Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Real-Time ISR-YOLOv4 Based Small Object Detection for Safe Shop Floor in Smart Factories

Wearing a hard hat can effectively improve the safety of workers on a construction site. However, workers often take off their helmets because they have a weak sense of safety and are uncomfortable, and this action poses a large danger. Workers not wearing hard hats are more likely to be injured in accidents such as human falls and vertical falls. Therefore, the detection of wearing a helmet is an important step in the safety management of a construction site, and it is urgent to detect helmets quickly and accurately. However, the existing manual monitor is labor intensive, and it is difficult to popularize the method of mounting the sensor on the helmet. Thus, in this paper, we propose an AI method to detect the wearing of a helmet with satisfactory accuracy with a high detection rate. Our method selects based on YOLO v4 and adds an image super resolution (ISR) module at the end of the input. Afterward, the image resolution is increased, and the noise in the image is removed. Then, dense blocks are used to replace residual blocks in the backbone network using the CSPDarknet53 framework to reduce unnecessary computation and reduce the number of network structure parameters. The neck then uses a combination of SPPnet and PANnet to take full advantage of the small target’s capabilities in the image. We add foreground and background balance loss functions to the YOLOv4 loss function part to solve the image background and foreground imbalance problem. Experiments performed using self-constructed datasets show that the proposed method has more efficacy than the currently available small target detection methods. Finally, our model achieves an average precision of 93.3%, a 7.8% increase over the original algorithm, and it takes only 3.0 ms to detect an image at 416 × 416.
Cores in warm dark matter haloes: a Catch 22 problem

The free streaming of warm dark matter particles dampens the fluctuation spectrum, flattens the mass function of haloes and imprints a fine grained phase density limit for dark matter structures. The phase space density limit is expected to imprint a constant density core at the halo center on the contrary to what happens for cold dark matter. We explore these effects using high resolution simulations of structure formation in different warm dark matter scenarios. We find that the size of the core we obtain in simulated haloes is in good agreement with theoretical expectations based on Liouville’s theorem. However, our simulations show that in order to create a significant core, (rc � 1 kpc), in a dwarf galaxy (M � 10 10 M⊙), a thermal candidate with a mass as low as 0.1 keV is required. This would fully prevent the formation of the dwarf galaxy in the first place. For candidates satisfying large scale structure constrains (m� larger than � 1 2 keV) the expected size of the core is of the order of 40 (80) pc for a dark matter halo with a mass of 10 10 (10 8 ) M⊙. We conclude that “standard” warm dark matter is not viable solution for explaining the presence of cored density profiles in low mass galaxies.
Antimicrobial Efficacy of Silver Diamine Fluoride against Enterococcus faecalis: A Systematic Review of In Vitro Studies

Introduction/Objectives. Enterococcus faecalis has been implicated in infections of treated root canals. Current irrigants and intracanal medicaments cannot eliminate E. faecalis completely from the root canal. Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) prevents caries by promoting remineralization and exerting an antibacterial effect. Studies suggest that SDF may possess antibacterial properties against E. faecalis. The purpose of this review is to systematically and critically analyze the literature, focusing on the use of SDF as an intracanal medicament or irrigant, when compared to other antibacterial agents. Data/Sources. The focused question was “Is the antibacterial effect of SDF against E. faecalis better than other intracanal medicaments and irrigants? ” Using the keywords ((silver diamine fluoride) AND (Enterococcus faecalis)) AND ((sodium hypochlorite) OR (NaOCl) OR (chlorhexidine) OR (calcium hydroxide) OR (Ca(OH)2)), an electronic search was conducted on the following databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, ISI Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, and Google Scholar. The clinical trial registers ClinicalTrials.gov and CONTROL were also searched using the same keywords. General characteristics and outcomes were extracted, and quality of the studies was assessed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Laboratory studies in Endodontology (PRILE) guidelines. Study Selection. Six articles (five in vitro studies and one ex vivo study) were included in this systematic review. In the majority of the studies, SDF had equal or better antibacterial efficacy against E. faecalis compared to calcium hydroxide, sodium hypochlorite, and chlorhexidine. However, the majority of the studies did not fulfill several items in the PRILE criteria and had numerous sources of bias. Conclusions. Within the limitations of the systematic review and the studies reviewed, SDF may be effective against E. faecalis and therefore could be used as an intracanal medicament and/or irrigant to prevent reinfections of the root canals and improve the outcomes of endodontic treatment. However, animal and clinical studies should be carried out to determine the efficacy of SDF in endodontics. Trial Registration. The protocol for this review was registered on PROSPERO. Registration number: CRD42021224741.
Promoter Cis-Element Analyses Reveal the Function of αVPE in Drought Stress Response of Arabidopsis

