Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Species Profiles. Life Histories and Environmental Requirements of Coastal Fishes and Invertebrates (South Florida). Reef-Building Tube Worm.

Species profiles are literature summaries of the taxonomy, morphology, distribution, life history, habitats, and environmental requirements of coastal species of fishes and aquatic invertebrates. They are designed to assist in environmental impact assessment. The reef-building tube worm is an ecologically and geologically significant invertebrate inhabiting the coastal zone of southeastern Florida. The reefs constructed by the worms retain beach sediments, protect shorelines from storm damage, and are the basis for an elaborate marine community of fishes and invertebrates. The reefs provide substrate, shelter, and food in the relatively inhospitable surf zone. Reef-building tube worms require stable settlement substrates within sandy beam habitats and intense turbulence to maintain suspension of sand grains and other particles for tube building. 37 refs., 2 figs.
Gentisic Acid, a Quinonoid Aspirin Metabolite in Cancer Prevention and Treatment. New Horizons in Management of Brain Tumors and Systemic Cancers

Gentisic Acid (GA) is an endogenously synthesized quinonoid phenolic acid in plants, where it functions as an immune molecule against viral plant pathogens via modifying microRNAs. In mammalians, GA is both consumed from exogenous sources (from fruits and vegetables) and produced endogenously as an endogenous siderophore and as a byproduct of tyrosine catabolism. Besides the edible plants, aspirin is also an important source of GA, since its catabolism produces GA. Noteworthy, humans with variant alleles of CYP2C9 which are incapable to produce GA during aspirin catabolism do not benefit from aspirin in reduction of adenomas in the large bowel. In past, GA was succesfully used in the treatment of rheumatological diseases in humans with high biosafety. GA has an affinity to connective tissue proteins and a higher retention of exogenous GA was demonstrated in humans with cancer. GA has both direct and indirect strong antioxidant effects as a free radical scavenger molecule and as an agonist of NRF2 (Nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2), an important transcription factor which regulates synthesis of antioxidant molecules. GA blocks cancer promotion in animal models in association with reduction of free radical products and stimulating antioxidant molecules. GA also exerts prominent antiinflammatory effects while stimulating elements of acquired immunity, lymphocytes; which likely occur due to its strong efficacies to block cyclooxygenases, 12-lipoxygenase and acting as a ligand of GPR35/CXCR8. GA also specifically inhibit protumorigenic signaling of Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) and cyclin dependent kinase-1 (CDK1). Sulfonated derivative of GA (2,5-dihydroxyphenylsulfonate, dobesilic acid) blocks subcutaneous growth of C6 glioma; and GA also acts as an agonist of Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide (VIP) pathway, which suppresses invasion of glioma cells in vitro. GA also inhibits OAT3/ SLC22A8, which involves efflux of chemotherapeutics from the brain which may help to achieve therapeutic concentrations of anticancer agents in brain tumors. In future, combined aspirin-GA preparates may be tested for potential activity in cancer prevention and treatment.
ITRF, GPS Permanent Stations and the AFREF Project

SUMMARY The current status of the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF) is presented as well as expected improvements and enhancements of its future realization. The use of GPS permanent stations is discussed, through IGS and EUREF activities, with an emphasis of their use for ITRF densification as well as geophysical applications. IAG efforts for regional GPS permanent networks development are outlined, aiming at unifying and modernizing the national geodetic systems and their compatibility with the global ITRF. The present situation and objectives of the AFREF project with its sub-regional activities (NAFREF, SAFREF, etc.) are addressed, with some future goals and guidelines towards progress for its implementation.
The emerging role of E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF213 as an antimicrobial host determinant

Ring finger protein 213 (RNF213) is a large E3 ubiquitin ligase with a molecular weight of 591 kDa that is associated with moyamoya disease, a rare cerebrovascular disease. It is located in the cytosol and perinuclear space. Missense mutations in this gene have been found to be more prevalent in patients with moyamoya disease compared with that in healthy individuals. Understanding the molecular function of RNF213 could provide insights into moyamoya disease. RNF213 contains a C3HC4-type RING finger domain with an E3 ubiquitin ligase domain and six AAA+ adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) domains. It is the only known protein with both AAA+ ATPase and ubiquitin ligase activities. Recent studies have highlighted the role of RNF213 in fighting against microbial infections, including viruses, parasites, bacteria, and chlamydiae. This review aims to summarize the recent research progress on the mechanisms of RNF213 in pathogenic infections, which will aid researchers in understanding the antimicrobial role of RNF213.
The immunomodulatory effect of lithium as a mechanism of action in bipolar disorder

