Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Wideband HF Van Atta Retrodirective Array: Study and Design

An active ultra-wideband Van Atta retrodirective array for HF operation is investigated. The array is enabled by an ultra-wideband element, consisting of a TEM horn combined with a loop, allowing for instantaneous coverage of the entire 2–30 MHz HF band. The antenna fits within a 3-meter radius sphere which corresponds to ka of 0.5 and 1 at 7.95 and 15.9 MHz, respectively. For instantaneous un-tuned operation, the total efficiencies are 10% and 79% at the two frequencies, respectively. The retrodirective behavior of the array is characterized using the monostatic and bistatic radar cross section responses. Simulated validation of the RCS synthesis method applied to this array is presented giving confidence to use of the method for the further analyses presented. The quality of the retrodirective behavior of the array with different element counts as well as active enhancement of the retrodirective scattering using amplification in the Van Atta beamforming network is discussed demonstrating good potential across the entire HF band.
The Structure and Properties of African Wave Disturbances as Observed During Phase III of GATE

Abstract A compositing method is used to determine the average structure and properties of eight wave disturbances observed over west Africa and the eastern Atlantic during the period 23 August-19 September, 1974, a period marked by well-developed and regular wave activity. The disturbance centers propagated westward in the zone of cyclonic shear to the south of the 700 mb easterly jet, located at 16–17°N. The mean wave- length was about 25M km and the mean period 3.5 days. The mean zonal current satisfied the necessary condition for barotropic instability. The composite disturbance was most intense at 650 mb, being cold core below and warm core above. Two circulation centers were evident at the surface, one located below the upper center and the other displaced 10° to the north at about the latitude of the monsoon trough. When separate composites were constructed for land and ocean stations, the dual centers were found to be primarily a land phenomenon. Distinctive features of the high-level (200 inb) ci.
Solution of a simplified advertising model using optimal control techniques

In this article we present a simplification of the distributed model of advertising by formulating it as a family of optimal control problems with concentrated parameters. We consider two simplified models: linear and non-linear. Linear model is solved analytically using the maximum principle. To solve non-linear model, we construct a numerical algorithm based on two nonconventional increment formulae for the objective functional. MSC : 49N05
Nonequilibrium iron oxide formation in some low-mass post-asymptotic giant branch stars

Using experimental evidence that under highly oxidizing conditions gamma-Fe2O3 (maghemite) and Fe3O4 display refractory behavior, it is proposed that very low C/O ratios, that could be unique to evolving AGB stars, induce nonequilibrium formation of ferromagnetic iron oxide grains along with chondritic dust. The oxides are preferentially fractionated from chondritic dust in the stellar magnetic field which could account for the observed extreme iron underabundance in their photosphere. A search for the 1-2.5-micron IR absorption feature, or for diagnostic magnetite and maghemite IR absorption features, could show the validity of the model proposed.
Ssc-miR-92b-3p Regulates Porcine Trophoblast Cell Proliferation and Migration via the PFKM Gene

Embryo implantation, the pivotal stage of gestation, is fundamentally dependent on synchronous embryonic development and uterine receptivity. In the early gestation period, the uterus and conceptus secrete growth factors, cytokines, and hormones to promote implantation. Circulating exosomal miRNAs are potential indicators of normal or complicated gestation. Our previous study revealed that pregnant sows’ serum exosomes had upregulated miR-92b-3p expression compared to non-pregnant sows, and that the expression level progressively increased during early gestation. The present study’s findings indicate that, compared to the ninth day of the estrous cycle (C9), pregnant sows had upregulated miR-92b-3p expression in the endometrium and embryos during the implantation stage ranging from day 9 to day 15 of gestation. Additionally, our results demonstrate that miR-92b-3p promotes the proliferation and migration of Porcine Trophoblast Cells (PTr2). Dual-Luciferase Reporter (DLR) gene assay, real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), and Western blotting (WB) confirmed the bioinformatics prediction that phosphofructokinase-M (PFKM) serves as a target gene of miR-92b-3p. Notably, interference of PFKM gene expression markedly promoted PTr2 proliferation and migration. Furthermore, mice with downregulated uterine miR-92b-3p expression had smaller rates of successful embryo implantation. In summary, miR-92b-3p putatively modulates embryo implantation by promoting PTr2 proliferation and migration via its target gene PFKM.
Spatio-Temporal Mobile Cooperative Charging for Low-Power Wireless Rechargeable Devices

