Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MQUICTT: EVOLVING IOT AT THE TRANSPORT LAYER

IoT devices are becoming the largest form of computation and require high network performance, while also presenting hardware constraints due to their form factor. New advances in networked systems and programming languages are set to succeed existing industry standards and could prove to be beneﬁcial for IoT devices. In the transport layer space, QUIC is set to supersede the TCP/TLS stack and is advantageous for performance and security by leveraging improved features such as a more straightforward, secure handshake and streams. While in the programming languages space, Rust, a new systems programming language, uses a strong type system to guarantee memory-safety and deadlock-freedom while still being performant. In this work, we analyse the feasibility of using a Rust based QUIC implementation as the basis for secure communication in IoT devices. To do so, we develop 𝑀𝑄𝑢𝑖𝑐𝑇𝑇 - a Rust based MQTT implementation using QUIC at the transport layer. We compare the performance of the resulting solution with existing MQTT implementations in various use cases and analyse the hardware resources needed to deploy it. We ﬁnd that the performance of the implementation is on par with the baseline. Finally, we discuss the binary size of the implementation and the possible methods to generally reduce Rust binary sizes for IoT network ﬁrmware using QUIC.
Rising Stocks during Lockdown Economic Recessions: Explaining the Phenomenon

Whilst facing an economic recession, stock prices have been rising consistently since late March of 2020, which has been viewed by many as paradoxical and has led some to consider that the stock market does not represent the real economy. The aim of this paper is to offer a simple, coherent explanation which is capable of showing why this is actually a phenomenon to be expected during the implementation of lockdown measures. The theoretical tool through which this is accomplished is the Life Cycle/Permanent Income Hypothesis and its consumption smoothing implications. I show that the exceptional inability to smooth consumption under current circumstances has been the cause of unprecedented increases in savings which find the stock market as one of their natural destinations.
Metrics and causality on Moyal planes

Metrics structures stemming from the Connes distance promote Moyal planes to the status of quantum metric spaces. We discuss this aspect in the light of recent developments, emphasizing the role of Moyal planes as representative examples of a recently introduced notion of quantum (noncommutative) locally compact space. We move then to the framework of Lorentzian noncommutative geometry and we examine the possibility of defining a notion of causality on Moyal plane, which is somewhat controversial in the area of mathematical physics. We show the actual existence of causal relations between the elements of a particular class of pure (coherent) states on Moyal plane with related causal structure similar to the one of the usual Minkowski space, up to the notion of locality.
NGC 2770: A SUPERNOVA Ib FACTORY?

NGC 2770 has been the host of three supernovae (SNe) of Type Ib during the last ten years, SN 1999eh, SN 2007uy, and SN 2008D. SN 2008D attracted special attention due to the serendipitous discovery of an associated X-ray transient. In this paper, we study the properties of NGC 2770 and specifically the three SN sites to investigate whether this galaxy is in any way peculiar to cause a high frequency of SNe Ib. We model the global spectral energy distribution of the galaxy from broadband data and derive a star formation and SN rate comparable to the values of the Milky Way. We further study the galaxy using longslit spectroscopy covering the major axis and the three SN sites. From the spectroscopic study we find subsolar metallicities for the SN sites, a high extinction and a moderate star formation rate. In a high-resolution spectrum, we also detect diffuse interstellar bands in the line of sight toward SN 2008D. A comparison of NGC 2770 to the global properties of a galaxy sample with high SN occurrence (⩾ 3 SN in the last 100 years) suggests that NGC 2770 is not particularly destined to produce such an enhancement of observed SNe. Its properties are also very different from gamma-ray burst host galaxies. Statistical considerations on SN Ib detection rates give a probability of ∼1.5% to find a galaxy with three Ib SNe detected in ten years. The high number of rare Ib SNe in this galaxy is therefore likely to be a coincidence rather than special properties of the galaxy itself. NGC 2770 has a small irregular companion, NGC 2770B, which is highly star-forming, has a very low mass and one of the lowest metallicities detected in the nearby universe as derived from longslit spectroscopy. In the most metal poor part, we even detect Wolf–Rayet (WR) features, which is at odds with most current models of WR stars which require high metallicities.
Genome-wide association study identifies multiple HLA loci for sarcoidosis susceptibility

