Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Delayed Right Ventricular Pacemaker Lead Perforation 9 Years After Implantation

Patient: Female, 79-year-old Final Diagnosis: Delayed right ventricular pacemaker lead perforation Symptoms: Dyspnea Clinical Procedure: — Specialty: Cardiac Surgery • Cardiology Objective: Rare disease Background: Cardiac perforation is a rare complication of cardiac implantable electronic devices, with a reported incidence ranging from 0.1% to 5.2%. Delayed perforation, defined as perforation occurring more than 1 month after implantation, is more uncommon. In this report, we present a case of cardiac perforation involving the right ventricle wall that occurred 9 years after pacemaker implantation. Case Report: A 79-year-old woman presented with symptoms of dyspnea and was subsequently admitted to a hospital. She had undergone pacemaker implantation for a complete atrioventricular block 9 years prior to the presentation. The patient had right ventricular failure to capture and a resultant complete atrioventricular block. Computed tomography imaging revealed that the right ventricular lead had clearly protruded outside the heart; however, no pericardial effusion was observed. When the patient underwent open surgical repair, the ventricular tined lead was noted to be traversing the right ventricular apex. Device interrogation revealed a sudden increase followed by a gradual decrease in the right ventricular pacing threshold over the course of 2 months, indicating that the lead had slowly traversed the right ventricular muscle before ultimately rupturing through it. Conclusions: This study described the case of a delayed right ventricular pacemaker lead perforation that occurred 9 years after implantation, which was managed via open surgical repair.
Phase control in atomic coherence

In this thesis, atomic coherence is used to enhance nonlinear optical processes in multi-level atoms. The multi-photon transitions are driven resonantly, and at the same time without absorptive losses, by using electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), thereby allowing the study of χ and χ nonlinearities using weak driving fields. The coherently modified probe beam(s) and the atom-radiated signal fields arising from fourand sixwavemixing (FWM and SWM) processes are measured in the spectral, temporal and spatial domains. In a three-level ladder-type atomic system, multiple peaks having spectral asymmetries are observed in the EIT window as well as in the FWM signal waveforms due to the diverse multiplicities of the participating atomic states. Using phase control tailored in the frequency domain, we demonstrate all-optical methods to control these spectral waveforms and discuss applications involving waveform-shaping and metrology. For the EIT study we demonstrate a switching of multiple dark peaks into bright peaks via phase-control of interferences in the underlying dark-states. In the FWM study we demonstrate all-optical spectral line shape symmetrization, linewidth narrowing and bandwidth switching. In a four-level inverted-Y-type atomic system, we drive and measure coexisting and phase-matched FWM and SWM signals. By using precision control of the relative phase and amplitude between these two processes of different nonlinear orders, we demonstrate phase coherence between them. First, a single-phase measurement is performed in the temporal and spatial domains, and the interferogram is used to measure the resonant frequency of the 5D5/25P3/2 atomic transition in Rb. Second, the method is extended to realize a capacity for twophase measurement. In this case, the spectral bandwidth of the signal is modified in order to
The synergy of tea tree oil nano-emulsion and antibiotics against multidrug resistant bacteria.

AIMS We determined the synergistic effects of tea tree essential oil nano-emulsion (nanoTTO) and antibiotics against multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria in vitro and in vivo. Then the underlying mechanism of action of nanoTTO was investigated. METHODS AND RESULTS Minimum inhibitory concentrations and fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) were determined. The transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and the expression of tight junction (TJ) protein of IPEC-J2 cells were measured to determine the in vitro efficacy of nanoTTO in combination with antibiotics. A mouse intestinal infection model evaluated the in vivo synergistic efficacy. Proteome, adhesion assays, quantitative real-time PCR, and scanning electron microscopy were used to explore the underlying mechanisms. Results showed that nanoTTO was synergistic (FICI ≤ 0.5) or partial synergistic (0.5 < FICI < 1) with antibiotics against MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria strains. Moreover, combinations increased the TEER values and the TJ protein expression of IPEC-J2 cells infected with MDR E. coli. The in vivo study showed that the combination of nanoTTO and amoxicillin improved the relative weight gain and maintained the structural integrity of intestinal barriers. Proteome showed that type 1 fimbriae D-mannose specific adhesin of E. coli was downregulated by nanoTTO. Then, nanoTTO reduced bacterial adhesion and invasion and inhibited the mRNA expression of fimC, fimG, and fliC, and disrupted bacterial membranes.
Meson Condensation and Holographic QCD

Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), which describes the strong nuclear force, is difficult to solve both analytically and numerically. We use a five-dimensional model of QCD motivated by the Anti-de Sitter/Conformal Field Theory (AdS/CFT) duality originally proposed by Maldacena. We discuss how this model and other variations in the literature represent chiral symmetry breaking, and test whether these models correctly reproduce chiral symmetry beyond leading order. We compare the predictions of two models, one which is correct to leading order, and another which is correct beyond leading order. The model correct to leading order does not properly predict the pion condensation phase transition, whereas the model with the correct beyond leading order qualitatively agrees with chiral perturbation theory in its description of pion condensation. Using these two models, we calculate certain observables and find agreement with experiment to within 15%.
BoHV‐1 affects abortion and progesterone in dairy cows Bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoHV‐1) seropositivity, progesterone levels and embryo loss of 30‐day‐old pregnant dairy cows in Zagros Industrial Dairy Farm in Shahrekord: Examination and analysis

Abstract Background Bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoHV‐1) is a serious disease with severe negative economic effects on the global cattle sector, especially in Iran. Objective This cross‐sectional study was carried out to examine the seroprevalence and associated risk factors of BoHV‐1 infection with progesterone levels and embryo death in 30‐day pregnant dairy cattle at Zagros Industrial Dairy Farm in Shahrekord, Iran. Methods Between December 2017 to February 2018, blood samples were obtained from 60 dairy cow herds. To determine whether BoHV‐1 was present, serum samples were examined using the ELISA for serum antibodies. To find progesterone (P4) in blood, the progesterone ELISA test was used. Results 96.7 % of sera tested positive for BoHV‐1 antibodies, according to the findings. Additionally, 60.34 % of blood samples that tested positive had an experience of abortion and significantly more inseminations that resulted in pregnancy, consistent with findings from other studies conducted in Iran and other nations. Conclusions Since this study is the first to document the risk factor for BoHV‐1 infection in Shahrekord, Iran, we could infer that the virus is extensively dispersed in this area.
Artificial Intelligence-Based Speech Analysis System for Medical Support

Purpose Prior research has indicated that stroke can influence the symptoms and presentation of neurogenic bladder, with various patterns emerging, including abnormal facial and linguistic characteristics. Language patterns, in particular, can be easily recognized. In this paper, we propose a platform that accurately analyzes the voices of stroke patients with neurogenic bladder, enabling early detection and prevention of the condition. Methods In this study, we developed an artificial intelligence-based speech analysis diagnostic system to assess the risk of stroke associated with neurogenic bladder disease in elderly individuals. The proposed method involves recording the voice of a stroke patient while they speak a specific sentence, analyzing it to extract unique feature data, and then offering a voice alarm service through a mobile application. The system processes and classifies abnormalities, and issues alarm events based on analyzed voice data. Results In order to assess the performance of the software, we first obtained the validation accuracy and training accuracy from the training data. Subsequently, we applied the analysis model by inputting both abnormal and normal data and tested the outcomes. The analysis model was evaluated by processing 30 abnormal data points and 30 normal data points in real time. The results demonstrated a high test accuracy of 98.7% for normal data and 99.6% for abnormal data. Conclusions Patients with neurogenic bladder due to stroke experience long-term consequences, such as physical and cognitive impairments, even when they receive prompt medical attention and treatment. As chronic diseases become increasingly prevalent in our aging society, it is essential to investigate digital treatments for conditions like stroke that lead to significant sequelae. This artificial intelligence-based healthcare convergence medical device aims to provide patients with timely and safe medical care through mobile services, ultimately reducing national social costs.
LncRNA PVT1 Confers Cisplatin Resistance of Esophageal Cancer Cells through Modulating the miR-181a-5p-Glutaminase (GLS) Axis

