Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Construction and evaluation of an alcohol vapor chamber system

An increasing number of studies demonstrated that alcohol vapor chamber is an effective way to model physical signs of alcohol use disorders. Although researchers are developing different vapor chambers to study chronic alcohol exposure model worldwide, few studies build and modify their own vapor chambers in China. Here, we designed and established an alcohol vapor chamber system for small animals. We described a paradigm showing how to control and monitor alcohol concentration in whole system. The vapor chamber system with several advantages including accommodating up to ten standard mouse cages. Furthermore, the system was tested by evaluating the blood alcohol concentration and neuron injury in mice. Importantly, the alcohol withdrawal after vapor exposure caused motor coordination impairment, anxiolytic- and depression-like behavior. Finally, the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR)-mediated glutamatergic transmissions in the medial prefrontal cortex was changed after alcohol vapor exposure-induced behaviors. The frequency and amplitude of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents between control and alcohol groups were not different, suggesting that alcohol exposure-induced behaviors are associated with the change in NMDAR response. Taken together, the new alcohol vapor chamber system was constructed, which would help to research the relationship between the stable alcohol exposure and withdrawal behaviors and to study chronic alcohol exposure-induced disorders in China.
A Particle Swarm Optimal Control Method for DC Motor by Considering Energy Consumption

 Abstract — In the actual start-up process of DC motors, the DC drive system often faces a conflict between energy consumption and acceleration performance. To resolve the conflict, this paper proposes a comprehensive performance index that energy consumption index is added on the basis of classical control performance index in the DC motor starting process. Taking the comprehensive performance index as the cost function, particle swarm optimization algorithm is designed to optimize the comprehensive performance. Then it conducts simulations on the optimization of the comprehensive performance of the DC motor on condition that the weight coefficient of the energy consumption index should be properly designed. The simulation results show that as the weight of energy consumption increased, the energy efficiency was significantly improved at the expense of a slight sacrifice of fastness indicators with the comprehensive performance index method. The energy efficiency was increased from 63.18% to 68.48% and the response time reduced from 0.2875s to 0.1736s simultaneously compared with traditional proportion integrals differential controller in energy saving.
accounting practice and corporate earnings irregularities”

This paper develops a static model of earnings manipulation as illicit activity conducted by top executives of a firm, such as a firm’s chief financial officer or chief executive officer. In the model, the utility-maximizing executive decides upon an allocation of time, a costly resource, to the commission of licit and illicit accounting activity based on the expected benefits and costs of these actions. Illicit accounting practices may benefit the firm’s profitability and possi-bly the executive’s compensation but also incur risks of detection and subsequent sanctions, including jail time; the expected cost of the illicit activity potentially acts as a deterrence to such practices. We investigate comparative-static relationships that formalize how the individual’s illegal activity might increase or decrease given variation in key exogenous factors, some of which may reflect official policy or procedure. Our study provides a more concrete conceptual foundation for empirical analysis than typically observed in the earnings-management literature.
V:InD:O:W Inclusion from an international perspective

