Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Propagation of transverse intensity correlations of a two-photon state

The propagation of transverse spatial correlations of photon pairs through arbitrary first-order linear optical systems is studied experimentally and theoretically using the fractional Fourier transform. Highly correlated photon pairs in an Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen-like state are produced by spontaneous parametric down-conversion and subject to optical fractional Fourier transform systems. It is shown that the joint detection probability can display either correlation, anticorrelation, or no correlation, depending on the sum of the orders $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ and $\ensuremath{\beta}$ of the transforms of the down-converted photons. We present analytical results for the propagation of the perfectly correlated EPR state and numerical results for the propagation of the two-photon state produced from parametric down-conversion. We find good agreement between the theory and experiment.
The Smith Cloud: A High-Velocity Cloud Colliding with the Milky Way

New 21 cm H I observations made with the Green Bank Telescope show that the high-velocity cloud known as the Smith Cloud has a striking cometary appearance and many indications of interaction with the Galactic interstellar medium. The velocities of interaction give a kinematic distance of 12.4 ± 1.3 kpc, consistent with the distance derived from other methods. The Cloud is >3 × 1 kpc in size, and its tip at (l, b) ≈ 39°, –13° is 7.6 kpc from the Galactic center and 2.9 kpc below the Galactic plane. It has >106 M☉ in H I. Its leading section has a total space velocity near 300 km s−1, is moving toward the Galactic plane with a velocity of 73 ± 26 km s−1, and is shedding material to the Galaxy. In the absence of drag, the Cloud will cross the plane in about 27 Myr. The Smith Cloud may be an example of the accretion of gas by the Milky Way that is needed to explain certain persistant anomalies in Galactic chemical evolution.
Quantitative Analysis of Lower Limb Motion in Parkinson’s Disease Based on Inertial Sensors

This study proposed a wearable inertial motion capture (Mocap) method for Parkinson’s lower limb motion reconstruction and analysis. To eliminate the error accumulation caused by sensor noise, the error state Kalman filter is used for attitude estimation. The inertial Mocap method proposed in this study is compared with the OptiTrack system to verify the motion tracking effect. The accuracy of different phase-detection methods is compared, and the highest recognition accuracy is 99.11% using the long short-term memory (LSTM) method. In addition, this study collected subjects in healthy control (HC), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and freezing of gait (FOG) groups for comparative analysis. The experimental results revealed differences in motion characteristics and kinematics between PD and healthy subjects. Thus, the quantitative analysis results can be used as an important reference for the clinical application of PD.
Microphotonic Forces From Superfluid Flow

In cavity optomechanics, radiation pressure and photothermal forces are widely utilized to cool and control micromechanical motion, with applications ranging from precision sensing and quantum information to fundamental science. Here, we realize an alternative approach to optical forcing based on superfluid flow and evaporation in response to optical heating. We demonstrate optical forcing of the motion of a cryogenic microtoroidal resonator at a level of 1.46 nN, roughly one order of magnitude larger than the radiation pressure force. We use this force to feedback cool the motion of a microtoroid mechanical mode to 137 mK. The photoconvective forces demonstrated here provide a new tool for high bandwidth control of mechanical motion in cryogenic conditions, and have the potential to allow efficient transfer of electromagnetic energy to motional kinetic energy.
Status of the James Webb Space Telescope Observatory

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is the largest cryogenic, space telescope ever built, and will address a broad range of scientific goals from first light in the universe and re-ionization, to characterization of the atmospheres of extrasolar planets. Recently, significant progress has been made in the construction of the observatory with the completion of all 21 flight mirrors that comprise the telescope’s optical chain, and the start of flight instrument deliveries to the Goddard Space Flight Center. In this paper we discuss the design of the observatory, and focus on the recent milestone achievements in each of the major observatory sub-systems.
Topologically non-trivial superfluid phases and Majorana fermions from Kohn-Luttinger effect

