Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimal image alignment with random projections of manifolds : algorithm and geometric analysis

This paper addresses image alignment based on random measurements. Image alignment consists in estimating the relative transformation between a query image and a reference image. We consider the specific problem where the query image is not given exactly, but rather provided in a compressed form with linear measurements captured by a vision sensor. According to the theory behind compressed sensing, image alignment can still be performed effectively in this case, provided that the number of measurements is sufficiently large. We cast the alignment problem as a manifold distance minimization problem in the linear subspace defined by the measurements. We then show that, when the reference image is sparsely represented over parametric dictionaries, the corresponding objective function can be decomposed as the difference of two convex functions (DC). Thus the optimization problem becomes a DC program, which in turn can be solved globally optimally by, e.g., a cutting plane method. The quality of the solution is typically affected by the number of random measurements and the condition number of the manifold that describes the transformations of the reference image. We show that the manifold condition number remains bounded in our image alignment problem, which means that the relative transformation between two images can be determined optimally in a reduced subspace.
on Intelligent Manufacturing and Automation , DAAAM 2014 Evaluation of PCA , LDA and Fisherfaces in Appearance-Based Object Detection in Thermal Infra-Red Images with Incomplete Data

Object detection in outdoor environments is a challenging task. One is not only confronted with the problem of acquiring a sufficient amount of training images, but also the issue of huge variation in the objects appearance due to changing weather and light conditions. When using appearance-based object detection algorithms, such as in this paper, dimensional reduction of input data is an integral component to reduce computational costs and improve reliability. Based on the probabilistic classification method of Gaussian classifiers this paper examines the effect different dimensional reduction approaches have on the classification performance of thermal infra-red object images with respect to incomplete training data. It is shown that in the detection task at hand, which is to find the rear end of a truck in a thermal infra-red image, a reduction approach that combines principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) is less sensitive to missing data. © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Peer-review under responsibility of DAAAM International Vienna.
Uniqueness Results for a Class of Semilinear Elliptic Systems

where Ω is a bounded domain in R with smooth boundary ∂Ω and λ,μ are large positive parameters, m ≥ 0 and f, g : R −→ R. In the literature many results focus on the existence and uniqueness of positive solutions to boundary value problems, and we refer the reader to the papers [2-6, 11-14]. For example, In [2,6] the authors consider the existence of positive solutions for the p-Laplacian system with large λ:
Transversal polynomial of r-fold covers

We construct a cover of a graph $X$ by blowing up each vertex to a set of $r$ vertices and joining each pair of sets corresponding to adjacent vertices by a matching with $r$ edges. To each cover $Y$ of $X$ we associate a polynomial $\xi(Y,t)$, called the transversal polynomial. The coefficient $t^k$ of $\xi(Y,t)$ is the number of $k$-edge induced subgraphs of $Y$ whose vertex set is a transversal of the set system given by the blown-up vertices. We show that $\xi(Y,t)$ satisfies a contraction-deletion formula, and that if $n=|V(X)|$ and the cover has index $r$, then $\xi(Y,-(r-1)) \equiv 0 \mod r^n$. We see that $\xi(Y,t)$ has interesting connections to unique label covers and correspondence colouring.
Pose-Graph Optimization Feature Tracking Current Frame Previous Frame Connect key frames Estimate relative similarity transformation Feature Association Active Key Frame Update Local Map Estimate camera-point constraint Rank-1 factorization Visual Odometry Enough Feature Tracks ? Yes No Multi-stage 

Many monocular visual SLAM algorithms are derived from incremental structure-from-motion (SfM) methods. This work proposes a novel monocular SLAM method which integrates recent advances made in global SfM. In particular, we present two main contributions to visual SLAM. First, we solve the visual odometry problem by a novel rank1 matrix factorization technique which is more robust to the errors in map initialization. Second, we adopt a recent global SfM method for the pose-graph optimization, which leads to a multi-stage linear formulation and enables L1 optimization for better robustness to false loops. The combination of these two approaches generates more robust reconstruction and is significantly faster (4⇥) than recent state-of-the-art SLAM systems. We also present a new dataset recorded with ground truth camera motion in a Vicon motion capture room, and compare our method to prior systems on it and established benchmark datasets.
Interval bigraphs and circular arc graphs

We prove that the complements of interval bigraphs are precisely those circular arc graphs of clique covering number two, which admit a representation without two arcs covering the whole circle. We give another characterization of interval bigraphs, in terms of a vertex ordering, that we hope may prove helpful in finding a more efficient recognition algorithm than presently known. We use these results to show equality, amongst bipartite graphs, of several classes of structured graphs (proper interval bigraphs, complements of proper circular arc graphs, asteroidal‐triple‐free graphs, permutation graphs, and co‐comparability graphs). Our results verify a conjecture of Lundgren and disprove a conjecture of Müller. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 46: 313–327, 2004
Transparent, High-Force, and High-Stiffness Control of Haptic Actuators with Backlash

