Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Implementation of the Afya conditional cash transfer intervention to retain women in the continuum of care: a mixed-methods process evaluation

Objectives We report the results of a mixed-methods process evaluation that aimed to provide insight on the Afya conditional cash transfer (CCT) intervention fidelity and acceptability. Intervention, setting and participants The Afya CCT intervention aimed to retain women in the continuum of maternal healthcare including antenatal care (ANC), delivery at facility and postnatal care (PNC) in Siaya County, Kenya. The cash transfers were delivered using an electronic card reader system at health facilities. It was evaluated in a trial that randomised 48 health facilities to intervention or control, and which found modest increases in attendance for ANC and immunisation appointments, but little effect on delivery at facility and PNC visits. Design A mixed-methods process evaluation was conducted. We used the Afya electronic portal with recorded visits and payments, and reports on use of the electronic card reader system from each healthcare facility to assess fidelity. Focus group interviews with participants (N=5) and one-on-one interviews with participants (N=10) and healthcare staff (N=15) were conducted to assess the acceptability of the intervention. Data analyses were conducted using descriptive statistics and qualitative content analysis, as appropriate. Results Delivery of the Afya CCT intervention was negatively affected by problems with the electronic card reader system and a decrease in adherence to its use over the intervention period by healthcare staff, resulting in low implementation fidelity. Acceptability of cash transfers in the form of mobile transfers was high for participants. Initially, the intervention was acceptable to healthcare staff, especially with respect to improvements in attaining facility targets for ANC visits. However, acceptability was negatively affected by significant delays linked to the card reader system. Conclusions The findings highlight operational challenges in delivering the Afya CCT intervention using the Afya electronic card reader system, and the need for greater technology readiness before further scale-up. Trial registration number NCT03021070.
Evaluation of the loss of fingermark ridge clarity as a function of biological sex

Latent fingermark ridge patterns result from imprinting sweat secretions onto receiving surfaces. However, little is known about the loss of skin moisture between immediate consecutive depositions and its effects on the visual quality of ridges and their degradation over time. In practice, it is recurrently assumed that the first touch should contain the most residue and, therefore, display the highest ridge quality. Also, it is expected to observe a gradual decrease in the quantity of residue deposited and, in turn, in the clarity of ridges. In this study, a total of 480 fingermarks were obtained from 20 donors, 10 males and 10 females, to assess the pattern loss of ridge quality across six successive impressions in a depletion series. Black magnetic powder (BMP) was utilized to visualize and photograph fingermarks on glass microscope slides. After image standardization, Quality Scores (QS) as well as metrics on ridge clarity were obtained from the FBI's Universal Latent Workstation (ULW). Data analyses revealed a significant drop in ridge quality over the six consecutive depositions, but notably after deposition four. No differences in ridge clarity between sexes were detected within the first three depositions although an effect was noted beyond this point. ULW proved to be an excellent and sensitive tool in detecting minute changes in ridge quality across the depletion series. These results may contribute in determining the chronological order of events and support further research in estimating time‐since‐deposition.
Propagation of Coronal Mass Ejections in the Inner Heliosphere

Solar Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are large-scale ejections of plasma and magnetic field from the corona, which propagate through interplanetary space. CMEs are the most significant drivers of adverse space weather on Earth, but the physics governing their propagation through the Heliosphere is not well understood. This is mainly due to the limited fields-of-view and plane-of-sky projected nature of previous observations. The Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory (STEREO) mission launched in October 2006, was designed to overcome these limitations. In this thesis, a method for the full three dimensional (3D) reconstruction of the trajectories of CMEs using STEREO was developed. Using the 3D trajectories, the true kinematics were derived, which were free from projection effects. Evidence for solar wind (SW) drag forces acting in interplanetary space were found, with a fast CME decelerated and a slow CME accelerated toward typical SW velocities. It was also found that the fast CME showed a linear dependence on the velocity difference between the CME and the SW, while the slow CME showed a quadratic dependence. The differing forms of drag for the two CMEs indicated the forces responsible for their acceleration may have been different. CMEs are known to generate bow shocks as they propagate through the corona and SW. Although CME-driven shocks have previously been detected indirectly via their emission at radio frequencies, direct imaging has remained elusive due to their low contrast at optical wavelengths. Using STEREO observations, the first images of a CME-driven shock as it propagates through interplanetary space from 8 R_Sun to 120 R_Sun (0.5 AU) were captured. These observations were compared to empirically derived relation and in general showed good agreement.
Association Between Urban Regeneration and Healthcare-Seeking Behavior of Affected Residents: A Natural Experiment in two Multi-Ethnic Deprived Housing Areas in Denmark

