Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Robot-Guided Ultrasonography in Surgical Interventions

Introduction. The introduction of robotic-guided procedures in surgical techniques has brought an increase in the accuracy and control of resections. Surgery has evolved as a technique since the development of laparoscopy, which has added to the visualisation of the peritoneal cavity from a different perspective. Multi-armed robot associated with real-time intraoperative imaging devices brings important manoeuvrability and dexterity improvements in certain surgical fields. Materials and Methods. The present study is designed to synthesise the development of imaging techniques with a focus on ultrasonography in robotic surgery in the last ten years regarding abdominal surgical interventions. Results. All studies involved abdominal surgery. Out of the seven studies, two were performed in clinical trials. The other five studies were performed on organs or simulators and attempted to develop a hybrid surgical technique using ultrasonography and robotic surgery. Most studies aim to surgically identify both blood vessels and nerve structures through this combined technique (surgery and imaging). Conclusions. Ultrasonography is often used in minimally invasive surgical techniques. This adds to the visualisation of blood vessels, the correct identification of tumour margins, and the location of surgical instruments in the tissue. The development of ultrasound technology from 2D to 3D and 4D has brought improvements in minimally invasive and robotic surgical techniques, and it should be further studied to bring surgery to a higher level.
Integrated Fiber Ring Laser Temperature Sensor Based on Vernier Effect with Lyot–Sagnac Interferometer

The Vernier effect created using an incorporated Lyot–Sagnac loop is used to create an ultra-high sensitivity temperature sensor based on a ring laser cavity. Unlike standard double Sagnac loop systems, the proposed sensor is fused into a single Sagnac loop by adjusting the welding angle between two polarization-maintaining fibers (PMFs) to achieve effective temperature sensitivity amplification. The PMFs are separated into two arms of 0.8 m and 1 m in length, with a 45° angle difference between the fast axes. The sensor’s performance is examined both theoretically and experimentally. The experimental results reveal that the Vernier amplification effect can be achieved via PMF rotating shaft welding. The temperature sensitivity in the laser cavity can reach 2.391 nm/°C, which is increased by a factor of more than eight times compared with a single Sagnac loop structure (0.298 nm/°C) with a length of 0.8 m without the Vernier effect at temperatures ranging from 20 °C to 30 °C. Furthermore, unlike traditional optical fiber sensing that uses a broadband light source (BBS) for detection, which causes issues such as low signal-to-noise ratio and broad bandwidth, the Sagnac loop can be employed as a filter by inserting itself into the fiber ring laser (FRL) cavity. When the external parameters change, the laser is offset by the interference general modulation, allowing the external temperature to be monitored. The superior performance of signal-to-noise ratios of up to 50 dB and bandwidths of less than 0.2 nm is achieved. The proposed sensor has a simple structure and high sensitivity and is expected to play a role in biological cell activity monitoring.
Preliminary findings of selective endovascular repair for infra-renal abdominal aortic aneurysm at Viet Duc University Hospital

Objectives: To evaluate the early result of EVAR in abdominal aorta aneurysm patients in Viet Duc university hospital from 01/01/2018 to 30/12/2021. Methods: Descriptive and retrospective study with convenience sampling. Data was extracted from patient records. Results: There were 37 patients (30 males and 7 females), the majority of which have hypertension and DeBakey sign. Average age was 72,96 ± 6,58 (61-86) years. The fusiform aortic aneurysm was presented in all patien1,2. The average diameter, neck diameter, and aneurysm neck angle are 52.57mm, 21.26mm, and 47.02°, respectively. Moreover, 97.3% of patients were given bifurcated stent grafts; internal iliac artery was occluded in 5(13.5%) patients; The early results of the study group included the following: hospital mortality was 2,7% (1); in complications: immediately endoleak was 8(21,6%); after 30 days was 3(8,1%); acute renal failure was in 1(2,7%); hematoma in goiter was in 1(2,7%). Hospital stay was 10±4 days. Conclusion: The EVAR at Viet Duc University Hospital for selective abdominal aortic aneurysm is safe, effective with low risk of complication and mortality.
Label-free imaging of brain and brain tumor specimens with combined two-photon excited fluorescence and second harmonic generation microscopy

