Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Re-Irradiation with Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy for the Treatment of Recurrent Cervical Cancer in the Pelvis: An Analysis of Outcomes and Toxicity

Background and Objectives: Treatment options for most patients with recurrent cervical cancer within the previously irradiated field are limited. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and safety of re-irradiation using intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for patients with cervical cancer who experienced intrapelvic recurrence. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 22 patients with recurrent cervical cancer who were treated with re-irradiation for intrapelvic recurrence using IMRT between July 2006 and July 2020. The irradiation dose and volume were determined based on the range considered safe for the tumor size, location, and previous irradiation dose. Results: The median follow-up period was 15 months (range: 3–120) and the overall response rate was 63.6%. Of the symptomatic patients, 90% experienced symptom relief after treatment. The 1- and 2-year local progression-free survival (LPFS) rates were 36.8% and 30.7%, respectively, whereas the 1- and 2-year overall survival (OS) rates were 68.2% and 25.0%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that the interval between irradiations and gross tumor volume (GTV) were significant prognostic factors for LPFS. The response to re-irradiation showed borderline statistical significance for LPFS. The GTV and response to re-irradiation were also independent prognostic factors for OS. Grade 3 late toxicities were observed in 4 (18.2%) of the 22 patients. Recto- or vesico-vaginal fistula occurred in four patients. The irradiation dose was associated with fistula formation with borderline significance. Conclusions: Re-irradiation using IMRT is a safe and effective treatment strategy for patients with recurrent cervical cancer who previously received RT. Interval between irradiations, tumor size, response to re-irradiation, and radiation dose were the main factors affecting efficacy and safety.
Integrated Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses Reveal the Effects of Grafting on Special Metabolites of Acanthopanax senticosus Leaves

Acanthopanax senticosus (A. senticosus) is a member of Acanthopanax Miq. and is used in traditional Chinese medicine, and it has been found that grafting technology can be used to alter plant metabolite composition and transcriptome characteristics. In this study, shoots of A. senticosus were grafted onto the rootstocks of the vigorous Acanthopanax sessiliflorus (A. sessiliflorus) to improve its varietal characteristics. In order to investigate the changes in metabolites and transcriptional patterns in grafted A. senticosus leaves (GSCL), fresh leaves were collected from 2-year-old grafted A. senticosus scions, while self-rooted seedling A. senticosus leaves (SCL) were used as controls to analyse the transcriptome and metabolome. Metabolic profiles and gene expression patterns were further identified and correlated in special metabolite target pathways. The content of chlorogenic acid and triterpenoids in the GSCL was higher than in the control, while the quercetin content was lower. All these metabolic changes were associated with changes in the expression pattern of transcripts. Our results revealed the transcriptome and metabolome characteristics of GSCL. This may help to improve leaf quality in A. senticosus cultivation, suggesting that it is feasible to improve the medicinal quality of GSCL through asexual propagation, but the long-term effects need further investigation. In conclusion, this dataset provides a useful resource for future studies on the effects of grafting on medicinal plants.
Rapid Assessment of Insect Pest Outbreak Using Drones: A Case Study with Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Soybean Fields

Simple Summary When an insect pest outbreak occurs, it is crucial to quickly assess the damage to manage the outbreak effectively. This study investigated a serious outbreak of the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), that occurred in soybean fields in South Korea. We conducted an aerial survey of 31 soybean blocks within the outbreak region using drones. The aerial images were analyzed to quantify soybean defoliation and to investigate the spatial patterns of the soybean damage by S. exigua. The results of this study showed that the aerial survey was an effective and rapid method for estimating the defoliation of soybeans caused by S. exigua. Moreover, it was found that the aerial survey followed by image analysis was more economical and required less time than a conventional ground survey, especially when the number of target soybean blocks subject to the survey was more than 15 blocks. Overall, the study demonstrated the effectiveness of using an autonomous drone and image analysis to conduct a low-cost aerial survey of soybean damage caused by S. exigua during its outbreak. Abstract Rapid assessment of crop damage is essential for successful management of insect pest outbreaks. In this study, we investigated the use of an unmanned aircraft system (UAS) and image analyses to assess an outbreak of the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), that occurred in soybean fields in South Korea. A rotary-wing UAS was deployed to obtain a series of aerial images over 31 soybean blocks. The images were stitched together to generate composite imagery, followed by image analyses to quantify soybean defoliation. An economic analysis was conducted to compare the cost of the aerial survey with that of a conventional ground survey. The results showed that the aerial survey precisely estimated the defoliation compared to the ground survey, with an estimated defoliation of 78.3% and a range of 22.4–99.8% in the 31 blocks. Moreover, the aerial survey followed by image analyses was found to be more economical than the conventional ground survey when the number of target soybean blocks subject to the survey was more than 15 blocks. Our study clearly demonstrated the effectiveness of using an autonomous UAS and image analysis to conduct a low-cost aerial survey of soybean damage caused by S. exigua outbreaks, which can inform decision-making for S. exigua management.
A Relationship between Changes of Surface Air and Sea Floor Temperatures at the Arctic Shelf from the Coupled Models Intercomparison Project, Phase 6 Data

