Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quantitative Analysis of Caffeine in the Green Tea, Black Tea and Soft Drink Using UV-Visible Spectrophotometer

Objective -To determine the content of caﬀeine in the beverages like green tea, black tea, and soft drink which are commercially available in the local market of Hapur with the help of a UV Visible spectrophotometer. Method - To ﬁnd out the content of caﬀeine, six diﬀerent brands of green tea, black tea, and soft drink were purchased from the local market in Hapur. The caﬀeine was extracted from them using chloroform as an extractant and assessed qualitatively and quantitatively with the help of a UV Visible spectrophotometer. The maximum absorbance of caﬀeine in chloroform occurs at 273 nm. The standard solutions of caﬀeine from the range 2-30 ppm were prepared in the chloroform, show the linearity with the correlation coeﬃcient of 0.99. From the calibration curve, the concentration of caﬀeine was determined in various brands. It is observed that black tea contains the maximum caﬀeine content followed by green tea and soft drinks. Findings - In this study the maximum caﬀeine content ﬁnd out was (45.6 mg/g) in the Nice black tea sample and the minimum (0.161 mg/ml) in Pepsi soft drink sample. Novelty -The caﬀeine content reported here is higher than that of previous studies may be due to the modiﬁed approach [treatment temperature (90-1000C) and longer brewing time (05 minutes) in this study. The use of the UV-Visible spectrophotometer is also an alternative to the HPLC technique, thereby the working cost could be brought down.
Compensation of gyroscope errors and GPS/DR integration

In car-navigation, a dead-reckoning (DR) system is required for solving the problem of GPS signal blocking in urban area. The vibrating gyroscope which is widely used to determine the vehicle heading in a DR system, has a low accuracy, hence an error compensation of it is needed. In this paper, an error compensation method for the vibrating gyroscope used in DR is presented. Gyroscope errors can be characterized into two types of error, deterministic and random errors. Each error term is mathematically modeled and an indirect feedback Kalman filter is used for the error compensation. Through laboratory experiment and field-test, it is shown that the error of a vibrating gyroscope can be successfully compensated by the proposed method. Also, as an alternative method for GPS/DR integration in a case that the number of visible GPS satellites is insufficient for the correct determination of a vehicle position, the mixed-measurement algorithm is proposed. It is shown that by using this algorithm, even if the number of visible GPS satellites is 2 or 3, the position error becomes smaller than by using only DR.
A fuzzy logic supervisor for reconfigurable flight control systems

The design of a fuzzy logic supervisor for a reconfigurable flight control law is described in this paper. The objective of the supervisor is to maintain the original performance of the aircraft after effector failure by adjusting the gains of the existing control law. In this design the pitch axis control of the unmanned research vehicle was selected as the test platform. The set of fuzzy rules obtained ensures the even distribution of control authority to the remaining healthy effecters. A comparison of the reconfigured aircraft response with and without the fuzzy logic supervisor is presented. Simulation results show an improvement in the reconfigured response using a fuzzy logic supervisor. <<ETX>>
O panorama do Rio de Janeiro de Victor Meirelles de Lima e Henri Charles Langerock: da interpretação histórica à experiência imersiva virtual em 360°

Este trabalho é parte de um projeto de pesquisa em andamento do autor intitulado "A experiência imersiva em 360°: investigação, representação e imersão digital na cidade do Rio de Janeiro nos séculos XIX e XX", desenvolvido no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Urbanismo, na Faculdade de Arquitetura e Urbanismo, na Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Este ensaio investiga o Panorama do Rio de Janeiro dos pintores Victor Meirelles de Lima (1832-1903) e Henri Charles Langerock (1830-1915) exposto nas cidades de Bruxelas em 1888, Paris em 1889 e no próprio Rio de Janeiro em 1891. Para tanto, o presente trabalho analisa minuciosamente os estudos originais remanescentes deste Panorama; estima por aproximação a localização dos pontos de vista dos dois pintores na cidade histórica do Rio de Janeiro; desenvolve uma interpretação da antiga imagem circular em 360° deste Panorama; e por fim, cria uma experiência virtual imersiva em 360° que alude à experiência pictórica e espacial original sugerida aos visitantes de suas exposições. A fim de alcançar este objetivo, são utilizados instrumentos de representação da Gráfica Digital tais como: desenhos à mão livre, pinturas e fotografias históricas, mapas, modelos geométricos, imagens geradas por computador, motores de jogos, vídeos e animações.
Allgemeine Ethik

