Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Inhibition growth of Candida albicans which isolated from renal failure and controlling by silver nanoparticles extracted from Syzygium aromaticum

The samples of C. albicans were selected for a sensitivity test with three concentrations were selected, as follows (50 ,100 ,200) mg/L. the upper inhibition zone is 200 mg/L which increased as compared with other concentrations, the inhibition percentage used to compare between all data using SPSS V.25 computer software using a T-test. P - values of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Green synthesis using to produce silver nanoparticles by Syzygium aromaticum after adding the plant extract obtained of a silver nanoparticles when adding 4ml extract of S. aromaticum and the best pH to produce (AgNps) is 8 with wavelength 435 nm and 1 molarity by UV-visible devise. Field emission-scanning electron microscope (FESEM) revealed damage of the cells and inhibition biofilm formation of C.albicans when treated with AgNPs produce by S. aromaticum as compared with control of C.albicans which un treated with AgNPs,the inhibition growth diameter is 19mm when using 200 mg/L caused the upper inhibition zone as compared with other concentrations.
Challenges and Advances in the Taxonomy of Deep-Sea Peracarida: From Traditional to Modern Methods

As one of the oldest branches of biology, taxonomy deals with the identification, classification and naming of living organisms, using a variety of tools to explore traits at the morphological and molecular level. In the deep sea, particular challenges are posed to the taxonomic differentiation of species. Relatively limited sampling effort coupled with apparent high diversity, compared to many other marine environments, means that many species sampled are undescribed, and few specimens are available for each putative species. The resulting scarce knowledge of intraspecific variation makes it difficult to recognize species boundaries and thus to assess the actual diversity and distribution of species. In this review article, we highlight some of these challenges in deep-sea taxonomy using the example of peracarid crustaceans. Specifically, we offer a detailed overview of traditional as well as modern methods that are used in the taxonomic analysis of deep-sea Peracarida. Furthermore, methods are presented that have not yet been used in peracarid taxonomy, but have potential for the analysis of internal and external structures in the future. The focus of this compilation is on morphological methods for the identification, delimitation and description of species, with references to molecular analysis included where relevant, as these methods are an indispensable part of an integrative taxonomic approach. The taxonomic impediment, i.e. the shortage of taxonomists in view of a high undescribed biodiversity, is discussed in the context of the existing large taxonomic knowledge gaps in connection with the increasing threat to deep-sea ecosystems. Whilst peracarid crustaceans are used here as an exemplary taxon, the methodology described has broad relevance to many other deep-sea taxa, and thus will support broader research into deep-sea biodiversity and ecology more widely.
Complete chloroplast genome sequence of the carnivorous herb Pinguicula alpina (Lentibulariaceae)

Abstract We determined the complete chloroplast genome of Pinguicula alpina, a carnivorous plant using high-throughput sequencing technology. The deduced plastome is a closed circular molecule of 147,479 bp with a quadripartite structure, including a large single-copy region (LSC) of 81,937 bp, a small single-copy region (SSC) of 13,180 bp, and a pair of inverted repeat regions (IRs) of 26,181 bp. It contains 131 genes, comprising 82 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes. The GC content of the plastome, LSC, SSC, and IR regions are 38.1%, 36.1%, 31.4% and 43.0%, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that P. alpina was related to P. ehlersiae.
Critical Review on 3D Scaffolds Materials

New strategies have been developed to design advanced functional biomimetic structures. This paper reviewed the benefits and drawbacks of biomaterials that are used to manufacture 3D scaffolds in tissue engineering. In this paper, latest technological methods, scaffold requirements in development of single form, composite form and cell-laden based scaffolds, classification on the basis of geometry and main material is explained elaborately. These scaffolds promote different molecules can be delivered to tissue and stimulate cell growth. These cells have a therapeutic effect. The paper discusses the various 3D bio printed structures and the difficulties they encounter. The impacts of biologically functionalized biomaterials on soft and hard tissue engineering in vitro and in vivo are discussed. The paper summarized the future prospects for bioactive scaffolds, that can be used in clinical therapy.
Potential Distribution Range of Lycalopex culpaeus Species (Molina, 1782) in the Province of Chimborazo

