Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Image Augmentation for Satellite Images

This study proposes the use of generative models (GANs) for augmenting the EuroSAT dataset for the Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) Classification task. We used DCGAN and WGAN-GP to generate images for each class in the dataset. We then explored the effect of augmenting the original dataset by about 10% in each case on model performance. The choice of GAN architecture seems to have no apparent effect on the model performance. However, a combination of geometric augmentation and GAN-generated images improved baseline results. Our study shows that GANs augmentation can improve the generalizability of deep classification models on satellite images.
Sequential Models in the Synthetic Data Vault

The goal of this paper is to describe a system for generating synthetic sequential data within the Synthetic data vault. To achieve this, we present the Sequential model currently in SDV, an end-to-end framework that builds a generative model for multi-sequence, real-world data. This includes a novel neural network-based machine learning model, conditional probabilistic auto-regressive (CPAR) model. The overall system and the model is available in the open source Synthetic Data Vault (SDV) library {https://github.com/sdv-dev/SDV}, along with a variety of other models for different synthetic data needs. After building the Sequential SDV, we used it to generate synthetic data and compared its quality against an existing, non-sequential generative adversarial network based model called CTGAN. To compare the sequential synthetic data against its real counterpart, we invented a new metric called Multi-Sequence Aggregate Similarity (MSAS). We used it to conclude that our Sequential SDV model learns higher level patterns than non-sequential models without any trade-offs in synthetic data quality.
Tunnelling in thin SiO2

The conduction of electrons through ultra-thin insulators is accurately described by the Fowler-Nordheim mechanism. Electrons tunnel through the energy barrier at the cathode interface to the conduction band of the insulator and drift to the anode. The mechanism is the same as for field emission from cold cathodes in vacuum. In very thin oxides of 30-80 Å, tunnelling is modulated by quantum-interference effects. Injected electrons form standing waves in the oxide conduction band interfering with their tunnelling probability. These quantum oscillations enable the determination of layer thicknesses to a high precision. Accompanying the tunnelling current, a ‘substrate-hole current’ is often observed by carrier separation techniques, but its origin is still in debate. We have now conducted experiments for several oxide layers between 30 and 70 Å in which we show that the substrate-hole current coherently follows the quantum oscillations of the tunnel current. This new fact rules out the earlier explanations based on anode-hole tunnelling and valence-band electron tunnelling. Injection of electrons in wide band-gap dielectrics is by no means harmless. The energy loss of the electrons, especially at the anode interface, leads to degradation of the properties of the dielectric. This explains the generation of mesoscopic features, or ‘trees’, extending over several atomic distances. The formation of the ‘trees’ is modelled by computer simulation. The degradation of the dielectric leads to increased current leakage, negative or positive space-charge evolution and dielectric losses. Persisting charge transport renders strongly degraded insulators and finally causes dielectric breakdown.
Summary of Topical Group on Hadron Spectroscopy (RF07) Rare Processes and Precision Frontier of Snowmass 2021

Hadron spectroscopy, the driving force of high-energy physics in its early decades, has experienced a renaissance in interest over the past 20 years due to the discovery of scores of new, potentially"exotic states"(tetraquarks, pentaquarks, hybrid mesons, glueballs), as well as the observation of many new"conventional"hadrons. The new discoveries expose our lack of understanding about hadronic states, beyond just a few low excitations of the simplest quark configurations. Even so, no single theoretical interpretation (such as hadron molecules, threshold effects, diquark compounds, or others) as yet successfully accommodates all of the new multiquark particles, while a great deal of work remains to extract signals of hybrids and glueballs from reaction-amplitude data. This document summarizes the current state of the field from both experimental and theoretical perspectives. On the experimental side, this report summarizes the current, planned, and proposed activities of LHCb and other LHC experiments, Belle II, BESIII, and GlueX, as well as the approved Electron-Ion Collider, the proposed Super Tau-Charm factory, and other future experiments. The theoretical portion provides a brief overview of multiple phenomenological approaches studied to date, progress in rigorous studies of reaction amplitudes, and advances in lattice-QCD simulations.
Gale transform of a starshaped sphere

