Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Two-transformer-based full-bridge soft-switching DC–DC converter with improved characteristics

A novel two-transformer-based full-bridge soft-switching DC–DC converter is proposed. The primary-windings of the two transformers are connected in series, while the two secondary windings of the two transformers are connected to the output through a semi-active full-bridge rectifier and a passive full-bridge rectifier, respectively, in parallel. The voltage stress on the primary windings of the transformers is reduced, as well as the current stresses of the secondary windings of the transformers and the rectifying devices. Zero-voltage-switching is realised for the MOSFETs, while zero-current switching is achieved for all the diodes by adopting the secondary side phase-shift control. In comparison with existing topologies, the turn-off current and loss of the secondary side MOSFETs are reduced, because only half of the output current flows through these switches. The circulating current is effectively suppressed, which leads to less conduction loss. The proposed converter also offers some advantages, such as smaller value and size of high-frequency-link inductor and reduced output current ripple. The converter can operate in the buck and boost modes to fulfil the application demands with wide input/output voltage ranges. The operating principle of the proposed converter is analysed in detail and verified with experimental results.
Electric Power System Ancillary Services of Electrofuel Production

In the future European energy system, with high penetrations of uctuating renewable energy generation along with the increased demand for rapid reduction of fossil-based energy and the growing disinclination towards and phase-out of nuclear-based power, the development of reliable technologies, which can cope with the system's rapidly altering profile becomes increasingly important. In this context, the necessary services to support the transmission of energy through the power network is a potential economic market. While electrofuels are a promising alternative to fossil-based fuels, their production process might prove prosperous in terms of addressing the challenges faced by the modern power systems. This project addresses the impact of a large-scale employment of this technology on the composition and operation of Swedish power market, where supply of ancillary services is regarded as a potential source of income. In this context, three services, namely reactive power regulation, congestion release, and reserve services in form of demandresponse, have been studied. The possibility of investment in each of the four Swedish marker price areas with regard to these three ancillary services have been examined. The results for all the three services are in favor of investment in electrofuels, and Sweden's Stockholm area (SE3) is found to be the most suitable location for large-scale investments in the technology.
Architecture of an Oligocene fluvial ribbon sandstone in the Ebro Basin, Northeastern SpainG. GonzlezBonorino etal.Ebro Basin ribbon sandstone

Fluvial ribbon sandstone bodies are ubiquitous in the Ebro Basin in Northeastern Spain; their internal organization and the mechanics of deposition are as yet insufficiently known. A quarrying operation in an Oligocene fluvial ribbon sandstone body in the southern Ebro Basin allowed for a threedimensional reconstruction of the sedimentary architecture of the deposit. The sandstone is largely a medium-grained to coarse-grained, moderately sorted lithic arenite. In cross-section, the sandstone body is 7 m thick, occupies a 5 m deep incision and wedges out laterally, forming a ‘wing’ that intercalates with horizontal floodplain deposits in the overbank region. Three architectural units were distinguished. The lowest and highest units (Units A and C) mostly consist of medium-grained to coarse-grained sandstone with medium-scale trough cross-bedding and large-scale inclined stratasets. Each of Units A and C comprises a fining-up stratal sequence reflecting deposition during one flood event. The middle unit (Unit B) consists of thinly bedded, fine-grained sandstone/mudstone couplets and represents a time period when the channel was occupied by low-discharge flows. The adjoining ‘wing’ consists of finegrained sandstone beds, with mudstone interlayers, correlative to strata in Units A and C in the main body of the ribbon sandstone. In plan view, the ribbon sandstone comprises an upstream bend and a downstream straight reach. In the upstream bend, large-scale inclined stratasets up to 3 m in thickness represent four bank-attached lateral channel bars, two in each of Units A and C. The lateral bars migrated downflow and did not develop into point bars. In the straight downstream reach, a tabular cross-set in Unit A represents a mid-channel transverse bar. In Unit C, a very coarse-grained, unstratified interval is interpreted as deposited in a riffle zone, and gives way downstream to a large mid-channel bar. The relatively simple architecture of these bars suggests that they developed as unit bars. Channel margin-derived slump blocks cover the upper bar. The youngest deposit is fine-grained sandstone and mudstone that accumulated immediately before avulsion and channel abandonment. Deposition of the studied sandstone body reflects transport-limited sediment discharges, possibly attaining transient hyperconcentrated conditions.
The design and optimization of two complete optical receivers

