Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of Spin Crossover Molecular Complexes

We review the current understanding of the time scale and mechanisms associated with the change in spin state in transition metal-based spin crossover (SCO) molecular complexes. Most time resolved experiments, performed by optical techniques, rely on the intrinsic light-induced switching properties of this class of materials. The optically driven spin state transition can be mediated by a rich interplay of complexities including intermediate states in the spin state transition process, as well as intermolecular interactions, temperature, and strain. We emphasize here that the size reduction down to the nanoscale is essential for designing SCO systems that switch quickly as well as possibly retaining the memory of the light-driven state. We argue that SCO nano-sized systems are the key to device applications where the “write” speed is an important criterion.
Interruptin C, a Radioprotective Agent, Derived from Cyclosorus terminans Protect Normal Breast MCF-10A and Human Keratinocyte HaCaT Cells against Radiation-Induced Damage

Radiotherapy is a common method to treat cancers, with the goal of maximizing the dose to tumors while minimizing the dose to normal tissues. Radioprotectors can reduce the toxicity to normal tissues during radiotherapy. Several plant-derived compounds can function as radioprotectors by scavenging free radicals. We investigated the radioprotective activity of interruptin C from the fern Cyclosorus terminans. The molecular mechanism of interruptin C’s activity in X-ray-irradiated cells was evaluated. Superoxide dismutase activity was examined to investigate the antioxidant enzyme activity. Clonogenic cell survival was also investigated following radiation exposure. DNA damage and cell cycle progression were detected using micronuclei formation assays. DNA repair after irradiation was analyzed in a γH2AX assay. The levels of the proteins related to the radioprotective responses were analyzed by Western blotting. Interruptin C increased the antioxidant enzyme activity and significantly decreased the DNA damage by reducing the γH2AX foci and micronucleus formation in irradiated MCF-10A normal breast and HaCaT human keratinocyte cells. The apoptotic protein levels decreased, whereas the antiapoptotic protein levels increased. Interruptin C pretreatment increased the survival rate of irradiated MCF-10A and HaCaT cells. Moreover, the compound did not promote the survival of MDA-MB-231 and Hs578T breast cancer cells. Therefore, interruptin C may exert radioprotective activity without enhancing cancer cell proliferation.
Optimization of Flow in Microbial Fuel Cells: An Investigation into Promoting Micro-Mixer Efficiency with Obstacle

An important obstacle to overcome in the advancement of microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology is to improve the efficiency of the micro-channel and micro-mixer components in a MFC system. Through the use of a commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulator, this project analyzed three passive Y-type micro-mixer designs and collected data pertaining to velocity, pressure drop, and performance flow efficiency. Various factors considered in this study include inlet aspect ratios and varying inlet Reynolds ratios. When the micro-mixers were investigated, the introduction of mixing cylinders inside the micro-mixer increases mixing efficiency but also raises the pressure drop. In addition, the flow mixing would be enhanced with a lower Aspect ratio and a larger inlet Reynolds ratio. The side wall effect and shear stress would offer a positive effect on flow mixing. The concept of the cylinders embedded in the flow channel would be applied to MFCs for improvement of power performance.
Electrically varactor-tuned bandpass filter with constant bandwidth and self-adaptive transmission zeros

This paper presents a wideband frequency-agile bandpass filter (BPF) with constant absolute bandwidth (ABW) and two self-adaptive transmission zeros (TZs) at lower and higher stopbands. A frequency-dependent source-to-load (S-L) coupling is incorporated in this design so that two symmetrical TZs close to the tunable passband are self-adaptive and the separations between the passband center frequency and two TZs can almost keep the same for achieving continuous high selectivity in the frequency-tuning process. A lumped capacitor C 1 and a varactor diode are loaded to the two open ends of the half-wavelength resonator. With the aid of the employed C 1, the desired external quality factor can be obtained in a wide frequency-tuning range. Meanwhile, properly choosing the specific coupling region can make the coupling coefficient close to the desired one. As a result, the constant ABW can be obtained as the passband frequency changes. For demonstration, the proposed BPF is designed and fabricated. The simulated and measured results are presented. The results exhibit the tuning range from 430 MHz to 720 MHz with 3-dB constant ABW of around 75 MHz and the insertion loss of 1.34–2.92 dB, and the distance from TZs to center frequency is nearly constant at 150 MHz.
C3H7NO2S effect on concrete steel-rebar corrosion in 0.5 M H2SO4 simulating industrial/microbial environment

