Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Electrochemical Sensing of Gallic Acid in Beverages Using a 3D Bio-Nanocomposite Based on Carbon Nanotubes/Spongin-Atacamite

Gallic acid (GA) is one of the most important polyphenols, being widely used in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries due to its biological effects such as antioxidant, antibacterial, anticancer, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and cardioprotective properties. Hence, simple, fast, and sensitive determination of GA is of particular importance. Considering the fact that GA is an electroactive compound, electrochemical sensors offer great potential for GA quantitation due to their fast response time, high sensitivity, and ease of use. A simple, fast, and sensitive GA sensor was fabricated on the basis of a high-performance bio-nanocomposite using spongin as a natural 3D polymer, atacamite, and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The developed sensor showed an excellent response toward GA oxidation with remarkable electrochemical features due to the synergistic effects of 3D porous spongin and MWCNTs, which provide a large surface area and enhance the electrocatalytic activity of atacamite. At optimal conditions by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), a good linear relationship was obtained between peak currents and GA concentrations in a wild linear range of 500 nM to 1 mM. Subsequently, the proposed sensor was used to detect GA in red wine as well as in green and black tea, confirming its great potential as a reliable alternative to conventional methods for GA determination.
Small-Molecule Inhibition of MuRF1 Prevents Early Disuse-Induced Diaphragmatic Dysfunction and Atrophy

In clinical conditions such as diaphragm paralysis or mechanical ventilation, disuse-induced diaphragmatic dysfunction (DIDD) is a condition that poses a threat to life. MuRF1 is a key E3-ligase involved in regulating skeletal muscle mass, function, and metabolism, which contributes to the onset of DIDD. We investigated if the small-molecule mediated inhibition of MuRF1 activity (MyoMed-205) protects against early DIDD after 12 h of unilateral diaphragm denervation. Wistar rats were used in this study to determine the compound’s acute toxicity and optimal dosage. For potential DIDD treatment efficacy, diaphragm contractile function and fiber cross-sectional area (CSA) were evaluated. Western blotting investigated potential mechanisms underlying MyoMed-205’s effects in early DIDD. Our results indicate 50 mg/kg bw MyoMed-205 as a suitable dosage to prevent early diaphragmatic contractile dysfunction and atrophy following 12 h of denervation without detectable signs of acute toxicity. Mechanistically, treatment did not affect disuse-induced oxidative stress (4-HNE) increase, whereas phosphorylation of (ser632) HDAC4 was normalized. MyoMed-205 also mitigated FoxO1 activation, inhibited MuRF2, and increased phospho (ser473) Akt protein levels. These findings may suggest that MuRF1 activity significantly contributes to early DIDD pathophysiology. Novel strategies targeting MuRF1 (e.g., MyoMed-205) have potential therapeutic applications for treating early DIDD.
THE SECOND-ORDER REGULAR VARIATION OF ORDER STATISTICS

Let X1, …, Xn be non-negative, independent and identically distributed random variables with a common distribution function F, and denote by X1:n ≤ ··· ≤ Xn:n the corresponding order statistics. In this paper, we investigate the second-order regular variation (2RV) of the tail probabilities of Xk:n and Xj:n − Xi:n under the assumption that $\bar {F}$ is of the 2RV, where 1 ≤ k ≤ n and 1 ≤ i < j ≤ n.
Social Support, Identity Affirmation, and Psychological Well-Being: A Developmental and Intersectional Comparison between Italian Cisgender and Non-Binary People with Bisexual Orientation

