Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sex-specific nociceptor modulation of the apical periodontitis transcriptome

Introduction: Apical periodontitis (AP) is a painful disease that develops quickly following dental infections and is primarily characterized by robust inflammation surrounding the tissues of the affected tooth, resulting in disruption of bone homeostasis and periradicular bone loss. Moreover, there are distinct clinical presentations, symptoms, and responses to AP treatment between male and female subjects, creating a desperate need to further understand the sex-specific mechanisms of AP. Methods: With the growing evidence that nociceptors modulate AP development, we utilized RNA sequencing in nociceptor-ablated (Nav1.8 cre+/−, diphtheria toxin Alox+/−) transgenic mice to study the nociceptor regulation of the periapical lesion transcriptome using a rodent model of AP in female mice over 14 days. Results: Overall, we found that female mice exhibit unique patterns of differentially expressed genes throughout AP infection compared to male mice and that the expression of these genes is regulated by nociceptors. Additionally, nociceptor ablation results in a more significant enrichment of biological processes related to immune responses earlier compared to cre-control (Nav1.8 cre+/−) females and greater expression of genes involved in inflammatory processes and osteolytic activity. Discussion: Therefore, while nociceptor ablation augments inflammatory and bone resorption responses in both males and females in a mouse model of AP, transcriptomic analyses demonstrate that the mechanisms through which nociceptors modulate AP are distinct between sexes. These studies will provide the foundation needed to study further mechanisms of sex differences in AP, an area with a desperate need for investigation to treat current AP patients. Understanding these mechanisms can ultimately inform treatment options to alleviate suffering for millions of patients suffering from AP.
Highly Sensitive Measurement of Horseradish Peroxidase Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering of 2,3-Diaminophenazine

The development of various enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) coupled with surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection is a growing area in analytical chemistry due to their potentially high sensitivity. A SERS-based ELISA with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) as an enzymatic label, an o-phenylenediamine (oPD) substrate, and a 2,3-diaminophenazine (DAP) enzymatic product was one of the first examples of such a system. However, the full capabilities of this long-known approach have yet to be revealed. The current study addresses a previously unrecognized problem of SERS detection stage performance. Using silver nanoparticles and model mixtures of oPD and DAP, the effects of the pH, the concentration of the aggregating agent, and the particle surface chloride stabilizer were extensively evaluated. At the optimal mildly acidic pH of 3, a 0.93 to 1 M citrate buffer, and AgNPs stabilized with 20 mM chloride, a two orders of magnitude advantage in the limits of detection (LODs) for SERS compared to colorimetry was demonstrated for both DAP and HRP. The resulting LOD for HRP of 0.067 pmol/L (1.3 amol per assay) underscores that the developed approach is a highly sensitive technique. We suppose that this improved detection system could become a useful tool for the development of SERS-based ELISA protocols.
Some Morphological and Biochemical Changes in the Kidney of Adult Wistar Rats Following Aluminium Chloride Exposures

In modern life, exposure to aluminium is inevitable as it is released primarily from natural process. Humans are exposed to aluminium through food packaging, medicines, water and air. Kidney is a urinary organ which eliminates most toxins and other foreign substances that are either produced by the body or ingested into the body. The present study investigated some of the effects of Aluminium chloride on the kidney of adult wistar rats. Thirty two (32) rats of both sexes were used for this study and were separated into four groups based on their gender. The rats in group A (8 rats) were regarded as the control and they received only distilled water and stock diet throughout the period of experiment. The rats in group B, C and D orally received Aluminium chloride at 500mg, 1000mg and 1500 mg/kg respectively for 31 days. The rats were sacrificed on the 32 nd day by cervical dislocation. The trunk of each rat was Original Research Article Ajibade et al.; AJRN, 2(1): 1-9, 2019; Article no.AJRN. 47450 2 dissected and blood was collected from the heart for biochemical evaluation. The kidneys were removed, rinsed and weighed before fixing in 10% formal saline for histological studies using H&E staining techniques. Morphometric study shows significant differences in the organ weights between kidney weights in control and aluminium-treated rats. Kidney weights of aluminium-treated rats were significantly reduced (P<0.05) compared with controls. The decrease was significant (P<0.05) in both kidneys in group B and in the left kidney for group D. The biochemical evaluation also showed significant increase (P<0.05) in alkaline phosphatase (ALP), urea and creatinine level in Aluminiumtreated groups. The histological results showed architectural disarrangement, including degenerative changes and dilatation and distortion of proximal tubule which increased in a dose-dependent manner in experimental groups. This study concluded that Aluminium chloride have adversely affected the histology of the kidney in treated wistar rats which may invariably result in impairment of renal function.
Rheology, eruption, and flow of three-phase magma

