Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Inclusive Education the way for future for Fiji schools: A comparative case study of Inclusive Education in the Czech Republic Schools in Brno and Fiji Primary Schools

The history of (IE) teaching within primary schools in Fiji began recently. There has been no comprehensive study of culture, policies, principles, diagnostic assessment, and education linked to teaching practices in Fiji schools. This study embarked on to examine the Inclusive teachers’ perception on inclusive education strategies, for example, culture, principles, policies, practices, diagnostic assessments, resources and the latest developments of inclusive teaching in the inclusive schools in Fiji and the Czech Republic, Brno inclusive schools. The research explored how well the teachers are equipped with knowledge and skills to undertake the teaching and learning process of inclusive education. A comparative case study research design was employed, using mixed methods with a concentration on qualitative data. The mixed methods approach is useful for capturing the strengths of both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The approach helps to overcome some of the obstacles that impede the data of a unified body of knowledge, particularly in a complex study of Inclusive Education. The methods employed in this thesis include surveys, semi- structured interviews, observations and documentary analysis. Data were collected from teachers teaching in inclusive schools in both the countries and was analyzed using SPSS. The qualitative data was also analyzed manually using a data analysis matrix. The research took place in two phases: firstly, the interview and secondly, the survey questionnaire was distributed to the schools under study. The findings revealed that although inclusive education had become the norm around, there are still many gaps in both the countries. However, Czech Republic is ahead than Fiji regarding inclusive culture, inclusive practice, existing services, and developments. Regarding policy at school, level there is no inclusive policy education. Teachers were also not involved when the Ministry of Education designed the policy in both countries.Teachers from both the countries are incompetent in diagnostic assessment. The findings of this study have implications for teacher training Institutions and provide them with inclusive approaches to cope with the diverse needs of students in the inclusive classroom. The results have the perspective to make an important effect on inclusive education, in both the countries’ inclusive schools. It is anticipated that the outcomes of this scholarship will be given the top most priority in both the countries by policymakers, educators, teachers and decision makers in the Education system of both the countries.
Paleomagnetism: Magnetic Domains to Geologic Terranes

Introduction to geomagnetism Ferromagnetic minerals Origins of natural remanent magnetism Sampling, measurement, and display of NRM Paleomagnetic stability Statistics of paleomagnetic data Paleomagnetic poles Special topics in rock magnetism Geochronologic applications Applications to paleogeography Applications to regional tectonics Appendix: Derivations
Statistical properties of chaotic dynamical systems: Extreme value theory and Borel-Cantelli lemmas

In this thesis, we establish extreme value (EV) theory and dynamical BorelCantelli lemmas for a class of deterministic chaotic dynamical systems. We establish the distributional convergence (to the three classical extreme value distributions) of the scaled sequence of partial maxima of some time series arising from an observable on systems such as the planar dispersing billiards, Lozi-like maps, and compact group skew-extensions of non-uniformly hyperbolic base maps with Holder cocyles. We also establish Borel-Cantelli lemmas for a large class of one-dimensional non-uniformly expanding maps, and for these, we also obtain an almost sure characterization of the exceedences of the sequence of partial maxima.
Influence of increased isoprene emissions on regional ozone modeling

The role of biogenic hydrocarbons on ozone modeling has been a controversial is- sue since the 1970s. In recent years, changes in biogenic emission algorithms have resulted in large increases in estimated isoprene emissions. This paper describes a recent algorithm, the second generation of the Biogenic Emissions Inventory System (BEIS2). A sensitivity analysis is performed with the Regional Acid Deposition Model (RADM) to examine how increased isoprene emissions generated with BEIS2 can influence the modeling of elevated ozone concentrations and the response of ozone to changes to volatile organic compound (VOC) and nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions across much of eastern North America. In- creased isoprene emissions are found to produce a predicted shift in elevated ozone concen- trations from VOC sensitivity to NOx sensitivity over many areas of eastern North America. Isoprene concentrations measured near Scotia, Pennsylvania, during the summer of 1988 are compared with RADM estimates of isoprene and provide support for the veracity of the higher isoprene emissions in BEIS2, which are about a factor of 5 higher than BEIS 1 during warm, sunny conditions.
Deployment options for femtocells and their impact on existing macrocellular networks