Incorporating the perspectives of positive psychology, intersectionality, and life course into minority stress theory, this study aimed to examine the relationships between social support, identity affirmation, and psychological well-being among 483 Italian individuals with bisexual orientation, accounting for differences in gender identity (cisgender vs. non-binary) and age groups (young, early, and middle adult). A mediation model was tested in which identity affirmation served as a presumed mediator between social support and psychological well-being. We also examined whether gender identity and age group moderated the hypothesized associations. Multivariate ANOVA and multigroup mediation analyses were conducted. Results showed that (a) cisgender individuals had higher social support and psychological well-being than non-binary individuals, but not identity affirmation, which was higher in the latter group, (b) psychological well-being, but not social support and identity affirmation, differed between groups, with the youngest cohort reporting worse health than their elders, (c) identity affirmation mediated the relationship between social support and psychological well-being, (d) mediation was significant only in binary individuals (compared to cisgender), whereas no age differences were found. Overall, this study highlights the need to consider bisexual individuals as a nonhomogeneous population living multiple life experiences, especially when minority identities intersect.
Optical Thickness Measurement of Thin Transparent Films on Silicon

The thickness of thin transparent films on reflecting substrates is determined by an interference technique using a spectrophotometer. The method is rapid, routine, nondestructive, and precise to ±100 A for layers over 1000 A thick. An empirical calibration is presented for the case of oxide layers on silicon, avoiding errors due to the dispersion of the oxide.
Direct measurement of quasiparticle-lifetime broadening in a strong-coupled superconductor

We have measured the quasiparticle recombination time in the strong-coupled superconductor Pb/sub 0.9/Bi/sub 0.1/ directly by measuring the lifetime-broadened energy gap edge. This is done by measuring the I-V characteristics of a superconducting tunnel junction of the type Pb/sub 0.9/Bi/sub 0.1/-insulator- Pb/sub 0.9/Bi/sub 0.1/. Agreement with the calculated value is excellent.
Perspectives on the Use of Biopolymeric Matrices as Carriers for Plant-Growth Promoting Bacteria in Agricultural Systems

The subject of this review is to discuss some aspects related to the use of biopolymeric matrices as carriers for plant-growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) in agricultural systems as a possible technological solution for the establishment of agricultural production practices that result in fewer adverse impacts on the environment, reporting some promising and interesting results on the topic. Results from the encapsulation of different PGPB on alginate, starch, chitosan, and gelatin matrices are discussed, systematizing some advances made in this area of knowledge in recent years. Encapsulation of these bacteria has been shown to be an effective method for protecting them from unsuitable environments, and these new products that can act as biofertilizers and biopesticides play an important role in the establishment of a sustainable and modern agriculture. These new products are technological solutions for replacing deleterious chemical fertilizers and pesticides, maintaining soil fertility and stability, and improving crop productivity and food security. Finally, in the near future, scale-up studies will have to provide new information about the large-scale production of these materials as well as their application in the field under different biotic and abiotic stress conditions.
Increased Expression of the Mitochondrial Glucocorticoid Receptor Enhances Tumor Aggressiveness in a Mouse Xenograft Model

Mitochondria are important organelles for cellular physiology as they generate most of the energy requirements of the cell and orchestrate many biological functions. Dysregulation of mitochondrial function is associated with many pathological conditions, including cancer development. Mitochondrial glucocorticoid receptor (mtGR) is proposed as a crucial regulator of mitochondrial functions via its direct involvement in the regulation of mitochondrial transcription, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), enzymes biosynthesis, energy production, mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis, and regulation of oxidative stress. Moreover, recent observations revealed the interaction of mtGR with the pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), a key player in the metabolic switch observed in cancer, indicating direct involvement of mtGR in cancer development. In this study, by using a xenograft mouse model of mtGR-overexpressing hepatocarcinoma cells, we showed increased mtGR-associated tumor growth, which is accompanied by reduced OXPHOS biosynthesis, reduction in PDH activity, and alterations in the Krebs cycle and glucose metabolism, metabolic alterations similar to those observed in the Warburg effect. Moreover, autophagy activation is observed in mtGR-associated tumors, which further support tumor progression via increased precursors availability. Thus, we propose that increased mitochondrial localization of mtGR is associated with tumor progression possible via mtGR/PDH interaction, which could lead to suppression of PDH activity and modulation of mtGR-induced mitochondrial transcription that ends up in reduced OXPHOS biosynthesis and reduced oxidative phosphorylation versus glycolytic pathway energy production, in favor of cancer cells.
A family of simple groups associated with the Satake diagrams

