Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MRI-BASED BRAIN TUMOR IMAGE SEGMENTATION USING DEEP LEARNING METHODS

: Brain tumor breaking down into parts try to separate the different tumor tissues such as active prison rooms, necrotic middle part, heart, and edema from normal brain tissues of White material or substance (WM), gray material or substance (GM), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). MRI based brain tumor breaking down into parts studies are pulling to self more and more attention in near in time years because of, in relation to non-invasive imaging and good soft tissue in comparison of Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images. With the development of almost tens of years, the tending to new views sending in name for computer-aided techniques for segmenting brain tumor are becoming more and more get older and coming closer to regularly order clinical applications. Early diagnosis of brain tumors plays an important part in getting well treatment possible states and increases the selection of the strongest rate of the persons getting care. Manual breaking down into parts of the brain tumors for cancer diagnosis , from greatly sized amount of MRI images produced in clinical regularly order, is a hard and time getting used up work. There is a need for automatic brain tumor image breaking down into parts. This paper try to give an over-view of current deep learning-based breaking down into parts views for (able to be) measured brain MRI. First we paper the current deep learning buildings and structure design used for breaking down into parts of as in bodily structure relations brain structures and brain wound. next, the performance, speed, and properties of deep learning moves near are made a short account of and had a discussion about. at last, we give a critical Assessment of the current state and make out likely future developments and trends.
HOW INTEGRATED SUPPLY CHAIN INCREASES THE SALES OF WAL-MART

Supply chain management (SCM) is a coordinated system of managing the transportation and logistics activities in a manufacturing, wholesale or retail industry. The primary purpose of SCM is to optimize efficiency in supply chain distribution activities and cost optimization. Historically, each supply chain member took a concentrated view of its role in moving goods to the next stage. With an integrated supply chain model, all chain members collaborate with the end goal of delivering the best value to consumers.
How the Earth system resists cooling and/or lowering atmospheric CO2 concentrations during the glacial periods

Over the past 800 thousand years, the Earth system has gone through a series of glacial-interglacial cycles. The glacial paleo-climatological records show a consistent lower limit for both the atmospheric CO2 levels and the temperature. This motivates a hypothesis that a potential negative feedback effect is in place which keeps the Earth system above these limits. In this work, five of the negative feedback hypotheses are presented, described in detail and tested using output from fully coupled Community Earth System Model. The modeled glacial conditions match the observed Last Glacial Maximum CO2 levels and temperatures. The output analysis reveals that the lower CO2 limit does not exist in the model, but the temperature limit does. Nutrient trapping, found in previous model studies, is also present in the output. The productivity in the global ocean is limited due to high phytoplankton activity in the Southern Ocean, which could be a potential overlooked negative feedback effect. acknowledgements I would like to thank my supervisor, prof. Markus Jochum, for his guidance in this project. I also owe thanks to Roman Nuterman, who has provided help with any technical difficulties I have encountered. The output analyzed in this thesis has been simulated by TeamOcean, the oceanography group at the Niels Bohr Institute, and without it, the project could not exist. Finally, I thank my parents and my partner, Jonas Søndermølle, for continuous moral support throughout the writing process.
Design and synthesis of gold nanostars-based SERS nanotags for bioimaging applications

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) nanotags hold a unique place among bioimaging contrast agents due to their fingerprint-like spectra, which provide one of the highest degrees of detection specificity. However, in order to achieve a sufficiently high signal intensity, targeting capabilities, and biocompatibility, all components of nanotags must be rationally designed and tailored to a specific application. Design parameters include fine-tuning the properties of the plasmonic core as well as optimizing the choice of Raman reporter molecule, surface coating, and targeting moieties for the intended application. This review introduces readers to the principles of SERS nanotag design and discusses both established and emerging protocols of their synthesis, with a specific focus on the construction of SERS nanotags in the context of bioimaging and theranostics.
Ice nucleation activities of soot particles internally mixed with sulphuric acid at cirrus cloud conditions

