Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Molecular footprints reveal the impact of the protective HLA-A*03 allele in hepatitis C virus infection

Background and aims CD8 T cells are central to the control of hepatitis C virus (HCV) although the key features of a successful CD8 T cell response remain to be deﬁned. In a cohort of Irish women infected by a single source, a strong association between viral clearance and the human lecucocyte (HLA)-A*03 allele has been described, and the aim of this study was to deﬁne the protective nature of the associated CD8 T cell response. Methods A sequence-led approach was used to identify HLA-A*03-restricted epitopes. We examine the CD8 T cell response associated with this gene and address the likely mechanism underpinning this protective effect in this special cohort, using viral sequencing, T cell assays and analysis of ﬁtness of viral mutants. responses were observed in 60% of patients three decades after exposure and the mutants selected in vivo impacted on recognition in vitro. Using HCV replicons matched to the viral sequences, viral ﬁtness was found to be markedly reduced by the K1088R substitution but restored by the second substitution T1087A. Conclusions It is proposed that at least part of the protective effect of HLA-A*03 results from targeting of this key epitope in a functional site: the requirement for two mutations to balance ﬁtness and escape provides an initial host advantage. This study highlights the potential protective impact of common HLA-A alleles against persistent viruses, with important implications for HCV vaccine studies.
Experiments to determine drift patterns and rates of recovery of sea otter carcasses following the Exxon Valdez oil spill. Marine mammal study 6-9. Exxon Valdez oil spill state/federal natural resource damage assessment final report

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate efforts to recover sea otter (Enhydra lutris) carcasses following the Exxon Valdez oil spill. The first study was implemented during sea otter rescue and carcass recovery activities to assess the probability of carcass recovery. Twenty-five previously recovered sea otter carcasses were marked with flipper tags and released near northern Kodiak Island between 27 May and 3 June 1989. Five were recovered, for a recovery rate of 20%. In the second study, 30 radio-monitored floats designed to assess drift characteristics of floating sea otter carcasses were deployed in early summer 1990. During a 43-day monitoring period, 27 were known to have washed ashore, 25 in Prince William Sound (PWS) and two on the Gulf of Alaska coast of Montague Island. These studies suggest that many more sea otters may have died from the spill than were recovered, and that some sea otters succumbing to oil exposure in PWS could have drifted outside of PWS and never been recovered.
Latex Agglutination Turbidimetric Immunoassay Versus Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Helicobacter pylori: An Observational Study.

Background: Helicobacter pylori antibody levels in the blood are currently measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In April 2016, FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Corporation launched the “L-type Wako Helicobacter pylori antibody J” test, which is based on the latex agglutination turbidimetric immunoassay. In this study, we investigated the usefulness of the Wako test. Methods: We measured H. pylori antibody levels using both ELISA and Wako tests in 180 patients who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy at our hospital between September 2017 and February 2019. Ninety patients had H. pylori infections. We calculated the diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and speci�city of each test and the concordance rate between the two tests. If the lower limits of 90% con�dence intervals (CI) for each diagnostic validity exceeded the 85% threshold, the usefulness of the diagnostic test was con�rmed. Results: Diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and speci�city were 94.4% (90% CI; 90.8–97.0%), 94.4% (90% CI; 88.7–97.8%), and 94.4% (90% CI; 88.7–97.8%), respectively, using the Wako test, and 94.4% (90% CI; 90.8– 97.0%), 88.9% (90% CI; 81.9–93.8%), and 100% (90% CI; 96.0–100%), respectively, using ELISA. The concordance rate between the two tests was high (κ = 0.8444). Conclusions: We con�rmed the usefulness of the Wako test, especially when screening for H. pylori infection, due to its high sensitivity. Trial registration: We retrospectively registered the data of this study.
Foraminiferal biostratigraphy and paleoenvironments of the middle Eocene deposits from the northern part of the Tarcău Nappe (Eastern Carpathians, Romania)

Middle Eocene foraminiferal assemblages have been analyzed from three representative sections of bathyal deposits cropping out along the Brodina Valley and Voroneţ Valley in the northern part of the Tarcău Nappe (Eastern Carpathians, Romania). The foraminiferal assemblages are dominated by coarsely agglutinated taxa characteristic of the “flysch – type” foraminiferal biofacies. The depositional setting was probably upper to middle bathyal, as suggested by the abundance of the tubular forms. The morphogroup analyses showed variations in tubular and infaunal morphotypes, suggesting fluctuations in the organic matter input, oxygenation, and disturbing bottom water currents. Based on the presence of Ammodiscus latus, Reticulophragmium amplectens, Haplophragmoides parvulus, Spirosigmoilinela compressa, Psamminopelta gradsteini and the high abundances of Reophax pilulifer, the studied deposits can be assigned to the upper part of the middle Eocene.
System Innovation and the Transition to Sustainability: Theory, Evidence and Policy

