Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chlorella-Daphnia consortium as a promising tool for bioremediation of Nile tilapia farming wastewater

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to investigate the effluent treatment from Nile tilapia farming in a biofloc system with a consortium of microalgae (Chlorella vulgaris) and zooplankton (Daphnia similis). Thus, integrated cultures of C. vulgaris and D. similis were performed in two forms of wastewater treatment: sedimentation (S) and non-sedimentation (NS), in four different salinities (1, 2, 3 and 4 g L−1). Water quality, growth of D. similis, behaviour of C. vulgaris, efficiency of removal of nitrogen compounds, orthophosphate, and total suspended solids (TSS) were measured. D. similis had higher density in 3NS (p < 0.05), while population die-off occurred in 4S and 4NS. The 2S and 1NS combinations stood out in bioremediation, achieving removal of up to 70.37% nitrate, 75.74% orthophosphate, and 90.74% TSS. 2S and 3S cultures became self-sufficient from day 21. Thus, the Chlorella-Daphnia consortium using 3NS allowed better production of D. similis, whereas salinities 2 g L−1 (S) and 1 g L−1 (NS) provided better bioremediation, and the use of S wastewater improved the sustainability of the system. These results contribute to a better evaluation of cultures in consortia of organisms for the treatment of aquaculture wastewater and the production of live feed for aquaculture. Highlights Four salinities and two forms of biofloc wastewater processing were evaluated. Salinity 2 and sedimentation of biofloc wastewater showed better bioremediation. Salinity 3 and non-sedimentation of biofloc wastewater had better D. similis growth. C. vulgaris could grow in biofloc wastewater even with Daphnia predation. Chlorella-Daphnia consortium is an option for bioremediation and live food production. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Simulation des grandes echelles sur maillages non-structures pour geometries complexes

Ce travail est consacre a la simulation numerique d'ecoulements turbulents en fluide visqueux incompressible par simulation des grandes echelles. Destines a traiter des geometries complexes, les developpements sont realises dans le cadre de la methode des elements finis pour maillages non-structures. Un schema numerique centre et co-localise, precis au second ordre en temps et en espace, est mis en oeuvre pour resoudre les equations de navier-stokes tridimensionnelles et instationnaires. Afin d'evaluer l'impact du schema d'avancement en temps et de la discretisation spatiale, des comparaisons avec d'autres algorithmes sont effectuees dans le cadre de la turbulence homogene isotrope et de l'ecoulement en canal plan a faible nombre de reynolds. Parmi les modeles de sous-maille testes en turbulence homogene isotrope, plusieurs modeles dynamiques localises ont ete examines, en vue de simulation en geometrie complexe. Le modele dynamique localise de piomelli-liu a alors ete selectionne. En introduisant une moyenne temporelle, ce modele s'adapte en effet localement aux transferts d'energie de sous-maille. Nous examinons les resultats alors obtenus en canal plan en maillage totalement non-structure a un nombre de reynolds de 20 000. Enfin, cet outil de simulation est applique a un ecoulement en faisceau de tubes. L'analyse des resultats met en evidence un accord tres satisfaisant avec les donnees experimentales, en ce qui concerne les proprietes statistiques et les termes de production de l'energie cinetique turbulente resolue.
New Insights into the Alveolar Epithelium as a Driver of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

The alveolar epithelium serves as a barrier between the body and the external environment. To maintain efficient gas exchange, the alveolar epithelium has evolved to withstand and rapidly respond to an assortment of inhaled, injury-inducing stimuli. However, alveolar damage can lead to loss of alveolar fluid barrier function and exuberant, non-resolving inflammation that manifests clinically as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This review discusses recent discoveries related to mechanisms of alveolar homeostasis, injury, repair, and regeneration, with a contemporary emphasis on virus-induced lung injury. In addition, we address new insights into how the alveolar epithelium coordinates injury-induced lung inflammation and review maladaptive lung responses to alveolar damage that drive ARDS and pathologic lung remodeling.
Nutrient management and bioaugmentation interactively shape plant–microbe interactions in Miscanthus × giganteus

