Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Postgraduate Symposium Positive influence of nutritional alkalinity on bone health

There is growing evidence that consumption of a Western diet is a risk factor for osteoporosis through excess acid supply, while fruits and vegetables balance the excess acidity, mostly by providing K-rich bicarbonate-rich foods. Western diets consumed by adults generate approximately 50–100 mEq acid/d; therefore, healthy adults consuming such a diet are at risk of chronic low-grade metabolic acidosis, which worsens with age as a result of declining kidney function. Bone buffers the excess acid by delivering cations and it is considered that with time an overstimulation of this process will lead to the dissolution of the bone mineral content and hence to reduced bone mass. Intakes of K, Mg and fruit and vegetables have been associated with a higher alkaline status and a subsequent beneficial effect on bone health. In healthy male volunteers an acid-forming diet increases urinary Ca excretion by 74% and urinary C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (C-telopeptide) excretion by 19% when compared with an alkali (base-forming) diet. Cross-sectional studies have shown that there is a correlation between the nutritional acid load and bone health measured by bone ultrasound or dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Few studies have been undertaken in very elderly women (>75 years), whose osteoporosis risk is very pertinent. The EVAluation of Nutrients Intakes and Bone Ultra Sound Study has developed and validated (n 51) an FFQ for use in a very elderly Swiss population (mean age 80·4 (sd 2·99) years), which has shown intakes of key nutrients (energy, fat, carbohydrate, Ca, Mg, vitamin C, D and E) to be low in 401 subjects. A subsequent study to assess net endogenous acid production (NEAP) and bone ultrasound results in 256 women aged ≥75 years has shown that lower NEAP (P=0·023) and higher K intake (P=0·033) are correlated with higher bone ultrasound results. High acid load may be an important additional risk factor that may be particularly relevant in very elderly patients with an already-high fracture risk. The latter study adds to knowledge by confirming a positive link between dietary alkalinity and bone health indices in the very elderly. In a further study to complement these findings it has also been shown in a group of thirty young women that in Ca sufficiency an acid Ca-rich water has no effect on bone resorption, while an alkaline bicarbonate-rich water leads to a decrease in both serum parathyroid hormone and serum C-telopeptide. Further investigations need to be undertaken to study whether these positive effects on bone loss are maintained over long-term treatment. Mineral-water consumption could be an easy and inexpensive way of helping to prevent osteoporosis and could be of major interest for long-term prevention of bone loss.
Rapid characterization of large volcanic eruptions: measuring the impulse of the Hunga Tonga explosion from teleseismic waves

Most of the largest volcanic activity in the world occurs in remote places as deep oceans or poorly monitored oceanic islands. Thus, our capacity of monitoring volcanoes is limited to remote sensing and global geophysical observations. However, the rapid estimation of volcanic eruption parameters is needed for scientiﬁc understanding of the eruptive process and rapid hazard estimation. We present a method to rapidly identify large volcanic explosions, based on analysis of seismic data. With this methodology, we promptly detect the January 15, 2022 Hunga Tonga eruption. We then analyze the seismic waves generate by the volcanic explosion and estimate important ﬁrst-order parameters of the eruption. We further relate the parameters with the volcanic explosivity index (VEI). Our estimate of VEI˜6, indicate how the Hunga Tonga eruption is among the largest volcanic activity ever recorded with modern geophysical instrumentation, and can provide new insights about the physics of large volcanoes
Markerless Registration Based on Natural Features Tracking for Augmented Reality

In augmented reality system, registration is always a problem which is difficult to resolve effectively, especially for marker less registration. Due to the placed marks for marked visual registration method, it would cause visual pollution, and the registration often fails when the mark is partially occluded. Registered quality directly affects the fusion effects of the virtuality and reality. This paper proposed a marker less tracking registration method combined natural feature points with affine reprojection. Firstly it extracted natural feature points from real scene with SIFT algorithm, then exploited KLT algorithm to track and match the effective feature points in each image, carried out the homography matrix of each frame with affine reprojection technology, and computed the real scene 3D registration for each frame image, so as to implement the tracking registration effectively. This method is also applicable to those cases of plane feature points being occluded. Index Terms - Augmented Reality, Markerless, Tracking, Registration
Saliency-aware Stereoscopic Video Retargeting

