Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Response to “A student’s perspective on developing clinical reasoning (CR) skills”

I enjoyed reading “Twelve tips for developing CR skills in the pre-clinical and clinical stages of medical school” (KhinHtun and Kushairi 2018). As highlighted by the authors, clinical reasoning (CR) allows medical students to draw conclusions and make decisions regarding clinical cases. In light of developing artificially intelligent systems, CR skills may become of even greater value to budding clinicians than possessing raw scientific intellect. At Oxford University Medical School, integration of CRbased learning is overwhelmingly poor during pre-clinical years. This fosters a rude “wake-up call” for students who must rapidly acquire CR skills when they transition into the clinical environment. I thus seek to explore additions to Khin-Htun and Kushairi’s (2018) suggestions for introducing CR into the pre-clinical curriculum. Firstly, a major oversight is students’ lack of understanding of how their pre-clinical syllabus relates to their future career. Allocating one day per week or fortnight for preclinical students to spend in the hospital would provide an immersive CR-based experience. Student groups should be allocated a CR-trained tutor and together they should develop a “learner agreement” prior to each placement. Students will therefore discover how basic science translates to the CR-centred environment and clinicians would be provided with a platform to impart their CR skills. Additionally, both students and clinicians should be encouraged to reflect on their own CR performance at the end of each placement, and progress should be tracked using an online portfolio, permitting anonymized feedback submission. Furthermore, developing an online bank of interactive CR-based case studies to supplement lectures would foster a culture of deduction and reasoning within the pre-clinical population, skills which are often diluted by hours of book work. Finally, a pertinent question is whether CR can be taught from scratch, or whether an underlying predisposition to developing these skills is required. The university selection process should identify individuals with CR ability, or scope for development. Although CR can be taught, those with natural flair will more willingly engage in teaching, allowing more robust and rapid development of CR skills. Currently, the selection process relies on scientific intellect, neglecting the growing importance of CR in the clinical environment.
STRUCTURAL CHANGES OBSERVED IN MICE LIVER DUE TO CHRONIC EXPOSURE OF 1900-2200 MHZ RADIATIONS EMITTED FROM MOBILE PHONE

Address for Correspondence: Dr.N. Mugunthan. MBBS. , M.S., D.N.B., PhD. , Professor, Department of Anatomy, Sree Mookambika Institute of Medical Sciences, Padanilam, Kulasekharam, Kanyakumari District, Tamil Nadu, India, Pincode -629161. Mobile: +919443118932 E-Mail: dr.mugunth111@gmail.com Background: Rapid developments in the telephone technology made the communication faster and easier. The duration of the use of mobile phones also increased beyond the limitation, and has raised public concerns about their safety. This study is designed to investigate the long term exposure of 1900 MHz to 2200 MHz radiations effect emitted from the third generation (3G) mobile phone in mice liver at histological and biochemical level. Materials and Methods: With approval from institutional animal ethics committee, 36 mice were exposed to 3G mobile phone radiation, 48 minutes per day for a period of 30 -180 days. The control group (36 mice) was kept under similar conditions without 3G exposure. The animals were sacrificed and the liver was removed from first month to six months period. 1ml of blood was collected for SGOT and SGPT analysis. Liver was processed for antioxidant enzyme activity – SOD & GPx, and for routine histological study. The serial sections were analysed under microscope for structural changes. Two groups’ data were compared and analysed statistically. Results: In comparision to control group the liver of 3G exposed groups showed the following changes: parenchyma and the periportal regions were infiltrated with inflammatory cells. Focal haemorrhages in the liver parenchyma dilated and congested hepatic sinusoids. Swollen hepatocytes with pyknotic nuclei and vacuolations in the cytoplasm were the significant changes. Biochemical parameters did not show any variable difference. Conclusion: The long term exposure of ultra-high frequency radiation emitted from a 3G mobile phone could cause microscopic structural changes in the liver.
Compact Binary Populations in Globular Clusters and Prospects for Gravitational Wave Detection

