Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influence of Diabetes Mellitus and Smoking on Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine Profiles in Gingival Crevicular Fluid

Smoking and diabetes mellitus have been recognized as significant modifying factors of the evolution of periodontitis, being considered at the moment as descriptive factors in the periodontitis grading system. The purpose of this study was to assess the consequence of smoking, type 2 diabetes, and the combination of these two factors on clinical periodontal parameters, on the levels of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), and also on ratios of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines by using a commercially available kit-based multiplex fluorescent immunoassay. The study was carried out on 124 volunteers (control (C) group = 29, diabetes mellitus (DM) group = 32, smoking (S) group = 31, and S + DM group = 32). Total mean bleeding on probing was significantly lower in the S and S + DM groups, compared to that of the other groups (p < 0.05). Total amounts of TGF-β, MIP-1α, IL-6, IL-2, and IL-17 were significantly increased in the periodontally healthy sites of diabetes patients (p < 0.05), compared to those of the controls. Systemically healthy smoking patients had higher values of GM-CSF, TGF-β, IL-4, TNF-α, IL-5, and IL-7, while diabetic smoking patients showed higher values of IL-4, TGF-β, and MIP-1α. In smoking and systemically healthy patients, IL-23, IL-7, and IL-12 showed increased concentrations, while concentrations of TGF-β, MIP-1α, IL-2, IL-7, IL-12, IL-17, IL-21, and IL-23 were higher in smoking DM patients. In conclusion, in our study, diabetes mellitus induced a general pro-inflammatory state, while smoking mainly stimulated immunosuppression in the periodontal tissues of periodontitis subjects.
Motion of the Philippine Sea plate consistent with the NUVEL-1A model

Summary We determine Euler vectors for 12 plates, including the Philippine Sea plate (PH), relative to the fixed Pacific plate (PA) by inverting the earthquake slip vectors along the boundaries of the Philippine Sea plate, GPS observed velocities, and 1122 data from the NUVEL-1 and the NUVEL-1A global plate motion model, respectively. This analysis thus also yields Euler vectors for the Philippine Sea plate relative to adjacent plates. Our results are consistent with observed data and can satisfy the geological and geophysical constraints along the Caroline (CR)–PH and PA–CR boundaries. The results also give insight into internal deformation of the Philippine Sea plate. The area enclosed by the Ryukyu Trench–Nankai Trough, Izu–Bonin Trench and GPS stations S102, S063 and Okino Torishima moves uniformly as a rigid plate, but the areas near the Philippine Trench, Mariana Trough and Yap–Palau Trench have obvious deformation.
Dynamics of Task Conflict for Employees in the Virtual Workplace: Moderating Role of Relationship Conflict and Mediating Role of Team Mindfulness

In the modern-day workplace, conflicts among team members are often observeddue to multiple reasons. Therefore, it is important to study the different aspects associatedwith conflict dynamics. For this research study, the sample was selected from organizationsenabled by information and communication technology, where employees are virtually connected. As a result, this research becomes particularly relevant in post-COVID-19 scenarios.SPSS version 23 was employed for moderation and mediation analyses using the Process Macro developed by Preacher and Hayes (version 3.3). Additionally, linear regression analysis was conducted. The statistical tests demonstrated a significant direct effect of task conflict on the outcome variables, as well as the indirect effects of moderating and mediatingvariables. The moderating variable of relationship conflict had a significant impact on bothtask conflict and team mindfulness. The direct association of task conflict was also assessedusing simple linear regression analysis in SPSS. This research explored a novel relationshipamong variables in virtual and digital organizations, where psychological contract breachessometimes also contribute to conflict dynamics. Thus, the study has investigated this phenomenon from the overarching theoretical perspective of mindfulness theory. Valuable recommendations have been provided for future researchers based on the insights derived from this research.
Experimental evidence on the role of the large spatial scale electric field in creating the ring current

