Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Numerical competencies in preschoolers with language difficulties

School children with specific language disorders (SLI) often experience massive learning difficulties that concern not only literacy but also numeracy. Since preschool basic numerical precursor competencies have a great influence on the later development of arithmetic at school, this chapter is interested in potential early difficulties in counting skills, numerical knowledge, understanding of quantities, and early arithmetic skills. Given the close link between learning difficulties and working memory, a second question is whether these potential early difficulties can be associated with functional problems of working memory. One of early childhood’s central developmental tasks lies in the development of language. Yet, not every child achieves the milestones of language development smoothly. Specific language disorders rank among the most frequently occurring developmental dysfunctions during childhood and adolescence, with a total incidence between 5% and 8%. Boys are affected three times as often as girls (Tomblin et al., 1997). The relevant individuals typically display anomalies in language acquisition which do not result from cognitive deficits, physical illness, impaired hearing, or lack of stimuli due to unfavorable or stressful surroundings. SLI is defined by a considerable deviation from normal speech and language development, both in quantity and in quality. Language production as well as language comprehension may be affected (World Health Organization, 2011). The most severe effects manifest themselves in the acquisition of grammatical structures, but also pragmatic competence may be affected (Leonard, 2014). Frequently, articulatory deficits can be detected; however, an isolated functional impairment of articulation does not justify the diagnosis of SLI (Leonard, 2014). Speech anomalies resulting from certain illnesses (i.e., autism) will be excluded from this consideration. These cases are rather referred to as unspecific or secondary language development impairments. Because of their speech difficulties, children suffering from SLI stand out at an early age. Language delay is a typical sign, along with a relatively small vocabulary and a late usage of phrases of two or more words (Desmarais et al., 2008). This initial deficit in language acquisition will further increase over the developmental course. While affected children show progress in language acquisition to some extent and are capable of understanding and producing simple sentences over the course of their development, they are never going to reach the level of individuals unaffected by SLI. Oftentimes, a number of accompanying
A System of Simultaneous Equations (SEM) for the Study of the Effectiveness of the Japanese Monetary Policy

In this paper, the authors study the effectiveness of the Japanese monetary policy set by the Bank of Japan (BOJ) to contrast the three major crises that the country has experienced since the second half of the 90s: that of the lost decade, that of 2008 and that of the Covid-19 pandemic. To this end, they use a particular type of mathematical-statistical model that is widely applied today in the economic field, namely a simultaneous equation model (SEM). This simultaneous equation model is estimated through an Iteratively reweighted least squares (IRLS) using quarterly historical series in the sample period Q1 1994 - Q2 2020. All data are in real terms. The results, appropriately compared with those of other authors, suggest that the monetary policy has a (limited) impact only on the interbank market. The fiscal policy, instead, has a greater ability to influence the money supply, the private consumption and the inflation expectations.
Improvement of Bread Making Properties by the Addition of Alginates

The addition of propylene glycol ester of alginic acid (PGA) or sodium alginate to wheat flour improved bread making properties such as bread height (mm) and specific volume (cm/g). When PGA or sodium alginate/wheat flour and control bread dough were baked at 210°C for 10 min, the temperature of the dough (70 _ 80°C) inactivates the yeast and thus gas production is stopped. However, the oven spring of PGA or sodium alginate/wheat flour bread dough continued for 30 min. The shrinkage of PGA or sodium alginate/wheat flour bread dough at 5 min of baking gradually decreased to zero at 30 min of baking; however, the shrinkage of the control decreased to almost zero at 15 min of baking. The larger addition of water in PGA or sodium alginate/wheat flour dough than in the control dough resulted in a longer time of gelatinization and protein denaturation than in the control dough during oven baking.
A Measurement Model of Successful Muslim Entrepreneur

