Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Occurrence and Characteristics of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcal Isolates from Foods and Containers

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has emerged as an urgent global public health issue that requires immediate attention. Methicillin-resistant staphylococci (MRS) is a major problem, as it may cause serious human and animal infections, eventually resulting in death. This study determined the proportional distribution, genetic characteristics, and antimicrobial susceptibility of mecA- or mecC-carrying staphylococci isolated from food chain products. A total of 230 samples were taken from meat, food, fermented food, and food containers. Overall, 13.9% (32/230) of the samples were identified to have Staphylococcus aureus isolates; of those, 3.9% (9/230) were MRS, with eight mecA-positive and one mecC-positive samples, and 1.3% (3/230) methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). MRSA strains belonging to three sequence types (ST9, ST22, and a newly identified ST), three different spa types (T005, t526, and a newly identified type), and three different SCCmec types (IV, V, and an unidentified SCCmec) were detected. Additionally, eight mecA-positive staphylococcal isolates were identified as S. haemolyticus, S. sciuri, S. simulans, and S. warneri, while the mecC-harboring isolate was S. xylosus. The enterotoxin gene, SEm, was detected at 1.56% in S. aureus, whereas SEq was detected at 0.31%, and SEi was also found in MRSA. Our study emphasizes the importance of enhanced hygiene standards in reducing the risk of occupational and foodborne MRSA infections associated with the handling or consumption of meat, food, and preserved food products.
Structural and functional changes of the cerebellum in temporal lobe epilepsy

Aims This study aimed to comprehensively explore the cerebellar structural and functional changes in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and its association with clinical information. Methods The SUIT toolbox was utilized to perform cerebellar volume and diffusion analysis. In addition, we extracted the average diffusion values of cerebellar peduncle tracts to investigate microstructure alterations. Seed-based whole-brain analysis was used to investigate cerebellar–cerebral functional connectivity (FC). Subgroup analyses were performed to identify the cerebellar participation in TLE with/without hippocampal sclerosis (HS)/focal-to-bilateral tonic–clonic seizure (FBTCS) and TLE with different lateralization. Results TLE showed widespread gray matter atrophy in bilateral crusII, VIIb, VIIIb, left crusI, and left VIIIa. Both voxel and tract analysis observed diffusion abnormalities in cerebellar afferent peduncles. Reduced FC between the right crus II and the left parahippocampal cortex was found in TLE. Additionally, TLE showed increased FCs between left lobules VI–VIII and cortical nodes of the dorsal attention and visual networks. Across all patients, decreased FC was associated with poorer cognitive function, while increased FCs appeared to reflect compensatory effects. The cerebellar structural changes were mainly observed in HS and FBTCS subgroups and were regardless of seizure lateralization, while cerebellar–cerebral FC alterations were similar in all subgroups. Conclusion TLE exhibited microstructural changes in the cerebellum, mainly related to HS and FBTCS. In addition, altered cerebellar–cerebral functional connectivity is associated with common cognitive alterations in TLE.
The coupling of spin-offs and research institutions in the triangle of policy, science and industrie: An international comparison

Academic spin-offs have received increasing attention in discussions about science and innovation policy and in research. Most of the attention has been focused on determining the conditions for fostering spin-offs, but this paper shifts the focus back to the potential repercussions for academic institutions. These may result from the involvement of researchers in spin-off processes and from incentives aimed at supporting spin-off activities. In a first step, the paper develops a conceptual framework with which to analyse repercussions that result from the interaction between policy measures for supporting spin-offs and structural features of national science systems. Policy measures and structural aspects of the science systems influence the ways spin-offs and their parent institutions interact. As patterns of linkages differ, so too may their impacts on academic institutions. Secondly, based on secondary analysis of comparative studies, we develop a number of hypotheses as to which repercussions on academic institutions may be expected in a number of European countries. The paper concludes by proposing implications for policy as well as for further research.
Research progress on tomato spotted wilt virus transmitted by Thrips

Thrip is a collective name for Thysanoptera, an agricultural pest that is widely distributed around the world and transmits viruses, in addition, to directly eating crops, causing extremely serious economic losses. Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is one of the main viruses transmitted by thrips. Since the discovery of TSWV in 1919, much progress and achievements have been made in its characteristics, mechanism of transmission, comprehensive prevention and control of TSWV in the past hundred years. This article summarizes the characteristics, propagation mechanism and control measures of TSWV transmission in thrips, and looks forward to future research directions.
Perindopril: do randomised, controlled trials support an ACE inhibitor class effect? A meta-analysis of clinical trials

