Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fluxos de Radiação e Energia em Caatinga Preservada e Cana-de-Açúcar no Semiárido

Resumo Objetivou-se comparar os fluxos de radiação e de energia entre uma área de caatinga preservada e um cultivo de cana-de-açúcar irrigada no Semiárido brasileiro. Para tanto, foram analisados os componentes dos balanços de radiação e de energia, os dados ambientais (umidade, temperatura do solo, e regime hídrico) e o índice de cobertura vegetal, entre junho de 2015 e maio de 2016. No centro de cada área foi instalada uma torre micrometeorológica equipada com sensores eletrônicos. Como resultados, constatou-se que as principais diferenças no balanço de radiação entre a caatinga e a cana-de-açúcar estão associadas ao albedo e a emissão de radiação de ondas longas pelas superfícies. O fluxo de calor sensível (H) foi sempre maior na caatinga, enquanto o fluxo de calor latente (LE) foi superior na cana-de-açúcar (p < 0,05). Na caatinga, as partições de energia para o H, LE e fluxo de calor no solo (G) foram 64%, 34%, e 2%, nessa ordem; enquanto na cana-de-açúcar, foi de 12% para o H, 85% para o LE e 3% para o G; com diferenças significativas entre as superfícies (p < 0,05). Essas diferenças podem acarretar modificações no clima local e/ou regional, logo, devem ser consideradas nos modelos de simulação hidrológicos e climáticos.
Software-Based Resolver-to-Digital Converter Using an α–β–γ Filter

The software-based resolver-to-digital converter (RDC) is cost-effective and widely used to obtain an angular position. Angle estimation is an essential procedure in an RDC, but conventional angle estimation methods face difficulties in parameter tuning and lack analysis of the parameters. To overcome these problems, a novel angle estimation method based on an <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\alpha $ </tex-math></inline-formula>–<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\beta $ </tex-math></inline-formula>–<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\gamma $ </tex-math></inline-formula> filter is proposed in this article, which only requires tuning one parameter. The performance measures to gauge the tracking ability, noise filtering strength, and transient response performance are derived. In addition, this article analyzes the impacts of nonideal characteristics when using the frequency-shifting technique. To suppress the impacts, an amplitude corrector is further proposed. Combined with the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\alpha $ </tex-math></inline-formula>–<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\beta $ </tex-math></inline-formula>–<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\gamma $ </tex-math></inline-formula> filter and the amplitude corrector, the proposed RDC has an excellent performance in terms of noise rejection, fast position response, and tracking ability. Experimental tests verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed RDC system.
Analisis Kepuasan Pengunjung Ekowisata Kabupaten Malang

This study aims to identify the factors that affect the satisfaction of ecotourism visitors Malang regency. The analytical tool used is to identify the factors that influence ecotourism performance using multiple regression analysis. The results of the analysis can be obtained the following conclusions: First, the influence of entertainment and supporting facilities are not significant indicate that the two variables are not the main determinant of visitor satisfaction as a representation of ecotourism performance. However, services and natural conditions are significantly more influential on ecotourism performance in Malang Regency. Secondly, the success of ecotourism is determined by management management as the result of analysis shows that service is the dominant variable in influencing visitor's satisfaction, so it needs synergy from all parties including government policy.
Dissolved Organic Matter Compositional Change and Biolability During Two Storm Runoff Events in a Small Agricultural Watershed

Agricultural watersheds are globally pervasive, supporting fundamentally different organic matter source, composition, and concentration profiles in comparison to natural systems. Similar to natural systems, agricultural storm runoff exports large amounts of organic carbon from agricultural land into waterways. But intense management of upper soil layers, waterway channelization, wetland and riparian habitat removal, and postharvest vegetation removal promise to uniquely drive organic matter release to waterways. During a winter first flush and a subsequent storm event, this study investigated the influence of a small agricultural watershed on dissolved organic matter (DOM) source, composition, and biolability. Storm water discharge released strongly terrestrial yet biolabile (23 to 32%) dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Following a 21 day bioassay, a parallel factor analysis identified an 80% reduction in a protein‐like (phenylpropyl) component (C2) that was previously correlated to lignin phenol concentration, and a 10% reduction in a humic‐like, terrestrially sourced component (C4). Storm‐driven releases tripled DOC concentration (from 2.8 to 8.7 mg L−1) during the first flush event in comparison to base flow and were terrestrially sourced, with an eightfold increase in vascular plant derived lignin phenols (23.0 to 185 μg L−1). As inferred from system hydrology, lignin composition, and nitrate as a groundwater tracer, an initial pulse of dilute water from the upstream watershed caused a counterclockwise DOC hysteresis loop. DOC concentrations peaked after 3.5 days, with the delay between peak discharge and peak DOC attributed to storm water hydrology and a period of initial water repellency of agricultural soils, which delayed DOM leaching.
Modeling Life Expectancy Improvement among Kuwaiti Population

