Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Health Benefits of Micronutrients and Stratagies to prevent micronutrient Deficiencies

In metabolism and tissue performance, micronutrients play a key role. Sufficient amount of intake is required to maintain tissue function and metabolic processes. In those people who are extremely depleted and the possibility for complications, the clinical benefits of micronutrient supplements are more advantageous in health improvement. Zinc and vitamin A supplements have contributed to lowered diarrhoea and pneumonia in children in developing countries. In slightly malnourished children, there are some indications that micronutrient supplements have cognitive influence. In several diseases, there is strong proof of the benefit of micronutrient supplements. A well-balanced diet tends to support most of the micronutrients.
Discrete symmetries and transformations of the Hubbard model

We show that, in addition to SO(4), the Hubbard model at half filling on a bipartite lattice has a group of discrete symmetries and transformations. A unique Hubbard-Stratonovich decomposition of the interaction term, incorporating both spin and pseudospin variables on an equal footing, is found in which these symmetries are manifestly present. The consequences of this at the mean field and one loop renormalisation group levels are discussed.
Monte Carlo test of critical exponents and amplitudes in 3D Ising and phi^4 lattice models

We have tested the leading correction-to-scaling exponent omega in O(n)-symmetric models on a three-dimensional lattice by analysing the recent Monte Carlo (MC) data. We have found that the effective critical exponent, estimated at finite sizes of the system L and L/2, decreases remarkably within the range of the simulated L values. This shows the incorrectness of some claims that omega has a very accurate value 0.845(10) at n=1. A selfconsistent infinite volume extrapolation yields row estimates omega=0.547, omega=0.573, and omega=0.625 at n=1, 2, and 3, respectively, in approximate agreement with the corresponding exact values 1/2, 5/9, and 3/5 predicted by our recently developed GFD (grouping of Feynman diagrams) theory. We have fitted the MC data for the susceptibility of 3D Ising model at criticality showing that the effective critical exponent eta tends to increase well above the usually accepted values around 0.036. We have fitted the data within [L;8L], including several terms in the asymptotic expansion with fixed exponents, to obtain the effective amplitudes depending on L. This method clearly demonstrates that the critical exponents of GFD theory are correct (the amplitudes converge to certain asymptotic values at L tending to infinity), whereas those of the perturbative renormalization group (RG) theory are incorrect (the amplitudes diverge). A modification of the standard Ising model by introducing suitable "improved" action (Hamiltonian) does not solve the problem in favour of the perturbative RG theory.
Zearalenone Promotes Uterine Development of Weaned Gilts by Interfering with Serum Hormones and Up-Regulating Expression of Estrogen and Progesterone Receptors

In this study, we aimed to assess the effect of diet ZEA on serum hormones, the location and expression of estrogen receptor ERα/β and progesterone receptor (PR) of the uterus in weaned piglets and to reveal the mechanism underneath. A total of 40 healthy weaned gilts were randomly allocated to basal diet supplemented with 0 (Control), 0.5 (ZEA0.5), 1.0 (ZEA1.0) and 1.5 (ZEA1.5) mg ZEA/kg and fed individually for 35 days. Meanwhile, the porcine endometrial epithelial cells (PECs) were incubated for 24 h with ZEA at 0 (Control), 5 (ZEA5), 20 (ZEA20) and 80 (ZEA80) μmol/L, respectively. The results showed that nutrient apparent digestibility (CP and GE), nutrient apparent availability (ME/GE, BV and NPU), the uterine immunoreactive integrated optic density (IOD), relative mRNA and protein expression of ER-α, ER-β and PR and the relative mRNA and protein expression of ER-α and ER-β in PECs all increased linearly (p < 0.05) with ZEA. Collectively, ZEA can interfere with the secretion of some reproductive hormones in the serum and promote the expression of estrogen/progesterone receptors in the uterus and PECs. All these indicate that ZEA may promote the development of the uterus in weaned gilts through estrogen receptor pathway.
C3, A Command-line Catalog Cross-match Tool for Large Astrophysical Catalogs