Simple Summary Vacuolar processing enzyme (VPE) is a cysteine protease responsible for vacuolar proteins’ maturation and regulation of programmed cell death in plants. Among four isoforms of Arabidopsis thaliana VPEs, only the functions of βVPE, γVPE, and δVPE were determined. Hence, to investigate the possible function of αVPE, promoter analysis, co-expression network, gene expression profiling, and loss of function studies were performed. Repetitive drought-related cis-elements such as ABRE, MBS, MYC, and MYB were successfully identified with the aid of PlantCARE and PLACE databases. Similarly, the co-expression network also revealed that genes interacting with αVPE were involved in drought-regulation-related function. In addition, A. thaliana under drought treatment recorded an upregulation of αVPE expression (2.7-fold). Loss of function study through αvpe knockout mutants showed that αvpe mutants remained viable with 22% higher water retention as compared with wild-type after drought treatment. Biochemical analyses recorded a 47% reduction in proline activity, 70% decrease in sucrose content, and 39% lower MDA content, but 50% increased photosynthetic pigments in αvpe mutants. Altogether, our study provided important proof and a foundation for understanding the involvement of αVPE in modulating drought tolerance in A. thaliana. Abstract Vacuolar processing enzyme (VPE) is a cysteine protease responsible for vacuolar proteins’ maturation and regulation of programmed cell death (PCD). Four isoforms of Arabidopsis thaliana VPEs were identified previously, but only the functions of βVPE, γVPE, and δVPE were determined. The specific function of a gene is linked to the cis-acting elements in the promoter region. A promoter analysis found repetitive drought-related cis-elements in αVPE, which highlight its potential involvement in drought regulation in A. thaliana. The further co-expression network portraying genes interacting with αVPE substantiated its drought-regulation-related function. Expression of αVPE was upregulated after drought treatment in A. thaliana. To confirm the role of αVPE, a loss of function study revealed that αVPE knockout mutants remained green compared with WT after drought treatment. The mutants had reduced proline activity, decreased sucrose content, and lower MDA content, but increased photosynthetic pigments, indicating that αVPE negatively regulates drought tolerance in A. thaliana. Taken together, our findings serve as important evidence of the involvement of αVPE in modulating drought tolerance in A. thaliana.
Semantic Visualization in Functional Recovery Prediction of Intravenous Thrombolysis following Acute Ischemic Stroke in Patients by Using Biostatistics: An Exploratory Study

(1) Background: Intravenous thrombolysis following acute ischemic stroke (AIS) can reduce disability and increase the survival rate. We designed a functional recovery analysis by using semantic visualization to predict the recovery probability in AIS patients receiving intravenous thrombolysis; (2) Methods: We enrolled 131 AIS patients undergoing intravenous thrombolysis from 2011 to 2015 at the Medical Center in northern Taiwan. An additional 54 AIS patients were enrolled from another community hospital. A modified Rankin Score ≤2 after 3 months of follow-up was defined as favorable recovery. We used multivariable logistic regression with forward selection to construct a nomogram; (3) Results: The model included age and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score as immediate pretreatment parameters. A 5.23% increase in the functional recovery probability occurred for every 1-year reduction in age, and a 13.57% increase in the functional recovery probability occurred for every NIHSS score reduction. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the model in the validation dataset were 71.79%, 86.67%, and 75.93%, respectively, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.867; (4) Conclusions: Semantic visualization-based functional recovery prediction models may help physicians assess the recovery probability before patients undergo emergency intravenous thrombolysis.
Boundary Approximations for Implicit Schemes for One-Dimensional Inviscid Equations of Gasdynamics

