Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
TOWARDS SPATIAL POVERTY TARGETING: IDENTIFICATION OF POVERTY CLUSTERING IN INDONESIA

The Government of Indonesia is facing a new challenge in tackling poverty since the pace of the fall in the poverty rate has been slowing over the five years to 2020. To date, poverty alleviation programs implemented by the Government of Indonesia have been limited to large administrative areas such as the district ( kabupaten ) level. For this study, we combined the Poverty Livelihood Map of Indonesia 2015 (Poverty Maps) that measures Small Area Estimation to estimate poverty at the subdistrict ( kecamatan ) level using National Socioeconomic Survey Data (Susenas), with Census of Village Potential (Podes) datasets and Census Base Maps. This study aims to explore spatial patterns of poverty in Indonesia in relation to local geographic and demographic characteristics. We employed Global Moran’s I to investigate the spatial autocorrelation of the poverty at kecamatan level, and Local Moran’s I to detect the clustering pattern of poverty in wider geographical area in Indonesia. Furthermore, we estimated the association of poverty with spatial factors using spatial lag regression because poverty is spatially correlated across areas. The data show that hot spots of poverty are concentrated in many adjacent subdistrics and can be located across neighboring district. We found strong clusters of poverty of subdistricts in Indonesia. The spatial lag regression showed that factors such as agriculture, natural landscape (area located in uplands, woodland, sea, and river), physical infrastructures (road access and irrigation availability), access to basic facilities (health, education, and economy) are significantly correlated with poverty clustering. public health facilities, almost all local geographic characteristics have a significant relationship with subdistrict poverty. This result is consistent with previous research such as Murayama and Thapa (2011), Davis (1986), and Hyman et al. (2005). These findings highlight the role of local geographic conditions and infrastructure to characterise the presence of poverty clusters or poverty pockets in some regions of Indonesia.
Machine Learning Approach in Stock Market Prediction: A Case of Colombo Stock Exchange

-The profitability of the stock market investment depends on the investor's decisions and is based on a mix of dynamic environmental factors. Stock price trends are repeatedly forecasted to extract useful patterns and predict their movements. There are different approaches to stock price prediction and different forecasting methods are used by stock market analysts. As a replica of many scientific endeavors, several methods have been found to accurately predict stock prices. Most researchers have been used technical analysis to get more accurate results, while limited researchers used fundamental analysis. However, there is no evidence that compares these two analyzes. Ceylon Tobacco Company PLC, Dialog Axiata PLC, and John Keells Holdings PLC were selected as the sample for this study by employing a simple random sampling method and market capitalization. The technical analysis was performed using five different classifiers and the results were evaluated using the mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE), relative absolute error (RAE), and root-relative square error (RRSE). Sequential Minimum Optimization regression (SMOreg) has yielded more accurate results. The fundamental analysis was conducted by employing natural language processing mechanisms and the Random Trees classifier presented the best results. The outcome of this study shows that a comprehensive model can be built with a combination of technical and fundamental analysis. The findings facilitate to predict the share price of the Colombo Stock Exchange using machine learning techniques. This model was able to predict the stock price with 65% accuracy and would benefit all individual investors in the local stock market
Review on Self Nano Emulsifying Drug Delivery System

SEDDS (Self Emulsifying Drug Delivery System) have been broadly classified based on the basis of droplet size obtained after dispersion. If the droplet size of dispersion is in range of 100-250 nm then the SEDDS are termed as SMEDDS (Self Micro Emulsifying Drug Delivery System) while those having droplet size below 100 nm are called SNEDDS (Self Nano Emulsify- ing Drug Delivery System). Selection of lipid, surfactant and co-surfactant is done based on solubility of drug in lipid, surfactant and co-solvent. A ternary phase diagram of the three components is plotted by keeping oil, surfactant and co-surfactant on three different axis. Based on the clarity of dispersion, emulsification time and droplet size, the entire plot is divided into four regions namely phase separation, SEDDS, SMEDDS and SNEDDS. Self-emulsification is a phenomenon that occurs spontaneously during the formation of SEDDS. It occurs when entropy change that favours dispersion is greater than energy required to increase the surface area of emulsion. Physical adsorption of L-SEDDS (Liq-uid-Self Emulsifying Drug Delivery System) on the solid carriers is one of the simplest technique of solidification. In this process, L-SEDDS are added on solid car- rier and mixed either via physical blending with hand or motor pestle on lab scale or via use of blenders.
Migratory Japanese Quail ( Coturnix coturnix japonica ) as a Host and Carrier for Coccidiosis and Ascaridiasis

