Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
miRNome expression analysis in canine diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

Introduction Lymphoma is a common canine cancer with translational relevance to human disease. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most frequent subtype, contributing to almost fifty percent of clinically recognized lymphoma cases. Identifying new biomarkers capable of early diagnosis and monitoring DLBCL is crucial for enhancing remission rates. This research seeks to advance our knowledge of the molecular biology of DLBCL by analyzing the expression of microRNAs, which regulate gene expression by negatively impacting gene expression via targeted RNA degradation or translational repression. The stability and accessibility of microRNAs make them appropriate biomarkers for the diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring of diseases. Methods We extracted and sequenced microRNAs from ten fresh-frozen lymph node tissue samples (six DLBCL and four non-neoplastic). Results Small RNA sequencing data analysis revealed 35 differently expressed miRNAs (DEMs) compared to controls. RT-qPCR confirmed that 23/35 DEMs in DLBCL were significantly upregulated (n = 14) or downregulated (n = 9). Statistical significance was determined by comparing each miRNA's average expression fold-change (2-Cq) between the DLCBL and healthy groups by applying the unpaired parametric Welch's 2-sample t-test and false discovery rate (FDR). The predicted target genes of the DEMs were mainly enriched in the PI3K-Akt-MAPK pathway. Discussion Our data point to the potential value of miRNA signatures as diagnostic biomarkers and serve as a guideline for subsequent experimental studies to determine the targets and functions of these altered miRNAs in canine DLBCL.
An analysis of esophageal cancer incidence in Cixian county from 1974 to 1996

AIM: To describe the incidence of esophageal cancer (EC)in Cixian, a county of Hebei province during 1974-1996. Weanalyzed the sex and age characteristics as well as thegeographic distribution of EC, in order to determine theimpact so that methods of preventing and controlling EC inCixian can be put in place.METHODS: Since the early 1970s, the cancer registrysystem has been established, which collects the cancerincidence in Cixian county. The malignant tumors were codedaccording to International Classification of Disease IX (ICD-9). All the data were checked and analyzed using EPIINFO.RESULTS: The trend of the incidence rate of EC from 1974to 1996 had declined, (229.9/100 000 vs 178.5/100 000, Oddsratio= 1.47, 95 % CI: 1.32～1.63, X2=52.89. trend X2=26.54,P＜0.001). The incidence rate of males declined significantly(281.81/100 000 vs 157.96/100 000, Odds ratio=1.61, 95 %CI: 1.41～1.84, X2=47.85. Trend X2=44.86, P＜0.001),whereas, the females remained steady (157.96/100 000 vs133.41/100 000, odds ratio=1.28, 95 % CI:1.17～1.49,X2=9.26. trend X2=2.69, P＞0.05). Male average annualincidence rate was 142.80/100 000 and the female's was95.18/100 000. The sex ratio (males to females) was 1.50:1.The incidence rate was increasing along with the age. As tothe geographic distribution, the incidence rate in mountainousareas and hilly areas showed a significantly declining trend(mountainous areas, trend X2=149.93, P＜0.001; hilly areas,trend X2=42.70, P＜0.001). The incidence rate of EC in plainareas had increased (trend X2=22.39, P＜0.001). CONCLUSION: The incidence rate of EC in Cixian countyshows a trend and has declined after two decades, especiallyin mountainous area. But compared to other regions in theworld, Cixian county still had a high incidence rate of EC.
Marble melancholy: using crossmodal correspondences of shapes, materials, and music to predict music-induced emotions

Introduction Music is known to elicit strong emotions in listeners, and, if primed appropriately, can give rise to specific and observable crossmodal correspondences. This study aimed to assess two primary objectives: (1) identifying crossmodal correspondences emerging from music-induced emotions, and (2) examining the predictability of music-induced emotions based on the association of music with visual shapes and materials. Methods To achieve this, 176 participants were asked to associate visual shapes and materials with the emotion classes of the Geneva Music-Induced Affect Checklist scale (GEMIAC) elicited by a set of musical excerpts in an online experiment. Results Our findings reveal that music-induced emotions and their underlying core affect (i.e., valence and arousal) can be accurately predicted by the joint information of musical excerpt and features of visual shapes and materials associated with these music-induced emotions. Interestingly, valence and arousal induced by music have higher predictability than discrete GEMIAC emotions. Discussion These results demonstrate the relevance of crossmodal correspondences in studying music-induced emotions. The potential applications of these findings in the fields of sensory interactions design, multisensory experiences and art, as well as digital and sensory marketing are briefly discussed.
Imputation and Hyperparameter Optimization in Cancer Diagnosis

