Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CFTR modulator response measurements in subjects with cystic fibrosis using 2D differentiated nasal epithelia converted into spheroids

Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is caused by genetic defects that impair the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) channel in airway epithelial cells. These defects may be overcome by specific CFTR modulating drugs, for which the efficacy can be determined in a personalized manner using 3D nasal-brushing-derived airway spheroids in a forskolin-induced swelling (FIS) assay. Despite of this, previously described culture methods and application of 3D airway spheroids in CFTR function assays have not been fully optimal. In this report we describe an alternative method of culturing nasal airway spheroids, which are derived from an equally differentiated airway epithelial monolayer of a 2D air-liquid interface culture. Optimized spheroid culture conditions, enabled consistent detection of CFTR modulator responses in nasal spheroids from subjects with CF, including the highly effective CFTR triple modulator combination therapy VX-661/VX-445/VX-770.
How Sequence Context-Dependent Mutability Drives Mutation Rate Variation in the Genome

The rate of mutations varies >100-fold across the genome, altering the rate of evolution, and susceptibility to genetic diseases. The strongest predictor of mutation rate is the sequence itself, varying 75-fold between trinucleotides. The fact that DNA sequence drives its own mutation rate raises a simple but important prediction; highly mutable sequences will mutate more frequently and eliminate themselves in favour of sequences with lower mutability, leading to a lower equilibrium mutation rate. However, purifying selection constrains changes in mutable sequences, causing higher rates of mutation. We conduct a simulation using real human mutation data to test if (1) DNA evolves to a low equilibrium mutation rate and (2) purifying selection causes a higher equilibrium mutation rate in the genome’s most important regions. We explore how this simple process affects sequence evolution in the genome, and discuss the implications for modelling evolution and susceptibility to DNA damage.
Mutations in coral soma and sperm imply lifelong stem cell renewal and cell lineage selection

In many animals, the germline differentiates early in embryogenesis, so only mutations that accumulate in germ cells are inherited by offspring1. Exceptions to this developmental process may indicate that other mechanisms have evolved to limit the effects of deleterious mutation accumulation2. Stony corals are animals that can live for hundreds of years3 and have long been thought to produce gametes from somatic tissue4. To clarify conflicting evidence about germline-soma distinction in corals, we sequenced high coverage, full genomes with technical replicates for parent coral branches and their sperm pools. We identified post-embryonic single nucleotide variants (SNVs) unique to each parent branch, then checked if each SNV was shared by the respective sperm pool: 26% of post-embryonic SNVs were shared by the sperm but 74% were not. We also identified germline SNVs, those that were present in the sperm but not in the parent. These data suggest that self-renewing stem cells in corals differentiate into germ and soma throughout the adult life of the colony, with SNV rates and patterns differing markedly in stem, soma, and germ lineages. In addition to informing the important place in the evolutionary spectrum from non-Weismannian to Weismmanian animals that corals occupy, these insights inform how corals may generate adaptive diversity necessary in the face of global climate change.
Mechanism of tissue expansion in the early stage of the migration

The collective cell migration is observed in many biological processes such as wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. Despite extensive theoretical and experimental studies on collective cell motion, there is no unified mechanism to explain it. In this work, we experimentally report the collectively growing cell colonies in the sub-marginal region of a freely expanding cell monolayer. These colonies could be responsible for the highly aligned collective cell migration observed in front cell rows. Our results provide a basic framework to understand the physical mechanism responsible for collective cell migration in the freely expanding monolayer.
Dual projecting cells linking thalamic and cortical communication routes between the medial prefrontal cortex and hippocampus