Gibt es uneigennützige Taten? Heiligt der Zweck die Mittel? Kann man eine stets gültige Moral formulieren? Tim Henning gibt Studierenden eine übersichtliche Einführung in die Ethik. Erläutert werden die Grundbegriffe, Positionen aus der Philosophiegeschichte und gegenwärtige Debatten. Die Leserinnen und Leser lernen anhand von Beispielen und Definitionen den Umgang mit ethischen Fragen.
Estimation and Evaluating of Right Tail Risk

Right tail risk is very important in risk management theory, since it represent the small probability and severity losses event. There are many researches on this topic. This paper focuses on how to estimate and evaluate the right tail risk. The different distributions will be considered. Some numerical examples to illustrate the results will be given.
Notice of Appeal

The Sierra Nevada Forest Protection ) In RE: Appeal of the Decision Campaign and the Sierra Club ) Notice and FONSI for the Basin ) Group Selection Project (8/25/04) ) Environmental Assessment ) ) on the Feather River Ranger ) District of the Plumas Appellants, ) National Forest. v. ) ) James Pena, Supervisor ) Plumas National Forest ) Appeal Deciding Officer, 159 Lawrence Street ) Jack Blackwell, Regional P.O. Box 11500 ) Forester, Pacific Southwest Quincy, CA 95971-6025 ) Region, 1323 Club Drive, Decision-maker. ) Vallejo, California 94592
Optical regeneration at 40 Gb/s and beyond

As optical amplifiers have opened new perspectives for optical communication systems with ultrahigh capacities and long-haul transmission distances (more than 1 Tb/s over 10 000 km), fundamental limits are being felt. In order to overcome these propagation impairments, another technology revolution is soon required. Promising developments concern in-line all-optical regeneration, which makes it possible to transmit optical data over virtually unlimited distances. In this paper, we recall the basic principles of optical regeneration in optical communication systems and review the current technology alternatives foreseen for future 40-Gb/s transmission system implementation, as investigated in Alcatel Research and Innovation. The alternative offered by optoelectronic regeneration is also discussed, so as to identify and highlight the advantages of the all-optical approach.
Events causing happiness among Thai factory workers: a case study of Thai Toray Textile Mills Company

This qualitative research investigated the actual causes of happiness in the workplace via interviews. Eleven workers, of Thai Toray Textile Mills Company volunteered with permission of their supervisors, were key informants of this study. The results showed that four areas of events caused workers to feel happy: I) events experienced with colleagues, good relationships with colleagues, being generous to colleagues, and creating humor at work; 2) events related to supervisors, concern for subordinates, and helping subordinates; 3) events related to the work environment; and 4) events related to subordinates, not exploiting others, optimism, attaining achievements, receiving more benefits than others, supporting others, participating in amusing activities, having good children, having good partnerships, concern for the family, having the chance to own a house, saving money for retirememt, earning money to pay for the higher education of their children, and taking a rest after retirement.
Impact of Service Quality on In-Patients’ Satisfaction, Perceived Value, and Customer Loyalty: A Mixed-Methods Study from a Developing Country

