PREVALANCE OF PRE-DIABETES AND DIABETES AMONG THE YOUNG ADULTS IN MANGALURU

Background The prevalence of diabetes in increasing in both rural and urban areas in India. In India we don’t have a proper surveillance system to document the incidence of non communicable diseases like diabetes. So it is essential to carryout population based prevalence studies in various regions of the country. Objectives The present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of both diabetes as well s pre-diabetes among young adults. Methodology Study design is a community based cross sectional study. 120 participants were recruited through purposive sampling. Fasting blood sugar and post prandial blood sugar level were taken to identify the diabetic profile. Conclusion The study concluded that prevalence of prediabetes is more compared to diabetes among the young adults. But the prevalence rate is considerably low compared to other studies. www.ijcrt. org © 2021 IJCRT | Volume 9, Issue 6 June 2021 | ISSN: 2320-2882 IJCRT2106793 International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (IJCRT) www.ijcrt. org g602 Introduction Diabetes mellitus is considered a serious health hazard in the 21st century.it is estimating around 300 million diabetic Mellitus cases in the world by 2025 in which maximum number will be expecting from India because of its highest prevalence. World health organization defines diabetes as a group of heterogeneous disorders characterized by the presence of hyperglycemia. Many etio-pathological factors are underlying the disease such as insufficient insulin production, insulin resistance, defects in the action of insulin, and disturbances of carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism. According to the present classification, there are two different types of diabetes: Type 1 (T1DM) and type 2 (T2DM), the classification is based on the onset, age insulin resistance, presence of diabetic associated autoantibodies, and insulin requirement. Moreover, Type 2 diabetes Mellitus accounts for 90 to 95 percent and is commonly seen in adults but children and adolescence are also affected. In the majority of the cases, insulin is not recommended for survival in type 2 diabetes but can be used to maintain the blood glucose level within normal. It is very essential to control the blood glucose level within normal, as uncontrolled diabetes may produce deleterious complications like diabetic induced retinopathy neuropathy, cardiovascular disorder various other systemic effects of peripheral arterial-vascular and reproductive system. In addition to these complications, diabetic people are at increased risk of getting the infectious disease because of the compromised immune system. Population-based epidemiology studies are necessary to address the prevalence of diabetes as well as pre-diabetes is among the various rural and urban areas in India. Nowadays diabetes mellitus is becoming a major health care challenge for the country. More than 7.1 percentage of the Indian population is affected by diabetes. Prevention as well as delaying the diabetic-associated complications can be achieved by delivering adequate awareness programs and patient education on the importance of physical activity and modifying the dietary intake. Similar to diabetes prevalence estimation the prevalence of pre-diabetic is also important so that with adequate physical activity and lifestyle changes the chances of getting diabetic can be minimized. There have been many population-based epidemiological cross-sectional studies carried out in various parts of the country to find out the prevalence of diabetes. These studies reported that there is a higher prevalence among the male population compared to females. Even though genetic predisposition and familial inheritance www.ijcrt. org © 2021 IJCRT | Volume 9, Issue 6 June 2021 | ISSN: 2320-2882 IJCRT2106793 International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (IJCRT) www.ijcrt. org g603 play an important role, the sedentary lifestyle and food habits are the major contributors. The purpose of this present study was to estimate the prevalence of pre diabetes and diabetes among young adults in the rural and urban areas in Mangaluru. Materials and methods