Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimal characteristics of fuel cell generating systems for utility distribution networks

This work evaluates the optimal parameters and locations of proton exchange membrane fuel cell stacks in distribution networks with the viewpoint of load curve management for residential, commercial and industrial consumers. In order to determine this optimal location, methods of multicriteria decision-making were employed. Under insufficient information, it can be used typical load curves and data regarding to monthly energy consumption for each group of typical consumers to estimate the distribution transformer load curves. The aim of the proposed algorithms is to establish the power level of the fuel cell contribution to be considered at the design stage of the power plant. The criteria for that are to take into account the amount of thermal energy demanded by the installation, the energy level of consumption and the changes in the load curve shapes of either consumers or feeder.
Dynamic running control of quadrupedal robot using artificial muscle mechanism

In this paper, in order to clarify the role of dynamics based control, we conducted research on dynamics of the mechanical system for a quadrupedal robot in jumping locomotion. A control strategy of the mechanical system for Patrush, our quadrupedal robot with compliant legs, was introduced and successfully applied in our research. In addition, we developed a tendon driven mechanism with a flexible pneumatic actuator, by means of which the quadrupedal robot is able to execute a dynamic running gait. MPEG footage of these experiments can be seen at: http://www.kimura. is.uec. ac.jp.
A Haptic-Based Approach for Cable Design and Routing in Industrial Complex Products

Cable design and routing is a time-consuming and costly process for industrial complex products, traditionally it is finished by experienced engineers through soft lead or aluminum wire fitting in physical models, or by automatic or semi-automatic computing method in CAD system, but both with little success. In this paper, a new haptic-based interactive method is proposed. After rigid product models are loaded from CAD system, a geometry modeling method is used to represent cable shape, a physics modeling method for calculating cable deformation, and a haptic modeling method for interaction and force feedback. In this prototyping system, the user can define cable position and path, change its shape and size, and then simulate the design and routing process with haptic to feel the touch, collision and force feedback.
Mixed Analog-Digital Design Considerations in Deep Submicron CMOS Technologies

Higher speed and higher density are the main thrusts of CMOS technology and are achieved by device miniaturization. In deep submicron geometries, the supply voltage is scaled down to prevent reliability hazards such as oxide breakdown and hot carrier effects and also to reduce energy per operation of digital circuits. Lowering the supply voltage directly reduces the signal swing, which in turn makes the design of high-speed wide dynamic range mixed-signal SC circuits a challenge. It is also desirable to implement SC circuits in a standard digital CMOS process, where double-poly capacitors are not available, because the driving forces behind the CMOS technologies are DRAMs and microprocessors which do not require linear capacitors. This thesis demonstrates that analog circuit design can track projected digital technology until at least the year 2010. It addresses the design of low-voltage and high-speed SC circuits and also explores the feasibility of using MOSFET capacitors in a linear SC circuit. The thesis describes an experimental CMOS process implemented as a subset of a μm dual n+/p+ poly gate process using natural MOSFETs. A experimental SC sigma-delta modulator is presented—the lowest supply voltage reported so far for SC Σ∆ modulators. Also described is a high-speed fourth-order SC bandpass Σ∆ modulator and a novel fourth-order double-sampled SC bandpass Σ∆ modulator together with their experimental results. Finally, a fourth-order bandpass SC Σ∆ modulator designed in a digital CMOS process using pMOSFET capacitors is described. 1 V 0.5 1 V
Creating and Improving a Closed Loop: Design Optimization and Knowledge Discovery in Architecture

This paper presents computational methods for creating and improving a closed loop of design optimization and knowledge discovery in architecture. It first introduces a design knowledge-assisted optimization improvement method with the technique - offline simulation - to reduce the computing time and improve the efficiency of the design optimization process utilizing architectural domain knowledge. It then describes a new design knowledge discovery system where design knowledge can be discovered from optimization through an automatic data mining approach. The discovered knowledge has the potential to further help improve the efficiency of the optimization method, thus forming a closed loop of improving optimization and knowledge discovery. The demonstration and validation of both methods are presented in the context of a case study with parametric form-finding for a nursing unit design with two design objectives: minimizing the nurses' travel distance and maximizing daylighting performance in patient rooms.
Using and Understanding Power in Psychological Research: A Survey Study

