Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A longitudinal approach to understanding risk factors for problem alcohol use during the COVID‐19 pandemic

Abstract Background We conducted a longitudinal study to examine person‐centered heterogeneity in problem drinking risk during the 2019 Coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) pandemic. We aimed to differentiate high‐ from low‐risk subgroups of drinkers during the pandemic, to report on the longitudinal follow‐up of the baseline sample reported in Wardell et al. (Alcohol Clin Exp Res, 44, 2020, 2073), and to examine how subgroups of drinkers differed on coping‐related and pre‐pandemic alcohol vulnerability factors. Methods Canadian alcohol users (N = 364) were recruited for the study. Participants completed surveys at four waves (spaced 3 months apart), with the first being 7 to 8 weeks after the COVID‐19 state of emergency began in Canada. The data were analyzed using a parallel process latent growth class analysis followed by general linear mixed models analysis. Results We found evidence for three latent classes: individuals who increased drinking (class 1; n = 23), low‐risk drinkers (class 2; n = 311), and individuals who decreased drinking (class 3; n = 30). Participants who increased (vs. those who decreased) problem drinking during the pandemic struggled with increasing levels of social disconnection and were also increasingly more likely to report drinking to cope with these issues. Those in the increasing class (relative to low‐risk drinkers) reported increasing levels of depression during the study. Relative to low‐risk drinkers, participants in the increasing class had higher pre‐pandemic AUDIT scores, greater frequency of solitary drinking, and higher alcohol demand. Interestingly, participants in the decreasing class had the highest pre‐pandemic AUDIT scores. Conclusions We examined longitudinal data to identify subgroups of drinkers during the pandemic and to identify factors that may have contributed to increased problem drinking. Findings suggest that while most of the sample did not change their alcohol use, a small portion of individuals escalated use, while a small portion decreased their drinking. Identifying the vulnerability factors associated with increased drinking could aid in the development of preventative strategies and intervention approaches.
Moral Distress: What Are We Measuring?

Abstract While various definitions of moral distress have been proposed, some agreement exists that it results from illegitimate constraints in clinical practice affecting healthcare professionals’ moral agency. If we are to reduce moral distress, instruments measuring it should provide relevant information about such illegitimate constraints. Unfortunately, existing instruments fail to do so. We discuss here several shortcomings of major instruments in use: their inability to determine whether reports of moral distress involve an accurate assessment of the requisite clinical and logistical facts in play, whether the distress in question is aptly characterized as moral, and whether the moral distress reported is an appropriate target of elimination. Such failures seriously limit the ability of empirical work on moral distress to foster appropriate change.
Quantitative structure analysis via image analyses: a suitable tool for quality control of Portland cement clinker?

The microscopical structure analysis of cement clinker provides a wide range of information which may be utilized in the controlling the production process. However, the disadvantage of this method is the amount of time and personnel that is associated with the acquisition of reliable data. The automatic evaluation of microscopic images via image analysis could make such data available in considerably less time and, therefore make it useful for a wider range of application. The most important prerequisite for the automatic analysis of cement clinker is an acceptable sample preparation. After the clinker has been embedded in a vacuum, the polished section must attain an absolutely clean, scratch-free, and relief-free surface via grinding and polishing. Etching via hydrofluoric acid vapour has proven to be the most suitable etching method, with respect to the selectivity and homogeneity of the coloration of the clinker phases. An image processing program has been developed which can define the proportions of alite, belite, and matrix in a given sample. The results of such an analysis agree to a great extent with those gained via the point counting method. The quantitative determination of further structure parameters is intensively being worked on
Social Media for ImpLementing Evidence (SMILE): Conceptual Framework

Background Social media has become widely used by individual researchers and professional organizations to translate research evidence into health care practice. Despite its increasing popularity, few social media initiatives consider the theoretical perspectives of how social media works as a knowledge translation strategy to affect research use. Objective The purpose of this paper is to propose a conceptual framework to understand how social media works as a knowledge translation strategy for health care providers, policy makers, and patients to inform their health care decision-making. Methods We developed this framework using an integrative approach that first involved reviewing 5 long-standing social media initiatives. We then drafted the initial framework using a deductive approach by referring to 5 theories on social media studies and knowledge translation. A total of 58 empirical studies on factors that influenced the use of social media and its messages and strategies for promoting the use of research evidence via social media were further integrated to substantiate and fine-tune our initial framework. Through an iterative process, we developed the Social Media for ImpLementing Evidence (SMILE) framework. Results The SMILE framework has six key constructs: developers, messages and delivery strategies, recipients, context, triggers, and outcomes. For social media to effectively enable recipients to use research evidence in their decision-making, the framework proposes that social media content developers respond to target recipients’ needs and context and develop relevant messages and appropriate delivery strategies. The recipients’ use of social media messages is influenced by the virtual–technical, individual, organizational, and system contexts and can be activated by three types of triggers: sparks, facilitators, and signals. Conclusions The SMILE framework maps the factors that are hypothesized to influence the use of social media messages by recipients and offers a heuristic device for social media content developers to create interventions for promoting the use of evidence in health care decision-making. Empirical studies are now needed to test the propositions of this framework.
Performance of a multi-compounds nutraceutical formulation in patients with symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease.