Spin-triplet p-wave superfluids of single-species (or spin-polarized) fermionic atoms is a topological superfluid. In 2D such a superfluid supports zero-energy topological Majorana fermion excitations in order parameter defects such as vortices and sample edges. In 3D these superfluids support topologically protected Dirac points in the bulk spectrum and flat surface Majorana arcs. Despite the promise, creating a spin-triplet p-wave single-species fermionic superfluid either from direct p-wave Feshbach resonance or indirectly from the recently proposed artificial spin-orbit and Zeeman couplings can be technologically challenging. Here we show that such topological superfluids can be far more simply created by using the Kohn-Luttinger effect applied to two species of spin-polarized fermions with a density imbalance. We discuss how the topological Majorana excitations of the resulting superfluids can be identified using recently-developed experimental techniques.
RECONSTRUCTING EMISSION FROM PRE-REIONIZATION SOURCES WITH COSMIC INFRARED BACKGROUND FLUCTUATION MEASUREMENTS BY THE JWST

We present new methodology to use cosmic infrared background (CIB) fluctuations to probe sources at 10 ≲ z ≲ 30 ? > from a James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)/NIRCam configuration that will isolate known galaxies to 28 AB mag at 0.5–5 μm. At present significant mutually consistent source-subtracted CIB fluctuations have been identified in the Spitzer and AKARI data at ∼2–5 μm, but we demonstrate internal inconsistencies at shorter wavelengths in the recent CIBER data. We evaluate CIB contributions from remaining galaxies and show that the bulk of the high-z sources will be in the confusion noise of the NIRCam beam, requiring CIB studies. The accurate measurement of the angular spectrum of the fluctuations and probing the dependence of its clustering component on the remaining shot noise power would discriminate between the various currently proposed models for their origin and probe the flux distribution of its sources. We show that the contribution to CIB fluctuations from remaining galaxies is large at visible wavelengths for the current instruments precluding probing the putative Lyman-break of the CIB fluctuations. We demonstrate that with the proposed JWST configuration such measurements will enable probing the Lyman-break. We develop a Lyman-break tomography method to use the NIRCam wavelength coverage to identify or constrain, via the adjacent two-band subtraction, the history of emissions over 10 ≲ z ≲ 30 ? > as the universe comes out of the “Dark Ages. ” We apply the proposed tomography to the current Spitzer/IRAC measurements at 3.6 and 4.5 μm, to find that it already leads to interestingly low upper limit on emissions at z ≳ 30 ? > .
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA SEGREGAÇÃO DE OUTRAS ATIVIDADES ECONÔMICAS AUTÔNOMAS NO RECOLHIMENTO DA CONTRIBUIÇÃO PREVIDENCIÁRIA AO INSS DO PRODUTOR RURAL PESSOA JURÍDICA E O PLANEJAMENTO TRIBUTÁRIO

O objetivo do estudo de caso foi analisar o impacto tributário de uma possível alteração do regime de recolhimento da contribuição social previdenciária patronal de um produtor rural pessoa jurídica do ramo avícola em relação à incidência sobre o faturamento ou a folha de pagamento pela oportunidade de vender excedente de ração da produção própria. Para tanto, levantou-se os dados contábeis tanto da demonstração de resultado como da folha de pagamento da empresa para simular eventual desenquadramento tributário do atual recolhimento da contribuição social sobre o faturamento passando a recolher sobre a folha de pagamento em comparação a possíveis ganhos com a oportunidade de comercialização de excedente de ração e análise de planejamento tributário. Apesar da possibilidade de agregar valor com essa atividade adicional de venda de sobrante de ração, os impactos tributários com possível alteração de regime de recolhimento da contribuição social, se mostraram relevantes.
Asteroseismology of KIC 11754974: A high-amplitude SX Phe pulsator in a 343-d binary system

The candidate SX Phe star KIC 11754974 shows a remarkably high number of combination frequencies in the Fourier amplitude spectrum: 123 of the 166 frequencies in our multifrequency fit are linear combinations of independent modes. Predictable patterns in frequency spacings are seen in the Fourier transform of the light curve. We present an analysis of 180 d of short-cadence Kepler photometry and of new spectroscopic data for this evolved, late A-type star. We infer from the 1150-d, long-cadence light curve, and in two different ways, that our target is the primary of a 343-d, non-eclipsing binary system. According to both methods, the mass function is similar, f (M) = 0.0207 ± 0.0003M⊙. The observed pulsations are modelled extensively, using separate, state-of-the-art, time-dependent convection (TDC) and rotating models. The models match the observed temperature and low metallicity, finding a mass of 1.50-1.56M⊙. The models suggest that the whole star is metal poor, and that the low metallicity is not just a surface abundance peculiarity. This is the best frequency analysis of an SX Phe star, and the only Kepler δ Sct star to be modelled with both TDC and rotating models. © 2013 The Authors Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society.
Tail Wags Dog’s SINE: Retropositional Mechanisms of Can SINE Depend on Its A-Tail Structure

