Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Incidence and Severity of Kawasaki Disease Among Vietnamese Children

Background: Kawasaki disease (KD) disproportionately affects children of Asian descent. San Diego is home to a large Vietnamese population but no previous study has addressed the outcome of KD in this group. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of Vietnamese patients seen at Rady Children’s Hospital San Diego from 2001 to 2019. Non-Vietnamese Asian and non-Asian KD patients were matched (2:1) based on date of onset and age with Vietnamese patients. Demographic, clinical, and echocardiographic data were compared. Interviews with cardiologists at the Children’s Hospital 1 in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, explored local practices in the diagnosis and management of KD patients. KD publications in Vietnamese were translated and summarized. Results: Of 978 KD patients for whom both parents had the same ethnicity, 20 were Vietnamese (2.1%), 168 (17%) were non-Vietnamese Asian, and 789 (81%) were non-Asian. Vietnamese and non-Vietnamese Asians had an earlier median day of diagnosis at day 6 (interquartile range [IQR] 5–6) and 5.5 (IQR 4–6.75), respectively, compared with non-Asians (day 7, IQR 5–8.75, P = 0.02). Prominent cervical lymphadenopathy at diagnosis was more common in both Vietnamese and non-Vietnamese Asians (20% and 40%, respectively) compared with non-Asians (12.5%, P = 0.01). Importantly, Vietnamese KD patients had a higher rate of coronary artery aneurysms (60% vs. 27.5%) compared to non-Asians (P = 0.024). Vietnamese literature review and structured interviews suggested a high incidence and severity of KD in Vietnamese children. Conclusions: Physicians should be aware that Vietnamese children may be disproportionately affected by KD and have worse coronary artery outcomes.
Quantum Algorithm for Finding a Maximum Clique in an Undirected Graph

The maximum clique in an undirected graph is the largest subset of a set of graph's vertices where each pair of elements in the subset is connected. In this paper I would like to propose an algorithm for quantum computers that finds a maximum clique in an arbitrary undirected graph. An algorithm has O(|V|2 |V|/2 ) worst case time complexity and O(2 |V|/2 ) best case time complexity. Algorithm's space complexity for each case is O(|V|). An algorithm is based on a version of Grover's quantum algorithm for finding element in an unsorted list in which there can be an unknown number of solutions.
Notophs of N = 8 supergravity

We study the tensor gauge fields (“notophs”) of ungauged N = 8, D = 4 supergravity in superspace. These are described by 2-form potentials B 2 in the adjoint representation of G = E7(+7). The consistency of the natural candidates for the superspace constraints for their field strengths H 3 fixes the form of the generalized Bianchi identities DH 3 = . and also requires the potentials B G/H 2 with indices of G/H = E7(+7)/SU(8) generators to be dual to the scalars of the N = 8, D = 4 supergravity multiplet. In contrast, the field strengths of the 2-form potentials corresponding to the SU(8) generators are dual to fermionic bilinears, so that these potentials are auxiliary rather than physical fields. Their presence, however, is essential to formulate a tensor hierarchy of N = 8, D = 4 supergravity consistent with its U-duality group E7(+7).
Dacryoendoscopic Findings in the Failed Silicone Tube Intubations without Dacryoendoscopy

Purpose To investigate the clinical characteristics and dacryoendoscopic findings and clinical efficacy of silicone tube intubation (STI) in the patients who referred to our center due to failed with conventional STI. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 61 cases from 50 patients who underwent STI or endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy using dacryoendoscopy from January 2016 to May 2021. Clinical characteristics, tear meniscus height, lacrimal irrigation test, dacryocystographic findings, dacryoendoscopic findings and surgical outcomes were evaluated. Results The study included 12 male and 38 female patients (mean age, 64.1 ± 13.2 years). In the preoperative lacrimal irrigation test, passage was found in 33 eyes (54.1%) and no passage in 28 eyes (45.9%). The causes of lacrimal duct obstruction were in the order of stenosis (31.1%), mucus (27.9%), membrane (24.6%), granulation (13.1%), and stone (3.3%), and the location were in the order of nasolacrimal duct (39.3%), lacrimal sac (36.1%), canaliculus (21.3%), and inferior meatus (3.3%). As for the characteristics of obstruction, the secretory type was 21 eyes (34.4%), and structural change type was 40 eyes (65.6%). The STI group consisted of 57 eyes (93.4%) and endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy consisted of four eyes (6.6%). The overall success rate was 83.9%. Clinical results were correlated with dacryoendoscopic finding (p = 0.015), but not with lacrimal irrigation test or dacryocystography. The structural change type had a higher surgical success rate than the secretory type (84.4% vs. 66.7%, p = 0.015). In particular, the structural change type showed higher success rate than the secretory type below the lacrimal sac (95.5% vs. 61.9%, p = 0.034). Conclusions STI using dacryoendoscopy has a higher surgical success rate than conventional STI since dacryoendoscopy provides direct visualization of nasolacrimal duct obstruction. It could be useful in increasing the surgical success rate in patients with structural changes below lacrimal sac.
Sequence Divergence and Retrotransposon Insertion Underlie Interspecific Epigenetic Differences in Primates

