Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
External Training Load and the Association With Back Pain in Competitive Adolescent Tennis Players: Results From the SMASH Cohort Study

Background: In young tennis players, high loads on the spine and high training volumes in relation to age are associated with a high lifetime prevalence of back pain. The primary aim of this study was to investigate if accumulated external workload “spikes” in the acute:chronic workload ratio (ACWR) of tennis training, match play, and fitness training, and if high or low workload/age ratio were associated with back pain events in competitive adolescent tennis players. Additional aims were to report the incidence of back pain stratified by sex and level of play and to describe the characteristics of players with back pain. Hypothesis: Rapid increases in external workload are associated with the incidence of back pain. Study Design: Cohort study of 198 competitive tennis players, 13 to 19 years, with a weekly follow-up for 52 consecutive weeks. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: Accumulated external workload spikes (uncoupled ACWR >1.3), and the workload/age ratio, were time-varying exposures in Cox regression analyses with the outcome back pain (pain intensity ≥2/10 in the lower back and/or in the upper back/neck with a pain-related disability). Results: For each additional workload spike in tennis training/match play, the hazard rate ratio (HRR) was 1.17 (95% CI, 1.06-1.28) for back pain. The corresponding HRR for fitness training was 1.13 (95% CI, 1.05-1.22). Training workload/age ratio was not related to back pain. Conclusion: Accumulated external workload spikes of tennis training, match play, and/or fitness training are associated with a higher rate of back pain events in competitive adolescent tennis players. Clinical Relevance: Back pain is a troublesome clinical problem that may affect the performance of talented young tennis players. Structuring the training schedule to minimize rapid increases (ie, spikes) of training load on a weekly basis may enhance performance and reduce back pain in adolescent tennis players.
A novel study: hypermnesia for books read years ago

ABSTRACT Memory can increase across repeated tests without any further study, a finding known as hypermnesia (e.g., Erdelyi, M. H., & Kleinbard, J. (1978). Has Ebbinghaus decayed with time? The growth of recall (hypermnesia) over days. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, 4(4), 275–289). This study is the first to examine hypermnesia in a recognition test over long delays between learning and test. The current experiment examined hypermnesia for popular novels across retention spans of up to 10 years. Participants took two tests separated by 24 hours on a novel they had previously read. The tests had identical questions presented in a different order. We found hypermnesia across the recognition tests, which was due to within-test memory improvements. Hypermnesia decreased as a function of retention time due to increased item losses at longer delays. We propose a guessing hypothesis to account for this result and suggest that increased item losses are in part due to greater instability of memory at longer intervals.
The Listener Effect in Multitalker Speech Segregation and Talker Identification

Over six decades ago, Cherry (1953) drew attention to what he called the “cocktail-party problem”; the challenge of segregating the speech of one talker from others speaking at the same time. The problem has been actively researched ever since but for all this time one observation has eluded explanation. It is the wide variation in performance of individual listeners. That variation was replicated here for four major experimental factors known to impact performance: differences in task (talker segregation vs. identification), differences in the voice features of talkers (pitch vs. location), differences in the voice similarity and uncertainty of talkers (informational masking), and the presence or absence of linguistic cues. The effect of these factors on the segregation of naturally spoken sentences and synthesized vowels was largely eliminated in psychometric functions relating the performance of individual listeners to that of an ideal observer, d′ideal. The effect of listeners remained as differences in the slopes of the functions (fixed effect) with little within-listener variability in the estimates of slope (random effect). The results make a case for considering the listener a factor in multitalker segregation and identification equal in status to any major experimental variable.
Evaluation of Neuroprotective Effects of Sugammadex Following a Head Trauma in an Experimental Study

