Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effect of nicotine on soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) expression in trophoblasts and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs)

Cigarette smoking is a unique factor known to reduce the risk of preeclampsia and serum soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) level is known to be decreased in smokers. In light of this, present study was performed to evaluate the effect of nicotine on the sFlt-1 expression in trophoblasts and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and to evaluate whether this effect is modulated by α 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor ( α 7 nAChR). The presence of α 7 nAChR in placenta, commercially available term placental trophoblasts- 3A cells, and HUVECs extracted from umbilical cord of normal pregnancy was confirmed by immunostaining, RT-PCR, and western blotting. pg/mL, 23.7 ± 2.0 pg/mL vs. 41.5 ± 3.1 pg/mL, and 32.1 ± 1.9 pg/mL vs. 57.4 ± 5.6 pg/mL, respectively, p<0.001). However, this was not evident in HUVECs. When α -bungarotoxin ( α -BGT), an antagonist for α 7 nAChR was pretreated in 3A cells, aforementioned sFlt-1 suppressive effect of nicotine dissipated. In conclusion, nicotine downregulated sFlt-1 production in trophoblasts via α 7 nAChR but not in HUVECs. And this mechanism may be involved in preeclampsia risk reduction in smokers and thus may provide a potential therapeutic target for alleviating or treating preeclampsia. sFlt-1
Potent and Selective Peptide-based Inhibition of the G Protein G (cid:2) q*

Thomas H. Charpentier, Gary L. Waldo, Emily G. Lowery-Gionta, Krzysztof Krajewski , Brian D. Strahl , Thomas L. Kash, T. Kendall Harden, and John Sondek From the Departments of Pharmacology and Biochemistry and Biophysics, High-Throughput Peptide Synthesis and Array Facility, and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
invited review Trafﬁcking and cell surface stability of ENaC

Trafﬁcking and cell surface stability of ENaC. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 281: F391–F399, 2001. —The epithelial Na 1 channel (ENaC) plays a key role in the regulation of Na 1 and water absorption in several epithelia, including those of the distal nephron, distal colon, and lung. Accordingly, mutations in ENaC leading to reduced or increased channel activity cause human diseases such as pseudohypoaldosteronism type I or Lid- dle’s syndrome, respectively. The gain of ENaC function in Liddle’s syndrome is associated with increased activity and stability of the chan- nel at the plasma membrane. Thus understanding the regulation of channel processing and trafﬁcking to and stability at the cell surface is of fundamental importance. This review describes some of the recent advances in our understanding of ENaC trafﬁcking, including the role of glycosylation, ENaC solubility in nonionic detergent, targeting signal(s) and hormones. It also describes the regulation of ENaC stability at the cell surface and the roles of the ubiquitin ligase Nedd4 (and ubiquitination) and clathrin-mediated endocytosis in that regulation. of channels proceed to trafﬁc to the Golgi apparatus, although so far there is no evidence for acquisition of complex glycosylation at that compartment. The mature ENaC at the cell surface (plas-ma membrane; PM) is an unstable pro- tein with a short half-life. Regulation of its stability at the plasma membrane is achieved by ubiquitination by Nedd4 and likely by clathrin-mediated endo- cytosis. So far, not much is known about recycling of ENaC to the cell surface.
Adaptable Pre-Distribution Scheme for Keys in Wireless Sensor Networks

-Key management is a challenging issue for Wireless Sensor Networks. One of the main concerns when designing a key management scheme is the network scalability.The protocol should support a large number of nodes to enable a large scale deployment of the network. A scalable key management scheme for WSNs should be adopted which provides a good secure connectivity coverage. For this purpose, the unital design theory is used. The basic mapping from unitals to key pre-distribution allows to achieve high network scalability but does not guarantee a high key sharing probability. Therefore, an enhanced unital-based key pre-distribution scheme is proposed.The proposed approach enhances the network scalability while providing high secure connectivity coverage and overall improved performance and reduces significantly the storage overhead compared to those of existing solutions.
Heart-type fatty acid-binding proteins (H-FABP): a reliable tool for initial risk stratiﬁcation of pulmonary embolism?

