Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Passive and active matrix addressed polymer light-emitting diode displays

Polymer LEDs provide a new alternative to LCDs for many display applications, and are particularly attractive because of their high brightness, near-perfect viewing angle, and very fast response time. In this paper, the basic technology used to form the LED structures, and the performance of these devices is presented. Then, the fabrication and driving of passive addressed matrix displays formed using this technology is discussed. Finally, the necessity for active matrix addressing for larger size and higher resolution displays is demonstrated, and it is shown that this is best achieved using low temperature poly-Si technology. The state-of-the-art poly-Si technology used for active matrix addressed LED displays is described, with particular reference to transistor variation, and the resulting non-uniformities in images on displays. A variety of different addressing techniques, and pixel circuits can be used to drive the LEDs in the active matrix, and the performances of these schemes are compared. These include the basic current source circuit; the modified current source circuit; transistor current mirror circuits; and circuits with optical feedback and correction for uniformity variation. Consideration is given both to analogue and to digital drive methods.
A two-phase audio-frequency oscillator

The subject matter of this paper deals with coupled oscillators, and shows the application of the phase relationships existing over the range of synchronism to the construction of a 2-phase oscillator. Various methods of coupling, in order to provide the necessary synchronizing e.m. f. , are investigated, with a view to obtaining an arrangement which will ensure stable phase relationships between the outputs. The ultimate 2-phase generator evolved is but slightly affected by changes in anode or filament battery voltages, so that the initial calibration is sufficiently accurate for general laboratory work.
K-band HBT and HEMT monolithic active phase shifters using vector sum method

Two monolithic 3-bit active phase shifters using the vector sum method to K-band frequencies are reported in this paper. They are separately implemented using commercial 6-in GaAs HBT and high electron-mobility transistor (HEMT) monolithic-microwave integrated-circuit (MMIC) foundry processes. The MMIC HBT active phase shifter demonstrates an average gain of 8.87 dB and a maximum phase error of 11/spl deg/ at 18 GHz, while the HEMT phase shifter has 3.85-dB average measured gain with 11/spl deg/ maximum phase error at 20 GHz. The 20-GHz operation frequency of this HEMT MMIC is the highest among all the reported active phase shifters. The analysis for gain deviation and phase error of the active phase shifter using the vector sum method due to the individual variable gain amplifiers is also presented. The theoretical analysis can predict the measured minimum root-mean-square phase error 4.7/spl deg/ within 1/spl deg/ accuracy.
Adsorption of Lead Ions from Aqueous Solutions onto Rice Husks, Continuous System

The continuous system of lead adsorption on rice husks was investigated in this paper. A fixed bed study was performed in many tests to investigate the influence of pH, the adsorbent height, the initial concentration of lead, the flow rate and processing time on the lead adsorption process. The results demonstrated that the lead removal capacity decreased when the pH value of the solution and the flow rate increased. The lead removal capacity in creased due to the decreased initial concentration of lead. The results showed that the removal capacity increases along with the processing time and the adsorbent height in column. The largest removal was (81%) at pH of 4, the adsorbent height (50 cm), the initial concentration of lead (10 mg/l), the processing time (90 min.) and the flow rate (10 ml/min.). As a result, rice husks can be used to remove the lead instead of expensive commercial adsorbents, due to its availability, inexpensive and perfect adsorption property.
Design and Simulation of MPPT Control Strategy for Solar PV by Using Fuzzy Control

This Paper presents the simulation of a solar PV module with a maximum power point tracking algorithm using fuzzy logic controller. MPPT can be done by using various methods like PI control and perturbation and observation method. For increasing the efficiency of solar PV it is necessary. Different methods are available to generate maximum power in different weather conditions. This model contains a PV module with DC- DC boost converter. The Fuzzy logic based is proposed in this method to increase the voltage PV module. The proposed method use the fuzzy logic control to initiate the control command of boost converter. This work is all about the design of a control system to retrieve maximum output from the radiations and to get a better power quality without any harmonics and distortions. The PV system is developed and simulated with the help of MATLAB/ Simulink software environment.
A study on stray capacitance modeling of inductors by using the finite element method

Stray capacitance modeling of an inductor is essential for its RF equivalent circuit modeling and inductor design. Stray capacitance determines an inductor's performance and upper frequency limit. A method has been proposed for modeling the distributed stray capacitance of inductors by the finite element method and a node-to-node lumped capacitance network. The effects of wire insulation layer, ferrite core, number of segments used to model the circumference of a wire cross section, pitch and coil-to-core distances, and the capacitance between nonadjacent turns, etc., an an inductors' self-capacitance and calculation accuracy, have all been considered. The calculated equivalent lumped stray capacitance for a rod inductor with a ferrite core is compared to that estimated from measurement. Good agreement between them has been observed.
Coffee: All You Need to Know

