Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Experimental and CFD simulation study on anaerobic digestion using dextran pharmaceutical wastewater based on cyclic fluidization hydraulic mixing

Pharmaceutical wastewater is a kind of high‐hazardous waste. To realize non‐waste production, experiment and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation were performed to reveal the hydraulic mechanism of mixing modes. Three digesters, numbered 0# (no‐port), 1# (one‐port), and 4# (four‐port), were conducted by dextran pharmaceutical wastewater. Digester 0# is the control group without mixing. Mixing mode of bottom inlet and high‐position outlet is employed to 1# and 4#, the outlets of 1# and 4# are centralized outlet with only one port and distributed outlets with four ports, respectively. Experiment result shows the daily biogas production of 1# and 4# are 45% and 58% higher than 0#, and the pollutants removal rate increased 20% and 24%, respectively. CFD simulation shows the second phase (dextran wastewater) of 4# failing to form a complete hydraulic path like the first phase (water), which explain the mixing modes can greatly improve the biogas yield, but the four‐port mode has a weaker advantage than the one‐port.
Patient and Health System Related Factors Associated with Non-Adherence to Antihypertensive Medication among Patients at Chuka Referral Hospital, Kenya

Background: Non-adherence to hypertensive medication continues to become a contributing factor to hypertensive complications like stroke, heart attacks, kidney disease heart failure. Associated factors to non-adherence are complex, are both internal and external to the patient and are difficult to extrapolate. Reports from Chuka referral hospital records showed that in 2016 there were 140 patients with hypertensive complications from 560 patients who attended the medical clinic that year. Objective: This study sought to explore the patient’s related factors that are associated with non-adherence to hypertension medication. Methods: This is a descriptive study design of (N = 575) people among them doctors, pharmacists, nurses, record officers and hypertension patients. Simple random sampling for patients (n = 81) and census sampling for health care workers was done and data collected using questionnaires and interview schedules between April 4th-May 30th 2019. Inferential and descriptive statistics were used for data analysis, aided by SPSS version 25. Results: 64% of the patients stated that they had missed medication. A significant negative correlation (rpb = -0.23, p rpb = 0.24, p rpb = -0.13, p = 0.25) and patients’ level of education (rpb = -0.06, p = 0.57). The overall model of health system related factors were found to be significant (p p = 0.012). Conclusion: Lacks of funds, unavailability of drugs are the leading factors to regimen completion. This could be easily be addressed by the government.
Synthesis and Chemical Properties of New 3-Aryl Phosphacoumarin withPotential Biological Activity

A new member of 3-aryl phosphacoumarins family have been synthesized by the way of Knoevenagel condensation of 4-(diethylamino) salicylaldehyde and diethyl 4-nitrobenzylphosphonate with consequent cyclization. Chemical properties of obtained product were illustrated by reduction of nitro group. All synthesized compounds were fully characterized by NMR spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectrometry
Case study on application of graphical method for baseflow separation

Baseflow constitutes most of the streamflow during the dry season and it is an important factor for stream management. In this study, four techniques for separating baseflow from the streamflow were applied to two target areas to examine the applicability. The baseflow separation techniques used in the analysis are all graphical methods, which are fixed interval method (FIM), sliding interval method (SIM), local minimum method (LMM), and PART programs based on the N-day method. The target areas are the Daeri and Cheongsong stage stations in the Nakdong River Basin where the streamflow was measured continuously for 5 years. We evaluated the appropriateness of the results for baseflow separation methods by examining the indexes for model assessment (NSE, PBIAS, RSR), baseflow index, and shape of baseflow separated from a flood hydrograph. It was analyzed that the FIM, SIM, and LMM methods included some errors in separating the baseflow from streamflow, whereas the PART program results were found to be the best.
Desenvolvimento tecnológico de hidrogéis a partir de nanoemulsão contendo clotrimazol em associação com o óleo de melaleuca

