Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cycle-Retinex: Unpaired Low-Light Image Enhancement via Retinex-Inline CycleGAN

Low-light image enhancement aims to recover normal-light images from the images captured under dim environments. Most existing methods could just improve the light appearance globally whereas failing to handle other degradation such as dense noise, color offset and extremely low-light. Moreover, unsupervised methods proposed in recent years lack reliable physical model as the basis, thus universality is greatly limited. To address these problems, we propose a novel low-light image enhancement method via Retinex-inline cycle-consistent generative adversarial network named Cycle-Retinex, whose training is totally dependent on unpaired datasets. Specifically, we organically combine Retinex theory with CycleGAN, by which we decouple low-light image enhancement task into two sub-tasks, i.e. illumination map enhancement and reflectance map restoration. Retinex theory helps CycleGAN simplify low-light image enhancement problem and CycleGAN provides synthetic paired images to guide the training of Retinex decomposition network. We further introduce a self-augmented method to address the color distortion and noise problem, thus making the network learn to enhance low-light images adaptively. Extensive experiments show that the proposed method can achieve promising results.
Rapid solidified ductile Cu-Al-Mn ribbon and its elastocaloric potential

Cu-Al-Mn alloys display martensitic transformation over a wide range of temperatures. In addition to low cost, this alloy is known for its low transformation stress with reasonable latent heat favoring elastocaloric applications. However, the ductility of Cu-Al-Mn can be limited owing to ordering and intergranular fracture. Through rapid solidification by melt spinning, we show that Cu-Al-Mn ribbon can be made highly ductile (greater than 8% tensile strain in the as-spun state and 10% tensile strain after heat treatment). The ductility of the melt-spun ribbon is related to the suppression of L21 ordering that is characterized through magnetic property measurement. Heat treatment of the ribbon promotes bamboo grain formation, and the latent heat is increased to 6.4 J g−1. Under tensile conditions, we show that the ribbon exhibited about 4 °C temperature change (4.4 °C on heating and 4.2 °C on cooling from 6.3% strain).
Group Coloring and List Group Coloring Are

A graph G is A-� -choosable for an Abelian group A and an integer � ≤| A| if for each orientation of G, each edge-labeling ϕ : E(G) → A and each list-assignment L : V (G) → A � , there exists a vertex-coloring c : V (G) → A with c(v) ∈ L(v) for each vertex v and with c(v) − c(u) � ϕ(uv) for each oriented edge uv of G.W e prove a dichotomy result on the computational complexity of this problem. In particular, we show that the problem is Π P -complete if � ≥ 3 for any group A and it is polynomial-time solvable if � =1 , 2. This also settles the complexity of group coloring for all Abelian groups.
Narrowband mid-infrared thermal emitters based on the Fabry-Perot type of bound states in the continuum.

The development of narrow-band thermal emitters operating at mid-infrared (MIR) wavelengths is vital in numerous research fields. However, the previously reported results obtained with metallic metamaterials were not successful in achieving narrow bandwidths in the MIR region, which suggests low temporal coherence of the obtained thermal emissions. In this work, we demonstrate a new design strategy to realize this target by employing the bound state in the continuum (BIC) modes of the Fabry-Perot (FP) type. When a disk array of high-index dielectric supporting Mie resonances is separated from a highly reflective substrate by a low refractive index spacer layer with appropriate thickness, the destructive interference between the disk array and its mirror with respect to the substrate leads to the formation of FP-type BIC. Quasi-BIC resonances with ultra-high Q-factor (>103) are achievable by engineering the thickness of the buffer layer. This strategy is exemplified by an efficient thermal emitter operating at a wavelength of 4.587 µm with the on-resonance emissivity of near-unity and the full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) less than 5 nm even along with consideration of metal substrate dissipation. The new thermal radiation source proposed in this work offers ultra-narrow bandwidth and high temporal coherence along with the economic advantages required for practical applications, compared to those infrared sources made from III-V semiconductors.
Error probability analysis for ultra-massive MIMO system and near-optimal signal detection

