Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quasioptical systems : Gaussian beam quasioptical propagation and applications

"The increasing commercial use of millimeter wavelengths for remote sensing, communications, and radar systems has driven the need for new low-cost, high performance systems, and with it, the need for quasioptical systems.Combining a general introduction to Gaussian beams and quasioptical propagation with practical applications, QUASIOPTICAL SYSTEMS provides a state-of-the-art treatment of the design of low-loss, broadband systems at microwave to submillimeter wavelegnths. the approach presented involved utilizing a beam with a Gaussian distribution of field strength perpendicular to its axis, which in turn propagates in a simple predictable fashion. Features include: A Convenient summary of Gaussian beam propagation formulas; Extensive coverage of present-day quasioptical components and their performance; In-depth coverage of dielectric material uses at millimeter and submillimeter wavelengths; An analysis of lenses and mirrors together with design techniques; and much more! This book will be of key interest to systems designers, antenna engineers, communications systems engineers, and researchers. "
ournal of C osmology and A stroparticle hysics Lensing convergence in galaxy clustering in Λ CDM and beyond

We study the impact of neglecting lensing magniﬁcation in galaxy clustering analyses for future galaxy surveys, considering the ΛCDM model and two extensions: massive neutrinos and modiﬁcations of General Relativity. Our study focuses on the biases on the constraints and on the estimation of the cosmological parameters. We perform a compre-hensive investigation of these two eﬀects for the upcoming photometric and spectroscopic galaxy surveys Euclid and SKA for diﬀerent redshift binning conﬁgurations. We also provide a ﬁtting formula for the magniﬁcation bias of SKA. Our results show that the information present in the lensing contribution does improve the constraints on the modiﬁed gravity parameters whereas the lensing constraining power is negligible for the ΛCDM parameters. For photometric surveys the estimation is biased for all the parameters if lensing is not taken into account. This eﬀect is particularly signiﬁcant for the modiﬁed gravity parameters. Con-versely for spectroscopic surveys the bias is below one sigma for all the parameters. Our ﬁndings show the importance of including lensing in galaxy clustering analyses for testing General Relativity and to constrain the parameters which describe its modiﬁcations.
Vitamin D and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most prevalent diseases of the respiratory system in the elderly, and it poses a grave threat to the survival and quality of life. Examining the pathogenesis of COPD is extremely important for COPD prevention and treatment. To date, however, there is no medication for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease that can delay the lung function decline over time. According to studies, vitamin D offers new hope for the treatment of COPD. A deficiency in vitamin D can exacerbate the progression of COPD, whereas adequate vitamin D has a therapeutic effect on COPD. This paper summarizes the relevant domestic and international research, discusses the possible mechanism of vitamin D’s effect on COPD, and investigates the role of vitamin D, particularly in COPD patients.
Framework for extracting rails and setting-out railway line axis based on UAV photogrammetric measurements

ABSTRACT Technical diagnostics enables assessing the current technical condition of a railway line and adjacent infrastructure, and forecasting its changes over a specific time horizon. One of its elements is the periodic monitoring of rail position and their geometry. This article presents a new framework for the setting-out of a railway track axis. The process presented in the manuscript is based on the specific filtration and extraction of rails from a point cloud originating from the photogrammetric process. Data was acquired using a small unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). A railway track axis setting-out using the process described herein was related to dynamic satellite track measurement. An average accuracy achieved in the horizontal plane is 1.6 cm which corresponds to the accuracy of the source photogrammetric product. The achieved accuracy enables using this method to be suitable for technical track monitoring, geoinformation, and cartographic work.
Ensemble dependence of critical Casimir forces in films with Dirichlet boundary conditions.

In a recent study [Phys. Rev. E 94, 022103 (2016)2470-004510.1103/PhysRevE.94. 022103] it has been shown that, for a fluid film subject to critical adsorption, the resulting critical Casimir force (CCF) may significantly depend on the thermodynamic ensemble. Here we extend that study by considering fluid films within the so-called ordinary surface universality class. We focus on mean-field theory, within which the order parameter (OP) profile satisfies Dirichlet boundary conditions and produces a nontrivial CCF in the presence of external bulk fields or, respectively, a nonzero total order parameter within the film. Additionally, we study the influence of fluctuations by means of Monte Carlo simulations of the three-dimensional Ising model. We show that, in the canonical ensemble, i.e., when fixing the so-called total mass within the film, the CCF is repulsive for large absolute values of the total OP, instead of attractive as in the grand canonical ensemble. Based on the Landau-Ginzburg free energy, we furthermore obtain analytic expressions for the order parameter profiles and analyze the relation between the total mass in the film and the external bulk field.
D-branes on general Script N = 1 backgrounds: superpotentials and D-terms

