Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Synthetic Integral Cohomology in Cubical Agda

This paper discusses the formalization of synthetic cohomology theory in a cubical extension of Agda which natively supports univalence and higher inductive types. This enables significant simplifications of many proofs from Homotopy Type Theory and Univalent Foundations as steps that used to require long calculations now hold simply by computation. To this end, we give a new definition of the group structure for cohomology with Z -coefficients, optimized for efficient computations. We also invent an optimized definition of the cup product which allows us to give the first complete formalization of the axioms needed to turn the integral cohomology groups into a graded commutative ring. Using this, we characterize the cohomology groups of the spheres, torus, Klein bottle and real/complex projective planes. As all proofs are constructive we can then use Cubical Agda to distinguish between spaces by computation
Specific Rhizobacteria Responsible in the Rhizosheath System of Kengyilia hirsuta

The rhizosheath is a critical interface supporting the exchange of resources between plants and their associated environment of soil. Favorable microenvironment of rhizosphere soil provides the rhizosheath formed and then promotes desert plant survival. However, it remains unclear how rhizosheath benefits the colonization of pioneer plants in alpine desert under changing environment. In this study, we investigated the effect of different soil moisture and sterilization treatments (three moisture levels and unsterilized or sterilized soil) on rhizosheath forming process of Kengyilia hirsuta (K. hirsuta), a sand-inhabiting and drought-resistant pioneer plant of the Tibetan Plateau desert. The results showed that in both unsterilized and sterilized soil, increasing soil moisture first increased and then decreased rhizosheath weight, with the highest value is 25%. During rhizosheath formation, developing rhizosheaths were selectively enriched in the bacterial genera Massilia and Arthrobacter. These suggest the existence of a highly specialized signal recognition system during rhizosheath formation that involves the accumulation of bacteria. These bacterial species exhibited different roles in the process of rhizosheath formation and is an advantageous strategy for K. hirsuta.
Robust Optimization of Micro-Grid of Natural Gas and Renewable Energies Considering Operational Performances and Flexibility

The micro-grid based on renewable and fossil energies relieves environmental pollution due to fuel pollutant emission and offsets renewable energies’ instabilities. A micro-grid integrated with wind, solar, and natural gas is proposed. Primary energy saving rate, annual total cost saving rate, and carbon dioxide emission reduction rate are employed to evaluate the energetic, economic, and environmental performances of micro-grid, and grid integration level and net interaction level between micro-grid and national grid are used to show its system operational flexibility. The multi-objective robust optimization model considering these indicators in non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II is constructed, in which the linear regression models fitted using points in the neighborhood of each candidate solution are used to present sensitivity analysis for the selection process of optimal solutions. The simulations in a case study demonstrate the validation of the proposed optimization model. The results show that the primary energy saving rate, annual total cost-saving rate, and CO2 reduction rate are decreased by 1.7, 19.8, and 1.2%, respectively, when integrating system flexibility into optimization objectives.
PFKFB3 Regulates Chemoresistance, Metastasis and Stemness via IAP Proteins and the NF-κB Signaling Pathway in Ovarian Cancer

Glycolysis has been reported to be critical for cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are associated with tumor chemoresistance, metastasis and recurrence. Thus, selectively targeting glycolytic enzymes may be a potential therapy for ovarian cancer. 6‐phosphofructo‐2‐kinase/fructose‐2,6‐biphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3), the main source of fructose-2,6-bisphosphate, controls the first committed step in glycolysis. We investigate the clinical significance and roles of PFKFB3 in ovarian cancer using in vitro and in vivo experiments. We demonstrate that PFKFB3 is widely overexpressed in ovarian cancer and correlates with advanced stage/grade and poor outcomes. Significant up-regulation of PFKFB3 was found in ascites and metastatic foci, as well as CSC-enriched tumorspheres and ALDH+CD44+ cells. 3PO, a PFKFB3 inhibitor, reduced lactate level and sensitized A2780CP cells to cisplatin treatment, along with the modulation of inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (c-IAP1, c-IAP2 and survivin) and an immune modulator CD70. Blockade of PFKFB3 by siRNA approach in the CSC-enriched subset led to decreases in glycolysis and CSC properties, and activation of the NF-κB cascade. PFK158, another potent inhibitor of PFKFB3, impaired the stemness of ALDH+CD44+ cells in vitro and in vivo, whereas ectopic expression of PFKFB3 had the opposite results. Overall, PFKFB3 was found to mediate metabolic reprogramming, chemoresistance, metastasis and stemness in ovarian cancer, possibly via the modulation of inhibitors of apoptosis proteins and the NF-κB signaling pathway; thus, suggesting that PFKFB3 may be a potential therapeutic target for ovarian cancer.
Localization and Mapping on Agriculture Based on Point-Feature Extraction and Semiplanes Segmentation From 3D LiDAR Data