In this paper, average bit error probability (ABEP) bound of optimal maximum likelihood (ML) detector is first derived for ultra massive (UM) multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) system with generalized amplitude phase modulation (APM), which is confirmed by simulation results. Furthermore, a minimum residual criterion (MRC) based low-complexity near-optimal ML detector is proposed for UM-MIMO system. Specifically, we first obtain an initial estimated signal by a conventional detector, i.e., matched filter (MF), or minimum mean square error (MMSE) and so on. Furthermore, MRC based error correction mechanism (ECM) is proposed to correct the erroneous symbol encountered in the initial result. Simulation results are shown that the performance of the proposed MRC-ECM based detector is capable of approaching theoretical ABEP of ML, despite only imposing a slightly higher complexity than that of the initial detector.
Interdependencies of the Neuronal, Immune and Tumor Microenvironment in Gliomas

Simple Summary Gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors. These cancers are universally fatal with limited treatment options. Glioma cells co-opt non-cancerous cells present in normal brain tissue. This manipulation results in a complex network of cell interactions. This interplay is further complicated by variations depending on specific mutations in glioma cells. In order to identify future treatments for gliomas, a better understanding of these interactions is needed. To address this, we review the literature to highlight these interactions and how they relate to different glioma mutations. Abstract Gliomas are the most common primary brain malignancy and are universally fatal. Despite significant breakthrough in understanding tumor biology, treatment breakthroughs have been limited. There is a growing appreciation that major limitations on effective treatment are related to the unique and highly complex glioma tumor microenvironment (TME). The TME consists of multiple different cell types, broadly categorized into tumoral, immune and non-tumoral, non-immune cells. Each group provides significant influence on the others, generating a pro-tumor dynamic with significant immunosuppression. In addition, glioma cells are highly heterogenous with various molecular distinctions on the cellular level. These variations, in turn, lead to their own unique influence on the TME. To develop future treatments, an understanding of this complex TME interplay is needed. To this end, we describe the TME in adult gliomas through interactions between its various components and through various glioma molecular phenotypes.
GLCM based SVM Classifier for Covid-19 Detection from Chest X-rays

The world faced a lamentable situation due to Covid-19. Rapid detection and isolation of suspected individuals can reduce the spread of this disease. Medical practitioners use chest X-ray as one of the methods for the detection of Covid-19. This paper develops a method to differentiate chest X-rays of Covid-19 infected patients from normal ones. Texture features from gray level co-occurrence matrix were extracted from the lung region of preprocessed chest X-ray and given to different classifiers for abnormality detection. The experimental results showed that texture features along with the conventional classifier support vector machine provided the best accuracy of 97% compared to other classifiers.
Effect of Symptom Duration on Injury Severity and Recovery in Patients With Achilles Tendinopathy

Background: Achilles tendinopathy is a common overuse condition. Distinguishing between early- and late-stage tendinopathy may have implications on treatment decisions and recovery expectations. Purpose: To compare the effects of time and baseline measures of tendon health on outcomes among patients with varying symptom durations after 16 weeks of comprehensive exercise treatment. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Participants (N = 127) were categorized into 4 groups based on the number of months since symptom onset: ≤3 months (n = 24); between >3 and ≤6 months (n = 25); between >6 and ≤12 months (n = 18); or >12 months (n = 60). All participants received 16 weeks of standardized exercise therapy and pain-guided activity modification. Outcomes representing symptoms, lower extremity function, tendon structure, mechanical properties, psychological factors, and patient-related factors were assessed at baseline and at 8 and 16 weeks after the initiation of exercise therapy. Chi-square tests and 1-way analysis of variance were used to compare baseline measures between groups.Time, group, and interaction effects were evaluated using linear mixed models. Results: The mean age of the participants was 47.8 ± 12.6 years, 62 participants were women, and symptoms ranged from 2 weeks to 274 months. No significant differences were found among symptom duration groups at baseline for any measure of tendon health. At 16 weeks, all groups demonstrated improvements in symptoms, psychological factors, lower extremity function, and tendon structure, with no significant differences among the groups (P > .05) Conclusion: Symptom duration did not influence baseline measures of tendon health. Additionally, no differences were observed among the different symptom duration groups in response to 16 weeks of exercise therapy and pain-guided activity modification.
Daily Air Temperature and Electricity Load in Spain