Abstract Using the theory of the Satake diagrams associated with the non-compact simple Lie algebras over the real number field R, we shall construct a family of simple groups over a field K which are called the simple groups associated with the Satake diagrams. The list of these simple groups includes all Chevalley groups and twisted groups, and all simple algebraic groups of adjoint type defined over R if K is the complex number field C (except two types given by Table II′). Furthermore, the simple groups associated with the Satake diagrams of type AIII, BI, DI are identified with the simple groups obtained from the unitary or orthogonal groups of non-zero indices. The quasi-Bruhat decomposition of the “non-split” simple groups associated with the Satake diagrams which are not Chevalley groups or twisted groups will be given in this paper.
THERMAL STABILITY AND ANNEALING OF COLUMNAR DEFECTS IN BI2SR2CA1CU2O8/AG SUPERCONDUCTOR

This work establishes the stability at elevated temperatures of columnar defects, artificially formed in the Bi‐based cupric oxide superconductor Bi2Sr2Ca1Cu2O8 for enhanced vortex pinning. Isochronal anneals, conducted in air, led to losses of critical current density in two stages. The defects were relatively stable up to ∼550 °C, where second stage annealing began; above this, the pinning diminished rapidly. The recrystallization and loss of columnar defects were corroborated by transmission electron microscopy.
Nutrition and Hydration for High-Altitude Alpinism: A Narrative Review

This report aims to summarise the scientific knowledge around hydration, nutrition, and metabolism at high altitudes and to transfer it into the practical context of extreme altitude alpinism, which, as far as we know, has never been considered before in the literature. Maintaining energy balance during alpine expeditions is difficult for several reasons and requires a deep understanding of human physiology and the biological basis for altitude acclimation. However, in these harsh conditions it is difficult to reconcile our current scientific knowledge in sports nutrition or even for mountaineering to high-altitude alpinism: extreme hypoxia, cold, and the logistical difficulties intrinsic to these kinds of expeditions are not considered in the current literature. Requirements for the different stages of an expedition vary dramatically with increasing altitude, so recommendations must differentiate whether the alpinist is at base camp, at high-altitude camps, or attempting the summit. This paper highlights nutritional recommendations regarding prioritising carbohydrates as a source of energy and trying to maintain a protein balance with a practical contextualisation in the extreme altitude environment in the different stages of an alpine expedition. More research is needed regarding specific macro and micronutrient requirements as well as the adequacy of nutritional supplementations at high altitudes.
Comprehensive analysis of BUBs gene family in lung adenocarcinoma with immunological analysis

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is one of the most commonly malignant tumors, and major challenges remain in the treatment of LUAD. Budding uninhibited by benzimidazole 1/3 (BUB1/3) play significant roles in the process of spindle-assembly checkpoint (SAC) during mitosis. However, their roles in LUAD have not been established. Here, we performed an immunological analysis of BUB1/3 in LUAD using a comprehensive bioinformatics approach, quantitative real-time-PCR and Western blotting technique. Our results indicated that the expression levels of BUB1 and BUB3 in LUAD samples were higher than the expression levels in the control groups and were associated with some clinicopathologic parameters in patients with LUAD. BUB1/3 and their related genes were enriched in cell immune, and the immune infiltration analysis revealed that the BUB1/3 expression profile was significantly correlated with characteristics of immune cell infiltration. Survival analysis showed that the disease-free survival and overall survival of patients with LUAD decreased with an increase in the BUB1/3 expression levels. The mRNA and protein expression levels of BUB1 and BUB3 in each of the LUAD cell lines were upregulated to varying degrees. BUB1 and BUB3 are the potential immunological therapeutic intervention targets for patients with LUAD.
Harmonic generation: Quantum-electrodynamical theory of the harmonic photon-number spectrum

