Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Feeding and Nutritional Factors That Affect Somatic Cell Counts in Milk of Sheep and Goats

Simple Summary Milk somatic cells are a sign of udder discomfort and constitute a problem in the process of making cheese from sheep and goats’ milk. Their control, which can be carried out through veterinary means, is also possible through food by administering mineral and vitamin supplements to the animals or by using substances with anti-inflammatory effects, such as polyphenols, or antimicrobial effects, such as essential oils. Abstract The purpose of this quantitative review is to highlight the effects of feeding strategies using some mineral, vitamin, marine oil, and vegetable essential oil supplements and some agri-food by-products to reduce SCCs in the milk of sheep and goats. According to the results, only specific dietary factors at specific doses could reduce SCCs in the milk of dairy sheep and goats. The combination of Se and vitamin E in the diet was more effective in sheep than in goats, while the inclusion of polyphenols, which are also present in food matrices such as agro-industrial by-products, led to better results. Some essential oils can be conveniently used to modulate SCCs, although they can precipitate an off-flavoring problem. This work shows that SCCs are complex and cannot be determined using a single experimental factor, as intramammary inflammation, which is the main source of SC in milk, can manifest in a subclinical form without clinical signs. However, attention to mineral and vitamin supplementation, even in the most difficult cases, such as those of grazing animals, and the use of anti-inflammatory substances directly or through by-products, can improve the nutritional condition of animals and reduce their SCCs, offering undeniable benefits for the milk-processing sector as well.
Political polarization: a curse of knowledge?

Purpose Could the curse of knowledge influence how antagonized we are towards political outgroups? Do we assume others know what we know but still disagree with us? This research investigates how the curse of knowledge may affect us politically, i.e., be a cause of political polarization. Background Research on the curse of knowledge has shown that even when people are incentivized to act as if others do not know what they know, they are still influenced by the knowledge they have. Methods This study consists of five studies consisting of both experimental and non-experimental and within- and between-subjects survey designs. Each study collected samples of 152–1,048. Results Partisans on both sides overestimate the extent to which stories from their news sources were familiar to contrapartisans. Introducing novel, unknown facts to support their political opinion made participants rate political outgroup members more negatively. In an experimental design, there was no difference in judging an opponent who did not know the same issue-relevant facts and someone who did know the same facts. However, when asked to compare those who know to those who do not, participants judged those who do not know more favorably, and their ratings of all issue-opponents were closer to those issue-opponents who shared the same knowledge. In a debiasing experiment, those who received an epistemological treatment judged someone who disagreed more favorably. Conclusion This research provides evidence that the curse of knowledge may be a contributing cause of affective political polarization.
Vacuum CGHS in loop quantum gravity and singularity resolution

We study here a complete quantization of a Callan-Giddings-Harvey-Strominger (CGHS) vacuum model following loop quantum gravity techniques. Concretely, we adopt a formulation of the model in terms of a set of new variables that resemble the ones commonly employed in spherically symmetric loop quantum gravity. The classical theory consists of two pairs of canonical variables plus a scalar and diffeomorphism (first class) constraints. We consider a suitable redefinition of the Hamiltonian constraint such that the new constraint algebra (with structure constants) is well adapted to the Dirac quantization approach. For it, we adopt a polymeric representation for both the geometry and the dilaton field. On the one hand, we find a suitable invariant domain of the scalar constraint operator, and we construct explicitly its solution space. There, the eigenvalues of the dilaton and the metric operators cannot vanish locally, allowing us to conclude that singular geometries are ruled out in the quantum theory. On the other hand, the physical Hilbert space is constructed out of them, after group averaging the previous states with the diffeomorphism constraint. In turn, we identify the standard observable corresponding to the mass of the black hole at the boundary, in agreement with the classical theory. We also construct an additional observable on the bulk associated with the square of the dilaton field, with no direct classical analog.
Light verb semantics in the International Corpus of English: onomasiological variation, identity evidence and degrees of lightness

