Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SSB-Based Signal Processing for Passive Radar Using a 5G Network

This article presents an alternative processing chain for the passive radar using fifth-generation (5G) standard technology for broadband cellular networks as illuminators of opportunity. The proposition is to use a 5G synchronization signal block's (SSB) periodically transmitted modulated pulse in 5G-based passive coherent location (PCL) system processing. Although the SSB periodicity limits the velocity ambiguity, the article describes a solution to tackle this problem in a single target scenario. The method is advantageous when there is a lack of transmission in the telecommunication channel, and the 5G SSB is the only existing signal. The article proposes a signal processing pipeline for a 5G-based PCL that is inspired by passive radars using noncooperative pulse radar as an illumination source. The method has been validated using simulated and real-life 5G data measurements. The results presented in the article show the possibility of detecting a moving target with a lack of data transmission in the 5G network, using only the SSB when the classical passive radar signal processing fails. The presented results prove the possibility for a significant increase of 5G network-based PCL utilization in short-range applications.
Estimation of magnetic moment and anisotropy energy of magnetic markers for biosensing application

We present a method to evaluate the magnetic moment (m) and the anisotropy energy (E) of magnetic markers, which are the key parameters employed in biosensing applications. The distributions of the m and E values in the marker are evaluated by analyzing the static magnetization (M-H) curve of the suspended markers and the frequency dependence of the AC susceptibility of the immobilized markers, respectively. Then, we obtain the relationship between m and E. In the experiment, four markers made of multicore and single core nanoparticles are examined. We obtain distributions of the m and E values, which show the particular characteristics of each marker. Although the m and E values are widely distributed in the marker, a clear relationship is obtained between the values. Therefore, the obtained m-E curve, as well as the distribution of the m and E values, provides a framework to discuss the dynamic behavior of the immobilized markers. The difference in the estimated m-E curves between the markers is also di.
Double Exponential Families and Their Use in Generalized Linear Regression

Abstract In one-parameter exponential families such as the binomial and Poisson, the variance is a function of the mean. Double exponential families allow the introduction of a second parameter that controls variance independently of the mean. Double families are used as constituent distributions in generalized linear regressions, in which both means and variances are allowed to depend on observed covariates. The theory is applied to two examples—a logistic regression and a large two-way contingency table. In such cases the binomial model of variance is often untrustworthy. For example, because genuine random sampling was infeasible, the subjects may have been obtained in clumps so that the statistician should really be using smaller sample sizes. Clumped sampling is just one of many possible causes of overdispersion, a habitual source of concern to users of binomial and Poisson models. This article concerns a class of regression families that allow the statistician to model overdispersion while carrying .
Properties of Hereditary Hypergraphs and Middle Graphs

Abstract The middle graph of a graph G=( V, E) is the graph M(G) = (V∪E, E′), in which two vertices u, v are adjacent if either M is a vertex in V and v is an edge in E containing u, or u and v are edges in E having a vertex in common. Middle graphs have been characterized in terms of line graphs by Hamada and Yoshimura [7], who also investigated their traversability and connectivity properties. In this paper another characterization of middle graphs is presented, in which they are viewed as a class of intersection (representative) graphs of hereditary hypergraphs. Graph theoretic parameters associated with the concepts of vertex independence, dominance, and irredundance for middle graphs are discussed, and equalities relating the chromatic number of a graph to these parameters are obtained.
Fibrous flexible solid-type dye-sensitized solar cells without transparent conducting oxide

We have explored a type of all-solid fibrous flexible dye-sensitized solar cells without transparent conducting oxide based on a CuI electrolyte. The working electrode’s substrate is a metal wire. Cu wire counterelectrode is twisted with the dye-sensitized and CuI-coated working electrode. The cell’s apparent diameter is about 150μm. The cell’s current-voltage output depends little on the incident angle of light. A 4-cm-long fibrous cell’s open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current generate 304mV and 0.032mA, respectively. The interfacial interaction between the two electrodes has a significant influence on the inner charge transfer of the cell.
The research of Shaolin Wushu in China: data analysis based on Citespace V

In order to overall examine the Chinese research of the development dynamic, hotspots and trends of Shaolin Wushu, this paper used Citespace V software to make a scientometric and visual analysis on160 papers regarding Shaolin Wushu. The papers were selected from core journals, CSSCI and CSCD of CNKI database from 1992 to 2021. First, it was found that the number of published papers in Shaolin Wushu showed a normal distribution, reaching a peak in 2013, and then gradually declining. Based on the research institutions, the top three in terms of published papers were Henan University, Zhengzhou University, and Anyang Normal University, all of that were in Henan Province which was the main province for publishing Shaolin Wushu research. Second, the research in the field of Shaolin Wushu was relatively scattered, and a stable group of journals were not formed. Third, a stable group of authors publishing the papers of Shaolin Wushu were not made, and most of the current research were privately written. Fourth, the hotspot in the field of Shaolin Wushu were consisted of Shaolin Temple, Wushu culture, Chinese Wushu, sports tourism and sports history. The focus of Shaolin Wushu research is to be expanding, and the research topics tend is to be diversified and integrated.
DISTRIBUTED PROXIMAL-GRADIENT METHOD FOR CONVEX OPTIMIZATION WITH INEQUALITY CONSTRAINTS

