Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cell division and migration in a `genotype' for neural networks

Much research has been dedicated recently to applying genetic algorithms to populations of neural networks. However, while in real organisms the inherited genotype maps in complex ways into the resulting phenotype, in most of this research the development process that creates the individual phenotype is ignored. In this paper we present a model of neural development which includes cell division and cell migration in addition to axonal growth and branching. This reflects, in a very simplified way, what happens in the ontogeny of real organisms. The development process of our artificial organisms shows successive phases of functional differentiation and specialization. In addition, we find that mutations that affect different phases of development have very different evolutionary consequences. A single change in the early stages of cell division/migration can have huge effects on the phenotype while changes in later stages have usually a less drammatic impact. Sometimes changes that affect the first developental stages may be retained producing sudden changes in evolutionary history.
Performance Analysis of Maximum Power Point Tracker (MPPT) for Photovoltaic Systems

: Maximum Power Point Tracker (MPPT) is a good tool to optimize the efficiency of photovoltaic system. As we know that V-I characteristic of PV cell comes to be non-linear curve. On this curve certain points are having the maximum power drawn from PV array to the load. These points are called maximum power points. The locus of these points is called the maximum power line. A Buck-Boost type DC-DC converter is used to construct the MPPT. A control algorithm with Pulse Width Modulation is applied to control the duty cycle of DC-DC converter.
Spring water stress in Scots pine: interaction of snow and soil temperature

Water use and net carbon assimilation during spring was examined on Scots pine trees exposed to different soil warming dynamics in the field. Sap flow, needle water potential and net carbon assimilation were measured on trees that were exposed to a wide range of soil temperature regimes caused by manipulating the snow cover on tree-scale soil plots. This made it possible to quantify the sensitivity of water uptake and recovery of gas exchange by Scots pine in the critical transition from winter dormancy to the growing season, which can be influenced by silvicultural practices. A part of the study was to find a tool for estimating the coupled effect of belowground and aboveground climate on transpiration, as well as to adapt this tool to the harsh climate of the boreal forest. Combining the results of field experiments on tree susceptibility to water stress with a physically based SVAT model as well as a model for estimating the recovery of photosynthesis helped to predict spatial and inter-annual variability of snow depths, soil warming, water uptake and net primary productivity during spring within different Scots pine stands across the landscape. This could provide a better basis for a more frostconscious forest management. The studies have confirmed the importance of low soil temperatures in combination with aboveground climate for root water uptake and net carbon assimilation during spring, when soil warming occurs after the start of the growing season. The studies have also confirmed that earlier, controlled laboratory studies on the inhibiting effects of low soil temperature on water relations and gas exchange for seedlings or saplings also hold true on mature trees in the field. The experimental data served well as the basis for model analyses of the interaction between belowground and aboveground conditions on water use and net photosynthesis. The results of the field studies and model analyses suggest that the effect of soil temperature on tree water uptake and net photosynthesis during spring, in conjunction with aboveground conditions, are factors that need to be considered in forest management in areas susceptible to soil frost and low soil temperatures.
Preliminary Study on the Effects of Some Organic Fertilizers on Raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) Variety Heritage

