Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Physiological and immunological benefits of probiotics and their impacts in poultry productivity

SUMMARY Using antibiotics as growth promotants has been banned due to the increasing problem of antibiotic resistance and the presence of antibiotic residues in poultry products, which pose a risk to human health. Therefore, probiotics could be utilised as a promising alternative to antibiotic growth promoters, because of the increased requirement for antibiotic-free and organic poultry products. Probiotics are viable micro-organisms used as feed additives. Scientists have paid much attention to the benefits of probiotics due to their ability to preserve a healthy intestinal microbial balance. Probiotic supplementation could enhance the gut structure integrity, physiological function, intestinal immunity and health. Probiotics are also used to enhance the antioxidative status via activation of antioxidative enzymes and to reduce lipid peroxidation. Moreover, dietary probiotic micro-organisms are able to stimulate humoral- and cell-mediated immunity and regulate pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the host. These physiological and immunological benefits of probiotics are translated into various improvements, such as in growth performance, laying performance, egg quality, meat quality and meat safety. Interestingly, probiotics have positive impacts on alleviating heat stress in poultry. The current review is an effort to shed light on recent findings related to the benefits of dietary probiotics on gut development, nutrient absorption, gut microbiota, antioxidative properties, immune responses and productive performance in poultry.
The prevalence of arm lymphedema after radiation treatment in patients with breast cancer

Abstract Aim: To evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of arm lymphedema in patients with breast cancer. Materials and methods: Between 2006 and 2017, we investigated patients with breast cancer after breast surgery who received adjuvant radiotherapy at the breast or chest wall, and/or adjuvant radiotherapy at regional lymph nodes, and standard systemic chemotherapy depending on disease stage and risk factors. We assessed arm lymphedema using arm circumference measurement differences on the treated side compared with the opposite arm (≥2 cm measurements at any one position). Associations between arm lymphedema and potential risk factors were identified using statistical analysis. Results: In 308 patients, arm lymphedema prevalence was 6·2%. Patients having ≥20 lymph nodes removed (hazard ratio (HR) = 3·29; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1·12–8·87), undergoing regional lymph node irradiation (HR = 1·81; 95% CI: 1·09–13·28), and no arm and shoulder exercises after treatment (HR = 3·16; 95% CI: 1·89–5·26) had a higher risk of arm lymphedema. Findings: Arm lymphedema is a serious breast cancer complication and is a preventable morbidity. Planning arm and shoulder exercises in line with adjuvant treatments and increasing clinical awareness of early indications could help lower the risk of occurrence.
Analysis of Scenarios for the Insertion of Electric Vehicles in Conjunction with a Solar Carport in the City of Curitiba, Paraná—Brazil

The growing environmental impact and rising emission of greenhouse gases have accelerated the research toward renewable energy sources and electric vehicles since one of the main sources of pollution is the CO2 emissions produced by conventional combustion vehicles. This article presents the analysis of the energy balance between a photovoltaic carport with 4.89 kWp installed capacity and an EV, model Renault Fluence ZE DYN, driven in real conditions. The driving tests were performed during the winter season in the city of Curitiba, the capital of the state of Paraná, Brazil, with approximately 1.7 million inhabitants and 1.1 million vehicles. During the test period, we attempt to reproduce the citizen’s daily routes through the city, presenting an average consumption of 15.75 kWh/100 km. The carport PV module’s energy generation and in-plane incident irradiation were acquired to calculate the performance ratio, making a comparison after cleaning maintenance possible. The solar carport system has 4.89 kWp and has generated an average of 465.37 kWh during its 24 months of operation. The analysis scenarios consist of replacing part of the city’s combustion vehicle fleet with the EVs (the same as used in the study) and thus determining how many replicas of the presented photovoltaic systems might be needed, as well as the area required for the installations. In a simulation with 15% of the fleet’s replacement, it would be necessary to generate 17,151.8 MWh, which requires the construction of 36,856 carports, covering an area of approximately 1,105,685 m². Finally, an economic comparison between an internal combustion vehicle and the EV determined that the expenditures involving electric energy to charge the batteries are 3.3 times lower than buying gasoline, assuming the same driving routines.
The Micro-genesis of Improvisational Co-creation

