Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Less conservative stabilization conditions for Markovian jump systems with incomplete knowledge of transition probabilities and input saturation

This paper proposes less conservative stabilization conditions for Markovian jump systems with incomplete knowledge of transition probabilities and input saturation. The transition rates associated with the transition probabilities are expressed in terms of three properties, which do not require the lower and upper bounds of the transition rates, differently from other approaches in the literature. The resulting conditions are converted into the second‐order matrix polynomial of the unknown transition rates. The polynomial can be represented as quadratic form of vectorized identity matrices scaled by one and the unknown transition rates. And then, the LMI conditions are obtained from the quadratic form. Also, an optimization problem is formulated to find the largest estimate of the domain of attraction in mean square sense of the closed‐loop systems. Finally, two numerical examples are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the derived stabilization conditions. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dynamic Aspects of Pre-Soft Contact Lens Tear Film and Their Relation to Dry Eye: Basic Science and Clinical Relevance

Soft contact lens (SCL) perturbs the intimate connection between the pre-lens tear film (PLTF) and the ocular surface in various ways, i.e., (i) decrease in tear meniscus radius and aqueous tear thickness, (ii) attenuation of tear film lipid layer spread, (iii) limited wettability of SCL surface, (iv) increased friction with eyelid wiper, etc. This often results in SCL-related dry eye (SCLRDE) manifested as PLTF instability and contact lens discomfort (CLD). In this review, the individual contributions of factors (i–iv) to PLTF breakup patterns (BUP) and CLD are considered via the tear film-oriented diagnosis framework adopted by the Asia Dry Eye Society from a clinical and basic science perspective. It is shown that SCLRDE (due to aqueous deficiency, increased evaporation, or decreased wettability) and BUP of PLTF classify within the same types as the ones observed for the precorneal tear film. The analysis of PLTF dynamics reveals that the inclusion of SCL enhances the manifestation of BUP associated with (i) decreased thickness of PLTF aqueous layer and (ii) limited SCL wettability as shown by the rapid expansion of BUP area. PLTF thinness and instability result in increased blink-related friction and lid wiper epitheliopathy as major contributor to CLD.
A correlated queue with infinitely many servers

This work analyses a queueing mechanism with infinitely many servers in which the interarrival interval T preceding the arrival of a customer and his service time S are assumed correlated. A bivariate distribution with negative exponential marginals is used and the Laplace transforms pn (z) of the system probabilities in transient state are obtained. Closed-form expressions for the steady-state probabilities pn and their moments are given too. Finally the output process is investigated and conclusions are drawn from numerical calculations.
Cross correlations and cross spectra for spaced antenna wind profilers: 2. Algorithms to estimate wind and turbulence

In part 1 of this paper we developed analytic relationships linking the cross correlation and cross spectrum of the echoes from a spaced antenna system to the properties of a horizontally isotropic scattering medium (e.g., clear‐air refractive index irregularities) and the background flow (e.g., laminar or isotropic turbulent flow). Using these analytic expressions, in the present paper, part 2, we construct algorithms (for both the time domain and frequency domain) for extracting unbiased wind and turbulence estimates. We derive a condition under which one can ignore turbulence when computing winds from the time delay to the peak of the cross‐correlation functions. We show profiles of the horizontal wind and turbulence based on these algorithms using data from the unique 33‐cm wavelength spaced antenna wind profiler developed by the National Center for Atmospheric Research.
Digital Image Compression using Hybrid Transform with Kekre Transform and Other Orthogonal Transforms

