Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Genomic Characterization of Clinical Listeria monocytogenes Isolates in Beijing, China

Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne human pathogen that affects public health worldwide. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) can classify L. monocytogenes isolates and identify virulence islands and resistance genes potentially influencing infectivity. Herein, WGS was used to assess 151 L. monocytogenes isolates from 120 cases of clinical infection in Beijing, China, between 2014 and 2018. Most isolates were either serogroup 1/2a,3a or serogroup 1/2b,3b,7, with 25 multilocus sequence typing (MLST) types (STs) represented, of which ST8, ST87, and ST5 were the most common. Core-genome MLST (cgMLST) grouped the 151 isolates into 116 cgMLST types. The discriminatory power of cgMLST was greater than other subtypes, revealing that isolates from the same patient were highly related (only differing at one allele). Eighty-six isolates formed 30 complexes with ≤ 7 cgMLST alleles between neighboring isolates, suggesting possible outbreaks. Compared with isolates in the United States, ST8, ST121, ST619, ST87, and ST155 isolates were grouped into unified clades. All 151 isolates were positive for common virulence-associated loci, and 26 lineage I isolates harbored the pathogenicity island 3 (LIPI-3) locus, while 42 lineage I isolates harbored the complete LIPI-4 locus. Eleven ST619 isolates had both LIPI-3 and LIPI-4. Among the 151 isolates, 13 were resistant to at least one antibiotic, and no multidrug-resistant isolates were identified. Resistance phenotypes correlated with genotypes, apart from two meropenem resistance isolates. The findings provided insight into the nature of L. monocytogenes strains currently causing clinical disease in Beijing, and WGS analysis indicated possible outbreaks.
Differences in Dual Task Performance After Robotic Upper Extremity Rehabilitation in Hemiplegic Stroke Patients

Background: Cognitive–motor interference is a phenomenon in which the concomitant performance of cognitive and motor tasks results in poorer performance than the isolated performance of these tasks. We aimed to evaluate changes in dual-task performance after robotic upper extremity rehabilitation in patients with stroke-induced hemiplegia. Methods: This prospective study included patients with left upper limb weakness secondary to middle cerebral artery stroke who visited a rehabilitation hospital. Participants performed a total of 640 robot-assisted planar reaching movements during a therapist-supervised robotic intervention that was conducted five times a week for 4 weeks. Cognitive and motor performance was separately evaluated in single- and dual-task conditions. The digit span test and Controlled Oral Word Association Test (COWAT) were used to assess cognitive performance, whereas motor performance was evaluated through kinematic assessment of the motor task. Results: In single-task conditions, motor performance showed significant improvement after robotic rehabilitation, as did the scores of the COWAT subdomains of animal naming (p < 0.001), supermarket item naming (p < 0.06), and phonemes (p < 0.05). In dual-task conditions, all motor task performance variables except mean velocity showed improvement after robotic rehabilitation. The type of cognitive task did not affect the dual-task effect, and there were no significant differences in the dual-task effects of motor, cognitive, or the sum of motor and cognitive performance after robotic rehabilitation. Conclusion: Post-stroke robotic rehabilitation has different effects on motor and cognitive function, with more consistent effects on motor function than on cognitive function. Although motor and cognitive performance improved after robotic rehabilitation, there were no changes in the corresponding dual-task effects.
Ventricular Myocardial Deformation in Fetuses With Tetralogy of Fallot: A Necessary Field of Investigation