Marginal lands are an untapped source of agricultural potential, particularly regarding high‐yielding, low‐input bioenergy crops like Miscanthus × giganteus (Miscanthus). Miscanthus is of specific interest because it can be productive and sequester carbon in soil even under the stressful conditions present on some degraded lands. A key component of these abilities is the interaction of Miscanthus with its soil and root microbiome. Microbial functions depend on the nutrient status of soil, and hence are sensitive to fertilization regimes. Nevertheless, little is known about how fertilization strategies affect the partnership of Miscanthus with its microbial associates. Here, we tested the individual and interactive effects of nutrient addition and bioaugmentation (i.e., the addition of microbial communities) on Miscanthus performance and microbiome function in marginal soil. We found that the effect of nutrient addition on Miscanthus biomass yield depended on nutrient addition type (i.e., organic or inorganic nutrients) and whether bioaugmentation was also applied. Some microbial functions, like free‐living nitrogen fixation and carbon use efficiency, were sensitive to nutrient addition depending on whether bioaugmentation was also applied. On the other hand, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus colonization of roots decreased with fertilization regardless of bioaugmentation. These results imply that managing microbial communities may regulate the effect of nutrient addition on plant–microbe interactions that in part determine system productivity and environmental impact.
Theory of superconducting and nonsuperconducting stripe phases in the hole-doped superconductor Ca{2-x}Na{x}CuO{2}Cl{2} (x=1/8,1/16)

Based on the newly developed real-space spin-parallel pairing and superconducting theory, we explore a simple explanation for the observed checkerboard patterns in hole-doped Ca{2-x}Na{x}CuO{2}Cl{2} cuprate superconductor. At a hole concentration x=1/8=0.125, the analytical results show that there exists a phase competition between non-superconducting 4a*4b (a=b) checkerboard phase and 8a*2c superconducting vortex phase, where a, b and c are the lattice constants of the superconductor. At a lower hole concentration x=1/16=0.0625, it is revealed that the metastable 4\sqrt{2}a*4\sqrt{2}a checkerboard phase can reorganize itself into a more stable octahedron phase with the 4a*4a checkerboard symmetry.
Hydrogen peroxide as a mitigator of salt stress for melon seed germination

O efeito do peróxido de hidrogênio vem sendo muito estudado, mas pouco se sabe sobre o seu efeito na germinação e crescimento inicial de sementes de meloeiro submetidas ao estresse salino. Neste contexto, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito do peróxido de hidrogênio como atenuante do estresse salino na germinação das sementes de meloeiro. O trabalho foi realizado no Laboratório de Sementes e Mudas da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, campus Pombal-PB. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 4 x 6, tempos de embebição no H 2 O 2 (TE 1 : 0; TE 2 : 8; TE 3 : 16 e TE 4: 24 horas) e níveis de salinidade da água de irrigação (0,3; 1,2; 2,1; 3,0; 3,9 e 4,8 dS m -1 ), com quatro repetições. Foram utilizadas sementes de meloeiro da variedade comercial Imperial-45. A solução foi preparada a partir de uma solução a 1mmol L -1 de H 2 O 2 , sendo diluída para atingir a concentração de 10 µmol L -1 , posteriormente como sementes foram acondicionadas em becker e embebidas com 100 ml da solução por diferentes tempos . As variáveis ​​avaliadas foram: porcentagem de germinação, primeira contagem de germinação, índice de velocidade de germinação, velocidade média de germinação, tempo médio de germinação e comprimento da radícula. Sementes embebidas em solução de H 2 O2 por 16 horas atenuam os efeitos causados ​​pelo estresse salino em até 2,2 dS m -1 , porém quando embebidas por 24 horas na solução de H 2 O 2 causaram prejuízos no processo germinativo das sementes meloeiro.
Removal and recovery of phosphonates from wastewater via adsorption

