Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
iBehavior—a preliminary proof of concept study of a smartphone-based tool for the assessment of behavior change in neurodevelopmental disabilities

Purpose The purpose of the present study was to describe the content and function of iBehavior, a smartphone-based caregiver-report electronic ecological momentary assessment (eEMA) tool developed to assess and track behavior change in people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs), and to examine its preliminary validity. Methods Ten parents of children (ages of 5–17 years) with IDDs (n = 7 with fragile X syndrome; n = 3 with Down syndrome) rated their child’s behavior (aggression and irritability, avoidant and fearful behavior, restricted and repetitive behavior and interests, and social initiation) using iBehavior once daily for 14 days. At the conclusion of the 14-day observation period, parents completed traditional rating scales as validation measures, as well as a user feedback survey. Results Across the 140 possible observations, 8 were skipped, leading to a 94% response rate over 10 participants’ observation periods. Participants also completed 100% of items for each of their logged observations. Parent ratings using iBehavior showed emerging evidence of convergent validity among domains with traditional rating scales including the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function 2 (BRIEF-2), and Aberrant Behavior Checklist-Community (ABC-C). iBehavior was feasible in the sample, and parent feedback indicated high overall satisfaction. Conclusion Results of the present pilot study indicate successful implementation and preliminary feasibility and validity of an eEMA tool for use as a behavioral outcome measure in IDDs.
Impact of Exercise Intervention Combined with Optimal Mediterranean Diet Adherence during Pregnancy on Postpartum Body Composition: A Quasi-Experimental Study—The GESTAFIT Project

This study aimed to investigate whether the effects of an exercise program during pregnancy on postpartum body composition are moderated by following a healthy dietary pattern (i.e., Mediterranean diet (MD)). Eighty-three pregnant women (control n = 40, exercise n = 43) were included in the present quasi-experimental study. The exercise intervention consisted of a 60 min, 3 day/week throughout pregnancy from gestational week 17, supervised concurrent (aerobic + resistance) exercise program. A food frequency questionnaire and the MD Score (min–max: 0–50) were employed to assess dietary habits and the MD adherence during pregnancy, respectively. Postpartum body composition was measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, 6 weeks postpartum. The body mass index and the gynecoid fat mass at postpartum were lower in the exercise compared to the control group (p = 0.018 and p = 0.047, respectively). There was an interaction showing that the MD adherence during pregnancy positively moderated the effects of the exercise intervention on postpartum lean mass (p = 0.024), fat mass percentage (p = 0.092), android fat mass (p = 0.076), and android-to-gynecoid fat mass (p = 0.019). The Johnson–Neyman technique revealed that the effects of exercise were enhanced at a MD score of ~31 for lean mass, ~25 for fat mass, ~23 for android fat mass and ~29 for android-to-gynecoid fat mass. Our results suggest that a concurrent-exercise training plus an optimal MD adherence during pregnancy might be a useful strategy to promote a healthier body composition at the postpartum period.
Dark endmember in spectral feature space under variable atmosphere

One of the most important assumptions in most multispectral image transformation methods is that the position of the dark endmember is placed at the origin of the n-D spectral feature space regardless of the target spectral signature. A series of field experiments under varying illumination resulted that ‘shadowlines’, which hypothetically pass through the dark endmember, never pass directly through the origin of the spectral feature space. A conceptual radiative transfer model was derived and demonstrated its susceptibility to the proportion of scattered light from the sky. The model showed that the location of the dark endmember, defined as the 'dark point virtual endmember (DPVE)’, is assumed to be sensitive to the state of atmosphere. Further analysis also revealed that the DPVE plays an important role in defining the data distribution in spectral feature space. This study suggested that accurate estimation of DPVE could enable to reduce some of the uncertainties associated with conventional dark point atmospheric correction methods.
Psychiatric diagnostic classification system based on new forms of parenting practices: Narrative review and invite for a rethink

