Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Phase field simulation on grain growth with particles located on grain boundaries

The grain size is a key characteristic to strongly affect the mechanical properties and performance, and the presence of additional phases plays an important role in affecting the microstructure evolution. In this work, a phase field model was adopted for immobile second-phase particles distributed at grain boundaries and analysed its pinning effect on polycrystalline grain growth. According to the size and distribution characteristics of second-phase particles in extruded AZ80 magnesium alloy, the effects of the particle morphology, particle size and volume fraction on the grain growth were investigated. The results showed that small-sized rod high-dispersion particles exhibit a stronger pinning effect on grain boundary migration. In addition, the generalised Zener relation of R lim = 2.49r sp/f sp −0.322 was obtained for the particles located at grain boundaries.
The dynamics of small bodies suspended in low Reynolds number flows: Applications in physics and biology

We live in a fluid world. The vast majority of our body is fluid as the vast majority of our external environment is. From any single cell to complex ecosystems, we belong to a fluid reality. Hence, most of the phenomena that surround us and constitute our existence, have to do, in one way or another, with fluids. And we know they comprise a rich and complex world. This Thesis has been an exploration of that world. We have asked ourselves questions about the dynamics of bodies in fluid lows; questions about their transport, growth, mixing, reaction, control and cooperative behavior. To answer these questions, we have developed and explored appropriate theoretical frameworks. We have analyzed and modelled a variety of instances in which the motion of a body in a fluid environment determines a given process. In the process, I believe, we have also opened new and interesting questions to be answered in the future. We have directed our exploration towards two goals: On one hand, the solution of different fluid. On the other hand, the exploration of an increasing complexity of the internal dynamics of the studied bodies and of the fluid body interaction. Our motivating problems have been of widely interdisciplinary nature. We have explored technological applications in the miniaturization industry, biological processes that determines the left right pattering of our body plan, micro-ecological instances where cooperative behavior enhances colony survival, crystallization of inorganic substances where fluid mediated symmetry breaking events take place and subtle mechanisms that lead to an inhomogeneous distribution of passive particle in three dimensional chaotic flows. What did I learn? First of all I learned to explore. I have learned to look for the appropriate tools in order to progress between each landmark in my road. From classical hydrodynamics to dynamical systems methods. From numerical simulations to direct experimentation. Above all, I found in the synergia of theoretical thinking, numerical simulations and laboratory experiments, the most exciting and eficient way into the scientific knowledge.
A Steerable and Electromagnetically Tracked Catheter: Navigation Performance Compared With Image Fusion in a Swine Model

Purpose: Cannulation of visceral vessels is necessary during fenestrated and branched endovascular aortic repair. In an attempt to reduce the associated radiation and contrast dose, an electromagnetically (EM) trackable and manually steerable catheter has been developed. The purpose of this preclinical swine study was to evaluate the cannulation performance and compare the cannulation performance using either EM tracking or image fusion as navigation tools. Materials and Methods: Both renal arteries, the superior mesenteric artery, and the celiac trunk were attempted to be cannulated using a 7F steerable, EM trackable catheter in 3 pigs. Seven operators attempted cannulation using first 3-dimensional (3D) image navigation with EM tracking and then conventional image fusion guidance. The rate of successful cannulation was recorded, as well as procedure time and radiation exposure. Due to the lack of an EM trackable guidewire, cannulations that required more than 1 attempt were attempted only with image fusion. The EM tracking position data were registered to preoperative 3D images using a vessel-based registration algorithm. Results: A total of 72 cannulations were attempted with both methods, and 79% (57) were successful on the first attempt for both techniques. There was no difference in cannulation rate (p=1), and time-use was similar. Successful cannulation with image fusion was achieved in 97% of cases when multiple attempts were allowed. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the feasibility of a steerable and EM trackable catheter with 3D image navigation. Navigation performance with EM tracking was similar to image fusion, without statistically significant differences in cannulation rates and procedure times. Further studies are needed to demonstrate this utility in patients with aortic disease. Clinical Impact Electromagnetic tracking in combination with a novel steerable catheter reduces radiation and contrast media doses while providing three-dimensional visualization and agile navigation during endovascular aortic procedures.
AlxGa1−xN-based avalanche photodiodes with high reproducible avalanche gain

The authors report high performance solar-blind photodetectors with reproducible avalanche gain as high as 1560 under ultraviolet illumination. The solar-blind photodetectors have a sharp cutoff around 276nm. The dark currents of the 40μm diameter devices are measured to be lower than 8fA for bias voltages up to 20V. The responsivity of the photodetectors is 0.13A∕W at 272nm under 20V reverse bias. The thermally limited detectivity is calculated as D*=1.4×1014cmHz1∕2W−1 for a 40μm diameter device.
Injectable and Self-Invigorating Hydrogel Applications in Dentistry and Periodontal Regeneration: A Literature Review

