Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison between electrical and optical clock distribution for CMOS integrated circuits

Downscaling the CMOS technology is expected to encounter a metallic interconnect bottleneck in the near future due to the increasing delays of global on-chip interconnects, problems of signal integrity and timing uncertainty (skew and jitter) as well as power consumption. The possible silicon-compatible monolithic integration of optical on-chip interconnects is described as an alternative solution. It is shown that integrated optics using SOI single-mode waveguides, Si-based modulators, and Ge photodetectors offers a feasible way to distribute global signals such as the global clock across a chip. Taking into account the photodetectors followed by a CMOS-inverter-based transimpedance front-end amplifier with additional gain stages to ensure sufficient voltage swing, optical interconnects characteristics are compared with the performances of future metallic global interconnects recently published in the literature. The main advantages brought by optics include signal propagation with negligible distortion over cm-long distances, reduction of total chip power consumption, reduced delay, skew and jitter if compared with electrical repeated lines, and a lower sensitivity to temperature variations.
Digital radio frequency memory linear range gate stealer spectrum

In this paper, we develop an expression for the frequency spectrum of a digital radio frequency memory (DRFM) linear range gate stealer (RGS) electronic attack (EA) signal. A DRFM linear RGS EA signal has a slightly different center frequency than the input radar signal and evenly spaced harmonics or spectral lines. Previously, we presented a top-level analysis to predict the center frequency shift and the spacing of the spectral lines. However, our top-level analysis did not address the magnitude of the spectral lines. The expression developed in this paper reveals the magnitude of the spectral lines along with the center frequency shift and the spacing of the spectral lines. We also present laboratory spectral measurements to demonstrate the validity of the expression.
Field-oriented control of saturated induction machines

A nonlinear, field-oriented model is described for saturated induction machines. The model is an extended version of the rotor-flux-oriented dynamic model developed by W. Leonhard (1985), which is valid under linear magnetic conditions and is used in a wide range of applications. The effects of main flux saturation are discussed. The theory is applied to an induction machine subjected to field-oriented control which operates in the field-weakening region where the changes of saturation level play an important role in the dynamic behavior. It is also shown that, with the implemented current control, the control response is seriously distorted by the effects of variable saturation during field weakening. >
A JOINT NUMERICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF A SURGING POINT ABSORBING WAVE ENERGY CONVERTER (WRASPA)

This paper presents the findings from using several commercial computational fluid dynamics codes in a joint numerical and experimental project to simulate WRASPA, a new wave energy converter (WEC) device. A series of fully 3D non-linear simulations of WRASPA are presented. Three commercial codes STAR-CCM, CFX and FLOW-3D are considered for simulating the WRASPA device and final results are presented based on the use of Flow-3D. Results are validated by comparison to experimental data obtained from small scale tank tests undertaken at Lancaster University (LU). The primary aim of the project is to use numerical simulation to optimize the collector geometry for power production over a range of likely wave climates. A secondary aim is to evaluate the ability of commercial codes to simulate rigid body motion in linear and non-linear wave climates in order to choose the optimal code with respect to compute speed and ease of problem setup. Issues relating to the ability of a code in terms of numerical dissipation of waves, wave absorption, wave breaking, grid generation and moving bodies will all be discussed. The findings of this paper serve as a basis for an informed choice of commercial package for such simulations. However the capability of these commercial codes is increasing with every new release.Copyright © 2009 by ASME
Improved Survival After Multidisciplinary Team Decision-Making for Patients with Advanced Gastrointestinal Cancer: A Multicenter, Prospective, Noninterventional, Controlled Study

BackgroundFormal multidisciplinary team (MDT) discussions in clinical practice require time and space with unclear survival benefits for advanced gastrointestinal patients. This study aimed to investigate the long-term survival of patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancer after multidisciplinary team (MDT) decision-making.Materials and MethodsFrom June 2017 to June 2019, continuous MDT discussions on advanced gastrointestinal cancer were conducted in ten medical centers in China. MDT decisions and actual treatment received by patients were prospectively recorded. The primary endpoint was the difference in overall survival (OS) between patients in MDT decision implementation and nonimplementation groups. The secondary endpoints included the implementation rate of MDT decisions and subgroup survival analysis. ResultsA total of 461 MDT decisions of 455 patients were included in this study. The implementation rate of MDT decisions was 85·7%. Sex and previous treatment had an impact on MDT decision-making. The OS was 24·0 months and 17·0 months, respectively, in MDT decision implementation and nonimplementation groups. The implementation of MDT decisions significantly reduced the risk of death in the univariate analysis. The subgroup analysis showed a significant difference in survival analysis of patients with colorectal cancer, but no significant difference was found in patients with gastric cancer. The rate of secondary MDT discussion was very low. ConclusionMDT discussion can prolong the OS of patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancer, especially colorectal cancer. Scheduling of the next MDT discussion in time is necessary when the disease condition changes.
Directions for Using Historical and Pedagogical Experience to Improve Language Learning in a Post-Pandemic Society

