Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mobile ranging using low-accuracy clocks

Our position-location technique provides location information within milliseconds and is integrated in a handheld direct-sequence spread-spectrum (DSSS) communications system. We use a standard DSSS waveform, with a state of-the-art chipping rate to provide a position location capability to an accuracy of less than 1 m in a severe multipath environment. We use a two-way time-of-arrival (TOA) measurement technique with 1-ppm clocks that eliminates the need to synchronize master and reference radio clocks. Several techniques improve TOA and, therefore, range accuracy. A loop back calibrates internal system delay. Frequency diversity orthogonalizes multipath with respect to direct path, and leading edge curve fitting of the direct path reduces the effect of multipath. Applications include location of urban war fighters, firefighters, police, and medical personnel and resources.
A Discussion on E-Discovery: An Appropriate Rule of Civil Procedure or a Tool for Frivolous Arguments and Invasion of Privacy?

Electronic discovery (e-discovery) is a growing concern for organizations from a legal, regulatory, and compliance perspective. E-discovery refers to the discovery of an organization’s electronically stored information (ESI). ESI can include such information as emails, instant messages, office application documents such as Microsoft Word and Excel. Currently as the United States Federal Rules of Civil Procedure stand the E-Discovery Rules require companies to comply with civil litigation requests for legacy data as well as implement legal hold to ensure the appropriate preservation of data going forward. At first glance, it appears that the current e-discovery rules are potentially ripe for abuse, including submitting frivolous lawsuits that can cost the defendant organizations millions of dollars in personnel resources, time, and technical support costs, to an invasion of privacy of proprietary or confidential data under the guise of legal disclosure. And yet since it’s inception in 2006 it also seems that within most cases, the e-discovery rules were appropriately applied by reasonable judgments. According to a recent 2008 study nearly 70% of corporations felt that they were not adequately prepared to comply with e-discovery rules and entering into litigation if a lawsuit was presented. The purpose of this paper is to further the ongoing discussion of the benefits and potential pitfalls of e-discovery and to argue the need for additional research on e-discovery rules.
Buffaloes and climatic change: mitigation and adaptation

Climate change, especially global warming, may highly influence the production performance of farm animals throughout the world. Global warming has a great impact on the production and reproductive activity of cattle and buffaloes. The Egyptian buffalo is an important tropical species adapted to the environmental conditions in Egypt and other developed countries. In the last ten years, Egypt was exposed to waves of heat and cold which stressed the animals and decreased animal production. This was clear in 2015. So we needed animals more tolerance to stress (cold or heat) and can make modifications to micro-environmental conditions around it, faster recovery from heat stress, less water consumption, and lower methane emissions. It is more necessary to make an adaption of animals and their mitigation with environmental conditions, to decrease the adverse bad effects of climatic change in environmental conditions on animals for increasing the animal production. In this review, we discussed the roles of all environmental factors related to changes in animal production.
DESIGN AND THERMAL EVALUATION OF SHELL AND HELICAL COIL HEAT EXCHANGER

Heat exchangers are the important engineering equipments used for transferring heat from one fluid to another. Heat exchangers are widely used in various kinds of application such as power plants, nuclear reactors, refrigeration and air-conditioning systems, heat recovery systems, petrochemical, mechanical, biomedical industries. Helical coil heat exchangers are gaining wide importance now-a-days because it can give high heat transfer coefficient in small footprint of surface area. This paper focuses on the designing of shell and helical coil heat exchanger and its thermal evaluation with counter flow configuration. The thermal analysis is carried out considering the various parameters such as flow rate of cold water, flow rate of hot water, temperature, effectiveness and overall heat transfer coefficient.
A gap-induced element resonance in single-polarized arrays of notch antennas

Arrays of notch antennas offer one of the best opportunities for realizing wide-bandwidth, wide-scanning phased arrays. There are a number of troublesome resonances that plague these arrays. These resonances disrupt the otherwise wide-bandwidth performance of the arrays. Using a simulation method developed by Schaubert (see Univ. of Massachusetts Antenna Lab. Report, 1992), the operation and troublesome behavior of notch antenna arrays are studied. This paper presents discoveries related to an element resonance that is induced by gaps in the metal that forms the array elements. <<ETX>>
Utilization of Polylactic Acid (PLA) in Textile Food Packaging: A Review"

