Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Computing Risk for Oil Prospects: Principles and Programs

Introduction - getting things rolling. Part 1 The challenge of risk assessment: the nature of exploration regional hydrocarbon endowment. Part 2 Field size distributions: estimating "Q" oil field populations statistics of frequency distributions caution - future discoveries. Part 3 Success, sequence and gambler's ruin: success ratios and dry hole probabilities. Part 4 Estimating discovery size from prospect size: statistical correlations between properties estimating volumes from seismic maps. Part 5 Outcome probabilities and success ratios: geology and drilling results. Part 6 Modelling prospects: appeal of the simulation approach steps in Monte Carlo simulation. Part 7 Mapping properties and uncertainties: computer contouring how contour maps are made. Part 8 Discriminating discoveries and dry holes: combining geological variables exploring magyarstan target area the intermediate stage the mature stage. Part 9 Forecasting cash flow for a prospect: financial overview discounted net cash flow analysis. Part 10 The worth of money: a dry hole versus a discovery. Part 11 RATs, decision tables and trees: RATs link outcomes with risk how RATs treat information constructing decision tables decision trees overview and a look to the future. Part 12 Bringing it together: risking the Roskoff prospect Roskoff prospect financial analysis some final points.
MWG-UNet: Hybrid Deep Learning Framework for Lung Fields and Heart Segmentation in Chest X-ray Images

Deep learning technology has achieved breakthrough research results in the fields of medical computer vision and image processing. Generative adversarial networks (GANs) have demonstrated a capacity for image generation and expression ability. This paper proposes a new method called MWG-UNet (multiple tasking Wasserstein generative adversarial network U-shape network) as a lung field and heart segmentation model, which takes advantages of the attention mechanism to enhance the segmentation accuracy of the generator so as to improve the performance. In particular, the Dice similarity, precision, and F1 score of the proposed method outperform other models, reaching 95.28%, 96.41%, and 95.90%, respectively, and the specificity surpasses the sub-optimal models by 0.28%, 0.90%, 0.24%, and 0.90%. However, the value of the IoU is inferior to the optimal model by 0.69%. The results show the proposed method has considerable ability in lung field segmentation. Our multi-organ segmentation results for the heart achieve Dice similarity and IoU values of 71.16% and 74.56%. The segmentation results on lung fields achieve Dice similarity and IoU values of 85.18% and 81.36%.
Diagnostic yield of genetic testing in a multinational heterogeneous cohort of 2088 DCM patients

Background Familial dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) causes heart failure and may lead to heart transplantation. DCM is typically a monogenic disorder with autosomal dominant inheritance. Currently disease-causing variants have been reported in over 60 genes that encode proteins in sarcomeres, nuclear lamina, desmosomes, cytoskeleton, and mitochondria. Over half of the patients undergoing comprehensive genetic testing are left without a molecular diagnosis even when patient selection follows strict DCM criteria. Methods and results This study was a retrospective review of patients referred for genetic testing at Blueprint Genetics due to suspected inherited DCM. Next generation sequencing panels included 23–316 genes associated with cardiomyopathies and other monogenic cardiac diseases. Variants were considered diagnostic if classified as pathogenic (P) or likely pathogenic (LP). Of the 2,088 patients 514 (24.6%) obtained a molecular diagnosis; 534 LP/P variants were observed across 45 genes, 2.7% (14/514) had two diagnostic variants in dominant genes. Nine copy number variants were identified: two multigene and seven intragenic. Diagnostic variants were observed most often in TTN (45.3%), DSP (6.7%), LMNA (6.7%), and MYH7 (5.2%). Clinical characteristics independently associated with molecular diagnosis were: a lower age at diagnosis, family history of DCM, paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, absence of left bundle branch block, and the presence of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator. Conclusions Panel testing provides good diagnostic yield in patients with clinically suspected DCM. Causative variants were identified in 45 genes. In minority, two diagnostic variants were observed in dominant genes. Our results support the use of genetic panels in clinical settings in DCM patients with suspected genetic etiology.
Characterizations of idempotent n-ary uninorms

In this paper we provide a characterization of the class of idempotent n-ary uninorms on a given chain. When the chain is finite, we also provide an axiomatic characterization of the latter class by means of four conditions only: associativity, quasitriviality, symmetry, and nondecreasing monotonicity. In particular, we show that associativity can be replaced with bisymmetry in this axiomatization.
Successful Weaning From Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (VV-ECMO) After Initiation of Inhaled Epoprostenol in a Neonate With Refractory Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn (PPHN)