Abstract. Soot particles are important candidates for ice nucleating particles (INPs) in cirrus cloud formation which is known to exert a warming effect on climate. Bare soot particles, generally hydrophobic and fractal, mainly exist near emission sources. Coated or internally mixed soot particles are more abundant in the atmosphere and have a higher probability to impact cloud formation and climate. However, the ice nucleation ability of coated soot particles is not as well understood as that of freshly produced soot particles. In this study, two samples, a propane (C3H8) flame soot and a commercial carbon black were coated with varying wt % of sulphuric acid (H2SO4). The ratio of coating material mass to the mass of bare soot particle was controlled and progressively increased from less than 5 wt % to over 100 wt %. Both bare and coated soot particle ice nucleation activities were investigated with a continuous flow diffusion chamber operated at mixed-phase and cirrus cloud conditions. The mobility size and mass distribution of size selected soot particles with/without H2SO4 coating were measured by a scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) and a centrifugal particle mass analyser (CPMA) running in parallel. The mixing state and morphology of soot particles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In addition, the evidence for the presence of H2SO4 on coated soot particle surface is shown by Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Our study demonstrates that H2SO4 coatings suppress the ice nucleation activity of soot particles to varying degrees depending on the coating thickness, but in a non-linear fashion. Thin coatings causing pore filling in the soot-aggregate inhibits pore condensation and freezing (PCF). Thick coatings promote particle ice activation via droplet homogeneous freezing. Overall, our findings reveal that H2SO4 coatings will suppress soot particle ice nucleation abilities in the cirrus cloud regime, having implications for the fate of soot particles with respect to cloud formation in the upper troposphere.
Ingestible probiotic capable of supplemental production of lactose-cleaving enzyme to combat symptoms of lactose intolerance

Lactose Intolerance (LI) afflicts 70% of the global population. LI is caused by a deficiency in the natural production of lactase, the enzyme produced by intestinal epithelial cells that breaks lactose into its digestible components glucose and galactose. With no remedy, it is common for the afflicted to avoid dairy products, which may lead to lowered dietary calcium intake and loss of bone density. A synthetic biology approach to supplement the loss or lack of natural lactase production is described wherein an ingestible probiotic releases the enzyme β-galactosidase in the presence of dairy-related saccharides, specifically lactose. The release of β-galactosidase is facilitated by the expression of the ydfD gene, which codes for a novel lytic protein. An edited lac promoter (lacUV5) expresses this gene such that autolysis only occurs in the presence of lactose. β-galactosidase is produced in the period leading up to the stationary phase of the chassis by the lacZ gene, and is regulated by the osmY promoter. Additionally, the dicB gene, known to abolish ydfD induced lysis, is regulated by the osmY promoter, disallowing premature autolysis. These two devices ensure that the NGF-1 E. coli chassis produces supplemental lactose-cleaving enzyme and releases said enzyme in accordance with environmental cues to effectively combat the symptoms of LI.
Flavivirus Persistence in Wildlife Populations

A substantial number of humans are at risk for infection by vector-borne flaviviruses, resulting in considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide. These viruses also infect wildlife at a considerable rate, persistently cycling between ticks/mosquitoes and small mammals and reptiles and non-human primates and humans. Substantially increasing evidence of viral persistence in wildlife continues to be reported. In addition to in humans, viral persistence has been shown to establish in mammalian, reptile, arachnid, and mosquito systems, as well as insect cell lines. Although a considerable amount of research has centered on the potential roles of defective virus particles, autophagy and/or apoptosis-induced evasion of the immune response, and the precise mechanism of these features in flavivirus persistence have yet to be elucidated. In this review, we present findings that aid in understanding how vector-borne flavivirus persistence is established in wildlife. Research studies to be discussed include determining the critical roles universal flavivirus non-structural proteins played in flaviviral persistence, the advancement of animal models of viral persistence, and studying host factors that allow vector-borne flavivirus replication without destructive effects on infected cells. These findings underscore the viral–host relationships in wildlife animals and could be used to elucidate the underlying mechanisms responsible for the establishment of viral persistence in these animals.
A Review On Temporal Information based Topic Modeling Techniques

