Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Examining Trip-Chaining Behavior: Comparison of Travel by Men and Women

Gender and household life cycle together affect daily travel behavior. Although this makes intuitive sense, transportation planners and policy makers have done little to understand what effect and impact these factors have on daily transportation choices. The 1995 Nationwide Personal Transportation Survey was used to examine trip-chaining behavior of adult men and women traveling Monday through Friday. The data show that women continue to make more trips to perform household-sustaining activities such as shopping and family errands to a greater extent than men. Women, especially with children in the household, are more likely to chain these household-sustaining trips to the trip to and from work. Women’s participation in the labor force is at an all-time high, but women’s patterns in travel to work are different from men’s patterns, and they vary with family and life-cycle status. The type and location of jobs that women take are likely affected by their greater household and family responsibilities. The biggest question for the future is whether and how the changes in women’s status in the workplace, and perhaps the concomitant change in the household dynamics and responsibilities, will affect travel behavior of both men and women. These changes will deeply affect the development of programs related to transit, land-use planning, work schedules, telecommuting, and other programs related to automobile use.
Real time self tuning controller for induction motor based on PI method

The self-tuning speed control of induction motor drives is presented using proportional plus integral (PI) method combined with the recursive least squares parameter estimation method to regulate the motor speed and load variation. To obtain good tracking and control characteristics, a PI self-tuning controller is adopted and the design procedure is developed for systematically finding its parameters according to the recursive least square method. The performance of the PI self-tuning controller greatly improves due to the integral action which eliminate the disturbance and the steady-state error. In addition, the RLS identification minimizes the error between the actual plant parameter and the recently estimated plant parameter.
Simulating the Spread of an Outbreak of Foot and Mouth Disease in California

Abstract : Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious viral disease affecting cloven-hoofed domestic and some wild animals. A hypothetical outbreak of FMD begun in California was recently estimated to have a national impact of up to $55 billion, mostly due to international trade restrictions (Carpenter, O'Brien, Hagerman, & McCarl, 2011). Therefore, preparedness for an outbreak is a high priority within the livestock industry, and state and federal government. We use simulation and a designed experiment to identify robust governmental and industrial surveillance response strategies to control the spread of FMD. A strategy is considered robust if it is effective across a number of outbreak scenarios and a variety of disease spread characteristics. The main contributions of this thesis are: (1) the development of FMD outbreak scenarios across California that can be used in conjunction with a state-of-the-art, animal disease simulation model, and (2) the development and analysis of an efficient experimental design that allows for the identification of key parameters affecting the spread and containment of an FMD outbreak. The analysis of over 400,000 simulations in the experimental design indicates two key areas for the control ofFMD: (1) surveillance activities at dairy and dairy-like premises are a dominant factor in early identification of the disease and increased surveillance leads to lower impacts of an outbreak; and (2) fast initial response and capacity of depopulation resources are also key factors in controlling an FMD outbreak, even when no preemptive depopulation strategies are considered.
Post-disturbance transient stability assessment of power systems by a self-adaptive intelligent system

Intelligent system (IS) using synchronous phasor measurements for transient stability assessment (TSA) has received continuous interests recently. For post-disturbance TSA, one pivotal concern is the response time, which was reported in the literature as a fixed value ranging from 4 cycles to 3 s after fault clearance. Since transient instability can develop very fast, there is a pressing need for faster response speed. This paper develops a novel IS to balance the response speed and accuracy requirements. A set of classifiers are sequentially organised, each is an ensemble of extreme learning machines (ELMs), whose inputs are post-disturbance generator voltage trajectories and outputs are the classification on the stable/unstable status of the post-disturbance system and an evaluation of the credibility of the classification. A self-adaptive TSA decision-making mechanism is designed to progressively adjust the response time, such that the IS can do the classification faster, thereby allowing more time for emergency controls. The ELM ensemble classifiers can also be updated by on-line pre-disturbance TSA results due to its very fast learning speed. Case studies on the New England system and IEEE 50-machine system have validated the high efficiency and accuracy of the IS.
Keramik Motif Batik Malangan Sebagai Ikon Baru Kampung Keramik Dinoyo Kota Malang Jawa Timur

