Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Production of cold molecules via magnetically tunable Feshbach resonances

Magnetically tunable Feshbach resonances were employed to associate cold diatomic molecules in a series of experiments involving both atomic Bose and two-spin-component Fermi gases. This review illustrates theoretical concepts of both the particular nature of the highly excited Feshbach molecules produced and the techniques for their association from unbound atom pairs. Coupled-channels theory provides a rigorous formulation of the microscopic physics of Feshbach resonances in cold gases. Concepts of dressed versus bare energy states, universal properties of Feshbach molecules, and the classification in terms of entrance- and closed-channel-dominated resonances are introduced on the basis of practical two-channel approaches. Their significance is illustrated for several experimental observations, such as binding energies and lifetimes with respect to collisional relaxation. Molecular association and dissociation are discussed in the context of techniques involving linear magnetic-field sweeps in cold Bose and Fermi gases and pulse sequences leading to Ramsey-type interference fringes. Their descriptions in terms of Landau-Zener, two-level mean-field, as well as beyond mean-field approaches are reviewed in detail, including the associated ranges of validity.
Helium ignition in rotating magnetized CO white dwarfs leading to fast and faint rather than classical type Ia supernovae

Based mostly on stellar models which do not include rotation, CO white dwarfs which accrete helium at rates of about $\sim 10^{-8}~\mathrm{M}_\odot/\mathrm{yr}$ have been put forward as candidate progenitors for a number of transient astrophysical phenomena, including supernovae of Type Ia, and the peculiar and fainter Type Iax supernovae. Here we study the impact of accretion-induced spin-up including the subsequent magnetic field generation, angular momentum transport, and viscous heating on the white dwarf evolution up to the point of helium ignition. We resolve the structure of the helium accreting white dwarf models with a one dimensional Langrangian hydrodynamic code, modified to include rotational and magnetic effects. We find magnetic angular momentum transport, which leads to quasi solid-body rotation, profoundly impacts the evolution of the white dwarf models. Our rotating lower mass ($0.54$ and $0.82~\mathrm{M}_\odot$) models accrete up to 50\% more mass up to ignition compared to the non-rotating case and the opposite for our more massive models. Furthermore, we find that rotation leads to up to 10-times smaller helium ignition densities, except for the lowest adopted initial white dwarf mass. Ignition densities of order $10^6\,\mathrm{g/cm}^3$ are only found for the lowest accretion rates and for large amounts of accreted helium $\gtrsim 0.4\,\mathrm{M}_\odot$. However, correspondingly massive donor stars would transfer mass at much higher rates. We expect explosive He-shell burning to mostly occur as deflagrations and at $\dot{M}>2\cdot10^{-8}~\mathrm{M}_\odot/\mathrm{yr}$, regardless of white dwarf mass. Our results imply that helium accretion onto CO white dwarfs at the considered rates is unlikely to lead to explosions of the CO core or to classical Type,Ia supernovae, but may instead produce events like faint and fast hydrogen-free supernovae.
Effectiveness of a school-based nutrition education program on waist circumference and dietary behavior among overweight adolescents in Puducherry, India

BACKGROUND: The influence of western lifestyle such as high-caloric dense food and sedentary lifestyle has a great influence on Indian children, and the current prevalence of childhood overweight in India ranges between 4% and 22%. The primary aim of the study was to determine the change in growth parameters (waist circumference) as well as dietary behaviors at baseline and at the end of first, third, sixth, and ninth months among overweight adolescent girls and boys following a school-based nutritional education program. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted in 2019 in four urban schools at Puducherry which were randomly assigned to study and control groups by lottery method, and 140 overweight children aged 11–14 years were in the study group and 140 children were in the control group. Simple random sampling method was used to select the samples A nutrition education program highlighting the importance of balanced nutrition and the ill effects of obesity was imparted to students in the study group through a PowerPoint presentation. As a means of reinforcement, posters and pamphlets were distributed. The waist circumference and the mean calorie, protein, and fat intake were assessed at baseline and at the first, third, sixth, and ninth months and compared between groups using independent t test. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant reduction in waist circumference in the study group when compared to the control group at P < 0.05. A significant decrease in the calorie intake at P < 0.001 and fat intake at P < 0.01 was observed in the study group. The protein intake in the study group increased at the end of 9 months, which was significant at P < 0.001. CONCLUSION: School-based nutritional education program has been found to be a successful intervention in controlling unnecessary weight gain among overweight adolescents.
The Integrated Stress Response Is Tumorigenic and Constitutes a Therapeutic Liability in Somatotroph Adenomas

