Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dl-3-n-Butylphthalide (NBP) Mitigates Muscular Injury Induced by Limb Ischemia/Reperfusion in Mice through the HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB Pathway

Objective Limb ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a clinical syndrome associated with severe damages to skeletal muscles and other fatal outcomes. Oxidative stress and inflammatory response play vital roles in the development of limb I/R injury. Existing evidence further indicates that Dl-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP) has anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties. However, whether NBP can protect skeletal muscles from limb I/R injury and the mechanism in mediating the action of NBP treatment still remain to be investigated, which are the focuses of the current study. Methods The model of limb I/R injury was established and H&E staining was adopted to assess the pathological changes in skeletal muscles following limb I/R injury. Additionally, the W/D ratio of muscle tissue was also measured. ELISA and biochemical tests were carried out to measure the levels of inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress in mouse models of limb I/R injury. Moreover, the levels of the HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB pathway-related proteins were also determined using immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting. Results It was established that NBP treatment alleviated I/R-induced pathological changes in muscular tissue of mice, accompanied by lower W/D ratio of skeletal muscular tissue. Meanwhile, the limb I/R-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in skeletal muscles of mice were also inhibited by NBP. Mechanistic study indicated that the alleviatory effect of NBP was ascribed to inactivation of the HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB pathway. Conclusions Our findings highlighted the potential of NBP as a novel strategy for limb I/R-driven muscle tissue damages by suppressing inflammatory response and oxidative stress via the HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB pathway.
Period-luminosity relations of type II Cepheids in the Magellanic Clouds

Period–luminosity relations (PLRs) of type II Cepheids (T2Cs) in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) are derived based on OGLE-III, IRSF/SIRIUS and other data, and these are compared with results for the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) and Galactic globular clusters. Evidence is found for a change of the PLR slopes from system to system. Treating the longer period T2Cs (W Vir stars) separately gives an SMC–LMC modulus difference of 0.39 ± 0.05 mag without any metallicity corrections being applied. This agrees well with the difference in moduli based on different distance indicators, in particular the PLRs of classical Cepheids. The shorter period T2Cs (BL Her stars) give a smaller SMC–LMC difference suggesting that their absolute magnitudes might be affected either by metallicity or by age effects. It is shown that the frequency distribution of T2C periods also changes from system to system.
Simulated Hydrological Dynamics and Coupled Iron Redox Cycling Impact Methane Production in an Arctic Soil

The fate of organic carbon (C) in permafrost soils is important to the climate system due to the large global stocks of permafrost C. Thawing permafrost can be subject to dynamic hydrology, making redox processes an important factor controlling soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition rates and greenhouse gas production. In iron (Fe)‐rich permafrost soils, Fe(III) can serve as a terminal electron acceptor, promoting anaerobic respiration of SOM and increasing pH. Current large‐scale models of Arctic C cycling do not include Fe cycling or pH interactions. Here, a geochemical reaction model was developed by coupling Fe redox reactions and C cycling to simulate SOM decomposition, Fe(III) reduction, pH dynamics, and greenhouse gas production in permafrost soils subject to dynamic hydrology. We parameterized the model using measured CO2 and CH4 fluxes as well as changes in pH, Fe(II), and dissolved organic C concentrations from oxic and anoxic incubations of permafrost soils from polygonal permafrost sites in northern Alaska, United States. In simulations of repeated oxic‐anoxic cycles, Fe(III) reduction during anoxic periods enhanced CO2 production, while the net effect of Fe(III) reduction on cumulative CH4 fluxes depended on substrate C availability. With lower substrate availability, Fe(III) reduction decreased total CH4 production by further limiting available substrate. With higher substrate availability, Fe(III) reduction enhanced CH4 production by increasing pH. Our results suggest that interactions among Fe‐redox reactions, pH and methanogenesis are important factors in predicting CH4 and CO2 production as well as SOM decomposition rates in Fe‐rich, frequently waterlogged Arctic soils.
Probing the turbulent mixing strength in protoplanetary disks across the stellar mass range: no significant variations

