Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Decomposition of Deglacial Pacific Radiocarbon Age Controls Using an Isotope‐Enabled Ocean Model

During the last deglaciation Earth’s climate experienced strong and abrupt variations, resulting in major changes in global temperature, sea level, and ocean circulation. Although proxy records have significantly improved our understanding of climate during this period, questions remain regarding the connection between ocean circulation evolution and resulting geotracer distributions, including those of deep waters in the Pacific. Here we use the C‐iTRACE simulation, a transient ocean‐only, isotope‐enabled version of the Community Earth System Model, to better understand deglacial deep Pacific radiocarbon evolution in the context of circulation and reservoir age changes. Throughout the deglaciation, the Pacific Ocean circulation in C‐iTRACE responds strongly to glacial meltwater forcing, leading to large changes in deep Pacific Δ14C age. A multi‐millennial weakening of the overturning circulation from 20 to 15 ka BP leads to increases in deep Pacific Δ14C ages, but from 20 to 18 ka BP, nearly half (40%–60%) of this aging is controlled by changing surface reservoir age, corroborating previous studies showing that Δ14C is not solely a circulation age tracer. As the deglaciation proceeds, circulation change controls progressively more of the Δ14C age, accounting for more than 75% of it across the deep Pacific from 15 to 8 ka BP.
EFEITOS DO EXERCÍCIO FÍSICO SOBRE O SISTEMA IMUNE DE MULHERES PÓS-MENOPAUSADAS: REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA

As mulheres na menopausa sofrem mudancas endocrinas que acarretam uma serie de disfuncoes, inclusive a atenuacao da resposta imune. Nesse sentido, realizou-se uma revisao sistematica da literatura que objetivou buscar ensaios clinicos randomizados (ECR) que verificassem o efeito do exercicio fisico na imunomodulacao em mulheres pos-menopausadas. Utilizaram-se as bases de dados eletronicas Medline/PubMed, SciELO, Scopus, Lilacs e Bireme, com as seguintes palavras-chave: humans, immune system, physical activity, exercise, physical fitness, postmenopause e postmenopausal period. Utilizou-se como criterio de exclusao dos titulos e resumos, os artigos que deixavam claro nao tratar do efeito do exercicio/atividade fisica sobre o sistema imune e artigos que estudaram mulheres com câncer e/ou diabetes. Foram incluidos sete artigos para analise. As intervencoes duraram de seis meses a 19,9 anos, com amostras variando de 18 a 421 pessoas. Todos os estudos utilizaram o exercicio aerobio moderado como intervencao. Apenas um estudo utilizou medida subjetiva para avaliar o sistema imune, sendo que os demais estudos utilizaram medidas bioquimicas diretas. Com relacao ao efeito do exercicio sobre a imunomodulacao, 57,1% dos ECR concluiram que o exercicio fisico atuou positivamente sobre o sistema imune de mulheres menopausadas e nenhum mostrou efeito negativo. A proteina C reativa e a contagem de celulas imunologicas foram as mais pesquisadas, com quatro estudos cada, nos quais, apenas um de cada variavel mostrou associacao significativa na diminuicao desses parâmetros. Tres estudos pesquisaram a variavel interleucina-6 e dois, a amiloide A, sem demonstrar associacao significativa; dos dois estudos que avaliaram imunoglobulinas, apenas um mostrou associacao para o aumento da imunoglobulina A. Concluiu-se que e pouco provavel que o exercicio aerobio prejudique o sistema imune de mulheres menopausadas e e necessaria a realizacao de novos ECR que objetivem verificar as mudancas na imunomodulacao dessa populacao e que abranjam diferentes volumes e tipos de exercicio fisico.
LINEAR SYSTEMS ASSOCIATED WITH NUMERICAL METHODS FOR CONSTRAINED OPITMIZATION /1)

Linear systems associated with numerical methods for constrained optimization are discussed in this paper. It is shown that the corresponding subproblems arise in most wellknown methods, no matter line search methods or trust region methods for constrained optimization can be expressed as similar systems of linear equations. All these linear systems can be viewed as some kinds of approximation to the linear system derived by the Lagrange-Newton method. Some properties of these linear systems are analyzed.
Improving the training efficiency of automated fault detection and diagnosis for central chilled water plants by transfer learning