Approximately 1.4 billion of the world's population lives on less than USD 1 per day, and since 50% of the poorest people are in Muslim countries, the solution is to increase successful Muslim entrepreneurs. Hence, this study aims to create a conceptual model through a literature review and descriptive-qualitative approach. These were employed to determine the indicators of successful Muslim entrepreneurs and the expected factors required to provide a positive and significant effect. Meanwhile, four factors and indicators, each considered to influence successful Muslim entrepreneurs, were identified. Subsequently, the results obtained were conceptual papers and hypotheses that required testing to ensure correctness. It was also used to produce new constructs validated for the individuals and communities of Muslim entrepreneurs. Therefore, this conceptual model is hoped to motivate new, future research and has also been enhanced as a pioneer that has attempted to construct a model for successful Muslim entrepreneurs. Finally, a conceptual model was created, which is the initial contribution to solving poverty among the Muslim population in the world. International Journal of Islamic Business and Economics Available at http://e-journal.iainpekalongan. ac.id/index.php/IJIBEC ISSN 2599-3216 E-ISSN 2615-420X Vol 5 No 1 2021
Ecoacoustics as a novel tool for assessing pond restoration success: Results of a pilot study

1. Ecoacoustics is increasingly being used to monitor species populations and to estimate biodiversity in marine ecosystems, but the underwater soundscapes of freshwater environments remain largely unexplored in this respect. Few studies exist concerning the acoustic diversity of ponds, but because aquatic plants and many arthropods such as Coleoptera and Hemiptera are known to produce sound, there is potential to use ecoacoustic techniques to monitor changes in biodiversity and conservation value. 2. This pilot study compares the underwater soundscapes of recently restored open-canopy ponds and unmanaged highly terrestrialized ponds situated in an arable agricultural landscape of North Norfolk, UK, in order to assess the benefits of farmland pond restoration. 3. Daytime sound recordings were made for 10 min in each pond and analysed primarily for arthropod stridulations. In addition, six commonly used acoustic indices were calculated to assess the soundscape biodiversity between the unmanaged and the restored ponds. The stridulations of three diving beetle species (Dytiscidae) were recorded in tank studies to assess the potential for individual species recognition from underwater sound capture. 4. Sound-type richness and abundance, as estimated by visually and aurally identifying arthropod stridulation from spectrograms, were significantly higher in the restored open-canopy ponds compared with the unmanaged terrestrialized ponds. In addition, the acoustic indices ‘ acoustic complexity ’ and ‘ biodiversity index ’ were significantly higher in restored open-canopy ponds than in unmanaged terrestrialized ponds. The three dytiscid
Comparing the effects of saffron, lippia, and saffron-lippia combination on anxiety among candidates for coronary angiography

Objective: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is among the most prevalent diseases in the world, and its severity is usually assessed through coronary angiography (CA). Anxiety is the most prevalent problem before angiography. The aim of this study was to evaluate Crocus sativus (saffron) and Lippia citriodora Kunth (lippia) extracts and saffron-lippia extract combination on anxiety among the candidates for CA. Materials and Methods: This double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial in four month was conducted on 120 angiography candidates in Valiasr hospital, Birjand, Iran. The random allocation was doing through block randomization to saffron, lippia, saffron-lippia, and placebo groups; four hours before angiography, participants in these groups respectively received a single dose of saffron extract capsule (40 mg), lippia extract capsule (40 mg), saffron-lippia extract capsule (20 mg saffron and 20 mg lippia), and lactulose capsule (40 mg). Participants’ anxiety was assessed before, thirty minutes after, and three hours after the intervention via Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Results: The mean scores of state, trait, and total anxiety in the saffron group reduced significantly (p<0.05), while the mean scores in the other groups did not change significantly, except for the mean score of trait anxiety in the saffron-lippia group which decreased significantly (p=0.05). Therefore, after the intervention, the mean scores of state, trait, and total anxiety in the saffron group were significantly lower than the other groups (all, p<0.05). Conclusion: This study suggests that the oral use of a single-dose of 40 mg saffron extract is effective in alleviating anxiety among the candidates for CA.
Analysis of Internal Signal Perturbations in DC/DC and DC/AC Converters under Arc Fault

