Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pre-Pregnancy Adherence to Mediterranean Diet and Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Cohort Study in Greece

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a growing epidemic affecting pregnant women and their offspring. This study aimed to identify the relationship between adherence to a Mediterranean diet (MD) before conception and the risk of GDM in a contemporary Greek pregnant cohort. A prospective cohort of pregnant women was recruited at the routine first trimester visit. Nutritional intake was evaluated using a population specific validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Pre-pregnancy adherence to MD was derived using two different scoring systems, the Mediterranean diet index score (MDS), and a modified version. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) were computed using multiple logistic regression models for each score derived. Of 743 participating women, 112 (15.1%) developed GDM. The MDS index showed that scoring 5–9 points (high adherence) was associated with a lower GDM incidence (aOR: 0.57 95% CI (0.32, 0.90), p = 0.02), while the modified MDS index showed no significant association for any level of adherence. Pre-pregnancy consumption of “meat and derivatives” and “fatty meat and processed meat” was associated with a higher risk of GDM, with both scoring systems (p = 0.008, p = 0.004, respectively). A higher adherence to a MD pre-pregnancy, especially with less meat consumption, may have a protective effect on the occurrence of GDM.
The Interplay of Type 1, Type 2, and Type 3 Lymphocytes and Cytokines in Atopic Dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is classified as a type 2 disease owing to the majority of type 2 lymphocytes that constitute the skin-infiltrating leukocytes. However, all of the type 1–3 lymphocytes intermingle in inflamed skin lesions. Here, using an AD mouse model where caspase-1 was specifically amplified under keratin-14 induction, we analyzed the sequential changes in type 1–3 inflammatory cytokines in lymphocytes purified from the cervical lymph nodes. Cells were cultured and stained for CD4, CD8, and γδTCR, followed by intracellular cytokines. Cytokine production in innate lymphocyte cells (ILCs) and the protein expression of type 2 cytokine IL-17E (IL-25) were investigated. We observed that, as inflammation progresses, the cytokine-producing T cells increased and abundant IL-13 but low levels of IL-4 are produced in CD4-positive T cells and ILCs. TNF-α and IFN-γ levels increased continuously. The total number of T cells and ILCs peaked at 4 months and decreased in the chronic phase. In addition, IL-25 may be simultaneously produced by IL-17F-producing cells. IL-25-producing cells increased in a time-dependent manner during the chronic phase and may work specifically for the prolongation of type 2 inflammation. Altogether, these findings suggest that inhibition of IL-25 may be a potential target in the treatment of inflammation.
A calculation of confusion noise due to infrared cirrus

General expressions are developed for the statistical errors to be expected in photometric measurements due to confusion in a background of fluctuating surface brightness. Backgrounds actually observed in the far infrared by the IRAS satellite are used to calculate tables of these error expressions for two simple measurement techniques. The confusion noise limited sensitivities for NASA's planned Space Infrared Telescope Facility and the European Space Agency's Infrared Space Observatory are estimated at a wavelength of 100 μm from these tables
A Parallel Subgraph Isomorphism Algorithm on Multi-Core Platform

Subgraph isomorphism is an elemental issue in graph theory. Being the NP-hard problem overall, it is suitable for developing parallel algorithm to reduce the cost time. This paper presented an efficient isomorphism algorithm based on breadth first strategy and a scheme to decompose the matching task over multi-core platforms. The algorithm sorts the vertices of the two graphs by the the degree of outedge and inedge, then adds all the vertices to the feasible pair according to the connection relations of the current vertex. All the tasks distributed among the multi-cores share the same memory. The experiment shows that it has the better performance than current algorithm as the edges increase.
LXXXII. The binding energy of the Thomas-Fermi Atom

