Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Accelerated Two-Stage Particle Swarm Optimization for Clustering Not-Well-Separated Data

Cluster analysis is a data mining technique that has been widely used to exploit useful information in a great amount of data. Because of their evaluation mechanism based on an intracluster distance (ICD) function, traditional single-objective clustering algorithms are not appropriate for not-well-separated data. Specifically, they may easily result in the drop of the optimal solution accuracy on their late stages of search when dealing with the latter. To overcome the problem, in this paper a novel index reflecting the similarity of data within a cluster is presented and called intracluster cohesion (ICC). However, if a multiobjective method is used to cluster with ICD and ICC as the specified objectives, its clustering accuracy may depend on one’s experience. Motivated by these, we propose an accelerated two-stage particle swarm optimization (ATPSO) in which ${K}$ -means is utilized to accelerate particles’ convergence during the population initialization. Its clustering process consists of two stages. First, the main objective of minimizing ICD is to execute preliminary clustering; second, ICC is optimized to promote the clustering accuracy. Extensive experiments with the help of 17 open-source clustering sets in various geometric distributions are conducted. The results show that ATPSO outperforms PSO, ${K}$ -means PSO (KPSO), chaotic PSO (CPSO), and accelerated CPSO in terms of accuracy, and its efficiency is approximate to that of KPSO. Its convergence trend indicates that the adoption of the proposed ICC contributes to the clustering accuracy. Remarkably, compared with the Pareto-based multiobjective PSO, ATPSO can detect clusters more accurately and quickly through the proposed two-stage search.
Using Multiple-precision Arithmetic to Prevent Low-frequency Breakdowns in the Diagonalization of the Green's Function

The multilevel fast multipole algorithm (MLFMA) is a powerful method for the so- lution of electromagnetic problems discretized with large numbers of unknowns (1,2). However, conventional implementations of MLFMA are not e-cient for low-frequency problems, where dense discretizations with respect to wavelength are used locally or globally on structures. Specif- ically, box sizes in MLFMA cannot be very small with respect to wavelength (3), and solutions of such problems involving dense discretizations lead to many interactions that must be calculated directly. It is well known that the diagonalization of the Green's function, i.e., expansion of spher- ical waves in terms of plane waves (4), is responsible for low-frequency breakdowns. Therefore, in the literature, alternative implementations of MLFMA, such as using explicitly multipoles (5,6) and/or evanescent waves (7,8) at short distances, are suggested to solve low-frequency problems, as well as multiscale problems involving large objects with dense discretizations. In this work, we approach low-frequency breakdowns from a difierent direction and prevent them by using multiple-precision arithmetic (MPA), which has recently become popular in the scientiflc computation area (9). Considering breakdowns from a numerical point of view, the standard diagonalization of the Green's function fails to provide accurate subwavelength interactions due to insu-cient numbers of digits used in computations. Even when using the double-precision arithmetic, plane waves can be insu-cient to represent radiation and receiving patterns of small sources. In addition, translations at short distances may involve addition and subtraction of large numbers due to spherical Hankel functions. Increasing the number of digits by means of MPA, it becomes possible to improve all these computations and perform such critical interactions with a desired level of accuracy using the conventional diagonalization. MPA may easily be used in the existing implementations of MLFMA and convert them to broadband implementations via relatively simple modiflcations.
Detecting Core-Periphery Structure in Spatial Networks

The core-periphery structure, which decompose a network into a densely-connected core and a sparsely-connected periphery, constantly emerges from spatial networks such as traffic, biological and social networks. In this paper, we propose a random network model for spatial networks with core-periphery structure, which is inspired by the Kleinberg small-world model. In this model, we use a vertex core score to indicate the "coreness" of each vertex, and we connect each pair of vertices with a probability parameterized by their distance and core scores. We compute the optimal vertex core scores in a network by fitting it to our model using a maximum likelihood estimation. Results in real-world networks indicate that the fitted vertex core scores are informative machine learning features for vertex metadata prediction and network classification. Furthermore, we develop near linear-time algorithms for network generation and model inference by using the fast multipole method, which allow us to scale to networks with millions of vertices with minor tradeoffs in accuracy.
Manipulation, readout and analysis of the decoherence of a superconducting quantum bit

