Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evolution of Human-Specific Alleles Protecting Cognitive Function of Grandmothers

Late-onset Alzheimer’s Disease (LOAD) pathology is rare in our closest living evolutionary relatives (chimpanzees), which also express much lower microglial levels of CD33(Siglec-3)–a myelomonocytic receptor inhibiting innate immune reactivity by extracellular V-set domain recognition of sialic acid(Sia)-containing “self-associated molecular patterns” (SAMPs). We earlier showed that V-set domain-deficient CD33-variant allele, protective against LOAD, is derived and specific to hominin-lineage. We now report that CD33 also harbors multiple hominin-specific V-set domain mutations and explore selection forces that may have favored such genomic changes. N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc), the preferred Sia-ligand of ancestral CD33 is absent in humans, due to hominin-specific, fixed loss-of-function mutation in CMAH, which generates CMP-Neu5Gc from its precursor, CMP-N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac). Extensive mutational analysis and MD-simulations indicate that fixed change in amino acid 21 of hominin V-set domain and conformational changes related to His45 corrected for Neu5Gc-loss by switching to Neu5Ac-recognition. Considering immune-evasive “molecular mimicry” of SAMPs by pathogens, we found that human-specific pathogens Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Group B Streptococcus (affecting fertility and fetuses/neonates respectively) selectively bind huCD33 and this binding is significantly impacted by amino acid 21 modification. Alongside LOAD-protective CD33 alleles, humans harbor additional, derived, population-universal, cognition-protective variants absent in “great ape” genomes. Interestingly, 11 of 13 SNPs in these human genes (including CD33), that protect the cognitive health of elderly populations, are not shared by genomes of archaic hominins: Neanderthals and Denisovans. Finally, we present a plausible evolutionary scenario to compile, correlate and comprehend existing knowledge about huCD33 evolution and suggest that grandmothering emerged in humans.
A synchronous generator stabilizer design using neuro inverse controller and error reduction network

A neuro power system stabilizer (PSS) is developed for multimachine power systems. Each machine is identified in its inverse relation by an artificial neural network (inverse dynamics neural network (IDNN)) offline, which is used as a local inverse controller. The control error due to the interactions between generators is predicted and compensated through another network called the error reduction network (ERN). The ERN consists of several IDNNs in a linear combination form. In most neurocontrollers, two neural nets are required, one for system emulation, the other for control. In the proposed controller, the only network requiring training is the IDNN. Simulations are performed on two typical cases: an unstable single-machine power system of nonminimum phase, and a multimachine power system.
Knowing too much? On bias due to domain‐specific knowledge in internal crowdsourcing for explorative ideas

Internal crowdsourcing utilizes a firm’s employees, of which many have a strong understanding of the domains in which the firm operates, for contributing with, developing and evaluating ideas. On the one hand, these employees can use their domain-specific knowledge to identify the value of what may seem a far-fetched solution to the average employee. On the other hand, previous research has shown that employees typically evaluate ideas in their domains less favorably if they do not align with ongoing exploitation activities. Hence, this study focuses on whether a higher degree of relevant domain-specific knowledge makes employees participating in internal crowdsourcing prefer exploitative solutions when evaluating ideas. An empirical study of an online platform for firm-internal innovation in a multinational engineering company showed that employees who only infrequently participated in internal crowdsourcing mostly contributed to and evaluated ideas within their own domain. Employees who frequently participated also contributed to and evaluated ideas outside their own domains. By statistically analyzing group differences during idea evaluation, we show that employees participating infrequently favor exploitable solutions, whereas employees participating frequently are more uncertain. The former difference is only seen concerning ideas that require domain-specific knowledge to understand, but the latter is observed for all types of ideas. This study makes three substantial contributions. First, employees with domain-specific knowledge, through their preference for exploita-tive solutions, bias the outcome of internal crowdsourcing when idea evaluation requires domain-specific knowledge. Second, this bias is aggravated by the overall higher level of uncertainty displayed by employees participating frequently in internal crowdsourcing and thereby tend to reach out to other domains.
A Meta-Analysis of How Country-Level Factors Affect Web Survey Response Rates

A major challenge in web-based cross-cultural data collection is varying response rates, which can result in low data quality and non-response bias. Country-specific factors such as the political and demographic, economic, and technological factors as well as the socio-cultural environment may have an effect on the response rates to web surveys. This study evaluates web survey response rates using meta-analytical methods based on 110 experimental studies from seven countries. Three dependent variables, so-called effect sizes, are used: the web response rate, the response rate to the comparison survey mode, and the difference between the two response rates. The meta-analysis indicates that four country-specific factors (political and demographic, economic, technological, and socio-cultural) impact the magnitude of web survey response rates. Specifically, web surveys achieve high response rates in countries with high population growth, high internet coverage, and a high survey participation propensity. On the other hand, web surveys are at a disadvantage in countries with a high population age and high cell phone coverage. This study concludes that web surveys can be a reliable alternative to other survey modes due to their consistent response rates and are expected to be used more frequently in national and international settings.
Sampling effect in continuous-time small-signal modelling of average-current mode control