A model is developed for the rheology of a three-phase suspension of bubbles and particles in a Newtonian liquid undergoing steady flow. An `effective-medium' approach is adopted, which treats the bubbly liquid as a continuous medium which suspends the particles. The resulting three-phase model combines separate two-phase models for bubble suspension rheology and particle suspension rheology, which are taken from the literature. The model is validated against new experimental data for three-phase suspensions of bubbles and spherical particles, collected in the low bubble capillary number regime. Good agreement is found across the experimental range of particle volume fraction (0 ≤ φp ≤ 0.5) and bubble volume fraction (0 ≤ φb ≤ 0.3). Consistent with model predictions, experimental results demonstrate that adding bubbles to a dilute particle suspension at low capillarity increases its viscosity, whilst adding bubbles to a concentrated particle suspension decreases its viscosity. The model accounts for particle anisometry and is easily extended to account for variable capillarity, and bubbles which are larger than the particles, but has not been experimentally validated for these cases. This model is a significant step forward, because it allows the viscosity of many magmas and lavas - which typically contain both crystals and bubbles - to be calculated more accurately. The model is then used to explain three volcanological problems. Firstly, it is proposed that in a jammed magma mush, the pervasive formation and growth of bubbles of magmatic gas can push the crystals apart, unjamming the mush. Further bubble growth would then lead to a dramatic reduction in viscosity. This concept is tested using analogue suspensions, and it is demonstrated that the growth of bubbles alone is sufficient to mobilize an initially jammed particle suspension. Secondly, lava morphologies found in the crystal-rich 1780 flow field on Volcan Llaima, Chile, are described. Within the 1780 flow field, occur: well-developed `a`ā, with broad, leveed channels; well-developed pāhoehoe; slabby pāhoehoe with transitions to and from `a`ā; and a cluster of features that have been termed "`a`ā mounds", which are interpreted to be higher viscosity analogues of rootless shields found on Hawai'i, and comparable to megatumuli and terraces found on Mount Etna. It is proposed that this crystal-rich lava was able to flow as pāhoehoe because bubbles lowered its viscosity. Thirdly, a recent lava flow from Kīlauea is analysed, and the various factors that control viscosity quantified. These include bubble and crystal fractions, crystal shapes, and dissolved volatile contents. These factors are then used to understand down-flow changes in morphology. In each of these volcanological problems, understanding the three-phase rheology is important for understanding the problem, and the related flow behaviour and hazards.
A Contraband Detection Scheme in X-ray Security Images Based on Improved YOLOv8s Network Model

X-ray inspections of contraband are widely used to maintain public transportation safety and protect life and property when people travel. To improve detection accuracy and reduce the probability of missed and false detection, a contraband detection algorithm YOLOv8s-DCN-EMA-IPIO* based on YOLOv8s is proposed. Firstly, the super-resolution reconstruction method based on the SRGAN network enhances the original data set, which is more conducive to model training. Secondly, DCNv2 (deformable convolution net v2) is introduced in the backbone network and merged with the C2f layer to improve the ability of the feature extraction and robustness of the model. Then, an EMA (efficient multi-scale attention) mechanism is proposed to suppress the interference of complex background noise and occlusion overlap in the detection process. Finally, the IPIO (improved pigeon-inspired optimization), which is based on the cross-mutation strategy, is employed to maximize the convolutional neural network’s learning rate to derive the optimal group’s weight information and ultimately improve the model’s detection and recognition accuracy. The experimental results show that on the self-built data set, the mAP (mean average precision) of the improved model YOLOv8s-DCN-EMA-IPIO* is 73.43%, 3.98% higher than that of the original model YOLOv8s, and the FPS is 95, meeting the deployment requirements of both high precision and real-time.
Triglyceride–glucose index change and chronic kidney disease progression in a Chinese hypertensive population