In the present times of globalization, the issues of a high level of proficiency in foreign languages are especially relevant in the context of the significant need for specialists capable of working in an international environment. Foreign language proficiency is a significant condition for establishing and maintaining international business contacts, intensifying professional interaction with foreign colleagues. According to the Bologna Convention, knowledge of foreign languages is an important component of today's mobility of students, teachers and scientists in the context of access to education, innovative research and teaching opportunities in the postmodern European space. All these factors justify the economic value of a knowledge of foreign languages and become one of the key components of the professional competence of future specialists in the postmodern space. Competitiveness of specialists is directly dependent on on the ability to process professional foreign literature, as well as on the usefulness of the ability to listen to lecture material and reports in a foreign language during conferences, round tables and seminars; from the ability to take part in an idiosyncratic conversation on professional and business topics; as well as the ability to search for new information on the Internet or in theoretical scientific sources of the world level; from the ability to prepare and conduct a presentation on a selected topic in postmodern society.
EMBRYO GLUE AND CLINICAL PREGNANCY RATES IN ICSI EMBRYO TRANSFER CYCLES: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY

Purpose: One of the reasons for failed implantation after transferring good quality embryos in an intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycle is the failure of creation a viscid layer between the embryo and the endometrium. Many modifications have been made in embryo transfer medium to improve implantation and increase pregnancy rates such as adding albumin as a source of energy and adding hyaluronic acid in high concentrations such as in Embryo Glue medium: a human embryo transfer medium. To investigate whether the use of Embryo Glue had any effect on clinical pregnancy rates in intracytoplasmic sperm injection-fresh embryo transfer cycles. Methods: A prospective study included one hundred and twenty-eight infertile Iraqi women who were selected and subjected to a stimulation protocol in an intracytoplasmic sperm injection-fresh embryo transfer cycle. All patients were considered to be eligible for embryo transfer (no visible causes could prevent implantation) and only good quality embryos were transferred to them. Those women were divided randomly into two groups according to type of embryo transfer medium: group A: Embryo Glue medium. group B: Conventional medium. Then group A was subdivided according to age into: AI (34 women with age < 35 years and represented 50.7%) AII (33 women with age ≥ 35 years and represented 49.3%) While group B was subdivided into: BI (41women with age < 35 years and represented 67.3%) BII (20 women with age ≥ 35 years and represented 32.7%). Results: Although there was no significant difference between all groups in causes of infertility, the pregnancy rate was significantly higher in subgroup AII (18 pregnant from 33 women) while only 5 patients became pregnant from 20 patients in subgroup BII. In all women no more than four good quality embryos were transferred, and when total number of transferred embryos was significantly more in group B than group A (P=0.013), the significant increase in pregnancy rates was only observed in subgroup AII (P=0.048). Even though a highly significant difference in number of repeated implantation failure was in group A than group B (P=0.027), the pregnancy rates were significantly higher in group A (P=0.038). Conclusion: This study concluded that using Embryo Glue has a beneficial effect on old women and increase pregnancy rates, also it has a positive effect on pregnancy rates in repeated implantation failure and increases pregnancy rates even if the women is old.
Computational models of temporal expectations

With Western, tonal music, the expectedness of any given note or chord can be estimated using various methodologies, from perceptual distance to information content. However, in the realm of rhythm and meter, the same sort of predictive capability is lacking. To date, most computational models have focused on predicting meter (a global cognitive framework for listening), rather than fluctuations in metric attention or expectations at each moment in time. This theoretical contribution reviews existing models, noting current capabilities and outlining necessities for future work.
Modélisation des crues de la MEUSE

A disastrous flooding in December 1993 and January 1995, the Etablissement Public d'Amenagement de la Meuse et de ses Affluents. (EPAMA - public body for the development of the Meuse river and its tributaries) was created in order to carry out a complete modelling study of flooding on the Meuse - a pre-requisite to any future action. The study used a suite of models (hydrology, hydraulics, cartography and damage costs) coupled with a GIS and applied to the whole of the French stretch of the Meuse. The hydraulic model - STREAM, pseudo-2D, "cell " model covering a linear distance of nearly 500 km of valley - formed the core of the study. When this was used in conjunction with other models, it was possible to address every aspect of flood studies on the scale of a large basin - i.e. understanding origins of floods, critique and validation of hydrometric data, understanding of hydraulics, risk mapping, flood damage cost, study of development scenarios, and implementation of a model for real-time forecasting of floods. In this context, use of a hydraulic model such as STREAM makes it possible to meet the multiple objectives of a client, cover long stretches of valley, and attain a high degree of accuracy - the work for the Meuse was carried out at scales of 1/2500 and 1/5000. It also allowed the EPAMA to obtain extremely good knowledge of flooding on the Meuse and of its impacts, starting with very little knowledge and in a very short time (3 years).
Image Digital Watermarking Algorithm Based on Arnold Scrambling and Wavelet Transform