Abstract The Thomas-Fermi statistical model of the atom leads to the formula 20·92Z 7,3 ev for the total binding energy of an atom with atomic number Z, but this formula gives values which are too high by roughly 20%. The actual binding energies increase quite smoothly with increasing Z, which suggests the existence of a more appropriate formula. The reasons for the discrepancy are explained and a new theoretical formula derived. This is compared with spectroscopic and self-consistent field data and is found to agree within 1 or 2%. Some uncertainty remains about the relativistic correction for heavy atoms.
A wide dynamic range CMOS pixel with Steven's power law response

CCD as well as CMOS pixels suffer from the drawback of limited dynamic range and hence are unable to capture the wide dynamic range available in nature. Attempts to make wide dynamic range pixel have concentrated on either multiple capture techniques or the weak inversion region of a MOS device thereby producing a logarithmic response. The later is preferred on account of its similarity to the response of human eye. However, the response to brightness in the human eye more closely follows the Steven's power law. In this paper, a CMOS pixel is presented which is capable of producing a wide dynamic range response similar to that of the Steven's power law of brightness. In addition to this response, this 4-transistor pixel designed and manufactured in standard CMOS process has the ability to change the exponent as well as the proportionality constant in its response during its operation (run time). The pixel incorporates a single transistor used as compare and cutoff switch in addition to the standard active pixel sensor circuitry. The integrated response of the pixel is constantly compared to an inverted Steven's law response curve thereby leading to the required response. On account of small transistor count, the pixel has similar fill-factor and quantum efficiency as that of a standard CMOS active pixel sensor.
Evaluation of Dose Requirements Using Weight-Based versus Non-Weight-Based Dosing of Norepinephrine to Achieve a Goal Mean Arterial Pressure in Patients with Septic Shock

No consensus exists regarding optimal dosing of norepinephrine in septic shock. We aimed to evaluate if weight-based dosing (WBD) lead to higher norepinephrine doses when achieving goal mean arterial pressure (MAP) than non-weight-based dosing (non-WBD). This was a retrospective cohort study conducted after standardization of norepinephrine dosing within a cardiopulmonary ICU. Patients received non-WBD prior to standardization (November 2018–October 2019) and WBD afterwards (November 2019–October 2020). The primary outcome was the norepinephrine dose needed to attain goal MAP. Secondary outcomes included time to goal MAP, duration of norepinephrine therapy, duration of mechanical ventilation, and treatment-related adverse effects. A total of 189 patients were included (WBD 97; non-WBD 92). There was a significantly lower norepinephrine dose at goal MAP (WBD 0.05, IQR 0.02, 0.07; non-WBD 0.07, IQR 0.05, 0.14; p < 0.005) and initial norepinephrine dose (WBD 0.02, IQR 0.01, 0.05; non-WBD 0.06, 0.04, 0.12; p < 0.005) in the WBD group. No difference was observed in achievement of goal MAP (WBD 73%; non-WBD 78%; p = 0.09) or time until goal MAP (WBD 18, IQR 0, 60; non-WBD 30, IQR 14, 60; p = 0.84). WBD may lead to lower norepinephrine doses. Both strategies achieved goal MAP with no significant difference in time to goal.
Restoring Epigenetic Reprogramming with Diet and Exercise to Improve Health-Related Metabolic Diseases

Epigenetic reprogramming predicts the long-term functional health effects of health-related metabolic disease. This epigenetic reprogramming is activated by exogenous or endogenous insults, leading to altered healthy and different disease states. The epigenetic and environmental changes involve a roadmap of epigenetic networking, such as dietary components and exercise on epigenetic imprinting and restoring epigenome patterns laid down during embryonic development, which are paramount to establishing youthful cell type and health. Nutrition and exercise are among the most well-known environmental epigenetic factors influencing the proper developmental and functional lifestyle, with potential beneficial or detrimental effects on health status. The diet and exercise strategies applied from conception could represent an innovative epigenetic target for preventing and treating human diseases. Here, we describe the potential role of diet and exercise as therapeutic epigenetic strategies for health and diseases, highlighting putative future perspectives in this field.
Data Flow Control for Network Load Balancing in IEEE Time Sensitive Networks for Automation