During the operation phase of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, faults that deteriorate the system performance often occur. Therefore, automatic fault detection and diagnosis (AFDD) is essential for proper operation. The authors propose an AFDD method, which utilizes a fault database generated by a system simulation and convolutional neural networks (CNN) as classifiers. Although this method has demonstrated high performance, it requires a large number of human and calculation resources. In this study, to reduce the calculation resource for network training, transfer learning is applied to the AFDD at different sites. The subjects were central chilled water plants, which are the waterside of HVAC systems. It was confirmed that by applying transfer learning reasonable diagnosis results were achieved and the computational resources during training were halved. These results are expected to contribute to the widespread use of the AFDD method.
Chapter 10: Risk communication and pandemic influenza

This chapter examines a risk scenario that could form one of the most significant communication challenges both nationally and globally: an influenza pandemic. A pandemic occurs when a new influenza strain emerges and spreads rapidly because people have no natural resistance to it. Drawing upon the evidence gathered from healthcare workers — who might plausibly have an enhanced understanding of the potential risks — the chapter considers how information and knowledge might be exchanged amongst the wider public. This should help in understanding how risk communication efforts might most effectively engage with people, before (as well as during) an outbreak. Before outlining this evidence, the characteristics of pandemic influenza that may impact on people's understanding, information needs, and response are summarized.
Stable isotope geochemistry and microfossil assemblages of carbonate rocks in the ophiolite mélange zone of the Indo–Myanmar orogenic Belt, NE India: Implications on age and depositional environment

A comprehensive data of whole‐rock and stable isotopic geochemistry along with microfossil assemblages of the carbonate rocks of the ophiolite mélange zone of the Indo–Myanmar orogenic Belt (IMOB), north‐east India are discussed, to determine the influence of terrigenous contamination during the formation of these carbonate rocks and also to understand their depositional environment and ages. These carbonate rocks contain a diverse fauna with the dominance of foraminiferal assemblages of planktonic foraminifera (Globotruncana sp. and Heterohelix sp., etc.) which indicates they were formed during the Santonian to Maastrichtian age. Based on chemical compositions, these carbonate rocks have been identified as limestone (CaO/MgO > 50.1) to slightly dolomitic limestone (9.1 < CaO/MgO < 50.1). Total rare earth element (REE) contents in these carbonates are variable (22.39–146.05 ppm). The Post‐Archean Australian Shale (PAAS)‐normalized REE + Y patterns of these carbonates exhibit seawater‐like REE patterns with LREE depletion and relative HREE enrichment with negative Ce anomalies (Ce/Ce* = 0.32–0.79) and positive Y (4.42–27.81 ppm) and Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu* = 1.11–1.86), suggesting that they were deposited under an oxygenated environment with contamination by hydrothermal activity. They are also depleted in δ13C 0/00 (PDB) (1.02–1.570/00) and δ18O 0/00 (PDB) (−6.37 to −9.00%) values which characterize marine precipitates. Eu anomalies and spread in negative δ18O 0/00 (PDB) values to a lesser extent of δ13C 0/00 (PDB) values of these carbonates suggest their formation was altered by diagenesis in the shallow marine environment. Our new whole‐rock and stable isotope geochemical characteristics, in conjunction with microfacies, suggest that the investigated carbonate rocks might have been formed in low‐energy environments, and deposited in neritic to bathyal palaeoenvironments during the Santonian to Maastrichtian interval.
Manajemen Resiko dalam Usahatani Padi di Desa Gerbo, Kecamatan Purwodadi, Kabupaten Pasuruan

Desa Gerbo Kecamatan Purwodadi Kabupaten Pasuruan adalah salah satu Desa yang didominasi oleh petani padi dan menjadikan pekerjaan pokok untuk menafkahi keseharian masyarakat di dalamnya. Kegiatan usaha petani sawah di Desa Gerbo ini tergolong beresiko tinggi karena memiliki beberapa kendala, diantaranya adalah adanya hama yang merusak tanaman padi, cuaca yang cukup ekstrem, teknologi yang tidak memadai, serta akses menuju jalan raya yang sangat sulit. Tujuan dari peneltian ini adalah menganalisis usahatani padi dan manajemen resiko pendapatan dari petani padi di Desa Gerbo. Metode analisis data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Analisis kualitatif dilakukan melalui pendekatan deskriptif. Data kuantitatif merupakan suatu data yang dapat dinyatakan dalam bentuk angka yaitu analisis risiko yang terdiri dari analisis pendapatan dan analisis risiko produksi. Risiko yang dihadapi petani dalam usahatani padi yaitu risiko pendapatan. risiko pendapatan diperoleh nilai koefisien variasi (KV) sebesar 0,018 Nilai koefisien variasi produksi dan pendapatan < 0,5, yang artinya risiko pendapatan usahatani padi tergolong rendah dimana petani tidak akan mengalami kerugian
Acoustic startle and prepulse inhibition deficits in adult monkeys with neonatal lesions of the hippocampus, amygdala and orbital frontal cortex

