Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Expanded Preequilibrium CEM Model with CEM03.03 and Experimental Data, FY2013

Emission of light fragments (LF) from nuclear reactions is an open question. Different reaction mechanisms contribute to their production; the relative roles of each, and how they change with incident energy, mass number of the target, and the type and emission energy of the fragments is not completely understood. None of the available models are able to accurately predict emission of LF from arbitrary reactions. However, the ability to describe production of LF (especially at energies $\gtrsim 30$ MeV) from many reactions is important for different applications, such as cosmic-ray-induced Single Event Upsets (SEUs), radiation protection, and cancer therapy with proton and heavy-ion beams, to name just a few. The Cascade-Exciton Model (CEM) version 03.03 and the Los Alamos version of the Quark-Gluon String Model (LAQGSM) version 03.03 event generators in Monte Carlo N-Particle Transport Code version 6 (MCNP6) describe quite well the spectra of fragments with sizes up to $^{4}$He across a broad range of target masses and incident energies (up to $\sim 5$ GeV for CEM and up to $\sim 1$ TeV/A for LAQGSM). However, they do not predict the high-energy tails of LF spectra heavier than $^4$He well. Most LF with energies above several tens of MeV are emitted during the precompound stage of a reaction. The current versions of the CEM and LAQGSM event generators do not account for precompound emission of LF larger than $^{4}$He. The aim of our work is to extend the precompound model in them to include such processes, leading to an increase of predictive power of LF-production in MCNP6. Extending our models to include emission of fragments heavier than $^4$He at the precompound stage has already provided preliminary results that have much better agreement with experimental data.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of a mobile application on the adherence of patients with atrial fibrillation

A – Study Design, B – Data Collection, C – Statistical Analysis, D – Data Interpretation, E – Manuscript Preparation, F – Literature Search, G – Funds Collection Background. To date, no research on the adherence of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) within the territory of Kazakhstan and Central Asia has been conducted. Objectives. The study aimed to investigate the effect of a mobile application on adherence in patients diagnosed with AF and treated in outpatient clinics. In addition, the reliability of a structured scale for assessing adherence in patients with atrial fibrillation was also validated. Material and methods. A prospective one-centre study was conducted on 599 patients diagnosed with AF at the City Cardiology Centre (Almaty, Kazakhstan). Patients were sub-divided into control (CG) and intervention (IG) groups. Patients in the IG group used the MyTherapy mobile app. Treatment adherence was assessed using the 14-item Lebanese Drug Adherence Scale (LMAS-14). Data was collected before starting therapy (T1) and 3 months (T2), 6 months (T3) and 12 months (T4) after the start of treatment. Results. In the T1 period, the adherence of patients in the CG and IG groups was average ( p = 0.547). After 3 months (T2), adherence of participants in the IG group (39.1 ± 1.3) was significantly higher than in the CG group ( p ≤ 0.05). In the T3 period, patients of the IG group had a high adherence equal to 38.3 ± 1.6 ( p ≤ 0.05). After 12 months (T4), the respondents in the IG group retained high adherence rates equal to 38.9 ± 3.2 ( p = 0.001). An estimate of the readmission rate within 12 months shows relatively low rates in the IG group (9.8%). Conclusions. The results of the study showed the effectiveness of using the MyTherapy mobile app for increasing adherence in patients with AF. In addition, the use of the LMAS-14 facilitated and optimised the assessment of the level of adherence in patients with AF.
Condition Monitoring of Oil-immersed Transformers Using AI Edge Inference for Incipient Fault Prediction: A case study

The question of transformer dependability and reliability remains a salient feature in determining the stability of the power supply system. Transformers are amongst the most costly and crucial components of the transmission and distribution network. Every year in Kenya, about 3866 distribution transformer failures are witnessed, representing a failure rate of about 6%. A post-mortem examination of the failed transformers revealed that 99.1% of these failures are caused by faults that progressively deteriorate. These failures are costly since they cumulatively result in more than 25,000 hours of power outages annually. Considering Kenya’s development agenda and industrialization priorities outlined in Vision 2030, this state is exceedingly undesirable. In this paper, a machine learning multinomial classification model is deployed to the edge of the network for condition monitoring of power transformer units. Specifically, oil-immersed transformers are considered. The model was built using the edge impulse service. From the results, an accuracy of 99.9% was attained, which shows that the edgedeployed machine learning model DGA can perform well even when deployed to the edge of the network. This study therefore recommends that the use of machine learning models for condition monitoring of power transformers should be explored further as this will aid in the efficient assessment, addressing, and acting on developing issues detected on transformer units.
Recovering the pulse profiles and polarization position angles of some pulsars from interstellar scattering