The inspiral and merger of compact binary stars will be major detection events for interferometric gravitational wave observatories. These observatories operate most effectively by comparing their output to template waveforms. In order to make these templates the physical parameters of the source population must be understood. Compact binaries in the galactic field have been investigated using population synthesis models but in dense stellar environments interactions can alter the binary population and may enhance the merger rate. I study compact binaries in star clusters using a Monte Carlo model for the dynamics. I find that the black hole population interacts strongly, leading to an enhancement in both the number of black hole binaries and the black hole binary merger rate. Due to the high interaction rate the majority of black hole binaries are ejected and thus the mergers occur in the galactic field. I find a promising rate of $1-100$ detections per year for the next generation of ground-based gravitational wave detectors and two possible sources for space-based detectors, both highly eccentric. I conclude that star clusters must be taken into account in order to predict accurate event rates for gravitational wave detectors.
Decision Trade-Offs in Ecological Momentary Assessments and Digital Wearables Uptake: Protocol for a Discrete Choice Experiment

Background Ecological momentary assessments (EMAs) and digital wearables (DW) are commonly used remote monitoring technologies that capture real-time data in people’s natural environments. Real-time data are core to personalized medical care and intensively adaptive health interventions. The utility of such personalized care is contingent on user uptake and continued use of EMA and DW. Consequently, it is critical to understand user preferences that may increase the uptake of EMA and DW. Objective The study aims to quantify users’ preferences of EMA and DW, examine variations in users’ preferences across demographic and behavioral subgroups, and assess the association between users’ preferences and intentions to use EMA and DW. Methods We will administer 2 discrete choice experiments (DCEs) paired with self-report surveys on the internet to a total of 3260 US adults through Qualtrics. The first DCE will assess participants’ EMA preferences using a choice-based conjoint design that will ask participants to compare the relative importance of prompt frequency, number of questions per prompt, prompt type, health topic, and assessment duration. The second DCE will measure participants’ DW preferences using a maximum difference scaling design that will quantify the relative importance of device characteristics, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating technical, health care, and market factors. Hierarchical Bayesian multinomial logistic regression models will be used to generate subject-specific preference utilities. Preference utilities will be compared across demographic (ie, sex, age, race, and ethnicity) and behavioral (ie, substance use, physical activity, dietary behavior, and sleep duration) subgroups. Regression models will determine whether specific utilities are associated with attitudes toward or intentions to use EMA and DW. Mixture models will determine the associations of attitudes toward and intentions to use EMA and DW with latent profiles of user preferences. Results The institutional review board approved the study on December 19, 2022. Data collection started on January 20, 2023, and concluded on May 4, 2023. Data analysis is currently underway. Conclusions The study will provide evidence on users’ preferences of EMA and DW features that can improve initial uptake and potentially continued use of these remote monitoring tools. The sample size and composition allow for subgroup analysis by demographics and health behaviors and will provide evidence on associations between users’ preferences and intentions to uptake EMA and DW. Limitations include the cross-sectional nature of the study, which limits our ability to measure direct behavior. Rather, we capture behavioral intentions for EMA and DW uptake. The nonprobability sample limits the generalizability of the results and introduces self-selection bias related to the demographic and behavioral characteristics of participants who belong to web-based survey panels. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/47567
Pharyngeal airway dimension in patients before and after treatment of myofascial pain syndrome

ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed: (1) to assess the localization of the anatomic landmarks of the pharyngeal airway on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images; and (2) to evaluate if resolution of myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) changed the airway dimensions. Methods: Twenty-nine patients with pre- and post-treatment CBCT scans were randomly selected to locate five landmarks twice, with a two-week interval. The same landmarks were used to measure the airway volume and minimal cross-sectional area (CSAmin). Results: The intra-observer reliability (ICC) was 0.99–1.00 for volumetric and CSAmin measurements, based on the five landmarks used. The paired t test showed no significant difference in the airway volume (p = 0.68) and CSAmin (p = 0.96). Discussion: The outcomes showed that the landmarks used had excellent ICCs for the volumetric and CSAmin measurements. There was no change in volume and CSAmin of the pharyngeal airway after resolution of MPS.
Capital gains: expatriate adjustment and the psychological contract in international careers

