Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modeling eye movements in visual agnosia with a saliency map approach : Bottom – up guidance or top – down strategy ?

Two recent papers (Foulsham, Barton, Kingstone, Dewhurst, & Underwood, 2009; Mannan, Kennard, & Husain, 2009) report that neuropsychological patientswith a profound object recognition problem (visual agnosic subjects) show differences from healthy observers in theway their eyemovements are controlled when looking at images. The interpretation of these papers is that eye movements can be modeled as the selection of points on a saliency map, and that agnosic subjects show an increased reliance on visual saliency, i.e., brightness and contrast in low-level stimulus features. Here we review this approach and present new data from our own experiments with an agnosic patient that quantifies the relationship between saliency and fixation location. In addition, we consider whether the perceptual difficulties of individual patientsmight bemodeled by selectivelyweighting the different features involved in a saliency map. Our data indicate that saliency is not always a good predictor of fixation in agnosia: even for our agnosic subject, as for normal observers, the saliency–fixation relationship varied as a function of the task. This means that top–down processes still have a significant effect on the earliest stages of scanning in the setting of visual agnosia, indicating severe limitations for the saliencymapmodel. Top–down, active strategies –which are the hallmark of our humanvisual system–play a vital role in eyemovement control, whether we know what we are looking at or not. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Biases in genome reconstruction from metagenomic data

Background: Technological advances in sequencing, assembly and segregation of resulting contigs into species-specific bins has enabled the reconstruction of individual genomes from environmental metagenomic data sets. Though a powerful technique, it is shadowed by an inability to truly determine whether assembly and binning techniques are accurate, specific, and sensitive due to a lack of complete reference genome sequences against which to check the data. Errors in genome reconstruction, such as missing or mis-attributed activities, can have a detrimental effect on downstream metabolic and ecological modeling, and thus it is important to assess the accuracy of the process.
HealthLine: Speech-based access to health information by low-literate users

Health information access by low-literate community health workers is a pressing need of community health programs across the developing world. We present results from a needs assessment we conducted to understand the health information access practices and needs of various types of health workers in Pakistan. We also present a prototype for speech-based health information access, as well as discuss our experiences from a pilot study involving its use by community health workers in a rural health center.
Design and Analysis of a Low Power High Speed 1 Bit Full Adder Cell Multi

An adder is one of the most integral component of a digital system like a digital signal processor or a microprocessor. Being an extremely computationally intensive part of a system, the optimization for speed and power consumption of the adder is of prime importance. In this paper we have designed a 1 bit full adder cell based on dynamic TSPC logic to achieve high speed operation. A high threshold voltage sleep transistor is used to reduce the static power dissipation in standby mode. The circuit is designed simulated in TSPICE using TSMC 180nm CMOS process. Average power consumption, delay and power-delay product is measured which showed considerable improvement in performance over the existing full adder designs. Keywords—CMOS, TSPC, MTCMOS, ALU, power gating, pipelining.
What does a group algebra of a free group know about the group

We describe solutions to the problem of elementary classification in the class of group algebras of free groups. We will show that unlike free groups, two group algebras of free groups over infinite fields are elementarily equivalent if and only if the groups are isomorphic and the fields are equivalent in the weak second order logic. We will show that the set of all free bases of a free group $F$ is 0-definable in the group algebra $K(F)$ when $K$ is an infinite field, the set of geodesics is definable, and many geometric properties of $F$ are definable in $K(F)$. Therefore $K(F)$ knows some very important information about $F$. We will show that similar results hold for group algebras of limit groups.
On the Energy Exchange between Tropical Ocean Basins Related to ENSO

