Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Processing of Mozzarella cheese wheys and stretchwaters: A preliminary review

Mozzarella cheese is one of the cheeses that has achieved the most significant growth in production in the past century. This has resulted in the concomitant production of large amounts of whey and (in the case of Mozzarella cheese) stretchwater. For decades, these products were often dumped as waste products or used as animal feed. However, it is no longer possible to do so. First, these by-products have a high oxygen demand, and thus a great environmental impact. Second, the high nutritional value of their constituents (whey protein, lactose, etc.) makes it necessary to make use of these products and, as food ingredients, this begins with concentration and spray drying of the bulk material. These stages are known to be especially difficult in the case of Mozzarella cheese wheys and stretchwaters, and there is thus a need to study and explain the role of the minor compounds that were found in Mozzarella cheese wheys, including water-binding properties and low glass transition temperature. Solving these problems requires a good understanding of the origins of these by-products (i.e. Mozzarella cheese making) and of water dynamics. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the current knowledge on the composition of Mozzarella cheese wheys and stretchwaters, their origin in cheese making and the possible implications of their composition on the different water elimination stages.AbstractMozzarella Mozzarella Mozzarella MozzarellaRésuméLa Mozzarella est l’un des fromages dont la production a connu la plus forte progression ces cinquante dernières années. Une telle évolution s’accompagne inévitablement d’une production croissante de coproduits, le lactosérum et l’eau de filage. Pendant des décennies, ces coproduits n’étaient pas valorisés, ce qui n’est plus envisageable aujourd’hui. D’une part, pour des raisons environnementales, étant donné que ces produits ont une très forte demande en oxygène, et donc un fort pouvoir polluant. D’autre part, pour des raisons économiques, étant donné la valeur nutritionnelle de leurs constituants (protéines sériques, lactose…), il est intéressant de les valoriser en tant qu’ingrédients alimentaires après concentration et séchage par atomisation. Dans le cas des coproduits issus de la fabrication de Mozzarella, cette étape est problématique, du fait de la présence de composés hygroscopiques, et aboutit souvent à d’importants problèmes de faibles niveaux de concentration, de mauvaise cristallisation du lactose et enfin de collage en tour et mottage des poudres obtenues. La résolution de ces problèmes nécessite une bonne connaissance de l’origine de ces coproduits, c’est-à-dire du procédé de fabrication de la Mozzarella, et de la dynamique de l’eau au cours des opérations de concentration et de séchage. Cette revue a pour but de synthétiser les connaissances sur la composition des lactosérums de Mozzarella, leur origine, c’est-à-dire le procédé fromager, et l’influence possible de leur composition sur les différentes étapes d’élimination d’eau.
Crosscurrents in second language acquisition and linguistic theories

1. Preface 2. I. Overview 3. Second language acquisition: litmus test for linguistic theory? (by Huebner, Thom) 4. Recent trends in syntactic theory (by Sells, Peter) 5. Typology/universals and second language acquisition (by Greenberg, Joseph H.) 6. II. From Theories to Hypothesis Testing 7. Prosodic phonology: second language acquisition data as evidence in theoretical phonology (by Vogel, Irene) 8. Natural morphology: the organization of paradigms and language acquisition (by Bybee, Joan L.) 9. Typological text analysis: tense and aspects in creoles and second languages (by Myhill, John) 10. Relational grammar: L2 learning and the components of L1 knowledge (by Rosen, Carol) 11. Government-binding: parameter-setting in second language acquisition and implications for theoretical linguistics (by Klein, Wolfgang) 12. Functionalist linguistics: discourse structure and language processing in second language acquisition (by Cooreman, Ann) 13. Variation theory: implicational scaling and critical age limits in models of linguistic variation, acquisition and change (by Rickford, John R.) 14. III. From Data to Model Building 15. Perception and production: the relevance of phonetic input to L2 phonological learning (by Flege, James Emil) 16. The teaching of intonation: classroom experiences to theoretical models (by Cessaris, Ann C.) 17. Developmental sequences: the emergence of aspect marking in second language acquisition (by Andersen, Roger W.) 18. Cross-generational bilingualism: theoretical implications of language attrition (by Silva-Corvalan, Carmen) 19. Modality and second language learning: a challenge for linguistic theory (by Dittmar, Norbert) 20. Narrative and description: temporal reference in second language acquisition (by Stutterheim, Christiane von) 21. Cross-linguistic comparisons: organizational principles in learner languages (by Perdue, Clive) 22. IV. Conclusions 23. Currents between second language acquisition and linguistic theory (by Ferguson, Charles A.)
ENERGETIC SIGNIFICANCE OF CHANGES IN SWIMMING MODES DURING GROWTH OF LARVAL ANCHOVY, ENGRAULIS MORDAX

