Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Overview of Mobile Ad-hoc Network Simulators and Associated Simulation Techniques

Mobile Ad-hoc Network is vibrant and dynamic Network occupied by Mobile station. Stations are typically laptops, PDAs and Mobile phones. These devices characteristics Bluetooth and Wi-Fi Network crossing points and commune in a distributed way. Mobility is a main characteristic of Mobile Ad- Hoc Networks. As lack flexibility and because Of its rising cost and prices of such Networks experimentations is very much attainable all the way through Simulation. Several tools are for Mobile And-hoc Network Simulation, with ns-2 and GLOMosim, which of the two are very well liked. This article offers a simulator and related Simulation techniques.
GLOBAL CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AND ITS COMPONENTS IN LOCAL SPORTS SERVICES. A DISCRIMINANT ANALYSIS La satisfacción global del cliente y sus componentes en servicios deportivos municipales: Un análisis discriminante

Customer satisfaction is the basis of any organization. This study aims to examine in-depth the level of satisfaction of local sports service customers through an assessment of their perceptions. We analyse the relationship between the global satisfaction of customers with the perception of global quality of these local sports services, using a discriminant analysis. Cleanliness and instructor/coach attention are the variables with the highest discriminatory power. Organizations should have one key element constantly in mind: knowing how to evaluate the opinion of the customers of the sport service.
A Case Study in Active Learning: Teaching Undergraduate Research in an Engineering Classroom Setting

Abstract Exposing undergraduate engineering students to research provides an opportunity to assess students’ interest in research. Developing research skills at an undergraduate level promotes increased understanding of the basic concepts taught through textbook instruction and provides an awareness of industry relevant issues. This study reports on the introduction of engineering research to undergraduate students in a classroom environment. The course was designed around technical experiments inspired by Michael Faraday’s lectures from The Chemical History of a Candle. Fourteen engineering undergraduates enrolled in a Special Topics in Mechanical Engineering course at a large southwestern university participated in five problem-based learning activities that engaged students using interactive, hands-on lessons and activities designed to teach the research process. Based on student assessments, the lessons learned from this experience revealed students understood the practice of research after only three activities yet, the last two activities provide valuable repetition that reinforce the research concepts and allowed for students’ critical reflection on research processes. Also, only 20% of the students reported enjoying research enough to pursue graduate school, all of which would commit to a PhD rather than a master’s degree.
Comparative analysis of radial and axial power output in relativistic magnetron and effect of dielectric side-walls introduced in the resonator on dominant operating mode

A comparative analysis of radiated power in relativistic magnetron is done using particle-in-cell simulations performed on Magic3d code developed by ATK Mission Systems. The Resonator with dielectric side-walls (DSW) is compared with no-side wall (NSW) configuration having same input parameters and resonator dimensions. Observations and comments have been made on the output power, obtained both axially and radially, taking into consideration π as well as 2π modes of operation for both configurations. The DSW assist in π-mode operation at 3.3 GHz and delivers radial peak power output of ~2.5 GW, which is more than ~1.5 GW, the radial peak power for the NSW case. The NSW case operates in dominant 2π mode (radially) at 5.68 GHz with axial power radiated at dominant π-mode frequency. The electron kinetic energies and their distribution in the cavity are discussed together with the dynamic behavior of particles, which result in spokes formation.
MEMS piston mirror arrays for computer generated holography

Computer generated holography (CGH) offers the best possible solution for very interesting applications like virtual, augmented and mixed reality. To get the images from the computer into the real world, spatial light modulators (SLMs) are required that fulfil very demanding specifications. Unfortunately, none of the currently available kinds of SLMs can meet this challenge fully. Within the European Union funded Project REALHOLO we are therefore developing a novel kind of MEMS (micro electro mechanical system) SLM especially for CGH applications. The challenge is to modulate the phase of incoming coherent light with millions of individually controllable pixels. The pixels have to be only a few micrometers in size for acceptable diffraction angles and still have a stroke range of half the wavelength of visible light, about 350nm. Within this range, each pixel needs to be set very precisely to one of many deflection levels at frame rates of more than one kHz. This paper discusses the challenge and our solution: an innovative MEMS comb drive actuator array, monolithically integrated on top of a CMOS backplane. The advantages of this design are compared to other types of SLMs and its superior performance is shown by FEM simulations. We also discuss the impact of effects like charging and fabrication imperfections on the deflection precision. Our newly developed MEMS technology and SLM will also enable many other applications that may benefit from the fast and precise phase modulation by a large number of pixels, like wave front shaping or quickly re-programmable diffractive optical elements (DOEs).
Change detection for multispectral images using modified semantic segmentation network

