Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Micro-channel heat exchanger optimization

A complete two-dimensional flow/thermal model of the micro-channel cooler is developed. Optimization of the design parameters with this model is demonstrated for the case of a 1 kW/cm/sup 2/ heat flux with the top surface at 25 degrees C. For this case, pure water could be used as the coolant, or 92% water/8% methanol (-5 degrees C freezing point) if the heat is to be dumped to ice/water. The flow rate should be about 50 cc/s per cm/sup 2/ of surface area. The distribution manifold channel spacing (center-to-center) should be 333 mu m (30 channels/cm). The fin height should be about 167 mu m (H/sub F//L=1). The distribution manifold channel widths should be about 200 mu m (W/L=0.6). The micro-channels should be between 7 mu m and 14 mu m wide, while the ratio of fin thickness to micro-channel width should be from 0.5 to 1.0. With these design parameters, an effective heat transfer coefficient (surface heat flux divided by surface to coolant inlet temperature difference) on the order of 100 W/cm/sup 2/ K will be achieved with a total pressure drop of only about 2 bar. <<ETX>>
The Role of Toll-like Receptors (TLRs) Mediated Inflammation in Pancreatic Cancer Pathophysiology

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most lethal forms of cancer, characterized by its aggressiveness and metastatic potential. Despite significant improvements in PC treatment and management, the complexity of the molecular pathways underlying its development has severely limited the available therapeutic opportunities. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a pivotal role in inflammation and immune response, as they are involved in pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). Activation of TLRs initiates a signaling cascade, which in turn, leads to the transcription of several genes involved in inflammation and anti-microbial defense. TLRs are also deregulated in several cancers and can be used as prognostic markers and potential targets for cancer-targeted therapy. In this review we discuss the current knowledge about the role of TLRs in PC progression, focusing on the available TLRs-targeting compounds and their possible use in PC therapy.
CAPACITY BUILDING BOOST EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE IN BANKING SECTOR OF PAKISTAN

This study is conducted to investigate the factors that enhance employee’s performance at workplace. To observe intrinsic feature Capacity Building and Ext rinsic features such as Supervisory Support and Organizational Support for Career Development role in employee’s productivity. Quantitative research approach was used; Middle level employees of banking industry were selected for analyzing this concept . Reliability and validly of 45 items were ensured an d SPSS version 20 was used for model testing by multiple regression analysis technique. Research ou tcomes depict that supervisory support and organizational support for career development doesn ’t impact significantly on Employees Performance of banking sector, Whereas Capacity Building of an individual employee leads to enhance his/her performance. Capacity Building of employee’s leads to enhance performance as justified by this researc h, however, cannot be achieved without providing support for career development to their employees. Therefore, Impact of organizational support on capa city building of employee’s may be interest corner for researchers. We observed capacity building positive has impact on e mployee’s performance along with the external factors with statistically significant measures.
An ideal PWM-VSI inverter using only one current sensor in the DC-link

This paper describes how to improve the performance of open loop, low cost PWM-VSI controlled AC machines by the use of one current sensor. The performance is especially improved at low speed where nonlinearities like blanking-time and voltage drop are dominant. An often used modulation technique is described and basic compensation techniques are presented. Only one current sensor in the DC link is used for reconstruction of all three phase currents and the currents are used for compensation. Different limitations are discussed. The compensation techniques are tested in a 16-bit microcontroller based inverter. Tests show that the phase currents can be reconstructed by measurement of the DC link current both at low and high speed. They also show that a highly improved torque-speed characteristic can be obtained by using the compensation techniques and an almost ideal inverter is obtained. >
Towards the use of RDF Stream Processing for Event Enrichment from Social Media Streams