Abstract We consider a distributed optimization problem over a multi-agent network, in which the sum of several local convex objective functions is minimized subject to global convex inequality constraints. We first transform the constrained optimization problem to an unconstrained one, using the exact penalty function method. Our transformed problem has a smaller number of variables and a simpler structure than the existing distributed primal–dual subgradient methods for constrained distributed optimization problems. Using the special structure of this problem, we then propose a distributed proximal-gradient algorithm over a time-changing connectivity network, and establish a convergence rate depending on the number of iterations, the network topology and the number of agents. Although the transformed problem is nonsmooth by nature, our method can still achieve a convergence rate, ${\mathcal{O}}(1/k)$, after $k$ iterations, which is faster than the rate, ${\mathcal{O}}(1/\sqrt{k})$, of existing distributed subgradient-based methods. Simulation experiments on a distributed state estimation problem illustrate the excellent performance of our proposed method.
The Research Hotspots and Frontiers of Black Soldier Fly during 1994-2021: A Bibliometric Analysis

Black soldier fly (BSF) studies have attracted increasing scientific attention because of their role in determining sustainability. However, there exists rare quantitative analyses of the scientific literature on research of BSF, especially for visual analyzing from the systematical and bibliometric perspective has not been reported. Therefore, the investigation on the temporal development, scientific collaboration, research hotspots and frontiers in terms of BSF over the last 28 years (1994-2021) is executed for the first time. Combined with the Web of Science Core Collection database, this study collected 914 literatures from 1994 to 2021 that were conducted co-occurrence, co-citation and cluster analysis via CiteSpace software. The main findings are as follows: Firstly, research on BSF has advanced rapidly during the recent five years and Italy, USA and China were the three core force leaders countries with the high publications, centrality and cooperation degrees. In addition, Huazhong Agr Univ showed the core force ranked the third in the world of BSF research, which had high publications and strong cooperation with international institutions. Furthermore, in terms of keyword co-occurrence, time-zone and burst analysis delineated biological characteristics, application and management of BSF larvae were the main research themes. And early studies concentrated on BSF development and breeding, and current hotspots include exploiting BSF larvae as animal feed and recycling organic wastes. Additionally, based on co-cited references cluster analysis, it was concluded that the bioconversion and animal feed using the BSF larvae will still be the focus research fields in the near future, and the technical improvement on the efficiency of bioconversion, integrating the healthy, safety and eco-friendly that future studies should focus on, supporting policy making that indicate the prospective research field on BSF and it’s applications.
Covariance shaping multiuser detection

where S is the matrix of length-N signatures sm, A = diag(A1, . . . , AM ) is the matrix of received amplitudes Am > 0, b is the vector of transmitted bits bm ∈ {1,−1}, and n is a zero-mean Gaussian noise vector with covariance Cn = σ I. Multiuser receivers for CDMA detection try to mitigate the effect of the multiple-access interference (MAI) and the background noise [1]. We restrict our attention to linear receivers that do not require knowledge of the channel parameters Am and σ . The receiver estimates x = Ab as x̂ = Q∗r for some matrix Q. The mth user’s bit is then detected as b̂m = sgn (x̂m) where x̂m is the mth component of x̂. The matched filter (MF) results from choosing Q = S. This receiver optimally compensates for the white noise but ignores the MAI. The decorrelator results from using a least-squares estimator of x, and corresponds to Q = S(S∗S)† where (·)† denotes the pseudoinverse. The decorrelator optimally rejects the MAI for linearly independent signatures; however, the inverse operation may lead to an output noise component with large variance and a covariance structure with a very high dynamic range, resulting in degraded performance.
Phisiological Responses to Extreme Events of a Different Mean Intensity and Variability in a Foudation Macroalga at its Distributional Limit

