Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Categorizing Research on Identity in Undergraduate Computing Education

Researchers in education have explored identity constructs to solve a variety of problems such as improving retention, ameliorating diversity and inclusion, fostering learning, and gauging decision-making. However, literature in social sciences describes identity research as often fragmented, with researchers often building their work on siloed factions in identity literature. This paper aims to build a categorization model for classifying types of papers on identity in computing education research (CER). We categorized 55 papers that either investigated identity formation of students in computing undergraduate degree programs or suggested relationships of other constructs to identity using a systematic literature review. We first explored trends in the types of papers with respect to their demographics and then categorized the papers based on semantics and contributions using inductive content analysis. We observed a growing interest in identity over the last five years. The types of papers on identity in CER fell into two themes: identity-centric studies and non-identity centric studies. These themes included six categories of papers that described identity, assessed identity formation, measured identity construct, studied the influence of identity on a factor, implied another construct as identity, and inferred relationships of other constructs to identity. We shed light on our categorization scheme, provide a framework for positioning future research, and discuss opportunities for future work on identity in computing. Our model can support researchers to position their work or find appropriate literature when investigating work related to identity in computing at the undergraduate level.
Quantum steerability: Characterization, quantification, superactivation, and unbounded amplification

Quantum steering, also called Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering, is the intriguing phenomenon associated with the ability of spatially separated observers to steer---by means of local measurements---the set of conditional quantum states accessible by a distant party. In the light of quantum information, all steerable quantum states are known to be resources for quantum information processing tasks. Here, via a quantity dubbed steering fraction, we derive a simple, but general criterion that allows one to identify quantum states that can exhibit quantum steering (without having to optimize over the measurements performed by each party), thus making an important step towards the characterization of steerable quantum states. The criterion, in turn, also provides upper bounds on the largest steering-inequality violation achievable by arbitrary finite-dimensional maximally entangled states. For the quantification of steerability, we prove that a strengthened version of the steering fraction is a convex steering monotone and demonstrate how it is related to two other steering monotones, namely, steerable weight and steering robustness. Using these tools, we further demonstrate the superactivation of steerability for a well-known family of entangled quantum states, i.e., we show how the steerability of certain entangled, but unsteerable quantum states can be recovered by allowing joint measurements on multiple copies of the same state. In particular, our approach allows one to explicitly construct a steering inequality to manifest this phenomenon. Finally, we prove that there exist examples of quantum states (including some which are unsteerable under projective measurements) whose steering-inequality violation can be arbitrarily amplified by allowing joint measurements on as little as three copies of the same state. For completeness, we also demonstrate how the largest steering-inequality violation can be used to bound the largest Bell-inequality violation and derive, analogously, a simple sufficient condition for Bell nonlocality from the latter.
Profiling of chimeric RNAs in human retinal development with retinal organoids

Chimeric RNAs have been found in both cancer and healthy human cells. They have regulatory effects on human stem/progenitor cell differentiation, stemness maintenance and central nervous system (CNS) development. However, their physiological functions in the retinal development remain unknown. Based on the human embryonic stem cells (hESC)-derived retinal organoids (ROs) spanning from day 0 to day 120, we present the expression atlas of chimeric RNAs throughout the developing ROs. We confirmed the existence of some common chimeric RNAs and also discovered many novel chimeric RNAs during retinal development. We focused on CTNNBIP1-CLSTN1 (CTCL) whose downregulation causes precocious neuronal differentiation and a marked reduction of neural progenitors in human cerebral organoids. Our study found that CTCL also plays a key role in human retinogenesis, CTCL loss-of-function obstructed RO differentiation but prompted the retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) differentiation. Together, this work provides a landscape of chimeric RNAs and reveals evidence for their crucial roles in human retina development.
Mutations Affecting Polar Nuclei Number, Antipodal Cell Cluster Size, Cellularization, and Nuclear Localization in Maize Embryo Sacs

