Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A differential emissivity imaging technique for measuring
hydrometeor mass and type

Abstract. The Differential Emissivity Imaging Disdrometer (DEID) is a new evaporation-based optical and thermal instrument designed to measure the mass, size, density, and type of individual hydrometeors and their bulk properties. Hydrometeor spatial dimensions are measured on a heated metal plate using an infrared camera by exploiting the much higher thermal emissivity of water compared with metal. As a melted hydrometeor evaporates, its mass can be directly related to the loss of heat from the hotplate assuming energy conservation across the hydrometeor. The heat-loss required to evaporate a hydrometeor is found to be independent of environmental conditions including ambient wind velocity, moisture level, and temperature. The difference in heat loss for snow versus rain for a given mass offers a method for discriminating precipitation phase. The DEID measures hydrometeors at sampling frequencies up to 1 Hz with masses and effective diameters greater than 1 µg and 200 µm, respectively, determined by the size of the hotplate and the thermal camera specifications. Measurable snow water equivalent (SWE) precipitation rates range from 0.001 to 200 mm h−1, as validated against a standard weighing bucket. Preliminary field-experiment measurements of snow and rain from the winters of 2019 and 2020 provided continuous automated measurements of precipitation rate, snow density, and visibility. Measured hydrometeor size distributions agree well with canonical results described in the literature.
Comparative Efficiency of Phenol Compounds on Certain Biological Aspects of Two Species of Fruit Flies مقارنة کفاءة بعض مرکبات الفينول على بعض الصفات البيولوجية لنوعين من ذباب الفاکهة

The present work was conducted to evaluate the comparative efficiency of certain phenol compounds (Salicylic acid, Benzoic acid, Acetylsalicylic acid and Sodium benzoate) on certain biological aspects of the Mediterranean fruit fly (MFF), Ceratitis capitata and the peach fruit fly (PFF) Bactrocera zonata under laboratory conditions. Salicylic acid and acetylsalicylic acid showed the same record on larval duration of MFF (10.5 days) and lowest record of % pupation of 70.5 and 75.8%, respectively. Also, control recorded the lowest pupal duration 8.1 days and highest average of fecundity (27.9 eggs/female), daily rate of oviposition (11.5 eggs/female/day), the total of deposited eggs of 1628.3, % hatchability 96.7% and longevity of males 27.5 days, whereas sodium benzoate showed the highest average of oviposition period (31.1 days) and high female longevity 35.7 days for MFF. Larval duration of PFF significantly showed the shortest period of 7.6 days and highest % pupation 100% with larval diet treated with sodium benzoate. Control showed the shortest pupal duration 7.8 days and highest average of fecundity (22.8 eggs/female), daily rate of oviposition (8.6 eggs/female/day), the total of deposited eggs of 1454.7, % hatchability of 92.3% and longevity of males (45.1 days). But, sodium benzoate showed the highest period of oviposition 38.8 days and females longevity 54.5 days.
RANCANG BANGUN APLIKASI SISTEM PAKAR BERBASIS PROGRESSIVE WEB APPS UNTUK REKOMENDASI PEMILIHAN PROGRAM STUDI

Memiliki tingkat pendidikan yang tinggi adalah impian setiap orang, karena dengan pendidikan yang tinggi seseorang akan memiliki kompetensi dan kemampuan sesuai bidangnya. Program studi merupakan sesuatu yang harus dipilih seseorang untuk belajar di perguruan tinggi. Pemilihan program studi merupakan langkah awal yang penting, karena itu menentukan apa yang akan dipelajari kedepannya. Namun pada kenyataannya keputusan yang diambil dalam memilih program studi sering kali menyebabkan masalah, karena program studi yang diambil hanya mengikuti teman atau karena paksaan orang tua dan tidak sesuai bakat dan minat yang dimiliki. Sehingga menyebabkan banyak mahasiswa yang merasa salah dalam memilih program studi dan kesulitan untuk belajar di program studi yang dipilihnya dan akhirnya memutuskan pindah program studi ahkan putus kuliah. Untuk itu dibuatlah aplikasi sistem pakar berbasis progressive web apps (PWA) yang dapat memberikan rekomendasi program studi yang sesuai dan dapat membantu mengetahui kecerdasan apa yang dimiliki calon mahasiswa tersebut berdasarkan teori multiple intelligences yang dipopulerkan oleh Howard Gardner. Metode yang digunakan dalam pembuatan sistem pakar ini adalah metode forward chaining dan metode pengembangan aplikasi sistem pakar ini menggunakan metode System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) model waterfall.
Thoracoscopic sympathectomy for treatment of primary hyperhidrosis in children: a randomized comparative study between clipping and electrocautery techniques

