Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Computer-aided design of bus route maps

ABSTRACT The bus route map is a diagram that aims to convey necessary information for map readers to find an appropriate way of moving from an origin to a destination. Design of bus route map is a complicated and time-consuming task that requires careful consideration of readability and aesthetics. This paper proposes a new computational method for designing bus route maps. The method helps us to reduce six types of undesirable elements in bus route maps, i.e., gap, shift, crossing, overlap, misalignment, and acute bend. The method consists of two phases: line layout phase determines the relative order of bus routes on each road segment and map layout phase calculates the actual position of bus routes drawn on a map. This paper applies the method to the design of bus route maps of Chiba City, Japan. The result supports the effectiveness of the method as well as reveals open topics for future research.
Community-wide oral health promotion in the Pitkäranta district of Russian Karelia : a case study

The aim of this study was to describe the planning, implementation and evaluation of a community-wide programme of oral health promotion that begun in 1993 in the Pitkaranta district of Russian Karelia. Baseline analysis of the community included clinical dental examinations and questionnaire surveys which were carried out in the same way as in the Finnish reference areas, Kuopio and Jyvaskyla, in 1992. In addition, interviews of stomatologists and dentists, observations at local shops, kiosks, schools and dental clinics, and determinations of fluoride levels in drinking water were carried out in the Pitkaranta district. Previous information on oral health and its determinants among children in the Republic of Karelia was sought in the literature, from local statistics and from patient documents in the Pitkaranta district. Community analysis at baseline revealed that in the Pitkaranta district the occurrence of dental diseases was high. Behaviours related to oral health were generally unfavourable, and professional prevention at dental offices was practically non-existent. Therefore, the results of the baseline analysis of the community in 1993 called for an intervention with emphasis on enhancing healthy lifestyles, reorienting the methods of action of the system of oral health care towards health promotion and prevention of diseases, creating a supportive environment and empowering community actions as suggested in the Ottawa Charter. The goal was to achieve at least the same level of oral health as that found among children in the Finnish reference areas. In the 2001 follow-up, community oral health was analysed with the methods used in 1993. The results of the follow-up community analysis were used to monitor the changes in 1993–2001 and to assess the strengths and weaknesses of the programme. The improvements in oral health and in oral health-related behaviours among children as well as other developments in the community were impressive. Some oral health-related behaviours, such as frequent use of sugary snacks, non-daily use of fluoridated toothpaste and increasing smoking among adolescents, called for further actions.
Predictions of the 1997 strong earthquakes in Jiashi, Xinjiang, China

A sequence of strong earthquakes occurred in Jiashi County, Xinjiang, China (40°N, 77°E, population 280,000) in 1997, after a 10-month quiescence following a Ms 6.9 earthquake on 19 March 1996 in the same area. From 21 January 1997, through 18 October 1997, 15 earthquakes occurred with Ms ≥ 5.0, seven of which with Ms ≥ 6.0. Such sequences of strong earthquakes are rare around the world, but have occurred six times in the land area of China during this century. Of the 15 Ms ≥ 5.0 earthquakes in the Jiashi sequence, eight fell within the predicted 7-day time windows of a total of 8 short-term and imminent-stage predictions, but the initial shocks of the sequence (January 21, Ms 6.4, 6.3) were not predicted. Three of the eight predictions made were not fulfilled, one of which was announced to the public (a false alarm). Four of the remaining five predictions were acted on by local authorities and the public was notified 2.5 h to 4 days before the earthquakes, which caused no deaths. One earthquake (April 11, Ms 6.6) struck 30 min after the prediction was made but before action could be taken by the local authorities, and it caused nine deaths. These predictions were based on composite observations of precursory anomalies in seismicity, electromagnetic fields, and crustal deformation, which were in turn compiled over the past 30 years in a nationwide earthquake monitoring program. Examples of precursory anomalies include: (1) a clear seismicity pattern of “quiescence—intensification—main shock(s)” was observed for the April 6 earthquakes (Ms 6.3, 6.4), which was previously applied to the prediction of the well-known 1975 Haicheng earthquake in Laoning, China; (2) distinct decreases in b-values preceded the earthquakes on March 1 (Ms 6.0) and April 6 (Ms 6.3, 6.4); (3) anomalous variation of geomagnetic vertical component preceded the April 6 earthquakes (Ms 6.3, 6.4); (4) sudden decreases in borehole strain preceded 8 of the earthquakes.
Neo-Exoticism Discourses in Indonesian Online Media: Normalizing Cultural Tourism Regime amid Market Economy