This paper presents the first simultaneous in situ measurements of the large-scale convection electric field and the ring current induced magnetic field perturbations in the equatorial plane of the inner magnetosphere and compares them to the evolution of major geomagnetic storms as characterized by Dst. The measurements were obtained from the University of California, Berkeley double-probe electric field experiment and the Air Force Geophysics Laboratory fluxgate magnetometer on the CRRES spacecraft. This spacecraft had an apogee near geosynchronous orbit and a perigee near 300 km altitude. We focus on the major geomagnetic storm on March 24, 1991, for which the maximum negative excursion of Dst was about −300 nT. During the main phase of the storm, the large-scale electric field repeatedly penetrated earthward, maximizing between L = 2 and L = 4 with magnitudes of 6 mV/m. These magnitudes were larger than quiet time values of the electric field by a factor of 60 or more. Electric potential drops across the dusk region from L = 2 to L = 4 ranged up to 50–70 kV in concert with increases in Kp up to 9 and dDst/dt (an indicator of the net ring current injection rate) which ranged up to −50 nT/hr. These electric fields lasted for time periods of the order of an hour or more and were capable of injecting ring current ions from L = 8 to L = 2.4 and energizing particles from initial plasma sheet energies of 1–5 keV up to 300 keV through conservation of the first adiabatic invariant. The data obtained during the recovery phase of this storm provide the first direct experimental evidence in the equatorial plane that the electric field is systematically diminished or shielded earthward of the inner edge of the ring current during this phase of the geomagnetic storm. Also observed during the 2-week recovery phase were episodic enhancements in the electric field which coincided and were colocated with enhancements of in situ ring current intensity and which also coincided with decreases in Dst. These enhancements in the electric field and in the ring current magnetic field perturbation occurred at progressively larger radial positions as the recovery phase continued. Evidence for regions of reversed convection near midnight during the recovery phase is provided. An unexpected and important feature of this data set, during both main and recovery phases, near 1800–2100 MLT, is that electric fields are often much stronger earthward of L = 4 or L = 5 than at positions more distant than L = 6. This suggests important features of the interaction between the hot ring current plasma and the large-scale electric field in the inner magnetosphere are not yet understood.
Un nuevo marco de análisis para los bienes públicos: la Teoría de los Bienes Públicos Globales/A New Analytical Framework for Public Goods: the Theory of Global Public Goods

El proceso de globalizacion, junto con otros factores, ha traido aparejado una transformacion sustantiva en la justificacion y en la capacidad de actuacion del sector publico en una economia de mercado. En este trabajo analizamos uno de los vertices de este proceso, concretamente como la tradicional Teoria de los Bienes Publicos es ampliada con una nueva Teoria de los Bienes Publicos Globales (BPG), como consecuencia de que el ambito en el que emergen algunos de los bienes no rivales y no excluibles mas relevantes se ha hecho transnacional. Tras introducir el fenomeno de los BPG, se esboza un modelo de provision/financiacion eficiente para los mismos y se extraen algunas conclusiones de politica economica, entre ellas la necesidad, para la mayoria de los BPG, de una intervencion publica de naturaleza supranacional para garantizar un nivel de dotacion eficiente de los mismos. The globalization process, together with other contributing factors, has brought about a substantial transformation in the justification and ability of public sector intervention in a market economy. In this paper, we cover one of the areas of this process, specifically how the traditional Public Goods Theory is widened with a new Theory of Global Public Goods (GPG), arising from the fact that some of the more relevant non-rival and non-excludable goods come from a transnational framework. After presenting the phenomena of the GPG, we outline a model of efficient provision and financing of these goods and we then extract some conclusions on economic policy, amongst them, the need of a transnational public intervention to guarantee an efficient level of provision for most GPG.
EVOLUCIÓN Y FACTORES DETERMINANTES DE LA HUELLA ECOLÓGICA DE LA PESCA DE CAMARÓN BLANCO (LITOPENAEUS OCCIDENTALIS) EN EL PACÍFICO COLOMBIANO

