Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Incidence Rates of Root Rot in Sweetpotato Caused by Cultivation Soil and Soil Microorganisms During Storage Periods

Sweetpotatoes require a storage period for year-round use and improved sweetness by starch degradation. However, long-term storage can cause root rot, and a large amount of sweetpotatoes can be discarded. Root rot is typically caused by pathogenic soil-borne Fusarium spp. , and the development of root rot induced by the characteristics of cultivating soil in stored sweetpotato has not yet been identified. In this study, the effect of Fusarium spp. and microbial community in the cultivated soil on the root rot of sweetpotatoes was to be elucidated. Wounded sweetpotato were treated in soil cultures inoculated with F. solani or F. oxysporum for 2 days, and showed symptoms of root rot after 2 months of storage. The three study fields (Naju, Yeongam A, and B) were subjected to the same curing and storage treatments after harvest, and the incidence of root rot was 1.7- to 1.8-fold different after 3 months of storage. Across the three fields, concentrations of Fusarium spp. and of microbial communities differed according to the cultivation soil and period. In particular, Naju, which had the lowest incidence of root rot, had the lowest concentration of Fusarium spp. before harvest, and the smallest change in diversity of the microbial community during the cultivation period. However, tuberous roots harvested from the fields showed no significant differences in antioxidant activity or lesion size with the treatment of 106 conidia/ml F. solani. By solidifying the importance of cultivating soil and related microorganisms in the advancement of root rot of sweetpotato, our results may aid in preventing the decrease in the yield of cultivated sweetpotatoes through root rot control.
The Relationship Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review

Background Alzheimer's disease is a global health concern, and with no present cure, prevention is critical. Exposure to adverse childhood experiences may increase the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. This systematic review was conducted to synthesize the evidence on the associations between adverse childhood experiences (<18 years) and the risk of Alzheimer's disease in adulthood. Methods A search strategy was developed and conducted to identify articles investigating the associations between exposure to adverse childhood experiences and the onset of Alzheimer's disease by searching key databases (CINAHL, MEDLINE and PsycInfo). Two reviewers independently determined the eligibility of studies according to pre-determined criteria, and assessed the methodological quality using the US National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute 14-item checklist for observational cohort and cross-sectional studies, respectively. Due to limited studies, a descriptive synthesis was performed. The protocol for this review is published in BMJ Open and registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020191439). Results Our search yielded 781 articles, of which three (two separate analyses from the same cohort study and one cross-sectional study) met the predetermined eligibility criteria. The methodological quality assessment yielded an overall mean score of 78.9% (range 66.6 – 84.6%). All studies found adverse childhood experiences were associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease. However, there was a limited number of available studies to inform the synthesis. Conclusions Adverse childhood experiences appear to be associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease, although, further research is needed. Registration and Protocol The protocol for this review is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020191439) and published with BMJ Open (Corney et al., 2021).
Central Diabetes Insipidus Following Immunization With BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine: A Case Report