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic mental disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of mania and depression alternating with periods of euthymia. Although environmental and genetic factors have been described, their pathogenesis is not fully understood. Much evidence suggests a role for inflammatory mediators and immune dysregulation in the development of BD. The first-line treatment in BD are mood-stabilizing agents, one of which is lithium (Li) salts. The Li mechanism of action is not fully understood, but it has been proposed that its robust immunomodulatory properties might be one of the mechanisms responsible for its effectiveness. In this article, the authors present the current knowledge about immune system changes accompanying BD, as well as the immunomodulatory effect of lithium. The results of studies describing connections between immune system changes and lithium effectiveness are often incoherent. Further research is needed to understand the connection between immune system modulation and the therapeutic action of lithium in BD.
Electrohydrodynamic Printed Ultra-Micro AgNPs Thin Film Temperature Sensors Array for High-Resolution Sensing

Current methods for thin film sensors preparation include screen printing, inkjet printing, and MEMS (microelectromechanical systems) techniques. However, their limitations in achieving sub-10 μm line widths hinder high-density sensors array fabrication. Electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing is a promising alternative due to its ability to print multiple materials and multilayer structures with patterned films less than 10 μm width. In this paper, we innovatively proposed a method using only EHD printing to prepare ultra-micro thin film temperature sensors array. The sensitive layer of the four sensors was compactly integrated within an area measuring 450 μm × 450 μm, featuring a line width of less than 10 μm, and a film thickness ranging from 150 nm to 230 nm. The conductive network of silver nanoparticles exhibited a porosity of 0.86%. After a 17 h temperature-resistance test, significant differences in the performance of the four sensors were observed. Sensor 3 showcased relatively superior performance, boasting a fitted linearity of 0.99994 and a TCR of 937.8 ppm/°C within the temperature range of 20 °C to 120 °C. Moreover, after the 17 h test, a resistance change rate of 0.17% was recorded at 20 °C.
Isolation and Diagnosis of Bacteria in Bacteremia Patients and Study Their Resistance to Antibiotics in Kirkuk Hospitals

313 blood samples were collected from bacteremia patients, including 146 samples (30 from patients and 116 from outpatients) from Azadi teaching hospital, 36 samples from the dialysis unit at Kirkuk General Hospital, 126 samples (42 from inpatients and 84 from outpatients) from the Children's Hospital, and 5 samples from the Women's and Obstetrics Hospital in Kirkuk province, for the period from January 24, 2022, to September 10, 2022. The study, including the isolation and diagnosis of bacteria and the study of their resistance to antibiotics, The results show that 32 (17.87%) positive growth cultures were obtained from febrile patients, 3 (8.33%) from dialysis patients in the dialysis unit, and 15 (65.21%) from burn and wound patients. Fifty bacterial isolates were obtained, all of which were gram-positive. Staphylococcus was the highest with 28 isolates, including [(11) S.homoinis, (4) S.epidermidis epidermidis, (2) isolates each of S.haemolyticus and S. Wagner, and (9) Staphylococcus spp. ], while Enterococcus faecalis was one isolate. The gram-negative bacteria were [(11) Pseudomonas aeruginosa, (5) Escherichia coli, (2) isolates of Enterobacter cloacae, and followed by one isolate of Raoultella terrigena, Acinetobacter spp. , and Klebsiella spp. ). Staphylococcus spp. resistance to 20 antibiotics was studied, and the species S.homoinis showed 100% resistance to (Oxacillin, Benzylpenicillin, and Amoxicillin). Whereas S.epidermidis epidermidis was 100% antibiotic-resistant (Oxacillin, Benzylpenicillin, and Amoxicillin). S. hemolyticus was resistant to (erythromycin, benzylbeniclin, amosiclin, amikachin, gentamicin, torramichin, and tetracycline) by 100%. S. warneri was resistant to (oxacillin, benzylpenicillin, amoxicillin, and dusidic Acid) at a rate of one hundred percent.
Investigation of AIRSAR signatures of the Gulf Stream