The interactions between the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and the hippocampus (HC) are critical for memory and decision making and have been specifically implicated in several neurological disorders including schizophrenia, epilepsy, frontotemporal dementia, and Alzheimer’s disease. The ventral midline thalamus (vmThal), and lateral entorhinal cortex and perirhinal cortex (LEC/PER) constitute major communication pathways that facilitate mPFC-HC interactions in memory. Although vmThal and LEC/PER circuits have been delineated separately we sought to determine whether these two regions share cell-specific inputs that could influence both routes simultaneously. To do this we used a dual fluorescent retrograde tracing approach using cholera toxin subunit-B (CTB-488 and CTB-594) with injections targeting vmThal and the LEC/PER in rats. Retrograde cell body labeling was examined in key regions of interest within the mPFC-HC system including: (1) mPFC, specifically anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), dorsal and ventral prelimbic cortex (dPL, vPL), and infralimbic cortex (IL); (2) medial and lateral septum (MS, LS); (3) subiculum (Sub) along the dorsal-ventral and proximal-distal axes; and (4) LEC and medial entorhinal cortex (MEC). Results showed that dual vmThal-LEC/PER-projecting cell populations are found in MS, vSub, and the shallow layers II/III of LEC and MEC. We did not find any dual projecting cells in mPFC or in the cornu ammonis (CA) subfields of the HC. Thus, mPFC and HC activity is sent to vmThal and LEC/PER via non-overlapping projection cell populations. Importantly, the dual projecting cell populations in MS, vSub, and EC are in a unique position to simultaneously influence both cortical and thalamic mPFC-HC pathways critical to memory. Significance Statement The interactions between mPFC and HC are critical for learning and memory, and dysfunction within this circuit is implicated in various neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases. mPFC-HC interactions are mediated through multiple communication pathways including a thalamic hub through the vmThal and a cortical hub through lateral entorhinal cortex and perirhinal cortex. Our data highlight newly identified dual projecting cell populations in the septum, Sub, and EC of the rat brain. These dual projecting cells may have the ability to modify the information flow within the mPFC-HC circuit through synchronous activity, and thus offer new cell-specific circuit targets for basic and translational studies in memory.
Configurational Entropy Relaxation of Silica Glass—Molecular Dynamics Simulations

Vitreous silica was modelled using molecular dynamics (MD). The glass structure was transferred into an undirected graph and decomposed into disjoint structural units that were ideally mixed to calculate the configurational entropy. The Debye relaxation model was suggested to simulate the evolution of entropy during the cooling of the system. It was found that the relaxation of the configurational entropy of MD corresponds to the effective cooling rate of 6.3 × 106 Ks−1 and its extrapolation to 0.33 Ks−1 mimics the glass transition with Tg; close to the experimental value. Debye relaxation correctly describes the observed MD evolution of configurational entropy and explains the existence of freezing-in temperature and the shape of the curve in the transition region.
Stabilization and Synchronization of a Complex Hidden Attractor Chaotic System by Backstepping Technique

In this paper, the stabilization and synchronization of a complex hidden chaotic attractor is shown. This article begins with the dynamic analysis of a complex Lorenz chaotic system considering the vector field properties of the analyzed system in the Cn domain. Then, considering first the original domain of attraction of the complex Lorenz chaotic system in the equilibrium point, by using the required set topology of this domain of attraction, one hidden chaotic attractor is found by finding the intersection of two sets in which two of the parameters, r and b, can be varied in order to find hidden chaotic attractors. Then, a backstepping controller is derived by selecting extra state variables and establishing the required Lyapunov functionals in a recursive methodology. For the control synchronization law, a similar procedure is implemented, but this time, taking into consideration the error variable which comprise the difference of the response system and drive system, to synchronize the response system with the original drive system which is the original complex Lorenz system.
Tsallis q-Stat and the Evidence of Long-Range Interactions in Soil Temperature Dynamics