Abstract Over the past decades, the increasing consumption of phosphonates, which are limited resources, has attracted greater attention at the world level. Phosphonate in wastewater is a crucial resource while it may cause eutrophication as a serious environmental problem. Hence phosphonates removal and recovery from wastewater are crucial for sustainable development consideration. Adsorption as a cost-effective technology for low-concentration phosphonates resource utilization has contributed to sustainable wastewater treatment practices. Nevertheless, a systematic review on phosphonates removal and recovery from wastewater via economically realistic adsorption technique is still missing and therefore is realized in this review, especially regarding novel adsorbents. Additionally, we discussed the influence of pH and metal ions on adsorption performance and the role of characterization and chemical computation techniques for phosphonates removal mechanism. The recently established novel adsorbents (granular ferric hydroxide, ZnFeZr@MP, La/Zn/Fe3O4@PAC, Zr-La@Fe3O4, and montmorillonite) provided good adsorption capacity and removal efficiency of phosphonates. Specifically, the ZnFeZr@MP was implemented for practical application in industrial and municipal wastewater, and ZnFeZr-oxyhydroxide suggested a potential endothermic process could be realized in application practices. High desorption efficiency typically obtained by ZnFeZr (NTMP-90%; DTPMP-100%), Zr-La@Fe3O4 (96.1% and 101.8%), and clay minerals (100%) from the reusability tests. During the practically column breakthrough treatment >90% removal efficiency and 78% desorption efficiency of NTMP were achieved from membrane concentrate. Further, various modern characterization tools enhanced the investigation of phosphonate removal mechanisms. Thus, this review article is recommended to explore the mechanism for phosphonate removal and adsorption via characterization and chemical computation techniques in the future. Graphical abstract
Evaluating the Effect of Multi-Sensory Stimulation on Startle Response Using the Virtual Reality Locomotion Interface MS.TPAWT

The purpose of the study was to understand how various aspects of virtual reality and extended reality, specifically, environmental displays (e.g., wind, heat, smell, and moisture), audio, and graphics, can be exploited to cause a good startle, or to prevent them. The TreadPort Active Wind Tunnel (TPAWT) was modified to include several haptic environmental displays: heat, wind, olfactory, and mist, resulting in the Multi-Sensory TreadPort Active Wind Tunnel (MS.TPAWT). In total, 120 participants played a VR game that contained three startling situations. Audio and environmental effects were varied in a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) study. Muscle activity levels of their orbicularis oculi, sternocleidomastoid, and trapezius were measured using electromyography (EMG). Participants then answered surveys on their perceived levels of startle for each situation. We show that adjusting audio and environmental levels can alter participants physiological and psychological response to the virtual world. Notably, audio is key for eliciting stronger responses and perceptions of the startling experiences, but environmental displays can be used to either amplify those responses or to diminish them. The results also highlight that traditional eye muscle response measurements of startles may not be valid for measuring startle responses to strong environmental displays, suggesting that alternate muscle groups should be used. The study’s implications, in practice, will allow designers to control the participants response by adjusting these settings.
A WIFI and ZigBee based IoT device

In the last decade, the digital technology is efficiently utilized in home environment. This technology facilitates the home automation providing an interconnected environment of IoT based devices within homes. Furthermore, with the fast growth of the internet, it is possible to remotely management and tracking of network enabled gadgets in the couple of seconds. Although, the home automation systems are not adopted as expected. This paper highlights the drawback for home automation device been less popular and propose design and home automation system (HAS) that uses Wi-Fi along with ZigBee as possible modes of communications. This paper shows a of ZigBee and Wi-Fi network for better performance. WIFI is used as a gateway which provides wireless worldwide control. To test the proposed system a led bulb is used.
Efficacy of Selected Live Biotherapeutic Candidates to Inhibit the Interaction of an Adhesive-Invasive Escherichia coli Strain with Caco-2, HT29-MTX Cells and Their Co-Culture