Changes on the mean intensity or temporal variability of climatic extreme events have been reported all over the globe. Interactive effects within those factors driving community response to several types of disturbances on benthic systems have been studied but research in the context of climate change and specifically about organisms physiological response to those changes is nearly absent. We carried out two types of manipulative experiments simulating different mean intensity and temporal variance of extreme events based on seawater and air temperature on the intertidal area, using a common intertidal species in the area of study, namely Fucus serratus. The selection of temperatures was done based on the results obtained on a selection of stress level experiment, where F. serratus was maintained at 12 different temperatures within the interval between 8 and 30oC during 6 weeks. Both experiments showed statistically significant or near to significant effects of the interaction within intensity and temporal variance of extreme events on the growth and physiological response of F. serratus individuals. The trends observed were similar in seawater and air temperature experiments; it seemed that high temporal variance may be buffering the negative effects of high intensity. The idea discussed by other authors of temporal variance being a determinant key factor on high intensity rather than in low intensity events was supported by our results, although it was not in all response variables. Our results revealed interactive effects of mean intensity and temporal variance of seawater and air temperature stress events on F. serratus growth and physiological response and provided empirical support to Jensen’s inequality. The mechanisms driving these responses remains still unknown, thus future work may aim on the plasticity of species, regarding acclimation and recovery responses under climate change scenarios.
Small-amplitude nonlinear dust acoustic wave a magnetized dusty plasma with charge fluctuation

Some properties of nonlinear dust acoustic waves in magnetized dusty plasma with variable charges by reductive perturbation technique have been studied. The effect of adiabatic dust charge variations under the assumption that the ratio of dust charging time to the dust hydrodynamical time is very small, and the nonadiabatic dust charges variations under the assumption that the same ratio is small but finite, are also incorporated. It is seen that the magnetic field and the dust charge variations significantly modify the wave amplitude. It is also seen that in case of adiabatic charge variations, the Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation governs the nonlinear dust acoustic wave, whereas in case of nonadiabatic dust charge variations, the wave is governed by the KdV Burger equation. Nonadiabaticity generated anomalous dissipative effect causes generation of the dust acoustic shock wave. Numerical integration of KdV Burger equation shows that the dust acoustic wave admits oscillatory (dispersion dominant) or monotone (dissipation dominant) shock solutions depending on the magnitude of the coefficient of the Burger term.
Discontinuous Galerkin finite element discretization of a strongly anisotropic diffusion operator

The discretization of a diffusion equation with a strong anisotropy by a discontinuous Galerkin finite element method is investigated. This diffusion term is implemented in the tracer equation of an ocean model, thanks to a symmetric tensor that is composed of diapycnal and isopycnal diffusions. The strong anisotropy comes from the difference of magnitude order between both diffusions. As the ocean model uses interior penalty terms to ensure numerical stability, a new penalty factor is required in order to correctly deal with the anisotropy of this diffusion. Two penalty factors from the literature are improved and established from the coercivity property. One of them takes into account the diffusion in the direction normal to the interface between the elements. After comparison, the latter is better because the spurious numerical diffusion is weaker than with the penalty factor proposed in the literature. It is computed with a transformed coordinate system in which the diffusivity tensor is diagonal, using its eigenvalue decomposition. Furthermore, this numerical scheme is validated with the method of manufactured solutions. It is finally applied to simulate the evolution of temperature and salinity due to turbulent processes in an idealized Arctic Ocean. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Discussion on Environmental Literacy for Students Participating in University Social Responsibility Practice

Based on the implementation of University Social Responsibility (USR) practice, takes A project of the “Construction of Green Environmental Education Co-learning Base” has been carried out by Da-Yeh University. The achievement of students’ environmental literacy in social participation should be a part of testing the effectiveness of the USR program. In this program three aspects such as the cognition, attitude of participatory learning, and the self-evaluated effectiveness of environmental literacy in questionnaire survey for students have been studied. A total of 145 questionnaires were collected to the high school students, university students and USR volunteers who participated in the four activities. Results show that students in the USR program for participatory learning presented environmental literacy in those three aspects as medium to high agreement in each activity. However, the performance of three aspects of overall environmental literacy is not related to gender or grade. Under the variable of the frequency of volunteers, there is a significant difference only in the aspect of effectiveness. It is inferred that the more frequency of volunteering, the better the effect. Those who have participated in environmental protection associations have better attitude and effectiveness, too. Students in the USR program had high significant and high correlations between personal characteristics, attitude, and effectiveness.
Curvature and pressure-gradient effects on a small-defect wake

A fully developed two-dimensional turbulent wake was deflected by an airfoil-like thin plate placed at small angles in the external flow. The response of the mean-flow and turbulence properties of the wake to the ‘mild’ pressure gradient and the ‘mild’ streamline curvature caused by the deflection is studied. Owing to the small defect velocity, the extra strain rates are large compared with the main shear strain and the Reynolds stresses are strongly influenced by both the pressure gradient and the streamline curvature. The defect velocity relative to an appropriately chosen ‘potential-flow velocity’, and the mean vorticity, however, are not as strongly influenced by the curvature. Changes in the magnitudes of the Reynolds-stress components are much larger than would be caused by the simple rotation of coordinates aligned with the wake path. Most turbulence-model parameters are influenced significantly, while some pure turbulence parameters, such as the Taylor microscale, are relatively uninfluenced. The rapid and lagged responses are apparent and the terms in the transport equation for turbulent kinetic energy indicate that the response of the production terms is almost instantaneous, while the diffusion and dissipation terms are delayed.
Atomic physics with super-high intensity lasers

