Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Task Aversiveness and Student Academic Procrastination

This study is objective to describe the task aversiveness and procrastination of academics, to analyze the influences between task aversiveness to procrastination of academics and to analyze the relationship between task aversiveness to procrastination of academics. This research uses descriptive quantitative research methods. Identification of the problem in the study, there is a correlation between procrastination and task aversiveness separately strong and stable. The Purpose of study is test of connection task aversiveness student with procrastination academic. In this study, researchers use a quantitative method with a descriptive correlative approach. The population in their study were 575 students.Amount sample in this study was 236 students which was taken by using Slovin formula. The Sample was taken from each different class, then the Proportional Stratified Random Sampling technique was used. On this research, there are two types of variables. They are variable free (independent) and variable bound (dependent). As for the free variable or the independent variablein this study is task aversiveness, while the bound variable or the dependent variable is academic procrastination. In this study, the data used is interval data. As for variable in this study is task aversiveness and procrastination academic. The research instrument used is a questionnaire using Likert Scale. The results of this research show 64.41 % of students have high task aversiveness. This shows that students who perceive task aversion bothered or are not comfortable with duty are in the high category. On procrastination academic shows 60.59 % have high academic procrastination behavior. This shows the behavior of procrastination academic student high category because many procrastinating students do academic duty in the period of time you want. From the hypothesis it is found that task aversion influences significantly to the procrastination of academics. We conclude that they are connection task aversiveness significantly to academic procrastination behavior . That is, the more and more high task aversiveness, then the behavior of academic procrastination will also increase, and vice versa .
Milled rapeseeds and oats decrease milk saturated fatty acids and ruminal methane emissions in dairy cows without changes in product sensory quality

Plant lipids in the diet are known to modify milk fatty acid (FA) composition and mitigate ruminal methane emissions. The objective of the present work was to examine the potential of milled rapeseeds and oats to decrease both milk saturated FAs and ruminal methane emissions in practical farm settings. In the pilot study, six Finnish Ayrshire cows were fed a control diet for 3 weeks, which was then followed by a lipid-rich test diet for 3 weeks. The experimental diets were based on grass silage supplemented with barley and rapeseed meals in the control diet and with oats and milled rapeseeds in the test diet. The lipid inclusion rate was 55 g/kg dry matter (DM). In the main study, the whole Finnish Ayrshire research herd in milk (n = 49–59) was used in a switch-back-designed study. The cows were fed a control diet for 3 weeks, then a test diet for 4 weeks, and, finally, a control diet for 3 weeks. The diets were the same as in the pilot study except for a lower lipid inclusion level of 50 g/kg DM. The test diet decreased DM intake by 15% and energy-corrected milk (ECM) yield by 13% in the pilot study. The adjustment of supplemental lipids from 55 g/kg to 50 g/kg DM was successful, as the DM intake decreased only by 4% relative to the control diet in the main study. Furthermore, the yields of milk, lactose, protein, and fat were also unaffected by dietary lipids in the main study. The milk fat composition was significantly altered in both studies. The milk fat saturated FAs were decreased by 16%–20% in the test diet, mainly due to the de novo FAs of 6- to 16-carbons (a reduction of 22%–48%). Milk fat cis-9 18:1 was increased by 63%–78% in the test diet relative to the control. Dairy products’ (milk, butter, and cheese) organoleptic quality was not compromised by the modified lipid profile. Ruminal methane and hydrogen intensities (n = 23; g or mg/kg ECM) were 20% and 39% lower, respectively, in the test diet than in the control diet. This reduction can be attributed to a lower amount of organic matter fermented in the rumen, as indicated by the lower DM intake and nutrient digestibility.
Implications of RCP emissions for future changes in vegetative exposure to ozone in the western U.S.