Background The impact of triglyceride–glucose (TyG) index variations on chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression remains unexplored. To investigate the effects of the TyG index and its dynamic changes on CKD progression. Method This prospective cohort study included data from 8,418 hypertensive participants. The exposure variable in this study was defined as the difference between the TyG index at the last visit from that at baseline. The study’s outcome variable was the progression of CKD, defined as follows: for subjects with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥60 mL/min, a ≥30% decrease in eGFR with a final follow-up value <60 mL/min; for those with an eGFR <60 mL/min, a ≥50% decrease in eGFR; or terminal renal failure requiring dialysis. Results During a median follow-up period of 48 months, 1077 patients were diagnosed with CKD progression. In the fully adjusted Model 3, patients with a change in the TyG index <0 exhibited a significantly decreased 13% risk of CKD progression (HR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.76–0.98) compared to those with a change in the TyG index≥0 group. Subgroup analyses showed that changes in the TyG index significantly increased the risk of CKD progression only in patients with diastolic blood pressure (DBP) <90mmHg. In the path analysis, baseline TyG was associated with follow-up eGFR (the standard regression coefficient was 1.26 [95% CI, 0.45–2.06]). Conclusions Our findings suggest that TyG variability may serve as a useful tool for identifying individuals at risk of CKD progression, particularly hypertensive patients with normal DBP levels.
Rhizosphere Management: A Novel Approach for Improving the Crop Productivity

The increasing inputs use, enhanced nutrient losses from soil, and increased stress (biotic and abiotic) on a plant that causes low NUE and plant performance (Bommerco et al., 2013). In India, It creates more focus on nutrient management, especially synthetic fertilizer to satisfy the crop demand as well as food demand. We haven’t much concern toward soil rhizospheric properties and plant characters (plant sink capacity, root capacity, and root morphology), plant nutrient utilization to enhance crop productivity (Neumann et al., 2009; Zhang, et al., 2010). Plants don’t only use the soil as supporting material but plant releases some organic substances that influence the soil properties. This plant influenced soil volume can be known as rhizosphere (Dessaux et al., 2016). In the early 19 century, this biologically more active soil volume near root zone termed as “rhizosphere” (Hartmann, 2008). The rhizosphere is the root adjacent area which causes the favorable environment to the growth of plant through microbial activity (Rhizobium, Azotobacter, Mycorrhizae fungi and Cyanobacterium) that is prerequisite for This paper can be focused on rhizosphere management to improve plant performance and soil health. The rhizosphere is the interacting soil zone between plant and soil biota. It could affect the plant nutrient availability through soil biological activity. It can be manipulated through plant management (selection of plant species, change in cropping pattern, intercropping etc.), soil management (addition of organic carbon or organic manure), microbial management (selection of biotic community), and system approach where plant, soil and microbial can be improved simultaneously. So, rhizospheric management can help us to improve soil health and plant productivity. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 8 Number 03 (2019) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
LIONS PREY: A New Logistic Scoring System for the Prediction of Malignant Pulmonary Nodules