Somatotroph adenomas are the leading cause of acromegaly, with the nearly sparsely granulated somatotroph subtype belonging to high-risk adenomas, and they are less responsive to medical treatment. The integrated stress response (ISR) is an essential stress-support pathway increasingly recognized as a determinant of tumorigenesis. In this study, we identified the characteristic profiling of the integrated stress response in translocation and translation initiation factor activity in somatotroph adenomas, normal pituitary, or other adenoma subtypes through proteomics. Immunohistochemistry exhibited the differential significance and the priority of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2β (EIF2β) in somatotroph adenomas compared with gonadotroph and corticotroph adenomas. Differentially expressed genes based on the level of EIF2β in somatotroph adenomas were revealed. MetaSape pathways showed that EIF2β was involved in regulating growth and cell activation, immune system, and extracellular matrix organization processes. The correlation analysis showed Spearman correlation coefficients of r = 0.611 (p < 0.001) for EIF2β and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 1 (HRI), r = 0.765 (p < 0.001) for eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 2 (PKR), r = 0.813 (p < 0.001) for eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3 (PERK), r = 0.728 (p < 0.001) for GCN2, and r = 0.732 (p < 0.001) for signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Furthermore, the invasive potential in patients with a high EIF2β was greater than that in patients with a low EIF2β (7/10 vs. 4/18, p = 0.038), with a lower immune-cell infiltration probability (p < 0.05). The ESTIMATE algorithm showed that the levels of activation of the EIF2 pathway were negatively correlated with the immune score in somatotroph adenomas (p < 0.001). In in vitro experiments, the knockdown of EIF2β changed the phenotype of somatotroph adenomas, including cell proliferation, migration, and the secretion ability of growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor-1. In this study, we demonstrate that the ISR is pivotal in somatotroph adenomas and provide a rationale for implementing ISR-based regimens in future treatment strategies.
Time evolution of coupled multimode and multiresonator optomechanical systems

We study the time evolution of bosonic systems where multiple driven bosonic modes of light interact with multiple mechanical resonators through arbitrary, time-dependent, optomechanical-like interactions. We find the analytical expression for the full time evolution of the system and compute the expectation value of relevant quantities of interest. Among the most interesting ones, we are able to compute the first-order quantum bipartite coherence between pairs of subsystems, and the analytical expression for the mixedness induced by the nonlinear interaction in the reduced state of the mechanical oscillators. Finally, we also compare our results with a linearised version of the system, and we find a regime where there are qualitative and quantitative differences in the behavior of some measurable quantities. Our results can therefore be used to describe the full time-evolution of the system, to characterise its nonlinear character and explore the validity of the linearisation approach.
Probing the faint end of the Galaxy luminosity function at z=3 with Ly-alpha emission

