Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Composition of Fatty Acids in Bone Marrow of Red Deer from Various Ecosystems and Different Categories

In this study, the influence of the living conditions of red deer (Cervus elaphus) fawns (wild vs. farmed) and effect of the category of free-living animals (fawns vs. does) on the fatty acid (FA) profile of the leg bone marrow was assessed. The composition of FAs in the deer bone marrow was determined by the gas chromatography method. In all groups, oleic acid (18:1 c9) was the most abundant in deer bone marrow and comprised of approximately 37% of total FAs. The bone marrow of young wild deer was characterized by a significantly (p < 0.001) higher fat content and saturated FAs proportion, while farmed fawns contained more moisture (p < 0.005) and fat-free dry matter (p < 0.001), as well as more monounsaturated FAs cis branched-chain FAs and monounsaturated FAs trans (p < 0.001). Although no significant (p > 0.05) differences were found between fawns, in terms of partial sums of PUFA, a significantly (p < 0.001) higher level of the sum of n-3 and n-6 FAs and more favorable n-6/n-3 ratio in the bone marrow of wild fawns were determined. In general, the legs of wild fawns were better prepared for wintering than farmed ones. In turn, comparing the category-related FAs composition in the bone marrow of free-living animals, a more favorable profile was observed in the adult (does) than in the young (fawns) animals, as the bone marrow of the wild does was characterized by significantly (p < 0.001) lower percentages of saturated FAs and a higher percentage of monounsaturated FAs cis.
Emerging Evidence of Pathological Roles of Very-Low-Density Lipoprotein (VLDL)

Embraced with apolipoproteins (Apo) B and Apo E, triglyceride-enriched very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) is secreted by the liver into circulation, mainly during post-meal hours. Here, we present a brief review of the physiological role of VLDL and a systemic review of the emerging evidence supporting its pathological roles. VLDL promotes atherosclerosis in metabolic syndrome (MetS). VLDL isolated from subjects with MetS exhibits cytotoxicity to atrial myocytes, induces atrial myopathy, and promotes vulnerability to atrial fibrillation. VLDL levels are affected by a number of endocrinological disorders and can be increased by therapeutic supplementation with cortisol, growth hormone, progesterone, and estrogen. VLDL promotes aldosterone secretion, which contributes to hypertension. VLDL induces neuroinflammation, leading to cognitive dysfunction. VLDL levels are also correlated with chronic kidney disease, autoimmune disorders, and some dermatological diseases. The extra-hepatic secretion of VLDL derived from intestinal dysbiosis is suggested to be harmful. Emerging evidence suggests disturbed VLDL metabolism in sleep disorders and in cancer development and progression. In addition to VLDL, the VLDL receptor (VLDLR) may affect both VLDL metabolism and carcinogenesis. Overall, emerging evidence supports the pathological roles of VLDL in multi-organ diseases. To better understand the fundamental mechanisms of how VLDL promotes disease development, elucidation of the quality control of VLDL and of the regulation and signaling of VLDLR should be indispensable. With this, successful VLDL-targeted therapies can be discovered in the future.
APLICACIÓN DE LA TECNICA DE IV GAMA PARA LA ELABORACIÓN DE ENSALADAS EVALUATION OF IV GAMA TECHNIQUE TO PREPARE VEGETABLE SALADS

The purpose of applying the fresh-cut technique in preparing vegetable salads ready for fresh consumption, was aimed to control the damage American lettuce ( Lactuca sativa ); carrot ( Daucus carota L); Radicchio ( Cichorium intybus L) and endive ( Cichorium endivia L). "Mediterranean and Cheff" style salads were prepared for evaluation. The methodology allowed selecting and evaluating fresh-cut technique as well as good manufacturing practices, to extend the commercial life, and guarantee alimentary food safety to people. Use of 1% calcium chloride; 0.1% citric acid and 0.5% magnesium oxide solutions; allowed to maintain the quality of the salads for a period of 16 up to days, under refrigeration at 5 ± 1oC and 95 ± 5 % RH. Finally the assays techniques let to extend the commercial value of these vegetables.
Improving Airfoil Drag Prediction

