Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Experimental simulations of mixed gas hydrates dissociation in response to temperature changes in Qilian Mountain permafrost, China

Gas hydrates are ice-like crystalline solids consisting of water and gas (predominantly methane). The methane gas bound in hydrate structures and their worldwide occurrence make them interesting not only as a potential energy source but also as a possible climate-relevant factor. Estimations predict that a certain amount of atmospheric CH 4 may originate through dissociation of global gas hydrates, which may exacerbate global warming (Ruppel and Kessler, 2017). In turn, climate warming is not only directly affecting the hydrate distribution, but also perturbing the hydrate stability field, leading to the release of CH 4 from hydrate-bearing sediments. Gas hydrates, particularly those associated within or below shallow permafrost, are likely to be affected by the climate processes. For instance, gas hydrates in Qilian Mountain permafrost (QMP) are found below thin permafrost layers at a shallow depth of around 133~396 m. They might be vulnerable to dissociation due to global warming resulting in a possible higher CH 4 gas emission in this area. Considering the environmental effect, a proper understanding of hydrate dissociation behavior under specific conditions is important for the stability of natural gas hydrate deposits with respect to climate change.
Recovery of copper from dilute cupric sulfate solution by electrodeposition method using boron‐doped diamond electrodes

The recovery of copper from wastewater is a key issue for environmental and economic aspects. The wastewater treatment containing copper ions has been carried out by various techniques. Among them, the electrodeposition is the “clean” method that is able to achieve the recovery of copper without requiring addition of chemicals and generating sludge or secondary wastes. However, the current efficiency would tend to decrease especially in a dilute solution, because hydrogen evolution and oxygen reduction reaction would occur as competition reaction. In this article, we study on the recovery of copper from dilute cupric sulfate solution as a model wastewater by an electrodeposition method using boron‐doped diamond electrodes which have relatively higher hydrogen overpotential. Two types of boron‐doped diamond electrodes were prepared with different boron doping level. The boron‐doped diamond electrodes could achieve the recovery of copper with higher current efficiency because of inhibiting hydrogen evolution reaction, compared with glassy carbon electrode.
Sentimen Analisis pada Komentar Angket Dosen di STMIK STIKOM Indonesia

Dalam penelitian ini melakukan sentiment analisis terhadap komentar angket dosen di STMIK STIKOM Indonesia. Angket dosen digunakan untuk mengukur kinerja dosen disetiap akhir semester, namun akan sangat menyulitkan jika untuk melakukan evaluasi komentar secara manual. Untuk itulah diperlukan suatu aplikasi yang dapat menentukan sebuah komentar termasuk ke dalam sentimen positif atau negative secara otomatis. Metode yang digunakan yaitu Naïve Bayes Clasifier (NBC), metode ini dipilih karena cukup sederhana, memiliki akurasi dan kecepatannya yang tinggi. Proses penentuan sentimen dimulai dari memasukkan data latih berupa komentar yang sentimennya sudah ditentukan sebelumnya. Selanjutnya mengubah setiap huruf besar pada komentar menjadi huruf kecil (case folding). Proses text mining pada data latih melalui tiga tahap yaitu tokenizing, filtering dan stemming. Proses stemming pada penelitian ini menggunakan Nazief dan Adriani Stemmer dan kemudian disimpan kedalam database. Selanjutnya yaitu memasukkan data uji berupa komentar baru yang belum diketahui sentimennya. Proses selanjutnya sama seperti pada data latih tetapi pada data uji setelah stemming ada proses analisis. Pada tahapan analisis komentar sebagai data latih yang ada didatabase diambil untuk melakukankan perhitungan menggunakan metode Naive Bayes Clasifier sehingga diketahui sentimen dari data uji yang telah diinputkan. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa semakin besar jumlah data latih maka presisi semakin besar. Presisi maksimum sebesar 80% dicapai pada data latih 250 dan data uji sebanyak 50.Kata kunci— Sentimen, Angket, Naive Bayes Classification
Leonardo Torres Quevedo: Pioneer of Computing, Automatics, and Artificial Intelligence

