Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Associative Document Search using a Probabilistic Document Clustering

本論文では, 指定した文書と類似する文書を検索する文書連想検索のための確率的クラスタリング HBC (Hierarchical Bayesian Clustering) を提案する. 文書連想検索を実現する際の問題点は, 類似文書の検索に時間がかかることである. 単純な網羅検索では, 比較対象の大きさPVに比例した O (N) の検索時間を要する. 本論文では, クラスタ検索と呼ばれる検索手法を用いることでこの問題を解決する. クラスタ検索では, 通常, クラスタリングによりクラスタの二分木をあらかじめ構築しておき, その上でトップダウンに二分木検索を行うため, 検索時間を O (log2N) に抑えることができる. ところが, 従来のクラスタ検索では, 検索時に使う距離尺度とクラスタリング時に使う距離尺度が直接関係ないため, 単純な二分木検索では十分な検索精度が得られなかった. それに対しHBCは, クラスタリングの対象文書を自己検索した際の精度を最大化するため, 検索により適したクラスタリングである. 実験では, 「現代用語の基礎知識」を用いて, HBCを用いたクラスタ検索がWard法を用いた従来のクラスタ検索よりも優れていることを実証する. また, 「Wall Street Journal」を用いて, HBCを用いたクラスタ検索が網羅検索に比べノイズ頑健性に優れていることを実証する.
Video Content Analysis Using Multimodal Information: For Movie Content Extraction, Indexing and Representation

From the Publisher: "Video Content Analysis Using Multimodal Information For Movie Content Extraction, Indexing and Representation is on content-based multimedia analysis, indexing, representation and applications with a focus on feature films. Presented are the state-of-art techniques in video content analysis domain, as well as many novel ideas and algorithms for movie content analysis based on the use of multimodal information. " "The authors employ multiple media cues such as audio, visual and face information to bridge the gap between low-level audiovisual features and high-level video semantics. Based on sophisticated audio and visual content processing such as video segmentation and audio classification, the original video is re-represented in the form of a set of semantic video scenes or events, where an event is further classified as a 2-speaker dialog, a multiple-speaker dialog, or a hybrid event. Moreover, desired speakers are simultaneously identified from the video stream based on either a supervised or an adaptive speaker identification scheme. All this information is then integrated together to build the video's TOC (table of content) as well as the index table. Finally, a video abstraction system, which can generate either a scene-based summary or an event-based skim, is presented by exploiting the knowledge of both video semantics and video production rules. " This monograph will be of great interest to research scientists and graduate level students working in the area of content-based multimedia analysis, indexing, representation and applications as well as its related fields.
JIT-Picking: Differential Fuzzing of JavaScript Engines

Modern JavaScript engines that power websites and even full applications on the Web are driven by the need for an increasingly fast and snappy user experience. These engines use several complex and potentially error-prone mechanisms to optimize their performance. Unsurprisingly, the inevitable complexity results in a huge attack surface and varioustypes of software vulnerabilities. On the defender's side, fuzz testing has proven to be an invaluable tool for uncovering different kinds of memory safety violations. Although it is difficult to test interpreters and JIT compilers in an automated way, recent proposals for input generation based on grammars or target-specific intermediate representations helped uncovering many software faults. However, subtle logic bugs and miscomputations that arise from optimization passes in JIT engines continue to elude state-of-the-art testing methods. While such flaws might seem unremarkable at first glance, they are often still exploitable in practice. In this paper, we propose a novel technique for effectively uncovering this class of subtle bugs during fuzzing. The key idea is to take advantage of the tight coupling between a JavaScript engine's interpreter and its corresponding JIT compiler as a domain-specific and generic bug oracle, which in turn yields a highly sensitive fault detection mechanism. We have designed and implemented a prototype of the proposed approach in a tool called JIT-Picker. In an empirical evaluation, we show that our method enables us to detect subtle software faults that prior work missed. In total, we uncovered 32 bugs that were not publicly known and received a $10.000 bug bounty from Mozilla as a reward for our contributions to JIT engine security.
Complex Event Processing Over Intrusion Detection System: A Comprehensive Discussion

