Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Job burnout among polish nurses - influence of mobbing and coping with stress

Mobbing behaviours at workplaces and occupational burnout have negative impacts on the working and private lives. Mobbing, irrespective of its intensity, represents one of the most significant stressors and often leads to an irreversible psycho-deterioration of an individual. Overcoming a stressful situation at work requires specifying the methods for coping with stress resulting in job burnout. Job burnout is a complex syndrome of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and reduced personal accomplishment. The aim of these study was to analyze interrelationships between mobbing, coping with stress and job burnout among nurses.The study included 86 nurses of various specialties, who gave their consent to participate in the project, were examined. The average age of the nurses was 37.7 years, and the average job seniority was 12.6 years. The study were conducted in 2019-2020 in hospitals of Southern Poland. and was based on the following instruments: Sociodemographic survey, The Negative Acts Questionnaire (NAQ), COPE Inventory and Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). The presented studies showed a statistically significant and consistent relationship between the intensity of perceived mobbing in nurses and the results obtained on the scale of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. A relationship was found between the preference for some specific stress management strategies and job burnout level, also after adjustment for the mobbing intensity, age and seniority of the respondents, thus empirically confirming a multifaceted nature of the unfavorable phenomena related to the work of a nurse.It was found that there is interrelationships between mobbing, coping with stress and job burnout among nurses.
The Cellular Dysfunction of the Brain–Blood Barrier from Endothelial Cells to Astrocytes: The Pathway towards Neurotransmitter Impairment in Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia (SCZ) is an articulated psychiatric syndrome characterized by a combination of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. Our intention is to present a pathogenetic model combining SCZ alterations and the main cellular actors of the blood–brain barrier (BBB): endothelial cells (ECs), pericytes, and astrocytes. The homeostasis of the BBB is preserved by the neurovascular unit which is constituted by ECs, astrocytes and microglia, neurons, and the extracellular matrix. The role of the BBB is strictly linked to its ability to preserve the biochemical integrity of brain parenchyma integrity. In SCZ, there is an increased BBB permeability, demonstrated by elevated levels of albumin and immunoglobulins in the cerebrospinal fluid, and this is the result of an intrinsic endothelial impairment. Increased BBB permeability would lead to enhanced concentrations of neurotoxic and neuroactive molecules in the brain. The pathogenetic involvement of astrocytes in SCZ reverberates its consequences on BBB, together with the impact on its permeability and selectivity represented by the EC and pericyte damage occurring in the psychotic picture. Understanding the strict interaction between ECs and astrocytes, and its consequent impact on cognition, is diriment not only for comprehension of neurotransmitter dyshomeostasis in SCZ, but also for focusing on other potential therapeutic targets.
Comparison of Toughening Effects of Various Additives on Phenolic Foam

Phenolic foams (PFs) are considered excellent insulation materials owing to their flame retardancy and low thermal conductivity. However, their mechanical properties often lag behind those of other polymeric insulation materials. To fully exploit their properties and broaden end-use applications, the mechanical properties of PFs must be enhanced. In this study, various modifications were introduced into the PF matrix with the aim of enhancing its properties. The toughening effects of four additives: urea (U), nano clay (NC), sodium silicate (SS), and lignin (Li) were studied and compared. Changes that occurred in the density, cell morphology, thermal conductivity, compressive strength, and thermal stability after the addition of these fillers were analyzed. Both compressive strength and thermal stability increased with the inclusion of all additives, and the SS-toughened foam shows the biggest improvement. Li and NC addition resulted in a 34% improvement in compressive strength, while SS and U addition displayed increases of 52 and 11%, respectively. SS-toughened PF shows greater improvements in all of the important properties compared with those of the other toughened foams. Several PFs were prepared by changing the SS concentration to optimize the formulation, which yielded improvements in properties. The effects of SS concentration on density, thermal conductivity, and compressive strength were studied. The formulation with 0.37% sodium silicate concentration (PF-SS1) shows a 15% improvement in mechanical properties.
Estimation of volcanic ash emissions through assimilating satellite data and ground‐based observations

