Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predictive controller considering electrical constraints: a case example for five‐phase induction machines

The modern control of power drives involves the consideration of electrical constraints in the regulator strategy, including voltage/current limits imposed by the power converter and the electrical machine, or magnetic saturation due to the iron core. This issue has been extensively analysed in conventional three-phase drives but rarely studied in multiphase ones, despite the current interest of the multiphase technology in high-power density, wide speed range or fault-tolerant applications. In this paper, a generalised controller using model-based predictive control techniques is introduced. The proposal is based on two cascaded predictive stages. First, a continuous stage generates the optimal stator current reference complying with the electrical limits of the drive to exploit its maximum performance characteristic. Then, a finite-control-set predictive controller regulates the stator current and generates the switching state in the power converter. A five-phase induction machine with concentrated windings is used as modern high-performance drive case example. This is a common multiphase drive that can be considered as a system with two frequency-domain control subspaces, where fundamental and third harmonic currents are orthogonal components involved in the torque production. Experimental results are provided to analyse the proposed controller, where optimal reference currents are generated and steady/transient states are studied.
Unified Second-Stage LC Filter Applied in the Three-State Switching Cell Buck–Boost Converter: Static and Dynamic Analysis and Experimentation

This paper presents a unified second-stage LC filter applied in the three-state switching cell buck–boost converter, which provides current and voltage with low ripple and low noise. The unified second-stage filter promotes a reduction in the number of devices while maintaining the filtering performance of the converter, with second-stage LC filters at the input and at the output. Moreover, the unified filter, when associated with a three-state switching cell buck–boost converter, allows a size reduction of filter devices, especially for designs with duty cycle range around 1/2. Furthermore, the unified filter arrangement provides nondissipative clamping of switching devices and reduce the system order when compared to the converter with second-stage LC filters. In this paper, the static and dynamic characteristics of the proposed converter in continuous conduction mode (CCM) are reported. Experimental data were obtained from a laboratory prototype with an input range of 32$\sim$72 V, constant output of 48 V, a load of 150 W, and switching frequency of 45 kHz. The measured efficiency for the rated load was 97% for maximum input voltage. A comparison of the size and performance of the proposed filter with the topology that uses second-stage LC filters at the input and at the output is also presented.
Periodic and almost-periodic potentials in inverse problems

An updated and detailed survey of basic ideas of the finite-gap theory is presented. That theory, developed to construct periodic and quasi-periodic solutions of the soliton equations, combines the Bloch-Floquet spectral theory of linear periodic operators, the theory of completely integrable Hamiltonian systems, the classical theory of Riemann surfaces, and theta-functions.
Balanced‐to‐unbalanced power dividers for arbitrary power division ratios and forarbitrary real termination impedances

Novel balanced-to-unbalanced power divider (BUPD) is introduced for arbitrary power division ratios and for arbitrary real termination impedances. It consists of one 180° transmission-line section (TL), two different 90° TLs and one isolation circuit comprising two different resistances and two different 90° TLs. Due to the arbitrary termination impedances, the conventional ways for the even- and odd-mode excitation analyses are impossible, requiring a new design method. Under the assumption of the perfect isolation between two output ports, the BUPD can be divided into two, based on which the design formulas for the characteristic impedances of all the TLs can be successfully derived. Then, the scattering parameters are inversely derived, which is quite different from the conventional ways where the design formulas are derived based on the scattering parameters. For the verification of the suggested theory, one prototype for the power division ratio of 5 dB and for the termination impedances of 60, 40 and 50 Ω is tested. The measured frequency responses are in good agreement with the predicted ones.
Specular Highlight Detection from Endoscopic Images for Shape Reconstruction

Endoscopy provides a convenient way to access the inner structures of various organs. The endoscopic images provide an immediate observation and help diagnosis and therapy. Shape reconstruction from endoscopic images further provides real scale factor for image-guided navigation. However, specular highlights, bright patches of light appearing on the imaged surface, mask the real image texture and result in erroneous reconstruction. Therefore, the detection of specular highlights is essential for accurate reconstruction. In this study, we divide the images into homogeneous regions by color quantization and spatial segmentation. Then, a thresholding technique based on histogram of the pixel intensity values is used. Finally, we check the gray level consistency for each region to avoid over segmentation. The experimental results show that the proposed method can achieve successfully detection.
A permutation-based correction for Pearson's chi-square test on data with an imputed complex outcome / A modified EM algorithm for contingency table analysis with missing data

