Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stability limits of the single relaxation-time advection-diffusion lattice Boltzmann scheme

In many cases, multi-species and/or thermal flows involve large discrepancies between the different diffusion coefficients involved — momentum, heat and species diffusion. In the context of classical passive scalar lattice Boltzmann (LB) simulations, the scheme is quite sensitive to such discrepancies, as relaxation coefficients of the flow and passive scalar fields are tied together through their common lattice spacing and time-step size. This in turn leads to at least one relaxation coefficient, τ being either very close to 0.5 or much larger than unity which, in the case of the former (small relaxation coefficient), has been shown to cause instability. The present work first establishes the stability boundaries of the passive scalar LB method in the sense of von Neumann and as a result shows that the scheme is unconditionally stable, even for τ=0.5, provided that the nondimensional velocity does not exceed a certain threshold. Effects of different parameters such as the distribution function and lattice speed of sound on the stability area are also investigated. It is found that the simulations diverge for small relaxation coefficients regardless of the nondimensional velocity. Numerical applications and a study of the dispersion–dissipation relations show that this behavior is due to numerical noise appearing at high wave numbers and caused by the inconsistent behavior of the dispersion relation along with low dissipation. This numerical noise, known as Gibbs oscillations, can be controlled using spatial filters. Considering that noise is limited to high wave numbers, local filters can be used to control it. In order to stabilize the scheme with minimal impact on the solution even for cases involving high wave number components, a local Total Variation Diminishing (TVD) filter is implemented as an additional step in the classical LB algorithm. Finally, numerical applications show that this filter eliminates the unwanted oscillations while closely reproducing the reference solution.
Numerical Analysis of GNSS Signal Outage Effect on EOPs Solutions Using Tightly Coupled GNSS/IMU Integration: A Simulated Case Study in Sweden

The absence of a reliable Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signal leads to degraded position robustness in standalone receivers. To address this issue, integrating GNSS with inertial measurement units (IMUs) can improve positioning accuracy. This article analyzes the performance of tightly coupled GNSS/IMU integration, specifically the forward Kalman filter and smoothing algorithm, using both single and network GNSS stations and the post-processed kinematic (PPK) method. Additionally, the impact of simulated GNSS signal outage on exterior orientation parameters (EOPs) solutions is investigated. Results demonstrate that the smoothing algorithm enhances positioning uncertainty (RMSE) for north, east, and heading by approximately 17–43% (e.g., it improves north RMSE from 51 mm to a range of 42 mm, representing a 17% improvement). Orientation uncertainty is reduced by about 60% for roll, pitch, and heading. Moreover, the algorithm mitigates the effects of GNSS signal outage, improving position uncertainty by up to 95% and orientation uncertainty by up to 60% using the smoothing algorithm instead of the forward Kalman filter for signal outages up to 180 s.
CNN AND LSTM FOR THE CLASSIFICATION OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE BASED ON THE GTCC AND MFCC

Parkinson's disease is a recognizable clinical syndrome with a variety of causes and clinical presentations; it represents a rapidly growing neurodegenerative disorder. Since about 90 percent of Parkinson's disease sufferers have some form of early speech impairment, recent studies on tele diagnosis of Parkinson's disease have focused on the recognition of voice impairments from vowel phonations or the subjects' discourse. In this paper, we present a new approach for Parkinson's disease detection from speech sounds that are based on CNN and LSTM and uses two categories of characteristics Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) and Gammatone Cepstral Coefficients (GTCC) obtained from noise-removed speech signals with comparative EMD-DWT and DWT-EMD analysis. The proposed model is divided into three stages. In the first step, noise is removed from the signals using the EMD-DWT and DWT-EMD methods. In the second step, the GTCC and MFCC are extracted from the enhanced audio signals. The classification process is carried out in the third step by feeding these features into the LSTM and CNN models, which are designed to define sequential information from the extracted features. The experiments are performed using PC-GITA and Sakar datasets and 10-fold cross validation method, the highest classification accuracy for the Sakar dataset reached 100% for both EMD-DWT-GTCC-CNN and DWT-EMD-GTCC-CNN, and for the PC-GITA dataset, the accuracy is reached 100% for EMD-DWT-GTCC-CNN and 96.55% for DWT-EMD-GTCC-CNN. The results of this study indicate that the characteristics of GTCC are more appropriate and accurate for the assessment of PD than MFCC.
Clinically studied or clinically proven? Memory for claims in print advertisements