The complexities in the variations of soil temperature and thermal diffusion poses a physical problem that requires more understanding. The quest for a better understanding of the complexities of soil temperature variation has prompted the study of the q-statistics in the soil temperature variation with the view of understanding the underlying dynamics of the temperature variation and thermal diffusivity of the soil. In this work, the values of Tsallis stationary state q index known as q-stat were computed from soil temperature measured at different stations in Nigeria. The intrinsic variations of the soil temperature were derived from the soil temperature time series by detrending method to extract the influences of other types of variations from the atmosphere. The detrended soil temperature data sets were further analysed to fit the q-Gaussian model. Our results show that our datasets fit into the Tsallis Gaussian distributions with lower values of q-stat during rainy season and around the wet soil regions of Nigeria and the values of q-stat obtained for monthly data sets were mostly in the range 1.2≤q≤2.9 for all stations, with very few values q closer to 1.2 for a few stations in the wet season. The distributions obtained from the detrended soil temperature data were mostly found to belong to the class of asymmetric q-Gaussians. The ability of the soil temperature data sets to fit into q-Gaussians might be due and the non-extensive statistical nature of the system and (or) consequently due to the presence of superstatistics. The possible mechanisms responsible this behaviour was further discussed.
Improving Individually Selectness for Immune Cells using GradCAM

This paper focuses on the analysis of behavior of immune cells for supporting diagnosis. The previous work has proposed to detect immune cells from medical images by recognition frequency space. However, the work has a problem that selects a region including multiple cells as a single cell. This paper aims to relax the problem by focusing the locality of cell shapes. Our proposal uses gradient-weighted class activation mapping (GradCAM) to capture locality characteristics of immune cells. The results shows that the densely inhabited immune cells are correctly selected. Our proposal has some issues that a cell is occasionally detected as multiple ones. We consider that this issue is can be solved by image processing techniques such as non-maximum suppression.
Infrared spectra in the Ag2O-CO2-Ag2CO3 system

The infrared spectrum of silver oxide, Ag2O, has been clarified by comparison with that of silver carbonate. In the region 4000-400 cm-l the spectrum consists of one broad band centred around 530 cm-l, other bands being accounted for in terms of normal, basic, and complex carbonates and surface hydroxyl groups, which are frequently present as contaminants. Conditions for the preparation, storage, and purification of silver oxide to minimize carbonate contamination are defined.
Effect of internal control systems on revenue generation of Osun internal revenue services

The study examined the effect of internal control systems on revenue generation. The main thrust of the study was to determine the effect of internal control systems on the revenue generation of Osun Internal revenue service (OIRS). The study made use of both primary and secondary data. The primary data was gotten through the administration of closed-end questionnaire administered on 123 sampled staff of OIRS out of which 117 returned and the secondary data via journals and related textbooks. The data collected was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with the aid of statistical packages for social science (SPSS). Frequency and percentage were used to answer the bio-data of respondents, Pearson correlation used to examine the relationship between the predator variables and the outcome variables. Multiple regression analysis was used to test the hypothesis at 0.05 level of significance. The result showed that the control environment exerted a positive and significant effect on revenue generation at OIRS to the tune of 0.542 (p=0.001<0.005). Other components of internal control systems were significant (control activities at 1.406, risk assessment at 2.041, information and communication at 2.709 and monitoring and evaluation at 1.551) where P=0.000<0.05. The study concluded that any increase in the control environment will lead to a corresponding increase in revenue generation. The study recommended that the management of the organization should constantly monitor and improve its system of internal control to adopt it with the changing business environments. Future works in the similar body in other states in Nigeria and other countries for comparisonand policy formations.
Best Practices to Prevent or Delay Diabetes in Adults with Prediabetes

