Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
European Guidelines on Perinatal Care - Oxytocin for induction and augmentation of labor

SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDATIONS 1. Oxytocin for induction or augmentation of labor should not be started when there is a previous scar on the body of the uterus (such as previous classical cesarean section, uterine perforation or myomectomy when uterine cavity is reached) or in any other condition where labor or vaginal delivery are contraindicated. (Moderate quality evidence +++-; Strong recommendation). 2. Oxytocin should not be started before at least 1 h has elapsed since amniotomy, 6 h since the use of dinoprostone (30 min if vaginal insert) and 4 h since the use of misoprostol (Low quality evidence ++- -; Moderate recommendation). 3. Cardiotocography (CTG) should be performed and a normal pattern without tachysystole should be documented for at least 30 min before oxytocin is used. Continuous CTG, with adequate monitoring of both fetal heart rate and uterine contractions, should be maintained for as long as oxytocin is used, and thereafter until delivery (Low ++- - to moderate +++- quality evidence; Strong recommendation). 4. For labor induction, at least 1-h should be allowed after amniotomy before oxytocin infusion is started, to evaluate whether adequate uterine contractility has meanwhile ensued. For augmentation of labor, if the membranes are intact and there are conditions for a safe amniotomy, the latter should be considered before oxytocin is started (Very low quality evidence +- --; Weak recommendation). 5. Oxytocin should be administered intravenously using the following regimen: 5 IU oxytocin diluted in 500 mL of 0.9% normal saline (NaCl) (each mL contains 10 mIU of oxytocin), in an infusion pump at increasing rates, as shown in Table 1, until a frequency of 3-4 contractions per 10 min is reached, a non-reassuring CTG pattern ensues, or maximum rates are reached (Low quality evidence ++ - -; Strong recommendation). If the frequency of contractions exceeds 5 in 10 min, the infusion rate should be reduced, even if a normal CTG pattern is present. With a non-reassuring CTG pattern, urgent clinical assessment by an obstetrician is indicated, and strong consideration should be given to reducing or stopping the oxytocin infusion. The minimal effective dose of oxytocin should always be used. (Low ++- - to Moderate +++- - quality evidence; Strong recommendation). Table 1. Recommended oxytocin incremental regimen. No uterine scar Previous uterine scar Time mIU/min mL/h mIU/min mL/h Start 2 12 1 6 0.5 h 4 24 2 12 1 h 6 36 3 18 1.5 h 8 48 4 24 2 h 10 60 5 30 2.5 h 12 72 6 36 3 h 14 84 7 42 3.5 h 16 96 8 48 Medical review 4 h 18 108 9 54 4.5 h 20 120 10 60 5 h 22 132 Maximum dose 5.5 h 24 144 6 h 26 156 6.5 h 28 168 7 h 30 180 Maximum Dose 6. Use of oxytocin for induction and augmentation of labor should be regularly audited (Low quality evidence ++--; Strong recommendation).
AUTOMATIC DETECTION AND VECTORIZATION OF LINEAR AND POINT OBJECTS IN 3D POINT CLOUD AND PANORAMIC IMAGES FROM MOBILE MAPPING SYSTEM

Abstract. Surveys of roadways with Mobile Laser Scanning (MLS) are nowadays the faster and more secured way to collect topographic data compared with conventional techniques. To deliver topographic plans, the voluminous data collected by the MLS device need to be processed. If the acquisition step is quite fast, the second part of interpretation and vectorization of the LiDAR data and the panoramic images is laborious and time consuming. This paper proposes two approaches that have been developed in order to reduce the time required to process roadway MLS data. The first one is about automatic detection of pole like objects, and the second one is about the detection of linear objects. The presented workflow try to automatically extract a 3D position for each object from MLS Data.
Determination of Urine Protein Levels and Analysis of Differences in Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Levels between Early Onset and Late Onset Preeclampsia

