Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Inter-correlations between laboratory Inter-correlations between laboratory and field-based tests of muscle contractile power

International Journal of Exercise Science 9(5): 635-645, 2016. Muscle contractile properties have previously been distinguished by fiber typing muscle samples obtained from needle biopsy; however due to conflicting evidence regarding sampling bias and the related need for multiple biopsies, it is not certain if these results are a reliable reflection of whole muscle fiber type expression. Inter-correlations between laboratory and field-based measures of muscle contractile power were used to determine which assessments best discriminate between participants of varying sprint performance, and indirectly reveal potential for power vs. endurance exercise performance. Healthy active male (n=32) and female (n=17) participants were recruited from the Central West region of New South Wales. Isometric rate of force development (RFD) and isokinetic torque were assessed at different velocities. A counter movement jump (CMJ) test was implemented to assess concentric and eccentric RFD. A modified Wingate test was used to assess peak power expressed as Watts using a stationary start to the onset of decreased cadence. A 20m sprint was used as a field-based measurement of exercise performance, recording split times at 2m, 10m and 20m, and interval times from 2-10m, 2-20m, and 10-20m. Over 85% (r2=0.851) of 10-20m sprint running performance variance was significantly accounted for by a multiple regression model consisting of peak Watts per kilogram body mass during the modified Wingate (pkWkg), sex, and peak concentric rate of force development (pkcRFDkg). Results indicate a highly significant and predictive relationship between performance measures assessed by the modified Wingate test and sprint running performance in both males and females. Laboratory power tests alone seem sensitive enough to ascertain suitability for power vs. endurance performance potential.
Future cosmic microwave background delensing with galaxy surveys

The cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization is a promising dataset to test the inflationary paradigm and to probe the physics of the early universe. A component, the so-called B-modes, is indeed a direct signature of a prediction of inflation: the presence of gravitational waves in the early universe. However, reducing the instrumental noise in future experiments will not be enough to detect this signal. Removing the lensing part ("delensing") from the measured CMB B-modes will then be necessary to constrain the amplitude of the primordial gravitational waves. Here we discuss the role of current and future large scale structure (LSS) surveys in a multi-tracers approach to delensing that will improve the reconstruction of the lensing potential that lenses the CMB photons and, as a consequence, the delensing efficiency. We find that, in general, galaxy surveys should be split into tomographic bins as this can improve the correlation with CMB lensing by $30\%$. Among currently available surveys, a DES-like galaxy survey can remove about $17\%$ of the lensing signal. Ongoing or recently completed CMB experiments (CMB-S2) will benefit from LSS tracers that, once properly combined, will have a better performance than a CMB internal reconstruction. With the decrease of instrumental noise, the CMB internal reconstruction will increase its efficiency and the fraction of removed lensing B-modes with CMB alone will rapidly improve from the current level of Planck ($7\%$) and SPTPol ($31\%$) to 3G ($56\%$) and CMB S4 ($81\%$) level. Nevertheless optical galaxy surveys will still play an important role even for CMB S4. In particular, an LSST-like survey can a achieve a delensing performance comparable to a 3G CMB experiment but with completely different systematics. This will be important to prove the robustness against systematics of an eventual detection of primordial B-modes.
Silica Nanoparticle-Infused Omniphobic Polyurethane Foam with Bacterial Anti-Adhesion and Antifouling Properties for Hygiene Purposes

In this study, a method for preventing cross-infection through the surface coating treatment of polyurethane (PU) foam using functionalized silica nanoparticles was developed. Experimental results confirmed that the fabricated PU foam exhibited omniphobic characteristics, demonstrating strong resistance to both polar and nonpolar contaminants. Additionally, quantitative analysis using the pour plate method and direct counting with a scanning electron microscope determined that the treated material exhibited anti-adhesion properties against bacteria. The fabricated PU foam also demonstrated a high level of resistance to the absorption of liquids commonly found in medical facilities, including blood, 0.9% sodium chloride solution, and 50% glycerol. Mechanical durability and stability were verified through repeated compression tests and chemical leaching tests, respectively. The proposed coated PU foam is highly effective at preventing fouling from polar and nonpolar fluids as well as bacteria, making it well-suited for use in a range of fields requiring strict hygiene standards, including the medical, food, and environmental industries.
Bipartite centrality diffusion: Mining higher-order network structures via motif-vertex interactions

