Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Understanding the radiative performance of urban trees

Three adolescent open grown urban trees have been analysed for variation in percent canopy reflectance. The experimental design segregated each canopy into eight blocks aimed at distinguishing between cardinal directions, upper and lower as well as inner or outer location of leaf samples in a canopy. Spectral reflectance data from 0.4 to 2.5 μm was taken and analysed for significant differences between the blocks. Variation in percentage reflectance was measurable and found to be significant in statistical analysis depending on locus.
Mid-Term Strategic Plan for the Public Health and Medical Care Cooperation in the Korean Peninsula

As extensive as the concept of and the resources required for ‘Health for Korean Unification’ are, and due to the limited access to information on the state of health and medical care in North Korea, discussion on ‘Health for Korean Unification’ has tended to be intermittent and lacked concrete action plans. In this article, we specifically distinguished areas of cooperation and selected five executable agenda that meet the goals of international development cooperation: 1) Health security; 2) Easing the burden of major diseases; 3) Resilient healthcare system; 4) R&D cooperation; 5) Sustainable cooperation system. Then we provided corresponding strategic priorities and operative directions, in consideration of future military and political sanctions against North Korea. The strategies we outline are sustainable, preemptive for problems that might affect lives of South and North Korean citizens, and satisfy the unmet needs of the North Korean health system. Throughout the process, we utilized a special platform, the ‘Korean Peninsula Healthcare Cooperation Platform,’ designed to enable continual communication across sectors engaged in public health and medical care. By doing so, we take the first step to actually carry out the 'Health for Korean Unification,’ which tended to have remained on the discussion agenda.
Phylogeography pattern of Lutjanus bengalensis (bloch, 1790) in indonesia waters and south china sea

Lutjanus or snappers usually known as economical fish in Indonesia and worldwide. This research aims to observe the different phylogeography correlation of Lutjanus bengalensis in Indonesia Waters and South China Sea used COI gene marker. The primary data collected from fish port Pulo Aceh, Indonesia (5 sequences), while the population of others region such as Bali (3 sequences) and Maluku (3 sequences) was retrieved from NCBI GenBank. South China Sea represented by sampled from Taiwan (3 sequences) and Hongkong (3 sequences) that also retrieved from NCBI Genbank. In total 17 sequences were analysed the diversity of haplotypes 0-1 and the diversity of nucleotide 0-0.030. Based on this researched data, it will become basic data for spesies management for Lutjanus bengalensis in Indonesia.
Coastline Detection in Polarimetric SAR Images Based on Freeman Decomposition and Three-Region Markov Random Field Segmentation

The difficulty of coastline detection in polarimetric SAR images is that the coast zone includes both the sea noised by the sidelobe echo of strong scattering targets and intertidal zones with varying water content. Methods based solely on the statistical distribution of quad-polarization coherent matrix or single-channel scattering intensity would result in incorrect segmentation. In this letter, a coastline detection method in polarimetric SAR images based on three-region Markov random field (MRF) segmentation with embedded components obtained by Freeman decomposition is proposed. First, the powers of Freeman three-component decomposition of the land cover are obtained. Then, the $3 \times 3$ scattering coherent matrix is decomposed into two parts of volume scattering power and nonvolume scattering $2 \times 2$ coherent matrix based on the reflective symmetry of natural land covers. A joint probability distribution of the two parts is constructed and embedded into the three-region MRF model to segment the image into sea, strong scattering, and other regions. The coastline is finally extracted by determining the boundary of the segmented sea region. To improve the accuracy and robustness of the initial segmentation, a threshold segmentation method by sampling typical regions is proposed to segment the double-bounce and volume scattering powers. Experimental results using RADARSAT-2 data from regions in Dalian and Boao of China and Singapore demonstrate that the proposed method accurately detects coastlines in different scenes, with an average offset of less than 2 pixels. The performance is significantly superior to coastline detection methods based on two-region thresholding segmentation, MRF segmentation, and level set (LS) segmentation.
Effect of Annurca Apple Extract on Anti-hyper Cholesterol Action of a RYR based Formulation

Recently, European Authorities imposed that any product for daily consumption shall provide less than 3 mg of monacolins from red yeast rice (RYR). This obliges to find new formulations able to guarantee an effect on cholesterol levels close to that performed by 10 mg of monacolin K. Two different formulations based on chitosan and xanthan gum containing 10 mg of lovastatin from RYR and a combination of lovastatin (3 mg) from RYR and annurca apple extract (AC), respectively, were compared to verify their anti-hyper cholesterol action in terms of inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase enzyme, protection of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) from oxidation and total free cholesterol depletion. Results highlighted that the combination of RYR and AC represents a valid alternative to the use of high dose of monacolin K. Indeed, formulations containing both nutraceuticals showed a significantly higher activity in terms of inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase, antioxidant activity towards both HDL and LDL and depletion of free cholesterol
Passive Gravity Compensation for Parallel Mechanism With Both Spatial Translations and Angular Orientations