The quick advancement and extension of the internet and the computer system has equipped the hackers and intruders with new ideas for their destructive purposes. The expenses of changeless harms caused by unauthorized access of the intruders have forced to progressively execute different system to filter the alerts in the network. These systems are consequently discussed to as Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) by the experts and the researchers. IDS is utilized to recognize all interruptions in a network and if any suspicious event approaching a danger or threat which may bring harm to the computer systems, the IDS will produce alerts. Though IDS detect the attacks, it is suffered from generating false positive alerts. Therefore there is a need to analyse each alert precisely to differentiate from legitimate behaviour of the system which is time consuming. So, each alert is to be taken as an event and it is to be processed in real time. Since there is large number of alerts generated by the IDS, it is required that the alerts are to be handled by the Complex Event Processing. Complex Event Processing (CEP) is an advanced technology used to filter and process events in real time. The CEP filters the alerts/events from the IDS logs and responds to the events through pattern matching techniques. In this paper, the advantages of the methodologies used by the Complex Event Processing over the IDS includes Clustering, Classification and pattern matching of the alerts/events which promotes the efficient performance of the IDS system is discussed. This Comprehensive discussion also articulates the handling of false alerts by the Complex Event Processing, produced by the Intrusion Detection System.
The prevalence and correlates of chronic pain and suicidality in a nationally representative sample

Background: Research suggests that people suffering from chronic pain have elevated rates of suicidality. With an ageing population, more research is essential to gain a better understanding of this association. Aims: To document the prevalence and correlates of chronic pain and suicide, and estimate the contribution of chronic pain to suicidality. Method: Data from the 2007 Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing, a nationally representative household survey on 8841 people, aged 16–85 years, was analysed. Results: The odds of lifetime and past 12-month suicidality were two to three times greater in people with chronic pain. Sixty-five percent of people who attempted suicide in the past 12 months had a history of chronic pain. Chronic pain was independently associated with lifetime suicidality after controlling for demographic, mental health and substance use disorders. Conclusions: Health care professionals need to be aware of the risk of suicidality in patients with chronic pain, even in the absence of mental health problems.
JOB DISSATISFACTION AND ITS RELATED FACTORS AMONG LABORATORY STAFF

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of job dissatisfaction, and to ascertain the association between job strain and job dissatisfaction and socio-demographic and occupational factors among laboratory staff of Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM). Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 450 research laboratory staff in 10 faculties and 8 institutes of Universiti Putra Malaysia. Probability appropriate to size sampling and simple random sampling method were used and data were collected via Job content Questionnaire (JCQ) from September 2012 to February 2013. SPSS (version 20.0) software was used for data analysis. Results: A total of 285 laboratory staff with at least one year job tenure participated in this study (Response rate: 91.3%). The finding revealed that 47% of laboratory staff reported job dissatisfaction. The results of this survey showed laboratory staffs with age 35, and less were two-fold more likely to report job dissatisfaction than the older staff (adjusted OR= 2.108, 95% CI: 1.241- 3.582). Laboratory staffs with higher toxic exposures 2 times more likely to report job dissatisfaction (adjusted OR= 1.887, 95% CI: 1.062-3.353). Conclusion: There is a need to have training plans to increase the knowledge on toxic exposures among younger laboratory staff, which may be helpful to reduce job dissatisfaction among them.
Research on Improving capabilities of effective android malware detection through Machine learning techniques

Now a days, drastically increased android smartphone users. Mobile apps become part of our everyday life, many of the services are provided to us through mobile apps. Therefore Android devices are the most targeted devices by malware because of their high popularity. So that it is necessary to provide Security to android device. To protect our data from malicious software, we need to detect malware from devices. Malware detection is process of detecting an unknown software and application from android device and giving security to the device. There are various ways to attack malicious program on device and previously harmful software can be detect by antivirus software but some traditional anti-virus systems are fail to classify strange malware between their correspondent families then according to realize current kinds on malware programs. So malware detection is necessary to detect malware and protect data. In this paper, we analyse the different malware detection techniques and their comparative studies. To improve malware detection accuracy, Hybrid analysis of malware and use Boosting, decision tree and support vector machine algorithm and also use ensemble learning of this three algorithm using voting classifier used in proposed model. We propose an algorithm through which we can increase the accuracy and other parameter so users get more security of personal information data.
Frequency Shifting a Single Photon by Electro-Optic Modulation

