Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Incidental visual processing of spatiotemporal cues in communicative interactions: An fMRI investigation

Abstract The interpretation of social interactions between people is important in many daily situations. The coordination of the relative body movements between them may provide visual cues that observers use without attention to discriminate such social interactions from the actions of people acting independently of each other. Previous studies highlighted brain regions involved in the visual processing of interacting versus independently acting people, including posterior superior temporal sulcus, and areas of lateral occipitotemporal and parietal cortices. Unlike these previous studies, we focused on the incidental visual processing of social interactions; that is, the processing of the body movements outside the observers’ focus of attention. In the current study, we used functional imaging to measure brain activation while participants were presented with point-light dyads portraying communicative interactions or individual actions. However, their task was to discriminate the brightness of two crosses also on the screen. To investigate brain regions that may process the spatial and temporal relationships between the point-light displays, we either reversed the facing direction of one agent or spatially scrambled the local motion of the points. Incidental processing of communicative interactions elicited activation in right anterior STS only when the two agents were facing each other. Controlling for differences in local motion by subtracting brain activation to scrambled versions of the point-light displays revealed significant activation in parietal cortex for communicative interactions, as well as left amygdala and brain stem/cerebellum. Our results complement previous studies and suggest that additional brain regions may be recruited to incidentally process the spatial and temporal contingencies that distinguish people acting together from people acting individually.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PARENTAL INFLUENCE AND FORMAL EDUCATION ON FINANCIAL LITERACY AMONG EARLY UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN NIGERIA: A REVIEW OF HOME-BASED FINANCIAL TEACHINGS AND SCHOOL-BASED ACCOUNTING EDUCATION

This study compares the effects of formal education—specifically, school-based accounting education—and parental influence on the financial literacy of first-year Nigerian university students. The research explores the intricate interactions among these variables, illuminating their importance and constraints in the particular Nigerian setting. According to the literature review, parents significantly influence young adults' financial attitudes and behaviors. A person's financial literacy has been demonstrated to be significantly impacted by informal, home-based financial education. The degree of guidance varies depending on parental financial literacy and economic diversity, meaning that parental influence is not always equally effective. Formal education, exemplified by accounting education in schools, provides a theoretical framework for financial concepts but frequently lacks a practical focus. Furthermore, concerns concerning uniformity are raised by differences in the caliber and applicability of accounting education among Nigerian institutions and regions. The implications that can be inferred from these findings are the need to encourage financial education at home, increase the practical applicability of formal education, and guarantee uniformity and quality control in formal financial education. Prospective research avenues, such as cross-cultural comparisons and longitudinal studies, present opportunities to expand the financial literacy knowledge among Nigerian early university students. Policymakers, educators, and researchers can build on this review paper as they continue to promote financial literacy and the financial health of Nigeria's youth. Keywords: Financial Literacy, Parental Influence, Formal Education, School-Based Accounting Education, Early University Students, Nigeria, Comparative Analysis, Financial Education.
Wrong-Path-Aware Entangling Instruction Prefetcher

Instruction prefetching is instrumental for guaranteeing a high flow of instructions through the processor front end for applications whose working set does not fit in the lower-level caches. Examples of such applications are server workloads, whose instruction footprints are constantly growing. There are two main techniques to mitigate this problem: fetch directed prefetching (or decoupled front end) and instruction cache (L1I) prefetching. This work extends the state-of-the-art Entangling prefetcher to avoid training during wrong-path execution. Our Entangling wrong-path-aware prefetcher is equipped with microarchitectural techniques that eliminate more than 99% of wrong-path pollution, thus reaching 98.9% of the performance of an ideal wrong-path-aware solution. Next, we propose two microarchitectural optimizations able to further increase performance benefits by 1.8%, on average. All this is achieved with just 304 bytes. Finally, we study the interplay between the L1I prefetcher and a decoupled front end. Our analysis shows that due to pollution caused by wrong-path instructions, the degree of decoupling cannot be increased unlimitedly without negative effects on the energy-delay product (EDP). Furthermore, the closer to ideal is the L1I prefetcher, the less decoupling is required. For example, our Entangling prefetcher reaches an optimal EDP with a decoupling degree of 64 instructions.
Neurophysiology, Neuro-Immune Interactions, and Mechanobiology in Osteopathy in the Cranial Field: An Evidence-Informed Perspective for a Scientific Rationale

