Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Einstein@Home all-sky search for periodic gravitational waves in LIGO S5 data

This paper presents results of an all-sky search for periodic gravitational waves in the frequency range [50, 1190] Hz and with frequency derivative range of similar to[-20, 1.1] x 10(-10) Hz s(-1) for the fifth LIGO science run (S5). The search uses a noncoherent Hough-transform method to combine the information from coherent searches on time scales of about one day. Because these searches are very computationally intensive, they have been carried out with the Einstein@Home volunteer distributed computing project. Postprocessing identifies eight candidate signals; deeper follow-up studies rule them out. Hence, since no gravitational wave signals have been found, we report upper limits on the intrinsic gravitational wave strain amplitude h(0). For example, in the 0.5 Hz-wide band at 152.5 Hz, we can exclude the presence of signals with h(0) greater than 7.6 x 10(-25) at a 90% confidence level. This search is about a factor 3 more sensitive than the previous Einstein@Home search of early S5 LIGO data.
Evaluating children with vestibular migraine through vestibular test battery: A cross-sectional investigation

Objective The present study aimed to investigate the status of vestibular function in children with vestibular migraine of childhood (VMC) reflected by vestibular function test battery and explore the pathophysiological implication of these instrument-based findings. Methods The clinical data of 22 children (mean age 10.7 ± 2.9 years) with VMC who met the diagnostic criteria of the Barany Society were collected from September 2021 to March 2022. A vestibular function test battery on these children included a caloric test, video head impulse test (vHIT), cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP), and ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (oVEMP); these parameters were triggered by air-conducted sound (ACS) and galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS). The subjects were further divided into two groups: <3 months and >3 months according to the disease duration from symptom onset. The functional abnormalities and their characteristics reflected by the vestibular test battery, as well as the outcomes in children with or without aura, were analyzed. Results (1) The abnormal rate of the caloric test was 15.8% and that of vHIT was 0%. The response rates of ACS-cVEMP and ACS-oVEMP were 100% and 90.5%, respectively. The response rates of GVS-cVEMP and GVS-oVEMP were 100% and 88.9%, respectively. (2) No statistical difference was observed in the abnormal rate of the caloric test (P = 0.55) and the response rate of ACS-oVEMP (P = 0.21) between the two groups, irrespective of the course duration. (3) No statistical difference was detected in the abnormal rate of the caloric test (P = 0.53) and the response rate of ACS-oVEMP (P = 1.00) in children with or without aura. Conclusion Vestibular function status comprehensively reported by the vestibular test battery did not show an aggravation with the disease duration in children with VMC. Also, it was not affected by the existence of aura in children with VMC. The high abnormal rates of the caloric test and oVEMPs (ACS-oVEMP and GVS-oVEMP) suggested that the lateral semicircular canal (low-frequency function component), the utricle, and the superior vestibular conduction pathway might be involved in VMC.
Metal-Rich SX Phe stars in the Kepler Field

A spectroscopic and photometric analysis has been carried out for thirty-two candidate SX_Phe variable blue straggler stars in the Kepler-field (Balona & Nemec 2012). Radial velocities (RVs), space motions (U,V,W), projected rotation velocities (v sin i), spectral types, and atmospheric characteristics (T_eff, log g, [Fe/H], xi_t, zeta_RT, etc.) are presented for 30 of the 32 stars. Although several stars are metal-weak with extreme halo orbits, the mean [Fe/H] of the sample is near solar, thus the stars are more metal-rich than expected for a typical sample of Pop.II stars, and more like halo metal-rich A-type stars (Perry 1969). Two thirds of the stars are fast rotators with v sin i > 50 km/s, including four stars with v sin i > 200 km/s. Three of the stars have (negative) RVs > 250 km/s, five have retrograde space motions, and 21 have total speeds (relative to the LSR) > 400 km/s. All but one of the 30 stars have positions in a Toomre diagram consistent with the kinematics of bona fide halo stars (the exception being a thick-disk star). Observed Roemer time delays, pulsation frequency modulations and light curves suggest that at least one third of the stars are in binary (or triple) systems with orbital periods ranging from 2.3 days to more than four years.
The future of low-mass condensations in the core of a molecular cloud

