Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Responses of tree-killing bark beetles to a changing climate.

combinations of phenotypic plasticity, genotypic variation and physiological thresholds yield a broad range of conditions under which adults emerge synchronously, and thus can mass attack trees. Th ere is likewise strong evidence that severe drought reduces tree defences against attack. Drought stress can occur through lower precipitation and/ or higher temperatures that reduce soil moisture and/or raise vapour pressure defi cit. We also delineate three categories of range modifi cations: increased and more persistent establishment in areas where trees experienced only intermittent exposure historically; establishment in areas dominated by host species but where local populations experienced little or no pressure historically; and movement into new areas containing susceptible species that have not been exposed previously. Each of these has been documented for bark beetles. Trees in areas that experienced minor or no exposure generally had lower defences than their more historically exposed counterparts. However, there can be lags in beetle Abstract
Employee Commitment in Virtual Teams: State of the Art and Research Directions

: The digital era has revolutionized the modern workplace, bringing forth new challenges and opportunities that impact employee commitment. This paper aims to provide a thorough examination of the existing literature on employee commitment in virtual teams while offering valuable insights for future research. By conducting an in-depth analysis of remote teams, digital communication platforms, trust dynamics, communication patterns, and work-life balance within virtual work settings, this review paper reveals the intricate interplay between technology and employee commitment. Drawing upon compelling research findings, it demonstrates how affective commitment, emotional attachment, and organizational identity are strongly influenced by these factors. Furthermore, this review highlights the pressing need for further investigation into the complex relationship between remote working technology and employee commitment. By addressing these knowledge gaps, this study offers practical implications for businesses and paves the way for future research endeavours in this field.
Reflexão ética sobre a teleconsulta

Resumo As tecnologias da informação e comunicação têm influência cada vez maior na área da saúde, sendo o aumento significativo do recurso à teleconsulta um reflexo disso. Os benefícios que essa modalidade de prestação de serviços de saúde ocasiona são inquestionáveis, a começar pelo facto de auxiliarem a enfrentar os desafios contemporâneos que assolam os sistemas de saúde em todo o mundo. Todavia, a sua crescente utilização vem sublinhar a importância de salvaguardar questões éticas relacionadas com a autonomia, equidade, privacidade e qualidade da relação entre o utente e o profissional de saúde. Este artigo pretende estimular uma reflexão acerca dos desafios éticos que se colocam antes, durante e após o uso da teleconsulta, com o intuito de otimizar e modelar a sua utilização.
Mental Geography, Wonky Maps and a Long Way Ahead

Spatial and geographic cognition are not only important for designing mapping and mobile applications, they also underlie, at a metaphorical and neurological level, many other aspects of abstract and digital reasoning. Digital maps need to respect this rich human understanding of space, which is not always found in the Cartesian regularity of standard maps. Instead it is often embodied in quirky and irregular local maps and effective use of these alongside 'standard' maps is not only good for interaction, but can also be a statement of community empowerment. These and other issues are being explored in the author's ongoing practical work on mobile local heritage applications and a three month, 1000 mile, IT-focused walk around the entire periphery of Wales. Author Keywords maps, mental models, local empowerment, mobile user interfaces ACM Classification Keywords
Role of Transpiration in the Recharge/Discharge Process of an Aquifer System Underlying Open Eucalypt Forest in Wet/Dry North Australian Tropics

An experimental design and the preliminary results of a three year assessment program to determine the partitioning of natural groundwater discharge processes between lateral discharge (ie throughflow) and vegetation transpiration for an undeveloped aquifer system near Darwin NT, are described. The significance of this assessment to the study area is that outcomes will assist in the consideration of a range of groundwater exploitation options that exist for the aquifer system. These exploitation options may alter the frequency and duration of the seasonal recharge to the aquifer system thereby causing possible alteration of the plant water availability to the overlying Eucalypt forest.
Progress in the study of FOXO3a interacting with microRNA to regulate tumourigenesis development

