Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Review of Prostate Organogenesis and a Role for iPSC-Derived Prostate Organoids to Study Prostate Development and Disease

The prostate is vulnerable to two major age-associated diseases, cancer and benign enlargement, which account for significant morbidity and mortality for men across the globe. Prostate cancer is the most common cancer reported in men, with over 1.2 million new cases diagnosed and 350,000 deaths recorded annually worldwide. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), characterised by the continuous enlargement of the adult prostate, symptomatically afflicts around 50% of men worldwide. A better understanding of the biological processes underpinning these diseases is needed to generate new treatment approaches. Developmental studies of the prostate have shed some light on the processes essential for prostate organogenesis, with many of these up- or downregulated genes expressions also observed in prostate cancer and/or BPH progression. These insights into human disease have been inferred through comparative biological studies relying primarily on rodent models. However, directly observing mechanisms of human prostate development has been more challenging due to limitations in accessing human foetal material. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) could provide a suitable alternative as they can mimic embryonic cells, and iPSC-derived prostate organoids present a significant opportunity to study early human prostate developmental processes. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of prostate development and its relevance to prostate-associated diseases. Additionally, we detail the potential of iPSC-derived prostate organoids for studying human prostate development and disease.
Model of Assessing the Impact of Rare Events in Aviation Security Investments Projects

The problem of optimal dynamic allocation of resources in security should be built in such a manner to include the impact assessment of rare events, such as natural or asymmetric extreme events. This paper presents a model for the analysis of investment situations that involves real options with multiple sources of jump risk and identification of management solutions that increase the value of the investment opportunity using Wiener processes and Poisson distribution. The results are solutions for improved decision-making in aviation systems.
Combining Global Geopotential Models, Digital Elevation Models, and GNSS/Leveling for Precise Local Geoid Determination in Some Mexico Urban Areas: Case Study

This work shows improvements of geoid undulation values obtained from a high-resolution Global Geopotential Model (GGM), applied to local urban areas. The methodology employed made use of a Residual Terrain Model (RTM) to account for the topographic masses effect on the geoid. This effect was computed applying the spherical tesseroids approach for mass discretization. The required numerical integration was performed by 2-D integration with 1DFFT technique that combines DFT along parallels with direct numerical integration along meridians. In order to eliminate the GGM commission error, independent geoid undulations values obtained from a set of GNSS/leveling stations are employed. A corrector surface from the associated geoid undulation differences at the stations was generated through a polynomial regression model. The corrector surface, in addition to the GGM commission error, also absorbs the GNSS/leveling errors as well as datum inconsistencies and systematic errors of the data. The procedure was applied to five Mexican urban areas that have a geodetic network of GNSS/leveling points, which range from 166 to 811. Two GGM were evaluated: EGM2008 and XGM2019e_2159. EGM2008 was the model that showed relatively better agreement with the GNSS/leveling stations having differences with RMSE values in the range of 8–60 cm and standard deviations of 5–8 cm in four of the networks and 17 cm in one of them. The computed topographic masses contribution to the geoid were relatively small, having standard deviations on the range 1–24 mm. With respect to corrector surface estimations, they turned out to be fairly smooth yielding similar residuals values for two geoid models. This was also the case for the most recent Mexican gravity geoid GGM10. For the three geoid models, the second order polynomial regression model performed slightly better than the first order with differences up to 1 cm. These two models produced geoid correction residuals with a standard deviation in one test area of 14 cm while for the others it was of about 4–7 cm. However, the kriging method that was applied for comparison purposes produced slightly smaller values: 8 cm for one area and 4–6 cm for the others.
Instability, subharmonics and chaos in power electronic systems

The principles of chaos theory are applied to a variety of nonlinear power electronic circuits. With the onset of instability, the phenomena of subharmonics, quasi-periodicity, and chaos are predicted and observed. Examples treated are: diodes with charge storage (with application to resonant converters); a ferroresonant circuit; a controlled thyristor rectifier circuit; and a buck converter controlled by pulse-width modulation. <<ETX>>
Performance diagnostics with instrumented racing wheelchairs comparison of athletes of class T52 and T53

The purpose of this study was to develop a cheap and flexible instrumentation system for on-track monitoring of velocity and associated parameters. Two wheelchairs of two top athletes (class T52 and 53) were equipped with a ferrite motor connected to the rear wheels and the back EMF (electromotive force) was converted to velocity after filtering and calibrating. Drag and rolling resistance were determined from the decreasing velocity when rolling freely and from a differential equation. In two 100 m races per athlete, the velocity, peak push acceleration, push frequency, inertial, drag and friction forces, peak push power and energy were calculated. Athlete 1 (T53) reached twice the maximum velocity and six times the average peak push power of Athlete 2, and produced 2.7 times as much energy over 100m. The system developed is useful for optimising race training.
Novel Criteria for Intratumoral Budding with Prognostic Relevance for Colon Cancer and Its Histological Subtypes

