Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
IPv6 mobility in cluster based heterogeneous wireless mesh networks

We present a framework for IPv6 mobility support in Cluster Based Heterogeneous Wireless Mesh Networks. The framework inherits the design and the features from the trendy Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6) which can provide network-based mobility to Mobile Nodes having standard IPv6 stack. Design and implementation details are described. We also present a virtualization method using User-mode Linux and Ns2-Emultion for implementing and testing the framework. Some qualitative results are provided to prove the correctness and the advantages of our framework. KeywordsProxy Mobile IPv6, PMIPv6, Wireless Mesh Network, Heterogneous Access, Seamless Mobility .
SLAM Negatively Regulates IL-21 Production in Tfh-Like Cells from Allergic Rhinitis Patients

Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is characterized by type Ⅰ hypersensitivity that is mediated by IgE-induced humoral responses. It is known that follicular helper T cells (Tfh) comprise the key Th cell subset that promotes antibody production. Signaling lymphocytic activation molecule (SLAM) participates in the regulation of the differentiation and function of Tfh cells, but whether this regulation is involved in the pathogenesis of AR is unknown.Methods: CD4+CXCR5+ Tfh-like cells from peripheral blood were detected by flow cytometry. The levels of IL-21 and IgE in serum were tested by ELISA. Blood CD4+CXCR5+ Tfh-like cells were sorted and cultured with anti-SLAM mAb in vitro.Results: The frequencies of circulating CD4+CXCR5+ Tfh-like cells appeared virtually unchanged in AR patients, but the expression of SLAM and SLAM-associated protein (SAP) on circulating Tfh-like cells was significantly decreased. Meanwhile, the level of serum IL-21 was increased in AR patients, and there was a negative correlation between the levels of IL-21 and the expression of SLAM or SAP in CD4+CXCR5+ T cells. Treatment with anti-SLAM mAb resulted in the reduced production of IL-21 by Tfh-like cells in vitro. Additionally, the expression of SLAM on B cells significantly decreased, although the percentages of B cells were increased in AR patients.Conclusions: SLAM negatively regulates the production of IL-21 in CD4+CXCR5+ Tfh-like cells, which contributes to the pathogenesis of AR.
Pedagogical Problems in Mathematical Training of Future Bachelor Engineers at Technical Universities

In this article analysis of pedagogical research reflecting normative docu-ments of higher education in the field of engineering is described, which shows that they have certain prerequisites and conditions in future engineer professional competence formation. Methods, forms and means of teaching students in technical universities determined. The content of government educational standards in engineering higher education includes humanities, natural sciences, engineering, production and practical components, as well as research, de-sign, organizational, managerial and operational activities for technical university specialties to determine the general types of actions. Main terms such as professiogram with its components and requirements were described, including features, professional work specifics; the specialist model is a set of qualities in a specialist, ensuring successful implementation of problems arising in production and humanitarian activities.
Assessment of AquaCrop Model in Simulating Wheat Crop Water Use and Productivity in Middle Egypt

The high cost of applied research and the effect of many environmental parameters limiting yield production encouraged researchers to develop and implement empirical models able to simulate and predict crop yield close to that obtained under field conditions. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) AquaCrop model is one of these models. It was calibrated and validated for its ability to simulate growth, biomass and grain yields and crop evapotranspiration of wheat (Misr 2 cultivar) using two-year observed data of a field experiment conducted on clay soil under Giza (middle Egypt) condition during 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 seasons. The effect of three irrigation intervals (I1: 21 days; I2: 28 days; and I3: 35 days) on wheat yield and its components and on some water relations was tested. After model calibration/validation processes, four sowing dates (10 and 25 November, 10 and 25 December) with four irrigation intervals and one deficit irrigation treatment were used as scenarios for adaptation study. The root mean square error (RMSE), coefficient of determination (R), and percentage difference (Pd) statistical parameters were used to evaluate the model performance. Results revealed that the predicted data by AquaCrop were in close agreement with the measured data. The observed values were within 90 to 99% of the predicted values in the 1st season, and within 91 to 100% in the 2nd season. Statistical analysis results showed a strong linear relationship between the simulated and the measured data under different irrigation interval treatments in both seasons. The best-fitting model result was obtained with growing session duration with average values of two seasons for R (0.98), RMSE (5.23 days) and Pd (0.98%) followed by the simulated biomass yield with values of 0.97, 363 kg ha and 0.99%. The corresponding values of grain yield were 0.94, 355 kg ha and 0.95%, respectively. The crop water use values were 0.95, 35mm and 0.91%. The results of adaptation study showed that increasing soil moisture content increased simulated aboveground biomass, grain yield and ET crop. Results indicated also that sowing wheat cultivar Maser 2 at Giza region from 10 to 20 November with irrigating crop every 28 days maximize yield and save about 16.3% of irrigation water. The overall results based on extensive validation of the model indicated that AquaCrop is a valid model and can be used with a reliable degree of accuracy to predict wheat yield.
The more the better?: Investigating performance of the Danish and Swedish offshore wind farm cluster