Objective: To compare the efficacy between Thoracoscopic sympathectomy using metal clips and Thoracoscopic sympathectomy using electrocautery as a treatment for primary hyperhidrosis in children to relieve the excessive sweating and improve the patient`s quality of life. Material/Methods: A randomized comparative study on 40 patients suffering from primary Hyperhidrosis These patients were allocated randomly into 2 groups. Group (A) was treated by Thoracoscopic sympathectomy using clipping technique and group (B) was treated by Thoracoscopic sympathectomy using electrocautery technique. Data was tabled and analyzed. Results: A total of 40 patients were enrolled. Success rate among the clipping group was (19/20) 95% and among the electrocautery group was (17/20) 85%, p value was 0.292, compensatory sweating was developed in 11 patients of the clipping group (55%) most of them was of mild to moderate degree and in 11 patients of the electrocautery group (55%) most of them was of mild to moderate degree, p value 0.367. We reversed the procedure in one of our clipping technique patients and showed improvement of the degree of the compensatory hyperhidrosis Conclusion: Thoracoscopic sympathectomy has been shown to be the most effective treatment for primary hyperhidrosis. Our results showed that clipping technique was as effective as electrocautery technique. Unfortunately, not only the success rates were equal but also the rates of compensatory sweating was found to be similar. The clipping technique offered the advantage of potential reversibility of the procedure in case of severe compensatory hyperhidrosis developed.
Characterisation of Signal Amplitude-Frequency for Indoor Power Line Communication Channel in the 1 — 30 MHz Broadband Frequencies

The transmission of data signals over power lines is a very promising technique for delivering indoor broadband communication services. However, since power grids were originally designed for high-voltage low-frequency signal transmission, there is a frequency mismatch between the power grid and high-frequency data signals. This mismatch poses a challenge to deploying power lines as a communication channel. Although, studies and researches conducted in several countries have made transmission of data over power lines possible, the behaviour and properties of the power grid cannot be generalised. Hence, the need for in-depth experiment and measurement on the suitability and capability of the Nigerian power grid for data transmission is crucial for proper characterising and modelling of the power line communication (PLC) channel. In this paper, we present experimental measurements and results of the effects of frequency variations on the attenuation experienced by broadband high-speed data signals transmitted over the Nigerian indoor power line network.
Phyto‐fabricated silver nanoparticles inducing microbial cell death via reactive oxygen species‐mediated membrane damage

Abstract Eco‐friendly synthesis of the silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has a number of advantages like simplicity, biocompatibility, low toxicity in nature over their physical and chemical methods. In the present study, the authors report biosynthesized AgNPs using the root extract of the perennial plant ‘Spiny gourd’ (Momordica dioica) and investigated their anti‐bacterial application with mechanistic approaches. Different biophysical techniques such as UV‐Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, TEM, SAED, and DLS were employed for AgNPs characterization. The synthesized AgNPs were polydispersed, crystalline in nature, with anionic surface (−22.3 mV), spherical in shape with an average size of 13.2 nm. In addition, the AgNPs were stable in room temperature and in different biological buffers. The anti‐bacterial activities of AgNPs were studied with respect to the pathogens such as Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus (Gram‐positive), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella planticola (Gram‐negative), and Candida albicans. Also, mechanistic studies of AgNPs such as protein leakage assay, nucleic acid leakage assay, ATP leakage assay, ROS accumulation, determination of biofilm degrading activity, measurement of potassium, showing that the synthesized AgNPs are capable of containing a potential application in the antimicrobial therapeutic agents and the pharmaceutical industry.
The Potential of Big Data Analysis in the Shipbuilding Industry: A Way of Increasing Competitiveness

