Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Robust Low-Profile, Electrically Small, Unidirectional Mixed-Multipole Antenna Integrated With a Ground Surface

An innovative design of an electrically small, unidirectional mixed-multipole antenna (UMMA) compatible with a metal ground that has robust performance characteristics is developed for operation in the 915 MHz ISM-band. It incorporates both a ground-based magnetic near-field resonant parasitic (NFRP) element and a driven composite electric element. The magnetic NFRP element is integrated into the ground surface. This arrangement increases the insensitivity of the UMMA to its presence. A prototype was fabricated and tested. The measured results, in good agreement with their simulated values, demonstrate that the UMMA is electrically small (ka = 0.96) and low-profile (0.038λ0). The robustness of the design is demonstrated with it maintaining its attractive broadside unidirectional performance when the UMMA is positioned arbitrarily on the ground for different sizes of that metal surface. The prototype's measured fractional bandwidth, peak realized gain, front-to-back ratio, and overall efficiency values are, respectively, 1.09%, 3.54 dBi, 15.26 dB, and 70.1%. Along with its wide beamwidth and simple low-cost realization, these properties are appealing to a variety of space-limited, narrow band, and low-power terminal devices and their applications.
Dissimilar FTA Strategies of Japan and the United States: An Analysis of the Product-Specific Rules of Origin*

Abstract This paper investigates the trade restrictiveness of product-specific rules of origin (PSRs) in the comprehensive sets of free trade agreements (FTAs) for Japan and the United States, focusing on their similarities and dissimilarities. The most distinctive dissimilarities are the major PSR types and their variation among FTAs. Japan's FTAs use the selective type (“change in tariff classification [CTC] or regional value content [RVC]”) most intensively. In contrast, a few U.S. FTAs use RVC and others use CTC most intensively, and the distribution of simplified PSR types appears to be almost the same among FTAs in each group. The detailed PSR types, however, are likely to be more heterogeneous and complicated in U.S. FTAs than in Japan's FTAs. Such dissimilar features are more salient in machinery sectors with dense global value chains (GVCs)/international production networks (IPNs). The quantitative estimates suggest that the selective types utilized by Japan for most machinery products are much less trade-restrictive, while certain complicated types adopted by the United States for many machinery products are substantially trade-restrictive. Our detailed investigation revealed the two countries’ contrasting strategies, namely, Japan appears to aggressively utilize FTAs with less restrictive PSRs to enhance GVCs/IPNs, while the United States tends to make PSRs more restrictive and complicated in detail as a sort of disguised protection tool.
Composite Polymer Granules Based on Poly-ε-Caprolactone and Montmorillonite Prepared by Solution-Casting and Melt Extrusion

Eco-friendly polymer composites in the form of granules based on biodegradable polycaprolactone (PCL) with the inclusion of montmorillonite (MMT) from 5 to 50 wt% were prepared by solution-casting and melt extrusion. The physicochemical properties of the composite granules were studied using FTIR spectroscopy, XRDA, DSC, and TGA methods. The paper presents comparative values of crystallinity of composite granules which depend on the method of measuring (XRDA, DSC). It was shown that the crystallinity of PCL/MMT granules was affected by the preparation method and by the MMT content, and that with increase in MMT content, crystallinity increased by up to 61–67%. The change in crystallinity of the granules also affected its biodegradation in soil. At the end of exposure in soil, the mass loss for the granules prepared by solution-casting was more than 90%, whereas for the composite granules prepared by extrusion it was less than 60%. Applying melt extrusion enabled obtaining intercalated composites with predictable features, whereas only mixed-structure microcomposites could be prepared by solution-casting.
Central and peripheral analgesic active components of triterpenoid saponins from Stauntonia chinensis and their action mechanism