In this supplementary material, we provide more results and ablation studies to demonstrate the efficiency of our proposed Saliency-aware Stereoscopic Video Retargeting. In section B, we provide results to illustrate the importance of the salient object detection module. Section C presents more ablation study results, more failure cases, and the dilation operation. More qualitative and quantitative results are provided in section D.
Closing the Loop on E-waste A Multidisciplinary Perspective

This paper describes the challenges faced, and opportunities identiﬁed, by a multidisciplinary team of researchers developing a novel closed loop system to recover valuable metals and reduce e-waste, focusing on mobile phones as a case study. This multidisciplinary approach is contrasted with current top-down approaches to making the transition to the circular economy (CE). The aim of the research presented here is to develop a product service system (PSS) that facilitates the recovery of valuable functional components and metals from mobile phone circuit boards. To create a holistic solution and limit unintended consequences, in addition to technological solutions, this paper considers appropriate component lifetimes; the (often ignored) role of the citizen in the circular economy; customer interaction with the PSS; environmental life cycle assessment; and social impacts of the proposed PSS. Development of enabling technologies and materials to facilitate recovery of components and metals and to provide an emotionally durable external enclosure is described. This research also highlights the importance of understanding value in the CE from a multifaceted and interdisciplinary perspective.
A NUMERICAL STUDY OF THE MAGNETIC SKIN EFFECT: EFFICIENT PARAMETRIZATION OF 2D SURFACE-IMPEDANCE SOLUTION FOR LINEAR FERROMAGNETIC MATERIALS

This work presents an eﬃcient method based on asymptotic models in order to solve numerically eddy current problems in a bi-dimensional setting with a high contrast of linear relative magnetic permeability µ r (cid:29) 1 between a conductor and a dielectric subdomain. We describe a magnetic skin eﬀect by deriving a multiscale expansion for the magnetic potential in power series of a small parameter δ which represents the skin depth. We make explicit the ﬁrst asymptotics up to the order three. Some numerical results based on the ﬁnite element method will be presented to illustrate the magnetic skin eﬀect and to validate the performance of the proposed asymptotic models in the dielectric medium. We conﬁrm that the proposed asymptotics provide reduced computational costs for a wide range of the physical parameters introduced in our problem.
Tourism Through the Gaze of Stakeholders: the Case of Óbidos Lagoon in Portugal

Abstract Coastal lagoons are valued and sensitive ecosystems often threatened by human pressure. In our study, we focused on the development of local activities in the Óbidos lagoon and we aimed to understand the stakeholders’ view about the best solutions for local development. Stakeholders were divided into residents, tourists and groups of interest, and surveys and interviews were applied. The results indicated that although the lagoon is considered a dynamic economical resource for the local economy communities, tourism was identified by all stakeholders as the strategic tool for development in the lagoon. These results suggest the urgency to promote sustainable guidelines for the local tourism development.
Fostering critical thinking using Graphic Organizers in English language reading class

Fostering students’ critical thinking (CT) is an increasing concern in EFL classrooms in China as many students struggle to utilize the skill, particularly in EFL reading comprehension classes. This study investigated the effects of graphic organizers (GOs) on 60 Chinese senior high school students’ CT skills (analyzing and generalizing) in EFL reading classes. This study adopted a quasi-experimental mixed-method research design involving an experiment and an interview. The findings of this study showed the positive impacts of GOs on students’ CT skills. After the intervention, the results of the experimental group improved significantly. The findings showed that GOs could effectively improve the analytical and generalization skills of Chinese high school English reading class students. The students in the experimental group reported that the instructions received were motivating, increased their comprehension, made them more focused on reading and aware of CT skills and how to apply them in real reading contexts. This study implies that teachers may consider GOs an alternative teaching tool to improve CT skills in English Language reading classes, particularly in EFL contexts. Guidelines for teachers to use the different types of GOs to promote critical thinking should also be prepared to ensure the effective use of GOs in promoting reading comprehension and critical thinking skills.
Semantic Segmentation-Based Occupancy Grid Map Learning With Automotive Radar Raw Data