An improved formulation of drag estimation for thick airfoils is presented. Drag underprediction in XFOIL-like viscous–inviscid interaction methods can be quite significant for thick airfoils used in wind turbine applications (up to 30%, as seen in the present study). The improved drag formulation predicts the drag accurately for airfoils with reasonably small trailing-edge thicknesses. The derivation of drag correction is based on the difference between the actual momentum loss thickness based on freestream velocity and that based on the velocity at the edge of the boundary layer. The improved formulation is implemented in the most recent versions of XFOIL and RFOIL (an aerodynamic design and analysis method based on XFOIL, developed by a consortium of the Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands, the National Aerospace Laboratory/NLR, and the Delft University of Technology after the Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands acquired the XFOIL code; after 1996, the Energy Research Centre of the Netherla.
Cocaine: An Updated Overview on Chemistry, Detection, Biokinetics, and Pharmacotoxicological Aspects including Abuse Pattern

Cocaine is one of the most consumed stimulants throughout the world, as official sources report. It is a naturally occurring sympathomimetic tropane alkaloid derived from the leaves of Erythroxylon coca, which has been used by South American locals for millennia. Cocaine can usually be found in two forms, cocaine hydrochloride, a white powder, or ‘crack’ cocaine, the free base. While the first is commonly administered by insufflation (‘snorting’) or intravenously, the second is adapted for inhalation (smoking). Cocaine can exert local anaesthetic action by inhibiting voltage-gated sodium channels, thus halting electrical impulse propagation; cocaine also impacts neurotransmission by hindering monoamine reuptake, particularly dopamine, from the synaptic cleft. The excess of available dopamine for postsynaptic activation mediates the pleasurable effects reported by users and contributes to the addictive potential and toxic effects of the drug. Cocaine is metabolised (mostly hepatically) into two main metabolites, ecgonine methyl ester and benzoylecgonine. Other metabolites include, for example, norcocaine and cocaethylene, both displaying pharmacological action, and the last one constituting a biomarker for co-consumption of cocaine with alcohol. This review provides a brief overview of cocaine’s prevalence and patterns of use, its physical-chemical properties and methods for analysis, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and multi-level toxicity.
Time in robot cognition: an emerging research branch

: The long-term goal of robotic research is the implementation of intelligent and social artiﬁ cial agents capable of interacting in human terms. Besides the signiﬁ cant progress in the ﬁ eld during the last decades, even state of the art robots exhibit poor social competencies when compared to humans or animals. An important reason for that is the lacking ability of robots to experience the ﬂ ow of time, which in turn prevents artiﬁ cial agents from sufﬁ ciently considering time in their perceptual, behavioral, cognitive, emotional and communicative processes. Given that time is an important dimension of human-human daily interactions, any machine that aims to be seamlessly integrated into human environments is expected to have mature time processing abilities. Based on the above, we put forward temporal cognition as a vital capacity of intelligent and social artifacts. In the present paper we will provide examples of the current robots’ time processing insufﬁ ciency, we will discuss possible approaches for implementing artiﬁ cial temporal cognition taking inspiration from the human time processing skills, and we will point out the signiﬁ cant impact that this new research branch is expected to have in the future of robotic research.
Os estudos em sintaxe diacrônica no Brasil: um balanço crítico

Este artigo traz um panorama dos estudos em sintaxe diacrônica no Brasil, que aliam a Teoria da Variação e Mudança com a Teoria Gerativa no estudo da mudança linguística. Apresentamos as linhas principais dos modelos de mudança sintática, o modelo da Sociolinguística Paramétrica e o modelo da Mudança pela Competição de Gramáticas. Além disso, abordamos alguns dos resultados de pesquisa para fenômenos sintáticos amplamente estudados no Brasil, como a ordem dos constituintes, a posição do sujeito e a colocação pronominal. Mostramos como cada um dos modelos interpretativos trata os fenômenos elencados. Por fim, apresentaremos os artigos que compõem o volume 22, número 2, da Revista Working Papers em Linguística, que trata de estudos de sintaxe diacrônica.
A compact multilayer dual‐band bandpass filter using shunt architecture by ltcc process for global WLAN applications

