Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Incidence of E. coli O157: H7 in Fresh Fruit Juices of Street Vendors from Different Areas of Lahore City, Pakistan

Pakistan is among one of the countries where food and water borne illnesses due to Escherichia coli O157:H7 contamination are frequent. Present study was undertaken for detection of the possible sources of E.coli O157:H7 in street vended fresh fruit juices sold in streets and along the road sides of Lahore city. About 162 fresh juice samples of sugar cane, plum, tamarind, peach, lemonade and slush that were taken from different localities of Lahore and analyzed for the presence of E.coli O157:H7. Sugar cane juice samples from Wahdat colony and Ichrah were found 13% more contaminated with E.coli O157:H7 than the samples of other areas. While for tamarind, Railway station and Gulshan Ravi and for plum juices Railway station and Moon market had 41% more contamination of E.coli O157:H7 as compared to others. In case of peach Ichrah samples had shown highest counts (53%). For slush, Railway station samples revealed countless contamination. Whereas for lemonade juices about 50% of all the areas studied had 13% more contamination as compared to others. Our studies suggest that ignorance of hygienic practicing, unpasteurized fruit juices and use of fecal contaminated water in juice making is the potential candidate for E.coli O157:H7 contamination. Efforts should be taken to develop awareness and to improve the handling practices along with maintaining hygienic conditions to avoid food borne illnesses. These preventive measures can reduce the degree of harmful pathogen contamination to fresh juices sold at roadside outlets and hence helps in preventing outbreaks of infective diseases as well as improve the general health conditions of people.
The Application of Coulter Multisizer in the Experiment of Medical Equipment Product Particle Detection

Abstract. Objective: To explore the application of Coulter Multisizer in the experiment of medical equipment product particle detection through the Coulter method of particle content measurement. Methods: Analyze the particle content by Beckman Coulter Multisizer 3 produced by Beckman Company, and compare the particle content detection result of blank contrast solution and eluant. Conclusion: Coulter method and Coulter Multisizer have a great advantage on medical equipment product particle detection.
Dyrk1a from Gene Function in Development and Physiology to Dosage Correction across Life Span in Down Syndrome

Down syndrome is the main cause of intellectual disabilities with a large set of comorbidities from developmental origins but also that appeared across life span. Investigation of the genetic overdosage found in Down syndrome, due to the trisomy of human chromosome 21, has pointed to one main driver gene, the Dual-specificity tyrosine-regulated kinase 1A (Dyrk1a). Dyrk1a is a murine homolog of the drosophila minibrain gene. It has been found to be involved in many biological processes during development and in adulthood. Further analysis showed its haploinsufficiency in mental retardation disease 7 and its involvement in Alzheimer’s disease. DYRK1A plays a role in major developmental steps of brain development, controlling the proliferation of neural progenitors, the migration of neurons, their dendritogenesis and the function of the synapse. Several strategies targeting the overdosage of DYRK1A in DS with specific kinase inhibitors have showed promising evidence that DS cognitive conditions can be alleviated. Nevertheless, providing conditions for proper temporal treatment and to tackle the neurodevelopmental and the neurodegenerative aspects of DS across life span is still an open question.
Proximate, Mineral and Anti-nutritional Compositions of Melon (Citrullus lanatus) Seeds

Objective: The purpose of this present study was to investigate the mineral, nutritional and antinutritional compositions of melon (Citrullus lanatus) seed flour. Methods: The proximate compositions were determined by soxhlet extraction, AOAC, Kjeldhal and other standard procedure. Mineral contents were determined using Atomic Emission Spectrometry, Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry and Vanado-molybdate method, while anti-nutrient determinations were carried out using standard procedures. Results: The results obtained from proximate analysis were: moisture content (7.10%), ash content (2.70%), crude protein (30.63%), crude lipid (49.05%), crude fiber(6.00%), carbohydrate (4.52%), dry matter (92.90%), organic matter (97.30%) and energy value (582.05Kcal/100g). The mineral analysis showed that iron have the highest value (144.70mg/100g), followed by manganese (22.73mg/100g), zinc (21.05mg/100g) and magnesium (20.46mg/100g), while calcium was the least (0.10mg/100g). The Na/K and Ca/P ratio were 0.043 and 0.002 respectively. The anti-nutritional factors analyzed were oxalate (26.40mg/100g), tannin (39.40mg/100g) and hydrocyanic acids (1.56mg/100g). Conclusion: The results of the study revealed that Citrullus lanatus seed flour is a good source of important nutrients such as fat, protein, fiber and minerals. The high contents of protein and fat make these seeds valuable dietary supplements especially for people in the rural areas where there are lack of adequate access to dairy foods and meats.
Tumor cell-derived IL-10 promotes cell-autonomous growth and immune escape in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