Statistical power is key to planning studies if understood and used correctly. Power is the probability of obtaining a statistically significant p-value, given a set alpha, sample size, and population effect size. The literature suggests that psychology studies are underpowered due to small sample sizes, and that researchers do not hold accurate intuitions about sensible sample sizes and associated levels of power. In this study, we surveyed 214 psychological researchers, and asked them about their experiences of using a priori power analysis, effect size estimation methods, post hoc power, and their understanding of what the term “power” actually means. Power analysis use was high, although participants reported difficulties with complex research designs, and effect size estimation. Participants also typically could not accurately define power. If psychological researchers are expected to compute a priori power analyses to plan their research, clearer educational material and guidelines should be made available.
Ultracompact linear on-chip silicon optical logic gates with phase insensitivity

All-optical integrated circuits for computing and information processing have been pursued for decades as a potential strategy to overcome the speed limitations intrinsic to electronics. However, feasible on-chip integrated logic units and devices still have been limited by their size, quality, scalability, and reliability. Here we analyse all-passive on-chip optical AND and NAND logic gates made from a directional emitting cavity connecting two ultrasmall photonic-crystal heterojunction diodes. The measured transmission spectra show more than 10 dB contrast of the logic transport with a high phase tolerance, agreeing well with numerical simulations. The building of linear, passive, and ultracompact silicon optical logic gates might pave the way to construct novel nanophotonic on-chip processor architectures for future optical computing technologies.
A compact 5-bit phase shifter MMIC for K-band satellite communication systems

The design and performance of a compact, K-band, 5-bit phase shifter MMIC is presented. Extensive EM simulation and compact circuit design techniques were employed to yield an MMIC with a 1.693 mm/spl times/0.750 mm (1.27 mm/sup 2/) die size. Measured performance of the phase shifter at 19 GHz demonstrates 5 dB/spl plusmn/0.6 dB insertion loss and 3/spl deg/ RMS phase error.
Security and Common Attacks against Network Layer In Wireless Sensor Networks

There have been a lot of researches carried out for improving security in wireless sensor networks recently. The reason for these challenges is the existence of sensor devices in military, observance and ecology control. But regarding the inherent limitations and the nature of sensors in this network, considering its energy resources and computational capabilities, security in sensor networks has been one of the challenging issues and they have critical differences compared with the security issues in traditional networks. Frequent attacks try to misuse unreliable communicative channels and work in unpreserved environments and penetrate into or destroy the network. In this article we will study security requirements and then represent the security obstacles related to sensor networks' grid layer.
Real-life CRONOS evaluation

CRONOS is a real-time urban traffic control (UTC) algorithm developed at INRETS in France (Boillot et al., 1992). It provides the traffic light states (green, amber, red) of junctions for the next few seconds based on a traffic criterion optimisation and using the rolling horizon concept (Gartner, 1982). Three main features characterise it: its ability to control, in the same optimisation process, a zone of a few junctions (typically 5 or 10 junctions). This feature comes from the good properties of the modified Box algorithm version used for the optimisation purpose; its flexibility in the choice of the traffic light states: CRONOS is acyclic and no stages are defined a priori. Each junction is defined as a set of safety constraints on the traffic light groups which define all the forbidden durations and correlations of the states; and its ability to use video based measurements like the queue lengths along the links or the spatial occupancy in the inner junction storing zones. It was decided to undertake a real-life evaluation of the CRONOS performances. After the building of a complete control chain described in Boillot (1997), an 8 months experience has been undertaken on a single junction. We describe in the paper the main features of this experience and the evaluation results.
Approaches to Stabilizing the Forward Voltage of Bipolar SiC Devices

We identify several promising approaches to PiN diode fabrication, which greatly reduce forward voltage (Vf) drift in PiN diodes fabricated on standard 8° off-axis 4H-SiC substrates. Our best results require thick buffer layers and growing the entirety of the active device structure without interruption. We address the roles of buffer and drift layer thickness, continuous growth, processing variations and alternative substrate preparation, including ) 0 2 11 ( substrates, on Vf drift. Lastly we report on progress made to reduce the density of stacking fault nucleation sites in PiN diodes.
Current sourced bi-directional inductive power transfer system

Modern electronic systems and appliances are preferably powered through wireless techniques. Inductive power transfer (IPT) is an efficient technique that is suitable for supplying contactless or wireless power to numerous applications. IPT systems with the capability of bi-directional power flow are attractive for applications, such as vehicle-to-grid systems and moving equipment that require contactless charging and discharging, and regenerative energy recovery. This study presents a new bi-directional IPT technique that suppling power from one system to another, across an air-gap and through weak magnetic coupling in both directions. The proposed system employs a parallel resonant circuit together with a controlled rectifier on each side of the air-gap to facilitate bi-directional and contactless power flow. A mathematical model is presented to show that both amount and direction of the power flow can be controlled through either relative phase angle or magnitude control of the voltages generated by controlled rectifiers. The viability of the proposed bi-directional IPT concept is demonstrated with experimental evidence of a 500 W prototype bi-directional IPT system. Both experimental and simulations results are in good agreement, and indicate that the proposed IPT system is feasible and attractive for applications, where bi-directional power flow is advantageous.
Pulse sharpening in a uniform LC ladder network containing nonlinear ferroelectric capacitors