IEEE time sensitive networks (TSN) offer redundant paths for automation networks that are essential preconditions for network load balancing (NLB) or distribution. They also provide several traffic shapers and schedulers with different impacts on the data flow control. The selection of the right traffic shaper or scheduler for an automation network is challenging. Their influence depends on various network parameters such as network extension, network cycles, application cycles, and the amount of data per traffic class and network cycle. In this study, data flow control for NLB in automation TSN using different traffic shapers and schedulers was investigated. The effects of the network parameters on the shapers and schedulers were derived and imported into the data flow control model of the automation network. The sample networks were simulated, and performance comparisons were made. The results show that the enhancements for scheduled traffic (EST), strict priority queuing (SPQ), and the combination of SPQ with frame preemption (FP) are better scheduler selections in connection with larger networks, fast network cycles, and fast application cycles. The cyclic queuing and forwarding (CQF) shaper and asynchronous traffic shaper (ATS) are rather an alternative for load control in small networks or in conjunction with slow applications.
A multiband quasi‐Yagi antenna using stepped driver and slotted ground for 2.4/3.5/5.2 GHz bands applications

A multiband quasi‐Yagi antenna using a stepped driver and slotted ground for the applications of 2.4/3.5/5.2 GHz bands is presented. The ground plane modifications match impedance and help form the resonances, while the stepped driver parameters allow independent control of resonance frequencies. The antenna shows multiband characteristics and has achieved S 11 < − 10 ${S}_{11}\lt -10$ dB in three different frequency bands of 2.15–2.65, 3.4–4, and 5–5.3 GHz. Furthermore, the antenna shows a stable gain of around 3.9–4.9 dBi and retains its general radiation characteristics for all frequency bands. The simulation and measurement results agree well with each other. The proposed antenna is suitable for applications requiring general quasi‐Yagi antenna characteristics for wireless communications applications for WLAN, WiMAX, ISM, and Bluetooth frequency bands.
Which Adverse Events and Which Drugs Are Implicated in Drug-Related Hospital Admissions? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Adverse drug events (ADEs) and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are leading causes of iatrogenic injury, which can result in emergency department (ED) visits or admissions to inpatient wards. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to provide up-to-date estimates of the prevalence of (preventable) drug-related ED visits and hospital admissions, as well as the type and prevalence of implicated ADRs/ADEs and drugs. A literature search of studies published between January 2012 and December 2021 was performed in PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. Retrospective and prospective observational studies investigating acute admissions to EDs or inpatient wards due to ADRs or ADEs in the general population were included. Meta-analyses of prevalence rates were conducted using generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) with the random-effect method. Seventeen studies reporting ADRs and/or ADEs were eligible for inclusion. The prevalence rates of ADR- and ADE-related admissions to EDs or inpatient wards were estimated at 8.3% ([95% CI, 6.4–10.7%]) and 13.9% ([95% CI, 8.1–22.8%]), respectively, of which almost half (ADRs: 44.7% [95% CI: 28.1; 62.4]) and more than two thirds (ADEs: 71.0% [95% CI, 65.9–75.6%]) had been classified as at least possibly preventable. The ADR categories most frequently implicated in ADR-related admissions were gastrointestinal disorders, electrolyte disturbances, bleeding events, and renal and urinary disorders. Nervous system drugs were found to be the most commonly implicated drug groups, followed by cardiovascular and antithrombotic agents. Our findings demonstrate that ADR-related admissions to EDs and inpatient wards still represent a major and often preventable health care problem. In comparison to previous systematic reviews, cardiovascular and antithrombotic drugs remain common causes of drug-related admissions, while nervous system drugs appear to have become more commonly implicated. These developments may be considered in future efforts to improve medication safety in primary care.
Negative refraction imaging by three‐dimensional metamaterial at microwave frequencies