Gale transform is a simple but powerful tool in convex geometry. In particular, the use of Gale transform is the main argument in the classification of polytopes with few vertices. Many books and documents cover the definition of Gale transform and its main properties related to convex polytopes. But it seems that there does not exist document studying the Gale transform of more general objects, such that triangulation of spheres. In this paper, we study the properties of the Gale transform of a large class of such spheres called starshaped spheres.
Holography, Locality and Symmetries of The Universe

Holography, Locality and Symmetries of The Universe Xiao Xiao It is an interesting question that, with a well tested duality between the quantum gravity in anti de Sitter space and a quantum field theory in one lower dimension, whether quantum gravity in a cosmological background has a well defined dual description. In large N limit, this duality could be a correspondence between an approximately local gravity theory describing cosmology and a quantum field theory. In dS/CFT, the quantum field theory is a Euclidean CFT living at the conformal boundary of de Sitter space, in large N limit, we should expect the local observables in de Sitter cosmology be recovered from the CFT. We explicitly develop this construction for scalar fields and derive the operator map at lowest order of 1 N expansion. Having addressed the fundamental question of how local fields in de Sitter cosmology arise via holography, we focus on the theory of cosmological perturbations that is described in terms of local field theory. The curvature perturbations during inflation, which originated from quantum fluctuations of inflaton and which induced the CMB inhomogeneity we see today, as well as the large scale structure, can be described as Goldstone boson fields which nonlinearly realize a subset of general coordinate transformations as residual symmetries. This fact puts strong constraints on the behavior of the cosmological correlation functions, and a series of consistency relations constraining the soft limits of these correlation functions can be derived as Ward identities.
On the $\text{OUMD}$ property for the column Hilbert space $C$

The operator space $\text{OUMD}$ property was introduced by Pisier in the context of vector-valued noncommutative $L_p$-spaces. It is an open problem whether the column Hilbert space has this property. Based on some complex interpolation techniques, we are able to relate this problem to the study of the $\text{OUMD}_q$ property for non-commutative $L_p$-spaces.
Adaptive Design Pattern Detection Model: A Nearness Measurement Approach

: The discovery of design pattern as part of reengineering methods will convey necessary data to the designer. However, existing pattern detection methodologies typically have issues in managing one or additional of the subsequent issues: Identification of changed pattern versions, search area explosion for big systems and extensibility to novel patterns. A style pattern detection methodology is proposed that's based mostly on match gain between graph vertices. Attributable to the character of the underlying graph algorithm, this approach has the power to conjointly acknowledge patterns that are changed from their normal illustration. Moreover, the approach exploits the very fact that patterns reside in one or additional inheritance hierarchies, reducing the dimensions of the graphs to that the algorithm is applied. Finally, the algorithm doesn't suppose any pattern-specific heuristic, facilitating the extension to novel style structures. Analysis on 3 open-source comes demonstrated the accuracy and therefore the potency of the proposed methodology.
Pretreatment with the Combination of Drugs Protects against Cognitive Impairment in Diabetic Rats