We review the phenonomena which occur in multiphoton physics when the electric field of the applied laser radiation becomes comparable with the Coulomb field strength seen by an electron in the ground state of atomic hydrogen. This field is reached at an irradiance of approximately . The normal perturbative photon-by-photon based picture of the interaction of individual electrons with the field is replaced by a tunnelling picture in which, in a time of the order of, or less than one optical cycle, atomic wavepackets are generated which escape the confining Coulomb potential. These wavepackets are strongly influenced by the laser, `quiver' and may be accelerated back to the parent ion in a recollision process. Phase-coherent effects locked to the laser field become important: high harmonics are generated from these recollisions. We discuss the theory of such effects, and review progress in understanding how this quiver motion can be coherently controlled. We discuss ionization dynamics and review mechanisms by which atoms may be stabilized in very strong fields. Finally, we discuss relativistic effects which occur at very high-intensities.
A technique for using radio jets as extended gravitational lensing probes

A new and potentially powerful method of measuring the mass of a galaxy (or dark matter concentration) which lies close in position to a background polarized radio jet is proposed. Using the fact that the polarization angle is not changed by lensing, an alignment-breaking parameter is defined which is a sensitive indicator of gravitational distortion. The method remains sensitive over a wide redshift range of the gravitational lens. This technique is applied to the analysis of polarimetric observations of the jet of 3C 9 at z = 2.012, combined with a newly discovered 20.3 mag foreground galaxy at z = 0.2538 to weigh the galaxy and obtain an approximate upper limit to the mass-to-light ratio. 15 refs.
Experimental study on the suppressive effect of B3GNT3 on the apoptosis of lung adenocarcinoma cells and its application in early screening for lung adenocarcinoma

Background Lung adenocarcinoma, as a common histological type in lung cancer, the overall survival is very low, and the prognosis is poor because it is difficult to find and easily recurs. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the role of the secreted protein beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 3 (B3GNT3) in the development of lung adenocarcinoma and to evaluate its potential significance for early clinical biomarker screening. Methods The mRNA expression profiles of patients with lung adenocarcinoma and normal controls were analyzed via The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Serum samples of clinical lung cancer patients and healthy people were obtained, and the differences in B3GNT3 expression in different stages of lung adenocarcinoma and in healthy tissues were compared. Kaplan-Meier (K-M) curves were drawn to clarify the influence of high and low expression of B3GNT3 on the prognosis of patients. Peripheral blood samples from patients with lung adenocarcinoma and healthy people were obtained clinically, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn to clarify the sensitivity and specificity of B3GNT3 expression for the diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma. Lung adenocarcinoma cells were cultured in vitro, the expression of B3GNT3 was knocked down by lentivirus infection. The expression of the apoptosis-associated genes was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results The secreted protein B3GNT3 is significantly differentially expressed in the serum of patients with lung adenocarcinoma versus normal controls. Subgroup analysis according to lung adenocarcinoma clinical stage showed that the higher the clinical stage of lung adenocarcinoma was, the higher the B3GNT3 expression. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) revealed that B3GNT3 expression was significantly increased in the serum of patients with lung adenocarcinoma and significantly decreased after surgery. By inhibiting programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), the level of apoptosis was significantly increased and the proliferative capacity was significantly inhibited. In contrast, the level of apoptosis was significantly increased and the proliferation ability was significantly inhibited after simultaneous overexpression of B3GNT3 and inhibition of PD-L1. Conclusions High expression of the secreted protein B3GNT3 in lung adenocarcinoma is closely related to prognosis and can serve as a potential biological marker for the early screening of lung adenocarcinoma.
ANOMALOUS INFRARED VIBRATIONS OF NANOMETER- SIZED Fe 2 O 3 PARTICLES

This paper reports the anomalous infrared spectra of nanometer-sized Fe2O3 particles under certain conditions: some IR absorption peaks obviously shift, theirrelative intensities are changed; all peaks are remarkably broadened; and a broadbackground-absorption band appears. It is suggested that these anomalous IR chac-teristics indicate thata structural phase transition occurs, which results from the polaronic effect due to the increasing of electron-phonon coupling. This effect not only contains the contribution of LO phonons, but also the contribution of softmodes produced by interfacial atoms or molecules.