Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Non‐occupational allergic contact dermatitis to epoxy resin in a cosplayer

REFERENCES 1. Punchihewa N, Palmer A, Nixon R. Allergic contact dermatitis to Compositae: an Australian case series. Contact Dermatitis. 2022;87: 356-362. 2. Samaran Q, Clark E, Dereure O, Sparsa A, du-Thanh A, Raison-Peyron N. Airborne allergic contact dermatitis caused by artichoke. Contact Dermatitis. 2020;82:395-397. 3. Gallo R, Oddenino G, Trave I, Gasparini G, Guadagno A, Parodi A. Contact sensitivity to sesquiterpene lactone mix and artichoke in a patient with severe recurrent dermatitis: a puzzling case. Contact Dermatitis. 2023;88:156-158. 4. Stingeni L, Bianchi L, Hansel K, et al. Italian guidelines in patch testing—adapted from the European Society of Contact Dermatitis (ESCD). G Ital Dermatol Venereol. 2019;154:227-253. 5. Meding B. Allergic contact dermatitis from artichoke, Cynara scolymus. Contact Dermatitis. 1983;9:314. 6. Hausen BM, Vieluf IK. Allergiepflanzen/Pflanzenallergene. Handbuch und Atlas der allergie-induezirerenden Wildund Kulturpflanzen; 1997.
Coexpression of Tail Fiber and Tail Protein Genes of the Cyanophage PP Using a Synthetic Genomics Approach Enhances the Salt Tolerance of Synechocystis PCC 6803

We synthesized and assembled a truncated cyanophage genome called Syn-P4-8, containing 18 genes for viral coat assembly proteins, and transferred it into a nonhost strain, Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, to investigate interactions between Syn-P4-8 and Synechocystis PCC 6803. We found that coexpression of tail fiber and tail protein genes enhanced the salt tolerance of Synechocystis PCC 6803. ABSTRACT Cyanophages are viruses that specifically infect cyanobacteria and are capable of regulating the population densities and seasonal distributions of cyanobacteria. However, few studies have investigated the interactions between cyanophages and heterologous hosts, owing to the inability of cyanophages to infect heterologous cyanobacterial hosts. Here, a truncated artificial cyanophage genome, Syn-P4-8, was designed and assembled that contained 18 genes for viral coat assembly proteins but not genes related to host infection or DNA replication. Syn-P4-8 was transferred into the heterologous host Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 by conjugation. The growth of strain CS-02 carrying Syn-P4-8 was significantly better than that of the control strain when grown in medium containing 5% NaCl. Only two cyanophage genes, encoding the tail protein (open reading frame 25 [ORF25]) and the tail fiber protein (ORF26), were transcribed in Synechocystis PCC 6803 grown in BG11 medium supplemented with 5% NaCl. However, expression of either ORF25 or ORF26 alone could not recover this phenotype. In addition, transcriptomic analysis revealed the presence of 334 differentially expressed genes in CS-02 compared to the control strain, corresponding to 151 downregulated and 183 upregulated genes that may affect cyanobacterial salt tolerances. In this study, synthetic biology methods were used to strengthen our understanding of the interactions between cyanophage genes and heterologous hosts. IMPORTANCE We synthesized and assembled a truncated cyanophage genome called Syn-P4-8, containing 18 genes for viral coat assembly proteins, and transferred it into a nonhost strain, Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, to investigate interactions between Syn-P4-8 and Synechocystis PCC 6803. We found that coexpression of tail fiber and tail protein genes enhanced the salt tolerance of Synechocystis PCC 6803.
Development and modification of a dysphagia question prompt list to improve patient‐physician communication: Incorporating both esophageal expert and patient perspectives

Question prompt lists (QPLs) are structured sets of disease‐specific questions, intended to encourage question‐asking by patients and enhance patient‐physician communication. To date, a dysphagia‐specific QPL has not been developed for patients with esophageal dysphagia symptoms. We aim to develop a dysphagia‐specific QPL incorporating both esophageal expert and patient perspectives, applying rigorous methodology.
Sulbactam-durlobactam: A Step Forward in Treating Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) Infections

