Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Demultiplexing using an arrayed-waveguide grating for frequency-interleaved DWDM millimeter-wave radio-on-fiber systems

The frequency-interleaved dense- wavelength-division-multiplexing (DWDM) millimeter-wave (mm-wave) radio-on-fiber is an indispensable technique to improve the optical spectrum efficiency. We propose possible configurations of multiplexing and demultiplexing (DEMUX) schemes using an arrayed-waveguide grating (AWG) with two input and N output waveguides (N: total channel number). In this paper, we focus on the DEMUX scheme and experimentally demonstrate the DEMUX scheme using a commercially available AWG. In the experiment, 25-GHz-separated two-channel optical double sideband signals modulated by a 60-GHz millimeter-wave carrying a 156-Mb/s data are optically multiplexed by the frequency interleaving. The power penalty after DEMUX, which was due to interchannel interference, was less than 0.5 dB. We also made a transmission experiment over 25-km standard single-mode fiber (SMF). No noticeable power penalty in the received data due to chromatic dispersion of the transmission fiber was observed. This is because only the carrier and a sideband are detected in the proposed DEMUX scheme.
Examining Suicide and its Warning Signs and Determinants in a County of Illinois, 2014 to 2020: Implications for Future Research and Prevention

This study is to examine the trend in suicide over the last 12 years in a county of IL; establish warning signs leading up to suicide; identify major risk factors of suicide among the decedents; as well as explore preventative measures for future suicide interventions. It’s a mixed-methods retrospective cross-sectional study. A total of 264 existing suicide case files between 2014 and 2020 were reviewed. Based on the current literature, the suicide data collection instrument was developed to include four sections: demographics, medical history, warning signs, and risks of suicide. A total of 96 variables were included to collect both quantitative and qualitative data. Data were analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively. From 2014 to 2020, a total of 264 suicide deaths occurred in the county with the highest number in 2017 and lowest in 2010. Approximately 77.3% of the suicide deaths were males and 81.1% were non-veterans. About 31.4% of the cases left a suicide note; 22.1% had previously attempted suicide; and 49.2% had previous suicide ideation. About 39.4% of the deaths were caused by gunshot wounds, 39.4% were caused by suffocation, and 15.5% were caused by poisoning. More than half of the cases (58.3%) had a mental illness, including depression, anxiety, and bipolar disorder. Nearly 45.5% of the cases were taking prescription medications. Roughly 41.7% of the cases indicated they were in a troubled relationship, 33.0% indicated they could be grieving the loss of parents, significant others, children, and siblings. Only 23.9% of the cases had received suicide prevention treatment, such as hospitalization or admittance to a mental health center, prior to their suicide death. Future endeavors should consider developing suicide prevention strategies/interventions within the domains of the Social Ecological Model, including building social capital, issuing temporary firearms restraining orders, and establishing community-based suicide prevention training/screening programs.
Claws and toepads in mainland and island Anolis (Squamata: Dactyloidae): Different adaptive radiations with intersectional morphospatial zones

Anolis lizards have evolved morphologies in response to different selective factors related to microhabitat use. Morphological diversity exhibits evolutionary patterns that reveal similarities and unique regional traits among the mainland and island environments and among Greater Antilles and Lesser Antilles islands. In the Greater Antilles and mainland environments anole species are classified into morphological/ecological groups, that are known as morphotypes (mainland) or ecomorphs (Greater Antilles). Morphotypes are defined only with morphological information; in contrast, for ecomorph assignment both morphology and ethology are required. For mainland species distributed in northwestern South America 10 morphotypes were proposed to include the morphological diversity of 59 species. We obtained data from body size, limbs length, tail length, and the number of lamellae for an additional ten species occurring in the same region and assigned them into morphotypes. We also collected data of the claw and toepad diversity of mainland and island Anolis from northwestern South America and compared it to the claw and toepads morphology recorded for the Greater Antilles and Lesser Antilles islands, under a phylogenetic framework. We found new island morphotypes (MT11–MT13) of Anolis from northwestern South America. When comparing claws and toepads morphology among the 13 morphotypes we found that morphological variation of these traits partially corresponds to morphotype groups. For instance, habitat specialist species like Anolis heterodermus, classified in morphotype 4 (MT4), have a characteristic design of broad toepad and reduced claws, and non‐unique design of toepads and claws occurs in morphotypes MT1, MT2, MT5, MT10, and MT13. We also compared claws and toepads of fore and hindlimbs within the same individual, and found that even if limbs show differences in claws and toepads, suggesting that they perform differential biomechanical function, the degree of within individual variation is specific and not related to morphotype assignment. Our data supported the convergent and unique regional evolution among mainland and island anoles, and revealed aspects of correlative evolution of functional traits of claws and toepads that probably are related to minor differences in microhabitat use among mainland and island species, as suggested by previously published literature. Lastly, the evolutionary pattern of morphological diversity of claws and toepads of Anolis in the mainland and island environment supports both unique regional traits and common selective and historical factors that have molded Anolis morphological diversity.
Wafer level reliability and lifetime analysis of InGaAsP/InP quantum-well Fabry-Perot laser diode

