Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dimensioning Tools of MEA Actuator Systems, Including Modeling, Analysis and Technology Comparison

Aircraft design is an example of complex engineering where dimensioning tools can be valuable for the designers and decision makers in the early stage of the development process. These tools can be in form of a database over key numbers for different components or technologies. One of the critical parts of an aircraft is the actuator system. Conventional hydraulic actuators are demanding regarding maintenance which implies high operation costs. Therefore in recent years the focus has been set on electro-hydrostatic and electro-mechanical actuators. The aim of this work is to build a platform which can make it easier for designers and decision makers to analyze, compare and optimize different technologies regarding the actuator system. For this reason a simplified quasi-static actuator model, including reactive power consumption has been developed. This model makes it possible to reduce the complexity of the actuator models to such extent that the resulting computional tool can be used for studies of the system performance during entire flight missions and/or for optimization. Power density, cost and weight of the actuator systems are some of the important key numbers for comparing purpose and as a platform for the dimensioning of the aircraft. The ambition is then to build up a database of different actuator solutions with the key technical parameters mentioned above, that can be used in modeling and dimensioning of an aircraft. In order to avoid time consuming finite element calculations when analyzing an electrical machine a reluctance network model can be used. The basic idea of the proposed network model is to divide the rotor and the stator into a grid of small reluctance elements and provide those that correspond to the permanent magnet and the air gap between the magnets with time varying reluctances. The suggested computationally approach constitute a fast way to evaluate permanent magnet electrical machines with the respect to their performance. A preferred electrical machine provided with balance teeth and concentrated windings showed good electromechanical and thermal behavior. A balance tooth is a tooth without winding between each adjacent phases that has a cooling effect on the nearest windings, resulting in less copper losses. The balance teeth increases the voltage-time area, leading to higher induced voltage and higher torque production. Another advantage of the chosen design is its redundancy and fault tolerance capabilities. The machine comprises two independent half machines that also offers a high level of redundancy with two separate power channels.
An Assessment of Post-Project Reviews

A detailed analysis of post-project reviews was conducted to assess whether such reviews should be conducted, and, if so, how they should be conducted. It was found that post-project reviews are effective in disseminating knowledge about good practices, correcting errors in individuals’ knowledge (especially their knowledge about other functions within the organization), and predicting how well alternative practices would have turned out. At the same time these reviews demonstrated several limitations. The diagnosis that took place in reviews tended to be shallow, remedies were planned only at a very superficial level, and explanations of events tended to be overly specific. Participants also made potentially misleading assumptions: for example, that unimportant problems implied unimportant causes. Nonetheless, post-project reviews are important learning mechanisms and their value seems to be underestimated by individuals who do not appreciate the need to disseminate insights throughout the organization.
DEVELOPING GLOBAL AND VIRTUAL COLLABORATION COMPETENCE IN UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS COURSES: EXPERIENCES FROM AN INDIAN-SPANISH-SWISS CASE

Global and virtual collaborations that transcend time and cultural boundaries are more and more prevalent in the business world today (Connaughton and Shuffler 2007). Working in global and virtual collaboration means to manage complex group dynamics due to cultural heterogeneity regarding different national and organizational belongings, aspects of geographical distance and computer mediated communication. Preparing undergraduate students to master the complexity of collaboration in such environments poses specific methodological and didactical challenges. In this contribution an experiential didactical concept for developing and assessing competences for successful global and virtual collaboration will be presented. The concept is based on a review of literature on intercultural and computer mediated communication competences as well as on field experiments regarding global and virtual team dynamics. Based on the experience and a first evaluation of three collaborative student courses with teams consisting Indo-Spain and Indo-Swiss students the concepts and implications for the teaching of global and virtual collaboration competences will be presented. Students from the Indian and from the Swiss or Spanish side had to extract divergent information regarding the cultural context in order to creatively integrate these different perspectives into one marketing concept which could be implemented in both countries. The mentioned team task addresses the most critical challenges of global and virtual team collaborations and should enable an experiential learning process by allowing a reflection of unexpected incidents evoked by the challenges. On the level of the secondary task reflexive and metacognitive capabilities should be developed that allow the students to adapt to the particular challenges of global and virtual collaborations. By analysing the self-reflective assessment of unexpected events a first concept for a processoriented assessment method of global and virtual collaboration competence could be developed. The validated course concept of combining realistic hands-on-experience with data collection and reflection can be used for further development of the concept of global and virtual collaboration competences in undergraduate student courses. Additionally the reflected experiences regarding the courses will be presented in form of guidelines for teaching such courses.
Joint Base Station Variant 1 MOS-Workload-Skill Requirements Analysis.