Hydrogels are thought of as unique polymers utilized to build new materials, and two key factors that impact their features are their hydrophilicity and the degree of cross-linking of the polymer chains. An injectable hydrogel is based on the hypothesis that certain biomaterials can be injected into the body as a liquid and progressively solidify there. The scientific research community was intrigued and interested by its discovery. The hydrophilic polymers that are used to make hydrogels can typically be split into two groups: natural polymers derived from tissues or other sources of natural materials, and synthetic polymers produced by combining principles from organic chemistry and molecular engineering. A variety of organic and synthetic biomaterials, such as chitosan, collagen or gelatin, alginate, hyaluronic acid, heparin, chondroitin sulfate, polyethylene glycol, and polyvinyl alcohol, are used to generate injectable hydrogels. A promising biomaterial for the therapeutic injection of cells and bioactive chemicals for tissue regeneration in both dentistry and medicine, injectable hydrogels have recently attracted attention. Since injectable scaffolds can be implanted with less invasive surgery, their application is seen as a viable strategy in the regeneration of craniofacial tissue. Treatment for periodontitis that effectively promotes periodontal regeneration involves injecting a hydrogel that contains medications with simultaneous anti-inflammatory and tissue-regenerating capabilities. The advantages of injectable hydrogel for tissue engineering are enhanced by the capability of three-dimensional encapsulation. A material's injectability can be attributed to a variety of mechanisms. The hydrogels work well to reduce inflammation and promote periodontal tissue regeneration.
Optimization design of a bionic horse’s leg system driven by a cam-linkage mechanism

For equine-assisted therapy, a bionic horse configuration is presented. A bionic horse’s single leg system has two degrees of freedom (DOFs), which is driven by a cam-linkage mechanism and can adjust the leg’s endpoint trajectory. Based on analyzing the motion law of the bionic horse and the foot trajectory’s requirements of the leg system, a multi-objective optimization model is established based on the foot trajectory performance index. To determine the objective function, the errors between the ideal foot trajectory and the mechanism motion model’s foot trajectory, and the errors between the actual adjustable values and the target values for the motion range are taken as the optimization objective. In terms of the constraint conditions, the structural constraints, kinematic feasible region conditions, pressure angle requirements, et al., are considered. The ideal mechanism parameters are obtained by the intelligent optimization method. The results are verified by simulation modeling and experimental prototype, and the relevant ideas can provide a reference for the research of similar problems.
The Effect of Omni-channel Value Perception and Customer Engagement on Customer Commitment, Mediated by Customer Trust

This research aimed to analyse and reveal the influence of omni-channel perceived value and consumer engagement on customer trust and the implications thereof on customer commitment at BUKU IV banks in Jabodetabek, which are commercial banks based on business activities. The research employed a quantitative descriptive approach and a causal technique to a sample of 245 respondents. Structural equation modelling using the Lisrel Program was utilized as the method of data analysis. According to the research results, the omni-channel perceived value and basic consumer engagement partially or cooperatively impacted customer trust at BUKU IV banks in Jabodetabek with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 82%. Likewise, omni-channel perceived value, consumer engagement and customer trust partially and jointly affected customer commitment at BUKU IV banks in Jabodetabek, in a way that was both positive and significant, with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 95%. This research thus proved that to increase customer commitment, it is necessary to increase omni-channel perceived value, consumer engagement and customer trust.
30-Day Post-Operative Complications of Facial Fracture Repairs: A United States Database Study

Study Design Cross-sectional database analysis. Objective To define post-operative complication rates in facial fracture repair and to assess this data for patient characteristics which may be associated with post-operative complications. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort analysis of the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2019. All patients included in this study sample must have (a) been ≥18 years old and (b) underwent surgical repair of a facial fracture during the study period by a plastic surgeon or otolaryngologist. Adverse outcomes at 30 days were characterized into four groups: superficial surgical site infection (SSI), deep SSI, organ space infection, and wound disruption. Results In total, 2481 patients met the primary outcome of facial fracture. Among the four fracture types assessed, 1090 fractures (43.9%) were mandibular, 721 were zygomatic (29.1%), 638 were orbital (25.7%), and 32 (1.3%) were Lefort. Of the entire cohort, 25 patients (1.01%) experienced a superficial SSI, 14 patients (.56%) presented with a deep SSI, 25 fractures (1.01%) returned with an organ space infection, and 23 patients (.93%) experienced some type of wound disruption. Smokers had a significantly higher risk of superficial SSIs (P < .05) and organ space infections (P < .05). Conclusions The majority of facial fracture patients do not experience post-operative complications. However, smokers and patients with diabetes mellitus were shown to be at an elevated risk of developing complications. Future research should further investigate this relationship and focus on developing interventions to improve post-operative outcomes.
Protective Effect of Fish Gut Hydrolysates from Olive Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) Surimi Byproducts Against AAPH-Induced Oxidative Stress in In Vitro and In Vivo Zebrafish Models