The maize female gametophyte is comprised of four cell types: two synergids, an egg cell, a central cell, and a variable number of antipodal cells. In maize, these cells are produced after three rounds of free-nuclear divisions followed by cellularization, differentiation, and proliferation of the antipodal cells. Cellularization of the eight-nucleate syncytium produces seven cells with two polar nuclei in the central cell. Nuclear localization is tightly controlled in the embryo sac as evidenced by the regular, stereotypical position of the nuclei in all syncytial stages of female gametophyte development. This leads to precise allocation of the nuclei into the cells upon cellularization. Nuclear positioning within the syncytium is highly correlated with their identity after cellularization. Two mutants are described with extra polar nuclei, abnormal antipodal cell morphology, and reduced antipodal cell number, which is correlated with a frequent loss of auxin signaling in the antipodal cell cluster. Mutations in one of these genes, indeterminate gametophyte2 encoding a MICROTUBULE ASSOCIATED PROTEIN65-3 homolog, shows a requirement for MAP65-3 in cellularization of the syncytial embryo sac and that the identity of the nuclei in the syncytial female gametophyte can be changed very late before cellularization.
Destin2: Integrative and cross-modality analysis of single-cell chromatin accessibility data

We propose Destin2, a novel statistical and computational method for cross-modality dimension reduction, clustering, and trajectory reconstruction for single-cell ATAC-seq data. The framework integrates cellular-level epigenomic profiles from peak accessibility, motif deviation score, and pseudo-gene activity and learns a shared manifold using the multimodal input, followed by clustering and/or trajectory inference. We apply Destin2 to real scATAC-seq datasets with both discretized cell types and transient cell states and carry out benchmarking studies against existing methods based on unimodal analyses. Using cell-type labels transferred with high confidence from unmatched single-cell RNA sequencing data, we adopt four performance assessment metrics and demonstrate how Destin2 corroborates and improves upon existing methods. Using single-cell RNA and ATAC multiomic data, we further exemplify how Destin’s cross-modality integrative analyses preserve true cell-cell similarities using the matched cell pairs as ground truths. Destin2 is compiled as a freely available R package available at https://github.com/yuchaojiang/Destin2.
GPUs: An Oasis in the Supercomputing Desert

A novel metric is introduced to compare the supercomputing resources available to academic researchers on a national basis. Data from the supercomputing Top 500 and the top 500 universities in the Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU) are combined to form the proposed “500/500” score for a given country. Australia scores poorly in the 500/500 metric when compared with other countries with a similar ARWU ranking, an indication that HPC-based researchers in Australia are at a relative disadvantage with respect to their overseas competitors. For HPC problems where single precision is sufficient, commodity GPUs provide a cost-effective means of quenching the computational thirst of otherwise parched Lattice practitioners traversing the Australian supercomputing desert. We explore some of the more difficult terrain in single precision territory, finding that BiCGStab is unreliable in single precision at large lattice sizes. We test the CGNE and CGNR forms of the conjugate gradient method on the normal equations. Both CGNE and a modified form of CGNR (with restarts) provide reliable convergence for quark propagator calculations in single precision.
Charged annular disks and Reissner-Nordström type black holes from extremal dust

We present the first analytical superposition of a charged black hole with an annular disk of extremal dust. In order to obtain the solutions, we first solve the Einstein-Maxwell field equations for sources that represent disklike configurations of matter in confomastatic spacetimes by assuming a functional dependence among the metric function, the electric potential, and an auxiliary function, which is taken as a solution of the Laplace equation. We then employ the Lord Kelvin inversion method applied to models of finite extension in order to obtain annular disks. The structures obtained extend to infinity, but their total masses are finite and all the energy conditions are satisfied. Finally, we observe that the extremal Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole can be embedded into the center of the disks by adding a boundary term in the inversion.
Modelling the circumstellar medium in RS Ophiuchi and its link to Type Ia supernovae