Abstract To compare the efficacy of mannitol, the first choice of treatment in daily clinical practice for head trauma, and sugammadex, a frequently used neuroanesthesia in recent years. A total of 35 male rats were randomly selected and were divided into 5 groups, each comprising 7 rats. The groups were divided into Group I, sham (n = 7); Group II, control (head trauma, n = 7); Group III, treated with mannitol (head trauma, mannitol 20% 1 g/kg, n = 7); Group IV, treated with sugammadex (head trauma, sugammadex 100 mg/ kg, n = 7); and Group V, treated with mannitol and sugammadex (head trauma, mannitol 20% 1 g/kg and sugammadex 100 mg/kg, n = 7). After the sacrification, histological examination and immu-nohistochemical staining were performed in the brain of all subjects. Mann-Whitney U test was used to evaluate the significance between neuronal density, neuronal nuclei, and activated caspase-3 immunohistochemistry results measured from the prefrontal cortex. Neuronal density showing neuronal viability was observed to significantly increase in Group III compared to Group IV. However, neuronal nuclei immunohistochemistry showing apoptotic neurons also significantly increased. The present study has shown that sugammadex, an agent reversing the effects of neuromuscular blocking agents, has neuroprotective effects and is as effective as mannitol.
Personalized Remote Mobile Surveys of Adult ADHD Symptoms and Function: A Pilot Study of Usability and Utility for Pharmacology Monitoring

Objective: Validate the usability and treatment-sensitivity of a remote SMS-based ADHD monitoring method. Method: 206 adults taking stimulants for ADHD participated. Participants selected ADHD symptoms and functional impairments that they anticipated to be stimulant-sensitive, which were rated via mobile messages up to 20 times over 10 days. Results: A majority of participants found it only somewhat or not at all difficult to identify an ADHD symptom sensitive to presence of stimulant medication, and 79% responded to at least one survey message. As expected, a majority of participants endorsed it was “easy” to participate, and less burdensome than a paper diary. Surveys significantly discriminated between on and off medication states, both between days, and within the same day. Conclusion: Our findings suggest SMS-based monitoring of patient-selected ADHD-related challenges is both feasible and sensitive to stimulant treatment. This remote assay method may be a meaningful adjunct to in-visit treatment monitoring
Neuropsychological performance in young adults with cannabis use disorder

Background and Aims: Cannabis is a commonly used recreational drug in young adults. The worldwide prevalence in 18- to 25-year-olds is approximately 35%. Significant differences in cognitive performance have been reported previously for groups of cannabis users. However, the groups are often heterogeneous in terms of cannabis use. Here, we study daily cannabis users with a confirmed diagnosis of cannabis use disorder (CUD) to examine cognitive performance on measures of memory, executive function and risky decision-making. Methods: Forty young adult daily cannabis users with diagnosed CUD and 20 healthy controls matched for sex and premorbid intelligence quotient (IQ) were included. The neuropsychological battery implemented was designed to measure multiple modes of memory (visual, episodic and working memory), risky decision-making and other domains of executive function using subtests from the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB). Results: Our results showed that young adult daily cannabis users with CUD perform significantly poorer on tasks of visual and episodic memory compared with healthy controls. In addition, executive functioning was associated with the age of onset. Conclusions: Further research is required to determine whether worse performance in cognition results in cannabis use or is a consequence of cannabis use. Chronic heavy cannabis use during a critical period of brain development may have a particularly negative impact on cognition. Research into the persistence of cognitive differences and how they relate to functional outcomes such as academic/career performance is required.
Cytoreductive Surgery versus Systemic Chemotherapy alone in Isolated Peritoneal Carcinomatosis of Colorectal Origin.

