Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Hierarchy of Learning Needs for Revolutionizing Inclusive Organizational Practices

Problem Despite organizations adopting diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) in organizational initiatives, discrimination, and unjust practices persist. Consequently, organizational environments where individuals feel safe and valued are critical not only to organizational effectiveness but for individual learning, growth, and development. Solution Inclusive leadership models that: (1) integrate organizational learning as the driver for social transformation at the individual, group, and broad organizational levels and (2) develop inclusive leaders who espouse pro-diversity beliefs, enact social change and envision a workplace that values human relations as a basic need for achieving the highest possible degree of human well-being. Stakeholders Organizational leaders, human resource development educators, researchers, scholars.
Infectious agents and their physiological correlates in early marine Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

Physiological parameters of early marine Chinook salmon, measured via gene expression and plasma chemistry, were correlated with the load of infectious agents confirmed in the host through in situ hybridization. Agents demonstrating the most associations with deviation from host homeostasis included Piscine orthoreovirus, Candidatus Branchiomonas cysticola, Parvicapsula pseudobranchicola and Parvicapsula minibicornis.
Design analysis and control of step‐up converter with reduced switch stress

In light of the increasing share of renewable energy sources (RES) in electricity generation, the research community is directing their attention toward developing highly efficient DC‐DC high‐gain step‐up converters. These converters are designed to exhibit reduced voltage stress on the switching devices (semiconductors). This paper presents a comprehensive study of a switch voltage stress‐reduced step‐up converter that offers a range of additional features, including the availability of a common ground point, continuous input current, simple two‐mode continuous conduction mode (CCM) operation, wide duty cycle range, and quadratic boosting factor. To achieve the aforementioned features, the converter utilizes two switches with the same operating modes, eliminating the need for complex switching circuitry. Operational modes, steady‐state analysis, and design considerations have been presented in detail. Comparative analysis indicates that the voltage conversion ratio per number of devices in the proposed topology is significantly higher than that of similar topologies. In addition, the voltage stress of switches is considerably less than the topologies addressed in the literature. The study further includes detailed mathematical and experimental analyses, small signal analysis, and hardware implementation to support the theoretical findings. The converter's efficiency has been thoroughly analyzed along with thermal analysis to ensure its reliability.
Contribution of Nontimber Forest Products Earn to Livelihood in Rural Households and the Type of Use: A Systematic Review

The researcher conducted a review of 83 articles published between 2011 and 2021 to determine the nontimber forest products (NTFPs) income contribution and usage types based on spatial and temporal patterns. The study used a search, synthesis, appraisal, and analysis framework for review. The review included articles that only focused on the contributions of NTFPs for livelihood income and NTFPs usage type, while others not related to these two topics were excluded. For its literature search, more than half of the articles used Google Scholar, followed by Research4life, Scopus/Elsevier, EMBASE, and PubMed, respectively. In this study, excluding papers that (i) did not provide evidence on the income contribution of NTFPs, (ii) did not include articles that did not clearly explain the NTFPs use types, and (iii) were published before 2011, the reviewer was able to reduce the number of included articles (eligibility criteria or inclusion and exclusion criteria). 83 article papers were reviewed for the current review. The majority of the research for this review was carried out in India (19%), Ethiopia (13%), and Nigeria (11%). India was the first of the 17 both Asian and African countries to do research on the NTFPs’ contribution to rural household income and type of use. NTFPs contribute significantly to rural household revenue in 17 countries, ranging from a minimum of 9.5% in Zambia to a maximum of 40.19% in Myanmar. The average percentage of revenue from NTFPs across the 17 nations was 23.56%. Wild fruit, wild vegetables, medicinal plants, firewood, and crafts were the five NTFP usage types that were used by people in every country studied. Despite the fact that different countries utilize different types of NTFPs, the most commonly used types of NTFPs do not differ statistically ( P > 0.05 ). To prevent overexploitation, those top five NTFPs must be conserved as they gather across the regions. NTFP collection is a significant source of revenue for rural poor and people who live in and around the forest. There are many types of NTFPs in both Asian and African countries. So, this study shows that the rural people depend on the forest product and get many benefits from the forest especially in the NTFP usage type. In order to secure livelihood stability in this global biodiversity hotspot and to preserve plant and animal diversity, the cultivation and scientific harvesting of NTFPs are urgently required. It is necessary to increase capacity by teaching NTFP users how, when, and how much to harvest.
Temporal and Spatial Variations in Subterranean Estuary Geochemical Gradients and Nutrient Cycling Rates: Impacts on Groundwater Nutrient Export to Estuaries

