Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tumor necrosis factor- (cid:1) causes barrier dysfunction mediated by tyrosine 198 and tyrosine 218 in (cid:2) -actin

Tumor necrosis factor- (cid:1) causes barrier dysfunction mediated by tyrosine 198 and tyrosine 218 in (cid:2) -actin. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 293: L1219–L1229, 2007. tested the hypothesis that tumor necrosis factor- (cid:1) (TNF) induces barrier dysfunction of pulmonary microvessel endothelial monolayers (PMEM) mediated by speciﬁc tyrosine residues in (cid:2) -actin. PMEM were transfected with a wild-type, mutant [tyrosine 198 to phenylalanine 198 (Y198F)], mutant Y218F, or mutant Y306F (cid:2) -actin construct tagged with enhanced yellow ﬂuorescent protein (EYFP- (cid:2) -actin). The cellular compartmentalization of wild-type and mutant EYFP- (cid:2) -actin was displayed using EYFP ﬂuorescence of the tagged (cid:2) -actin. (cid:2) -Actin was quantiﬁed for the EYFP-tagged and native (cid:2) -actin using Western blot assay. The effect of the EYFP- (cid:2) -actin on a cell junction protein was assessed by association of EYFP- (cid:2) -actin with (cid:2) -catenin using confocal microscopy and coimmunoprecipitation. The permeability of PMEM was assessed by the clearance rate of Evans blue-labeled albumin. The cellular compartmentalization of wild-type and mutant EYFP- (cid:2) -actin was similar to the native (cid:2) -actin. Incubation of PMEM with TNF (100 ng/ml) for 0.5 h resulted in increases in permeability to albumin and a decrease in association of the EYFP- (cid:2) -actin with (cid:2) -catenin. How-ever, the expression of the EYFP-Y198F (cid:2) -actin and EYFP-Y218F (cid:2) -actin prevented the effect of TNF on (cid:2) -catenin and barrier function. The vehicle, wild-type EYFP- (cid:2) -actin, and mutant Y306F (cid:2) -actin had no affect on the response to TNF. The data indicate that TNF induces an increase in endothelial permeability that is dependent on tyrosine 198 and tyrosine 218 in (cid:2) -actin.
Brane-World Cosmological Perturbations A Covariant Approach

The standard cosmological model, based on general relativity with an inflationary era, is very effective in accounting for a broad range of observed features of the universe. However, the ongoing puzzles about the nature of dark matter and dark energy, together with the problem of a fundamental theoretical framework for inflation, indicate that cosmology may be probing the limits of validity of general relativity. The early universe provides a testing ground for theories of gravity, since gravitational dynamics can lead to characteristic imprints on the CMB and other cosmological observations. Precision cosmology is in principle a means to constrain and possibly falsify candidate quantum gravity theories like M theory. Generalized Randall-Sundrum brane-worlds provide a phenomenological means to test aspects of M theory. I outline the 1+3-covariant approach to cosmological perturbations in these brane-worlds, and its application to CMB anisotropies
Prevalence and risk factors for obesity in adult cats from private US veterinary practices.

Using a cross-sectional study design, the prevalence of overweight and obesity in dogs over 1 year of age seen by US veterinarians during 1995 was determined. Risk factors for overweight and obesity were also determined from the following variables: age, breed, gender, body condition score, food type, reported concurrent disease, and geographic region. Thirty-four percent of adult dogs (n = 21,754) were overweight or obese. From multivariate analyses, overweight dogs were more likely to be older, of certain breeds (Cocker Spaniel, Labrador Retriever, Dalmatian, Dachshund, Rottweiler, Golden Retriever, Shetland Sheepdog, Mixed-breed), neutered, and to consume a semi-moist food as their major diet source. In addition, overweight adult dogs were most likely to reside in the
Some results about component factors in graphs

For a set ℋ of connected graphs, a spanning subgraph H of a graph G is called an ℋ-factor of G if every component of H is isomorphic to a member ofℋ. An H-factor is also referred as a component factor. If each component of H is a star (resp. path), H is called a star (resp. path) factor. By a P≥ k-factor (k positive integer) we mean a path factor in which each component path has at least k vertices (i.e. it has length at least k − 1). A graph G is called a P≥ k-factor covered graph, if for each edge e of G, there is a P≥ k-factor covering e. In this paper, we prove that (1) a graph G has a {K1,1,K1,2, … ,K1,k}-factor if and only if bind(G) ≥ 1/k, where k ≥ 2 is an integer; (2) a connected graph G is a P≥ 2-factor covered graph if bind(G) > 2/3; (3) a connected graph G is a P≥ 3-factor covered graph if bind(G) ≥ 3/2. Furthermore, it is shown that the results in this paper are best possible in some sense.
Data-Driven Approach to Computational Mechanics via Local Robust Regression

