Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Validation of a Biomechanical Performance Assessment Platform Applying an Inertial-Bpased Biosensor and Axis Vector Computation

: Inertial kinetics and kinematics have substantial influences on human biomechanical function. A new algorithm for IMU-based motion tracking is presented in this work. This study combines recent developments in improved biosensor technology with mainstream motion-tracking hardware to measure the overall performance of human movement based on joint axis-angle representations of limb rotation. This study proposes an alternative approach to representing three-dimensional rotations using a normalized vector around which an identified joint angle defines the overall rotation, rather than a traditional Euler angle approach. Contrast the procedure of Euler angles with the procedure of Axis angle, Euler angles force the body to move along a certain route which it had arbitrarily chosen but which the body had not chosen; in fact, the body would not take any of its routes separately, though it would take all of them together in the most embarrassing manner-goal-directed behavior. But axis angle had no preconceived scheme as to the nature of the movements to be expressed. Although the axis-angle representation requires vector quotient algebra (quaternions) to define rotation, this approach may be preferred for many graphics, vision, and virtual reality software applications. Elbow flexion and extension motion was used to validate the analytical methods. The results suggest that the novel approach could reasonably predict a detailed analysis of axis-angle migration. The described algorithm could play a notable role in the biomechanical analysis of human joints and offers a harbinger of IMU-based biosensors which may assess the control of skilled manipulation.
The atmospheric input of trace species to the world ocean

Over the past decade it has become apparent that the atmosphere is a significant pathway for the transport of many natural and pollutant materials from the continents to the ocean. The atmospheric input of many of these species can have an impact (either positive or negative) on biological processes in the sea and on marine chemical cycling. For example, there is now evidence that the atmosphere may be an important transport path for such essential nutrients as iron and nitrogen in some regions. In this report we assess current data in this area, develop global scale estimates of the atmospheric fluxes of trace elements, mineral aerosol, nitrogen species, and synthetic organic compounds to the ocean; and compare the atmospheric input rates of these substances to their input via rivers. Trace elements considered were Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu, Ni, As, Hg, Sn, Al, Fe, Si, and P. Oxidized and reduced forms of nitrogen were considered, including nitrate and ammonium ions and the gaseous species NO, NO2, HNO3, and NH3. Synthetic organic compounds considered included polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), DDTs, chlordane, dieldrin, and hexachlorobenzenes (HCBs). Making this assessment was difficult because there are very few actual measurements of deposition rates of these substances to the ocean. However, there are considerably more data on the atmospheric concentrations of these species in aerosol and gaseous form. Mean concentration data for 10° × 10° ocean areas were determined from the available concentration data or from extrapolation of these data into other regions. These concentration distributions were then combined with appropriate exchange coefficients and precipitation fields to obtain the global wet and dry deposition fluxes. Careful consideration was given to atmospheric transport processes as well as to removal mechanisms and the physical and physicochemical properties of aerosols and gases. Only annual values were calculated. On a global scale atmospheric inputs are generally equal to or greater than riverine inputs, and for most species atmospheric input to the ocean is significantly greater in the northern hemisphere than in the southern hemisphere. For dissolved trace metals in seawater, global atmospheric input dominates riverine input for Pb, Cd, and Zn, and the two transport paths are roughly equal for Cu, Ni, As, and Fe. Fluxes and basin-wide deposition of trace metals are generally a factor of 5-10 higher in the North Atlantic and North Pacific regions than in the South Atlantic and South Pacific. Global input of oxidized and reduced nitrogen species are roughly equal to each other, although the major fraction of oxidized nitrogen enters the ocean in the northern hemisphere, primarily as a result of pollution sources. Reduced nitrogen species are much more uniformly distributed, suggesting that the ocean itself may be a significant source. The global atmospheric input of such synthetic organic species as HCH,PCBs, DDT, and HCB completely dominates their input via rivers.
An Evaluation of the Efficacy of a 14-18 Inch Slot Limit for Walleyes in Northern Wisconsin

The Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources enacted a 14-18 inch slot limit for walleyes in a number of lakes in northern Wisconsin in 1997 and 1998. In addition to the slot limit, only one walleye greater than 18 inches in length could be harvested. The intent of these regulations was to increase harvest on smaller walleyes while also protecting the spawning stock. The slot limit regulation was placed on lakes with walleye populations that were deemed to be abundant and slow growing, and the regulation was expected to result in a smaller fishable stock size, larger spawning stock size, lower catch rate, and higher harvest rate when compared to the statewide 15-inch minimum length limit regulation. We examined fisheries metrics obtained from creel surveys and population estimates from a number of lakes that received the slot limit regulation, both before and after the regulation was put into place, and compared them to other lakes that were sampled in the same time period but which retained the 15-inch minimum regulation to determine if management goals had been met. We also carried out a power analysis to estimate the sample size required to detect a 30% change in fisheries metrics associated with northern Wisconsin walleye populations using two-tailed paired t-tests. In general, walleye populations that received the slot limit were characterized correctly as having slow growth and relatively high density walleye populations as indicated by significantly shorter age-4 males and higher catch and harvest rates compared to lakes that retained the 15inch minimum length limit. Angler effort decreased significantly over time in all lakes. The slot limit had the effect of significantly increasing harvest per acre and decreas ing the mean length harvested. Not all of the expected outcomes were realized. Additional harvest opportunities, however, were available in lakes with the slot limit without any detectable change to the walleye populations. Sample sizes to detect a 30% change in fisheries metrics were generally high and ranged from 3 to 1,491, with a median value of 71.
Herbicide Trials for Management of Flowering Rush in Detroit Lakes, Minnesota for 2012

Executive Summary Conclusions  Field evaluations of 2012 treatments with the contact herbicide diquat have not only resulted in a decrease in aboveground biomass, but also decreases in both belowground biomass and rhizome bud density.  Diquat treatments not only significantly reduced the nuisance problem, but reduced the potential for plants to regrow and spread.  While some species declined with diquat treatments, notably elodea, leafy pondweed, clasping-leaf pondweed, sago pondweed and bladderwort; most species either did not change or increased, or otherwise followed a pattern similar to populations in reference plots.  Additional research may indicate how native plant impacts may be mitigated.  Imazapyr treatments did not statistically decrease aboveground biomass, belowground biomass, or rhizome bud density. However, insufficient time may have elapsed between treatment and posttreatment data collection to allow herbicidal activity to be fully expressed. Recommendations  Field evaluations and monitoring of diquat or other herbicides should be continued to determine if reduction in belowground biomass and rhizome bud density is repeatable.  Mesocosm studies should also be performed to ensure that diquat treatments reducing belowground biomass and rhizome bud density can be reproduced under more controlled conditions.  We recommend that other herbicide active ingredients and use patterns be evaluated under controlled conditions to determine if there are alternatives to diquat treatments, which may be field demonstrated in the future.  The following mesocosm studies are recommended: o Repeated diquat treatments to determine how many submersed treatments per year are needed to reduce rhizome bud densities. o Screening of additional contact or systemic herbicides for control of submersed plants. Control should be defined as reduction in rhizome bud density. o Foliar treatments with imazapyr or other foliar herbicides to determine if they can reduce belowground biomass and rhizome bud density. These studies should include hardstem bulrush to evaluate potential selectivity. o Granular formulations of systemic herbicides should be evaluated to determine if they will function on plants in shallow water in a similar way to the bareground applications performed for drawdown zones.
Insecticidal and Repellent Activities of Four Essential Oils Against Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Corymbia citriodora, Melaleuca alternifolia (Myrtaceae), Mentha × piperita (Lamiaceae), and Schinus terebinthifolius (Anacardiaceae) essential oils as an alternative to manage Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) adults. Methods Acute contact toxicity, acute toxicity on treated maize grain, fumigation toxicity, repellency bioassays, and GC-MS analysis of the essential oils were carried out. Results Corymbia citriodora, M. alternifolia, M. × piperita, and S. terebinthifolius oils were toxic at different levels to S. zeamais through residual contact, ingestion and via fumigation, and were also repellent to adults of this pest. Melaleuca alternifolia oil was the most active in contact (LC50 = 18.98 μL.mL−1), ingestion (LC50 = 1.03 μL.g−1), and fumigant (LC50 = 20.05 μL.L−1 air) bioassays. Citronelal (53.6% in C. citriodora), terpinen-4-ol (46.9% in M. alternifolia), menthol (44.8% in M. × piperita), and β-caryophyllene (16.2% in S terebinthifolius) are the major constituents of these oils. Conclusions Melaleuca alternifolia and M. × piperita essential oils can be used by residual contact, while those of C. citriodora, M. alternifolia, and M. × piperita by mixing with maize grains. Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil can be used as a fumigant, while those of C. citriodora and S. terebinthifolius as repellents for S. zeamais adults.
A Knowledge Graph Approach for Exploratory Search in Research Institutions

Over the past decades, research institutions have grown increasingly and consequently also their research output. This poses a significant challenge for researchers seeking to understand the research landscape of an institution. The process of exploring the research landscape of institutions has a vague information need, no precise goal, and is open-ended. Current applications are not designed to fulfill the requirements for exploratory search in research institutions. In this paper, we analyze exploratory search in research institutions and propose a knowledge graph-based approach to enhance this process.
Moving beyond an Addiction Framework for Phubbing: Unraveling the Influence of Intrinsic Motivation, Boredom, and Online Vigilance