Subterranean estuaries (STEs) form at the land‐sea boundary where groundwater and seawater mix. These biogeochemically reactive zones influence groundwater‐borne nutrient concentrations and speciation prior to export via submarine groundwater discharge (SGD). We examined a STE located along the York River Estuary (YRE) to determine if SGD delivers dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and phosphorus (DIP) to the overlying water. We assessed variations in STE geochemical profiles with depth across locations, times, and tidal stages, estimated N removal along the STE flow path, measured hydraulic gradients to estimate SGD, and calculated potential nutrient fluxes. Salinity, dissolved oxygen (DO), DIN, and DIP varied significantly with depth and season (p < 0.05), but not location or tidal stage. Ammonium dominated the DIN pool deep in the STE. Moving toward the sediment surface, ammonium concentrations decreased as nitrate and DO concentrations increased, suggesting nitrification. Potential sediment N removal rates mediated by denitrification were <8 mmoles N m−2 d−1. The total groundwater discharge rate was 38 ± 11 L m−2 d−1; discharge followed tidal and seasonal patterns. Net SGD nutrient fluxes were 0.065–3.2 and 0.019–0.093 mmoles m−2 d−1 for DIN and DIP, respectively. However, microbial N removal in the STE may attenuate 0.58% to >100% of groundwater DIN. SGD fluxes were on the same order of magnitude as diffusive benthic fluxes but accounted for <10% of the nutrients delivered by fluvial advection in the YRE. Our results indicate the importance of STE biogeochemical transformations to SGD flux estimations and their role in coastal eutrophication and nutrient dynamics.
Validation of 'Quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score' as a Screening Tool for Early Identification of Sepsis Patients in the Emergency Department

Sepsis and septic shock are major healthcare problems, affecting millions of people around the world each year. The speed and appropriateness of therapy administered in the initial hours of treatment are likely to influence the outcome. We conducted a study to validate the clinical assessment score named 'quick sequential organ failure assessment' (qSOFA) score for use in the early identification of sepsis patients in the emergency department. Our primary objective was to see the sensitivity and specificity of the qSOFA-score for diagnosing sepsis in the emergency department and our secondary objective was to compare the sensitivity of the qSOFA score with the National Early Warning (NEW) score in patients with sepsis. A prospective observational study was conducted at Max Super Speciality Hospital Saket, New Delhi, from July 2016 to January 2017. Adult patients presenting to the emergency department with clinical signs and symptoms suggestive of infection were enrolled as per the eligibility criteria and divided into two groups on the basis of their qSOFA score at presentation. Out of 120 patients who had a positive qSOFA score 30 were subsequently confirmed as having sepsis whereas in qSOFA negative group 14 patients were subsequently diagnosed as having sepsis. This leads to the fact that although the test has near-acceptable specificity, the sensitivity is quite low. Calculations of the secondary outcome, that is 28-day mortality, revealed that 17 patients out of 120 who had a positive qSOFA score died within 28 days of first presentation whereas in the control group, nine patients had died. This means it successfully predicted mortality in only 17 patients and failed to predict mortality in nine patients out of 26 patients that died. The p-value is 0.097 which indicates both poor sensitivity as well as specificity for predicting mortality. We also compared qSOFA with the NEW score and found the latter to have a better sensitivity for detecting sepsis. This study shows that the qSOFA score, which has been specifically designed for early detection of sepsis patients in the emergency department or a pre-hospital setting in whom infection is suspected on a clinical basis, does not seem to be a good screening tool for early detection of sepsis patients in the emergency department.
Damage evolution of polymer matrix composites reinforced by nanoparticles modified under the three-point bending test by acoustic emission methods

