Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Dataset for Machining Feature Detection in Rotation Symmetric Components

In Computer-Aided Process Planning (CAPP), machining feature recognition is the first and essential step for planning the manufacturing of the designed model. Due to the rapid variation in demand for products, it is desired to automate the process planning starting with detecting the features to be manufactured. As the ongoing researches with learning-based methods show promising results, the need for a suitable dataset for these methods arises. The existing datasets either lack the relation to the real use cases or the labeling is missing, which is critical for the learning-based methods. A synthetically generated labeled dataset is presented, that is built of real-like components. The features in samples of the dataset are selected from eleven manufacturing feature classes, which include features like thread and gear, that are not present in existing works. The proposed dataset also provides localization information by containing labeled faces. It enables transformation to various data representations, as it follows the ISO standard STEP 214 format. Four different complexity levels of the dataset are submitted so that the feature detection methods can be tested in different levels.
The search for organic substances and inorganic volatile compounds in the surface of Mars

A total of four Martian samples, one surface and one subsurface sample at each of the two Viking landing sites, Chryse Planitia and Utopia Planitia, have been analyzed for organic compounds by a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer. In none of these experiments could organic material of Martian origin be detected at detection limits generally of the order of parts per billion and for a few substances closer to parts per million. The evolution of water and carbon dioxide, but not of other inorganic gases, was observed upon heating the sample to temperatures of up to 500 C. The absence of organic compounds seems to preclude their production on the planet at rates that exceed the rate of their destruction. It also makes it unlikely that living systems that behave in a manner similar to terrestrial biota exist, at least at the two Viking landing sites.
Inverse synthetic aperture radar images of moving targets

The theory of using a low resolution, coherent radar to form images of non-cooperative targets is treated, and the most important problems related to implementation of the theory are identified. Compensation for target translational motion, aspect angle and angular velocity is discussed. An approach is developed for forming images taking into account the limitations of the motion compensation and aspect angle estimation. <<ETX>>
Inversely Finding Peculiar Reaction Conditions toward Microfluidic Droplet Synthesis

With the development of microfluidics, there are increasing reports of syntheses using not only conventional laminar flow at the microscale, but also the dissociation and aggregation of microdroplets. It is known, to some extent, that the microfluidics scale differs from normal scales in terms of the specific surface area, mass diffusion, and heat conduction; these are opposite to those in scale-up in-plant chemical engineering. However, it is not easy to determine what changes when the microdroplet flows through the channel. In this context, the author would like to clarify how the behavior of chemical species, which is expected to appear unique at the nanoscale, contributes to chemical reactions. What do we need in order to develop a completely new theory of chemical reactions? The characteristics of chemical reactions on the nanoscale are clarified via the encountering of solutions by the microfluidic device itself, or the chemical reaction of nanoscale droplets generated by the microfluidic device. Specifically, in recent years, experimental reports have accumulated that are expected to develop a fluidic device that can stably generate nanodroplets, and complex reactions of different reactivity are expected to occur that are specific to the nanoscale. In this short article, microfluidic devices, nanoscale droplets, experimental synthetic examples, and findings that may provide solutions are described.
Evidence for extensive tabular intrusions in the Precambrian shield of western Canada: A 160-km-long sequence of bright reflections

The Trans-Hudson orogen is the preserved Early Proterozoic collisional zone between the Archean Superior and Hearne-Rae cratons and the focus of Lithoprobe's Trans-Hudson orogen transect where seismic reflection line S2b was recorded. The most intriguing structure in the data is a continuous band of strong reflections in the upper crust, herein named the Wollaston Lake reflector, which extends for 160 km across the northwestern hinterland of the Trans-Hudson orogen. The reflections range from 2.0 to 4.5 s two-way traveltime (6.0–13.5 km depth) and show a heterogeneous internal structure with multicyclic reflected arrivals and numerous diffractions. Our studies indicate that a series of high-velocity-high-density reflectors, having lengths of 800 m to a few kilometres and thicknesses from 50 to 150 m, most likely form the reflecting elements. Geologic mapping and dating document diabase intrusions associated with the Middle Proterozoic Mackenzie igneous event. Sills drilled in the region have thicknesses coinciding with those of our seismic model. We conclude that the Wollaston Lake reflector represents a series of diabase sheetlike intrusions emplaced during Mackenzie (i.e., post-Hudsonian) magmatic activity. Regionally, it provides constraints for the Middle Proterozoic paleo–stress field and for the late-stage tectonic history of the northwestern hinterland of the Trans-Hudson orogen. More generally, the detection of the reflector emphasizes the importance of large-scale horizontal injection of tabular bodies into the crust, over long distances and across tectonic boundaries.
Aasivissuit- The Great Summer Camp: Archaeological, Ethnographical and Zoo-Archaelogical Studies of a Caribou-Hunting Site in West Greenland, by Bjarne Grønnow, Morten Meldgaard and Jørn Berglund Nielsen

