Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A data-driven wall model for the prediction of turbulent flow separation over periodic hills

Aeronautic flows are characterized by turbulence, which consists of chaotic perturbations around a time-averaged flow field. Turbulence appears in a large variety of length scales, ranging from unsteady flow features of the size of the aircraft, wing, blade down to tiny whirls, which are many orders of magnitude smaller. Turbulence has a profound impact on aerodynamic performance, but unfortunately, explicit computation of all turbulent features remains intractable for the design and analysis of real-life geometries [1]. The smallest structures, requiring the largest computational effort, are found in the so-called boundary layer near the wall. This cost can be avoided by modeling their time-averaged impact on the forces exchanged between fluid and the wall. This saving, in turn, allows for the direct computation of the largest turbulent flow features away from the wall, which govern important large-scale effects. The present work proposes the use of Deep Neural Networks (DNN) to link the wall shear stress components to volume data extracted at multiple wall-normal distances hwm and wall-parallel locations. The model focuses on separation since this phenomenon is currently not well-represented, whereas it has a huge impact on aerodynamic performance and operating range. The model is trained using a high-fidelity database of the well-known two-dimensional periodic hill flow. The conditions of this separated flow are such that it is still affordable to compute all turbulent flow features directly, using Tier-1 modern supercomputers.
Surgeons' re-operative valve replacement practices in patients with endocarditis due to drug use

Background: This study discerns surgeons' attitudes and practices in the determination of heart valve replacement for patients with infectious endocarditis (IE) due to intravenous drug use (IVDU). We aimed to identify the factors contributing to surgeons' decision-making process for initial and recurrent surgical heart valves and the availability of institutional guidance. Methods: An IRB-approved, anonymous mixed-methods, open survey instrument was designed and validated with 24 questions. A convenience sample of cardiothoracic surgeons in the United States and globally resulted in a total of 220 study participants with 176 completing every question on the survey. Results: A cluster analysis revealed that although surgeons can be divided into subgroups based on their previous experience with valve replacements, these groups are not perfectly homogenous, and the number of identified clusters is dependent on technique used. Analysis of variance revealed the variables that most clearly divided the surgeons into subgroups were, in order of importance, years of practice, number of valve replacements, and geography. Conclusions: Our analysis showed heterogeneity among cardiothoracic surgeons regarding how they make clinical decisions regarding re-operative valve replacement related to IE-IVDU. Therefore, an opportunity exists for interprofessional teams to develop comprehensive guidelines to decrease variability in surgical decision-making regarding valve replacement associated with IE-IVDU.
Simultaneously screening multiple UGT1A1 inhibitors from Polygonum multiflorum root using ultrafiltration liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.

The liver injury induced by Polygonum multiflorum root (PMR) is an urgent issue requiring wide spread attention. UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) inhibitors are suspected to additively contribute to the hepatotoxicity of PMR. This study was deliberately designed to simultaneously screen the UGT1A1 inhibitors from PMR and their co-contribution to the hepatotoxicity was evaluated. With ultrafiltration coupled to liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method, four compounds namely cis-2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-glucoside, trans-2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside, emodin-8-O-β-D-glucoside and emodin were screened out, displaying the in vitro inhibitory activities against UGT1A1 with IC50 values of 76.23, 18.70, 62.18, 34.02 μM, respectively. The varying activities of screened UGT1A1 inhibitors were explained by performing a molecular docking simulation. Finally, zebrafish larvae and mice assays demonstrated that the UGT1A1 inhibitors co-contributed to the hepatotoxicity of PMR. Hopefully, these findings are conducive to understand the acting role of UGT1A1 inhibitors in PMR-induced hepatotoxicity.
Literature Review of Energy-Economics Models, Regarding Technological Change and Uncertainty