This study was conducted to detect Eimeria tenella and Ascaridia galli in migratory Japanese quail ( Coturnix japonica ). To idientify the protozoan and intestinal prasite of wild birds Out of 300 fecal samples of birds processed through microscopy, 218 (72.6%) were positive for Eimeria oocysts. Length, width and shape index of oocysts of E. tenella were 21.7 ± 1.29 µm, 19.5 ± 1.9 µm and 1.27± 0.12, respectively. The oocysts of E. tenella were further confirmed by PCR targeting mitochondrial fragment CO-1 gene (727bp). BLAST results of the sequence showed similarity (99%) to E . tenella (JX853830.1). Furthermore, 230 birds were slaughtered; gastro-intestinal tracts (GIT) were collected and examined for the presence of parasitic infestation, out of which 120 quails were found positive (52.17%) for Ascaridia galli . In molecular study the targeted gene, CO-1 (Cytochrome oxide-1), was used for the identification of Ascaridia galli . The result of sequence revealed 99% similarity of Ascaridia galli on BLAST with Ascaridia galli of chicken. In conclusion, molecular methods are best for species identification of Eimeria. tenella and Ascaridia galli. Finally, migratory Quails are potential risk factors for dispersal of protozoans and nematodes which then may infect and infest local and commercial chicken, respectively.
‘We can go anywhere’: Understanding Independence through a Case Study of Ride-hailing Use by People with Visual Impairments in metropolitan India

Ride-hailing services have received attention as part of the growing work around the sharing economy, but the focus of these studies has largely been on drivers. In this paper, we examine how ride-hailing is transforming the transportation practices of one group of passengers - people with visual impairments in metropolitan India. Through a qualitative study consisting of interviews and observations, we examined the use and impact of these services on our target population, who otherwise contend with chaotic, unreliable, and largely inaccessible modes of transportation. We found that ride-hailing services positively affects participants’ notions of independence, and we tease out how independence for our participants is not just about ‘doing things alone, without help’ but is also situated, social and relative. Furthermore, we show how accessibility, in the case of ride-hailing in India, is a socio-technical and collaborative achievement, involving interactions between the passenger, the driver, and the technology.
Review of Income Distribution Data: Brazil

The first purpose of this paper is to survey the most important sources of data: the Demographic Census, published by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), the Income Tax data, published by the Ministry of Finance, and the 2/3 Law data published by the Ministry of Labour. Each of these has different coverage and may be used to achieve specific objectives of the antlysis. We are going to describe the characteristics of each source of data and to point out briefly the ways in which these data have been analyzed in studies. published about income distribution in Brazil.
Kantowski-Sachs Cosmological Model with a Minimally Coupled Scalar Field

: The present study deals with spatially homogeneous and anisotropic Kantowski-Sachs Cosmological model with a minimally coupled scalar field in Einstein's theory of gravitation. To get a determinate model of the universe, we assume that the scalar expansion (  ) of the model is proportional to the shear (  ). This condition leads to A =  B m , where  and m are constants. Various physical and geometical properties of the model
Racial Disparities in Housing Politics: Evidence from Administrative Data ∗

Neighborhood meetings may democratize planning decisions and provide voice to underrepresented interests. Or, in keeping with American land use planning’s long history of racial exclusion, these institutions may actually amplify the views of wealthy, white landowners. To better understand the dynamics of these meetings, we explore the racial backgrounds of participants in public meetings using novel data from planning and zoning board meeting minutes, a voter file, and sophisticated name matching techniques. We show that homeowners and whites are strikingly overrepresented in these venues, and Latinos are especially underrepresented. Strong majorities of all racial/ethnic groups oppose the construction of new housing, though support is significantly higher among black meeting participants. Even in highly diverse communities, development meetings are dominated by whites who oppose new housing, potentially distorting the housing supply to their benefit.
The etymology of Korean ssal ‘ uncooked grain ’ and pap ‘ cooked grain ’

In this paper, I will provide etymological explanations for the two Korean words for ‘grain’: ssal ‘uncooked grain’ and pap ‘cooked grain. ’ The word ssal ‘uncooked grain’ is a loanword from Middle Chinese bu-sat ‘Bodhisattva,’ linking the Buddhist holy figure to the type of food that has a sacred status in Korean culture. The support for this claim comes from the fact that (i) grains were sometimes associated with the Buddha’s body in Korea, and (ii) certain dialects of Japanese have also referred to rice — undoubtedly the most favored type of grain — as bosatsu ‘Bodhisattva’ or buppō-sama ‘Lord Buddha Dharma. ’ Moreover, pap ‘cooked grain’ is most likely derived from the baby-talk term for ‘food,’ because cross-linguistically, baby-talk terms for ‘food’ or ‘to eat’ tend to be similar to /papa/ or /mama/, some of which shifted into the adult-talk term for food or a common type of food.
ASSESSMENT OF AGRONOMIC AND FIBER TRAITS IN AN UPLAND COTTON POPULATION FROM F 2.3 TO F 2.6 GENERATIONS

