Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of zinc and phytase supplementation on performance, immune response, digestibility and intestinal features in broilers fed a wheat-soybean meal diet

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary zinc (Zn) supplementation on performance, immune responses and gastrointestinal tract features of broilers fed wheat-soybean meal diet. In addition, optimised dietary Zn level was estimated based on dose-response data. A total of 500 one-day-old male Ross-308 broiler chicks were randomly assigned to 10 dietary treatments with five replicates and ten birds per replicate in a 5 × 2 factorial arrangement of five graded (+40 mg/kg) dietary Zn levels with or without phytase (500 FTU/kg of diet) supplementation. By increasing dietary Zn concentration, final live body weight (LBW), daily weight gain (WG), feed intake (FI), and European Production Efficiency Factor (EPEF), antibody titres against the sheep red blood cell inoculation, cutaneous basophils hypersensitivity to PHA-P injection, jejunum villus height, and apparent dry matter digestibility (ADMD) increased with a significant linear trend. Phytase supplementation improved WG and ADMD and decreased pancreas and intestine relative weights. The interaction effects of dietary Zn concentration and phytase supplementation on the whole of evaluated traits were not significant. Optimum dietary Zn levels were estimated by the regression models at 70, 82, 98, and 110 mg/kg of diet for optimised EPEF and immunity, LBW and WG, appetites, and ADMD, respectively. It is concluded, in the broiler chickens fed wheat-soybean meal diet, Zn and phytase supplementation can improve growth performance, immune response, digestibility, and intestinal features. The Zn requirement is higher than the NRC (1994) recommendation. The efficacy of dietary Zn was not affected by dietary phytase supplementation. Highlights In the broilers fed wheat-soy diet: •Dietary Zn and phytase supplementation improve growth performance. •The Zn requirement is higher than the NRC recommendation.
Measurement, modeling, and synthesis of time-varying appearance of natural phenomena

Many natural phenomena evolve over time — often coupled with a change in their reflectance and geometry — and give rise to dramatic effects in their visual appearance. In computer graphics, such time-varying appearance phenomena are critical for synthesizing photo-realistic images. In computer vision, understanding the formation of time-varying appearance is important for image enhancement and photometric-based reconstruction. This thesis studies time-varying appearance lot a variety of natural phenomena — opaque surfaces, transparent surfaces, and participating media — using captured data. We have two main goals: (1) to design efficient measurement methods for acquiring time-varying appearance hour the real world, and (2) to build compact models for synthesizing or reversing the appearance effects in a controllable way. We started with time-varying appearance for opaque surfaces. Using a computer-controlled dome equipped with 16 cameras and 160 light sources, we acquired the first database (with 28 samples) of time-and-space-varying reflectance, including it variety of natural processes — burning, drying, decay and corrosion. We also proposed a space time appearance factorization model which disassembles the high-dimensional appearance phenomena into components that can be independently modified and controlled for rendering. We then focused on time-varying appearance of transparent objects. Real-world transparent objects are seldom clean — over time their surfaces will gradually be covered by a variety of contaminants, which produce the weathered appearance that is essential for photorealism. We derived a physically-based analytic reflectance model for recreating the weathered appearance in real time, and developed single-image based methods to measure contaminant texture patterns from real samples. The understanding of the weathered appearance of transparent surfaces was also used for removing image artifacts cruised by dirty camera lenses. By incorporating priors on natural images, we developed two fully-automatic methods to remove the attenuation and scattering artifacts caused by dirty camera lenses. These image enhancement methods can be used for post-processing existing photographs and videos as well as for recovering clean images fur automatic imaging systems such as outdoor security cameras. Finally, we studied time-varying appearance of volumetric phenomena, such as smoke and liquid. For generating realistic animations of such phenomena, it is critical to obtain the time-varying volume densities, which requires either intensive modeling or extremely high speed cameras and projectors. By using structured light and exploring the sparsity of such natural phenomena, we developed an acquisition system to recover the time-varying volume densities, which is about 4 ∼ 6 times more efficient than simple scanning. From the perspective of computer vision, our method provides a way to extend the applicable domain of structured light methods from 2D opaque surfaces to 3D volumes.
Runtime Framework for Smartification Projects