Modern societies face several structural problems such as transport congestion and greenhouse gas emissions due to the widespread use of fossil fuels. To address these important societal problems and achieve sustainability in the broad sense, major transformations are required, but this poses an enormous challenge given the complexity of the processes involved. Such transformations are called `transitions? or `system innovations? and involve changes in a variety of elements, including technology, regulation, user practices and markets, cultural meaning and infrastructure. This book considers two main questions: how do system innovations or transitions come about and how can they be influenced by different actors, in particular by governments. The authors identify the theories which can be used to conceptualize the dynamics of system innovations and discuss the weaknesses in these theories. They also look at the lessons which can be learned from historical examples of transitions, and highlight the instruments and policy tools which can be used to stimulate future system innovations towards sustainability. The expert contributors address these questions using insights from a variety of different disciplines including innovation studies, evolutionary economics, the sociology of technology, environmental analysis and governance studies. The book concludes with an extensive summary of the results and practical suggestions for future research. This important new volume offers an interdisciplinary assessment of how and why system innovations occur. It will engage and inform academics and researchers interested in transitions towards sustainability, and will also be highly relevant for policymakers concerned with environmental issues, structural change and radical innovation.
Modelling the Statistics of Microwave Radar Sea Clutter

—One of the key requirements of a radar system is to detect targets against the background interference. This can be a challenging problem in the maritime domain when the sea moves in a complex manner and the characteristics are time-varying or non-stationary. Understanding the characteristics of sea clutter is therefore essential in developing effective and robust detection schemes. The ﬁrst part of this tutorial provides details of the relevant statistical models from the literature which are typically used to characterise the sea clutter. Using these models enables us to represent clutter in different environments that may be difﬁcult to observe in trials and to predict the performance of radars over a range of different conditions with more conﬁdence. Future radar systems may well comprise transmitters and receivers which are separated by some distance. Analysis of bistatic sea clutter is therefore covered in the second part of this paper with a focus on how the statistics vary with different bistatic angles. The paper then looks at the application of radar models for clutter simulation and performance prediction for both coherent and non-coherent detection schemes.
Impact of Young Mothers Program on Lives of Teenage Mothers (Program #2 in Granite District, Salt Lake City, Utah)

Impact of Young Mothers Program on Lives of Teenage Mothers (Program #2 in Granite District, Salt Lake City, Utah) by Lou Jean C. Shaw, Master of Science Utah State University, 1980 Committee Chairman: Marie Krueger Department: Home Economics and Consumer Education The purpose of this study was to a s sess the impact oi the Young vi Mothers' Program #2 Granite School District , Salt Lake City , Utah, and the aspects of the program that were respons ible for that impact , upon the lives of the Young Mothers who have attended the program since its existence. This study could possibly serve as a guide in evaluating other programs of this nature, locally and nationally . Knowing the value of a program could help establish it more firmly in the education sys tem . A questionnaire was mailed to s ixty s tudents who had attended Young Mother s' Program #2 for one term or more. The questionnaire covered all aspects of the Young Mothers ' Program. The information compiled from the returned questionnaire was used for data analysis . Twenty-six items , which represented attitudes of the s tudents toward many aspects of the Young Mothers' Program, were used for data ana lysis on impac t of the program. Factor analysis was used with the da ta from the 26 items and four factors emerged as significant. They were: la . Mother Toddler Care Concerns 2b. Good Teacher Classroom Atmosphere and Opportunities 3c. Mother Baby Care and School Peer Interaction 4d. Teacher Student Trust Dimension The data analysis did support the hypothesis that the Young Mothers Program #2 does have a positive "impact on life" on the student s who have attended . Factor la. (Mother Toddler Care Concerns) irdicated that if vii concern for the toddler was high, then "impact" was low . Factor 2b. (Good Teacher-Classroom Atmosphere and Opportunities) was also significantly high as a predictor of "impact". Factor 3c . (Mother Baby Care and School Peer Interaction), while still above the acceptable level of significance, was not as s trong a predicting factor as la. and 2b . Factor 4d . (Teacher -Student Trus t Dimension) was significant only if the other factors were present and, therefore , did contribute to the overall "impact on life". Construct validity was establ ished through factor ana lysis, while re liability and va lidity indices were established for each of the four factors . The conclus ion of this invest igation would suggest , with some additional rev isions, the four subscales could be used in further evaluation of Young Mothers Pro -
DP-Net: Learning Discriminative Parts for Image Recognition