Effect of coffee consumption on human health has always been under debate. This study is an effort to summarize all possible outcomes of coffee consumption on human health including both positive and negative effects. The most common benefits of coffee consumption include the increased agility and mood stability. It has been reported to lower the risk of developing Type 2 Diabetes, CVDs, various types of cancer including hepatic cancer, metastatic prostate cancer, colon cancer, malignant melanoma and endometrial cancer, some neurodegenerative disorders such as. Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases, hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis as well as general and cause-specific mortality and improves the musculoskeletal activity. Coffee is rich in pharmacologically active components including caffeine and caffeic acid which exhibit excellent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial and anti-malarial activity. Coffee is also known to influence a person’s life span as it has inverse relation with telomeres length. It also prevents from gallstone formation. Most commonly reported negative effects of coffee consumption on human health are heartburn, diuresis and addiction. Pregnant and post-menopausal women are also advised to cut short the use of coffee. Overall, coffee has a great number of health protecting effects on humans resulting in less hospitalization and less mortality.
Towards Hysteresis Aware Bayesian Regression and Optimization

Hysteresis effects in magnetic elements are often approximated by simple linear relationships between applied current and magnetization when conducting accelerator operations. However, with increasingly difficult operational targets for the next generation of accelerators, deviations from this approximation due to hysteresis cannot be neglected. Furthermore, experimental models used in accelerator control algorithms must also take hysteresis effects into account when predicting beam properties. Here we present initial work on incorporating hysteresis effects into Bayesian statistical models that eventually will be applied to online accelerator optimization. We treat the hysteresis cycle of accelerator elements as a latent, unobserved variable that is learned via Bayesian techniques using observations of the beam response. As a result, the hysteresis behavior of any magnetic element can be determined without directly measuring the magnetic field. The methodology used here can be extended to modeling any system that has hysteresis-like behavior, like backlash in mechanical actuators or forces exerted by elastic components.
DEVELOPMENT OF A SIMPLIFIED DEFORMATION-BASED METHOD FOR SEISMIC VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT

The state-of-the-art earthquake loss estimation techniques make use of pushover analysis to define the performance of structures under earthquake loading, represented by a demand spectrum whose ordinates reflect the inelastic response. The performance point defined in this way is then used as input to the fragility or loss curves. This rigorous approach represents the earthquake actions by a parameter that is known to have a good correlation with damage and also takes into account the dynamic characteristics of different buildings. However, for many applications, the available data on key input parameters, such as soil conditions and the type and distribution of the exposed building stock, are limited to the extent that the rigorous capacity spectrum approach can become either impractical or unjustified. It is for such case scenarios that a much simpler deformation-based assessment methodology, presented herein, has been developed. The proposed method possesses all the inherent advantages of a displacement-based approach, whilst reducing the required calculations by one or more orders of magnitude when compared to conventional vulnerability assessment procedures.
Finite-Layer Approach to Pavement Response Evaluation

The following aspects of the proposed continuum-based finite-layer model are presented: (1) theoretical basis, (2) applicability in evaluating pavement response, and (3) verification of predictive capability. The model incorporates important pavement response factors such as noncircular contact area, complex contact stress distributions (normal and shear), vehicle speed, and viscoelastic material characterization. The proposed model is much more computationally efficient than the moving-load models based on the finite-element method. A verification study, undertaken to validate the predictive capability of the proposed approach and its ensuing computer program, is also presented. The validation study includes (1) verification using results from ELSYM5, a widely used pavement response model, and (2) laboratory verification using two foam rubber models. Very good agreement was observed in both cases. Applicability of the proposed approach has also been demonstrated using realistic pavement loading. The proposed finite-layer approach is therefore an ideal tool for modeling the behavior of asphalt concrete layer and for studying the effects of vehicle speed and complex tire-pavement interface stresses on pavement response.
Performance improvement of alternators with switched-mode rectifiers

The use of a switched-mode rectifier (SMR) allows automotive alternators to operate at a load-matched condition at all operating speeds, overcoming the limitation of optimum performance at just one speed [D.J.Perreault and V.Caliskan, (2000)]. While use of an SMR and load matching control enables large improvements in output power at cruising speed, no extra power is obtained at idle. This document introduces a new SMR modulation strategy capable of improving alternator output power at idle speed without violating thermal or current limits of the alternator. The new modulation scheme may be implemented with simple control hardware, and without the use of expensive current or position sensors. After introducing the new modulation method, we develop approximate analytical models that establish the underlying basis for the approach. Implementation considerations are addressed, and both simulation and experimental results are provided that demonstrate the advantages of the proposed control method.
Reconceptualizing College Knowledge: Class, Race, and Black Students in a College-Counseling Field