: Soil structure, chemistry, and fauna are very important in terms of sustainable agricultural production, and it is inevitable to plan productionbased on these factors. In this context, the use of alternative ecosystem-friendly practices should be expanded in agricultural production instead of chemical fertilizers, which have harmful effects if used excessively. In this study, the effects of different fertilization (chemical, organic, and vermicompost) on the physicochemical properties of the "Heritage" cultivar of raspberry ( Rubus idaeus L.), which is loved for its aroma and biochemical content, were investigated. Based on our results, chemical fertilization came to the fore in terms of fruit width (15.83 mm) and length (16.42 mm), while the highest values in terms of fruit weight (1.80 g) were obtained as a result of organic fertilization. In addition to citric acid (20749 mg L -1 ), which has been identified as the dominant acid of the "Heritage" cultivar, chemical fertilization gave the best results in terms of tartaric acid (2615.54 mg L -1 ), malic acid (477.71 mg L -1 ) and titratable acidity (2.47 %) contents. For acetic acid (643.11 mg L -1 ), ascorbic acid (201.08 mg L -1 ) and oxalic acid (30.02 mg L -1 ) contents high results were obtained from vermicompost application. At the same time, the highest total flavonoid content (11.78 mg quercetin L -1 ) was determined in vermicompost application. The highest values in terms of total anthocyanin (1.54 µg cyan-3-glk g -1 ) and total phenol (590.11 mg GAE L -1 ) content were measured from chemical fertilizer application. Organic fertilization came to the fore in terms of antioxidant activity (95.24%), which is affected by many of the aforementioned metabolites. As a result of the study, it was determined that the application most affecting yield was organic fertilizer
Karst: Ditambang atau Dilestarikan, Konflik Sosial Rencana Pembangunan Pabrik Semen di Kabupaten Pati Jawa Tengah

The establishment of cement industry at regions with rich content of karst has increasingly grown in recent years. As a consequence, conflict of interest between cement company and local people groups has arised. The article aims to mapping out a natural resource based-conflict in district of Pati, province of Jawa Tengah. The social conflict has taken place at the stage of pra-construction of cement plant in the south Pati. The cement company, supported by local government, has continuously tried to establish the plant. The local people groups have always rejected it. Through organizing indigenous people, building social networks, and undertaking various collective actions, the local people groups have refused any efforts for establishing the plant. While this social conflict has continued, so far there is no an adequate conflict resolution. However, the new government of Central Java resulted from the 2013 election provides an opportunity to end the conflict.
Patients’ lived experiences of self-injectable diabetes treatment: A phenomenological study

Background A diabetes diagnosis has significant implications and affects the individual’s health and social opportunities; it may also carry ethical and cultural consequences, especially when self-injectable treatment is involved. Therefore, it is important to understand lived experiences of patients on self-injectable diabetes treatment to establish initiatives and develop coping mechanisms that may reduce disease morbidity. Aim This study explored and described patients’ lived experiences of self-injectable treatment for diabetes mellitus type 1 and 2. Setting The study was conducted in the Rundu health district, Kavango east region, Namibia. Method A phenomenological qualitative design was used. The sample consisted of 10 purposively selected patients on self-injectable treatment and data were collected through unstructured individual interviews. Data analysis followed an interpretative phenomenological approach. Ethical principles were adhered to, including respect for autonomy, non-maleficence, beneficence, and justice and ethical clearance was obtained. Results Self-injectable treatment is cost-effective, promotes self-care, and relieves the burden on nurses and doctors. But it is a lonely journey, causing uncertainty about the future and self-stigmatisation. Moreover, unfamiliarity with injection techniques, challenges in storing medication, and disposing of used needles and other waste were revealed. Conclusion Patients on self-injectable diabetes treatment have positive and negative lived experiences. It is recommended that family members provide adequate support and that healthcare workers reinforce education on diabetes for these individuals. Contribution The findings can be used to develop patients’ education and training packages, guide the development and implementation of diabetes coping mechanisms, and initiate intersectoral collaboration to assist patients undergoing injectable treatment.
The Archaeobotany of Khao Sam Kaeo and Phu Khao Thong: The Agriculture of Late Prehistoric Southern Thailand