OBJECTIVE To compare the overall survival and progression-free survival of front-line cytoreductive surgery (CRs) ± hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy versus intensive systemic chemotherapy alone, in patients with isolated peritoneal carcinomatosis of colorectal origin. STUDY DESIGN Descriptive study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY Departments of Medical Oncology and Surgical Oncology in University of Health Sciences, Umraniye Education and Research Hospital, from January 2017 to January 2020. METHODOLOGY Clinicopathological data of patients presented with isolated peritoneal carcinomatosis were categorised into two groups according to their treatment type as patients who received intensive systemic chemotherapy alone or underwent front-line CRS ± HIPEC. Overall and progression-free survival outcomes of the two approaches were quantified by survival analysis and compared with each other. The other collected variables were age, gender, performance status, tumor site and type of systemic chemotherapy. RESULTS Overall, 109 patients were included. The median progression-free survival of patients treated with cytoreductive surgery ± hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy was 12 months; whereas, it was 9 months in those treated with intensive systemic chemotherapy alone (p=0.011). The median overall survival was estimated as 32 months in patients treated with cytoreductive surgery ± hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy, compared with 23 months for those treated with systemic chemotherapy alone (p=0.715). CONCLUSION Although not translated into overall survival gain, extended progression-free survival, may give an advantage to cytoreductive surgery ± hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy when used with intensive systemic chemotherapy in the individualised treatment of isolated peritoneal carcinomatosis of colorectal carcinoma. Key Words: Colorectal carcinoma, Cytoreductive surgery, Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy, Overall survival, Peritoneal carcinomatosis, Systemic chemotherapy.
Affect dynamics and well-being: explanatory power of the model of intraindividual variability in affect (MIVA)

ABSTRACT Affective experience is inherently dynamic and short-term changes in affect are supposed to offer important insights into well-being. Past years have shown a tremendous rise in investigations into the relation between affect dynamics and well-being. The indicators that have been introduced to capture unique dynamical aspects of affect, however, have been criticised for being purely statistical measures without theoretical foundation and were shown to have little added value for explaining well-being over and above mean levels of affect. To address these concerns, we applied our newly developed theory-based MIVA model to data on daily affective experience. The MIVA model allows estimating parameters for anchoring, reactivity, and regulation based on affective states in combination with daily events. Everyday affective experience was measured with a high temporal resolution, multiple indicators of well-being (e.g. life satisfaction, depression) were assessed, and the incremental value of the MIVA model parameters in predicting well-being was determined. The MIVA model parameters reflect essential processes that accounted for observed fluctuations in affective experience. Incremental validity for predicting well-being over and above mean levels of affect, however, was low. Together, our results suggest that research on affect dynamics needs to identify how affect dynamics can be assessed more validly.
[Recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of mucormycosis].

毛霉菌病是由毛霉菌引起的威胁生命的新兴真菌感染，在免疫功能低下患者（如血液系统恶性肿瘤、造血干细胞移植，实体器官移植和糖尿病患者）中，具有较高的发病率和病死率。 毛霉菌病的临床表现因宿主而异，最常见的是鼻-眶-脑、肺、皮肤感染。 由于毛霉菌病的临床表现不具有特异性，使得临床诊断和治疗具有极大挑战。 本文介绍毛霉菌病的流行特点、临床表现、诊断以及治疗策略，以期为毛霉菌病的诊治提供参考。
Objective determination of peripheral edema in heart failure patients using short-wave infrared molecular chemical imaging

Abstract. Significance: Peripheral pitting edema is a clinician-administered measure for grading edema. Peripheral edema is graded 0, 1 + , 2 + , 3 + , or 4 + , but subjectivity is a major limitation of this technique. A pilot clinical study for short-wave infrared (SWIR) molecular chemical imaging (MCI) effectiveness as an objective, non-contact quantitative peripheral edema measure is underway. Aim: We explore if SWIR MCI can differentiate populations with and without peripheral edema. Further, we evaluate the technology for correctly stratifying subjects with peripheral edema. Approach: SWIR MCI of shins from healthy subjects and heart failure (HF) patients was performed. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to discriminate the two populations. PLS regression (PLSR) was applied to assess the ability of MCI to grade edema. Results: Average spectra from edema exhibited higher water absorption than non-edema spectra. SWIR MCI differentiated healthy volunteers from a population representing all pitting edema grades with 97.1% accuracy (N = 103 shins). Additionally, SWIR MCI correctly classified shin pitting edema levels in patients with 81.6% accuracy. Conclusions: Our study successfully achieved the two primary endpoints. Application of SWIR MCI to monitor patients while actively receiving HF treatment is necessary to validate SWIR MCI as an HF monitoring technology.
Contact Information Flow and Design of Compliance