Sarcoidosis is a complex systemic disease. Our study aimed to 1) identify novel alleles associated with sarcoidosis susceptibility; 2) provide an in-depth evaluation of HLA alleles and sarcoidosis susceptibility; 3) integrate genetic and transcription data to identify risk loci that may more directly impact disease pathogenesis. We report a genome-wide association study of 1,335 sarcoidosis cases and 1,264 controls of European descent (EA) and investigate associated alleles in a study of African Americans (AA: 1,487 cases and 1,504 controls). The EA cohort was recruited from National Jewish Health, Cleveland Clinic, University of California San Francisco, and Genomic Research in Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency and Sarcoidosis. The AA cohort was from a previous study with subjects enrolled from multiple United States sites. HLA alleles were imputed and tested for association with sarcoidosis susceptibility. Expression quantitative locus and colocalization analysis were performed using a subset of subjects with transcriptome data. 49 SNPs in HLA-DRA, -DRB9, -DRB5, -DQA1, and BRD2 genes were significantly associated with sarcoidosis susceptibility in EA. Among them, rs3129888 was also a risk variant for sarcoidosis in AA. Classical HLA alleles DRB1*0101, DQA1*0101, and DQB1*0501, which are highly correlated, were also associated with sarcoidosis. rs3135287 near HLA-DRA was associated with HLA-DRA expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and bronchoalveolar lavage. In summary, we identified several novel SNPs and three HLA alleles associated with sarcoidosis susceptibility in the largest EA population evaluated to date using an integrative analysis of genetics and transcriptomics. We also replicated our findings in an AA population.
Molecular mechanisms associated with multiple sclerosis progression, severity and phenotype

While current treatments of multiple sclerosis (MS) effectively inhibit formation of focal lesions and relapses, most patients experience progression independent of relapse activity (PIRA). To understand PIRA, we analyzed nine prospectively acquired clinical and imaging outcomes in 176 relapsing-remitting and 215 progressive MS patients and 45 healthy volunteers, along with matched cellular and >5000 protein data in 1,042 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples. Regressing out physiological aging and sex effects identified MS-related processes. Among these, compartmentalized inflammation and its effector mechanisms such as pyroptosis showed the strongest association with MS severity, irrespective of clinical categorization of patients. However, molecular processes affected localization of CNS injury: patients with predominant brain damage had proportionally higher neuroinflammation, while fibrosis and tissue hypoxia were linked to principal involvement of spinal cord. We did not identify inflammation-unrelated neurodegeneration; instead, CNS-related processes were beneficial, such as synaptogenesis. Machine learning-based CSF biomarker models predicted nine clinical and volumetric imaging outcomes in the independent cohort with accuracy exceeding published MS models. These data show intra-individual diversity of putative disease mechanisms in MS and implicate processes related to compartmentalized neuroinflammation as leading candidate mechanisms of PIRA. Future drug development should include CNS-penetrant anti-inflammatory agents.
Kinesio taping effective for peripheral tissue perfusion in women with mild to 1 moderate chronic venous insufficiency ? A randomized controlled trial 2 3 Short title : Kinesio taping in chronic venous insufficiency