Abstract Changes in the epigenome can affect the phenotype without the presence of changes in the genomic sequence. Given the high identity of the human and chimpanzee genome sequences, a substantial portion of their phenotypic divergence likely arises from epigenomic differences between the two species. In this study, the transcriptome and epigenome were determined for induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) generated from human and chimpanzee individuals. The transcriptome and epigenomes for trimethylated histone H3 at lysine-4 (H3K4me3) and at lysine-27 (H3K27me3) showed high levels of similarity between the two species. However, there were some differences in histone modifications. Although such regions, in general, did not show significant enrichment of interspecies nucleotide variations, gains in binding motifs for pluripotency-related transcription factors, especially POU5F1 and SOX2, were frequently found in species-specific H3K4me3 regions. We also revealed that species-specific insertions of retrotransposons, including the LTR5_Hs subfamily in human and a newly identified LTR5_Pt subfamily in chimpanzee, created species-specific H3K4me3 regions associated with increased expression of nearby genes. Human iPSCs have more species-specific H3K27me3 regions, resulting in more abundant bivalent domains. Only a limited number of these species-specific H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 regions overlap with species-biased enhancers in cranial neural crest cells, suggesting that differences in the epigenetic state of developmental enhancers appear late in development. Therefore, iPSCs serve as a suitable starting material for studying evolutionary changes in epigenome dynamics during development.
Test Anxiety Does Not Predict Exam Performance When Knowledge Is Controlled For: Strong Evidence Against the Interference Hypothesis of Test Anxiety

Do test-anxious students perform worse in exam situations than their knowledge would otherwise allow? We analyzed data from 309 medical students who prepared for a high-stakes exam using a digital learning platform. Using log files from the learning platform, we assessed students’ level of knowledge throughout the exam-preparation phase and their average performance in mock exams that were completed shortly before the final exam. The results showed that test anxiety did not predict exam performance over and above students’ knowledge level as assessed in the mock exams or during the exam-preparation phase. Leveraging additional ambulatory assessment data from the exam-preparation phase, we found that high trait test anxiety predicted smaller gains in knowledge over the exam-preparation phase. Taken together, these findings are incompatible with the hypothesis that test anxiety interferes with the retrieval of previously learned knowledge during the exam.
Evolution of a disc–planet system with a binary companion on an inclined orbit

We study orbital inclination changes associated with the precession of a disc-planet system that occurs through gravitational interaction with a binary companion on an inclined orbit. We investigate whether this scenario can account for giant planets on close orbits highly inclined to the stellar equatorial plane. We obtain conditions for maintaining approximate coplanarity and test them with SPH-simulations. For parameters of interest, the system undergoes approximate rigid body precession with modest warping while the planets migrate inwards. Because of pressure forces, disc self-gravity is not needed to maintain the configuration. We consider a disc and single planet for different initial inclinations of the binary orbit to the midplane of the combined system and a system of three planets for which migration leads to dynamical instability that reorders the planets. As the interaction is dominated by the time averaged quadrupole component of the binary's perturbing potential, results for a circular orbit can be scaled to apply to eccentric orbits. The system responded adiabatically when changes to binary orbital parameters occurred on time scales exceeding the orbital period. Accordingly inclination changes are maintained under its slow removal. Thus the scenario for generating high inclination planetary orbits studied here, is promising.
Topical Advances in Mucoadhesive Ocular Drug Delivery System.

The current article mainly highlights the mucoadhesive drug delivery with merits like the prolonged holding timeat the action site and also provides a controlled rate of drug release for improved therapeutic outcomes. Moreover, mucosal delivery can eliminate problems of the conventional oral route, such as first pass metabolism as well as acid degradation. However, the eye has unique anatomy and physiology that can cause hindrance and challenges in comparison to the other organs of the body. Additionally, conventional delivery vehicles like solutions, suspensions, and ointments have many demerits such as rapid precorneal clearance, subject variability, drainage, and uncontrolled releasefrom the dosage form. Therefore, novel pharmaceutical ophthalmic formulationslike gels, nanosuspensions, nano-particles, liposomes, microemulsions, iontophoretic dosage forms, and ocusertswere tried and tested in the past few years for ophthalmic delivery. These novel delivery products provideenhanced solubility and bioavailability in a controlled manner to overcome conventional demerits. Here in this review, we have summarized the improvement of drug studies thatare currently underway for eye drug carriers along with stages and important aspects of novel drug delivery to the eye.
Fine‐Tuning the Relevance of Molecular Targets to Pediatric Cancer: Addressing Additional Layers of Complexity