Species distribution models are very useful for understanding and conserving the patterns and processes that explain biodiversity. The present study determined the potential distribution range of Lycalopex culpaeus (Molina, 1782) species in Chimborazo, Ecuador. A documentary research was conducted that included geographic and bibliographic information and the application of the MaxEnt software for data collection, estimation, and validation of the model. The results showed that the potential distribution range of the L. culpaeus species (Molina, 1782) modeled in the MaxEnt and filtered through the Jackknife test has a high predictive capacity, as indicated by the area under the curve (AUC) that reflects a value of 0.985 for which 28 occurrence sites and four environmental variables were used. The key environmental variables that shape the potential distribution of L. culpaeus (Molina, 1782) are temperature, precipitation, land use, and ecosystems. Therefore, in the province of Chimborazo, the habitat suitability for the L. culpaeus (Molina, 1782) species with a probability of >50% (0.49–0.99 points) corresponds to 34,255 hectares of its territory and is mainly found in the “paramo” grassland ecosystem in altitudes ranging from 2781 to 3345 masl. Keywords: Biodiversity, Fauna, Habitat, MaxEnt. Resumen Los modelos de distribución de especies son de gran utilidad para entender y conservar los patrones y los procesos que explican la biodiversidad. En tal sentido el presente estudio determinó el rango de distribución potencial de la especie Lycalopex culpaeus (Molina, 1782) en la provincia de Chimborazo. Este proceso se llevó a cabo a través de métodos de investigación documental que incluye información geográfica y bibliográfica y la aplicación del software MaxEnt a través del cual se desarrolló la obtención de datos, la estimación y validación del modelo. Los resultados reflejan que el rango de distribución potencial de la especie Lycalopex culpaeus (Molina, 1782) modelado en MaxEnt y filtrado a través de la prueba de Jackknife posee una alta capacidad predictiva, tal como lo indica el área bajo la curva (AUC) que refleja un valor de 0,985, para el cual se utilizó 28 sitios de ocurrencia y cuatro variables ambientales. Las variables ambientales clave que dan forma a la distribución potencial de Lycalopex culpaeus (Molina, 1782) son temperatura, precipitación, uso de suelo y ecosistemas, por tanto en la provincia de Chimborazo la idoneidad de hábitat para la especie Lycalopex culpaeus (Molina, 1782) con probabilidad mayor al 50 % (0,49-0,99 puntos) corresponde a 34.255 hectáreas de territorio para su distribución, y se encuentra principalmente en el ecosistema herbazal de páramo, en rangos altitudinales que varían de los 2781 a los 3345 msnm. Palabras Clave: Biodiversidad, Fauna, Hábitat, MaxEnt.
Flexural performance of RC beams externally strengthened with a single-layer of basalt fiber reinforced polymer sheets

Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer (BFRP) is an environment friendly strengthening material that can be used in several engineering applications. In this research, an experimental program was directed to investigate the BFRP strengthening adequacy of reinforced concrete beams. Eight simple-span beams were tested under the four-point bending test and were all made from the same concrete mixture. One layer of BFRP was applied on the soffit of B1, while this layer was wrapped partially along the sides of beams B2, B3, and B4 with vertical side extensions of 25, 75, and 105 mm, respectively, to evaluate the effect of vertical extension of the bottom BFRP layer on the flexural behavior of the strengthened beams. The beams B5 and B6 were strengthened with three BFRP U-strips along the flexural span without and with a bottom layer of BFRP sheet, respectively. On the other hand, the bottom and side surfaces of B7 were fully wrapped with a layer of BFRP, while B0 was kept without strengthening as a reference beam. The test results showed that strengthening with BFRP can noticeably improve the beam load capacity at cracking, yield, and ultimate stages. The ductility of strengthened beams was less than B0 by up to 33% for partial side strengthening and 45% for full side strengthening, while the toughness of all strengthened beams was higher than that of reference beam by 8–78%. The results also showed that increasing the vertical side extension of the bottom BFRP layer leads to significant load capacity increase.
Impact of cooperation flexibility on innovation flexibility in SMEs

