Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A View Invariant Human Action Recognition System for Noisy Inputs

We propose a skeleton-based Human Action Recognition (HAR) system, robust to both noisy inputs and perspective variation. This system receives RGB videos as input and consists of three modules: (M1) 2D Key-Points Estimation module, (M2) Robustness module, and (M3) Action Classification module; of which M2 is our main contribution. This module uses pre-trained 3D pose estimator and pose refinement networks to handle noisy information including missing points, and uses rotations of the 3D poses to add robustness to camera view-point variation. To evaluate our approach, we carried out comparison experiments between models trained with M2 and without it. These experiments were conducted on the UESTC view-varying dataset, on the i3DPost multi-view human action dataset and on a Boxing Actions dataset, created by us. Our system achieved positive results, improving the accuracy by 24%, 3% and 11% on each dataset, respectively. On the UESTC dataset, our method achieves the new state of the art for the cross-view evaluation protocols.
FGF23 and Klotho Levels are Independently Associated with Diabetic Foot Syndrome in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Background: Diabetic foot syndrome (DFS) is a prevalent complication in the diabetic population and a major cause of hospitalizations. Diverse clinical studies have related alterations in the system formed by fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-23 and Klotho (KL) with vascular damage. In this proof-of-concept study, we hypothesize that the levels of FGF23 and Klotho are altered in DFS patients. Methods: Twenty patients with limb amputation due to DFS, 37 diabetic patients without DFS, and 12 non-diabetic cadaveric organ donors were included in the study. Serum FGF23/Klotho and inflammatory markers were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Protein and gene expression levels in the vascular samples were determined by immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time PCR, respectively. Results: Serum Klotho is significantly reduced and FGF23 is significantly increased in patients with DFS (p < 0.01). Vascular immunoreactivity and gene expression levels for Klotho were decreased in patients with DFS (p < 0.01). Soluble Klotho was inversely related to serum C-reactive protein (r = −0.30, p < 0.05). Vascular immunoreactivities for Klotho and IL6 showed an inverse association (r = −0.29, p < 0.04). Similarly, vascular gene expression of KL and IL6 were inversely associated (r = −0.31, p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that higher Klotho serum concentrations and vascular gene expression levels were related to a lower risk of DFS, while higher serum FGF23 was associated with a higher risk for this complication. Conclusion: FGF23/Klotho system is associated with DFS, pointing to a new pathophysiological pathway involved in the development and progression of this complication.
Thermodynamic properties of Ba1−xKxFe2As2 and Ca1−xNaxFe2As2

The specific heat C(T) of a BaFe2As2 single crystal and hole-doped superconducting Ba0.5K0. 5Fe2As2 and Ca0.5Na0. 5Fe2As2 polycrystals were measured. For the undoped BaFe2As2 single crystal, a very sharp specific heat peak was observed at 136 K. This is attributed to the structural and antiferromagnetic transitions occurring at the same temperature. For the superconducting Ba0.5K0. 5Fe2As2 polycrystal, a clear peak of C/T was observed at Tc=36 K, which is the highest peak seen at a superconducting transition for iron-based high-Tc superconductors so far. For the superconducting Ca0.5Na0. 5Fe2As2 sample with lower Tc=18 K, there is no obvious anomaly in C/T below Tc, which may be due to its low superfluid density. The electronic specific heat coefficients γ and Debye temperatures ΘD of these compounds were obtained from the low-temperature data.
Multiscale Ship Detection Method in SAR Images Based on Information Compensation and Feature Enhancement