This paper1 presents Discriminative Part Network (DP-Net), a deep architecture with strong interpretation capabilities, which exploits a pretrained Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) combined with a part-based recognition module. This system learns and detects parts in the images that are discriminative among categories, without the need for fine-tuning the CNN, making it more scalable than other part-based models. While part-based approaches naturally offer interpretable representations, we propose explanations at image and category levels and introduce specific constraints on the part learning process to make them more discrimative.
A PTV-based feature-point matching algorithm for binocular stereo photogrammetry

The procedure of feature matching is one of the most important components in binocular or multi-ocular stereoscopic photogrammetry. In this paper, a feature-point matching algorithm based on the technique of particle tracking velocimetry is proposed for the scenario of measuring complex surface morphology by dense-point three-dimensional reconstruction. The core idea is to mix the epipolar-line constraint of line-of-sight (LOS) with the measure of a global similarity pairing and estimate the depth of each feature point in an iterative way. Experimental test is conducted to verify the algorithm performance by measuring the surface topology of a wave-like model. The result demonstrates that the feature-point matching algorithm is superior to traditional LOS method in terms of accuracy and robustness. Moreover, replacing the first module of coarse matching in the proposed algorithm by LOS will save the computational cost significantly without sacrificing the measurement accuracy.
Age dating of an early Milky Way merger via asteroseismology of the naked-eye star # Indi

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. Age dating of an early Milky Way merger via asteroseismology of the naked-eye star ν Indi William Chaplin, Aldo Serenelli, Andrea Miglio, Thierry Morel, J. Ted Mackereth, Fiorenzo Vincenzo, Hans Kjeldsen, Sarbani Basu, Warrick Ball, Amalie Stokholm, et al.
Revisiting p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (MAPK) in Inflammatory Arthritis: A Narrative of the Emergence of MAPK-Activated Protein Kinase Inhibitors (MK2i)

The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38-MAPK) is a crucial signaling pathway closely involved in several physiological and cellular functions, including cell cycle, apoptosis, gene expression, and responses to stress stimuli. It also plays a central role in inflammation and immunity. Owing to disparate p38-MAPK functions, it has thus far formed an elusive drug target with failed clinical trials in inflammatory diseases due to challenges including hepatotoxicity, cardiac toxicity, lack of efficacy, and tachyphylaxis, which is a brief initial improvement with rapid disease rebound. To overcome these limitations, downstream antagonism of the p38 pathway with a MAPK-activated protein kinase (MAPKAPK, also known as MK2) blockade has demonstrated the potential to abrogate inflammation without the prior recognized toxicities. Such MK2 inhibition (MK2i) is associated with robust suppression of key pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNFα and IL-6 and others in experimental systems and in vitro. Considering this recent evidence regarding MK2i in inflammatory arthritis, we revisit the p38-MAPK pathway and discuss the literature encompassing the challenges of p38 inhibitors with a focus on this pathway. We then highlight how novel MK2i strategies, although encouraging in the pre-clinical arena, may either show evidence for efficacy or the lack of efficacy in emergent human trials data from different disease settings.
L’éco-conception maritime : le paramètre matériaux

Le fort attrait des populations pour les zones cotieres s’explique par les divers services qu’elles offrent, en particulier au niveau socio-economique. Les amenagements humains de plus en plus nombreux augmentent l’artificialisation des milieux cotiers et les pressions anthropiques sur le milieu naturel. L’histoire de la construction de recifs artificiels dans le monde met en evidence les nombreux exemples d’ouvrages destines a limiter ou a compenser les impacts humains. De nombreux materiaux ont ete utilises et des experiences passees, il ressort que le beton offre des solutions techniques fiables et peu couteuses. Ce materiau doit repondre a des exigences de resistance et de de durabilite qui se traduisent de nos jours par une formulation conforme aux specifications de l’approche performantielle. Toutefois, pour ameliorer l’integration des infrastructures cotieres, la notion d’eco-conception qui vise a reduire l’impact environnemental d’un amenagement maritime se developpe. Le dimensionnement d’un ouvrage et le choix d’un beton conformement aux dernieres avancees en durabilite et avec des objectifs d’eco- conception sont compatibles. Il est donc necessaire d’integrer les deux demarches pour avoir une vision globale et unitaire du materiau a l’ouvrage pour atteindre conjointement des performances techniques et environnementales.
Rotation XGBoost Based Method for Hyperspectral Image Classification with Limited Training Samples