The Arctic is still in an early exploratory phase, with relatively few test bores for such a vast territory. It is considered to be a proven oil province, and most of the logistical problems have been solved. On this basis, probability figures for discoverable reserves are a standard tactic sufficiently realistic for planning purposes. Nassichuk’s revised statement gives a current viewpoint: In the regions that Stefansson travelled, the search for oil and gas has continued relentlessly. In the Arctic Islands alone, some 180 wells have been drilled and nineteen are classed as discoveries; ten are gas fields, four oil, and five oil-and-gas. Under anticipated economic conditions several of these are believed to be commercial, although the calculated recoverable reserve is less than a half-billion barrels of oil and 20 trillion cubic feet of gas in total. Undiscovered resources are expected to approximate five billion barrels and more than I00 trillion cubic feet. Greater potentialities are likely to lie in the Sverdrup Basin, to the north, where costs are higher. Within the last few years more than 160 wells have been drilled in the Beaufort Sea-Mackenzie Delta area with a discovery of about one billion barrels of oil and 10 trillion cubic feet of gas. This area is expected to contain nearly ten billion barrels and 100 trillion cubic feet yet undiscovered, on the basis of calculated estimates from comparable provinces and conditions known to exist here. That portion to the west of the international boundary with Alaska is virtually untested. The situation has been found to be relatively complex, structurally and stratigraphically. An average of resource estimates released by the National Petroleum Council of the United States gives about six billion onshore and 12 billion offshore for Alaskan Arctic recoverable oil. Comparable gas potential is 22 trillion onshore and 27 trillion offshore.
Perbandingan Pytesseract dan Template Matching Untuk Otomatisasi Input Data KTP

KTP memiliki banyak fungsi, seperti sebagai kartu identitas, dalam proses pendaftaran, dalam proses kepengurusan, serta untuk mengakses layanan. Hingga saat ini, pendaftaran KTP dilakukan dengan diketik sehingga tidak hemat waktu dan tenaga, serta sering menyebabkan kesalahan dalam pengetikan sehingga data yang disimpan tidak sesuai. Oleh karena itu, dikembangkan aplikasi dengan fitur otomatisasi pengisian data KTPmenggunakan OCR. Metode OCRyang akan digunakan ditentukan dengan pengujian akurasi metode Pytesseract dan template matching pada kondisi menggunakan kamera smartphone dengan pencahayaan gelap, terang, terang sekali, dan menggunakan kamera laptop. Rata-rata tingkat akurasi dari empat pengkondisian yang didapatkan oleh metode Pytesseract adalah 98,33%, sedangkan rata-rata yang didapatkan oleh metode template matching adalah 67,33%. Berdasarkan hasil ini, sistem OCR yang dikembangkan menggunakan metode Pytesseract. ID Cards serve several purposes, including identification, registration, management, and accessing public services. Until now, ID Cards registration has been done by typing so it takes more time and effort, and often causes errors in typing so that the data stored does not match. Therefore, an application was developed with OCR-based automation for inputting ID card information. The method used for OCR is determined by testing the accuracy of Pytesseract and Template Matching in condition using a smartphone camera with dark, bright, and very bright lighting, and using a laptop camera. The average of the accuracy of the four conditions obtained by Pytesseract is 98.33%, while the average obtained by Template Matching is 67.33%. Based on these results, the OCR system developed using Pytesseract.
Diversified ESG Evaluation by Rating Agencies and Net Carbon Tax to Regain Optimal Portfolio Allocation*

Abstract Environmental, Society, and Governance (ESG) investments have become increasingly popular in recent years, and, at the same time, many rating agencies provide ESG scores for each company. This means that the ESG investment model may have moved from the traditional two-factor model of risk-return to a three-factor model adding an ESG component to it. This paper highlights the potential for distortion of asset allocation through the shift from traditional risk-return considerations to ESG score considerations. This is equally true for green bonds, resulting in the potential for asset allocation to be distorted by green bond criteria. Furthermore, we show that imposing a net carbon tax on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is a measure to correct this distortion in asset allocation and make asset allocation more risk-return based, in addressing global environmental issues.
A Self-Calibration Logic Circuit Agnostic To Offset Calibration Technique For High-Precision Dynamic Comparator