In this paper, we reconstruct the vertical profile of volcanic ash emissions by assimilating satellite data and ground‐based observations using a modified trajectory‐based 4D‐Var (Trj4DVar) approach. In our previous work, we found that the lack of vertical resolution in satellite ash column data can result in a poor estimation of the injection layer where the ash is emitted into the atmosphere. The injection layer is crucial for the forecast of volcanic ash clouds. To improve estimation, Trj4DVar was implemented, and it has shown increased performance in twin experiments using synthetic observations. However, there are some cases with real satellite data where Trj4DVar has difficulty in obtaining an accurate estimation of the injection layer. To remedy this, we propose a modification of Trj4DVar, test it with synthetic twin experiments, and evaluate real data performance. The results show that the modified Trj4DVar is able to accurately estimate the injection height (location of the maximal emission rate) by incorporating the plume height (top of the ash plume) and mass eruption rate data obtained from ground‐based observations near the source into the assimilation system. This will produce more accurate emission estimations and more reliable forecasts of volcanic ash clouds. Also provided are two strategies on the preprocessing and proper use of satellite data.
A Robust Speech Emotion Detection Mechanism Using Supervised Deep Learning Paradigms

The research applies deep learning to SER, or voice recording emotion detection. Precision vocal emotion recognition has several applications, including human-computer interaction, virtual assistants, and healthcare. This study uses emotional-labeled spoken utterances to build an accurate SER system used to train the deep learning models like convolutional neural networks (CNNs). These models are popular for speech emotion recognition because they can learn complex voice signal patterns that indicate different moods. Accurate diagnosis involves more detailed sound analysis and mood or emotion recognition. This paper presents a comprehensive framework for SER from recorded audio samples using digital signal processing advances. The dataset's speech features spectrograms and pitch picture train the models. Speech analysis uses these features because they capture vocal tract and pitch aspects of the speech stream. After training, the models' classification accuracy their ability to correctly recognize unseen speech samples' emotional content is examined. To assess its performance, the best model is compared to the most advanced methods. Vgg16 CNN outperformed Mel-Spectrogram-featured Convolutional Neural Networks in this work. Emotion sound samples processed with CNN and mel-spectrogram achieved 89% accuracy, with better results using transfer learning (CNN-VGG16). Other classifiers like SVM, Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, and Random Forest yielded lower accuracy (60%-75%). Further research should explore composite feature sets for improved classification.
Detecting road poles from mobile terrestrial laser scanning data

Detecting road poles from mobile terrestrial laser scanner (MTLS) point clouds is important for many geographical information system (GIS) applications such as right-of-way asset inventory compilation. The aim of this research is to automatically detect the road poles from unorganized 3D point clouds captured by an MTLS system named TITAN. The proposed pole detection pipeline consists of a sequence of five steps: organizing the 3D point clouds and nearest neighbor search, 2D density-based segmentation, vertical region growing, segment merging, and pole classification. The obtained average detection rate and accuracy for the three data sets tested were 86% and 97%, respectively.
Inorganic and organic pollutants in atmospheric aerosols : chemical composition and source apportionment

