Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Using Implicit Feedback for User Modeling in Internet and Intranet Searching ϕ

Powerize Server 1.0, developed by Powerize.com, is a content-based information filtering and retrieval system that presently uses a manually constructed user model known as a search profile. User modeling captures a user’s information needs. A user model can be constructed explicitly by the user or implicitly by exploiting feedback from the user about which documents are relevant. Implicit feedback can be inferred from user behavior without any additional work on the part of the user. The study reported in this paper investigates a way of implementing the implicit feedback technique of user modeling for the Powerize Server 1.0. Previous studies on Internet discussion groups (USENET news) have shown reading time to be a useful source of implicit feedback for predicting a user’s preferences. In this study, we examined: 1) whether reading time is useful for predicting a user’s preferences for academic or professional journal articles, and 2) whether printing behavior adds anything to what we already know from reading time. Two experiments were conducted with undergraduate students using professional articles from the telecommunications and pharmaceutical industries. The results of the experiments showed that reading time could be used to predict the relevancy of documents, although the threshold on reading time required to detect relevant documents would be higher than for USENET news articles. The experiments also showed that printing behavior adds to what can be inferred from reading time. All the documents that were printed in the experiments were relevant, but the reading time for many of these documents was below the mean reading time for all documents read. This result implies that the use of printing behavior with reading time could increase the precision and recall ratios for detecting relevant documents. Suggestions for incorporating the results of the study into the Powerize Server were made in conclusion. This paper also reports detailed technical descriptions of the experiment design, including research problem, experimental system, and data collection.
The Journal of Entrepreneurial Finance The Journal of Entrepreneurial Finance

This paper attempts to extend the Certification Paradigm-mainly used in the literature as an explanation for IPO underpricings-to provide guidelines to entrepreneurs in their efforts to secure funding for new ventures. After extending the model to cases of pre-venture-capital start-up firms, along with the practical implications that would follow, efforts are made to derive some testable hypotheses for further research on the topic
Ray Deformation Networks for Novel View Synthesis of Refractive Objects

Neural Radiance Fields (NeRF) have demonstrated exceptional capabilities in creating photorealistic novel views using volume rendering on a radiance field. However, the intrinsic assumption of straight light rays within NeRF becomes a limitation when dealing with transparent or translucent objects that exhibit refraction, and therefore have curved light paths. This hampers the ability of these approaches to accurately model the appearance of refractive objects, resulting in suboptimal novel view synthesis and geometry estimates. To address this issue, we pro-pose an innovative solution using deformable networks to learn a tailored deformation field for refractive objects. Our approach predicts position and direction offsets, allowing NeRF to model the curved light paths caused by refraction and therefore the complex and highly view-dependent appearances of refractive objects. We also introduce a regularization strategy that encourages piece-wise linear light paths, since most physical systems can be approximated with a piece-wise constant index of refraction. By seamlessly integrating our deformation networks into the NeRF framework, our method significantly improves rendering refractive objects from novel views.
AUTONOMOUS MOBILE ROBOT WITH ORB-SLAM 2

In this thesis we introduced ORB-SLAM2. It is critical for a mobile robot to be able to identify revisited locations or loop closures while conducting Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) in order to be successful during autonomous navigation. When creating maps, it has been determined that one of the most difficult data association problems is loop closure. It is an effective method of eliminating mistakes and increasing the precision of the robot's localization and mapping capabilities. For the purpose of resolving the loop closure issue, the ORB-SLAM method is used, which is a feature-based simultaneous localization and mapping system that works in real time. This system incorporates loop closure and relocalization, as well as the ability to do automated initialization. The monocular cameras are used to test the algorithm's performance in order to ensure that it is working properly. An important goal of this thesis is to demonstrate the accuracy of the relocalization and loop closure processes while utilizing the ORB SLAM2 algorithm in a range of different environmental conditions. The effectiveness of relocalization and loop closure in a variety of difficult indoor settings is shown via the use of a variety of experiment. According to the results of the studies, the monocular SLAM provides an accurate outcome in the interior environment. The ORB-SLAM 2 findings show the usability of the technique for autonomous navigation and future automated vehicles equipped with a low-coast monocular camera. The ORB-SLAM 2 results also demonstrate the usability of the approach for future driverless vehicles.
Perineural Migration of Stem Cells in the Model of Damaged Heart Nodes

