Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Oclusión crónica total coronaria y lesiones en bifurcaciones, lecciones del manejo contemporáneo: reporte de caso

RESUMEN La enfermedad coronaria que involucra las oclusiones crónicas y las lesiones en bifurcación continúa siendo un reto para el cardiólogo intervencionista. La mejora en las técnicas ha permitido tener una mayor tasa de éxito; sin embargo, la mejor estrategia de intervención es desconocida en este subgrupo de pacientes con oclusiones crónicas y lesiones en bifurcaciones asociadas. Presentamos el caso de un paciente en quien, en una angiografía por estudio de dolor torácico, se evidencia una oclusión total crónica y una lesión en bifurcación que fueron tratadas de manera exitosa por intervencionismo coronario.
Introns and Their Therapeutic Applications in Biomedical Researches

Context: Although for a long time, it was thought that intervening sequences (introns) were junk DNA without any function, their critical roles and the underlying molecular mechanisms in genome regulation have only recently come to light. Introns not only carry information for splicing, but they also play many supportive roles in gene regulation at different levels. They are supposed to function as useful tools in various biological processes, particularly in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Introns can contribute to numerous biological processes, including gene silencing, gene imprinting, transcription, mRNA metabolism, mRNA nuclear export, mRNA localization, mRNA surveillance, RNA editing, NMD, translation, protein stability, ribosome biogenesis, cell growth, embryonic development, apoptosis, molecular evolution, genome expansion, and proteome diversity through various mechanisms. Evidence Acquisition: In order to fulfill the objectives of this study, the following databases were searched: Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, EBSCO, Open Access Journals, and Google Scholar. Only articles published in English were included. Results & Conclusions: The intervening sequences of eukaryotic genes have critical functions in genome regulation, as well as in molecular evolution. Here, we summarize recent advances in our understanding of how introns influence genome regulation, as well as their effects on molecular evolution. Moreover, therapeutic strategies based on intron sequences are discussed. According to the obtained results, a thorough understanding of intron functional mechanisms could lead to new opportunities in disease diagnosis and therapies, as well as in biotechnology applications.
Spatial variation in avian bill size is associated with temperature extremes in a major radiation of Australian passerines

Morphology is integral to body temperature regulation. Recent advances in understanding of thermal physiology suggest a role of the avian bill in thermoregulation. To explore the adaptive significance of bill size for thermoregulation we characterized relationships between bill size and climate extremes. Most previous studies focused on climate means, ignoring frequencies of extremes, and do not reflect thermoregulatory costs experienced over shorter time scales. Using 79 species (9847 museum specimens), we explore how bill size variation is associated with temperature extremes in a large and diverse radiation of Australasian birds, Meliphagides, testing a series of predictions. Overall, across the continent, bill size variation was associated with both climate extremes and means and was most strongly associated with winter temperatures; associations at the level of climate zones differed from continent-wide associations and were complex, yet consistent with physiology and a thermoregulatory role for avian bills. Responses to high summer temperatures were nonlinear suggesting they may be difficult to detect in large-scale continental analyses using previous methodologies. We provide strong evidence that climate extremes have contributed to the evolution of bill morphology in relation to thermoregulation and show the importance of including extremes to understand fine-scale trait variation across space.
Predictive model of acute kidney injury in critically ill patients with acute pancreatitis: a machine learning approach using the MIMIC-IV database

Abstract Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and serious complication in severe acute pancreatitis (AP), associated with high mortality rate. Early detection of AKI is crucial for prompt intervention and better outcomes. This study aims to develop and validate predictive models using machine learning (ML) to identify the onset of AKI in patients with AP. Methods Patients with AP were extracted from the MIMIC-IV database. We performed feature selection using the random forest method. Model construction involved an ensemble of ML, including random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), k-nearest neighbors (KNN), naive Bayes (NB), neural network (NNET), generalized linear model (GLM), and gradient boosting machine (GBM). The best-performing model was fine-tuned and evaluated through split-set validation. Results We analyzed 1,235 critically ill patients with AP, of which 667 cases (54%) experienced AKI during hospitalization. We used 49 variables to construct models, including GBM, GLM, KNN, NB, NNET, RF, and SVM. The AUC for these models was 0.814 (95% CI, 0.763 to 0.865), 0.812 (95% CI, 0.769 to 0.854), 0.671 (95% CI, 0.622 to 0.719), 0.812 (95% CI, 0.780 to 0.864), 0.688 (95% CI, 0.624 to 0.752), 0.809 (95% CI, 0.766 to 0.851), and 0.810 (95% CI, 0.763 to 0.856) respectively. In the test set, the GBM’s performance was consistent, with an area of 0.867 (95% CI, 0.831 to 0.903). Conclusions The GBM model’s precision is crucial, aiding clinicians in identifying high-risk patients and enabling timely interventions to reduce mortality rates in critical care.
Seize the engine: Emerging cell cycle targets in breast cancer

