Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Recurrent/Persistent Glioblastoma: Complete Response and 24 Years Disease-free Survival in a 45-Year-Old Female Treated with Antineoplastons (Successful Treatment of Glioblastoma with Antineoplastons)

Rationale: Glioblastoma (GBM), which accounts for 48% of all malignant central nervous system (CNS) tumors and 57% of gliomas, has a very poor prognosis. Patients with recurrent/persistent GBM after standard therapy usually die within six months. The case of an adult female with a recurrent/ persistent GBM is presented here to detail/discuss the efficacy of ANP therapy (Antineoplaston A10 {Atengenal} and Antineoplaston AS2-1 {Astugenal}) in the treatment of this disease. Objectives: This patient was treated at the Burzynski Clinic (BC), as a Compassionate Exemption (CE) according to the Phase II Protocol, BT-20, which utilized ANP therapy in the treatment of patients with GBMs. ANP therapy was delivered via subclavian catheter and infusion pump and then by mouth. Tumor response was measured by sequential magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain utilizing gadolinium enhancement. Findings: This patient was diagnosed with GBM of the right temporoparietal region in May 1997, at age 45, and underwent two surgical resections, radiation therapy (RT), and gamma knife ablation elsewhere. At age 46 years and eight months, she presented to the BC with recurrent/ persistent disease. She complained of weakness, dizziness, short-term memory loss, and nausea. She had difficulty speaking and walked with assistance due to discoordination and left-sided weakness. Baseline brain MRI at the BC revealed a measurable enhancing nodule in the surgical bed. ANP therapy was initiated in August 1998 and the patient achieved a complete response (CR) within five months. Now, 24 years later, the patient is doing well and showing no evidence of tumor recurrence. Conclusions: The utilization of ANP therapy to obtain a cure in a patient with recurrent/persistent GBM is presented. We conclude that ANP therapy is an attractive therapeutic option for adults with a GBM who are ineligible for or refuse standard therapy or demonstrate recurrent/persistent disease after standard therapy. We present here the successful use of ANP therapy (Antineoplaston A10 {Atengenal} and Antineoplaston AS2-1 {Astugenal}) in the treatment of recurrent/persistent GBM in a 46 year and eight-month-old female, initially diagnosed at age 45 and treated with gross total resection, radiation therapy (RT), gamma knife ablation of recurrent tumor, and subsequent right lobectomy elsewhere. We also present the use of targeted therapy in the treatment of GBM, including our own preliminary results.
Influence of quantum confinement on the electronic structure of the transition metal sulfide T S 2

Bulk MoS${}_{2}$, a prototypical layered transition-metal dichalcogenide, is an indirect band gap semiconductor. Reducing its slab thickness to a monolayer, MoS${}_{2}$ undergoes a transition to the direct band semiconductor. We support this experimental observation by first-principle calculations and show that quantum confinement in layered $d$-electron dichalcogenides results in tuning the electronic structure. We further studied the properties of related $T$S${}_{2}$ nanolayers ($T=$ W, Nb, Re) and show that the isotopological WS${}_{2}$ exhibits similar electronic properties, while NbS${}_{2}$ and ReS${}_{2}$ remain metallic independent of the slab thickness.
The XMM-Newton survey of the Small Magellanic Cloud: a new X-ray view of the symbiotic binary SMC 3

