Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Improved Structural Equation Models Using Factor Analysis

We develop an agricultural adaptive structural equation model (SEM) that incorporates a large number of factors. These factors simultaneously account for food production while uncompromising food quality and safety. Using the principal component analysis (PCA), we obtain provisional factors, which we rotate using factor analysis, thus leading to reduced number of variables. To decide on the form of the covariance structure in the estimation of the parameters of the regression model, we conduct analysis of covariance. The generated principal components are incorporated into the SEMs where testing of different inter-associations among latent variables (LV) is conducted. For simplicity of the model, we utilise J reskog linear structural equation (LSE) system throughout the investigation process. Using a comprehensive real-life example, we illustrate the concepts and effects of the outcomes. The results show that factors such as energy, transport, labour and fertilizer make a positive contribution in the increase of the quantity and quality food. In addition, we demonstrate how to determine the key factors that influence food production where some factors are not directly measured.
Stable host gene expression in the gut of adult Drosophila melanogaster with different bacterial mono-associations

There is growing evidence that the microbes found in the digestive tracts of animals influence host biology, but we still do not understand how this comes about. Here, we evaluated how different microbial species commonly associated with laboratory-reared Drosophila melanogaster impact host biology at the level of gene expression in the dissected adult gut or the entire adult organism. We observed that guts from gnotobiotic animals associated from the embryonic stage with either zero, one or three bacterial species demonstrated indistinguishable transcriptional profiles. Additionally, we found that the gut transcriptional profiles of animals reared in the presence of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae alone or in combination with bacteria could recapitulate those of conventionally-reared animals. In contrast, we found whole body transcriptional profiles of conventionally-reared animals were distinct from all of the gnotobiotic treatments tested. Our data suggest that adult flies are insensitive to the ingestion of different bacterial species but that prior to adulthood, different microbes impact the host in ways that lead to global transcriptional differences observable across the whole adult body.
Dopaminergic and glutamatergic microdomains within a subset of rodent mesoaccumbens axons

Mesoaccumbens fibers are thought to co-release dopamine and glutamate. However, the mechanism of co-release of dopamine and glutamate is unclear, and the co-release by mesoaccumbens fibers has not been documented. By electron microcopy we showed that some mesoaccumbens fibers have vesicular transporters for dopamine (VMAT2) in axon-segments continuous with axon-terminals that lack VMAT2, but contain vesicular glutamate transporters type 2 (VGluT2). In vivo overexpression of VMAT2 did not change segregation of the two vesicular types, suggesting highly regulated mechanisms for maintaining this segregation. The mesoaccumbens axon terminals containing VGluT2-vesicles make asymmetric synapses; commonly associated with excitatory signaling. By optogenetics, we showed release of dopamine and glutamate from mesoaccumbens fibers. These findings reveal a complex type of signaling by mesoaccumbens fibers in which dopamine and glutamate although can be released from the same axons; they are not normally released at the same site or from the same synaptic vesicles. Users may view, print, copy, and download text and data-mine the content in such documents, for the purposes of academic research, subject always to the full Conditions of use:http://www.nature. com/authors/editorial_policies/license.html#terms Correspondence: Marisela Morales. National Institute on Drug Abuse. Intramural Research Program. Neuronal Networks Section. 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224. mmorales@intra.nida. nih.gov. 4Current address: Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China 5Current address: Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 1B1, Canada. A Supplementary Methods checklist is available. AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS M.M. and S.Z. designed the experiments. S.Z. , J.Q. , X.L. , H-L.W. , J.P.B. , and A.F. H. performed experiments. S.Z. , J.Q. , X.L. , HL.W. , J.P.B. , A.F. H. , A.B. , C.R. L. , and M.M. analyzed data. M.M. wrote the paper with the contribution of all co-authors. COMPETING FINANCIAL INTERESTS The authors declare that they do not have any conflicts of interest (financial or otherwise) related to the data presented in this manuscript. HHS Public Access Author manuscript Nat Neurosci. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2015 September 01. Published in final edited form as: Nat Neurosci. 2015 March ; 18(3): 386–392. doi:10.1038/nn.3945. A uhor M anscript
Lessons learned from a Living Lab on broad adoption of eHealth in primary healthcare