We study the dynamics governing space-time filling D-branes on Type II flux backgrounds preserving four-dimensional = 1 supersymmetry. The four-dimensional superpotentials and D-terms are derived. The analysis is kept on completely general grounds thanks to the use of recently proposed generalized calibrations, which also allow one to show the direct link of the superpotentials and D-terms with BPS domain walls and cosmic strings respectively. In particular, our D-brane setting reproduces the tension of D-term strings found from purely four-dimensional analysis. The holomorphicity of the superpotentials is also studied and a moment map associated to the D-terms is proposed. Among different examples, we discuss an application to the study of D7-branes on SU(3)-structure backgrounds, which reproduces and generalizes some previous results.
Stars and black holes in varying speed of light theories

We investigate spherically symmetric solutions to a recently proposed covariant and locally Lorentz-invariant varying speed of light theory. We find the metrics and variations in $c$ associated with the counterpart of black holes, the outside of a star, and stellar collapse. The remarkable novelty is that $c$ goes to zero or infinity (depending on parameter signs) at the horizon. We show how this implies that, with appropriate parameters, observers are prevented from entering the horizon. Concomitantly stellar collapse must end in a ``Schwarzchild radius'' remnant. We then find formulae for gravitational light deflection, gravitational redshift, radar echo delay, and the precession of the perihelion of Mercury, highlighting how these may differ distinctly from their Einstein counterparts but still evade experimental constraints. The main tell-tale signature of this theory is the prediction of the observation of a different value for the fine structure constant, $\alpha$, in spectral lines formed in the surface of stars. We close by mentioning a variety of new classical and quantum effects near stars, such as aging gradients and particle production.
Investigation of coherent structure in the similarity region of the planar turbulent jet using POD and wavelet analysis

The coherent structure in the self-similar region of a turbulent planar jet at moderate Reynolds number was experimentally investigated by application of wavelet-based techniques and the Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD). Three rakes containing a total of 24 X-wire probes were used to acquire the required u, v and w velocity uctuation time-series data. The measurements were performed for di erent spanwise separations between the rakes (i.e. di erent spanwise wavenumbers) at several streamwise locations. The POD technique was used to extract average coherent structures and their associated energy. Coherent structures are de ned as spatial POD modes. The results show that the POD modes exhibit self-similar behavior for x=D > 60 (D is the nozzle width), which proves that the dynamics of the jet is selfsimilar. Projection of the POD modes onto instantaneous realizations of the ow eld provides instantaneous shape of the coherent structure in the spatio-temporal domain. Two di erent kinds of structure were found in the jet: planar spanwise vortices and more complex spanwise periodic structures, topologically similar to an array of spanwise vortices. Among other things, a distinct intermittent behavior of these structures is observed. The results provide important and unique information about the topology of structures in the planar jet and lead to a better understanding of the jet physics.
Content of Two Major Steroidal Glycoalkaloids in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum cv. Micro-Tom) Mutant Lines at Different Ripening Stages

Esculeoside A and tomatine are two major steroidal alkaloids in tomato fruit (Solanum lycopersicum) that exhibit anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and anti-hyperlipidemia activities. Tomatine contained in immature tomato fruit is converted to esculeoside A as the fruit matures. To develop new tomato varieties based on the content analysis of functional secondary metabolites, 184 mutant lines were generated from the original cultivar (S. lycopersicum cv. Micro-Tom) by radiation breeding. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with evaporative light scattering detector was used to identify the mutant lines with good traits by analyzing tomatine and esculeoside A content. Compared with the original cultivar, candidates for highly functional cultivars with high esculeoside A content were identified in the mature fruit of the mutant lines. The mutant lines with low and high tomatine content at an immature stage were selected as edible cultivars due to toxicity reduction and as a source of tomatine with various pharmacological activities, respectively. During the process of ripening from green to red tomatoes, the rate of conversion of tomatine to esculeoside A was high in the green tomatoes with a low tomatine content, whereas green tomatoes with a high tomatine content exhibited a low conversion rate. Using methanol extracts prepared from unripe and ripe fruits of the original cultivar and its mutant lines and two major compounds, we examined their cytotoxicity against FaDu human hypopharynx squamous carcinoma cells. Only tomatine exhibited cytotoxicity with an IC50 value of 5.589 μM, whereas the other samples did not exhibit cytotoxicity. Therefore, radiation breeding represents a useful tool for developing new cultivars with high quality, and metabolite analysis is applicable for the rapid and objective selection of potential mutant lines.
Optimal Discrimination of Qubit States - Methods, Solutions, and Encoder's Freedom

