Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Disinfectant Effectiveness of Boric Acid

Yöntem: Liyofilize borik asidin farklı konsantrasyonlarında (%1, 2, 4, 6) süspansiyonları hazırlanarak, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175 izolatları ve kan kültürü örneklerinden izole edilen farklı direnç paternine sahip 20 farklı mikroorganizma (Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis, Streptococcus mitis/oralis) olmak üzere toplam 25 izolata karşı kalitatif süspansiyon yöntemi ile dezenfektan etkinliği araştırılmıştır. Kalitatif süspansiyon yönteminde; farklı konsantrasyondaki borik asit ile seçilen bakteriler 1, 2, 5, 10, 30 dakikalık sürelerde temas ettirilmiştir. Temas süreleri sonunda, ABSTRACT Objective: Boric acid is an element that is found as compounds in the nature and has been shown to be effective in many areas. Being non-toxic for human and the environment and economical due to obtained naturally are the main remarkable properties. This study was conducted to investigate the disinfectant efficiency of boric acid.
Role of the Hydroxyl Groups Coordinated toTiO2 Surface on the Photocatalytic Decomposition of Ethylene at Different Ambient Conditions

The titania pulp—a semi product received from the industrial production of titania white—was submitted for the thermal heating at 400–600 °C under Ar and H2 to obtain TiO2 with different structure and oxygen surface defects. Heating of titania in H2 atmosphere accelerated dehydration and crystallisation of TiO2 compared to heating in Ar. TiO2 prepared at 500 and 600 °C under H2 had some oxygen vacancies and Ti3+ centres (electron traps), whereas TiO2 obtained at 450 °C under H2 exhibited some hole traps centres. The presence of oxygen vacancies induced adsorption of atmospheric CO2. It was evidenced, that ethylene reacted with TiO2 after UV irradiation. Formic acid was identified on TiO2 surface as the reaction product of ethylene oxidation. Hydroxyl radicals were involved in complete mineralisation of ethylene. TiO2 prepared at 500 °C under H2 was poorly active because some active sites for coordination of ethylene molecules were occupied by CO2. The most active samples were TiO2 with high quantity of OH terminal groups. At 50 °C, the physically adsorbed water molecules on titania surface were desorbed, and then photocatalytic decomposition of ethylene was more efficient. TiO2 with high quantity of chemisorbed OH groups was very active for ethylene decomposition. The acidic surface of TiO2 enhances its hydroxylation. Therefore, it is stated that TiO2 having acidic active sites can be an excellent photocatalyst for ethylene decomposition under UV light.
The Use Cases for Using PCE as the Central Controller(PCECC) of LSPs

In certain networks deployment scenarios, service providers would like to keep all the existing MPLS functionalities in both MPLS and GMPLS network while reducing existing complexity.In this document, we propose to use the PCE as a central controller so that LSP can be calculated/signaled/initiated/downloaded/managed through a centralized PCE server to each network devices along the LSP path while leveraging the existing PCE technologies as much as possible. This draft describes the use cases for using the PCE as the central controller where LSPs are calculated/setup/initiated/downloaded/ maintained through extending the current PCE architectures and extending the PCEP.
Digital Learning Media Innovation and Learning Experience: Creating Interactive Flipbook for Vocational Student

Teachers' ability to think creatively and innovatively to improve their classrooms is essential in this digital age and in the face of the present pandemic. One of the ways is by transforming a printed textbook into an interactive and engaging e-book. Thus, this study aimed to develop an interactive flipbook for vocational school students and describe their learning experiences. ADDIE development model was applied through the testing phase of validity, practicality, and effectiveness to obtain a decent media to improve the understanding of student concepts. The Flipbook was trialed on 27 vocational students. The results revealed that the interactive Flipbook was declared valid and practical, where the effectiveness test with N-gain obtained a score of 0.495, belonging to a fairly effective category. The learning experience obtained by students has been quite able to instill a conceptual understanding of the subjects of data communication and computer networking.
Sizing of wind powered axial flux permanent magnet alternator using analytical approach

The demand for a more sustainable energy supply worldwide is constantly growing hence, leading to the exploration of various renewable energy sources in energy generation systems especially in the demand for power in homes, industrial sectors and other utilities. Hydro power, wave power, solar energy, biomass and wind power are only a few that are being harnessed in various capacities. With new advances in wind energy technologies and energy conversion systems, a perfect fit is found in the utilization of wind in developing direct drive energy conversion systems. In this work, a wind-powered, single-phase, permanent magnet alternator utilizing an axial flux distribution system is developed. Using analytical calculations, the design parameters of the alternator’s main dimensions were obtained in a similar procedure for conventional electrical machines. To prove the feasibility of the concept, a prototype was built and tested. The alternator was built using Neodymium Iron Boron (NdFeB), a permanent magnet, with high concentration of flux around its periphery. The stator is slot-less and carries a concentrated air-cored type of winding. The procedures leading to either the selections and/or calculations for the machine parameters were carried out from first principle and fundamental assumptions in electrical machines design were made accordingly. Tests were conducted to determine its voltage output and were found optimal giving the abound limitations as stated. http://dx.doi. org/10.4314/njt.v35i4. 29
Bioactivities and Mode of Actions of Dibutyl Phthalates and Nocardamine from Streptomyces sp. H11809

Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) produced by Streptomyces sp. H11809 exerted inhibitory activity against human GSK-3β (Hs GSK-3β) and Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 (Pf 3D7) malaria parasites. The current study aimed to determine DBP’s plausible mode of action against Hs GSK-3β and Pf 3D7. Molecular docking analysis indicated that DBP has a higher binding affinity to the substrate-binding site (pocket 2; −6.9 kcal/mol) than the ATP-binding site (pocket 1; −6.1 kcal/mol) of Hs GSK-3β. It was suggested that the esters of DBP play a pivotal role in the inhibition of Hs GSK-3β through the formation of hydrogen bonds with Arg96/Glu97 amino acid residues in pocket 2. Subsequently, an in vitro Hs GSK-3β enzymatic assay revealed that DBP inhibits the activity of Hs GSK-3β via mixed inhibition inhibitory mechanisms, with a moderate IC50 of 2.0 µM. Furthermore, the decrease in Km value with an increasing DBP concentration suggested that DBP favors binding on free Hs GSK-3β over its substrate-bound state. However, the antimalarial mode of action of DBP remains unknown since the generation of a Pf 3D7 DBP-resistant clone was not successful. Thus, the molecular target of DBP might be indispensable for Pf survival. We also identified nocardamine as another active compound from Streptomyces sp. H11809 chloroform extract. It showed potent antimalarial activity with an IC50 of 1.5 μM, which is ~10-fold more potent than DBP, but with no effect on Hs GSK-3β. The addition of ≥12.5 µM ferric ions into the Pf culture reduced nocardamine antimalarial activity by 90% under in vitro settings. Hence, the iron-chelating ability of nocardamine was shown to starve the parasites from their iron source, eventually inhibiting their growth.
Quantifying Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Urban Growth Modes in Metropolitan Cities of China: Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, and Guangzhou

AbstractUrban growth has been recognized to involve three main modes: infilling, edge expansion, and outlying growth. However, the relationship between three urban growth modes and their driving factors remains little investigated. To better address these problems and understand the general spatiotemporal dynamics of the urban landscape, the authors quantitatively analyzed the patterns of three urban growth modes in four metropolitan cities in China (i.e., Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, and Guangzhou) during a 20-year period through an integrated approach of remote sensing and landscape expansion index (LEI). The relationship between urban growth modes and three driving factors (i.e., city center, existing urban areas, and main roads) in each city was also investigated using buffering analysis and the area-weighted mean distance index (AWMDI). Results showed that these four cities had a significant increase of urban areas and developed different urban growth patterns. Despite different natural environments a.
Development of the environment and potential of tourism areas of Tak Province

The current research had identified the contributing sources for the substance of environmental responsible behavior (ERB) in mountain tourism in Kampaengpet Province, Thailand. Kampaengpet Provinces, Thailand's economy grew significantly as a result of its involvement. This development could be maximized if the environmental responsible behavior is increased. Various studies mentioned in the literature that tourist experience and place attachment played an important role to enhance the environmental behavior. Consequently, the present research objective was to evaluate the moderating effect of place attachment between the association of tourist experience and environmental responsible behavior. To get this objective, the data was collected from the tourist which were came for visit. The key findings had shown that tourist responsible behavior directly positively and significantly effect by tourism experience. While place attachment has a moderating influence on the association between tourist experience and environmentally responsible behavior, it also has a moderating effect on the relationship between tourist experience and environmental responsibility. Theoretically, the present study tested a moderating effect of place attachment which also has a significant moderating between the association of tourist experience and tourist environmental experience.
Numerical analysis and experimental verification of elastomer bending process with different material models

Abstract The article presents the results of tests in order to verifying the effectiveness of the nine selected elastomeric material models (Neo-Hookean, Mooney with two and three constants, Signorini, Yeoh, Ogden, Arruda-Boyce, Gent and Marlow), which the material constants were determined in one material test - the uniaxial tension testing. The convergence assessment of nine analyzed models were made on the basis of their performance from an experimental bending test of the elastomer samples from the results of numerical calculations FEM for each material models. To calculate the material constants for the analyzed materials, a model has been generated by the stressstrain characteristics created as a result of experimental uniaxial tensile test with elastomeric dumbbell samples, taking into account the parameters received in its 18th cycle. Using such a calculated material constants numerical simulation of the bending process of a elastomeric, parallelepipedic sampleswere carried out using MARC / Mentat program.
A Highly Efficient RF-DC Converter for Energy Harvesting Applications Using a Threshold Voltage Cancellation Scheme

