Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Differentiation-induced Posttranscriptional Control of B7-H1 in Human Trophoblast Cells

Trophoblast expression of immunomodulatory proteins in the human placenta is among the mechanisms that are critical for ensuring lymphocyte tolerance to the semi-allogeneic fetus. High levels of B7-H1 on trophoblast cells together with the known role of this protein in establishment of peripheral tolerance suggest that B7-H1 mediates immunological protection of the placenta during gestation. In this study we investigated the molecular mechanisms of regulation of B7-H1 in trophoblast cells by epidermal growth factor (EGF), a key regulator of trophoblast cell differentiation. EGF increased B7-H1 protein levels within 24 hours and mRNA levels within 4 hours of the initiation of treatment; by 24 hours B7-H1 mRNA levels were similar between control and EGF-treated cells. Analysis of two different potential promoter regions revealed strong promoter activity in response to IFN-γ. In contrast, no promoter activity could be induced by EGF, suggesting that this cytokine regulates B7-H1 expression post-transcriptionally in trophoblast cells. EGF-induced B7-H1 protein expression was completely blocked in the presence of inhibitors of the PI3Kinase/Akt/mTOR pathway, a pathway known to regulate gene expression at the translational level. Finally, analysis of monosomal and polysomal mRNA fractions of untreated and EGF-treated term trophoblast cells revealed that EGF induces a shift towards the translatable fractions and away from the untranslated fractions. These results highlight a novel mechanism for regulation of B7 family proteins in the placenta.
ACUTE & PERIOPERATIVE PAIN SECTION Perioperative Management of Buprenorphine: Solving the Conundrum

Objective. There is no consensus on the optimal perioperative management of patients on buprenorphine (BUP) for opioid use disorder (OUD). This article will review the available literature on BUP and the analgesic efficacy of BUP combined with full mu-opioid agonists and discuss the conflicting management strategies in the context of acute pain and our institution’s protocol for the periprocedural management of BUP. Methods. We searched published data on BUP periprocedural management from inception through March 2018 without language restrictions. Study selection included publications reporting outcomes on perioperative pain management in OUD patients maintained on BUP. Results. Our search resulted in four case reports supporting periprocedural discontinuation of BUP and two case series, one secondary observational study, one prospective matched cohort study, and four retrospective cohort studies supporting periprocedural continuation of BUP. No clinical trials were identified. Conclusions. Maintaining BUP perioperatively does not lead to worsened clinical outcomes. Patients can receive adequate pain control from mu-opioid agonists while maintained on BUP. Based upon available evidence, we recommend continuing BUP at a reduced dose when indicated to avoid withdrawal symptoms and to facilitate the analgesic efficacy of mu-opioid agonists administered in combination for acute postoperative pain.
advances in the relationship between cow ' s milk allergy and gastroesophageal reflux in infants

Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) and cow’s milk allergy (CMA) are common disorders in infants. In recent years, more and more research has investigated the relationship between these two diseases. Some studies reported that about half of the cases of GER in infants younger than 1 year may be an association with CMA. Therefore, overall understanding the role of CMA on the pathogenesis of GER has a great importance on improving clinical level of diagnosis and therapy. This review article tried to elaborate advances in research on the relationship between CMA and GER in infants, including epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment. [Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2016, 18(7): 666-670]
Sodium Transport by Rat Cortical Collecting Tubule