The dropout rate of students with various learning disabilities is increasing across European higher-education institutions, and the reasons vary among individual or institutional characteristics, or interactions within colleges [1] [2]. In this context, the European project V:InD:O:W (Virtual - Inclusive - Diversity focused - Open educational - Work Modules) (KA203-34ECD999) has been granted by the European Commission on the basis that the design of digital resources can assist teachers in the integration and academic progress of students with different abilities. Thus, V:InD:O:W aims at creating digital learning modules for tertiary foreign language teacher education, which demonstrate how the principles of inclusion –in their broad, diversity-oriented interpretation– can be applied in the field of foreign language education. Specifically, the project has developed virtual digital courses that include theoretical, empirical and evidence-based knowledge, insights from language teaching practice and educational policy guidelines about different topics, among which multilingual/multicultural challenges in the foreign language classrooms is included (together with autism, dyslexia, or neurodiversity, among others). V:InD:O:W modules offer an interdisciplinary foundation of the topic. In addition, these digital and virtual modules also address the question to what extent and in what ways digitalization of learning materials can prove an asset in inclusive learning environments. The primary target group of V:InD:O:W is foreign language teacher educators, who would use these modules in the teaching of pre-and in-service foreign language teachers (secondary target group). V:InD:O:W has already designed and piloted the first set of modules during the academic year 2021-2022. This research will analyse the data from the implementation of the multilingual/multicultural module with one group of participants: A group of Master language teacher students from the University of Parma (n=17), which was delivered online during the month of February 2022. A validated questionnaire through the Delphi method has been used as the instrument for the analysis of data, which are both quantitative and qualitative. A mixed-methods research will be conducted to scrutinize such data, whose results indicate that teachers highly value as positive both the contents and the competences obtained through this module, and they mostly find it innovative and revealing. Discussion will be focused on the fact that teacher educators should be equipped with innovative tools in order to promote an inclusive and holistic approach to foreign language learning, which can demonstrate that the principles of inclusion –in their broad, diversity-oriented interpretation– can be applied in the field of foreign language education.
Quantum phase transitions in rotating nuclei

We extend the classical Landau theory for rotating nuclei and show that the backbending in 162Yb, that comes about as a result of the two‐quasiparticle alignment, is identified with the second order phase transition. We found that the backbending in 156Dy, caused by the instability of γ‐vibrations in the rotating frame, corresponds to the first order phase transition.
Growth and B-Phycoerythrin Production of Red Microalga Porphyridium purpureum (Porphyridiales, Rhodophyta) under Different Carbon Supply

Red microalga Porphyridium purpureum (Bory) Drew is a well-known object of biotechnology due to its unique ability to synthesize a wide range of biologically active compounds. Enough minerals in an accessible form in a medium are a prerequisite for maintaining a high growth rate of P. purpureum. Carbon is the main element of microalgal biomass and is a component of all organic compounds. The work aimed to study the morphological features of cells and the accumulation and production of B-phycoerythrin and total protein in P. purpureum biomass in different ways of supplying CO2 into the culture. In Variant 1, CO2 was directly injected into a gas–air mixture (2–3 percent v/v) used for culture bubbling via capillary. In Variant 2, the air was supplied to the culture through the aquarium sparger. Variant 3 was like the first one but without the additional introduction of carbon dioxide. The application of the method for sparging atmospheric air led to a significant increase in both the productivity of the P. purpureum and the rate of protein and B-phycoerythrin synthesis in comparison with growing it using the air without spraying (two-and-a-half times, five times, and more than eight times, respectively). Moreover, there were significant changes in the morphological structure of P. purpureum cells, which were visualized both by microscopy and by changes in the color of the culture. Based on the experimental data obtained, the variants for the carbon supply experiment were ranked as follows: Variant 1 is better than Variant 2 and Variant 3. The use of atomization as a technological method made it possible to speed up the transfer of carbon dioxide from the air to the medium, which helped to keep the growth rate of P. purpureum biomass and B-phycoerythrin accumulation high.
Improved Limits on Gamma-Ray Burst Repetition from BATSE

We tighten previous upper limits on gamma-ray burst repetition by analyzing the angular power spectrum of the BATSE 3B catalog of 1122 bursts. At 95% confidence, we find that no more than 2% of all observed bursts can be labeled as repeaters, even if no sources are observed to repeat more than once. If a fraction f of all observed bursts can be labeled as repeaters that are observed to burst upsilon times each, then all models with (upsilon - 1)f greater than or equal to 0.05 are ruled out at 99% confidence, as compared to the best previous 99% limit (upsilon - 1)f greater than or equal to 0.27. At 95% confidence, our new limit is (upsilon - 1)f greater than or equal to 0.02. Thus, even a cluster of six events from a single source would have caused excess power above that present in the 3B catalog. We conclude that the current BATSE data are consistent with no repetition of classical gamma-ray bursts and that any repeater model is severely constrained by the near-perfect isotropy of their angular distribution.
The emission structure of formaldehyde megamasers

