Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Superovulatory responses using pregnant mare serum gonadotropin hormone in Murrah buffalo cows

Superovulation plays an important role in embryo transfer program. A preliminary study carried out in the Research Institute for Animal Production evaluated superovulatory responses in Murrah buffalo cows using pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) hormone. The three buffalo cows were estrus synchronized using 5 ml prostaglandin (PGF) twice, with an interval of 11 days. PMSG was injected intra-muscularly 3000 IU on day-10 after estrus. Prostaglandins were administered 48 hours after PMSG injection. Fixed-Time artificial insemination (FTAI) was carried out at 72 hours after the last PGF treatment. Administration of hCG 2 ml/head was given at the time of FTAI. A non-surgery flushing was performed on day 6 after FTAI. Parameters observed using ultrasonography (USG) were diameter of follicle (DFL), total follicle (TFL), and number embryos (NE). Data were analyzed descriptively. The mean of DFL before PMSG treatment was 8.2 mm and after PMSG treatment was 12.5 mm. The mean of TFL before PMSG treatment was 7.7 and after PMSG treatment was 16.1. The NE obtained was one degenerative embryo. Superovulation using PMSG increased TCL and DFL. It can be concluded that the Murrah buffalo cows superovulated by PMSG showed a good response but no transferable embryo was found.
An Adaptive Stacked Denoising Auto-Encoder Architecture for Human Action Recognition

In this paper, a stacked denoising auto-encoder architecture method with adaptive learning rate for action recognition based on skeleton features of human is presented. Firstly a Kinect is used for capturing the skeleton images and extracting skeleton features. Then an adaptive stacked denoising auto-encoder with three hidden layers is constructed for unsupervised pre-training. So the trained weights are achieved. Finally, a neural network is constructed for action recognition, in which the trained weights are used as the initial value, covering the random value. Based on the experimental results from the Kinect dataset of human actions sampled in experiments, it is clear to see that our method possesses the better robustness and accuracy, compared with the classic classification methods.
Disruption thermal load mitigation with shattered pellet injection on the Joint European Torus (JET)

Disruption mitigation remains a critical, unresolved challenge for ITER. To aid in addressing this challenge, a shattered pellet injection (SPI) system was installed on JET and experiments conducted at a range of thermal energy fractions and stored energies in excess of 7 MJ. The primary goals of these experiments were to investigate the efficacy of the SPI on JET and the ability of the plasma to assimilate multiple pellets. Single pellet injections produced a saturation in total radiated energy (W rad) with increasing injected neon content, suggesting total radiation of stored thermal energy. Further increases in injected neon quantities resulted in reduced cooling times and current quench (CQ) durations, indicating higher impurity assimilation. No significant variation in CQ duration or W rad was observed when varying the deuterium content at fixed neon quantities. Higher assimilation, inferred by shorter CQ durations, was measured when a mechanical punch was used to launch the pellets and this was attributed to a lower pellet velocity leading to higher solid content in the pellet plume and larger fragments penetrating deeper into the plasma. Radiation asymmetries averaged over the cooling time were inferred from Emis3D and ranged from 1.6 to 1.9. Asymmetries averaged over the entire disruption sequence were found to increase at higher thermal energy fractions. The radiated energy fractions decreased with increasing thermal energy fractions but this trend was eliminated when toroidal asymmetries were accounted for with Emis3D. Pure deuterium pellets were able to produce cooling times of up to 75 ms with a gradual loss in thermal stored energy of up to 80%. Experiments with multiple pellet injection indicated W rad can be increased through pellet superposition and density can be increased with an additional D2 injection without a reduction in W rad. KPRAD modelling accurately reproduced the cooling times and the CQ duration at high thermal energies. Assimilation estimates from KPRAD indicated CQ rates scale strongly whilst W rad scales weakly and saturates with assimilated neon content. Comparable W rad can be achieved with lower assimilated neon quantities as longer cooling times are attained. Thus reduced neon content can be preferential in a thermal load mitigation scheme as it may reduce radiation asymmetries and prevent flash melting.
Research on the Controlling Process in Autonomous Driving

With the development of science and technology, self-driving automobile will become increasingly available in the future, and our lives will become more convenient with them. Autocar is in an area of robotics, belonging to the service field. It can be used to make our lives better and reduce the cost of human driving the car, thus will have a great effect on human’s life. However, people do not understand the mechanism of self-driving quite clearly, it is necessary to present some basic operating process and related algorithms of the automatic cars. Meanwhile, in order to show how a self-driving car could control itself using various sensors and algorithms, which is also the basic idea of the automobile company to make a new autocar. Different sensors that are able to detect the behavior of the self-driving cars are used in this paper to fit in different algorithm that follows the principles of motion and robotics. It is concluded that the car could theoretically drive safely, and could avoid crashing to other cars, people or barriers with the safety algorithm. Also, the car could follow the traffic rules properly and plan the most efficient route to get to the final location.
Effect of protease in diets containing winged bean seeds (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) on growth performance of broiler chickens

