Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The PPP1R15 Family of eIF2-alpha Phosphatase Targeting Subunits (GADD34 and CReP)

The vertebrate PPP1R15 family consists of the proteins GADD34 (growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein 34, the product of the PPP1R15A gene) and CReP (constitutive repressor of eIF2α phosphorylation, the product of the PPP1R15B gene), both of which function as targeting/regulatory subunits for protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) by regulating subcellular localization, modulating substrate specificity and assembling complexes with target proteins. The primary cellular function of these proteins is to facilitate the dephosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 2-alpha (eIF2α) by PP1 during cell stress. In this review, we will provide a comprehensive overview of the cellular function, biochemistry and pharmacology of GADD34 and CReP, starting with a brief introduction of eIF2α phosphorylation via the integrated protein response (ISR). We discuss the roles GADD34 and CReP play as feedback inhibitors of the unfolded protein response (UPR) and highlight the critical function they serve as inhibitors of the PERK-dependent branch, which is particularly important since it can mediate cell survival or cell death, depending on how long the stressful stimuli lasts, and GADD34 and CReP play key roles in fine-tuning this cellular decision. We briefly discuss the roles of GADD34 and CReP homologs in model systems and then focus on what we have learned about their function from knockout mice and human patients, followed by a brief review of several diseases in which GADD34 and CReP have been implicated, including cancer, diabetes and especially neurodegenerative disease. Because of the potential importance of GADD34 and CReP in aspects of human health and disease, we will discuss several pharmacological inhibitors of GADD34 and/or CReP that show promise as treatments and the controversies as to their mechanism of action. This review will finish with a discussion of the biochemical properties of GADD34 and CReP, their regulation and the additional interacting partners that may provide insight into the roles these proteins may play in other cellular pathways. We will conclude with a brief outline of critical areas for future study.
Millimeter-Wave Gain-Enhanced Yagi–Uda Antenna Array With Third-Order-Mode Driven Dipole and Short Reflector

A millimeter-wave Yagi–Uda antenna comprising a third-order-mode driven dipole and a short reflector is proposed for gain enhancement. First, new design considerations for the director or reflector are proposed because of the reverse current along the third-order-mode driven dipole. Four schemes of the parasitic elements are analyzed when the driven dipole operates in the third-order mode. Then, a three-element Yagi antenna driven by the third-order-mode driven dipole with a short reflector as an example is designed. The measurement shows a maximum gain of 8.1 dBi over a −10 dB impedance bandwidth from 25.2 to 27.4 GHz (8.6%). After that, an array is formed using the proposed antenna. The investigation shows that compared with conventional basic-mode driven Yagi–Uda antenna arrays, the proposed third-order-mode driven Yagi–Uda antenna arrays achieve similar gains with a 40% reduction of the number of array elements. A two-element array operating at the third-order mode in the millimeter-waveband is fabricated and measured. The array gets a peak gain of 11.2 dBi, with measured $|\text {S}_{11} | < -10$ dB from 25.0 to 27.2 GHz (8.5%).
The Effects of Mist Cannon Trucks on Human Health and Reducing Dust

More and more attention has been paid to dust removal by Mist Cannon Trucks (MCT). It is necessary to study the effect and influencing factors of dust removal by MCT. This study discusses the effectiveness and hazards of using MCT to reduce airborne dust by conducting lead testing, color identification, pH testing, and chlorine testing on collected samples. The results show that dust can be significantly reduced by MCT, and the effect of fog cannon decreases with the increase of distance. The MCT is currently safe for pedestrians because it has very few corrosive and toxic substances, and the lead content is also very low, which is below the safe value. At the same time, the sprayed water captured a lot of dust compared to the water in the tank. The main harm to the human body is the excessive lead content in water.
Hot Weather Livestock Stress

