Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CIRCULATING CXC-CHEMOKINE CONCENTRATIONS IN A MURINE INTESTINAL ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION MODEL

Background: CXC-chemokines bearing the glutamic acid-leucine-arginine (ELR) motif (ELR+CXC chemokines) are potent neutrophil chemoattractants and hence may play a role in mucosal injury seen with intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). Methods: Serum concentrations of ELR+ CXC chemokines (keratinocyte-derived chemokine(KC)/CXC ligand (CXCL) 1, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-2/CXCL 2/3, lipopolysaccharide-induced CXC chemokine (LIX)/CXCL5, and lungkine/CXCL15) were measured in a murine intestinal I/R model. Fifteen 4-week-old wild-type mice were studied in three subgroups: sham, ischemia (superior mesenteric artery [SMA] clamping for 60 min) and ischemia-reperfusion (SMA clamping for 60 min followed by reperfusion for 90 min). Results: Concentrations of KC/CXCL1 and MIP-2/CXCL2/3 in sham-treated animals (145 ± 123 and 107 ± 55 pg/mL, respectively) and the ischemia subgroup (646 ± 413 and 226 ± 129 pg/mL) were similar, but concentrations were significantly higher with reperfusion (6398 ± 2297, p < .001 and 874 ± 790 pg/mL, p = .04). LIX/CXCL5 and lungkine/CXCL15 concentrations did not change significantly with ischemia or following I/R. KC/CXCL1 and MIP-2/CXCL2/3 concentrations correlated positively with the severity of mucosal injury and with each other, whereas a negative relationship was observed between LIX/CXCL5 concentrations and microscopic injury scores. Conclusions: Development of mucosal injury in intestinal I/R is associated with increased serum concentrations of KC/CXCL1 and MIP-2/CXCL2/3, but not with those of LIX/CXCL5 and lungkine/CXCL15.
Achieving Energy E ciency Using Tra c Grooming in WDM Networks

3 Energy E ciency using Tra c Grooming 9 3.1 Why Tra c Grooming . 9 3.2 Algorithms . 10 3.2. 1 RWA and Tra c Grooming . 10 3.2. 2 Power Aware Provisioning (PAP) . 10 3.2. 3 LUB and RSB . 11 3.2. 4 TATG . 12 3.3 Methodologies/Approaches . 14 3.3.1 Power Consumption Analysis . 14 3.3.2 IP-BG . 15 3.3.3 ILP . 16 3.3. 4 Auxiliary Graph . 19
The morphometry of the cavernous part of the internal carotid artery.

BACKGROUND In the study; the morphometric evaluation of internal carotid artery (ICA) was studied in order to show the differences in between the age groups and gender. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the study, descriptive measurements of intercarotid distance on the CT of 173 (88 male [M], 85 female [F]) patients and the intercavernous distance on magnetic resonance images (MRIs) of 49 (19M, 30F) individuals were reviewed. RESULTS Intercarotid distance is found to be close to the border of statistical significance and for results of the comparative measurements that were performed in the study; no significant sex-associated difference was observed for the distance between the gender and midpoint of the sella turcica and medial margin of the right ICA. Compareted to gender, the distance between the base of the sella turcica and the base of the left ICA is found to be closed to of statistical significance. A statistically significant difference was obtained for the distance between the midpoint of sella turcica and medial margin of the left ICA and for the distance between the base of the sella turcica and the base of right ICA. Although it is observed that there is a weak correlation between the age and the distance between midpoint of the sella turcica and medial margin of the right ICA, statistically there is a significant difference between them. CONCLUSIONS Obtained results, planning of surgical interventions are supportive and guilding in terms of prevention of damage of to internal carotid artery in three dimensional thinking and operations.
Underground and Opencast Coal Mining Methods in India: A Comparative Assessment