ABSTRACT Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is an aggressive malignancy arising from germinal center or post-germinal center B-cells that retain many of the properties of normal B-cells. Here we show that a subset of DLBCL express the cytokine IL-10 and its receptor. The genetic ablation of IL-10 receptor signaling abrogates the autocrine STAT3 phosphorylation triggered by tumor cell-intrinsic IL-10 expression and impairs growth of DLBCL cell lines in subcutaneous and orthotopic xenotransplantation models. Furthermore, we demonstrate using an immunocompetent Myc-driven model of DLBCL that neutralization of IL-10 signaling reduces tumor growth, which can be attributed to reduced Treg infiltration, stronger intratumoral effector T-cell responses, and restored tumor-specific MHCII expression. The effects of IL-10R neutralization were phenocopied by the genetic ablation of IL-10 signaling in the Treg compartment and could be reversed by MHCII blockade. The BTK inhibitor ibrutinib effectively blocked tumor cell-intrinsic IL-10 expression and tumor growth in this Myc-driven model. Tumors from patients with high IL-10RA expression are infiltrated by higher numbers of Tregs than IL-10RAlow patients. Finally, we show in 16 cases of DLBCL derived from transplant patients on immunosuppressive therapy that IL-10RA expression is less common in this cohort, and Treg infiltration is not observed.
Silicon Photonics Integrated Circuits for Nonlinear Fourier Transform Based Transmission

We demonstrate a silicon photonics transmitter capable of modulating and optically merging solitons with reduced electronic constraints. Transmission over 3800 km and 5400 km has been experimentally shown for 2 Vpp and 4 Vpp drive voltages, respectively, without significant penalties between 2-channel and 4-channel configurations.
A physics-based MOSFET noise model for circuit simulators

Discussed is a physics-based MOSFET noise model that can accurately predict the noise characteristics over the linear, saturation, and subthreshold operating regions but which is simple enough to be implemented in any general-purpose circuit simulator. Expressions for the flicker noise power are derived on the basis of a theory that incorporates both the oxide-trap-induced carrier number and correlated surface mobility fluctuation mechanisms. The model is applicable to long-channel, as well as submicron n- and p-channel MOSFETs fabricated by different technologies, and all the model parameters can be easily extracted from routine I-V and noise measurements. >
Analysis of the kink effect in MOS transistors

An analysis of the kink effect in MOS transistors that provides a comprehensive view of the kink effect in bulk silicon MOSFETs and SOI devices is presented. This analysis enables a quantitative description of the excess drain current to be obtained for room and liquid-helium temperatures. In particular, it is found that the kink effect in a MOS transistor can be simply modeled by a body effect. >
ECG Trace Digitization Using Image Processing Techniques

Some of the image processing techniques are developed for an electrocardiogram (ECG) feature extraction and signal regeneration as a digital time series signal. In general the ECG is recorded on a thermal paper which cannot be stored for a long time, because thermal trace over time becomes erased gradually. Some hospitals are saving the ECG thermal papers as scanning images in the electronic equipments (like computers) to maintain medical records, but this method needs to high memory capacity, and use less scanning resolution that gives signal accuracy is less at preview. The main aim of this paper is to extract the 12-lead ECG signals from the thermal paper and converting it to a digital time series signals. Feature extraction and the digital time series signal were tested on 30 of 12-lead ECG paper records from the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database, and the accuracy was between 96.31% and 98.25%. Evaluation of the proposed method for ECG feature extraction was done by comparing the obtained values with manual data and this method offered an accuracy of 98.06%. In addition can be using features extraction to perform an automatic heart disease classification using one of the artificial intelligence methods.
Financial Stability and Early Warning Systems: Lessons for I.R. of Iran