The ecological fishprint is an adaptation of original ecological footprint concept to quantify the pressure of fishery on marine ecosystems. In a complementary role of other fishery indicators, this ecological fishprint try to show a more ecosystemic evaluation of the fishing impact in Colombian, with a first application on the white shrimp (L. occidentalis) fishery. For such purpose, the ecological fishprint was estimated from 1956 to 2010 including artisanal and industrial fleets, whereas an econometric model was fitted to assess the effect of some environmental, economic and fishing variables on the performance of the fishery. The results showed an increase in the fishprint during the studied period: 4.72 gha/ton white shrimp in 1956 to 66.43 gha/ton white shrimp in 2010, which shows an increase of more than 1300%. The fitted econometric model indicated the dynamic effect of previous period and the artisanal fishery rising prevalence on others variables to explicate fishprint. This research gives a new perspective on environmental impact of shrimp fishery on Colombian Pacific, emphasizing that fishery management and conservation measures should control the shrimp bycatch and the selectivity of the fishing gears used by both artisanal and industrial fleets.
A Simple Model of Abyssal Circulation, Including Effects of Wind, Buoyancy and Topography

Abstract We examine problems of steady abyssal circulation using an inviscid planetary geostrophic layered model. The model includes an active wind-driven upper layer and arbitrary topography; forcing is in the form of specified interlayer mass fluxes from which we model global upwelling and geothermal heating. The results considered in this study are appropriate to the shadow zone of a Pacific-sized, moderately wind-forced oceanic basin. It is found that topographic effects, global upwelling and geothermal heating may all control the abyssal circulation, at least locally, within realistic values of their parameter ranges, suggesting that a better understanding of the geothermal and interior buoyancy flux fields is necessary for an understanding of abyssal circulation in the ocean. The model reduces to a nonlinear extension of the one-layer abyssal circulation model of Stommel and Arons, generalized to include mass flux structure and topography, and this limit is shown to be valid in an oceanic shadow zon.
The influence of weather conditions on annual height increments of Scots pine

Abstract Annual height increments are a very important characteristic of Scots pine. They have a direct effect on the determination of the dendrometric properties of a stand, such as volume increment. In the present study the data concern height increments of the main shoot in selected age classes of trees (age 72 to 92 years). A relationship is determined between the values of the increments and meteorological conditions such as temperature, precipitation and sunshine. On the basis of lasso regression analysis, precipitation in the year preceding the incremental season was shown to have the greatest effect on height increments of Scots pine.
An estimate of the absolute stress tensor in Kaoiki, Hawaii

The stress tensor orientation was calculated by inversion of 81 fault plane solutions of M = 3.5 ± 0.6 earthquakes located in an area 6 by 16 km at depths of 7 ± 2 km. This crustal volume is situated on a straight line between the summits of the active volcanoes Kilauea and Mauna Loa. The orientation of the greatest principal stress was found to be near horizontal and in the line connecting the two volcanoes. This is further evidence supporting the model that magmatic expansion within the feeding conduits of these volcanoes is the source of stress that causes earthquakes in southern Hawaii. These earthquakes are tectonic earthquakes in the sense that they occur in a brittle elastic crust at distances of a few to several tens of kilometers from the volcanoes, and that they are not directly associated with the opening of cracks by intrusions. We propose that this model leads to the corollary that the shear stresses (τ) responsible for earthquake failure in the shallow Hawaiian crust are approximately 3 ± 2 MPa, and that the pore pressure of ground-water (p) in the hypocentral volume must be under near lithostatic pressure. This result is obtained by arguing that the greatest principal stress (σ1) is equal to the magma pressure in the volcanic feeder pipe, but cannot exceed the least principal stress (σ3) by more than the tensile strength of the crust, because otherwise hydrofracture would occur, opening a crack against the least principal stress. Given the difference between the greatest and least principal stress, the fact that the overburden at the 7 km hypocentral depth equals the intermediate principal stress and the ratio R = (σ1 − σ2)/(σ1 − σ3) = 0.4, which is obtained in the inversion of fault plane solutions, we estimate that σ1 = 202 MPa, σ2 = 200 MPa, σ3 = 196 MPa, τ = 3 MPa, and σn = 199 MPa, with uncertainties on the order of several MPa. It follows that for any coefficients of friction larger than 0.15, the pore fluid pressure necessary for faulting on the observed fault planes has to be larger than 90% of the lithostatic pressure. These considerations suggest that many earthquakes represent fault ruptures under low ambient shear stresses in the order of the average observed stress drop of 3 MPa.
The future of psychiatry with artificial intelligence: can the man-machine duo redefine the tenets?

