Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ESTIMATION OF NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION (NPP) USING REMOTE SENSING APPROACH AND PLANT PHYSIOLOGICAL MODELING (PENDUGAAN NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION (NPP) MENGGUNAKAN PENDEKATAN PENGINDERAAN JAUH DAN MODELING FISIOLOGIS TANAMAN)

Information Net Primary Production (NPP) of tropical forests is important for the development of realistic global carbon budgets and for projecting how these ecosystems will be affected by climate changes. This research utilized remotely sensed data and micrometeorological measurement to provide information on vegetation condition. The objective of this research is to estimate spatial NPP using remote sensing approach and plant physiological/micrometeorological modeling. The estimation of NPP is conducted using modeling approach, which is based on relationship between radiation use efficiency, photosyntetically active radiation and fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation by the plants’s canopy. Trend of NDVI derived using micrometeorological measurement showed an increase from 2001 to 2002, and then decrease from 2002 to 2004. Average different values (delta) between both methods used to derive NDVI is relatively constant around 0.33 with a high correlation of r2 = 0.98. Using remotely sensed data, the highest NPP values estimated is in year 2003 with value range between 2000 – 2500 (gC m-2 yr-1), less than 2% of the whole forest area. In 2003, 75% area has NPP between 1500 – 2000 (gC m-2 yr-1), meanwhile for 2002 and 2004 it is only 21% and 50 %, respectively. NPP values estimated using micrometeorological measurement show the increasing of NPP values from 2002 to 2003, and then decrease from 2003 to 2004. There is strong correlation between NPP values derived from the two methods with r2 = 0.98.
New data on the Tuscolano-Artemisio phase of the Alban Hills: some insights on climatic conditions

A pyroclastic flow 14 m thick embedding well-preserved wood remains has been retrieved at a depth of 120 m from a borehole drilled near the village of Lanuvio, about 9 km south of the Lake of Albano. 40Ar/39Ar analyses on a leucititic lava flow immediately overlying the drilled ignimbrite, gave an age of 485 ± 1ka. Facies and age constraints are consistent with pyroclastic products of the first Tuscolano-Artemisio phase. The new findings presented here contribute toward reconstructing the early eruptive history of the Alban Hills. New chronological data further define the time interval and spatial distribution of the extrusive phase, coinciding with the transition from the first to the second Tuscolano-Artemisio phases. It is also suggested that the pyroclastic products of the Latium region (Rome) with their embedded wood remains, represent an important “archive” of arboreal expansion, allowing better definition of the climatic conditions characterizing interglacial stages 13-15 of the Oxygen Isotope Curve.
A Case of Endobronchial Tuberculosis Mimicking Lung Cancer Developing on the Background of Anthracosis

Anthracite pigment accumulation in the bronchial mucosa can lead to bronchial hypertrophy and narrowing in the future. A patient pre-diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia underwent fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) and was subsequently treated with antibiotics, however no clinical or radiological response could be obtained. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) revealed the mucosa of the lower basal segments of the right lung to be covered with black pigment, while the bronchi segments were found to be narrowed with mucosal infiltration. Based on these findings, a biopsy was performed with pre-diagnosis of malignancy developing on the basis of anthracosis. The pathological examination revealed granulomatous inflammation with caseified necrosis and acid-resistant bacilli in the bronchoalveolar lavage. The patient was diagnosed with tuberculosis on the basis of anthracosis and was thus started on quadruple anti-tuberculosis treatment, and clinical, microbiological and radiological improvement was observed in the 4th month of follow-up.
Streamflow Modelling: A Primer on Applications, Approaches and Challenges