FOXO3a is a protein of the forkhead box family that inhibits tumour cell growth. One of the regulatory modes affecting the role of FOXO3a is microRNA targeting and degradation of its mRNA expression, and conversely, aberrant expression of FOXO3a as a transcription factor also influences microRNA levels. We summarized the results of the regulatory interactions of twenty-five microRNAs with FOXO3a in five types of malignant tumours and found that dual microRNAs synergize with FOXO3a to inhibit breast cancer cell growth including two groups; Three individual microRNAs collaborated with FOXO3a to restrain hepatocellular carcinoma progression; Twelve individual microRNAs antagonized FOXO3a to promote the development of a single tumour cell, respectively; and five microRNAs antagonized FOXO3a to contribute to the progression of more than two types of tumours. The above findings demonstrated the tumour suppressor effect of FOXO3a, but another result revealed that miR-485-5p and miR-498 inhibited the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by antagonizing FOXO3a when acting in combination with other long-stranded non-coding RNAs, respectively, suggesting that FOXO3a at this moment plays the function of promoting the tumour progression. The PI3K/AKT, Snail, VEGF-NRP1, and Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathways perform crucial roles in the above process. It is anticipated that the above studies will assist in understanding the effects of FOXO3a-MicroRNA interactions in cancer genesis and development, and provide new perspectives in the treatment of malignant tumours.
Current Ripple Reduction Employing the Reactor of DC–DC Converter to Have Variable Inductance through Magnetic Saturation

When DC distribution grids with different voltage levels are connected, harmonic currents flow into the grid under light load conditions, which is a significant cause of grid instability. In this paper, we proposed a method to reduce the current ripple at light load by designing a bidirectional DC–DC converter reactor to have an inductance variable according to the load power capacity. The inductance is varied using magnetic saturation and implemented in three ways: two magnetic circuits in one magnetomotive force (MMF) circuit, a single magnetic circuit in one MMF circuit, and two magnetic components with different magnetic permeability in one MMF circuit. The feasibility is verified through simulation and experiments targeting the 750 and 380 V DC grid connection. The operating characteristics and efficiency are compared and analyzed by applying the existing and proposed variable reactor to a bidirectional DC–DC converter.
LIFE: Enceladus Sample Return Mission Concept for Searching Evidence of Life

IMPORTANCE OF SAMPLE RETURN •Permit in-depth atomic level detailed analyses •Samples analyzed by the best possible laboratory methods •Samples analyzed by many groups synergistically •Analysis methods not limited by present technologies •Analysis methods not limited by pre-conceived plans •Samples are long term resource to science community •STARDUST captured and retained organics & cometary Glycine •Enables experiments on samples to search markers for “life” •Important to effective planning for future “life search” missions Features
Avaliação de Recursos para Formigas em Diferentes Sistemas de Produção de Café

The aim of this study was to test the variation of resources for ants in four coffee systems: organic, conventional, agroforestry and organic agroforestry. The amount of resources was evaluated in three microhabitas: arboreal (tree species number and coffee canopy size), epigeic (litter and organic matter content) and hipogeic (soil density and organic matter content). There was no difference between systems, except for the coffee canopy size, which was larger in agroforestry systems and organic agroforestry. The plant species diversity, the surrounding vegetation and the systems management could have homogenized the systems. A higher ant species richness could cause a better pest control. Based in the present study it is not possible to verify that agroecological systems are more efficient concerning the potential pest control.
Hurricanes and the Caribbean Spiny Lobster (Panulirus argus) Fisheries Los Huracanes y las Pesquerías de la Langosta Espinosa Panulirus argus Les Ouragans et les Pêcheries de la Languste Panulirus argus

