Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A novel four-legged loaded element thick-screen frequency selective surface with a stable performance

A thick-screen frequency selective surface (FSS) has not only a broad bandwidth but also the advantages of overcoming the multilayer FSS shortcoming of complex structure and low transmittance of centre frequency due to the cascade of FSSs, and this means it could potentially be applied in a stealth curved streamlined radome. However, there is an unsteadiness of centre frequency in a wide range of incident angles and another unsteadiness of polarization in a big incident angle. In order to solve these problems, in this paper we provide a novel four-legged loaded element thick-screen FSS. The structure is analysed and simulated using the mode matching method and moment method. The centre frequency, the transmittance of centre frequency, and bandwidth of the structure are investigated when some parameters including the polarization at a big incident angle and the incident angles of TE & TM waves are changed. The novel four-legged loaded element thick-screen FSS has better transmission properties with a better steadiness of polarization and incident angle independence. The novel structure of the four-legged loaded element thick-screen FSS provides a valuable reference for their application in a stealth curved streamlined radome.
[Prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) in Belém, Pará State, Brazil, in the oral cavity of individuals without clinically diagnosable injuries].

This cross-sectional study aimed to determine HPV prevalence in the oral cavity of individuals without clinically diagnosable lesions and to identify the respective HPV types. A total of 166 samples were analyzed from patients 18 years or older in the State of Para, Brazil. Samples were collected by sterile brush scraping in the oral cavity. HPV detection used polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Infected samples were typed as HPV 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 52, and 58. HPV was present in 40 samples (24.1%). Three samples (7.5%) were positive for HPV 6, five (12.5%) for HPV 18, and one (2.5%) for HPV 58.
Unsolved mysteries of water in its liquid and glassy phases

Although H2 O has been the focus of a considerable amount of research since the beginning of the century, its peculiar physical properties are still not well understood. First we discuss some of the anomalies of this `complex fluid'. Then we describe a qualitative interpretation in terms of percolation concepts. Finally, we discuss recent experiments and simulations relating to the liquid-liquid phase transition hypothesis that, in addition to the known critical point in water, there exists a `second' critical point at low temperatures. In particular, we discuss very recent measurements at Tsukuba of the compression-induced melting and decompression-induced melting lines of high-pressure forms of ice. We show how knowledge of these lines enables one to obtain an approximation for the Gibbs potential G (P ,T ) and the equation of state V (P ,T ) for water, both of which are consistent with the possible continuity of liquid water and the amorphous forms of solid water.
Dark radiation from particle decay: cosmological constraints and opportunities

We study particle decay as the origin of dark radiation. After elaborating general properties and useful parametrisations we provide model-independent and easy-to-use constraints from nucleosynthesis, the cosmic microwave background and structure formation. Bounds on branching ratios and mass hierarchies depend in a unique way on the time of decay. We demonstrate their power to exclude well-motivated scenarios taking the example of the lightest ordinary sparticle decaying into the gravitino. We point out signatures and opportunities in cosmological observations and structure formation. For example, if there are two dark decay modes, dark radiation and the observed dark matter with adjustable free-streaming can originate from the same decaying particle, solving small-scale problems of structure formation. Hot dark matter mimicking a neutrino mass scale as deduced from cosmological observations can arise and possibly be distinguished after a discovery. Our results can be used as a guideline for model building.
Cox rings, semigroups and automorphisms of affine algebraic varieties

We study the Cox realization of an affine variety, that is, a canonical representation of a normal affine variety with finitely generated divisor class group as a quotient of a factorially graded affine variety by an action of the Neron-Severi quasitorus. The realization is described explicitly for the quotient space of a linear action of a finite group. A universal property of this realization is proved, and some results in the divisor theory of an abstract semigroup emerging in this context are given. We show that each automorphism of an affine variety can be lifted to an automorphism of the Cox ring normalizing the grading. It follows that the automorphism group of an affine toric variety of without nonconstant invertible regular functions has infinite dimension. We obtain a wild automorphism of the three-dimensional quadratic cone that rises to the Anick automorphism of the polynomial algebra in four variables. Bibliography: 22 titles.
Cosmic histories of star formation and reionization: an analysis with a power-law approximation