Understanding network structures at the level of functional building blocks, also known as network motifs, is of crucial importance for many real-world applications. In this work, we develop a framework to model the interactions between high-order motif instances and graph nodes using a bipartite graph. The roles of motif instances can then be revealed via the latent feature embeddings resultant from the bipartite graph. In contrast to existing methods, our work is among the first attempts to explicitly study the relation between motif instances by bridging them naturally with the original nodes in the graph. Moreover, the proximity on the high-order centrality measure of motif instances and nodes are found to coincide with the high-order clustering organization in the networks. Our approach demonstrates significant performance on a number of real-world network datasets.
Iteratively reweighted algorithm for signals recovery with coherent tight frame

We consider the problem of compressed sensing with a coherent tight frame and design an iteratively reweighted least squares algorithm to solve it. To analyze the problem, we propose a sufficient null space property under a tight frame (sufficient D‐NSP). We show that, if a measurement matrix A satisfies the sufficient D‐NSP of order s, then an s‐sparse signal under the tight frame can be exactly recovered. Furthermore, if A satisfies the restricted isometric property with tight frame D of order 2bs, then it also satisfies the sufficient D‐NSP of order as with a < b and b sufficiently large. We prove the convergence of the algorithm based on the sufficient D‐NSP and give the upper error bounds. In numerical experiments, we use the discrete cosine transform, discrete Fourier transform, and Haar wavelets to verify the effectiveness of this algorithm. With increasing measurement number, the signal‐to‐noise ratio increases monotonically.
Touching a Mechanical Body: The Role of Anthropomorphic Framing in Physiological Arousal When Touching a Robot

The growing prevalence of social robots in various fields necessitates a deeper understanding of touch in Human–Robot Interaction (HRI). This study investigates how human-initiated touch influences physiological responses during interactions with robots, considering factors such as anthropomorphic framing of robot body parts and attributed gender. Two types of anthropomorphic framings are applied: the use of anatomical body part names and assignment of male or female gender to the robot. Higher physiological arousal was observed when touching less accessible body parts than when touching more accessible body parts in both conditions. Results also indicate that using anatomical names intensifies arousal compared to the control condition. Additionally, touching the male robot resulted in higher arousal in all participants, especially when anatomical body part names were used. This study contributes to the understanding of how anthropomorphic framing and gender impact physiological arousal in touch interactions with social robots, offering valuable insights for social robotics development.
ELM elimination with Li powder injection in EAST discharges using the tungsten upper divertor

We report the first successful use of lithium (Li) to eliminate edge-localized modes (ELMs) with tungsten divertor plasma-facing components in the EAST device. Li powder injected into the scrape-off layer of the tungsten upper divertor successfully eliminated ELMs for 3–5 s in EAST. The ELM elimination became progressively more effective in consecutive discharges at constant lithium delivery rates, and the divertor Dα baseline emission was reduced, both signatures of improved wall conditioning. A modest decrease in stored energy and normalized energy confinement was also observed, but the confinement relative to H98 remained well above 1, extending the previous ELM elimination results via Li injection into the lower carbon divertor in EAST (Hu et al 2015 Phys. Rev. Lett. 114 055001). These results can be compared with recent observations with lithium pellets in ASDEX-Upgrade that failed to mitigate ELMs (Lang et al 2017 Nucl. Fusion 57 016030), highlighting one comparative advantage of continuous powder injection for real-time ELM elimination.
Community Paramedicine Intervention Reduces Hospital Readmission and Emergency Department Utilization for Patients with Cardiopulmonary Conditions

