Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Entwicklung eines quantitativen Verfahrens zur Streufeld- und Magnetisierungsbestimmung magnetischer Strukturen

This work deals with the full quantitative local reconstruction of magnetization distributions from measurements of the normal component of the magnetic stray field of micro- and nanostructured magnetic films and the underlying inverse magnetostatic problem. The magneto-optical indicatorfilm technique (MOIF) is applied for magnetic imaging. Based upon the strong magneto-optical Faraday-effect in special sensor layers, this method allows a quantitative determination of the stray field z-component at a fixed height above the samples. Lithographically patterned, magnetically hard structures of well defined shape and size serve as model systems for the investigation and establishment of the relationship between the stray field and the underlying magnetization. The quantitative stray field measurements via MOIF are verified by theoretical simulations. The evaluation of the local magnetization distribution is based on transfer functions in Fourier space, taking all intrinsic measuring conditions into account. This formalism leads to a correct quantitative reconstruction of the magnetization for pattern sizes larger than the resolution limit. Constitutive upon the advanced mathematical inversion scheme, the early stages of the remagnetization process of spatially extended arrays of magnetically hard elements are studied in detail. Furthermore, this work treats the problem of calibrating a magnetic force microscope by means of quantitative MOIF measurements.
Biofoundries are a nucleating hub for industrial translation

Abstract Contemporary synthetic biology embraces the entire innovation pipeline; it is a transformative technology platform impacting new applications and improving existing industrial products and processes. However, challenges still emerge at the interface of upstream and downstream processes, integral to the value chain. It is now clear that biofoundries have a key role to play in addressing this; they provide unique and accessible infrastructure to drive the standardization necessary to deliver systematic design and engineering of biological systems and workflows. As for other biofoundries, the success of the London Biofoundry has been in part due to its expertise in establishing channels for industrial translation through its extensive strategic collaborations. It has also become cemented as a key component of various consortia and partnerships that serve the broader bioeconomy and industrial strategies. Adopting a networked approach enables links to be made between infrastructure, researchers, industrialists and policy makers to de-risk the economic challenges of scale-up, as well as contribute to the growing bioeconomy.
A Fast Dynamic Assignment Algorithm for Solving Resource Allocation Problems

The assignment problem is one of the fundamental problems in the field of combinatorial optimization. The Hungarian algorithm can be developed to solve various assignment problems according to each criterion. The assignment problem that is solved in this paper is a dynamic assignment to find the maximum weight on the resource allocation problems. The dynamic characteristic lies in the weight change that can occur after the optimal solution is obtained. The Hungarian algorithm can be used directly, but the initialization process must be done from the beginning every time a change occurs. The solution becomes ineffective because it takes up a lot of time and memory. This paper proposed a fast dynamic assignment algorithm based on the Hungarian algorithm. The proposed algorithm is able to obtain an optimal solution without performing the initialization process from the beginning. Based on the test results, the proposed algorithm has an average time of 0.146 s and an average memory of 4.62 M. While the Hungarian algorithm has an average time of 2.806 s and an average memory of 4.65 M. The fast dynamic assignment algorithm is influenced linearly by the number of change operations and quadratically by the number of vertices.
Colher ou não colher? Uma rede neural convolucional para apoiar cafeicultores na decisão da colheita

In this article, we investigate deep learning models to assist farmers in the decision-making of the coffee harvest. This problem is barely explored in the literature and is very difficult due to the fruits ripening unevenly in the plant. In this sense, we collected thousands of images of coffee trees which were later classified by specialists in the field. In addition, we increased the database using a data augmentation process. Three architectures of convolutional neural networks were trained and had their predictive performance compared. The results show that our best model achieved an accuracy of 93 % and F1 of 92 % in a separated test set of images. Resumo. Nesse artigo é feito um estudo de modelos de aprendizado profundo para auxiliar os agricultores na melhor tomada de decisão da colheita dos cafeeiros. Este é um problema pouco explorado na literatura e se torna difı́cil por conta dos frutos amadurecerem de maneira desuniforme na planta. Nesse sentido, coletamos milhares de imagens de cafeeiros as quais foram posteriormente classificadas por especialistas da área, Além disso, triplicamos a base de dados utilizando o processo de aumento de dados. Três arquiteturas de redes neurais convolucionais foram treinadas e tiveram seu desempenho preditivo comparado. Os resultados mostram que nosso melhor modelo obteve uma acurácia de 93% e F1 de 92% em um conjunto separado de imagens de teste.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Consolidation of Cr2(C,N) Solid Solution Powders

