Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
USING BOX-JENKINS MODELS TO FORECAST FISHERY DYNAMICS: IDENTIFICATION, ESTIMATION, AND CHECKING

Box·Jenkins models are suggested as appropriate models for forecasting fishery dynamics. Unlike standard production models, these models are empirical, dynamic, stochastic models. Box·Jenkins models are not biased when estimating relationships between catch and effort, as are standard production models. The use of these techniques is illustrated on catch and effort data for the skipjack tuna fleet in Hawaii. An actual 12-month forecast is shown to give a reasonable fit to the observed data. Most of the discrepancies are explained by changes in the behavior of the fishermen (i.e., economic factors), rather than by lack of knowledge of the behavior of fish. Accurate forecasting models would be useful in fishery management because extended jurisdic­ tion and international agreements require pre­ seasonal predictions of the actual catch of a fleet. In addition, improved forecasts of fish availability can lead to improved planning by fishermen or by processing firms. Forecasting techniques have expanded greatly in the last years, but few have been adapted to research in fisheries manage­ ment. Instead, techniques designed to establish the equilibriurn health of the stocks are also being used to attempt dynamic forecasting. At present, two least squares procedures are being used to estimate the general production model, the search procedure of Pella and Tom­ linson (1969) and the weighted least squares of Fox (1970, 1971, 1975). The Fox procedure fits catch per unit effort against a function of lagged effort. Several authors (Chayes 1949; Eberhardt 1970; Atchley et al. 1976) have demonstrated that scaling the dependent variable (i.e., catch) by the independent variables (i.e., effort) biases the fit by introducing artificial correlation into the data. Johnston (1972) showed that ordinary least squares gave biased estimates and an in­ flated F-statistic when used with variables lagged on themselves. Neither the Fox nor the Pella­ Tomlinson procedure accounts for the effect of autocorrelated errors in the estimation procedure which Granger and Newbold (1977) and Newbold and Davies (1978) have demonstrated bias both estimation and tests of fit. An examination of the
Using an Avatar, RFID & Speech Recognition for Hands-Free Data Collection

An avatar called Autonomic Communication Exchange (ACE) has been developed by our research team. This job aid is designed for both hands-free and autonomic collection of maintenance data. Through conversational communication and other auditory, visual and paralinguistic cues, ACE collects maintenance data allowing a technician to continue performing hands-on maintenance tasks. Maintenance data collection, in this case, goes well beyond standard voice interaction, with some information collected autonomically using RFID technology—thereby creating a Smart Avatar. The current study evaluates the use of a Smart Avatar compared to traditional manual-entry-based and standard voice systems. Twelve participants were asked to complete a series of remove and replace tasks while interacting with the ACE prototype system and a K'NEX® motorized simple machine educational kit (simulating a maintenance task). While manual entry was faster than other conditions, the project goal was for hands-free maintenance. In this case, the RFID and speech interaction was the only condition significantly faster than other alternatives. Additionally, users rated the ease of use of the RFID with speech interaction higher all of the other conditions. The presence of a visual model of a human head for the avatar also increased the participant's perceived quickness and accuracy of data entry.
PVDF piezoelectric polymer

PVDF piezo polymers are new, valuable materials for sensing and actuating applications. These materials are strong candidates for new sensors that cannot be realised with piezoceramics or single crystals. The combination of the mechanical properties of a plastic material with those of a piezoelectric material led to new sensors and transducers whose design is not easy. For this reason, the characteristics and properties of piezo polymer are described as well as basic knowledge that engineers need for technical use.
Online Phylogenetics using Parsimony Produces Slightly Better Trees and is Dramatically More Efficient for Large SARS-CoV-2 Phylogenies than de novo and Maximum-Likelihood Approaches

Phylogenetics has been foundational to SARS-CoV-2 research and public health policy, assisting in genomic surveillance, contact tracing, and assessing emergence and spread of new variants. However, phylogenetic analyses of SARS-CoV-2 have often relied on tools designed for de novo phylogenetic inference, in which all data are collected before any analysis is performed and the phylogeny is inferred once from scratch. SARS-CoV-2 datasets do not fit this mould. There are currently over 10 million sequenced SARS-CoV-2 genomes in online databases, with tens of thousands of new genomes added every day. Continuous data collection, combined with the public health relevance of SARS-CoV-2, invites an “online” approach to phylogenetics, in which new samples are added to existing phylogenetic trees every day. The extremely dense sampling of SARS-CoV-2 genomes also invites a comparison between likelihood and parsimony approaches to phylogenetic inference. Maximum likelihood (ML) methods are more accurate when there are multiple changes at a single site on a single branch, but this accuracy comes at a large computational cost, and the dense sampling of SARS-CoV-2 genomes means that these instances will be extremely rare because each internal branch is expected to be extremely short. Therefore, it may be that approaches based on maximum parsimony (MP) are sufficiently accurate for reconstructing phylogenies of SARS-CoV-2, and their simplicity means that they can be applied to much larger datasets. Here, we evaluate the performance of de novo and online phylogenetic approaches, and ML and MP frameworks, for inferring large and dense SARS-CoV-2 phylogenies. Overall, we find that online phylogenetics produces similar phylogenetic trees to de novo analyses for SARS-CoV-2, and that MP optimizations produce more accurate SARS-CoV-2 phylogenies than do ML optimizations. Since MP is thousands of times faster than presently available implementations of ML and online phylogenetics is faster than de novo, we therefore propose that, in the context of comprehensive genomic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2, MP online phylogenetics approaches should be favored.
PEAK-POWER AND INTERNAL SERIES RESISTANCE MEASUREMENT UNDER NATURAL AMBIENT CONDITIONS