It is possible to exploit potentials of Big Data in the shipbuilding industry in order to increase efficiency and company performance. Big Data analysis will probably have a great impact on strengthening the competitiveness in the whole sector, providing various types of benefits and effective support to the decision-making system. Academics maintain that analysis methods and algorithms can offer spe-cific guidelines to managers and practitioners in order to satisfy their information needs. Even though it is recognized that the techniques for Big Data analysis are relevant, only a few studies provide practical guidelines on how to apply these techniques in specific industries like shipbuilding. This preliminary study aims to develop a conceptual framework of Big Data anal-ysis based on the value chain approach. By using a deductive methodology, the framework is built taking into consideration four phases of the value chain in the shipbuilding industry - i.e. pre-production, design, production, and post-production. For its relevance, the study considers the pre-production phase, trying to classify data sources, analysis methods, and algorithms for the main activities of this node and also providing various suggestions to shipbuilding managers and practitioners. The researchers develop the framework by considering secondary data collected from the literature analysis. Our results can successfully support decision making in shipbuilding companies, making processes and operations more cost-effective and helping companies be more competitive. Specifically, in the pre-production node this will lead to real-time demand forecasting and a more reliable estimation of initial production costs.
A high‐gain and low cross‐polarized printed fractal antenna for X‐band wireless application

This paper presents a newly introduced fractal microstrip patch antenna for X‐band wireless application. The proposed fractal printed antenna possesses a fourfold centrosymmetric structure and gives considerably high gain with relatively low cross‐polarization along the entire half‐power beamwidth (HPBW) region of its radiation pattern. The proposed structure has been derived through selectively etching intersection parts between 4 symmetric lens and 13 circle geometries. In order to resonate the structure as well as to reduce the cross‐polarization, three diagonal slots have been etched from its ground plane. The fabricated prototype resonates at 8.49 GHz and gives a gain and impedance bandwidth of 6.98 dBi and 494 MHz, respectively. The measured cross‐polarization of the antenna along the direction of the main beam is −34.28 dB. The measured radiation efficiency and the computed aperture efficiency of the prototype are 91.96% and 78.25%, respectively. The fabricated prototype shows a very good agreement between its simulated and measured results and hence is a suitable candidate for X‐band‐related wireless applications.
Acute Toxicity Study of the Combination of Azadirachta indica A. Juss. and Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr. Leave Extracts

Azadirachta indica A.Juss. and Gynura procumbens (Merr.) are medicinal herbs widely used in traditional medicine. Recent research on the combination of these two plants showed aggressive antioxidant activity. The combination results can improve insulin and beta-cell morphology and can increase insulin expression. The variety of activities performed is the basis for conducting acute toxicity tests on the ethanol extract of Azadirachta Indica A. Juss. and Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr. to increase public confidence in its efficacy and ensure the safety of its use. The acute toxicity test on the ethanol extract of Azadirachta Indica A. Juss. and Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr. was carried out on female Wistar rats by following the 423 procedures of OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) Guideline with five groups of experimental animals, namely normal treatment, aquadest solvent treatment and 0.5 Na-CMC 0.5%, a separate treatment of the ethanol extract of Azadirachta Indica A. Juss. , a separate treatment of the ethanol extract of Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr. , and combination treatment of the ethanol extract of Azadirachta Indica A. Juss. and leaves of Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr. Furthermore, it was proceeded by observing the liver of the experimental animals histopathologically. The acute toxicity test results utilizing the 423 procedures of the OECD did not confirm any death or signs of toxicity in the experimental animals, and histopathological observations did not show any major histopathological damage. Based on these results, according to Globally Harmonized Classification System (GHS), the combination of the ethanol extract of Azadirachta Indica A. Juss. and Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr. is included in the unclassified category (> 2,000 mg/kg BW.
Alteration in the Levels of Neutrophils and Lymphocytes in Male Wistar Rats (Second-Hand Smoker) with Marigold Leaves (Cosmos caudatus Kunth.)