Food packaging is one of the most important aspects of modern life, it is unavoidable in various communities: manufacturers, shopkeepers, sellers, and consumers. In today's world, food packaging plays a crucial role in our everyday lives because it safeguards foods against contamination from outside sources and preserve food properties during the entire assigned shelf life. This role involves prevention of decay, extension of shelf life, and preservation of packaged food quality and protection. In the recent years, several researches on biodegradable materials to replace petroleum-based plastics in food packaging have been conducted. The demand of biodegradable packaging is increasing as it can be disposed of with minimal environmental impacts, but the industry is still in its early stages, owing to a scarcity of materials. This review paper dealing with some of the manufacturing challenges of environmentally sustainable food packaging products as an alternative to products derived from petroleum products. Where the study reviews the textile products used in the field of food packaging and the characteristics of these products. It also shows the great interest of the PLA in the field of food packaging industry, and this is due to the fact that it is environmentally friendly, biocompatibility and energy savings. This article reviews and discusses the physical, mechanical and biological properties of PLA fiber, Which allows to compare it with the properties of polyester fibers, and is it possible that PLA fibers be an alternative to it in the manufacture of woven food packages.
Metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma treated with liposomal irinotecan in combination with 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin as a II line chemotherapy

The paper presents a case of a 54-year-old man with pancreatic tumor and intraperitoneal dissemination. The patient received treatment with gemcitabine in combination with nab-paclitaxel. After 18 months, the disease progressed, therefore the line of treatment was applied in the form of liposomal irinotecan with 5-FU/LV. This therapy provided progression-free survival for 7 months. The obtained results are better than the median progression-free survival obtained in the studies. This case demonstrates that liposomal irinotecan in the treatment of stage IV disease in patients progressing after gemcitabine opens up new treatment options.
A study of unsteady turbulent boundary layer separation under conditions relevant to helicopter rotor dynamics

by David M. Schatzman An experimental investigation focused on the study of the physics of unsteady turbulent boundary layer separation under conditions relevant to the dynamic stall process that occurs in helicopter rotors is presented. A flat boundary layer development plate allows for the growth of a turbulent boundary layer of thickness sufficient for high spatial resolution measurements. Downstream of the flat plate, a convex ramp section imposes a streamwise adverse pressure gradient that gives rise to boundary layer separation. In order to impose an unsteady pressure gradient, an airfoil equipped with leading edge plasma flow control is located above the ramp section. Plasma flow control is used to alternately attach and separate the airfoil flow which gives rise to unsteady turbulent boundary layer separation on the convex ramp. Measurements of the resulting unsteady turbulent boundary layer separation via phase-locked two-component PIV, unsteady surface pressure measurements, and high speed digital imaging capture and quantify the dynamics the separation process at the wall and throughout the unsteady boundary layer. Two-component LDA measurements are used to characterize the motions of ejection and sweep events within the unsteady boundary layer using a quadrant splitting technique. Large amplitude quadrant 4 sweep events are the most David M. Schatzman dynamically significant in the near wall region during the unsteady separation process. The implications of the experimental results for the development of flow control strategies for unsteady boundary layer separation are discussed.
Optimal pattern of technology adoption under embodiment with a finite planning horizon : A multi-stage optimal control approach

By deriving the necessary conditions for a multi-stage discounted optimal control problem where the endogenous switching instants between regimes appear as an argument of the objective function and the state equation, we analyze the optimal pattern of technology adoption under embodiment with a finite planning horizon. The economy is characterized by the existence of an exogenously growing technology frontier and technology specific learning by doing. We obtain time varying durations for the adopted technologies to be in use due to finite planning horizon. We analyze numerically the effects of planing horizon, speed of learning, growth rate of technology and impatience rate on the optimal pattern.
Seleção de Características em Stream para a Detecção de Ataques de Rede

O aprendizado de máquina por stream possibilita a detecção de ataques de rede em tempo real, processando as instâncias e inspecionando-as apenas uma vez. Entretanto, as características de rede utilizadas por esses sistemas são dinâmicas e podem se tornar redundantes ou irrelevantes durante o processo de detecção, o que impacta diretamente no desempenho desses algoritmos, dificultando a implementação dessas propostas em ambientes reais. Neste trabalho propomos a utilização de técnicas de seleção de características em stream para melhorar o desempenho da detecção de ataques de rede. Nossos resultados, utilizando três bases de referência em segurança, mostram que a seleção de característica impacta diretamente na detecção dos ataques, com redução de até 93% no tempo de detecção.
Enriching Undergraduate Mathematics Curriculum with Computer Science Courses