This study employs corpus semantic techniques to examine the semantics of light verbs and light verb constructions (LVCs) in Singapore English, Hong Kong English and British English via their respective components in the International Corpus of English (ICE; Greenbaum 1996). The study investigates onomasiological variation (see Geeraerts et al. 1994) by identifying selection preferences in natural use between light verb constructions and their related verb alternatives. In addition, identity evidence is forwarded as a valuable corpus semantic tool, in which instances of naturally occurring language data resemble classic identity tests for polysemy. Via a close reading and manual semantic analysis of thousands of instances of light make, take, give and their semantic alternatives, this study finds remarkable consistency across the three varieties of World Englishes (WEs) in onomasiological preferences, even in extremely nuanced features of LVCs. Onomasiological evidence and identity evidence also suggest the new finding that the three light verbs and their constructions exhibit degrees of lightness, and that these degrees of lightness are extremely consistent across regional varieties.
Multimodular Capsule Robot System With Drug Release for Intestinal Treatment

Capsule robots have the potential for intestinal treatment due to their unique advantages compared with traditional diagnosis and treatment. However, current capsule robots can only carry and release one type of drug, while more drugs would be needed during the treatment. In addition, the volume of loaded drugs will be restricted due to the small dimensions of the capsule robot, and released drugs need to be guaranteed to have a sufficient dosage for treatment. In this article, to overcome these limitations, a system was proposed, and the robot consists of a leader robot module and several robot modules. Each robot module can load two types of drugs, and any two robot modules can achieve docking and separations according to the clinical requirements. Laboratory experiments were carried out to evaluate the performance. The experimental results show that the robot modules can move with speeds of 28.5, 25.1, 22.3, and 14.5 mm/s when they load drugs of 0, 0.6, 1.2, and 1.8 g, respectively. Ex vivo experiments demonstrated that two robot modules could dock and separate from each other and release drugs at target positions and did not cause damage to the lining of the intestine. This proposed multidrug modular capsule robot could prove a reference for drug release and control and have the potential for further applications.
Revenue congestion: An application of data envelopment analysis

Congestion is generally used in the economics and indicates a situation where a decrease (increase) in one or more inputs can increase (decrease) one or more outputs. In this paper, we introduce a new concept using data envelopment analysis, and call it revenue congestion. The new concept implies a situation where reduction in some inputs may result in an increase in revenue. This improvement in revenue is rather possible by a simultaneous increase and decrease in outputs due to a reduction in inputs. Then, we try to propose a method to distinguish the revenue congestion and identify its sources and amounts. To illustrate the use of the proposed method, an empirical application corresponding to 30 Iranian bank branches is provided. 16 branches evidence revenue congestion via the proposed approach. This identification is very significant because these branches can increase the revenue of their outputs by eliminating the amounts of revenue congestion in each of their inputs. Moreover, it is found that an increase in all outputs is not always profitable, but rather in some cases a decrease in some outputs and an increase in some other outputs can help the firms to make more profits.
Neurofibromatosis Type 1-Associated Optic Pathway Gliomas: Current Challenges and Future Prospects

Abstract Optic pathway glioma (OPG) occurs in as many as one-fifth of individuals with the neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) cancer predisposition syndrome. Generally considered low-grade and slow growing, many children with NF1-OPGs remain asymptomatic. However, due to their location within the optic pathway, ~20-30% of those harboring NF1-OPGs will experience symptoms, including progressive vision loss, proptosis, diplopia, and precocious puberty. While treatment with conventional chemotherapy is largely effective at attenuating tumor growth, it is not clear whether there is much long-term recovery of visual function. Additionally, because these tumors predominantly affect young children, there are unique challenges to NF1-OPG diagnosis, monitoring, and longitudinal management. Over the past two decades, the employment of authenticated genetically engineered Nf1-OPG mouse models have provided key insights into the function of the NF1 protein, neurofibromin, as well as the molecular and cellular pathways that contribute to optic gliomagenesis. Findings from these studies have resulted in the identification of new molecular targets whose inhibition blocks murine Nf1-OPG growth in preclinical studies. Some of these promising compounds have now entered into early clinical trials. Future research focused on defining the determinants that underlie optic glioma initiation, expansion, and tumor-induced optic nerve injury will pave the way to personalized risk assessment strategies, improved tumor monitoring, and optimized treatment plans for children with NF1-OPG.
Skyrmions: Topological Structures, Properties, and Applications J. Ping Liu, Zhidong Zhang, and Guoping Zhao, Editors

