Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation objective des méthodes de segmentation des maillages polygonaux 3D basée sur la classification de régions

RÉSUMÉ. Dans ce papier, nous proposons une approche d'évaluation objective des algorithmes de segmentation des maillages polygonaux 3D, basée sur la classification de régions. Cette approche commence par un processus de classification de régions du maillage constituant la vérité-terrain en régions convexes, concaves et planes. Nous présentons ensuite trois mesures de qualité qui permettent de quantifier la similarité de chaque type de région de la vérité-terrain par rapport à la segmentation obtenue par un algorithme automatique. Nous appliquons l’approche proposée sur un échantillon de huit techniques de segmentation bien choisies sur une base d’images hétérogène. Les résultats d’évaluation obtenus permettent d’assurer une meilleure compréhension des points forts et faibles de chaque technique dans la segmentation des différents types de régions du maillage et ceci afin d’aiguiller correctement le choix des algorithmes de segmentation pour différentes applications. ABSTRACT. In this paper, we propose an objective evaluation approach of polygonal 3D mesh segmentation algorithms. Our approach is based on region classification. For that, we classify first manual segmented mesh into convex, concave and planar regions. Secondly, we present three quality measures that quantify the similarity of each type of region of the ground-truth relatively to the segmentation obtained by an automatic algorithm. We apply this approach on eight well-selected existing algorithms on heterogeneous images. This provides better understanding as to the strengths and weaknesses of each technique in function of each mesh-regions type in the aim to make the better choice concerning the segmentation algorithms for different applications.
Abstract: Antibacterial Activity Testing of Mahoony (Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq) Peel Extract with Comparison of Maceration and Percollation

: Antibacterial Activity Testing of Mahoony ( Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq) Peel Extract with Comparison of Maceration and Percollation Extraction Methods on Escherichia coli Bacteria. Diarrhea is a disease caused by Escherichia coli bacteria which can usually be infected by consuming food that has been infected with these bacteria. The purpose of this study was to determine whether mahogany ( Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq) peel extract could be effective as an antibacterial and whether there was an effect if the extraction method was carried out in a different way. The methods used in this research are maceration extraction method and percolation using 96% ethanol as solvent and antibacterial testing of mahogany rind against Escherichia coli bacteria. The yield of extraction results obtained as much as 3.316% through the maceration extraction method and 2.852% through the percolation extraction method. The antibacterial activity of mahogany rind extract is in the medium category with a range of 5-10mm. The maceration extraction method has better antibacterial activity than the percolation extraction method because the overall LSD value has a significant difference from percolation extraction at a concentration of 75%, maceration extraction at a concentration of 100%.
Source Functions for Diffusion in Uniform Shear Flow

The problem of molecular diffusion in a fluid simultaneously undergoing shear flow is analysed for the simple case of uniform shear. Solutions for instantaneous point and line sources are obtained using Fourier transform methods and the results are presented in some detail. The solutions also describe the diffusion of heat from an instantaneously heated source in a fluid undergoing a similar shear pattern.
Doping effect of multiwall carbon nanotubes on the microwave electromagnetic properties of NiCoZn spinel ferrites

NiCoZn ferrites have been found exhibiting two well separated resonance peaks. One is due to domain wall movement at 1.76GHz. One is due to spin rotation at 6.80GHz. With increasing the content of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in the NiCoZn ferrite/MWCNT/wax hybrid composites, both resonance peaks are maintained, but their peak positions are found dependent on the MWCNT content. The damping factor for spin rotation is found decreasing as the content of MWCNT in composites increases. The dielectric loss of hybrid composites is also found significantly increased by increasing the content of MWCNT. The doping effects of MWCNT are thought due to the interaction between the ferrite and MWCNT. The microwave permeability of pure MWCNT has also been investigated, and it is believed due to the residual nanosized Ni particles.
Integral solutions of trigonometric Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equations and Kac-Moody algebras

We use Kac-Moody algebras to get some integral solutions for trigonometric r-matrix KnizhnikZamolodchikov equations of type X^\ generalizing those in the case of Yang's r-matrix, where our construction gives a new interpretation and a short proof of Schechtman, Varchenko theorem.
A Quantitative Analysis of the Enhanced-V Feature in Relation to Severe Weather