Background: Electronic health (eHealth) solutions are considered to relieve current and future pressure on the sustainability of primary health care systems. However, evidence of the effectiveness of eHealth in daily practice is missing. Furthermore, eHealth from other care organizations. In addition, eHealth entrepreneurs valued the collaboration among SMEs as they were not big enough to enter the health care market on their own and valued the collaboration with research institutes. Furthermore, health care insurers and policy makers shared the ambition and need for the development and implementation of an integrated eHealth infrastructure. Conclusions: For optimal and sustainable use of eHealth, patients should be actively involved, primary health care professionals need to be reinforced in their management, entrepreneurs should work closely with health care professionals and patients, and the government needs to focus on new health care models stimulating innovations. Only when all these parties act together, starting in local communities with a small range of eHealth tools, the potential of eHealth will be enforced. (J Med Internet Res 2018;20(3):e83) doi:10.2196/jmir.9110
real-time tests of multiple genome alterations take the first steps into the clinic: a learning example

: Molecular characterization is increasingly changing clinical practice, in both diagnosis and treatment. BRAF is a proto-oncogene that is mutated in ~ 2%–4% of lung cancers, but the incidence rises to 40%–45% among papillary thyroid cancers. Furthermore, BRAF is a promising target in lung cancer treatment. The present case study covers both the chal-lenges of molecular differential diagnosis and the perspectives opened by targeted therapy by discussing the history of a 78-year-old female affected by a papillary histotype carcinoma with BRAF mutation associated with both thyroid and lung localizations. A differential diagnosis was possible as a consequence of a multidisciplinary approach including an in-depth molecular characterization. Based on this molecular feature, the patient was successfully treated with the BRAF inhibitor dabrafenib after the failure of treatment with standard regimen. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first published case of non-small-cell lung cancer with metastasis to thyroid and with BRAF V600E mutation.
Naturally Occurring Antibodies Against Bim Are Decreased in Alzheimer’s Disease and Attenuate Ad-type Pathologies in a Mouse Model

Background Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most popular neurodegenerative disease affecting cognitive functions of the elderly population. Neuronal apoptosis is an important pathological process during the development of AD. The Bcl-2-interacting mediator of cell death (Bim) mediates Amyloid-beta (Aβ)-induced neuronal apoptosis. Naturally occurring antibodies against Bim (NAbs-Bim) exist in human blood, with their levels and functions unknown in AD. Methods This study investigated the clinical relevance of plasma NAbs-Bim to AD in 55 AD patients, 28 patients with non-AD dementia, and 70 cognitively normal subjects. Furthermore, the pathophysiological functions of NAbs-Bim were explored in APP/PS1 mice and SY5Y cell lines overexpressing human amyloid precursor protein (APP). Results We found that plasma levels of NAbs-Bim were lower in AD patients in comparison with patients with non-AD dementia and cognitively normal controls. Plasma levels of NAbs-Bim were negatively associated with brain amyloid burdens and positively associated with cognitive functions. NAbs-Bim purified from intravenous immunoglobulin rescued behavioral deficits of APP/PS1 mice. NAbs-Bim ameliorated Aβ deposition, Tau hyperphosphorylation, microgliosis and neuronal apoptosis in APP/PS1 mice. In vitro investigations demonstrated that NAbs-Bim exerted neuroprotective effects against AD through neutralizing Bim-directed neuronal apoptosis and amyloidogenic processing of amyloid precursor protein. Conclusions The decrease of NAbs-Bim might contribute to the pathogenesis of AD and immunotherapies targeting Bim may hold promise for the treatment of AD.
Treadmill exercise promotes neuroprotection against cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury via downregulation of pro-inflammatory mediators