This investigation proposes a compact multilayer dual‐band bandpass filter design with shunt architecture. The proposed dual‐band filter has dual passband to meet the requirement of different operating frequencies. The first (I) and second (II) passbands with small insertion loss have bandwidths of around 380 and 1350 MHz to cover all IEEE 802.11 bands in different regions of the world. This dual‐band filter has multiple transmission zeros to provide high rejection level as well. The presented filter was fabricated by technology of low temperature co‐fired ceramic (LTCC), resulting in a miniaturized dimension of only 2.5 mm (L) × 2.0 mm (W) × 0.7 mm (H). Finally, the measured results are in a good agreement with the simulated ones. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2493–2496, 2016
Application of building information modeling and damage detection technology in disaster recovery and reconstruction

In the post-disaster recovery and reconstruction phase, building assessment is a very important first step in the process of repairing damaged buildings. In practices, the building assessment still needs building visual inspection and manual analysis which requires a lot of energy and time. Various emerging technologies in the construction sector that can be used to solve problems, for example: Building Information Modeling (BIM), image processing, artificial intelligence. The study aims to review the application of BIM and damage detection technology in postdisaster buildings assessment process. Furthermore, the study focuses more specifically on review of the technology application related to BIM and artificial intelligence for damage detection on crack or concrete spalling in post-disaster recovery and reconstruction. The framework of the automatic integration of damage detection technology and BIM was developed as a way to generate retrofitting designs automatically based on field inspection and building information in post-disaster recovery and reconstruction.
Recent progress on CMOS successive approximation ADCs

Recent progress in CMOS integrated successive approximation (SAR) analog‐to‐digital converters (ADCs) is remarkable in terms of architecture and performance. Because of the inherent non‐necessity of active circuit elements such as operational amplifiers, the SAR architecture is suitable for fine CMOS processes. By using a time‐interleaved architecture, it achieves a very high speed conversion rate of 90 G‐sample/s with an 8‐bit resolution. Also, for applications with very low power consumption, such as wireless sensor nodes, it achieves 84 nW at 10‐bit, 200 k‐sample/s. A high signal to noise and distortion ratio (SNDR) can also be achieved by using several techniques such as an SAR architecture that combines oversampling and noise shaping. This survey paper explains the progress made recently in SAR‐ADC circuit techniques and the achieved performances. © 2016 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
An Analysis Regarding the Association Between Connexins and Colorectal Cancer (CRC) Tumor Microenvironment

Background Gap junctions, as one of the major ways to maintain social connections between cells, are now considered as one of the potential regulators of tumor metastasis. However, to date, studies on the relationship between gap junctions and colorectal cancer (CRC) are limited. Methods We synthesized connexins-coding gene expression data from public Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases. Bioinformatics analysis was performed using R software and several database resources such as MEXPRESS database, Gene Set Cancer Analysis (GSCA) database, Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database, Tumor Immune Single Cell Hub (TISCH) database, Search Tool for Retrieval of Gene Interaction Relationships (STRING), and Cytoscape software, etc., to investigate the biological mechanisms that may be involved in connexins. Immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical staining were used to validate the expression and localization of GJA4. Results We found that CRC patients can be divided into two connexin clusters and that patients in cluster C1 had shorter survival than in cluster C2. The infiltration of M1 macrophages and NK cells was lower in cluster C1, while the levels of M2 macrophages and immune checkpoints were higher, indicating an immunosuppressed state in cluster C1. In addition, the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype was significantly activated in cluster C1. We observed that GJA4 was up-regulated in colorectal cancer tissues, which was related to poor prognosis. It was mainly expressed in fibroblasts, but the expression levels in normal intestinal epithelial cells were low. Finally, we found that GJA4 was associated with M2 macrophages and may be a potential immunosuppressive factor. Conclusion We found that there is a significant correlation between abnormal connexins expression and patients’ prognosis, and connexins play an important role in stromal-tumor interactions. Connexins, especially GJA4, can help enhance our understanding of tumor microenvironment (TME) and may guide more effective immunotherapeutic strategies.
An evolutionary perspective on increasing net benefits to crops from symbiotic microbes