Studies on human subjects often yield missing data, making progress in this field of inherent public health relevance. Here, two statistical methods are proposed for the analysis of discrete data with missing values. First, when one variable is subject to missingness, it was noted the application of Pearson’s chi-square test to singly-imputed data undermines the variability due to imputation, leading to a type-I error rate larger than the nominal level. This research concerns Pearson’s test on data with an imputed complex outcome, where one of its components suffers from missing values. Imputation in this context may be performed either directly through conditional imputation of the complex outcome given covariates, or indirectly through conditional imputation of its missing component given the covariates and the other, observed component. Although the latter imputation scheme is shown to be more efficient, an existing adjustment method cannot be extended to this scenario due to the lack of independence amongst the variables constituting the complex outcome. As a result, a novel permutation-based correction method for Pearson’s test is proposed. Simulation studies indicate it provides the nominal rejection rate under the null. Second, a modification of the expectation maximization (EM) algorithm for the analysis of discrete data with missing values is presented. In general, the update in the M-step requires either knowing or modeling the missing-data mechanism. However, misspecification of this mechanism may lead to biased estimates of model parameters. Given consistent initial estimates of the parameters (which may be obtained from an external, complete data set, or by recalling a random sample of subjects), the target function is approximated in the M-step with empirical estimates, allowing for unbiased estimation without specification or modeling of the often intangible missing-data mechanism. Simulation studies show this modified algorithm yields consistent estimates potentially more efficient than the initial estimates, even under non-ignorable missingness.
Studying Dark Energy with Supernovae: Now, Soon, and the Not-Too-Distant Future

The nature of the mysterious dark energy is one of the key questions at the intersection of cosmology and string theory—or any fundamental-physics theory. Although dark energy is apparently the dominant constituent of the universe, it is extremely difficult to detect, let alone measure its properties in detail. Our primary route is to measure its effect on the expansion history of the universe; we use Type Ia supernovae as direct indicators of the relative scale of the universe at each moment in history when such a supernova explosion occurred that we can study. The current generation of supernova-measurement projects now in progress are advancing our knowledge of the time-average behavior of dark energy, but we are faced with a daunting challenge when we seek to make a measurement precise—and accurate—enough to distinguish the different dark energy theories by their predictions for the changes in the dark energy's properties over cosmic time. I here highlight some of the recent results and upcoming advances in our approaches to measuring, analyzing, and identifying details of the supernova explosions—including a new satellite design—that are aimed at putting this tantalizing measurement within our grasp.
The lubrication approximation for thin viscous films: the moving contact line with a 'porous media' cut-off of van der Waals interactions

We consider the effect of a second-order 'porous media' term on the evolution of weak solutions of the fourth-order degenerate diffusion equation ht=- Del . (hn Del Delta h- Del hm) in one space dimension. The equation without the second-order term is derived from a 'lubrication approximation' and models surface tension dominated motion of thin viscous films and spreading droplets. Here h (x,t) is the thickness of the film, and the physical problem corresponds to n=3. For simplicity, we consider periodic boundary conditions which has the physical interpretation of modelling a periodic array of droplets. In a previous work we studied the above equation without the second-order 'porous media' term. In particular we showed the existence of non-negative weak solutions with increasing support for 0<n<3 but the techniques failed for n>or=3. This is consistent with the fact that, in this case, non-negative self-similar source-type solutions do not exist for n>or=3. In this work, we discuss a physical justification for the 'porous media' term when n=3 and 1<m<2. We propose such behaviour as a cut off of the singular 'disjoining pressure' modelling long range van der Waals interactions. For all n>0 and 1<m<2, we discuss possible behaviour at the edge of the support of the solution via leading order asymptotic analysis of travelling wave solutions. This analysis predicts a certain 'competition' between the second- and fourth-order terms. We present rigorous weak existence theory for the above equation for all n>0 and 1<m<2. In particular, the presence of a second-order 'porous media' term in the above equation yields non-negative weak solutions that converge to their mean as t to infinity and that have additional regularity. Moreover, we show that there exists a time T* after which the weak solution is a positive strong solution. For n>3/2, we show that the regularity of the weak solutions is in exact agreement with that predicted by the asymptotics. Finally, we present several numerical computations of solutions. The simulations use a weighted implicit-explicit scheme on a dynamically adaptive mesh. The numerics suggest that the weak solution described by our existence theory has compact support with a finite speed of propagation. The data confirms the local 'power law' behaviour at the edge of the support predicted by asymptotics.
Supersymmetric quantum theory, non-commutative geometry and gravitation