The second-hand smoker will have difficulties because of nicotine and other substances leading to activate free radical in the body and stimulate the secretion of inflammatory mediators. Flavonoid is a compound contained in marigold leaves, believed to have anti-inflammatory effects. This study aims to look at the effect of marigold leaves to neutrophil and lymphocyte profile of Wistar rat exposed cigarette smoked. This research was an experimental laboratory research design with pre and post-control groups. The sample consisted of 30 male Wistar rats. The control group was given food and drink in an ad libitum without given marigold, while treatments group 1 and 2 were given marigold at a dose of 4.5 and 6.3 grams, respectively. Each group was exposed to 2 cigarettes smoked per day for 2 weeks. On days 0, 7, and 14, blood samples were taken through retro orbitals. The data were analyzed by using the Sysmax KX-21® Hematology Analyzer. Normality test used Shapiro-wilk continued to one way ANOVA test and finally DUNCAN test. One way ANOVA test results for neutrophils and lymphocytes stated p = 0.00, which means that the effect of giving marigold to levels of neutrophils and lymphocytes of Wistar rats exposed cigarette smoked, the DUNCAN test results stated the dosage of 4.5 and 6.3 not significantly different but gave a significant difference to the control group. Marigold significant to reduce levels of neutrophils and lymphocytes to the normal stage of wistar rats exposed cigarette smoked.
Fortified Cold-Pressed Oils: The Effect on Sensory Quality and Functional Properties

The aim of this study was to monitor sensory quality, stability, selected nutritionally interesting properties and their changes in cold-pressed oil blends after fortification with chia and sesame seeds and seed oils during repeated thermal treatments. Rapeseed (cv. Sidney) and sunflower (cv. Velox) seeds from the Czech Republic were used to produce cold-pressed oils, which were fortified with chia and sesame seeds and seed oils in the concentrations of 1% and 5%. In all oil blends, sensory evaluation (quantitative descriptive analysis and hedonic analysis) and chemical analyses (oxidation degree, hydrolytic stability, chlorophyll and carotenoid content) were carried out in order to perform separation of samples degraded by thermal treatment. Assessors representing consumers were able to differentiate between individual thermal treatments from the viewpoint of pleasantness. Interestingly, the overall pleasantness of all fortified oil samples was still acceptable until the second thermal treatment. On the other hand, the results of the study emphasized the problematic oxidation degree of cold-pressed oil blends. The fortification of cold-pressed oils with chia and sesame seeds and oils did not unambiguously lead to better stability during thermal treatment. The application of elevated temperatures during the culinary use of these types of products should be limited to only one thermal treatment since sensory and chemical changes occur after repeated heating.
Comparison of digestibility parameters of commercial dry dog foods with different contents

This study was aimed to evaluate and compare the nutrient digestibility of grain-inclusive and grain-free commercial dry dog foods using the method of total fecal collection and also explore their effects on fecal consistency. 21 different foods, including 14 grain-inclusive (7 grain-chicken meat, 7 grain-lamb meat) and 7 grain-free were investigated. 12 adult Golden retriever dogs (age 3–4 years, body weight=22.5±1.7kg) were divided into 3 groups. The results of digestibility trials indicated that the grain-lamb meat foods showed the highest digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, and crude fiber. Overall, in the graininclusive and grain-free group evaluation, grain-inclusive foods showed higher digestibility of crude fibers while grain-free foods had higher ether extract digestibility whereas the differences in the scores of fecal consistencies between the groups were insignificant. Contrary to popular belief, grain-inclusive foods were more digestive than grain-free foods in terms of dry matter and organic matter. There are studies involving starch sources in the dog food formulations, but there is a need to study the digestibility of complete dog food to supply them with adequate nutrients. Also, each diet should be assessed based on its overall nutrient profile and digestibility rather than individual ingredients.
A Flow Rate Dependent 1D Model for Thermally Stratified Hot-Water Energy Storage