Quality inspection of PV-modules includes measurement of peak-power Ppk and internal series resistance R s. Peak- power is defined as maximum power under standard test conditions (STC). As the peak-power can decrease due to degradation effects, a continuous quality inspection has to be realized on-site under natural ambient conditions. Losses in the PV-modules can be described by an internal series resistance R s. An increasing R s shows internal losses as well as degrading contacts. A measuring method is presented, which can measure under natural ambient conditions and directly display the results peak-power P pk and internal series resistance R s. I-V-characteristics measured under ambient conditions can be corrected concerning temperature and irradiation according to IEC 60891. The description of the characteristic by the "effective solar cell characteristic" makes it possible to explicitely carry out the calculations for P pk. IEC 60891 also describes a method for the evaluation of the internal series resistance Rs. A graphic method is used in order to determin certain points in the I-V-characteristic, which serve as input-values for the calculation of the series resistance. The accuracy of this graphic method is limited by the accuracy of the graphically determi ned points. Using the method of the "effective solar cell characteristic" it is possible to explicitely calculate the demanded poin ts of the I-V-characteristic, thus beeing capable of explicit calculation of the series resistance R s. The method of the "effective solar cell characteristic" is presented as well as some significant results concerning P pk- and Rs-measurement under natural ambient conditions.
Impact of PV and Battery Storage on the Power Supply Reliability

The impact of PV and Battery storage system on the power supply reliability of distribution network is great. Firstly, the assumptions of the battery storage operating strategy are given, and four typical evaluation indexes are presented. Then, the impacts of different PV peak active power, different battery capacity and PV & Battery Storage on the power supply reliability are discussed. Finally, the impacts of PV, Battery and PV & Battery on the power supply reliability of distribution network are compared and analyzed. These results are provided as references for the optimal capacity configuration of PV & Battery.
The impact of scale on spatial connections: an exploratory analysis

Abstract. Quantifying the intensity of spatial connections has been a crucial topic in many research fields, such as urban transportation, migration, and trade. Researchers have proposed various models, such as the gravity model and the radiation model, to quantify the magnitude of spatial connections. Traditionally, modeling the connections (relatedness) between spatial entities is limited to the physical space, but with the rapid growth of information technologies, the scope of spatial connections extends to the virtual space. However, one topic that has not been fully studied is how spatial scale may impact spatial connections in the virtual space and how this influence can be reflected in spatial decay models. In this study, we used two types of datasets (mass media and social media data) to explore the impact of scale on fitting the distance decay coefficient. The results confirmed that spatial scale can impact the magnitude of spatial decay effects in datasets with different characteristics.
Edible medicinal plants against COVID-19 in the Middle East

All of humanity is inflicted by COVID-19 that is a pandemic respiratory illness, caused by a highly infectious form of novel Coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, discovered at the end of 2019. Some of the typical symptoms of COVID-19 patients, includes fever, dry cough, shortness of breath, acute respiratory distress syndrome, the loss of taste and smell. Herbal medicines have been traditionally used to treat cold and flu symptoms, as well as diseases of the respiratory system. Certain medicinal foods could be used as a therapy or to prevent infection and as well strengthen immunity. Many people believe that consuming herbal immunomodulators can prevent or even treat COVID-19. Many foods and herbs are also known to display antiviral and immunomodulatory activities, these immunomodulatory herbs could enhance the immune system and protect the body against COVID- 19. This paper describes 16 medicinal food plants that are used traditionally to prevent or treat viruses and other diseases, including COVID-19, and strengthen the immune system.
Strategies for Managing the Consequences of Black Swan Events

