Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
'Strange changes': indigenous perspectives of climate change and adaptation in NE Arnhem Land (Australia)

Despite growing global attention to the development of strategies and policy for climate change adaptation, there has been little allowance for input from Indigenous people. In this study we aimed to improve understanding of factors important in integration of Yolngu perspectives in planning adaptation policy in North East Arnhem Land (Australia). We conducted workshops and in-depth interviews in two ‘communities’ to develop insight into Yolngu peoples’ observations and perspectives on climate change, and their ideas and preferences for adaptation. All participants reported observing changes in their ecological landscape, which they attributed to mining, tourism ‘development’, and climate change. ‘Strange changes’ noticed particularly in the last five years, had caused concern and anxiety among many participants. Despite their concern about ecological changes, participants were primarily worried about other issues affecting their community’s general welfare. The results suggest that strategies and policies are needed to strengthen adaptive capacity of communities to mitigate over-arching poverty and well-being issues, as well as respond to changes in climate. Participants believed major constraints to strengthening adaptive capacity had external origins, at regional, state and federal levels. Examples are poor communication and engagement, top-down institutional processes that allow little Indigenous voice, and lack of recognition of Indigenous culture and practices. Participants’ preferences for strategies to strengthen community adaptive capacity tended to be those that lead towards greater self-sufficiency, independence, empowerment, resilience and close contact with the natural environment. Based on the results, we developed a simple model to highlight main determinants of community vulnerability. A second model highlights components important in facilitating discourse on enhancing community capacity to adapt to climatic and other stressors.
Lupus Nephritis in Children: Novel Perspectives

Childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus is an inflammatory and autoimmune condition characterized by heterogeneous multisystem involvement and a chronic course with unpredictable flares. Kidney involvement, commonly called lupus nephritis, mainly presents with immune complex-mediated glomerulonephritis and is more frequent and severe in adults. Despite a considerable improvement in long-term renal prognosis, children and adolescents with lupus nephritis still experience significant morbidity and mortality. Moreover, current literature often lacks pediatric-specific data, leading clinicians to rely exclusively on adult therapeutic approaches. This review aims to describe pediatric lupus nephritis and provide an overview of the novel perspectives on the pathogenetic mechanisms, histopathological classification, therapeutic approach, novel biomarkers, and follow-up targets in children and adolescents with lupus nephritis.
The level of Landslide Awareness Among Officers In Penang, Malaysia

Landslide is a natural disaster that cannot be expected by the people. Lack of landslide knowledge and awareness of the dangers is the main cause of landslides in the state. Officers from various department play an important role in addressing the problem of landslides in Penang Island. Most of the officers are not fully aware of the vulnerability of landslide disaster. Drastic action should be taken to save the hills slope in applying the landslide awareness among officers. While at the governmental and professional level, there could be a larger awareness of the situation, even here specific action areas have not been forthcoming. Many hills are explored for various purposes. This need to be addressed if disasters/hazards is to be detected at an earlier and beginning stage. Yet the extensive damages to the life and property during the landslide, indicates that there is a clear lack of general awareness among the officers about the landslide problems. This study aimed to identify the level of awareness among the government and non-gorvernment officers towards landslide hazards because they are the officers in charge of determining future planning for the country and guide for future generations to ensure the safety environment and well-being of the country. From the survey, the results showed the awareness of landslide hazards among the officers are still need to be upgraded. This matter should be given serious attention not to the occurrence of any mishap in the future and need to be addressed if disasters/hazards is to be detected at an earlier and beginning stage.
Orographic Influence on the Life Cycle of Convection – Observations during the COPS Field Campaign

COPS (Convective and Orographically-induced Precipitation Study, Wulfmeyer et al., 2008) was an international field campaign. That took place in the Upper Rhine Valley, the Black Forest and the Vosges Mountains during summer 2007. The aim of COPS was to study the orographic influence on the initiation and life cycle of convection, mainly by investigating the humidity structure. Observations with advanced instruments should help to improve the forecast skill of mesoscale numerical models, especially precipitation forecasts. Among the large number of observed convective systems we will concentrate on the observations of isolated small convective rain showers which developed in the Vosges Mountains on two consecutive days. While on one day the cells were initiated at the crest line of the mountain range, on the second day the cells developed on the lee side of the Vosges Mountains in the Rhine Valley. COPS natural laboratory
Parameterization of intrawave ripple‐averaged sediment pickup above steep ripples