Entanglement is a rare resource only a select few people worldwide can create. Its fundamentally non-classical behavior seeds a tree of ideas from which transformative technologies in information processing, communication, and imaging grow. Particularly interesting is entanglement between photons in a pair made by a quantum dot, the most competitive contender among quantum photonic devices. A strength of semiconductor quantum dots is their deterministic reliability and potential for production at scale. The associated price is anchored in their inherent flaw: sensitivity to imperfections in their shape puts the entanglement they generate in motion. Thus, unless a specific entangled photon pair is caught at just the right moment, it will appear as though it is in fact not entangled at all. Ingenious methods for making quantum dots perfect again have been devised, almost exclusively built around reshaping the dot by physical, electric, or magnetic means. One completely different proposal stands out, which instead stops the entanglement’s motion once it has already been created. As a purely optical technique it can be used for any quantum dot and is completely non-intrusive. This is the method of the rotating half-wave plate [1]. The entanglement between photons in a pair revolves up to a few billion times per second and halting it requires a correction one-half that rate. Physically spinning a crystal waveplate at that tremendous speed is impossible, but if the properties of a crystal are spun in an identical way such quickly varying entanglement can be restored to its starting point with ease. This is the principle of electro-optic modulation. This thesis shows the very first demonstration of slowing the frequency of single photons in a stream by using an electro-optical rotating half-wave plate prototype. Initial results show a reduction in frequency by 127.75 million oscillations per second. Any quantum dot whose entanglement precesses no more quickly than 255.5 MHz can thus directly make use of the technique contained herein.
THE COMPARATIVE TOXICITY OF SOME INSECTICIDES AND PLANT EXTRACTS AGAINST PEACH FRUIT FLY (BACTROCERA ZONATA)

Pakistan has great potential in fruit export, due to its taste. According to statistics, fruits, vegetables and condiments contribute to the economy up to 2 billion dollars, which is almost 26% of the total amount of all crops. Only the export of fruits during 2013-14 contributed to the national economy about Rs. 2,366.5 billion. The production of horticulture crops is a signal of market demand of fruits and vegetable. According to FAO (2014) the fruits like mango, citrus, banana, grapes, guava, apple and date, are the main fruits of Pakistan in terms of production and exports. Mango, citrus and dates contribute almost 78% of the total value of Pakistan's fruit export and in the world production ranking, th Pakistan is having 6 position in mango and dates and 20th position in apple production (Akhtar et al., 2009). Fruit flies are discussed as most destructive insect pests that damage variety of fruits and vegetables and reduce agricultural production, which trim down economic percentage. There are about eleven Species are recorded from Pakistan, but three of which bactrocera dorsalis, Bactrocera cucurbitae and Bactrocera zonata that attack on apple, mango, beer, guava, musk melon, bitter ground, snake ground are serious species (Nadeem et al., 2012). Main hosts of peach fruit fly are mango, apple, guava, bitter ground and musk melon in Pakistan (Gul et al., 2015). Guava fruit is seriously damaged by different environmental factors and pests which include diseases, birds, insects and mites. Among insects, fruit flies especially Bactrocera species are the most important pests. According to a survey conducted by the National Fruit Fly Research (NFFR) laboratory, Dera Ismail Khan, KPK, Pakistan, it was observed that the percent relative abundance of the 3 economically important species, Bactrocera species as Bactrocera dorsalis (hendel), Bactrocera Cucurbitea and Bactrocera zonata (saunders) in guava orchard was 3.22, 16.44 and 80.34 percent, respectively (Marwat and Baloch, 1986). This indicated that Bactrocera zonata might cause maximum loss to guava orchard due to its high prevalence in the orchards and has greater economic importance. The oriental fruit fly ABSTRACT ARTICLE INFORMATION
THE ATTRACTIONS OF PROTEINS FOR SMALL MOLECULES AND IONS