Similar to other Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, Kuwait has experienced a tremendous decline in mortality rates in recent decades. During this time period, life expectancy increased only moderately. Positive socioeconomic changes caused by greater prosperity are believed to have greatly contributed to the increase in longevity of the Kuwaiti population. However, the extent to which each socioeconomic indicator has contributed to the decline in mortality among Kuwaitis should be identified and quantified. This study investigates the factors underlying the observed increase in Kuwaiti life expectancy using time-series data for specific socioeconomic variables from 1970 to 2014, and a linear model is then developed for life expectancy at birth. The results confirm that better literacy rate and more government expenditures on health care and greater caloric intake are important factors that contributed to the increase of life expectancy at birth among Kuwaitis. In addition, per capita GDP income produced mixed results in respect to the short and long runs. Modellizzazione dei miglioramenti nelle aspettative di vita nella popolazione del Kuwait Al pari di quanto accaduto negli altri paesi del Consiglio di Cooperazione del Golfo (GCC), anche nel Kuwait si e registrata un’importante diminuzione nei tassi di mortalita negli ultimi decenni. I positivi cambiamenti socio-economici causati dalla maggiore prosperita sono ritenuti una delle cause dell’aumento della longevita tra la popolazione del Kuwait. Questo studio esamina i fattori alla base di questo incremento nell’aspettativa di vita in Kuwait utilizzando dati time-series per variabili socioeconomiche specifiche nel periodo 1970-2014, sviluppando altresi un modello lineare per l’aspettativa di vita alla nascita. I risultati confermano che un maggior tasso di scolarizzazione, una maggior spesa pubblica destinata alla sanita e un’alimentazione piu calorica sono fattori importanti che hanno contribuito all’aumento dell’aspettativa di vita alla nascita in Kuwait. Inoltre, il PIL pro-capite ha dato risultati misti rispetto al breve ed al lungo periodo.
Cattle tick-borne pathogens sharing the same vectors in Benin and Burkina Faso: variations in prevalence and coinfection patterns

Understanding interactions between pathogens at the level of the individual host and the population in West Africa, may have noteworthy implications for predictions of diseases emergence and disease control programmes. Hence, the current study was aimed at investigating the interactions between Anaplasma marginale, Babesia bigemina and B. bovis in West African cattle. Twelve sentinel steers in each of the eight selected herds were randomly chosen to perform a one-year-long survey designed to monthly collect blood sample and to diagnose possible infections of the steers. This allowed identifying A. marginale as the most prevalent pathogen across the three surveyed regions (range: 0.60-1), followed by B. bigemina (0.24-0.85) and B. bovis (0.10-0.64); the same ranking order of the tick-borne pathogens was observed when considering the apparent duration of cattle infection. Regarding interaction patterns, mainly avoidance was revealed between A. marginale and B. bigemina and between B. bigemina and B. bovis. Such negative interaction seemed to be beneficial to the West African cattle surveyed, helping them to escape from babesiosis caused by B. bovis. Altogether, studied Boophilus tick-borne pathogens negatively interact within cattle in Benin and Burkina Faso. This pattern raises new questions regarding the underlying mechanisms and potential consequences.
Void bounds for fluid transport properties of sea ice

A plate for positioning a radiation test wipe in alignment with a sensor on a radiation monitoring instrument includes a recessed mounting area on the plate that conforms to the geometry of the wipe. Guide members on the plate slidably engage brackets attached to a back panel of the instrument. The plate is therefore removable and can slide into a position along the instrument where it contacts a slide stop integral to the brackets. This causes the test wipe to be aligned directly under the sensor to provide consistent readings.
Formulation of Fruit Seed-based Bioactive Compounds from Zanthoxylum armatum for Determining their Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity

Due to their ability to wipe out pathogens, botanical medicines have been historically used to effectively combat severe ailments throughout time immemorial. Furthermore, owing to the limitations of current medical approaches, investigators have begun looking into generating fresh formulations that have enhanced antioxidant and antimicrobial capabilities. These activities of combination generated from the fruit and seed of medicinal plants were collected in this investigation from different geographical areas for determining antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. One of the medicinal plants, i.e., Zanthoxylum armatum, belongs to the family Rutaceae and has medicinal values as mentioned in the literature. The objective of our study is to analyse the antimicrobial and antioxidant potential of formulations (fruits and seeds with different proportions) from district Bageshwar (location Shama Dura) against specific pathogens. In order to achieve the objective, fruits and seeds of Zanthoxylum armatum were examined through Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and estimated in vitro for their synergistic antibacterial potential against three pathogenic microorganisms: Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus using disc-diffusion assays. In addition, antioxidant activity was also performed using 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and estimating its phenolic and total flavonoid content. The results of these studies showed that the maximum zone of inhibition was observed in formulation (40:60; 9–11 mm), whereas the least was observed in formulation (20:80; 3–4 mm) against different bacterial strains. In addition, the formulated samples of fruit and seed combinations may have shown higher antioxidant activity (86.37%), total phenolic (416.2 mg GAE/g) and total flavonoid (166.4 mg rutin/g) content. In contrast, FTIR was used to detect the presence of functional groups in the formulated fruit and seed of Zanthoxylum armatum. According to the aforesaid finding, the formulation shows strong antibacterial and antioxidant action without compromising cell viability.
Local and Systemic Effects of Bioactive Food Ingredients: Is There a Role for Functional Foods to Prime the Gut for Resilience?

Scientific advancements in understanding the impact of bioactive components in foods on the gut microbiota and wider physiology create opportunities for designing targeted functional foods. The selection of bioactive ingredients with potential local or systemic effects holds promise for influencing overall well-being. An abundance of studies demonstrate that gut microbiota show compositional changes that correlate age and disease. However, navigating this field, especially for non-experts, remains challenging, given the abundance of bioactive ingredients with varying levels of scientific substantiation. This narrative review addresses the current knowledge on the potential impact of the gut microbiota on host health, emphasizing gut microbiota resilience. It explores evidence related to the extensive gut health benefits of popular dietary components and bioactive ingredients, such as phytochemicals, fermented greens, fibres, prebiotics, probiotics, and postbiotics. Importantly, this review distinguishes between the potential local and systemic effects of both popular and emerging ingredients. Additionally, it highlights how dietary hormesis promotes gut microbiota resilience, fostering better adaptation to stress—a hallmark of health. By integrating examples of bioactives, this review provides insights to guide the design of evidence-based functional foods aimed at priming the gut for resilience.
The Emergent Global Marketing Challenges For Kerala Cardamom Producers Vis-à-Vis The Role Of The Spices Board Of India

Aim/Purpose: This research paper attempts to deeply and rationally probe into the present situation, discussing the expected role of the Spices Board of India, which in 1987 started to function replacing the erstwhile Cardamom Board, where the focus was only on the Cardamom plantation sector and export development. Background Cardamom, the "Queen of Spices" is the third most expensive of the spices, next only to saffron and vanilla. The Cardamom Plantation and export development sector is now just one of the many focal points of expected action of promotional endeavors of the Spices Board of India. The cardinal problem is the 1990s market threat from Guatemala, which floods the market with Cardamom with cheaper prices, though it is qualitatively inferior to Indian green Cardamom. The second problem for Indian exports is that the higher cost of production coupled with increasing domestic market demand causes lower quantities for exports. Apart from the functional insufficiency of the Spices Board of India, in the view of the Cardamom farmers and secondary and tertiary market intermediaries, the present auction system, the scattered unorganized farming community at large, and other governmental promotional deficiencies together make the complexity of the present situation confounded. Methodology It was decided that conventional research methods, using structured survey methods and questionnaire, were not feasible or realistic as collecting data from a wide range of personnel vary from cardamom farmers to wholesalers to market intermediaries including exporters, extractors of oleo resin from cardamom proved arduous.
Calcifying organisms in changing shallow and deep marine environments

European Project of Ocean Acidification Research (EPOCA) which received funding from the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement no. 211384. Samtok Fyrirtaekja i Sjavarutvegi (SFS; e. Iceland Fisheries) funded the project. Additional funding were awarded by Landsvirkjun and Natturuverndarsjoður Palma Jonssonar.
Design and Implementation of an Extranet Web Application for Collaborative Education at the Faculty of Sciences and Techniques – Comoros

This paper presents an interactive e-learning web platform for the Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Comoros. This Extranet application replaces the manual Excel processing during session examination by proposing a fully automated programming application. The proposed platform helps to minimize errors that occur when using Excel manipulation, students’ interaction with the department, and waiting time before a response. The application leads also to a centralization of the results after deliberation and students can consult their detailed results over the different islands without having to come back to the campus. For the security of the developed platform, we used the well-known efficient agile method that allows us to facilitate task management during the process. The full platform was designed using the UML, and the implementation was done under object-oriented programming. The system was built using PHP, HTML, CSS, Symfony, JavaScript, and MySQL. For the Extranet considerations, all users are given a non-modifiable username and a unique password to access the application. During the testing period, the administration service was able to accept student requests such as reports and attestation, and scores claiming and students were automatically notified of the evolution of their requests.
Hyperspectral Image Classification via Multiscale Multiangle Attention Network