This article explores the construction of neo-exoticism discourses in Indonesian online news media. Drawing on online news media research, we show how the transformation of ethnic cultures in Banyuwangi, East Java, Indonesia were positioned as the basis of various tourism events using the representation theory with the discursive constructionist approach. We focus on how some Indonesian online news media reported and positioned Banyuwangi Festival through quotations of government’s official’s statements and descriptions of cultural events that emphasize the transformation of ethnic cultures to meet national and global tourism markets. In doing so, Indonesian online news media actively produced, promoted, and distributed discourses of neo exoticism by emphasizing the beauty of certain of traditional rites, fashions, and arts in various carnivals and festivals. In addition, the media constructed neo-exoticism discourses as a formulas to popularize cultural and touristic events which proved to be beneficial, economically, for local people. However, we argue that broadcasting neo-exotic narratives also created online news media discursive subjects that normalize tourism regimes as managed by the cooperation of government and investors.
Statistical downscaling modeling with quantile regression using lasso to estimate extreme rainfall

Rainfall is one of the climatic elements with high diversity and has many negative impacts especially extreme rainfall. Therefore, there are several methods that required to minimize the damage that may occur. So far, Global circulation models (GCM) are the best method to forecast global climate changes include extreme rainfall. Statistical downscaling (SD) is a technique to develop the relationship between GCM output as a global-scale independent variables and rainfall as a local- scale response variable. Using GCM method will have many difficulties when assessed against observations because GCM has high dimension and multicollinearity between the variables. The common method that used to handle this problem is principal components analysis (PCA) and partial least squares regression. The new method that can be used is lasso. Lasso has advantages in simultaneuosly controlling the variance of the fitted coefficients and performing automatic variable selection. Quantile regression is a method that can be us.
Water Quality Profile of Sg. Langat

This study was conducted between August and December 1985 in order to assess polluting effects from different landuse patterns. Nine sampling sites were chosen over a distance of 60 km. A number of physical and chemical parameters were analysed. Statistical tests and Water Quality Index were used to evaluate the water quality variation. The result shows that relatively high BOD, suspended solids, electrical conductivity and turbidity occurred after Hulu Langat town. The statistical test indicated that the water quality variation is significantly different (p < 0.05); the Water Quality Index shows that the water quality near Kajang town has deteriorated compared to other stations.
What makes work better or worse? An analytical framework

This article seeks to advance our thinking about better and worse work by developing a novel framework for assessing the quality of work and its implications. It does so in terms of the wider literature on job quality, while addressing the need to embrace a broader agenda and a more dynamic understanding of how to make worse work better. To this end it presents a three-dimensional framework: risk, autonomy and expressiveness. The framework assesses better and worse work and the ways in which workers navigate between these different dimensions of their lives at work. We explore implications for actor strategies and for researchers to take a better-work agenda forward.
Medical image fusion based on multi-scale co-occurrence filter and ResNet152

A medical image fusion algorithm based on multi-scale co-occurrence filter and ResNet152 is proposed. Firstly, the source image is decomposed through a multi-scale co-occurrence filter, which can effectively preserve edge structure information while obtaining detail and contour information at different scales. Using ResNet152 to extract source image features and generate initial weight maps for the base layer. Obtain the entropy map of the source image through the entropy function, and combine it with the initial weight map to generate a weight map. Used for basic layer image fusion, improving image contrast. In detail layer fusion, the introduction of the maximum symmetric surround saliency algorithm is used to extract salient feature of the intermediate base layer image. The obtained salient feature map is processed through guided filter to obtain weight map, and the detail layer images are weighted and fused to effectively utilize detail information. Finally, the fusion images of the basic layer and the detail layer are reconstructed to obtain the fusion image. The experimental results show that compared with existing fusion methods, the proposed method achieves better results in both subjective and objective evaluations.
Interaction between critical wedge geometry and sediment supply in a deep-water fold belt

The late Miocene–Holocene deep-water fold-and-thrust belt of offshore northwestern Borneo displays one of the most acute angles recorded for a submarine critical-taper wedge. The very low surface (1°–2.5°) and basal detachment (2°–5°) dips require basal pore-fluid pressures near lithostatic pressure for the wedge to propagate at such angles. In the deep-water environment, sedimentary processes act against the wedge attaining critical taper. In places of lower sedimentation rates, the fold-and-thrust belt extends to the base of the slope and dips ∼1.5°–2.5°. In areas of the highest sedimentation rates (Baram Delta), the slope has a lower angle (1°) and the slope continues beyond the limit of the fold-and-thrust belt. Slope morphology changes along the margin from concave up (relatively low sedimentation rate, low shortening rate), to convex up (relatively high sedimentation rate, low shortening rate), to stepped (relatively low sedimentation rate, high shortening rate).
Potential vision tester using adaptive optics, Maxwellian view, and small pupil