Abstract. Change detection is a significant issue for understanding the changes occurring on the land surface. We propose a change detection approach based on a semantic segmentation network from multispectral (MS) images. Different from the traditional approaches that learn deep features from the change index or establish mapping relations from patches, the proposed approach employs the semantic segmentation network UNet++ for end-to-end change detection. Nevertheless, in UNet++, the deep feature is directly upsampled from the node in the lower level and does not involve much information from the nodes in the other levels. To cope with this problem and further enhance its robustness, the zigzag UNet++ (ZUNet++) is developed. In ZUNet++, the zigzag connection between nodes can be found, so the inputs of the node involve not only the upsampled deep feature but also the downsampled shallow feature, i.e., the network fuses multiple feature information. In addition, as few MS training datasets are available, we designed a strategy in which each MS image is transferred into several pseudo-RGB images; thus the network is trained by available RGB training sets and can be applied to the testing MS datasets. In the experiment, three real testing MS datasets that reflect different types of changes in Xi’an City are used. Experimental results show that, upon determining the appropriate parameter, the proposed ZUNet++ outperforms the other state-of-the-art approaches, demonstrating its feasibility and effectiveness.
Flexible conjugate adaptive optics with a refractive wavefront modulator

Diffraction-limited imaging in microscopy is only possible if different layers within the objective’s working distance all have an uniform refractive index. However, in many practical imaging problems the samples are inhomogeneous in optical density, and refraction through them introduces field-dependent wavefront aberrations. On the image plane these are manifested in varying degrees of resolution and contrast degradation across the field-of-view. In pupil adaptive optics (AO), where a wavefront modulator is accommodated at the objective’s pupil-plane, a single correction profile is applied for all fields, and the correctable field-of-view (FoV) is limited by the isoplanatic patch. In the alternative configuration of conjugate adaptive optics, where the corrective element and the dominant aberrating layer within the sample sit at optically conjugate planes, effective correction across the entire FoV is possible in principle. This configuration, however, is relatively difficult to implement with deformable mirrors for wavefront modulation, since several folded optical paths have to be constructed. In this work, we present the design and evaluation of a completely in-line conjugate-AO system based on a refractive wavefront modulator (DELTA7 from Phaseform GmbH, Germany). We evaluate the performance of the system on a Zeiss Axiovert inverted microscope by imaging fluorescent beads through custom-fabricated phase plates.
Percutaneous Chevron Osteotomy: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial

Introduction: Minimally invasive surgical techniques for hallux valgus have gained popularity, showing good results characterized by smaller postoperative scars, less pain, lower infection risk, and fewer wound complications. Given the lack of evidence available in our country regarding this subject, especially about this type of surgical technique, our paper aims to compare open and MIS approaches for chevron osteotomy. We evaluated the outcome and complications after 12 months. Materials and Methods: We undertook a prospective, randomized, controlled, single-center study between October 2017 and December 2020. The patients were randomized into two groups: one group that received percutaneous chevron osteotomy (MIS), and the other, open chevron osteotomy (OC). For clinical assessment, we determined the function and the level of pain using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and The American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Surgery score (AOFAS). The VAS scale was measured before the surgical procedure, at discharge, and at 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months after surgery. The AOFAS score was calculated preoperatively and after 6 months. The hallux angle (HVA) and intramedullary angle (IMA) were measured preoperatively, and at 6 weeks, 6 months and 12 months. Results: We included 26 cases in the open chevron osteotomy group (24 female, 2 male) and 24 in the MIS group (24 female, 0 male). Both groups demonstrated improvements regarding the IMA and HVA at the last follow-up without any significant differences between the groups at the final assessment. The VAS showed significantly better post-operative results for the MIS group at discharge (p < 0.001) and 3 weeks (p < 0.001), 6 weeks (p < 0.001), and 6 months (p = 0.004) post-surgery. The AOFAS showed no significant differences either before or after surgery. Four cases with screw prominence were reported, three of which belonged to the MIS group. Only one case with metatarsalgia was found in the OC group. Conclusions: This paper demonstrates that minimally invasive chevron osteotomy has comparable results with open chevron osteotomy, even though surgical time and radiological exposure are significantly longer. More studies are required to evaluate the complications and the risk of recurrences.
Dynamic evaluation method of benefit evaluation for smart grid energy conservation and emission reduction

In order to reflect the development level of smart grid in different time stages,a dynamic evaluation method which can assess the effects on the aspect of energy conservation and emission reduction in various times is presented in this paper.Through system dynamic theory,the index values of smart grids in the future development can be forecasted with the proposed method,and the weight coefficients of index values in different times also can be analyzed by the method of analysis hierarchy process,further some comprehensive evaluation results of smart grids can be obtained in some time scope.Relevant cases analysis results show that the presented method is with available and practical.
High-Speed Maritime Object Detection Scheme for the Protection of the Aid to Navigation