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop a combined social constructivist, internal and external conceptualisation of the process of realising offshore wind farms, and to investigate costs, time, delays and operational performance results of offshore wind farm power plant projects in Denmark and Sweden with a view to possible strategic misrepresentation. Design/methodology/approach – Desk study of a sample of seven Danish and Swedish offshore wind farms using triangulation of publicly available material. Findings – Some of the wind farm projects are successful and some less successful. In the latter group, budget and time overruns and under-performance are found. The paper discusses specific elements of possible strategic misrepresentation but finds a contradictory pattern. Also competences developed on the basis of experience do not produce clear results, since more recent wind farm performance is poorer than earlier. Research limitations/implications – If desk research were combined with other .
Semiconductor Device Modeling with Spice

From the Publisher: With all the clarity and hands-on practicality of the best-selling first edition,this revised version explains the ins and outs of SPICE,plus gives new data on modeling advanced devices such as MESFETs,ISFETs,and thyristors. And because it's the only book that describes the models themselves,it helps readers gain maximum value from SPICE,rather than just telling them how to run the program. This guide is also distinctive in covering both MOS and FET models. Step by step,it takes the reader through the modeling process,providing complete information on a variety of semiconductor devices for designing specific circuit applications. These include: Pn junction and Schottky diodes; bipolar junction transistor (BJT); junction field effect transistor (JFET); metal oxide semiconductor transistor (MOST); metal semiconductor field effect transistor (MESFET); ion sensitive field effect transistor (ISFET); semiconductor controlled rectifier (SCR-thyristor).
Design‐Driven Innovation Process Model

Two applied research projects undertaken in Central Switzerland aimed to introduce design and design management into the strategy building and innovation processes of firms with little or no design experience and—on a theoretical level—to introduce design management into a generic innovation management model. Research with 11 variously-sized companies in a variety of industries revealed that many of the small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) do not engage in innovation activities in a systematic and proactive way in order to understand market and customer needs. They also lack a design management function that would coordinate the processes of product and service development, brand design, and communication to create a coherent market entry and customer experience for new products or services. Researchers explored the contribution of design research, design leadership, and design management to a generic innovation management model, and developed a design-driven innovation process model with six phases: impulse, research, development, strategy, implementation, and evolution. The model is designed to meet the needs of SMEs for easy implementation and cost and risk reduction. Further applied research is planned to validate the model.
Muscle tissue ischemia monitoring using impedance spectroscopy: preliminary results

Ischemia of muscular tissues causes changes in tissue impedance. These changes and therefore ischemia levels can be monitored by measuring tissue impedance. The overall goal of this research is to develop a muscle tissue ischemia monitoring system, based on tissue impedance measurements at various frequencies (impedance spectroscopy). For a successful instrument design, it is necessary to have some knowledge on tissue ischemia-impedance relationship, problems involved with in-vivo measurements of the tissue impedance, repeatability of measurement results, etc. For this purpose, several animal experiments, involving induced ischemia and its monitoring by impedance spectroscopy, were conducted and their results are reported in this paper. These results indicate that the proposed principle can be used for developing a muscle tissue ischemia monitoring system however, they also point out problems that have to be solved.
A methodology for the integrated seismic design of nonlinear buildings with supplemental damping

Designing structures to behave nonlinearly (elastically or inelastically) under strong seismic events has been long recognized to help reducing the seismic forces acting on them. Nonetheless, nonlinear structures often experience larger displacements than their linear counterparts. The concept of allowing nonlinear behavior in structures while capping forces at lower levels and adding viscous damping has been shown to be able to lead to good designs in terms of both levels of seismic forces and peak deformations. This paper presents an approach for the design of nonlinear (elastic or inelastic) structures equipped with viscous dampers that would produce desired levels of inter‐story drifts while reducing seismic forces as well. To attain a nonlinear elastic behavior, use could also be made by the negative stiffness device introduced by others. As inter‐story drifts are reduced to desired levels, the methodology could naturally be used as part of the performance‐based design framework. The values of capping forces and damping coefficients serve as design variables. The capping forces are the yield forces in yielding members and the maximum forces in nonlinear elastic members. The procedure relies on analysis tools only, hence, could be easily incorporated into the practical design process. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Radiation Effects on Semiconductor Devices in High Energy Heavy Ion Accelerators