Triterpenoid saponins from Stauntonia chinensis have been proven to be a potential candidate for inflammatory pain relief. Our pharmacological studies confirmed that the analgesic role of triterpenoid saponins from S. chinensis occurred via a particular increase in the inhibitory synaptic response in the cortex at resting state and the modulation of the capsaicin receptor. However, its analgesic active components and whether its analgesic mechanism are limited to this are not clear. In order to further determine its active components and analgesic mechanism, we used the patch clamp technique to screen the chemical components that can increase inhibitory synaptic response and antagonize transient receptor potential vanilloid 1, and then used in vivo animal experiments to evaluate the analgesic effect of the selected chemical components. Finally, we used the patch clamp technique and molecular biology technology to study the analgesic mechanism of the selected chemical components. The results showed that triterpenoid saponins from S. chinensis could enhance the inhibitory synaptic effect and antagonize the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 through different chemical components, and produce central and peripheral analgesic effects. The above results fully reflect that “traditional Chinese medicine has multi-component, multi-target, and multi-channel synergistic regulation”.
Responsibility Division for Harmonic Instability in the Multi-Paralleled Grid-Connected Inverters System Based on Impedance Analysis

In the multi-paralleled grid-connected inverters system, harmonic oscillations may be deteriorated or even lead to system instability by the coupling between the inverters and the grid impedance. This paper presents a quantify method to determine which inverters contribute more to the harmonic instability so that the corresponding inverters can be removed quickly or targeted oscillation suppression measures can be taken to restore the system to stable operation. In the method, a contribution factor (CF $_{\mathrm {i}}$ ) is defined which can quantitatively represent the responsibility of each inverter to system instability. The CFi are calculated by analyzing the variation of system stability margin after different inverters are removed based on the bode diagram, therefore, according to the corresponding CFi, which inverters have a significant impact on harmonic instability can be determined under different grid impedances. Besides used in the parallel system with different types of inverters (PSDI), the CFi can also be used for the parallel system with identical inverters (PSII) to determine the number of inverters that need to be removed to restore the system to stable operation. The reasonableness and effectiveness of the proposed method are verified by simulation results.
Eeg Monitoring Under the Exposure Of Light in the Spectrum of Maximum Activation of Intrinsically Photosensitive Retinal Ganglion Cells

In addition to vision, the mammalian retina can engage in light-dependent nonvisual responses such as melatonin suppression and pupillary constriction are also possible. The mammalian retina is capable of participating in light-dependent nonvisual responses like melatonin suppression, pupillary constriction, increase in body temperature and heart rate, and modulation of cortical brain activity. EEG rhythms of humans during short-term exposure of the retina to blue light in the spectrum of maximum response of RGCs for daytime wakefulness were studied. The purpose of our work was to study human EEG rhythms during short-term exposure of the retina to blue light in the spectrum of maximum sensitivity of ipRGCs during daytime wakefulness. EEG was recorded using monopolar 128-channel system. Within 2 minutes of light exposure with the maximum envelope in the area of 480 nm in the daytime received EEG response in the form of synchronization in the low- and mid-range (teta2-, alpha1) and de-synchronization in high-frequency (gamma and beta 2) EEG bands. Neurophysiological response of EEG rhythms in the perception of the subjects of short-wave electromagnetic radiation manifested in the first minute of exposure. It is assumed that the circadian system regulates the cognitive and psychosomatic functions of the brain with the participation of beta-2 and gamma quantization.
Prevalence of Anxiety, Depression, and Perceived Stress Among Family Caregivers of Patients Diagnosed With Oral Cancer in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Central India: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background and objectives Oral cancer is a significant health issue in India, with one of the highest incidence rates globally. Family caregivers play a crucial role in the care of oral cancer patients, but their mental health often faces challenges. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of anxiety, depression, and perceived stress among family caregivers of oral cancer patients in a tertiary care hospital in central India and explore the associated psychosocial factors. Population and method The study was carried out between March 2023 and August 2023 in a tertiary care hospital in Wardha, Maharashtra. Family caregivers (N=82, mean age = 36.1 (SD 10.5) years) of patients with clinically diagnosed oral cancer were subjected first to structured psychiatric clinical interviews to screen for psychiatric diagnoses and then were given self-reporting questionnaires for socio-demographic data, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) for measuring the emotional, cognitive, and motivational symptoms of depression, Manifest Anxiety Scale (MAS) to assess the degree of anxiety and Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10) to assess stress level. Data was analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 26.0 (Released 2019; IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, United States). Chi-square test and logistic regression analyses were conducted wherever appropriate in order to explore predictive factors of depressive, anxious, or stress symptoms. Result In the studied population, the majority experienced symptoms of depression (65.1%), anxiety (69.5%), and perceived stress (74.7%). Caregivers of patients with advanced oral cancer were found to have a higher likelihood of experiencing depression (χ2 (1) = 16.76, p < . 001) and anxiety related to unemployment (χ2 (1) = 10.12, p = . 001) or insufficient earnings (χ2 (1) = 28.63, p < . 001). Additionally, participants with no or little formal education (χ2 (1) = 4.63, p = 0.031) and lower income (χ2 (1) = 28.63, p < . 0001) were significantly more likely to experience distress compared to those with higher levels of education. Conclusion This study highlights the need for comprehensive support systems for family caregivers of oral cancer patients. Educational programs, financial assistance, and mental health services should be tailored to caregivers' specific needs. Early identification and intervention strategies can help mitigate the psychological impact of caregiving. Further research is essential to develop targeted interventions that enhance the well-being of caregivers and improve the quality of life for both patients and caregivers.
EMPREGO DA DIMENSÃO FRACTAL PARA SEPARAR CLASSES DE TEXTURA PRESENTES NUMA AEROFOTO DA CIDADE DE PORTO ALEGRE