The power sector contributes with more than one third of the anthropogenic green house gas (GHG) emissions, and therefore it is a relevant target for climate change mitigation measures. However, its technological evolution is co-dependent with many other complex phenomena, such as climate policies, energy investment, natural resources availability, social and political change, among others. In order to create the appropriate policies that help us to adopt low carbon energy technologies, it is necessary to understand how these uncertain phenomena interact, and what are the implications in terms of carbon emissions. This paper is an overview of some of the energy-economic models available to study the evolution of the power sector, with particular emphasis in the uncertain drivers of technological change, and the consequent impacts on GHG emissions.
Presence and predictors of pain after orthopedic surgery and associated orthopedic outcomes in children with cerebral palsy

While children with cerebral palsy (CP) may undergo 8‐22 orthopedic surgeries in their lifetime, little is known about the associated pain. We aimed to assess the pain presence before and one year after lower extremity orthopedic surgery, predictors of pain presence at follow‐up, and the association between pain and orthopedic outcomes related to surgery. This retrospective study included 86 children with CP (M age = 10.0 years, SD = 3.2; range = 4.1‐17.3 years, Gross Motor Functional Classification System (GMFCS) level I‐III) who underwent orthopedic surgery and had completed questionnaires at gait analyses before (M = 2.7 months; range = 0.0‐5.7) and after surgery (M = 11.8 months; range = 9.0‐14.9). Pain presence, location, and Pediatric Outcomes Data Collection Instrument (PODCI) scores were documented before and after surgery at gait analyses. Pain prevalence was 60% at baseline and 56% at follow‐up. Significant predictors of pain presence at follow‐up included (1) pain presence at baseline (range of odds ratios [OR] across any/all locations = 3.22 to 15.54), (2) older age (range of OR for any pain, back, knee, and foot pain = 1.24‐1.26), (3) female sex (decreased OR for males for ankle pain = 0.12), (4) having hip surgery (decreased OR for foot pain = 0.20), and (5) lower GMFCS level (OR for foot pain = 0.41). Changes in PODCI Sports and Physical Function scores were associated with changes in hip and knee pain (P < .03); PODCI scores worsened for patients who had pain at both time points and improved for patients who had pain at baseline but not follow‐up. Pain was present for over half of the participants before and after orthopedic surgery. Pain presence at follow‐up was predicted by pain presence at baseline. Pain and functional outcomes were correlated at follow‐up. Prospective studies examining perioperative pain experience and factors predicting pain outcomes are warranted.
An Impact Events Monitoring System for Wind Turbine Blades

An impact monitoring system using an array of fibre Bragg grating (FBG) sensors has been established on a wind turbine blade. The effect of the locations and detection capability of the FBG have been investigated. The possibility to identify the location of an impact is also discussed. This preliminary work may shed some light on how to establish an optimal monitoring system with a minimum number of sensors while achieving the acceptable sensitivity and coverage. With such a system, the corresponding strain history and occurrence of local damage can be monitored, thus helping to narrow down the scope of more detailed examination during an overhaul and enabling the integrity of a wind turbine blade to be more reliably assessed and monitored.
A FUZZY-MCDM EVALUATION FRAMEWORK BASED ON HUMANITY-ORIENTED TRANSPORT FOR TRANSFORMING SCHEME OF MAJOR ARTERIAL SPACE IN TAIPEI METROPOLITAN

Based on the concept of designing humanity-oriented, this paper established an evaluation framework, including four dimensions: traffic smoothness, pedestrian friendliness, comfort of landscape, and space complexity, to assess transforming schemes of major arterial roads in the Taipei metropolitan area and to facilitate decision-making process. By conducting fuzzy-MCDM approach and fuzzy-AHP method to integrate opinions of experts with different expertise into the evaluation framework and further determine the optimal transforming scheme. The evaluation result showed that the two optimal schemes both assign the maximum of adjusted roads to pedestrian space, transform the vehicle-oriented arterial roads into a pedestrian-friendly place, focus on greening the streetscape, and encourage mixed land use. The evaluation framework and the research methods applied in this paper are practical for the related municipal departments to utilize in reviewing transforming plans, thus creating a sustainable city.
A study on control of drive for vibrator using PM-type transverse flux linear motor

