Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Lower dietary intake of magnesium is associated with more callous–unemotional traits in children

ABSTRACT Background: Although researchers increasingly recognize the role of nutrition in mental health, little research has examined specific micronutrient intake in relation to antisocial behavior and callous–unemotional (CU) traits in children. Vitamin B6 and magnesium are involved in neurochemical processes implicated in modulating antisocial behavior and CU traits. The current study examined dietary intakes of magnesium and vitamin B6 in relation to antisocial behavior and CU traits. Method : We enrolled 11–12 year old children (n = 446, mean age = 11.9 years) participating in the Healthy Brains and Behavior Study. Magnesium and vitamin B6 dietary intake were assessed with three 24-hour dietary recall interviews in children. CU traits and antisocial behavior were assessed by caregiver-reported questionnaires. We controlled for age, sex, race, total energy intake, body mass index, social adversity, ADHD or learning disability diagnosis, and internalizing behavior in all regression analyses. Results: Children with lower magnesium intake had higher levels of CU traits, controlling for covariates (β = −0.18, B = −0.0066, SE = 0.0027, p < 0.05). Vitamin B6 intake was not significantly associated with CU traits (β = 0.061, B = 0.19, SE = 0.20, p > 0.05). Neither magnesium (β = 0.014, B = 0.0020, SE = 0.0093, p > 0.05) nor vitamin B6 (β = 0.025, B = 0.33, SE = 0.70, p > 0.05) were significantly associated with antisocial behavior. Conclusions: Findings suggest that low dietary intake of magnesium may play a role in the etiology of CU traits but not general antisocial behavior. More studies are needed to determine if magnesium supplementation or diets higher in magnesium could improve CU traits in children.
Lumbar motor control training as a complementary treatment for chronic neck pain: A randomized controlled trial

Objective: We investigated whether adding lumbar motor control training with a pressure biofeedback unit improves outcomes of a conservative deep cervical flexor motor control program on neck pain, neck disability, deep cervical flexor endurance, and health status in middle-aged patients with chronic neck pain and forward head posture after eight weeks of interventions. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Setting: Outpatient setting. Subjects and interventions: A total of 113 males and females (mean age 39 ± 5 years) with chronic neck pain were randomized to three treatment groups, group 1 (n = 38) combined deep cervical flexor motor-control training and lumbar motor control exercise, group 2 (n = 37) deep cervical flexor motor control training alone, and group 3 (n = 38) passive treatment and education. Main outcome measures: Pain, neck disability, deep cervical flexor muscular endurance, and health status. Results: There were significant improvements in the combination group compared with the deep cervical flexor motor-control group alone (d = 2.03, 95% confidence interval (CI): −2.8 to −1.27, P = 0.021) for pain (d = −0.99, 95% CI = −1.75 to −0.23, P = 0.023), disability (d = 1.92, 95% CI = 0.86 to 2.98, P = 0.001), deep cervical flexor endurance, and (d = −2.75, 95% CI = −8.81 to −1.68, P = 0.037) for health status favoring the combination group. There were significant between-group differences favoring both active groups versus the passive control in all out comes. Conclusion: The addition of Lumbar motor control training as a complementary treatment may enhance effectiveness of deep cervical flexor motor control training on neck pain, neck disability, and deep cervical flexor endurance in patients with chronic moderate neck pain and forward head posture.
Mental health and school absenteeism in children with long-term physical conditions: A secondary analysis of the British Child and Adolescent Mental Health Surveys 2004 and 2007.