BACKGROUND: Preeclampsia is a disease with the high mortality rate. Data indicate that 23.5% of maternal deaths due to preeclampsia. Urine protein testing is essential for pregnant women to discover the function of kidney during pregnancy and to identify the presence of preeclampsia, both mild and severe, which it can lead to eclampsia. Preeclampsia based on onset can also be detected by examining serum biomarkers of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). AIM: The aim of this study was to overview the urine protein levels and analyzed the differences serum VEGF levels between the early and late onset of preeclampsia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study used design of the cross-sectional comparative study in RSUP DR. M Djamil Padang, Pariaman Hospital, Aisiyah Pariaman Hospital, and Padang Pariaman Regional Hospital for 2 years. The population in this study consisted of patients with early and late onset preeclampsia who went to the study site during that time and met the inclusion criteria. Sampling with consecutive sampling consisted of 28 people per group. RESULTS: The results revealed that the number of patients who had urine protein levels with a value of 2+ at the early onset was 14 and at the late onset was 12, meanwhile for patients with a urine protein content value of 3+ at the early onset it was 14 and at the late onset was 10. For the category urine protein with a value of 4+ amounted to six people only in the late onset group. The results of the normality test showed that the mean value of VEGF levels at early onset and late onset was 3.91 pg/ml and 4.3 pg/ml, respectively. Thus, the level of VEGF serum had an abnormal distribution and it led to the t-test data could not be tested. So then, the testing was done using a non-parametric test, namely, the Mann–Whitney test. The mean levels of VEGF, respectively, based on the Mann– Whitney test for early onset preeclampsia and late onset preeclampsia were 29.75 ng/mL and 30.25 ng/mL. VEGF in early onset preeclampsia is lower than late onset preeclampsia. CONCLUSION: Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that there was no significant difference in the level of VEGF in early onset preeclampsia and late onset preeclampsia (p = 0.42). Edited by: Ksenija Bogoeva-Kostovska Citation: Irwanto EL, Darwin E, Donel S, Tjong DH. Determination of Urine Protein Levels and Analysis of Differences in Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Levels between Early Onset and Late Onset Preeclampsia. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2021 Jun 22; 9(B):552-556. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021. 6222
University of Groningen Physical exercise improves quality of life, depressive symptoms, and cognition across chronic brain disorders Dauwan,

We performed a meta-analysis to synthesize evidence on the efficacy and safety of physical exercise as an add-on therapeutic intervention for quality of life (QoL), depressive symptoms and cognition across six chronic brain disorders: Alzheimer’s disease, Huntington’s disease, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, schizophrenia and unipolar depression. 122 studies ( = k) (n = 7231) were included. Exercise was superior to treatment as usual in improving QoL (k = 64, n = 4334, ES = 0.40, p < 0.0001), depressive symptoms (k = 60, n = 2909, ES = 0.78, p < 0.0001), the cognitive domains attention and working memory (k = 21, n = 1313, ES = 0.24, p < 0.009), executive functioning (k = 14, n = 977, ES = 0.15, p = 0.013), memory (k = 12, n = 994, ES = 0.12, p = 0.038) and psychomotor speed (k = 16, n = 896, ES = 0.23, p = 0.003). Meta-regression showed a dose–response effect for exercise time (min/week) on depressive symptoms (β = 0.007, p = 0.012). 69% of the studies that reported on safety, found no complications. Exercise is an efficacious and safe add-on therapeutic intervention showing a medium-sized effect on QoL and a large effect on mood in patients with chronic brain disorders, with a positive dose–response correlation. Exercise also improved several cognitive domains with small but significant effects.
Evaluation of In-vitro Antimicrobial and Wound Healing Activity of Polyherbal Formulation In Albino Wistar Rats

