Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Two-dimensional modeling of the vertical circulation of salt intrusion in the Sebou estuary under different hydrological conditions

Abstract Salt intrusion is an important physical phenomenon in an estuary, and can constitute a serious problem. It has become a serious environmental problem in the Sebou estuary (Morocco) during wet–dry seasons, which has a considerable impact on residential water supply, agricultural water supply as well as urban industrial production. The goal of this paper is to study the vertical salinity stratification under different ydrological conditions in the Sebou estuary. A two-dimensional (2-D) finite-difference solution to the laterally averaged equations of fluid motion model was used for the simulation of the vertical stratification and associated water quality, with observed field data being used for model calibration and validation. Additionally, the model validation process showed that the model results fit the observed data fairly well. Model results show that the vertical salinity at the bottom and surface during spring tide is higher than that during neap tide. Also, the stratification increases a larger during the low-flow periods than during the high-flow periods in Sebou estuary. The responses of salt intrusion length to changes in important dimensional parameters are presented, showing that the salinity intrusion length is inversely correlated with the river discharge (i.e. a high river discharge results in a reduced salt intrusion and vice versa). On the other hand, several stratification indicators were calculated from the observed density or salinity: the stratification coefficient, the Brunt–Väisälä frequency and the potential energy anomaly. These indicators, showed almost identical behavior with differences only of the order of magnitude of the respective values. In addition, the classification of estuarine parameter space for Sebou estuary is illustrated and included in the recent classification. Finally, this model can predict environmental impact of future sustainable undertakings in the Sebou estuary, including recreational, agricultural, and commercial activities. Also, this study provides useful information on the vertical salinity for water resources managers in understanding amount of minimum freshwater discharge needed to maintain an acceptable salinity levels during high tide.
Water footprint of rice from both production and consumption perspective assessment using remote sensing under subtropical India: A review

Consumptive water footprint (WF) reduction in irrigated crop production is essential given the increasing competition for freshwater. The calculated green, blue and grey water footprints of paddy rice are converted into estimations of the green, blue and grey water footprints of derived rice products on the basis of product and value fractions. International virtual water flows related to trade in rice products are estimated by multiplying trade volumes by their respective water footprints in the exporting countries. Reduction in overall consumptive WF always goes together with an increasing ratio of green to blue water footprint. We take both a production and a consumption perspective. Total water footprint of rice production is estimated by aggregating the water footprints per production region and the water footprint of rice consumption is estimated by looking in which regions of the world the rice that is consumed in that nation is produced. The water footprint of rice consumption in a nation is calculated by aggregating the water footprints in the regions where the rice consumed in a nation is grown by using a higher spatial resolution. In India water foot print of per unit and total rice production and percolation was 1403 (mton ) and 432.9 (billion myr). The per-capita water footprint of rice consumption is quite high in Thailand (547 mcapyr) compared to India (239 mcapyr), with their water footprints related to rice consumption 63,364 and 250,305 (Mmyr), respectively. Globally, agriculture accounted for about 3,100 billion cubic meters (m), or 71%, of water withdrawals in 2005. If there are no efficiency gains, this will increase to 4,500 billion m by 2030. (ii) Industrial withdrawals accounted for 16% of current global demand, growing by 91%, to take 22% of withdrawals in 2030. This growth will mainly come from the PRC, which alone will account for 40% of the additional industrial demand worldwide. (iii) Demand for domestic use will increase from some 600 billion to 840 billion m per year, representing a relative decrease by 2030 as a percentage of total water withdrawal, from 14% to 12%. pectively. The total footprint on India is the largest; a large fraction of it is made up of green water. Remote sensing has long been a useful tool in global applications, since it provides physically-based, worldwide, and consistent spatial information. This review paper discusses the potential of using these techniques in the research field of water management, particularly for ‘Water Footprint’ (WF) studies. In this paper evapo-transpiration, precipitation, water storage, runoff and land use are identified as key variables to potentially be estimated by remote sensing and used for WF assessment.
Minimum Wage Hike and Multinational Enterprises' Employment: Firm-Level Evidence from South Korea

This study examines the impact of a consecutive double-digit hike in Korea's minimum wage from 2018 to 2019 after the impeachment of President Park Geun-hye as an exogenous shock on the employment of multinational enterprises (MNEs). Notably, this topic has received limited attention in extant literature. Using a firm-level dataset covering the period 2006-2020, we find that MNEs respond to increases in the minimum wage by reducing their total employment size, including both regular and temporary workers. Furthermore, the effects are heterogeneous and depend on the participation of international trade and strategic partnerships. Our findings indicate that the minimum wage policy can even lead to a decrease in high-quality jobs within high-productivity companies, underscoring the need to adjust the pace of such increases to mitigate their side effects on the labor market.
Rapid increases in fine root biomass and production following cessation of anthropogenic disturbances in degraded forests

