decision tree criterion to detect Echo-LVH. Objectives To search for a new combination of ECG parameters predictive of Echo-LVH. The final model is called the Cardiac Hypertrophy Computer-based model (CHCM). Methods We extracted the 458 ECG parameters provided by the Philips DXL-16 algorithm in patients with Echo-LVH and controls. We used the C5.0 ML algorithm to train, test, and validate the CHCM. We compared its diagnostic performance to validate state-of-the-art criteria in our patient cohort. Results We included 439 patients and considered an alpha value of 0.05 and a power of 99%. The CHCM includes T voltage in I (≤0.055 mV), peak-to-peak QRS distance in aVL (>1.235 mV), and peak-to-peak QRS distance in aVF (>0.178 mV). The CHCM had an accuracy of 70.5% (CI95%, 65.2–75.5), a sensitivity of 74.3%, and a specificity of 68.7%. In the external validation cohort (n = 156), the CHCM had an accuracy of 63.5% (CI95%, 55.4–71), a sensitivity of 42%, and a specificity of 82.9%. The accuracies of the most relevant state-of-the-art criteria were: Romhilt-Estes (57.4%, CI95% 49–65.5), VDP Cornell (55.7%, CI95%47.6–63.7), Cornell (59%, CI95%50.8–66.8), Dalfó (62.9%, CI95%54.7–70.6), Sokolow Lyon (53.9%, CI95%45.7–61.9), and Philips DXL-16 algorithm (54.5%, CI95%46.3–62.5). Conclusion ECG computer-based data and the C5.0 determined a new set of ECG parameters to predict Echo-LVH. The CHCM classifies patients as Echo-LVH with repolarization abnormalities or LVH with increased voltage. The CHCM has a similar accuracy, and is slightly more sensitive than the state-of-the-art criteria.
Genome-wide analysis of bZIP, BBR, and BZR transcription factors in Triticum aestivum

Transcription factors are regulatory proteins known to modulate gene expression. These are the critical component of signaling pathways and help in mitigating various developmental and stress responses. Among them, bZIP, BBR, and BZR transcription factor families are well known to play a crucial role in regulating growth, development, and defense responses. However, limited data is available on these transcription factors in Triticum aestivum. In this study, bZIP, BBR, and BZR sequences from Brachypodium distachyon, Oryza sativa, Oryza barthii, Oryza brachyantha, T. aestivum, Triticum urartu, Sorghum bicolor, Zea mays were retrieved, and dendrograms were constructed to analyze the evolutionary relatedness among them. The sequences clustered into one group indicated a degree of evolutionary correlation highlighting the common lineage of cereal grains. This analysis also exhibited that these genes were highly conserved among studied monocots emphasizing their common ancestry. Furthermore, these transcription factor genes were evaluated for envisaging conserved motifs, gene structure, and subcellular localization in T. aestivum. This comprehensive computational analysis has provided an insight into transcription factor evolution that can also be useful in developing approaches for future functional characterization of these genes in T. aestivum. Furthermore, the data generated can be beneficial in future for genetic manipulation of economically important plants.