Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE ROLE OF INTEGRINS ALPHA-2-BETA-1 AND ALPHA-3-BETA-1 IN CELL CELL AND CELL SUBSTRATE ADHESION OF HUMAN EPIDERMAL-CELLS THE ROLE OF INTEGRINS ALPHA-2-BETA-1 AND ALPHA-3-BETA-1 IN CELL CELL AND CELL SUBSTRATE ADHESION OF HUMAN EPIDERMAL-CELLS.

We have examined cultures of neonatal human foreskin keratinocytes (HFKs) to determine the ligands and functions of integrins 0~2/31, and ot3/31 in normal epidermal stratification and adhesion to the basement membrane zone (BMZ) in skin. We used three assay systems, HFK adhesion to purified extracellular matrix (ECM) ligands and endogenous secreted ECM, localization of integrins in focal adhesions (FAs), and inhibition of HFK adhesion with mAbs to conclude: (a) A new anti-ot3fll mAb, P1F2, localized ot3/~l in FAs on purified laminin > fibronectin/collagen, indicating that laminin was the best exogenous ligand for ct3~l. However, in long term culture, ot3/~l preferentially codistributed in and around FAs with secreted laminin-containing ECM, in preference to exogenous laminin. Anti-a3/~l, mAb P1B5, detached prolonged cultures of HFKs from culture plates or from partially purified HFK ECM indicating that interaction of a3/~l with the secreted laminincontaining ECM was primarily responsible for HFK adhesion in long term culture. (b), In FA assays, a2/~l localized in FAs coincident with initial HFK adhesion to exogenous collagen, but not laminin or fibronectin. However, in inhibition assays, anti-&2/31 inhibited initial HFK adhesion to both laminin and collagen. Thus, ot2/31 contributes to initial HFK adhesion to laminin but tx3/31 is primarily responsible for longterm HFK adhesion to secreted laminin-containing ECM. (c) Serum or Ca2+-induced aggregation of HFKs resulted in relocation of 0t2/31 and ot3/31 from FAs to cell-cell contacts. Further, cell-cell adhesion was inhibited by anti-c~3/31 (P1B5) and a new anti-/31 mAb (P4C10). Thus, interaction of c~3/31 with either ECM or membrane coreceptors at cell-cell contacts may facilitate Ca2+-induced HFK aggregation. (d) It is suggested that interaction of ot3/31 with a secreted, laminin-containing ECM in cultured HFKs, duplicates the role of ot3/31 in basal cell adhesion to the BMZ in skin. Further, relocation of o~2B1 and c~3/31 to cell-cell contacts may result in detachment of cells from the BMZ and increased cell-cell adhesion in the suprabasal cells contributing to stratification of the
Variable Major Proteins of Borrelia Hermsii

The reappearance of borreliae in a patient's blood during a second, third, or fourth febrile crisis of relapsing fever has suggested to students of this disease that these spirochetes undergo antigenic variation (1-4). Meleney summarized the state of knowledge of this phenemenon in 1928 (4): "At the time of the crisis which terminates the attack of fever, there is rapid agglutination and destruction of the spirochetes with the subsequent formation of immune bodies in the blood. These substances are specific for the strain of spirochetes which was present during the preceding attack, but have no influence on the spirochetes of the succeeding relapse. The spirochetes of the relapse give rise, in turn, to immune substances which are specific for them but not for the spirochetes of the first attack. " Schuhardt and Wilkerson (5) showed in 1951 that these antigenically distinct relapse strains appeared after inoculations of rats with single organisms of Borrelia turicatae. Coffey and Eveland (6) subsequently identified by immunofluorescence three novel serotypes of Borrelia hermsii in the blood of rats experiencing relapses. One of us (H. G. Stoenner) has further defined this phenomenon of antigenic variation by studying B. hermsii, an agent of relapsing fever in North America, in mice. The use of serotype-specific antisera permitted identification of 24 different serotypes among the progeny of a single organism inoculated into a mouse (7). We are attempting to identify and characterize the variable antigens of B. hermsii. Although there has been considerable interest among biologists in similar phenomena shown by the salivarian trypanosomes (8-12), relatively little is known of borrelial antigens, their locations in the cells, and the mechanism of antigenic variation. Using both polyclonal antisera and monoclonal antibodies, we have identified in whole cell lysates of B. hermsii an abundant protein that is serotype specific. Materials and Methods Organisms and Culture Conditions. The origin of the B. hermsii strain used in these studies has been described (13, 14). It was designated strain HS1. Details of the strategy and methods used for identification and isolation of relapse serotypes is described elsewhere (7). In summary, HS1 was cloned by limiting dilution in Swiss mice of the Rocky Mountain Laboratories stock (RML). 1 Spirochetes were enumerated by dark-field microscopy (14). Preliminary experiments had shown that one borrelia inoculated intraperitoneally was sufficient to produce spiroche-1 Abbreviations used in this paper:
Galanin, a Potent Inhibitor of Pancreatic Bicarbonate Secretion, Is Involved in the Induction and Progression of Cerulein-Induced Experimental Acute Pancreatitis