Caribbean spiny lobster fisheries grew, peaked, and declined while affected by at least two hurricanes annually. These atmospheric disturbances can cause significant losses of life and property on land, but their effects on underwater ecosystems seem to be limited to sediment disturbances, runoffs, damage to coastal marine nurseries, and uncertain effects on larval connectivity. During the development of the fisheries the harvested fractions of the populations were small and the parental stocks produced enough recruits to compensate for the combined negative effects of fishery and hurricanes, but when fisheries declined after reaching overdevelopment, the diminished populations could not cope. This argument of declining landings resulting from a combined negative hurricane-fishery mechanism fails in the self- sustained and isolated Brazilian spiny lobster fishery which also grew, peaked, and declined in total absence of hurricanes. This exception of the second largest Caribbean spiny lobster fishery leaves mismanagement as the fundamental common cause for the present regional condition of all Caribbean spiny lobster fisheries. Excessive fishing effort, elimination of more than seven million juvenile lobsters annually, and ongoing violations of closed seasons and size limits are the fundamental causes of decline, but recuperation is possible by reducing fishing effort and developing adequate protection measures agreed to and enforced on a regional basis.
Phenology, leaf and yield production patterns of sweet pepper under irrigated seasonal dry lowlands conditions, Papua New Guinea

Under seasonal irrigated dry-lowland conditions in Papua New Guinea (PNG), phenological parameters of three sweet pepper cultivars were quantified using thermal time after transplanting (°CdAT). First flowers appeared at 500-600 °CdAT, while green fruit maturity for harvest averaged 1200 CdAT. Increase in leaf numbers and crop height were initially slow before increasing linearly from 400-800 CdAT, after which leaf production and plant height rates declined at 800-900°CdAT. Reduction of leaf production and plant height was attributable to assimilate distribution in favour high fruit production over vegetative structures and flower production. Fresh weight of marketable fruits was similar across cultivars; nevertheless, New Ace produced 87% of marketable fruit yield (but lower total yield) than Giant Bell and Wonder Bell, which had 74% and 80%, respectively. This study is complemented by investigating internal competition for photosynthate in sweet pepper to improve crop management practices for enhanced fruit retention and yield quality.
ECOLOGICAL LEVEL OF GROUNDWATER IN THE HAIHE RIVER VALLEY

This paper defines the concept of the ecological level of goundwater in the Haihe River valley. In the light of the specific conditions in different region: the foreplain, the middle plain and the eastern plain closing to the sea, and the differences of the exploitation and the utilization in the present situation, the paper deals with the different ecological groundwater levels in the depth and in the shallow, and puts forward the measure of keeping and returning the groundwater level.
Marine and Nonmarine Gas-Bearing Rocks in Upper Cretaceous Blackhawk and Neslen Formations, Eastern Uinta Basin, Utah: Sedimentology, Diagenesis, and Source Rock Potential

The Upper Cretaceous Blackhawk and Neslen Formations in the eastern Uinta basin contain large amounts of thermogenic gas that was generated from interbedded humic-rich source rocks. The geometry and distribution of hydrocarbon source and reservoir rocks are controlled by depositional environment. The Blackhawk, composed of laterally extensive sandstone and locally interbedded carbonaceous siltstone and minor coal, reflects deposition in nearshore marine and backshore environments. The Neslen contains organic-rich siltstone and mudstone with lesser amounts of carbonaceous shale, coal, and lenticular sandstone that formed in coastal and lower alluvial-plain depositional settings. Potential reservoir sandstones are composed dominantly of monocrystalline quartz grains and sedimentary lithic fragments. Mechanical compaction during early burial was followed by the precipitation of quartz, carbonate, and barite later in the burial history. Variations in porosity and permeability (2-10%; < 1 md) reflects the presence of authigenic clay, mineral cements, and dissolved lithic grains. Natural fractures, cemented with carbonate, barite, and kaolinite, occur locally. Active hydrocarbon generation occurred in the Neslen and Blackhawk during the Oligocene and Miocene when these units were near their maximum burial depth and temperature. The rate of hydrocarbon generation decreased from the late Miocene to the present, owing to widespread cooling that occurred in response to regional uplift and erosion associated with the development of the Colorado Plateau. Temporally equivalent rocks in other areas of the basin may have experienced similar diagenetic and hydrocarbon generation histories.
Effectiveness of Bariatric Surgery in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case Report and Literature Review

Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and obesity represent major global health burdens and economic costs to healthcare systems. T2DM management is challenging due to multiple comorbidities and limited drug efficacy. Bariatric surgery has emerged as an effective treatment approach. A 65-year-old man with refractory obesity (BMI > 35 kg/m2) and poorly controlled T2DM underwent gastric bypass surgery in 2018. Prior to surgery, medication noncompliance and dietary measures failed to achieve adequate glycemic control or weight loss. Postoperatively, the patient lost 20 kg and achieved improved T2DM control (HbA1C reduction), allowing complete cessation of diabetic medications. The patient's case demonstrates bariatric surgery's potential to significantly alter the clinical course of obesity and T2DM versus standard care. National guidelines outline eligibility criteria for bariatric referral; however, utilization rates remain low (<1%) despite over two million eligible individuals in the United Kingdom. Improved access could reduce disease burden and healthcare costs from diabetes complications over the long term. This case report provides a real-world example supporting bariatric surgery as an effective intervention for appropriately selected patients with obesity and uncontrolled T2DM, with the potential to improve clinical outcomes and lower costs associated with diabetes management.
Assessing the efficacy of modified Marshall scoring system in severity assessment of acute pancreatitis in comparison to Ranson score at tertiary centre

Background: Early determination of severity of acute pancreatitis is essential for prediction of prognosis and proper treatment selection. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Modified Marshall scoring system in evaluating severity in acute pancreatitis at admission. Methods: A hospital based prospective observational study was conducted at SMS medical college, Jaipur from May 2019 to September 2021 with a sample size of 60 patients. Modified Marshall Score and Ranson’s score were done at admission and 48 hours respectively for same patient. Results: Most patients (31.66%) were among age group 31-45 years (mean age 43.95±16.28 years) with slight female (51.55%) preponderance. The mean hospital stay was 4.883±3.405 days with maximum mortality in first week (6/8). All patients with mild pancreatitis under Modified Marshall score were discharged uneventfully while patients with severe pancreatitis, 8 (25%) died. Respiratory system failure (48.33%) was most commonly involved followed by renal (16.66%) and cardiovascular system (11.66%). Single organ failure (35%) had no mortality while 2/3 patients with all three-organ system failure died. The AUC value of ROC curve (0.863) (p<0.001) showed that Modified Marshall score is a significant predictor for severity of acute pancreatitis. The correlation coefficient was strongly positive and statistically significant (p<0.001) for the relationship between Ranson’s score, Modified Marshall score and hospital stay. Conclusions: Modified Marshall Score is simple and equally effective tool for predicting severity and prognosis early in the course of disease. Therefore, it prevents delay in aggressive treatment of critically ill patient and would contribute to decrease mortality.
Imaging by Forward Propagating the Data - Theory and Application

In conventional acoustic media based imaging the source wavefield is correlated with the adjoint of the receive wavefield. This requires an estimation of the source and does not image surface multiples in smooth velocity models. Forward propagating the data instead of the source, despite the potential crosstalk, results in comparable images at no additional cost. It also relieves us from the need to estimate the source for the forward problem. The recorded source wavefield embedded in the data given by the direct arrivals has the potential, as well, to provide a more accurate account of the source and the near surface effects. In addition, extracting the direct arrivals from the recorded data is much easier than extracting the primaries needed to image multiples. We show some of these features on the Marmousi dataset, and the results are promising.
The Influence of Sleep Disorders on Neurobiological Structures and Cognitive Processes in Pediatric Population with ASD and Epilepsy: A Systematic Review