Femtocells can enable in-home cell phone coverage and provide access to high speed wireless broadband services where the usual macrocell system can only provide degraded service indoors or provide no coverage at all. In this paper, different frequency deployment and access strategies for femtocells are explored, and their impact on the performance of both the femtocells and existing macrocellular networks is investigated. Options such as shared, partially shared, and separate carrier deployments with private and public access are discussed. For shared carrier operation, the impact on the coverage, blocking probabilities, and capacity is investigated based on scenario data from real deployments using the Alcatel-Lucent Ocelot® coverage engine, which includes sophisticated models for various wireless technologies including the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) and high speed downlink packet access (HSDPA). It is shown that co-channel operation of femto- and macrocells is feasible without causing coverage problems due to the increased interference when public access is allowed. For private access, co-channel operation results in dead zones and reduced coverage probability for proximate mobile terminals with no access to those femtocells. This problem can be resolved by using partially shared carriers with a “clean” macrocell carrier for affected mobile devices, or a separate carrier deployment.
A Cross-National Analysis of the Causes and Consequences of Economic News

Objective. Work on economic news argues that U.S. coverage focuses primarily on changes rather than levels of future economic conditions; it also both affects and reflects public economic sentiment. Given that economic perceptions are related to policy preferences and government support, this is of consequence for politics. This article explores the generalizability of these findings. Methods. Using nearly 100,000 stories over 30 years in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Canada, we compare media tone, public opinion, and economic conditions. Result. Analyses demonstrate that media tone and public opinion follow future economic change in all three countries. Media and opinion are also related, but the effect mostly runs from the public to the media, not the other way around. Conclusion. These results confirm the generalizability of prior findings, and the importance of considering more than a simple unidirectional link between media coverage and public economic sentiment.
Some Theoretical Aspects of Quantum Mechanical Equations in Rindler Space

In this article we have investigated some of the theoretical aspects of the solutions of quantum mechanical equations in Rindler space. We have developed the formalism for exact analytical solutions for Schr$\ddot{\rm{o}}$dinger equation and Klein-Gordon equation. Along with the approximate form of solutions for these two quantum mechanical equations. We have discussed the physical significance of our findings. The Hamiltonian operator in Rindler space is found to be non-Hermitian in nature. But the energy eigen values or the energy eigen spectra are observed to be real. We have noticed that the sole reason behind such real behavior is the PT symmetric form of the Hamiltonian operator.
Winner's Report: KDD CUP Breast Cancer Identification

We describe the ideas and methodologies that we developed in addressing the KDD Cup 2008 on early breast cancer detection, and discuss how they contributed to our success. 1. TASK AND DATA DESCRIPTION The Siemens KDD Cup 2008 comprised two prediction tasks in breast cancer detection from images. The organizers provided data from 1712 patients for training; of these 118 had cancer. Within the four breast images (two views for each breast per patient) are suspect locations (called candidates)), that are described by their coordinates and 117 features. No explanation of the features was given to the competition participants. Overall the training set includes 102,294 candidates, 623 of which are positive. A second dataset with similar properties was used as the test set for competition evaluation. The two modeling tasks were: Task 1: Rank the candidates by the likelihood of being cancerous in decreasing order. The evaluation criterion for this task was the FROC score, which measures how many of the actual patients with cancer are identified while limiting the number of candidate false alarms to between 0.2 and 0.3 per image. This was meant as a realistic representation when the prediction model is used as an actual decision support tool for radiologists. Task 2: Suggest a maximal list of test-set patients who are healthy. In this competition, including any patient with cancer in the list will disqualify the entry. This was meant to represent a scenario where the model is used to save the radiologist work by ruling out patients who are definitely healthy, and thus the model was required to have no false negatives. Several aspects of the data and the tasks made this competition interesting, including: • The presence of leakage, whereby patient IDs turned out to carry significant information about a patient’s likelihood to be malignant. The issue of leakage in
Metabolism of threonine in newborn infants.

Threonine kinetics, threonine oxidative pathway, and the relationship between threonine and whole body protein turnover were quantified in 10 healthy term infants during the first 48 h after birth. The kinetic data were obtained 6 h after the last feed (fasting) and in response to formula feeding, using [U-(13)C(4),(15)N]threonine, [(2)H(5)]phenylalanine, and [(15)N]glycine tracers. The rate of carbon dioxide production (Vco(2)) and (13)C enrichment of the expired CO(2) were measured to quantify the rate of oxidation of threonine. The rate of appearance (R(a)) of threonine (136 +/- 37 micromol.kg(-1). h(-1)) was higher in newborn infants than that reported in adults. Formula feeding resulted in a significant decrease in threonine R(a) (P < 0.05). A significant positive correlation was seen between phenylalanine R(a) and threonine R(a), both during fasting and after formula feeding (r(2) = 0.65). In contrast to a 1:1 ratio of threonine and phenylalanine in mixed muscle protein, threonine R(a) relative to phenylalanine R(a) was 2.2 +/- 0.4. The fractional rate of threonine flux oxidized was 20% during fasting and 26% (P < 0.05) in response to nutrient administration. There was a significant correlation between plasma threonine concentration and threonine oxidation (r(2) = 0.75). No measurable incorporation of threonine in plasma glycine was seen. These data suggest that threonine is exclusively degraded by the glycine-independent serine/threonine dehydratase pathway. A higher flux of threonine relative to phenylalanine indicates higher turnover of threonine enriched proteins.
The chlorine isotope composition of Martian meteorites 2. Implications for the early solar system and the formation of Mars