AbstractVast amounts of energy are exchanged between the ocean, atmosphere, and space in association with El Nino–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). This study examines energy budgets of all tropical (30°S–30°N) ocean basins and the atmosphere separately using different, largely independent oceanic and atmospheric reanalyses to depict anomalous energy flows associated with ENSO in a consistent framework. It is found that variability of area-averaged ocean heat content (OHC) in the tropical Pacific to a large extent is modulated by energy flow through the ocean surface. While redistribution of OHC within the tropical Pacific is an integral part of ENSO dynamics, variability of ocean heat transport out of the tropical Pacific region is found to be mostly small. Noteworthy contributions arise from the Indonesian Throughflow (ITF), which is anticorrelated with ENSO at a few months lag, and from anomalous oceanic poleward heat export during the La Nina events in 1999 and 2008. Regression analysis reveals that atmosp.
Redefining the Role of the Cpu in the Era of Cpu-gpu Integration

We’ve seen the quick adoption of GPUs as general-purpose computing engines in recent years, fueled by high computational throughput and energy efficiency. There is heavier integration of the CPU and GPU, including the GPU appearing on the same die, further decreasing barriers to the use of the GPU to offload the CPU. Much effort has been made to adapt GPU designs to anticipate this new partitioning of the computation space, including better programming models and more general processing units with support for control flow. However, researchers have placed little attention on the CPU and how it must adapt to this change. This article demonstrates that the coming era of CPU and GPU integration requires us to rethink the CPU’s design and architecture. We show that the code the CPU will run, once appropriate computations are mapped to the GPU, has significantly different characteristics than the original code (which previously would have been mapped entirely to the CPU). Background Modern GPUs contain hundreds of arithmetic logic units (ALUs), hardware thread management, and access to fast on-chip and high-bandwidth external memories. This translates to peak performance of teraflops per device. We’ve also seen an emergence of new application domains that can utilize this performance. These new applications often distill large amounts of data. GPUs have been architected to exploit application parallelism even in the face of high memory latencies. Reported speedups of 10 to 100 are common, although another study shows speedups over an optimized multicore CPU of 2.5 . These speedups do not imply that CPU performance is no longer critical. Many applications don’t map at all to GPUs; others map only a portion of their code to the GPU. Examples of the former include applications with irregular control flow and without high data-level parallelism, as exemplified by many Standard Performance Evaluation Corporation integer (SPECint) applications. [3B2-9] mmi2012060004.3d 20/11/012 16:47 Page 4
Two-step measurement of the concurrence for hyperentangled state

We describe an efficient way for measuring the concurrence of the hyperentanglement. In this protocol, the hyperentangled state is encoded in both polarization and momentum degrees of freedom. We show that the concurrences of both polarization and momentum entanglement can be conversed into the total success probability of picking up the odd-parity state and can be measured directly. This protocol requires the weak cross-Kerr nonlinearity to construct the quantum nondemolition measurement and does not resort to the sophisticated controlled-not gate operation. It is feasible in current experimental technology.
VARIAÇÕES NAS CONCENTRAÇÕES DE MERCÚRIO EM SOLOS DA RESERVA GARIMPEIRA DO ALTO RIO MADEIRA

Mercury use in the gold mining in the Amazon suffered considerable reduction when compared with the decades of 80 and 90. However, Hg levels in fish, and for consequence, in the local human population, continue to be high. One of the possible mechanisms responsible for these high Hg concentrations in fish and humans is the remobilization of Hg due to land use changes, in particular deforestation. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the mercury concentrations contained in soils in the High Madeira River region verifying the Hg concentrations potentially available for remobilization due to deforestation. For such, soils samples were collected in the region in areas where the forest was converted to other uses (pasture, agriculture, etc) compared to original forested areas. Deforestation results in physical and chemical changes that contribute for the loss of immobilized Hg in forest soils. Deforested soils presented lower Hg concentrations and burden than forest soils. One of the major responsible factors for the Hg loss from converted soils is the reduction of the soil organic matter. Reduction of throughfall and litterfall also contributed to the lower Hg concentrations and content in converted soils.
Mechanisms of Action of Humic Substances as Growth Promoters in Animals

