Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Factors that influence regional resilience planning in Central Karoo, South Africa

Applied in various disciplines, the concept of resilience has become a catchword in academic and policy discourse across the world. Despite the rapidly growing interest, there is a dearth of literature on resilience in the context of rural areas. To contribute towards extending the existing knowledge, this article analyses factors that influenced the low levels of incorporation of regional resilience in the plans (spatial development frameworks [SDFs]) that guide planning and development in a rural region of Central Karoo, South Africa. The study that the article draws upon revolved around qualitative interviews conducted with seven key informants who were knowledgeable about social, economic and environmental challenges as well as planning and development in the Central Karoo region. The semi-structured interviews were conducted through the online platform of Microsoft Teams. Against the background of low levels of incorporation of regional resilience in the plans that have a bearing on planning and development in the Central Karoo region, it was discovered that the lack of knowledge, financial and human resource constraints and a lack of synergy between different stakeholders were the main reasons for the inadequate incorporation of regional resilience in the subject SDFs. To improve this state of affairs, it is recommended that the stakeholders in the region be empowered on matters pertaining to regional resilience. In terms of empirical research, it is recommended that future studies go beyond the analysis of the content of plans in the manner of this article and analyse the actual regional resilience of rural areas.
Understanding the effects of social news use on citizen participation among young Singaporean adults: A communication mediation model approach

ABSTRACT Adopting the Orientation–Stimuli–Reasoning–Orientation – Response (OSROR) communication mediation framework, this survey study examines the mediating roles of communication processes and political orientations on the relationship between social news consumption and offline/online citizen participation among young adults in Singapore. Findings through regression and mediation analyses indicate that the relationship between social news consumption and offline/online citizen participation was mediated by communication processes in social news production and interpersonal discussion, as well as efficacy. Social news participation only mediated the relationship between social news consumption and online citizen participation, whereas public affairs knowledge was not found to have a significant effect on either citizen participatory measure. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.
Face Age Estimation using Shortcut Identity Connection of Convolutional Neural Network

—Depletion of skin and muscle tone has a considerable impact on the appearance of the face, which is constantly evolving. Algorithms necessitate a large number of aging faces for this purpose. Another popular deep learning technique is convolutional neural networks. In a recent study, many computer vision and pattern recognition problems have been successfully tackled using it. But these methods have architectural issues (e.g., the training process) that have a negative impact on their age estimation performance. As a result, a whole new approach is proposed in this research to address the issue. Using a convolutional neural network framework and resnet50 architecture, researchers were able to detect the age of a human face. This proposed shortcut identity connection strategy, which enables age estimation from the face image, has improved the success of the resnet50 architecture. To be able to tell a person's age from a picture of their face, it was important to know the characteristics of aging. As a result, the rhetorical classification method, which employs the resnet50 structure, is used to shift the face aging levels to a probability level. All of the 50 layers in the proposed residual network have a residual block that connects them. As far as face-aging databases go, ImageNet and FG-NET are both good choices for the proposed age estimation process. In the training session, the experiment results are 2.27 and 2.38, based mostly on the mean absolute error. The test accuracy results for the ImageNet dataset are 81.75% with the FG-NET dataset and 57% with the ImageNet dataset.
BERT_LF: A Similar Case Retrieval Method Based on Legal Facts

With the development of smart justice in China, the Supreme People’s Court implements the system of compulsory retrieval for similar cases continuously and comprehensively, more and more judicial big data has been continuously disclosed, and the application of case retrieval is more extensive, and then, the accuracy of similar case search results needs to be urgently improved. Legal case retrieval is a special search task; for a given query case, it refers to the searching for similar cases. Different from traditional text search, legal case retrieval has different characteristics and greater challenges, for its query case is longer and more complex than common keyword queries and short article queries. In addition, the definition of dependencies between query cases and candidate cases differs from general dependencies based on text or topic. In order to solve these problems, we propose a method for similarity case retrieval based on the legal facts, and our model combine the topic distribution and legal entity facts to make the document representation vector more suitable for legal scenarios. At the same time, the method of paragraph aggregation based on BERT is used to encode context semantic information and solve the problem of long text. The experimental results show that our method is superior to the existing method.
Effects of Acute Potassium Chloride Administration on Ventricular Dysrhythmias after Myocardial Infarction in a Rat Model of Ischemia/Reperfusion