Background: Stroke is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, which is associated with serious physical deficits that affect daily living and quality of life and produces immense public health and economic burdens. Both clinical and experimental data suggest that early physical training after ischemic brain injury may reduce the extent of motor dysfunction. However, the exact mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of aerobic exercise on neuroprotection and understand the underlying mechanisms. Materials and methods: Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was conducted to establish a rat model of cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury to mimic ischemic stroke. Experimental animals were divided into the following three groups: sham (n = 34), MCAO (n = 39), and MCAO plus treadmill exercise (n = 28). The effects of aerobic exercise intervention on ischemic brain injury were evaluated using functional scoring, histological analysis, and Bio-Plex Protein Assays. Results: Early aerobic exercise intervention was found to improve motor function, prevent death of neuronal cells, and suppress the activation of microglial cells and astrocytes. Fur-thermore, it was observed that aerobic exercise downregulated the expression of the cytokine interleukin-1 β and the chemokine monocyte chemotactic protein-1 after transient MCAO in experimental rats. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that treadmill exercise rehabilitation promotes neuroprotection against cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury via the downregulation of proinflammatory mediators.
Health Savings Accounts: Benefits, Costs, and Potential Effects

A BSTRACT . Health-care costs have been a significant topic in the U.S. in recent decades. Several ideas have been proposed to address rising costs, while still maintaining affordable insurance options for consumers. Consumer-Directed Health Plans have been one of these options, and when coupled with Health-Savings Accounts, these plans have significant potential to curb costs and increase the number of insured consumers. There may, however, be both positive and negative effects. The positive effects will likely outweigh the negative effects, and Consumer-Directed Health Plans, coupled with Health-Savings Accounts, should present a net gain to both consumers and the overall economy.
Ending an Internet Auction: Is eBay's Approach Optimal?

A BSTRACT . Internet auctions can be ended in different ways. EBay auctions, for example, end at a predetermined time while Amazon auctions do not. The auctions at Amazon are extended by ten minutes if a bid is submitted within the last ten minutes of an auction. EBay’s hard closing rule induces bidding strategies that can produce inefficient results. Nevertheless, a hard close ending rule is more efficient than the automatic extension rule used by Amazon. EBay’s hard closing rule can be modified to resemble a Vickrey second-price auction. The modifications would make auctions on eBay more efficient.
Local chromosome context is a major determinant of crossover pathway biochemistry during budding yeast meiosis

Meiotic chromosomes are divided into regions of enrichment and depletion for meiotic chromosome axis proteins, in budding yeast Hop1 and Red1. These proteins are important for formation of Spo11-catalyzed DSB, but their contribution to crossover recombination is 15 undefined. By studying meiotic recombination initiated by the sequence-specific VMA1derived endonuclease (VDE), we show that meiotic chromosome structure helps to determine the biochemical mechanism by which recombination intermediates are resolved to form crossovers. At a Hop1-enriched locus, most VDE-initiated crossovers required the MutLγ resolvase, which forms most Spo11-initiated crossovers. In contrast, at a locus with 20 lower Hop1 occupancy, most VDE-initiated crossovers were MutLγ-independent. In pch2 . CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. It is made available under a The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not . http://dx.doi. org/10.1101/064519 doi: bioRxiv preprint first posted online Jul. 18, 2016;
An Empirical Internet Protocol Network Intrusion Detection using Isolation Forest and One-Class Support Vector Machines

