Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effective Quantum Mechanics of a falling particle.

We analyze the problem of one dimensional quantum particle falling in a constant gravitational field, also known as the {\it bouncing ball}, employing a semiclassical approach known as momentous effective quantum mechanics. In this formalism the quantum evolution is described through a dynamical system of infinite dimension for the position, the momentum and all dispersions. Usually the system is truncated to have a finite dimensional one, however, in this case equations of motion decouple and the system can be solved. For a specific set of initial conditions we find that the time dependent dispersion in position is always around the classical trajectory.
Secure quantum routing

We show that a quantum network can protect the identity of a sender and receiver from an external wiretapper. This new quantum communication protocol, which we call secure quantum routing, requires only single photons routed by linear optical elements and photon counters, and does not require distributing entanglement over multiple nodes or active feedforward. We prove that secure quantum routing protects both the contents of the message and the identity of the sender and receiver, and creates only a negligible reduction in the network channel capacity.
First genetic characterization of human cystic echinococcosis in Uruguay

ABSTRACT Cystic echinococcosis is endemic and hyperendemic in Uruguay. The objective of this study was to determine the species and genotype of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato in symptomatic patients with cystic echinococcosis who underwent surgery, together with the location and stage of the cysts. The study included 13 patients aged between 6 and 57 years old. Samples of cysts from these cases were analyzed using DNA extraction, polymerase chain reaction amplification and sequencing. The results revealed the presence of E. granulosus sensu stricto in all cases, with 12 samples belonging to the G1 genotype and 1 to the G3 genotype, suggesting that disease persistence might be related to the dog–sheep cycle. However, other intermediate hosts, such as cattle, could also be involved. Cysts were most frequently found in the liver, followed by muscle and other sites (e.g. pulmonary, vertebral, pelvic and cardiac); and stage CE1 was most frequently found, followed by CE2 and CE3b. Three cases occurred in children or adolescents, suggesting an active parasite cycle in at least some areas of the country. Since there is considerable diversity of E. granulosus sensu lato species and genotypes in South America, it is important to continue the present study in order to draw stronger epidemiological conclusions.
Effect of the refreshment on the liquid sourdough preparation

The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of refreshments on the growth of endogenous microorganisms during liquid sourdough preparation by using an Italian and Mexican wheat flours and its effects on the physico-chemical properties (pH, total titratable acidity, water activity, moisture content and reducing sugars). The liquid sourdoughs were prepared (DY 200) and incubated for 6 days at 20°C. The sourdoughs were refreshed every day and compared with the not-refreshed ones. Preliminary results showed that in the early stages of the microbial growth process, their population was greater in the sourdough made from the Mexican wheat flour than that of the Italian one. However, after 6 days, the microbial population was not significantly different in refreshed or not-refreshed samples for both sourdoughs (Italian and Mexican). Similarly, physicochemical properties did not show significant differences.
Revisit Lmser and its further development based on convolutional layers

Proposed in 1991, Least Mean Square Error Reconstruction for self-organizing network, shortly Lmser, was a further development of the traditional auto-encoder (AE) by folding the architecture with respect to the central coding layer and thus leading to the features of symmetric weights and neurons, as well as jointly supervised and unsupervised learning. However, its advantages were only demonstrated in a one-hidden-layer implementation due to the lack of computing resources and big data at that time. In this paper, we revisit Lmser from the perspective of deep learning, develop Lmser network based on multiple convolutional layers, which is more suitable for image-related tasks, and confirm several Lmser functions with preliminary demonstrations on image recognition, reconstruction, association recall, and so on. Experiments demonstrate that Lmser indeed works as indicated in the original paper, and it has promising performance in various applications.
Uplink Grant-Free Random Access Solutions for URLLC services in 5G New Radio

