Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study on color image tracking and detection algorithms based on particle filter

In Video tracking, detection and tracking need two algorithms. The process is complex and need much time which detection and tracking is. In this paper a hybrid valued sequential state vector is formulated. The state vector is characterized by information of target appearance and of location. Particle filter-based method implements detection and tracking. In order to reduce process time and think of pixel position in tracking field, feature histogram of color-based is as observe vector and used posterior estimate. The experimental results confirm that method can detect and track object in 17.68ms successfully when the number of particles is 160. The method is robust for rolling ,scale and partial occlusion.
Repeatedly Measured Serum Creatinine and Cognitive Performance in Midlife

Background and Objectives Serum creatinine is typically used to assess kidney function. Impaired kidney function and thus high serum creatinine increase the risk of poor cognitive performance. However, serum creatinine might have a nonlinear association because low serum creatinine has been linked to cardiovascular risk and impaired cognitive performance. We studied the longitudinal association between serum creatinine and cognitive performance in midlife. Methods Since 2001, participants from the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study were followed up for 10 years. Serum creatinine was measured repeatedly in 2001, 2007, and 2011. Sex-specific longitudinal trajectories for serum creatinine among participants without kidney disease were identified with latent class growth mixture modeling. Overall cognitive function and 4 specific domains—working memory, episodic memory and associative learning, reaction time, and information processing—were assessed with a computerized cognitive test. Results Four serum creatinine trajectory groups with clinically normal serum creatinine were identified for both men (n = 973) and women (n = 1,204). After 10 years of follow-up, cognitive testing was performed for 2,026 participants 34 to 49 years of age (mean age 41.8 years). In men and women, consistently low serum creatinine was associated with poor childhood school performance, low adulthood education, low adulthood annual income, low physical activity, and smoking. Compared to the men in the low serum creatinine trajectory group, those in the high serum creatinine group had better overall cognitive performance (β = 0.353 SD, 95% CI 0.022–0.684) and working memory (β = 0.351 SD, 95% CI 0.034–0.668), while those in the moderate (β = 0.247 SD, 95% CI 0.026–0.468) or normal (β = 0.244 SD, 95% CI 0.008–0.481) serum creatinine groups had better episodic memory and associative learning. No associations were found for women. Discussion Our results indicate that in men, compared to low serum creatinine levels, consistently high levels may be associated with better memory and learning function in midlife.
Distributed Target Detection in Unknown Interference

Interference can degrade the detection performance of a radar system. To overcome the difficulty of target detection in unknown interference, in this paper we model the interference belonging to a subspace orthogonal to the signal subspace. We design three effective detectors for distributed target detection in unknown interference by adopting the criteria of the generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT), the Rao test, and the Wald test. At the stage of performance evaluation, we illustrate the detection performance of the proposed detectors in the presence of completely unknown interference (not constrained to lie in the above subspace). Numerical examples indicate that the proposed GLRT and Wald test can provide better detection performance than the existing detectors.
Design of Pv in microgrid as energy source and control method using MATLAB/SIMULINK

Microgrid in power system has drawn attention widely for the major benefits in recent years. It is the most economical alternative to conventional energy system which uses Renewable Energy (RE) resources. RE sources ensure pollution free and clean environment by emitting zero CO2. In this paper, a microgrid system using solar photovoltaics (PV) as the Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) and a controlling method for managing the components of microgrid are designed using MATLAB/SIMULINK. The results show that microgrid system is able to become as an alternative energy to replace the fossil fuel based energy system. Also by integrating an effective controller that able to manage the loads and the resources the system is more stable and reliable.
: Fourier analysis sheds light on deep

Summary: We study the training process of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) from the Fourier analysis perspective. We demonstrate a very universal Frequency Principle (F-Principle) – DNNs often ﬁt target functions from low to high frequencies – on high-dimensional benchmark datasets such as MNIST/CIFAR10 and deep neural networks such as VGG16. This F-Principle of DNNs is opposite to the behavior of Jacobi method, a conventional iterative numerical scheme, which exhibits faster convergence for higher frequencies for various scientiﬁc computing problems. With theories under an idealized setting, we illustrate that this F-Principle results from the smoothness/regularity of the commonly used activation functions. The F-Principle implies an implicit bias that DNNs tend to ﬁt training data by a low-frequency function. This understanding provides an explanation of good generalization of DNNs on most real datasets and bad generalization of DNNs on parity function or a randomized dataset.
Location-Based Mobile Gaming and Local Depression Trends: A Study of Pokémon Go