Early enhanced-V studies used 8-km ground-sampled distance and 30-min temporal-sampling Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) infrared (IR) imagery. In contrast, the groundsampled distance of current satellite imagery is 1 km for low earth orbit (LEO) satellite IR imagery. This improved spatial resolution is used to detect and investigate quantitative parameters of the enhanced-V feature. One of the goals of this study is to use the 1-km-resolution LEO data to help understand the impact of higher-resolution GOES data (GOES-R) when it becomes available. A second goal is to use the LEO data available now to provide better severe storm information than GOES when it is available. This study investigates the enhanced-V feature observed with 1-km-resolution satellite imagery as an aid for severe weather warning forecasters by comparing with McCann’s enhanced-V study. Therefore, verification statistics such as the probability of detection, false alarm ratio, and critical success index were calculated. Additionally, the importance of upper-level winds to severe weather occurrence will be compared with that of the quantitative parameters of the enhanced-V feature. The main goal is to provide a basis for the development of an automated detection algorithm for enhanced-V features from the results in this study. Another goal is to examine daytime versus nighttime satellite overpass distributions with the enhanced-V feature.
A Spatio‐Temporal Model for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Data – with a View to Resting State Networks

Abstract. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a technique for studying the active human brain. During the fMRI experiment, a sequence of MR images is obtained, where the brain is represented as a set of voxels. The data obtained are a realization of a complex spatio‐temporal process with many sources of variation, both biological and technical. We present a spatio‐temporal point process model approach for fMRI data where the temporal and spatial activation are modelled simultaneously. It is possible to analyse other characteristics of the data than just the locations of active brain regions, such as the interaction between the active regions. We discuss both classical statistical inference and Bayesian inference in the model. We analyse simulated data without repeated stimuli both for location of the activated regions and for interactions between the activated regions. An example of analysis of fMRI data, using this approach, is presented.
PERFORMANCE OF A LOCALIZED TREE SPLITTING CRITERION IN TREE AVERAGING

This paper explores the performance of the local splitting criterion devised by Bremner & Taplin for classification and regression trees when multiple trees are averaged to improve performance. The criterion is compared with the deviance used by Clark & Pregibon's method, which is a global splitting criterion typically used to grow trees. The paper considers multiple trees generated by randomly selecting splits with probability proportional to the likelihood for the split, and by bagging where bootstrap samples from the data are used to grow trees. The superiority of the localized splitting criterion often persists when multiple trees are grown and averaged for six datasets.
SPRAY CHARACTERISTICS OF LIQUID JET TRAVERSING SUBSONIC AIRSTREAMS

The spray characteristics of a liquid jet traversing subsonic airstreams were experimentally investigated. The disintegration phenomena of liquid jets were observed by instantaneous photographs and high-speed video movies. The waves on the liquid jet surface are three dimensional and show very complicated behaviors. These waves are an important cause of the liquid jet disintegration. Droplet mass e uxes were measured using an isokinetic sampling probe. Empirical equations of their distributions that are expressed by the standard normal function were deduced. Droplet sizes and droplet velocities were measured by a phase Doppler particle analyzer. At low air velocity, the mean droplet diameter reaches its maximum in the peripheral mixing region. At high air velocity, however, the mean droplet diameter reaches its maximum in the core region. The droplet velocity peaks in the peripheral mixing region over the whole range of the air velocity.
Moderate deviations for martingale differences and applications to φ -mixing sequences

For a R d -valued sequence of martingale differences { m k } k S 1 , we obtain a moderate deviation principle for the sequence of partial sums { Z n ( t ) 1 ~ k =1 [ nt ] m k / b n , t ] [0,1]}, in the space of càdlàg functions equipped with the Skorohod topology, under the following conditions: a Chen-Ledoux type condition, an exponential convergence in probability of the associated quadratic variation process of the martingale, and a condition of "Lindeberg" type. For the small jumps of Z n (·), we apply the general result of Puhalskii [Puhalskii, A. (1994). "Large deviations of semimartingales via convergence of the predictable characteristics". Stoch. Stoch. Rep. , 49 , pp. 27-85]. Following the method of Ledoux [Ledoux, M. (1992). "Sur les déviations modérées des sommes de variables aléatoires vectorielles indépendantes de même loi". Ann. Inst. H. Poincaré , 28 , pp. 267-280] and Arcones [Arcones, A. (1999). "The large deviation principle for stochastic processes", Submitted for publication], we prove that the large jumps part of Z n (·) is negligible in the sense of the moderate deviations. One can regard our result as an extension to martingale differences, of the beautiful characterization of moderate deviations for i.i. d.r. v. case due to Chen [Chen, X. (1991). "The moderate deviations of independent vectors in Banach space". Chin. J. Appl. Probab. Stat. , 7 , pp. 124-32] and Ledoux [Ledoux, M. (1992). "Sur les déviations modérées des sommes de variables aléatoires vectorielles indépendantes de même loi". Ann. Inst. H. Poincaré , 28 , pp. 267-280]. Using the Gordin [Gordin, M.I. (1969). "The central limit theorem for stationary processes". Soviet Math. Dokl. , 10 , pp. 1174-1176] decomposition, the martingale result is applied to prove the moderate deviation principle for a wide class of stationary { -mixing sequences of random variables.
Outer inverse restricted by a linear system