Agronomic and fiber quality cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) traits were collected and evaluated from generation F 2.3 (field progeny rows), F 2.4 (greenhouse single plants), F 2.5 (field single plants), and F 2.6 (field progeny rows) on a population of 208 families, developed by a cross of A1006 x ‘MD51ne’ (A1006 known as ‘Fiber Max 832’). Generations were advanced from F 2.3 to F 2.6 by the single seed descent method. We used SAS PROC GLM and PROC CORR to perform the analyses of variance and mean separations, and for the association of the above traits within and across generations, respectively. Thirty-four traits were assessed, and only ten have been discussed herein. Lint percentage and boll weight were correlated with all agronomic and fiber quality traits in at least one generation, except for fiber elongation. In addition, lint percentage and boll weight were correlated across generations, indicating some level of association among different environments of collected data. For fiber quality traits, Starlab, Inc. conventional measurements were for the most part correlated with measurements taken by the Advanced Fiber Information System (AFIS R Uster), e.g., 2.5% fiber span length from Starlab and AFIS with r = 0.851 and r = 0.899 for generations F 2.3 and F 2.6, respectively. A smaller number of trait measurements, from the AFIS multidata measurement module, was correlated with agronomic traits within generations. Across generations, AFIS analyzed measurements were also less correlated, possibly detecting differences between environments, or/and indicating less inheritable traits. The greenhouse fiber data from F 2.4 generation was found to possess the highest values for neps (147.8±49.6), seed coat (14.9±6.4), and percentage of immature fiber content (7.7±4.9). Multiple traits can be correlated due to linkage or pleiotropy; or the correlated traits may be components of a more complex variable. The above trait correlations may be useful in developing selection criteria to simultaneously improve yield and fiber quality traits.
Hybrid Information of Transformer for Image Captioning

has emerged and has replaced the RNN with its efficient parallel mechanism and more powerful encoder-decoder framework to show encouraging results in some methods. In order to maintain its parallelism, most current methods adopt the teacher forcing method in the decoding stage of the training process, which encourages the model to predict all previous ground truth tokens in the sequence as the next ground truth token. However, during the process of test, the model cannot use ground truth tokens and must instead condition on its own prior predictions, resulting in train-test discrepancy:exposure bias. There are also a small number of methods that use Scheduled Sampling instead of Teacherforcing for high performance, unfortunately, this destroys the parallelism of Transformer. In order to effectively deal with the balance between exposure bias and parallelism for image captioning, we propose to use the Scheduled Sampling of Transformer (SSoT) module to help Transformer generate captions for images. As shown in Fig.1, first, we use the encoder to encode the image features, and then the encoded feature vectors enter the decoder, after generating the first decoding of the prediction ”self-study information”, we apply SSoT module to our image captioning model, each group of sentences and ground truth ”teacher-guide information” are mixed with a certain probability as the guide feature vector ”hybrid information” of the second decoding of the decoder. As shown in Fig.2, given self-study information S = (S 1, S 2, · · · , S n) from the first decoding, teacher-guided information t = (T1, T2, · · · , Tn) , the teaching gate g ∈ [0, 1]
“ Design, development and evaluation of liposomal nanoparticles. In vitro toxicity and permeability study with Transwell methodology.”

The aim of this study was to prepare liposomal systems, examine their physicochemical characteristics and thermal behavior overtime and evaluate their toxicity and permeability properties in vitro using a co-culture of intestinal epithelial cells Caco- 2 /TC7 and HT29-MTX. Liposomal systems were prepared using different lipids and physicochemical characterization was performed over a period of 31 days, showing satisfactory results in terms of physicochemical stability. Differential scanning calorimetry was performed to evaluate the thermal behavior of liposomes, displaying the role of each lipid in the formation of the thermodynamic characteristics of each system. Their toxicity was evaluated using MTT assay and all liposomes presented high viability of cells. Particularly, none of the systems caused viability lower than 80% even at the highest concentrations used (15% v/v). Therefore, the systems were non-toxic to the epithelial cells and permeability studies were performed using rhodamine B as a tracer dye. Permeability studies showed 2-2.5 folds permeability enhancement by the use of liposomes compared to the solution of rhodamine B. Among these systems, the liposomes containing the positively charged lipid DOTAP presented the highest percentage of transport of rhodamine B across the epithelial monolayer. Liposomes can be promising drug delivery systems across the intestinal epithelium, however further research needs to be done to examine the exact mechanisms of liposomal absorption and overcome in vivo barriers that eliminate the efficiency of liposomes.
A short review on ticks and Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever disease in emergency department perspective in endemic regions

