Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Automatic Recognition of Fetal Heart Standard Section Based on Fast-RCNN

Congenital heart defect is one of the most common fetal congenital defects. Every year, about 1% of newborns in the world suffer from this disease, and the proportion in developing countries reaches up to 4%-5%. Automatic identification of standard fetal heart sections from 2D ultrasound scanning video is an important prerequisite for examining a fetus with congenital heart disease. In China, most areas belong to rural areas. In this difficult environment, it is extremely difficult to diagnose fetuses with congenital heart disease by prenatal sonographers, which requires sonographers with rich qualifications to make the diagnosis, but few sonographers meet this qualification in rural areas. In this study, a new method based on Fast-RCNN deep learning with Mobilenet as the backbone network is proposed to automatically identify the standard section of fetal heart. This model can not only help sonographers collect fetal ultrasound images in practice, but also provide a reliable basis for later analysis of the fetal images, save more time and enhance efficiency. And this method can not only help new ultrasound physicians, but also provide high-qualified sonographers enough auxiliary diagnosis effects. All the data sets used in this method collected from the cooperative hospitals of colleges and universities, and the data volume is 1839, which can be split into training set(1479) and test set(360). In three centuries of repeated trials, the Mean Average Precision (MAP) on the validation set reaches 92.49%, and the accuracy rate reaches 90%. In the later period, some comparative experiments of different neural networks have been carried out, which proves that the method in this study is superior to other neural networks and can bring enough benefits to ultrasound physicians.
Titanium Implants and Local Drug Delivery Systems Become Mutual Promoters in Orthopedic Clinics

Titanium implants have always been regarded as one of the gold standard treatments for orthopedic applications, but they still face challenges such as pain, bacterial infections, insufficient osseointegration, immune rejection, and difficulty in personalizing treatment in the clinic. These challenges may lead to the patients having to undergo a painful second operation, along with increased economic burden, but the use of drugs is actively solving these problems. The use of systemic drug delivery systems through oral, intravenous, and intramuscular injection of various drugs with different pharmacological properties has effectively reduced the levels of inflammation, lowered the risk of endophytic bacterial infection, and regulated the progress of bone tumor cells, processing and regulating the balance of bone metabolism around the titanium implants. However, due to the limitations of systemic drug delivery systems—such as pharmacokinetics, and the characteristics of bone tissue in the event of different forms of trauma or disease—sometimes the expected effect cannot be achieved. Meanwhile, titanium implants loaded with drugs for local administration have gradually attracted the attention of many researchers. This article reviews the latest developments in local drug delivery systems in recent years, detailing how various types of drugs cooperate with titanium implants to enhance antibacterial, antitumor, and osseointegration effects. Additionally, we summarize the improved technology of titanium implants for drug loading and the control of drug release, along with molecular mechanisms of bone regeneration and vascularization. Finally, we lay out some future prospects in this field.
The Influence of Motivation and Investment on the Length of Time Pilots Fly into Degraded Weather

Approximately 75% of weather-related accidents result in fatalities and are a primary safety concern in aviation. This study attempted to understand how financial motivation and time investment influence the length of time pilots fly into degraded weather. The sunk-cost effect claims that financially motivated pilots would continue longer when weather is encountered late in the flight. The results revealed that the financially motivated pilots continued longer than the non-fmancially motivated pilots when weather was encountered early in the flight. These results support the situation assessment hypothesis and cognitive anchoring. Specifically, how pilots assess the situation and utilize information obtained before making a decision can influence their decisions. Further research is needed to understand this relationship to possibly reduce the number of weather-related accidents and associated fatalities.
Effect of vitamin D supplementation on HbA1c level in a cohort of type 1 diabetic patients

Background and objective: Glycemic control is essential to halt the progression of diabetic complications. Some studies previously showed the effect of vitamin D on pancreatic β-cell function and insulin secretion. This study aimed to assess the effect of vitamin D supplementation on HbA1c in patients with type 1 diabetes and vitamin D deficiency. Methods: This prospective quasi-experimental study was conducted in Erbil city from 1st September to 1st December 2019. In this study, 76 patients attending Layla Qasim diabetic center were tested. Only 50 patients were recruited that had vitamin D deficiency (25OHD: <20) and were aged less than 18 years. They received vitamin D supplementation for 12 weeks. HbA1c and vitamin D level was measured before and after supplementation. Results: Before vitamin D supplementation, the mean level of serum 25(OH)D among females (8.67 ± 2.56) was lower than males (14.31 ± 3.19). However, no association was found between the initial HbA1c level and gender. HbA1c level (mean = 8.24 ± 0.49) improved significantly after vitamin D supplementation to the level of 7.93 ± 0.67 (P = 0.032). There was a significant difference between groups of glycosylated hemoglobin levels of (first tertile<7.5%, second tertile 7.6%-9.9%, third tertile ≥10%) after 12 weeks of supplementation with vitamin D (P <0.001). Conclusion: Vitamin D supplementation in type 1 diabetic patients with vitamin D deficiency lead to significant improvement in HbA1c level. Keywords: Diabetes; Deficiency; Vitamin D.
Effects of end winding porosity upon the flow field and ventilation losses in the end region of TEFC induction motors