Developing ground robots for agriculture is a demanding task. Robots should be capable of performing tasks like spraying, harvesting, or monitoring. However, the absence of structure in the agricultural scenes challenges the implementation of localization and mapping algorithms. Thus, the research and development of localization techniques are essential to boost agricultural robotics. To address this issue, we propose an algorithm called VineSLAM suitable for localization and mapping in agriculture. This approach uses both point- and semiplane-features extracted from 3D LiDAR data to map the environment and localize the robot using a novel Particle Filter that considers both feature modalities. The numeric stability of the algorithm was tested using simulated data. The proposed methodology proved to be suitable to localize a robot using only three orthogonal semiplanes. Moreover, the entire VineSLAM pipeline was compared against a state-of-the-art approach considering three real-world experiments in a woody-crop vineyard. Results show that our approach can localize the robot with precision even in long and symmetric vineyard corridors outperforming the state-of-the-art algorithm in this context.
Transcriptional Coactivators: Driving Force of Plant Immunity

Salicylic acid (SA) is a plant defense signal that mediates local and systemic immune responses against pathogen invasion. However, the underlying mechanism of SA-mediated defense is very complex due to the involvement of various positive and negative regulators to fine-tune its signaling in diverse pathosystems. Upon pathogen infections, elevated level of SA promotes massive transcriptional reprogramming in which Non-expresser of PR genes 1 (NPR1) acts as a central hub and transcriptional coactivator in defense responses. Recent findings show that Enhanced Disease Susceptibility 1 (EDS1) also functions as a transcriptional coactivator and stimulates the expression of PR1 in the presence of NPR1 and SA. Furthermore, EDS1 stabilizes NPR1 protein level, while NPR1 sustains EDS1 expression during pathogenic infection. The interaction of NPR1 and EDS1 coactivators initiates transcriptional reprogramming by recruiting cyclin-dependent kinase 8 in the Mediator complex to control immune responses. In this review, we highlight the recent breakthroughs that considerably advance our understanding on how transcriptional coactivators interact with their functional partners to trigger distinct pathways to facilitate immune responses, and how SA accumulation induces dynamic changes in NPR1 structure for transcriptional reprogramming. In addition, the functions of different Mediator subunits in SA-mediated plant immunity are also discussed in light of recent discoveries. Taken together, the available evidence suggests that transcriptional coactivators are essential and potent regulators of plant defense pathways and play crucial roles in coordinating plant immune responses during plant–pathogen interactions.
The Role of Mitotic Kinases and the RZZ Complex in Kinetochore-Microtubule Attachments: Doing the Right Link

During mitosis, the interaction of kinetochores (KTs) with microtubules (MTs) drives chromosome congression to the spindle equator and supports the segregation of sister chromatids. Faithful genome partition critically relies on the ability of chromosomes to establish and maintain proper amphitelic end-on attachments, a configuration in which sister KTs are connected to robust MT fibers emanating from opposite spindle poles. Because the capture of spindle MTs by KTs is error prone, cells use mechanisms that sense and correct inaccurate KT-MT interactions before committing to segregate sister chromatids in anaphase. If left unresolved, these errors can result in the unequal distribution of chromosomes and lead to aneuploidy, a hallmark of cancer. In this review, we provide an overview of the molecular strategies that monitor the formation and fine-tuning of KT-MT attachments. We describe the complex network of proteins that operates at the KT-MT interface and discuss how AURORA B and PLK1 coordinate several concurrent events so that the stability of KT-MT attachments is precisely modulated throughout mitotic progression. We also outline updated knowledge on how the RZZ complex is regulated to ensure the formation of end-on attachments and the fidelity of mitosis.
Specific Types of Physical Exercises, Dietary Preferences, and Obesity Patterns With the Incidence of Hypertension: A 26-years Cohort Study