Future changes in anthropogenic emissions of ozone precursors will likely impact seasonal vegetative ozone exposure, W126, in the western U.S. To investigate this, source‐receptor relationships are calculated with the GEOS‐Chem adjoint model and are separated by location, species, and sector. These are used to project changes in W126 through midcentury following representative concentration pathway (RCP) emissions. The overall behavior of W126 is governed by declining domestic emissions. However, foreign emissions of NOx, non‐methane volatile organic compounds, and CO and CH4 abundance can either slow or enhance this trend, depending on scenario. The relative importance of foreign emissions increases as U.S. emissions decline, and, in some cases, the contribution of foreign sources exceeds that of domestic as early as 2020. In 2050, W126 in the western U.S. contributed by Chinese emissions alone, dominated by the industrial sector, is up to 15% higher than in 2000, although such estimates are strongly dependent on scenario.
Antimicrobial, Antidiabetic, Antioxidant, and Anticoagulant Activities of Cupressus sempervirens In Vitro and In Silico

In the last decade, the urgent need to explore medicinal plants or drug development has increased enormously around the world to overcome numerous health problems. In the present investigation, HPLC indicated the existence of 18 phenolic and flavonoid compounds in the Cupressus sempervirens extract. Hesperetin represents the greatest concentration (25,579.57 µg/mL), while other compounds, such as pyro catechol, rutin, gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, naringenin, and quercetin, were recognized in concentrations of 2922.53 µg/mL, 1313.26 µg/mL, 1107.26 µg/mL, 389.09 µg/mL, 156.53 µg/mL, and 97.56 µg/mL, respectively. The well diffusion method documented the antibacterial/antifungal activity of C. sempervirens extract against E. faecalis, E. coli, C. albicans, S. typhi, S.aureus, and M. circinelloid with 35, 33, 32, 25, 23, and 21 mm inhibition zones, respectively, more than the standard antibiotic/antifungal agent. Low values ranging from 7.80 to 15.62 µg/mL of MIC and MBC were recorded for E. faecalis, E. coli, and C. albicans. From the 1- diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) assay, promising antioxidant activity was recorded for C. sempervirens extract with IC50 of an 8.97 µg/mL. Moreover, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and total antioxidant capacity assays (TAC) confirmed the antioxidant activity of the extract, which was expressed as the ascorbic acid equivalent (AAE) of 366.9 ± 0.2 µg/mg and 102 ± 0.2 µg/mg of extracts, respectively. α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition % were determined to express the antidiabetic activity of the extract in vitro, with promising IC50 value (27.01 µg/mL) for α-amylase compared to that of acarbose (50.93 µg/mL), while IC50 value of the extract for α-glucosidase was 19. 21µg/mL compared to that of acarbose 4.13 µg/mL. Prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) revealed the role of C. sempervirens extract as an anticoagulant agent if compared with the activity of heparin. Binding interactions of hesperetin and gallic acid were examined via the Molecular Operating Environment (MOE) Dock software against E. faecalis (PDB ID: 3CLQ), C. albicans (PDB ID: 7RJC), α-amylase (PDB ID: 4W93), and α-glucosidase (PDB ID: 3TOP). The obtained results shed light on how molecular modeling methods might inhibit the tested compounds, which have the potential to be useful in the treatment of target proteins.
Spatial autocorrelation and optimal spatial resolution of optical remote sensing data in boreal forest environment

Abstract The aim of the study was to examine the spatial autocorrelation and the optimal spatial resolution of optical remote sensing images in a forested landscape. Also the effect of tree species and forest age on this optimum was investigated. Two different methodologies were applied. Semivariograms were used to measure the autocorrelation of pixels while local variance curves were used to define the spatial resolution that maximizes the variance between neighbouring pixels. The range of the semivariograms was 5 m. for Scots pine and 7 m for Norway spruce. Range is also weakly dependent on forest age class. Thereafter sill was found to be strongly dependent on tree species and forest age class. The local variance maximum in infrared and green band was obtained with a spatial resolution of 3 m and in red channel with a resolution of 2 m. Like the semivariance the local variance was at a higher level in spruce and old forests.
Drone images afford more detections of marine wildlife than real-time observers during simultaneous large-scale surveys