A K-shaped fractal dielectric resonator antenna with CPW feed is proposed. Self-repetition property of fractal configuration has been utilized to bring higher order modes together to achieve wide percentage bandwidth. Antenna is simulated and optimized using highfrequency structure simulator (HFSS) and fabricated using Roger RO4350b as substrate and Roger RT/duroid 6010 as dielectric resonator. The overall antenna size is 42 3 54 3 6.524 mm. Resonant frequency behavior of the fractal iterations leading to wide band operation is presented to provide insight to the design and functionality of Kshaped resonator. Proposed antenna possesses wide percentage bandwidth of 90.65% from 3.8 to 10.1 GHz, high radiation efficiency that is >92% and appropriate gain, making it potential choice for wide-band wireless applications. VC 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:1504–1507, 2016; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.29839
NMR Lens | Mapping of the Magnetic Field

Paper presents measurement methodology for mapping of the magnetic ∞ux density in the reactive fleld of the resonators. Measuring workplace simulates RF electromagnetic fleld in NMR system with frequency sweeping possibility. This makes it possible to monitor manipulation of the magnetic fleld and dependence of the resonant frequency of the resonators interacting with surrounding objects. The mapping of the magnetic ∞ux density is a step by step measuring of the 2D area with the deflned numbers of the measured points. The measuring station contains RF generator, transceiver of the electromagnetic fleld, measured sample, measuring sensor, RF spectrum analyser and xy position device. Schematic representation of the measuring chain is shown in Figure 1.
Fair NLP Models with Differentially Private Text Encoders

Encoded text representations often capture sensitive attributes about individuals (e.g., race or gender), which raise privacy concerns and can make downstream models unfair to certain groups. In this work, we propose FEDERATE, an approach that combines ideas from differential privacy and adversarial training to learn private text representations which also induces fairer models. We empirically evaluate the trade-off between the privacy of the representations and the fairness and accuracy of the downstream model on four NLP datasets. Our results show that FEDERATE consistently improves upon previous methods, and thus suggest that privacy and fairness can positively reinforce each other.
www.ssoar.info Social enterprises in the Western Isles (Scotland)-drivers of sustainable rural development?

Like many peripheral rural areas in Europe, the Western Isles of Scotland have long been regarded as rather backward and underdeveloped. Given the continuing population loss, low entrepreneurial behaviour as well as recent cases of rejection of large industrial and environmental projects, the perception of the Western Isles as a fragile area seems to have manifested itself even more deeply. However, in view of far-reaching structural transformation processes (globalisation, EU rural policies, Scottish devolution, new public management) as well as growing social capital and local pride, the Western Isles provide an example of rural regeneration based on endogenous development. This is reflected by an increasing number of social enterprises that provide much-needed services, such as transport, health care, housing, training, to name but a few. A process has been launched to re-think local priorities as well as to find ways towards sustainable rural development. Based on results of qualitative research, this paper provides an overview of selected social enterprises in the Western Isles. In particular, characteristic features and the contribution of social enterprises to sustainable rural development are given special emphasis in this analysis. Sustainable rural development, peripheral rural areas, social enterprises, Scotland Social Enterprises in the Western Isles (Scotland) – Drivers of Sustainable Rural Development? Marta Jacuniak-Suda and ingo MoSe Zusammenfassung Die sozialen Unternehmen auf den Western Isles (Schottland) − Triebkräfte einer nachhaltigen ländlichen Entwicklung? Wie viele andere ländliche Peripherien Europas wurden die Western Isles (Äußere Hebriden) lange Zeit als rückständig und unterentwickelt wahrgenommen. Vor allem vor dem Hintergrund anhaltender Bevölkerungsverluste, gering ausgeprägtem unternehmerischem Handeln und, in jüngster Vergangenheit, der Verweigerung großmaßstäbiger Industriewie auch Umweltschutzprojekte schien sich die Wahrnehmung der Western Isles als fragile Peripherie sogar noch weiter zu
Robust and H∞ stabilisation of interconnected systems with delays

