Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
RP-HPLC METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF LINAGLIPTIN AND EMPAGLIFLOZIN

A simple, accurate and precise RP-HPLC method was developed for the simultaneous estimation of the linagliptin and empagliflozin in tablet dosage form. Chromatogram was run through Kromasil 250 x 4.6 mM, 5mM column, mobile phase containing 0.1% o-phosphoric acid buffer and acetonitrile in the ratio of 60:40%v/v was pumped through column at a flow rate of 1 mL/min. The optimized wavelength was 230 nm. Retention times of linagliptin and empagliflozin were found to be 2.759 min and 2.139 min. %RSD of the Linagliptin and Empagliflozin were found to be 0.5 and 0.6 respectively. Percentage assay was obtained as 99.91% and 100.15% for linagliptin and empagliflozin, respectively. LOD, LOQ values obtained for linagliptin and empagliflozin were 0.23 μg/ml and 0.44 μg/mL and 0.70 μg/mL and 1.34 μg/mL, respectively. Thus, the current study showed that the developed RP-HPLC method is sensitive and selective for the estimation of linagliptin and empagliflozin in combined dosage form.
Cubic Spline based Particle Swarm Optimization for Microstrip Antennas

This paper presents an optimization technique for microstrip antennas using cubic spline based particle swarm optimization (CSPSO). An application of this algorithm is developed for microstrip antenna optimization. An initial antenna is designed by searching an acceptable solution from collective range of antenna parameters. The data for developing the CSPSO program is obtained from simulation software by varying different parameters of the antenna. Using the generated data, the CSPSO program is developed and executed. Thus the optimized antenna is obtained. Finally the performance of the initial antenna is compared with the CSPSO optimized antenna. The result yields that CSPSO shows remarkable improvement over bandwidth. For the probe fed microstrip antenna, the bandwidth is increased by 19% compared to the initial antenna. The initial microstrip antenna is presented in Figure-1 and Figure-2. The substrate is 10 cm X 9 cm X 0.32 mm Rogers RT/Duroid 5880 material with er = 2.2 and tan(δ) = 0.0009. Dimension of the initial patch is 4.5 cm x 3 cm. Considering the center of the patch as (0, 0), the probe is placed at (-0.5 cm, 0 cm) location. The probe is a coaxial cable with conductor thickness of 0.07 cm. The parameters of the microstrip antenna are presented in Table-1.
Ischaemic Stroke and occult cardiac abnormality-A Transthoracic Echocardiography based study

Background: Most of the cases of stroke are of ischemic origin. Various cardiac diseases have been shown to increase risk of stroke. Cerebral embolism derived from a diversity of cardiac disorders is responsible for H”20% of ischemic stroke. AF is the most powerful and treatable cardiac precursor of stroke. Cardiac abnormalities are important risk factors for stroke. A cardiac source of thromboembolism must be excluded in patients presenting with a definite embolic occlusion of a peripheral artery, or multiple thromboembolic episodes in diverse anatomical regions. These patients should undergo transthoracic echocardiography initially and transoesophageal echo if image quality is unsatisfactory because of obesity, lung disease or chest deformity. Methods: An descriptive and observational study done in Neurology unit, Chittagong Medical College hospital from January 2007 to December 2007.Patients presented primarily as ischemic stroke was examined to find out prevalence of occult cardiac abnormality and to find out the frequency of different type cardiac abnormality in ischemic stroke through echocardiography. Results: A total number of 265 patients were examined. Different types of cardiac findings, the maximum number are LV hypertrophy (23%) and followed by Diastolic dysfunction (17%), than multiple vulvular disease (8.5%). Small number of other abnormality found but no PFO and mitral valve prolapse identified in this study. In under 30yrs age group of cases all the abnormal findings found are valvular abnormality. They are mitral stenosis (2), multiple valvular disease (2) and mitral regurgitation (1). In 30 – 49 yrs age group different abnormal findings, most of which are also valvular lesions including aortic stenosis(2), multiple valvular disease(2) and mitral regurgitation(1). Intracardiac thrombus found in one case.In e”50- 69 yrs age group of patients, maximum abnormality found is LVH(7) followed by Diastolic dysfunction(4). Maximum abnormality found in e”70 yrs of age group is LVH(3) and next to it is distolic dysfunction(2). Interpretation: Echocardiography may provide important information on the cause of ischemic stroke. Taking into account a low rate of findings with direct impact on evidence-based therapeutic strategies, routine use of echocardiography is not warranted in all patients with stroke. In patients younger than 50 years, echocardiography has higher diagnostic yield and should routinely be performed. Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2014; Vol. 30 (2): 84-89
Conversion of Industrial Food Wastes Cranberry Pomace into Foods Blending with Rice Flour Using Single-screw Extrusion Process

