Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stress Conditions Modulate the Chromatin Interactions Network in Arabidopsis

Stresses have been known to cause various responses like cellular physiology, gene regulation, and genome remodeling in the organism to cope and survive. Here, we assessed the impact of stress conditions on the chromatin-interactome network of Arabidopsis thaliana. We identified thousands of chromatin interactions in native as well as in salicylic acid treatment and high temperature conditions in a genome-wide fashion. Our analysis revealed the definite pattern of chromatin interactions and stress conditions could modulate the dynamics of chromatin interactions. We found the heterochromatic region of the genome actively involved in the chromatin interactions. We further observed that the establishment or loss of interactions in response to stress does not result in the global change in the expression profile of interacting genes; however, interacting regions (genes) containing motifs for known TFs showed either lower expression or no difference than non-interacting genes. The present study also revealed that interactions preferred among the same epigenetic state (ES) suggest interactions clustered the same ES together in the 3D space of the nucleus. Our analysis showed that stress conditions affect the dynamics of chromatin interactions among the chromatin loci and these interaction networks govern the folding principle of chromatin by bringing together similar epigenetic marks.
miR-18a-3p and Its Target Protein HuR May Regulate Myogenic Differentiation in Immune-Mediated Necrotizing Myopathy

Immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM) is characterized by manifestation of myonecrosis and regeneration of muscle fibers; however, the underlying pathogenesis remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of miR-18a-3p and its target RNA-binding protein HuR in IMNM. HuR and miR-18a-3p levels were detected in the skeletal muscles of 18 patients with IMNM using quantitative reverse-transcription real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting analysis. Human myoblasts were transfected with small interfering RNA targeting HuR and miR-18a-3p mimic or inhibitor. Myogenic differentiation markers, myogenin and myosin heavy chain, were analyzed by qRT-PCR, western blotting analysis, and immunofluorescence staining. The results showed that miR-18a-3p was upregulated (p=0.0002), whereas HuR was downregulated (p=0.002) in the skeletal muscles of patients with IMNM. The expression of miR-18a-3p in patients with IMNM was negatively correlated with those of HuR (r = -0.512, p = 0.029). We also found that disease activity was positively correlated with HuR expression (r = 0.576, p = 0.012) but muscle activity was negatively correlated with miR-18a-3p expression (r = -0.550, p = 0.017). Besides, bioinformatics analysis and dual-luciferase reporter assays suggested that miR-18a-3p could directly target HuR. Cellular experiments showed that overexpression of miR-18a-3p inhibited myogenic differentiation by targeting HuR, whereas inhibition of miR-18a-3p led to opposite results. Therefore, miR-18a-3p and its target protein HuR may be responsible for modulating the myogenic process in IMNM and can thus be therapeutic targets for the same.
Exploiting High-Throughput Indoor Phenotyping to Characterize the Founders of a Structured B. napus Breeding Population

Phenotyping is considered a significant bottleneck impeding fast and efficient crop improvement. Similar to many crops, Brassica napus, an internationally important oilseed crop, suffers from low genetic diversity, and will require exploitation of diverse genetic resources to develop locally adapted, high yielding and stress resistant cultivars. A pilot study was completed to assess the feasibility of using indoor high-throughput phenotyping (HTP), semi-automated image processing, and machine learning to capture the phenotypic diversity of agronomically important traits in a diverse B. napus breeding population, SKBnNAM, introduced here for the first time. The experiment comprised 50 spring-type B. napus lines, grown and phenotyped in six replicates under two treatment conditions (control and drought) over 38 days in a LemnaTec Scanalyzer 3D facility. Growth traits including plant height, width, projected leaf area, and estimated biovolume were extracted and derived through processing of RGB and NIR images. Anthesis was automatically and accurately scored (97% accuracy) and the number of flowers per plant and day was approximated alongside relevant canopy traits (width, angle). Further, supervised machine learning was used to predict the total number of raceme branches from flower attributes with 91% accuracy (linear regression and Huber regression algorithms) and to identify mild drought stress, a complex trait which typically has to be empirically scored (0.85 area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, random forest classifier algorithm). The study demonstrates the potential of HTP, image processing and computer vision for effective characterization of agronomic trait diversity in B. napus, although limitations of the platform did create significant variation that limited the utility of the data. However, the results underscore the value of machine learning for phenotyping studies, particularly for complex traits such as drought stress resistance.
Cytoadherence Properties of Plasmodium knowlesi-Infected Erythrocytes