Purpose Recent literature on healthcare quality demands more contextualized and patient-perspective research, as models from developed countries are not suitable for developing countries. Moreover, research on private healthcare services in Vietnam has long been underestimated by academia, but it has significant economic and commercial value. Hence, this study explores the dimensions of service quality in private healthcare and how they impact in-patient satisfaction, perceived value, and customer loyalty in Vietnam. Methods This mixed-method study had a sample size of five inpatients for the qualitative phase and 368 inpatients for the quantitative phase from hospitals in Vietnam. The qualitative analysis explores service quality dimensions in private healthcare and incorporates them with the literature to develop a conceptual model. The quantitative phase tests the relationship between each construct in the conceptual model via structural equation modeling. Results The four dimensions of service quality were emotion, function, social influence, and trust. Most of these dimensions have a significant impact on customer perceived value and satisfaction. However, emotion does not significantly influence customer perceived value, and function does not considerably impact customer satisfaction. In addition, social influence is an underrepresented variable in the service quality literature, but it has the most substantial impact on customer perceived value and customer satisfaction. The quantitative results also confirm that customer satisfaction and customer perceived value significantly impact customer loyalty (word-of-mouth and revisit intention); however, customer perceived value does not significantly impact customer satisfaction. Conclusion The study suggests that private healthcare providers and the government in Vietnam should allocate resources to improve service quality. Practitioners should invest in social branding and e-services to reach out to their customers. Future research should focus on a cost-benefit analysis and compare the effectiveness of service quality dimensions on customer behavioral intention.
Enrichment of seismic ground motion databases using Karhunen–Loève expansion

Best estimate seismic analysis are generally based on time‐domain simulations of structural responses. The seismic load is then modeled by a stochastic process representing ground motion. For this purpose, the analyst can use recorded accelerograms or work with synthetically generated ones. The number of ground motion time‐histories available for a given scenario and site condition is limited and generally not sufficient for carrying out more advanced probabilistic structural response analysis. It is then necessary to have at our disposal methods that allow for generating synthetic accelerograms that realistically characterize earthquake ground motions. However, most of the methods proposed in literature for generating synthetic accelerograms do not accurately reproduce the natural variability of ground motion parameters (such as PGA, cumulative absolute velocity, and Arias intensity) observed for recorded time histories. In this paper, we introduce a new method for generating synthetic ground motion, based on Karhunen‐Loève decomposition and a non‐Gaussian stochastic model. The proposed method enables the structural analyst to simulate ground motion time histories featuring the properties mentioned above. To demonstrate its capability, we study the influence of the simulation method on different ground motion parameters and on soil response spectra. We finally compute fragility curves to illustrate the practical application of the proposed method. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
BeiDou-Based Passive Multistatic Radar Maritime Moving Target Detection Technique via Space–Time Hybrid Integration Processing

This article puts forward a BeiDou-based passive multistatic radar (PMR) maritime moving target (MMT) detection technique via space–time hybrid integration (STHI) processing. Compared with passive bistatic radar (PBR), the utilization of multiple satellites provides an improvement in MMT detection performance, together with the capabilities of localization and velocity estimation. However, the multiple satellite transmitters cause the differences principally in bistatic range and Doppler centroid (DC) of the MMT. To integrate the PMR echoes, the biggest challenge is the two differences that need to be handled. In the proposed technique, first, the centroid-compensated keystone transform (CCKT) is proposed and applied to each PBR echo. It not only corrects range cell migration (RCM) but also equalizes the DC to the same. Then, the long-time integration is performed on each PBR echo, after which it is integrated into the range-Doppler frequency rate (DFR) domain. Finally, in order to settle the difference in bistatic range, an MMT position and velocity domain (i.e., the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$X$ </tex-math></inline-formula>–<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Y$ </tex-math></inline-formula>–<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V$ </tex-math></inline-formula> domain) is constituted. The obtained multiple range-DFR maps are projected to the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$X$ </tex-math></inline-formula>–<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Y$ </tex-math></inline-formula>–<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V$ </tex-math></inline-formula> domain, and then, the effective integration of multistatic echoes can be implemented. The final STHI result allows detecting the MMT reliably. Meanwhile, according to the 3-D position where the MMT is located in the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$X$ </tex-math></inline-formula>–<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Y$ </tex-math></inline-formula>–<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V$ </tex-math></inline-formula> domain, the MMT can be localized, and its velocity can be estimated simultaneously. In May 2021, we have successfully carried out the world’s first BeiDou-based PMR MMT detection experiment, and the experimental results are given to prove the effectiveness of this technique.
Research on the approach of restraining Faraday effect of fiber optic gyroscope with twisting fiber reversely