Data-driven computing in applied mechanics utilizes the material data set directly, and hence is free from errors and uncertainties stemming from the conventional material modeling. This paper presents a data-driven approach that is robust against noise and outliers in the data set. For each structural element, we extract the material property from some nearest data points. Using the nearest neighbors reduces the influence of noise, compared with the existing method that uses a single data point. Also, the robust regression is adopted to reduce the influence of the outliers. Numerical experiments on static equilibrium analysis of trusses are performed to illustrate that the proposed method is robust against the presence of noise and outliers and, hence, is effective for dealing with real-world data.
A novel multi-population passing vehicle search algorithm based co-evolutionary cultural algorithm

In order to fully use the advantages of the PVS algorithm and CA, a hybrid co-evolutionary cultural algorithm based on PVS is proposed. In this algorithm, a co-evolutionary mechanism between two cultural algorithms sub-populations is established to take full advantage of CA. The objective, like other meta-heuristics, is to ﬁnd global optimum or quasi-optimal solutions for a given function. To verify the performance of the proposed algorithm, it will be tested on a set of benchmark functions. The results demonstrated the superior eﬀectiveness of CA-PVS compared with other meta-heuristic optimization algorithms.
G and related distributions with applications in reliability growth analysis

Motivated by four unsolved issues on the mean time between failures (MTBFs) in nonhomogeneous Poisson processes (NHPP) with power law intensity function for complete/incomplete observations, in this article, we first study some important properties on three new distributions (i.e., the G, inverse G, and RG distributions). Next, we develop three methods (i.e., the Lagrange multiplier, quantile-based and sampling-based methods) to establish the shortest confidence intervals for the MTBF in a single repairable system and for the MTBF ratio in two independent repairable systems; and also develop two methods (i.e., the density-based and sampling-based methods) within the framework of the critical region and p-value approaches to test hypotheses on the MTBF and the MTBF ratio. Simulation studies are performed to compare the proposed methods. Two real data sets are used to illustrate the proposed statistical methods.
Atmospheric brown clouds: From local air pollution to climate change

Atmospheric brown clouds are atmospheric accumulations of carbonaceous aerosol particles spanning vast areas of the globe. They have recently gained much attention, from the scientific community and from the general population, as they severely impact several aspects of everyday life. Aside from affecting regional air quality and negatively impacting human health, these clouds affect biogeochemical cycles and profoundly influence the radiation budget of the Earth, resulting in severe climatic and economic consequences. Carbonaceous aerosol particles are generated primarily by combustion processes, including biomass and fossil fuel burning. Natural emissions and transformations of volatile organic species in the atmosphere also contribute to the development of atmospheric brown clouds.
A COMBINATORIAL FREDHOLM MODULE ON SELF-SIMILAR SETS BUILT ON n-CUBES

Let M be a closed spin manifold and S → M the spinor vector bundle defined by its spin structure. The bundle of the complex Clifford algebra Cl(T ∗M) of the cotangent vector bundle acts on S; we denote by c its action. There is the associated Dirac operator D acting on the smooth sections C∞(M,S) of S → M , which is a first order elliptic differential operator and extends on the L sections L(M,S) as a self-adjoint operator. For any complex valued continuous function f ∈ C(M), the commutator [D, f ] of D and the multiplier operator of f acting on the L-sections L(M,S) satisfies [D, f ] = c(df). So the commutator [D, f ] is a quantization of the exterior differential of f in this classical situation. In the 1990s, A. Connes [2, Chapter IV] introduced the quantized calculus, which is the calculus using the Fredholm modules. The Fredholm module on an involutive algebra A is a pair (H,F ), where H is a Hilbert space so that A acts on H and F is a bounded operator on H such that a(F−F ∗), a(F −1), [F, a] ∈ K(H) for any a ∈ A. The basic example of the Fredholm module is given by (L(M,S), D(D + 1)−1/2) for the classical manifold case. So the Fredholm module is a bounded analogue of the Dirac operator. Thus we regard that the commutator [F, a] as a quantized exterior differential as Connes said in Noncommutative Geometry [2, Chapter IV. 3]. The notion and calculus of Fredholm modules provided us many techniques in studying various spaces. For example, noncompact spaces, foliated spaces, noncommutative spaces, fractal spaces, etc. In the present paper, we study the Fredholm module on some fractal spaces called self-similar sets. The first study of quantized calculus on self-similar sets is given by Connes [2, Chapter IV]. Connes defined the Fredholm module (H,F ) on C(K), where K is the Cantor set realized in the interval [0, 1], by using vertices of the removed intervals. In fact, let I = (a, b) be an
Persistent photoconductivity in ZnO nanowires: Influence of oxygen and argon ambient

