Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Title Forgotten Grievers : An Exploration of the Grief Experiences ofBereaved Grandparents

Current knowledge about bereavement is derived from experiences of spouses, parents or children. A paucity of studies exists regarding grief of grandparents. The aims of this Irish national study were to identify and describe the bereavement experience of grandparents following the death of their grandchild and to explore their needs and supports throughout this experience. A qualitative exploratory descriptive design was employed. Upon receipt of ethical approval, a multi-pronged sampling strategy was employed. Seventeen persons participated in in-dept interviews. Data was subjected to thematic field analysis through NVIVO. Previous literature noted that grandparents experience ‘double pain’, meaning that they concurrently experience feelings of loss for their grandchild in addition to observing the pain of their own adult child’s grief (Gerner, 1990; Reed, 2000). However, our findings revealed that grandparents experience ‘cumulative pain’ i.e. in addition to ‘double pain’; they also experience pain from other sources. This study found that the resolution of this pain can be either ‘inhibited’ or ‘facilitated’ by many factors that occur before, at the time of or following the death. There is a need for bereaved grandparents to be recognized, acknowledged and supported by healthcare professionals and society in general.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Assessment of aflatoxins in peanuts grown in the Pothohar area of Pakistan

Statement of Retraction The following article has been retracted from publication in the Taylor & Francis journal, Food Additives & Contaminants: Part B: M. Abbas, M. R. Asi, F. Anwar, T. Mahmood, A. M. Khan and T. Yaqub, Assessment of aflatoxins in peanuts grown in the Pothohar area of Pakistan, Food Additives & Contaminants: Part B, http://www.tandfonline. com/doi/full/10.1080/19393210.2013. 820221. Version of record published online 26th July 2013. The Editor of Food Additives & Contaminants: Part B and Taylor & Francis note that the policy of the journal is to consider only original material, and authors are required to make a warranty to the effect that articles are not under consideration for publication by any other journal. The article was published in good faith. Subsequently, it has become known that a similar article was submitted to and published in World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, Volume 69 (2012). As this is contrary to our stated policy, the article is hereby retracted and should not be cited. It is Taylor & Francis policy that the Food Additives & Contaminants: Part B article be kept online, but also stating that the paper has been retracted, together with a link to this Retraction to ensure the integrity of the scientific record.
Glacial ventilation rates for the deep Pacific Ocean

[1] A key constraint in attempts to reconstruct the patterns and rates of the ocean's thermohaline circulation during the last glacial period is the difference between the 14C to C ratio in surface and deep water. While imperfect, it is our best index of past deep-sea ventilation rates. In this paper we review published ventilation rate estimates based on the measured radiocarbon age difference between coexisting benthic and planktic foraminifera from glacial-age Pacific sediments. We also present new results from a series of eastern equatorial Pacific sediment cores. The conclusion is that the scatter in these results is so large that the apparent 14C age of glacial deep Pacific water could lie anywhere between double and half today's. Further, it is not clear what is responsible for the wide scatter in the radiocarbon results.
The Holocene-Younger Dryas Transition Recorded at Summit, Greenland

Analysis of ice from Dye-3, Greenland, has demonstrated that the transition between the Younger Dryas and Holocene climate periods occurred over a 40-year period. A near annually resolved, multiparameter record of the transition recorded in the GISP2 core from Summit, Greenland, shows that most of the transition occurred in a series of steps with durations of about 5 years. Some climate proxies associated with mid-latitude sources appear to have changed about 15 years before climate proxies associated with more northern regions. Changes in atmospheric water vapor are likely to have played a large role in the climate transition.
Springtime Soil Moisture, Natural Climatic Variability, and North American Drought as Simulated by the NCAR Community Climate Model 1

Abstract Previous results concerning the role that summertime soil moisture reductions can play in amplifying or maintaining North American droughts are extended to include the role of springtime soil moisture reductions and the role that natural climatic variability, as expressed in soil moisture can play. General circulation model (GCM) simulations with the NCAR Community Climate Model have been made with initial desert-like soil moisture anomalies imposed on 1 May and on 1 March. The May simulation maintained the imposed anomaly throughout the summer, while in the March simulation the anomaly was ameliorated within one month. Thus, the timing of soil moisture reductions may be crucial. A 10-year model control) integration with prescribed sea surface temperatures yielded 1 year with late spring and summer soil moisture values similar to those of the 1 May anomaly simulation. This suggests that occasional widespread North American droughts may be an inherent feature of at 1east the GCM employed for this .
Polyphase Deformation in Phanerozoic Rocks of the Central Himalayan Gneiss, Northwest India

