Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Semantic Peculiarities of Antonyms _based on the works by I.Yusupov_

The article depicts stylistic features of antonyms in English and Karakalpak languages, through analyzing comparatively, and to note stylistic peculiarities, lexical and semantic features of antonyms in English and Karakalpak languages. Also, the some peculiarities of antonyms are described based on the work by the Karakalpak writer I.Yusupov. The semantic, comparative and descriptive analysis method was used to express the differences of antonyms in these languages. Furthermore, the article suggests some ways and techniques of teaching antonyms that can be effective in the foreign language teaching process.
Enzyme‐Catalyzed Carbonyl Olefination by the E. coli Protein YfeX in the Absence of Phosphines

The Wittig‐type carbonyl olefination reaction has no biocatalytic equivalent. To build complex molecular scaffolds, however, C−C bond‐forming reactions are pivotal for biobased economy and synthetic biology. The heme‐containing E. coli protein YfeX was found to catalyze carbonyl olefination by reaction of benzaldehyde with ethyl diazoacetate under aerobic conditions in the absence of a triphenylphosphine oxophile. The reaction was performed in whole cells and showed a product formation of 440 mg L−1 in 1 h. It was, moreover, shown that the reaction could be performed under Wittig‐analogue conditions in the presence of triphenylphosphine or triphenylarsine.
Immunohistochemical Study of a Correlation between Pemphigus Vulgaris Activity Score and Stem Cell Control

Background: Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is a potentially life-threatening autoimmune blistering disease. PV autoantibodies disrupt desmosomal adhesion and cause acantholysis. Previous researches have shown that stem cells are indirectly involved as a result of desmoglein deficiency. Leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 (LGR5) as a follicular stem cell marker was evaluated in aim to correlate its intensity of expression with disease severity. Objective: To correlate LGR5 intensity of expression with disease severity. Patient and methods: This prospective cross sectional study was carried out on 20 PV patients. Patients were subjected to complete history taking, general, dermatological examination and assessment of disease severity by the Pemphigus Vulgaris Activity Score (PVAS), histopathological and immunohistochemical expression of LGR5 were done. Results: All studied cases showed positive cytoplasmic basal LGR5 expression in patchy manner. 75% of cases had mild intensity of expression, 15% had moderate intensity and their Histo (H) score ranged from 50-130 with Mean ±SD 110±18.92. There were no significant correlation between PVAS scores ''skin, mucosa and total involvement'' and H score of LGR5 expression. Conclusion: The current study could shed a new light on the disease and its correlation with stem cells, LGR5 as a stem cell marker could be related to the healing process in PV. However, it didn't correlate PVAS scores either in skin, mucosa or total involvement.
DIGITAL INNOVATION IN PROCESS MANAGEMENT

The logistics management business process of contractual support of a freight transportation service is being developed with options for business development from a basic freight transportation service to an integrated transport and logistics service of the 3PL level and the prospect of transition to a 4PL service. The lack of studies regarding the innovative impact to logistics management defines the research gap. Taking into account the strategic priorities of the target digital models of the transport and logistics business, the logistics management requires innovative solutions in business models regarding the issues of contractual support. The research question could be treated as investigating the innovative changes in business models driven by a smart contracting system in the company as a component of the business information architecture. The article examines the features of business processes in the age of digitalization taking into account the digital transformation of several key aspects of the theory of general economic and functional management. The practical significance of the study is due to the innovational aspects of the modern management procedures using the digitalization tools. The purpose of the article is to create a precedent for justifying a strategic decision to adapt a business to the conditions of digital transformation in the case of Russia. The idea concept and the solutions that implement it are disclosed meaningfully on the example of organizing the transport and logistics business of JSC RZD (Russian Railways), its digital business model. The basis of the system operation is determined by a smart contract, which serves as a digitalization tool for the management business process of contractual support for logistics service. Future research may consider the developing open innovation concept in relation to a smart-contracting system created for the transport and logistics business forms including a precedent for the development of an intelligent management system operating on the principles of self-execution globally and in Russia.
Neutral Isn’t Neutral: An Analysis of Misinformation and Sentiment in the Wake of the Capitol Riots