Objectives: The World Health Organization has foreseen that 35.6 million people suffer from dementia is due diabetes and this number might be doubled by 2030 and unlike other complications due to diabetes, cognitive impairment occur early in patients. Pharmacological treatments cannot cure or stop the progression of cognitive impairment due to diabetes. Hence, in current study the attempt has made to prevent or delay the cognitive impairment in diabetic rats using combination of drugs. Methodology: Diabetes was induced in male Wistar rats by administrating streptozotocin (52mg/kg,i.p). Diabetic rats were treated with combination of gamma linolenic acid (30mg/kg,p.o), alpha lipoic acid (30mg/kg,p.o), phloroglucinol (250mg/kg,p.o), benfotiamine (100mg/kg,p.o), in one group and gamma linolenic acid (30mg/kg,p.o), alpha lipoic acid (30mg/kg,p.o), allantoin (200mg/kg,p.o), benfotiamine (100mg/kg,p.o), in other group for eight weeks. The degree of protection was determined by measuring motor co-ordination, Barne maze, Glycosylated Haemoglobin (GHb) and transmitter like dopamine, nor-adrenaline, serotonin, gamma amino butyric acid and acetyl cholinesterase. Results: Administration of combination of drugs significantly reduced glycated haemoglobin,dopamine,serotonin, latency to enter escape cage and significantly elevated the body weight, motor co-ordination, nor-adrelanine, gamma amino butyric acid, acetylcholinesterase levels compared to diabetic control rats. Conclusion: Supplementation of combination treatment showed improved glycemic and neurotransmitters control in diabetic rats. Hence, the pretreatment with combination of drugs may be a way to delay cognitive impairment resulting from hyperglycemia and distortion of neurotransmitters.
MHT Based Reliable and Fault Tolerant Cloud Storage System for a Stateful Data Upload and Retrieving Model to Correspond Efficient Data Consumption

— cloud computing model has become immensely popular with its breakthrough advantages over other computational models. The massive computational power offered by cloud provides the ability of data storage on cloud servers. These being an advantage for cloud user, also raises concerns for data security. Users have to deeply rely on the existing offsite storage architecture for the security of data. The foremost constraints of data auditing are legitimate access of data, availability of data and integrity of stored data. Third party auditing is not reliable enough for the users and hence we propose a storage integrity and availability algorithm which can be implemented over the existing RAID model for better auditing and recovery of data. Our algorithm employs integration of Merkle Hash Tree and offers a supplementary advantage of resumable file retrieval, which can be beneficial for resource deficient terminals.
Selected Topics in Characteristic Functions

Part 1 Basic properties: definition and elementary properties continuity theorems and inversion formulas criteria inequalities characteristic functions and movements, expansion of characteristic functions, asymptotic behaviour unimodality analycity of characteristic functions multivariate characteristic functions. Part 2 Inequalities: auxiliary results inequalities for characteristic functions of distributions with bounded support moment inequalities estimates for the characteristic functions of unimodal distributions estimates for the characteristic functions of absolutely continuous distributions estimates for the characteristic functions of discrete distributions inequalities for multivariate characteristic functions inequalities involving integrals of characteristic functions inequalities involving differences of characteristic functions estimates for the positive zero of a characteristic function. Part 3 Empirical characteristic functions: definition and basic properties asymptotic properties of empirical characteristic functions the first positive zero parameter estimation non-parametric density estimation 1 non-parametric density estimation 2 tests for independence tests for symmetry testing for normality goodness-of-fit tests based on empirical characteristic functions.
A strategy for improved computational efficiency of the method of anchored distributions

This paper proposes a strategy for improving the computational efficiency of model inversion using the method of anchored distributions (MAD) by “bundling” similar model parametrizations in the likelihood function. Inferring the likelihood function typically requires a large number of forward model (FM) simulations for each possible model parametrization; as a result, the process is quite expensive. To ease this prohibitive cost, we present an approximation for the likelihood function called bundling that relaxes the requirement for high quantities of FM simulations. This approximation redefines the conditional statement of the likelihood function as the probability of a set of similar model parametrizations “bundle” replicating field measurements, which we show is neither a model reduction nor a sampling approach to improving the computational efficiency of model inversion. To evaluate the effectiveness of these modifications, we compare the quality of predictions and computational cost of bundling relative to a baseline MAD inversion of 3‐D flow and transport model parameters. Additionally, to aid understanding of the implementation we provide a tutorial for bundling in the form of a sample data set and script for the R statistical computing language. For our synthetic experiment, bundling achieved a 35% reduction in overall computational cost and had a limited negative impact on predicted probability distributions of the model parameters. Strategies for minimizing error in the bundling approximation, for enforcing similarity among the sets of model parametrizations, and for identifying convergence of the likelihood function are also presented.
Geometric analysis of otoliths in Cyprinion kais and Cyprinion macrostomus