The sensitivity of seafloor temperature TB to the warming of surface air temperature Ta is examined for 1850–2300, based on simulations with five models from the Coupled Models Intercomparison Project phase 6 ensemble and driven by a scenario with high anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases. In this historical period (until 2015), sensitivity coefficients α=ΔTB/ΔTa (Δ indicates changes relative to the pre-industrial period) were typically ≤0.12 for annual means and up to 0.43 in summer. However, during the same period in the Barents Sea sector, the sensitivity coefficients were as large as 0.6 in summer. For summer, the obtained results are consistent with the limited measurements available for the Siberian shelf. In future, sensitivity coefficients will increase markedly, and α≥0.7 will become common for the part of the Arctic shelf that becomes ice-free in summer. Our results have implications for estimating the future thermal state of subsea sediments, as well as for oceanic biota.
Aflatoxigenic Aspergillus Modulates Aflatoxin-B1 Levels through an Antioxidative Mechanism

Aflatoxins (AFs) are considered to play important functions in species of Aspergillus section Flavi including an antioxidative role, as a deterrent against fungivorous insects, and in antibiosis. Atoxigenic Flavi are known to degrade AF-B1 (B1). To better understand the purpose of AF degradation, we investigated the degradation of B1 and AF-G1 (G1) in an antioxidative role in Flavi. Atoxigenic and toxigenic Flavi were treated with artificial B1 and G1 with or without the antioxidant selenium (Se), which is expected to affect levels of AF. After incubations, AF levels were measured by HPLC. To estimate which population would likely be favoured between toxigenic and atoxigenic Flavi under Se, we investigated the fitness, by spore count, of the Flavi as a result of exposure to 0, 0.40, and 0.86 µg/g Se in 3%-sucrose cornmeal agar (3gCMA). Results showed that levels B1 in medium without Se were reduced in all isolates, while G1 did not significantly change. When the medium was treated with Se, toxigenic Flavi significantly digested less B1, while levels of G1 significantly increased. Se did not affect the digestion of B1 in atoxigenic Flavi, and also did not alter levels of G1. Furthermore, atoxigenic strains were significantly fitter than toxigenic strains at Se 0.86 µg/g 3gCMA. Findings show that while atoxigenic Flavi degraded B1, toxigenic Flavi modulated its levels through an antioxidative mechanism to levels less than they produced. Furthermore, B1 was preferred in the antioxidative role compared to G1 in the toxigenic isolates. The higher fitness of atoxigenic over toxigenic counterparts at a plant non-lethal dose of 0.86 µg/g would be a useful attribute for integration in the broader biocontrol prospects of toxigenic Flavi.
A Perplexing Case of Bladder Mass Biopsy-Proven Neurosarcoidosis

Sarcoidosis is a multi-organ systemic disease that presents with several clinical manifestations, and patients can develop neurologic complications. Neurosarcoidosis may be life-threatening; therefore, early recognition and treatment are key. Here, we present a case of a 55-year-old African American male who presented with a complaint of dizziness and left-sided weakness; he ultimately received a diagnosis of neurosarcoidosis after elaborate radiographic investigations and bladder mass biopsy. Neurosarcoidosis remains a diagnostic dilemma as it can clinically and radiographically mimic multiple conditions including multiple sclerosis, central nervous system lymphoma, multiple myeloma, and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.
La inteligencia artificial, la arqueología y lo que nos depara el pasado.

Todas las ciencias sociales trabajan con métodos y técnicas que buscan hacer predicciones sobre el comportamiento humano. Se podría pensar que la arqueología, cuyo objeto de estudio son los materiales del pasado, es una de las pocas disciplinas que no pretende estas tecnologías predictivas; pero, no. Como todas las ramas de las humanidades y ciencias sociales, los arqueólogos intentamos descubrir las leyes que guiaron las conductas de las sociedades antiguas. Para ello, todas las herramientas potencialmente necesarias deben ser probadas y, si funcionan, utilizadas.
The Jet Flap

