Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A task based manufacturing knowledge maintenance method

The effective use of computer based tools to support decision making in manufacturing industry is critical to business success. One of the most critical areas is during product design and especially in design for manufacture. This research will help in understanding of how manufacturing knowledge can be effectively maintained for an existing knowledge base. The work will use modern product lifecycle management tools in combination with a knowledge based environment in order to explore the effectiveness of the methods produced. This work is a part of the SAMULET (Strategic Affordable Manufacturing in the UK through Leading Environmental Technologies) research program and was done in association with an aerospace manufacturing company. The main focus of this research is to define a novel method for maintaining the machining knowledge associated with manufacturing of Xtra Wide Body (XWB) High Pressure (HP) turbine blade. The four main elements explained in this thesis are, a) the literature review done on knowledge management and knowledge maintenance, b) industrial investigation done on a manufacturing facility, c) detailed explanation of a novel manufacturing knowledge maintenance method d) four iterative case studies used for the evaluation and iterative improvement of the method. The research concludes that the aspect of knowledge maintenance is important. It is imperative to set out a formalised and mandated knowledge maintenance process in an organisation to keep the knowledge up-to-date and relevant. It has been shown that a novel task based knowledge maintenance method comprising a Knowledge Maintenance Process (KMP) and a Knowledge Maintenance Template (KMT) provides an effective route to knowledge maintenance. Three maintenance tasks, check relevancy, knowledge filtering, and integrity checking have been considered in detail for successful knowledge maintenance. Four iterative case studies have been conducted for the experimental evaluation of the maintenance method. As the result of these evaluations a novel method for maintaining the machining knowledge of XWB HP turbine blade was defined.
Idea of a quadruped wheel-legged robot

In order for a quadruped robot to be able to move on wheels while keeping its platform in horizontal position, and to walk, the kinematic system of its limbs should be so designed that each of the wheels has at least four degrees of freedom. Consequently, the designed system will have many DOFs and many controlled drives. This paper presents a novel solution in which, thanks to a suitable limb kinematic system geometry, the number of drives for the robot travel function, i.e. travelling on an uneven surface with the robot platform kept horizontal, has been reduced by four which are used only for walking. The robot structure, the required geometry of the limb links and the driving torque characteristics are presented. Moreover, an idea of the control system is sketched. Finally, selected results of the tests carried out on the robot prototype are reported.
Patience and Sustainability

In this essay I first present a general account of the virtue of patience, drawing upon recent work by Matthew Pianalto and Nic Bommarito. I then illustrate how patience, so understood, will be a crucial virtue in achieving sustainability across a variety of contexts—from efforts in ecological restoration, to political and social action, to responding appropriately to setbacks, errors, and suffering more generally. I argue that a focus on patience in such contexts can bring to the fore often-overlooked aspects of the virtue, including its role (1) in pursuing goals where we ourselves will never see the full impacts and outcomes of our actions, and (2) in maintaining our goals and actions despite a lack of clear results and feedback. To pursue the long-term goals of sustainability effectively, often without clear, short-term, or immediate feedback will constitute a significant challenge; patience and perspective will be essential.
Efficacy of a Novel Annular Closure Device after Lumbar Discectomy in Korean Patients : A 24-Month Follow-Up of a Randomized Controlled Trial