Recent interpretations of narrow, variable absorption lines detected in some Type Ia supernovae suggest that their progenitors are surrounded by dense, circumstellar material. Similar variations detected in the symbiotic recurrent nova system RS Oph, which undergoes thermonuclear outbursts every ~20 years, making it an ideal candidate to investigate the origin of these lines. To this end, we present simulations of multiple mass transfer-nova cycles in RS Oph. We find that the quiescent mass transfer produces a dense, equatorial outflow, i.e., concentrated towards the binary orbital plane, and an accretion disc forms around the white dwarf. The interaction of a spherical nova outburst with these aspherical circumstellar structures produces a bipolar outflow, similar to that seen in HST imaging of the 2006 outburst. In order to produce an ionization structure that is consistent with observations, a mass-loss rate of $5 \times 10^{-7}\,\mathrm{M}_{\odot}\,\mathrm{yr}^{-1}$ from the red giant is required. The simulations also produce a polar accretion flow, which may explain the broad wings of the quiescent H {\alpha} line and hard X-rays. By comparing simulated absorption line profiles to observations of the 2006 outburst, we are able to determine which components arise in the wind and which are due to the novae. We explore the possible behaviour of absorption line profiles as they may appear should a supernova occur in a system like RS Oph. Our models show similarities to supernovae like SN 2006X, but require a high mass-loss rate, $\dot{M} \sim 10^{-6}$ to $10^{-5}\,\mathrm{M_\odot}\,\mathrm{yr}^{-1}$, to explain the variability in SN 2006X.
Quantum State Tomography with Joint SIC POMs and Product SIC POMs

We introduce random matrix theory to study the tomographic efficiency of a wide class of measurements constructed out of weighted 2-designs, including symmetric informationally complete (SIC) probability operator measurements (POMs). In particular, we derive analytic formulae for the mean Hilbert-Schmidt distance and the mean trace distance between the estimator and the true state, which clearly show the difference between the scaling behaviors of the two error measures with the dimension of the Hilbert space. We then prove that the product SIC POMs—the multipartite analogue of the SIC POMs—are optimal among all product measurements in the same sense as the SIC POMs are optimal among all joint measurements. We further show that, for bipartite systems, there is only a marginal efficiency advantage of the joint SIC POMs over the product SIC POMs. In marked contrast, for multipartite systems, the efficiency advantage of the joint SIC POMs increases exponentially with the number of parties.
Two-peaked and flat-top perfect bright solitons in epsilon-near-zero nonlinear metamaterials: novel Kerr self-trapping mechanisms

We analytically investigate transverse magnetic (TM) spatial bright solitons, as exact solutions of Maxwell’s equations, propagating through nonlinear metamaterials whose linear dielectric permittivity is very close to zero and whose effective nonlinear Kerr parameters can be tailored to achieve values not available in standard materials. Exploiting the fact that, in the considered medium, linear and nonlinear polarization can be comparable at feasible and realistic optical intensities, we identify two novel self-trapping mechanisms able to support two-peaked and flat-top solitons, respectively. Specifically, these two novel mechanisms are based on the occurrence of critical points at which the effective nonlinear permittivity vanishes, the two mechanisms differing in the way the compensation between linear and nonlinear polarization is achieved through the non-standard values of the nonlinear parameters.
in the transitivity and GNS

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Quantum Structure of Field Theory and Standard Model Based on Infinity-free Loop Regularization/Renormalization

To understand better the quantum structure of field theory and standard model in particle physics, it is necessary to investigate carefully the divergence structure in quantum field theories (QFTs) and work out a consistent framework to avoid infinities. The divergence has got us into trouble since developing quantum electrodynamics in 1930s. Its treatment via the renormalization scheme is satisfied not by all physicists, like Dirac and Feynman who have made serious criticisms. The renormalization group analysis reveals that QFTs can in general be defined fundamentally with the meaningful energy scale that has some physical significance, which motivates us to develop a new symmetry-preserving and infinity-free regularization scheme called loop regularization (LORE). A simple regularization prescription in LORE is realized based on a manifest postulation that a loop divergence with a power counting dimension larger than or equal to the space-time dimension must vanish. The LORE method is achieved without modifying original theory and leads the divergent Feynman loop integrals well-defined to maintain the divergence structure and meanwhile preserve basic symmetries of original theory. The crucial point in LORE is the presence of two intrinsic energy scales which play the roles of ultraviolet cutoff M-c and infrared cutoff mu(s) to avoid infinities. As M-c can be made finite when taking appropriately both the primary regulator mass and number to be infinity to recover the original integrals, the two energy scales M c and mu(s) in LORE become physically meaningful as the characteristic energy scale and sliding energy scale, respectively. The key concept in LORE is the introduction of irreducible loop integrals (ILIs) on which the regularization prescription acts, which leads to a set of gauge invariance consistency conditions between the regularized tensor-type and scalar-type ILIs. An interesting observation in LORE is that the evaluation of ILIs with ultraviolet-divergence-preserving (UVDP) parametrization naturally leads to Bjorken-Drell's analogy between Feynman diagrams and electric circuits, which enables us to treat systematically the divergences of Feynman diagrams and understand better the divergence structure of QFTs. The LORE method has been shown to be applicable to both underlying and effective QFTs. Its consistency and advantages have been demonstrated in a series of applications, which includes the Slavnov-Taylor-Ward-Takahaski identities of gauge theories and supersymmetric theories, quantum chiral anomaly, renormalization of scalar interaction and power-law running of scalar mass, quantum gravitational effects and asymptotic free power-law running of gauge couplings.
Optical multiband surface photometry of a sample of Seyfert galaxies - I. Large-scale morphology and local environment analysis of matched Seyfert and inactive galaxy samples

