Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cellular automata based multi-bit stuck-at fault diagnosis for resistive memory

This paper presents a group-based dynamic stuck-at fault diagnosis scheme intended for resistive random-access memory (ReRAM). Traditional static random-access memory, dynamic random-access memory, NAND, and NOR flash memory are limited by their scalability, power, package density, and so forth. Next-generation memory types like ReRAMs are considered to have various advantages such as high package density, non-volatility, scalability, and low power consumption, but cell reliability has been a problem. Unreliable memory operation is caused by permanent stuck-at faults due to extensive use of write- or memory-intensive workloads. An increased number of stuck-at faults also prematurely limit chip lifetime. Therefore, a cellular automaton (CA) based dynamic stuck-at fault-tolerant design is proposed here to combat unreliable cell functioning and variable cell lifetime issues. A scalable, block-level fault diagnosis and recovery scheme is introduced to ensure readable data despite multi-bit stuck-at faults. The scheme is a novel approach because its goal is to remove all the restrictions on the number and nature of stuck-at faults in general fault conditions. The proposed scheme is based on Wolfram’s null boundary and periodic boundary CA theory. Various special classes of CAs are introduced for 100% fault tolerance: single-length-cycle single-attractor cellular automata (SACAs), single-length-cycle two-attractor cellular automata (TACAs), and single-length-cycle multiple-attractor cellular automata (MACAs). The target micro-architectural unit is designed with optimal space overhead.
Geoacoustic Inversion Using Distributed Sensors

Geoacoustic inversion is a method using sound to invert for the sediment/bottom properties. The method has been researched extensively using sound received on a vertical or horizontal line array (VLA/HLA). It requires usually a dedicated ship to deploy the array and source to collect the data. Conducting such experiments is costly and its use is limited in practical applications. It is anticipated in the future that many low-cost acoustic transceivers will be deployed in the ocean in the form of a distributed sensor network. It seems logical to use these distributed sensors as the receivers to conduct geoacoustic inversion using a ship-mounted source, thus covering a wide area wherever the distributed nodes are deployed. The question is how well can one estimate the bottom parameters using distributed sensors, compared with that using the traditional arrays. Note that the VLA/HLA data offers spatial coherence, thus one usually carries out geoacoustic inversion using the so called matched-field inversion. The signal received on the distributed data may not be coherent and one will conduct geoacoustic inversion using frequency-coherent inversion methods. The advantage of distributed receiver is spatial diversity, particularly when the source moves. Simulation results will be presented to compare their performance.
Constellation Design for Complex Colour Shift Keying Aided Optical OFDM Systems

Colour shift keying (CSK) and optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OOFDM) are among the promising high-rate transmission technologies for visible light communication (VLC). Existing methods that combine CSK and OOFDM typically assume the use of conventional CSK constellations such as those defined by the IEEE 802.15. 7 standard. However, such a straightforward CSK-OOFDM combination distorts the colour balance and the modulated VLC signal is therefore no longer white. In this paper, we design optimised CSK constellations that work in the complex domain under a given colour constraint. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the new design method, which not only produces new constellations with an improved normalised minimum Euclidean distance (NMED) compared with the traditional counterparts, hence improves the achievable bit error rate (BER) performance, but also eliminates the colour balance distortion issue of conventional CSK-OOFDM systems.
Proposal and Evaluation of SPF-DPS Scheduling for DPS-CoMP in LTE System

The development of communications technology in recent years has resulted in greater numbers of people using mobile communications to send and receive large amounts of data. Consequently, mobile communication traffic has been increasing year after year. This increase is expected to keep pace moving into the future. So there is a need to figure out ways to increase the communication capacity of the entire system with regards to mobile communications. At the same time, there is also a problem that the communication capacity each user obtained is difference from depending on the location. Especially, users at the cell edge obtains much smaller communication capacity than the users in the vicinity of base station. Therefore, in this paper we aim to propose a scheduling scheme that will resolve these two issues. In particular, we propose SPF-DPS (Stochastic Proportional Fairness with Dynamic Point Selection) as a scheme of dealing with these problems and use computer simulations to show that it allows greater effectiveness to be obtained.
Research on the Magnetic Properties of Iron Core for Saturated Iron-Core Superconducting Fault Current Limiter

The magnetic field of iron core is excited by the interaction of both direct current (dc) and alternating current for the saturated iron-core superconducting fault current limiter (SI-SFCL), which will reach a relatively high level as 2 T or above. On account of using different methods to describe the magnetic property of the iron core, the simulation results of the magnetic field and loss of iron core will be different, we use a new method to measure its magnetized characteristic, especially in saturated state. In this paper, we have studied the definition of the magnetized property for SI-SFCL under dc bias current in detail. On the basis of the experimental data of grain-oriented electrical steel, we plot the hysteresis loop and the magnetization curve of the electrical steel. The rightness of the definition is verified by using simulation analysis and experimental test. At last, the research results mentioned earlier are applied to analyze a 380-V SI-SFCL.
Low-Dimensional Nanomaterial Systems Formed by IVA Group Elements Allow Energy Conversion Materials to Flourish