This paper proposes a novel electro-dynamic vibrator using a permanent magnet type transverse flux linear motor (namely, TFPLM) and controller design of drive for its variable vibration motion, i.e. vibration frequency, force, displacement. Because the TFPLM has high power density per unit volume, one can diminish the weight and volume of a vibrator system that needs high power and can be substituted for hydraulic vibrator systems, which have disadvantages of huge size and management. Also, the TFPLM can be applied to various fields of industry as a linear actuator.
FRAMEWORK FOR FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT LEARNING STRATEGIES IN BUILT ENVIRONMENT HIGHER EDUCATION PROGRAMMES

Formative assessment has begun to be recognized as a driving force for enhancing student learning. This paper addresses the context of Built Environment (BE) undergraduate programmes and the findings from a research project in the context of the changing Higher Education (HE) environment. The analysis of the literature on formative assessment shows that there is a common concern among the educational researchers about the function and position of assessment in HE today. The overall aim of this research is to contribute to an improvement in the quality of student learning in BE undergraduate education through the development of a theoretical framework for formative assessment. The application of a mixed methods approach and more particularly a constructivist stance to the research was adopted. A fourphase sequential approach has its key characteristic assessed and the advances in conducting and evaluating this design are presented. The results and analysis of all four phases of the research, which gives the views and preferences of senior academics, programme managers/leaders and lecturers/teachers in the BE in Ireland, are presented. From this ongoing research work a framework for a more scholarly approach to assessment in BE has been developed and piloted with selected student groups. The purpose of this framework is to provide an opportunity for undergraduate learners through their lecturers/teachers to change approaches to assessment practice so that their learning is enhanced to a level where they can become more selfregulatory and autonomous.
Phase Out of Incandescent Lamps: Implications for International Supply and Demand for Regulatory Compliant Lamps

Since early 2007 almost all OECD and many non-OECD governments have announced policies aimed at phasing-out incandescent lighting within their jurisdictions. This study considers the implications of these policy developments in terms of demand for regulatory compliant lamps and the capacity and motivation of the lamp industry to produce efficient lighting products in sufficient volume to meet future demand. To assess these issues, it reviews the historic international screw-based lamp market, describes the status of international phase-out policies and presents projections of anticipated market responses to regulatory requirements to determine future demand for CFLs.
Psychedelic Science of Spirituality and Religion: An Attachment-Informed Agenda Proposal

ABSTRACT In this paper, we set an agenda for a psychedelic science of spirituality and religion based on attachment theory. Attachment theory proposes that people develop internal working models (IWMs) of interactions with others from their relational experiences with caregivers. Such IWMs then function as high-level priors or predictive models, enabling people, for better and for worse, to predict and organize their interpersonal and religious/spiritual relationships. One mechanism by which efficacious psychedelic interventions may work is by relaxing the grip of rigid, defensive priors (e.g. insecure IWMs with regard to others and God), further amplified by corrective relational experiences with the therapist, God, or others. We outline three key proposals to steer future research. First, individual differences in attachment security predict the phenomenology and integration of psychedelic experiences. Second, efficacious psychedelic therapy facilitates increased attachment security as a clinically relevant outcome. Third, attachment-related dynamics (e.g. a sense of connection to others/God/the universe, alleviation of attachment-related worries and defenses) are process-level mechanisms involved in the clinical utility of psychedelic treatment. Finally, we discuss the role of religion and spirituality in psychedelic experiences from an attachment perspective.
Compact wideband LTCC bandpass filter exploiting eighth‐mode SIW loaded with CSRR