The applicability to practical calculations of recent theoretical developments in the stability analysis of difference approximations is examined for initial boundary-value problems of the hyperbolic type. For the numerical experiments the one-dimensional inviscid gasdynamic equations in conservation law form are selected. A class of implicit schemes based on linear multistep methods for ordinary differential equations is chosen and the use of space or space-time extrapolations as implicit or explicit boundary schemes is emphasized. Some numerical examples with various inflow-outflow conditions highlight the commonly discussed issues: explicit vs implicit boundary schemes, and unconditionally stable schemes. HEN finite-difference schemes are used to solve initial boundary-value problems for the equations of fluid dynamics, it is well known that most methods require more boundary conditions than those required by the governing partial differential equations. These additional boundary conditions for the finite-difference equations are often called "numerical boundary conditions. " The numerical boundary conditions cannot be imposed arbitrarily but are determined, in general, using interior information, for example, by extrapolation or uncentered approximations. In this paper, any numerical procedure used to provide a numerical boundary condition will be called a "boundary scheme/' Whatever schemes are used for the numerical boundary conditions, it is a common practice to assume that the boundary scheme has a local effect and will not affect the solution globally. During the early 1970s, Kreiss,1'2 Osher,3 Gustafsson et al.,4 Varah,5 and Gustafsson6 published a series of papers establishing methods for checking the stability and accuracy of difference approximations with boundary schemes included. Since then, further progress has been made in the theory of linear difference approximations for initial boundary-value problems of the hyperbolic and parabolic type.7'12 Because improper treatment of the boundary conditions can lead to instability and inaccuracy, even though we start with a stable interior scheme (i.e., scheme for the interior points), it is appropriate to adopt an approach that includes the stability and accuracy of the combined interior and boundary schemes. Surveys of recent developments and extensive bibliographies are included in papers by Coughran13 and Yee.14 The purpose of this paper is to examine the applicability to practical calculations (for nonlinear gasdynamic problems) of recent theoretical stability analyses of implicit difference approximations for initial boundary-value problems of the hyperbolic type. As numerical computations have progressed, the use of the conservative form of the gasdynamic equations has gained popularity. For physical reasons it is sometimes desirable to specify boundary conditions in the nonconservative variables and to compute with conservative variables in the interior. We will consider the additional complications introduced by this procedure.
Modal Abundances of Rocks Using Infrared Emission Spectroscopy

Introduction. Interest in understanding and interpreting emission spectra produced by geologic materials has greatly increased during the last few years due to data return from several spectrometers mapping the Earth and the expected data from Thermal Emission Spectrometer (TES). Theories of vibrational spectroscopy describe how the interaction of electromagnetic energy with molecules produces characteristic peaks in infrared spectra and explain why each mineral can be identified by a unique infrared spectrum [1, 2, and others]. Studies have also determined that infrared spectra of granular mineral mixtures are equivalent to the weighted linear combination of the individual mineral spectra [3, 4]. Since rocks are essentially "mineral mixtures," the objective of this research is to deconvolve the measured infrared emission spectra and calculate the modal abundances of a suite of igneous rocks to determine the accuracy obtainable by this technique. Error is determined by comparing the modes determined spectroscopically with those determined petrographically.
Deformation Microstructures and Mechanisms in Minerals and Rocks