Sensory-motor gating, the process of filtering sensory stimuli to modulate motor responses, is impaired in many psychiatric diseases but especially schizophrenia. Sensory-motor gating assessed with the prepulse inhibition paradigm (PPI) measures startle in response to preceding acoustic stimuli. PPI studies in rodents have consistently found that neonatal hippocampal lesions impair sensory-motor gating in adult animals, but its applicability to primates has yet to be tested. The study examined acoustic startle responses and PPI in adult rhesus monkeys with neonatal lesions of the hippocampus (Neo-Hibo), amygdala (Neo-Aibo), and orbital frontal cortex areas 11 and 13 (Neo-Oasp) and with sham-operations (Neo-C). All monkeys were initially habituated to the startle apparatus and assayed for acoustic startle response curves. Subsequently, PPI was measured with the prepulse occurring at 60, 120, 240, 480, 1000 and 5000 msec prior to the pulse onset. No significant group differences in baseline startle were found. Compared to Neo-C monkeys, Neo-Hibo monkeys showed normal startle curves as well as normal PPI at short prepulse delays but prepulse facilitation (PPF) at longer prepulse intervals. Neo-Aibo monkeys displayed enhanced startle responses with only minor changes in PPI, whereas Neo-Oasp monkeys had severe dampening of startle responses and impaired PPI at shorter prepulse intervals. These results support prior evidence from rodent literature of the involvement of each of these areas in the development of the complex cortico-limbic circuit modulating sensory-motor gating and may shade light on the specific neural structures associated with deficits in PPI reported in neuropsychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorders, and post-traumatic disorders. KeyWords PPI, Schizophrenia, Sensory-motor gating, Animal Models.
Edgelet Computing: Pushing Query Processing and Liability at the Extreme Edge of the Network

We call edgelet computing the current convergence between Opportunistic Network (OppNet) and Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) at the very edge of the network. We believe that this convergence bears the seeds of a novel and important class of applications leveraging fully decentralized and highly secure computations among data scattered on multiple personal devices. This paper introduces the Edgelet computing paradigm, defines properties that guarantee the safety, liveness and security of executions in this unusual context and proposes alternative strategies satisfying these properties. Preliminary performance evaluations and an ongoing real-case study highlights the practicality of the approach. Finally, the paper draws future research challenges for the database and distributed system community.
A Potent EGFR Inhibitor, N-Phenyl Pyrazoline Derivative Suppresses Aggressiveness and Cancer Stem Cell-Like Phenotype of Cervical Cancer Cells

Objective Metastasis causes approximately 90% of cancer-related deaths, including in cervical cancer patients. Uncontrolled cell proliferation, migration, and cancer stemness act as critical events in primary tumor growth and cancer metastasis progression in cervical cancer. Here, we investigated the anti-proliferative, anti-migration, and cancer stemness inhibition activity of N-phenyl pyrazoline derivatives against cervical cancer cells. Methods The chalcone and phenylhydrazine were used to synthesize the N-phenyl pyrazoline 2/5 (P2 and P5). The MTT, colony formation, and wound healing assays were performed to evaluate the N-phenyl pyrazoline effect in HeLa cells. The N-phenyl pyrazoline’s protein target was predicted using SwissTargetPrediction and AutoDock Vina software. The Western blotting assay was performed to evaluate the target proteins. The public dataset analysis was used to confirm the clinical relevance of target protein in cervical cancer patients. Results N-phenyl pyrazoline 2 and 5 were successfully synthesized. The N-phenyl pyrazolines 2 and 5 exhibit cytotoxic effect in HeLa cell line with 20.26 µM, 4.708 µM of IC50, respectively. Further study shows that the N-phenyl pyrazoline 5 suppresses the cell proliferation and migration ability of HeLa cell line in a dose-dependent manner. Target prediction and molecular docking reveal that EGFR and ERBB2 protein as the main target of the N-phenyl pyrazoline 5 compound. The N-phenyl pyrazoline 5 suppresses the EGFR expression level but not the total ERK1/2. Public data and GSEA analysis found that the EGFR high expression level is positively associated with poor survival, cancer metastasis-related signaling pathways, and cancer stem cell markers in cervical cancer patients. In addition, the N-phenyl pyrazoline 5 reduces the HeLa’s tumorsphere size and cancer stem cell marker, CD133. Conclusion N-phenyl pyrazoline 5 suppresses the cell viability, proliferation, migration, and cancer stem cell-like phenotype of cervical cancer cells via EGFR inhibition.
Análise socioambiental da morbidade da malária em Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil

Este estudo teve como objetivo compreender a dinâmica socioambiental sobre a morbidade da malária em Manaus. Para isso, utilizou-se da fundamentação teórica-metodológica do ritmo climático e do Sistema Ambiental Urbano (S.A.U.). Foram analisados os dados das variáveis climáticas e hidrológicas obtidas no INMET e Porto de Manaus, dados socioeconômicos e ambientais urbanos obtidos na IMPLURB e os dados referentes aos casos confirmados de malária foram obtidos no SIVEPMALÁRIA. Os dados foram tratados com técnicas estatísticas descritivas, regressão múltipla e o método das medianas para identificação da vulnerabilidade socioambiental da morbidade da Malária em Manaus. Os resultados mostraram que a ocorrência da malária apresenta padrão bimodal em Manaus, sendo que a precipitação pluvial mensal e as cotas fluviais influenciaram na epidemiologia da doença e apresentaram maior poder de explicação entre as variáveis. A análise rítmica demonstrou que os dias consecutivos com elevadas temperaturas do ar, com pouca ou nenhuma nebulosidade e pequenos volumes diários de precipitação pluvial se relacionam positivamente ao desenvolvimento do vetor. O risco e a vulnerabilidade socioambiental predominaram em bairros com saneamento ambiental precário, maior distância dos postos de saúde, baixa renda e taxa de alfabetização. Os resultados apresentados podem contribuir para a (re) formulação de políticas públicas visando a melhoria das condições socioambientais e do controle epidemiológico da doença.
Role of endothelial cells in vascular calcification

Vascular calcification (VC) is active and regulates extraosseous ossification progress, which is an independent predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Endothelial cells (ECs) line the innermost layer of blood vessels and directly respond to changes in flow shear stress and blood composition. Together with vascular smooth muscle cells, ECs maintain vascular homeostasis. Increased evidence shows that ECs have irreplaceable roles in VC due to their high plasticity. Endothelial progenitor cells, oxidative stress, inflammation, autocrine and paracrine functions, mechanotransduction, endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT), and other factors prompt ECs to participate in VC. EndMT is a dedifferentiation process by which ECs lose their cell lineage and acquire other cell lineages; this progress coexists in both embryonic development and CVD. EndMT is regulated by several signaling molecules and transcription factors and ultimately mediates VC via osteogenic differentiation. The specific molecular mechanism of EndMT remains unclear. Can EndMT be reversed to treat VC? To address this and other questions, this study reviews the pathogenesis and research progress of VC, expounds the role of ECs in VC, and focuses on the regulatory factors underlying EndMT, with a view to providing new concepts for VC prevention and treatment.
Detection of DDoS Vulnerability in Cloud Computing Using the Perplexed Bayes Classifier

Cloud computing security has been a critical issue with its increase in demand. One of the most challenging problems in cloud computing is detecting distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks. The attack detection framework for the DDoS attack is tricky because of its nonlinear nature of interruption activities, atypical system traffic behaviour, and many features in the problem space. As a result, creating defensive solutions against these attacks is critical for mainstream cloud computing adoption. In this novel research, by using performance parameters, perplexed-based classifiers with and without feature selection will be compared with the existing machine learning algorithms such as naïve Bayes and random forest to prove the efficacy of the perplexed-based classification algorithm. Comparing the performance parameters like accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity, the proposed algorithm has an accuracy of 99%, which is higher than the existing algorithms, proving that the proposed algorithm is highly efficient in detecting the DDoS attacks in cloud computing systems. To extend our research in the area of nature-inspired computing, we compared our perplexed Bayes classifier feature selection with nature-inspired feature selection like genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) and found that our classifier is highly efficient in comparison with GA and PSO and their accuracies are 2% and 8%, respectively, less than those of perplexed Bayes classifier.
The effect of the strength of auditing and reporting standards on infrastructure quality in Africa: do ethical behaviour of firms and judicial independence matter?