The formaldehyde megamaser emission has been mapped for the three host galaxies IC 860, IRAS 15107+0724 and Arp 220. Elongated emission components are found at the nuclear centres of all galaxies with an extent ranging between 30 and 100 pc. These components are superposed on the peaks of the nuclear continuum. Additional isolated emission components are found superposed in the outskirts of the radio continuum structure. The brightness temperatures of the detected features ranges from 0.6 to 13.4 x 10(4) K, which confirms their masering nature. The masering scenario is interpreted as amplification of the radio continuum by foreground molecular gas that is pumped by far-infrared radiation fields in these starburst environments of the host galaxies.
The timing point of exercise intervention regulates neuropathic pain-related molecules in the ipsilateral dorsal root ganglion neurons after sciatic nerve injury

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the timing of tread-mill exercise application can control expression levels of neuropathic pain- and regeneration-related proteins in the ipsilateral lumbar 4 (L4) to 6 (L6) dorsal root ganglion cells (DRG) after sciatic nerve injury (SNI). The experimental rats were randomly divided into five groups: the normal control, SNI+sedentary (IS), exercise+SNI (EI), SNI+exercise (IE), exercise+SNI+exercise (EIE) groups. The rats in exercise groups per-formed treadmill exercise at a speed of 8 m/min for 30 min once a day during 14 days before and/or after SNI. For investigating the expression of specific neuropathic pain and regeneration-related proteins in DRG, we prepared L4 to L6 DRG in the ipsilateral side. In the quantitative analysis, growth associated protein 43 (GAP-43) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels were further increased in the ipsilateral DRG at all treadmill exercise groups than those in IS group. In the histological findings, GAP-43 was qualitatively increased IE and EIE groups than IS group at DRG. Wnt3a and β-catenin were dramatically downregulated in EIE and IE groups than IS groups. In addition, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells and tumor necrosis factor-α were significantly decreased in IE and EIE groups than IS group in the ipsilateral DRG. Our findings suggested novel information that regular low-intensity exercise before and/or after SNI might be a therapeutic and preventive approaches for relieving neuropathic pain and improving axonal elongation after peripheral nerve injury.
Implementation Of Public Moral Values Based On Pancasila As The Strenght Of The Nation Rising From The Covid-19 Pandemic Period

An abstract must accompany each manuscript; This abstract must be completely consistent on its own (eg, without numbers, tables, equations or reference citation), not exceeding 250 words and written as a paragraph. The abstract should include research background, objectives, methodology, and findings. The national identity and character of the Indonesian nation is none other than Pancasila which reflects certain concepts, principles and values contained in it. The character of the Indonesian nation also means the spiritual self of the Indonesian nation which is reflected in the mindset, attitude and pattern of action that characterizes the citizens of the Indonesian nation. In Pancasila, public moral values are reflected in the concept of Jonathan David Haidt, an American social psychologist, containing the principles of Care (Second Precept), Fairness (Fifth Precept), Liberty (Fifth Precept), Loyalty (Third Precept), Authority (Fifth Precept), Fourth Precept), Sanctity (First Precept). The implementation of public moral values originating from Pancasila can be seen in the lives of our people when facing the Covid-19 pandemic. This is what prompted the author to examine this problem with the formulation of the problem, can the implementation of public moral values derived from Pancasila give strength to the Indonesian nation to rise from the Covid-19 pandemic? By using a literacy study approach, this study concludes that the implementation of public moral values originating from Pancasila can provide strength for the Indonesian people to face and rise from the Covid-19 pandemic.
Angular momentum distribution of hot gas and implications for disk galaxy formation