The main purpose of this paper is to overview early warning systems, discussing their importance and relevance for current situations of Iran’s financial system and economy. An early warning system generates ex-ante warnings of potential problems that may emerge or develop in the future on account of the current risk profile of a financial institution. Although there are various approaches to model warning and prediction of financial and economic risks, the signal extraction approach is the most popular one and gained more attention than any other approaches by financial institutions and policy makers. This approach is explained in detail. The paper will also analyze importance and relevance of early warning systems for Iran’s financial system and economy. Pointing out to some leading indicators, the paper suggests that Iranian authorities and in particular economic policy makers need to develop and design an appropriate early warning system to be able to avoid future financial and economic crises or at least take necessary measures to reduce their negative impacts
Reliability Optimization in Narrowband Device-to-Device Communication for 5G and Beyond-5G Networks

The 5G and beyond-5G (B5G) is expected to be a key enabler for Internet-of-Everything (IoE). The narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) is a low-power wide-area enabling technology introduced by the 3rd Generation Partnership in 5G. The objective of the NB-IoT is to enhance the mobile coverage area by increasing the number of repetitions of control and data packets between user equipment (UE) and the base station/evolved NodeB (BS/eNB). While these repetitions improve data delivery for delay-sensitive applications, they degrade the efficiency of the already resource-constrained IoT system by increasing the system overhead and energy consumption. Moreover, NB-IoT devices in the edge region of the cellular coverage area require more repetitions, which augment energy consumption. In this study, we investigate device-to-device (D2D) communication for NB-IoT delay-sensitive applications, such as healthcare-IoT services, to use two-hop communication instead of using a direct uplink. An optimization problem is formulated to achieve an optimal end-to-end delivery ratio (EDR). In addition, this study incorporates Q-Learning-based reinforcement learning (RL) for the selection of an optimal cellular relay, which assists NB-IoT UE in uploading sensitive data to BS/eNB. The proposed RL-intelligent-D2D (RL-ID2D) communication methodology selects the optimum relay with a maximum EDR, which ultimately augments energy efficiency.
Direct Navigation Mode and Indirect Navigation Mode for Integrated SINS/GPS

There are two options for the state estimation procedure by the integration filter for the integrated SINS/GPS, namely: direct navigation mode and indirect navigation mode. Determining which one of the two navigation modes will be more celebrated than the other under different conditions is an important but so far less seriously treated issue. The two navigation modes were systematically studied in terms of the system model, filtering algorithm and application issues. The car-mounted experiments were carried out to compare two navigation modes under different road conditions. The results show that direct navigation mode performs indirect navigation mode in terms of accuracy and stability. However, indirect navigation mode has low calculation burden and simple filter design.
Road edge recognition for mobile robot using laser range finder

This paper discusses the research status of road recognition for mobile robots, and presents a new method of applying laser range finder to obtain road edge points in order to solve the road recognition problems of outdoor mobile robot. This method makes full use of the advantages of laser range finder such as high accuracy and rapid data acquirement, and can realise the recognition of road edge in real-time. The road boundary recognition algorithm including the feature extraction and coordinate calculation is proposed. The fuzzy rules based data partition and the line-shape fitting using least square method are described. Finally, an experiment is conducted on an even road using a LT3 laser range finder installed on an omnidirectional mobile robot and the experimental result shows the proposed method to be effective.
Geographic Profiling Methods: Improvement and Combination

