Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Association Analysis between Maternal Serum Biomarkers and Fetal Congenital Heart Disease.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the association of maternal serum biomarkers alpha fetal protein (AFP), β-human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) and unconjugated estriol 3 (uE3) in the second trimester with fetal congenital heart disease (CHD) in low risk populations during the screening of Down's syndrome. METHODS 109 cases diagnosed with fetal CHD in the second trimester by fetal echocardiography were enrolled as the CHD group. Pregnancy- and gestational-age matched 344 cases without fetal CHD were used as the control group. The values of maternal serum biomarkers HCG, AFP and uE3 were tested and the association with CHD was analyzed. RESULTS The means of HCG multiple of median (MoM) and AFP MoM were higher, while the mean of uE3 MoM was lower in the CHD group than those of the control group (p < 0.05). The number of cases with HCG MoM ≥85% quantile, AFP MoM ≥85% quantile was more, while that with uE3 MoM ≤15% quantile was less in the CHD group than that of the control group (p < 0.05). The univariate logistic regression analysis showed that fetal CHD was associated with high values of HCG MoM and AFP MoM and low value of uE3 MoM as well as the HCG MoM ≥85% quantile, AFP MoM ≥85% quantile and the uE3 MoM ≤15% quantile. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that HCG MoM ≥85% quantile and AFP MoM ≥85% quantile or the uE3 ≤15% quantile were the independent factors of fetal CHD. In addition, the risk of fetal CHD was higher when one situation existed among the HCG MoM ≥85% quantile, AFP MoM ≥85% quantile and the uE3 MoM ≤15% quantile. The risk of fetal CHD was much higher when both the HCG MoM ≥85% quantile and AFP MoM ≥85% quantile existed or both the HCG MoM ≥85% quantile and the uE3 MoM existed ≤15% quantile. CONCLUSIONS Second trimester maternal serum biomarkers may be useful indicators for fetal evaluation for CHD to screen positive pregnancies without identified chromosomal defects.
Measuring our changing Earth

We live on an ever-changing planet. Volcanoes emerge from the oceans; land is torn apart by earthquakes; tsunamis and floods destroy vast areas of land; landslides transport millions of tonnes of material down hills and mountains causing billions of pounds of damage; coastlines and glaciers retreat at almost visible rates. But can we do anything to measure the changes these geological hazards are making to the earth? Lee Jones says we can.
The Role of Aerosol in Climate Change, the Environment, and Human Health

Abstract Aerosol is an important component of the atmosphere, and its source, composition, distribution, and effects are highly complicated. Governments and scientists have given much attention to aerosol problems, and it has become a hot topic due to the important role it plays in climate change and the Earth's environment. In this paper, 1) the importance of aerosol in climate change, the atmospheric environment, and human health is summarized; 2) the recent serious problems of aerosol pollution and the shortage of current aerosol research in China are pointed out; and 3) the necessity to enhance aerosol research in China is emphasized.
SRFormer: Efficient Yet Powerful Transformer Network for Single Image Super Resolution

Recent breakthroughs in single image super resolution have investigated the potential of deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to improve performance. However, CNNs based models suffer from their limited fields and their inability to adapt to the input content. Recently, Transformer based models were presented, which demonstrated major performance gains in Natural Language Processing and Vision tasks while mitigating the drawbacks of CNNs. Nevertheless, Transformer computational complexity can increase quadratically for high-resolution images, and the fact that it ignores the original structures of the image by converting them to the 1D structure can make it problematic to capture the local context information and adapt it for real-time applications. In this paper, we present, SRFormer, an efficient yet powerful Transformer-based architecture, by making several key designs in the building of Transformer blocks and Transformer layers that allow us to consider the original structure of the image (i.e., 2D structure) while capturing both local and global dependencies without raising computational demands or memory consumption. We also present a Gated Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) Feature Fusion module to aggregate the features of different stages of Transformer blocks by focusing on inter-spatial relationships while adding minor computational costs to the network. We have conducted extensive experiments on several super-resolution benchmark datasets to evaluate our approach. SRFormer demonstrates superior performance compared to state-of-the-art methods from both Transformer and Convolutional networks, with an improvement margin of $0.1 \sim 0.53dB$ . Furthermore, while SRFormer has almost the same model size, it outperforms SwinIR by 0.47% and inference time by half the time of SwinIR. The code will be available on GitHub.
Origin of Optoelectronic Contradictions in 3,4-Cycloalkyl[c]-chalcogenophenes: A Computational Study

