Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development of Team-Based Hands-On Learning Experiences

Al Ferri received his BS degree in Mechanical Engineering from Lehigh University in 1981 and his PhD degree in Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering from Princeton University in 1985. Since 1985, he has been a faculty member in the School of Mechanical Engineering at Georgia Tech, where he now serves as Professor and Associate Chair for Undergraduate Studies. His research areas are in the fields of dynamics, controls, vibrations, and acoustics. He is also active in course and curriculum development. He is a Fellow of the ASME.
Wiedemann-Franz law for magnon transport

One of the main goals of spintronics is to improve transport of information carriers and to achieve new functionalities with ultra-low dissipation. A most promising strategy for this holy grail is to use pure magnon currents created and transported in insulating magnets, in the complete absence of any conducting metallic elements. Here we propose a realistic solution to this fundamental challenge by analyzing magnon and heat transport in insulating ferromagnetic junctions. We calculate all transport coefficients for magnon transport and establish Onsager relations between them. We theoretically discover that magnon transport in junctions has a universal behavior, i.e., is independent of material parameters, and establish a magnon analog of the celebrated Wiedemann-Franz law, which governs charge transport at low temperatures. We calculate the Seebeck and Peltier coefficients, which are crucial quantities for spin caloritronics, and demonstrate that they assume universal values in the low-temperature limit. Finally, we show that our predictions are within experimental reach with current device and measurement technologies.
Effect of physical load on the concentration of endothelial NO-synthase and platelet-activation factor in plasma of athletes

Aim. To assess the effect of one-time physical load on the concentration of endothelial NO-synthase and platelet-activating factor in blood plasma of athletes training in cyclic and strength sports, as well as in untrained volunteers. Materials and methods. The study involved 28 men aged 18–25 years, who were relatively healthy and had no disorders of the cardiovascular system. Three groups were formed according to the sports classification. Group 1 (TFG) included highly qualified athletes (Candidates for Master of Sports (CMS), Master of Sports (MS)) of cyclic sports – track and field athletics (middle-distance running, 800–1500 m), n = 10. Group 2 (WG) consisted of highly qualified athletes (CMS, MS) of strength sports – weightlifting, n = 8. Group 3 (CG) was a control group and included untrained men with no sports category, n = 10. All volunteers were examined in the morning on an empty stomach. One day before the study, the athletes were advised to stop the training process. The blood from the cubital vein was taken from all the individuals three times: before exercise (test A), immediately after performing the standard PWC 170 test on a bicycle ergometer (test B), and 60 minutes after performing the stress test (test C). Determination of the concentration of endothelial NO-synthase (eNOS) and platelet-activating factor (PAF) in plasma was performed by enzyme immunoassay. Results. It has been shown that the features of endothelial reactivity in athletes of various specializations in comparison with untrained volunteers are significantly associated with the level of eNOS production both at rest and in response to short-term physical exertion. Platelet-activating factor can also affect endothelial reactivity, but to a lesser extent, and is involved only in the mechanisms of adaptation to repetitive high-intensity physical loads.
Human Skeletal Muscle Protein Metabolism Responses to Amino Acid Nutrition 1 – 4

Healthy individuals maintain remarkably constant skeletal muscle mass across much of adult life, suggesting the existence of robust homeostatic mechanisms. Muscle exists in dynamic equilibrium whereby the in ﬂ ux of amino acids (AAs) and the resulting increases in muscle protein synthesis (MPS) associated with the intake of dietary proteins cancel out the ef ﬂ ux of AAs from muscle protein breakdown that occurs between meals. Dysregulated proteostasis is evident with aging, especially beyond the sixth decade of life. Women and men aged 75 y lose muscle mass at a rate of ; 0.7% and 1%/y, respectively (sarcopenia), and lose strength 2- to 5-fold faster (dynapenia) as muscle “ quality ” decreases. Factors contributing to the disruption of an otherwise robust proteostatic system represent targets for potential therapies that promote healthy aging. Understanding age-related impairments in anabolic responses to AAs and identifying strategies to mitigate these factors constitute major areas of interest. Numerous studies have aimed to identify 1 ) the influence of distinct protein sources on absorption kinetics and muscle anabolism, 2 ) the latency and time course of MPS responses to protein/AAs, 3 ) the impacts of protein/AA intake on muscle microvascular recruitment, and 4 ) the role of certain AAs (e.g., leucine) as signaling molecules, which are able to trigger anabolic pathways in tissues. This review aims to discuss these 4 issues listed, to provide historical and modern perspectives of AAs as modulators of human skeletal muscle protein metabolism, to describe how advances in stable isotope/mass spectrometric approaches and instrumentation have underpinned these advances, and to highlight relevant differences between young adults and older individuals. AdvNutr 38S.
Monitoring Human Copper/Zinc Superoxide Dismutase Misfolding/Aggregation in Mammalian Cells