Modern Astrophysics is based on multi-wavelength data organized into large and heterogeneous catalogs. Hence, the need for efficient, reliable and scalable catalog cross-matching methods plays a crucial role in the era of the petabyte scale. Furthermore, multi-band data have often very different angular resolution, requiring the highest generality of cross-matching features, mainly in terms of region shape and resolution. In this work we present C3 (Command-line Catalog Cross-match), a multi-platform application designed to efficiently cross-match massive catalogs. It is based on a multi-core parallel processing paradigm and conceived to be executed as a stand-alone command-line process or integrated within any generic data reduction/analysis pipeline, providing the maximum flexibility to the end-user, in terms of portability, parameter configuration, catalog formats, angular resolution, region shapes, coordinate units and cross-matching types. Using real data, extracted from public surveys, we discuss the cross-matching capabilities and computing time efficiency also through a direct comparison with some publicly available tools, chosen among the most used within the community, and representative of different interface paradigms. We verified that the C3 tool has excellent capabilities to perform an efficient and reliable cross-matching between large data sets. Although the elliptical cross-match and the parametric handling of angular orientation and offset are known concepts in the astrophysical context, their availability in the presented command-line tool makes C3 competitive in the context of public astronomical tools.
Magnetic Forces by Permanent Magnets to Manipulate Magnetoresponsive Particles in Drug-Targeting Applications

This study presents preliminary computational and experimental findings on two alternative permanent magnet configurations helpful for magnetic drug administration in vivo. A numerical simulation and a direct experimental measurement of the magnetic induction on the magnet system’s surface were used to map the magnetic field. In addition, the ferrite-type (grade Y35) and permanent neodymium magnets (grade N52) to produce powerful magnetic forces were also examined analytically and quantitatively. Ansys-Maxwell software and Finite Element Method Magnetism (FEMM) version 4.2 were used for all numerical computations in the current investigation. For both magnets, the generated magnetic fields were comparatively studied for targeting Fe particles having a diameter of 6 μm. The following findings were drawn from the present investigation: (i) the particle deposition on the vessel wall is greatly influenced by the intensity of the magnetic field, the magnet type, the magnet size, and the magnetic characteristics of the micro-sized magnetic particles (MSMPs); (ii) ferrite-type magnets might be employed to deliver magnetoresponsive particles to a target location, even if they are less powerful than neodymium magnets; and (iii) the results from the Computational Fluid Dynamics( CFD) models agree well with the measured magnetic field induction, magnetic field strength, and their fluctuation with the distance from the magnet surface.
Design of a hexagonal slot rectenna for RF energy harvesting in Wi‐Fi/WLAN applications

This work proposes a single port hexagonal slotted rectenna operating at 2.45 GHz Wi‐Fi bands, using a hexagonally slotted shape of microstrip radiator surface followed by a voltage rectifier circuit using Schottky diode. A symmetrically extended ground plane and rectangular slots help in obtaining the desired resonance characteristics with improved antenna bandwidth. Three different antenna designs have been compared and analyzed. Best gain and wide most bandwidth is seen in the newly designed rectangular and hexagonal slotted design having symmetrically extended ground plane. A RF capacitor and inductor based matching network has been designed to maximize the wireless power transmission at 2.45 GHz. This also helps to enhance the rectifier efficiency for various values of load resistance and input power. Furthermore, for maintaining the small size and ensuring least amount of energy loss, the rectifier's ground has been directly connected to the antenna's ground plane. The proposed design has been simulated in HFSS and ADS software, prototyped, and measured. It has been seen in the results that, the proposed radio frequency (RF) power receiving antenna is performing very well at 2.45 GHz with a wide bandwidth ranging from 1.25 to 2.63 GHz. The proposed rectenna is having a maximum efficiency of 62.4% at 2.45 GHz with an input power of 0 dBm. Furthermore, with variations in the load resistance across a wide range of values from 4 to 12 kΩ under a wide range of low input power, the rectenna maintains an efficient power conversion, which is found to be an important parameter when the ambient RF signal input to the antenna is weak. As a result, the rectenna may be adaptable to a variety of low‐power electronic circuits by harvesting RF energy at 2.45 GHz Wi‐Fi Band. Furthermore, the proposed antenna can also be used for wireless medical telemetry, satellite phone and Wi‐Fi applications used for the frequency band 1.45 GHz as well.
Physics of High-Temperature Air. Pt. 1. Basics

