Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Generative adversarial networks-based image steganography with multiscale features integration

Abstract. As an effective method of information hiding, steganography embeds secret information into images in a way that is not perceived by humans. Recent interest in the combination of image steganography and generative adversarial networks (GANs) has yielded rapid progress. However, existing steganography frameworks still suffer from the low quality of the steganographic images and weak resistance to detection by steganalysis algorithms. To overcome these limitations, we propose an effective GAN-based image steganography framework with multiscale features integration. Specifically, we construct the secret image feature extraction network (SfeNet), which is driven by the spatial attention mechanism to extract multiscale features of secret images. And the encoder combined with the efficient channel attention mechanism is presented to embed multiscale features of secret images into the cover image. Subsequently, a steganalyzer is incorporated as the discriminator with the encoder in GAN to strengthen the ability of the model to resist steganalysis. Besides, a mixed loss function is proposed by combining perceptual loss, MS-SSIM, and L1 loss to preserve the structural similarity of images. Experimental results on ImageNet, Pascal VOC2012, and LFW show that the proposed method achieves better quality steganographic images and better resistance to steganalysis compared to some of the state-of-the-art steganography algorithms.
Suzaku observation of a high entropy cluster Abell 548W

Abell 548W, one of the galaxy clusters located in the Abell 548 region, has about an order of magnitude lower X-ray luminosity compared to ordinal clusters in view of the well known intracluster medium (ICM) temperature vs X-ray luminosity (kT-L_X) relation. The cluster hosts a pair of diffuse radio sources to the north west and north, both about 10' apart from the cluster center. They are candidate radio relics, frequently associated with merging clusters. A Suzaku deep observation with exposure of 84.4 ks was performed to search signatures for merging in this cluster. The XIS detectors successfully detected the ICM emission out to 16' from the cluster center. The temperature is ~3.6 keV around its center, and ~2 keV at the outermost regions. The hot region (~6 keV) aside the relic candidates shifted to the cluster center reported by XMM-Newton was not seen in the Suzaku data, although its temperature of 3.6 keV itself is higher than the average temperature of 2.5 keV around the radio sources. In addition, a signature of a cool (kT ~0.9 keV) component was found around the north west source. A marginal temperature jump at its outer-edge was also found, consistent with the canonical idea of shock acceleration origin of the radio relics. The cluster has among the highest central entropy of ~400 keV cm^2 and is one of the so-called low surface brightness clusters. Taking into account the fact that its shape itself is relatively circular and smooth and also its temperature structure is nearly flat, possible scenarios for merging is discussed.
The mathieu functions applied to some problems in underwater acoustics

The purpose of this paper is to present examples of the application of the Mathieu functions to solving problems in the field of acoustics, mainly underwater acoustics. The Mathieu functions have application to aspects of waves related to ellipses and elliptical cylinders: elliptical membrane vibration, vibration of water in elliptical containers, etc. The reason why theses functions have attracted little attention so far is mainly the complexity of the issues they involve. Among all the other functions occurring during the separation of the variables in a wave equation (with partial derivatives) in various co-ordinate systems, the Mathieu functions were the first non-hypergeometric ones. Hence, there are difficulties in the theory of these functions, as well as the calculations involved. The reflection of a sound-wave is studied at an inhomogeneous layer with parallel surfaces separating two homogeneous semi-infinite media having different indices.
STN-Track: Multiobject Tracking of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles by Swin Transformer Neck and New Data Association Method

The gradual development of remote sensing object tracking technology based on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) videos has become one of the main research directions in the field of visual tracking. However, due to characteristics of the UAV platform, typical visual tracking algorithms currently applied to natural scenes cannot be used directly. Small-scale objects in UAV remote sensing videos are difficult to detect and have the problem of tracking identity switching. In order to solve these problems, we designed the Swin transformer neck-YOLOX (STN-YOLOX) object detection algorithm as the detection module, and the G-Byte data association method as the tracking module. We then combined the two into a new multiobject tracking algorithm named STN-Track. We used STN-Track to conduct experiments on the UAVDT and VisDrone MOT datasets. The experimental results show that compared with the current state-of-the-art (SOTA) methods, our STN-Track has improved detection and tracking accuracy of small-scale objects and greatly improved identification capabilities for object tracking. Compared with the SOTA ByteTrack algorithm, MOTA of STN-Track can be improved by up to 3.2%, APS can be improved by up to 4.4%, MT can be improved by up to 6.8%, and IDSW can be reduced by up to 28.0%.
Application Prospect and Preliminary Exploration of GelMA in Corneal Stroma Regeneration