Single-phase Cr2(C,N) powders, which are mainly composed of large worm-like particles with the diameter of 1–3 μm, have been successfully synthesized by carbothermal reduction nitridation (CRN) method at 1200°C for 1 h in N2 atmosphere for the first time. The phase evolution and morphology were investigated using XRD, TG-DSC, SEM, and TEM techniques. The reactions during the synthesis process were proposed and analyzed. The surface of Cr2(C,N) determined by XPS is mainly composed of four elements, Cr, N, C, and O. Furthermore, the attempts to consolidate Cr2(C,N) powders were carried out using spark plasma sintering (SPS), and the fully densified bulk ceramics were obtained at 1200°C. The effect of sintering temperature on phase composition and mechanical properties were also discussed.
XIII. Ueber das bemerkenswerthe Problem der Entwickelung der Krystallformen des Calaverit

Die Gültigkeit des Haüy 'schen Gesetzes der Rationalität der Ableitungscoefficienten, besser bekannt als das Gesetz der Rationalität der Indices — oder dessen Äquivalent: das Gesetz der Homogenität der Anordnung der kleinsten Partikel in einer krystallinischen Structur — ist bis jeizt niemals ernstlich in Frage gestellt worden. Es zeigen aber nun die Krystalle des Goldtellurids »Galaverit« Verhältnisse, welche allem Anscheine nach mit diesem Gesetz nicht übereinstimmen; soweit mir bekannt, ist eine Schwierigkeit genau von der hier vorliegenden Art bislang noch nicht bekannt geworden). Gewisse Substanzen zeigen allerdings die sogenannten optischen Anomalien, allein diese sind, wie M a l l a r d zuerst nachwies, thatsächlich in strenger Uebereinstimmung mit der wirklichen krystallinischen Anordnung. Beim Galaverit stehen wir einem anders gearteten Problem gegenüber. Betrachten wir hier bloss die morphologische Entwickelung der Flächen, so gelangen wir unmittelbar zu dem Schlüsse, dass die Krystalle monokline Symmetrie besitzen. Augenscheinlich ist eine Axe digonaler Symmetrie vorhanden parallel zur Prismenkante, und an vielen Krystallen iindet sich auch eine zu dieser Kante senkrechte Fläche; einspringende Winkel), welche die Annahme rechtfertigen würden, dass die Krystalle anders als
High selectivity and sharp roll-off filtenna array for Ku-band application

ABSTRACT A (1 × 2) filtenna array inspired by an inter-digital-based bandpass filter is presented in this paper for simultaneous radiation and filtration. The feed line of the proposed antenna array resonating at 14 GHz with fractional bandwidth of 5.72% is modified in such a way that it acts like an inter-digital-based bandpass filter. The equivalent lumped circuit model of the proposed structure is analysed and detail synthesis procedure is presented. To study the impact of dimensional variations on the performance of proposed filtenna array, various parametric studies of filtenna and corresponding antenna array are performed and compared. The design strategy involves (N-1) filter circuits for realising a (1 × N) element filtenna array. The proposed array exhibits advantageous features such as low circuit complexity, compact size and low operational power over other reported filtenna arrays. The presented filtenna possesses fractional bandwidth and peak gain of 3.85% and 8.14 dB respectively at resonating frequency of 14 GHz, which covers the standards of Ku-band. The physical size of the filtenna array in terms of free space wave length is 1. 96λ0 × 1. 96λ0 × 0. 073λ0 at 14 GHz. The radiation patterns are omni-directional in E-plane and nearly omni-directional in nature at H-plane at resonance frequency of 14 GHz.
Effect of Chemical and Physical Cross-Linking on Tensile Characteristics of Solution-Blown Soy Protein Nanofiber Mats