During periods of high temperatures and humidity, livestock losses can occur from hot weather stress. Hot weather stress is particularly hazardous to closely confined livestock (those in feedlots, sorting and holding pens, trucks and rail cars). High relative humidity when the temperature is at 80 degrees or more adds to the likelihood of profit-stealing losses if necessary precautions are not taken. Missouri livestock producers can make their livestock handling and marketing plans flexible enough to take necessary precautions to reduce or eliminate livestock hot weather stress by following the Livestock Weather Hazard Guide.
Islam, civil society and social work; Muslim voluntary welfare associations in Jordan between patronage and empowerment

This dissertation analyzes the religious discourse and the social work practices of Muslim voluntary welfare associations in Jordan on the basis of civil society theory. The need to react to western political, economic as well as cultural hegemony gave rise to relatively dogmatic and fundamentalist Islamic currents in Muslim/Arab civil societies. However, repressive legislation and state policies limit voluntary welfare associations in their possibilities of political mobilization. The Jordanian Hashemite regime allows the existence of civil society forces only insofar as they contribute to the stability of prevalent sociopolitical order. This political impotence makes Muslim associations to pursue the strategy of giving expression to a set of sociocultural values derived from the Islamic sources as an alternative. The idea that helping the poor must be done for the sake of God rather then for one's self-interest is dominant among Islamist as well as among other Muslim NGOs. The Islamist ideology espoused by many Muslim associations calls for defending the integrity of Muslim society against the onslaught of western globalization and materialism. There are also more progressive Muslim NGOs whose main aim is the empowerment of the needy. They cooperate with non-Islamic development actors and promote more liberal interpretations of the Islamic message. In their educational activities, Muslim NGOs often express, in the name of Islam, criticism of the impact of western-dominated global culture in their society but also of traditional habits seen as hindrances to the development of modern Muslim societies. This comes most clearly to the fore in their discourse on gender. Muslim NGOs reinforce social networks and contribute to relatively autonomous social spheres in which also oppositional views can be expressed. They represent, therefore, a highly imperfect and frustrated but nevertheless real, changing and motivated civil society.
A systematic review on functional electrical stimulation based rehabilitation systems for upper limb post-stroke recovery

Background Stroke is one of the most common neurological conditions that often leads to upper limb motor impairments, significantly affecting individuals' quality of life. Rehabilitation strategies are crucial in facilitating post-stroke recovery and improving functional independence. Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) systems have emerged as promising upper limb rehabilitation tools, offering innovative neuromuscular reeducation approaches. Objective The main objective of this paper is to provide a comprehensive systematic review of the start-of-the-art functional electrical stimulation (FES) systems for upper limb neurorehabilitation in post-stroke therapy. More specifically, this paper aims to review different types of FES systems, their feasibility testing, or randomized control trials (RCT) studies. Methods The FES systems classification is based on the involvement of patient feedback within the FES control, which mainly includes “Open-Loop FES Systems” (manually controlled) and “Closed-Loop FES Systems” (brain-computer interface-BCI and electromyography-EMG controlled). Thus, valuable insights are presented into the technological advantages and effectiveness of Manual FES, EEG-FES, and EMG-FES systems. Results and discussion The review analyzed 25 studies and found that the use of FES-based rehabilitation systems resulted in favorable outcomes for the stroke recovery of upper limb functional movements, as measured by the FMA (Fugl-Meyer Assessment) (Manually controlled FES: mean difference = 5.6, 95% CI (3.77, 7.5), P < 0.001; BCI-controlled FES: mean difference = 5.37, 95% CI (4.2, 6.6), P < 0.001; EMG-controlled FES: mean difference = 14.14, 95% CI (11.72, 16.6), P < 0.001) and ARAT (Action Research Arm Test) (EMG-controlled FES: mean difference = 11.9, 95% CI (8.8, 14.9), P < 0.001) scores. Furthermore, the shortcomings, clinical considerations, comparison to non-FES systems, design improvements, and possible future implications are also discussed for improving stroke rehabilitation systems and advancing post-stroke recovery. Thus, summarizing the existing literature, this review paper can help researchers identify areas for further investigation. This can lead to formulating research questions and developing new studies aimed at improving FES systems and their outcomes in upper limb rehabilitation.
The Impact of Spatial Frequency on the Perception of Crowd Emotion: An fMRI Study