ABSTRACT Recent voices in creativity research emphasize the vital role that processes of active engagement and interaction play. These distributed, interactivity-based, and ecological accounts critique the reduction of creativity to mental mechanisms and eschew the methodological individualism that underlies this view. Instead, they elevate socio-material couplings to a genuine causal mechanism, hereby explaining why others “are good to be creative with” beyond mutual inspiration or mere constraints on creativity. With improvised dance duets as our example, we introduce a micro-analysis that unpacks these mechanisms from a first-person viewpoint: We describe how the embodied communication at the sub-second scale, a continuous “give and take” between dancers, mediates the co-creation process and how reciprocal micro-actions cumulate into more complex creative effects. Secondly, we distinguish convergent and divergent co-creation dynamics, degrees of playful exploration vs. adaptive pressures, and degrees of individual creative autonomy. Thirdly, we argue that the mix of external constraints, joint exploration, and individual ideation provides a fertile mechanism for co-creation. Finally, we discuss forms of individual creative vision that respect and exploit the dynamic ecology, which can manifest in immediate micro-inspirations, but also in subtle modulations of ongoing process, and in “cultivating” the wider system in ways that benefit novelty.
Security enhancement technologies for smart contracts in the blockchain: A survey

Smart contract has shown its potential in cutting down the cost of administration through reshaping conventional business processes and in expanding the application of blockchain to areas that are beyond the cryptocurrency. However, with the rapid development and wide application of smart contracts, security issues have become a serious concern and have thus attracted widespread attention. As the result, a great deal of effort has been spent on improving and supporting secure development and on the application of smart contracts by introducing new and advanced vulnerability detection and privacy protection techniques in recent years. There is therefore the need for a comprehensive review of the new development on security enhancement technologies of smart contracts for the blockchain. This paper provides a review of the current research status and advances in smart contract security based on related literature published in recent years. Our review is divided into six categories along the line of the technology, which includes symbolic execution, abstract interpretation, fuzz testing, formal verification, deep learning, and privacy enhancement. A comparison of the various tools and methods developed to tackle security issues is provided. Challenges in the research of smart contract security as well as future directions are discussed. This paper intends to provide the inspiration and reference for follow‐up research on the security issues of smart contracts in the blockchain.
The Effect of Thinking Like a Nurse Simulation as an Online Clinical Learning Method on Nursing Students’ Satisfaction and Confidence during the Covid-19 Pandemic

Introduction: Corona Virus Disease (Covid-19) was declared as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) resulting in changes in existing patterns of life. This impact also affects the world of education, including nursing vocational education. Nursing vocational education must be able to design online methods for the clinical competency with existing facilities and infrastructure. The online clinical method can describe the achievements achievable in clinical facilities so as to build students’ satisfaction and confidence.Methods: This research used quasi-experimental pre-posttest without control group method by providing clinical learning thinking like a nurse simulation. The research sample consists of 110 diploma students with purposive sampling method. Simulation focuses on clinical judgment, communication skills, and skill simulations by adopting clinical practice in hospitals. Assessment is measured using Simulation Design Scale (SDS) and Student Satisfaction and Self-Confidence in Learning Scale (SCLS). Pair t test with level of significance 0.05 is used to process data.Results: It is found that there is an increase in students’ satisfaction and confidence using the clinical simulation method of “thinking like a nurse” having an average 40.69%. Meanwhile, online clinical learning methods has an average increase of 114%. There is an effect of thinking like a nurse simulation method on students’ satisfaction and self-confidence (p < 0.05). Conclusion: This research is recommended to add to the reference for online nursing clinical learning methods during Covid-19. Determining the ratio between students and lecturers in online clinic learning can be considered for further research.
Regulación de la ciberseguridad en el sector de telecomunicaciones de Brasil: un balance de incentivos en un contexto de neutralidad tecnológica

El artículo explora la justificación que apoyó la redacción de la normativa de ciberseguridad en el sector de las telecomunicaciones brasileño, y que tendrá un impacto directo en su implementación. El trabajo parte de un repaso sobre la evolución de la temática y el contexto actual en el que el regulador nacional actuó para producir su intervención normativa, a partir de la postura técnica frente al escenario geopolítico y el reconocimiento de la transformación tecnológica en curso. Los pilares de la normativa se analizan desde la perspectiva de la gestión de riesgos, la asimetría regulatoria y la construcción de un nuevo modelo de gobernanza multilateral y progresiva. Las consideraciones pretenden ir más allá de un enfoque puramente descriptivo, y buscar identificar los puntos de atención que estarán presentes en la implementación de la regulación en los próximos años.
Religious norms and homeownership among Norwegian Muslim women

