Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Magnetic Polarity Stratigraphy and Mammalian Fauna of the Late Pliocene (Early Matuyama) Section at Batesford (Victoria), Australia

This paper presents results from a fossil site at Batesford, Victoria, on which several dating techniques have been used to obtain a well-constrained late Pliocene age. The site contains the Dog Rocks Local Fauna, a relatively diverse vertebrate assemblage (29 taxa) of late Pliocene age, consisting mostly of marsupials and eutherian mammals. Upper and lower limits for the age of the fauna are constrained, respectively, by an overlying basalt with an interpolated age of $$2.03 \pm 0.13 Ma$$ and by the presence of Globorotalia crassaformis (First Appearance Datum 4.0 Ma) in an underlying unit. Seventeen paleomagnetic sites were collected and subjected to both alternating field and thermal demagnetization. The magnetic polarity for the upper part of this section, which is entirely reversed, can be correlated to the early Matuyama Chron. These data constrain the Dog Rocks Local Fauna to an age of 2.03-2.48 Ma.
Tetrahedral framework nucleic acids enhance the chondrogenic potential of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells via the PI3K/AKT axis

Abstract The field of regenerative medicine faces a notable challenge in terms of the regeneration of articular cartilage. Without proper treatment, it can lead to osteoarthritis. Based on the research findings, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUMSCs) are considered an excellent choice for regenerating cartilage. However, there is still a lack of suitable biomaterials to control their ability to self-renew and differentiate. To address this issue, in this study using tetrahedral framework nucleic acids (tFNAs) as a new method in an in vitro culture setting to manage the behaviour of hUMSCs was proposed. Then, the influence of tFNAs on hUMSC proliferation, migration and chondrogenic differentiation was explored by combining bioinformatics methods. In addition, a variety of molecular biology techniques have been used to investigate deep molecular mechanisms. Relevant results demonstrated that tFNAs can affect the transcriptome and multiple signalling pathways of hUMSCs, among which the PI3K/Akt pathway is significantly activated. Furthermore, tFNAs can regulate the expression levels of multiple proteins (GSK3β, RhoA and mTOR) downstream of the PI3K-Akt axis to further enhance cell proliferation, migration and hUMSC chondrogenic differentiation. tFNAs provide new insight into enhancing the chondrogenic potential of hUMSCs, which exhibits promising potential for future utilization within the domains of AC regeneration and clinical treatment.
Evaluation of right ventricle echocardiographic variables in apparently healthy domestic shorthair cats

Right ventricular structural and functional changes result from many cardiovascular disorders in cats. Accordingly, echocardiographic evaluation of the size and function of the right ventricle (RV) provides important prognostic information in many conditions affecting the right heart. Therefore, detection of these changes is clinically important and needs reference values to ease the diagnosis. The present study was designed to calculate structural and functional right ventricular variables in 10 apparently healthy cats (six males and four females, average age 1 year old and body weight 2.70 - 4.80 kg) with no sedation. For this purpose, The minimum, maximum, mean ± standard error of the mean of right ventricle internal dimension in systole and diastole (cm), right ventricle free wall thickness in systole and diastole (cm), fractional shortening (%), right ventricle volume in systole and diastole (mL), right ventricle area in systole and diastole (cm2), ejection fraction (%) and fractional area change (%) were measured and reported. Descriptive statistics were provided for all calculated variables. Statistical correlation of the collected variables with body weight, gender and heart rate were analyzed. Results showed that there is a significant correlation between heart rate with body weight and between systolic and diastolic RV volumes with gender. The results of the present study would help clinicians in the diagnosis of the right heart changes in DSH cats.
Taenia solium transmission in a rural community in Honduras : an examination of risk factors and knowledge

Taenia soliurn taeniasis and cysticercosis are recognized as a major public health problem in Latin America. T. soliurn transmission not only affects the health of the individual, but also social and economic development, perpetuating the cycle of poverty. To determine prevalence rates, population knowledge and risk factors associated with transmission, an epidemiological study was undertaken in the rural community of Jalaca. Two standardized questionnaires were used to collect epidemiological and T. soli urn general knowledge data. Kato-Katz technique and an immunoblot assay (EITB) were used to determine taeniasis and seroprevalence, respectively. In total, 139 individuals belonging to 56 households participated in the study. Household characteristics were consistent with conditions of poverty of rural Honduras: 21.4% had no toilet or latrines, 19.6% had earthen floor, and 51.8% lacked indoor tap water. Pigs were raised in 46.4% of households, of which 70% allowed their pigs roaming freely. A human seroprevalence rate of 18.7% and a taeniasis prevalence rate of 2.4% were found. Only four persons answered correctly 2: 6 out of ten T. soliurn knowledge questions, for an average passing score of 2.9%. In general, a serious gap exists in knowledge regarding how humans acquire the infections, especially neurocysticercosis was identified. After regression analysis, the ability to recognize adult tapeworms and awareness of the clinical importance of taeniasis, were found to be significant risk factors for T. soliurn seropositivity. These results demonstrate a high level of transmission and a low level of kn~,wledge about Taenia soliurn in Jalaca. Consequently, intervention measures integrated with health education are necessary to decrease the burden caused by this parasite.
L’uso delle terre: il Protocollo di Kyoto, la definizione FAO di foresta e l’Inventario Nazionale delle Foreste e dei Serbatoi Forestali di Carbonio