Neste estudo, e investigada a utilizacao de uma medida chamada dimensao fractal para fins de classificacao de imagens digitais. A dimensao fractal e capaz de quantificar as caracteristicas espaciais das superficies geradas a partir das imagens de sensoriamento remoto, especialmente a textura destas superficies. Os valores de dimensao fractal sao calculados pixel a pixel, segundo o metodo dos Prismas Triangu-lares e posteriormente organizados num formato matricial ou raster, em uma estrutura similar a uma ima-gem digital, podendo ser denominados de bandas fractais. Estas bandas fractais podem ser utilizadas de forma semelhante as tradicionais bandas espectrais em classificadores convencionais. Esta hipotese foi testada com uma aerofoto digitalizada da cidade de Porto Alegre - RS. Observou-se que as imagens fractais, embora apresentem qualidade visual inferior, proporcionam maior separabilidade entre as classes presentes e possibilitam a obtencao de indices de acerto maiores nas classificacoes, quando comparadas com a imagem espectral. USE OF FRACTAL DIMENSION TO SEPARATE TEXTURAL CLASSES IN AN AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH OF THE CITY OF PORTO ALEGRE Abstract Interest is currently growing in the use of spatial attributes for automatic classification of digital images, as is clearly demonstrated by the increasing number of scientific papers on the topic. The reason for this interest is that some classes in natural scenes are not easily distinguished by the spectral features (urban areas, for instance). Urban areas, in particular, are better defined by spatial attributes, such as texture. This research explores the use of fractal dimension to characterize and separate textural classes present in an aerial photograph of Porto Alegre, capital city of the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The fractal dimension can be considered as a measure of the spatial complexity of surfaces generated from remotely-sensed images and it is calculated here over moving windows with 7x7 and 9x9 pixels, using the Triangular Prism method. By using a moving window, it was possible to organise the data in a format similar to that used in spectral bands, thus obtaining fractal-dimension bands, which were converted to digital counter values (between 0 and 255). The Bhattacharya distance was used to estimate the separability between pairs of classes, and Gaussian maximum likelihood was used to classify pixels in the images composed of both fractal and spectral bands. The stronger differentiation between classes, together with the high percentage of successes in test samples, shows that the fractal approach can be useful in automatic classification procedures and in situations where the spectral information alone is not sufficient to distinguish the classes successfully.
Physical Factors Controlling Large Shape Memory Effect in FCC ↔ HCP Martensitic Transformation in CrMnFeCoNi High-Entropy-Alloy Single Crystals