Area regeneration of deprived neighborhoods is being used to reduce health inequality, socioeconomic deprivation and ethnic segregation. This quasi-experimental study examines if long-term graded exposure to urban regeneration is associated with primary healthcare-seeking behavior among residents. We compared general practitioner (GP) contacts from 2015-2020 in two adjacent, deprived social housing areas, one exposed to area regeneration. Populations were into Western and non-Western males and females aged 15 years and older (N = 3,960). Mean annual GP contact frequency for each group were estimated and a difference-in-difference (DiD) analysis was conducted with adjustments for propensity scores based on baseline characteristics. GP contact frequency increased for all groups across time with a systematically higher level and faster increase in the control groups. In particular, the mean difference between the exposed and control area for Western women increased from −4.67 to −5.76 annual contacts across the period. The mean differences in contact frequency increased for all groups but results of the DiD analyses were insignificant. In conclusion, an increasing gap in GP contact frequency, with the highest levels in the control area, was observed for all comparisons across time. More long-term research is needed to understand how the increasing gaps evolve.
Draft Genome Sequence of Bacillus velezensis Strain Krd-20 with Antifungal Activity, a Biotechnologically Important Isolate from Wheat Root Zone

Bacillus velezensis Krd-20 strain with antifungal activity was isolated from the wheat rhizosphere. This strain is used to suppress fungi of the Fusarium sp. when growing oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). Genome assembling resulted in 44 contigs with a total length of 3939663 bp were obtained, the GC content is 46.4%. ABSTRACT Bacillus velezensis Krd-20 strain with antifungal activity was isolated from the wheat rhizosphere. This strain is used to suppress fungi of the Fusarium sp. when growing oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). Genome assembling resulted in 44 contigs with a total length of 3939663 bp were obtained, the GC content is 46.4%.
Endogenous Circadian Clock Machinery in Cortical NG2-Glia Regulates Cellular Proliferation

Abstract The molecular circadian clock can be found throughout the body and is essential for the synchronizing cellular physiology with the 24 h day. However, the role of the clock in regulating the regenerative potential of the brain has not been explored. We report here that murine NG2-glia, the largest population of proliferative cells in the mature central nervous system, rhythmically express circadian clock genes in a 24 h period, including the critical clock component Bmal1 RNA and BMAL1 protein. Interestingly, daily NG2-glia proliferation preferentially occurs during the time of day in which Bmal1 expression is high, while conditional knockout of Bmal1 decreases both cortical NG2-glia density and cellular proliferation. Furthermore, in a neurotrauma model, we show that pathology-induced NG2-glia proliferation is also dependent on Bmal1 expression. Because circadian rhythm disturbances are common in neurologic disorders across the life span, including in traumatic brain injury, these findings bear significant implications for cellular regeneration in brain injuries and disease.
CHARMM‐GUI Enhanced Sampler for various collective variables and enhanced sampling methods