Passive compensation has been proven to be effective in reducing gravitational joint loads and improving the output capability of mechanisms. Existing methods for passive compensation are not satisfactory in terms of mechanism complexity and implementation convenience, while cases with variable angular orientations are more complicated. This letter presents a feasible design to achieve approximate compensation for multi-DOF parallel mechanisms with both translations and orientations. The counterweights employed to provide vertical forces are connected with the moving platform by 2T1R stands and pantographs as external components. Conventional approaches using springs or counterweights in the chains are also calculated for comparisons. By contrast, the proposed method is easy to be realized and possesses strong robustness to orientations. Finally, an experimental prototype is implemented to verify the performance. The results show that the maximum torques and energy consumption are reduced by 49.44% and 78.08% for the translation mechanism, respectively, and by 35.77% and 43.43% for the rotation mechanism.
A Novel High-Isolation Positive-and-Negative-45-Degree Dual-Polarization 5G mmWave Micro Base Station Antenna

In this paper, a slot-coupled dual-polarization micro base station antenna based on a vertical feed structure is proposed. The structural design of the double-layer patch allows the antenna to have two resonance points. When the resonance points are close to each other, the bandwidth of the antenna is increased. Four circular metal through-holes (or via holes) are used to improve the impedance matching of the antenna, resulting in an operating bandwidth of 24.14-29.08 GHz with voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of less than 1.5. The antenna also has a high isolation of less than -30 dB. In addition, the cross-polarization performance of the antenna exceeds 15 dB, which meets the standards of base station antennas. At the same time, the antenna has a low profile feature, with a thickness of 1.3 mm (about 0.11λ at 26 GHz) and a compact size of 6 mm × 6 mm ( about 0.52λ × 0.52λ at 26 GHz ). This antenna has the potential for large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) applications.
Evaluating Soil Carbon Efflux Responses to Soil Moisture and Temperature Variations in Brazilian Biomes

Changes in soil moisture and temperature can directly influence soil carbon emissions, which can add carbon to the atmosphere and make the greenhouse effect more intense. In this sense, research is needed that contributes to this knowledge and that simulates future scenarios, allowing actions to be taken in advance. Thus, an experiment was set up in which carbon dioxide efflux was collected over a period of one year in three Brazilian biomes, Cerrado, Pantanal, and Cerrado-Amazonian Ecotone, and to verify the influence of soil moisture, leaf area index and litter, multiple regression models were carried out. Correlation analyses were performed, and subsequently, sensitivity analyses were conducted for possible efflux increase sowing to 2ºC and 10% decreases or increases in soil temperature and moisture, respectively, simulating possible climate change scenarios. The results showed that of the three study areas, the Cerrado forest was most resistant to changes in these variables, and the correlation between the carbon efflux and the variables, soil temperature and moisture, were positive and significant for Cerrado and Pantanal.
Discovery and Matching Numerical Attributes in Data Lakes

In data platforms with thousands of data tables available for exploration, users often need to retrieve some data based on limited knowledge of the data sources and schema. The task that automates retrieving attributes from an online data lake given a set of entities from users is called “entity augmentation”. The key for successful entity augmentation is an accurate construction of semantic relationships between data tables. Current techniques either focus on retrieving categorical values or numerical values with pre-defined rules. Further, they assume there are meta-data available for each table, such as texts and tags. In this paper, we introduce a semantic graph for numerical data augmentation that (i) matches columns with similar semantic relationships without any meta-data from the tables; (ii) infer the conversion rules among different numerical columns based on the values. The approach is designed to be highly scalable and parallel for large-scale data lakes with millions of large datasets. We also propose efficient algorithms to construct the semantic graph on a distributed computing environment (i.e. Spark) and conduct numerical data augmentation using the graph. Through comprehensive experiments on real-world datasets, the approach is shown to (1) achieve better accuracy on semantic matches and value conversions and (2) scales to the tractable computation time on large-scale data. Finally, we also present an interface to apply the semantic graph for real-world scenarios.
Smoking Geographies: Space, Place and Tobacco