Throughout the animal kingdom powered flight is a surprisingly common attribute and whenever it occurs both the sustenation and the propulsion are provided by the same structural and aerodynamic mechanism. There is, in fact, but a single aerodynamic reaction which is divided, for convenience, into thrust and lift. In earlier times this convention was presumably not recognised, for the ornithopter appears to have formed for some centuries the principal technical basis of man's aspiration to heavier-than-air flight. Of the exceptions, Leonardo da Vinci's helicopter is now, of course, an accepted vehicle, but this lecture is concerned mainly with fixed-wing aircraft for which it is significant that success came only with the aeroplane, or, as Lachmann has recently put it, with the powered glider.
Advanced Vehicle Tracking System Using ARM7

To Track the position of the vehicle by means of GPS device and automatically sending the data to the remote server webpage and display the current position of the device in the Google map to the authorities. In institution or in ATM cash filling vehicle, most of the time we need to monitor position or path vehicle whether it’s moving in correct direction or not. This system used the ARM7 controller. The real time vehicle tracking and monitoring system tracks the vehicle and displays the current location of the vehicle in the remote server using Google maps. It has the ability to communicate over the remote areas where user needs the current location of vehicle. It can provide Tele-monitoring system for inter-cities transportation vehicles such as taxis and buses. This system is integrated with GPS and GSM to provide features like Location information and Real time tracking using SMS.
Dynamical phase transitions in disordered systems : the study of a random walk model

We study a random walk in a N dimensional hypercube.To each site of the hypercube we associate a random value according to a Bernoulli distribution.These values together with the temperature define the law of waiting times of the walk at each site.We exhibit a transition between the high and low temperatures regime by studying the distance between two trajectories starting from different initial conditions and subjected to the same noise.
Επιστημονική Επετηρίδα Παιδαγωγικού Τμήματος Νηπιαγωγών

Number sense is crucial in daily life and therefore an important aspect of education. The development of number sense recently attracted the attention of an increasing number of researchers in the domains of cognitive and developmental (neuro)psychology, (psychology of) mathematics education, special education, and educational neuroscience. In this article, we integrate and discuss the major results of these numerous studies on children’s acquisition of number sense. We start with the definition of the concept of number sense. Afterwards, we summarize the major findings on children’s acquisition of number sense from infancy to the early school years. Next, we provide an overview of recent intervention studies aiming at stimulating the development of number sense in young children. We end with a summary of the major findings and future issues for studies in this domain. KEY­WORDS: Number sense; lower­order number sense; higher­order number sense; numerical magnitude representation; numerical magnitude comparison; number line estimation; mental number line; strategy competencies; intervention; number board games
Differentiable Display Photometric Stereo

Photometric stereo leverages variations in illumination conditions to reconstruct surface normals. Display photometric stereo, which employs a conventional monitor as an illumination source, has the potential to overcome limitations often encountered in bulky and difficult-to-use conventional setups. In this paper, we present differentiable display photometric stereo (DDPS), addressing an often overlooked challenge in display photometric stereo: the design of display patterns. Departing from using heuristic display patterns, DDPS learns the display patterns that yield accurate normal reconstruction for a target system in an end-to-end manner. To this end, we propose a differentiable framework that couples basis-illumination image formation with analytic photometric-stereo reconstruction. The differentiable framework facilitates the effective learning of display patterns via auto-differentiation. Also, for training supervision, we propose to use 3D printing for creating a real-world training dataset, enabling accurate reconstruction on the target real-world setup. Finally, we exploit that conventional LCD monitors emit polarized light, which allows for the optical separation of diffuse and specular reflections when combined with a polarization camera, leading to accurate normal reconstruction. Extensive evaluation of DDPS shows improved normal-reconstruction accuracy compared to heuristic patterns and demonstrates compelling properties such as robustness to pattern initialization, calibration errors, and simplifications in image formation and reconstruction.
Neural 360$^\circ$ Structured Light with Learned Metasurfaces

Structured light has proven instrumental in 3D imaging, LiDAR, and holographic light projection. Metasurfaces, comprised of sub-wavelength-sized nanostructures, facilitate 180$^\circ$ field-of-view (FoV) structured light, circumventing the restricted FoV inherent in traditional optics like diffractive optical elements. However, extant metasurface-facilitated structured light exhibits sub-optimal performance in downstream tasks, due to heuristic pattern designs such as periodic dots that do not consider the objectives of the end application. In this paper, we present neural 360$^\circ$ structured light, driven by learned metasurfaces. We propose a differentiable framework, that encompasses a computationally-efficient 180$^\circ$ wave propagation model and a task-specific reconstructor, and exploits both transmission and reflection channels of the metasurface. Leveraging a first-order optimizer within our differentiable framework, we optimize the metasurface design, thereby realizing neural 360$^\circ$ structured light. We have utilized neural 360$^\circ$ structured light for holographic light projection and 3D imaging. Specifically, we demonstrate the first 360$^\circ$ light projection of complex patterns, enabled by our propagation model that can be computationally evaluated 50,000$\times$ faster than the Rayleigh-Sommerfeld propagation. For 3D imaging, we improve depth-estimation accuracy by 5.09$\times$ in RMSE compared to the heuristically-designed structured light. Neural 360$^\circ$ structured light promises robust 360$^\circ$ imaging and display for robotics, extended-reality systems, and human-computer interactions.
Continuous Online Extrinsic Calibration of Fisheye Camera and LiDAR