New styles of parenting, such as hyper, hypo, atypical, and indifferent, have replaced the permissive, authoritarian, authoritarian, and neglectful styles of parenting that characterized child-adolescence psychology in the 1970s and 1980s. New parenting practices such as co-parenting, attachment parenting, positive parenting, LGBTQ parenting, free-range parenting, increased father involvement to support gender equality, and increased use of Assisted Reproductive Technologies, mums-net parenting, and intentional single-mother families, donor-conception, surrogacy, and families with trans-parents have changed the parenting landscape dramatically in recent years. Advances in artificial intelligence, machine learning, genetic testing, and brain imaging are expected to bring about further changes in parenting practices. A rethink of the prevailing child-adolescent psychiatric diagnostic classification system may be called for because it challenges traditional notions of what constitutes "normal" or "healthy" parenting. Researchers and clinicians may need to reconsider how they define and diagnose disordered conditions in light of these changing parenting practices. Parents may have to be moved out of their present position as observers, reporters, and even treatment agents. This evidence-gathering narrative review aims to initiate the idea that parents should be made the focus of a diagnostic classification system as well as treatment instead of children. Overall, the proposed branch of parent and carer psychiatry—where parents, not their children, are made the focus of diagnostic categories—if it happens, would embarrass the rank and file of child and adolescent psychiatry.
Clinical efficacy of perampanel for partial-onset and primary generalized tonic–clonic seizures

Background and purpose: Perampanel, a selective noncompetitive antagonist at the α -amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor, is highly effective in a wide range of experimental models. Although initially licensed as adjunctive therapy for partial seizures with or without secondary generalization in patients aged 12 years or older, the US Food and Drug Administration has recently approved its use in the treatment of primary generalized tonic–clonic seizures (PGTCS). This paper reviews the pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and tolerability of perampanel as an antiepileptic drug. Results: After oral ingestion, perampanel is rapidly absorbed ( T max , 0.5–2.5 hours), has a bio-availability of ~ 100%, and is highly protein bound ( ~ 95%) in plasma. It undergoes extensive ( . 90%) hepatic metabolism, primarily via cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4), with a half-life of 48 hours. Carbamazepine and other antiepileptic drugs can enhance its metabolism via induction of CYP3A4. Efficacy of perampanel in focal seizures has been extensively evaluated in Phase II and randomized, placebo-controlled Phase III trials. The efficacy in PGTCS has been reported in one class I study. In the treatment of focal seizures, perampanel showed significant dose-dependent median seizure reductions: 4 mg/d, 23%; 8 mg/d, 26%–31%; 12 mg/d, 18%–35%; and placebo, 10%–21%. The 50% responder rates were 15%–26%, 29%, 33%–38%, and 34%–36% for placebo, 4 mg/d, 8 mg/d, and 12 mg/d perampanel, respectively. Freedom from seizures was recorded in 0%–1.7% of the placebo group, 1.9% of the 2 mg group, 2.6%–4.4% of the 8 mg group, and 2.6%–6.5% of the 12 mg group. For PGTCS, the median seizure reduction was 76.5% for perampanel and 38.4% for placebo. The 50% responder rate was 64.2% for perampanel and 39.5% for placebo. Seizure freedom during maintenance phase was 30.9% for perampanel and 12.3% for placebo. Adverse effects included dose-dependent increases in the frequency of dizziness, somnolence, fatigue, irritability, falls, and probably nausea. Conclusion: Perampanel is effective in treating both partial-onset seizures and PGTCS.
URBANIZATION ON SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOOD OF WOMEN IN PORT HARCOURT METROPOLIS, RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