The authors describe a method of pulse sharpening in which nonlinear ferroelectric capacitors are used as the nonlinear elements in an LC ladder network instead of saturating inductors. The ladder described is uniform, i.e., each section is identical and comprises a nonlinear capacitor and an air-cored inductor. The ladder is in the form of a simple low-pass filter and acts, at low potentials, as a lumped element delay line in which the delay depends on the number of sections in the ladder and the square root LC delay time of each section. Pulse sharpening is caused by the amplitude dependence of the phase velocity of signals propagating along the ladder. <<ETX>>
RELATIONSHIP OF GROUND AND KNEE JOINT REACTION FORCES IN PLYOMETRIC EXERCISES

The purpose of the current study was to assess the relationship between peak vertical ground reaction force (GRF) and peak knee joint reaction force (KJRF). Eighteen recreationally active college students performed a countermovement jump, single leg jump, and drop jump from a height equal to their vertical jump. Vertical ground reaction forces were assessed with a force plate and KJRF were assessed using a combination of GRF and video data. A Paired samples t-Test revealed GRF to be significantly greater compared to KJRF for all jumps (p<0.001). Regression analysis indicated a linear relationship between GRF and KJRF for all the jumps. The R2 values for each jump were CMJ=0.990; DJ=0.993; SLJ=0.995. These results indicate that GRF data may be a viable alternative for assessing KJRF.
IMPACT OF INTRODUCING THE MIDDLE ALTERNATIVE: META-ANALYTIC APPROACH

This paper explores the impact of adding a compromise alternative into the choice set taking into account the previous findings in the literature. The paper takes a meta-analytical approach when examining the results of previously published peer-reviewed studies which included specific product categories in their study design. The literature selection process generated 69 choice set comparisons across 8 scientific studies including over 14 000 individual observations which allow examining the compromise effect in a broader view.
Method of Optimal Allocation of SVR in Distribution Feeders with Renewable Energy Sources

Abstract – In this paper, the authors propose a determination method of optimal allocation and transfer of step voltage regulators (SVRs) in distribution feeders with renewable energy sources (RES). The feature of the proposed method is to determine optimal allocation and transfer of SVRs based on the forecasted amount of PV introduced to distribution feeders a few years later and cooperative controlling of SVRs and LRT. In the proposed method, voltage margin is maximized under a constraint that all the node voltages are controlled within the proper range for a certain period of years. In order to verify the validity of the proposed method, the optimal allocation and transfer of SVRs obtained by the proposed method is compared with the optimal one of the conventional approach. In the numerical simulation results, the number of transfer and install of SVR with the proposed method is reduced from those of conventional method. Keywords : Optimal allocation, SVR, Distribution system, Voltage control, Renewable Energy Sources
A Direct-Reading Current-Comparator Bridge for Scaling Four-Terminal Impedances at Audio Frequencies

A direct-reading current-comparator bridge circuit, for scaling four-terminal impedances which do not deviate from nominal by more than a few thousand parts per million, is described. The scaling is performed at constant voltage and the impedances are treated as true four-terminal devices in that, at balance, no current is drawn from the potential terminals. The principal feature of the circuit is the use of a compensation winding to excite the magnetic shield of the current comparator and thus suppress the effect of lead unbalances. Possible applications of the bridge include the scaling of four-terminal resistance standards between 1 milliohm and 100 ohms at frequencies ranging from 50 Hz to 1600 Hz. Construction details and calibration of a current comparator for use in a 10-to-1 ratio bridge are given.
Depth profiling of defects in stainless steel using electric potential sensors and a non-contact a.c. potential drop method