Smoking Geographies provides a research-led assessment of the impact of geographical factors on smoking. The contributors uncover how geography can show us not only why people smoke but also broader issues of tobacco control, providing deeper clarity on how smoking and tobacco is ‘governed’. •The text centres on one of the most important public health issues worldwide, and a major determinant of preventable mortality and morbidity in developed and developing countries •Records the outcomes of a long-term research collaboration that brings a geographical lens to smoking behaviour •Uncovers how geography can play a part in understanding not only why people smoke but also broader issues of tobacco control •Provides a deeper understanding of how smoking and tobacco is ‘governed’, regarding where people may smoke, but also more subtle governance as a climate is produced in which smoking becomes ‘denormalised’ •Brings both quantitative and qualitative perspectives to bear on this major source of mortality and morbidity
The Digital Comic as a Study Tool for Caribbean Computer Science Students: A Pilot Study

Despite the proven efficacy of digital comic books (digital comics for short) as an educational tool in various instructional settings across North America and Europe, there is a noticeable lack of studies examining their impact within the English-speaking Caribbean context. This paper aims to fill this gap by exploring digital comics in a West Indian educational setting, specifically in tertiary-level Computer Science in Barbados. The findings from our pilot study, present a complex picture. While students generally viewed comics positively and agreed on their potential as effective learning tools, the majority did not actually use the comic book for studying. Furthermore, these students did not report a better understanding of the subject compared to those who used traditional study materials.
Volunteer Tourism in Namibia

Volunteer tourism is a growing market, already having been recognised by several travel guides. Only limited research has yet been undertaken to create an understanding of this phenomenon. In order to analyse the international volunteer sector in Namibia, a survey via standardised questionnaire was carried out amongst 341 international volunteers in 2007/08. Following a five point criteria catalogue three volunteer tourism-projects were identified, employing 92 of the interviewed volunteers. Furthermore 20 expert interviews were conducted. Between these projects the degree of commercialisation varied widely. Volunteer tourism combines elements of single-, adventure-, nature- and activity vacations. It addresses primarily young adults who request a special, intensive and exotic adventure abroad. In contrast to the basic altruistic idea of volunteering, the motivation of volunteer tourists often arises from hedonistic aims.
The population dynamics and parameter of growth and mortality of Sillago sihama in the Minnan-Taiwan fishing grounds

The population structure,characters of growth and mortality of Sillago sihama collected by bottom trawl in the southern Taiwan Strait during 2001~2003 were studied, and S.sihama population dynamics discussed using ecological parameters. The results showed that the fork length of S.sihama population ranged from 65 to 237mm, 131~150 mm being predominant,and the mean value was 134.5 mm. The body weight ranged from 5 to 110g, 11~30g being predominant,and the mean value was 26.1g. The age ranged from 0 to 3 years, 1 year being predominant,and the mean value was 0.91 year. The parameters of growth were as follows: L∞=260.89 mm, W∞=153.81g, k=0.6614, t0= -0.6158, tr=0.847 4; the coefficient of total mortality was 2.772 8, the coefficient of natural mortality was 1.300 4 and the coefficient of fishing mortality was 1.472 4, the exploitation rate was 0.531 0.Compared with data of 1992~1993,the population have been miniaturized in size,low-aged, and excessively exploited.The input-output of fishing in this fishing ground was enhanced continuously, the actual annual yield has exceeded their maximum sustainable yield and maximum sustainable fishing efforts for the last 13 years since 1994, and the juvenile fishes were captured heavily,resulted in over-exploitation of both benthic and near bottom fishes including S.sihama. Therefore, it is suggested that protection and management of the fish resources should be intensified, and effective measures should be taken to control the input-output of fishing and the capture size. In the current situation that fishing output and fishing efforts exceed the surplus output of fishery resources,the "negative increase" strategy must be taken to restore the fishery resources and then achieve sustainable development and sustainable use of fish stocks.
Agricultura inteligente en México: Analítica de datos como herramienta de competitividad

Para garantizar la competitividad del sistema agroalimentario a nivel mundial, es necesaria la creación de infraestructuras físicas y cibernéticas que permitan una agricultura inteligente: autogestionada y sostenible, aprovechando las nuevas tecnologías de la información y comunicación. En el presente artículo presenta la importancia de la tecnología y la big data en la agricultura y se examina el estado del arte y la diferenciación de la agricultura inteligente y la agricultura de precisión. El estudio concluye con la importancia de aplicación de la analítica de datos a través de inteligencia de agronegocios, con base en los datos abiertos agrícolas para la producción de cultivos hortofrutícolas en México durante el periodo 2018-2019, como la producción del aguacate, jitomate y los frutos del bosque, pudiendo destacar su desempeño gracias a la implementación de agricultura inteligente.
Study on High-efficiency Agro-ecology Economic System in Changwu Experimental Demonstration Region