Background: Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is one of the most common cyanotic congenital heart defects (CHDs). The patterns of fetal myocardial deformations in TOF have not been well-studied. This study aimed to assess biventricular myocardial deformations in fetuses with TOF compared with normal fetuses. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of fetuses with TOF and gestational age (GA)-matched controls was conducted at a single tertiary referral center from 2014 to 2020. All enrolled fetuses underwent detailed echocardiography, and four-chamber video-clips were recorded and analyzed offline for deformation assessment by using two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE). Comparisons for baseline characteristics, cardiac morphological measurements (ventricular, atrial, and great arterial diameters or ratios, global sphericity index), systolic function parameters [ejection fraction (EF), fractional area change (FAC)], and strain parameters [global longitudinal strain (GLS), global longitudinal strain rate in systole and diastole (GLSRs, GLSRd)] were performed between fetuses with TOF and GA-matched controls. Results: Fifty-two fetuses with TOF and 52 GA-matched controls were enrolled in this study. Fetuses with TOF exhibited similar left ventricular (LV) EF (58.51 ± 5.11% vs. 57.59 ± 5.38%, P = 0.16) and right ventricular (RV) FAC (43.64 ± 2.89% vs. 44.27 ± 3.04%, P = 0.25), compared to normal fetuses. While, in deformational analysis, TOF fetuses demonstrated significantly lower LV and RV GLS values (−22.57 ± 2.91% vs. −27.39 ± 4.38%, P < 0.001 for LV GLS; −24.27 ± 3.18% vs. −28.71 ± 4.48%, P < 0.001 for RV GLS). Both LV GLS (r = −0.518, P < 0.001) and RV GLS (r = −0.534, P < 0.001) were found negatively correlated with the aortic valve-to-pulmonary valve diameter ratio (AV:PV ratio). Z-scores of PV annulus and main pulmonary artery (MPA) also had positive correlation with LV and RV GLS, respectively. Conclusions: Decreased biventricular myocardial deformations can appear even in fetuses with TOF with normal systolic ventricular function. Both LV and RV GLS values are correlated with the severity of right ventricular outflow tract obstruction. It indicates 2D-STE may be a more sensitive tool to assess fetal cardiac function than the conventional echocardiographic methods.
Conceptualising and managing supervisory drift

Abstract Clinical supervision is widely considered to be an essential component in the translation of evidence-based treatment protocols into routine clinical practice. Experts in the field have produced guidance on the structuring of CBT supervision, yet previous surveys on everyday practices have consistently found that supervisors and supervisees appear to drift from these recommendations. Surprisingly, little has been written on the origins and maintenance of supervisory drift and thus it remains a poorly understood phenomenon. To assist supervisors, supervisees and meta-supervisors in recognising and responding to signs of drift, this paper seeks to build on the understanding of therapist drift by conceptualising how supervisor and supervisee cognitions, emotions and behaviour could intentionally or unintentionally render the supervision process ineffective or at worst harmful. Drawing on therapist schema literature, hypothesised pre-disposing factors for drift are presented together with clinical examples and a range of steps for managing indicators of drift in practice. Further research is needed to gather empirical support for the mechanisms proposed. Key learning aims As a result of reading this paper, readers should: (1) Understand what supervisory drift is and the various forms it might take. (2) Recognise some of their own behaviours within supervision which might affect the quality and effectiveness of supervision. (3) Identify ways in which problematic elements of supervision could be addressed within supervision, or supervision of supervision (SoS), through the use of a bespoke formulation and action-based methods.
Risk Factors for Sudden Infant Death in North Carolina

Background: Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is the sudden, unexplained death of infants <1 year old. SIDS remains a leading cause of death in US infants. We aim to identify associations between SIDS and race/ethnicity, birth weight/gestational age, and socioeconomic/environmental factors in North Carolina (NC) to help identify infants at risk for SIDS. Methods and Results: In this IRB-approved study, infant mortality 2007–2016 and death certificate-linked natality 2007–2014 were obtained from the NC Department of Health and Human Services. General, NC natality statistics 2007–2016 were obtained from CDC Wonder. Association between SIDS/total infant death and covariates (below) were calculated. Total infant mortality decreased 2007–2016 by an average of 14 deaths/100,000 live births per year, while SIDS incidence remained constant. Risk ratios of SIDS/total infant deaths, standardized to Non-Hispanic White, were 1.76/2.41 for Non-Hispanic Black and 0.49/0.97 for Hispanic infants. Increased SIDS risk was significantly and independently associated with male infant sex, Non-Hispanic Black maternal race/ethnicity, young maternal age, low prenatal care, gestational age <39 weeks, birthweight <2500 g, low maternal education, and maternal tobacco use (p < 0.01). Maternal previous children now deceased also trended toward association with increased SIDS risk. Conclusions: A thorough SIDS risk assessment should include maternal, socioeconomic, and environmental risk factors as these are associated with SIDS in our population.
Revisit the Effectiveness of Educational Kinesiology on Stress and Anxiety Amelioration in Kindergarteners With Special Needs Using Biological Measures

