Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Using near infrared spectroscopy to determine moisture and starch content of corn processing products

Due to the rapid development of the corn-to-ethanol industry, the demand for process monitoring has led to the gradual substitution of traditional analytical techniques with fast and non-destructive methods such as near infrared spectroscopy. In this study, the feasibility of using Fourier transform–near infrared technology as an analytical tool to predict operational parameters (dry solids, starch, carbohydrate, and ethanol content) was investigated. Corn flour, liquefied mash, fermented mash, and distiller’s dried grains with solubles were selected to represent the feedstock, two intermediate products, and one primary co-product of corn-to-ethanol plants, respectively. Multivariate partial least square calibration models were developed to correlate near infrared spectra to the corresponding analytical values. The validation results indicate that near infrared models can be developed that will predict various parameters accurately (root mean square error of prediction: 0.16–1.14%, residual predictive deviation: 3.0–6.3). Measurement of starch or carbohydrate content in corn flour or distiller’s dried grains with solubles is challenging due to low accuracy of wet chemistry methods as well as sample complexity. The study demonstrated that near infrared spectroscopy, a high-throughput analytical technique, has the potential to replace the enzymatic assay.
The End of Privilege: A Reexamination of the Net Foreign Asset Position of the United States

The US net foreign asset position has deteriorated sharply in the years following the Global Financial Crisis and is currently negative 65 percent of US GDP. This deterioration primarily reflects changes in the relative values of large gross international equity positions, as opposed to net new borrowing. In particular, a sharp increase in equity prices that has been US specific has inflated the value of US foreign liabilities. We develop an international macro finance model to interpret these trends, and argue that the rise in equity prices in the United States likely reflects rising profitability of domestic firms rather than a substantial accumulation of unmeasured capital by those firms. Under that interpretation, the revaluation effects that have driven down the US net foreign asset position are associated with large unanticipated transfers of US output to foreign investors. Andrew Atkeson Bunche Hall 9381 Department of Economics UCLA Box 951477 Los Angeles, CA 90095-1477 and NBER andy@atkeson.net Jonathan Heathcote Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis Research Department 90 Hennepin Ave. Minneapolis, MN 55401 heathcote@minneapolisfed.org Fabrizio Perri Research Department Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis 90 Hennepin Avenue Minneapolis MN 55401 fperri@umn.edu
CIA_A_240156 425..430

Mario Kasović Lovro Štefan 1 Martin Zvonar 1Faculty of Kinesiology, Department of General and Applied Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; 2Faculty of Sports Studies, Department of Kinesiology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic Purpose: The main purpose of the study was to determine the level of correlation between self-reported and measured physical fitness. Patients and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we recruited 120 older women aged ≥60 years. Self-reported physical fitness was assessed on a scale from 1 to 10, where higher score indicated better physical fitness perception. Objective measure included seven physical fitness tests: 1) waist circumference, 2) chair stand in 30 sec, 3) arm curl in 30 sec, 4) 2-min step test, 5) chair sit-and-reach test, 6) back scratch test and 7) 8-feet up-and-go test. Correlation between the two measures was analyzed by using Spearman coefficient (p≤0.05). Results: In the whole sample, self-reported physical fitness was associated with chair stand in 30 sec (r=0.39, p<0.001), arm curl in 30 sec (r=0.54, p<0.001), 2-min step test (r=0.43, p<0.001), chair sit-and-reach test (r=0.39, p<0.001), back scratch test (r=0.36, p<0.001) and 8-feet up-and-go test (r=−0.29, p<0.001). No significant correlation between self-reported physical fitness and waist circumference was found (r=0.03, p=0.786). Overall physical fitness (sum of all physical fitness z-scores) was strongly correlated with self-reported physical fitness (r=0.63, p<0.001). Conclusion: This study shows that self-reported measure of physical fitness is moderately correlated to objectively measured physical fitness in relatively healthy older women.
ANALYSIS ON A LEARNED OFDM RECEIVER BASED PILOT-AIDED FRAME SYNCHRONIZATION BY USING DEEP PROBABILITY NEURAL NETWORKS