Plasmodium knowlesi is responsible for zoonotic malaria infections that are potentially fatal. While the severe pathology of falciparum malaria is associated with cytoadherence phenomena by Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes (IRBC), information regarding cytoadherence properties of P. knowlesi-IRBC remained scarce. Here, we characterized the cytoadherence properties of RBC infected with the laboratory-adapted P. knowlesi A1-H.1 strain. We found that late-stage IRBC formed rosettes in a human serum-dependent manner, and rosettes hampered IRBC phagocytosis. IRBC did not adhere much to unexposed (unstimulated) human endothelial cell lines derived from the brain (hCMEC/D3), lungs (HPMEC), and kidneys (HRGEC). However, after being “primed” with P. knowlesi culture supernatant, the IRBC-endothelial cytoadherence rate increased in HPMEC and HRGEC, but not in hCMEC/D3 cells. Both endothelial cytoadherence and rosetting phenomena were abrogated by treatment of P. knowlesi-IRBC with trypsin. We also found that different receptors were involved in IRBC cytoadherence to different types of endothelial cells. Although some of the host receptors were shared by both P. falciparum- and P. knowlesi-IRBC, the availability of glycoconjugates on the receptors might influence the capacity of P. knowlesi-IRBC to cytoadhere to these receptors.
Versatile and Targeted Validation of Space-Borne XCO2, XCH4 and XCO Observations by Mobile Ground-Based Direct-Sun Spectrometers

Satellite measurements of the atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and carbon monoxide (CO) require careful validation. In particular for the greenhouse gases CO2 and CH4, concentration gradients are minute challenging the ultimate goal to quantify and monitor anthropogenic emissions and natural surface-atmosphere fluxes. The upcoming European Copernicus Carbon Monitoring mission (CO2M) will focus on anthropogenic CO2 emissions, but it will also be able to measure CH4. There are other missions such as the Sentinel-5 Precursor and the Sentinel-5 series that target CO which helps attribute the CO2 and CH4 variations to specific processes. Here, we review the capabilities and use cases of a mobile ground-based sun-viewing spectrometer of the type EM27/SUN. We showcase the performance of the mobile system for measuring the column-average dry-air mole fractions of CO2 (XCO2), CH4 (XCH4) and CO (XCO) during a recent deployment (Feb./Mar. 2021) in the vicinity of Japan on research vessel Mirai which adds to our previous campaigns on ships and road vehicles. The mobile EM27/SUN has the potential to contribute to the validation of 1) continental-scale background gradients along major ship routes on the open ocean, 2) regional-scale gradients due to continental outflow across the coast line, 3) urban or other localized emissions as mobile part of a regional network and 4) emissions from point sources. Thus, operationalizing the mobile EM27/SUN along these use cases can be a valuable asset to the validation activities for CO2M, in particular, and for various upcoming satellite missions in general.
Patterns and Predictors of Small Mammal Phylogenetic and Functional Diversity in Contrasting Elevational Gradients in Kenya