In Ayurveda ,individual herbs are not sufficient to get the therapeutic effect in a desired way. Toxicity is reduced and therapeutic effect is produced in a better way when the composition with multiple herbs is formulated in a particular ratio . For developing such an intervention , ethanolic extract of Momordica charantia, Nyctanthes arbortistis ,Azadirachta . indica were used to prepare the poly herbal extract. The zone of inhibition of each bacterial strains (against Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomon asaeruginosa were measured in triplicate .Three Mixtures of extracts with three herbs in different ratio were used for evaluation of antimicrobial effect. Polyherbal mixture 1 Bacillus subtilis (14.8±1.17) Pseudomonas areuginosa(12±1.58) Polyherbal mixture 2 Bacillus subtilis (18±1.19) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (14.2±1.16). Poly herbal mixture3 Bacillus subtilis (25.8±1.11)Pseudomonas areuginosa (22±1.09). Three polyherbal ointments Poly herbal ointmen1, Polyherbal ointment 2,Polyherbal ointment3 were prepared by fusion method . Wound closure of PHO3 have increased (2.83±1.16) when compared to PHO 1(13.68±1.50) and PHO2(5.88±2.40),the PHO promoted the wound healing process through accelerated remodelling process of damaged tissue. Polyherbal ointment where the ethanolic extract was prepared by maceration method and the wound healing is evaluated by excision where it was assessed by rate of wound contraction . Free formulation developed from the combination of ethanolic extracts of azardicta indica ,momodic acharantia , nyctanthesarbortestis showed anti microbial and wound healing effects on various stages on healing cascades. In neem, mainly nimbolide shows anti bacterial activity where in bitter gourd essential obtained from the seed of bitter gourd was tested for anti bacterial activity . In case of wound healing mainly D-mannitol and flavanoid involved. Neem contains active ingredients like nimbi din, nimbin, nimbidole, with anti bacterial, antiinflammatory that mainly helps in acceleration the wound healing process. Here in Bitter guard , the plant contain cucurbitane, triterpinoids, folic acids glycolipids helpful for wound healing activities. In case of Night flowering Jasmine D-manitol flavanol glycosides, tannic acid , ascorbic acid chemical constituents play role in anti bacterial and antiinflammatory activity.
Intrinsic Thalamic Network in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy With Hippocampal Sclerosis According to Surgical Outcomes

Background: The aim of this study was to identify the differences of intrinsic amygdala, hippocampal, or thalamic networks according to surgical outcomes in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients with hippocampal sclerosis (HS). Methods: We enrolled 69 pathologically confirmed TLE patients with HS. All patients had pre-operative three-dimensional T1-weighted MRI using a 3.0 T scanner. We obtained the structural volumes of the amygdala nuclei, hippocampal subfields, and thalamic nuclei. Then, we investigated the intrinsic networks based on volumes of these structures using structural covariance and graph theoretical analysis. Results: Of the 69 TLE patients with HS, 21 patients (42.1%) had poor surgical outcomes, whereas 40 patients (57.9%) had good surgical outcomes. The volumes in the amygdala nuclei, hippocampal subfields, and thalamic nuclei were not different according to surgical outcome. In addition, the intrinsic amygdala and hippocampal networks were not different between the patients with poor and good surgical outcomes. However, there was a significant difference in the intrinsic thalamic network in the ipsilateral hemisphere between them. The eccentricity and small-worldness index were significantly increased, whereas the characteristic path length was decreased in the patients with poor surgical outcomes compared to those with good surgical outcomes. Conclusion: We successfully demonstrated significant differences in the intrinsic thalamic network in the ipsilateral hemisphere between TLE patients with HS with poor and good surgical outcomes. This result suggests that the pre-operative intrinsic thalamic network can be related with surgical outcomes in TLE patients with HS.
STRUCTURAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL DETERMINANTS OF OSA

The increasing prevalence of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) led to the need to understand upper airway (UA) anatomy and its contribution to the disease process. This review article summarises the current understanding of OSA development in adults. It focuses on UA anatomy and pathophysiology in anatomical subsites including the nasal cavity, soft tissue, and bony frameworks. This article also describes research trends in the context of anatomy. The research investigated pathophysiological phenotypes and their correlation with anatomy, phenotype labelling using drug-induced sleep endoscopy and their clinical characteristics, and recent updates regarding non-invasive tools for diagnosing sites of obstruction in individuals with OSA. Sleep Med Res 2021;12(1):1-8
Evolving Factors in Hospital Safety: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Hospital Adverse Events