ABSTRACT This article examines how the Islamic prohibition of riba (interest) shapes ideas about homeownership and housing choices among Muslim professional women in Oslo, Norway. While ‘homeownership for all’ has been an explicit policy goal of the post-war Norwegian welfare state, denoting for immigrants a salient measure of ‘successful integration’, the lack of interest-free housing finance in Norway makes homeownership unattainable for parts of the Muslim minority, who consider interest prohibited by their religion. While research on Muslim immigrants is plentiful, little attention has been given to the relationship between religion and homeownership in migrants’ everyday life, and how the prospect of homeownership relates to questions of integration and belonging. Examining how Muslim professional women negotiate majority and minority norms related to housing and finance, we offer analysis highlighting intergenerational differences as well as gendered and transnational dimensions. We find that the prohibition of riba matters to our research participants and that they actively consider Islamic scripture, their own codes of ethics, and the wider social and economic consequences of their actions when deciding to obtain a loan with interest. Negotiating different, and often diverging, norms, these women straddle expectations of being ‘a good citizen’ and of being ‘a good Muslim’.
Joint Protection of Energy Security and Information Privacy for Energy Harvesting: An Incentive Federated Learning Approach

Energy harvesting (EH) is a promising and critical technology to mitigate the dilemma between the limited battery capacity and the increasing energy consumption in the Internet of everything. However, the current EH system suffers from energy-information cross threats, facing the overlapping vulnerability of energy deprivation and private information leakage. Although some existing works touch on the security of energy and information in EH, they treat these two issues independently, without collaborative and intelligent protection cross the energy side and information side. To address the aforementioned challenge, this article proposes a joint protection framework of energy security and information privacy for EH with an incentive federated learning approach. First, we design a federated-learning-based malicious energy user detection method according to energy status and behaviors to provide energy security protection. Second, a differential-privacy-empowered information preservation scheme is devised, where sensitive information is perturbed and protected by the customized demand-based noise. Third, a noncooperative-game-enabled incentive mechanism is established to encourage EH nodes to participate in the joint energy-information protection system. The proposed incentive mechanism derives the optimal energy-information security strategy for EH nodes and achieve a tradeoff between the protection of energy security and information privacy. Evaluation results have verified the effectiveness of our proposed joint protection mechanism.
DISCRIMINAÇÃO ESTRUTURAL E INSEGURANÇA ALIMENTAR NO BRASIL: ANTISSUBORDINAÇÃO E APORTES NO CONCEITO DE DISPOSITIVO DE SEGURANÇA E DE GOVERNAMENTALIDADE

A insegurança alimentar atual no Brasil, potencializada pela pandemia por Covid-19, pode ser constatada em estruturas de subordinação. Para além da recorrente análise centrada na dicotomia igualdade formal e igualdade material, o avanço na dogmática constitucional antidiscriminatória requer outras perspectivas a subsidiar o direito da antidiscriminação, como é o caso da antissubordinação. A pesquisa se dá através da coleta de dados e do referencial teórico de Michel Foucault, no que toca aos conceitos de dispositivo de segurança e de governamentalidade em uma metodologia em abordagem dialética (interpretação dinâmica, totalizante, considerando contextos sociais, políticos e econômicos) e uma posição metodológica jurídico-científico.
Multi‐objective optimization for sustainable production planning

Sustainable production planning can be achieved by including several key factors along with production which affect the environment and economy. Carbon emission and energy consumption are essential factors that need to be reduced for achieving sustainable development. In this article, a methodology is proposed for production planning via several process options using available flexibility in the crisp model formulation. A fuzzy multi‐objective model is formulated for satisfying imprecise goals with a view of minimizing carbon emission and energy consumption in industries. This article addresses the decision making in order to develop a better compromise solution for production planning. For practical planning problems, linear and non‐linear membership functions are used to characterize fuzziness. For nonlinear case, two approaches are proposed with multi‐criteria programming models to deal with empirical data points that is, quadratic approximation and piecewise linear approximation. Three examples are illustrated to show the applicability and purpose of the presented methodologies.
Comparison between RECIST 1.1, Choi and PERCIST 1.0 criteria to evaluate response to SBRT of liver metastasis

Background: Currently there are no guidelines for follow-up and assessment of response in tumors undergoing liver stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). We analyzed imaging characteristics of liver metastasis treaded by SBRT and compared the accuracy of different imaging criteria (RECIST 1.1, Choi and PERCIST 1.0) to assess treatment response. Methods: Eighty-eight liver metastasis treated with SBRT at our institution, University Hospital HM Sanchinarro, were analyzed. We retrospectively reviewed images of all CT and PET-CT studies performed to these patients at baseline and every three months after SBRT treatment during the first year. Lesion size (cm) and attenuation coefficient values (HU, Hounsfield Units) were measured. 18F-FDG uptake value was collected if PET-CT was made. Surrounding liver tissue attenuation coefficient values and eventual dilation of the biliary ducts were also analyzed. Results: In our retrospective, observational study statistical analysis shown significant differences in the assessment of response of liver metastasis treated with SBRT using different criteria in the four reviews (P<0.001). PERCIST criteria were the most sensitive to assess response. Regarding “non-metabolic” criteria, Choi criteria showed better results in the assessment of response to SBRT than RECIST 1.1. Attenuation coefficient values of perilesional parenchyma did not vary significantly along the first year except in the first quarter (P<0.016), and we did not find dilation of the bile duct after SBRT with greater frequency than in other cases. Conclusions: PERCIST were the most suitable criteria to assess response to SBRT of liver metastasis in our series. Among the rest, Choi were more appropriate than RECIST 1.1.
Impact of Gender on Clinical Characteristic, Treatment and Outcome in ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Hospital Based Study from North-Eastern India