Abstract Antimicrobial resistance in gram-negative pathogens, such as Acinetobacter baumannii, is a serious threat to human health. Sulbactam-durlobactam, a unique β-lactam and a β-lactamase inhibitor combination, is a novel agent targeted against carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii. This supplement provides a summary of the development of SUL-DUR, discussing its unique features and role in treating infections caused by CRAB pathogens.
A Better Understanding of Weight Transformation Through a Measure of Change

The literature on longitudinal surveys of households offers several approaches for creating a set of final weights for use in data analysis. Most of these approaches depend on various procedures for modifying weights. Initial weights are often transformed into a set of intermediate weights in order to compensate for nonresponse, and then into a set of final weights, through poststratification, in order to adjust the sample. The literature includes a great deal of information about this approach but none of the studies has really looked closely at an approach for measuring the relative importance of these two steps in measuring the effectiveness of the numerous existing alternatives for creating intermediate weights. The objective of this paper is to study and measure the change (from the initial to the final weight) which results from the procedure used to modify weights. A breakdown of the final weights is proposed in order to evaluate the relative impact of the nonresponse adjustment, the correction for poststratification and the interaction between these two adjustments. This measure of change is used as a tool for comparing the effectiveness of the various methods for adjusting for nonresponse, in particular the methods relying on the formation of Response Homogeneity Groups. The measure of change is examined through a simulation study, which uses data from a Statistics Canada longitudinal survey, the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics. The measure of change is also applied to data obtained from a second longitudinal survey, the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth.
Membrane Potential-Dependent Uptake of Cationic Oligoimidazolium Mediates Bacterial DNA Damage and Death

The treatment of bacterial infections is becoming increasingly challenging with the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. Thus, the development of antimicrobials with novel mechanisms of action is much needed. ABSTRACT The treatment of bacterial infections is becoming increasingly challenging with the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. Thus, the development of antimicrobials with novel mechanisms of action is much needed. Previously, we designed several cationic main-chain imidazolium compounds and identified the polyimidazolium PIM1 as a potent antibacterial against a wide panel of multidrug-resistant nosocomial pathogens, and it had relatively low toxicity against mammalian epithelial cells. However, little is known about the mechanism of action of PIM1. Using an oligomeric version of PIM1 with precisely six repeating units (OIM1-6) to control for consistency, we showed that OIM1-6 relies on an intact membrane potential for entry into the bacterial cytoplasm, as resistant mutants to OIM1-6 have mutations in their electron transport chains. These mutants demonstrate reduced uptake of the compound, which can be circumvented through the addition of a sub-MIC dose of colistin. Once taken up intracellularly, OIM1-6 exerts double-stranded DNA breaks. Its potency and ability to kill represents a promising class of drugs that can be combined with membrane-penetrating drugs to potentiate activity and hedge against the rise of resistant mutants. In summary, we discovered that cationic antimicrobial OIM1-6 exhibits an antimicrobial property that is dissimilar to the conventional cationic antimicrobial compounds. Its killing mechanism does not involve membrane disruption but instead depends on the membrane potential for uptake into bacterial cells so that it can exert its antibacterial effect intracellularly.
Linewidth broadening factor and gain compression in quantum cascade lasers

In addition to the phase uctuation induced by spontaneous emission, instantaneous carrier variations in semiconductor lasers generate coupling between optical gain and refractive index. This coupling between phase and amplitude of the electric field in the optical cavity is driven by the linewidth enhancement factor, which is responsible for the optical linewidth broadening, occurrence of nonlinearities or gain asymmetry, due to the curvature difierence between the conduction and valence bands. This key parameter typically takes values between 2 and 6 in interband lasers with quantum well or quantum dot active media. In quantum cascade lasers, since the lasing transition occurs between two subbands of the conduction band that have therefore similar curvatures, the linewidth enhancement factor was expected to be naught. However sub-threshold linewidth enhancement factor was measured taking values from -0.5 to 0.5 and the above-threshold linewidth enhancement factor at room temperature was found between 0.2 and 2.4. In this work, the linewidth enhancement factor of a mid-infrared quantum cascade laser emitting around 5.6 μm is measured using either the wavelength shift under optical feedback or self-mixing interferometry, resulting in values ranging from 0.8 to 3. Furthermore, a strong increase of the linewidth enhancement factor with the pump current was observed, that can be explained by a relatively large gain compression in such structures, of the order of 5 × 10-15 cm3.
In persons with constipation or IBS-C, kiwifruit vs. psyllium increased spontaneous bowel movements