The metaphor of Black Swan refers to unpredictable events, such as September 11, 2001, that happen from time to time and have enormous consequences. The phrase originated in medieval Europe during philosophical discourses, but has become widely known subsequent to the recent publication of Nassim Nicholas Taleb’s eponymous bestseller, The Black Swan: The Impact of the Highly Improbable. Currently, civil engineers deal with the impact of extreme natural and man-made (accidental or malevolent intentional) hazards for critical facilities through a risk-based approach, where risk is a function of the likelihood of event occurrence and the resulting consequences. However, Black Swan events are not foreseeable by the usual statistics of correlation, regression, standard deviation or return periods. Expert opinions are also of minimal use since their experiences are tainted by biases and constrained by finite human life span. This inability to estimate the likelihood of occurrence for Black Swan events precludes.
To establish the accuracy of MRCP over USG & CT in diagnosing the case of obstructive Jaundice with radiological study

Aim: The aim of the radiological Study to Establish the Accuracy of MRCP over USG & CT in Diagnosing the Case of Obstructive Jaundice. Methods: Fifty patients clinically diagnosed as suffering from obstructive jaundice and total Bilirubin greater than 5mg/dl were included in this study. All the patients in the study underwent USG examination first followed by MRCP and finally CT. Results: The 100, 43 patients had benign lesions while 57 patients had malignant lesions. While MRCP and CT had diagnosed 95 lesions, USG could diagnose all the benign lesions. However USG had diagnosed several of the malignant lesions as benign. MRCP has 99% accuracy in detecting the site of obstruction followed by CT and USG. The sensitivity of MRCP and CT is the same for both modalities while it is 99% for USG. Inspite of the high sensitivity for USG, the specificity for the same is very low at 72% when compared to that of CT’s 72% and MRCP’s 97%. MRCP is again the most accurate investigation with an accuracy upto 99%. The sensitivity and specificity of MRCP is high making it more accurate while USG and CT have high sensitivity their specificities are low. The MRCP has the largest area among the three investigations, proving it to be the most efficient investigation in the detection of malignant lesions. The p value again is >0.05 making it significant. Thus MRCP is statistically more significant CT and USG in the diagnosis of obstructive jaundice. Conclusion: We concluded that, in the diagnosis of obstructive jaundice and to know the cause, site and extent of the lesion MRCP being a non-invasive, non-ionizing procedure seems to be a better choice over other radiological procedures like USG, CT or ERCP.
Design models for adsorption systems in wastewater treatment

The application of mathematical models to the design of adsorption systems as a method of purifying wastewaters is considered. The design of batch, fixed-bed, pulsed-bed, moving-bed and fluidised-bed systems for effluent treatment is discussed. A brief review of the wide range of industrial effluents and adsorbents that may be utilised in such systems is considered. Reactivation procedures are presented and the principles of minimising design costs by optimising design are given.
The Attenuation Trend of the Propeller Noise

The blade frequency noise of non-cavitation propellers in an non-uniform flow is analyzed in time domain. The unsteady loading (dipole source) on the blade surface is calculated by a potential-based panel method. Through calculation and comparison, the noise attenuation trend of propeller is discussed. The noise decays more quickly in the near field than in the far field. The Attenuation Trend of the Propeller Noise
Palpitations in the Cancer Patient

Cancer and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are among the leading causes of death worldwide. In response to the growing population of cancer patients and survivors with CVD, the sub-specialty of cardio-oncology has been developed to better optimise their care. Palpitations are one of the most common presenting complaints seen in the emergency room or by the primary care provider or cardiologist. Palpitations are defined as a rapid pulsation or abnormally rapid or irregular beating of the heart and present a complex diagnostic entity with no evidence-based guidelines currently available. Palpitations are a frequent occurrence in people with cancer, and investigations and treatment are comparable to that in the general population although there are some nuances. Cancer patients are at a higher risk of arrhythmogenic causes of palpitations and non-arrhythmogenic causes of palpitations. This review will appraise the literature with regards to the development and management of palpitations in the cancer patient.
Efficient solution and performance analysis of 3-D position estimation by trilateration

A new exact, explicit, and computationally efficient solution for three-dimensional (3-D) position estimation based on range measurements from three stations is proposed. The simple polynomial-type form of the new algorithm facilitates the performance analysis. Formulae are provided for both the variance and the bias of the position estimates. The systematic error is a joint effect of both the measurement noise and the system nonlinearity and its magnitude cannot be ignored if highly accurate localization is required. Performance evaluation results are presented for various conditions.
Passive bistatic radar based on target illuminations by digital audio broadcasting

A practical passive bistatic radar that is based on target illuminations by digital audio broadcasts is described. As with all such radars, direct signal interference (DSI) is identified as a major limitation, the effect being exacerbated by the multiplicity of illuminators. In addition, such multiplicity can also make the extraction of the original transmitted signal difficult. DSI is reduced by a combination of analogue and digital null formation and isolation by use of cross polarisation. Fast techniques are developed for signal extraction and digital null formation, allowing these operations to be achieved in real time. Both the hardware and algorithms of the system are described and representative radar observations are included to show the systems effectiveness.
Scaling down of tunnel oxynitride in NAND flash memory: oxynitride selection and reliabilities