Unilateral vagotomy (n=15) with simultaneous injection of 10 thousand stem cells in 10μl of culture medium to intact vagus nerve (n=9) was performed on Wistar rats anesthetized with ketamine-xylazine-acepromazine. Migration of stem cells to atriums and ventricles was tracked by fluorescent markers. Also protective role of perineural injection of stem cells was established in relation to development of destructive processes in heart ganglions. Unilateral vagotomy and injection of stem cells to intact vagus nerve resulted in preservation of cell structure in sinoatrial ganglion and recovery of cardiac rhythm. It was assumed that technique of perineural migration of stem cells along vagus nerve fibers to heart is promising for prevention of arrhythmias and heart failure development in patients with impaired heart function.
Fall 10-1-2004 Weevil : a Tool to Automate Experimentation With Distributed Systems ; CU-CS-980-04

Engineering distributed systems is a challenging activity. This is partly due to the intrinsic complexity of distributed systems, and partly due to the practical obstacles that developers face when evaluating and tuning their design and implementation decisions. This paper addresses the latter aspect, providing techniques for software engineers to automate two key elements of the experimentation activity: (1) workload generation and (2) experiment deployment and execution. Our approach is founded on a suite of models that characterize the client behaviors that drive the experiments, the distributed system under experimentation, and the testbeds upon which the experiments are to be carried out. The models are used by simulation-based and generative techniques to automate the construction of the workloads, as well as construction of the scripts for deploying and executing the experiments on distributed testbeds. The framework is not targeted at a specific system or application model, but rather is a generic, programmable tool. We have validated our approach on a variety of distributed systems. Our experience shows that this framework can be readily applied to different kinds of distributed system architectures, and that using it for meaningful experimentation is advantageous.
Comparing the Haptic Perception of Directional Information Using a Uni-manual or Bi-manual Strategy on a Walker

—This paper evaluates the haptic perception of directional cues conveyed through one or two handles mounted on a walker, with the objective of devising haptic rendering techniques for aiding people with diverse mobility, sensory, and cognitive impairments. We designed a haptic handle composed of a cylindrical soft plastic casing, which houses ﬁve custom voice-coil actuators distributed around the handle. We carried out a human subject study enrolling 14 participants to investigate the impact of using uni-manual or bi-manual conditions and to identify the most effective tactile patterns in a navigation assistance scenario. We tested the use of either vibration bursts or pressure “taps” to convey different directions of motion, relying on the concept of the apparent haptic motion illusion. Results show that the proposed technique is an effective approach for providing navigational cues. We identiﬁed speciﬁc patterns that were highly effective both in uni or bi-manual conditions in conveying directional instructions towards the front (93.7%), the back (90.5%), the left (97.2%), and the right (84.5%) directions, highlighting the viability of both strategies and their adaptability to various single or dual-handle mobility devices. No signiﬁcant difference was found between providing vibratory or tapping signals.
Processing correlates of verb semantic complexity in argument realization

Predicate decomposition and construction grammar are two competing approaches to verb semantic representation. Both are syntactically useful in argument realization, but they make contradictory predictions of verb semantic complexity. The predicate decomposition approach hypothesizes that accomplishment verbs (e.g., break ) are conceptually more complex than activity verbs (e.g., sweep ). In contrast, the constructional approach hypothesizes that three-participant-role verbs (e.g., sweep ) are more complex than two-participant-role verbs (e.g., break ). To test these hypotheses, two experiments are reported in this paper. Experiment 1 investigates the activation of verb representation in lexical access by a lexical decision task. The results show that three-role verbs take significantly longer reaction times than two-role verbs, whereas there is no significant difference between accomplishment verbs and activity verbs. Experiment 2 examines the access and use of verb semantics in sentence processing by a self-paced reading task. The results show that three-role verbs yield significantly longer reading times than two-role verbs, whereas there is no significant reading time difference between accomplishment verbs and activity verbs. The above findings jointly suggest that the participant role is a better indicator of verb semantic complexity and, thus, is more likely to be stored in verb representation and accessed during language processing.
2016). The Impact of Transformational Leadership on Organizational Citizenship Behaviours: The Contingent Role of Public Service Motivation. British Journal of Management

This paper examines whether the relationship between transformational leadership and organisational citizenship behaviours (OCBs) is contingent on public service motivation (PSM). We propose that PSM may reduce the motivational influences of transformational leaders’ behaviours on followers’ OCBs in public sector organisations. Using a sample of Mexican employees we tested this proposition with structural equation modelling. Our results show that the motivational effects of transformational leadership were less for public sector followers higher in PSM, than those lower in PSM. A follow-up study in private sector organisations did not reveal a similar interaction effect. These findings appear consistent with previous research demonstrating that PSM is more aligned to the goals and values of public rather than private sector organisations. Nevertheless, the direct effects of PSM on OCBs remained in the private sector.
FOREST PRODUCTIVITY AND WOODY SPECIES DIVERSITY ON PRE-SMCRA MINED LAND

