Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Returning to work after the big one: predicting staff priorities in a dual role agency

We outline a new application of Social Network Analysis (SNA) in studying the return to work behaviour of 190 staff in a local government organisation after a hypothetical 6.8 magnitude earthquake scenario based in Wellington, New Zealand. Attitudes and interdependencies between individuals and departments were examined using questionnaires, SNA and multidimensional scaling. Overall responsibility in the organisation affected attitudes to returning the most, while dependents had less effect than expected. Staff were also more motivated to return for their colleagues and the community, rather than economic or organisational reasons. Key staff and departments were determined and potential conflicts between internal and external functions of the organisation identified. Limitations are noted, however the methods used are presented as valuable tools to future emergency management research and business continuity planning.
The Mechanism Analysis of O Radical Effect on Ignition of Methane/Air Mixture

In order to show the physical mechanism of O radical on ignition of methane/air mixture, based on GRI-Mech3.0, the ignition were carried on by solving the mode of the closed reactors. It was found that the influence law on O radical effect on ignition of methane/air mixture. The numerical results indicate that the ignition time reduced about 94.7% by adding radicals of the 0.5% O. By using reaction path analysis and sensitivity analysis, the results have disciplinarian on the detailed kinetic enhancements of radicals on O radical on ignition of methane/air.
Active solar collectors and their applications

1: Survey of Solar Equipment and Applications 2: Solar Geometry 3: Insolation Data and Models 4: Collector Efficiency and Collector Testing 5: Fundamentals of Optics for Solar Collectors 6: Optics of Nontracking Collectors 7: Tracking Concentrator Types 8: Optical Analysis and Optimization of Parabolic Reflectors 9: Heat Transfer in Solar Collectors 10: Heat Transfer Factors 11: System Models 12: Applications 13: Practical Considerations 14: Economic Analysis 15: System Optimization Appendix A. Nomenclature Appendix B. Units Appendix C. Properties of Materials Appendix D. Meteorological Data Appendix E. Circumsolar Data Index
The European Union and Post-9/11 Counterterrorism: A Reappraisal

In spite of the hectic activity subsequent to the so-called month of transformation in the wake of 9/11, it is not to be taken for granted that the European Union is the right vehicle in Europe for the combating of terrorism. The lack of the EU's executive powers with respect to regulating the behavior of member states relative to a common threat such as terrorism, raises the fundamental question of whether the Union itself, as opposed to its constituent members, or an alternative multilateral forum, is an appropriate body for effectively confronting terrorism in Europe.
INFLUENCE OF SHADING ON THE GROWTH OF GREEN MUSTARD (BRASSICA JUNCEA L.) CULTURED IN HYDROPONIC DFT ( DEEP FLOW TECHNIQUE

The study aims to determine the response of green mustard (Brassica juncea L.) to the shade. This study used a randomized complete block design (RCB). Treatment consisted of T0 (control), T1 (one shade), T2 (two shades with one shade slightly slided to the east), T3 (two shades with one shade slightly slided to the west) and T4 (three shades). Shade in the form of plywood to the width and the distance between the shade of 12 cm are placed 50 cm above the gutter extends. Gutters along the 4 m with plant spacing of 10 cm is used as a nutrient. Comparison of fertilizer ( a : b) and water for 250 ml : 250 ml : 50 liter. Experiment used gutters as the growing media which were devided into three parts, namely B1 (section near the aerator), B2 (middle gutter) and B3 (the farthest part of aerator). Nutrient solution is circulated at flow rate of 1.2 cm/sec by using a small pump, which was also functioned as the aerator. Data was analyzed by using the analysis of variance test and LSD multiple comparisons. The results showed that T2 (two shades with one shade slightly slided to the east) produces the best respons with plant height (33,07 cm) and final weight (436,47 g). The result also showed that all environmental parameters (EC, DO, and pH) observed a long the gutter were not significantly different, indicating that the nutrient solution was quite homogeneous throughout the gutters.
Distributed Energy Generation: Case Study Of A Mountain School Campus In Italy

Distributed energy generation is a technologically feasible reality. That requires rethinking buildings as nodes in a network for energy production and utilization and implementing best strategies according to the characteristics of the site. This paper concerns an ecologically sustainable school campus in the city of Contigliano (Rieti, Italy) that has specific environmental characters. Climate in the valley is continental: very cold in winter (which lasts 140 days) and hot in summer with wide temperature ranges. For this reason the valley records the lowest temperatures in Italy during the period from April to September. The research was carried out considering envelope characteristics, infrastructures and available renewable energy sources, taking into account the economic and environmental impacts with a particular attention to CO2 emissions reduced by 93% if compared with traditional systems. The project of the school complex was analyzed by energy analysis. This has led to excellent results with a significant reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and a considerable reduction of energy consumption.
A novel two-stage method for acquiring engineering-oriented empirical tacit knowledge