ABSTRACT Olive flounder is a common surimi industry related fish species in South Korea that generates a considerable amount of solid waste. To maximize the utilization of olive flounder gut (OFG) byproducts, OFG was subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis. Antioxidant activity of the obtained hydrolysates was evaluated to investigate radical scavenging activity (RSA), and in vitro experiments were conducted on 2,2’-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride-stimulated Vero cells. Protamex hydrolysates showed a strong RSA (IC50 value of 94.96 ± 1.60 µg/mL) with a significant reduction in oxidative stress in in vitro and in vivo zebrafish models. OFG byproducts have potential for industrial application as antioxidative agents.
Select Topics in Quantum Gravity : A Maiden Voyage

We study selected aspects of Theoretical Physics confronting some key issues related to the fundamental interactions along the line of Black Holes (BHs) and Attractors and its thread may be found in the concepts of Supersymmetry, Supergravity and Holography which encompass all of String theory and Quantum gravity. Then we also had an encounter with maximally symmetric spaces in General Relativity such as de Sitter and we did some significant computation in this backdrop which is tempting to pursue keeping in mind the recent observational data in favor of inflationary picture of the Universe.
Resolving some paradoxes and problems with Bayesian precise hypothesis testing

Bayesian hypothesis testing of a precise null hypothesis suffers from a paradox discovered by Jeffreys (1939), Lindley (1957) and Bartlett (1957). This paradox appears to indicate that the usual priors, both proper and improper, are inappropriate for testing precise null hypotheses, and lead to difficulties in specifying prior distributions that could be widely accepted as appropriate in this situation. This paper considers an alternative hypothesis testing procedure and derives the Bayes factor for this procedure, which turns out to be B = p(? 0 | x)/sup? [p(? i | x)], the ratio of the posterior density function evaluated at the value in the null hypothesis, ? 0, and evaluated at its supremum. This leads to a Bayesian hypothesis testing procedure in which the Jeffreys-Lindley-Bartlett paradox does not occur. Further, under the proposed procedure, the prior does not depend on the hypotheses to be tested, there is no need to place non-zero mass on a particular point in a continuous distribution, and the same hypothesis testing procedure applies for all continuous and discrete distributions. Further, the resulting test procedure is robust to reasonable variations in the prior, uniformly most powerful and easy to interpret correctly in practice. Several examples are given to illustrate the use and performance of the test. A justification for the proposed procedure is given based on the argument that scientific inference always at least implicitly involves and requires precise alternative working hypotheses.
Efficient superdense coding in the presence of non-Markovian noise

Many quantum information tasks rely on entanglement, which is used as a resource, for example, to enable efficient and secure communication. Typically, noise, accompanied by loss of entanglement, reduces the efficiency of quantum protocols. We develop and demonstrate experimentally a superdense coding scheme with noise, where the decrease of entanglement in Alice's encoding state does not reduce the efficiency of the information transmission. Having an almost fully dephased classical two-photon polarization state at the time of encoding with concurrence of , we reach values of mutual information close to with 3-state (4-state) encoding. This high efficiency relies both on non-Markovian features, that Bob exploits just before his Bell state measurement, and on very high visibility of the Hong-Ou-Mandel interference within the experimental set-up. Our proof-of-principle results with measurements on mutual information pave the way for exploiting non-Markovianity to improve the efficiency and security of quantum information processing tasks.
Nondominated Sorting Differential Evolution Algorithm to Solve the Biobjective Multi-AGV Routing Problem in Hazardous Chemicals Warehouse

For the multiple automated guided vehicle (multi-AGV) routing problems in the warehousing link of logistics, where the optimization objective is to minimize both the number of AGVs used and the maximum pickup time simultaneously, a nondominant sorting differential evolution (NSDE) algorithm is proposed. In the encoding and decoding stages, the pickup point area is divided. AGVs are allocated to each region according to the proposed rule based on avoiding duplicate paths. Meanwhile, the pickup points within the region can be adjusted to optimize the pickup paths and improve the pickup efficiency. The fast nondominated sorting method and elitist selection strategy in the nondominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) are introduced into the differential evolution algorithm, which sorts all the regions to obtain the best Pareto solution set. Lastly, the domination of the proposed NSDE algorithm in Pareto frontier evaluation indicators is verified by some numerical experiments.
SAXSFit: A program for fitting small-angle x-ray and neutron scattering data