: In variety of domains large numbers of documents are generated every day. Mining text document and extracting useful information is challenging task. A group of words in a document describes the topic discussed in the document. Lot of work has been done for mining topic from a document set. A document containing time information helps to perform analysis of time series documents like collection of news articles, series of scientific papers, posts or tweets on social media sites, etc. By analyzing time specific document the topic discussed in particular temporal period can be extracted. Topics are evolved over time and are correlated. This paper includes the study of various topic modeling techniques and temporal topic analysis techniques. Based on the study of existing system, a new system is proposed for temporal topic modeling and forecasting the trends.
IMPLEMENTATION OF VARIOUS LOW POWER TECHNIQUES IN A CMOS SRAM CELL

: This work explores the new low power approaches for VLSI logic. While designing a VLSI system power dissipation is one of the major concerns. Up to a certain time dynamic power was the single largest concern; however as the technology feature size shrinks static power has become an important issue as dynamic power. A well-known previous technique called the sleep transistor technique cuts off V dd and/or Gnd connections of transistors to save leakage power consumption. However, when transistors are allowed to float, a system may have to wait a long time to reliably restore lost state and thus may experience seriously degraded performance. Therefore, retaining state is crucial for a system that requires fast response even while in an inactive state. The two common approaches are sleepy stack and sleepy keeper. Both methods are excellent in this regard. The static and dynamic power of sleepy stack is considerably low. But it has a delay penalty and its area requirement is maximum compared with other processes. Again the sleepy keeper process possesses excellent speed criteria but it requires more static and dynamic power than sleepy stack. Our goal is to trade off between these limitations and thus propose new methods which reduce both leakage and dynamic power with minimum possible area and delay trade off.
A SURVEY ON SMART CITY APPLICATION: AN IOT BASED CAR PARKING SYSTEM

: The paper proposes a survey conducted on the various Methodologies used for implementing a smart car parking system. Facilitating mobility which is sustainable is one of the most important goals of the smart city aspect where the development of a parking system which is intelligent represents a key aspect. Parking space monitoring and allocation is the solution to the parking problem faced in cities. Through this survey we have analyzed few fine features and scant flaws in the existing systems. These failing factors affecting the overall performance of the system can be overcome by further research and development.
A structure for secure information conveyance, Stockpiling and pulverization in Cloud

: Clients store immense measures of delicate information on a cloud. Sharing delicate information will enable undertakings to decrease the cost of giving clients customized benefits and offer some incentive included information administrations. Be that as it may, secure information sharing is hazardous. Security is a standout amongst the most troublesome undertaking to actualize in distributed computing. Distinctive types of assaults in the application side and in the equipment parts. This paper proposes a structure for secure touchy information partaking in cloud, including secure information conveyance, stockpiling, use, and pulverization on a semi confided in cloud condition. We introduce Kerberos convention over the system and a client procedure insurance technique in light of a virtual machine screen, which offers help for the acknowledgment of framework capacities.
MODELAGEM DE UM REATOR CSTR NÃO-ISOTÉRMICO PARA PRODUÇÃO DE ACETATO DE ETILA

No presente estudo, foi desenvolvida a modelagem de um reator CSTR nao-isotermicopara a producao de acetato de etila. Foi realizado o balanco de massa e de energia em regimetransiente, alem dos estudos termodinâmico e cinetico para essa reacao. Os sistemas de equacoesdiferenciais ordinarias, obtidas a partir dos balancos, foram solucionadas pelo metodo numericode Euler. Com esses estudos, foi possivel observar o comportamento da reacao no reator avaliado,analisando-se as concentracoes de todos os componentes e a temperatura em relacao ao tempo.
Ultrafast Thermo-Optical Dynamics of Plasmonic Nanoparticles