This study aimed to investigate the behavior, and failure resistance of composite materials, and the effect of nanoparticles on their flexural properties. Nanoparticles with different weight percentages of nano-clay, and nano-silica were added to a plain weave C-glass fabric/epoxy/nano SiO2/nano-clay hybrid composite to analyze their effect. A three-point bending test was used to determine the findings. Initially, nano-clay and nano-silica were dispersed into epoxy resin at loadings of 0, 1, 3, and 5 weight percent for all hybrid composites using ultrasonic and mechanical stirring techniques. The test results show that the addition of both these nanoparticles up to 1 wt. % improved flexural strength, and flexural modulus by 12% and 26%, for nano-clay, 13% and 29%, for nano-silica, respectively. Then, during three-point bending tests, acoustic emission (AE) technique was used to detect damage mechanisms. Afterward, to classify damage mechanisms using AE features (peak amplitude and frequency), Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) was used. Additionally, the evolution of damages in samples containing and without nanoparticles was investigated and studied using cumulative AE energy. The results show that the samples containing nanoparticles were more resistant to the growth of monotonous damage than those without nanoparticles.
Turbulence of a conducting fluid in a strong magnetic field

A conference port for permitting simultaneous voice communication among a plurality of local stations and an external or central office line is shown. The stations may be part of a time division PBX or may be arranged as a time-sampled key telephone system having access to the same line. The conference port includes a first operational amplifier for summing the station port voltages on a capacitor during an interval that is a predetermined fraction of the resonant transfer interval. This first, or quasi-resonant, interval is sufficient to reduce the initial voltage on each of the station port sampling capacitors to a predetermined fraction of their initial level. At the conclusion of this interval the voltage on the summing capacitor in the conference port is multiplied by an appropriate factor in a second operational amplifier and is applied back simultaneously to all of the conference ports together with the signal incoming over the external or central office line. The voltage impulse, so applied, causes the signal contributed by each station port to appear at each other station port attenuated by a suitable factor, illustratively 6dB, while the incoming signal appears full strength at each station port. Accordingly, good return loss is provided at each station port and contrast between signals from stations and the incoming line is reduced via the controllable station-to-station loss.
Motion Control of Two-wheel Mobile Inverted Pendulum Based on SIRMs

In the paper the single input rule modules is presented to control two-wheel mobile inverted pendulum, in order to overcome the curse of dimensionality problem in the fuzzy multi-variable control. The number of fuzzy rules is greatly decreased by transforming multi-dimension fuzzy control into single-dimension fuzzy control, while the random optimization search method is used to tune all the control parameters. The simulation result shows the high track speed, small overshoot and the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Adult with concurrent mesenteric cyst and acute appendicitis: a case report

Abstract Mesenteric cysts are uncommon intra-abdominal lesions that account for only one in every 100 000 adult hospitalizations. Their diagnosis is based on a comprehensive clinical examination as well as radiological modalities such as ultrasonography and computed tomography (CT) scans, and it is usually a clinical challenge because of non-specific symptoms. We present our first case of a 51-year-old man with a simple mesenteric cyst accompanying acute appendicitis diagnosed by CT scan of the abdomen and treated by exploratory laparotomy, complete enucleation of the cyst and appendectomy with a 10 month follow-up without complications or recurrence. This type of presentation has not been thoroughly investigated, with only two children reported during our literature review. Even if there is a high level of suspicion, a CT scan is required for confirmation.
The applications of targeted delivery for gene therapies in hearing loss