Traditional mathematics curriculum faces several issues nowadays. The gap between course materials and students’ real-life mathematical experiences, the scattering of knowledge in different courses, and the lack of mathematics applications to other subjects all hinder the learning of students. The emerg-ing trends in data science, machine learning, and artificial intelligence also impel higher education to enrich and refine mathematics education. In order to better incubate students for future, the experience of enriching undergrad-uate mathematics curriculum with computer science courses is introduced in this study. The curriculum is designed and implemented for students who major in applied mathematics to better stimulate the learning, participation, exercise, and innovation. It provides students with comprehensive theoretical and practical knowledge for the challenges and industrial requirements now-adays. Evaluations, major findings, and lessons learned from three refined courses are discussed for more insight into the following deployment and re-finement of the curriculum.
Determinants of Online Purchase Intention of Apparel Products in Lebanon

This study investigates factors (perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, privacy concerns, trust, innovativeness, and perceived benefits) affecting Lebanese consumers’ attitude toward online purchasing and their intention to purchase online. Data collected from 416 online shoppers were analyzed using regression analysis. All the factors affect attitude towards online purchasing except trust and privacy concerns which were not supported. In addition, results show that attitude toward online purchasing affect online purchase intention. This study is the first to empirically examine factors influencing online purchase intention towards apparel products in Lebanon. The study provides insight from an overlooked emerging country, Lebanon.
Regional scope of practice and hospital readmission

ABSTRACT One in six people who are hospitalized in the United States will be readmitted within 30-days of initial discharge. We investigate expanding the scope of practice for nurse practitioners and regional readmission rates. Using Census region data on readmission rates, we determine the effect of a member state expanding nurse practitioner job autonomy with the probability of an individual being readmitted to the hospital. We find that there is an approximate one percent reduction in readmissions within a Census region when a state expands scope of practice to allow for some or all tasks to be performed without a supervisory or collaborative agreement. We find no evidence of increasing readmissions when nurse practitioners’ scope of practice is expanded.
A comparative analysis of substrate current generation mechanisms in tunneling MOS capacitors

This paper presents a critical analysis of the origin of majority and minority carrier substrate currents in tunneling MOS capacitors. For this purpose, a novel, physically-based model, which is comprehensive in terms of impact ionization and hot carrier photon emission and re-absorption in the substrate, is presented. The model provides a better quantitative understanding of the relative importance of different physical mechanisms on the origin of substrate currents in tunneling MOS capacitors featuring different oxide thickness. The results indicate that for thick oxides, the majority carrier substrate current is dominated by anode, hole injection, while the minority carrier current is consistent with a photon emission-absorption mechanism, at least in the range of oxide voltage and oxide thickness covered by the considered experiments. These two currents appear to be strictly correlated because of the relatively flat ratio between impact ionization and photon emission scattering rates and because of the weak dependence of hole transmission probability on oxide thickness and gate bias. Simulations also suggest that, for thinner oxides and smaller oxide voltage drop, the photon emission mechanism might become dominant in the generation of substrate holes.
A Finite Element Model of Coupled Multi-physics Fields for Opto-electromechanical Actuators

a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Kish Island, 79417-76655, Iran b Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, 11155-9161, Iran c Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Kish Island, 79417-76655, Iran *masih.mahmoudpour@gmail.com Abstract: This paper presents an analytical and finite element investigation into ultraviolet photo-induced multiphysics responses of 0-3 polarized PbLaZrTi (PLZT) photocantilever and a comparison of the measured bending displacement. Discussed first are an extended variational principle and a finite element formulation and analytical solution of the transverse deflection for multi-physics analysis of PLZT ceramics by including the photovoltaic and optothermic effects. The photo-induced electrical and thermal, and mechanical fields are all considered in the formulation. Finally, the transverse displacements of a 0–3 polarized PLZT photocantilever are predicted using the finite element method and compared with the analytical solution for a silicon cantilever beam with a PLZT actuator bonded on the whole top surface of the beam.
ECONOMIC COEFFICIENTS OF IMPORTANT PRODUCTIVE TRAITS OF SHEEP IN RURAL AND INDUSTRIAL SYSTEMS

The aim of the current study was to investigate effects of 5 important productive treats of sheep include birth, 3 and 6 months of age weight; twining and fertility in two rural and industrial systems using bio-economic model in Kabudeh Fars and Zel Mazandran sheep. According to the obtained results, suggests that by change in rural raising system to industrial type, there was no significant effects on economic coefficients values and routine genetically selection can be follow using the change in rural to industrial raising system. Additionally, body weight in 6 and 3 months of age, birth weight, twining with mean relative economic coefficients (3 flock and 3 raising system) were 4.07, 3.7, 1 and 0.84, respectively.
Auditors' response to political connections and cronyism in Malaysia: Management of slipped adjustable gastric bands