BACKGROUND Symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease (SUDD) is a recognized clinical condition characterized by abdominal pain and changes in bowel habits, attributed to diverticula but without macroscopic signs of diverticulitis. There is no consensus about the management of these patients. Enteroflegin®, an association of natural active ingredients, could be effective in the treatment of those patients. METHODS We conducted a retrospective observational study to evaluate the performances of Enteroflegin® in patients with SUDD. Patients were treated with Enteroflegin® 2 cp/day for 10 days per month for 6 months. Primary endpoint was the clinical remission rate, defined as the absence of any symptoms; secondary endpoints were the impact of the treatment on reduction of symptoms, on fecal calprotectin (FC) expression, and the prevention of acute diverticulitis. RESULTS Three hundred and fifty patients were retrospectively enrolled (183 males, median age 64 yrs, IQR 54-70). Enteroflegin® was effective in inducing remission in 9.34% and 17.64% of patients at 3 and 6 months respectively (p<0.001). Reduction of symptoms occurred in 92.3% and in 85.3% of patients at 3 and 6 months respectively (p<0.001), and symptoms' recurrence or worsening was recorded in only 1.71% of patients during the follow-up. FC expression dropped from 181,3 μg/g at baseline to 100,2 μg/g (p<0.001) and to 67,9 μg/g (p<0.001) at 3 and 6 months of follow-up respectively. No adverse event was recorded during the follow-up. Finally, acute diverticulitis occurred in just 2% of patients during the follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Enteroflegin® seems to be an effective nutraceutical compound in obtaining remission and symptom relief in SUDD patients. Further randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials are needed to confirm these preliminary data.
EEG Microstate Correlates of Emotion Dynamics and Stimulation Content during Video Watching

EEG microstates have been widely adopted to understand the complex and dynamic-changing process in dynamic brain systems, but how microstates are temporally modulated by emotion dynamics is still unclear. An investigation of EEG microstates under video-evoking emotion dynamics modulation would provide a novel insight into the understanding of temporal dynamics of functional brain networks. In the present study, we postulate that emotional states dynamically modulate the microstate patterns, and perform an in-depth investigation between EEG microstates and emotion dynamics under a video-watching task. By mapping from subjective-experienced emotion states and objective-presented stimulation content to EEG microstates, we gauge the comprehensive associations among microstates, emotions, and multimedia stimulation. The results show that emotion dynamics could be well revealed by four EEG microstates (MS1, MS2, MS3, and MS4), where MS3 and MS4 are found to be highly correlated to different emotion states (emotion task effect and level effect) and the affective information involved in the multimedia content (visual and audio). In this work, we reveal the microstate patterns related to emotion dynamics from sensory and stimulation dimensions, which deepens the understanding of the neural representation under emotion dynamics modulation and will be beneficial for the future study of brain dynamic systems.
Genipin-crosslinked collagen scaffolds inducing chondrogenesis: a mechanical and biological characterization.

Articular cartilage degeneration is still an unsolved issue owing to its weak repairing capabilities, which usually result in fibrocartilage tissue formation. This fibrous tissue lacks of structural and bio-mechanical properties, degrading over time. Currently, arthroscopic techniques and autologous transplantation are the most used clinical procedures. However, rather than restoring cartilage integrity, these methods only postpone further cartilage deterioration. Therefore, tissue engineering strategies aimed at selecting scaffolds that remarkably support the chondrogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) could represent a promising solution, but they are still challenging for researchers. In this study, the influence of two different genipin (Gp) crosslinking routes on collagen (Coll)-based scaffolds in terms of hMSCs chondrogenic differentiation and biomechanical performances was investigated. Three-dimensional (3D) porous Coll scaffolds were fabricated by freeze-drying techniques and were crosslinked with Gp following a "two-step" and an in "bulk" procedure, in order to increase the physico-mechanical stability of the structure. Chondrogenic differentiation efficacy of hMSCs and biomechanical behavior under compression forces through unconfined stress-strain tests were assessed. Coll/Gp scaffolds revealed an isotropic and highly homogeneous pore distribution along with an increase in the stiffness, also supported by the increase in the Coll denaturation temperature (Td = 57-63°C) and a significant amount of Coll and GAG deposition during the 3 weeks of chondrogenic culture. In particular, the presence of Gp in "bulk" led to a more uniform and homogenous chondral-like matrix deposition by hMSCs if compared to the results obtained from the Gp "two-step" functionalization procedure.
Effects of Autonomous Vehicle Ownership on Trip, Mode, and Route Choice