Corneal regeneration has become a prominent study area in recent decades. Because the corneal stroma contributes about 90% of the corneal thickness in the corneal structure, corneal stromal regeneration is critical for the treatment of cornea disease. Numerous materials, including deacetylated chitosan, hydrophilic gel, collagen, gelatin methacrylate (GelMA), serine protein, glycerol sebacate, and decellularized extracellular matrix, have been explored for keratocytes regeneration. GelMA is one of the most prominent materials, which is becoming more and more popular because of its outstanding three-dimensional scaffold structure, strong mechanics, good optical transmittance, and biocompatibility. This review discussed recent research on corneal stroma regeneration materials and related GelMA.
Two new fossil xyelids (Hymenoptera, Xyelidae) from the Middle Jurassic of Inner Mongolia, China

ABSTRACT One new genus Evacuxyela gen. nov., with two new species, Evacuxyela conflata sp. nov. and Evacuxyela hsiaoae sp. nov., is described and illustrated on the basis of two fossils from the Middle Jurassic Jiulongshan Formation of northeastern China. The new genus Evacuxyela gen. nov. is placed in the subfamily Macroxyelinae Ashmead, 1898, tribe Angaridyellini of Xyelidae, mainly based on veins C and R connected by a bridge next to pterostigma. The two new fossil species are similar, but differentiated by degree of expansion for hind femur, sclerotisation of pterostigma and venational details. In addition, the well-preserved spurs and expanded femora of hind legs provide important morphological characters to enhance our understanding of Xyelidae. ZooBank ID (LSID): Evacuxyela: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:28654048-3C2C-434F-9800-BF70BD85C65A Evacuxyela conflata: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2F1CBEA3-B537-4286-9B79-6D5DFD469A8A Evacuxyela hsiaoae: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:683F1C5E-5219-48C4-8011-CEBA5A08E255
It is hard to learn how gravity and electromagnetism couple

We construct the most general effective Lagrangian coupling gravity and electromagnetism up to mass dimension 6 by enumerating all possible nonminimal coupling terms respecting both diffeomorphism and gauge invariance. In all, there are only two unique terms after field redefinitions: one is known to arise from loop effects in QED, while the other is a parity-violating term which may be generated by weak interactions within the standard model of particle physics. We show that neither the cosmological propagation of light nor, contrary to earlier claims, solar system tests of general relativity are useful probes of these terms. These nonminimal couplings of gravity and electromagnetism may remain a mystery for the foreseeable future.
Holm Oak (Quercus ilex subsp. ballota (Desf.) Samp.) Bark Aqueous Ammonia Extract for the Control of Invasive Forest Pathogens