Being able to quickly respond to incidents in an appropriate way is crucial to emergency responders, hence, good situation awareness is essential. Today, situation awareness can be developed through information from traditional information sources, coupled with domain speciﬁc knowledge, but it can also be complemented by information from other sources, such as Social Media streams. However, to handle large-scale online data streams new means for data processing are needed. In combination with Semantic Web technologies, stream processing can be used to perform Complex Event Processing over the data streams, and to enrich the event information and make it more informative for emergency responders, as well as for post-emergency analysis and investigation. In this paper we demonstrate the feasibility of using existing RDF Stream Processing (RSP) for event enrichment from Social Media streams. We exemplify this through a simple use case and discuss the potentials and limits of this approach.
An economic and econometric analysis of the most important factors affecting the production of wheat in Iraq for the period (1990-2020)

In this research we made a standard economic analyses for the most important factors affect production for wheat in Iraq for the period (1990-2020), it studied wheat production as it is the most important crop product it used the local production a following factor but the independent factors are (area, local price, chemical technology, workers and capital), it tested the stability of time series by phillips perron test (p.p) it shows the results that some verities fixed at the level some other fixed at the first difference, so it applied type (ARDL) and used counteraction between the variable of study using (bound test). It shows that there is a balanced relation for long term (cointegration) long term between local production for the studied crops and the independent variable. The results show the variables contain expected marks, through making the diagnostic tests it shows that this type is free of any standard problems.
Gate length scalability of n-MOSFETs down to 30 nm: Comparison between LDD and non-LDD structures

Gate length scalability of LDD and non-LDD n-MOSFETs are investigated in terms of resistance to short-channel effects. Extremely small gate electrodes are delineated using electron beam direct writing and highly selective dry-etching techniques. An LDD MOSFET with As-implanted 15-nm-deep junctions shows a superior scalability down to 30 nm. In contrast, in the case of a non-LDD MOSFET having Sb-/spl delta/-doped 18-nm-deep junctions, the drain induced barrier lowering (DIBL) mechanism limits the minimum gate length to around 80 nm, at which favorable device operation is achieved. The difference between built in potential of source/drain junctions (around 0.1 eV) of LDD and non-LDD devices is found to remarkably affect short channel characteristics in the sub-0.1-/spl mu/m region.
Fatigue as a limitation to performance

Scientific interest in the nature and causes of exercise-induced fatigue developed through the 19th century, culminating in the publication in 1891 of a monograph on the subject by Angelo Mosso (Mosso, 1891). Mosso had developed an ergographicmethod to quantify fatigue of the muscles of the middle finger in response to voluntary or electrically evoked contractions. Other methodological advances led to a focus on different exercise models and on specific aspects of the fatigue process. August Krogh developed a reliable cycle ergometer that has remained the standard laboratory exercise model and also an accurate method for the analysis of expired air (Krogh, 1913). The introduction of the needle biopsy method for obtaining samples of human muscle, by Jonas Bergstrom in the 1960s, shifted the focus to the role of substrate depletion and metabolite accumulation in the active muscles (Bergstrom, 1962). A working definition of fatigue was proposed by Richard Edwards at the 1981 Ciba Foundation symposium: ‘fatigue is a failure to maintain the required or expected work output’ (Edwards, 1981). The symposium covered aspects of fatigue from the perspectives of the central and peripheral neuromuscular system. Various international symposia dedicated to the topic of fatigue were held in the 1980s and 1990s, for example, the 1994 International Symposium on Neural and Neuromuscular Aspects of Muscle Fatigue (Gandevia et al., 1994). As part of its 2019 annual meeting, hosted in Aberdeen, The Physiological Society organised five satellite symposia on the day prior to the main conference. The theme of one of these satellite symposia was ‘Fatigue as a limitation to performance’, and it was based upon three separate but inter-related sessions that focused on the neuromuscular system and fatigue, the cardiovascular system and fatigue, and finally, muscle metabolism and fatigue. The first session included an examination of the role of the brain in fatigue presented by Professor Romain Meeusen (Vrije University, Brussels, Belgium), who reviewed the evidence that manipulation of the activity of brain neurotransmitters during exercise could influence performance and the perception of fatigue (Meeusen et al., 2021). Wilson and Maughan (1992) showed that administration of paroxetine, an inhibitor of 5-hydroxytryptamine reuptake, significantly reduced endurance capacity during prolonged exercise. Oral administration of noradrenaline, dopamine and reuptake inhibitors of these central catecholamines before exercise led to the conclusion that administration of noradrenaline agonists (reboxetine) impaired performance, but inhibiting reuptake of dopamine had no effect on exercise performance. Furthermore, emerging evidence
Fault tolerance in back-to-back three-level neutral-point-clamped induction motor drives