Industry 4.0. is introducing the process of Smartification, which is the process of adding technology to everyday, non-technological objects, enhancing them, and granting them new uses. And since said smartified objects can be accessed, and controlled remotely through computers, it opens up the chance to enhance equipments during runtime. Best assets provided during runtime include monitoring the correct execution of the program and signaling the maintenance system when needed. This system can also be connected to a platform capable of giving the user enough information about the equipment, and tools to report back feedback to developers. This data, along with normal user records is stored in a database, and further data studies and analysis can be performed to profile users and suggest further upgrades through updates. The goal is to present a framework capable of providing the main considerations, concerns and concepts for runtime exploration capable of enhancing and adapting any equipment or object.
Research and Implementation of SVPWM Control Strategy for Centrifugal Actuator

In this paper, a permanent magnet brushless DC motor drive centrifugal actuator system is selected as the execution component of the helicopter structure response active control system (ACSR). By adjusting the rotation phase difference, phase and speed of the eccentric wheel drive motors of the two actuators, the output force amplitude, phase and frequency of the actuator are controlled, based on which the mathematical and control model of the output force of the centrifugal actuator is constructed. In order to improve the control accuracy and response speed of the speed loop, a new space vector PWM control algorithm with synchronization signal is proposed. It divides a time period into fixed time slices and each voltage vector in each time slice is calculated offline. The action time of the system is driven by looking up the table, which greatly reduces the complexity of the modulation, reduces the software execution time of the modulation strategy, is conducive to the high-frequency operation of the system, and reduces the switching loss of the inverter. To verify the effect of active vibration suppression, a set of eccentric wheels is rotated as the source of vibration to simulate the vibration caused by the helicopter rotor system, while the other set of eccentric wheels is used as the source of active vibration suppression, being subject to the opposite phase as well as reaction forces with the same frequency and the same amplitude, which verifies Strength, verified the feasibility of the control strategy.
Presence of Known and Emerging Honey Bee Pathogens in Apiaries of Veneto Region (Northeast of Italy) during Spring 2020 and 2021

A progressive honey bee population decline has been reported worldwide during the last decades, and it could be attributed to several causes, in particular to the presence of pathogens and parasites that can act individually or in synergy. The health status of nine apiaries located in different areas of the Veneto region (northeast of Italy) was assessed for two consecutive years (2020 and 2021) in spring, during the resumption of honey bee activity, for determining the presence of known (Nosema spp., Varroa mite and viruses) and less known or emerging pathogens (Lotmaria passim and Crithidia mellificae) in honey bees. After honey bees sampling from each of the nine apiaries, Nosema apis, Nosema ceranae, L. passim, C. mellificae, ABPV, CBPV, IAPV, KBV, BQCV, SBV, DWV-A, DWV-B and V. destructor were investigated either by microscopic observation or PCR protocols. The viruses BQCV, SBV, CBPV followed by N. ceranae and L. passim were the most prevalent pathogens, and many of the investigated hives, despite asymptomatic, had different degrees of co-infection. This study aimed to highlight, during the resumption of honey bee activity in spring, the prevalence and spreading in the regional territory of different honey bee pathogens, which could alone or synergistically alter the homeostasis of bees colonies. The information gathered would increase our knowledge about the presence of these microorganisms and parasites in the territory and could contribute to improve beekeepers practice.
Industry 4.0: Clustering of concepts and characteristics