Coal is one of the most essential resources of a country. It is widely used for power generation and as a raw material in the industries. India ranks third in coal production. However, the country has to import coal in order to meet the rising demand for coal. In India, coal mining is conducted using two methods: underground and opencast methods. The underground method is suitable for extraction of deeper coal seams, whereas opencast method is suitable for shallow coal seams. However, due to less production cost, mechanisation, and less wastage, opencast method dominates in India (93.26% of the total production in the financial year 2016-17). Underground coal production in India shows a declining trend, and several underground mines are closed every year. However, 60% of the total coal production in the world is from underground mines, whereas in India it constitutes only 6.74% in the financial year 2016-17. Thus, underground coal production in India is declining. Due to the large scale extraction of near-surface coal resources by opencast mining, near-surface coal resources will be depleted in future. Moreover, opencast mining has several environmental impacts, which is ignored keeping in view the colossal coal demand of the country. Thus, coal production in India is facing a crisis concerning the production method, environmental impacts and future demand for coal. With this background, this paper has been prepared on the basis of data collected from reports, research papers, and articles. Here, we make an attempt to compare both the mining methods with respect to advantages, disadvantages, environmental impact and feasibility. We also discuss the current and future trends of coal production using both the mining methods. Measures to sustain coal production in India are discussed in the conclusion part.
Parental Concern: Parents Discuss How They Support Their Adolescents Attending Schoolies Events in Australia

ABSTRACT Adolescents who have completed their high school studies converge on coastal areas of Australia annually to celebrate their freedom in events known as “Schoolies. ” The current body of research in relation to Schoolies demonstrates that adolescents consume alcohol and other drugs and engage in sexual activity during these events. Exactly how parents support adolescents in attending these events and how they perceive the Schoolies experience represent major gaps in the literature. To undertake this research, 7 parents were interviewed using a semi-structured approach. Interview transcripts were analyzed using Braun and Clarke’s thematic analysis, with 4 main themes identified: communication, consuming alcohol, peer support, and helping parents to support their adolescents in attending Schoolies. Communication was the main strategy used by parents to talk about Schoolies with their adolescent, with the majority encouraging open communication around drinking alcohol, staying with friends, and instilling correct or moral values into their adolescents in relation to respectful behavior. Parents saw the consumption of alcohol as inevitable and as something they could not control. However, the ramifications of alcohol consumption were the primary concerns for these parents. This study provides a number of insights into the perceptions that parents have about Schoolies events and how they support their adolescent to attend. Parents sought guidance in supporting their adolescent child via educational media and talking to other parents.
Understanding the occupational traveller profile towards malaria prevention enables directed health promotion and preventive practices

Aim/background: Increased migration and expatriation to malaria endemic countries has been appointed as contributing factor to the increasing imported malaria hospitalizations recently observed in Portugal. This study sought to profile this traveller and understand the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) towards malaria prevention as necessary first step to improve and suit risk reduction strategies. Methods: A cross sectional questionnaire based study was conducted at the Lisbon International Airport aiming to characterize the Portuguese occupational traveller to Angola. Travel and travellers’ characteristics associated to not seeking travel health advice and KAP towards malaria were specifically studied. Results: Occupational travellers represented 92,6% (n= 374/404) of the Portuguese travellers to Angola that participated in the survey. The profile found was that of an occupational traveller experienced in developing destinations to urban settings for long periods. The knowledge regarding malaria risk and prevention was good but the same was not observed for preventive practices. Those with chronic health conditions and those living in Angola or both in Portugal and Angola tend not to seek pre-travel medical advice and to be at higher malaria risk, considering their KAP towards malaria. Conclusions: Increasing watchfulness concerning occupational travellers and expatriates need to be in the public health agenda and suited interventions are needed.
Sense of Irony or Perfect Timing: Examining the Research Supporting Proposed e-Learning Changes in Ontario

