Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A CMOS quadrature modulator for wireless communication IC

This brief presents a CMOS digital quadrature modulator, which is based on a CMOS digital modulator and a five-level digital-to-analog converter, for wireless communication IC. In the digital modulator, a circular shift register is used to produce a continuous sinusoidal wave with different phases. With this technique, the quadrature modulator has advantages in low power consumption, small area, and expansion capability.
A Multi-Level Knowledge Representation Technology Research in Oil Management System

Ontology combined with the development of computer technology in all fields initiated the research of construction and application for so-called domain ontology. This article starts with the issues of current computer technology in the oil exploration and development domain, provides a construction method of oil exploration and development domain ontology based on a multi-level business process,and divides the oil exploration and development domain into multistage business activity levels,and takes hydrocarbon prospect characterization as example and discusses a construction method for corresponding micro-ontology.
Editorial: A diversified outlook at the theory and practices of corporate governance

The recent issue of the Corporate Ownership and Control journal (volume 19, issue 1) covers the following key themes: accounting standards, corporate governance and social responsibility, public sector governance, financial management and firm performance. The authors represent a range of developed and developing countries, making this issue of the journal truly international.
Analysis and Design of Circular Shape Microstrip Antenna for Wireless Communication System

The circular microstrip antenna element is formed by radiating disk closely spaced above a ground plane. It is modeled as a cylindrical cavity with magnetic walls which can be resonant in the transverse magnetic modes. This circular shape microstrip antenna is analysed using cavity model and fields within the cylindrical cavity, radiation pattern and resonant frequency have been calculated. In this paper the circular microstrip antenna is designed at resonant frequency r f = 2.5 GHz. A suitable substrate of relative permittivity r H = 4.2 and of thickness h = 1.6 mm is used to design the antenna. The simulation of this microstrip antenna is done on IE3D software and matlab. At last the simulation result and practical result of return loss are compared.
Research of Imaging Simulation System Based on Target near Field Echoes

The theory and function of mathematical imaging simulation system based on underwater multi-targets were introduced in this paper. The accuracy and feasibility of the simulation system that had a good image display function and the dynamic simulation function with OpenGL graphics library were provided through specific examples and experiments. It would generate important value in engineering to provide theoretical analysis basis for echoes characteristics of the underwater targets.
No Strong Evidence of Stereotype Threat in Females: A Reassessment of the Meta-Analysis

Recently, Picho-Kiroga (2021) published a meta-analysis on the effect of stereotype threat on females. Their conclusion was that the average effect size for stereotype threat studies was d = . 28, but that effects are overstated because the majority of studies on stereotype threat in females include methodological characteristics that inflate the apparent effect size. In this response, I show that Picho-Kiroga et al. (2021) committed fundamental errors in their meta-analysis that undermine confidence in the article and warrant major corrections. But even if the data were not flawed, the conclusion that Picho-Kiroga et al. (2021) should have reached is that their results are most consistent with a population effect size of zero. There is no compelling evidence that stereotype threat is a real phenomenon in females.
New developments for seam quality monitoring in sewing applications

The automation of sewing machinery requires that sensing be added to insure quality of the stitching. This paper describes the use of piezoelectric technology to indirectly monitor sewing thread consumption which allows an inference of seam quality. An inexpensive microprocessor system is employed to monitor the sensor. The technology developed is reliable and applicable to a wide range of sewing machinery. <<ETX>>
Modular concepts for a new generation of light weight robots

The paper outlines DLR's mechatronic developments in the robotics area over the last five years. They aim at designing a new multisensory, modularly configurable light weight robot generation in a unified and integral way. A first step in this direction has been the development of a complex multisensory gripper based on a fully modular hard- and software-concept. It turned out to be a key element in ROTEX, the first real robot in space which flew with shuttle COLUMBIA in early 1993. Sensors and actuators in DLR's new ultra-light-weight robot show up miniaturized integration of mechanics, electronics and of course microprocessor control. Joint torque based on inductive sensing may be combined with different type of gearings: translational ones (using a new spindle drive concept), originally developed for grippers but easily usable, e.g. in tendon driven elbow-like joints, as well as compact, highly reducing rotational ones. In combination with optimized carbon fibre grid structures and optical information transfer between the joints a new, extremely light-weight type of robot arises. All power and signal electronics is integrated into the arm which shows up a 1:1 ratio between load and own weight. <<ETX>>
Dynamic digital control schemes for three-phase UPS inverters