As one of the largest contributors of morbidity and mortality, psychiatric disorders are anticipated to triple in prevalence over the coming decade or so. Major obstacles to psychiatric care include stigma, funding constraints, and a dearth of resources and psychiatrists. The main thrust of our present-day discussion has been towards the direction of how machine learning and artificial intelligence could influence the way that patients experience care. To better grasp the issues regarding trust, privacy, and autonomy, their societal and ethical ramifications need to be probed. There is always the possibility that the artificial mind could malfunction or exhibit behavioral abnormalities. An in-depth philosophical understanding of these possibilities in both human and artificial intelligence could offer correlational insights into the robotic management of mental disorders in the future. This article looks into the role of artificial intelligence, the different challenges associated with it, as well as the perspectives in the management of such mental illnesses as depression, anxiety, and schizophrenia.
East European immigration and community cohesion

An exploration of how Eastern European immigration affects community cohesion. This study profiles new immigrants from five Eastern European countries living in the London Boroughs of Harrow and Hackney and the City of Brighton and Hove. It explores how the presence of these new immigrants (from Albania, Bulgaria, Russia, Serbia and Montenegro and Ukraine) affects community cohesion. This research explores the characteristics and experiences of new European immigrants to the UK since 1989, including their interaction with local long-term residents, and in relation to issues of community cohesion. Focusing on three localities in South-East England, the report: - highlights positive features of this new immigration; - explores how the presence of these new affects community cohesion; - contributes to the public debate on integration and cohesion; and - draws on interviews with new immigrants and long-term residents in 2005.
Genome characterization of quinolone resistance associated genes of flavobacterium columnare isolated from columnaris diseased asian sea bass (lates calcarif)ER)