We present spectroscopic observations obtained with the ESO Very Large Telecope (VLT) of seven candidate Ly-alpha emitting galaxies in the field of the radio quiet Q1205-30 at z=3.04 previously detected with deep narrow band imaging. Based on equivalent widths and limits on line ratios we confirm that all seven objects are Ly-alpha emitting galaxies. Deep images also obtained with the VLT in the B and I bands show that five of the seven galaxies have very faint continuum fluxes (I(AB) approx. 26.8 and B(AB) approx. 27.3). The star formation rates of these seven galaxies estimated from the rest-frame UV continuum around 2000AA, as probed by the I-band detections, as well as from the Ly-alpha luminosities, are 1-4 M_sun yr^{-1}. This is 1-3 orders of magnitude lower than for other known populations of star-forming galaxies at similar redshifts (the Lyman-Break galaxies and the sub-mm selected sources). The inferred density of the objects is high, 16+-4 per arcmin^2 per unit redshift. This is consistent with the integrated luminosity function for Lyman-Break galaxies down to R=27 if the fraction of Ly-alpha emitting galaxies is approx. 70% at the faint end of the luminosity function. However, if this fraction is 20% as reported for the bright end of the luminosity function then the space density in this field is significantly larger (by a factor of 3.5) than expected from the luminosity function for Lyman-Break galaxies in the HDF-North. This would be an indication that at least some radio quiet QSOs at high redshift reside in overdense environments or that the faint end slope of the high redshift luminosity function has been underestimated. These observations show that Ly-alpha emission is an efficient method by which to probe the faint end of the luminosity function at high redshifts.
Classical black hole production in high-energy collisions

We investigate the classical formation of a D-dimensional black hole in a high-energy collision of two particles. The existence of an apparent horizon is related to the solution of an unusual boundary-value problem for Poisson's equation in flat space. For a sufficiently small impact parameter, we construct solutions giving such apparent horizons in $D=4. $ These supply improved estimates of the classical cross section for black hole production, and of the mass of the resulting black holes. We also argue that a horizon can be found in a region of weak curvature, suggesting that these solutions are valid starting points for a semiclassical analysis of quantum black hole formation.
An active disturbance rejection synchronous control strategy based on cross compensation for stepper motor XY platform

In view of the system uncertainty factors and bilateral drive synchronization problems of XY platform driven by stepping motor, on the basis of the mathematical model of single axis servo system, in order to improve traceability and disturbance rejection in X,Y direction, a double loop structure with PID controller as speed loop and active disturbance rejection as position loop is proposed to solve the contradiction between rapidity and overshoot, moreover, an ESO performance analysis method is proposed, and the parameter tuning rules of ADRC is summarized. On this basis, a deviation self-coupling compensation control strategy is proposed to solve the problem of bilateral drive synchronization in axis X direction, and the mechanism and parameter adjusting method of the compensator are studied. The comparative experiment between ADRC+PID+deviation self-coupling compensation and PID+PID+deviation self-coupling compensation, the comparative experiment between ADRC+PID+deviation self-coupling compensation and ADRC+PID are conducted, respectively. Finally, the experiment of synthetic trajectory of X and Y is carried out, the simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the response time of the control strategy proposed in this paper is 0.5 s, which is 0.2 s faster than PID’s, and the disturbance recovery time is 50% of PID control. Therefore, the proposed ADRC+PID+deviation self-coupling compensation control strategy can not only effectively improve the tracking performance of the XY platform system, but also enhance the robustness of the system.
Microwave Assisted Extraction of Non-Volatiles from Ginger using Ionic Liquids

157 Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication Retrieval Number: BS2032128218/19©BEIESP Abstract: Conditions were optimised for the extraction of nonvolatiles from ginger using ionic liquids employing microwave energy. Maximum extraction could be achieved with the ionic liquid namely [BMIM]Cl (1-methyl -3-imidazolium chloride) at the concentration of 0.3 M with material to solvent ratio at 1:6 employing the microwave power of 600W, time (5 min.) and temperature (70°C). Microwave assisted extraction using ionic liquid was compared with that of traditional methods with respect to yield and total polyphenolic content (TPP) as well as radical scavenging activity (RSA). Increase in gingerol content (30%) was observed in microwave assisted ionic liquid based extraction than in the conventional extraction. Yield of extract increased by 3.5 fold with optimized condition than the traditional method. Optimized method for the extraction of ginger gives 38.25% increase in the RSA value and 71.93% increase in TPP content compared to the traditional method. The gingerol content released into extract increased by 4.5 folds under optimized condition than the traditional method. It is concluded that microwave assisted ionic liquid extraction can be adopted for the extraction of non-volatiles from ginger and can be extended to the industrial scale also.
The cluster environments of radio-loud AGN