—With the increasing reliance on web-based applications and services, network intrusion detection has become a critical aspect of maintaining the security and integrity of computer networks. This study empirically investigates internet protocol network intrusion detection using two machine learning techniques: Isolation Forest (IF) and One-Class Support Vector Machines (OC-SVM), combined with ANOVA F-test feature selection. This paper presents an empirical study comparing the effectiveness of two machine learning algorithms, Isolation Forest (IF) and One-Class Support Vector Machines (OC-SVM), with ANOVA F-test feature selection in detecting network intrusions using web services. The study used the NSL-KDD dataset, encompassing hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP), simple mail transfer protocol (SMTP), and file transfer protocol (FTP) web services attacks and normal traffic patterns, to comprehensively evaluate the algorithms. The performance of the algorithms is evaluated based on several metrics, such as the F1-score, detection rate (recall), precision, false alarm rate (FAR), and Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (AUCROC) curve. Additionally, the study investigates the impact of different hyper-parameters on the performance of both algorithms. Our empirical results demonstrate that while both IF and OC-SVM exhibit high efficacy in detecting network intrusion attacks using web services of type HTTP, SMTP, and FTP, the One-Class Support Vector Machines outperform the Isolation Forest in terms of F1-score (SMTP), detection rate(HTTP, SMTP, and FTP), AUCROC, and a consistent low false alarm rate (HTTP). We used the t-test to determine that OCSVM statistically outperforms IF on DR and FAR.
Homomorphic Encryption — Theory and Application

The demand for privacy of digital data and of algorithms for handling more complex structures have increased exponentially over the last decade. This goes in parallel with the growth in communication networks and their devices and their increasing capabilities. At the same time, these devices and networks are subject to a great variety of attacks involving manipulation and destruction of data and theft of sensitive information. For storing and accessing data securely, current technology provides several methods of guaranteeing privacy such as data encryption and usage of tamper-resistant hardwares. However, the critical problem arises when there is a requirement for computing (publicly) with private data or to modify functions or algorithms in such a way that they are still executable while their privacy is ensured. This is where homomorphic cryptosystems can be used since these systems enable computations with encrypted data.
Minimum jerk trajectory control for rehabilitation and haptic applications

Smooth trajectories are essential for safe interaction in between human and a haptic interface. Different methods and strategies have been introduced to create such smooth trajectories. This paper studies the creation of human-like movements in haptic interfaces, based on the study of human arm motion. These motions are intended to retrain the upper limb movements of patients that lose manipulation functions following stroke. We present a model that uses higher degree polynomials to define a trajectory and control the robot arm to achieve minimum jerk movements. It also studies different methods that can be driven from polynomials to create more realistic human-like movements for therapeutic purposes.
synchronization within, and interactions between, the default mode and dorsal attention networks in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis

Background and purpose: The effects of the interactions between the default mode network (DMN) and the dorsal attention network (DAN), which present anticorrelated behaviors, in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) are poorly understood. This study used resting-state functional connectivity (FC) and the Granger causality test (GCT) to examine changes in the undirected and effective functional network connectivity (FNC) between the two networks during the remitting phase in RRMS patients. Patients and methods: Thirty-three patients experiencing a clinically diagnosed remitting phase of RRMS and 33 well-matched healthy control subjects participated in this study. First, an independent component (IC) analysis was performed to preprocess the functional magnetic resonance imaging data and select resting-state networks. Then, an FNC analysis and the GCT were combined to examine the temporal correlations between the ICs of the DMN and DAN and to identify correlations with clinical markers. Results: Compared with the healthy subjects, the RRMS patients in the remitting phase showed the following: 1) significantly decreased FC within the DAN in the postcentral gyrus and decreased FC within the DMN in several regions except the parahippocampal gyrus, where increased FC was observed; 2) a relatively stable interaction between the two anticorrelated networks as well as a driving connectivity from the DAN to DMN (IC15); and 3) significantly positive correlations between the connectivity coefficient of the right superior temporal gyrus and the Modified Fatigue Impact Scale score ( ρ = 0.379, p = 0.036). Conclusion: Adaptive mechanisms that maintain stable interactions might occur between the DMN and DAN during the remitting phase in RRMS patients.
SÍNDROME DE SECRECIÓN INADECUADA DE HORMONA ANTIDIURÉTICA INDUCIDO POR CARBAMAZEPINA: PRESENTACIÓN DE UN CASO CARBAMAZEPINE-INDUCED SÍNDROME OF INAPPROPRIATE SECRETION OF ANTIDIURETIC HORMONE: WAN CASE PRESENTATION

The inadequate vasopressin secretion syndrome it’s a frequent cause of hyponatremia; we have descriptions of alterations in Central Nervous system, hypotiroidism, adrenal insufficiency, neoplasms, neumologic diseases, general anesthesia and many psychoactive drugs. We describe a case of a masculine patient with diagnosed of trigeminal neuralgia, who presents hyponatremia secondary to SIADH, as an adverse reaction of the treatment with Carbamazepine.
[Development of an Instrument to Assess the Nursing Professional Pride].