Despite the critical importance of fine roots (FRs, ø ≤ 2 mm) in terrestrial carbon and nutrient cycling, we know little about FR dynamics following cessation of anthropogenic disturbances in degraded forests. We hypothesized that (a) FR biomass and production increase rapidly following cessation of anthropogenic disturbances and then decline with stands ageing and (b) FR mortality and turnover are highest in degraded forests due to recurring disturbances. We used a replicated chronosequence to examine the effect of cessation of disturbances on FR dynamics by sampling stands with ongoing anthropogenic disturbances such as fuelwood collection and domestic animal grazing and stands after 6, 11, 21, and 31 years prohibited from anthropogenic disturbances using mountain closure in subtropical forests of eastern China. We found that FR biomass and production increased rapidly from stands without closure to those after 6 years of closure. As stands overmatured, biomass and production declined and stabilized thereafter. Both FR mortality and turnover decreased over time from stands without closure and after 6 years of closure to those closed for longer times. Biomass, production, and mortality correlated positively with the proportion of bamboo, overstorey species richness, and herb layer cover, whereas turnover rate correlated negatively with stand density and basal area. Our results show evidence for rapid increases in FR biomass and production following cessation of anthropogenic disturbances. Our results suggest that stand‐level FR dynamics following mountain closure are influenced by changes in overstorey species composition and richness and understorey vegetation cover.
Effect of Dietary Supplementation with Omega-3 Fatty Acid on the Generation of Regulatory T Lymphocytes and on Antioxidant Parameters and Markers of Oxidative Stress in the Liver Tissue of IL−10 Knockout Mice

Introduction: chronic low-grade inflammation, or inflammaging, emerges as a crucial element in the aging process and is associated with cardiovascular and neurological diseases, sarcopenia, and malnutrition. Evidence suggests that omega-3 fatty acids present a potential therapeutic agent in the prevention and treatment of inflammatory diseases, mitigating oxidative stress, and improving muscle mass, attributes that are particularly relevant in the context of aging. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of supplementation with omega-3 fish oil in improving the immune response and oxidative stress in knockout mice for interleukin IL−10 (IL−10−/−). Material and methods: female C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) and interleukin IL−10 knockout (IL−10−/−) mice were fed during 90 days with a standard diet (control groups), or they were fed/supplemented with 10% of the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid diet (omega-3 groups). Muscle, liver, intestinal, and mesenteric lymph node tissue were collected for analysis. Results: the IL−10−/−+O3 group showed greater weight gain compared to the WT+O3 (p = 0.001) group. The IL−10−/−+O3 group exhibited a higher frequency of regulatory T cells than the IL−10−/− group (p = 0.001). It was found that animals in the IL−10−/−+O3 group had lower levels of steatosis when compared to the IL−10−/− group (p = 0.017). There was even greater vitamin E activity in the WT group compared to the IL−10−/−+O3 group (p = 0.001) and WT+O3 compared to IL−10−/−+O3 (p = 0.002), and when analyzing the marker of oxidative stress, MDA, an increase in lipid peroxidation was found in the IL−10−/−+O3 group when compared to the IL−10−/− group (p = 0.03). Muscle tissue histology showed decreased muscle fibers in the IL−10−/−+O3, IL−10−/−, and WT+O3 groups. Conclusion: the findings show a decrease in inflammation, an increase in oxidative stress markers, and a decrease in antioxidant markers in the IL−10−/−+O3 group, suggesting that supplementation with omega-3 fish oil might be a potential intervention for inflammaging that characterizes the aging process and age-related diseases.
Determinants of effective management in the sport with the use of large sport arenas in selected cities

The aim of this paper is to identify factors that influence to the effective management in the sport on the example of few cities in Poland and Lithuania with large sports facilities. To achieve this purpose, Authors in the article are used the method of observation and comparative analysis of selected cities and their major sports arenas as the entities with particularly strongly influence the development of sport in these cities. The key determinants of sport management in the city include: the title sponsor for the largest sports facility as a strategic business partner in the development of sports in the city, multifunctional sports facility, the level of commercialization of sports, organizational structure dedicated to sport governance, many the international sport events in the great arena. The research and conclusions are focused on the sport management, sport services in selected Polish and Lithuanian cities, where are great sport arenas. In the case of using the results of this study in sport management in other cities, it should be judiciously use the conclusions of the study, taking into account the specifics of a particular city. The paper is a kind of review, and an attempt to show some concepts of the theoretical perception of the factors influencing the sport management in the cities with the use of large sports facilities.
Some properties of eccentrical graphs