Phubbing affects an individual’s social life and well-being. It has been found to affect romantic relationships, communication and social skills, and emotional and behavioral problems. Some relationships that phubbing has with, for example, smartphone addiction, Internet addiction, social media addiction, FoMO, and neuroticism are well known and established in the literature. However, phubbing is not exclusively reducible to addiction or personality-driven dynamics. For this reason, this study is aimed at exploring the motivations behind phubbing behavior. Firstly, the research is aimed at confirming the relationships between phubbing and technology-related addictions (e.g., social media addiction and mobile phone addiction) and personality traits (e.g., neuroticism and conscientiousness). In addition, the study is aimed at examining the relationship between phubbing and three potential individual-level factors for possible phubbing modeling: intrinsic motivation, boredom state, and online vigilance. A total of 551 participants took part in the study (mean age = 32 years; SD = 14.15 ). After confirming the relationships that phubbing has with the abovementioned variables, a hierarchical regression model was produced in order to model the phubbing phenomenon as comprehensively as possible. The final model explained approximately 72% of the variance in phubbing. The primary contributors to the explained variance were variables related to the dependent use of new technologies, dimensions of online vigilance, boredom, and intrinsic motivation for using new technologies. Sociodemographic factors and personality traits accounted for a smaller portion of the variance (3.4% and 9.1%, respectively). These findings suggest that the individual-level factors driving phubbing behavior are related to intrinsic motivation, online vigilance, and boredom, rather than sociodemographic factors or personality traits. The study encourages further research to explore and expand upon the range of motivations underlying phubbing behavior, while considering factors related to dysfunctional or addictive technology use.
Biomarkers in Acute Myocarditis and Chronic Inflammatory Cardiomyopathy: An Updated Review of the Literature

Myocarditis is a disease caused by cardiac inflammation that can progress to dilated cardiomyopathy, heart failure, and eventually death. Several etiologies, including autoimmune, drug-induced, and infectious, lead to inflammation, which causes damage to the myocardium, followed by remodeling and fibrosis. Although there has been an increasing understanding of pathophysiology, early and accurate diagnosis, and effective treatment remain challenging due to the high heterogeneity. As a result, many patients have poor prognosis, with those surviving at risk of long-term sequelae. Current diagnostic methods, including imaging and endomyocardial biopsy, are, at times, expensive, invasive, and not always performed early enough to affect disease progression. Therefore, the identification of accurate, cost-effective, and prognostically informative biomarkers is critical for screening and treatment. The review then focuses on the biomarkers currently associated with these conditions, which have been extensively studied via blood tests and imaging techniques. The information within this review was retrieved through extensive literature research conducted on major publicly accessible databases and has been collated and revised by an international panel of experts. The biomarkers discussed in the article have shown great promise in clinical research studies and provide clinicians with essential tools for early diagnosis and improved outcomes.
A Distribution Network State Estimation Method With Non-Gaussian Noise Based on Parallel Particle Filter

The particle filter (PF) algorithm is a powerful method for tackling non-Gaussian noise interference in distribution network state measurement. However, this algorithm suffers from slow solving speed and lengthy calculation time. To overcome this, a state estimation method based on parallel particle filter (PPF) is proposed, which leverages the independent computation features of each particle in the PF model to improve computational efficiency. This study utilizes the parallel architecture of Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) and General Purpose Graphics Processing Units (GPGPU) to establish a one-to-one correspondence between particles and computing threads. An improved rejecting-resampling method is introduced to solve the problem of low execution efficiency caused by unmerged access to GPGPU memory. In addition, according to the relationship between the particle number and estimation accuracy of state variable of the PPF, the optimal particle number suitable for parallel computation is solved. Ultimately, the simulation results indicate that the proposed method can be used to effectively filter the non-Gaussian-colored noises from the collected data, which meets the requirements of the distribution network state estimation for the accuracy and real-time performance.
Kinematics Based Joint-Torque Estimation Using Bayesian Particle Filters

: The aim of this paper is to estimate unknown torque in a 7-DOF industrial robot using Bayesian approach by observing the kinematic quantities. This paper utilizes two PMCMC algorithms (Particle Gibbs and Particle MH algorithms) for estimating unknown parameters of Baxter manipulator including joint torques, measurement and noise errors. The SMC technique has been used to construct the proposal distribution at each time step. The results indicate that for the Baxter manipulator, both PG and PMH algorithms perform well, but PG performs better as the estimated parameters using this technique have less deviation from the true parameters value. And this is due to sampling from parameters conditional distributions.
Knowledge Graph Completion Using Multiple Embedding Representations for Intelligent Information Extraction from Technical Reports