Introduction Cases of central diabetes insipidus (CDI) have been reported after COVID-19 infection, with hypophysitis being the most likely cause. COVID-19 vaccines potential adverse effects may mimetize some of these complications. Case Report Woman 37 years old, with rheumatoid arthritis under adalimumab (40 mg twice a month) since December 2018. She was in her usual state of health when she has received the second dose of BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine (June 2021). Seven days later, she started reporting intense thirst and polyuria and consulted her family physician. Blood Analysis creatinine 0.7 mg/dL, glucose 95mg/dL, Na+ 141mEq/L, K+ 3.9 mEq/L, TSH 3.8 mcUI/L (0.38-5.33), FT4 0.9 ng/dL (0.6-1.1), cortisol 215.4 nmol/L (185-624), ACTH 21.9 pg/mL (6- 48), FSH 4.76 UI/L, LH5.62 UI/L, estradiol 323 pmol/L, IGF1 74.8 ng/mL (88-209), PRL 24.7mcg/L (3.3-26.7) osmolality 298.2 mOs/Kg (250- 325); Urine analysis: volume 10200 mL/24h, osmolality 75 mOs/Kg (300-900), density 1.002. On water restriction test: 0’ – Serum osmolality 308.8mOsm/Kg vs. urine osmolality 61.0 mOsm/Kg; 60’ - urine osmolality 102 mOsm/Kg; urine osmolality 1 h after desmopressine was 511mOsm/kg. MRI revealed no abnormal signs consistent with hypophysitis except for the loss of the posterior pituitary bright spot on T1 weighted imaging. Diagnosis of CDI was assumed, and started therapy with desmopressine. A report of potential adverse effect was addressed to national health authorities. Conclusion In hypophysitis MRI often shows loss of posterior pituitary bright spot on T1 weighted imaging, pituitary enlargement or stalk thickening but those findings were not present in this patient. To the best of our knowledge, CDI has never been reported following administration of a COVID-19 vaccine.
The Role of Qi-Stagnation Constitution and Emotion Regulation in the Association Between Childhood Maltreatment and Depression in Chinese College Students

Background Childhood maltreatment is known as a significant risk factor for later depression. However, there remains a lack of understanding about the mechanisms through which childhood maltreatment confers risk for depression. This study explores how Qi-stagnation constitution (QSC) and emotion regulation affect the link between childhood maltreatment and depressive symptoms in Chinese college students. Methods We recruited 2,108 college students aged 18–25 years between November 2020 and December 2021. Participants were required to complete four self-report questionnaires, including the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF), Qi-Stagnation Constitution (QSC) subscale of the simplified Chinese Medicine Constitution Questionnaire, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), and the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). Moderated mediation analyses were conducted. Results There was a positive correlation between childhood maltreatment and QSC, while the QSC partially mediated the effect of childhood maltreatment on depressive scores in college students. In addition, emotion dysregulation moderated the association between QSC and depressive scores. Conclusion These results enhance understanding of key factors influencing the link between childhood maltreatment and depressive symptoms among college students by combining the theory of TCM constitution with psychological processes. The development of strategies to prevent biased Qi-stagnation constitution and emotion dysregulation may help to improve college students’ mental health and strengthen the resilience of individuals to depression.
A Theoretical Review on the Impact of EFL/ESL Students’ Self-Sabotaging Behaviors on Their Self-Esteem and Academic Engagement

Learner emotions have been considerably emphasized in SLA research and practice with the advent of positive psychology. This has led to a surge of scholarly interest in this strand of research over the past years all around the world. However, the impact of students’ negative emotions such as self-sabotage that actually occur in english as a foreign language (EFL) classrooms on the construction and development of positive learner emotions like self-esteem and academic engagement has been mostly overlooked by second/foreign language researchers. Against this shortcoming, the present review article presented the theoretical and empirical underpinnings of these three crucial variables in SLA focusing on their conceptualizations, dimensions, typologies, related studies, and research gaps. Finally, the study offers a number of practical implications to [EFL/english as a second language (ESL)] teachers, students, teacher trainers, and SLA researchers in order to increase their awareness of learner emotions and the power of such feelings in language teaching and learning processes.
Seasonal Responses of Hydraulic Function and Carbon Dynamics in Spruce Seedlings to Continuous Drought