BACKGROUND Children and young people (CYP) with long-term physical conditions (LTCs) are more likely to have poorer mental health and more school absenteeism compared to CYP with no LTCs. However, there is limited longitudinal research and the extent to which these difficulties persist in CYP with LTCs is unknown. Furthermore, little is known about the relative impact of different types of LTC on mental health and absenteeism. METHODS We investigated cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of different LTCs with mental health and school absenteeism in a large (N=7,977) nationally representative survey of CYP in Great Britain and its three-year follow-up. Psychopathology was assessed using the parent-reported Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), and diagnosis of any psychiatric disorder using the Development and Wellbeing Assessment (DAWBA). Days absent and persistent absence (missing 10% or more of school days) were reported by parents. RESULTS Compared to those with no LTCs, CYP with any LTC had higher SDQ total difficulties scores at baseline (adjusted mean difference 1.4, 1.1-1.6) and follow-up (1.1, 0.8-1.4), and were more likely to have a psychiatric disorder at baseline (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.59, 1.34-1.89) and follow-up (1.75, 1.44-2.12). Children with any LTC also missed more days of school at baseline (adjusted incidence rate ratio 1.47, 1.31-1.64) and follow-up (1.17, 1.00-1.36), and were more likely to be persistently absent (aOR baseline 1.78, 1.48-2.14; follow-up 1.27, 1.00-1.61). Neurodevelopmental disorders, migraines and atopic conditions were particularly strongly associated with both mental health and absenteeism. CONCLUSIONS Children with LTCs had poorer mental health and more school absence than those with no LTCs. Clinicians should routinely enquire about mental health and school attendance in CYP with LTCs and should collaborate with families and schools to ensure these children are provided with sufficient mental health and educational support.
Eupafolin Suppresses P/Q-Type Ca2+ Channels to Inhibit Ca2+/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II and Glutamate Release at Rat Cerebrocortical Nerve Terminals

Eupafolin, a constituent of the aerial parts of Phyla nodiflora, has neuroprotective property. Because reducing the synaptic release of glutamate is crucial to achieving pharmacotherapeutic effects of neuroprotectants, we investigated the effect of eupafolin on glutamate release in rat cerebrocortical synaptosomes and explored the possible mechanism. We discovered that eupafolin depressed 4-aminopyridine (4-AP)-induced glutamate release, and this phenomenon was prevented in the absence of extracellular calcium. Eupafolin inhibition of glutamate release from synaptic vesicles was confirmed through measurement of the release of the fluorescent dye FM 1-43. Eupafolin decreased 4-AP-induced [Ca2+]i elevation and had no effect on synaptosomal membrane potential. The inhibition of P/Q-type Ca2+ channels reduced the decrease in glutamate release that was caused by eupafolin, and docking data revealed that eupafolin interacted with P/Q-type Ca2+ channels. Additionally, the inhibition of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) prevented the effect of eupafolin on evoked glutamate release. Eupafolin also reduced the 4-AP-induced activation of CaMK II and the subsequent phosphorylation of synapsin I, which is the main presynaptic target of CaMKII. Therefore, eupafolin suppresses P/Q-type Ca2+ channels and thereby inhibits CaMKII/synapsin I pathways and the release of glutamate from rat cerebrocortical synaptosomes.
Quantitative Electron-Excited X-ray Microanalysis With Low-Energy L-shell X-ray Peaks Measured With Energy-Dispersive Spectrometry

Abstract Quantification of electron-exited X-ray spectra following the standards-based “k-ratio” (unknown/standard intensity) protocol with corrections for “matrix effects” (electron energy loss and backscattering, X-ray absorption, and secondary X-ray fluorescence) is a well-established method with a record of rigorous testing and extensive experience. Two recent studies by Gopon et al. working in the Fe–Si system and Llovet et al. working in the Ni–Si system have renewed interest in studying the accuracy of measurements made using L-shell X-ray peaks. Both have reported unexpectedly large deviations in analytical accuracy when analyzing intermetallic compounds when using the low photon energy Fe or Ni L-shell X-ray peaks with pure element standards and wavelength-dispersive X-ray spectrometry. This study confirms those observations on the Ni-based intermetallic compounds using energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry and extends the study of analysis with low photon energy L-shell peaks to a wide range of elements, Ti to Se. Within this range of elements, anomalies in analytical accuracy have been found for Fe, Co, and Ge in addition to Ni. For these elements, the use of compound standards instead of pure elements usually resulted in significantly improved analytical accuracy. However, compound standards do not always provide satisfactory accuracy as is demonstrated for L-shell peak analysis in the Fe–S system: FeS and FeS2 unexpectedly do not provide good accuracy when used as mutual standards.
Predicting thermodynamic and transport parameters for metal contaminant sorption to hydrated metal oxides in aquatic systems