As a new data structure, knowledge graphs are widely used in search engines, recommendation systems, question and answer systems and other related fields. The knowledge graph is helpful to realize intelligent and digital knowledge service of nuclear power accidents, in which link prediction can solve the discovery and restoration of missing information in Knowledge graph. This is also one of the research hotspot in the field of knowledge graph applications. Currently, the text description of entity information is rarely considered in the completion of nuclear power Knowledge graph. In this paper, we propose MEK-ConvKB (Multi-Embedding Knowledge Graph Prediction based on ConvKB), a reasoning model combined with multi-embedding techniques to improve performance. The embedded expression of Knowledge graph is enhanced by text description in nuclear power accident reports, which improves the accuracy of link prediction and expands the Knowledge graph of nuclear power accidents. The results show that our model can effectively express the semantic association between entities, Our model achieved the best performance compared to the baseline methods. , which can provide a research basis for solving the discovery and restoration of missing information in knowledge graphs.
Geographic variation in the Yellow Warblers (Dendroica petechia, Parulidae) of the Pacific Coast of Middle and South America

—Three new subspecies of Dendroica petechia are described from Panama and Colombia and the characters and distribution of related forms from the Pacific coast are discussed. D. p. aithocorys n. subsp. occurs on the Pacific coast of western Panama. D. p. iguanae n. subsp. is confined to tiny Isla Iguana off the Azuero Peninsula, Panama. D. p.jubaris n. subsp. occurs from Darien, Panama, to Buenaventura, Colombia, and specimens cited herein are the first to be identified from the Pacific coast of Colombia
DEA Approaches for Multiperiod Two-Level Production and Distribution Planning Problems

This paper extends the idea presented in Nishizaki et al. (2022) to address a multi-period two-level production and distribution planning problem in supply chain management. The leader is a distributor and the follower is a manufacturer, with input-output data observed over multiple periods. A Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) production problem is formulated to correspond to the manufacturer's production planning problem. Due to the multi-period nature of the problem, uncertain demands are anticipated and a two-stage model with simple recourse is employed to manage discrepancies between supply and demand. The validity of the proposed DEA approaches is demonstrated through computational experiments.
Insights into the relationship between serum uric acid and pulmonary hypertension (Review)

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive lethal disease, which is characterized by abnormal vascular remodeling and persistently elevated pulmonary artery pressure, eventually leading to right heart failure and even death. Although great progress has been made in treating PH, the mortality rate remains high. Metabolic disorders are one of the important hallmarks of PH. Obesity, lipids, glucose tolerance and insulin resistance are risk factors for numerous cardiovascular diseases and are often accompanied by a considerable increase in serum uric acid (SUA) concentrations. Uric acid (UA) is the end product of purine nucleotide metabolism and is closely related to cardiovascular diseases including PH. Hyperuricemia promotes the development and progression of PH through endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, inflammatory responses and activation of the renin-angiotensin system. In the present review, the advancements in knowledge about UA metabolism and PH, and the current understanding of the potential interactions and mechanisms of SUA in PH were systematically summarized, which may provide new insights into the pathogenesis of PH.
Genomic assembly, characterization, and quantification of DICER-like gene family in Okra plants under dehydration conditions

Background Okra is a plant farmed for its pods, leaves, and stems all of which are edible. It is famous for its ability to tolerate long desiccation periods. It belongs to the Malvaceae family and is a sister species to hibiscus, cotton, and cacao plants. Methods In the current study, okra plants were used as a model to sequence, assemble, and analyze the evolutionary and functional characteristics of the Dicer-like protein gene family (DCL) based on DNAseq and qPCR techniques. Results Four Dicer-like (DCL) single-copy genes of the okra plant Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench (AeDCL) were successfully assembled. The lengths of the AeDCL copies were 8,494, 5,214, 4,731, and 9,329 bp. The detected exons in these samples ranged from a single exon in AeDCL3 to 24 exons in AeDCL4. AeDCLs had five functional domains of two DEAD-like helicase superfamilies, N and C; one Dicer domain; one ribonuclease III domain (a and b); and one double-stranded RNA-binding domain. The PAZ domain was completely annotated only for AeDCL1 and AeDCL3. All AeDCLs were up-regulated under drought conditions, with leaves showing more extensive fold changes than roots. The study focused on a comprehensive genome-wide identification and analysis of the DCL gene family in naturally drought-tolerant okra plants, an orphan crop that can be used as a model for further genomic and transcriptomic studies on drought-tolerance mechanisms in plants.