This paper investigates C3H7NO2S (Cysteine) effect on the inhibition of reinforcing steel corrosion in concrete immersed in 0.5 M H2SO4, for simulating industrial/microbial environment. Different C3H7NO2S concentrations were admixed, in duplicates, in steel-reinforced concrete samples that were partially immersed in the acidic sulphate environment. Electrochemical monitoring techniques of open circuit potential, as per ASTM C876-91 R99, and corrosion rate, by linear polarization resistance, were then employed for studying anticorrosion effect in steel-reinforced concrete samples by the organic hydrocarbon admixture. Analyses of electrochemical test-data followed ASTM G16-95 R04 prescriptions including probability distribution modeling with significant testing by Kolmogorov-Smirnov and student's t-tests statistics. Results established that all datasets of corrosion potential distributed like the Normal, the Gumbel and the Weibull distributions but that only the Weibull model described all the corrosion rate datasets in the study, as per the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test-statistics. Results of the student's t-test showed that differences of corrosion test-data between duplicated samples with the same C3H7NO2S concentrations were not statistically significant. These results indicated that 0.06878 M C3H7NO2S exhibited optimal inhibition efficiency η = 90.52±1.29% on reinforcing steel corrosion in the concrete samples immersed in 0.5 M H2SO4, simulating industrial/microbial service-environment.
Automatic DEM data classification of Mars lineament structure

This paper presents an automatic classification algorithm of Mars surface lineament structure based on Resnet50 in DEM (digital elevation model) data. This work aims to reduce the time spent by planetary researchers on the collection of lineament structure samples, so as to concentrate on scientific research based on lineament structure data. This method avoids the problems that traditional DTA (digital terrain analysis) technology can only be used locally and the judgment threshold is difficult to set due to the large differences in Mars around the planet. The highest accuracy of crater is 98.15%, the highest accuracy of dorsum is 100%, the highest accuracy of Vallis is 94.44%, and the highest total accuracy is 87.96%.
LncRNAs as the Regulators of Brain Function and Therapeutic Targets for Alzheimer’s Disease

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia and a serious threat to the health and safety of the elderly population. It has become an emerging public health problem and a major economic and social burden. However, there is currently no effective treatment for AD. Although the mechanism of AD pathogenesis has been investigated substantially, the full range of molecular factors that contribute to its development remain largely unclear. In recent years, accumulating evidence has revealed that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a type of non-coding RNA longer than 200 nucleotides, play important roles in multiple biological processes involved in AD pathogenesis. With the further exploration of genomics, the role of lncRNA in the pathogenesis of AD has been phenotypically or mechanistically studied. Herein, we systematically review the current knowledge about lncRNAs implicated in AD and elaborate on their main regulatory pathways, which may contribute to the discovery of novel therapeutic targets and drugs for AD.
The paradox of the circular economy in the raw materials industry

Circular economy has, in the case of some raw materials, its own drawbacks. The principle states that reuse is basic to reduce primary production, thus in a healthy circular economy we should recycle as many elaborated raw materials as possible (in the case of aluminium i.e., tins, window frames, etc). The new products from these sources will then cost less and it appears as if growth could be unlimited as we recycle residues and produce new resources. And statistics should then show that thanks to the new supply from recycling, we will need less raw materials. We are now confronted with the facts that were anticipated by Jevons paradox: an improved efficiency will lower the price of the commodity and because of this; instead of a reduction we see a clear increase in the use of the resource.
Human Gingival Fibroblast Adhesion and Proliferation on Hydroxyapatite-Coated Zirconia Abutment Surfaces