Citizens and landowners in the midwestern and eastern coal mining region are concerned that current reclamation procedures are not achieving land use, species diversity and productivity levels required by the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 (SMCRA). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of mining and reclamation practices, used prior to the passage of SMCRA, on various forest attributes including forest site productivity and woody species diversity in the canopy, understory, and groundlayers. Forest diversity and productivity of fourteen mined and eight natural sites in the eastern and midwestern coalfield regions were compared. Results show that forest site productivity and woody species diversity varied among site types, canopy cover types, and regions. Species richness of the canopy layer and understory between eastern and midwestern mined sites were very different. The use of white pine (Pinus strobus) for reclaiming mined sites in the eastern region resulted in a decrease of hardwoods present in the canopy layers on mined sites. Midwestern mined sites more closely approximated regional non-mined sites in commercial species composition. Reclamation procedures including degree of compaction and stand history played an important role in the development of forest stands on mined land. Pre-SMCRA midwestern mined sites were growing as well as non-mined forests in the region, while mined site growth in the eastern region was usually poorer than on non-mined forests. Forests on pre-SMCRA mined lands are productive, valuable, and diverse. They should provide insight into the impacts of current reclamation practices on reforestation success and potential forest productivity. Additional
RPG 2 : Robust Profile-Guided Runtime Prefetch Generation

Data cache prefetching is a well-established optimization to overcome the limits of the cache hierarchy and keep the processor pipeline fed with data. In principle, accurate, well-timed prefetches can sidestep the majority of cache misses and dramatically improve performance. In practice, however, it is challenging to identify which data to prefetch and when to do so. In particular, data can be easily requested too early, causing eviction of useful data from the cache, or requested too late, failing to avoid cache misses. Competition for limited off-chip memory bandwidth must also be balanced between prefetches and a program’s regular “de-mand” accesses. Due to these challenges, prefetching can both help and hurt performance, and the outcome can depend on program structure, decisions about what to prefetch and when to do it, and, as we demonstrate in a series of experiments, program input, processor microarchitecture, and their interaction as well. To try to meet these challenges, we have designed the RPG 2 system for online prefetch injection and tuning. RPG 2 is a pure-software system that operates on running C/C++ programs, profiling them, injecting prefetch instructions, and then tuning those prefetches to maximize performance. Across dozens of inputs, we find that
Moisture properties in soil profiles and their relation to landform at Zhonglianchuan small watershed

Analysis about soil water properties of the soil profiles along the transection of shoulder to footslope and their relation to landform were made on the Zhonglianchuan watershed in a semiarid and loess hilly area. The results showed that the content of coarse silt (0.05～0.02 mm), fine silt (0.02～0.005 mm), and clay (0.01 mm ) were 47.9%, 24.9% and 28.0%, respectively. Soil physical clay content followed the order of backslope shoulder footslope, which correspondingly influenced the soil water properties.
Meltwater stream temperature responses to air temperature and characteristics

The aim of this project is to examine the relative importance of size of glacier catchment area, air temperature, stream characteristics including distance travelled by meltwater in determining water temperature in meltwater rivers draining from Alpine Glaciers. Hood et al, (2013) suggested that percentage glacierisation was the determining influence on water temperature in streams draining large glacierisied basins in Alaska. Percentage glacierisation however is an unusual basin characteristic in that it largely depends on the location of the gauging station, and not on catchment physical properties. As meltwater temperature is influenced by incoming radiation, the length of time of exposure of meltwater is an important influencing factor on temperature. Length of time of exposure depends on fluvial characteristics, and distance between glacier portal and measurement/gauging station. This thesis examines how basin size, air temperature, radiation, melt stream length and stream characteristics contribute to meltwater in influencing these variable on meltwater temperature. The Swiss Alpine basin containing the glaciers Findelengletscher, Gornergletscher, (containing Grosser Aletschergletscher) all with temperature and discharge records in selected months (August and September) in 2007 with research from Collins where more than 10 years’ continuous records were investigated. Primary data was collected in the field in the Swiss Alps for air and water temperature and discharge, with secondary research collected by Collins used to show trends from previous years and support the results. Literature show the consistent links between climatic change and trends in rising discharge in glacier fed streams. Distance from glacier portal and surface area of meltwater rivers are important factors in influencing water temperature that are not related to percentage basin glacierisation. Water temperature is positively related to air temperature and negatively associated with river flow and it thermal capacity. Evidence of stream characteristics, glacier size and air temperature being key contributing factors influencing meltwater temperature proves that percentage glacierisation has no impact on stream temperature.
SEVERAL ISSUES CONCERNING VERTICAL CLIMATE OF THE HENGDUAN MOUNTAINS