19 Objective: To evaluate the acute effect of Kinesio Taping® on peripheral tissue perfusion in 20 women with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI). Methods: This randomized, double-blind 21 controlled trial included 59 women with mild to moderate CVI. They were randomized to a 22 control group (n = 23; 54.08 ± 9.04 years) and Kinesio Taping® group (KT) (n = 36; 55.87 ± 23 9.97 years). Near-infrared spectroscopy was positioned in the medial gastrocnemius muscle for 24 assessment of resting tissue perfusion 48 h after the first day of evaluation and after placement 25 of the Kinesio Taping® tape. The evaluation also consisted of performing movements of the 26 plethysmography examination. To verify the comparisons of preand post-Kinesio Taping® 27 data, the variation delta was used for analysis. Mann–Whitney U test was performed an an alpha 28 of 5% was considered statistically significant. Results: There wasn ́t a significant difference 29 between groups regarding the peripheral tissue perfusion evaluation variables Peripheral 30 Oxygen Saturation Difference – DELTA_SPO2: (KT Group 3.21 (0.84–3.62); Control 2.21 31 (1.59–4.83), p = 0.219) and Difference in deoxygenate hemoglobin values – DELTA_HHB 32 (units) KT Group -0.62 (-2.14–0.67); Control Group -0.07 (-2.15–2.62) p = 0.238). Despite the 33 lack of statistical significance, the KT group had a 785.7% greater drop in HHB values than the 34 control group. Conclusions: Acute use of Kinesio Taping® in women with CVI did not 35 significantly alter tissue perfusion of calf muscles. However, it was possible to observe 36 percentage differences in venous retention to be considered from a clinical point of view. 37 Trial registration: Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (REBEC) RBR-9bhbrp. 38
Dark matter and pulsar model constraints from Galactic Center Fermi-LAT gamma-ray observations

Employing Fermi-LAT gamma ray observations, several independent groups have found excess extended gamma ray emission at the Galactic center (GC). Both, annihilating dark matter (DM) or a population of $\sim 10^3$ unresolved millisecond pulsars (MSPs) are regarded as well motivated possible explanations. However, there is significant uncertainties in the diffuse galactic background at the GC. We have performed a revaluation of these two models for the extended gamma ray source at the GC by accounting for the systematic uncertainties of the Galactic diffuse emission model. We also marginalize over point source and diffuse background parameters in the region of interest. We show that the excess emission is significantly more extended than a point source. We find that the DM (or pulsars population) signal is larger than the systematic errors and therefore proceed to determine the sectors of parameter space that provide an acceptable fit to the data. We found that a population of order a 1000 MSPs with parameters consistent with the average spectral shape of Fermi-LAT measured MSPs was able to fit the GC excess emission. For DM, we found that a pure $\tau^+\tau^-$ annihilation channel is not a good fit to the data. But a mixture of $\tau^+\tau^-$ and $b\bar{b}$ with a $\left $ of order the thermal relic value and a DM mass of around 20 to 60 GeV provides an adequate fit.
Early-type dwarf galaxies in clusters: A mixed bag with various origins?

The formation ofearly-type dwarf(dE) galaxies, the most numerous objects in clusters, is believed tobe closely connected to the physical processes that drive galaxy cluster evolution, like galaxy harassment and ram-pressure stripping. However, the actual significance ofeach mechanism for building the observed cluster dE population is yet unknown. Several distinct dE subclasses were identified, which show significant differences in their shape, stellar content, and distribution within the cluster. Does this diversity imply that dEs originate from various formation channels? Does “cosmological” formation play a role as well? I try to touch on these questions in this brief overview of dEs in galaxy clusters (© 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Biosensor Characterization from Cratylia mollis Seed Lectin (Cramoll)‐MOF and Specific Carbohydrate Interactions in an Electrochemical Model