Acknowledgements. Symbols, Abbreviations and Units. 1. Introduction and Terminology. 2. Cataclasis. 3. Diffusive Mass Transfer by Solution. 4. Intracrystalline Plasticity. 5. Diffusive Mass Transfer and Phase Transformations in the Solid State. 6. Magmatic and Sub-magmatic Deformation. 7. Microstructural Shear Sense Criteria. 8. Shock-induced Microstructures and Shock Metamorphism. 9. From Microstructures to Mountains: Deformation Microstructures, Mechanisms and Tectonics. References. Index. Color Plate Section.
Placenta derived decidua stromal cells - a new frontier in the therapy of acute graft-versus-host disease.

Acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a frequent and potentially life-threatening complication following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), rare precursors found in all body tissues, possess immunosuppressive properties and can inhibit alloreactivity both in vitro and in vivo. Two decades ago, we introduced bone marrow-derived (BM) MSCs as a novel therapy for acute GVHD. While some patients responded to BM-MSCs, the response was not universal. Commercially available BM-MSCs are now used for acute GVHD treatment in Canada, Japan, and New Zealand. The fetus is protected from the mother's immune system by the placenta, and our research found that placenta-derived decidua stromal cells (DSCs) offer a stronger immunosuppressive effect than other sources of stromal cells. Safety studies in rabbits, rats, mice, and humans have shown negligible or no side effects from BM-MSCs or DSCs. In a phase I/II trial for severe acute GVHD, we treated 21 patients (median age, 49 years; range 1.6-72 years) with severe biopsy-proven gastrointestinal acute GVHD. The median cell dose of DSCs was 1.2 x106 (range 0.9-2.9) cells/kg body weight, with a median of 2 (range 1-6) infusions given one week apart. DSCs cell viability was 93% (range, 69-100%), and the median cell passage number was 4 (range, 2-4). All patients responded, with a complete response of acute GVHD in 11 patients and partial response in 10 and one-year survival of 81%. Randomized trials are needed to prove the superiority of DSCs compared to Ruxolitinib and/or other novel immunosuppressive therapies.
Detennining what skills employers of new IS graduates desire is important in guiding IS educators in designing curriculum and in advising

Detennining what skills employers of new IS graduates desire is important in guiding IS educators in designing curriculum and in advising students. This study reports the results of a pilot study which attempts to gain insight into the previously mentioned question. The findings indicate that basic technical skills, such as systems analysis and design, and database concepts, and non-technical skills, such as teamwork and communications skills, are more important than specific technical skills. INTRODUCTION There is much debate over how universities and colleges should prepare their graduates for successful entry into the job market. Information Systems (IS) departments are faced with the same issues that drive the aforementioned debate: how to educate their students so they can get good jobs, and also be successful in their careers. In addition, IS departments are faced with problems related to the dynamic nature of information technology (IT). Issues such as the emergence (and possible decline) of client/server and the associated decline in mainframes, how to harness the power of the Internet, and the rise in enduser computing all raise questions regarding how IS educators should prepare their students for the "new" world. Which language(s) should be emphasized-C, COBOL, Visual Basic? Should Data Communications be a required course? These and other questions require a knowledge of the nature of the IS profession, including how to successfully enter that profession. While several studies in the recent IS literature have examined what skills help IS professionals advance in their careers (Cheney; et al., 1990; Leitheiser, 1993; Lee, et al, 1995), few have studied the skills that employers look for when hiring recent graduates. This is the purpose of the study reponed here-to try to detennine just what skills employers find imponant when making hiring decisions regarding recent 15 graduates. This paper repons the results from the first phase of an investigation into the imponance placed on various skills. The paper is organized as follows. We begin by setting the scope of the project and discussing why it is imponant. This is followed bya discussion of previous research that relates to this project. Next, the methodology used in this study is described. Then we present the study's results--including how they compare with the recent 15'95 curriculum guidelines (Cougar, 1995). Finally, we discuss the study's implications and draw some conclusions. SCOPE AND IMPORTANCE OF THE STUDY The study reported here is preliminary in nature--it is the first phase of a two phase project. This phase has two goals. First, we hope to gain preliminary insight into the following research question: What skills do employers of recent IS program graduates find important when evaluating job candidates for entry-level positions? Also, as an extended pilot study, we want to refine our data
Looking at Comparisons of Regression and Analogy-based Software Project Cost Prediction

