Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
STUDY OF INFLUENCE OF GLOBAL TRADITION OF CORRELATION BETWEEN EDUCATION & VALUES ON THE SYSTEM OF EDUCATION IN PAKISTAN

The purpose of this thesis is to elucidate correlation of Education & Values, so that a proper strategy may be devised for system of Education in Pakistan. The methodology adopted for criticism, analysis & deductions of material is to same as in the case of Historical research. Historical facts and documents have been kept particularly in view in the arrangement of references and their continuity. It has been inferred from the study of influences of global traditions of inter-relation between education and values upon the system of education in Pakistan that education provides the nations and civilizations with persistence and continuity. So it is a Cultural process. Neither inter-relation of values have been truly understood, nor a practical solid step has been taken towards it. In this dissertation on one side, conception of inter-relation between Education and Values has been explained whereas on other side a suitable programme has been suggested to implement this conception in Pakistan to create a better and healthy society
Redistribution, Social Segregation and Voting Information

This paper examines the puzzle of why economic inequality has not resulted in political countermeasures to mitigate it, and proposes that the reason is due to misperceptions of economic inequality caused by segregation in social networks. We model taxation and voting behavior with an exponential income distribution and a Random Geometric Graph-type model to represent homophily, which leads to people perceiving their own income rank and income to be close to the middle. We find that people base their beliefs about mean income on a weighted sum of the true mean and their local perception in the network, and that higher homophily causes lower implemented tax rates, which explains why redistribution preferences appear decoupled from actual inequality. We suggest two measures to counteract this: educating people about the actual income distribution and promoting diversity to reduce homophily.
Continuous Translation of Hölder and Lipschitz Functions

All functions will be complex, periodic, integrable (on [0, 2π]) functions of a real variable x. Moreover, we shall require that every function have mean zero on [0, 2π], so that in particular non-zero constants are excluded. 1. Plessner's characterization of absolutely continuous functions. An old theorem of Plessner (4), generalized to arbitrary compact groups by Bochner (1), can be taken as our starting point. Consider the functions f of bounded variation on [0, 2π]. These f form a Banach space F when each f is normed by its total variation on [0, 2π]. And translations define a natural one-parameter group of isometries on F.
Global trends in surface eddy mixing from satellite altimetry

Mixing induced by oceanic mesoscale eddies can affect tracer distributions in the ocean and thus modulate the evolution of the physical and biochemical marine system. In the context of global warming, regionally different trends in eddy mixing could exist. Motivated by this hypothesis, we quantified the trend in surface eddy diffusivity, a metric widely used to quantify the eddy mixing rate, in the global ocean using satellite altimetry data. The global average of the particle-based eddy diffusivity increases by 284.1 m 2 s − 1 per decade during the period of 1994-2017, or 3.7% per decade relative to its climatological mean value. In 54% of the global ocean, eddy diffusivity shows an increasing trend. The diffusivity trend can be decomposed into two components: one related to changes in eddy mixing length and the other related to eddy velocity magnitude. In 73% of the global ocean, changes in eddy mixing length account for more than 50% of the diffusivity trend. The suppressed mixing length theory (SMLT) is employed to interpret the trend in eddy mixing length. SMLT well captures the sign of the trend in two of the representative regions. Among all the parameters (e.g., eddy size, phase speed) inherent in SMLT, the eddy velocity magnitude plays a dominant role in determining the trend in the SMLT-based eddy mixing length. Diagnosing the geostrophic eddy kinetic energy budget reveals that the dominant mechanism for the trend in eddy velocity magnitude is the pressure work induced by ageostrophic flows. Our results suggest that a time-dependent eddy parameterization scheme should be employed in non-eddy-resolving models to account for the trend in eddy mixing.
E2F3 accelerates the stemness of colon cancer cells by activating the STAT3 pathway