Misinformation and Sentiments: An Analysis of Twitter in the Week After the Capitol Riots Daniel Walsh January 6th, 2021 was a significant moment in the history of the United States of America. Protestors stormed the Capitol building over the results of the 2020 presidential election in which Joseph R. Biden defeated incumbent president Donald J. Trump. The Capitol riots were partially incited by the presence of misinformation on social media and was an example of the power misinformation has. This study presented two questions. Question one pertains to the sentiment analysis of verified Twitter users and their sentiment towards Trump. Question two pertains to analyzing tweets from verified accounts for misinformation between the dates of January 6th, 2021 and January 13th, 2021. To answer these questions, a machine learning sentiment analysis was conducted on 13 randomly selected Twitter accounts with noted liberal and conservative political leanings to assess their sentiment towards Trump. The accounts were analyzed and then categorized as being either anti-Trump or Trump-neutral. Once the accounts were appropriately categorized a collection of their tweets mentioning Trump were documented to create a consecutive day sample to examine their reporting and analyze how misinformation differed between the two. The results of this study show that one, sentiment analysis is a useful tool for examining and categorizing tweets and their overall accounts based on their sentiments and two, that there was a notable difference in the spread of misinformation between the two categories.
Selection for Action: The Medial Frontal Cortex Is an Executive Hub for Stimulus and Response Selection

Abstract This EEG study investigates the electrophysiological activity underlying processes of stimulus and response selection, and their executive orchestration via long-range functional connectivity under conflict condition, in order to shed more light on how these brain dynamics shape individual behavioral performance. Participants (n = 91) performed a modified flanker task, in which bilateral visual stimulation and a bimanual response pattern were employed to isolate the stimulus and response selection-related lateralized activity. First, we identified conflict-related markers of task-relevant processes; most importantly, the stimulus and response selection were evidenced by contra–ipsilateral differences in visual and motor activity, respectively, and executive control was evidenced by modulations of midfrontal activity. Second, we identified conflict-related functional connectivity between midfrontal and other task-relevant areas. The results showed that interregional phase synchronization in theta band was centered at the midfrontal site, interpreted here as a “hub” of executive communication. Importantly, the theta functional connectivity was more robust under the condition of increased demands for stimulus and response selection, including connectivity between the medial frontal cortex and the lateral frontal and motor areas, as well as cross-frequency theta–alpha coupling between the medial frontal cortex and contralateral visual areas. Third, we showed that individual differences in the measured conflict-related EEG activity, particularly the midfrontal N2, theta power, and global theta connectivity, predict the behavioral efficiency in conflict resolution.
Evolutionary History and Stress Regulation of Plant Receptor-Like Kinase/Pelle Genes

Receptor-Like Kinase (RLK)/Pelle genes play roles ranging from growth regulation to defense response, and the dramatic expansion of this family has been postulated to be crucial for plant-specific adaptations. Despite this, little is known about the history of or the factors that contributed to the dramatic expansion of this gene family. In this study, we show that expansion coincided with the establishment of land plants and that RLK/Pelle subfamilies were established early in land plant evolution. The RLK/Pelle family expanded at a significantly higher rate than other kinases, due in large part to expansion of a few subfamilies by tandem duplication. Interestingly, these subfamilies tend to have members with known roles in defense response, suggesting that their rapid expansion was likely a consequence of adaptation to fast-evolving pathogens. Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) expression data support the importance of RLK/Pelles in biotic stress response. We found that hundreds of RLK/Pelles are up-regulated by biotic stress. Furthermore, stress responsiveness is correlated with the degree of tandem duplication in RLK/Pelle subfamilies. Our findings suggest a link between stress response and tandem duplication and provide an explanation for why a large proportion of the RLK/Pelle gene family is found in tandem repeats. In addition, our findings provide a useful framework for potentially predicting RLK/Pelle stress functions based on knowledge of expansion pattern and duplication mechanism. Finally, we propose that the detection of highly variable molecular patterns associated with specific pathogens/parasites is the main reason for the up-regulation of hundreds of RLK/Pelles under biotic stress.
Can engaged Employees Help Create Positive Organizational Behaviour? Impact of Employee Engagement on Organizational Citizenship Behaviour

Organizations have always been interested in understanding what employees feel about their jobs, and how willing are they to dedicate and invest time and energy in the organization. Two constructs, which have very strongly resonated with managers, are employee engagement and organizational citizenship behaviour. Both engagement and citizenship behaviour are considered to have important organizational outcomes. This study, therefore, tested the relationship between employee engagement and organizational citizenship behaviour in a sample of 123 professionals from the telecom sector through a self-administered survey. Factor analysis was done to validate the employee engagement scale. Correlation and multiple regression analyses were performed to determine the relationship between employee engagement and organizational citizenship behaviour. The results indicated two dimensions of engagement, namely, vigour and dedication, as significant predictors of organizational citizenship behaviour. However, no support was found for the relationship between absorption dimension of engagement and organizational citizenship behaviour. Discussion and direction for future research and practice are also provided.
Dividend Policy and Recession Periods: Evidence in the Brazilian Capital Market