Interstellar scattering causes broadening and distortion in the mean pulse profiles and polarization position angle (PPA) curves of pulsars, especially pulse profiles observed at lower frequencies. This paper implements a method to recover the pulse profiles and PPA curves of five pulsars which have obvious scattered pulse profiles at lower frequency. It reports a simulation to show the scattering and descattering of pulse profiles and PPA curves, and as a practical application the lower frequency profiles and PPA curves of PSR 1356–60, PSR 1831–03, PSR 1838+04, PSR 1859+03 and PSR 1946+35 are obtained. It is found that the original pulse profiles and PPA curves can be recovered.
KINEMATICS AND CHEMISTRY OF STARS ALONG THE SAGITTARIUS TRAILING TIDAL TAIL AND CONSTRAINTS ON THE MILKY WAY MASS DISTRIBUTION

We present three-dimensional (3D) kinematics of Sagittarius (Sgr) trailing tidal debris in six fields located 70°–130° along the stream from the Sgr dwarf galaxy core. The data are from our proper-motion (PM) survey of Kapteyn's Selected Areas, in which we have measured accurate PMs to faint magnitudes in ∼40′ × 40′ fields evenly spaced across the sky. The radial velocity (RV) signature of Sgr has been identified among our follow-up spectroscopic data in four of the six fields and combined with mean PMs of spectroscopically confirmed members to derive space motions of Sgr debris based on ∼15–64 confirmed stream members per field. These kinematics are compared to predictions of the Law & Majewski model of Sgr disruption; we find reasonable agreement with model predictions in RVs and PMs along Galactic latitude. However, an upward adjustment of the local standard of rest velocity (ΘLSR) from its standard 220 km s−1 to at least 232 ± 14 km s−1 (and possibly as high as 264 ± 23 km s−1) is necessary to bring 3D model debris kinematics and our measurements into agreement. Satisfactory model fits that simultaneously reproduce known position, distance, and RV trends of the Sgr tidal streams, while significantly increasing ΘLSR, could only be achieved by increasing the Galactic bulge and disk mass while leaving the dark matter halo fixed to the best-fit values from Law & Majewski. We derive low-resolution spectroscopic abundances along this stretch of the Sgr stream and find a constant [Fe/H] ∼ −1.15 (with ∼0.5 dex scatter in each field—typical for dwarf galaxy populations) among the four fields with reliable measurements. A constant metallicity suggests that debris along the ∼60° span of this study was all stripped from Sgr on the same orbital passage.
Multi-Objective Material Generation Algorithm (MOMGA) for Optimization Purposes

Optimization is a process of decision-making in which some iterative procedures are conducted to maximize or minimize a predefined objective function representing the overall behavior of a considered system problem. Most of the time, one specific function cannot represent the overall behavior of a system with particular levels of complexity, so the multiple objective functions should be determined for this purpose which requires an algorithm with adaptability to this situation. Multi-objective optimization is a process of decision making in which maximization or minimization of multiple objective functions is considered for reaching the acceptable levels of performance for the considered system problem. In this paper, the multi-objective version of the Material Generation Algorithm (MGA) is proposed as MOMGA, one of the recently developed metaheuristic algorithms for single-objective optimization. To evaluate the overall performance of the MOMGA, the benchmark multi-objective optimization problems of the Competitions on Evolutionary Computation (CEC) are considered alongside the real-world engineering problems. Based on the results, the MOMGA is capable of providing very acceptable results in dealing with multi-objective optimization problems.
Travelling solitons in the externally driven nonlinear Schrödinger equation