In response to the exhaustion of traditional energy, green and efficient energy conversion has attracted growing attention. The IVA group elements, especially carbon, are widely distributed and stable in the earth’s crust, and have received a lot of attention from scientists. The low-dimensional structures composed of IVA group elements have special energy band structure and electrical properties, which allow them to show more excellent performance in the fields of energy conversion. In recent years, the diversification of synthesis and optimization of properties of IVA group elements low-dimensional nanomaterials (IVA-LD) contributed to the flourishing development of related fields. This paper reviews the properties and synthesis methods of IVA-LD for energy conversion devices, as well as their current applications in major fields such as ion battery, moisture electricity generation, and solar-driven evaporation. Finally, the prospects and challenges faced by the IVA-LD in the field of energy conversion are discussed.
Control and Extended Kalman Filter based Estimation for a Ballbot Robotic System

Control and estimation are carried out in this paper for a ballbot underactuated robotic system. Under position measurements, the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) is used as an asymptotic estimator in order to estimate the unavailable state vector of the robotic system. Then, the estimated state vector is used by a Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) that steers the ballbot to its upright position. It is demonstrated that the closed loop system that includes the ballbot, the LQR, and the EKF remains locally asymptotically stable. Numerical results corroborate the viability of the proposed control and estimation scheme.
Complete remission after radiotherapy in a patient with basaloid squamous cell cancer of the nasal cavity and maxillary sinus – case report and review of literature

Aim: The aim of our study is to describe the case of a patient suffering from squamous cell carcinoma of the basaloid nasal cavity, who achieved complete recurrence remission after palliative radiotherapy. Case report: We present a clinical case of a patient suffering from basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the nasal cavity who achie-ved a complete remission of local recurrence following a palliative radiotherapy. In November 2011 the patient underwent a radical, block resection of the tumor withing the nasal cavity and right paranasal sinuses, with margin sampling. The recurrence occurred in June 2012. As she did not qualify for rescue therapy, she received 2 courses of radiation, spaced 6 months apart – 20 Gy in 5 fractions each. A complete remission lasting until 2016 was achieved. Progression free survival from the first series of palliative radiotherapy was 45 months. Overall survival since the diagnosis was 69 months (62 months since the recurrence was diagnosed). Discussion: We have conducted a literature review regarding therapeutic options and prognosis and compared it with our case. Basaloid squamous cancer is more aggressive than other squamous cancers. Previous case studies and case series descri-be this type of the disease being treated with surgery, radiation or various multimodality protocols including chemoradiation, surgery followed by radiation and others. Conclusions: A conclusion was drawn that the best results were reported in studies which based their therapeutic strategy on radiotherapy.
Comorbidity between psychological distress and drug use among patients in treatment centres in Jamaica: implications for policies and programme design

5 �MSc. �DirectorInternationalHealthOffice. � CentreforAddictionandMentalHealth. �Toronto,�Canada. �E-mail:�akwatu_khenti@ camh.net ABSTRACT: This research explored comorbiditybetweenpsychologicaldistressanddruguseamongpatientsintreatmentcentres� inJamaicaandthepossibleimplicationsforpolicyandprogrammedesignfortreatmentcentres. �Thestudywascross-sectionaland� consisted of 56 adult patients of Jamaican nationality, ages 18 to 70 years old being treated in centres for substance use across three parishes. Patients completed a questionnaire consisting of an adapted version of the EULAC-CICAD Admission form; the Kessler Intrument-10;�andtheFamilyAPGARscale. �Resultsindicatethat�10.7%�ofthepatientswerecategorizedtohaveseverepsychological� distress;�32.1%�categorizedwithseverepsychologicaldistress. �Acrossthegeneralsample 66.1% have high perceived family functioning, 16.1% perceive moderate family dysfunction and 17.9% perceive severe family dysfunction. The predominant treatment received across thecentreswascounseling�83.9%�and�83.9%�ofpatientsreportedbeingsatisfiedwiththeirtreatment. �Overall,�resultsmayserveasa� steppingstonetolargerworktobedoneinthearea;�soastocaptureabetterpictureofthephenomenaasitexistsinJamaica.
Machine Learning Aided Channel Estimation for Ambient Backscatter Communication Systems