This paper argues that the notion of adjustment to careers involving international assignments needs to be developed further than the current literature reflects. An expatriate assignment is an expatriate's opportunity to build career capital and a company's opportunity to generate social and intellectual capital. The extent of the capital gains will depend considerably on the expatriate's adjustment during and after the assignment, which is influenced by the psychological contract. We argue that our understanding of the career impact of expatriation will be enhanced by a more refined picture of the adjustment that expatriates experience during the assignment and during repatriation. In particular, we examine adjustment as process rather than as event. We propose a broad conception of expatriate adjustment and its link to careers.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik dengan Menggunakan Media Animasi dengan Pendekatan Submikroskopik Pada Pembelajaran Ikatan Kimia di Kelas X IPA

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui sejauh mana keberhasilan pembelajaran ikatan kimia dengan menggunakan media animasi dengan pendekatan submikroskopik dilatarbelakangi pembelajaran ikatan kimia merupakan pembelajaran yang abstrak sehingga tidak menutup kemungkinan peserta didik akan mengalami kesulitan dalam memahami materi tersebut. Untuk membantu mengatasi kesulitan memahami konsep ikatan kimia perlu media pembelajaran yang menggabungkan ketiga aspek dalam pembelajaran kimia yaitu makro, mikro dan simbol, media yang dipakai adalah media animasi dengan pendekatan submikrroskopis. Subjek penelitian peserta didik kelas X IPA-3 SMA Negeri 2 Selong. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan penggunaan media pembelajaran dengan pendekatan submikroskopis dapat meningkatkan pemahaman tetntang ikatan kimia, hal ini dilihat dari hasil tes menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan hasil belajar ikatan kimia. Kata Kunci: media animasi, submikroskopik dan hasil belajar
Plastifizier- und Einspritzvorrichtung für das Mikrospritzgießen

Beschrieben wird eine Plastifizier- und Einspritzvorrichtung fur das Mikrospritzgiesen, mit einer in einem Plastifizierzylinder drehantreibbaren Plastifizierschnecke, wobei der Plastifizierzylinder an seinem vorderen Ende ein als Einspritzkolben ausgebildetes Verlangerungsstuck aufweist, das in einem Einspritzzylinder axial vor und zuruck verfahrbar ist. Die Erfindung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass eine Lagerung vorgesehen ist, in der die Plastifizierschnecke drehbar gelagert ist, dass der Plastifizierzylinder drehfest mit der Lagerung verbunden ist und dass ein Linear- und Drehantrieb fur die Plastifizierschnecke vorgesehen ist, insbesondere zwei hintereinander geschaltete Hohlwellenmotoren.
Bayesian-Inference-Based Recommendation in Online Social Networks

In this paper, we propose a Bayesian-inference-based recommendation system for online social networks. In our system, users share their content ratings with friends. The rating similarity between a pair of friends is measured by a set of conditional probabilities derived from their mutual rating history. A user propagates a content rating query along the social network to his direct and indirect friends. Based on the query responses, a Bayesian network is constructed to infer the rating of the querying user. We develop distributed protocols that can be easily implemented in online social networks. We further propose to use Prior distribution to cope with cold start and rating sparseness. The proposed algorithm is evaluated using two different online rating data sets of real users. We show that the proposed Bayesian-inference-based recommendation is better than the existing trust-based recommendations and is comparable to Collaborative Filtering (CF) recommendation. It allows the flexible tradeoffs between recommendation quality and recommendation quantity. We further show that informative Prior distribution is indeed helpful to overcome cold start and rating sparseness.
Open Access Rheumatology: Research and Reviews Dovepress