This paper proposes a calibration technique agnostic calibration logic circuitry for the self-calibration of the high-precision dynamic comparator, which can be used in major self-calibration techniques to activate the calibration and offset polarity change detection for completion of the calibration. This paper also briefly reviews the different comparator offset cancellation techniques, i.e., auto-zeroing, self-calibration, and chopper stabilization. The proposed calibration logic is implemented in a dynamic comparator’s effective trans-conductance controlled offset calibration in SCL 180 nm technology. The standard deviation of the input-referred offset of the comparator is reduced to 445 μV from 2.85 mV with a complete calibration range of 5σ offset, therefore qualifying it for high-speed flash ADCs and asynchronous SAR ADCs. The power consumption at 1 GHz operating frequency is 154.6 μW.
Neurological Manifestations of Connective Tissue Disorders

Connective tissue disorders (CTD) are a group of disorders affecting the connective tissues. Usually the musculoskeletal and the vascular system is impacted. Along with these systems, the nervous system is also involved in CTD, which leads to various neurological manifestations. The pathophysiology of neurological complications of CTD is caused by various factors and is complicated. Disturbed immune complexes, chronic inflammation, and autoimmunity in which the body attacks its cells are considered to be responsible for the neurological complications of CTD. Additionally, the vascular symptoms that lead to decreased blood flow to the brain are also responsible for the neurological manifestations of CTD in diseases like systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In SLE, vessel wall integrity is compromised, which may lead to decreased blood flow leading to neurological complications. CTD can manifest a variety of neurological complications. These neurological complications can be classified into symptoms affecting the peripheral nervous system, central nervous system, and the autonomic nervous system. Some of the common neurological complications of CTD are headaches, seizures, ataxia, neuropathies leading to cranial nerve palsies, myelopathies, tremors, encephalitis, and cerebral infarction. Cranial nerve palsies can disturb sensations, vision, hearing, and mastication. Neuropsychiatric symptoms are also commonly observed in CTD. Cognitive dysfunction can be caused due to neuropsychiatric problems. Some of the cognitive dysfunctions are lack of concentration, memory loss, confusion, and coma. In this review, we will address various neurological manifestations of CTD.
Friendly Signal of “Good Governance”: Will Corporate Governance Promote ESG Disclosure

Up against the background of developing countries, this study empirically researches the relationship between corporate governance and environmental, social, and governance (ESG) disclosure based on samples of Chinese listed companies. The results show that the governance quality of listed companies significantly affects ESG disclosure. Through further heterogeneity analysis, this paper reveals the key role of enterprise nature when influencing corporate governance on ESG disclosure. Specifically, under the same governance capability, ESG disclosure of state-owned enterprises tends to be better than that of non-state-owned ones. From the perspective of corporate governance, this study not only enriches the understanding of the influencing factors of ESG disclosure, but also sheds new light on optimizing corporate governance and improving sustainable development. Meanwhile, policymakers have been provided with enlightenment to make decisions in setting policies and environmental standards.
The Benefits of Titling Indigenous Communities in the Peruvian Amazon: A Stated Preference Approach

We conduct a discrete choice experiment with leaders of 164 Peruvian indigenous communities (ICs) to elicit their preferences about and valuation of land titles — to our knowledge, the first use of rigorous stated preference methods to analyze land titling. We find that: (i) on average, IC leaders are willing to pay US$35,000 – 45,000 for a title, roughly twice the per community administrative cost of titling; (ii) WTP is positively correlated with the value of IC land and the risk of land grabbing; and (iii) leaders prefer titling processes that involve indigenous representatives and titles that encompass land with cultural value.
From family business to public museum: the transformation of the sacks futeran buildings into the homecoming centre of the district six Museum

Through a grant from the Atlantic Philanthropies Foundation the District Six Museum Foundation Trust purchased the Sacks Futeran buildings in 2002 with a view to creating new spaces of engagement that worked with exhibitions, issues of social justice and District Six returnees. The Futeran family, as a gesture of philanthropic donation, sold the building below market value thus enabling the museum to take ownership. This related directly to civic public giving that the work of the District Six Museum entails and was consistent with an understanding of community museums. Acquiring, transforming and museumising the set of five interconnected Sacks Futeran buildings to create the District Six Homecoming Centre has influenced and extended the notion of civic public giving in the museum work of the District Six Museum in relation to District Six returnees and the public. The examination of a history in and through buildings and more specifically the transformation in use, design, purpose and naming in this complex of buildings associated with a family business, E. Sacks Futeran & Co., is the purpose of this research. The oral histories of Martin and Gordon Futeran reveal the origins of their family wholesale clothing and fabric business established in 1906 by their great grandfather Elias Sacks and by extension the Jewish histories of District Six. The apartheid denial of ‘home’ within the Cape Town city bowl, resulting in forced removals of the inhabitants of District Six and the formation of the District Six Museum as a transactive community museum model on the heritage landscape of post-apartheid South Africa is examined. With reference to architectural materiality, the set of buildings as transitional space is ‘mapped’ as it has become the Homecoming Centre of the District Six Museum.Rennie Scurr Adendorff Architects blended older histories of the site with architectural aesthetic and technical expertise, and the Museum’s visions, philosophies and concepts were an integral part of the redevelopment. Over a number of years the Sacks Futeran buildings were restored and internally reconfigured and have been developed to dovetail with existing methodologies supporting the broader land restitution process. Through its spaces, a museum community is being nurtured by means of activism, notions of citizenship transforming District Six, the city and community museum practice in the process. The Fugard Theatre is an integral part of the Homecoming Centre and these buildings are experienced as a multi-functional cultural landmark within the District Six Cultural Heritage Precinct. By harnessing memory and materiality this study is relevant as a means of constituting historical urban fabric and a sensitivity of reconstructing a sense of place.
Mechanically Reconfigurable Folded Reflectarray Antenna for Variable Near-Field Focusing

