Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
HIGH Sr/Y ARC MAGMAS AND PORPHYRY Cu ± Mo ± Au DEPOSITS: JUST ADD WATER

Porphyry Cu ± Mo ± Au deposits are commonly associated with intermediate composition arc-related igneous rocks with high Sr/Y (and La/Yb) ratios, and such rocks are equated by some researchers with melts derived from subducted oceanic crust undergoing eclogite facies metamorphism (“adakites”). However, similar geochemical characteristics are readily developed in normal asthenospheric mantle wedge-derived magmas by fractionation of amphibole and/or garnet, and/or by interaction with crustal materials during ascent through the upper plate lithosphere. While there is widespread evidence for such fractionation and contamination processes in porphyry magmas, there is little direct evidence for an origin by slab melting. The enhanced fertility of arc magmas relates primarily to their high water content, which is required for the formation of magmatic-hydrothermal systems upon shallow crustal emplacement. Magmatic water contents >4 wt percent H 2 O cause abundant amphibole (± garnet) fractionation but suppression of plagioclase crystallization at deep crustal levels, resulting in increasing Sr/Y and La/Yb ratios with differentiation, commonly into “adakitic” ranges, but not reflecting slab melting. Additional factors that affect arc magma fertility are relatively high oxidation states and sulfur content, but these are secondary to the requirement for sufficient water. Thus, arc magmatic suites with high Sr/Y ratios and evidence for the presence of hydrous phenocryst phases (hornblende and/or biotite) are indeed prospective for porphyry Cu ± Mo ± Au deposits, but only because these parameters indicate high magmatic water content.
Ultrasonic Index Modulation With Spread Spectrum for Intra-Body Communications

Ultrasonic intra-body communication (IBC) is an emerging technique to enable revolutionary healthcare applications. This paper proposes an ultrasonic index modulation with spread spectrum (UsIM-SS) scheme for IBCs. The information bits consist of modulation bits and index bits. The core idea of UsIM-SS is that the modulation bits are spread by spreading codes and the index bits are leveraged to select the time-hoping sequence to transmit the spreading bits. We also find that the existing ultrasonic wideband (UsWB) and UsIM can be regarded as special cases of the proposed UsIM-SS. Furthermore, the soft decision-based maximum likelihood (S-ML) receiver and hard decision-based ML (H-ML) receiver are proposed for UsIM-SS, providing a trade-off between bit-error rate (BER) and complexity. Theoretical spectrum efficiency (SE) and BER expressions for UsIM-SS using S-ML and H-ML are also derived and verified by extensive Monte Carlo simulations. Both theoretical and simulation results show that UsIM-SS can achieve lower BER and higher SE than existing UsWB and Us 1M techniques.
Pride Medical at Capitol Hill: A New Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer/Questioning plus (LGBTQ+) Patient Care Option at Kaiser Permanente Mid-Atlantic States

When accessing medical care, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer/questioning plus (LGBTQ+) individuals face many known challenges, including stigma, discrimination, and health disparities. Transgender and nonbinary individuals often encounter physicians and staff who are not knowledgeable about gender-affirming services and the transition journey. Finding an affirming physician can be a trial-and-error process, causing concern and uncertainty. In 2021, Kaiser Permanente Mid-Atlantic States (KPMAS) researchers published a study examining the gaps in care and experience for transgender and nonbinary patients within the KPMAS healthcare system. KPMAS realized an opportunity to both close the gaps in care identified by transgender and nonbinary patients and enhance services for the broader LGBTQ+ patient community by creating Pride Medical at Capitol Hill—an additional and optional care site for individuals who identify as LGBTQ+. During the analysis timeframe of 30 June 2021 through 30 November 2022, 586 patients accessed care through 763 visits. A total of 675 visits (88%) were for primary care and 88 (12%) for OB/GYN. Over 50% (n = 384) of total visits were conducted virtually. The plurality of patients seen identified as a man (35%; n = 204) and gay (30%; n = 176). Postvisit survey results showed that 92% of survey respondents strongly agreed that the physician treated them with courtesy and respect, and 72% of survey respondents rated their overall care as excellent. Survey results show high acceptability of this program among the patients served. Pride Medical does not carve out care. The program offers patients access to a more specialized team of physicians—a similar model to other specialties—that is easily found by the division name Pride Medical. Layering additional specialty divisions on top of existing care, for interested patients, could be an option for other medical groups and health systems seeking to offer additional options of care for interested LGBTQ+ patients.
Effects of Branched-Chain Fatty Acids Derived from Yak Ghee on Lipid Metabolism and the Gut Microbiota in Normal-Fat Diet-Fed Mice

Branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs) are natural components with a variety of biological activities. However, the regulation of lipid metabolism by BCFAs is unknown. It was dedicated to examining the impacts of BCFAs inferred from yak ghee on the expression of qualities related to lipid metabolism, natural pathways, and intestinal microbiota in mice. The treatment group (purified BCFAs from yak ghee) exhibited a decrease in cholesterol levels; a decrease in HMGCR levels; downregulation of FADS1, FADS2, ACC-α, FAS, GAPT4, GPAM, ACSL1, THRSP, A-FABP, and PPARα gene expression; and upregulation of SCD1, ACSS1, FABP1, CPT1, and DGAT-1 gene expression. Gut microbiota 16S rDNA sequencing analysis showed that the treatment group improved the gut microbiota by increasing the relative abundances and increasing the short-chain fatty acid levels produced by the genera Akkermansia, Clostridium, Lachnospiraceae, Lactobacillus, Anaerotaenia, and Prevotella. After adding BCFAs to cultured breast cancer cells, pathways that were downregulated were found to be related to fatty acid degradation and fatty acid metabolism, while 20 other pathways were upregulated. Our results suggest that BCFAs reduce body fat in mice by modulating intestinal flora and lipid metabolism and modulating fatty acid metabolism in breast cancer cells.
Changes in Plasma Pyruvate and TCA Cycle Metabolites upon Increased Hepatic Fatty Acid Oxidation and Ketogenesis in Male Wistar Rats

Altered hepatic mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation and associated tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle activity contributes to lifestyle-related diseases, and circulating biomarkers reflecting these changes could have disease prognostic value. This study aimed to determine hepatic and systemic changes in TCA-cycle-related metabolites upon the selective pharmacologic enhancement of mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation in the liver, and to elucidate the mechanisms and potential markers of hepatic mitochondrial activity. Male Wistar rats were treated with 3-thia fatty acids (e.g., tetradecylthioacetic acid (TTA)), which target mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation, and ketogenesis predominantly in the liver. Hepatic and plasma concentrations of TCA cycle intermediates and anaplerotic substrates (LC-MS/MS), plasma ketones (colorimetric assay), and acylcarnitines (HPLC-MS/MS), along with associated TCA-cycle-related gene expression (qPCR) and enzyme activities, were determined. TTA-induced hepatic fatty acid β-oxidation resulted in an increased ratio of plasma ketone bodies/nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA), lower plasma malonyl-CoA levels, and a higher ratio of plasma acetylcarnitine/palmitoylcarnitine (C2/C16). These changes were associated with decreased hepatic and increased plasma pyruvate concentrations, and increased plasma concentrations of succinate, malate, and 2-hydroxyglutarate. Expression of several genes encoding TCA cycle enzymes and the malate–oxoglutarate carrier (Slc25a11), glutamate dehydrogenase (Gdh), and malic enzyme (Mdh1 and Mdh2) were significantly increased. In conclusion, the induction of hepatic mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation by 3-thia fatty acids lowered hepatic pyruvate while increasing plasma pyruvate, as well as succinate, malate, and 2-hydroxyglutarate.
Evaluation of a Manual Cytocentrifuge versus the Standard Automated Cytocentrifuge in the Analysis of Canine Cerebrospinal Fluid: A Case Series of 55 Dogs

Simple Summary Veterinary cytology has become a cornerstone method for confirming initial clinical diagnosis, guiding early owner communication and therapeutic planning. Cytology is often acclaimed for the ease of obtaining samples, quick results and lower cost when compared with other diagnostic tests. The analysis of cerebrospinal fluid plays a central role in the management of neurologic patients. Cerebrospinal fluid is typically a low-protein, low-cell fluid that must be rapidly cytocentrifuged to obtain a good-quality cytologic slide, called a cytospin. Automated cytocentrifuges are relatively expensive pieces of equipment typically only available in veterinary and human diagnostic laboratories, but are not usually available for use in routine clinical practice. A low-cost manual cytocentrifuge is readily available and has been developed to obtain in-clinic cytospins of a variety of fluid samples. In this study, the use of a manual cytocentrifuge was validated for analysis of canine cerebrospinal fluids in routine clinical practice. Abstract Cytospins are important for evaluating fluids with very low cellularity such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The aim of this study was to compare the CSF cytospin preparations obtained from automated and manual cytocentrifugation methods. A prospective case series was performed to analyze canine CSF samples using both centrifugation methods. The cytospins were processed within 30–60 min and prepared simultaneously in a conventional automated cytocentrifuge and in an in-house manual cytocentrifuge, using a fixed volume of CSF fluid. The cellularity, differential cell count and the proportion of cell artifacts (pseudopods and vacuolization) were blindly assessed in the cytospin preparations obtained using the two methods. The agreement and correlation between both methods were analyzed. There were 55 dogs enrolled (48 prospectively and 7 retrospectively) in the study. 38 dogs had normal total nucleated cell counts, while 17 had pleocytosis. Automated and manual cytocentrifugation had similar cell yields, and no significant differences in differential cell counts or the presence of artifacts existed between both methods. In cases with pleocytosis, the cytologic diagnosis obtained using each method was similar. Manual cytocentrifugation of CSF is a reliable and economic method designed for routine clinical practice. Its use reduces the specimen deterioration related to processing and analysis delays when samples are transported to external laboratories for evaluation.
Electrothermal Power Cycling to Failure of Discrete Planar, Symmetrical Double-Trench and Asymmetrical Trench SiC MOSFETs