Advertisers often use specifically chosen wording to convey the effectiveness of their product and we investigated memory accuracy for the scientific claims put forth by product advertisements. Participants were shown a cognitive enhancement product advertisement and were tested on their memory for various details. Critically, we were interested in participants' memory for a phrase describing the product as either “ clinically proven ” (indicating the product is effective) or “ clinically studied ” (which is ambiguous). Generally, both younger and older adults demonstrated poor memory for this detail and were more likely to remember the product as having been “ proven ” to be effective than to have been “ studied ” . Thus, we demonstrate the fallibility of memory and the potential for reliance on schematic knowledge in the absence of a veridical record of one's memory for the advertisement. We suggest that ambiguous efficacy claims be carefully considered by consumers so as not to be misled.
Enhancing History-Taking Skills in Medical Students: A Practical Guide

History-taking skills are an essential part of the medical school curriculum. However, from the author’s experience and available literature, students consistently report a lack of confidence in their history-taking abilities, and as a result, feel underprepared for upcoming summative communication skills assessments. Therefore, as medical students at the University of Cambridge, we used evidence-based education to create a history-taking teaching programme that aimed to increase confidence and preparedness for communication skills exams. This article outlines 12 tips to be used when teaching history-taking skills to medical students. These tips were created using student feedback, personal experience, and wider literature on the topic. Creating and teaching an effective history-taking course can take significant effort and time. However, we hope this guide provides a starting framework that can be quickly applied to allow users to create effective history-taking skills courses for their students.
Utility-Driven Joint Caching and Bitrate Allocation for Real-Time Immersive Videos

Real-time immersive video demands high network bandwidth and low transmission delay. Limited communication resources make it time-consuming to deliver immersive videos in cloud service scenarios. To overcome this, we design a utility-driven JOint Caching and Bitrate allocation (JOCB) algorithm for the real-time immersive video to better utilize network and caching resources through the Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) technique. Firstly, we coin a concept, the unfreshness indicator, to reflect the obsolescence level of cached tiles in MEC. Secondly, we define the Quality of Immersive videos (QoI) to evaluate the users' experience, including content characteristics, unfreshness levels, and spatial and temporal quality loss. Thirdly, we formulate the system utility that increases effective quality at the cost of transmission loss. The utility optimization problem can be formulated as an integer programming problem and decomposed into the cache update subproblem and the viewing probability-based adaptive bitrate allocation subproblem, which are solved by the branch-and-bound algorithm and the greedy algorithm, respectively. We have implemented an immersive video transmission system to perform experiments. Both simulation and experimental results further imply that JOCB can achieve utility maximization through balancing the transmission cost and the QoI.
Evaluation of Invasive Herbaceous Plants Utilization for the Production of Pressed Biofuel

The present article focuses on pressed biofuel preparation from invasive herbaceous plants, and the quality indicators and properties were analyzed and determined. Two invasive herbaceous plants were chosen for this research: giant knotweed (Fallopia sachalinensis) and Sosnowsky’s hogweed (Heracleum sosnowskyi). For a control, pine wood biomass was utilized. After harvesting and drying, plant biomass was chopped and milled and later pressed into cylindrical pellets and briquettes. The research results for the pellets’ and briquettes’ physical and elemental properties showed that the density of the pellets (moisture 5–8%) reached 1145.60–1227.47 kg m−3, and the average density of the briquettes reached 615.60–867.31 kg m−3. The determined critical compressive strength of the pellets ranged from 420 N to 676 N, and the briquettes disintegrated under a significantly greater critical force of 783 N to 1219 N. The variation in pellet compressive strength with changes in their moisture content was also investigated. The determined lower caloric value of the pellets varied from 15.9 MJ kg−1 to 18.6 MJ kg−1. Harmful gas emissions during burning of the tested biofuel pellets were also evaluated and determined, and they were sufficiently low and did not exceed the permissible values. Finally, it can be stated that all of the pressed biofuels produced from invasive herbaceous plants met the most important requirements for the quality of pressed solid biofuel and can be used for burning in special boilers.
Technical-economic prospect for photovoltaic on fixed lift net in Indonesia

The limited fossil energy and uncertain prices have an indirect effect on fishing activities using a fixed lift net. Therefore, energy diversification is carried out by utilizing solar energy with photovoltaics on the fixed lift net. This energy is very abundant and available throughout the year, except during the rainy season. This study uses observation, interviews, and questionnaires given to fishermen and tries to compare the utilization of photovoltaic (PV) systems with generators using different types of lamps, such as LED, CFL, incandescent lamps, and halogen lamps. The use of PV systems in fixed lift nets from a technical and economic perspective allows it to be utilized in the long term. Based on the technical aspects, the PV system can produce 471.59 Wh per day. This technical result will be more profitable if the lamp used is a light emitting diode (LED) lamp. Meanwhile, from economic aspect, the use of electrical energy from a PV system is more profitable because it provides a lower operational value than a generator, and provides good net present value (NPV) and internal rate of return (IRR) values. This utilization is also supported by the good response from fishermen towards the energy produced and the ease of operation and maintenance of the PV system.
A remark on relative geometric invariant theory for quasi‐projective varieties