A study was carried out on the effect of the level of external stresses, σex, and test temperature on the shape memory effect (SME), governed by the FCC ↔ HCP martensitic transformation, in single crystals of the Cr20Mn20Fe20Co34.5Ni5. 5 (at.%) high-entropy alloy (HEA) along two different crystallographic orientations, i.e., [1¯23] and [011], under tensile strain. It was shown that the SME depends on the crystal orientation and the level of external stresses, σex, in the “cooling-heating” cycle under constant σex. In the “cooling-heating” cycle under constant σex, a maximum SME of 13.6 ± 0.2% was observed in [011]-oriented crystals at an external tensile stress of 150 MPa while in the [1¯23]-oriented crystals, a SME of 8.4 ± 0.2% was found under an external tensile stress of 170 MPa. In the “stress-strain” cycle, the maximum SME had similar values of 13–14% in studied orientations. General physical factors (the stress level of the FCC phase, short-range order, and change in the value of dislocation splitting in the external stress field) were established and ensured a large SME and its dependence on the crystal orientation in the Cr20Mn20Fe20Co34.5Ni5. 5 HEA single crystals. For the studied orientations, a large SME in the FCC ↔ HCP MT was obtained for the first time.
A German-Wide Systematic Study on Mobilization and Collection of Hematopoietic Stem Cells in Poor Mobilizer Patients with Multiple Myeloma prior to Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation

Introduction: In patients with a clinical indication for autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT), sufficient mobilization of CD34+ precursor cells into peripheral blood is essential to ensure adequate hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) collection prior to intensive therapy. However, with standard granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF)-based mobilization schemes, an important minority of patients fail to mobilize sufficient (e.g., >10/µL) CD34+ cell counts into the peripheral blood and are considered as poor mobilizers (PM). Because failure to achieve sufficient CD34+ cell mobilization can negatively affect important clinical treatment endpoints, the use of plerixafor (PLX) was approved to increase CD34+ mobilization in PM patients. Methods: The German non-interventional, multicenter, open-label, prospective OPTIMOB study evaluated HSC mobilization strategies prior to planned ASCT in adult patients with hematologic malignancies (lymphomas or multiple myeloma [MM]) focusing on PM patients. PM patients were defined as follows: (1) never achieving ≥20 CD34+ cells/µL before 1st apheresis, (2) receiving PLX at any timepoint of mobilization, (3) their initially planned stem cell yield had to be reduced, or (4) they had not received apheresis due to low CD34+ count in peripheral blood. Results: 168 of 475 MM patients (35%) participating in the OPTIMOB study were classified as PM, and 155 of them (92%) received PLX (PM+PLX) during the study. PM patients were 40–78 years old, slightly more often male (n = 97, 58%), mostly newly diagnosed (n = 146, 87%) and received highly individualized previous treatments. Ninety-four of the PMs underwent chemotherapy mobilization (65%), and 51 patients (35%) received steady-state mobilization with G-CSF only during 1st mobilization attempt. 92% of the total PM population (n = 155) underwent apheresis, 78% of them (n = 117) achieved >2.0 × 106 CD34+ cells/kg body weight on the 1st day of apheresis. PM+PLX had a higher median total collection result than those PM patients without PLX support (7.2 vs. 5.7 × 106 CD34+ cells/kg body weight). In total, ASCT was performed in 136 PM+PLX (88%) versus 8 PM−PLX patients (62%). Conclusion: The OPTIMOB study showed that a considerable proportion of adult MM patients in Germany are PMs. Even though most of PMs were supported with PLX in the OPTIMOB study, PM-PLX also successfully mobilized HSCs, allowing ASCT in majority of all PMs. However, further analyses are required for treatment optimization in PMs.
The Effect of Science-Based Courses on Student Teachers' Biophilia Levels