We have used rat cortical collecting tubules perfused in vitro to study the effects of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and desoxycorticosterone (DOCA) on the unidirectional fluxes of sodium. We found that in the basal state, lumen-to-bath flux (Jib) and bath-to-lumen flux (JbJ) of 22Na were approximately equal, 39.5±3.9 and 41.8±11.0 pmol min-1 mm-', respectively, resulting in no net flux. Addition of 100 1U/ml ADH to the bath produced a stable increase in Jib to 583±4.7 pmol* min-' * mm-'. Pretreatment of the animal with DOCA for 4 to 7 d (20 mg/kg per d) increased baseline Jlb to 81.6±8.7 pmol* min-' * mm-'. Addition ofADH to a tubule from a DOCA-pretreated rat caused an increase in Jib to 144.1±12.0 pmol* min-' mm-'. Neither hormone had an effect on Jbi. Thus ADH produced a greater absolute and fractional increase in Jib when the animal was pretreated with DOCA, and the ADH-induced increase over baseline was greater than the DOCA-induced increase. Both the ADHand DOCA-induced stimulation of Jib were completely abolished by 10-5M luminal amiloride, suggesting that the route of sodium transport stimulated by both hormones involves apical sodium channels. However, ADH and DOCA have very different time courses of action; ADH acted within minutes, while aldosterone and DOCA are known to require 90-180 min. The facilitating action of ADH on DOCA-induced stimulation of sodium transport may be important for maximal sodium reabsorption and for the ability to achieve a maximally concentrated urine.
HEPATITIS A AND B SUPERIMPOSED ON CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE: VACCINE-PREVENTABLE DISEASES

A number of studies have demonstrated that the acquisition of hepatitis A or hepatitis B in patients with chronic liver disease is associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Superimposition of acute hepatitis A in patients with chronic hepatitis C has been associated with a particularly high mortality rate, and chronic hepatitis B virus coinfection with hepatitis C virus is associated with an accelerated progression of chronic liver disease to cirrhosis, decompensated liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. With the availability of vaccines against hepatitis B and hepatitis A since 1981 and 1995, respectively, these are vaccine-preventable diseases. Studies have confirmed that hepatitis A and hepatitis B vaccines are safe and immunogenic in patients with mild to moderate chronic liver disease. However, hepatitis A and B vaccination is less effective in patients with advanced liver disease and after liver transplantation. These observations have led to the recommendation that patients undergo hepatitis A and B vaccination early in the natural history of their chronic liver disease. Vaccination rates are low in clinical practice, and public health and educational programs are needed to overcome barriers to facilitate timely implementation of these recommendations.
Brief communications Peeling and aspiration of elschnig pearls! An effective alternative to Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy!

To evaluate the efficacy of peeling and aspiration of Elschnig pearls. Retrospective study in a medical college hospital. Records of 217 eyes which underwent surgical peeling and aspiration for membranous PCO between 2006 and 2009, was reviewed. Peeling and aspiration was fashioned with a blunt tipped 20G cannula after stabilizing anterior chamber with anterior chamber maintainer. Post-operative vision and complications were analyzed. Mc Nemar and Chi square tests. The mean age was 56.84 years. 85.71% patients achieved best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 20/20 at 3 m. Recurrence of pearls, uveitis and cystoid macular edema were the most common causes of reduced vision. Peeling and aspiration of pearls seem to be a viable alternative to Neodymium yttrium garner aluminium (Nd: YAG) laser capsulotomy for membranous PCO.
Resting-state MEG Source Imaging Pilot Study in Children with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) accounts for the vast majority of all pediatric TBI. An important minority of children who have suffered a mTBI has enduring cognitive and emotional symptoms. However, the mechanisms of chronic symptoms in children with pediatric mTBI are not fully understood. This is in-part due to the limited sensitivity of conventional neuroimaging technologies. The present study examined resting-state magnetoencephalography (rs-MEG) source images in 12 children who had mTBI and 12 age-matched control children. The rs-MEG exams were performed in children with mTBI 6 months after injury when they reported no clinically significant post-injury psychiatric changes, few if any somatic sensorimotor symptoms but did report cognitive symptoms. MEG source magnitude images were obtained for different frequency bands in alpha (8-12 Hz), beta (15-30 Hz), gamma (30-90 Hz), and low-frequency (1-7 Hz) bands. In contrast to the control participants, rs-MEG source imaging in the children with mTBI showed: 1) hyperactivity from bilateral insular cortices in alpha, beta, and low-frequency bands, from left amygdala in alpha band, and from left precuneus in beta band; 2) hypoactivity from bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortices (dlPFC) in alpha and beta bands, from ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) in beta band, from ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (vlPFC) in gamma band, from anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in alpha band, and from right precuneus in alpha band. The present study showed that MEG source imaging technique revealed abnormalities in the resting-state electromagnetic signals from the children with mTBI.
CALCIUM REGULATION OF MUSCLE CONTRACTION