THAI) พุธิตา โชคมั่งมีพิศาล : การศึกษาคุณลักษณะทางจีโนมของยีนท่ีเกี่ยวข้องกับการด้ือต่อ ยากลุ่มควิโนโลนของเช้ือ ฟลาโวแบคทีเรียม คอลัมแนร์ ท่ีแยกได้จากปลากะพงขาวที่ เป็นโรคคอลัมนาริส. ( GENOME CHARACTERIZATION OF QUINOLONE RESISTANCE ASSOCIATED GENES OF FLAVOBACTERIUM COLUMNARE ISOLATED FROM COLUMNARIS DISEASED ASIAN SEA BASS (LATES CALCARIFER)) อ. ท่ีปรึกษาหลัก : ผศ. น. สพ. ดร. ชาญณรงค์ รอดค า, อ. ท่ีปรึกษาร่วม : น. สพ. ดร. พัฒนพล ขยันส ารวจ ฟลาโวแบคทีเรียม คอลัมแนร์ เป็นแบคทีเรียแกรมลบท่ีก่อให้เกิดโรคคอลัมนาริสในปลา น้ าจืดหลายชนิด ซึ่งการศึกษานี้เป็นรายงานการศึกษาคุณลักษณะ รวมท้ังการศึกษารูปแบบการด้ือ ต่อยาปฏิชีวนะของเช้ือฟลาโวแบคทีเรียม คอลัมแนร์ ในปลากระพงขาวท่ีเพาะเล้ียงในน้ าจืดใน ประเทศไทย เป็นครั้งแรก โดยเช้ือจ านวน 15 ไอโซเลท ถูกแยกได้จากปลากระพงขาวท่ีมีอาการ ของโรคคอลัมนาริส จากการศึกษาความสัมพันธ์ทางพันธุกรรม ระบุว่าเช้ือฟลาโวแบคทีเรียม คอลัมแนร์ ในปลากระพงขาว จัดอยู่ใน genetic group ท่ี 2 และ 4 จากผลการทดสอบความไวต่อ ยาปฏิชีวนะด้วยวิธี disk diffusion พบว่าเช้ือด้ือต่อกรดออกโซลินิค และกรดนาลิดิซิก ตามล าดับ นอกจากนี้ การศึกษาเพื่อหาค่าต่ าสุดในการยับยั้งการเจริญของเช้ือแบคทีเรีย (MIC) พบว่าในกลุ่มท่ี ด้ือต่อยาควิโนโลน มีค่า MIC ต่ออกรดออกโซลินิค และต่อกรดนาลิดิซิกสูงสุด คือ 16 μg/mL และ >64 μg/mL ตามล าดับ นอกจากนี้ ยังได้มีการมุ่งเน้นศึกษายีนที่เกี่ยวข้องกับกลไกการด้ือต่อ ยากลุ่มควิโนโลน โดยใช้ complete genome analysis จากการวิเคราะห์เทียบกับฐานข้อมูลยีน ด้ือยา พบว่ายีนส่วนใหญ่เป็นยีนท่ีเกี่ยวข้องกับ efflux pump ท่ีช่วยในกลไกลดปริมาณยาภายใน เซลล์ และยังมีการศึกษาเพิ่มเติมในส่วนของการกลายพันธุ์ในส่วนคิวอาร์ดีอาร์ (quinolone resistance-determining regions: QRDRs) ของยีนไจร์ เอ (gyrA) ไจร์บี (gyrB) พาร์ซี (parC) และพาร์อี (parE) อีกด้วย พบว่ามีการกลายพันธุ์ท่ีต าแหน่ง 370 ในไจร์บี และ 389 ในพาร์อี ใน กลุ่มเช้ือท่ีด้ือต่อยาควิโนโลนทุกไอโซเลท แต่การกลายพันธุ์ท่ีต าแหน่ง 83 บนไจร์เอ พบในกลุ่มด้ือ ยาทุกไอโซเลท ยกเว้น SP1805 ซึ่งมีค่า MIC ต่อกรดออกโซลินิค อยู่ในระดับต่ า ซึ่งจากผลการ วิเคราะห์ดังกล่าว สรุปได้ว่า การเกิดการกลายพันธุ์ท่ีต าแหน่ง 370 ในไจร์บี และ 389 ในพาร์อี มี ผลต่อกลไกการดื้อต่อกรดออกโซลินิค และกรดนาลิดิซิก ในขณะท่ีการเกิดการกลายพันธุ์ที่ต าแหน่ง 83 บนไจร์เอ มีผลต่อกลไกการด้ือต่อกรดออกโซลินิค แต่อย่างไรก็ตาม ในกลุ่มท่ีไวต่อยาควิโนโลน พบว่ามีการกลายพันธุ์ท่ีต าแหน่ง 88 และ 183 บนพาร์ซี ดังนั้นการกลายพันธุ์บนยีนพาร์ซี อาจ ไม่ได้มีอิทธิพลต่อกลไกการด้ือต่อยาควิโนโลนมากนัก สาขาวิชา พยาธิชีววิทยาทางสัตวแพทย์ ลายมือช่ือนิสิต . ปีการศึกษา 2561 ลายมือช่ือ อ. ท่ีปรึกษาหลัก . ลายมือช่ือ อ. ท่ีปรึกษาร่วม .
In Vitro Enzyme Kinetics and NMR-Based Product Elucidation for Glutathione S-Conjugation of the Anticancer Unsymmetrical Bisacridine C-2028 in Liver Microsomes and Cytosol: Major Role of Glutathione S-Transferase M1-1 Isoenzyme