The planar morphology of the backbone significantly contributes to the subtle optoelectronic features of π-conjugated polymers. On the other hand, the atomistic tuning of an otherwise identical π-backbone could also impact optoelectronic properties systematically. In this manuscript, we compare a series of 3,4-cycloalkylchalcogenophenes by tuning them atomistically using group-16 elements. Additionally, the effect of systematically extending these building blocks in the form of oligomers and polymers is studied. The size of the 3,4-substitution affected the morphology of the oligomers. In addition, the heteroatoms contributed to a further alteration in their geometry and resultant optoelectronic properties. The chalcogenophenes, containing smaller 3,4-cycloalkanes, resulted in lower bandgap oligomers or polymers compared to those with larger 3,4-cycloalkanes. Natural bonding orbital (NBO) calculations were performed to understand the disparity alongside the contour maps of frontier molecular orbitals (FMO).
A Strainer-Based Platform for the Collection and Immunolabeling of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus-Infected Porcine Intestinal Organoid

The development of organoid research has raised new requirements for this methodology. In a previous study, we demonstrated that an emerging protocol achieved the collection, loading, and programmed immunolabeling of mouse intestinal organoids based on a strainer platform. To uncover the applied potential of this novel methodology on organoids from other species, the strainer platform was utilized to characterize the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV)-infected porcine intestinal organoid model. Based on a previous study, some steps were changed to improve the efficiency of the assay by simplifying the reagent addition procedure. In addition, we redefined the range of strainer sizes on porcine intestinal organoids, showing that strainers with pore sizes of 40 and 70 μm matched the above protocol well. Notably, the strainer platform was successfully used to label viral proteins, laying the foundation for its application in the visualization of viral infection models. In summary, the potential of the strainer platform for organoid technology was explored further. More extensive exploration of this platform will contribute to the development of organoid technology.
Particulate δ15N in laminated marine sediments as a proxy for mixing between the California Undercurrent and the California Current: A proof of concept

The measurements of particulate δ15N in coastal marine laminated sediments provide a high‐resolution proxy for fluctuations in the intensity of denitrification in the water column. In the eastern tropical North Pacific oxygen minimum zone, this denitrification signal is transported northward by the California Undercurrent, thus serving as a tracer of ocean circulation. This is verified through comparisons between salinity in the thermocline off Southern California (Santa Monica Basin) and the difference between δ15Nsed within age equivalent sediments from a southern (Pescadero Slope) and northern (Santa Monica Basin) site. Trends in this parameter, Δδ15Nsed, relate to Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) phase changes between 1900 and 1990. We hypothesize that the decline in Δδ15Nsed during warm PDO phases is due to a strengthening of the California Undercurrent transporting 15N‐enriched nitrate from the eastern tropical North Pacific northward. The deviation from this trend after 1990 suggests recent changes in circulation and/or California Current water nutrient biogeochemistry.
Wave speeds and attenuation of elastic waves in material containing cracks

Summary. Expressions now exist from which may be calculated the propagation constants of elastic waves travelling through material containing a distribution of cracks. The cracks are randomly distributed in position and may be randomly orientated. The wavelengths involved are assumed to be large compared with the size of the cracks and with their separation distances so that the formulae, based on the mean taken over a statistical ensemble, may reasonably be used to predict the properties of a single sample. The results are valid only for small concentrations of cracks. Explicit expressions, correct to lowest order in the ratio of the crack size to a wavelength, are derived here for the overall elastic parameters and the overall wave speeds and attenuation of elastic waves in cracked materials where the mean crack is circular, and the cracks are either aligned or randomly orientated. The cracks may be empty or filled with solid or fluid material. These results are achieved on the basis of simply the static solution for an ellipsoidal inclusion under stress. The extension to different distributions of orientation or to mixtures of different types of crack is quite straightforward.
Aperture Antennas for 5G Mobile Base Stations

The fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication system will require the multi beam base station antennas. By taking into account a small antenna size at millimeter wave, any antenna types such as array, reflector and dielectric lens antennas become possible candidate. In this paper, aperture type antennas of reflector and lens are selected because of excellent multi beam performances. Fundamental antenna design technologies by a MATLAB software and expected radiation patterns by an electromagnetic simulator are shown.
Partisan Selective Exposure on Social Media During the 2020 Presidential Election

This study examines selective exposure and selective avoidance on social media during the 2020 presidential election. 147 voters participated in the survey conducted using Qualtrics. The purpose of this study was to understand whether selective exposure and avoidance behaviors differed based on voting outcome (Trump or Biden), and to test whether political ideological polarization was reflected in news consumption through social media. Taken together, the results indicate that although both voting bases engaged in selective exposure and avoidance, the propensity was the same between Trump and Biden voters. Additionally, results confirm existing hypotheses that strength of political ideology positively correlates with selective exposure. However, results challenge whether there is a relationship between strength of political ideology and selective avoidance. Taken together, this study contributes to existing literature by providing preliminary evidence that, during the 2020 presidential election, polarization between members of political parties was reflected on social media through both news consumption and disengagement with attitude-incongruent information.
Three Temperature Regimes in Subthreshold Characteristics of FD-SOI pMOSFETs From Room-Temperature to Cryogenic Temperatures