Protein misfolding and aggregation play important roles in many processes in living organisms. These include pathological protein aggregation in neurodegenerative diseases and biopharmaceutical protein aggregation during production in mammalian cells. Despite obvious benefits, non-invasive quantitative assays for protein misfolding and mammalian cell aggregation have not been extensively exploited. In order to develop a simple non-invasive assay for protein misfolding and aggregation in mammalian cells, the folding reporter green fluorescent protein (GFP) system, originally developed for bacterial cells, was evaluated. As a folding reporter, GFP was fused to the C-terminus of a panel of human copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) mutants with varying misfolding/aggregation propensities. Flow cytometric analysis of transfected HEK293T and NSC-34 cells revealed that the mean fluorescence intensities of the cells expressing GFP fusion of SOD1 variants exhibit an inverse correlation with the misfolding/aggregation propensities of the four SOD1 variants. These results support the hypothesis that the extent of misfolding/aggregation of a target protein in mammalian cells can be quantitatively estimated by measuring the mean fluorescence intensity of the cells expressing GFP fusion. The assay method developed here will pave the way for investigating protein misfolding/aggregation in mammalian cells.
An improved topographical wetness index for wetland detection

Hydrological modeling, like runoff modelling for flood prevention, is based on digital elevation models (DEMs). The fact that the DEMs do not represent existing road culverts can lead to considerable hydrological misinterpretations. In order to overcome this limitation, a GIS method was developed to automatically adjust the elevation model, hydrologically enforcing the DEM, so that the results of hydrological modeling accounts for flow through culverts. The hydroenforced DEM showed to better represent the drainage network than the former DEM when compared with the river map. The topographic wetness index is the most commonly applied topographic index and a good indicator of soil moisture distribution. It has been integrated into many hydrological models and pollution risk indices as well as into the prediction of wetland distribution. Using the hydroDEM from the previous step and the soil map in conjunction with the TWI, an improved TWI was achieved, namely a soil-topographic wetness index (STI). The linkages between specific soil types and TWI or STI values were analyzed. They revealed a clear linkage between STI values and soil type based on the soil transmissivity (R=0.77). However, the TWI values showed low correlations to the soil types (R=0.02). As a specific application, both TWI and STI were tested for the detection of wetlands. Wetlands are important ecosystems which act as buffer zones by filtering pollutants and slowing floodwater. Being able to identify their distribution is important in landscape planning and ecology. A wetland threshold value was determined for each index and their results where compared with the wetland map from the property map (assumed as ground truth) and with the potential wetland area. Finally, a visual validation was performed with the use of an aerial photography. The results showed that the STI performed slightly better than the TWI for the detection of wetlands, detecting 3% more wetlands. The impact of the soil map on the topographic wetness index was therefore determined as positive.
Longer-Term Biological Variation of Commonly Analyzed

CLINICALCHEMISTRY, Vol. 33, No. 5, 1987 717 Ooat-A-Oount kits are essentially unaffected by pathophysiological variations in albumin, T4-binding globulin (TBG), and free fatty acid concentrations in serum (Protocols H 578 and 579, Jan. 17, 1986). However, TBG dependency for the Ooat-A-Oount FF4 assay has been suggested on the basis of results obtained from studies on pregnancy sera and sera with congenitally increased or decreased TBG concentrations. Binding of the radiolabeled analogs to TBG might also explain, at least partly, the low Fr4 and F3 concentrations, as compared with equilibrium dialysis, we observed.
Exploring The Molecular Mechanisms of Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma Through Bioinformatics Analysis