Simple Summary The genomes of higher organisms including humans are invaded by millions of repetitive elements (transposons), which can sometimes be deleterious or beneficial for hosts. Many aspects of the mechanisms underlying the expansion of transposons in the genomes remain unclear. Short retrotransposons (SINEs) are one of the most abundant classes of genomic repeats. Their amplification relies on two major processes: transcription and reverse transcription. Here, short retrotransposons of dogs and other canids called Can SINE were analyzed. Their amplification was extraordinarily active in the wolf and, particularly, dog breeds relative to other canids. We also studied a variation of their transcription mechanism involving the polyadenylation of transcripts. An analysis of specific signals involved in this process allowed us to conclude that Can SINEs could alternate amplification with and without polyadenylation in their evolution. Understanding the mechanisms of transposon replication can shed light on the mechanisms of genome function. Abstract SINEs, non-autonomous short retrotransposons, are widespread in mammalian genomes. Their transcripts are generated by RNA polymerase III (pol III). Transcripts of certain SINEs can be polyadenylated, which requires polyadenylation and pol III termination signals in their sequences. Our sequence analysis divided Can SINEs in canids into four subfamilies, older a1 and a2 and younger b1 and b2. Can_b2 and to a lesser extent Can_b1 remained retrotranspositionally active, while the amplification of Can_a1 and Can_a2 ceased long ago. An extraordinarily high Can amplification was revealed in different dog breeds. Functional polyadenylation signals were analyzed in Can subfamilies, particularly in fractions of recently amplified, i.e., active copies. The transcription of various Can constructs transfected into HeLa cells proposed AATAAA and (TC)n as functional polyadenylation signals. Our analysis indicates that older Can subfamilies (a1, a2, and b1) with an active transcription terminator were amplified by the T+ mechanism (with polyadenylation of pol III transcripts). In the currently active Can_b2 subfamily, the amplification mechanisms with (T+) and without the polyadenylation of pol III transcripts (T−) irregularly alternate. The active transcription terminator tends to shorten, which renders it nonfunctional and favors a switch to the T− retrotransposition. The activity of a truncated terminator is occasionally restored by its elongation, which rehabilitates the T+ retrotransposition for a particular SINE copy.
Efficacy of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy Mediated by Photosensitizers Conjugated with Inorganic Nanoparticles: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is a method that does not seem to promote antimicrobial resistance. Photosensitizers (PS) conjugated with inorganic nanoparticles for the drug-delivery system have the purpose of enhancing the efficacy of aPDT. The present study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy of aPDT mediated by PS conjugated with inorganic nanoparticles. The PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, SciELO, and Lilacs databases were searched. OHAT Rob toll was used to assess the risk of bias. A random effect model with an odds ratio (OR) and effect measure was used. Fourteen articles were able to be included in the present review. The most frequent microorganisms evaluated were Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, and metallic and silica nanoparticles were the most common drug-delivery systems associated with PS. Articles showed biases related to blinding. Significant results were found in aPDT mediated by PS conjugated with inorganic nanoparticles for overall reduction of microorganism cultured in suspension (OR = 0.19 [0.07; 0.67]/p-value = 0.0019), E. coli (OR = 0.08 [0.01; 0.52]/p-value = 0.0081), and for Gram-negative bacteria (OR = 0.12 [0.02; 0.56/p-value = 0.0071). This association approach significantly improved the efficacy in the reduction of microbial cells. However, additional blinding studies evaluating the efficacy of this therapy over microorganisms cultured in biofilm are required.
Management of Idiopathic Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in a Patient in Trinidad: A Case Report