Introduction Colon cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies and causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Thus, further research is required to explicate the latent molecular mechanisms and look for novel biomarkers. E2F3 has been confirmed to be an oncogene in a variety of cancers. However, the particular regulation of E2F3 in colon cancer needs further investigation. Methods The self-renewal ability was detected through a sphere formation assay. The tumorigenic ability was measured through nude mice in vivo assay. The protein expression of genes was examined through a Western blot. The expression of E2F3 in tumor tissues was detected through an IHC assay. The resistance to cisplatin was assessed through the CCK-8 assay. The cell migration and invasion abilities were measured after upregulating or suppressing E2F3 through the Transwell assay. Results Results uncovered that E2F3 was upregulated in spheroid cells. In addition, E2F3 facilitates stemness in colon cancer. Moreover, E2F3 facilitated colon cancer cell migration and invasion. Finally, it was revealed that E2F3 affected the STAT3 pathway to modulate stemness in colon cancer. E2F3 served as a promoter regulator in colon cancer, aggravating tumorigenesis and stemness in colon cancer progression through the STAT3 pathway. Conclusion E2F3 may be a useful biomarker for anticancer treatment in colon cancer.
Improved single-cell genome amplification by a high-efficiency phi29 DNA polymerase

Single-cell genomic whole genome amplification (WGA) is a crucial step in single-cell sequencing, yet its low amplification efficiency, incomplete and uneven genome amplification still hinder the throughput and efficiency of single-cell sequencing workflows. Here we introduce a process called Improved Single-cell Genome Amplification (iSGA), in which the whole single-cell sequencing cycle is completed in a high-efficient and high-coverage manner, through phi29 DNA polymerase engineering and process engineering. By establishing a disulfide bond of F137C-A377C, the amplification ability of the enzyme was improved to that of single-cell. By further protein engineering and process engineering, a supreme enzyme named HotJa Phi29 DNA Polymerase was developed and showed significantly better coverage (99.75%) at a higher temperature (40°C). High single-cell genome amplification ability and high coverage (93.59%) were also achieved for commercial probiotic samples. iSGA is more efficient and robust than the wild-type phi29 DNA polymerase, and it is 2.03-fold more efficient and 10.89-fold cheaper than the commercial Thermo Scientific EquiPhi29 DNA Polymerase. These advantages promise its broad applications in large-scale single-cell sequencing.
How to measure the accessibility maturity of organizations—A survey on accessibility maturity models for higher education

Maturity models are increasingly used to advance the processes of organizations, including Higher Education Institutions. In this paper, we review existing maturity models to analyze and optimize the accessibility of organizations. Therefore, we conducted a systematic literature research in the databases Web of Science, IEEE Xplore, BASE, ACM, and Google Scholar, resulting in 13 different maturity models. An additional web search on maturity models for accessibility found another 12 maturity models that we added to the results. Finally, we analyzed the 25 maturity models in more detail, specifically the indicators that each maturity model uses to measure accessibility. The most frequent indicators were “responsibility”, “competences & training”, and “monitoring”, with differences in the frequencies when separated by target group. Out of the 25 maturity models found, only 6 focused on Higher Education Institutions. None of the existing maturity models focuses on teaching and learning of accessibility explicitly.
Pulsed field ablation of superior vena cava in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: a case report

Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation originates most commonly in the pulmonary veins. However, the superior vena cava has proved to be arrhythmogenic in some cases. Pulsed field ablation, an emerging ablation technology, selectively affects myocardial tissue. Herein, we present a case of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in a 64-year-old man who was admitted to our hospital for pulsed field ablation. The tachycardia was recurrent despite four successful pulmonary vein isolations. The superior vena cava was determined to be involved in arrhythmogenesis. The atrial fibrillation terminated immediately after the pulsed field ablation discharge at the superior vena cava.
Identifying key multi-modal predictors of incipient dementia in Parkinson’s disease: a machine learning analysis and Tree SHAP interpretation