Relative geometric invariant theory studies the behavior of semistable points under equivariant morphisms. More precisely, suppose G is a reductive linear algebraic group over an algebraically closed field k, X and Y are quasi‐projective varieties endowed with G‐actions, φ:X→Y is a G‐equivariant projective morphism, the G‐action on Y is linearized in the ample line bundle M, and the G‐action on X is linearized in the φ‐ample line bundle L. For any positive integer n, there is an induced linearization of the G‐action on X in the line bundle L⊗φ★(M⊗n) . If Y is projective and n≫0 , the set of points in X that are semistable with respect to this linearization is contained in the preimage under φ of the set of points in Y that are semistable with respect to the given linearization in M. The same statement is trivially also true, if Y is affine and M=OY . In this note, we show by means of an example that the statement does not hold for arbitrary quasi‐projective varieties Y. This shows that a claim by Hu of the contrary is not true. Relative geometric invariant theory plays a role in the construction and study of degenerations of moduli spaces.
Bandits on graphs and structures

We investigate the structural properties of certain sequential decision-making problems with limited feedback (bandits) in order to bring the known algorithmic solutions closer to a practical use. In the first part, we put a special emphasis on structures that can be represented as graphs on actions, in the second part we study the large action spaces that can be of exponential size in the number of base actions or even infinite. We show how to take advantage of structures over the actions and (provably) learn faster.
Algebraická analýza konvolucí nadploch

In recent years, studying convolutions of hypersurfaces (especially of curves and surfaces) has become an active research area. For instance, one of the fundamental operations in Computer Aided Design, i.e., offsetting, can be expressed as the convolution with a circle/sphere. The main goal of the thesis is to provide the theoretical analysis of convolutions of hypersurfaces from the algebraic point of view. This goal will be accomplished in the first part of the thesis. Although we will prove that the convolution of irreducible algebraic hypersurfaces is generically irreducible, it can still decomposes into more irreducible components. The upper bound for the number of components, in the terms of the so-called convolution degrees of the hypersurfaces, will be given. Further, a formula expressing the~convolution degree of a plane curve using the algebraic degree and the genus of the curve will be derived. In addition, a detailed analysis of the so-called special and degenerated components is provided. The special attention will be devoted to rational hypersurfaces and rational components The second part of the thesis will focuse on the two simplest classes of algebraic hypersurfaces with respect to the operation of convolution, namely on the hypersurfaces with the convolution degree one and two. The former case turns out to coincide with the well-known LN hypersurfaces, i.e., hypersurfaces with Linear Normals, and the most prominent example of later hypersurfaces are hyperspheres. The problem of rationality of convolutions with these hypersurfaces will be studied in more detail. In the curve case, the genus formula is derived. Moreover the decomposition of curves with low convolution degree into the convolution of finite number of simple fundamental ones will be provided.
Theta phase coupling with rhythmic motor output during visuomotor tracking

Introduction: The entrainment of low frequency cortical brain oscillations to rhythmic stimuli was proposed to serve as a mechanism of selective attention, periodically tuning neuronal ensembles to reach maximal excitability at the optimal time [1]. In this work, we show that during visuomotor tracking, frontal theta oscillations phase-couple with rhythmic corrective sub-movements spontaneously emerging during the tracking task. An event-related potential (ERP) analysis, time-locked to these motor events revealed waveforms of thetaband spectral content, whose amplitudes were modulated by both hand kinematics and errors committed by the subjects.
PSO Trained Feed Forward Neural Network Based SAPF for Power Quality Enhancement in Distribution Networks

Power distribution infrastructure is being harmed by the advent of nonlinear devices, which cause harmonics to enter into the power system networks and distort the voltage and current signals. Shunt Active Power Filter (SAPF) is a new power electronics-based technology that can reduce harmonics and improve the power quality in distribution networks. This research provides an efficient and inexpensive strategy to minimizing harmonics and improving the power quality in power distribution networks by employing Shunt Active Power Filter’s (SAPF), which uses the Particle Swarm Optimized Artificial Neural Network Controller (PSO-ANN). The goal of the PSO-ANN algorithms have been developed for SAPF is to improve system performance by lowering the amount of Total Harmonic Distortion (THD). In this work, the standard PI controller is initially tuned using the PSO algorithm to obtain the optimal gain values (Ki, Kp) for the PI controller. After that, these values of the PSO-PI controller's input and output will serve as a dataset for the ANN controller. Now, the PSO algorithm is being used to tune this ANN controller in order to acquire the optimal values for the weight and bias. Using the MATLAB/SIMULINK tool, the proposed algorithm's performance is evaluated and compared to that of a PSO-PI based SAPF and the conventional PI based SAPF. The results of the simulation demonstrate that a SAPF which is based on a PSO-ANN controller is capable of achieving superior THD in the drawing source current while maintaining minimum levels and which are acceptable in accordance with the IEEE-519 standard for harmonics.
Face Recognition based on Cross Diagonal Complete Motif Matrix

