Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sympathetic nerve blocks for posttraumatic stress disorder: an evidentiary review for future clinical trials

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a chronic disorder resulting from exposure to traumatic events. In recent years, sympathetic nerve blocks have gained interest as an emerging treatment modality for PTSD. They have been shown to reduce autonomic dysfunction associated with PTSD symptoms, particularly in refractory and treatment-resistant patients. However, there is limited evidence regarding the technique’s effectiveness in PTSD patients. Therefore, this scoping review was designed to update and summarize the current literature on this topic to inform the design of future clinical trials and studies. Our review of 22 studies (mostly case reports and series) included 1,293 PTSD patients who received sympathetic nerve blocks, primarily military service members and veterans, with a median age of 42.2 years. 0.5% Ropivacaine was the preferred anesthetic, and the right sided stellate ganglion block was the most commonly used technique. Relapse of symptoms was reported commonly, resulting in additional nerve block sessions. Most reported side effects were mild and transient. Despite the encouraging results, we remain cautious in interpreting the benefit of the technique due to the lack of sufficient standardized clinical trial data, heterogeneity in reported results, and the potential for bias in reporting. Future studies should focus on evaluating and addressing the technique’s effectiveness, safety, tolerability, and indications.
An Acknowledgement-Based Approach for the Detection of Routing Misbehaviour in MANETS

We are considering the Routing misbehavior in MANETs (Mobile Ad Hoc Networks). Routing protocols for MANETs are based on the assumption which are, all participating nodes are fully cooperative. But, due to the open structure node misbehaviors may exist. One such routing misbehavior is that some nodes will take part in the route discovery and maintenance processes but refuse to forward data packets. In this, we propose the 2ACK scheme that serves as an add-on technique for routing schemes to detect routing misbehavior and to mitigate their effect. The basic idea of the 2ACK scheme is to send two-hop acknowledgment packets in the opposite direction of the routing path. To reduce extra routing overhead, only a few of the received data packets are acknowledged in the 2ACK scheme.
Deteksi False Alarm pada Intrusion Detection System(IDS) Menggunakan Algoritma Adaptive Agent-Based Profiling

Network security is important to note, given the large number types of computer attacks. IDS can used as a tool to detect the threats or issued and produce alert consists of alarms and false alarms. False alarms caused by IDS signature patterns that are not good in comparing existing attacks. Reduce the number of false alarms in the IDS can use the algorithms Adaptive Agent-Based Profiling with the purpose to optimize the capabilities of IDS to reduce false alarms in the IDS system. Adaptive algorithms Agent-Based Profiling produce three possibilities: normal behaviour, abnormal behaviour and ambiguous. The conclusion of the research is, the adaptive agent-based algorithm profiling can reduce the number of false alarms by 84% so it can prevent data from overload in IDS.
Postgraduate medical education in Colombia. Proposals to improve it

After 70 years of the formalization of medical specialties in Colombia, very little progress has been made in the educational models for the acquisition of clinical competencies in these postgraduate programs. Furthermore, although there is already a law on human resources in health, the Colombian medical education system lacks specific regulations on the training of health professionals (physicians) in the different medical specialty programs offered in the country. Likewise, at present, factors such as the financial crisis of public hospitals, the limited number of accredited hospitals and the growing number of medical schools and specialization programs, affect the comprehensive and equal development of medical competencies of professionals who are trained as specialists in the different postgraduate medical programs offered in Colombia. In view of the above, the purpose of this article is to present a proposal for postgraduate medical education that prioritizes the adequate acquisition of competencies over compliance with the time required to complete the curricula of the different medical specialties. However, this involves several prerequisites: a regulatory body in charge of overseeing and monitoring the training of medical residents or specialists in the country; strong training in university teaching for professors practicing in medical schools and university hospitals; the standardization of the graduates profile; adequate financing of university hospitals, as well as appropriate support in the process of accreditation as such, and the self-evaluation and continuous improvement of postgraduate medical programs.
Brown seaweed phenolics and photosynthetic pigments: Bioavailability, challenges, and potential applications in food industries