With the development of synthetic aperture radar (SAR)-based imaging technology, SAR ship detection has achieved notable breakthroughs. Due to the scale diversity and class imbalance of ships, ship detection in SAR images is still a substantial challenge. To solve these problems, this article proposes a multiscale ship detection method for SAR images based on information compensation and feature enhancement. To improve the feature representations of multiscale ships, an information compensation module (ICM) and a feature enhancement module (FEM) are embedded into a feature pyramid network (FPN). Specifically, the ICM is constructed to extract and aggregate diverse spatial contextual information. At the same time, the FEM is introduced to solve the feature-level imbalance of the FPN by integrating multilevel ship features. In addition, a gradient density parameter is introduced to solve class imbalance problems. Experiments on a high-resolution SAR image dataset (HRSID) show that the proposed method achieves a comprehensive detection performance, i.e., 60.6% average precision (AP) and 67.1 frames/s (FPS), and outperforms other state-of-the-art methods.
Method of Electroencephalography Electrode Selection for Motor Imagery Application

Brain-computer interface (BCI) technology is commonly used to describe the brain signal activity non-invasively. The development of EEG devices which is used to record brain activity continues to be carried out, both in terms of accuracy, suitability, computation, and cost. However, the complexity arises with increased electrode numbers. In some studies, minimizing the number of electrodes can be a solution to reduce computational time, cost, and the shape of the EEG device, without compromising the level of accuracy. By choosing particular electrodes which are highly related to the activity, the electrode usage can be reduced. This study used correlation coefficient method which is proposed to determine the best electrode pairs. Moreover, the electrodes which have similar features is eliminated. Based on the experimental and test results, it showed that the results were very good, where the average accuracy and F1 Score was increasing by 2% and 4% compared to the use of all electrodes, this increasing was followed by a decreasing in computation time with an average decreasing in debugging time by 35%.
SHMT2 Induces Stemness and Progression of Head and Neck Cancer

Various enzymes in the one-carbon metabolic pathway are closely related to the development of tumors, and they can all be potential targets for cancer therapy. Serine hydroxymethyltransferase2 (SHMT2), a key metabolic enzyme, is very important for the proliferation and growth of cancer cells. However, the function and mechanism of SHMT2 in head and neck cancer (HNC) are not clear. An analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data showed that the expression of SHMT2 was higher in tumor tissue than in normal tissue, and its expression was significantly associated with male sex, aggressive histological grade, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, advanced TNM stage, and lymphovascular invasion in HNC. SHMT2 knockdown in FADU and SNU1041 cell lines significantly inhibited cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion. Additionally, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses using TCGA data revealed that SHMT2 was closely related to cancer stem cell regulation and maintenance. Furthermore, we found that silencing SHMT2 inhibited the expression of stemness markers and tumor spheroid formation compared with a control group. On the contrary, stemness markers were significantly increased after SHMT2 overexpression in HEP-2 cells. Interestingly, we found that knocking down SHMT2 reduced the expression of genes related to the Notch and Wnt pathways. Finally, silencing SHMT2 significantly reduced tumor growth and decreased stemness markers in a xenograft model. Taken together, our study suggests that targeting SHMT2 may play an important role in inhibiting HNC progression.
Influence by zirconium plastic deformation at temperature of 4.2 K on zirconium crystal lattice structure and magnitude of superconducting transition temperature Tc

We have researched the effect of the zirconium deformation by the extension at the temperature of 4.2 K, with the subsequent heating up to the room temperature of 300 K, on both the zirconium crystal grating structure and the magnitude of superconducting transition temperature Tc, using the zirconium samples, synthesized by the method of the electron beam melting. In our opinion, a registered substantial increase of the critical temperature Tc (by 20%) is a result of both the superconductivity enhancement in the plastic deformation regions at the twin boundaries of the zirconium crystal grating and the effective change of the inter-electron attraction constant magnitude.
Apoptosis Detection in Retinal Ganglion Cells Using Quantitative Changes in Multichannel Fluorescence Colocalization