Peritumoral budding and intratumoral budding (ITB) are important prognostic factors for colorectal cancer patients. Scientists worldwide have investigated the role of budding in tumor progression and its prognosis, but guidelines for reliably identifying tumor buds based on morphology are lacking. In this study, next-generation tissue microarray (ngTMA®) construction was used for tumor bud evaluation, and highly detailed rule-out annotation was used for tumor definition in pancytokeratin-stained tissue sections. Initially, tissues of 245 colon cancer patients were evaluated with high interobserver reliability, and a concordance of 96% was achieved. It was shown that high ITB scores were associated with poor distant metastasis-free survival (p = 0.006 with a cut-off of ≥10 buds). This cut-off was defined as the best maximum value from one of two/three ngTMA® cores (0.6 mm diameter). ITB in 30 cases of mucinous, medullary, and signet ring cell carcinoma was analyzed for the subsequent determination of differences in tumor bud analyses between those subtypes. In conclusion, blinded randomized punched cores in the tumor center can be useful for ITB detection. It can be assumed that this method is suitable for its adoption in clinical routines.
LOVD: Land Vehicle Detection in Complex Scenes of Optical Remote Sensing Image†

Nowadays, there is a growing body of research about object detection in remote sensing data. However, the detection algorithms for small targets in remote sensing area are inadequate, largely because of unavailability of high-quality datasets. Most remote sensing datasets are comprehensive, which means they include bridges, airplanes and lots of other common categories. Compared with other categories, the number and diversity of weak objects, such as vehicles, are quite insufficient. These limitations greatly affect the detection of small targets in remote sensing images. In order to promote the development of algorithms for detection of small targets in remote sensing images, and to also allow access to remote sensing data, we have established a large-scale dataset for the detection of vehicle targets in optical remote sensing images and called it LOVD. It contains 1196 pictures, 541,751 instances, covering 13 categories. For the dataset we have proposed in this paper: (1) It is the largest one in terms of vehicle category and total number of vehicle instances; (2) It contains images with various backgrounds in different weather and scenarios; (3) All targets are marked by oriented bounding boxes (OBBs), and two label formats are provided. Lastly, we test the state-of-the-art detection algorithms on our dataset and provide a benchmark for OBB detection.
Residential Recycling Programs: Environmental, Economic and Disposal Factors

The type of recycling program initiated by state or local government is related to (a) the environmental awareness of the population and the subsequent reflection of that awareness in government, (b) the state's municipal solid waste (MSW) disposal situation, and (c) the market conditions for recycled materials. Two hypotheses are studied: (1) voluntary participation recycling programs are initiated when environmental awareness is the driving force and market conditions are good and (2) mandatory participation recycling programs result when the driving force is MSW disposal difficulties. New Jersey and Oregon, two of the states, with statewide mandatory and voluntary recycling programs respectively, are studied with respect to the events leading to the enactment of their recycling programs. The hypotheses are supported by the events in each state. Hypothesis 2 is further supported by data from 48 states comparing information on each state's MSW disposal situation with the local and statewide recycling programs reported in a survey. The percentages of mandatory recycling programs increase with increasing MSW disposal difficulty. A measure of environmental awareness must be developed before hypothesis one can be studied with cross-sectional data.
ANÁLISIS DE CONSULTAS A UN BUSCADOR DE LA WEB CHILENA

Los buscadores de paginas Web son herramientas indispensables de orientacion para sus usuarios, lo cual refleja la gran cantidad de personas que los utilizan diariamente. Las bitacoras (logs) que registran el uso de un buscador son una valiosa fuente de informacion: nos hablan de las expectativas, preferencias y necesidades de las personas, es decir, que esperan ellas encontrar en la Web. El resultado del analisis de logs de uso tiene un importante valor comercial, en particular para el comercio electronico y la publicidad en Internet. El objetivo de este estudio es encontrar relaciones entre las consultas de los usuarios de la Web Chilena (.cl) y las diversas areas de clasificacion de sus diferentes sitios. Tambien se esperan encontrar relaciones entre los tipos de busqueda realizados y los sitios visitados, para asi conocer la necesidad que los lleva a formular sus consultas. La informacion obtenida esta basada en los logs del buscador chileno TodoCL [1] entre febrero y marzo de 2004.
EXTENSION OF THE PICCADILLY LINE FROM HOUNSLOW WEST TO HEATHROW CENTRAL

The paper gives a history of events leading up to the authorization of the construction of the extension. Three separate contracts were involved, and a description of the design and method of construction in each case is given. The paper discusses the reasons for adopting a particular method of construction, and comments on problems encountered on each of the three contracts and the effectiveness of the various measures taken to overcome them. The particular difficulties of working under an operational airfield are detailed.
Optimal tracking control of a nonholonomic mobile robot