Label-free imaging techniques are gaining acceptance within the medical imaging field, including brain imaging, because they have the potential to be applied to intraoperative in situ identifications of pathological conditions. In this paper, we describe the use of two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) and second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy in combination for the label-free detection of brain and brain tumor specimens; gliomas. Two independently detecting channels were chosen to subsequently collect TPEF/SHG signals from the specimen to increase TPEF/SHG image contrasts. Our results indicate that the combined TPEF/SHG microscopic techniques can provide similar rat brain structural information and produce a similar resolution like conventional H&E staining in neuropathology; including meninges, cerebral cortex, white-matter structure corpus callosum, choroid plexus, hippocampus, striatum, and cerebellar cortex. It can simultaneously detect infiltrating human brain tumor cells, the extracellular matrix collagen fiber of connective stroma within brain vessels and collagen depostion in tumor microenvironments. The nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio and collagen content can be extracted as quantitative indicators for differentiating brain gliomas from healthy brain tissues. With the development of two-photon fiberscopes and microendoscope probes and their clinical applications, the combined TPEF and SHG microcopy may become an important multimodal, nonlinear optical imaging approach for real-time intraoperative histological diagnostics of residual brain tumors. These occur in various brain regions during ongoing surgeries through the method of simultaneously identifying tumor cells, and the change of tumor microenvironments, without the need for the removal biopsies and without the need for tissue labelling or fluorescent markers.
Liquid dynamics in response to an impinging low-temperature plasma jet

The liquid-phase behavior induced by an atmospheric pressure plasma jet impinging onto water-based solutions was experimentally investigated. An increase in cavity size and circulation size resulting from an increase in impact force of the plasma jet with respect to a helium gas jet were observed through particle image velocimetry and cavity measurements. The increase in circulation size due to plasma discharge was larger than the increase solely due to an increase in jet impact force, suggesting additional shear along the liquid free surface evidenced by schlieren images of plasma-induced gas flow adherence after impingement. Liquid evaporation rate increased and mean liquid temperature decreased due to plasma effects on jet behavior. Plasma-induced decreases in liquid pH and temperature were contained within the circulation flow, leading to strong pH and temperature gradients within the liquid volume. Areas treated by the jet became acidic and remained more acidic than other portions of the liquid due to circulation vortices, highlighting the consequences of jet and liquid vessel parameters for plasma jet-liquid applications.
Salvageable Intra-stent Coil Embolization Treatment for Spinal Dural Arteriovenous Fistula in a Child

Spinal dural arteriovenous fistulae (SDAVF) are rare diseases that exhibit abnormal connections between arteries and veins. They are even rarer in the pediatric population and pose diagnostic and treatment challenges for physicians. Its presentation varies depending on the site and size of the SDAVF. Multiple management options are available, which are usually tailored depending on the patient's condition. Here, we present a rare case of SDAF in a four-year-old girl who initially presented with bilateral lower limb weakness. The patient was then treated successfully using primary major fistula point stenting and intra-stent coiling, with complete closure achieved. Full recovery was achieved over the course of follow-ups. The deep analysis of SDAVF, its classification, and the utilization of the best available endovascular tools by a dedicated neurovascular team offer the best outcome in dealing with complex spinal neurovascular pathologies.
POTENTIAL IMPACT OF NITROGEN ON POPULATION FLUCTUATION OF APHID AND YIELD PARAMETERS IN BARLEY