Abstract Gene therapies are becoming more abundantly researched for use in a multitude of potential treatments, including for hearing loss. Hearing loss is a condition which impacts an increasing number of the population each year, with significant burdens associated. As such, this review will present the concept that delivering a gene effectively to the inner ear may assist in expanding novel treatment options and improving patient outcomes. Historically, several drawbacks have been associated with the use of gene therapies, some of which may be overcome via targeted delivery. Targeted delivery has the potential to alleviate off-target effects and permit a safer delivery profile. Viral vectors have often been described as a delivery method, however, there is an emerging depiction of the potential for nanotechnology to be used. Resulting nanoparticles may also be tuned to allow for targeted delivery. Therefore, this review will focus on hearing loss, gene delivery techniques and inner ear targets, including highlighting promising research. Targeted delivery is a key concept to permitting gene delivery in a safe effective manner, however, further research is required, both in the determination of genes to use in functional hearing recovery and formulating nanoparticles for targeted delivery.
Physician knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding physical activity restrictions in pediatric hemodialysis patients

Epidemiologic studies of physical activity among pediatric hemodialysis (HD) patients are lacking. A sedentary lifestyle in End‐Stage Kidney Disease is associated with a higher cardiovascular mortality risk. In those patients receiving HD, time spent on dialysis and restrictions on physical activity due to access also contribute. No consensus exists regarding physical activity restrictions based on vascular access type.
Factors influencing USgHIFU ablation for adenomyosis with NPVR ≥ 50%

Abstract Objective To investigate the influencing factors of ultrasound-guided HIFU (USgHIFU) ablation for adenomyosis with a non-perfused volume ratio (NPVR)≥50%. Methods A total of 299 patients with adenomyosis who underwent USgHIFU ablation were enrolled. Quantitative signal intensity (SI) analysis was performed on T2WI and dynamic enhancement type. The energy efficiency factor (EEF) was defined as the ultrasound energy delivered for ablating 1 mm3 of tissue. NPVR ≥ 50% was used as the criterion for technical success. Adverse effects and complications were recorded. Logistic regression analyses of variables were conducted to identify the factors affecting NPVR ≥ 50%. Results The median NPVR was 53.5% (34.7%). There were 159 cases in the NPVR ≥ 50% group and 140 cases in the NPVR < 50% group. The EEF in NPVR < 50.0% group was significantly higher than that in NPVR ≥ 50% group (p < 0.05). The incidence of intraoperative adverse effects and postoperative adverse events in the NPVR < 50% group were higher than those in the NPVR ≥ 50% group (p < 0.05 for both). Logistic regression analysis showed that abdominal wall thickness, SI difference on T2WI between adenomyosis and rectus abdominis, and enhancement type on T1WI were protective factors for NPVR ≥ 50% (p < 0.05), while the history of childbirth was an independent risk factor (p < 0.001). Conclusions Compared with NPVR < 50%, NPVR ≥ 50% did not increase the intraprocedural and postprocedural adverse reactions. The possibility of NPVR ≥ 50% was higher in patients with thinner abdominal walls, showed slight enhancement of adenomyosis on T1WI, with a history of childbirth, or in whom the SI difference on T2WI between adenomyosis and rectus abdominis was more minor.
Comparison of Radiological and Clinical Outcomes between Expandable and Non-expandable Cages Following Cervical Corpectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion is considered the mainstay of surgical treatment in cervical pathology. Expandable and non-expandable cages are preferred over autogenous bone graft because of donor-related morbidity. However, the choice of the cage type remains a debatable topic as studies report conflicting results. Thus, we evaluated the outcomes of expandable and non-expandable cages following cervical corpectomy. Studies were searched in various electronic databases (MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Scopus, and Cochrane) between 2011 and 2021. Forest plot was made to compare the radiological and clinical outcomes between expandable and non-expandable cages following cervical corpectomy. Altogether, 26 studies (1,170 patients) were included in the meta-analysis. The mean change in segmental angle was significantly greater in the expandable cage group than in the non-expandable cage group (6.7° vs. 3.0°, p<0.001). The mean subsidence rate was lower in the expandable cage group (6% vs. 41%, p<0.001). The mean fusion rate was lower (93% vs. 98%, p=0.06) and the mean displacement rate was significantly higher in the expandable cage group (29% vs. 5%, p<0.05). The mean reoperation rate was higher in the expandable cage group (16% vs. 2%, p>0.05). The improvement in segmental angle is better with expandable cages. Higher subsidence is a major problem with non-expandable cages, but it seems to be beneficial as evidenced by the high fusion rate and minimal effect on clinical outcome in patients with this cage.
Enhanced control of DFIG-used back-to-back PWM VSC under unbalanced grid voltage conditions