In this paper, the fault-tolerant capabilities of a back-to-back three-level Neutral-Point-Clamped induction motor drive are analysed. A strategy is proposed to manage fault-tolerant operation and the reconfiguration procedure, using minimal hardware expansion. This strategy includes diagnosis and tolerance solutions for IGBT open-circuit faults in both inverter and rectifier stages, thus guaranteeing a continuous operation of the motor and the maintenance of sinusoidal currents and unity power factor supply after the occurrence of a fault. Special attention is given to the reconfiguration procedure. Simulation results are included to demonstrate the good performance of the proposed strategies.
A new design approach for control circuits of pipelined single-flux-quantum microprocessors

A novel method of design for controllers of pipelined microprocessors using single-flux-quantum (SFQ) logic has been proposed. The proposed design approach is based on one hot encoding and is very suitable for designing a finite state machine using SFQ logic circuits, where each internal state of the microprocessor is represented by a flip-flop. In this approach, decoding of the internal state can be performed instantaneously, in contrast to the case in the conventional method using a binary state register. Moreover, pipelining is effectively implemented without increasing the circuit size because no pipeline registers are required in the one hot encoding. By using this method, we have designed a controller for our new SFQ microprocessors, which employs pipelining. The number of Josephson junctions of the newly designed controller is 1067, while the previous version without pipelining contains 1721 Josephson junctions. These results indicate that the proposed design approach is very effective for pipelined SFQ microprocessors. We have implemented a new controller using the NEC 2.5 kA cm−2 Nb standard process and confirmed its correct operation experimentally.
Classification of Non-tumorous Facial Pigmentation Disorders Using Generative Adversarial Networks and Improved SMOTE

The diagnosis of non-tumorous facial pigmentation disorders is crucial since facial pigmentations can serve as a health indicator for other more serious diseases. The computer-based classification of non-tumorous facial pigmentation disorders using images / photographs allows automated diagnosis of such disorders. However, the classification performance of existing methods is still not satisfactory due to the limited real-world images available for research. In this paper, we proposed a novel approach to applying generative adversarial network (GAN) with improved synthetic minority over-sampling technique (Improved SMOTE) to enhance the image dataset with more varieties. With the application of Improved SMOTE, more data is provided to train GAN models. By utilizing the GAN to perform data augmentation, more diverse and effective training images can be generated for developing classification model using deep neural networks via transfer learning. A significant increase in the classification accuracy (>4%) was achieved by the proposed method compared to the state-of-the-art method.
O Efeito Anti-Hipertensivo de Sauromatum Guttatum Mediado por Efeitos Vasorrelaxante e Depressivos Miocárdicos