This study aims to determine the effect of adding protease enzyme in diets that contains different levels of winged bean seeds on the growth performance of broiler chickens. In this study, a total of 240 one-day-old chicks were randomly grouped within six treatments and four replicates in a 3×2 factorial arrangements. The first factor was the level of winged bean seeds at 0%, 2.5%, and 5%, while the second was the enzyme treatment with and without protease. The results showed that the additive protease interaction and level of winged bean seeds on the diet had a significant effect on the feed conversion ratio value (P<0.05). Meanwhile, on the feed inateke, final, and body weight gain had no significant effect (p>0.05). Furthermore, the protease treatment significantly decreased feed intake in 35-day old broilers. (P<0.05). Based on these results, the addition of protease enzyme at the levels has the potential to offset the effect of winged bean seeds on growth performance of broiler chickens.
EIA in developing countries: How does environmental impact assessment (EIA)/(AMDAL) support neoliberal mining? (a case study in Indonesia)

Amdal regulation on mining exploitation according to Law No. 32 of 2009 aims to protect and manage the environment properly. This research reveals the paradox of EIA at the micro level (a case study) supporting the neoliberal agenda and facilitating economic development. This study aimed to explore how the practice of compensation for agricultural land at the scoping stage in the preparation of mining Amdal documents. The research was conducted in Mulawarman village, Kutai Kartanagara district, East Kalimantan province in the period 2004-2013. Historically, in the 2004-2013 period, Kutai Kartanegara Regency was the most massive in issuing mining business permits in Indonesia. The results of the study indicate that there was weak legal protection for agricultural land owners and unequal negotiation practices between companies and land owners without government supervision. The practice of compensation is a development tool rather than an environmental protection tool.
Gaseous ozone to improve quality of corn as feedstuff

In the long term, fungi attacks will cause a decrease in the quality of corn during storage. In this case, Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus have become a serious concern related to food safety because of their ability to produce aflatoxins which are toxic to humans and animals. Nowadays, feed industries use fungicides to control fungal infections before the storage period due to their affordability, but the chemical residues are detrimental to our health. Therefore, an alternative method was needed to prevent and control fungi and aflatoxin formation in corn. One of the potential methods to apply is the gaseous ozonization. This research was conducted to investigate the potential of ozone in preventing fungal attacks and aflatoxin formation in corn, assuring that the corn quality can be maintained during the storage period. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of ozone on maintaining the quality of corn during storage, especially to reduce fungi colonies and aflatoxin formation. The experimental design used in this study was a completely randomized design with two treatment factors, namely temperature (20, 30, and 40°C) and exposure time (30 and 60 minutes). Corn quality parameters observed include moisture content, total fungal, moldy kernels, damaged kernels, and aflatoxin (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, AFG2) contamination. The results showed that ozone treatment had an effect on reducing total fungal and aflatoxin contamination in corn, however, it had no effect on the moisture content, moldy kernels, and damaged kernels of corn. The optimum effect was obtained when the ozonization was conducted at a temperature of 20°C for 60 minutes exposure time, which results in the highest reduction in total fungal and total aflatoxin contamination of 36.77% and 92.45% respectively.
Effects of 2D Online and 3D Virtual World Meeting Spaces on the Performance of a Concept Selection Task by Engineering Design Teams

This research investigates engineering design teams’ performance of a concept selection task in three meeting spaces: face-to-face, 2D online and 3D virtual world. Cisco Systems’ WebEx and Sun Microsystems’ Wonderland were used as the 2D online meeting space and the 3D virtual world, respectively. Twenty-four two-person design teams were formed and randomly assigned to one of the three meeting spaces. The teams performed a cell-phone concept selection task in the meeting space to which they were assigned. Four dependent variables were measured: task completion time, team satisfaction, self-evaluated process quality and expert-evaluated process quality. Following data collection, one-way ANOVA was used to analyze each variable to determine the differences, if any, among the meeting spaces. ANOVA results did not support rejection of the null hypothesis for any variable. These results suggest that 3D virtual worlds support design concept selection as well as 2D online meeting spaces and that both of these technologies are viable alternatives to co-located meetings when it is difficult or expensive to bring team members together for a co-located meeting.
Variant alpha and beta biodiversity of the genus in dadiah through deep sequencing 16S Ribosomonal RNA genes