Department of Physics Education, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea(Dated: April 12, 2012)We show a geometric formulation for qubit state discrimination, that can be generally applied,and provide the complete solution in a closed form when arbitrary qubit states are given with equala priori probabilities. It is shown that the guessing probability does not depend on detailed relationsamong given states, such as angles between them, but on a property that can be assigned by the setof given states itself. This also shows how a set of quantum states can be modi ed such that theygive the same guessing probability. The general structure of optimal measurements is characterized,which also explains that no measurement sometimes gives an optimal strategy.
Insights into the Social Determinants of Health in Older Adults

In this paper, we review the social determinants of health in older adults and their complex interrelationship with medical diseases. Also, we provide recommendations to address these determinants in the integrated healthcare plan. The social determinants in older adults and its influence in health outcomes have been studied for decades. There is solid evidence for the interrelationship between social factors and the health of individuals and populations; however, these studies are unable to define their complex interrelatedness. Health is quite variable and depends on multiple biological and social factors such as genetics, country of origin, migrant status, etc. On the other hand, health status can affect social factors such as job or education. Addressing social determinants of health in the integrated healthcare plan is important for improving health outcomes and decreasing existing disparities in older adult health. We recommend a person-centered approach in which individualized interventions should be adopted by organizations to improve the health status of older adults at the national and global level. Some of our practical recommendations to better address the social determinants of health in clinical practice are EHR documentation strategies, screening tools, and the development of linkages to the world outside of the clinic and health system, including social services, community activities, collaborative work, and roles for insurance companies.
Corporeal-composition indicators, and physiological alterations in dental eruption

Worldwide, obesity leads to major diseases in adults. Infants are affected as well, particularly because of growth and development issues. In this article we describe cases of early dental eruption in overweight and obese children, almost 1 year earlier than expected. The relations and mechanisms that cause these alterations remain to be determined.
HD 137510: An Oasis in the Brown Dwarf Desert

Since the beginning of precise Doppler surveys, which have had stunning success in detecting extrasolar planetary companions, one surprising enigma has emerged: the relative paucity of spectroscopic binaries where the secondary mass lies in between the stellar and planetary mass regime. This gap in the mass function for close-in (a < 3-4 AU) companions to solar-type stars is generally referred to as the "brown dwarf desert. " Here we report the detection of a companion to HD 137510 (G0 IV), with a minimum mass of 26MJ, moving in an eccentric orbit (e = 0.4) with a period of 798 days and an orbital semimajor axis of 1.85 AU. The detection is based on precise differential radial velocity data obtained by the McDonald Observatory and Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg planet search programs.
CP violation in a two-Higgs doublet model for the top quark: B{r_arrow}{psi}K{sub S}

We explore charged-Higgs CP-violating effects in an intriguing two-Higgs doublet model which accords special status to the top quark. In this model the heaviness of the top quark originates naturally from the much larger VEV of the second Higgs doublet compared to that of the first. The phenomenology of this model is quite distinct from that of the usual formulations of the two-Higgs doublet model. In particular, the model can easily account for the observed CP violation in the kaon sector even if the CKM matrix is real. The associated non-standard CP phase can be monitored through measurements of the time-dependent CP asymmetry in B{r_arrow}{psi}K{sub S} in experiments at the upcoming {ital B} factories. {copyright} {ital 1999} {ital The American Physical Society}
A Wearable Heating System with a Controllable e-Textile- Based Thermal Panel

Flexible textile heating systems present great advantage due to their ability to bend and hence could ensure uniform heating for irregular geometries. In cooler outer environment, the user requires his/her body to be kept warm for monitoring vital body functions within realistic thermal body balance constraints. In this chapter, heated vest with controllable e-textile-based thermal panel has been studied. Several e-textile-based thermal panels with different conductive yarns were produced using hot air welding technology under different manufacturing parameters. E-textile-based thermal panels were tested for their heating behaviors at varying direct current (DC) power levels. Based on the experimental results, the optimum e-textile-based thermal panel design was chosen considering its flexibility and uniform heating behavior. Moreover, a control algorithm with electrical circuit and electrical connection network was designed and assembled in an electronic control module. Finally, the electronic module consisting of power control and management system was integrated to attachable e-textile-based thermal panel in order to form a wearable heating vest.
Limit distributions of curves in SO(n,1) acting on homogeneous spaces under geodesic flows

