Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
RMHP_A_311692 2289..2300

1Department of Nursing, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (Dongdan Campus), Beijing, 100730, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China Background: Immobile patients often suffer from malnutrition and low calf circumference (CC), a potential surrogate marker of low muscle mass, which has been widely explored as a link with mortality among patients with inconsistent results. In addition, studies comparing CC, BMI, and albumin to predict mortality among immobile patients are limited. The aim of our study was to compare the performance of these three parameters for predicting mortality among immobile patients. Methods: This is a secondary analysis of our previous study consisting of immobile patients, age>18 years. Data were collected between November 2015 and March 2016 by trained nurses through a case report form (CRF) that included clinical data and sociodemographic variables. In addition, anthropometric parameters, including body weight, height and calf circumference, were also measured. The outcome of our study was mortality with follow-up length being 90 days. Multivariate linear and logistic regression analysis were adopted to identify the association between CC and mortality, and a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was also used to compare the performance of CC, BMI, and albumin. Results: Of the 387 patients who were included (51.42% male), with an average age of 61.22 (SD=15.18), the prevalence of mortality was 5.43%. The results showed that, after full adjustment, calf circumference was a protective factor for reducing the risk of mortality (OR=0.79; 95% CI:0.65–0.96). Meanwhile, immobile patients with low calf circumference had an increased risk of mortality, compared to those whose condition was normal (OR=4.24; 95%CI:1.07–16.74). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that CC combined with albumin (AUC=0.812; 95% CI=0.733–0.890) had the highest AUC value compared to calf circumference (AUC=0.759; 95%CI:0.662–0.856), BMI (AUC=0.653; 95%CI:0.538–0.767) and albumin (AUC=0.735; 95% CI:0.638–0.832), respectively, in predicting mortality in immobile patients. Conclusion: The relationship between calf circumference and mortality was significantly negative and low calf circumference was associated with a high risk of 90-day mortality, compared to those with normal calf circumference. The combined calf circumference with albumin had good discrimination in predicting mortality among immobile patients. Therefore, it can routinely be used in a clinical setting by medical staff to predict mortality in immobile patients, as it is easy to obtain.
The Effects of Polyethylene Glycol on Gene Expression of Developing White Spruce Somatic Embryos 1[w]

Somatic embryogenic cultures of white spruce ( Picea glauca ) represent a valuable system to study molecular mechanisms regulating embryo development because many embryos of defined developmental stages can be generated. The inclusion of polyethylene glycol (PEG) in the maturation medium can improve the number and quality of embryos produced. To learn more about the mechanism of action of PEG, we analyzed transcript profiles of stage-specific embryos matured without (control) or with (PEG treated) PEG. RNA extracted from maturing spruce embryos was analyzed on DNA microarrays containing 2,178 cDNAs from loblolly pine ( Pinus taeda ). The efficiency of heterologous hybridization between spruce and pine species on microarrays has been documented previously (L. van Zyl, S. von Arnold, P. Bozhkov, Y. Chen, U. Egertsdotter, J. MacKay, R. Sederoff, J. Shen, L. Zelena, D. Clapham [2002] Comp Funct Genomics 3: 306–318). Several pine genes, including the apparent homologs to the Arabidopsis genes ZWILLE, FIDDLEHEAD, FUSCA, and SCARECROW, increased in expression after PEG treatments. These genes are known to be involved in the formation of the embryo body plan and in the control of the shoot and root apical meristems. The increased transcript levels of these genes in immature PEG-treated embryos suggest that PEG may improve the quality of spruce somatic embryos by promoting normal differentiation of the embryonic shoot and root. Changes in the transcript levels of many genes involved in sucrose catabolism and nitrogen assimilation and utilization were also in between control and PEG-treated embryos at stages of
THE HYGROSCOPIC BEHAVIOR OF PARTIALLY VOLATILIZED COASTAL MARINE AEROSOLS USING THE VH-TDMA TECHNIQUE