Ambient backscatter has been a hot research topic ever since its birth in 2013. One open problem for ambient backscatter communication systems is individual channel estimation, which is the focus of this paper. In this paper, we design a communication protocol for the reader and the tag so as to obtain all the channel parameters. Specifically, we utilize expectation maximization (EM) algorithm, one typical machine learning approach, to design a semi-blind estimator so as to acquire combined channel parameters. We also obtain the uplink channel between the reader and the tag with a maximum likelihood (ML) estimator and estimate the downlink channel with superimposed pilots from the reader. In addition, we derive all the Cramer-Rao bounds (CRB) of the proposed channel estimators. Finally, simulation results are provided to corroborate our theoretical studies.
Pig Detection Algorithm Based on Sliding Windows and PCA Convolution

An accurate and rapid pig detection algorithm based on video image processing technology can be helpful to identify abnormal pigs and take timely measures to reduce the incidence of diseases. In order to solve the problems of low computational efficiency and low precision in pig detection algorithm based on sliding windows, this paper proposed a simple and efficient pig detection algorithm. A two-level support vector machine model was trained to calculate the probabilities of sliding windows by using gradient and gray distribution features of pigs. The principal component analysis convolution kernels were trained to extract foreground and background features of pig images. The support vector machine was used to classify sliding windows to obtain windows where pigs were located, and the non-maximum suppression algorithm was used to eliminate redundant windows to complete the target detection. The experiments showed that the proposed algorithm blending gradient and gray distribution features had a higher recall rate than the BING algorithm. The recall rate was up to 99.21% using 500 windows. The classification accuracy of sliding windows in this paper was 95.21%, which was higher than that of the PCANet. By calculating the omission detection rate, the misdetection rate, and the average detection time, it can be seen that in the detection methods of the proposed algorithm, BING + PCANet, faster rcnn and yolo, the performance of the proposed algorithm was optimal.
PET/CT diagnostic value in suspicion of palatine tonsils’ lymphoma recurrence

Introduction: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a non-homogenous group of neoplasms of the lymphatic system in terms of morphology, genetics, and clinical aspects. The follow-up of patients treated for lymphoma includes the following examinations: clinical, laboratory, and imaging. According to the recommendation of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) from 2020, the observation of patients with DLBCL is mostly based on the PET/CT examination with 18F-FDG, especially when suspecting the extranodal lymphoma recurrence. Aim: The aim of the study was to define the predictive value of the PET/CT examination in the evaluation of the recurrence of DLBCL in the palatine tonsils. Material and methods: The analysis of the medical documentation of patients treated in our Department was performed. Research material included patients with suspicion of local recurrence of DLBCL in the palatine tonsils. Thirty-three patients were included in the study: 22 women and 11 men. The age range was 23–73 years with a mean of 53 years. Results: The confirmation of the local recurrence of DLBCL in the histological examination was obtained in 11 patients – 7 women and 4 men aged 58–73 years (μ= 65.4). SUVmax in the palatine tonsil in those patients ranged: for the right tonsil 3.6–9.5 (μ=6.0), and for the left tonsil 3.8–9.5 (μ = 6.1). The second group of the patients did not present any local recurrence of DLBCL in the palatine tonsils. The histological diagnosis was chronic tonsillitis. The age of those patients ranged from 23 up to 73 years (μ = 43.1 years). SUVmax ranged: for the right palatine tonsil 2.8-27.7 (μ = 8.62), for the left palatine tonsil 3.8–27.4 (μ = 8.60). The sensitivity of PET/CT in the recurrence assessment in our study was 100%, while the specificity was 33.3%. The additional predictive value was 0.33.
Quality Properties of Dry-Aged Beef (Hanwoo Cattle) Crust on Pork Patties

This study evaluated the effects of crust derived from dry-aged beef (Hanwoo cattle) on the quality of pork patties. Pork patty samples were prepared with different amounts of crust (0—control, 1, 2, and 3%). The protein, fat, and ash contents in the crust samples were significantly higher than those in the control sample (p < 0.05). The CIE b* value of uncooked pork patties with crust added was significantly lower than that of the control patties (p < 0.05). The pH and CIE L* values of uncooked patty batter samples decreased with increasing concentrations of crust (p < 0.05). However, the viscosity increased proportionally with an increase in crust (p < 0.05). Samples containing 3% crust showed significantly higher uncooked and cooked CIE a*, water-holding capacity, cooking yield, and shear force than the control sample (p < 0.05). Moreover, samples containing 2% and 3% crust showed significantly lower diameter and thickness reductions than those of the control sample (p < 0.05). The sensory evaluation conferred by the crust was significantly higher than that of the control sample (p < 0.05). Overall, our results suggest that pork patties supplemented with 3% crust have improved properties.
Perceived Social Support and Coping among People with Chronic Nonmalignant Pain