The history of computing is a fascinating story. The search for little known pioneers of automation, missed fathers of the computer, unfamiliar founders of computer science, or unrecognized creators of artificial intelligence, invites us to look at the past with an open mind. In this article, we provide a comprehensive examination of the almost unknown contribution of a Spanish pioneer in all those fields during the first two decades of the 20th century, the engineer and mathematician Leonardo Torres Quevedo (1852–1936).
Assessment of Water Quality Using Heavy Metals Concentrations in Several Water Resources of Shatt Al-Arab and Tissues of the Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and the Shrimp (Metapenaeus affinis)

Shatt al-Arab is one of the most important inland rivers in Iraq, possessing a strategic geographical location in terms of the economic, political and military aspects as well as a source of drinking fresh water and fishing. Shatt al-Arab is an important water resource for Basra governorate, on which agricultural and industrial activities depend. Shatt alArab water quality is mainly affected by the quality of the water resource from the Tigris and Euphrates rivers (Abbas & Hassan, 2018; Chabuk et al., 2020). The water quality and other river characteristics won the concern of many previous researchers. Since the study of water characteristics would allow to forecast the future quality, it has been ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article History: Received: Jan.22, 2021 Accepted: April 11, 2021 Online:April 30, 2021 _______________
Evaluating the effect of ionic strength on PNA:DNA duplex formation kinetics

Peptide nucleic acid (PNA) is a unique synthetic nucleic acid analog that has been adopted for use in many biological applications. These applications rely upon the robust Franklin–Watson–Crick base pairing provided by PNA, particularly at lower ionic strengths. However, our understanding of the relationship between the kinetics of PNA:DNA hybridization and ionic strength is incomplete. Here we measured the kinetics of association and dissociation of PNA with DNA across a range of ionic strengths and temperatures at single-molecule resolution using total internal reflection fluorescence imaging. Unlike DNA:DNA duplexes, PNA:DNA duplexes are more stable at lower ionic strength, and we demonstrate that this is due to a higher association rate. While the dissociation rate of PNA:DNA duplexes is largely insensitive to ionic strength, it is significantly lower than that of DNA:DNA duplexes having the same number and sequence of base pairing interactions. The temperature dependence of PNA:DNA kinetic rate constants indicate a significant enthalpy barrier to duplex dissociation, and to a lesser extent, duplex formation. This investigation into the kinetics of PNA:DNA hybridization provides a framework towards better understanding and design of PNA sequences for future applications.
Structure and Dynamics of Water-Smectite Interfaces: Hydrogen Bonding and the Origin of the Sharp O-Dw/O-Hw Infrared Band From Molecular Simulations

Experimental studies have shown that a sharp, high-frequency IR band at ~3615 cm-1 (in H2O form) and at ~2685 cm-1 (in D2O form) is a common feature for all smectites, and its position correlates with layer charge. In order to explain the molecular origin of this band in terms of total layer charge, charge localization, as well as nature of interlayer cations influencing the position and intensity of this peak, a series of classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations was performed for several smectite models. The smectite layers were described using a modified CLAYFF force field, where the intramolecular vibrations of H2O were described more accurately by the Toukan-Rahman potential. The power spectra of molecular vibrations of hydrogens were calculated for selected sub-sets of interlayer H2O to analyze quantitatively their contribution to the observed spectral features. The statistics of hydrogen bonds in the smectite interlayers were also analyzed to support the spectral calculations.The simulation results demonstrated clearly that only the H2O molecules in close proximity to the smectite surface are responsible for the sharp vibrational band observed. Other hypotheses for the possible origins of this band were considered carefully and eventually rejected. Two orientations of H2O molecules donating one or two H bonds to the basal oxygens of the smectite surface (monodentate and bidentate orientations, respectively) were observed. In both orientations, these H bonds are quite weak, pointing to a generally hydrophobic character of the smectite surface. Both orientations contributed to the high-frequency band, but the monodentate orientation provided the predominant contribution because surface H2O molecules in this orientation were much more abundant. In good agreement with experiment, only a small difference in the peak position was observed between smectites with different charge localization. The effect of the total layer charge, i.e. the red-shift for higher-charge smectites, was also confirmed. This shift arose from the decrease in the H-bonding distances of H2O in monodentate and bidentate orientation.
Social Media Use and Its Association with Sexual Practices among Undergraduate Students in a Private Medical University at Solan, Himachal Pradesh