A package construction which comprises a tubular ball tee, a ball bat telescopically received in the ball tee, a ball and a pair of straps for releasably retaining the ball at one end of the tee. The straps are further utilizable as a base structure for holding the tubular tee in a vertical position such that the ball may be placed on the upper end of the upstanding tee, the bat being used by a player to hit the ball from the tee.
Coherent transport in coupled quantum wires assisted by surface acoustic waves

In this work we present a simulation of the coherent evolution of electrons in two coupled quantum wires assisted by surface acoustic waves. The system under study has recently been proposed as a model for a solid-state realization of quantum gates. A quantum NOT transformation and an electron beam splitter have been numerically simulated. Results show that the surface acoustic waves improve the functionality of the device by preventing the spreading of the electron wavefunction and reducing undesired reflection effects.
Cross sections and angular distributions of the photoelectron correlation satellites of the Xe atom

A theoretical and experimental study of the behaviour of the correlation satellites arising during 5s photoionization of xenon is presented. Many-body perturbation theory and configuration-interaction techniques have been applied to calculate the wavefunctions of the Xe II ionic states. An expression for the angular distribution parameter of the photoelectrons taking into account final-ionic-state configuration interaction is derived. Photoionization cross sections and angular distribution parameters were calculated for the 5s main line and the majority of the satellite lines and compared with our high-resolution measurements and earlier lower resolution measurements. The differences in the angular distribution parameter dependence on the photon energy for the 5s main line and satellites were analysed in terms of their origin. The most important mechanisms are: interference of several photoionization channels characterizing different orbital momenta of the photoelectron, the mixture of terms with different total orbital momenta in the final ionic state, and the dependence of the photoelectron wavefunctions on the total momentum of the photoelectrons.
Combining topological clustering and multidimensional scaling for visualizing large data sets

We present a new strategy for dimensionality reduction which address the performance issues created by large data sets. It relies on the self-organizing map algorithm to perform topological pre-clustering, and on a spring model to achieve metric multidimensional scaling. By taking advantage of the distinct properties of these two methods, we provide a framework which can flexibly balance between qualityand speed-on-demand. Our approach permits the exploration of large data sets and delivers an intuitive frame of reference to the user.
Ansiedade e depressão em cirurgia cardíaca: diferenças entre sexo e faixa etária

Objetivo: Verificar a relacao dos sintomas de ansiedade e depressao com o sexo e a idade de pacientes em pre-operatorio de primeira cirurgia cardiaca. Metodos: Estudo correlacional, transversal, com 84 participantes. Utilizada a Escala Hospitalar de Ansiedade e Depressao. Realizado o teste t de Student para amostras independentes (sexo), ANOVA (idade agrupada) e analises de regressoes lineares, com nivel de significância de 5%. Resultados: As mulheres apresentaram mais sintomas de ansiedade e de depressao, com maiores medias e diferencas estatisticamente significantes (p = 0,007 e p = 0,001). Na analise de regressao, o sexo foi significativo no modelo (p = 0,011). Considerando-se a idade, as diferencas encontradas em relacao a presenca desses sintomas nao foram estatisticamente significantes, tanto na ANOVA quanto na regressao. Conclusao: As mulheres apresentaram mais sintomas de ansiedade e de depressao no pre-operatorio de cirurgias cardiacas. Esses dados devem ser considerados pelos enfermeiros ao elaborarem os planos de educacao do paciente cirurgico.
Histogram Characterization of Colored Textures Using One- Dimensional Moments and Chromaticity Diagram

We develop a new histogram characterization method of colored textures, in order to recognize and classify them. This approach is simultaneously based on the use of the chromaticity diagram and the one-dimensional geometric moments. In the chromaticity diagram, we calculate the 1D distribution of wavelengths and purity factors. Then, color signature of image is done by means of 1D geometric moments computed on these two histograms and on gray-level one. Texture classification with images of database ‘‘marbleandgranite.com’’ is performed and confirms the validity of this approach.
Applications of interval methods to parameter set estimation from bounded-error data