A review of the latest research on the addition of humic substances (HSs) in the drinking water or feed of farm animals including poultry, pigs, dairy cows and calves, goats, and rabbits was carried out. The results reinforces the promoted protective action of HS on the digestive mucosa, their antioxidant properties, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory attributes, the suggested microbial shift to a probiotic-type bacteria in the gut, including antiparasitic and antifungal effects, as well as their influence on the higher efficient of minerals, proteins, and lipids utilization within the body. The outstanding improvements in health, productivity, and meat and milk quality obtained from animals supplemented with HS are common features in the majority of available research. The main benefits in the gastrointestinal tract stem from the formation of protective barriers on the epithelial mucosa due to its colloidal properties and stimulation of mucin production. HS also promotes the development of probiotic microbiota and positive changes in bacterial fermentation patterns, which results in improved intestinal health and integrity. As a result, a cascade of benefits is derived within the body, reinforcing antioxidant protection responses, immunomodulation, and anti-inflammation mechanisms, as well as improving nutrient utilization efficiency. However, the truly molecular mechanisms of action of HS in the intestine and throughout the body remain unknown.
Cultura e Formação de Recursos: reflexões a partir de um caso da vitivinicultura fina brasileira

Once considering resources development as a social process, we must consider it therefore as a cultural process. In this article, we ponder on the organization resource basis development considering it as a cultural dynamic. We assume that a more complete understanding of the precepts of the Resource-based View (RBV) depends on an added cultural review. We study so Villa Francioni Vinhos e Vinhedos’ case, a vineyard that operates in Brazilian’s fine vitiviniculture industry. The case is utilized more as a context for our considerations than as an object to be analyzed. Our thoughts indicate that seeing the resource basis development as a cultural process contributes to elucidate the phenomenon for two main theoretical reasons: first, it brings to RBV a procedural way to understand its phenomenon (not usual in RBV research); second, it extends the concept of culture usually adopted in RBV considering it not only as a source of competitive advantage, but also as context in which one of the most important elements of the strategy theory is developed: strategic resources.
A J C SIAN OURNAL OF HEMISTRY A J C SIAN OURNAL OF HEMISTRY

In present study, the research work has been divided into two sections viz . Firstly, amorphous silica was extracted from different silica rich agricultural and industrial waste materials (fly ash, perlite and rice husk ash) via sol-gel method. The extracted silica (RHA-Si, Perlite-Si, FA-Si) was characterized using BET surface area, FESEM, EDS, XRD, NMR and FTIR techniques. The surface area and particle size of extracted silica was found to be 23.06-255.5 m 2 /g and 61-267 nm. Secondly, fly ash silica was used as catalyst support and modified desirably by loading different molybdenum weight percentages via acid impregnation method. The presence of MoO 3 on the surface of extracted silica were confirmed by different characterization techniques. The kinetic studies of the FASi/Mo-15 catalyst for the vapour phase oxidation of benzene was also investigated by employing the Mars Van Krevelen model to analyze the reaction mechanism and rate of the process. The vapour phase oxidation reaction follows zero order kinetics, with faster benzene conversion occurring at lower intake concentrations and higher reaction temperatures.
Mixed Membership Models for Time Series

In this article we discuss some of the consequences of the mixed membership perspective on time series analysis. In its most abstract form, a mixed membership model aims to associate an individual entity with some set of attributes based on a collection of observed data. Although much of the literature on mixed membership models considers the setting in which exchangeable collections of data are associated with each member of a set of entities, it is equally natural to consider problems in which an entire time series is viewed as an entity and the goal is to characterize the time series in terms of a set of underlying dynamic attributes or "dynamic regimes". Indeed, this perspective is already present in the classical hidden Markov model, where the dynamic regimes are referred to as "states", and the collection of states realized in a sample path of the underlying process can be viewed as a mixed membership characterization of the observed time series. Our goal here is to review some of the richer modeling possibilities for time series that are provided by recent developments in the mixed membership framework.
The State of Climate Change Science for Water Resources Operations, Planning, and Management