Objective Patients discharged from the hospital with diagnoses of myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure or acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have high rates of readmission. We sought to quantify the impact of a community paramedicine (CP) intervention on hospital readmission and emergency department (ED) and clinic utilization for patients discharged with these conditions and to calculate the difference in healthcare costs. Methods This was a prospective, observational cohort study with a matched historical control. The groups were matched for qualifying diagnosis, age, gender, and ZIP code. The intervention group received 1–2 home visits per week by a community paramedic for 30 days. We calculated the number of all-cause hospital readmissions and ED and clinic visits, and used descriptive statistics to compare cohorts. Results Included in the study were 78 intervention patients and 78 controls. Compared to controls, fewer subjects in the CP cohort had experienced a readmission at 120 days (34.6% vs 64.1%, P < 0.001) and 210 days (43.6% vs 75.6%, P < 0.001) after discharge. At 210 days the CP cohort had 40.9% fewer total hospital admissions, saving 218 bed days and $410,428 in healthcare costs. The CP cohort had 40.7% fewer total ED visits. Conclusion Patients who received a post-hospital community paramedic intervention had fewer hospital readmissions and ED visits, which resulted in saving 218 bed days and decreasing healthcare costs by $410,428. Incorporation of a home CP intervention of 30 days in this patient population has the potential to benefit payors, hospitals, and patients.
Accuracy criteria voltage electrocardiography left ventricular hypertrophy to distinguish types of left ventricular hypertrophy geometry

Different types of left ventricular hypertrophy geometry are associated with different risk of cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of various ECG voltages of LVH to distinguish the type of LVH geometry. A cross-sectional study from June to November 2015, 100 patients in Adam Malik Hospital Medan. The result of LVH ECG criteria of Sokolow-Lyon was not met then obtained normal left ventricular geometry with 60% sensitivity, 72.22% specificity, and 71% accuracy. The eccentric type of LVH is obtained when the Cornel Voltage is not met; the sensitivity is 25%, specificity 71.88%, and 55% accuracy. Concentric geometric hypertrophy when the RV6/V5> 1 ratio is satisfied, the sensitivity is 55.56%, specificity 56.36%, and 56% accuracy. The RV6/V5>1 ratio was not met, the concentric geometry type of hypertrophy remodeling was determined with a sensitivity of 55.56%, specificity 49.45%, and 50% accuracy. Conclusions, various LVHECG criteria distinguish the type of LVH geometry. Sokolow-Lyon and Cornel Voltage sensitivity and specificity are better than the RV6/V5 ratio.
Pannexin1 channels in the liver: an open enemy

Pannexin1 proteins form communication channels at the cell plasma membrane surface, which allow the transfer of small molecules and ions between the intracellular compartment and extracellular environment. In this way, pannexin1 channels play an important role in various cellular processes and diseases. Indeed, a plethora of human pathologies is associated with the activation of pannexin1 channels. The present paper reviews and summarizes the structure, life cycle, regulation and (patho)physiological roles of pannexin1 channels, with a particular focus on the relevance of pannexin1 channels in liver diseases.
Společenstvo juvenilních ryb – vhodný nástroj pro sledování ekologického stavu