Abstract: In 2000, after the international agreement on the Kyoto Protocol of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, the United Nation Food and Agriculture Organization decided to adopt a new set of basic forest and forest change definitions. The main change is that new definitions are no more related to land cover but to land use. The entry into force of the Kyoto Protocol requires now that national forest related data must be based on land use concept. Thus, national forest inventory shall be designed in order to collect data which are consistent with current land-use related definitions. In this paper the authors analyze the case of the Italian forest inventory.
Body roundness index improves the predictive value of cardiovascular disease risk in hypertensive patients with obstructive sleep apnea: a cohort study

ABSTRACT Background Obesity, especially visceral obesity, plays an important role in the progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The body roundness index (BRI) is a new measure of obesity that is considered to reflect visceral obesity more comprehensively than other measures. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between BRI and CVD risk in hypertensive patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and explore its superiority in predicting CVD. Methods The Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incident CVD. The area under the curve (AUC), continuous net reclassification improvement (NRI), and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) were used to assess which measures of obesity had the best predictive value for CVD risk. Results During a median follow-up period of 6.8 years, 324 participants suffered a CVD event. After multivariable adjustment, compared with the reference group (the first tertile), the HRs (95% CI) of CVD were 1.25 (95% CI, 0.93–1.70) and 1.74 (95% CI, 1.30–2.33) for subjects in the tertile 2 and tertile 3 groups, respectively. Compared with other measurement indicators, BRI has the highest predictive value for CVD risk [AUC: 0.627, 95% CI: 0.593–0.661]. The addition of the BRI to the fully adjusted multivariate model improved the predictive power for CVD, which was validated in the continuous NRI and the IDI (all P < .05). Conclusions BRI was significantly associated with the risk of CVD in hypertensive patients with OSA. Furthermore, BRI may improve CVD risk prediction in hypertensive patients with OSA.
A systematic review of psychosocial interventions for people with intellectual disabilities and dementia.

OBJECTIVES As the life expectancy of individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) continues to increase, there is an increased risk of developing dementia. While psychosocial interventions are gaining prominence, evidence is limited for people with both dementia and ID. This review discusses the effectiveness of direct psychosocial interventions and adaptations to facilitate delivery within this population. METHODS The review followed the PRISMA guidelines. Five electronic databases, grey literature, and reference lists of included articles were searched for relevant studies. 10 eligible studies were appraised and analysed by narrative synthesis. RESULTS Ten distinct interventions were identified and categorised based on their purpose and delivery. All interventions were beneficial in improving a range of outcomes, though some studies were of low quality and most had small samples. Common adaptations included simplification of tasks and material, higher staff-to-client ratio, and alternative communication methods. CONCLUSION There is emerging evidence for several psychosocial interventions for people with ID and dementia, though further research is required on effectiveness and generalisability. The adaptations discussed may guide implementation into routine care and contribute to current policies and guidelines on improving ID and dementia care.
The Effect Of Income On Health After Hurricane Katrina

THE EFFECT OF INCOME ON HEALTH AFTER HURRICANE KATRINA by Jang Wook Lee Adviser: Professor Michael Grossman There is a large literature that documents a positive correlation between income and a variety of measures of good health. This correlation may reflect causality in both directions and may also reflect omitted “third variables” that are positively related to income and health. In my dissertation, I employ an exogenous negative shock to income due to a natural disaster to estimate the true causal impact of income on health. The shock I will use is Hurricane Katrina, which severely damaged counties in Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana in August 2005. I use these treatment counties and a variety of alternative sets of control counties in a difference-indifferences (DD) research design. From the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System I obtain measures of income and health for residents of these counties before and after the date on which the hurricane struck. I estimate DD regressions in which income or health is the dependent variable to obtain the impact of the hurricane on each outcome in the treated counties net of other factors. I then use the interaction between an indicator for residents of the treatment counties and an indicator for the period after the hurricane struck as an instrument for income in a twostage least squares regression of health on income. In the main empirical chapter of my dissertation, I focus on self-rated health status. In next chapter I examine body mass index and indicators for the presence of asthma, high blood pressure, and diabetes as other health outcomes.
Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Health: A Presidential Advisory From the American Heart Association

Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic health reflects the interplay among metabolic risk factors, chronic kidney disease, and the cardiovascular system and has profound impacts on morbidity and mortality. There are multisystem consequences of poor cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic health, with the most significant clinical impact being the high associated incidence of cardiovascular disease events and cardiovascular mortality. There is a high prevalence of poor cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic health in the population, with a disproportionate burden seen among those with adverse social determinants of health. However, there is also a growing number of therapeutic options that favorably affect metabolic risk factors, kidney function, or both that also have cardioprotective effects. To improve cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic health and related outcomes in the population, there is a critical need for (1) more clarity on the definition of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome; (2) an approach to cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic staging that promotes prevention across the life course; (3) prediction algorithms that include the exposures and outcomes most relevant to cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic health; and (4) strategies for the prevention and management of cardiovascular disease in relation to cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic health that reflect harmonization across major subspecialty guidelines and emerging scientific evidence. It is also critical to incorporate considerations of social determinants of health into care models for cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome and to reduce care fragmentation by facilitating approaches for patient-centered interdisciplinary care. This presidential advisory provides guidance on the definition, staging, prediction paradigms, and holistic approaches to care for patients with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome and details a multicomponent vision for effectively and equitably enhancing cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic health in the population.
Three-Year Overall Survival of Patients With Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancers With ≥50% PD-L1 Expression Treated With First-Line Pembrolizumab Monotherapy in a Real-World Setting (ESCKEYP GFPC Study)

Outside clinical trials, few data are available on the effect of long-term first-line pembrolizumab in patients with advanced non–small-cell lung cancers with ≥50% of tumor cells expressing programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1). This French, multicenter study included consecutive advanced patients with non–small-cell lung cancer given first-line pembrolizumab alone between May 2017 (authorization date for this indication) and November 2019 (authorization date for pembrolizumab–chemotherapy combination). Information was collected from patients’ medical files, with a local evaluation of the response and progression-free survival (PFS). Overall survival (OS) was calculated from pembrolizumab onset using the Kaplan-Meier method. The analysis concerned 845 patients, managed in 33 centers: median age: 65 (range: 59–72) years, 67.8% men, 78.1% Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0/1, 38.9%/51.5%/6.6% active, ex or never-smokers, respectively, 10.9%/16.8% taking or recently took corticosteroids/antibiotics, 69.6% nonsquamous histology, 48.9% ≥75% PD-L1–positive, and 20.8% had brain metastases at diagnosis. After a median (95% CI) follow-up of 45 (44.1–45.9) months, respective median (95% CI) PFS and OS lasted 8.2 (6.9–9.2) and 22 (8.5–25.9) months; 3-year PFS and OS rates were 25.4% and 39.4%, respectively. Multivariate analysis retained never-smoker status, adenocarcinoma histology, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status ≥2, and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio >4 as being significantly associated with shorter survival, but not brain metastases at diagnosis or <75% PD-L1 tumor-cell expression. These long-term results of pembrolizumab efficacy based on a nationwide “real-world” cohort reproduced those obtained in clinical trials.
Adverse effects of trazodone in dogs on primary hemostasis and electrocardiogram: A single‐blinded placebo‐controlled crossover study

Abstract Background Trazodone is a serotonin antagonist/reuptake inhibitor medication commonly used for anxiety in dogs. Therapy with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in humans is associated with bleeding disorders and increased arrhythmogenesis. Hypothesis/Objectives To evaluate markers of primary hemostasis and corrected QT (cQT) interval in dogs before and after oral administration of standard dosages of trazodone or placebo. Animals Fifteen apparently healthy, client‐owned dogs. Methods A single‐blinded, randomized placebo‐controlled crossover study was performed. Dogs were administered trazodone (5 to 7.5 mg/kg PO Q12h) or placebo. [Correction added after first online publication on 14 October 2023. In the abstract (methods) section (57.5 mg/kg PO Q12h) changed as (5 to 7.5 mg/kg PO Q12h). ] Buccal mucosal bleeding time (BMBT), platelet count, platelet aggregation via Plateletworks, PFA‐100 closure time and cQT interval were measured. A Shapiro‐Wilk test was performed followed by either a paired t test or a Wilcoxon signed‐rank test. Results No significant difference was detected in the BMBT, PFA‐100 closure times, platelet counts, and cQT interval between trazodone or placebo. However, using Plateletworks, there was a significant decrease in platelet aggregation after administration of trazodone (95%; 81‐97 vs 62%; 39‐89, P = .002) and not placebo (95%; 81‐97 vs 91%; 81‐96, P = .21). Conclusions It is unknown if this represents a clinically relevant change or if dogs with preexisting impairment in primary hemostasis or receiving higher dosages or longer durations of trazodone could have a more substantial change in hemostatic variables.
The petrology of the Apollo 17 mare basalts