Simulations of harmonic generation in the single-atom limit usually describe the harmonic radiation as proportional to the squared magnitude of the Fourier transform (FT) of the expectation value of either the dipole moment or the dipole acceleration. However, no derivation of an explicit single-atom representation of the typical experimental measurement (i.e., the number of harmonic photons produced versus the frequency of the harmonic) has been given. By means of the first principles of quantum electrodynamics a formula for this ``harmonic photon-number spectrum'' is derived, which is proportional to the double FT of the time-autocorrelation function of the dipole velocity of the whole system. Within the long-wavelength approximation the time-correlation function can be recast as the FT of the squared magnitude of the expectation value of the dipole velocity of a single representative atom.
Global stability of time-dependent flows: impulsively heated or cooled fluid layers

The method of energy is used to discuss the stability of time-dependent diffusive temperature profiles in fluid layers subject to impulsive changes in surface temperature. Bounds for the ratio of disturbance energy production to dissipation are found to be parametric functions of time because the basic temperature develops through diffusion. This time dependence leads to the demarcation of regions of stability in a Rayleigh number-time plane and the interpretation of these regions is given. Numerical results are presented for the cases of impulsive heating and cooling of initialty isothermal fluid layers. New global stability results which give the Rayleigh number below which the diffusive solution to the Boussinesq equations is unique are reported for these cases.
Nadir Prostate-specific Antigen as an Independent Predictor of Survival Outcomes: A Post Hoc Analysis of the PROSPER Randomized Clinical Trial

Purpose: This post hoc analysis of PROSPER evaluated the relationship between depth of PSA decline and clinical outcomes in enzalutamide-treated men with nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Materials and Methods: PROSPER was an international, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial that demonstrated significantly improved metastasis-free survival and overall survival with androgen deprivation therapy plus enzalutamide vs placebo. A total of 905 enzalutamide-treated men were included in this post hoc analysis. Metastasis-free survival (primary endpoint) and overall survival (secondary endpoint) were evaluated for 4 mutually exclusive subgroups defined by PSA decline: <50% (reference); ≥50% to <90%; ≥90%, nadir ≥0.2 ng/mL; and ≥90%, nadir <0.2 ng/mL. Medians and 95% confidence intervals were determined using a 12-month landmark analysis; hazard ratios and P values were based on an unstratified Cox proportional analysis model. Results: In enzalutamide-treated men, PSA declines of <50%, ≥50% to <90%, ≥90% with nadir ≥0.2 ng/mL, and ≥90% with nadir <0.2 ng/mL were associated with median metastasis-free survival in months (95% confidence intervals) of 22.1 (14.8-not reached), 34.2 (29.4-not reached), 36.6 (33.4-not reached), and not reached, respectively, and overall survival in months (95% confidence intervals) of 40.8 (31.7-44.9), 54.4 (49.0-67.0), 64.3 (63.4-not reached), and not reached, respectively. Conclusions: There was a statistically significant correlation between greater depth of PSA decline and improved clinical outcomes, suggesting a previously underappreciated relationship between changes in PSA levels and clinical outcomes in nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.
Ersteinschätzung von Patient*innen – Fokus Schmerzanamnese

Akute Schmerzen sind ein Hinweis des Körpers, dass etwas nicht in Ordnung ist. Durch diesen Reiz werden Empfindungen ausgelöst, welche dem Menschen die Möglichkeit geben zu interagieren 1 . Dieser Artikel befasst sich mit der präklinischen Schmerzanamnese in den verschiedenen Alters- und Patient*innengruppen und der Frage, warum eine strukturierte und vollständige Schmerzbeurteilung im Rettungsdienst einen derart wichtigen Stellenwert hat.
Impact study of volatility modelling of Bangladesh stock index using non-normal density