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a lethal disease caused by the CCHF virus of the Bunyaviridae family. The virus is transmitted to humans through tick bites or contact with blood and tissues of infected animals. Various domestic and wild animals have been identified as a reservoir for this virus, including cattle, sheep, goats, hedgehogs and hares. Numerous species of ticks can carry the virus; however, very few of them have been implicated as vectors. The most important tick vector is the Hyalomma spp. , as the virus was isolated from it and its geographic distribution coincides with that of the disease. In Turkey, especially since 2002, CCHF has been a serious public health problem threatening lives of thousands of people. A regional epidemic has occurred in Turkey in 2003 and since then, when considering the number of CCHF cases reported worldwide, the highest number has been reported in Turkey. The majority of cases in our country were from 15 cities in a region called Kelkit Canyon and its environs in the middle and North Anatolia, particularly the cities of Corum, Tokat, Sivas, Yozgat and Erzurum from which two-thirds of cases were reported. In this article, our aim was to guide physicians for CCHF in endemic regions in the World and share our experiences. Being aware of the disease is the mainstay for prevention from the disease and reduce morbidity and mortality related to it.
MICROBIOLOGICAL AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL EVALUATIONS OF SOME STREAMS ALONG ILISAN-AGO IWOYE ROAD, OGUN STATE, NIGERIA

Microbial and physicochemical analyses were carried out on water samples collected from seven different streams from different communities along Ilisan, Ago-Iwoye Road, Ogun State, Nigeria, using standard procedures. The evaluated streams include Ome, Ogboni, Ogbe, Ona, Orisa, Oruken and Ayanyelu. The physicochemical parameters assayed for include temperature, pH, taste, appearance, odour, presence or absence of particles. Mannitol salt agar medium was used for the isolation of Staphylococcus aureus, while Salmonella-Shigella was used for isolation of Salmonella sp. The coliform test was employed to detect the faecal organisms while the Most Probable Number (MPN) was by the multiple tube fermentation technique. Oruken stream had the highest number of bacterial isolates with total count of 5.73 x 10 5 cfu/ml while Orisa stream had the lowest bacterial isolates with total count of 0.29 x 10 5 cfu/ml. The microorganisms isolated include Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Bacillus firmus, Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus. Most of the stream waters were unsafe for drinking as they were of low quality thresholds. Thus, the stream waters require further purification to ensure their suitability for human consumption.
Research on Intelligent Vehicle Path Tracking BasedonMPCand Fuzzy Control

In order to improve the path tracking accuracy of the intelligent vehicle at high speed and establish a practical track tracking controller, this paper based on MPC algorithm, establish a vehicle monorail model, by controlling the front wheel Angle, to achieve the intelligent vehicle to the fifth-order polynomial obstacle avoidance path tracking.With the yaw angular velocity and the error of sidesaw Angle of the center of mass as the double input, the yaw moment is output by the fuzzy controller and applied to the wheel to reduce the deviation of the trajectory under high speed condition.The CarSim/Simulink co-simulation model was built to verify the results, and the results show that the proposed control method can reduce the deviation of path tracking under high speed conditions, and the tracking effect is good.
Fault classification based on computer vision for steel wire ropes

As an actual steel material application, steel wire rope (SWR) is widely used in various industrial cases. However, in real cases, SWRs are inevitably damaged by erosion, friction, etc. Therefore, it is of great importance to monitor SWRs’ surface conditions in case of accidents. In recent years, computer vision recognition of SWR’s surface has been extensively studied. Based on it, we propose an image-processing method to detect local flaws of SWRs, which extracts the features from the illumination area on the surface of the SWR. Firstly, a three-feature dimension descriptor is constructed by combining the edge grayscale value gradient of the illumination area and morphological features of the illumination area. Then, the KNN (k-nearest neighbour) algorithm is used as a classification method to distinguish the local flaws. According to the experiment results, our proposed method has a high accuracy which is about 94.35%, and low time cost. It can be used in future local flaw detection.
FRICTION TEST BALL ON FLAT DURING RUNNING-IN PERIOD ON UMT TRIBOMETER

This paper presents results of friction tests made during running in period for a tribosystem with ball on flat contact with sliding, under dry or boundary/mixed friction. Linear movement between triboelements is obtained in two ways: rotation of a disk and respectively translation on fixed plate. The experiments have pursued two objectives: determine the friction forces and friction coefficients for different friction conditions; determine the measured wear or the surface topology of the friction surfaces, for different friction conditions and surface precision.