We reported three temperature regimes in subthreshold characteristics of 22-nm FD-SOI p-MOSFETs at operation <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${T}\,\,=$ </tex-math></inline-formula> 300 K – 4.5 K. Subthreshold swing (SS)-plateau at 125 K – 50 K in combination with SS-linearity at <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${T}\,\,=$ </tex-math></inline-formula> 300 K – 125 K and 50 K – 4.5 K were observed in different types of FD-SOI p-MOSFETs with channel length <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$(L_{G}) \leq100$ </tex-math></inline-formula> nm, which is possibly attributed to temperature-dependent dopant ionization induced band-to-band and trap-assisted tunneling across the drain-body junction. The phenomenon of SS linearly decreasing with temperature at <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${T}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> < 50 K is not observed in neither FD-SOI n-MOSFETs nor 28 nm bulk CMOSFETs.
An RGB-D-Based Thickness Feature Descriptor and Its Application on Scrap Steel Grading

Scrap steel grading is a vital stage of steel production. Thickness is an important indicator in determining the grade of scrap steel. Existing methods based on 2-D vision cannot accurately estimate the thickness of scrap steel due to the lack of 3-D information. Consequently, estimation results from 2-D methods cannot satisfy the requirements of the steel industry. To solve this problem, we propose a 3-D vision-based scrap steel grading system. We introduce a novel thickness feature descriptor that can perform edge detection on organized point clouds. It can detect the pairs of points that satisfy the thickness feature from edge points. Once the detection of all thickness features is completed, invalid thickness features are filtered and correct thickness features are merged based on the contextual information. Finally, a thickness feature histogram (TFH) is calculated, and TFH is used for grading scrap steel. Our proposed method was integrated into a scrap steel grading system, which has been used in an actual production environment. Comprehensive experiments have been conducted to validate the proposed method. Moreover, a specialized scrap steel image dataset was created to train deep-learning-based methods in comparison experiments. Experimental results show that our method can extract thickness features and estimate the distribution of thickness of scrap steel effectively. The grading system has been successfully used in actual task scenarios and satisfies the industrial grading requirements. The scrap steel dataset is publicly available at https://github.com/zichengzichengzi/Scrap Steel Image Dataset.
Effectiveness of an Innovative Card Game as a Supplement for Teaching Factual Content to Medical Students: A Mixed Method Study

Introduction Lectures and small group teaching are useful to transfer conceptual knowledge. Anatomy is the foundation of medical sciences, but it is perceived to be difficult to comprehend and recall. For such clinically relevant aspects of medical education that require memorization, educational card games can be very effective. As the complex concepts and terminology of Embryology are difficult to follow and retain, we designed a card game “MedFc” for a topic on pharyngeal arches. This study was planned to determine the effectiveness of the card game on curriculum comprehension, recall of factual topics among medical undergraduates, and its utility as a supplement to interactive lecture sessions. Methods The mixed method study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy of an undergraduate medical college. Ethical approval was obtained prior to beginning the study. Convenience sampling was done. From a batch of 50 first-year medical students, a total of 40 students consented to participate in the study, 24 (60%) were males and 16 (40%) were female participants. A lecture on the pharyngeal arches was conducted for the entire batch of 50 first-year medical students. After three weeks, the students who consented to participate in the study were randomly grouped into two groups of 20 each. The groups were the game group (which played the card game in teams of five) and the control group (which discussed the same topic in small groups of five). For both the group's pretests and posttests, 10 higher order multiple choice questions, were conducted and students’ feedback regarding the effectiveness of the teaching technique was obtained. Results Students opined that playing the card game was a superb experience, a positive use of time, and a very effective method of comprehension and memorizing complex topics. The scores increased from the pretest to the posttest indicating that both methods effectively reinforced the embryological concepts, but a t test showed that card game is more effective than small group discussions, with p-value = 0.008. The improvement in scores of students who had achieved <50% in pretest for the game group was statistically significant with t-value = 0.0023, when compared with the improvement in scores of similar students from the control group. Conclusions The study has demonstrated the effectiveness of “MedFc” card game in the recall of factual topics and can be used as supplementary material for enhancing learning amongst medical graduates. This educational card game applies gamification to Anatomy education to create a fun filled learning experience and is a valuable addition to the learning resources.
Complete Volume (35)