The Thai-Malay Peninsula lies at the heart of Southeast Asia. Geographically, the narrowest point is forty kilometres and forms a barrier against straightforward navigation from the Indian Ocean to the South China Sea and vice versa. This would have either led vessels to cabotage the southernmost part of the peninsula or portage across the peninsula to avoid circumnavigating. The peninsula made easy crossing points strategic locations commercially and politically. Early movements of people along exchange routes would have required areas for rest, ports, repair of boats and replenishment of goods. These feeder stations may have grown to become entrepots and urban centres. This study investigates the archaeobotany of two sites in the Thai-Malay Peninsula, Khao Sam Kaeo (KSK) and Phu Khao Thong (PKT). KSK is located on the east whereas PKT lies on the west of the peninsula and both date to the Late Prehistoric period (ca. 400-100 BC). KSK has been identified as the earliest urban site from the Late Prehistoric period in Southeast Asia engaged in trans-Asiatic exchange networks. There is evidence of craft specialisation and material culture that links the site to India, China and the rest of Southeast Asia. PKT has similar material culture as KSK. The purpose of examining the archaeobotanical results from KSK is to add to the understanding of how an early urban site with an active exchange network and specialised craft production would have supported itself. The results provide insights into exchanged foodstuffs and the agricultural base that sustained the different communities at KSK: the local population, temporary settlers and transient voyagers. The archaeobotany of Khao Sam Kaeo is compared to the contemporaneous site PKT. PKT lies closer to the Indian Ocean and has more Indian domesticates in the assemblage.
Effect of Faradarmani Consciousness Field on the susceptibility of Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus to antifungal drugs

A suitable antifungal therapy for successful patient outcomes is needed for all serious fungal infections. Only a few antifungal agents are available, so the appearance of resistance to a single drug and currently multidrug resistance has critically hampered the management of patients. Faradarmani Consciousness Field (CF) introduced by Taheri is neither energy nor matter and does not have a quantity, so it cannot be directly measured. Nevertheless, it is possible to assess their effects indirectly through controlled experimentations in the laboratory. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Faradarmani CF on the susceptibility of Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus to antifungal drugs. For this purpose, antifungal susceptibility was assessed via the disk diffusion method to evaluate the Faradarmani CF effect. Faradarmani CF significantly reduced the resistance of C. albicans and A. fumigatus to nystatin. As well as reduced, the resistance against amphotericin B was observed in both fungi but, compared to the control, was not significant. Considering the results, the drug resistance of C. albicans and A. fumigatus decreased under the influence of Faradarmani CF, and it can be examined in fungal infections in vivo. In addition, it is recommended that the effects of Faradarmani CF on other drug-resistant pathogens be investigated.
Late Eocene to Quaternary dinoflagellate cysts from ODP Site 1168, Off western Tasmania.

Palynomorphs were studied in samples from Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 189, Hole 1168A (slope of the western margin of Tasmania; 2463 m water depth). Besides organic-walled dinoflagellate cysts (dinocysts), broad categories of other palynomorphs were quantified in terms of relative abundance. In this contribution, we provide an overview of the early late Eocene–Quaternary dinocyst distribution and illustrate main trends in palynomorph distribution. Dinocyst species throughout Hole 1168A are largely cosmopolitan with important contributions of typical low-latitude taxa and virtual absence of endemic Antarctic taxa. Dinocyst stratigraphic distribution broadly matches that known from the Northern Hemisphere and equatorial regions, although significant differences are noted. Selected potentially biochronostratigraphically useful events are summarized. The distribution of dinocysts in the middle–upper Miocene interval is rather patchy, probably due to prolonged exposure to oxygen. An important general aspect in the dinocyst assemblages is the near absence of Antarctic endemic species and the apparent influence of relatively warm waters throughout the succession at Site 1168. General palynomorph distribution indicates continued deepening from an initial shallow, even restricted, marine setting from late Eocene–Quaternary times. A curious massive influx of small skolochorate acritarchs is recorded throughout the late early–early middle Miocene; the significance of this 1Brinkhuis, H. , Munsterman, D.K. , Sengers, S. , Sluijs, A. , Warnaar, J., and Williams, G.L. , 2003. Late Eocene– Quaternary dinoflagellate cysts from ODP Site 1168, off western Tasmania. In Exon, N.F. , Kennett, J.P., and Malone, M.J. (Eds.), Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 189, 1–36 [Online]. Available from World Wide Web: . [Cited YYYY-MM-DD] 2Laboratory of Palaeobotany and Palynology, Utrecht University, Budapestlaan 4, 3584CD Utrecht, The Netherlands. Correspondence author: h.brinkhuis@bio.uu. nl 3The Netherlands Institute of Applied Geosciences (NITG)-TNO, National Geological Survey, PO Box 80015, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands. 4Geological Survey of Canada (Atlantic), Bedford Institute of Oceanography, PO Box 1006, Dartmouth NS B2Y 4A2, Canada. Initial receipt: 12 November 2002 Acceptance: 15 July 2003 Web publication: 28 October 2003 Ms 189SR-105 H. BRINKHUIS ET AL. LATE EOCENE–QUATERNARY DINOFLAGELLATE CYSTS 2 signal is not yet understood. A general long-term oligotrophic nature of the surface waters influencing Site 1168 is suggested from the low abundance of (proto) peridinioid, presumably heterotrophic, species. The overall dinocyst distribution pattern corresponds to the longterm existence of a Leeuwin-like current influencing the region, including Site 1168, confirming results of earlier studies on other microfossil groups. The occasional influence of colder surface water conditions is, however, also apparent, notably during the late Pliocene–Quaternary, indicating the potential of high-resolution dinocyst analysis for future paleoceanographic studies.
Enhancing Drivers’ Attention By A Smart Binary Matching Machine to Avoid Accidents