The problems of decentralised robust stabilisation and robust H∞ performance for a class of interconnected systems with unknown delays and norm-bounded parametric uncertainties are addressed in the paper. The delays are time-varying in the state of each subsystem as well as in the interconnections among the subsystems. A class of decentralised observer-based feedback controllers is developed to render the closed-loop interconnected system asymptotically stable. All the design effort is undertaken at the subsystem level. It is shown that the robust control design problems can be solved with the aid of two algebraic Riccati inequalities. The developed theory is illustrated by simulation of a multireach pollution model of a representative segment of the River Nile.
Investigating Problems، And providing solutions to generate motivation among shift work staff of Gachsaran Oil and Gas exploitation company

Now days the most considerable Part of production Systems has been dedicated to shift work. Consequently, considering the situation of shift workers Will be of great importance. In Iran,these systems are used in production industries such as oil, gas and petrochemical, and also in service departments such as hospitals and police. On the other hand, There are more problems in shift Hours such as stress, fatigue and job dissatisfaction Particularrly in the operation units of oil and gas Exploitation company. Some industrial countries have adapted the shift system as Their strategy to the maximum efficiency of human Resources and ensure the sustain ability of industries as Well as manufacturing activities. so, shift working population is continuously growing more rapidly then they did in the past. in this paper we briefly introduce the shift systems, the stress resulting from such conditions and the destructive consequences of shift working, we also articulate some strategies for improving work conditions, employees satisfaction and some suggestions abou t this research. (Roohallah Fathi, Forough Farzan, Sakineh Asadi. Investigating Problems، And providing solutions to generate motivation among shift work staff of Gachsaran Oil and Gas exploitation company. Life Sci J 2013;10(7s):88- 91) (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite. com. 15
Size‐miniaturized and selectivity‐enhanced bandpass filter using folded stepped‐impedance resonators

In this article, a 3.5 GHz size‐miniaturized microstrip bandpass filter based on folded stepped‐impedance resonators (FSIR) structure is presented for frequency synthesizer application to achieve a moderate wide stopband performance and an enhanced sideband selectivity performance by two transmission zeros (TZs). The filter is composed of four half‐mode FSIRs, where two FSIRs in the middle consist of a tri‐mode resonator which produces a TZ, and a pair of 180‐degree feed ports produce another TZ. After the filter is fabricated and measured, its measurement results are agreed with its simulated ones very well, and show its in‐band (1dB bandwidth from 3.3 GHz to 3.7 GHz) insertion loss is less than 1.6 dB, its sideband suppression is 45dB at 260MHz away from the upper sideband, as well as its stopband rejection is 26 dB far to the fourth harmonic of the center frequency. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 59:60–62, 2017
Modelling powder core inductors for passive filters in inverters using finite element analysis

Properties of powder core based inductors when utilised in a passive filter of the voltage source inverter are investigated to highlight the importance of considering the soft-saturation nature of powder materials in determining the inductance when subjected to varying load current. Simulations were carried out in ANSYS Maxwell and Simplorer to understand the magnetic behaviour of inductors under pulse width modulation in a three-phase inverter. Variation of the effective inductance due to soft saturation nature of the powder cores is utilised to achieve the inductance demanded by the passive filter at the design stage.
Assessment of competitive requirements, repeated sprint paddle ability and trainability of paddling performance in surfers