The selection of a manufacturable furnace-grown oxynitride process and reliability issues of the scaled tunnel oxide are examined. As the oxide thickness is scaled down, the cycling endurance, read life time and program disturb characteristics in a NAND flash memory with the tunnel oxynitride are improved compared to the conventional dry oxide.
Identification of competencies required by engineers graduating in Australia

To inform continuous improvement of engineering education, this study asks, "What are the generic engineering competencies that engineers graduating in Australia require? " Competencies that were likely to be important to engineering work were identified from a broad range of literature. These were rated by 300 "established engineers" for importance to doing their jobs well. The study is the first large scale quantitative Australian study, across all engineering disciplines, to focus on established engineers rather than graduates. The engineers perceived technical, non-technical and attitudinal competencies as important. This is consistent with large scale studies in the US and Europe, and small scale studies in Australia. The results support continued expansion of curricula and diversification of pedagogies.
A guide to deal whooping cough in homoeopathy

Whooping cough, also known as pertussis or the 100-day cough, is a highly contagious bacterial disease. Initial symptoms are usually similar to those of the common cold with a runny nose, fever, and mild cough, but these are followed by weeks of severe coughing fits. Following a fit of coughing, a high-pitched whoop sound or gasp may occur as the person breathes in. Prevention is mainly by vaccination with the pertussis vaccine. Antibiotics may be used to prevent the disease in those who have been exposed and are at risk of severe disease.
Vertical coupling in multiple stacks quantum-dot semiconductor optical amplifiers

The characteristics of vertically coupled multiple stacks quantum-dot (QD) semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) are studied taking into account the effect of carrier coupling between adjacent stacks. We find that QD-SOAs that consist of a few numbers of stacks provide higher optical gain at lower applied current. Our analysis shows that the optical gain of the amplifier can be considerably enhanced due to short tunnelling lifetimes between adjacent stacks. Also, our analysis reveals that short coupling lifetimes can significantly reduce the transparency current and improve the uniformity of the active region since the net coupling rate is a linear function of the injection rate. Long coupling lifetime, on the other hand, produces non-linear and non-uniform coupling rates, which reduce the optical gain and increase the transparency current of the amplifier. We also find that the degradation in the unsaturated optical gain due to long coupling lifetimes is more severe in p-type doped QD-SOA compared with un-doped QD-SOA.
Microbial profile of corneal ulcer in a tertiary eye care hospital at Tamil Nadu

Purpose: To identify the most common etiological agent in corneal ulceration in a tertiary care eye hospital. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 patients with suspected infectious corneal ulcers presenting to ophthalmology out-patient department in Rajah Muthiah Medical College and Hospital were evaluated. Sociodemographic data and information pertaining to risk factors were recorded. All patients were examined and corneal cultures and scrapings were performed. Results: Of 50 patients microbiological etiology was established in 39 cases (78%). Of these 36(72%) were male. Of 39 positive cases 42% were fungi and 36% were bacterial and 22% showed no growth. The most common isolated fungus was fusarium (67%) followed by aspergillus (33%). Streptococci was the most common isolated bacteria. Conclusion: Routine microbiological examination of patients with corneal ulcer is necessary to analyze the changing trends of the etiology.
Determination of d and q reactances of permanent-magnet synchronous motors without measurements of the rotor position

The interest in permanent-magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) is increasing in a wide area of applications. Since most PMSMs will operate without a shaft sensor in the future, valuable information for experimental determination of machine parameters will be lost. In this paper, therefore, a method is presented where the induced EMF and the d-axis reactance are determined in a no-load test and the q-axis reactance is determined in a load test. The load angle /spl delta/ is determined from the load test by means of a new analytical method. In this way, no separate measurement of the load angle is required. The method is especially suitable for line-start PMSMs which normally operate with negative d-axis current and, therefore, are not saturated in the d-axis flux paths. Moreover, the method is very simple to carry out for any laboratory technician, since the only tests that have to be made are standard tests which are made on standard induction motors on a regular basis.
Curtailing smartphone use: a field experiment evaluating two interventions

ABSTRACT This field experiment aimed to address the issue of problematic smartphone usage (PSU) by examining the effectiveness of two frequently advised techniques to deal with PSU: moving problematic applications to a different page of the phone and changing the phone into greyscale. For one week, 97 student participants used their smartphone under one of the following three conditions: move app, greyscale, or control condition. Compared to the week before the intervention, participants significantly reduced their objective smartphone usage, but their self-reported PSU increased. These effects also emerged in the control group, which might have been due to heightened awareness of the participants of their smartphone usage. A major implication of the study is the need of using multiple outcome measures to understand the complex relationship between perceptions and behaviour. This study could be used as a blueprint for future research examining the effectiveness of interventions in the field of PSU.