ABSTRACT Emerging literature has begun to investigate the role of technology in public health. Yet, a minimal amount is understood about whether, how, and why digital games, notably mobile games, might affect mental health, particularly depression. In this work, we examine the effect of location-based mobile gaming on local depression trends. We measure population-level depression using a well-established mechanism from the medical and public health literature, internet search of depression-related terms. We argue that the introduction of Pokémon Go, a mobile game that encourages outdoor physical activity, face-to-face socialization, and exposure to nature, may alleviate non-clinical forms of mild depression for users playing the game. To identify the effect, we employ a difference-in-differences approach to exploit the staggered release of Pokémon Go into 166 regions in 12 English-speaking countries. We empirically document a disproportionate decrease in depression-related search in those regions where users are able to play Pokémon Go. This finding lends credence to anecdotal claims that location-based mobile games may alleviate symptoms of depression of their users, underscoring the mental health opportunities of location-based mobile gaming and creating new opportunities for information systems research.
Smooth as Steel Wool: Effects of Visual Stimuli on the Haptic Perception of Roughness in Virtual Reality

Haptic Feedback is essential for lifelike Virtual Reality (VR) experiences. To provide a wide range of matching sensations of being touched or stroked, current approaches typically need large numbers of different physical textures. However, even advanced devices can only accommodate a limited number of textures to remain wearable. Therefore, a better understanding is necessary of how expectations elicited by different visualizations affect haptic perception, to achieve a balance between physical constraints and great variety of matching physical textures. In this work, we conducted an experiment (N=31) assessing how the perception of roughness is affected within VR. We designed a prototype for arm stroking and compared the effects of different visualizations on the perception of physical textures with distinct roughnesses. Additionally, we used the visualizations’ real-world materials, no-haptics and vibrotactile feedback as baselines. As one result, we found that two levels of roughness can be sufficient to convey a realistic illusion.
Homelessness and Depressive Symptoms

Abstract The present systematic review aimed to summarize data on the prevalence and treatment of depressive symptoms among homeless people. We referred to the PubMed and Google Scholar databases to identify relevant studies on the topic. Among the 43 included studies, we found great variability in the prevalence of depressive symptoms among homeless people (ranging from 9.9% to 77.5%). Comparative studies among the homeless versus nonhomeless population showed that rates of depressive symptoms are 5 to 14 times higher in the homeless population. Similar differences were also found for suicidal ideation. The lack of research and treatment plans for this specific population further encourages more evidence and special therapeutic intervention. Although little has been found in the literature, a substantial improvement in the quality of life and reduction in depressive symptoms was demonstrated when therapeutic interventions were performed among homeless people (i.e., housing, nursing, access to community care and effective services and supports programs, mindfulness, pharmacological treatment).
Painful Mono-Ocular Vision Loss by Apical Orbital Cavernous Hemangioma-A Rare Cause

: We present a 41-year-old male with features of painful optic neuropathy in the form of side-locked headache and ipsilateral marked diminution of vision due to an apically located cavernous hemangioma. The lesion was excised and was found to be a Cavernous hemangioma on histopathology. The patient had improvement in vision post-operatively. Orbital cavernous hemangiomais one of the common benignintraconal orbital tumors,it usually presents with proptosis and its location at orbital apex is very rare. The present case describes a rare location of orbital hemangioma and the need to include the entity in the list of differential diagnoses for lesions presenting with optic neuropathy. Besides, the case reiterates the typical imaging features of orbital hemangioma.
The Fate of Leydig Cells in Men with Spermatogenic Failure

The steroidogenic cells in the testicle, Leydig cells, located in the interstitial compartment, play a vital role in male reproductive tract development, maintenance of proper spermatogenesis, and overall male reproductive function. Therefore, their dysfunction can lead to all sorts of testicular pathologies. Spermatogenesis failure, manifested as azoospermia, is often associated with defective Leydig cell activity. Spermatogenic failure is the most severe form of male infertility, caused by disorders of the testicular parenchyma or testicular hormone imbalance. This review covers current progress in knowledge on Leydig cells origin, structure, and function, and focuses on recent advances in understanding how Leydig cells contribute to the impairment of spermatogenesis.
Domain-Speciﬁc View of Semantic