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) may significantly change traveler behavior and network congestion. Empty repositioning trips allow travelers to avoid parking fees or share the vehicle with other household members. Computer precision and reaction times may also increase road and intersection capacities. AVs are currently being test driven on public roads and may be publicly available within the next two decades; they therefore may be within the span of 20- to 30-year planning analyses. Despite this time scale, AV behavior has yet to be incorporated into planning models. This paper presents a multiclass, four-step model that includes AV repositioning to avoid parking fees (although incurring additional fuel costs) and increases in link capacity as a function of the proportion of AVs on the link. Demand is divided into classes by value of time and AV ownership. Mode choice—parking, repositioning, or transit—is determined through a nested logit model. Traffic assignment is based on a generalized cost function of time, fuel, and tolls. The results on a city network show that transit ridership decreases and the number of personal vehicle trips sharply increases as a result of repositioning. However, increases in link capacity offset the additional congestion. Although link volume increases significantly, only modest decreases in average link speeds are observed.
ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN MOBİL REKLÂMCILIĞA KARŞI TUTUMLARI UNDERGRADUATES' ATTITUDES TOWARD MOBILE ADVERTISING

OZET: Cep telefonlari gibi mobil araclarin hizla yayginlasmasi, pazarlama icin yeni bir iletisim kanali ortaya cikarmistir. Gunumuzde cep telefonlari ile cogunlukla kisa mesaj (KM) reklâmciligi yapilmaktadir. Bu calisma, universite ogrencilerinin KM reklâmciligina karsi tutumlarini belirlemeyi amaclamaktadir. Arastirma sonuclarina gore, genc tuketicilerin KM reklâmciligina karsi tutumlarini belirlemeye yonelik faktorler; eglendirme, bilgilendirme, sinirlendirme, guvenilirlik, genel tutum, izinli reklâmcilik ve odullu reklâmcilik olarak belirlenmistir. Ogrenciler KM reklâmlarini eglendirici, bilgilendirici ve guvenilir bulmamaktadirlar. Ayni zamanda da sinir bozucu olduklarini dusunmektedirler. Ogrencilerin KM reklâmlarina karsi genel tutumlari olumsuzdur. Ancak izinli veya odullu reklâmlara karsi tutumlari olumludur. Bu nedenle, potansiyel tuketicilere izinsiz veya odulsuz KM reklâmi gondermek iyi bir pazarlama stratejisi olmayabilir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Mobil Reklâmcilik; Tuketici Tutumlari JEL Siniflamasi: M31 ; M37 ABSTRACT: The rapid proliferation of mobile devices such as cellular phones has created a new communication channel for marketing. Currently, cellular phones are mostly used for Short Messaging Service (SMS) advertising. The aim of this study is to explore the factors that underline undergraduates' attitudes toward SMS advertising. The results obtained indicated factors such as entertainment, informativeness, irritation, reliability, general attitude and permission and incentive-based advertising. The undergraduates do not perceive SMS advertisements to be entertaining, informative and reliable. Moreover, they find SMS advertisements annoying. It was also found that the students as consumers generally have negative attitudes toward SMS advertisements. However, they have positive attitudes toward permission or incentive based SMS advertising. Thus, sending SMS advertisements to potential customers without prior permission or incentive doesn't seem to be a good marketing strategy.
Height and body mass index in molecularly confirmed Silver–Russell syndrome and the long‐term effects of growth hormone treatment

Silver–Russell syndrome (SRS) causes short stature. Growth hormone (GH) treatment aims to increase adult height. However, data are limited on the long‐term outcomes of GH in patients with molecularly confirmed SRS. This study evaluated height, body mass index (BMI) and GH treatment in molecularly confirmed SRS.
Landmark Localization for Cephalometric Analysis Using Multiscale Image Patch-Based Graph Convolutional Networks