Despite improvements in the medical management of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN), a significant number of patients persist with inadequate gas exchange and are treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Prolonged time to weaning ECMO can increase mortality risk. Therefore, multiple therapies are utilized for pulmonary hypertension treatment, including pharmacotherapy with pulmonary vasodilators, to improve the prognosis of these critical patients. We report a case of a 37 2/7-week neonate with severe PPHN refractory to triple pulmonary vasodilator therapy (inhaled nitric oxide (iNO), sildenafil, and milrinone) and required veno-venous (VV)-ECMO support to improve oxygenation. Our patient was successfully weaned from ECMO after the addition of inhaled epoprostenol (iEPO) therapy. This report indicates that inhaled prostacyclin therapy effectively helps refractory PPHN patients off extracorporeal life support (ECLS) and should be considered a valuable treatment.
Development of a speed breeding protocol with flowering gene investigation in pepper (Capsicum annuum)

Pepper (Capsicum spp.) is a vegetable and spice crop in the Solanaceae family with many nutritional benefits for human health. During several decades, horticultural traits, including disease resistance, yield, and fruit quality, have been improved through conventional breeding methods. Nevertheless, cultivar development is a time-consuming process because of the long generation time of pepper. Recently, speed breeding has been introduced as a solution for shorting the breeding cycle in long-day or day-neutral field crops, but there have been only a few studies on speed breeding in vegetable crops. In this study, a speed breeding protocol for pepper was developed by controlling the photoperiod and light quality. Under the condition of a low red (R) to far-red (FR) ratio of 0.3 with an extended photoperiod (Epp) of 20 h (95 ± 0 DAT), the time to first harvest was shortened by 75 days after transplant (DAT) compared to that of the control treatment (170 ± 2 DAT), suggesting that Epp with FR light is an essential factor for flowering in pepper. In addition, we established the speed breeding system in a greenhouse with a 20 h photoperiod and a 3.8 R:FR ratio and promoted the breeding cycle of C. annuum for 110 days from seed to seed. To explain the accelerated flowering response to the Epp and supplemented FR light, genome-wide association study (GWAS) and gene expression analysis were performed. As a result of the GWAS, we identified a new flowering gene locus for pepper and suggested four candidate genes for flowering (APETALA2 (AP2), WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX4 (WOX4), FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), and GIGANTEA (GI)). Through expression analysis with the candidate genes, it appeared that Epp and FR induced flowering by up-regulating the flowering-promoting gene GI and down-regulating FT. The results demonstrate the effect of a combination of Epp and FR light by genetic analysis of flowering gene expression. This is the first study that verifies gene expression patterns associated with the flowering responses of pepper in a speed breeding system. Overall, this study demonstrates that speed breeding can shorten the breeding cycle and accelerate genetic research in pepper through reduced generation time.
The relationship between plants and their root-associated microbial communities in hydrocarbon phytoremediation systems

Phytoremediation systems for petroleum hydrocarbons rely on a synergistic relationship between plants and their root-associated microbial communities. Plants exude organic compounds through their roots, which increase the density, diversity and activity of plant-associated microorganisms, which in turn degrade hydrocarbons. Understanding the mechanisms driving this relationship poses one of the more intriguing challenges in phytoremediation research. This study was designed to address that challenge. Plantmicrobe interactions in a weathered-hydrocarbon contaminated soil were examined under controlled growth chamber, and field conditions. In both environments singlespecies grass treatments initially facilitated greater total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) degradation than Medicago sativa (alfalfa), mixed species, or control treatments. In growth chamber studies increased degradation was linked to increased aliphatichydrocarbon degrader populations within the rhizosphere. Under field conditions, specific recruitment of endophytic aliphatic-hydrocarbon degraders in response to high TPH levels may have facilitated increased degradation by the grass Elymus angustus (Altai wild rye, AWR). AWR stably maintained these communities during times of local drought, enabling them to act as subsequent source populations for rhizosphere communities. The broad phylogenetic diversity of AWR endophytes, compared to the Pseudomonas-dominated communities of other plants, contributed to the observed stability. The relative composition of exudates released by plants also impacted both degradation activity and potential. Alfalfa released higher concentrations of malonate, which hindered degradation by decreasing metabolic activity and concomitantly inhibiting catabolic plasmid transfer. In contrast, AWR exudates contained high levels of succinate, which was linked to increased catabolic gene expression and plasmid transfer. A reciprocal relationship between exudation patterns and endophytic community structure likely exists, and both parameters have a specific influence on rhizosphere degradation capacity. In this study, grasses were more successful in maintaining the specific balance of all parameters required for the transfer, preservation, and stimulation of hydrocarbon catabolic competency.
The Role of Intrinsic Motivation in Mediating the Effect of Occupational Self-Efficacy on South Kalimantan National Narcotics Agency Officers’ Work Engagement in Banjarmasin