Mountains of the Afrotropics are global biodiversity hotspots and centers of speciation and endemism; however, very few studies have focused on the phylogenetic and functional dimensions of Afromontane small mammals. We investigated the patterns and mechanisms of small mammal phylogenetic and functional diversity and assembly along elevational gradients in Mount Kenya, the second highest mountain in Africa, and a contrasting low mountain range, Chyulu Hills. We sampled 24 200-m interval transects in both sites; 18 in Mt. Kenya (9 each in the windward side, Chogoria, and the leeward side, Sirimon) and 6 in Chyulu. We extracted the mitochondrial Cytochrome b gene to reconstruct a time-calibrated species tree for estimating phylogenetic diversity indices [phylogenetic richness (PD), mean nearest taxon distance (PDMNTD), and nearest taxon index (PDNTI)]. A functional trait data set was compiled from the field-recorded measurements and published data sets for estimating functional diversity indices [functional richness (FD), mean nearest taxon distance (FDMNTD), and nearest taxon index (FDNTI)]. Several environmental variables representing water-energy availability, primary habitat productivity, and topographic heterogeneity were used to estimate the predictive power of abiotic conditions on diversity variances using generalized linear and generalized additive regression models. The PD and FD peaked around mid-elevations in Mt. Kenya, unimodally increased or decreased in Chogoria and Sirimon, and monotonically increased in Chyulu. The divergence and community structure indices—PDMNTD, FDMNTD, and PDNTI and FDNTI—were relatively weakly associated with elevation. Overall, the tendency of assemblages to be phylogenetically and functionally closely related than expected by chance decreased with elevation in Mt. Kenya but increased in Chyulu. Across the indices, the annual precipitation and topographic ruggedness were the strongest predictors in Mt. Kenya, evapotranspiration and temperature seasonality were the strongest predictors in Chyulu, while temperature seasonality and terrain ruggedness overlapped as the strongest predictors in Chogoria and Sirimon in addition to annual precipitation in the latter and normalized difference vegetation index in the former. The observed contrasting trends in diversity distribution and the strongest predictors between elevational gradients are integral to the sustainable management of the high faunal biodiversity in tropical Afromontane ecosystems.
Natural Products Targeting Liver X Receptors or Farnesoid X Receptor

Nuclear receptors (NRs) are a superfamily of transcription factors induced by ligands and also function as integrators of hormonal and nutritional signals. Among NRs, the liver X receptors (LXRs) and farnesoid X receptor (FXR) have been of significance as targets for the treatment of metabolic syndrome-related diseases. In recent years, natural products targeting LXRs and FXR have received remarkable interests as a valuable source of novel ligands encompassing diverse chemical structures and bioactive properties. This review aims to survey natural products, originating from terrestrial plants and microorganisms, marine organisms, and marine-derived microorganisms, which could influence LXRs and FXR. In the recent two decades (2000–2020), 261 natural products were discovered from natural resources such as LXRs/FXR modulators, 109 agonists and 38 antagonists targeting LXRs, and 72 agonists and 55 antagonists targeting FXR. The docking evaluation of desired natural products targeted LXRs/FXR is finally discussed. This comprehensive overview will provide a reference for future study of novel LXRs and FXR agonists and antagonists to target human diseases, and attract an increasing number of professional scholars majoring in pharmacy and biology with more in-depth discussion.
Minimum Time Validation for Hybrid Task Planning

The problem of mixed discrete-continuous task planning for mechanical systems, such as aerial drones or other autonomous units, can often be treated as a sequence of point-to-point trajectories. The minimum time optimal solution be-tween points in the plan is critical not only for the calculation of the trajectory in cases where the goal has to be achieved quickly but also for the feasibility checking of the plan and the planning process itself, especially in the presence of deadlines and temporal constraints. In this paper, we address the minimum time problem for a second-order system with quadratic drag, under state (velocity) and control (acceleration) constraints. Closed-form expressions for the trajectory are derived and the optimality is proven using the Pon-tryagin Maximum Principle. Simulations supporting the re-sults are provided and compared with those of an open source academic optimal control solver.
A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE BIOGENIC SYNTHESIS OF TRANSITION METAL NANOPARTICLES ALONG WITH ITS APPLICATION AND STABILITY