Drought is expected to increase in the frequency and duration associated with climate change. Although hydraulic function and carbon (C) storage have been widely recognized as key components to plant survival under a single drought, the physiological responses to continuous drought remain largely unknown, particularly for high northern temperate and boreal forests which are sensitive to water stress. In this study, we quantified the survival, growth, gas exchange, water relations, and nonstructural carbohydrates (NSCs) in 3-year-old Jezo spruce (Picea jezoensis) seedlings responding to continuous drought stress. Seedlings were maintained in drought conditions for 392 days, covering two growing and one dormant winter season. Seedlings subjected to drought showed a significant decrease in net photosynthesis rate (Anet) and stomatal conductance (gs) in both growing seasons, and biomass in the second growing season. The seedling mortality continuously increased to 35.6% at the experimental end. Notably, responses of C storage and leaf water potential to drought varied greatly depending on seasons. Living seedlings exposed to drought and control treatments had similar NSC concentrations in both growing seasons. However, seedlings with concentrations of both the soluble sugars and starch less than 1% in root died in the winter dormant season. In the second growing season, compared with the control treatment, droughted seedlings had significantly lower leaf water potential and stem wood-specific hydraulic conductivity (Kw). Meanwhile, the leaf predawn water potential did not recover overnight. These suggest that C starvation might be an important reason for seedlings that died in the winter dormant season, while in the growing season drought may limit seedling survival and growth through inducing hydraulic failure. Such seasonal dependence in hydraulic dysfunction and C depletion may lead to higher mortality in spruce forests facing extended drought duration expected in the future.
Optimizing Processing Technology of Cornus officinalis: Based on Anti-Fibrotic Activity

Cornus officinalis, a kind of edible herbal medicine, has been widely used in the protection of liver and kidney due to its medicinal and nutritional effect. Its anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and anti-oxidant activities can be enhanced by wine-steamed (WS) processing. Based on the activations of hepatic stellate cells-T6 (HSC-T6) and HK-2, our study used single-factor plus orthogonal design to investigate the anti-fibrosis of C. officinalis processed with steamed (S), high-pressure steamed (HPS), WS, high-pressure wine-steamed (HPWS), wine-dipped (WD), and wine-fried (WF). The chemical constituents in processed C. officinalis with higher anti-fibrotic activities were detected by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with hybrid triple quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS). Results showed that C. officinalis with HPWS significantly inhibited the activations of HSC-T6 and HK-2. Moreover, compounds in C. officinalis with HPWS were obtained via UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS, indicating that 27 components were changed compared with raw C. officinalis. These results demonstrated that HPWS is the optimal processing technology for anti-fibrosis of C. officinalis. Graphical Abstract The processing technology of C. officinalis was optimized in terms of its anti-fibrotic activity. Differences in its chemical composition after the preparation were detected by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. These results provide material basis for further exploring the role of C. officinalis in liver and kidney protection.
Bullshit receptivity, problem solving, and metacognition: simply the BS, not better than all the rest

Abstract People are often inaccurate in their predictions of performance on a variety of cognitive tasks. We tested whether receptivity to bullshit – the tendency to perceive meaningless statements as profound – would relate to the accuracy of metacognitive judgments on several problem-solving tasks. Individuals who were highly receptive to bullshit were less accurate in their predictions of performance on creative problem-solving tasks, but not on verbal analogy or recall tasks. Further, individuals with high BS receptivity were less able to discriminate between solvable and unsolvable problems when making metacognitive judgments. These findings support the possibility that the tendency to perceive semantic connections where none exist, as indicated by high bullshit receptivity, may lead to inaccurate predictions of performance on tasks that require noticing and utilizing distant semantic connections.
How body condition score affects milk production and the metabolic parameters in postpartum crossbred dairy cows raised in Amazon biome?

Body condition score (BCS) is a categorical variable that is widely accepted as an important tool for subjectively quantifying energy reserves in dairy cows. The aims of this study was to compare milk production and some metabolic parameters of crossbred dairy cows with low, adequate and high BCS in the recent postpartum period (PPP). This study included lactation data from 35 crossbred Girolando (Holstein × Gir) cows from calving to 90 days in milk. Cows were evaluated every 15 days for BCS, milk production, live weight, internal angle of the rump (IAR) and serum concentration of β-hydroxybutyrate (ßHB). BCS loss and nadir of the BCS in PPP were also evaluated. Cows were divided into 3 groups, as follows: High, Adequate and Low BCS, according to the BCS recommendation for cows with less than 100 days in lactation. Cows with Adequate BCS had higher milk production than cows with High BCS (P = 0.01). Cows with High BCS had the highest (P < 0.001) live weight, BCS and IAR among the groups. In addition, these cows had a higher serum ßHB concentration than cows with Adequate BCS (P = 0.001) and had the greatest loss of BCS (P < 0.001) in the PPP. The results of this study showed that Girolando dairy cows with Adequate BCS at calving had higher milk production and better metabolic condition than cows with High BCS at calving.
Robust H∞ output feedback control of uncertain fractional-order systems subject to input saturation