We study the angular momentum proﬁles both for dark matter and for gas within virialized halos, using a statistical sample of halos drawn from cosmological hydrodynamics simulations. Three simulations have been analyzed, one is the “non-radiative” simulation, and the other two have radiative cooling. We ﬁnd that the gas component on average has a larger spin and contains a smaller fraction of mass with negative angular momentum than its dark matter counterpart in the non-radiative model. As to the cooling models, the gas component shares approximately the same spin parameter as its dark matter counterpart, but the hot gas has a higher spin and is more aligned in angular momentum than dark matter, while the opposite holds for the cold gas. After the mass of negative angular momentum is excluded, the angular momentum proﬁle of the hot gas component approximately follows the universal function originally proposed by Bullock et al. for dark matter, though the shape parameter µ is much larger for hot gas and is comfortably in the range required by observations of disk galaxies. Since disk formation is related to the distribution of hot gas that will cool, our study may explain the fact that the disk component of observed galaxies contains a smaller fraction of low angular momentum material than dark matter in halos.
Laser-driven quantum magnonics and terahertz dynamics of the order parameter in antiferromagnets

The impulsive generation of two-magnon modes in antiferromagnets by femtosecond optical pulses, so-called femto-nanomagnons, leads to coherent longitudinal oscillations of the antiferromagnetic order parameter that cannot be described by a thermodynamic Landau-Lifshitz approach. We argue that this dynamics is triggered as a result of a laser-induced modification of the exchange interaction. In order to describe the oscillations we have formulated a quantum mechanical description in terms of magnon pair operators and coherent states. Such an approach allowed us to} derive an effective macroscopic equation of motion for the temporal evolution of the antiferromagnetic order parameter. An implication of the latter is that the photo-induced spin dynamics represents a macroscopic entanglement of pairs of magnons with femtosecond period and nanometer wavelength. By performing magneto-optical pump-probe experiments with 10 femtosecond resolution in the cubic KNiF$_3$ and the uniaxial K$_2$NiF$_4$ collinear Heisenberg antiferromagnets, we observed coherent oscillations at the frequency of 22 THz and 16 THz, respectively. The detected frequencies as a function of the temperature ideally fit the two-magnon excitation up to the Neel point. The experimental signals are described as dynamics of magnetic linear dichroism due to longitudinal oscillations of the antiferromagnetic vector.
The Origin of Dark Matter Halo Profiles

A longstanding puzzle of fundamental importance in modern cosmology has been the origin of the nearly universal density profiles of dark matter halos found in N-body simulations -- the so-called NFW profile. We show how this behavior may be understood, simply, by applying adiabatic contraction to peaks of Gaussian random fields. We argue that dynamical friction acts to reduce enormously the effect of random scatter in the properties of initial peaks, providing a key simplification. We compare our model predictions with results of the ultra-high resolution Via Lactea-II N-body simulation, and find superb agreement. We show how our model may be used to predict the distribution of halo properties like concentration. Our results suggest that many of the basic properties of halo structure may be understood using extremely simple physics.
Vitamin D Mitigates Hyperglycemia-Induced Cognition Decline in Danio rerio (Zebrafish) through the Activation of Antioxidant Mechanisms

Hyperglycemia contributes to the development of cognition impairment and related disorders, induces oxidative stress in neuronal cells; thereby, impairs normal signaling mechanisms involved in cognition processes. Studies have shown a significant decrease in the vitamin D in individuals with hyperglycemia and cognition impairment. But whether supplementing vitamin D has any beneficiary impact on mitigating hyperglycemia-induced cognition impairment is unknown. We have first tested the impact of hyperglycemia on the induction of cognition deficiency in a zebrafish model. Next, the molecular mechanisms related to oxidative stress, which are deregulated in hyperglycemic zebrafish brains, have been explored. Subsequently, the impact of supplementing the water with vitamin D and a known activator of nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) i.e., sulforaphane (SFN) on learning and memory functions were assessed. We showed a significant increase in the oxidative stress in the brain tissue of zebrafish residing in hyperglycemic water (111 mM glucose). Addition of vitamin D and SFN increased Nrf2, but differentially modulated its target genes (NQO1, SOD, GPx etc) activity in zebrafish and neuronal cell lines thereby improved the hyperglycemia-induced decline of cognition impairment. Mechanistically, vitamin D binds to the Keap1 protein; thereby, interfering with its binding to Nrf2, which leads to the activation of antioxidant mechanisms in the cells. In summary, reducing the oxidative stress through vitamin D treatment is a possible option for controlling the cognition impairment in diabetic population, but studies testing this possibility in clinical trials are currently needed.
Difference frequency generation of surface plasmon-polaritons in Landau quantized graphene