We experimentally demonstrate negative refraction imaging at microwave frequencies by a three‐dimensional (3D) metamaterial with simple cubic unit structure, which is fabricated based on the electronic textile technology.A four‐layer metamaterial sample was tested in a series of experiments. The experimental result of the characteristic plasma frequency of the metamaterial was in good agreement with the theoretical result. The fabrication approach for 3D metamaterial may find many novel applications at microwave frequencies. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52:2253–2256, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.25459
Fingering phenomena created by a soluble surfactant deposition on a thin liquid film

A striking fingering instability accompanies surfactant droplet deposition upon thin films. The fingers apparently emerge from the droplet and are preceded by a circular rim of thickened fluid. In this work, we present a theory, based on the lubrication approximation, capable of explaining the physical mechanism responsible for these phenomena and the trends observed experimentally. The model comprises evolution equations for the film thickness and surfactant interfacial and bulk concentrations, which are parametrized by appropriately defined solubility and sorption kinetics parameters, and surface and bulk Peclet numbers; closure is achieved via use of a nonlinear equation of state. The results of our transient growth analysis and two-dimensional numerical simulations illustrate the delicate interplay, which exists between surfactant solubility and the nonlinearity in the equation of state. In particular, we show that solubility acts to destabilize the spreading process for a given value of the nonlinear.
The Residential Environment and Health and Well-Being of Chinese Migrant Populations: A Systematic Review

China’s internal migrants suffer from marginalised housing conditions, poor neighbourhood environments and residential segregation, which may have significant implications on health and well-being. Echoing recent calls for interdisciplinary research on migrant health and well-being, this study examines the associations and mechanisms of the impact of the residential environment on the health and well-being of Chinese migrants. We found that most of the relevant studies supported the “healthy migration effect”, but the phenomenon was only applicable to migrants’ self-reported physical health rather than mental health. The subjective well-being of migrants is lower than that of urban migrants. There is a debate between the effectiveness of residential environmental improvements and the ineffectiveness of residential environmental improvements in terms of the impact of the neighbourhood environment on migrants’ health and well-being. Housing conditions and the neighbourhood’s physical and social environment can enhance migrants’ health and well-being by strengthening place attachment and social cohesion, building localised social capital and gaining neighbourhood social support. Residential segregation on the neighbourhood scale affects the health outcomes of migrant populations through the mechanism of relative deprivation. Our studies build a vivid and comprehensive picture of research to understand migration, urban life and health and well-being.
Exterior flow of the Kida ellipse

The exterior flow of a Kida ellipse that has a large chaotic zone is studied. The spatial variability that is characterized by the separation rate of nearby particles in the chaotic region is determined. In order to quantify this variability, a method for calculating the finite time spreading rate is developed. By examining the individual particle trajectories, it is seen that particles that have a high spreading rate are particles that pass near a stagnation point of the flow. The effect of the addition of vorticity to particles in the exterior flow is examined.
Neutral hydrogen observations in the direction of extended background radio sources

Neutral hydrogen emission-absorption observations are reported for a wide galactic latitude range. Background comtinuum sources were primarily chosen to cover a broad range of angular sizes. These data are compared with those of Dickey, Salpeter, and Terzian which consist primarily of small background sources. We find no obvious correlation between the size of the background source and any of the observed H I quantities. These results put restrictions on the small scale structure of the interstellar neutral hydrogen.
Women entrepreneurs in India: a systematic literature review