In this paper, a self-threshold voltage (Vth) compensated Radio Frequency to Direct Current (RF-DC) converter operating at 900 MHz and 2.4 GHz is proposed for RF energy harvesting applications. The threshold voltage of the rectifying devices is compensated by the bias voltage generated by the auxiliary transistors and output DC voltage. The auxiliary transistors compensate the threshold voltage (Vth) of the PMOS rectifying device while the threshold voltage (Vth) of the NMOS rectifying device is compensated by the output DC voltage. The proposed RF-DC converter was implemented in 180 nm Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) technology. The experimental results show that the proposed design achieves better performance at both 900 MHz and 2.4 GHz frequencies in terms of PCE, output voltage, sensitivity, and effective area. The peak power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 38.5% at −12 dBm across a 1 MΩ load for 900 MHz frequency was achieved. Similarly, for 2.4 GHz frequency, the proposed circuit achieves a peak PCE of 26.5% at −6 dBm across a 1 MΩ load. The proposed RF-DC converter circuit shows a sensitivity of −20 dBm across a 1 MΩ load and produces a 1 V output DC voltage.
Re-Assembly of the Longleaf Pine Ecosystem: Effects of Groundcover Seeding on Understory Community, Fire Behavior and Soil Properties

Planting native groundcover is often recommended to restore the understory of longleaf pine stands in the southeastern United States, but the effectiveness of such restoration activities remains poorly evaluated. We conducted a study in 25-year-old longleaf pine plantation stands in Georgia, USA, to examine the effects of seeding native groundcover on understory characteristics, fire behavior and soil properties. In 2015, four stands were seeded with five warm-season C4 grasses and a legume and four served as controls. In Fall 2020, we sampled the understory and analyzed soils collected from these stands, and in Spring 2021, fire behavior was evaluated. A total of 120 species were recorded in the understory across the stands, with the seeded species average foliar cover of 15%. There were no significant differences in species richness and Shannon diversity index of the seeded and control stands but understory species composition changed significantly. Soil properties and fire behavior during the prescribed fire also did not differ significantly between treatments, however, mean flame residence time was higher in seeded stands (108 s). Agricultural legacies of elevated soil P and old-field indicator species were prominent across stands. Overall, seeding had a minor effect on longleaf pine ecological characteristics in five years.
A Method for Identifying Urban Functional Zones Based on Landscape Types and Human Activities

The effects of land use and socioeconomic changes on urban landscape patterns and functional zones have been increasingly investigated around the world; however, our knowledge on these effects is still inadequate for sustainably managing urban ecosystems. The urban functional zone (UFZ) refers to a kind of regional space that provides specific functions for human activities and reflects the land use type in a city. They are important for urban planning and exploring urban texture dynamics. UFZs improve understanding of sustainable development for urban ecosystems with extreme environments and unique social backgrounds. However, the identification methods for UFZs are incomplete because of a lack of socioeconomic attributes, as well as their hierarchical relations. Here, we present a hierarchical weighted clustering model to identify UFZs based on the entropy weight method. The data included points of interest (POIs), land use type data, road network data, socioeconomic data, and population density. We found that the adjusted cosine metric and the average criterion were the optimal distance metric and linkage strategy, respectively, to cluster urban zone data. The performance with weighted data was better than that with raw data, and the level of the POI classification scheme and landscape pattern affected the accuracy of identification UFZs. The research indicated that the hierarchical weighted clustering model was a useful method to classify UFZs in order to improve urban planning and environmental management schemes.
ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT APPLICATIONS OF EVAPORATIVE COOLING SYSTEMS

