Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A High Power Pneumatic Micropump Using Micro Sheet Valves

For pneumatic microsystems, a high power pneumatic micropump using micro sheet valves (MSVs) was proposed and developed. MSV is a check valve using a floating circular sheet valve body; it has low leakage in the closed state and a low pressure drop in the opened state. In the pneumatic micropump, inlet and outlet MSVs rectify an alternating flow generated by a reciprocating PZT (lead (Pb) zirconate titanate) bimorph disk. For a pneumatic micropump having circular sheet valve bodies with 3.6 mm in diameter and a PZT bimorph disc with 12.7 mm in diameter, simulations were conducted. The estimated maximum pressure and flow rate were 60 kPa and 2.1 cm3/s, respectively. Then, MSVs were fabricated using MEMS technologies and characterized through experiments. The pneumatic micropump was constructed using the fabricated MSVs and a PZT bimorph disk, and its pumping characteristics were clarified experimentally. Finally, a membrane actuator with 10 mm in diameter was driven by the pneumatic micropump.
An analysis of IoT technology education based on UIFLOW

The importance of education in new technologies today drives us to continue exploring available options to introduce students to STEAM competencies. This article presents an analysis of satisfaction in the practical education of IoT technology using a block-based programming language. In this case, the UIFlow development environment, compatible with M5Stack kits, is utilized. A graphical interface for the M5Stack Core2 AWS module’s screen is designed to enable data transmission to the Thingspeak platform via the MQTT protocol with a 1-second delay. This analysis was conducted during a practical session with a group of 11 industrial engineering students. The collected data includes session runtimes and a satisfaction assessment using the Post-Study System Usability Questionnaire, specifically adapted for this case. The results indicate an overall satisfaction level of 84.7% within the group. The lowest-scoring aspect pertains to the information provided by UIFlow for problem-solving.
Power Coordinated Control of PMSG-WTG Based on Power Flow Calculation in Distribution Network

Considering the uncertainty about the power flow in the distribution network, a power coordinated control strategy for permanent magnet synchronous generator-wind turbine generation (PMSG-WTG) is proposed. The strategy is based on the real-time power flow analysis of the distribution network to coordinately control the output of PMSG-WTG, and then achieve to optimize the power flow in the distribution. First, the real-time power flow calculation is carried out to obtain the distribution of power flow in the distribution network. According to the current power flow state, the system will reasonably dispatch PMSG-WTG to accomplish the power coordinated response. Secondly, the optimal power flow (OPF) calculation is carried out to obtain the optimal power allocation for the PMSG-WTG, and the optimal power flow of the distribution network is efficiently solved based on Dung Beetle Optimization (DBO) algorithm. Then PMSG-WTG will accurately track the optimal allocated power by using repetitive control, and the optimal power output of the system is achieved. The experiment results show that the dynamic power coordination between PMSG-WTG and the distribution network is realized through the strategy. The power losses of the distribution network are effectively reduced, and the bus voltages are stabilized.
Variable Turns-Ratio Matrix Transformer based LLC Converter for Two-Stage Electric Vehicle Auxiliary Power Module Applications

An auxiliary power module (APM) is needed in electric vehicles, which converts traction battery voltage (270430V) to the low voltage auxiliary system (12.5∼15.5V). The single-stage design may achieve high power density but will suffer from poor efficiency and wide input voltage regulation capability. The design with two-stage can achieve wide-range regulation and good efficiency but will suffer from low power density. In order to achieve high efficiency while maintaining a good power density, a variable ratio matrix transformer based LLC is proposed to replace the fixed ratio transformer based LLC-DCX stage in two-stage AMP. The variable turns ratio matrix transformer reduces the low-side copper losses via the adaptive number of element transformers. Additionally, the buck stage achieves better efficiency with the variable intermediate bus voltage. As a result, it is potential for the system to reduce the cooling requirements with high-efficiency power conversion. A 1.6 kW prototype achieves 97.21% peak efficiency with 1.8 kW/L power density.
A Low Spur Injection Locking Oscillator with Secondary Injection Circuit