Background Classic Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL) is the most common HL in the modern society. Although the treatment of cHL has made great progress, its molecular mechanisms have yet to be deciphered. Objectives The purpose of this study is to find out the crucial potential genes and pathways associated with cHL. Methods We downloaded the cHL microarray dataset (GSE12453) from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between cHL samples and normal samples through the limma package in R. Then, gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis of DEGs were carried out. Finally, we constructed the protein-protein interaction network to screen out the hub genes using Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) database. Results We screened out 788 DEGs in the cHL dataset, such as BATF3, IER3, RAB13 and FCRL2. GO functional enrichment analysis indicated that the DEGs were related with regulation of lymphocyte activation, secretory granule lumen and chemokine activity. KEGG pathway analysis showed that the genes enriched in Prion disease, Complement and coagulation cascades and Parkinson disease Coronavirus disease-COVID-19 pathway. Protein-protein interaction network construction identified 10 hub genes (IL6, ITGAM, CD86, FN1, MMP9, CXCL10, CCL5, CD19, IFNG, SELL, UBB) in the network. Conclusions In the present investigation, we identified several pathways and hub genes related to the occurrence and development of cHL, which may provide an important basis for further research and novel therapeutic targets and prognostic indicators for cHL.
Lineage tracing methods to study kidney injury and regeneration, their limitations and advantages

Lineage tracing strategies is proving to be a powerful approach for tracking cells in vivo , and is transforming 37 our understanding of the cell fate changes that underlie kidney pathophysiology. The technologicaladvances 38 in lineage tracing approaches is permitting novel spatial, temporal and kinetic resolutions into mechanisms 39 responsible for tissue renewal and repair. In particular, lineage tracing has been used to investigate the 40 possible role of stem/progenitor cells in kidney development, homeostasis and regeneration. Recently, the 41 production of novel murine models where individual cells are tagged, assist in clarification of mechanisms of 42 kidney regeneration and new answers to old questions are gradually being unraveled. The complexity of 43 these genetically engineered systems requires careful analysis and interpretation. Caution must be paid 44 particularly on the type of promoter, switch and reporter used, as well as on the induction times that are best 45 to study the pre-specified end points.Here, we focus on the main points that need to be considered to 46 interpret results obtained with lineage tracing, as well as on novel techniques that are becoming available, 47 with a particular emphasis on their use for studying putative renal progenitors and the mechanisms of kidney 48 regeneration. 49
Alzheimer's Disease: Synaptic Dysfunction and Aβ The share you. Your matters

Synapse loss is an early and invariant feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and there is a strong correlation between the extent of synapse loss and the severity of dementia. Accordingly, it has been proposed that synapse loss underlies the memory impairment evident in the early phase of AD and that since plasticity is important for neuronal viability, persistent disruption of plasticity may account for the frank cell loss typical of later phases of the disease. Extensive multi-disciplinary research has implicated the amyloid β -protein (A β ) in the aetiology of AD and here we review the evidence that non-fibrillar soluble forms of A β are mediators of synaptic compromise. We also discuss the possible mechanisms of A β synaptotoxicity and potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
APPLICATION OF LARGE SCALE MICROBIAL LARVICIDING THE LOWER MALARIA INFECTION COMMUNITY BASED INITIATIVE IN LAHORE PAKISTAN PREVALENCE