Abstract Esophageal carcinoma (ESCA) is one of the prevalent malignancies worldwide. Cisplatin (CDDP) is a conventional chemotherapy drug. However, the acquired cisplatin resistance limits its extensively clinical applications. In this study, the roles and underlying mechanisms of lncRNA PVT1 in cisplatin-resistant ESCA are investigated. PVT1 was significantly upregulated in ESCA patient specimens and cell lines. Higher PVT1 level was associated with a poor survival rate of ESCA patients. Silencing PVT1 effectively increased cisplatin sensitivity of ESCA cells. We established cisplatin-resistant ESCA cell line (EC109 CDDP Res) and detected that PVT1 and glutamine metabolism were remarkedly elevated in CDDP-resistant esophageal cancer cells. Bioinformatical analysis and luciferase assay illustrated that PVT1 sponged miR-181a-5p to form a ceRNA network, resulting in the downregulation of miR-181a-5p expression in ESCA cells. Glutaminase (GLS), which is a key enzyme in the glutamine metabolism, was identified and validated as a direct target of miR-181-5p in ESCA cells. Inhibiting glutamine metabolism effectively re-sensitized CDDP-resistant cells. Rescue experiments demonstrated that restoration of miR-181a-5p in PVT1-overexpressing CDDP-resistant ESCA cells successfully overcame the PVT1-promoted cisplatin resistance through targeting GLS. Summarily, our study revealed molecular mechanisms of the lncRNA PVT1-promoted cisplatin resistance in ESCA by modulating the miR-181a-5p-GLS axis.
Emergence of mRNA vaccines in the management of cancer

ABSTRACT Introduction mRNA vaccines have been developed as a promising cancer management. It is noted that specification of the antigen sequence of the target antigen is necessary for the design and manufacture of an mRNA vaccine. Areas covered The steps involved in preparing the mRNA-based cancer vaccines are isolation of the mRNA cancer from the target protein using the nucleic acid RNA-based vaccine, sequence construction to prepare the DNA template, in vitro transcription for protein translation from DNA into mRNA strand, 5’ cap addition and poly(A) tailing to stabilize and protect the mRNA from degradation and purification process to remove contaminants produced during preparation. Expert opinion Lipid nanoparticles, lipid/protamine/mRNA nanoparticles, and cell-penetrating peptides have been used to formulate mRNA vaccine and to ensure vaccine stability and delivery to the target site. Delivery of the vaccine to the target site will trigger adaptive and innate immune responses. Two predominant factors of the development of mRNA-based cancer vaccines are intrinsic influence and external influence. In addition, research relating to the dosage, route of administration, and cancer antigen types have been observed to positively impact the development of mRNA vaccine.
Survival From Birth Until Young Adulthood Among Individuals With Congenital Heart Defects: CH STRONG

