Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Parents' Education Level on Children's Active Learning Quality: The Mediating Role of Family Parenting

In this study, 256 children from a kindergarten in Songjiang District, Shanghai were selected as the research subjects. Questionnaire survey was used to investigate the mediating effect of family rearing style on parents' educational level and children's proactive learning quality. The results show that the quality of proactive learning of children in middle and middle classes develops gradually with age, and middle class is the critical period of development. There is a significant positive correlation between proactive learning quality and parents' education level. There is a significant positive correlation between emotional warm parenting style and proactive learning quality of children. There is a significant negative correlation between rejection parenting style and overprotective parenting style and proactive learning quality of children. The emotional warm parenting style and overprotective parenting style play a completely mediating role between parents' educational level and children's proactive learning quality.Therefore, parents should create a good family education atmosphere and raise children’s awareness of the quality of active learning; kindergartens should help parents change their parenting methods and give play to the role of guidance and communication of family education in kindergartens; the government should play a role in guiding and publicizing family education; Facilitate the promotion of family style and the cultivation of active learning quality for family teachers.
Anatomical and physiological aspects of the HIV infection pathogenesis in animal models

Understanding the entire pathogenesis of HIV infection, from penetration at the gates of infection to the induction of severe immunodeficiency, is an essential tool for the development of new treatment methods. Less than 40 years of research into the mechanisms of HIV infection that lead to the development of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome have accumulated a huge amount of information, but HIV's own unique variability identifies new whitespaces. Despite the constant improvement of the protocols of antiretroviral therapy and the success of its use, it has not yet been possible to stop the spread of HIV infection. The development of new protocols and the testing of new groups of antiretroviral drugs is possible, first of all, due to the improvement of animal models of the HIV infection pathogenesis. Their relevance, undoubtedly increases, but still depends on specific research tasks, since none of the in vivo models can comprehensively simulate the mechanism of the infection pathology in humans which leads to multi-organ damage. The aim of the review was to provide up-to-date information on known animal models of HIV infection, focusing on the method of their infection and anatomical, physiological and pathological features.
Exergetic aspects of high‐speed boundary layers

Exergy is an established concept for evaluating heat cycles. It quantifies the available work that can be extracted from a system. The extension of the classical definition to non‐uniform flow field properties is applied here to high‐speed boundary layers. The destruction of exergy is quantified by the corresponding loss thickness and is evaluated locally. Turbulent fluctuations in this approach are described by their turbulent exergy, which is a generalisation of the concept of turbulent kinetic energy for incompressible flow. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
THE IMPACT OF EMPLOYEE CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY ATTITUDES ON JOB SATISFACTION AND ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT: EVIDENCE FROM SRI LANKAN INSURANCE INDUSTRY

The purpose of this study was to highlight the employees’ CSR attitudes and their impact on job satisfaction and organizational commitment using the evidence from the employees in the Sri Lankan insurance industry. Economic, ethical, legal, and discretionary responsibility for employee job satisfaction and organizational commitment were considered as the study variables. Primary data was collected using a convenient sample method by distributing a questionnaire among 200 employees in five selected insurance companies in Sri Lanka. The study findings revealed that corporate social responsibility attitudes variables namely ethical and discretionary CSR attitudes have a positive relationship and significant impact on job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Economic responsibility attitudes have a significant impact on job satisfaction and have no significant impact on organizational commitment. Legal CSR attitudes have no significant impact on job satisfaction and organizational commitment. The findings of this study contribute to finding out the impact of employee CSR attitudes on job satisfaction and organizational commitment in employees in the Sri Lankan insurance industry and findings can be used for employers to take a better decisions.
Elastoviscous Properties of Amorphous Polymers in the Transition Region. II. Stress‐Relaxation of Butadiene‐Styrene Copolymers

Experimental data have been obtained on the stress‐relaxation modulus Er(t) of several copolymers in their transition regions. The new data are expressed as master curves which can be fitted to the Gauss Error Integral form of reduced equation, as previously proposed. It appears possible to characterize the time and temperature‐dependence of Er of amorphous polymers in general by means of the parameters of this equation: E1 (glassy‐state modulus), E2 (rubbery‐state modulus), Td (distinctive temperature, related to second‐order transition temperature), Kd (characteristic relaxation time at Td), and h (parameter related to steepness of master curve). In the butadiene‐styrene series, the effect of composition on these parameters has been determined.
Online transition matrix identification of the state evolution model for the extended Kalman filter in electrical impedance tomography