Objectives: To examine the associations of specific types of physical exercises, dietary preferences, and obesity patterns with incident hypertension. Methods: In this cohort study, obesity patterns were defined using general and abdominal obesity as G-/A-, G+/A- or G-/A+, and G+/A+. The type of physical exercises and dietary preferences were collected using a validated questionnaire. Participants with systemic blood pressure/diastolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg/90 mmHg, use of antihypertensive medications, or a self-reported diagnosis were identified as hypertension. Results: There were 10,713 participants in this study. Martial arts, gymnastics, and ping pong could decrease the risk of hypertension (HR: 0.792, 0.884, and 0.855; and 95% CI: 0.743–0.845, 0.825–0.948, and 0.767–0.953, respectively). However, TV or computer usage, and consumption of fast food, soft/sugared drinks, and salty snack food could increase incident hypertension (HR: 1.418, 1.381, 1.233, and 1.225; and 95% CI: 1.315–1.529, 1.269–1.504, 1.157–1.314, and 1.139–1.316, respectively). Obese subjects had an increased risk of hypertension. Conclusion: The type of physical exercises, dietary preferences, and obesity patterns were associated with incident hypertension. More attention should be paid to these lifestyles to benefit health outcomes.
Impaired Verbal Memory Recall in Patients With Axonal Degeneration and Serum Glycine-Receptor Autoantibodies—Case Series

Background Glycine receptor antibody-associated neuropsychiatric disease is currently known to be dominated by the phenotypes stiff-person syndrome and progressive encephalomyelitis entailing rigidity and myoclonus. In our case series we aim to depict the less-often reported feature of cognitive impairment associated with glycine receptor antibodies. Methods We investigated five patients with cognitive impairment varying from mild cognitive impairment to dementia associated with serum glycine receptor antibodies. Mild and major neurocognitive disorders were diagnosed according to the DSM-5 (fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders). Neuropsychology via Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD) testing results, psychopathology data via the Manual for the Assessment and Documentation of Psychopathology in Psychiatry (AMDP), cerebrospinal fluid analysis and magnetic resonance imaging data were retrospectively analyzed from patient files. Results We identified five patients with cognitive impairment as the main neuropsychiatric feature associated with serum glycine receptor antibodies. One patient also presented akinetic rigidity syndrome. The psychopathology comprised disorders of attention and memory, orientation, formal thought, and affect. In addition to suffering deficits in verbal memory function, figural recall, phonematic fluency, and globally deteriorated cognitive function, these patients presented seriously impaired memory recall in particular. Tau protein and phosphorylated tau protein 181 were elevated in 75% of patients. Conclusions Our results suggest that axonal neurodegeneration and especially impaired verbal memory recall in addition to deficits in verbal and figural memory characterize patients with progressive cognitive impairment associated with glycine receptor antibodies. This unresolved issue should be clarified by researchers to discover whether axonal degeneration is merely an age-related phenomenon or one related to glycine-receptor autoantibodies in old age. Cognitive impairment as a neuropsychiatric syndrome of glycine-receptor antibody disease is a potential, conceivable, but so far unproven additional feature requiring deeper large-scale investigations and consideration during differential diagnosis in memory clinics.
Novel Compounds Synergize With Venetoclax to Target KMT2A-Rearranged Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia

In pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML), fusions involving lysine methyltransferase 2A (KMT2A) are considered hallmarks of aggressive AML, for whom the development of targeted specific therapeutic agents to ameliorate classic chemotherapy and obtain a complete eradication of disease is urgent. In this study, we investigated the antiapoptotic proteins in a cohort of 66 pediatric AML patients, finding that 75% of the KMT2A-r are distributed in Q3 + Q4 quartiles of BCL-2 expression, and KMT2A-r have statistically significant high levels of BCL-2, phospho-BCL-2 S70, and MCL-1, indicating a high anti-apoptotic pathway activation. In an attempt to target it, we tested novel drug combinations of venetoclax, a B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) inhibitor, in KMT2A-MLLT3, for being the most recurrent, and KMT2A-AFDN, for mediating the worst prognosis, rearranged AML cell lines. Our screening revealed that both the bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET) inhibitor, I-BET151, and kinase inhibitor, sunitinib, decreased the BCL-2 family protein expression and significantly synergized with venetoclax, enhancing KMT2A-r AML cell line death. Blasts t (6; 11) KMT2A-AFDN rearranged, both from cell lines and primary samples, were shown to be significantly highly responsive to the combination of venetoclax and thioridazine, with the synergy being induced by a dramatic increase of mitochondrial depolarization that triggered blast apoptosis. Finally, the efficacy of novel combined drug treatments was confirmed in KMT2A-r AML cell lines or ex vivo primary KMT2A-r AML samples cultured in a three-dimensional system which mimics the bone marrow niche. Overall, this study identified that, by high-throughput screening, the most KMT2A-selective drugs converged in different but all mitochondrial apoptotic network activation, supporting the use of venetoclax in this AML setting. The novel drug combinations here unveiled provide a rationale for evaluating these combinations in preclinical studies to accelerate the introduction of targeted therapies for the life-threatening KMT2A-AML subgroup of pediatric AML.
Psychometric Evaluation of the Parental Reflective Functioning Questionnaire in Chinese Parents

Parental reflective functioning (PRF) is important for parenting and child development. To effectively assess PRF in Chinese parents, this study aimed to revise the Parental Reflective Functioning Questionnaire (PRFQ) for the Chinese context. The original Chinese version of the PRFQ (PRFQ-C) was revised by following psychometric validation procedures in a sample of Chinese parents (N = 2,021, 1,034 mothers and 987 fathers). A series of psychometric analyses, including confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), internal consistency reliability analysis, discriminant validity, and criterion-related validity analysis, and analysis for measurement invariance between mothers and fathers, were conducted. The CFA results indicated that the final 12-item, three-factor model had a good fit {χ2(49) = 472.381; CFI = 0.929; TLI = 0.904; RMSEA = 0.065, 90%CI = [0.060, 0.071]}. The Chinese version of the PRFQ with 12 items (PRFQ-12C) showed satisfactory reliability (omega = 0.68–0.82), discriminant validity [heterotrait-monotrait (HTMT) values < 0.85], and criterion-related validity. The PRFQ-12C also had measurement invariance across mothers and fathers. In conclusion, the PRFQ-12C is psychometrically sound and can be applied in China.
Deciphering Degassing and Source Effects in Cl Isotopes in Melt Inclusions: The Possible Role of Amphibole in the Magma Source of Stromboli (Aeolian Island Arc)

Chlorine isotopes have emerged as a new geochemical tool over the past 15 years. Most of the data consist of bulk rock data, with a minority carried out in situ on melt inclusions using secondary ion mass spectrometry. More data are necessary to understand the relationship between δ37Cl measured in melt inclusions and that in bulk rocks from the same volcanic center. Here we have analyzed a suite of melt inclusions entrapped in olivine Fo63-85, as well as some from clinopyroxene crystals, from a single hand-sample from the Vancori unit of Stromboli, Aeolian Islands. The 27 selected melt inclusions have major element compositions ranging from high potassium alkali basalt to evolved shoshonite. Their δ37Cl vary from −2.6 ± 0.1‰ to +1.2 ± 0.2‰, a far larger range than for Stromboli bulk rocks. In this dataset, the δ37Cl variation in melt inclusions is not related to Cl degassing, or to fractional crystallization. Instead, correlations between δ37Cl and S/Cl, K2O and trace element ratios suggest mixing of two Cl endmembers with distinct δ37Cl signatures. A first endmember is characterized by high potassium alkali basalt compositions, high Ba/La (∼28), high S/Cl, and high δ37Cl (>1‰), confirming the influence in the mantle source of an aqueous fluid and providing a new constraint on its composition: that it derives from the breakdown of amphibole. The second endmember has a more evolved composition, high La/Yb, low S/Cl, and low δ37Cl (<−2‰), identifying the influence of a solute-rich component derived from subducted sediments. The δ37Cl data thus help refine the two sources initially identified from bulk rock studies and δ37Cl proves to be a potential tracer for amphibole.
Is Harmonicity a Misnomer for Cultural Familiarity in Consonance Preferences?