Objective Lumbar discectomy is an effective treatment for lumbar disc herniation (LDH); however, up to 2–18% of patients with LDH have experienced recurrent disc herniation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a novel annular closure device (ACD) for preventing LDH recurrence and re-operation compared with that of conventional lumbar discectomy (CLD). Methods In this prospective randomized controlled trial, we compared CLD with discectomy utilizing the Barricaid® (Intrinsic Therapeutics, Inc., Woburn, MA, USA) ACD. Primary radiologic outcomes included disc height, percentage of preoperative disc height maintained, and re-herniation rates. Additional clinical outcomes included visual analog scale (VAS) scores for back and leg pain, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores, and 12-item short-form health survey (SF-12) quality of life scores. Outcomes were measured at preoperation and at 1 week, 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 months postoperation. Results Sixty patients (30 CLD, 30 ACD) were enrolled in this study. At 24-month follow-up, the disc height in the ACD group was significantly greater than that in the CLD group (11.4±1.5 vs. 10.2±1.2 mm, p=0.006). Re-herniation occurred in one patient in the ACD group versus six patients in the CLD group (χ2=4.04, p=0.044). Back and leg VAS scores, ODI scores, and SF-12 scores improved significantly in both groups compared with preoperative scores in the first 7 days following surgery and remained at significantly improved levels at a 24-month follow-up. However, no statistical difference was found between the two groups. Conclusion Lumbar discectomy with the Barricaid® (Intrinsic Therapeutics, Inc.) ACD is more effective at maintaining disc height and preventing re-herniation compared with conventional discectomy. Our results suggest that adoption of ACD in lumbar discectomy can help improve the treatment outcome.
Factors Effecting Employee Turnover: A Study to Understand Organizational Retention Strategies

The resignation or leaving of employees, whether better or lower performing, created gaps causing understaffing, deterioration of service quality and further overburdening of remaining employees. This research basically aims at exploring and investigating the impact of factors including career growth opportunities, workplace environment, managerial support, rewards & recognition system, and work-life balance on ‘turnover intention’ specifically, it will deal with job satisfaction factors such as general working conditions, general working conditions, pay and promotion, work relationships, use of skills and abilities and work activities in relation to job satisfaction and employee turnover. To achieve the research objective, this study utilized the descriptive research design that employed mainly the survey questionnaires to gather information. Key findings revealed a positive significant correlation between the following factors on job satisfaction: pay and promotion, work relationships and the use of skills and abilities positively correlated to employee job satisfaction.
Implementing Enterprise Systems for Management： A Case of Kenyan Universities

: Kenyan universities, as other business entities, are implementing various information systems to facilitate their operations. The systems include enterprise systems which are implemented to enhance institutional management given their emphasis on standardisation, streamlining, and integration of business operations. In this study, the authors have established that Kenyan universities have mainly implemented systems for finance and accounting, student admissions, examinations management, and library services. The authors have also established that there are no significant differences in information systems needs among Kenyan universities, but there are significant differences in strengths and weaknesses among the private and public universities in the capabilities of systems they have implemented. The authors have further established that despite fears especially on delays in projects implementation and system costs, Kenyan universities are in a position to implement enterprise systems to facilitate their operations. However, the universities need to allocate more funds to systems implementation if they have to successfully implement enterprise systems which generally require more resources than ordinary software applications.
Who detects and why? Individual differences in abilities, knowledge and thinking dispositions among different types of problem solvers and their implications for the validity of reasoning tasks

When solving reasoning tasks such as the Cognitive reflection test (CRT) or the Belief bias syllogisms (BBS), people can do it in four different ways depending on whether they detected the conflict or not and whether they were accurate or not. Specifically, one can detect the conflict and be accurate, detect the conflict but be inaccurate, fail to detect the conflict but still be accurate or fail to detect the conflict and be inaccurate. In this study, we investigated whether the individual differences in intelligence, numerical ability, math knowledge and analytic thinking dispositions underpin these different approaches to solving reasoning tasks. Generally, we found that very accurate conflict non-detectors were the most intelligent, numerate and knowledgable of all the groups. On the contrary, inaccurate conflict non-detectors were the least intelligent, numerate and knowledgable, with the other two groups somewhere in between these two. However, the conclusions depended on what reasoning tasks were used and how the conflict detection was operationalized. We argue that these individual differences indicate that different people solve reasoning tasks in qualitatively different ways and that this calls in question the validity of reasoning tasks. Namely, we hypothesize that reasoning tasks could be measuring different constructs for different people. Specifically, we hypothesize and offer preliminary evidence that the CRT at least somewhat assesses reflection for those lower on cognitive abilities, but not at all for those very intelligent and numerate participants. We discuss how these findings relate to contemporary dual-process theories and validity of reasoning tasks and offer some speculations and suggestions.
Regulation of Plasma Membrane Sterol Homeostasis by Nonvesicular Lipid Transport