Near-bed sediment pickup is critical for predictions of intrawave suspension and in turn net sediment transport in coastal models. In the present study, numerical results from a two-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes model are used to assess the functional relationship of intrawave ripple-averaged sediment pickup above steep ripples. The numerical model provides intrawave time histories of ripple-averaged near-bed velocities and turbulence, which are qualitatively interrogated to determine pickup functional relationships. Several specific sediment pickup formulations are implemented within the numerical model: expressions relating pickup to near-bed velocity or near-bed turbulent kinetic energy via the bed shear stress; and expressions relating pickup to near-bed shear production of turbulent kinetic energy. These are then tested via model-data comparisons of near-bed suspended sediment concentration. The results show that the traditional functions relating sediment pickup to near-bed velocity cannot lead to reasonable intrawave suspension predictions above vortex ripples under a ripple-averaged framework. Instead, relating sediment pickup to near-bed turbulence quantities, such as turbulent kinetic energy or shear production of turbulent kinetic energy, significantly improves the numerical predictions for these conditions. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Obliquity and long eccentricity pacing of the Middle Miocene climate transition

The Middle Miocene East Antarctic ice sheet expansion (EAIE), which is indicated by an abrupt ~1‰ increase in global benthic foraminiferal δ18O at ~13.8 Ma, marks the Middle Miocene climate transition (MMCT) and has been related to astronomically modulated changes in the global carbon cycle. Here, we present high resolution (3–4 kyr) benthic foraminiferal δ18O and δ13C records from IODP Site U1337 in the central equatorial Pacific, which spans the period 12.2–15.8 Ma. The isotopic records clearly demonstrate significant imprints from periodic variations in the Earth's orbital parameters, particularly the obliquity (40 kyr) and the long eccentricity (400 kyr) cycles. While the benthic δ18O and δ13C exhibit nearly identical amplitudes for glacial‐interglacial cycles from 15.8 to 12.2 Ma, the long‐term trends in the benthic δ18O and δ13C had started to reverse after the beginning of the EAIE. Within the 400‐kyr band, the benthic −δ18O and δ13C displays a constant phase relationship between 15.8 and 12.2 Ma. At the 41‐kyr band, however, a phase reversal reaching >180° between −δ18O and δ13C occurs from 13.8 Ma to 14.0 Ma during the period of the EAIE. A similar phase relationship of benthic foraminiferal −δ18O and δ13C at the 400‐kyr band and the 41‐kyr band is also observed at ODP Site 1146 from the northern South China Sea. This phase jump occurs when the long‐term trends in δ18O and δ13C split, suggesting a decoupling of the global ice volume and ocean carbon reservoir changes during the Middle Miocene.
Fortune or misfortune: threats and opportunities for the development of the tourism industry in the heavily attacked area in ‘5.12’ earthquake of China

The ‘5.12’ earthquake of China has caused extremely serious damage to the tourism industry in the earthquake area in SiChuan including LongMenshan geological fault zone. Tourism infrastructure and tourism attractions are all destroyed and visitors’ confidence is heavily hurt; on the other hand, high frequency and high intensity reports from medias over the world about disaster and disaster relief has greatly improved the area’s visibility, therefore, the tourism infrastructure can get improvements, and the tourist location greatly ascend. Threats and opportunities for the tourism industry in ecological reconstruction regions of LongMenshan geological fault zone are exist with each other. In this paper, we argue that restoration and reconstruction of tourism industry in Longmenshan geological fault zone after the disaster should be committed to such measures: enhancing the confidence of tourists, upgrading tourism products and industries, and overall planning the development of the tourism industry outside the region.
SOUTHERN OCEAN FRONTS IN THE BLUELINK REANALYSIS