Abstract Breast cancer arises from a series of molecular alterations that disrupt cell cycle checkpoints, leading to aberrant cell proliferation and genomic instability. Targeted pharmacological inhibition of cell cycle regulators has long been considered a promising anti‐cancer strategy. Initial attempts to drug critical cell cycle drivers were hampered by poor selectivity, modest efficacy and haematological toxicity. Advances in our understanding of the molecular basis of cell cycle disruption and the mechanisms of resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors have reignited interest in blocking specific components of the cell cycle machinery, such as CDK2, CDK4, CDK7, PLK4, WEE1, PKMYT1, AURKA and TTK. These targets play critical roles in regulating quiescence, DNA replication and chromosome segregation. Extensive preclinical data support their potential to overcome CDK4/6 inhibitor resistance, induce synthetic lethality or sensitise tumours to immune checkpoint inhibitors. This review provides a biological and drug development perspective on emerging cell cycle targets and novel inhibitors, many of which exhibit favourable safety profiles and promising activity in clinical trials.
Evaluation of Intrasubject Parallelism in Balanced Ex Vivo Bioassay Using One-sided Efficient Score Tests of Slope Difference Quantile

In a relative potency assessment, it is necessary to make assumptions about the similarities between substances and their dose-response profile. For example, in a parallel line bioassay which uses the dose-response data within the linear response range, we need to demonstrate that the dose-response slopes of the study substances are approximately parallel. When using multiple animals for testing, it is also crucial to confirm that this parallelism exists not only for the averages but also within each animal (Uehara et al. 2016a). Meanwhile, when applying a linear mixed effect model to the analysis of parallel line assays, the between-substance difference of the slopes can be treated as a random effect. Thus, under a balanced assay design, we can derive an efficient score test to assess the quantile of the slope difference (McCulloch et al. 2008), which enables us to determine whether the majority of animals have their slope difference within the acceptable range. We applied this approach to the assessment of intrasubject parallelism with the intention of ameliorating the conservatism of our previous method (Uehara et al. 2016b). We present an example that uses the proposed method, along with the results of simulation studies.
Seismicity and tectonics of eastern Anatolia

Eastern Anatolia had been subject to destructive earthquakes during various geological epochs. Although there are many historical records about epicenter location and intensity for those events, we could only have reliable information since the instrumental period. We have studied the seismicity and tectonics of Eastern Anatolia (36-42° N, 35-45° E) using the earthquake data for the period of 1950-1988. Attention has been focused on the three main tectonic units of the region: North Anatolian Fault, East Anatolian Fault and Bitlis Thrust Belt Focal depth distributions and focal mechanism solutions have been analyzed to construct a tectonic model. The orientation of maximum compressional stress axes mostly lies in the N-S direction causing right lateral strike-slip motions along the North Anatolian Fault and Left lateral motions along the Eastern Anatolian Fault. Magnitude-frequency relations have also been obtained. The b values for the northern and southern parts of the region have been obtained as 1.07 and 1.03, respectively.
In silico modelling of the effect of pyloric intervention procedures on gastric flow and emptying in a stomach with gastroparesis

Pyloric interventions are surgical procedures employed to increase the gastric emptying rate in gastroparesis patients. In this study, we use an in silico model to investigate the consequences of pyloric intervention on gastric flow and emptying for two phenotypes of gastroparesis: antral hypomotility and decreased gastric tone. The transpyloric pressure gradient predicted by the in silico model, based on viscous fluid flow equations, is compared against in vivo measurements. Both phenotypes exhibit a similar pre-procedural emptying rate reduction, but after pyloric surgery, antral hypomotility case with preserved gastric tone shows significant improvements in emptying rates, up to 131%, accompanied by bile reflux from the duodenum into the stomach. Conversely, severely reduced gastric tone cases exhibited a post-procedural reduction in the net emptying rate due to the relatively larger bile reflux. In cases with a combination of antral hypomotility and reduced gastric tone, post-procedural improvements were observed only when both conditions were mild. Our findings highlight the pivotal role of the relative increase in pyloric orifice diameter in determining post-operative emptying rates. The study suggests a possible explanation for the selective response of patients toward these procedures and underscores the potential of in silico modelling to generate valuable insights to inform gastric surgery.
A high-quality draft genome sequence of Neonectria faginata, causative agent of beech bark disease of Fagus grandifolia

