Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Le Système d'Information sur l'Écologie des Coléoptères Saproxyliques Français (FRench Information System on Saproxylic BEetle Ecology, FRISBEE) : un outil écologique et taxinomique pour l'étude de la biodiversité forestière

Dès 988, le Conseil de l’Europe encourageait les gouvernements européens à utiliser prioritairement les organismes saproxyliques pour évaluer l’état de conservation des forêts (Recommandations R (88) 0 et  sur la protection des organismes saproxyliques et de leurs biotopes). Toutefois, presque 20 ans après, peu d’outils sont disponibles pour assurer cette mission. La biodiversité saproxylique étant particulièrement importante dans les forêts européennes [BOUGET, 2007], son suivi représente un véritable défi. Environ 25 % des espèces forestières sont des organismes saproxyliques en Scandinavie [STOKLAND et al., 2004], et 20 % de la faune forestière est liée au bois mort en Grande-Bretagne [ELTON, 1966 in DAJOZ, 2000]. Juste derrière les Mycètes (30 % des organismes saproxyliques), les Coléoptères sont dominants dans les assemblages saproxyliques : 20 % des espèces [STOKLAND et al., 2004]. D’autre part, 20 % des Coléoptères nationaux sont saproxyliques en Allemagne [KÖHLER, 2000] et en Finlande [BERG et al., 1994]. Parmi les Coléoptères forestiers, les taxa saproxyliques représentent 40 % (Finlande, MARTIKAINEN, 2003) à 56 % des espèces (Allemagne, KÖHLER, 2000). Cette biodiversité élevée est menacée, 20 % (Finlande, BERG et al., 1994) à 35 % (Allemagne, KÖHLER, 2000) des Coléoptères saproxyliques étant classés sur liste rouge. Au moins 2 % de la faune nationale a été entraînée vers l’extinction, depuis 800 en Finlande [MARTIKAINEN, 2003] et depuis 2900 BC en Grande-Bretagne [BUCKLAND & DINNIN, 1993]. Des systèmes d’information se concentrant sur ce groupe des Coléoptères saproxyliques ont été développés dans plusieurs pays européens : Scandinavie [DAHLBERG & STOKLAND, 2004], Grande-Bretagne [ALEXANDER, 2002], Allemagne [KÖHLER, 2000 ; SCHMIDL & BUSSLER, 2004 ; MÜLLER et al., 2005]. En France, la faune saproxylique des Coléoptères est couverte en partie seulement par ces bases de données. Le premier projet français était une liste de 300 espèces sélectionnées par BRUSTEL [2004] en tant qu’outil pragmatique de conservation. Cette initiative pionnière souffre d’une faible représentativité d’un point de vue taxonomique (seulement 1⁄6 des espèces et 40 % des familles représentés) et écologique (seules les espèces grandes ou moyennes, et « remarquables » étant incluses).
Multicentury Evaluation of Recovery from Strong Precipitation Deficits in California

AbstractThe recent dryness in California was unprecedented in the instrumental record. This article employs spatially explicit precipitation reconstructions for California in combination with instrumental data to provide perspective on this event since 1571. The period 2012–15 stands out as particularly extreme in the southern Central Valley and south coast regions. which likely experienced unprecedented precipitation deficits over this time, apart from considerations of increasing temperatures and drought metrics that combine temperature and moisture information. Some areas lost more than two years’ average moisture delivery during these four years, and full recovery to long-term average moisture delivery could typically take up to several decades in the hardest-hit areas. These results highlight the value of the additional centuries of information provided by the paleo record, which indicates the shorter instrumental record may underestimate the statewide recovery time by over 30%. The extreme El Nino t.
Nernst-Planck-Gaussian modelling of electrodiffusional recovery from ephaptic excitation between mammalian cardiomyocytes