Background Persons with Parkinson’s disease (PD) differentially progress to cognitive impairment and dementia. With a 3-year longitudinal sample of initially non-demented PD patients measured on multiple dementia risk factors, we demonstrate that machine learning classifier algorithms can be combined with explainable artificial intelligence methods to identify and interpret leading predictors that discriminate those who later converted to dementia from those who did not. Method Participants were 48 well-characterized PD patients (Mbaseline age = 71.6; SD = 4.8; 44% female). We tested 38 multi-modal predictors from 10 domains (e.g., motor, cognitive) in a computationally competitive context to identify those that best discriminated two unobserved baseline groups, PD No Dementia (PDND), and PD Incipient Dementia (PDID). We used Random Forest (RF) classifier models for the discrimination goal and Tree SHapley Additive exPlanation (Tree SHAP) values for deep interpretation. Results An excellent RF model discriminated baseline PDID from PDND (AUC = 0.84; normalized Matthews Correlation Coefficient = 0.76). Tree SHAP showed that ten leading predictors of PDID accounted for 62.5% of the model, as well as their relative importance, direction, and magnitude (risk threshold). These predictors represented the motor (e.g., poorer gait), cognitive (e.g., slower Trail A), molecular (up-regulated metabolite panel), demographic (age), imaging (ventricular volume), and lifestyle (activities of daily living) domains. Conclusion Our data-driven protocol integrated RF classifier models and Tree SHAP applications to selectively identify and interpret early dementia risk factors in a well-characterized sample of initially non-demented persons with PD. Results indicate that leading dementia predictors derive from multiple complementary risk domains.
Crustal structure and geodynamics of the eastern Qilian orogenic belt, NE margin of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau, revealed by teleseismic receiver function

The eastern segment of the Qilian orogenic belt, comprising the Linxia block and Longzhong block, is at the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau’s northeastern margin. The area has experienced multiple tectonic events, including closure of the Qilian Ocean, convergence of the North China block and Qilian terrane, and collision of the Indian and Eurasian plates, forming a complex tectonic framework. To investigate the area’s geological evolution and the suture’s current location between the blocks, we used 3-year data recorded by 33 portable ChinArray II broadband stations (2013–2016). Using three teleseismic P-wave receiver function methods, H-κ stacking and common conversion point stacking (CCP), crustal structure, Poisson’s ratio, and Moho morphology were obtained at 33 stations. The results are described as follows: 1) The Maxianshan fault is an important boundary fault that divides the Linxia block and Longzhong block. The Linxia block’s layered crustal structure is obvious, and there is a low-velocity anomaly in the middle and lower crust, which may contain saline fluid and has Japanese-type island arc characteristics. 2) The layered structure of the Longzhong block’s upper crust is significant, while the middle and lower crust’s layered structure is weak with weak low-velocity characteristics and oceanic-island basaltic crust characteristics. The Longzhong block may have originally been formed by Mariana-type island arcs. 3) The Conrad interface and Moho lateral variation in the Ordos block’s southwestern margin are weak, showing stable craton characteristics. 4) Our results show that the Maxianshan fault cuts through the Earth’s crust and is a continuous west-dipping negative seismic phase in the Common Conversion Point section. The fault zone is the suture line between the Linxia block and Longzhong block. 5) The middle and upper crust of the Liupanshan tectonic belt is thrust upwards on the Ordos block’s southwestern margin, providing deep structural evidence of the Cenozoic uplift of the Liupanshan structural belt.
Physiological synchrony in electrodermal activity predicts decreased vigilant attention induced by sleep deprivation