Only weeks before the 2019 annual meeting of the American Education Research Association (AERA) was held in Toronto, Ontario, the provincial government announced a major reform of education for that province entitled Education that Works for You – Modernizing Classrooms . From an e-learning perspective the proposal called for a centralization of e-learning, a graduation requirement of four e-learning courses, and increase the class size limit for e-learning courses to 35 students. The AERA call for submissions for the 2020 meeting issued a challenge for scholars to ‘connect with organizational leaders to examine collaboratively continuing educational problems. [and] programmatically engaging with educational organizations. ’ This article accepts that challenge and describes a collaboration between scholars and a pan-Canadian organization to examine the research behind each of these proposed e-learning changes. Resume : Quelques semaines seulement avant la tenue de l'assemblee annuelle 2019 de l'American Education Research Association (AERA) a Toronto, en Ontario, le gouvernement provincial a annonce une importante reforme de l'education pour cette province intitulee « L'education qui marche pour vous - Moderniser les classes ». Du point de vue de l'apprentissage en ligne, la proposition preconisait la centralisation de l'apprentissage en ligne, l'obligation d'obtenir un diplome pour quatre cours d'apprentissage en ligne et l'augmentation de la taille maximale des classes pour les cours d'apprentissage en ligne a 35 etudiants. L'appel a soumissions de l'AERA pour la rencontre de 2020 a lance aux chercheurs le defi de " se connecter avec les leaders organisationnels pour examiner de maniere collaborative les problemes educatifs continus. et] s'engager de maniere programmatique avec les organisations educatives. Le present article releve ce defi et decrit une collaboration entre des chercheurs et un organisme pancanadien pour examiner la recherche qui sous-tend chacun des changements proposes concernant l'apprentissage en ligne. En se fondant sur cette collaboration, les auteurs explorent le systeme actuel d'apprentissage en ligne en Ontario et soulignent le manque de details concernant de nombreux aspects de la proposition, ainsi que le manque de recherche sous-tendant les mesures proposees. Mots-cles : surveillance en ligne, apprentissage, test d'anxiete, inquietude, emotivite
Insights into functions and mechanisms of ribosome-associated chaperones from Saccharomyces cerevisiae

II. INTRODUCTION 6 II.1. The ribosome 6 II.1. 1 The homeostasis of ribosomes 7 II.1. 2 The ribosome structure 8 II.1. 3 Ribosomal tunnel exit and ribosome-associated factors 10 II.2 Protein folding 11 II.2. 1 Protein folding in the cell 12 II.2. 2 De novo protein folding: co-vs. post-translational protein folding 13 II.2. 3 Molecular chaperones 15-The Hsp70 family 16-J-protein Hsp40s 17-Nucleotide exchange factors 17 II.3 Ribosome-associated chaperones 19 II.3. 1 Ribosome-associated chaperones and de novo folding in the E. coli cytosol 20 II.3. 2 Ribosome-associated chaperones and de novo folding in the yeast cytosol 22-The nascent chain-associated complex (NAC) 23-The Ssb/Ssz/Zuo chaperone triad 24 The folding of newly synthesized proteins into their native structures is a fundamental but failure prone process and therefore controlled by a network of molecular chaperones to assist and ensure correct protein folding events. Chaperones that guide the folding of newly synthesized proteins in the cytosol are classified into two groups: chaperones that are recruited to the ribosome are the first interaction partners of newborn proteins. They are assumed to protect nascent polypeptides against harmful conditions and to support initial co-translational folding steps, while cytosolic chaperones act subsequently on a subset of newly synthesized proteins to mainly promote post-translational folding steps. Chaperones associating with the ribosome have been found in all kingdoms of life. While the Trigger Factor (TF) is the only known ribosome-associated chaperone in bacteria, two systems exist in yeast and higher eukaryotes. Both systems, the nascent chain-associated complex (NAC) and the yeast tripartite Ssb-system (Ssb/RAC) are unrelated to TF. In contrast to bacterial TF, the functions of ribosome-associated systems in yeast are still barely defined. The Hsp70/40-based Ssb/RAC-system is per definition a canonical chaperone system, however, its precise function and potential substrates are unknown. Moreover, it is unclear whether NAC contributes to the folding network for newly synthesized proteins since that far no function of NAC could be unambiguously assigned. This work adds to the knowledge about ribosome-associated chaperones in yeast and focuses on the functions and mechanisms of NAC and the Ssb/RAC-system during de novo protein folding. Genetic surveys were combined with biochemical approaches in order to gain insights into the complex cytosolic chaperone network of eukaryotes. The key-results are summarized below: • The first main contribution of this study is the finding that the Ssb-system functionally cooperates with NAC in co-translational protein folding in vivo. Simultaneous deletions of genes encoding NAC and Ssb caused a severe synthetic sickness …
The cerebral ganglia of the embryo of rana pipiens