In this paper, the concept of the eccentrical graph of a graph is introduced. Let G be a connected graph with the vertex set V ( G ) . The eccentrical graph of G is the graph (cid:15) ( G ) with the vertex set V ( (cid:15) ( G )) = V ( G ) and two vertices v i , v j ∈ V ( (cid:15) ( G )) are adjacent in (cid:15) ( G ) if and only if the distance between them is min { e ( v i ) , e ( v j ) } , where e ( v i ) is the eccentricity of v i . A suﬃcient condition for the eccentrical graph of a connected graph to be connected is given. It is proved that the eccentrical graph of every tree is connected and its diameter does not exceed 3 . The extremum values of the greatest eigenvalue of eccentrical graphs of trees and connected graphs of ﬁxed order are also studied. Furthermore, spectra of eccentrical graphs of various classes of graphs are computed.
Aging-Induced Reduction in Safflower Seed Germination via Impaired Energy Metabolism and Genetic Integrity Is Partially Restored by Sucrose and DA-6 Treatment

Seed storage underpins global agriculture and the seed trade and revealing the mechanisms of seed aging is essential for enhancing seed longevity management. Safflower is a multipurpose oil crop, rich in unsaturated fatty acids that are at high risk of peroxidation as a contributory factor to seed aging. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for safflower seed viability loss are not yet elucidated. We used controlled deterioration (CDT) conditions of 60% relative humidity and 50 °C to reduce germination in freshly harvested safflower seeds and analyzed aged seeds using biochemical and molecular techniques. While seed malondialdehyde (MDA) and fatty acid content increased significantly during CDT, catalase activity and soluble sugar content decreased. KEGG analysis of gene function and qPCR validation indicated that aging severely impaired several key functional and biosynthetic pathways including glycolysis, fatty acid metabolism, antioxidant activity, and DNA replication and repair. Furthermore, exogenous sucrose and diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate (DA-6) treatment partially promoted germination in aged seeds, further demonstrating the vital role of impaired sugar and fatty acid metabolism during the aging and recovery processes. We concluded that energy metabolism and genetic integrity are impaired during aging, which contributes to the loss of seed vigor. Such energy metabolic pathways as glycolysis, fatty acid degradation, and the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) are impaired, especially fatty acids produced by the hydrolysis of triacylglycerols during aging, as they are not efficiently converted to sucrose via the glyoxylate cycle to provide energy supply for safflower seed germination and seedling growth. At the same time, the reduced capacity for nucleotide synthesis capacity and the deterioration of DNA repair ability further aggravate the damage to DNA, reducing seed vitality.
Navigating the Adoption of Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education

With the emergence of Education 4.0, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly being used and integrated in higher education institutions in recent years. It is hardly surprising as we are living in the era of digital technologies and a transformational shift in the educational system. This conceptual article proposes a study on adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) in higher education among undergraduate students. Drawing from the Theoretical model of The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), this study aims to examine the influence between the key variables in the UTAUT model such as performance expectation, effort expectation, social influence and facilitating conditions on attitudes and behavioral intention towards AI adoption in higher education institutions. This study will utilize quantitative research design using Structural Equation Modeling - Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) to analyze the data. It becomes central to investigate such AI adoption tendency among students as this will aid the institutions to tap into the potential problems and opportunities that may arise with its adoptions and usage. This study also attempts to clarify the potential linkages by engaging in a discussion prior to conducting empirical testing.
Research on Government Data Sharing Mechanism Based on Smart Contracts

Exploring mechanisms for internal data sharing within government departments is important in advancing digital and intelligent society. This paper is based on the establishment of decentralized nodes on the external network of government departments, constructing a decentralized node, and establishing a government internal data sharing model based on blockchain. Subsequently, integrating attribute fields from government data into the shared model, accompanied by the formulation of data-sharing rules through smart contracts, serves to streamline the implementation of efficient and secure cross-validation mechanisms across diverse departments. Finally, this article concludes by conducting a model performance testing experiment, evaluating the model from three perspectives: storage cost, blockchain performance, and security analysis. The test results show that our model enhances the efficiency of querying and retrieving data within the government's internal data-sharing system, effectively addressing challenges such as low efficiency, high costs, and issues related to the security and real-time aspects of data sharing within the government. Overall, our article provides a new way of thinking about government data sharing.
Digital clock drawing test reflects visuospatial ability of older drivers