PurposeThis paper aims to organize the existing empirical research on women entrepreneurs (WEs) in India, highlight the research areas that have not received attention and present opportunities for future research.Design/methodology/approachA systematic literature review (SLR) was performed on 74 scholarly articles focusing on WEs in India and published between 1993 and 2020. This review is structured around the 4W framework used in previous SLRs. The review is directed by the following foci: what do we know about academic research on WEs in India? How were these studies conducted? Where were these studies conducted? Why should academicians and practitioners consider WE research? FindingsThe authors arrived at four main themes underlying the empirical research on WEs: success factors for WEs, challenges faced by WEs, factors that attract and motivate WEs and performance measures for WEs. While challenges and success factors have received attention from researchers, there is a distinct lack of papers on factors that attract or motivate WE and performance measures. The main gaps identified were a lack of theoretical basis in studies, reliance on interview and survey-based methodology and a lack of context-specific studies.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings of this review are limited to WEs operating in India. Only Scopus-indexed journals listed in the Australian Business Dean's Council Journal Quality List (ABDC JQL) were included in the final SLR list.Originality/valueThis is one of the first studies to use a systematic approach to provide a detailed account of the state of the literature on women's entrepreneurship research in India.
Static and Dynamic Multiparameter Assessment of Structural Elements Using Chirped Fiber Bragg Gratings

This paper presents the development, analysis, and application of chirped fiber Bragg gratings (CFBGs) for dynamic and static measurements of beams of different materials in the single-cantilever configuration. In this case, the beams were numerically analyzed using the finite-element method (FEM) for the assessment of the natural frequencies and vibration modes of the beam for the dynamic analysis of the structural element. Furthermore, the static numerical analysis was performed using a load at the free end of the beam, where the maximum strain and its distribution along the beam were analyzed, especially in the region at which the FBG was positioned. The experimental evaluation of the proposed CFBG sensor was performed in static conditions for forces from 0 to 50 N (in 10 N steps) applied at the free end of the beam, whereas the dynamic evaluation was performed by means of positioning an unbalanced motor at the end of the beam, which was excited at 16 Hz, 65 Hz, 100 Hz, and 131 Hz. The results showed the feasibility of the proposed device for the simultaneous assessment of the force and strain distribution along the CFBG region using the wavelength shift and the full-width at half-maximum (FWHM), respectively. In these cases, the determination coefficients of the spectral features as a function of the force and strain distribution were higher than 0.99 in all analyzed cases, where a potential resolution of 0.25 N was obtained on the force assessment. In the dynamic tests, the frequency spectrum of the sensor responses indicated a frequency peak at the excited frequency in all analyzed cases. Therefore, the proposed sensor device is a suitable option to extend the performance of sensors for structural health assessment, since it is possible to simultaneously measure different parameters in dynamic and static conditions using only one sensor device, which, due to its multiplexing capabilities, can be integrated with additional optical fiber sensors for the complete shape reconstruction with millimeter-range spatial resolution.
Conjugated Polymer-Based Nanocomposites for Pressure Sensors

Flexible sensors are the essential foundations of pressure sensing, microcomputer sensing systems, and wearable devices. The flexible tactile sensor can sense stimuli by converting external forces into electrical signals. The electrical signals are transmitted to a computer processing system for analysis, realizing real-time health monitoring and human motion detection. According to the working mechanism, tactile sensors are mainly divided into four types—piezoresistive, capacitive, piezoelectric, and triboelectric tactile sensors. Conventional silicon-based tactile sensors are often inadequate for flexible electronics due to their limited mechanical flexibility. In comparison, polymeric nanocomposites are flexible and stretchable, which makes them excellent candidates for flexible and wearable tactile sensors. Among the promising polymers, conjugated polymers (CPs), due to their unique chemical structures and electronic properties that contribute to their high electrical and mechanical conductivity, show great potential for flexible sensors and wearable devices. In this paper, we first introduce the parameters of pressure sensors. Then, we describe the operating principles of resistive, capacitive, piezoelectric, and triboelectric sensors, and review the pressure sensors based on conjugated polymer nanocomposites that were reported in recent years. After that, we introduce the performance characteristics of flexible sensors, regarding their applications in healthcare, human motion monitoring, electronic skin, wearable devices, and artificial intelligence. In addition, we summarize and compare the performances of conjugated polymer nanocomposite-based pressure sensors that were reported in recent years. Finally, we summarize the challenges and future directions of conjugated polymer nanocomposite-based sensors.