According to measuring data of vertical climate in Yunling Baima Snow mountains for more than three months,the vertical lapse rate of air temperature is 0.71℃/100m on the western slope and 0.78℃/100m on the eastern site.Within definite limits of altitude,the precipitation increases with the rise of altitude.In the narrowest part of the parallel mountain valleys of the “Three River”(Nujiang,Lancangjiang and Jinshajiang) area,the maximum precipitation height is at 3 700 - 3 800 m above sea level on the leeside(eastern slope). Wind has obvious impact on the precipitaton which,at the windgap is 8%-12% less than that in area around meteorological observing station locating on the nonwind gap.
Survey and Analysis of Real-Time Face Detection Techniques in Video Scenes: Current Advancements and Future Prospects

In an era of rapid advancements in computer vision, the field of real-time face detection within video scenes has witnessed remarkable progress, igniting applications across diverse sectors like surveillance, human-computer interaction, and augmented reality. This paper presents an exhaustive review of recent strides in this domain, embracing an extensive spectrum of methodologies, techniques, and applications. The review commences by delving into the core concepts underpinning face detection, explicating the multifaceted challenges posed by fluctuating lighting, diverse poses, expressions, and potential obstructions. A meticulous exploration of both classical and contemporary approaches unfolds, with classical methods such as the Viola-Jones cascade, celebrated for its historical significance and enduring utility, alongside an in-depth analysis of cutting-edge deep learning models, including convolutional neural networks (CNNs), region-based CNNs, and one-shot detectors, revealing the architectures and mechanisms that empower these models to achieve unprecedented levels of accuracy and speed. Additionally, the research offers a discerning assessment of benchmark datasets and evaluation metrics, instrumental in impartially gauging and contrasting diverse methodologies, leveraging the ascendancy of annotated datasets for data-driven model refinement and validation. Contemporary applications that leverage real-time face detection are explored, illuminating its pivotal role in surveillance systems, video analytics, and human-computer interaction, underscored by its integration with allied computer vision tasks like facial recognition and emotion analysis, accentuating its interdisciplinary essence and real-world pertinence. This research not only navigates through recent breakthroughs in real-time face detection within video scenes but also equips researchers and practitioners with invaluable insights into the potentials, limitations, and future trajectories in this dynamic field, poised for further innovation driven by increasingly sophisticated algorithms and the burgeoning computational resources at our disposal, thereby resonating across diverse domains.
Coordinated cyber attack of multiple step based on local and global information

The coupling connection between power system and communication system enables smart grid evolve into cyber-physical power systems, reaching automatic operation in closed-loop. However, diverse hacker has imposed private attack on systems to steal information or implement sabotage. In this paper, the coupling connection between power system and communication system is analyzed, along with its interactive relation between nodes. Then, the requirement of survival sub-system and process of cascading failure are described in detail. Considering the local and global information, the coordinated attack of multiple step based on local and global information (adaptive attack) is proposed to effectively disintegrate the cyber-physical power systems. For various systems model, simulation has verified the effectiveness of attack methods on disintegrating systems.
Stability Analysis of Soil and Rock Mixed Slope Based on Random Heterogeneous Structure

Due to the complexity in the heterogeneous internal structure and interactions between rocks and soil, the slide of soil–rock mixed slope is usually more complex than that of a homogeneous soil slope. This paper investigated the stability of soil–rock mixed slopes with finite element method (FEM) based on random heterogeneous structure. An image-aided approach was used to generate the 2-D and 3-D digital rocks to ensure the morphology of digital rocks was similar with the real rocks. The 2-D and 3-D soil–rock mixed slopes were then generated by placing the digital rocks into the soil matrix. The generated heterogeneous structures of soil–rock mixed slope were imported into ABAQUS for numerical analysis. The effect of rock content, spatial distributions, material properties, and rock–soil interface on the stability of soil–rock mixed slopes were analyzed. Results show that the stability factor of the soil–rock mixed slope increases with the increase of rock content. The rocks can play a certain degree of antislide effect in the slope. The uneven spatial distribution of rocks has effect on the overall stability of soil–rock mixed slope. This effect is more significant when the rock content is moderate. Rocks distributed in the middle layer of the slope may improve the overall antisliding performance of the slope. The stability factor decreases with the increase of rock density. While the effect of rock elastic modulus on stability of soil–rock mixed slope is relatively limited. The contact condition at the soil–rock interface has effect on the overall stability of soil–rock mixed slope. It is recommended to properly determine the interface properties for stability analysis of soil–rock mixed slope.