Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Indolent multicentric chordoma – A previously undescribed entity: A Case report and literature review

Background: Chordomas are rare neuraxial tumors arising from remnants of primitive notochord. They are generally slow-growing malignant neoplasms. Only four adult cases of multicentric chordomas have been reported, all with aggressive and rapid growth. Here, we present an unusual case of indolent multicentric chordomas involving cervical and thoracic spine, sacrum, and calvarium. Case Description: A 60-year-old male was found to have multiple lesions throughout his neuroaxis incidentally on workup for colitis. A needle biopsy documented the diagnosis of chordoma. This has been followed for more than 4 years with no progression. Conclusion: We present the first reported case of indolent multicentric chordomas. Due to the extreme rarity of indolent multicentric chordomas, close follow-up is needed and recommended.
What Controls the Interannual Variability of the Boreal Winter Atmospheric River Activities over the Northern Hemisphere?

Interannual variability of the winter AR activities over the Northern hemisphere is investigated. The leading modes of AR variability over the North Pacific and North Atlantic are first identified and characterized. Over the Pacific, the first mode is characterized by a dipole structure with enhanced AR frequency along the AR peak region at about 30°N and reduced AR frequency further north. The second mode exhibits a tri-pole structure with a narrow band of positive AR anomalies at about 30°N and sandwiched by negative anomalies. Over the Atlantic, the first mode exhibits an equatorward shift of the ARs with positive anomalies and negative anomalies located on the equatorward and poleward side of the AR peak region at about 40°N, respectively. The second mode is associated with the strengthening and eastward extension of the AR peak region which is sandwiched by negative anomalies. A large ensemble of atmospheric global climate models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6), which shows high skills in simulating these modes, is then used to quantify the roles of sea surface temperature (SST) forcing versus internal atmospheric variability in driving the formation of these modes. Results show that SST forcing explains about half of the variance for the Pacific leading modes, while that number drops to about a quarter for the Atlantic leading modes, suggesting higher predictability for the Pacific AR variability. Additional ensemble driven only by observed tropical SST is further utilized to demonstrate the more important role that tropical SST plays in controlling the Pacific AR variability while both tropical and extratropical SST exert comparable influences on the Atlantic AR variability.
Polyhedral Decomposition of Hyperbolic 3-Manifolds with Totally Geodesic Boundary

A hyperbolic manifold will be a riemannian manifold with constant sectional curvature -1. It is shown by Epstein and Penner [1] that every noncompact complete hyperbolic manifold of finite volume, hence having cusps, is decomposed by ideal polyhedra. The decomposition supplies a quite convenient block to study several geometries of the cusped manifold especially in dimension three. See [4] for instance. A variant of the construction by Epstein and Penner would establish a decomposition of a compact hyperbolic manifold with nonempty geodesic boundary by truncated polyhedra as well, which we plan to discuss in a forthcoming paper [3]. However the process will be rather unseen in the manifold. In this paper, taking advantage of working only in dimension three, we give a more visible construction of this decomposition. In fact we directly show
Tubule-mitophagic secretion of SerpinG1 reprograms macrophages to instruct anti-septic acute kidney injury efficacy of high-dose ascorbate mediated by NRF2 transactivation

High-dose ascorbate confers tubular mitophagy responsible for septic acute kidney injury (AKI) amelioration, yet its biological roles in immune regulation remain poorly understood. Methods: The role of tubular mitophagy in macrophage polarization upon high-dose ascorbate treatment was assessed by fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis (FACS) in vitro and by immunofluorescence in AKI models of LPS-induced endotoxemia (LIE) from Pax8-cre; Atg7flox/flox mice. The underlying mechanisms were revealed by RNA-sequencing, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), luciferase reporter, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and adeno-associated viral vector serotype 9 (AAV9) delivery assays. Results: High-dose ascorbate enables conversion of macrophages from a pro-inflammatory M1 subtype to an anti-inflammatory M2 subtype in murine AKI models of LIE, leading to decreased renal IL-1β and IL-18 production, reduced mortality and alleviated tubulotoxicity. Blockade of tubular mitophagy abrogates anti-inflammatory macrophages polarization under the high-dose ascorbate-exposed coculture systems. Similar abrogations are verified in LIE mice with tubular epithelium-specific ablation of Atg7, where the high-dose ascorbate-inducible renal protection and survival improvement are substantially weaker than their control littermates. Mechanistically, high-dose ascorbate stimulates tubular secretion of serpin family G member 1 (SerpinG1) through maintenance of mitophagy, for which nuclear factor-erythroid 2 related factor 2 (NRF2) transactivation is required. SerpinG1 perpetuates anti-inflammatory macrophages to prevent septic AKI, while kidney-specific disruption of SerpinG1 by adeno-associated viral vector serotype 9 (AAV9)-short hairpin RNA (shRNA) delivery thwarts the anti-inflammatory macrophages polarization and anti-septic AKI efficacy of high-dose ascorbate. Conclusion: Our study identifies SerpinG1 as an intermediate of tubular mitophagy-orchestrated myeloid function during septic AKI and reveals a novel rationale for ascorbate-based therapy.
Food Science of Animal Resources

