Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pancreatic Cancer in Chronic Pancreatitis: Pathogenesis and Diagnostic Approach

Simple Summary Chronic alcoholic pancreatitis displays a cumulative risk of pancreatic cancer estimated at 4% after 15 to 20 years, this risk being higher for hereditary pancreatitis with 19% and 12% in the case of PRSS1 and SPINK1 mutations, respectively, and at an age of 60 years. Oncogene and tumor suppressor gene mutations associated with chronic inflammation are key promoters of this complication, tobacco being an additional co-factor. This event underlines two practical problems from a clinical point of view: diagnosis is difficult due clinical symptoms and radiological features shared by the two diseases; and screening of cancer in chronic pancreatitis patients. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy can be contributive with the help of molecular biology by next generation sequencing, including for KRAS, TP53, CDKN2A, and DPC4 mutation assays. A short-term follow-up of patients is necessary in cases with clinical and/or radiological suspicion of cancer. Pancreatic surgery is sometimes necessary if there is any doubt. Abstract Chronic pancreatitis is one of the main risk factors for pancreatic cancer, but it is a rare event. Inflammation and oncogenes work hand in hand as key promoters of this disease. Tobacco is another co-factor. During alcoholic chronic pancreatitis, the cumulative risk of cancer is estimated at 4% after 15 to 20 years. This cumulative risk is higher in hereditary pancreatitis: 19 and 12% in the case of PRSS1 and SPINK1 mutations, respectively, at an age of 60 years. The diagnosis is difficult due to: (i) clinical symptoms of cancer shared with those of chronic pancreatitis; (ii) the parenchymal and ductal remodeling of chronic pancreatitis rendering imaging analysis difficult; and (iii) differential diagnoses, such as pseudo-tumorous chronic pancreatitis and paraduodenal pancreatitis. Nevertheless, the occurrence of cancer during chronic pancreatitis must be suspected in the case of back pain, weight loss, unbalanced diabetes, and jaundice, despite alcohol withdrawal. Imaging must be systematically reviewed. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy can contribute by targeting suspicious tissue areas with the help of molecular biology (search for KRAS, TP53, CDKN2A, DPC4 mutations). Short-term follow-up of patients is necessary at the clinical and paraclinical levels to try to diagnose cancer at a surgically curable stage. Pancreatic surgery is sometimes necessary if there is any doubt.
THE TAPHONOMIC CHARACTER, OCCURRENCE, AND PERSISTENCE OF UPPER PERMIAN–LOWER TRIASSIC PLANT ASSEMBLAGES IN THE MID-PALEOLATITUDES, BOGDA MOUNTAINS, WESTERN CHINA

ABSTRACT: The Bogda Mountains, Xianjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, western China, expose an uppermost Permian–Lower Triassic succession of fully continental strata deposited across three graben (half graben) structures in the mid-paleolatitudes of Pangea. A cyclostratigraphy scheme developed for the succession is subdivided into three low-order cycles (Wutonggou, Jiucaiyuan, Shaofanggou). Low-order cycles are partitioned into 1838 high-order cycles based on repetitive environmental changes, and their plant taphonomic character is assessed in > 4700 m of high-resolution, measured sections distributed across ∼ 100 km. Four taphonomic assemblages are represented by: permineralized wood (both autochthonous and allochthonous), megafloral adpressions (? parautochthonous and allochthonous) identifiable to systematic affinity, unidentifiable (allochthonous) phytoclasts concentrated or disseminated on bedding, and (autochthonous) rooting structures of various configurations (carbon films to rhizoconcretions). Their temporal and spatial occurrences vary across the study area and are dependent on the array of depositional environments exposed in any particular locality. Similar to paleobotanical results in other fully continental basins, megafloral elements are rarely encountered. Both wood (erect permineralized stumps and prostrate logs) and adpressions are found in < 2% of meandering river and limnic cycles, where sediment accumulated under semi-arid to humid conditions. The absence of such assemblages in river-and-lake deposits is more likely related to physical or geographical factors than it is to an absence of organic-matter contribution. With such a low frequency, no predictable pattern or trend to their occurrence can be determined. This is also true for any horizon in which rooting structures are preserved, although paleosols occur in all or parts of high-order cycles developed under arid to humid conditions. Physical rooting structures are encountered in only 23% of these and are not preserved equally across space and time. Allochthonous phytoclasts are the most common taphonomic assemblage, preserved in association with micaceous minerals on bedding in fine-grained lithofacies. The consistency of phytoclast assemblages throughout the succession is empirical evidence for the presence of riparian vegetation during a time when models propose the catastrophic demise of land plants, and does not support an interpretation of vegetational demise followed by long-term recovery across the crisis interval in this basin. These mesofossil and microfossil (palynological) assemblages offer the best opportunity to understand the effects of the crisis on the base of terrestrial ecosystems.
Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of 80% Methanol Extract and Solvent Fractions of the Leaves of Vernonia auriculifera Hiern. (Asteraceae)

