Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design Techniques for Energy-Efficient Analog-to-Digital Converters

The energy efficiency of analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) has improved steadily over the past 40 years, with the best reported ADC efficiency improving by nearly six orders of magnitude over the same period. The best figure-of-merit (FoM) is achieved with a limited class of ADC in terms of resolution and speed, but the coverage of the best FoM ADC has been expended. Many ADCs with the record FoM open up new applications and often incorporate multiple combinations of architectural and circuit innovations. It would be very interesting to follow a path of relentless optimization that could be useful to further expand the operating bandwidth of energy-efficient ADCs. To help along this path, this review article discusses the design techniques that focus on optimizing energy efficiency, involving successive approximation, pipelining, noise-shaping, and continuous-time operation.
Economics and managEmEnt of EntErprisE

s and references 102 Технологический аудиТ и резервы производсТва — No 1/5(21), 2015 Economics and managEmEnt of EntErprisE BusinEss procEssEs rEconstruction within thE supply chain in thE contExt of outsourcing
ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT OF ENTERPRISE

Об’єктом дослідження є підприємницькі ризики в аграрній сфері України та ступінь їхнього впливу на результати сільськогосподарської діяльності. Однією із найбільших проблем підприємницької діяльності є наявність ризиків, проте виміряти їх складно. На даний час відсутній визнаний науковою спільнотою та експертами-практиками стандарт (протокол) оцінки ризиків, який описує її завдання, методологію, процедури, статистичні аспекти та організацію дослідження. Отже, вдосконалення методичних підходів оцінки підприємницьких ризиків залишається важливим. В ході дослідження використовувались наступні методи: абстрактно-логічний, порівняльного аналізу, статистичний, монографічний, експертних оцінок, графічний, табличний, діалектичний. Для аналізу ризиків була запропонована система індикаторів, які формувались з урахуванням прийомів декомпозиції, аналізу та синтезу. Під час відбору видів ризиків до системи індикаторів був застосований контент-аналіз літературних джерел авторства фахівців у сфері аграрних ризиків. Отриманий результат полягає у розробці концепції авторської методики якісної оцінки впливу ризиків в сільському господарстві на результати діяльності. Методика має ряд особливостей, зокрема, вона враховує вплив найбільших галузевих ризиків – природних, макроекономічних, внутрішньоекономічних, політичних та кримінальних. Запропонована методика оцінки включає етапи: 1. Експертна оцінка 20 чинників, які можуть найбільш суттєво вплинути на результати сільськогосподарської діяльності. Експерти у балах за шкалою від 1 до 5 оцінюють ступінь впливу фактора. 2. Перевірка узгодженості думок експертів. 3. Розрахунок середньої бальної оцінки ризиків з подальшою градацією ступеня ризику за групами: низький або помірний, припустимий та критично небезпечний рівень ризику. 4. Формування висновків щодо управління ризиками діяльності. У порівнянні з аналогічними методами аналізу ризиків запропонована методика має наступні переваги: – комплексний підхід, можливість деталізації окремих ризиків; – простота математичних розрахунків; – економія часу та ресурсів завдяки аналізу невеликої кількості чинників, що мають найбільший вплив на сільськогосподарську діяльність; – мінімізація суб’єктивності оцінок експертів; – можливість використання результатів в оцінці страхового ризику або оцінці інвестиційної привабливості проектів. Завдяки застосуванню даної методики забезпечується можливість отримання однозначної та науково обґрунтованої відповіді на питання «Наскільки високий ризик зазнати збитків у даній діяльності? ». Ключові слова: підприємницький ризик, методика оцінки ризиків, сільське господарство. Yehоrоva О. , Dоrоhan-Рysarenkо L. , Сhір L. , Tyutyunnіk M.
Qualitative Study of Individuals' Behavioral Biases toward Buying Decision of Financial Products: Evidence from Pakistani Stock Market