Objectives To keep older drivers safe, it is necessary to assess their fitness to drive. We developed a touch screen-based digital Clock Drawing Test (dCDT) and examined the relationship between the dCDT scores and on-road driving performance of older drivers in a community-setting. Methods One hundred and forty-one community-dwelling older drivers (range; 64–88 years old) who participated in this study were included in the analysis. Participants completed the dCDT, the Mini-Mental State Examination-Japanese (MMSE-J), and an on-road driving assessment. We examined the relationship between dCDT scores using the method by Rouleau et al. (maximum 10 points) and the on-road driving performance based on a driving assessment system originally developed by Nagoya University. Results Multiple regression analyses showed that errors in the driving test were associated with dCDT score for the items “confirmation,” “turning left” and “maintains driving lane position”. Discussion This study confirmed the relationship between the dCDT score and driving errors, such as confirmation, turning left and maintaining driving lane position. The increase in these errors indicates a decline in visuospatial ability while driving. The dCDT score may reflect older drivers’ visuospatial abilities while driving.
Quantitative and Qualitative Radiological Assessment of Sarcopenia and Cachexia in Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review

Sarcopenia, an extremely common condition in cancer patients, is described as a progressive and generalized musculoskeletal disorder that is associated with an increased likelihood of adverse outcomes, including falls, fractures, physical disability, and mortality. By contrast, cachexia is defined as a syndrome characterized by weight loss with the concomitant loss of muscle and/or fat mass. Cancer cachexia leads to functional impairment, reduced physical performance, and decreased survival, and is often accompanied by cancer progression and reduced response to therapy. The literature states that cancer patients with cachexia or sarcopenia have many more complications than patients without these conditions. The interplay between physiologic sarcopenia and cancer cachexia is, in part, responsible for the complexity of studying wasting disorders in the cancer population, particularly in the geriatric population. For these reasons, a comprehensive assessment of the body composition and physical function of these patients is necessary. There are several modalities adapted to measure skeletal muscle mass, such as dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and ultrasound (US). The gold standard for the measurement of quantitative and qualitative changes in body composition in patients with cancer is the analysis of tissue density using a CT scan. However, this technique remains poorly implemented in clinical practice because of the use of ionizing radiation. Similarly, DEXA, MRI, and US have been proposed, but their use is limited. In this review, we present and compare the imaging techniques that have been developed so far for the nutritional assessment of cancer patients.
Subdivisions et discontinuités pour le maillage des surfaces dans le système logiciel MEFP3C

Dans le systeme logiciel MEFP3C de Maillage Evolutif de Formes avec Pavage par Polygones a sommets 3-connexes (Khamlichi et Gourret 2004), nous avons inclus une methode de subdivision des maillages qui prend en compte les discontinuites de la surface d’une forme. Les discontinuites sont les plis, les pointes, et les frontieres. En l’absence de discontinuite, la subdivision assure une continuite G1 ou G2 de la surface limite.
Climate Change: Why Is a Positive School Climate Imperative To Learning?

Many people look back with gratitude that high school is a thing of the past, primarily due to negative social interactions among peers. The focus of this Capstone Project is on obtaining a better understanding of the social climate in high school and how this is relevant to student development. This is an important issue because a student’s feeling of belonging can be directly related to his/her academic success and overall wellbeing. Evidence supporting this claim was obtained through literature and interviews at a local high school.The three primary stakeholder perspectives analyzed were those of the principal and the two assistant principals at Ocean View High School. In addition, three action options were proposed in this Capstone Project to create a more welcoming school climate.
Prevalence of dual sensory impairment in veterans: a rapid systematic review

Dual sensory impairment (DSI) is prevalent in the older population, but due to exposure to military-related risk factors, it is a particular problem for veterans, older and younger. This rapid review aimed to critically review and summarise the prevalence of DSI in military veteran populations, as well as any associative factors and outcomes that were assessed. This was done in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) statement. Several databases (Scopus, Web of Science, AMED, CINAHL Plus, Ultimate, and MEDLINE via EBSCOHost) were searched and five studies were selected for final review. All studies provided a prevalence rate for DSI in a veteran sample. One study also looked at functional independence as an outcome. Three of the studies considered blast injuries and traumatic brain injury (TBI) by using samples from TBI patient populations. Overall, results of this review suggest that age and presence of TBI and/or exposure to blast may increase prevalence of DSI in veterans. Prevalence rates ranged from 5.0–34.6% but there are caveats. There is a lack of universal or standardised definition for DSI, making it difficult to determine true prevalence. Future research should also include veterans who may not be receiving support from Veterans Affairs, consider factors such as TBI aetiology and severity based on clinical measures, and utilise a more standardised definition for DSI based on clinical measures.