This paper presents image compression technique using hybrid transform. Concept of hybrid wavelet transform can be extended to generate hybrid transform. In hybrid wavelet transform first few rows represent global features of an image and remaining rows represent local features of an image. In Hybrid wavelet matrix rows contributing to global characteristics can be varied. In the limiting case by taking kronecker product of to orthogonal component transforms, hybrid transform is generated where all rows of transform matrix represent global features and no local features are present. This hybrid transform matrix is then applied on color image. High frequency contents of transformed image are eliminated and only low frequency contents are retained to get compressed image. RMSE is calculated at different compression ratios to check the performance of hybrid transforms. Various orthogonal transforms like DCT,Walsh, Slant, Hartley, Real-DFT and DST are combined with Kekre transform to generate hybrid transforms. DKT-DCT gives better image quality and lower RMSE than other pairs formed with DKT. Component size 32-8 i.e.32x32(Kekre Transform) and 8x8 (DCT) gives best results than other possible size combinations like 8-32,16-16 and 64-4.
Diagnosis and non-operative treatment of medial collateral ligament

Medial collateral ligament (MCL) injury is a common knee injury, particularly in young soccer players. This study introduces epidemiological statistics anatomy, and mechanisms of MCL, and analyzes some diagnostic methods and treatments. For diagnosis, physical examination and imaging are utilized, with the physical examination focusing on specific tests, such as the laxity test and valgus stress test, that can help us to grade the injury. The imaging of MRI is a golden indicator for the diagnosis, allowing for grading of injury and better determination of whether to proceed with surgical or non-surgical treatment. The treatments include limiting inflammation and pain, promoting healing, restoring range of motion, strengthening muscle, agility and proprioception, and incorporating functional training. Overview of the effectiveness of non-surgical treatment of MCL and the differences between it and post-operative treatment. The main difference is non-operative rehab in the time to carry out the weight bearing, and the post-operative is required in 4 weeks after surgery, the non-operative is started tolerating as early as possible after the injury. When dealing with MCL injuries, it is suggested to consider the mechanism of injury, and choose the proper rehabilitation methods thoroughly.
Abnormal intra- and inter-network functional connectivity of brain networks in early-onset Parkinson’s disease and late-onset Parkinson’s disease

Objective The purpose of this study is to look into the altered functional connectivity of brain networks in Early-Onset Parkinson’s Disease (EOPD) and Late-Onset Parkinson’s Disease (LOPD), as well as their relationship to clinical symptoms. Methods A total of 50 patients with Parkinson’ disease (28 EOPD and 22 LOPD) and 49 healthy controls (25 Young Controls and 24 Old Controls) were admitted to our study. Employing independent component analysis, we constructed the brain networks of EOPD and Young Controls, LOPD and Old Controls, respectively, and obtained the functional connectivity alterations in brain networks. Results Cerebellar network (CN), Sensorimotor Network (SMN), Executive Control Network (ECN), and Default Mode Network (DMN) were selected as networks of interest. Compared with their corresponding health controls, EOPD showed increased functional connectivity within the SMN and ECN and no abnormalities of inter-network functional connectivity were found, LOPD demonstrated increased functional connectivity within the ECN while decreased functional connectivity within the CN. Furthermore, in LOPD, functional connectivity between the SMN and DMN was increased. The functional connectivity of the post-central gyrus within the SMN in EOPD was inversely correlated with the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale Part III scores. Age, age of onset, and MMSE scores are significantly different between EOPD and LOPD (p < 0.05). Conclusion There is abnormal functional connectivity of networks in EOPD and LOPD, which could be the manifestation of the associated pathological damage or compensation.
Gaussian mixture modeling of acceleration-derived signal for monitoring external physical load of tennis player