Introduction When multiple individuals are presented with narrative movie or audio clips, their electrodermal activity (EDA) and heart rate show significant similarities. Higher levels of such inter-subject physiological synchrony are related with higher levels of attention toward the narrative, as for instance expressed by more correctly answered questions about the narrative. We here investigate whether physiological synchrony in EDA and heart rate during watching of movie clips predicts performance on a subsequent vigilant attention task among participants exposed to a night of total sleep deprivation. Methods We recorded EDA and heart rate of 54 participants during a night of total sleep deprivation. Every hour from 22:00 to 07:00 participants watched a 10-min movie clip during which we computed inter-subject physiological synchrony. Afterwards, they answered questions about the movie and performed the psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) to capture attentional performance. Results We replicated findings that inter-subject correlations in EDA and heart rate predicted the number of correct answers on questions about the movie clips. Furthermore, we found that inter-subject correlations in EDA, but not in heart rate, predicted PVT performance. Individuals' mean EDA and heart rate also predicted their PVT performance. For EDA, inter-subject correlations explained more variance of PVT performance than individuals' mean EDA. Discussion Together, these findings confirm the association between physiological synchrony and attention. Physiological synchrony in EDA does not only capture the attentional processing during the time that it is determined, but also proves valuable for capturing more general changes in the attentional state of monitored individuals.
Structural neuroimaging phenotypes and associated molecular and genomic underpinnings in autism: a review

Autism has been associated with differences in the developmental trajectories of multiple neuroanatomical features, including cortical thickness, surface area, cortical volume, measures of gyrification, and the gray-white matter tissue contrast. These neuroimaging features have been proposed as intermediate phenotypes on the gradient from genomic variation to behavioral symptoms. Hence, examining what these proxy markers represent, i.e., disentangling their associated molecular and genomic underpinnings, could provide crucial insights into the etiology and pathophysiology of autism. In line with this, an increasing number of studies are exploring the association between neuroanatomical, cellular/molecular, and (epi)genetic variation in autism, both indirectly and directly in vivo and across age. In this review, we aim to summarize the existing literature in autism (and neurotypicals) to chart a putative pathway from (i) imaging-derived neuroanatomical cortical phenotypes to (ii) underlying (neuropathological) biological processes, and (iii) associated genomic variation.
Editorial: Insights in bioprocess engineering 2021/22: novel developments, current challenges, and future perspectives

We are now entering the third decade of the 21st century, and especially in the last years, the achievements made by scientists in the field of biotechnology have been exceptional, leading to major advancements. In this Research Topic, five articles are introduced that represent current developments in bioprocess engineering, such as the exploration of the marine microbiome, tailored bioreactor technologies, the modern process control using process analytical technology or novel biological control loops in cell engineering, and simulation models in downstream processing using chromatography. The article by Rodrigues and de Carvalho, “Cultivating marine bacteria under laboratory conditions: Overcoming the “unculturable” dogma”, addresses an important problem in marine biotechnology. Many microbial isolates from the marine environment have been identified by scientists to have significant potential as a biocatalyst for pharmaceuticals and agroand fine chemicals. Of advantage over traditional production strains are their high salt tolerance, meaning saline water instead of sweet water can be used, thus significantly reducing the downstream processing and waste handling. Interestingly, the authors challenge the well-known “great plate anomaly” postulated by Staley and Konopka (1985), which states that less than 1% of the total direct count can be heterotrophically cultured using plating techniques. In a detailed study, Rodrigues and de Carvalho verified this statement with a profound field analysis of a marine rock pond with high salt content and exposed to high UV irradiation. They compared the culture-independent techniques (fluorescence microscopy combined with live/dead or Syto 9 staining and metagenomics) with the culture-dependent techniques (12 marine media with different nutrient concentrations). The authors found four taxonomic orders that were not detected by the metaxonomic approach and that only could be detected by cultivation on agar plates. Overall, they were able to heterotrophically cultivate 45% of the marine strains. OPEN ACCESS
Radiation-induced lung injury after breast cancer treatment: incidence in the CANTO-RT cohort and associated clinical and dosimetric risk factors

