Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Chromosome-Level Genome of Hestina assimilis (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) Reveals the Evolution of Saprophagy-Related Genes in Brush-Footed Butterflies

Most butterflies feed on nectar, while some saprophagous butterflies forage on various non-nectar foods. To date, little is known about the genomic and molecular shifts associated with the evolution of the saprophagous feeding strategy. Here, we assembled the high-quality chromosome-level genome of Hestina assimilis to explore its saprophagous molecular and genetic mechanisms. This chromosome-level genome of H. assimilis is 412.82 Mb, with a scaffold N50 of 15.70 Mb. In total, 98.11% of contigs were anchored to 30 chromosomes. Compared with H. assimilis and other Nymphalidae butterflies, the genes of metabolism and detoxification experienced expansions. We annotated 80 cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes in the H. assimilis genome, among which genes belonging to the CYP4 subfamily were significantly expanded (p < 0.01). These P450 genes were unevenly distributed and mainly concentrated on chromosomes 6–9. We identified 33 olfactory receptor (OR), 20 odorant-binding protein (OBP), and six gustatory receptor (GR) genes in the H. assimilis genome, which were fewer than in the nectarivorous Danaus plexippus. A decreased number of OBP, OR, and GR genes implied that H. assimilis should resort less to olfaction and gustation than their nectarivorous counterparts, which need highly specialized olfactory and gustatory functions. Moreover, we found one site under positive selection occurred in residue 996 (phenylalanine) of GR genes exclusive to H. assimilis, which is conservative in most lineages. Our study provides support for the adaptive evolution of feeding habits in butterflies.
Noncompete Contracts: Understanding the Cost of Unpredictability

The intention of this Article, and the brief presentation that accompanied it at the Texas Wesleyan University School of Law Symposium on The Role of Contract in the Modern Employment Relationship, is to highlight the need for a more uniform and consistent application of contract principles to noncompete contracts in order to increase predictability in this field of law. Presently both employees and employers pay a heavy price due to increased uncertainty in this area. This is because courts use equitable concepts to circumvent basic contract law principles without recognizing the unseen price that is paid by others when contract-based predictability is eroded. To illustrate this point, this Article will begin with six different scenarios that are very real possibilities under the current state of the law and highlight the practical cost to litigants in the current unpredictable environment. In addition to highlighting a significant problem created by the unpredictability in this area of employment contract law, this Article will also provide the practicing employment law attorney with a review of different contract options to consider when drafting noncompete contracts and similar protective agreements. In Part II, the nature of unpredictability in a number of key foundational concepts like protectable interests, consideration, and choice of law is examined. In Part III, an overview of advantages and disadvantages to the eight most common forms of restrictive contracts are covered to illustrate that no one contract option solves the present unpredictability problem and to provide the practicing attorney with a helpful checklist of contract options to consider. To conclude, a suggestion for a more balanced approach to improve predictability is provided.
Experimental uncertainty estimation and statistics for data having interval uncertainty.

This report addresses the characterization of measurements that include epistemic uncertainties in the form of intervals. It reviews the application of basic descriptive statistics to data sets which contain intervals rather than exclusively point estimates. It describes algorithms to compute various means, the median and other percentiles, variance, interquartile range, moments, confidence limits, and other important statistics and summarizes the computability of these statistics as a function of sample size and characteristics of the intervals in the data (degree of overlap, size and regularity of widths, etc.). It also reviews the prospects for analyzing such data sets with the methods of inferential statistics such as outlier detection and regressions. The report explores the tradeoff between measurement precision and sample size in statistical results that are sensitive to both. It also argues that an approach based on interval statistics could be a reasonable alternative to current standard methods for evaluating, expressing and propagating measurement uncertainties.
Does Ego Identity Process Have a Predictive Role in Drug Abstinence?