Currently, brown seaweeds (BS) are gaining huge interest due to their richness in secondary metabolites with attractive biological activities. Phenolic compounds and photosynthetic pigments (PGs) are prospective secondary metabolites isolated from BS, and they have the potential to be developed in various applications. Those secondary metabolites possess biological active properties, such as antioxidants, anti-inflammation, anti-allergy, anti-microbes, immunomodulatory activity, and anti-cancer, which protect against metabolite syndrome-related diseases. These properties make them ideal for applications in nutraceuticals, functional foods, and pharmaceutical industries. This review comprehensively discusses polyphenols and PGs characteristics, bio-function, bioavailability, and metabolism in biological systems and potential technology to improve their stability and bioavailability, as well as their applications in food industries.
Efecto de diferentes intensidades de estrés hídrico en la fase vegetativa en el cultivo del frijol (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Effect of different intensities of drought stress in the vegetative phase in the cultivation of the bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Station Los Palacios from 2008 to 2011 on Hidromofico Gley soil laterized during the October to January period under controlled conditions in pots of 1m 2 area in each 25 seeds were sown in the 93 finch variety in order to evaluate the response of beans subjected to different intensities of water stress at vegetative stage and its effect on yield, its components and water economy. The results showed that the bean crop in the vegetative phase when subjected to water stress at different intensities allowed increases in yield, its components and an economy in the use of water for water stress treatments compared to the control that maintained with regular watering.
Infection indices of Camallanus cotti Fujita, 1927 in Tor putitora in Mahakali River, Nepal

Red worm (Camallanus cotti Fujita, 1927) is an intestinal parasite both in wild and cultured fish all over the world. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and mean intensity of red worms in Mahseer (Tor putitora) in Mahakali River, Nepal. The study was conducted from October 2021 to February 2023. Mahseer fish (n=211) were collected from two sites of the river using gill nets and also purchased from the local markets of respective sites assuring the fish were from the Mahakali River. Parasites were recovered and processed using standard helminthological methods. Overall, the prevalence and mean intensity of the red worms in Mahseer were 3.79% and 1.37, respectively. The highest prevalence was found in more than 0.2 m long (4.38%), 0.051–0.1 kg weighted (6.42%) female host fish (4.32%) in March (22.22%) and spring seasons (5.26%). Similarly, the highest intensity was found in 0.1–0.2 m long (2), 0.051–0.1 kg weighted (1.42) female host fish (1.37) in January (4) and winter season (2). Statistically, the variation in prevalence and intensity of the parasite were insignificant (p˃ 0.05). This study reveals low infection of the red worm in Mahseer but increases the risk of dissemination of parasites from the Mahakali River to nearby fish farms.
Raportowanie niefinansowe w aspekcie społecznym jako narzędzie budowania wizerunku banku przyjaznego dla klientów

W opracowaniu zaprezentowano zagadnienia raportowania niefinansowego przez banki notowane na giełdzie w ramach WIG-ESG w aspekcie spraw społecznych oraz jego znaczenia w budowaniu przyjaznego wizerunku banku. Postawiono tezę, że raportowanie ESG w aspekcie społecznym jest ważnym narzędziem w budowaniu reputacji banku, którą zweryfikowano pozytywnie. W celu weryfikacji przyjętej tezy dokonano analizy oświadczeń niefinansowych banków notowanych w ramach WIG-ESG, a następnie zbadano, czy obowiązek raportowania ESG w aspekcie społecznym wpłynął na zwiększenie liczby klientów banków zaangażowanych w działalność sponsoringową i charytatywną, a tym samym na aktywa banków zaangażowanych społecznie.
Doing Good with Virtual Reality: The Ethics of Using Virtual Simulations for Improving Human Morality