The main objective of this study was to convert the cranberry pomace into value-added extruded cereals/snacks blending with rice flour using a single screw extruder based on the physicochemical properties of extrudates because utilization of the byproduct cranberry pomace would be necessary for the growth of cranberry juice processing industries and the extruded snacks/cereals with higher fiber and antioxidant and less carbohydrate would be required to fulfill the consumers’ demand. The six different formulations by blending 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25% cranberry pomace with 100, 95, 90, 85, 80 and 75% of rice flour, respectively, were extruded using a single screw extruder. The temperature (150℃), screw speed (270 rpm), feed rate (20 Kg/hr) and feed moisture content (35%) were constant during extrusion. The physicochemical properties of the extrudates were characterized to determine the desirable formulations. The results indicated that radial expansion ratio (1.11-1.67), the solid density (0.71-0.76 g/mL), piece density (0.20-0.63 g/mL), porosity (14.49-72.38%), hardness (23-157.73 N), crispness (4.17-13.5), moisture content (3.22-4.39%), water activity (0.14-0.36) and the water solubility (7.07-30.80%) of rice flour and cranberry pomace blend extrudates were varied depending on the combinations of the rice flour and cranberry pomace. The results revealed that up to 20% cranberry pomace could be added with 75-80% rice flour to develop high fiber and antioxidant with less carbohydrate cereal/snack products. The utilization of cranberry pomace combining with rice flour through extrusion process can provide a unique opportunity to generate healthier snacks and cereals that have higher fiber and antioxidant and low carbohydrate.
Holographic Antennas

Antennas having any mean surface and any prescribed feeder and radiation pattern can be experimentally obtained by the extension of the holographic technique to the microwave field. An experiment is described, based on the simple case of a plane antenna. Different types of microwave holograms, which constitute the synthesized antenna, have been tested.
Self-Assembled Corn-Husk-Shaped Fullerene Crystals as Excellent Acid Vapor Sensors

Low-molecular-weight acid vapors cause aging and destruction in material processing. In this paper, facile fabrication of novel corn-husk-shaped fullerene C60 crystals (CHFCs) through the dynamic liquid–liquid interfacial precipitation method is reported. The CHFCs were grown at the liquid–liquid interface between isopropyl alcohol (IPA) and a saturated solution of C60 in mesitylene under ambient temperature and pressure conditions. The average length, outer diameter, and inner diameter of CHFCs were ca. 2.88 μm, 672 nm, and 473 nm, respectively. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed the CHFCs exhibit a mixed face-centered cubic (fcc) and hexagonal-close pack (hcp) crystal phases with lattice parameters a = 1.425 nm, V = 2.899 nm3 for fcc phase and a = 2.182 nm, c = 0.936 nm, a/c ratio = 2.33, and V = 3.859 nm3 for hcp phase. The CHFCs possess mesoporous structure as confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and nitrogen sorption analysis. The specific surface area and the pore volume were ca. 57.3 m2 g−1 and 0.149 cm3 g−1, respectively, are higher than the nonporous pristine fullerene C60. Quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensing results show the excellent sensing performance CHFCs sensitive to acetic acid vapors due to the enhanced diffusion via mesoporous architecture and hollow structure of the CHFCs, demonstrating the potential of the material for the development of a new sensor system for aliphatic acid vapors sensing.
AAA Revisited: A Comprehensive Review of Risk Factors, Management, and Hallmarks of Pathogenesis