Multiple deformation in gneisses and schists of the Chandra Valley, Himachal Pradesh, can be divided into three phases of folding. The earliest recognizable deformation, D₁, is characterized by isoclinal folds, F₁, with a strong axial-surface foliation, S₁, containing a mineral lineation, L₁, which may lie in the kinematic a direction. The F₂ folds deform S₁ and L₁, and vary from open to very tight structures with rounded hinges, crenulation lineations, and a weak axial-surface crenulation cleavage. The consistent sense of asymmetry of F₂ folds southwest of the central crystalline axis indicates strong overthrusting from northeast. The third phase of deformation, D₃, produced the regional broad antiforms and synforms which plunge 5° NW. Calc-schistsnear Tandi contain marine fossils of Jurassic age. These calc-schists are deformed by the three deformations recognized in the gneisses, and are thus part of the central crystalline zone. The fossiliferous Spiti section is a para-autochthon tectonically overlying the central gneiss. Field relations suggest that the metamorphites formed during the Tertiary, and that the central gneiss occupies the root zone of the extensive crystalline thrusts and nappes of the Lesser Himalaya.
The Impact Of Regionalism On Regional Development Under The Conditions Of A Globalized Economy

The aim of this article is to explain the difference between regionalism and regional development concepts that are often used interchangeably, to investigate the fundamental aspects of two phenomena: regionalism in the sense of “new regionalism” and in the sense of “regional development” at the background of the globalized economy; to check a hypothesis that these two phenomena may be linked together and to study the impact of regionalism on regional integration. The article deepens the concept of “regional development. ” At the same time, peculiarities of the current stage of the world economy development under the conditions of globalization are considered. The paper is theoretical (verbal) rather than statistical analysis of the nature, diversity and fundamental aspects of regionalism and regional development in general. The article deals with the impact of regionalism on the location of production, and the growth of competition and market expansion systematizes the main effects of regionalism on market expansion and the location of production.
Determination of two‐dimensional laboratory‐scale dispersivities

A tracer test was conducted in a laboratory chamber representing a two‐dimensional aquifer to investigate the longitudinal dispersivity (αL) and the ratio (αT/αL) of transverse to longitudinal dispersivity of sandy aquifer materials. Dispersive parameters were obtained by matching the observed chloride plumes at 9 hours and 16 hours after tracer injection with those simulated by a flow and transport model. The best match was found for αL = 0·2 − 0·25 cm and αT/αL = 0·2. The ratio of αT/αL = 0·2 was within the range of laboratory values reported in the literature. Sensitivity analysis revealed that the tracer plume concentration and shape were more sensitive to variations in longitudinal dispersivity than to the ratio of transverse to longitudinal dispersivity. This result contrasted with findings of others, showing that the dispersivity ratio greatly affects contaminant plume shape. However, our experimental boundary conditions restricted expansion of the plume normal to the direction of flow and thus affected the parameter estimation. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Emotional Driver A Study of the Driving Experience and the Road Context

In modern societies the activity of driving has become almost an essential routine. Vehicles are considered by many as indispensable tools for accomplishing their daily tasks and they are the main form of transportation for millions of people. The average driver spends, voluntarily, considerable amounts of time on the road, using their vehicle to transport himself even for small distances and knowing that its use presents him with some form of comfort and convenience; yet, drivers frequently regard their road experience as tiring and fastidious, but their persistence in using their vehicle at every opportunity serves as proof of a pleasurable experience. So far car manufacturers, traffic authorities and designers of technology have been mainly concerned with aspects of the road that ensure drivers safety, increase power engine, provide more comfort, and maintain better streets, etc; however, the actual feelings of the driver as he travels through the streets has not yet been taken into a great account by the developers of the road environment. For this reason this thesis tries to create awareness on the existence and constant presence of people’s emotions as they drive, which have the mutual power to influence their action on the road and their driving patterns. In order to capture a drivers’ emotional experience this study uses three main methods. One of them is Cultural Probes, consisting of common objects specifically Postcards, Pictures, and Web-logs, to measure unknown factors about the users. The second is the use of Ethnographic studies on the driving activities through the use of observations, the popular talk-aloud-protocol and the shadow method. Finally, the Experience Sampling Method is used, which tries to captures the experience of an individual as it unfolds in its natural context. With the combined used of these three methods some of the main factors of the road’s environment that are commonly able to influence the driver’s emotions in negative or positive ways were discovered, which include the intensity and type of light, the different types and sources of sound, the perceivable landscapes and surrounding architectures and the different kinds of continuously occurring interactions. These are just some of the many factors that can influence emotions on the road, and hopefully this study will open the curiosity for a deeper study of these and other aspects of the emotional driving experience.
Applications of data mining algorithms to analysis of medical data.