Vodní organismy mají velmi dobrou schopnost reflektovat podmínky prostředí, ve kterém žijí, proto jsou často využívány k posouzení ekologického stavu. Společenstvo juvenilních ryb (0+) představuje vhodný nástroj pro monito­ ring ekologického stavu vodních toků, protože vykazuje velmi rychlou reakci na měnící se podmínky. Cílem studie bylo posouzení stavu společenstva juve­ nilních ryb (0+) na 22 sledovaných lokalitách napříč Českou republikou (ČR) v letech 2019–2021. Odlov ryb byl prováděn elektrolovem (bateriovým agregá­ tem) v mělkých úsecích podél břehové linie. Společenstvo juvenilních ryb (0+) bylo relativně bohaté, celkem bylo zaznamenáno 36 druhů, minimálně byly zachyceny čtyři a maximálně 15 druhů na lokalitu (průměrně se vyskytovalo devět druhů na lokalitu). Ve sledovaném období byly zjištěny významné roz­ díly ve společenstvu juvenilních ryb (0+) napříč lokalitami i mezi jednotlivými lety. Zhodnocení ekologického stavu bylo realizováno pomocí českého multi­ metrického indexu (CZI). Byly zaznamenány zásadní změny ekologického stavu: čtyři lokality vykazovaly výrazné zhoršení a čtyři naopak odrážely výrazné zlep­ šení stavu. Na zbylých lokalitách byl stav spíše setrvalý (nedocházelo k výraz­ nému zlepšení ani zhoršení). Nejlepší ekologický stav, kde společenstvo juvenil­ ních ryb odpovídá přirozenému vodnímu toku, byl zjištěn na lokalitách Orlice v Nepasicích (Královéhradecký kraj) a Olše ve Věřňovicích (Moravskoslezský kraj). Naopak nejnižší hodnoty CZI vykazovaly lokality Ohře – Želina (Ústecký kraj), Dyje – Podhradí nad Dyjí, Dyje – Jevišovka (Jihomoravský kraj) a Cidlina – Sány (Středočeský kraj), které reflektovaly poškozený stav. Zhoršení ekologic­ kého stavu nebylo zapříčiněno změnou vhodných habitatů nebo jejich úbyt­ kem, ale především přítomností nepůvodních druhů, jež hodnotu indexu CZI výrazně snižují. Závěry našeho průzkumu poukazují na skutečnost, že k význam­ ným změnám ve společenstvu juvenilních ryb může docházet na téže lokalitě i ve velmi krátkém časovém úseku (jednoho roku). Meziroční změny mohou být proto značné, a z toho důvodu je důležité monitoring provádět každoročně.
State Compression of Markov Processes via Empirical Low-Rank Estimation

Model reduction is a central problem in analyzing complex systems and high-dimensional data. We study the state compression of finite-state Markov process from its empirical trajectories. We adopt a low-rank model which is motivated by the state aggregation of controlled systems. A spectral method is proposed for estimating the frequency and transition matrices, estimating the compressed state spaces, and recovering the state aggregation structure if there is any. We provide upper bounds for the estimation and recovery errors and matching minimax lower bounds.
Comparison of the Components of Brainstem Auditory Responses Using Click and Chirp Stimuli in Premature Infants

Background and Objectives: Prematurity means that the baby is born before 37 months of age, which leads to various problems, including hearing defects. Timely detection of hearing loss with the help of tools that facilitate this identification, can have a significant impact on the child’s personal, social, and educational development. The aim of the present study was to achieve better responses using the chirp stimulus along with the click. The chirp stimulus can compensate for the time delay caused by low-frequency stimuli and increases the simultaneous presentation of high and low frequencies in the cochlea. Therefore, the morphology of the waves is improved, and the amplitude of responses increases; thus, the waves can be better identified despite the prematurity of the infants. Methods: Eighy newborns were examined in four groups, which were divided into term and preterm groups based on gestational age (including late preterm, moderate, and very preterm). The intensity of the click and chirp stimuli was fixed at 40 and 80 dB. The amplitude and latency of waves I, III, and V, the inter-peak latencies of I-III, III-V, and I-V, as well as the ratio of the amplitude of wave V/I were among the compared parameters. It should be mentioned in tables paired t-test was used in cases marked with *. Wilcoxon test was used in other cases. Results: The chirp stimulus mainly had less latency than the click stimulus and created a larger amplitude at a high intensity (80 dB). In the intensity close to the threshold, i.e. 40 dB, these findings were slightly different. The more developed the infants, the stronger the responses and the more effective the chirp stimulus in eliciting responses. Conclusion: The chirp stimulus was more effective in obtaining multiple components of brainstem-evoked responses in infants, especially preterm infants, and investigating the status of their auditory system. The use of a higher sample size could lead to an increase in the growth of clinical use and better efficiency of diagnostic protocols and responses.
Mangiferin for the Management of Liver Diseases: A Review