Applying antibacterial coatings to dental implant materials seems reasonable but can have negative influences on desired cell adhesion and healing. In this study, zirconia abutment specimens interacting with gingival tissue were used. The aim was to compare the influence of machined or coated zirconia surfaces on the adhesion and proliferation of human gingival fibroblasts (HGF-1). Surface modifications were performed using atmospheric plasma coating with hydroxyapatite, zinc, and copper. Zirconia specimens were divided into four groups: hydroxyapatite, hydroxyapatite with zinc oxide (ZnO), hydroxyapatite with copper (Cu), and an untreated machined surface. After the characterization of the surface conditions, the morphology of adhered HGF-1 was determined by fluorescence staining and subjected to statistical evaluation. The visual analysis of cell morphology by SEM showed flat, polygonal, and largely adherent fibroblast cells in the untreated group, while round to partially flat cells were recorded in the groups with hydroxyapatite, hydroxyapatite + ZnO, and hydroxyapatite + Cu. The cell membranes in the hydroxyapatite + ZnO and hydroxyapatite + Cu groups appeared porous. The results show that HGF-1 adhere and proliferate well on machined zirconia, while plasma coating with hydroxyapatite or hydroxyapatite mixtures does not lead to increased adhesion or proliferation.
The Roles of Fatty Acids and Apolipoproteins in the Kidneys

The kidneys are organs that require energy from the metabolism of fatty acids and glucose; several studies have shown that the kidneys are metabolically active tissues with an estimated energy requirement similar to that of the heart. The kidneys may regulate the normal and pathological function of circulating lipids in the body, and their glomerular filtration barrier prevents large molecules or large lipoprotein particles from being filtered into pre-urine. Given the permeable nature of the kidneys, renal lipid metabolism plays an important role in affecting the rest of the body and the kidneys. Lipid metabolism in the kidneys is important because of the exchange of free fatty acids and apolipoproteins from the peripheral circulation. Apolipoproteins have important roles in the transport and metabolism of lipids within the glomeruli and renal tubules. Indeed, evidence indicates that apolipoproteins have multiple functions in regulating lipid import, transport, synthesis, storage, oxidation and export, and they are important for normal physiological function. Apolipoproteins are also risk factors for several renal diseases; for example, apolipoprotein L polymorphisms induce kidney diseases. Furthermore, renal apolipoprotein gene expression is substantially regulated under various physiological and disease conditions. This review is aimed at describing recent clinical and basic studies on the major roles and functions of apolipoproteins in the kidneys.
Metallic Implants Used in Lumbar Interbody Fusion

Over the last decade, pedicle fixation systems have evolved and modifications in spinal fusion techniques have been developed to increase fusion rates and improve clinical outcomes after lumbar interbody fusion (LIF). Regarding materials used for screw and rod manufacturing, metals, especially titanium alloys, are the most popular resources. In the case of pedicle screws, that biomaterial can be also doped with hydroxyapatite, CaP, ECM, or tantalum. Other materials used for rod fabrication include cobalt–chromium alloys and nitinol (nickel–titanium alloy). In terms of mechanical properties, the ideal implant used in LIF should have high tensile and fatigue strength, Young’s modulus similar to that of the bone, and should be 100% resistant to corrosion to avoid mechanical failures. On the other hand, a comprehensive understanding of cellular and molecular pathways is essential to identify preferable characteristics of implanted biomaterial to obtain fusion and avoid implant loosening. Implanted material elicits a biological response driven by immune cells at the site of insertion. These reactions are subdivided into innate (primary cellular response with no previous exposure) and adaptive (a specific type of reaction induced after earlier exposure to the antigen) and are responsible for wound healing, fusion, and also adverse reactions, i.e., hypersensitivity. The main purposes of this literature review are to summarize the physical and mechanical properties of metal alloys used for spinal instrumentation in LIF which include fatigue strength, Young’s modulus, and corrosion resistance. Moreover, we also focused on describing biological response after their implantation into the human body. Our review paper is mainly focused on titanium, cobalt–chromium, nickel–titanium (nitinol), and stainless steel alloys.
The Process of Creative Economy Development as An Institutional Work