Due to increased complexity of financial instruments, the role of investors' bias in investment decision making has enhanced. To study this role, the present study aims identify the causes of behavioral biases which affect investment decision making. The main parameters of the study are home bias, disposition effect, herding bias, conformation bias and anchoring bias. The research design is exploratory in nature which will help to investigate the causes of behavioral biases that affect the investment decision making of individuals. The qualitative design was employed to get insights by conducting sixteen in-depth semi-structured interviews from individual investors. First and second order codes assigned to data mainly came from literature review. Researchers found that home bias, disposition effect, herding effect was quite evident in Pakistani Investor. However, anchoring bias has been found in half of the participants and confirmation bias not evident in Pakistani investors. The study has various implications for investors and academicians which will help to expand the scope of the future studies and generalizability by addressing the limitation of the current study.
A Novel Orthoplastic Reconstruction of Relapsed Clubfoot With Total Ankle Arthroplasty

Congenital clubfoot is addressed in infancy and rarely persists into adulthood. Ankle arthroplasty is an increasingly popular surgical intervention for patients with ankle arthritis since it allows a natural ankle range of motion and completely replaces a degenerative hindfoot. Here, we describe the first successful total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) for a patient with previously treated congenital clubfoot that reverted later in life. To address the patient’s poor soft-tissue integument and reduce the likelihood of post-surgical complications, a perioperative latissimus muscle-free flap was performed. This two-staged, novel orthoplastic intervention addressed our patient’s ankle issues and appears to be a viable option for clubfoot patients.
Wild and cultivated allele effects on rice phenotypic traits in reciprocal backcross populations between Oryza rufipogon and two cultivars, O. sativa Nipponbare and IR36

A total of four populations of reciprocal backcross recombinant inbred lines were produced from a cross between a wild accession of Oryza rufipogon W630 and two major cultivars, O. sativa Japonica Nipponbare and Indica IR36. Using these populations, quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis for eight morphological traits (culm length, panicle length, days to heading, panicle shape, pericarp color, hull color, seed shattering and seed awning) was carried out, and the putative QTL regions were compared among the populations. The QTLs with strong allele effects were commonly detected for culm length, panicle shape, pericarp color and hull color in all four populations, and their peak locations were close to the major genes of sd1, Spr3, Rc and Bh4, respectively. For panicle length and days to heading, some QTL regions overlapped between two or three populations. In the case of seed shattering and seed awning, strong wild allele effects at major loci were observed only in the populations with cultivated backgrounds. Since the wild and cultivated alleles have never been evaluated in the reciprocal genetic backgrounds, the present results provide new information on gene effects in breeding and domestication studies.
Language policies and multilingual practices in Icelandic preschools

ABSTRACT This article aims at exploring family language policies and practices of immigrant families in Iceland as well as educational practices and partnerships in their children’s preschools. The article draws on interviews with preschool principals and teachers in three preschools in Iceland, and presents findings related to state, municipal, and school language policies as well as multilingual practices in these preschools. The findings indicate that despite the generally positive attitudes and interest in multilingual practices among preschool personnel, there is room for improvement in terms of more structured and systematic integration of the diverse linguistic and cultural backgrounds of families, as well as fostering stronger partnerships with parents from different linguistic and cultural communities. Furthermore, teacher education should include both theoretical and practical knowledge of multicultural and multilingual education to better equip teachers for cultural and linguistic diversity in schools.
Innovations in Flexible Electronic Skin: Material, Structural and Applications

Flexible electronic skin (e-skin) has emerged as a promising technology for advanced sensing capabilities in applications such as robotics, prosthetics, and human-machine interfaces. The properties of e-skin devices hinge on the selection of appropriate materials and structures, such as sensitivity, mechanical flexibility, and biocompatibility. This article provides an overview of the current state of e-skin research, focusing on the materials and structures used to create e-skin devices. Various materials were discussed in this paper, including conductive polymers, carbon nanotubes, graphene, bacterial cellulose, metal-organic frameworks, ionogels, and self-healing materials, highlighting their unique properties and potential applications in e-skin designs. Additionally, the structures and architectures of e-skin devices were examined, covering aspects such as multilayer designs, hybrid structures, and hierarchical configurations. This comprehensive review offers valuable insights into the development and optimization of e-skin materials and structures, paving the way for the creation of innovative, high-performance e-skin devices for various applications.
Eco-literacy in Science Learning: A Review and Bibliometric Analysis