Medical datasets have reached enormous capacities. This data may contain valuable information that awaits extraction. The knowledge may be encapsulated in various patterns and regularities that may be hidden in the data. Such knowledge may prove to be priceless in future medical decision making. The data which is analyzed comes from the Polish National Breast Cancer Prevention Program ran in Poland in 2006. The aim of this master's thesis is the evaluation of the analytical data from the Program to see if the domain can be a subject to data mining. The next step is to evaluate several data mining methods with respect to their applicability to the given data. This is to show which of the techniques are particularly usable for the given dataset. Finally, the research aims at extracting some tangible medical knowledge from the set. The research utilizes a data warehouse to store the data. The data is assessed via the ETL process. The performance of the data mining models is measured with the use of the lift charts and confusion (classification) matrices. The medical knowledge is extracted based on the indications of the majority of the models. The experiments are conducted in the Microsoft SQL Server 2005. The results of the analyses have shown that the Program did not deliver good-quality data. A lot of missing values and various discrepancies make it especially difficult to build good models and draw any medical conclusions. It is very hard to unequivocally decide which is particularly suitable for the given data. It is advisable to test a set of methods prior to their application in real systems. The data mining models were not unanimous about patterns in the data. Thus the medical knowledge is not certain and requires verification from the medical people. However, most of the models strongly associated patient's age, tissue type, hormonal therapies and disease in family with the malignancy of cancers. The next step of the research is to present the findings to the medical people for verification. In the future the outcomes may constitute a good background for development of a Medical Decision Support System.
Integrating actions of perception to the electric field approach

The Electric Field Approach, EFA, is a heuristic for behavior selection for autonomous robot control. This thesis deals with the problem of using the EFA as a heuristics for the perceptive behaviors. The integration is done by extending the EFA with having three electric fields and each having its own probes and charges. The extended EFA was tested in the RoboCup domain.
Laboratory-controlled simulations of dinosaur footprints in sand: A key to understanding vertebrate track formation and preservation

Abstract Dinosaur tracks and trackways yield invaluable information as to the identity, size, and gait of the trackmaker and the conditions of the media (=substrate) it traversed. Correctly interpreting tracks requires consideration of their three-dimensional morphology. Laboratory-controlled simulations were conducted to investigate the subsurface track morphology formed from differently shaped feet, as the shape of the footprint deteriorates with depth. A circular, triangular, and a tridactyl dinosaur foot-shaped template, or indenter, were indented vertically into two types of sand, with four moisture contents—dry, 10%, 20%, and saturated. The morphology of all three indenters was preserved most accurately in the moist sand. Tracks in dry and saturated sand were distorted by a greater degree of media deformation. Digit imprints of tridactyl tracks were only clearly discernible in near-surface layers and were deformed by shear zones or inward movement of sediment in dry and saturated sand. The long digits of the template produced the greatest degree of outward displacement, and tracks became wider with depth and deepest in the heel region. This was most distinct in dry sand, where extensive shear zones in cross section demonstrated the outward and upward movement of sediment. All tracks in saturated sand were characterized by considerable downward displacement of sediment and features related to the upward pull of sediment as the templates were withdrawn. These diagnostic features allow vertebrate tracks to be differentiated from nonbiogenic, soft-sediment deformation. Fossil tracks studied from the Middle Jurassic succession of the Cleveland Basin, Yorkshire, demonstrate affinities to the experimental tracks formed in saturated sand.
The quest for the regional city : new identities and institutional conditions in a context of metropolitan fragmentation

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A machine learning prediction model for 1 cancer risk in patients with type 2 diabetes 2 based on clinical tests