A new technique is described a non-contact version of the well-known AC potential drop method. Electric potential sensor technology is capable of measuring, non-contact, the spatial electric potential associated with a sample via the displacement current, through capacitive coupling. This can be achieved due to the extremely high input impedance of the sensors, resulting in many cases in no loss of signal when compared with a contact voltage measurement. For laboratory samples, an AC current is passed through the sample and the spatial potential above the surface monitored as a function of position. For a full non-contact implementation this current would be induced inductively as in eddy current testing systems. Previous work on stainless steel using this new technique was able to detect 1 mm of material loss from the inside of a 24 mm-thick sample. The work described here extends this by applying multiple frequencies simultaneously to a sample and analysing the data for each frequency component separately. In this way, depth information about faults within a material may be obtained, due to the skin depth effect. This enables the location and characterisation of faults in three dimensions to be achieved while only performing a single scan.
Progressive Collapse Resisting Capacity of Moment Frames with Infill Steel Panels

In this paper the progressive collapse behaviour of a moment frame with infill steel panels is evaluated using nonlinear static pushdown analysis. The analysis model is a two storey two span structure designed only for gravity load, and the loaddisplacement relationship is obtained with the centre column removed. To obtain local stress and strain as well as the global structural behaviour, a finite element analysis is conducted using ABACUS. Through the analysis the effect of the span length and the thickness of the steel plate on the progressive collapse behaviour of the structure is investigated, and the effect of the dividing the infill panel using stud columns is also studied. According to the analysis results, the thickness of the panels required to prevent progressive collapse increases as the span length increases, and as the number of panel division increases the progressive collapse resisting capacity increases slightly but the effect is not significant.
A Lit erature Study on Finger Knuckle Matching Techniques

The texture pattern created by the finger knuckle bending is very distinctive and makes the surface a distinctive biometric s ymbol. In crime scenes and forensics finger knuckle distinguishing is a very important finger knuckle is poor quality image cannot simple to extract. Its matching finger knuckle image it's necessary to extract options for economical to enhance the matching accura cy. This paper presents a literature survey for associate degree rising biometric symbol, specifically finger knuckle - print (FKP), for private identification. The various matching rule and techniques square measure mentioned.
Direct Torque and Flux Control of Squirrel Cage Induction Motor

The paper presents a novel control method for Direct Torque and Flux Control (DTFC) of an Induction Machine (IM) fed by Space Vector Pulse Width Modulated (SVPWM) voltage source inverter. The control principle is based on Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC) and space vector modulator (SVM). The proposed robust-intelligent controller improves the low speed performance, the torque and the flux ripple and its dynamic performance of the induction machine as compared to the conventional methods of DTC.
Cost-Effectiveness of Five Emission Reduction Strategies for Inland River Tugs and Towboats

Waterborne transit is one of the safest and most efficient forms of goods movement. The tug and tow industry transports more than 800 million tons of cargo each year and is a vital component of the U.S. intermodal freight transportation network. However, emissions from tugboat operations on the nation's inland river waterways and at ports affect air quality, public health, and welfare. Although ports and vessel operators can mitigate these environmental impacts with a variety of technological and operational strategies, the effectiveness and cost of each strategy vary greatly. This study analyzes the cost-effectiveness of five tugboat emission reduction strategies: (a) vessel engine repowering, (b) vessel speed reduction, (c) biodiesel, (d) diesel particulate filters, and (e) selective catalytic reduction. Each strategy is evaluated for its emissions benefits, total costs to involved parties (potentially including the tugboat industry, ports, and government agencies), and overall cost-effectiveness in reducing emissions of nitrogen oxide, carbon monoxide, particulate matter, and carbon dioxide. Application to the Ports of St. Louis, Missouri, and Houston, Texas, show that the cost-effectiveness of each strategy varies by port and depends on characteristics of the local tugboat fleet. The results of this study can be applied by public agencies and private operators when considering investments in tugboat emission reduction measures.
Closed-form expressions for interconnection delay, coupling, and crosstalk in VLSIs

A closed-form formula for a waveform of the RC interconnection line with practical boundary conditions is derived. Expressions are also derived for the voltage slope and transition time of the RC interconnection and for coupling capacitance and crosstalk voltage height, which can be used in VLSI designs. Using the expressions, the optimum linewidth that minimizes RC delay and the trend of RC delay in the scaled-down VLSIs are discussed. >
Application of data envelopment analysis to benchmark building outputs

– To present practical examples of a new approach to facilities benchmarking that uses data envelopment analysis to compare multiple output per m2 ratios. , – Demonstrates the first known use in facilities management of a new analytical technique. , – A practical comparison of office buildings demonstrates that a combination of high user satisfaction and better than average accommodation efficiency can be obtained. Suggests a threshold density above which user satisfaction will decrease. , – The full potential for this new approach remains an active research project. , – The new approach has already been applied in practice. , – Original research using a technique that is new to facilities management and a challenge to prevailing conventions for facilities benchmarking metrics.