Identifying changes in contact during contact-rich manipulation can detect task state or errors, enabling improved robustness and autonomy. The ability to detect contact is affected by the mechatronic design of the robot, especially its physical compliance. Established methods can design physical compliance for many aspects of contact performance (e.g. peak contact force, motion/force control bandwidth), but are based on time-invariant dynamic models. A change in contact mode is a discrete change in coupled robot-environment dynamics, not easily considered in existing design methods.Towards designing robots which can robustly detect changes in contact mode online, this paper investigates how mechatronic design can improve contact estimation, with a focus on the impact of the location and degree of compliance. A design metric of information gain is proposed which measures how much position/force measurements reduce uncertainty in the contact mode estimate. This information gain is developed for fully- and partially-observed systems, as partial observability can arise from joint flexibility in the robot or environmental inertia. Hardware experiments with various compliant setups validate that information gain predicts the speed and certainty with which contact is detected in (i) monitoring of contact-rich assembly and (ii) collision detection.
Bipolar Molecular Outflow from M17

Kinematics of the molecular clouds in the star forming complex M17 is studied using the high-resolution CO-line mapping data at resolution (20 ∼ 0.2 pc) with the Nobeyama 45-m telescope. The northern molecular cloud of M17, which we call the molecular ”lobe”, is shown to have an elongated shell structure around a top-covered cylindrical cavity. The lobe is expanding at ∼ 5 km s in the minor axis direction, and at ∼ 3/ cos i km s in the major axis direction, where i is the inclination of the major axis. The kinetic energy of the expanding motion is on the order of ∼ 3× 10 ergs. We show that the lobe is a backyard structure having the common origin to the denser molecular ”horn” flowing out from NGC 6618 toward the south, so that the lobe and horn compose a bipolar outflow. Intensity distributions across the lobe and horn show a double-peak profile typical for a cylinder around a cavity. Position-velocity diagrams (PVD) across the lobe and horn exhibit open ring structure with the higher and/or lower-velocity side(s) being lacking or faded. This particular PVD behavior can be attributed to outflow in a conical cylinder with the flow velocity increasing toward the lobe and horn axes.
A phase-field model for electro-mechanical fracture with an open-source implementation of it using Gridap in Julia

In this paper, we propose a phase-field model for electro-mechanical fracture in brittle materials and provide an open-source implementation of the proposed model using a newly developed finite element (FE) toolbox, Gridap in Julia. Here, we have considered electric potential as an additional kinematic descriptor along with the displacement and phase-field variable. Using the virtual power principle, we have derived force balances for the electro-mechanical forces and a force balance associated with the damage. To incorporate the strong electro-mechanical coupling effect into the model, we have considered the Helmholtz free energy as a function of the electric field vector, strain tensor, phase-field variable, and the gradient of the phase-field variable. The proposed model ensures that the constitutive relations of the thermodynamic fluxes are on the satisfaction of the thermodynamic laws and can readily accommodate dissipative energy effects whenever needed. The proposed model provides complex crack paths as a solution to the governing partial differential equations (PDEs), and thus bypasses the need for re-meshing, enrichment of FE shape functions, and an explicit tracking of the crack surfaces. The use of Gridap makes the FE implementation of the proposed model exceedingly compact and user-friendly requiring very low memory usage and providing a high degree of flexibility to the users in defining weak forms of the governing PDEs. We have validated the proposed model and its implementation against a compact tension test on a single edge notched plate and a set of three-point bending tests on a notched beam made of lead zirconium titanate (PZT)-4 piezoelectric ceramics.
Temporal Team Semantics Revisited