By deploying or scheduling wireless chargers, Wire-less Rechargeable Sensor Networks (WRSNs) can provide continu-ous energy supply for the rechargeable devices. Recently, a novel cooperative charging service model was proposed for WRSNs, which provides a business framework of on-demand wireless charging service. Based on such model, the existing work mainly considered the spatially cooperative charging scheduling problem but ignored the cooperation in temporal dimension. In practice, we can find that the QoS requirement of applications often requires an upper bound constraint on the out-of-service time for each device, which implies the charging service cost can benefit from the temporal cooperation of the devices. In this paper, we focus on the device-initiated mobile cooperative charging problem in both spatial and temporal dimensions. Our objective is to find a spatio-temporal cooperative charging scheduling strategy to minimize the total charging service cost, subject to the constraints that the out-of-service time of each device does not exceed a given upper bound. We first prove the NP-hardness of our target problem, and then devise a greedy-based Charging Service Cost Optimization Algorithm, which can achieve an approximation ratio of In $n+1$ in most of real situations. The extensive simulation results reveal that our solution always outperforms the other solutions in terms of charging service cost.
Artificial Intelligence for Cybersecurity: Offensive Tactics, Mitigation Techniques and Future Directions

Cybersecurity has benefitted from Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies for attack detection. However, recent advances in AI techniques, in tandem with their misuse, have outpaced parallel advancements in cyberattack classification methods that have been achieved through academic and industry-led efforts. We describe the shift in the evolution of AI techniques, and we show how recent AI approaches are effective in helping an adversary attain his/her objectives appertaining to cyberattacks. We also discuss how the current architecture of computer communications enables the development of AI-based adversarial threats against heterogeneous computing platforms and infrastructures.
Parasacral ischial plane block for lower limb wound debridement surgeries – A case series

Parasacral ischial plane block is a novel fascial plane approach to sacral plexus. Parasacral ischial plane block is technically less challenging and obviates the need for direct visualisation of sacral plexus. It can reliably be performed in limb-amputated patients where neuromuscular stimulation is less useful. Ten patients of the American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status II-IV, aged between 18 and 70 years, posted for elective lower limb debridement surgeries were enroled in this prospective case series. The time taken to perform the block was ≤4 minutes in all cases. Time taken for full sensory loss was 9 minutes to 15 minutes. None of the patients developed a complete motor blockade till 30 minutes after our observation. None of the patients required intraoperative supplemental analgesia. This block is technically easy, less time-consuming, and provided adequate sensory analgesia in below-knee surgeries.
Rare Variants in Genes of the Cholesterol Pathway Are Present in 60% of Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a pandemic in which conventional risk factors are inadequate to detect who is at risk early in the asymptomatic stage. Although gene variants in genes related to cholesterol, which may increase the risk of AMI, have been identified, no studies have systematically screened the genes involved in this pathway. In this study, we included 105 patients diagnosed with AMI with an elevation of the ST segment (STEMI) and treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). Using next-generation sequencing, we examined the presence of rare variants in 40 genes proposed to be involved in lipid metabolism and we found that 60% of AMI patients had a rare variant in the genes involved in the cholesterol pathway. Our data show the importance of considering the wide scope of the cholesterol pathway in order to assess the genetic risk related to AMI.
Statistical Analysis in the Presence of Spatial Autocorrelation: Selected Sampling Strategy Effects