Introduction: With the widespread use of wearable sensors, various methods to evaluate external physical loads using acceleration signals measured by inertial sensors in sporting activities have been proposed. Acceleration-derived external physical loads have been evaluated as a simple indicator, such as the mean or cumulative values of the target interval. However, such a conventional simplified indicator may not adequately represent the features of the external physical load in sporting activities involving various movement intensities. Therefore, we propose a method to evaluate the external physical load of tennis player based on the histogram of acceleration-derived signal obtained from wearable inertial sensors. Methods: Twenty-eight matches of 14 male collegiate players and 55 matches of 55 male middle-aged players wore sportswear-type wearable sensors during official tennis matches. The norm of the three-dimensional acceleration signal measured using the wearable sensor was smoothed, and the rest period (less than 0.3 G of at least 5 s) was excluded. Because the histogram of the processed acceleration signal showed a bimodal distribution, for example, high- and low-intensity peaks, a Gaussian mixture model was fitted to the histogram, and the model parameters were obtained to characterize the bimodal distribution of the acceleration signal for each player. Results: Among the obtained Gaussian mixture model parameters, the linear discrimination analysis revealed that the mean and standard deviation of the high-intensity side acceleration value accurately classified collegiate and middle-aged players with 93% accuracy; however, the conventional method (only the overall mean) showed less accurate classification results (63%). Conclusion: The mean and standard deviation of the high-intensity side extracted by the Gaussian mixture modeling is found to be the effective parameter representing the external physical load of tennis players. The histogram-based feature extraction of the acceleration-derived signal that exhibit multimodal distribution may provide a novel insight into monitoring external physical load in other sporting activities.
Trust and communication as predictors of marital intimacy among individuals in dual-earner marriages

Every year, the labor force grows, owing to an increase in the number of women employed and dual-earner couples, including in Indonesia. Individuals in dual-earner marriages face several problems, such as marital intimacy. This study aimed to investigate the role of trust and communication in marital intimacy among individuals in dual-earner marriages in Surabaya. Participants in this study were 103 individuals in dual-earner marriages in Surabaya, chosen using the convenience sampling technique. This study used three scales: Trust Scale, Communication Scale, and Personal Assessment of Intimacy in Relationship (PAIR) Inventory. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the data. The results show trust and communication contributed significantly to marital intimacy, with the total effective contribution of the two variables being 74 percent. Trust contributed bigger than that of communication, 68.7 percent and 5.3 percent, respectively. This study concludes that trust and communication simultaneously and partially play a significant role in marital intimacy among individuals in dual-earner marriages in Surabaya. Therefore, to maintain marital intimacy, individuals in dual-earner marriages need to develop trust in their husband or wife.
Studies on the Heat Transfer of Impinging Jet : 1st Report, Mass Transfer for Two-Dimensional Jet of Air Impinging Normally on a Flat Plate

An investigation on the mass transfer for a two-dimensional jet of air impinging normally on a flat plate was undertaken. Results are summarized as follows. (1) Sherwood numbers at the stagnation point obtained experimentally are about twice those predicted by theory. This fact is due to the turbulence of jet itself. (2) By assuming the flow field on a plate simulated by the wall jet having an imaginary slot at the stagnation point and by applying Myer's theory concerning the heat transfer of the wall jet, we obtained the theoretical prediction for local Sherwood numbersm which agree well with experimental data. (3) Gardon's postulate that mean Sherwood number is correlated by the arrival Reynolds number was checked by the present experiment and discussed under the theoretical background.
The concept of accessibility: A search for an operational form

Ingram D. R. (1971) The concept of accessibility: A search for an operational form, Reg. Studies 5, 101–107. The importance of the concept of accessibility in the literature of urban studies requires that a method be found of describing quantitatively the accessibility at a point. The paper is concerned with, firstly, a set of definitions related to the concept of accessibility. A distinction is made between the relative accessibility between two points and the integral, or total, accessibility at a point. Secondly, various operational forms of these definitions are illustrated with reference to the Hamilton, Ontario, urban area. The derivation of the various measures that are developed is discussed. A measure based on the normal, or Gaussian curve is recommended as the most suitable form for determining the integral accessibility at a given point.
The evaluation of density and diffusion properties in hydrogen/oxygen mixture modelled by Lennard-Jones fluid