In this paper, we study a novel approach to asynchronous hyperproperties by reconsidering the foundations of temporal team semantics. We consider three logics: , and , which are obtained by adding quantification over so-called time evaluation functions controlling the asynchronous progress of traces. We then relate synchronous to our new logics and show how it can be embedded into them. We show that the model checking problem for with Boolean disjunctions is highly undecidable by encoding recurrent computations of non-deterministic 2-counter machines. Finally, we present a translation from to Alternating Asynchronous Büchi Automata and obtain decidability results for the path checking problem as well as restricted variants of the model checking and satisfiability problems.
A randomized quantum algorithm for statistical phase estimation

Phase estimation is a quantum algorithm for measuring the eigenvalues of a Hamiltonian. We propose and rigorously analyze a randomized phase estimation algorithm with two distinctive features. First, our algorithm has complexity independent of the number of terms L in the Hamiltonian. Second, unlike previous L-independent approaches, such as those based on qDRIFT, all algorithmic errors in our method can be suppressed by collecting more data samples, without increasing the circuit depth.
Semi-classical defect measure and internal stabilization for the semilinear wave equation subject to Zarembaboundary conditions

In this article we exploite the uniform decay for damped linear wave equation with Zaremba boundary condition, obtained in a previous work, to treat the same problem in nonlinear context. We need a uniqueness assumption, usual for this type of nonlinear problem. The result is deduced from an observation estimate for nonlinear problem proved by a contradiction argument.
Gravitational spin-orbit dynamics at the fifth-and-a-half post-Newtonian order

Accurate waveform models are crucial for gravitational-wave data analysis, and since spin has a significant effect on the binary dynamics, it is important to improve the spin description in these models. In this paper, we derive the spin-orbit (SO) coupling at the fifth-and-a-half post-Newtonian (5.5PN) order. The method we use splits the conservative dynamics into local and nonlocal-in-time parts, then relates the local-in-time part to gravitational self-force results by exploiting the simple mass-ratio dependence of the post-Minkowskian expansion of the scattering angle. We calculate the nonlocal contribution to the 5.5PN SO dynamics to eighth order in the small-eccentricity expansion for bound orbits, and to leading order in the large-eccentricity expansion for unbound orbits. For the local contribution, we obtain all the 5.5PN SO coefficients from first-order self-force results for the redshift and spin-precession invariants, except for one unknown that could be fixed in the future by second-order self-force results. However, by incorporating our 5.5PN results in the effective-onebody formalism and comparing its binding energy to numerical relativity, we find that the remaining unknown has a small effect on the SO dynamics, demonstrating an improvement in accuracy at that order.
Real-Time Wave Mitigation for Water-Air OWC Systems via Beam Tracking

In a water-air optical wireless communication (OWC) channel, dynamic ocean waves may significantly deflect the light beam from its original direction, thus deteriorating the communication performance. In this letter, a beam tracking system to mitigate wave-induced communication degradation is experimentally demonstrated. By employing the beam tracking on the PAM6 system, a maximum of 486% improvement (from 140 Mb/s to 820 Mb/s) in throughput is realized at a 1.2-m air distance for an average wave slope changing rate of 0.34 rad/s. For PAM4 signals, the packet loss rate reduces significantly from 75% to 11%, and a maximum throughput of 1.25 Gb/s is achieved.
Constructing k-local parent Lindbladians for matrix product density operators

Matrix product density operators (MPDOs) are an important class of states with interesting properties. Consequently, it is important to understand how to prepare these states experimentally. One possible way to do this is to design an open system that evolves only towards desired states. A Markovian evolution of a quantum mechanical system can be generally described by a Lindbladian. In this work we develop an algorithm that for a given (small) linear subspace of MPDOs determines if this subspace can be the stable space for some frustration free Lindbladian consisting of only local terms and, if so, outputs a suitable Lindbladian.