The study assessed the effect of urbanization on the sustainable livelihood of women in Port Harcourt Metropolis. Structured interview schedule was used to elicit information from 105 women using the simple random technique . Purposive sampling method was used to select 7 core areas based on their state of rural before urbanization. The areas selected were Borokiri and Abuloma (Phalga), Eneka (Obalga), Obibo (Oyigbo), Akpajo (Eleme) and Igwuruta (Ikwerre). Data collected were subjected to descriptive statistics. Findings from the study revealed that 27% of the respondents were in the age range of 30-39, a higher percentage (41%) is married and can read and write (89%). The mean farming experience is 18 years and a higher percentage (24%) has been farming for 21-25 years. Furthermore, the study revealed that crop farming (21%) is predominately the source of livelihood for women including fishing (19.19%) and snail farming (19.1%). The perceived areas of urbanization were farm lands (m = 2.93), streams (m = 2.63), forest (m = 2.72), houses (2.60) and town halls (m = 2.55). The effects of urbanization on the sustainable livelihood of women in the study area were; urbanization has affected their social life (m=2.90), cultural activities (m=2.60), reduced farming activities (m=3.10), development of the area (m=2.90), led to high crime rate (m=2.55), resulted to no landed inheritance for future generation (m=2.61), congestion (m-2.52) and pollution (m=2.50). They study recommended that women should be taught how to use improved technologies and methods in order to increase their production on the available land farm.
Cardiac 123I-Metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) Scintigraphy in Parkinson’s Disease: A Comprehensive Review

Cardiac sympathetic denervation, as documented on 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) myocardial scintigraphy, is relatively sensitive and specific for distinguishing Parkinson’s disease (PD) from other neurodegenerative causes of parkinsonism. The present study aims to comprehensively review the literature regarding the use of cardiac MIBG in PD. MIBG is an analog to norepinephrine. They share the same uptake, storage, and release mechanisms. An abnormal result in the cardiac MIBG uptake in individuals with parkinsonism can be an additional criterion for diagnosing PD. However, a normal result of cardiac MIBG in individuals with suspicious parkinsonian syndrome does not exclude the diagnosis of PD. The findings of cardiac MIBG studies contributed to elucidating the pathophysiology of PD. We investigated the sensitivity and specificity of cardiac MIBG scintigraphy in PD. A total of 54 studies with 3114 individuals diagnosed with PD were included. The data were described as means with a Hoehn and Yahr stage of 2.5 and early and delayed registration H/M ratios of 1.70 and 1.51, respectively. The mean cutoff for the early and delayed phases were 1.89 and 1.86. The sensitivity for the early and delayed phases was 0.81 and 0.83, respectively. The specificity for the early and delayed phases were 0.86 and 0.80, respectively.
First record of Darwins slimehead, Gephyroberyx darwinii (Johnson, 1866) (Beryciformes: Trachichthyidae), in association with Brazilian deep reefs

Three species of the Trachichthyidae family occur in the south of Brazil: Paratrachichthys atlanticus, Hoplostethus occidentalis and Gephyroberyx darwinii. G. darwinii may attain a length of 600 mm (TL). This benthopelagic species occurs at depths down to 1210 m and is generally found in subtropical waters between 43oN and 35oS. It is commercially exploited in the east central Atlantic for food and for oil. In this paper we report the occurrence of G. darwinii off the south and south-east coasts of Brazil between Vila Velha (Espirito Santo State) and Rio Grande (Rio Grande do Sul State), in outer shelf and slope areas, at depths between 70 and 520 m. In Brazil the trachichthyids were usually caught while fishing for Lophius gastrophysus over deep coral bottoms. Meristic and biometric data are presented for the three collected specimens. Zusammenfassung
Individual Phenotype Does Not Impact the Outcome of Mechanical Aligned Total Knee Arthroplasties for Valgus Osteoarthritis