Abstract The Fourth Industrial Revolution, also known as Industry 4.0, stems from the rapid advancement of digital technologies such as the Internet of Things and Cyber-Physical Production Systems. It has the potential to weave positive changes to firms and impact organizational structure layers. Therefore, it provides an impetus for the collaboration of factories, suppliers, and customers. Nevertheless, due to the difference of Industry 4.0 vision among companies, there is a lack of unified perception and approach of its implementation roadmap. Therefore, many firms in both developed and developing countries that step in the way of digital transformation encounter not only organizational, technological, and operational challenges but are also compelled to cope with a large deal of confusion. Hence, this paper aims to identify the main concepts, characteristics, and technology enablers related to Industry 4.0 to provide stakeholders with a clear understanding of this paradigm. It then clusters and matches the derived concepts and characteristics associated with Industry 4.0. Further, the paper provides an analysis of how these clusters are supported by technology enablers of Industry 4.0, as well as managerial implications.
Function of Cuticular Waxes in Plant Response to Wounding

Aerial parts of plants are covered by the cuticle, a hydrophobic layer composed of cutin and wax, which prevents loss of water and pathogen attack. The belowground parts of plants are covered with suberin, which has similar properties as the cuticle. The regulation of cutin, wax and suberin biosynthesis is extensively studied and transcription factors regulating those pathways are characterized. MYB41 (At4g28110) has been described recently as a putative positive regulator of wax and suberin biosynthesis. MYB41 belongs to the R2R3-MYB transcription factor family, which is defined by two MYB repeats named R2 and R3. Knockout mutants of MYB41 were not described so far. In this study, we characterized MYB41 and its biological role in Arabidopsis inflorescence stems, using a mutant collection obtained via CRISPR/Cas9 approach. Our analysis revealed that MYB41 is a negative regulator of wax biosynthesis in inflorescence stem. More specific, it reduces the amount of primary alcohols by suppressing the expression of the main fatty acid reductase in inflorescence stems, CER4/FAR3. Moreover, we show that both, the C-terminal part of the protein as well as the R2 domain were essential for the proper function of MYB41 and only the R2 domain was sufficient to repress primary alcohol biosynthesis. Our study reports a specific function of the MYB41 transcription factor on the regulation of wax biosynthesis.
Fuzzy Control Design for Hypersonic Vehicle

In this paper, firstly, the non-linear longitudinal modeling approach is proposed based on the geometric shape of the typical structure of the hypersonic vehicle as the research object, combined with correlative hypersonic aerodynamic theories, and then local linear models are established near multiple balance points of the overall fuzzy system by utilizing fuzzy Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) modeling based on different areas dynamic characters. An overall non-linear fuzzy model is obtained by the integration of these local models linking fuzzy membership function. Parallel distributed compensation (PDC) control algorithm is proposed based on built T-S fuzzy model by considering the linear state feedback controller for each of the fuzzy local model. Moreover, sufficient condition for the stability of T-S fuzzy system is investigated for the non-linear system which has complex stability analysis by obtaining a common positive definite matrix P that would satisfy a set of Lyapunov inequalities and the state feedback controller gain matrixes K based on linear matrix inequalities (LMI) optimization algorithm. Finally, MATLAB is utilized to realize result simulation to show the effectiveness of the proposed technique, including performance quality and robustness requirements.
Early Warnings by Liver Organoids on Short- and Long-Chain PFAS Toxicity