ZnO nanowires typically show persistent photoconductivity (PPC), which depends in their temporal behaviour on the ambient. We investigate ZnO nanowires in oxygen and argon ambient and analyze the PPC both on the short and on the long time scale to sort out the underlying mechanisms. Wavelength dependent excitation shows the energy barrier for the PPC to be around 150 meV below the band gap of ZnO, independent of the ambient atmosphere. In photocurrent measurements at constant wavelength, a log-logistic dependence of the conductivity on the partial oxygen pressure is observed. The experimental results are compared to a model of Bonasewicz et al. [J. Electrochem. Soc. 133, 2270 (1986)] and can be explained by oxygen adsorption processes occurring on the surface of the ZnO nanowires. From temperature dependent measurements of the decay times in oxygen and argon ambient, the related activation energies for the fast and slow decay processes are determined. Comparing our results to theoretical calculations of e.
Patient Experience Journal Patient

Despite the call from the World Health Organization for more active involvement from patients in the prevention of health care-related risks, there is still insufficient evidence about how patients can be more proactive in the safety of their own care. This study helps understand the perspective of patients as partners regarding their roles, as well as their relatively untapped potential in detecting and limiting adverse events (AEs) for patient safety. 17 patients-as-partners were interviewed on five themes: 1) Behavior of patients/relatives for avoiding AEs; 2) Competencies sought in patients/relatives to play an active role in patient safety; 3) Factors limiting or facilitating the role of patients in the safety of their own care; 4) The Partnership in Care approach as a way of limiting the occurrence of AEs. Patients-as-partners revealed several key behaviours that helped patients avoid AEs: proactivity; communication; trust; vigilance; reporting and flagging; being accompanied by relatives, being accompanied by health professionals. Furthermore, several competencies helped as well: being curious, observant, responsible, able to trust, respectful, and diplomatic. Finally, factors facilitating and limiting patient engagement in safety included personal characteristics, information, interpersonal relations, and organisational aspects. Through the Partnership in Care approach, patients-as-partners develop behaviours and competencies which are yet to be directly applied to improve patient safety. However, obstacles remain: the engagement and official training of patients-as-partners and their appropriate roles in safety, including the identification of AEs; and finally, the redefinition of AEs so as to include the patients’ point of view and experiences.
Noisy Gradient Descent Converges to Flat Minima for Nonconvex Matrix Factorization: Supplementary Materials

α1,t+1 = α1,t − η < ∇xF(xt + ξ1,t, yt + ξ2,t), u∗ >, α2,t+1 = α2,t − η < ∇yF(xt + ξ1,t, yt + ξ2,t), v∗ > . Note that the optimal solutions to (2) satisfy x>My = 1. Thus, in our proof, we need to characterize the update of x>My, which can be re-expressed as xt+1Myt+1 = α1,t+1α2,t+1 = (α1,t − η < ∇xF(xt + ξ1,t, yt + ξ2,t), u∗ >)(α2,t − η < ∇yF(xt + ξ1,t, yt + ξ2,t), v∗ >) = α1,tα2,t − η (α2,t < ∇xF(xt + ξ1,t, yt + ξ2,t), u∗ > +α1,t < ∇yF(xt + ξ1,t, yt + ξ2,t), v∗ >) + η < ∇xF(xt + ξ1,t, yt + ξ2,t), u∗ >< ∇yF(xt + ξ1,t, yt + ξ2,t), v∗ > . (1)
The Complex Paragenetic History of Basal Negaunee Iron Formation Iron Ores, Tilden Mine, Marquette District, Upper Michigan

