Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Using metacognition to analyze a misdiagnosis case in high-fidelity simulation

Abstract: Introduction: Medical teams constantly work with patients in critical conditions and complex environments. Within these environments, it is understood that cognitive, metacognitive and affective processes coexist, promoting or preventing an adequate performance1),(2. In this study, a case of medical misdiagnosis is analyzed from a metacognitive perspective. Objectives: 1- Describe the thinking processes that led to the misdiagnosis, 2- Investigate possible contributions of metacognitive processes to medical education. Methods: Group interview3 with the winning team of a simulation contest for attending critical patients held at a national medical education congress. Content analysis4, coded by Atlas-ti™, according to Efklides5, followed by the extraction of empirical categories in the SimpleMind™ Mind Map Editor. The study was registered (CAAE 96007018.5.0000.5286) and approved (Opinion No. 2,938,945) by the Research Ethics Committee of Institute of Collective Health Studies at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. Results: Before the contest, the team predicted possible scenarios. During the contest, the simulated scenario presented to the participants was similar to one of the previously predicted scenarios. It was then observed that the team unconsciously biased all their reasoning aiming to confirm the previously predicted diagnosis. Different metacognitive mechanisms involved in this process are described. The team had sufficient knowledge to establish the correct diagnosis but did not do it due to the distortion of their thinking processes. This case illustrates the fact that, to practice medicine, knowledge is not enough; learning to think is also necessary. In addition, a proposal for a theoretical framework is established, where the simulation presents itself as a problematizing methodology, providing a context where metacognition and the Maguerez Arch6 are harmoniously integrated with Ausubel’s Meaningful Learning Theory7),(8 for professional competence6 development. Conclusions: It is concluded that metacognition can elucidate events such as those described here, also suggesting that its teaching and practice could contribute to the reduction in medical misdiagnosis.
Oligopoly, mutual dependence and tacit collusion: the emergence of industrial organisation and the reappraisal of American capitalism at Harvard (1933–1952)

Abstract This article looks back at the early development of industrial organisation at Harvard. It seeks to understand the emergence of the “Harvard tradition” around the spread of a set of common and identifiable tools and concepts. The paper identifies a specific subject of study bringing together a group of economists. This is the hypothesis of “mutual dependence recognized,” which fosters the development of the theory of tacit collusion in oligopoly. This theory was developed by Edward Chamberlin and gradually taken up in several contributions from the 1930s and early 1940s by economists like Bain, de Chazeau, Galbraith, Kaysen, Mason, Schumpeter and Triffin. These authors, who all had connections with Harvard, appropriated Chamberlin’s theory in pursuit of four goals. First, the possibility of tacit collusion in oligopoly allowed them to provide theoretical grounds for explaining price rigidities. Second, the oligopoly issue fostered the development of new tools for identifying oligopolies and accounting for firms’ behaviour and strategic interaction. Third, these tools were regularly mobilised in debates among economists about the “basing point system”. This pricing method was used at the time in the iron, steel and cement industries and led these economists to address the question of how effective antitrust laws were. Fourth, it led some Harvard economists to entirely reappraise the very nature of mid-century American capitalism.
Effects of Polymer and Salt Concentration on the Structure and Properties of Triblock Copolymer Coacervate Hydrogels

Structure–property relationships were established for complex coacervate hydrogels formed from binary aqueous solutions of oppositely charged ABA triblock copolymers. The charged triblock copolymers were synthesized by functionalizing poly[(allyl glycidyl ether)-b-(ethylene oxide)-b-(allyl glycidyl ether)] with either guanidinium or sulfonate functional groups. When aqueous solutions (ca. 5–40 wt %) of these oppositely charged polymers were mixed, the electrostatic interactions of the functionalized blocks led to the association of the oppositely charged end-blocks into phase-separated complex coacervate domains bridged by the uncharged, hydrophilic PEO midblock. The resulting structures were studied by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and dynamic mechanical spectroscopy. The organization of the coacervate domains was shown to affect substantially the viscoelastic properties of the hydrogels, with the storage modulus increasing significantly as the mixtures transformed from a disordered array of domain.
Nano-QSAR modeling for predicting the cytotoxicity of metal oxide nanoparticles using novel descriptors

