Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Alternative agricultural extension functionaries in India: Substantive role of (ICTs) - study of e-Choupal

Agricultural extension is now backing on the development agenda. The acknowledged failure of the traditional extension model in India has stimulated debate on extension reforms and the introduction of new extension models. Further, Indian agriculture has recorded an al arming ‘knowledge gap’ where ‘knowledge’ became central to agricultural production. The role of extension functionaries today is more challenging and demands structural and functional changes to meet the holistic needs of farmers and they have to equip themselves to cope with the drastic chance and dire needs. Agricultural extension is not only about imparting knowledge and securing adoption of improved practices but it also aims at changing the outlook of farmers. Moreover, Indian agriculture is undergoing a rapid transformation under globalization from a simple making a living to complex endeavour. Information revolution leads to fundamental changes in economic, political, social and cultural relations. Information technology is the lifeblood of many other technologies. It is opined that there is direct relationship between communication and development of agricultural sector. New information technology provides the opportunity for innovation. The ‘free flow of information’ will help the farmers is to overcome the knowledge gap and the availability of the new technology lead farmers to make real choice. This paper emphasizes on the role of ICTs in contemporary agricultural context and critically understands the failure of traditional extension functionaries.
Disseminated Tuberculosis With an Atypical Cutaneous Manifestation in a Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Patient in the Early Posttransplant Period: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Abstract We describe an unusual case of posttransplant tuberculosis reactivation in a man who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant. Concomitant with disseminated adenovirus infection, reactivation of tuberculosis manifested as disseminated, nonfollicular pustules on day +49. Skin biopsy was obtained on day +50. Initial histopathologic evaluation did not suggest mycobacterial infection, but tissue stain showed acid-fast organisms, which were subsequently identified as Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Shortly after the cutaneous presentation of tuberculosis, the patient died on day +52. Our case is among a paucity of reports describing tuberculosis reactivation in hematopoietic cell transplant patients in the early posttransplant period. It highlights the difficulty of diagnosing contemporaneous systemic infections, and it presents a rare and atypical cutaneous manifestation of tuberculosis in a hematopoietic cell transplant patient. Our case and review of the literature emphasize the need for further research to elucidate risk factors associated with early posttransplant reactivation of tuberculosis, and the importance of remaining vigilant for active tuberculosis in hematopoietic cell transplant patients with epidemiologic risk factors.
Collapse of self-gravitating protostellar condensations in DR 21

Les observations VLA des raies d'inversion (J,K)=(1,1) et (3,3) de NH 3 de la region de formation stellaire DR 21 sont presentees. Les deux nuages denses isoles situes au sud et au nord-est de l'amas DR 21 de regions H II sont analyses et semble avoir subi un effondrement gravitationnel aux premieres etapes de la formation stellaire
Role Of Aromatherapy On Anxiety, Pain, Sleep Quality, And Hemodynamic Parasmetrs In Burn Patients; A Systematic Review Of Clinical Trials

Aromatherapy refers to the use of volatile oils or aromas extracted from plants for therapeutic purposes. The present study was intended to systematically review the effects of aromatherapy with various essential oils in burn patients. This review was according to the 06-PRISMA standards by searching in the English databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect to find papers about the effects of aromatherapy with herbal essential oils in burn patients with no time limitation. We used the keywords of “lavender”, “rose”, “essential oil”, “aromatherapy”, “burn”, “anxiety”, “pain”. From 6630 papers, 10 articles up to June 2022, met the inclusion criteria for analysis in the current systematic review. The most studies were carried out on the effect of aromatherapy with rose essential oil (4, 40%), lavender essential oil (3, 30%), lavender along with rose essential oil (2, 20%), and lavender along with chamomile (1, 10%), respectively. The findings of the current systematic review revealed that aromatherapy especially with lavender and rose essential oil can improve the anxiety, pain, sleep quality, and hemodynamic parameters in burn patients. Hence, due to the convenience of using this method and the lack of reports of any complications and also the stability of hemodynamic status of patients in this method, it is recommended to use it for burn patients.
Producción de biocarbón a partir de la cáscara de Theobroma cacao L., cascarilla de Oryza sativa y Coffea arabica