SOURCE CITATION Gearry R, Fukudo S, Barbara G, et al. Consumption of 2 green kiwifruits daily improves constipation and abdominal comfort-results of an international multicenter randomized controlled trial. Am J Gastroenterol. 9 Jan 2023. [Epub ahead of print]. 36537785.
Diagnostic Value of MRI in Placental Adhesive Disorders in Pregnancy

Abstract Background The spectrum of placental adhesive disorders (PAD) forms an important cause for emergency cesarean hysterectomy, requiring an accurate prenatal diagnosis for optimal obstetric management. Purpose The aim of this study was to assess the utility of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to identify the individual MRI features that are most useful in the evaluation of PAD. Materials and Methods This was a retrospective review of the MRI of 24 women with abnormal placentation, confirmed using histopathology/intraoperative findings as the reference standard. Patients were categorized as negative or positive for PAD (placenta accreta, increta, and percreta) on MRI and compared with the reference standard. We assessed the diagnostic performance of MRI and the features that best correlated with the presence of PAD. Results Among the 24 women (mean age: 29.8 years) with risk factors, 16 had PAD (6 accreta, 7 increta, and 3 percreta). There was a history of previous lower segment cesarean section and placenta previa in 14 (87.5%). MRI could identify the presence of PAD in all (100% sensitivity) and its absence in three out of eight patients (37.5% specificity). The features with highest sensitivity were intraplacental dark bands (100%), myometrial thinning/loss of interface with myometrium (100%), placental heterogeneity (75%), and uterine contour abnormality (75%). Conclusion MRI is an important modality for the investigation of PAD in suspected cases, with excellent sensitivity and good accuracy. Identifying the presence of risk factors, low-signal-intensity bands, and thinning/loss of placental–myometrial interface will aid in its diagnosis.
In mechanically ventilated patients at nutritional risk, high protein did not reduce time to discharge alive

SOURCE CITATION Heyland DK, Patel J, Compher C, et al; EFFORT Protein Trial team. The effect of higher protein dosing in critically ill patients with high nutritional risk (EFFORT Protein): an international, multicentre, pragmatic, registry-based randomised trial. Lancet. 2023;401:568-576. 36708732.
Reputation Reminders: When do Eye Cues Promote Prosocial Behavior?

Abstract The watching eyes effect has gained significant attention in recent years both from scientists and from policy makers and professionals in the field. The phenomenon posits that the mere presence of eye cues can promote prosocial behavior. However, there is a growing debate about the generality of the effect across various measures and contexts. This review seeks to combine various distinct -and formerly isolated- perspectives by identifying four key components for effective interventions based on the watching eyes effect: Anonymity, crowdedness, costs, and exposure. Eye cues need to reduce perceived anonymity, be placed in non-crowded places, target low-cost prosocial acts and appear for a short amount of time. Next to these conditions, we discuss implications for other cues to reputation and recommend directions that will stimulate further research and applications in society.
MAXILLOFACIAL DEFECTS AND THEIR CLASSIFICATION: A REVIEW.