— To extract local features efficiently Jhanwar et al. proposed Motif Co-occurrence Matrix (MCM) [23] in the literature. The Motifs or Peano Scan Motifs (PSM) is derived only on a 2*2 grid. The PSM are derived by fixing the initial position and this has resulted only six PSM’s on the 2*2 grid. This paper extended this approach by deriving Motifs on a 3*3 neighborhood. This paper divided the 3*3 neighborhood into cross and diagonal neighborhoods of 2*2 pixels. And on this cross and diagonal neighborhood complete Motifs are derived. The complete Motifs are different from initial Motifs, where the initial PSM positions are not fixed. This complete Motifs results 24 different Motifs on a 2*2 gird. This paper derived cross diagonal complete Motifs matrix (CD-CMM) that has relative frequencies of cross and diagonal complete Motifs. The GLCM features are derived on cross diagonal complete Motifs texture matrix for efficient face recognition. The proposed CD-CMM is evaluated face recognition rate on four popular face recognition databases and the face recognition rate is compared with other popular local feature based methods. The experimental results indicate the efficacy of the proposed method over the other existing methods
Aerodynamic comparison of a butterfly-like flapping wing–body model and a revolving-wing model

The aerodynamic performance of flapping- and revolving-wing models is investigated by numerical simulations based on an immersed boundary-lattice Boltzmann method. As wing models, we use (i) a butterfly-like model with a body and flapping-rectangular wings and (ii) a revolving-wing model with the same wings as the flapping case. Firstly, we calculate aerodynamic performance factors such as the lift force, the power, and the power loading of the two models for Reynolds numbers in the range of 50–1000. For the flapping-wing model, the power loading is maximal for the maximum angle of attack of 90°, a flapping amplitude of roughly 45°, and a phase shift between the flapping angle and the angle of attack of roughly 90°. For the revolving-wing model, the power loading peaks for an angle of attack of roughly 45°. In addition, we examine the ground effect on the aerodynamic performance of the revolving-wing model. Secondly, we compare the aerodynamic performance of the flapping- and revolving-wing models at their respective maximal power loadings. It is found that the revolving-wing model is more efficient than the flapping-wing model both when the body of the latter is fixed and where it can move freely. Finally, we discuss the relative agilities of the flapping- and revolving-wing models.
Effect of the Addition of Freeze-Dried Grape Pomace on Fresh Tagliatelle Gluten Network and Relationship to Sensory and Chemical Quality

The incorporation of 5 and 10% freeze-dried grape pomace powder (GPP) in fresh tagliatelle pasta preparation was evaluated for its effect on chemical composition, gluten protein structure, and sensory properties. The addition of the freeze-dried GPP led to a significant increase (p < 0.05) in polyphenol content in the raw and cooked fortified pasta samples with respect to 100% semolina pasta, although the phenolic content decreased after the cooking process. The opposite phenomenon was observed with the antioxidant activity, which increased significantly (p < 0.05) when switching from raw to cooked pasta samples fortified with GPP. The formation of a proper gluten structure was found in the fortified raw pasta, even if a change in the protein arrangement was shown in the fortified cooked samples, confirmed by a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in both the unextractable polymeric protein percentage (% UPP) and disulfide bond (S-S) formation. These results suggest a possible interaction between the protein sulfhydryl groups (-Cys) and polyphenols of grape pomace during cooking through non-disulfide covalent bonds, which was confirmed by the significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the -SH groups when comparing 100% semolina pasta with fortified pasta sample. Finally, a sensory analysis showed that the highest significant score (p < 0.05) was achieved by the 5% GP-fresh pasta sample.
Sustainable Food House Area Program Management (KRPL) in Padang City

This research was motivated by the City of Padang as a pilot project that implemented the Sustainable Food House Area Program in West Sumatra Province. The city of Padang has the most malnourished population and is not yet self-sufficient in food because it meets food needs from outside the region. Behind this, the City of Padang won the Adhikarya Pangan Nusantara. This research was conducted using qualitative methods. The theory used in this study is the management function of H Koontz and O'Donnell which consists of five variables. The results showed that the Management of the Sustainable Food House Area Program in Padang City had not been implemented properly because it had not been implemented in accordance with technical instructions and the Work Plan and Budget Needs. Then the program implementation structure has not been established, which is called the technical team, so that there is a discrepancy with the technical instructions. Then the coordination between the Food Service and the Agriculture Service has not gone well. The honors given to the companion group are not in accordance with the provisions of the technical instructions. In leadership, there is a decrease in the motivation of women's farmer groups when they do not get assistance and there are group leaders who cannot direct members. The implementation of the program has not yet reached the indicators of success, namely the absence of an increase in the expected food pattern.