This paper is designed to retrieve bits from OF DMT time-domains, without the use of explicit DFT/IDFT. Deep and complex DCCN network is developed. Both the frame sync and the PAPR (peak to average power ratio) reductions in a single pilot sequence are achieved in this study. The two systems considered are DCO-OFDM and O-FDM divided by the asymmetric based optical orthogonal frequency division (ACO-OFDM). Only strange indexed subcontractors can have the pilot symbol. The pilot signal from the receiver uses the pilot frame to detect the mirror symmetry of the pilot symbol from the synchronization algorithm. In order to optimize and approximate LMMSE and traditional CP enhancements, the DCCN receiver can exceed legacy channel estimates with varying delays and mobility on Rayleigh's fading channels. However, the proposed approach is currently not supported by popular deep learning platforms, which benefit from complex neural networks' expressive nature.
Error Compensated Proximal SGD and RDA

Communication cost is a key bottleneck in distributed training of large machine learning models. In order to reduce the amount of communicated data, quantization and error compensation techniques have recently been studied. While the error compensated stochastic gradient descent (SGD) with contraction compressor (e.g., TopK) was proved to have the same convergence rate as vanilla SGD in the smooth case, it is unknown in the regularized case. In this paper, we study the error compensated proximal SGD and error compensated regularized dual averaging (RDA) with contraction compressor for the composite ﬁnite-sum optimization problem. Unlike the smooth case, the leading term in the convergence rate of error compensated proximal SGD is dependent on the contraction compressor parameter in the composite case, and the dependency can be improved by introducing a reference point to reduce the compression noise. For error compensated RDA, we can obtain better dependency of compressor parameter in the convergence rate. Extensive numerical experiments are presented to validate the theoretical results.
Periprosthetic joint infections are different from osteosynthesis-associated infections

Aim: The aim of the study is comparing the treatment results and showing the differences between periprosthetic joint infectionsand osteosynthesis-associated infections.Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the cases of orthopedic implant-associated infections. All patients werecategorized into two groups; Group A has consisted of osteosynthesis-associated infections, and Group B has consisted ofperiprosthetic joint infection. The time interval between implantation and infection, length of hospitalization, number of operations,the status of preoperative and postoperative intensive care unit, and number of outpatient clinic applications were recorded. Culturedata from intraoperative deep tissue samples were also recorded.Results: There were 28 patients in Group A and 20 patients in Group B. The age distributions and operation numbers were significantlydifferent between the two study groups (p=0.000 and p=0.05, respectively). There was a significant difference between the numberof outpatient clinic applications and the success of treatment (p=0.016). There was a significant difference between the post-operatively intensive care unit status and success of treatment (p=0.002). Conclusion: Periprosthetic joint infection patients were older and had a higher number of operations, however orthopedic implant-associated infections were more likely outpatient clinic applications and post-operatively intensive care unit status.
High Thermal Conductivity of Bulk Epoxy Resin by Bottom-Up Parallel-Linking and Strain: A Molecular Dynamics Study

The ultra-low thermal conductivity (~0.3 Wm-1K-1) of amorphous epoxy resins significantly limits their applications in electronics. Conventional top-down methods e.g. electrospinning usually result in aligned structure for linear polymers thus satisfactory enhancement on thermal conductivity, but they are deficient for epoxy resin polymerized by monomers and curing agent due to completely different cross-linked network structure. Here, we proposed a bottom-up strategy, namely parallel-linking method, to increase the intrinsic thermal conductivity of bulk epoxy resin. Through equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations, we reported on a high thermal conductivity value of parallel-linked epoxy resin (PLER) as 0.80 Wm-1K-1, more than twofold higher than that of amorphous structure. Furthermore, by applying uniaxial tensile strains along the intra-chain direction, a further enhancement in thermal conductivity was obtained, reaching 6.45 Wm-1K-1. Interestingly, we also observed that the inter-chain thermal conductivities decrease with increasing strain. The single chain of epoxy resin was also investigated and, surprisingly, its thermal conductivity was boosted by 30 times through tensile strain, as high as 33.8 Wm-1K-1. Our study may provide a new insight on the design and fabrication of epoxy resins with high thermal conductivity.
The oxidation behaviors of Cr2N and Cr/Cr2N multilayer coatings on Zircaloy-4 tubes in high temperature environment