Nanomaterial fabrication has been an extensive research area in the past decade, especially with managed morphologies side by side, having remarkable properties. Nowadays, naturally available substances and waste products from factories have built growing implementations in the Metal Oxide Nanoparticles (MONPs) synthesis because they can play multiple roles such as complexing agents, catalysts, capping agents, reducing agent, etc. Besides, plants, algae, fungi, yeast, virus, and bacteria are a green and safe way of creating MONPs concerning the traditional methods of using chemicals. This viewpoint includes several kinds of biogenic pathways that have been used to fabricate MONPs, the inclusion of their functions, and mechanism. This review consists of discussions of potential applications of MONPs derived from biogenic materials to store Energy, Remediation of nature, and bio-related sensors. Overall we intended to highlight the biogenic route to form transition MONPs and highlight future potentials, toxicity, and stability of MONPs.
A Short Literature Review on the Internet of Things: Research and Development Projects

- There have been cases, where projects implemented the technological innovation early upon after introduction, while the technology field was still new and knowledge was not matured. The projects were predicted to fail, since the technology was still undeveloped, and that prediction came true. The same downfall has been suspected to happen to the field of IoT as well. This paper carries information on measures that have been taken in the areas of research, innovation and deployment IoT Solutions, an overview of projects funded by the European commission such as the iCORE project, COMPOSE project, the SmartSantader project and the Open IoT project, and how the Thing Commandment principles can be implemented to ensure better deployment of IoT solutions leading to the success of IoT projects.
Design and Experimental Investigation of Exhaust Diffuser of Jet Engine Test Bed

The function of exhaust diffuser is to transform part of momentum energy of exhaust gases from engine into pressure energy to simulate actual exhaust back pressure and environment pressure. The exhaust diffuser is one of the most critical components in the exhaust system of altitude simulation test facility. It will decrease the velocity, temperature and noise level of hot gases with high velocity from test engine. This will help the gases enter injector (exhaust and pumping devise) smoothly or discharge to atmosphere. The design of exhaust diffuser is important to the proper configuration of lest engine. It is directly connected to simulation altitude, operation range and energy efficiency. Therefore, overall consideration must be taken in the design of exhaust diffuser.
Wind resistance tests for long-span steel truss bridges across gorges of mountainous area

Wind-resistant performances of long-span bridges become important issues in the design of long-span bridges due to complicated meteorological conditions in mountainous area that may have very negative impacts on long-span bridges. Selecting methods and results of wind parameters of bridges in a mountainous valley were firstly introduced here.Then,the process and results of section model tests of the two steel truss bridges were presented. Next,a series of optimization tests were conducted for the wind-induced vibration of the main beam. The analysis of all the optimization tests was made to select the best measure for vibration suppression. The study results not only met the requirements of bridge wind-resistance design,but also provided a reference and basis for the design of similar bridges in future.
In-flight calibration method for SINS

In view of engineering utility and maintenance, an in-flight calibration method for aircraft SINS was presented. It chooses the biases of gyro and accelerometer, the scale factor errors and basic errors of INS as state variables, and the GPS information as measuring base; it simulates a certain flight trajectory to excite the errors. It uses Kalman filter to estimate the errors to be calibrated. The result of Kalman filtering shows that all the errors are convergent and can be completely excited by the simulating trajectory. This system-level calibration approach doesn’t require the aircraft to do some special motions, so it can be easily implemented in projects. Moreover, the calibration and compensation can be achieved after each flight.
Volatility Forecasting Models in the Shanghai Stock Market:A Comparison

This paper examine the out of sample forecasting performance of various models for forecasting weekly Shanghai stock market volat ility,using daily data of the Shanghai Stock Exchange Composite index.The result s suggest that though the rankings of various model are shown to be sensitive to the choice of error statistic used to assess the accuracy of the forecasts,the e xponential smoothing model still provide superior forecasts of weekly volatility . However,there are no evidence supporting the superiorit of relatively complex G ARCH(1,1)model.
Waveform Design of Arbitrary Spectrum Structure for Continuous-Chaos Frequency-Modulating Radar