On the base of gully region characteristics of Loess Plateau,Changwu Wangdonggou experimental demonstration,the author explores the optimum mode of agricultural industry structure, and adjusts agricultural industry structure.The tribasic structure of planting, fruit and by product were developed from single structure in the "7th Five Years Plan"period. It has built adoption of high yield,drought resisting measures depending on annual precipitation.It is to realize potential high yield of food, and then food lives up to self support, perfects development tech system of gully slope land resource,and sets the system of erosion resisting gully slope road and enhances its productivity. To realize high quality fruit engineering advances agricultural economic development. Income per capita of local people reached to 2 523 in 2001. The eco environment was significantly improved, such as forestry and grass cover ration is 45%,and control cover degree of soil and water conservation reached 95%, andsoil erosion module below 800 t/(km 2·a). It has explored a way of harmonious humans, resources and environment development.
Valorization of Wastes Generated in Organic Grape Processing

: The development potential of byproducts from wastes of grape processing can be a promising alternative due to environmental questions. Moreover, there is the possibility of using this material in the development of products with added value. In this study, the wastes of grape skin (GSk), grape seed (GSe), and defatted grape seed with skin fragments (DGS) from ‘Ives noir’ grape ( Vitis labrusca L.), grown under organic farming conditions, had their chemical composition and physical-chemical properties evaluated
Modeling of Underwater Electromagnetic Communication Channel Near the Seabed Based on the Goos—Hänchen Shift

Electromagnetic (EM) wave is one of the effective carriers to realize communication between nodes of seabed observation network. However, due to the complexity of computational models, there are few targeted communication channel models in existing studies. In this paper, a modeling method for underwater EM wave propagation near the seabed is proposed based on the Goos-Hänchen (GH) shift. The results of this model's numerical simulation are in good agreement with those of the traditional two-layer media model. The derivation process of this method corresponds to the EM wave propagation process and has a clear physical meaning. Additionally, the channel responses are obtained. The channel model presented in this paper has important value for underwater EM communication near the seabed.
Predicting PD-L1 status of esophageal cancer from H&E images based on FusedNet model

For esophageal cancer immunotherapy, Programmed Death Ligand-l (PD-LI) is considered a predictive biomarker. However, immunehistochemistry (IHC) methods used to quantify PD-LI are challenged by high cost, time and variability. In contrast, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining is a reliable method commonly used in cancer diagnosis. By employing advanced deep learning techniques, this study demonstrates the feasibility of predicting PD-LI expression from H&E stained images. With the help of pathologists, a dataset is constructed to evaluate the validity of PD-LI prediction in esophageal cancer by H&E using the FusedNet model. In 227 patients, PD-LI status is systematically predicted. Consistent prediction performance is demonstrated through validation of the validation set, proving that the system can be used as a decision support and quality assurance system in clinical practice.
Nitrate Removal Characteristics of Nitrate-reducing Bacteria Pseudomonas sp. XS-18 at Low Carbon-to-nitrogen Ratio

Low carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratios are the main characteristic of domestic waste-water. In this study, we evaluated the nitrate removal characteristics of Pseudomonas sp. XS-18 at low C/N ratios (4.0 and 6.0) and pH 11.0. We also analyzed the causes of the nitrate removal at low C/N ratios in this strain. At pH 11.0 and a C/N ratio of 4.0, the strain was effective in removing nitrate. Additionally, the total organic carbon content decreased over time at low C/N ratios, requiring more energy to complete vital activities. Furthermore, low C/N conditions resulted in less strain secretion compared to high C/N settings, and the polysaccharide content degraded more quickly than protein over time. To provide a carbon source for the nitrate reduction process, strains with low C/N ratio and high pH secreted more soluble microbial by-products. This strain is able to metabolize its own secreted extracellular polymeric substances as a carbon source to enhance nitrate removal.
Calorimetric and microbiological evaluation of bacteria after exposure to food preservation treatments

Thermal and non-thermal food preservation treatments affect cellular components of foodborne microorganisms that cause physiological changes in cells and eventually death of bacteria. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermograms of whole bacterial cells display thermally-induced transitions revealing the response of bacteria to heat under linearly increasing temperature condition. Therefore, DSC of the whole microbial cells can allow the detection in vivo of changes in their cellular components including ribosomes, nucleic acids, proteins and cell envelopes. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of physical and chemical treatments on microorganisms based on the changes in thermal stability (Tm) of the cellular components and the total apparent enthalpy (∆H) from the calorimetric data. To compare with DSC data, the viability data from microbiological methods (plate counting) was also evaluated. The viability and the change in the thermal stability of individual transitions of Escherichia coli and Lactobacillus plantarum were evaluated after pre-heating in the DSC to various temperatures. The fractional viability based on calorimetric data [(∆H∆Hf)/(∆H0-∆Hf)] and plate count data (N/N0) showed a linear relationship. Viability loss and the irreversible changes in DSC thermograms of whole cells pre-treated in DSC to various temperatures were highly correlated between 55 and 70C. Comparison of DSC