Engineering-oriented empirical tacit knowledge (ETK) is a kind of tacit knowledge originated from domain expert’s experience combined with practice cases and scenarios. It is an important source of organisation knowledge. However, due to operational and technical obstacles, this kind of knowledge is not sufficiently harnessed and put into practical use. To deal with this problem, a novel two-stage acquisition method is proposed in this paper. The acquisition method consists of two phases, the stage from ETK in the mind of expert to ETK in initial state, and the stage from ETK in initial state to structured ETK. It constructs a complete tacit knowledge acquisition process from the domain expert’s experience to the structured tacit knowledge. The objective is achieved by taking the following procedures: Firstly, present the concept of engineering-oriented ETK and a five-dimension representation model of ETK. Secondly, construct a two-stage ETK acquisition framework. Finally, describe an engineering decision case to validate the feasibility of the proposed approach. Satisfactory results are reached for the study.
Monitoring and modelling of manually-controlled Venetian blinds in private offices: a pilot study

This study presents results from a window blind usage survey and field study that was conducted in California, USA during a period spanning from the vernal equinox to the winter solstice. A total of 113 office building occupants participated in the survey. Twenty-five occupants participated in the field study. In this study, 83 measurements of physical environmental conditions were cross-linked with participants' window blind controlling preferences. A total of 13 predictive window blind control bivariate and multivariate logistic models were derived. As hypothesised, the probability of a window blind closing event increased as the magnitude of physical environmental and confounding factors increased (p < 0.01). The main predictors were window/background luminance level and vertical solar radiation at the window. The confounding factors included MRT, direct solar penetration and participants' self-reported sensitivity to brightness. The results showed that the models correctly predict between 72–89% of the observed window blind control behaviour. This research extends the knowledge of how and why building occupants manually control window blinds in private offices, and provides results that can be directly implemented in energy simulation programs.
The Use of Stress Reduces in suddenly Changed Section of Rounded Shafts

Reducing stress concentration is mainly done by fillets. However, new concepts toward better material properties lead designers and engineers to use these materials in their design, still changing in geometrical shape of desired models can help us in reducing stress concentration factors. New devices, including fast computers, reliable numerical methods (FEM), and numerical optimization approach can bring special devices for better designing besides considering design limitations in special industries. In this paper we focus on geometrical change (rounded groove) in the sudden changed section of the rounded shaft to reduce stress concentration in the most dangerous section. By optimizing this proposed change in the geometry of shaft we reduce the stress, so using of fillets can be neglected in the future designs to prevent metallurgical and design limitations.
Perbandingan Pre-trained Word Embedding dan Embedding Layer untuk Named-Entity Recognition Bahasa Indonesia

Named-Entity Recognition (NER) is used to extract information from text by identifying entities such as the name of the person, organization, location, time, and other entities. Recently, machine learning approaches, particularly deep-learning, are widely used to recognize patterns of entities in sentences. Embedding, a process to convert text data into a number or vector of numbers, translates high dimensional vectors into relatively low-dimensional space. Embeddings make it easier to do machine learning on large inputs like sparse vectors representing words. The embedding process can be performed using the supervised learning method, which requires a large number of labeled data sets or an unsupervised learning approach. This study compares the two embedding methods; trainable embedding layer (supervised learning) and pre-trained word embedding (unsupervised learning). The trainable embedding layer uses the embedding layer provided by the Keras library while pre-trained word embedding uses word2vec, GloVe, and fastText to build NER using the BiLSTM architecture. The results show that GloVe had better performance than other embedding techniques with a micro average f1 score of 76.48.
Use of normal-density high-absorption limestone aggregate as internal curing agent in concrete

A common practice to provide additional water for the hydration process of cement is to use special aggregates that act as agents incorporating water to the concrete (lightweight natural aggregates or polymers). Previous studies have suggested that normal-density high-absorption limestone aggregates may produce a similar effect. The aim was to determine if they can function as an internal curing agent. The methodology consisted of concrete specimens employing two types of aggregates and subjected to three different curing treatments. Results showed similar values of compressive strength and porosity among the concrete cured under wet and dry treatments for the high-absorption limestone aggregate but not for the river rock aggregate. Thus, this effect was attributed to the internal curing properties of the high-absorption limestone aggregate.
Consumer attitudes towards battery electric vehicles: a large-scale survey

