Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Dietary Resveratrol, Bile Acids, Allicin, Betaine, and Inositol on Recovering the Lipid Metabolism Disorder in the Liver of Rare Minnow Gobiocypris rarus Caused by Bisphenol A

The fatty liver is one of the main problems in aquaculture. In addition to the nutritional factors, endocrine disrupter chemicals (EDCs) are one of the causes of fatty liver in fish. Bisphenol A (BPA) is a plasticizer widely used in the production of various plastic products and exhibits certain endocrine estrogen effects. Our previous study found that BPA could increase the accumulation of triglyceride (TG) in fish liver by disturbing the expression of lipid metabolism-related genes. How to recover the lipid metabolism disorder caused by BPA and other environmental estrogens remains to be explored. In the present study, Gobiocypris rarus was used as a research model, and 0.01% resveratrol, 0.05% bile acid, 0.01% allicin, 0.1% betaine, and 0.01% inositol were added to the feed of the G. rarus that exposed to 15 μg/L BPA. At the same time, a BPA exposure group without feed additives (BPA group) and a blank group with neither BPA exposure nor feed additives (Con group) were setted. The liver morphology, hepatosomatic index (HSI), hepatic lipid deposition, TG level, and expression of lipid metabolism-related genes were analyzed after 5 weeks of feeding. The HSI in bile acid and allicin groups was significantly lower than that in Con group. The TG in resveratrol, bile acid, allicin, and inositol groups returned to Con level. Principal component analysis of TG synthesis, decomposition, and transport related genes showed that dietary bile acid and inositol supplementation had the best effect on the recovery of BPA-induced lipid metabolism disorder, followed by allicin and resveratrol. In terms of lipid metabolism-related enzyme activity, bile acid and inositol were the most effective in recovering BPA-induced lipid metabolism disorders. The addition of these additives had a restorative effect on the antioxidant capacity of G. rarus livers, but bile acids and inositol were relatively the most effective. The results of the present study demonstrated that under the present dosage, bile acids and inositol had the best improvement effect on the fatty liver of G. rarus caused by BPA. The present study will provide important reference for solving the problem of fatty liver caused by environmental estrogen in aquaculture.
Constraints on Lorentz invariance violation from gamma-ray burst GRB090510

We obtain modified dispersion relations by requiring the vanishing of determinant of inverse of modified photon propagators in Lorentz invariance violation (LIV) theory. Inspired by these dispersion relations, we give a more general dispersion relation with less assumptions and apply it to the recent observed gamma-ray burst GRB090510 to extract various constraints on LIV parameters. We find that the constraint on quantum gravity mass is slightly larger than the Planck mass but is consistent with other recent observations, so the corresponding LIV coefficient ${\ensuremath{\xi}}_{1}$ has reached the natural order [$\mathcal{O}(1)$] as one expects. From our analysis, the linear LIV corrections to photon group velocity might be not excluded yet.
Applications of Lorentz force in medical acoustics: Lorentz force hydrophone, Lorentz Force Electrical Impedance Tomography, Imaging of shear waves induced by Lorentz force

The ability of the Lorentz force to link a mechanical displacement to an electrical current presents a strong interest for medical acoustics, and three applications were studied in this thesis. In the first part of this work, a hydrophone was developed for mapping the particle velocity of an acoustic field. This hydrophone was constructed using a thin copper wire and an external magnetic field. A model was elaborated to determine the relationship between the acoustic pressure and the measured electrical current, which is induced by Lorentz force when the wire vibrates in the acoustic field of an ultrasound transducer. The built prototype was characterized and its spatial resolution, frequency response, sensitivity, robustness and directivity response were investigated. An imaging method called Lorentz Force Electrical Impedance Tomography was also studied. In this method, a biological tissue is vibrated by ultrasound in a magnetic field, which induces an electrical current by Lorentz force. The electrical impedance of the tissue can be deduced from the measurement of the current. This technique was applied for imaging a gelatin phantom, a beef muscle sample, and a thermal lesion in a chicken breast sample. This showed the method may be useful for providing additional contrast to conventional ultrasound imaging. Finally, this thesis demonstrated that shear waves can be generated in soft tissues using Lorentz force. This work was performed by applying an electrical current with two electrodes in a soft solid placed in a magnetic field. Shear waves were observed in gelatin phantom and liver sample. The speed of the shear waves were used to compute elasticity and their source to map the electrical conductivity of the samples.
Wideband Electromagnetic Scattering/Analysis Program. Far Zone Electromagnetic Scattering from Complex Shapes Using Geometrical Theory of Diffraction