Solution-blown soy protein/nylon 6 nanofibers, 40/60 and 50/50 wt/wt %, were collected on a rotating aluminum drum in order to form a mat. The collected fiber mats were bonded both chemically (using aldehydes and ionic cross-linkers) and physically (by means of wet and thermal treatment) to increase the tensile strength to increase the range of application of such green nonwovens. Chemical cross-linkers bond different amino groups, primary amides, and sulfhydryl groups in protein structure. This is beneficial for the enhancement of tensile strength. Such mechanical properties of soy-protein-containing nanofiber mats as Young’s modulus, yield stress, and maximum stress and strain at rupture were measured for different cross-linkers at different contents. Overall, higher contents of cross-linking agents in soy protein nanofiber mats resulted in nanofibers with higher strength which was accompanied by a less plastic behavior. Treatment with ionic cross-linkers resulted in nanofiber mats with higher Young’s m.
Deep Emulators for Differentiation, Forecasting, and Parametrization in Earth Science Simulators

To understand and predict large, complex, and chaotic systems, Earth scientists build simulators from physical laws. Simulators generalize better to new scenarios, require fewer tunable parameters, and are more interpretable than nonphysical deep learning, but procedures for obtaining their derivatives with respect to their inputs are often unavailable. These missing derivatives limit the application of many important tools for forecasting, model tuning, sensitivity analysis, or subgrid‐scale parametrization. Here, we propose to overcome this limitation with deep emulator networks that learn to calculate the missing derivatives. By training directly on simulation data without analyzing source code or equations, this approach supports simulators in any programming language on any hardware without specialized routines for each case. To demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach, we train emulators on complete or partial system states of the chaotic Lorenz‐96 simulator and evaluate the accuracy of their dynamics and derivatives as a function of integration time and training data set size. We further demonstrate that emulator‐derived derivatives enable accurate 4D‐Var data assimilation and closed‐loop training of parametrizations. These results provide a basis for further combining the parsimony and generality of physical models with the power and flexibility of machine learning.
Hepatoprotective Effects of Rubus idaeus L. Leaves against CCl4-Induced Liver Injury via Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory and Antiapoptotic Mechanisms

Aims: To investigate the hepatoprotective effects of red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) leaves against oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in rats. Study Design and Methodology: Forty rats were divided into 5 groups, 1) normal control; 2) Raspberry (Rsp) control (100 mg/kg); 3) CCl4 control; 4) and 5) CCl4 groups pre-treated with 50 and 100 mg/kg of Rsp leaves, respectively, once daily for 10 days. Liver injury was induced on the 11th day in groups 3, 4 and 5 by intraperitoneal injection of CCl4 (1.0 ml/kg) in 50% olive oil (1:1). Serum and liver were separated and prepared for biochemical and histological assay. Antioxidant, inflammatory and apoptotic markers were evaluated. Results: CCl4-induced liver damage was manifested by increased activities of serum marker enzymes, elevated levels of lipid peroxidation and by decreased hepatic antioxidants including reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase. CCl4 also resulted in elevated levels of hepatic inflammatory mediators including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), interleukin -6 (IL-6), IL-1β and nitric oxide (NO) as well as upregulation of apoptotic markers including caspase-3, FasL and Bax. Hepatic levels of Bcl2, an anti-apoptotic factor, was Original Research Article Attia; EJMP, 14(1): 1-16, 2016; Article no.EJMP. 25300 2 decreased by CCl4. Pretreatment with Rsp leaves significantly ameliorated the elevation in serum liver enzymes and prevented lipid peroxidation and the depletion of the antioxidants. In addition, Rsp leaves exhibited anti-inflammatory effects via attenuation of increased hepatic levels of TNF-α, Il-6, IL-1β and NO. Additionally, CCl4-Induced apoptosis in the liver cell was attenuated by Rsp pretreatment. With regard to histological examination, Rsp leaves significantly alleviated degeneration and necrosis of hepatocytes, accompanied by decreased inflammatory cell infiltration. Conclusion: These results suggest that Rsp leaves have protective effects against CCl4-induced acute liver injury, and this protection is likely due to antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic mechanisms.
Overuse of Tuberculosis Surveillance Testing in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Compared to Non-IBD Patients on Biologic Therapy