BACKGROUND: Limited population-based information is available on long-term survival of US individuals with congenital heart defects (CHDs). Therefore, we assessed patterns in survival from birth until young adulthood (ie, 35 years of age) and associated factors among a population-based sample of US individuals with CHDs. METHODS: Individuals born between 1980 and 1997 with CHDs identified in 3 US birth defect surveillance systems were linked to death records through 2015 to identify those deceased and the year of their death. Kaplan-Meier survival curves, adjusted risk ratios (aRRs) for infant mortality (ie, death during the first year of life), and Cox proportional hazard ratios for survival after the first year of life (aHRs) were used to estimate the probability of survival and associated factors. Standardized mortality ratios compared infant mortality, >1-year mortality, >10-year mortality, and >20-year mortality among individuals with CHDs with general population estimates. RESULTS: Among 11 695 individuals with CHDs, the probability of survival to 35 years of age was 81.4% overall, 86.5% among those without co-occurring noncardiac anomalies, and 92.8% among those who survived the first year of life. Characteristics associated with both infant mortality and reduced survival after the first year of life, respectively, included severe CHDs (aRR=4.08; aHR=3.18), genetic syndromes (aRR=1.83; aHR=3.06) or other noncardiac anomalies (aRR=1.54; aHR=2.53), low birth weight (aRR=1.70; aHR=1.29), and Hispanic (aRR=1.27; aHR=1.42) or non-Hispanic Black (aRR=1.43; aHR=1.80) maternal race and ethnicity. Individuals with CHDs had higher infant mortality (standardized mortality ratio=10.17), >1-year mortality (standardized mortality ratio=3.29), and >10-year and >20-year mortality (both standardized mortality ratios ≈1.5) than the general population; however, after excluding those with noncardiac anomalies, >1-year mortality for those with nonsevere CHDs and >10-year and >20-year mortality for those with any CHD were similar to the general population. CONCLUSIONS: Eight in 10 individuals with CHDs born between1980 and 1997 survived to 35 years of age, with disparities by CHD severity, noncardiac anomalies, birth weight, and maternal race and ethnicity. Among individuals without noncardiac anomalies, those with nonsevere CHDs experienced similar mortality between 1 and 35 years of age as in the general population, and those with any CHD experienced similar mortality between 10 and 35 years of age as in the general population.
Impact of calcification on Murray law-based quantitative flow ratio for physiological assessment of intermediate coronary stenoses.

BACKGROUND To investigate the influence of coronary calcification on the diagnostic performance of Murray law-based quantitative flow ratio (μQFR) in identifying hemodynamically significant coronary lesions referenced to fractional flow reserve (FFR). METHODS A total of 571 intermediate lesions from 534 consecutive patients (66.1 ± 10.0 years, 67.2% males) who underwent coronary angiography and simultaneous FFR measurement were included. Calcific deposits were graded by angiography as none or mild (spots), moderate (involving ≤ 50% of the reference vessel diameter), and severe (> 50%). Performance of μQFR to detect functional ischemia (FFR ≤ 0.80) was evaluated, including diagnostic parameters and areas under the receiver-operating curves (AUCs). RESULTS The discrimination of ischemia by μQFR was comparable between none/mild and moderate/severe calcification (AUC: 0.91 [95% confidence interval: 0.88-0.93] vs. 0.87 [95% confidence interval: 0.78-0.94]; p = 0.442). No statistically significant difference was observed for μQFR between the two categories in sensitivity (0.70 vs. 0.69, p = 0.861) and specificity (0.94 vs. 0.90, p = 0.192). Moreover, μQFR showed significantly higher AUCs than quantitative coronary angiographic diameter stenosis in both vessels with none/mild (0.91 vs. 0.78, p < 0.001) and moderate/severe calcification (0.87 vs. 0.69, p < 0.001). By multivariable analysis, there was no association between calcification and μQFR-FFR discordance (adjusted odds ratio: 1.529, 95% confidence interval: 0.788-2.968, p = 0.210) after adjustment for other confounding factors. CONCLUSIONS μQFR demonstrated robust and superior diagnostic performance for lesion-specific ischemia compared with angiography alone regardless of coronary calcification.
SELECTION OF THE REGULARIZATION PARAMETER BY THE L-CURVE: APPLICATION IN GEOPHYSICAL TOMOGRAPHY

The main objective of exploration geophysics for hydrocarbons is to provide trustworthy images of the subsurface, which could indicate potential hydrocarbons reservoirs. Exploration seismology, better known as seismics is the applied geophysics area most employed for the subsurface imaging. And within seismics tomography was incorporated as a method of data inversion. In this work we use geophysical diffraction tomography where the input data is the scattered acoustic field measured at the receivers, and the velocity of the two dimensional medium is the inversion output. Since geophysical diffraction tomography is an ill-posed inverse problem, it is necessary to use some tool to reduce this deficiency. The tool that we choose is the regularization of the inverse problem by derivative matrices, known in the literature by several names, specially as Tiknonov regularization. Regularization has an input parameter with crucial role known as regularization parameter or factor, which choice is already a problem. The Lcurve was reintroduced in the literature of inverse problems by Hansen, and, in this work we use the L-curve for the selection of regularization factor in cross hole geophysical diffraction tomography. Two sets of simulations with synthetic data are presented, and the results validate the feasibility of this method.
Abuse and addiction in gabapentinoid drug users for neuropathic pain.