Research background: Flexibility has become a possible means for manufacturing companies to better compete in competitive markets. Furthermore, innovations are perceived as an important factor in company strategy, which can differentiate the company from the competition. Purpose of the article: This present study investigates the problems of cooperation flexibility and innovation flexibility in manufacturing companies among electrical engineering companies in the Czech Republic. The aim of this paper is to identify the impact of cooperation flexibility on innovation flexibility in small and medium-sized manufacturing companies. Methods: A questionnaire addressed to SMEs in the form of the Likert scale was prepared to gather information about cooperation flexibility and innovation flexibility. All parts of the questionnaire were tested using Cronbach Alpha. Spearman correlation and regression analysis were used for analysis. Findings & value added: The results of the research show that external cooperation flexibility and internal cooperation flexibility is related to innovation flexibility in SMEs. Results of the research show that there is a positive relationship 1) between external cooperation flexibility and innovation flexibility and 2) between innovation flexibility and business performance at SMEs. The findings of the research contribute to an understanding of the relationship between cooperation flexibility, innovation flexibility and also innovation performance. The novelty value of this paper lies in its perception of flexibility as having two parts, namely external (with suppliers and customers) and internal cooperation flexibility. In addition, innovation flexibility was investigated in two fields, product, and accompanying services to products. The view mentioned provides a complex view of flexibility.
A Physics-Guided Neural Network for Predicting Protein–Ligand Binding Free Energy: From Host–Guest Systems to the PDBbind Database

Calculation of protein–ligand binding affinity is a cornerstone of drug discovery. Classic implicit solvent models, which have been widely used to accomplish this task, lack accuracy compared to experimental references. Emerging data-driven models, on the other hand, are often accurate yet not fully interpretable and also likely to be overfitted. In this research, we explore the application of Theory-Guided Data Science in studying protein–ligand binding. A hybrid model is introduced by integrating Graph Convolutional Network (data-driven model) with the GBNSR6 implicit solvent (physics-based model). The proposed physics-data model is tested on a dataset of 368 complexes from the PDBbind refined set and 72 host–guest systems. Results demonstrate that the proposed Physics-Guided Neural Network can successfully improve the “accuracy” of the pure data-driven model. In addition, the “interpretability” and “transferability” of our model have boosted compared to the purely data-driven model. Further analyses include evaluating model robustness and understanding relationships between the physical features.
Dietary Supplementation of Limosilactobacillus mucosae LM1 Enhances Immune Functions and Modulates Gut Microbiota Without Affecting the Growth Performance of Growing Pigs