Context. The XMM-Newton survey of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) was performed to study the population of X-ray sources in this neighbouring galaxy. During one of the observations, the symbiotic binary SMC 3 was found at its highest X-ray luminosity as observed until now. Aims. In SMC 3 wind accretion from a giant donor star onto a white dwarf is believed to cause steady hydrogen burning on the white dwarf surface, making such systems candidates for supernova type Ia progenitors. It was suggested that the X-ray source is eclipsed every ~4.5 years by both the companion star and its stellar wind to explain the large X-ray variability seen in ROSAT data. We use the available X-ray data to test this scenario. Methods. We present the ~20 year X-ray light curve of SMC 3 and study the spectral evolution as seen with XMM-Newton/EPIC-pn to investigate possible scenarios which can reproduce the high X-ray variability. Results. We did not find any significant variations in the photo-electric absorption, as would be expected during eclipse ingress and egress. Instead, the X-ray spectra from different intensity levels, when modelled by black-body emission, can be better explained by variations either in normalisation (by a factor of ~50) or in temperature (kT between 24 eV and 34 eV). The light curve shows maxima and minima with slow transitions between them. Conclusions. To explain the gradual variations in the X-ray light curve and to avoid changes in absorption by neutral gas, a predominant part of the stellar wind must be ionised by the X-ray source. Compton scattering with variable electron column density (of the order of 5 × 10 24 cm -2 ) along the line of sight could then be responsible for the intensity changes. The X-ray variability of SMC 3 could also be caused by temperature changes in the hydrogen-burning envelope of the white dwarf, an effect that could even dominate if the stellar wind density is not sufficiently high.
Extraction of the Electromagnetic Parameters of a Metamaterial Using the Nicolson–Ross–Weir Method: An Analysis Based on Global Analytic Functions and Riemann Surfaces

The characterization of electromagnetic metamaterials (MMs) plays a fundamental role in their engineering processes. To this end, the Nicolson–Ross–Weir (NRW) method is intensively used to recover the effective parameters of MMs, even though this is affected by the branch ambiguity problem. In this paper, we face this issue in the context of global analytic functions and Riemann surfaces. This point of view allows us to rigorously demonstrate the mathematical foundations of an algorithmic approach for avoiding the branch ambiguity problem, in which the phase unwrapping method is merged with K-K relations for recovering the effective parameters of an MM. In addition, exploiting the intimate relationship between the K-K relations and the Hilbert transform, a simple variant of the above algorithm is presented.
Galactic cold cores - V. Dust opacity

Context. The project Galactic Cold Cores has carried out Herschel photometric observations of interstellar clouds where the Planck satellite survey has located cold and compact clumps. The sources represent different stages of cloud evolution from starless clumps to protostellar cores and are located in different Galactic environments. Aims. We examine this sample of 116 Herschel fields to estimate the submillimetre dust opacity and to search for variations that might be attributed to the evolutionary stage of the sources or to environmental factors, including the location within the Galaxy. Methods. The submillimetre dust opacity was derived from Herschel data, and near-infrared observations of the reddening of background stars are converted into near-infrared optical depth. We investigated the systematic errors affecting these parameters and used modelling to correct for the expected biases. The ratio of 250 μm and J band opacities is correlated with the Galactic location and the star formation activity. We searched for local variations in the ratio τ(250 μm)/τ(J) using the correlation plots and opacity ratio maps. Results. We find a median ratio of τ(250 μm) /τ(J) = (1.6 ± 0.2) × 10^(-3), which is more than three times the mean value reported for the diffuse medium. Assuming an opacity spectral index β = 1.8 instead of β = 2.0, the value would be lower by ~ 30%. No significant systematic variation is detected with Galactocentric distance or with Galactic height. Examination of the τ(250 μm) /τ(J) maps reveals six fields with clear indications of a local increase of submillimetre opacity of up to τ(250 μm) /τ(J) ~ 4 × 10^(-3) towards the densest clumps. These are all nearby fields with spatially resolved clumps of high column density. Conclusions. We interpret the increase in the far-infrared opacity as a sign of grain growth in the densest and coldest regions of interstellar clouds.
Interference in transport through double barriers in interacting quantum wires

We investigate interference effects of the backscattering current through a double-barrier structure in an interacting quantum wire attached to noninteracting leads. Depending on the interaction strength and the location of the barriers, the backscattering current exhibits different oscillation and scaling characteristics with the applied voltage in the strong and weak interaction cases. However, in both cases, the oscillation behaviors of the backscattering current are mainly determined by the quantum mechanical interference due to the existence of the double barriers.
Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura: A Case Report

Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura also known as Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura or ITP, is an autoimmune disorder characterised by accelerated destruction and suboptimal platelet production that leads to reduced peripheral blood platelet counts. Females have a higher incidence than in Males with the ratio of 3:1. Here we present a case of 68-year-old female, with complaints of purpuric spots, ecchymosis, discolouration of tongue and history of melena. The treatment is initiated with IV dose of Corticosteroids followed by platelet infusions. Steroid dose must be tapered after one month of treatment schedule. Splenectomy is preferred in severe cases. ITP occurs because of platelet destruction abruptly by complex mechanisms in the immune system.
Intrinsic spin-orbit coupling in superconducting delta-doped SrTiO3 heterostructures

We report the violation of the Pauli limit due to intrinsic spin-orbit coupling in SrTiO3 heterostructures. Via selective doping down to a few nanometers, a two-dimensional superconductor is formed, geometrically suppressing orbital pair-breaking. The spin-orbit scattering is exposed by the robust in-plane superconducting upper critical field, exceeding the Pauli limit by a factor of 4. Transport scattering times several orders of magnitude higher than for conventional thin film superconductors enables a new regime to be entered, where spin-orbit coupling effects arise non-perturbatively.
Discovery of two new fast X-ray transients with INTEGRAL: IGR J03346+4414 and IGR J20344+3913

We report on the discovery of two fast X-ray transients (FXTs) from analysis of archival INTEGRAL data. Both are characterized by a remarkable hard X-ray activity above 20? keV, in terms of duration (? 15 and 30 min, respectively), peak flux (? 10? 9? erg? cm? 2 s? 1) and dynamic range (? 2400 and 1360, respectively). Swift/X-ray telescope follow-up observations failed to detect any quiescent or low-level soft X-ray emission from either of the two FXTs, providing an upper limit of the order of a few times 10? 12? erg? cm? 2 s? 1. The main spectral and temporal Imager on Board INTEGRAL Satellite (IBIS)/INTEGRAL Soft Gamma-Ray Imager (ISGRI) characteristics are presented and discussed with the aim of inferring possible hints on their nature.
A Baker's Dozen of Top Antimicrobial Stewardship Intervention Publications for Hospitalized Patients in 2021

Abstract Keeping abreast of the antimicrobial stewardship–related articles published each year is challenging. The Southeastern Research Group Endeavor (SERGE-45) identified antimicrobial stewardship–related, peer-reviewed literature that detailed an “actionable” intervention among hospitalized populations during 2021. The top 13 publications were selected using a modified Delphi technique. These manuscripts were reviewed to highlight “actionable” interventions used by antimicrobial stewardship programs in hospitalized populations to capture potentially effective strategies for local implementation.
Automated Error Correction For Generalized Bell States

A procedure is developed to automatically correct the bit flip and the arbitrary phase change errors in Generalized Bell states (GBS). The phase and parity characteristics of the GBS are encoded in ancilla bits without altering the state under consideration. The same information is then used to correct the state at a different point, through appropriate unitrary control operations. It is also shown that the distributed/indirect measurements on ancilla can yield the error syndrome. The restricted error correction circuit obtained for N-qubit entangled states of the Bell type, are generalized for the corresponding higher dimensions, thus opening up the possibility of designing of task specific error correction circuits.
A single-leg standing test evaluation system for fall prevention in workers

This paper developed a simple and quantitative evaluation system for a single-leg standing test. The proposed method represents the stand-up motion as a state transition model by quantitative measurement using a camera with a depth sensor (Azure Kinect) and a force plate. It objectively evaluates the movement of each state. In the experiment using the prototype, the evaluation results by the system and the skilled athletic trainer were the same for all subjects, and the shape of the radar chart was different among the subjects whose evaluation scores were the same. The results show that the proposed system can be quantitative evaluation even at worksites without skilled evaluators. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Finite-Time Extended State Observe Based Fault Tolerant Control for Autonomous Underwater Vehicle with Unknown Thruster Fault