Studies examining the physical demands of surfing, the physiological characteristics of surfers, training techniques and various indices important to surfing performance are limited and characterised by methodological discrepancies. This thesis consists of five studies to assess the competitive requirements, test specific repeat sprint fitness and the trainability of sprint paddling in surfers. Initially an understanding of surfing movement patterns and a determination of the reliability and validity of custom-made GPS units was established (SurfTraX, Gold Coast, Australia) (Study 1: The validity and inter-unit reliability of custom-made SurfTraX GPS units and use during surfing). Durations, intensities, external loads and velocity of movements during competitive surfing were then examined (Study 2: Workloads of competitive surfing: A performance analysis of three surfing competitions). During competition surfers paddle 44% of the total time and have a significantly higher work to rest ratio at a beach-break compared to point-breaks. Further, point-breaks involve longer continuous durations of paddling, with significantly longer rides, compared to the beachbreak. Data from Study 2 aided in forming the rationale for developing and determining the reliability of a novel repeat sprint paddle test (RSPT) (Study 3: The repeat-sprint paddle test: A protocol for measuring surfing athletes’ sprint paddle performance). With lacking appropriate and valid testing protocols for evaluating physiological qualities in surfing athletes, Study 3 determined that the measurements of RSPT total time, best 15m time, and peak velocity from recreational and competitive surfers were reliable between days. Additionally, the smallest worthwhile change ranged from 0.02 to 2.7 s, demonstrating high sensitivity in detecting performance changes. After determining the reliability of the RSPT, this study investigated the durations that adolescent competitive surfers spend surfing and physically training. In the pilot study (Study 4: Tracking 6 Weeks of Training/Surfing Sessions of Adolescent Competitive Surfers: Just what are these young surfers up to? ) adolescent surfers provided details on the amount of time spent free surfing, being coached, competing, strength training, conditioning and undertaking balance work over six weeks. It was found that adolescent surfers spent 14 more hours surfing than doing any form of land-based training, including no form of specific paddle training. Following the conclusions of Study 4, Study 5 examined the effectiveness of implementing structured training on the paddling abilities of adolescent surfers (Study 5:
Early Detection of Iron Overload Cardiomyopathy in Transfusion Dependent Thalassemia Patients in Sulaimaniyah City, Iraq

Background Lifelong blood transfusion is recommended for patients with transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT) that lead to iron overload and results in cardiomyopathy (CM). Aim To assess the accuracy of several electrocardiographic (ECG) data in patients at high risk of arrhythmia, early detection of structural and functional changes in left atrium and ventricle using ECG and echocardiography (two dimensional, M-mode echocardiography along with Doppler studies), and to observe the correlations between plasma B-type atrial natriuretic peptide (BNP)/serum ferritin and ECG with Doppler as well as echocardiographic changes in patients with TDT. Methods The current prospective case-control study included 75 TDT patients and 74 control subjects with the mean age of 9.55 and 9.93 years, respectively. Participants were assessed for the socio-demographic, physical examinations, serum ferritin, plasma BNP, ECG, 2D echocardiography, and tissue/pulse wave Doppler. Results The mean of serum ferritin and plasma BNP were significantly (p<0.001) higher in the cases (1475.19 ng/mL and 47.63 pg/mL, respectively) than controls (41.3 ng/mL and BNP 23.37 pg/mL, respectively). ECG findings showed significant higher P-wave dispersion, QRS duration, QT duration and dispersion, and JTc dispersion in cases than controls. Echocardiography findings revealed diastolic dysfunction with preserved ejection fraction (EF) in thalassemia cases, as well as significant higher left ventricular (LV) mass, LV internal diameters during systole and diastole (LVIDs and d) and LV posterior wall thickness during diastole (LVPWd) in cases than controls (p<0.05). Also, a significant (p<0.05) correlation between BNP and QT dispersion was found in patients. Conclusion These findings suggest the usefulness of ECG, 2D echocardiographic, Doppler studies and plasma BNP, with no significant beneficial effect of serum ferritin level in detecting early cardiac changes in patients with TDT.
Exploring the genome of Lactobacillaceae spp. Sy-1 isolated from Heterotrigona itama honey