Two scenarios have been proposed to explain the evolution of star-forming cores: the gravitational fragmentation of larger structures and the coalescence of smaller entities that are formed from some instabilities. Here, we turn our attention to the latter idea in order to investigate the evolution of observed low-mass condensations (LMCs) in the cores of molecular clouds. For this purpose, we implement the evolution of the observed LMCs of the Taurus molecular cloud 1 (TMC-1). The core is modelled as a contracting cylinder with randomly spawned condensations in the middle region around its axis. For advancing bodies in their trajectories, we represent the acceleration of a particular LMC in terms of a fourth-order polynomial using the predictor-corrector scheme. Whenever two LMCs collide, they are assumed to be merged in one large condensation containing all the masses of the two progenitors. Implementations of many computer experiments with a wide variety of free parameters show that the LMCs merge to form star-forming regions in the core. The results show that the total mechanical energy of the core increases in time, and its rate of increase decreases by facilitating the merger. Finally, the mass spectrum index and the goodness-of-fit are determined with a 50 per cent error in the number of mass points. The results show that the goodness-of-fit will be refined at the end of simulations, and the mass spectrum index inclines to the observed values for moderate-mass objects. The simulations show that the TMC-1 turns about 40 per cent of its mass into a cluster of dynamically unstable protostellar cores. In general, we suggest that the future of LMCs in a core of molecular cloud is merger to convert about half of its initial masses into a cluster of gravitationally unstable protostellar cores.
Improving the DPA attack using Wavelet transform ∗

Security of cryptographic systems might be considered under many points of view. Traditionally, security of cryptology is seen on an abstract way: we make sure that the algorithms do not present any mathematical weaknesses which would make a cryptanalysis possible. However, for a few years, in an extended security model, physical attacks which use potential vulnerabilities of the material implementations are taken into consideration. One of the most threatening physical attack is presently the DPA attack (Differential Power Analysis), invented by Kocher in 1998 and presented in [1]. In this model, the assailant finds the secret keys used by the algorithms by analysing electric signals of the current consumed by the smart card. From this time, many countermeasures have been proposed in order to make those attacks difficult or just impossible. One of the most popular countermeasures consists currently in varying the internal clock frequency, in order to make DPA inappropriate. In this article, we propose a new way to launch an attack upon the smart card despite the desynchronisation of signals. This approach consists in analysing the curves of electric current by wavelets, and then to resynchronize them thanks to a minimization algorithm which will be presented in the following. The last step consists in selecting only well resynchronised curves, using statistical sorting algorithms, and then to perform a classical DPA attack on this selection. The result is better than the one we would obtain without doing those operations and will be explained and justified with many graphs in this article.
SPATIAL ORGANIZATION OF INDUSTRIAL TOURISM OBJECTS: CASE OF THE KEMEROVO REGION – KUZBASS

In recent years, the industrialized regions of Russia have faced the need to diversify the economy and develop new industries. The advantage of such regions is that they can use their industrial heritage to develop primarily industrial tourism. The purpose of the article is to analyze the spatial organization of industrial tourism objects on the territory of the Kemerovo region – Kuzbass. The authors analyze the approaches to the essence of the concept of "industrial tourism", study international and Russian experience in the development of industrial areas and assess the state of industrial tourism in the region with the help of SWOT-analysis method. Authors also identify the potential objects of industrial tourism and analyze their spatial organization. With the help of the QGIS 3.20 program, thematic map-scheme of the location of industrial tourism objects has been made. The conclusions about the prospects and directions of development of industrial tourism in the Kemerovo region – Kuzbass are made.
Multiphoton subtracted thermal states: Description, preparation, and reconstruction

We present a study of optical quantum states generated by subtraction of photons from the thermal state. Some aspects of their photon number and quadrature distributions are discussed and checked experimentally. We demonstrate an original method of up to ten photon subtracted state preparation with use of just one single-photon detector. All the states where measured with use of balanced homodyne technique, and the corresponding density matrices where reconstructed. The fidelity between desired and reconstructed states exceeds 99%
Spectral Classification of Optical Counterparts to ROSAT All-Sky Survey X-Ray Sources

Previous work statistically identified 5492 optical counterparts, with ≳90% confidence, from among the ≈18,000 X-ray sources appearing in the ROSAT All-Sky Survey Bright Source Catalog. Using low-resolution spectra in the wavelength range 3700-7900 Å, we present spectroscopic classifications for 195 of these counterparts which have not previously been classified. Of these 195, we find 168 individual stars of F, G, K, or M type, 6 individual stars of unknown type, 6 double stars, 6 AGNs or galaxies, and 7 unclassifiable objects; the spectra of the 2 remaining objects were saturated.
Observation of self-organized criticality (SOC) behavior during edge biasing experiment on TEXTOR

The self-organized criticality (SOC) behavior of the edge plasma transport has been investigated using the fluctuation data measured in the plasma edge and the scrape-off layer of TEXTOR tokamak before and during the edge electrode biasing experiments. In the "nonshear" discharge phase before biasing, both the potential and density fluctuations clearly exhibit some of the characteristics associated with SOC: (1) existence of f -1 power-law dependence in the frequency spectrum, (2) slowly decaying long tails in the autocorrelation function, (3) values of Hurst parameters larger than 0.5 at all the detected radial locations, (4) non-Gaussian PDF of fluctuations and (5) radial propagation of avalanche-like events in the edge plasma area. During the biasing phase, with the generation of an edge radial electric field Er and hence a sheared ErxB flow, the local turbulence is found to be well decorrelated by the ErxB velocity shear, consistent with theoretical predictions. Nevertheless, it is concomitantly found that the Hurst parameters are substantially enhanced in the negative flow shear region and in the scrape-off layer as well, which is contrary to theoretical expectation. Implication of these observations to our understanding of plasma transport mechanisms is discussed.
A Two-Phase Heuristic Algorithm for the Problem of Scheduling and Vehicle Routing for Delivery of Medication to Patients