Salah satu alasan menurunnya popularitas suatu produk adalah karena kurangnya inovasi dan pengembangan produk yang sebelumnya menjadi daya tarik pengunjung dan konsumen. Kampung Keramik Dinoyo adalah kumpulan usaha kecil dan menengah (UKM) di sektor gerabah yang cukup unik di kota Malang. Keramik tembikar yang dibuat dari bahan khusus, yaitu tanah liat yang mengandung kaolinit, dan bahan lainnya, yaitu: barclay / pucung, feldspar, gelas air, dan kobalt dengan berbagai warna. Keramik yang diproduksi oleh Dinoyo memiliki pola warna dan desain yang menekankan keindahan alam, di mana pola bunga, dedaunan dan tanaman membentuk karakteristik mereka sendiri untuk kerajinan keramik dari Dinoyo. Namun, sejak 2016, pengunjung ke desa keramik dan mereka yang tertarik dengan produk keramik terus menurun, ini disebabkan oleh kurangnya inovasi dan menurunnya proses pemasaran. Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini didedikasikan untuk mengamati dan menganalisis situasi yang menghasilkan kesepakatan dengan mitra yaitu adanya inovasi batik decal untuk dekorasi dan laminasi keramik. Inovasi teknologi Decal ini adalah hasil penelitian pelayan yang telah diuji pada beberapa objek, misalnya barang-barang lama yang terbuat dari besi, kuningan, plastik dan lainnya. Dengan menggunakan teknik decal pada hasil akhir dari keramik mampu menghemat waktu pengerjaan dan meningkatkan nilai jual produk. Tema yang diangkat guna mengupayakan inovasi di kampong keramik Dinoyo adalah motif dekorasi Batik Malangan. Dengan inovasi baru ini, diharapkan dapat mengangkat kembali aktivitas dan ketenaran Kampung Keramik Dinoyo di mata domestik dan luar negeri.
Sensitivity analysis of burn integrals with respect to thickness of epidermis

In the paper the numerical analysis of thermal process proceeding in the domain of one-dimensional skin tissue subjected to an external heat source is presented. The degree of the skin burn can be predicted on the basis of Henriques integrals. Main subject of paper is the sensitivity analysis of these integrals with respect to the thicknesses of epidermis and dermis. On the stage of numerical realization the boundary element method has been used. 1. Governing equation The skin is treated as a multilayer domain, in which one can distinguish the following sub-domains: epidermis Ω1 of thickness L1 − L0 [m], dermis Ω2 of thickness L2 − L1 and sub-cutaneous region Ω3 of thickness L3 − L2 Figure 1. Fig. 1. Skin tissue domain The transient bioheat transfer in the domain of skin is described by the following system of Pennes equations [1]:
OFFERING INTERDISCPLINARY COURSES: THE WHY, THE HOW AND THE WHAT

Students in their future workplace will likely face multifaceted challenges; as such, solutions require integration and collaboration across disciplines. An interdisciplinary instruction benefits students’ learning by exposing them to fundamental topics and perspectives that they would not have been able to obtain easily within their programs. Peer learning and interactions by students from different backgrounds provides further learning opportunities. The paper is a reflection of the experience of the four instructors involved in teaching an interdisciplinary course in the area of energy who were from four distinct Faculties over the period of 2010-2012. Planning well in advance is important to allow instructors from different backgrounds with varied traditions in teaching to develop a working rapport. Throughout the planning stages dedicated administrative support must be provided to facilitate attending to logistics of setting up the course within the university system. The right incentivise for the instructors should also be provided due to higher than normal time commitment. What was learnt that there is a need to provide both foundation material and more advanced perspectives simultaneously given the diverse background of students and topics in an interdisciplinary course. Also, it was found that instructors benefitted from teaching such a course by learning from traditions and methods in another discipline, and went on to improve other courses in their discipline both in content and teaching style. It was also found that lack of integration with “regular” programs, or “official” endorsing can dissuade some students from participating. Other lessons include issues around instructor team’s chemistry, course content design, e.g. the need for group projects to internalize the material, and the use of technology.
Directional difference‐based switching median filters