Introduction: Social networking has become integral to the intellectual and social lives of the young populace. Their often unrestricted access to sexually explicit content and associated adverse sexual health constitute key outcomes in public health research. Objectives: To determine the association between social media use and various sexual practices among undergraduate students in a private medical university at Solan, Himachal Pradesh. Methods: We enrolled 300 undergraduates, using random sampling technique in the present cross sectional study. Data were collected using semi-structured questionnaire and data analysis employed statistical package for social sciences version 22.0. Chi-square test was used to determine association between variables and p value<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The mean age of respondents was 21.85+ 2.63 years. Majority of the respondents have heard about social media (n=299, 99.7%) and majority have received information from friends/peers (79%). The commonest reason for non-use of social media for sexually explicit content was lack of interest (54.3%). The mean age at sexual debut was 17.44 + 2.63 years. There was statistically significant association between use of social media for sexually explicit content and being sexually active (p=0.000), type of sexual acts practiced (p=0.003) and number of sexual partners (p=0.000). Conclusion: There is need for improved multi- sectoral measures (formal comprehensive sex education, peer education programs, school mini-media clubs and targeted behavior change intervention), Media and internet literacy education to control viewing of social media for sexually explicit content, while ensuring that young people’s access to sexual health educational content is not compromised.
Analysis of shipboard fire/explosion accidents occurred in the Turkish search and rescue area

A shipboard fire/explosion may be occurred due to various causal factors such as actions, omissions, events or conditions. In this study, it is aimed to carry out an analysis focused on shipboard fire/explosion casualties. With this aim, the data on 127 shipboard fire/explosion casualties occurred in the Turkish Search and Rescue area, which were reported to the Main Search and Rescue Coordination Center between 2006-2015, have been analyzed. As a result of the statistical analysis (descriptive statistics), it has been observed that majority of the shipboard fire/explosion casualties were occurred on-board the Turkish flagged ships, on-board small passenger vessels/recreational vessels/private-commercial yachts among the classified ship types, in the regions of İstanbul, İzmir and Çanakkale, in the summer season, during the night-time, and in machinery spaces of the ships by described locations. It has been also observed that main events caused shipboard fires/explosion casualties were electricity contact/leakage, gas accumulation/leakage, cargo ignition, welding/hot works and other undescribed factors. Additionally, by examining the existing shipboard fire & explosion accident investigation reports of Transportation Safety Investigation Center between 2014-2020, it has been observed that the main possible causal/contributing factors for the shipboard fire/explosion casualties were related with the violations of the ISM-Safety Management System (SMS) requirements. Many previous studies in the relevant literature point out to the ISM/SMS-related causal/contributing factors as well. In conclusion, special attention should be paid to the effective implementation and continuous improvement of the ISM/SMS procedures related with shipboard fire safety for the prevention of shipboard fire/explosion casualties as well.
MSPA: Multislot Pilot Allocation Random Access Protocol for mMTC-Enabled IoT System

To provide massive connectivity in massive machine-type communications (mMTCs) for the Internet of Things (IoT) system, a novel grant free random access protocol, called multislot pilot allocation (MSPA) is proposed in this article, where the user equipments (UEs) are permitted to jointly transmit randomly chosen pilot sequences along with their data packets over multislot to resolve intracell pilot collision. In addition, by utilizing the belief propagation tool for the MSPA protocol, the closed-form expressions to the access failure probability (AFP) and system throughput in a finite length regime are derived, which are highly desired for practical-interest mMTC network. Further, a guideline for certain mMTC scenarios that target urgent serving requirement UEs is also proposed to minimize the access latency and maximize the system throughput under diverse AFP constraints. Finally, the parametrical analysis of the MSPA protocol is given by theoretical proof and simulation verification, which shed light on the advantages of our MSPA protocol over the existing protocols in terms of achieving high throughput and shortening the access latency.
Physico-chemical properties and structural transformations in the synthesis of boroalumosilicate glass-crystal materials