This article examines the current practice of streamflow modelling, a field under development for over a century. A sample of the wide range of assessment and planning applications of streamflow models is presented. The diversity in the use of these models is mirrored in the diversity of model complexity, and modelling approaches ranging from empirical to physically based and from lumped to fully distributed are described with examples. Predictions derived from hydrological models are subject to many sources of error; these are discussed along with methods for error minimization or anticipation. Model error is generally quantified using an ensemble of forecasts meant to sample the range of predictive uncertainty. This ensemble can be used to generate reliable probabilistic forecasts of hydrological quantities if all sources of error are accounted for. To date, applications of ensemble methods in streamflow forecasting have typically focused on only one or two error sources. A challenge will be to develop ensemble streamflow forecasts that sample a wider range of predictive uncertainty. [Traduit par la rédaction] Le présent article examine la pratique actuelle en modélisation d’écoulement fluvial, un domaine qui évolue depuis plus d'un siècle. Nous présentons un échantillon de la vaste gamme d'applications d’évaluation et de planification des modèles d’écoulement fluvial. La diversité dans l'utilisation de ces modèles est le reflet de la diversité dans la complexité des modèles, et nous décrivons à l'aide d'exemples les approches de modélisation qui peuvent être empiriques ou basées sur la physique ou encore localisées ou entièrement réparties. Plusieurs sources d'erreur peuvent affecter les prévisions issues des modèles hydrologiques; nous discutons de ces sources d'erreur de même que des méthodes de réduction ou d'anticipation des erreurs. L'erreur du modèle est généralement quantifiée à l'aide d'un ensemble de prévisions servant à échantillonner la grandeur de l'incertitude prévisionnelle. Cet ensemble peut servir à produire des prévisions probabilistes fiables des grandeurs hydrologiques si toutes les sources d'erreur sont prises en compte. Jusqu’à maintenant, les applications des méthodes d'ensemble à la prévision des écoulements fluviaux n'ont généralement tenu compte que d'une ou deux sources d'erreur. Ce sera un défi de mettre au point des prévisions d'ensemble d’écoulement fluvial qui échantillonnent un plus large éventail d'incertitude prévisionnelle.
Mercury fluxes from volcanic and geothermal sources: an update

Abstract We review the state of knowledge on global volcanogenic Hg emissions to the atmosphere and present new data from seven active volcanoes (Poás, Rincón de la Vieja, Turrialba, Aso, Mutnovsky, Gorely and Etna) and two geothermal fields (Las Pailas and Las Hornillas). The variability of Hg contents (c. 4–125 ng m−3) measured in gaseous emissions reflects the dynamic nature of volcanic plumes, where the abundances of volatiles are determined by the physical nature of degassing and variable air dilution. Based on our dataset and previous work, we propose that an average Hg/SO2 plume mass ratio of c. 7.8×10−6 (±1.5×10−6; 1 SE, n=13) is best representative of open-conduit quiescent degassing. Taking into account the uncertainty in global SO2 emissions, we infer a global volcanic Hg flux from persistent degassing of c. 76±30 t a−1. Our data are derived from active volcanoes during non-eruptive periods and we do not have any direct constraint on the Hg flux during periods of elevated SO2 flux associated with large-scale effusive or explosive eruptions. This suggests that the time-averaged Hg flux from these volcanoes is even larger if the eruptive contribution is considered. Conversely, closed-conduit degassing and geothermal emissions contribute modest amounts of Hg.
Propagation and shelf-life of weed pathogenic fungi in alternative media and their effectiveness in billygoat (Ageratum conyzoides L)