Aakarshan Dayal Gupta. Numerous classifications and nomenclatures exist in literature to describe maxillofacial defects. These classifications are not only useful for descriptive purpose but also provide guidance to the maxillofacial surgeon and the maxillofacial prosthodontist in reconstruction and rehabilitation phase. There remains, however confusion in use of terminology and nomenclature, as there is no single classification which is accepted universally. Here we have tried to compile all the classifications that exist for both congenital and acquired defects of the face.
Voluntary muscle activation in people with Multiple Sclerosis is reduced across a wide range of forces following maximal effort fatiguing contractions

People with Multiple Sclerosis typically exhibit greater levels of exercise-induced fatigue compared to healthy individuals. However, it is unknown if voluntary muscle activation is affected over a range of contraction forces in people with MS who have exercise-induced fatigue. The purpose of this study was to use transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and electrical muscle stimulation to examine muscle activation during exercise-induced fatigue. Ten people with relapsing-remitting MS (39 ± 7 years) and 10 healthy controls (40 ± 5 years) performed elbow flexions at 25%, 50%, 75%, 90%, and 100% MVC while electromyography (EMG) of the biceps brachii was recorded. Sustained elbow flexion MVCs were then performed until force declined to 60% of baseline MVC, and the target contraction intensities of 25%, 50%, 75%, 90%, and 100% MVC were examined again. The Fatigue Severity Scale was higher for the MS group (P < 0.01). Exercise-induced fatigue caused a reduction in biceps EMG amplitude for the MS group across all contraction intensities (P < 0.01), which was not aligned with changes in MEP amplitude (P = 0.25). Exercise-induced fatigue reduced motor cortical voluntary activation in the MS group across all contraction intensities (P < 0.01), as well as increased MS time-to-peak force (P < 0.01) and half relaxation time for TMS evoked twitches (P = 0.03). These findings provide evidence that MS-related fatigability during maximal contractions is due to the inability for the motor cortex to drive the muscle, with possible contributions from altered contractile properties in the MS muscle. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We use transcranial magnetic stimulation to demonstrate that people with relapsing-remitting Multiple Sclerosis (MS) have a reduced ability to activate muscle following maximal effort fatiguing contractions. Although our MS participants reported greater symptoms of fatigue via the Fatigue Severity Scale, their reduced ability to activate muscle was more associated with the duration of disease.
Assessment of Total Oocyte Transcripts Representation through Single Ooplasm Biopsy in Bovine with High Reliability

Understanding the entire transcriptional and epigenetic landscape is facilitated by the application of omics in a number of ways. Today, omic instruments are more affordable and easier to implement. In human research, for instance, single-omics are a reality and are used extensively to generate vast quantities of data. This method permits the comprehensive reconstruction of transcriptome and epigenetic markers removing bias from pooled samples. In tandem with the evolution of machines and protocols, algorithms and genome annotation have undergone continuous improvement. The genome annotation of domestic animals is inferior to that of humans, rodents, and less complex organisms. In the case of heifers, the reference is incomplete, with significant gaps and only a portion of the noncoding transcripts. The purpose of this study is to validate our compartmentalized single oocyte biopsy by comparing a small fraction of bovine oocytes, 1%, to the entire oocyte at the Metaphase II stage. In addition, we examined the use of four database sources (NCBI, ENSEMBL, UCSC, and NONCODE) to produce a merged non-redundant gene alignment and counting in order to enhance gene detection and normalization, resulting in a more accurate method to comprehend the entire landscape. This study is a continuation of our research titled “Retrospective model utilizing biopsies, granulosa cells, and polar body to predict oocyte competence in bovine” in which this method was used to retrospectively compare biopsy oocytes collected during the MII phase. With the addition of NONCODE information, gene normalization was significantly enhanced. In addition, our analysis identified 4560 noncoding genes from NONCODE references. ENSEMBL and NCBI have nearly the same number of annotated genes (16,423 vs. 17,804), but using ENSEMBL as a reference, 2356 genes were able to be normalized and identified. Proceeding to biopsy x oocyte analysis, we were able to detect a greater number of genes in oocytes than in biopsy, where the preponderance was from NONCODE sources (68). Despite these minor differences, the high correlation of expression between them (89%) was consistent and proved to be a valuable instrument for studying the oocyte without destroying it.
Site effects depth denoising and signal enhancement using dual-projection based ICA model