Coastal marine nucleation, Aitken and accumulation mode aerosol particles with back trajectories indicative of marine origin were examined using a Volatilization and Humidification Tandem Differential Mobility Analyzer (VH-TDMA) to reveal the volatilization temperatures of the various component species. The diameter hygroscopic growth factors of the residue particles were continually examined throughout the volatilization process. In each of the three modes the dominant particle type appeared to be composed of the same four physicochemically distinct species though in different ratios. These species exhibited volatility and hygroscopic behavior consistent with combinations of a volatile organic species, sulfuric acid, ammonium sulfate or bisulfate, iodine oxide and an insoluble non-volatile residue. The Aitken and Accumulation mode aerosols contain large fractions of the insoluble, volatile, organic like material, and the volatilization of this species results in a distinct increase in the water volume uptake of the particles. Of the four distinct species only the sulfuric acid like species constituted an increasing volume fraction with decreasing particle size. This finding indicates that nucleation mode particles constitute an acidic seed and as such would undergo acid catalyzed secondary organic aerosol growth at a faster rate. The lack of a non-volatile hygroscopic residue consistent with sea salt in these particles implies that the aerosolization of seawater is not the dominant production mechanism for these submicrometer coastal marine aerosols.
A clinically relevant population of leukemic CD34 (cid:1) CD38 (cid:2) cells in acute myeloid leukemia

relapse. immunodeﬁcient mice from residual normal hematopoietic stem cells that exhibited relatively higher ALDH activity. Minimal residual disease detected during complete remission was enriched for the CD34 (cid:1) CD38 (cid:2) ALDH int leukemic cells, and the presence of these cells after therapy highly correlated with subsequent clinical relapse. ALDH activity appears to distinguish normal from leukemic CD34 (cid:1) CD38 (cid:2) cells and identiﬁes those AML cells associated with relapse.
Sustainable green interlocking pavement block

In accordance upon conservation efforts, this research emphasizes on prevention of environmental pollution and considers the elements of sustainable of infrastructure construction materials, which is interlocking pavement block. The development of this innovative product apply the concept of 3Rs and waste to wealth by using the agricultural waste product, coconut shell, where widely available with very minimum cost worldwide especially in tropical country such as India, Indonesia, Philippines, Thailand and Malaysia. The main objective of this research is to produce an environmental friendly product with a good quality, low cost and lightweight known as Green Interlocking Pavement (GIP Block). The chemical composition of coconut shell ash and ordinary Portland cement being identified and compared to know whether it is able to react as a good binder in the mixture or not. The quality of GIP Block considered is compressive strength, water absorption and bulk density. All the blocks were curing in seven and 28 days before implementing the entire test. The existing interlocking pavement used as bench mark and GIP Block 0% of proportion of coconut shell ash used as control variables. The specimen of the interlocking pavement prepared in this research is 10%, 20% and 30% proportion of coconut shell ash to partially replace the quantity of cement. The ratio of the interlocking pavement apply in this research is 1:2 which stand for one part cement and two part of sand. The findings withdrawn from this research are: first, the chemical characteristic of the coconut shell ash and cement. Second, the value of bulk density slightly reduces as the percentage of coconut shell ash increases. Third, the additional of coconut shell ash to partially replace the quantity of cement in the product reduce the compressive strength and increase the percentage of water absorption.
A Mutant of Human Papillomavirus Type 16 E6 Deﬁcient in Binding (cid:2) -Helix Partners Displays Reduced Oncogenic Potential In Vivo

Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are small DNA tumor viruses that are the causative agent of warts and are associated with many anogenital cancers. The viral gene encoding the E6 protein has been found to be involved in HPV oncogenesis. E6 is known to inactivate the cellular tumor suppressor, p53. In addition, E6 has been shown to bind to a variety of other cellular proteins. The focus of this study was to determine what role the interactions of E6 with a subset of cellular proteins which contain a common (cid:1) -helical domain in their E6 binding region ( (cid:1) -helix partners) play in E6-mediated phenotypes. We generated transgenic mice expressing a mutant of E6, E6 I128T , which is defective for binding at least a subset of the (cid:1) -helix partners, including E6AP, the ubiquitin ligase that mediates E6-dependent degradation of the p53 protein, to determine whether binding of (cid:1) -helix partners plays a role in E6-mediated activities in vivo. Unlike mice expressing the wild-type E6 (strain K14E6 WT ), the mice expressing E6 I128T lacked the ability to alter the radiation-induced block to DNA synthesis and promote the formation of benign skin tumors in conjunction with chemical carcinogens. Addi- tionally, they
D4.3 Quantifying the influence of Open Access on innovation and patents Observing and Negating Matthew Effects in Responsible Research and Innovation Transition

We investigate to what extent Open Access publications were cited in patents. Drawing on publicly available big data sources, including Google Patents and Unpaywall, we present a patent citation analysis dedicated to the Open Access status of scientific non-patent references. Our findings suggest an Open Access citation advantage in patents, but show variation across technology sectors and countries.
Eﬀective ﬁeld theory for magnetic compactiﬁcations

Magnetic ﬂux plays an important role in compactiﬁcations of ﬁeld and string theories in two ways, it generates a multiplicity of chiral fermion zero modes and it can break supersymmetry. We derive the complete four-dimensional eﬀective action for N = 1 supersymmetric Abelian and non-Abelian gauge theories in six dimensions compactiﬁed on a torus with ﬂux. The eﬀective action contains the tower of charged states and it accounts for the mass spectrum of bosonic and fermionic ﬁelds as well as their level-dependent interactions. This allows us to compute quantum corrections to the mass and couplings of Wilson lines. We ﬁnd that the one-loop corrections vanish, contrary to the case without ﬂux. This can be traced back to the spontaneous breaking of a symmetry of the six-dimensional theory by the background gauge ﬁeld, with the Wilson line as Goldstone boson.
Relationship between Oral Malodor and the Global Composition of Indigenous Bacterial Populations in Saliva (cid:1)

Oral malodor develops mostly from the metabolic activities of indigenous bacterial populations within the oral cavity, but whether healthy or oral malodor-related patterns of the global bacterial composition exist remains unclear. In this study, the bacterial compositions in the saliva of 240 subjects complaining of oral malodor were divided into groups based on terminal-restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) proﬁles using hierarchical cluster analysis, and the patterns of the microbial community composition of those exhibiting higher and lower malodor were explored. Four types of bacterial community compositions were detected (clusters I, II, III, and IV). Two parameters for measuring oral malodor intensity (the concentration of volatile sulfur compounds in mouth air and the organoleptic score) were noticeably lower in cluster I than in the other clusters. Using multivariate analysis, the differences in the levels of oral malodor were signiﬁcant after adjustment for potential confounding factors such as total bacterial count, mean periodontal pocket depth, and tongue coating score ( P < 0.001). Among the four clusters with different proportions of indigenous members, the T-RFLP proﬁles of cluster I were implicated as the bacterial populations with higher proportions of Streptococcus , Granulicatella , Rothia , and Treponema species than those of the
MRI-CEST pH imaging: a new tool for assessing in vivo the early metabolic response and onset of resistance to dichloroacetate in a murine breast cancer model Running title CEST-pH imaging of glycolysis inhibition by DCA Authors:

Background Dichloroacetate (DCA) can reverse the glycolytic phenotype in cancer cells that is responsible of increased lactate production and extracellular pH acidification. We examined whether MRI-CEST pH mapping can monitor in vivo tumour acidosis to assess treatment response to DCA. Methods Cell viability and extracellular pH were assessed in TS/A breast cancer cells treated with 1-10 mM DCA for 24 h in normoxia or hypoxia (1% O2) conditions. Extracellular tumour pH values were measured in vivo by MRI-CEST pH mapping of TS/A tumour bearing mice before, three days and fifteen days after DCA or saline treatment. Results Reduced extracellular acidification and viability was observed in DCA-treated TS/A cells. Tumour bearing mice showed a marked and significant increase of tumour extracellular pH at 3 days post DCA treatment, reflecting DCA-induced glycolysis inhibition, as confirmed by reduced lactate production. After 15 days of DCA treatment, the onset of resistance to DCA was observed, with recover of tumour extracellular acidification and lactate levels that returned to control values. A significant correlation was observed between the tumour extracellular pH and lactate levels (r=-0.97, P<0.05). Conclusions MRI-CEST pH imaging appears a promising tool to monitor the early response and efficacy of cancer metabolic targeting drugs.
BIROn - Birkbeck Institutional Research Online Can infants adopt underspeciﬁed contents into attributed beliefs?