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive effect of ego identity process on self-efficacy for abstinence from substance abuse. Method: The research that is descriptive and correlational was conducted with 415 young individuals between the dates 01.07. 2021 and 30.01. 2022. Socio-demographic characteristics information form, Ego Identity Process Questionnaire (EIPQ) and Self-Efficacy for Protecting Adolescences from Substance Abuse Scale (SEAPSAS) were applied in this study. Results: The general mean score of the youth sub-dimension of abstinence from substances/stimulants in the SEAPSAS scale was 54.13±11.05, and the total mean score of the EIPQ was 124.86±15.84. A moderate positive correlation was identified between the total scores of the EIPQ and SEAPSAS scales. Although the detected correlation coefficient was significant, EIPQ's interpretation of SEAPSAS was at a low level (R2=.135). According to participants’ socio-demographic characteristics, the scores obtained from the SEAPSAS were low in males, those with a bachelor's or higher education degree, those living in a dormitory or alone, those with six or more siblings, those with fragmented families, those who smoke, and in those who are children of working mothers. EIPQ stability sub-dimension score of the participants who live in the county is higher than those who live in the province. Conclusion: In line with the results of the study, it is recommended to organize programs that will develop the young's ego identity process and self-efficacy for abstinence from substance abuse. It is expected that these programs will contribute to the prevention of substance addiction.
Women’s Knowledge and Perceptions of the Effect of Exercise during Pregnancy: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Many women may not be aware of the effect of exercise during pregnancy. The objective of this study was to explore the knowledge and perceptions of the effect of exercise and compare whether there was a difference between women who were pregnant at the time of the study, who were not pregnant but had given birth in the past, and those who had never been pregnant and had never given birth. Methods: A cohort of 291 women, aged 18–55 years, participated in this cross-sectional study. Ninety-one (31.3%) women were pregnant at the time of the study; 97 (33.3%) were not pregnant but had given birth in the past, and 103 (35.4%) were not pregnant and had never given birth. This was a survey by an on-line questionnaire. Results: Only 24.4 % of respondents were aware of the effect of exercise in pregnancy, 44% were not aware of the effect of exercise in pregnancy, and 52.6% did not know if exercise interventions could be prescribed during pregnancy. The perceived aims of exercise, reported by the women, were to keep the body fit (58%), to reduce low back and pelvic pain (55%), and to facilitate childbirth (51%). Conclusions: Women who were not pregnant but had given birth were significantly less aware of the effect of exercise than women who were pregnant at the time of the study or not pregnant and had never given birth. The internet was the most common source of information about exercise among all respondents. Almost all women in the study felt the need for more knowledge about the effect of exercise during pregnancy. Therefore, exercise specialists must inform and educate women about the benefits of exercise during pregnancy.
On the elasticity of an inertial liquid shock

A drop of low viscosity hitting a solid may bounce, provided that the material is highly hydrophobic. As a model of such a situation, we consider here the case of a very hot solid. Then, as discovered by Leidenfrost, a thin layer of vapour sustains the drop, preventing any contact with the substrate. On hitting such a solid, a drop rebounds, and we discuss here the elasticity of the shock. Two very different cases are described: at a large velocity, the weaker the impact velocity, the weaker the elasticity; at a small velocity, a quasi-elastic regime is found. The boundary between the two domains is set by a Weber number, which compares the kinetic and surface energies of the drop, of order unity.
Upfront Surgery versus Neoadjuvant Perioperative Chemotherapy for Resectable Colorectal Liver Metastases: A Machine-Learning Decision Tree to Identify the Best Potential Candidates under a Parenchyma-Sparing Policy

Simple Summary For patients with colorectal liver metastases (CLM), it is doubtful which treatment could be better between neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by liver resection (NEOS) and upfront surgery (UPS). Our aim was to select the candidates who may benefit more from one or another treatment developing a machine-learning model. To do so, 448 patients were analyzed, and baseline differences were levelled out thanks to an inverse probability weighting analysis. Survival rates and risk factors were estimated for the two generated pseudo-populations. The best potential treatment (BPT) for each patient was determined thanks to a mortality risk model built by Random-Forest. BPT-upfront and BPT-neoadjuvant candidates were automatically selected with the development of a classification –and –regression tree (CART). At CART, planning R1vasc surgery, primitive tumor localization, number of metastases, sex, and pre-operative CEA were the factors addressing the candidates to BPT. Thanks to the decision tree algorithm, patients may be automatically assigned to the BPT based on their tailored risk of mortality. Abstract Addressing patients to neoadjuvant systemic chemotherapy followed by surgery rather than surgical resection upfront is controversial in the case of resectable colorectal –liver metastases (CLM). The aim of this study was to develop a machine-learning model to identify the best potential candidates for upfront surgery (UPS) versus neoadjuvant perioperative chemotherapy followed by surgery (NEOS). Patients at first liver resection for CLM were consecutively enrolled and collected into two groups, regardless of whether they had UPS or NEOS. An inverse –probability weighting (IPW) was performed to weight baseline differences; survival analyses; and risk predictions were estimated. A mortality risk model was built by Random-Forest (RF) to assess the best –potential treatment (BPT) for each patient. The characteristics of BPT-upfront and BPT-neoadjuvant candidates were automatically identified after developing a classification –and –regression tree (CART). A total of 448 patients were enrolled between 2008 and 2020: 95 UPS and 353 NEOS. After IPW, two balanced pseudo-populations were obtained: UPS = 432 and NEOS = 440. Neoadjuvant therapy did not significantly affect the risk of mortality (HR 1.44, 95% CI: 0.95–2.17, p = 0.07). A mortality prediction model was fitted by RF. The BPT was NEOS for 364 patients and UPS for 84. At CART, planning R1vasc surgery was the main factor determining the best candidates for NEOS and UPS, followed by primitive tumor localization, number of metastases, sex, and pre-operative CEA. Based on these results, a decision three was developed. The proposed treatment algorithm allows for better allocation according to the patient’s tailored risk of mortality.
Lateral medullary infarction presenting only with dermatomal sensory disturbance: a case report