Supplemental digital content is available in the text. Objective This study aimed to estimate the frequency of hospital adverse events (AEs) and explore the rate of AEs over time, and across and within hospital populations. Methods Validated search terms were run in MEDLINE and EMBASE; gray literature and references of included studies were also searched. Studies of any design or language providing an estimate of AEs within the hospital were eligible. Studies were excluded if they only provided an estimate for a specific AE, a subgroup of hospital patients or children. Data were abstracted in duplicate using a standardized data abstraction form. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. A random-effects meta-analysis estimated the occurrence of hospital AEs, and meta-regression explored the association between hospital AEs, and patient and hospital characteristics. Results A total of 45,426 unique references were identified; 1,265 full-texts were reviewed and 94 studies representing 590 million admissions from 25 countries from 1961 to 2014 were included. The incidence of hospital AEs was 8.6 per 100 patient admissions (95% confidence interval [CI], 8.3 to 8.9; I2 = 100%, P < 0.001). Half of the AEs were preventable (52.6%), and a third resulted in moderate/significant harm (39.7%). The most evaluated AEs were surgical AEs, drug-related AEs, and nosocomial infections. The occurrence of AEs increased by year (95% CI, −0.05 to −0.04; P < 0.001) and patient age (95% CI = −0.15 to −0.14; P < 0.001), and varied by country income level and study characteristics. Patient sex, hospital type, hospital service, and geographical location were not associated with AEs. Conclusions Hospital AEs are common, and reported rates are increasing in the literature. Given the increase in AEs over time, hospitals should reinvest in improving hospital safety with a focus on interventions targeted toward the more than half of AEs that are preventable.
Root hair specification and its growth in response to nutrients

Plant root hairs are cylindrical tubular projections from root epidermal cells. They increase the root surface area, which is important for the acquisition of water and nutrients, microbe interactions, and plant anchorage. The root hair specification, the effect of root hairs on nutrient acquisition and the mechanisms of nutrients (calcium, iron, magnesium, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) that affect root hair development and growth were reviewed. The gene regulatory network on root hair specification in the plant kingdom was highlighted. More work is needed to clone the genes of additional root hair mutants and elucidate their roles, as well as undertaking reverse genetics and mutant complementation studies to add to the current knowledge of the signaling networks, which are involved in root hair development and growth regulated by nutrients.
A Tale of Usurpation and Subversion: SUMO-Dependent Integrity of Promyelocytic Leukemia Nuclear Bodies at the Crossroad of Infection and Immunity

Promyelocytic leukemia nuclear bodies (PML NBs) are multi-protein assemblies representing distinct sub-nuclear structures. As phase-separated molecular condensates, PML NBs exhibit liquid droplet-like consistency. A key organizer of the assembly and dynamics of PML NBs is the ubiquitin-like SUMO modification system. SUMO is covalently attached to PML and other core components of PML NBs thereby exhibiting a glue-like function by providing multivalent interactions with proteins containing SUMO interacting motifs (SIMs). PML NBs serve as the catalytic center for nuclear SUMOylation and SUMO-SIM interactions are essential for protein assembly within these structures. Importantly, however, formation of SUMO chains on PML and other PML NB-associated proteins triggers ubiquitylation and proteasomal degradation which coincide with disruption of these nuclear condensates. To date, a plethora of nuclear activities such as transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression, apoptosis, senescence, cell cycle control, DNA damage response, and DNA replication have been associated with PML NBs. Not surprisingly, therefore, SUMO-dependent PML NB integrity has been implicated in regulating many physiological processes including tumor suppression, metabolism, drug-resistance, development, cellular stemness, and anti-pathogen immune response. The interplay between PML NBs and viral infection is multifaceted. As a part of the cellular antiviral defense strategy, PML NB components are crucial restriction factors for many viruses and a mutual positive correlation has been found to exist between PML NBs and the interferon response. Viruses, in turn, have developed counterstrategies for disarming PML NB associated immune defense measures. On the other end of the spectrum, certain viruses are known to usurp specific PML NB components for successful replication and disruption of these sub-nuclear foci has recently been linked to the stimulation rather than curtailment of antiviral gene repertoire. Importantly, the ability of invading virions to manipulate the host SUMO modification machinery is essential for this interplay between PML NB integrity and viruses. Moreover, compelling evidence is emerging in favor of bacterial pathogens to negotiate with the SUMO system thereby modulating PML NB-directed intrinsic and innate immunity. In the current context, we will present an updated account of the dynamic intricacies between cellular PML NBs as the nuclear SUMO modification hotspots and immune regulatory mechanisms in response to viral and bacterial pathogens.
New Technologies With Increased Precision Improve Understanding of Endothelial Cell Heterogeneity in Cardiovascular Health and Disease