We follow the idea to find the solution of quadratic minimization problems restricted by linear constraints and to investigate underlying generalized inverses. A generalization of this approach leads to a new kind of outer generalized inverse, called the -minimal -constrained inverse of (called the minimal inverse of shortly), with respect to a positive semidefinite/definite matrix and a singular matrix . The introduced generalized inverse is related with the minimization of the quadratic form under the constraint set defined by the consistent equation . In this way, the generalized inverse arising from this constrained quadratic minimization problem gives a minimal T-semi-norm/norm solution of the system of linear equations . The range and the null space of defined outer inverse are determined. Computational algorithms are defined and numerical experiments related with properties of the minimal inverse are also presented.
Regularized Reconstruction of Wave Height and Slope Fields From Refracted Images of Water

Refractive imaging of wave fields in an established experimental technique. We consider the associated reconstruction problem and investigate some statistically motivated refinements, including (a) bias correction of local slope estimates, (b) regularization of directional slopes, (c) spatially weighted reconstruction using the estimated variability of local slope estimates, and (d) more accurate estimates of reference light profiles from time sequence data. These refinements are based on a nonparametric observational model for refractive imaging data. Simulation studies show that the refinements can result in substantial improvements in the mean squared error of reconstruction. A computationally efficient algorithm that exploits sparsity is used to evaluate the regularized estimator. Our approach is illustrated by an application to real image data.
Quasi-steady-state photoconductance, a new method for solar cell material and device characterization

This paper describes a new method for minority-carrier lifetime determination using a contactless photoconductance instrument in a quasi-steady-state mode. Compared to the more common transient photoconductance decay approach, the new technique permits the use of simpler electronics and light sources, yet has the capability to measure lifetimes in the nanosecond to millisecond range. In addition, by analyzing the quasi-steady-state photoconductance as a function of incident light intensity, an implicit I/sub SC/-V/sub OV/ curve can be obtained for noncontacted silicon wafers and solar cell precursors.
Non-equilibrium extrapolation method for velocity and pressure boundary conditions in the lattice Boltzmann method

In this paper, we propose a new approach to implementing boundary conditions in the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM). The basic idea is to decompose the distribution function at the boundary node into its equilibrium and non-equilibrium parts and then to approximate the non-equilibrium part with a first-order extrapolation of the non-equilibrium part of the distribution at the neighbouring fluid node. Schemes for velocity and pressure boundary conditions are constructed based on this method. The resulting schemes are of second-order accuracy. Numerical tests show that the numerical solutions of the LBM together with the present boundary schemes are in excellent agreement with the analytical solutions. Second-order convergence is also verified from the results. It is also found that the numerical stability of the present schemes is much better than that of the original extrapolation schemes proposed by Chen et al. (1996 Phys. Fluids 8 2527).
DYNAMIC FACTOR MODELS

This paper introduces nonlinear dynamic factor models for various applications related to risk analysis. Traditional factor models represent the dynamics of processes driven by movements of latent variables, called the factors. Our approach extends this setup by introducing factors defined as random dynamic parameters and stochastic autocorrelated simulators. This class of factor models can represent processes with time varying conditional mean, variance, skewness and excess kurtosis. Applications discussed in the paper include dynamic risk analysis, such as risk in price variations (models with stochastic mean and volatility), extreme risks (models with stochastic tails), risk on asset liquidity (stochastic volatility duration models), and moral hazard in insurance analysis. We propose estimation procedures for models with the marginal density of the series and factor dynamics parameterized by distinct subsets of parameters. Such a partitioning of the parameter vector found in many applications allows to simplify considerably statistical inference. We develop a two- stage Maximum Likelihood method, called the Finite Memory Maximum Likelihood, which is easy to implement in the presence of multiple factors. We also discuss simulation based estimation, testing, prediction and filtering.
Generalized integrated telegraph processes and the distribution of related stopping times