With a simple power-law approximation of high-redshift (≳3.5) star formation history, i.e., ρ̇*(z)∝[(1+z)/4.5]−α, we investigate the reionization of intergalactic medium (IGM) and the consequent Thomson scattering optical depth for cosmic microwave background (CMB) photons. A constraint on the evolution index α is derived from the CMB optical depth measured by the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) experiment, which reads α ≈ 2.18 lg 𝒩γ−3.89, where the free parameter 𝒩γ is the number of the escaped ionizing ultraviolet photons per baryon. At the same time, the redshift zf at which the IGM is fully ionized can also be expressed as a function of α as well as 𝒩γ. By further taking into account the implication of the Gunn-Peterson trough observations to quasars for the full reionization redshift, i.e., 6≲zf≲7, we obtain 0.3≲α≲1.3 and 80≲𝒩γ≲230. For a typical number of ∼ 4000 of ionizing photons released per baryon of normal stars, the fraction of these photons escaping from the stars, fesc, can be constrained to within the range of (2.0–5.8)%.
Effects of the pedaling cadence on metabolic and cardiovascular responses during incremental and constant workload exercises in active individuals

The main purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the pedaling cadence (50 x 100 rpm) on the heart rate (HR) and the blood lactate response during incremental and constant workload exercises in active individuals. Nine active male individuals (20.9 ± 2.9 years old; 73.9 ± 6.5 kg; 1.79 ± 0.9 m) were submitted to two incremental tests, and to 6-8 constant workload tests to determine the intensity corresponding to the maximal steady state lactate (MLSS intens ) in both cadences. The maximal power (Pmax) attained during the incremental test, and the MLSS intens were significantly lower at 100 rpm (240.9 ± 12.6 W; 148.1 ± 154.W) compared to 50 rpm (263.9 ± 18.6 W; 186.1 ± 21.2 W), respectively. The HRmax did not change between cadences (50 rpm = 191.1 ± 8.8 bpm; 100 rpm = 192.6 ± 9.9 bpm). Regardless the cadence, the HRmax percentage (70, 80, 90, and 100%) determined the same lactate concentrations during the incremental test. However, when the intensity was expressed in Pmax percentage or in absolute power, the lactate and the HR values were always higher at highest cadences. The HR corresponding to MLSS intens was similar between cadences (50 rpm = 162.5 ± 9.1 bpm; 100 rpm = 160.4 ± 9.2 bpm). Based on these results, it can be conclude that regardless the cadence employed (50 x 100 rpm), the use of the HR to individualize the exercise intensity indicates similar blood lactate responses, and this relationship is also kept in the exercise of constant intensity performed at MLSS intens . On the other hand, the use of the Pmax percentages depend on the cadence used, indicating different physiological responses to a same percentage.
Efeitos do condicionamento osmótico na qualidade fisiológica de sementes de Adesmia latifolia (Spreng.) Vog.

RESUMO - Considerando que a especie Adesmia latifolia (Spreng.) Vog. apresenta estabelecimento lento, aliado a dureza do tegumento de suas sementes, o que contribui para uma emergencia desuniforme, este trabalho teve como objetivo investigar os efeitos do condicionamento osmotico na qualidade fisiologica, avaliando-se a percentagem final e velocidade de germinacao, comprimento medio das plântulas e indices de materia fresca e materia seca das plântulas, em laboratorio e em canteiros. Para o condicionamento osmotico as sementes foram embebidas por dois dias em solucao de polietilenoglicol (200g/l)), aquecida a uma temperatura inicial de 70°C e posteriormente resfriada a 20°C. Alem da testemunha nao osmocondicionada, as sementes tambem foram colocadas em agua quente a 60°C e semeadas em canteiros, em linhas, num delineamento em blocos completamente casualizados, com quatro repeticoes de 40 sementes cada. As sementes osmocondicionadas de A. latifolia mostraram desempenho fisiologico superior (P<0,05) na percentagem final e na velocidade de germinacao, no comprimento medio das plântulas e nos indices de materia fresca e materia seca das plântulas tanto em canteiros, como em laboratorio. O condicionamento osmotico com aquecimento da solucao, alem de melhorar o desempenho das sementes de A. latifolia foi eficiente em superar a dormencia, nao sendo necessaria a utilizacao de metodos normalmente aplicados em leguminosas.
Ion Acoustic Solitons in a Plasma: A Review of their Experimental Properties and Related Theories