This editorial refers to ‘Heart-type fatty acid-binding protein permits early risk stratiﬁcation of pulmonary embolism’ by M. Puls et . , 224 The severity of pulmonary embolism (PE) ranges from asymptomatic to cardiogenic shock with corresponding short-term mortality between 2 and 95%. Whereas the former could be discharged early or managed entirely as outpatients using low-molecular-weight heparin, those with greater severity of PE require rapid echocardiography to evaluate for indications for immediate thrombolysis or embolectomy. 2,3 However, most patients with PE fall between these two extremes. Patients with PE who do not initially present with life-threatening criteria are usually admitted to a hospital ward where those with intermediate risk might experience a life-threatening recurrent episode requiring emergent thrombolysis PE is 4 dyspnoea, life-threatening and p2, tricuspid regurgitation murmur, or distended indicates acute right ventricular that is associated adverse short-term On the ECG, T -wave inversion or a pseudoinfarction pattern (QR) in the anterior precordial leads indicates right ventricular dilation and dysfunction and are associated with adverse clinical outcome. 5 Echocardiography has the principal tool for risk
Tracking Closely Related Enteric Bacteria at High Resolution in Fecal Samples of Premature 2 Infants Using a Novel rRNA Amplicon 3 Tracking Enteric Bacteria in Premature Infants

23 Identifying and tracking microbial strains as microbiomes evolve is a major challenge in the field 24 of microbiome research. Longitudinal microbiome samples of co-admitted twins from two 25 different neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) were analyzed using a ~2,500 base amplicon that 26 spans the 16S and 23S rRNA genes, and mapped to a new 16S-23S rRNA database. Amplicon 27 Sequence Variants inferred using DADA2 provided sufficient resolution for differentiation of 28 rRNA variants from closely related, but not previously sequenced Klebsiella , E. coli , and 29 Enterobacter , among the first bacteria colonizing the gut of these infants after admission to the 30 NICU. Distinct ASV groups (fingerprints) were followed between co-admitted twins over time, 31 demonstrating the potential to track the source and spread of both commensals and pathogens. 32 The high-resolution taxonomy obtained from long amplicon sequencing enable tracking of strains 33 temporally and spatially as microbiomes are established Enterobacter , and 187 E. coli genome entries in the Athena database. Each Klebsiella and Enterobacter genome ID contained up to eight contiguous 16S-23S gene pairs, E. coli contained up to seven, from which the sequences of the V4, V1-V3, V1-V9 and StrainID amplicons were extracted. A genome ID was considered unique if it contained either a unique amplicon, or a unique combination of amplicons. The percentage of uniquely identifiable genomes is shown on 1073 the y-axis, the taxonomy and amplicon type is shown on the x-axis.
Scaling rules for the ﬁnal decline to extinction

Space–time scaling rules are ubiquitous in ecological phenomena. Current theory postulates three scaling rules that describe the duration of a population’s ﬁnal decline to extinction, although these predictions have not previously been empirically conﬁrmed. We examine these scaling rules across a broader set of conditions, including a wide range of density-dependent patterns in the underlying population dynamics. We then report on tests of these predictions from experiments using the cladoceran Daphnia magna as a model. Our results support two predictions that: (i) the duration of population persistence is much greater than the duration of the ﬁnal decline to extinction and (ii) the duration of the ﬁnal decline to extinction increases with the logarithm of the population’s estimated carrying capacity. However, our results do not support a third prediction that the duration of the ﬁnal decline scales inversely with population growth rate. These ﬁndings not only support the current standard theory of population extinction but also introduce new empirical anomalies awaiting a theoretical explanation.
A Study of Diabetes Prevalence and its Risk Factors in the Medical College Faculty of Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh

Introduction : The population in India has an increased susceptibility to diabetes mellitus, in India there are 30-33 million diabetic cases, the prevalence of disease in adults was found to be 2.45 in Rural and 4 - 11.6% in urban dwellers. Objective : To estimate the high risk subjects by using Indian diabetes risk score for detecting undiagnosed diabetes/ risks in Medical faculty. Methodology : This is a cross-sectional (descriptive) study. Results : 300 respondents were interviewed, of these 234 (78%) were male and 66(22%) were females. According to the physical activity, majority of them 171(57%) belong to mild physical activity category. According to family history 96 (32%) were having history of diabetes in either parents. 24 (8%) of studied persons were known diabetics, according to IDRS scoring 66(22%) in high risk for diabetes, the high body mass index (>30) significantly increase the diabetes risk. Out of total known diabetic cases 15(62.5%) had high Indian diabetes risk score. Conclusion : This study provides a use of simplified Indian Diabetes Risk Score for identifying undiagnosed high risk for diabetic subjects in India. Simplified diabetes risk score, which has categorized the risk factors based on their severity. Use of the IDRS can make mass screening for undiagnosed diabetes in India more cost effective. 1). In all subjects, family history of diabetes was obtained and details on physical activities and various parameters were assessed using a validated questionnaire [6] . Waist measurements were measured by using standardized technique [7].
THE PROPERTIES OF Lyα NEBULAE: GAS KINEMATICS FROM NONRESONANT LINES