Volunteers are an important subset of society who provide many services to people and organizations in need. Based on Social Learning Theory, a preliminary study was designed to investigate the role communication may play in fostering positive attitudes and behaviors in college students regarding volunteerism. Surveys completed by 321 college students were collected and the relationship between instances of communication with role models (e.g., parents, peers, religious leaders, siblings, coworkers, extended family) and participant attitudes toward and rates of volunteering were examined. Results indicated the more conversations shared between role models and participants the more likely it was that participants held positive beliefs about volunteering and volunteered at higher rates. The significance of further research into this relationship is highlighted and implications for educators and practitioners are reviewed. The attitudes of U.S. first year college students toward community involvement and helping others are reported to be higher than they have been in 40 years, according to a national longitudinal study conducted by the Higher Education Research Institute (2006). The rates of civic engagement and community involvement among young adults are key topics being discussed with great interest in contemporary political, social, and academic spheres. For example, academic service-learning projects have been reported to increase sporadic and episodic volunteering among students 18 to 24 years old (Lillian, Cramer, Dietz, & Grimm, 2006). Yet, simultaneously the rates of regular volunteering have been decreasing among 16 to 24 year olds (Keeter, Zukin, Andolina, & Jenkins, 2002; Lopez, Levine, Both, Kiesa, Kirby, & Marcelo, 2006), which suggests individuals in this age group may be more willing to volunteer when it is compelled, episodic, and associated with some form of reward. In light of the shifting volunteer behaviors of young adults, we want to draw attention to the importance of research questions that investigate how communication about volunteering may influence the rate at which a young adult may be inclined to volunteer. Although studies have researched the motivational factors that are typically related to volunteer behaviors (Clary, et al., 1998), little attention has been focused on examining how communication may influence 7 et al.: Complete Volume (35) Published by Cornerstone: A Collection of Scholarly and Creative Works for Minnesota State University, Mankato, 2008
Efektivitas Workplace Commitment Dalam Memediasi Pengaruh Partisipasi Dalam Pengambilan Keputusan Terhadap Kinerja Organisasi

Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari pengaruh partisipasi pengambilan keputusan terhadap kinerja organisasi yang dimediasi oleh komitmen kerja membangun perusahaan percetakan dan penerbitan kota semarang, provinsi jawa tengah, Indonesia. Berdasarkan tujuan utama penelitian ini merupakan penelitian terapan deskriptif korelatif berdasarkan data yang dikumpulkan yang telah dilakukan pada tahun 2021. Populasi penelitian terdiri dari karyawan yang bekerja pada perusahaan penerbitan di kota semarang yang mempunyai kantor cabang sebagai distributor di bagian penjualan. Jumlah pegawai di kantor pusat dan cabang sebanyak 1.260 orang. Jumlah sampel yang diambil sebanyak 200 orang, dengan teknik probabilitas sampling. Model kerangka teori yang dibuat menunjukkan adanya variabel intervening yang berfungsi untuk menguji hipotesis yang diajukan. Pengujian hipotesis dilakukan dengan menggunakan Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), dengan menggunakan Analysis of Moment Structure (AMOS). Hasil pengujian hipotesis menunjukkan bahwa partisipasi dalam pengambilan keputusan, komitmen organisasi dan individu mempunyai pengaruh positif yang signifikan terhadap kinerja organisasi. The main purpose of this research is to study the impact of participation on decision-making towards organizational performance mediated by workplace commitment to construct a printing and publishing company in Semarang City, province of central Java, Indonesia. Based on the main purpose this research is an applied research descriptive correlative based on data collected which had been done in 2021. The research population consists of employees who work in publishing companies in the city of Semarang which have branch offices as distributors in sales. The number of employees at the head office and branches is 1,260 people. The number of samples taken was as many as 200 people, with a probability sampling technique. The theoretical frame model that has been made shows the existence of intervening variables, those to test the hypothesis which is already proposed. Hypothesis testing is carried out using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), using the Analysis of Moment Structure (AMOS). The result of hypothesis examination shows that participation in decision-making, and organizational and individual commitment have a significant positive influence on organizational performance.
Triada Elemental Como Alternativa Para El Fortalecimiento De Un Cuerpo Académico En Producción Animal

The present study links three essential elements for building an academic corps in animal production, with the only idea of supporting a better quality of education, through the cell cord, which are the Academic Corps in Higher Education Institutions. In this context, the desired profile, academic commitment and shared success, make up the triad, which activate the pragmatic mechanism in scientific and technological culture of the agricultural sector, generating the only principle to systematize and innovate the facts, doctrines, skills and cognitive techniques to transfer elements of the current student corps effective manner.