Abstract Background Biologic treatment for moderate to severe inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) places patients at risk for infectious complications. Tuberculosis (TB) infection and reactivation can lead to serious morbidity and mortality for immunosuppressed patients. As a result, guidelines recommend screening for TB before starting biologic treatment, but a paucity of data remains on the utility of surveillance testing. Methods We performed a retrospective chart review at a single academic center evaluating both IBD and non-IBD patients on biologic therapy. The primary outcome was to determine the number of subsequent surveillance tests performed after initial screening for latent TB in both patient groups. Results A total of 188 patients (147 IBD and 41 non-IBD patients) on biologic therapy were included. Screening for TB before biologic treatment was performed in 56% of non-IBD patients versus 83% for patients with IBD (P = 0.0003). Of the total cohort, 65% had at least 2 follow-up surveillance tests for TB. Three or more surveillance tests were performed in 40% of patients with IBD versus only 13% for non-IBD patients (P = 0.0132). A total of 7 patients (4%) had an abnormal surveillance test. No patients were confirmed to have a diagnosis of TB or underwent treatment. Conclusions Patients on biologic therapy unnecessarily undergo surveillance testing for TB. Patients with IBD on biologic therapy are screened annually for TB at a higher rate compared to non-IBD patients. Standardization of care among patients on biologic therapy is necessary to avoid excessive testing in areas with a low incidence of TB.
Corporate governance and the performance of non-financial firms: the case of Oman

Last two decades, corporate accounting scandals have represented a serious challenge to economic sustainability. To protect the shareholders right against abusive managerial conduct, the concepts of corporate governance structures and provisions have widely attracted the attention of practitioners and researchers. The main purpose of this paper is to examine the linkage between corporate governance and the performance of non-financial firms listed on Muscat Securities Market over the period 2007-2017. Additionally, whether financial leverage acts as a mediating factor is investigated. A panel fixed effect regression is conducted to test if there is a relationship between corporate governance, capital structure and firm performance. Overall results show that women on board, audit committee size, leverage and firm size are positively related to firm performance. The study presents a strong understanding to senior management to be focused more on corporate governance codes and regulations, as well as to both internal and external auditors to strictly monitor the application of corporate governance regulations.
Distortion-Tolerant Monocular Depth Estimation on Omnidirectional Images Using Dual-Cubemap

Estimating the depth of omnidirectional images is more challenging than that of normal field-of-view (NFoV) images because the varying distortion can significantly twist an object’s shape. The existing methods suffer from troublesome distortion while estimating the depth of omnidirectional images, leading to inferior performance. To reduce the negative impact of the distortion influence, we propose a distortion-tolerant omnidirectional depth estimation algorithm using a dual-cubemap. It comprises two modules: Dual-Cubemap Depth Estimation (DCDE) module and Boundary Revision (BR) module. In DCDE module, we present a rotation-based dual-cubemap model to estimate the accurate NFoV depth, reducing the distortion at the cost of boundary discontinuity on omnidirectional depths. Then a boundary revision module is designed to smooth the discontinuous boundaries, which contributes to the precise and visually continuous omnidirectional depths. Extensive experiments demonstrate the superiority of our method over other state-of-the-art solutions.
The Effect of Different Levels of Protein Supplementation in Rations on Feed Consumption, Milk Yield and Milk Composition in Anatolian Buffaloes of Different Ages [Bubalus Bubalis (Iinnaeus, 1758)].