Background Due to the lack of face-to-face trials between ACE inhibitors, clinicians and third-party funders may assume they provide similar outcomes. As a result, ACE inhibitors may be prescribed interchangeably and deemed to provide the same outcomes for all patients when used chronically, that is for more than six months. Objective This meta-analysis aims to dispute the assumption of a class effect when prescribing ACE inhibitors (ACEIs), since the evidence from all the clinical trials is not uniform and therefore a direct comparison is impossible. Methods Published randomised, controlled trials were selected using an applicable literature search for all ACEIs, irrespective of drug combination, for any cardiovascular outcome (both composite and individual outcomes were included). The average length of ACEI exposure per trial had to be longer than six months). This meta-analysis was performed using odds ratios as the parameter of efficacy in a fixed-effects model. Results/Conclusion Perindopril resulted in significantly fewer patients reaching the primary endpoint versus all other ACEIs combined. The results were consistent for myocardial infarction, stroke and mortality (5 vs 11%, p = 0.0001). Perindopril alone or as part of combination therapy in clinical trials seemed to deliver clear and consistent outcome differences compared to other ACEI trials. In the presence of positive outcomes from robust randomised, controlled trials for perindopril, one cannot assume a class effect for all ACEIs.
Survey of Time Series Data Generation in IoT

Nowadays, with the rapid growth of the internet of things (IoT), massive amounts of time series data are being generated. Time series data play an important role in scientific and technological research for conducting experiments and studies to obtain solid and convincing results. However, due to privacy restrictions, limited access to time series data is always an obstacle. Moreover, the limited available open source data are often not suitable because of a small quantity and insufficient dimensionality and complexity. Therefore, time series data generation has become an imperative and promising solution. In this paper, we provide an overview of classical and state-of-the-art time series data generation methods in IoT. We classify the time series data generation methods into four major categories: rule-based methods, simulation-model-based methods, traditional machine-learning-based methods, and deep-learning-based methods. For each category, we first illustrate its characteristics and then describe the principles and mechanisms of the methods. Finally, we summarize the challenges and future directions of time series data generation in IoT. The systematic classification and evaluation will be a valuable reference for researchers in the time series data generation field.
The Effects of Whistleblower Program Financial Incentives and Administration on Financial Managers’ Reporting Judgments

The accounting whistleblower literature has expanded with the passage of antifraud regulations such as the Sarbanes-Oxley and Dodd-Frank Acts. Prior studies focus primarily on the detection of the perceived wrongdoing through whistleblower intentions rather than prevention through the potential whistleblower targets (e.g., financial managers). We study the effects of whistleblower program financial incentives (i.e., incentives or no incentives) and whistleblower program administration (i.e., internally or externally) on financial managers’ reporting judgments. A sample of 91 experienced financial managers provided their likelihood to recognize goodwill impairment in an experiment where whistleblower program incentives and administration were manipulated randomly between subjects. Results indicate that financial managers make more conservative judgments when the whistleblower program includes financial incentives. We find a significant interaction where financial managers are most likely to recognize impairment when incentives exist and the program is administered internally. Supplemental analysis indicates that nonprofit managers act less conservatively than other industries.
INJECTION AND FALLOFF TEST ANALYSIS TO ESTIMATE PROPERTIES OF UNSATURATED FRACTORES

A new technique for calculating hydraulic properties of unsaturated fractured formations is proposed as an alternative to the common approach involving steady-state analysis of multi-rate gas injection tests. This method is based on graphical analysis of transient pressure data from an injection-falloff test sequence. Flow in a fracture of limited lateral extent, bounded above and below by an impermeable matrix, and intersected by a cylindrical borehole is described by two analytical models. The first model corresponds to early-time infinite acting radial flow, and the second to late-time linear flow. Interpretive equations are derived for computing fracture conductivity and volumetric aperture from early-time data, and fracture width from late-time data. Effects of fracture inclination and gravity are studied numerically, and found to be practically negligible for gas as well as water injection. Analysis of simulated injection-falloff tests using the suggested procedure yields results that agree well with simulator input values. 13 refs., 5 figs.
Cyberloafing: Exploring the Role of Psychological Wellbeing and Social Media Learning