Fundamental to most classical data collection sampling theory development is the random drawings assumption requiring that each targeted population member has a known sample selection (i.e., inclusion) probability. Frequently, however, unrestricted random sampling of spatially autocorrelated data is impractical and/or inefficient. Instead, randomly choosing a population subset accounts for its exhibited spatial pattern by utilizing a grid, which often provides improved parameter estimates, such as the geographic landscape mean, at least via its precision. Unfortunately, spatial autocorrelation latent in these data can produce a questionable mean and/or standard error estimate because each sampled population member contains information about its nearby members, a data feature explicitly acknowledged in model-based inference, but ignored in design-based inference. This autocorrelation effect prompted the development of formulae for calculating an effective sample size (i.e., the equivalent number of sample selections from a geographically randomly distributed population that would yield the same sampling error) estimate. Some researchers recently challenged this and other aspects of spatial statistics as being incorrect/invalid/misleading. This paper seeks to address this category of misconceptions, demonstrating that the effective geographic sample size is a valid and useful concept regardless of the inferential basis invoked. Its spatial statistical methodology builds upon the preceding ingredients.
Quantitative Metrics for Grid Resilience Evaluation and Optimization

Power system resilience has become a critical topic in recent years because of the increasing trend of extreme events and the growing integration of intermittent renewable energy sources. To enhance grid resilience against high-impact, low-frequency events, two questions should be answered: how to quantify the resilience of a given grid and how to incorporate the quantification into power system planning, operation, and restoration. This paper develops a new set of quantitative metrics with clear physical interpretation to comprehensively evaluate power system resilience. Using microgrids as an example, an event-based corrective scheduling (ECS) model and an online model predictive control (OMPC) model are developed to integrate the proposed quantitative resilience metrics into power system optimization models for resilience enhancement. The ECS model employs extreme event data to investigate the optimal restoration solution and to help microgrid operators prepare to respond to similar events. The OMPC model provides online decision-making support for operators to handle ongoing outages in the most resilient fashion. The effectiveness and superiority of the proposed quantitative resilience metrics and the resilience enhancement models are demonstrated through simulations and comparative studies on an IEEE test feeder and a real distribution feeder in Southern California.
Influence of Metal Salts Addition on Physical and Electrochemical Properties of Ethyl and Propylammonium Nitrate

In this work, we deepen in the characterization of two protic ionic liquids (PILs), ethylammonium nitrate (EAN) and propylammonium nitrate (PAN). With this aim, we determined the influence of inorganic nitrate salts addition on their physical properties and their electrochemical potential window (EPW). Thus, experimental measurements of electrical conductivity, density, viscosity, refractive index and surface tension of mixtures of {EAN or PAN + LiNO3, Ca(NO3)2, Mg(NO3)2 or Al(NO3)3} at a temperature range between 5 and 95 °C are presented first, except for the last two properties which were measured at 25 °C. In the second part, the corresponding EPWs were determined at 25 °C by linear sweep voltammetry using three different electrochemical cells. Effect of the salt addition was associated mainly with the metal cation characteristics, so, generally, LiNO3 showed the lower influence, followed by Ca(NO3)2, Mg(NO3)2 or Al(NO3)3. The results obtained for the EAN + LiNO3 mixtures, along with those from a previous work, allowed us to develop novel predictive equations for most of the presented physical properties as functions of the lithium salt concentration, the temperature and the water content. Electrochemical results showed that a general order of EPW can be established for both PILs, although exceptions related to measurement conditions and the properties of the mixtures were found.
Retrieval of Suspended Sediment Concentration from Bathymetric Bias of Airborne LiDAR