Precise road scene understanding is of great essence to autonomous driving. As a widely used method for road scene understanding, occupancy grid mapping is leveraged to detect obstacles and predict drivable road areas. Because of its robustness under harsh conditions, low cost, and large perceptual range, radar sensor is becoming increasingly important to achieve various critical perception tasks. However, for radar-based occupancy grid mapping, current inverse sensor model (ISM) relies on detection data and is most hand-crafted. In this work, we propose a novel data-driven ISM that employs the range-Doppler matrix as the input. With a systematic evaluation and comparison of our model with classic, hand-crafted ISM and the data-driven, detection-based Occupancy Net using RADIal dataset, we find that data-driven models are far superior to their hand-crafted counterpart. Furthermore, although both data-driven models are on par within near range (<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$<\! 50 \,\mathrm{m}$</tex-math></inline-formula>), our model outperforms Occupancy Net by a large margin in far range (<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$ [50 \,\mathrm{m},100 \,\mathrm{m}]$</tex-math></inline-formula>). Specifically, our model has about a <bold>0.3</bold> and <bold>0.4</bold> improvement in distant range for the intersection over union (IoU) and <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathrm{F}_{1}$</tex-math></inline-formula> score, respectively. In addition, leveraging adjacent occupancy grid map prediction, we propose a radar-based occupancy flow to precisely distinguish moving objects.
Visualisation of Electromagnetic Phenomena Using Augmented Reality Based on the Example of a Horn Antenna

: The paper presents and discusses the operation of a mobile application using the Augmented Reality (AR) to visualize the electromagnetic (EM) radiation of a horn antenna. The mobile application serves as a teaching aid and complements the laboratory setup for investigating EM radiation from a horn antenna. The EM radiation visualisation data were obtained through numerical simulation using the CST Studio Suite software, which enables modelling and simulation of various EM interactions. The mobile application was created using the Unity engine, which enables the development of mobile applications. The Vuforia library was used to implement digital data (obtained through numerical simulation) and overlay it onto the real image captured by the mobile camera. The application runs on devices with Android 8.0 and higher, and integrates the real 3D environment with virtual reality in real time.
Design, implementation, and initial results from a water-quality monitoring network for Atlanta, Georgia, USA

In cooperation with the City of Atlanta, Georgia, the US Geological Survey has designed and implemented a water-quantity and quality monitoring network that measures a variety of biological and chemical constituents in water and suspended sediment. The network consists of 20 long-term monitoring sites and is intended to assess water-quality trends in response to planned infrastructural improvements. Initial results from the network indicate that nonpoint-source contributions may be more significant than point-source contributions for selected sediment associated trace elements and nutrients. There also are indications of short-term discontinuous point-source contributions of these same constituents during baseflow.
Influence of lower stratospheric ozone variation on tropospheric temperature and mean meridional circulation in the Northern Hemisphere summer

Through statistical analyses of observational data, the study examined the influence of the lower stratospheric ozone variation on the troposphere in the Northern Hemisphere mid‐latitude summer. It was found that an increase in the lower stratospheric ozone strengthens static stability at the tropopause. Thus, the vertical wave propagation is trapped there more efficiently. The zonal flow deceleration due to the wave forcing induces anomalous residual mean circulation. This causes anomalous cooling in the troposphere through anomalous upward motion to the south of 60°N and less latent heating to the north. As a result, the tropospheric temperature decreases vis‐à‐vis the increase in stratospheric ozone. A sensitivity experiment was carried out using an AGCM to examine the tropospheric responses to the increase in stratospheric ozone. The result shows responses similar to the observations. The consistence between the observation and AGCM suggests a climate change in the troposphere induced by stratospheric ozone variation.
The Perspectives of Ecotourism Development in Small Islands of the South Dodecanese