Endothelial cells (ECs) are vital for blood vessel integrity and have roles in maintaining normal vascular function, healing after injury, and vascular dysfunction. Extensive phenotypic heterogeneity has been observed among ECs of different types of blood vessels in the normal and diseased vascular wall. Although ECs with different phenotypes can share common functions, each has unique features that may dictate a fine-tuned role in vascular health and disease. Recent studies performed with single-cell technology have generated powerful information that has significantly improved our understanding of EC biology. Here, we summarize a variety of EC types, states, and phenotypes recently identified by using new, increasingly precise techniques in transcriptome analysis.
Energy-aware routing based on link utilization in domain network

Aimed at the characteristic of the Software Defined Network (SDN), several green routing algorithms are proposed. However, there are many drawbacks consisted in the existing algorithms. Therefore, we propose a self-adaptive energy saving routing algorithm (LAR) which is based on residual bandwidth of links and SDN. The proposed algorithm makes the link utilization which is changing in real time as the link cost. It would obtain the topology information and link status to optimize and prune the topology for reducing the computing time of routing algorithm before selecting routing path. After a period of time, the incoming flows will automatically be gathered in heavily-loaded links. The links without traffic will be switched off while the whole network connectivity and QoS are guaranteed. Simulation results show that it is possible to reduce considerable energy consumption during off-peak hours and link energy saving can be up to 55%. And, the algorithm has the distinct advantage in terms of complexity and network performance comparing with related schemes.
Clinical Complications of Iron Overload in Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndromes: a literature review

Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) are a group of heterogeneous hematologic disorders characterized by compromised bone marrow function, ineffective hematopoiesis, cytopenias and increased risk of progression to Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). It is a disease that predominantly affects the elderly, although it can occur at any age [1,2]. MDS can be primary, that is, when it appears without a defined etiology, affecting mainly individuals over 60 years of age, or secondary with the appearance after exposure to chemotherapy agents, radiotherapy agents or autologous transplants [3]. According to the 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) Classification for hematopoietic and lymphoid tissue tumors, the categorization of MDS is based on the assessment of peripheral blood and bone marrow morphology, in addition to cytogenetic and molecular analysis. Its categories include MDS with single-lineage dysplasia, MDS with ringed sideroblasts, MDS with multilineage dysplasia, SMD with excess blasts, MDS with isolated del (5q), and unclassifiable SMD [4]. The International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS), its revision (IPSSMyelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) are a group of heterogeneous hematologic disorders characterized by bone marrow involvement. Iron overload is the result of multiple transfusions and high levels of apoptosis. Based on a literature review, ferritin was identified as an important marker of iron accumulation in organs such as liver, heart and pancreas in patients with MDS. Some studies also demonstrated that iron overload caused cell cycle arrest causing apoptosis and progression to leukemia, high levels of reactive oxygen species and low levels of HIF-1a, causing apoptosis, being related to the presence of cytopenia in MDS.
Immunoboosting Potential of Spices with Special Reference to North East India against the Novel Coronavirus Pandemic- A Review

Spices, which is key ingredient in every household products not only used for adding aroma to food but however, has health promoting and protective activity against foreign pathogens. Different spices used in day to day life boosts the immune system that leads to healthy and prosperous life. The commonly used spices not only have antimicrobial or antiviral activity, but also serve as a rich source of various vitamins, minerals, antioxidants etc. The medicinal importance of spices dates from ancient Ayurveda and many studies indicating the potential of spices as immunoboosting agent had been carried out in the recent years. Therefore, this review highlights the medicinal importance of commonly used spices in North-East India as immunobooster against the current coronavirus pandemic.