614 MRS BULLETIN • VOLUME 42 • AUGUST 2017 • www.mrs.org/bulletin P Tony Skyrme introduced a topological feature called a skyrmion more than 50 years ago. Recently, skyrmions have drawn a great deal of new attention, not only for the related topology and physics, but also for the potential applications of skyrmions in advanced technology (i.e., high-capacity information storage). Research activities on skyrmions have been booming over the past few years, but there have been no books providing a comprehensive review of the research, until this publication. To my knowledge, this is the fi rst book that covers the concepts and features of magnetic skyrmions in such a systematic and comprehensive manner. The foreword is written by Nobel laureate Albert Fert. The book consists Skyrmions: Topological Structures, Properties, and Applications
A Study on the Influence of Technology Products Introduced Into Green Hotels

Green hotels have become the inevitable trend of the hotel industry development under the background of sustainable development. The questionnaire of this study was modified from the scale of the literature, and the survey was conducted by means of convenience sampling. The respondents were the consumers who had stayed in hotels in the past two years. A total of 566 questionnaires were distributed, and 491 valid questionnaires were collected. The effective recovery rate was 86.7%. The results show that technology products of different learning types have significant influence on tourists' acceptance, and the technostress has significant differences on the acceptance of type of technology products. However, hotel types have no significant impact on technology learning products and tourist acceptance. This study expects to provide the analysis results for the reference of green hotel industry development in order to improve the practical benefits of hotel technology product investment.
Effects of emotionally oriented parental interventions: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective This systematic review and meta-analysis investigates the effects of emotionally oriented parental interventions. Background Several emotionally oriented parental interventions have been developed during the last decade. Some of these have gained popularity and spread across several continents. The literature is growing and consists of qualitative studies; intervention only, quasi-experimental, case-control studies; and randomized controlled trials. They indicate effects for parents and children. However, no systematic review or meta-analysis has, to our knowledge, summarized the results. Method Using several search engines, we located 8,272 studies. After abstract and full-text screening, 33 studies were assessed for bias and included in the study. Outcomes for parents and children were extracted and combined into three constructs for parents and two for children. Meta-analyses were conducted for each construct to estimate the effect of the interventions using a robust Bayes meta-analysis. Results The results indicate the presence of a small to medium effect on parents' mental health, behavior, and use of emotionally oriented parenting, as well as on children's internalizing and externalizing difficulties. Most participants were recruited from the general population, and clinical settings were rare. The results show little evidence of publication bias. Conclusion There is evidence of a small to medium effect of emotionally oriented interventions on parents and children. Systematic review registration https://osf.io/un3q4/.
Pitfalls in Retinal OCT Imaging

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging plays an important role in the management of retinal diseases. However, limitations and pitfalls should be taken into consideration when applying this noninvasive imaging technology. The aim of this review is to discuss several possible sources of error in the conduct and interpretation of OCT imaging.
Statistical Forecast Model for Ice-Related Events in the Arctic