Enhanced sampling methodologies modifying underlying Hamiltonians can be used for the systems with a rugged potential energy surface that makes it hard to observe convergence using conventional unbiased molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. We present CHARMM‐GUI Enhanced Sampler, a web‐based tool to prepare various enhanced sampling simulations inputs with user‐selected collective variables (CVs). Enhanced Sampler provides inputs for the following nine methods: accelerated MD, Gaussian accelerated MD, conformational flooding, metadynamics, adaptive biasing force, steered MD, temperature replica exchange MD, replica exchange solute tempering 2, and replica exchange umbrella sampling for the method‐implemented MD packages including AMBER, CHARMM, GENESIS, GROMACS, NAMD, and OpenMM. Users only need to select a group of atoms via intuitive web‐implementation in order to define commonly used nine CVs of interest: center of mass based distance, angle, dihedral, root‐mean‐square‐distance, radius of gyration, distance projected on axis, two types of angles projected on axis, and coordination numbers. The enhanced sampling methods are tested with several biological systems to illustrate their efficiency over conventional MD. Enhanced Sampler with carefully optimized system‐dependent parameters will help users to get meaningful results from their enhanced sampling simulations.
Motor Unit Number Estimation in Spastic Biceps Brachii Muscles of Chronic Stroke Survivors Before and After BoNT Injection

Objective: The study aims to characterize the motor unit (MU) loss in spastic biceps brachii muscle (BBM) of chronic stroke survivors before and after botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) injection. Methods: High-density weighted average (HDWA) motor unit number estimation (MUNE) was employed to estimate the number of functioning motor units of BBMs of eight chronic stroke survivors 1-week before (1st visit) and 3-week after (2nd visit) BoNT injection based on the surface electromyography (sEMG) signals recorded during voluntary contraction and supramaximal electrical stimulation. Result: Significant lower MUNE was estimated from the spastic BBMs compared to the non-spastic MUNEs during two visits. A surprisingly higher MUNE was obtained from the spastic side during the 2nd visit after BoNT injection. Conclusions: The HDWA MUNE technique can be employed to characterize the motor unit loss in spastic muscle caused by upper motor neuro lesions at contraction level up to 30% MVC, but may fail to detect the MU loss caused by the chemodenervation effect of BoNT due to the non-uniform denervation of small and large size MUs. Significance: This study presents the first effort to evaluate the applicability of HDWA MUNE technique to characterize the MU loss in the spastic muscle following stroke and the subsequent BoNT injection for the treatment of post-stroke spasticity. The finding of this study suggests that HDWA MUNE can be a sensitive approach to detect the MU loss in spastic muscles after stroke, but the large inter-subject MUNE variability after the BoNT injection should be interpreted with caution.
On a class of II1 factors with at most one Cartan subalgebra, II

This is a continuation of our previous paper studying the structure of Cartan subalgebras of von Neumann factors of type ${\rm II}_1$. We provide more examples of ${\rm II}_1$ factors having either zero, one, or several Cartan subalgebras. We also prove a rigidity result for some group measure space ${\rm II}_1$ factors.
Design and Validation of a Smile‐Necklace Plate for Treating Inferior Patellar Pole Avulsion Fractures: A Review and Hypothesis

The patella's inferior pole transmits force generated by contraction of the quadriceps muscle to the tibial tuberosity through the attached patellar ligament, thus completing knee extension. Therefore, fractures of the patella's inferior pole disrupt the coherence of mechanical transmission in the lower extremities. There appears to be no consensus among trauma centers regarding the treatment of infrapatellar pole fractures, primarily because there is no consistent design or application of internal fixation for this type of fracture. We designed a new internal implant similar to the smile necklace based on our previous study. This smile‐necklace plate (SNP) has the advantage of both plate fixation and tension‐band wiring fixation, permitting early rehabilitation, especially in osteoporotic comminuted infrapatellar pole fractures. Finite element analysis helped verify the biomechanical advantages of the SNP in comparison with existing studies. Hence, this novel implant is a promising treatment option for inferior pole patellar fractures.
Breathing Pattern Estimation Using Wearable Bioimpedance for Assessing COPD Severity