The aim of this work is to study the areas of glass formation and metastable liquation of the pseudo-ternary system (MgO·Al2O3)-B2O3-SiO2, and study of the crystallization process of glasses of cordierite composition. The crystallization process of glasses of cordierite composition containing B2O3 by a single-stage heat treatment at 1000 oC and 1200 oC, the nature of crystallization, the thermal properties of glasses and glass crystalline materials of the system (MgO·Al2O3)-B2O3-SiO2 were studied. It revealed that during the isolation of a boron-containing solid solution, the residual glassy phase enriched with oxides of MgO and Al2O3, which lead to an increase in the thermal expansion coefficient of the glass phase. The research results provide possibility to synthesize glass-ceramics with certain thermophysical parameters by stopping further glass crystallization at the stage of formation of a certain amount and ratio of the required crystalline and glassy phases.
Split-step operators in absolute coordinates for an EFSSM solution method of the generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation

Exponential Fourier split-step methods (EFSSM) are widely employed nowadays in the numerical treatment of the generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation, e.g. in the modeling of ultrashort light pulse propagation in nonlinear media. The derivation of such methods is straightforward for a normalized electric field wavefunction using normalized coordinates, i.e. spatial units that depend on diffraction length and pulse length and temporal units that depend on pulse duration, and they may depend on several more characteristic measures, such as nonlinear length, dispersion length, peak electric field strength as well. However when testing simulation programs and comparing outputs with experimental data it is easier to use absolute coordinates and absolute electric fields. This paper derives the formulae of the EFSSM in recent paper [1] using absolute coordinates for absolute electric fields.
Analyse de la convergence des chocs macroéconomiques dans la zone CEMAC

Le present article s’appuie sur des modeles vectoriels autoregressifs structurels (SVAR) pour identifier les chocs macroeconomiques et leur dynamique dans la CEMAC. Les resultats montrent que les economies de la sous-region sont marquees par des degres d’asymetries relativement eleves, dans la mesure ou les reponses a un meme type de choc sont differentes. En effet, les chocs d’offre reelle sont moins correles entre les pays, comparativement aux chocs de demande reelle qui apparaissent un peu plus correles. L’analyse de la convergence a long terme met en exergue l’inefficacite dans l’ajustement des desequilibres par les differentes politiques economiques conventionnelles. Cette inefficacite conduit a suggerer d’autres mecanismes d’ajustement alternatifs aux chocs asymetriques. Ainsi, un approfondissement de l’integration commerciale induirait un accroissement de la convergence reelle, conduisant a un renforcement de la symetrie des chocs dans la CEMAC.
Graphene oxide membranes for gas separation

Karel Friess, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague (UCT), Department of Physical Chemistry, Czech Republic karel.friess@vscht.cz Marek Lanč, UCT Prague, Department of Physical Chemistry, Technická 5, Prague 6, 16628, CZ Kryštof Pilnáček, UCT Prague, Department of Physical Chemistry, Technická 5, Prague 6, 16628, CZ Ondřej Vopička, UCT Prague, Department of Physical Chemistry, Technická 5, Prague 6, 16628, CZ Zdeněk Sofer, UCT Prague, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Technická 5, Prague 6, 16628, CZ Daniel Bouša, UCT Prague, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Technická 5, Prague 6, 16628, CZ Michal Nováček, UCT Prague, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Technická 5, Prague 6, 16628, CZ
Quantized Self-Supervised Local Feature for Real-Time Robot Indirect VSLAM