Radiation effects on semiconductor devices in GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research are becoming more and more significant with the increase of beam intensity due to upgrades. Moreover a new accelerator is being constructed on the basis of GSI within the project of facility for antiproton and ion research (FAIR). Beam intensities will be increased by factor of 100 and energies by factor of 10. Radiation fields in the vicinity of beam lines will increase more than 2 orders of magnitude and so will the effects on semiconductor devices. It is necessary to carry out a study of radiation effects on semiconductor devices considering specific properties of radiation typical for high energy heavy ion accelerators. Radiation effects on electronics in accelerator environment may be divided into two categories: short-term temporary effects and long-term permanent degradation. Both may become critical for proper operation of some electronic devices. This study is focused on radiation damage to CCD cameras in radiation environment of heavy ion accelerator. Series of experiments with irradiation of devices under test (DUTs) by secondary particles produced during ion beam losses were done for this study. Monte Carlo calculations were performed to simulate the experiment conditions and conditions expected in future accelerator. Corresponding comparisons and conclusions were done. Another device typical for accelerator facilities - industrial Ethernet switch was tested in similar conditions during this study. Series of direct irradiations of CCD and MOS transistors with heavy ion beams were done as well. Typical energies of the primary ion beams were 0.5-1 GeV/u. Ion species: from Na to U. Intensities of the beam up to 1e9 ions/spill with spill length of 200-300 ns. Criteria of reliability and lifetime of DUTs in specific radiation conditions were formulated, basing on experimental results of the study. Predictions of electronic device reliability and lifetime were formulated for radiation conditions expected in future at FAIR, basing on Monte Carlo simulations. In addition to main results a new type of CCD-based beam loss monitor (BLM) was proposed and discussed.
The design and testing of a DSP, half-duplex, vertical, DPSK communication link

Accurate in-situ studies of the oceans requires an efficient, fast and reliable method of transmitting information to and from dedicated scientific payloads. The current generation of underwater telemetry systems tend to use proven, low data rate, 'discrete-component' designs. Although these systems perform well in static environments, their performance rapidly degenerates when the environment becomes more dynamic. The next generation of underwater telemetry systems must be able to adapt automatically to the changing environment and counteract time-varying effects by means of flexible signal processing techniques and detection algorithms. This goal is hard, if not impossible, to realise using conventional 'discrete component' designs. This paper presents a vertical communication system that uses an 'Analogue Devices' digital signal processor (DSP) at its heart. This DSP controls the transmission of data and operative commands to and from a seafloor unit, using multi-phase, 2, 4 or 8, differential phase shift keying (DPSK). This system is considered to be the first step towards a completely autonomous, adaptive communications system.
Operational testing of the Battlespace Preparation AUV in the shallow water regime

The Battlespace Preparation Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (BPAUV) were developed under the sponsorship of the Office of Naval Research (ONR) to support development of underwater survey applications in the shallow water (12-91 in (40-300 feet)) and, to some extent, very shallow water (3-12 in (10-40 feet)) regions of the littoral environment. A primary function of this system is to evaluate techniques and technologies for bottom mapping/environmental survey and shallow water mine hunting. Two of these systems were built and each equipped with a Klein 5000 sidescan sonar, a CTD, a miniature fluorometer, and a tight scattering sensor; enabling the collection of the basic environmental data needed to characterize a given area. Initial field trials and a recent field demonstration provided opportunities to examine different dive profiles, evaluate navigational performance and survey capabilities, and evaluate the operator-vehicle interface. This paper includes a discussion of the BPAUV concept, some of the key issues associated with the development of the vehicle, and results generated during the testing and demonstration process.
A new microwave harmonic direction‐finding system for localization of small mobile targets using passive tags

A new harmonic direction‐finding (HDF) system has been designed for the localization of small mobile targets using a radio‐frequency identification (RFID) technique. Thanks to sophisticated electronics and high‐performance filters and antennas, the system has a long range, despite the very small size of the passive tags placed on the targets. This and a very reduced weight are essential requirements for use with living targets such as small animals. Furthermore, it uses inexpensive electronics components and has autonomy on standard rechargeable batteries. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 47: 134–137, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21102
Charge/discharge characteristics of prototype aluminum electrolytic capacitors