In Italiano: Questo lavoro è il primo condotto in Veneto, Italia, con la collaborazione di ARPAV, che riguarda importanti inquinanti organici (OC / EC e IPA) e inorganici (elementi in tracce), che sono stati caratterizzati per un periodo di tempo relativamente lungo, al fine di quantificare i contributi per la formazione del PM2.5 a scala regionale. I campioni (n=360) sono stati raccolti da sei grandi città situate in 6 province da aprile 2012 a febbraio 2013. I risultati mostrano che OC, EC, IPA ed elementi in tracce hanno concentrazioni maggiori durante i mesi invernali in tutte le stazioni di campionamento: l'atmosfera stabile, il minore spessore dello strato di mescolamento e la temperatura giocano un ruolo importante per l'accumulo di inquinanti. I parametri meteorologici, soprattutto la velocità del vento e la temperatura, hanno una significativa influenza sull’accumulo di sostanze inquinanti provenienti da fonti locali. Infine, le possibili fonti di particolato sono state caratterizzate usando una procedura basata su Conditional Bivariate Probability Function, Diagnostic ratios and Factor Analysis. I risultati indicano che la combustione di biomassa per il riscaldamento domestico e la cottura, seguiti da traffico veicolare, combustione di petrolio e la risospensione di elementi crostali sono le principali fonti di particolato nella regione Veneto. In English: This work is the first one conducted in the Veneto region, Italy, with the collaboration of ARPAV and includes important organic (OC/EC and PAHs) and inorganic (trace elements) pollutants, which were characterized for a relatively long period of time in order to quantify the source contributions of PM2.5 at regional scale. Samples (n=360) were collected from six major cities located in 6 Provinces during April 2012 February 2013. Results show that OC, EC, PAHs and trace elements exhibited higher concentrations during winter months in all measurement sites, suggesting that a stable atmosphere and a lower mixing layer play an important role for the accumulation of pollutants. Meteorological parameters, especially wind velocity and temperature, significantly influence pollutant accumulation from local sources. Finally, the possible sources of particulate matter have been characterized using procedures like Conditional Bivariate Probability Function, Diagnostic ratios and Factor Analysis and results indicate that biomass burning for household heating and cooking, followed by vehicular traffic, oil combustion and resuspension of crustal elements are the main sources of particulate matter in the Veneto region. Firma dello student ___ _________ 1 Il titolo deve essere quello definitivo, uguale a quello che risulta stampato sulla copertina dell’elaborato consegnato.
Highly Responsive Gate-Controlled p-GaN/AlGaN/GaN Ultraviolet Photodetectors with a High-Transmittance Indium Tin Oxide Gate

This work presents highly responsive gate-controlled p-GaN/AlGaN/GaN ultraviolet photodetectors (UVPDs) on Si substrates with a high-transmittance ITO gate. The two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) in the quantum well of the polarized AlGaN/GaN heterojunction was efficiently depleted by the p-GaN gate, leading to a high photo-to-dark current ratio (PDCR) of 3.2 × 105. The quantum wells of the p-GaN/AlGaN and AlGaN/GaN heterojunctions can trap the holes and electrons excited by the UV illumination, thus efficiently triggering a photovoltaic effect and photoconductive effect, separately. Furthermore, the prepared photodetectors allow flexible adjustment of the static bias point, making it adaptable to different environments. Compared to traditional thin-film semi-transparent Ni/Au gates, indium tin oxide (ITO) exhibits higher transmittance. Under 355 nm illumination, the photodetector exhibited a super-high responsivity exceeding 3.5 × 104 A/W, and it could even exceed 106 A/W under 300 nm illumination. The well-designed UVPD combines both the advantages of the high-transmittance ITO gate and the structure of the commercialized p-GaN/AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs), which opens a new possibility of fabricating large-scale, low-cost, and high-performance UVPDs in the future.
Open-Circuit Fault-Tolerant Method for Half-Bridge Switches of Three-Level Quasi-Switched Boost T-Type Inverter to Improve Voltage Gain

The three-level quasi-switched boost T-type inverter (3L-qSBT2I) can feature buck-boost operating and shoot-through (ST) immunity with high voltage gain and low component voltage rating. In order to improve the reliability of 3L-qSBT2I, this paper proposes an open-circuit fault-tolerant (OC-FT) method to solve OC faults of semiconductor devices. Under this approach, OC faults of half-bridge switches of the T2I branch are addressed. To solve these faults, one extra normally-closed (NC) relay is integrated with the 3L-qSBT2I, which connects neutral points of DC-link voltage and inverter side. In normal condition, this relay is closed and the inverter operates like a conventional 3L-qSBT2I. In post-fault operation, this relay is opened and the inverter operates like a two-level inverter. A new two-level space vector modulation (SVM) scheme is introduced to control this inverter. Unlike any traditional OC-FT methods, in this proposed method, almost large voltage vectors are still used, in post-fault operating. Therefore, the voltage gain of the proposed method is increased compared to others. Comparison study and experimental results are presented to validate the proposed topology and FT method.
Chemical Bonding with or without Tunneling