Abstract Radio-loud AGN play an important rôle in galaxy evolution. We need to understand their properties, and the processes that affect their behaviour in order to model galaxy formation and development. We here present preliminary results of an investigation into the cluster environments of radio galaxies. We have found evidence of a strong correlation between radio luminosity and environment richness for low excitation radio galaxies, and no evidence of evolution of the environment with redshift. Conversely, for high excitation radio galaxies, we found no correlation with environment richness, and tentative evidence of evolution of the cluster environment.
Search for neutral MSSM Higgs bosons decaying to tau pairs in p-pbar collisions at sqrt(s)=1.96 TeV

We present a search for neutral supersymmetric Higgs bosons decaying to tau pairs produced in p-pbar collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.96 TeV. The data, corresponding to 310 pb^(-1) integrated luminosity, were collected with the CDF II detector at the Tevatron collider at Fermilab. No significant excess above the standard model backgrounds is observed. We set exclusion limits on the production cross section times branching fraction to tau pairs for Higgs masses in the range from 90 to 250 GeV/c^2.
Graph Completion Inclusion Isotone for Interval Least Squares Equation

The paper discusses the graph completion inclusion isotone for interval least squares problem wherein, incorporated the Tikhonov regularization for resolving the recurrent problem of ill-conditioning for the resulting interval linear least squares using quadratic polynomial fit. It is established that convergence of interval operators to the described interval least squares problems implies convergence in the tempered distribution of interval data in the sense of (2). The open Question of Completeness of graph in Banach Space Topology is addressed and estimate of eigenvalues to the interval matrix was given further interpretation using ideas of (24) which has great importance in the study of growth rate of a system. Numerical example is demonstrated with described methods.
ETHANOL AND SODA PULPING OF TAGASASTE WOOD : NEURAL FUZZY MODELING

A central composite experimental design, in conjunction with the ANFIS Edit Matlab 6.5 software (to develop a neural fuzzy model), was used in the study of the influence of ethanol and alkaline soda pulp process variables on the properties of pulps and paper sheets obtained from tagasaste (Chamaecytisus proliferus L.F. ssp palmensis) trimming residues. A variation range, involving three independent variables at three different (variation) levels, was established for each process variable (viz. temperature, cooking time and soda or ethanol concentration). The obtained models reproduced the experimental results of the dependent variables with errors below 8%. Under optimum experimental conditions, the yield of the ethanol process is 4% higher than that of the soda process. On the other hand, soda pulp has a higher α-cellulose content and a lower lignin content than ethanol pulp. The optimum conditions for the soda process involve a temperature of 180 oC, a cooking time of 60 min and an active alkali concentration of 16%, while those of the ethanol process are: 185 oC, 90 min and a 60% v/v ethanol concentration. The results obtained recommend the tagasaste trimmings as an effective raw material for obtaining paper pulp by ethanol and alkaline soda pulp processes.
Modifications to the cosmic 21-cm background frequency spectrum by scattering via electrons in galaxy clusters

The cosmic 21-cm background frequency spectrum related to the spin-flip transition of neutral hydrogen present during and before the era of reionization is rich in features associated with physical processes that govern transitions between the two spin states. The intervening electrons in foreground galaxy clusters inversely Compton scatter the 21-cm background spectrum and modify it just as the cosmic microwave background (CMB) spectrum is modified by inverse-Compton scattering. Towards typical galaxy clusters at low redshifts, the resulting modification is a few tenths milli-Kelvin correction to the few tens milli-Kelvin temperature of 21-cm signal relative to that of the cosmic microwave background blackbody spectrum. The modifications are mostly associated with sharp changes in the cosmic 21-cm background spectrum such as due to the onset of a Lyman-{alpha} radiation field or heating of neutral gas. Though low-frequency radio interferometers that are now planned for 21-cm anisotropy measurements are insensitive to the mean 21-cm spectrum, differential observations of galaxy clusters with these interferometers can be utilized to indirectly establish global features in the 21-cm frequency spectrum. We discuss the feasibility to detect the spectrum modified by clusters and find that, for upcoming interferometers, while a detection towards an individual cluster is challenging, onemore » can average signals over a number of clusters, selected based on the strength of the Sunyave-Zel'dovich effect at high radio frequencies involving CMB scattering alone, to establish the mean 21-cm spectrum. « less
Unequal Landscapes: Vulnerability Traps in Informal Settlements of the Jacuí River Delta (Brazil)

How just are risk responses that worsen vulnerability in the long term? Should the urban poor be left with self-reliance when facing hazards in the Anthropocene? This research investigates urban development and vulnerability in the Anthropocene. While it is known that informal settlements face greater hazards than most urbanized areas, there are different landscapes of risk. The analysis explores divergent risk-response strategies among households according to their residents’ risk perception and response capacity in two different landscapes of an urban delta using logit regression models. These models evaluate the associations between 14 response options to floods and control for factors of income, age, number of residents in the household, location, access to vehicles, and self-identified ethnicity. This study uses data from the Living with Floods Survey by the World Bank to investigate risk responses to the 2015 flood in the Jacuí River delta. The analysis considers a large sample of households (n = 1451) in informal settlements. The results show the intense influence of income on location choice and response capacity. We also found that income is a more robust social descriptor of response capacity than age or ethnicity. Risk perception proved limited in determining response strategies and can be associated with resignation to losses from floods. We argue that these results suggest trade-offs between short- and long-term responses to hazards in informal settlements in coastal and delta regions, which link adaptive behavior to environmental justice.
Histopathological Evaluation of the Healing Process of Standardized Skin Burns in Rabbits: Assessment of a Natural Product with Honey and Essential Oils

Skin burns are one of the most difficult medical problems. Recently, studies have been directed towards development of natural products in order to identify effective and safe remedies. In the present study, we evaluated the efficacy of a natural composite (formulated from honey and essential oils) compared with MEBO® (0.25% β-sitosterol) and DERMAZIN® creams (1% silver-sulfadiazine) in the treatment of thermally induced skin burns. For this purpose, four burn-wounds were created on the back of male New Zealand rabbits (n = 10) using a thermal stamp under the effect of general anesthesia. Each wound represents one of the following groups: non-treated, natural composite-cream, MEBO®-cream, and silver-sulfadiazine treated groups, respectively. Treatments were applied once a day topically until one of these wounds appeared to be healed grossly. The non-treated group received no treatment. Grossly, skin burns have been healed after 28 days of the treatment in all groups except of the non-treated group. The healing efficacy of the natural composite, MEBO® and silver-sulfadiazine creams was quite similar macroscopically. However, microscopically, the epidermal layer of the composite-cream treated group was more mature than those of both MEBO® and silver-sulfadiazine creams treated groups. In conclusion, the tested composite may be a promising effective and inexpensive treatment of skin burns.
Development andapplicationofaPCR-denaturing gradientgel electrophoresis tool to study the diversityofNitrobacter-likenxrA sequences in soil

Development andapplicationofaPCR-denaturing gradientgel electrophoresis tool to study the diversityofNitrobacter -likenxrA sequences in soil Sophie Wertz, Franck Poly, Xavier Le Roux & Valérie Degrange Laboratoire d’Ecologie Microbienne, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France; CNRS, UMR 5557 Laboratoire d’Ecologie Microbienne, Villeurbanne, France; and INRA, USC 1193, Laboratoire d’Ecologie Microbienne, Villeurbanne, France
Supergravity Models

Theoretical and experimental motivations behind supergravity grand unified models are described. The basic ideas of supergravity, and the origin of the soft breaking terms are reviewed. Effects of GUT thresholds and predictions arising from models possessing proton decay are discussed. Speculations as to which aspects of the Standard Model might be explained by supergravity models and which may require Planck scale physics to understand are mentioned.