Past work and college–access programs often treat college knowledge as discrete pieces of information and focus on the amount of available college information. I use ethnographic and multiwave interview data to compare college–aspiring working- and middle–class black 9th and 11th graders across almost two years in high school along with their post–high school updates. Respondents were exposed to college–going messages but faced racial constraints and unclear expectations for college preparation and help seeking. Working-class respondents drew on hopeful uncertainty—a repertoire of hope for college admissions but uncertainty in the specifics—and they waited for assistance. Twelfth-grade working–class respondents experienced the effects of counseling problems and frustrations near application time. Middle-class and some working–class respondents used a repertoire of competitive groundwork to improve their competitiveness for four–year admissions, targeting their help seeking to navigate impending deadlines and late–stage counseling problems. My findings point to the timing and process of activating repertoires of college knowledge within a high school counseling field, suggesting the need to reconceptualize college knowledge in research on racial and class inequality in college access.
ÖRGÜTSEL İLETİŞİMDE SANAL DEDİKODUNUN ROLÜ: COVİD-19 SALGINI SÜRECİNDE AKADEMİSYENLERE YÖNELİK NİTEL BİR UYGULAMA

Gossip, which is considered as an informal element in organizational communication, appears in the form of virtual gossip carried out in digital environments or with digital tools during the Covid - 19 Pandemic process. The Covid -19 Pandemic, which directly or indirectly affects all organizations in social life, has made it necessary to transfer the education and teaching activities carried out at universities to the digital environment. Academics who perform their duties and responsibilities mostly from home have communicated with both their students and colleagues through digital tools. In this study, the qualitative method was used, which made virtual gossip the subject of the Covid -19 Pandemic process, in which digital communication came to the fore. As part of the study, which used the semi -struct ured interview technique in the data collection process, the thoughts of 15 academics were applied. The findings show that academics accept the existence of virtual gossip and use virtual gossip in the organizational communication process due to different socio - psychological needs. According to research results, in the process of the Covid -19 Pandemic, face - to - face communication was replaced by digital tools and media, while face - to - face gossip was replaced by virtual gossip. In addition, in this study, it was concluded that virtual gossip has different effects with its individual and organizational dimensions.
Ecosystem Services – An Approach for Sediment Management

The ecosystem services approach involves classifying, describing and assessing the monetary value of natural resources in terms of the benefits that humans can derive from nature. An ecosystem services assessment has been developed and applied to the sediment management aspect of a harbour development for a scale typical for Ireland. Two sediment management techniques have been analysed for the sediment generated from dredging for the project; wetland creation and the widely practised disposal at sea. The wetland creation approach is consistent with the eco-friendly concept of ‘Building with Nature’ and also the circular economy. The ecosystem services assessment applied to the disposal at sea option yielded a negative overall monetary value (-€191,878/year) and the wetland creation option resulted in a positive overall monetary value (€1,403,275/year). These assessment results indicate that a ‘Building with Nature’ solution beneficially using dredged sediment can provide significant monetary benefit in the form of ecosystem services, for a sediment management project of this scale. This ecosystem services approach can contribute significantly to assessment of a sediment management projects and can inform stakeholders and policy makers of the benefits of ‘Building with Nature’ solutions.
Effects of hot-carrier stress on the performance of the LC-tank CMOS oscillators

The effects of hot carrier stress on a fully integrated negative resistance LC-tank CMOS oscillator are investigated. The major effect is the decrease of the amplitude of the oscillation due to degradation in the I-V characteristics of the MOSFETs. The oscillator phase noise increases with stress duration since the amplitude of the oscillation decreases. A change in the biasing of the circuit due to the stress affects the parasitic capacitances in the circuit which in turn cause a slight change in the oscillation frequency.
dhCM: Dynamic and Hierarchical Event Categorization and Discovery for Social Media Stream