Variable mineral chemistry and textures of basal Negaunee iron ores mined in the Main Tilden Pit have led to metallurgical difficulties. Core-logging and detailed petrography supported by microprobe investigations, identify three upward fining lithofacies within the Main Pit Carbonate and overlying Martite ore domains: 1) Basal Clastics; 2) Medial BIF; and 3) Granular Iron Formation. Growth fault related subsidence controlled deposition of the Basal Clastics, comprised of detrital quartz dispersed in a matrix of chlorite, cemented by ferri-hydrite, chert and Mg-siderite. Subsequent starvation of any clastic input led to cyclic iron-silica precipitation throughout the deposition of Medial BIF. Increasing wave action accompanied marine transgression caused deposition of granular rip-up clasts to form the Upper Granular Iron Formation. These domains are cross-cut by numerous chloritized feeder dykes and are capped by a greenstone Pillar, indicating overlapping mafic magmatism. Low grade regional metamorphism attending the 1850 Ma Penokean arc-continent collision led to magnetite growth, carbonate grain coarsening and chlorite crystallization. Metamorphic fluids facilitated martite replacement of magnetite and deformation led to developing local platy specularite schists. A late retrograde hydrothermal overprint post-dates peak thermal conditions that accompanied the development of the 1750 Ma Republic Metamorphic Node. This is expressed by high-Fe chlorite, Fedolomite/ankerite, zoned Mn-rich siderite with associated trace Cu-Fe sulphide and REE bearing fluroapatite and monazite, diagnostic of an “IOCG” type signature. This complex paragenetic history accounts for the unpredictable geometallurgical response of the basal Negaunee iron ores. Treatment difficulties relate to: 1) variable silica-iron separation occurs due to liberation from detrital quartz versus massive mosaic and granular textured chert; 2) the bulk iron content is expressed not only in iron oxide but in iron carbonate and iron chlorite; and 3) the intense late IOCG overprint proximal to the Southern Shear Zone.
Automatic generation of polynomial-based hardware architectures for function evaluation

Polynomial approximation is a very general technique for the evaluation of a wide class of numerical functions of one variable. This article details an architecture generator that inputs the specification of a function and outputs a synthe-sizable description of an architecture evaluating this function with guaranteed accuracy. It improves upon the literature in two aspects. Firstly, it uses better polynomials, thanks to recent advances related to constrained-coefficient polynomial approximation. Secondly, it refines the error analysis of polynomial evaluation to reduce the size of the multipliers used. An open-source implementation is provided in the FloPoCo project, including architecture exploration heuristics designed to use efficiently the embedded memories and multipliers of high-end FPGAs. High-performance pipelined architectures for precisions up to 64 bits can be obtained in seconds.
Reconstruction of Chlorophyll-a Data by Using DINEOF Approach in Sepanggar Bay, Malaysia

Loss of spatial data with a long gap is a signiﬁcant limitation for remote sensing analyses using satellite-based monitoring of oceanog-raphy. This limitation could not be ignored as it may aﬀect the subsequent analysis and modeling of the data. Hence, this gap needs to be improved by ﬁlling the spatial gap in the satellite datasets. In this research, Data Interpolating Empirical Orthogonal Functions (DI-NEOF) is applied to ﬁll the spatial gap and has successfully worked in the reconstruction of missing data of chlorophyll-a for monitoring harmful algal blooms (HABs) in Sepanggar Bay located at coastal water of Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia. The original chlorophyll-a pixels are used to assess the accuracy of the predicted data. Then, the DINEOF model is compared with the Spatio-temporal Kriging model for validation purposes. The results obtained show that the DINEOF model
The burden of hepatitis C in the United States