In this paper, a new median filter is proposed that has robustness without relying on the noise generation probability. The proposed filter has a configuration with an impulse detector in the prior stage of the filter. Since this detector has a superior signal estimation capability of the directional difference filter, impulse noise can be detected effectively even if generated at a high generating ratio and as a burst. In the median filter in the later stage, inclusion of the output values of the directional filter and successive updating of the signal values (successive process) are introduced. Hence, while the noise elimination capability of the conventional median filter is retained, the signal preservation at the details and edges can be improved. Therefore, the noise elimination filter proposed in this paper is abundant in robustness against variations of the gray scale, the generation probability, and the impulse adding situation. Its restoration results for images with superposed impulse noise at a high generation probability confirm the improvement of performance. In this paper, the effectiveness of the proposed impulse detector is first demonstrated. It is proven through processing examples that a better image processing result can be obtained from its combination with a newly configured median filter. At the same time, the robustness of the proposed procedure under various conditions is demonstrated. The effectiveness of the proposed method in the final restored image is verified. © 2001 Scripta Technica, Electron Comm Jpn Pt 3, 85(3): 22–32, 2002
Effect of the car-following combinations on the instability of heterogeneous traffic flow

Heterogeneous traffic flow contains the mixed operation of the different vehicle classes such as cars, trucks and buses. Previous study has indicated that the overall stability of the heterogeneous traffic flow is governed by a weighted mean of stability parameters corresponding to each vehicle class and is not affected by the order in which a vehicle class is put into the system, for example either car or truck. However, it has been recently reported that the effect of mixed composition on traffic flow dynamics is also determined by the car-following vehicle type, that is either car following a car or car following a truck. This paper aims at investigating analytically how different car-following combinations (i.e. the following type) influence the overall stability of heterogeneous traffic flow dynamics. More specifically, we will consider the four types of car-following behaviour such as car–car, car–truck, truck–car, and truck–truck. The effect of such car-following types on the overall linear stability condition of the heterogeneous traffic flow will be studied using a generalised multi-class car-following model in which the optimal speed function is not only dependent on the the space headway between two consecutive vehicles as in previous study of Mason and Woods [1997. “Car-following Model of Multispecies Systems of Road Traffic. ” Physical Review E: 2203–2214] but also on the and the relative speed between those two consecutive vehicles.
Solvent‐Cast‐Assisted Printing of Biomimetic Morphing Hydrogel Structures with Solvent Evaporation‐Induced Swelling Mismatch

A facile approach is reported for manufacturing morphing hydrogel structures based on solvent‐cast‐assisted printing. Poly(stearyl acrylate‐co‐acrylic acid) (P(SA‐co‐AAc)) ethanol solution is printed into fibers in air, where evaporation of the solvent led to sol–gel transition of the “ink”. The printability of ink can be effectively regulated by polymer concentration (Cp) and nozzle diameter. After swelling the printed structures into water, the alkyl chains of SA units are segregated into hydrophobic domains, crosslinking the tough hydrogels. The swelling ratio and mechanical properties of printed gel varied with evaporation time before being swollen in water. Smooth hydrogel fibers with a diameter of ≈200 µm and good mechanical properties can be obtained by evaporating 70–80 wt% of the solvent in 1 h. The upper layer of printed fibers, undergoing less evaporation period, exhibits higher swelling ratio yet reduced modulus than the bottom one. Using this swelling mismatch, diverse morphing hydrogel constructs are achieved by controlling the printed patterns. After swelling, these hydrogel constructs show controllable deformations with bioinspired morphologies. This facile strategy could be applicable for the printing of other tough physical hydrogels that are soluble in low boiling‐point solvents, with controllable architectures and morphing capacity under external stimuli.
The Impact of Ice Formation on Wind Turbine Performance and Aerodynamics