AbstractThis paper presents a statistical ice event forecast model for the Arctic based on Fourier transforms and a mathematical filter. The results indicate that this model compares very well with both a multiple regression model and a human-made forecast. There seems to be a direct link between the period associated with the dominant spectral peak of the Fourier transform and the ease with which the date of events, such as fractures, bergy water, or open water, can be forecast. While useful for the normal timing of events, at this time, none of the current forecast models can predict events that occur before or beyond the usual or historical dates, which poses a forecast problem in the Arctic.
The Influential Antioxidant Role Of Coenzyme Q10 and Dehydroepiandrosterone against Carbon Tetrachloride Induced Liver Damage In Male Rats

This study evaluated the protective role of exogenous CoQ10 and DHEA and their combination on CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity in adult male rats. Thirty adult male rats 225-250 grams, 12-14 weeks old, were used in this study and randomly divided into five equal groups, 6 animals each as in the following: Control group (G1): 6 male rats received DMSO 0.5ml/ animal/day orally, First treated group (T1): 6 male rats received daily CCl4 1ml/kg (1:1 olive oil, IP), Second treated group (T2): 6 male rats received CCl4 1ml/ kg and after 1hour injected daily with CoQ10 200 mg/kg IP, Third treated group (T3): 6 male rats received CCl4 1ml/kg and after 1hour injected daily with DHEA 25 mg/kg IP, Fourth treated group (T4): 6 male rats received CCl4 1ml/kg and after 1hour injected daily with a combination of CoQ10 200 mg/kg + DHEA 25 mg/kg IP. The experiment lasted for 28 successive days. The obtained results illustrated that male rats received CCl4 (1ml/kg) caused a significant increase in hepatic enzyme function AST, ALT and ALP, as well as MDA levels, and caused a significant decrease in antioxidant enzyme activity GPx, SOD and CAT levels. In addition, CCl4 also caused various degrees of liver damage, such as dilation and congestion of the central vein with hemorrhage, apparent fatty degeneration and infiltration of inflammatory cells compared to the control group. Whereas, the group treated with CoQ10 200 mg/kg and DHEA 25 mg/kg showed a significant decrease (P< 0.05) in serum AST, ALT and ALP as well as MDA value, and significantly increased in GPx, SOD with the decline in CAT levels compared to the group treated with CCl4 intoxication. It is also observed from the results that the combination of CoQ10 and DHEA caused a highly significant (P < 0.05) decline in AST, ALT and ALP as well as MDA levels, and a significant elevate in GPx, SOD and decline in CAT, and almost return to average level compared to control. As well as, the histopathological examination of the liver revealed that rats treated with CoQ10 and DHEA and their combination had usual central veins and hepatocytes compared to groups treated with CCl4 due to antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties. It has been concluded that CoQ10 and DHEA have a protective effect against liver damage induced by CCl4 through improving antioxidant enzyme activity in CCl4 treated group leading to a declined MDA level and reduced lipid peroxidation. Thus, CoQ10 and DHEA are potential therapeutic antioxidant agents on hepatotoxicity by suppressing hepatic oxidative stress. Keywords: CoQ10, DHEA, antioxidant, CCl4, hepatic damage, male rat.
Search for squarks and gluinos with the ATLAS detector in final states with jets and missing transverse momentum in Run2

Despite the absence of experimental evidence, weak scale supersymmetry remains one of the best motivated and studied Standard Model extensions. The recent increase in the center of mass energy of the proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13 {\rm TeV}$ gives a unique opportunity to extend the sensitivity to production of supersymmetric particles at the Large Hadron Collider. This paper summarises the latest ATLAS result on inclusive searches for promptly decaying supersymmetric squarks and gluinos in events containing jets, missing transverse momentum and no light lepton using data of $13.3~{\rm fb^{-1}}$.
A Numerical Matrix-Based method in Harmonic Studies in Wind Power Plants