Dadiah is a traditional spontaneous fermentation of buffalo milk from West Sumatra that doesn’t go through pasteurized stages. The aim of the study is to find out the biodiversity of α and β diversity of the microbiota in the level of the genus in dadiah. The V3 -V4 hypervariable region of the 16 S rRNA deep sequencing was used to the detected genus of bacteria. The available data were analyzed by Alpha Diversity (richness and evenness) and Beta Diversity (Taxonomy Chart Heatmaps). These studies revealed that the most divergent sample is appropriate to C3 with Shanon diversity Index 2.014; meanwhile, the most evenness fit in to B4 with the Simpson diversity index of 0.573. Further, the highest value of the heatmap taxonomic chart on the B4 sample has its place in Lactococcus. There were differences in dadiah microbiota composition among the samples based on different areas. Each sample was found Lactococcus and Lactobacillus with the largest populations.
Detection of GHR|AluI gene polymorphism and its association with body weight of Madura cattle in Indonesian Beef Cattle Research Station

Madura cattle is a one of the native cattle that are genetically tolerant of tropical climates. Madura cattle are one of the beef cattle breeds in Indonesia. Madura cattle can be a superior breed, but improving growth trait in Madura cattle needs to be conducted. The early step that was needed was for detecting the genes which were involved in growth traits. The purpose of this research was for detecting GHR gene polymorphisms and its association with body weight of Madura cattle population in Indonesian Beef Cattle Research Station. This study used 110 DNA samples of Madura cattle that was collected from the experimental barn at Indonesian Beef Cattle Research Station. DNA samples were extracted by DNA extraction kit. Genotype of GHR gene was detected by PCR-RFLP method using AluI restriction enzymes. In this study, association genotype and body weight was analysed by univariate GLM method. The birth weight, weaning weight, yearling weight and 18 months weight of Madura cattle were 16.8±0.3 kg; 82.4±2.3 kg; 124.6±3.7 kg and 166.7±5.0 kg, respectively. The GHR genes of Madura cattle had 3 genotypes AA, AG and GG and genotype frequencies of GHR gene were 0.273 (AA), 0.373 (AG), 0.355 (GG), respectively. Whereas the allele frequencies of A was 0.459 and the allele frequencies of G was 0.541. Based on Chi-square (X2) analysis showed that the population sample was not disequilibrium. The result of association analysis was significant (P <0.05) on weaning weight, yearling weight and 18 month weight. It was concluded that the GHR gene has potential as a genetic marker for growth traits and can be used as MAS in Madura cattle in Indonesian Beef Cattle Research Station.
Plasma etch challenges with new EUV lithography material introduction for patterning for MOL and BEOL

As feature critical dimension (CD) shrinks towards and beyond the 7nm node, patterning techniques for optical lithography with double and triple exposure will be replaced by EUV patterning. EUV enables process and overlay improvement, as well as a potential cost reduction due to fewer wafer passes and masks required for patterning. However, the EUV lithography technique introduces newer types of resists that are thinner and softer compared to conventional 193nm resists currently being used. The main challenge is to find the key etch process parameters to improve the EUV resist selectivity, reduce LER and LWR, minimize line end shrink, improve tip-to-tip degradation, and avoid line wiggling while still enabling previous schemes such as trench-first-metal-hard-mask (TFMHM), self-aligned via (SAV) and self-aligned contact (SAC). In this paper, we will discuss some of the approaches that we have investigated to define the best etch process adjustments to enable EUV patterning. RF pulsing is one of the key parameters utilized to overcome most of the previously described challenges, and has also been coupled with stack optimization. This study will focus on RF pulsing (high vs. low frequency results) and bias control (RF frequency dependence). In particular, pulsing effects on resist morphology, selectivity and profile management will be reported, as well as the role of aspect ratio and etch chemistry on organic mask wiggling and collapse. This work was performed by the Research Alliance Teams at various IBM Research and Development Facilities.
An Assessment of Ethics and Code of Conduct: Compliance in Secondary Institutions in Nigeria

This research investigates the professional code of ethics and conduct in Educational assessment in Nigeria secondary schools. This is to rework the behavior of the members within the teaching profession in which ethics help to keep up law and order in schools. The purpose is to examine the major professional code of ethics and conduct of the teaching profession in secondary school. The study used a survey research design, the study consisted of a sample of 200 respondents, and the study also used simple random sampling techniques in selecting the sample for the study. The questionnaire was used to collect data from the respondents. The Cronbach alpha reliability coefficient was 0.7. The data collected were analyzed using SPSS software. The result in hypothesis 1 showed that [t (198) = 0.82; p>0.05]; The result in hypothesis 2 showed that [t (2, 247) = 0.362; p>0.05]; hypothesis 3 showed that [t (198) = 1.55; p>0.05]; and hypothesis 4 showed that [t (198) = 1.19; p>0.05]. Consequent upon these, the causes attributed to the inability of the management to enforce code of ethics through continuous professional development and ethics training, and the solutions proposed. Its main interest is to effect compliance with the code of ethics and conducts among teachers in secondary schools and to encourage teachers to reflect on the professional development of ethics they have acquired through training. Based on the findings, it was concluded that effective compliance with the code of ethics and conduct among teachers in secondary schools in the anecdotal record of the training acquired. It was recommended among others that compliance with the code of conduct and ethics ensure that Institutions promote an environment of academic integrity in strengthening public trust in their effectiveness and ethics in steering forward the sustainability of the educational development, teaching, and learning outcome.
International Workshop on Piezoelectric Materials and Applications in Actuators Special Session : Electrocaloric Materials & Devices

