Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Eﬀect of weather variability on the incidence of mumps in children: a time-series analysis

SUMMARY The increasing international interest in the potential health eﬀects of climate change has emphasized the importance of investigations into the relationship between weather variability and infectious diseases. However, few studies have examined the impact of weather variability on mumps in children, despite the fact that children are considered particularly vulnerable to climate change. We acquired data about cases of mumps in children aged < 15 years and weather variability in Fukuoka, Japan from 2000 to 2008, and then used time-series analyses to assess how weather variability aﬀected mumps cases, adjusting for seasonal variations, inter-annual variations, and temporal variations of two large epidemics in 2001 and 2004–2005. The weekly number of mumps cases increased by 7.5% (95% CI 4.0–11.1) for every 1 x C increase in average temperature and by 1.4% (95% CI 0.5–2.4) for every 1% increase in relative humidity. The percentage increase was greatest in the 0–4 years age group and tended to decrease with increasing age. The number of mumps cases in children increased signiﬁcantly with increased average temperature and relative humidity.
OpenMMS: An Ontology Driven Architecture for Macromolecular Structure

An object metamodel based on a standard scientific ontology has been developed and used to generate a CORBA interface, an SQL schema and an XML representation for macromolecular structure (MMS) data. In addition to the interface and schema definitions, the metamodel was also used to generate the core elements of a CORBA reference server and a JDBC database loader. The Java source code which implements this metamodel, the CORBA server, database loader and XML converter are part of the soon to be released OpenMMS toolkit. The CORBA, SQL and XML expressions of the MMS data were designed to address the needs of a wide range of applications and to provide efficient, high performance access for several common use cases. These cases include many types of services and applications that require fast and flexible access to molecular structure information provided by the Protein Data Bank (PDB) [1]. Many types of inquires involve calculations based on the spatial position of atoms or residues while others involve extensive string searches through complex data types. Although these inquiries cannot be anticipated in advance, a major goal of this work is to provide an easy-to-use, interfaces that can provide for specialized computations with near-optimal performance. A major milestone in this work was passed in February 2001 when the Board of Directors of the Object Management Group (OMG) voted to adopt the CORBA IDL Macromolecular Structure specification derived from this metamodel. This specification [2] provides an open, standardized object-oriented application-programming interface (API) that allows direct access by remote programs to the binary data structures of the PDB. The overall view of the
Investigation of earthquake sequence and stress transfer in the Eastern Anatolia Fault Zone by Coulomb stress analysis

: A devastating earthquake with a magnitude of ( M w = 7.7) occurred on February 06, 2023, in the Pazarcık segment of the Eastern Anatolian Fault Zone, which has not shown major earthquake activity for a long time. On the same day, another earthquake with a magnitude of ( M w = 7.6) occurred in Ekinözü-Elbistan (Kahramanmaraş) in the northwest. Three more earthquakes with magnitudes of M w = 6.6, M w = 5.9, and M L = 5.7 occurred on the same day, and significant damage, loss of life, and property occurred in 11 provinces and districts. A sixth earthquake occurred with M w = 6.4 magnitude in Defne-Hatay on February 20, 2023. In addition, more than 32,000 aftershocks were recorded while this study was in progress. The interconnection of these earthquakes was investigated by Coulomb stress analysis. It showed compatibility with the distribution of both these six earthquakes and small aftershocks, in which earthquakes transfer stress to each other during their formation phases. By calculating Coulomb stress changes, mainshock ruptures have played an important role in transferring stresses between Elazığ and Malatya in the northeast, Kahramanmaraş-Göksun in the west, and Hatay and Syria in the south. Also, our calculations showed that shallow depths in and around source zones received positive stress changes (~1.0 bar) due to the focal depths of mainshocks with their aftershocks. Finally, it has been better understood with these earthquakes that the stress transfer time of high-energy earthquakes can be shortened considerably.
Hikers' Perspectives on Solitude and Wilderness

The role of user encounters in shaping a wilderness experience and sense of solitude was investi- gated in Shenandoah National Park using open-ended interviews with 117 groups of hikers. Among those feeling that they had had a wilderness experience, 44% said the lack of encounters contributed to this sense, while 52% of those who did not have a wilderness experience cited crowding or encounters. The majority reportedly experienced solitude, although many said solitude only occurred at times or places during the hike.
On the Performance and Energy Eﬀiciency of Hadoop Deployment Models