While SiC MOSFETs are now being utilized in industry their robustness under heavy-duty applications still remains a concern. In this paper, the results of experimental measurements of degradation to failure of different structured SiC power MOSFETs, namely the planar, symmetrical double-trench and asymmetrical trench structures are presented following electrothermal stressing by power cycling to beyond the safe operating area (SOA) limits. The tests are categorised in to subsets with/without forced cooling. The first set of tests involve successive switchings of the devices under constant DC current supply while their case temperature is monitored in real-time to evaluate their thermal performance. The symmetrical double-trench and asymmetrical trench MOSFETs are found to experience a higher case temperature rise thus prone to breakdown while failure is not observed in the planar structured device. The second experiment stresses the devices during continuous power cyclings with force cooling applied, in which the symmetrical and asymmetrical double-trench MOSFETs still encounter failure with detectable breakdown on the gate oxides, compared with the planar device which only exhibits degradation, without failure, with indications of aging.
Hardness of (Semiuniform) MLWE with Short Distributions Using the Rényi Divergence

The module learning with errors (MLWE) problem has attracted considerable attention for its tradeoff between security and efficiency. The quantum/classical worst-case to average-case hardness for the MLWE problem (or more exactly, a family of problems) has been established, but most of the known results require the seed distribution to be the uniform distribution. In the present paper, we show that, using the noise flooding technique based on the Rényi divergence, the search MLWE problem with uniform B -bounded secret distribution for 1 ≤ B ≪ q can still be hard for some seed distributions that are not (even computationally indistinguishable from) the uniform distribution under the standard MLWE assumption. Specifically, we show that if the seed distribution is a semiuniform distribution (namely, the seed distribution can be publicly derived from and has a “small difference” to the uniform distribution), then for suitable parameter choices, the search MLWE problem with uniform bounded secret distribution is hard under the standard MLWE assumption. Moreover, we also show that under the appropriate setting of parameters, the search MLWE problem with uniform bounded noise distribution is at least as hard as the standard MLWE assumption using a different approach than the one used by Boudgoust et al. in [JoC 2023].
Parameterized Deep Reinforcement Learning With Hybrid Action Space for Edge Task Offloading

Multiaccess edge computing (MEC) has emerged as a promising solution that can enable low-end terminal devices to run large complex applications by offloading their tasks to edge servers. The task offloading strategy, determining how to offload tasks, remains the most critical issue of MEC. Traditional offloading approaches either suffer from high computational complexity or poor self-adjustability to dynamic changes in the edge environment. Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) provides an effective way to tackle these issues. However, most existing DRL-based methods solely consider either a continuous or a discrete action space, where the limited action space results in accuracy loss and restricts the optimality of offloading decisions. Nevertheless, the edge task offloading problem in practice often confronts both discrete and continuous actions. In this article, we propose a tailored proximal policy optimization (PPO)-based method, named Hybrid-PPO, enhanced by the parameterized discrete-continuous hybrid action space. Assisted with Hybrid-PPO, we further design a novel DRL-based multiserver multitask collaborative partial task offloading scheme adhering to a series of specifically built formal models. Experimental results prove that our approach achieves high offloading efficiency and outperforms the existing state-of-the-art offloading schemes in terms of convergence rate, energy cost, time cost, and generalizability under various network conditions.
Effect of 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyloxyacetic acid on Clementine early fruitlet development and on fruit size at maturity

SummaryThe synthetic auxin 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyloxyacetic acid increased fruit size of the Clementine ‘Fina’ (Citrus reticulata Blanco) mandarin. When applied during the “June drop”, increasing concentrations of 3,5,6-TPA increased fruit size, with a maximum response at 20 mg l−1, but thinned up to 80% of fruits. However, an initial depressive effect on fruit growth was observed due to treatment. When sprays were applied after the June drop, fruit size was improved, but diameter increment was significantly greater only for 20 mg l−1. However, fruit thinning was much less, with a maximum of 40% for 25 mg l−1, equivalent to the thinning obtained with 10 mg l−1 applied during the June drop. No depressive effect of treatment on fruit growth occurred. Our results indicate that final fruit size is only partially related to fruit competition; only when fruit thinning was very heavy (higher than 40%) did it affect fruit size. Treated fruit accumulated significantly greater amounts of dry matter in the juice s.
Daisy Chaining Kalman Filter Control Allocation