Although experiencing an underdeveloped institutional environment, there is a significant contribution of Indonesia’s creative economy to the national economy. Therefore, it is important to investigate the process of creative economy development in Indonesia, as an emerging market. This research investigates an underdeveloped institutional environment confronted by the creative economy actors and how they face this environment in Bandung city. The method used by this research is multiple case studies that mainly collect data by conducting in-depth interviews from the quadruple helix entities. It is found that the bottom-up approach was organically implemented in the creative economy development process in Bandung. This conduct was based on the cultural-cognitive institutional pillar and showed a community as the institutional entrepreneur that spanned an institutional void. This research can be considered as a pioneer in institutional entrepreneurship studies which focus on the creative economy in emerging markets. Further study can utilize the Penta helix approach to expand the result of this research. Keywords— creative economy; emerging market; institutional entrepreneur; institutional work.
PENGARUH LATIHAN SWISS BALL TERHADAP PENINGKATAN FLEKSIBILITAS TRUNK PADA REMAJA PUTRI USIA 17-21 TAHUN

Abstract: swiss ball exercise, flexibility trunk. The Purpose To determine the effect of exercise on the swiss ball trunk flexibility in young women aged 17–21 years. Research Methodology Design using a one group pre and post test design. Subjects 29 students of Department of Physiotherapy Surakarta Health Polytechnic aged 17–21 years. Method the Surakarta Health Polytechnic Forum measurement of sit and reach test to measure flexibility trunk. Data Analysis Differential test before and after treatment using a parametric test paired sample t test showed p = 0.00, p <0.05 there are significant differences in the value of the sit and reach test before and after treatment. Conclusion no influence of the Swiss Ball exercises to increase flexibility in the trunk adolescent girls aged 17–21 years.
From Left Atrial Dimension to Curved M-Mode Speckle-Tracking Images: Role of Echocardiography in Evaluating Patients with Atrial Fibrillation

Left atrial (LA) enlargement and dysfunction increase the risk of atrial fibrillation (AF). Traditional echocardiographic evaluation of the left atrium has been limited to dimensional and semi-quantification measurement of the atrial component of ventricular filling, with routine measurement of LA function not yet implemented. However, functional parameters, such as LA emptying fraction (LAEF), may be more sensitive markers for detecting AF-related changes than LA enlargement. Speckle-tracking echocardiography has proven to be a feasible and reproducible technology for the direct evaluation of LA function. The clinical application, advantages, and limitations of LA strain and strain rate need to be fully understood. Furthermore, the prognostic value and utility of this technique in making therapeutic decisions for patients with AF need further elucidation. Deep learning neural networks have been successfully adapted to specific tasks in echocardiographic image analysis, and fully automated measurements based on artificial intelligence could facilitate the clinical diagnostic use of LA speckle-tracking images for classification of AF ablation outcome. This review describes the fundamental concepts and a brief overview of the prognostic utility of LA size, LAEF, LA strain and strain rate analyses, and the clinical implications of the use of these measures.
Elongating Effect of the Peptide AEDL on the Root of Nicotiana tabacum under Salinity

The overall survival of a plant depends on the development, growth, and functioning of the roots. Root development and growth are not only genetically programmed but are constantly influenced by environmental factors, with the roots adapting to such changes. The peptide AEDL (alanine–glutamine acid–asparagine acid–leucine) at a concentration of 10−7 M had an elongating effect on the root cells of Nicotiana tabacum seedlings. The action of this peptide at such a low concentration is similar to that of peptide phytohormones. In the presence of 150 mM NaCl, a strong distortion in the development and architecture of the tobacco roots was observed. However, the combined presence of AEDL and NaCl resulted in normal root development. In the presence of AEDL, reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected in the elongation and root hair zones of the roots. The ROS marker fluorescence intensity in plant cells grown with AEDL was much lower than that of plant cells grown without the peptide. Thus, AEDL protected the root tissue from damage by oxidative stress caused by the toxic effects of NaCl. Localization and accumulation of AEDL at the root were tissue-specific. Fluorescence microscopy showed that FITC-AEDL predominantly localized in the zones of elongation and root hairs, with insignificant localization in the meristem zone. AEDL induced a change in the structural organization of chromatin. Structural changes in chromatin caused significant changes in the expression of numerous genes associated with the development and differentiation of the root system. In the roots of tobacco seedlings grown in the presence of AEDL, the expression of WOX family genes decreased, and differentiation of stem cells increased, which led to root elongation. However, in the presence of NaCl, elongation of the tobacco root occurred via a different mechanism involving genes of the expansin family that weaken the cell wall in the elongation zone. Root elongation of plants is of fundamental importance in biology and is especially relevant to crop production as it can affect crop yields.
Listening to the Voice in the Field: Cooperating Teacher, Candidate and Supervisor Perspectives on Creating Collaborative Environments