Recognizing the emotions of faces in a crowd is crucial for understanding overall behavior and intention as well as for smooth and friendly social interactions. However, it is unclear whether the spatial frequency of faces affects the discrimination of crowd emotion. Although high- and low-spatial-frequency information for individual faces is processed by distinct neural channels, there is a lack of evidence on how this applies to crowd faces. Here, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate neural representations of crowd faces at different spatial frequencies. Thirty-three participants were asked to compare whether a test face was happy or more fearful than a crowd face that varied in high, low, and broad spatial frequencies. Our findings revealed that fearful faces with low spatial frequencies were easier to recognize in terms of accuracy (78.9%) and response time (927 ms). Brain regions, such as the fusiform gyrus, located in the ventral visual stream, were preferentially activated in high spatial frequency crowds, which, however, were the most difficult to recognize behaviorally (68.9%). Finally, the right inferior frontal gyrus was found to be better activated in the broad spatial frequency crowds. Our study suggests that people are more sensitive to fearful crowd faces with low spatial frequency and that high spatial frequency does not promote crowd face recognition.
Acoustic far-field prediction of a controlled diffusion airfoil
 self-noise

— Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS) of the compress-ible flow over a Controlled Diffusion (CD) airfoil are conducted. To obtain far field predictions, the DNS are coupled to an acoustic solver based on the Ffowcs Williams & Hawkings formulation. The turbulent flow field at the vicinity of the trailing edge and its noise generation mechanisms is the object of study. The installation effects associated with wind tunnel conditions are included in the computations. Three noise sources have been found, the flow separation and reattachment, the interaction between the attached turbulent flow at the trailing edge and a secondary instability in the near wake.
L'espace de liberté comme mesure synthétique du développement territorial durable

By discussing the concept of development itself, authors propose two synthetic indexes relying on estimation of potential: Development Space Value and Development Space Creation Under the weak hypothesis that any successful development improves future possibilities, changes in potential are a good development measure. In their path, authors show how development space is tied with freedom: a shrink in it results mechanically in indexes fall. So, "sustainable" and "economic" become two sides of same piece rather than enemies. Reliable in simulations, the approach is to be tested in real conditions, to verify full data availability and to secure calculating methods.
Mixing and Transport

In order to truly understand the physics of environmental flow, one must understand the mixing and transport process. A better understanding of mixing and transport phenomena will in turn be crucial to predict the fate and transport of contaminants in environmental flows. The present review is intended to constitute and discuss the key points of the mixing and transport papers published in 2007. Many papers reviewed herein are grouped into general mixing and fluid dynamics, some active areas related to environmental fate and transport, riverine, lacustrine, estuarine and coastal systems and then into subfields within these categories.
An Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar Tropospheric Delay Correction Method Based on a Global Navigation Satellite System and a Backpropagation Neural Network: More Suitable for Areas with Obvious Terrain Changes

Atmospheric delay correction remains a major challenge for interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) technology. In this paper, we first reviewed several commonly used methods for tropospheric delay correction in InSAR. Subsequently, considering the large volume and high temporal resolution of global navigation satellite system (GNSS) station measurement data, we proposed a method for spatial prediction of the InSAR tropospheric delay phase based on the backpropagation (BP) neural network and GNSS zenith total delay (ZTD). Using 42 Sentinel-1 interferograms over the Los Angeles area in 2021 as an example, we validated the accuracy of the BP + GNSS method in spatially predicting ZTD and compared the correction effects of BP + GNSS and five other methods on interferograms using the standard deviation (StaD) and structural similarity (SSIM). The results demonstrated that the BP + GNSS method reduced the root-mean-square error (RMSE) in spatial prediction by approximately 95.50% compared to the conventional interpolation method. After correction using the BP + GNSS method, StaD decreased in 92.86% of interferograms, with an average decrease of 52.03%, indicating significantly better correction effects than other methods. The SSIM of the BP + GNSS method was lower in mountainous and high-altitude areas with obvious terrain changes in the east and north, exhibiting excellent and stable correction performance in different seasons, particularly outperforming the GACOS method in autumn and winter. The BP + GNSS method can be employed to generate InSAR tropospheric delay maps with high temporal and spatial resolution, effectively addressing the challenge of removing InSAR tropospheric delay signals in areas with significant terrain variations.
Summit of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet underlain by thick ice-crystal fabric layers linked to glacial–interglacial environmental change