Objective: Identify the association between perceived social support and coping on the part of people with chronic nonmalignant pain in the city of Tunja (Colombia). Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive, correlational study with a quantitative, cross-sectional design. The sample included 340 persons with chronic nonmalignant pain. The analysis was done using descriptive statistics and the correlation was determined with the Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: The persons with chronic nonmalignant pain who took part in the study were mostly women; specifically, housewives ages 36 to 59 who are in the low socio-economic bracket and have different levels of education. The majority had neurosurgical or neurological diseases, followed by those of bone or joint origin. They had been in pain for more than three years and its intensity was severe. A high perception of social support was found, along with considerable use of coping strategies, particularly religion. The study revealed a weak statistically significant correlation between perceived social support and coping in persons with chronic pain, and between perceived social support and active coping. Conclusions: Social support interventions tailored to the contexts and environments users find themselves in should be considered as initiatives to strengthen the coping strategies of persons with chronic nonmalignant pain.
100-MW-Level Experiments of a Gyromagnetic Nonlinear Transmission Line System

The wideband high-power microwave systems have the advantages of wide energy spectrum, electron beam independence, compactness, and low cost. The gyromagnetic nonlinear transmission line (GNLTL) has drawn much attention for its potential as a novel solid-state, frequency-agile, and compact wideband source. The working mechanism of GNLTL is different from that of the traditional electric vacuum tubes, and the strong dispersion and nonlinear characteristics make it difficult to be accurately theoretically calculated and simulated. In this article, a 100-MW-level GNLTL system based on a Tesla-type driver was designed and constructed. A series of test experiments were then carried out to investigate the effects of different configurations, including delay line length, ferrite cores’ assembly orientation, transmission line length, bias magnetic field magnitude, and excitation voltage. The changing laws of the key parameters of the output microwaves including the peak power, modulation depth, center frequency, and percentage band are summarized and the underlying physical mechanisms are analyzed. The results may be instructive for the predesign of GNLTLs, especially for the devices operating at high power. In addition, a multiple center frequency points’ phenomenon was discovered in the output signal, which may bring new application possibilities for GNLTL.
Itraconazole Nanosuspensions via Dual Centrifugation Media Milling: Impact of Formulation and Process Parameters on Particle Size and Solid-State Conversion as Well as Storage Stability

Nanocrystal suspensions proved to be a potent enabling principle for biopharmaceutics classification system class II drugs with dissolution limited bioavailability. In the example of itraconazole (ITZ) as a model drug combined with electrosteric stabilization using hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC-SL), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and polysorbate 80 (PS80), the impacts of formulation and process parameters of a dual centrifugal mill on material attributes such as particle size, zeta potential, particle morphology, storage stability and especially solid-state characteristics were evaluated. A minimal concentration of 0.9% (w/w) HPC-SL, 0.14% (w/w) SDS and 0.07% (w/w) PS80 was necessary for sufficient nanoparticle stabilization. Despite the minor effect of PS80, its presence was beneficial for electrosteric stabilization. Choosing lower stabilizer concentrations resulted in a pronounced increase in particle size due to agglomeration, which was confirmed by SEM imaging and a decrease in zeta potential in combination with an amorphization of the particles. Milling temperature had no significant impact on the particle size, whereas milling speed and the size of the milling beads used were found to have a strong impact on the critical material attributes such as particle size and polydispersity index. The smallest particle sizes could be obtained by using the smallest milling bead size. However, the smallest obtainable particle size could only be achieved by using two-fold stabilizer concentrations, as smaller particles exhibit a larger specific surface area.
An Age Effect of Rumen Microbiome in Dairy Buffaloes Revealed by Metagenomics

Age is an important factor in shaping the gut microbiome. However, the age effect on the rumen microbial community for dairy buffaloes remains less explored. Using metagenomics, we examined the microbial composition and functions of rumen microbiota in dairy Murrah buffaloes of different ages: Y (1 year old), M (3–5 years old), E (6–8 years old), and O (>9 years old). We found that Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were the predominant phyla, with Prevotella accounting for the highest abundance at the genus level. The proportion of Bacteroides and Methanobrevibacter significantly increased with age, while the abundance of genus Lactobacillus significantly decreased with age (LDA > 3, p < 0.05). Most differed COG and KEGG pathways were enriched in Y with carbohydrate metabolism, while older buffaloes enriched more functions of protein metabolism and the processing of replication and repair (LDA > 2, p < 0.05). Additionally, the functional contribution analysis revealed that the genera Prevotella and Lactobacillus of Y with more functions of CAZymes encoded genes of glycoside hydrolases and carbohydrate esterases for their roles of capable of metabolizing starch and sucrose-associated oligosaccharide enzyme, hemicellulase, and cellulase activities than the other three groups (LDA > 2, p < 0.05), thus affecting the 1-year-old dairy buffalo rumen carbohydrate metabolism. This study provides comprehensive dairy buffalo rumen metagenome data and assists in manipulating the rumen microbiome for improved dairy buffalo production.