This article considers the problems of robust stability and stabilization for a class of fractional-order linear time-invariant systems via 0<α<1 subject to input saturation with convex polytopic uncertainties, by a kind of H ∞ –proportional–integral–derivative control synthesis. A new saturation-based stability condition is suggested to estimate the stable region ( B ϵ ) and region of attraction (ε) using the ellipsoid approach. The main concept of the presented strategy is based on transforming the proportional–integral–derivative controller design problem into the static output feedback control problem. Gronwall–Bellman lemma and sector bounded condition of the saturation function is used for stability investigation and stabilization of such systems. The static output feedback control laws are obtained with the aid of a non-iterative linear matrix inequality implication. From the static output feedback controller, the proportional–integral–derivative controller is then restored. Stability problem is addressed as an optimization problem to obtain the controller gains and the stable region, as well as the largest region of attraction. Some theorems and numerical examples are provided to illustrate the results of proposed mechanism.
Metasurface-based Filters for High Data Rate THz Wireless Communications: Experimental Validation of a 14 Gbps OOK and 104 Gbps QAM-16 Wireless Link in the 300 GHz band

We demonstrate the effectiveness of frequency selective surface filters in wireless communications at low terahertz (THz) frequencies. Full-wave simulations of pass-band filters designed at 270 GHz and 330 GHz are compared with measurements over 220–360 GHz, showing remarkable agreement. The filter spectral response is used to analytically model a THz filter-based wireless channel for modulated signals. In particular, numerical results and measurements for an OOK modulated signal are in good agreement for both free-space and filtered transmission at 14 Gb/s. In both cases, bit error rates (BER) as low as 10-10 are measured. This result demonstrates that the filters marginally affect the BER with respect to free-space, interference-free transmission, whereas interfering signals are strongly rejected. This result is demonstrated through a systematic evaluation of the BER in presence of an interfering signal with different carriers and amplitudes. Results confirm a strong filter rejection to interference carriers close to the filter central frequency. Conversely, without the filters the BER performance is fully compromised. Finally, we demonstrate numerically and experimentally that the constellation diagram for 104 Gb/s QAM-16 communication is not significantly affected by the filter. The investigated filters may provide a robust approach towards efficient spectrum management for future 6G wireless applications.
Automated Text Messaging With Patients in Department of Automated Text Messaging With Patients in Department of Veterans Affairs Specialty Clinics: Cluster Randomized Trial Veterans Affairs Specialty Clinics: Cluster Randomized Trial Let us know how access to this document benefits you.

Background: Acceptability of mobile phone text messaging as a means of asynchronous communication between health care systems and patients is growing. The US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) has adopted an automated texting system (aTS) for national rollout. The aTS allows providers to develop clinical texting protocols to promote patient self-management and allows clinical teams to monitor patient progress between in-person visits. Texting-supported hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment has not been previously tested. Objective: Guided by the Practical, Robust Implementation and Sustainability Model (PRISM), we developed an aTS HCV protocol and conducted a mixed methods, hybrid type 2 effectiveness implementation study comparing two programs supporting implementation of the aTS HCV protocol for medication adherence in patients with HCV. Methods: Seven VA HCV specialty clinics were randomized to usual aTS implementation versus an augmented implementation facilitation program. Implementation process measures included facilitation organizational, and technical scale-up challenges that we documented, successful and sustained implementation of the aTS may require implementation strategies that operate at the clinic, provider, and patient levels.
PresentationSubstrates for Class I Processing and Misfolded Full-Length Proteins Are Efficient Endoplasmic Reticulum Demonstrates That Regulated Folding of Tyrosinase in the