To the Editor: W e read with great interest the article by Bhandari et al recently published in Pancreas. They showed that galanin plays an important role in the pathogenesis of cerulein-induced pancreatitis. Acute pancreatitisYinduced hyperenzynemia in the plasma was approximately 50% to 60%, pancreatic myeloperoxidase activity was about 50%, and acinar cell necrosis was about 70% less in galanin gene knockout versus wild-type mice. In addition, administration of the galanin receptor antagonist, galantide, ameliorated acute pancreatitis. That exogenous galanin alone had no effect in wild-type mice with pancreatitis suggests that endogenous, but not exogenous, galanin exacerbates the disease. However, the mechanisms underlying the toxic effect of galanin during acute pancreatitis is unknown. It has been suggested that galanin can contribute to acute pancreatitis by decreasing pancreatic vascular perfusion, enhancing neurogenic inflammation, and inhibiting pancreatic enzyme secretion. We have shown earlier that galanin is a strong inhibitor of both endogenous and exogenous cholecystokininYstimulated pancreatic protein and volume secretion (20%Y30%) in vivo, whereas others have published that galanin inhibits ceruleininduced amylase secretion by 15% to 20% in vitro. However, it is almost completely forgotten that galanin inhibits basal pancreatic bicarbonate secretion in the innervated pancreas by approximately 90%. The data provided by Brodish et al8 suggest that in the innervated pancreas, galanin inhibits pancreatic ductal bicarbonate secretion much stronger than enzyme secretion (Fig. 1). However, in a chronic denervated pancreas model, the inhibitory effect of galanin was decreased by approximately 40%, suggesting an important role of neural factors on galanin-induced inhibition of pancreatic bicarbonate secretion. Galanin dose-dependently inhibited secretin-, cholecystokinin, and meal-induced bicarbonate outputs in both innervated and denervated pancreas. These data suggest that galanin inhibits bicarbonate secretion by different mechanisms such as inhibition of acetylcholine release from parasympathetic nerves and/or inhibition of insulin release from A cells and/or galanin release from sympathetic nerves. Furthermore, a direct effect of galanin on pancreatic ductal cells cannot be excluded. Taken together, the aforementioned data clearly suggest that galanin is a potent inhibitor of pancreatic ductal volume and bicarbonate secretion. Pancreatic ductal fluid and bicarbonate secretion have been shown to be crucially important for maintaining the integrity of the pancreas. The main function of this bicarbonate-rich isotonic solution is to transport digestive enzymes into the duodenum and to neutralize gastric acid. Of note, decreased ductal fluid secretion in patients with cystic fibrosis
SELF-FORGIVENESS IN ROMANTIC RELATIONSHIPS: THE IMPACT ON THE PERPETRATOR AND THE RELATIONSHIP