Buoys used for Aid to Navigation systems are widely used to guide the sea paths and are powered by batteries, requiring continuous battery replacement. However, since human labor is required to replace the batteries, humans can be exposed to dangerous situation, including even collision with shipping vessels. In addition, Maritime sensors are installed on the route signs, so that these are often damaged by collisions with small and medium-sized ships, resulting in significant financial loss. In order to prevent these accidents, maritime object detection technology is essential to alert ships approaching buoys. Existing studies apply a number of filters to eliminate noise and to detect objects within the sea image. For this process, most studies directly access the pixels and process the images. However, this approach typically takes a long time to process because of its complexity and the requirements of significant amounts of computational power. In an emergent situation, it is important to alarm the vessel's rapid approach to buoys in real time to avoid collisions between vessels and route signs, therefore minimizing computation and speeding up processes are critical operations. Therefore, we propose Fast Connected Component Labeling (FCCL) which can reduce computation to minimize the processing time of filter applications, while maintaining the detection performance of existing methods. The results show that the detection performance of the FCCL is close to 30 FPS - approximately 2-5 times faster, when compared to the existing methods - while the average throughput is the same as existing methods.
Risk factors for atherosclerosis in the light of existing scientific facts

Atherosclerosis is a progressive, multifactorial, diffuse, multisystemic, chronic, inflammatory disease, which is manifested by disorders of vascular, immune and metabolic system. Atherosclerosis is a disease of the large and intermediate sized arteries in which one can observe five stages (endothelial dysfunction, fatty stain, transitory lesion, fibrotic plaque and complex lesion). Pathogenesis of this disease is not fully understood. Numerous scientific theories, as well as functional, experimental and clinical studies try to explain pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, whose the frequentative consequences, coronary disease and cerebral infarction, are currently the leading worldwide cause of death. In this review, we provide an overview of recent literature data and practical knowledge related to most important risk factors for atherosclerosis. Having in mind increase of prevalence of atherosclerosis and its complications in future, it is necessary to take preventive actions to decrease risk factors (inappropriate diet rich in carbohydrates and saturated fat, obesity, smoking, sedentary lifestyle and physical inactivity). Except to lifestyle changes, usage of hypocaloric diet and increase level of physical activity, in patients with progressive atherosclerosis it is necessary to apply appropriate medical treatment.
Impact on Postoperative Pain and Recovery of a Regional Analgesia Strategy Based on the Surgical Approach for Lung Resection: A Prospective Observational Study

Various regional anesthesia (RA) techniques were shown to reduce pain after lung surgery, but controversies remain regarding the best technique to use to improve recovery. In this observational prospective study, the aim was to assess the efficacy of an RA strategy depending on the surgical approach. Patients who underwent lung surgery were included if an RA was planned following our unit procedure (erector spinae plane block (ESP) for video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) and thoracic epidural analgesia (TEA) or intrathecal analgesia (IA) for thoracotomy). Patients were compared according to the RA used. In total, 116 patients were included, 70 (60%), 32 (28%), 14 (12%) in the ESP, TEA and IA groups, respectively. Between Day 1 and Day 3, median NRS values were ≤4 at rest, and <50% patients experienced moderate-to-severe pain in each group. There were no significant differences in opioid consumption and in pain at rest or during chest physiotherapy on Days 1 and 2 between groups. However, patients who received an IA had lower NRS than other groups on Day 0 and 3 and a shorter length of hospital stay in comparison with those who received a TEA. Thus, in our institution, a strategy combining ESP for VATS and TEA, or IA for thoracotomy, allowed for effective analgesia after a lung resection. Interestingly, IA appeared to be more effective than TEA in reducing the length of hospital stay and pain on Day 0 and 3.
Immunocapture Magnetic Beads Enhanced the LAMP-CRISPR/Cas12a Method for the Sensitive, Specific, and Visual Detection of Campylobacter jejuni