Control of billygoat (Ageratum conyzoides L) currently uses herbicides, on the other hand, control using pathogenic fungi is environmentally friendly, but for mass propagation and storage, alternative media are needed. The aim of the study was to determine the best type of alternative media for fungal growth and shelf life, as well as its effectiveness against billygoat. The treatment tested involves a combination of two factors: the type of pathogenic fungi (Curvularia lunata or Fusarium oxysporum) and the type of medium (rice washing water or tofu liquid waste). A completely randomized design was used for the in vitro test, while in planta test used a randomized block design with each experimental unit repeated five times. The observed variables were conidia density, number of colonies, incubation period, disease symptoms, disease intensity, and area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), as well as weed height, number of leaves, fresh and dry shoot, and root weights. The results showed that the conidia density of F. oxysporum was 57% better in rice washing water than in tofu wastewater. The best shelf life for the fungus was four weeks. The use of rice washing water for F. oxysporum and C. lunata effectively delayed the incubation period by 77 and 71% respectively, suppressed disease intensity by 90 and 88%, and AUDPC by 94 and 93% compared to the control. The F. oxysporum grown on rice washing water media was able to reduce the number of leaves, fresh and dry weight of billygoat by 25, 30, and 20% compared to the control, respectively.
Framework for Machine Instruction Usage Analysis

When migrating software to new hardware architectures, including the development of optimizing compilers for new platforms, there is a need for statistical analysis of data on the use of different machine instructions or their groups in the machine code of programs. This paper describes a new framework useful for statistical research on machine opcodes that is designed to be extensible and a dataset that can be used by other researchers. We automatically collect data on different GNU/Linux distributions and architectures and provide facilities for its statistical analysis and visualization. Related technical issues are discussed, and solutions to some of them are proposed.
Gender, Teamwork and Violence against Women in the Workplace: A Glimpse into the Nigerian Situation

In Nigeria today, most organizations are turning to teams to manage their operations and have competitive edge over others in order to achieve their goals and objectives. However, as much as teamwork is appreciated in the workplace today, it is not without its gender-bias proneness. In this study, tile authors have shown, through content analysis of gender literature reviewed that, teamwork in the workplace is not gender-neutral, and that violence against women in the workplace in the forms of pay gap, discrimination and sexual harassment influence team decisions, operations, tasks and commitment in the organization. Although, the gendered workplace may not be altered anytime soon because of the institutionalization of gender in Nigeria organizations, yet this paper has highlighted ways by which teamwork can be effective and violence against women can be averted. Therefore, promoting, achieving and sustaining gender equality is key to removing violence against women and promoting teamwork in the workplace in Nigeria and the world at large.
Gut Microbiota to Microglia: Microbiome Influences Neurodevelopment in the CNS

The brain is traditionally viewed as an immunologically privileged site; however, there are known to be multiple resident immune cells that influence the CNS environment and are reactive to extra-CNS signaling. Microglia are an important component of this system, which influences early neurodevelopment in addition to modulating inflammation and regenerative responses to injury and infection. Microglia are influenced by gut microbiome-derived metabolites, both as part of their normal function and potentially in pathological patterns that may induce neurodevelopmental disabilities or behavioral changes. This review aims to summarize the mounting evidence indicating that, not only is the Gut–Brain axis mediated by metabolites and microglia throughout an organism’s lifetime, but it is also influenced prenatally by maternal microbiome and diet, which holds implications for both early neuropathology and neurodevelopment.
Online Profiling and Adaptation of Quality Sensitivity for Internet Video

A key to video streaming systems is knowing how sensitive quality of experience (QoE) is to quality metrics (e.g., buffering ratio and average bitrate). In the conventional wisdom, such quality sensitivity should be profiled by offline user studies because QoE is equally sensitive to quality metrics everywhere for an entire genre of videos. However, recent studies show that quality sensitivity varies substantially both across videos and within a video, giving rise to a new potential for improving QoE and serving more users without using more bandwidth. Unfortunately, offline profiling cannot capture the variability of quality sensitivity within a new video (e.g., a new TV show episode or live sports event), if users join to watch it within a short time window. This short paper makes a case for a new architecture that online profiles the quality sensitivity of a video by gathering and analyzing QoE-related feedback (e.g., exit or skip) from actual users, while the video is being streamed to users. The key component is a QoE-driven feedback loop, called SensitiFlow, run by video content providers to make adaptive-bitrate (ABR) decisions for concurrent and future video sessions. We evaluated QoE in user engagement (view time) using real traces of 7.6 million video sessions from a content provider. Our preliminary results show that SensitiFlow can realize up-to 80% of the improvement obtained by a hypothetical "oracle" system that knows quality sensitivity in advance. Admittedly, our evaluation is not a real deployment by a large-scale commercial content provider, but we hope our preliminary results will inspire follow-up efforts to test similar ideas at scale.
Real-Time Road Intersection Detection in Sparse Point Cloud Based on Augmented Viewpoints Beam Model