Extensive Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (AIRSAR) measurements were made on 20 July 1990 during the NRL Gulf Stream (GS) experiment which addressed a number of scientific questions relating to SAR imaging of the ocean surface in the presence of variable currents and the background thermohaline circulation. The nature of the electromagnetic (e.m.) backscatter from the North edge of the GS using polarimetric signatures and amplitude imagery from the AIRSAR data is addressed.
Spanish SMEs and Family Firms export behavior: are there differences

espanolEste trabajo explora en que medida el comportamiento exportador de estas empresas puede ser explicado a traves de modelos incrementales, siguiendo el modelo propuesto por Cavusgil (1980). Utilizando datos de la Encuesta de Estrategias Empresariales, se analiza un panel de empresas para el periodo temporal 1994-2005. Los resultados sugieren la aceptacion del modelo incremental de Cavusgil para explicar la conducta exportadora de las Pymes espanolas con ciertas limitaciones. Respecto de las empresas familiares, los resultados indican el bajo compromiso internacional de las Empresas Familiares frente a las no familiares, asi como una conducta exportadora diferente a la de las Pymes. Se puede concluir que las Empresas Familiares manufactureras espanolas no siguen un comportamiento en su proceso exportador que pueda ser identificado como un proceso incremental. EnglishThis paper analyzes the export process of Spanish Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) and Family Firms (FF), which is the most common internationalization stage characterizing this type of firms. It explores the degree of SME and FF adaptation to Cavusgil�s model (1980) in a broad sample of Spanish manufacturing companies over the years 1994-2005. Using data from the Strategic Business Survey, methodology is basically descriptive. SME�s results suggest that SMEs follow and incremental process as Cavusgil�s proposed to explain the export behavior of Spanish SMEs but with certain limitations. Regarding family firms, results show the low degree of export behavior of family over non family firms, so like a different export behavior from SMEs. As a consequence, Spanish family firms do not follow an incremental export process.
Current approaches to vision restoration using optogenetic therapy

Inherited progressive degeneration of photoreceptors such as retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is the most common cause of blindness leading to severe vision impairment affecting ~1 in 5,000 people worldwide. Although the function and morphology of the photoreceptors get disrupted, there is evidence that the inner retinal neurons such as bipolar cells and the retinal ganglion cells are left intact until later stages. Among several innovative therapeutic options aiming to restore vision, optogenetic therapy can bestow light sensitivity to remaining retinal neurons by ectopic expression of light-sensitive proteins. Since the advent of this technique, a diverse class of opsins (microbial and mammalian opsins), chimeric proteins, ligand-gated ion channels, and switchable opsins have been used to study their potential in vision restoration. These proteins differ in their excitation spectra, response kinetics, and signal amplification cascade. Although most of the studies have reported high fidelity of responses in the retina, only a handful of them have achieved functional vision in the visual cortex. This review is a summary of the visuocortical and behavioral responses after optogenetic treatment of the degenerated retina. This clarifies to what extent improved and meaningful vision can be obtained for therapeutic efficacy and continued clinical progress.
Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria Risks and Challenges for Human Health and Environment: An Overview

The evolution of Antibiotic Resistance Genes (ARGs) and Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria (ARB) in Municipal Solid Wastes (MSW) landfills, hospital wastewater, and poultry farm are explored in-depth in this paper. MSW output has risen significantly in recent years. MSW landfills are the most popular method of MSW disposal. Landfills receive a variety of wastes, including unused and expired antibiotics, as well as bioactive wastes. As a result, MSW provides favorable conditions for the growth of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), as well as the transfer of ARGs from landfill bacteria to bacteria in the surrounding environment. Antibiotic usage that is unrestricted and excessive in healthcare facilities frequently results in an increase in antibiotic resistance and the dissemination of ARGs in the surrounding environment via hospital wastewater. The occurrence of ARB and the degree of resistance of bacterial strains from numerous landfills and hospital wastewater are discussed in this review. This is a critical concern for public health because once ARBs and ARGs enter the water environment, they can spread resistance genes to bacteria in the surrounding environment. The consequences of ARB and ARGs on the environment and public health are also described in this review. AMR is widely regarded as a major threat to public health systems worldwide, not only in developing countries. Antibiotics are commonly used in farm animals, and unmetabolized antibiotics, or ARGs and ARB, may be prominent in runoffs coming from animal wastes, posing a direct threat to surrounding water bodies.
Insights into the Potential of Biopolymeric Aerogels as an Advanced Soil-Fertilizer Delivery Systems