—The exponential growth of scientiﬁc and business data has resulted in the evolution of the cloud computing and the MapReduce parallel programming model. Cloud computing emphasizes increased utilization and power savings through consolidation while MapReduce enables large scale data analysis. The Hadoop framework has recently evolved to the standard framework implementing the MapReduce model. In this paper, we evaluate Hadoop performance in both the traditional model of collocated data and compute services as well as consider the impact of separating out the services. The separation of data and compute services provides more ﬂexibility in environments where data locality might not have a considerable impact such as virtualized environments and clusters with advanced networks. In this paper, we also conduct an energy efﬁciency evaluation of Hadoop on physical and virtual clusters in different conﬁgura-tions. Our extensive evaluation shows that: (1) performance on physical clusters is signiﬁcantly better than on virtual clusters; (2) performance degradation due to separation of the services depends on the data to compute ratio; (3) application completion progress correlates with the power consumption and power consumption is heavily application speciﬁc.
HSE: Hybrid Species Embedding for Deep Metric Learning

Deep metric learning is crucial for finding an embedding function that can generalize to training and testing data, including unknown test classes. However, limited training samples restrict the model’s generalization to downstream tasks. While adding new training samples is a promising solution, determining their labels remains a significant challenge. Here, we introduce Hybrid Species Embedding (HSE), which employs mixed sample data augmentations to generate hybrid species and provide additional training signals. We demonstrate that HSE outperforms multiple state-of-the-art methods in improving the metric Recall@K on the CUB-200 , CAR-196 and SOP datasets, thus offering a novel solution to deep metric learning’s limitations.
First record of two fish species (Actinopterygii) in the Sukhyi Lyman, northwestern Black Sea, Ukraine

Two new fish species were recorded while monitoring the fish fauna of Sukhyi Lyman (or Sukhyi Estuary), an estuary in the north - western Black Sea (Ukraine) close to the marine port of Chornomorsk. A single pumpkinseed, Lepomis gibbosus (Linnaeus, 1758), was observed in May 1999, followed by numerous observations in May 2021, while a single peacock blenny, Salaria pavo (Risso, 1810), was photographed during snorkeling observations in September 2021. The estuary is a known hub for invasive alien species and other neobionts due to the presence of the marine port. The new population of pumpkinseed, a North American invasive species, in the estuary represents the next stage in the species’ ongoing expansion along the Ukrainian Black Sea coast. Likewise, the appearance of the peacock blenny represents the latest stage in the “Mediterranization” of the Black Sea, a process that has been ongoing over the last several thousand years.
Normative Monitoring Using Bayesian Networks: De(cid:28)ning a Threshold for Con(cid:29)ict Detection

Normative monitoring of black-box AI systems entails detecting whether input-output combinations of AI systems are acceptable in speci(cid:28)c contexts. To this end, we build on an existing approach that uses Bayesian networks and a tailored con(cid:29)ict measure called IOcon(cid:29). In this paper, we argue that the default (cid:28)xed threshold associated with this measure is not necessarily suitable for the purpose of normative monitoring. We subsequently study the bounds imposed on the measure by the normative setting and, based upon our analyses, propose a dynamic threshold that depends on the context in which the AI system is applied. Finally, we show the measure and threshold are e(cid:27)ective by experimentally evaluating them using an existing Bayesian network.
Alternating Influence of Northern Versus Southern‐Sourced Water Masses on the Equatorial Pacific Subthermocline During the Past 240 ka

The eastern equatorial Pacific (EEP) is a key area to understand past oceanic processes that control atmospheric CO2 concentrations. Many studies argue for higher nutrient concentrations by enhanced nutrient transfer via Southern Ocean Intermediate Water (SOIW) to the low-latitude Pacific during glacials. Recent studies, however, argue against SOIW as the primary nutrient source, at least during early Marine Isotope Stage 2 (MIS 2), as proxy data indicate that nutrients are better utilized in the Southern Ocean under glacial conditions. New results from the subarctic Pacific suggest that enhanced convection of nutrient-rich Glacial North Pacific Intermediate Water (GNPIW) contributes to changes in nutrient concentrations in equatorial subthermocline water masses during MIS 2. However, the interplay between SOIW versus GNPIW and its influence on the nutrient distribution in the EEP spanning more than one glacial cycle are still not understood. We present a carbon isotope (δ13C) record of subthermocline waters derived from deep-dwelling planktonic foraminifera Globorotaloides hexagonus in the EEP, which is compared with published δ13C records around the Pacific. Results indicate enhanced influence of GNPIW during MIS 6 and MIS 2 compared to today with largest contributions of northern-sourced intermediate waters during glacial maxima. These observations suggest a mechanistic link between relative contributions of northern and southern intermediate waters and past EEP nutrient concentrations. A switch from increased GNPIW (decreased SOIW) to diminished GNPIW (enhanced SOIW) influence on equatorial subthermocline waters is recognized during glacial terminations and marks changes to modern-like conditions in nutrient concentrations and biological productivity in the EEP.
Understanding Concurrent Radiative Wireless Power Transfer in the IoT: Out of Myth, into Reality