El biocarbón es un carbón estable y altamente poroso producido por medio de la descomposición térmica de la biomasa, bajo un sistema de suministro limitado de oxígeno (O2) y ante temperaturas medias (<700°C); la investigación consistió en producir y caracterizar el biocarbón obtenido a partir de tres tipos de biomasa residual agrícola: cáscara de Theobroma cacao L. , cascarilla de Oryza sativa y cascarilla de Coffea arabica; para ello se procesio a la selección y recolección de la biomasa residual, acondicionamiento de la biomasa, diseño y construcción del horno pirolitico a escala, operación y mantenimiento del horno y caracterización del biocarbon a partir de la norma ASTM (1984) D1762-84:Standard Test Method for Chemical Analysis of Wood Charcoal. Como resultado se tuvo que el rendimiento de la producción de biocarbon a partir de la cascarilla de C. arabica fue de 46,05%, cascarilla de O. sativa fue de 44,40% y de la cascara de T. cacao fue de 9,70%; el porcentaje de material volátil fue inferior al 30% para los diferentes tipos de biocarbón, en cuanto al porcentaje de ceniza, el biocarbón producido a partir de la cáscarilla de O. sativa presentó un porcentaje elevado a diferencia del biocarbón de cascarilla de C. arabica, que obtuvó un porcentaje mínimo; el biocarbón de la cascara de T. cacao registró el valor más alto con un pH = 9,47. En la conductividad electrica se puede apreciar valores extremos desde 0,28 dS/m para el biocarbón de la cascarilla de O. sativa hasta un valor promedio de 2,53 dS/m correspondiente al biocarbón producido a partir de la cascarilla de C. arabica, por lo que se determino que existe hetorogeneidad en las propiedades fisicoquímicas, composición elemental y características microestructurales del biocarbón relacionado con la materia prima.
Fundamental Factors Effective in Developing a Local Model for Virtual University of Medical Sciences: A Qualitative Study

Background: Many studies have defined the term ‘virtual university’ as a learner-centered university. Over the past 20 years, the number of virtual universities, especially in medical sciences, has grown rapidly, and the number of online curricula is constantly increasing. On the other hand, regarding the challenges of higher education in the third millennium and considering the 20-Year National Vision of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the potential of information and communication technology, the need to move towards virtual academic education is felt more than ever. Objectives: Accordingly, attempts were made to discover the main and necessary factors affecting the development of a model for virtual university of medical sciences regarding Iran's cultural and social dimensions. Moreover, considering inadequate qualitative research, it was decided to conduct a qualitative study by examining the subjective phenomena and informants’ experiences in the field of virtual university of medical sciences in Iran to reveal their understanding of the main factors affecting the development of the local model for virtual universities of medical sciences. Methods: This qualitative study adopted a thematic content analysis approach. Seven participants were selected using the maximum-intensity sampling method. The data were collected using semi-structured interviews and analyzed according to Braun and Clarke's six-step comparative thematic analysis method. To observe data rigor, Guba and Lincoln's four criteria were used. Results: Out of the seven participants, three cases were male, and four persons were female. The analysis of the data resulted in 520 primary codes, 38 subcategories, and 13 categories. According to the participants' experiences, the four main themes extracted in this study were educational manifestation, technological appearance, Iranian context, and institutional virtual medical education. Conclusions: The data analysis revealed that the virtual university model could be developed by considering curriculum design based on learners’ cognitive needs as well as the effects of technologies on the formation of virtual education culture. Moreover, theories underpinning the traditional education system are no longer responding to the new changes in virtual education, and there is an urgent need for scientific theories tailored to virtual education to manage technology.
Energy harvester array using piezoelectric circular diaphragm for broadband vibration

A piezoelectric generator fabricated by multiple circular diaphragm piezoelectric harvesters array is provided to harvest power over a broad range of frequencies. Four harvesters with varies tip masses are incorporated on a board with an area of 98 × 98 mm2. In this case, four strong output power peaks are obtained over frequencies from 120 Hz to 225 Hz. With an optimum load resistance of 15 kΩ, the value of four output power peaks is, respectively, 5.14, 6.65, 9.7, and 10 mW for the generator under an acceleration of 9.8 m/s2. By choosing an appropriate combination of tip masses with piezoelectric elements in array, the frequency range of energy harvesting can be obviously widened to meet the broadband vibration.
Resonances of plates and cylinders: Guided waves

The study of the normal diffusion of an ultrasonic plane wave by cylinders and plates imbedded in the water shows resonances which are the natural modes of vibration. When a natural mode of an elastic target is excited, the energy which is stored during the forced excitation is emitted after the end of the forced excitation. The observation of backscattered spectra obtained by the Resonance Isolation and Identification Method (RIIM) from an aluminum cylinder shows supplementary resonances. The directivity pattern of the transducer is the cause of these supplementary resonances. The behavior of these resonances is analogous to the resonances of the plate. This leads us to study the natural modes of the cylinder. All the resonances which are experimentally detected may be considered as normal modes of the target. The results obtained on plates and cylinders have a common point: the generation of a guided wave by the excitation of a resonance.
Influencing factors that determine capital structure decisions: A review from the past to present