According to the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 3.9 million of the U.S. civilian population have been infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV), of whom 2.7 million (74%) have chronic infection. Hepatitis C virus infection is most common among non‐Caucasian men, ages 30 to 49 years. Moreover, the prevalence of antibody to hepatitis C virus in groups not represented in the NHANES sample, such as the homeless or incarcerated, may be as high as 40%. The age‐adjusted death rate for non‐A, non‐B viral hepatitis increased from 0.4 to 1.8 deaths per 100,000 persons per year between 1982 and 1999. In 1999, the first year hepatitis C was reported separately, there were 3,759 deaths attributed to HCV, although this is likely an underestimate. There was a 5‐fold increase in the annual number of patients with HCV who underwent liver transplantation between 1990 and 2000. Currently, more than one third of liver transplant candidates have HCV. Inpatient care of HCV‐related liver disease has also been increasing. In 1998, an estimated 140,000 discharges listed an HCV‐related diagnosis, accounting for 2% of discharges from non‐federal acute care hospitals in the United States. The total direct health care cost associated with HCV is estimated to have exceeded $1 billion in 1998. Future projections predict a 4‐fold increase between 1990 and 2015 in persons at risk of chronic liver disease (i.e., those with infection for 20 years or longer), suggesting a continued rise in the burden of HCV in the United States in the foreseeable future.
ANNALES DE L’INSTITUT FOURIER

— We give a proof of the existence of Asai, exterior square, and symmetric square local L -functions, γ -factors and root numbers in characteristic p – the case of p = 2 included. Our study is made possible by developing the Langlands-Shahidi method over a global function ﬁeld in the case of a Siegel Levi subgroup of a split classical group or a quasi-split unitary group. The resulting automorphic L -functions are shown to satisfy a rationality property and a functional equation. A uniqueness result of G. Henniart and the author allows us to show that the deﬁnitions provided in this article are in accordance with the local Langlands conjecture for GL n . Furthermore, in order to be self contained, we include a treatise of L -functions arising from maximal Levi subgroups of general linear groups.
The Effect of Employment Protection on Worker Effort: Evidence from Public Schooling

This paper studies the effect of employment protection on worker productivity and firm output in the context of a public school system. In 2004, the Chicago Public Schools (CPS) and Chicago Teachers Union (CTU) signed a new collective bargaining agreement that gave principals the flexibility to dismiss probationary teachers (defined as those with less than five years of experience) for any reason, and without the elaborate documentation and hearing process typical in many large, urban school districts. Results suggest that the policy reduced annual teacher absences by roughly 10 percent and reduced the prevalence of teachers with 15 or more annual absences by 20 percent. The effects were strongest among teachers in elementary schools and in low-achieving, predominantly African-American high schools, and among teachers with highpredicted absences. There is also evidence that the impact of the policy increased substantially after its first year.
Impulsive stabilization for linear neutral‐type time‐delay systems

The problem of impulsive stabilization of linear neutral delay systems is investigated by using the impulse‐time‐dependent Lyapunov functions. The construction of impulse‐time‐dependent Lyapunov functions is based on the singular system representation of the impulsively controlled neutral delay system. In order to overcome the difficulty arising from time‐varying state delays, a Razumikhin‐type analysis method is developed and the key technique is to establish the relation between the slow and fast state variables by using a difference inequality. The derived stability criterion weakens the restriction condition on the impulse operators found in the previous result. For constant delay case, an improved stability criterion is derived by applying an impulse‐time‐dependent Lyapunov functional. Next, based on the newly established stability criteria, novel sufficient conditions on the existence of impulsive controllers with range dwell‐time constraint are presented. Finally, two numerical examples are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed results.
ArchNet: Data Hiding Model in Distributed Machine Learning System

Cloud computing services has become the de facto standard technique for training neural network. However, the computing resources of the cloud servers are limited by hardware and the fixed algorithms of service provider. We observe that this problem can be addressed by a distributed machine learning system, which can utilize the idle devices on the Internet. We further demonstrate that such system can improve the computing flexibility by providing diverse algorithm. For the purpose of the data encryption in the distributed system, we propose Tripartite Asymmetric Encryption theorem and give a mathematical proof. Based on the theorem, we design a universal image encryption model ArchNet. The model has been implemented on MNIST, Fashion-MNIST and Cifar-10 datasets. We use different base models on the encrypted datasets and contrast the results with RC4 algorithm and Difference Privacy policy. The accuracies on the datasets encrypted by ArchNet are 97.26\%, 84.15\% and 79.80\%, and they are 97.31\%, 82.31\% and 80.22\% on the original datasets. Our evaluations show that ArchNet significantly outperforms RC4 on 3 classic image classification datasets at the recognition accuracy and our encrypted dataset sometimes outperforms than the original dataset and the difference privacy policy.