Due to the advances in internet communications technology (ICT), the use of digital devices, such as laptops, tablets, or smartphones, in the educational setting has become very common among young people. A considerable body of research has shown that there are adverse effects of in-class internet usage, termed “cyberloafing” on students’ academic performance, making it a rising concern for scholars. Within this context, the present study examines cyberloafing as a multidimensional construct and studies the mediating effects of psychological wellbeing and social media learning between cyberloafing behaviour and cyberloafing activities of students. Using an online survey, data was collected from 240 undergraduate and graduate students at a private university in India. The data were analyzed using structural equation modelling and mediation analysis. The results indicate that cyberloafing behaviour negatively influences student’s psychological wellbeing, whereas psychological wellbeing is positively related to cyberloafing activities. It was also found that, on one hand, cyberloafing behaviour negatively influences social media learning, whereas social media learning did not have any effect on cyberloafing activities in students. This study highlights that it is crucial for educators and course instructors to incorporate appropriate practices and interventions to manage the misuse of the internet through cyberloafing in classrooms.
Non‐destructive elemental analysis of lunar meteorites using a negative muon beam

We report the result of a non‐destructive elemental analysis of lunar meteorites using a negative muon beam at J‐PARC. An experimental system of six Ge semiconductor detectors and a newly designed He analysis chamber (to enable quantitative analysis of Al) was used to provide a high signal‐to‐noise ratio for the detection of major elements from lunar rocks (Mg, Si, Fe, O, Ca, and Al). We performed a Monte Carlo simulation to determine the chemical compositions at two sides and the center of a sample (at depths of 0.33 and 0.96 mm below the sample surface, respectively) of the lunar meteorite DEW 12007. These results indicate that the three interior regions of DEW 12007 are likely to be 55.8:44.2, 51.4:48.6, and 54.4:45.6 wt% mixtures of anorthositic and basaltic clasts, respectively. This study is the first quantitative analysis of a heterogeneous meteorite interior using a negative muon beam. As elemental analysis using a muon beam is non‐destructive and highly sensitive to light elements, including C, N, and O, the protocols established in this study are applicable to initial characterization of returned samples from the South Pole of the Moon.
Reconstruction of deep fluid chemical constituents for estimation of geothermal reservoir temperature using chemical geothermometers

: This paper elaborates the chemical constituent change principles of deep geothermal fluid during the process of upward movement. It summarizes research methods of hydrochemistry, isotope and numerical modelling technique for the physiochemical processes such as decreasing temperature, shallow groundwater infusion, and degassing. The multi-component chemical geothermometry methods including gas geochemical method are discussed. High-temperature geothermal fields in China are mostly located in the southwest with frequent new tectonic movements, especially in Tibet high-temperature geothermal areas. Therefore the paper also focuses the status of high-temperature geothermal fluid research. At last, it ’ s pointed out in the paper that in the future we can start from typical high-temperature geothermal zones and geothermal fields to explore optimization of the multi-component geothermometry method and use it in the reconstruction and analogue of the formation mechanism and internal relevancy of regional geothermal systems.
Acute toxicity test of some concoctions used for the management of malaria in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria

Practice of complementary and alternative medicines continue to gain popularity in the recent times. These medicines are products of plants prepared by local herb sellers. Many herb sellers can be sighted on the street of many towns in Ekiti State, Nigeria selling their products to community people. The medicines are either prepared as powder or concoctions. Concoctions that are used to manage malaria were randomly purchased from three herb sellers in Ado-Ekiti metropolis, Ekiti State. These were subjected to acute toxicity test in Wister strain albino rats of either sex in order to determine their biosafety. Water was administered to the test animals in lieu of concoction for the control group. No mortality was recorded 24 hours post-administration of the concoctions to the test animals. The biochemical parameters examined in the test animals were alanine amino transferase, aspartate amino transferase and creatinine, all these parameters showed no significant difference (P>0.05) from the control group. The photomicrographs of the cellular structures of the visceral organs of the test animals also showed no morphological alterations. The acute intake of the concoctions did not cause any noticeable adverse effects on the biochemical and histological composition of the test animals. The concoctions appeared not to cause any potential harm to the animals and could be considered safe pharmacologically.
Dung Beetle Optimization with Deep Feature Fusion Model for Lung Cancer Detection and Classification