The liver is a digestive and metabolic organ, and several factors can induce liver damage, which is a severe threat to human health. As a natural polyphenolic compound, mangiferin belongs to xanthone glucoside and mainly exists in many plants, such as mango. It is notorious that mangiferin has remarkable pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, antioxidative stress, antiviral and so on. Emerging evidence indicates the therapeutic benefits of mangiferin against liver disease, including liver injury, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, alcoholic liver disease, liver fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. This review aims to summarize the possible underlying signaling mediated by mangiferin in liver disease treatment and the available findings of mangiferin, which can be used to treat different liver diseases and may contribute to mangiferin as a therapeutic agent for liver disease in humans.
What lies in between: Levallois, discoid and intermediate methods

Lithic artefacts are usually associated with the different knapping methods used in their production. Flakes exhibit metric and technological features representative of the flaking method used to detach them. However, lithic production is a dynamic process in which discrete methods can be blurred, and in which features can vary throughout the process. An intermediate knapping method between the discoid and Levallois is commonly referred to under an umbrella of terms (the present research uses the term hierarchical discoid), and is associated with a broad geographical and chronological distribution throughout the Early and Middle Palaeolithic. This intermediate knapping strategy exhibits features of both the discoid and Levallois knapping methods, raising the question of the extent to which flakes from the three knapping methods can be differentiated and, when one is mistaken for another, the direction of confusion. An experimental assemblage of flakes detached by means of the three methods was used along with an attribute analysis and machine learning models in an effort to identify the knapping methods employed. In general, our results were able to very effectively differentiate between the three knapping methods when a support vector machine with polynomial kernel was used. Our results also underscored the singularity of flakes detached by means of Levallois reduction sequences, which yielded outstanding identification values, and were rarely erroneously attributed to either of the other two knapping methods studied. Mistaking the products of the discoid and hierarchical discoid methods was the most common direction of confusion, although a good identification value was achieved for discoid flakes and an acceptable value for hierarchical discoid flakes. This shows the potential applicability of machine learning models in combination with attribute analysis for the identification of these knapping methods among flakes.
Multimodal Sensing Transparent Droplet Probe for Characterization of Superhydrophobic Surfaces

Natural and artificial superhydrophobic surfaces are a rapidly growing topic in both academia and industry due to their unique properties and applications. Numerous techniques have been developed to characterize the wetting properties of such surfaces, such as the optical contact angle goniometer, force-based methods, and microscopic techniques for visualizing the wetting interface. However, a method that combines nN resolution force measurement with direct observation of the wetting interface on opaque superhydrophobic surfaces is missing. Here, we report a high-sensitivity multimodal force-sensing transparent droplet probe for the characterization of superhydrophobic surfaces that allows simultaneous visualization of the wetting interface and measurement of interaction forces. The probe is composed of a transparent glass cantilever with a droplet probe attached to its end. During the interaction with the sample, the wetting interface is directly imaged through the probe, illuminated with coaxial lighting. The interaction force is simultaneously measured as the deflection of the cantilever-shaped probe. By combining top view, side view, and high-resolution force sensing, the probe can reveal force contributions from both surface tension and Laplace pressure and measure super-repellent surfaces with contact angles near 180° with a low experimental uncertainty of 0.5°.
Optimal Hybrid Full-Duplex/Half-Duplex Scheme of the Buffer Aided Relay System

Full-duplex (FD) communication has received great interests recently due to the potentials of doubling the spectral efficiency. However, how to alleviate the detrimental effects of the residual self-interference (RSI) incurred by the FD mode is a challenging problem. In this paper, focusing on the statistical throughput maximization, we propose an optimal hybrid FD/half-duplex (HD) scheme for the one-way FD buffer aided relay system. To solve this problem, we divide the system into four different transmission modes and formulate the problem as a binary integer programming problem. By relaxing the binary variables to be continuous ones, we solve the problem using the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) optimal conditions. We obtain the selection probability of each mode based on the instantaneous channel outage states. The proposed scheme not only achieves the optimal FD or HD mode selection, but also realizes adaptive source-to-relay or relay-to-destination link selection. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme offers 95\ maximum gain over the HD counterparts.