Faraday magneto-optic effect of fiber optic gyroscope(FOG) is nonreciprocal error source that affects the performance of FOG, especially the precision of FOG. The magnetic sensitivity mechanism of FOG is introduced in this paper and the main source of radial and axial magnetic sensitivity error is analyzed. The circular birefringence of the fiber is improved by twisting. With coupled wave equations of twist fiber, an expression that can evaluate circular birefringence degree of fiber is obtained. Based on the above analysis, this paper puts forward an approach that a length of reverse twist fiber is spliced onto the original fiber coil of FOG. This approach can produce high circular birefringence. The reciprocity phase of original fiber coil is compensated so that the purpose that restrains magnetic sensitivity error of FOG is achieved. The feasibility of this method is discussed.
A fi ve layer sensor architecture for autonomous robots in indoor environments

Autonomous mobile service robots for transportation tasks in indoor environments e.g. multistory buildings, have to act in normal dy- namic environments but with a huge number of components. The robots total repertoire of skills is high according to the complexity of the building and its respective task. Difficult tasks can only be achieved on the base by immediate sensing of the environment. This paper describes a fi ve layer sen- sor architecture with an integrated world model for multistory buildings. In contrast to grid based approaches we use a feature based approach. The sensor architecture as well as the evaluation modules of the sensor data are based on natural landmarks. The key features of the sensor architecture are reuseability, modularity and portability to other multistory buildings as well as extendibility with different sensors.
Anti-UAV: A Large-Scale Benchmark for Vision-Based UAV Tracking

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) have many applications in both commerce and recreation. However, irresponsibly operated UAVs will pose a threat to public safety. Therefore, developing our understanding of UAVs and their uses is of particular interest. This paper considers tracking UAVs, which provide multifaceted information around location, paths and trajectories. To facilitate research on this topic, we introduce a new benchmark, herein referred to as Anti-UAV, which provides a novel direction for UAV tracking with more than 300 video pairs containing over 580 k manually annotated bounding boxes. Addressing anti-UAV research challenges could help to design anti-UAV systems, which in turn may improve surveillance. Accordingly, we have proposed a simple yet effective approach, called dual-flow semantic consistency (DFSC) is proposed for UAV tracking. Modulated by the semantic flow across video sequences, tracker learns more robust class-level semantic information and obtains more discriminative instance-level features. Experiments highlight significant performance gain with the proposed approach over state-of-the-art trackers and the challenging aspects of Anti-UAV. The Anti-UAV benchmark and the code for the proposed approach have been made publicly available at https://github.com/ucas-vg/Anti-UAV and https://github.com/ZhaoJ9014/Anti-UAV.
Fecal Microbiome Changes and Specific Anti-Bacterial Response in Patients with IBD during Anti-TNF Therapy

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic disorders of the gastrointestinal tract that have been linked to microbiome dysbiosis and immune system dysregulation. We investigated the longitudinal effect of anti-TNF therapy on gut microbiota composition and specific immune response to commensals in IBD patients. The study included 52 patients tracked over 38 weeks of therapy and 37 healthy controls (HC). To characterize the diversity and composition of the gut microbiota, we used amplicon sequencing of the V3V4 region of 16S rRNA for the bacterial community and of the ITS1 region for the fungal community. We measured total antibody levels as well as specific antibodies against assorted gut commensals by ELISA. We found diversity differences between HC, Crohn’s disease, and ulcerative colitis patients. The bacterial community of patients with IBD was more similar to HC at the study endpoint, suggesting a beneficial shift in the microbiome in response to treatment. We identified factors such as disease severity, localization, and surgical intervention that significantly contribute to the observed changes in the gut bacteriome. Furthermore, we revealed increased IgM levels against specific gut commensals after anti-TNF treatment. In summary, this study, with its longitudinal design, brings insights into the course of anti-TNF therapy in patients with IBD and correlates the bacterial diversity with disease severity in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC).
The noise performance of microwave transistors