Calcium triggers contraction by reacting with regulatory proteins that in the absence of calcium prevent interaction of actin and myosin. Two different regulatory systems are found in different muscles. In actin-linked regulation troponin and tropomyosin regulate actin by blocking sites on actin required for complex formation with myosin; in myosin-linked regulation sites on myosin are blocked in the absence of calcium. The major features of actin control are as follows: there is a requirement for tropomyosin and for a troponin complex having three different subunits with different functions; the actin displays a cooperative behavior; and a movement of tropomyosin occurs controlled by the calcium binding on troponin. Myosin regulation is controlled by a regulatory subunit that can be dissociated in scallop myosin reversibly by removing divalent cations with EDTA. Myosin control can function with pure actin in the absence of tropomyosin. Calcium binding and regulation of molluscan myosins depend on the presence of regulatory light chains. It is proposed that the light chains function by sterically blocking myosin sites in the absence of calcium, and that the "off" state of myosin requires cooperation between the two myosin heads. Both myosin control and actin control are widely distributed in different organisms. Many invertebrates have muscles with both types of regulation. Actin control is absent in the muscles of molluscs and in several minor phyla that lack troponin. Myosin control is not found in striated vertebrate muscles and in the fast muscles of crustacean decapods, although regulatory light chains are present. While in vivo myosin control may not be excluded from vertebrate striated muscles, myosin control may be absent as a result of mutations of the myosin heavy chain.
Investigation of the relationship between udder quarter somatic cell count and udder skin surface temperature of dairy cows measured by infrared thermography1

The objective of the present study was to quantify the relationship between udder skin surface temperature (USST) and somatic cell count (SCC) in lactating dairy cows. Data were recorded on the same 14 Holstein-Friesian cows, at evening (15:00 to 16:00) milking every day over a 2-mo period. Surface temperature measurements of all udders were extracted from thermal images. After imaging, milk was extracted from each quarter and analyzed for SCC. Environmental and cow-related factors (i.e., ambient temperature, humidity, rainfall, wind speed, distance walked to the parlor, number of days since the udder was shaved, parity, and stage of lactation) were recorded on each day of the experiment. A large array of descriptive temperature parameters (DTP) were extracted from every udder image including temperature-based (e.g., maximum, average and minimum USST), pixel count-based, and textural-based DTPs. Several different analytical methods were tested in an attempt to relate any given DTP to SCC; this included investigating the relationship between USST and the log transform of SCC (i.e., somatic cell score; SCS). The temperature range within each udder was also compared with the natural log of the range in SCC of the respective quarters. In a separate analysis, the temperature difference between each DTP and its respective daily baseline (i.e., average of the 5 lowest values of that DTP across the herd) was compared with SCS. Finally, the association between environmental and cow-related factors with each DTP was investigated to create prediction models for each DTP, the residuals of which were compared with SCC. Results from the present study indicate that the correlation between any DTP and SCS was weak (range of −0.16 to 0.19) and so could not be used to identify quarters with high SCC. Although some alternative measures had a significant relationship with SCS, again, the correlation was too weak for practical use on its own. Maximum and average USST could be predicted with a root mean square error of 0.23 and 0.35 °C, respectively, although the residuals from the prediction model could not be used to identify animals with high SCC. This suggests that infrared thermography alone could not be used as a real-time automated tool to detect high SCC for dairy cows in a pasture-based system.
Understanding CD8+ T cell immunity to T. cruzi and how to improve it

The protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi is the causative agent of Chagas disease, endemic in Latin America but present worldwide. Research efforts have focused on the examination of immune mechanisms that mediate host-protection as well as immunopathology during this parasitic infection. The study of CD8+ T cell immunity emerges as a key aspect given the critical importance of parasite-specific CD8+ T cells for host resistance throughout the infection. In the last years, new research has shed light about novel pathways that modulate the induction, maintenance and regulation of CD8+ T cell responses to T. cruzi. This new knowledge is setting the ground for future vaccines and/or immunotherapies. Herein, we critically review and analyze the latest results published in the field.
RELATION OF CENTRAL FAT MASS TO OSA IN THE ELDERLY

501 Central Fat Mass and Sleep Apnea in the Elderly—Degache et al INTRODUCTION Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is the most frequent sleep-related breathing disorder (SRBD), with an observed prevalence of 2% to 4% in middle-aged adults2,3 and up to 20% in the elderly.4 Characterized by repeated collapse of the pharynx during sleep, OSAS leads to oxygen desaturation, fragmented sleep, daytime sleepiness, and cardiovascular complications. Hypertension,1 coronary heart disease, and chronic heart failure are all significantly associated with OSAS. More than age, obesity has been found to be the major risk factor for OSAS occurrence, with a 10% weight gain beyond the normal range being associated with an increased risk of developing this disorder.5 The mechanisms linking obesity with risk of OSAS include diminished pharyngeal lumen diameter, due to fatty tissue in the lateral airway walls, decreased upper airway muscle force due to fatty deposits in the muscles, and reduced upper airway diameter secondary to a mass effect of the enlarged abdomen on the chest walls and tracheal traction.6-8 Moreover, previRELATION OF CENTRAL FAT MASS TO OSA IN THE ELDERLY
PhD in Vivo 19 F Mr imaging cell Tracking of inflammatory Macrophages and site-specific Development of colitis-associated Dysplasia 1

194 radiology.rsna. org n Radiology: Volume 282: Number 1—January 2017 1 From the Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering (S.H.S., D.K.K., J.W.M.B.), Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research (S.H.S., D.K.K., J.W.M.B.), Department of Oncology (D.K.K., J.W.M.B.), Department of Biomedical Engineering (S.H.S., J.W.M.B.), and Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering (J.W.M.B.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 217 Traylor Bldg, 720 Rutland Ave, Baltimore, MD 21205. Received October 29, 2015; revision requested December 21; revision received January 26, 2016; accepted February 19; final version accepted May 4. Address correspondence to J.W. M. (e-mail: jwmbulte@mri.jhu.edu).
Added Value of Intraoperative Data for Predicting PostoperativeComplications

Background: Models that predict postoperative complications often ignore important intraoperative events and physiological changes. This study tested the hypothesis that accuracy, discrimination, and precision in predicting postoperative complications would improve when using both preoperative and intraoperative data input data compared with preoperative data alone. Methods: This retrospective cohort analysis included 43,943 adults undergoing 52,529 inpatient surgeries at a single institution during a five-year period. Random forest machine learning models in the validated MySurgeryRisk platform made patient-level predictions for seven postoperative complications and mortality occurring during hospital admission using electronic health record data and patient neighborhood characteristics. For each outcome, one model trained with preoperative data alone; one model trained with both preoperative and intraoperative data. Models were compared by accuracy, discrimination (expressed as AUROC: area under the receiver operating characteristic curve), precision (expressed as AUPRC: area under the precision-recall curve), and reclassification indices. Results: Machine learning models incorporating both preoperative and intraoperative data had greater accuracy, discrimination, and precision than models using preoperative data alone for Corresponding author: Azra Bihorac MD MS, Department of Medicine, Precision and Intelligent Systems in Medicine (PrismaP), Division of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Renal Transplantation, PO Box 100224, Gainesville, FL 32610-0224. Telephone: (352) 294-8580; Fax: (352) 392-5465; abihorac@ufl.edu. Author contributions: SD, TJL, MMR, CG, PR, TO, and AB contributed to the study design. SD and TJL drafted the manuscript. All authors contributed to data analysis and interpretation. MMR, CG, GRU, PR, TO, and AB provided critical revisions. *These authors have contributed equally Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. HHS Public Access Author manuscript J Surg Res. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2021 October 01. Published in final edited form as: J Surg Res. 2020 October ; 254: 350–363. doi:10.1016/j.jss. 2020.05. 007. A uhor M anscript
Randomized controlled trial of computerized tailored physical activity reports