In this paper, we combine hydrologic and dynamic criteria to identify the ACC fronts in the Bluelink o cean model, including a free run and an assimilating run. Our objective is to re veal the time and spatial variability of the fronts . We apply a SSH contour criteria to define the ACC fronts from Ocean General Circulation Model (OGCM) outputs. To identify the SSH contours, we use the SO thermodynamical structure, i.e. water masses and tr ansport properties.
SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY OF DINOSAUR LAKE: SMALL SCALE FLUVIO-DELTAIC STRATAL RELATIONSHIPS OF A DINOSAUR ACCUMULATION AT THE AARON SCOTT QUARRY, MORRISON FORMATION, SAN RAFAEL SWELL, UTAH

Abstract Stratal geometries, cyclical stacking patterns, and taphonomic analysis of the Aaron Scott Quarry in the Jurassic Morrison Formation indicate that sediments accumulated within a prograding fluvio-deltaic lacustrine system. Sediments were deposited during the progressive fill of a large lake. Stratal geometries and stacking patterns display relationships similar to larger-scale deltaic sequences caused by fluctuations in base level. Stratigraphic, paleontologic, and sedimentologic analysis indicates that water-volume-driven, base-level changes were responsible for the accumulation and preservation of the assemblage. The assemblage accumulated during a lowering of base level during the late stages of an overall fall caused by drought and was buried by a rapid rise at the end of the drought. Fluvio-deltaic lake fill consists of numerous off-lapping beds of sparsely bioturbated, coarsening-upward mudstone capped by thin, bioturbated silty mudstones. Erosional surfaces dip to the west and cut older mudstone parasequences. Retrogradation, aggradation, and progradation of strata typify stratigraphic trends above the erosion surface. Coarse braided stream sands cap off successive sequences as accommodation is filled prior to the next lowstand and sequence boundary incisement. The quarry is a large, taxonomically diverse deposit formed by the concentration of animals at the margins of a lake during a drought. Animals congregated near the banks as smaller watering holes dried. Bone locations and orientations indicate reworking by fluvial and wave currents. Vertical preservational trends indicate accumulation over a period of years. Trace fossil, lake invertebrate distributions, and sedimentological evidence indicate that periodic establishment of oxygen stratification within lake waters may have contributed to conditions favorable for bone preservation.
Predictors of Changes in Pelvic Rotation after Surgery with or without Femoral Derotational Osteotomy in Ambulatory Children with Cerebral Palsy

Asymmetry of pelvic rotation affects function. However, predicting the post-operative changes in pelvic rotation is difficult as the root causes are complex and likely multifactorial. This retrospective study explored potential predictors of the changes in pelvic rotation after surgery with or without femoral derotational osteotomy (FDRO) in ambulatory children with cerebral palsy (CP). The change in the mean pelvic rotation angle during the gait cycle, pre- to post-operatively, was examined based on the type of surgery (with or without FDRO) and CP distribution (unilateral or bilateral involvement). In unilaterally involved patients, pelvic rotation changed towards normal with FDRO (p = 0.04), whereas patients who did not undergo FDRO showed a significant worsening of pelvic asymmetry (p = 0.02). In bilaterally involved patients, the changes in pelvic rotation did not differ based on FDRO (p = 0.84). Pelvic rotation corrected more with a greater pre-operative asymmetry (β = −0.21, SE = 0.10, p = 0.03). Sex, age at surgery, GMFCS level, and follow-up time did not impact the change in pelvic rotation. For children with hemiplegia, internal hip rotation might cause compensatory deviation in pelvic rotation, which could be improved with surgical correction of the hip. The predicted changes in pelvic rotation should be considered when planning surgery for children with CP.
NEW DINOSAUR FOOTPRINTS FROM LOWER JURASSIC OF WEIYUAN,SICHUAN