Abstract : Backscatter and bistatic scattering in the far zone using the uniform theory of diffraction (UTD) from shapes which require second and higher order interactions to get an accurate solution over a wide range of angles is considered. One of the simplest of these shapes is the two-dimensional dihedral. The solution contains interactions of up to third order, which provide excellent results for the dihedrals of 60 deg or greater and for sizes larger than one wavelength in extent. The dihedral solution is modified for curvature and caustic corrections to get results for the top-hat, bruderhedral, and bi-cone. Another extension to the dihedral is the parallel plate cavity and the circular cavity. First and second order caustic corrections for the donut are included. Also, the result of the dihedral is modified to get results for the multi-joined cylinders made of PVC pipes filled with absorber. Analytical results are validated against method of moments or measurements
Aspects of galileons and generalised scalar-tensor theories

This thesis is devoted to the study of modified gravity theories, especially, the scalar-tensor theories. A theorem due to Weinberg which states, that the equivalence principle is a necessary consequence of Lorentz invariance in a gravitational theory described by spin-2 massless particles is presented in Chapter 2. In view of this theorem modified gravity models either attempt to make \textit{graviton} massive or add other spin degrees of freedom. Scalar tensor theories are a simple and natural choice. An overview of some important scalar-tensor theories such as, Brans-Dicke model, DGP theory (although not a scalar-tensor theory it reduces to one in the so called \textit{decoupling} limit as we would see in chapter 2), Galileon model, Horndeski theory is also given in Chapter 2. The Hamiltonian analysis of the Galileon model is presented in Chapter 3. Chapter 4 presents the boundary terms and junction conditions of the Horndeski theory in the presence of codimension-1 branes. A generalised multiple-scalar-tensor theory analogous to Horndeski theory is developed in Chapter 5. We conclude with the proof of the most general multiple scalar field theory in arbitrary dimensions and flat-space time in Chapter 6. Chapters 3,4,5,6 are original work where the first 3 are based on the following journal articles.
Minkowski and Special Relativity: Does His Spacetime Geometry Explain Space Contraction?

For over a century Minkowskian spacetime has dominated discussions of space contraction and time dilation within special relativity. Brown and Pooley have called into question both the assumptions of Minkowski and the effects his presumed spacetime has upon objects in motion. But while they reject Minkowski, Brown and Pooley do not fill in the missing causal connection between velocity and space contraction and time dilation. To supply this causal connection between object and observer in relative motion we should be focusing on energy difference rather than velocity difference. When different inertial observers at different relative velocities measure the same rod (or clock), each observer registers a different amount of kinetic energy for the object. Following the consequences of this permits a new understanding of relativistic space contraction and time dilation.
A new gravitational wave verification source

We report the discovery of a detached 20 min orbital period binary white dwarf. WD 0931+444 (SDSS J093506.93+441106.9) was previously classified as a WD + M dwarf system based on its optical spectrum. Our time-resolved optical spectroscopy observations obtained at the 8m Gemini and 6.5m MMT reveal peak-to-peak radial velocity variations of ≈400 km s 1 every 20 min for the WD, but no velocity variations for the M dwarf. In addition, high-speed photometry from the McDonald 2.1m telescope shows no evidence of variability nor evidence of a reflection effect. An M dwarf companion is physically too large to fit into a 20 min orbit. Thus, the orbital motion of the WD is almost certainly due to an invisible WD companion. The M dwarf must be either an unrelated background object or the tertiary component of a hiearchical triple system. WD 0931+444 contains a pair of WDs, a 0.32 M ⊙ primary and a > 0.14 M ⊙ secondary, at a separation of > 0.19 R ⊙ . After J0651+2844, WD 0931+444 becomes the second-shortest period detached binary WD currently known. The two WDs will lose angular momentum through gravitational wave radiation and merge in 6 9 Myr. The logh ≃ −22 gravitational wave strain from WD 0931+444 is strong enough to make it a verification source for gravitational wave missions in the milli-Hertz frequency range, e.g. the evolved Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (eLISA), bringing the total number of known eLISA verification sources to nine.
Generating X-ray lines from annihilating dark matter

We propose different scenarios where a keV dark matter annihilates to produce a monochromatic signal. The process is generated through the exchange of a light scalar of mass of order 300 keV - 50 MeV coupling to photon through loops or higher dimensional operators. For natural values of the couplings and scales, the model can generate a gamma-ray line which can fit with the recently identified 3.5 keV X-ray line.
Yarn-dyed fabric defect detection based on an improved autoencoder with Fourier convolution