Simple Summary This study aimed to improve the precision of classifying pulmonary lesions as malignant using a new scoring system called ‘LIONS PREY’ (Lung lesION Score PREdicts malignancY). The new model, developed through the evaluation of a patient cohort from a single center, incorporates eight parameters, including age, nodule size, spiculation, solidity, size dynamics, smoking history, pack years, and cancer history. LIONS PREY demonstrates excellent precision and might facilitate decision making for multidisciplinary teams. Furthermore, it may help patients make informed decisions about surgery. The LIONS PREY app is available for free on Android and iOS devices. Abstract Objectives: Classifying radiologic pulmonary lesions as malignant is challenging. Scoring systems like the Mayo model lack precision in predicting the probability of malignancy. We developed the logistic scoring system ‘LIONS PREY’ (Lung lesION Score PREdicts malignancY), which is superior to existing models in its precision in determining the likelihood of malignancy. Methods: We evaluated all patients that were presented to our multidisciplinary team between January 2013 and December 2020. Availability of pathological results after resection or CT-/EBUS-guided sampling was mandatory for study inclusion. Two groups were formed: Group A (malignant nodule; n = 238) and Group B (benign nodule; n = 148). Initially, 22 potential score parameters were derived from the patients’ medical histories. Results: After uni- and multivariate analysis, we identified the following eight parameters that were integrated into a scoring system: (1) age (Group A: 64.5 ± 10.2 years vs. Group B: 61.6 ± 13.8 years; multivariate p-value: 0.054); (2) nodule size (21.8 ± 7.5 mm vs. 18.3 ± 7.9 mm; p = 0.051); (3) spiculation (73.1% vs. 41.9%; p = 0.024); (4) solidity (84.9% vs. 62.8%; p = 0.004); (5) size dynamics (6.4 ± 7.7 mm/3 months vs. 0.2 ± 0.9 mm/3 months; p < 0.0001); (6) smoking history (92.0% vs. 43.9%; p < 0.0001); (7) pack years (35.1 ± 19.1 vs. 21.3 ± 18.8; p = 0.079); and (8) cancer history (34.9% vs. 24.3%; p = 0.052). Our model demonstrated superior precision to that of the Mayo score (p = 0.013) with an overall correct classification of 96.0%, a calibration (observed/expected-ratio) of 1.1, and a discrimination (ROC analysis) of AUC (95% CI) 0.94 (0.92–0.97). Conclusions: Focusing on essential parameters, LIONS PREY can be easily and reproducibly applied based on computed tomography (CT) scans. Multidisciplinary team members could use it to facilitate decision making. Patients may find it easier to consent to surgery knowing the likelihood of pulmonary malignancy. The LIONS PREY app is available for free on Android and iOS devices.
Activation of M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors by proline-rich oligopeptide 7a (

Abstract Background: The bioactive peptides derived from snake venoms of the Viperidae family species have been promising as therapeutic candidates for neuroprotection due to their ability to prevent neuronal cell loss, injury, and death. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the cytoprotective effects of a synthetic proline-rich oligopeptide 7a (PRO-7a; <EDGPIPP) from Bothrops jararaca snake, on oxidative stress-induced toxicity in neuronal PC12 cells and astrocyte-like C6 cells. Methods: Both cells were pre-treated for four hours with different concentrations of PRO-7a, submitted to H2O2-induced damage for 20 h, and then the oxidative stress markers were analyzed. Also, two independent neuroprotective mechanisms were investigated: a) L-arginine metabolite generation via argininosuccinate synthetase (AsS) activity regulation to produce agmatine or polyamines with neuroprotective properties; b) M1 mAChR receptor subtype activation pathway to reduce oxidative stress and neuron injury. Results: PRO-7a was not cytoprotective in C6 cells, but potentiated the H2O2-induced damage to cell integrity at a concentration lower than 0.38 μM. However, PRO-7a at 1.56 µM, on the other hand, modified H2O2-induced toxicity in PC12 cells by restoring cell integrity, mitochondrial metabolism, ROS generation, and arginase indirect activity. The α-Methyl-DL-aspartic acid (MDLA) and L-NΩ-Nitroarginine methyl ester (L-Name), specific inhibitors of AsS and nitric oxide synthase (NOS), which catalyzes the synthesis of polyamines and NO from L-arginine, did not suppress PRO-7a-mediated cytoprotection against oxidative stress. It suggested that its mechanism is independent of the production of L-arginine metabolites with neuroprotective properties by increased AsS activity. On the other hand, the neuroprotective effect of PRO-7a was blocked in the presence of dicyclomine hydrochloride (DCH), an M1 mAChR antagonist. Conclusions: For the first time, this work provides evidence that PRO-7a-induced neuroprotection seems to be mediated through M1 mAChR activation in PC12 cells, which reduces oxidative stress independently of AsS activity and L-arginine bioavailability.
The Effect of Olive Leaf Extract on Digestive Enzyme Inhibition and Insulin Production in STZ-Induced Diabetic Rats