This paper extends the literature on the role of political economy in financial reporting and auditing by testing two hypotheses. The first hypothesis predicts that there will be a greater increase in audit effort and audit fees for Malaysian firms with political connections, as a result of the Asian financial crisis, than for non-politically connected firms because these firms have a higher risk of financial misstatements. The second hypothesis predicts that the audit fees of politically connected firms will decline when capital controls are introduced by the government as a ploy to financially assist politically connected firms to rebound from the crisis, and thus reduces the risk of financial misstatements. The results show that there is a greater increase in audit fees for firms with political connections than for non-politically connected firms as a result of the Asian financial crisis. However, there is a decline in audit fees for politically connected firms after the capital controls are implemented. Copyright University of Chicago on behalf of the Institute of Professional Accounting, 2006.
GENETIC RESPONSE OF SOME BODY MALES MEASUREMENTS AND REPRODUCTION FOR GIMMIZAH CHICKENS SELECTED FOR BODY CIRCUMFERENCE

: this experiment was conducted on Gimmizah (GM) chickens aiming to investigate the effect of selection for breast circumference at twelve weeks of age through six generations on some physical characters of males and hatchability besides estimating some genetical sire parameters among the selected generations. Two hundred and twenty hens besides twenty two males were randomly chosen from (GM) flock and considered as base population (G 0 ) composing pen's families (10hens and one male / pen). Day-old chicks produced from G 0 were wing-banded and selected for breast circumference (BC) at 12-wk of age within families. Chickens were selected as parents of the next generation and continued throughout five generations. A total number of 6750 hatching eggs representing the six experimental consecutive generations were used for hatching trials. Data were collected for some physical parameters of GM males at 1 day, 8, 12, 25 and 45 weeks of age for six generations. Hatched male body weights (BW 1 ) were significantly higher for selected line among G 0 , G 4 and G 5 generations compared to those for control one. Selection for chicken BC significantly improved fertility percentage with advanced generations. Moreover, fertility percentage was significantly increased for selected chickens compared to those for control line at fifth generation. high body weights at studied ages through the sixgeneration ranked between 0.50 among the most ages and generations with 0.97 for BW 8 and BW 12 at G 4 . Also, BC high estimates of among the ages and generations ranged between 0.32 for BC 12 at G 5 and 0.69 for BC 12 at G 0 . Genetic correlations between fertility and body weights among the studied generations were low differed between 0.10 up to 0.34, with value of 0.28 for BW 1 at G 5 . It is concluded from this study that fertility trait should be taken into consideration during selection of breast circumference, besides other breast measurements such as breast length and width should be included in the coming genetic selection program.
An Analysis About The Impact of Monetary Policy Shocks On The Flow of Funds Account: The Case of Iran

The flow of funds account provides information on various economic sectors’ financial transactions. The present study has investigated the impact of monetary shocks on the dynamics of lending and borrowing of various economic sectors such as households, non-financial enterprises, the banks, the Central Bank of Iran (CBI), the government, and the foreign sector as well as the changes in financial assets and liabilities of mentioned sectors. An accurate analyzing in this regard could provide helpful guidance in making the appropriate policies for influencing macroeconomic variables. For this purpose, a FAVAR model was employed using data from 1973-2017. It was concluded that monetary shocks increased both the acquisition of new financial assets and the issuance of new liabilities of various national economic sectors and the banks were net borrowers from other economic sectors while other sectors – except the non-financial enterprises and the government that response with a delay– were net lenders in the first year. However, all national economic sectors turned into lenders and the foreign sector had become the borrower after the first year is passed. The reason for this appears to be the difference between domestic and foreign interest rate. Net capital outflow occurs for two years significantly.
Comparison of edge discrimination of microbubbles between Sobel and improved mathematics of Canny edge detection

Bubble sizes are generated by micro-bubble generators (MBGs) in the water for their effect on the percentage of dissolved oxygen in the water and we find this in aquaculture where oxygen is important to marine life and in many applications. And since these bubbles range in size from 20 to 50, we need to highlight the shape of the bubble and distinguish it, so two Sobel algorithms were used and the Canny method was improved and compared between them, where the edge detection algorithm is sensitive to noise, and therefore, it is easy to lose weak edge information when filtering noise, and it appears ts fixed parameters are weak adaptability. In response to these problems, this paper proposed an improved algorithm based on the Canny algorithm. This algorithm introduced the concept of gravitational field strength to replace the image gradient and obtained the gravitational field strength factor. Two methods for choosing the adaptive threshold based on the average image gradation The size and standard deviation of two types of model images (one containing less edge information, the other containing rich edge information) were subtracted, respectively. The improved Canny algorithm is simple and easy to achieve. Experimental results show that the algorithm can retain more useful information and is more robust in the face of noise.