KcapTR488 is a dual-fluorophore peptide sensor for the real-time reporting of programmed cell death by fluorescence imaging. KcapTR488 contains a nuclear localization sequence (NLS) conjugated with Texas Red, a caspase-cleavable sequence (DEVD), and a C-terminus conjugated to Alexa Fluor 488 (AF488). The synthesis and preliminary evaluation in cellulo of KcapTR488 for monitoring cell death by fluorescence imaging has been previously reported, but its utility in vivo has yet to be tested or validated. Herein, in vitro solution experiments verified the intramolecular fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between the two fluorophores and enabled a quantitative analysis of enzyme rates and selectivity. The sensor delivery kinetics in live rat models were quantified by ex vivo fluorescence microscopy. Studies in healthy control retinas demonstrated that KcapTR488 concentrated in the nucleus of retinal ganglion cells (RGC), with a strong colocalization of red and green fluorescence signals producing robust FRET signals, indicating an intact reporter. By contrast, using an acute but mild NMDA-induced retinal injury model, dual-color confocal ex vivo microscopy of cleaved KcapTR488 identified sensor activation as early as 2 h after injection. Quantitative changes in fluorescence colocalization were superior to changes in FRET for monitoring injury progression. Longitudinal monitoring revealed that the NLS-Texas Red fragment of the cleaved sensor moved out of the cell body, down the axon, and exited the retina, consistent with anterograde axonal transport. Thus, KcapTR488 may be a powerful tool to study RGC death pathways in live preclinical models of glaucoma.
Modeling and Testing of the Sandwich Composite Manhole Cover Designed for Pedestrian Networks

This research concerning the topic, pursues the design, manufacturing, analysis and testing of the manhole cover that may be used in pedestrian networks. Although there are certain commercially available manhole covers made of glass-reinforced composites, there are a few papers published related to the modelling, simulation and mechanical testing of such parts. Herein, the manhole cover is made of the sandwich composite. The novelty of this kind of cover is to use an oriented strand board (OSB) as the core between two sides containing layers, which are reinforced with glass fibers. The OSB core leads to the increase of the stiffness-weight ratio. The paper describes the materials corresponding to the layers of the composite cover, geometry of the cover, technology used to manufacture the bending specimens and cover tested. Specimens made of materials that correspond to each layer of the cover, are tested in bending in order to determine their mechanical properties (flexural strength and flexural modulus). Bending tests and testing of the cover are also described. The composite manhole cover is also analysed by the finite element method to obtain the state of stresses and strains. The strains of the manhole cover are experimentally measured by using the tensometric method. Finally, comparing the strains with the strains experimentally measured validates the numerical simulation model.
Microcavity platform for widely-tunable optical doubleresonance

Raman lasers based on bulk diamond are a valuable resource for generating coherent light in wavelength regimes where no common laser diodes are available. Nevertheless, the widespread use of such lasers is limited by their high threshold power requirements on the order of several Watts. Using on-chip microresonators, a significant reduction of the lasing threshold by more than two orders of magnitude has been shown. However, these resonators lack a continuous tuning mechanism and, mainly due to fabrication limitations, their implementation in the visible remains elusive. Here, we propose a platform for a diamond Raman laser in the visible. The device is based on a miniaturized, open-access Fabry-Perot cavity. Our microcavity provides widely-tunable doubly-resonant enhancement of Raman scattering from high quality single-crystalline diamond. We demonstrate a $>$THz continuous tuning range of doubly-resonant Raman scattering, a range limited only by the reflective stopband of the mirrors. Based on the experimentally determined quality factors exceeding $300\,000$, our theoretical analysis suggests that, with realistic improvements, a sub-mW threshold is readily within reach. Our findings pave the way to the creation of a universal low-power frequency shifter, a potentially valuable addition to the nonlinear optics toolbox.
Structure evolution of Pd-Ta-H alloy In Edwards' thermodynamics representation