The purpose of a voltage controller is to produce stable three-phase output voltages with low distortion under all loading conditions. This paper presents the design of such a three-phase, closed-loop voltage controller, implementing a deadbeat controller on the output voltage and the inductor current. A digital signal processor is used to implement the digital closed-loop control algorithms. This, together with delays introduced by sampling the analog quantities, introduces a delay in the control law that causes system instability. The system model is augmented to compensate for these dynamics, hereby including a third deadbeat controlled variable. System stability is then ensured. Load current feed-forward is used to compensate for changes in the load current before the output voltages get distorted, in order to improve the output voltage waveform quality. Practical results show that the designed voltage controller can produce output voltage waveforms that can meet the specifications for balanced and unbalanced loads. This is verified by using a three-phase, four-wire, 250 kW inverter, which shows that the constructed pulse-width modulated control scheme can achieve fast dynamic response as well as low total harmonic distortion. Nonlinear loads, however, produce undesirable harmonics that cause large distortion in output voltage.
Aquifer visualization for sustainable water management

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop a three dimensional (3D) geological model, based on geographic information system (GIS), of the Barwon Downs Graben aquifer system in Victoria, Australia, and to visualize the complex geometry as a decision support tool for sustainable water management.Design/methodology/approach – A 3D visualization of the aquifer is completed, based on subsurface geological modelling. The existing borehole database, hydrogeological data, geological information and surface topography are used to model the subsurface aquifer. ArcGIS 9.2 is employed for two‐dimensional (2D) GIS analysis and for 3D visualization and modelling geological objects computer aided design (GOCAD) 2.5. 2 is used. The developed methodology of ArcGIS and GOCAD is implemented for creating the 3D geological model of the aquifer system.Findings – The 3D geomodel of the Barwon Downs Graben provides a new perspective of the complex subsurface aquifer geometry and its relation with surface hydrogeology in a.
On electroviscous effects in microchannels

This paper contains results of a theoretical investigation on the effect of the diffusive electric double layer (EDL) at the solid–liquid interface on liquid flow through a microchannel between two parallel plates. Unlike previous works, the electrical charge connected with the EDL at the inlet of a channel is accounted for. The Debye–Huckel linear approximation of the surface potential distribution is used to describe the EDL field near the solid–liquid interface. The electrokinetic distance is assumed to be arbitrary. The electrical body force resulting from the double layer field is considered in the equation of motion. This equation is solved for steady-state flow. Effects of the EDL field on the apparent viscosity are discussed.
Shannon capacity of STBC in Rayleigh fading channels

Space-time block coding (STBC) is a powerful transmit diversity scheme for multiple antenna systems. A closed-form expression for the Shannon capacity of MIMO systems is derived using STBC under independent and quasi-static flat Rayleigh fading channels. The Shannon capacity of STBC over such channels is expressed as a finite sum of functions that are easy to evaluate, thereby avoiding the need for numerical integration or Monte Carlo simulation.
Cash transfers for HIV prevention: A systematic review

Background Given the success of cash programs in improving health outcomes and addressing upstream drivers of HIV risk such as poverty and education, there has been an increasing interest in their potential to improve HIV prevention and care outcomes. Recent reviews have documented the impacts of structural interventions on HIV prevention, but evidence about the effects of cash transfer programs on HIV prevention has not been systematically reviewed for several years. Methods and findings We did a systematic review of published and unpublished literature to update and summarize the evidence around cash programs for HIV prevention from January 2000 to December 17, 2020. We included studies with either a cash transfer intervention, savings program, or program to reduce school costs. Included studies measured the program’s impact on HIV infection, other sexually transmitted infections (STIs), or sexual behaviors. We screened 1,565 studies and examined 78 in full-text review to identify a total of 45 peer-reviewed publications and reports from 27 different interventions or populations. We did not do a meta-analysis given the range of outcomes and types of cash transfer interventions assessed. Most studies were conducted in sub-Saharan Africa (N = 23; South Africa, Tanzania, Malawi, Lesotho, Kenya, Uganda, Zimbabwe, Zambia, and eSwatini) followed by Mexico (N = 2), the United States (N = 1), and Mongolia (N = 1)). Of the 27 studies, 20 (72%) were randomized trials, 5 (20%) were observational studies, 1 (4%) was a case–control study, and 1 (4%) was quasi-experimental. Most studies did not identify a strong association between the program and sexual behaviors, except sexual debut (10/18 finding an association; 56%). Eight of the 27 studies included HIV biomarkers, but only 3 found a large reduction in HIV incidence or prevalence, and the rest found no statistically significant association. Of the studies that identified a statistically significant association with other STIs (N = 4/8), 2 involved incentives for staying free of the STI, and the other 2 were cash transfer programs for adolescent girls that had conditionalities related to secondary schooling. Study limitations include the small number of studies in key populations and examining interventions to reduce school costs and matched saving programs. Conclusions The evidence base for large-scale impacts of cash transfers reducing HIV risk is limited; however, government social protection cash transfer programs and programs that incentivize school attendance among adolescent girls and young women show the greatest promise for HIV prevention.
The Key Technology and Application of the Internet of Things