A review of experiments and theories on ion acoustic solitons is presented. Taking into account quadratic nonlinearity in the fluid equations leads to the Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation which predicts the existence of solitons. Experimental confirmation of their existence came with the availability of plasmas with large Te/Ti which allows us to minimize damping. However, the experimental datas on the dependency of Mach number vs. soliton amplitude clearly shows a discrepancy with the prediction of the KdV equation. The recent theories do include the effects of finite ion temperature and those due to the trapped electron population. The inclusion of nonlinearity of order higher than quadratic leads to the notion of dressed solitons the dynamic of which has been studied numerically. A discussion of other nonlinear equations describing ion acoustic waves will also be presented.
Low-energy behaviour of e–O scattering calculations

We report on calculations of low-energy e–O scattering using the R-matrix method. We compare cross sections for elastic scattering and excitation with experiment and recent theoretical values. We calculate elastic cross sections for the 3Pe ground state and cross sections for excitation to and between the 1De and 1Se states. We present detailed comparisons of elastic differential cross sections with experiment. We compare our approach using orthogonal orbitals with an approach using non-orthogonal orbitals. We investigate noticeable differences in results from different calculations towards the low-energy limit. We discuss the use of long-range polarization pseudostates and issues of convergence of results for an open-shell neutral atom for which exact target states are not available.
Original article: Antifungal activities of cinnamon oil against Rhizopus nigricans, Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium expansum in vitro and in vivo fruit test: Antifungal activities of cinnamon oil

Summary The postharvest pathogens such as R. nigricans, A. flavas and P. expansum are the causal agents of jujube or orange fruit, therefore, in vitro and in vivo antifungal activities of cinnamon oil to inactivate these fungi were investigated. Cinnamaldehyde is the main constituent of cinnamon oil. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of cinnamon oil against Rhizopus nigricans, Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium expansum were 0.64% (v/v), 0.16% (v/v) and 0.16% (v/v), respectively. The antifungal activity of cinnamon oil against A. flavus and P. expansum was stronger than that against R. nigricans and the activity was improved with increasing its concentration. In an in vivo study, cinnamon oil with concentrations of 2.0% (v/v) and 3.0% (v/v) showed complete control the growth of fungi in wound-inoculated Lingwu Long Jujube and Sand Sugar Orange fruits. These results revealed that cinnamon oil has a good potential to be as a natural antifungal agent for fruit applications.
Near-cathode region of a free-burning arc: a spectroscopic investigation

The cathode as an electron emitter possesses different modes of operation to maintain the current forced upon the discharge. We investigated spectroscopically the near-cathode region of a free-burning low-current argon arc operated at atmospheric pressure in order to measure the plasma parameters of that mode of operation that we call the blue-core mode. For better interpretation of the experimental data we applied a simple two-temperature model. As a result, we can describe the arc plasma up to 100 µm near the cathode surface.
Nurse practitioners’ inability to prescribe buprenorphine: Limitations of the Drug Addiction Treatment Act of 2000

Purpose: To identify the limitations of the Drug Addiction Treatment Act of 2000 (DATA 2000) and to discuss the merits of one possible solution: granting nurse practitioners (NPs) the authority to prescribe buprenorphine. Data sources: The DATA 2000 and related literature. Conclusions: Abuse of prescription opioid medications is a significant economic and public health burden. Buprenorphine is a highly effective medication that is used in the outpatient treatment of opioid‐dependent patients. However, the DATA 2000 permits only physicians to prescribe this medication, substantially reducing patient access to potentially life‐sustaining treatment. Implications for practice: Like diabetes and cardiovascular disease, addiction is a chronic condition that can be treated with lifestyle modifications, patient education, and appropriate medication. NPs are highly effective caregivers to patients with chronic disease. Granting NPs prescriptive authority for buprenorphine will improve access to treatment and patient outcomes. It will also enhance NP autonomy and authority, especially in states in which NPs practice independently.
Air Pollution Monitoring and Alarming System via Internet of Things