The aim of Accident-Tolerant Fuels (ATF) is to delay or prevent oxidation of nuclear fuels cladding in the case of loss of coolant accident (LOCA) conditions. And the usage of cladding coatings is an important strategy to improve fault tolerance of nuclear fuels cladding. Meanwhile, the choice of coating types and the design of coating structure are very important. Here, Cr2N coating and Cr/Cr2N multilayer coating were deposited on Zircaloy-4 tubes by magnetron sputtering. Oxidation resistance tests of original and coated Zircaloy-4 tubes were performed in air atmosphere at different high temperatures. It was found that Cr/Cr2N multilayer coating exhibited lower weight gain rate and fewer cracks on surface than Cr2N coating after oxidation. After oxidation at 800 °C, the cross sectional image shows that the cracks on the Cr2N coating surface expand and reach the substrate, while the Cr/Cr2N multilayer coating was intact without cracking. For Cr/Cr2N multilayer coating, a metallic Cr layer metal formed on the ZrO2 layer after oxidation 900 °C due to redox reaction of Cr2O3 and Zr. The obtained results revealed that Zircaloy-4 tubes coated with Cr/Cr2N multilayer exhibited better oxidation performance.
Regulation of anoikis by ankyrin complexes

Anoikis is a subset of apoptosis, suppressed by cell-extracellular matrix association. It is a safeguard mechanism against tumor metastasis. The present study was designed to understand the role of cortical cytoskeletal protein ankyrin-G and its interacting proteins in anoikis. E-cadherin and ankyrin-G are function partners and during epithelial-mesenchymal-transition (EMT), both gets downregulated. During cell-extracellular matrix dissociation, ankyrin-G shifts to cytoplasm from cytoskeleton and loses spectrin interaction. Overexpression of ankyrin-G induced apoptosis in death domain dependent manner, promoted by the presence of ankyrin-G death domain interacting partner, RIP1 (Receptor Interacting Protein with death domain). Ankyrin-G also interacted with a MAGE family protein NRAGE (Neurotrophin Receptor Interacting mAGE protein), which suppressed ankyrin-G induced apoptosis.NRAGE suppressed anoikis and promoted anchorage independent growth. It was also upregulated in the cells which have undergone EMT as well as in various other tumor types. The oncogenic transcription repressor TBX2 (T-Box Protein) interacted with NRAGE and co-operated functionally in anoikis suppression and anchorage independent growth. Ankyrin-G sequestered NRAGE in cytoplasm and counteracted NRAGE mediated transcription activity. NRAGE also affected E-cadherin mediated adherens junction kinetics and activated pro-survival signaling in cells dissociated from extracellular matrix. We report a novel pathway, controlled by E-cadherin and ankyrin-G, sequestering NRAGE in cytoplasm in epithelial cells. During EMT, loss of E-cadherin and ankyrin-G promotes NRAGE localization to nucleus. NRAGE co-operates with TBX2 in suppressing anoikis and promoting anchorage independent growth.
Emotion and Virality of Food Safety Risk Communication Messages on Social Media

This study investigates how the emotional tone of food safety risk communication messages predicts message virality on social media. Through a professional Internet content tracking service, we gathered news articles written about the 2018 romaine lettuce recall published online between October 30th and November 29th, 2018. We retrieved the number of times each article was shared on Twitter and Pinterest, and the number of engagements (shares, likes, and comments) for each article on Facebook and Reddit. We randomly selected 10% of the articles (n = 377) and characterized the emotional tone of each article using machine learning, including emotional characteristics such as discrete emotions, emotional valence, arousal, and dominance. Conveying negative valence, low arousal, and high dominance, as well as anger and sadness emotions were associated with greater virality of articles on social media. Implications of these findings for risk communication in the age of social media are discussed.
Ultrasonography-guided sialolithotomy and stricture dilations of the major salivary glands: a preliminary study