OBJECTIVE – This paper builds on our previous research in which we found inconsistency within and between results in empirical studies of software engineering cost estimation which had compared regression and analogy techniques. To this end, this paper aims to determine why and how these inconsistencies occur. In addition, we attempt to provide a solution which might reduce inconsistencies in future. METHOD – We retrieved a sample of 11 journal papers and 9 conference papers which compared both regression and analogy-based prediction methods. Analysis of these papers uncovered inconsistencies within and between results. From this starting point we concluded that researchers should look beyond asking “What is the best prediction system? ” Thus we now consider the reasons for these seemingly conflicting results. RESULTS – We found little consistency between studies both methodologically and in terms of outcome. CONCLUSIONS – We propose that researchers adopt more rigorous and uniform protocols when empirically investigating project cost prediction methods and interpreting the results.
Repair, Protection and Waterproofing of Concrete Structures

General observations. Introduction. The responsibilities of the engineer or other professional. Basic procedure for investigations-litigation not involved. Procedure when litigation is contemplated. The engineer as an expert witness. The preparation of specifications. The contract documents. Invitations to tender. Insurance - backed guarantees and waranties. National and European standards and codes of practice. Health and safety regulations and product specification. Definitions. Basic characteristics of concrtete and its constituent and associated materials. Introduction. Constituent materials. Portland cements. High alumina cements (HAC). Corrosion resistant cements. Aggregates from natural sources for concrete and mortar. Admixtures. Additions. Water for mixing concrete and mortar associated cements. Steel reinforcement. Non-ferrous metals in concrete. Joint fillers and sealants. Joint fillers. Sealants. Reactive resins. Curing compounds for concrete and mortar. Factors affecting the durability of reinforced concrete. Introduction. Corrosion of steel reinforcement in concrete. Deterioration of the concrete. Physical damage. Chemical attack on concrete. Alkali-silica reaction. Investigation and diagnosis of defects in reinforced concrete. Introduction. General outline of the procedure. The preliminary inspection. Detailed inspection, sampling and testing. Tests for the detection and diagnosis of reinforcement corrosion. Cracking in reinforced concrete structures. Diagnosis of non-structural defects. Non-structural repairs to reinforced concrete. Definition. Preparations for remedial work. The execution of the repairs. Structural repairs to reinforced concrete. General building structures. Introduction. Investigations for structural defects. Repair methods. Crack injection. Repairs using epoxy-bonded steel plates. The use of fibre reinforced plastics. Cathodic protection of reinforcement. Re-alkalisation and chloride removal/extraction. Monitoring corrosion of rebars after repair. Repairs to fire damaged concrete buildings. Introduction. Preliminary assessment. Effect of fire on concrete and steel reinforcement. On-site testing. Execution of repairs. Repairs to concrete highway bridges. Introduction. Investigations. Sampling and testing. Cracks and cracking. Alkali-silica reaction. Repairs. Repair to concrete silos and bunkers. Introduction. Investigations. Examples of repair. Coatings (barrier systems) for reinforced concrete. Introduction. Coating materials in general use. Reasons for using coatings as part of concrete repairs. Basic requirements for the application of all coatings. Coatings for use after general repairs to concrete. Coating over cracks. Coatings to resist the ingress of chloride ions. Coatings/barrier systems to protect concrete against chemical attack. Coatings to inhibit the formation of efflorescence. Repairs to concrete floors and roofs. Introductio