Air quality is the most tremendous thing for the life of people. According to a severe situation of air quality in Thailand, air pollution emerges from an internal combustion engine, construction, different transportation, forest fires, industrial production and so on. These lead to a health's problem, especially coronary heart disease and severe acute respiratory syndrome. For this reason, researchers have a notion to apply information technology to monitor and alarm state of air quality in a hazardous area. Internet of Things (IoT) is a network of smart sensors that can control and monitor things from anywhere over wireless communication and internet. Therefore, this research aims to propose air pollution monitoring and the alarming system powered by the internet of things technology. The smart box has been developed as a prototype to measure the level of air quality, dust, temperature, and humidity. It comprises of two important units including a microcontroller and related sensors. Data from sensors is collected and sent to the IoT cloud server over a wireless network. The Blynk mobile application is used to monitor and display real-time related data through the digital dashboard. Moreover, Blynk application is selected as a real-time notification system to the user provided that air pollution is greater than the standard level. The research results indicated that the developed smart box and mobile application can monitor and alarm the level of air quality effectively. Also, it is suitable to implement and apply in a smart city for the near future.
Molybdenum-gold proximity bilayers as transition edge sensors for microcalorimeters and bolometers

Mo/Au proximity bilayers as transition edge sensors (TESs) are promising candidates for low-temperature thermometry. The transition temperature of the bilayers can be easily tuned between 50 and 600 mK, yielding sensors which can be used in a variety of calorimetric and bolometric applications. With phase transition widths of less than 1 mK, Mo/Au TESs show very high temperature sensitivity (d(logR)/d(logT )~2500). Also, Mo/Au TESs show improved thermal and chemical stability compared to most other bilayer configurations. Fabrication issues and detector performance of Mo/Au TESs on Si3N4 membranes are discussed.
The dielectric properties of biological tissues: III. Parametric models for the dielectric spectrum of tissues

A parametric model was developed to describe the variation of dielectric properties of tissues as a function of frequency. The experimental spectrum from 10 Hz to 100 GHz was modelled with four dispersion regions. The development of the model was based on recently acquired data, complemented by data surveyed from the literature. The purpose is to enable the prediction of dielectric data that are in line with those contained in the vast body of literature on the subject. The analysis was carried out on a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. Parameters are given for 17 tissue types.
The periodic oscillations in the ENSO recharge—discharge oscillator model

A class of recharge—discharge oscillator model for the El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is considered. A stable limit cycle is obtained by transforming the ENSO model into the van der Pol-Duffing equation. We proved that there exists periodic oscillations in the ENSO recharge—discharge oscillator model.
Calculation of hole mobilities in relaxed and strained SiGe by Monte Carlo simulation

Hole mobilities in relaxed and strained undoped SiGe layers have been calculated with a one-dimensional self-consistent bipolar Monte Carlo simulation code. We have adopted a novel bandstructure model that incorporates strain effects in the alloy valence band. Both alloying and strain enhance the hole mobility compared with bulk Si and we find that alloy scattering is the dominant scattering mechanism. An alloy potential of 1.4 eV was obtained by matching our Monte Carlo data on drift mobilities to experimental Hall mobility measurements. Uncertainties in this value arise from scatter in the experimental data and a lack of detailed knowledge of the Hall factor.
Validación de las características definidoras del diagnóstico de enfermería Fatiga, en pacientes oncológicos