Zeytin yapragi potansiyel olarak saglik uzerine yararli etkileri oldugu dusunulen baslica oleuropein olmak uzere biyoaktif bilesenlere sahiptir. Bu calisma, streptozotosin (STZ) ile induklenmis diyabetik sicanlarda zetin yapragi ekstraktinin (OLE) in vivo karbonhidrat sindirim enzimleri inhibisyonunun ve pankreasta insulin mevcudiyetinin arastirilmasini amaclamaktadir. Deney sonunda kan glukoz seviyeleri, insulin seviyeleri, glikozillenmis hemoglobin (HbA1c), α-amilaz ve α-glukozidaz aktiviteleri analizi ile immunohistokimyasal calisma yapildi. OLE tedavi grubunda kan glukoz seviyeleri ve HbA1c anlamli sekilde azalirken insulin seviyeleri artti. Bunun yaninda OLE, Akarboz grubuna gore dikkat cekici sekilde α-amilaz ve α-glukozidaz aktivitelerinde inhibitor etki gosterdi. Immunohistokimyasal analizde OLE’nin β-hucrelerinde insulin icin kismi pozitif immunoreaksiyon gosterdigi gozlendi. OLE akarboz ile karsilastirildiginda sindirim sistemi bakimindan daha tolere edilebilir oldugu dusunuldugunde antidiyabetik ilaclara gore daha iyi bir fitoformulasyon olabilir. OLE, diyabet tedavisi icin ek bir faydali etki sunabilir.
Woody debris characterization along an elevation gradient in northeastern Puerto Rico

Woody debris is an ecologically important component of forests; providing habitat for animals and germinating plants, as well as contributing to soil moisture regula-tion and nutrient cycling (Harmon et al. 1986, Santiago 2000). Decaying woody debris serves as a water and nutri-ent reservoir, providing nutrients to the soil directly un-derneath in the form of dissolved organic matter (Yavitt and Fahey 1985, Harmon and Hua 1991, Hart 1999, Spears et al. 2003, Spears and Lajtha 2005, Zalamea et al. 2007). Nutrients are also harvested from woody de-bris through fungal sporocarp formation (Harmon et al. 1994), mycorrhizal and root absorption, or insect inges-tion and transport.Woody debris is an important component of the car-bon pool and a potential carbon sink in terrestrial eco-systems globally (Harmon and Hua 1991, Torres 1994, Creed et al. 2004). Persisting for centuries, woody debris may represent a significant portion of total carbon stor-age in a system (Harmon and Sexton 1996). Global com-parative studies have found positive correlation between temperature, precipitation, and rates of decomposition of litter and woody debris (Meentemeyer 1978, Yatskov et al. 2003). As temperatures and climates shift globally, rates of decomposition and amounts of woody debris may be affected resulting in increased release or storage of carbon. The exact contribution of woody debris to global carbon storage is unknown (Harmon et al. 1986), necessitating more research in this area.While surveys of amounts and properties of woody de-bris have been performed within temperate systems as well as the mainland tropics, these collections are often limited to few forest types encompassing large land areas (Delaney et al. 1998, Nascimento and Laurance 2002). Temperate, tropical, and island ecosystems vary in climate, species composition, decomposer community structure and rates of biomass production, resulting in variable amounts of carbon stored in persistent downed woody debris. Of the studies conducted in the tropics, many have focused solely
Efficacité comparée de différents pièges pour la capture de Glossina tachinoides (Diptera: Glossinidae) au Burkina Faso

Cinq types de pieges sans produit olfactif sont compares en saison seche fraiche puis chaude le long de la riviere Comoe au Burkina Faso, pour leur efficacite vis-a-vis de Glossina tachinoides. Le piege biconique Challier-Laveissiere donne les meilleurs resultats, alors que le piege monoconique Merot et le piege F3 se revelent tres peu efficaces; le piege monoconique Vavoua et l'ecran-piege fournissent des resultats intermediaires. Les captures evoluent tout au long de la saison seche au niveau quantitatif (augmentation du nombre total de glossines capturees) et au niveau qualitatif (predominance des femelles pendant toute l'experience, plus nette en deuxieme periode). (Resume d'auteur)