X-rays diffraction pictures time dependence of deformed alloy Pd-Ta being charged with hydrogen has been shown to be possibly caused by multi-pits character of energetic relief in the states space. Phenomenological model representing alloy structural evolution as a occasional roaming on minima of internal energy of non-ergodic system, has been offered in Lorenz synergetic scheme frames. Here, order parameters are the part of minima occupied by the system, conjugated field is considered to be Edwards entropy and control parameter is taken to be internal energy. Thermodynamics interpretation of Pd-Ta-H alloy evolution structure as a complex non-ergodic system is offered
Laboratory investigation of flow and turbulent characteristics around permeable and impermeable groynes in a strongly curved meandering channel

ABSTRACT The study investigates the role of cocolog, an eco-friendly material, as groyne, in protecting the river banks in meandering channels. Laboratory experiments were conducted to compare the flow pattern and sediment dynamics in a mobile-bed meandering channel for cocolog (permeable) and impermeable groynes. It is observed that as the permeability increases, the vertical and transverse velocities are seen to be reduced in the groyne fields. The results also indicate that places of maximum scour depth display amplified velocity, turbulent intensity and turbulent kinetic energy. However, considerable reduction in these characteristics is being observed in the case of permeable groynes that have densities varying between 140 and 160 kg/m3. The eroded volume is seen to be reduced by 60% for permeable groynes of medium density compared to the tests done without groynes. Also impermeable groynes exhibit a wider distribution of the maximum values for scour depth, turbulence intensity and turbulent kinetic energy than that of permeable groynes. It is found that the cocolog groynes with suitable density (or permeability) can perform best in meandering channels by dampening the velocity and turbulence of the groyne fields.
Structural Entities Associated with Different Lipid Phases of Plant Thylakoid Membranes—Selective Susceptibilities to Different Lipases and Proteases

It is well established that plant thylakoid membranes (TMs), in addition to a bilayer, contain two isotropic lipid phases and an inverted hexagonal (HII) phase. To elucidate the origin of non-bilayer lipid phases, we recorded the 31P-NMR spectra of isolated spinach plastoglobuli and TMs and tested their susceptibilities to lipases and proteases; the structural and functional characteristics of TMs were monitored using biophysical techniques and CN-PAGE. Phospholipase-A1 gradually destroyed all 31P-NMR-detectable lipid phases of isolated TMs, but the weak signal of isolated plastoglobuli was not affected. Parallel with the destabilization of their lamellar phase, TMs lost their impermeability; other effects, mainly on Photosystem-II, lagged behind the destruction of the original phases. Wheat-germ lipase selectively eliminated the isotropic phases but exerted little or no effect on the structural and functional parameters of TMs—indicating that the isotropic phases are located outside the protein-rich regions and might be involved in membrane fusion. Trypsin and Proteinase K selectively suppressed the HII phase—suggesting that a large fraction of TM lipids encapsulate stroma-side proteins or polypeptides. We conclude that—in line with the Dynamic Exchange Model—the non-bilayer lipid phases of TMs are found in subdomains separated from but interconnected with the bilayer accommodating the main components of the photosynthetic machinery.
Collagen biostimulation in skin aesthetics with micro-focused ultrasound in the presence or absence of calcium hydroxyapatite and poly-L-latic acid: a concise systematic review

Introduction: In the context of skin aesthetics, the spotlight is focused on non-invasive cosmetic procedures. Studies have shown that micro-focused transcutaneous ultrasound (MFU). A commercially available device combines MFU with high-resolution ultrasound imaging. Some clinical studies have shown clinical synergy of MFU-high resolution with poly-L-lactic acid and a fractional or diluted CO2 laser with calcium hydroxyapatite. Objective: A systematic review was carried out on the main clinical findings of the use of micro-focused ultrasound and collagen biostimulation, with or without combination with calcium hydroxyapatite and poly-L-lactic acid, in the aesthetics of human skin, to highlight the safety, efficacy, and risk of bias. Methods: The systematic review rules of the PRISMA Platform were followed. The research was carried out from May to June 2022 in Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Scielo, and Google Scholar databases. Scientific articles from the last 20 years were selected. The quality of the studies was based on the GRADE instrument. The risk of bias was analyzed according to the Cochrane instrument. Results: A total of 112 articles were found, and 12 articles were included in the systematic review. It has been shown that MFU-high resolution enables non-invasive tightening and lifting of sagging skin, and when combined dilute calcium hydroxyapatite, polycaprolactone, and/or poly-L-lactic acid is effective in improving sagging skin. Conclusion: It was concluded that MFU-high resolution targets the facial superficial musculoaponeurotic system, achieving non-invasive tightening and lifting of sagging skin, and when combined with dilute calcium hydroxyapatite, polycaprolactone, and/or poly-acid L-lactic is effective in improving sagging skin and cellulite.
Ballistic stellar jets from sources with a time-dependent ejection direction