Eco-literacy plays an important role in learning awareness about protecting the environment. Ecoliteracy needs to be given to children early to instill basic environmental preservation behaviors. There has been a decline in environmental quality due to low awareness of eco-literacy. This study aims to review bibliometric literature on applying eco-literacy-based learning to increase student awareness of the importance of protecting the surrounding environment. The literature review was taken from articles obtained using the Publish or Perish (PoP) application from 2017 to 2022 and obtained 67 articles. The articles are then analyzed using VOSviewer software to map and look for research gaps that are still possible to be researched. Some topics provide research opportunities, including "education", "environmental education", "environmental", "sustainability", and "ecological literacy". From the point of recent research on the application of student eco-literacy-based learning models for environment-related materials still provides room to be carried out.
COMPARATIVE GROSS MORPHOLOGY AND PROPERTIES OF WING FEATHERS IN BROILER AND KUTTANAD DUCKS

Gross morphology and properties of duck wing feathers were studied in order to investigate the possibilities for the valorisation of waste duck feathers. Feather samples were collected from a total of 24 birds comprising of six males and females each of broiler Vigova Super-M ducks of six to eight weeks of age and spent Kuttanad (layer) ducks above 40 weeks of age from the Meat Technology Unit, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Kerala. The length and diameter of the feather barbs of these birds were recorded. Properties of barbs such as aspect ratio and ﬁneness of barbs and density of whole feather fraction were also estimated and compared. The results pointed towards the sole features of the duck feather that are comparable with other natural or synthetic ﬁbres for their substitution in various industries. Average length of barbs in broiler and Kuttanad ducks in the right side of right-wing feather was 2.32±0.10 cm and 1.83±0.07 cm, respectively. The diameter of the barbs was similar in both groups and the average diameter of barb was 0.06±0.004 mm which falls under spinnable diameter range which is suitable for textile application. Aspect ratio of barbs of duck feathers was in the desired range to be used in textile manufacturing. The fineness and relative density
intuitR: A Theorem Prover for Intuitionistic Propositional Logic

A constructive proof proves the existence of a mathematical object by giving the steps necessary to construct said object. Proofs of this type can be interpreted as an algorithm for creating such an object. Intuitionistic Propositional Logic (IPL) is a propositional logic system wherein all valid proofs are constructive. intuitR is a theorem prover for IPL, that is, it determines whether a given formula is valid in IPL or not. In this paper, we describe how intuitR determines the validity of a formula and review its performance. When compared on a benchmark set of problems, intuitR was determined to solve more problems and to be of comparable speed or better than other IPL-provers.
The Effect of Different pH Conditions on Peptides’ Separation from the Skipjack Dark Meat Hydrolysate Using Ceramic Ultrafiltration

The conversion of Skipjack (Katsuwonus pelamis) dark meat into a hydrolysate via enzymatic hydrolysis is a promising approach to increase the value of tuna by-products as a source of bioactive peptides. Skipjack dark meat hydrolysate (SDMH) contains various sizes and sequences of peptides. To obtain and concentrate the targeted small peptides from SDMH, ultrafiltration, a key unit operation process, was employed to fractionate the protein hydrolysate due to its simplicity and productivity. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of the feed pH on the membrane performance based on the permeate flux and the transmission of peptides. The fractionation of SDMH was performed using a ceramic membrane (molecular weight cut-off of 1 kDa) with three different pH values (5, 7, and 9) at various transmembrane pressures (TMP) (2.85, 3.85, and 4.85 bar). A high permeate flux and transmission were obtained at pH 9 due to the repulsive interactions between peptides and the membrane surface, leading to the reduction in concentration polarization that could promote high transmission. In addition, the combination of low TMP (2.85 bar) and pH 9 helped to even minimize the fouling formation tendency, providing the highest peptide transmission in this study. The fractionation process resulted in the enhancement of small peptides (MW < 0.3 kDa). The amino acid profiles were different at each pH, affirming the charge effect from the pH changes. In conclusion, the performance of the membrane was affected by the pH of the hydrolysate. Additionally, the ultrafiltration method served as an alternate method of peptide separation on a commercial scale.
Fault diagnosis method for hydro-power plants with Bi-LSTM knowledge graph aided by attention scheme