This paper investigated the reliability of semiconductor 1.3-/spl mu/m multiquantum-well (MQW) Fabry-Perot laser diodes (LDs) in a quarter 2-in wafer level that are measured to have uniform threshold currents, slope efficiencies, and wavelengths within 4% of the maximum deviation. By performing the accelerated aging test under a constant optical power of 3 mW at 85/spl deg/C for 2100 h, the lifetime of the fabricated optoelectronic devices was estimated, where the failure rate was matched on the fitted line of the lognormal distribution model resulting in the mean-time-to-failure (MTTF) of 2/spl times/10/sup 6/ h operating at room temperature.
1G-35 Changes of driving performance and skin conductance level of experienced taxi drivers due to distraction tasks

This study investigated the effects of distraction tasks, such as Sending Text Message (STM) task with cellphone and Searching Navigation (SN) task with car navigation system, on driving performance and Skin Conductance Level (SCL) of experienced taxi drivers. Twelve male taxi drivers (age 56.3±4.4 years, taxi driving experience 28.4±6.4 years) and fourteen female taxi drivers (age 55.5±3.5 years, taxi driving experience 19.4±5.0 years) were instructed to drive at a constant speed (90 km/hr) for 2 min while keeping a distance of 30 m from the front car also running at a speed of 90 km/hr. Subjects performed driving only for the first 1 min (Control phase). For an additional 1 min (Task phase), they performed Driving Only, Driving + STM, or Driving + SN while driving. For all events, driving performance during the Task phase was evaluated by car control data such as average following distance and speed deviation. For Driving Only, Driving + STM, and Driving + SN, change of SCL from the Control phase to the Task phase, relative change of SCL, was calculated. Compared to Driving Only, during Driving + STM or Driving + SN, relative change of SCL was increased. Compared to Driving Only, during Driving + STM or Driving + SN, average following distance and speed deviation increased. It can be concluded that, even for experienced taxi drivers, distraction tasks increase workload, increased the difficulty to control a car, and detracted from safe driving.
Image-based homing

A system that allows a robot to acquire a model of its environment and to use this model to navigate is described. The system maps the environment as a set of snapshots of the world taken at target locations. The robot uses an image-based local homing algorithm to navigate between neighboring target locations. Features of the approach include an imaging system that acquires a compact, 360 degrees representation of the environment and an image-based, qualitative homing algorithm that allows the robot to navigate without explicitly inferring three-dimensional structure from the image. The results of an experiment in a typical indoor environment are described, and its argued that image-based navigation is a feasible alternative to approaches using three-dimensional models. <<ETX>>
Determinants of Multilateralism in US Use of Force: State of Economy, Election Cycle, and Divided Government

US presidents used military force 212 times from 1948 to 1998. In 45 of these cases, the force was embedded in a multilateral context. The article distinguishes between procedural multilateralism, where US military operations are endorsed by an international organization, and operational multilateralism, where military actions are coordinated with the armed forces of other countries. In some cases, such as the Korean War and the first Gulf War, the United States obtained UN authorization and created a multinational force. However, there are also partially multilateral cases, in which either political endorsement or execution of the use of force is made by a multilateral approach while the other is subject to unilateralism. This article focuses on the varieties of multilateralism and homes in on exploring why such varieties of multilateralism exist. An original dataset for studying multilateral-unilateral choice in US use of force is analyzed using a multinomial logit model and a bivariate probit model. The analyses suggest that three domestic conditions - recession, election cycle, and divided government - can cause partial multilateralism, since they create different incentives for the president to seek burden-sharing with allies or seek collective legitimacy in international organizations.
Quality Awareness of Indonesian Higher Education During the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Google Trend Analysis

This study aims to determine the trend of society on the quality of higher education and the factors that influence it during COVID-19. Data was collected through the google search engine in the period March 2020 to November 2021. Bibliometric analysis techniques based on Google Trend big data were used. The results of the study found that 1) the community trend regarding the quality of higher education was quite good with a range of information retrieval above 10% and a sharp increase during the July period; 2) two main factors influence the trend of awareness of the quality of higher education, namely the acceptance of new students, and monitoring of accreditation ratings by BAN-PT. Therefore, higher education institutions must continue to improve binding quality services through accreditation instruments, especially on websites or online media owned by universities.
KARESEL ATAMA İLE ÇOKLU REGRESYON VE LOJİSTİK REGRESYON SONUÇLARININ TEORİ ÇEŞİTLEMESİ KAPSAMINDA KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI

In this study, it was aimed to introduce Multiple Regression Quadratic Assignment Procedure and to compare the results of Multiple Regression Quadratic Assignment Procedure and Logistic Regression. The research falls within the scope of theory diversification from mixed research types. Logistic regression was used for quantitative analysis, whereas Multiple Regression Quadratic Assignment Procedure was employed for qualitative analysis. Within the scope of the research, the estimated science literacy values of all Turkish and Singaporean students who participated in PISA 2015 were used as dependent variable and the first seven items that started with ST011 code were used as independent variables. According to the results of the research, it can be said that the results of Multiple Regression Quadratic Assignment Procedure have a more advantageous structure than logistic regression in terms of being interpretable. It is thought that Multiple Regression Quadratic Assignment Procedure, which helps to obtain outputs with a small number of statistics and easier interpretation, can be an alternative to logistic regression in this sense. At the same time, it should be considered that the analysis can be used as a validation method for the measurement results obtained with logistic regression, and especially probit regression, which is used as an alternative to logistic regression in the field of health sciences.
Protection against loss of utility grid supply for a dispersed storage and generation unit

The requirements of an islanding, or 'loss of grid', protection for a dispersed storage and generation unit are examined, and the principal methods used for this type of relaying are outlined. A new protection algorithm is introduced which is based on the rate of change of power as measured at the generator's terminals. The responses of the different measurands are examined for a selection of power system operating conditions in order to demonstrate the operation of this type of protection. The new protection algorithm is shown to trip for loss of grid and for load fluctuations while the dispersed storage and generation unit is operating independently of the utility supply following a loss of grid, and for an out-of-synchronism reconnection of the utility supply to the dispersed storage and generation unit. It is also shown to remain stable for major load fluctuations while the utility supply remains connected to the dispersed generator system. >
Detection of Building Damage Areas of the 2006 Central Java, Indonesia, Earthquake through Digital Analysis of Optical Satellite Images

In order to evaluate the capability of building damage detection from optical satellite images, a procedure for digital image analysis is examined and applied to images captured before and after the 2006 Central Java, Indonesia, earthquake. In the image analysis, the pixels of the images are classified into vegetation, bare ground, and built-up areas. The damage areas are detected by the differential of the digital numbers in the built-up areas. The estimated damage distribution is validated by comparing it with the GIS data on building damage obtained from a field survey. The results show that the severely damaged areas were well detected by the analysis. In the densely vegetated areas, however, the damage was underestimated because many of the buildings were obscured by trees. For assessing quantitative damage information, the relationship between the number of collapsed buildings and the areas detected by the image analysis is evaluated.
Variable structure control of dual stator variable reluctance direct drive motor

Dual stator variable reluctance motors (VRM) are electrically commutated AC machines and can be used as direct drive actuators, but inherent nonlinearity of VRM results in difficulties, when smooth and quiet operation are required. In this paper, a high performance control system for VRM is presented. The whole control algorithms consist of four closed-loop controllers: position, velocity, torque and current controller. In the torque controller, the torque ripple is reduced via the torque-sharing function and current PWM control, and the command current is easily obtained from the shared torque command via the proposed nonlinear model of the motor. The velocity controller is variable structure control (VSC) of integer type algorithm. The lead angle algorithm is also introduced to improve the performance of system in high speed. The position controller is intended for velocity trajectory tracking. The experimental results illustrate the effectiveness of the control system.
Fiber optical CATV system-performance improvement by using external light-injection technique

A directly modulated amplitude modulation with vestigial sideband cable television (CATV) erbium-doped fiber amplifier-repeated system that uses an external light-injection technique is proposed and demonstrated. The external light-injection technique greatly enhances the frequency response of the laser diode, and thus improves the overall performance of the fiber optical CATV system.
Perspective on the Structural Basis for Human Aldo-Keto Reductase 1B10 Inhibition

Human aldo-keto reductase 1B10 (AKR1B10) is overexpressed in many cancer types and is involved in chemoresistance. This makes AKR1B10 to be an interesting drug target and thus many enzyme inhibitors have been investigated. High-resolution crystallographic structures of AKR1B10 with various reversible inhibitors were deeply analyzed and compared to those of analogous complexes with aldose reductase (AR). In both enzymes, the active site included an anion-binding pocket and, in some cases, inhibitor binding caused the opening of a transient specificity pocket. Different structural conformers were revealed upon inhibitor binding, emphasizing the importance of the highly variable loops, which participate in the transient opening of additional binding subpockets. Two key differences between AKR1B10 and AR were observed regarding the role of external loops in inhibitor binding. The first corresponded to the alternative conformation of Trp112 (Trp111 in AR). The second difference dealt with loop A mobility, which defined a larger and more loosely packed subpocket in AKR1B10. From this analysis, the general features that a selective AKR1B10 inhibitor should comply with are the following: an anchoring moiety to the anion-binding pocket, keeping Trp112 in its native conformation (AKR1B10-like), and not opening the specificity pocket in AR.
Polynomial predictors for complex-valued vector signals