Haptic actuators employing speed reductions display desirable increased force capability but have difficulty producing feelings of free space motion due to friction and inertia magnification implicit to actuator dynamics. This work describes a control topology that enables geared haptic actuators to produce highly transparent free space motion when combined with backlash nonlinearities. While the presence of backlash enables the proposed free space motion control, it is also a source of instability, limit cycles, and to some extent rendering distortion. We introduce a smoothed gain scheduling function to mitigate limit cycling and expand the range of stable impedances that can be rendered. The introduction of a design metric called the free space envelope provides a framework to evaluate the effectiveness of the free space controller. Together these two control approaches enable transparent free space, high-force, and stable haptic interactions in systems with backlash, a characteristic common in many speed reducers.
U n i v e r s i t ä t P o t s d a m

Background: Biological systems adapt to changing environments by reorganizing their cellular and physiological program with metabolites representing one important response level. Different stresses lead to both conserved and specific responses on the metabolite level which should be reflected in the underlying metabolic network. Methodology/Principal Findings: Starting from experimental data obtained by a GC-MS based high-throughput metabolic profiling technology we here develop an approach that: (1) extracts network representations from metabolic condition dependent data by using pairwise correlations, (2) determines the sets of stable and condition-dependent correlations based on a combination of statistical significance and homogeneity tests, and (3) can identify metabolites related to the stress response, which goes beyond simple observations about the changes of metabolic concentrations. The approach was tested with Escherichia coli as a model organism observed under four different environmental stressconditions (cold stress, heat stress, oxidative stress, lactose diauxie) and control unperturbed conditions. By constructing the stable network component, which displays a scalefree topology and small-world characteristics, we demonstrated that: (1) metabolite hubs in this reconstructed correlation networks are significantly enriched for those contained in biochemical networks such as EcoCyc, (2) particular components of the stable network are enriched for functionally related biochemical pathways, and (3) independently of the response scale, based on their importance in the reorganization of the correlation network a set of metabolites can be identified which represent hypothetical candidates for adjusting to a stress-specific response. Conclusions/Significance: Network-based tools allowed the identification of stress-dependent and general metabolic correlation networks.This correlation-network-ba sed approach does not rely on major changes in concentration to identify metabolites important for stress adaptation, but rather on the changes in network properties with respect to metabolites. This should represent a useful complementary technique in addition to more classical approaches
Parathyroid Hormone-related Protein Gene Expression in Human Squamous Carcinoma Cells Is Repressed by Mutant Isoforms of p53'

E1B 19, respectively. Because there was some degree of heterogeneity in the transfected cells with respect to mutant p53 expression and El B expression, we chose to perform experiments ABSTRACT Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) is a normal secretory product of a variety of squamous epithelia, including epidermal kerati nocytes. Only a subset of squamous carcinomas, however, express the gene at levels sufficient to cause humoral hypercalcemia. In the present study, comparison of PTHrP expression levels with p53 functional status In a series of squamous carcinoma lines has revealed an association between expression ofspeciflc mutant isoforms ofp53 and very low levels of PTHrP mRNA. Evaluation of p53 isoforms with mutations in codons 248 and 273 showed them to be capable of repressing PTHrP gene expression in a high-expressing, p53-negative squamous line by approximately 50%. Con versely, inactivation of an endogenous mutant p53 with E1B proteins resulted in an Increase in PTHrP expression in a low-expressing cell line. Subsequent analysis of promoter-specific PTHrP transcripts in a p53- negative squamous line transfected with mutant p53 isoforms suggested that down-regulation occurred primarily at the two TATA-based promot eN. Direct testing of a murine PTHrP reporter construct in transient transfection assays confirmed the capacity of the 248 and 273 mutants to repress this TATA-based promoter, although only about halfas effectively as wild-type p53. to native A43 I cells, a clear increase in PTHrP mRNA expression was observed in the transfected lines that expressed both El B proteins (lines b-) as well as those that expressed the 55-kDa or 19-kDa isoforms alone (lines 55 and 19. respectively). Fold induction of each of the EIB lanes relative to the A431 lanes was determined by densitometric scanning using the f3-actin standard from each lane. The variable induction of PTHrP mRNA was probably due in part to the clonal variability of E1B isoform expression. Preliminary experiments using E1B expression plasmids and 5' PTHrP constructs transiently transfected into the p53-negative cell line A253 suggested that El B did not directly activate PTHrP gene expression: these results indicate that El B can relieve the repression of PTHrP gene expression. implicating p53 as the agent of that repression.
Analysis of microwave components and circuits using the iterative method