Abstract Aim of the study: The present preliminary study aims to evaluate the possible positive outcomes of ultrasonography-guided sialolithotomies and duct stricture dilations utilizing stone retrieval baskets and guide wires. Case description: A total of 6 cases in an ongoing study (4 cases of sialolithiasis and 2 cases of duct strictures with intraluminal adhesion) were analyzed. All sialoliths were <5 mm in diameter. Stone removals and duct dilations were performed under ultrasonography guidance with two different types of linear probes. Edema measurements were carried out, and the area of edema was evaluated via the echogenicity changes. Patient satisfaction was also evaluated by the patients themselves using a Visual Analog Scale questionnaire on postoperative day 0, and on days 1, 2, and 3. Conclusions: There were no postoperative complications, and mouth openings returned to normal at 7-day follow-up. The pain scores decreased after 6 hours, and pain subsided completely after 12 hours in all the patients. Edema also resolved gradually after the operation. The patient satisfaction levels were high.
An implementation of dynamic complexity

A dynamic program, as introduced by Dong, Su and Topor and Pat-naik and Immerman, maintains the result of a ﬁxed query for an input database which is subject to changes. It can use an auxiliary database whose relations are updated via ﬁrst-order formulas upon changes of the input database. Important queries like the reachability query can be maintained dynamically, despite the fact that they cannot be expressed in ﬁrst-order logic in the static setting. However, there is no recent practical evaluation of the performance of dynamic programs based on these results. Inthis talk I will present preliminary evaluation results on a proto-typical implementation in SQL. We study the reachability query for undirected graphs. In addition to insertions and deletions of single edges, we also test the performance for insertions of many edges that are deﬁned by (unions of) conjunctive queries. This talk is based on joint work with Thomas Schwentick, Thomas Zeume and Dennis Ciba.
Updating the Pineal Gland Mystery: Purpose and Function in Children and Adult Health and Pathology

The human pineal gland is considered as a “type A” organ, meaning it lies proximal to the third ventricle. It is principally comprised of two cell types: pinealocytes, which make up most of the gland (85–90%), and glial cells (mostly astrocytes). The gland is relatively small in < 2-year-old children. Moreover, its size does not significantly change between 2–20 years of age. The pineal gland is a neuroendocrine organ that secretes the hormone melatonin. The pineal body is thusly implicated in pigmentation, reproductive organ functions, seasonal breeding, and jet lag. It is also referred to as a “biological clock” [10] that plays a crucial role in regulating the circadian rhythm in humans. The pineal gland also produces N, N-dimethyl-tryptamine (DMT), that is found in certain plants and acts as a hallucinogen. The pineal gland is aptly called a neuroendocrine transducer as it converts the neuronal signals into hormones, affecting various physiological functions and conditions of an organism. Calcification (calcium deposits) is a landmark feature of the pineal gland on x-ray and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The degree of calcification depends on age and is usually very high in individuals older than 30 years. Calcification is typically caused by the deposition of hydroxyapatite, leading to reduced melatonin secretion. Pineal calcification has been implicated in Alzheimer’s disease. Pinealectomy is the surgical removal of the pineal gland for medical reasons. However, only a few studies have investigated the effect of pinealectomy on humans. Studies on the pineal gland have been aimed at determining its effects on human physiological processes and those of other organisms. The presence of melatonin from the protozoa to highly evolved mammals indicates the gland’s significance. Thus, it is imperative to gain further insights into and understanding of this gland and its hormones to uncover more practical therapeutic and preventive options. Dysregulation of melatonin secretion can occur in several pathophysiological conditions. In scoliosis, the spine curves abnormally toward one side. Currently, there is insufficient evidence to confirm the relationship of melatonin in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, although it is being considered. In humans, melatonin facilitates osteoblast (cell) differentiation. Pineal gland tumors have been rarely reported. However, pineoblastoma and pineocytoma have been observed in adults. Pineal-origin breast cancer seldom occurs unless a pineal tumor metastasizes to distinct tissues and organs, such as breast tissue. For this reason, the pineal gland is sometimes referred to as the oncostatic structure in the brain. Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) commonly experience insomnia and display behavioral problems. Notably, clinical studies have suggested a direct association between ASD and diminished melatonin levels. This review investigates and summarizes pineal gland purpose and function in humans, and hopefully helps decipher the great “mystery” surrounding this relatively small but significant gland.
Pedestrian Detecting Energy Generator