The consequences of the main tasks and functions of the provincial National Narcotics Agency (NNA) in the program of prevention, eradication, abuse, and illicit narcotics (P4GN) require the availability of reliable human resources who enjoy their work and are therefore closely tied to their work. Employees who have a sense of attachment to their work enable the implementation of their main duties, both as a team and individually. A solid team certainly consists of individuals who like their work and who have engagement with their work. This study was conducted to analyze the role of intrinsic motivation in mediating the effect of occupational self-efficacy on National Narcotics Agency (NNA) Officers' work engagement in Banjarmasin (South Kalimantan). The research population was equal to its sample size, including 61 NNA employees, whereas the sample size was taken using a total sampling technique. Data was collected through a survey by distributing questionnaires via Google Forms. Data was analyzed with path analysis techniques using SPSS version 26. The findings show that self-efficacy has a significant positive effect on intrinsic motivation and work engagement. Intrinsic motivation significantly affects employees’ work engagement. Intrinsic motivation significantly and partially mediates the influence of occupational self-efficacy on NNA employee’s work engagement.
Does Decreased Vitamin D Level Trigger Bipolar Manic Attacks?

Background: Bipolar disorder is a chronic psychiatric disorder with depression and manic episodes. It is one of the leading causes of disease-related disability worldwide. Despite the presence of various alternative drug options for bipolar disorder, some patients do not adequately benefit from the treatment. Therefore, possible underlying mechanisms need to be clarified. Recently, studies on the relationship between bipolar disorder and vitamin D (Vit D) have attracted attention. Although many studies have found an association between depression and Vit D deficiency, little is known about the relationship between manic episodes and Vit D. The aim of this study was to compare Vit D and related metabolites of bipolar manic episodes prior to treatment, bipolar remission after treatment, and healthy control groups. Methods: This case–control study consisted of 34 bipolar manic episode patients and 34 healthy controls. Disease activity was evaluated with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) and Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS). Firstly, serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OHD), calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) levels of patients in the bipolar manic episode were measured and compared with healthy control. Secondly, serum 25-OHD, Ca and P levels in the euthymic periods of the same patients were measured and compared with healthy control. Results: Bipolar manic episode Vit D levels were lower when compared to healthy controls; while there was no difference in terms of Ca and P levels. There was no significant difference between the bipolar euthymic period patients and the healthy control group in terms of 25-OHD, Ca and P levels. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated low serum Vit D concentrations in the acute manic episode of bipolar disorder. Decreased Vit D level may play a role in the onset of the manic episode, or malnutrition and insufficient sunlight during the manic episode may have caused Vit D deficiency. Future studies are needed to exclude potential confounding factors and to compare all mood episodes.
Effect of Facebook news use on political attitudes and participation

Politics may be significantly impacted by how often people access Facebook news. Users' understanding and comprehension of political topics may improve as a result of being exposed to political headlines on Facebook, which may have an impact on how they feel and what they believe. Facebook users may be more inclined to have passionate opinions on political topics and engage in political activism if they often read political news on the social media platform. In this study, we examined the effects of Facebook network size, connections with public political actors, use for news, and political expression on political attitudes, protest, and participation. We did this by considering the Orientation Stimulus Reasoning Orientation Response (OSROR) framework for political engagement impacts into consideration. According to data from Hong Kong's (HK) whole population, a city that has one of the highest rates of Facebook adoption globally, structural equation analyses were carried out. Results indicated considering Facebook's size and connections to influential political leaders had an impact on users' engagement in Facebook news, expression, and effectiveness in both direct and indirect ways. Through political speech, Facebook news largely had indirect consequences. A discriminant function analysis also revealed that the most important factors for separating Facebook users from nonusers were age, education, and exposure to online news. This research has consequences for political campaigns and groups trying to enlist members on social media sites like Facebook.
A Novel Rank Approximation Method for Mixture Noise Removal of Hyperspectral Images

Mixture noise removal is a fundamental problem in hyperspectral images’ (HSIs) processing that holds significant practical importance for subsequent applications. This problem can be recast as an approximation issue of a low-rank matrix. In this paper, a novel smooth rank approximation (SRA) model is proposed to cope with these mixture noises for HSIs. The crux idea is to devise a general smooth function under some assumptions to directly approximate the rank function, which attempts to explore a closer approximation than conventional methods. This new optimization model can be easily solved by the convex analysis tool and can remove the mixture noises of HSIs quickly and effectively. Subsequently, we give a feasible iterative algorithm, and the corresponding convergence analysis is discussed mathematically. Experimental results from the simulated data set as well as real data sets illustrate that the proposed SRA method significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art methods on HSI denoising.
Routing States Transition During Oscillatory Bursts and Attention States