Femtosecond time-resolved optical spectroscopy is emerging as the go-to technique to investigate the ultrafast thermal dynamics of nanometric objects. At this size scale, thermal interface resistance plays a major role, controlling the cooling dynamics of nanoparticles after initial impulsive excitation [1, 2]. In this context, connecting the ultrafast optical response of nano-objects to the correct thermal energy flow is of vital importance for quantitative retrieval of thermal parameters — such as the interfacial resistance and the local environment thermal conductivity — from experiments.
Investigating the Impacts of Road Traffic Conditions and Driver’s Characteristics on Automated Vehicle Takeover Time and Quality Using a Driving Simulator

This study investigates the impacts of road traffic conditions and driver’s characteristics on the takeover time in automated vehicles using a driving simulator. Automated vehicles are barely expected to maintain their fully automated driving capability at all times based on the current technologies, and the automated vehicle system transfers the vehicle control to a driver when the system can no longer be automatically operated. The takeover time is the duration from when the driver requested the vehicle control transition from the automated vehicle system to when the driver takes full control of the vehicle. This study assumes that the takeover time can vary according to the driver’s characteristics and the road traffic conditions; the assessment is undertaken with various participants having different characteristics in various traffic volume conditions and road geometry conditions. To this end, 25 km of the northbound road section between Osan Interchange and Dongtan Junction on Gyeongbu Expressway in Korea is modeled in the driving simulator; the experiment participants are asked to drive the vehicle and take a response following a certain triggering event in the virtual driving environment. The results showed that the level of service and road curvature do not affect the takeover time itself, but they significantly affect the stabilization time, that is, a duration for a driver to become stable and recover to a normal state. Furthermore, age affected the takeover time, indicating that aged drivers are likely to slowly respond to a certain takeover situation, compared to the younger drivers. With these findings, this study emphasizes the importance of having effective countermeasures and driver interface to monitor drivers in the automated vehicle system; therefore, an early and effective alarm system to alert drivers for the vehicle takeover can secure enough time for stable recovery to manual driving and ultimately to achieve safety during the takeover.
A Roadmap Towards Parallel Printing for Desktop 3D Printers

3D printers with multiple extruders (or multi­headed printers) are common in the desktop fabrica­ tion community, but are primarily used for multi­color or multi­material printing, using only one extruder at a time. What if these multi­headed desktop printers could also be used for simulta­ neous parallel printing? While this is a relatively unexplored direction, we argue that it deserves further investigation: a flexible, robust, and affordable parallel printing ecosystem could signifi­ cantly reduce fabrication time for many applications and further enhance the value of desktop rapid prototyping. We propose a research agenda to explore the development of a parallel printing pipeline, and summarize our observations from a preliminary investigation of simultaneous extrusion. We hope this vision will encourage and guide future research in developing hardware, firmware, and slicers to facilitate parallel 3D printing.
Nanoparticles-Based Novel Drug Delivery System: A Review

For the past few years, there has been a considerable research on the basis of Novel drug delivery system, using particulate vesicle systems as drug carriers for small and large molecules. Nanoparticles, Liposomes, Microspheres, Niosomes, Pronisomes, Ethosomes, Proliposomes have been used as drug carrier in vesicle drug delivery system. Various polymers have been used in the formation of Nanoparticles. Nanoparticles have been improving the therapeutic effect of drugs and minimizing the side effects. Basically, nanoparticles have been prepared by using various physical, chemical, mechanical and biological techniques. Nano-medicines have been particularly used for cell repair, antimicrobial techniques, anticancer therapy, gene delivery system, vector cell repair, nano-robot for chromosome repair therapy etc. Sometimes, nanoparticles are likely to be unsafe for the biological system. Nanoparticles have been evaluated by using parameters of drug entrapment efficiency, particle shape, drug release study.
Copper (II) and Nickel (II) Mixed-ligand Complexes Containing 1,10- phenanthroline and their Biological Evaluation