Context. Dust settling and grain growth are the first steps in the planet-formation process in protoplanetary disks. These disks are observed around stars with different spectral types, and there are indications that the disks around lower mass stars are significantly flatter, which could indicate that they settle and evolve faster, or in a different way. Aims. We aim to test this hypothesis by modeling the median spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of three samples of protoplanetary disks: around Herbig stars, T Tauri stars and brown dwarfs. We focus on the turbulent mixing strength to avoid a strong observational bias from disk and stellar properties that depend on stellar mass. Methods. We generated SEDs with the radiative transfer code MCMax, using a hydrostatic disk structure and settling the dust in a self-consistent way with the alpha-prescription to probe the turbulent mixing strength. Results. We are able to fit all three samples with a disk with the same input parameters, scaling the inner edge to the dust evaporation radius and disk mass to millimeter photometry. The Herbig stars require a special treatment for the inner rim regions, while the T Tauri stars require viscous heating, and the brown dwarfs lack a good estimate of the disk mass because only few millimeter detections exist. Conclusions. We find that the turbulent mixing strength does not vary across the stellar mass range for a fixed grain size distribution and gas-to-dust ratio. Regions with the same temperature have a self-similar vertical structure independent of stellar mass, but regions at the same distance from the central star appear more settled in disks around lower mass stars. We find a relatively low turbulent mixing strength of alpha = 10(-4) for a standard grain size distribution, but our results are also consistent with alpha = 10(-2) for a grain size distribution with fewer small grains or a lower gas-to-dust ratio.
Micro-RNA193a-3p Inhibits Breast Cancer Cell Driven Growth of Vascular Endothelial Cells by Altering Secretome and Inhibiting Mitogenesis: Transcriptomic and Functional Evidence

Breast cancer (BC) cell secretome in the tumor microenvironment (TME) facilitates neo-angiogenesis by promoting vascular endothelial cell (VEC) growth. Drugs that block BC cell growth or angiogenesis can restrict tumor growth and are of clinical relevance. Molecules that can target both BC cell and VEC growth as well as BC secretome may be more effective in treating BC. Since small non-coding microRNAs (miRs) regulate cell growth and miR193a-3p has onco-suppressor activity, we investigated whether miR193a-3p inhibits MCF-7-driven growth (proliferation, migration, capillary formation, signal transduction) of VECs. Using BC cells and VECs grown in monolayers or 3D spheroids and gene microarrays, we demonstrate that: pro-growth effects of MCF-7 and MDA-MB231 conditioned medium (CM) are lost in CM collected from MCF-7/MDA-MB231 cells pre-transfected with miR193a-3p (miR193a-CM). Moreover, miR193a-CM inhibited MAPK and Akt phosphorylation in VECs. In microarray gene expression studies, miR193a-CM upregulated 553 genes and downregulated 543 genes in VECs. Transcriptomic and pathway enrichment analysis of differentially regulated genes revealed downregulation of interferon-associated genes and pathways that induce angiogenesis and BC/tumor growth. An angiogenesis proteome array confirmed the downregulation of 20 pro-angiogenesis proteins by miR193a-CM in VECs. Additionally, in MCF-7 cells and VECs, estradiol (E2) downregulated miR193a-3p expression and induced growth. Ectopic expression of miR193a-3p abrogated the growth stimulatory effects of estradiol E2 and serum in MCF-7 cells and VECs, as well as in MCF-7 and MCF-7+VEC 3D spheroids. Immunostaining of MCF-7+VEC spheroid sections with ki67 showed miR193a-3p inhibits cell proliferation. Taken together, our findings provide first evidence that miR193a-3p abrogates MCF-7-driven growth of VECs by altering MCF-7 secretome and downregulating pro-growth interferon signals and proangiogenic proteins. Additionally, miR193a-3p inhibits serum and E2-induced growth of MCF-7, VECs, and MCF-7+VEC spheroids. In conclusion, miRNA193a-3p can potentially target/inhibit BC tumor angiogenesis via a dual mechanism: (1) altering proangiogenic BC secretome/TME and (2) inhibiting VEC growth. It may represent a therapeutic molecule to target breast tumor growth.
CHARACTERIZATION OF ARSENIC RESISTANT BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM THE SOIL OF KHULNA SHIPYARD

Thirty four arsenic resistant bacterial strains were isolated from the soil samples of Khulna Shipyard. They were isolated by growing them on nutrient broth medium containing 5 mgl-1 of arsenic. From them, five strains were finally selected, and studied their morphological, biochemical and ecological characters in details. They were identified as Bacillus lichenifomis, Bacillus polymyxa, Listeria murrayi, Moraxella urethralis and Planococcus citreus. All of these strains were able to tolerate upto100 ppm (mgl-1) of arsenic (III). It is possibly due to the presence of arsenic (III) resistance mechanism(s) in these bacterial strains. The optimum pH and temperature for the growth of these bacterial strains were 8.5 and 37 °C, respectively.
Novel Long-Acting Oxytocin Analog with Increased Efficacy in Reducing Food Intake and Body Weight