In this thesis work, the quantum behavior of a superconducting circuit implementing a quantum bit or qubit is studied. With the use of resonant microwave pulses the full manipulation of the quantum state of this system is demonstrated: any rotation of the state vector around the Bloch sphere can be achieved and by using particular NMR inspired sequences of microwave pulses, the robustness of an operation against particular types of errors, like slow fluctuations of the transition frequency of the qubit, can be improved. The phenomenon of decoherence which drives the system from a quantum behavior to a classical one, has been characterized in the free evolution regime. By properly tuning the working point in the external parameter space, the qubit can be decoupled to first order from the fluctuations of its environment, thus enhancing coherence. In these optimal conditions, low frequency charge noise probably of microscopic origin appears to be the limiting source of decoherence for our system. The study of decoherence during driven evolution demonstrated that by suppressing the effect of those fluctuations of the environment slower than that of the driving field, the coherence of the qubit can be improved. Finally a new non-dissipative readout method based on microwave reflectometry has been set up, which improves the sensitivity and could in principle lead to a non-demolition measurement of the qubit state.
Heterogeneity of Immunoreactive Calcitonin in Extracts of Normal Human Thyroid

Summary Immunoreactive calcitonin in serum of patients with medul lary carcinoma of the thyroid and in extracts of this tumor has been found to exhibit heterogeneity when analysed by gel-chromatography and radioimmunoassay. In this study normal human thyroid tissue was homogenized in buffered saline at neutral pH and a soluble fraction was obtained after ultracentrifugation. Extracts were analysed by gel-fil tration before and after treatment with detergents, with denaturing agents and after reduction and alkylation. The stability in vitro of the extracted immunoreactive calcitonin was determined at different temperatures and the changes in heterogeneity analysed by gel-filtration. The results sug gest that at least part of the largest form of immunoreactive calcitonin is an artefact of the chromatographic procedure. Moieties with a molecular weight below 12000 Dalton were present and could be identical with prehormones described by others. However, no indication for a sequential degrada tion releasing calcitonin monomer from larger precursors was found in normal thyroid.
Millimetre‐wave antenna with tilted beam for future base station applications

A novel flexible and reconfigurable pattern antenna, integrated with an artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) surface, operating in the 29-31 GHz millimetre-wave frequency band, is proposed. The designed antenna is a modified Yagi-Uda antenna that uses as directors loop diamond shapes, allowing the bending of the structure in an easy way at high frequencies. The AMC structure is also composed of an array of diamond loops, printed on a grounded dielectric substrate without vias. Furthermore, an equivalent circuit model that allows the estimation of the resonant frequency and reflection coefficient phase of the AMC is presented. Using a flexible substrate in designing the proposed AMC antenna, different beam-tilting angles can be obtained. Moreover, multiple pattern configurations are studied. The performance of the proposed AMC antenna is measured for flat and curved configurations. The maximum beam-tilting angle is obtained for the curved AMC antenna configuration and is equal to +32° towards the + z direction with a realised gain of 12.1 dBi. Additionally, a beam-tilting in the ± z elevation plane is achieved by integrating a single pole, double throw switching system. This method eliminates the complex steering system that uses phase shifters, which is traditional for the targeted applications.
Weak convergence in a class of anisotropic Besov–Orlicz space

Abstract The main result of this paper is a new tightness criterion in a class of anisotropic Besov–Orlicz spaces. This result generalizes those obtained by Boufoussi and Lakhel [9] in a class of standard anisotropic Besov spaces, and by Ait Ouahra, Kissami and Sghir [3] in a class of one-parameter Besov–Orlicz spaces.
Die Agraphie des Gerstmann-Syndroms -Versuch einer Charakterisierung