Holm oak (Quercus ilex subsp. ballota (Desf.) Samp. ) bark is a commonly used remedy to treat gastrointestinal disorders, throat and skin infections, hemorrhages, and dysentery. It has also been previously reported that its methanol extracts possess antibacterial activity, which can be related to the richness of Quercus spp. extracts in phenolic compounds, such as flavonoids and tannins. However, there is no information on the antifungal (including oomycete) properties of the bark from Q. ilex or its subspecies (ilex and ballota). In this work, we report the characterization of the aqueous ammonia extract of its bark by FTIR and GC-MS and the results of in vitro and ex situ inhibition tests against three phytopathogens. The main phytochemical components identified were inositols (19.5%), trans-squalene (13%), 4-butoxy-1-butanol (11.4%), gulopyranose (9.6%), lyxose (6.5%), 2,4-dimethyl-benzo[H]quinoline (5.1%), catechol (4.5%), and methoxyphenols (4.2%). The efficacy of the extract in controlling forest phytopathogens was tested in vitro against Fusarium circinatum (responsible for pitch canker of Pinus spp.), Cryphonectria parasitica (which causes chestnut blight), and Phytophthora cinnamomi (which causes ‘root and crown rot’ in a variety of hosts, including Castanea, conifers, Eucalyptus, Fagus, Juglans, Quercus, etc.), obtaining EC90 values of 322, 295, and 75 μg·mL−1, respectively, much lower than those attained for a commercial strobilurin fungicide (azoxystrobin). The extract was further tested ex situ against P. cinnamomi on artificially inoculated, excised stems of ‘Garnem’ almond rootstock, attaining complete protection at a dose of 782 μg·mL−1. The results suggest that holm oak bark extract may be a promising source of bioactive compounds against invasive forest pathogens, including the oomycete that is causing its decline, the so-called ‘seca’ in Spain.
High electrical conductivity of P type a-SiGe:H films deposited by PECVD

Highly doped films P type a-SiGe:H and undoped a-SiGe:H films with different germanium content were studied by electrical and morphology characterization for increase their electrical conductivity value (maximum value found: 6.1 × 10−2 Ω−1cm−1). The samples were deposited by low frequency (LF) PECVD at 200°C, 1.2 Torr of pressure at RF frequency of 110 kHz. Boron was used as dopant in the range from 0.26 % to 4% in steps of 0.26% approximately. The most conductivity films were obtained at 4% boron in gas phase, this characteristic made the material attractive for development of TFTs as source and drain regions. Additionally, the p type material allows the possibility of producing the CMOS technology in the TFTs technology, also it may be deposited in flexible substrates and used in solar cell as emitter. On the other hand the a-Ge is used for passivating the surface of high-purity Ge detectors.
Dynamical models for the formation of elephant trunks in H ii regions

The formation of pillars of dense gas at the boundaries of H ii regions is investigated with hydrodynamical numerical simulations including ionizing radiation from a point source. We show that shadowing of ionizing radiation by an inhomogeneous density field is capable of forming so-called elephant trunks (pillars of dense gas as in e.g. M16) without the assistance of self-gravity or of ionization front and cooling instabilities. A large simulation of a density field containing randomly generated clumps of gas is shown to naturally generate elephant trunks with certain clump configurations. These configurations are simulated in isolation and analysed in detail to show the formation mechanism and determine possible observational signatures. Pillars formed by the shadowing mechanism are shown to have rather different velocity profiles depending on the initial gas configuration, but asymmetries mean that the profiles also vary significantly with perspective, limiting their ability to discriminate between formation scenarios. Neutral and molecular gas cooling are shown to have a strong effect on these results.
Fabrication Mechanisms of Lignin Nanoparticles and Their Ultraviolet Protection Ability in PVA Composite Film

Lignin is an indispensable and essential compound present in plants. It is a renewable resource and a green alternative to traditional petroleum energy. The rational utilization of lignin can reduce the environmental damage caused by traditional industrial development. The preparation of lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) using the self-assembly method is one of the most favorable ways to achieve high value-added utilization of lignin. However, the process requires an in-depth understanding of the sphere-forming mechanism of lignin self-assembly and the interaction of self-assembly forces. We used the same raw materials and two different preparation methods to prepare LNPs. The results revealed that the variation in the order of the dropwise addition of lignin solution and deionized water produced LNPs with varying average sizes. The sphere-forming mechanisms of the two kinds of lignin nanoparticles were discussed for the preparation of UV-resistant polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymeric films. During lignin spherification, the faster the solution reaches the supersaturation state, the faster the spherogenesis rate is, the smaller the size is, and the narrower the particle size distribution is. The lignin micro/nanospheres are produced by exploiting the π–π bonding interactions in lignin itself. The lignin micro/nanospheres are then mixed with PVA to form a film to obtain a lignin–PVA composite film material with an anti-UV effect.
Anakinra for the Treatment of Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: 21 Cases