The authors describe the fundamental nature of the flow field and the influence of the end winding's porosity within the end region of a TEFC induction machine. A simulated end winding of simplified geometry was used for the investigation. Effects upon the flow field and ventilation losses are reported. Owing to the physical size and positioning of the end winding, changes in porosity produce large changes in flow rate and circulation affecting the flow rates by varying the flow resistance at the fan outlet and affecting the amount of flow through the end winding itself. This affects all aspects of the flow field by altering the angular momentum in the flow circulation. The changes in flow rate and circulation are also reflected by large changes in the ventilation losses.
An Optimization-Based Orchestrator for Resource Access and Operation Management in Sliced 5G Core Networks

Network slicing is a promising technology that network operators can deploy the services by slices with heterogeneous quality of service (QoS) requirements. However, an orchestrator for network operation with efficient slice resource provisioning algorithms is essential. This work stands on Internet service provider (ISP) to design an orchestrator analyzing the critical influencing factors, namely access control, scheduling, and resource migration, to systematically evolve a sustainable network. The scalability and flexibility of resources are jointly considered. The resource management problem is formulated as a mixed-integer programming (MIP) problem. A solution approach based on Lagrangian relaxation (LR) is proposed for the orchestrator to make decisions to satisfy the high QoS applications. It can investigate the resources required for access control within a cost-efficient resource pool and consider allocating or migrating resources efficiently in each network slice. For high system utilization, the proposed mechanisms are modeled in a pay-as-you-go manner. Furthermore, the experiment results show that the proposed strategies perform the near-optimal system revenue to meet the QoS requirement by making decisions.
A rotating bioreactor for the production of biofilms at the solid–air interface

Conventional bioreactors are typically developed for the production of planktonic bacteria or submerged biofilms. In contrast, reactors for the continuous production of biofilms at the solid–air interface are scarce, and they require specific conditions since the bacteria need to attach firmly to the surface and require a permanent supply of moisture and nutrients from below. Recently, research from the field of civil engineering has pinpointed an increased need for the production of terrestrial biofilms: several variants of Bacillus subtilis biofilms have been shown to be useful additives to mortar that increase the water repellency, and, thus, the lifetime of the cementitious material. The bioreactor introduced here allows for the continuous production of such bacterial biofilms at the solid‐air interface, and they have virtually identical properties as biofilms cultivated via classical microbiological techniques. This is made possible by equipping a rotating cylinder with a porous membrane that acts as a solid growth substrate the bacterial biomass can form on. In this configuration, nutrient supply is enabled via diffusive transport of a suitable growth medium from the core volume of the cylindrical reactor to the membrane surface. In addition to cultivating bacterial biofilms, the versatile and adaptable set up introduced here also enables the growth of other microbial organisms including the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the fungus Penicillium chrysogenum.
Routing policies and COI-based storage policies in picker-to-part systems

The paper evaluates and compares the expected travel distance for different routing strategies- namely traversal and return policies in low-level pickerto-part systems. Items are assigned to storage locations on the basis of the ratio of the required space to the order frequency (cube-per-order index or COI). The focus is on narrow-aisle systems, in which the distance travelled crossing the aisle from one side to the other is negligible compared to the distance travelled along the centreline of the aisle. For both routing policies, an efficient COI-based stock location assignment strategy is first developed. Second, analytical models are derived which relate the expected travel distance required to fill an order to the main system parameters (i.e. the COI-based ABC curve; the number of picks in a tour; the number, length and width of aisles). Simulation results confirming the accuracy of the analytical models are presented. Finally, preference regions as a function of the number of picks in a tour and dif.
Dynamic Operability Analysis of Nonlinear Process Networks Based on Dissipativity