Breathing pattern has been shown to be different in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients compared to healthy controls during rest and walking. In this study we evaluated respiratory parameters and the breathing variability of COPD patients as a function of their severity. Thoracic bioimpedance was acquired on 66 COPD patients during the performance of the six-minute walk test (6MWT), as well as 5 minutes before and after the test while the patients were seated, i.e. resting and recovery phases. The patients were classified by their level of airflow limitation into moderate and severe groups. We characterized the breathing patterns by evaluating common respiratory parameters using only wearable bioimpedance. Specifically, we computed the median and the coefficient of variation of the parameters during the three phases of the protocol, and evaluated the statistical differences between the two COPD severity groups. We observed significant differences between the COPD severity groups only during the sitting phases, whereas the behavior during the 6MWT was similar. Particularly, we observed an inverse relationship between breathing pattern variability and COPD severity, which may indicate that the most severely diseased patients had a more restricted breathing compared to the moderate patients.
GRP23 plays a core role in E-type editosomes via interacting with MORFs and atypical PPR-DYWs in Arabidopsis mitochondria

Significance C-to-U RNA editing in plant organelles is carried out by a PPR-DYW protein or a protein complex that harnesses site recognition and deaminase activity. E-type PPR proteins can specify the editing site but lack the deaminase activity. This study shows that E-type PPR proteins specifically recruit trans deaminase MEF8/MEF8S, while GRP23, MORF1, and MORF8 facilitate this recruitment. In addition, some PPR-DYW proteins also need GRP23, presumably to recruit a second deaminase. This study reveals the functions of GRP23, MEF8/MEF8S, MORF1, and MORF8 and furthers our understanding of the RNA-editing mechanism in plant organelles.
Corrected Diffusion Approximations and Their Applications.

Abstract : The current state of development of corrected diffusion approximations for first passage times to linear boundaries is reviewed. Some new results and several applications are described. Corrected diffusion approximations and large deviation approximations to the power function of a repeated significance test for a normal mean (known variance) are compared and contrasted. (Author)
Radiofrequency ablation of atrial fibrillation—50 W or 90 W?

This study sought to evaluate the short and midterm efficacy and safety of the novel very high power very short duration (vHPvSD) 90 W approach compared to HPSD 50 W for atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation as well as reconnection patterns of 90 W ablations.
Lectures on quantum groups

Introduction Gaussian binomial coefficients The quantized enveloping algebra $U_q(\mathfrak s \mathfrak {1}_2)$ Representations of $U_q(\mathfrak{sl}_2)$ Tensor products or: $U_q(\mathfrak{sl}_2)$ as a Hopf algebra The quantized enveloping algebra $U_q(\mathfrak g)$ Representations of $U_q(\mathfrak g)$ Examples of representations The center and bilinear forms $R$-matrices and $k_q[G]$ Braid group actions and PBW type basis Proof of proposition 8.28 Crystal bases I Crystal bases II Crystal bases III References Notations Index.
The alternative lengthening of telomeres mechanism jeopardizes telomere integrity if not properly restricted

A substantial number of human cancers are telomerase-negative and elongate physiologically damaged telomeres through a break-induced replication (BIR)-based mechanism known as alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT). We recently demonstrated that inhibiting the transcription of the telomeric long noncoding RNA TERRA suppresses telomere damage and ALT features, indicating that telomere transcription is a main trigger of ALT activity. Here we show that experimentally increased TERRA transcription not only increases ALT features, as expected, but also causes rapid loss of telomeric DNA through a pathway that requires the endonuclease Mus81. Our data indicate that the ALT mechanism can endanger telomere integrity if not properly controlled and point to TERRA transcription as a uniquely versatile target for therapy.
Strömgren and near-infrared photometry of metal-rich bulge globular clusters - I. NGC 6528 and its surrounding field