Introduction: In addition to gap junction conduction, recent reports implicate possible ephaptic coupling contributions to action potential (AP) propagation between successive adjacent cardiomyocytes. Here, AP generation in an active cell, withdraws Na+ from, creating a negative potential within, ephaptic spaces between the participating membranes, activating the initially quiescent neighbouring cardiomyocyte. However, sustainable ephaptic transmission requires subsequent complete recovery of the ephaptic charge difference. We explore physical contributions of passive electrodiffusive ion exchange with the remaining extracellular space to this recovery for the first time. Materials and Methods: Computational, finite element, analysis examined limiting, temporal and spatial, ephaptic [Na+], [Cl−], and the consequent Gaussian charge differences and membrane potential recovery patterns following a ΔV∼130 mV AP upstroke at physiological (37°C) temperatures. This incorporated Nernst-Planck formalisms into equations for the time-dependent spatial concentration gradient profiles. Results: Mammalian atrial, ventricular and purkinje cardiomyocyte ephaptic junctions were modelled by closely apposed circularly symmetric membranes, specific capacitance 1 μF cm-2, experimentally reported radii a = 8,000, 12,000 and 40,000 nm respectively and ephaptic axial distance w = 20 nm. This enclosed an ephaptic space containing principal ions initially at normal extracellular [Na+] = 153.1 mM and [Cl−] = 145.8 mM, respective diffusion coefficients D Na = 1.3 × 109 and D Cl = 2 × 109 nm2s-1. Stable, concordant computational solutions were confirmed exploring ≤1,600 nm mesh sizes and Δt≤0.08 ms stepsize intervals. The corresponding membrane voltage profile changes across the initially quiescent membrane were obtainable from computed, graphically represented a and w-dependent ionic concentration differences adapting Gauss’s flux theorem. Further simulations explored biological variations in ephaptic dimensions, membrane anatomy, and diffusion restrictions within the ephaptic space. Atrial, ventricular and Purkinje cardiomyocytes gave 40, 180 and 2000 ms 99.9% recovery times, with 720 or 360 ms high limits from doubling ventricular radius or halving diffusion coefficient. Varying a, and D Na and D Cl markedly affected recovery time-courses with logarithmic and double-logarithmic relationships, Varying w exerted minimal effects. Conclusion: We thereby characterise the properties of, and through comparing atrial, ventricular and purkinje recovery times with interspecies in vivo background cardiac cycle duration data, (blue whale ∼2000, human∼90, Etruscan shrew, ∼40 ms) can determine physical limits to, electrodiffusive contributions to ephaptic recovery.
CORNEAL HYSTERESIS AND INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE MEASUREMENT

INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE This Medical Policy provides assistance in interpreting UnitedHealthcare benefit plans. When deciding coverage, the enrollee specific document must be referenced. The terms of an enrollee's document (e.g., Certificate of Coverage (COC) or Summary Plan Description (SPD) and Medicaid State Contracts) may differ greatly from the standard benefit plans upon which this Medical Policy is based. In the event of a conflict, the enrollee's specific benefit document supersedes this Medical Policy. All reviewers must first identify enrollee eligibility, any federal or state regulatory requirements and the enrollee specific plan benefit coverage prior to use of this Medical Policy. Other Policies and Coverage Determination Guidelines may apply. UnitedHealthcare reserves the right, in its sole discretion, to modify its Policies and Guidelines as necessary. This Medical Policy is provided for informational purposes. It does not constitute medical advice.
Fate and Effects of an Alkylamine Ethoxylate Surfactant Mixture in Aquatic Systems: Pulsed Exposures, Recovery Capacity and the Importance of Sediment