This paper examines the satisfaction of the principle of corresponding states (PCS) on thepressure–density–temperature relation and the binary diffusion coefficient of hydrogen/oxygen mixture modelled as binary Lennard–Jones (LJ) fluid especially in a supercritical region. The hydrogen/oxygen mixture properties were computed by molecular dynamics simulation and compared with simulation results for a nitrogen/oxygen mixture as well as while using the Peng–Robinson (PR) equation of state (EOS) for both mixture types and a mono-component LJ-EOS. The Fuller–Schettler–Giddings model with the PR-EOS and Takahashi’s EOS were used for binary diffusion coefficient comparison. The pseudocritical point concept of a fluid mixture was applied for PCS reduction and PCS satisfaction was conducted over a wide temperature range above the pseudocritical pressure with changing hydrogen molar fraction. PCS satisfaction for hydrogen/oxygen mixture properties was confirmed at reduced temperature of 1.5 or above. At reduced temperature of 1.0 or below, the hydrogen/oxygen mixture properties disagree with those of the comparison mixture because phase separation occurs. We conclude that the properties of hydrogen/oxygen mixtures can be estimated using the pseudocritical point concept and the investigated EOSs based on the PCS in the supercritical region at reduced temperature of1.5 or above. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
First-principles study of the amorphous In_{3}SbTe_{2} phase change compound

Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations based on density functional theory were performed to generate amorphous models of the phase change compound In3SbTe2 by quenching from the melt. In-Sb and In-Te are the most abundant bonds with only a minor fraction of Sb-Te bonds. The bonding geometry in the amorphous phase is, however, strongly dependent on the density in the range 6.448–5.75 g/cm3 that we investigated. While at high density the bonding geometry of In atoms is mostly octahedral-like as in the cubic crystalline phase of the ternary compound In3SbTe2, at low density we observed a sizable fraction of tetrahedral-like geometries similar to those present in the crystalline phase of the two binary compounds InTe and InSb that the ternary system can be thought to be made of. We show that the different ratio between octahedral-like and tetrahedral-like bonding geometries has fingerprints in the optical and vibrational spectra.
Artificial intelligence adoption in supply chain risk management: Scale development and validation

Artificial Intelligence (AI) can play an important role in the post-Covid-19 world to proactively enable the identification, assessment, and mitigation of supply chain risks as well as provide managerial insights for responding to those risks. There has been a growing interest among supply chain executives to adopt AI for Supply Chain Risk Management (SCRM). The purpose of this paper is to develop an instrument to assess and measure the factors influencing the adoption of AI in SCRM. The development of the instrument has been done in stages covering factor identification, item generation, pre-testing, pilot testing, and scale validation. Data has been collected through a survey of supply chain executives, risk professionals, and AI consultants across manufacturing, wholesale trade, retail trade, and services industries in India. The questionnaire has been pre-tested based on interviews with nine industry experts and two academicians. The scale has been assessed for reliability and validity using Confirmatory Factor Analysis. The scale generated consists of eight factors that are modeled as latent variables covering a total of twenty-eight items. The systematic approach followed resulted in a scale fulfilling a need for the creation of an empirically validated instrument for AI adoption studies in the field of SCRM. This instrument can be used by supply chain executives and researchers to examine and measure factors that influence the adoption of AI in SCRM for the selected industries.
Causal inference from 2K factorial designs by using potential outcomes

A framework for causal inference from two‐level factorial designs is proposed, which uses potential outcomes to define causal effects. The paper explores the effect of non‐additivity of unit level treatment effects on Neyman's repeated sampling approach for estimation of causal effects and on Fisher's randomization tests on sharp null hypotheses in these designs. The framework allows for statistical inference from a finite population, permits definition and estimation of estimands other than ‘average factorial effects’ and leads to more flexible inference procedures than those based on ordinary least squares estimation from a linear model.
Jacobi sensor arrangement for maximum array directivity