Plant‐imposed, fitness‐reducing sanctions against less‐beneficial symbionts have been documented for rhizobia, mycorrhizal fungi, and fig wasps. Although most of our examples are for rhizobia, we argue that the evolutionary persistence of mutualism in any symbiosis would require such sanctions, if there are multiple symbiont genotypes per host plant. We therefore discuss methods that could be used to develop and assess crops with stricter sanctions. These include methods to screen strains for greater mutualism as resources to identify crop genotypes that impose stronger selection for mutualism. Single‐strain experiments that measure costs as well as benefits have shown that diversion of resources by rhizobia can reduce nitrogen‐fixation efficiency (N per C) and that some legumes can increase this efficiency by manipulating their symbionts. Plants in the field always host multiple strains with possible synergistic interactions, so benefits from different strains might best be compared by regressing plant growth or yield on each strain's abundance in a mixture. However, results from this approach have not yet been published. To measure legacy effects of stronger sanctions on future crops, single‐genotype test crops could be planted in a field that recently had replicated plots with different genotypes of the sanction‐imposing crop. Enhancing agricultural benefits from symbiosis may require accepting tradeoffs that constrained past natural selection, including tradeoffs between current and future benefits.
The negative effects of soil microorganisms on plant growth only extend to the first weeks

Soil biotic communities can strongly impact plant performance. So far, most studies on plant-soil-interactions have estimated the effect of the soil microbial community on plant mass after a fixed duration of plant growth. However, these interactions may change over time and several studies have argued that plant-soil interactions are more important for young seedlings than for older plants. In this paper we ask the question: how long-lasting the effect of the soil microbial community on plant growth is. This is important as the growth rate of a plant is not only determined by the growing conditions but also by the size of the plant itself. Therefore, plant with a reduced growth rate early in life, due to negative effects of the soil microbial community, may increase less in biomass for a much longer period even though the relative growth rates do not differ any longer. We examined the plant growth rates at three stages: early growth (0-21 days), mid growth (22 to 42 days) and late growth (43 to 63 days). We performed two growth experiments with Jacobaea vulgaris lasting 49 and 63 days. Plants were grown in sterilized soil or in sterilized soil inoculated with natural dune soil. In a third experiment, we examined the effect of the timing of soil inoculation prior to planting on the (relative-) growth rate of J. vulgaris plants with four different timing treatments. In all experiments, differences in biomass of plants grown in sterilized soil and inoculated soil (live soil) increased throughout the experiment. Interestingly, linear regression models with ln transformed dry weight against time for younger plants and for older plants in sterilized soil and live soil, respectively, showed that the relative growth rate of plants in the sterilized soil was only significantly higher than that of plants in the live soil in the first two to three weeks. After that period there was no longer a negative effect of the live soil on the relative growth rate of plants. In the third experiment, plant biomass decreased with increasing time between inoculation and planting. Overall, our results show that plants of J. vulgaris grew less well in live soil than in sterilized soil. The negative effects of soil inoculation on plant mass appeared to extend over the whole growth period but arise from the negative effects on relative growth rates that occurred in the first weeks after planting when plants have only less than 5% of the mass they obtained after 42 days. Our study highlights the importance of examining relative growth rates rather than final biomass to estimate the effects of soil microbial communities on plants.
European Journal of Educational Research