With the Very Large Telescope/X-shooter, we obtain optical and near-infrared spectra of six Lyα blobs at z ∼ 2.3. For a total sample of eight Lyα blobs (including two that we have previously studied), the majority (6/8) have broadened Lyα profiles with shapes ranging from a single peak to symmetric or asymmetric double-peaked. The remaining two systems, in which the Lyα profile is not significantly broader than the [O iii] or Hα emission lines, have the most spatially compact Lyα emission, the smallest offset between the Lyα and the [O iii] or Hα line velocities, and the only detected C iv and He ii lines in the sample, implying that a hard ionizing source, possibly an active galactic nucleus (AGN), is responsible for their lower optical depth. Using three measures—the velocity offset between the Lyα line and the nonresonant [O iii] or Hα line (ΔvLyα), the offset of stacked interstellar metal absorption lines, and a new indicator, the spectrally resolved [O iii] line profile—we study the kinematics of gas along the line of sight to galaxies within each blob center. These three indicators generally agree in velocity and direction and are consistent with a simple picture in which the gas is stationary or slowly outflowing at a few hundred km s−1 from the embedded galaxies. The absence of stronger outflows is not a projection effect: the covering fraction for our sample is limited to <1/8 (13%). The outflow velocities exclude models in which star formation or AGNs produce “super-” or “hyper”winds of up to ∼1000 km s−1. The ΔvLyα offsets here are smaller than typical of Lyman break galaxies but similar to those of compact Lyα emitters (LAEs). The latter suggests a connection between blob galaxies and LAEs and that outflow speed cannot be a dominant factor in driving extended Lyα emission. For one Lyα blob (CDFS-LAB14), whose Lyα profile and metal absorption line offsets suggest no significant bulk motion, we use a simple radiative transfer model to make the first column density measurement of gas in an embedded galaxy, finding it consistent with a damped Lyα absorption system. Overall, the absence of clear inflow signatures suggests that the channeling of gravitational cooling radiation into Lyα is not significant over the radii probed here. However, one peculiar system (CDFS-LAB10) has a blueshifted Lyα component that is not obviously associated with any galaxy, suggesting either displaced gas arising from tidal interactions among blob galaxies or gas flowing into the blob center. The former is expected in these overdense regions where Hubble Space Telescope images resolve many galaxies. The latter might signify the predicted but elusive cold gas accretion along filaments.
A Functional-Cognitive Framework for Attitude Research

In attitude research, behaviors are often used as proxies for attitudes and attitudinal processes. This practice is problematic because it conflates the behaviors that need to be explained (explanandum) with the mental constructs that are used to explain these behaviors (explanans). In the current article, we propose a meta-theoretical framework that resolves this problem by distinguishing between two levels of analysis. According to the proposed framework, attitude research can be conceptualized as the scientific study of evaluation. Evaluation is defined not in terms of mental constructs but in terms of elements in the environment, more specifically, as the effect of stimuli on evaluative responses. From this perspective, attitude research provides answers to two questions: (1) Which elements in the environment moderate evaluation? (2) What mental processes and representations mediate evaluation? Research on the first question provides explanations of evaluative responses in terms of elements in the environment (functional level of analysis); research on the second question offers explanations of evaluation in terms of mental processes and representations (cognitive level of analysis). These two levels of analysis are mutually supportive, in that better explanations at one level lead to better explanations at the other level. However, their mutually supportive relation requires a clear distinction between the concepts of their explanans and explanandum, which are conflated if behaviors are treated as proxies for mental constructs. The value of this functional-cognitive framework is illustrated by applying it to four central questions of attitude research.
Modeling Heart Failure Predictive Mortality in Skilled Nursing Facilities