Electrocaloric effect (ECE) refers to reversible temperature and entropy changes induced by variations of applied fields in insulation materials. Electrocaloric cooling emits zero greenhouse gases and EC cooling devices with large ECE materials have the promise of higher efficiency operation than the vapor compression cycle cooling technologies. The large interest in EC research in recent years owes to the findings of large ECE, i.e., ΔT > 12 oC in ceramic thin films and polymers since 2006. This talk will review large ECE in ferroelectrics reported and EC cooling devices in the literature after 2006. The results reveal a key barrier in transitioning EC materials to high performance EC cooling devices: lack of EC materials that generate large ECE, ΔT > 5 K, at electric fields that can be reliably operated in EC devices. This talk will present two recent EC materials breakthroughs, showing the potential of ferroelectrics in generating large ECE (ΔT > 10 K) at fields for reliable operation of EC devices, which are far below the electric breakdown fields. Practical air conditioning and refrigeration require cooling systems with tons of cooling power and long operation life. The EC cooler working body is essentially electrical capacitors. A critical barrier for transiting high performance lab scale EC coolers to practical cooling systems is the electric breakdown at these large scale cooling devices. The strategies developed in the capacitor industry for mitigating electric breakdown of capacitor banks which can be used in large scale EC devices will be discussed briefly. Special Session Abstracts Digital Book Of Abstracts Dr. David Schwartz Research Director, Cleantech PARC Email: david.schwartz@parc.com
A Review on Cyber Security and Cyberattacks

: The cybercrimes have become very common and the c yber-attack is the buzzword in today’s world. Cybercrimes are increasing every hour and the intensity of loss is also increasing rapidly. To provide security to defend cyber-attacks has become more important phenomena in this digital world. Ensuring cyber-security is a verycomplex task, it requires a thorough understanding of the attacks, attackers mind and the capability of analyzing the possibility of threats. The main challenge of cybersecurity is the progressive nature of the attacks. The proposed paper is an attempt to present the importance of cyber-security with associated various risks that are present in the current digital world. The study was done on the different cyber-attacks and the results shows the intensity of these different attacks.In this paper the various cyber-security threats are presented with the MLA (machine learning algorithms) that can be applied to analyze cyber-attacks
Significance and prospects for growth for individuals , communities , and food systems

Community supported agriculture (CSA) is an alternative way of supplying food based on direct interaction between producers and consumers. As an alternative food network (AFN) and a form of civic agriculture, it is considered a more sustainable way of food production and consumption compared to the conventional food system. The number of CSA initiatives has been increasing in the last few decades worldwide parallel to growing scholarly debates about its usefulness, viability, and potential. This article contributes to the review of: 1. The impacts of CSA on individuals and communities, including motives for involvement and benefits received, 2. The impacts of CSA on food systems, particularly on sustainability, 3. The barriers and opportunities for CSA growth. We conclude that CSA addresses the needs for sustainable and ecologically sound food and contributes to community building by reconnecting urban and rural places and people with their food. It is also an active position against the unsustainable dominant food systems and shows a different way of caring for the planet and the people. However, in order to grow, CSA needs to overcome certain barriers, namely, financial difficulties, unrealistic member expectations, and the need for social justice by providing livelihoods for the farmers and becoming more inclusive in terms of race, income, and gender. The COVID-19 crisis presented an opportunity for CSA to become more effective as the CSA initiatives demonstrated resilience during lockdowns and the demand for their products increased. Review Methodology We searched Science Direct and Scopus using the following terms: ‘community supported agriculture’, ‘community shared agriculture’, ‘civic agriculture’, ‘alternative food’. Based on the abstracts, we selected the articles from peer reviewed journals that were directly related to the focus of this article, i.e., the impacts of community supported agriculture on individuals, communities, food systems, and sustainability; motives for involvement; benefits; and barriers/difficulties. We gave priority 1) to the articles that comprised more than one of these themes, and 2) had higher number of citations. The articles on COVID-19 were selected from the interactive database COVID-19 and Food Systems