We present models of astrophysical jets ejected from sources with a time-dependent ejection direction. The perturbations in the ejection direction are amplified as a result of a garden-hoseeffect, resulting in a twisted filament morphology for the jet. Because of this, at large distances from the source the motion of the material is mostly perpendicular to the direction of the jet filament, leading to a sideways interaction between the jet and the surrounding environment. We derive simple models for the kinematics of the jet and for the jet-environment interaction. From these models, we compute emission-line intensity maps that can be directly compared with observations of stellar jets
Ethnomedicinal, Phytochemistry and Antiviral Potential of Turmeric (Curcuma longa)

Turmeric (Curcuma longa) has been a famous root crop for its medicinal properties since pre-historical times. Lack of effective therapeutics for most viral diseases, higher cost of some antiviral therapies, and the emergence of antiviral drug resistance are increasingly reported. Drug resistance is predicted to be a leading cause of mortality globally by 2050, thus requiring intervention. The need for effective natural antiviral compounds to mitigate viral diseases, such as curcumin, calls for further studies. Curcumin, a primary curcuminoid compound, has demonstrated a broad activity as an antiviral agent. Due to the need to overcome drug resistance to chemically synthesised drugs, the best option is to improve and adapt the use of natural antiviral agents. The antiviral potential of curcumin is hindered by its solubility and bioavailability. Recently, different techniques, such as the preparation of curcumin carbon quantum dots, have been used to improve curcumin antiviral activity. Therefore, the current review aims to assess curcumin’s benefits as a natural antiviral agent and techniques to improve its medicinal activity. Future use of curcumin will aid in mitigating viral diseases, including resistant strain, hence sustainability of the entire community. In this case, research and innovation are required to improve the solubility and bioavailability of curcumin for medical uses.
Modified CNN to Maximize Energy Efficiency in D2D Underlying with Multi-Cell Cellular Network

The usage of Device-to-Device (D2D) underlaying to reuse spectrum has a substantial influence on spectrum efficiency. On the other side, interference issues arise as a result of frequency reused by D2D users. Furthermore, wearable devices or communication devices have limited power sources, such as batteries. As a result, the fundamental problem formulation that must be solved is power allocation, with the goal function being to maximize the energy efficiency of the system. In order to provide optimum power allocation, conventional methods such as Convex Approximation (CA)-based algorithm need to run multiple iterations to solve the non-convex problem formulation. Therefore, Convolution Neural Network (CNN) as part of Deep Learning (DL) is utilized to approach (CA)-based algorithm for generating power allocation policies to maximize the systems energy efficiency. However, the conventional method of CNN has limitations in accepting arbitrary input size. Accordingly, to the limitation of CNN, this research proposed the combination of CNN with Spatial Pyramid Pooling (SPP) to overcome the limitation on the input size of conventional CNN. Specifically, the inputs of the model are the user's channel state information, and its outputs are power control policies. The simulation results show that both CNN-SPP and CNN can achieve similar performance to the traditional method up to 95 % accuracy. Furthermore, the combination of CNN and SPP can overcome the limitation on the input size of the conventional CNN method, reducing the number of models that must be trained to just one and applying it to all scenarios regardless of the number of CUEs D2D pairs.