Biosensors are small devices known for their selectivity, high specificity and sensitivity to the respective analyte, at low concentrations. We developed an electrochemical biosensor using the crystalline polymer MOF‐[Cu3(BTC)2(H2O)2]n to characterize Cratylia mollis seed lectin (Cramoll) and its interaction with free carbohydrate (glucose) and carbohydrates on the surface of rabbit erythrocytes. The electrochemical potentials presented by the exponential curves that vary from 96 to 142 mV in relation to concentrations of 10 to 20 mM of glucose are decisive for the use of the system containing gold electrode/MOF/Cramoll for the characterization of biological models due to its high sensitivity. As well as the kinetic behavior presented in the cyclic voltammograms, with a cathodic current response of 0.000 3 A for a glucose concentration of 15 mM. These results were due to the high specificity of Cramoll under these conditions, promoting stability of surface charges at the Cramoll/electrode interface. This phenomenon facilitates the monitoring of the interaction with free glucose present in the electrolyte medium by potentiometric and amperometric methods and with carbohydrates present on the surface of rabbit erythrocytes through the potentiometric method. Through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) it was possible to observe Cramoll immobilized on the MOF surface, proving the specificity of the ligand (glucose‐lectin) through the morphological lectin changes in this process. This electrochemical model, Cramoll/MOF biosensor, is effective for evaluating free lectin/carbohydrate or in the erythrocyte membrane.
Reliable brain morphometry from contrast‐enhanced T1w‐MRI in patients with multiple sclerosis

Brain morphometry is usually based on non‐enhanced (pre‐contrast) T1‐weighted MRI. However, such dedicated protocols are sometimes missing in clinical examinations. Instead, an image with a contrast agent is often available. Existing tools such as FreeSurfer yield unreliable results when applied to contrast‐enhanced (CE) images. Consequently, these acquisitions are excluded from retrospective morphometry studies, which reduces the sample size. We hypothesize that deep learning (DL)‐based morphometry methods can extract morphometric measures also from contrast‐enhanced MRI. We have extended DL+DiReCT to cope with contrast‐enhanced MRI. Training data for our DL‐based model were enriched with non‐enhanced and CE image pairs from the same session. The segmentations were derived with FreeSurfer from the non‐enhanced image and used as ground truth for the coregistered CE image. A longitudinal dataset of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), comprising relapsing remitting (RRMS) and primary progressive (PPMS) subgroups, was used for the evaluation. Global and regional cortical thickness derived from non‐enhanced and CE images were contrasted to results from FreeSurfer. Correlation coefficients of global mean cortical thickness between non‐enhanced and CE images were significantly larger with DL+DiReCT (r = 0.92) than with FreeSurfer (r = 0.75). When comparing the longitudinal atrophy rates between the two MS subgroups, the effect sizes between PPMS and RRMS were higher with DL+DiReCT both for non‐enhanced (d = −0.304) and CE images (d = −0.169) than for FreeSurfer (non‐enhanced d = −0.111, CE d = 0.085). In conclusion, brain morphometry can be derived reliably from contrast‐enhanced MRI using DL‐based morphometry tools, making additional cases available for analysis and potential future diagnostic morphometry tools.
Draft Genome Sequences of Pseudomonas sp. Strains MWU 12-2029, MWU 12-3088, and MWU 12-3091, Isolated from Wild and Cultivated Massachusetts Cranberry Bogs

Pseudomonas sp. strains MWU12-2029, MWU12-3088, and MWU12-3091 were isolated from wild and cultivated cranberry bog soils in southeastern Massachusetts. The three isolates are closely related to Pseudomonas kribbensis, a not validly published member of the P. fluorescens group, and contain three putative insecticidal protein genes, including the toxin complex A gene (tcaC). ABSTRACT Pseudomonas sp. strains MWU12-2029, MWU12-3088, and MWU12-3091 were isolated from wild and cultivated cranberry bog soils in southeastern Massachusetts. The three isolates are closely related to Pseudomonas kribbensis, a not validly published member of the P. fluorescens group, and contain three putative insecticidal protein genes, including the toxin complex A gene (tcaC).
Dislocation theory as a 3‐dimensional translation gauge theory

We consider the static elastoplastic theory of dislocations in an elastoplastic material. We use a Yang‐Mills type Lagrangian (the teleparallel equivalent of Hilbert‐Einstein Lagrangian) and some Lagrangians with anisotropic constitutive laws. The translational part of the generalized affine connection is utilized to describe the theory of elastoplasticity in the framework of a translation gauge theory. We obtain a system of Yang‐Mills field equations which express the balance of force and moment.
Casimir experiments showing saturation effects