The newly introduced ultra-reliable low latency communication service class in 5G New Radio depends on innovative low latency radio resource management solutions that can guarantee high reliability. Grant-free random access, where channel resources are accessed without undergoing assignment through a handshake process, is proposed in 5G New Radio as an important latency reducing solution. However, this comes at an increased likelihood of collisions resulting from uncontrolled channel access, when the same resources are preallocated to a group of users. Novel reliability enhancement techniques are therefore needed. This article provides an overview of grant-free random access in 5G New Radio focusing on the ultra-reliable low latency communication service class, and presents two reliability-enhancing solutions. The first proposes retransmissions over shared resources, whereas the second proposal incorporates grant-free transmission with non-orthogonal multiple access with overlapping transmissions being resolved through the use of advanced receivers. Both proposed solutions result in significant performance gains, in terms of reliability as well as resource efficiency. For example, the proposed non-orthogonal multiple access scheme can support a normalized load of more than 1.5 users/slot at packet loss rates of ~10^{-5} - a significant improvement over the maximum supported load with conventional grant-free schemes like slotted-ALOHA.
The Characteristics of Microbiome and Cytokines in Healthy Implants and Peri-Implantitis of the Same Individuals

Aim: To characterize the profile of submucosal microbiome and cytokine levels in peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) from clinically healthy implants and peri-implantitis in the same individuals. Material and Methods: A total of 170 patients were screened and, finally, 14 patients with at least one healthy implant and one peri-implantitis implant were included. Submucosal microbiota and cytokines from 28 implants were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and multifactor assays, respectively. Correlations of clinical indexes and microbiota or cytokines were analyzed using Spearman’s correlation coefficient. A random forest classification model was constructed. Results: Peri-implantitis sites harbored higher microbial diversity, as well as more Gram-negative bacteria and anaerobic bacteria, compared with healthy implants sites. The genera of Peptostreptococcaceae XIG-1, Treponema, Porphyromonas, and Lachnospiraceae G-8, as well as the cytokines of IL-17A, IL-6, IL-15, G-CSF, RANTES, and IL-1β were significantly higher in peri-implantitis than healthy implants. Furthermore, these genera and cytokines had positive relationships with clinical parameters, including probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), and marginal bone loss (MBL). The classification model picked out the top 15 biomarkers, such as IL-17A, IL-6, IL-15, VEGF, IL-1β, Peptostreptococcaceae XIG-1, Haemophilus, and Treponema, and obtained an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.85. Conclusions: There are more pathogenic bacteria and inflammatory cytokines in peri-implantitis sites, and biomarkers could facilitate the diagnosis of peri-implantitis.
We do not live in the Rh = ct universe

We analyse the possibility that our Universe could be described by the model recently proposed by Melia & Shevchuk (2012), where the Hubble scaleRh = c/H is at all times equal to the distance ct that light has travelled since the Big Bang. In such a model, the scale factor is proportional to cosmic time and there is neither acceleration nor decelerat ion of the expansion. We first point out problems with the very foundations of the model and its consequences for the evolution of the Universe. Next, we compare predictions of the model with observational data. As probes of the expansion we use distance data of supernovae type Ia, as well as Hubble rate data obtained from cosmic chronometers and radial baryon acoustic oscillatio ns. We analyse the redshift evolution of the Hubble parameter and its redshift derivatives, toget her with the so-called Om diagnostic and the deceleration parameter. To reliably estimate smoot h functions and their derivatives from discrete data, we use the recently developed Gaussian Processes in Python package (GaPP). Our general conclusion is that the discussed model is strongly d isfavoured by observations, especially at low redshifts (z . 0.5). In particular, it predicts specific constant values for th e deceleration parameter and for redshift derivatives of the Hubble parame ter, which is ruled out by the data.
Determination of Organophosphorus Pesticides (or Herbicides) in Soybean by Gas Chromatography (or High Performance Liquid Chromatography)