: Much of the excitement and concern with virtual reality (VR) has to do with the impact of virtual experiences on our moral conduct in the “real world”. VR technologies offer vivid simulations that may impact prosocial dispositions and abilities or emotions related to morality. Whereas some experiences could facilitate particular moral behaviors, VR could also inculcate bad moral habits or lead to the surreptitious development of nefarious moral traits. In this chapter, I offer an overview of the ethical debate about using VR to improve morality. I start by clarifying the rationale of using VR for good, drawing on moral enhancement literature, branches of the science of morality, and the specific potentials of this technology. Then, I will briefly focus on three prominent domains of socio-moral improvement: the use of VR for enhancing empathy, reducing implicit biases, and improving pro-environmental behavior. After that, I shall consider three ethical objections to the enthusiasm for using VR in order to improve human morality. Finally, I will recapitulate the main points of the chapter and provide a few concluding thoughts on future avenues of discussion on how VR can make us act (morally) better.
Race with the machines: Assessing the capability of generative AI in solving authentic assessments

In this study, we introduce a framework designed to help educators assess the effectiveness of popular generative artificial intelligence (AI) tools in solving authentic assessments. We employed Bloom’s taxonomy as a guiding principle to create authentic assessments that evaluate the capabilities of generative AI tools. We applied this framework to assess the abilities of ChatGPT-4, ChatGPT-3.5, Google Bard and Microsoft Bing in solving authentic assessments in economics. We found that generative AI tools perform very well at the lower levels of Bloom's taxonomy while still maintaining a decent level of performance at the higher levels, with “create” being the weakest level of performance. Interestingly, these tools are better able to address numeric-based questions than text-based ones. Moreover, all the generative AI tools exhibit weaknesses in building arguments based on theoretical frameworks, maintaining the coherence of different arguments and providing appropriate references. Our study provides educators with a framework to assess the capabilities of generative AI tools, enabling them to make more informed decisions regarding assessments and learning activities. Our findings demand a strategic reimagining of educational goals and assessments, emphasising higher cognitive skills and calling for a concerted effort to enhance the capabilities of educators in preparing students for a rapidly transforming professional environment. Implications for practice or policy Our proposed framework enables educators to systematically evaluate the capabilities of widely used generative AI tools in assessments and assist them in the assessment design process. Tertiary institutions should re-evaluate and redesign programmes and course learning outcomes. The new focus on learning outcomes should address the higher levels of educational goals of Bloom’s taxonomy, specifically the “create” level.
China as a Rising Power versus the US-led World Order

World order refers to dominant values, rules, and norms that define the terms of global governance and give shape and substance to international society at any given time. Historically, great powers have been the rule-makers of world order to reflect their values and interests, weak states the takers, and dissatisfied emerging powers the breakers, pursuing alternative principles to conform to their distinctive preferences.
Research on the Electrosensitivity and Electrothermal Properties of Intelligent High-Performance Concrete Materials

In order to enhance traditional building materials, High-performance concrete (HPC) is being modified by adding carbon and basalt fibers with volume contents of 0.75–1.25% and 0.15–0.35%, respectively. The original mechanical properties are maintained while developing the material’s intelligent self-sensing and self-heating functions, which are tested for pressure sensitivity and bending sensitivity, and with electrothermal tests. The results demonstrate that carbon fiber can significantly reduce the matrix resistivity of high-performance concrete, reaching the percolation threshold at a content of 1%. The inclusion of basalt fibers in the material results in a decrease in resistivity. However, the addition of mixed fibers leads to improved mechanical–electrical sensitivity under compression and bending, with a positive hybrid effect. The optimal contents for carbon fiber and basalt are 0.75% and 0.3%, respectively. In electrothermal tests, the specimen can reach a temperature of 104.5 °C with a heating rate of 25.86 °C/h, indicating the potential for self-monitoring and the electric melting of ice and snow. These findings provide support for the intelligent improvement of building structures in the new era.
The Efficacy of Single-pill Combination of Olmesartan Medoxomil and Amlodipine Besylate on Office Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Patients who did not Respond to Amlodipine Besylate Monotherapy