In this paper, a two-phase hybrid algorithm to address the problem of scheduling visits to customers and the vehicle routing problem of medication delivery to highly dependent patients is proposed. In the first phase, the issue of daily scheduling for a cluster of customers is solved via a flexible mathematical optimization model applied to different scenarios. The solution obtained in the first phase generates n clusters of patients and a frequency routing problem that considers delivery periodicity, location, demand, service times, travel times, and daily load-balancing constraints. In the second phase, a hybrid metaheuristic approach including the synergy and constant iteration between simulated annealing and a record-to-record algorithm is applied to improve the initial solution obtained in the first phase. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is validated with real data obtained from a pilot project in Chile. The results are promising and demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed methodology.
Short-Timescale Variability in the External Shock Model of Gamma-Ray Bursts

We have developed a computer model to calculate gamma-ray burst (GRB) light curves and efficiencies from the interaction of a single, thin blast wave with clouds in the external medium. Large-amplitude, short-timescale variability occurs when the clouds have radii r≪R/Γ, where R is the mean distance of a cloud from the GRB source and Γ is the blast-wave Lorentz factor. Efficiencies ≳10% require a large number of small clouds, each with sufficiently large column densities to extract most of the available blast-wave energy in the region of interaction. The number and duration of pulses in the simulated GRB light curves are compared with the respective properties found in GRB light curves. If GRB sources are surrounded by clouds with such properties, then short-timescale variability of GRBs can be obtained in the external shock model.
Brane dynamics, central charges and E-11

We consider a theory in which supersymmetry is partially spontaneously broken and show that the dynamical fields in the same supersymmetric multiplet as the Goldstino are Goldstone bosons whose corresponding generators are central charges in the underlying supersymmetry algebra. We illustrate how this works for four dimensional Born-Infeld theory and five brane of M theory. We conjecture, with supporting arguments, that the dynamics of the branes of M theory can be extended so as to possess an E11 symmetry.
of Statistical Mechanics : Theory and Experiment Leaping shampoo and the stable Kaye effect

Shear-thinning fluids exhibit surprisingly rich behaviour. One example is the Kaye effect which occurs when a thin stream of a solution of polyisobutylene in decalin is poured into a dish of the fluid. As pouring proceeds, a small stream of liquid occasionally leaps upward from the heap. This surprising effect, which lasts only a second or so, is named after its first observer, Kaye, who could offer no explanation for this behaviour. Later, Collyer and Fischer suggested from 250 frames s−1 cine recordings that the fluid must be highly shear thinning as well as elastic and ‘pituitous’ (slimy or sticky). In addition, their results suggested that a rigid surface is required to back the reflected liquid stream. While the words bouncing and reflection are associated with elastic effects, we will show here that the Kaye effect is in fact a continuous flow phenomenon. We show that the Kaye effect works for many common fluids, including shampoos and liquid soaps. We reveal its physical mechanism (formation, stability and disruption) through high-speed imaging. The measurements are interpreted with a simple theoretical model including only the shear thinning behaviour of the liquid; elastic properties of the liquid play no role. We show that the Kaye effect can be stable and that it can be directed. We even demonstrate a stable Kaye effect on a thin soap film excluding the necessity of a rigid backing surface.
MODIFIED AERATED CONCRETE BASED ON MAN-MADE WASTE

: This article presents the results of experimental studies on aerated concrete based on industrial waste with improved operational, physical, chemical and mechanical properties; modified homogeneous structures are obtained in this material as a result of its compaction and hardening. The structure of the modified aerated concrete and its influence on the physical, mechanical and hydrophysical properties are studied in detail. Aluminium powder is used as a foaming agent. The content of active aluminium is 82%. To give the powder hydrophilic properties, it is treated with an aqueous solution of surfactants. The use of complex organometal modifiers in products made of modified and non-autoclaved aerated concrete with industrial waste, such as phosphogypsum, significantly increases the likelihood of obtaining high-quality products by controlling the processes of gas evolution and structure formation under the impact of the organometal modifier
Markers for the Prediction of Probably Sarcopenia in Middle-Aged Individuals