Cyprinion macrostomus and Cyprinion kais are species that inhabit in the Tigris River. These fishes, formerly considered as the same species, have been listed as different species by taking differences in jaw and mouth structures into consideration. The mouth shape of C. kais is distinct and small. The mouth is convex and has broad lateral lobes. The mouth of C. macrostomus is wider, is convex and lacks lateral lobes. This study aimed to determine the shape‐dependent variability in the breed and sex factors of otoliths of the fish species C. kais and C. macrostomus. For this purpose, 30 right otoliths from both species were used. Geometric morphometric analyses were performed by marking semilandmarks on the otoliths. When examining the results of the analysis, it was found that the first base component accounted for the total shape difference by 26.871% and the first three base components accounted for the total shape difference by 52.235%. In the regression analysis of shape on dimension, it was found that 2.1020% of shape could be estimated in terms of size according to the groups. In the wire‐frame wrap graph showing group‐based shape differences, it was found that C. kais was wider than C. macrostomus at the level of the dorsal margin and the rostrum region of C. macrostomus was larger and sharply pointed. Consequently, it is believed that the data of the study can be reference for many disciplines, especially for taxonomic classification of species.
Greater effects by performing a small number of eccentric contractions daily than a larger number of them once a week

Our previous study found that one maximal voluntary eccentric contraction (MVC‐ECC) performed daily for 5 days a week for 4 weeks increased MVC‐ECC, isometric (MVC‐ISO), and concentric contraction (MVC‐CON) torque of the elbow flexors more than 10%. The present study investigated the effects of six maximal voluntary eccentric contractions on the MVC torques and biceps brachii and brachialis muscle thickness (MT). Thirty‐six healthy young adults were placed to one of the three groups (N = 12 per group); the 6 × 1 group that performed one set of six contractions once a week, the 6 × 5 group that performed one set of six contractions a day for 5 days a week, and the 30 × 1 group that performed five sets of six contractions a day in a week. The training duration was 4 weeks for all groups, and changes in MVC‐ECC, MVC‐CON and MVC‐ISO torque, and MT before and after the 4‐week training were compared among the groups. The 6 × 1 group did not show significant changes in muscle strength and MT. Significant (p < 0.05) increases in MVC‐ECC (13.5 ± 11.5%), MVC‐ISO (9.3 ± 5.5%), MVC‐CON torque (11.1 ± 7.4%) were evident for the 6 × 5 group only, and increases in MT were found for the 6 × 5 (10.4 ± 4.4%) and 30 × 1 (8.0 ± 5.8%) groups without a significant difference. These results suggest that performing a small number of eccentric contractions 5 days a week is more effective for increasing muscle strength than performing a larger volume of eccentric contractions once a week. However, it appears that training volume is a factor for muscle hypertrophy in a short‐term training.
Prevention of delirium with agitation by yokukansan in older adults after cancer surgery

Abstract Objective Preventing postoperative delirium with agitation is vital in the older population. We examined the preventive effect of yokukansan on postoperative delirium with agitation in older adult patients undergoing highly invasive cancer resection. Methods We performed a secondary per-protocol analysis of 149 patients’ data from a previous clinical trial. Patients underwent scheduled yokukansan or placebo intervention 4–8 days presurgery and delirium assessment postoperatively. Delirium with agitation in patients aged ≥75 years was assessed using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, and the Japanese version of the Delirium Rating Scale-Revised-98. We assessed odds ratios for yokukansan (TJ-54) compared with placebo for the manifestation of postoperative delirium with agitation across patients of all ages (n = 149) and those aged ≥65 years (n = 82) and ≥ 75 years (n = 21) using logistic regression. Results Delirium with agitation manifested in 3/14 and 5/7 patients in the TJ-54 and placebo groups, respectively, among those aged ≥75 years. The odds ratio for yokukansan vs. placebo was 0.11 (95% confidence interval: 0.01–0.87). An age and TJ-54 interaction effect was detected in patients with delirium with agitation. No intergroup differences were observed in patients aged ≥65 years or across all ages for delirium with agitation. Conclusions This is the first study investigating the preventive effect of yokukansan on postoperative delirium with agitation in older adults. Yokukansan may alleviate workforce burdens in older adults caused by postoperative delirium with agitation following highly invasive cancer resection.
Left-corner parsing algorithm for unification grammars