Geographic profiling uses locations of series crimes to detect the most probable residence of the offender. However, because of shortage of other information, the method doesn't perform well. To Solve this problem, the concept of geographic profiling was extended and a concept of human geographic profiling (HGP) was put forward to take offender’s bias, victims’ characteristics, and geographical circumstances into account. The physical geographic profiling (PGP) was obtained by combining an improved “spatial mean” method and an improved criminal geographic targeting (CGT) model by using a precisely deduced "Combination Function". Afterwards, HGP and PCG were combined by the same function. The resultant product was a three-dimentional probability map. Simulation result indicated high accuracy rates among which the lowest is 66% under an ideal situation. The introduction of HGP and deduction of combination function are discussed originally and are of great importance in this paper.
Improved Blowfish Algorithm based Secure Routing Technique in IoT based WSN

Internet of Things (IoT) has gained popularity with the growth and prospects of smart networks. It is intended to exploit the network edges, which enables smart service and assessment for IoT. Moreover, this exploitation not only improves the user experiences but also provides service resiliencies at any catastrophe. The IoT appliances deploy distributed structure and proximity of end-users to offer quicker responses and improved quality of service (QoS). Nevertheless, security is mainly considered to resist the susceptibility of attacks. This work aims to introduce a novel secure routing model by carrying out optimal path selection and encryption. Initially, optimal link-state multipath routing takes place, where optimal paths or nodes are chosen for secure transmission. For optimal path selection destination and source, a Crossover Mutated Marriage in Honey Bee (CM-MH) algorithm is developed and proposed in this work. Next, encryption takes place that ensures secure transmission. In this research, an Improved Blowfish algorithm (IBFA) is proposed for secured authentication. Finally, the updates are monitored. At last, the supremacy of the developed approach is examined via evaluation over numerous existing techniques.
Die Nahinfrarot-Spektroskopie - Eine Methode zur nicht-invasiven Überwachung der zerebralen Oxygenierung des Gehirns? Kritische Betrachtungen, Möglichkeiten und Grenzen bei Erwachsenen

Die Nahinfrarot-Spektroskopie stellt ein nicht-invasives Verfahren zur Überwachung der SauerstofiVersorgung des Gehirns dar. Es handelt sich bei dieser Methodik um die technologische Weiterentwicklung der Prinzipien, wie sie für die Pulsoxymetrie vorliegen. Dabei wird Licht im Nahinfrarotbereich zur Detektion von Änderungen der Oxygenation verwendet (Abb. 1) [9, 10, 13]. Da von dieser Art des zerebralen Monitorings zukünftig entscheidende Informationen zur zerebralen Oxygenation erwartet werden, sind umfangreiche Validierungen unter physiologischen, aber auch pathophysiologischen Bedingungen erforderlich.
Transcriptomic Analysis of Cardiomyocyte Extracellular Vesicles in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Reveals Differential snoRNA Cargo

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is characterized by increased left ventricular wall thickness that can lead to devastating conditions such as heart failure and sudden cardiac death. Despite extensive study, the mechanisms mediating many of the associated clinical manifestations remain unknown and human models are required. To address this, human-induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) lines were generated from patients with a HCM-associated mutation (c.ACTC1G301A) and isogenic controls created by correcting the mutation using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology. Cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) were differentiated from these hiPSCs and analyzed at baseline, and at increased contractile workload (2 Hz electrical stimulation). Released extracellular vesicles (EVs) were isolated and characterized after a 24-h culture period and transcriptomic analysis performed on both hiPSC-CMs and released EVs. Transcriptomic analysis of cellular mRNA showed the HCM mutation caused differential splicing within known HCM pathways, and disrupted metabolic pathways. Analysis at increasing contraction frequency showed further disruption of metabolic gene expression, with an additive effect in the HCM background. Intriguingly, we observed differences in snoRNA cargo within HCM released EVs that specifically altered when HCM hiPSC-CMs were subjected to increased workload. These snoRNAs were predicted to have roles in post-translational modifications and alternative splicing, processes differentially regulated in HCM. As such, the snoRNAs identified in this study may unveil mechanistic insight into unexplained HCM phenotypes and offer potential future use as HCM biomarkers or as targets in future RNA-targeting therapies.
MR Spectroscopy of the Insula: Within- and between-Session Reproducibility of MEGA-PRESS Measurements of GABA+ and Other Metabolites