O clotrimazol e um antifungico imidazolico de uso topico indicado para o tratamento de micoses superficiais, principalmente aquelas causadas por leveduras do genero Candida . O oleo essencial de Melaleuca alternifolia (oleo de melaleuca) apresenta conhecidas propriedades anti-inflamatoria, antiviral, antibacteriana e antifungica. No presente trabalho, nanoemulsoes contendo clotrimazol e o oleo de melaleuca foram preparadas, a fim de obter uma forma farmaceutica semissolida de base aquosa contendo o nanocarreador proposto. As nanoemulsoes foram preparadas pelo metodo de emulsificacao espontânea e apresentaram tamanho manometrico (150 a 380 nm), baixo indice de polidispersao (<0,13), potencial zeta negativo e teor de farmaco proximo ao teorico (1,02 ± 0,92 mg/mL), as quais se mantiveram estaveis apos 30 dias de armazenamento a temperatura ambiente. Na avaliacao da atividade antifungica frente a leveduras de C. albicans , o farmaco manteve sua atividade. Posteriormente, as nanoemulsoes foram incorporadas em geis de Carbopol ® Ultrez e estes foram avaliados, os quais apresentaram caracteristicas adequadas para aplicacao topica: pH levemente acido (6,2 a 6,5), comportamento de fluxo nao-newtoniano e plastico e teor de farmaco proximo a 100%, demonstrando a viabilidade tecnologica de sua preparacao. Alem disso, o hidrogel contendo o farmaco nanoestruturado apresentou um controle maior de liberacao do clotrimazol quando comparado ao hidrogel contendo o farmaco nao associado.
Irradiance Sudden Change Grid Connected Fuzzy Self Tuning PID Controller Maximum Power Point Tracking Technique for Photovoltaic Power System

This paper presented the Deep detail of ANFIS and Grid Connected. Photovoltaic power generation system required an effective controller to overcome sudden irradiance change and to maximize their efficiency in order to be more efficient & more precise. This paper proposed an approach of MPPT based on a voltage control approach of power converter with the use of the Adaptive Fuzzy logic controller (Adaptive FLC). The input voltage reference is adaptively perturbed with variable steps until the maximum power is reached. A state-space model is derived through averaging method, with the control input being the modulation depth of the proposed Inverter. The proposed control scheme achieved stable condition in the control region of the PV panel and eliminated the steady state oscillations when there is sudden change of irradiance in the maximum power operating point. Furthermore, the PV system became more efficient, as proven by sudden change in radiation conditions for 0.2 seconds, where energy can be saved approximately 95%. As the max error percentage (Kindly refer to Fig.29)
Metodología cualitativa como herramienta en la investigación de la calidad de vida

Resumen: La calidad de vida es un constructo complejo que se ha desarrollado a partir de los años sesenta, se ha definido a través de indicadores objetivos y medibles, así como de indicadores subjetivos, o bien, de la combinación de ambos, así como se han dado a conocer distintos modelos teóricos para explicarla, sin embargo, se plantea la situación de que generalmente la calidad de vida se valora a través de cuestionarios psicométricos desde un enfoque metodológico cuantitativo. La metodología cualitativa ha sido demeritada en el pasado como parte de la investigación científica, sin embargo, actualmente es considerada como una metodología válida, holística e inductiva, se trata de un proceso interactivo para comprender diversos fenómenos y significados a profundidad con la posibilidad de generar teoría. Este ensayo considera de manera breve, las circunstancias para valorar la calidad de vida a través de un enfoque metodológico cualitativo. El desarrollo abarca elementos generales de la calidad de vida, así como elementos generales de la metodología cualitativa con el objetivo de conocer y establecer una relación en la que se valore la efectividad para estudiar la calidad de vida a través de métodos cualitativos, considerando factores importantes como el contexto, el tiempo y las personas.
La sobre-expresión de PtCSP4 del álamo promueve un mayor potencial para la fitorremediación de PCB