Adherent-invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC) has been implicated as a microbiological factor in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We evaluated the ability of six live biotherapeutic products (LBPs) to inhibit the interaction of an AIEC strain to three cell lines representing human gut epithelium. Co-inoculation of LBPs with AIEC showed a reduction in adhesion (up to 73%) and invasion of AIEC (up to 89%). Pre-inoculation of LBPs in HT-29-MTX and Caco-2 cells before challenging with AIEC further reduced the adhesion and invasion of the AIEC, with three LBPs showing significantly (p < 0.0001) higher efficiency in reducing the adhesion of AIEC. In co-inoculation experiments, the highest reduction in adhesion (73%) of AIEC was observed in HT-29-MTX cells, whereas the highest reduction in invasion (89%) was seen in HT-29-MTX and the co-culture of cells. Pre-inoculation of LBPs further reduced the invasion of AIEC with highest reduction (97%) observed in co-culture of cells. Our results indicated that whilst there were differences in the efficacy of LBPs, they all reduced interaction of AIEC with cell lines representing gut epithelium. Their efficiency was higher when they were pre-inoculated onto the cells, suggesting their potential as candidates for alleviating pathogenesis of AIEC in patients with IBD.
Duality in supersymmetric $N=2,4$ gauge theories

In these lectures we present a detailed description of various aspects of gauge theories with extended N=2 and N=4 supersymmetry that are at the basis of recently found exact results. These results include the exact calculation of the low energy effective action for the light degrees of freedom in the N=2 super Yang-Mills theory and the conjecture, supported by some checks, that the N=4 super Yang-Mills theory is dual in the sense of Montonen-Olive.
Evaluating Australian drought policy from the perspective of good-practice strategic policymaking

ABSTRACT The sustainable management of Australia’s natural resources has increasingly attracted policy interventions by the Australian government. Drought policy represents one sector where the Australian government is a signatory to sustainable use of natural resources, cognisant of the nexus between agricultural production practices and environmental condition. A strategic sustainability policy evaluation framework is applied to drought policy to analyse policy design and process relationships with a view to informing improvements in these policy facets. The analysis finds that at the national level, the nature of the policy problem is inadequately defined, giving rise to generic objectives and overly narrow policy instrument choices that are inconsistent with the complex nature of drought and resilience objectives. Policy instrument choice is focussed on farm financial viability, with simplistic correlations drawn between farm profitability and improved social and environmental wellbeing. The appetite for broader structural reforms to agricultural and rural community development are lacking politically and by industry, but necessary given emerging social, economic and environmental challenges to agriculture. Structural reforms will be inevitable if the complexities between production and sustainable natural resource management are to be reconciled. More systemic and nuanced understandings of resilience and drought risk are needed to deliver on the policy ambition of drought resilience.
Knowledge, attitude, and hesitance toward COVID-19 vaccination – a cross-sectional study from Jharkhand

Introduction: In order to enhance public acceptability and reduce vaccine hesitancy in the face of the disease, it is necessary to examine the general public's awareness of the coronavirus vaccination. Vaccination resistance to the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) vaccination continues to be a problem throughout the world. Some of the greatest hurdles to dedication to hygienic standards are a lack of scientific testing for the vaccination, the fear of vaccine side effects, and reports of active viruses in immunizations. National and international health groups are launching initiatives to promote public knowledge about the COVID-19 vaccinations. This study aimed to understand the knowledge, attitude, and hesitancy toward the COVID-19 vaccine among the people of the Hazaribag district from Jharkhand. Methodology: The present study was conducted in Sheikh Bhikhari Medical College and Hospital, a tertiary care hospital of Jharkhand. It was a cross-sectional study. The research was conducted from June 2021 to December 2021. Result: The majority of respondents (83.3%) were confident in taking the COVID-19 vaccine, and 76% respondents agreed that the COVID-19 vaccinations now in use were safe; nevertheless, concern was expressed by 8% of respondents, whereas neutrality was expressed by 15.1%. Conclusion: Overall, the participants in the study had a good understanding of the coronavirus vaccine and agreed to take it. The development of mild or major side effects following immunization is the most important determinant for vaccine reluctance. Vaccine acceptability may improve whenever more information about vaccine safety and efficacy becomes available in the public domain, preferably from a centralized, trustworthy source. To promote public vaccination acceptance and reduce vaccine hesitancy, ongoing training and health education programs are required.
Challenges and success factors of transnational higher education: a systematic review