: Aim: In Asia, malaria control is generally possible in metropolitan areas, but most studies have focused on countries. Stopping malaria transmission from metropolitan areas may require larval control methods that complement adult mosquito control using nets or spray-treated houses, especially where vectors feed outdoors. Methods and Results: Microbial parricide was applied week by week in non-randomized, automatic, network-based, but vertically supervised transport settings in the Dares Salaam metropolitan area of Tanzania. Persistent randomized group tests on the prevalence of intestinal disease and automatic, non-arbitrary recognition of entomological immunization rate resulted in the establishment of individual essential and ancillary outcomes, observed in a population of about 614,500 in 17 fully metropolitan wards covering 55 km2. Our current research was conducted at Mayo Hospital Lahore from March 2019 to February 2020. The application of Bti for one year in 3 of these districts (18 km2 with 129,500 inhabitants) reduced the unrefined annual transmission rates (Relative IRR [95% certainty interval] = 0.685 [0.491-0], 952], P = 0.024), but program viability peaked between July and September (relative IRR [CI] = 0.354 [0.194 to 0.651], P = 0.001) when 45% (9/20) of the transmission functions were observed. Parricides reduced the risk of malaria among 5-year-olds (OR [CI] = 0.285 [0.102-0.803], P = 0.018) and provided an assurance that was, in any case, equivalent to the individual use of an insecticide-sprayed net (OR [CI] = 0.765 [0.615-0.954], P = 0.016). Conclusion: In this specific situation, larviciding diminished Malaria commonness and supplemented existing security gave by bug spray treated nets. Larviciding may speak to a helpful choice for incorporated vector the executives in Asia, especially in its quickly developing metropolitan habitats.
Congruences with Eisenstein series and mu-invariants

We study the variation of μ-invariants in Hida families with residually reducible Galois representations. We prove a lower bound for these invariants which is often expressible in terms of the p-adic zeta function. This lower bound forces these μ-invariants to be unbounded along the family, and moreover, we conjecture that this lower bound is an equality. When Up − 1 generates the cuspidal Eisenstein ideal, we establish this conjecture and further prove that the p-adic L-function is simply a power of p up to a unit (i.e. λ = 0). On the algebraic side, we prove analogous statements for the associated Selmer groups which, in particular, establishes the main conjecture for such forms.
Supplementary to “Asymptotic distributions in aﬃliation networks with an increasing sequence ”

This is a supplementary material that contains proofs of the theorems 1 in main texts. We start with some notations. For a vector x = ( x 1 , . . . , x n ) (cid:62) ∈ R n , denote by (cid:107) x (cid:107) ∞ = max 1 ≤ i ≤ n | x i | the (cid:96) ∞ -norm of x . For an n × n matrix J = ( J i,j ), let (cid:107) J (cid:107) ∞ denote the matrix norm induced by the (cid:96) ∞ -norm on vectors in R n , i.e. We introduce a class of matrices. Given two positive numbers q, Q, we say the ( m + n − × m + n − 1) matrix V = ( v i,j ) belongs to the class L nm ( q, Q ) if the following holds:
Acidic pH and /J-lactam activity

Sir, Konig & Blaser (1995) recently reported the deleterious effect of pH on the synergy between /Mactams and /Mactamase inhibitors and concluded their discussion with a question regarding the possible consequence of an acidic endobronchial pH (6.5-6.7) on the in-vivo efficacy of administered /Mactams. In a study undertaken at our institution we found a marked effect of acidic pH (< 7.5) on the in-vitro activity of ^-lactams towards Burkholderia cepacia isolated from patients with cystic fibrosis (Corkill et al., 1994). Reduction in the activity of /? -lactams (piperacillin, piperacillin and tazobactam, ceftazidime and cefpirome) against B. cepacia could be achieved by two differing conditions. Firstly, incubation of sensitivity test plates in 5% CO2 in air induced 2to 13-fold increases in /? -lactamase activity compared with basal aerobic levels for 13 of 15 isolates. These did not result in sufficiently large increases to change MICs from sensitive to resistant (except for cefpirome). Secondly, on highly buffered 3-(iV-morpholino)-propane sulphonic acid media (pH range 6.0-8.0) /? -lactam activity was eliminated at pHs less than 7.5. /? -lactamase activity did not vary significantly with pH and a 36-kDa porin was present at all pHs tested. Such changes were not observed with the fully sensitive control strain (Pseudomonas aeruginosa NCTC 10662). Thus, our strains of B. cepacia were markedly affected by cultural conditions not normally used in standardised susceptibility tests. However, as alveolar CO2 is 5-6% and endobronchial pH is 6.5-6.7, perhaps our observations may indicate an added reason why /J-lactam therapy fails to eradicate B. cepacia from the respiratory tract of patients with cystic fibrosis despite laboratory susceptibility tests showing in-vitro susceptibility.
through P-Selectin Glycoprotein Ligand-1 of the Immune Response in Lymph Nodes Regulatory T Cells Suppress the Late Phase