Road intersection is a kind of important navigation landmark, while existing detection methods exhibit clear limitations in terms of their robustness and efficiency. A real-time algorithm for road intersection detection and location in large-scale sparse point clouds is proposed in this paper. Different from traditional approaches, our method establishes the augmented viewpoints beam model to perceive the road bifurcation structure. Explicitly, the spatial features from point clouds are jointly extracted in various viewpoints in front of the robot. In addition, the evaluation metrics are designed to self-assess the quality of detection results, enabling our method to optimize the detection process in real time. Considering the scarcity of datasets for intersection detection, we also collect and annotate a VLP-16 point cloud dataset specifically for intersections, called NCP-Intersection. Quantitative and qualitative experiments demonstrate that the proposed method performs favorably against the other parallel methods. Specifically, our method performs an average precision exceeding 90% and an average processing time of approximately 88 ms/frame.
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infections among Children Living with and without Open Defecation Practices in Northwest Ethiopia: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study.

Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections cause devastating effect in human health. School-age children (SAC) account for the highest prevalence of STH infections in sub-Sahara. Open defecation practicing might be the major contributing factor, and creating an open defecation-free (ODF) declared community is also a big challenge. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of STH infections and associated factors among SAC in ODF declared and open defecation-practicing kebeles. A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among 806 SAC from January 2019 to April 2019. Questionnaire-based data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Stool samples were collected and processed via the Kato-Katz technique. Prevalence and associated factors were computed with descriptive statistics and regression, respectively. Variables with a P-value < 0.05 were considered as significantly associated. This study revealed that the prevalence of STH infections in open defecation-practicing and ODF declared kebeles were 38.9% and 30.0%, respectively. Wearing open shoes, wearing shoes sometimes, and playing with soil were significantly associated (P < 0.01) with STH infections in ODF declared kebeles. Similarly, wearing shoes sometimes, not using latrine, and playing with soil were also significantly associated (P < 0.01) with STH infections in open defection-practicing kebeles. In conclusion, lower prevalence of STH infections was recorded in ODF declared than in open defection-practicing kebeles. Wearing shoes sometimes, playing with soil, and not using latrine were associated with STH infections. Therefore, creating an ODF environment and community awareness should be strengthened.
THE QUALITY OF SERVICES PROMOTED BY THE ACCOUNTANCY PROFESSION IN THE AGE OF DIGITALISATION AND ORGANISATIONAL PERFORMANCE

Advances in technology over the past decade have made information technology part of the everyday work of accounting professionals. The aim of the research is to carry out a study highlighting the changes taking place in the accountancy profession due to digitisation. This aim can be achieved by meeting the following proposed objectives: O1: to conduct a literature review to identify research trends on digitisation in the accounting profession; O2: to highlight the positive and negative aspects of the digitisation of the accounting profession; O3: to determine the link between services promoted by the accounting profession and organisational performance. In a digitization-driven economy, the diversification and increased quality of services offered by accounting professionals is noticeable. They are no longer data holders, they provide value-added commentary and solutions to change for the better the financial situation and performance of firms, provide business advisory services, offer recommendations and solutions before things happen, and contribute to setting business strategy.
Optimization of the use and management of social networks in the process of business start-ups