Background The leaves of V. auriculifera has been used traditionally for the treatment of inflammatory disorders, and pain in various parts of Ethiopia. However, to our knowledge, the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of the crude extract and solvent fractions has never been experimentally studied. Objective To assess the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of V. auriculifera leaf extract and solvent fractions in rodent models. Material and methods Air-dried leaves of V. auriculifera were grounded and macerated using 80% methanol. The air-dried, grounded leaves were also successively extracted with ethyl acetate, and methanol. The residue was then macerated in water for 72 hr. The extract’s peripheral analgesic activity, as well as the solvent fractions, were determined using an acetic acid-induced writhing test. The hot plate model was used to assess the central analgesic effect. Carrageenan-induced hind paw edema and cotton pellet-induced granuloma models were used to assess the anti-inflammatory effect in rats. Results The 80% methanol leaf extract and solvent fractions have demonstrated significant (p < 0.05) peripheral and central analgesic activity. Both 80% methanol leaf extract and solvent fractions of V. auriculifera were found to have anti-inflammatory activity in a carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model. In the cotton pellet-induced granuloma model, all concentrations of 80% methanol leaf extract (ME), methanol fraction (MEF), and aqueous fractions (AQF) of V. auriculifera inhibited exudate and granuloma formation. Although all tested doses significantly inhibited granuloma mass formation, only the medium and highest ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) doses significantly inhibited the generation of inflammatory exudate. Conclusion This study’s findings indicate that the solvent fractions and 80% methanol extract of V. auriculifera have analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. This study’s findings not only confirm the plants’ traditional claim but also provide clues for further investigation of the active principles of this plant for the development of effective and safe analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs.
Vibration-Based High Voltage Shunt Reactor Fault Diagnosis with Incep-DenseNet

It is of great significance to perform high voltage shunt reactor (HVSR) fault diagnosis and take appropriate action to strengthen HVSR reliability and durability. In general, vibration signal is commonly used for HVSR fault diagnosis. However, with development of HVSR faults like internal screw bolt loose, its vibration signal will show subtle difference, and only limited studies have been devoted to identify various fault degree. In this paper, a novel densely connected neural network defined as Incep-DenseNet is proposed for diagnosing various HVSR internal screw bolt loose faults, which integrates advantages of InceptionNet and DenseNet to extract more specific and robust features from HVSR vibration signal. In the analysis, the collected HVSR vibration signal is transformed into 2D image data, which is then used to train the Incep-DenseNet. Results demonstrate that with the trained Incep-DenseNet, the diagnostic accuracy for four different HVSR internal screw bolt loose faults can reach 94.7%.
Temporal association in a network of neuronal oscillators