Beef muscles from mature cows and bulls, especially those originating from the extremities of the carcass, are considered as underutilized due to unsatisfactory palatability. However, beef from culled animals comprises a substantial proportion of the total slaughter in the US and globally. Modern consumers typically favor cuts suitable for fast, dry-heat cookery, thereby creating challenges for the industry to market inherently tough muscles. In general, cull cow beef would be categorized as having a lower extent of postmortem proteolysis compared to youthful carcasses, coupled with a high amount of background toughness. The extent of cross-linking and resulting insolubility of intramuscular connective tissues typically serves as the limiting factor for tenderness development of mature beef. Thus, numerous post-harvest strategies have been developed to improve the quality and palatability attributes, often aimed at overcoming deficiencies in tenderness through enhancing the degradation of myofibrillar and stromal proteins or physically disrupting the tissue structure. The aim of this review is to highlight existing and recent innovations in the field that have been demonstrated as effective to enhance the tenderness and palatability traits of mature beef during the chilling and postmortem aging processes, as well as the use of physical interventions and enhancement.
The Effects of a Reduced Force Aerial Bucket Control on Upper Extremity Muscular Demands as Assessed with Surface Electromyography

The Effects of a Reduced Force Aerial Bucket Control on Upper Extremity Muscular Demands as Assessed with Surface Electromyography Casey D. Garces Marquette University, 2017 A common control for operating aerial bucket trucks for utility companies in North America is called a pistol grip control. Based upon many anecdotal reports of forearm muscle fatigue from workers using this control, Prof. Richard Marklin began an EPRI-sponsored study in 2016 using EMG to determine muscle fatigue of workers while they used the pistol grip. Muscle activity recorded by EMG is a measure of the magnitude of muscle force under controlled conditions. This study confirmed the reports of muscle fatigue in extensor digitorum communis (EDC) muscle in the right forearm. The next phase of the study was to design and build a selfcontained, battery-powered replacement for the pistol grip that could reduce the required input force and therefore muscle fatigue in the EDC. This new design is called the reduced-force pistol grip. The reduced-force pistol grip was then tested in a 20-participant laboratory study using EMG to quantify the reduction in muscle fatigue of the right arm. This laboratory study showed that there was a decrease in muscle activity of the right EDC while using the reduced force (50% reduced force) pistol grip as compared to a conventional force pistol grip currently used on utility trucks. The results of the truck to line full trials, which are the most representative of actual movements of the pistol grip in the field, showed that the reduction of 50% required input force produced a meaningful reduction in muscle activity of 5.6%. EMG results provide evidence that the reduced force pistol grip decreases the risk of muscle fatigue of line workers who operate the pistol grip. EMG results also corroborate reports of muscle fatigue from utility line workers who operate the pistol grip with conventional force levels. This study was the first to quantify muscular loading of an aerial bucket pistol grip control and results of the redesigned pistol grip show promise for improving the occupational health of electric utility line workers.
Evaluation of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism and Genetic Diversity at the Myostatin gene Locus in Indigenous and Locally Adapted Exotic Turkey breeds in Nigeria

This research was carried out to characterize single nucleotide polymorphism at the myostatin gene locus in indigenous and Nigerian locally adapted exotic turkeys. A total of 220-day-old poults comprising 120 local and 100 locally adapted exotic turkeys were sourced from reputable hatchery and were managed for 20 weeks under intensive management system. Blood samples were collected from 70 turkeys each form the two breeds via the brachial vein into Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic Acid (EDTA) bottles for DNA extraction and amplification of target regions using commercially available kits when the birds were 8 weeks. Genomic regions containing exon 1 and 2 of MSTN gene including their surrounding introns were sequenced and analyzed using BioEdit, Codon Code Aligner, DnaSP and MEGA software. Codon-based test was also performed to estimate the ratio of non-synonymous substitutions (dN) to synonymous substitutions (dS). Results from our study showed that both local and exotic turkey breeds had one non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (248 G>A) in exon 1 while SNP variant 333 G>A was detected only in exon 2 of exotic turkey. In intron 1, a total of 3 SNPs in local turkey and 2 SNPs in exotic turkey were detected. Intron 2 also revealed 4 and 3 SNPs in local and exotic turkeys respectively. Genetic diversity indices showed that local turkey had higher haplotype diversity at intron 1 (75 %) and intron 2 (84 %) while haplotype diversity of 20 % was estimated at exon 2 in exotic turkey. Our Codon-based test of selection showed dN/dS ratio of <1 (purifying selection) at G248A SNP loci, suggested a possible role of this non-synonymous SNP variant on growth performance. We recommend a population-based study to investigate the effect of this non-synonymous SNP G248A on growth and morpho-structural traits for breed improvement and conservation of our locally adapted turkey populations.
A Review of HDV Infection