This research aimed to establish the relationship between social networks and entrepreneurship, in order to design a methodological guide to optimize the use and management of social networks among entrepreneurs operating in the Esmeraldas canton of Ecuador. The methodology was descriptive-correlational, non-experimental. The population was 120 business entrepreneurs. The data were collected in an interview with Likert scale questionnaire. Results: indicator interpersonal networks, 45% neither agree nor disagree in the use of the networks of greater social use; interorganizational networks, 50% agree in relating to the social networks of other related businesses; formal networks, 50% agree in making use of the different social networks of related entrepreneurs; informal networks, 43% neither agree nor disagree, in have personal and permanent interactions with the users of social networks for economic benefit; formation of the entrepreneur, 47% neither agree nor disagree with personal self-realization; promotion of the value of entrepreneurship and innovation, 50% agree that social networks allow them to disseminate the services; development of a support ecosystem; 49% agree that they support each other in the dissemination of their services with other entrepreneurs; the social networks variable, 37% agree that social networks are necessary to achieve effective entrepreneurship; the entrepreneurship variable, 38% agree with the elements of entrepreneurship development. There is dependence between the variables, thus, the entrepreneurship variable is being affected by the Social Networks variable. Conclusion: it is necessary to design a methodological guide for the use and management of social networks in entrepreneurs of commercial businesses operating.
Changes of pan evaporation in China in 1960-2000

Based on the observational data of 664 meteorological stations in China from 1960 to 2000 and combined with the geographic information system(GIS) of ArcGIS,the spatial and temporal distributions and their trends for pan evaporation in China are investigated in this study.The results indicate that,from 1960 to 2000,the rate of pan evaporation steadily decrease in China.Compared with the period of 1960s to 1970s,the rate of annual pan evaporation during 1980s to 1990s decreases by 99.8 mm or 5.8%. The seasonal analyses show that the decrease of pan evaporation occurs mainly in spring,summer and winter.The spatial distribution of the change rate shows that the decrease of pan evaporation mainly occurs in East and Central South of China.Further analysis shows that the decrease of pan evaporation is closely related to the reduction of the solar irradiance resulting from the sun-shine percentage decrease.
Effects of using arabic web pages in building rank estimation algorithm for google search engine results page

Search Engine Optimization (SEO) aims to improve a website's reputation and user experience. Without effective SEO strategies, it requires significant investment in paid advertisements. Search Engines (SEs) use algorithms to rank results, assessing on-page and off-page factors for relevance. Machine learning techniques have been used to build classifiers for estimating page rank. However, no research has compared rank estimation with other languages or analyzed the effects of different languages on performance or differences between SEO factors. The study aims to improve rank estimation algorithms for Arabic web pages on desktop devices using a new multi-category dataset from Google Search Engine Results Page (SERP). The experimental findings suggest that Arabic web pages are more suitable than English ones for training a model to estimate the ranking of Arabic web pages. Machine learning models were applied to two datasets. SE scraping was used to collect URLs, descriptions, and other data from the Google SE. Data preprocessing steps were taken before using the datasets for rank estimation algorithms. Experiments were conducted to assess the implications of using Arabic and English web page datasets
Global distribution of atmospheric phosphorus sources, concentrations and deposition rates, and anthropogenic impacts

A worldwide compilation of atmospheric total phosphorus (TP) and phosphate (PO4) concentration and deposition flux observations are combined with transport model simulations to derive the global distribution of concentrations and deposition fluxes of TP and PO4. Our results suggest that mineral aerosols are the dominant source of TP on a global scale (82%), with primary biogenic particles (12%) and combustion sources (5%) important in nondusty regions. Globally averaged anthropogenic inputs are estimated to be ∼5 and 15% for TP and PO4, respectively, and may contribute as much as 50% to the deposition over the oligotrophic ocean where productivity may be phosphorus‐limited. There is a net loss of TP from many (but not all) land ecosystems and a net gain of TP by the oceans (560 Gg P a−1). More measurements of atmospheric TP and PO4 will assist in reducing uncertainties in our understanding of the role that atmospheric phosphorus may play in global biogeochemistry.