A new image digital watermarking algorithm based on DWT is proposed, by which Arnold scrambling is firstly processed followed by wavelet decomposition in images. Then the watermark information is embedded in the processed digital images according to certain rules. The experimental results show that the algorithm has a better robustness against common attacks of JPEG and median filtering.
FE simulation of a steel thin‐wall short‐tube forming process

This article concerns the forming of a steel thin‐wall short‐tube by an innovative small surface contact deformation process. A Finite Element model was built to predict the forming of the workpiece. The model controls the complex kinematics of the process. The problems associated with contact control and computation time are also investigated. Compared with measurements taken by the industrial partner, the first results obtained are highly promising, with regard to predicting both the workpiece geometry and the forces acting on the tools.
Simplified and accurate power-analysis method for deep-submicron ASIC designs

The algorithm, called Simplified Power Equations (SPE), derived on the basis of a host of transistor level power analyses of standard cells, properly represents the dependency of average power dissipation on output load, input slope and input state. Using the algorithm, power models of standard cells are significantly simplified while preserving a high level of accuracy. The efficiency of a gate-level power analysis is improved due to the simplicity of the power models. The algorithm can be extended to register transfer level (RTL) power analysis with the introduction of an RTL library.
Subsynchronous resonance in single-cage self-excited-induction-generator-based wind farm connected to series-compensated lines

Integration of large wind farms may get constrained owing to the available transfer capacity of existing transmission networks. This transmission capacity may be enhanced by incorporating series compensation. However, series capacitors are known to cause subsynchronous resonance (SSR) oscillations in synchronous generators. In this study, the potential of SSR is investigated with series-compensated lines connected to wind farms based on single-cage self-excited induction generators. A small-signal mathematical model is developed for the prediction of SSR oscillations in such a wind farm for a study system similar to the IEEE First SSR benchmark system. Eigenvalue analysis is performed through MATLAB at various operating points. This is validated by detailed time-domain simulation through electromagnetic transient simulation software EMTDC/PSCAD for a three-phase-to-ground (LLLG) fault at the remote end of the compensated line. An equivalent circuit analysis is performed to examine the impact of a similar fault at the terminals of the wind farm. It is shown from detailed non-linear simulation that even at a realistic level of series compensation a three-phase fault at generator terminals for low levels of wind farm power generation may subject the generator shafts to potentially dangerous magnitudes.
Design of Mobile Acoustic Source Positioning System

This paper presents a method of mobile acoustic source positioning system in the realization of intelligent car localization with the only acoustic signal available. This system consists of intelligent car, sensors and MCU. And it is not limited with the intensity of light using only acoustic signal to realize its auto-controlled localization. This system has merits like simplicity, low cost and low power consumption, and it can be applied in the voice positioning robotic technology.
Practical integrated design of a condenser-objective lens for transmission electron microscope

A condenser-objective lens is designed through combination of separating and integrating to consider the effect of the front condenser field on its objective performance. A practical lens model including magnetic pole piece, magnetic circuit and coil windings is built to optimize its rear field. The front field can be integrated into the rear one by simply adjusting the position of the specimen and the excitation on the condenser-objective lens. Optical performance of the integrated lens is researched as both a condenser lens and an imaging one. The total aberrations at the specimen plane are 0.01nm under STEM operation mode and its spherical aberration coefficient is 1.5mm when being an imaging objective lens, which can meet for high resolution microanalysis and TEM imaging.
Hacia una definición de la domótica

This article explains some technical aspects related to smart houses, as a group of new technologies is being incorporated to Spanish homes. It must not be forgotten that they should be adapted to users, as without them they would not have any meaning. It should also be reminded that automation is just another step in the evolution of houses. The different technical concepts included in this term are exposed in this context; this could help to determine precisely and exactly its definition , recently included by the Spanish Royal Academy of Language in its dictionary, and it may be applied to a classification of materials and products used in home systems, to check their performances. At the end, some of the possibilities and limitations of smart house’s technologies in Spain are explained.
A Predicted Optimal Performance of the Yurchenko Layout Vault in Women's Artistic Gymnastics