Abstract : The U.S. Army Special Operations Command is developing a replacement communications base station known as the Joint Base Station Variant 1 (JBS V1). The JBS (V1) incorporates an automation subsystem not found in predecessor systems. The introduction of the automation subsystem raised concerns about its impact on the military occupational specialty (MOS) and quantity of base station operators. Task analysis and modeling using the Improved Performance Research Integration Tool (IMPRINT) were conducted to assess skill requirements, workload, and mission performance to assist in determining the appropriate quantity and MOS of JBS (V1) operators. The outcome of the analysis predicts that one Special Forces Communications Sergeant MOS 18E, one Record Telecommunications Operator MOS 74C, and one Information Systems Operator Analyst MOS 74B are an appropriate skill mix to successfully operate the JBS (V1) during a 12 hour shift. With the implementation of this crew complement plus one 18E supervisor, it would be possible for the Base Station Section of the Special Forces Battalion Signal Detachment to be reduced from the current total number of eight to seven personnel.
Health Risk Assessment for the BNSF Railway Richmond Railyard

A health risk assessment was conducted for the BNSF Railway Richmond Railyard in Richmond, California. The study estimated the 2005 base-year diesel particulate matter (PM) emissions generated from the railyard and off-site emission sources within a one-mile boundary. In 2005, the combined diesel PM emissions from on-site and off-site sources were estimated at about 25 tons per year. The BNSF Richmond Railyard diesel PM emissions are estimated at about 4.6 tons per year, accounting for about 20 percent of the total combined on-site and off-site diesel PM emissions. An air dispersion model for the railyard is presented. Potential cancer and non-cancer risks associated with exposure to toxic air contaminants, especially diesel PM emissions from the sources within and surrounding the railyard, are described. Uncertainties with respect to the components of health risk assessment are discussed.
The Descent of Ant

The gliding ant Cephalotes atratus was the first describedexample of an animal capable of sophisticated aerodynamic control in the absenceof obvious morphological adaptations for aerial behavior. In this thesis Ipresent a series of studies aimed at quantitatively describing the aerodynamicsof stability and control in C. atratus , using a combination offield studies and modeling experiments. In Chapter 1, I present a quantitative analysis of the 3-D trajectories followedby gliding C. atratus ants, measured using multiple-cameraphotogrammetric techniques in a natural rainforest environment. Thesetrajectories represent the first attempt to measure gliding trajectories in anatural environment for any animal, and provide a data-driven view of variationin aerodynamic characteristics and trajectory shape across multiple C.atratus individuals. The 3-D analysis conducted in Chapter 1 showsthat C. atratus reach equilibrium glide speed (m=4.12,s=0.59) within 1s of dropping from the canopy. Lift-to-drag ratios duringequilibrium gliding were higher for ants dropped further from a target treetrunk, but for a given horizontal distance between drop point and target treetrunk, lift-to-drag ratios were not observed to vary significantly with size.In Chapter 2, I present a kinematic analysis of the use of posture by gliding C.atratus ants . By dropping C. atratus workers into a verticalwind tunnel and analysing their behaviors using multiple cameras and postureestimation techniques, I show that gliding C. atratus antsimmediately adopt a parachuting pose with the legs elevated above the body axiswhen dropped. Changes in gaster flexion angle as well as the fore-aft angles ofthe mid- and hind-legs were observed in all analysed bouts of gliding, butstatistical attempts to find correlations between static postures and bodykinematics were ultimately unsuccessful due to the rapidity with which ants inthe wind tunnel changed posture.In Chapter 3, I present a quantitative description of stability and control ingliding ants, using dynamically scaled physical models to show how the posturalchanges discovered in Chapter 2 result in changes in the aerodynamic forcesexperienced by the ant as well as its stable body orientation. I show that thestandard gliding posture adopted by a falling C. atratus ant isaerodynamically stable in both pitch and roll, and that subtle changes inposture and the location of the center of mass result in significant changes inthe magnitude and direction of the aerodynamic force experienced by the ant.The postures associated with pitching and turning maneuvers, moreover, are alsoaerodynamically stable, which means that gliding C. atratus ants do not jeopardize their stability while conducting aerial maneuvers.Finally, by testing the aerodynamic performance of a flat, splayed-out posturefor C. atratus , as well as a modified C. atratus withshortened legs, I show that the elevated-legs posture adopted by C.atratus is fundamental to its stability, and that leg length is a keypredictor of aerodynamic stability and control.
Acquisition for the 21st Century: The F-22 Development Program