Background Honey produced by Heterotrigona itama is highly preferred among consumers due to its high-value as a functional food and beneficial lactic acid bacteria (LAB) reservoir. Fructophilic lactic acid bacteria (FLAB) are a group of LAB with unique growth characteristics and are regarded as promising producers of bioactive compounds. Hence, it is not surprising that LAB, especially FLAB, may be involved with the excellent bioactivity of H. itama honey. With the trending consumer preference for H. itama honey coupled with increasing awareness for healthy food, the genomic background of FLAB isolated from this honey must, therefore, be clearly understood. In this study, one FLAB strain designated as Sy-1 was isolated from freshly collected H. itama honey. Its FLAB behavior and genomic features were investigated to uncover functional genes that could add value to functional food. Methods The fructophilic characteristics of strain Sy-1 were determined, and the genome was sequenced using Illumina iSeq100 and Oxford Nanopore. The average nucleotide identity and phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA, 92 core genes, and whole-genome sequence were performed to unravel the phylogenetic position of strain Sy-1. NCBI Prokaryotic Genome Annotation Pipeline annotated the genome, while the EggNOG-mapper, BLASTKoala, and GHOSTKoala were used to add functional genes and pathways information. Results Strain Sy-1 prefers D-fructose over D-glucose and actively metabolizes D-glucose in the presence of electron acceptors. Genomic annotation of strain Sy-1 revealed few genes involved in carbohydrate transport and metabolism, and partial deletion of adhE gene, in line with the characteristic of FLAB. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain Sy-1 showed the highest similarity to unknown LAB species isolated from the gut of honeybees. The phylogenetic analyses discovered that strain Sy-1 belonged to the Lactobacillaceae family and formed a separate branch closer to type strain from the genera of Acetilactobacillus and Apilactobacillus. The ANI analysis showed the similarity of the closest relative, Apilactobacillus micheneri Hlig3T. The assembled genome of Sy-1 contains 3 contigs with 2.03 Mbp and a 41% GC content. A total of 1,785 genes were identified, including 1,685 protein-coding genes, 68 tRNA, and 15 rRNA. Interestingly, strain Sy-1 encoded complete genes for the biosynthesis of folate and riboflavin. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis further confirmed the high production of folic acid (1.346 mg/L) by Sy-1. Discussion Based on phylogenetic and biochemical characteristics, strain Sy-1 should be classified as a novel genus in the family of Lactobacillaceae and a new member of FLAB. The genome information coupled with experimental studies supported the ability of strain Sy-1 to produce high folic acid. Our collective findings support the suitable application of FLAB strain Sy-1 in the functional food and pharmaceutical industries.
Forecastability and Statistical Characteristics of Aggregate Oil and Gas Investments on the Norwegian Continental Shelf

We investigate the potential for statistical forecasting of aggregate oil and gas investment on the Norwegian Continental Shelf (NCS). A unique and detailed dataset containing data from 109 different fields on the NCS between 1970 and 2015 was employed. A set of 1080 autoregressive distributed lag models are evaluated pseudo out-of-sample and tested for data mining by utilizing a Diebold-Mariano hypothesis test and the model confidence set procedure by Hansen and Lunde (2011). The main results are as follows. First, we find that it is indeed possible but challenging to outperform the parsimonious random walk benchmark in an out-of-sample environment. Second, lags of investment growth, crude oil price growth and realized volatility is found to be adequate predictors for the investment growth. Finally, there is a clear benefit from re-estimating the models coefficient at every step.