Hyperspectral images (HSIs) provide a large amount of spatial and spectral information to characterize ground objects. However, they also contain a lot of redundant information, which makes it difficult to extract complex local and global spatial–spectral features. Considering that HSIs present multiscale similarity and anisotropic image features, multiscale and multiangle information can be used to effectively model local and global features and reduce the complexity of self-attention. This article proposes a new multiscale multiangle attention network (MMAN) for HSI classification that models the internal relationship between image features at local and global scales. First, three spectral–spatial feature extraction modules (at different scales) are constructed to extract the low-level features of the image. These modules are first used by a 3-D convolutional layer for spectral feature extraction and then input to a 2-D convolutional layer for spatial feature extraction. Next, the serialized tokens are input to the multiangle attention module. Finally, the learnable labels are identified through a linear layer, and the features of different scales are fused through a fully connected layer to realize the classification of samples. Experimental results on four standard datasets show that the proposed exhibits comparable or superior classification performance than other state-of-the-art methods.
Change in Coherence of Interannual Variability of Summer Rainfall over the Western Pacific around the Early 2000s: Role of Indo-Pacific Ocean Forcing

AbstractThe observations show that the covariability between the western North Pacific (WNP) and the South China Sea (SCS) summer rainfall has experienced an obvious weakening since the early 2000s. During the period 1982–2003, the combined north Indian Ocean (NIO), central North Pacific (CNP), and central equatorial Pacific (CEP) sea surface temperature (SST) forcing results in a high coherence between the WNP and SCS summer rainfall variations via a zonally elongated anomalous lower-level cyclone over the western Pacific. During the period 2004–16, the Indian Ocean SST contribution is largely weakened, and the WNP rainfall variability is dominated by the enhanced Pacific SST forcing with an eastward retreated lower-level wind and rainfall anomalies, whereas the SCS rainfall variability is mainly associated with local air–sea interaction processes. The results obtained from observational analysis are supported by numerical experiments with atmospheric and coupled general circulation models. The change in.
Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia on Sleep Quality in Patients with Insomnia: A Meta-Analysis

Background: The relationship between sleep quality and sleep quantity is very close and has a significant impact on a person's sleep needs. If someone does not get enough sleep, then this will have an impact on the quality of their sleep, and vice versa. Therefore, maintaining a good quality of sleep is very important to maintain a healthy body and improve quality of life. The aim of the study was to analyze the effect of cognitive behavior therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) on sleep quality in insomnia patients. Subjects and Method: This study is a meta-analysis with PICO. Population: insomnia patients. Intervention: given cognitive behavior therapy for insomnia (CBT-I). Comparison: not given cognitive behavior therapy for insomnia (CBT-I). Outcome: sleep quality. The articles used in this study were obtained from five databases, namely PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. The keywords used to search for articles use the medical subject heading (MeSH) term and the emtree of the keywords "Insomnia" AND "Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Insomnia" AND "Sleep Quality". The articles used were full text in English from 2013 to 2023. Articles were selected using the 2021 PRISMA flowchart and analyzed using the RevMan 5.3 application. Results: A total of 10 randomized controlled trial study articles came from Iran, Canada, Spain, Texas, Korea, Kansas and the United States. The total sample size is 473 research subjects. Based on the analysis, insomnia patients who were given CBT-I therapy showed an average PSQI score of 1.88 units lower than those not given CBT-I (placebo), and the difference was statistically significant (SMD = -1.88; 95% CI = -2.55 to -1.22; p<0.001). Then insomnia patients who were given CBT-I showed an average PSQI score of 0.52 units lower than those given other insomnia therapies, and the difference was statistically significant (SMD= -0.52; 95% CI= -0.77 to -0.28; p <0.001) . Then when viewed as a whole, it shows that insomnia patients who are given CBT-I therapy on average have or show a PSQI score of 0.78 units lower than other therapies and without CBT-I therapy (placebo), and this difference is statistically significant (SMD= -0.78; 95% CI= -1.13 to -0.42; p < 0.001). Conclusion: Cognitive behavior therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) can improve sleep quality in insomnia patients (decrease the PSQI score). Keywords: insomnia, cognitive behavior therapy for insomnia, sleep quality. Correspondence: Cynthia Octaviani. Master's Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia. Email: Cynthia.octaviani14@gmail.com. Mobile: +6287812315855.