serum anticyclic citrullinated protein antibody titers are correlated with the response to biological agents in patients with rheumatoid arthritis Ryo Takahashi sakiko isojima Masayu Umemura Yoko Miura nao Oguro syo ishii shinya seki Takahiro Tokunaga hiroyuki Tsukamoto hidekazu Furuya Abstract: Anticyclic citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) is known as an important indicator for diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Our aim was to examine the relationship between the serum ACPA titer at baseline and responsiveness to biological agents (antagonists of either tumor necrosis factor or interleukin 6) in patients with RA. ACPA was measured using second-generation chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay. Disease activity was assessed using disease activity scores 28. Fifty-seven RA patients with biological agents were enrolled, and the median ACPA titer at baseline was 110.0 U/mL. The median ACPA titer was 23.3 U/mL and 183.0 U/mL in the good and moderate response groups, respectively, which were significantly lower than in the no response group (404.0 U/mL). In addition, 69.2% and 26.9% of patients with low (,100 U/mL) and moderate (100–499 U/mL) basal ACPA titers showed a moderate to good response. Of the patients with higher ($500 U/mL) basal ACPA titers, only 14.0% and 42.5% showed a good or moderate response, respectively. The remission rate was 77.8% in the ACPA-negative, which was significantly higher than the rate of 25% in the ACPA-positive patients. The results suggest that the ACPA titers are correlated with the efficacy of the biological agents used in patients with RA.
Book Notice of J. L. Sokolov and C. E. Snow’s (Eds.) Handbook of research in language development using CHILDES

The ability to analyze transcripts of child language with the help of computers has provided researchers with a means for conducting analyses which were previously too difficult or time-consuming to perform. This edited volume offers examples of such research in action as well as tutorials for the creative application of the tools provided by the Child Language Data Exchange System (CHILDES). In so doing, it achieves two goals: * the presentation of original research across a wide variety of areas within child language, and * the education of students and researchers about how to use the tools provided by CHILDES. The research topics are presented in a clear and easy to understand fashion accessible to both advanced undergraduate and graduate students. The book should also be of interest to seasoned child language researchers interested in acquiring in-depth knowledge about computer analyses of child language transcripts. Several design features highlight the pedagogical intent of the volume: * Each chapter begins with an outline of the skills readers should expect to learn within the chapter. * Computer commands are presented and explained in numbered command boxes. * The text is peppered with special hints that provide readers with additional information. * Materials are provided for readers to replicate the analyses performed in each chapter. * Each chapter includes a set of exercises and suggested projects. The transcript data and CLAN programs may be purchased separately. All transcription data referred to in the exercises in the book are included on a disk. (**One disk will be provided free to adopters.) For information on the CLAN programs, please see listing under MacWhinney
The interstitial lung disease multidisciplinary meeting: A position statement from the Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand and the Lung Foundation Australia

Interstitial lung diseases (ILD) are a diverse group of pulmonary diseases for which accurate diagnosis is critical for optimal treatment outcomes. Diagnosis of ILD can be challenging and a multidisciplinary approach is recommended in international guidelines. The purpose of this position paper is to review the evidence for the use of the multidisciplinary meeting (MDM) in ILD and suggest an approach to its governance and constitution, in an attempt to provide a standard methodology that could be applied across Australia and New Zealand. This position paper is endorsed by the Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand (TSANZ) and the Lung Foundation Australia (LFA).
Risk of Acute Myocardial Infarction After the Death of a Significant Person in One's Life: The Determinants of Myocardial Infarction Onset Study