In addition to depth measurements, airborne LiDAR bathymetry (ALB) has shown usefulness in suspended sediment concentration (SSC) inversion. However, SSC retrieval using ALB based on waveform decomposition or near-water-surface penetration by green lasers requires access to full-waveform data or infrared laser data, which are not always available for users. Thus, in this study we propose a new SSC inversion method based on the depth bias of ALB. Artificial neural networks were used to build an empirical inversion model by connecting the depth bias and SSC. The proposed method was verified using an ALB dataset collected through Optech coastal zone mapping and imaging LiDAR systems. The results showed that the mean square error of the predicted SSC based on the empirical model of ALB depth bias was less than 2.564 mg/L in the experimental area. The proposed method was compared with the waveform decomposition and regression methods. The advantages and limits of the proposed method were analyzed and summarized. The proposed method can effectively retrieve SSC and only requires ALB-derived and sonar-derived water bottom points, eliminating the dependence on the use of green full-waveforms and infrared lasers. This study provides an alternative means of conducting SSC inversion using ALB.
Fault Securing Techniques for Yield and Reliability Enhancement of RRAM

Fault securing techniques based on address remapping (AR) for RRAM are proposed in this paper. We first classify the traditional RRAM fault models into 1-maskable fault and the 0-maskable fault types based on their fault effects. Therefore, the fault effects of most faulty cells can be masked before subject to the usage of ECC and hardware redundancies. Therefore, the burden of ECC and hardware redundancy techniques can be greatly reduced. The corresponding test and repair flow is also presented. A simulator is developed to evaluate the hardware overhead, repair rate, yield, and reliability. According to experimental results, we can enhance these measures significantly with almost negligible hardware overhead.
On L 1 convergence rate of viscous and numerical approximate solutions of genuinely nonlinear scalar conservation laws

We study the rate of convergence of the viscous and numerical approximate solution to the entropy solution of genuinely nonlinear scalar conservation laws with piecewise smooth initial data. We show that the $O(\eps|\log\eps|)$ rate in L1 is indeed optimal for viscous Burgers equation. Through the Hopf--Cole transformation, we can study the detailed structure of $\|u(\cdot,t)- u^\eps(\cdot,t)\|_{L^1}$. For centered rarefaction wave, the $O(\eps|\log\eps|)$ error occurs on the edges where the inviscid solution has a corner, and persists as long as the edges remain. The $O(\eps|\log\eps|)$ error must also occur at the critical time when a new shock forms automatically from the decreasing part of the initial data; thus it is, in general, impossible to maintain $O(\eps)$ rate for all t > 0. In contrast to the centered rarefaction wave case, the $O(\eps|\log\eps|)$ error at critical time is transient. It resumes the $O(\eps)$ rate right after the critical time due to nonlinear effect. Similar examples of some .
Modeling protein–nucleic acid complexes with extremely large conformational changes using Flex‐LZerD

Proteins and nucleic acids are key components in many processes in living cells, and interactions between proteins and nucleic acids are often crucial pathway components. In many cases, large flexibility of proteins as they interact with nucleic acids is key to their function. To understand the mechanisms of these processes, it is necessary to consider the 3D atomic structures of such protein–nucleic acid complexes. When such structures are not yet experimentally determined, protein docking can be used to computationally generate useful structure models. However, such docking has long had the limitation that the consideration of flexibility is usually limited to small movements or to small structures. We previously developed a method of flexible protein docking which could model ordered proteins which undergo large‐scale conformational changes, which we also showed was compatible with nucleic acids. Here, we elaborate on the ability of that pipeline, Flex‐LZerD, to model specifically interactions between proteins and nucleic acids, and demonstrate that Flex‐LZerD can model more interactions and types of conformational change than previously shown.
Mechanisms of Antifungal Properties of Metal Nanoparticles

Highlights What are the main findings? Mechanisms by which nanoparticles exert their damage on fungi were described. Transcriptomic studies regarding exposure to nanoparticles were analyzed. What is the implication of the main finding? Potential applications and future venues were discussed. More studies are needed to determine the safety of future applications of metallic nanoparticles. Abstract The appearance of resistant species of fungi to the existent antimycotics is challenging for the scientific community. One emergent technology is the application of nanotechnology to develop novel antifungal agents. Metal nanoparticles (NPs) have shown promising results as an alternative to classical antimycotics. This review summarizes and discusses the antifungal mechanisms of metal NPs, including combinations with other antimycotics, covering the period from 2005 to 2022. These mechanisms include but are not limited to the generation of toxic oxygen species and their cellular target, the effect of the cell wall damage and the hyphae and spores, and the mechanisms of defense implied by the fungal cell. Lastly, a description of the impact of NPs on the transcriptomic and proteomic profiles is discussed.
English word grammar