A compact eighth‐mode substrate integrated waveguide (EMSIW) LTCC filter is proposed, its electrical size is reduced by a complementary split‐ring resonator loaded on the EMSIW. The filter is fabricated on multilayer ceramic, which, make the filter further compact. The filter was fabricated and measured. Results show the filter operating at 12.7 GHz with about 20.4% bandwidth. The measured minimum insertion is 1.3 dB, with an attenuation level of more than 25 dB from 4 to 10.0 GHz. The volume of filter is only 5.0 × 5.0 × 0.6 mm3. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:2164–2165, 2014
Preparation and Characterization of NiTi/PVA Nanofibers by Electrospinning

 Preparation of ultrafine NiTi particles by immersing sintered alloy in aqua regia.  Preparation of composite biomedical NiTi /PVA nanofibers.  Preparation of Nitinol nanofibers with polyvinyl alcohol. NiTi alloys are widely used in biomedical applications for their unique properties particularly the shape memory effect, superelasticity, and biocompatibility. In this research, NiTi/PVA composite nanofibers are fabricated by electrospinning technique, using a novel method of producing NiTi ultrafine particles by immersing amorphous NiTi alloy in dilute aqua regia solution. The NiTi particles are successfully embedded in the PVA matrix. The produced NiTi particles are analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and Particle size analyzer. The XRD pattern of ultrafine NiTi particles shows much better phases as compared to the XRD pattern of the amorphous NiTi alloy sample. The morphology of the produced NiTi/PVA composite nanofibers are characterized by Field emission scanning microscope (FESEM), and Energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS). The test results show regular continuous smooth bead-free nanofibers. A R T I C L E I N F O Handling editor: Jawad K. Oleiwi
Temperature-independent fiber Bragg grating acceleration sensor

An acceleration sensor based on measurement of the reflection bandwidth of a single fiber Bragg grating (FBG) is presented. The FBG is glued in a slanted direction onto the lateral surface at the center of the beam. Two weights were fixed respectively on the upper and lower surfaces in the middle of the beam to sense the variation of the acceleration in the vertical direction. Preliminary experimental results indicate that when the acceleration was increased, the 3-dB bandwidth of the FBG responded linearly from zero to 8 g, with very low temperature dependence. The measurement sensitivity and resolution are 0.4 nm/g and 0.05 g, respectively.
IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF LEARNING BY INCREASING THE STUDENTS’ READING SKILLS

Recently, the quality of students learning in many European schools has decreased. Various studies and evaluations of the Albanian education system have revealed that Albanian schools have low quality indicators. The reasons for this phenomenon are related to different educational and social factors. One of the factors that has significantly contributed to the low results of the Albanian students is the low quality of reading, which in turn has a direct impact on learning outcomes. This study aims at reflecting the state of reading and its related issues as well as the use of current techniques and strategies which aim to enhance critical thinking through reading and writing. In order to highlight some of the factors that can significantly affect the quality of reading for female / male students in rural and urban areas, around 300 students from 18 schools in 6 regions of the country were examined. Findings and recommendations are presented for the use of new strategies and techniques related to reading and improving the quality of student learning by improving the quality of the reading. Key words: critical thinking, quality of learning, reading, results, skills, strategies, techniques.
Estimation on State of Charge of Power Battery Based on the Grey Neural Network Model

The state of charge (SOC) of power battery is an important parameter of battery state, and it plays a vital role in real-time accurate estimation, condition monitoring, improving battery life, and ensuring the safety of power supply. This paper presents the grey neural network model of the relation between the battery SOC and rebound voltage, discharge current. Based on this model, a new on-line SOC detection method using rebound voltage and discharge current in the discharge process is proposed. From the testing results, the model and algorithm were proved to be feasible and effective, and the estimated error is controlled within a range of ±8%.
New sense amplifier for small-swing CMOS logic circuits

Novel differential edge-triggered sense amplifier (SA) capable of cascade connection is presented, the proposed SA can be used in memory units, as a line receiver and as a restoring element for small-swing logic. Cascade connection of the SA allows logic functions to be performed on small-swing differential signals directly, thus reducing delay and power.
Remediation of Heavy Metals from Galvanic Wastewater Using Cow Bone Char as Low Cost Adsorbent