Abstract Ice cores in Antarctica and Greenland reveal ice-crystal fabrics that can be softer under simple shear compared with isotropic ice. Owing to the sparseness of ice cores in regions away from the ice divide, we currently lack information about the spatial distribution of ice fabrics and its association with ice flow. Radio-wave reflections are influenced by ice-crystal alignments, allowing them to be tracked provided reflections are recorded simultaneously in orthogonal orientations (polarimetric measurements). Here, we image spatial variations in the thickness and extent of ice fabric across Dome A in East Antarctica, by interpreting polarimetric radar data. We identify four prominent fabric units, each several hundred metres thick, extending over hundreds of square kilometres. By tracing internal ice-sheet layering to the Vostok ice core, we are able to determine the approximate depth–age profile at Dome A. The fabric units correlate with glacial–interglacial cycles, most noticeably revealing crystal alignment contrasts between the Eemian and the glacial episodes before and after. The anisotropy within these fabric layers has a spatial pattern determined by ice flow over subglacial topography.
EXPLORING URBAN FUNCTIONAL ZONES BASED ON MULTI-SOURCE SEMANTIC KNOWLEDGE AND CROSS MODAL NETWORK

Abstract. The refined identification of urban functional zones can provide important basic data and decision-making basis for the formulation of urban spatial development planning, effective relaxation of urban spatial development planning, effective relaxation of urban functions, and optimal allocation of resource space. The multi-source spatiotemporal data represented by multi-source geographic data, social perception data, and thematic data have been widely used in various fields, providing new data sources for the refined identification of urban functional areas. However, there are significant differences in the data generation sources, collection methods, and storage organization formats of multi-source data. In this paper, we propose a method for exploring urban functional zones based on Multi-source Semantic knowledge and deep Coupling Model (MSCM). Our approach integrates information from multiple sources and incorporates the semantics of urban functional zones into a knowledge graph, enabling effective fusion and mining of multi-source data.This method can improve the credibility and precision of the results, providing a richer research perspective for refined urban functional zoning. The results of this paper have important theoretical value and practical significance for the construction of identification, labelling, and monitoring tools for engineering smart cities.
Integrated Approach for Enhanced EEG-Based Emotion Recognition with Hybrid Deep Neural Network and Optimized Feature Selection

- Emotion recognition through Electroencephalography (EEG) signals holds significant promise for a wide range of applications, from healthcare to human-computer interaction. This concept introduces a comprehensive approach to improve the accuracy and efficiency of EEG-based emotion recognition. It combines advanced signal processing techniques, hybrid feature selection methods and deep learning architectures, resulting in a robust and innovative framework. The proposed work begins with the preprocessing of EEG signals using an orthogonal wavelet filter. This filter offers exceptional flexibility in balancing the preservation of relevant emotional information and reducing unwanted interference. This initial step is critical in ensuring the processed EEG signals are optimally prepared for subsequent analysis. To capture the time-frequency representations of EEG signals, the Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) technique is applied. EMD is known for extracting complex, non-stationary features from EEG data, which are often critical for understanding emotional states. A key innovation in this concept is the hybrid feature selection approach. It combines the Chaotic Squirrel Search Algorithm (CSSA), which leverages chaos theory for optimization, with the Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA), a nature-inspired metaheuristic algorithm. This combination is designed to curate the feature set, retaining only the most discriminative elements for emotion classification. This process enhances the overall efficiency and accuracy of the classification task. For the final phase of emotion recognition, a novel hybrid deep learning architecture is employed. It combines an Attention-based Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN) with Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) networks. The CNN component is adept at automatically learning hierarchical features from EEG data, while the Bi-LSTM network captures temporal dependencies in the signals. Introducing attention mechanisms further refines the network’s ability to focus on salient features, improving the overall recognition performance. The resulting framework showcases a holistic approach to EEG-based emotion recognition, addressing challenges related to data preprocessing, feature selection, and deep learning model design.
Protease-Sensitive and -Resistant Forms of Human and Murine Alpha-Synucleins in Distinct Brain Regions of Transgenic Mice (M83) Expressing the Human Mutated A53T Protein