Nowadays, Electric Vehicles (EVs) receive a lot of attention. However, their market breakthrough is not straightforward. This paper presents the results of a large-scale data collection (survey with 1196 respondents) held in Flanders (Belgium). The results include perceptions on the advantages and disadvantages of Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs), the acceptable driving range, the acceptable charging time (both slow and fast), the acceptable maximum speed, the role of the government in the introduction of BEVs, the preferred governmental tools to maximise sales and the consumers' Willingness to Pay (WTP). A second survey was held in order to investigate the impact of the level of knowledge of the consumers. The results of this second survey (n = 585) illustrate that knowledge has no impact on the level of acceptance for the driving range. However, consumers with more knowledge want a car with a higher maximum speed and desire faster charging durations (both slow and fast).
Lung cancer detection using frequency-domain microwave imaging

A frequency-domain algorithm for the early detection of lung cancer is presented. The algorithm predicts the distribution of scattered fields inside the imaged domain (torso) using the measured fields around that domain. That prediction is based on using the first-order Bessel function of the first kind to relate the fields outside the imaged domain to the fields inside that domain. The predicted field distribution shows the relative differences between the dielectric properties of tissues within the torso and thus enables detecting lung cancer, which has a significantly larger dielectric constant that the lung's healthy tissues. To validate the proposed algorithm, an integrated imaging system, which includes a three-dimensional slot-rotated antenna that circularly scans an artificial torso phantom using the band 1.5-3 GHz, a wideband microwave transceiver and a laptop for control, processing and image generation, is built. The obtained experimental results confirm the reliability of the proposed method in lung cancer detection.
Dynamic numerical study on phase change thermal storage heat transfer

Targeted at the poor heat transfer effect of the phase change thermal storage heat exchanger due to the low thermal conductivity of the phase change material, a fin-tube type phase change thermal storage heat exchanger has been proposed in the study. A 2-D model of the phase-change heat storage unit was established, and the dynamic heat transfer law of the melting and solidification of the phase change material, and the influence of the fin structure size on the heat storage/release performance of the heat exchanger were numerically analyzed. The results show that in the area close to the tube wall, the smaller the fin spacing, the larger the thickness, the faster the phase change heat storage/release speed, and the better heat transfer effect. In the central area of the phase change material, the greater the fin spacing and thickness, and the better the heat transfer effect of the phase change heat storage/release. The area close to the outer wall has the smallest temperature change, and the heat storage/release effect is the worst. Therefore, the use of energy storage heat exchangers with gradual fin thickness and spacing is an effective method to improve the heat transfer efficiency of existing equipment. In addition, in order to improve the heat exchange effect of the edge area of the phase change, its structure could be changed or the heat exchange form can be increased.
Dynamic Analysis and Design Optimization of Series Hydraulic Hybrid System through Power Bond Graph Approach

The availability of natural gas and crude oil resources has been declining over the years. In automobile sector, the consumption of crude oil is 63% of total crude oil production in the world. Hence, automobile industries are placing more emphasis on energy efficient hydraulic hybrid systems, which can replace their conventional transmission systems. Series hydraulic hybrid system (SHHS) is a multidomain mechatronics system with two distinct power sources that includes prime mover and hydropneumatic accumulator. It replaces the conventional transmission system to drive the vehicle. The sizing of the subsystems in SHHS plays a major role in improving the energy efficiency of the vehicle. In this paper, a power bond graph approach is used to model the dynamics of the SHHS. The obtained simulation results indicate the energy flow during various modes of operations. It also includes the dynamic response of hydropneumatic accumulator, prime mover, and system output speed. Further, design optimization of the system is carried out to optimize the process parameters for maximizing the system energy efficiency. This leads to increase in fuel economy and environmentally friendly vehicle.
Army Unit Warfare Simulation Experiment by Using Agent Technology

The use of agent-based simulation experiment technology throughout the concept development process and simulation implementing may have a direct impact on the Army’s ability to resolve these critical force structure issues, inform the acquisition of future combat platforms, and determine the future use of new-style vehicles in an Army force. Thus, Army unit warfare simulation experiment by using agent technology is studied in this paper. The warfare task(s) expression is presented and warfare entity agent model is designed. Through an agent-based simulation experiment platform, EINSTein, the demonstration system is established and Army unit warfare simulation experiment is implemented, by which some results are obtained. Simulation experiment proves the feasibility and efficiency of our model and simulation experiment system, and shows its advantages in realizing real-time tactical warfare activities simulation.
E-LEARNING SYSTEM FOR THE COMPREHENSIVE LEARNING OF ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS

This paper proposes a novel e-learning system for comprehensive learning covering theoretical analysis, design, and experiments involving the construction of practical electronic circuits. The proposed system possesses technical novelty that enables a student to efficiently construct circuits according to an automated instruction of circuit design. Moreover, this system allows the student to select an appropriate type of circuit construction strategy, such as with/without soldering, depending on his purpose and ability. The effectiveness of the proposed system was verified by performing a comparison experiment using 40 undergraduate students at the Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology. The comparison tests were done by two groups of students comprising students that used or did not use the proposed system demonstrated the effectiveness of the system.
In vitro DNA mechanics in gene regulation : one molecule at a time

The biological significance of DNA is primarily attributed to its sequence information. On the other hand, the mechanical properties of DNA can play a critical role in a wide variety of biological processes. One prime example is DNA looping in the context of transcriptional regulation. The emergence of single molecule tracking techniques in the last two decades presents an unprecedented opportunity for studying looping kinetics. One such powerful technique, tethered particle motion (TPM), harnesses the Brownian motion of a microsphere as a means of reporting on the excursion of its tethered molecule, such as DNA. The present work focuses on a looping system found in Escherichia coli, which is mediated by the Lac repressor (LacI) protein. TPM is used to measure individual, real-time looping/unlooping events in DNA of various length and sequence characteristics. By monitoring the magnitude, frequency, and time interval of these features while tuning different parameters, such as LacI concentration, DNA length and DNA sequence, one can survey a host of important information about looping kinetics. A measurement of the LacI concentration dependence of looping probability was found to be in quantitative agreement with a simple thermodynamic model, which also led to the measurement of free energy of LacI-mediated looping, the first such measurement in a single molecule, in vitro setting. A quantitative characterization of free energy was obtained under conditions of different inter-operator spacing, systematically varied from 300 to 310 base pairs in one-base-pair increments. An important conclusion from this study is that free energy is modulated by DNA’s helical structure, yet the energy difference between the aligned and unaligned operator configurations is small compared to expectation from simple polymer physics. TPM measurements also revealed an additional looped state, lending support to the hypothesis that two distinct conformations of LacI, the closed and open forms, can coexist. This study also confirmed that the presence of certain DNA sequences, particularly TA pairs in the minor groove of the nucleosomal positioning sequence, makes DNA substantially softer than a corresponding random sequence. This provides direct support for the notion of sequence-dependent DNA elasticity. Finally, a surprising result is that loops as short as 100 base pairs-only two-thirds the persistence length of DNA-can form by LacI-DNA binding. Classical elasticity theory almost forbids this, suggesting that LacI itself plays a more direct role in the bending process, or classical understanding of DNA elasticity breaks down at length scales comparable to its persistence length.
Diagnostic information fusion: requirements flowdown and interface issues

In this paper we examine the implementation of a real-time, diagnostic, information fusion algorithm, which achieves a more accurate diagnostic estimate of system health than individual estimates produced by heterogeneous collection of diagnostic tools. We discuss an approach that both decomposes performance requirements (through a flowdown) into the design and accommodates the differences among the interfaces of a heterogeneous collection of diagnostic tools. We focus in particular on issues which arise from an implementation which monitors system health in real-time and do not consider an off-line post-processing implementation. Through a systematic flowdown of performance requirements into the system design, the combined effects of all the diagnostic tools are considered in order to achieve the desired high level of accuracy for each fault of interest.
Mixture Design for Minimizing Cement Content in Pavement Concrete

Pavement concrete containing aggregates that do not meet ASTM C33 often experiences workability problems. One of the reasons is the lack of proper guidelines for proportioning concrete that contains aggregates with poor shape, texture, and grading. Commonly used methods, such as ACI 211, were developed for aggregates that meet ASTM C33; these methods are not adequate for optimizing mixtures containing aggregates such as manufactured sands. This paper presents a simple mixture proportioning method for designing pavement concrete with low slump. The proposed method has the potential to minimize the cement content of paving mixtures with any available source or combination of aggregate without affecting performance. Several combinations of aggregates were tested and the results for slump, compressive strength, and modulus of elasticity are presented in this paper.