Background: Educational kinesiology is a popular intervention that aims to improve brain functioning via physical movements. Yet, it lacks supporting scientific evidence and is regarded as pseudoscience. Given the popularity of educational kinesiology in school settings, it is important to revisit its effectiveness through scientific research. Previous studies that evaluated the effectiveness of educational kinesiology relied mainly on subjective measures, in which subjective bias is inevitable. Cortisol and oxytocin levels in saliva have been reported to be reliable stress and anxiety markers that provide unbiased objective data. This study explores the effect of educational kinesiology on the changes in salivary cortisol and oxytocin levels in kindergarteners with special needs. Methods: A quasi-experimental design was adopted in this study. Thirty-seven kindergarteners (3.5–6.5 years old) who were either diagnosed with one type of special needs or referred by school principals due to the requirement of special supports at school were assigned to either the intervention group, which received 1-h educational kinesiology intervention weekly for a total of 10 weeks, or the wait-list control group. Saliva samples were collected at baseline and after the completion of intervention programme for the measurement of cortisol and oxytocin levels. Scores of Parent-rated Preschool Anxiety Scale (PAS-TC) were also collected at pre- and post-intervention. Because of the small samples, non-parametric tests such as Mann-Whitney U test, Quade test, and Fisher's exact tests were used in this study where appropriate. Results: After controlled for the effect at baseline, gender and types of special needs, the changes in oxytocin levels were significantly higher in the intervention group compared with control [F(1, 35) = 4.747, p = 0.036, eta2 = 0.119], whereas no significant between-group difference in changes of cortisol levels was observed [F(1, 35) = 0.306, p = 0.584, eta2 = 0.009]. Results from PAS-TC showed significant improvement in anxiety levels after the intervention in the intervention group (p = 0.048, ϕ = 0.344, p = 0.037). Conclusions: Our findings suggest a plausible anti-anxiety effect of educational kinesiology in kindergarteners with special needs by elevating the oxytocin levels. Future studies are warranted to further confirm our findings with a larger sample.
Risk Estimation of Infectious and Inflammatory Disorders in Hospitalized Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke Using Clinical-Lab Nomogram

Background: Infections after acute ischemic stroke are common and likely to complicate the clinical course and negatively affect patient outcomes. Despite the development of various risk factors and predictive models for infectious and inflammatory disorders (IAID) after stroke, more objective and easily obtainable predictors remain necessary. This study involves the development and validation of an accessible, accurate nomogram for predicting in-hospital IAID in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Methods: A retrospective cohort of 2,257 patients with AIS confirmed by neurological examination and radiography was assessed. The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Health related Problem's definition was used for IAID. Data was obtained from two hospitals between January 2016 and March 2020. Results: The incidence of IAID was 19.8 and 20.8% in the derivation and validation cohorts, respectively. Using an absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm, four biochemical blood predictors and four clinical indicators were optimized from fifty-five features. Using a multivariable analysis, four predictors, namely age (adjusted odds ratio, 1.05; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.038–1.062; p < 0.001), comatose state (28.033[4.706–536.403], p = 0.002), diabetes (0.417[0.27–0.649], p < 0.001), and congestive heart failure (CHF) (5.488[2.451–12.912], p < 0.001) were found to be risk factors for IAID. Furthermore, neutrophil, monocyte, hemoglobin, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein were also found to be independently associated with IAID. Consequently, a reliable clinical-lab nomogram was constructed to predict IAID in our study (C-index value = 0.83). The results of the ROC analysis were consistent with the calibration curve analysis. The decision curve demonstrated that the clinical-lab model added more net benefit than either the lab-score or clinical models in differentiating IAID from AIS patients. Conclusions: The clinical-lab nomogram predicted IAID in patients with acute ischemic stroke. As a result, this nomogram can be used for identification of high-risk patients and to further guide clinical decisions.
Wide‐band low‐loss CPW‐based composite right/left‐handed transmission line