: Cancer is one of the leading causes for death worldwide. Accurate and timely detection of cancer can save lives. As more machine learning algorithms and approaches have been applied in cancer diagnosis, there has been a need to analyze their performance. This study has compared the detection accuracy and speed of nineteen machine learning algorithms using a cervical cancer dataset. To make the approach general enough to detect various types of cancers, this study has intentionally excluded feature selection, a feature commonly applied in most studies for a specific dataset or a certain type of cancer. In addition, imputation and hyperparameter optimization have been employed to improve the algorithms’ performance. The results suggest that when both imputation and hyperparameter optimization are applied, the algorithms tend to perform better than when either of them is employed individually or when both are absent. The majority of the algorithms have shown improved accuracy in diagnosis, although with the trade-off of increased execution time. The findings from this study demonstrate the potential of machine learning in cancer diagnosis, especially the possibility of developing versatile systems that are able to detect various types of cancers with satisfactory performance.
Flocculation and settling properties of discharged drilling waste

In order to determine the potential environmental effects of offshore discharges of synthetic based drilling fluids (SBFs) and associated drilling cuttings, it is necessary to understand the physical transport mechanisms of SBFs associated with drilling discharges in the marine environment. The purpose of this work was to study the flocculation and settling properties of SBFs associated with drilling cuttings in both freshwater and seawater and provide more appropriate equations for existing transport models. -- A digital imaging system was employed in this research to study the flocculation and settling processes. The effects of particle shape and size on the settling mechanism and the effects of salinity, fluid shear, discharge concentration and oily components on the rate of flocculation and the settling speeds of floes were studied. -- The cutting sample for this study was collected from an exploration oil well in the east coast of Canada. The settling velocities of coarse particles from both untreated and thermally treated cuttings were measured in a 2.5m high and 14cm inner diameter Plexiglas settling column using both freshwater and seawater. The flocculation of fine grain particles was performed using a laboratory paddle stirrer in both freshwater and seawater. The applied shears ranged from 25 to 200 s⁻¹, and the concentrations ranged from 25 to 200mg/L. In order to study the effects of oily components on flocculation, a thermally treated sample was also used. From the experimental results it was shown that the untreated cuttings tend to clump together and settle fast while the treated cuttings settle as individual particles with relatively low speeds. The settling velocities of treated and untreated coarse particles were found to be functions of both particle sphericity and diameter following a power law. It was demonstrated by the flocculation tests that the steady state median floc size decreases as the shear stress and concentration increase, and the particles flocculate faster in seawater than in freshwater. For the same diameter and salinity, the flocs formed at high fluid shears have a higher settling velocity than do flocs formed at low shears. It was also shown that the flocs formed by untreated cuttings settle faster than flocs formed by thermally treated cuttings in the same conditions (shear rate and concentration) under which the flocs were produced.
Supplementary material for the paper “Optimal Transport for Domain Adaptation”

supposing that T0 is invertible. We can remark that the ability of our approach to recover the conditional probability of an example essentially depends on how well the condition T0(x) = T(x) ∀x is respected. In the following, we prove that, for empirical distributions and under some mild conditions (positive definite A), the estimated transportation map T0 obtained by minimizing the `2 ground metric does recover exactly the true transformation T. We want to show that, if μ(x) = μ(Ax+b) where A ∈ S and b ∈ R, then the estimated optimal transportation plan T0(x) = Ax + b. This boils down to proving the following theorem. Theorem 1.1: Let μ and μ be two discrete distributions each composed of n diracs as defined in Equation (1) in the paper. If the following conditions hold 1) The source samples in μ are xi ∈ R,∀i ∈ 1, . , n such that xi 6= xj if i 6= j . 2) All weights in the source and target distributions are equal to 1 n . 3) The target samples are defined as xi = Ax s i +b i.e. an affine tranformation of the source samples. 4) b ∈ R and A ∈ S is a strictly positive definite matrix. 5) The cost function c(x,x) = ‖x − x‖. then the solution T0 of the optimal transport problem gives T0(xi ) = Ax s i + b = x t i ∀i ∈ 1, . , n.
Spatial and temporal analyses of sulphadoxine pyrimethamine resistance in African Plasmodium falciparum malaria