ABSTRACT The draft genome of Neonectria faginata was sequenced with Oxford Nanopore and Illumina 250 bp paired-end sequencing technologies. The assembled genome was 42.9 Mb distributed over 24 contigs, with N50 of 4.4 Mb and 98.6% BUSCO completeness. This genome sequence will aid in understanding N. faginata population structure and ecology.
Gas-Selective Catalytic Regulation by a Newly Identified Globin-Coupled Sensor Phosphodiesterase Containing an HD-GYP Domain from the Human Pathogen Vibrio fluvialis

Globin-coupled sensors constitute an important family of heme-based gas sensors, an emerging class of heme proteins. In this study, we have identified and characterized a globin-coupled sensor phosphodiesterase containing an HD-GYP domain (GCS-HD-GYP) from the human pathogen Vibrio fluvialis, which is an emerging foodborne pathogen of increasing public health concern. The amino acid sequence encoded by the AL536_01530 gene from V. fluvialis indicated the presence of an N-terminal globin domain and a C-terminal HD-GYP domain, with HD-GYP domains shown previously to display phosphodiesterase activity toward bis(3′,5′)-cyclic dimeric guanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP), a bacterial second messenger that regulates numerous important physiological functions in bacteria, including in bacterial pathogens. Optical absorption spectral properties of GCS-HD-GYP were found to be similar to those of myoglobin and hemoglobin and of other bacterial globin-coupled sensors. The binding of O2 to the Fe(II) heme iron complex of GCS-HD-GYP promoted the catalysis of the hydrolysis of c-di-GMP to its linearized product, 5′-phosphoguanylyl-(3′,5′)-guanosine (pGpG), whereas CO and NO binding did not enhance the catalysis, indicating a strict discrimination of these gaseous ligands. These results shed new light on the molecular mechanism of gas-selective catalytic regulation by globin-coupled sensors, with these advances apt to lead to a better understanding of the family of globin-coupled sensors, a still growing family of heme-based gas sensors. In addition, given the importance of c-di-GMP in infection and virulence, our results suggested that GCS-HD-GYP could play an important role in the ability of V. fluvialis to sense O2 and NO in the context of host–pathogen interactions.
Short Non-Binary Low-Density Parity-Check Codes for Phase Noise Channels

This paper considers the design of short non-binary low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes over finite fields of order <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$m$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, for channels with phase noise. In particular, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$m$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-ary differential phase-shift keying (DPSK)-modulated code symbols are transmitted over an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel with the Wiener phase noise. At the receiver side, non-coherent detection takes place, with the help of a multi-symbol detection algorithm, followed by a non-binary decoding step. Both the detector and the decoder operate on a joint factor graph. As a benchmark, finite length bounds and information rate expressions are computed and compared with the codeword error rate (CER) performance, as well as the iterative threshold of the obtained codes. As a result, performance within 1.2 dB from finite-length bounds is obtained, down to a CER of 10<sup>−3</sup>.
Bioassay of Industrial Waste Pollutants

Persistent contaminants in the environment affect human health and ecosystems. It is important to assess the risks of these pollutants for environmental policy. Ecological risk assessment (ERA) is a tool to estimate adverse effects on the environment from chemical or physical stressors. It is anticipated that ERA will be the main tool used by the U.S. Department of Energy (US DOE) to accomplish waste management [1]. Toxicity bioassays are the important line of evidence in an ERA. Recent environmental legislation and increased awareness of the risk of soil and water pollution have stimulated a demand for sensitive and rapid bioassays that use indigenous and ecologically relevant organisms to detect the early stages of pollution and monitor subsequent ecosystem change. Aquatic ecotoxicology has rapidly matured into a practical discipline since its official beginnings in the 1970s [2–4]. Integrated biological/chemical ecotoxicological strategies and assessment schemes have been generally favored since the 1980s to better comprehend the acute and chronic insults that chemical agents can have on biological integrity [5–8]. However, the experience gained with the bioassay of solid or slimelike wastes is as yet inadequate. At present the risk assessment of contaminated objects is mainly based on the chemical analyses of a priority list of toxic substances. This analytical approach does not allow for mixture toxicity, nor does it take into account the bioavailability of the pollutants present. In this respect, bioassays provide an alternative because they constitute a measure for environmentally relevant toxicity, that is, the effects of bioavailable fraction of an interacting set of pollutants in a complex environmental matrix [9–12]. The use of bioasssay in the control strategies for chemical pollution has several advantages over chemical monitoring. First, these methods measure effects in which the bioavailability of the compounds of interest is integrated with the concentration of the compounds and their intrinsic toxicity. Secondly, most biological measurements form the only way of integrating the effects on a large number of individual and interactive processes. Biomonitoring methods are often cheaper, more precise, and more sensitive than chemical analysis in detecting adverse
Ant Colony System: Finding Shortest Path for Fire Fighters