The Yurchenko layout vault is the base vault from which more advanced forms of the Yurchenko family of vaults have evolved. The purpose of the study was to predict an individual’s optimal Yurchenko layout vault by modifying selected critical mechanical variables. The gymnast’s current performance characteristics were determined using the Peak-Motus video analysis system. Body segment parameters were determined using the elliptical zone mathematical modeling technique of Jensen (1978). A 5-segment computer simulation model was personalized for the gymnast comprising the hands, upper limbs, upper trunk, lower trunk, and lower limbs. Symmetry was assumed, as the motion was planar in nature. An objective function was identified which translated the subjective points-evaluation scheme of the Federation of International Gymnastics (FIG) Code of Points to an analytic expression that was mathematically tractable. The objective function was composed of performance variables that, if maximized, would result in mini.
UTC(INPL) - a virtual time scale

The goal of good performance of a time scale from a small set of atomic clocks has been realized. This time scale is both synchronized to UTC within the internationally agreed goal of a few hundred nanoseconds and syntonized to the SI second to less than 1 × 10−13. This has been accomplished using an algorithm to combine the readings of the clocks in an adaptive way based upon their actual performance and by a smooth automatic steering operation to maintain synchronism with UTC. This time scale, UTC(INPL), is a virtual time scale, or software clock, and is expected to have the advantage over a single primary clock of being more robust, more reliable and more stable than any of its physical member clocks, and insensitive to environmental perturbations. International measurements and comparisons by the GPS common-view approach have validated the performance. The frequency stability σy(τ) is less than 4 × 10−14. The software is PC-based and fully automatic. The concepts used in the generation of a virtual time scale are applicable to other areas of metrology and if incorporated could yield significant improvement in other international standards.
Design and realisation of dual-band 3 dB power divider based on two-section transmission-line topology

A new dual-band 3 dB three-port power divider with arbitrary impedance terminations is proposed. The structure is composed of a two-section transmission-line transformer and an isolation resistor. Each transmission line's electrical length is /spl pi//3 at the fundamental frequency. Based on an ideal transmission line model, new design equations and graphs are given. The technique is validated by the experimental results on a 3 dB 900/1800 MHz power divider with Z/sub S/=100 /spl Omega/ and Z/sub L/=50 /spl Omega/. Good performances of the proposed power combiner/divider at both frequencies are obtained.
Ultrasound-guided Serratus Anterior Plane Block Versus Thoracic Paravertebral Block on Alleviating the Acute and Chronic Pain Following the Video-assisted Thoracic Surgery: a Prospective, Randomized, Double-blinded Non-inferiority Clinical Trial

Background: The anesthetic efficacy of ultrasound-guided serrate anterior plane block (SAPB) on alleviating postoperative acute and chronic pain has been well concerned. The present study aims to compare the efficacy between ultrasound-guided SAPB and thoracic paravertebral block (PVB) on alleviating both acute pain and chronic pain following the video-assisted thoracic surgery. Methods: It was a prospective, randomized, double-blinded non-inferiority clinical trial involving 99 patients with lung nodules receiving video-assisted thoracic surgery with ultrasound-guided SAPB (SAPB group) or PVB (PVB group) on T4 and T7 vertebra using 0.375% ropivacaine at 2 mg/kg. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores at both rest and cough at 24 h postoperatively were graded as the primary outcome. Besides, secondary outcomes included the incidence of chronic pain at 3 and 6 months postoperatively, VAS scores at rest and cough at 1, 6, 12 and 48 h postoperatively, consumptions of fentanyl and remifentanyl, and the pressing times of the patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) pump. Baseline characteristics, surgery characteristics and primary and secondary outcomes between groups were compared. Results: A total of 92 eligible patients were recruited, including 46 in SAPB group and 46 in PVB group. Baseline and surgery characteristics between groups were comparable (all P>0.05). No significant differences in VAS scores at rest and cough at 1 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h, 3 months and 6 months postoperatively between SAPB group and PVB group were detected (all P>0.05). Conclusion: The anesthetic efficacy of ultrasound-guided SAPB was not inferior to PVB on alleviating postoperative acute and chronic pain following the video-assisted thoracic surgery.Trial registration number: retrospective registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2100050991, http://www.chictr.org.cn, 09/09/2021, Yan Wang, MD).
Design and operation of an outdoor microalgae test facility

The objective of the project covered in this report is to establish and operate a facility in the American Southwest to test the concept of producing microalgae on a large scale. This microalgae would then be used as a feedstock for producing liquid fuels. The site chosen for this project was an existing water research station in Roswell, New Mexico; the climate and water resources are representative of those in the Southwest. For this project, researchers tested specific designs, modes of operation, and strains of microalgae; proposed and evaluated modifications to technological concepts; and assessed the progress toward meeting cost objectives.