The constant increase in electrical energy consumption has led to a growth of photovoltaic installations (PV) along with the corresponding power converters for proper operation. Power electronics converters represent a challenge to maintain the system’s performance and safety; one such problem is series DC Arc Fault (AF). DC AFs lead to fire risk, damaging the main bus and the loads when not detected and interrupted in time. Therefore, research about DC AFs in power electronics converters must be carried out to predict the behavior and help avoid damage to the system. In this work, an innovative hybrid multilevel inverter for PV applications is used to explore the effect of series DC AFs in the converters’ internal signals, with the aims of setting the bases for the development of a detection system for power electronics. Both stages of conversion (DC/DC and DC/AC) are presented. In addition, the placement of the MPPT converter was considered for the tests. The AF experimental tests were performed with a generator based on the UL1699B specifications. The measurements of signals were performed in strategic points of the DC side, and changes and how to exploit them are discussed. This study contributes to a better understanding of the DC AF phenomenon and provides new insights for the development of new PV system protections.
Changes in Testicular Biometry, Steroid Hormones and Receptor Expression in the Peripubertal Period of Indigenous Tenyi-vo Male Pigs of North-eastern Himalayan Region in India

Present study was conducted to characterize the testicular changes in the peripubertal period in Tenyi-vo, a miniature size pig of North-eastern Himalayan (NEH) region of India. A total of twenty-four male pigs were randomly selected and categorised for castration at different age groups, G1 (Days 30-45), G2 (Days 60-65), G3 (Days 80-100) and G4 (Days 150-160), n=6 each category. Paired testes and epididymis were used for the assessment of biometry, cauda epididymal spermiogram, testicular histology and relative expression of the androgen receptor (AR), estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ), aromatase (CYP19A1), and insulin like growth factor-1β receptor (IGF-1R) in qPCR. Plasma testosterone (T), estradiol (E2), tri-iodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), and cortisol concentrations were estimated on the day of castration in each group of male using commercial ELISA kits. In pigs of G2, a greater testicular weight, volume, epididymis weight was observed relative to G1. The presence of live spermatozoa at 1240.9±304.2×106/mLconcentration with 0.65% proximal droplets was recorded as early as day 60. The concentration of T increased steadily over the age of G1 to G4 and a significantly higher concentration was observed in G4 relative to the other categories. Among the transcripts analysed in the testis, the relative fold change of AR was 10.8 fold in G2, which was subsequently reduced in G3 and then down-regulated in G4. CYP19A1 was abundantly expressed in the testis and the fold change ranged from 41-54 fold, although it did not differ significantly from 60-150 days of age. Further, the presence of well-developed seminiferous tubules was evident in the Tenyi-vo male from day 60 onward with a body weight as low as 4.28 kg. The study concluded that the male of Tenyi-vo pig attained puberty at the earliest age of 60 days.
Comparison of amniotic membrane transplantation with and without cultured limbal epithelium for persistent corneal ulcers

Abstract This study compared the clinical outcomes of amniotic membrane transplantation with and without cultured limbal epithelium for persistent corneal ulcers. The study included 30 patients that were assigned to either human amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) only or a two-step cultured limbal epithelial transplant (CLET) with amniotic membrane carrier. The patients underwent a comprehensive ocular examination, Cochet-Bonnet esthesiometry, impression cytology and anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT). Slit-lamp images before and after treatment were analyzed using ImageJ to compare the fibrovascular tissue area. The state of epithelialization was assessed by fluorescein staining on day 30. Mean age of patients was 64 ± 20.39 in the AMT group and 55.17 ± 14.51 in the CLET group (p = 0.16). Visual acuity improved significantly in both groups after treatment, but the improvement was significantly greater in the CLET group (p = 0.022). Impression cytology demonstrated PAS + cells in the corneal epithelium in 9 patients from the CLET group and 10 patients in the AMT group (p = 0.704). Cochet-Bonnet esthesiometry increased significantly after treatment with a similar rate between groups (p = 0.435). Improvement with reduction of the fibrovascular tissue area was achieved in both groups (p < 0.01 and p = 0.001 in the CLET and AMT group, respectively). Independent samples T-test demonstrated a greater reduction in the CLET group (p = 0.028). Kaplan-Meier analysis of epithelialization demonstrated higher success rate in the CLET group (p = 0.006). Persistent corneal ulcers could be associated with partial limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD). In refractory cases, CLET should be the preferred treatment option with more sustainable results regarding corneal epithelialization and stromal scarring.
Sistem Monitoring Penempatan Lokasi Parkir Kendaraan Berbasis IoT