Executive Summary and Recommendations Our understanding of climate processes today includes the expectation that climate will be changing over the course of the next century to an extent that these changes must be accounted for in the water resources planning process. Much of our expectations arise from research sponsored by the California Energy Commission through their Public Interest in Energy Research (PIER) program. An update summary of their efforts is provided in a report by Moser and Franco (2008).
ICT4What? - using the Choice Framework to operationalise the capability approach to development

Identifying the specific contribution of the use of ICTs to specific development goals has proven to be extremely difficult. This paper argues that instead of trying to make ICTs fit with a linear conceptualisation of impacts and an often economistic view of development, ICT4D should be used as a prime example of a development process which has to be analysed in a systemic and holistic way. Amartya Sens capability approach offers a way of thinking about development not as economic growth, but as individual freedom. The Choice Framework is presented as a way of operationalising this approach and visualising the elements of a systemic conceptualisation of the development process. An individual case study, related to telecentres in rural Chile, is used to demonstrate the way the Choice Framework can be applied as a guide to a systemic and holistic analysis.
South Africa's Wood Export Potential Using a Gravity Model Approach

Under the Accelerated Shared Growth Initiative for South Africa (ASGISA), the South African government identified priority sectors that need to be promoted and developed in order to accelerate growth and reduce unemployment and poverty by the year 2014. Among these, the wood sector was identified as a priority sector that needs to be developed for this purpose. The development of this sector may contribute towards achieving this objective by higher levels of economic participation and income generation. This paper analyses the determinants of exports of wood and articles of wood using a gravity model approach. It further investigates whether there is unexploited trade potential between South Africa and its trading partners within this sector. The analysis has shown that there is unexploited trade potential among some of South Africa’s trading partners which could stimulate growth to alleviate unemployment and poverty.
A Mean Value Analysis approach to transaction performance evaluation of multi‐server systems

In this paper, we introduce a Mean Value Analysis (MVA)‐based methodology for the performance evaluation of transactions executed in a multi‐server distributed system. We first present probabilistic arguments to investigate under which conditions MVA models provide worst‐case response times, without large overshoots. Then, we show how to characterize the distributed server system so as to construct a model to predict response times as well as to estimate system capacity. Finally, we exemplify the methodology usage via transactions implemented in two distributed Linux systems. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Vascular plant and vertebrate inventories in Sonoran Desert National Parks

Biological inventories are important for natural resource management and interpreta- tion, and can form a foundation for long-term monitoring programs. We inventoried vascular plants and vertebrates in nine National Parks in southern Arizona and western New Mexico from 2000 to 2004 using repeatable designs, commonly accepted methods, and standardized protocols. At Tumacacori National Historical Park alone, we recorded 378 species of plants and 213 species of vertebrates, including a total of 273 species that were previously undocumented in the park. Data collected in all nine parks will be used in developing monitoring plans for National Parks in the Madrean Archipelago, and for the Sonoran Desert ecoregional monitoring effort.
MULTIPARTY COMMUNICATION COMPLEXITY AND THRESHOLD CIRCUIT SIZE OF AC0∗

We prove an nΩ(1)/4k lower bound on the randomized k-party communication complexity of depth 4 AC0 functions in the number-on-forehead (NOF) model for up to Θ(log n) players. These are the first nontrivial lower bounds for general NOF multiparty communication complexity for any AC0 function for ω(log logn) players. For nonconstant k the bounds are larger than all previous lower bounds for any AC0 function even for simultaneous communication complexity. Our lower bounds imply the first superpolynomial lower bounds for the simulation of AC0 by MAJ ◦ SYM ◦ AND circuits, showing that the well-known quasi-polynomial simulations of AC0 by such circuits due to Allender (1989) and Yao (1990) are qualitatively optimal, even for formulas of small constant depth. We also exhibit a depth 5 formula in NPcc k − BPPcc k for k up to Θ(log n) and derive Ω(2 √ log n/ √ k) lower bound on the randomized k-party NOF communication complexity of set disjointness for up to Θ(log n) players, which is significantly larger than the O(log logn) players allowed in the best previous lower bounds for multiparty set disjointness. We prove other strong results for depth 3 and 4 AC0 functions.
TITLE : Treatment with PEG-IFN and ribavirin in patients with chronic hepatitis C , low grade of hepatic fibrosis , genotype 1 and 4 and favorable IFNL 3 genotype : a pharmacogenetic prospective study