In this article, a novel Control Allocation (CA) approach based on Daisy Chaining and Kalman Filter CA (DCKFCA) approaches is presented. The proposed algorithm aims at overcoming the most common limitations of the existing algorithms: compensation of the different actuator dynamics and switching between different groups of actuators. These two limitations impact negatively the performance of the overall system and the closed loop stability. Daisy Chaining rearranges the actuators into groups, and then the CA problem is solved using the Kalman Filter. This approach has already shown promising results on a realistic simulator of the longitudinal control of an autonomous vehicle.
THE LATE EARLY PLEISTOCENE HUMAN REMAINS FROM BUIA, DANAKIL DEPRESSION, ERITREA

The Early Pleistocene sedimentary succession of the Dandiero (Buia) Basin (Danakil Depression, Eritrea) has preserved a rich paleontological, paleoanthropological, and archeological record. Fieldwork undertaken between 1995 and 2003 on a site at Uadi Aalad (Abbate et al. 1998) led to the discovery of one-million-year-old human remains. They consist of a cranium in excellent preservation condition (UA-31), two permanent teeth (UA-222 and UA-369), and three pelvic portions (UA-173, UA-405 and UA-466, the latter recovered on 2003). The cranium and the postcranial remains represent a single adult individual, likely of female sex. The cranium evidences a blend of " erectus -like" and progressive morpho-architectural features, the latter more commonly found in the Middle Pleistocene. Preparation and restoration of the specimens (notably, of the virtually complete UA-31 face) were only completed on September 2003. The revision, refinement, and integration of our previous analytical and interpretative work (cf. Abbate et al. 1998; Macchiarelli et al. 2002) is in progress within the context of the paleoanthropological reord currently available for the African Early to Middle Pleistocene.
Automated Ground Truth Annotation for Forest and Non-Forest Classification in Satellite Remote Sensing Images

Accurate ground truth annotation plays a vital role in training and evaluating deep learning models for forest and non-forest classification tasks. This paper introduces a robust algorithm designed to automate the annotation process, specifically targeting the identification of regions of interest; either forest or non-forest based on satellite images. The algorithm incorporates advanced image processing techniques, such as Gaussian blur and thresholding, to enhance the accuracy and reliability of the generated ground truth annotations. To determine the optimal sequence of steps, the results from a pilot test revealed that applying Gaussian blur before grayscale and thresholding operation yielded the best performance. The proposed algorithm presents a systematic and efficient approach to generate the ground truth annotations, effectively reducing manual effort and minimizing subjectivity among human annotators. Evaluation against a set of referenced ground truth dataset showcases the algorithm's effectiveness, with an impressive SSIM value of 0.874640, thus, accurately identifying the forest and non-forest regions. The study contributes to the field of forest monitoring by offering a valuable tool to researchers engaged in land cover analysis using satellite imagery. Moreover, it paves the way for future advancements in automated annotation techniques. The study uniquely emphasizes the aim of minimizing biases and uncertainties, which stands as a novel and pivotal contribution. The study underscores the significance of harnessing cutting-edge technology to foster efficiency, dependability, and precision in analyzing complex forest ecosystems.
High Order Narrow Band Superconducting Filter Design Based on Neural Networks and Extracted Coupling Matrix

In this article, an effective high-order superconducting filter design technique is proposed. The key advancement is the demonstration of neural network high temperature superconducting (HTS) high-order filter design for the first time. An artificial neural network (ANN) combined with the coupling matrix is used as a fast model of the high-order superconducting filters. The initial filter layout is established and characterized by a set of geometric variables. The coupling matrix is extracted from the simulated response of the filter layout, and the ANN is trained to learn the relationship between the coupling matrix and the filter geometric variables. The well-trained neural network model can provide an accurate and fast prediction of filter performance with different input geometric variables in less than one second, which greatly improve the design effectiveness. The experiments show that there is an excellent match between the responses of the simulated data and those from the neural network. Compared with the conventional electromagnetic simulation method, this model is time saving especially in high-order filters design with complex undesired stray couplings.
Induced Mutagenesis in Rice I. Sensitivity and Chlorophyll Mutation Rate

Radiogenetical studies in rice received a fairly wide importance, as early as 1934, from the pioneering studies of Ramiah and his associates in India and those of Ichijima in Japan. The increased applica- tion of physical mutagens, attained prominance in the 'Atom Era' of forties and fifties, contributing to isolation of a large number of mutants in various crops, including rice. In the present studies, an attempt has been made to understand the relative mutagenic effects caused by ionizing radiations, namely, X-rays and gamma rays, on rice by (i) evaluating the relative sensitivity and (ii) the rate of chlorophyll mutation in M, generation.