The Internet of Things, which is another revolution in the information industry following the computer and the Internet, is referred to as the third wave of the world information industry. In this paper, the concepts, the architecture system and the principle, and the key technology in the Internet of Things and its application in real life are presented. Finally, a strategic advice on the development of the Internet of Things in China is put forward.
Chaotic Phenomena in Power Systems: Detection and Applications

This paper presents an overview of some possible applications of chaotic dynamics in power engineering. Recent studies of chaos in electric power systems are reviewed. Ways of analyzing time series data to determine the extent to which the observations can be characterized as low dimensional chaos are discussed. Novel applications of chaos theory in power engineering are also presented.
Learning L2 vocabulary on screen: the role of screen-based pedagogical supports on dual language learners

Abstract Educational media has the potential to serve as an instructional tool to enhance vocabulary knowledge among young children. The current study examined how certain mechanisms on screen might influence early literacy development in preschool-aged dual language learners (DLLs). Specifically, the study investigated how four screen-based pedagogical approaches in educational media (i.e., explicit definitions, visual supports, repetitions, sound effects) might influence L2 vocabulary learning among DLLs with varying English language skills. Drawing from dual-coding theory, 51 four- to five-year-old DLLs viewed twelve counterbalanced videos in four conditions (i.e., one representing each pedagogical support) using a within-subjects design. Findings indicated that children learned vocabulary words in a new language on screen, and that screen-based pedagogical supports were differentially facilitative in helping DLLs recall words. When viewing media, children benefited from certain scaffolds more than others. Of notable mention is the repetition pedagogical support, which appeared to benefit children with less L2 exposure more than those with greater L2 exposure in the home. Overall, the current study represents an important step in CALL research regarding how “screen time” can be optimized to support young children’s L2 vocabulary development.
Aeroelastic analysis and flutter control of wings and panels: A review

Flutter is a self‐excited vibration under the interaction of the inertial force, aerodynamic force, and elastic force of the structure. After the flutter occurs, the aircraft structures will exhibit limit cycle oscillation, which will cause catastrophic accidents or fatigue damage to the structures. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the aeroelastic characteristics and flutter control for improving the aeroelastic stability of aircraft structures. This paper reviews the recent advances in aeroelastic analysis and flutter control of wings and panel structures. The mechanism of aeroelastic flutter of wings and panels is presented. The research methods of aeroelastic flutter for different structures developed in recent years are briefly summarized. Various control strategies including the linear and nonlinear control algorithms as well as the active flutter control results of wings and panels are presented. Finally, the paper ends with conclusions, which highlight challenges of the development in aeroelastic analysis and flutter control, and provide a brief outlook on the future investigations. This study aims to present a comprehensive understanding of aeroelastic analysis and flutter control. It can also provide guidance on the design of new wings and panel structures for improving their aeroelastic stability.
Nonlinear asymmetrical multi-h phase codes combined with continuous phase modulation

A novel trellis coding system called nonlinear asymmetrical multi-h signaling is introduced with continuous phase modulation (CPM) signals. Nonlinear asymmetrical multi-h signals select modulation indices depending on the current symbol, previous symbol and the current symbol interval. Binary nonlinear asymmetrical multi-h signaling schemes are constructed and analyzed. The numerical results indicate that nonlinear asymmetrical multi-h signals achieve significantly higher distance than other multi-h formats reported in the literature. <<ETX>>
Constrained Bayesian Optimization for Minimum-Time Charging of Lithium-Ion Batteries

The fast charging of lithium-ion batteries while minimizing battery degradation is a key challenge to battery community. Difficulties in this optimization are the high dimensionality of parameter space of charging strategies, significant variability between batteries (even from the same production line), and limited quantitative information on battery degradation mechanisms. Current approaches to addressing these challenges are model-based optimization and grid search. Model-based methods are limited by the insufficient complexity and accuracy of electrochemical models – especially in the early stage of development when a new battery chemistry is being introduced to the market – and grid search methods are expensive in terms of testing time and cells. This article proposes a data-driven Bayesian optimization (BO) approach for minimum charging time problem, in which an acquisition function of constrained expected improvement is employed to explicitly handle constraints that limit degradation. In addition, continuous-varied-current charging protocols are introduced into the proposed BO approach by utilizing the technique of polynomial function expansions. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated on the LIONSIMBA, a porous electrode theory-based battery simulator. The simulation results show that the proposed BO-based charging approach with continuous current profile outperforms the commonly used constant current constant voltage (CC-CV) method for the minimum charging time problem. Moreover, the decrease in the minimum charging time and increase in its variance with increasing number of degrees of freedom used in charging protocols is also quantified.
Mediation: Causal Mechanisms in Business and Management