i Abstract Parameter estimation plays an important role in numerous engineering areas such as function estimation, system identiication for the design of control systems, pattern recognition systems, equalization of communication channels, and artiicial neural networks. In each of these applications, parametric models are used to either emulate an unknown system, perform a speciic task within the system, or mitigate anomalies caused by uncertainty. Conventional estimation methods are often used to compute the parameters so that the mean-squared error between the model output and the desired response is minimized. A robust approach to the estimation problem is possible when the error between the parametric model and the desired response is bounded. This approach, called parameter set estimation, seeks to nd the feasible set of parameters consistent with all observed data and error bounds. Often, the structure of the feasible set is too complicated for an exact description. Therefore, set-membership methods based on simple structures, such as ellipsoids and axis-aligned orthotopes (boxes), are used to bound the feasible set. This dissertation presents a novel recursive method for computing axis-aligned orthotopic bounds on the set of feasible parameters for bounded-error problems using rigorous interval methods. Algorithms for both linear and nonlinear estimation problems are presented and the beneets of the approach are demonstrated via computer simulated engineering applications. An additional by-product of this research is a constructive algorithm for generating radial basis function neural networks that meet a priori error bounds on the training data. ii Acknowledgments According to the ancient Chinese philosopher, Lao-tzu, \A journey of a thousand miles must begin with a single step. " My father has a similar expression for tasks that appear insurmountable, \The way to eat an elephant is one bite at a time. " Indeed this task has appeared insurmountable and could not have been done alone. To that end, I would like recognize the many people who provided necessary support and guidance along the way. Perhaps, I should let the inevitable transformation to fatherhood take place and thank the people who helped me eat this elephant. I must express my most sincere gratitude to the Society of Jesus and faculty at Marquette University for providing an atmosphere conducive to advanced learning. Many I am most thankful for the invaluable love, time, and support provided by my family. I would like to thank my mother and father, Rita and Alfred Kelnhofer; my wife's parents, Kathy and Terry Nelson; …
Rippling instability of shock waves in radiation magnetohydrodynamics

The rippling instability of magnetic shock waves in a relativistically hot plasma with photon gas has been investigated. Conditions under which spontaneous amplification of surface ripples on the discontinuity occurs, are obtained. The rippling instability may cause the condensation of the plasma number density as well as the magnetic field behind the shock wave.
Antioxidant capacity and sustainability of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells exposed to ozone

Aim. The investigation of response of S. cerevisiae cells to the effect of ozone in different doses and determination of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of these cells. Methods. TAC was estimated with the chemiluminescent method when introducing ozone into S. cerevisiae cells. The damage of cells was determined by the methods of fluorescent microscopy and flow cytometry using fluorescent dye Square-460. Results. It was shown that under the ozone dosed administration into the S. cerevisiae cells suspension the chemiluminescence flash occurred in response to each new ozone doze. The flash amplitude slightly changes under low doses and decreases after achieving some total ozone dose, being characteristic for these cells. At the same time the damaged cells appear, the number of which augments with increasing the administered ozone dose. Conclusions. We assessed the TAC of S. cerevisiae cells, as the ozone dose, which may be neutralized by the systems of their antioxidant protection: 240 ± 20 nmol/10 6 cells. The S. cerevisiae cells are resistant to the effect of excessive ozone until its doses exceed the TAC value for these cells.
Interatomic Potentials from First-Principles Calculations: The Force-Matching Method

We present a new scheme to extract numerically “optimal” interatomic potentials from large amounts of data produced by first-principles calculations. The method is based on fitting the potential to ab initio atomic forces of many atomic configurations, including surfaces, clusters, liquids and crystals at finite temperature. The extensive data set overcomes the difficulties encountered by traditional fitting approaches when using rich and complex analytic forms, allowing to construct potentials with a degree of accuracy comparable to that obtained by ab initio methods. A glue potential for aluminium obtained with this method is presented and discussed.
Burnside structures of finite subgroups

We establish conditions guaranteeing that a group possesses the following property: there is a number such that if elements , of generate a finite subgroup then lies in the normalizer of . These conditions are of a quite special form. They hold for groups with relations of the form which appear as approximating groups for the free Burnside groups of sufficiently large even exponent . We extract an algebraic assertion which plays an important role in all known approaches to substantial results on the groups of large even exponent, in particular, to proving their infiniteness. The main theorem asserts that when is divisible by 16, has the above property with .
A new approach to cosmological perturbations in f(R) models

We propose an analytic procedure that allows to determine quantitatively the deviation in the behavior of cosmological perturbations between a given f(R) modified gravity model and a ΛCDM reference model. Our method allows to study structure formation in these models from the largest scales, of the order of the Hubble horizon, down to scales deeply inside the Hubble radius, without employing the so-called “quasi-static” approximation. Although we restrict our analysis here to linear perturbations, our technique is completely general and can be extended to any perturbative order.