In this era of technology development, developing new energy sources are the prime concern. One of the sectors that have gained much interest is devices that are able to convert ambient energy into electrical energy. Moreover, the human race is facing one of the darkest periods of its history with the outbreak of corona virus. With social distancing being an inevitable factor in the fight against Covid-19, innovative ways are constantly worked out to achieve effective social distancing.The purpose of the project is to develop a device that can convert pressure into electrical energy based on the piezoelectric element. The device is a multi-functional power generating tile which can effectively analyse the human traffic in an area so as to alert a person of crowded areas which may act as a potential hub of spontaneous virus transmission. The project shows that presence of wasted and underutilized vibration energy might have some values to be used. The system of this energy-generating project includes the conversion of continuous compression of floors by human pressure across piezoelectric materials into electrical energy. Meanwhile, these tiles can simultaneously detect crowded areas and direct people to less crowded areas.The analysis of human traffic is done by the force sensors attached to the tiles. The readings from the force sensors give an approximate count of human traffic in an area by counting the human footsteps. The installation of these multi-functional power-generating tiles can generate both electricity and data, which is invaluable in a data-driven world.
Hypoxia-Induced Aquaporin-3 Changes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Sensitivity to Sorafenib by Activating the PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway

Purpose: Hypoxia-induced changes are primarily activated in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and long-term sorafenib exposure, thereby reducing the sensitivity to the drug. Aquaporin-3 (AQP3), a member of the aquaporin family, is a hypoxia-induced substance that affects the chemosensitivity of non-hepatocellular tumors. However, its expression and role in the sensitivity of hypoxic HCC cells to sorafenib-induced apoptosis remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to detect changes in AQP3 expression in hypoxic HCC cells and to determine whether these changes alter the sensitivity of these cells to sorafenib. Materials and Methods: Huh7 and HepG2 hypoxic cell models were established and AQP3 expression was detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blotting. Furthermore, the role of AQP3 in cell sensitivity to sorafenib was evaluated via ﬂ ow cytometry, Western blotting, and a CCK-8 assay. Results: The results of qPCR and Western blotting showed that AQP3 was overexpressed in the Huh7 and HepG2 hypoxic cell models. Furthermore, AQP3 protein levels were positively correlated with hypoxia-inducible factor-1 α (HIF-1 α ) levels. Compared with cells transfected with lentivirus-GFP (Lv-GFP), hypoxic cells transfected with lentivirus-AQP3 (Lv-AQP3) were less sensitive to sorafenib-induced apoptosis. However, the sensitivity to the drug increased in cells transfected with lentivirus-AQP3RNAi (Lv-AQP3RNAi). Akt and Erk phosphorylation was enhanced in Lv-AQP3-transfected cells. Compared with UO126 (a Mek1/2 inhibitor), LY294002 (a PI3K inhibitor) attenuated the AQP3-induced insensitivity to sorafenib observed in hypoxic cells transfected with Lv-AQP3. Combined with LY294002-treated cells, hypoxic cells transfected with Lv-AQP3RNAi were more sensitive to sorafenib. Conclusion: The study results show that AQP3 is a potential therapeutic target for improving the sensitivity of hypoxic HCC cells to sorafenib.