BackgroundIn this study, it was aimed to determine the optimal crude protein level in the ration for milk production and milk composition in milk buffaloes of different ages.Materials, Methods & Results A total of 20 Anatolian buffaloes were used as animal material.Buffalo cows were tested in the early lactation period (lactation period; 65-80 days). Water buffaloes are divided into four groups as young and adult; First, second groups (those who gave birth to the first), third and fourth groups (those who gave birth to the second and more). 5 compartments are allocated for each group.In the trial, buffalo cows with two different trial rations R1; (17.82% CP) and R2; (19.18% CP) were fed.Especially during the experiment, the total DM consumption of adult buffaloes in group 4 and group 3 increased when compared with young buffaloes (p <0.05). As a result of the research, the milk yield values determined in milk buffaloes fed with the R2 ration were found to be higher than the values found in milk buffaloes fed with the R1 ration (6.34-5.64kg / day) (p <0.05). However, the effect of R1 and R2 rations on milk production was similar in young buffaloes (4.22-4.36 kg / day) (p> 0.05).
Expansion of Policy Domain of Sustainable Consumption and Production (SCP): Challenges and Opportunities for Policy Design

Since 2015, the international policy community has started to agree on international agreements with ambitious middle-term and long-term goals, highly relevant to sustainable consumption and production (SCP) such as those seen in the Paris Agreement, SDGs, and the plastic-related agreements at the G7 and G20 processes. Along with this trend, there has been growing attention given to socio-technical system change or “transition”. Policy debate is putting more focus on the need to change consumption and production patterns and deal with various ecological consequences within planetary boundaries such as decarbonization, absolute reduction in material throughput, or creation of a plastic-free society. This paper examines the expansion of the policy domain of SCP in three phases; SCP focusing on pollution control and cleaner production (SCP 1.0), SCP from the perspective of product lifecycle (SCP 2.0), and SCP focusing on systematic changes in socio-technical systems driving consumption and production (SCP 3.0). The potential impact of a wider SCP policy domain can be comparable to the historical shift in discourse related to ecological modernization theory from pollution prevention to efficiency. This emerging trend corresponds to the need for a fresh approach to policy design which can facilitate transition to sustainability.
Secure and Dynamic Multi-Keyword Ranked Search

Nowadays, information storing in third party storage is increased. Outsourcing the data to other storage device or servers which may questioned to the secure environment. However, sensitive data like medical information should need an privacy when it is stored in cloud storage. In this paper, a secure keyword search which provide the resultant data in a encrypted form where the end user can decrypt using the key given to them. It uses the Blowfish to encrypt the data and it also supports the data owner to delete or modify the content of their document. It also ensure accurate relevance score calculation between encrypted index and query vectors.
The Transformative Self

Everyone wants a good life. Some try to create a good life by cultivating personal growth. They have a transformative self. This book explains how people form a transformative self, primarily in their evolving life stories, to help cultivate growth toward a life of happiness, love, and wisdom for the self and others. It introduces an innovative framework of values and personhood to strengthen and integrate three main areas of study: narrative identity, the good life, and personal growth. The result is a unique model of humane growth and human flourishing. Each chapter builds on that framework to explore topics central to the transformative self, such as how cultural beliefs of a good life shape our narrative identity; how narrative thinking shapes cultural and personal beliefs of a good life; how cultural master narratives shape our ideals for personal growth; how growth differs from gain, recovery, and other positive changes in the life story; how happiness, love, wisdom, and growth serve as superordinate goods in life; how the hard and soft margins of society thwart and facilitate personal growth; the dark side of growth; and the lengthy development of authenticity and self-actualizing. This book synthesizes scholarship from scientific research across several subfields of psychology to philosophy, literature, history, and cultural studies. It offers a creative and scientifically grounded framework for exploring three of life’s perennial questions: How do we make sense of our lives? What is a good life? and How do we create one?