We develop a rigorous quantum-mechanical theory of the nonlinear optical process of difference frequency generation of surface plasmon-polaritons in Landau-quantized graphene. Although forbidden in the electric-dipole approximation, the second-order susceptibility is surprisingly high, equivalent to the bulk magnitude above ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$ m/V. We consider the graphene monolayer as a nonlinear optical component of a monolithic photonic chip with integrated pump fields. The nonlinear power conversion efficiency of the order of tens of $\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{W}/{\mathrm{W}}^{2}$ is predicted from structures of $10--100\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{m}$ size. We investigate a variety of waveguide configurations to identify the optimal geometry for maximum efficiency.
Simulations of radiative turbulent mixing layers

Radiative turbulent mixing layers should be ubiquitous in multi-phase gas with shear flow. They are a potentially attractive explanation for the high ions such as O vi seen in high-velocity clouds and the circumgalactic medium (CGM) of galaxies. We perform 3D magnetohydrohynamics (MHD) simulations with non-equilibrium (NEI) and photoionization modelling, with an eye towards testing simple analytic models. Even purely hydrodynamic collisional ionization equilibrium (CIE) calculations have column densities much lower than observations. Characteristic inflow and turbulent velocities are much less than the shear velocity, and the layer width $h \propto t_{\mathrm{cool}}^{1/2}$ rather than h ∝ tcool. Column densities are not independent of density or metallicity as analytic scalings predict, and show surprisingly weak dependence on shear velocity and density contrast. Radiative cooling, rather than Kelvin–Helmholtz instability, appears paramount in determining the saturated state. Low pressure due to fast cooling both seeds turbulence and sets the entrainment rate of hot gas, whose enthalpy flux, along with turbulent dissipation, energizes the layer. Regardless of initial geometry, magnetic fields are amplified and stabilize the mixing layer via magnetic tension, producing almost laminar flow and depressing column densities. NEI effects can boost column densities by factors of a few. Suppression of cooling by NEI or photoionization can, in principle, also increase O vi column densities, but, in practice, is unimportant for CGM conditions. To explain observations, sightlines must pierce hundreds or thousands of mixing layers, which may be plausible if the CGM exists as a ‘fog’ of tiny cloudlets.
Design, Search and Implementation of High-dimension, Efficient, Long-cycle and Portable Uniform Random Variate Generator

Author(s): Deng, Lih-Yuan; Xu, Hong Q | Abstract: We propose a system of multiple recursive generators of modulus p and order k where all nonzero coefficients of the recurrence are equal. The advantage of this property is that a single multipli- cation is needed to compute the recurrence, so the generator would run faster than the general case. For p = 231 − 1, the most popular modulus used, we provide tables of specific parameter values yielding maximum period for recurrence of order k = 102 and 120. For p = 231 55719 and k = 1511, we have found generators with a period length approximately 1014100.5 .
Acoustooptic Bragg Diffraction in 2-Dimensional Photonic Crystals

The paper shows that silicon-based 2D photonic crystal can be a promising material for acoustooptical devices. Isotropic and anisotropic Bragg diffraction of light in photonic crystal is considered. The computational method for calculation of frequency dependences of Bragg angle is developed. A simple method of optimization of photonic crystal parameters to obtain Bragg diffraction at necessary light and sound frequency is suggested.