Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Function of Expressions in Negotiation: The DyNego-WOZ Corpus

For affective computing to have an impact outside the laboratory, facial expressions must be studied in rich naturalistic situations. We argue negotiations are one such situation as they are ubiquitous in daily life, often evoke strong emotions, and perceived emotion shapes decisions and outcomes. Negotiations are a growing focus in AI research and applications, including agents that negotiate directly with people and attempt to use affective information. We introduce the DyNego-WOZ Corpus, which includes dyadic negotiation between participants and wizard-controlled virtual humans. We demonstrate the value of this corpus to the affective computing community by examining participants’ facial expressions in response to a virtual human negotiation partner. We show that people's facial expressions typically co-occur with the end of their partner's speech (suggesting they reflect a reaction to the content of this speech), that these reactions do not correspond to prototypical emotional expressions, and that these reactions can help predict the expresser's subsequent action. We highlight challenges in working with such naturalistic data, including difficulties of expression recognition during speech, and the extreme variability of expressions, both across participants and within a negotiation. Our findings reinforce arguments that facial expressions convey more than emotional state but serve important communicative functions.
Conformal nets IV: The 3-category

Conformal nets are a mathematical model for conformal field theory, and defects between conformal nets are a model for an interaction or phase transition between two conformal field theories. In the preceding paper of this series, we introduced a notion of composition, called fusion, between defects. We also described a notion of sectors between defects, modeling an interaction among or transformation between phase transitions, and defined fusion composition operations for sectors. In this paper we prove that altogether the collection of conformal nets, defects, sectors, and intertwiners, equipped with the fusion of defects and fusion of sectors, forms a symmetric monoidal 3-category. This 3-category encodes the algebraic structure of the possible interactions among conformal field theories.
AS TENDÊNCIAS DAS VARIAÇÕES CLIMÁTICAS NA CIDADE DE UBERLÂNDIA-MG (1981-2000)

O interesse pelo estudo climático tem se intensificado nos últimos anos em particular nas cidades que estão mais sujeitas a impactos povenientes das atividades meteorológicas. O conhecimento dos fenômenos atmosféricos, aliados aos aspectos geológicos e geomorfológicos que atuam na gênese de uma variedade da paisagem que influenciam no tipo de organização do espaço, e as atividades realizadas ao ar livre são extremamente vulneráveis às atividades climáticas. Nesse sentido, optou-se pelo estudo comparativo das condições climáticas da cidade de Uberlândia nas duas últimas décadas do século XX, para verificar a influência do crescimento da cidade sobre o clima da cidade, o crescimento das cidades acarreta, no ambiente construído, profundas mudanças no balanço de energia, sendo os mais observados: a temperatura e a umidade relativa do ar (ilhas de calor), os ventos e nas cidades tropicais em especial a precipitação.
Metal gate work function tuning by Al incorporation in TiN

Titanium nitride (TiN) films have been used as gate electrode on metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) devices. TiN effective work function (EWF) values have been often reported as suitable for pMOS. For nMOS devices, a gate electrode with sufficient low EWF value with a similar robustness as TiN is a challenge. Thus, in this work, aluminum (Al) is incorporated into the TiN layer to reduce the EWF values, which allows the use of this electrode in nMOS devices. Titanium aluminum (TiAl), Al, and aluminum nitride (AlN) layers were introduced between the high-k (HfO2) dielectric and TiN electrode as Al diffusion sources. Pt/TiN (with Al diffusion) and Pt/TiN/TiAl/TiN structures were obtained and TiN EWF values were reduced of 0.37 eV and 1.09 eV, respectively. The study of TiN/AlN/HfO2/SiO2/Si/Al structures demonstrated that AlN layer can be used as an alternative film for TiN EWF tuning. A decrease of 0.26 eV and 0.45 eV on TiN EWF values were extracted from AlN/TiN stack and AlN/TiN laminate stack, respectively. AlN/TiN laminate structures have been shown to be more effective to reduce the TiN work function than just increasing the AlN thickness.
High energy high resolution monochromatic x‐ray computed tomography using the Photon Factory vertical wiggler beamline

We have developed a high resolution monochromatic x‐ray computed tomography system using synchrotron radiation in the energy range up to 50 keV. The system was installed in a vertical wiggler beamline (BL14C) at the Photon Factory of the National Laboratory for High Energy Physics, and consists of a double‐crystal monochromator employing asymmetric Bragg reflections, a photodiode array detector with a phosphor screen, and a microcomputer for control. Computed tomography (CT) images with a pixel size of 6 to 8 μm and with a slice width ranging from 20 to 100 μm were obtained. An image subtraction technique for CT images above and below the x‐ray absorption edge of iodine was also evaluated for liquid‐containing glass capillaries. Since the CT value (pixel weighting) is linearly proportional to the concentration, the system can quantitatively evaluate the concentration distribution of iodine. These results indicate that the system is very useful for nondestructively evaluating fine structures and their cons.
Stability of a Random Multiple Access Channel with "Success-Failure" Feedback

We consider a model of a decentralized multiple access system with a non-standard binary feedback where the empty and collision situations cannot be distinguished. We show that, like in the case of a ternary feedback, for any input rate \lambda < 1/e, there exists a "doubly randomized" adaptive transmission protocol which stabilizes the behavior of the system. We discuss also a number of related problems and formulate some hypotheses.
Single-node MMSE for MMSE cooperative positioning

We proposed in our previous work an iterative minimum-mean-square-error (MMSE) cooperative positioning algorithm. MMSE cooperative positioning method achieves better root-mean-square-error (RMSE) performance than existing classical estimators. And it is implemented in an iterative pattern so as to circumvent the intense computation burden of the numerical multiple integral computation methods. The basis of the proposed iterative MMSE method is the single-node MMSE, which is actually the special case of the MMSE cooperative method when the number of node N being 1. In this work, we study the properties of the single-node MMSE and accordingly propose three variants of the original algorithm to improve the performance. The single-node MMSE and its variants can also be used to produce initial position estimation for the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE), one of the most popular existing classical estimators, and achieve almost the same performance as using true positions as the initial positions.
Non-Outer Conjugate $\mathbb{Z}_{p^2}$ --Actions on Free Product Factors

We show that for any prime p and for any II$_1$ factor N there exist two $mathbb{Z}_{p^2}$-- actions on the free product factor $*_{1} ^{p}N$ that have the same outer invariant but are not outer conjugate. Therefore, in the case of free product factors, the outer invariant is not a complete invariant for outer conjugacy.
Dimensions of $ C^1- $average conformal hyperbolic sets

This paper introduces the concept of average conformal hyperbolic sets, which admit only one positive and one negative Lyapunov exponents for any ergodic measure. For an average conformal hyperbolic set of a C1 diffeomorphism, utilizing the techniques in sub-additive thermodynamics formalism and some geometric arguments with unstable/stable manifolds, a formula of the Hausdorff dimension and lower (upper) box dimension is given in this paper, which are exactly the sum of the dimensions of the restriction of the hyperbolic set to a stable and unstable manifolds. Furthermore, the dimensions of an average conformal hyperbolic set varies continuously with respect to the dynamics.
Measurement of the Effect of Luminescent Layer Parameters on Light and Communication Properties

This publication describes the measurement of the effect of selected luminescent layer parameters on the light and communication characteristics of light generated by a luminescent layer using a light-emitting diode (LED) as a radiation source. The luminescent layers were implemented based on a combination of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) polymer and YAG:Ce and CaS:Eu phosphors by spin coating. For the chosen weight ratios of PDMS and phosphors, a set of test samples of luminescent layers was implemented whose thicknesses differed from each other in the order of units to tens of micrometers. Experimental measurements have clearly shown that even a slightest change in the thickness of the luminescent layer has a nonnegligible effect on the change of the luminous and communication parameters of the light generated by the luminescent layer. The colorimetric parameters of the color colorimetry temperature (CCT), color rendering index (CRI), and color coordinates <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$x$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$y$ </tex-math></inline-formula> [Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage (CIE) 1931] were recorded for the investigated luminescent samples. The communication parameters were evaluated by measuring the error vector magnitude (EVM), modulation error ratio (MER), phase error, bit error rate (BER), and normalized signal-to-noise ratio <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$E_{b}/N_{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>.
Solar EUV photon fluxes measured aboard Aeros A

By means of a plane grating spectrometer aboard the German-U.S. satellite Aeros A, solar EUV fluxes have been measured in the wavelength range from 16 to 106 nm monitoring the emission from the full solar disk from December 1972 through August 1973. The instrument was calibrated before flight by means of the radiation produced by an electrons synchrotron. The sensitivity of the multipliers was continously monitored in flight. EUV indices are presented characterizing the most important solar emissions of aeronomic interest orbit by orbit. The data clearly show a long-term decrease with smoothed sunspot numbers superposed by a kind of solar rotation modulation, both effects being more important for higher ionized emissions. By comparing both variations with those of the classical solar activity indices it is found that the 27-day period appears more consistently in the Covington index than in EUV emissions. The Zurich relative sunspot number, however, shows much larger fluctuations. Both traditional indices are therefore not ideal for characterizing solar-terrestrial relations, in particular in aeronomy.
Quantum simulation of noise in silicon nanowire transistors with electron-phonon interactions

We present a quantum mechanical approach to the calculation of electronic noise in the presence of a continuous distribution of phase-breaking processes based on the nonequilibrium Green’s function formalism. Using this approach, we investigate the drain current and its fluctuations in silicon nanowire transistors taking into account the intravalley elastic and intervalley inelastic electron-phonon scattering mechanisms. The calculated results are compared against the results of phase-coherent transport at various bias conditions, which shows the role of electron-phonon scattering on the drain current noise.
Formulas for the Laplace Transform of Stopping Times based on Drawdowns and Drawups

In this work we study drawdowns and drawups of general diffusion processes. The drawdown process is defined as the current drop of the process from its running maximum, while the drawup process is defined as the current increase over its running minimum. The drawdown and the drawup are the first hitting times of the drawdown and the drawup processes respectively. In particular, we derive a closed-form formula for the Laplace transform of the probability density of the drawdown of a units when it precedes the drawup of b units. We then separately consider the special case of drifted Brownian motion, for which we derive a closed form formula for the above-mentioned density by inverting the Laplace transform. Finally, we apply the results to a problem of interest in financial risk-management and to the problem of transient signal detection and identification of two-sided changes in the drift of general diffusion processes.
Formation of Quantum Turbulence from Dark Solitons in Atomic Bose-Einstein Condensates

We theoretically propose a new method of making quantum turbulence from many dark solitons in atomic Bose-Einstein condensates. We solve numerically the two-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equation. We set initially many solitons so that they can form a square grid. A dark soliton is known to be stable in one-dimensional systems, but unstable in two- or three-dimensional systems and decay to vortices. Our simulation shows that these solitons decay to a lot of vortices which move around in the system and eventually lead to two-dimensional quantum turbulence. The probability distribution function of the superfluid velocity obeys a Gaussian distribution in the low-velocity region and a power-law distribution in the high-velocity region. The decay of the total number of vortices obeys a power-law for a relatively long period. This scenario may be experimentally realized through interference of Bose-Einstein condensates in a trap potential.
Braid group actions and tensor products

We define an action of the braid group of a simple Lie algebra on the space of imaginary roots in the corresponding quantum affine algebra. We then use this action to determine an explicit condition for a tensor product of arbitrary irreducible finite--dimensional representations is cyclic. This allows us to determine the set of points at which the corresponding $R$--matrix has a zero.
The Luminosity Function of IRAS Point Source Catalog Redshift Survey Galaxies

We estimated the luminosity function (LF) of IRAS galaxies in the Point Source Catalog Redshift (PSCz) survey. The faint end of the PSCz LF is slightly steeper than that of the LF derived by Saunders et al. Using an analytical form for the LF used by Saunders et al., we obtain the following parameters: α = 1.23 ± 0.04, L* = (8.85 ± 1.75) × 108 h-2 L☉, σ = 0.724 ± 0.010, and ϕ* = (2.34 ± 0.30) × 10-2 h3 Mpc-3. We also examined the evolution in the sample by the simple assumption ϕ*(z) ∝ (1 + z)P and found P = 3.40 ± 0.70. It does not affect the three parameters α, L*, and σ, but ϕ*(z = 0) is overestimated by up to ~15% if we ignore evolution. We estimated the temperature dependence of the LF. The LFs of warm and cool galaxies are quite different: the LF of warm galaxies has a very steep faint end with α = 1.37. We also discuss a lump found at the brightest end of the LF.
Generalized Weyl modules for twisted current algebras

We introduce the notion of generalized Weyl modules for twisted current algebras. We study their representation-theoretic and combinatorial properties and also their connection with nonsymmetric Macdonald polynomials. As an application, we compute the dimension of the classical Weyl modules in the remaining unknown case.
Theory of one- and two-dimensional magnets with an easy magnetization plane. II. The planar, classical, two-dimensional magnet

Résumé. 2014 On donne une nouvelle méthode d’étude des systèmes planaires magnétiques à 2 dimen-sions : le Hamiltonien est remplacé par une approximation qui, contrairement aux approximations antérieures, préserve la symétrie correcte du problème. On confirme l’existence d’une transition à Tc et on donne une évaluation quantitative de Tc et de la fonction de corrélation de paire au-dessous de Tc. Les résultats sont en accord à basse température avec ceux de l’approximation de Hartree. On prévoit une transition à une température KB Tc = 1,7 Js2, en bon accord avec les prédictions des développements en séries à haute température, alors que les exposants critiques sont ceux prévus par Kosterlitz, notamment 03B3 = ~. Abstract. 2014 A new approach to the 2-D classical planar magnet is proposed. The Hamiltonian is replaced by an approximate one, which, in contrast with previous approximations, preserves the correct symmetry of the problem; the existence of a phase transition without long range order at some temperature Tc is confirmed; quantitative evaluations of the spin pair correlation function below Tc, and of the transition temperature Tc are given; the results are in good agreement at low T with the self consistent harmonic approximation (S.C.H.A.). A transition is predicted at a temperature KB Tc = 1.7 Js2, in very good agreement with predictions based on series expansions, whereas the critical exponents are those predicted by Kosterlitz, in particular 03B3 = ~.
Do microclimatic conditions in two forest types on serpentine bedrock affect culturable microfungi in pine litter needles?

Microfungi colonising coniferous needles in litter were intensively studied in previous decades, but forest stands on serpentine soils have been overlooked. Also, the effects of microclimatic conditions on fungal communities in coniferous litter are unknown. In our study, we aimed to characterise communities of culturable microfungi colonising pine litter needles collected from two types of Scots pine forest growing on serpentine bedrock, i.e
Stability with nonlinearity in a sector

Recent investigations of the stability of a class of nonlinear systems have extended the results of Popov. The block diagram representation of the problem is shown in Fig. 1 where the linear part having a transfer function G(s) (satisfying certain conditions) is followed by a nonlinear gain K(\sigma) ranging from 0 to \infty. Then the condition for absolute stability of the system is given by the Popov criterion.
Well-rounded equivariant deformation retracts of Teichm\"uller spaces

In this paper, we construct spines, i.e., $\Mod_g$-equivariant deformation retracts, of the Teichm\"uller space $\T_g$ of compact Riemann surfaces of genus $g$. Specifically, we define a $\Mod_g$-stable subspace $S$ of positive codimension and construct an intrinsic $\Mod_g$-equivariant deformation retraction from $\T_g$ to $S$. As an essential part of the proof, we construct a canonical $\Mod_g$-deformation retraction of the Teichm\"uller space $\T_g$ to its thick part $\T_g(\varepsilon)$ when $\varepsilon$ is sufficiently small. These equivariant deformation retracts of $\T_g$ give cocompact models of the universal space $\underline{E}\Mod_g$ for proper actions of the mapping class group $\Mod_g$. These deformation retractions of $\T_g$ are motivated by the well-rounded deformation retraction of the space of lattices in $\R^n$. We also include a summary of results and difficulties of an unpublished paper of Thurston on a potential spine of the Teichm\"uller space.
A Laminated Continuum Robot With Gripping Force-Sensing Forceps for Robot-Assisted Minimally Invasive Surgeries

Minimally invasive surgeries (MISs) or natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgeries (NOTESs), such as the transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT), require the surgical robot to be miniaturized to perform surgical procedures in narrow spaces. However, miniaturization of surgical robots poses problems in its fabrication and sensor integration. In this article, a miniature continuum surgical robot is proposed with force-sensing surgical forceps, which can be fabricated through a 2-D lamination process and converted into 3-D through folding. This multimaterial laminated structure facilitates the integration of photoelectric sensors into the surgical forceps. Then, the gripping force of the surgical forceps is sensed from the change of the output voltage of the integrated photoelectric sensor. The sensitivity of gripping force to the change of output voltage is 3.6 N/V, and the maximum error during calibration is 0.03 N. The proposed robot and the gripping force sensing method are validated through simulations and experiments, such as gripping and releasing objects of various hardness and heights. It is also validated that the gripping force information could also improve the gripping performance in the object handling experiment and ex vivo porcine intestine gripping experiment.
Markov Chain Monte Carlo Methods for Computing Bayes Factors

The problem of calculating posterior probabilities for a collection of competing models and associated Bayes factors continues to be a formidable challenge for applied Bayesian statisticians. Current approaches that take advantage of modern Markov chain Monte Carlo computing methods include those that attempt to sample over some form of the joint space created by the model indicators and the parameters for each model, others that sample over the model space alone, and still others that attempt to estimate the marginal likelihood of each model directly (because the collection of these is equivalent to the collection of model probabilities themselves). We review several methods and compare them in the context of three examples: a simple regression example, a more challenging hierarchical longitudinal model, and a binary data latent variable model. We find that the joint model-parameter space search methods perform adequately but can be difficult to program and tune, whereas the marginal likelihood methods often are less troublesome and require less additional coding. Our results suggest that the latter methods may be most appropriate for practitioners working in many standard model choice settings, but the former remain important for comparing models of varying dimension (e.g., multiple changepoint models) or models whose parameters cannot easily be updated in relatively few blocks. We caution, however, that all methods we compared require significant human and computer effort, and this suggests that less formal Bayesian model choice methods may offer a more realistic alternative in many cases.
Pitch of Frequency‐Modulated Signals

The pitch elicited by 300‐, 1000‐, and 3000‐Hz sinusoids frequency modulated by 20‐, 200‐, and 2000‐Hz sinusoids (the latter for the 3000‐Hz carrier frequency only) was investigated at 20 and 50 dB SL. The frequency deviation of the carrier frequency was ±100 Hz for all stimulus conditions. Five normal‐hearing listeners matched unmodulated sinusoids in a free‐response task to any and all “pitches” perceived in the FM signals. Pitch matches occurred to individual spectral components when the component frequency spacing exceeded critical bandwidth. When component spacing was less than critical bandwidth pitch matches occurred randomly within the energy band, at the center of the energy band, or at the ends of the energy band. No pitch matches were made in response to anything but spectral‐energy information.