Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Financial Development, Financial Openness and Economic Growth in Nigeria

This study examined the impact of financial development and financial openness on economic growth in Nigeria between 1981 and 2019. This was done through the use of the Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model. In doing this, the ratio of credit to the private sector to the GDP and broad money to narrow money were used as measures of financial development and financial openness respectively. The study found that financial development has a positive and insignificant impact on economic growth in Nigeria in the long and short-run. The study also found that financial openness has a negative and insignificant impact on economic growth in Nigeria in the long-run. The results of the study further revealed that simultaneous existence of financial development and financial openness has an insignificant but positive impact on economic growth in Nigeria in the long-run. Based on the findings, the study recommended that the CBN should increase its efforts towards the regulation and supervision of the financial sector to reduce the incidence of financial distress. The study also recommended that efforts to develop the mortgage and insurance sector and the capital market should be intensified through regulatory improvements, improvements in the instruments in use in the market as well as public enlightenment programs to increase awareness of the potentials of the mortgage, insurance and capital markets. The final recommendation made by the study is that more restrictions should be placed on the inflow of capital in and out of the country to guard against sudden capital flow reversals.
Attitude Determination and Control System of the ORCASat

The goal of this article is to present the results and conclusions of an Attitude Determination and Control System (ADCS) capable of achieving the mission requirements of the ORCASat, a 2U CubeSat: Ability to detumble the satellite from high initial angular velocities; Guarantee a pointing error smaller than 10 ̋; And guarantee an attitude estimation error smaller than 2 ̋. The active ADCS control is provided by magnetorquers while a momentum wheel is used for passive attitude stabilization. Four different attitude control algorithms, the Constant Gain Controller, the Finite Horizon Controller, the Infinite Horizon Controller, and the Sliding Mode Controller, were tested and compared in terms of efficiency and pointing accuracy. The best performing algorithm was selected, and its performance was analyzed under different scenarios, including model uncertainties. In order to detumble the spacecraft, a modified B-dot controller was implemented. Its performance was tested under different conditions. The ORCASat’s attitude sensor suite includes four sun sensors, a magnetometer, and a gyroscope. The Quaternion Estimator (QUEST) algorithm was implemented to initialize the main attitude estimator, the Multiplicative Extended Kalman Filter (MEKF). A real-time magnetometer calibration filter, the Magnetometer Calibration Extended Kalman Filter, was implemented and studied as an attempt to improve the performance of the MEKF. Different cases were devised to analyze the performance of these algorithms. All the simulations were performed under a realistic Matlab/Simulink environment. The different simulations showed that the proposed ADCS could fulfill the mission requirements, even with the existence of model uncertainties.
The Revolving Door in Judicial Politics: Former Clerks and Agenda Setting on the U.S. Supreme Court

We examine the role of former clerks to Supreme Court justices on the Court’s agenda setting process. We find that when a former clerk is the attorney on either a cert petition or an amicus brief, the Court is more likely to hear a case, compared to advocacy by a non-former clerk. To help explain these patterns, we draw on the broader literature on “revolving door” politics. We argue that the most plausible mechanisms are either that former clerks are more effective advocates or that their presence in a case signals its importance to the Court. Alternatively, former clerks may select into cases that the Court is likely to grant. While we cannot definitively disentangle these competing mechanisms, the strong patterns in the data suggest that the importance of the revolving door in judicial politics extends broadly into the domain of agenda setting and is thus worthy of further investigation.
Hydromechanical – Stochastic Modeling of Fluid-Induced Seismicity in 1 Fractured Poroelastic Media

13 We present a new method for modeling fluid-perturbation induced seismicity in a fluid-saturated 14 poroelastic medium embedded with a dual network of fractures. The inter-seismic triggering is 15 deterministically modeled using a quasi-static, nonlinear and fluid-solid fully coupled fracture16 poro-mechanical approach that resolves only the large-scale fractures. The co-seismic dynamic 17 rupture is not explicitly modeled. Instead, the seismicity-induced shear stress drop is 18 approximated as a static quantity and stochastically modeled on a range computed from the 19 evolving poroelastic stress in conjunction with the initial stress and the static and dynamic 20 frictional strengths. These two steps are sequentially connected and then iterated via a prediction21 correction type of fracture stress updating scheme, naturally producing repeating seismic events 22 on certain fractures. As an example, we perform three progressive numerical experiments. By 23 comparing the corresponding synthetic event catalogs, we investigate the effects of fractures and 24 poroelastic coupling on the evolution and source characteristics of the seismicity. Main findings 25 include (1) the seismicity clusters near large-scale fractures favorably oriented and subjected to 26 sufficient perturbations, (2) poroelastic coupling enhances the clustering and substantially 27 inhibits the seismicity in the nearfield and (3) source characteristics and the b-value seem not 28 affected by fractures or poroelastic coupling. Our method can serve as a general physics-based 29 tool for more realistically predicting induced seismicity in complex geological media. 30 1 This article is a non-peer reviewed preprint published at EarthArXiv. Jin, Modeling Induced Seismicity 2
Where do DeFi Stablecoins Go? A Closer Look at What DeFi Composability Really Means.