We address several different Casimir experiments where theory and experiment disagree. First out is the classical Casimir force measurement between two metal half spaces; here both in the form of the torsion pendulum experiment by Lamoreaux and in the form of the Casimir pressure measurement between a gold sphere and a gold plate as performed by Decca et al.; theory predicts a large negative thermal correction, absent in the high precision experiments. The third experiment is the measurement of the Casimir force between a metal plate and a laser irradiated semiconductor membrane as performed by Chen et al.; the change in force with laser intensity is larger than predicted by theory. The fourth experiment is the measurement of the Casimir force between an atom and a wall in the form of the measurement by Obrecht et al. of the change in oscillation frequency of a 87Rb Bose-Einstein condensate trapped to a fused silica wall; the change is smaller than predicted by theory. We show that saturation effects can explain the discrepancies between theory and experiment observed in all these cases.
Current insights into post-transcriptional regulation of fleshy fruit ripening.

Fruit ripening is a complicated process that is accompanied by the formation of fruit quality. It is not only regulated at the transcriptional level via transcription factors or DNA methylation but also fine-tuned after transcription occurs. Here, we review recent advances in our understanding of key regulatory mechanisms of fleshy fruit ripening after transcription. We mainly highlight the typical mechanisms by which fruit ripening is controlled, namely, alternative splicing, mRNA m6A methylation, and non-coding RNAs at the post-transcriptional level; regulation of translation efficiency and uORF-mediated translational repression at the translational level; and histone modifications, protein phosphorylation, and protein ubiquitination at the post-translational level. Taken together, these post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms, along with transcriptional regulation, constitute the molecular framework of fruit ripening. We also critically discuss the potential usage of some mechanisms to improve fruit traits.
Critical dynamics at the Anderson localization mobility edge

We study the critical dynamics of matter waves at the three-dimensional Anderson mobility edge in cold-atom disorder quench experiments. General scaling arguments are supported by precision numerics for the spectral function, diffusion coefficient, and localization length in isotropic blue-detuned speckle potentials. We discuss signatures of critical slowdown in the time-dependent central column density of a spreading wave packet, and evaluate the prospects of observing anomalous diffusion right at criticality.
MAGNETAR GIANT FLARES IN MULTIPOLAR MAGNETIC FIELDS. I. FULLY AND PARTIALLY OPEN ERUPTIONS OF FLUX ROPES

We propose a catastrophic eruption model for the enormous energy release of magnetars during giant flares, in which a toroidal and helically twisted flux rope is embedded within a force-free magnetosphere. The flux rope stays in stable equilibrium states initially and evolves quasi-statically. Upon the loss of equilibrium, the flux rope cannot sustain the stable equilibrium states and erupts catastrophically. During the process, the magnetic energy stored in the magnetosphere is rapidly released as the result of destabilization of global magnetic topology. The magnetospheric energy that could be accumulated is of vital importance for the outbursts of magnetars. We carefully establish the fully open fields and partially open fields for various boundary conditions at the magnetar surface and study the relevant energy thresholds. By investigating the magnetic energy accumulated at the critical catastrophic point, we find that it is possible to drive fully open eruptions for dipole-dominated background fields. Nevertheless, it is hard to generate fully open magnetic eruptions for multipolar background fields. Given the observational importance of the multipolar magnetic fields in the vicinity of the magnetar surface, it would be worthwhile to explore the possibility of the alternative eruption approach in multipolar background fields. Fortunately, we find that flux ropes may give rise to partially open eruptions in the multipolar fields, which involve only partial opening of background fields. The energy release fractions are greater for cases with central-arcaded multipoles than those with central-caved multipoles that emerged in background fields. Eruptions would fail only when the centrally caved multipoles become extremely strong.