PREDICTING THERMODYNAMIC AND TRANSPORT PARAMETERS FOR METAL CONTAMINANT SORPTION TO HYDRATED METAL OXIDES IN AQUATIC SYSTEMS by Pa ras Trivedi Hydrated oxides such as HAO, FIFO, goethite, and HMO are prevalent in soils and sediments as discrete particles or as coatings. These microporous oxides have large surface areas and high affinity for metal ions, and hence they act as both a sink and a source for anthropogenically released metal contaminants. To better understand risks posed by metals in the environment and to develop effective waste management programs, mechanistic models are needed to accurately predict their fate in soils and
Clinical presentation and serological diagnosis of syphilis reinfection in men living with HIV: a retrospective cohort study

Objectives Studies on the characteristics of syphilis reinfection are scarce despite increasing numbers and proportions of cases. We aimed to gain insights into the clinical and serological presentation of reinfected men living with HIV and to evaluate diagnostic criteria for syphilis reinfection. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 259 HIV-positive men diagnosed with syphilis between January 1999 and September 2015 at the University Hospital Zurich. We compared patients with a single syphilis infection (n=109) to patients with reinfections (n=150). Results The two groups matched in age, sexual orientation and numbers of other STIs. Reinfected patients more often presented with latent syphilis than patients with a single syphilis episode (41.9% vs 8.9%; p<0.001). Although generally high venereal diseases research laboratory (VDRL) or rapid plasma reagin (RPR) titres (median 1:32) were seen in reinfected patients, 19.4% had titres ≤1:8. Treponema pallidum passive particle agglutination (TPPA) titres were significantly higher (1:81 840 vs 1:10 240; p<0.001), while IgM values were significantly lower (1.27 vs 3.5; p<0.001) in syphilis reinfections than in first infections. The TPPA increased ≥fourfold in >92.3% of reinfected patients. Conclusions Our data highlight the paramount importance of regularly screening patients at risk as syphilis reinfections in men living with HIV are more likely to be latent infections, that is, without symptoms. As non-treponemal tests might be biologically false-positive (up to a titre of 1:8) due to various conditions, a ≥fourfold increase of the TPPA might be considered as optional criterion for the diagnosis of syphilis reinfections. This could be especially valuable for diagnosing reinfected latent stage patients.
Can feeding strategies alter immune signaling and gut sepsis in critical illness?

The insult necessitating admission to the intensive care unit propels the patient along a course involving increasing oxidative stress, immune dysregulation, and adverse outcomes. As the largest immune organ with the greatest microbial burden, the gastrointestinal tract may change the speed and direction the patient follows along this pathway. The gut's influence is mediated by a complex process of cross-talk immune signaling between the intestinal epithelium, the liver, and the microbiome. Agents which invoke this response vary from mitochondrial DNA, inflammatory cytokines, and bacterial organisms to short chain fatty acids and bile salts. The site of action of these agents again varies widely from Pattern Recognition Receptors, G protein receptors, and Farnesoid X receptors in the gut and liver to transcriptional factors in epithelial cells, hepatocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils. While the initial focus of response may be local within the gastrointestinal tract and liver, the process extends in a systemic manner to affect immune tissue and various organs at distant sites. The gut can modulate this cross-talk signaling through numerous strategies in design of nutritional therapy. The physiologic response to luminal nutrients and short chain fatty acids, and more novel approaches like use phosphorylated polyethylene glycol, bovine serum-derived immunoglobulin, and specialized pro-resolving molecules may help slow disease progression and even reverse the patient's course toward one of health and recovery. The optimal benefit to be derived from nutritional therapy may have more to do with the degree to which immune cross-talk signaling can be modified by such innovative strategies. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
The influence of the ethical climate on procedural justice and organizational commitment: the interaction of budgetary participation