Abnormal elevation in pulmonary arterial blood pressure without secondary causes is Idiopathic Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (IPAH). It is imperative to establish this diagnosis because IPAH often progresses to right heart failure (RHF) and death without treatment. Right heart catheterization is the standard gold test for diagnosing pulmonary hypertension (PH); however, echocardiography is a susceptible sensitive test and the best non-invasive test. The overall management of IPAH involves supportive measures, conventional therapy, and, pending availability, PAH-targeted therapy. Upon review of the literature, there were no published case reports on IPAH in Trinidad and Tobago. We describe a case of IPAH presented at Apley Medical Centre Limited, Trinidad and Tobago, in the West Indies, emphasizing contemporary management, including using the Implantable Delivery Systems (IDS) for Remodulin injection.
What enables elite athletes to maintain vigour during a pandemic? The importance of personal resources in coping with stress

The purpose of the study was to establish the relationship between the level of vigour during the first wave of the COVID -19 pandemic and selected personal resources for coping with stress : sense of coherence, hope for sucess and coping strategies. Participants of research were 57 individual sports players have been preparing for the Olympic Games in Tokyo, including 29 women and 28 men (aged 18 to 39 (M = 26.61, SD = 5.562). Methods: in the study conducted in April 2020, the following questionnaires were used: Profile of Mood State (POMS), The Hope for Success Questionnaire (HSQ), The Life Orientation Questionnaire (SOC- 29), The Inventory for Measuring Coping with Stress (Mini COPE). Results: Significant relationshipp between vigour and two components of the sense of coherence were established: the sense of meaningfullness (r=0.566; p<0.001) and the sense of manageability (r=0.478; p<0,001), both dimensions of hope for success: willpower (r=0.485; p<0.001) and the ability to find sulutions (r=0.49; p = 0.001), helplessness strategy (r = -0.456; p <0.001). ) Conclusions: Strong relationships between vigour and the components of the sense of coherence confirm its important role in coping with stress by athletes during a pandemic, especially in maintaining a positive mood. Maintaining vigour by the athletes of the elite is fostered by hope for success, understood as a personality disposition. Active stress management strategies can be an effective way to maintain positive effect during the stressful period of a pandemic. Helplessness, in turn, can lower its level.
Tumor-Targeted Polydopamine-Based Nanoparticles for Multimodal Mapping Following Photothermal Therapy of Metastatic Lymph Nodes

Purpose Lymphadenectomy with lymph node (LN) mapping is essential for surgical removal of solid tumors. Existing agents do not provide accurate multimodal mapping and antitumor therapy for metastatic LNs; therefore, we fabricated a polydopamine (PDA) nanoparticle (NP)-based tumor-targeted LN mapping agent capable of multimodal mapping and guided photothermal therapy (PTT) for metastatic LNs. Materials and Methods PDA NPs modified with polyethylene glycol (PEG) were obtained by polymerization under alkaline conditions. The PEG-PDA NPs were loaded with the circular tripeptide Arg-Gly-Asp (cRGD) to achieve tumor-targeting capacity and with the fluorescent dye IR820 and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast Gd(NH2)2 for in situ detection. The resulting cRGD-PEG-PDA@IR820/Gd(NH2)2 (cRGD-PPIG) NPs were tested for their biosafety and metastatic LN mapping ability. They were drained specifically into LNs and selectively taken up by gastric MKN45 cells via αvβ3 integrin-mediated endocytosis. Results This phenomenon enabled MR/optical/near-infrared fluorescence multimodal metastatic LN mapping, guiding the creation of accurate and highly efficient PTT for gastric cancer metastatic LNs in mice. Conclusion In summary, we fabricated tumor-targeted cRGD-PPIG NPs with MR/optical/near-infrared fluorescence multimodal metastatic LN mapping capacity for surgery and efficient PTT guidance post-surgery.
Two-band conductivity of a FeSe 0.5 ?> Te 0.5 ?> film by reflectance measurements in the terahertz and infrared range

We report an infrared spectroscopy study of a 200 nm thick FeSe 0.5 ? > Te 0.5 ? > film grown on LaAlO3 with Tc = 13.7 K. We analyze the 20 K normal state absolute reflectance RN measured over a broad infrared range and the reflectance ratio RS/RN, RS being the superconducting state reflectance, measured at 6 K in the terahertz range down to 12 cm−1. We show that the normal state model conductivity is given by two Drude components, one of which much broader and intense than the other. In the superconducting state, we find that a gap Δ = 37 ± 3 cm−1 opens up in the narrow Drude band only, while the broad Drude band results to be ungapped, at least in the explored spectral range. Our results show that only a two-band model can coherently describe both normal and superconducting state data.
Analytical Framework for Facial Expression on Game Experience Test