Background: Data on impact of gender on clinical presentation of ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) are sparse in our country. Gender related difference in STEMI has never been studied in North-Eastern India. Aim: The present study was undertaken to study the impact of gender on clinical characteristic, treatment and outcome in STEMI. Methods: We prospectively collected data of 510 STEMI patients from February 2011 to August 2012 in Gauhati Medical College, a tertiary care center in North-Eastern India. We evaluated data on impact of gender in clinical characteristic, treatment, and outcome in STEMI patients. Results: A total of 510 cases of STEMI were included. Females in STEMI were older (53.6 years in males compared to 58 years in females, P<0.001) and have greater atypical presentation (31.6% in females and 13.98% in males, P<0.001). Females also have higher mean time to presentation and higher incidence of diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension and high BMI, whereas males had higher incidence of smoking. Females are less likely to undergo thrombolysis (28.73% in females compared to 44.34% in males, p=0.04) and revascularization (17.5% in males and 9.1% in females p-0.01) during index hospitalization, but standard medical therapy was similar. Women were also more likely to develop heart failure either at presentation or at 30 days and also had a higher 30-day mortality (15.5% in female and 9.8% in male, p value-0.06). Conclusion: This study represents the first reported study on impact of gender on clinical presentation of STEMI from North-Eastern India and has observed that females have a higher mean age of presentation, higher incidence of atypical presentation, diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension and high BMI. Females also present later than males, though statistically not significant and also less likely to receive thrombolysis and revascularization than males. The 30-day mortality was also higher in females.
Does the gut microbiome environment influence response to systemic breast cancer treatment?

The gut microbiome is a novel player in the pathogenesis and treatment of breast cancer. The term “microbiome” is used to describe the diverse community of micro-organisms existing within the gastrointestinal tract. The gut microbiome plays an important role in oestrogen metabolism through its ability to deconjugate oestrogens within the gut resulting in their reabsorption. Therefore, it is not unsurprising that “dysbiosis”, the disruption of normal gut microbiota composition, is now thought to play a role in the development of the disease, as women with breast cancer have been shown to have altered gut microbiota and this has been correlated with tumour characteristics. There is emerging evidence to suggest that the gut microbiota may also impact on breast cancer treatment, by mediating both drug efficacy and toxicity. The present review will discuss the influence of the gut microbiota on systemic treatments for breast cancer, including chemotherapy, anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) therapy, endocrine therapy and immunotherapy as well as other targeted treatments.
DNA metabarcoding marker choice skews perception of marine eukaryotic biodiversity

DNA metabarcoding is an increasingly popular technique to investigate biodiversity; however, many methodological unknowns remain, especially concerning the biases resulting from marker choice. Regions of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and 18S rDNA (18S) genes are commonly employed “universal” markers for eukaryotes, but the extent of taxonomic biases introduced by these markers and how such biases may impact metabarcoding performance is not well quantified. Here, focusing on macroeukaryotes, we use standardized sampling from autonomous reef monitoring structures (ARMS) deployed in the world's most biodiverse marine ecosystem, the Coral Triangle, to compare the performance of COI and 18S markers. We then compared metabarcoding data to image-based annotations of ARMS plates. Although both markers provided similar estimates of taxonomic richness and total sequence reads, marker choice skewed estimates of eukaryotic diversity. The COI marker recovered relative abundances of the dominant sessile phyla consistent with image annotations. Both COI and the image annotations provided higher relative abundance estimates of
The effects of feeding rations that differ in neutral detergent fiber and starch within a day on the daily pattern of key rumen microbial populations

Graphical Abstract Summary: The timing of feeding of starch and fiber affects daily patterns of rumen pH, nutrient digestion, and milk production but there is little information on the effect on daily patterns of rumen microbial populations. This study measured the relative abundance of rumen bacteria, protozoa, fungi and bacterial species in response to feeding diets that altered the concentration of fiber and starch to cows across the day. The results show that that relative abundance of microbial species is dynamic across the day and that their daily patterns are affected by the timing of feeding starch and fiber.