Soil fertilizers have the potential to significantly increase crop yields and improve plant health by providing essential nutrients to the soil. The use of fertilizers can also help to improve soil structure and fertility, leading to more resilient and sustainable agricultural systems. However, overuse or improper use of fertilizers can lead to soil degradation, which can reduce soil fertility, decrease crop yields, and damage ecosystems. Thus, several attempts have been made to overcome the issues related to the drawbacks of fertilizers, including the development of an advanced fertilizer delivery system. Biopolymer aerogels show promise as an innovative solution to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of soil-fertilizer delivery systems. Further research and development in this area could lead to the widespread adoption of biopolymer aerogels in agriculture, promoting sustainable farming practices and helping to address global food-security challenges. This review discusses for the first time the potential of biopolymer-based aerogels in soil-fertilizer delivery, going through the types of soil fertilizer and the advert health and environmental effects of overuse or misuse of soil fertilizers. Different types of biopolymer-based aerogels were discussed in terms of their potential in fertilizer delivery and, finally, the review addresses the challenges and future directions of biopolymer aerogels in soil-fertilizer delivery.
Influence des conditions écologiques sur la composition isotopique (δ13C, δ18O) du test de foraminifères benthiques actuels

Le but de cette these est d'etudier l'influence des conditions trophiques en milieu oceanique profond sur la composition isotopique de foraminiferes benthiques vivants, afin d'ameliorer leur utilisation en tant que proxies potentiels de paleoproductivite. Nous avons etudie trois zones de l'Atlantique Nord-Est : la Marge du Portugal (milieu oligotrophe), le Golfe de Gascogne (milieu meso-oligotrophe), et la zone a upwelling au large de Cap Blanc (Mauritanie, milieu eutrophe). Nous avons etabli le role majeur du flux et de la qualite de la matiere organique sur la densite, la repartition bathymetrique et le microhabitat des especes de foraminiferes. Les faunes superficielles reagissent aux apports de matiere organique labile, alors que les faunes endopeliques profondes dependent de matiere organique plus refractaire. Par ailleurs, nous avons mis en evidence l'existence d'un seuil critique de flux total de matiere organique d'environ 2gC/m²/an en dessous duquel le developpement de l'endofaune est impossible. L'etude de la composition isotopique de certaines especes cles a revele que l'ecart en δ13C entre une espece au microhabitat endopelique superficiel (e.g. Uvigerina peregrina) et une espece au microhabitat endopelique profond (e.g. Globulimina spp.) permet de differencier un milieu eutrophe (δ13C 0.5%). De plus, dans les zones oligotrophes, nous avons observe une diminution graduelle de ce delta δ13C en fonction du flux croissant de matiere organique, temoignant de l'influence directe de ce dernier sur la composition des eaux interstitielles du sediment.
Integration of Chemometrics and Sensory Metabolomics to Validate Quality Factors of Aged Baijiu (Nianfen Baijiu) with Emphasis on Long-Chain Fatty Acid Ethyl Esters