The transmitted signal of continuous-chaos frequency-modulating signal(CCFMS) radar uses continuous chaotic signal to realize frequency modulation.It has performances approaching to those of noise frequency-modulating signal and can avoid the assumptions(e.g.,infinite pulse duration,frequency jump) in discrete frequency-modulating design.Base on chaotic dynamical analysis,a waveform design method of CCFMS radar is proposed.Based on the dynamical model of CCFMS,the proposed method designs the time scaled function and outputs the target waveform with arbitrary spectrum structure by modulating the frequency of Colpitts circuit,which is working in sinusoidal oscillation state.Detailed design steps are given with a concrete design example,and design performances are analyzed.Simulation results verify the validity and feasibility of the proposed method.
Discussion on research and development models in innovative Chinese materia medica

The innovation of Chinese materia medica(CMM) is the soul of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) modernization and internationalization.The application of modern theories and techniques in life sciences and medicine to innovative CMM research remains to be an urgent issue to be solved in TCM research area.This paper summarizes and generalizes six main RD models for CMM innovation according to the nearly one century of history and experiences accumulated in TCM research in China and referencing to the idea and philosophy of natural product study in Western countries as well.The nomenclature of these models is based on several successful drug discovery examples in TCM,such as the artemisinin model,the culture medium model,the GBE761-Veregen model,the PHY906 model,the Compound Danshen Dripping Pills model,and the PC-SPES model.The application,characteristics,advantages,disadvantages,and the development prospect of each model in TCM RD have been reviewed.
Primary Antiphospholipid Syndrome with Thrombocytopenia in the Second Pregnancy: A Case Report

Primary antiphospholipid syndrome (PAPS) is a multiple system clinical syndrome caused only by antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). Currently, patients with typical clinical manifestations in recurrent miscarriage have been widely screened for the disease get diagnosed. We present a case of PAPS with thrombocytopenia in the second pregnancy, had thrombosis twice without habitual abortion occurring in a 34-year-old Chinese patient. She had discovered thrombosis in the lower limbs 9 years and 6 years ago, gave birth to a healthy baby boy four years ago without a history of miscarriage. There was no other cause for thrombocytopenia in the middle-late stages in this pregnancy. Cesarean section immediately after diagnosis, a healthy 3200g male baby was delivered. Our case shows that the PAPS should be considered when only occurring thrombocytopenia and thrombosis, without typical symptoms such as recurrent miscarriage. Annals of Case Reports Li R and Yue Q. Ann Case Report 6: 723. www.doi. org/10.29011/2574-7754.100723 www.gavinpublishers. com
Real-time lifetime prediction method for products based on grey time series combined forecasting model

To solve the problem that the products have few performance degradation data and nonlinear stochastic degradation paths,agrey time series combined forecasting model is proposed to build the model of degradation paths and predict the product lifetime in realtime.Firstly,in order to establish degradation paths for the same kind of products,the GM(1,1)grey model is used to forecast the trend term and the AR(p)time series model is used to forecast the stochastic term.Then,similarity weights of degradation paths between the specific individuals and the same kind of products are evaluated based on the K-means clustering theory,and the specific individual degradation path model is built by weighting models of the same kind of products.Lastly,the specific individual degradation path model is updated with real-time degradation data and the lifetime is predicted.This method is used to predict lifetime of certain electronic products,and the experiment results verify its accuracy and validity.
Pilot Training

The advent of the jet transport age both for commercial and military aircraft will require conversion to jet training for pilots of all types of transport aircraft. This is the time therefore when consideration ought to be given to some comprehensive scheme on an Empire-wide basis for future recruitment and training of Pilots to a common standard. It is not enough to assume that the needs of commercial aviation will be supplied by the Royal Air Force. There are two sound reasons why reliance on such a flow will prove erroneous. Firstly the training of the R.A. F. Transport and Bomber pilot is much akin to the requirement for the commercial airline, and once Air Forces have trained their long distance pilots they will make a career sufficiently attractive to induce the pilot to stay. Transport Command of the R.A. F. has already inaugurated such a scheme.