Let {X(t), V(t), t ≥ 0} be a telegraph process, with V(0+) = 1. The distribution of X(t) is derived for the general case of an alternating renewal process, describing the length of time a particle is moving to the right or to the left. The distributions of the first-crossing times of given levels a and −a are studied for M/G and for G/M processes.
Sensorless control for the brushless DC motor: an unscented Kalman filter algorithm

In this paper, a new mathematical model is built according to the characteristics of the brushless DC (BLDC) motor and a new filtering algorithm is proposed for the sensorless BLDC motor based on the unscented Kalman filter (UKF). The proposed UKF algorithm is employed to estimate the speed and rotor position of the BLDC motor only using the measurements of terminal voltages and three-phase currents. In order to observe the drive performance, two simulation examples are given and the feasibility and effectiveness of the UKF algorithm are verified through the simulation results, and the accurate estimate performance is shown in simulation figures.
A lower bound on the probability of decoding error over a BSC channel

For a code C of length n and size |C, we estimate the error probability of the maximum likelihood decoding. In this paper we address this problem for the binary symmetric channel (BSC) defined by its transition probability p. We discuss the case when we know the distance distribution of the code. We also assume that the code is regular in the sense that the distribution of the distances from a codeword to other codewords does not depend on the choice of the initial codeword.
In silico analyses of diversity and dissemination of antimicrobial resistance genes and mobile genetics elements, for plasmids of enteric pathogens

Introduction The antimicrobial resistance (AMR) mobilome plays a key role in the dissemination of resistance genes encoded by mobile genetics elements (MGEs) including plasmids, transposons (Tns), and insertion sequences (ISs). These MGEs contribute to the dissemination of multidrug resistance (MDR) in enteric bacterial pathogens which have been considered as a global public health risk. Methods To further understand the diversity and distribution of AMR genes and MGEs across different plasmid types, we utilized multiple sequence-based computational approaches to evaluate AMR-associated plasmid genetics. A collection of 1,309 complete plasmid sequences from Gammaproteobacterial species, including 100 plasmids from each of the following 14 incompatibility (Inc) types: A/C, BO, FIA, FIB, FIC, FIIA, HI1, HI2, I1, K, M, N, P except W, where only 9 sequences were available, was extracted from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) GenBank database using BLAST tools. The extracted FASTA files were analyzed using the AMRFinderPlus web-based tools to detect antimicrobial, disinfectant, biocide, and heavy metal resistance genes and ISFinder to identify IS/Tn MGEs within the plasmid sequences. Results and Discussion In silico prediction based on plasmid replicon types showed that the resistance genes were diverse among plasmids, yet multiple genes were widely distributed across the plasmids from enteric bacterial species. These findings provide insights into the diversity of resistance genes and that MGEs mediate potential transmission of these genes across multiple plasmid replicon types. This notion was supported by the observation that many IS/Tn MGEs and resistance genes known to be associated with them were common across multiple different plasmid types. Our results provide critical insights about how the diverse population of resistance genes that are carried by the different plasmid types can allow for the dissemination of AMR across enteric bacteria. The results also highlight the value of computational-based approaches and in silico analyses for the assessment of AMR and MGEs, which are important elements of molecular epidemiology and public health outcomes.
Finite-Dimensional Dynamics in Taylor-Couette Flow

A review is presented of recent work on the effects of finite cylinder length in Taylor-Couette flow. The central aim is to focus attention on features of this classical problem which have proved to be essential to the understanding of some recently discovered finite-dimensional dynamics. New results of an experimental study of one such phenomenon are then discussed in relation to a specific algebraic model
The double-edged sword of online access to work tools outside work: The relationship with flexible working, work interrupting nonwork behaviors and job satisfaction

Introduction Information and communication technologies (ICTs) provide employees with online access to work tools outside work (OAWT), which can be seen as a double-edged sword fostering positive as well as negative aspects of flexibility. In our study, we investigated how OAWT relates to different forms of flexible working, work interrupting nonwork behaviors and job satisfaction. Method We used a randomized sample of 758 Austrian employees from a broad range of organizations and tested the hypotheses by means of structural equation modeling. Results Our findings revealed that OAWT is associated with available flexibility which relates positively to job satisfaction. However, at the same time, it is associated with required flexibility which relates negatively to job satisfaction and positively to work interrupting nonwork behaviors. OAWT has also been found to strengthen the positive relationship between required temporal flexibility and work interrupting nonwork behaviors, and attenuated the negative relationship between required temporal flexibility and job satisfaction. Implications We discuss the practical implications and develop recommendations on how organizations should deal with OAWT.