— In the low frequency range, there are some couplings between the positive- and negative-sequence small-signal impedances of the power converter due to the nonlinear and low bandwidth control loops such as the synchronization loop. In this paper, a new numerical method which also considers these couplings will be presented. The numerical data are advantageous to the parametric differential equations, because analysing the high order and complex transfer functions is very difficult, and finally one uses the numerical evaluation methods. This paper proposes a numerical matrix-based method, which is not only able to deal with those mentioned numerical data, but also it is able to consider all couplings between the positive and negative sequences.
Comparison of Two Finite-Permeability Subdomain Models for Surface-Mounted Permanent-Magnet Machines

Subdomain models have been widely used to quickly model the fields and the torque of surface-mounted permanent-magnet machines (SMPMMs). Nevertheless, when magnetic saturation occurs, those models which assume the permeability of the iron parts to be infinite tend to be inaccurate. More recently, two types of models have been developed that take the finite magnetic permeability of the machines into account, but a comparison of those models is still lacking. This article compares two finite-permeability subdomain models of SMPMMs. In the stator teeth and slots of the first model, boundary conditions are used in both radial and tangential directions. In the second model, the permeability change as a function of the angle in the stator slot and teeth is modeled using the Fourier series and the Cauchy product to solve Maxwell’s equations. In this study, the calculation of two different SMPMMs shows that both models can handle machines with low and high numbers of teeth. This study shows that the error of the first model has a low sensitivity to iron permeability and parameter changes, while the accuracy of the second model heavily depends on the iron permeability and parameters. For a higher iron permeability, the second model is less accurate. Both models can achieve high prediction accuracy at a faster calculation speed than the finite element model. The first model needs only a few harmonics to have high accuracy.
Using Byram’s Savoirs to Ensure the Incorporation of Intercultural Communicative Competence into Language Teaching

Although the term “intercultural communicative competence” (ICC) is often used in academic literature, studies indicate that the ICC element is often not included in the actual teaching practices of tertiary institutions. Due to the lack of ICC instruction across the curriculum, foreign language (FL) courses seem to stand out as logical sites for instruction in ICC. FL instructors, however, are not necessarily trained in matters of ICC, and the standard default method of acquiring ICC outside the language class (i.e., study abroad) is clearly not available to all students. In a global society, ICC is relevant for all students. This paper uses Byram’s 1997 savoirs (i.e., competences desirable of the “intercultural speaker”) as a starting point to provide evidence of tried and tested FL teaching practices that reveal ways in which ICC instruction may be incorporated into FL courses even in academic environments in which direct intercultural contact is unlikely. While recognizing the obstacles of teaching ICC in such environments, the study reveals that the inclusion of ICC is not only possible but necessary in them.
Deconvolving mechanisms of particle flux attenuation using nitrogen isotope analyses of amino acids

Particulate organic matter settling out of the euphotic zone is a major sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide and serves as a primary food source to mesopelagic food webs. Degradation of this organic matter encompasses a suite of mechanisms that attenuate flux, including heterotrophic metabolic processes of microbes and metazoans. The relative contributions of microbial and metazoan heterotrophy to flux attenuation, however, have been difficult to determine. We present results of compound specific nitrogen isotope analysis of amino acids of sinking particles from sediment traps and size‐fractionated particles from in situ filtration between the surface and 500 m at Ocean Station Papa, collected during NASA EXPORTS (EXport Processes in the Ocean from RemoTe Sensing). With increasing depth, we observe: (1) that, based on the δ15N values of threonine, fecal pellets dominate the sinking particle flux and that attenuation of downward particle flux occurs largely via disaggregation in the upper mesopelagic; (2) an increasing trophic position of particles in the upper water column, reflecting increasing heterotrophic contributions to the nitrogen pool and the loss of particles via remineralization; and (3) increasing δ15N values of source amino acids in submicron and small (1–6 μm) particles, reflecting microbial particle solubilization. We further employ a Bayesian mixing model to estimate the relative proportions of fecal pellets, phytodetritus, and microbially degraded material in particles and compare these results and our interpretations of flux attenuation mechanisms to other, independent methods used during EXPORTS.