Simple Summary Medical imaging devices can be vital in primary-stage lung tumor analysis and the observation of lung tumors from the treatment. Many medical imaging modalities like computed tomography (CT), chest X-ray (CXR), molecular imaging, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography (PET) systems are widely analyzed for lung cancer detection. This article presents a new dung beetle optimization modified deep feature fusion model for lung cancer detection and classification (DBOMDFF-LCC) technique. Abstract Lung cancer is the main cause of cancer deaths all over the world. An important reason for these deaths was late analysis and worse prediction. With the accelerated improvement of deep learning (DL) approaches, DL can be effectively and widely executed for several real-world applications in healthcare systems, like medical image interpretation and disease analysis. Medical imaging devices can be vital in primary-stage lung tumor analysis and the observation of lung tumors from the treatment. Many medical imaging modalities like computed tomography (CT), chest X-ray (CXR), molecular imaging, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography (PET) systems are widely analyzed for lung cancer detection. This article presents a new dung beetle optimization modified deep feature fusion model for lung cancer detection and classification (DBOMDFF-LCC) technique. The presented DBOMDFF-LCC technique mainly depends upon the feature fusion and hyperparameter tuning process. To accomplish this, the DBOMDFF-LCC technique uses a feature fusion process comprising three DL models, namely residual network (ResNet), densely connected network (DenseNet), and Inception-ResNet-v2. Furthermore, the DBO approach was employed for the optimum hyperparameter selection of three DL approaches. For lung cancer detection purposes, the DBOMDFF-LCC system utilizes a long short-term memory (LSTM) approach. The simulation result analysis of the DBOMDFF-LCC technique of the medical dataset is investigated using different evaluation metrics. The extensive comparative results highlighted the betterment of the DBOMDFF-LCC technique of lung cancer classification.
Disposable Duodenoscopes: Evidence and Open Issues

Duodenoscope-related infections are a major concern in medicine and GI endoscopy, especially in fragile patients. Disposable duodenoscopes seem to be the right tool to minimize the problem: a good choice for patients with many comorbidities or with a high risk of carrying multidrug resistant bacteria. Urgent endoscopy could also be a good setting for the use of single-use duodenoscopes, especially when the risk of the infection cannot be evaluated. Their safety and efficacy in performing ERCP has been proven in many studies. However, randomized clinical trials and comparative large studies with reusable scopes are lacking. Moreover, the present early stage of their introduction on the market does not allow a large economical evaluation for each health system. Thus, accurate economical and safety comparisons with cap-disposable duodenoscopes are needed. Moreover, the environmental impact of single-use duodenoscopes should be carefully evaluated, considering the ongoing climate change. In conclusion, definitive guidelines are needed to choose wisely the appropriate patients for ERCP with disposable duodenoscopes as the complete switch to single-use duodenoscopes seems to be difficult, to date. Many issues are still open, and they need to be carefully evaluated in further, larger studies.
Evaluation of wolf-livestock conflicts and management in the northwestern United States

Wolf {Canis lupus) populations are recovering in Montana, Idaho, and Wyoming as a result of dispersal from Canada and reintroduction into Yellowstone National Park and Central Idaho. Wolves sometimes kill livestock, causing much controvert and concern over how best to manage livestock depredations while promoting wolf recovery. In this thesis, I evaluated wolf-livestock con^cts and management methods used by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service from 1987-2002. First, I examined the effects of wolf removal (from lethal control or translocation) on reducing livestock depredations. After partial or conq}lete wolf pack removal, depredations usualfy ceased for the remainder of the given grazing seasoa However, most packs that were partially removed (68%) depredated again within the year. Rate of recolonization of territories wdiere entire packs were removed (n = 10) was high (70%) and most recolonizations (86%) occurred within a year of the previous pack's removal. Most recolonized packs depredated (86%). Packs that had alphas removed were no less likely to depredate again within the year than packs with non-alphas removed. Second, I examined wolf pack establishment, depredations, survival, and homing behavfor of translocated wolves to evaluate the effectiveness of translocation as a nonlethal method. Most translocated wolves (67%) failed to establish or join a pack after release and 27% resumed depredating. Still, 8 new packs were established as a result of translocations. Translocated wolves had lower annual survival (0.60) than other radiocollared wolves (0.73). Mortality of translocated wolves was primarily human-caused with government control conprising the largest source of mortality. Release area was the most in:q)ortant &ctor related to wolf survival. Wolves showed a strong tendency to home. Third, I examined fectors related to wolf depredation of cattle in fenced pastures. I compared 34 pastures that had ejqjerienced depredations to 62 nearby pastures that had not experienced depredations in Montana and Idaho. Pastures where depredations occurred were more likely to have elk (Cervus elaphus) present, were larger in size, had more cattle, and grazed cattle fiirther from residences than pastures without depredations. Greater vegetation cover, closer proximity to wolf dens, and physical vulnerability of cattle were also likely in^rtant &ctors.