Oxytocin (OXT) analogues have been designed to overcome the limitation of the short half-life of the native OXT peptide. Here, we tested ASK2131 on obesity related outcomes in diet-induced obese (DIO) Sprague Dawley rats. In vitro function assays were conducted. The effects of daily subcutaneous injections of ASK2131 vs. OXT and pair-feeding were assessed on food intake and body weight in vivo. ASK2131 is a longer-lasting OXT analog with improved pharmacokinetics compared to OXT (T1/2: 2.3 vs. 0.12 h). In chronic 22-day administration, ASK2131 was administered at 50 nmol/kg, while OXT doses were titrated up to 600 nmol/kg because OXT appeared to be less effective at reducing energy intake relative to ASK2131 at equimolar doses. After 22 days, vehicle-treated animals gained 4.5% body weight, OXT rats maintained their body weight, while those treated with ASK2131 declined in weight continuously over the 22-day period, leading to a 6.6 ± 1.3% reduction (mean ± standard error) compared to baseline. Compared to their pair-fed counterparts, ASK2131-treated rats showed a more pronounced reduction in body weight through most of the study. In summary, ASK2131 is a promising OXT-based therapeutic, with extended in vivo stability and improved potency leading to a profound reduction in body weight partly explained by reduced food intake.
Operational quantum theory without predefined time

The standard formulation of quantum theory assumes a predefined notion of time. This is a major obstacle in the search for a quantum theory of gravity, where the causal structure of space-time is expected to be dynamical and fundamentally probabilistic in character. Here, we propose a generalized formulation of quantum theory without predefined time or causal structure, building upon a recently introduced operationally time-symmetric approach to quantum theory. The key idea is a novel isomorphism between transformations and states which depends on the symmetry transformation of time reversal. This allows us to express the time-symmetric formulation in a time-neutral form with a clear physical interpretation, and ultimately drop the assumption of time. In the resultant generalized formulation, operations are associated with regions that can be connected in networks with no directionality assumed for the connections, generalizing the standard circuit framework and the process matrix framework for operations without global causal order. The possible events in a given region are described by positive semidefinite operators on a Hilbert space at the boundary, while the connections between regions are described by entangled states that encode a nontrivial symmetry and could be tested in principle. We discuss how the causal structure of space-time could be understood as emergent from properties of the operators on the boundaries of compact space-time regions. The framework is compatible with indefinite causal order, timelike loops, and other acausal structures.
On the Single-Point Calculation of Stress–Strain Data under Large Deformations with Stress and Mixed Control

Stress–strain data with a given constitutive model of material can be calculated directly at a single material point. In this work, we propose a framework to perform single-point calculations under large deformations with stress and mixed control, to test and validate sophisticated constitutive models for materials. Inspired by Galerkin–FFT methods, a well-defined mask projector is used for stress and mixed control, and the derived nonlinear equations are solved in Newton iterations with Krylov solvers, simplifying implementation. One application example of the single-point calculator in developing sophisticated models for anisotropic single crystal rate-independent elastoplasticity is given, illustrating that the proposed algorithm can simulate asymmetrical deformation responses under uni-axial loading. Another example for artificial neural network models of the particle reinforced composite is also given, demonstrating that the commonly used machine learning or deep learning modeling frameworks can be directly incorporated into the proposed calculator. The central difference approximation of the tangent is validated so that derivative-free calculations for black-box constitutive models are possible. The proposed Python-coded single-point calculator is shown to be capable of quickly building, testing, and validating constitutive models with sophisticated or implicit structures, thus boosting the development of novel constitutive models for advanced solid materials.
Herschel : the first science highlights Special feature L etter to the E ditor Star formation triggered by H II regions in our Galaxy First results for N 49 from the Herschel infrared survey of the Galactic plane