: This paper investigates how universal pre-trained embedding can be adapted tohandle the diversity of semantic in specific domains.And present a novel adapting method that relies on the view of semantic constraints to adapt an off the shelfwordembedding to close fit the view of the semanticsof the target domain. The view of semantic constraints are extracted from quite available resources, a text corpus and a domain-specific dictionary. The view of semantic extraction eliminates the need for rare special-purpose semantic resources and the additional effort for locally trained embedding. The methodis implemented as a lightweight final tuning process.The results show that our method outperformed the state of the art embedding adapting methods in the task of Community Question Answering (CQA) for the Arabic medical domain.
Journal Pre-proof Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation to treat benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to Treat Benign Epilepsy with Centrotemporal Spikes

Objectives To investigate the effects of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on patients with benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS). Methods In this open pilot study, we enrolled four BECTS patients who had frequent seizures (at least 3 seizures during the 3-month baseline). After localizing sources of interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) with magnetoencephalography, IEDs-source-rTMS (1 Hz) with 500 pulses at 90% of resting motor threshold was applied for 10 weekdays in each patient. The primary outcome measure was the seizure-reduction rate after rTMS. Other outcome measures were the spike-wave index (SWI), behavioral evaluation, and adverse effects. Results All four patients received at least 3 months seizure-free after rTMS. Compared with baseline, SWI decreased significantly after rTMS in three patients (patient 1, 3 and 4) (P = .002, P = .007, and P < .001, respectively). Attention deficit identified in two patients in baseline recovered to the normal range after rTMS. No adverse effect was observed. Discussion Our preliminary observation provides a promising approach to reducing clinical seizures for BECTS with frequent seizures. Of importance, our data may provide a potentially novel method for the high prevalence of behavioral problems in BECTS patients via decreasing cortical hyperexcitability.
Should decisions in QCDCL follow prefix order?

Quantified conflict-driven clause learning (QCDCL) is one of the main solving approaches for quantified Boolean formulas (QBF). One of the differences between QCDCL and propositional CDCL is that QCDCL typically follows the prefix order of the QBF for making decisions. We investigate an alternative model for QCDCL solving where decisions can be made in arbitrary order. The resulting system $$\textsf{QCDCL}^\textsf {{A\tiny {\MakeUppercase {ny}}}}$$ QCDCL A NY is still sound and terminating, but does not necessarily allow to always learn asserting clauses or cubes. To address this potential drawback, we additionally introduce two subsystems that guarantee to always learn asserting clauses ($$\textsf{QCDCL}^\textsf {{U\tiny {\MakeUppercase {ni}}-A\tiny {\MakeUppercase {ny}}}}$$ QCDCL U NI - A NY ) and asserting cubes ($$\textsf{QCDCL}^\textsf {{E\tiny {\MakeUppercase {xi}}-A\tiny {\MakeUppercase {ny}}}}$$ QCDCL E XI - A NY ), respectively. We model all four approaches by formal proof systems and show that $$\textsf{QCDCL}^\textsf {{U\tiny {\MakeUppercase {ni}}-A\tiny {\MakeUppercase {ny}}}}$$ QCDCL U NI - A NY is exponentially better than $$\mathsf{{QCDCL}} $$ QCDCL on false formulas, whereas $$\textsf{QCDCL}^\textsf {{E\tiny {\MakeUppercase {xi}}-A\tiny {\MakeUppercase {ny}}}}$$ QCDCL E XI - A NY is exponentially better than $$\mathsf{{QCDCL}} $$ QCDCL on true QBFs. Technically, this involves constructing specific QBF families and showing lower and upper bounds in the respective proof systems. We complement our theoretical study with some initial experiments that confirm our theoretical findings.
Chemical Analysis of Composite Flour Using Locally Available Coarse Grains