A review is given of weil docwnented cases af Gerstmann's syndrome covering one century from 1888 to 1991 complemented by two own observations. Convcrgencies as weil as divergencies are pointed out. It is concluded, that although aphasia may be an accompanying condition, aphasie agraphia as described in linguistic terms is not a sufficient explanation of agraphia in Gerstmann's syndrome which implies spatial-graphic particularities like disturbances of symmetry, reduplications of strakes, defective line orientation, choice of a different letter type and occurrence of nansense characters not contained in the alphabet. Literal paragraphias may appear as weil, while semantic errors are virtually lacking. These features are known to occur in apractic or constructive agraphia whose localisation is usually in the left angular / subangular region coincident with a disconnection from homotopic right hemisphere areas by damllge of commissural fibres. Lesions of these non-dominant areas may lead to spatial agraphia.
A Taxonomic Classification of WordNet Polysemy Types

WordNet represents polysemous terms by capturing the different meanings of these terms at the lexical level, but without giving emphasis on the polysemy types such terms belong to. The state of the art polysemy approaches identify several polysemy types in WordNet but they do not explain how to classify and organize them. In this paper, we present a novel approach for classifying the polysemy types which exploits taxonomic principles which in turn, allow us to discover a set of polysemy structural patterns.
Existence of positive solutions for a Schrödinger-Poisson system with critical growth

ABSTRACT In this paper, we are concerned with the existence, multiplicity and concentration of positive solutions for the semilinear Schrödinger-Poisson system where (small) and λ are real parameters, a,b and c are continuous functions, and f is a continuous superlinear and subcritical nonlinearity. First, we prove that there are two families of semiclassical positive solutions for small. Then we show that these solutions are concentrating on some sets which is generated by the minimal points of a and maximal points of b and c. In addition, we investigate the relation between the number of positive solutions and the topology of the set of the global minima(or maxima) of the potentials by minimax theorems and the Ljusternik-Schnirelmann theory. Finally, we obtain some sufficient conditions for the nonexistence of positive ground state solutions.
Constructing Desirable Scalar Fields for Morse Analysis on Meshes

viii Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 Chapter 2: Preliminaries and Background . 6 2.
Low-Rank Kernel Subspace Clustering

Most state-of-the-art subspace clustering methods only work with linear (or affine) subspaces. In this paper, we present a kernel subspace clustering method that can handle non-linear models. While an arbitrary kernel can non-linearly map data into high-dimensional Hilbert feature space, the data in the resulting feature space are very unlikely to have the desired subspace structures. By contrast, we propose to learn a low-rank kernel mapping, with which the mapped data in feature space are not only low-rank but also self-expressive, such that the low-dimensional subspace structures are present and manifested in the high-dimensional feature space. We have evaluated the proposed method extensively on both motion segmentation and image clustering benchmarks, and obtained superior results, outperforming the kernel subspace clustering method that uses standard kernels [29] and other state-of-the-art linear subspace clustering methods.
Simplification de maillages CAO avec échantillonnage anti-aliasing

Nous proposons une methode de simplification de maillages surfaciques triangulaires basee sur un echantillonnage en disques de Poisson. La fidelite geometrique a l'objet original etant indispensable, notre methode cherche aussi a preserver les aretes saillantes tout au long du processus, depuis l'echantillonnage jusqu'a l'etape de triangulation des sommets. La methode proposee est basee sur l'association d'une technique efficace d'echantillonnage direct par "lancer de flechettes" (dart throwing en anglais) - satisfaisant les caracteristiques de bruit bleu et preservant les aretes saillantes de l'objet - avec une methode simple et robuste de triangulation pour eviter l'effet d'aliasing geometrique le long de ces aretes. Notre methode de simplification produit ainsi des maillages triangulaires de bonne qualite geometrique et visuelle, et dont les sommets presentent des caracteristiques satisfaisantes de bruit bleu.
Exploitation de la non-circularité pour les transmissions et l'écoute passive