Context. Parallel analysis of the large-scale morphology and local environment of matched active and control galaxy samples plays an important role in studies of the fueling of active galactic nuclei. Aims. We carry out a detailed morphological characterization of a sample of 35 Seyfert galaxies and a matched sample of inactive galaxies in order to compare the evidence of non-axisymmetric perturbation of the potential and, in the second part of this paper, to be able to perform a multicomponent photometric decomposition of the Seyfert galaxies. Methods. We constructed contour maps, BVR C I C profiles of the surface brightness, ellipticity, and position angle, as well as colour index profiles. We further used colour index images, residual images, and structure maps, which helped clarify the morphology of the galaxies. We studied the presence of close companions using literature data. Results. By straightening out the morphological status of some of the objects, we derived an improved morphological classification and built a solid basis for a further multicomponent decomposition of the Seyfert sample. We report hitherto undetected (to our knowledge) structural components in some Seyfert galaxies - a bar (Ark 479), an oval/lens (Mrk 595), rings (Ark 120, Mrk 376), a nuclear bar and ring (Mrk 352), and nuclear dust lanes (Mrk 590). We compared the large-scale morphology and local environment of the Seyfert sample to those of the control one and found that (1) the two samples show similar incidences of bars, rings, asymmetries, and close companions; (2) the Seyfert bars are generally weaker than the bars of the control galaxies; (3) the bulk of the two samples shows morphological evidence of non-axisymmetric perturbations of the potential or close companions; (4) the fueling of Seyfert nuclei is not directly related to the large-scale morphology and local environment of their host galaxies.
Information, fidelity, and reversibility in single-qubit measurements

We explicitly calculate information, fidelity, and reversibility of an arbitrary single-qubit measurement on a completely unknown state. These quantities are expressed as functions of a single parameter, which is the ratio of the two singular values of the measurement operator corresponding to the obtained outcome. Thus, our results give information tradeoff relations to the fidelity and to the reversibility at the level of a single outcome rather than that of an overall outcome average.
Persona or Context? Towards Building Context adaptive Personalized Persuasive Virtual Sales Assistant

Task-oriented conversational agents are gaining immense popularity and success in a wide range of tasks, from flight ticket booking to online shopping. However, the existing systems presume that end-users will always have a pre-determined and servable task goal, which results in dialogue failure in hostile scenarios, such as goal unavailability. On the other hand, human agents accomplish users’ tasks even in a large number of goal unavailability scenarios by persuading them towards a very similar and servable goal. Motivated by the limitation, we propose and build a novel end-to-end multi-modal persuasive dialogue system incorporated with a personalized persuasive module aided goal controller and goal persuader. The goal controller recognizes goal conflicting/unavailability scenarios and formulates a new goal, while the goal persuader persuades users using a personalized persuasive strategy identified through dialogue context. We also present a novel automatic evaluation metric called Persuasiveness Measurement Rate (PMeR) for quantifying the persuasive capability of a conversational agent. The obtained improvements (both quantitative and qualitative) firmly establish the superiority and need of the proposed context-guided, personalized persuasive virtual agent over existing traditional task-oriented virtual agents. Furthermore, we also curated a multi-modal persuasive conversational dialogue corpus annotated with intent, slot, sentiment, and dialogue act for e-commerce domain.