Human neurodegenerative diseases associated with the misfolding of the alpha-synuclein (aS) protein (synucleinopathies) are similar to prion diseases to the extent that lesions are spread by similar molecular mechanisms. In a transgenic mouse model (M83) overexpressing a mutated (A53T) form of human aS, we had previously found that Protein Misfolding Cyclic Amplification (PMCA) triggered the aggregation of aS, which is associated with a high resistance to the proteinase K (PK) digestion of both human and murine aS, a major hallmark of the disease-associated prion protein. In addition, PMCA was also able to trigger the aggregation of murine aS in C57Bl/6 mouse brains after seeding with sick M83 mouse brains. Here, we show that intracerebral inoculations of M83 mice with C57Bl/6-PMCA samples strikingly shortens the incubation period before the typical paralysis that develops in this transgenic model, demonstrating the pathogenicity of PMCA-aggregated murine aS. In the hind brain regions of these sick M83 mice containing lesions with an accumulation of aS phosphorylated at serine 129, aS also showed a high PK resistance in the N-terminal part of the protein. In contrast to M83 mice, old APPxM83 mice co-expressing human mutated amyloid precursor and presenilin 1 proteins were seen to have an aggregation of aS, especially in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus and striatum, which also contained the highest load of aS phosphorylated at serine 129. This was proven by three techniques: a Western blot analysis of PK-resistant aS; an ELISA detection of aS aggregates; or the identification of aggregates of aS using immunohistochemical analyses of cytoplasmic/neuritic aS deposits. The results obtained with the D37A6 antibody suggest a higher involvement of murine aS in APPxM83 mice than in M83 mice. Our study used novel tools for the molecular study of synucleinopathies, which highlight similarities with the molecular mechanisms involved in prion diseases.
Tingkat Pengetahuan Mahasiswa Non Kesehatan Universitas Airlangga Mengenai Ketepatan Penggunaan Antasida

Antasida merupakan obat yang sering digunakan sebagai pilihan terapi dispepsia. Obat antasida bekerja dengan mekanisme menetralkan asam lambung. Pengetahuan mengenai ketepatan penggunaan antasida berpengaruh terhadap tercapainya tujuan terapi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan mahasiswa non kesehatan Universitas Airlangga terhadap ketepatan penggunaan antasida. Penelitian ini dilakukan berdasarkan metode non random sampling dengan melakukan survei menggunakan instrumen kuesioner melalui Google Form. Sejumlah 141 responden dipilih menggunakan teknik accidental sampling. Analisis data dilakukan dengan cara pemberian skor terhadap jawaban responden (salah = 0 dan benar = 1). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebesar 65,25% responden memiliki pengetahuan yang baik dan sebesar 34,75% responden memiliki pengetahuan yang cukup terkait penggunaan antasida. Berdasarkan sumber informasi penggunaan antasida, sejumlah 47% responden menjawab dari keluarga, 45% dari internet, dan 40% dari dokter, sedangkan sisanya memperoleh informasi dari apoteker, teman, iklan di televisi, dan belum pernah memperoleh informasi. Upaya promosi kesehatan sangat penting dilakukan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan mahasiswa mengenai cara penggunaan antasida dengan tepat sehingga efek terapi akan lebih optimal.