ABSTRACT The infeasibility of implementing an organized mass tourism model in the small islands of the South Dodecanese, due to their geomorphology and size, the local production structures and their geographical position may on the one hand minimize the danger of facing the adverse environmental, social and cultural consequences of the tourism industry, at least for the time being, but on the other calls for an immediate choice of more environmentally and culturally friendly small- scale tourist activities, such as ecotourism, that can contribute to relaxing isolation and stopping or reversing demographic contraction. Thus, the functional linking and interwoving of the local development axes with activities directly related with ecotourism, aiming at the optimization of a mixture of economic and non- economic objectives, such as the increase of local employment, the provision of social services and environmental protection, may prove very effective in upgrading standards of living and thus retaining the most dynamic sections of the population.
standard versus trans-epithelial collagen cross-linking in keratoconus patients suitable for standard collagen cross-linking

Purpose: Evaluating the clinical results of trans-epithelial collagen cross-linking (CXL) and standard CXL in patients with progressive keratoconus. Methods: This prospective study comprised 20 eyes of 20 patients with progressive keratoconus. Ten eyes were treated by standard CXL and ten by trans-epithelial cross-linking (TE-CXL, epithelium on) with 1 year of follow-up. All patients underwent complete ophthalmologic testing that included pre- and postoperative uncorrected visual acuity, corrected visual acuity, spherical error, spherical equivalent, corneal astigmatism, simulated maximum, minimum, and average keratometry, coma and spherical aberration, optical pachymetry, and endothelial cell density. Intra-and postoperative complications were recorded. The solution used for standard CXL comprised riboflavin 0.1% and dextran 20.0% (Ricrolin), while the solution for TE-CXL (Ricrolin, TE) comprised riboflavin 0.1%, dextran 15.0%, trometamol (Tris), and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. Ultraviolet-A treatment was performed with UV-X System at 3 mW/cm 2 . Results: In both the standard CXL group (ten patients, ten eyes; mean age, 30.4 ± 7.3 years) and the TE-CXL group (ten patients, ten eyes; mean age, 28 ± 3.8 years), uncorrected visual acuity and corrected visual acuity improved significantly after treatment. Furthermore, a significant improvement in topographic outcomes, spherical error, and spherical equivalent was observed in both groups at month 12 posttreatment. No significant variations were recorded in other parameters. No complications were noted. Conclusion: A 1-year follow-up showed stability of clinical and refractive outcomes after standard CXL and TE-CXL. Optometry;
C‐band backscatter from a complexly‐layered snow cover on first‐year sea ice

We present a case study of observed and modelled C‐band microwave backscatter signatures for a complexly‐layered snow cover on smooth, land‐fast, first‐year sea ice. We investigate how complexly‐layered snow affects the backscatter, by comparing signatures with those for a simple snow cover, and through model sensitivity analysis. Backscatter signatures are obtained using a surface‐based scatterometer, on sea ice in Hudson Bay, Canada. Coincident in situ snow and ice geophysical measurements, and on‐ice meteorological observations, describe the snow cover formation and structure. A multilayer snow and ice backscatter model is used to iteratively add and subtract components of the complex snow cover to assess their impacts on the overall backscatter. For incidence angles between 20° and 70°, the backscatter from a complex snow cover on smooth first‐year sea ice is significantly higher than backscatter from a simple snow cover on similar sea ice. Sensitivity analysis suggests that rough ice layers formed within the complex snow cover and those superimposed at the sea ice interface are the physical mechanisms that affect an increase in surface and volume backscattering. This has implications for sea ice mapping, geophysical inversion and snow thickness studies. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evidence for a possible life-cycle association between Syracosphaera protrudens (heterococcolithophore) and Syracosphaera pulchra HOL pirus-type (holococcolithophore)

An apparently unambiguous combination coccosphere from the Eastern Mediterranean (Aegean Sea, Greece) is documented involving Syracosphaera protrudens Okada & McIntyre, 1977 and Syracosphaera pulchra Lohmann, 1902 HOL pirus-type. This finding is difficult to interpret in terms of the current understanding of Syracosphaera taxonomy and adds evidence to the hypothesis of a distinctly complex Syracosphaera pulchra life cycle.
IDENTIFIKASI GELOMBANG KELVIN ATMOSFER EKUATORIAL DI INDONESIA BERBASIS DATA NCEP/NCAR REANALYSIS I