Background— Acute psychological stress is associated with an abrupt increase in the risk of cardiovascular events. Intense grief in the days after the death of a significant person may trigger the onset of acute myocardial infarction (MI), but this relationship has not been systematically studied. Methods and Results— We conducted a case-crossover analysis of 1985 participants from the multicenter Determinants of Myocardial Infarction Onset Study interviewed during index hospitalization for an acute MI between 1989 and 1994. We compared the observed number of deaths in the days preceding MI symptom onset with its expected frequency based on each patient's control information, defined as the occurrence of deaths in the period from 1 to 6 months before infarction. Among the 1985 subjects, 270 (13.6%) experienced the loss of a significant person in the prior 6 months, including 19 within 1 day of their MI. The incidence rate of acute MI onset was elevated 21.1-fold (95% confidence interval, 13.1–34.1) within 24 hours of the death of a significant person and declined steadily on each subsequent day. The absolute risk of MI within 1 week of the death of a significant person is 1 excess MI per 1394 exposed individuals at low (5%) 10-year MI risk and 1 per 320 among individuals at high (20%) 10-year risk. Conclusions— Grief over the death of a significant person was associated with an acutely increased risk of MI in the subsequent days. The impact may be greatest among individuals at high cardiovascular risk.
An Introduction To The Theory Of Graph Spectra

an introduction to the theory of graph spectra is available in our book collection an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Our digital library hosts in multiple countries, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Merely said, the an introduction to the theory of graph spectra is universally compatible with any devices to read.
A review of and perspectives on global change modeling for Northern Eurasia

Northern Eurasia is made up of a complex and diverse set of physical, ecological, climatic and human systems, which provide important ecosystem services including the storage of substantial stocks of carbon in its terrestrial ecosystems. At the same time, the region has experienced dramatic climate change, natural disturbances and changes in land management practices over the past century. For these reasons, Northern Eurasia is both a critical region to understand and a complex system with substantial challenges for the modeling community. This review is designed to highlight the state of past and ongoing efforts of the research community to understand and model these environmental, socioeconomic, and climatic changes. We further aim to provide perspectives on the future direction of global change modeling to improve our understanding of the role of Northern Eurasia in the coupled human–Earth system. Modeling efforts have shown that environmental and socioeconomic changes in Northern Eurasia can have major impacts on biodiversity, ecosystems services, environmental sustainability, and the carbon cycle of the region, and beyond. These impacts have the potential to feedback onto and alter the global Earth system. We find that past and ongoing studies have largely focused on specific components of Earth system dynamics and have not systematically examined their feedbacks to the global Earth system and to society. We identify the crucial role of Earth system models in advancing our understanding of feedbacks within the region and with the global system. We further argue for the need for integrated assessment models (IAMs), a suite of models that couple human activity models to Earth system models, which are key to address many emerging issues that require a representation of the coupled human–Earth system.
Cataract Canyon: A Human and Environmental History of the Rivers in Canyonlands

Document Type Book Publication Date 2004 Abstract Abstract from GoogleBooks: This ambitious book will enthrall armchair naturalists and river runners alike, offering a stunning tour through the natural, environmental, and human history of Cataract Canyon, a seventeen-mile run of free-flowing river above Lake Powell in the canyonlands of southern Utah. Setting the stage with preliminary chapters on geology and hydrology, prehistory and geography, biology, and river-running history the authors take the reader on a "downriver journey," narrating an exploration of the river that is breathtaking in scope. From the plants and animals that live along its banks to the humans who seek out its rapids, from the wind and water that continue to shape the landscape to the government agencies that seek to control it, all of these become stories woven into the larger fabric of a beautiful, fragile, complex ecosystem where change-whether good or bad--is inevitable. Comments Published by The University of Utah Press. Recommended Citation Webb, Robert H. ; Belnap, Jayne; and Weisheit, John S. , "Cataract Canyon : a Human and Environmental History of the Rivers in Canyonlands" (2004). Canyonlands Research Bibliography. Paper 279. https://digitalcommons.usu. edu/crc_research/279  Link to Full Text