The storage process of Baijiu is an integral part of its production (the quality undergoes substantial changes during the aging process of Baijiu). As the storage time extends, the flavor compounds in Baijiu tend to undergo coordinated transformation, thereby enhancing the quality of Baijiu. Among them, long-chain fatty acid ethyl esters (LCFAEEs) were widely distributed in Baijiu and have been shown to have potential contributions to the quality of Baijiu. However, the current research on LCFAEEs in Baijiu predominantly focuses on the olfactory sensation aspect, while there is a lack of systematic investigation into their influence on taste and evaluation after drinking Baijiu during the aging process. In light of this, the present study investigates the distribution of LCFAEEs in Baijiu over different years. We have combined modern flavor sensory analysis with multivariate chemometrics to comprehensively and objectively explore the influence of LCFAEEs on Baijiu quality. The results demonstrate a significant positive correlation between the concentration of LCFAEEs and the fruity aroma (p < 0.05, r = 0.755) as well as the aged aroma (p < 0.05, r = 0.833) of Baijiu within a specific range; they can effectively reduce the off-flavors and spicy sensation of Baijiu. Furthermore, additional experiments utilizing a single variable suggest that LCFAEEs were crucial factors influencing the flavor of Baijiu, with Ethyl Palmitate (EP) being the most notable LCFAEE that merits further systematic investigation.
Laboratory and free-living gait performance in adults with COPD and healthy controls

Background Gait characteristics are important risk factors for falls, hospitalisations and mortality in older adults, but the impact of COPD on gait performance remains unclear. We aimed to identify differences in gait characteristics between adults with COPD and healthy age-matched controls during 1) laboratory tests that included complex movements and obstacles, 2) simulated daily-life activities (supervised) and 3) free-living daily-life activities (unsupervised). Methods This case–control study used a multi-sensor wearable system (INDIP) to obtain seven gait characteristics for each walking bout performed by adults with mild-to-severe COPD (n=17; forced expiratory volume in 1 s 57±19% predicted) and controls (n=20) during laboratory tests, and during simulated and free-living daily-life activities. Gait characteristics were compared between adults with COPD and healthy controls for all walking bouts combined, and for shorter (≤30 s) and longer (>30 s) walking bouts separately. Results Slower walking speed (−11 cm·s−1, 95% CI: −20 to −3) and lower cadence (−6.6 steps·min−1, 95% CI: −12.3 to −0.9) were recorded in adults with COPD compared to healthy controls during longer (>30 s) free-living walking bouts, but not during shorter (≤30 s) walking bouts in either laboratory or free-living settings. Double support duration and gait variability measures were generally comparable between the two groups. Conclusion Gait impairment of adults with mild-to-severe COPD mainly manifests during relatively long walking bouts (>30 s) in free-living conditions. Future research should determine the underlying mechanism(s) of this impairment to facilitate the development of interventions that can improve free-living gait performance in adults with COPD. Tweetable abstract Gait impairment of adults with COPD is only observed during relatively long walking bouts (>30 s) in free-living conditions but not during shorter (≤30 s) walking bouts in either laboratory or free-living settings https://bit.ly/44vBpYp
SPSI: A Novel Composite Index for Estimating Panicle Number in Winter Wheat before Heading from UAV Multispectral Imagery

Rapid and accurate estimation of panicle number per unit ground area (PNPA) in winter wheat before heading is crucial to evaluate yield potential and regulate crop growth for increasing the final yield. The accuracies of existing methods were low for estimating PNPA with remotely sensed data acquired before heading since the spectral saturation and background effects were ignored. This study proposed a spectral-textural PNPA sensitive index (SPSI) from unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) multispectral imagery for reducing the spectral saturation and improving PNPA estimation in winter wheat before heading. The effect of background materials on PNPA estimated by textural indices (TIs) was examined, and the composite index SPSI was constructed by integrating the optimal spectral index (SI) and TI. Subsequently, the performance of SPSI was evaluated in comparison with other indices (SI and TIs). The results demonstrated that green-pixel TIs yielded better performances than all-pixel TIs apart from TI[HOM], TI[ENT], and TI[SEM] among all indices from 8 types of textural features. SPSI, which was calculated by the formula DATT[850,730,675] + NDTICOR[850,730], exhibited the highest overall accuracies for any date in any dataset in comparison with DATT[850,730,675], TINDRE[MEA], and NDTICOR[850,730]. For the unified models assembling 2 experimental datasets, the RV2 values of SPSI increased by 0.11 to 0.23, and both RMSE and RRMSE decreased by 16.43% to 38.79% as compared to the suboptimal index on each date. These findings indicated that the SPSI is valuable in reducing the spectral saturation and has great potential to better estimate PNPA using high-resolution satellite imagery.