The position control problem of a nonholonomic mobile robot has been an important class of control problem. It receives a task from a human operator, and must perform the given task in the environment including a lot of obstacles such as human bodies and other robots. Therefore the mobile robot must perform given tasks and path planning by itself. In this paper we discuss an intelligent tracking control of navigating a mobile robot in an unknown environment. Through suggested intelligent control, a mobile robot is able to perform minimization of the distance to the moving goal by online motion planning from actual sensor data. Simulation shows the effectiveness of accurate tracking capability and the robust performance of proposed scheme.
Detecção de desinformação sobre Covid-19 no Twitter

Os danos causados por notícias falsas ou enganosas têm se potencializado graças à facilidade com que as informações são disseminadas em redes sociais. Durante a pandemia do Covid-19, iniciada em 2020, tais notícias foram capazes de gerar pânico na população, além de instruir erroneamente as pessoas sobre a prevenção da doença. O presente trabalho introduz um novo corpus a partir de postagens no Twitter na língua portuguesa com desinformações sobre a Covid-191. Além do novo corpus, o trabalho avalia diferentes abordagens de representações textuais e algoritmos de aprendizagem na tarefa de detecção de mensagens contendo desinformação. O melhor resultado obtido alcançou F1-score de 89% no modelo de classificação SVM com a representação textual TF-IDF.
Design of dual-band slot antenna with double T-match stubs

A simple and compact design of dual-band slot antenna is presented. Fed by a CPW, the antenna is printed on a single-layer PCB with extremely low manufacturing cost. A pair of T-match stubs is employed to generate the dual resonances in the 2.4-2.5 and 5-6 GHz bands. The antenna of small radiating area 11/spl times/28 mm/sup 2/ is demonstrated on an FR4 PCB with ground plane size of 31/spl times/35 mm/sup 2/. Robust radiation performances are achieved, including in-band gain flatness within +/- 0.5 dB and polarisation isolation better than 15 dB. Consistent radiation patterns for both bands are obtained with peak gains about 3 and 4 dBi in the lower and upper bands, respectively.
The Rise of Steganography

Steganography comes from the Greek steganos (covered or secret) and -graphy (writing or drawing). Steganography can be defined as the hiding of information by embedding messages within other, seemingly harmless messages, graphics or sounds. The first steganographic technique was developed in ancient Greece around 440 B.C. The Greek ruler Histaeus employed an early version of steganography which involved: shaving the head of a slave, tattooing the message on the slaves scalp, waiting for the growth of hair to disclose the secret message, and sending the slave on his way to deliver the message. The recipient would have the slave’s head to uncover the message. The recipient would reply in the same form of steganography. In the same time period, another early form of steganography was employed. This method involved Demerstus, who wrote a message to the Spartans warning of eminent invasions from Xerxes. The message was carved on the wood of wax tablet, and then covered with a fresh layer of wax. This seemingly blank tablet was delivered with its hidden message successfully. Steganography continued development in the early 1600s as Sir Francis Bacon used a variation in type face to carry each bit of the encoding. Steganography continued over time to develop into new levels. During times of war steganography is used extensively. During the American Revolutionary War both the British and American forces used various forms of Invisible Inks. Invisible Ink involved common sources, this included milk, vinegar, fruit juice, and urine, for the hidden text. To decipher these hidden messages required light or heat. During World War II the Germans introduced microdots. The
Are the Concepts “Onsite Study” and “Distance Study” Outdated?

Today’s students demand another approach to learning than the approach taken for students entering the school system 20 to 30 years ago. Modern students’ expectations and demands with regard to how and when they want to study are not the same as they used to be. Students now want more independence in how they plan their study, including having the ability to take distance courses, receive material and information posted online and take advantage of the potential of today’s technology. A growing interest in distance learning is one part of this development. Concepts like “onsite” and “distance” study and students have been used, but with a large – and growing – part of the course material being available online for both onsite and distance students, the barriers between these two groups have been minimized. The question is: are these concepts outdated, and is it necessary to make a distinction between onsite and distance study and students? Research was done within the course Spoken and written language at the University of Iceland in the year 2012 to discover whether it is possible to combine onsite and distance courses into one, throw away the old concepts and use only “study” and “students”.
Design of DFB fibre lasers

A numerical model for erbium distributed feedback (DFB) fibre lasers is presented. The model is used to optimise the location of a discrete phase shift to obtain maximum output power. For DFB fibre lasers of up to 10 cm in length it is shown that the influence of Kerr nonlinearity with respect to output power is negligible.
Grid Current Control for Active-Front-End Electric Propulsion Systems in AC Ship Microgrids