ABSTRACT The triad of Horner’s syndrome, ataxia and sensory disturbances clinically identifies patients with lateral medullary infarct (LMI). However, dermatomal temperature and pain sensory loss have rarely been reported in patients with LMI. We describe the case of a patient with LMI presenting solely with temperature and pain sensory disorder below the C5 sensory level. Magnetic resonance imaging findings demonstrated a small superficial infarction in the right lateral medulla oblongata, indicating that the sensory deficit was caused by a restricted infarction of the lateral spinothalamic tract. We emphasize the importance of adding LMI to a differential diagnosis of acute dermatomal sensory disturbance without other major symptoms of LMI, such as cranial nerve abnormalities, ataxia and Horner’s syndrome.
Schemes for biased galaxy formation

Three independent schemes are proposed for biasing galaxy formation toward luminous galaxies, early collapse, and denser protogalaxies in a universe containing a closure density of cold dark matter. Photinos, or other massive, neutral weakly interacting leptons are assumed to be the predominant dark matter species, and their annihilation in collapsing protogalactic clouds suppresses galaxy bulge formation for isolated systems. Shock destruction of H2 can occur at low redshift during the epoch of massive galaxy and quasar formation; the ensuing collapse and cooling of primordial clouds by Ly emission results in predominantly massive star formation that should disrupt late-forming galaxies. The high rate of stgar formtion presumed to occur during gaseous protogalaxy collapse effectively strips low-density protogalaxies by initiating a supernova-driven wind, and leaves behind low surface density remnants: ''failed galaxies. '' These schemes could all be complementary, and generally lead to the formation of luminous galaxies by rare, dense, early collapsing systems, luminous galaxy formation being suppressed in the recent past.
Zoledronic Acid Does Not Retard Bone Union: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Fragility Intertrochanteric Femur Fractures

Background: Fragility hip fracture is a leading cause of death in the elderly and is common in postmenopausal women and elderly people. In the treatment of osteoporosis, bisphosphonates (BPs) are often considered first-line medications. Zoledronic acid is the most potent and long-acting BP in clinical use and is administered as an intravenous infusion. In the context of acute fractures, the use of BPs has been controversial due to conflicting reports of their positive and negative effects on fracture healing. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of zoledronic acid on fracture healing in intertrochanteric (IT) fragility fractures. Methods: The study was conducted in a tertiary healthcare center after receiving scientific and ethical approval. The study included 136 patients of either gender over the age of 50 who presented with an IT femur fracture after minor trauma between November 2020 and November 2022. The total number of patients had been classified into two groups, and grouping involved random sampling: Group T (test group, n = 68; zoledronic acid injections were given on postoperative day 3) and Group C (control group, n = 68; interventions were given after fracture healing). Patients were evaluated using the Radiographic Union Score for Hip (RUSH) and Singh Index for radiological outcomes and the Harris Hip Score (HHS) for functional outcomes. The patients were followed for six months. Results: The overall mean age was 73.25 years; in Group T, it was 72.5 ± 11.9 years, and in Group C, it was 73.7 ± 11.8 years. Of 136 patients, 69 (51%) were males and 67 (49%) were females. The average fracture healing time in Group T was 12.2 ± 3.6 weeks, while it was 13.0 ± 2.8 weeks in Group C. Functional outcomes, including HHS, were found to be better in Group T than in Group C (p < 0.005). No significant difference was observed between the two groups with respect to the radiological union, the RUSH score, or Singh Index, implying no negative effect of zoledronic acid. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that postoperative intravenous zoledronic acid therapy does not retard fracture healing. Osteoporosis management is frequently neglected because of a surgeon's fear of ZOL retarding fracture healing and a lack of awareness among patients, resulting in low compliance. Thus, opportunistic administration of zoledronic acid postoperatively can be beneficial and will increase compliance for osteoporosis management and fracture prevention to 100%.
Improvement of information support to promote the economic advantages of energy saving under the conditions of military conflicts