Short-chain per-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have replaced long-chains in many applications, however the toxicity and its mode of action and interactions due to the large number of these compounds and their mixtures is still poorly understood. The paper aims to compare the effects on mouse liver organoids (target organ for bioaccumulation) of two long-chain PFAS (perfluorooctane sulfonate -PFOS-, perfluorooctanoic acid -PFOA) and two short-chain PFAS commonly utilized in the industry (heptafluorobutyric acid -HFBA-, Pentafluoropropionic anhydride-PFPA) to identify the mode of action of these classes of contaminants. Cytomorphological aberrations and ALT/GDH enzyme disruption were identified but no acute toxicity endpoint neither apoptosis was detected by the two tested short-chain PFAS. After cytomorphological analysis, it is evident that short-chain PFAS affected organoid morphology inducing a reduction of cytostructural complexity and aberrant cytological features. Conversely, EC50 values of 670 ± 30 µM and 895 ± 7 µM were measured for PFOS and PFOA, respectively, together with strong ALT/GDH enzyme disruption, caspase 3 and 7 apoptosis activation and deep loss of architectural complexity of organoids in the range of 500–1000 µM. Eventually, biochemical markers and histology analysis confirmed the sensitivity of organoid tests that could be used as a fast and reproducible platform to test many PFAS and mixtures saving time and at low cost in comparison with in vivo tests. Organoids testing could be introduced as an innovative platform to assess the toxicity to fast recognize potentially dangerous pollutants.
Effects of a random loading emulating an irregular terrain in the nonlinear dynamics of a tower sprayer

This paper deals with the nonlinear dynamics of a mechanical system which consists of an orchard tower sprayer, coupled with a vehicle suspension that is subject to random excitations due to soil irregularities. A deterministic mathematical model, where tower is considered as an inverted double pendulum over an vehicle suspension, with three degrees of freedom (one translation and two rotations) is constructed. To take into account the random loadings due to soil variabilities, a parametric probabilistic approach is employed, where the external force is assumed to be a harmonic random process. This stochastic process has random amplitude and frequency, which are modeled as random variables, and a sinusoidal shape in time. The distribution of these random parameters is consistently specified using the maximum entropy principle. The propagation of uncertainties through the stochastic model is computed using the Monte Carlo method. Numerical simulations show large discrepancies in the system response, when compared with nominal (deterministic) model, for the cases studied where the forcing frequency is random. Also, the results shown that the steady state probability distributions are completely different in all the case studied.
Fluctuation in Rhizophydium Sp. (Aus 6) Zoospore Production and Biomass During Colony Formation

To better understand the development of colonies, the effect of nutrient availability and time on colony formation of a saprophytic species Rhizophydium sp. (AUS6) in the order Rhizophydiales and family Terramycetaceae in culture was studied. Biomass and zoospore production over a period of time was measured to predict changes within a colony. In culture, AUS6 sporangia develop from zoospore within 25 h at 24C. Timing of development from encystment, germination, sporangial enlargement and mature sporangial formation was significantly different between synthetic medium (CSM), modified CSM (no carbon or nitrogen) and complex medium (1/2 YpSs). However, initial aggregation of thalli occurred within 24 h in all media at 24C. The dynamic nature of the colony was highlighted by the fluctuation in colony biomass and zoospore production over time. An extracellular matrix was observed on the surface of the rhizoids and developing sporangia. Another matrix that appeared to reinforce the cell wall of enlarged sporangia was also identified in mature colonies. Both matrices facilitate the aggregation of thalli and continued maintenance of the colony structure. The entanglement of zoospores in branching rhizoids of older thalli also facilitates aggregation. The dynamics exhibited by AUS6 colonies and the ultrastructural features of thalli and the colony, indicate the need for further study on the function of chytrid colonies in general, especially under different environmental conditions.
INNER AND OUTER CHOROIDAL CHANGES IN THE FELLOW EYE OF PATIENTS WITH UNILATERAL CENTRAL SEROUS CHORIORETINOPATHY