A solid-state tunneling analysis is performed in order to assess whether a given chemical bond type is mediated by quantum mechanical electron tunneling. Four bond types are found to involve tunneling–covalent, ionic, polar covalent, and transition metal bonding. Two bond types do not rely on tunneling–free electron metal and van der Waals bonding. Cohesive energy is large for the four bonds involving tunneling due to tunneling-induced Coulombic energy storage, while it is small for the two bonds that do not involve tunneling. Coulombic energy storage is dynamic for covalent and strong polar covalent bonding, static for ionic bonding, and quasi-static for weak polar covalent bonding, where quasi-static pertains to tunneling times longer than ∼160 fs, the room-temperature vibrational attempt time. The cohesive energy of tungsten (W) is anomalously large, suggesting that chemical bonding in W is mediated by a two-electron d–d tunneling process in which charge polarity flips between W+W– and W–W+ with every two-electron tunneling event. All six bonds just listed are directly connected bonds, in contradistinction to a hydrogen bond, which is a bridge bond linking two adjacent atoms. A hydrogen bond is mediated by quantum mechanical electron tunneling. However, its cohesive energy is variable and can be either relatively large or very small depending on interatomic spacing.
Leontopodium alpinum Cass. – das Edelweiß

Zusammenfassung Es steht unter Naturschutz und kann dank Kultivierung dennoch genutzt werden: das Edelweiß. Der Innsbrucker Arbeitsgruppe um Hermann Stuppner verdanken wir eine intensive Analytik der Inhaltsstoffe und ihrer pharmakologischen Aktivitäten. In der Alpenregion wurde das Kraut von Leontopodium alpinum Cass. bzw. daraus hergestellte Zubereitungen arzneilich eingesetzt bei Bauchschmerzen, Angina, Bronchitis, Diarrhoe und Dysenterie; heute werden Edelweiß bzw. daraus gewonnene Extrakte nur noch in homöopathischen Mitteln, in kosmetischen Zubereitungen und vereinzelt in Lebensmitteln angewendet. Die phytochemische Untersuchung der gesamten Pflanze ergab ein breites Spektrum an Naturstoffen, wobei die Leontopodiumsäuren, Caffeoylchinasäuren, Flavonoide, Lignane, Cumarine sowie ein ätherisches Öl mit zahlreichen Terpenkomponenten charakteristisch sind. Moderne pharmakologische Untersuchungen bestätigen für Extrakte aus Edelweiß und daraus isolierte Einzelstoffe antiinflammatorische, analgetische und antimikrobielle Wirkungen sowie eine Hemmung der Peristaltik des Gastrointestinaltrakts und damit letztendlich die volksmedizinischen Anwendungsgebiete der Krautdroge von L. alpinum.
Construcción de la carrera e inteligencia emocional como antecedentes de identidad vocacional

Este artículo tiene un doble objetivo científico: Por un lado, se pretende llevar a cabo una validación del Inventario de Construcción de la Carrera para Estudiantes (ICCE) para su uso en la práctica de la orientación para la carrera con estudiantes. En segundo lugar, se pretende poner a prueba un modelo teórico que confirme la mediación ejercida por la construcción de la carrera en el efecto que la inteligencia emocional tiene sobre la identidad vocacional de los jóvenes. La muestra constaba de 590 estudiantes de universidad con una media de edad de 21.66 años. En la primera parte de los resultados, se mostró cómo el análisis factorial confirmatorio llevado a cabo corrobora la estructura factorial de los cinco factores diferentes contemplados en el modelo teórico: cristalización, exploración, toma de decisiones, desarrollo de destrezas y transición al mundo laboral, complementando los resultados de otros estudios previos. Los resultados encontrados también mostraron que los estudiantes con un mayor nivel de inteligencia emocional (IE) rasgo presentan un mayor nivel de identidad vocacional. Además, también se mostró que los estudiantes con una mayor puntuación en construcción de la carrera presentan mejores niveles de identidad vocacional. Lo más significativo de este estudio fue la comprobación de que existe un efecto positivo indirecto desde la IE rasgo hacia la identidad vocacional. Esto significa que la IE mejora la identidad vocacional de los estudiantes a través de una variable mediadora, en este caso la construcción de la carrera. En la discusión se argumentan las implicaciones de los resultados encontrados y se proponen líneas de actuación educativas en el ámbito de la orientación para la carrera.
High Power BandPass Filter Design for 5G Satellite Based Communications

