Evaluation of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Lolium perenne in response to wastewater application

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of using treated wastewater on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Lolium perenne in greenhouse conditions in Sa'dabad of the Dashtestan, Iran. Experiment was performed in a randomized complete block design with 5 treatments and 4 replicates. Treatments included: fresh water, fresh water + 25% treated wastewater, fresh water + 50% treated wastewater, fresh water + 75% treated wastewater, and 100% treated wastewater. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the impact of wastewater had significant effect on growth and physiological characteristics. Root weight (6.7 g), leaf weight (3.6 g), leaf area (8.4 cm 2 ), root length (33 cm) and plant height (11.3 cm) showed a significant increase in compared to the control. In relation to the characteristics of protein, phosphorus and ash, the same trend was observed. © 2016 Elixir All rights reserved. Elixir Agriculture 95 (2016) 41051-41052 Agriculture Available online at www.elixirpublishers. com (Elixir International Journal) Seyed Mohammad Hasan Mahdavi et al./ Elixir Agriculture 95 (2016) 41051-41052 41052 showed, an increase of 20, 10, 40 and 30% in compared to control, respectively. It has been indicated in various researches that the municipal sewage sludge applied in increasing amounts increase the plant growth and nitrogen content of various plants which have been subjected to testing (Menelik et al. 1991; El-Dawwey 1993; Mohammad and Battikhi 1997; Arcak et al. 2000; Şensoy et al. 2000; Bozkurt et al. 2001). T1 had highest means of K and the treatments T1, T2, T3 and T4 showed, a decrease of 9, 6, 35 and 32% in compared to control, respectively. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the impact of wastewater had significant effect on growth and physiological characteristics. Root weight (6.7 g), leaf weight (3.6 g), leaf area (8.4 cm2), root length (33 cm) and plant height (11.3 cm) showed a significant increase in compared to the control. In relation to the characteristics of protein, phosphorus and ash, the same trend was observed. Fig. Effect of waste water on studied traits. Resources 1. Aggelides, S.M. and Londra, P.A. , 2000. Effects of compost produced from town wastes and sewage sludge on the physical properties of a loamy and a clay soil. Bioresource technology, 71(3), pp.253-259. 2. Arora, M. , Kiran, B. , Rani, S. , Rani, A. , Kaur, B. and Mittal, N. , 2008. Heavy metal accumulation in vegetables irrigated with water from different sources. Food Chemistry, 111(4), pp.811-815. 3. Benitez, E. , Romero, E. , Gomez, M. , Gallardo-Lara, F. and Nogales, R. , 2001. Biosolids and biosolids-ash as sources of heavy metals in a plant-soil system. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 132(1-2), pp.75-87 4. Bozkurt, M.A. and Yarilgaç, T. , 2003. The effects of sewage sludge applications on the yield, growth, nutrition and heavy metal accumulation in apple trees growing in dry conditions. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 27(5), pp.285-292. 5. González-Pérez, M. , Martin-Neto, L. , Colnago, L.A. , Milori, D.M. , de Camargo, O.A. , Berton, R. and Bettiol, W. , 2006. Characterization of humic acids extracted from sewage sludge-amended oxisols by electron paramagnetic resonance. Soil and Tillage Research, 91(1), pp.95-100. 6. Keller, J., Yuan, Z. and Blackall, L.L. , 2002. Integrating process engineering and microbiology tools to advance activated sludge wastewater treatment research and development. Reviews in Environmental Science and Biotechnology, 1(1), pp.83-97. 7. Sanchez-Monedero, M.A., Mondini, C. , De Nobili, M. , Leita, L. and Roig, A. , 2004. Land application of biosolids. Soil response to different stabilization degree of the treated organic matter. Waste Management, 24(4), pp.325-332 8. Stamatiadis, S. , Doran, J.W. and Kettler, T. , 1999. Field and laboratory evaluation of soil quality changes resulting from injection of liquid sewage sludge. Applied Soil Ecology, 12(3), pp.263-272. 9. Wilkins, P.W. and Humphreys, M.O. , 2003. Progress in breeding perennial forage grasses for temperate agriculture. The Journal of Agricultural Science, 140(02), pp.129-150.