We consider the undamped nonlinear Schrödinger equation driven by a periodic external force. In the absence of damping, solitons do not have undulations on their tails; yet, we show that they can bind into stationary multisoliton complexes. Using two previously known stationary solitons and two newly found stationary complexes as starting points, we obtain classes of localized travelling waves by the numerical continuation in the parameter space. Two families of stable solitons are identified: one family is stable for sufficiently low velocities while solitons from the second family stabilize when travelling faster than a certain critical speed. The stable solitons of the former family can also form stably travelling bound states.
PARTITION FORCING AND INDEPENDENT FAMILIES

Abstract We show that Miller partition forcing preserves selective independent families and P-points, which implies the consistency of $\mbox {cof}(\mathcal {N})=\mathfrak {a}=\mathfrak {u}=\mathfrak {i}<\mathfrak {a}_T=\omega _2$ . In addition, we show that Shelah’s poset for destroying the maximality of a given maximal ideal preserves tight mad families and so we establish the consistency of $\mbox {cof}(\mathcal {N})=\mathfrak {a}=\mathfrak {i}=\omega _1<\mathfrak {u}=\mathfrak {a}_T=\omega _2$ .
Aplicación de tecnologías Semánticas y de Blockchain para la integración horizontal en el ámbito de la Industria 4.0

Este trabajo presenta los avances del proyecto de tesis “Aplicación de tecnologías semánticas y Blockchain para la integración horizontal en el ámbito de la industria 4.0”, de la carrera de doctorado en Ingeniería mención Industrial de la Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. El objetivo es la definición e implementación de una infraestructura que soporte el modelado semántico de contratos inteligentes para alcanzar la trazabilidad de origen y gestión de la cadena de suministro en el contexto de la industria 4.0. La infraestructura constará de Ontologías de dominio que permita la representación del conocimiento de las empresas que hacen parte de la cadena de suministro, Ontologías que formalicen la semántica de los smart contracts y una red de Ontologías que abarquen las anteriores, una ontología de referencia con los conceptos comunes y una definición de los mapeos comunes para realizar el alineamiento entre los conceptos pertenecientes a las distintas ontologías de la red.
Obstacles and Challenges Confronting Tonga Revitalisation in Zimbabwe

Abstract Language revitalisation initiatives are often faced with numerous socio- economic and political challenges which, if not mitigated, could overwhelm them. Using three schools of thought on language revitalisation, namely the Proponents, the Pessimists, and the Opponents, this article examines how internal and external challenges affected the language revitalisation initiative of the endangered Tonga speech community in Zimbabwe. It argues that endangered speech communities are often misconstrued as homogeneous and willing to fight and die for their languages. This study, however, reveals that endangered speech communities are intricate heterogeneous entities in which competing interests may jeopardise the revitalisation process. The study identifies six factors which obstructed the process of Tonga revitalisation. The most significant factors were the lack of a standardised variety of Tonga, the legacy of discriminatory language policies in Zimbabwe, and the opposition of politicians.
Current-sheet formation in two-dimensional coronal fields

The formation of current sheets by shearing motions in line-tied twin-lobed fields is examined. A general analytic argument shows that current sheets form along the fieldline bounding the two lobes in the case of both symmetric and asymmetric footpoint motions. In the case of strictly antisymmetric motions however no current sheets can form. These findings are reinforced by magnetic relaxation experiments involving sheared two-lobed fields represented by Clebsh variables. It is pointed out that, although current singularities cannot be expected to form when the line-tying assumption is relaxed, the two-lobed geometry is still consistent with the formation of highly localised currents - and strong resistive dissipation - along field lines close to the bounding fieldline
Special features of the thermal Casimir effect across a uniaxial anisotropic film