Sarcopenia is a condition that is characterized by a progressive loss of muscle mass, strength, and function, resulting in reduced quality of life. The aim of the study was to analyze the significance of pro-inflammatory markers in the prognostic diagnosis of sarcopenia. The participants were divided into two groups: the main group of 146 people and the control—75 people. The complex of examinations included neuropsychological testing (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), quality-of-life questionnaire for patients with sarcopenia (SarQoL), and short health assessment form (MOS SF-36)), a 6 m walking speed test, manual dynamometry, bioimpedancemetry, and metabolic markers (nitrates, fibroblast growth factor 21, and malondialdehyde). When analyzing metabolic markers in the main group, a twofold increase in nitrates in the main group was recorded in a subsequent analysis adjusted for multiple variables, there was a negative association between the nitrate levels for weak grip strength and appendicular muscle mass. An additional analysis revealed that the complaint of pain in the lower extremities was more frequent in patients of the main group, as well as constipation and the pathology of thyroid gland, and they were more frequently diagnosed with arterial hypertension. At the same time, patients from the main group more frequently took vitamin D. When conducting body composition, the main group recorded a higher weight visceral fat content, as well as a decrease in appendicular and skeletal muscle mass; these changes were accompanied by a decrease in protein and minerals. Among the markers that differed significantly were nitrates, and it was this that was associated with decreased muscle strength and appendicular mass, which may indicate both a possible mechanism and a possible predictive marker. The results of this study can be used to develop a screening method for diagnosing sarcopenia at the outpatient stage.
Collapse threshold for a cosmological Klein Gordon field

Oscillating scalar fields are useful to model a variety of matter components in the universe. One or more scalar fields participate in the reheating process after inflation, while at much lower energies scalar fields are robust dark matter candidates. Pertaining structure formation in these models, it is well known that inhomogeneities of the Klein-Gordon field are unstable above the characteristic De Broglie wavelength. In this paper we show that such instability implies the existence of a threshold amplitude for the collapse of primordial fluctuations. We use this threshold to correctly predict the cut--off scale of the matter power spectrum in the scalar field dark matter model. Furthermore, for a Klein-Gordon field during reheating we show that this same threshold allows for abundant production of structure (oscillons but not necessarily black holes). Looking at the production of Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) in this scenario we note that the sphericity condition yields a much lower probability of PBH formation at the end of inflation. Remarkably, even after meeting such stringent condition, we find that PBHs may be overproduced during reheating. We finally constrain the epochs at which an oscillating Klein-Gordon field could dominate the early universe.
Associated charmonium production in low energy pp annihilation

The QCD mechanisms underlying the exclusive strong decays and hadronic production amplitudes of charmonium remain poorly understood, despite decades of study and an increasingly detailed body of experimental information. One set of hadronic channels of special interest are those that include baryon-antibaryon states. These are being investigated experimentally at BES and CLEO-c in terms of their baryon resonance content, and are also of interest for the future PANDA experiment, in which charmonium and charmonium hybrids will be produced in pp annihilation in association with light mesons. In this paper we develop a simple initial-state light meson emission model of the near-threshold associated charmonium production processes pp{yields}{pi}{sup 0}{psi}, and evaluate the differential and total cross sections for these reactions in this model. (Here we consider the states {psi}={eta}{sub c}, J/{psi}, {psi}{sup '}, {chi}{sub 0} and {chi}{sub 1}.) The predicted near-threshold cross section for pp{yields}{pi}{sup 0}J/{psi} is found to be numerically similar to two previous theoretical estimates, and is roughly comparable to the (sparse) existing data for this process. The theoretical charmonium angular distributions predicted by this model are far from isotropic, which may be of interest for PANDA detector design studies.
Small-field and scale-free: inflation and ekpyrosis at their extremes

There is increasing evidence from string theory that effective field theories are only reliable over approximately sub-Planckian field excursions. The two most promising effective models for early universe cosmology, inflation and ekpyrosis, are mechanisms that, in order to address cosmological puzzles, must operate over vast expansion/energy ranges. This suggests that it might be appropriate to describe them using scaling laws. Here we combine these two ideas and demonstrate that they drive inflation and ekpyrosis to their extremes: inflation must start at ultra-slow-roll, and ekpyrosis at ultra-fast-roll. At face value, the implied spectra are overly tilted to the red, although in both cases minor departures from pure scale freedom bring the spectral indices within current observational bounds. These models predict a significant spectral running at a level detectable in the near future (αs ≈ −10−3). Ekpyrotic models with minimal coupling are nevertheless ruled out, as they lead to levels of non-Gaussianity that are at least an order of magnitude too large. No such restrictions apply to models with a kinetic coupling between the two ekpyrotic scalar fields, and these remain the most promising ekpyrotic models. An additional swampland criterion that was recently proposed for the slope of the scalar field potential would however rule out all ultra-slow-roll models of inflation. Finally, we speculate on the existence of corresponding restrictions on the slope at negative potential values, which might lead to similarly severe constraints on ekpyrotic models.