La fitorremediación es un método biotecnológico ampliamente aceptado que reduce, absorbe y degrada los contaminantes tóxicos. Los bifenilos policlorados (PCB) son contaminantes orgánicos persistentes que causan efectos nocivos para el medio ambiente. Se reconoce que el álamo (Populus trichocarpa) tiene un crecimiento rápido, alta transpiración y se tiene una secuencia completa de su genoma; por lo que se considera un modelo perfecto en fitorremediación. Las plantas genéticamente modificadas pueden ser más eficientes en la remediación de sitios, cuyos suelo y agua están contaminados con bifenilos policlorados (PCB). Yb-1 es una proteína multifuncional involucrada en la regulación de la transcripción, traducción, empalme de ARNm y reparación de ADN. El factor de transcripción Yb1 se conoce en humanos y mamíferos, pero muy poco en plantas. Yb-1 en plantas es más conocido como CSP (proteínas de choque frío). En este trabajo, el gen PtCSP4 (Potri.004G172600) se aisló y amplificó a partir del álamo. El sistema de recombinación de puerta de enlace se usó para clonar PtCSP4 en un vector binario con un promotor constitutivo. PtCSP4 se introdujo en Arabidopsis thaliana y se probó su tolerancia en presencia de PCB (Aroclor 1221). Ocho líneas transgenicas de Arabidopsis cultivadas in vitro fueron expuestas a PCB. Todos los resultados sugieren que PtCSP4 es un buen candidato para la fitorremediación de PCB.
Measuring effectiveness of augmented reality‐based geometry learning assistant on memory retention abilities of the students in 3D geometry

Mathematics is one of the fundamental subjects for engineering students. While learning mathematics, students often find it difficult or lose interest due to the complexity of the subject. Augmented reality (AR) could aid students to learn certain concepts or theories that were difficult to understand in the classroom and also has the capability to enhance the instructional/learning material. In this study, an AR‐based learning setting named geometry learning assistant (GLA) was developed to teach geometry to students in a mathematics course. GLA provides an interactive and immersive experience to the students that helped them to learn about 3D vectors and direction ratios. The application includes vector addition, cross product, position vector, direction ratios, and dot product with real‐time examples for better learning. Experimental research was organized to investigate the impact of AR intervention on learner's memory retention abilities and learning. Eighty 1st‐year polytechnic students participated in the study and they were divided randomly into two groups: experimental group (N = 40) and control group (N = 40). Students of the experimental group were made to learn using AR‐based GLA, whereas the students from the control group were treated using interactive simulation (IS). The experimental results showed that the learners from the experimental group have better memory retention abilities after 2 and 4 weeks of the learning activity. AR‐based GLA provided a 3D immersive learning experience to the students that enhanced their visualization of the core concepts, which additionally improved their memory retention abilities.
Deep molecular response on imatinib treatment — results from a real-life retrospective study

Introduction: Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have dramatically changed the outcome of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients. Recent research focused on TKI discontinuation after achieving a deep molecular response (DMR) has revealed that about half of the patients maintain the response. DMR is a key criterion for TKI discontinuation. Our retrospective, ‘real-life’ study was aimed at to estimating the proportion of patients treated with first-line imatinib (IM) who achieved DMR and thus may be candidates for discontinuation of TKI treatment in a real life setting. Material and methods: Two hundred and twenty-three patients were enrolled. All patients started IM at 400 mg daily. The median age at the time of diagnosis was 57 years (range: 17–92). Results: Eighty-five patients (43%) in the whole group achieved DMR. Early molecular response (EMR) was achieved by 136 (69%) patients and correlated with the DMR rate (53% with EMR vs 14% without, p < 0.001). Major molecular response (MMR) after a year of treatment was confirmed in 108 (55%) patients, and was predictive for achieving DMR at any time (69% with MMR vs. 24% without, p < 0.001). Conclusion: DMR can be achieved in a significant proportion of patients in a real-life setting. We observed that both the achievement of an EMR at three months and MMR at 12 months were associated with a significant advantage in terms of DMR.
Novel black-bounce spacetimes: Wormholes, regularity, energy conditions, and causal structure