Sterol contributes to the structural integrity of cellular membranes and plays an important role in the regulation of cell signaling in eukaryotes. It is either produced in the endoplasmic reticulum or taken up from the extracellular environment. In most eukaryotic cells, however, the majority of sterol is enriched in the plasma membrane. Thus, the transport of sterol between the plasma membrane and other organelles, including the endoplasmic reticulum, is crucial for maintaining sterol homeostasis. While vesicular transport that relies on membrane budding and fusion reactions plays an important role in bulk sterol transport, this mode of transport is slow and non-selective. Growing evidence suggests a critical role of nonvesicular transport mediated by evolutionarily conserved families of lipid transfer proteins in more rapid and selective delivery of sterol. Some lipid transfer proteins act primarily at the sites of contacts formed between the endoplasmic reticulum and other organelles or the plasma membrane without membrane fusion. In this review, we describe the similarities and differences of sterol biosynthesis and uptake in mammals and yeast and discuss the role of their lipid transfer proteins in maintaining plasma membrane sterol homeostasis.
Branding in Small Companies. A case study of Vital Tea, Pakistan

Branding is in the midst of those marketing gadget which are presumed to be used for only large-size companies or organizations. Our study is an endeavor to confiscate this distinction among large and small enterprises and proving it with the help of branding models and theoretical literature depending on our empirical findings. The aim of this research report is to stimulate the significance of this pivotal tool of business among the small enterprises so that it can also be supportive in smoothing the progress of their businesses as well from its benefits. In order to reach the purpose of our study, we have used the qualitative research approach and used the telephonic interview based data collection technique in this regard. The study is conducted by a case-study at VITAL TEA, a tea company located in Pakistan. Vital tea is the company which has not been considering branding as the best suited tool to grow in the small markets as the general small companies‘ perception described above. The study has come up with the results that either you can‘t apply the full fledge branding model in a small size company but still being a small company they can apply the branding models up to their capacity of resources like time, funds, trained personnel etc. Moreover, we have found that the proper implementation of branding activities needs, planning, awareness and proper training to the company‘s personnel‘s if the small companies really want to get the competitive edge over competitor companies. Finally, we have answered all our research questions along with the recommendations to our sample company (The Vital Tea).
Design and Implementation of an Efficient Rose Leaf Disease Detection using K-Nearest
Neighbours

Plants are prone to different diseases caused by multiple reasons like environmental conditions, light, bacteria, and fungus. These diseases always have some physical characteristics on the leaves, stems, and fruit, such as changes in natural appearance, spot, size, etc. Due to similar patterns, distinguishing and identifying category of plant disease is the most challenging task. Therefore, efficient and flawless mechanisms should be discovered earlier so that accurate identification and prevention can be performed to avoid several losses of the entire plant. Therefore, an automated identification system can be a key factor in preventing loss in the cultivation and maintaining high quality of agriculture products. This paper introduces modeling of rose plant leaf disease classification technique using feature extraction process and supervised learning mechanism. The outcome of the proposed study justifies the scope of the proposed system in terms of accuracy towards the classification of different kind of rose plant disease.
Alternative Proof for the Recurrence and Transience of Random Walks in Random Environment with Bounded Jumps∗

We derive a new proof of a recurrence and transience criteria for a class of random walks in random environment with bounded jumps, where the environment is assumed to be stationary and ergodic. Martingale convergence method is used in this paper, comparing the original one (Brémont (2002)) by the method of computing the exit probability.
Control System Design and Validation for Visual Based Indoor Inspection Helicopter

This paper is on control system design for visual based indoor inspection by the model helicopters. For the indoor inspection system for large structures, there are some cases where it is difficult for humans to work with. This paper introduces indoor inspection helicopter system with only inspection camera and prism for position sensing as payload. The control system is designed to help the operator of the inspection system to control the helicopter to designated position without much practice. The cases of the control by experienced and novice operators are compared and results show that the system has feasibility for indoor inspection system to be used by any kind of users.
Fully-Automated Femor for Constructing Statistical Shape Model of Distal Femur