This article proposes a finite control set (FCS) current controller for grid-tied converters, specifically tailored to meet the characteristics of ac ship microgrids in all-electric ships (AESs). Contrary to a pulsewidth modulator (PWM)-based design, which often employs an LCL filter, the proposal is able to meet applicable harmonic regulations using an L filter with the same total inductance as the LCL filter and the same switching frequency required by PWM-based solutions. Moreover, the proposed design provides a low sensitivity in a wide frequency range from dc to the switching frequency of the power converter. This low sensitivity permits to quickly attenuate low-order disturbances and it is particularly convenient in marine applications with a weak grid, where the frequent connection and disconnection of high power nonlinear loads can significantly affect the voltage waveform quality.
Continuous Stability TS Fuzzy Systems Novel Frame Controlled by a Discrete Approach and Based on SOS Methodology

Generally, the continuous and discrete TS fuzzy systems’ control is studied independently. Unlike the discrete systems, stability results for the continuous systems suffer from conservatism because it is still quite difficult to apply non-quadratic Lyapunov functions, something which is much easier for the discrete systems. In this paper and in order to obtain new results for the continuous case, we proposed to connect the continuous with the discrete cases and then check the stability of the continuous TS fuzzy systems by means of the discrete design approach. To this end, a novel frame was proposed using the sum of square approach (SOS) to check the stability of the continuous Takagi Sugeno (TS) fuzzy models based on the discrete controller. Indeed, the control of the continuous TS fuzzy models is ensured by the discrete gains obtained from the Euler discrete form and based on the non-quadratic Lyapunov function. The simulation examples applied for various models, by modifying the order of the Euler discrete fuzzy system, are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.
The Choice Models of the Mobilization Point about Diversified Mobilization Materials Demand

In this study, we propose the algorithm which could solve the problem of the mobilization production task with little mobilization point after adding the adjustment conditions. Moreover, the model result is not only extremely meaningful to the scheduling problem during mobilization production process, but also useful in the field of studying diversified emergency material combination scheduling, etc. In all, with our method, litter mobilization point can increase the stability of the system and reduce the outside disturbance to the material mobilization.
On Global Electricity Usage of Communication Technology: Trends to 2030

This work presents an estimation of the global electricity usage that can be ascribed to Communication Technology (CT) between 2010 and 2030. The scope is three scenarios for use and production of consumer devices, communication networks and data centers. Three different scenarios, best, expected, and worst, are set up, which include annual numbers of sold devices, data traffic and electricity intensities/efficiencies. The most significant trend, regardless of scenario, is that the proportion of use-stage electricity by consumer devices will decrease and will be transferred to the networks and data centers. Still, it seems like wireless access networks will not be the main driver for electricity use. The analysis shows that for the worst-case scenario, CT could use as much as 51% of global electricity in 2030. This will happen if not enough improvement in electricity efficiency of wireless access networks and fixed access networks/data centers is possible. However, until 2030, globally-generated renewable electricity is likely to exceed the electricity demand of all networks and data centers. Nevertheless, the present investigation suggests, for the worst-case scenario, that CT electricity usage could contribute up to 23% of the globally released greenhouse gas emissions in 2030.
Control of an active clamp discontinuous conduction mode flyback converter

Design of an active-clamp discontinuous conduction mode flyback converter (ADCMFC) is presented with the emphasis on output efficiency. The control of such a converter using PI, PID and LQR control had been explored. Both the simulation results and a practical circuit had been used to verify the design and the performance of the converter. Further suggestion of using neuro-fuzzy and generic type of controller is also proposed.
An Evaluation Method Based on Multi-Attributes Analysis with Stochastic Dominances for Improving the Information Quality

The virtual business work flow depends on information quality (IQ). Based on discussion with experts, six alternative strategies, these can be used for improving the IQ, have been designed. This study has presented the quantitative model suitable for group decision making. It takes into account multiple aspects of analyzed decision problem and uses PROMETHEE methodology for setting the preferences between alternatives. Results have been compared with the multiple criteria model based on stochastic dominances. Knowledge-based strategies for obtaining the benefits of this approach are demonstrated using the high-tech industry as a case study. This study suggests that external types of strategies like strategic networked alliance (suppliers or/and customers) are suitable to develop fair relationships with external subjects and explore the market. The case study showed that the proposed methodology is workable and useful for managerial practice.
Optimal Design of a 6-DOF Motion Simulator Based on Formulating Dynamic Index

Gough-Stewart platform (GSP) has been extensively used as motion simulators. In order to get good performance of the motion simulators, the dynamic characteristics are needed to be considered in the design process. This paper established a dynamic dexterity index based on the generalized mass matrix in the joint space, which is invariant under the change of units and has a physical meaning. The dynamic dexterity indexes can also be established in the similar way as other parallel robots with the only pure active joints. In the last, a motion simulator is optimized based on the dynamic dexterity index to satisfy the customer’s requirements by using real-coded genetic algorithms.