We present Stromgren and near-infrared (NIR) photometry of the bulge cluster NGC 6528 and its surrounding field in the Ba ade's Window. uvby images have been collected with EFOSC2 on the New Technology Telescope (NTT, La Silla, ESO). The NIR catalogs are based on J, K-band VIRCAM@VISTA (Paranal, ESO) and SOFI@NTT photometry . The matching of the aforementioned data sets with Hubble Space Telescope photometry allowed us to obtain proper-motion-cleaned samples of NGC 6528 and bulge stars. Furthermore, we were able to correct the Stromgren-NIR photometry for differential reddening. The huge color sensitivity of the Stromgren-NIR Color-Magnitude-Diagrams (CMDs) helped us in disentangling age and metallicity effects. The red-giant branch (RGB) of NGC 6528 is well reproduced in all the CMDs by adopting scaled-solar isochrones with solar abundance, i.e. Z = 0.0198, orα-enhanced isochrones with the same iron content, i.e. Z = 0.04, and an age range of t = 10 - 12 Gyr. The same isochrones well reproduce most of the color spread of the Baade's window RGB. These findings support age estimates present in literat ure for NGC 6528. We also performed a new theoretical visual-NIR metallicity calibration based on the Stromgren index m1 and on visual-NIR colors for red-giant (RG) stars. Scaled-solar andα-enhanced models have been adopted and we validated the new Metallicity-Index-Color (MIC) relations by applying them to estimate the photometric metal abundance of a sample of field RGs and of a metal-poor (M 92, (Fe/H)∼ −2.3) and a metal-rich (NGC 6624, (Fe/H)∼ −0.7) globular cluster. We applied the calibration to estimate the mean metal abundance of NGC 6528, finding (Fe/H) = (M/H) =−0.04±0.02, with a mean intrinsic dispersion ofσ = 0.27 dex, by averaging the metallicities obtained with the scaled-solar ( m), y− J and (m), y− K MIC relations, and of−0.11±0.01, withσ = 0.27 dex, by using the m1, y− J and m1, y− K relations. These findings would support the results of Zocca li et al. (2004) based on high-resolution spectroscopy, which give (Fe/H) =−0.10±0.2 for NGC 6528, and a lowα-enhancement of (α/Fe) = 0.1, and of Carretta et al. (2001), that find (Fe /H) = 0.07±0.01, with a modestα-enhancement, (α/Fe) = 0.2. By applying the scaled-solar MIC relations to the sample of Baade's window RGs, we find a metallicity distribution whi ch extend approximately from (Fe/H)∼ −1.0 up to (Fe/H)∼ 1 dex, with two metallicity peaks at (Fe/H)≈−0.2 and (Fe/H)≈ 0.55 ((m), y− J and (m), y− K relations), and (Fe/H)≈−0.25 and (Fe/H)≈ 0.4 (m1, y− J and m1, y− K relations). These findings are in fairly good agreement with the spectroscopic studies of Zoccali et al. (2008), and Hill et al. (2011) for the Baade's window, of Utte nthaler et al. (2012) for a region centered at ( l, b) = (0 ◦ ,−10 ◦ ), and with the recent results of the ARGOS surveys for the bulge (Freeman et al. 2013, Ness et al. 2013a).
Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Isolated from a Bovine Brain Sample in Costa Rica

The genome of Vesicular stomatitis (New Jersey) virus was obtained by high-throughput sequencing after the nucleic acid was extracted from the supernatant of Vero E6 cells inoculated with a sample of a bovine brain with nervous signs. The sample was negative for rabies by direct Immunofluorescence and bovine spongiform encephalopathy by histopathology. ABSTRACT The genome of Vesicular stomatitis (New Jersey) virus was obtained by high-throughput sequencing after the nucleic acid was extracted from the supernatant of Vero E6 cells inoculated with a sample of a bovine brain with nervous signs. The sample was negative for rabies by direct Immunofluorescence and bovine spongiform encephalopathy by histopathology.