Theoretical results from an engineering study concerning the application of evaporative cooling systems for small-scale power generation and ambient thermal comfort are presented in this paper. A first case study considers an analysis on the potential of a direct evaporative media coupled to an existing gas microturbine cycle. The layout of the thermal system in study, with air combustion evaporative cooling of the cycle, is presented. The mathematical model adopted for computational simulation was based in classical principles of mass and energy conservation, for the thermodynamics processes involved. A parametric study of the effects of the air combustion evaporative cooling about variables as cycle efficiency and output power, is investigated, so the microturbine performance along the test reference year (TRY) in Brasilia. The second case study is related to the application of an evaporative cooling system for space conditioning of the Community Center of the University of Brasilia. Initially, constructive, occupation and orientation aspects are characterized. Next a methodology for cooling load hourly calculation is presented based in an energy balance applied for each individual element of the canvas elliptic surface peculiar geometry treated by a rendering numeric process. The determination of the evaporative cooling system was realized based in the maxim thermal load calculated for a Test Reference Year in Brasilia. The evaporative cooling system simulation consisted in the response of dry bulb temperature and relative humidify within building during the analysis time. Results obtained for the first case showed that a direct evaporative system can increase power output and decreases specific fuel consumption in a microturbine based power generation cycle. For the second case, it was verified that an evaporative cooling system use for thermal comfort in the UnB Community Center is recommendable in that year periods when dry bulb temperature and relative humidify outside building are higher than internal comfort conditions.
Yield, quality and enzyme activity of shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes) grown on different agricultural wastes

In this study, it was aimed to investigate cultivation of Lentinula edodes by using different agricultural wastes (oak sawdust, poplar sawdust, wheat stalk, peanut shell, corncob and vine pruning waste) and to determine the most suitable growing mixture/mixtures. For this purpose, 12 growing mixtures were tested. Within the scope of the experiment, besides measurement of yield and quality parameters of mushrooms, properties of agricultural wastes and enzyme activities (laccase and cellulase) of mixtures at different periods were measured. Based on results of the study, the highest and lowest amounts of nitrogen were obtained from after harvest (1.71%) and after sterilization (1.34%) periods, respectively. While the highest amount of carbon was at the after-sterilization period (46.6%), the lowest amount was recorded at the after harvest (45.64%) period. The fastest and slowest mycelia development time was observed in A7 (21.67 days) and A4 (50 days) mixtures, respectively. While the highest yield was determined in A5 (299.59 g kg-1) mixture, A9 (55.99 g kg-1), A6 (65.59 g kg-1) and A11 (75.47 g kg-1) gave the lowest results. While the highest biological activity rate was recorded in A3 (93.65 %) and A5 (92.90%), the lowest was observed in A11 (21.45%), A6 (19.85%) and A9 (19.22%) mixtures. The highest and lowest protein amounts were determined in the A5, A7 and A10, A9 and C mixtures, respectively. The highest cellulase and laccase activities were found in A3 (3.16 IU g-1) and A7 (2164.48 U g-1), respectively.
Linear plasma device GyM for plasma-material interaction studies

GyM is a linear plasma device operating at Istituto per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Plasmi, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milan, with the original aim of studying basic plasma physics, such as turbulent processes. Since 2014, GyM experimental program has been mainly focused on the issue of plasma-material interaction (PMI) for magnetic confinement nuclear fusion applications. GyM consists of a stainless steel vacuum chamber (radius and length of 0.125 m and 2.11 m), a pumping system, a gas injection system, 10 magnetic field coils and two magnetron sources at 2.45 GHz, capable of delivering a total microwave power up to 4.5 kW. Highly reproducible steady-state plasmas of different gas species, at a maximum working pressure of ∼ 1 0 − 1 Pa, can be obtained by electron cyclotron resonance heating in the resonance layer at 87.5 mT. Plasmas of GyM have electron and ion temperature ≤15 eV and ∼0.1 eV, respectively. The electron density is in the range of 1015–1017 m−3 and the ion flux is ≤5 × 1020 ions⋅m−2s−1. Main plasma diagnostics of GyM comprise Langmuir probes, an optical emission spectrometer, a mass spectrometer and a fast camera system equipped with an image intensifier unit. For the purpose of investigating the topic of PMI, GyM is provided with two sample exposure systems. Both are biasable at a negative bias voltage down to −400 V, to tune the energy of the impinging ions. One of them is also equipped with a heating lamp and can reach and sustain a temperature of 990 K for several hours, thus allowing to study the role of sample temperature during the plasma-material interaction. This contribution presents the layout of GyM, the diagnostics, the sample exposure systems and the typical plasma parameters. A brief overview of the main PMI activities carried out so far and a description of future machine upgrades are also given.
LED lamp modelling for harmonic studies in distribution systems

Energy saving policies have boosted the use of light emitting diode (LED) lamps in distribution networks. These lamps are non-linear loads which inject harmonic currents into the distribution system, which has led to a decrease in the system power quality. Study of the modelling of these lamps would allow the prediction of harmonic emissions into distribution systems. This study presents a frequency-domain LED lamp model for harmonic emission calculation, together with a simple estimation procedure for model parameter determination from experimental measurements. Both were validated by laboratory tests. Finally, an application illustrates the effect of widespread use of LED lamps in a typical distribution system and allows LED lamp models to be compared.