The problem is, given n sensors or sources, to find the arrangement, the weights, and the delays necessary to maximize the array directivity. The likely solution is a vanishingly short equispaced linear array with symmetrical weights and regular delay increments, intended for signals at endfire. For such an array it is proved that the necessary angular pattern is specified by a Jacobi polynomial, and that directivity is equal to n2. There is much discussion on the meaning of this result, including the differences on changing to two dimensions. The design methods for practical arrays are discussed.
Comparative Transcriptome and Metabolome Analyses of Broccoli Germplasms with Purple and Green Curds Reveal the Structural Genes and Transitional Regulators Regulating Color Formation

Owing to the high anthocyanin content, broccoli varieties with purple curds have become more popular in food inventories, while the genetic mechanisms of anthocyanin biosynthesis pathways remain largely unknown. We bred a pair of near-isogenic lines (NILs), GB767 and PB767, whose curds exhibited green and purple colors, respectively, due to the purple sepals of florets. RNA sequencing and widely targeted metabolic analyses were conducted. Compared with GB767, eighteen anthocyanin biosynthesis-related genes exhibited significantly higher expressions in PB767, and in turn, the expression level of BolMYBL2.1 was attenuated. A comparison of the metabolites in the flavonoid biosynthetic pathways revealed 142 differentially accumulated metabolites, among which higher content of anthocyanins was responsible for the purple color of PB767. Interestingly, the total cyanidin contents were similar between the curds of NILs, whereas total delphinidin contents were increased by more than 170 times in purple curds, presumably due to a non-canonical F3′H/CYP75B gene, BolC02g015480.2J, with elevated expression in PB767. Furthermore, correlation analysis further confirmed that the identified nineteen DEGs were significantly correlated with seven differentially accumulated anthocyanins in PB767. Together, these results identified the metabolic factors and genes that contribute to the purplish curds, which could lay foundations for the breeding programs of purple broccoli.
Long-Term Administration of LL-37 Can Induce Irreversible Rosacea-like Lesion

Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disease whose late manifestations have not yet been clearly reported in animal models. The objective of this study is to describe the skin lesions and major histopathological changes in a rosacea-like phenotype in mice induced by prolonged LL-37 administration and furthermore, to assess the potential of long-term LL-37 administration in inducing irreversible rosacea-like skin lesion models. Balb/c mice were continuously injected intradermally with LL-37 every 12 h to induce a rosacea-like phenotype. After LL-37 injections were administered for 20 consecutive days, the area of rosacea-like lesions gradually expanded in the first 13 days, then entered a stable phase. Haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Van Gieson’s staining showed a high degree of inflammatory cell aggregation, thickening of the epidermis and dermis, and collagen deposition in large quantities. The results of immunofluorescence staining and Western blotting showed that the expression of α-SMA, TNF-α, vimentin, and COL1 in the skin of mice was significantly upregulated. Short-term LL-37 administration induced rosacea-like lesions that only featured the aggregation of inflammatory factors and thickening of the epidermis, whereas no collagen hyperplasia was observed, and a full recovery was noticed. However, rosacea-like skin lesions induced by long-term LL-37 administration did not completely recover. Our study compares rosacea-like lesions induced by short-term versus long-term LL-37 administration, and the results suggest that irreversible rosacea-like lesions can be induced by long-term LL-37 administration.
Chemical evolution of the orion association. I. The oxygen abundance of main-sequence B stars

Oxygen abundances are presented from LTE and non-LTE analyses of O II lines in spectra of 18 B mainsequence stars of the four subgroups comprising the Orion association. The lowest abundances are found in the oldest subgroups (Ia and Ib). The youngest subgroup Id, the Trapezium cluster, and some stars of the slightly older Ic subgroup seem to have an abundance that is up to about 40% higher. It is suggested that this enrichment resulted from the mixing of supernovae ejecta from the Ic subgroup with those adjacent portions of the dense molecular cloud that subsequently collapsed to form the Trapezium cluster