We investigate temporal association in a set of globally coupled neuronal oscillators, which retrieves time sequences of stored patterns. The asymmetry-to-symmetry ratio in the synaptic coupling as well as the total strength turns out to play a major role in these phenomena. By means of numerical simulations, we identify four different states: the memory-retrieval state, the temporal-association state, the mixed-memory state and the no-memory state, and obtain the corresponding phase boundaries on the plane of the asymmetry ratio and the coupling strength.
The Grass Is Not Greener on the Other Side: The Role of Attention in Voting Behaviour

The effect of ranking and the effect of attention both increase the chances that candidates running in the top positions of electoral lists will win voters’ support. We exploit a variation in ballot layout (the location of the break between the first and second sides of the ballot) in the 2006–2017 Czech parliamentary elections to disentangle these effects and identify the effect of attention. We show that being listed on the reverse side of the ballot paper decreases electoral support by at least 50%.
Dependence of network capacity requirements on the allowable flow convergence overloads in ATM backup VP restoration

Work on capacity design for VP restoration in ATM has to date either been heuristic in nature or has treated the capacity design problem in a 1 for 1 VP replacement manner that is essentially the same as for STM path restorable networks. However, the inherently statistical nature of the traffic in ATM should allow formulation of a backup VP restoration capacity design that permits a controlled maximum of convergent flow overloads on spans during restoration. Results show that significant capacity savings can be obtained relative to STM if ATM restoration is allowed even modest restoration overload factors. We give an integer program formulation permitting controlled exploitation of this intrinsic difference between ATM and STM transport and present results showing the significant capacity benefits motivating this approach.
Let’s Talk, Honey: An Analysis of Associations Between Communication Patterns and Dyadic Adjustment in Married Couples

Good communication is an integral part of successful intimate relationships. The present study examined the factor structure of the Communication Pattern Questionnaire-Short Form (CPQ-SF) and the dyadic associations between communication patterns and dyadic adjustment in a sample of 162 married couples from Turkey (mean age = 39.09 years). Psychometric analyses support that the Turkish version of the Communication Patterns Questionnaire with 7 items (the CPQ-TR-7) is a reliable measure to assess partners’ communication patterns in the form of positive interactions, self-demand, and self-withdraw. Actor-Partner Interdependence Model analysis revealed that husbands’ and wives’ positive interactions were positively associated with their own as well as their partners’ dyadic adjustment, the more husbands’ and wives’ withdraw, the lower their own dyadic adjustment, and the more wives demand, the lower their own dyadic adjustment.
THE SECOND CENTRAL LIMIT THEOREM FOR MARTINGALE DIFFERENCE ARRAYS

Abstract. In Bae et al. [2], we have considered the uniform CLT for the martingale difference arrays under the uniformly integrable entropy. In this paper, we prove the same problem under the bracketing entropy condition. The proofs are based on Freedman inequality combined with a chaining argument that utilizes majorizing measures. The results of present paper generalize those for a sequence of stationary martingale differences. The results also generalize independent problems.
Molecular clouds in the Carina arm - The largest objects, associated regions of star formation, and the Carina arm in the Galaxy

The Columbia CO survey of the southern Galactic plane is used to identify giant molecular clouds and cloud complexes in the Vela-Carina-Centaurus section of the Galaxy. Twenty-seven giant molecular clouds between l = 270 and 300 deg are catalogued and their heliocentric distances given. In addition, 16 clouds at l greater than 300 deg beyond the solar circle extend the catalog to include the very distant portion of the Carina arm. The most massive clouds in the catalog trace the Carina arm over 23 kpc in the plane of the Galaxy. The average mass of these objects is 1.4 x 10 to the 6th solar, and their average spacing along the arm is 700 pc. The composite distribution projected onto the Galactic plane of the largest molecular clouds in the Carina arm and of similarly massive clouds in the first and second quadrants strongly suggests that the Carina and Sagittarius arms form a single spiral arm about 40 kpc in length wrapping two-thirds of the way around the Galaxy. Descriptions of each cloud, including identification of associated star-forming regions, are presented in an appendix. 76 references.
New Class of Diluted Ferromagnetic Semiconductors based on CaO without Transition Metal Elements