Introduction . Material. The trigemino-facial complex. The glossopharyngeal ganglion. 464 The lateralis IX ganglion. 466 The vagus ganglia. 467 The dorsal 1atera.lis X. 468 The ventral lateralis X. 470 The general somatic X (jugular). 472 The second visceralis X. 473 Branchialis X, or first vise Summary and discussion. Literature cited. 481 .
Intra-Life Cycle Information Transfers

We investigate the presence of a shared life cycle component in earnings and test whether the earnings of one firm are relevant for valuing other firms in the same life cycle stage. We find that firm-pairs in the same life cycle stage have greater accounting comparability and greater comovement in their returns, operating performance, and investments than firm-pairs consisting of firms in different life cycle stages. We further document economically significant transfers of information from announcing firms to non-announcing life cycle peers around an announcing firm’s earnings announcement. The magnitudes are comparable to that of intra-industry information transfers and do not depend on whether the life cycle peers are also active in the same industry. In contrast, we find that intra-industry information transfers are smaller for industry peers in different life cycle stages. Information transfers are stronger for life cycle peers that have greater (transient) institutional cross-holdings, suggesting that institutional trading is an important mechanism by which life cycle information spills over. Overall, this study provides insight into the factors that shape a firm’s earnings generation process and investors’ use of such factors. Furthermore, this study complements prior literature on firm life cycle by providing additional evidence on the importance of life cycle in the valuation process. We would like to thank Frank Moers, Melissa Martin, Shiwon Song (discussant), and workshop participants at the 2019 EAA Annual Congress, Maastricht University, and the University of Illinois at Chicago for their helpful feedback and suggestions. Teri Yohn acknowledges the generous support of the Conrad Prebys Professorship. Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3436737 1 “Skilled analysts must view companies from a perspective that identifies where they stand in their life cycle, realizing that companies refusing to ‘act their age’ can destroy value. ” (Aswath Damodaran)
Economic and Financial Costs of Saving Water and Energy: Preliminary Analysis for Hidalgo County Irrigation District No. 2 (San Juan) – Replacement of Pipeline Units I-7A, I-18, and I-22

vi
The Immunohistochemical Expression of SOX-10 in Urothelial Carcinoma and the Non Neoplastic Urothelium; and a Correlation with the Tumor Features

Objective: Evaluation of SOX-10 expression in malignant urothelial cells, comparing it with the phenotypically non neoplastic urothelium, and correlating it with the various clinicopathological variables, with a focus on the invasive pattern. Methods: Eighty paraffin blocks of urothelial carcinoma were stained by H&E. Histopathological features were evaluated and then immunostained with SOX-10 to evaluate its expression. Results: The evaluation of SOX-10 expression in urothelial carcinoma, revealed a high grade of SOX-10 expression in the malignant urothelium (43\80 cases; 53.7%), while the adjacent the non neoplastic urothelium expressed high SOX-10 in (12\42 case; 28.6%). Correlation of SOX-10 score with the various variables revealed a statistically significant correlation with the gross shape (P value=0.002), the tumor grade ((P value=0.009), the muscle invasion by the tumor ((P value=0.004), the tumor T stage, (P-value <0.001), N stage (P value=0.003), associated Schistoma hematobium infestation (P-value =0.016), and the presence of vascular tumor emboli (P-value =0.009). It was statistically insignificant with the gender, the anatomical site, and the perineural tumor invasion. Correlating the mean of SOX-10 score with some tumor features revealed a statistically significant correlation with the muscle invasion by the tumor, Tumor grade, T stage, and non neoplastic urothelium; P-value <0.001 each and N stage P value=0.006. Conclusion: SOX-10 is overexpressed in urothelial carcinoma and it was also detected in a significant part of the surrounding non neoplastic urothelium, which may contribute to understanding its role in multistep urothelial carcinogenesis as transcription or tumor-promoting factor, thus it could be used in future trials for specific targeted therapy.
Tropospheric Expansion Under Global Warming Reduces Tropical Lower Stratospheric Ozone