There are many advantages to transitioning from conducting marine wildlife surveys via human observers onboard light-aircraft, to capturing aerial imagery using drones. However, it is important to maintain the validity of long-term data series whilst transitioning from observer to imagery surveys. We need to understand how the detection rates of target species in images compare to those collected from observers in piloted aircraft, and the factors influencing detection rates from each platform. We conducted trial ScanEagle drone surveys of dugongs in Shark Bay, Western Australia, covering the full extent of the drone’s range (∼100 km), concurrently with observer surveys, with the drone flying above or just behind the piloted aircraft. We aimed to test the assumption that drone imagery could provide comparable detection rates of dugongs to human observers when influenced by same environmental conditions. Overall, the dugong sighting rate (i.e., count of individual dugongs) was 1.3 (95% CI [0.98–1.84]) times higher from the drone images than from the observers. The group sighting rate was similar for the two platforms, however the group sizes detected within the drone images were significantly larger than those recorded by the observers, which explained the overall difference in sighting rates. Cloud cover appeared to be the only covariate affecting the two platforms differently; the incidence of cloud cover resulted in smaller group sizes being detected by both platforms, but the observer group sizes dropped much more dramatically (by 71% (95% CI [31–88]) compared to no cloud) than the group sizes detected in the drone images (14% (95% CI [−28–57])). Water visibility and the Beaufort sea state also affected dugong counts and group sizes, but in the same way for both platforms. This is the first direct simultaneous comparison between sightings from observers in piloted aircraft and a drone and demonstrates the potential for drone surveys over a large spatial-scale.
False Site Effects: The Anjar Case, following the 2001 Bhuj (India) Earthquake

On 26 January 2001, a severe earthquake ( Mw 7.9, International Seismological Centre) struck northeastern India (mainly Gujarat). The earthquake, located by ISC at 23.442°N, 70.310°E at a depth of 16 km, occurred on the Kachchh Peninsula, which has a long history of strong earthquakes ( e.g. Bapat et al. 1983) close to the cities of Bhuj and Anjar. Known as the Bhuj earthquake, this event has been studied extensively (see Kayal and Mukhopadhyay 2006 for a comprehensive review). Several macroseismic surveys were carried out immediately after the mainshock ( e.g. Ravishanker and Pande 2001; Rastogi et al. 2001; Wesnousky et al. 2001; Association Francaise de Genie Parasismique [AFPS] 2001) and the Geological Survey of India (2003) published a detailed report. The earthquake was felt with a maximum intensity X (MSK) over a 780-km2 area—in which destruction of structures, irrespective of class or type of construction, was near total—and with intensity IX over a 10,455-km2 area, where many well-built structures also failed totally (Ravishanker and Pande 2001). Peak ground accelerations (PGAs) of 0.55 g at Anjar (rock, 43 km from the epicenter), 0.13 g at Ahmedabad (alluvium, 240 km away), and 0.04 g at Anand (alluvium, 290 km away) were recorded (Kayal and Mukhopadhyay 2006). The impact of the 2001 earthquake was particularly spectacular in the city of Anjar in certain well-defined areas of the city, and striking differences were observed in the damage distribution. The most damaged area was the old Anjar city (Gamtal area; see Figure 1), which was completely destroyed, while recently constructed buildings located across the street from the old city limits (mainly to the east and northeast) experienced only slight or no damage (AFPS 2001). Based on these observations an intensity estimation of VIII–IX has been attributed to the old city and …
Evaluation of Snowpack Simulations over the Canadian Rockies with an Experimental Hydrometeorological Modeling System