Cette these est consacree a l’exploitation des proprietes de non-circularite et de non-gaussianite des signaux d’interet (SOI) et/ou des interferences pour les transmissions sans fil et l’ecoute passive. Dans une premiere partie de cette these, nous nous interessons a l’extension des recepteurs SIMO-MLSE conventionnels vers de nouvelles architectures exploitant la potentielle non-circularite au second ordre des interferences co-canal (CCI), pour la demodulation de signaux rectilignes (BPSK, ASK), quasi-rectilignes (MSK, GMSK et OQAM) et a symboles complexes (QAM). L’architecture generale des recepteurs developpes est basee sur un pretraitement avec une extension widely linear (WL) du filtre adapte spatio-temporel, ramenant le traitement de demodulation a un probleme scalaire, un echantillonnage au rythme symbole et ensuite un organe de decision base sur une version modifiee de l’algorithme de Viterbi. Pour le cas particulier des signaux quasi-rectiligne, on intercale un traitement de derotation entre l’echantillonneur et l’organe de decision. Un travail de modelisation a temps discret des SOI, brouilleurs et du bruit de fond a ete mene afin de creer des modeles de simulations pour la validation des expressions SINR analytiques interpretables, via l’evaluation des probabilites d’erreur symboles. Dans une deuxieme partie, nous nous interessons a la formation de voies (Beamforming) non-lineaire a travers des structures de Volterra complexe du troisieme ordre. Ces dernieres permettent l’exploitation de la non-circularite jusqu’au sixieme ordre ainsi que du caractere non-gaussien des SOI et/ou des interferences. Dans le contexte de l’ecoute passive, nous avons introduit un beamformer MVDR de Volterra du troisieme ordre utilisant la seule information a priori du vecteur directionnel du SOI et implementable grâce a une structure equivalente GSC. Nous avons etudie ses performances en particulier par l’evaluation analytique des expressions du SINR en fonction des statistiques de l’interference, et par sa vitesse d’apprentissage, demontrant ainsi sa superiorite par rapport aux beamformers MVDR lineaire et WL classiques. Dans un contexte de radiocommunications, nous avons etudie une version MMSE de ce beamformer de Volterra complexe du troisieme ordre qui prend lui en compte les proprietes statistiques de non-circularite jusqu’au sixieme ordre et de non-gaussianite du SOI et du CCI. La derniere partie de cette these est consacree a la robustesse de tests de detection de rectilinearite de signaux en presente d’offsets de frequence. Ces tests sont importants pour ajuster la nature du traitement (lineaire ou WL) en fonction de la rectilinearite des signaux, afin de garantir le meilleur rapport performance/temps de convergence des algorithmes
A method for simultaneously measuring polarization and phase of arbitrarily polarized beams based on Pancharatnam-Berry phase

Based on the theory of the Pancharatnam-Berry phase, we propose a method for simultaneously measuring polarization and the phase of arbitrarily polarized beams by utilizing digital holography. This method requires merely a single-exposure imaging of interference fringes without changing any optical elements and thus greatly simplifies the operation of the measurement process. This method is more suitable for multiple measurements, especially for measuring the time-changing polarization. The conclusion is expected to provide a reference in polarization holography.
On the Cooperations Algebra for the Second Brown-Peterson Spectrum at the Prime 2

by Dominic Leon Culver In this thesis, we calculate the cooperations algebra for the second truncated Brown-Peterson spectrum, BP 〈2〉, at the prime 2. We accomplish this through the Adams spectral sequence ExtA∗(F2, H∗(BP 〈2〉 ∧BP 〈2〉;F2)) =⇒ BP 〈2〉∗BP 〈2〉 ⊗ Z2 We begin by introducing a filtration and a splitting of the mod 2 homology of BP 〈2〉. From this splitting we will derive a splitting on the Ext-groups of BP 〈2〉∧BP 〈2〉 into a v2-torsion component, which is concentrated in Adams filtration 0, and a v2-torsion free component. We then show that this algebraic splitting lifts to a splitting of the spectrum BP 〈2〉 ∧BP 〈2〉. After establishing our general structural results, we turn to developing an inductive procedure for determining a basis for the v0-inverted Ext groups of BP 〈2〉 ∧ BP 〈2〉, and from this determine a F2[v0]-basis for ExtE(2)∗(F2, H∗(BP 〈2〉;F2))/v0-tors. This dissertation is dedicated to my parents, Dan and Sheila.
Numerical prediction of fire resistance of RC beams