The Research to Accelerate Cures and Equity (RACE) for Children Act requires an assessment of molecular targets relevant to pediatric cancer. Due to the biological complexity, candidate molecular targets have been primarily evaluated based on single features such as the presence of mutations or deregulated expression. As the understanding of tumor biology evolves, the relevance of certain molecular targets may need to be assessed at isoform and/or mutation variant level to optimize tailored therapeutic interventions.
Fragmentation in filamentary molecular clouds

Recent surveys of dust continuum emission at sub-mm wavelengths have shown that filamentary molecular clouds are ubiquitous along the Galactic plane. These structures are inhomogeneous, with over-densities that are sometimes associated with infrared emission and active of star formation. To investigate the connection between filaments and star formation, requires an understanding of the processes that lead to the fragmentation of filaments and a determination of the physical properties of the over-densities (clumps). In this paper, we present a multi-wavelength study of five filamentary molecular clouds, containing several clumps in different evolutionary stages of star formation. We analyse the fragmentation of the filaments and derive the physical properties of their clumps. We find that the clumps in all filaments have a characteristic spacing consistent with the prediction of the `sausage' instability theory, regardless of the complex morphology of the filaments or their evolutionary stage. We also find that most clumps have sufficient mass and density to form high-mass stars, supporting the idea that high-mass stars and clusters form within filaments.
Investigating charmonium production at LHC with the p pbar final state

We propose to investigate various charmonium states using their common decay channel to p pbar at LHC. Having the branching ratios for charmonium decaying into the p pbar final state measured or calculated, we propose to measure the charmonium production rate for both hadroproduction including soft-diffraction and inclusive production from b-hadron decays. We discuss the theoretical impacts in QCD of measuring different charmonium production rates and also the experimental prospects at LHCb, in particular, those for yet unmeasured eta_c and h_c.
FINE MAGNETIC STRUCTURE AND ORIGIN OF COUNTER-STREAMING MASS FLOWS IN A QUIESCENT SOLAR PROMINENCE

We present high-resolution observations of a quiescent solar prominence that consists of a vertical and a horizontal foot encircled by an overlying spine and has ubiquitous counter-streaming mass flows. While the horizontal foot and the spine were connected to the solar surface, the vertical foot was suspended above the solar surface and was supported by a semicircular bubble structure. The bubble first collapsed, then reformed at a similar height, and finally started to oscillate for a long time. We find that the collapse and oscillation of the bubble boundary were tightly associated with a flare-like feature located at the bottom of the bubble. Based on the observational results, we propose that the prominence should be composed of an overlying horizontal spine encircling a low-lying horizontal and vertical foot, in which the horizontal foot consists of shorter field lines running partially along the spine and has ends connected to the solar surface, while the vertical foot consists of piling-up dips due to the sagging of the spine fields and is supported by a bipolar magnetic system formed by parasitic polarities (i.e., the bubble). The upflows in the vertical foot were possibly caused by the magnetic reconnection at the separator between the bubble and the overlying dips, which intruded into the persistent downflow field and formed the picture of counter-streaming mass flows. In addition, the counter-streaming flows in the horizontal foot were possibly caused by the imbalanced pressure at the both ends.
Immunohistochemical comparison of lateral bone augmentation using a synthetic TiO2 block or a xenogeneic graft in chronic alveolar defects

Abstract Objectives To evaluate osteogenic markers and alveolar ridge profile changes in guided bone regeneration (GBR) of chronic noncontained bone defects using a nonresorbable TiO2 block. Materials and Methods Three buccal bone defects were created in each hemimandible of eight beagle dogs and allowed to heal for 8 weeks before GBR. Treatment was assigned by block randomization: TiO2 block: TiO2‐scaffold and a collagen membrane, DBBM particulates: Deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) and a collagen membrane, Empty control: Only collagen membrane. Bone regeneration was assessed on two different healing timepoints: early (4 weeks) and late healing (12 weeks) using several immunohistochemistry markers including alpha‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA), osteopontin, osteocalcin, tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase, and collagen type I. Histomorphometry was performed on Movat Pentachrome‐stained and Von Kossa/Van Gieson‐stained sections. Stereolithographic (STL) models were used to compare alveolar profile changes. Results The percentage of α‐SMA and osteopontin increased in TiO2 group after 12 weeks of healing at the bone‐scaffold interface, while collagen type I increased in the empty control group. In the defect area, α‐SMA decreased in the empty control group, while collagen type I increased in the DBBM group. All groups maintained alveolar profile from 4 to 12 weeks, but TiO2 group demonstrated the widest soft tissue contour profile. Conclusions The present findings suggested contact osteogenesis when GBR is performed with a TiO2 block or DBBM particulates. The increase in osteopontin indicated a potential for bone formation beyond 12 weeks. The alveolar profile data indicated a sustained lateral increase in lateral bone augmentation using a TiO2 block and a collagen membrane, as compared with DBBM and a collagen membrane or a collagen membrane alone.
Searching for binary central stars of planetary nebulae with Kepler