Abstract To improve the representation of the land surface in their operational numerical weather prediction (NWP) models, the Meteorological Research Division of Environment Canada (EC) is developing an external hydrometeorological modeling and data assimilation system. The objective of this study is to verify the improvement in simulating snow cover extent (SCE) and snow water equivalent (SWE) over the Canadian Rockies with this new modeling system. This study will be an important first step in determining the optimal configuration of the land surface model and atmospheric forcing for a future operational implementation. Simulated SCE is compared with the Interactive Multisensor Snow and Ice Mapping System (IMS) analysis, while simulated SWE values are verified against a series of manual snow survey sites located within the Canadian Rockies. Results show that land surface model simulations of SCE and SWE were sensitive to precipitation forcing. Simulations at both low and high resolution forced with EC’.
Comfort-aware HVAC Aggregation Method based on Deep Reinforcement Learning

Extracting demand-side flexibility is important to utilize renewable energy as much as possible with keeping the grid stable. Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system takes a necessary role in our comfort life and consumes more than 40% energy consumption of typical office buildings. HVAC systems are known as potential resources to extract demand-side flexibility because of easy performance control. This paper proposes a comfort-aware HVAC aggregation method based on deep reinforcement learning to both maintain a comfortable temperature and extract flexibility. Experiments show the proposed method satisfies the given demand-response requirements and thermal comfort.
Influence of rainfall interception by endemic plants versus short cycle crops on water infiltration in high altitude ecosystems of Ecuador

Owing to their high water retention, the volcanic ash-soils of the Northern Andean highlands (paramos) can be considered as natural ‘water storage tanks’ for drinking water and for irrigation. Vegetation plays an important role in transferring rain to the soil and in controlling the soil water content. To assess this role, we quantified the stemflow process under rainfall simulations for seven of the main plants along an altitude gradient on the Pichincha volcano in Ecuador. The volume of water transferred into the soil was higher at the lower rainfall intensity than at the higher intensity. The results were compared to the stemflow measured with potato and maize crops growing in the lower altitude range. The results showed that the relative volume of stemflow increased with altitude from 8% in the crop area to 58% in the upper part of the catena. Low values of stemflow were associated with potatoes and maize annual short-cycle crops while high values were associated with the natural vegetation. For cultivated crops rainwater interception by stemflow delayed the soil surface crusting and runoff process. This study shows that rainwater interception by vegetation is of great importance for soil water recharge in these Andisols.
Investigation of Contact Surface Changes and Sensor Response of a Pressure-Sensitive Conductive Elastomer

The pressure-sensing mechanisms of conductive elastomers, such as conductive networks, and tunneling effects within them have been extensively studied. However, it has become apparent that external pressure can significantly impact the contact area of polymeric materials. In this study, we will employ a commercially available conductive elastomer to investigate changes in resistance and contact surface under external pressure. Resistance measurements will be taken with and without applying conductive grease to the surface of the elastomer. This allows us to observe changes in resistance values associated with pressure variations. Furthermore, as pressure is applied to the conductive elastomer, the contact area ratio increases. Such an increase in the contact area and its correlation to changes in conductance values will be assessed.
Linking species distribution models with structured expert elicitation for predicting management effectiveness

Effective biodiversity conservation requires robust and transparent prioritization of management actions. However, this is often hampered by a lack of spatially‐explicit data on habitat variables and empirical data on the effect of management actions. Although approaches exist that integrate structured expert elicitation (SEE) with species distribution models (SDMs) to encode species responses across habitat gradients, difficulties remain in predicting management outcomes under different settings, at a region‐wide scale when key habitat covariates are not spatially explicit. Therefore, we developed an approach to integrate SDMs with SEE to capture expert understanding of likely outcomes of management actions for individual frog species, and use this to spatially predict the effect of management actions. We demonstrate our approach across approximately 4000 wetlands in greater Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. As a measure of management effectiveness, we used the change in predicted probability of occurrence of seven frog species at wetlands 10 years after conservation actions are implemented (or not implemented). Management effect was elicited from experts under six scenarios. Individual expert estimates were aggregated using generalized linear models that were then used to spatially predict expected management effects, and a measure of uncertainty in the prediction, at all wetlands. Predicted management effect was strongly influenced by species initial probability of occurrence, with enhancing aquatic and surrounding vegetation an effective action for most species. We discuss practical challenges and recommend solutions in the integration of SDMs and SEE for the spatial prediction of management effect.
The Architecture of Expectation