Pulse injection locking technique can effectively extends the phase-locked loop bandwidth to suppress phase noise of ring oscillators. However, due to its instantaneous phase correction, the spur performance of injection locking oscillators (ILOs) are sensitive to the frequency deviation between free-running oscillating frequency and injection frequency. The spurs performance if ILOs are far inferior to conventional Type-II phase-locked loops (PLLs), which limit their application which limits their application in the field of communication. In this paper a secondary injection technology is proposed to improve the spur performance by smoothing the phase correction amplitude. In the proposed secondary injection oscillator, two ring oscillators with the same self-resonant frequency connected with a small size inverter. The reference pulse only inject to the first oscillator, and the phase noise of second oscillator can also be suppressed by optimized circuit design. Meanwhile, the phase correction can occurs at every period rather than instantaneously in the second oscillator. A quadrature ILO with 2.3 GHz ~ 2.6 GHz frequency tuning range is designed on 40nm CMOS process to verified the proposed technology. Simulation results shows that the phase correction amplitude can be significantly reduced. The reference spur performance improve from -59dBc to -69dBc with 100MHz input, 2.5GHz output and 150KHz frequency deviation. The proposed secondary injection oscillator achieves - 127.8 dBc/Hz @ 10MHz phase noise with a 1.1V supply consuming 12.14mW.
Pareto Optimised High-Frequency Planar Transformers for Electric Vehicle Chargers

The design of high-frequency transformers plays a pivotal role in electric vehicle charging systems, acting as the core component in isolated DC-DC converters. Achieving a transformer that not only operates well within the converter but also achieves high efficiency and compact size involves the balancing of numerous trade-offs. Managing the magnetic losses is essential as they dictate the efficiency but also govern the required transformer size for effective heat dissipation. This paper presents a novel transformer design method based on an exhaustive search algorithm that identifies the Pareto optimal transformers with minimised loss and weight. By introducing a Steinmetz equation filter, rapid computational speed and accuracy are combined. Loss estimations are based on experimentally validated analytical models, and the proposed methodology is experimentally validated by multiple transformer prototypes. Their operation in a dual active bridge is demonstrated by experimental measurements and circuit simulation. The results prove the effectiveness of the proposed design approach in achieving efficient and compact transformers.
A Five-level Hybrid Modular Multilevel Converter with High Efficiency and Power Density

This paper presents a novel five-level hybrid modular multilevel converter (5-L HMMC) for the medium voltage (MV) applications as a member of HMMC family. Compared with the traditional modular multilevel converter (MMC), 5-L HMMC can reduce the number of MMC SMs by fourfold while retaining the excellent output power quality. And it also avoids the limitation of power loop inductance in the traditional 5-L converter due to the line-frequency operation of 5-L stack. Therefore, 5-L HMMC can keep the key benefits of modularity, reliability, and excellent harmonic performance from chain-link, while significantly reducing the power losses, costs, and volume. The feasibility of proposed converter is also verified by the simulation and experimental results.
Distributed Online Bandit Optimization with Communication Compression

This paper is concerned with a distributed online optimization issue in a network consisting of multiple interacting nodes. In order to alleviate the communication burden, we propose a communication-efficient distributed online optimization algorithm that utilizes bandit feedback and communication compression over an undirected graph. The convergence of the algorithm is analyzed theoretically, from which we give the regret bound, and some numerical results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the algorithm.
Radial Force Control in Switched Reluctance Motors Using Strain Gauges

Switched reluctance motors offer various advantages such as having simple and robust structures, low manufacturing costs, high efficiency, and high torque density. However, the significant acoustic noise and vibration limit their application, such as in the traction motors of electric vehicles. The electromagnetic radial force acting on the stator is the main source of motor vibration. Shaping the radial force and reducing specific harmonic components is effective in reducing acoustic noise and vibration. Most force-shaping methods are based on finite element analysis, hence the differences between real machines and analysis models can reduce the effectiveness of these methods. In this paper, a novel approach for controlling the radial force online is proposed. In the proposed method, the radial forces are estimated by strain gauges. Simulation results showed that the estimated radial force waveform converged to the reference waveform in a switched reluctance motor. The proposed method was also validated in experiment where the reduction of vibration was confirmed.
A 6-9.3GHz Low Phase Noise Quad-Core LC VCO in 65nm CMOS

In this paper, a quad-core LC VCO design is implemented in 65nm CMOS process, with the tuning range from 6 to 9.3 GHz (45%). In this design, four identical VCO cores are coupled synchronously, which breaks through the minimum phase noise limit of a single VCO. Source inductance filtering technology is used in each VCO core to suppress the second harmonic of current source transistor injection tank. The phase noise performance of -137.7MHz is realized under the frequency offset of 1MHz at 7GHz. The VCO consumes 200mW power with the figure-of-merit(FOM) of 192.8 dBc/Hz at 1-MHz offset.
A time-frequency analysis method with joint speed estimation and translation compensation based on Near-Field MIMO Array