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a life-threatening cytokine storm syndrome. There are no definitive guidelines for the management of secondary HLH (sHLH). A recent report by a National Health Service (NHS) clinical panel has recommended anakinra as a treatment option. We aimed to analyse the efficacy and safety of anakinra for the treatment of all-cause sHLH. We conducted a multicentric retrospective study in two French University hospitals and included all patients who had a diagnosis of sHLH and who received anakinra. Among 21 patients (median age, 45 years), 13 were men. Anakinra was used as first-line therapy in 10 patients, and as monotherapy in 5 patients. We found that anakinra was effective in 19/21 patients (90.5%), with fever resolution in 19 patients (90.5%) within a median of 1.0 day (1, 2). At the Day 7 assessment, the mean CRP concentration decreased significantly (p < 0.001), as did the mean ferritin (p = 0.011). Anakinra was generally safe and well tolerated and was discontinued for side effects in only three patients (14.3%). Anakinra is an efficient and safe treatment to control sHLH of various causes. These data, together with the recent report of the NHS panel, call for the rapid conduct of prospective randomized clinical trials.
Dynamical invariants and diffusion of merger substructures in time-dependent gravitational potentials

This paper explores a mathematical technique for deriving dynamical invariants (i.e. constants of motion) in time-dependent gravitational potentials. The method relies on the construction of a canonical transformation that removes the explicit time-dependence from the Hamiltonian of the system. By referring the phase-space locations of particles to a coordinate frame in which the potential remains `static' the dynamical effects introduced by the time evolution vanish. It follows that dynamical invariants correspond to the integrals of motion for the static potential expressed in the transformed coordinates. The main difficulty of the method reduces to solving the differential equations that define the canonical transformation, which are typically coupled with the equations of motion. We discuss a few examples where both sets of equations can be exactly de-coupled, and cases that require approximations. The construction of dynamical invariants has far-reaching applications. These quantities allow us, for example, to describe the evolution of (statistical) microcanonical ensembles in time-dependent gravitational potentials without relying on ergodicity or probability assumptions. As an illustration, we follow the evolution of dynamical fossils in galaxies that build up mass hierarchically. It is shown that the growth of the host potential tends to efface tidal substructures in the integral-of-motion space through an orbital diffusion process. The inexorable cycle of deposition, and progressive dissolution, of tidal clumps naturally leads to the formation of a `smooth' stellar halo.
Stability Analysis of Strange-Modes in Hot Massive Stars with Time-Dependent Convection

We carry out a nonadiabatic analysis of strange-modes in hot massive stars with time-dependent convection (TDC). In envelopes of such stars, convective luminosity is not so dominant as that in envelopes of stars in the redder side of the classical instability strip. Around the Fe opacity bump, however, convection non-negligibly contributes to energy transfer. Indeed, instability of modes excited at the Fe bump is likely to be suppressed with TDC compared with the case of adopting the frozen-in convection approximation. But we make sure that unstable strange-modes certainly appear in hot massive stars even by taking into account TDC. We also examine properties of the strange-mode instability, which is related to destabilization of strange-modes without adiabatic counterparts. In this type of instability, the phase lag between density and pressure varies from 0 to $180^{\circ}$ in an excitation zone unlike the case of the $\kappa$-mechanism. In addition, we confirm by comparing models with $Z=0$ and $Z=0.02$ that dominance of radiation pressure is important for this type of instability.
A Review of Contact Lens-Related Risk Factors and Complications