Abstract This review study seeks to assess the state of determinants of corporate capital structure over the last 7 years to aid discover gaps as opportunity for further research. The review used a sample of 68 published journal articles in divers high-ranked journals spanning the years 2014–2020. The review study considered criteria for inclusion and exclusion of the published journal articles. Findings from the review study reveal that study on capital structure determinants focuses largely on quantitative research than qualitative research and mixed research. Again, capital structure determinants research concentrates more on nonfinancial sector as against the financial sector. However, firm-level study has been realized to dominate the level of analysis space in comparison with industry-level, country-level and synthesis-level studies. Moreover, estimation technique centered greatly on regression analysis model in relation to others. Notwithstanding, the study observed that the pecking order theory is the most adopted in addressing issues of capital structure determinants. The authors provide analysis on research methodology approach and geographical region coverage as being part of addition made to reviews in this study area. Recommendations have been made for future review in the field of capital structure determinants.
Numerical study of internal wave reflection from sloping boundaries

The breaking of internal waves propagating in a stratified fluid of constant buoyancy frequency on a sloping boundary was investigated numerically. It was found that at the boundary, nonlinear non-resonant interactions between the incident and reflected waves produced higher-mode waves. These modes had frequencies greater than the local buoyancy frequency and so could not radiate from the interaction region. The energy level of trapped waves increased with time and subsequently led to overturning of the density field. At the critical frequency, when the reflected wave propagated in a direction parallel to the slope, wave overturning occurred near the wall, but the point of overturning moved off the bottom as the propagation angle changed away from that of the bottom slope as the waves became increasingly supercritical. The internal wave reflection coefficient generally increased as the effects of nonlinearity and viscosity decreased, but depended strongly on the forcing frequency and the angle of the sloping boundary.
Understanding the Relationship between Communication Competence and Social Media Use

ABSTRACT In the last couple of years, a high number of employers started raising concerns about the lack of soft skills in recent college graduates. Many have pointed to social media as hurting our face-to-face communication. Following these concerns, the purpose of our study was to examine the relationship between communication competence and social media use. One hundred and eighty-nine adults, ages 18 to 73, completed a survey rating their social media use and self-perceived communication competence. We measured communication competence using McCroskey and McCroskey scale, which measures communication competence in a variety of settings. The results showed that Instagram and Facebook were used for social compensation purposes, especially among participants who perceive themselves to have low communication competence skills. Generation-wise, older individuals were more competent when communicating in a variety of settings.
Dynamics of a Duffing-van der Pol oscillator with time delayed position feedback

The two main objectives of this article are (1) to determine the bifurcating periodic responses accurately and to study the effects of time delay and feedback gain on the steady state response in autonomous oscillators by means of the residue harmonic balance method; and (2) to study the dynamics of both the autonomous and non-autonomous Duffing-van der Pol oscillators with delayed position feedback as examples. The results of the steady state response to frequency and amplitude excitation versus the time delay, positive and negative feedback gains are studied. Both saddle-node and subcritical Hopf bifurcations are found and discussed. The obtained second-order solutions are in excellent agreement with numerical integration results. By combining both harmonic balance and polynomial homotopy continuation techniques, the superharmonic resonance responses of the non-autonomous oscillator are investigated in order to obtain all possible steady state solutions. The effects of the feedback gains and time delay on the steady state response are found analytically. It is shown that the fundamental and superharmonic amplitudes decrease with increasing feedback gain. Furthermore, the multiple symmetric solutions of the response amplitudes versus those of external excitation are detected when time delay becomes smaller.
A sensitivity analysis of frequency selective surface based metamaterial at THz frequency

This work presents a sensitivity analysis for the resonance frequency and bandwidth of dielectric supported Split Ring Resonator (SRR) metmaterial in THz frequency. The different designed parameters have been considered and their parametric sensitivities on resonance frequency and on bandwidth have been analyzed. The finite integral technique is used to simulate the structure and the numerical techniques are used to obtain the resonance frequency and bandwidth sensitivities as a function of the designed parameters. The analysis for sensitivity of the scattering parameters of metamaterial is especially very important in THz frequency range. The resonance frequency and the bandwidth are the main characteristics of a resonator Frequency Selective Surface (FSS). The development of FSS in mm-wave frequency range can be simplified by the knowledge of the sensitivity of their main characteristics as a function of the considered physical parameters. The FSS structure considered in this section is the square split ring resonator with copper strip lines backed by Roger 4003 C dielectric substrate. The FSS structure is simulated by using CST Microwave Studio transient solver. The resonance frequency and the bandwidth sensitivities as function structural parameters of FSS are obtained by using the simulation data. In this analysis, normal incident TE modes are considered.
Urban sustainability in Old City Centres, a Comparison Between the City of Najaf in Iraq and Italian Cities Experiences