We investigate the thermal Casimir force between two parallel plates made of different isotropic materials which are separated by a uniaxial anisotropic film. Numerical computations of the Casimir pressure at T=300K are performed using the complete Lifshitz formula adapted for an anisotropic intervening layer and in the nonrelativistic limit. It is shown that the standard (nonrelativistic) theory of the van der Waals force is not applicable in this case, because the effects of retardation contribute significantly even for film thicknesses of a few nanometers. We have also obtained simple analytic expressions for the classical Casimir free energy and pressure for large film thicknesses (high temperatures). Unlike the case of isotropic intervening films, for two metallic plates the classical Casimir free energy and pressure are shown to depend on the static dielectric permittivities of an anisotropic film. One further interesting feature is that the classical limit is achieved at much shorter separations between the plates than for a vacuum gap. Possible applications of the obtained results are discussed.
Observational Probes of Dark Energy

The cause for the observed acceleration in the expansion of the universe is unknown, and referred to as "dark energy" for convenience. Dark energy could be an unknown energy component, or a modification of Einstein's general relativity. This dictates the measurements that are optimal in unveiling the nature of dark energy: the cosmic expansion history, and the growth history of cosmic large scale structure. I will examine Type Ia supernovae and galaxy clustering as dark energy probes, and discuss recent results and future prospects.
Distributions of molecules in the circumnuclear disk and surrounding starburst ring in the Seyfert galaxy NGC 1068 observed with ALMA

Sensitive observations with ALMA allow astronomers to observe the detailed distributions of molecules with relatively weak intensity in nearby galaxies. In particular, we report distributions of several molecular transitions including shock and dust related species ($^{13}$CO $J$ = 1--0, C$^{18}$O $J$ = 1--0, $^{13}$CN $N$ = 1--0, CS $J$ = 2--1, SO $J_N$ = 3$_2$--2$_1$, HNCO $J_{Ka,Kc}$ = 5$_{0,5}$--4$_{0,4}$, HC$_3$N $J$ = 11--10, 12--11, CH$_3$OH $J_K$ = 2$_K$--1$_K$, and CH$_3$CN $J_K$ = 6$_K$--5$_K$) in the nearby Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC 1068 observed with the ALMA early science program. The central $\sim$1 arcmin ($\sim$4.3 kpc) of this galaxy was observed in the 100 GHz region covering $\sim$96--100 GHz and $\sim$108--111 GHz with an angular resolution of $\sim4"\times2"$ (290 pc$\times$140 pc) to study the effects of an active galactic nucleus and its surrounding starburst ring on molecular abundances. Here, we present images and report a classification of molecular distributions into three main categories: (1) Molecules concentrated in the circumnuclear disk (CND) (SO $J_N$ = 3$_2$--2$_1$, HC$_3$N $J$ = 11--10, 12--11, and CH$_3$CN $J_K$ = 6$_K$--5$_K$), (2) Molecules distributed both in the CND and the starburst ring (CS $J$ = 2--1 and CH$_3$OH $J_K$ = 2$_K$--1$_K$), (3) Molecules distributed mainly in the starburst ring ($^{13}$CO $J$ = 1--0 and C$^{18}$O $J$ = 1--0). Since most of the molecules such as HC$_3$N observed in the CND are easily dissociated by UV photons and X-rays, our results indicate that these molecules must be effectively shielded. In the starburst ring, the relative intensity of methanol at each clumpy region is not consistent with those of $^{13}$CO, C$^{18}$O, and CS. This difference is probably caused by the unique formation and destruction mechanisms of CH$_3$OH.
Intellectual Capital on Financial Performance of Nigerian Companies

Intellectual capital efficiency measurement is a major problem facing managers of companies because of its intangible nature; thus, there is difference between book-value and market value of assets of the companies. Hence, this work investigated the intellectual capital (IC) efficiency on companies’ performance of 117 quoted firms in Nigeria between 2018 and 2019 periods using Pulic Value Added Intellectual Coefficient (VAIC) Model. Data were sourced through secondary means from audited annual reports of the sample. The data gathered were analysed with both Pearson correlation and regression analysis to test the study hypotheses. The results of the study revealed that there is positive significant relationship between Human Capital efficiency, Return on Equity and Return on Asset. The study further revealed positive and significant relationship between Structural Capital Efficiency, Return on Equity and Return on Asset. But out of three control variables only sector was significant with structural capital efficiency. The study concluded that intellectual capital efficiencies influence companies’ performance of the sampled companies. The study recommended that management of the sampled companies should give priority to policies that will improve employees’ capability and organizational structure.
A nonparametric dynamic additive regression model for longitudinal data