The purpose of this article is to develop a modern strategy for handling difficulties related to contact lenses and their care. A growing number of people throughout the world are currently concerned by eye-related undesirable activities in allergy sufferers and those wearing contact lenses. While many wearers who experience ocular discomfort exhibit dryness as a symptom, many other contact lens-related pain symptoms also include irritation and fatigue, and managing coexisting diseases must be done in accordance with aspects of wearing contact lenses, all of which undoubtedly increase discomfort. It is typical for contact lens storage containers to have persistent microbial contamination, which has been linked to microbial keratitis (MK) and clear corneal invasion. Contact lens-associated MK is an interesting, potentially sight-threatening complexity arising from wearing soft contact lenses. Estimates show that for every 10,000 persons who wear contact lenses each year, there are 2 to 5 occurrences of MK. Investigating separate determinants for contact lens-associated MK and evaluating their impact on infection load is one of the challenges in their administration. It is hoped that this will offer a useful outline of the complicated issues of contact lens wear that are both infectious and non-infectious. Recent epidemiological studies detailing the risk factors associated with contact lens use, and the effect of pathogen and individual immune profiles on the severity of diseases have enlightened how we might interpret the prophylaxis and prevention of contact lens-related corneal infection. The most dreaded side effect of contact lens use, infectious keratitis linked with contact lenses, will be reviewed, along with the most recent advancements in its diagnosis and treatment.
Debris disc formation induced by planetary growth

Several hundred stars older than 10 million years have been observed to have infrared excesses. These observations are explained by dust grains formed by the collisional fragmentation of hidden planetesimals. Such dusty planetesimal discs are known as debris discs. In a dynamically cold planetesimal disc, collisional coagulation of planetesimals produces planetary embryos which then stir the surrounding leftover planetesimals. Thus, the collisional fragmentation of planetesimals that results from planet formation forms a debris disc. We aim to determine the properties of the underlying planetesimals in debris discs by numerically modelling the coagulation and fragmentation of planetesimal populations. The brightness and temporal evolution of debris discs depend on the radial distribution of planetesimal discs, the location of their inner and outer edges, their total mass, and the size of planetesimals in the disc. We find that a radially narrow planetesimal disc is most likely to result in a debris disc that can explain the trend of observed infrared excesses of debris discs around G-type stars, for which planet formation occurs only before 100 million years. Early debris disc formation is induced by planet formation, while the later evolution is explained by the collisional decay of leftover planetesimals around planets that have already formed. Planetesimal discs with underlying planetesimals of radii $\sim 100\,$km at $\approx 30$ AU most readily explain the Spitzer Space Telescope 24 and 70$ \mu$m fluxes from debris discs around G-type stars.
Approaches to Local Community Participation in Tourism Development

Tourism has gradually developed in the wave of human civilization. However, it has not reached the level of Sustainable Tourism Development (STD). This paper is trying to explore its underneath causes by applying the desk study research method. This study has underscored two major reasons for no confirmation of STD to date. The first one is the misuse of Local Community Participation (LCP) instead of assuring the sovereign role of locals for their participation from tourism planning to its execution. The second one is ‘no successful attempts of the researchers to make holistic planning from different approaches given by the researchers in the ‘tourism and travel’. Furthermore, in the developing economy where good governance is hard to realize, even the sectoral planning of each economic sector is to be made and implemented as a backup plan.
Chemical Modification, Characterization, and Activity Changes of Land Plant Polysaccharides: A Review

Plant polysaccharides are widely found in nature and have a variety of biological activities, including immunomodulatory, antioxidative, and antitumoral. Due to their low toxicity and easy absorption, they are widely used in the health food and pharmaceutical industries. However, low activity hinders the wide application. Chemical modification is an important method to improve plant polysaccharides’ physical and chemical properties. Through chemical modification, the antioxidant and immunomodulatory abilities of polysaccharides were significantly improved. Some polysaccharides with poor water solubility also significantly improved their water solubility after modification. Chemical modification of plant polysaccharides has become an important research direction. Research on the modification of plant polysaccharides is currently increasing, but a review of the various modification studies is absent. This paper reviews the research progress of chemical modification (sulfation, phosphorylation, acetylation, selenization, and carboxymethylation modification) of land plant polysaccharides (excluding marine plant polysaccharides and fungi plant polysaccharides) during the period of January 2012–June 2022, including the preparation, characterization, and biological activity of modified polysaccharides. This study will provide a basis for the deep application of land plant polysaccharides in food, nutraceuticals, and pharmaceuticals.