A novel water-soluble vitamin B12 backbone Schiff base ligand containing two mixed ligand transition metal complexes Cu(II) and Ni (II)) were synthesized by template method. The synthesized two mixed ligand metal Complexes were characterized by IR, Mass and elementary analysis. The synthesized compounds were docked with Dengue NS3 protease-helicase bi-functional enzyme (PDB ID: 2VBC) and B-DNA (PDB ID: 1BNA) using Auto Dock tools version 1.5. 6 and auto dock vina docking programs and Discovery studio software. The binding of the ligand and receptor in grid point value of x × y × z directions of 80 × 80 × 80 and a grid space group value of 0.380 Å. The binding energy values of the Ni(II) and Co(II) complexes respectively -7.4 and -7.2 kcal mol towards NS3 proteasehelicase. The binding energy values of the Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes respectively -6.6 and -6.5 kcal moltowards B-DNA. These results shown as the synthesized compounds act as an Anti-Dengue and show greater binding affinity towards B-DNA.
The influence of art and art therapy on people

The article is devoted to studying of influence of art on people and possibilities of application of art therapy in life. The main purpose of art therapy is defined as harmonization of the person’s inner state, help people find the optimal state of balance conducive to the active continuation of life. The methods of art therapy influence on the formation of creative abilities of people. The article analyzes study and application of art therapy methods as methods of personality development. The most appropriate methods of art therapy that are used to reveal creative potential of people are analyzed. Art therapy can be used to prevent and correct negative psychological states in a child and an adult (fear, fatigue, aggressiveness, irritability, etc.). The article gives the description of the main methods of art therapy.
Fermentable Bioactive Peptides as a Functional Molecule

Bioactive peptides are peptides with biological activity that have positive impact on physiological functions of body and play a vital role in human health. They have drug like activity and are used to produce neutraceuticals and functional foods. Food sources of bioactive peptides are milk, soybean, pulses, fish, meat, egg, wheat etc. These peptides are produced by enzymatic hydrolysis with digestive enzymes and microbial activity of fermented foods and proteolysis by enzymes. Microbial fermentation is efficient way to produce these peptides. Physiological functions (health benefits) of bioactive peptides include antihypertensive, antioxidative, antithrombotic, hypocholesterolemic, opioid, mineral-binding, antimicrobial, immuno and cyto-modulatory, anti-cancer, anti-HIV and nutritional.
PLASMID PROFILE OF BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM PAINTED CONCRETE WALLS FROM PARTS OF SOUTHERN, NIGERIA

Sum total of eighty samples were collected from Eleme and Port Harcourt for this study using forty (40) sterile swap sticks for each location. Two (2) different media (MacConkey Agar and Chocolate Agar) were used for the culture isolation of the microorganisms. Each swab stick was introduced on the surface of the media by streaking on the solid agar for microbial identification and biochemical analysis was done for specific identification of the microbes. Plasmid profiling of the isolated microorganisms to evaluate plasmid DNA was done by culturing in LB media with antibiotic selective pressure. This study identify four (4) microorganisms with Escherichia coli having the highest occurrence percentage of 46.30% from both location while 3.45% of Serratiam arcescen, 11.82% of Bacillus cereus and 38.43% of Staphylococcus aureus were isolated from both locations. The population of Escherichia coli isolated from Eleme and Port Harcourt was significantly high with percentage occurrence of 19.21% and 27.09 % respectively. This study implicated Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus to be responsible for degradation of coated surface. Isolated from Eleme had plasmid of molecular weight 23.13kbp while Port Harcourt had plasmid of molecular weight 23.13kbp, and 4.361kbp showing significant change on their plasmid morphology. Index Terms Bacteria, Painted walls, Plasmids, Agar, Microscopic .