Background and Objectives: There is an ongoing discussion about the best alignment targets in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Mechanical alignment has been the standard in TKA for years. Alongside the development of various classification systems to describe the native alignment of the knee (knee phenotype), kinematic alignment restoring the individual phenotype of the knee has been advocated more recently. Alignment in TKA becomes even more challenging in knees with preoperative deformities such as valgus osteoarthritis. Materials and Methods: The study retrospectively evaluated 158 knees in 135 patients who underwent TKA with a mechanical alignment target for valgus osteoarthritis. Pre- and postoperative hip knee angle, lateral distal femur angle, and medial proximal tibial angle/tibial plate angle (pre-/postoperative) were measured on standing hip-to-ankle radiographs. Knees were grouped according to the coronal plane alignment of the knee (CPAK) classification. Preoperative and postoperative range of motion and patient-related outcome measures (WOMAC, UCLA, SF-12, pain) were assessed. Results: There was no difference in outcome for mechanically aligned TKA between the different CPAK phenotypes, suggesting that mechanical alignment is an appropriate target for the different phenotypes analyzed in the study. Remaining valgus alignment was associated with decreased postoperative UCLA scores and decreased improvement in SF-12 scores (p = 0.011/p = 0.028). Within CPAK III, mechanical aligned TKA showed better postoperative UCLA Scores than TKA with valgus alignment (p = 0.015). The individual knee phenotype in patients with valgus osteoarthritis did not influence the outcome of mechanical aligned TKA operated with standardized soft-tissue release.
The influence of management on the vegetation and carbon fluxes of blanket bog

This thesis presents evidence of the impact of anthropogenic management on the blanket bog ecosystem. The effects of management on carbon fluxes and vegetation through control of grazing and burning for blanket peats in the UK are explored and calculations of tentative climate warming potential of sample sites in the Sutherland and Caithness peatlands are presented. An examination through semi-quantitative literature review and the analysis of published field work data, of the relationship between the management of blanket bog and gaseous carbon fluxes in the UK, is presented. The geographical distribution of peatiands and blanket bog in the UK and the management actions that influence them are summarized. Previous work in relation to management on blanket bog is reviewed and some hypothetical ways in which management may affect carbon fluxes are, discussed. The main published works in the UK on carbon flux from peatland systems is reviewed, including fluxes to river systems in the form of dissolved organic carbon. A semi-quantitative synthesis of the published gaseous carbon fluxes in the UK reveals gaps in research. Mean methane emission is approximately 0.029 i.tmol C144 m 2 s, but there is no reliable estimate for net gaseous flux rates of carbon dioxide from UK blanket peats and both-winter fluxes and the impact of peatland management practices have been understudied The links between vegetation and management are analyzed through vegetation survey of blanket bog areas in the Caithness and Sutherland peatlands at the RSPB Forsinard Reserve and a long-term burning and grazing split plot experiment in the Moor House-Upper Teesdale National Nature Reserve. Vegetation structure as well as species composition was shown to be affected by management. The National Vegetation Classification method was insensitive to management treatments and may be of limited use for indicating management practices in the wider landscape for peatland ecosystems in the UK. Key climatic controls of gaseous carbon fluxes at the site scale were photosynthetically active radiation for CO2 in the light, soil temperature for CO 2 in the dark and soil temperature for CH 4 flux. There were some departures from theoretical predictors of gaseous fluxes that may have links to site management. The influence of management on the gaseous fluxes from the blanket bogs of the RSPB reserve at Forsinard is explored through the use of general linear models and
Seasonal Changes in Atmospheric Heat Transport to the Arctic Under Increased CO2

Arctic warming under increased CO2 peaks in winter, but is influenced by summer forcing via seasonal ocean heat storage. Yet changes in atmospheric heat transport into the Arctic have mainly been investigated in the annual mean or winter, with limited focus on other seasons. We investigate the full seasonal cycle of poleward heat transport modeled with increased CO2 or with individually applied Arctic sea‐ice loss and global sea‐surface warming. We find that a winter reduction in dry heat transport is driven by Arctic sea‐ice loss and warming, while a summer increase in moist heat transport is driven by sub‐Arctic warming and moistening. Intermodel spread in Arctic warming controls spread in seasonal poleward heat transport. These seasonal changes and their intermodel spread are well‐captured by down‐gradient diffusive heat transport. While changes in moist and dry heat transport compensate in the annual‐mean, their opposite seasonality may support non‐compensating effects on Arctic warming.
Examining the Role of Faculty Subcultures in Perceptions of Student Retention Initiatives