One of the electrical impedance tomography objectives is to estimate the electrical resistivity distribution in a domain based only on contour electrical potential measurements caused by an imposed electrical current distribution into the boundary. In biomedical applications, the random walk model is frequently used as evolution model and, under this conditions, it is observed poor tracking ability of the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF). An analytically developed evolution model is not feasible at this moment. The present work investigates the possibility of identifying the evolution model in parallel to the EKF and updating the evolution model with certain periodicity. The evolution model is identified using the history of resistivity distribution obtained by a sensitivity matrix based algorithm. To numerically identify the linear evolution model, it is used the Ibrahim Time Domain Method, normally used to identify the transition matrix on structural dynamics. The investigation was performed by numerical simulations of a time varying domain with the addition of noise. Numerical dificulties to compute the transition matrix were solved using a Tikhonov regularization. The EKF numerical simulations suggest that the tracking ability is significantly improved.
The Realization of Low Tones in the Context of Downstep

In this study, the pitch realization of low (L) tones in the context of downstep in Chinese is analyzed. The test sentences are composed of ‘High + Low + High + Low’ sequences, and the low point pitch of the L tones is investigated. It is found that there is an obvious downward trend for the L tones, that is, they always drop to a lower scale compared to the forgoing ones. Due to the final lowering effect, the degree of the last drop is always larger than the forgoing ones. When there are more downsteps, The initial L tone will be raised, but there is no significant variation for the final L tone. Introduction Downstep was originally observed in the tone languages in Africa, which refers to the stepwise lowering of High (H) tones in certain contexts [1]. In downstep, each successive H tone in longer downstepping sequences is lower than the preceding one, creating a cumulative ‘staircase’ pattern [2]. In tone languages, downstep is a common phenomenon, so speakers may employ ‘foresight’ in producing long downstepping sequences. Stewart [3] claimed that the pitch of H tones in downstepping sequences in Akan is sensitive to the number of following downsteps. He stated that the pitch of any particular high tone is raised by as many levels as there are downsteps in the subsequent part of the phrase, while the last H tone in the sequence tends to be realized at a constant level, its basic pitch. On the contrary, Schachter [4] maintained that the pitch of the first H tone in Akan is normally phonetically the same regardless of the number of the following downsteps, while later H tones descend to lower and lower values as the number of downsteps increases. In Chinese, there have been a number of studies related to tonal downstep. Xu [5] argued that anticipatory and carry-over tonal influences co-exist in Chinese, and they differ both in magnitude and in nature. Carry-over effects are mostly assimilatory: the starting F0 of a tone is assimilated to the offset value of a previous tone. Anticipatory effects, on the other hand, are mostly dissimilatory: a low onset value of a tone raises the maximum F0 value of a preceding tone. Shih [6] pointed out that the F0 contour of a Chinese utterance is affected by a number of factors, such as declination, downstep and final lowering, etc. Huang et al. [7] examined downstep in Chinese by subtly designed sentences. It is found that, when there is intervening low tone, it will compress the pitch range of the following syllable. It is the top line that is mainly affected, and the bottom line keeps unaffected. When there is no intervening low tone, the top line of the intonational phrase is realized in a linear downward trend. The experiment reported here will investigate the pitch values of utterances with 2 to 5 HL sequences, i.e. utterances with 4 to 10 syllables, and the aim is to find out the pitch realization of L tones in the context of downstep.
Vacuum Fluctuations and Spontaneous Emission in Quantum Optics

Several quantum optics problems in which spontaneous emission and/or vacuum fluctuations play an important role are discussed. These include the spontaneous decay of an atom and the damping of the field in a cavity (both in the presence of ordinary and `squeezed' vacuum), the correlated (spontaneous) emission laser or CEL, and quantum beats in V- and Λ-type three-level atoms.
Phase dynamics of two coupled oscillators under external periodic force

The effect of synchronization has been studied in a system of two coupled Van der Pol oscillators under external harmonic force. The analysis has been carried out using the phase approach. The mechanisms of complete and partial synchronization have been established. The main type of bifurcation described in this paper is the saddle-node bifurcation of invariant curves that corresponds to the saddle-node bifurcation of two-dimensional tori in the complete system of differential equations for the dynamical system under study.
Disturbed hippocampal intra-network in first-episode of drug-naïve major depressive disorder