Small-signal modelling of an average-current mode control is proposed. To analyse the characteristics of the control scheme, a continuous-time small-signal model is derived. The derivation comes mainly from the analysis of the sampling effect present in the current control loop. By using the mathematical interpretation of a practical sampler representing the sampling effect of a current control loop, the small-signal model of an average-current mode control can be derived. To show the usefulness of the proposed model both simulation and experiment are carried out. The results show that the predicted results by the proposed model are in much better agreement with the measured ones than those of the conventional model, even though a high gain of the compensation network of the current control loop is employed.
Fundamental Study of Voltage Stability in a Power System with Large Penetration of Photovoltaic Generation Considering Induction Motor Dynamics

Because of global warming, attention to photovoltaic (PV) generation has increased, and considerable PV generation capacity will be installed in the power system. In Japan, most PV generation will be connected to the distribution system, which will cause changes in power flow in the power system. Forward power flow (flow from the higher voltage system to the lower voltage system) will be reduced and reverse power flow may occur. Because of the change in power flow, the voltage characteristics will also be changed. Consequently, it is expected that the penetration of PV generation will have some impact on voltage stability. In previous studies, the voltage characteristics in a simple power system model consisting of one infinite bus, one load, and one PV power source, have been investigated. It was found that there is not only a forward power flow limit but also a reverse power flow limit (the left nose in the PV curve), and that when the output power from PV generation is very large, the left nose sometimes has some impact on voltage stability. In this paper, the voltage stability in a simple power system model considering the dynamics of an induction motor is discussed.
Developing a practical framework for assessing ERP post-implementation success using fuzzy analytic network process

Implementing an enterprise resource planning system is a sophisticated, lengthy, and costly process which tends to face serious failure. Thus, it is essential to perform a success assessment at the post-implementation stage of an ERP project to evaluate how much the system has succeeded in achieving its predetermined objectives. This paper proposes a practical framework for assessing a firm's ERP post-implementation success utilising current models through a fuzzy analytic network process. The construct of ERP success is broken down into three main parts, including managerial success, organisational success, and individual success. Using this framework, the firm's ERP system success can be determined and the required improvement projects can be proposed to promote the success level. The proposed framework has been applied to a real international company, in the field of manufacturing and supplying turbines, to measure the firm's ERP post-implementation success. Finally, the advantages of the model are illustrated.
Low-frequency ultrawideband array-antenna SAR for stationary and moving target imaging

The paper discusses the necessity and feasibility of designing a SAR system for detection of low-signature stationary and moving targets, e.g. concealed by foliage. In particular, we investigate the basic requirements, measurement principles and signal processing algorithms. We show that the problem can be formulated using the same principles as ultra-wideband SAR by adding multiple antenna elements. Time-domain signal processing is emphasized, and we formulate such SAR algorithms to simultaneously focus both stationary and moving targets. The computational effort to the basic algorithm is dramatically reduced by factorization into a number of recursive stages. In this manner, the time-domain algorithm has essentially the same numerical efficiency as FFT-based methods. We also include a brief description of the present development of an airborne SAR system with an antenna array and operating in the 200 - 800 MHz band called LORA.
The politics of pronouns: how Trump framed the ingroup in the 2016 presidential election

ABSTRACT Outgroup hostility and racialized language were the most important predictors of support for Trump in the 2016 election season. Some scholarship argues that outgroup hostility outweighs the importance of white ingroup attitudes. Using a mix-methods content analysis of Trump’s campaign speeches, this paper agrees that outgroup hostility was the primary rhetorical device used by Trump in his speeches in both the primary and general elections. This work goes further and examines how Trump’s rhetoric framed and constructed the ingroup using outgroup rhetoric to connect the two. We argue that immigration and refugees, specifically, were used by Trump as part of the identity story he told about the ingroup and what it means to be an ingroup member. Our contribution rests on the correlation between hostile outgroup rhetoric—especially towards immigrants and refugees—to the framing and defining of the ingroup (through first-person plural pronouns). Further, we connect this rhetorical device to questions about what is at stake for the ingroup (i.e., power). We highlight a rhetorical mechanism that helps explain how hostile outgroup rhetoric is linked to ingroup framing, a contribution that adds to the literature on this topic.
Ion‐exchange synthesis of microporous Co3S4 for enhanced electrochemical energy storage