Ant Colony System (ACS) is not a new theory to be discussed among researchers as well in industry. It is proven in optimizing complexity in sense this research area has a lot of technology enhancement towards developing better society. ACS on this research purpose covers the need of fire fighters in finding shortest path to emergency incident. This research will be focusing on Fire and Rescue Department of Malaysia, specifically on Fire Operational & Rescue Division. By using qualitative method in finding requirements, with Rapid Application Development methodology in order to produce a ACS-GPS Map Plotter application that based on Android OS.
Developing a web-based system to visualize vegetation trends by a nonlinear regression algorithm

Comparing with traditional linear regression methods that used to monitor vegetation trends, a nonlinear regression algorithm (PolyTrend) developed by Jamali et al. (2014) can provide more accurate information of vegetation trends by fitting a polynomial line with a degree of up to three for ASCII-formed time-series NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) dataset of a single pixel. To extend the ability of the PolyTrend algorithm for processing time-series NDVI satellite imagery and to increase its accessibility, a web-based system for visualizing vegetation trends by the PolyTrend algorithm has been developed. The PolyTrend web-based system allows users to define the value of statistical significance of the PolyTrend algorithm, the nominal range of the input data, and the range of desired NDVI input to be processed. It applies the PolyTrend algorithm to each pixel of the uploaded time-series NDVI satellite imagery dataset. It returns the types of vegetation changes, the slope of the changes of NDVI values in the whole time span, and whether the net change of NDVI increases or decreases during this period, in the forms of ASCII files (i.e. text files) and binary files (i.e. images). By refining the existing PolyTrend algorithm written in MATLAB and embedding it in a web environment, the PolyTrend web-based system has proved its ability in monitoring global vegetation trends using raw time-series NDVI satellite imagery. (Less)
Further hydration investigations involving Portland cement and the substitution of limestone for gypsum

On etudie la possibilite d'un remplacement partiel du gypse par le calcaire sans nuire a la prise du ciment ni a sa resistance a la compression. Les hydrates de mono- et tricarboaluminates de calcium formes au debut de l'hydratation en presence de calcaire sont caracterises par spectrometrie IR. Chaque systeme clinker-gypse-calcaire doit etre teste individuellement de facon a ce qu'on puisse determiner le niveau optimal de remplacement du gypse par le calcaire sans nuire aux performances du ciment
Passive exposure to task-relevant stimuli enhances categorization learning

Learning to perform a perceptual decision task is generally achieved through sessions of effortful practice with feedback. Here, we investigated how passive exposure to task-relevant stimuli, which is relatively effortless and does not require feedback, influences active learning. First, we trained mice in a sound-categorization task with various schedules combining passive exposure and active training. Mice that received passive exposure exhibited faster learning, regardless of whether this exposure occurred entirely before active training or was interleaved between active sessions. We next trained neural-network models with different architectures and learning rules to perform the task. Networks that use the statistical properties of stimuli to enhance separability of the data via unsupervised learning during passive exposure provided the best account of the behavioral observations. We further found that, during interleaved schedules, there is an increased alignment between weight updates from passive exposure and active training, such that a few interleaved sessions can be as effective as schedules with long periods of passive exposure before active training, consistent with our behavioral observations. These results provide key insights for the design of efficient training schedules that combine active learning and passive exposure in both natural and artificial systems.
Evaluation of GPS and RADAR data for Analysis of Target Tracking System

Summary: The GPS data is obtained by the target and host aircrafts. The data obtained from the GPS is in the NEMA format. Each target aircraft will pass the parameters such as longitude, latitude, altitude, speed and range to the Host. The HOST aircraft stores the information and uses the same to display on the map. To improve the accuracy and to obtain the multiple flying targets position relative/absolute to the HOST aircraft during sortie, a perfect and efficient multiple tracking systems like RADAR is available. The RADAR data is fine tuned to better the performance in tracking the multiple TARGETs accurately. To do so the navigation parameters of both HOST and TARGET aircrafts received through GPS receivers and RADAR is recorded in separate files on-line, in an industrial computer onboard HOST aircraft during sorties and use the same data in offline for analyzing. MIL-STD 1553B bus is used to get data from multiple target system in Asynchronous mode. All the information obtained by the RADAR is stored in a file. Each and every line of the file is read by the system and after parsing the entire file for 4-R-1-1 and 4-R-2-30 messages all the valid data is written to another file. This file contains all the valid RADAR data. Now this file is parsed line by line to get the time tag information and GPS Host and Target file is opened and checked for the corresponding time tag and a comparison is made if they match then the other information such as speed, azimuth, range etc., are extracted and displayed on the GUI with aircraft positions. If there is no corresponding GPS data for the time tag extracted by the RADAR, then interpolation of the GPS data for the corresponding RADAR time tag data is carried out and simultaneously the user will be shown navigation specific messages and data on the Graph.