Abstract : The Department of Defense has recently charted a new course to further improve the way in which it provides weapon systems for the war fighter. This path has seen a fundamental change in how members of the Government/industry acquisition team work together to develop America's arsenal for defense. These changes center around the use of Integrated Process and Product Development concepts and the use of empowered, multifunctional teams, called Integrated Product Teams. Integrated Product Teams have been used successfully in industry for a number of years. One particularly successful example has been the use of Integrated Product Teams on the Boeing 777 program. Now several programs in the Defense Department are operating under these concepts. The earliest, and the leader in these concepts, is the Air Force F-22 Advanced Tactical Fighter development program. In this book, Lieutenant Colonel Michael D. Williams, USAF, first describes the principles and the concepts of the F-22 program.
Developing a framework and a scorecard method to measure the enterprise–wide SOA implementation readiness of an organisation

Enterprise-wide Service Oriented Architecture (ESOA) is an architectural paradigm for developing agile Enterprise-Wide Information Systems (EWIS) from looselycoupled and independent services. While vendors are vigorously promoting this technology to practitioners, the implementation of ESOA across an entire enterprise is not well understood by researchers because ESOA implementation at the enterprise-level is full of challenges that require the enterprise to be ready for this paradigm. Published literature has lacked an appropriate method for determining the readiness of an organisation for ESOA implementation. This thesis aims to develop a method to determine ESOA implementation readiness in an organisation based on a Critical Success Factors Framework and a scorecard method, which could be used to evaluate an organisation’s readiness in the implementation of ESOA across the entire organisation. The development and validation of the CSF Framework were conducted in three phases. Phase 1 involved the development and validation of the CSF Framework by two expert groups in two public sector organisations in Malaysia. Phase 2 involved the development of the scorecard method, and the application of the validated CSF Framework in conjunction with the scorecard to evaluate an organisation’s readiness in ESOA implementation across the entire organisation. Phase 3 involved the validation of the scorecard method to determine its content accuracy and usefulness for an organisation. The results from the validation of the CSF Framework (Phase 1) suggest that the CSF Framework is comprehensive and provides insights about why each factor is critical for ESOA implementation at the enterprise level. Critical reflection on the scorecard evaluation of the test case organisation in Malaysia (Phase 2) has revealed several issues related to both the strengths and weaknesses of the organisation during ESOA implementation. These issues are useful lessons for other enterprises. Finally, the results of the validation of the scorecard method (Phase 3) suggest that the scorecard method, which incorporates the validated CSF Framework, is accurate and useful in determining an organisation’s readiness for ESOA implementation at the enterprise level.
Discussion of Considerations for Selecting or Developing an Observational System.

Observation is a skill as old as man himself, yet it was not until the psychometric age of the twentieth century that man began to utilize this skill scientifically and systematically to observe phenomena about interpersonal and/or person-environment interactions. Recent research has indicated that investigations which include process variables are more powerful when predict ing certain outcomes (e.g., student achievement) than are investigations con cerned solely with pressage-product type variables (Simon, 1967). This means to analyze relationships between people or between a person and his environ ment is one of the most important skills of the contemporary behavioral scien tist. More than 200 observational schemas have been devised to examine many different aspects of interpersonal interactions (Simon and Boyer, 1967, 1970; Boyer, Simon and Karafin, in press), and it is the intent of this paper to categorize, review and provide illustrative references^ for the considerations necessary when selecting or developing an observation system.
Managing Organization of Chanel S.A.

Chanel S.A. is an independent and unlisted company. If there are plural shareholders they always interfere in the business and it becomes difficult for the company to foster the business with a long-term vision. Furthermore, there are many cases in which the company loses its originality, brand identity, and corporate identity and becomes stalled. Chanel S.A. can avoid this situation because it is an independent and unlisted company and the funds available to the owner are sufficient. It is often the case that the strength of the Chanel brand is due to the progressive approach to creativity by the founder Coco Chanel and the talent of the designer Karl Lagerfeld and they are often focused on. However, the authors consider that its form as an independent and unlisted company should be more emphasized as a strength of Chanel.
A-Z of Cars of the 1920s

In the Vintage period, 1919-30, a staggering total of 380 firms in Britain launched new cars and all those makers are listed here. This book represents a unique reference work for vintage car enthusiasts. Some 600 cars are illustrated and described in alphabetical order, by manufacturer. There are comprehensive notes on each model's production dates and numbers, recognition features, variants, strengths and weaknesses.
Fiber-reinforced composite post removal using guided endodontics: a case report

Although several techniques have been proposed to remove fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) post, no safe and efficient technique has been established. Recently, a guided endodontics technique has been introduced in cases of pulp canal obliteration. This study describes 2 cases of FRC post removal from maxillary anterior teeth using this guided endodontics technique with a dental operating microscope. Optically scanned data set from plaster cast model was superimposed with the data set of cone-beam computed tomography. By implant planning software, the path of a guide drill was selected. Based on them, a customized stent was fabricated and utilized to remove the FRC post. Employing guided endodontics, the FRC post was removed quickly and safely with minimizing the loss of the remaining tooth structure. The guided endodontics was a useful option for FRC post removal.
Radial sap flux profiles and beyond: an easy software analysis tool.