Micro Doppler analysis of human kinematics is widely used in the detection and recognition of human contraband. However, during the observation time (CPI), the translational motion of the human body introduces errors in the Doppler curve of the micro moving parts of body, thereby altering the Doppler dynamic range and causing folding and deviation of the micro Doppler curve. At this point, conducting time-frequency analysis directly on the echo data will result in significant errors. This paper proposes a joint algorithm of translational speed estimation and time-frequency analysis based on the MIMO near-field model. This algorithm not only achieves the estimation of translational speed, but also compensates for the phase error in the micro motion part of body, thereby improving the recognition performance of time-frequency maps. The effectiveness and superiority of this algorithm have been verified through simulation.
Trajectory Tracking of Lower Limb Exoskeletons using Fractional Order Sliding Mode Control

This paper introduces Fractional Order Sliding Mode Control (FOSMC) as a novel approach for controlling lower limb exoskeletons in gait rehabilitation. The proposed FOSMC algorithm leverages the fractional calculus concept to achieve precise control over the exoskeleton’s joint movements. By incorporating fractional order dynamics, the controller can better capture the non-linearities and uncertainties inherent in the human gait cycle. This results in improved tracking accuracy, reduced energy consumption, and enhanced patient comfort during rehabilitation exercises. Furthermore, the Lyapunov theory has been applied to guarantee the stability of the closed-loop system. The performance of the proposed control approach are evaluated through simulation example.
A Mission Profile based Stress Emulation Method for Capacitors in High-power Converter Systems

This paper presents a dynamic operation profile emulation method for capacitors used in high-power converters. It preserves the advantages of a recently reported method with a minimum required power supply and is robust to testing sample degradation. This method is suitable for application-oriented stress emulation testing with different types of DC / AC capacitors and multi-condition operation in high power converter systems, such as wind power and railway systems. The circuit architecture and testing ability of this method are presented. Taking the mission profile of the AC capacitors in a railway traction system as an example, proof-of-concept experimental results are presented to verify the feasibility of the proposed test method.
LSTM-Based Arrhythmia Classification in Electrocardiogram Signals

Cardiac arrhythmia, a condition characterized by abnormal heart rhythms, necessitates precise detection methods for effective diagnosis and treatment. This study proposed and evaluated a deep learning-based method, utilizing Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) for arrhythmia detection. The study employed the MIT-BIH arrhythmia dataset, which was partitioned into training, testing, and validation sets. To ensure data quality, denoising processes were performed on the electrocardiogram signals. Additionally, normalization and Rpeak detection techniques were applied to extract relevant arrhythmia features. Addressing the challenge of imbalanced data, oversampling techniques were utilized to augment minority data representation. The proposed deep learning model underwent meticulous evaluation using multiple performance metrics, including accuracy, precision, sensitivity, specificity, F1 score, and root mean square error (RMSE). The results showcased LSTM's remarkable performance, achieving 96% overall accuracy. These finding provide compelling evidence for the effectiveness of deep learning in significantly enhancing arrhythmia detection accuracy, thus advancing the field of cardiac health monitoring and diagnosis.
Analog Digital Mixed Synchronous Rectifier Gate Signal Generation for LLC Resonant DC/DC Converter

Synchronous rectifier (SR) is extensively applied solution in the power converter since it can reduce the power loss caused by diode. The application of wide bandgap device introduces challenges into the SR due to their fast-switching speed. Aiming at addressing this problem, in this paper, an analog-digital mixed synchronous rectifier gate signal generation for LLC resonant DC/DC converter is proposed. In order to generating accurate SR gate signal for high-frequency LLC converter, a gate signal generation circuit based on high-speed and low propagation delay analog and digital devices is designed. To validate the feasibility of the proposed method and assess the effect on overall efficiency improvement, a 3.7 kW/400V LLC resonant PLECS simulation model and experimental prototype are established. Both simulation and experiment results have validated the functionality of the proposed SR circuitry.
A 28-Gb/s PAM-4 Fully-Integrated Optical Receiver with High-Speed Silicon Photodetector in 28-nm CMOS

This paper presents a 28-Gb/s PAM4 fully-integrated optical receiver for short-range optical communication in 28-nm CMOS. This receiver incorporates an on-chip silicon photodetector, a peaking-scalable trans-impedance amplifier (TIA) with the single-to-differential current buffer, a two-stage variable gain amplifier, a continuous-time linear equalizer, and an output buffer. A silicon P-Well/N-Well on-chip photodetector in the standard CMOS process with less junction capacitance is employed to realize a bandwidth of 4.53 GHz. The proposed TIA realizes a 0.9-dB high-frequency pseudo-difference mismatch with low power. Moreover, the peaking-scalable operation of TIA is implemented by an adjustable high-pass filter. This receiver achieves a $\mathbf{71}-\mathbf{dB}\mathbf{\Omega}$ trans-impedance gain and a 28-Gb/s PAM-4 eye diagram with the energy efficiency of 0.41-pJ/bit under 1.0-V supply.
Features Extraction of Different Emotional based on Brain Rhythm