Accurate and robust cephalometric image analysis plays an essential role in orthodontic diagnosis, treatment assessment and surgical planning. This paper proposes a novel landmark localization method for cephalometric analysis using multiscale image patch-based graph convolutional networks. In detail, image patches with the same size are hierarchically sampled from the Gaussian pyramid to well preserve multiscale context information. We combine local appearance and shape information into spatialized features with an attention module to enrich node representations in graph. The spatial relationships of landmarks are built with the incorporation of three-layer graph convolutional networks, and multiple landmarks are simultaneously updated and moved toward the targets in a cascaded coarse-to-fine process. Quantitative results obtained on publicly available cephalometric X-ray images have exhibited superior performance compared with other state-of-the-art methods in terms of mean radial error and successful detection rate within various precision ranges. Our approach performs significantly better especially in the clinically accepted range of 2 mm and this makes it suitable in cephalometric analysis and orthognathic surgery.
Facial width‐to‐height ratio predicts fighting success: A direct replication and extension of Zilioli et al. (2014)

Abstract Zilioli et al. (2014) were the first to show an association between male facial width‐to‐height ratio (fWHR) and physical aggression and fighting ability in professional mixed‐martial‐arts fighters. Here, we re‐examined this relationship by replicating (using all original measures) and extending (using 23 new variables related to fighting performance) Zilioli et al. (2014) in a statistically well‐powered sample of 520 fighters using automatic and manual measures of the fWHR involving both eyelid and eyebrow landmarks, used interchangeably in previous reports (Studies 1–2). Most importantly, we successfully replicated Zilioli et al.'s (2014) central finding that fighters' fWHR, when manually calculated using the eyebrow landmark, predicted their fighting success (p = .004, controlling for body mass index and total fights). Consistent with past criticisms of using fight rather than fighter data to examine fighting success, which have argued that individual fights can be suddenly and unexpectedly determined and do not capture an individual's overall ability to succeed, Study 3 (N = 1367 fights) found no association between fWHR and singular victories. Studies 1–3 showed continual evidence that larger fWHRs were associated with grappling abilities, even after controlling for demographic and allometric factors. Strikingly, Study 3 discovered associations between all fWHR measures and grappling skill that remained robust before and after controlling for 17 different control variables. We discuss that grappling, or the act of taking down an opponent, involves a more aggressive, close‐combat approach than does striking. Combined, these results offer additional support for the argument that fWHR may have been shaped by sexual selection.
Korean American Immigrant Women’s Perceived Breast Cancer Risk and Prevention Beliefs: A Qualitative Study

Introduction: With the goal of informing culturally appropriate intervention strategies, the purpose of this qualitative study was to understand the Korean American immigrant women’s (KAIW) perceptions of breast cancer risk and how their perceived risk, along with normative breast cancer prevention beliefs, shaped their attitudes toward mammography. Method: Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with 30 Korean women in Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, California. Braun and Clarke’s thematic analysis was used to code and analyze interview data. Results: Two major themes were identified: (a) perceived risk of breast cancer and attitudes to prevention (e.g., worried and using all means of prevention) and (b) influences on attitudes to breast cancer prevention (e.g., family members and friends’ cancer experiences). Discussion: Breast cancer prevention interventions for KAIW should target perceived breast cancer risk, social factors such as women’s family roles and social networks, and health information evaluation skills.
Detection of circulating tumor human papillomavirus DNA before diagnosis of HPV‐positive head and neck cancer

Human papillomavirus (HPV), most commonly HPV16, causes a growing subset of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs), including the overwhelming majority of oropharynx squamous cell carcinomas in many developed countries. Circulating biomarkers for HPV‐positive HNSCC may allow for earlier diagnosis, with potential to decrease morbidity and mortality. This case‐control study evaluated whether circulating tumor HPV DNA (ctHPVDNA) is detectable in prediagnostic plasma from individuals later diagnosed with HPV‐positive HNSCC. Cases were participants in a hospital‐based research biobank with archived plasma collected ≥6 months before HNSCC diagnosis, and available archival tumor tissue for HPV testing. Controls were biobank participants without cancer or HPV‐related diagnoses, matched 10:1 to cases by sex, race, age and year of plasma collection. HPV DNA was detected in plasma and tumor tissue using a previously validated digital droplet PCR‐based assay that quantifies tumor‐tissue‐modified viral (TTMV) HPV DNA. Twelve HNSCC patients with median age of 68.5 years (range, 51‐87 years) were included. Ten (83.3%) had HPV16 DNA‐positive tumors. ctHPV16DNA was detected in prediagnostic plasma from 3 of 10 (30%) patients with HPV16‐positive tumors, including 3 of 7 (43%) patients with HPV16‐positive oropharynx tumors. The timing of the plasma collection was 19, 34 and 43 months before cancer diagnosis. None of the 100 matched controls had detectable ctHPV16DNA. This is the first report that ctHPV16 DNA is detectable at least several years before diagnosis of HPV16‐positive HNSCC for a subset of patients. Further investigation of ctHPV16DNA as a biomarker for early diagnosis of HPV16‐positive HNSCC is warranted.