Context. It has been shown that by means of different physical mechanisms the expansion of H ii regions can trigger the formation of new stars of all masses. This process may be important to the formation of massive stars but has never been quantified in the Galaxy. Aims. We use Herschel-PACS and -SPIRE images from the Herschel infrared survey of the Galactic plane, Hi-GAL, to perform this study. Methods. We combine the Spitzer-GLIMPSE and -MIPSGAL, radio-continuum and submillimeter surveys such as ATLASGAL with Hi-GAL to study young stellar objects (YSOs) observed towards Galactic H ii regions. We select a representative H ii region, N49, located in the field centered on l = 30◦ observed as part of the Hi-GAL science demonstration phase, to demonstrate the importance Hi-GAL will have to this field of research. Results. Hi-GAL PACS and SPIRE images reveal a new population of embedded young stars, coincident with bright ATLASGAL condensations. The Hi-GAL images also allow us, for the first time, to constrain the physical properties of the newly formed stars by means of fits to their spectral energy distribution. Massive young stellar objects are observed at the borders of the N49 region and represent second generation massive stars whose formation has been triggered by the expansion of the ionized region. Conclusions. The first Hi-GAL images obtained using PACS and SPIRE have demonstrated the capability to investigate star formation triggered by H ii regions. With radio, submillimeter, and shorter wavelength infrared data from other surveys, the Hi-GAL images reveal young massive star-forming clumps surrounding the perimeter of the N49 H ii generated bubble. Hi-GAL enables us to detect a population of young stars at different evolutionary stages, cold condensations only being detected in the SPIRE wavelength range. The far IR coverage of Hi-GAL strongly constrains the physical properties of the YSOs. The large and unbiased spatial coverage of this survey offers us a unique opportunity to lead, for the first time, a global study of star formation triggered by H ii regions in our Galaxy.
Assessing the Testability of the Multi-Theory Model (MTM) in Predicting Vaping Quitting Behavior among Young Adults in the United States: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Purpose: Given the increased exposure to e-cigarettes and nicotine among young adults, difficulty in quitting vaping is likely, which supports the need for effective behavioral interventions. Therefore, this cross-sectional study aims to assess the testability of the contemporary multi-theory model of health behavior change in predicting the vaping quitting behavior among young adults in the United States. Methods: A nationally representative sample of 619 young adults engaged in vaping behavior and aged 18–24 years was recruited to complete a 49-item web-based survey. A structural equation model was used to test relationships between MTM constructs. Hierarchical multiple regression was utilized to predict the variance in the initiation and sustenance of vaping quitting behavior by predictor variables, such as demographic characteristics, history of behaviors, and MTM constructs. Results: Of 619 respondents, over 75% were White and nearly 70% had educational attainment equal to high school or some college. In total, 62% of respondents were using nicotine, followed by 33.3% were using cannabis. About 80% of the respondents reported being engaged in drinking alcohol, and nearly 45% were engaged in cigarette smoking. The predictive effect of all MTM constructs on vaping quitting initiation (adjusted R2 = 0.417, F (23, 595) = 20.215, p < 0.001) and sustenance (adjusted R2 = 0.366, F (23, 595) = 16.533, p < 0.001) was statistically significant. Conclusions: The findings of this study point to the usability and applicability of MTM in operationalizing and developing vaping quitting behavior interventions targeting young adults.
The effect of Supply Chain Management on Competitive Advantage: COVID-19

Companies try to create robust supply chains that allow them to bring their products to market faster, more efficiently, and more affordable than their competitors. However, due to the crisis repercussions, many companies faced many challenges to maintain their revenues and enhance their competitive positions, by gaining a competitive advantage and sustaining them for the longest possible period. However, this paper aims to investigate the moderating role of talent management processes between supply chain and competitive advantage in light of COVID-19. a survey questionnaire was used, which was constructed according to sources related to supply chains in the context of Jordanian industrial companies. Moreover, this paper is characterized by recognizing the role that supply chain management plays in achieving competitive advantage, and the modified role of talent management. Contributions were made to decision makers about taking advantage of the benefits of supply chain management in achieving competitive advantage and the need to more focus on talent management.
Improved radiative corrections and proton charge form factor from the Rosenbluth separation technique

We investigate whether the apparent discrepancy between proton electric form factors from measurements using the Rosenbluth separation technique and those obtained with the polarization transfer method is attributable to the standard approximations employed in radiative correction procedures. Inaccuracies attributable to both the peaking approximation and the soft-photon approximation have been removed in our simulation approach. In contrast to results from (e,e{sup '}p) experiments, we find those in this case to be too small to explain the discrepancy.
Raman scattering with near infrared excitation selectively resonant with the indirect bandgap of bulk MoSe2

Resonance Raman scattering has proven extremely useful for the study of two-dimensional materials, as it provides information on both the electronic and vibrational excitations and on the coupling among them. Here we show that by employing infrared excitation energy we can identify the Raman resonance processes in MoSe2 crystals, obtaining information on phonon modes away from $\Gamma$ point.
Topic Sentence Named Entity Recognition: A New Task with Its Dataset and Benchmarks

In this paper, we focus on a new type of named 001 entity recognition (NER) task called topic sen-002 tence NER. A topic sentence means a short and 003 compact sentence that acts as a summary of 004 a long document. For example, a title can be 005 seen as a topic sentence of its article. Topic 006 sentence NER aims to extract named entities in 007 a topic sentence given the corresponding unla-008 beled document as a reference. This task repre-009 sents real-world scenarios where full-document 010 NER is too expensive and obtaining the en-011 tities only in topic sentences is enough for 012 downstream tasks. To achieve this, we con-013 struct a large-scale human-annotated T opic 014 S entence NER dataset, named TSNER. The 015 dataset contains 12,000 annotated sentences ac-016 companied by their unlabeled document. Based 017 on TSNER, we propose a family of represen-018 tative and strong baseline models, which can 019 utilize both single-sentence and document-level 020 features. We will make the dataset public in 021 the hope of advancing the research on the topic 022 sentence NER task. 023