Purpose Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is strongly associated with various clinical conditions and dosimetric parameters. Former studies have led to reducing radiotherapy (RT) doses to the lung and have favored the discontinuation of tamoxifen during RT. However, the monocentric design and variability of dosimetric parameters chosen have limited further improvement. The aim of our study was to assess the incidence of RILI in current practice and to determine clinical and dosimetric risk factors associated with RILI occurrence. Material and methods Data from 3 out of the 10 top recruiting centers in CANTO-RT, a subset of the CANTO prospective longitudinal cohort (NCT01993498), were retrospectively analyzed for RILI occurrence. This cohort, which recruited invasive cT0-3 cN0-3 M0 breast cancer patients from 2012 to 2018, prospectively recorded the occurrence of adverse events by questionnaires and medical visits at the end of, and up to 60 months after treatment. RILI adverse events were defined in all patients by the association of clinical symptoms and compatible medical imaging. Results RILI was found in 38/1565 (2.4%) patients. Grade II RILI represented 15/38 events (39%) and grade III or IV 2/38 events (6%). There were no grade V events. The most frequently used technique for treatment was 3D conformational RT (96%). In univariable analyses, we confirmed the association of RILI occurrence with pulmonary medical history, absence of cardiovascular disease medical history, high pT and pN, chemotherapy use, nodal RT. All dosimetric parameters were highly correlated and had close predictive value. In the multivariable analysis adjusted for chemotherapy use and nodal involvement, pulmonary medical history (OR=3.05, p<0.01) and high V30 Gy (OR=1.06, p=0.04) remained statistically significant risk factors for RILI occurrence. V30 Gy >15% was significantly associated with RILI occurrence in a multivariable analysis (OR=3.07, p=0.03). Conclusion Our study confirms the pulmonary safety of breast 3D RT in CANTO-RT. Further analyses with modern radiation therapy techniques such as IMRT are needed. Our results argue in favor of a dose constraint to the ipsilateral lung using V30 Gy not exceeding 15%, especially in patients presenting pulmonary medical history. Pulmonary disease records should be taken into account for RT planning.
Three potential neurovascular pathways driving the benefits of mindfulness meditation for older adults

Mindfulness meditation has been shown to be beneficial for a range of different health conditions, impacts brain function and structure relatively quickly, and has shown promise with aging samples. Functional magnetic resonance imaging metrics provide insight into neurovascular health which plays a key role in both normal and pathological aging processes. Experimental mindfulness meditation studies that included functional magnetic resonance metrics as an outcome measure may point to potential neurovascular mechanisms of action relevant for aging adults that have not yet been previously examined. We first review the resting-state magnetic resonance studies conducted in exclusively older adult age samples. Findings from older adult-only samples are then used to frame the findings of task magnetic resonance imaging studies conducted in both clinical and healthy adult samples. Based on the resting-state studies in older adults and the task magnetic resonance studies in adult samples, we propose three potential mechanisms by which mindfulness meditation may offer a neurovascular therapeutic benefit for older adults: (1) a direct neurovascular mechanism via increased resting-state cerebral blood flow; (2) an indirect anti-neuroinflammatory mechanism via increased functional connectivity within the default mode network, and (3) a top-down control mechanism that likely reflects both a direct and an indirect neurovascular pathway.
Serological and molecular surveillance of West Nile virus in domesticated mammals of peninsular Malaysia

West Nile virus is a mosquito-borne neurotropic pathogen with a wide host range that constitutes a significant risk to public and animal health. There is limited information on WNV infection in domesticated mammals in Malaysia; however, current reports indicate infections in birds, macaques, bats and pigs from Malaysia. In this study, 203 serum samples from cattle, goats, and horses were tested for the presence of anti-WNV IgG using a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (c-ELISA). Additionally, using one-step RT-PCR, nasopharyngeal swabs were analyzed for WNV RNA from all 203 animals in this study. The WNV seroprevalence was 32.53% (27/83) at 95% CI (0.2342–0.4319) in cattle, 48.27% (14/29) at 95% CI (0.3139–0.6557) in goats and 53.84% (49/91) at 95% CI (0.4366–0.6373) in horses. Cross-reactive JEV antibodies were detected in two cattle and 34 horses. None of the cattle or goats tested positive for WNV RT-PCR. Seven horses were positive for WNV RT-PCR, a molecular prevalence of 7.69% (7/91) at 95% CI (0.0353–0.1528). This is the first reported detection of WNV in domesticated mammals of Malaysia, a significant addition to the growing evidence that WNV is being transmitted from vectors to susceptible hosts in Malaysia.