Scholars and practitioners have argued that student success must be a shared responsibility among members of the campus community. Academic and student affairs cultures play imperative roles in the establishment and success of partnerships designed to support student success. However, little is known about the differences within the academic affairs culture that shapes faculty members’ perceptions of such initiatives. Understanding how faculty members perceive student retention efforts is essential in developing a shared responsibility for student success. This research examines the extent to which faculty with various academic ranks (tenured/promoted, tenure track, and non-tenure track/non-promotional), years employed at current institution, and broad disciplinary areas vary in their perceptions of departmental and institutional retention initiatives. Faculty members’ perceptions of these retention initiatives are measured according to awareness of their departments’ and institutions’ academic and co-curricular activities, dedication of resources towards promoting retention, and communication about available support services. Results revealed variations among faculty members in their perceptions of departmental and institutional retention efforts according to the subcultures analysed. Implications for faculty members, student affairs staff members, and administration are considered.
The Physicochemical Attributes, Volatile Compounds, and Antioxidant Activities of Five Plum Cultivars in Sichuan

Plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.) is an important stone fruit crop in Sichuan that is increasingly in demand by consumers owing to its flavor and outstanding nutraceutical properties. The physicochemical characteristics, antioxidant capacity, and volatile profiles of five traditional and new plum cultivars in Sichuan were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The results showed that all plums exhibited an appropriate quality profile for fresh consumption; the new cultivar ‘ZH’ exhibited the highest soluble solids content, sugar–acid ratio, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and antioxidant capacity. High sugar–low acid properties were observed in five plum cultivars. Sucrose was the main sugar, while quinic acid and malic acid were the main organic acids. The plums were rich in volatile compounds and had specific volatile characteristics. A total of 737 volatiles were identified in the plum fruit, and orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis was employed to screen 40 differential volatiles as markers for cultivar distinction. These findings offer comprehensive information on the physicochemical characteristics, antioxidant capacity, and volatile profiles of plums.
Vertical GaN MOSFET Power Devices

Gallium nitride (GaN) possesses remarkable characteristics such as a wide bandgap, high critical electric field, robust antiradiation properties, and a high saturation velocity for high-power devices. These attributes position GaN as a pivotal material for the development of power devices. Among the various GaN-based devices, vertical GaN MOSFETs stand out for their numerous advantages over their silicon MOSFET counterparts. These advantages encompass high-power device applications. This review provides a concise overview of their significance and explores their distinctive architectures. Additionally, it delves into the advantages of vertical GaN MOSFETs and highlights their recent advancements. In conclusion, the review addresses methods to enhance the breakdown voltage of vertical GaN devices. This comprehensive perspective underscores the pivotal role of vertical GaN MOSFETs in the realm of power electronics and their continual progress.
A Transformer-Based Network for Hyperspectral Object Tracking

With the abundant spectral information, the hyperspectral images could be benefit for tracking the target in various application scenarios. Most of the predominant hyperspectral object tracking methods were based on transferred red–green–blue (RGB) object tracking networks, since the lack of training data. Different strategies of processing the hyperspectral images to adapt the transferred RGB object tracking networks have been exploited. However, the existing strategies led to lose the spectral information or the interaction information between bands and have shown limited performances. In this article, a novel transformer-based hyperspectral object tracking algorithm (Trans-HST) is proposed to make advantages of the spectral information with transformer modules. In Trans-HST, the cross-band groups of feature enhancement (CBFE) is introduced to reduce the negative effects of the interaction information loss. To address the problem of spectral information loss, the transformer-based deep features’ fusion (TDFF) fuses the deep features corresponding to different groups of bands in the hyperspectral images and integrates the deep feature corresponding to the original hyperspectral images into the fused features. Experiments on the commonly used hyperspectral object tracking dataset have been applied to verify the effectiveness of the two proposed modules, and they indicate the superior performance of the Trans-HST comparing with other RGB and hyperspectral trackers.