Humans have been described as a “forward-looking” species in more than simply physiological terms. We are, it seems, unusually concerned with the future. This essay explores how built environments can be designed to evoke positive anticipation of future events. It suggests that there are three primary means of achieving this: (1) the visible display of valued resources, (2) signs of readiness, and (3) views that encourage mental exploration. It is observed that while resources tend to elicit hope of their future use, readiness and visual prospects seem to evoke a more general sense of optimism. Given the large proportion of our lives that most of us now spend in buildings, it is suggested that these design strategies might be helpful in maintaining and improving occupant morale in the indoor spaces where we live and work, and even more so for those who, for one reason or another, are unable to venture out.
Effects of sample disturbance and consolidation procedures on measured shear strength of soft marine Norwegian clays

After many decades of research, the issue of sample disturbance is still important as regards to determining reliable and representative soil parameters for foundation design in soft clays. Parallel laboratory tests have been carried out on high-quality block samples and ordinary piston tube samples from 12 deposits of soft Norwegian marine clays. Undrained triaxial and direct simple shear (DSS) tests on samples reconsolidated to the in situ effective stresses show that sample disturbance has a significant effect on the measured stress–strain–strength behaviour: the more disturbed the sample, the lower the shear stress at small strains and the higher the shear stress at large strains. Breakdown of the clay structure, including cementation bonds, is the assumed cause of lower shear resistance at small strains, whereas at large strains the shear resistance is governed mainly by the water content, which for soft clay samples, reconsolidated to the in situ effective stresses, will be lower, and the strength t.
Harmonizing Medicine and Surgery in the Pursuit of Boolean Remission: A Rheumatological Magnum Opus

Rheumatic diseases encompass a diverse group of musculoskeletal conditions that often lead to inflammation, pain, and significant limitations in patients' lives. While traditional treatment approaches have primarily centered on medications to control symptoms, recent developments have introduced the concept of Boolean remission. Boolean remission offers a comprehensive evaluation of disease activity by considering clinical, biochemical, and patient-reported outcomes. This narrative review explores the multifaceted landscape of Boolean remission in the context of rheumatic diseases, with a focus on rheumatoid arthritis (RA), as it remains a substantial clinical challenge. The review outlines the definition, criteria, historical context, and development of Boolean remission, shedding light on its emergence as a more patient-centered and stringent treatment goal. The role of pharmacological interventions, including immunomodulators and biologics, in achieving Boolean remission is discussed, emphasizing the significance of treatment protocols that encompass regular monitoring, medication adjustment, shared decision-making, and patient education. Surgical interventions, such as joint replacements and synovectomies, complement medication-based strategies when joint damage becomes severe, with adherence to surgical protocols ensuring sustained Boolean remission. The integration of medicine and surgery through integrated care models and interdisciplinary teams is examined as a critical aspect of optimizing patient outcomes. Boolean remission's broader impact on healthcare policies and clinical trial endpoints is explored, underscoring its growing significance in rheumatic disease management. The review concludes by looking toward the future, where emerging technologies, biomarkers, and personalized medicine approaches hold promise in refining Boolean remission criteria and making it a more attainable and impactful treatment goal. Policy implications suggest the integration of Boolean remission into healthcare quality metrics, incentivizing healthcare providers to prioritize this rigorous standard of care. Boolean remission represents a pivotal shift in the holistic and patient-centered management of rheumatic diseases, offering hope for improved patient outcomes and enhanced quality of life in this challenging clinical landscape.