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) maintain tolerance toward self-antigens and suppress autoimmune diseases, although the underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear. In this study, we show that mice deﬁcient for P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1) develop a more severe form of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis than wild type animals do, suggesting that PSGL-1 has a role in the negative regulation of autoimmunity. We found that Tregs lacking PSGL-1 were unable to suppress experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and failed to inhibit T cell proliferation in vivo in the lymph nodes. Using two-photon laser-scanning microscopy in the lymph node, we found that PSGL-1 expression on Tregs had no role in the suppression of early T cell priming after immunization with Ag. Instead, PSGL-1-deﬁcient Tregs lost the ability to modulate T cell movement and failed to inhibit the T cell– dendritic cell contacts and T cell clustering essential for sustained T cell activation during the late phase of the immune response. Notably, PSGL-1 expression on myelin-speciﬁc effector T cells had no role in T cell locomotion in the lymph node. Our data show that PSGL-1 represents a previously unknown, phase-speciﬁc mechanism for Treg-mediated suppression of the persistence of immune responses and autoimmunity induction. The Journal of Immunology , 2013, 191: 000–000.
On area spectrum in the Faddeev gravity

We consider Faddeev formulation of gravity, in which the metric is bilinear of $d = 10$ 4-vector fields. A unique feature of this formulation is that the action remains finite for the discontinuous fields (although continuity is recovered on the equations of motion). This means that the spacetime can be decomposed into the 4-simplices virtually not coinciding on their common faces, that is, independent. This allows, in particular, to consider a surface as consisting of a set of virtually independent elementary pieces (2-simplices). Then the spectrum of surface area is the sum of the spectra of independent elementary areas. We use connection representation of the Faddeev action for the piecewise flat (simplicial) manifold earlier proposed in our work. The spectrum of elementary areas is the spectrum of the field bilinears which are canonically conjugate to the orthogonal connection matrices. We find that the elementary area spectrum is proportional to the Barbero-Immirzi parameter $\gamma$ in the Faddeev gravity and is similar to the spectrum of the angular momentum in the space with the dimension $d - 2$. Knowing this spectrum allows to estimate statistical black hole entropy. Requiring that this entropy coincide with the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy gives the equation, known in the literature. This equation allows to estimate $\gamma$ for arbitrary $d$, in particular, $\gamma = 0.39. $ for genuine $d = 10$.
Pore-Scale Modeling of Non-Newtonian Flow in Porous Media

The thesis investigates the flow of non-Newtonian fluids in porous media using pore-scale network modeling. Non-Newtonian fluids show very complex time and strain dependent behavior and may have initial yield stress. Their common feature is that they do not obey the simple Newtonian relation of proportionality between stress and rate of deformation. They are generally classified into three main categories: time-independent, time-dependent and viscoelastic. Two three-dimensional networks representing a sand pack and Berea sandstone were used. An iterative numerical technique is used to solve the pressure field and obtain the flow rate and apparent viscosity. The time-independent category is investigated using two fluid models: Ellis and Herschel-Bulkley. The analysis confirmed the reliability of the non-Newtonian network model used in this study. Good results are obtained, especially for the Ellis model, when comparing the network model results to experimental data sets found in the literature. The yield-stress phenomenon is also investigated and several numerical algorithms were developed and implemented to predict threshold yield pressure of the network. An extensive literature survey and investigation were carried out to understand the phenomenon of viscoelasticity with special attention to the flow in porous media. The extensional flow and viscosity and converging-diverging geometry were thoroughly examined as the basis of the peculiar viscoelastic behavior in porous media. The modified Bautista-Manero model was identified as a promising candidate for modeling the flow of viscoelastic materials which also show thixotropic attributes. An algorithm that employs this model was implemented in the non-Newtonian code and the initial results were analyzed. The time-dependent category was examined and several problems in modeling and simulating the flow of these fluids were identified.