Replacing oxygen in an oxide‐based material with sulfur can produce improved flexibility and more efficient electron transport in its structure leading to enhanced electrical performance. Herein, facile template‐free growth of free‐standing cobalt (II, III) oxide (Co3O4) on Ni foam via a mild hydrothermal technique followed by its transformation to cobalt (II, III) sulfide (Co3S4) via an ion‐exchange is reported. The microstructural morphology, phase, and porosity of the prepared Co3O4 and Co3S4 are characterized by FESEM, XRD, Raman, XPS, TEM, and BET analyses. The electrochemical performance of the Co3S4 film with a microporous morphology is considerably superior to that of Co3O4, exhibiting a high specific capacitance of 1604 F g−1 (905 F g−1 for Co3O4), the excellent restorative ability of ~99% at 1 A g−1 (~96% for Co3O4), and good retention of 98% at 10 A g−1 (~70% for Co3O4). The Co3S4 electrode shows excellent capacitance endurance even after 10 000 charge/discharge cycles and a high energy density of 128.32 Wh kg−1 at 0.72 kW kg−1. A fabricated symmetric Co3S4 supercapacitor device also reveals superior charge/discharge, restorative, and retention performances compared to a Co3O4 one. The excellent supercapacitive performance of phase‐transformed Co3S4 electrode is due its large electrochemically active surface area along with synergetic effect of small charge transfer resistance and high relative diffusion coefficient.
A Vehicle Model Recognition using Car`s Headlights Features and Homogeneity Information

This paper proposes a new vehicle model recognition using scale invariant feature transform to car`s headlights image. Proposed vehicle model recognition raises the accuracy using "homogeneity" calculated from the distribution of features. In the experiment with 400 test images taken from 54 different vehicles, proposed method has 90% recognition rate and 16.45 homogeneity.
Experimental investigation of linear amplification characteristics of radio-frequency thin-film SOI power MOSFETs

Linear amplification characteristics of RF thin-film SOI power MOSFETs have been investigated under /spl pi//4 shift quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation. They were found to depend on both the gate and drain bias conditions. There are optimum bias conditions which give the best linear amplification characteristics. They were also found to depend on the pattern layout and gate electrode resistivity. A shorter finger length and lower gate resistance resulted in good linear amplification characteristics. The linear amplification characteristics were independent of the substrate resistivity.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect of nutritional support on the clinical outcome of patients with traumatic brain injury.

BACKGROUND It remains unclear whether nutritional support can reduce the mortality and infection rate of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), improve their gastrointestinal function, and shorten the length of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of nutritional support on the clinical outcome of TBI patients. METHODS A computer search was conducted of the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Wanfang, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases for randomized controlled trials investigating the impact of nutritional support on the clinical outcomes of patients with TBI. The search included the period from the establishment of the database to July 2021. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted the data, and evaluated the risk of bias in the included studies. RevMan 5.3 statistical software (Cochrane Collaboration) was used to analyze the effect size, and a funnel plot was used to detect publication bias. RESULTS Seven articles reporting on 260 patients receiving nutritional support therapy compared with 252 standard nutrition control patients were included in the study. Meta-analysis showed that there was no significant difference in mortality between the nutritional support and standard nutrition treatments (RR =0.74; 95% CI: 0.34-1.60; P=0.44). However, there were significant differences in total serum protein levels (MD =2.23; 95% CI: 1.38-3.07; P<0.00001), total infection rates (RR =0.54; 95% CI: 0.41-0.71; P<0.0001), lung infection rates (RR =0.60; 95% CI: 0.45-0.81; P=0.0006), length of stay in ICU (MD =-5.65; 95% CI: -6.18 to -5.13; P<0.00001) and Glasgow Coma Scale scores (MD =2.77; 95% CI: 1.75-3.78; P<0.00001). DISCUSSION Nutritional support effectively shortens the hospital stay of patients, reduces the infection rate of patients, and has a positive effect on promoting rehabilitation for patients with TBI. However, high-quality, large-sample, multi-center randomized controlled trials are needed to further study the specific implementation standards of nutritional support.
Constrained Model Predictive Control of an Industrial Drying Process for Viscose Staple Fibres