Despite declining incidence and mortality rates in many countries, the abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) continues to represent a life-threatening cardiovascular condition with an overall prevalence of about 2–3% in the industrialized world. While the risk of AAA development is considerably higher for men of advanced age with a history of smoking, screening programs serve to detect the often asymptomatic condition and prevent aortic rupture with an associated death rate of up to 80%. This review summarizes the current knowledge on identified risk factors, the multifactorial process of pathogenesis, as well as the latest advances in medical treatment and surgical repair to provide a perspective for AAA management.
Cisplatin Resistance in Ovarian Cancer: Classical Outlook and Newer Perspectives

Ovarian cancer is one of the most common gynecological cancers. Recently, there is increase in incidence of ovarian cancer not only India but also worldwide. Ovarian cancer patients exhibit nonspecific symptoms during early course of disease. As a consequence, 70% of these patients are diagnosed in advanced stages. Ovarian cancer treatment includes cytoreductive surgery followed by platinum-based chemotherapy. However, these patients develop fatal recurrence due to development of platinum resistance. Cisplatin, (platinum analog) resistance is multifactorial and complex. Earlier, resistance was mainly attributed to conventional molecular mechanisms like decreased intracellular accumulation of cisplatin, enhanced DNA repair and increased cisplatin detoxification. Nevertheless, emergence of knowledge of tumor biology have lead to discovery of other contributing mechanisms. These tumor microenvironment related factors include physical blockade, hypoxia, cancer stem cells, cancer associated fibroblasts and many others. Understanding these mechanisms of cisplatin resistance is crucial for development of novel strategy to combat the same. Hence, this review summarizes all the mechanisms of resistance of cisplatin in ovarian cancer.
Library Websites During the COVID-19 Pandemic

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has been shown to impact the business environment in different ways. The current paper presents how the university and research library websites in Tanzania responded to the changes in the working environment and style following the outbreak of COVID-19. This study employed a content analysis method to collect and analyse data from academic and research library websites in Tanzania. This study focuses on how library websites in Tanzania were used to update and connect library users with relevant information resources and services during the outbreak of the COVID-19. The findings show that 12 of the 24 library websites had the opening and closing hours, two university library websites had information related to the outbreak of the COVID-19 and 12 had no information related to the outbreak of the COVID-19. This study has an important practical implication for the academic and research librarians on the effective use of library websites for information sharing and communication.
Supercapacitors Fabrication and Performance Evaluation Techniques

Supercapacitors have surfaced as a promising technology to store electrical energy and bridge the gap between a conventional capacitor and a battery. This chapter reviews various fabrication practices deployed in the development of supercapacitor electrodes and devices. A broader insight is given on the numerous electrode fabrication techniques that include a detailed introduction, principles, pros and cons, and their specific applications to provide a holistic view. Key performance parameters of an energy storage device are explained in detail. A further discussion comprises several electrochemical measurement procedures that are used for the supercapacitor performance evaluation. The performance characterization section helps to determine the correct approach that should be utilized for supercapacitor device performance measurement and assessment.
The Role of Trait Inferences in Evaluative Conditioning

Evaluative Conditioning (EC) effect is a change in evaluative responding to a neutral stimulus (CS) due to its pairing with a valenced stimulus (US). Traditionally, EC effects are viewed as fundamentally different from per-suasion effects. Inspired by a propositional perspective to EC, four studies (N = 1,284) tested if, like persuasion effects, EC effects can also be driven by trait inferences. Experiments 1-2 found that promoting trait inferences (by pairing people with trait words rather than nouns) increased EC effects. Experiments 3-4 found that under-mining trait inferences (by questioning the validity of those inferences) decreased EC effects. In all experiments, however, EC effects were still significant when trait inferences were invalid. Taken together, our findings (a) suggest that trait inferences can play an important role in EC effects, (b) constrain theoretical models of EC, and (c) have important implications for applied EC interventions.
DXA-Derived Indices in the Characterisation of Sarcopenia