This study examines the effect of science-based courses on student teachers' biophilia levels. Based on the quantitative research approach, this study was conducted using a quasi-experimental method. The sample of the study consists of 146 student teachers studying at the education faculty of a state university in the fall semester of the 2022-2023 academic year. The sample group was conducted with student teachers who chose four different science-based courses and voluntarily participated in the study. The Biophilia Scale with 25 items was used as a data collection tool. The findings showed that the biophilia levels of the participants in all four courses showed significant differences in favor of the post-tests. The findings also showed that the "environmental science" course's scale scores significantly differed from the other courses. In other words, the biophilia levels of student teachers who attended environmental science courses increased less than in the other courses. When the increase in biophilia level of student teachers according to their genders is examined, no difference was observed. As a result of the findings, it was suggested that more activities should be included in science-based lessons to increase students' biophilia levels.
Meta-analysis of the relationship between TQM and Business Performance

Meta-analysis has been conducted based on 20 previous works from 4,040 firms at 16 countries from Asia, Europe and America. Throughout this paper a meta-analysis, this paper reviews the relationships between TQM and business performance amongst the regions. Meta-analysis result concludes that the average of rc is 0.47; Asia (rc=0.54), America (rc=0.43) and Europe (rc=0.38). The analysis also shows that Asia developed countries have greatest impact of TQM (rc=0.56). However, the analysis of ANOVA and t-test show that there is no significant difference amongst type of country (developed and developing countries) and regions at p=0.05. In addition, the average result of rc2 is 0.24; Asia (rc2=0.33), America (rc2=0.22) and Europe (rc2=0.15). Meanwhile, rc2 in developing countries (rc2=0.28) are higher than developed countries (rc2=0.21).
TRACTS: Um Método para Classificação de Trajetórias de Objetos Móveis Usando Séries Temporais

Trajectory classification is a relatively new research issue, but some methods have already been proposed. Most of them are developed for a specific application. A few are more general and can be applied to several domains. This paper presents a new trajectory classification method that transforms trajectories into time-series, in order to obtain more discriminative features for classification. The results of the processed experiments have been compared with the TraClass algorithm and have presented better results. Resumo. A classificacao de trajetorias e um assunto relativamente novo de pesquisa, mas alguns metodos ja foram propostos. A maioria destes metodos foi desenvolvido para uma aplicacao especifica. Poucos propuseram um metodo mais geral, aplicavel a varios dominios ou conjuntos de dados. Esse trabalho apresenta um novo metodo de classificacao que transforma as trajetorias em series temporais de forma a obter caracteristicas mais discriminativas para a classificacao. Os resultados dos experimentos realizados foram comparados com os obtidos pelo metodo TraClass e se mostraram, em geral, superiores.
Subthreshold Depression: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Non-Pharmacological Interventions

Background Subthreshold depression (StD) is considered to be the “precursor” stage of major depressive disorder (MDD), which could cause higher risk of suicide, disease burden and functional impairment. There have been various non-pharmacological interventions for StD. However, the comparison of their effectiveness still lacks sufficient evidence. We performed a systematic review and network meta-analysis to evaluate and rank the efficacy of multiple non-pharmacological interventions targeting StD. Methods We conducted a thorough search across various databases including PubMed, Medline, Embase, Web of Science and PsycINFO from inception to December 2022. All included studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of non-pharmacological interventions for patients with StD compared with control group (CG). Several universal scales for measuring depression severity were used as efficacy outcomes. The surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) was used to separately rank each intervention using the “Stata 17.0” software. Results A total of thirty-six trials were included, involving twenty-eight interventions and 7417 participants. The research found that most non-pharmacological interventions were superior to controls for StD. In each outcome evaluation by different scales for measuring depression, psychotherapy always ranked first in terms of treatment effectiveness, especially Problem-solving Therapy (PST), Behavioral Activation Therapy (BAT), Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)/Internet-based CBT (I-CBT)/Telephone-based CBT (T-CBT). Since different groups could not be directly compared, the total optimal intervention could not be determined. Conclusion Here, we show that psychotherapy may be the better choice for the treatment of StD. This study provides some evidence on StD management selection for clinical workers. However, to establish its intervention effect more conclusively, the content, format and operators of psychotherapy still require extensive exploration to conduct more effective, convenient and cost-effective implementation in primary healthcare. Notably, further research is also urgently needed to find the biological and neural mechanisms of StD by examining whether psychotherapy alters neuroplasticity in patients with StD.