Compared with solid-colored fabrics, the textures in yarn-dyed fabric images are more complex, making the task of defect detection more challenging. To achieve efficient detection, this study proposes an automatic detection framework for dyed fabric defects. The proposed framework consists of a hardware system and a detection algorithm. For efficient and high-quality acquisition of fabric images, an image acquisition assembly equipped with three sets of light sources and a mirror was developed. In addition, a defect detection algorithm based on Fourier convolution and a convolutional autoencoder is proposed. Abandoning the common way of adding noise, this paper proposes to generate image pairs for training using a random masking method in the training phase. In the autoencoder, some traditional convolutional layers are replaced with Fourier convolutional layers. Ablation experiments verify the effectiveness of the mask generation method and Fourier convolution. Compared with other defect detection methods, the proposed method achieves the best performance, which verifies the superiority of the method. The maximum detection speed of the developed system can reach 41 meters per minute, which can meet real-time requirements.
What Happens after Discharge from a Forensic Psychiatric Hospital?: An Analysis of Causally Complex Patterns of Recovery among People Found Non-criminally Responsible on Account of Mental Disorder

Abstract In this article, we explore which configurations of risk and protective factors explain recovery in a sample of 60 forensic psychiatric patients 6 months after they have been discharged from a psychiatric institution. In line with the recovery-oriented paradigm that emerged in psychiatry, we focus on the role dynamic risk factors and dynamic protective factors play in recovery. Using fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis, we explore which configurations of conditions explain recovery in conjunction with each other. This entails that the configurations of conditions are codependent sets of conditions, in the sense that the conditions in the configuration explain recovery only in the presence of the other conditions in the configuration, with important implications for research and practice. Our results suggest that the absence of dynamic risk factors is a necessary condition for recovery, and that both the absence of dynamic risk factors and the presence of dynamic protective factors play a pivotal role in recovery, often in combination with other factors, such as absence of symptoms, absence of historical risk factors, and absence of alcohol dependence. We conclude by stressing the important role dynamic risk and protective factors play in recovery, and underline their co-dependence on other factors.
Phase noise and laser-cooling limits of optomechanical oscillators

The noise from laser phase fluctuation sets a major technical obstacle to cool the nano-mechanical oscillators to the quantum region. We propose a cooling configuration based on the opto-mechanical coupling with two cavity modes to significantly reduce this phase noise by $(2\omega_m/\gamma)^2$ times, where $\omega_m$ is the frequency of the mechanical mode and $\gamma$ is the decay rate of the cavity mode. We also discuss the detection of the phonon number when the mechanical oscillator is cooled near the quantum region and specify the required conditions for this detection.
The equity theory: a quantitative perspective using data envelopment analysis

Equity theory (ET) is an organizational theory investigating how fairly people feel they have been treated. The literature on ET does not address two essential questions: what is the magnitude of the equity that one may perceive compared to other members in an organization? , and how much should be the resources (outcomes) of an underpaid member reduced (increased) to feel equal? The group members may respond to these questions emotionally, and their answers could be biased based on their personalities. This paper proposes a novel method using data envelopment analysis (DEA) to quantify the ET and answer these questions more logically. DEA is a mathematical model that is conceptually similar to ET. We will show how DEA can estimate the degree of equity perceived by members of a group with different personalities, including optimistic, pessimistic, benevolent, and entitled characters.
Supersymmetric Tensor Hierarchies from Superspace Cohomology

In this set of lectures we give a pedagogical introduction to the way in which the nilpotency of a super-de Rham operator can be exploited for the construction of gauge theories in superspace. We begin with a discussion of how the super-geometric closure conditions can be solved by simply computing the cocycles of the super-algebra. The next couple lectures are then devoted to applying this idea to extensions of the standard super-de Rham complex. This eventually results in a geometric "trivialization" of the consistency conditions required for non-abelian tensor hierarchies. Although this is a general conclusion, we focus specifically on the hierarchy obtained by compactifying the 3-form gauge field of 11D supergravity to 4D, $N = 1$ superspace. In the final lecture, we use the cohomological arguments developed herein to provide a geometric construction of the non-trivial Chern-Simons-type invariant in that tensor hierarchy and comment on generalizations. These lectures are based on a series of talks given at Texas A&M University from March 21-25.
Enhanced Multilink Single-Radio Operation for the Next-Generation IEEE 802.11 BE Wi-Fi Systems