Abstract Weather has a significant impact on different sectors of the economy. One of the most sensitive is the electricity market, because power demand is linked to several weather variables, mainly the air temperature. This work analyzes the relationship between electricity load and daily air temperature in Spain, using a population-weighted temperature index. The electricity demand shows a significant trend due to socioeconomic factors, in addition to daily and monthly seasonal effects that have been taken into account to isolate the weather influence on electricity load. The results indicate that the relationship is nonlinear, showing a “comfort interval” of ±3°C around 18°C and two saturation points beyond which the electricity load no longer increases. The analysis has also revealed that the sensitivity of electricity load to daily air temperature has increased along time, in a higher degree for summer than for winter, although the sensitivity in the cold season is always more significant than in th.
Proposal of definition and diagnostic criteria for sarcopenic obesity by ESPEN and EASO

HepatoBiliary Surg Nutr 2023;12(3):431-434 | https://dx.doi. org/10.21037/hbsn-23-199 In the last decade, many investigators including us have reported the negative impact of preoperative sarcopenia or low skeletal muscle mass on outcomes after surgery including hepato-biliary-pancreatic (HBP) surgery such as liver transplantation, liver surgery, biliary surgery, and pancreatic surgery (1-5). In addition to low skeletal muscle mass, the abnormality of body compositions, decreased muscle quality and visceral obesity, has been clarified to be also negatively associated with poor outcomes after HBP surgery (2-5). Consequently, it was easily supposed that coexistence of sarcopenia and obesity, called sarcopenic obesity (SO), had more strong negative impact on outcomes. Actually, not a few studies have demonstrated negative clinical impact of SO on outcomes after HBP surgery using various definitions for SO (6-10). We reported that patients with SO, defined by low skeletal muscle mass with high visceral fat to subcutaneous fat ratio evaluated by preoperative computed tomography (CT) image, had significant worse survival than non-sarcopenia patients and patients with sarcopenia only after liver transplantation, hepatic resection, and pancreatic resection (6-9). The absence of widely accepted diagnostic criteria for SO has been the most significant issue in assessing the impact of SO. The identification of patients and accurate estimation of SO prevalence are hampered by the lack of diagnostic criteria for SO. Moreover, the lack of diagnostic criteria makes it difficult to develop strategies of SO prevention and treatment. Therefore, the creation of the widely accepted diagnostic criteria for SO has been eagerly anticipated. Under such a background, we read with great interest the recent article written by Donini et al. (11), a joint consensus statement of the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) and the European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO). ESPEN and EASO launched an initiative to reach expert consensus on the definition and diagnostic criteria for SO. The consensus process involved 38 worldwide academics from a range of fields, including obesity, sarcopenia, nutritionists, geriatricians, and experts in body composition, based in 16 countries on four continents. The consensus process used a four-step Delphi process consisting of a series of web-based surveys. A very solid recommendation basis was formed for a worldwide plan that included SO definition, screening, diagnosis, and staging using a decision algorithm to direct the patient identification and diagnostic procedure as follows after four rounds of web-based questionnaires. I would like to summarize the definition and diagnostic criteria for SO. SO was defined as the co-existence of excess adiposity and low muscle mass/function. As for diagnostic procedures, Editorial Commentary
Incidence of Work-Related Cervical Pain Disorder on Neck Disability Index- Hairdresser Population Based Cross-Sectional Study