In this work we study additive dynamic regression models for longitudinal data. These models provide a flexible and nonparametric method for investigating the time-dynamics of longitudinal data. The methodology is aimed at data where measurements are recorded at random time points. We model the conditional mean of responses given the full internal history and possibly time-varying covariates. We derive the asymptotic distribution for a new nonparametric least squares estimator of the cumulative time-varying regression functions. Based on the asymptotic results, confidence bands may be computed and inference about time-varying coefficients may be drawn. We propose two estimators of the cumulative regression function. One estimator that involves smoothing and one that does not. The latter, however, has twice the variance as the smoothing based estimator. Goodness of fit of the model is considered using martingale residuals. Finally, we also discuss how partly-conditional mean models in which the mean of the response is regressed onto selected time-varying covariates may be analysed in the same framework. We apply the methods to longitudinal data on height development for cystic fibrosis patients.
NEUTRINO AND COSMIC-RAY RELEASE FROM GAMMA-RAY BURSTS: TIME-DEPENDENT SIMULATIONS

We revisit the neutrino and ultra-high-energy cosmic-ray (UHECR) production from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) with time-dependent simulations for the proton-induced cascades. This method can generate self-consistent photon, neutrino, and escaped neutron spectra. To obtain the integrated background spectra, we take into account the distributions of the burst luminosity and pulse duration timescale. A benchmark case with standard GRB luminosity function, a bulk Lorentz factor Γ = 300, and a proton to gamma-ray luminosity fraction fp = 10 is consistent with both the neutrino upper limits and the observed UHECR intensity at ∼1020 eV, while requiring a different type of UHECR source at the ankle. For the benchmark case, the GRBs in the bright end of the luminosity function, which contribute most of the neutrinos, have their photon spectrum substantially distorted by secondary photons. Such bright GRBs are few in number, and reducing their fp eliminates the distortion and reduces the neutrino production. Even if we neglect the contribution of the brightest GRBs, the UHECR production rate at energies corresponding to the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin limit is almost unchanged. These nominal GRB models, especially with Liso ≲ 1053 erg s−1, appear to meet the current constraints as far as being candidate UHECR sources above the ankle energy.
CMB Imprints of a Pre-Inflationary Climbing Phase

We discuss the implications for cosmic microwave background (CMB) observables, of a class of pre-inflationary dynamics suggested by string models where SUSY is broken due to the presence of D-branes and orientifolds preserving incompatible portions of it. In these models the would-be inflaton is forced to emerge from the initial singularity climbing up a mild exponential potential, until it bounces against a steep exponential potential of ``brane SUSY breaking'' scenarios, and as a result the ensuing descent gives rise to an inflationary epoch that begins when the system is still well off its eventual attractor. If a pre-inflationary climbing phase of this type had occurred within 6-7 e-folds of the horizon exit for the largest observable wavelengths, displacement off the attractor and initial-state effects would conspire to suppress power in the primordial scalar spectrum, enhancing it in the tensor spectrum and typically superposing oscillations on both. We investigate these imprints on CMB observables over a range of parameters, examine their statistical significance, and provide a semi-analytic rationale for our results. It is tempting to ascribe at least part of the large-angle anomalies in the CMB to pre-inflationary dynamics of this type.
Exact solutions of temperature-dependent Smoluchowski equations

We report a number of exact solutions for temperature-dependent Smoluchowski equations (TDSEs). These equations quantify the ballistic agglomeration, where the evolution of densities of agglomerates of different size is entangled with the evolution of the mean kinetic energy (partial temperatures) of such clusters. The obtained exact solutions may be used as a benchmark to assess the accuracy and computational efficiency of the numerical approaches, developed to solve the TDSEs. Moreover, they may also illustrate the possible evolution regimes in these systems. The exact solutions have been obtained for a series of model rate coefficients, and we demonstrate that there may be an infinite number of such model coefficient which allow exact analysis. We compare our exact solutions with the numerical solutions for various evolution regimes; an excellent agreement between numerical and exact results proves the accuracy of the exploited numerical method.