This paper investigates the problem of fault tolerant control (FTC) for autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) with multiple thrusters in the presence of current disturbances, thruster faults, and modelling uncertainty. This paper focuses on the problems of reducing the energy consumption caused by the chattering of control signals and improving the tracking accuracy of an AUV operating in deep-sea environments. In view of the problem of large energy consumption in some other methods, a fault tolerant control method for multiple-thruster AUVs based on a finite-time extended state observer (FTESO) is proposed. More specifically, a FTESO based on an integral sliding mode surface is designed to estimate the generalized uncertainty compounded using current disturbances, thruster faults, and modelling uncertainty. The fast finite-time uniformly ultimately bounded stability of the proposed FTESO is analyzed. Then, based on the estimated value of FTESO, an FTC method based on non-singular fast terminal sliding mode surfaces is developed for AUVs. The finite-time convergence of the closed-loop control system is proved theoretically. In this design, two different sliding mode surfaces are used to design FTESO and FTC, in order to avoid the appearance of singularities. Moreover, a parameter adjustment method is designed to improve tracking accuracy. Finally, comparative numerical simulations show that the proposed control scheme is effective at reducing energy consumption and improving tracking accuracy.
Crossover between silicene and ultra-thin Si atomic layers on Ag(111) surfaces

We report on total-energy electronic structure calculations in the density-functional theory performed for the ultra-thin atomic layers of Si on Ag(111) surfaces. We find several distinct stable silicene structures: 3 × 3 ? > , 3 × 3, 7 × 7 ? > with the thickness of Si increasing from monolayer to quad-layer. The structural bistability and tristability of the multilayer silicene structures on Ag surfaces are obtained, where the calculated transition barriers infer the occurrence of the flip-flop motion at low temperature. The calculated scanning tunneling microscope (STM) images agree well with the experimental observations. We also find the stable existence of 2 × 1 π-bonded chain and 7 × 7 dimer-adatom-stacking fault Si(111)-surface structures on Ag(111), which clearly shows the crossover of silicene-silicon structures for the multilayer Si on Ag surfaces. We further find the absence of the Dirac states for multilayer silicene on Ag(111) due to the covalent interactions of the silicene-Ag interface and Si-Si interlayer. Instead, we find a new state near the Fermi level composed of π orbitals located on the surface layer of 3 × 3 ? > multilayer silicene, which satisfies the hexagonal symmetry and exhibits the linear energy dispersion. By examining the electronic properties of 2 × 1 π-bonded chain structures, we find that the surface-related π states of multilayer Si structures are robust on Ag surfaces.
Microwave-stimulated Raman adiabatic passage in a Bose-Einstein condensate on an atom chip

We report the achievement of stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) in the microwave frequency range between internal states of a Bose-Einstein condensate magnetically trapped in the vicinity of an atom chip. The STIRAP protocol used in this experiment is robust to external perturbations as it is an adiabatic transfer and power efficient as it involves only resonant (or quasiresonant) processes. Taking into account the effect of losses and collisions in a nonlinear Bloch equations model, we show that the maximum transfer efficiency is obtained for nonzero values of the one- and two-photon detunings, which is confirmed quantitatively by our experimental measurements.
RADIO CONTINUUM OBSERVATIONS OF LOCAL STAR-FORMING GALAXIES USING THE CALTECH CONTINUUM BACKEND ON THE GREEN BANK TELESCOPE

We observed radio continuum emission in 27 local (D < 70 Mpc) star-forming galaxies with the Robert C. Byrd Green Bank Telescope between 26 GHz and 40 GHz using the Caltech Continuum Backend. We obtained detections for 22 of these galaxies at all four sub-bands and four more marginal detections by taking the average flux across the entire bandwidth. This is the first detection (full or marginal) at these frequencies for 22 of these galaxies. We fit spectral energy distributions (SEDs) for all of the four sub-band detections. For 14 of the galaxies, SEDs were best fit by a combination of thermal free–free and nonthermal synchrotron components. Eight galaxies with four sub-band detections had steep spectra that were only fit by a single nonthermal component. Using these fits, we calculated supernova rates, total number of equivalent O stars, and star formation rates within each ∼23″ beam. For unresolved galaxies, these physical properties characterize the galaxies' recent star formation on a global scale. We confirm that the radio–far-infrared correlation holds for the unresolved galaxies' total 33 GHz flux regardless of their thermal fractions, though the scatter on this correlation is larger than that at 1.4 GHz. In addition, we found that for the unresolved galaxies, there is an inverse relationship between the ratio of 33 GHz flux to total far-infrared flux and the steepness of the galaxy's spectral index between 1.4 GHz and 33 GHz. This relationship could be an indicator of the timescale of the observed episode of star formation.
Performance improvement of microbial fuel cells through assembling anodes modified with nanoscale materials