Combining magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data from multi-site studies is a popular approach for constructing larger datasets to greatly enhance the reliability and reproducibility of neuroscience research. However, the scanner/site variability is a significant confound that complicates the interpretation of the results, so effective and complete removal of the scanner/site variability is necessary to realize the full advantages of pooling multi-site datasets. Independent component analysis (ICA) and general linear model (GLM) based denoising methods are the two primary methods used to denoise scanner/site-related effects. Unfortunately, there are challenges with both ICA-based and GLM-based denoising methods to remove site effects completely when the signals of interest and scanner/site-related noises are correlated, which may occur in neuroscience studies. In this study, we propose an effective and powerful denoising strategy that implements dual-projection (DP) theory based on ICA to remove the scanner/site-related effects more completely. This method can separate the signal effects correlated with noise variables from the identified noise effects for removal without losing signals of interest. Both simulations and vivo structural MRI datasets, including a dataset from Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange II and a traveling subject dataset from the Strategic Research Program for Brain Sciences, were used to test the proposed GLM- and ICA-based denoising methods and our DP-based ICA denoising method. Results show that DP-based ICA
Tau Filaments from Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/Parkinsonism-Dementia Complex (ALS/PDC) adopt the CTE Fold

The amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/parkinsonism-dementia complex (ALS/PDC) of the island of Guam and the Kii peninsula of Japan is a fatal neurodegenerative disease of unknown cause that is characterised by the presence of abundant filamentous tau inclusions in brains and spinal cords. Here we used electron cryo-microscopy (cryo-EM) to determine the structures of tau filaments from the cerebral cortex of three cases of ALS/PDC from Guam and eight cases from Kii, as well as from the spinal cord of two of the Guam cases. Tau filaments had the chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) fold, with variable amounts of Type I and Type II filaments. Paired helical tau filaments were also found in two Kii cases. We also identified a novel Type III CTE tau filament, where protofilaments pack against each other in an anti-parallel fashion. ALS/PDC is the third known tauopathy with CTE-type filaments and abundant tau inclusions in cortical layers II/III, the others being CTE and subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. Because these tauopathies are believed to have environmental causes, our findings support the hypothesis that ALS/PDC is caused by exogenous factors. SIGNIFICANCE A neurodegenerative disease of unknown cause on the island of Guam and the Kii peninsula of Japan has been widely studied, because patients can suffer from the combined symptoms of motor neuron disease, parkinsonism and dementia. Abnormal filamentous inclusions made of tau protein characterise this amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/parkinsonism-dementia complex (ALS/PDC) and their formation closely correlates with neurodegeneration. Here we have used electron cryo-microscopy (cryo-EM) to show that tau filaments from ALS/PDC are identical to those from chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), a disease caused by repetitive head impacts or blast waves. CTE tau filaments are also found in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, which is a rare consequence of measles infection. ALS/PDC may therefore also be caused by environmental factors.
Lightning Pose: improved animal pose estimation via semi-supervised learning, Bayesian ensembling, and cloud-native open-source tools

Pose estimation algorithms are shedding new light on animal behavior and intelligence. Most existing models are only trained with labeled frames (supervised learning). Although effective in many cases, the fully supervised approach requires extensive image labeling, struggles to generalize to new videos, and produces noisy outputs that hinder downstream analyses. We address each of these limitations with a semi-supervised approach that leverages the spatiotemporal statistics of unlabeled videos in two different ways. First, we introduce unsupervised training objectives that penalize the network whenever its predictions violate smoothness of physical motion, multiple-view geometry, or depart from a low-dimensional subspace of plausible body configurations. Second, we design a new network architecture that predicts pose for a given frame using temporal context from surrounding unlabeled frames. These context frames help resolve brief occlusions or ambiguities between nearby and similar-looking body parts. The resulting pose estimation networks achieve better performance with fewer labels, generalize better to unseen videos, and provide smoother and more reliable pose trajectories for downstream analysis; for example, these improved pose trajectories exhibit stronger correlations with neural activity. We also propose a Bayesian post-processing approach based on deep ensembling and Kalman smoothing that further improves tracking accuracy and robustness. We release a deep learning package that adheres to industry best practices, supporting easy model development and accelerated training and prediction. Our package is accompanied by a cloud application that allows users to annotate data, train networks, and predict new videos at scale, directly from the browser.