This article examines a wide variety of popular volatility models for stock index return, including the random walk (RW), autoregressive, generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (GARCH), and asymmetric GARCH models with normal and non-normal (Student's t and generalized error) distributional assumption. Fitting these models to the Chittagong stock index return data from the period 2 January 1999 to 29 December 2005, we found that the asymmetric GARCH/GARCH model fits better under the assumption of non-normal distribution than under normal distribution. Non-parametric specification tests show that the RW-GARCH, RW-TGARCH, RW-EGARCH, and RW-APARCH models under the Student's t-distributional assumption are significant at the 5% level. Finally, the study suggests that these four models are suitable for the Chittagong Stock Exchange of Bangladesh. We believe that this study would be of great benefit to investors and policy makers at home and abroad.
An immersed boundary method for simulation of inviscid compressible flows

In this paper, an immersed boundary method for simulating inviscid compressible flows governed by Euler equations is presented. All the mesh points are classified as interior computed points, immersed boundary points (interior points closest to the solid boundary), and exterior points that are blanked out of computation. The flow variables at an immersed boundary point are determined via the approximate form of solution in the direction normal to the wall boundary. The normal velocity is evaluated by applying the no‐penetration boundary condition, and therefore, the influence of solid wall in the inviscid flow is taken into account. The pressure is computed with the local simplified momentum equation, and the density and the tangential velocity are evaluated by using the constant‐entropy relation and the constant‐total‐enthalpy relation, respectively. With a local coordinate system, the present method has been extended easily to the three‐dimensional case. The present work is the first endeavor to extend the idea of hybrid Cartesian/immersed boundary approach to compressible inviscid flows. The tedious task of handling multi‐valued points can be eliminated, and the overshoot resulting from the extrapolation for the evaluation of flow variables at exterior points can also be avoided. In order to validate the present method, inviscid compressible flows over fixed and moving bodies have been simulated. All the obtained numerical results show good agreement with available data in the literature. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Safety and Efficacy of Buprenorphine-Naloxone in Pregnancy: A Systematic Review of the Literature

The prevalence of opioid use among pregnant people has been increasing over the past few decades, with a parallel increase in the rate of neonatal abstinence syndrome. Opioid agonist treatment (OAT) including methadone and buprenorphine is the recommended management method for opioid use disorders during pregnancy. Methadone has been extensively studied during pregnancy; however, buprenorphine was introduced in the early 2000s with limited data on the use of different preparations during pregnancy. Buprenorphine-naloxone has been incorporated into routine practice; however, only a few studies have investigated the use of this medication during pregnancy. To determine the safety and efficacy of this medication, we conducted a systematic review of maternal and neonatal outcomes among buprenorphine-naloxone-exposed pregnancies. The primary outcomes of interest were birth parameters, congenital anomalies, and severity of neonatal abstinence syndrome. Secondary maternal outcomes included the OAT dose and substance use at delivery. Seven studies met the inclusion criteria. Buprenorphine-naloxone doses ranged between 8 and 20 mg, and there was an associated reduction of opioid use during pregnancy. There were no significant differences in gestational age at delivery, birth parameters, or prevalence of congenital anomalies between buprenorphine-naloxone-exposed neonates and those exposed to methadone, buprenorphine monotherapy, illicit opioids, or no opioids. In studies comparing buprenorphine-naloxone to methadone, there were reduced rates of neonatal abstinence syndrome requiring pharmacotherapy. These studies demonstrate that buprenorphine-naloxone is a safe and effective opioid agonist treatment for pregnant people with OUD. Further large-scale, prospective data collection is required to confirm these findings. Patients and clinicians may be reassured about the use of buprenorphine-naloxone during pregnancy.
A Multilevel Monte Carlo Approach for a Stochastic Optimal Control Problem Based on the Gradient Projection Method

A multilevel Monte Carlo (MLMC) method is applied to simulate a stochastic optimal problem based on the gradient projection method. In the numerical simulation of the stochastic optimal control problem, the approximation of expected value is involved, and the MLMC method is used to address it. The computational cost of the MLMC method and the convergence analysis of the MLMC gradient projection algorithm are presented. Two numerical examples are carried out to verify the effectiveness of our method.