Let $G$ be a Lie group and $\Gamma$ be a lattice of $G$, i.e., $G/\Gamma$ admits a finite $G$-invariant measure. We consider the left actions of SO(n,1) on $G/\Gamma$. For a compact segment of analytic curve on SO(n,1) $\phi: I -> SO(n,1)$ and $x = g\Gamma \in G/\Gamma$, $\phi(I)x$ gives a curve in the space, we assume that the orbit SO(n,1)x is dense in $G/\Gamma$. In this article, we consider the limit distributions of such curves under geodesic flow. Since SO(n,1)/SO(n-1) can be identified as the unit tangent bundle of the universal hyperbolic $n$-space, and there is a visual map sending every point in the unit bundle to the ideal boundary sphere of hyperbolic space. It is shown that if the visual map doesn't send the curve into a proper subsphere of the ideal boundary, then under geodesic flow the orbit $\phi(I)x$ gets asymptotically equidistributed on $G/\Gamma$. This problem was proposed by Nimish Shah in one of his paper and is a generalization of the main result in that paper. The proof borrows the main technique from that paper but needs some new observations on the representations of SL(2,R).
On the relationship between the δ Scuti and γ Doradus pulsators

We searched for 8 Scuti-type pulsations amongst known and candidate y Doradus stars. The motivations for such a project come from the need to understand the relationship of these two classes of pulsator better, from the present poor knowledge of the hot border of the y Doradus phenomenon, and from the exciting prospects for asteroseismology should stars be found which have both types of pulsation excited. We acquired 270 h of observations and monitored a total of 26 stars. One target, HD 209295, turned out to be a member of both classes of pulsating star, but this object is peculiar in the sense that it is a close binary. We classify six of our targets as new bona fide y Doradus stars, whereas nine more are good γ Doradus candidates, and three turned out to be ellipsoidal variables. One of our programme stars was found to be a δ Scuti star, with no additional y Doradus variations. Furthermore, one star was already known to be a bona fide y Doradus star, and we could not find an unambiguous explanation for the variability of five more stars. The analysis of our data together with improved knowledge of stars from the literature enabled us to revise the blue border of the y Doradus phenomenon towards cooler temperatures. This new blue edge is much better defined than the previous one and extends from a temperature of about 7550 K on the ZAMS to 7400 K one magnitude above it. Five bona fide y Doradus stars we observed are located inside the 8 Scuti instability strip, but none of them exhibited observable δ Scuti pulsations. We therefore suggest that y Doradus stars are less likely to be 8 Scuti pulsators compared with other normal stars in the same region of the lower instability strip. In addition, we show that there is a clear separation between the pulsation constants Q of 8 Scuti and y Doradus stars. The y Doradus stars known to date all have Q > 0.23 d.
How Generation X and Millennials Perceive Influencers' Recommendations: Perceived Trustworthiness, Product Involvement, and Perceived Risk

Previous literature has found underlying differences in purchasing behaviors, consumption habits, and Internet and social media usage between Generation X and Millennials. The activities and how users engage with consumer advice made by popular social media personalities can differ according to their age. Recent studies have shown that trust in the message transmitted by influencers is a critical factor in explaining the impact of consumer recommendations on their followers. However, so far there is little evidence of the possible variation according to the generational cohort to which they belong. This paper attempts to fill this gap by reviewing theoretical contributions on the relationships between perceived trustworthiness, perceived risk, product involvement, and purchase intention. Next, we proposed an exploratory model that analyzes the differences through partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) with multigroup analysis. The resulting hypotheses were tested on a sample of 116 Millennial and 135 Generation X influencer followers. The results confirmed moderating effects of the generational cohort on message credibility and purchase intention, as well as on Millennials’ risk perception. Additionally, social norm and gender were analyzed, and heterogeneity was found according to the level of social norm of the followers.
Polymer Hydrogel Supported Ni/Pd Alloys for Hydrogen Gas Production from Hydrolysis of Dimethylamine Borane with a Long Recyclable Lifetime

Hydrogen gas production can be produced from dimethylamine borane by the catalytic effect of metal nanoparticles. Past research efforts were heavily focused on dehydrogenation in organic solvents. In this study, hydrolysis of the borane in aqueous solutions was investigated, which bears two significant advantages: that two-thirds of the hydrogen generated originate from water and that the hydrogen storage materials are non-flammable. Polymer hydrogels serve as good carriers for metal particles as catalysts in aqueous solutions. Kinetic analysis of hydrogen production was performed for Ni/Pd bimetallic nanoclusters dispersed in a polymer hydrogel with a 3-D network structure. The reaction catalyzed by the bimetallic nanoclusters has an activation energy of only 34.95 kJ/mol, considerably lower than that by Ni or other metal catalysts reported. A significant synergistic effect was observed in the Ni/Pd bimetallic catalysts (Ni–Pd = 20/1) with a higher activity than Pd or Ni alone. This proves the alloy nature of the nanoparticles in the borane hydrolysis and the activation of water and borane by both metals to break the O–H and B–H bonds. The hydrogel with the Ni/Pd metal can be recycled with a much longer lifetime than all the previously prepared catalysts. The aqueous borane solutions with a polymer hydrogel can become a more sustainable hydrogen supplier for long-term use.