Weiyuanpus zigongensis ichnogen,et ichnosp,nov.,a new form of dinosaur footprints is described in this note.The material (ZDM 0032) includes the trackway consisting of 6 succes- sive footprints. Locality and horizon Weiyuan,Sichuan;Lower Jurassic,lower Zhenzhuchong Formation. Diagnosis A relatively large-sized footprint,41～43 cm in length,31～33 cm in width. The ratio of width to length of the footprint about 72%. Biped,digitigrade,with three clawed toes (Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ),lacking impression of hallux,or toeⅤ,and tail.The angles between the phalanges areⅡ23°Ⅲ26°Ⅳ. The length of pes and stride is in a ratio of about 1:5.8. ToeⅢis longer thanⅡandⅣ. Discussion According to the above features the material (ZDM 0032) is referable to Eu- brontidae among Carnosauria.Eubrontidae contains two genera in China:Eubrontes platypus and Youngichnus xiyangensis.The differential diagnoses for Weiyuanpus,Eubrontes platypus and Youngichnus xiyangensis are listed as follows: Eubrontes platypus is represented by medium-sized footprints,26 cm in length,Ⅱ12°Ⅲ22°Ⅳ. The length of pes and stride is in a ratio of about 1:8.7. Weiyuanpus zigongensis is re- presented by a relatively large footprint,43 cm in length,Ⅱ23°Ⅲ26°Ⅳ,and the length of pes and stride is in a ratio of about 1:5.8. Youngichnus xiyangensis is represented by medium-sized footprints,26 cm in length,and the toeⅣnearly parallelsⅢ.
Comparative efficacy and safety of Chinese patent medicines of acute ischemic stroke: A network meta-analysis

Background: Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is characterized by high morbidity, disability, mortality, recurrence, and economic burden. Clinical trials have demonstrated that the clinical efficacy of combining oral Chinese patent medicines (CPMs) with chemical drugs (CDs) is better than that of CDs alone. In this study, we performed a network meta-analysis (NMA) of RCTs to assess the efficacy of different CPMs in combination with CDs in the treatment of AIS. Methods: Search 6 databases from the beginning to January 10, 2023. The Cochrane Risk of Bias tool assessed the methodological quality of the included studies. The NMA was then performed using the STATA 13.0 program. The surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) probability values were applied to rank the studied treatments, and cluster analysis was used to compare the effects of CPMs between 2 different outcomes. Results: A total of 94 eligible RCTs, involving 9581 participants, were included in this analysis. Nine CPMs, including Nao-mai-li granule (NML), Nao-mai-tai granule (NMT), Qi-long granule (QL), Long-sheng-zhi capsule (LSZ), Nao-xin-tong capsule (NXT), Nao-xue-shu oral liquid (NXS), Tong-xin-luo capsule (TXL), Xiao-shuan-chang-rong capsule (XSCR), and Xue-shuan-xin-mai-ning capsule (XSXMN) were included. Regarding the clinical effective rate, all types of CPMs + CDs treatments were significantly better than CDs treatments alone, with significant differences among the 9 selected CPMs. Compared with CDs, results showed that NXS + CDs performed best in improving clinical effective rate [OR = 4.73; 95% CI: 1.26–17.78; (SUCRA: 76.1%)]. TXL + CDs showed the most effective effect in alleviating National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) [MD = −3.84; 95% CI: −5.23, −2.45; (SUCRA: 81.6%)]; NXT + CDs were most effective in improving Barthel index [MD = 13.05; 95% CI: 3.98–22.12; (SUCRA: 63.5%)]. Combined with other outcome indicators and the results of cluster analysis, NXS + CDs may assist in the potential optimal treatment regimen for AIS. Conclusion: In conclusion, CPMs were found to be beneficial as adjuvant therapy in patients with AIS. Taking into account the clinical effective rate and other outcomes, NXS + CDs may be the most effective option to improve the condition of AIS patients.
Reconstruction of MR Images from Sparsely Sampled 3-D k-Space Data