FATE AND EFFECTS OF AN ALKYLAMINE ETHOXYLATE SURFACTANT MIXTURE IN AQUATIC SYSTEMS: PULSED EXPOSURES, RECOVERY CAPACITY AND THE IMPORTANCE OF SEDIMENT José Luis Rodríguez Gil University of Guelph, 2015 Co-Advisors: Dr. Keith R. Solomon Dr. Mark L. Hanson Dr. Paul K. Sibley Alkylamine ethoxylates (ANEOs), such as polyoxyethylene(15)tallow amine (POEA) are commonly used adjuvants in glyphosate herbicide formulations, such as Roundup® and Vision®. The available data on the toxicological effects of glyphosate formulations and POEA to aquatic organisms points to the surfactant as the main driver of toxicity from these formulations and suggest the potential for effects at concentrations close to those estimated to occur in the environment. Tier-1 environmental hazard assessments based on these observations resulted in regulatory authorities prohibiting direct over-water application of formulations containing POEA in several countries; still, unintended exposure of aquatic ecosystems to these formulations is possible via spray drift or, particularly in forestry scenarios, via aerial over-spray of small, shallow wetlands. The general goal of this thesis was to refine the risk assessments for a commercial mixture of POEA known as MON 0818 and, by extrapolation, the glyphosate-based herbicide formulations in which they are present. The refinement goal involved developing a better quantitative understanding of the fate of POEAs in aquatic systems with particular emphasis on sorption to sediment and how the fate of POEAs may influence observed toxicity to non-target aquatic organisms. The general conclusion from the work presented in this dissertation is that, under real-world environmental conditions, unintended exposure of aquatic systems to POEA surfactants will most likely result in short, single-pulse, exposures. These are due to rapid (<24 h) partitioning of the surfactant into sediment and suspended particulates where it will remain strongly adsorbed with low bioavailability. Further, this reduced exposure scenario will result in a reduction in the biological effects observed in the field when compared to those expected from Tier-1 hazard assessments based on water-only standard tests and worst-case estimated environmental concentrations. These results highlight the inappropriateness of simple screening-level approaches for the assessment of the risk posed by compounds for which the expected exposure regimes may deviate from that more typically used in traditional standard acute laboratory tests.
Modeling Ice Shelf/Ocean Interaction in Antarctica: A Review

The most rapid loss of ice from the Antarctic Ice Sheet is observed where ice streams flow into the ocean and begin to float, forming the great Antarctic ice shelves that surround much of the continent. Because these ice shelves are floating, their thinning does not greatly influence sea level. However, they also buttress the ice streams draining the ice sheet, and so ice shelf changes do significantly influence sea level by altering the discharge of grounded ice. Currently, the most significant loss of mass from the ice shelves is from melting at the base (although iceberg calving is a close second). Accessing the ocean beneath ice shelves is extremely difficult, so numerical models are invaluable for understanding the processes governing basal melting. This paper describes the different ways in which ice shelf/ocean interactions are modeled and discusses emerging directions that will enhance understanding of how the ice shelves are melting now and how this might change in the future.
The Need for Genetic Predictors for Antidepressant Actions of Ketamine or Ketamine Metabolites

Standard antidepressants typically have a limited treatment response rate. Only approximately one-third of patients diagnosed with depression will respond to their first antidepressant, and the remaining two-third will not respond to their antidepressants[1]. Moreover, during the latency period, the risk of suicide and self-harm significantly increases, whichrepresents a key public health issue in psychiatric practice [2].
Sentiment Detection in Naturalistic Audio

Audio sight analysis making use of automated speech recognition is a developing study area where point of view or belief showed by a speaker is determined from natural sound. It is relatively under-explored when contrasted to message based belief discovery. Extracting audio speaker belief from all-natural audio resources is a difficult difficulty. Common methods for idea elimination normally take advantage of documents from a speech recommendation system and also treatment the documents utilizing text-based idea classifiers. In this study, we reveal that this typical sys-tem is sub-optimal for sound view removal. Additionally, new layout utilizing keyword determining (KWS) is suggested for belief discovery. In the new style, a text-based sentiment classifier is utilized to instantly determine the most helpful and discriminative sentiment-bearing keyword terms, which want that taken advantage of as a term checklist for KWS. In order to obtain a little yet discriminative sentiment term list, repeated feature optimization for optimal degeneration sight layout is suggested to lower variation details while keeping reliable classification accuracy. A new crossbreed ME-KWS joint scoring approach is developed to develop both message as well as sound based requirements in a single bundled formula. For analysis, two new databases are produced for audio based idea discovery, particularly, YouTube sentiment data source as well as one more freshly created corpus called UT-Opinion Viewpoint sound archive. These information resources consist of naturalistic opinionated audio collected in real-world troubles. The suggested treatment is examined on audio received from video clips in youtube.com in addition to UT-Opinion corpus. Our speculative end results reveal that the recommended KWS based system substantially beats the normal ASR design in discovering belief for tough useful tasks.
Prispevek k poznavanju postranic iz skupine Gammaridea (Amphipoda, Gammaridea) slovenske morske obale

V prispevku je podan kratek pregled vrst postranic, priložnostno nabranih med nadomestnim služenjem vojaškega roka ob obali slovenskega morja. Med 46 zabeleženimi vrstami so bile vrste Microdeutopus sporadhi, Microdeutopus obtusatus, Gammarus subtypicus in Orchestia stephenseni prvič najdene v severnem Jadranu.
Baltic cod recruitment - the role of physical forcing and species interaction