Limosilactobacillus mucosae LM1 (LM1) is previously isolated from the intestine of piglets, but its potential as a probiotic supplement has not yet been assessed in growing pigs. In this study, we analyzed the probiotic effect of LM1 on the growth performance, apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of nutrients, immune properties, intestinal morphology, and gut microbiota and their metabolites in growing pigs. The experiment included 145 Duroc × (Landrace × Yorkshire) pigs (average body weight: 21.21 ± 1.14 kg) distributed into five treatment groups. The pigs were fed either a control diet (CON), or the control diet supplemented with incremental doses of LM1, namely low-dose LM1 (LL, 8.3 × 108 CFU/kg), moderate-low dose LM1 (ML, 4.2 × 109 CFU/kg), moderate-high dose LM1 (MH, 8.3 × 109 CFU/kg), and high-dose LM1 (HH, 2.1 × 1010 CFU/kg) for 42 d. On d 42, 12 pigs from each of the CON and MH groups were slaughtered. The results indicated that the ATTD of nitrogen (N, P = 0.038) was improved with MH supplementation. In addition, increasing dose of LM1 improved the immune response in pigs by reducing serum pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-alpha) and increasing anti-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-10). Pigs fed with MH LM1 also had higher jejunal villus height and ileal villus height: crypt depth ratio, demonstrating improved intestinal morphology. Moreover, moderate-high LM1 supplementation enriched SCFA-producing taxa such as Lactobacillus, Holdemanella, Peptococcus, Bifidobacterium, Eubacterium_hallii_group, and Lachnospiraceae_AC2044_group, which correlated positively with increased fecal levels of butyrate and iso-valerate. These results strongly suggest the probiotic potential of LM1 on growing pigs. Overall, the current study provides insights on the use of L. mucosae LM1 as a novel livestock probiotic to improve pig gut health.
Analysis of Crypto-Ransomware Using Network Traffic

Ransomware is a form of malware attack that makes use of encryption to make information inaccessible for the motive of gathering a specified amount of payment. Many victims of this attack who couldn’t recover their information from backups have been compelled to decide between losing the information or paying the sum requested by the attacker. This research shows some of the various samples of ransomware, the phases of attack, and the chance of recognizing ransomware by the network traffic patterns it generates. Traffic generated from the infected system was considered. Experimental results from the ransomware detection show that some certain ransomware is very noisy and generates noticeable traffic patterns. In light of traffic information gathered from ransomware, conceivable discovery thoughts could be investigated. The result of the analysis shows that some ransomware generates traffic that is different from normal network traffic. Also, the infection of the file server system shows that the length and time vary but after infection the time for the different samples of ransomware to carry out its encryption is constant.
Penicillin and tetracycline residues in selected fresh and UHT milk with different fat contents

The aim of the present work was to determine the residues of penicillin and tetracycline in selected fresh and UHT milk with different fat contents (< 2, 2, and > 2%). A total of 84 different milk samples (36 fresh and 48 UHT) purchased from retail chains in Silesia Region (Poland) were analysed. Penicillin and tetracycline residues were determined by the ELISA immunoenzymatic method. The obtained results were compared with MRL values adopted in Commission Regulation (EU) No. 37/2010. The results were additionally analysed statistically. Penicillin and tetracycline were found to be common in the analysed milk samples. Both antibiotics were present in low concentrations, and not exceeding their MRL. The median of penicillin residues was 0.298 µg/L, and 0.970 µg/L for tetracycline. For some samples, the determined levels of antibiotic residues did not exceed the limit of detection (LOD): three samples for penicillin (1.15%), and 24 samples for tetracycline (28.57%). A weak negative correlation between the level of penicillin and tetracycline residues was found (p = -0.218), where the decrease in penicillin concentration weakly correlated to the increase in tetracycline concentration. The level of residues of both antibiotics was significantly higher in fresh milk than in UHT milk (by 11.75% for penicillin, and 17.73% for tetracycline); for penicillin, Zcorrected = 2.445, and p = 0.0145, and for tetracycline, Zcorrected = 3.914, and p = 0.000091.
In Silico Study of Chemical Compounds in Plantago major L. as Anti-Androgen