Sarcopenia is linked with increased risk of falls, osteoporosis and mortality. No consensus exists about a gold standard “dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) index for muscle mass determination” in sarcopenia diagnosis. Thus, many indices exist, but data on sarcopenia diagnosis agreement are scarce. Regarding sarcopenia diagnosis reliability, the impact of influencing factors on sarcopenia prevalence, diagnosis agreement and reliability are almost completely missing. For nine DXA-derived muscle mass indices, we aimed to evaluate sarcopenia prevalence, diagnosis agreement and diagnosis reliability, and investigate the effects of underlying parameters, presence or type of adjustment and cut-off values on all three outcomes. The indices were analysed in the BioPersMed cohort (58 ± 9 years), including 1022 asymptomatic subjects at moderate cardiovascular risk. DXA data from 792 baselines and 684 follow-up measurements (for diagnosis agreement and reliability determination) were available. Depending on the index and cut-off values, sarcopenia prevalence varied from 0.6 to 36.3%. Height-adjusted parameters, independent of underlying parameters, showed a relatively high level of diagnosis agreement, whereas unadjusted and adjusted indices showed low diagnosis agreement. The adjustment type defines which individuals are recognised as sarcopenic in terms of BMI and sex. The investigated indices showed comparable diagnosis reliability in follow-up examinations
Uncertainties and Risks Determining Individual Demand for Higher Education: A Sample from Mersin University Bireylerin Yükseköğretim Talebini Etkileyen Belirsizlik ve Riskler: Mersin Üniversitesi Örneği

There are some risks and uncertainties like imperfect intrapersonal assessments, size of investment in education, unknown future demand conditions in labor market, and students’ distorted knowledge about the quality of schooling around decision to enter higher education. These risks and uncertainties may cause underinvestment in higher education and/or influence program choices. In a group of higher education students from Mersin University Department of English Language Teaching (in Mersin, Turkey), opinions on these factors or conditions were gathered through a questionnaire. Results show that students have learned from their previous attainments so they are mostly aware of their abilities, have considered future employment conditions, and their assessments on quality of schooling were distorted. Although they are risk averse, they did not consider the cost of higher education as a criterion for school choice. It is recommended that risks and uncertainties around higher education demand should be examined together with students’ secondary school and family backgrounds.
The personalisation of a learning environment: student-led connections online and offline

Rapidly evolving technological change is necessarily accompanied by matched evolution of individual practice amongst users. In a connected world, the users are universal, and students entering universities may arrive with a mix of sophisticated and naive approaches to using technology to support their learning. The University of Southampton has designed and is implementing a holistic learning environment radically different from the VLEs which have gained widespread usage since the late 1990s. Whist working with colleagues across the university we based our planning framework on the concept of a ‘rich learning environment’. In the process of transforming our aspirations into reality it was necessary to embody requirements and ambitions which matched our educational, organisational and technological requirements. At the same time it was essential that any system, fit for the twenty-first century was able to meet and exceed students expectations: it soon became clear that such a learning environment is "more than a system, it’s a mindset". This presentation considers the foundations and emergence of personal learning environments and considers the interplay of ambitions and requirements needed to support personal learning in a university context. It goes on to make a case for the creation of a seemingly paradoxical embodiment – an “Institutional Personal Learning Environment (iPLE). The argument is located in the context of emerging understandings of the role and challenges to universities today of ‘digital literacies’ or more precisely the role and challenges of ‘scholarly literacies in a digital age’.
Hyperparameter Search using Genetic Algorithm for Surrogate Modeling of Geophysical Flows

The computational models for geophysical flows are computationally very expensive to employ in multi-query tasks such as data assimilation, uncertainty quantification, and hence surrogate models sought to alleviate the computational burden associated with these full order models. Researchers have started applying machine learning algorithms, particularly neural networks, to build data-driven surrogate models for geophysical flows. The performance of the neural network highly relies upon its architecture design and selection of other hyperparameters. These neural networks are usually manually designed through trial and error to maximize their performance. This often requires domain knowledge of the neural network as well as the problems of interest. This limitation can be addressed by using an evolutionary algorithm to automatically design architecture and select optimal hyperparameters of the neural network. In this paper, we apply the genetic algorithm to effectively design the long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network to build the non-intrusive reduced order model of the sea-surface temperature field.
2-bit polarisation agile antenna with high port decoupling