One of the benefits of decentralized finance (DeFi) – an alternative financial system built on blockchain – is composability, which means the system’s building blocks (tokens) can freely interact with one another to form new services. One example is stablecoin, a token with fixed exchange rate, which is backed by token collaterals. While stablecoins can be used to facilitate payments and exchanges, in DeFi they can be used to earn returns (“yield farming”), potentially multiplicatively. We use transaction-level blockchain data to analyze a stablecoin’s flows between protocols and provide suggestive evidence of DeFi yield-chasing behavior. We shed light on what DeFi total value locked might really measure and highlight the complexity in DeFi analysis and market surveillance.
A New Expression for the True One-Year Prediction Uncertainty in the Chain-Ladder Model of Mack

In this paper we provide a new expression for the true one-year prediction uncertainty within the chain-ladder model of Mack, which can be useful for quantification and sensitivity analysis. We also show that, in case sufficiently large sized claims trapezoids are considered (which might not be easily available in practice though), classical predictors for the true one-year prediction uncertainty (notably the Merz-Wüthrich and the Gisler formulas) mostly succeed to respectably estimate the true uncertainty. This seems to be linked with the fact that in this case the traditional estimator for the sigma squared parameters results to have a sufficiently low variance. Otherwise, for instance when considering small sized claims triangles, the classical predictors might be particularly prone to materially fail in estimating the true value.
COMPARATIVE ROLE OF COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY AND MAGNETIC RESONANCE UROGRAPHY INURINARY TRACT CALCULI RUNNING TITLE: CT VS MR UROGRAPHY IN URINARY TRACT CALCULI

Background: Prevalence of urolithiasis is increasing in modern society due to a variety of etiologiesand due to high recurrence rates. Though computed tomography is an imaging modality of choice to detect the calculus along with their number & location especially in ureter, susceptibility of its disintegration on lithotripsy, obstructive signs and delineating the roadmap for surgery in complicated cases but recently there are growing concerns related to radiation exposure especially in children, pregnant women, psychiatric patients and follow up cases. There is a recent interest in magnetic resonance urography (MRU) that combines the advantage of cross-sectional imaging &urography with simultaneous avoidance of contrastrelated & radiation risk. Hence, we conducted a pilot study for evaluating the diagnostic ability of MRU in urolithiasis patients. Materials & Methods: This observational,cross-sectional, comparative study was performed in the Department of Radiodiagnosis on 20 patients diagnosed with urolithiasis by 128-Slice CT scanner. MRU was performed on 1.5T MR scanner utilizing T2 weighted images in multiple planes. Data was recorded in blinded fashion and analysed using appropriate statistical tools & methods. Results: MRU revealed an overall detection rate of 65% for urolithiasis but was able to depict the obstructive signs clearly even when the calculus was not visualised yielding an overall capability of 100% in predicting future course of action. The major limitation was in detection of calculus <6mm and those located in distal ureter or vesicoureteric junction. Conclusion: Though MRU cannot replace the CT scan in patients with urolithiasis, yet it can be used as an alternative imaging tool to evaluate urolithiasis with a considerable degree of European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine ISSN 2515-8260 Volume 07, Issue 10, 2020 3957 confidence & accuracy especially in predicting the future course of management in such patients.
Synthesis and Luminescent Propertiesof Core/Shell/Shell Structural CdSe/CdS/ZnS Nanocrystals

Ⅱ-Ⅵ family semiconductor nanocrystals(such as CdSe,CdS,ZnS,ZnSe,and so on) have attracted most interests of scientists,recently.The synthesis methods have made great breakthrough in the improving the photo-stability and enhancing the luminescence efficiency during the past decades,of which the most successful way was the preparation of core/shell nanocrystals.However,most of the core/shell systems investigated were single core and single shell systems.The core/shell/shell structural CdSe/CdS/ZnS nanocrystals were synthesized in aqueous solution by using mercapto-acetate acid as stabilizer.The intermediate shell of CdS (between) the core of CdSe and the outer shell of ZnS could improve the core/shell interface quality as a lattice parameter adaptation layer,and the outer layer of ZnS could confine the exciton to a great extent.The core/shell/shell system combined the advantages of both core/shell systems of CdSe/CdS and CdSe/ZnS in theory.The nanocrystals were characterized by transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS). The TEM image showed that the nanocrystals exhibited sphericity,and the average size was less than 10 nm,and the aggregation occurred among the nanocrystals.The results of XPS confirmed the existence of cadmium,zinc,selenium and sulphur in the core/shell/shell structural samples,which demonstrated the formation of core/shell/shell structural CdSe/CdS/ZnS nanocrystals.The luminescence intensity of different core/shell structural nanocrystals was investigated by using the UV-Vis absorption and photoluminescence(PL) spectra,the results indicated that both of the intensity of absorption spectra and PL spectra of core/shell/shell structural CdSe/CdS/ZnS nanocrystals were the strongest of all,and the red shift was the most distinct of all,which attributed to the surface passivation on the core of CdSe and partial exciton leakage into the shell.By comparison,the results demonstrated that the core/shell/shell structural nanocrystals exhibited the best luminescent properties of all.
Processed Radio Frequency towards Pancreas Enhancing the Deadly Diabetes Worldwide