Part 1 Theory: general introduction propositions and their formal properties default inheritance linguistic and non-linguistic concepts categories in language syntactic structures semantic structures. Part 2 English: word classes morphology dependency types word order simple clauses some lexical entries for verbs the simple noun phrase some lexical entries for nouns passives extraction/topics, interrogatives and relatives co-ordination.
Management of Alveolar Cleft Defect by Iliac Crest Secondary Bone Grafting: A Case Report

Abstract Aim and objective This case report aims to describe the management of alveolar cleft defect by iliac crest secondary bone grafting. Background The secondary alveolar bone grafting performed during the mixed dentition period is an essential module of modern-day rehabilitation of cleft lip and palate patients with alveolar defects. Iliac crest bone graft is a frequent secondary graft used and is technique sensitive. Case description A 12-year-old girl with alveolar cleft defect having problems with speech and regurgitation of fluids from nostril was presented and its management by a combination of iliac crest bone grafting and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) was described. Conclusion One year recall radiograph showed successful bone augmentation with this secondary alveolar bone grafting along with application of platelet rich plasma (PRP). Clinical significance Osseous integration can be enhanced by PRP application over the graft which gives greater clinical outcome with less invasiveness. How to cite this article Vemagiri CT, Damera S, Pamidi VRC, et al. Management of Alveolar Cleft Defect by Iliac Crest Secondary Bone Grafting: A Case Report. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022;15(4):472-474.
An Improved Second-Moment Closure Model of Langmuir Turbulence

AbstractA prior second-moment closure (SMC) model of Langmuir turbulence in the upper ocean is modified by introduction of inhomogeneous pressure–strain rate and pressure–scalar gradient closures that are similar to the high Reynolds number, near-wall treatments for solid wall boundaries. This repairs several near-surface defects in the algebraic Reynolds stress model (ARSM) of the prior SMC by redirecting Craik–Leibovich (CL) vortex force production of turbulent kinetic energy out of the surface-normal vertical component and into a horizontal one, with an associated reduction in near-surface CL production of vertical momentum flux. A surface-proximity function introduces a new closure parameter that is tuned to previous results from large-eddy simulations (LES), and a numerical SMC model based on stability functions from the new ARSM produces improved comparisons with mean profiles of momentum and TKE components from steady-state LES results forced by aligned wind and waves. An examination of higher-orde.
COBREX: A Tool for Extracting Business Rules from COBOL

COBOL (Common Business-Oriented Language) has had a strong presence for the last five decades and is still prevalent in the finance and banking sectors and other organizations. The systems which were earlier written in COBOL have now become legacy systems. Therefore, it has become essential to maintain and migrate these legacy COBOL systems. These legacy systems on which companies rely consist of embedded logic to run their business rules and day-to-day operations. Due to ever-changing requirements, these business rules need to be revisited and updated regularly. Understanding the code that enforces the business rules is critical for system evolution. However, this is time-consuming, laborious, and error-prone. Also, the documentation of these systems is sometimes inadequate and may be inconsistent with current organizational policies. Furthermore, the number of current-age developers working on COBOL has been drastically reduced, and they are mainly unfamiliar with legacy systems. To aid this, we propose a tool called COBREX to extract COBOL business rules using a CFG-based approach. The tool’s main aim is to help the researchers and practitioners to understand COBOL source code by extracting and comprehending the business rules. The demo of the tool can be found here - https://youtu.be/3QODmOkISL0 and the details of the tool can be found here -https://rishalab.github. io/COBREXdoc/.