Background: Acute myocardial infarction is an important cause of morbidity. This study aimed to investigate the effects of the administration of potassium chloride (KCl) on reperfusion-induced injuries in a rat model of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion. Methods: Thirty-six male Wistar rats, weighing 200 to 250 g, were randomly assigned to 3 experimental groups: control, K1 (10 µg/kg of KCl), and K2 (20 µg/kg of KCl). Twenty minutes before ischemia, a single dose of 10 and 20 µg/kg of KCl was intraperitoneally administered in the K1 and K2 groups, respectively. The coronary artery was occluded for 30 minutes (ischemia); thereafter, it was opened for 60 minutes (reperfusion) to measure hemodynamic parameters and ventricular arrhythmias. Blood sampling was performed after the reperfusion period to determine the serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase, troponin I, creatine kinase (CK)-MB, malondialdehyde, and pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance. Results: Serological parameters significantly decreased in the potassium groups compared with the control group. In particular, the decline was more pronounced for the serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase (1180.25±69.48 vs 1556.67±77.02 U/L; P=0.011), troponin I (21.98±0.61 vs 28.76±1.65 ng/mL; P=0.020), and pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance (15.51±0.72 vs 20.63±1.42 HK; P=0.041) in the K2 group compared with the K1 group. Moreover, the administration of 20 µg/kg of KCl significantly decreased the incidence of ventricular tachycardias and fibrillations compared with the control group (P=0.002). Additionally, no considerable differences were observed between the control group and the groups with 10 µg/kg and 20 µg/kg of KCl regarding the number of ventricular ectopic beats. Conclusion: The administration of KCl before ischemia could reduce ventricular arrhythmias and reperfusion-induced injuries by reducing oxidative stress.
Abnormal Stock Returns, the Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia

Indonesia has been struck by the Covid-19 outbreak, which has affected a variety of industries. This study provides decision-makers with up-to-date findings on the reaction to abnormal stock returns before and during the covid-19 pandemic. This study was carried out using a quantitative-comparative approach. Because it has the most liquid liquidity level on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, the LQ 45 business was chosen. Data observations were conducted from the end of February 2020 (Normal Conditions) on February 26, 27, and 28 to early March 2020 on March 3, 4, and 5 (Pandemic Covid-19). According to the findings of the data test, there are disparities in anomalous returns at LQ 45 enterprises in Indonesia before and after the Covid-19 pandemic. This conclusion offers a different investment strategy, which involves selecting investment items that are often chosen by individual investors. This suggestion is because the values of these items are consistent over a long period. Investments in property are also a fantastic strategy to use during the current global economic recovery.
Commercial building ventilation rates and particle concentrations

Ventilation rates have been measured in 38 commercial buildings representing a variety of use types, sizes, ages, and mechanical system configurations. A single tracer (SF 6 ) test was conducted once in 36 buildings over a two- to four-hour period based on mechanical system operation for a prior two-week period. Two buildings were tested twice under different environmental conditions. These values reveal that four of the 13 buildings have minimum ventilation rates that are less than the ASHRAE ventilation standard for smoking occupancies. Several pollutants were monitored in the buildings for 10-day periods during working hours. The polluant group that most frequently approached or exceeded recognized guidelines was respirable suspended particles; the elevated concentrations were usually associated with nearby tobacco smoking
Characteristics of the Sediment Gravity Flow Triggered by Wave-Induced Liquefaction on a Sloping Silty Seabed: An Experimental Investigation

The sloping silty sediments in estuarine deltas are frequently affected by extreme storms, and they are prone to liquefaction instability. The unstable liquefied sediments of the slopes can subsequently form a sediment gravity flow (SGF), which can seriously endanger offshore engineering facilities. To better understand the characteristics and mechanism of wave-induced liquefied sediment gravity flow (WILSGF), a flume experiment was conducted to reproduce the formation, movement, and deposition processes of the WILSGF and analyze their controlling factors using natural silty sediment samples collected from the Yellow River Delta in China. The results show that the mass of the WILSGF comes from the sediment in the liquefied layer, and the movement of the WILSGF in these experiments was significantly affected by the wave orbital velocity and the relative outflow position. At the initial stage of the formation of the WILSGF, the phase and amplitude of the WILSGF were the same as those of waves, and the maximum velocity of the WILSGF reached 2.39 cm/s. The velocity of the WILSGF decreased continuously with the downward evolution of the liquefaction interface. When the liquefaction depth reached its maximum value, there was no WILSGF. We also found that the median particle size of the WILSGF was greater than that of the original seabed due to wave-induced seabed coarsening and the intrusion of ambient water. This study has guiding significance for in-depth understanding and prediction of the geological hazards caused by WILSGF.
Use of Neem products in groundnut pest management in India