We demonstrate a free-space, trolley-mounted potential vision tester (PVT), designed to study and improve the accuracy of visual acuity (VA) measurements in the aging eye. Key features include a high-resolution visual display presented in Maxwellian view, a 3 mm pupil to limit wavefront (WF) aberrations, and a moderate cost deformable mirror to induce or correct higher order optical aberrations. The visual display supported accurate measurement of visual acuities down to 20/5. The moderate cost, piezo deformable mirror induced seven nominal aberrations, calibrated as 0, -0.32, -0.23, + 0.27, and +0.39 microns spherical aberration; + 0.49 microns Y coma; and -0.51 microns X coma. A custom Hartmann Shack (HS) calibration (HSc) system demonstrated that induced aberrations were repeatable and stable. A Badal optometer provided the coarse focus. WF aberrations were measured for five normal subjects with a commercially available HS device (HSP) (OCULUS Pentacam AXL Wave), providing estimates of WF errors for 3 mm and other pupil sizes. VA was measured using four alternative forced-choice for a single black on white E stimulus in each trial. Using the method of constant stimuli yielded robust standard deviation measurements. The 50% fit for VA plotted against induced aberration resulted in linear functions for each subject for the range of our positive and negative spherical aberration data. Subjects differed, but higher order terms were unnecessary to describe data across spherical aberrations.
Content and process: organizational conflict and decision making

The foundational work in the Carnegie perspective established conflict as endemic to organizations and a driver of organizing behavior and decision making. Organizations as a system of coordinated action among interdependent individuals and groups with different preferences, interests, information, or knowledge create the potential for pervasive and ongoing latent goal conflict. At the same time, extant psychology research has devoted considerable attention to identifying the content and intensity of conflict, focusing on the relationship between different types of conflict and their impact on group outcomes. The Carnegie perspective also assumes that the need for joint decision-making and the differences in goals or perception of reality are never fully resolved. As a result, it has paid attention to the processes through which conflict is addressed - by attending sequentially to goals, decentralizing information, accumulating excess resources, and forming coalitions rather than formal mediating procedures. The assessment of the psychology and organizational theory research also suggests that future work focusing on organizational conflict as latent, situated, and dynamic would enable greater clarity on how organizations make decisions.
“Click Chemistry”: An Emerging Tool for Developing a New Class of Structural Motifs against Various Neurodegenerative Disorders

Click chemistry is a set of easy, atom-economical reactions that are often utilized to combine two desired chemical entities. Click chemistry accelerates lead identification and optimization, reduces the complexity of chemical synthesis, and delivers extremely high yields without undesirable byproducts. The most well-known click chemistry reaction is the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of azides and alkynes to form 1,2,3-triazoles. The resulting 1,2,3-triazoles can serve as both bioisosteres and linkers, leading to an increase in their use in the field of drug discovery. The current Review focuses on the use of click chemistry to identify new molecules for treating neurodegenerative diseases and in other areas such as peptide targeting and the quantification of biomolecules.
Features of formation of sea surface slicks video images

The paper deals with surface slicks, their nature and the reasons of formation in the context of remote detection and investigation of dynamic processes in the ocean, as well as at the ocean-atmosphere system. We introduce a simple formalism of formation of contrasts between slick and free sea surface, which takes into account water leaving radiance and qualitatively explains the results of field measurements. The paper gives the results of experimental studies on the registration of slick spots on the surface of coastal waters. Together with the proposed simplified formalism we provide optimal conditions for registration of contrasts between the slick and the free sea surface: the measurement of contrast of P component of the reflected radiation should be taken at angles close to the horizon.
Knowledge of self-care and complications of diabetes mellitus among diabetes mellitus patients in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a progressive disease that compromises the quality of life of the victims. Patients knowledge about diabetes mellitus self-care is vital in achieving targeted glycemic control and minimizing complications of the disease. However, there are limited studies in Ethiopia on the subject to guide interventions. Hence, this paper aimed to assess knowledge about diabetic self-care and complications among diabetes mellitus patients in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional study design was employed. A structured questionnaire was used to assess knowledge; participants who responded correctly to at least 6 of the eight questions were classified as having good knowledge about the complications and those who answered <6 questions correctly were classified as having poor knowledge. Participants who correctly responded to [≥]30 of the 37 self-care questions were classified as having good knowledge about diabetes self-care; those who correctly responded to <30 questions were classified as having poor knowledge. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify associated factors. Result: Overall, 202 (51.7%) of the study participants had good knowledge about the complications, and 279 (71.4%) of the participants had a good knowledge of self-care. Receiving diabetic education was a significant modifiable factor for having poor knowledge about both the complication (AOR= 3.078(1.323,7.160)) and the self-care (AOR=7.645(3.153,18.538)). Conclusion: About half (51.7%) of the participants had good knowledge about the complications, and about three in four (71.4%) had good knowledge about self-care. Receiving diabetic education was significantly associated with both complication and self-care knowledge status. Focusing on the quality and quantity of the information that is delivered to diabetes mellitus patients can improve the quality of care and the outcome.
Longitudinal changes in DNA methylation associated with clozapine use in treatment-resistant schizophrenia from two international cohorts

The second-generation antipsychotic clozapine is used as a medication for treatment-resistant schizophrenia. It has previously been associated with epigenetic changes in pre-clinical rodent models and cross-sectional studies of treatment-resistant schizophrenia. Cross-sectional studies are susceptible to confounding, however, and cannot disentangle the effects of diagnosis and medication. We therefore profiled DNA methylation in sequential blood samples (n=126) from two independent cohorts of patients (n=38) with treatment-resistant schizophrenia spectrum disorders who commenced clozapine after study enrolment and were followed up for up to six months. We identified significant non-linear changes in cell-type proportion estimates derived from DNA methylation data - specifically B-cells - associated with time on clozapine. Mixed effects regression models were used to identify changes in DNA methylation at specific sites associated with time on clozapine, identifying 37 differentially methylated positions (DMPs) (p < 5x10-5 ) in a linear model and 90 DMPs in a non-linear quadratic model. We compared these results to data from our previous epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) meta-analysis of psychosis, finding evidence that many previously identified DMPs associated with schizophrenia and treatment-resistant schizophrenia might reflect exposure to clozapine. In conclusion, our results indicate that clozapine exposure is associated with changes in DNA methylation and cellular composition. Our study shows that medication effects might confound many case-control studies of neuropsychiatric disorders performed in blood.
The impact of juvenile hypothyroidism on stature

Short stature with different alterations in the skeletal appearance usually results from juvenile hypothyroidism. The present case-control study was conducted to assess the effect of thyroid hormone deficiency on the height of young people and the prevalence of short stature in juvenile hypothyroidism. The research was conducted at the Al-Waffa Diabetic Centre between May and September 2022. The study group included 90 children with short stature, while the control group included 58 children. The statistical analysis was conducted using Minitab version 20. The results revealed that a low serum level of triiodothyronine (T3) was present in 2.2% of participants, while a low serum level of thyroxin (T4) was present in 36.7%. All subjects had elevated serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). Female children had increased rates of short stature. Juvenile hypothyroidism results in various skeletal manifestations, including reduced height. Low serum thyroxin coupled with high serum thyroid stimulating hormone are common findings in juvenile hypothyroidism.
CTIVA: Censored time interval variable analysis

Traditionally, datasets with multiple censored time-to-events have not been utilized in multivariate analysis because of their high level of complexity. In this paper, we propose the Censored Time Interval Analysis (CTIVA) method to address this issue. It estimates the joint probability distribution of actual event times in the censored dataset by implementing a statistical probability density estimation technique on the dataset. Based on the acquired event time, CTIVA investigates variables correlated with the interval time of events via statistical tests. The proposed method handles both categorical and continuous variables simultaneously—thus, it is suitable for application on real-world censored time-to-event datasets, which include both categorical and continuous variables. CTIVA outperforms traditional censored time-to-event data handling methods by 5% on simulation data. The average area under the curve (AUC) of the proposed method on the simulation dataset exceeds 0.9 under various conditions. Further, CTIVA yields novel results on National Sample Cohort Demo (NSCD) and proteasome inhibitor bortezomib dataset, a real-world censored time-to-event dataset of medical history of beneficiaries provided by the National Health Insurance Sharing Service (NHISS) and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). We believe that the development of CTIVA is a milestone in the investigation of variables correlated with interval time of events in presence of censoring.