2 Short-lived protein translation products have been proposed to be the principal substrates that enter the class I MHC processing and presentation pathway. However, the biochemical nature of these substrates is poorly deﬁned. Whether the major processing substrates are misfolded full-length proteins, or alternatively, aberrantly initiated or truncated polypeptides still remains to be addressed. To examine this, we used melanoma in which one-third of wild-type tyrosinase molecules were correctly folded and localized beyond the Golgi, while the remainder were present in the endoplasmic reticulum in an unfolded/misfolded state. Increasing the efﬁciency of tyrosinase folding using chemical chaperones led to a reduction in the level of substrate available to the proteasome and decreased the expression of a tyrosinase-derived epitope. Conversely, in transfectants expressing tyrosinase mutants that are completely misfolded, both proteasome substrate and epitope presentation were signiﬁcantly enhanced. Proteasome substrate availability was a consequence of misfolding and not simply due to retention in the endoplasmic reticulum. Thus, the extent of folding/misfolding of a full-length protein is an important determinant of the level of epitope presentation. The Journal of Immunology, 2005, 174: 2544–2551.
Training a Multigenerational Workforce: Understanding Key Needs & Learning Styles

Many organizations are trying to manage a multigenerational workforce. Organizations have begun to shift their focus from the aging worker to issues related to a multigenerational workforce (Sprague, 2008). In fact, many workplaces now employ four different generations of workers (Hart, 2008). As a result, companies need to holistically evaluate their workforces, as each group requires a unique approach to such issues as recruitment, compensation, expectations, motivators, collaboration, learning styles and training. This article examines the differences between the generations and how understanding and appreciating them can help SH&E professionals improve communication and training.
Fabrication and System Integration of Single-Mode Polymer Optical Waveguides

The emergence of ever new user applications and advances in computing technology drive the growth of computational power and interconnection bandwidth. While traditionally down-scaling of the chip dimensions was sufficient to satisfy these needs, integration and interconnection aspects nowadays become more important as traditional electrical interconnects approach their performance limits. Since the 1980s, single-mode optical fibers have dominated the market for long distance optical communication. Current research efforts focus on short distances (mm – m) with optical technologies such as singleand multimode integrated polymer waveguides or active optical cables, as well as on very short distances (μm – mm) with silicon photonics. In the present work, we identified direct laser written single-mode polymer waveguides as a promising solution for board-level optical interconnects with distances of cm – m. We demonstrate a range of building blocks to show the potential of the proposed waveguide technology. The success of this optical technology is, besides performance and reliability measures, mainly dependent on the implementation cost. A cheap fabrication technology, as well as smart and simple coupling concepts to active devices (e.g., lasers or photodetectors), to devices made in other fabrication technologies (e.g., silicon photonics chips) and to single-mode fibers (SMF) have to be available. We studied two direct UV-patternable polymer materials, namely acrylates during the initial process development phase and polysiloxanes for the device fabrication. Together with Dow Corning Corporation, a novel polysiloxane material was developed with absorption losses as low as 0.2 dB/cm at the wavelength of 1.3 μm. Laser direct writing was selected as the most advantageous micro-patterning technique. Characteristics of laser writing include high flexibility, fast prototyping, scalability to large substrates and local position accuracy with respect to substrate. By using a custom-built laser direct writing setup and optimizing the writing modes and fabrication parameters, we achieved the controlled fabrication of single-mode waveguides. A propagation loss of 0.28 dB/cm at the wavelength of 1.3 μm was achieved, including 0.2 dB/cm intrinsic material loss. We manufactured a range of well performing passive devices, including y-splitters, directional couplers, multimode interference