The present study was carried out on the farmer field under the supervision of the Department of Plant Protection and Quality Control of Pesticides during 2020 and 2021. Barley cultivar ‘Haider-93’ was sown in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications to examine the effect of two levels ofnitrogen fertilizer, 50 and 100 kg/ha along with control (no fertilizer), on population fluctuation of aphid and on barley yield components like grain protein (%), 1000-grain weight and the barley grain yield. Aphid incidence was recorded throughout the cropping season. The results revealed that peak infestation of aphids per tiller were recorded in the 3rd week of February in successive year. The study indicated a significant relationship between nitrogen fertilizer and aphid population density per tiller. The mean aphid population per tiller was recorded a significantly higher (34.12 ± 0.81 and 28.65 ± 0.17 for the years 2020 and 2021, respectively) at 100 kg/ha of nitrogen level while lowest infestation (14.51 ± 0.20 and 12.30 ± 0.10 aphids per tiller for the year 2020 and 2021, respectively) was recorded at 0 kg/ha of nitrogen fertilizer. Nitrogen fertilizer level at 100 kg/ha gave significantly higher grain protein (12.80 ± 0.17 and 13.70 ± 0.26% for the years 2020 and 2021, respectively) and grain yield (2758.75 ± 60.82 and 2673.79 ± 61.88 kg/ha produce for the year 2020 and 2021, respectively) of the barley crop. However, treatment differences for 1000-grain weight (g) were recorded as non-significant. These findings suggest that the nitrogen fertilizer at 100 kg/ha level produced significantly higher grain protein (%) and grain yield at the same time, also supported the higher infestation of aphids per tiller. Still, this aphid density did not affect the accumulation of grain protein (%) and grain yield of the barley crop. The results of this study might be used for decision-making to apply nitrogen fertilizer for better grain yield of barley crop but at the same time considering the colonizing aphid population.
Prebiotic and Anti-Adipogenic Effects of Radish Green Polysaccharide

Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) greens are consumed as a source of nutrition, and their polysaccharides such as rhamnogalacturonan-I possess certain beneficial properties. This study investigated the prebiotic effects of a radish green polysaccharide (RGP) on gut health and obesity. The prebiotic activity of RGP was evaluated based on the pH changes and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) concentration. The results showed that 0.5% RGP had a higher prebiotic activity score than inulin and increased SCFAs production in all five prebiotic strains. Moreover, RGP inhibited fat accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, indicating its potential to reduce obesity. Overall, these findings suggested that the polysaccharide of radish greens has prebiotic effects and may serve as a beneficial prebiotic for gut health and obesity.
Premenstrual Syndrome Experiences and Coping Levels of University Students: A Mixed Method Study

ÖZ Objective: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is common among young female university students. Determining students’ PMS experience and coping levels with them can contribute to the development of effective strategies. This research was carried out to determine the premenstrual symptoms, coping experiences of the students with them and coping levels of the students experiencing PMS. Methods: This research is in a mixed method design that includes quantitative and qualitative data collection methods. The number of participants was 436 students. Quantitative data of the study were collected through an introductory information form, premenstrual coping measure (PCM), and qualitative data were collected through individual interviews using a semi-structured form. Results: The mean age of the participants was 20.65±1.68, mean age at menarche was 12.96±1.22. The rate of students experiencing PMS frequently was 41.1%, the rate of those who had regular menstruation was 73.9%, and the rate of those with dysmenorrhea was 90.3%. The most common symptoms were anxiety (73.4%), fatigue (72.3%), breast tenderness (71.1%), appetite changes (70.6%). The students' coping skills with PMS were at a good level. The highest PCM sub-dimension score was in the self-care (14.82±3.81) and awareness and acceptance of premenstrual change (34.49±7
Minimizing tip-sample forces and enhancing sensitivity in atomic force microscopy with dynamically compliant cantilevers