The paper presents the implementation of a model based predictive control algorithm of an industrial drying process for Viscose staple fibres. A short review of the earlier published modelling procedure presents the linearised multi-input multi-output (MIMO) state space formulation of the design model. The design of the predictive control scheme incorporates constraints on the manipulated variables, set-points for the manipulated variables, and active disturbance rejection for the main disturbance variables of the drying process. Some simulation results demonstrate the beneficial effects of this structure, and the choice of proper weightings is also briefly discussed. Implementation issues and various measured results are presented. The problem of redundant but biased measurements of fibre humidity is addressed and the superior performance of the new concept compared to the existing PID-control is demonstrated. Both energy consumption and variation of humidity in the final product are significantly reduced by the successful implementation.Copyright © 2010 by ASME
Harmonic Impact Study for Distributed Energy Resources Integrated Into Power Distribution Networks

Smart realization involves a steady increase in inverter-based components like Distributed Energy Resources (DER), energy storage systems, and plug-in electric vehicles. The harmonics related to DER inverters and the spread of power electronic devices raises concerns for utilities and customers. Harmonics can create component failures, thermal losses and control system malfunctions. In this paper the authors analyze the impact of multi-source harmonics from DERs inside distribution networks. The harmonics impacts are evaluated by harmonic measurement indices. Harmonic emission in a real distribution circuit is simulated with the help of power flow analysis. The results are presented with visualization techniques to give a better picture of harmonic propagation vs. different levels of harmonic source magnitude and angle. Due to effect of harmonic on network efficiency, a sensitivity analysis considering power factors is conducted.Copyright © 2013 by ASME
Software Defined Radio: Basic Principles and Applications

The author makes a review of the SDR (Software Defined Radio) technology, including hardware schemes and application fields. A low performance device is presented and several tests are executed with it using free software. With the acquired experience, SDR employment opportunities are identified for low-cost solutions that can solve significant problems. In addition, a list of the most important frameworks related to the technology developed in the last years is offered, recommending the use of three of them.
Prolonged Methylprednisolone Therapy in the Fibro-Proliferative Phase of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Late-stage acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), primarily associated with fibro-proliferative changes, may occur in many patients. This stage, where ARDS progresses to the point of being incurable, involves a complicated and long clinical course that may give rise to functional loss; it has therefore been a major focus of both preventive and therapeutic strategies. In the present case report, the successful use of prolonged methylprednisolone therapy in the fibro-proliferative phase of ARDS is described in a patient who developed pneumonia and secondary ARDS after terminating a pregnancy due to preeclampsia. Methylprednisolone therapy, which was initiated at a daily dosage of 1 mg/kg, was tapered down based on the clinical and radiologic status of the patient and was terminated at the end of the sixth month. Follow-up imaging studies and pulmonary function tests performed at the end of the first and sixth months showed marked improvements and the patient experienced no systemic adverse effects despite long-term steroid therapy.
Acoustic Interaction between a Pair of Owls and a Wolf

Abstract. During summer 2019, we recorded an apparent vocal interaction, lasting just under 4 min, between a pair of Great Horned Owls (Bubo virginianus) and a gray wolf (Canis lupus) in Yellowstone National Park. To our knowledge, this is the first report of such an acoustic interaction in the scientific literature. The increased use of passive acoustic recorders, which record spontaneous vocalizations emitted by animals over long periods, will allow us to better document and study the importance of such interspecific interactions.
Effect of social status signaling in an organic restaurant setting有机餐厅背景下社会地位信号的影响

ABSTRACT Despite the popularity of organic consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic, little research has examined how organic service experience predicts brand-related outcomes. To examine how organic restaurant service providers benefit from signaling social status the authors examine identification, evaluation, and revisit intention as the key consequences. Using data from 204 American customers, the results of partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) show that social status signaling has a positive effect on identification and evaluation of restaurant brand. Also, mediating role of identification and evaluation in the relationship between social status signaling and revisit intention is found. However, signaling of social status alone is not enough to elicit positive behaviors from customers. Multigroup analysis identifies that customers’ trust has a significant moderating effect on the association of the proposed relations. This empirical evidence contributes to the application of the signaling theory and provides managerial guidelines for organic restaurant service providers.
Mass Media, Social Media and Technological Evolution Today: A Theoretical Approach

This study aims to make a synthetic theoretical presentation of the main challenges currently noticeable in the evolution of the mass media and social media in the context of the accelerated development of new technologies. It is a slow, but decided, visible change, one that profoundly affects human society. In this context we put forward the use of the post-media concept, which defines the transition from classical to new (digital) media, assimilating both the facilities of rapid communication and linking, as well as the tensions arising as a result of the dangers generated and the pressures exerted by various changes. The analysis covers the main types of convergence in communication, the integration of new technologies and equipment, the generalization of interconnection, the extension and diversification of handling arrangements, and the need to rewrite ethical and professional codes for the use of those working on digital platforms.