In microbial fuel cell (MFC), the anode is the carrier of microbial attachment and growth, and its material and surface structure play a vital role in MFC electricity generation. Therefore, anode surface optimization is an effective way to improve MFC performance. Although the power generation of bacteria has been confirmed and studied as early as the beginning of the 20th century, up to now, MFC still has the extremely challenging problem of low current and low power output in practical application. To improve the performance of MFC, several strategies have been applied to enhance the bacterial extracellular electron transfer. One promising technology is the genetic engineering approach, and some outstanding research results have been obtained. Another effective strategy is to design and fabricate a high-performance electrode because anode material is the essential factor affecting MFC performance, which provides surface active sites for microbial adhesion, reproduction and interfacial electron transfer. At present, the MFC anodes mainly include carbon-based electrodes and a variety of metal electrodes, but untreated anodes have always been unable to overcome the obstacle of low power output. Anode modification, a common and effective method, is employed for improving the power output of MFC. For this reason, this review is primarily focused on the applications of various anode materials and its nanoscale modification in the field of MFC, including the influence of different anode materials on the power output of MFC, and analyzes the reasons why anode modification enhances output performance. Furthermore, the influence of anode research on the practical application of MFC in the future is prospected.
THE SL2S GALAXY-SCALE LENS SAMPLE. III. LENS MODELS, SURFACE PHOTOMETRY, AND STELLAR MASSES FOR THE FINAL SAMPLE

We present Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaging data and Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope (CFHT) near-infrared ground-based images for the final sample of 56 candidate galaxy-scale lenses uncovered in the CFHT Legacy Survey as part of the Strong Lensing in the Legacy Survey project. The new images are used to perform lens modeling, measure surface photometry, and estimate stellar masses of the deflector early-type galaxies (ETGs). Lens modeling is performed on the HST images (or CFHT when HST is not available) by fitting the spatially extended light distribution of the lensed features assuming a singular isothermal ellipsoid mass profile and by reconstructing the intrinsic source light distribution on a pixelized grid. Based on the analysis of systematic uncertainties and comparison with inference based on different methods, we estimate that our Einstein radii are accurate to ∼3%. HST imaging provides a much higher success rate in confirming gravitational lenses and measuring their Einstein radii than CFHT imaging does. Lens modeling with ground-based images, however, when successful, yields Einstein radius measurements that are competitive with space-based images. Information from the lens models is used together with spectroscopic information from companion Paper IV to classify the systems, resulting in a final sample of 39 confirmed (grade A) lenses and 17 promising candidates (grade B,C). This represents an increase of half an order of magnitude in sample size with respect to the sample of confirmed lenses studied in Papers I and II. The Einstein radii of the confirmed lenses in our sample span the range 5–15 kpc and are typically larger than those of other surveys, probing the mass in regions where the dark matter contribution is more important. Stellar masses are in the range 1011–1012 M☉, covering the range of massive ETGs. The redshifts of the main deflector span a range 0.3 ⩽ zd ⩽ 0.8, which nicely complements low-redshift samples like the Sloan Lens ACS survey and thus provides an excellent sample for the study of the cosmic evolution of the mass distribution of ETGs over the second half of the history of the universe.
Holes and cracks in rigid foam films

The classical problem of foam film rupture dynamics has been investigated when the film interfaces exhibit very high rigidity due to the presence of specific surfactants. Two new features are reported. First, a strong deviation from the well-known Taylor–Culick law is observed. Second, crack-like patterns can be visualized in the film; these patterns are shown to appear at a well-defined film shrinkage. The key role of surface-active material on these features is quantitatively investigated, pointing to the importance of surface elasticity to describe these fast dynamical processes and thus providing an alternative tool to characterize surface elasticity in conditions extremely far from equilibrium. The origin of the cracks and their consequences on film rupturing dynamics are also discussed.