14 BACKGROUND: The incidence of type 2 diabetes is rapidly increasing worldwide. Studies have shown that it is also associated 15 with cancer-related morbidities. Early detection of cancer in patients with type 2 diabetes is crucial. 16 OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to construct a model to predict cancer risk in patients with type 2 diabetes. 17 METHODS: This study collected clinical data from a total of 5198 patients. A cancer risk prediction model was established by 18 analyzing 261 items from routine laboratory tests. We screened 107 risk factors from 261 clinical tests based on the importance of 19 the characteristic variables, signiﬁcance of differences between groups ( P < 0.05), and minimum description length algorithm. 20 RESULTS: Compared with 16 machine learning classiﬁers, ﬁve classiﬁers based on the decision tree algorithm (CatBoost, light 21 gradient boosting, random forest, XGBoost, and gradient boosting) had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve 22 (AUC) of > 0.80. The AUC for CatBoost was 0.852 (sensitivity: 79.6%; speciﬁcity: 83.2%). 23 CONCLUSION: The constructed model can predict the risk of cancer in patients with type 2 diabetes based on tumor biomarkers 24 and routine tests using machine learning algorithms. This is helpful for early cancer risk screening and prevention to improve 25 patient outcomes. 26
Some Issues on Detecting Negation from Text

Negation is present in all human languages and it is used to reverse the polarity of parts of a statement. It is a complex phenomenon that interacts with many other aspects of language. Besides the direct meaning, negated statements often carry a latent positive meaning. Negation can be interpreted in terms of its scope and focus. This paper explores the importance of both scope and focus to capture the meaning of negated statements. Some issues on detecting negation from text are outlined, the forms in which negation occurs are depicted and heuristics to detect its scope and focus are proposed.
A Comparative Study on Marital adjustment, Relationship satisfaction & Psychological Well-being Among Working & Non-Working Married Women

Women know she has strength enough for the journey, but a woman of strength knows it is in the journey where they will become strong, and she never gives up. Marital adjustment is an adjustment between two partners in a married couple, relationship satisfaction is happiness and compatibility between two partners and psychological well-being refers to positive mental states, such as happiness and satisfaction. Marriages compromise different factors, but the research will pay attention to marital adjustment, relationship satisfaction, and psychological well-being. The present research is a comparative study that focuses on the relationship between marital adjustment, relationship satisfaction, and psychological well-being among working and non-working married women. A total of 60 samples of working and non-working married women of Ludhiana were used in the study . Standardised scales related to the above-mentioned variables were applied and data was collected through google forms. The findings of the research revealed that there is a significant difference between working and nonworking married women in marital adjustment, relationship satisfaction, and psychological well-being. The study suggests that women should start coming to the work field and also encourage men to be more supportive and motivate their partner to work.
Email is a stage: discovering people roles from email archives

Imagine a social scientist looking at the National Security Council emails for background information on how a policy decision was made; imagine a biographer accessing an email archive of a prominent scientist to find her role in a seminal discovery; or imagine an individual pondering over his own personal email collection to remember who was responsible for what part of the project he participated in three years ago. In all these scenarios the person making the analysis wants to determine who were the key actors, what roles did they play, what actions did they take, and what was the outcome of those actions. We are interested in developing automatic techniques that would allows us to extract such information from email collections. In this paper we focus on one aspect of this problem: detecting the people roles. A single person can “play” different “personas” almost at the same time: e.g., she is a graduate student and a research assistant and a friend and so on. These roles are reflected in the content of all her communications with the outside world and thus in her email messages as well. We want to detect those roles so we can determine the relationship between the actors, – e.g., who started a project and who was responsible in bringing it to completion. We also want to treat emails created by the same person in different roles separately, – e.g., we would like to separate her personal emails from the professional ones. We view a collection of emails as a multi-party dialog where each message carries one or several social actions or “speech acts” [4]. We believe that an individual’s role can be detected by analyzing the patterns of the speech
An Equilibrium Model of " Global Imbalances " and Low Interest Rates

Three of the most important recent facts in global macroeconomics — the sustained rise in the US current account deficit, the stubborn decline in long run real rates, and the rise in the share of US assets in global portfolios — appear as anomalies from the perspective of conventional wisdom and models. Instead , in this paper we provide a model that rationalizes these facts as an equilibrium outcome stemming from the heterogenity in different regions of the world in their capacity to generate financial assets from real investments. In extensions of the basic model, we also generate exchange rate and FDI excess returns which are broadly consistent with the recent trends in these variables. Beyond the specific sequence of events that motivate our analysis, the framework is flexible enough to shed light on a range of scenarios in a global equilibrium environment.