Abstract Complex networks inside the hippocampus could provide new insights into hippocampal abnormalities in various psychiatric disorders and dementia. However, evaluating intra-networks in the hippocampus using MRI is challenging. Here, we employed a high spatial resolution of conventional structural imaging and independent component analysis to investigate intra-networks structural covariance in the hippocampus. We extracted the intra-networks based on the intrinsic connectivity of each 0.9 mm isotropic voxel to every other voxel using a data-driven approach. With a total volume of 3 cc, the hippocampus contains 4115 voxels for a 0.9 mm isotropic voxel size or 375 voxels for a 2 mm isotropic voxel of high-resolution functional or diffusion tensor imaging. Therefore, the novel method presented in the current study could evaluate the hippocampal intra-networks in detail. Furthermore, we investigated the abnormality of the intra-networks in major depressive disorders. A total of 77 patients with first-episode drug-naïve major depressive disorder and 79 healthy subjects were recruited. The independent component analysis extracted seven intra-networks from hippocampal structural images, which were divided into four bilateral networks and three networks along the longitudinal axis. A significant difference was observed in the bilateral hippocampal tail network between patients with major depressive disorder and healthy subjects. In the logistic regression analysis, two bilateral networks were significant predictors of major depressive disorder, with an accuracy of 78.1%. In conclusion, we present a novel method for evaluating intra-networks in the hippocampus. One advantage of this method is that a detailed network can be estimated using conventional structural imaging. In addition, we found novel bilateral networks in the hippocampus that were disturbed in patients with major depressive disorders, and these bilateral networks could predict major depressive disorders.
Numerical Investigation of the Effect of Ignition Area on the Subsequent Flame Propagation Behavior

In this paper, the effect of ignition area on the propagation of a laminar premixed flame is investigated numerically in a two-dimensional channel. A single-step irreversible overall exothermic chemical reaction is applied to model combustion chemistry. The time-dependent system of governing equations for reacting flows is discretized using the finite volume method (FVM) on the hexahedral structure grid cells. The discretized system of equations is solved by adopting Front Flow Red, a multi-scale and -physics computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solver. The computed results show that the flame oscillates during the propagation owing to the strong roll-up of the vortices generated by the strong shear layer originating from the sudden high gas expansion flow at the large ignition area. The instantaneous acceleration of the vortices increases the flame surface area which gives rise to higher propagation speed; consequently, combustion time is shortened. These results suggest that the rapid increase in flame surface, caused by the large ignition area induced strong vortices, could be one of the potential methods in improving combustion efficiency by reducing the burning time in the internal combustion devices.
The Flavor Profiles of Highland Barley Fermented with Different Mushroom Mycelium

Highland barley was fermented with Cordyceps militaris, Stropharia rugoso-annulata, Morchella esculenta, Schizophyllum commune and Tremella sanguinea. The flavor profiles were investigated by electronic nose (E-nose), headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) and sensory evaluation by train panel. Fermentation with mushroom mycelium was able to change the aroma profile of highland barley. The original strong grassy taste was reduced due to a decrease in hexanal, decanal and 2-pentylfuran, and new aromatic flavors (floral, sweet and mushroom fragrance) were acquired after fermentation. The overall flavor of the fermented highland barley varied with mushroom strains. Schizophyllum commune gave a heavier sour taste to the fermented highland barley. However, fermentation with T. sanguinea increased the content of methyl 4-methoxybenzoate making the sample difficult to accepted. Fermentation with C. militaris, M. esculenta, and S. rugoso-annulata increased the volatile contents. The high levels of 1-octen-3-ol and esters gave a strong mushroom, oily and fruity flavor. Morchella esculenta showed the best performance and the highest acceptance in the fermented highland barley. Our results suggest that fermentation with mushroom mycelium can improve the flavor of highland barley, which provides an innovative utilization of highland barley.
Fast and Efficient Offset Compensation by Noise-Aware Pre-Charge and Operation of DRAM Bit Line Sense Amplifier

This brief proposes fast and efficient offset compensation for a DRAM bit-line sense amplifier. Precharging the sense amplifier under the same conditions as the initial offset compensation eliminates the deterministic offset leaving a small stochastic offset to be cured during the compensation step. The compensated offset is maintained throughout the subsequent charge sharing and sensing periods by keeping the noise environment constant as a compensation step to prevent an additional offset from being introduced after compensation. Fast and reliable offset compensation is confirmed by yield analysis in 256 $\times $ 288 DRAM cell array using extensive Monte Carlo simulation. Even when the offset compensation time is shortened to 2 ns, no yield drop is expected while with conventional amplifiers a sensing failure is estimated at 47.5%. An additional 1 ns reduction in charge sharing time is possible if a careful power delivery network is provided with the proposed sense amplifier.
Role of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Specific CAR-T Cells in the Suppression of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Simple Summary Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a high-incidence cancer in China for which treatment strategies and therapeutic effects are limited. In this study, we established cellular immunotherapy for ESCC using epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeting chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-expressing T cells. The goal of this project was to provide new and effective therapies for ESCC. Abstract ESCC is a highly malignant tumor, and its morbidity and mortality in China account for more than 50% of the world’s total rates. As effective treatments are lacking, the 5-year survival rate of patients does not exceed 30%. CAR-T-cell-based immunotherapy has emerged as one of the most promising cancer treatments; however, there are relatively fewer reports regarding its application for ESCC. In this study, we conducted large-sample whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and RNA-seq analysis of patients with ESCC from China to examine the feasibility of EGFR-targeting CAR-T cells in the treatment of ESCC. We found much higher levels of EGFR gene amplification and overexpression in tumors than in the normal tissues, indicating that EGFR could be a promising target of CAR-T-cell-based immunotherapy in ESCC. Therefore, we tested EGFR-targeting CAR-T cells for lytic activity against ESCC cells as a model to establish cellular immunotherapy for ESCC. Five types of CAR-T cells targeting EGFR were constructed, two of which, CAR1-T and CAR2-T, showed a strong cytotoxicity against ESCC in in vitro and in vivo experiments. The results of this study suggest that CAR1-T and CAR2-T have the potential to be used for anti-ESCC immunotherapy in clinics.
ADAPTIVE GRID SIMULATION OF HYPERBOLIC EQUATIONS