Resumo Fundamento: A Sauromatum guttatum (S. guttatum) é utilizado no tratamento de doenças do sangue e supostamente tem atividade espasmolítica através da inibição dos canais de Ca2+. Objetivos: O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o potencial anti-hipertensivo de S. guttatum em modelo de rato Sprague-Dawley (SD) com hipertensão induzida por dieta com alto teor de sal (HIDATS). Métodos: Ratos SD foram divididos em normotensos, hipertensos e grupos tratados com verapamil e S. guttatum. Extrato bruto de S. guttatum (Sg.B) (100, 150 e 300 mg/kg/dia) e verapamil (5, 10 e 15 mg/kg/dia) foram administrados por via oral junto com NaCl. Anéis aórticos e faixas do átrio direito de ratos normotensos foram utilizados para investigar os mecanismos subjacentes. O nível de significância estatística adotado foi de 5%. Resultados: A pressão arterial média diminuiu nos grupos hipertensos tratados com Sg.B e verapamil de forma dose-dependente (p <0,001). No estudo de reatividade vascular, a acetilcolina induziu relaxamentos com valor CE50 de 0,6 µg/mL (0,3–1,0) em ratos hipertensos tratados com Sg.B (300 mg/kg), sugerindo preservação endotelial. Em aorta isolada de rato normotenso, o Sg.B exibiu vasorrelaxamento com valor de CE50 de 0,15 mg/mL (0,10-0,20), após ablação por desnudamento endotelial ou pré-tratamento com L-NAME e atropina. O tratamento com Sg.B causou relaxamento contra contrações induzidas por K+ alto, como o verapamil. O Sg.B mostrou efeitos inotrópicos (82%) e cronotrópicos (56%) negativos em preparações isoladas atriais de ratos reduzidas com atropina. A avaliação fitoquímica indicou a presença de alcaloides, flavonoides e taninos. Conclusão: O S. guttatum possui efeito vasodilatador através da preservação da função endotelial, liberação de NO mediada pelo receptor muscarínico e inibição do movimento de Ca2+, enquanto o efeito depressor do miocárdio atrial pode estar ligado ao receptor muscarínico. Esses achados fornecem a base farmacológica para o uso do extrato de S. guttatum como um medicamento anti-hipertensivo.
Big Data Analytics for Anomaly Detection in Online Reviews

—Big Data is an evolving term that describes any voluminous amount of heterogeneous data with respect to (3v) variety, volume and velocity of the data. In any business model, the feedback of the customers is a primary concern as their review plays a crucial role in the business development. In the existing system, the detection of anomalies in wireless mobile networks is carried out by using spatio-temporal information about a user through big data analytics. This method involves anomaly detection but does not specify the type of anomaly. We propose a system that determines if the review given by a user about a particular event is true by tracking the location of the user in a backend process. We achieve this by using truth discovery algorithm, sentimental analysis and android-web server communication using WAP. This increases the security of the user and also enhances the performance of the system, regardless of the size of the dataset along with providing accurate results.
An Active Damper for Stabilizing Power-Electronics-Based AC Systems

The interactions among the parallel grid-connected converters coupled through the grid impedance tend to result in stability and power quality problems. To address them, this paper proposes an active damper based on a high bandwidth power electronics converter. The general idea behind this proposal is to dynamically reshape the grid impedance profile seen from the point of common coupling of the converters, such that the potential oscillations and resonance propagation in the parallel grid-connected converters can be mitigated. To validate the effectiveness of the active damper, simulations and experimental tests on a three-converter-based setup are carried out. The results show that the active damper can become a promising way to stabilize the power-electronics-based ac power systems.
Affordance Learning from Play for Sample-Efficient Policy Learning

Robots operating in human-centered environments should have the ability to understand how objects function: what can be done with each object, where this interaction may occur, and how the object is used to achieve a goal. To this end, we propose a novel approach that extracts a self-supervised visual affordance model from human teleoperated play data and leverages it to enable efficient policy learning and motion planning. We combine model-based planning with model-free deep reinforcement learning (RL) to learn policies that favor the same object regions favored by people, while requiring minimal robot interactions with the environment. We evaluate our algorithm, Visual Affordance-guided Policy Optimization (VAPO), with both diverse simulation manipulation tasks and real world robot tidy-up experiments to demonstrate the effectiveness of our affordance-guided policies. We find that our policies train 4 × faster than the baselines and generalize better to novel objects because our visual affordance model can anticipate their affordance regions.
Compensation of nonlinear distortion effects for signal injection based sensorless control