The online event discovery in social media based documents is useful, such as for disaster recognition and intervention. However, the diverse events incrementally identified from social media streams remain accumulated, ad hoc, and unstructured. They cannot assist users in digesting the tremendous amount of information and finding their interested events. Further, most of the existing work is challenged by jointly identifying incremental events and dynamically organizing them in an adaptive hierarchy. To address these problems, this article proposes dynamic and hierarchical Categorization Modeling (dhCM) for social media stream. Instead of manually dividing the timeframe, a multimodal event miner exploits a density estimation technique to continuously capture the temporal influence between documents and incrementally identify online events in textual, temporal, and spatial spaces. At the same time, an adaptive categorization hierarchy is formed to automatically organize the documents into proper categories at multiple levels of granularities. In a nonparametric manner, dhCM accommodates the increasing complexity of data streams with automatically growing the categorization hierarchy over adaptive growth. A sequential Monte Carlo algorithm is used for the online inference of the dhCM parameters. Extensive experiments show that dhCM outperforms the state-of-the-art models in terms of term coherence, category abstraction and specialization, hierarchical affinity, and event categorization and discovery accuracy.
Bilevel mode converter between a silicon nanowire waveguide and a larger waveguide

A bilevel mode converter is analyzed for providing low-loss coupling between the small fundamental mode of a silicon nanowire waveguide and the larger mode of a conventional silicon-on-insulator (SOI) rib waveguide. The bilevel converter can also be used to improve the coupling efficiency between a lensed fiber and a silicon nanowire waveguide. The mode converter consists of two tapers formed at different levels. The top taper comprises a parabolic and sine taper, which is optimized to improve the mode conversion efficiency. Numerical analyses are given by using a three-dimensional semivectorial beam propagation method. The design has good tolerance against misalignment of the two masks needed for the double etch.
Swearing on Twitter: Khaleeji Dialect

Swearing is an inevitable part of any language and culture around the world, yet each culture has its own distinctive swear words and phrases used among its members. This language phenomenon is observed on Twitter, one of the most popular social network platforms where heated comments often occur. In this study, the examination of the Khaleeji dialect of the Arabian Gulf countries on Twitter reflects the influence of culture, religion, and language on the perception and use of swearing in the Arabian Gulf. Upon corpus-based categorization and analysis of one hundred swear words and phrases written by Khaleejis on Twitter, the data shows that Khaleejis refer to ten different thematic swearing categories, with animals being their top reference. The findings accordingly answer the following questions: What swear words do Khaleejis often use? What is the logic behind opting for the swear words recorded?
Land Use, Urban Design, and Nonwork Travel: Reproducing Other Urban Areas’ Empirical Test Results in Portland, Oregon

Research on nonwork automobile trip generation and land use previously conducted by researchers is replicated for the Portland, Oregon, region. Additionally, new variables examining new urbanist arguments are incorporated. The results suggest that any links between land use and nonwork trip behavior act primarily by influencing trip costs, in terms of distances traveled and speeds achieved, rather than directly influencing the number of trips made. This analysis is consistent with the other research, suggesting that this model is not sensitive to errors that might arise due to the unique characteristics of the urban area under review.
A method to tune the cavity-mode wavelength of resonant cavity-enhanced photodetectors for bidirectional optical interconnects

A method to tune the cavity-mode wavelength of resonant cavity-enhanced photodetectors (RCE-PDs) is proposed. The proposed method can enable monolithic integration of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers and RCE-PDs to be a cost-competitive choice for bidirectional optical interconnection by reducing the amount of component and packaging costs presently involved. The properly tuned cavity-mode wavelengths remain effectively aligned within a temperature range of -10/spl deg/C/spl sim/50/spl deg/C.
Pediatric Dog Bites: A Review of 1422 Cases Treated at a Level One Regional Pediatric Trauma Center

Background: Children under the age of 14 account for over 40% of the almost 900,000 annual hospital visits associated with dog bites. Care for dog bites ranges from simple wound irrigation to complex surgical reconstruction. Due to a number of factors, children frequently sustain dog bites to highly vulnerable regions, often necessitating intervention by plastic surgeons. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed data from the 1422 pediatric patients who sustained dog bites and presented to the Le Bonheur Children's Hospital Emergency Room from January 2011 to May 2017. Results: The typical pediatric dog bite case was male (63.5%), African-American (57.4%), and less than 10 years old (69.4%). The head and neck were the most commonly affected areas (64.7%). Of the head and neck regions, the cheeks and lips were the most frequently injured structures (34.5%). Hospital admission was required for 188 patients (13.2%) and operative repair was deemed necessary in 16.9% of all cases. Of the patients requiring inpatient operative repair, most (78.3%) were discharged in less than 24 hours. Operative complications occurred in 5.8% of all cases, with infections accounting for the majority (92.9%). No fatal dog bites occurred in this study. Conclusions: Age, bite location, and number of bites sustained are several factors of significance, which may aid the novice plastic surgeon in identifying, which pediatric dog bite cases will require surgical intervention.