Stress and sudden difficult situations have raised the risks of accidents down the roads. The drivers’ attention might be distracted out in seconds under unexpected circumstances, which could take place due to bad weather, vision problems, fatigue for long driving hours, damaged or broken Traffic light , and even children's noise inside the car. In this paper, I proposed to develop a special colourful Deep Back Propagation Neural Network to enhance drivers’ attention by observing different traffic light cases using a suggested smart binary matching machine system in Python. The smart machine system will analyse and identify the real Traffic light from art signs, broken or damaged ones; in addition to pedestrian signs based on a Database symbols for each case, which have taken the basic Traffic light and signs, and developed them to damaged cases or unreal one, before making the right decision by the learned network, then send an enhanced feedback signal to the driver. The algorithm consisted of accurate image processing steps, with two long stages of full contents features extraction vectors to be handled by Red-Yellow-Green Shallow and Deep Back Propagation Neural Networks (SBPNN) and (DBPNN) for each complex case. As a result, the algorithm rated a high accuracy of 100%, which is the most important factor to maintain safety, recoding the true label output as 1-value, with a predicated tested ouput 1.0-value. The suggested system does not replace the driver's one decision, yet it is an enhancing backup classification and recognition system before things move out of control. The feedback signal calculated based on reducing costs for 2500 iterations with The leas minimum value 000012,and can be developed as a voice signal warning Message, to increase the awareness of the drivers, besides the warning text on the screen.
A Masked Image Modeling Approach to Cyclic Immunoﬂuorescence (CyCIF) Panel Reduction and Marker Imputation

Cyclic Immunoﬂuorescence (CyCIF) has emerged as a powerful technique that can measure multiple biomarkers in a single tissue sample but it is limited in panel size due to technical issues and tissue loss. We develop a computational model that imputes a surrogate in silico high-plex CyCIF from only a few experimentally measured biomarkers by learning co-expression and morphological patterns at the single-cell level. The reduced panel is optimally designed to enable full reconstruction of an expanded marker panel that retains the information from the original panel necessary for downstream analysis. Using a masked image modeling approach based on the self-supervised training objective of reconstructing full images at the single-cell level, we demonstrate signiﬁcant performance improvement over previous attempts on the breast cancer tissue microarray dataset. Our approach offers users access to a more extensive set of biomarkers beyond what has been experimentally measured. It also allows for allocating resources toward exploring novel biomarkers and facilitates greater cell type differentiation and disease characterization. Additionally, it can handle assay failures such as low-quality markers, technical noise, and/or tissue loss in later rounds as well as artiﬁcially upsample to include additional panel markers.
Group safety climate in the construction industry: An analysis of strength and level