In this paper an all metallic band pass filter with high power handling capability is proposed. The operating frequency bandwidth of the design can be determined by tuning the proposed modulation parameters of the ridge in the waveguide. As a proof of concept, a bandwidth from 11GHz up to 29GHz is selected to force the waveguide to operate in single mode scenario to mitigate multi mode dispersion by simply adding a transition from ridge waveguide to a normal one.
No Reason to Use Mesh in Groin Hernia Repair in Adolescents

Groin hernias are common and hernia repair is one of the most frequent surgical procedures performed worldwide. Despite this, there is no international guideline on the management of groin hernias in adolescents. Mesh reinforcement is used for repair in adults but not in young children. Adolescents, positioned between these age groups, pose unique challenges for surgeons due to their varying growth patterns. Placing a synthetic mesh in growing patients is a concern, particularly in relation to chronic pain. Traditionally, the hernia literature has defined adults as individuals aged 18 years and above. Considering that growth can continue until age 19, this review proposes a revised definition of adolescence for patients with groin hernias encompassing ages 10 to 19. Symptomatic groin hernias in adolescents should be repaired with an open non-mesh technique because of acceptable recurrence rates and the desire to avoid introducing synthetic foreign materials into young patients with ongoing growth potential. Watchful waiting is suggested for asymptomatic groin hernias, postponing repair until the adolescent has become a fully grown adult and symptoms from the hernia develop. Most groin hernias in adolescents are lateral hernias, but before pursuing a watchful waiting strategy in females, an ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging scan is suggested to rule out the presence of a femoral hernia that may need repair.
Antimicrobial efficacy of Propolis, Morinda citrifolia, Azadirachta indica (Neem) against Actinomyces Radicidentis: Invitro study

Objective: The objective of this in-vitro study was to evaluate and compare the antimicrobial activity of three endodontic herbal irrigating agents, Propolis, Azadirachtaindica (neem) and Morinda citrifiolia (MCJ) against Actinomyces adicidentis. Methods: Disk diffusion method was used. After the preparation of herbal medicine, few colonies were transferred in Trypticase Soy Broth (Hope Bio China) medium contained in a test tube and kept for overnight growth. Culture was centrifuged at 3000 rpm (Cence China) for 10 minutes and 0.5 McFarland standard prepared until optical density of 600 nm was achieved. The samples were collected and 1:10 serial dilution was prepared with it. 100 µL of the suspension was added to Columbia blood agar (Oxoid) plates by using streak method. Primary culture plates were incubated at 37? in 5% CO2 incubator for 24 hours. After 24 hour zone of inhibition was achieved, sample that were analyzed by counting the colony forming units. The ANOVA test was used for statistical analysis of the data. The level of significance was set at 0.05. Result: A quantitative and qualitative analysis showed complete inhibition. Neem showed the highest zone of inhibition against Actinomyces radicidentis followed by sodium hypochlorite, Propolis and MCJ. Neem, propolis, MCJ and NaOCl showed a significant reduction (p <0.05) in the mean CFU counts for bacteria reduction. Conclusion: An in vitro observation of herbs seems promising and is highly satisfactory. It seems herbs have better efficacy, bio compatibility, economics and easily available. NaOCL have several undesirable characteristic.
Strategic human resource development: A study of training and development in Nepalese commercial banks

The purpose of this study is to determine how strategic human resource development has been taken in the context of training and development by the employees of Nepalese commercial banks. Strategic human resource development has greater focus on training and development which can enable the management of banks to make appropriate policies and programs to strengthen the banks' profitability and efficiency. The qualitative case study research design is used in this study. Three research questions were set to seek the answers from the participants/ informants of commercial banks which were related to strategic human resource development (SHRD) and its relationship with training and development, SHRD and their issues in Nepalese commercial banks and new roles and structure that improve SHRD for training and development. Some human resource officials were taken as informants/participants from different commercial banks to furnish the answers. Data were gathered in verbatim form, transcribed, coded, and generated theme using qualitative data software Atlas-ti. This study concludes that SHRD can be a challenge for Nepalese commercial banks because of inadequate investment and a lack of alignment in T&D, by evaluating needs, determining essential skills, and implementing the appropriate programs that SHRD synchronizes T&D with business objectives, it may be useful to implement new structures and roles to enhance SHRD in Nepalese commercial banks.