An accuracy and robustness comparison is made between three high-frequency carrier-based sensorless control techniques. The high-frequency carrier signal may be injected on an arbitrary stationary three-phase axis or the estimated, synchronously rotating d or q-axis. Nonlinear distortion effects introduced by the pulse-width modulation switching process lead to distortion of the high-frequency carrier signal which causes a degradation of position detection accuracy. It is shown that all three signal injection techniques suffer loss of accuracy but the distortion is least when the carrier is injected on the torque producing q-axis. This leads to a tradeoff between the undesirable production of high-frequency torque ripple and the radiation of audible noise, and robustness to nonlinear distortion effects. To overcome this tradeoff a new compensation model is proposed. An experimental implementation of the new compensator is applied to the three signal injection techniques used to estimate the rotor angle of a permanent magnet ac machine. Experimental results confirm that the new compensator minimises the distortion of the high-frequency injection signal irrespective of its axis of injection which leads to an improvement in position estimation accuracy and robustness.
Denim Kumaşlarda Görüntü İşleme İle Hata Tespiti

The textile industry is one of the most important and economical jobs in the quality control process for the detection of production defects in the production of finished fabrics. The fabrics are checked before they come to the garment process and the faulty parts are cut into pieces from the fabric. If there are any defects that cannot be noticed during the inspection or cannot be separated by waste cutting, this decreases the fabrics to second quality. After quality control, faulty piece fabrics separated in the cutting process or second quality products sent to the customer cause serious costs. Although the quality control process performed by the human eye is quite costly in terms of labor and time, its performance is not as high as desired. For this reason, studies are carried out for the use of automatic and intelligent systems in the quality control stage. In this study, image processing methods are proposed for the detection and classification of defects in denim fabrics produced from 100% cotton yarn and dyed with indigo dyestuff. Digital datas were acquired by feature extraction from fabric images which were detected by using image processing algorithms. Five different algorithms have been run on the feature matrix and distinction between the defective and clean image has been provided. According to the comparisons, it is concluded that the best performing algorithm is J48 Decision Algorithm.
Numerical analysis of RC deep beams strengthened in shear with NSM CFRP bars

This paper investigate the shear behavior of the reinforced concrete deep beams strengthened using externally bonded fiber reinforced polymer FRP-Near Surface Mounted (NSM) anchor bar (embedded through section) by using finite elemental analysis (FEA). FEA modeling have been carried out by using ABAQUS. The properties of CFRP bars and reinforced concrete deep beam were collected from previous experimental work. Simulation of models was performed by considering two configurations for strengthening in shear. Previous experimental works have shown good enhancement in shear carrying capacity for the RC deep beams as 17.3% to 25.5%. All models were analyzed under two-point load with shear span to depth ratio av/d of 0.864. FRP bar used at 5 mm diameter with 90° angle of orientation and 100 mm with 150 mm spacing between installed bars. FEA results show a good agreement with the experimental results, while the error is limited to less than 10 %.
Rice quality classification using an automatic grain quality inspection system

In this article, we examine the performance of an automatic inspection system for rice quality classification. Sorting of rice into sound, cracked, chalky, immature, dead, broken, damaged, and off–type kernels was performed by the system. Specific rice quality inspection software was developed to prepare sorting parameters and to refine sorting precision and machine operation. A range–selection algorithm was implemented as a series of parameter range tables. The software was developed in the Windows environment to provide a graphical and user–friendly interface. Results show that the automated inspection system could correctly categorize over 90% of rice kernels based on comparison with human inspection. Results for sound, chalky, and cracked kernels indicated high accuracy in each quality category, around 95%, 92%, and 87%, respectively. The average processing speed for online rice quality inspection was over 1200 kernels/min. This prototype grain quality inspection system demonstrated performance comparable to subjective human inspection.