Polynomial FIR predictors for complex-valued vector signals are derived. It is shown that the generalisation of the polynomial predictor for complex-valued signals results in the same filter as that for real-valued signals. The application of complex-valued vector polynomial prediction is illustrated by prediction of the components of a signal transmitted through a multipath Rayleigh fading channel.
CUSHIONING OF THE RUNNING SHOES AFTER LONG-TERM USE

The purpose of this study was to investigate the cushioning properties of the running shoes after long running distance. Each of five subjects wore a new Nike air-shox shoe at the beginning and then at least ran thirty minutes on the same treadmill once or twice a week. The results of material test showed that impact force peaks significantly increased as the running distance increased. However, in the subject test, the tibial peak accelerations decreased as the running distance increased. It seemed to indicate that the subjects accommodate themselves to the material characteristics of the testing shoe by reducing the impact energies as heel strike. Based on the results, the cushioning abilities of the running shoes were attenuated after 300 km running distance. In the future, the change of the cushioning abilities of the running shoes should be monitored after more running distances.
Measurements of PCS microwave propagation in buildings

The authors describe measurements of PCS (personal communication services) propagation in different indoor environments and the application of a novel indoor loss-distance model. The dynamic effects of indoor activities by people are also examined. It is noted that people in indoor propagation environments can cause a substantial amount of fading of the received signal. Fades with more than 10-dB magnitude were observed in the measurements reported. The standard deviation of the fading signal correlates with the amount of human activity in the region of propagation. The distribution of the fading signal can be modeled with the log-normal distribution. As a consequence, deeper fades are more likely to be observed when there is more human activity, which is exactly what has been observed. The instantaneous fading rate, an important temporal parameter for radio design, was found to be a Laplacian random process with a standard deviation on the order of 1 dB/s. <<ETX>>
BIBGT: combining bibliometrics and grounded theory to conduct a literature review

ABSTRACT In the current context of scientific information overload, we propose a method combining bibliometrics and grounded theory to conduct literature reviews that have a descriptive, understanding or explanatory purpose. This overall inductive combined method, which we name BIBGT (BIB = Bibliometrics; GT = Grounded Theory) provides a powerful instrument for researchers. This instrument has been made more readily accessible by recent technological developments, and scientific advances in the field of bibliometrics. Notably, BIBGT helps grounded theorists identify colleges of thought of the field being reviewed, and representative texts to be reviewed in depth, in each college; it improves the trustworthiness and efficiency of reviews. BIBGT helps bibliometricians achieve in-depth analysis and interpretation of their findings. For all researchers, BIBGT can nurture the emergence of novel insights towards in-depth description, understanding or explanation of a core concept, theme, or research domain. We detail the four steps of this flexible method, providing essential elements and some guidelines as well as an illustration, to help other researchers who wish to apply it.
The profile of patients with atrial fibrillation scheduled for cardioversion or catheter ablation hospitalized in a Romanian rehabilitation hospital

Objectives - Structural cardiac, mainly atrial remodeling in non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) creates conditions for thromboembolic complications, despite the optimization of oral anticoagulant treatment over the past years. This study aims to provide a comparative analysis of patients with NVAF, with and without atrial thrombotic masses, in an integrated approach using clinical, electrocardiographic, anatomohemodynamic cardiac findings assessed by echocardiography, as well as an evaluation of the inflammatory status based on the usual screening blood markers. Methods – The study was based on the anonymous analysis of the medical records of 50 patients with NVAF monitored in a center of cardiology in Cluj-Napoca between March 2019 – February 2020, who received optimal oral anticoagulant treatment, all undergoing transesophageal ultrasound prior to cardioversion or ablation therapy. The statistical data processing methods were based on the “chi square” test and overall model fit logistic regression. Results – Atrial thrombotic complications were found in 7 (14%) patients with NVAF. These had, compared to patients without thrombotic masses, a mean CHA2DS2-VASc scale of 3 versus 2.76 (p=0.05), more frequently other atrial tachyarrhythmias (p<0.01), a more expressed inflammatory reaction (p=0.02), as well as a reduction of LVEF (p<0.01) and the peak left atrial appendage emptying velocity (p<0.01). Conclusions – In addition to a high CHA2DS2-VASc score, left anatomohemodynamic cardiac alteration, atrial arrhythmic complexity and background inflammatory status create conditions for high thromboembolic risk in patients with NVAF. Keywords: non-valvular atrial fibrillation, cardiac thrombosis, left ventricular ejection fraction, inflammatory status, peak left atrial appendage velocity,