Diabetes is a chronic and debilitating disease, which is associated with a range of complications putting tremendous burden on medical, economic and socio-technological infrastructure globally. Yet the higher authorities of health services are facing the excruciating cumulative reasons of diabetes as a very imperative worldwide issue in the 21st century. The study aims to relook at the misapplication of the processed radio frequency that frailties in the pancreas within and around the personal body boundary area. The administered sensor data were obtained at laboratory experiments from the selected specimens on dogs and cats in light and dark environments. The study shows the frequent urine flow speed varies with sudden infection due to treated wireless sensor networks in active open eyes. The overweight and obese persons are increasingly affected in diabetes with comprehensive urinary pressure due to continuous staying at dark environment. The findings replicate the increasing tide of diabetes globally. The study also represents the difficulties of physicians to provide adequate diabetic management according to their expectancy due to insecure personal area network control unit.Dynamic sensor network is indispensable for healthcare but such network is at risk to health security due to digitalized poisoning within GPS positions. The study recommends the anti-radiation integrated system policy with user’s security alternative approach to inspire dealing with National Health Policy and Sustainable Development Goals 2030.
Title : Potential Hazards at the New York City Bridges , 1982 – 2006 2

New York State Department of Transportation designates potentially hazardous condi6 tions on bridges as flags. From 1982 until 2006 the flags issued for the bridges owned by New York 7 City underwent all phases typical of crises, including a gradual increase, an exponential expansion, 8 an extended peak, a gradual decline, and a convergence to a higher but manageable level. The 9 attempts to forecast the flag pattern as it was developing are reviewed for possible relevance to 10 management of the transportation infrastructure and in general. 11 12
CLIMATE CHANGE AND ITS EFFECT ON PLANTS

Agriculture and climate change are internally correlated with each other in various aspects, as climate change is the main cause of biotic and abiotic stresses, which have adverse effects on the agriculture of a region. The land and its agriculture are being affected by climate changes in different ways, e.g., variations in annual rainfall, average temperature, heat waves, modifications in weeds, pests or microbes, global change of atmospheric CO2 or ozone level, and fluctuations in sea level.Climate change has many consequences for plants, be it heat waves, increased flooding, or droughts. Besides these knock‐on effects of global warming, rising carbon dioxide concentrations and temperatures directly affect plant growth, reproduction, and resilience.
Study Of Expression And Association Of Hsp 90 , Her 2 , P 53 and Ki-67 In Gastric And Colorectal Neoplasms In The Indian Context

Introduction: Gastrointestinal malignancies are on raise and there is a need for predictive and prognostic markers to study the tumor behavior. In the present study we have evaluated four most important markers in these tumors in Indian population so that drugs targeting these proteins can be included in the therapeutic regimes. We also compared the expressions with the grade and stage of the tumors. Materials and methods: The present study is an observational cross-section study. We have included neoplasms of Stomach, Colon and Rectum, 30 benign and 30 malignant neoplasms from each organ. Results: HSP 90 expression was associated with the grade and stage of all tumors except grade of colonic tumors.HER2 was associated with grade and stage of all tumors except stage of stomach and rectum. Ki67 expression was associated with grade and stage of all tumors except stage of rectal carcinoma. P53 is associated with grade and stage of all the tumors. Conclusion: Marked geographical variations have been identified in the phenotypic characters of the tumors. An understanding of the pattern of expression of prognostic and predictive markers shall be helpful in better analysis of the tumor behavior.
Heavy Metal Tolerance