Abstract : This document provides an introduction for the non-specialist to the physics of dissociating and ionizing air in the temperature range from 1000-12, 000 K. Topics addressed include the equilibrium composition and radiative properties of air under these conditions together with an indication of when and how the assumptions of equilibrium tend to break down. A preliminary discussion is given of applications to missile reentry, to nuclear fireballs, and to the physics of the upper atmosphere.
Chemical Treatment of Sn‐Containing Transparent Conducting Oxides for the Enhanced Adhesion and Thermal Stability of Electroplated Metals

A surface treatment process, named ReTreat, is presented, and is shown to enhance the adhesion of electroplated metals on Sn‐containing transparent conducting oxides (TCOs). The ReTreat process uses Zn powders, FeSO4 and glycine‐buffered aqueous solutions (pH 3 to 5) in order to regulate a controlled and uniform conversion of SnO2 surfaces to SnO, Sn metal, and FexSny alloys. These surface metallic and intermetallic layers selectively enrich the electroplating of metallic films (including Ni, Au, and Ag). Subsequently, the process has been used to fabricate thermally stable metal films on rigid FTO‐coated glass and flexible ITO‐coated PET substrates. Standardized testing confirms that the metallic coatings exhibit sufficient adhesion to the underlying TCO with high thermal stability and tolerance to flexural strain. A reaction mechanism for the heterogenous surface treatment is deduced from X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and in situ transmittance measurements. These investigations show how the process parameters (e.g., Zn powders, FeSO4 concentration, pH, and TCO type) impact the reaction rate, morphology, and composition of the treated TCO surface. This report provides detailed insights necessary for the future implementation of this innovative surface treatment, which has the prospect to be a customary process for electroplating onto Sn‐containing TCOs.
Experimental measurement of energy transport in tokamak plasmas

tokamak plasma near equilibrium can be perturbed with modulated power sources, such as modulated electron cyclotron heating, or repeated cold pulse application. Temperature response to cyclical changes in proﬁles parameters that are induced by modulated power deposition can be used to test theoretical transport models as well as improve experimental phenomenology used to optimize tokamak performance. The goal of this document to discuss some methods of analyzing electron temperature data in the context of energy transport. Speciﬁc experiments are considered in order to demonstrate the methods discussed, as well as to examine the electron energy transport properties of these shots.
Language issues in mathematics and science: An analysis of examiners' reports on students' performance in Caribbean Secondary Education Certificate Examinations (2010-2011)

This study adopted a systemic-functional approach to analyse the language issues that examiners referred to in their reports on candidates' performance in mathematics and science examinations administered by the Caribbean Examinations Council (CXC) in 2010-2011. Content analysis of reports in mathematics, chemistry, biology, physics, human and social biology, and integrated science identified four salient areas of language challenges for students - subject discipline terminology, data representation, content area reading, and content area writing - as these related to students' understanding and expression. Examiners' recommendations to address these issues were also analysed. It is suggested that Caribbean students may be facing challenges in accessing academic language through a language that is not their first language, and that this influences their ability to use conventional tools of the disciplines to show their understanding of mathematics and science in examinations. The article also makes recommendations for curricular review to provide greater opportunities for students to develop critical language skills in content areas.
Optimizing the Synthetic Conditions of “Green” Colloidal AgBiS2 Nanocrystals Using a Low-Cost Sulfur Source