Reproductive success of cod in the Central Baltic depends on a suite of processes ultimately driven by climatic forcing. Egg survival which is dependent on oxygen and salinity concentration in dwelling depths of the permanent halocline, is thought to be the primary determinant of cod recruitment. Hydrographic conditions are affected by inflows of water from the Skagerrak/Kattegat and the western Baltic into the Central Baltic driven by special atmospheric forcing conditions. In this respect the horizontal distribution of cod spawning activity impacts on egg survival, as a considerable part of the egg production is spawned at certain years in areas of unfavourable environments not sustaining egg development. However, limited recruitment despite of favourable hydrographic conditions and sufficient egg production indicates that other processes are important, specifically egg predation by clupeids depending on the spatial overlap between predator and prey, as well as the availability of suitable food for early larvae hatching in deep Baltic basins, driven both by salinity and oxygen conditions in the halocline. In the present study we perform a retrospective analysis of the relative importance of these processes on recruitment success. The analysis is based on spatially dis-aggregated time-series of egg production and survival, standing stocks of larvae and juveniles, copepod prey availability and hydroclimatic variables. Finally, we discuss how identified primary processes affecting cod recruitment can be integrated into simple environmentally sensitive stock recruitment models.
Prediction Model for Red Tide at Yantai Sishili Bay Based on LMBP Algorithm

According to the outbreak and nonlinear characteristic of the red tide’s occurrence,a prediction model for it based on the LMBP neural network algorithm was proposed.The optimal structure of the LMBP neural network model was fixed by experiments.And the gradient descent model was employed to compare with the LMBP model regarding to the convergence rate and fitting precision through a number of comparing experiments.The model turns out to be efficient with the chlorophyll a and secchi disc depth as inputs in the test to the samples of Yantai Sishili Bay.The model was tested in the Harmful Algal Blooms Predicting System of Yantai Sishili Bay and the real-time predicting result turns out to be good.
The development of new exploration technologies at Noranda: Seeing more with hyperspectral and deeper with 3-D seismic

Noranda has successfully developed and implemented two leading-edge mineral exploration technologies - hyperspectral remote sensing and 3-D seismic surveying. Airborne hyperspectral imaging provides detailed geological and mineralogical mapping capability at both a regional and project scale that facilitates improved selection of prospective terrain and an accelerated exploration cycle. Noranda, in partnership with Falconbridge, has licensed the exclusive use of the Earth Search Sciences Inc. (ESSI) Probe-1 hyperspectral scanners (128channel, 0.43 μm to 2.5 μm spectral range) that are capable of mapping in excess of 3500 km 2 per day at 10 m pixel resolution. The technology has been successfully deployed on four continents over a broad range of terrain from desert to boreal forest and the high Arctic. To augment the company's deep search initiatives, Noranda has successfully modified and implemented existing 3-D seismic technology to help targeting massive sulphides located at depths ranging from 500 m to 2000 m. In the fall of 1998 and early 1999, Noranda completed an 18 km2, 3-D seismic program in eastern Canada by successfully drill testing acoustic impedance anomalies locating massive sulphides at depths in excess of 1100 m.
Unusual behavior of the low‐latitude ionosphere in the Indian sector during the deep solar minimum in 2009