Mediation refers to causation. Tests for mediation are common in business, management, and related fields. In the simplest mediation model, a researcher asserts that a treatment causes a mediator and that the mediator causes an outcome. For example, a practitioner might examine whether diversity training increases awareness of stereotypes, which, in turn, improves inclusive climate perceptions. Because mediation inferences are causal inferences, it is important to demonstrate that the cause actually precedes the effect, the cause and effect covary, and rival explanations for the causal effect can be ruled out. Although various experimental designs for testing mediation hypotheses are available, single randomized experiments and two randomized experiments provide the strongest evidence for inferring mediation compared with nonexperimental designs, where selection bias and a multitude of confounding variables can make causal interpretations difficult. In addition to experimental designs, traditional statistical approaches for testing mediation include causal steps, difference in coefficients, and product of coefficients. Of the traditional approaches, the causal steps method tends to have low statistical power; the product of coefficients method tends to provide adequate power. Bootstrapping can improve the performance of these tests for mediation. The general causal mediation framework offers a modern approach to testing for causal mechanisms. The general causal mediation framework is flexible. The treatment, mediator, and outcome can be categorical or continuous. The general framework not only incorporates experimental designs (e.g., single randomized experiments, two randomized experiments) but also allows for a variety of statistical models and complex functional forms.
Validation of the Immersed Mesh Block (IMB) Approach Against a Cooled Transonic Turbine Stage

Due to difficulties associated with directly meshing and solving cooled turbine geometries, evaluation of cooling designs at an early design stage is not practical. This results in a severely disjointed aerodynamic and heat transfer design process and affects turbine optimisation. In order to reduce the time cost of evaluating cooled geometries, the Immersed Mesh Block (IMB) approach was previously proposed. The IMB is an independent, high density cooling hole mesh that can be mapped to the surface of a turbine and solved with two-way coupling within hours, thus allowing cooling holes to be consistently and reliably modelled at an early design stage. The main focus of this paper is to validate the IMB approach by comparing its results of a cooled transonic NGV against experimental data. Prior to this, a series of mesh dependency tests are conducted on the base solver for a turbine stage. These highlight the need for greater rigour in mesh generation for RANS predictions of heat transfer over aerodynamics. The effect of mesh density on cooling hole predictions is then considered; a range of meshes are employed to model a row of holes on a flat plate. Hence the need for high resolution meshes for cooled geometries is emphasised. Subsequently, it is demonstrated that grid dependency studies of cooling holes on the turbine surface can easily be conducted with the IMB approach. Finally, the IMB method is validated by comparison of its results to experimental data for a cooled turbine stage. The results show that the IMB predicted Nusselt number distribution agrees well with experimental data.Copyright © 2012 by Rolls-Royce plc
Traditional Chinese Medicine Text Similarity Calculation Model Based on the Bidirectional Temporal Siamese Network

The text similarity calculation plays a crucial role as the core work of artificial intelligence commercial applications such as traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) auxiliary diagnosis, intelligent question and answer, and prescription recommendation. However, TCM texts have problems such as short sentence expression, inaccurate word segmentation, strong semantic relevance, high feature dimension, and sparseness. This study comprehensively considers the temporal information of sentence context and proposes a TCM text similarity calculation model based on the bidirectional temporal Siamese network (BTSN). We used the enhanced representation through knowledge integration (ERNIE) pretrained language model to train character vectors instead of word vectors and solved the problem of inaccurate word segmentation in TCM. In the Siamese network, the traditional fully connected neural network was replaced by a deep bidirectional long short-term memory (BLSTM) to capture the contextual semantics of the current word information. The improved similarity BLSTM was used to map the sentence that is to be tested into two sets of low-dimensional numerical vectors. Then, we performed similarity calculation training. Experiments on the two datasets of financial and TCM show that the performance of the BTSN model in this study was better than that of other similarity calculation models. When the number of layers of the BLSTM reached 6 layers, the accuracy of the model was the highest. This verifies that the text similarity calculation model proposed in this study has high engineering value.