Colloidal AgBiS2 nanocrystals (NCs) have attracted increasing attention as a near–infrared absorbent materials with non–toxic elements and a high absorption coefficient. In recent years, colloidal AgBiS2 NCs have typically been synthesized via the hot injection method using hexamethyldisilathiane (TMS) as the sulfur source. However, the cost of TMS is one of the biggest obstacles to large–scale synthesis of colloidal AgBiS2 NCs. Herein, we synthesized colloidal AgBiS2 NCs using oleylamine@sulfur (OLA–S) solution as the sulfur source instead of TMS and optimized the synthesis conditions of colloidal AgBiS2 NCs. By controlling the reaction injection temperature and the dosage of OLA–S, colloidal AgBiS2 NCs with adjustable size can be synthesized. Compared with TMS–based colloidal AgBiS2 NCs, the colloidal AgBiS2 NCs based on OLA–S has good crystallinity and fewer defects.
The building plan automatic design optimization based on CFD numerical intelligent simulation

To apply the thermal comfort to the optimization of building layout, a variable design method based on Kmeans clustering is proposed. The evaluation was based on numerical simulation, genetic algorithm and universal thermal climate index (UTCI) to implement the building layout optimization on Matlab. Finally, the building layouts with centralized type, decentralized type and edge flow type water configuration were optimized, respectively. The results show that after the optimization, a reduction of 0.1∼0.6°C of UTCI was observed. We concluded that under moderate heat stress, the increase in wind velocity is the key to thermal comfort improvement.
A Privacy-Preserving Crowd Flow Prediction Framework Based on Federated Learning during Epidemics

Predicting and managing the movement of people in a region during epidemics’ outbreak is an important step in preventing outbreaks. The protection of user privacy during the outbreak has become a matter of public concern in recent years, yet deep learning models based on datasets collected from mobile devices may pose privacy and security issues. Therefore, how to develop an accurate crowd flow prediction while preserving privacy is a significant problem to be solved, and there is a tradeoff between these two objectives. In this paper, we propose a privacy-preserving mobility prediction framework via federated learning (CFPF) to solve this problem without significantly sacrificing the prediction performance. In this framework, we designed a deep and embedding learning approach called “Multi-Factors CNN-LSTM” (MFCL) that can help to explicitly learn from human trajectory data (weather, holidays, temperature, and POI) during epidemics. Furthermore, we improve the existing federated learning framework by introducing a clustering algorithm to classify clients with similar spatio-temporal characteristics into the same cluster, and select servers at the center of the cluster as edge central servers to integrate the optimal model for each cluster and improve the prediction accuracy. To address the privacy concerns, we introduce local differential privacy into the FL framework which can facilitate collaborative learning with uploaded gradients from users instead of sharing users’ raw data. Finally, we conduct extensive experiments on a realistic crowd flow dataset to evaluate the performance of our CFPF and make a comparison with other existing models. The experimental results demonstrate that our solution can not only achieve accurate crowd flow prediction but also provide a strong privacy guarantee at the same time.
Pharmacokinetics and Biological Activity of Cucurbitacins

Cucurbitacins are a class of secondary metabolites initially isolated from the Cucurbitaceae family. They are important for their analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antiviral, and anticancer biological actions. This review addresses pharmacokinetic parameters recently reported, including absorption, metabolism, distribution, and elimination phases of cucurbitacins. It includes recent studies of the molecular mechanisms of the biological activity of the most studied cucurbitacins and some derivatives, especially their anticancer capacity, to propose the integration of the pharmacokinetic profiles of cucurbitacins and the possibilities of their use. The main botanical genera and species of American origin that have been studied, and others whose chemo taxonomy makes them essential sources for the extraction of these metabolites, are summarized.
The Sizes and Depletions of the Dust and Gas Cavities in the Transitional Disk J160421.7-213028