(1) Background: Osteopathy in the cranial field (OCF) is a distinctive approach within osteopathy, focusing on the cranial region’s manual manipulation. Nevertheless, OCF fosters doubt in the scientific community because it refers to out-of-date models. This perspective paper critically analyzes the current knowledge in the fields of neurophysiology and mechanobiology to propose an evidence-informed rationale for OCF. (2) Methods: The reporting framework used in the current perspective article obeyed the guidelines for writing a commentary. (3) Results: The article’s main findings focus on the tactile stimulation of exocranial receptors and their implications in the management of craniofacial algic-dysfunctional syndromes implementing OCF. (4) Conclusions: By establishing an evidence-based rationale for OCF, this research aims to guide future directions in OCF and contribute to a more patient-centered and effective approach to health and wellbeing.
EFFECTS OF TEACHER’S MOTIVATING STYLES ON LEARNER AUTONOMY OF ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE ELEMENTARY STUDENTS

The aim of this study was 1) to investigate the motivational style of the teachers and 2) to examine teacher’s instructional and motivational style in practice and learner autonomy in the classroom. The two main teacher's motivational styles this research focused on were controlling and autonomy-supportive style. The participants of this study were 16 grade 1 and 2 teachers and students from 5 different Demonstration Schools. Quantitative data was analyzed using questionnaire and Qualitative data was analyzed using observation and stimulated recall. The results of the analyses revealed that (1) the percentages reveal that all teachers scored higher on autonomy-supportive style than controlling style, ranging from 90.00% to 53.33% (2) classroom observations revealed the teacher’s with higher autonomy-supportive motivating style led to learner autonomy in classroom compared to teacher with medium and lower autonomy-supportive style and (3) stimulated recall gives the in-depth perspective from the teacher’s point of view regarding motivating style and learner autonomy in their classroom. It can be implied that EFL elementary teachers motivating style is autonomy-supportive and sporadically promote learner the autonomy when conducting a lesson.
Neuroprotective Effects of N-methyl-(2S, 4R)-trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline (NMP) against Amyloid-β-Induced Alzheimer’s Disease Mouse Model

Alzheimer’s disease (AD), is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that involves the deposition of β-amyloid plaques and the clinical symptoms of confusion, memory loss, and cognitive dysfunction. Despite enormous progress in the field, no curative treatment is available. Therefore, the current study was designed to determine the neuroprotective effects of N-methyl-(2S, 4R)-Trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline (NMP) obtained from Sideroxylon obtusifolium, a Brazilian folk medicine with anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties. Here, for the first time, we explored the neuroprotective role of NMP in the Aβ1–42-injected mouse model of AD. After acclimatization, a single intracerebroventricular injection of Aβ1–42 (5 µL/5 min/mouse) in C57BL/6N mice induced significant amyloidogenesis, reactive gliosis, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and synaptic and memory deficits. However, an intraperitoneal injection of NMP at a dose of (50 mg/kg/day) for three consecutive weeks remarkably decreased beta secretase1 (BACE-1) and Aβ, activated the astrocyte and microglia expression level as well as downstream inflammatory mediators such as pNF-ĸB, TNF-α, and IL-1β. NPM also strongly attenuated oxidative stress, as evaluated by the expression level of NRF2/HO-1, and synaptic failure, by improving the level of both the presynaptic (SNAP-25 and SYN) and postsynaptic (PSD-95 and SNAP-23) regions of the synapses in the cortexes and hippocampi of the Aβ1–42-injected mice, contributing to cognitive improvement in AD and improving the behavioral deficits displayed in the Morris water maze and Y-maze. Overall, our data suggest that NMP provides potent multifactorial effects, including the inhibition of amyloid plaques, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and cognitive deficits.
Anisotropy and Deformation Processes in Southern California From Rotational Observations