The indirect visual simultaneous localization and mapping (VSLAM) is widely used in robot localization and navigation, thanks to its potential to achieve high localization accuracy with the local feature observations. However, the existing local features are subject to drift and mismatches under various visual conditions, which causes a degrading in localization accuracy and tracking loss. This article proposes a quantized self-supervised local feature for the indirect VSLAM to handle the environmental interference in robot localization tasks. A joint feature detection and description network is built in a lightweight manner to extract local features in real time. The network is iteratively trained by a self-supervised learning strategy, and the extracted local features are quantized by an orthogonal transformation for efficiency. We utilize frame-wise matching in Hamming space and bundle adjustment to establish a parallel indirect VSLAM. The proposed VSLAM demonstrates outstanding localization accuracy and tracking stability in the evaluation on multiple datasets and robustness in real-world experiments with the Realsense D435 RGB-D sensor. The efficiency experiment on Jetson TX2 indicates that the quantized self-supervised local feature is suitable for feature-based tasks on edge computing platforms.
Cobalt-related defects in silicon

Transition metals from the 3d series are unavoidable and unwanted contaminants in Si-based devices. Cobalt is one of the most poorly understood impurities with incomplete experimental information and few theoretical studies. In this contribution, the properties of interstitial cobalt (Coi) in Si and its interactions with the vacancy, self-interstitial, hydrogen, and substitutional boron are calculated using the first-principles tools. The stable configurations, gap levels, and binding energies are predicted. The activation energy for diffusing Coi is calculated with the nudged-elastic-band method and found to be slightly lower than that of interstitial copper and nickel. The binding energies and gap levels of the substitutional cobalt (Cos) and of the {Cos,H} and {Cos,H,H} complexes are close to the experimental data. The properties of the cobalt-boron pair are calculated.
Risikostratifizierung des NSTE-ACS

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Verbesserung der Prognose der NSTE-ACS-Patientenkollektive in den letzten Jahren spielt eine standardisierte, schnelle und gute diskriminierende Risikostratifizierung eine erhebliche Rolle. Verschiedene Merkmale des langfristig erwartbaren ischämischen Risikos, wie z.B. klinische Parameter, EKG-Indikatoren, Biomarker und klinische Scores, werden zusammen mit dem individuellen Blutungsrisiko erfasst und integriert. So ist z.B. die absolute Höhe der Troponin-Konzentration prädiktiv für die Gesamtletalität. Der GRACE-Risk-Score wird nicht nur zusätzlich zur objektiven Risikostratifizierung empfohlen, sondern ein Punktwert >140 ist eines der Kriterien für eine frühe Koronarangiografie innerhalb von 24 Stunden. Die Abschätzung des Blutungsrisikos entsprechend der ARC-HBR-Kriterien hat einen Einfluss auf das antithrombotische Therapieregime.
Globalising and localising translation strategies from rhetorical perspective: Rendering English headlines into Ukrainian

The paper develops an idea of globalising and localising strategies of media text translation in the framework of the rhetorical canons of invention, concerning selection of arguments; disposition, dealing with their arrangement; elocution, aimed at the choice of linguistic units; performance, underlying the formation of different kinds of discourse. The globalising strategy of translation renders the international content into the target language with minor changes in disposition or elocution while the localising strategy adjusts the global content to the worldview of the local readership changing text organisation at particular rhetorical levels. The article discusses the application of the globalising and localising strategies to the translation of the BBC’s English online headlines into Ukrainian with respect to their three structural positions: attracting attention by foregrounded units, keeping it by predicative groups, nudging the reader towards the text body in the final position. It is found that Ukrainian translations of English headlines intensify the globalising strategy extending the nudging utterances which compel the reader to turn to the text while the localising strategy is implemented by the techniques of specification or perspectivation altering the disposition of the original headline by foregrounding references to the entities important for the local audience.
Structural study of the Fe2O3-B2O3-BaO glass system by FTIR spectroscopy

Glasses belonging to the xFe 2 O 3 ·(100-x)[3B 2 O 3 ·BaO] system, with 0 ≤ x ≤ 50 mol% were prepared and characterized by IR spectroscopy. It was establised the mode in wich Fe 2 O 3 influence the local structure of the 3B 2 O 3 ·BaO glass matrix. The IR absorption data indicate that the BO 4 / BO 3 ratio in the studied glasses is dependent on the iron ions content.