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and epilepsy are increasingly prevalent comorbidities in our society. These two disorders are often accompanied by other comorbidities, such as sleep disorders, significantly impacting the quality of life of individuals with ASD and epilepsy. To date, clinical approaches have primarily been descriptive in nature. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the relationship between ASD, epilepsy, and sleep disorders, exploring neurobiological dysfunctions and cognitive alterations. A total of 22 scientific articles were selected using a systematic literature review following the criteria established using the PRISMA model. The selected articles were gathered from major databases: Medline, PubMed, PsycINFO, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. Inclusion criteria specified that study participants had an official diagnosis of ASD, the article precisely described the evaluation parameters used in the study participants, and individual characteristics of the sleep disorders of the study participants were specified. The results indicate, firstly, that the primary cause of sleep disorders in this population is directly linked to abnormal serotonin behaviors. Secondly, significant alterations in memory, attention, and hyperactivity were observed. In conclusion, sleep disorders negatively impact the quality of life and neurocognitive development of the pediatric population with ASD and epilepsy.
WORKING PAPER

Increased conflicts between timber production and environmental protection led some analysts to advocate land-use segregation, often referred to as forest management zoning. The objective of zoning is to create ecologically desirable non-fragmented forest reserves and group timber production areas. We formulate an integer programming model of forest zoning that explicitly addresses clustering of spatial units allocated to timber production and reserve zones while also promoting separation of these zones. A tabu search algorithm is developed, implemented and tested using a case study. The case study results indicate that up to 5% of the net financial return is sacrificed with a 'satisfactory' grouping of units within each zone. A 'good' separation between the reserves and timber production zone is achieved at the cost of further decline of the net financial return up to 11% relative to the unconstrained case.
Ground truthed performance of single‐and dual‐polarized radar rain rates at large ranges

Radar accuracy in estimating qualitative precipitation estimation at distances larger than 120 km degrades rapidly because of increased volume coverage and beam height. The performance of the recently upgraded dual‐polarized technology to the NEXRAD network and its capabilities are in need of further examination, as improved rainfall estimates at large distances would allow for significant hydrological modelling improvements. Parameter based methods were applied to radars from St. Louis (KLSX) and Kansas City (KEAX), Missouri, USA, to test the precision and accuracy of both dual‐ and single‐polarized parameter estimations of precipitation at large distances. Hourly aggregated precipitation data from terrestrial‐based tipping buckets provided ground‐truthed reference data. For all KLSX data tested, an R(Z,ZDR) algorithm provided the smallest absolute error (3.7 mm h−1) and root‐mean‐square‐error (45%) values. For most KEAX data, R(ZDR,KDP) and R(KDP) algorithms performed best, with RMSE values of 37%. With approximately 100 h of precipitation data between April and October of 2014, nearly 800 and 400 mm of precipitation were estimated by radar precipitation algorithms but was not observed by terrestrial‐based precipitation gauges for KLSX and KEAX, respectively. Additionally, nearly 30 and 190 mm of measured precipitation observed by gauges were not detected by the radar rainfall estimates from KLSX and KEAX, respectively. Results improve understanding of radar based precipitation estimates from long ranges thereby advancing applications for hydrometeorological modelling and flood forecasting. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of the Steaming on Eucalyptus camaldulensis Lumber Drying Collapse Recovery

As an excellent raw material for floor and high-quarlity furniture,Eucalyptus camaldulensis lumber is hard to be dried and most drying defects are collapsed and split.In this paper,steaming is used to recover the collapsed Eucalyptus lumber and collapse coefficient is proposed as an index of the collapse severity.The results show:The cross-sectional area and height collapse coefficient of 20 mm thick board decrease from 25.1% to 5.87% and from (25.5%) to 6.36%,respectively.The cross-sectional area and height collapse coefficient of (25 mm) thick board decrease from 22.85% to 5.34% and from 23.2% to 5.28%,respectively.Most collapse recovery happens in the early stage of steaming and correlates with MC change strongly.Steaming is a promising method to recover collapsed lumber and should be studied further.Some advices are also given for the further study.