Wind energy is the world's fastest growing source of electricity production; if this trend is to continue, sites that are plentiful in terms of wind velocity must be efficiently utilized. Many such sites are located in cold, wet regions such as the Swiss Alps, the Scandinavian coastline, and many areas of China and North America, where the predicted power curves can be of low accuracy, and the performance often deviates significantly from the expected performance. There are often prolonged shutdown and inefficient heating cycles, both of which may be unnecessary. Thus, further understanding of the effects of ice formation on wind turbine blades is required. Experimental and computational studies are undertaken to examine the effects of ice formation on wind turbine performance. The experiments are conducted on a dynamically scaled model in the wind turbine test facility at ETH Zurich. The central element of the facility is a water towing tank that enables full-scale nondimensional parameters to be more closely matched on a subscale model than in a wind tunnel. A novel technique is developed to yield accurate measurements of wind turbine performance, incorporating the use of a torquemeter with a series of systematic measurements. These measurements are complemented by predictions obtained using a commercial Reynolds-Averaged Navier―Stokes computational fluid dynamics code. The measured and predicted results show that icing typical of that found at the Guetsch Alpine Test Site (2330 m altitude) can reduce the power coefficient by up to 22% and the annual energy production (AEP) by up to 2%. Icing in the blade tip region, 95―100% blade span, has the most pronounced effect on the wind turbine's performance. For wind turbines in more extreme icing conditions typical of those in Bern Jura, for example, icing can result in up to 17% losses in AEP. Icing at high altitude sites does not cause significant AEP losses, whereas icing at lower altitude sites can have a significant impact on AEP. Thus, the classification of icing is a key to the further development of prediction tools. It would be advantageous to tailor blade heating for prevention of ice buildup on the blade's tip region. An "extreme" icing predictive tool for the project development of wind farms in regions that are highly susceptible to icing would be beneficial to wind energy developers.
A general purpose voltage regulated current-source inverter power supply

Standard general purpose 50/60/400 Hz power supplies use voltage source inverters (VSIs) to create an AC voltage bus for a variety of applications. The proposed voltage regulated current source inverter (VR-CSI) offers similar performance to VSIs. It is shown that it can maintain balanced sinusoidal voltages for the two extreme cases of nonlinear and unbalanced loads. Added advantages include regenerative capabilities, inherent short circuit protection and increased reliability resulting from the current source structure. Voltage controller design considerations and simulation and experimental results on a 2 kVA unit are presented. <<ETX>>
Fuzzy Relation Analysis for Multicriteria Water Resources Management

This paper is a summary of the efforts of Working Committee 4 (WC4) for the Great Lakes–St. Lawrence River Basin water levels reference study. A fuzzy relation analysis (FRA) model was used to analyze (including ordering, rating, ranking, and screening) numerous disparate alternatives that had accumulated over the course of WC4's study. Compared with other multicriteria methods for impact assessment under uncertainty, the FRA has advantages in data availability, computational requirements, and results interpretation. Relative strengths and weaknesses of different alternatives were evaluated by relating their impacts to a number of evaluation subcriteria. The results indicated that reasonable solutions have been generated, which were helpful for governments/stakeholders to obtain insights into the interrelationships between different system components. They, with results of other International Joint Commission research projects, also provided useful bases for assessing the relative effectiveness of differe.
Liquid-crystal-based reflectarray antenna with electronically switchable monopulse patterns

A printed reflectarray antenna, which generates a beam that can be electronically switched from a sum to a difference radiation pattern, is presented. This is achieved by applying a bias voltage of 20 V to one- half of the aperture, which is constructed above a 500 mum cavity containing liquid crystals. Simulated results are shown to be in good agreement with measurements at X-band.
10 x 111 Gbit/s 50 GHz spaced, POLMUX-RZ-DQPSK transmission over 2375 km employing coherent equalisation