The insula plays a critical role in many neuropsychological disorders. Research investigating its neurochemistry with magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) has been limited compared with cortical regions. Here, we investigate the within-session and between-session reproducibility of metabolite measurements in the insula on a 3T scanner. We measure N-acetylaspartate + N-acetylaspartylglutamate (tNAA), creatine + phosphocreatine (tCr), glycerophosphocholine + phosphocholine (tCho), myo-inositol (Ins), glutamate + glutamine (Glx), and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in one cohort using a j-edited MEGA-PRESS sequence. We measure tNAA, tCr, tCho, Ins, and Glx in another cohort with a standard short-TE PRESS sequence as a reference for the reproducibility metrics. All participants were scanned 4 times identically: 2 back-to-back scans each day, on 2 days. Preprocessing was done using LCModel and Gannet. Reproducibility was determined using Pearson’s r, intraclass-correlation coefficients (ICC), coefficients of variation (CV%), and Bland–Altman plots. A MEGA-PRESS protocol requiring averaged results over two 6:45-min scans yielded reproducible GABA measurements (CV% = 7.15%). This averaging also yielded reproducibility metrics comparable to those from PRESS for the other metabolites. Voxel placement inconsistencies did not affect reproducibility, and no sex differences were found. The data suggest that MEGA-PRESS can reliably measure standard metabolites and GABA in the insula.
SARS–CoV‐2 Infection and COVID‐19 Outcomes in Rheumatic Diseases: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta‐Analysis

The relative risk of SARS–CoV‐2 infection and COVID‐19 disease severity among people with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs) compared to those without RMDs is unclear. This study was undertaken to quantify the risk of SARS–CoV‐2 infection in those with RMDs and describe clinical outcomes of COVID‐19 in these patients.
The infection process of Colletotrichum fuscum on oregano leaves and stems

Anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum fuscum, produces regular necrotic spots on oregano leaves and stems, causing severe crop losses. In this study, Koch’s postulates were fulfilled and infection process was investigated using scanning electron microscopy. Leaves and stems of Origanum vulgare were inoculated and incubated at 24°C in wet chambers under high relative humidity. Pathogenicity experiments demonstrated that all tested C. fuscum isolates had infected stems and leaves of oregano. Of all inoculation methods, direct placement of colonized agar plugs on injured epidermis and soaking plant organs in conidial suspension were the most effective. The behavior of the conidia deposited on the oregano leaves was investigated at different time intervals after inoculation: at 12, 18, 32, 48, 67 and 98 h. Conidia produced an appressoria of varying shapes which has been formed at the end of germ tubes of different lengths. Penetration to host tissue through stomata was observed. Acervuli formed on the leaves surface after 98 h after inoculation, typically with sharp pointed setoses.
Quantum optics experiments using the International Space Station: a proposal

We propose performing quantum optics experiments in a ground-to-space scenario using the International Space Station, which is equipped with a glass viewing window and a photographer's lens mounted on a motorized camera pod. A dedicated small add-on module with single-photon detection, time-tagging and classical communication capabilities would enable us to perform the first-ever quantum optics experiments in space. We present preliminary design concepts for the ground and flight segments and study the feasibility of the intended mission scenario.
Synchronous Machine Initialization For Unbalanced Network Conditions Within An Electromagnetic Transients Program

The Electromagnetic Transients Program (EMTP) offers two quite different algorithms for the representation of synchronous machine dynamics. The original [1) uses compensation [2], while the second [3, 4] is based on a Thevenin equivalent of the generator. It is shown that positive sequence initialization is inadequate if the electric network is even just slightly unbalanced (e.g., untransposed lines). Two new initialization procedures which also account for negative (and possibly zero) sequence armature quantities are now being used. Even cases of gross imbalance (e.g., one phase open) can now be handled easily. Sample digital computer calculations are presented, including simulations of the IEEE subsynchronous resonance (SSR) benchmark model using large time-steps.