Sulphadoxine pyrimethamine resistance (SPR) emerged soon after SP was introduced as first line therapy for malaria in Africa during the 1990s. This thesis presents the first attempt to describe the spatio-temporal distribution of SPR in sub-Saharan Africa. Molecular and in vivo SPR data were gathered from primarily published sources onto a handwritten and digital template, recording the precise geo-location of every data point. The most commonly used methods were the World Health Organisation 1973 and 1996 protocols to measure in vivo efficacy and PCR-RFLP for molecular studies. Consistent data gaps with both SPR measures were found in Botswana, Burundi, Cape Verde, Eritrea, Somalia, Togo and Mauritius (chapter two). Three broad categories of molecular resistance emerged, reflecting the distribution patterns of dhfr and dhps point mutation prevalence: (1) scarce partially resistant mutations namely dhps 436A and 613S which are not increasing significantly over time, (2) emerging resistance mutations such as dhfr 164L and dhps 581G which are rare but increasing within distinct geographical foci and (3) major resistance mutations namely dhps 437G and 540E, which are widespread with significantly increased prevalence over time and regional differences (chapter three). Statistical analysis showed that the sensitive dhfr allelic haplotype frequencies decreased over time in all regions whilst the triple mutant increased. The models developed for dhps haplotypes showed a clear East-West divide with the double mutant dominating East Africa and the single mutant occurring mainly in West Africa (chapter four). Standardised in vivo efficacy data were matched with dhfr and dhps haplotypes using the nearest geographic location and study year and then modelled. These analyses showed for the first time, a clear effect of the frequency of dhps allelic haplotypes on SP efficacy (chapter five). These findings are important in the context of continued use of SP in sub-Saharan Africa for intermittent preventive treatment and support the use of molecular surveillance to inform policy on SP use.
Diagnostic accuracy of MUC7 expression for bladder cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: There have been many studies on MUC7 and bladder cancer (BC) that have been published; however, all sample sizes were not enough which led to their conclusions being based on small samples. Therefore, this meta-analysis aims to systematically analyze the diagnostic value of MUC7 for bladder cancer and provide a scientific basis for the diagnosis of bladder cancer. Methods: To obtain relevant literature on MUC7 diagnosed bladder cancer, databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang data, Chongqing VIP, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database were searched from the establishment of the database to July 11, 2023. According to established inclusion and exclusion criteria, literature was screened and data were extracted. The Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 was used to evaluate the risk of bias and applicability of included literature. Meta-disc1.4 and Stata12.0 software were used for Meta-analysis. Results: Twelve studies were included, including728 BC patients and 458 non-BC controls. The pooled sensitivity and pooled specificity were 0.74 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.71–0.77) and 0.92 (95% CI: 0.90–0.95), respectively. The pooled negative likelihood ratio was 0.27 (95% CI: 0.20–0.36), and the pooled positive likelihood ratio was 9.58 (95% CI: 5.40–17.00). The diagnostic odds ratio was 40.95 (95% CI: 20.31–82.59), and the area under the curve was 0.91 in the overall summary of the receiver operating characteristic curve. Conclusion: MUC7 might be a potential biomarker for diagnosing BC. However, more large sample and multicenter studies are needed to prove whether it can be used in clinical diagnosis.
Optimizing the Use of Interpolated Tests: The Influence of Interpolated Test Lag

The use of recorded lectures is increasing rapidly due to growth in online learning. One technique that can be used to improve learning from lectures is interpolated testing—the presentation of tests throughout a lecture. In the present investigation, we examine a critical question with respect to the implementation of interpolated testing. Where should the tests be located relative to the tested material? Specifically, we examine the influence of the lag between the presentation of the material in the lecture and the interpolated test. Across 2 experiments, we compare an immediate test condition (i.e., a test immediately after the relevant information is presented) and a delayed test condition (i.e., a test presented about 3 min after the relevant information is presented). When no feedback was provided, immediate interpolated testing was superior to delayed interpolated testing. There was no difference when feedback was provided. Implications of the present results for implementing interpolated testing in educational contexts are discussed.
Decadal Changes in Anthropogenic Inputs and Precipitation Influence Riverine Exports of Carbon, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus, and Alter Ecosystem Level Stoichiometry

Changes in precipitation and land use influence carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) exports from land to receiving waters. However, how these drivers differentially alter elemental inputs and impact subsequent ecosystem stoichiometry over time remains poorly understood. Here, we quantified long‐term (1979–2020) trends in C, N, and P exports at three sites along the mainstem of a north temperate river in Québec, Canada, that successively drains forested, urban, and more agriculturally impacted land‐use areas. Riverine N and to a lesser degree C exports tended to increase over time, with major inter‐annual variation largely resolved by changes in precipitation. Historical increases in net anthropogenic N inputs on land (NANI) also explained increases in riverine N exports, with about 35% of NANI reaching the river annually. Despite higher Net anthropogenic P inputs, NAPI, over time, P exports tended to decrease at all riverine sites. This decrease in P at the forested site was more gradual, whereas a precipitous drop was observed at the downstream urban site following legislated P removal in municipal wastewater. Changes in historical ecosystem stoichiometry reflected the differential elemental exports due to natural and anthropogenic drivers and ranged from 174: 23: 1 to 547: 76: 1 over the years. Our work shows how C, N, and P have responded to different drivers in the same catchment over the last four decades, and how their differential riverine exports have influenced ecosystem stoichiometry.
Remineralization Effect of Calcium Glycerophosphate in Fluoride Mouth Rinse on Eroded Human Enamel: An In Vitro Study