We demonstrate spectrally efficient (2.0 b/s/Hz) transmission of 10 x 111 Gbit/s polarisation multiplexed 27.75 Gbaud RZ-DQPSK over 2375km of SSMF and 5 add-drop nodes. Coherent equalisation enables polarisation recovery and high chromatic dispersion tolerance.
The case for community-based approaches to integrated governance of climate change and health: perspectives from Lagos, Nigeria

In many low- and middle-income countries, urbanisation and urban development are characterised by hazards that conspire with climatic risks and socio-economic vulnerability to influence population health inequality now and in the future. A large part of the epidemiological profile across countries in the �Global South�, has been influenced by a rapid rate of urbanisation and interlinked factors such as climate and ecology. This necessitates an integrated approach to governance for health and climate change. Through three case studies in Lagos, we explore real-life examples that demonstrate these interdependencies, noting approaches taken and missed opportunities. We conclude by reflecting on these experiences, as well as historical examples of comprehensive systems approaches to health, to propose a community-oriented model for integrated climate change and health action in rapidly growing cities.
Long Life Microchannel Plate (L2MCPtm)

The Long Life Microchannel Plate is a new version of the microchannel plate. The glass structure is specially formulated for high temperature processing. It offers superior electrical characteristics. Its features are: 1. Longevity - substantially greater electrical stability of the strip current and gain. 2. Superior dark noise to that of the standard microchannel plate. 3. Can be recycled more than the standard microchannel plate. 4. Can be vacuum baked at higher temperatures for optimum tube outgassing and better performance. In-house MCP electrical life test has shown that in three separate experimental cycles, Long Life Microchannel Plates are substantially more stable than our standard microchannel plates. The U. S. Army's Night Vision Laboratories have evaluated two tubes with L2 MCPs. The results were: superior MCP electron gain, better strip current and dark noise than a tube which was built with a standard microchannel plate.
High field conduction and space charge formation in polypropylene film

High-field conduction and space-charge formation in polypropylene (PP) film at high temperatures was studied by measuring charging and discharge currents. The electric-field dependence of the charging current was divided into three regions: the low-, the medium-, and the high-field region. In the high-field region, the increase of the charging current with electric field is depressed from the Schottky line, and anomalous discharging currents which flow in the same direction as the charging currents were observed. The appearance depended on the anode metal rather than the cathode and was most remarkable under the condition of an Au anode and Al cathode. The breakdown tests were also made at 100 degrees C with different combinations of electrode metals. The samples with the Au anode showed a lower breakdown strength than those with the Al anode. These processes may be caused by the hetero-space charge formation near the anode. <<ETX>>
Risk Evaluation of the Wind Power Project Investment Based on BP Neural Network

With the rapid development of the society, more and more countries have been increasingly optimistic about wind power projects because of its advantages, such as non-polluting, renewable, energy-saving and emission reduction. While facing the temptation of high profit, it is necessary to assess the risks of wind power project investment scientifically. Therefore, this article combines with the risk characteristics of wind power project under the current social environment to build a evaluation index system of wind power project to evaluate the risk of wind power project based on BP neural network.
Predictive Voltage Hierarchical Controller Design for Islanded Microgrids Under Limited Communication

To improve the voltage and power sharing of distributed generations, the hierarchical controls are widely used in microgrids while the dependent communication network makes it difficult to ensure the performance under limited bandwidth. In this paper, a predictive voltage hierarchical controller is designed. With the delayed secondary PI compensation signals, an inner-loop robust control is designed in the primary controller, ensuring stable voltage tracking. Then, a predictive controller is designed to provide neighbor and local predictions, such that the data integrity is improved by an accurate predictive compensation under bidirectional data-loss. Final case study results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.