2 where ζ i and o i denote pixels from IPOCS (or IZF) and I0, respectively. (3) The PE summation was performed over all pixels in the image (global) and over all 3 × 3 kernels in a local region. The central-zone ratio, α = Ncentral / No, was fixed at 25%, where Ncentral and No are the number of pixels in the central zone and in the complete k-space, respectively. The sparsely sampled ratio in the peripheral region, β = Nnull / (No - Ncentral), was varied from 10% to 90%, where Nnull is the number of missing samples. Results POCS successfully reconstructed sparsely sampled 3-D k-space data (compare Fig 1a with Fig 1c). Difference images (Figs 1e and 1f) showed that I0 - IPOCS had generally smaller differences than I0 - IZF. Global PE values were smaller in the POCS images. Moreover, as β increased, the error in the POCS image increased more slowly than in the ZF image (Fig 2a). Similar results were also observed in the local PE measures (Figs 2b and 2c) for regions of interest located over high-resolution structures in the phantom (shown in Fig 1a).
Implementación de un detector de coral utilizando filtros Gabor Wavelets y máquinas de aprendizaje

RESUMEN Este trabajo se enfoca en la implementacion de un detector de arrecife de coral de desempeno rapido que se utiliza para un vehiculo autonomo submarino (Autonomous Underwater Vehicle, AUV, por sus siglas en ingles). Una deteccion rapida de la presencia de coral asegura la estabilizacion del AUV frente al arrecife en el menor tiempo posible, evitando colisiones con el coral. La deteccion de coral se hace en una imagen que captura la escena que percibe la camara del AUV. Se realiza una clasificacion pixel por pixel entre dos clases: arrecife de coral y el plano de fondo que no es coral. A cada pixel de la imagen se le asigna un vector caracteristico, el mismo que se genera mediante el uso de filtros Gabor Wavelets. Estos son implementados en C++ y la libreria OpenCV. Los vectores caracteristicos son clasificados a traves de nueve algoritmos de maquinas de aprendizaje. El desempeno de cada algoritmo se compara mediante la precision y el tiempo de ejecucion. El algoritmo de Arboles de Decision resulto ser el mas rapido y preciso de entre todos los algoritmos. Se creo una base de datos de 621 imagenes de corales de Belice (110 imagenes de entrenamiento y 511 imagenes de prueba). Palabras clave: AUV, arrecife de coral, maquinas de aprendizaje, filtros Gabor Wavelets, OpenCV. ABSTRACT This work focuses on the implementation of a fast coral reef detector that is used for an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV, its acronym in English). A fast detection of the presence of coral ensures the AUV stabilization in front of coral reef in the shortest possible time, avoiding collisions with coral. The coral detection is carried out on an image that captures the scene that the AUV’s camera perceives. A pixel-by-pixel classification is performed between two classes: coral reef and the background that is non-coral reef. Each pixel of the image is assigned to a feature vector, which is generated by using Gabor Wavelet filters. These are implemented in C++ and the OpenCV library. The feature vectors are classified using nine machine learning algorithms. The performance of each algorithm is compared with the accuracy and execution time. The Decision Tree algorithm proved to be the fastest and most accurate of all the algorithms. We created a database of 621 images of coral reefs in Belize (110 of training images and 511 of testing images). Keywords: AUV, coral reef, machine learning, Gabor Wavelets filters, OpenCV.
Usia Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Anak dalam Perspektif Neurolaw

Due to recent discoveries and technological advancements in neuroscience, we can gain a deeper understanding of the human brain that significantly impact juvenile criminal law, particularly concerning children's behavior and ability to regulate impulsive behavior. This study aims to analyze the current age of criminal responsibility in the Indonesian legal system using a neurolaw perspective that considers cognitive neuroscience and legal theory. The research utilizes normative legal research methodology with a statute approach and a neuroscience approach. The data obtained from literature research is then analyzed conceptually. The study results indicate that the age of criminal responsibility for children in Indonesia is 12 years; however, it has not yet reached 18 years. According to the neurolaw perspective, brain development within this age range is not fully matured and continues to undergo behavioral changes. This research implies the urgency of revising regulations regarding the age of criminal responsibility for children in Indonesia, considering the discoveries in neuroscience. Using a neurolaw perspective can encourage changes in legal policies that pay more attention to neurological factors in assessing juvenile criminal responsibility. As far as the law governs human behavior, the brain plays a crucial role in controlling that behavior. Therefore, a better understanding of the brain will lead to better and fairer laws.