Aims and Objectives: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the remineralization effect of calcium glycerophosphate (CaGP) in fluoride mouth rinse on permanent enamel eroded by a soft drink. Materials and Methods: Forty sound permanent premolars were embedded in self-curing acrylic resin and immersed in Coca-Cola to create erosive lesions. The teeth were divided into four groups (n = 10): Group I artificial saliva; Group II sodium fluoride; Group III sodium fluoride + sodium monofluorophosphate; and Group IV sodium monofluorophosphate + CaGP. The specimens in the assigned groups underwent pH cycling for ten days. The baseline, after erosion, and after remineralization surface microhardness (SMH) values were determined. The data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The mean SMH value between groups and one-way repeated measures ANOVA for the mean SMH value within each group and Bonferroni’s for multiple comparisons at a 95% confidence level were determined. The average SMH was used and calculated as the percentage recovery of SMH. Results: After being eroded by the cola soft drink, the mean SMH values in all groups were significantly decreased. After remineralization, Group I had the lowest %SMHR. The %SMHR of Groups II, III, and IV were significantly higher than Group I (P < 0.001). However, there were no significant differences among Groups II, III, and IV (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Fluoride mouth rinse with and without CaGP showed similar efficacies in remineralizing eroded permanent enamel.
TEETH CLIPPED-OUT IN JAVANESSE SLOW LORIS AND ITS PRESERVATION THROUGH ROOT CANAL TREATMENT

Nycticebus javanicus or often called the Javan slow loris is one of Indonesia's endemic primates whose status is now in the critically endangered category because their numbers are decreasing. The illegal trade often causes serious problems for the health and survival of slow lorises in their natural habitat. There is a wrong perception that the teeth of slow lorises are poisonous, which makes illegal traders cut or even pull out the teeth of slow lorises indiscriminately. Slow lorises (Nycticebus spp.) are obligate exudativators that gouge at tree bark with their teeth. In addition to functioning for the process of eating, slow loris teeth also function for defense mechanism and allogrooming. Amputation of dental crowns or crown fractures in slow lorises can be a serious problem. Slow lorises do not survive either slowly in rehabilitation centers due to changes in diet or even faster in their natural habitat when being released. Root canal treatment as an effort that can be taken to maintain the damaged or broken teeth, so as to prevent tooth from infection and maintain the function of slow loris teeth to survive in its natural habitat. The method of root canal treatment involves three fundamental components: root canal shaping, disinfection and obturation. Teeth restoration to be performed after obturation, using composite. Teeth that have been successfully treated provide an opportunity for slow lorises to express their natural behavior as well as in surviving in their natural habitat.
Crustal structure of the spreading plate boundary in Iceland and the north Atlantic from gravity data

Gravity datasets from two geothermal areas in Iceland, an Iceland-wide gravity dataset, and marine gravity data from the Reykjanes Ridge at 58˚N, which can be seen as the submarine extension of the Icelandic accretionary system, have been studied in this thesis. Results of previous local earthquake seismic tomography studies of the shallow crustal structure of two spreading segments in Iceland have been used, in conjunction with gravity observations, to assess the fidelity of the tomographic method and further refine the description of the crustal structure for these areas. This was accomplished by predicting the component of the observed gravity field which may be produced by the tomographically imaged bodies and in the process attempting to explain any residual anomalies. Results showed additional shallow structure inferred from gravity observation and suggested that local earthquake seismic tomography can 'overlook' some geological structure. The Icelandic gravity field was separated into long and short wavelength components which were attributed to mantle plume and crustal effects, respectively. Physical parameters were attributed to the sources of these anomalies where possible. Results showed that a simple cylinder model (radius -100 km) of anomalous mantle density (~ - 35 kg m(^-3)) could explain the large scale gravity field over Iceland. Shallow density variations in the top 1 km of the crust appeared to be mainly responsible for smaller scale gravity anomalies. A simple Bouguer slab model suggests that the crust may be ~7 km thicker beneath Iceland compared to neighbouring oceanic areas, consistent with an underplating mechanism for crustal accretion in Iceland. Gravity data were acquired on a cruise over the Reykjanes Ridge in the North Atlantic. The marine gravity data were reduced systematically to a residual anomaly and showed that there was the possibility of crustal thinning associated with a bathymetric offset which was interpreted as a second order discontinuity. The form of the residual gravity was similar to other discontinuities of this order on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, although not of the same amplitude.