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to develop an instrument to assess nursing professional pride. METHODS Fifty-six preliminary items were identified through literature review and focus group interview of nurses working in a hospital. Of these, 45 preliminary instruments were completed over 0.80 of content validity index. To verify the reliability and validity of the preliminary instrument, data were collected from 294 nurses. The data were analyzed using factor analysis and multidimensional scaling analysis. RESULTS From the factor analysis, 27 significant items were divided into 5 subscales. These subscales were as follows: feeling of vocation, role satisfaction, role of problem solver, self-achievement, and willingness to stay. The nursing professional pride also established criterion-related validity, discriminant validity, and group validity. Cronbach's a of the instrument was . 92, and the subscales ranged from . 74 to . 85. CONCLUSION The developed scale for nursing professional pride shows validity and reliability. The significance of this study is the development of an instrument capable of measuring nursing professional pride. To verify the relevance of this instrument, conducting comparative studies is suggested.
reduction in bacterial load using hypochlorous acid hygiene solution on ocular skin

Purpose: To examine the magnitude of bacterial load reduction on the surface of the periocular skin 20 minutes after application of a saline hygiene solution containing 0.01% pure hypochlorous acid (HOCl). Methods: Microbiological specimens were collected immediately prior to applying the hygiene solution and again 20 minutes later. Total microbial colonies were counted and each unique colony morphology was processed to identify the bacterial species and to determine the susceptibility profile to 15 selected antibiotics. Results: Specimens were analyzed from the skin samples of 71 eyes from 36 patients. Prior to treatment, 194 unique bacterial isolates belonging to 33 different species were recovered. Twenty minutes after treatment, 138 unique bacterial isolates belonging to 26 different species were identified. Staphylococci accounted for 61% of all strains recovered and Staphylococcus epidermidis strains comprised 60% of the staphylococcal strains. No substantial differences in the distribution of Gram-positive, Gram-negative, or anaerobic species were noted before and after treatment. The quantitative data demonstrated a . 99% reduction in the staphylococcal load on the surface of the skin 20 minutes following application of the hygiene solution. The total S. epidermidis colony-forming units were reduced by 99.5%. The HOCl hygiene solution removed staphylococcal isolates that were resistant to multiple antibiotics equally well as those isolates that were susceptible to antibiotics. Conclusion: The application of a saline hygiene solution preserved with pure HOCl acid reduced the bacterial load significantly without altering the diversity of bacterial species remaining on the skin under the lower eyelid. , Key topics include: Optometry; Visual science; Pharmacology and drug therapy in eye diseases; Basic Sciences; Primary and Secondary eye care; Patient Safety and Quality of Care Improvements.
Self-sorting of nonmuscle myosins IIA and IIB polarizes the cytoskeleton and modulates cell motility

such cooperation exists and how it may work remain unknown. We show that copolymerization of NMI IA and NMI IB followed by their differential turnover leads to self-sorting of NMI IA and NMI IB along the front–rear axis, thus producing a polarized actin–NMII cytoskeleton. Stress fibers newly formed near the leading edge are enriched in NMI IA, but over time, they become progressively enriched with NMI IB because of faster NMI IA turnover. In combination with retrograde flow, this process results in posterior accumulation of more stable NMI IB-rich stress fibers, thus strengthening cell polarity. By copolymerizing with NMI IB, NMI IA accelerates the intrinsically slow NMI IB dynamics, thus increasing cell motility and traction and enabling chemotaxis.