In hydro-power systems, the fault of equipment is an important potential threat for the safe production of electricity. Therefore, the automation and intelligence of fault diagnosis becomes the popular issue in the research on hydro-power system. In this paper, a knowledge graph-based method is put forth to diagnose faults occurred in hydro-power systems, since the knowledge graph can store structured and unstructured data for better fault diagnosis and intelligently search the reasons of the faults. First, we model the knowledge graph for hydro-power plants, where the rational path for the fault reason is formulated. Then, the bi-directional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) with conditional random field (CRF) is used to extract the entities and relations to the given documents, which record the phenomenon and reasons for the occurred faults. Moreover, the attention scheme is employed in the Bi-LSTM to weigh the closer relationships to improve the diagnosis accuracy. An automatic diagnosis algorithm is developed to improve the diagnosing efficiency by constructing rational paths, with which directive and in-directive factors for occurring faults can be traced. Simulation results reveal that the intelligent search method with a knowledge graph can effectively find the reason, locate the position, and provide useful suggestions for the occurred faults.
Implementation of Wavelet-Transform-Based Algorithms in an FPGA for Heart Rate and RT Interval Automatic Measurements in Real Time: Application in a Long-Term Ambulatory Electrocardiogram Monitor

Cardiovascular diseases are currently the leading cause of death worldwide. Thus, there is a need for non-invasive ambulatory (Holter) ECG monitors with automatic measurements of ECG intervals to evaluate electrocardiographic abnormalities of patients with cardiac diseases. This work presents the implementation of algorithms in an FPGA for beat-to-beat heart rate and RT interval measurements based on the continuous wavelet transform (CWT) with splines for a prototype of an ambulatory ECG monitor of three leads. The prototype’s main elements are an analog–digital converter ADS1294, an FPGA of Xilinx XC7A35T-ICPG236C of the Artix-7 family of low consumption, immersed in a low-scale Cmod-A7 development card integration, an LCD display and a micro-SD memory of 16 Gb. A main state machine initializes and manages the simultaneous acquisition of three leads from the ADS1294 and filters the signals using a FIR filter. The algorithm based on the CWT with splines detects the QRS complex (R or S wave) and then the T-wave end using a search window. Finally, the heart rate (60/RR interval) and the RT interval (from R peak to T-wave end) are calculated for analysis of its dynamics. The micro-SD memory stores the three leads and the RR and RT intervals, and an LCD screen displays the beat-to-beat values of heart rate, RT interval and the electrode connection. The algorithm implemented on the FPGA achieved satisfactory results in detecting different morphologies of QRS complexes and T wave in real time for the analysis of heart rate and RT interval dynamics.
Assessment of Communication Skills in MBBS Interns with Objective Structured Video Examination (OSVE)

Background: Medical graduates enter work force with substantial knowledge but are they prepared for practice in diverse settings? To train medical interns in communication skills using Demonstration Observation Assistance and Performance (DOAP) and to assess communication skills in medical interns using objective structured video examination (OSVE). Methods and Materials: DOAP sessions of all 27 interns posted in Community Medicine and Pediatrics departments during the duration of the study were conducted in six clinical scenarios followed by two OSVEs. Methods and Material: Interns performed selected activity independently twice for assessments. Videos submitted by interns were assessed by Gap Kalamazoo assessment forms (OSVE). Data analysis was done by appropriate methods. Percentages and proportions and calculation of median scores with interquartile ranges. Results: Seventy one point four percent of faculty and 96.3% of interns were satisfied with module implementation. More than = 57.8% marks were scored by 94.45% interns in self-assessment and faculty assessment and by 100% interns in patient assessment. Median scores of all second assessments were higher. Conclusions: DOAP method is good for training of interns in communication skills. OSVE may be an appropriate assessment tool as it leads to progression in learning.
Studies on the seasonal occurrence and control of pomegranate (Punica granatum), (Lythraceae) insect pests, with a focus on fruit borer and thrips