The adhesion of metal ions from wastewater to surface of a material in an adsorption process had proven to be effective for remediation of wastewater before discharge. There is a growing demand to utilize alternative low-cost adsorbents for the removal of heavy metals from galvanic wastewater in most developing countries. Cow bones are cheap, readily available and can be sourced locally from slaughterhouses and abattoir. Therefore, their use as an alternative adsorbent for remediation of galvanic wastewater had to be assessed. In this study, the efficacy of cow bone char (CBC) was assessed for simultaneous heavy metal ions removal from real life galvanic wastewater in a competitive adsorption process. The galvanic wastewater was characterized using atomic adsorption spectrophotometry while the CBC was characterized using X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). Batch experiment was performed to determine the effect of adsorbent dose, contact time and agitation speed on the removal efficiency of heavy metal ions from the galvanized wastewater. The concentrations of Mn 2+ , Fe 2+ , Zn 2+ , Pb 2+ and Cr 2+ in the raw wastewater exceeded the WHO and EPA standards. The adsorbent revealed a significant distribution of well-developed porous, rough surfaces with cracks characterized by different functional groups for the efficient adsorption process. The optimum adsorbent dose for all the metal ions was 0.04 g/100 mL at an optimum contact time of 60 minutes except for Fe 2+ with optimum contact time of 20 minutes, and agitation speed of 150 rpm. The maximum metal removal efficiencies obtained for Mn 2+ , Fe 2+ , Zn 2+ , Pb 2+ and Cr 2 were 99.7%, 100%, 99%, 90% and 85% + , respectively. The average adsorption capacity for Mn 2+ , Fe 2+ , Zn 2+ , Pb 2+ and Cr 2+ were 0.44 mg/g, 26.7 mg/g, 78.5 mg/g, 0.133 mg/g for and 10.36 mg/g, respectively. CBC offers efficient and cost-effective removal of selected metal ions from galvanized wastewater.
Higher-order Kalman filter to support fast target tracking in a multi-function radar system

State-of-the-art multi-function radars to support area defence systems are currently under development-these allow steered searchlight-type looks to be performed in 3D and will provide the capability to track targets via both surveillance (search) looks and, additionally, looks dedicated to a specific track. Central to the derivation of this tracking capability is the development of a fast target track smoothing algorithm within these systems-this smoother will utilise associating plot outputs to update existing fast target tracks. As well as supporting weapon systems functions, the track data is also used as the basis for scheduling future looks, thus closing the loop in the radar system. A conventional approach to the tracking of fast targets is to utilise a Kalman filter using a system model based on the assumption of constant target velocity. However, the increased manoeuvrability of projected threats compromises the fundamental assumption of constant velocity, thereby limiting the potential performance of such an approach. A candidate solution is to utilise a higher order filter (HOF) which specifically embraces the possibility of target manoeuvre. While this addresses the problem, the formulation of the filter must necessarily include increased uncertainty in the assumed target behaviour. This results in larger covariances being attributed to the estimated position and velocity of tracked objects, resulting in reduced accuracy in the derived estimates of target heading in the important case of straight line target motion. A hybrid solution is possible, where a constant velocity filter is adopted as the baseline solution and a switching regime selects the HOF only when necessary. Such an approach retains all the benefits of the constant velocity approach in the regimes where its performance advantages occur. This paper describes a candidate switching approach, together with the structure of the selected second order filter, and illustrates the comparative performance against a conventional constant velocity filter approach.
Miniaturized hair-pin resonator filters and their applications to receiver front-end MICs

The authors describe newly developed miniaturized hair-pin resonator filters suitable for microwave integrated circuits (MICs). The size of the experimental filters has been reduced to one-half that of the conventional hair-pin resonator filter without increasing insertion losses. Trial receiver front-end MICs using these filters have been developed and have shown good characteristics, such as low noise and a high image suppression ratio. It is concluded that these miniaturized filters are suitable for use in mobile radio equipment in the L- and S-bands. <<ETX>>