The swimming behavior of larval northern anchovy, Engraulis mordax, in the first few days after hatching is different from the intermittent beat-and-glide mode used by older larvae and later stage fish. It is shown mathematically that the bursts of continuous swimming typical of these yolk-sac larvae is the more efficient form oflocomotion at this stage, because of their small size. This advantage changes as the larva grows out ofthe size range in which water viscosity is the dominant factor (small Reynolds number). When the larva reaches a length of5 mm, typical Reynolds numbers are such that intermittent swimming gradually becomes the more economical mode, and this mode is dominant when the larvae reach 15 mm. These analytical results compare well with observed behavioral changes. (1) Swimmingbehavior ofthe northern anchovy, En­ graulis mordax, changes dramatically during growth in the larval stage (Hunter 1972). At hatching, the motion ofyolk-sac larvae consists of bouts of continuous, very energetic swimming. This behavior persists for the first 3-4 days of growth, changing to beat-and-glide swimming at the close ofthe yolk-sac period. Thebeat~and-glide mode is then retained during the rest of the fish's life. Intermittent swimming, or beat and glide, is an efficient mode of locomotion for adult fish, enabl­ ing increases by a factor of two or more in the range achieved for a given energy expenditure (Weihs 1974). The problem addressed in the pres­ ent paper is whether the changes in swimming behavior mentioned above also have an energy­ saving function. The energetic advantage of in­ termittent swimming may not exist during the early life stages offishes because ofthe importance of viscous effects on small organisms. This study includes setting up a theoretical framework for the analysis ofenergetics ofswimmingduring the various stages of the fish's life history. The forces and energy required for swimmingin the continu­ ous and intermittent modes are then calculated and compared at different stages of larval de­ velopment. These stages are hydrodynamically distinguished by the nondimensional Reynolds number, Re, which is a function ofboth length and
Fact versus Conjecture: Exploring Levels of Evidence in the Context of Patient Safety and Care Quality

Evidence-based medicine (EBM) can be defined as the integration of optimized clinical judgment, patient values, and available evidence. It is a philosophical approach to making the best possible clinical decisions for individual patients. Based on objective evaluation and categorization of methodological design and data quality, all existing literature can be organized according to a hierarchy of “ evidence quality ” that helps determine the applicability and value of scientific findings in terms of clinical implementation and the poten- tial to change existing patterns of practice. In terms of general categorization of scientific impact, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are placed on top of the hierarchy, followed by systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), quasi-randomized designs, observational studies including retrospective case series, and finally case reports and expert opinion. Each study design is susceptible to certain limitations and biases, highlighting the importance of both clinical and scientific acumen of the interpreting provider. Such approach is critical to determining the value and the applicability of study recommendations in everyday practice. Evidence-based practice (EBP) has become one of the fundamental components of modern medicine and plays an indispensible role in the development (and improvement) of patient care and safety worldwide. Furthermore, organizations that create guidelines and policies for the management of specific conditions, often base the content and strength of their recommendations on the quality of evidence available to expert decision-makers. Therefore, understanding the “ state of the science ” upon which those recommendations are based will help guide the medical practitioner on “ if,
EVALUATION OF CERVICAL CROWN/ROOT FRACTURE FOLLOWING PRF REVASCULARIZATION VERSUS ROOT CANAL TREATMENT OF NON-VITAL ANTERIOR PERMANENT TEETH WITH CLOSED APEX (RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL).

Mohamed Nageh 1 , Khaled Ezzat 2 and Geraldine. Ahmed 3 . 1. Assistant Lecturer, Endodontic Department, Fayoum University. 2. Professor, Endodontic Department, Cairo University. 3. Associate Professor, Endodontic Department, Cairo University. Manuscript Info Abstract . Manuscript History
Significance of Studying Product Diversification, Geographic Diversification, and Their Interaction Impacts for Malaysian Companies: A Literature Review

The objective of this study was to comprehensively and critically review research literature on impacts of product diversification strategy and geographic diversification strategy, conducted particularly in Asian context, and set forth guidelines for future studies. The study concludes that past research into impacts of product diversification and geographic diversification produced indecisive results. There has also been absence of any consensus on the interaction impacts of the two strategies on corporate performance. Although past research studied the topic using variety of methodologies but there has been limited research on the topic for Asian economies compared to Western ones. This is especially true about Malaysian public listed companies (PLCs) for which, particularly, studies regarding interaction impacts of the two strategies are extremely limited. For Malaysia, the challenging business scenario in future coupled with quite significant number of diversified companies warrant research into these areas. Future research could take up the objective of analysing and understanding individual and interaction impacts of product diversification and geographic diversification on corporate performance of Malaysian companies and contribute significantly to this research field. It could adopt new and advanced methodologies for measuring diversification strategies as well as employ several measures of corporate performance to produce comprehensive and robust results. Findings of such research would certainly be useful for practicing managers, particularly Malaysian strategists, and guide them in their decisions concerning diversification strategies and help them better manage their companies’ performance.
Robust distributed cooperation in the presence of quantified adversity