Fire resistance of different structural members is an important issue of their strength and durability. A simple but effective tool to investigate multi-span reinforced concrete beams exposed to fire is discussed in the paper. Assumptions and simplifications of the theory as well as numerical aspects are briefly reviewed. Two steps of nonlinear finite element analysis and two levels of observation are distinguished. The first step is the solution of transient heat transfer problem in representative two-dimensional reinforced concrete cross-section of a beam. The second part is a nonlinear mechanical analysis of the whole beam. All spans are uniformly loaded, but an additional time-dependent thermal load due to fire acts on selected ones. Global changes of curvature and bending moment functions induce deterioration of the stiffness. Benchmarks are shown to confirm the correctness of the model.
Effects of Navier-Stokes Characteristic Outflow Boundary Conditions : modeling for transverse flows

Navier--Stokes Characteristic Boundary Conditions are commonly used in DNS and LES to decrease the computational domain size and simulate practical engineering configurations. In this work, recent treatments of subsonic outflows are used and compared to evidence some limitations of these boundary conditions when the mainstream is transverse to the outflow. Some simulations of outgoing vortices and expanding premixed flames are performed to highlight the difficulties and distortions encountered with such transverse flows. A 3D-NSCBC-TOM outflow treatment is then proposed to reduce these distortions.
The Membrane Vacuum State

In this thesis we make a review of membrane theory; presenting both the Lagrangian and the Hamiltonian formulation of the bosonic, as well as the supersymmetric, theory. The spectrum of the theories are derived and elaborated upon. The connection between membranes and Matrix theory is explicitly constructed, as is the case of dimensionally reduced super Yang-Mills theory. We examine a two-dimensional supersymmetric SU(2) invariant matrix model and prove that no normalizable ground state can exist for such a model. We then turn to a SU(2) × Spin(D − 2) invariant matrix model corresponding to the regulated supermembrane propagating in D-dimensional spacetime, and formulate and prove a theorem stating that D = 11 is the only dimensionality for which an asymptotically normalizable ground state exists, the power law decay of which is also derived. Acknowledgments My deepest thanks go to my supervisor Prof. Bengt E.W. Nilsson; for welcoming me into the group, for choosing a very exciting topic for my thesis and for his willingness to answer all my questions along the way. Next I would like to extend my thanks to the whole Elementary Particle Theory/Mathematical Physics group for the very nice atmosphere. Special thanks goes to Viktor Bengtsson for his help in treating the dynamics of the membrane and turning room O6106 into a tranquil haven of productivity. Finally, my warmest thanks to my family and friends without whose contributions this thesis would surely have been completed months ago. Insane in the membrane Insane in the brain! Cypress Hill, ”Insane in the brain”
Empfehlungen für die Verwendung von Meßinstrumenten in der klinischen Angstforschung

The Arbeitskreis Angstforschung (AKA) brings together investigators active in the field of anxiety research and representatives of anxiety disorder outpatient clinics in German speaking countries. During its regular meetings, the decision was made to develop recommendations for the assessment of anxiety disorder patients in clinical studies. A task force of experts in pharmacological and psychotherapeutic treatments established a consensus of opinion to improve standardisation and comparability of studies originating from different centres. The AKA specifically recommends the following set of variables to be collected in all studies: (I) Demographie data: age, gender, marital status, education, employment, and living situation. (2) Diagnosis: diagnoses should be obtained by clinically experienced personnel with special training in the particular assessment instruments. Structured interviews, according to the current versions of the DSM or ICD classifications are recommended. Published reliability and validity data should be available for the interviews. Examples of specific instruments meeting these criteria are given. (3) Symptoms and course: Data on the course ofthe disorder should cover onset, type of course, timing of episodes, currently active or in remission, as weil as a complete treatment history. In addition, patient self-ratings and observer ratings should be obtained in order to allow comparisons across studies, assess the severity and measure treatment outcome. (4) Disability and restrietions in quality of life: these variables should be assessed by rating scales covering work, social and leisure activities, and family relationships. The AKA expects that these recommendations will be helpful to clinical anxiety researchers. Acceptance of common standards should improve the quality and comparability of pharmacological and psychotherapeutic studies in the complex field of anxiety disorders.