We determined the chlorine isotope composition of 16 Martian meteorites using gas source mass spectrometry on bulk samples and in situ secondary ion microprobe analysis on apatite grains. Measured δ37Cl values range from −3.8 to +8.6‰. The olivine‐phyric shergottites are the isotopically lightest samples, with δ37Cl mostly ranging from −4 to −2‰. Samples with evidence for a crustal component have positive δ37Cl values, with an extreme value of 8.6‰. Most of the basaltic shergottites have intermediate δ37Cl values of −1 to 0‰, except for Shergotty, which is similar to the olivine‐phyric shergottites. We interpret these data as due to mixing of a two‐component system. The first component is the mantle value of −4 to −3‰. This most likely represents the original bulk Martian Cl isotope value. The other endmember is a 37Cl‐enriched crustal component. We speculate that preferential loss of 35Cl to space has resulted in a high δ37Cl value for the Martian surface, similar to what is seen in other volatile systems. The basaltic shergottites are a mixture of the other two endmembers. The low δ37Cl value of primitive Mars is different from Earth and most chondrites, both of which are close to 0‰. We are not aware of any parent‐body process that could lower the δ37Cl value of the Martian mantle to −4 to −3‰. Instead, we propose that this low δ37Cl value represents the primordial bulk composition of Mars inherited during accretion. The higher δ37Cl values seen in many chondrites are explained by later incorporation of 37Cl‐enriched HCl‐hydrate.
Formation processes of the archaeological record

This handbook synthesizes the most important principles of cultural and environmental formation processes for both students and practicing archaeologists. "Formation Process of the Archaeological Record" embodies a vision that the cultural past is knowable, but only when the nature of the evidence is thoroughly understood. It shows how the past is accessible in practice by identifying variability introduced by the diverse effects of people and nature that in some sum, form the archaeological record. For students, it is intended as both an introduction and guide in method and theory, field work, and analysis. Practicing archaeologists will find it a valuable checklist of sources of variability when observations on the archaeological record are used to justify inferences.
Experimental evidence for the exsolution of ilmenite from titaniferous spinel

Abstract Microintergrowths of titaniferous spinel and ilmenite have been experimentally produced in the system Fe- Ti-Cr-O by annealing in vacuo at constant temperatures in the range 700-1100 °C of spinel + ilmenite assemblages previously synthesized at 1300 °C under controlled low fO₂. Depending on the original fO₂ of synthesisat 1300°C,annealing produces three types of microintergrowths: Type I (lowest fO₂: 10-11) has rims and trellislike lamellae of ilmenite as well as small blebs of metallic iron; type II (fO₂: 10-10-10-9) shows spinel with rims and a few lamellae of ilmenite; type III (highest fO₂: 10-8.5) displays both spinel with rims and lamellae of ilmenite and ilmenite with rims and lamellae of spinel. On the basis of microprobe analysis, including precise determination of the 0 contents, it is shown that the synthetic microintergrowths did not form by a redox process. Rather, the textures represent ex solution caused by vacancy relaxation in spinel (and, for the most reduced samples, in ilmenite), according to the substitution scheme Fe2+2Ti4+-1⃞-1 (1) The presence of metallic iron in the most reduced samples (type I) results from the shift of the iron saturation surface toward more Fe-rich compositions with decreasing temperature. The rims and lamellae of spinel around and within ilmenite in the type-III samples result from the combination of Exchange 1 and the well-known substitution Fe2+ + Ti4+ = 2Fe3+. These experimental results show that natural spinel + ilmenite microintergrowths do not always result from either an oxidation or a reduction process. In particular, textures similar to those of type I, which were observed in lunar basalts, may simply record cooling under O2-conserving conditions. In most terrestrial rocks, however, spinel + ilmenite intergrowths are certainly best interpreted as resulting from oxidation of at least a subsystem of the rock.
Forward-backward and isospin asymmetry for B→K*ℓ+ℓ− decay in the standard model and in supersymmetry

We discuss two dedicated observables in exclusive B→K*l+l− decay that can be used to study effects of physics beyond the standard model, namely the forward-backward asymmetry in the lepton spectrum and the isospin-asymmetry between decays of charged and neutral B mesons. We consider the region of large recoil-energy (i.e. small invariant mass of the lepton pair), and employ the QCD factorization approach to exclusive B meson decays. Sub-leading effects in the heavy quark mass expansion are taken into account for the calculation of the isospin-asymmetry. We give predictions for decay asymmetries in the standard model, and its supersymmetric extension with minimal flavor violation, using parameter values allowed by current experimental constraints on B→Xsγ decay.
Using Statistical Analysis of FLOSS Systems Complexity to Understand Software Inactivity