This work is the next step in studying the interplay between C-2028 (anticancer-active unsymmetrical bisacridine developed in our group) and the glutathione S-transferase/glutathione (GST/GSH) system. Here, we analyzed the concentration- and pH-dependent GSH conjugation of C-2028 in rat liver microsomes and cytosol. We also applied three recombinant human GST isoenzymes, which altered expression was found in various tumors. The formation of GSH S-conjugate of C-2028 in liver subfractions followed Michaelis-Menten kinetics. We found that C-2028 was conjugated with GSH preferentially by GSTM1-1, revealing a sigmoidal kinetic model. Using a colorimetric assay (MTT test), we initially assessed the cellular GST/GSH-dependent biotransformation of C-2028 in relation to cytotoxicity against Du-145 human prostate cancer cells in the presence or absence of the modulator of GSH biosynthesis. Pretreatment of cells with buthionine sulfoximine resulted in a cytotoxicity decrease, suggesting a possible GSH-mediated bioactivation process. Altogether, our results confirmed the importance of GSH conjugation in C-2028 metabolism, which humans must consider when planning a treatment strategy. Finally, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy elucidated the structure of the GSH-derived product of C-2028. Hence, synthesizing the compound standard necessary for further advanced biological and bioanalytical investigations will be achievable.
Characteristics of snow cover in the Hindukush, Karakoram and Himalaya region using Landsat satellite data

Estimation of snow cover characteristics (snow grain size, snow contamination, snow depth and liquid water content) from satellite data are important components for many hydrological models used for the water resource management. This research aimed to use Landsat ETM+ (Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus) data to estimate the snow pack characteristics in northern Pakistan. The Normalized Difference Snow Index (NDSI), Snow Contamination Index (SCI) and Snow Grain Size Index (SGI) are applied to estimate the snow cover characteristics in northern Pakistan for the first time. Qualitative maps are generated to show the snow cover distribution, snow contamination concentration and snow grain size distribution over snow cover area. Our results show that NDSI, SCI and SGI can be effectively used to identify snow area, contaminated snow and ageing snow. Furthermore, the results of the current study indicate that in the HKH region 99.8% of the snow is least contaminated whereas 94.50% of the area has fine snow grain size. As no such attempt in the past has been made in northern Pakistan, it is envisaged that the results of this study will be helpful in planning remote sensing data for the water resource management and in characterizing the snow cover for the climate change applications in the region. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Simple calibration of AVIRIS data and LAI mapping of forest plantation in southern Argentina

During the 2001 EO-1 campaign in Argentina, two high spectral resolution image scenes of AVIRIS were acquired at two study sites in the Patagonia region of southern Argentina on 15 February 2001. A total of 70 LAI measurements were taken from different forest types in the same areas one month later, and some spectroradiometric measurements were also collected from the nearby highway and different forest stands in the areas. In this study, we compared the effectiveness of the three types of AVIRIS data used for estimating and mapping LAI. The three types of data correspond to AVIRIS original radiance (OR), corrected radiance (CR) and retrieved surface reflectance (SR). We first simulated the total at-sensor radiances using MODTRAN4, then used ground spectroradiometric measurements taken from different targets to improve the reflectances for each pixel on the image. The CR images were obtained by subtracting path radiance from the OR images. A 10-term LAI prediction model for each type of data was constructed to predict pixel-based LAI values. Finally, the pixel-based LAI value was sliced and mapped for all the three types of images. The results of mapping LAI using the three types of AVIRIS data (OR, CR and SR) indicate that mapping LAI by SR is the most realistic, followed by CR. The poorest result occurs when mapping LAI with OR data due to atmospheric effect. The SR data can lead to higher correlation with LAI in some bands and produce higher accuracy indices for the 10-term predictive model, although some indices from the test set for SR data have a somewhat lower correlation with LAI than those produced with OR data. Therefore, in general, it can be concluded that the retrieved surface reflectance data is more effective for mapping forest LAI compared to the other two types of data.