The ability to cooperatively perform a collection of tasks in a distributed setting is key to solving a broad range of computation problems ranging from distributed search to distributed simulation and multi-agent collaboration. of using p processors to cooperatively perform n independent and idempotent tasks in the presence of adversity. The Do-All problem can be used to identifying the trade-offs between efficiency and fault-tolerance in distributed cooperative computing. Solutions for Do-All may yield insight leading to efficient and fault-tolerant algorithms for distributed co-operation. Although significant research was dedicated to studying Do-All, prior work offers only a partial understanding of this problem. In particular, while prior work shows how to achieve fault-tolerance in the presence of adversity, it does not adequately teach how the adverse environment affects the efficiency of Do-All solutions. This thesis substantially increases this understanding. One of the contributions includes failure sensitive upper and lower bounds for Do-All in certain models of computation, that show how failures affect the efficiency of Do-All solutions. The upper/lower bounds are given as functions of n, p and f, the number of failures caused by the adverse environment. Another contribution of the thesis is the definition and analysis of the iterative Do-All problem, that models the repetitive use of Do-All algorithms, such as found in typical algorithm simulations. This thesis also studies the distributed cooperation problem in partitionable networks, where partitions may interfere with the progress of the computation. Group communication services are used to develop robust algorithms for this settings. Moreover, it is shown that it is possible to obtain optimally-competitive scheduling algorithms in partitionable networks by proving upper and lower bound results. These results demonstrate precisely how partitions affect the efficiency of computation. Overall, the thesis is substantially contributing to the study of the trade-offs between efficiency and fault-tolerance in cooperative computing and is advancing the state-of-the-art in principles of robust distributed computing.
Topics in cognitive linguistics

1. Preface 2. I. Toward a coherent and comprehensive linguistic theory 3. An overview of cognitive grammar (by Langacker, Ronald W.) 4. A view of linguistic semantics (by Langacker, Ronald W.) 5. The nature of grammatical valence (by Langacker, Ronald W.) 6. A usage-based model (by Langacker, Ronald W.) 7. II. Aspects of a multifaceted research program 8. The relation of grammar to cognition (by Talmy, Leonard) 9. Where does prototypicality come from? (by Geeraerts, Dirk) 10. The natural category MEDIUM: An alternative to selection restrictions and similar constructs (by Hawkins, Bruce) 11. Spatial expressions and the plasticity of meaning (by Herskovits, Annette) 12. Contrasting prepositional categories: English and Italian (by Taylor, John R.) 13. The mapping of elements of cognitive space onto grammatical relations: An example from Russian verbal prefixation (by Janda, Laura A.) 14. Conventionalization of cora locationals (by Casad, Eugene H.) 15. The conceptualisation of vertical space in English: The case of tall (by Dirven, Rene) 16. Length, width, and potential passing (by Vandeloise, Claude) 17. On bounding in Lk (by Serzisko, Fritz) 18. A discourse perspective on tense and aspect in standard modern Greek and English (by Paprotte, Wolf) 19. Semantic extensions into the domain of verbal communication (by Rudzka-Ostyn, Brygida) 20. Spatial metaphor in German causative constructions (by King, Robert Thomas) 21. Nahuatl causative/applicatives in cognitive grammar (by Tuggy, David) 22. III. A historical perspective 23. Grammatical categories and human conceptualization: Aristotle and the modistae (by Swiggers, Pierre) 24. Cognitive grammar and the history of lexical semantics (by Geeraerts, Dirk) 25. References 26. Subject index
A grounded theory study: From barn to boardroom

Change management is at the forefront of many business leader’s minds and at the center of most boardrooms. Change is inevitable yet change for many is a very hard task. The Wall Street Journal reported in 2017 that the U.S. spent $63.2 billion on consulting costs, which is an 8.1% increase from $58.7 billion in 2016 (Shumsky, 2018). Many companies pay for high-level consultants to aid around organizational change. Many business leaders do not have an expertise in that area and find it difficult to administer change within an organization. The flip side to that scenario is that once the change proposal is in place, many employees fail to comply. The purpose of this study is to uncover the underlying beliefs that could affect why people resist change. The last thing a company wishes to do is waste valuable funds on change and have very few abided. It may be possible that the resistance is related to the long-standing belief systems that are already in place. A grounded theory study was conducted on the equine industry to uncover the reasons why some people are adopting or resisting in an industry that has not seen change in hundreds of years. The equine industry is a unique study model that has virtually stood the test of time, unchanged for centuries, and still strong. The industry saw a shift in core beliefs roughly thirty years ago and this new belief system is converting adopters in ways that is creating a new lifestyle. By uncovering the elements of those who resist or adopt, this research will shed some light on the core human reaction to change. These core beliefs can be applied to any business model through a new grounded theory proposed in this research.
The Menopausal Age in Women with Cancer of the Breast