We develop a number of novel "black-bounce" spacetimes. These are specific regular black holes where the "area radius" always remains non-zero, thereby leading to a "throat" that is either timelike (corresponding to a traversable wormhole), spacelike (corresponding to a "bounce" into a future universe), or null (corresponding to a "one-way wormhole"). We shall first perform a general analysis of the regularity conditions for such a spacetime, and then consider a number of specific examples. The examples are constructed using a mass function similar to that of Fan--Wang, and fall into several particular cases, such as the original Simpson--Visser model, a Bardeen-type model, and other generalizations thereof. We shall analyse the regularity, the energy conditions, and the causal structure of these models. The main results are several new geometries, more complex than before, with two or more horizons, with the possibility of an extremal case. We shall derive a general theorem regarding static space-time regularity, and another general theorem regarding (non)-satisfaction of the classical energy conditions.
Effect of Silymarin on Plasma Membrane and Acrosome of Sperm Treated with Aluminum Chloride

Background: Aluminum, as an environmental pollutant, has destructive effects by inducing oxidative stress on male reproductive system and sperm. Silymarin, an effective substance extracted from Silybum marianum, is a potent antioxidant which inhibits oxidative stress. Because of toxic effects of aluminum and the antioxidant role of silymarin, this study was performed to investigate if silymarin can prevent the adverse effects of aluminum chloride on plasma membrane integrity and acrosome integrity in ram sperm. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, epididymal spermatozoa from Farahani's ram are divided into five groups: sperm at 0 hour, sperm at 180 minutes (control), sperm treated with aluminum chloride (0.5mM) for 180 minutes, sperm treated with silymarin (0.5μM) + aluminum chloride (0.5μM) for 180 minutes and sperm treated with silymarin (0.5μM) for 180 minutes. To evaluate sperm plasma membrane integrity and sperm acrosome integrity, propidium iodide-Hoechst and comassie brilliant blue staining were used, respectively. The results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and p<0.05 was considered as significant level. Results: The percentage of sperm plasma membrane integrity and acrosome integrity were significantly decreased in aluminum chloride group compared to the control. The simultaneous use of silymarin+aluminum chloride could significantly compensate the adverse effects of aluminum chloride on the sperm plasma membrane integrity and acrosome integrity compared to aluminum chloride. Conclusion: Aluminum chloride induces toxic effect on ram sperm plasma membrane integrity and acrosome integrity and silymarin is able to compensate the adverse effect this pollutant on these parameters.
Cell-Free DNA Detection of Tumor Mutations in Heterogeneous, Localized Prostate Cancer Via Targeted, Multiregion Sequencing

PURPOSE Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) may allow for minimally invasive identification of biologically relevant genomic alterations and genetically distinct tumor subclones. Although existing biomarkers may detect localized prostate cancer, additional strategies interrogating genomic heterogeneity are necessary for identifying and monitoring aggressive disease. In this study, we aimed to evaluate whether circulating tumor DNA can detect genomic alterations present in multiple regions of localized prostate tumor tissue. METHODS Low-pass whole-genome and targeted sequencing with a machine-learning guided 2.5-Mb targeted panel were used to identify single nucleotide variants, small insertions and deletions (indels), and copy-number alterations in cfDNA. The majority of this study focuses on the subset of 21 patients with localized disease, although 45 total individuals were evaluated, including 15 healthy controls and nine men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Plasma cfDNA was barcoded with duplex unique molecular identifiers. For localized cases, matched tumor tissue was collected from multiple regions (one to nine samples per patient) for comparison. RESULTS Somatic tumor variants present in heterogeneous tumor foci from patients with localized disease were detected in cfDNA, and cfDNA mutational burden was found to track with disease severity. Somatic tissue alterations were identified in cfDNA, including nonsynonymous variants in FOXA1, PTEN, MED12, and ATM. Detection of these overlapping variants was associated with seminal vesicle invasion (P = .019) and with the number of variants initially found in the matched tumor tissue samples (P = .0005). CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate the potential of targeted cfDNA sequencing to detect somatic tissue alterations in heterogeneous, localized prostate cancer, especially in a setting where matched tumor tissue may be unavailable (ie, active surveillance or treatment monitoring).
Time Speeds Up During Flow States: A Study in Virtual Reality with the Video Game Thumper