Seismic anisotropy in the upper mantle reveals geodynamic processes and the tectonic evolution of the Earth. The two most powerful methods, surface wave tomography, and shear‐wave splitting observations, cannot investigate the deep local anisotropy with good vertical and lateral resolution, resulting in poor constraints on plate deformation processes of the complex plate boundary beneath the Southern California region. Here, we show that the amplitude ratio of translational displacement and rotation makes it possible to retrieve the local anisotropy in the upper mantle. Azimuthal anisotropy in the asthenosphere is well determined and resolved in lateral and vertical directions. The fast axis retrieved from amplitude observations indicates the local rapid changes in plate deformation and complex pattern of mantle flow, which is compatible with the distributions of horizontal mantle flow illuminated by geodetic measurements, providing new insights on geodynamic processes of the Southern California region.
Recent Advances in Micro- and Nano-Drug Delivery Systems Based on Natural and Synthetic Biomaterials

Polymeric drug delivery technology, which allows for medicinal ingredients to enter a cell more easily, has advanced considerably in recent decades. Innovative medication delivery strategies use biodegradable and bio-reducible polymers, and progress in the field has been accelerated by future possible research applications. Natural polymers utilized in polymeric drug delivery systems include arginine, chitosan, dextrin, polysaccharides, poly(glycolic acid), poly(lactic acid), and hyaluronic acid. Additionally, poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate), poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide), poly(ethylenimine), dendritic polymers, biodegradable polymers, and bioabsorbable polymers as well as biomimetic and bio-related polymeric systems and drug-free macromolecular therapies have been employed in polymeric drug delivery. Different synthetic and natural biomaterials are in the clinical phase to mitigate different diseases. Drug delivery methods using natural and synthetic polymers are becoming increasingly common in the pharmaceutical industry, with biocompatible and bio-related copolymers and dendrimers having helped cure cancer as drug delivery systems. This review discusses all the above components and how, by combining synthetic and biological approaches, micro- and nano-drug delivery systems can result in revolutionary polymeric drug and gene delivery devices.
A Review of Potential Electrochemical Applications in Buildings for Energy Capture and Storage

The integration of distributed renewable energy technologies (such as building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV)) into buildings, especially in space-constrained urban areas, offers sustainable energy and helps offset fossil-fuel-related carbon emissions. However, the intermittent nature of these distributed renewable energy sources can negatively impact the larger power grids. Efficient onsite energy storage solutions capable of providing energy continuously can address this challenge. Traditional large-scale energy storage methods like pumped hydro and compressed air energy have limitations due to geography and the need for significant space to be economically viable. In contrast, electrochemical storage methods like batteries offer more space-efficient options, making them well suited for urban contexts. This literature review aims to explore potential substitutes for batteries in the context of solar energy. This review article presents insights and case studies on the integration of electrochemical energy harvesting and storage into buildings. The seamless integration can provide a space-efficient source of renewable energy for new buildings or existing structures that often have limited physical space for retrofitting. This work offers a comprehensive examination of existing research by reviewing the strengths and drawbacks of various technologies for electrochemical energy harvesting and storage, identifying those with the potential to integrate into building skins, and highlighting areas for future research and development.
SER UMA EMPRESA GRANDE É VANTAGEM PARA CRESCER? IS BEING A LARGE COMPANY AN ADVANTAGE TO GROW?