: improving the yield and quality of crops. However, the problem of pesticide residues is becoming more and more serious due to the extensive use of pesticides, potential teratogenicity and carcinogenicity pose a serious threat to consumers' health. In order to control the pollution of organophosphorus pesticide residues, besides strengthening the management of pesticide use, the key is to develop simple, fast and sensitive detection technology. Because soybean contains more oil and fat than cereals, it brings many difficulties to the analysis of pesticides. So far, there is no mature method in China. Based on the above background, the aim of this paper is to determine organophosphorus pesticides in soybean by gas chromatography. In this paper, the extractant and sample purifier of organic phosphorus in soybean were discussed, and the organophosphorus pesticides in soybean were extracted with acetone-dichloromethane mixed solvent, and Flori silica was used as purifying agent. The residues of four organophosphorus pesticides in soybean, dimethoate, methyl parathion and parathion, were determined by gas chromatography with flame photometric detector. Simple operation, high recovery and minimum detection concentration are as follows: dropping fear 0.03 mg/kg; dimethoate 0.04 mg/kg; methyl parathion 0.04 mg/kg; parathion 0.05 mg/kg. bicyclo germare (8.4%), trans-nerolidol (19.5%) and 9-oxaaryl alcohol (7.7%). The results show that the method of combining HS-GC-MS with accurate weight measurement can achieve reliable identification and a wide range in the analysis of volatile components complex samples
Talbot effect obtained from complex transmittances

The self-imaging position (or Talbot effect) for generalized complex functions, obtained as a product of scaled periodic components, is studied in this paper. The self-images of each periodic component and for the complete transmittance are shown. Different configurations including mixed gratings are considered and it is shown that the positions of Talbot planes are also related with the scaling factor.
Space Weather: from Solar Eruptions to Magnetospheric Storms

Space weather can be defined as a topic dealing with the variable conditions in the Sun, solar wind, magnetosphere and ionosphere that may be hazardous to man-made systems in space and on ground and endanger human health and life. This definition has a strongly application-oriented flavor. Positive consequences of space weather activities during the last 10-15 years have been increasing dialogues between various fields of solar-terrestrial physics and between the science and technology communities. At the same time expectations of increased funding have contributed to opportunism and promises of useful space weather services that have not always been based on sound physical understanding. If we have sufficient in situ and remote observations, we can make useful specifications of the environmental conditions practically in real time. However, forecasting is difficult, in particular if we want to forecast the conditions at the Earth based on solar observations. As space weather involves a wide range of scientific topics from solar eruptions to current induction in conductors buried in ground, the space weather community comprises scientists with very different backgrounds. Some are specialists in interaction of solar wind shocks with the Earth's magnetopause but ignorant of how the Sun drives the shock. Others may know all details of twisted flux tubes on the Sun but think that the magnetospheric response may be characterized by one single parameter. This tutorial review aims at advancing the understanding of space weather as an integrated system, from its origins in the Sun, to the near-Earth environment.
Superconductivity in single-crystalline aluminum- and gallium-hyperdoped germanium

Superconductivity in group IV semiconductors is desired for hybrid devices combining both semiconducting and superconducting properties. Following boron doped diamond and Si, superconductivity has been observed in gallium doped Ge, however the obtained specimen is in polycrystalline form [Herrmannsdorfer et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 217003 (2009)]. Here, we present superconducting single-crystalline Ge hyperdoped with gallium or aluminium by ion implantation and rear-side flash lamp annealing. The maximum concentration of Al and Ga incorporated into substitutional positions in Ge is eight times higher than the equilibrium solid solubility. This corresponds to a hole concentration above 10^21 cm-3. Using density functional theory in the local density approximation and pseudopotential plane-wave approach, we show that the superconductivity in p-type Ge is phonon-mediated. According to the ab initio calculations the critical superconducting temperature for Al- and Ga-doped Ge is in the range of 0.45 K for 6.25 at. % of dopant concentration being in a qualitative agreement with experimentally obtained values.
Deep Learning without Weight Transport

Current algorithms for deep learning probably cannot run in the brain because they rely on weight transport, where forward-path neurons transmit their synaptic weights to a feedback path, in a way that is likely impossible biologically. An algorithm called feedback alignment achieves deep learning without weight transport by using random feedback weights, but it performs poorly on hard visual-recognition tasks. Here we describe two mechanisms - a neural circuit called a weight mirror and a modification of an algorithm proposed by Kolen and Pollack in 1994 - both of which let the feedback path learn appropriate synaptic weights quickly and accurately even in large networks, without weight transport or complex wiring.Tested on the ImageNet visual-recognition task, these mechanisms outperform both feedback alignment and the newer sign-symmetry method, and nearly match backprop, the standard algorithm of deep learning, which uses weight transport.
Estimulación cerebral profunda del globo pálido interno en el síndrome de distonía mioclónica: serie de 3 casos y revisión de la literatura

INTRODUCTION: Myoclonic dystonia is a movement disorder with low prevalence, but very disabling, where refractoriness to medical treatment is frequent. Deep brain stimulation has been proposed as a therapeutic option, seeking to improve motor function, disability and quality of life in these patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We present 3 patients with a clinical diagnosis of Myoclonic-Dystonia without genetic confirmation, who underwent bilateral deep brain stimulation of the Globus Pallidus Internus.
Slow tourism: the relationship between tourists’ slow food experiences and their quality of life

Purpose This study aims to define the concept of slow tourism, describe tourists’ slow food experiences and examine the relationship between the tourists’ slow food experience and their quality of life (QOL). Design/methodology/approach An online survey distributed through the Amazon MTurk platform yields 453 valid questionnaires. Confirmatory factor analysis and structure equational modeling are used to analyze the data. Findings The results reveal that authenticity and slowness significantly affect tourists’ slow food experience, while environmental consciousness does not influence tourists’ slow food experiences. Further, the slow food experience elicits a positive impact on the tourists’ QOL. Originality/value This study contributes to delineating the scope of slow food experiences, which remains unexplored in previous studies and gives further insight into how they impact life quality. This paper expands the body of knowledge by establishing three factors influencing slow food experiences and further provides valuable advice for tourism marketers at slow destinations.
A Qualitative Systematic Review of Access to Substance Use Disorder Care in the United States Criminal Justice System

Background: The majority of patients with a substance use disorder (SUD) in the United States do not receive evidence-based treatment. Research has also demonstrated challenges to accessing SUD care in the US criminal justice system. We conducted a systematic review of access to SUD care in the US criminal justice system. Methods: We searched for comprehensive qualitative studies in multiple databases through April 2021, and two researchers reviewed 6858 studies using pre-selected inclusion criteria. Once eligibility was determined, themes were extracted from the data. This review provides a thematic overview of the US qualitative studies to inform future research-based interventions. This review was conducted in compliance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Results: There were 6858 unique abstract results identified for review, and seven qualitative studies met the inclusion criteria. Two themes were identified from these results: (1) managing withdrawal from medication-assisted treatment, and (2) facilitators and barriers to treatment programs in the criminal justice system. Conclusions: Qualitative research evaluating access to SUD care in the US criminal justice system varied, with some interventions reported not rooted in evidence-based medicine. An opportunity may exist to develop best practices to ensure evidence-based treatment for SUDs is delivered to patients who need it in the US criminal justice system.
Changement climatique

Cet article analyse pourquoi il est crucial de développer la connaissance sur les ressources à mobiliser pour qu’émergent les processus d’adaptation au changement climatique en complément des nombreux travaux sur les bénéfices nets de l'anticipation. Il montre que se concentrer sur cet aspect permet de dépasser les difficultés les plus fréquemment identifiées en levant les verrous relatifs aux horizons de temps de l’analyse ou au choix des scénarios de changement climatique considérés. Adopter cette perspective demande de mieux tenir compte de la spécificité de chaque situation en considérant les coûts des premières mesures d’adaptation mais également des coûts inhérents à l’amorce du processus d’adaptation en tant que tel, liés à la mise en place des espaces de gouvernances appropriés et à la mobilisation de l’ingénierie nécessaire.
Constant-Size Credential-Based Packet Forwarding Verification in SDN