Permasalahan yang sering terjadi pada sistem perparkiran saat ini adalah kurangnya informasi mengenai status ketersediaan lahan parkir, yang walaupun ada begitu banyak sistem dan aplikasi yang bermunculan namun masalah ini tetap saja tidak teratasi dengan baik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah merancang dan merealisasikan model sistem monitoring perparkiran yang berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) dengan mengkombinasikan metode Optical Character Recognition (OCR) dan metode Learning Vector Quantization (LVQ). Sistem yang dikembangkan ini akan memberikan informasi secara detail mengenai tempat dan juga status ketersediaan area parkir melalui website. Penggunaan sensor proximity dan juga kamera pada area parkir berfungsi untuk mendeteksi objek dan melakukan pengambilan gambar sedangkan untuk metode Optical Character Recognition (OCR) dan juga metode Learning Vector Quantization (LVQ) digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi kedaraan yang masuk ke area parkir. Pengujian sistem dilakukan menggunakan black-box testing yang disertai dengan simulasi miniatu­re area parkir. Dari pengujian data training didapat tingkat keberhasilannya sebesar 100% untuk 10 data yang digunakan sedangkan untuk pengujian data testing terkait dengan fitur booking mendapatkan hasil persentase sebesar 100% dan proses identifikasi kendaran dengan akurasi ketepatan sebesar 80%. Hasil pengujian secara keseluruhan sistem monitoring penempatan lokasi parkir dapat menampilkan kondisi dan juga status ketersediaan area parkir pada website.
Determining the Household Consumption Expenditure’s Resilience towards Petrol Price, Disposable Income and Exchange Rate Volatilities

One of the core objectives of economic development is to improve people’s standards of living. However, both standards of living and consumption expenditures are often determined by disposable income, crude oil prices and exchange rate volatility. The current paper employed quarterly time series data from 2002 to 2020 to analyse the responsiveness of household consumption expenditure to the petrol price, disposable income and exchange rate volatility in South African. The empirical outcome suggested that a long-run relationship exists between variables under consideration. Additionally, the current level of consumption expenditure was found to be determined by income level and exchange rate volatility whilst changes in petrol price had no significant effect on short-term consumption expenditure. Based on these findings, the study suggests that the South African policymakers and government authorities implement policies and strategies that enhance both household income and exchange rate. Those strategies may include strengthening the country’s currency, production improvement, inflation rate reduction, and the creation of job opportunities.
Pooled analyses of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and efficacy from the phase 3 trials IMpower130, IMpower132, and IMpower150.

9002 Background: PD-L1/PD-1 inhibitors have transformed the treatment (tx) of advanced NSCLC. Evidence suggests that the occurrence of irAEs with these agents may predict improved outcomes in cancers such as NSCLC. Atezolizumab (atezo; anti–PD-L1) has shown efficacy and tolerability in NSCLC and is currently approved in the 1L and 2L+ settings. The Ph 3 IMpower130, IMpower132 and IMpower150 trials evaluated atezo + chemo ± bevacizumab (bev) as 1L tx of NSCLC. We explore the association between irAEs and efficacy in these trials. Methods: Each trial enrolled tx-naive patients (pts) with nonsquamous stage IV NSCLC. Pts were randomized to: carboplatin (carbo) + nab-paclitaxel alone or with atezo in IMpower130; carbo or cisplatin alone or with atezo in IMpower132; atezo (A) + bev (B) + carbo + paclitaxel (CP), ACP or BCP in IMpower150. Data were pooled (data cutoffs: Mar 15 2018 [IMpower130]; May 22 2018 [IMpower132]; Sep 13 2019 [IMpower150]) and analyzed by tx (atezo-containing vs control) and irAE status. A time-dependent Cox model and landmark analyses at 1, 3, 6 and 12 mo were used to control for immortal bias. Study protocols required atezo tx interruption/discontinuation for grade (Gr) ≥3 irAEs. Results: 2503 pts were included in the analysis (atezo, n = 1577; control, n = 926). In both arms, baseline characteristics were generally balanced between pts with irAEs (atezo, n = 753; control, n = 289) and without irAEs (atezo, n = 824; control, n = 637). Any-Gr irAEs occurred in 48% (atezo) and 32% (control) of pts; Gr 3-5 irAEs occurred in 11% (atezo) and 5% (control). The most common irAEs (atezo vs control) were rash (28% vs 18%), hepatitis (lab abnormalities; 15% vs 10%) and hypothyroidism (12% vs 4%). Median time to onset of first irAE was 1.7 (atezo) vs 1.4 mo (control). OS HRs (95% CI) from the time-dependent Cox model between pts with vs without irAEs were 0.69 (0.60, 0.78) in the atezo arm and 0.82 (0.68, 0.99) in the control arm; after excluding rash (perceived as the least specific irAE), OS HRs (95% CI) were 0.75 (0.65, 0.87) and 0.90 (0.71, 1.12), respectively. OS landmark data are in the Table. Conclusions: In this exploratory pooled analysis, pts with irAEs had longer OS vs pts without irAEs in the atezo-containing and control arms per the time-dependent Cox model and landmark analyses; this trend remained for the atezo arm after excluding rash. Landmark analyses suggest that in the atezo arm, pts with Gr 1/2 irAEs had the longest OS and pts with Gr ≥3 irAEs had the shortest OS, potentially due to tx interruption/discontinuation. Clinical trial information: NCT02367781; NCT02657434; NCT02366143. [Table: see text]
Udział synaps elektrycznych w generowaniu hipokampalnego rytmu theta in vivo