SELF-FORGIVENESS IN ROMANTIC RELATIONSHIPS: THE IMPACT ON THE PERPETRATOR AND THE RELATIONSHIP By Jaclyn Mary Moloney, M.S. A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Virginia Commonwealth University. Virginia Commonwealth University Major Director: Jeffrey D. Green, Associate Professor, Department of Psychology Two studies were conducted to determine how self-forgiveness and other perpetrator reactions influence the perpetrator and the victim after a romantic relationship transgression. Study 1 used a longitudinal design to determine how guilt and shame predicted the trajectory of self-forgiveness, self-excusing, and self-punishing in participants who had recently been the perpetrator of a romantic relationship transgression. Those experiencing higher guilt at baseline had higher self-forgiveness starting out and those lower on guilt starting out had a greater change in self-forgiveness. Those experiencing more guilt at baseline experienced less change in self-forgiveness over time. Shame was not significantly related to self-forgiveness over time. Those experiencing higher shame at baseline were higher in self-excusing starting out. Those lower on shame starting out had a greater increase in self-excusing over time and those experiencing more shame at baseline experienced less increase in self-excusing over time. Guilt was not significantly related to self-excusing over time. Neither guilt nor shame predicted change in self-punishment over time. In Study 2, couples came into the lab and wrote about the same offense. One participant wrote from the perspective of the perpetrator and the other from the perspective of the victim. Victims reported their forgiveness and perception of their partners’ reactions to wrongdoing. Perpetrators reported their perception of their partners’ feelings of forgiveness and their feelings of self-forgiveness, self-excusing, and self-punishing. Both members reported their relationship satisfaction and commitment. Overall, self-forgiveness by the perpetrator was not a strong predictor of perpetrator satisfaction or commitment. Victims were more satisfied and committed when perceiving selfforgiveness from their partner, even though their partners’ self-forgiveness did not have an effect. Self-forgiveness only positively predicted perpetrators’ satisfaction and commitment when participants reported decisional self-forgiveness. Victims’ perceptions of the perpetrators’ self-excusing and perpetrators’ self-punishing negatively predicted victim commitment and satisfaction. Victims’ perceived perpetrator selfpunishing positively predicted perpetrators’ commitment. Perpetrator perceived victim forgiveness and victim forgiveness both positively predicted satisfaction for the perpetrator and the victim. This suggests that perpetrators’ perceptions of victim forgiveness may be more important for the perpetrator than the victim actually forgiving them.
Pertussis toxin exploits specific host cell signaling pathways for promoting invasion and translocation of E. coli K1 RS218 in human brain-derived microvascular endothelial cells

Pertussis toxin (PTx), an AB5 toxin and major virulence factor of the whooping cough-causing pathogen Bordetella pertussis , has been shown to affect the blood brain barrier (BBB). Dysfunction of the BBB may facilitate penetration of bacterial pathogens into the brain such as E. coli K1 (RS218). In this study we investigated the influence of PTx on BBB permissiveness to E. coli infection using human brain-derived endothelial HBMEC and TY10 cells as in vitro models. Our results indicate that PTx acts at several key points of host cell intracellular signaling pathways, which are also affected by E. coli K1 RS218 infection. Application increased the expression of the pathogen binding gp96. Further, we found an activation of STAT3 and of the small GTPase Rac1, which have been described to be essential for bacterial invasion involving we showed VE-cadherin and from
In-flight quality assessment and data processing for airborne laser scanning

One of the main problems of today's Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) systems is the lack of reliable data QA/QC (Quality Assurance/ Quality Control) within or shortly after the airborne survey campaign. This thesis presents the development of methods to perform automated processing and QA/QC of ALS data during data acquisition (in-flight). The backbone of these methods is an error propagation algorithm that estimates the expected accuracy of the point-cloud. The error propagation considers the uncertainties induced by the direct georeferencing (DG) and the changing scanning geometry. A novel methodology that derives the scanning geometry directly from the point-cloud and computes a final quality indicator for every laser point is developed. To predict the accuracy of the navigation solution, this research also proposes a methodology to estimate in realtime (RT) the likelihood of fixing the differential carrier-phase ambiguities during post-processing. Furthermore, an innovative procedure to describe the quality of digital terrain models (DTM) derived from ALS data is presented. The successful implementation of these concepts into a fully functional in-flight quality monitoring tool embedded in an ALS system is demonstrated. The proposed tool incorporates RT GPS/INS processing and point-cloud georeferencing. The general performance of the tool, the validity of the quality indicators and the achievable improvement in efficiency for ALS data acquisition are assessed in airborne surveys. It is shown that when using RTK GPS (real-time kinematics) as positioning mode, the tool can provide point-clouds with sub-decimeter accuracy in RT.
Efficacy and Safety of Apixaban in Patients After Cardioversion for Atrial Fibrillation: Insights From the ARISTOTLE Trial (Apixaban for Reduction in Stroke and Other Thromboembolic Events in Atrial Fibrillation)