Abstract The Kepler Observatory offers unprecedented photometric precision (<1 mmag) and cadence for monitoring the central stars of planetary nebulae, allowing the detection of tiny periodic light curve variations, a possible signature of binarity. With this precision free from the observational gaps dictated by weather and lunar cycles, we are able to detect companions at much larger separations and with much smaller radii than ever before. We have been awarded observing time to obtain light-curves of the central stars of the six confirmed and possible planetary nebulae in the Kepler field, including the newly discovered object Kn 61, at cadences of both 30 min and 1 min. Of these six objects, we could confirm for three a periodic variability consistent with binarity. Two others are variables, but the initial data set presents only weak periodicities. For the central star of Kn 61, Kepler data will be available in the near future.
TransformEHRs: a flexible methodology for building transparent ETL processes for EHR reuse

Abstract Background During the COVID-19 pandemic, several methodologies were designed for obtaining electronic health record (EHR)-derived datasets for research. These processes are often based on black boxes, on which clinical researchers are unaware of how the data were recorded, extracted, and transformed. In order to solve this, it is essential that extract, transform, and load (ETL) processes are based on transparent, homogeneous, and formal methodologies, making them understandable, reproducible, and auditable. Objectives This study aims to design and implement a methodology, according with FAIR Principles, for building ETL processes (focused on data extraction, selection, and transformation) for EHR reuse in a transparent and flexible manner, applicable to any clinical condition and health care organization. Methods The proposed methodology comprises four stages: (1) analysis of secondary use models and identification of data operations, based on internationally used clinical repositories, case report forms, and aggregated datasets; (2) modeling and formalization of data operations, through the paradigm of the Detailed Clinical Models; (3) agnostic development of data operations, selecting SQL and R as programming languages; and (4) automation of the ETL instantiation, building a formal configuration file with XML. Results First, four international projects were analyzed to identify 17 operations, necessary to obtain datasets according to the specifications of these projects from the EHR. With this, each of the data operations was formalized, using the ISO 13606 reference model, specifying the valid data types as arguments, inputs and outputs, and their cardinality. Then, an agnostic catalog of data was developed through data-oriented programming languages previously selected. Finally, an automated ETL instantiation process was built from an ETL configuration file formally defined. Conclusions This study has provided a transparent and flexible solution to the difficulty of making the processes for obtaining EHR-derived data for secondary use understandable, auditable, and reproducible. Moreover, the abstraction carried out in this study means that any previous EHR reuse methodology can incorporate these results into them.
STAR FORMATION EFFICIENCIES AND LIFETIMES OF GIANT MOLECULAR CLOUDS IN THE MILKY WAY

We use a sample of the 13 most luminous WMAP Galactic free–free sources, responsible for 33% of the free–free emission of the Milky Way, to investigate star formation. The sample contains 40 star-forming complexes; we combine this sample with giant molecular cloud (GMC) catalogs in the literature to identify the host GMCs of 32 of the complexes. We estimate the star formation efficiency ϵGMC and star formation rate per free-fall time ϵff. We find that ϵGMC ranges from 0.002 to 0.2, with an ionizing luminosity-weighted average 〈ϵGMC〉Q = 0.08, compared to the Galactic average ≈0.005. Turning to the star formation rate per free-fall time, we find values that range up to . Weighting by ionizing luminosity, we find an average of 〈ϵff〉Q = 0.14–0.24 depending on the estimate of the age of the system. Once again, this is much larger than the Galaxy-wide average value ϵff = 0.006. We show that the lifetimes of GMCs at the mean mass found in our sample is 27 ± 12 Myr, a bit less than three free-fall times. The GMCs hosting the most luminous clusters are being disrupted by those clusters. Accordingly, we interpret the range in ϵff as the result of a time-variable star formation rate; the rate of star formation increases with the age of the host molecular cloud, until the stars disrupt the cloud. These results are inconsistent with the notion that the star formation rate in Milky Way GMCs is determined by the properties of supersonic turbulence.