Gelombang Kelvin diidentifikasi pada lapisan tropopause dan stratosfer bawah Indonesia dengan menggunakan teknik transformasi Fourier dari fungsi runtun waktu autokovarian ƒ(ω) angin zonal dan angin meridional. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh belum lengkapnya kajian terkait bukti keberadaan dan perilaku gelombang Kelvin, yang meliputi propagasi, struktur, periodisitas dan interaksinya dengan tipe-tipe osilasi atmosfer khatulistiwa di Indonesia. Hasil analisis spektral dan analisis distribusi energi kinetik (EK) angin horizontal pada lapisan tropopause, menunjukkan bahwa gelombang Kelvin di Indonesia Bagian Barat (IBB) muncul pada periode 15 harian (2πω-1, groundbase) dalam periode pengamatan I (observasi pada periode 1 Januari- 30 Maret yang berasosiasi dengan musim basah monsunal) dan 18 harian pada periode pengamatan III (observasi pada periode 29 Juni-26 September berasosiasi dengan musim kering monsunal). Di Indonesia Bagian Tengah (IBTA), gelombang Kelvin hanya ditemukan pada periode 12,9-18 harian dalam pengamatan I. Sementara di kawasan Indonesia Bagian Timur (IBT), gelombang ini muncul pada periode 10-12,9 harian pada periode pengamatan I dan 15-18 harian pada periode pengamatan III. Kehadiran gelombang Kelvin pada periode II dan IV tidak jelas teramati di Indonesia. Respon EK pada osilasi gelombang Kelvin 10-18 harian akan muncul ketika fenomena monsun menguat di troposfer Asia Tenggara. Pada lapisan stratosfer bawah Indonesia, gelombang Kelvin kuat teramati hanya pada periode pengamatan I dengan kisaran periode rata-rata 15-18 harian.
The East African March–May Rainy Season: Associated Atmospheric Dynamics and Predictability over the 1968–97 Period

Abstract This paper focuses on the East African March–May “long rains. ” Particularly, it investigates the atmospheric patterns associated to the March–May rainfall anomalies, then proposes a seasonal prediction model. In a preliminary step, in order to define a regional rainfall index, a new form of extended principal component analysis is performed, aimed at capturing both the spatial and intraseasonal rainfall coherence. What emerges is that although the long rains exhibit a low temporal coherence, calling for a separation between the months of March–April and May in teleconnection studies, they show a relatively strong spatial consistency over the Kenya–Uganda inland region. From composite analyses performed using NCEP–NCAR reanalyzed atmospheric data, three major signals appear for that region. Two are during March–April involving ENSO and the latitudinal location of the ITCZ, and ENSO interactions with the northern extratropical dynamics (by way of cool surges toward the Tropics and upper-ridge–troug.
The Effect Of Financial Ratio On Firm Value: Food and Beverage Sector Listed In IDX

A company is established with the aim of achieving profits and prosperity for company owners and shareholders in an industry. However, not all standing companies get maximum profits, so this study aims to determine whether the independent variables of financial ratios such as dividend policy, investment decision, leverage, profitability and firm size can affect the dependent variable firm value. This study took samples from companies listed on the IDX engaged in the food and beverage sector in 2017-2021 with the final sample used to conduct the research as many as 62 companies. The method of data analysis in this study uses the panel regression method which is useful for predicting and knowing the value of one variable against other variables. This research reveals that the independent variables dividend policy, investment decision and leverage have no significant effect on firm value, while the independent variables profitability and firm size have a significant but negative relationship to the dependent variable firm value.
The effects of shallow rheological boundaries in the upper mantle on inducing shorter time scales of diapiric flows

The authors report on a study of pulsating diapiric flow in the upper mantle. They study the effect of introducing new phase boundaries in the mantle on such flow. Basic models have an interface at a depth of 670 km in the rheological properties. The authors study the effect of introducing another phase boundary at a depth close to 400 km.