Background As combination therapy, switching to single-pill combination (SPC) medication after a short period of monotherapy is helpful because reducing pill numbers can improve patients’ adherence to medications. This study was aimed to assess the effect of the single-pill combination (SPC) of olmesartan medoxomil 20 mg and amlodipine besylate 5mg (OLM 20 mg/AML 5 mg) on blood pressure (BP) reduction in hypertensive patients who did not respond to amlodipine besylate 5 mg (AML 5 mg) monotherapy for 4 weeks. Methods This study was a prospective, open-label, multi-center, non-comparative study. Patients whose BP was not got the target BP (≥140 mmHg and if diabetic patients ≥130 mmHg) after 4 weeks treatment with AML 5 mg, were enrolled. AML 5 mg was switched to the SPC (OLM 20 mg/AML 5 mg) treatment for 8 weeks. The primary effectiveness endpoint was the reduction of seated systolic blood pressure (SeSBP) after SPC (OLM 20 mg/AML 5 mg) treatment for 8 weeks. The changes of brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), central BP (CBP), and augmentation index (AIx@75) were evaluated also. Results Forty-seven patients were enrolled (mean age = 52±9 years, 36 men). After the SPC treatment for 8 weeks, SeSBP was reduced from 153±9 mmHg to 131±18 mmHg and seated diastolic BP (SeDBP) from 95±8 mmHg to 81±11 mmHg (p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively). The reduction of SeSBP/SeDBP were 22 mmHg and 14 mmHg, respectively. The target goal BP achievement rate was 74.5%, and baPWV, CBP, and AIx@75 were improved. Conclusion SPC (OLM 20 mg/AML 5 mg) treatment for 8 weeks was effective in reducing BP, achieving target BP goal, and also improving arterial stiffness in uncontrolled hypertensive patients with AML 5 mg monotherapy.
Association of Mass Media with Women’s Health Risk Behavior and Service Utilization in Nepal

Background and Objective: Mass media can be a powerful tool for promoting maternal health and improving health outcomes, but it is important to carefully consider the design and implementation of media campaigns to ensure their effectiveness. This study investigates the link between media exposure and maternal healthcare seeking in Nepal, providing insights to improve women’s health and well-being. Materials and Methods: Data were collected from 14,085 women aged 15-49 across urban and rural areas of Nepal's seven provinces. Descriptive, bivariate and logistic regression analyses were conducted, considering individual, household and community-level variables to assess the association between mass media exposure and reproductive health outcomes among women in Nepal. Results: The findings showed, that in comparison with women with no media exposure, women with media exposure were more prone to health service utilization. Logistic regression models revealed significant associations between media exposure and non-smoking (OR = 1.78, p = 0.001), abstaining from alcohol (OR =1.35, p = 0.001), menstrual hygiene management (OR=1.59, p = 0.001), CPR awareness (OR = 1.26, p = 0.001), knowledge of HIV (OR = 3.17, p = 0.001) and HIV testing (OR = 2.55, p = 0.001). Conclusion: Media exposure among women in Nepal is linked to risky health behavior and increased health service utilization. This research informs targeted mass media campaigns for policymakers and healthcare practitioners, offering a potent tool to enhance maternal healthcare and overall health awareness in low-resource settings.
Dualidade entre Criatividade e Controle voltados à Inovação:

Objetivo: verificar o efeito moderador das alavancas de controle na criatividade e na inovação em startups. Método: a pesquisa teve como estratégia o levantamento (survey), com coleta de dados por meio da aplicação de questionário e tratamento com o uso de técnicas de estatística descritiva, modelagem de equações estruturais e regressões lineares. A amostra foi composta por empresas cadastradas na base da Associação Brasileira de Startups (ABStartups), nos estágios de ciclo de vida tração, operação e scaleup, e obteve 153 respostas. Resultados: os achados das relações diretas confirmam os resultados de estudos anteriores, enquanto os testes de moderação evidenciam outras formas de interação entre os diferentes tipos de controle gerencial (positivos e negativos), a criatividade e a inovação, o que representa um avanço em relação aos estudos anteriores. Os resultados apontaram que controles de crenças e diagnóstico, apesar de atuarem como forças opostas, na dualidade entre os controles positivos e negativos, apresentaram efeitos moderadores semelhantes (negativos). Os resultados dos testes de hipóteses que foram contrários ao esperado levantam insights sobre diferentes formas de interação entre as alavancas quando se considera não apenas sua existência e seu uso, mas que a intensidade (alta/baixa) do uso pode afetar essas relações. Contribuições: os resultados contribuem para gestores das startups na compreensão de que os controles, quando aplicados de forma conjunta e equilibrada, não inibem a criatividade e a inovação, mas podem ser usados como um meio para potencializá-las, diferindo do que foi apresentado em estudos anteriores.
Photodynamic Therapy and Immunological View in Gastrointestinal Tumors

Simple Summary Many clinical cases of gastrointestinal tumors exist that require the use of high-precision technology for eradication due to their proximity to vital anatomical sites. These sites within the gastrointestinal system are often inaccessible or unsafe for treatment by traditional surgical procedures. Therefore, we reviewed the current literature on the potential of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and associated immunological anti-tumor mechanisms in gastrointestinal tumors. Since its discovery, PDT has emerged as a powerful method for the treatment of skin and esophageal cancers. Traditionally, PDT uses intravenously injected photosensitizers to generate cytotoxic singlet oxygen upon local illumination. Prodrug delivery strategies have shown promise, but the selectivity of the photosensitizer drug in diseased tissue could be improved. Thus, there is a critical need for treatment strategies that enable photodynamic action site-specifically for enhanced tumor destruction. Abstract Gastrointestinal cancers are a specific group of oncological diseases in which the location and nature of growth are of key importance for clinical symptoms and prognosis. At the same time, as research shows, they pose a serious threat to a patient’s life, especially at an advanced stage of development. The type of therapy used depends on the anatomical location of the cancer, its type, and the degree of progression. One of the modern forms of therapy used to treat gastrointestinal cancers is PDT, which has been approved for the treatment of esophageal cancer in the United States. Despite the increasingly rapid clinical use of this treatment method, the exact immunological mechanisms it induces in cancer cells has not yet been fully elucidated. This article presents a review of the current understanding of the mode of action of photodynamic therapy on cells of various gastrointestinal cancers with an emphasis on colorectal cancer. The types of cell death induced by PDT include apoptosis, necrosis, and pyroptosis. Anticancer effects are also a result of the destruction of tumor vasculature and activation of the immune system. Many reports exist that concern the mechanism of apoptosis induction, of which the mitochondrial pathway is most often emphasized. Photodynamic therapy may also have a beneficial effect on such aspects of cancer as the ability to develop metastases or contribute to reducing resistance to known pharmacological agents.
Neuroprotective Potential of Melatonin: Evaluating Therapeutic Efficacy in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases

Decreased melatonin levels have been linked to both Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), which are the two most prevalent neurodegenerative disorders. The development of sleep disorders is widespread in patients diagnosed with AD or PD. In this regard, calcification of the pineal gland, typically seen in the third decade, has been associated with a reduction in melatonin production. Recent studies have suggested that exogenous melatonin application can be utilized to treat sleep disorders in patients with neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, research has shown that deficiencies in melatonin levels in patients with AD or PD begin before a diagnosis of either disease is made. These findings could encourage further research on melatonin as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis or a possible area for the early treatment of these diseases. Many clinical studies have also produced data denoting melatonin treatment as a method to reduce the detrimental neurocognitive effects of these diseases. Further research on the role of melatonin in neurodegenerative diseases could expand symptomatic and prophylactic treatment options for diseases such as AD and PD. This review investigates melatonin's physiological properties, its role in AD and PD, and current findings on its potential therapeutic benefits in AD and PD patients.