Computational approaches have evolved as efficient alternatives to understand the adverse effects of nanoparticles on human health and the environment. The potential of using Quantitative Structure–Activity Relationship (QSAR) modeling to establish statistically significant models for predicting the cytotoxicity of various metal oxide (MeOx) nanoparticles (NPs) has been investigated. A novel kind of nanospecific theoretical descriptor was proposed by integrating codes of certain physicochemical features into SMILES-based optimal descriptors to characterize the nanostructure information of NPs. The new descriptors were then applied to model MeOx NP cytotoxicity to both Escherichia coli bacteria and HaCaT cells for comparison purposes. The effects of size variation on the cytotoxicity to both types of cells were also investigated. The four resulting QSAR models were then rigorously validated, and extensively compared to other previously published models. The results demonstrated the robustness, validity and predictivity of these models. Predominant nanostructure factors responsible for MeOx NP cytotoxicity were identified through model interpretation. The results verified different mechanisms of nanotoxicity for these two types of cells. The proposed models can be expected to reliably predict the cytotoxicity of novel NPs solely from the newly developed descriptors, and provide guidance for prioritizing the design and manufacture of safer nanomaterials with desired properties.
A Mandami Fuzzy Controller for Handling a OpenHAB Smart Home

Fuzzy control systems are widely used to carry out control actions where variables with a certain degree of ambiguity are involved. Such control actions are modelled based on fuzzy rules that are expressed in a language analogous to that used by humans to conceive their reality. In this sense, fuzzy controllers can be applied in emerging technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT) aimed at controlling the real world through a set of objects interconnected to the Internet. This article presents a fuzzy controller of Mamdani-type developed in Matlab. This controller is integrated into a smart home– created by the OpenHAB tool– using RESTful services. The results of the evaluation reveal that the integration of the fuzzy controller with smart home can provide an accurate control of comfort specifically in this case. In addition, a better organization of the control rules was also possible using the proposed fuzzy controller especially when large systems are developed.
The Detectability Limit of Organic Molecules Within Mars South Polar Laboratory Analogs

A series of laboratory experiments was carried out in order to generate a diagnostic spectrum for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) of astrobiological interest in the context of the Martian South Polar Residual Cap (SPRC), to establish PAH spectral features more easily detectable in CO2 ice (mixed with small amounts of H2O ice) than the previously reported absorption feature at 3.29 µm in order to constrain their detectability limit. There is currently no existing literature on PAH detection within SPRC features, making this work novel and impactful given the recent discovery of a possible subglacial lake beneath the Martian South Pole. Although they have been detected in Martian meteorites, PAHs have not been detected yet on Mars, possibly due to the deleterious effects of ultraviolet radiation on the surface of the planet. SPRC features may provide protection to fragile molecules, and this work seeks to provide laboratory data to improve interpretation of orbital remote sensing spectroscopic imaging data. We also ascertain the effect of CO2 ice sublimation on organic spectra, as well as provide PAH reference spectra in mixtures relevant to Mars. A detectability limit of ∼0.04% has been recorded for observing PAHs in CO2 ice using laboratory instrument parameters emulating those of the Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars, with new spectral slope features revealed between 0.7 and 1.1 µm, and absorption features at 1.14 and most sensitively, at 1.685 µm. Mars regolith analog mixed with a concentration of 1.5% PAHs resulted in no discernible organic spectral features. These detectability limits measured in the laboratory are discussed and extrapolated to the effective conditions on the Mars South Polar Cap in terms of dust and water ice abundance and CO2 ice grain size for both the main perennial cap and the H2O ice‐dust sublimation lag deposit.
Exploring the Effects of Automated Pronunciation Evaluation on L2 Students in Thailand

A significant barrier to effective communication in a second language is the awareness and accurate reproduction of phonetic sounds absent in the mother tongue. This study investigated whether the automated evaluation of phonetic accuracy using speech recognition technology could improve the pronunciation skills of 105 (88 female, 17 male) Thai undergraduate students studying English in Thailand. A pre-test, post-test design was employed using treatment and control sample groups, reversed over two six-week periods. Treatment group students were given access to an online platform on which they could record and submit their speech for automated evaluation and feedback via SpeechAce, a speech recognition interface designed to evaluate pronunciation and fluency. Independent samples t-test analysis of the results showed statistically significant improvement in pronunciation accuracy of students in the treatment group when compared to those in the control group (t (89) = 2.086, p = . 040, 95% CI [. 083, 3.423]), (t (89) = -4.692, p < . 001, 95% CI [-5.157, -2.089]). Pearson’s correlation analysis indicated a weak to moderate, but statistically significant correlation between frequency of practise and pronunciation test score (r =.508, p < .001), (r = .384, p = .021). The study has limitations as the sample group was predominantly female, and time constraints limited students’ use of the software. Future studies should investigate possible gender differences and experiment with different forms of visual feedback.
Compact SIW filters with transmission zeros: A review and current trends