Hepatitis D is the most severe viral hepatitis. Hepatitis D virus (HDV) has a very small RNA genome with unique biological properties. It requires for infection the presence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and is transmitted parenterally, mainly by superinfection of HBsAg carriers who then develop chronic hepatitis D. HDV has been brought under control in high-income countries by the implementation of HBV vaccination, and the clinical pattern has changed to a chronic hepatitis D seen in ageing patients with advanced fibrotic disease; the disease remains a major health concern in developing countries of Africa and Asia. Every HBsAg-positive subject should be tested for HDV serum markers by reflex testing, independently of clinical status. Vaccination against HBV provides the best prophylaxis against hepatitis D. The only therapy available so far has been the poorly performing Interferon alfa; however, several new and promising therapeutic approaches are under study.
Innovation or Imitation: Empirical Test Based on EPS Global Statistics

Technological progress is an important embodiment of innovation-driven, but also the main determinant of sustained economic development. Technological advances lie in the introduction of technology, learning, imitation, and independent research and development. The introduction of technology to developing countries can accelerate technological progress, reduce the technology gap, and promote sustained and rapid economic development. If the technology gap between developed and developing countries is, in fact, gradually shrinking, then the continual introduction and imitation of new technology can easily lead to “path dependence” and technical bottlenecks in developed countries. This trend may also be unfavorable for the protection of intellectual property rights. Due to the externality of knowledge and the cost of imitation, there exists an internal Nash equilibrium point between the R & D strategy and the imitation strategy. In this article, we use population dynamics and the replicon dynamics of R & D and imitation, as well as equilibrium conditions, to optimize the investment path of the enterprise. The balance between the number of R & D and the number of imitators depends on the proportion of the output elasticity of the R & D enterprise. Due to the existence of this balance, the rate of technological progress and the rate of capital growth were found to increase in proportion. Our empirical analysis confirmed this result and found that the transnational flows of the factor affect stability. Therefore, innovation-driven technological progress was found to be an important determinant of sustained economic growth.
The control of gravity waves in data assimilation 27 April 1999

European Centr e for Medium-Rang e Weather Forecasts The needto control gravity waves in dataassimilationand the generalconceptof initialization are discussed.The basic methodof non-linearnormal-modeinitialization is introduced,and aspectsof its implementationin modelsare presented, covering the vertical and horizontalmodal decomposition,implicit initialization and diabatic initialization. The control of gravity wavesin theECMWF variationaldataassimilationsystemis described.An introductionto thealternati ve methodof digital filtering is also gi ven.
Working from home, care work and shifting gender roles for dual-career couples during the COVID-19 pandemic: An exploratory study of urban Zimbabwe

abstract The complexities brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic have created a new ‘normal’ which has further blurred the boundaries of work and home space, with potential to shift gendered care work roles within the household. As schools and childcare centres have also been closed under the COVID-19 lockdowns, care work has been intensified to cater for the home-schooling of children. In the era of COVID-19, the overlapping of work into the home and vice versa has implications for dual-career couples. Using text-based online interviews, 15 heterosexual dual-career couples were purposively selected to explore how dual-career couples in urban Zimbabwe were balancing work and home life during the COVID-19 lockdowns. Findings indicate that COVID-19 indeed intensified care work for women in the home. There was no significant shift in men’s attitudes towards care work or an increased uptake of domestic labour. Utilising a gender lens to boundary theory and African feminism, the paper shows that care work continues to be perceived as women’s work, with men only coming in to assist where necessary. The study recommends that more work needs to be done to shift men’s attitudes towards care work and lessen the burden for women.
Tensile and flexural tests on ultrahigh performance concrete grouted sleeve connection

Connections in the assembled precast elements become essential locations for creating structural continuity. However, the construction challenges of conventional steel sleeve connections, such as rebar embedment length, rebar congestion, and formed grout defects (i.e., voids), are still a concern area for researchers and engineers. In this study, a proposed ultrahigh performance concrete (UHPC) grouted sleeve connection was presented for assembled precast elements, which might reduce defects, enhance durability, and accelerate structure construction. The tensile test of grouted sleeve connection with different grouting materials, rebar diameters, and anchoring lengths was conducted to determine an optimal anchoring length used in the flexural design. The precast specimens with the UHPC grouted sleeve connection were tested under flexural load. Also, strain changes in concrete, sleeve, and rebar were reported in tensile and flexural tests. The tensile test results showed two types of failure modes, the rebar rupture and bond failure between rebar and grouting. The recommended rebar anchoring length in the flexural design was six times the rebar diameter. The flexural test results showed that the precast specimen with or without the shear key has a similar failure mode as compared to the cast‐in‐place specimen, while their average cracking load, yield load, and ultimate load were 27.9%, 11.0%, and 7.4%, respectively, which is less than those of the cast‐in‐place specimen. Also, the flexural cracking resistance was the highest in the sleeve segment, followed by the joint region and the rebar segment. This study provides a reference for the design of the UHPC grouted sleeve connection for assembled precast elements.
N and S Dual-Doped Mesoporous Carbon Nanostructure as a High Performance and Durable Metal Free Oxygen Reduction Reaction Electrocatalyst

Discovering a high performance, durable, and cost-effective oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalyst is a key strategy for widespread use of the high efficiency and environmentally friendly fuel cell and metal-air battery technologies. Herein, we fabricate a high performance and durable metal free N and S dual-doped mesoporous carbon nanostructure (NS-VXC) ORR catalyst using solid state thermolysis at 700 °C for 1 h. The fabricated catalyst exhibits nanocarbon aggregated chain-like morphology with a high surface area and mesoporous structure. The amount of N and S dopants embedded in mesoporous carbon nanostructure is found to be 3.2 and 1.1%, respectively which significantly attribute to the synergistic effect of spin and charge density leading to not only superior ORR performance but excellent durability in the alkaline environment as well. Rotating ring disk electrode analysis reveals the codoped NS-VXC catalyst possesses a direct 4-electron transfer number pathway with extremely low peroxide intermediate content. Compared to the benchmark Pt/C catalyst, the fabricated NS-VXC catalyst generated 10 mV ORR performance outperform and negligible performance degradation after the 10,000 ORR cycling test. These results suggest that an innovative solid state thermolysis methodology can be a powerful nanomaterial fabrication technique to generate high performance and excellent durability electrocatalyst for green energy applications.
Mean-field dynamics of a Bose-Einstein condensate in a time-dependent triple-well trap: Nonlinear eigenstates, Landau-Zener models and STIRAP

Technische Universit¨at Kaiserslautern, FB Physik, D-67653 Kaiserslautern, Ger many(Dated: February 1, 2008)We investigate the dynamics of a Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) in a triple-well trap in athree-level approximation. The inter-atomic interactions are taken into account in a mean-ﬁeldapproximation (Gross-Pitaevskii equation), leading toanonlinear three-levelmodel. Neweigenstatesemerge due to the nonlinearity, depending on the system parameters. Adiabaticity breaks down ifsuch a nonlinear eigenstate disappears when the parameters are varied. The dynamical implicationsof this loss of adiabaticity are analyzed for two important special cases: A three level Landau-Zener model and the STIRAP scheme. We discuss the emergence of looped levels for an equal-slope Landau-Zener model. The Zener tunneling probability does not tend to zero in the adiabaticlimit and shows pronounced oscillations as a function of the velocity of the parameter variation.Furthermore we generalize the STIRAP scheme for adiabatic coherent population transfer betweenatomic states to the nonlinear case. It is shown that STIRAPbreaks down if the nonlinearity exceedsthe detuning.
Local Community Development Through Product Packaging Design: A Case Study of the Derwanti Salted Egg Industry

Community activities restrictions enforcement or PPKM has occurred due to the COVID-19 pandemic and this has negatively impacted micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs). Online marketing is a promising opportunity to help allay this situation. However, it is not fully utilized by the salted egg industry sellers in Bandung, who tend to be lax in engaging with market opportunities. This study aimed to contribute ideas for the development of the Derwati salted egg production center community in Bandung. Through effective packaging design, a product can reach a wider marketing area, both online and offline. Qualitative methods were used in this study. Packaging design prototypes were developed based on the observation results, including primary and secondary packaging, which can be applied according to the availability of local resources. Keywords: branding, packaging, community
Active Control of Flow Separation Over an Airfoil

Designing an aircraft without conventional control surfaces is of interest to aerospace community. In this direction, smart actuator devices such as synthetic jets have been proposed to provide aircraft maneuverability instead of control surfaces. In this article, a numerical study is performed to investigate the effects of unsteady suction and blowing on airfoils. The unsteady suction and blowing is introduced at the leading edge of the airfoil in the form of tangential jet. Numerical solutions are obtained using Reynolds-Averaged viscous compressible Navier-Stokes equations. Unsteady suction and blowing is investigated as a means of separation control to obtain lift on airfoils. The effect of blowing coefficients on lift and drag is investigated. The numerical simulations are compared with experiments from the Tel-Aviv University (TAU). These results indicate that unsteady suction and blowing can be used as a means of separation control to generate lift on airfoils.