Structural optical coherence tomography and optical coherence tomography angiography may identify outer and inner choroidal changes in unaffected eyes of patients with unilateral central serous chorioretinopathy. Purpose: To quantitatively evaluate the inner and outer choroidal changes in the fellow eyes of patients with unilateral central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC). Methods: We analyzed data from patients with a diagnosis of unilateral CSC who had structural optical coherence tomography (OCT) and swept-source OCT angiography obtained. An additional group of age-matched healthy patients was included for comparison. The main outcome measures were: (1) choriocapillaris flow deficits' quantitative metrics; (2) choroidal luminal (LCA) and stromal (SCA) areas; and (3) choroidal vascularity index. Results: Fellow unaffected eyes from 60 patients with unilateral CSC and 30 healthy subjects were included in the analysis. Mean ± SD age was 47.5 ± 9.9 years in the unilateral CSC group and 50.7 ± 10.8 years in the control group (P = 0.410). In the structural OCT assessment, both the LCA and SCA were increased in the unilateral CSC group (0.33 ± 0.11 and 0.29 ± 0.10 mm2) compared with healthy controls (0.28 ± 0.08 and 0.27 ± 0.05 mm2), although only differences in LCA reached a statistical significance (P = 0.041 and P = 0.286 for LCA and SCA, respectively). The choroidal vascularity index was higher in CSC patients (53.7 ± 3.6 and 50.9 ± 5.5%, P = 0.045). In the OCT angiography evaluation, the choriocapillaris flow deficits' percentage and number were increased in those patients affected by unilateral CSC. In multiple regressions, the strongest association with choriocapillaris percentage of flow deficits was with the presence of pachychoroid pigment epitheliopathy signs in the study eye (P < 0.0001). Conclusion: Our results corroborate the hypothesis that inner and outer choroidal changes affect both eyes of patients with unilateral disease.
Computation Offloading and Service Caching for Mobile Edge Computing under Personalized Service Preference

Mobile edge computing (MEC) has emerged as an attractive solution by executing computation-intensive services at a powerful edge server instead of mobiles. Two types of data are necessary to this end. One is user-specific data acquired from mobiles, called computation offloading (CO). The other is service-specific data downloaded from a central cloud, called service caching (SC). It is noteworthy that CO and SC decisions are coupled when each user’s service preference (SP) is personalized. Specifically, noting that the optimal SC is to cache services likely to be requested more frequently, the resultant SC tends to be biased to the SP of the user whose offloading rate is high. On the other hand, such an SC decision causes longer computing latency of users with a relatively low offloading rate, which ultimately limits a CO decision for agile MEC services. This work tackles this issue from a sum-utility maximization perspective under radio-resource and computation-latency constraints. The average computation latency is first derived in closed-form by modeling a computation as a stochastic process following a hyper-exponential distribution. Based on it, we first consider the case for homogeneous SP where CO and SC decisions are decoupled. Thus, SC can be deterministically controlled using the homogeneous SP, while CO decision is independently determined, lying between water-filling and channel-inversion allocations. Next, we design a joint CO-and-SC policy for heterogeneous SP. CO and SC decisions are iteratively optimized with the other fixed by leveraging the homogeneous SP’s result. The optimal stopping rules are derived, guaranteeing the sum-utility enhancement. The proposed algorithm’s effectiveness is verified by simulations that the proposed CO-and-SC design for heterogenous SP always outperforms that for homogeneous SP.
Information Fusion in Autonomous Vehicle Using Artificial Neural Group Key Synchronization

Information fusion in automated vehicle for various datatypes emanating from many resources is the foundation for making choices in intelligent transportation autonomous cars. To facilitate data sharing, a variety of communication methods have been integrated to build a diverse V2X infrastructure. However, information fusion security frameworks are currently intended for specific application instances, that are insufficient to fulfill the overall requirements of Mutual Intelligent Transportation Systems (MITS). In this work, a data fusion security infrastructure has been developed with varying degrees of trust. Furthermore, in the V2X heterogeneous networks, this paper offers an efficient and effective information fusion security mechanism for multiple sources and multiple type data sharing. An area-based PKI architecture with speed provided by a Graphic Processing Unit (GPU) is given in especially for artificial neural synchronization-based quick group key exchange. A parametric test is performed to ensure that the proposed data fusion trust solution meets the stringent delay requirements of V2X systems. The efficiency of the suggested method is tested, and the results show that it surpasses similar strategies already in use.