Correspondencia: Maria Isabel Pinto Coelho Gorini Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Escola de Enfermagem. Rua Sao Manoel, 963, Campus Saude Bairro Rio Branco CEP: 90620-110, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil E-mail: gorini@terra.com. br Este estudio tiene como objetivo validar las caracteristicas definidoras del diagnostico de enfermeria fatiga en pacientes adultos oncologicos. Se trata de un estudio transversal y descriptivo, en una perspectiva cuantitativa, del tipo validacion de contenido diagnostico. La recoleccion de datos fue realizada en un Hospital Universitario. Compusieron la muestra 35 enfermeros peritos. Para la recoleccion de datos, se utilizo un instrumento subdividido en cuatro partes. Los datos fueron analizados por estadistica descriptiva. Se anadio las caracteristicas definidoras Interaccion Social Perjudicada. No se encontro principales indicadores. Fueron identificados 15 caracteristicas definidoras como indicadores secundarios. Con media ponderada inferior a 0.50, se excluyeron cuatro CD’s. La caracteristica definidora Interaccion Social Perjudicada, anadido a los descritos por la NANDA-I despues de la revision de la literatura, fue validada con media ponderada de 0.71. Se concluyo que la subjetividad de las caracteristicas definidoras del diagnostico de enfermeria fatiga y la dificultad de los profesionales en reconocerlos influencio en la identificacion de este diagnostico.
2 Design of a New Development Methodology

This article is also available in German in print and via http://www. wirtschaftsinformatik.de: Dyckhoff H, Souren R, Elyas A (2011) Betriebstypenspezifische Referenzdatenmodelle strategischer Kennzahlensysteme der Entsorgungswirtschaft. Eine neue Entwicklungsmethodik für Branchenlösungen. WIRTSCHAFTSINFORMATIK. doi: 10.1007/s11576-011-0260-8. Electronic Supplementary Material The online version of this article (doi: 10.1007/s12599-011-0145-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Physiologische Bedeutung von Eisen. Essenziell und toxisch

Eisen ist das quantitativ bedeutendste Spurenelement im menschlichen Organismus und besitzt durch seine Beteiligung an einer Vielzahl biochemischer Reaktionen eine wichtige Bedeutung im Stoffwechsel. Traditionell gilt Eisen als kritischer Nährstoff, bei dem häufiger Mangelerscheinungen anzutreffen sind. Bei genauer Betrachtung wird allerdings deutlich, dass dies sehr differenziert betrachtet werden muss. Eine unzureichende Eisen-Versorgung ist zwar mit zahlreichen Nachteilen verbunden, aber seltener zu finden als früher angenommen. Umgekehrt scheint eine hohe Eisen-Zufuhr das Risiko für Coloncarcinome zu erhöhen. Einleitung Entsprechend ihres quantitativen Vorkommens im menschlichen Organismus werden Mineralstoffe definitionsgemäß in Mengenund Spurenelemente unterteilt. Bei Mengenelementen liegt der Gehalt über 50 mg/kg Körpergewicht, bei Spurenelementen darunter. Mit einer Konzentration von 50 bis 60 mg/kg Körpergewicht liegt Eisen an der Schwelle zwischen beiden Stoffgruppen; traditionell und auch aufgrund seiner Funktionen wird es den Spurenelementen zugerechnet. Eisen ist in der Natur weit verbreitet und mit einem Anteil von 5,63 % das vierthäufigste Element der Erdkruste. Dass der Mineralstoff für fast alle Lebeweisen essenziell ist, ist seit langem bekannt und hat zusammen mit der hohen Prävalenz von Mangelerscheinungen dazu geführt, dass Eisen zu den am besten untersuchten Mikronährstoffen beim Menschen zählt. Gleichermaßen bedeutsam ist allerdings die Toxizität des Schwermetalls.
Subversion of innate immune responses by bacterial hindrance of NF-κB pathway.

Summary Bacterial infections cause substantial mortality and burden of disease globally. Induction of a strong innate inflammatory response is the first common host mechanism required for elimination of the invading pathogens. The host transcription factor, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) is essential for immune activation. Conversely, bacterial pathogens have evolved strategies to interfere directly with host cell signalling by regulating or mimicking host proteins. Given the key role of NF-κB in the host inflammatory response, bacteria have expectedly developed virulence effectors interfering with NF-κB signalling pathways. In this review, we explore the bacterial mechanisms utilized to prevent effective NF-κB signalling, which in turn usurp the host inflammatory response.