Neural information routing relies on spatiotemporal activity dynamics across interconnected brain areas. However, it remains unclear how routing states emerge at fast spiking timescales and interact with the slower activity dynamics of larger networks during cognitive processes. Here, we show that localized neural spiking events generate long-range directional routing states with spiking activity in distant brain areas that dynamically switch or amplify during oscillatory bursts, selective attention, and decision-making. Computational modeling and neural recordings from lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and striatum of nonhuman primates revealed that cross-areal, directional routing states arise within ~20 ms around spikes of single neurons. On average, LPFC spikes led activity in the ACC and striatum by few milliseconds. The routing state was amplified during LPFC beta bursts between the LPFC and striatum and switched direction during ACC theta bursts between ACC and LPFC. Selective attention amplified the lead of these theta-specific lead-ensembles in the ACC, while decision-making amplified the lead of ACC and LPFC spiking output over the striatum. Notably, the fast lead/lag relationships of cross-areal neuronal ensembles that were modulated by attention states or decision-making predicted firing rate dynamics of their neurons during those functional states at slower timescales.
Genome-wide analysis of the U-box E3 ubiquitin ligase family role in drought tolerance in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

Plant U-box (PUB) proteins belong to a class of ubiquitin ligases essential in various biological processes. Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is an important and worldwide cultivated oilseed crop. However few studies have been conducted to explore the role of PUBs in drought tolerance in sesame. This study identified a total of 56 members of the sesame PUB family (SiPUB) genes distributed unevenly across all 13 chromosomes. Based on phylogenetic analysis, all 56 SiPUB genes were classified into six groups with various structures and motifs. Cis-acting element analysis suggested that the SiPUB genes are involved in response to various stresses including drought. Based on RNA-seq analysis and quantitative real-time PCR, we identified nine SiPUB genes with significantly different expression profiles under drought stress. The expression patterns of six SiPUB genes in root, leaf and stem tissues corroborated the reliability of the RNA-seq datasets. These findings underscore the importance of SiPUB genes in enhancing drought tolerance in sesame plants. Our study provides novel insights into the evolutionary patterns and variations of PUB genes in sesame and lays the foundation for comprehending the functional characteristics of SiPUB genes under drought-induced stress conditions.
Effects of Different Doses of Caffeine Supplementation on Collegiate Male Volleyball Players’ Specific Performance and Skills: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Study

Background: The improvement of performance and skill indices of volleyball players can affect their success rate. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the effects of acute caffeine supplementation of varied doses on collegiate volleyball players’ specific performance and skills. Method: This research was a randomized, double-blind, crossover design study in which 15 male volleyball players aged 18 to 25 years participated voluntarily. Participants were randomly placed in three different conditions, including 3 mg of caffeine per kilogram of body weight (C3), 6 mg of caffeine per kilogram of body weight (C6), and a placebo (PLA) with a one-week wash-out period between exercise trials. The supplement was taken 60 min before each exercise session. Ball throwing, hand movement speed, agility, Sargent’s jump and handgrip, and attacking and serving skill tests were measured and analyzed to check the performance and skill of the volleyball players. Results: This study showed a significant increase in agility test in C6 compared with the PLA condition (p = 0.02). Additionally, there was a significant improvement in Sargent’s jump in C6 compared with PLA (p = 0.00) and C6 compared with the C3 condition (p = 0.00). Also, attacking skill significantly increased in C3 compared with PLA (p = 0.00) and C6 compared with the PLA condition (p = 0.00). In addition, there was a significant increase in serving skill for C6 compared with PLA (p = 0.00) and C3 (p = 0.00). However, there were no significant differences in hand movement speed (p = 0.06), left handgrip (p = 0.85), right handgrip (p = 0.47), or medicine ball throwing (p = 0.22) between the three conditions. Conclusions: In conclusion, the findings of the current study suggested that a higher dose of caffeine compared with a lower dose may be more effective in movements requiring lower-body explosive power and the ability to change direction. Also, according to the findings, it seems that caffeine can lead to the improvement of complex skills, such as serving and attacking in volleyball.
dgLARS method for relative risk regression models

With the introduction of high-throughput technologies in clinical and epidemiological studies, the need for inferential tools that are able to deal with fat data-structures, i.e., relatively small number of observations compared to the number of features, is becoming more prominent. To solve this problem, we propose an extension of the dgLARS method to relative risk regression model. The main idea of proposed method is to use the differential geometric structure of the partial likelihood function in order to select the optimal subset of covariates.