In this article, a coplanar waveguide (CPW)‐based composite right/left‐handed transmission line (CRLH TL) is introduced. The structure is realized by parallel‐plate series capacitors (C) and shunt CPW stub inductors (L). Using a symmetric configuration for the unit cells along with searching for optimum values of LC components, we reduce the insertion loss and achieve wider LH‐bandwidth. For the symmetric CRLH TL, a LH‐passband extending from 1.3 to 4 GHz and a RH‐passband extending from 4 to 6.5 GHz are measured. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 1388–1390, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24319
Seed Endophytic Bacteria of Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) Promote Seedling Development and Defend Against a Fungal Phytopathogen

Seed endophytic bacteria (SEB) are primary symbionts that play crucial roles in plant growth and development. The present study reports the isolation of seven culturable SEB including Kosakonia cowanii (KAS1), Bacillus subtilis (KAS2), Bacillus tequilensis (KAS3), Pantoea stewartii (KAS4), Paenibacillus dendritiformis (KAS5), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (KAS6), and Bacillus velezensis (KAS7) in pearl millet seeds. All the isolates were characterized for their plant growth promoting activities. Most of the SEB also inhibited the growth of tested fungal phytopathogens in dual plate culture. Removal of these SEB from seeds compromised the growth and development of seedlings, however, re-inoculation with the SEB (Kosakonia cowanii, Pantoea stewartii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) restored the growth and development of seedlings significantly. Fluorescence microscopy showed inter and intracellular colonization of SEB in root parenchyma and root hair cells. Lipopeptides were extracted from all three Bacillus spp. which showed strong antifungal activity against tested fungal pathogens. Antifungal lipopeptide genes were also screened in Bacillus spp. After lipopeptide treatment, live-dead staining with fluorescence microscopy along with bright-field and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed structural deformation and cell death in Fusarium mycelia and spores. Furthermore, the development of pores in the membrane and leakages of protoplasmic substances from cells and ultimately death of hyphae and spores were also confirmed. In microcosm assays, treatment of seeds with Bacillus subtilis or application of its lipopeptide alone significantly protected seedlings from Fusarium sp. infection.
The Relationship between Advertising on Video Website and User Experience: An Exploratory Research Based on System Dynamics

For video websites, advertising is an important method to earn operating funds. They always increase advertising to get more profit. Thus it may have a negative effect on user experience. In order to know how to reduce the negative effect, this paper offers a system dynamics method to analyze the relationship between advertising on video website and user experience. The model highlights six factors that affect user experience: level of advertising design, number of ads, level of website design, degree of advertising hidden, length of ads and degree of advertising mandatory. Real data are collected through financial reports and survey. Based on the simulation results, some opinions and suggestions for advertising are put up.
A Study of Calculation Method for Finger Joint Angular Displacement Based on the Finger Inverse Kinematics

A simple method for measuring and calculating the finger joint angular displacement was proposed to serve as the basis for designing dexterous hand and rehabilitation robot hand. The direct kinematics model and the inverse kinematics equation of the finger were established at the beginning of this paper. Then, the trajectory of the fingertip, from which the coordinates of the fingertip were extracted by using AutoCAD, was captured by camera. Finally, the trajectory coordinates of the fingertip were substituted into the inverse kinematics equations to solve the angular displacements of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP), distal interphalangeal (DIP) and metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints. The calculating precision testing of the finger joint angular displacement needs to substitute the angular displacements calculated before into the direct kinematics equations of the finger to calculate the trajectory of the fingertip. Then, the average Euclidean distance between the calculated trajectory and the real trajectory was computed to test the calculating precision of the finger joint angular displacement. The average Euclidean distance of each fingers is less than 0.05mm, which proves the high calculating precision of the finger joint angular displacement and the efficiency of the method presented in this paper.
Virtual prototyping for high density packaging systems