Diabetes mellitus is a common disease prevalent in 10.5% of the US population about 34.2 million people and a disproportionate percentage of people of color. An EBP project for people with prediabetes was conducted in a faith-based based setting after institutional review board approval. The purpose of the project was to increase fruits and vegetable intake and increase physical activity in adults with prediabetes. The Chronic Care Model was used to guide the design and implementation of the project. The project was a modified version of the National Diabetes Prevention Program (NDPP) in a series of four 2-hour sessions at the Mosque focused on healthy eating and increase in physical activities. The project included (a) extensive review of the literature, (b) assessing the risk of prediabetes, (c) collecting baseline data including weight, average daily servings of fruits and vegetable and average daily number of physical activities, (d) conducting diabetes education sessions at the Mosque and collecting data six weeks post implementation. All educational sessions were conducted in the native language of the participants Mandinka. The results of the study showed the mean daily servings of vegetable consumption increased from baseline to six weeks on average by 2.42 servings (p = 0.0001), The mean daily servings of fruit consumption increased by1.1 serving (p = 0.0055) and physical activity increased on average by 18.33 minutes (p = 0.0377). This study demonstrated that implementing a diabetes prevention program in a faith-based setting is feasible with improved behavioral health outcomes.
GREEN SYNTHESIS OF IRON OXIDE NANOPARTICLES FROM LEAF EXTRACT OF PASSIFLORA FOETIDA AND ITS ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY

Objective: by of Passiflora foetida Methods: using phyto Vis spectrophotometry and the average particle size was determined by X Morphology of the synthesized Fe (SEM). Further characterization of Fe activity of Fe Results: identified as spherical and particle size ranges from 10 to 16 nm in diameter with an average size of 20 nm analyzed from XRD. Fe (streptomycin to be non Conclusion: was considered to
A systematic review of randomized controlled trials assessing phytochemicals and natural ingredients for skin and hair care

Cosmetics are marketed and used worldwide for various purposes. Several natural products are used for the development of cosmetic preparations. This paper systematically reviews randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating plant extracts, herbal preparations, and isolated plant-derived compounds used particularly for skin and hair care. Two independent electronic searches were conducted through PubMed and EMBASE to identify eligible RCTs. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement was followed. Data extraction was performed independently by four authors based on standardized extraction forms. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration’s tool for assessing the risk of bias in randomized trials. Sixty-three RCTs were identified; 53 were using natural products for skin care and 10 for hair care. The results were summarized in tables including the population, type of intervention, comparisons with placebo or other natural products, outcomes reported, follow-up period (P: Patient, Population; I: Intervention; C: Comparison (or Control); O: Outcome; T: Time), and country in which the study was conducted. Ten plants were identified to be present in different locations in Jordan by referring to the Royal Botanic Gardens’ publication, titled “The Plants of Jordan: An Annotated Checklist. ” Some plants were found to have promising findings requiring further investigations in bigger RCTs with robust design and adequate reporting.
Pumping Contribution to Dissolved Oxygen in Virgin Olive Oil During Processing

The overall quality of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) strictly relates to the evolution of its oxidative state, which in turn depends on the amount of the oxygen availability during the product life, starting with the olive fruit milling. The issue of oil oxygenation during processing has been poorly studied. The few available literature assesses the relative contribution of three main processing steps (paste malaxation, decanter centrifugation, and vertical centrifugation) to the final dissolved oxygen concentration and the consequences on the oil quality decay during storage. Nevertheless, until now information about the contribution of the devices used to moves materials during processing, i.e. screw conveyor and pumps to move olive, olive paste and oil, to the amount of dissolved oxygen and in broader terms on the oil quality, are lacking. It can be reasonably assumed that the intact drupes handling during leaf-removal and washing before crushing, had a negligible effect on the final oil dissolved oxygen content, whereas from crusher to the decanter centrifuge by the malaxer, where olive paste handling occurs, a noticeable effect on the future oil characteristics could occur. The standard and widespread device used to move olive paste during processing, essentially from the crusher to the malaxer and from the malaxer to the decanter centrifuge, is the progressive cavity pump, commonly named mono-pump. Notices of other pumping devices used or proved in EVOO mills are missing. In the present work a peristaltic pump (roller pump) has been tested in comparison to the conventional mono-pump in a continuous centrifugal extraction plant. Specifically, the two pumps were alternatively used to feed the decanter centrifuge by empting the malaxation chambers. The oxygenation effect was assessed in terms of dissolved oxygen amount (DOA) in the produced EVOO, which were also compared for the main qualitative traits such as commercial parameters, phenolic and volatile profiles and phthalates occurrence being the peristaltic pump equipped with a phthalates-free tube. Basically, the qualitative effect of the two pumps significantly differs for the DOA with about 10% saving for the peristaltic pump. The latter also gives significantly (p
Minority Status, Cumulative Disadvantage, and Health Consequences