Purpose: The most frequent issue among workers who perform repetitive upper extremity activity in their line of work is neck pain. Hairdressers who cut hair frequently use their shoulders in their picking and holding of the scissors. The muscles, ligaments, and soft tissues of the musculoskeletal system are put under more strain by this repetitive activity. Consequently, the objective of the current study is to ascertain, how prevalent neck pain is among hairdressers. The study’s objective is to determine the frequency of neck pain in hairdressers of Multan. Methodology: Cross-sectional study design was employed in this investigation. Information was gathered from Multan hairdressers. The technique of simple random sampling was used to gather the data from hairdressers. A total of 100 hair stylists were included in the study. Workers between the ages of 20 and 40 who have been employed for more than six months without a neck injury, trauma, or neurological or musculoskeletal problem were included. Participants were given questionnaires, and the answers were recorded. Data was manually coded, entered, and analysed using SPSS version 21. Results were described using frequency distributions, percentages, means, and standard deviations. Findings: Non Parametric Test was used to analyze data. In this study, only 44% of hairdressers reported having neck pain, while the rest reported mild, moderate, or no pain. The study demonstrates that hairdressers between the ages of 31 and 40 with more than five years of experience in their field frequently experience neck pain, which may be brought on by repetitive shoulder motion and poor posture at the workplace. Recommendations: The results of this study showed that hairdressers in Multan frequently experience neck pain. Physiotherapy campaigns should be conducted to raise awareness among hairdressers. It is suggested to use a random sampling technique instead of convenience sampling in future research to enhance the generalizability of the findings. Considering that the study had a short duration, it is advisable to allocate a longer time frame for conducting future studies to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of the topic.
Influences of Maternal Weight and Geographic Factors on Offspring Traits of the Edible Dormouse in the NE of the Iberian Peninsula

The main goal of this study was to analyze the reproductive patterns of edible dormouse (Glis glis) populations in the northeast of the Iberian Peninsula using an 18-year period of data obtained from nest boxes collected between 2004 and 2021. The average litter size in Catalonia (Spain) was 5.5 ± 1.60 (range: 2–9, n = 131), with litter sizes between 5 and 7 pups as the more frequent. The overall mean weight in pink, grey and open eyes pups was 4.8 g/pup, 11.7 g/pup and 23.6 g/pup, respectively. No differences in offspring weights between sexes were found in any of the three age groups. Maternal body weight was positively associated with mean pup weight, whereas no correlation between the weight of the mothers and litter size was found. The trade-off between offspring number and size was not detected at birth. Regarding litter size variation across the geographic gradient (and their climatic gradient associated) from the southernmost populations of the Iberian Peninsula located in Catalonia to the Pyrenees region in Andorra, no evidence to suggest that geographic variables affect litter size was found, discarding (1) an investment in larger litters to compensate shorter seasons related to higher altitudes or northern latitudes, and (2) variation in litter size related to weather changes (e.g., temperature and precipitation) along latitudinal and/or altitudinal gradients.
Melanoma and Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA): Immunogenicity of 69 HLA Class I Alleles With 11 Antigens Expressed in Melanoma Tumors

Host immunogenetics play a critical role in the human immune response to melanoma, influencing both melanoma prevalence and immunotherapy outcomes. Beneficial outcomes that stimulate T cell response hinge on binding affinity and immunogenicity of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) with melanoma antigen epitopes. Here, we use an in silico approach to characterize binding affinity and immunogenicity of 69 HLA Class I human leukocyte antigen alleles to epitopes of 11 known melanoma antigens. The findings document a significant proportion of positively immunogenic epitope-allele combinations, with the highest proportions of positive immunogenicity found for the Q13072/BAGE1 melanoma antigen and alleles of the HLA B and C genes. The findings are discussed in terms of a personalized precision HLA-mediated adjunct to immune checkpoint blockade immunotherapy to maximize tumor elimination.
Climate Smart Agriculture and Nigeria's SDG 2 Prospects: A Review

It is not in doubt that there is a nexus between climate-smart agriculture and the actualization of sustainable development goal 2 (SDG 2). With climate change impact in Nigeria becoming more adverse and its threats to the agricultural sector surging, the need to adopt resilient mitigation and adaptation strategies has become more expedient. Thus, this study interrogates the implications of climate-smart agriculture as a response mechanism to climatic dysfunctionalities and a leeway to the full-blown achievement of SDG 2 in Nigeria. The work relies substantially on secondary information from books, journal articles and policy briefs. The study asserts that climate-smart agriculture represents one of the innovative approaches to achieving SDG 2 and, by extension, food security in Nigeria. During the inquiry, several challenges to implementing CSA were identified and highlighted. It posits that CSA application has heightened among Nigerian farmers, but its holistic performance should be fast-tracked if SDG2 will be achieved. The government and pertinent stakeholders must provide more comprehensive and better-coordinated support for farmers, such as requisite funding, to enable them to mitigate climate change impacts adequately.
Efficacy and Safety of Dry Powder Antibiotics: A Narrative Review