Stratified tank models are used to simulate thermal storage in applications such as residential or commercial hot-water storage tanks, chilled-water storage tanks, and solar thermal systems. The energy efficiency of these applications relates to the system components and the level of stratification maintained during various flow events in the tank. One-dimensional (1D) models are used in building energy simulations because of the short computation time but often do not include flow-rate dependent mixing. The accuracy of 1D models for plug flow, plug flow with axial conduction, and two convection eddy-diffusivity models were compared with experimental data sets for discharging a 50-gal residential tank and recharging the tank with hot water from an external hot-water source. A minimum and maximum relationship for the eddy diffusivity factor were found at Re <2100 and >10,000 for recirculation of hot water to the top of the tank and vertical tubes inletting cold water at the bottom. The root mean square error decreased from >4 °C to near 2 °C when considering flow-based mixing models during heating, while the exponential decay of the eddy diffusion results in a root mean square error reduction of 1 °C for cone-shaped diffusers that begin to relaminarize flow at the inlet.
Enabling rapid COVID-19 small molecule drug design through scalable deep learning of generative models

We improved the quality and reduced the time to produce machine learned models for use in small molecule antiviral design. Our globally asynchronous multi-level parallel training approach strong scales to all of Sierra with up to 97.7% efficiency. We trained a novel, character-based Wasserstein autoencoder that produces a higher quality model trained on 1.613 billion compounds in 23 minutes while the previous state of the art takes a day on 1 million compounds. Reducing training time from a day to minutes shifts the model creation bottleneck from computer job turnaround time to human innovation time. Our implementation achieves 318 PFLOPs for 17.1% of half-precision peak. We will incorporate this model into our molecular design loop enabling the generation of more diverse compounds; searching for novel, candidate antiviral drugs improves and reduces the time to synthesize compounds to be tested in the lab.
Multidimensional Social Crisis and Religion Harassment in Southeast Asia

In Southeast Asia, religion harassment in the form of Islamophobia has seen a sharp increase in recent times. This increase in religious harassment is influenced not by one factor but by many related factors. The multidimensional social crisis that occurred in the Southeast Asian region contributed greatly to the problem of religious harassment. Political, economic, and journalism crisis all have a major impact on the phenomenon of religion harassment in the form of cases of Islamophobia with varying degrees of influence. Political and economic crises are the most influencing factors on the phenomenon of harassment. Therefore, solving the problem of religious harassment in Southeast Asia must start from solving the multidimensional social crisis. Religion harassment in Southeast Asia is a psychological symptom of a particular society that meets with complex social situatio ns related to power struggles and economic domination.
Activation and modulation of GABA(B) receptor systems in physiogenic and pathophysiological conditions

γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. This thesis explores the actions of known or proposed agonists for the GABA type B (GABAB) receptor in isolated cells and on nerve terminals releasing dopamine in rodents. The first chapter provides the background information for the research undertaken in this thesis. In the second chapter I used whole cell patch clamp electrophysiology to explore the action of the proposed atypical GABAB receptor agonist, R-isovaline, at heterologously or natively expressed GABAB receptors in isolated cells. I found that R-isovaline did not initiate GABAB-mediated K+ currents and did not occlude or enhance the responses of other GABAB receptor agonists. Our data suggest that R-isovaline does not act as a direct agonist at GABAB receptors. In the third chapter I used fast-scan cyclic voltammetry in brain slices to explore the mechanisms behind GABAB modulation of dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens core of mice. The canonical GABAB receptor agonist, baclofen, concentration-dependently inhibited dopamine release by a direct action on dopamine neuron terminals. Baclofen-mediated inhibition of release was reduced when dopamine was released by stimulations that mimicked burst firing of dopamine neurons. Baclofen also decreased the probability of dopamine release. I also found that GABAB modulation of dopamine release was not altered by a sensitising cocaine treatment. In the fourth chapter I used fast scan cyclic voltammetry to assess whether diet induced obesity or a binge pattern of eating could alter GABAB or dopamine D2 receptor mediated regulation of dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens core in rats. The abilities of baclofen and the D2 agonist quinpirole to inhibit dopamine release were unchanged by long term access to a palatable cafeteria diet. Chapter 5 discusses the main findings of these experiments and potential future experiments.