Abstract This paper presents a review of the recent advances in the field of substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) filters, with particular emphasis on the techniques adopted to increase the out-of-band rejection of the filters and on the miniaturization strategies. After an overview of classical approaches to introduce transmission zeros in SIW filters, a number of recently introduced techniques are presented. In particular, the use of specially implemented extracted-poles topologies and of pre-filters is described, discussed, and compared. For each of these techniques, numerical and experimental results are reported for validation.
Results about Molecular Structure of Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine for the Treatment Coronavirus

Abstract An outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) occurred in Wuhan and it has rapidly spread to almost all parts of the world. In the field of Medical Science, concerning the definition of the topological index on the molecular structure and corresponding medical, biological, chemical, pharmaceutical properties of drugs can be studied by the topological index calculation. In this paper, we compute some of the general topological properties of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine used to inhibit the outbreak of coronavirus disease-19. The results in this paper may be useful in finding new drug and vaccine for the treatment and prevention of COVID-19.
Stock price contagion effects through investment banks

ABSTRACT This paper investigates how stock market investors react to non-fraudulent firms that share the same investment bank with fraudulent companies. Using a Chinese sample from the period of 2003 to 2018, we find that firms penalized for IPO or M&A fraud induce stock price declines among non-fraudulent firms which share the same investment banks (non-fraudulent contagion firms). The results also show that stock price declines are more pronounced for low-quality investment banks, and investors impose larger penalties on stock prices when non-fraudulent client firms are of lower earnings quality, weaker corporate governance, and higher information asymmetry. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the non-fraudulent contagion firms are more likely to commit accounting fraud and exhibit inferior long-term post-IPO/post-M&A performance. Overall, the findings indicate an important stock price contagion effect occurring at the investment bank level.
Mental Imagery in Early Psychosis

Dysfunction in mental imagery may contribute to the development of mental disorders. We studied the vividness and controllability of mental imagery in a sample of 42 individuals with recent-onset psychosis, using a cross sectional design. Contrary to earlier studies, the claim that mental imagery is enhanced and the controllability weak in psychotic disorder was not supported. Especially the negative and affective symptoms associated with low vividness, and the stronger the symptoms the patients had, the less vivid was their imagery. Anxiety and self-neglect were the best predictors of low vividness. Only an elevated mood associated with higher vividness. The cognitive performance of the participants did not associate significantly with imagery. Surprisingly, organic modality was reported to be the most vivid modality, whereas visual imagery was the least vivid. Understanding the role of mental imagery in early psychosis may help us to understand and treat these disorders better.
Facilitating intercultural group dynamics to enhance learning in and from the international classroom

The international classroom is often promoted as the panacea for intercultural competence development, reaching out to all students. Often the format of group work is used in which students need to complete a joint assignment or project. It has become evident however that simple exposure to diversity does not automatically lead to the desired student learning outcomes, and that culturally diverse students struggle to successfully engage and collaborate with each other. Intercultural group challenges are often related to three underlying universal social needs: the need to belong; the need to exert influence; and the need to give and receive affection. This thematic introduction focuses on the real-time international classroom experience and group interaction. It addresses the key question of how to facilitate its intercultural dynamics with a view to creating meaningful interaction between culturally and linguistically diverse students, so that this interaction leads to successful collaboration and enhances intercultural learning.
CircHIPK3 knockdown suppresses E2F3 expression to inhibit the viability and promote the apoptosis of lens epithelial cells in age-related cataract by sponging miR-499a-5p

Material and methods The expression levels of circHIPK3, miR-499a-5p and E2F transcription factor 3 (E2F3) were measured by quantitative real-time PCR. Cell counting kit 8 assay and flow cytometry were performed to detect cell viability and apoptosis, respectively. Western blot analysis was employed to test the protein levels of apoptosis-related markers and E2F3. Biotin-labeled RNA pull-down assay was used to select miRNAs that could be targeted by circHIPK3, and dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to confirm the interaction between miR-499a-5p and circHIPK3 or E2F3.
Kinetics and Reaction Mechanisms of Thiophenol Adsorption on Gold Studied by Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy

Thiophenol is commonly used as a model system for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) of molecules due to the strong affinity of the −SH group toward noble metal surfaces. By performing time-, temperature-, and pH-dependent measurements of thiophenol adsorption on commercial nanostructured gold SERS substrates, we have observed both physisorption and chemisorption processes. These two distinct adsorption regimes were found dependent on the pH which controlled the ionization state of thiophenol in an aqueous medium. At low pH the sulfhydryl proton remains bound, and the kinetic adsorption profile obtained from the SERS intensity follows a sigmoid-shaped curve with an initially slow adsorption rate that deviates from a Langmuir profile. In addition, from temperature-dependent measurements, a near zero value for the activation energy is obtained, indicating that physisorption is the rate-limiting step. At high pH, where the sulfhydryl proton becomes detached, the kinetic adsorption profile follows a cla.
A Guide for Hydrodynamic Reinforcement Effect in Nanoparticle-filled Polymers