Objective: To observe the dividend distribution behavior of Brazilian stock market [B]³ listed companies, comparing periods of expansion and recession in the Brazilian economy. Method: Two panel data models were carried out, with the payout index and the dividend yield index as dependent variables and a dummy classified as 1 for years of economic recession and 0 for years of economic rise as an independent variable. In addition, the financial leverage, size and earnings per share control variables were added to the model. Originality/Relevance: The study addressed the distribution of dividends according to the cycle of the Brazilian economy, which makes the research original, since no similar studies were found. Results: Regardless of the proxy used for dividend distribution, companies increase dividend distribution in periods of recession, when there is greater market uncertainty. Regarding the control variables, for the model estimated using the proxy payout index, all variables were significant, while for the model that has the proxy dividend yield as a dependent variable, earnings per share were not significant. Theoretical/Methodological contributions : Identification of the economic aspect in the dividend policy of Brazilian companies and in the creation of value for shareholders in periods of economic recession.
Prediction value of IVIM Combining with BOLD-MRI in Diabetic Kidney Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study

Background Noninvasive evaluation of hypoxia and fibrosis in kidney simultaneously by functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to predict the prognosis of patients in prospective diabetic kidney disease (DKD) cohort has not been reported. We aim to assess the prediction value of blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) MRI and intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) diffusion-weighted image (DWI) in the prognosis of DKD.Methods 77 patients with diabetes mellitus (67 with DKD) were enrolled in this prospective cohort study in single center. BOLD-MRI and IVIM-DWI were used to assess renal hypoxia and fibrosis. A well-validated, reproducible method called twelve-layer concentric objects (TLCO) was applied to quantify the R2* values of BOLD (corresponds to oxygenation) and D values of IVIM (corresponds to fibrosis) derived from MRI. All patients received standard medical care according to guideline during study and followed up for 24.8 ± 12.6 months. The primary end points were serum creatinine (Scr) increasing > 30%, ERSD, or death.Results Our data demonstrated that medullary R2* value (MR2*) was significantly higher and cortical D value (CD) was markedly lower in DKD than those of diabetic controls, and strongly correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate. Both the higher MR2* (log-rank test, P < 0.001) and the lower CD (log-rank test, P < 0.001) predicted a worse outcome of DKD. The corresponding areas under the curve (AUC) were 0.80 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.69–0.89] and 0.77 (95% CI 0.64–0.89) respectively. Importantly, combination of MR2* and CD exhibited a more significant efficiency (AUC 0.85, 95% CI 0.74–0.95) than each of them respectively in predicting the outcomes of DKD.Conclusions Integrating BOLD-MRI and IVIM-DWI quantified by TLCO was more efficient than each single of them in assessment of renal outcomes; thus, could be a noninvasive tool to predict the prognosis of DKD.Trial registration The study protocol was registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry Center (NO: ChiCTR-RRC-17012687; date of registration: 16/09/2017).
Leveraging Open Data to Reconstruct the Singapore Housing Index and Other Building-level Markers of Socioeconomic Status for Health Services Research.

BackgroundSocioeconomic status (SES) is an important determinant of health, and SES data is an important confounder to control for in epidemiology and health services research. Individual level SES measures are cumbersome to collect and susceptible to biases, while area level SES measures may have insufficient granularity. The ‘Singapore Housing Index’ (SHI) is a validated, building level SES measure that bridges individual and area level measures. However, determination of the SHI has previously required periodic data purchase and manual parsing. In this study, we describe a means of SHI determination for public housing buildings with open government data, and validate this against the previous SHI determination method.MethodsGovernment open data sources (e.g. data.gov.sg, Singapore Land Authority OneMAP API, Urban Redevelopment Authority API) were queried using custom Python scripts. Data on residential public housing block address and composition from the HDB Property Information dataset (data.gov.sg) was matched to postal code and geographical coordinates via OneMAP API calls. The SHI was calculated from open data, and compared to the original SHI dataset that was curated from non-open data sources in 2018. Results10077 unique residential buildings were identified from open data. OneMAP API calls generated valid geographical coordinates for all (100%) buildings, and valid postal code for 10012 (99.36%) buildings. There was an overlap of 10011 buildings between the open dataset and the original SHI dataset. Intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.999 for the two sources of SHI, indicating almost perfect agreement. A Bland-Altman plot analysis identified a small number of outliers, and this revealed 5 properties that had an incorrect SHI assigned by the original dataset. Information on recently transacted property prices was also obtained for 8599 (85.3%) of buildings.ConclusionSHI, a useful tool for health services research, can be accurately reconstructed using open datasets. This method provides more updated data at lower cost. This application highlights the potential for leveraging open data to enable healthcare research
Space Sustainability Rating : Towards An Assessment Tool To Assuring The Long-Term Sustainability Of The Space Environment