This paper primarily proposes a method of implementing statistical shape model (SSM) of distal femur by automatically determining subject have a wide range of applications in both and surgical planning. The main challenge in implementing SSM of distal femur as being complex in shape and a part of the whole femur, is to find correspondence across subjects automaticall the purpose of aligning training sub respondence is observer-dependent and time consuming, this study is intended to tackle these drawbacks by proposing a fully user magnetic resonance (MR) images of isolated knee because of high spatial resolution. The proposed methods are based on morphological analysis of distal f moral bone in 3D MR image to locate the anatomical features automatica been constructed by utilizing the implemented FCSs in a set of volumetric MR images. Images were reconstructed and synthesized in each dimension from the model, and finally w benchmarks index-generalization ability could be volumetric image (CT/MR) matching of distal femur
Effective CPU overclocking scheme considering energy efficiency

More recently, the Green Computing have become a important issue in all fields of industry. The energy efficiency cannot be over-emphasized. Microprocessor companies such as Intel Corporation design processors with taking both energy efficiency and performance into account. Nevertheless, general computer users typically utilize the CPU overclocking to enhance the application performance. The overclocking is traditionally considered as an evil in terms of the power consumption. In this paper, we present effective CPU overclocking schemes, which raise CPU frequency while keeping current CPU supply voltage for energy reduction and performance improvement. The proposed scheme gain both energy reduction and performance improvement. Evaluation results show that our proposed schemes reduce the processor execution time as much as 17% and total computer system energy as much as 5%, respectively. In addition, our effective CPU overclocking schemes reduce the Energy Delay Product (EDP) as much as 22%, on average.
Stellungnahme der DGS zu Palbociclib (Ibrance®)

Patientinnen mit metastasiertem Mammakarzinom überleben im Median 20 –28 Monate [1, 2]. Eine Heilung dieser Patientinnen ist nicht möglich, und jedes Jahr versterben in Deutschland etwa 18 000 Frauen an dieser Erkrankung [1, 3 – 5]. Anders als beim frühen (nicht metastasierten) invasiven Mammakarzinom ist das altersstandardisierte relative 5-Jahres-Überleben von Frauen mit einem metastasierten Mammakarzinom in den letzten Jahren nicht angestiegen. Es besteht daher ein hoher ungedeckter medizinischer Bedarf. Im Hinblick auf den palliativen Charakter der Erkrankung beinhalten die therapeutischen Ziele neben einer Verlängerung des gesamten Überlebens vor allem auch eine Symptomkontrolle, d. h. die Verzögerung einer Progression, nach Möglichkeit eine Vermeidung toxischer Therapien und den Erhalt der Lebensqualität [6]. National und international wird zur Behandlung des Hormonrezeptor(HR)positiven und Humanen-epidermalenWachstumsfaktorrezeptor(HER2)-negativen metastasierten Mammakarzinoms die endokrine Behandlung als Therapie der Wahl empfohlen [4 – 7]. In der klinischen Routine kommen hier bei Frauen in der Postmenopause Aromataseinhibitoren (Anastrozol, Letrozol und Exemestan) sowie selektive Östrogenrezeptormodulatoren (Tamoxifen) bzw. Down-Regulatoren (Fulvestrant) zum Einsatz [4 – 7]. Jedoch entwickeln die meisten Patientinnen unter endokriner Therapie eine Resistenz [8]. Eine wesentliche Ursache ist die Überaktivierung der Cyclin-Abhängigen Kinasen 4 und 6 (CDK4/6), die die Phosphorylierung des Tumorsupressors Retinoblastom-Protein vermitteln. Dadurch wird der Übergang von der G1-Phase des Zellzyklus in die S-Phase getriggert, und es kommt zur Zellzyklusprogression und Tumorproliferation [9]. CDK4/6-Inhibitoren (Palbociclib, Ribociclib, Abemaciclib) wirken einer Resistenzentwicklung unter endokriner Therapie entgegen und steigern die Wirksamkeit der endokrinen Therapie [10 – 13]. Im Hinblick auf die hohe Effektivität bei gleichzeitig gut kontrollierbaren Nebenwirkungen und ähnlicher Lebensqualität wie unter alleiniger endokriner Therapie wird die Kombination der endokrinen Behandlung mit CDK4/6-Inhibtoren von nationalen und internationalen Leitlinien empfohlen und ist daher mittlerweile klinischer Standard [4 – 7]. Die Deutsche Gesellschaft für Senologie (DGS) kann die Bewertung des Zusatznutzens von Palbociclib im Vergleich zur zweckmäßigen Vergleichstherapie durch das IQWiG daher nicht nachvollziehen.
Laccase-mediator pretreatment delignifies woody and nonwoody plant feedstocks and improves enzymatic saccharification