W obecnych doświadczeniach badano rol. synaps elektrycznych formacji hipokampa w generowaniu lokalnie rejestrowanego rytmu theta u swobodnie poruszających się kotów. Dohipokampalne mikroiniekcje karbenoksolonu oraz chininy (30|ag/l „ 1) odwracalnie obniżały amplitudę i moc hipokampalnego rytmu theta występującego spontanicznie, jak i wywołanego drażnieniem czuciowym czy elektrycznym formacji siatkowatej śródmózgowia. Hamujący wpływ ujawnił się w 30 minut po mikroiniekcji i obserwowany był przez około 9 godzin od podania każdego z zastosowanych środków farmakologicznych. Następnie oba parametry aktywności rytmicznej stopniowo wracały do wartości kontrolnych. Częstotliwość rytmu nie ulegała zmianom przez cały czas doświadczeń. Wyniki uzyskane w obecnych badaniach dostarczają pierwszych bezpośrednich dowodów wskazujących na istotny udział synaps elektrycznych formacji hipokampa w mechanizmach synchronizacji leżących u podstaw generowania rytmu theta w warunkach in vivo.
Novel methods to enhance surgical sperm retrieval: a systematic review

ABSTRACT Objectives: To explore the use of novel technologies in sperm retrieval in men with azoospermia due to a production defect. Methods: We performed a Preferred Reporting Items for Systemic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA)-compliant systemic literature review for manuscripts focussed on novel sperm-retrieval methods. We identified 30 studies suitable for qualitative analysis. Results and Conclusions: We identified multiple new promising technologies, each with its own distinct set of benefits and limitations, to enhance chances of sperm retrieval; these include the use of multiphoton microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and full-field optical coherence tomography during a microdissection-testicular sperm extraction procedure. ORBEYE and ultrasonography technologies can also serve to better visualise areas of sperm production. Finally, artificial intelligence technology can play a role in the identification of sperm and, perhaps, better-quality sperm for use with assisted reproduction. Abbreviations: AI: artificial intelligence; ANN: artificial neural network; ART: assisted reproductive technology; 3D: three-dimensional; DNN: deep neural networks; FFOCT: full-field optical coherence tomography; H&E: haematoxylin and eosin; ICSI: intracytoplasmic sperm injection; IVF: in vitro fertilisation; MESA: micro-epididymal sperm aspiration; MeSH: Medical Subject Heading; MPM: multiphoton microscopy; (N)OA: (non-)obstructive azoospermia; SCO: Sertoli cell-only syndrome; SRR: sperm retrieval rates; TESA: testicular sperm aspiration; (micro-)TESE: (microdissection-) testicular sperm extraction; (CE)US: (contrast-enhanced) ultrasonography