Aluminum anode foils were subjected to constant current charge/discharge cycling in an electrolytic cell. From the voltage-time data, the charge and discharge energies and energy loss were calculated. The loss has a minimum value equal to the dissipation factor of the oxide dielectric and increases with the charge field. It depends on the oxide structure and details of the oxide formation process. A surprising observation is a significant dependence on the substrate morphology (etch structure). It is proposed that the high energy loss observed during this operating mode, and also during pulse discharge, is the result of frictional loss in the oxide film resulting from expansion of the oxide at high field and contraction at low field.
Somatostatin Receptor

Somatostatin receptor is a family of G protein-coupled seven transmembrane receptors. Somatostatin acts at many sites to inhibit the release of many hormones and other secretory proteins. The biological effects of somatostatin are probably mediated by a family of G protein-coupled receptors that are expressed in a tissue-specific manner. Include SSTR1, SSTR2, SSTR3, SSTR4, SSTR5. SSTR1 is expressed in highest levels in jejunum and stomach. SSTR2 is a member of the superfamily of receptors having seven transmembrane segments and is expressed in highest levels in cerebrum and kidney. SSTR3 is functionally coupled to adenylyl cyclase. SSTR4 is a member of the superfamily of receptors having seven transmembrane segments and is expressed in highest levels in fetal and adult brain and lung. SSTR5 is a member of the superfamily of receptors having seven transmembrane segments.
Factors that Create Learner Engagement in Network-Based Instruction

Abstract : This research analyzes the design characteristics and organizational systems factors that should be addressed by program managers in the Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery (BUMED) for the development of network-based instruction (NBI). BUMED's development of NBI modules for Medical Department executives represents a radical departure from the form and context of graduate education that these busy professions have experienced in the past. Design characteristics and systems factors must be addressed to ensure that NBI implementation is handled strategically. Many other innovations in instructional technology have failed because they have not considered the fit between the technology and the learners, tasks, and the organization. These factors should be addressed initially in the design of instruction, and ultimately in beta testing. Recommendations of this research focus on those actions that NBI subject matter experts and systems designers can take to ensure that executives are fully engaged in the learning experience. As a result, they will complete the NBI courses, perceive them as valuable, and acquire knowledge, skills, and abilities that will contribute to enhanced job performance.
Noise analysis of broadband active metamaterials with non-Foster loads

Active metamaterials loaded with non-Foster inclusions may exhibit broadband and low-loss material properties, as compared to their passive counterparts. However, the study of their noise performance still remains to be explored. In addition to the Johnson-Nyquist noise from lossy conductors, nonlinear materials used for the design of negative impedance converters (NICs) will give rise to noise as well. In this paper, a general analytical model is developed for the prediction of the noise performance of broadband, stable active metamaterials based on NICs. The noise performance is analyzed in relation to stability, and the effective material properties. The techniques developed in this paper can be applied generally to metamaterials for which equivalent circuit models exist, and results are shown demonstrating the power spectral density and the noise figure of the specific case of an active metamaterial consisting of loaded loop arrays. Results are compared to and verified with circuit simulations.
Investigation of single phase reduced switch count asymmetric multilevel inverter using advanced pulse width modulation technique

In this paper, a new topology for Multilevel Inverter (MLI) with reduced switch count is proposed with an asymmetric dc source configuration. This configuration is used to double the output voltage level in multilevel inverter based on switched dc sources, by adding two switches with dc sources. The increased number of levels in the output voltage reduces the filtering requirements. The working principle of the proposed asymmetric inverter is presented through the single phase fifteen level inverter. The harmonic contents of different modulation indices are examined. The performance analysis of the inverter is compared with trapezoidal and Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) in terms of Total Harmonic Distortion (THD), fundamental rms voltage (V rms ) and Crest Factor (CF). The simulation results for the same are evaluated using MATLAB/SIMULINK
A constant power rectifier for telecommunications using a novel variable turns ratio transformer

The power requirements of modern telecommunications equipment are explored and the need for good half load efficiency and constant power output over a wide DC voltage range is established. This paper then examines the various methods of high frequency AC voltage transformation which can be used within the isolated DC-DC converter stage of a typical power factor corrected rectifier design. For each method considered, the conduction losses in the AC source resistance (switching transistors) are calculated. When the requirement for these conduction losses to be minimised over the voltage transformation range of n:1 through n:1.45 is included, both pulse width modulation (PWM) and series resonant techniques are seen to be far from optimum. Switching losses are ignored in this analysis. The novel aspect of this paper is the presentation of a DC-DC converter stage which makes electronic approximation of a variable transformer having no moving parts and not involving saturating core techniques. Finally it is shown how this invention has allowed the commercial realisation of a 48 V, 2.9 kW rectifier having an output range of 40 V to 70 V, with a constant power output over the range 48 V to 70 V and an efficiency of 91.5% at 54 V and half load.