Expressions for the noise parameters of microwave transistors are derived. The theory is based on a small-signal common-emitter equivalent circuit which includes a new basic noise equivalent circuit and the dominanting header parasitics. The theory is verified experimentally in the L-band (1 to 2 Gc/s) frequency range using Ge and Si microwave transistors. It is found that the header parasitics have little influence on the minimum noise figure, but do have large effects on the equivalent noise resistance and the optimum source admittance in the frequency region above about one-half of the series-resonant frequency resulting from the parasitics in conjunction with wafer parameters. For a quick evaluation of the noise performance, new approximate expressions are also given for the noise figure and for the optimum current which produces the lowest value.
Human factors in railway operations

Human factors is the application of knowledge of human capabilities and limitations to the design and management of the tasks that people do. The goals are to improve safety, reliability and efficiency through the avoidance of human error and improve the working conditions of staff in the process. In recent years, there has been a surge of interest in the area of human factors within railway operations. In the UK, this was in part due to the Ladbrooke Grove incident, while in Australia the Waterfall incident led to the implementation of human factors initiatives. As a result of these incidents, there has been an increase in railway human factors research. The introduction of requirements in legislation in the UK to address human factors issues has encouraged the development of tools to help organisations identify and manage human factors issues that contribute to human error in railway operations. Lloyd's Register Rail (Asia) have been working with the MTR Corporation to introduce the principles of human factors and begin to integrate them into the existing organisational processes. This paper presents a brief introduction to the field of human factors and its application to Railways in the UK, Australia and Hong Kong.
70-280 MHz 21 mW 53 dB SFDR Gm-C filter

A 70–280 MHz fifth-order Chebyshev Gm-C lowpass filter in 0.13 µm CMOS is presented. A topological modification is proposed that can improve IIP3 for 10 dB compared to conventional Gm-C filters. Measured spurious free dynamic range (SFDR) is greater than 50 dB. The filter passband response is accurately maintained over four times frequency range by using unit Gm cell arrays and an independent Q tuning circuit. It consumes 21 mW under a supply voltage of 1.5 V and occupies an area of 0.12 mm2.
Attenuation mechanisms of aluminum millimeter-wave coplanar waveguides on silicon

The loss mechanisms of silicon coplanar waveguides (CPW) with aluminum metallization are investigated up to 40 GHz. Three main parts contribute to the attenuation of coplanar waveguides (CPWs): the frequency-dependent conductor losses of the metallization, frequency-independent substrate losses, and the specifically investigated bias-dependent interface losses caused by free charges at the Si-SiO/sub 2/ interface. The minimum losses found in 50-/spl Omega/ CPWs with 45-/spl mu/m signal line width were 0.19 db/mm at 10 GHz and 0.33 dB/mm at 40 GHz. High-purity silicon from a float zone (FZ) process was used as substrate. Substrates with lower purity from a Czochralski (CZ) process (resistivity 50-100 /spl Omega/cm) resulted in somewhat higher (0.2-0.3 dB/mm) losses for the same CPW geometry.
Training engineers in real-time systems design: an integrated curriculum

With the increase in system complexity the specification and design of overall real-time applications based on electronic and computer systems need to think at higher levels of abstraction and to integrate new concepts and methods. Training engineers efficiently and correctly is a real challenge. This paper describes and justifies the curriculum developed at IRESTE, University of Nantes, to educate and train engineers in system design. A curriculum is shown as more than a collection of courses. Starting from the competence requirements needed by companies for their system designers, we identify the essential components of the education. We then explain the progressive education process we are following at IRESTE. The main idea is that our curriculum is fully based on the MCSE methodology which is a complete seamless system-level design process covering all the design phases from customer's requirements to the final product. The nature of our student projects is described.