The emerging software-defined networking (SDN) technology lacks tools to proactively ensure that policies will be followed or to inspect the behavior of the network. The network is vulnerable to sophisticated attacks against packets, such as alteration, injection, dropping, and hijacking attacks. Accurate and efficient network packet forwarding verification is a critical issue to ensure the correctness of packet forwarding when confronting with malicious attacks, while most of the existing packet forwarding verification solutions were implemented by inserting linear-scale cryptographic tags that increased with path length, which introduced significant communication overhead. In this paper, we propose a constant-size credential based packet forwarding verification mechanism in SDN. In the scheme, the ingress switch of a flow embeds a tag credential of constant-size which is independent of the packet forwarding path, each downstream switch verifies packets basing on the constant-size credential, and the controller periodically acquires node forwarding statistics along the path and localizes anomaly. The header space communication overhead of the proposed scheme is less than existing linear-scale mechanisms. We further prototype and evaluate the proposed scheme. Experiments demonstrate that the scheme achieves efficient forwarding and effective anomaly localization with less than 11% of additional forwarding delays and no more than 10% of throughput degradation.
High-Performance Electro-Discharge Drilling with a Novel Type of Oxidized Tool Electrode

Electro-discharge drilling is a key technology for manufacturing sophisticated nozzles in a broad range of automotive and aerospace applications. The formation of debris in the working gap leads to arcs and short circuits on the lateral surface when state-of-the-art tool electrodes are used. As a result, limited drilling depth, increased linear tool wear, and the conicity of boreholes are still challenges. In this work, a new approach for the passivation of the lateral surface of copper tool electrodes by oxidation is shown. The comparison with state-of-the-art tool electrodes showed a reduction in the erosion duration by 48% for machining hardened steel. Promising improvements could be achieved by the thermal oxidation of the tool electrodes with the aim of increasing the electrical resistivity of the lateral surface of the tool electrode. However, due to the loss of strength, the high oxide layer thickness, and the partial delamination of the oxide layer, further comprehensive investigations on the influence of the oxidation temperature need to be conducted. Future adjustments with lower oxidation temperatures will be carried out.
Effect of mixed grain sizes on thermoelectric performance of Bi2Te3 compound

Coarse (about 1 μm) and fine (about 100 nm) Bi2Te3 particles were synthesized by mechanical alloying for different times, respectively. Their mixtures at different ratios were consolidated by spark plasma sintering to produce nano-/microstructured composites with the same chemical compositions. The Seebeck coefficient was significantly enhanced by addition of fine particles through the potential barrier scattering. The electrical resistivity increased rapidly when the weight fraction of fine particles exceeded about 60%, probably due to an effect similar to percolation phenomenon. However, the thermal conductivity was reduced almost linearly with increasing fraction of fine particles. Because of the combined effects of the potential barrier scattering, nonlinear change in electrical property and linear change in thermal transport property, a peak value of dimensionless figure of merit (ZT) was achieved for the sample containing 60% fine particles. This study demonstrated the possibility to enhance ZT valu.
Constraining models of initial conditions with elliptic and triangular flow data

We carry out a combined analysis of elliptic and triangular flow data using viscous relativistic hydrodynamics. We show that these data allow to put tight constraints on models of the early dynamics of a nucleus-nucleus collision. Specifically, the rms values of the initial ellipticity $\varepsilon_2$ and the initial triangularity $\varepsilon_3$ are constrained to lie within a narrow band for each centrality. We use these constraints as a filter for existing Monte-Carlo models of initial state, and provide a simple test that can be performed on any candidate model to determine its compatibility with data.