Most modern chemical plants are complex networks of multiple interconnected nonlinear process units, often with multiple recycle and by-pass streams and energy integration. Interactions between process units often lead to plant-wide operability problems (i.e., difficulties in process control). Plant-wide operability analysis is often difficult due to the complexity and nonlinearity of the processes. This article provides a new framework of dynamic operability analysis for plant-wide processes, based on the dissipativity of each process unit and the topology of the process network. Based on the concept of dissipative systems, this approach can deal with nonlinear processes directly. Developed from a network perspective, the proposed framework is also inherently scalable and thus can be applied to large process networks. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2009
Cooling of rocket plume using aqueous jets during launching

With an increase in rocket motor thrust, the thermal loads on the launch platform by the impingement exhaust jet are significantly increased, this poses serious safety risks to rocket launch. Therefore, a water cooling system should be designed to improve the thermal environment. In this study, the cooling effects of a water spray system with different injection velocities were analyzed through numerical simulation of high precision, and the afterburning effect of the exhaust gas was also considered to improve the calculation accuracy. The results showed that afterburning primarily occurred in the mixing layer, leading to a larger high-temperature region in the impingement plate. The water cooling system realized thermal protection for the launch platform, which was achieved by decreasing the temperature and velocity of impingement jet. With an increase in the aqueous jet velocity, a more significant cooling effect of the water spray system was obtained. However, the guiding performance of the deflector was decreased owing to the large amount of water vapor formed in the channel. It is suggested that the water spray system design should adopt an aqueous jet velocity of 20 m/s as a parameter after considering the cooling effect and guiding performance of the deflector.
Economic supply chain management of advanced manufacturing industry based on blockchain technology

Advanced manufacturing industry is the core of modern manufacturing industry, which is related to the overall situation of the whole national economic and social development. This study mainly discusses the advanced manufacturing economic supply chain management under the blockchain (BC) technology. The smart contract function in the BC will strengthen the execution of credit agreements between enterprises. In the application scenario of smart contract, as long as one party performs its economic activities, the system will force the other party to perform the contract directly, which improves the credibility of all parties in the chain and reduces the risk of default. To avoid false trade, commercial factoring risk management, one is to establish a cooperative relationship with banks. The second is to issue asset securitization products. Third, cooperate with internet financial platform. In 2018, under the background of slower growth in operating income, the balance of accounts receivable of enterprises fell more, and 2019 performance it began to pick up, and the substantial increase in operating income has also brought about a substantial increase in accounts receivable. Since then, operating income has maintained a rapid growth rate, but the balance of accounts receivable has not increased significantly, but has decreased slightly. After the implementation of supply chain financing, the proportion of accounts receivable of B advanced manufacturing company in operating revenue has decreased from 23.17% in 2018 to 13.45% in 2020. The implementation of supply chain financing designed in this study helps advanced manufacturing companies to control the balance of accounts receivable.
R‐ICTS: Recognize the Indian cautionary traffic signs in real‐time using an optimized adaptive boosting cascade classifier and a convolutional neural network

Cautionary traffic signs are of immense significance to traffic safety. In this study, a robust and optimal real‐time approach to recognize the Indian cautionary traffic signs (ICTS) is proposed. ICTS are all triangles with a white backdrop, a red border, and a black pattern. A dataset of 34,000 real‐time images has been acquired under various environmental conditions and categorized into 40 distinct classes. Pre‐processing techniques are used to transform RGB images to gray‐scale images and enhance contrast in images for superior performance. To find the ICTS, an optimized adaptive boosting cascade classifier is used. To classify the specific category of signs found by the optimized adaptive boosting cascade classifier, an 11‐layer CNN model is built. Finally, using computer vision methods, this model is tested in real‐time. Evaluation metrics such as precision, recall, F1 measure, error rate, and mAP are expressed on the ICTS, GTSDB, LISA, STSD, and DITS‐based datasets to evaluate the proposed method and compare the results of predictions with other investigations. When compared to other state‐of‐the‐art objects detection models such as SSD, YOLOv3, and Faster RCNN, the proposed model outperformed them all, with a precision of 97.15%, recall rate of 96.74%, an error rate of 3.26%, f1‐score of 96.94%, and mAP@0.5IoU of 95.6%. (Dataset available: 10.21227/yy4h‐rc98 )
One kind of fiber Bragg grating displacement sensor using micro-elastic spring