The use of inhaled antibiotics was initially almost exclusively confined to patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). However, it has been extended in recent decades to patients with non-CF bronchiectasis or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who present with chronic bronchial infection by potentially pathogenic microorganisms. Inhaled antibiotics reach high concentrations in the area of infection, which enhances their effect and enables their long-term administration to defeat the most resistant infections, while minimizing possible adverse effects. New formulations of inhaled dry powder antibiotics have been developed, providing, among other advantages, faster preparation and administration of the drug, as well as avoiding the requirement to clean nebulization equipment. In this review, we analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the different types of devices that allow the inhalation of antibiotics, especially dry powder inhalers. We describe their general characteristics, the different inhalers on the market and the proper way to use them. We analyze the factors that influence the way in which the dry powder drug reaches the lower airways, as well as aspects of microbiological effectiveness and risks of resistance development. We review the scientific evidence on the use of colistin and tobramycin with this type of device, both in patients with CF and with non-CF bronchiectasis. Finally, we discuss the literature on the development of new dry powder antibiotics.
LITERASI KESEHATAN MEDIA TERHADAP PERILAKU PENCEGAHAN PENYAKIT TIDAK MENULAR : (LITERATURE REVIEW)

Berkembang era society 4.0 dan 5.0 berkaitan dengan literasi media. Literasi kesehatan berbasis media merupakan tambahan yang menarik upaya promosi kesehatan untuk mempengaruhi remaja dan menggalang dukungan sebagai strategi pencegahan. Literasi media pada remaja merupakan upaya pencegahan penyakit tidak menular melalui perilaku seperti pola makan, merokok, aktivitas fisik dan lain-lain yang merupakan area yang kurang dieksplorasi sehingga sangat penting untuk memiliki pendekatan perilaku sehat secara individual. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji literasi media dalam pencegahan penyakit tidak menular pada remaja. Metode database tinjauan sistematis yang digunakan yaitu Google Scholar, dan PubMed. Kriteria inklusi yang digunakan untuk memilih artikel antara lain artikel menggunakan bahasa Indonesia dan Inggris, tahun terbit rentang 2018-2022 (5 tahun terakhir), full text atau non duplikat dan jenis artikel yang dipilih adalah artikel penelitian. Dipilih 4 artikel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Literasi media merupakan konsep penggunaan media dengan bijak dan sesuai kebutuhan. Dimana literasi media hadir sebagai benteng bagi individu agar kritis terhadap isi media, sekaligus menentukan informasi yang dibutuhkan dari media. Ia akan mendorong pengguna untuk kritis mempertanyakan apa yang ada di balik isi media yang diaksesnya. Sehingga literasi kesehatan media pada individu dan sumber informasi berpengaruh terhadap perubahan gaya hidup dan lingkungan yang sehat. Mengembangkan konsep media literasi kesehatan yang lebih luas, berlaku jika ada penyakit atau pengalaman dengan sistem perawatan kesehatan. Memahami sumber dan sifat informasi terkait kesehatan remaja sebelum menarik kesimpulan pasti tentang relevansi berbagai komponen literasi kesehatan untuk perilaku pecegahan penyakit tidak menular pada remaja.
A propos du problème des arcs de Nash

Soit H = U N i la decomposition canonique de l'espace des arcs H passant par une singularite normale de surface. Dans cet article, on propose deux nouvelles conditions qui si elles sont verifiees permettent de montrer que Ni n'est pas inclus dans Nj. On applique ces conditions pour donner deux nouvelles preuves du probleme de Nash pour les singularites sandwich minimales.