Background— Computerized, tailored interventions have the potential to be a cost-effective means to assist a wide variety of individuals with behavior change. To examine the effect of computerized tailored physical activity reports on primary care patients' physical activity at six months. Design— Two-group randomized clinical trial with primary care physicians as the unit of randomization. Patients were placed in the intervention (n=187) or control group (n=207) based on their physician's assignment. Setting/Participants— Primary care physicians (n=22) and their adult patients (n=394) from Philadelphia, PA. The study and analyses were conducted from 2004-2010. Intervention— The intervention group completed physical activity surveys at baseline, one, three, and six months. Based on their responses, participants received four feedback reports at each time point. The reports aimed to motivate participants to increase physical activity, personalized to the participant's needs; they also included an activity prescription. The control group received identical procedures except they received general reports on preventive screening based on their responses to preventive screening questions. Main outcome measure— Minutes of physical activity measured by the 7-Day Physical Activity Recall interview at six months. Results— Participants were 69% female, 59% African American, and had diverse educational and income levels; the retention rate was 89.6%. After adjusting for baseline levels of activity and gender, the intervention group increased their total minutes of physical activity by a mean of 133 minutes, while the control group had a mean increase of 99 minutes (p=0.39).
Short Communication miR-193b Regulates Mcl-1 in Melanoma

MicroRNAs play important roles in gene regulation, and their expression is frequently dysregulated in cancer cells. In a previous study, we reported that miR-193b represses cell proliferation and regulates cyclin D1 in melanoma cells, suggesting that miR193b could act as a tumor suppressor. Herein, we demonstrate that miR-193b also down-regulates myeloid cell leukemia sequence 1 (Mcl-1) in melanoma cells. MicroRNA microarray profiling revealed that miR193b is expressed at a significantly lower level in malignant melanoma than in benign nevi. Consistent with this, Mcl-1 is detected at a higher level in malignant melanoma than in benign nevi. In a survey of melanoma samples, the level of Mcl-1 is inversely correlated with the level of miR-193b. Overexpression of miR-193b in melanoma cells represses Mcl-1 expression. Previous studies showed that Mcl-1 knockdown cells are hypersensitive to ABT-737, a smallmolecule inhibitor of Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, and Bcl-w. Similarly, overexpression of miR-193b restores ABT737 sensitivity to ABT-737–resistant cells. Furthermore, the effect of miR-193b on the expression of Mcl-1 seems to be mediated by direct interaction between miR-193b and seed and seedless pairing sequences in the 3= untranslated region of Mcl-1 mRNA. Thus, this study provides evidence that miR-193b directly regulates Mcl-1 and that down-regulation of miR-193b in vivo could be an early event in melanoma progression. (Am J Pathol 2011, 179:2162–2168; DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.07.010)
Cardiorespiratory fitness modifies influence of sleep problems on CSF biomarkers in an at-risk cohort

Corresponding author: Ozioma C. Okonkwo, Ph.D., Department of Medicine and Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792, USA. Phone: 608-265-4479; Fax: 608-265-3091; ozioma@medicine.wisc. edu. DISCLOSURE STATEMENT The authors have no conflict of interest to report. HHS Public Access Author manuscript J Alzheimers Dis. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2020 January 01. Published in final edited form as: J Alzheimers Dis. 2019 ; 69(1): 111–121. doi:10.3233/JAD-180291. A uhor M anscript