: Online learning is an obligation in teaching and learning activities during the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Game-based learning is a solution in improving student learning outcomes. This research aims to determine the level of acceptance of gamification in terms of Gamification quality (GQ), instructor characteristic (IC), and technology anxiety (TA). The target respondents were students taking information systems courses based on enterprises resources planning (ERP) Gamification. The sample used is a census. That is, the entire population is taken as a sample. A total of 93 students filled out the online questionnaire. Then, data analysis using Structural Equation Model - Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS). Student satisfaction (SS) and perceived ease of use (PEOUG) are the most influences. PEOUG is also the construct that has the most significant relationship impact, especially with the perceived usefulness (PUG). Meanwhile, two constructs do not significantly impact TA on PUG and PUG on Intention to use gamification (INTG). The obligation of students requires students to ignore the impact and function of gamification. The results of this research also show that technology acceptance model (TAM), the constructs IC, TA, and GQ have a positive effect on PEOUG. Then PUG and PEOUG can positively affect SS.
Evaluation of the Role of Serum Interleukin-1 Beta in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common eczematous skin disease that is chronically relapsing. Interleukin -1-beta (IL-1β) is a pivotal agonist member of the IL-1 family that plays a master role in the induction of an adequate immune response to regulate the sweeping of the diseased cells physiologically. Objective: The aim was to clarify the possible participation of a certain IL (IL-1 beta) in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis. Patients and Methods: This case-control study has been conducted in the Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology Department at Zagazig University Hospitals. Our present study included 30 atopic patients and 30 apparently healthy control subjects of matched age and sex. Serum IL-1β level was measured. Results: Gender had no significant effect on serum Il-1β in all groups. Duration of the disease showed a non-significant positive one in atopic patients. The severity of the disease showed a significant positive correlation in atopic patients and similarly, the disease score did. There was a significant difference in serum IL-1β among the three degrees of severity in a topic patients. Conclusion: IL-1β serum level was found in patients with moderate to severe cases of atopic dermatitis, marking the systemic inflammatory nature of these diseases. On the other hand, IL-1β serum level was around normal values in the control group. These mentioned findings were supported by the statistical evaluations on the relationship between serum IL-1β level, severity scores of AD (SCORAD score) and clinical observations.
New digital opportunities in diagnosis and prevention of students’ mental health

The article deals with new digital opportunities in diagnosis and prevention of health and well-being of students that also create principally new conditions for getting education. Use of digital traces, big data, machine learning and computer modelling in diagnosis results in obtaining important data about mental health of students to examine their behavior, physical activity, emotional condition and a wide specter of personal traits in detail. Quantitative methods combined with big data and artificial intelligence (AI) technologies are utilized to anticipate certain neurological and mental diseases. They allow to overcome limitations of traditional research methods and expand the opportunities of modern education by changing the educational process based on the analysis results and adapting them to the student’s current state and development. When digital technologies are moderately used under certain conditions, they (chat-bots, applications and other online resources) can be utilized as preventive activities, estimating one’s health, improving social and psychological well-being and interactions by transforming the educational process.
Cyber-Physical-Social Systems: Taxonomy, Challenges, and Opportunities

A Cyber-Physical-Social System (CPSS) is a novel paradigm of cyber-physical and cyber-social systems with a highly inhomogeneous and distributed nature integrating dynamic stochastic hybrid systems including computation, communication, sensing and actuation, and social systems.Their usage can be traced to homes such as smart homes, manufacturers in Industry 5.0, critical infrastructures, smart cities, medicines, healthcare systems, and many other examples. They can simplify and speed up tasks and provide a higher level of control and accessibility. In this study, we provide a systematic review of the definition of CPSS,and an uniform definition of CPSS. We propose a novel taxonomy to define CPSS to help future researches and system designing. The CPSS taxonomy aims to provide a comprehensive and understating of CPSS characteristics and aspects from system-to-system point of view. Furthermore, we discuss about social integration in CPSS and their relationships with CPS. We mention issues and opportunities in CPSS in the designing and implementing phases.