ABSTRACT Despite of substantial progresses in reinforcement mechanism of nanoparticle-filled polymers (NPFPs), there are great debates about the fundamental hydrodynamics theories and the deformation localization lasting many years. In this article, we discuss the in retrospect theoretical hydrodynamic approaches used in the field of nanoparticle reinforcement for providing a critical review with the aim to identify limitations and open questions inherent to various versions of the theory. Such a discussion could serve as a guide for the formulation and modification of a model for the reinforcement in NPFPs. We look into the relationship between the highly inhomogeneous microscopic structure and the rather universal reinforcement involved in hydrodynamics of nanoparticle and their rigid fractal aggregates. Then the frequently neglected area of strain and stress amplification effects that are sometimes confused with the hydrodynamic one are discussed and highlighted. Finally, we discuss the inhomogeneously structuring characteristics of NPFPs at high filling levels, with special attention paid to the limitations of both theoretical and experimental studies. Several open challenges are remarked upon.
A task scheduling model integrating micro-breaks for optimisation of job-cycle time in human-robot collaborative assembly cells

Human-Robot Collaboration, whereby human worker and robot perform tasks jointly, is becoming the new frontier in industry production. Unlike robots, continuous work leads to an accumulation of human fatigue, which is the main cause of decreased efficiency and deterioration of health. Characteristic differences between human and robot bring challenges to collaboration task scheduling. In this paper, we studied the task scheduling of a human-robot collaboration assembly cell to achieve a trade-off between job cycle and human fatigue. A task scheduling model integrated with micro-breaks inside job cycles was proposed to avoid human fatigue accumulation by taking advantage of the human-robot collaboration characteristics. Furthermore, the optimisation of task scheduling by taking the job cycle as the objective function and maximum human fatigue as a constraint was solved. The developed method is studied on a cable assembly inspired by an industry case. The results of the case study are presented to indicate the validity and practicability of the proposed model. It suggests that compared with the model of placing rest breaks between job cycles, the proposed model outperforms in job-cycle performance in most cases. Finally, there are some insights on the HRCAC which are obtained from the results of the case study.
Influence of electrical conductivity of multi-walled carbon nanotubes by halogen-doping

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWNTs) were doped by chlorine,bromine and iodine.Compared with the pristine MWNTs.the electrical conductivities of Cl_2-MWNT and Br_2MWNTs were improved over 5 times and 3 times,respectively,while that of I_2-MWNTs almost unchanged.The interaction between the halogen and MWNTs was analyzed by Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS). Meanwhile,we also studied the carrier concentration and carrier mobility which may affect the conductivities of the composite.The results show that:When the halogen electronegativity become stronger,the mean free path of the carrier of doped MWNTs will be higher,as well as the carrier mobility.And the stonger the interaction between the halogen and MWNTs become,the more carriers will take part in conducting, which means the carrier concentration will be higher.
Application of Multi - criteria Decision Making Approach and Experimental Design and Development of Stability - indicating UPLC Method for Simultaneous Determination of Losartan Potassium and Hydrochlorothiazide in Bulk and Tablet Dosage Form

This paper describes a multi response optimization methodology in combination with experimental design as a powerful technique for development of a RP - UPLC method for the simultaneous determination of losartan potassium and hydrochlorothiaz ide in combined dosage forms. The response surface design by means of 2 4 full factorial design was used taking resolution, symmetry
Acceptance of Demand Response and Aggregators as a Solution to Optimize the Relation between Energy Producers and Consumers in order to Increase the Amount of Renewable Energy in the Grid

Demand response plays a very important role in balancing the intermittent production of an increasing share of renewable energy sources on the energy market. This article analyses the importance of demand response and the role of aggregators for the new development of the electricity market, where the renewables will play a more important role. The main objective of this research is to determine the acceptance level of demand response and its implementation on the energy consumer side. This acceptance should include a professional actor, the aggregator which is assuming the role of optimizing the relation between energy producers and consumers, and to monitor the implementation and use of demand response. The research is based on semi-structured interviews with experts in energy from Hungary, Romania and Serbia, on workshops with experts and a wider online survey with end customers for electricity. The results indicate that there is a willingness potential to implement demand response programs with aggregators as intermediaries between energy providers and end consumers of electrical energy.