A novel variable-focus near-field-focused (NFF) antenna implemented by mechanically reconfigurable folded reflectarray is proposed in this communication. The working principle is inspired by the concepts of folded reflectarray antenna (FRA) and Alvarez lens. The proposed antenna works at 15 GHz and consists of two parts. One part is a passive metasurface (MS), and the other part is an integrated part of array antenna, feed network, and another MS. By adjusting the relative position between the two parts, a variable focal length from 86 to 220 mm can be achieved. The design process is analyzed in detail and verified by simulation and experiment. The method proposed in this communication has the advantages of simple design and low cost, offering new possibilities for further NFF antenna systems.
Monocular-Lidar Fusion Odometry for Eliminating Vertical Drift

SLAM is a technology for robots to estimate motion and reconstruct environment structure in unknown environments. Lidar-based SLAM is fast and accurate. However, it is limited by the sensor, as the lidar odometry suffers from drift issues in the vertical direction. We propose a monocular-lidar fusion odometry via depth completion, that achieves robust, low-drift trajectory estimation. Firstly, visual odometry completes sparse point clouds to obtain dense depth maps and estimate pose. Meanwhile, lidar odometry estimates pose through point cloud registration. Then, the two odometry systems build respective local maps and select their corresponding keyframes according to different strategies. Finally, the factor graph fuses the results of the two odometry through frame-to-frame transformation, achieving the final optimization. Our algorithm was tested on the KITTI dataset, and the results show that our algorithm effectively reduces vertical drift errors.
Concatenation-Informer: Pre-Distilling and Concatenation Improve Efficiency and Accuracy

Time series widely exist in the real world, and a large part of them are long time series, such as weather information records and industrial production information records. The inherent long-term data dependence of long-time series has extremely high requirements on the feature extraction ability of the model. The sequence length of long time series also directly causes high computational cost, which requires the model to be more efficient. This paper proposes Concatenation-Informer containing a Pre-distilling operation and a Concatenation-Attention operation to predict long time series. The pre-distilling operation reduces the length of the series and effectively extracts context-related features. The Concatenation-Attention operation concatenates the attention mechanism's input and output to improve the efficiency of parameters. The total space complexity of the Concatenation-Informer is less than the complexity and usage of the Informer.
Comparison of Efficacy of Lidocaine and Articaine as Inferior Alveolar Nerve Blocking Agents in Patients with Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis: Randomized Controlled Trial

Background and Objectives: Lidocaine Hydrochloride has been the standard choice for local anesthesia in dentistry and Articaine’s unique structure and growing popularity make it a viable alternative. Due to contradictory results in prior research and a scarcity of trials conducted in the Pakistani population, this study aims to compare the anesthetic efficacy of Lidocaine with Articaine for inferior alveolar nerve blocks in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. Materials and Methods: This double-blinded, randomized controlled trial included 152 patients who were selected by consecutive non-probability sampling. The participants included patients who presented with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis in mandibular posterior teeth (molars and premolars) and depicted normal apical tissue radiographically. The patients were equally and randomly divided into two groups. The control group received 2% Lidocaine Hydrochloride injections, and the experiment group received 4% Articaine Hydrochloride injections. Participants scored their pain on the HP-VAS both before and after the administration of anesthesia. A value of 54 mm or less on the scale indicated effective anesthesia. The data obtained were analyzed using SPSS. Chi-square test was applied to analyze data for statistical significance. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the efficacy of the two anesthetic agents. During access cavity preparation, Lidocaine demonstrated a success rate of 93%, whereas Articaine exhibited a slightly higher success rate of 97%. During initial instrumentation, the success rates for Lidocaine and Articaine were 72% and 71%, respectively. This suggests that both Lidocaine and Articaine were effective in achieving anesthesia during the dental procedure in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis, with Articaine showing a slightly better success rate, although the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusions: The anesthetic efficacy of Articaine is similar to that of lidocaine in subjects with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. Hence, Articaine can serve as an alternative to Lidocaine for local anesthesia administration in dentistry.