SAXSFit is a computer analysis program that has been developed to assist in the fitting of small-angle x-ray and neutron scattering spectra primarily from nanoparticles (nanopores). The fitting procedure yields the pore or particle size distribution and eta parameter for one or two size distributions (which can be log-normal, Schulz, or Gaussian). A power-law and/or constant background can also be included. The program is written in Java so as to be stand-alone and platform-independent, and is designed to be easy for novices to use, with a user-friendly graphical interface.
FDA-Approved Pharmacotherapy for Weight Loss Over the Last Decade

Obesity is a recently defined illness whose diagnosis and treatment continue to be stigmatized. Currently, due to lifestyle changes brought on by technological advancements and the wide availability and affordability of high-calorie foods, millions of people around the world suffer from obesity and/or its sequelae. Finding adequate prevention and treatment options would therefore lead to massive improvements in the duration and quality of life of affected individuals. In this review, we searched the PubMed database for studies exploring the safety and efficacy of the five medications currently approved by the FDA for the treatment of obesity. We included only studies pertaining to adult patients that have been published between 2012 and 2022. We found evidence that all the drugs analyzed such as orlistat, phentermine/topiramate, naltrexone/bupropion, liraglutide, and semaglutide appear to be effective in inducing weight loss, with the suggestion that semaglutide may have superior efficacy. However, a massive obstacle in developing treatment guidelines remains the lack of prolonged studies monitoring the long-term safety and efficacy of obesity medications. Nevertheless, in patients at risk of complications from obesity, the benefits of losing fat mass may outweigh the potential side effects associated with these medications and clinicians should prescribe whichever of the FDA-approved pharmacotherapy they deem most appropriate for the patient’s specific set of circumstances.
Qualitative Oral-Presentation Feedback: Comparisons from Business Professionals, Instructors, and Student Peers

Previous studies compare quantitative feedback ratings of student peers and instructors, but new presentation-feedback technologies enable qualitative-feedback comparison. This study extends previous research by comparing qualitative feedback and business professionals’ feedback. Compared to the professionals, the instructors provided similar feedback types and sentiment; students, however, de-emphasized message delivery and made fewer suggestions for improvement. The results suggest that students may need additional practice in critiquing message delivery and in suggesting needed improvements in their peers’ oral presentations. The study also provides a methodology using the new technologies for instructors to calibrate their own and their students’ feedback with professionals’ feedback.
Evaluation of performance characteristics of polymer-modified slurry seal (PMSS) by replacing filler with ceramic waste powder

In this article, the results of a laboratory study performed on the PMSS mixture containing ceramic waste powder (CWP) as a filler substitute compared to asphalt prepared with mineral aggregate powder (MAP) were presented. The tests performed were; wet cohesion test, wet-track abrasion test, loaded wheel test-displacement and loaded wheel test-sand adhesion. The above mentioned tests were conducted in five groups of PMSS mixture containing 10% MAP, 7.5% MAP + 2.5% CWP, 5% MAP + 5% CWP, 2.5% MAP + 7.5% CWP and 10% CWP based on total aggregate weight. The experiments results clearly exhibited that the samples containing CWP were well compatible with the bitumen emulsion and improved the performance of PMSS mixture. On average, the performance of PMSS mixture containing 10% CWP in cohesion, abrasion resistance, displacement resistance and bleeding reduction was 33.3, 62.0, 41.3 and 31% higher than the control mixture, respectively.
Regulated power supply for energy harvesting using bidirectional chopper

In this study, we evaluated the characteristics of energy harvesting sources and proposed the improvement of power generation and the effective utilization of energy harvesting. There are two drawbacks to energy harvesting: a power drop due to impedance mismatch with the load and an unstable device power supply to the instability of generated power. To solve the problems, we improved the impedance matching of energy harvesting by controlling the maximum power point tracking of thermoelectric devices and realized a stable power supply by using a bidirectional chopper and a storage battery. The amount of power generated was improved when the maximum power point tracking control was applied to thermoelectric devices.
The Bull and the Bear: Summarizing Stock Market Discussions

Stock market investors debate and heavily discuss stock ideas, investing strategies, news and market movements on social media platforms. The discussions are significantly longer in length and require extensive domain expertise for understanding. In this paper, we curate such discussions and construct a first-of-its-kind of abstractive summarization dataset. Our curated dataset consists of 7888 Reddit posts and manually constructed summaries for 400 posts. We robustly evaluate the summaries and conduct experiments on SOTA summarization tools to showcase their limitations. We plan to make the dataset publicly available. The sample dataset is available here: https://dhyeyjani.github. io/RSMC