Racial and ethnic disparities in the healthy lifestyles and accessibility to quality health care are long standing social issues within the United States. However, in recent years the U.S. has focused on modifying the health care system in an attempt to close this gap. In this context, this paper will examine some of the critical factors that contribute to these racially related health disparities. Pinpointing the sources of these inequalities is essential if meaningful reforms in health care are to be achieved.
Irrigation infrastructure and rural development: a study in Karbi Anglong autonomous council area of Assam

Rural infrastructure plays a pivotal role in socio-economic status of rural population. Irrigation infrastructure has paramount importance in improving agricultural productivity, cropping pattern and crop diversity which results in wellbeing of rural community. This paper makes an analysis about the status of irrigation infrastructure and its impact on agricultural activities in the rural areas administered by Karbi Anglong Autonomous Council. The study has used both primary data and secondary data for a period of five years from 2013-14 to 2017-18. The paper finds no significant impacts of existing irrigation plants on income and agricultural activities of rural population. It also finds that maintenance of irrigation plants is not enough and strong. There is lack of good maintenance system of existing irrigation system.
Interactions Between Adenosine Receptors and Cordycepin (3'- Deoxyadenosine) from Cordyceps Militaris: Possible Pharmacological Mechanisms for Protection of the Brain and the Amelioration of Covid-19 Pneumonia

At present, the novel Covid-19 pneumonia is prevalent, affecting millions of people. Here, we summarized the pharmacological basis of adenosine, adenosine receptors, adenosine agonist cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine), and Cordyceps product in the brain protection and amelioration of pneumonia to provide useful information to cope with the global pandemic of novel coronavirus (COVID-19). Adenosine, a mediator of innate immunity, is abundantly secreted by the injured lung tissues during inflammation. Through the activation of adenosine receptors A1, A2A, A2B and A3, adenosine plays an important role in protecting against acute lung injury and brain injury. Cordycepin (3-deoxyadenosine) is an activator of adenosine receptors. It can enhance human immunity, promote anti-inflammatory processes, inhibit RNA virus reproduction, protect against brain, lung, liver, heart, and kidney damage, and ameliorate lung-fibrosis in clinical and animal models. Cordyceps and cordycepin products could be used as a potential medicinal adenosine receptor agonist that can play a beneficial role in the amelioration of Covid-19 pneumonia and protection of brain.
Understanding Dynamics in Binary Mixtures of Entangled cis-1,4-Polybutadiene Melts at the Level of Primitive Path Segments by Mapping Atomistic Simulation Data onto the Tube Model

We study dynamics in bidisperse melts of linear cis-1,4-polybutadiene composed of probe and matrix chains at the level of the segment survival probability function ψ(s,t) which is computed directly in the course of long atomistic molecular dynamics simulations [Stephanou et al. J. Chem. Phys. 2010, 132, 124904]. By controlling precisely the matrix chain length and composition, the effect of contour length fluctuations (CLFs) and constraint release (CR) on melt dynamics is quantified. Our study shows that (a) the values of the static topological properties of the probe chains (e.g., the average value of their primitive path (PP) contour length and its fluctuation) remain unaltered in the different matrices, but (b) their dynamical properties (including ψ(s,t) and its average over all segments s, Ψ(t), the time autocorrelation function of the PP contour length, and the time autocorrelation function of the chain end-to-end vector) vary significantly from matrix to matrix. As the length of the matrix chains d.