Due to the harmonic motion of the cantilever in Tapping Mode Atomic Force Microscopy, it is seemingly impossible to estimate the tip-sample interactions from the motion of the cantilever. Not directly observing the interaction force, it is possible to damage the surface or the tip by applying an excessive mechanical load. The tip-sample interactions scale with the effective stiffness of the probe. Thus, the reduction of the mechanical load is usually limited by the manufacturability of low stiffness probes. However, the one-to-one relationship between spring constant and applied force only holds when higher modes of the cantilever are not excited. In this paper, it is shown that, by passively tuning higher modes of the cantilever, it is possible to reduce the peak repulsive force. These tuned probes can be dynamically more compliant than conventional probes with the same static spring constant. Both theoretical and experimental results show that a proper tuning of dynamic modes of cantilevers reduces the contact load and increases the sensitivity considerably. Moreover, due to the contribution of higher modes, the tuned cantilevers provide more information on the tip-sample interaction. This extra information from the higher harmonics can be used for mapping and possibly identification of material properties of samples.
The structural tuning of the convolutional neural network forspeaker identification in mel frequency cepstrumcoefficients space

As a result of the literature analysis, the main methods for speaker identification from speech signals were defined. These are statistical methods based on Gaussian mixture model and a universal background model, as well as neural network methods, in particular, using convolutional or Siamese neural networks. The main characteristics of these methods are the recognition performance, a number of parameters, and the training time. High recognition performance is achieved by using convolutional neural networks, but a number of parameters of these networks are much higher than for statistical methods, although lower than for Siamese neural networks. A large number of parameters require a large training set, which is not always available for the researcher. In addition, despite the effectiveness of convolutional neural networks, model size and inference efficiency remain important fordevices with a limited source of computing power, such as peripheral or mobile devices. Therefore, the aspects of tuning of the structure of existing convolutional neural networks are relevant for research. In this work, we have performed a structural tuning of an existing convolutional neural network based on the VGGNet architecture for speaker identification in the space of mel frequency cepstrum coefficients. The aim of the work was to reduce the number of neural network parameters and, as a result, to reduce the network training time, provided that the recognition performance is sufficient (the correct recognition is above 95 %). The neural network proposed as a result of structural tuning has fewer layers than the architecture of the basic neural network. Insteadof the ReLU activation function, the related Leaky ReLU function with a parameter of 0.1 was used. The number of filters and the size of kernels in convolutional layers are changed. The size of kernels for the max pooling layer has been increased. It is proposedto use the averaging of the results of each convolution to input a two-dimensional convolution results to a fully connected layer with the Softmax activation function. The performed experiment showed that the number of parameters of the proposed neural network is 29 % less than the number of parameters of the basic neural network, provided that the speaker recognition performance is almost the same. In addition, the training time of the proposed and basic neural networks was evaluated on five datasets of audio recordings corresponding to different numbers of speakers. The training time of the proposed network was reduced by 10-39 % compared to the basic neural network. The results of the research show the advisability of the structural tuning of the convolutional neural network for devices with a limited source of computing, namely, peripheral or mobile devices.
Periodic nonlinear waves resulting from the contact interaction of a crack

When two different inputs of distinct low and high frequencies are applied to a medium, the linear responses are composed of waves of two dominant frequencies. However, microcracks such as fatigue cracks generate nonlinear waves by modulating the characteristics of the incident waves. Although this phenomenon has been observed and used to detect microcracks, the underlying principles have not been thoroughly elucidated. The hysteresis properties were introduced to describe the nonlinear relationship between the stress and strain to explain these phenomena [Van Den Abeele et al., Res. Nondestruct. Eval. 12, 17 (2000) and Nazarov et al., Acoust. Phys. 49, 344 (2003)]. The generation of harmonics was explained by superimposing stress–strain relations that vary with crack width and excitation magnitude. As the crack depth increases, the ratio of magnitudes of the second harmonic to the first harmonic increases, but the increment becomes smaller [Kawashima et al., Ultrasonics 40, 611 (2002)]. Here, we show tha.
Effects of γ-Irradiation on Mating Behavior of Red Palm Weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier, 1790) (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae)