The following report is presented as an addition to our gradually increasing knowledge of the evident relationship between ovarian activity and carcinoma of the breast. The conception of such an association is by no means recent and can, indeed, be divided into three periods. First, were those observations made about forty years ago by Beatson (1), Schinzinger (2), Lett (3), and others, who noted the apparent effect of oophorectomy on the clinical course of mammary cancer. This work was largely applied to inoperable cases or postoperative recurrences and, when such a surgical procedure was advocated as a part of the treatment in an operable case, it was often considered so radical that it was not accepted as a standard procedure. The idea was based upon the clinical observation that cancer of the breast ran a slower or comparatively less malignant course in women who had passed through the menopause. About the time that these results were published, the radical surgical removal of cancer of the breast, as advocated by Willy Meyer and Halsted, was becoming popular, and, as the percentage of postoperative survivals increased the secondary measure of oophorectomy seemed to be forgotten. There was some renewed interest in this connection when sterilization by means of x-ray was advised, and it was at about this time that we entered the second phase of our knowledge of this relationship. This was in 1916, when Loeb and Lathrop (4) produced the first definite experimental evidence of the influence of sex hormones on the development of cancer in mice. Theirs was more or less negative evidence: the failure of cancer of the breast to develop in females of a strain of mice of a high known cancer incidence, castrated while young or immature. They felt that there was an ovarian hormone that regulated the tissue changes leading to the development of the tumors and that there was a quantitative relation between this hormone and the tissue response. This work was subsequently corroborated by Cori (5). Nevertheless, little, if any, clinical application was made of this fact and only occasionally was an artificial menopause advocated as an accessory to the surgical treatment of mammary cancer.
Sports supplements and Anabolic Androgenic Steroids

Recently, the use of sport supplements has become so common among most athletes. These supplements may contain undeclared substances that are banned by such international authorities as WHO, IOC and WADA. The present study, thus, is aimed at examining the final sport supplement products in terms of banned substances and measuring the adulteration level in order to prove the safety of these products and promote public health. The Food and Drug Administration of the Ministry of Health and Medical Services of Iran confirms the safety of these products, monitors their production and import, and also marketing them at authorized places like the pharmacy. According to the existing regulations in Iran and other countries, the safety of sport supplements and the level of their androgenic-anabolic steroids are monitored and measured by such methods as GC/MS, LC/MS/MS. Beside the well-known side effects of anabolic steroids, new problems have emerged from using sport supplements distributed in the black market which may contain banned substances not declared on the label. These effects will cause harmful and dangerous changes in levels steroids and heart’s structure. Conditions pertaining to hormonal imbalances may also be caused by anabolic steroids. Due to the increasing use of sport supplements in order to achieve an effective training, the presence of adulterated, illegal and unsafe products continue to be a concern for many consumers and professional athletes alike. Since using sport supplements have become perilous, a credibility gap seems to exist between the athletes and medical communities who, it is believed can be overcome by efficient supervision and monitoring of the products.
Forgetting in context

We have a striking ability to alter our psychological access to past experiences. Consider the following case. Andrew “Nicky” Barr, OBE, MC, DFC (1915–2006), was one of Australia’s most decorated World War II fighter pilots. He was the top ace of the Western Desert’s 3 Squadron, the pre-eminent fighter squadron in the Middle East, flying P-40 Kittyhawks over Africa. From October 1941, when Nicky Barr’s war began, he flew 22 missions and shot down 8 enemy planes in his first 35 operational hours. He was shot down 3 times, once 25 miles behind enemy lines while trying to rescue a downed pilot. He escaped from prisoner-of-war camps four times, once jumping out of a train as it travelled from Italy into Austria. His wife Dot, whom he married only weeks before the war, waited for him at home. She was told on at least three occasions that he was missing in action or dead. For 50 years, Nicky Barr never spoke publicly, and rarely privately, of his war-time experiences. He was very much a forgotten and forgetting hero (for further details, see Dornan, 2002). In his first public interview in 2002 on the Australian television documentary programme Australian Story, Nicky explained his 50-year silence by saying:
DO THE DESFERAL THALASSEMIC PATIENTS HAVE ZINC DEFICIENCY RECEIVER

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