This paper presents a unified positive-and negative-sequence dual-dq dynamic model of wind-turbine driven doublyfed induction generator (DFIG) under unbalanced grid voltage conditions. Strategies for enhanced control and operation of a DFIG-used back-to-back (BTB) PWM voltage source converter (VSC) are proposed. The modified control design for the grid-side converter in the stationary αβ frames diminishes the amplitude of DC-link voltage ripples of twice the grid frequency, and the two proposed control targets for the rotor-side converter are alternatively achieved, which, as a result, improve the fault-ride through (FRT) capability of the DFIG based wind power generation systems during unbalanced network supply. A complete unbalanced control scheme with both grid-and rotor-side converters included is designed. Finally, simulation was carried out on a 1.5 MW wind-turbine driven DFIG system and the validity of the developed unified model and the feasibility of the proposed control strategies are all confirmed by the simulated results.
Airway-Occluding Mucus Plugs and Mortality in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Importance Airway mucus plugs are common in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); however, the association of airway mucus plugging and mortality in patients with COPD is unknown. Objective To determine whether airway mucus plugs identified on chest computed tomography (CT) were associated with increased all-cause mortality. Design, Setting, and Participants Observational retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data of patients with a diagnosis of COPD in the Genetic Epidemiology of COPD cohort. Participants were non-Hispanic Black or White individuals, aged 45 to 80 years, who smoked at least 10 pack-years. Participants were enrolled at 21 centers across the US between November 2007 and April 2011 and were followed up through August 31, 2022. Exposures Mucus plugs that completely occluded airways on chest CT scans, identified in medium- to large-sized airways (ie, approximately 2- to 10-mm lumen diameter) and categorized as affecting 0, 1 to 2, or 3 or more lung segments. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was all-cause mortality, assessed with proportional hazard regression analysis. Models were adjusted for age, sex, race and ethnicity, body mass index, pack-years smoked, current smoking status, forced expiratory volume in the first second of expiration, and CT measures of emphysema and airway disease. Results Among the 4483 participants with COPD, 4363 were included in the primary analysis (median age, 63 years [IQR, 57-70 years]; 44% were women). A total of 2585 (59.3%), 953 (21.8%), and 825 (18.9%) participants had mucus plugs in 0, 1 to 2, and 3 or more lung segments, respectively. During a median 9.5-year follow-up, 1769 participants (40.6%) died. The mortality rates were 34.0% (95% CI, 32.2%-35.8%), 46.7% (95% CI, 43.5%-49.9%), and 54.1% (95% CI, 50.7%-57.4%) in participants who had mucus plugs in 0, 1 to 2, and 3 or more lung segments, respectively. The presence of mucus plugs in 1 to 2 vs 0 and 3 or more vs 0 lung segments was associated with an adjusted hazard ratio of death of 1.15 (95% CI, 1.02-1.29) and 1.24 (95% CI, 1.10-1.41), respectively. Conclusions and Relevance In participants with COPD, the presence of mucus plugs that obstructed medium- to large-sized airways was associated with higher all-cause mortality compared with patients without mucus plugging on chest CT scans.
Radiation direction control by optical slot antenna integrated with plasmonic waveguide

We present an optical slot antenna integrated with a metal-dielectric-metal (MIM) plasmonic waveguide. By integrating optical slot antenna on top metal layer of MIM waveguide, we can couple the plasmon guide mode into the feed antenna directly. The resonantly excited slot antenna works as a magnetic dipole and then radiates in dipole-like far-field pattern. By adding an auxiliary groove structure along with the slot antenna, the radiation can be directed into the direction where the structure determined. The demonstrated optical slot antenna integrated with a plasmonic waveguide can be used as a “plasmonic via” in plasmonic nanocircuits.