A practical method to achieve both decoupling and six polarisation states by employing the mode-based approach for a four-element antenna is presented. The eigenmode theory as well as a practical implementation scheme are presented. The resulting approach can operate with vertical, horizontal, slant +45°, slant −45°, right-hand circular polarisation, or left-hand circular polarisation. A prototype has been manufactured and measured results show good agreement with simulations.
Investigation of Alternative Weed Management Methods in Organic Vineyards of The Aegean Region

Bu calisma, 2009-2011 yillarinda Manisa ilinde geleneksel ve organik uzum uretim yapilan baglarda sorun olan yabanci otlarin saptanmasi ve bu yabanci otlara karsi mucadele yontemlerinin belirlenmesi amaciyla yapilmistir. Organik bag alaninda bazi mucadele yontemlerin etkisini belirlemek amaciyla da calismalar yurutulmustur. Organik mucadele yontemlerinde ise malc tekstili, saman, talas, yer fistigi kabugu, tuylu fig, alevle yakma, zeytin karasuyu, traktor capasi, el capasi, arpa-fig karisik ekimi ve lahana artigi uygulamalari yer almistir. Calismada organik uygulamalarin yabanci otlara, verim, kalite kriterleri ve topragin fiziksel ve kimyasal ozelliklerine etkileri de belirlenmistir. Organik uygulamalarin topraga etkileri incelendiginde; en yuksek fosfor (P) zeytin karasuyu uygulamasindan, en yuksek organik madde miktari arpa + fig ve zeytin karasuyu uygulamalarindan elde edilmistir. Potasyum (K) degerleri incelendiginde ise en yuksek degerler traktor capasi ve zeytin karasuyu uygulamalarinda belirlenmistir. Lahana artigi uygulamasinda demir (Fe) ve mangan (Mn) miktarinin yuksek duzeylerde oldugu kaydedilmistir. Maliyet analizi sonucunda kontrole oranla en ekonomik uygulama arpa + fig (% 35,5) olurken, bunu sirasiyla tuylu fig (% 26,8), arpa + fig (% 25,5), lahana artiklari (% 18,30), malc tekstili (% 14,38), traktor capasi (% 13,1) ve yer fistigi kabugu (% 9,1) uygulamalari izlemistir. Diger uygulamalar olan yakma, saman, talas ve el capasi uygulamalarinin geleneksel herbisit uygulamalarindan daha yuksek maliyetli olduklari belirlenmistir. Yurutulen bu calisma sonucunda geleneksel yetistirme kosullarinda sonbahar toprak islemesi + glyphosate uygulamasi ve organik yetistirmede malc tekstili uygulamasinin yabanci ot mucadelesi icin en etkili uygulamalar oldugu belirlenmistir. Bu uygulamalarin diger uygulamalardan daha yuksek verim olusturdugu da belirlenmistir. Malc tekstili, arpa + fig karisik ekimi ve tuylu fig uygulamalarinin maliyet bakimindan geleneksel uygulamalardan daha az maliyetli oldugu ve organik yetistiricilikte yabanci ot kontrolunde tavsiye edilebilecegi belirlenmistir
Small-sized metallic and transparent film resonators for MR-WPT system

Wireless power transfer (WPT) systems have been studied with various system configurations; among them, four-coil WPT is the conventional form in indirect-fed magnetic resonance WPT (MR-WPT). Small coil and transparent electrode coil made of multilayered IZTO/Ag/IZTO is designed. The planar loops and spiral coils were placed on the top and bottom of an acrylic substrate. The electrode was deposed indium–zinc–tin oxide-silver-indium–zinc–tin oxide (IZTO/Ag/IZTO) as a multilayer film structure. Loops were fabricated and optimised using capacitors. The coil was fabricated using a copper sheet and transparent electrode. The efficiency according to the transfer distance from 1 to 5 cm is measured. The optimised efficiency of the MR-WPT with capacitance was 81% using a copper coil and 57% using a transparent coil (IZTO/Ag/IZTO) at a transfer distance of 1 cm.