Game experience testing, an essential process for developing and servicing high-quality games, aims to evaluate and improve the play experience from the user perspective. Previous game experience tests are usually held offline with recruited test participants. Participants play the game in a controlled environment, and their experiences are recorded and analyzed by domain experts. However, this process not only requires substantial resources in terms of time and cost but also misses momentary data that can infer the user’s experience directly and quantitatively, such as facial expressions or body gestures of the participants while playing the game. In this paper, we propose a framework that can automatically collect and analyze video data of participants in a remote environment. We designed various experiments to verify that the proposed framework can automatically collect and analyze facial data in a remote environment. The experimental results show that our framework can be applied in gaming experience tests for popular commercial games currently in service. This paper presents a pioneering work that applies the face analysis method to the commercial game development process, and its purpose is beyond that of a pure research work.
Electrical detection of spin precession in single layer graphene spin valves with transparent contacts

Spin accumulation and spin precession in single layer graphene are studied by nonlocal spin valve measurements at room temperature. The dependence of the nonlocal magnetoresistance on electrode spacing is investigated and the results indicate a spin diffusion length of ∼1.6 μm and a spin injection/detection efficiency of 0.013. Electrical detection of the spin precession confirms that the nonlocal signal originates from spin injection and transport. Fitting of the Hanle spin precession data yields a spin relaxation time of ∼84 ps and a spin diffusion length of ∼1.5 μm, which is consistent with the value obtained through the spacing dependence.
A note on the stability of an immiscible liquid layer in a porous medium

The Saffman-Taylor instability of a liquid layer is studied by the standard first-order perturbation method. The viscosity and density of the layer and the bounding fluids are assumed to be constant. Interfacial tension is taking into account. An expression for the rate of growth of perturbations at the interface is determined. Results obtained by previous analyses are shown to be particular cases of this solution. The reduction in the rate of growth of the perturbations due to the presence of the liquid layer is demonstrated.
Addressing antimicrobial resistance with the IDentif.AI platform: Rapidly optimizing clinically actionable combination therapy regimens against nontuberculous mycobacteria

Background: Current standard of care (SOC) regimens against nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) usually result in unsatisfactory therapeutic responses, primarily due to multi-drug resistance and antibiotic susceptibility-guided therapies. In the midst of rising incidences in NTM infections, strategies to develop NTM-specific treatments have been explored and validated. Methods: To provide an alternative approach to address NTM-specific treatment, IDentif.AI was harnessed to rapidly optimize and design effective combination therapy regimens against Mycobacterium abscessus (M. abscessus), the highly resistant and rapid growth species of NTM. IDentif.AI interrogated the drug interaction space from a pool of 6 antibiotics, and pinpointed multiple clinically actionable drug combinations. IDentif.AI-pinpointed actionable combinations were experimentally validated and their interactions were assessed using Bliss independence model and diagonal measurement of n-way drug interactions. Results: Notably, IDentfi.AI-designed 3- and 4-drug combinations demonstrated greater %Inhibition efficacy than the SOC regimens. The platform also pinpointed two unique drug interactions (Levofloxacin (LVX)/Rifabutin (RFB) and LVX/Meropenem (MEM)) that may serve as the backbone of potential 3- and 4-drug combinations like LVX/MEM/RFB, which exhibited 58.33±4.99 %Inhibition efficacy against M. abscessus. Further analysis of LVX/RFB via Bliss independence model pointed to dose-dependent synergistic interactions in clinically actionable concentrations. Conclusions: IDentif.AI-designed combinations may provide alternative regimen options to current SOC combinations that are often administered with Amikacin, which has been known to induce ototoxicity in patients. Furthermore, IDentif.AI pinpointed 2-drug interactions may also serve as the backbone for the development of other effective 3- and 4-drug combination therapies. The findings in this study suggest that this platform may contribute to NTM-specific drug development.