Energy consumption is the most important strategy for improving economic efficiency and decarbonization. State energy saving measures aimed at promoting changes in sustainable habits and procedures can significantly save energy consumption. Information support for promoting the economic benefits of energy saving under the conditions of military conflicts needs more attention. The leading methodological tools were the methods of observation, comparison, as well as historical method. The research reported here showed that the aggression on the part of the Russian Federation required states to urgently improve the system of implementation of national information policies in order to increase the level of energy saving and energy efficiency. The EU's plans to reduce energy consumption "Play your role" and "Save energy" are aimed at informing the public about the need to contribute to energy saving processes. It is proved that currently in the EU, 80 % of member states ensure the effective implementation of new state campaigns for information support to promote the economic benefits of energy saving. Awareness-raising campaigns such as EPAH, I Have Influence, Green Ambassadors, EU4Energy's energy awareness campaign in collaboration with EU NEIGHBORS east are noteworthy. This activity and the set of energy labeling measures ENERGY STAR and EPREL can become the basis for the implementation of public education programs at educational institutions during the period of military instability in Ukraine. A promising vector of further scientific research will be the analysis of the practice of implementing information support to popularize the economic benefits of energy saving on the territory of Ukraine during the aggravation of the military conflict on the territory of the state
M-Ary QAM Asynchronous-NOMA D2D Network With Cyclic Triangular-SIC Decoding Scheme

The complexity of successive interference cancellation at the receiver’s end is a challenging issue in conventional non-orthogonal multiple access assisted massive wireless networks. The computational complexity of decoding increases exponentially with the number of users. Further, under realistic channel conditions, a synchronous non-orthogonal multiple access scheme is impractical in the uplink device-to-device communications. In this paper, an asynchronous non-orthogonal multiple access-based cyclic triangular successive interference cancellation scheme is proposed for a massive device-to-device network. The proposed scheme reduces the decoding complexity, energy consumption, and bit error rate of a superimposed signal received in an outband device-to-device network. More specifically, the scheme follows three consecutive stages; optimization, decoding, and re- transmission. In the optimization stage, a dual Lagrangian objective function is defined to maximize the number of data symbols decoded at the receiver by determining an optimal interference cancellation triangle, under the co-channel interference and data rate constraints. In the decoding stage, the data in the optimal interference cancellation triangle is decoded using a conventional triangular successive interference cancellation technique. Next, the remaining users’ data are decoded in sequential iterations of the proposed scheme, using the retransmissions from such users. Utilizing the successive interference cancellation characteristics, the performance of the proposed device-to-device network is defined in terms of energy efficiency, bit error rate, computational complexity, and decoding delay metrics. Moreover, the performance of the proposed decoding scheme is compared with the conventional triangular successive interference cancellation decoding scheme to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed scheme.
Enhanced Colliding Bodies Algorithm for Truss Optimization with Frequency Constraints

AbstractTo improve the performance of the structure and keep out the resonance phenomenon, some limitations should be imposed on the natural frequency ranges. This paper illustrates the computational performance of enhanced colliding bodies optimization (ECBO) in optimum weight design of truss structures with multiple natural frequency constraints. The standard CBO is a multiagent algorithm based on one-dimensional collisions between two bodies. Each agent is modeled as the body with a specified mass and velocity. The enhanced CBO utilizes memory to save some historically best solutions and also uses a mechanism for jumping out of local minima. The viability and efficiency of the proposed method are demonstrated by using four truss structures subject to constraints on natural frequencies. In frequency constraint problems, the search space is highly nonlinear and nonconvex with numerous local optima. Numerical results are compared with standard CBO results and results reported in the literature. These resu.
Radiative regulation of gas flow within clusters of galaxies - A model for cluster X-ray sources

Radiation from gas within rich clusters of galaxies may regulate the central gas density to that value at which the cooling time equals the lifetime of the system, since at higher densities mass deposition by cooling in the central regions would exceed mass injection from the member galaxies and mass inflow from the outer regions of the cluster. We argue that in X-ray clusters a steady inflow of material takes place, in which the gravitational energy of the accreting material powers the X-ray luminosity of the source and accounts for the observed spatial extent of the gas distribution.In the present paper we consider self-contained gas flows, in which mass ejected by galaxies in the outer regions of the cluster flows toward the core of the cluster and ultimately accretes onto the central galaxies. This model, which depends only on a single parameter measuring the ratio of the mass-injection rate to the cooling in the central regions, accounts for the observed X-ray luminosities of the clusters, the surface-brightness profiles, and energy spectra in terms of thermal bremsstrahlung emission from the gas. We briefly argue that thermal conduction does not affect the observed properties of the source.We discuss the expected equivalent widthsmore » of observable emission lines, the morphology of the X-ray emission from the Perseus cluster, the formation of cD and active galaxies, and extinction and scattering by dust within the cluster. « less
On the characterisation of Asplund spaces

Abstract A Banach space is an Asplund space if every continuous convex function on an open convex subset is Fréchet differentiable on a dense G8 subset of its domain. The recent research on the Radon-Nikodým property in Banach spaces has revealed that a Banach space is an Asplund space if and only if every separable subspace has separable dual. It would appear that there is a case for providing a more direct proof of this characterisation.