The number and variety of known compounrjs between proteins and small molecules are increasing rapidly and make a fascinating story. For instance, there are the compounds of iron, which is carried in our blood plasma by a globulin, two atoms of iron to each molecule of globulin held in a rather tight salt-lie binding? which is stored as ferric hydroxide by ferritin much as water is held by a sponge? and which functions in hemoglobin, four iron atoms in tight porphyrin complexes in each protein molecule. Or, there are many compounds of serum albumin, which was used during the war by many chemists, most of whom found at least one 6ew compound. This molecule, which has about a hundred carboxyl radicals, each of which can take on a proton, and about the same number of ammonium radicals, each of which can dissociate a proton, has one single radical which combines with mercuric ion so firmly that two albumin molecules will share one mercury atom if there are not enough to go a r ~ u n d . ~ At the present stage of rapid growth of known compounds, it seems more profitable for me to make no attempt to catalogue the various classes of compounds, but to discuss the general principles involved, in the hope that this will make more useful the information which is accumulating so rapidy from so many laboratories. We want to know of each molecule or ion whicb can combine with a protein molecule, /‘How many? How tightly? Where? Why? ” The answer to the first two questions, and sometimes to the third, can be furnished by the physical chemist, but he will often need to team with an organic chemist to determine the effect of altering specified groups to find if they are reactive. The determination of function iç a complicated problem which may be the business of the physiologist or physiological chemist. But the answers to both of the more complicated problems will depend on the answers to the simpler questions, “HOW many? ” and “How tightly bound? ” If the various groups on a protein molecule act independently, we can apply the law of mass action as though each group were on a separate molecule,4 and the strength of binding can be expressed as the constant for each group. Often, a single constant will express the behavior of severa1 groups. If the constants are widely spread, as those for the reaction of hydrogen ion with carboxylate ions, with imidazoles and with amines, the interpretation is simple. If the separation is less, it is very difficult to distinguish the case of different intrinsic affinities from the case of interaction among the groups. We know that such interaction occurs in simple moleculeç in which a reac-
Morphology and molecular phylogeny of Phaeostrophion irregulare (Phaeophyceae) with a proposal for Phaeostrophiaceae fam. nov., and a review of Ishigeaceae

H. Kawai, H. Sasaki, S. Maeba & E.C. Henry. 2005. Morphology and molecular phylogeny of Phaeostrophion irregulare (Phaeophyceae) with a proposal for Phaeostrophiaceae fam. nov., and a review of Ishigeaceae. Phycologia 44: 169–182. Phaeostrophion irregulare, which is distributed along the Pacific coast of northwestern America, has been placed in the family Punctariaceae, order Dictyosiphonales (or Ectocarpales sensu lato), because of anatomical resemblances. On the basis of a previous culture study, the species was assumed to have a direct type of life history, with erect thalli forming unilocular or plurilocular zooidangia. However, the occurrence of a perennial prostrate system (holdfast), the presence of marginal meristematic cells on the holdfast and the lack of pyrenoids in chloroplasts suggest that this taxonomic assignment is questionable. Transmission electron microscopy observation confirmed the absence of pyrenoids in the chloroplasts. Molecular phylogenetic studies using rbcL (chloroplast) and partial 18S and 26S ribosomal RNA (nuclear) gene sequences revealed that Phaeostrophion is not included in the clade of Ectocarpales s.l. , but forms a clade with Sphacelariales which diverged relatively early in the evolution of Phaeophyceae and shares an apical or marginal meristematic manner of growth with them. Members of Ishigeaceae were also shown to have a distant phylogenetic relationship with Chordariales (or Ectocarpales s.l.) and diverged early in the phaeophycean lineage. We propose a new family Phaeostrophiaceae to accommodate Phaeostrophion, although we suspend taxonomic treatment at the ordinal level.
Desiccation‐tolerance in bdelloid rotifers facilitates spatiotemporal escape from multiple species of parasitic fungi