Revista de Contabilidade e Organizações Januário José Monteiroa, Daiane Antonini Bortoluzzia, Rogério João Lunkesa, Fabricia Silva da Rosaa Corresponding author: Tel. +55 (48) 3721-9000 E-mail: januariomonteiromonteiro@gmail.com (J. J. Monteiro); daianeantonini@gmail.com (D. A. Bortoluzzi); rogeriolunkes@hotmail.com (R. J. Lunkes); fabriciasrosa@hotmail.com (F. S. da Rosa) Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Sócio-Econômico, Departamento de Ciências Contábeis. Campus Universitário Reitor João David Ferreira Lima, Trindade Florianópolis/SC 88040970, Brazil. www.rco. usp.br Journal of Accounting and Organizations Copyright © 2021 FEA-RP/USP. All rights reserved
ENHANCED FINGERPRINT CLASSIFICATION BASED ON COMPRESSED GIST ON DWT

: In this paper, we propose enhanced fingerprint recognition based on compressed GIST concept on DWT. The fingerprint database of FVC 2004 is considered to test the proposed algorithm and only fingerprint part in an image is cropped and Histogram Equalization (HE) is applied. The cropped HE image is resized to 400 x 400 and Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) is used to convert spatial domain to transform domain with low and high frequency bands. The low-frequency LL-band of size 200 x 200 is considered by discarding the high frequency bands of LH, HL and HH of each size 200 x 200 to enhance image quality with reduced dimensionality. The GIST concept is used on LL band to obtain final features. The Support Vector Machine (SV M) is used to classify images in the database. It is seen that the recognition rate of proposed method is better compared to the existing methods.
Florigen sequestration in cellular membranes modulates temperature-responsive flowering

Description Linking flowering to ambient temperature In the small mustard plant Arabidopsis, the florigen FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) mobilizes to initiate flowering at the shoot apical meristem. Susila et al. now show that FT, which is produced in leaf cells, can be held in reserve if ambient temperatures are not favorable (see the Perspective by Jaillais and Parcy). At low temperatures, FT binds a membrane phosopholipid and is thus restricted in mobility. At higher temperatures, such binding is less favored, and FT is released to mobilize into the shoot apical meristem to drive flowering. Thus, temperature-sensitive lipid binding helps the plant time flowering with favorable ambient temperatures. —PJH Temperature-dependent sequestration of florigen into lipid membranes links time of flowering to ambient temperature. Plants respond to temperature changes by modulating florigen activity to optimize the timing of flowering. We show that the Arabidopsis thaliana mobile florigen FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) interacts with the negatively charged phospholipid phosphatidylglycerol (PG) at cellular membranes and binds the lipid bilayer. Perturbing PG biosynthesis in phloem companion cells leads to temperature-insensitive early flowering. Low temperatures facilitate FT sequestration in the cellular membrane of the companion cell, thus reducing soluble FT levels and delaying flowering. A mutant in PHOSPHATIDYLGLYCEROLPHOSPHATE SYNTHASE 1 accumulates more soluble FT at lower temperatures and exhibits reduced temperature sensitivity. Thus, cellular membranes sequester FT through their ability to bind the phospholipid PG, and this sequestration modulates the plant’s response to temperature changes.
Neurorobotic fusion of prosthetic touch, kinesthesia, and movement in bionic upper limbs promotes intrinsic brain behaviors