Parsing with unification grammars is inefficient due to the expressive power of the grammars. Most unification-based parsing algorithms are extensions of context-free (CF) parsing algorithms, and few have been specially designed for unification-style grammars. We have developed an efficient parsing algorithm for unification grammars which takes full advantage of the expressiveness of the grammar. Our algorithm (called LC) is a variation of Left-corner parsing, and it exhibits significantly improved average-case performance as compared with previous unification-based parsers. Efficiency of our LC algorithm comes from two factors. First is the representation and architecture of LINK. LINK is a syntax-semantics integrated unification-based system which dynamically combines syntax (grammar) and semantics (domain knowledge). And LINK utilizes all available information at any given point during parsing. Second is the expectation-based Left-corner parsing strategy. By utilizing expectations, the algorithm can eliminate unsuccessful parses which will not fit the left-context (previous word(s) in the sentence). The central focus of this thesis is the formalization and the proof of correctness, of the LC algorithm. To do so, we specify the algorithm using the constraint-based grammar formalism presented in (Shieber, 1992). In the formulation, the LC algorithm is characterized as an optimization of the abstract parsing algorithm developed in (Shieber, 1992). Then by using Shieber's proof of correctness of his algorithm, we prove the correctness of our LC algorithm by reducing LC to his algorithm. In formulating the proof of correctness, we discovered a difficulty in Shieber's as well as the LC algorithm, in which, for certain grammars, the algorithms may spuriously create nonminimal derivations in addition to the minimal ones. As it turns out, the nonminimal derivation problem raises important issues concerning some of the basic notions in unification grammar and unification-based parsing. We discuss this nonminimal derivation problem in depth, including the sources and the possible solutions. Finally, we present the empirical result obtained from running LINK on a corpus of example sentences taken from real-world texts. The results indicate that, for the limited domain texts, LINK achieved a linear time average-case performance. This is a marked improvement over other unification-based parsing algorithms.
Technical and tactical training of kickboxers and the results of performances at international tournaments in tatami

Relevance: The popularization of various kickboxing disciplines in Russia has made it possible to obtain high results in this sport. However, high rates are absent in the least traumatic types tactical training of athletes - point fights and kick-lights, the fights of which take place on the tatami.For tatami disciplines are characterized by individual actions or their combinations, performed in the framework of attacks and counterattacks. The quality of an athlete's technical and tactical readiness is reflected in the overall performance of the athlete. In this regard, it is necessary to pay attention to the technical and tactical training of athletes-kickboxers for international competitions. The subject of the research : is the technical and tactical training of kickboxers. The purpose of this study : is to consider the effectiveness of technical and tactical training of kickboxers based on the author's methodology. The main research method was a pedagogical experiment. Methodology: The research was carried out on the basis of MBOU Secondary School No. 21 in Belgorod in a kickboxing sports school. The subjects were kickboxers 10-12 years old. Results: The positive dynamics of the results confirms the success of the author's training methodology, which allows kickboxers to gain victories in international competitions of the World and Europe cups.The process of technical and tactical training of kickboxers consisted in the priority use of individual and group technical and tactical actions in the training process. At the control stage, the effectiveness of the author's technique was shown in comparison with the primary diagnosis, which indicates a positive trend. Conclusions: The effectiveness of the author's methodology allows to optimize the training process of kickboxers and to increase the effectiveness of performances.