Petrographic studies of Apollo 17 mare basalts indicate that 70215 and 71569 arrived at the lunar surface as liquids. Low-pressure melting experiments show that compositional variations within the Apollo 17 and Apollo 11 ophitic basalt suites may be generated by near-surface fractional crystallization of liquids with compositions similar to 70215 and 70017. High-pressure melting experiments show that liquids similar in composition to 70017 and 70215 can be generated by partial melting of an olivine+ clinopyroxene+ Fe-Ti-oxide source at depths of 100-150 km within the moon.
An interaction between eIF4A3 and eIF3g drives the internal initiation of translation

Abstract An RNA structure or modified RNA sequences can provide a platform for ribosome loading and internal translation initiation. The functional significance of internal translation has recently been highlighted by the discovery that a subset of circular RNAs (circRNAs) is internally translated. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the internal initiation of translation in circRNAs remain unclear. Here, we identify eIF3g (a subunit of eIF3 complex) as a binding partner of eIF4A3, a core component of the exon-junction complex (EJC) that is deposited onto spliced mRNAs and plays multiple roles in the regulation of gene expression. The direct interaction between eIF4A3-eIF3g serves as a molecular linker between the eIF4A3 and eIF3 complex, thereby facilitating internal ribosomal entry. Protein synthesis from in vitro-synthesized circRNA demonstrates eIF4A3-driven internal translation, which relies on the eIF4A3-eIF3g interaction. Furthermore, our transcriptome-wide analysis shows that efficient polysomal association of endogenous circRNAs requires eIF4A3. Notably, a subset of endogenous circRNAs can express a full-length intact protein, such as β-catenin, in an eIF4A3-dependent manner. Collectively, our results expand the understanding of the protein-coding potential of the human transcriptome, including circRNAs.
SoyMD: a platform combining multi-omics data with various tools for soybean research and breeding

Abstract Advanced multi-omics technologies offer much information that can uncover the regulatory mechanisms from genotype to phenotype. In soybean, numerous multi-omics databases have been published. Although they cover multiple omics, there are still limitations when it comes to the types and scales of omics datasets and analysis methods utilized. This study aims to address these limitations by collecting and integrating a comprehensive set of multi-omics datasets. This includes 38 genomes, transcriptomes from 435 tissue samples, 125 phenotypes from 6686 accessions, epigenome data involving histone modification, transcription factor binding, chromosomal accessibility and chromosomal interaction, as well as genetic variation data from 24 501 soybean accessions. Then, common analysis pipelines and statistical methods were applied to mine information from these multi-omics datasets, resulting in the successful establishment of a user-friendly multi-omics database called SoyMD (https://yanglab.hzau.edu.cn/SoyMD/#/). SoyMD provides researchers with efficient query options and analysis tools, allowing them to swiftly access relevant omics information and conduct comprehensive multi-omics data analyses. Another notable feature of SoyMD is its capability to facilitate the analysis of candidate genes, as demonstrated in the case study on seed oil content. This highlights the immense potential of SoyMD in soybean genetic breeding and functional genomics research.
RSV awareness, risk perception, causes, and terms: Perspectives of pregnant and lactating women in Kenya to inform demand generation efforts for maternal RSV vaccines

ABSTRACT Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes a substantial proportion of acute lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) among infants. In low- and middle-income countries, RSV may be responsible for approximately 40% of all hospital admissions of infants less than one year. A safe and immunogenic RSV vaccine, given to pregnant persons, is imminent. In this qualitative study, we sought to understand factors that could inform maternal vaccine decision-making to inform future demand generation strategies in Kenya. We conducted in-depth interviews with 24 pregnant and lactating persons from two counties, with two communities in each county. Four key themes emerged, including terms used for RSV, awareness of and risk perception related to RSV, causes of RSV, and questions about future maternal RSV vaccines. Regarding terms, no participant used the term RSV to describe the disease. Most participants associated RSV with cold things such as cold weather and cold food/drink. Most participants believed that RSV was caused by the cold or an unclean environment. Finally, key questions related to a maternal RSV vaccine were related to vaccine safety, and more specifically side effects. Questions arose related to vaccine effectiveness as well as timing of administration and dosing. A maternal RSV vaccine is on the horizon. However, vaccines do not save lives; vaccination does. As such, it is critical to develop and implement demand generation approaches to ensure that once a maternal RSV vaccine is available, communities are sensitized and willing to accept it.