Efficacy and Safety of Apixaban in Patients After Cardioversion for Atrial Fibrillation Insights From the ARISTOTLE Trial (Apixaban for Reduction in Stroke and Other Thromboembolic Events in Atrial Fibrillation) Greg Flaker, MD,* Renato D. Lopes, MD, PHD,y Sana M. Al-Khatib, MD, MHS,y Antonio G. Hermosillo, MD,z Stefan H. Hohnloser, MD,x Brian Tinga, MS,y Jun Zhu, MD,k Puneet Mohan, MD, PHD,{ David Garcia, MD,# Jozef Bartunek, MD, PHD,** Dragos Vinereanu, MD, PHD,yy Steen Husted, MD, DMSC,zz Veli Pekka Harjola, MD, PHD,xx Marten Rosenqvist, MD,kk John H. Alexander, MD, MHS,y Christopher B. Granger, MD,y for the ARISTOTLE Committees and Investigators
A continent‐wide map of 1‐Hz Lg coda Q variation across Eurasia and its relation to lithospheric evolution

[1] We present new maps of Lg coda Q (Qo and its frequency dependence) at 1-Hz that cover virtually all of Eurasia. Qo is relatively high, up to 650 or more, in the east European, Siberian, Indian, and Kazakh platforms but is surprisingly low (300–500) in the Arabian platform and western portion of the Siberian platform as well as in Great Britain and the northwestern portion of mainland Europe. It is generally low throughout the Tethysides orogenic belt, but there too it displays substantial regional variations (150–400). Most Qo anomalies appear to be related to the tectonic history of the Eurasian crust. The four regions with lowest values coincide with four of Eurasia's most active concentrations of earthquake activity. Observed Eurasian Qo values are consistent with a previously determined empirical plot of global values in which Qo in any region is proportional to the time elapsed since the most recent episode of tectonic or orogenic activity there. Comparisons of the new Qo map with maps of Rayleigh wave velocity, temperature, subducted lithosphere, and seismicity lead us to infer that Lg coda wave attenuation is most easily explained by energy lost in moving fluids through permeable rock or in being scattered from fluid-enhanced zones. The fluids are likely to have originated by hydrothermal release from subducting lithosphere or other upper mantle heat sources. Anomalies in Qo and other lithospheric properties in some cases extend well outside the Tethysides belt and other regions where upper mantle heat sources are known to occur. Possible explanations include earlier episodes of subduction activity, crustal deformation due to collision of the Afro-Arabian and Indian plates, or broader than expected back-arc activity beneath Eurasia.
Satellite climatology of African dust transport in the Mediterranean atmosphere

A daily analysis of African dust concentrations in the Mediterranean atmosphere has been made between June 1983 and December 1994 using the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP-B2) archive of Meteosat visible (VIS) channel images. The ISCCP-B2 archive of Meteosat infrared (IR) images has also been used to determine the frequencies of dust mobilization over the continent, north of 30°N. Despite a large daily variability, climatological results show a clear seasonal cycle with a maximum during the dry season: dust transport begins over the eastern basin in spring and spreads over the western basin in summer. These patterns are shown to be related to both cyclogenesis over North Africa and rainfall over the Mediterranean Sea. Indeed, the frequency of dust mobilization over the continent and of dust outbreaks over the sea are strongly related to the climatology of depressions affecting North Africa. Precipitations appear to be an important factor explaining both the seasonal east-west shift in transport location and the south-north gradients of dust concentrations over the Mediterranean.
The Shared Reward Dilemma

One of the most direct human mechanisms of promoting cooperation is rewarding it. We study the effect of sharing a reward among cooperators in the most stringent form of social dilemma. Thus, individuals confront a new dilemma: on the one hand, they may be inclined to choose the shared reward despite the possibility of being exploited by defectors; on the other hand, if too many players do that, cooperators will obtain a poor reward and defectors will outperform them. By appropriately tuning the amount to be shared we can cast a vast variety of scenarios, including traditional ones in the study of cooperation as well as more complex situations where unexpected behavior can occur. We provide a complete classification of the equilibria of the n-player game as well as of the evolutionary dynamics. Beyond, we extend our analysis to a general class of public good games where competition among individuals with the same strategy exists.
A three-factor structure of cognitive functioning among carriers and non-carriers of autosomal-dominant Alzheimer’s disease