We are interested in an adaptive grid method for hyperbolic equations. A multiresolution analysis, based on a biorthogonal family of interpolating scaling functions and lifted interpolating wavelets, is used to dynamically adapt grid points according to the physical field profile in each time step. Traditional finite-difference schemes with fixed stencils produce high oscillations around sharp discontinuities. In this paper, we hybridize high-resolution schemes, which are suitable for capturing singularities, and apply a finite-difference approach to the scaling functions at non-singular points. We use a total variation diminishing Runge? Kutta method for the time integration. The computational cost is proportional to the number of points present after compression. We provide several numerical examples to verify our approach.
Core-hole-clock spectroscopies in the tender x-ray domain

The core-hole-clock method to observe dynamical phenomena in molecular photoexcitation on the 1 fs–hundreds-of-attoseconds time scale is illustrated with examples from resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) and resonant-Auger-emission experiments on the prototypical CH3Cl system in the tender x-ray domain. In particular, a direct comparison between RIXS and resonant-Auger data allows us to unravel subtle details of nuclear motion and interplay of potential curves of the intermediate and final states reached upon deep-core excitation.
Effect of Metformin on Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Factors Associated With It: A Meta-Analysis

The current meta-analysis aims to explore the effect of metformin use on vitamin B12 deficiency in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the factors associated with it. This meta-analysis followed the Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) guidelines and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. We searched PubMed and EMBASE from January 1, 2010, to October 31, 2022, to collect the studies that reported the effect of metformin on the deficiency of vitamin B12 in patients with T2DM and the factors associated with it. A total of 17 studies were included in the current meta-analysis. Among all the included studies, 13 were cross-sectional studies, 3 were retrospective cohorts, and one was a case-control study. The pooled rate of deficiency of vitamin B12 in patients receiving metformin (23.16%) was significantly higher compared to patients who were not on metformin (17.4%) (OR: 2.95, 95% CI: 2.18-4.00, p-value: 0.001). Factors significantly associated with vitamin B12 deficiency in patients with T2DM and receiving metformin include the duration of metformin use and a greater dose of metformin. In conclusion, our meta-analysis found that the prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency is greater in patients receiving metformin compared to patients who did not receive metformin. Given the importance of vitamin B12 in nutrition, metformin-induced B12 decrease may be harmful to patients with T2DM. Supplemental vitamin B12 may be advantageous for those on metformin.
Molecular outflows in the L1641 region of Orion

Searches for high-velocity C-12O emission from possible molecular-outflow candidates, and CS emission from dense cores in the vicinity of each IRAS source, were conducted during a mm-wave survey of a flux-limited sample of IRAS sources within a 4 sq deg region of the L1641 portion of the Orion A molecular cloud. The C-12O line emission width is noted to be correlated with the strength of the integrated CS emission. Attention was given to the IR properties of the embedded sources; the molecular outflow candidate sources have generally redder 12-25 micron colors and bluer 60-100 micron colors than the nonmolecular outflow candidates. 31 refs.
Some biological aspects and population status of the bogue, Boops boops (Linnaeus, 1758) (Teleostei: Sparidae) caught by gillnets from the Egyptian Mediterranean waters off Alexandria

The study of fishery biology and population dynamics was conducted for Boops boops collected from the commercial catches of gillnets operated in the Egyptian Mediterranean waters off Alexandria. A total of 880 specimens were sampled from the area between Sidi Kirayr to El-Montazah during the period 2018-2020. The length range varied between 11.0 and 20.0 cm TL with a mean of 13.98±1.19 cm and the total weight varied from 14 to 88 g with a mean total weight of 28.51±6.67