Automated driving systems use multi-modal sensor suites to ensure the reliable, redundant and robust perception of the operating domain, for example camera and LiDAR. An accurate extrinsic calibration is required to fuse the camera and LiDAR data into a common spatial reference frame required by high-level perception functions. Over the life of the vehicle the value of the extrinsic calibration can change due physical disturbances, introducing an error into the high-level perception functions. Therefore there is a need for continuous online extrinsic calibration algorithms which can automatically update the value of the camera-LiDAR calibration during the life of the vehicle using only sensor data. We propose using mutual information between the camera image's depth estimate, provided by commonly available monocular depth estimation networks, and the LiDAR pointcloud's geometric distance as a optimization metric for extrinsic calibration. Our method requires no calibration target, no ground truth training data and no expensive offline optimization. We demonstrate our algorithm's accuracy, precision, speed and self-diagnosis capability on the KITTI-360 data set.
A proposal to demonstrate non-abelian anyons on a NISQ device

In this work we present a proposal for realising non-Abelian anyons on a NISQ device. In particular we explore the feasibility of implementing the quantum double model $D(D_4)$. We propose techniques to drastically simplify the circuits for the manipulation and measurements of anyons. Numerical simulations with realistic noise models suggest that current NISQ technology is capable of probing signatures of non-Abelian anyons far beyond elemental properties such as the non-commutativity of braids. In particular, we conclude that experimentally measuring the full modular data of the model is feasible.
Index and small bundle gerbes

By a small bundle gerbe we mean a bundle gerbe in the sense of Murray defined on a smooth, finite-dimensional, fibre bundle over a manifold. We construct such gerbes over compact oriented aspherical 3-manifolds, as well as in higher dimensions, generalizing the construction of decomposable bundle gerbes in earlier work with Singer. For these small bundle gerbes there is a direct index map given in terms of either fibrewise pseudodifferential operators, or more conveniently fibrewise semiclassical smoothing operators, twisted by the simplicial line bundle. We prove the Atiyah-Singer type theorem that this realizes the push-forward into twisted K-theory. We also give an application via the index of projective families of Spin_c Dirac operators, to show the existence of obstructions to metrics with large positive scalar curvature.
Sayonara BCS: Realization of Room Temperature Superconductivity as a result of a First Order Phase Transition (preprint)

By making periodic thru-holes in a suspended film, the phonon system can be modified. Motivated by the BCS theory, the technique -- so-called phonon engineering -- was applied to a metallic niobium sheet. It was found that its electrical resistance dropped to zero at 175 K, and the zero-resistance state persisted up to 290 K in the subsequent warming process. Despite the initial motivation, neither these high transition temperatures nor the phase transition with thermal hysteresis can be accounted for by the BCS theory. Therefore, we abandon the BCS theory. Instead, it turns out that the metallic holey sheet is partly oxidized to form a niobium-oxygen square lattice, which has points of resemblance to a copper-oxygen plane, the fundamental component of cuprate high-Tc superconductors. Therefore, the pairing mechanism underlying this study should be related to that of cuprate high-Tc superconductors, which we may not yet understand. In addition to the electrical results of zero resistance, the holey sheet exhibited a decrease in magnetization upon cooling, i.e., the Meissner effect. Moreover, the remnant magnetization was clearly detected at 300 K, which can only be attributed to persistent currents flowing in a superconducting sample. Thus, this study meets the established criteria for a conclusive demonstration of true superconductivity. Finally, the superconducting transition with the unambiguous thermal hysteresis is discussed. According to Halperin, Lubensky, and Ma, or HLM for short, any superconducting transition must always be first order with thermal hysteresis because of the intrinsic fluctuating magnetic field. The HLM theory is very compatible with the highly oriented system harboring two-dimensional superconductivity.
Dynamic Hierarchical Models

An analysis of a time series of cross-sectional data is considered under a Bayesian perspective. Information is modelled in terms of prior distributions and stratified parametric linear models developed by Lindley and Smith and dynamic linear models developed by Harrison and Stevens are merged into a general framework. This is shown to include many models proposed in econometrics and experimental design. Properties of the model are derived and shrinkage estimators reassessed. Evolution, smoothing and passage of data information through the levels of the hierarchy are discussed. Inference with an unknown scalar observation variance is drawn and an extension to the non-linear case is proposed