Recent evidence suggests that young infants, as well as nonhuman apes, can anticipate others ’ behavior based on their false beliefs. While such behaviors have been proposed to be accounted by simple associations between agents, objects, and locations, human adults are undoubtedly endowed with sophisticated theory of mind abil- ities. For example, they can attribute mental contents about abstract or non-existing entities, or beliefs whose content is poorly specified. While such endeavors may be human specific, it is unclear whether the represen- tational apparatus that allows for encoding such beliefs is present early in development. In four experiments we asked whether 15-month-old infants are able to attribute beliefs with underspecified content, update their content later, and maintain attributed beliefs that are unknown to be true or false. In Experiment 1, infants observed as an agent hid an object to an unspecified location. This location was later revealed in the absence or presence of the agent, and the object was then hidden again to an unspecified location. Then the infants could search for the object while the agent was away. Their search was biased to the revealed location (that could be represented as the potential content of the agent ’ s belief when she had not witnessed the re-hiding), suggesting that they (1) first attributed an underspecified belief to the agent, (2) later updated the content of this belief, and (3) were primed by this content in their own action even though its validity was unknown. This priming effect was absent when the agent witnessed the re-hiding of the object, and thus her belief about the earlier location of the object did not have to be sustained. The same effect was observed when infants searched for a different toy (Experiment 2) or when an additional spatial transformation was introduced (Experiment 4), but not when the spatial transformation disrupted belief updating (Experiment 3). These data suggest that infants ’ representational apparatus is prepared to efficiently track other agents ’ beliefs online, encode underspecified beliefs and define their content later, possibly reflecting a crucial characteristic of mature theory of mind: using a metarepresentational format for ascribed beliefs.
Calculs d'espérance par simulation

This is a simple survey of the main methods used in simulation in the aim of computing expectations of random variables : - The Monte Carlo method, based on the large number theorem and pseudo-random sequences, - The quasi-Monte Carlo methods, based on low discrepancy sequences, - Hybrid methods, - the shift method, based on the pointwise ergodic theorem. The case of infinite dimensional settings is also discussed.
Microquasars in the GeV-TeV era

The discovery of non-thermal X-ray emission from the jets of some X-ray binaries, and especially the discovery of GeV-TeV gamma-rays in some of them, provide a clear evidence of very efficient acceleration of particles to multi-TeV energies in these systems. The observations demonstrate the richness of non-thermal phenomena in compact galactic objects containing relativistic outflows or winds produced near black holes and neutron stars. We review here some of the main observational results on the non-thermal emission from X-ray binaries as well as some of the proposed scenarios to explain the production of high-energy gamma-rays.
Edinburgh Research Explorer Impaired spine stability underlies plaque-related spine loss in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model

Dendritic spines, the site of most excitatory synapses in the brain, are lost in Alzheimer’s disease and in related mouse models, undoubtedly contributing to cognitive dysfunction. We hypothesized that spine loss results from plaque-associated alterations of spine stability, causing an imbalance in spine formation and elimination. To investigate effects of plaques on spine stability in vivo , we observed cortical neurons using multiphoton microscopy in a mouse model of amyloid pathology before and after extensive plaque deposition. We also observed age-matched nontransgenic mice to study normal effects of aging on spine plasticity. We found that spine density and structural plasticity are maintained during normal aging. Tg2576 mice had normal spine density and plasticity before plaques appeared, but after amyloid pathology is established, severe disruptions were observed. In control animals, spine formation and elimination were equivalent over 1 hour of observation ( (cid:1) 5% of observed spines), resulting in stable spine density. However, in aged Tg2576 mice spine elimination increased, specifically in the immediate vicinity of plaques. Spine formation was unchanged, resulting in spine loss. These data show a small population of rapidly changing spines in adult and even elderly mouse cortex; further, in the vicinity of amyloid plaques, spine stability is markedly impaired leading to loss of synaptic structural in-tegrity. (Am J Dementia characteristic of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) results from progressive pathology in vulnerable brain regions,
States that are far from being stabilizer states