ABSTRACT This paper provides an analysis of the literature on transnational education to identify the key challenges and success factors for the sustainable operation of transnational higher education (TNE) programmes as perceived by key stakeholders. Probing the stakeholders’ perspectives and applying a systematic approach, this study analyses 227 English-written articles retrieved from the Web of Science database published from 2000 to 2021. Key challenges identified include difficulties in managing the TNE programmes, ensuring quality assurance, adapting the curricula to the local contexts, accommodating offshore students’ learning styles, creating studying environments for TNE students equivalent to those in the home institutions, ensuring preparedness of the academic staff, and facilitating the knowledge transfer in the host countries. The analysis also highlights six factors for the sustainable development of TNE programmes, including the effectiveness of the operations, the internationalization of the curricula, the transnational experience of the students, the development of the transnational staff, the existence of a proper regulatory framework in the host countries, and the development of a global systematic data collection for quality assurance. In addition, the evidence collected suggests that while the transition from domestic into a foreign programme can be rewarding, it demands appropriate planning and implementation.
MitoQ alleviates carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis in mice through regulating JNK/YAP pathway.

Background Liver fibrosis is a pathological wound-healing response caused by chronic liver damage. Mitochondria regulate hepatic energy metabolism and oxidative stress. Accumulating evidence has revealed that increased mitochondrial oxidative stress contributes to the activation of fibrogenesis. However, the roles and underlying mechanisms of mitochondrial oxidative stress in liver fibrosis remain unknown. Methods and results In this study, C57BL/6 mice were used to establish a model of liver fibrosis via oral gavage with CCl4 treatment for 8 weeks. Furthermore, intervention experiments were achieved by CCl4 combined with the intraperitoneal injection of mitoquinone mesylate (mitoQ). We demonstrated that the chronic CCl4 exposure resulted in severe hepatic fibrogenesis and significantly promoted the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial abnormalities. Besides, JNK/YAP pathway was also activated. By contrast, the administration of mitoQ markedly inhibited the expression of pro-fibrogenic transforming growth factor-β as well as type I collagen. The antifibrotic effects of mitoQ were also confirmed by hematoxylin and eosin staining and Sirius red staining. Moreover, mitoQ substantially reduced CCl4-induced mitochondrial damage and the release of ROS. Further studies suggested that this protection against liver fibrosis was mechanistically related to the inhibition of phosphorylation of JNK and the nuclear translocation of YAP. Conclusion In conclusion, these findings revealed that mitoQ attenuated liver fibrosis by inhibiting ROS production and the JNK/YAP signaling pathway. Selective targeting JNK/YAP may serve as a therapeutic strategy for retarding progression of chronic liver disease.
Burden, Clinical Aspects and Management of Bronchial Asthma at Outpatient Clinics in Jeddah Saudi Arabia

Background: Asthma is a health disorder that is prevalent worldwide, and it imposes a great burden on primary health care (PHC) facilities. This work aims to study the magnitude and clinical aspects of bronchial asthma (BA) and to explore the pattern of its management at outpatient clinics (OPCs) in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional study enrolled 2,501 patients who visited the OPCs at two private hospitals in Jeddah during the study period. All patients were examined by a specialist. Data were collected using a checklist form to obtain personal characteristics, clinical assessment and management, as well as the outcome of the visits. Results: BA accounts for 4.27% of all visits, and for 19.49% of respiratory disorders visits to OPCs. Children under 6 years old were twice as likely to develop BA (OR: 1.89; 95% CI: 1.130, 3.147, p <0.015) compared to individuals older than 40 years. The common BA symptoms were cough (77.4%), dyspnea (42.5%), wheeze (29.2%), and sputum production (25.7%). CXR was the most frequent investigation performed on patients with BA (26.4%). No lung function or immunological tests were performed. Cortisol (21.7%), short-acting β2 agonist (21.7%), antibiotic (41%), paracetamol (17%), cough syrup and antihistamines (30% and 19.8%), and additionally, ketotifen (4.7%) and anti-leukotriene (7.5%) were prescribed to the patients. Counseling was neglected by physicians. The majority of cases were discharged. Conclusion: BA is a common cause for PHC visits. OPC management and use of antibiotics for BA should be revised with emphasis on adherence to the standard recommendations. PHC physicians should prioritize educating people about the prevention and control of BA.