Campylobacter jejuni is one of the most important causes of food-borne infectious disease, and poses challenges to food safety and public health. Establishing a rapid, accurate, sensitive, and simple detection method for C. jejuni enables early diagnosis, early intervention, and prevention of pathogen transmission. In this study, an immunocapture magnetic bead (ICB)-enhanced loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) CRISPR/Cas12a method (ICB-LAMP-CRISPR/Cas12a) was developed for the rapid and visual detection of C. jejuni. Using the ICB-LAMP-CRISPR/Cas12a method, C. jejuni was first captured by ICB, and the bacterial genomic DNA was then released by heating and used in the LAMP reaction. After the LAMP reaction, LAMP products were mixed and detected by the CRISPR/Cas12a cleavage mixture. This ICB-LAMP-CRISPR/Cas12a method could detect a minimum of 8 CFU/mL of C. jejuni within 70 min. Additionally, the method was performed in a closed tube in addition to ICB capture, which eliminates the need to separate preamplification and transfer of amplified products to avoid aerosol pollution. The ICB-LAMP-CRISPR/Cas12a method was further validated by testing 31 C. jejuni-positive fecal samples from different layer farms. This method is an all-in-one, simple, rapid, ultrasensitive, ultraspecific, visual detection method for instrument-free diagnosis of C. jejuni, and has wide application potential in future work.
The meta-narrative of self-fulfilling prophecy in the different research areas

The self-fulfilling prophecy is a ubiquitous concept with a large amount of research to date, characterised by disciplinary diversity and thus a potential plurality in its narrative. A meta-narrative review was implemented to analyse the narratives of self-fulfilling prophecy in the different research areas. It identified 10 research areas, 22 themes and 7 subthemes where the phenomenon was adopted to describe and explain phenomena/events/outcomes. It revealed the self-fulfilling prophecy’s meta-narrative in the separate areas and in overall, compared to the original notion, and with regard to the critics. And it set up methodological and research area-related boundaries to implementation. Finally, the paper provided suggestions to future researches on internal validity and on the configuration of trending topics as the self-fulfilling prophecy.
Load frequency stabilization of stand‐alone hybrid distributed generation system using QOHS algorithm

The proposed work studies the frequency stability of the identified hybrid power network (HPS) model with the integration of RESs and ESDs. The research work depicted here includes load frequency issue pertaining to isolated mode of operations with uncertainties in power oscillations of wind and solar energy. The studied HPS model is constitute of three wind turbine generators, two solar thermal generators, three diesel engine generators, an aqua electrolyzer and two fuel‐cells as generating units while battery energy storage system, flywheel energy storage system and ultra‐capacitor as back‐up energy sources. A centralized control scheme using PID controller is employed for the controller design problem and its parameters are tuned by a nature inspired Quasi‐oppositional Harmony Search (QOHS) algorithm. The three scenarios as step change, step change with stochastic effects and firm model of wind velocity, solar radiation and load demand are studied for the load frequency control dynamic performance. The execution of suggested QOHS based PID controller is contrasted with the studied optimization techniques. It may be inferred that the RESs and ESDs feeding isolated loads are properly operated to attain the coveted level of system frequency by using the QOHS technique.
British Technology and European Industrialization: The Norwegian Textile Industry in the Mid-Nineteenth Century

List of tables List of figures Preface Map showing location of firms 1. Technology and European growth 2. The historiography of European industrialization 3. Britain and Norway, 1800-1845: two transitions 4. Acquisition of technologies by the Norwegian textile firms 5. Flows of technological information 6. British textile engineering and the Norwegian textile industry 7. British agents of Norwegian enterprises 8. British workers and the transfer of technology to Norway 9. Interrelations among Norwegian firms 10. The European dimension Appendices Bibliography Index.
Convertible Codes: Enabling Efficient Conversion of Coded Data in Distributed Storage

Erasure codes are essential for providing efficient resilience against node failures in distributed storage. Typically, an <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$[n, k]$ </tex-math></inline-formula> erasure code encodes <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k$ </tex-math></inline-formula> symbols into <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$ </tex-math></inline-formula> symbols which are then stored in different nodes. Recent work by Kadekodi et al. shows that the failure rates of storage nodes vary significantly over time, and that changing the rate of the code (via a change in <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) in response to such variations provides substantial storage space savings. However, the resource overhead of re-encoding the already encoded data is prohibitively high. We present a new theoretical framework formalizing <italic>code conversion</italic>—the process of converting data encoded with an <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$[n^{ I}, k^{ I}]$ </tex-math></inline-formula> code into data encoded with an <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$[{n^{ F}}, {k^{ F}}]$ </tex-math></inline-formula> code while maintaining desired decodability properties. We then introduce <italic>convertible codes</italic>, a new class of codes that allow for code conversions in a resource-efficient manner. This paper begins the study on convertible codes by focusing on linear MDS codes and the access cost of conversion. We derive a lower bound on the access cost of conversion and present an explicit optimal construction matching this bound for an important subclass of conversions. Additionally, we propose constructions with low field-size requirement for a broad subset of parameters. Our results show that it is possible to achieve code conversions with significantly less resources than the default approach of re-encoding for a wide range of parameters.