In response to global warming, ozone is predicted to increase aloft due to stratospheric cooling but decrease in the tropical lower stratosphere. The ozone reductions have been primarily attributed to a strengthening Brewer‐Dobson circulation, which upwells ozone‐poor air. Yet, this paper finds that strengthening upwelling only explains part of the reduction. The reduction is also driven by tropospheric expansion under global warming, which erodes the ozone layer from below, the low ozone anomalies from which are advected upwards. Strengthening upwelling and tropospheric expansion are correlated under global warming, making it challenging to disentangle their relative contributions. Therefore, chemistry‐climate model output is used to validate an idealized model of ozone photochemistry and transport with a tropopause lower boundary condition. In our idealized decomposition, strengthening upwelling and tropospheric expansion both contribute at leading order to reducing tropical ozone. Tropospheric expansion drives bottom‐heavy reductions in ozone, which decay in magnitude into the mid‐stratosphere.
On Singletonness of Remotal and Uniquely Remotal Sets

Abounded subset T of ametric space (X, ρ) is said to be remotal (uniquely remotal) if for each x ∈ X there exists at least one (exactly one) t ∈ T such that ρ(x, t) = sup{ρ(x, y) : y ∈ T}. Such a point t is called a farthest point to x in T. In this paper, we discuss properties of remotal and uniquely remotal sets and, conditions under which remotal and uniquely remotal sets are singleton. The underlying spaces are convex metric spaces or externally convex metric spaces.
MuSK is a BMP co-receptor that shapes BMP responses and calcium signaling in muscle cells

In addition to organizing the neuromuscular junction, the receptor tyrosine kinase MuSK is also a co-receptor for BMPs in developing muscle. Muscles need MuSK twice Muscle-specific kinase (MuSK) is a receptor tyrosine kinase that is required for the formation and maintenance of neuromuscular junctions. Yilmaz et al. found that MuSK also functions as a co-receptor for bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) in myoblasts and in myotubes. MuSK bound to BMPs and BMP receptors in vitro and promoted signaling by BMPs in muscle cells. MuSK promoted the expression of distinct sets of BMP-induced transcripts in myoblasts and myotubes in a manner that was independent of its kinase activity. One of the transcripts stimulated by MuSK-BMP signaling in myoblasts was required for the ability of BMP4 to inhibit intracellular calcium release in response to activation of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. Thus, in addition to playing a critical role in organizing the neuromuscular junction, MuSK also acts as a BMP co-receptor in developing muscles. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) function in most tissues but have cell type–specific effects. Given the relatively small number of BMP receptors, this exquisite signaling specificity requires additional molecules to regulate this pathway’s output. The receptor tyrosine kinase MuSK (muscle-specific kinase) is critical for neuromuscular junction formation and maintenance. Here, we show that MuSK also promotes BMP signaling in muscle cells. MuSK bound to BMP4 and related BMPs with low nanomolar affinity in vitro and to the type I BMP receptors ALK3 and ALK6 in a ligand-independent manner both in vitro and in cultured myotubes. High-affinity binding to BMPs required the third, alternatively spliced MuSK immunoglobulin-like domain. In myoblasts, endogenous MuSK promoted BMP4-dependent phosphorylation of SMADs and transcription of Id1, which encodes a transcription factor involved in muscle differentiation. Gene expression profiling showed that MuSK was required for the BMP4-induced expression of a subset of genes in myoblasts, including regulator of G protein signaling 4 (Rgs4). In myotubes, MuSK enhanced the BMP4-induced expression of a distinct set of genes, including transcripts characteristic of slow muscle. MuSK-mediated stimulation of BMP signaling required type I BMP receptor activity but was independent of MuSK tyrosine kinase activity. MuSK-dependent expression of Rgs4 resulted in the inhibition of Ca2+ signaling induced by the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor in myoblasts. These findings establish that MuSK has dual roles in muscle cells, acting both as a tyrosine kinase–dependent synaptic organizing molecule and as a BMP co-receptor that shapes BMP transcriptional output and cholinergic signaling.