Description Multiperspective analysis reveals neurorobotic sensory and motor fusion in a bionic system promotes intrinsic neural behaviors. Bionic prostheses have restorative potential. However, the complex interplay between intuitive motor control, proprioception, and touch that represents the hallmark of human upper limb function has not been revealed. Here, we show that the neurorobotic fusion of touch, grip kinesthesia, and intuitive motor control promotes levels of behavioral performance that are stratified toward able-bodied function and away from standard-of-care prosthetic users. This was achieved through targeted motor and sensory reinnervation, a closed-loop neural-machine interface, coupled to a noninvasive robotic architecture. Adding touch to motor control improves the ability to reach intended target grasp forces, find target durometers among distractors, and promote prosthetic ownership. Touch, kinesthesia, and motor control restore balanced decision strategies when identifying target durometers and intrinsic visuomotor behaviors that reduce the need to watch the prosthetic hand during object interactions, which frees the eyes to look ahead to the next planned action. The combination of these three modalities also enhances error correction performance. We applied our unified theoretical, functional, and clinical analyses, enabling us to define the relative contributions of the sensory and motor modalities operating simultaneously in this neural-machine interface. This multiperspective framework provides the necessary evidence to show that bionic prostheses attain more human-like function with effective sensory-motor restoration.
South Africa’s 2003–2013 credit boom and bust: Lessons for macroprudential policy

ABSTRACT We evaluate South African financial stability policy from 2003 to 2013 – the country’s most significant credit boom and bust cycle. This cycle overlapped with both rising bank capital adequacy ratios and the global financial crisis of 2007/8. We use a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model to identify South African Reserve Bank (SARB) interventions and run counterfactual policy scenarios. We document two instances of policy inaction. Our counterfactual scenarios suggest that, with the benefit of hindsight, the SARB took the correct steps to raise capital requirements during the credit boom, but could have persisted with raising capital requirements for longer (past 2004), and could have adopted a looser policy stance after the global financial crisis to mitigate the credit bust. Our findings reaffirm the importance of counter-cyclical action, the usefulness of bank capital as a buffer against unexpected shocks to build financial sector resilience, and the need for independent but close coordination between monetary and macroprudential policy. In addition, because of structural differences between household and firm credit, the SARB should consider buttressing the uniform countercyclical capital buffer with sector-specific capital requirements.
The New Urban Displacements? Finance-Led Capitalism, Austerity, and Rental Housing Dynamics

As this was written, 81,664 households were on the active waiting list for social housing in the City of Toronto (City of Toronto, 2021). While this number was down from the 100,515 people listed as being on the waiting list at the end of 2018, the City’s records show that the decline was not due to people being housed. Instead, the drop occurred because 25,297 people had been waiting on the list so long (many more than a decade) they could no longer be immediately located – their “active status” was therefore “cancelled” by the City in the second quarter of 2019. At the average rate of 2,839 people housed per year (3,262 in 2017; 2,898 in 2018; 2,966 in 2019, and only 2,228 in 2020), the waiting list of 81,664 households will take over 28 years to clear – and that is only if new households do not apply. But a typical quarter sees around 5,000 new households apply, and that is only for the central City. The surrounding suburbs, with a majority of greater Toronto’s population, face a similar crisis. Dramatically rising housing costs in recent years (Walks, 2020) have made affordability a mainstream issue in Toronto, with many long-term tenants facing rent increases and eviction notices (August, 2020; Hawes & Grisdale, 2020). Meanwhile, the COVID-19 pandemic that struck in 2020 has been associated with job loss and rising homelessness. So, the underlying need for lowincome rental housing has risen, not receded. This need is also highest amongst racialized, gendered and low-income tenants, especially for single-parents, migrants, and refugees – many of whom are low-wage, low-skilled workers employed in the tertiary sector in urban spaces (Leon & Iveniuk, 2020). This story is not unique to Toronto; displacements are occurring in many cities around the world. In her recent book, Urban Displacements, Soederberg (2021) discussed the processes, practices and structures underpinning urban displacement of racialized and gendered surplus populations (underand unemployed) across several European cities. One such urban space is Berlin. This city is not only the capital of one of the wealthiest countries in the world, with a relatively generous welfare system, it also holds the dubious title of the homeless capital of Germany. In this city where 85% of 3.5 million inhabitants rent as opposed to own their homes, steady and spectacular rental increases have locked low-income workers out of affordable and adequate housing over the past