This article presents an efficient implementation of an iterative method that includes a fast‐mode transformation (FMT). The method has the advantages of simplicity and not involving basis functions and inversion of matrices, as used in other calculation methods. Therefore, this approach has the potential to be capable of analysing larger bodies than other classical techniques. An implementation of the iterative calculation is shown for the extraction of S parameters of microwave components and antennas. The good agreement between the simulation results and experimental published data justifies the design procedure and validates the present analysis approach. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 14, 404–414, 2004.
Reflecting back and forwards: The ebb and flow of peer-reviewed reflective practice research in sport

Researchers in sport have claimed that reflective practice is important for competent practice. Evidence supporting this claim is sparse, highly theoretical and located within a variety of domains. The aim of this study was to assimilate and analyse the last twelve years of reflective practice literature within the sport domain in order to identify new areas of inquiry, emerging trends with regards to findings or methodology, and to identify implications for future research and practice. A sample of 68 papers published between 2001 and 2012 was examined, and investigated for the research locations, data collection methods utilized, and the professions and communities involved. The paper concludes with some suggestions for future research.
Convergence of rescaled competing species processes to a class of

• A submitted manuscript is the author's version of the article upon submission and before peer-review. There can be important differences between the submitted version and the official published version of record. People interested in the research are advised to contact the author for the final version of the publication, or visit the DOI to the publisher's website. • The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review. • The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers.
Weak interaction physics at ISOLDE

Radioactive nuclei offer unique possibilities to study the structure and symmetries of the weak interaction in nuclear β decay. The large variety of nuclear states available allows selecting the ones that are best suited to study the phenomena of interest with optimal sensitivity, while at the same time minimising the effects of nuclear structure. The ISOLDE facility, offering worldwide the largest variety and intensity of radioactive beams, is one of the best suited laboratories in this respect. Over the last decade or so different aspects of the weak interaction have been studied at ISOLDE, ranging from half-lives, branching ratios and nuclear masses relevant for the determination of the V ( )ud( ) quark-mixing matrix element, over β-asymmetry and $\beta \nu $ correlation measurements searching for possible tensor and/or scalar contributions to the weak interaction, up to a measurement showing the effect of parity violation in the weak interaction in gamma decay. In addition, new projects respectively searching for scalar currents in the β-delayed proton decay of (32)Ar, or to determine the V ( )ud( ) quark-mixing matrix element from the β-asymmetry parameter in the mirror decay of (35)Ar, have just started.
Identifying influential spreaders in complex networks through local effective spreading paths

How to effectively identify a set of influential spreaders in complex networks is of great theoretical and practical value, which can help to inhibit the rapid spread of epidemics, promote the sales of products by word-of-mouth advertising, and so on. A naive strategy is to select the top ranked nodes as identified by some centrality indices, and other strategies are mainly based on greedy methods and heuristic methods. However, most of those approaches did not concern the connections between nodes. Usually, the distances between the selected spreaders are very close, leading to a serious overlapping of their influence. As a consequence, the global influence of the spreaders in networks will be greatly reduced, which largely restricts the performance of those methods. In this paper, a simple and efficient method is proposed to identify a set of discrete yet influential spreaders. By analyzing the spreading paths in the network, we present the concept of effective spreading paths and measure the influence of nodes via expectation calculation. The numerical analysis in undirected and directed networks all show that our proposed method outperforms many other centrality-based and heuristic benchmarks, especially in large-scale networks. Besides, experimental results on different spreading models and parameters demonstrates the stability and wide applicability of our method.
ENTROPIAS DE SHANNON E RÉNYI APLICADAS AO RECONHECIMENTO DE PADRÕES SHANNON AND RÉNYI'S ENTROPY APPLIED TO PATTERN RECO GNIZE

This paper presents and discusses the concepts of e ntropy and mutual information in Information Theory applied to pattern recognize, based mainly on the i deas of Shannon and Renyi. Based on the diversity o f application of the theory, as in engineering, stati stics, economics and informatics and the few litera ture in Portuguese, is exposed a way of using the entropy a pplied to the academic researches, with an applicat ion showed for the construction of decision tree. Are a lso discussed similarities and differences with the physical
A radiation closure study of Arctic stratus cloud microphysical properties using the collocated satellite‐surface data and Fu‐Liou radiative transfer model