For the next-generation Wi-Fi systems, the Enhanced Multilink Single-Radio (EMLSR) operation has become a promising feature to improve the Wi-Fi system performance. The EMLSR enables dynamic switching among multiple bands with low-cost implementation and efficient power consumption. However, with realistic channelization of multiple links with 320 MHz bandwidth on 6 GHz and 160 MHz bandwidth on 5 GHz, the performance of EMLSR is jeopardized due to the crowded 5 GHz band with existing Wi-Fi systems. In addition, the unbalanced bandwidth configuration between an access point (AP) and stations (STAs) multilink devices (MLDs) may result in wasted secondary channels when STAs supporting smaller bandwidth stay on the primary channel only. We proposed the further enhanced EMLSR with a new MAC protocol and link selection mechanism, where a primary link (PL) is selected between AP and STA with the unbalanced Link/Band and one or multiple secondary links (SLs) with balanced Link/Band. The STA tunes the main radio on the PL and the scan radio to one of the SLs. The PL will be more prioritized than the SL based on the link selection algorithm to maximize the channel utilization. Compared with legacy EMLSR, the enhanced EMLSR can improve the utilization of the secondary channel. Even under heavy OBSS load on SL or both PL and SL, the further enhanced EMLSR can achieve 50% to 70% throughput gain.
Analytical solution of a double-well Bose-Einstein Condensate

We introduce a microscopic computation which shows that the Hamiltonian of a Bose-Einstein Condensate can be analytically solved in the two-mode approximation, in particular, in the case of an asymmetric double-well condensate in the dilute regime. Our model is exactly diagonalisable when the overlap of the quasilocalized modes in each well is small enough with respect to the trap asymmetry. For larger overlaps or highly symmetric traps, our diagonalisable Hamiltonian acquires extra terms that we treat within perturbation theory.
Comparative Analysis of Different Trust Metrics of User-User Trust-Based Recommendation System

Information overload is the biggest challenge nowadays for any website, especially e-commerce websites. However, this challenge arises for the fast growth of information on the web (WWW) with easy access to the internet. Collaborative filtering based recommender system is the most useful application to solve the information overload problem by filtering relevant information for the users according to their interests. But, the existing system faces some significant limitations such as data sparsity, low accuracy, cold-start, and malicious attacks. To alleviate the mentioned issues, the relationship of trust incorporates in the system where it can be between the users or items, and such system is known as the trust-based recommender system (TBRS). From the user perspective, the motive of the TBRS is to utilize the reliability between the users to generate more accurate and trusted recommendations. However, the study aims to present a comparative analysis of different trust metrics in the context of the type of trust definition of TBRS. Also, the study accomplishes twenty-four trust metrics in terms of the methodology, trust properties \& measurement, validation approaches, and the experimented dataset.
R-modes in neutron stars: Theory and observations

In this article I will review the theory behind the gravitational wave driven r-mode instability in rapidly rotating neutron stars and discuss which constraints can be derived from observations of spins and temperatures in Low Mass X-ray Binaries. I will discuss how a standard, `minimal' neutron star model is not consistent with the data, and discuss some of the additional physical mechanisms that could reconcile theory with observations. In particular I will focus on additional forms of damping due to exotic cores and on strong mutual friction due to superfluid vortices cutting through superconducting flux tubes, and examine the repercussions these effects could have on the saturation amplitude of the mode. Finally I will also discuss the possibility that oscillations due to r-modes may have been recently observed in the X-ray light curves of two Low Mass X-ray Binaries.
The Production of Biofilm from Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Isolated from Post-Surgical Operation Inflammation

Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is the most common pathogenic bacteria in the hospitals and communities, the ability to form biofilm is considered the main cause of Staphylococcus pathogenicity since it provides resistance to both antibiotics and host immune response, so this study was aimed to evaluate the biofilms formation and its association with antibiotic resistance in clinical isolates of MRSA, in order to achieve this aim, 237 samples were collected from different patients with wounds infections after surgeries and samples from operations galleries from varies hospitals in Baghdad ,68 isolates out of 237 were subjected to Staphylococcus aureus according to conventional methods Additionally, the S. aureus isolates were re-identified by molecular method. The results for Susceptibility of 68 S.aureus isolates against 22 antimicrobial agents revealed all isolates were resistant (100%) to Cefotaxime, and showed resistance to Ceftriaxone, Oxacillin, Cefipime, Cefoxitin, ampicillin, Penicillin, Nalidixicacid, erythromycin in percentage (99, 97,97,87, 87, 79, 75, 65 )% respectively while other isolates showed variety in their resistant to other antimicrobial agents. while all 68 isolates were sensitive to Nitrofurantoin which is considered the most effective agent against the isolates. All 68 isolates were identified as MRSA on HiCromeMeReSa Agar Base medium, but 66 among 68 isolates were methicillin resistant in antibiotic sensitivity test, while 67 isolates had a positive reaction when detecting mecA gene using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique. The finding of biofilm detection by microtiter plate method (MTPs) showed that 56 of 68 isolates produced biofilm in different degrees, while 66 (97%) among 68 isolates possessed the icaAD gene using PCR.