: The researcher surveyed teacher candidates, cooperating teachers and university supervisors in a teacher preparation program at a 4-year, public university. This article focuses on a four semester study surveying the perceptions of pre-service teachers, cooperating teachers and university supervisors as to the necessary elements for a collaborative framework in a co-teaching environment.
CST Study on Lightning Indirect Effect

闪电通过飞机开口缝隙耦合进入飞机内部，产生电磁干扰。 本文利用CST仿真软件在787模型上设置开口缝隙结构，对其电磁耦合机理进行验证；选取了不同型号的传输线，对比分析其电磁屏蔽性能，为线缆铺设改装提供依据。 Lightning is coupled into the airplane through the gap of the aircraft, which produces electromagnetic interference. In this paper, the CST simulation software is used to set up the slot structure on the 787 model to verify its electromagnetic coupling mechanism; this simulation selects different kinds of cables, analyzing their electromagnetic shielding performance by comparison and providing the basis for the cable laying and modification.
A review of recent evidence of dietary protein intake and health

The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey of 2013 to 2017 reported that the average protein consumption of the Korean population is above the current recommended nutrient intake of protein proposed by the Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans. Some health professionals and the media often advise consuming diets high in protein for promoting metabolic regulation, weight control, and muscle synthesis. However, due to lack of scientific evidence, the validity and safety of high protein consumption are yet to be fully ascertained. The present review assesses recent evidence published in 2014–2020 from human studies, focusing on adequate protein intake and protein sources for the prevention of chronic diseases, particularly metabolic disorders and sarcopenia.
The Effects of Sternocleidomastoid Muscle Taping on Postural Control in Healthy Young Adults: A Pilot Crossover Study

Background: Postural control is a complex ability, also controlled by the somatosensory connection of the neck muscles with the vestibular nuclei. This circuit seems to be interested in maintaining head stabilization during movements. The sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle is the dominant source of the vestibular afferents as confirmed by neurophysiological acquisition. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether the application of kinesio-tape on the SCM muscle can induce a perturbation of the standing postural control by altering the somatosensory system of the neck muscles. Methods: Thirteen healthy participants (age: 24.46 ± 3.04 yrs; 9 female) were enrolled, and the four kinesio-tape (KT) conditions were performed in a random order: without KT application (Ctrl); right KT application (R-SCM); left KT application (L-SCM); and bilateral KT application (B-SCM). All conditions were performed three times with open eyes and closed eyes. Results: There was a significant increase in the length of the centre of pressure (CoP), in the maximal oscillation, and in the anteroposterior root mean square between the three tape application conditions with respect to the Ctrl condition with open eyes. The same parameters were statistically different when the participants were blindfolded in the B-SCM condition with respect to the Ctrl condition. A statistical decrease in the difference in weight distribution between the two feet was observed in the B-SCM group with respect to the Ctrl group in both open and closed eyes conditions. Conclusions: Our results suggest that KT on the SCM muscles may involve some space-time parameters of postural control. Bilateral KT improved the weight distribution between the feet but showed a parallel increase in anteroposterior oscillations and in the length of the CoP with respect to the Ctrl condition. The perturbation seems to be greater in the somatosensory system when it is working coupled with visual afferences during an upright position.