Stabilizer states are eigenvectors of maximal commuting sets of operators in a finite Heisenberg group. States that are far from being stabilizer states include magic states in quantum computation, MUB-balanced states, and SIC vectors. In prime dimensions the latter two fall under the umbrella of minimum uncertainty states (MUSs) in the sense of Wootters and Sussman. We study the correlation between two ways in which the notion of ‘far from being a stabilizer state’ can be quantified. Two theorems valid for all prime dimensions are given, as well as detailed results for low dimensions. In dimension 7 we identify the MUB-balanced states as being antipodal to the SIC vectors within the set of MUS, in a sense that we make definite. In dimension 4 we show that the states that come closest to being MUS with respect to all of the six stabilizer MUBs are the fiducial vectors for Alltop MUBs.
Gallium oxide buffer layers for gallium nitride epitaxy

Gallium nitride (GaN) is very attractive semiconductor material because of its unique properties. The serious matter is a lack of easy access to bulk crystals of GaN. Synthesized crystals are precious and rather small. For these reasons almost all device manufacturers and researchers apply alternative substrates for gallium nitride devices epitaxy and it causes that the technology is intricate. Alternative substrates need buffer layers – their technology is usually complex and expensive. We have proposed a simple method to avoid large costs: applying gallium oxide – monoclinic β-Ga 2 O 3 , as the buffer layer, which has structural properties quite good matched to GaN. As the substrates made from single crystal gallium oxide are still hardly available on the market, we have used hydride vapour phase epitaxy (HVPE) GaN epilayers as a starting material. It can be GaN layer under good quality – middle or low. The oxidation process converts top GaN to β-Ga 2 O 3 layer which can release or absorb the strain. Applying such structure in another, second, epitaxy of GaN allows to obtain good quality epitaxial structures using HVPE technique.
Type Ia Supernova Cosmology in the Near-Infrared

We main goal of this paper is to test whether the NIR peak magnitudes of SNe Ia could be accurately estimated with only a single observation obtained close to maximum light, provided the time of B band maximum and the optical stretch parameter are known. We obtained multi-epoch UBVRI and single-epoch J and H photometric observations of 16 SNe Ia in the redshift range z=0.037-0.183, doubling the leverage of the current SN Ia NIR Hubble diagram and the number of SNe beyond redshift 0.04. This sample was analyzed together with 102 NIR and 458 optical light curves (LCs) of normal SNe Ia from the literature. The analysis of 45 well-sampled NIR LCs shows that a single template accurately describes them if its time axis is stretched with the optical stretch parameter. This allows us to estimate the NIR peak magnitudes even with one observation obtained within 10 days from B-band maximum. We find that the NIR Hubble residuals show weak correlation with DM_15 and E(B-V), and for the first time we report a possible dependence on the J_max-H_max color. The intrinsic NIR luminosity scatter of SNe Ia is estimated to be less than 0.08-0.10 mag, which is smaller than what can be derived for a similarly heterogeneous sample at optical wavelengths. In conclusion, we find that SNe Ia are at least as good standard candles in the NIR as in the optical. We showed that it is feasible to extended the NIR SN Ia Hubble diagram to z=0.2 with very modest sampling of the NIR LCs, if complemented by well-sampled optical LCs. Our results suggest that the most efficient way to extend the NIR Hubble diagram to high redshift would be to obtain a single observation close to the NIR maximum. (abridged)