Retrievals of cloud microphysical properties based on passive satellite imagery are especially difficult over snow‐covered surfaces because of the bright and cold surface. To help quantify their uncertainties, single‐layered overcast liquid‐phase Arctic stratus cloud microphysical properties retrieved by using the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System Edition 2 and Edition 4 (CERES Ed2 and Ed4) algorithms are compared with ground‐based retrievals at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement North Slope of Alaska (ARM NSA) site at Barrow, AK, during the period from March 2000 to December 2006. A total of 206 and 140 snow‐free cases (Rsfc ≤ 0.3), and 108 and 106 snow cases (Rsfc > 0.3), respectively, were selected from Terra and Aqua satellite passes over the ARM NSA site. The CERES Ed4 and Ed2 optical depth (τ) and liquid water path (LWP) retrievals from both Terra and Aqua are almost identical and have excellent agreement with ARM retrievals under snow‐free and snow conditions. In order to reach a radiation closure study for both the surface and top of atmosphere (TOA) radiation budgets, the ARM precision spectral pyranometer‐measured surface albedos were adjusted (63.6% and 80% of the ARM surface albedos for snow‐free and snow cases, respectively) to account for the water and land components of the domain of 30 km × 30 km. Most of the radiative transfer model calculated SW↓sfc and SW↑TOA fluxes by using ARM and CERES cloud retrievals and the domain mean albedos as input agree with the ARM and CERES flux observations within 10 W m−2 for both snow‐free and snow conditions. Sensitivity studies show that the ARM LWP and re retrievals are less dependent on solar zenith angle (SZA), but all retrieved optical depths increase with SZA.
Effects of planar shear on the three-dimensional instability in flow past a circular cylinder

A Floquet stability analysis has been carried out in order to investigate how a planar shear in wake flow affects the three-dimensional (3D) instability in the near-wake region. We consider a circular cylinder immersed in a freestream with planar shear. The cylinder was implemented in a Cartesian grid system by means of an immersed boundary method. Planar shear tends to promote the primary instability, known as Hopf bifurcation where steady flow bifurcates into time-periodic flow, in the sense that its critical Reynolds number decreases with increasing planar shear. The effects of planar shear on the 3D instability are different depending on the type of 3D instability. The flow asymmetry caused by the planar shear suppresses a QP-type mode but generates a C-type mode. The conventional A and B modes are stabilized by the planar shear, whereas mode C is intensified with increasing shear. The criticality of each 3D mode is discussed, and the neutral stability curves for each 3D mode are presented. The curren.
Predictive Control of Networked Nonlinear Multiagent Systems With Communication Constraints

This paper investigates the control problem of networked nonlinear multiagent systems with communication constraints and unknown dynamics, based on system input–output data. A cost function for the design of networked nonlinear multiagent control systems is presented, which considers not only the coordination performance between agents but also the performance of individual agents. Utilizing a data model to represent discrete-time nonlinear multiagent systems, a networked data-driven predictive control scheme is proposed to optimize control performance, compensate for communication constrains, and achieve both consensus and stability of networked nonlinear multiagent systems. An optimal control protocol is derived, which minimizes the cost function and makes compensation for communication constraints. The criteria of achieving both consensus and stability of networked nonlinear multiagent systems are provided. An example illustrates the performance of the proposed networked data-driven predictive control scheme.
Paediatric head injury.

Minor trauma to the head is common in childhood and does not require any medical or surgical treatment. Nevertheless, head injury in infancy and childhood is the single most common cause of death (Luerssen et al. , 1988) and permanent disability. Measurable deficits occur even after mild to moderate head injury but are markedly greater after severe injury. They include impaired cognition, motor impairments, disruption of attention and information processing, and psychiatric disturbances (Adelson and Kochanek, 1998). Despite the frequency of the sequelae of head injury in childhood, there is relatively little information about the structural basis of the clinical deficits. The classical literature suggests that the immature brain and its coverings, at a time when it is rapidly acquiring new information, respond differently from the adult brain when subjected to an equivalent amount of mechanical force, whether mediated by contact or inertial loading. However, any discussion about the mechanisms of injury must consider uncertainties about non-accidental injuries sustained in the context of child abuse. For obvious reasons it has been difficult to determine the true epidemiology of non-accidental injury, although child abuse is …
An Optical Diagnostic for Instantaneous Measurements of Soot Volume Fraction, Primary Particle Diameter and Mean Aggregate Radius of Gyration in Large Turbulent Flames

This thesis details the development of an optical diagnostic capable of making simultaneous, instantaneous measurements of the soot volume fraction, soot primary particle diameter, and soot mean aggregate radius of gyration in large, turbulent, non-premixed flames. A combination of auto compensating laser induced incandescence and elastic light scattering was used to make the measurements. The produced optical measurement system was validated by quantifying soot within a reference co-annular laminar diffusion flame. Results agreed with the published data at the same flame conditions within precisely calculated measurements uncertainties obtained with Monte Carlo analysis. This analysis revealed that with larger optical measurement volumes the overall uncertainties are dominated by uncertainty in the optical and fractal properties of soot which are common to all optical diagnostics. The results demonstrate that the developed soot measurement system is ready to be used to make measurements on large turbulent flames.