Growth can be considered as an evidence of firm success and therefore a desirable consequence of a good business strategy. Despite its apparent importance, there have been few empirical studies on the subject. That was the motivation for this paper, which presents a research exploring a specific characteristic on the relationship between firm size and growth rate. A sample of some 80,320 observations was collected. It represents data from 13,221 firms, 46 countries and nine years. Multivariate data analysis techniques were used. Contrary to previous studies, which used smaller and less extensive samples, evidence of a positive relationship between firm size and growth ratio was found. The results were statistically very significant. The practical meaning and significance of results and the relativity of this relationship relative to the observed large variability of growth rate were discussed.
Agricultural Biotechnology, Gene Flow and Biodiversity

A sustainable strategy to nourish the planet and its people must also promote biodiversity conservation. This strategy will have to include reduction in land degradation and unsustainable overuse of fertilisers, pesticides, fungicides, herbicides, and irrigation water. A case can be made for conserving biodiversity as a source of traits for incorporation, by different genetic tools, into food plants and animals, but an even stronger case can be made for a conserved biodiversity to supply ecosystem services that will nourish the planet and its occupants into the future. Biodiversity is under severe threat from many angles. One of the best ways to promote biodiversity is to preserve native habitats. By maintaining or even increasing yields on existing land, biotechnology crops can help to minimise expansion of agriculture into natural areas. It has also been estimated that agricultural biotechnology has changed pesticide spraying so as to greatly reduce greenhouse gas emissions and decrease environmental impacts of insecticides and herbicides. Gene flow from cultivated, including biotechnology-based, crops to and from wild plants is known to occur. The consequences of this flow vary from species to species, but as a general rule, do not pose a significant threat to biodiversity.
Stimulation of Unconventional Reservoirs using Graded Proppant Injection

A method is proposed for enhancing conductivity of micro-fractures and cleats around the hydraulically induced fractures in coal bed methane reservoirs. In this technique, placing ultra-fine proppant particles in natural fractures and cleats around hydraulically induced fractures at leak-off conditions keeps coal cleats open during water-gas production and, consequently, increases the efficiency of hydraulic fracturing treatment. Experimental and mathematical studies for stimulation of natural cleat system around the main hydraulic fracture are conducted. In the experimental part, core flooding tests are performed to inject suspended particles inside natural fractures of a coal sample. By placing different particle sizes and calculating concentration of placed particles, an experimental coefficient for optimum proppant placement is evaluated. This coefficient corresponds to the maximum permeability achieved after proppant placement. In the mathematical modelling study, a laboratory-based mathematical model for graded proppant placement in naturally fractured rocks around a hydraulically induced fracture is proposed. Derivations of the model include exponential form of the pressure-permeability dependence and accounts for permeability variation in the non-stimulated zone. The explicit formulae are derived for well productivity index by including the experimentally found coefficient for optimum proppant placement. Particle placement tests result in almost three times increase in coal permeability. The laboratory-based mathematical modelling as performed for the field conditions shows that the proposed method yields around 6-times increase in well productivity index.
Calculation of Bosten Lake Water Storage Based on Multiple Source Remote Sensing Imagery

Bosten Lake is a crucial water source in arid northwest China, which has been maintaining the ecological balance of the southern Xinjiang region. It contributes to the sustainable development of the local economy and watershed ecology. Insufficient hydrological data for the basin, however, cause uncertainty in hydrological modeling and makes it difficult to calculate water availability and lake-water storage using conventional methods. Therefore, this article proposed a novel method to retrieve the lake’s water depth from Landsat-8 OLI and ICESat-2 satellite data using neural network (NN) model. Specifically, the Rayleigh-corrected top-of-atmosphere (TOA) reflectance (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\rho _{\mathrm {rc}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) in the 443–2300 nm range was employed as the input to the NN model for the retrieval of water depth. This avoids the requirement to correct the effects of aerosols. In addition, the water depth retrieved by the NN model was compared with a conventional dual-band ratio model (DBRM). To evaluate the accuracy of the corrected ICESat-2 photon data, the in situ water depths were compared with the corrected ICESat-2 photon data (considering water-level variations at different times), and 20 in situ water depth values near the ICESat-2 track were selected for verification. The results showed that 1) the in situ water depth and the corrected ICESat-2 photon data had the coefficient of determination (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$R^{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) values of 0.94; 2) NN inversion of bathymetry presented a feasible method of obtaining regional bathymetry, with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$R^{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of 0.87, root mean square error (RMSE) being 1.17 m, and mean absolute error (MAE) being 0.26 m. In contrast, DBRM generated the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$R^{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, RMSE, and MAE values of 0.74, 1.62, and 0.93 m, respectively; and 3) the water storage in Bosten Lake’s from April to September in 2022 ranged from <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$6.73\times 10^{9}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> to <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$7.50\times 10^{9}\,\,\text{m}^{3}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. The findings can provide a strong scientific basis for the sustainable development and the rational allocation regional water resources.
Interactions between water use and labour migration in lower northeast Thailand: Context and use of a companion modelling methodology