We report ALMA Cycle 2 observations of 230 GHz (1.3 mm) dust continuum emission, and 12CO, 13CO, and C18O J = 2–1 line emission, from the Upper Scorpius transitional disk [PZ99] J160421.7-213028, with an angular resolution of ∼ (35 au). Armed with these data and existing H-band scattered light observations, we measure the size and depth of the disk’s central cavity, and the sharpness of its outer edge, in three components: sub-μm-sized “small” dust traced by scattered light, millimeter-sized “big” dust traced by the millimeter continuum, and gas traced by line emission. Both dust populations feature a cavity of radius ∼70 au that is depleted by factors of at least 1000 relative to the dust density just outside. The millimeter continuum data are well explained by a cavity with a sharp edge. Scattered light observations can be fitted with a cavity in small dust that has either a sharp edge at 60 au, or an edge that transitions smoothly over an annular width of 10 au near 60 au. In gas, the data are consistent with a cavity that is smaller, about 15 au in radius, and whose surface density at 15 au is times smaller than the surface density at 70 au; the gas density grades smoothly between these two radii. The CO isotopologue observations rule out a sharp drop in gas surface density at 30 au or a double-drop model, as found by previous modeling. Future observations are needed to assess the nature of these gas and dust cavities (e.g., whether they are opened by multiple as-yet-unseen planets or photoevaporation).
Valence-band excitations in V2O5

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Sparse Decomposition of EPI by Using Greedy Pursuit Algorithm

EPI (Epipolar Plane Image) is the basic element in representation of 3D image and FTV (Free-view point TV). In order to generate the FTV, a huge amount of data has to be acquired, which has been posing a great challenge for the application of FTV. Numerous methods have been conducted to handle the capturing issue until the concept of compressed sensing was proposed, which has triggered a great revolution in signal acquisition ﬁeld. Fortunately, the compressed sensing can also be used for capture of Ray space to generate FTV. In addition, for reducing the number of measurements in compressed sensing, it is necessary to analyze the sparsity of signal ﬁrst, and the special properties of EPI give us a platform to do the special process and analysis to this category of image. In this paper, we focus on the sparse decomposition of EPI, and try to represent EPI by the combination of few atoms in the overcomplete dictionary by greedy pursuit algorithm. The experimental result gives the comparison of the sparse decompositions by using different dictionaries.
High-Temperature Quantum Hall Effect in Graphite-Gated Graphene Heterostructure Devices with High Carrier Mobility

Since the discovery of the quantum Hall effect in 1980, it has attracted intense interest in condensed matter physics and has led to a new type of metrological standard by utilizing the resistance quantum. Graphene, a true two-dimensional electron gas material, has demonstrated the half-integer quantum Hall effect and composite-fermion fractional quantum Hall effect due to its unique massless Dirac fermions and ultra-high carrier mobility. Here, we use a monolayer graphene encapsulated with hexagonal boron nitride and few-layer graphite to fabricate micrometer-scale graphene Hall devices. The application of a graphite gate electrode significantly screens the phonon scattering from a conventional SiO2/Si substrate, and thus enhances the carrier mobility of graphene. At a low temperature, the carrier mobility of graphene devices can reach 3 × 105 cm2/V·s, and at room temperature, the carrier mobility can still exceed 1 × 105 cm2/V·s, which is very helpful for the development of high-temperature quantum Hall effects under moderate magnetic fields. At a low temperature of 1.6 K, a series of half-integer quantum Hall plateaus are well-observed in graphene with a magnetic field of 1 T. More importantly, the ν = ±2 quantum Hall plateau clearly persists up to 150 K with only a few-tesla magnetic field. These findings show that graphite-gated high-mobility graphene devices hold great potential for high-sensitivity Hall sensors and resistance metrology standards for the new Système International d’unités.