This study was funded by INDOX (KBBE-2013-7-613549) EU- and LIGNOCELL (AGL2011-25379) Spanish-MICINN (co-financed by FEDER funds) projects. J. Rencoret acknowledges the CSIC JAE-Doc contract of the program JAE co-financed by the ESF. H Lund (Novozymes) is acknowledged for the cellulases and the M. thermophila laccase, J Romero (ENCE) and JL Colodette (Univ. of Vicosa) for the eucalypt and Elephant grass, respectively, and M Angulo (CITIUS, Univ. of Seville) for providing technical assistance in the NMR analyses. EM Cadena (Univ. of Colombia) and D. Barth (VTT) are acknowledged for their valuable contribution to first enzymatic pretreatments and saccharification assays, respectively.
Evaluation of Texture Maps as Input to Extract Deep Features in Glaucoma Diagnosis

Glaucoma is a significant cause of blindness in the world. Doctors use computerized images to detect these diseases. Early detection of the disease increases the chances of treatment, reducing the adverse effects. This work proposes an evaluation of texture maps combinations as input to Convolutional Neural Networks for glaucoma classification in retinal images. In our experiments, we used three textures maps, three CNN architectures, and three classifiers. We achieve a Kappa =0.708±0.054 and a Accuracy = 0.859±0.021. We conclude that using the combination of texture maps can improve the automatic detection of glaucoma compared to single-channel inputs, and could be used by state-of-the-art methods to improve their classification rates.
Immunopharmacology and in fl ammation Effects of a combination of ketanserin and propranolol on in fl ammatory hyperalgesia in rats

Pain management is still challenging in clinic as current analgesics either are not very effective or produce serious adverse effects. This study aimed to examine if old drugs could display the new use and to develop a novel therapy for inflammatory pain. Injection of carrageenan in hindpaw evoked hyperalgesia detected by noxious heat stimulation. Intraplantar (i.pl.) injection of the 5-HT1A receptor antagonist WAY-100635 increased paw withdrawal latency (PWL) above normal level (hypoalgesia) during the late phase of carrageenan-evoked inflammation. The hypoalgesia was completely abolished by systemic injection of naloxone chloride and naloxone methiodide. Moreover, i.pl. injection of a combination of WAY-100635 and ketanserin, a 5-HT2A receptor antagonist, at their minimal doses attenuated hyperalgesia in the late phase of carrageenan-evoked inflammation. Subcutaneous (s.c.) injection of both ketanserin and propranolol dose-dependently inhibited carrageenan-evoked hyperalgesia. The treatment with a combination of ketanserin and propranolol by s.c. injection abolished carrageenan-evoked hyperalgesia at the doses, at which the drugs failed to alter the hypersensitivity when they were given alone. Furthermore, the combination of ketanserin and propranolol was also effective in relieving arthritic hyperalgesia and muscle pain at a minimal dose. The present study suggests that the activation of 5-HT1A receptors suppressed naloxone-reversible antinociception contributing to the maintenance of inflammatory pain, and that the concomitant blockade of 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptors in the periphery produced synergistic effects on inflammatory hyperalgesia. It is proposed that the combination of ketanserin and propranolol injected s.c. could be a promising therapy for relieving inflammatory pain with minimal side effects. & 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.