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the impact of the strength of auditing and reporting standards (SARS, hereafter) on the quality of infrastructure in African countries and tests whether the ethical behaviour of firms and judicial independence affect this relationship. Design/methodology/approach The sample consists of 108 country-year observations spanning from of 2014–2017. Data concerning the main variables in this study (the quality of infrastructure, SARS, ethical behaviour of firms and judicial independence) are gathered from the Global Competitiveness Reports for 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2017. Findings The findings of this study suggest that the SARS is positively related to the quality of infrastructure. Similarly, the ethical behaviour of firms has a positive and significant effect on the same variable. When testing for the moderating effects of ethical behaviour of firms and judicial independence, the association between SARS and the quality of infrastructure remains positive and significant for high ethical behaviour and high judicial independence sub-samples, while it is insignificant for settings characterised by low ethical behaviour of firms or low judicial independence. Originality/value The results of this study highlight the importance of the SARS in combination with business ethics and judicial independence in improving the quality of infrastructure in African countries. These results may have policy implications for African governments aiming to improve the quality of their infrastructures by strengthening auditing and reporting standards, enforcing laws obliging firms to act ethically and giving importance to the role played by judicial independence in imposing strict sanctions on all violations that can affect the quality of infrastructure in one country.
New Hope for Treating Intervertebral Disc Degeneration: Microsphere-Based Delivery System

Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration (IVDD) has been considered the dominant factor in low back pain (LBP), and its etiological mechanisms are complex and not yet fully elucidated. To date, the treatment of IVDD has mainly focused on relieving clinical symptoms and cannot fundamentally solve the problem. Recently, a novel microsphere-based therapeutic strategy has held promise for IVD regeneration and has yielded encouraging results with in vitro experiments and animal models. With excellent injectability, biocompatibility, and biodegradability, this microsphere carrier allows for targeted delivery and controlled release of drugs, gene regulatory sequences, and other bioactive substances and supports cell implantation and directed differentiation, aiming to improve the disease state of IVD at the source. This review discusses the possible mechanisms of IVDD and the limitations of current therapies, focusing on the application of microsphere delivery systems in IVDD, including targeted delivery of active substances and drugs, cellular therapy, and gene therapy, and attempts to provide a new understanding for the treatment of IVDD.
Synthesis, Spectroscopic, Chemical Characterizations, Anticancer Capacities against HepG-2, Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities of Cefotaxime Metal Complexes with Ca(II), Cr(III), Zn(II), Cu(II) and Se(IV)

In this study, metal cefotaxime complexes of Ca(II), Cr(III), Cu(II), Zn(II), and Se(VI) were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, conductance measurements, IR, electronic spectra, magnetic measurements, 1HNMR, and XRD, as well as by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The lower values for molar conductance refer to the nonelectrolyte nature of the complexes. The FTIR and 1H-NMR spectra for the metal complexes of cefotaxime proved that the free cefotaxime antibiotic ligand acted as a monoanionic tridentate ligand through the oxygen atoms of lactam carbonyl, the carboxylate group, and the nitrogen atoms of the amino group. From the magnetic measurements and electronic spectral data, octahedral structures were proposed for the Cr(III) and Se(VI) complexes, while the Cu(II) complex had tetragonal geometry. This study aimed to investigate the effects of cefotaxime and cefotaxime metal complexes on oxidative stress using antioxidant assays including DPPH, ORAC, FARAB, and ABTS, a metal chelation assay, as well as the inhibition of the viability of cancer cells (HepG-2). Regarding the antibacterial activity, the cefotaxime metal complexes were highly effective against both Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli. In conclusion, the cefotaxime metal complexes exhibited highly antioxidant activities. The cefotaxime metal complexes with Zn and Se inhibited HepG-2 cellular viability. Thus, the cefotaxime metal complexes elicited promising results as potent antioxidant and anticancer agents against HepG-2, with potent antibacterial activities at a much lower concentration.