The classification of hyperspectral image (HSI) has become the focus of the remote sensing field. However, limited training data, which makes the classification task face a major challenge, is inevitable in remote sensing. To eliminate the negative effects of limited labeled samples, an enhanced ensemble method named RoXGBoost, which inherently combines Rotation Forest (RoF) and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) is proposed in this paper. This algorithm could increase the diversity of base classifiers by random feature selection and data transformation. Five ensemble learning methods, Random Forest (RF), AdaBoost, RoF, Rotation Boost and XGBoost, are applied as comparisons. The results on two benchmark datasets, Indian Pines and Pavia University, demonstrate the effectiveness of the RoXGBoost.
Exploiting Adiabatic Pulses With Prepolarization in Detection of Underground Nuclear Magnetic Resonant Signals

During the excavation of underground tunnels and in ore mining, accidents related to water bursts occasionally occur. As the only technique used for the direct detection of groundwater, the nuclear magnetic resonant (NMR) method has advantages for the detection of disaster-inducing water flows. Unfortunately, the amplitudes of underground NMR (UNMR) signals are in the range of some tens of nanovolts (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$10^{-9}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> V) or even picovolts (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$10^{-12}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> V), and thus extremely susceptible to environmental noise. By increasing the macromagnetic moment of groundwater, both adiabatic pulses and prepolarization (PP) methods have been employed in surface NMR. However, when using either method, it is difficult to achieve substantial signal enhancements over large volumes. For maximum signal amplitudes, we integrated these two approaches and derived the forward formulas with adiabatic pulses under PP for UNMR. In comparison with existing methods, this new model can achieve high sensitivity and broad responses. (A 6-m antenna attains a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$10^{-5}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> V signal level for a homogeneous subsurface with 0.2 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{m}^{3}/\text{m}^{3}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> water content.) Thus, better resolution could also be provided even in a high-noise place. Overall, the large NMR signals and high resolutions make the combination of adiabatic pulses with PP a valuable approach, which is expected to open up a new application for UNMR.
Continuous geomagnetic field models for the past 7 millennia: 1. A new global data compilation

A global data set of archeomagnetic and paleomagnetic data covering the past 7000 years has been compiled. It consists of 16,085 results of inclination, 13,080 of declination, and 3188 of intensity for the time span 5000 BC to 1950 AD. Declination and inclination data come partly from existing databases and partly from original literature. A new global compilation of intensity data for the millennial scale is included. Data and dating uncertainties are discussed as we attempted to obtain an internally coherent data set. The global distribution of the data is very inhomogeneous in both time and space. All the data are compared to predictions from the previous 3000 year global model, CALS3K.1. This collection of data will be useful for global secular variation studies and geomagnetic field modeling, although southern hemisphere data are still underrepresented. In particular, we will use it in a further study to update and extend the existing global model, CALS3K.1. The huge increase in data compared to the previous compilation will result in significant changes from current models. As we might have missed some suitable data, we encourage the reader to notify us about any data that have not been included yet and might fit in, as improving our global millennial scale models remains our aim for the future. The data files described in this paper are available from the EarthRef Digital Archive (ERDA) at http://earthref.org/cgi‐bin/erda.cgi? n=331.
Perceived Stress and Mental Health Literacy Among Chinese Preschool Teachers: A Moderated Mediation Model of Anxiety and Career Resilience

Purpose Chinese public mental health is currently characterized by a high prevalence of mental ill health and a low consultation rate, due primarily to the nation’s low mental health literacy. Previous studies have shown that occupational stress may be a risk factor for mental health literacy. In China, preschool teachers are under high pressure; however, few studies have examined the mechanisms that mediate and moderate the relationship between preschool teachers’ feelings of stress and their mental health literacy. Methods A questionnaire was administered to 2352 preschool teachers to explore the relationship between their stress perceptions and mental health literacy. Results Preschool teachers’ perceived stress was significantly and negatively associated with their mental health literacy, with anxiety playing a partially mediating role. Preschool teachers’ career resilience moderated the relationship between perceived stress and anxiety. Perceived stress positively predicted anxiety for teachers with low levels of career resilience; for teachers with high levels of career resilience, perceived stress still positively predicted anxiety, and the higher the level of career resilience, the weaker the positive prediction of stress perception on anxiety. Conclusion Perceived stress directly predicted mental health literacy among preschool teachers, and also indirectly predicted mental health literacy through the mediating role of anxiety. Career resilience moderated the relationship between stress perception and anxiety. These findings provide new perspectives on the treatment and prevention of preschool teachers’ mental ill health.