The current study on "Studies on seasonal incidence and management of insect pests of pomegranate, Punica granatum (Lythraceae), with special reference to fruit borer and thrips" was carried out at the Dry Land Horticulture Research Farm, Pt. Shiv Kumar Shastri College of Agriculture & Research Station, Surgi; district Rajnandgaon, during the kharif-rabi, 2020-21. Twenty-four insect pests were identified causing damage to pomegranate at various growth stages in pest succession studies. On the pomegranate environment, five sucking pests (aphid, thrips, whitefly, mealy bug, and mites), one fruit borer (anar butterfly), and three leaf defoliators (castor semi-looper, tussock moth caterpillar, and hairy caterpillar) predominated. Thrips, Scirtothrips sp. , and fruit borer, Deudorix sp. were identified as important pomegranate insect pests. Based on the pooled mean, Neem Seed Kernel Extract (NSKE) @ 5% outperformed other botanical insecticides in terms of thrips and fruit borer infestation, with 2.11 thrips/5 cm shoot and 4.96 percent, respectively.
A Review of the Clinical Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Abdominal Imaging

Artificial intelligence (AI) has been a topic of substantial interest for radiologists in recent years. Although many of the first clinical applications were in the neuro, cardiothoracic, and breast imaging subspecialties, the number of investigated and real-world applications of body imaging has been increasing, with more than 30 FDA-approved algorithms now available for applications in the abdomen and pelvis. In this manuscript, we explore some of the fundamentals of artificial intelligence and machine learning, review major functions that AI algorithms may perform, introduce current and potential future applications of AI in abdominal imaging, provide a basic understanding of the pathways by which AI algorithms can receive FDA approval, and explore some of the challenges with the implementation of AI in clinical practice.
Design Strategies of 40 nm Split-Gate NOR Flash Memory Device for Low-Power Compute-in-Memory Applications

The existing von Neumann architecture for artificial intelligence (AI) computations suffers from excessive power consumption and memory bottlenecks. As an alternative, compute-in-memory (CIM) technology has been emerging. Among various CIM device candidates, split-gate NOR flash offers advantages such as a high density and low on-state current, enabling low-power operation, and benefiting from a high level of technological maturity. To achieve high energy efficiency and high accuracy in CIM inference chips, it is necessary to optimize device design by targeting low power consumption at the device level and surpassing baseline accuracy at the system level. In split-gate NOR flash, significant factors that can cause CIM inference accuracy drop are the device conductance variation, caused by floating gate charge variation, and a low on-off current ratio. Conductance variation generally has a trade-off relationship with the on-current, which greatly affects CIM dynamic power consumption. In this paper, we propose strategies for designing optimal devices by adjusting oxide thickness and other structural parameters. As a result of setting Tox,FG to 13.4 nm, TIPO to 4.6 nm and setting other parameters to optimal points, the design achieves erase on-current below 2 μA, program on-current below 10 pA, and off-current below 1 pA, while maintaining an inference accuracy of over 92%.
A localization architecture for indoor parking areas

Wireless Local Access Network (WLAN) technology provides mobility services to network users. In this paper a significant value was added to this technology, by proposing an inexpensive framework providing advanced location determination services. Our target environment is an indoor parking area. For this area a comprehensive architecture and infrastructure are experimented, which are composed of several WLAN Access Points able to capture radio signals emitted from user equipments, and a Location Server able to estimate the user position using an appropriate fingerprinting-based location algorithm. In such a way a typical WLAN infrastructure will not only provide data communication services to mobile users (e.g. for network service access), but will also provide accurate localization information which can be exploited by a wide variety of advanced location-based and value-added applications.