Very early in an electronic design cycle the physical buildup of a system, such as bonding method, substrate technology, and number of layers, needs to be chosen before any layout is performed. But when developing high density systems, a huge number of technology choices are available, each having impact on various aspects of the system performance. This paper describes virtual prototyping as a method for systematically analyzing and choosing the suitable buildups and selecting one of them in a cost-performance analysis for implementation and layout. Unlike former design advisors, our method analyzes several possibilities in parallel, allowing for a better design space exploration. The framework is implemented in the Java based tool JavaCAD, JavaCAD manages the different buildups and provides a size/layer count estimation for all first level interconnect/packages on various substrate technologies. It calculates the component footprints, analyzes the routing with as few data as available and allows cost estimation of all feasible buildups. The benefits of our approach are illustrated in the design of a 9:4 satellite switch operating at 2.4 GHz.
Multivariable optimal control of an autonomous underwater vehicle for steering and diving control in variable speed

This paper describes a multivariable optimal control for a Semi-Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (SAUV) developed in Korea Ocean Research and Development Institute (KORDI). The SAUV is a test-bed for evaluation of navigation algorithms and manipulator technologies for a mine disposal vehicle (MDV) in military use and for a light working underwater vehicle in scientific application. The vehicle was designed to control its cruising speed, heading and depth with 4 horizontal thrusters installed at the rear of the hull. The decoupled control methods are limited to be applied to the SAUV because the thrust forces are highly coupled with the surging, yawing, and pitching motion of the vehicle. The multivariable Linear Quadratic (LQ) control method is chosen to control steering and diving in variable speed motion automatically. This paper presents the results of tank-test with the controller and compares them with the simulation results to validate the performance.
Generation of Legal Norm Chains: Extracting the Most Relevant Norms from Court Rulings

Various online databases exist to make judgments accessible in the digital age. Before a legal practitioner can utilize state-of-the-art information retrieval features to retrieve relevant court rulings, the textual document must be processed. More importantly, many verdicts lack crucial semantic information which can be utilized within the search process. One piece of information that is frequently missed, as the judge is not adding it during the publication process within the court, is the so-called norm chain. This list contains the most relevant norms for the underlying decision. Therefore this paper investigates the feasibility of automatically extracting the most relevant norms of a court ruling. A dataset constituting over 42k labeled court rulings was used in order to train different classifiers. While our models provide F1 performances of up to 0.77, they can undoubtedly be utilized within the editorial publication process to provide helpful suggestions.
Does Economic Policy Intervention Inhibit the Efficiency of China’s Green Energy Economy?

Due to the different focus of policies in different regions, China’s energy efficiency has been unstable in recent years. The changing focus of policies at the same time has also impacted the energy system, and therefore, it is very important to explore the impact of China’s new energy policy on its oil and gas energy efficiency. The practical significance of this research is to integrate three policy intervention factors: incentive economic policy intervention, government financial intervention, and mandatory policy intervention. Through the regression of the Stochastic Frontier Approach model, the influence of these policy intervention factors on the efficiency evaluation of decision-making units is eliminated. We calculate the environmental pollution index as an undesired output to measure the efficiency of policy intervention in the green economy of China’s oil and gas energy, use Luenberger model to explore total factor productivity, and find the main reasons that affect the productivity of the green energy economy. The results show that China’s oil and gas energy construction is currently in the stage of scale economy, but the heavy dependence of China’s energy consumption on foreign imports leads to difficulties and urgency in the present stage of technological progress. After excluding the factors of policy intervention, China’s overall energy is in a slightly insufficient policy environment, and energy efficiency is in an unbalanced state.