Understanding how systems evolves can reveal important pieces of information that can help open source stakeholders to identify what can be improved in the software system’s internal organization. Once software complexity is one of the most important attributes to determine software maintainability, controlling its level in the system evolution process makes the software easier to maintain, reducing the maintainability costs. Otherwise, uncontrolled complexity makes the maintenance and enhancement process lengthy, more costly and sometimes it can contribute to the system abandonment. This work investigates the evolution of complexity in discontinued FLOSS projects, through statistical analysis with data obtained from analisis of SonarQube Software. SonarQube is an open-source software quality tool that analyzes the project’s source code and give the developers a feedback about the internal status of what is being developed. After several analyses, the outcome showed interesting results. A substantial portion of inactive FLOSS projects do not seem to be able to keep up with the extra work required to control the systems complexity, presenting a different behaviour of the successful active FLOSS projects. Though, some inactive FLOSS projects do have a complexity evolution that resembles with the curves belonging to active projects. Keywords: Software Complexity, FLOSS, software inactivity, open source success.
Socio-Economic Status (SES) Trends, Schooling /Human Services in the Information Age: Surfing the New Cultures

Since 1980, a change in the American class system has become so noticeable that social scientists have began to chart and project a trend, with a sixth social-economic class emerging at the lower end (Eitzen & Baca Zinn, 1991; Smeeding and Gottschalk, 1998; U.S. Census Bureau, 2002; Lapham, 2003). The trend has the following characteristics (based on data from the U.S. Census, and the Department of Labor): 1) the upper class percentage appears to be increasing to 3% by the early 1990's; 2) the affluent upper middle class is declining approximately . 25% . 5% per year; 3) the lower middle class is declining at a similar rate; 4) the working class population seems to be gaining slightly; 5) the working poor class is increasing by . 25% . 5% a year; 6) a new class, the permanent underclass may be emerging. Current estimates of the present permanent underclass (those persons not allowed to enter or become part of either the economic or social life of the mainstream culture) are between . 5% and 1% with some slight annual increase.
Catchment descriptors to optimise hydrometric networks

Operational needs commonly dictate the evolution of hydrometric networks. Such an approach can fail to meet long-term water management information objectives. This paper investigates how spatial descriptors can be used to assess the strategic value of individual catchments in the UK gauging station network. A catchment utility index (CUI) is presented based on an automated implementation of the Flood Estimation Handbook pooling-group procedure for assessing catchment similarity. The CUI is derived from the frequency with which gauged catchments across the UK are called in the pooling-groups for around four million catchments. Several case studies illustrate how the index is interpreted and used—in combination with the hydrometric performance of gauging stations and the degree of disturbance to the natural flow regime—to identify the most strategically useful gauged catchments. Such information is an essential component in guiding network evolution and in improving the effectiveness of procedures to estima.
Pedestrian Safety Strategic Plan: Recommendations for Research and Product Development

Pedestrian fatalities continue to be a major highway safety problem in the U.S., with pedestrians accounting for approximately 12 percent of all traffic‐related deaths. This report is based on a comprehensive analysis of pedestrian crash data trends and factors, a detailed review of more than 200 reports and publications on pedestrian safety, and input from more than 25 expert stakeholder members. The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) led the development of the Strategic Plan to address these safety concerns and equip professionals with knowledge, resources, and information needed to identify problems and implement solutions related to the roadway environment. The Strategic Plan identified 28 new research topics to address four primary categories of research needs: problem identification and data collection, analysis and decision making, innovative research and evaluation, and technology transfer. Detailed research problem statements were developed for each of the 28 proposed research topics, including the research goals, background, and schedule. The Strategic Plan also recommends updates to existing FHWA technology transfer tools and resources based on an evaluation by potential end‐users. Dissemination activities identified by the Strategic Plan include event marketing, successful practices guides, in‐person and web‐based training, and software development. Recommended innovative strategies for distributing information include convening interactive webinars, developing a video‐share website, and utilizing 3D visualization tools. Recommendations are made for Strategic Plan implementation, while keeping in mind the importance of interagency collaboration. Potential barriers to successful plan implementation are identified along with possible solutions. A recommended timeline for activities is also included, which covers a 15‐year period. Strategies for plan review, evaluation, and updates are also included which ensures that the Strategic Plan will be a flexible, living document. Recommendations for research and product development are intended to be addressed through a collaborative approach between various agencies and offices. A cooperative effort is suggested to address the variety of crash problems discussed in the Strategic Plan.