Simple Summary Red palm weevil (RPW) Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier, 1790) is a highly invasive species of Southeast Asia and Melanesia origin that has spread widely in the Middle East and the Mediterranean area. Its larvae cause extensive damage to several palm species in the Arecaceae family, many of which are economically important for agricultural and ornamental purposes. For this reason, many studies are investigating sustainable and effective management strategies, including the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT). In this study, behavioral bioassays have been carried out in laboratory to evaluate if sterile RPW adult males are able to sexually compete with fertile males in no-choice and choice conditions. Results confirmed that irradiation does not induce any negative effects on the mating behavior and performance of sterile RPW males. Abstract Red palm weevil (RPW) Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier 1790) is a highly invasive species originating from Southeast Asia and Melanesia. Over the past 30 years, this alien pest has spread extensively in the Middle East and the Mediterranean basin. Its endophagous larvae feed on various palm species, causing significant damage that leads to the death of palm trees. Controlling RPW infestations is challenging due to their gregarious nature and the lack of detectable early symptoms. Systemic insecticides are effective means of control, but their use in urban areas is prohibited and resistance can develop. Considering alternative options with minimal environmental impact, the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) has been explored. Previous research has shown that male RPWs irradiated at 80 Gy or higher achieve full sterility. This study aimed to investigate in laboratory conditions whether RPW sterile males (irradiated at 60 and 80 Gy) could compete sexually with non-irradiate males. Laboratory bio-assays under both no-choice and choice conditions assessed sexual performance in terms of number of matings, mating duration and time elapsed until the first mating. The results confirmed that irradiation does not negatively affect the mating performance of sterile males, demonstrating their ability to compete successfully with non-irradiated males in both experimental setups.
Plasma Shape and Fuelling Dependence on the Small ELM Regime in TCV and AUG

A series of experiments has been conducted at AUG and TCV to disentangle the role of fueling, plasma triangularity and closeness to a double null (DN) configuration for the onset of the small ELM regime. At AUG, the role of the SOL density has been revisited. Indeed, it turns out that a large density SOL is not a sufficient condition to achieve the Type-II (small) ELM regime. This has been demonstrated with a constant gas fueled plasma close to DN which has been progressively shifted down, relaxing therefore the closeness to DN at constant d (q95=4.5, k=1.8, fG=0.85, d=0.4). As the plasma is moved down, Type-I ELMs are progressively restored, finally being the unique ELM regime. Since the entire pedestal profiles are unchanged by the transition from Type-II to Type-I ELMs, we conclude that the separatrix density is not the unique key parameter. At TCV, a systematic scan in the fueling rate has been done for a medium triangularity plasma shape (q95=4.5, k=1.5, fG=0.4-0.5, d=0.4). As the D2 fueling is increased, the Type-I ELM frequency decreases and small ELMs are observed in between large ones. The mixed ELM regime is accompanied by an increase of the density at the separatrix. Increasing the triangularity from d=0.38 to d=0.54 (q95=4.5, k=1.5, fG=0.45) is sufficient to have a well-controlled density with fully stabilized Type-I ELMs and only grassy ELMs. In this regime, the global confinement is maintained and the peak heat flux at the outer target is reduced by a factor of 10. The pedestal stability analysis shows that the intermediate-n peeling-ballooning boundary expands considerably in the high triangularity case, suggesting that grassy ELMs are caused by high-n ballooning modes affecting a much smaller region of the pedestal. ___________________________________________________________________________ * See the author list of “S. Coda et al 2017, Nucl. Fusion. 57 102011” † See the author list of “A. Kallenbach et al 2017, Nucl. Fusion. 57 102015” ‡ See the author list of “H. Meyer et al 2017 Nucl. Fusion 57 102014”
A correlation between GALEX FUV magnitude and chromospheric activity among red giant stars

Abstract It is shown that upon combining GALEX far-ultraviolet and Johnson B magnitudes a resultant FUV–B colour can be obtained that for red giant stars of luminosity classes III and II correlates well with chromospheric emission in the cores of the Mg ii h and k lines. Giant stars throughout the colour range 0.8 ≤ B – V ≤ 1.6 exhibit such a phenomenon. The main result of this paper is to show that GALEX far-ultraviolet photometry can provide information about the degree of chromospheric activity among red giant stars, and as such may offer a tool for surveying the evolution of chromospheric activity from the main sequence into the red giant phases of stellar evolution.