—Radiative wireless power transfer plays a vital role in addressing the challenges facing today’s Internet of Things, such as frequent battery replacement, unimaginable electronic waste, and autonomous operation at hard-to-reach places. Concurrent charging is a fundamental pattern in radiative wireless power transfer, where multiple chargers transmit energy waves concurrently, or the signals are received by multiple nodes simultaneously. However, its system model has yet to be understood, and many widespread assumptions (“myths”) are too ideal, e.g., the constant power density in the time domain, neglected antenna type, and non-interference between neighbor devices. This article aims to uncover realities that bust these myths experimentally. Firstly, extensive results indicate that instantaneous received power in the time domain fluctuates heavily due to imperfect matches between multiple transmitters. Secondly, the extent to which antenna type affects concurrent charging is investigated. Thirdly, energy interference among neighbor devices is identified, and its interference pattern is explored for the first time. Inspired by the new findings, some insights are pointed out from the above three perspectives at last.
Effect of Silver and Cadmium Nanoparticles on Endocytosis and Effect of Silver and Cadmium Nanoparticles on Endocytosis and Protein Recycling in Yeast Protein Recycling in Yeast

Endocytosis is a highly regulated process crucial for recycling of plasma membrane proteins and lipids. Derailments in this trafficking pathway pose threat to normal functioning of somatic cells. Engineered nanoparticles are used extensively in industry due to unique physicochemical properties. However, these nanoparticles, at high concentrations are known to create toxic effects on biological tissues. With this recent information, I investigated the potential toxicity of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) and cadmium selenium/zinc sulfide (CdSe/ZnS) quantum dots (QDs) on liquid phase endocytosis pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae . My data provided evidence that treatment of yeast cells with AgNP and CdSe/ZnS QDs resulted in FM4-64 transit defects with a significant delay of its trafficking to the final destination. To test the potential negative effects of these nanoparticles on intracellular trafficking pathways, I examined the distribution pattern of Vps10-GFP and GFP-Snc1. Both AgNP and CdSe/ZnS QDs disrupted the intracellular trafficking pathways as shown in abnormal distribution patterns of Vps10-GFP and GFP-Snc1. In addition, cells treated with cadmium sulphate and silver nitrate displayed severe defects both in endocytosis and the trafficking toward the Golgi. In summary, my study provided evidence that AgNP and CdSe/ZnS QDs affect endocytosis and endosome-Golgi trafficking. Future research would involve illustrating the molecular mechanisms behind the cell toxicity.
Robotics and Autonomous Systems

In this paper, we present an integrated robotic system capable of participating in and performing a wide range of educational and entertainment tasks collaborating with one or more children. The system, called ChildBot, features multimodal perception modules and multiple robotic agents that monitor the interaction environment and can robustly coordinate complex Child–Robot Interaction use-cases. In order to validate the effectiveness of the system and its integrated modules, we have conducted multiple experiments with a total of 52 children. Our results show improved perception capabilities in comparison to our earlier works that ChildBot was based on. In addition, we have conducted a preliminary user experience study, employing some educational/entertainment tasks, that yields encouraging results regarding the technical validity of our system and initial insights on the user experience with it. © 2021ElsevierB.V. Allrightsreserved.
Decoding Demographics on Generation Z's Post-Pandemic Shopping Trends: E-Commerce Evolution 4.0, the Digital Shopper's Dilemma, and Tailoring Strategies

This quantitative study investigates the impact of demographic factors on customer satisfaction and subsequent online purchase intentions among Generation Z university students in Dhaka, Bangladesh, during the post-COVID-19 era. Employing a cross-sectional research design, the study uses a stratified random sampling technique to collect data from 433 respondents. The questionnaire, based on a five-point Likert scale, explores variables such as gender, internet literacy, product price perception, income, education, customer satisfaction, and intention to purchase. IBM SPSS Version 25 (Licensed) is used for data analysis, incorporating descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and regression analysis. The study unveils positive and significant relationships between gender, internet literacy, product price, income, and education with customer satisfaction. Moreover, a robust link between customer satisfaction and the intention to purchase online is identified. Theoretical frameworks such as Social Identity Theory and Consumer Satisfaction Models guide the research, highlighting the importance of a nuanced understanding for tailored marketing strategies. The findings contribute valuable insights for businesses and policymakers navigating the post-COVID-19 digital landscape. Future research avenues include exploring emerging technologies and cross-cultural variations within Generation Z.
Geochemistry of aluminous A-type granites along Darabut tectonic belt in West Junggar, Xinjiang