Please cite this article as: Lucio Boglione, Chiara Simona Cardellino, Jessica Cusato, Amedeo De Nicolò, Giuseppe Cariti, Giovanni Di Perri, Antonio D'Avolio , Treatment with PEG-IFN and ribavirin in patients with chronic hepatitis C, low grade of hepatic fibrosis, genotype 1 and 4 and favorable IFNL3 genotype: A pharmacogenetic prospective study. The address for the corresponding author was captured as affiliation for all authors. Please check if appropriate. Meegid(2017), doi: 10.1016/j.meegid. 2017.03. 014
Music and Traditions of Thrace (Greece): a trans-cultural teaching tool

The geopolitical location as well as the historical itinerary of Greece over time, has meant that this country has been a meeting place of European, Northern African, and Middle-Eastern cultures. Fables, beliefs and religious ceremonies, linguistic elements, traditional dances and music of different regions of Hellenic space testify to this cultural convergence. One of these regions is Thrace. The aim of this paper is, first, to examine the music and the dances of Thrace and to highlight through them both Balkan and Middle-Eastern influences. Second, through a detailed exposition of music lessons that we have carried out over recent years in schools and universities in the Thrace of today, we attempt to ascertain whether music is or is not a useful communication tool - an international language - for pupils and students. Finally, we will study the influence of these different "traditions" on pupils´ and students´ behavior.
Deep cross-equatorial flow in the Atlantic measured with SOFAR floats

Neutrally buoyant SOFAR floats at nominal depths of 800, 1800, and 3300 m were tracked for 21 months in the vicinity of tropical boundary currents in the Atlantic near 6°N and at several sites near 11°N as well as along the equator. Trajectories at 1800 m show a swift (>50 cm/s), narrow (100 km wide), southward flowing deep western boundary current (DWBC) extending from 7°N to the equator. The average transport per unit depth in the DWBC was estimated to be 13.8 × 103 m2/s. Coupling this value with mean velocities measured in the DWBC by current meters gave a volume transport of 15 × 106 m3/s between depths of 900 m and 2800 m. Approximately 6 × 106 m3/s recirculated northward between the DWBC and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, leaving 9 × 106 m3/s as cross-equatorial transport. No obvious DWBC nor swift equatorial current was observed by the 3300-m floats; a low mean velocity at this depth lay between F-11 and higher velocity cores above and below. The 1800-m trajectories also suggest that at times (February-March 1989) the North Atlantic Deep Water in the DWBC turned eastward and flowed along the equator and at other times (August-September 1990) the DWBC crossed the equator and continued southward. The velocity near the equator, calculated by grouping floats in a box along the equator, was eastward at 4.1 cm/s from February 1989 to February 1990 and westward at 4.6 cm/s from March 1990 to November 1990. Thus the amount of cross-equatorial flow in the DWBC appeared to be linked to low-frequency variability of the structure of the equatorial current system. Floats in Antarctic Intermediate Water at 800 m revealed a northwestward western boundary current, although flow patterns were complicated. Three floats that significantly contributed to the northwestward flow looped in anticyclonic eddies that translated up the coast at 8 cm/s. Six 800-m floats drifted eastward along the equator between 5°S and 6°N at a mean velocity of 11 cm/s; one reached 5°W in the Gulf of Guinea, suggesting that the equatorial currents at this depth extended at least 35°–40° along the equator. Three of these floats reversed direction near the end of the tracking period.