Prostate cancer is the most common type of cancer diagnosed in men worldwide and the second leading cause of death after lung cancer. Testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) have been known to play an essential role in prostate cancer. Androgen receptor (AR) binding to the ligand allows homodimerization and translocation to the nucleus, which acts as a transcription factor for androgen-responsive genes such as PSA (Prostate-specific antigen). Although many anti-androgens have been established, including Bicalutamide, Flutamide, and Abiraterone, the problem of non-specific cytotoxicity effects and cancer recurrence due to potential drug resistance remains a significant obstacle to establishing effective therapy. Plantago major L. is one of the plants that can choose anticancer therapy because, based on reports, it has anticancer activity through DNA damage in cancer cells. This study focused on the search for the potential phytochemical activity of Plantago major L. as an anti-androgen, non-cytotoxic, and had significant AR inhibitory activity. This study uses Lipinski prediction (RO5), ADMET prediction, and a structure-based approach with molecular docking techniques using the PDB ID 2AM9 receptor structure and 13 compounds from Plantago major L. as test ligands compared to known AR antagonists. From the research results, Hispidulin has the highest potential as an anti-androgen with binding energy (-9.43 kcal/mol) that is closest to natural ligands and is smaller than Flutamide as a comparison drug. This anti-androgen activity was hypothesized from the similarity of hydrogen bonds with amino acid residues 705-Asn and 711-Gln as key AR residues present in Hispidulin.Keywords: Prostate cancer, Androgen Receptor, Plantago major L. , ADMET, In Silico.
Representation of the Chepang in Local Government: A Study of Local Election 2022

The study analyzes the representation of the Chepang in the local election 2022. Political representation is only the way to participate people into decision making process. The issue of proper representation has been raised in since long time. Constitutionally and legally Nepal has made some provisions of proper representation and implemented through election process. In this context, the study concentrates on how is the situation of representation of the Chepang in local government that has just been formed by the election of April 2022. The study was followed qualitative research design and data were collected through secondary sources. In qualitative research design, the study applied interpretative technique and data were interpreted projected through table. Conclusion has been made on the basis of data interpretation and analysis. Through data it is found that the situation of the political representation of the Chepang in local government is in increasing trend but the current elected number is not sufficient decision making process.
Gravitational collapse with non-vanishing tangential pressure

Using the general formalism for spherical gravitational collapse developed in [1], we investigate here the final fate of a spherical distribution of a matter cloud, where radial pressures vanish but tangential pressures are non-zero. Within this framework, firstly we examine the effect of introducing a generic small pressure in a well-known black hole formation process, which is that of an otherwise pressure-free dust cloud. The intriguing result we find is that a dust collapse that was going to a black hole final state could now go to a naked singularity final configuration, when arbitrarily small tangential pressures are introduced. The implications of such a scenario are discussed in some detail. Secondly, the approach here allows us to generalize the earlier results obtained on gravitational collapse with non-zero tangential pressure, in the presence of a non-zero cosmological constant. Finally, we discuss the genericity of black hole and naked singularity formation in collapse with non-zero tangential pressure. The treatment here gives a unified and complete picture on collapse final states, in terms of black hole and naked singularity formation, generalizing the earlier results obtained for this class of collapse models. Thus the role of tangential stresses towards determining collapse endstates emerges in a straightforward and transparent manner in our treatment.
Critical evaluation of NDT for rapid condition assessment of existing RC buildings: A case study

There is an urgent need for rapid and reliable condition assessment of existing reinforced concrete (RC) buildings as a basis for structural safety evaluation, especially in developing countries in seismic regions such as Turkey. Traditionally, RC structures are evaluated by taking core samples from a limited number of structural elements for concrete strength and performing spot checks for the steel reinforcement by removing the concrete cover. In-situ concrete strength is determined through compression testing of core samples. Through spot checks, conformance of the existing reinforcement with the structural drawings is evaluated and a reinforcement realization factor is calculated for use in the analyses. Even though these conventional methods are relatively more accurate and reliable for condition assessment of existing RC structures, they are destructive, involved, time taking, slow and expensive. Non-destructive testing (NDT) methods are proposed as a solution to this problem. Using NDT methods in conjunction with a relatively small number of core tests potentially allows for more rapid yet still reliable condition assessment of existing structures. In this paper, a critical evaluation of rapid and reliable condition assessment methods is made through investigations on an 18-story residential RC building as a case study. Investigation results show that using NDT helps achieve time and cost savings while allowing for reliable condition assessment of existing buildings, and promises further savings through continued research and development in this area.