MODELING HEART FAILURE PREDICTIVE MORTALITY IN SKILLED NURSING FACILITIES Stephen Biondi, MSN, RN Marquette University, 2020 Problem: Approximately 25% of skilled nursing facility (SNF) patients are diagnosed with heart failure (HF). The heart failure mortality trajectory is non-linear and there are no useable mortality models from clinical records for use by healthcare providers in the SNF setting. A mortality risk model for patients with HF is important so that palliative care interventions may be offered to improve patients’ quality of life during the end stages of dying. Assessment items captured routinely by the SNF Resident Assessment Instrument –Minimum Data Set 3.0 (RAI-MDS) instrument may be useful in identifying those patients whose declining condition warrants discussion of palliative care. Methodology: Data from 1827 eligible HF patient’s RAI-MDS assessments, who resided in Midwest SNFs during 2013-14, were investigated in a retrospective crosssectional exploratory method. Discrete survival analysis and logistic regression were used to determine which factors predict mortality so as to allow future creation of a model to prompt palliative care discussions. Results: Nine variables embedded in the RAI-MDS were selected based upon a literature review of HF mortality prediction models. Five of the nine variables demonstrated predictive hazard ratios (HR) in the SNF setting. These included readmission after hospitalization (HR 1.323), reduced renal function (HR 1.187), presence of dyspnea (HR 1.285), age 85 and older (HR 1.828), and having three or more diagnoses (HR 1.345). Not predictive were having diagnoses of diabetes or hypertension, being sixty-five to eighty-four years of age, and gender. Conclusions: The mortality predictors identified in this study may facilitate development of a HF mortality risk model specific to patients in SNFs. Such a model may be useful in making decisions regarding when to institute palliative care discussions with SNF patients and their families.
THE EFFECT OF CORE STABILITY EXERCISE (CSE) ON BALANCE IN PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

: There are many forms of exercise that can improve the quality of balance, either static or dynamic Core Stability Exercise (CSE) is one of them. Based on the explanation, this research intends to apply various forms of balance training to children who participate in various sports in primary school-age. The purpose of this research is to find out the effectiveness of CSE in supporting good body balance in children. This research employed an experimental research design. The population was the students of a primary school in Sumedang Regency, West Java. Random cluster sampling was used to select 60 primary school students with an average age of 10-11 years as the participants in this research. Moreover, Standing Stork Test – Blind was used as the measuring instrument to obtain objective data. The results showed that CSE significantly affected the balance of primary school students.
C-Terminal Domain Residues Important for Secretion and Attachment of RgpB in Porphyromonas gingivalis (cid:1)

Porphyromonas gingivalis , a periodontal pathogen, expresses a group of surface proteins with a common C-terminal domain (CTD) that are exported by a novel secretion system to the surface, where they are covalently attached. Using RgpB as a model CTD protein, we have produced a series of site-directed mutations in the CTD sequence at conserved residues and at residues that may be modiﬁed and, hence, surface attached. The mutant RgpB proteins were expressed in a P. gingivalis host lacking functional RgpB and RgpA Arg-speciﬁc proteases. The RgpB mutants produced were Y674F, Y674F Y718F, T675Q S679Q T682Q T684Q, T693Q, F695A, D696A, N698A, G699P, G716P, T724Q, T728Q T730Q, and K732Q and a protein with a deletion of residues 692 to 702 ( (cid:1) 692-702). The mutants were characterized for cell-associated Arg-speciﬁc protease activity and for cellular distribution using anti-Rgp antibodies and Western blotting of culture fractions. All the mutants exhibited cell-associated Arg-speciﬁc activity similar to that of the positive control except for the D696A and (cid:1) 692-702 mutants. For all mutants, except D696A and (cid:1) 692-702, the RgpB proteins were found modiﬁed and attached to the cell surface, which was the same proﬁle found in the positive-control strain. Only trace amounts of the precursor form of the (cid:1) 692-702 mutant were detected in the outer membrane, with none detected in the periplasm or culture ﬂuid although cell transcript levels were normal. The results suggest that residues 692 to 702 of the CTD, in particular, residue D696, have an important role in the attachment of RgpB at the cell surface and that without attachment secretion does not occur.
Genetics Association and Epigenetic Changes in COPD Genetics Association and Epigenetic Changes in COPD

Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have successfully identified susceptibil - ity loci associated with COPD. The genes mapped on these loci, eg The FAM13A gene (family with sequence similarity 13, member A), provide a new approach to understand the COPD pathology. Furthermore, heavy smoking is reported to correlate with altered methylation and epigenetic changes of multiple genes in small airway cells. These changes have been shown to be associated with the severity of COPD. It is likely that smoking-induced changes in epigenetic control of gene expression result in genetically vulnerable individual’s results in reduced tissue repair, tissue damage and persistent inflammation associated with COPD pathophysiology.
The Reaction Kinetics of Glutathione Capped Quantum Dots for the Detection of Hydrogen Peroxide

Glutathione capped cadmium tellurium quantum dot was investigated as the fluorescence probe for the detection of hydrogen peroxide. In this detection regime, we regard QDs as only the signal transducer for the pseudo first-order reaction between hydrogen peroxide and glutathione. In this way the relationship between the rate of QD fluorescence decay and the rate of change in hydrogen peroxide concentration during the reaction were established and experimentally validated. Hence, the rate constants for the reaction were evaluated. The application of kinetic measurement to chemical analysis was presented and the results were comparable to those obtained from normal measurement at equilibrium. Experimental data to