We propose a new class of diluted magnetic semiconductors based on CaO without transition metal elements. The electronic structure and the magnetic properties of B-, C- or N-doped CaO are calculated by using the Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker method within the local spin density approximation. The substitutional and magnetic disorder is taken into account by the coherent potential approximation. It is found that B, C and N impurities show finite local magnetic moments in CaO at the oxygen-substitutional site. Moreover, these C- and N-doped CaO show the room-temperature ferromagnetism with half-metallic density of states.
Fish Detection Based on Halcon and MobileNetV2 for Automatic Fish Feeding System

Fish detection is an important technology to achieve intelligent, accurate and appropriate feeding of fish. The detection rate of traditional detection methods is low and the state of the fish school will have a certain impact on the accuracy of the feeding strategy. In order to improve the recognition rate and obtain the state of fish school, a low-resolution image fish detection method based on Halcon software and MobileNetV2 network is designed. The position coordinates and head orientation of fish are extracted to analyze the movement characteristics of fish school by MobileNetV2 network. The experimental results show that the detection method has a high recognition rate for fish detection. This method provides an important reference value for the design of automatic fish feeding system.
The Effect of Rhenium Content on Microstructural Changes and Irradiated Hardening in W-Re Alloy under High-Dose Ion Irradiation

An amount of 100 dpa Si2+ irradiation was used to study the effect of transmutation rhenium content on irradiated microscopic defects and hardening in W-xRe (x = 0, 1, 3, 5 and 10 wt.%) alloys at 550 °C. The increase in Re content could significantly refine the grain in the W-xRe alloys, and no obvious surface topography change could be found after high-dose irradiation via the scanning electron microscope (SEM). The micro defects induced by high-dose irradiation in W and W-3Re alloys were observed using a transmission electron microscope (TEM). Dislocation loops with a size larger than 10 nm could be found in both W and W-3Re alloy, but the distribution of them was different. The distribution of the dislocation loops was more uniform in pure W, while they seemed to be clustered around some locations in W-3Re alloy. Voids (~2.4 nm) were observed in W-3Re alloy, while no void was investigated in W. High-dose irradiation induced obvious hardening with the hardening rate between 75% and 155% in all W-xRe alloys, but W-3Re alloy had the lowest hardening rate (75%). The main reasons might be related to the smallest grain size in W-3Re alloy, which suppressed the formation of defect clusters and induced smaller hardening than that in other samples.
Homogenization of a viscoelastic matrix in linear frictional contact

The paper is devoted to study of acoustic wave propagation in a partially consolidated composite material containing loose particles. Friction of particles against the consolidated part of the material causes mechanical energy dissipation. This situation is modelled by assuming that the medium has a periodic microstructure changing rapidly on the small scale ε. Each of the periodic microscopic cells is composed of a viscoelastic matrix containing a rigid particle in frictional contact with the matrix. We use the methods of two‐scale convergence to obtain effective acoustic equations for the homogenized material. The effective equations are history‐dependent and contain the body force term, reminiscent of the well‐known Stokes drag force. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Experimental investigation on structures and velocity of liquid jets in a supersonic crossflow

Particle image velocimetry was applied in the study focusing on the structure and velocity of water jets injected into a Ma = 2.1 crossflow. The instantaneous structures of the jet, including surface waves in the near-injector region and vortices in the far-field, were visualized clearly. Spray velocity increases rapidly to 66% of the mainstream velocity in the region of x/d < 15, owing to the strong gas-liquid interaction near the orifice. By contrast, the velocity grows slowly in the far-field region, where the liquid inside the spray is accelerated mainly by the continuous driven force provided by the mainstream with the gas-liquid shear. The injection and atomization of liquid jet in a supersonic crossflow serves as a foundation of scramjet combustion process, by affecting the combustion efficiency and some other performances. With various forces acting on the liquid jet (Mashayek et al. [AIAA J. 46, 2674–2686 (2008)] and Wang et al. [AIAA J. 50, 1360–1366 (2012)]), the atomization process involves very complex flow physics. These physical processes include strong vortical structures, small-scale wave formation, stripping of small droplets from the jet surface, formations of ligaments, and droplets with a wide range of sizes.
Using focus groups with dairy cattle veterinarians to explore learning about calf welfare