There are several batholiths mainly composed of alkali feldspar granites, including Miaoergou, Akebasitao, Karamay, and Hongshan plutons, outcropped along Darabut tectonic belt in West Junggar, Xinjiang. The results of studies on petrology and elemental geochemistry show that all these alkali feldspar granites are typically aluminous A-type granites, which are characterized by high 100 00×Ga/Al ratios. From the results of zircon U-Pb dating by LA-ICPMS, they were emplaced at about 300 Ma, being contemporary with alkaline granites in East Junggar. The alkali feldspar granites studied belong to A2 on petrogenetic type, and should be formed in a post-collisional tensional environment. eNd(t) values of these granites are high, ranging from +6.42 to +7.46, but many geological and geochemical characteristics demonstrate that these rocks were not directly derived from a depleted mantle, but most likely formed by fractional crystallization of granodioritic magmas which were produced by partial melting of a juvenile crust which mainly consists of oceanic crust and arc complex.
The Coso geothermal field: A nascent metamorphic core complex

Investigation of the Coso Range using seismicity, gravity, and geochemistry of rocks and fluids, supports the interpretation that the structure hosting the geothermal resource is a nascent metamorphic core complex. The structural setting is a releasing bend in a dextral strike-slip system that extends from the Indian Wells Valley northward into the Owens Valley. This tectonic setting results in NW-directed transtension, which is accommodated by normal and strike-slip faulting of the brittle upper 4–6 km of the crust, and shearing and ductile stretching below this depth, accompanied by shallow igneous intrusions. Focal mechanisms of some small earthquakes that have occurred from 1996 to the present beneath the Coso Range exhibit depth-dependent rotation of seismic P and T axes, indicating that the local orientations of the principal stresses likely favor resolved shear stress on low-angle faults. These small earthquakes occur near the base of seismicity, which we interpret as coincident with the brittle-ductile transition. Geochemical results show a significant asthenospheric influence in the isotopic composition of rocks and fluids, indicating that the crust is thinned within the Coso structure. Thinned upper crust is underlain by a more dense mafic body at depths of 10 km or less. This is consistent with observed gravity anomalies and models. The mafic body may represent cumulates left over from the fractional crystallization of rhyolite, which occurs as endogenous domes at Coso, or it could be a sheeted-dike complex in the upper mid-crustal area. Transtension began at 2–3 Ma, and continues today. Using a long-term crustal deformation rate of 2 mm/yr, we infer that the basal detachment fault commonly observed in fully exhumed metamorphic core complexes will reach the surface in two to four million years.
Effect of Acute and Cumulative Stress on Gene Expression in Mammary Tissue and Their Interactions with Physiological Responses and Milk Yield in Saanen Goats

Simple Summary Dairy goats face a set of stressful challenges during lactation. In our study, we aimed to understand how daily stressors can impact milk production and also how Saanen goats respond to these stressors. Our results showed that acute stress imposed sequentially caused cumulative stress and decreased the milk yield of a stressed goat. The data obtained may help in milk yields, especially in tropical regions where the use of goats is widely disseminated as a source of income and food. The information from this study can also be extrapolated to research in other production animals. Abstract This study addresses the hypothesis that different acute stressors can cumulatively decrease milk yield. In fact, in a time of global warming, the impact of environmental stress and farm management practices on milk production remains unclear. In this context, our objective was to investigate the effect of acute and cumulative stress on gene expression in mammary tissue and their interactions with physiological responses and milk yield in Saanen goats. Thirty lactating goats were subjected to two treatments: (1) control (CT), in which goats were maintained following a habitual routine under comfort conditions; (2) stress (ST), in which the goats were subjected to different types of environmental stress: heat stress, adrenocorticotropic hormone administration, hoof care management, and exposure to rain. These stressors were performed sequentially, with one stress per day on four consecutive lactation days, to evaluate their effect on milk quality and milk yield. Our results showed that compared to CT goats, cumulative stress increased the gene expression of glucocorticoid receptor (GR), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) in mammary tissue, which are indicators of cortisol action, inflammatory response, and antioxidant enzymes. Furthermore, the acute challenges imposed on ST goats changed their rectal temperature and respiratory frequency and increased cortisol, glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein release in plasma when compared to CT goats. Although these physiological and metabolic responses restore homeostasis, ST goats showed lower milk yield and higher somatic cell count in milk than CT goats. In conclusion, the results confirmed our initial hypothesis that different acute stressors cumulatively decrease the milk yield in Saanen goats.