A kind of fiber Bragg grating displacement sensor using micro-elastic spring is proposed and studied in this paper. A type of micro-elastic spring was used as a displacement-wavelength conversion component. According to the sensor package design established, one micro FBG displacement sensor with outer diameter of 1.3mm was constructed. Tests were designed and conducted to study the displacement and temperature sensitivity of the sensor. Results show that there are good linear relationships between wavelength and displacement, as well as between wavelength and temperature. The displacement coefficient and temperature coefficient are 10.97pm/mm, and 21.38pm/°C, respectively. To obtain smaller displacement resolution of the sensor, one kind of sensitivity inhenced FBG displacement sensor is proposed and studied, the displacement coefficient is 110pm/mm.
Computation of 3-D open boundary eddy-current fields in large transformers using T, /spl psi/-/spl phi//sub m/ method coupled with GTM

Three-dimensional distributions of eddy-current densities and loss densities in metals near heavy current leads in a large transformer are calculated by using the T, /spl psi/-/spl phi//sub m/ method coupled with the geometric transformation method. The method is verified through TEAM Problem 21. The local overheating regions can be found out according to the point where the maximum of the loss density is. The loss densities in the ascending flange are analyzed at the different materials and thicknesses of copper screen.
An Australian study of generic competencies required by engineers

Engineering curricula have expanded in recent decades. In addition to science and technical engineering, they now include several non-technical competencies. This is a trend reinforced by programme accreditation. The authors take the viewpoint that it is important to ensure that graduates have the competencies they will require for their work. The following question is addressed: What are the generic competencies that engineers graduating in Australia require for their work as engineers? Competencies were identified from a broad range of literature and then rated by 300 established engineers for importance to their jobs. The results indicated that non-technical, attitudinal and technical competencies were perceived to be important. Eleven competency factors were revealed empirically. Profiles of these competency factors among graduates would assist evaluation and improvement of engineering programmes. This is the first quantitative study conducted in Australia that encompassed all engineering disciplines and focused on established engineers rather than recent graduates.
Learning Technologies among Academics in the United Arab Emirates: One Academic Year since COVID-19

This research aims to investigate the adoption of learning technologies among academics in higher education institutes within the United Arab Emirates (UAE) after completing one academic year teaching through a hybrid technique due to the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. The researchers propose a validated framework that integrates the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Social Cognition Theory (SCT), and Innovation Diffusion Theory (IDT). The research was conducted using the quantitative method, where 170 academics from 22 higher education institutes in the UAE completed an online survey. The researchers found that the adoption of learning technologies depends on the individual academics and the higher education institutes; therefore, the researchers suggest building a more effective strategy to accelerate adoption. Additionally, the researchers also found that the academics’ perceptions of the usefulness of learning technologies do not affect their behavior while utilizing them, and that the behavioral intention does not affect the actual usage of the learning technologies.
Reducing windthrow losses in Farm Forestry

SUMMARYThe study comprised a field and laboratory investigation on the stability ofSitka spruce trees planted on a surface water gley.The field-testing was conducted at Ballyfarnon Forest in County Sligo in thenorth west of Ireland. Nine destructive monotonic pulling tests wereconducted on trees selected from three different site preparations, namely,mole drained, double mouldboard ploughed and an uncultivated control.Dynamic testing, using a mechanical rocking device, was performed on atree selected from the uncultivated control.A simple shear apparatus was used to conduct monotonic and cyclic tests onreconstituted samples of the Ballyfarnon soil. This allowed a comparison ofsoil behaviour under monotonic and cyclic loading.A computer software package was used to model the behaviour ofgroundwater for soil mole drained at two drain spacings. Results from thismathematical modeling were compared to experimental data gatheredduring a previous study.Results indicate that the use of mole drainage as a site preparation techniqueproduces more stable trees than either double mouldboard ploughing or nocultivation.
Multi-source energy harvesting for wireless SHM systems

In wireless SHM systems, energy harvesting technology is essential for a reliable long-term energy supply for wireless sensors. Conventional wireless SHM systems using single source energy harvesting (vibration, solar, and etc.) have limitations because it could not be operated adequately without enough ambient energy present. To overcome this obstacle, multi-source energy harvesting which utilizes several ambient energy sources simultaneously is necessary to accumulate enough electrical energy to power wireless embedded sensor nodes. This study proposes a multi-source energy harvesting technique using a MISO (Multiple Input, Single Output) circuit board developed and studied by the authors. For multi-source energy harvesting, piezoelectric bimorph and electro-magnetic energy harvesters are excited at the first natural frequency of each harvester, 126.7 and 12.5 Hz, respectively. Then, generated voltage from each energy harvester is combined using the MISO circuit and then used to charge a 0.1 F capacitor. Combined energy harvesting results presented better performance than that of a single energy source, demonstrating that this multi-source system could be a promising energy harvesting solution for wireless sensing systems.