The operation of biological systems is challenged by various environmental factors that interfere with or interrupt biological processes (creating stress). Some heavy metals have important physiological roles, but high doses of these essential heavy metals or exposure to other heavy metals that lack physiological roles in organisms may create stress through interference with the function of enzymes or with the information-coding molecules (DNA or RNA) in cells. Some organisms are less susceptible to these effects than others, and this heavy metal tolerance has become an important example of core biological concepts such as adaptation and evolution. Heavy metal tolerance is also of interest because organisms can be tolerant to more than one stress: understanding this phenomenon (termed “co-tolerance” or “cross-tolerance”) can provide insights into the mechanisms of tolerance and allow applications of this knowledge in solving environmental problems. Heavy metal tolerance also has vital practical and applied aspects, since human industry relies greatly on various metals (some of which are quite toxic) and these industries have resulted in pollution that can have severe impacts on the health of humans, other organisms, and entire ecosystems. Current studies explore the physiological mechanisms of heavy metal tolerance in many groups of organisms, investigate its underlying genetic basis, and use that knowledge to create genetically engineered organisms that may be useful to solve environmental problems caused by heavy metal pollution.
EC GASTROENTEROLOGY AND DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Mini Review PD-1 Blockade in the Treatment of Gastric Cancer

Gastric cancer is the fifth most common malignancy in the world and the third with most deaths. This makes these tumours of the utmost importance, especially regarding the treatment of patients with these malignancies. The current therapies include endoscopic resection, surgery and chemotherapy. However, the high mortality rate observed in these tumours calls for new and more personalized therapies, with immunotherapy having an important role in the treatment of these patients. In fact, several studies have shown the benefit of blocking immune checkpoints such as PD-1 using drugs like pembrolizumab and nivolumab, in the treatment of patients with gastric cancer. The use of these drugs had good outcomes regarding ORR, PFS and OS, while also being associated with tolerable side effects. This review aims to elucidate on the emerging role of PD-1 blockade in the treatment of gastric cancer.
A novel approach for community detection in Social Networks

: Social Network Analysis (SNA) is computing and mapping of relationships and movements between people, groups, organizations, URLs, computers and other connected information/knowledge bodies. The people and groups are represented as nodes whereas the show movements or relationships between the nodes are represented as links. Community discovery is one of the challenging problems in any networks, we have proposed a community discovery algorithm which is producing better result than existing algorithm. Proposed and Existing algorithms are based on edge betweenness [1] score. We show that novel approach algorithm performs quite well on bench mark data sets and a few real-world networks. We have also considered the core nodes of the graph and identifies the importance for each node.
Facile Fabrication of Heterostructured Bi2O3–ZnO Photocatalyst and Its Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity

The development of coupled semiconductor photocatalysts makes a significant advancement in catalytic functional materials. A new heterostructured Bi2O3–ZnO, synthesized by a simple hydrothermal–thermal decomposition method, exhibited higher photocatalytic activity for the degradation of Acid Black 1 (AB 1) under UV light than pure ZnO, Bi2O3, and commercial Degussa P25. X-ray powder diffraction analysis reveals that the as-synthesized product has the monoclinic lattice phase of Bi2O3 and the hexagonal wurtzite phase of ZnO. HR-SEM images show that Bi2O3–ZnO has an ordered mixture of nanofiber and nanochain structures. This heterostructured Bi2O3–ZnO has increased UV absorption when compared with ZnO. The enhanced photocatalytic activity of Bi2O3–ZnO is attributed to the low recombination rates of photoinduced electron–hole pairs, caused by the vectorial transfer of electrons and holes between ZnO and Bi2O3. Higher efficiency at neutral pH 7 and reusability in the degradation of AB 1 makes Bi2O3–ZnO, a pro.
Systematic Profiling of mRNA Splicing Reveals the Prognostic Predictor and Potential Therapeutic Target for Glioblastoma Multiforme

Despite many changes in alternative splicing events (ASEs) are frequently involved in various cancers, prognosis-related ASEs and drug treatment targets in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) have not been well explored. ASEs participate in many biological behaviors in the initiation and progression of tumors, the aberrant ASE has been considered another hallmark of cancer, and the systematic study of alternative splicing may provide potential biomarkers for malignancies. In this study, we carried out a systematic analysis to characterize the ASE signatures in GBM cohort. Through comparing GBM tissues and nontumor tissues, a total of 48,191 differently expressed ASEs from 10,727 genes were obtained, and these aberrant ASEs play an important role in the oncogenic process. Then, we identified 514 ASEs independently associated with patient survival in GBM by univariate and multivariate Cox regression, including exon skip in CD3D, alternate acceptor site in POLD2, and exon skip in DCN. Those prognostic models built on ASEs of each splice type can accurately predict the outcome of GBM patients, and values for the area under curve were 0.97 in the predictive model based on alternate acceptor site. In addition, the splicing-regulatory network revealed an interesting correlation between survival-associated splicing factors and prognostic ASE corresponding genes. Moreover, these three hub splicing factors in splicing regulation network are the potential targets of some drugs. In conclusion, a systematic analysis of ASE signatures in GBM could serve as an indicator for identifying novel prognostic biomarkers and guiding clinical treatment.