This paper discusses the current situation in old cities of Iraq, which is not commensurate with the high prestige and sanctity of what it contains and what it represents of rarity and typicality. The aim of the research is to build a base of knowledge about the urban sustainability in development of the historic city centers and in particular city of Najaf, the center of Najaf. The research also explores the possibilities of benefiting from the Italian cities experiences to reach a state of consistency and harmony between the various planning dimensions, to keep the functional, structural and spatial sustainability and cultural heritage, and to create a sustainable environment for the occupants, visitors and workers. Theoretical part of the paper includes definitions for methods of dealing with historic cities then displays the treaties and conventions, which are important as they represent the gist of schematic scientific thought on the global level, Iraq is committed to (such as Athens Conference, the Hague Act 1954, Gobineau Conference in 1960, UNESCO 1962, UNESCO in 1962, the Kyoto criteria in 1967, the Paris meeting in 1968, the Rome Conference in 1972, the Rome Declaration in 1983, etc.) Then, second part studying Italian cities experiences of the historic centers, for example (Florence, Venice, Bologna), It is important to have a precise analysis according to the approved urban sustainability criteria.
A comparison of closure approximations for the Doi theory of LCPs

The behavior of the Doi model for liquid crystalline polymers, using a closure approximation due to Hinch and Leal (HL1), is studied and compared to the behavior using the simple quadratic closure. It is found that the HL1 closure gives some aphysical results for simple shear flow, but describes a much richer solution structure for this flow than the quadratic closure, including tumbling and wagging phenomena that are found both experimentally, and in solutions of the Doi theory without closure approximations. However, there is a very sharp transition in the predicted behavior as the flow is changed very slightly to one in which the strain rate exceeds the vorticity: the orientation distribution becomes flow aligning for all values of the nematic potential, and the phenomena of tumbling and wagging are suppressed completely. Although the quadratic closure model does not exhibit tumbling in simple shear flow, and thus has been sharply criticized as an approximation of the Doi model, it does exhibit tumblin.
Rival contact-angle models and the spreading of drops

The spreading of a drop of viscous fluid on a horizontal surface by capillarity has been studied by a number of authors. Different hypotheses have been advanced for the crucial questions of the contact angle at the moving rim of the drop. It is argued that there is one model that agrees with experiments and is economical in its hypotheses. On the basis of this model, the spreading rate is calculated for small static contact angles and for complete wetting (zero contact angle). The rates are also found when the spreading depends partially or dominantly on gravity.
The consistency assessment of topological relations in cartographic generalization

The field of research in the generalization assessment has been less studied than the generalization process itself, and it is very important to keep topological relation consistency for meeting generalization quality. This paper proposes a methodology to assess the quality of generalized map from topological relations consistency. Taking roads (including railway) and residential areas for examples, from the viewpoint of the spatial cognition, some issues about topological consistency in different map scales are analyzed. The statistic information about the inconsistent topological relations can be obtained by comparing the two matrices: one is the matrix for the topological relations in the generalized map; the other is the theoretical matrix for the topological relations that should be maintained after generalization. Based on the fuzzy set theory and the classification of map object types, the consistency evaluation model of topological relations is established. The paper proves the feasibility of the method through the example about how to evaluate the local topological relations between simple roads and residential area finally.
Filamentary model of dielectric breakdown

A dielectric breakdown model based on the phenomenological description of the nucleation and growth of filaments is proposed. This description involves different characteristic times according to the interfacial or bulk nature of the growth processes. The resulting time to breakdown distribution presents Weibull or bimodal shape according to the relative values of those characteristic times. In particular, the variation in the Weibull slope with thickness is observable when the interfacial process characteristic time is the larger. Bimodal shapes are observable when the characteristics times are in the same range and the surface scaling of the distributions influences the apparent Weibull slopes. The model is compared to experimental constant voltage stress and linear ramp voltage stress measurements made on metal insulator metal and metal oxide semiconductors structures. The physical parameters extracted are discussed. Breakdown electric fields are derived as functions of temperature, dielectric thicknes.
A necessary and sufficient condition for finite speed of propagation in the theory of doubly nonlinear degenerate parabolic equations

A degenerate parabolic partial differential equation with a time derivative and first- and second-order derivatives with respect to one spatial variable is studied. The coefficients in the equation depend nonlinearly on both the unknown and the first spatial derivative of a function of the unknown. The equation is said to display finite speed of propagation if a non-negative weak solution which has bounded support with respect to the spatial variable at some initial time, also possesses this property at later times. A criterion on the coefficients in the equation which is both necessary and sufficient for the occurrence of this phenomenon is established. According to whether or not the criterion holds, weak travelling-wave solutions or weak travelling-wave strict subsolutions of the equation are constructed and used to prove the main theorem via a comparison principle. Applications to special cases are provided.