Flow is a mental state characterized by deep absorption during challenging activities, which was first studied by Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi. One of the defining characteristics of this state is the loss of the sense of time. Despite the widespread scientific interest in flow, there are few quantitative studies specifically on the aspect of time perception. The present study focuses on the relation between time perception and flow states in the context of video game play. Participants (n = 100) played the rhythm game Thumper for 25 minutes in one of two conditions: in virtual reality (VR) or on a computer screen (2D). Participants who played the game in VR performed better and had a stronger feeling of presence than those who played in 2D. Thumper was flow-inducing regardless of condition and the more flow participants experienced the less they thought about time and the faster time passed subjectively. The total score obtained by players as an objective measure of player performance was positively correlated with flow states, indicating that the more flow participants experienced, the better they played.
Coherent Satellite Monitoring of the Water Cycle Over the Amazon. Part 2: Total Water Storage Change and River Discharge Estimation

In companion paper 1, the SAtellite Water Cycle (SAWC) satellite data set integration approach was presented. SAWC accounts for (1) the closure of the water budget at the sub‐basin scale by (2) using upstream/downstream dependencies. Here, the SAWC database is used to reconstruct a missing water component. The total water storage change (dS) can be reconstructed prior to the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) period. In terms of seasonal and interannual variations, SAWC provides long‐term dS estimates that are highly consistent with the GRACE estimate (2002–2015). When compared to the extent of inundation, correlation of anomalies reaches 0.6 over sub‐basins presenting large floodplain. A strong relationship (correlation of 0.7) exists between the monthly dS and the El Niño index. The river discharge R can also be estimated using the SAWC approach during the GRACE period. A scheme was developed to estimate R continuously along the river through the indirect interpolation of discharge station measurements by using satellite estimates of dS, precipitation P, and evaporation E. These R estimates along the river were evaluated with 80 independent measurements and had a correlation of 0.86 and a Kling‐Gupta efficiency index of 0.71. A comprehensive monthly river discharge estimate was proposed for the first time across the Amazon basin over 13 years (2002–2015) at a 0.25° resolution. The SAWC framework is a pure observation tool for integrating a large range of satellite estimates, potentially facilitating the assimilation of such data into land surface models.
Pacific sea surface temperature anomalies as important boundary forcing in driving the interannual Warm Arctic-Cold Continent pattern over the North American sector

The leading interannual mode of winter surface air temperature over the North American (NA) sector, characterized by a “Warm Arctic, Cold Continents” (WACC) pattern, exerts pronounced influences on NA weather and climate, while its underlying mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, the relative roles of surface boundary forcing versus internal atmospheric processes for the formation of the WACC pattern are quantitatively investigated using a combined analysis of observations and large-ensemble atmospheric global climate model simulations. Internal atmospheric variability is found to play an important role in shaping the year-to-year WACC variability, contributing to about half of the total variance. An anomalous SST pattern resembling the North Pacific Mode is identified as a major surface boundary forcing pattern in driving the interannual WACC variability over the NA sector, with a minor contribution from sea ice variability over the Chukchi- Bering Seas. Findings from this study not only lead to improved understanding of underlying physics regulating the interannual WACC variability, but also provide important guidance for improved modeling and prediction of regional climate variability over NA and the Arctic region.