OBJECTIVE Gabapentinoids are gamma-aminobutyric acid analogue agents used in the treatment of neuropathic pain. They are increasingly being abused to achieve euphoric and dissociative effects. This study aimed to determine drug misuse/abuse and related factors in patients who used gabapentinoids for neuropathic pain. PATIENTS AND METHODS This study included 140 patients over the age of 18. Patients were excluded from the study if they had aphasia, dementia, or diseases that led to aphasia or cooperative and cognitive dysfunction. They were also excluded if they lacked sufficient information about how long or at what dosage they had been using the drug. The Beck Depression Inventory and Beck Anxiety Inventory were used to evaluate depression and anxiety states. The patients' levels of drug abuse were determined according to the definitions provided in the terminology for misuse, abuse, and related events. RESULTS The mean age of the patients was 56.78 ± 14.45 years, and 52.1% of them were females. While 57.9% of the patients used pregabalin, 42.1% of the patients used gabapentin. For the median (min-max) of the dataset, the pregabalin dose was 300 (50-600) mg/day, and the gabapentin dose was 900 (300-2,400) mg/day. Abuse was present in 17.9% of the patients. Risk factors for gabapentinoid abuse were smoking, alcohol, and antidepressant use, anxiety and depression, living alone, and drug dose and duration of use. CONCLUSIONS Before prescribing drugs and managing the treatment process in a controlled manner, questioning patients about their risk factors can reduce the rate of abuse.
Complex adjacency matrix and energy of digraphs

The eigenvalues of a digraph are the eigenvalues of its adjacency matrix. If D is a digraph of order n with eigenvalues , then its energy is defined by . We give a new notion of energy of digraphs defined by and call it the iota energy of the digraph D. It is shown that the Coulson’s integral formula remains valid for iota energy. We also find the unicyclic digraphs with extremal iota energies among the class of unicyclic digraphs with a fixed order. Furthermore, it is shown that the iota energy is increasing over the set of n-vertex digraphs with cycles of length h, with respect to a quasi-order relation. We also generalize the increasing property of the energy over the set with respect to quasi-order relation.
Sensors based on Taper Device for Knot Configuration

This dissertation explores the study and development of optical fiber sensors based on tapers. The main objective is to explore and design new sensing structures, mainly interferometric and resonating structures based on tapers, for measuring refractive index and temperature with the possibility of performing simultaneous measurement of these two parameters. The dissertation starts with a synthesis of the advances in this area of optical fiber sensing, with a special focus on interferometric and resonating structures using tapers. The dissertation can be divided into two parts. The first part is the study and development of sensors based on a knot resonator structure. A Mach-Zehnder interferometer is fabricated based on a large knot fiber resonator structure using a taper with almost half the diameter of a single mode fiber. The principle of working of the structure is studied and a characterization in refractive index and temperature is performed. The incorporation of well-known devices, such as fiber Bragg gratings and Fabry-Perot cavities, in microfiber knot resonator structures is explored. A fiber Bragg grating is successfully embedded in the ring region of a microfiber knot resonator. The creation of a Fabry-Perot cavity in a microfiber knot resonator using focused ion beam milling is studied. Two alternative configurations are also presented. The first involves milling two small rips in a microfiber knot resonator creating a silica cavity, which was not explored in this dissertation. The second alternative is the creation of a cavity in the taper region next to the microfiber knot resonator structure. The device was fabricated and some preliminary results in terms of refractive index sensing were obtained. The second part of this dissertation is dedicated to the study of a fiber Bragg grating in an abrupt taper tip. The device is characterized in refractive index and temperature. In the end, some unexplored parts of this work are analyzed and some future lines of investigation are presented.