Much safety climate research has focused on the organization as the unit of analysis. However, using the organization as the level of analysis can mask important sub-unit differences. Workgroups in the Australian construction industry have been found to demonstrate significant within group homogeneity and between-group variation in safety climate. In particular, subcontracted work groups are reported to develop unique and variable safety climates. A typology of group-level safety climates is developed, based on the combination of climate level and climate strength.
Information and commuters behaviour: a comparative analysis

In this paper, the authors examine potential impacts of road transport information on the performance of transport systems, especially in terms of congestion. The possible effects of information presented to commuting drivers on network performance is investigated. The study is based on behavioral data collected by three questionnaires in Sweden and Israel. The international comparative nature of the study is also aimed to identify differences in both travelers needs and responses to road traffic information between countries. The paper reports on the pre-simulation phase of the study. It is a two-stage phase which (a) identifies discriminating factors between commuters who change and commuters who do not change their travel behavior due to information, and (b) uses the identified factors in a causal model to estimate the effect of information on commuting drivers' route choice.
Promoting Silicon Valleys in Latin America: Lessons from Costa Rica

1. Introduction: Searching for Sustainable Development Models in Latin America 2. Theoretical Background 3. Building ICT Clusters in Latin America: The Costa Rican Experience 4. From Foreign Direct Investment to Multinational Corporations' Networks with Local Firms 5. Financial Networks: Investors Networks in the Costa Rican Cluster 6. Networks of Costa Rican ICT Producers: Local Rivalries in a Small Market 7. Innovation Networks: Linking Academia and the Private Sector 8. Local Companies' Networks with Firms Located Abroad: Building Transnational Social Ties 9. Conclusion
Trade Strategy Pillars for South Sudan

Trade Policy Note prepared for presentation at an IGC-World Bank workshop to be held in Juba on April 25, 2013. I thank and Alan Gelb and Richard Newfarmer for insightful comments on a first draft as well as from participants at a seminar in Juba on April 26.
Systemic sclerosis, myositis and related syndromes-aetiology, pathogenesis and animal models

Conclusion: The DIAPS might be a valid score system for the assessment of APS-related damage and QoL. REFERENCES: [1] Miyakis S, Lockshin MD, et al. International consensus statement on an update of the classification criteria for definite antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). J Thromb Haemost 2006;4:295–306. [2] Grika EP, Ziakas PD, et al. Morbidity, mortality, and organ damage in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome. J Rheumatol 2012;39:516–523. [3] Amigo MC, Goycochea-Robles M V. et al. Development and initial validation of a damage index (DIAPS) in patients with thrombotic antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). Lupus 2015;24:927–934.
LUMINATO FESTIVAL: TORONTO’S ANSWER TO THE CRISIS OF SPACE AND PLACE FOR CITIZENS

Dragan Klaic, a leading researcher on festivals in Europe, believes the new emerging purpose of festivals is that they"increasingly… are not just artistic packages with appealing and valued content but instruments to re-examine the urban dynamics, … within the city space. …[F]estivals challenge the habitual pathways and perceptions…. In the urban space, functionally dominated by housing and consumerism, festivals reaffirm the public sphere in its civic dimension, including polemic, debate, critique and collective passion for a certain art form or topic. … [F]estivals appear as a precious force to mark the perimeters of the public sphere, upgrade it by the concentration of creative gestures and their collective appreciation"(202-203). Klaic captures a theme of central importance, one that has been debated already within the context of broadcast media, the Internet and newspaper industry, but that still has yet to be thoroughly explored by theorists within the context of the cultural sphere of festivals: the public sphere. Specifically, because of the nature of festivals as a spatiotemporal event within the physical space of the city, and because political, socioeconomic as well as artistic-cultural spaces intersect the festival event, festivals areunique points of convergence in the context of the public sphere.