The ever-increasing amount of space debris continues to pose a threat to valuable space assets. The reliance on space assets coupled with an expected growth of large constellations of micro-satellites and nano-satellites emphasize the critical need to foster responsible behaviour by all actors to ensure long-term sustainability of the space environment. The Space Sustainability Rating (SSR) was first conceptualized within the World Economic Forum Global Future Council on Space Technologies. The SSR aims to provide a new, innovative way of addressing the orbital challenge by encouraging responsible behaviour in space through increasing transparency of actors’ debris mitigation efforts designed to support long-term sustainability of the space environment. This paper presents the work of an international and interdisciplinary team to contribute to the early definition of the technical element and operations of the SSR. The paper presents the SSR design methodology to provide a comprehensive rating for sustainability of space missions in the context of the general status of the environment and global level of adherence to space debris mitigation practices. The SSR would act as a voluntary mechanism, whereby actors undergo an evaluation of their mission through a questionnaire; existing indices and other information should be used in addition to a specific questionnaire in establishing a rating. By sharing its rating, the actor would provide a single point of reference externally for their mission, thereby increasing transparency and placing emphasis on its debris mitigation approach, without disclosing any mission-sensitive or proprietary information. The rating will act as a differentiator and trigger positive outcomes (e.g., impact insurance cost or funding conditions), incentivizing other actors to improve their behaviour. The design, development and implementation of the SSR requires a number of steps including the creation of a technological platform among the space actors to ensure awareness, promote positive concepts and guarantee transparency of the approach. Based on input from different stakeholders (eg. governments, regulators, space agencies, industry trade associations etc.), the paper proposes potential steps to design the technical metrics and parameters of the SSR. The paper further explores the feasibility of the SSR to positively impact elements of the Space value chain – from manufacturers and insurers to launch providers and operators, as well as end customers.
Enrichment approach for unbiased sequencing of respiratory syncytial virus directly from clinical samples

Background: Nasopharyngeal samples contain higher quantities of bacterial and host nucleic acids relative to viruses; presenting challenges during virus metagenomics sequencing, which underpins agnostic sequencing protocols. We aimed to develop a viral enrichment protocol for unbiased whole-genome sequencing of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) from nasopharyngeal samples using the Oxford Nanopore Technology (ONT) MinION platform. Methods: We assessed two protocols using RSV positive samples. Protocol 1 involved physical pre-treatment of samples by centrifugal processing before RNA extraction, while Protocol 2 entailed direct RNA extraction without prior enrichment. Concentrates from Protocol 1 and RNA extracts from Protocol 2 were each divided into two fractions; one was DNase treated while the other was not. RNA was then extracted from both concentrate fractions per sample and RNA from both protocols converted to cDNA, which was then amplified using the tagged Endoh primers through Sequence-Independent Single-Primer Amplification (SISPA) approach, a library prepared, and sequencing done. Statistical significance during analysis was tested using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results: DNase-treated fractions from both protocols recorded significantly reduced host and bacterial contamination unlike the untreated fractions (in each protocol p<0.01). Additionally, DNase treatment after RNA extraction (Protocol 2) enhanced host and bacterial read reduction compared to when done before (Protocol 1). However, neither protocol yielded whole RSV genomes. Sequenced reads mapped to parts of the nucleoprotein (N gene) and polymerase complex (L gene) from Protocol 1 and 2, respectively. Conclusions: DNase treatment was most effective in reducing host and bacterial contamination, but its effectiveness improved if done after RNA extraction than before. We attribute the incomplete genome segments to amplification biases resulting from the use of short length random sequence (6 bases) in tagged Endoh primers. Increasing the length of the random nucleotides from six hexamers to nine or 12 in future studies may reduce the coverage biases.
University of Birmingham Stochastic proximal AUC maximization

In this paper we consider the problem of maximizing the Area under the ROC curve (AUC) which is a widely used performance metric in imbalanced classiﬁcation and anomaly detection. Due to the pairwise nonlinearity of the objective function, classical SGD algorithms do not apply to the task of AUC maximization. We propose a novel stochastic proximal algorithm for AUC maximization which is scalable to large scale streaming data. Our al-gorithm can accommodate general penalty terms and is easy to implement with favorable O ( d ) space and per-iteration time complexities. We establish a high-probability convergence rate O (1 / √ T ) for the general convex setting, and improve it to a fast convergence rate O (1 /T ) for the cases of strongly convex regularizers and no regularization term (without strong convexity). Our proof does not need the uniform boundedness assumption on the loss function or the iterates which is more ﬁdelity to the practice. Finally, we perform extensive experiments over various benchmark data sets from real-world application domains which show the superior performance of our algorithm over the existing AUC maximization algorithms.