Objective: There is a need to find cognitive markers that can help identify individuals at risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and that can be used to reliably measure cognitive decline. We tested whether a theoretically driven three-factor structure would characterize cognitive functioning in individuals who are genetically-determined to develop AD due to a mutation in Presenilin-1 (PSEN1) gene. We also examined whether these factors could distinguish cognitively unimpaired PSEN1 mutation carriers from age-matched non-carrier family members. Method: 1395 cognitively unimpaired members of a Colombian kindred with the PSEN1 E280A mutation were included in the study. A confirmatory factor analysis examined the fit of the three-factor model comprising episodic memory (MMSE memory recall, CERAD-COL Word list recall and Constructional praxis recall), executive function (Phonemic fluency and WCST perseverative errors), and psychomotor processing speed (TMT-A Results: The three-factor model provided an excellent fit for all participants (p=.24;RMSEA=. 01). Further, the episodic memory (p=.0004,d=0.25) and executive functioning (p=.001,d=0.18) factors distinguished cognitively unimpaired carriers from non-carriers. The episodic memory factor provided the earliest indication of preclinical cognitive decline at 35 years of age, nine years before individuals’ estimated age of clinical onset. Conclusions: The three theoretically derived cognitive factors provide a reliable measure of cognition and may be useful for the early detection of AD, as well as for measuring disease progression. However, longitudinal studies are needed to confirm that these factors can be used to track the progression of cognitive decline in preclinical AD.
DETERMINAN MOTIVASI KERJA, STATUS SOSIAL EKONOMI, DAN POLA ASUH ORANG TUA TERHADAP NIAT BERWIRASWASTA SISWA SMK PARIWISATA TRIATMA JAYA DALUNG KABUPATEN BADUNG PROPINSI BALI

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji determinan beberapa faktor nonintelek terhadap niat berwiraswasta pada Siswa SMK Pariwisata Triatma JayaDalung Kabupaten Badung Propinsi Bali. Penelitian ini adalah jenis penelitianekspost-facto. Variabel bebas dalam penelitian ini adalah motivasi kerja, statussosial ekonomi, dan pola asuh orang tua. Sedangkan variabel terikatnya adalahniat berwiraswasta. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk menjaring data adalahkuisioner tentang motivasi kerja, status sosial ekonomi, dan niat berwiraswasta.Instrumen ini dikembangkan sendiri oleh peneliti dengan mengacu pada prinsipprinsippengembangan instrumen dan standarisasi pengembangan instrumen yangdibenarkan secara ilmiah.Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMK Pariwisata Triatma Jaya DalungKabupaten Badung, Propinsi Bali. Sampel penelitian ini berjumlah 280 orangsiswa kelas X. Analisis data menggunakan analisis korelasi dan regresi ganda.Hasil analisis data penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) terdapat determinasiyang signifikan antara motivasi kerja terhadap niat berwiraswasta siswa SMKPariwisata Triatma Jaya Dalung Kabupaten Badung. melalui persamaan regresiYˆ = 61.107 + 0.332 X1. 2) terdapat determinasi yang signifikan antara status sosialekonomi dengan niat berwiraswasta siswa SMK Pariwisata Triatma Jaya DalungKabupaten Badung. Untuk menguji hipotesis ini digunakan tehnik analisis regresibivariat, analisis yang dilakukan menghasilkan persamaan regresi Yˆ = 81.148 +0.152 X2. 3) terdapat determinasi yang signifikan antara pola asuh orang tuadengan niat berwiraswasta siswa SMK Pariwisata Triatma Jaya DalungKabupaten Badung. Untuk menguji hipotesis ini digunakan tehnik analisis regresibivariat, analisis yang dilakukan menghasilkan persamaan regresi Yˆ = 85.467 +0.119 X3. 4) terdapat determinasi yang signifikan secara bersama-sama antaramotivasi kerja, status sosial ekonomi, dan pola asuh orang tua dengan niatberwiraswasta siswa SMK Pariwisata Triatma Jaya Badung. Untuk mengujihipotesis ini digunakan tehnik analisis regresi bivariat. Analisis yang dilakukanmenghasilkan persamaan regresi Yˆ = 47.772 + 0,304X1 + 0,107X2 + 0,100X3.Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat determinasiyang signifikan faktor non intelek yaitu motivasi kerja, status sosial ekonomi, polaasuh orang tua terhadap niat berwiraswasta siswa SMK Pariwisata Triatma JayaDalung Kabupaten Badung Propinsi Bali. Kata Kunci : Determinan, faktor non intelek, dan niat berwiraswasta