The question of simultaneous consonance and dissonance—the relative agreeableness/stability vs. disagreeableness/instability of pitch combinations—has received a substantial amount of scholarly attention recently (see e.g., Friedman et al., 2021; Harrison, 2021; Lahdelma et al., 2021). A consensus has been emerging in recent years that the Western notion of consonance/dissonance (C/D) is a combination of the acoustic phenomena of roughness and harmonicity, and the cultural effect of familiarity (see e.g., Harrison and Pearce, 2020). Roughness denotes the sound quality that arises from the beating of frequency components, harmonicity in turn how closely a sonority’s spectrum corresponds to a harmonic series. Familiarity denotes the prevalence of sonorities in a given musical culture which affects how familiar listeners are with different pitch combinations present in actual music (see Johnson-Laird et al., 2012; Harrison and Pearce, 2020; Lahdelma and Eerola, 2020). In the light of recent research spanning cross-cultural fieldwork and psychoacoustic approaches we argue that the presumably acoustic (bottom-up) contribution of harmonicity is in fact so closely related to cultural familiarity (top-down) that its unique role as a predictor of consonance preferences can be contested. We propose that the role of ‘harmonicity’ may in fact be familiarity with the tonal framework that all Western listeners know either explicitly or implicitly (Johnson-Laird et al., 2012).
Antiplatelet Therapy for Atherothrombotic Disease in 2022—From Population to Patient-Centered Approaches

Antiplatelet agents, with aspirin and P2Y12 receptor antagonists as major key molecules, are currently the cornerstone of pharmacological treatment of atherothrombotic events including a variety of cardio- and cerebro-vascular as well as peripheral artery diseases. Over the last decades, significant changes have been made to antiplatelet therapeutic and prophylactic strategies. The shift from a population-based approach to patient-centered precision medicine requires greater awareness of individual risks and benefits associated with the different antiplatelet strategies, so that the right patient gets the right therapy at the right time. In this review, we present the currently available antiplatelet agents, outline different management strategies, particularly in case of bleeding or in perioperative setting, and develop the concept of high on-treatment platelet reactivity and the steps toward person-centered precision medicine aiming to optimize patient care.
Detection and Localization of Myocardial Infarction Based on Multi-Scale ResNet and Attention Mechanism

Purpose Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the most common cardiovascular diseases, frequently resulting in death. Early and accurate diagnosis is therefore important, and the electrocardiogram (ECG) is a simple and effective method for achieving this. However, it requires assessment by a specialist; so many recent works have focused on the automatic assessment of ECG signals. Methods For the detection and localization of MI, deep learning models have been proposed, but the diagnostic accuracy of this approaches still need to be improved. Moreover, with deep learning methods the way in which a given result was achieved lacks interpretability. In this study, ECG data was obtained from the PhysioBank open access database, and was analyzed as follows. Firstly, the 12-lead ECG signal was preprocessed to identify each beat and obtain each heart interval. Secondly, a multi-scale deep learning model combined with a residual network and attention mechanism was proposed, where the input was the 12-lead ECG recording. Through the SENet model and the Grad-CAM algorithm, the weighting of each lead was calculated and visualized. Using existing knowledge of the way in which different types of MI gave characteristic patterns in specific ECG leads, the model was used to provisionally diagnose the type of MI according to the characteristics of each of the 12 ECG leads. Results Ten types of MI anterior, anterior lateral, anterior septal, inferior, inferior lateral, inferior posterior, inferior posterior lateral, lateral, posterior, and posterior lateral were diagnosed. The average accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity for MI detection of all lesion types was 99.98, 99.94, and 99.98%, respectively; and the average accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity for MI localization was 99.79, 99.88, and 99.98%, respectively. Conclusion When compared to existing models based on traditional machine learning methods, convolutional neural networks and recurrent neural networks, the results showed that the proposed model had better diagnostic performance, being superior in accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity.