Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Telehealth Use to Address Cardiovascular Disease and Hypertension in the United States: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, 2011–2021

Background: The use of telehealth for the management and treatment of hypertension and cardiovascular disease (CVD) has increased across the United States (U.S.), especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Telehealth has the potential to reduce barriers to accessing health care and improve clinical outcomes. However, implementation, outcomes, and health equity implications related to these strategies are not well understood. The purpose of this review was to identify how telehealth is being used by U.S. health care professionals and health systems to manage hypertension and CVD and to describe the impact these telehealth strategies have on hypertension and CVD outcomes, with a special focus on social determinants of health and health disparities. Methods: This study comprised a narrative review of the literature and meta-analyses. The meta-analyses included articles with intervention and control groups to examine the impact of telehealth interventions on changes to select patient outcomes, including systolic and diastolic blood pressure. A total of 38 U.S.-based interventions were included in the narrative review, with 14 yielding data eligible for the meta-analyses. Results: The telehealth interventions reviewed were used to treat patients with hypertension, heart failure, and stroke, with most interventions employing a team-based care approach. These interventions utilized the expertise of physicians, nurses, pharmacists, and other health care professionals to collaborate on patient decisions and provide direct care. Among the 38 interventions reviewed, 26 interventions utilized remote patient monitoring (RPM) devices mostly for blood pressure monitoring. Half the interventions used a combination of strategies (e.g., videoconferencing and RPM). Patients using telehealth saw significant improvements in clinical outcomes such as blood pressure control, which were comparable to patients receiving in-person care. In contrast, the outcomes related to hospitalizations were mixed. There were also significant decreases in all-cause mortality when compared to usual care. No study explicitly focused on addressing social determinants of health or health disparities through telehealth for hypertension or CVD. Conclusions: Telehealth appears to be comparable to traditional in-person care for managing blood pressure and CVD and may be seen as a complement to existing care options for some patients. Telehealth can also support team-based care delivery and may benefit patients and health care professionals by increasing opportunities for communication, engagement, and monitoring outside a clinical setting.
Status-impact assessment: is accuracy linked with status motivations?

Abstract Abstract Status hierarchies are ubiquitous across cultures and have been over deep time. Position in hierarchies shows important links with fitness outcomes. Consequently, humans should possess psychological adaptations for navigating the adaptive challenges posed by living in hierarchically organised groups. One hypothesised adaptation functions to assess, track, and store the status impacts of different acts, characteristics and events in order to guide hierarchy navigation. Although this status-impact assessment system is expected to be universal, there are several ways in which differences in assessment accuracy could arise. This variation may link to broader individual difference constructs. In a preregistered study with samples from India (N = 815) and the USA (N = 822), we sought to examine how individual differences in the accuracy of status-impact assessments covary with status motivations and personality. In both countries, greater overall status-impact assessment accuracy was associated with higher status motivations, as well as higher standing on two broad personality constructs: Honesty–Humility and Conscientiousness. These findings help map broad personality constructs onto variation in the functioning of specific cognitive mechanisms and contribute to an evolutionary understanding of individual differences.
A Study of 179 Patients with Degenerative Stenosis of the Lumbosacral Spine to Evaluate Differences in Quality of Life and Disability Outcomes at 12 Months, Between Conservative Treatment and Surgical Decompression

Background This prospective study included 179 patients with degenerative stenosis of the lumbosacral spine and aimed to evaluate the outcomes of conservative treatment and surgical decompression on quality of life and disability over 12 months. Material/Methods The surgery group consisted of 96 patients with degenerative stenosis of the lumbosacral spine who qualified for surgical decompression, while the conservative-treatment group included 83 patients who qualified for conservative treatment. We used the Satisfaction with Life Scale questionnaire, the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (FACIT-F) questionnaire, the Visual Analog Scale to assess the severity of pain, the Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire to assess the degree of disability, and the Sexual Satisfaction Scale at 0, 1, 6, and 12 months after treatment. Results Statistical analysis showed a positive relationship between conservative and surgical treatment and quality of life (P<0.05). A significant reduction in the severity of pain (P<0.05) and the degree of disability (P<0.05) were both recorded during the 12-month followup period in both groups. Women of both groups declared significantly lower satisfaction than men at every time point (P<0.05). Conclusions Most patients in both groups declared an improvement in their quality of life, with the surgery group showing a higher percentage of responses that their quality of life had improved. Based on the results obtained from the FACIT-F questionnaire, degenerative stenosis of the lumbosacral spine had a non-root effect on the patients’ lives in the surgery group.
Establishment and assessment of a preclinical model of acute kidney injury induced by contrast media combined acute myocardial ischemia reperfusion surgery

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in clinical practice, and the majority of previous preclinical models were induced by a single factor. The objective of the present study was to establish a stable preclinic model of AKI induced by contrast media (CM) with acute myocardial ischemia reperfusion surgery and to identify the effect of oxidative stress on kidney injury. Rats were treated individually or with CM or myocardial ischemia reperfusion surgery. Renal baseline and AKI parameters, the level of oxidative stress and histopathological images were examined along with AKI biomarkers. Results showed the incidence of AKI in the CM group and ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) group was 40%, χ2 test (P<0.05 vs. CM-IRI) and 35%, χ2 test (P<0.05 vs. CM-IRI) and the combination group had the highest incidence rate 75%. IRI surgery combined with CM diminished kidney function and induced oxidative stress by increasing creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and reactive oxygen species levels. Western blotting showed that the early AKI biomarker of NGAL and KIM-1 increased and that the combination group had the highest value. Pathology damage exhibited severe kidney damage in the combination group compared with other control groups. The present research established a reliable preclinic model of post-AMI AKI with a stable and high postoperative AKI rate. Additionally, CM was demonstrated to exacerbate AKI caused by acute myocardial infarction through oxidative stress and, thus, oxidative stress may be a potential therapeutic target.
TOA estimation of channel data in multipath environment

Indoor geolocation technique based on the time-of-arrival (TOA) has advantages of low cost, high accuracy compared with other location technologies. However, traditional TOA estimation methods based on signal correlation or peak finding have difficulty keeping high ranging accuracy and robustness in multipath conditions. To address the problem, an efficient and easily-implemented algorithm as a high-resolution TOA estimator in multipath environments is presented in this paper. Numerical simulation is conducted to verify the performance of the proposed TOA estimation algorithm. Results show the algorithm outperforms conventional method in estimation accuracy and robustness.
Unsupervised Multi-level Segmentation Framework for PolSAR Data using H-Alpha features and the Combined Edge- Region based segmentation

PolSAR (Polimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar) has been shown to be a powerful source of information. As a result of using up to four measurement channels at the same time, which increases the processing depth, it offers information about the geometrical and physical characteristics of objects. However, operating the PolSAR system to its full imaging potential requires significant computing power. In this study, a framework for fully polarimetric SAR image segmentation is proposed, in which the PolSAR signal is decomposed into four components that represent the eigenvectors of the autocovariance matrix corresponding to signals and clutter. The Unsupervised segmentation framework possesses two main processing levels. First level is the data preprocessing, including mean coherency matrix calculation, speckle reduction and polarimetric feature decomposition. Second level include the initial cluster Centers estimation, and edge-region based algorithm. This is achieved by using the combined H-Alpha and (averaged Intensity) lambda features derived from the target decomposition of the PolSAR data. Finally, k-Means clustering based on the Wishart distribution is used to optimize the iterative clustering by merging the clusters with the minimum Wishart distance. The proposed framework is applied on (Flevoland and San_Francisco Bay). The images are selected to react differently with different polarization. The performance evaluation based on qualitative (Visual) and quantitative assessments. Visual assessment provides an excellent information on clarity and delineation of different classes. It is applicable for applications need an accurate statistical information. Quantitative evaluations provide more accurate results for separating different classes in the images. The proposed algorithm is compared to the traditional Cloude-Pottier classification method. The results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm accuracy reaches (88.6 %) with error (0.114), advances over the traditional Cloude-Pottier method with accuracy (84.6 %) and error (0.154).
QuadGlider: Towards the Design and Control of a Bio-Inspired Multi-Modal UAV with Compliant Wings

Multirotors have become the most popular UAV or aerial robot category due to their structural simplicity and ability to take off and land vertically. However, most multirotors suffer from short airborne time and range due to limited battery capacity. Thus we propose a novel hybrid multirotor design, QuadGlider, to increase its capability of traveling long distances with minimal battery consumption. QuadGlider is inspired by the body structure and gliding mechanism of gliding animals. The airframe design of QuadGlider imitates flying squirrels' skeletal and muscular structure with implementation of servo motor to actuate its compliant membrane wings. Therefore, it can transition from quadrotor flight mode to forward gliding mode via morphing and lowering motor speeds to save power. In this work, we first present the conceptual design of QuadGlider. Next, we model its flight dynamics in different gliding scenarios. Then, the design is verified in computational fluid dynamics simulations of gliding scenarios with angles of attack of $0^{\mathrm{o}}-30^{\mathrm{o}}$. At last, preliminary gliding experiments are conducted at low Reynolds numbers of around $Re=4_{*}7_{*}\times 10^{5}$ The equilibrium glide simulation gives a maximum glloe rauo of 4.27: 1 at a takeoff velocity of 14.0 m/s, while the experimental result indicates a glide ratio of 2.97: 1 at a takeoff velocity of 4.17 m/s.
Comparison of Adiponectin Levels in Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, Binge-Eating Disorder, Obesity, Constitutional Thinness, and Healthy Controls: A Network Meta-Analysis

Adiponectin is a protein hormone that is produced and secreted primarily by adipose tissue. The levels of adiponectin in those with eating disorders, obesity, and healthy controls have been extensively studied. However, the general picture of the differences in adiponectin levels across the mentioned conditions is still unclear and fragmented. In this study, we pooled previous studies and performed a network meta-analysis to gain a global picture of comparisons of adiponectin levels across eating disorders, obesity, constitutional thinness, and healthy controls. Electronic databases were searched for anorexia nervosa, avoidant restrictive food intake disorder, binge-eating disorder, bulimia nervosa, healthy controls, night eating syndrome, obesity, and constitutional thinness in studies where adiponectin levels were measured. A total of 4262 participants from 50 published studies were included in the network meta-analysis. Adiponectin levels were significantly higher in participants with anorexia nervosa than in healthy controls (Hedges’ g = 0.701, p < 0.001). However, adiponectin levels in constitutionally thin participants were not significantly different from those of healthy controls (Hedges’ g = 0.470, p = 0.187). Obesity and binge-eating disorder were associated with significantly lower adiponectin levels compared to those of healthy controls (Hedges’ g = −0.852, p < 0.001 and Hedges’ g = −0.756, p = 0.024, respectively). The disorders characterized by excessive increases or decreases in BMI were associated with significant changes in adiponectin levels. These results suggest that adiponectin may be an important marker of severely disequilibrated homeostasis, especially in fat, glucose, and bone metabolisms. Nonetheless, an increase in adiponectin may not simply be associated with a decrease in BMI, as constitutional thinness is not associated with a significant increase in adiponectin.
Power and Sample Size for MANOVA and Repeated Measures with the GLMPOWER Procedure

Power analysis helps you plan a study that has a controlled probability of detecting a meaningful effect, giving you conclusive results with maximum efficiency. SAS/STAT ® provides two procedures for performing sample size and power computations: the POWER procedure provides analyses for a wide variety of different statistical tests, and the GLMPOWER procedure focuses on power analysis for general linear models. In SAS/STAT 13.1, the GLMPOWER procedure has been updated to enable power analysis for multivariate linear models and repeated measures studies. Much of the syntax is similar to the syntax of the GLM procedure, including both the new MANOVA and REPEATED statements and the existing MODEL and CONTRAST statements. In addition, PROC GLMPOWER offers flexible yet parsimonious options for specifying the covariance. One such option is the two-parameter linear exponent autoregressive (LEAR) correlation structure, which includes other common structures such as AR(1), compound symmetry, and first-order moving average as special cases. This paper reviews the new repeated measures features of PROC GLMPOWER, demonstrates their use in several examples, and discusses the pros and cons of the MANOVA and repeated measures approaches.
Comparison of Diagnostic Value of the SARC-F and Its Four Modified Versions in Polish Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Purpose Sarcopenia is associated with adverse outcomes in elderly persons, including functional disability, falls, and even death. Therefore, older adults should be routinely screened for sarcopenia. Due to the unsatisfactory sensitivity of the SARC-F questionnaire, four modified versions have been elaborated: SARC-CalF, SARC-F+EBM, SARC-F+AC, and SARC-CalF+AC. The diagnostic performance of the four modifications of SARC-F has yet to be compared. Materials and Methods We performed the sensitivity/specificity analysis and compared the overall diagnostic accuracy of the five questionnaires in 260 community-dwelling volunteers aged ≥ 60 yrs from Poland. The study was performed against three reference standards: the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP1), EWGSOP2, and modified EWGSOP2 criteria. Results The prevalence of sarcopenia based on these criteria was 20.8%, 11.2%, and 17.3%, respectively. Concerning the three reference standards, the sensitivity of SARC-F, SARC-CalF, SARC-F+EBM, SARC-F+AC, and SARC-CalF+AC ranged from 31.5–44.8%, 57.4–65.5%, 48.1–62.1%, 71.4–79.2% and 71.4–79.2%, respectively. The specificity ranged from 86.6–87.4%, 86.1–90.3%, 82.3–84.0%, 69.4–78.2%, and 72.1–79.7%, respectively. The AUCs of SARC-F, SARC-CalF, SARC-F+EBM, SARC-F+AC, and SARC-CalF+AC ranged from 0.643–0.700, 0.757–0.792, 0.740–0.775, 0.767–0.812 and 0.771–0.852, respectively. Conclusion The SARC-F questionnaire has low diagnostic accuracy, which limits its usefulness as a sarcopenia screening tool. Incorporating two simple anthropometric measurements, ie, arm and calf circumference, notably improves the diagnostic performance of SARC-F. Based on our results, SARC-CalF+AC seems to be the best screening tool for sarcopenia screening in community-dwelling older adults.
Temporal development of high-performance translational teams

Abstract Successful translation involves the coupled application of knowledge-generating research with product development to advance a device, drug, diagnostic, or evidence-based intervention for clinical adoption to improve human health. Critical to the success of the CTSA consortium, translation can be more effectively accomplished by training approaches that focus on improving team-emergent knowledge skills and attitudes (KSAs) linked to performance. We earlier identified 15 specific evidence-informed, team-emergent competencies that facilitate translational team (TT) performance. Here, we examine the SciTS literature describing developmental, temporal dynamics, and adaptive learning stages of interdisciplinary teams and integrate these with real-world observations on TT maturation pathways. We propose that TTs undergo ordered developmental phases, each representing a learning cycle that we call Formation, Knowledge Generation, and Translation. We identify major activities of each phase linked to development goals. Transition to subsequent phases is associated with a team learning cycle, resulting in adaptations that enabling progression towards clinical translation. We present known antecedents of stage-dependent competencies and rubrics for their assessment. Application of this model will ease assessment, facilitate goal identification and align relevant training interventions to improve performance of TTs in the CTSA context.
Impact of carbon co-implantation on boron distribution and activation in silicon studied by atom probe tomography and spreading resistance measurements

The impact of carbon (C) co-implantation on boron (B) activation in crystalline silicon was investigated. The detailed distribution of B and C atoms and B activation ratios dependent on the C ion-implantation energies were examined based on three-dimensional spatial mappings of B and C obtained by atom probe tomography and from depth profiles of their concentrations from secondary ion mass spectrometry and depth profiles of carrier concentrations with spreading resistance measurements. At all C implantation energies (8, 15, and 30 keV), B out-diffusion during activation annealing was reduced, so that more B atoms were observed in the C co-implanted samples. The carrier concentration was decreased throughout the entire implanted region for C implantation energies of 15 and 30 keV, although it was only increased at greater depths for C co-implantation at 8 keV. Two different effects of C co-implantation, (I) reduction of B out-diffusion and (II) influence of B activation, were confirmed.
The logarithmic method and the solution to the TP2-completion problem

PAGE A matrix is called TP2 if all 1-by-1 and 2-by-2 minors are positive. A partial matrix is one with some of its entries specified, while the remaining, unspecified, entries are free to be chosen. A TP2-completion, of a partial matrix T, is a choice of values for the unspecified entries of T so that the resulting matrix is TP2 . The TP2-completion problem asks which partial matrices have a TP2-completion. A complete solution is given here. It is shown that the Bruhat partial order on permutations is the inverse of a certain natural partial order induced by TP2 matrices and that a positive matrix is TP 2 if and only if it satisfies certain inequalities induced by the Bruhat order. The Bruhat order on permutations is generalized to a partial order, GBr, on nonnegative matrices, and the concept of majorization is generalized to a partial order, DM, on nonnegative matrices. It is shown that these two partial orders are inverses of each other on the set of nonnegative matrices. Using this relationship and the Hadamard exponential transform on nonnegative matrices, explicit conditions for TP2-completability of a given partial matrix are given. It is shown that an m-by-n partial TP2 matrix Tis TP2-completable if and only if IT t:ji ~ 1 for every matrix A = (aij) E Mm,n having (1) tii specified aij = 0 if tij is unspecified; (2) each row sum and each column sum of A is zero; and (3) L aij ~ 0, for all (p,q) E {1,2, . ,m} x {1,2, . ,n}. l:Si:Sp l:Sj:Sq However, there may be infinitely many such conditions, and some of them may be obtainable from others. In order to find a set of minimal conditions, the theory of cones and generators, and the logarithmic method are used. It is shown that the set of matrices used in the exponents of the inequalities forms a finitely generated cone with integral generators. This gives finitely many polynomial inequalities on the specified entries of a partial matrix of given pattern as conditions for TP2-completability. A computational scheme for explicitly finding the generators is given and the combinatorial structure of TP 2-completable pattern is investigated.
Double-sided Row Hammer Effect in Sub-20 nm DRAM: Physical Mechanism, Key Features and Mitigation

The double-sided row hammer (rh) effect at the silicon level for sub-20 nm dynamic random access memory (DRAM) is systematically investigated for the first time. Based on 3D TCAD simulation, the impacts of capacitive crosstalk and electron migration are investigated. The latter with trap assistance is found the dominant mechanism behind the enhancement of 1 failure and the alleviation of 0 failure for double-sided rh. Moreover, rh dependences on data pattern, timing parameters and technology nodes are compared under different rh conditions. A trade-off of retention time (tret) between 1 failure and 0 failure should be considered when suppressing the double-sided rh effect. With the co-optimization of key process parameters, tret for double-sided rh-induced 1 failure can be improved by 220 times.