Indiscriminate use of synthetic pesticides in the groundnut ecosystem lead to killing of useful organisms, contamination in the food chain, pollution in the air and water. Though neem is indigenous to India, has been in limited use in the agricultural ecosystem. The potential of the neem as pesticides has been verified in groundnut crop by few researchers in India. The mortality of jassids, aphids, leaf miner in groundnut, action on hairy caterpillars are reported in literature. The negative aspects of neem as pesticides have also been reported. Integrated pest management includes a judicious blend of a multi-pronged approach either reducing the incidence or delaying the build up of the intensity of insect complex. So far, the work done in groundnut ecosystem has been reviewed in this article.
Attitude and Altitude Control of Quadrotor Carrying a Suspended Payload using Genetic Algorithm

The need for quick airborne transportation is critical, especially in emergencies. Drones with suspended payloads might be used to accomplish quick airborne transportation. Due to the environment or the drone's motion, the slung load may oscillate and lead the drone to fall. The altitude and attitude controls are the backbones of the drone's stability, and they must be adequately designed. Because of their symmetrical and simple structure, quadrotor helicopters are one of the most popular drone classes. In this work, a genetic algorithm with two weighted terms fitness function is used to adjust a Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller to compensate for the altitude and attitude controllers in a quadrotor drone with a slung load.
Effects of a Video-Based Intervention on Emotion Recognition for Children With Autism Who Have Limited Speech in China

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have difficulties with emotion recognition and a number of interventions have been designed to address this problem. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of video-based intervention (The Transporters) on emotion recognition in four children (aged 4–8 years old) with ASD who have limited speech in China. This study employed a multiple baseline across participants. The results indicated that the video-based intervention effectively improved emotion recognition in all children with limited speech. However, there was a limited effect in the generalization phase after 7 and 15 days completing the intervention phase. Results of this study have important implications for early intervention educators working with children with ASD.
SP 800-77. Guide to IPsec VPNs

IPsec is a framework of open standards for ensuring private communications over public networks. It has become the most common network layer security control, typically used to create a virtual private network (VPN). A VPN is a virtual network, built on top of existing physical networks, that can provide a secure communications mechanism for data and control information transmitted between networks. VPNs are used most often to protect communications carried over public networks such as the Internet. A VPN can provide several types of data protection, including confidentiality, integrity, data origin authentication, replay protection and access control. Although VPNs can reduce the risks of networking, they cannot totally eliminate them. This document discusses the need for network layer security and introduces the concept of virtual private networking (VPN). It covers the fundamentals of IPsec, focusing on its primary components: the Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP), the Authentication Header (AH), and the Internet Key Exchange (IKE). It describes issues to be considered during IPsec planning and implementation. It also discusses several alternatives to IPsec and describes when each method may be appropriate. Several case studies are presented, that show how IPsec could be used in various scenarios. It ends with a brief discussion of future directions for IPsec. The document contains an IPsec-related bibliography and lists of print and online resources and tools that may be useful for IPsec planning and implementation.
A reference-free image quality assessment method based on saliency regions

In order to effectively evaluate the quality score of blurred images, a reference-free blurred image quality evaluation method based on saliency regions is proposed. The method first calculates the saliency value of the image through the improved SDSP algorithm, and uses the improved adaptive threshold to binarize the image to extract the saliency region of the image; then, the image is re-blurred with a Gaussian low-pass filter to obtain the reference image, At the same time, the similarity of the blur detection probability of the salient region of the image before and after re-blurring and the similarity of the standard deviation of the image before and after re-blurring are calculated; finally, the two are fused to obtain the final evaluation result of the image. Compared with the recognized excellent evaluation methods in the LIVE and CSIQ image databases, the comparison results show that the algorithm in this paper is superior to the traditional excellent evaluation methods, and has high versatility and accuracy.
Software family detection based on behavior analysis

With the development of network technology, information security faces many threats. Malware shows an explosive growth trend, malware variants also emerge in endlessly, and malware detection is currently one of the necessary means to ensure information security. This paper conducts a detailed investigation on the malware detection mechanism based on behavior analysis, and introduces three types of malicious software detection technology, including methods based on statistics, methods based on system call graph, and methods based on structures. Generally, the goal of network intrusion and system intrusion is to steal sensitive information, such as file modification, or even controlling the host to perform remote attacks. Most of these operations require functions provided by the kernel layer, so it is inevitable to use multiple system calls. In addition, malicious behavior can be detected to a large extent by monitoring the execution of system calls. This paper introduces the detection technology based on system call graph, including function call graph method, control flow graph method, and data flow graph method. The paper also discusses the features of advanced detection technology based on system call graph. Moreover, the paper analyzes the data set, modeling language and evaluation performance index used for system call graph based detection technology, which will help security researchers evaluate the applicability and limitations of detection algorithms to identify malicious behaviors, so as to design more efficient detection strategies. Finally, this paper clarifies the role of features in malicious behavior identification and the characteristics of various detection methods, which can help security researchers to break through the limitations of traditional detection technology.
Reconstruction of Mandatory General Courses as General Education

—Reconstruction Research Public Compulsory Courses as General Education at the Implementation Level in the Department of General Education UPI aims to identify a portrait of general education at the University of Education in Indonesia which includes elements of general education in the vision of education, philosophy or basic principles of general education development and what lecturers do MKWU in creating and implementing silabi, creating an atmosphere of classroom education and evaluation of learning at the Indonesian Education University- analyze the implementation of MKWU at the Indonesian Education University in developing good citizens- and explore the efforts of MKWU lecturers at Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia in operationalizing MKWU which can develop good citizens. The research method used is a mixed method with reference to Cresswell (1994). The design of this study uses a less dominant and qualitative quantitative quantitative approach, both of which are carried out simultaneously. Quantitative research is carried out through a survey method that is identifying and describing the characteristics of research subjects in natural conditions as they are. The research subjects were students participating in the General Compulsory Course (MKWU) who had graduated or who were attending lectures in even semester 2017-2018 and odd semester 2018 – 2019.
Signal Transduction Regulators in Axonal Regeneration

Intracellular signal transduction in response to growth factor receptor activation is a fundamental process during the regeneration of the nervous system. In this context, intracellular inhibitors of neuronal growth factor signaling have become of great interest in the recent years. Among them are the prominent signal transduction regulators Sprouty (SPRY) and phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN), which interfere with major signaling pathways such as extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) or phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt in neurons and glial cells. Furthermore, SPRY and PTEN are themselves tightly regulated by ubiquitin ligases such as c-casitas b-lineage lymphoma (c-CBL) or neural precursor cell expressed developmentally down-regulated protein 4 (NEDD4) and by different microRNAs (miRs) including miR-21 and miR-222. SPRY, PTEN and their intracellular regulators play an important role in the developing and the lesioned adult central and peripheral nervous system. This review will focus on the effects of SPRY and PTEN as well as their regulators in various experimental models of axonal regeneration in vitro and in vivo. Targeting these signal transduction regulators in the nervous system holds great promise for the treatment of neurological injuries in the future.
Hubungan Gaya Belajar dan Motivasi Belajar dengan Minat Belajar Siswa di UPT SMP Negeri 1 Silahisabungan Kabupaten Dairi

This study aims to analyze the relationship between learning styles and learning motivation with student interest in learning at UPT SMP Negeri 1 Silahisabungan, Dairi Regency. The hypothesis proposed is that there is a positive relationship between learning styles and students' learning motivation with student interest in learning at UPT SMP Negeri 1 Silahisabungan. The number of samples used in this study were 162 samples of respondents/students at UPT SMP Negeri 1 Silahisabungan with simple random sampling. The data collection technique used is spreading google form and then analyzed by statistical analysis method with regression analysis of two predictors. Based on the results of data analysis shows that: there is a relationship between learning styles and interest in learning, with a significant correlation of 9% affecting interest in learning. There is a relationship between learning motivation and interest in learning, with a significant correlation of 35% affecting interest in learning. There is a relationship between learning motivation and learning motivation with students' interest in learning, with a significant correlation of 46.1% of the variable's contribution to interest in learning with the remaining 53.9% influenced by other factors. Based on the results of the research above, the proposed hypothesis is declared accepted.