Emotions are an essential part of human physiological performance. Therefore, the study of emotion recognition is extremely relevant in both practical applications and theoretical research. Based on the electroencephalogram (EEG) data we collected, this paper explored the differences from five different characteristics among the coefficient of variation (CV) , power spectral density (PSD) , differential entropy (DE) , approximate entropy (AE) , and permutation entropy (PE) of three emotions at different rhythms, analyzed the activity of each brain region under different emotions. Finally, this paper also compares the classification accuracy of single features and combined features. The experimental results reveal that emotions are more strongly correlated with Beta and Gamma bands; temporal lobe regions are most active in emotion-related brain activity; and the accuracy of combined features is higher than the accuracy of single feature classification. The experiment conclusively demonstrates that effective feature extraction and selection have far-reaching implications for emotion recognition.
Research and Application of Visual Operation and Maintenance Technology for Conveyor Belt in Catalyst Workshop

Reducing energy consumption, increasing production yield, and maintaining the continuous, stable, and efficient operation of catalyst production line systems are primary requirements and current challenges for catalyst factories. However, catalyst production often faces issues such as conveyor belt misalignment and breakage, which can lead to decreased production efficiency and lower product quality. To tackle these challenges, this paper proposes a machine vision-based monitoring and control system. Specifically, a binocular camera is employed to detect AprilTag labels and measure the offset of the conveyor belt, while also providing real-time depth information of the conveyor belt skirt edge. Compared to traditional machine vision approaches, this system demonstrates higher accuracy, stability, and improved production efficiency and product quality.
Multi-step machine learning forecasting of power consumption and PV generation for distributed energy management applications

A machine learning approach to the forecasting of power systems time series data is discussed. A PV generation and household load forecasting method will be provided with a focus on an online implementation in a distributed energy management system architecture. A number of improvements and novel techniques are explored across both the training and inference processes, including a correlation analysis for the PV generation and weather conditions. A comparative analysis with respect to baseline models and various user-defined parameters is also given to determine the best performing setups. The proposed method is evaluated with two different horizon windows, 1 day and 15 minutes, to demonstrate the effectiveness of the multi-rate approach. Finally, the use of the technique for the sizing and operation of an energy storage system connected to the installation is included.
A GaN-Based Unipolar Sinusoidal Pulse-Width Modulated Inverter with High Efficiency and High Power

This brief presents a high-power, high-efficiency GaN-based unipolar sinusoidal pulse-width modulated inverter. The comparator is the core of the inverter and the modulation process is dependent on the comparator. Designed depletion-mode (DM) GaN comparator exhibits excellent performances. On-chip experimental results show that the DM GaN comparator can operate up to 2 MHz with full waveform integrity and no distortion using 0. 25μm GaN-on-Si process technology. The simulation results of the inverter based on the designed comparator are as follows: the inverter produces up to 16.9W of output power, 84% efficiency of power stage, 74% efficiency of the entire circuit and the total harmonic distortion rate (THD) is 0.75%. The proposed novel inverter implements sinusoidal pulse-width modulation in DC-AC conversion process.
Impact of PCB Parasitic Capacitance on Switching Transients in Split-Phase Inverter Utilizing TO-247 SiC Devices

The fast-switching capability of Wide Band Gap (WBG) devices has enabled high switching frequency and power density targets. However, fast switching implies high dv/dt and di/dt, imposing a constraint on the PCB power loop inductance in minimizing voltage overshoot during switching. Although vertical PCB power loop design is proven effective in achieving low loop inductance, the underlying PCB parasitic capacitance is increased. For a discrete device, the PCB parasitic capacitance is paralleled to the device’s output capacitance through the package lead inductance, altering the transient switching response, dv/dt and voltage overshoot. This paper analyzes the effect of PCB parasitic capacitance on switching transients in a two-level Split-Phase (2L-SP) inverter phase-leg with SiC devices in TO-247 package. The results show that PCB parasitic capacitance and package lead inductance impact the transient switching response and voltage overshoot, making the conventional second-order LC small-signal transient switching model inapplicable.
Algebraic Fault Analysis of GIFT_64_128 Block Cipher Based on Hardware Trojan

Based on the algebraic fault analysis method, a new hardware trojan is proposed to implement fault injection of cryptographic chip on FPGA. A random state value is used to realize the activation circuit and a single XOR-gate is used to realize the bit-flipping at a specific position. Set up a variety of random state sequences to achieve multiple single-bit fault injections. According to the algebraic properties of the GIFT_64_128 block cipher, using the algebraic fault analysis method, the key can be solved by at least 12 single-bit faults based on the fault ciphertexts and incorrect encryption information generated by the faults. The number of faults required is significantly reduced compared to existing methods.