Asexuality has major theoretical advantages over sexual reproduction. Nevertheless, obligately asexual metazoan lineages seldom endure over evolutionary time. The Red Queen hypothesis posits that their limited capacity to generate genetic novelty leads to extermination by rapidly evolving parasites and pathogens. At first glance, rotifers of the class Bdelloidea appear to contradict this view: they have reproduced asexually for over 30 Myr without being overwhelmed by parasites. However, there are special ecological conditions under which Red Queen models can accommodate this unusual outcome. If hosts disperse rapidly within a structured metapopulation during a parasite-free life stage, then in principle they can become spatiotemporally decoupled from coevolving antagonists, and persist without sex. Intriguingly, bdelloid rotifers form dormant propagules when desiccated, which disperse easily by wind. In previous experiments, 7 days of desiccation and wind dispersal removed a fungal parasite from populations of one bdelloid species, allowing them to disperse independently. Here, I extend this finding to two additional bdelloid species and five more fungal parasites, and demonstrate its robustness under various desiccation regimes, and in the presence of multiple parasites. Results support the hypothesis that the unusual physiology of anciently asexual bdelloid rotifers helps them escape fungal parasites in space and time. © 2011 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2011, 104, 564–574.
Cytology and taxonomy of Elymus kengii, E. grandiglumis, E. alatavicus, and E. batalinii (Poaceae: Triticeae)

Elymus alatavicus (Drob.) A. Love, E. batalinii (Krasn.) A. Love, E. kengii (Keng) Tzvelev, and E. grandiglumis (Keng) A. Love are rare hexaploid perennial grasses of the tribe Triticeae native to central Asia. This paper further describes the (i) genomic makeup of E. batalinii and E. alatavicus; (ii) chromosome pairing and fertility in hybrids between E. alatavicus or E. batalinii and E. kengii or E. grandiglumis; (iii) morphological variation among the taxa; and (iv) necessary taxonomic changes within Elymus necessitated by the above studies. On the basis of chromosome pairing in the hybrids E. batalinii × E. dentatus (Hook. f.) Tzvelev ssp. ugamicus (Drob.) Tzvelev, 10.21 I + 12.11 II + 0.18 III + 0.01 IV, and E. alatavicus × Pseudoroegneria tauri (Boiss. B E. kengii × E. b.
Use of Life Tables in a Bioclimatic Study of an Experimental Aphid‐Braconid Wasp Host‐Parasite System

to environmental extremes of drought and flash floods. 2. The natural life span for most Rhinichthys oscults in the Chiricahua Mountains is less than 3 years. None was found to reach 4 years. 3. High mortality rates during summer drought must be interpreted, in part, as an acceleration of death among older fish since most fish are expected to die before they are 3 years old. Among younger fish, drought directly elevates the mortality rate. 4. Mortalities during a drought are caused directly by the disappearance of water and indirectly by starvation of the fish which are crowded into reduced habitat with inadequate food. 5. Flash floods are an important cause of mortality among fish of the year if they occur while the fish are very small. The greatest potential loss of fish of the year occurs in late summer when the initial flash flood induces major reproduction and is then followed by another flash flood. 6. Flash floods are not a significant cause of mortality among older fish. 7. Temporary waters may persist in some sections through a period of wet years. The populations of fish inhabiting them are derived from upstream sections during a flash flood. All fish that were located in downstream temporary sections in the spring of 1960, were one-year-olds. 8. Temperatures do not rise to lethal levels in any of the flowing streams. In exposed shallow isolated pools, the temperatures may become lethal for oldcr fish, but not for fish of the year. 9. Predators play a minor role. Only one, the garter snake, Thamnophtis cyrtopsis, is common and apparently important. 10. Although fish populations are greatly reduced by a year of drought, there is no immediate threat of their local extinction.