Sap flow measurements are nowadays used worldwide to validate forest-ecosystem estimates of water use and storage. Tall trees with large radial variability in sap flux across their sapwood still present a challenge in scaling single point sap flux measurements to whole-tree sap flow. Assessment of the radial sap flux profile is, hence, necessary to make a precise scaling possible. A sensor useful for assessing the radial sap flux profile in trees is the heat field deformation (HFD) sensor. This sensor records changes in the heat field around a linear heater at different radial positions in the xylem and links the heat field deformation to sap flow. The technical construction of the HFD-sensor, however, requires the configuration of multiple channels on the data logger (usually 8 to 12 channels per sensor or 48 to 72 channels per one “cross section” of the tree trunk when using 6 sensors in one cross section). Logging each channel with a small scan rate (e.g. 5 min) quickly results in a massive amount of data. The task of analysing these large data sets can become difficult and cumbersome with spreadsheet programs and the large file sizes often prevent efficient data interpretation. The objective of this paper was therefore to develop a software tool for easy analysis of HFD-data sets, including very large ones. Its primary use is to visualise in a fast way the measured radial sap flux profile in both 2D and 3D. The computed results can be saved in a compact form, drastically reducing the resulting file size in comparison to the output generated using classical spreadsheet programs. But the features of the software tool go beyond the analysis of radial sap flux profiles. Due to easy determination, K-values inherent to the sap flux density calculations can now be used to derive stem specific properties (e.g. relative water content) or raw signals can be used to quantify the sap flow index.
Database of Observations of the Internal Waves in the World Ocean

Purpose . The purpose of the paper is to describe the permanently updated public database containing the information on observations of the internal waves, as well as the scientific sources on the corresponding themes. The observations are based on the data obtained by remote sensing and direct contact measurements in various areas of the World Ocean and in the inland basins (lakes, water reservoirs). Methods and Results . The data from 503 literature sources on the observations of internal waves are structured. The structure, format, volume and current content of the database are considered; the stored information is analyzed. Described is the process of adding and viewing the records using the IGWAtlas web application (the online project for working with the database of the observations of internal waves in the oceans and for public access to observations and sources that has an intuitive user interface). Geographical distribution of the recorded observations and their dependence on a season are illustrated. The examples of images of various types of records containing in the database, as well as their distribution according to the types of observations are given. The considered in the paper database is integrated into the IGWResearch software package intended for numerical simulation of propagation and transformation of the internal waves in the World Ocean. Conclusions . The database contains the materials for 1972–2018 on 2296 recorded manifestations of the internal waves, which correspond to 2465 images, namely device records, satellite images, graphs, maps and tables. The database scope includes geographic information systems, statistical analysis, knowledge bases and web-services for the tasks of the World Ocean research. Acknowledgment:
Ethnopharmacological survey of herbal remedies used in the treatment of hepatitis

Background : Hepatitis is a serious illness and can be fatal, which has caused a dangerous ratio round the globe especially in the developed and under-developing countries. About 1.4 million deaths are reported each year from the different types of hepatitis especially hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) which cause 90% mortality and the other 10% deaths are caused due to all other hepatitis types. Methods : By using different online database such as Google scholar, Science Direct Navigator, ISI Web of Knowledge, Elsevier, springer link, Test databases, research gate and PubMed, date were retrieved by giving different keywords. Various keywords were used on plants used traditionally to treat hepatitis. Results : A total of 128 medicinal plant species were identified, belonging to 108 genera and 61 botanical families by reviewing 220 research articles. From the study, it showed that the medicinal plants are used from the very ancient time to cure hepatitis worldwide. These medicinal plants are used in different parts of the world as a traditional herbal medicine for the control of hepatitis. Conclusion : Our literature review will help the scientific communities to identify anti-hepatitis plant in order to isolate novel anti-hepatitis natural products.
Estudio de Test-Driven Development en el proceso de desarrollo de software

Resumen Este trabajo presenta el proyecto sobre estudio de la utilización del desarrollo de software conocida como Test-Driven Development (TDD) en proyectos de software, exponiendo que TDD no es una metodología de pruebas. Se explica también las dificultades que se encuentran en la implementación de TDD dentro de los equipos de software y se desprende del mismo que es una metodología muy utilizada en proyectos con ciclos de vida ágiles. Se encontraron principalmente dificultades en cuanto a incrementos de costos y tiempos de desarrollos en algunos estudios, aunque los resultados que los mismos entregan no son concluyentes.