In this paper we carry out a comparative study of the daytime (7–18 LT) behavior of the near‐equatorial ionospheric F region at the end of the long deep solar minimum (2009) with respect to that of the previous normal solar minimum (1995) in the Indian longitude sector using ionosonde observations of F layer parameters, radar observations of E × B drift, and the IRI‐2012 (International Reference Ionosphere‐2012) model. We investigate the F2 and F3 layer behaviors separately. The results reveal that the peak frequencies of the F layer (fpeak), F2 layer (foF2), and F3 layer (foF3) in 2009 are consistently lower than those in 1995. Maximum difference in fpeak/foF2/foF3 between 2009 and 1995 observations is found in the equinoxes followed by winter and summer. The annual mean, seasonal mean, and 10 day mean peak electron density (corresponding to fpeak) in 2009 were lower than those in 1995 by as much as 34%, 46%, and 65%, respectively. Solar rotation effect is less conspicuous in 2009 than in 1995, consistent with the solar rotation signature in F10.7. Observations also show considerable amount of equinoctial asymmetry in electron density, which is found to be closely linked with the corresponding asymmetry in the vertical E × B drift. Seasonal mean peak electron densities of the F layer (corresponding to fpeak) and the F2 layer (corresponding to foF2) observed during the deep solar minimum of 2009 were smaller than those corresponding to IRI‐2012 model foF2 by as much as 45% and 50%, respectively, underlining the need to incorporate the data collected during the long deep minimum in the IRI model. The unusually weak ionosphere observed in 2009 is discussed in terms of the direct effect of the low solar EUV flux in 2009 as compared to 1995 and its indirect effects on ionospheric electric field, thermospheric composition (or O/N2 ratio), and thermospheric neutral winds.
Breg-Mediated Immunoregulation in the Skin

Wound healing is a complex process involving a coordinated series of events aimed at restoring tissue integrity and function. Regulatory B cells (Bregs) are a subset of B lymphocytes that play an essential role in fine-tuning immune responses and maintaining immune homeostasis. Recent studies have suggested that Bregs are important players in cutaneous immunity. This review summarizes the current understanding of the role of Bregs in skin immunity in health and pathology, such as diabetes, psoriasis, systemic sclerosis, cutaneous lupus erythematosus, cutaneous hypersensitivity, pemphigus, and dermatomyositis. We discuss the mechanisms by which Bregs maintain tissue homeostasis in the wound microenvironment through the promotion of angiogenesis, suppression of effector cells, and induction of regulatory immune cells. We also mention the potential clinical applications of Bregs in promoting wound healing, such as the use of adoptive Breg transfer.
A Suitable HPLC-MS/MS Methodology for the Detection of Oxytetracycline, Enrofloxacin, and Sulfachloropyridazine Residues in Lettuce Plants

Oxytetracycline (OTC), enrofloxacin (EFX), and sulfachloropyridazine (SCP) are critically important antimicrobials (AMs) in both human and veterinary medicine, where they are widely used in farm animals. Lettuce has become a matrix of choice for studying the presence of residues of these AMs in plants, as the concentrations of residues detected in lettuce can range from ng to mg. While several analytical methodologies have been developed for the purpose of detecting AMs in lettuce, these currently do not detect both the parent compound and its active metabolites or epimers, such as in the case of ciprofloxacin (CFX) and 4-epi-oxitetracycline (4-epi-OTC), which also pose a risk to public health and the environment due to their AM activity. In light of this situation, this work proposes an analytical method that was developed specifically to allow for the detection of OTC, 4-epi-OTC, EFX, CFX, and SCP in a lettuce matrix. This method uses acetonitrile, methanol, 0.5% formic acid, and McIlvaine-EDTA buffer as extraction solvents, and dispersive solid-phase extraction (dSPE) for the clean-up. The analytes were detected using a liquid chromatography technique coupled to mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). Parameters such as the specificity, linearity, recovery, precision, limit of detection, and limit (LOD) of quantification (LOQ) were calculated according to the recommendations established in the European Union decision 2021/808/EC and VICH GL2: Validation of analytical procedures. The LOQ for the analytes OTC, 4-epi-OTC, CFX, and SCP was 1 μg·kg−1, whereas for EFX, it was 5 μg·kg−1 dry weight. All calibration curves showed a coefficient of determination (R2) of >0.99. The recovery levels ranged from 93.0 to 110.5% and the precision met the acceptance criteria, with a coefficient of variation of ≤14.02%. Therefore, this methodology allows for the precise and reliable detection and quantification of these analytes. The analysis of commercial samples confirmed the suitability of this method.
Titles, Money or Academics: What Drives the Orthopaedic Surgeon in India-Tracing the Happiness and Productivity of Indian Orthopaedic Surgeons

a lower salary and this association was also found to be statistically significant (P Value=0.038). Conclusion-This study reported that practice in a Tier 1 city, age greater than 60 years, post-graduate training in a government institute, higher frequency of physical exercise (thrice a week to daily), the consciousness of daily caloric intake, and an involvement in the organization and management of major conferences and other academic and research activities were some of the factors that contributed to the happiness of orthopaedic surgeons in India.