Dairy calf welfare is a growing interest within the veterinary field. However, a limited understanding of the conception of calf welfare by dairy cattle veterinarians can hinder efforts to promote welfare improvements on farms. The aim of this study was to explore how focus groups can promote learning about dairy calf welfare issues among cattle veterinarians. Focus groups (n = 5), that collectively had 33 participants representing five Canadian provinces and different geographical regions, were conducted as part of a continuing education workshop for Canadian cattle veterinarians. Two trained individuals undertook exploratory data analyses using applied thematic analysis and adult learning theory to develop a codebook of the data and identify the main themes. There were three main themes about learning that emerged from guided peer-discussion: (i) defining a shared concept of animal welfare from the veterinary perspective to diagnose the problem; (ii) understanding the problems of calf welfare by self-examination and group reflection; and (iii) negotiating the best approach to address the problems through sharing of ideas on improving calf welfare, including strategies for addressing welfare problems. In conclusion, focus groups can facilitate animal welfare learning within the veterinary profession.
Perceptive visual attention model based on depth information for free viewpoint video rendering

How to detect meaningful video representation becomes an interesting problem in various research communities. Visual attention system detects "Region of Interesting" from input video sequence. Generally the attended regions correspond to visually prominent object in the image in video sequence. In this paper, we have improved previous approaches using spatiotemporal attention modules. We proposed to make use of 3D depth map information in addition to spatiotemporal features. Therefore, the proposed method can compensate typical spatiotemporal saliency approaches for their inaccuracy. Motion is important cue when we derive temporal saliency. On the other hand noise information that deteriorates accuracy of temporal saliency is also obtained during the computation. To obtain the saliency map with more accuracy the noise should be removed. In order to settle down the problem, we used the result of psychological studies on "double opponent receptive field" and "noise filtration" in Middle Temporal area. We also applied "FlagMap" on each frame to prevent "Flickering" of global-area noise. As a result of this consideration, our system can detect the salient regions in the image with higher accuracy while removing noise effectively. It has been applied to several image sequences as a result the proposed method can describe the salient regions with more accuracy in another higher domain than the typical approach does. The obtained result can be applied to generate a spontaneous viewpoint offered by the system itself for "3-D imaging projector" or 3-DTV.
The wide-angle neutron spin echo spectrometer project WASP

This paper describes design and optimization for the wide angle spin-echo spectrometer (WASP) presently being planned at the ILL. The spectrometer will be a replacement for the high intensity spectrometer IN11 and will enhance its signal by more than one order of magnitude while maintaining the resolution of the present spectrometer. The paper outlines the magnetic field calculations and the considerations about possible limitations. The projected performance has been verified carefully by Monte Carlo raytracing and Biot–Savart magnetic field calculations. The maximum momentum transfer of the new spectrometer is to be extended to 4 A− 1.
Photoreduction of Amorphous and Crystalline ZnO Films

Ultraviolet illumination with photon energy above 4.9 eV resulted in photodarkening on sol–gel-derived amorphous ZnO films. Photoreduction of ZnO to Zn metal was achieved by irradiation with energetic photons above 6.7 eV. These changes basically originated from the photo-induced charge transfer from O2- to Zn2+ in the amorphous structure. The photo-darkening is ascribed to an increase in absorption in the visible region due to intermediate ionic states between the lattice oxygen and the dissociated oxygen. The formation of Zn metal was accompanied by desorption of oxygen atoms from the Zn–O lattice stimulated through two-electron excitation by the energetic photons. The desorption of oxygen atoms was also observed at the surface of crystalline ZnO films. The photo-induced defective sites were highly reactive and transformed into OH groups by subsequent reaction with water molecules in air.