Dans les basses terres du nord-est de la Thailande, les conditions bioclimatiques sont particulierement difficiles: repartition irreguliere des precipitations, sols a texture grossiere. La productivite agricole y est faible et la region est la plus pauvre du pays. Les parcelles de riz de bas-fond occupent l'essentiel des terres agricoles et les millions de paysans de la region doivent faire face a des problemes de gestion de l'eau lors des frequentes secheresses ou inondations. Pour reduire les risques a la fois ecologiques et economiques, les paysans mettent en oeuvre diverses strategies. La migration est, dans ce cadre, consideree selon les points de vue comme une solution ou une contrainte. Les systemes Multi-agent (MAS) sont utilises pour explorer des interactions entre les dynamiques ecologiques et sociales dans des systemes complexes en creant des societes virtuelles partageant un meme environnement et ses ressources. Nous emploierons un MAS dans une approche de modelisation d'accompagnement (ComMod) afin de mieux comprendre et de modeliser les processus de decision des exploitants concernant la gestion des ressources (terre et eau) au niveau de la parcelle, de l'exploitation, et de la repartition des eaux communautaires. Cette communication presente les caracteristiques originales et la dynamique de l'agriculture de la communaute de Lam Dome Yai dans la province d'Ubon Ratchathani. Les principaux processus de decision des exploitants vis-a-vis de l'utilisation de la terre, de l'eau ou de la migration sont expliques. Des enquetes d'exploitation et des Gis sont utilises pour analyser les changements spatiaux et temporels, et definir une interface spatiale adaptee pour le futur modele MAS. La mise en evidence des processus de decision au niveau de menage sert a definir le comportement social des agents representes dans le modele. L'analyse diagnostique preliminaire montre que l'impact des migrations de travail sur la gestion des ressources renouvelables est plus evident que les changements (limites) intervenus dans l'usage de la terre au cours de la derniere decennie. (Resume d'auteur)
Climatic implication of hydrogen isotope ratios of terrigenous n-alkanes in lacustrine surface sediment of the Tibetan Plateau

δD values of terrigenous n-alkanes (n-C25, n-C27, n-C29 and n-C31) extracted from recent lake surface sediments of Lake Qiangyong Glacier, Lake Kongmu Co, Lake Nam Co, Lake Keluke and Lake Xiao Qaidam along the S-N transect of Tibetan Plateau are compared to those of precipitation spanning a wide range from -167‰ to -51‰ and clearly correlate with δD values of meteoric water during the growth, indicating that terrigenous n-alkanes record the precipitation signal during the growth. The isotopic fractionation between precipitation and alkanes of n-C25 and n-C27 cover a range from -45‰ to -70‰ whilst that between precipitation and alkanes of n-C29 and n-C31 vary from -70‰ to -95‰, both being fairly constant along the S–N Tibetan transect with the mean at -57‰ and -82‰, respectively. By comparison with the apparent isotope fractionation of -130‰ along the S–N European transect, it implies that the apparent hydrogen isotopic fractionation between meteoric water and terrestrial n-alkanes along the Tibetan transect is much smaller.