: The present study was investigated that the combination of Whole wheat flour, Ragi flour, Green gram flour, Soya flour and roasted groundnut contains high amount of energy, protein with essential amino acids composition along with vitamins and minerals content, will enhance the nutrients value. The objective of the present study is to prepare composite flour with the incorporation of coarse grains and analyze the nutritional composition of the prepared composite flour. The composite flour was prepared with the mixing of five ingredients using soaked Whole wheat flour (WF) and other soaked flour namely; Ragi flour (RF). Green gram flour (GGF), Soy flour (SF) and Roasted groundnut (RG) to analyzed for the nutritional composition by using the standard procedures. The nutrition composition like energy, protein, fat, calcium and phosphorous were found high in the composite flour.
The Effect of Dry Hopping Efficiency on β-Myrcene Dissolution into Beer

The production of heavily hopped beers, such as Indian Pale Ale (IPA) styles, has been gaining momentum in recent years in the Central European markets. To this end, the dry hopping process is becoming increasingly popular, mostly in microbreweries, but also with larger manufacturers. In our research, we investigated the dissolution rate of the main volatile component of hops, β-myrcene with a modified dry hopping method. Following the primary fermentation, we applied the dry hopping process, where the weighed hops were chopped and blended into a container with 0.5 L of beer and later added to the young beer. During the dry hopping process, we determined various important parameters of the beer, and we repeated the same measurements for the bottled beer. In the first 96 h of the dry hopping process, we monitored the concentration of β-myrcene so that we managed to determine the dissolution rate constant (k = 0.1946 h−1). The β-myrcene concentration stabilizes after 44 h in the fermenter. At the same time, measurements were conducted for bitterness, pH, CO2 and alcohol content, extract and density during the process. Our experiment demonstrates that a new method of dry hopping provides a much higher concentration of β-myrcene (215 μg/L) than other methods indicated in former studies in the field. A health and safety assessment of β-myrcene was also made and we determined what the safe amount of β-myrcene ingested with IPA beer is. Our modified process was successful, we were able to determine the dissolution rate of β-myrcene, and the recommended daily intake of IPA beer with particular reference to β-myrcene.
Supercapacitor Modeling for Real-Time Simulation Applications

Supercapacitor-based energy storage systems have proved their performance in stabilizing the power system, particularly during disturbances, which require high power capability, but low energy density, such as during frequency support services. Several models have been proposed in literature to model the supercapacitors, aiming to maximize the model accuracy in the whole frequency spectrum. However, their real-time modeling has been not deeply studied, in particular, considering the real-time simulation constraints, that limit either the model details or the simulation size. This work introduces a modeling guideline for supercapacitors for real-time simulations, proposing a tradeoff between the model accuracy and the required computational time to simulate it. Compared to existing models, this work assesses their time- and frequency-domain accuracy, estimates required computational time, and recommends which model is suited for a specific power system analysis or application.
Emotions of burden, intensive mothering and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy

ABSTRACT Addressing mothers’ vaccine hesitancy, which is a state of indecision rather than refusal, may become critical to public health responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. Extant research separately examines how intensive mothering ideology and emotions interact with childhood vaccine hesitancy; however, little is known about the emotions at the intersection of motherhood and vaccine hesitancy. To address this, we seek to understand the emotions experienced by COVID-19 vaccine hesitant mothers who experience the societal pressures arising from the ideology of intensive mothering. Interviews (n = 30) were conducted with women in Australia who identify as mothers and self-report to have concerns about COVID-19 vaccination of their children. The findings suggest ‘emotions of burden’, specifically fear of being a ‘bad mother’ and anticipated guilt about failing to be a ‘good mother’, are experienced by mothers striving to meet societal expectations of intensive mothering though their vaccination decision. These findings provide a more nuanced understanding of mothers’ experiences in making vaccination decisions for their children and lends further empirical support to critiques of intensive mothering ideology as well as public perceptions of vaccine hesitant mothers. Practically, public health campaigns that avoid intimations of ‘bad mothering’ and acknowledge how emotionally burdensome the COVID-19 vaccination decision can be for vaccine hesitant mothers are indicated.
A resistorless MOSFET-only current reference for energy harvesting applications

This work presents a resistorless MOSFET-only current reference on a standard $\boldsymbol{0.13 \mu \mathrm{m}}$ CMOS process. The proposed architecture makes full use of subthreshold and deep triode MOSFETs to avoid the employment of any passive component. The current reference is based on the sum of proportional-to-absolute-temperature and complementary-to-absolute-temperature and a current-adder to result in a constant current. The current reference output produces an average current of 41.5 nA at 2 V of power supply, with a 0.19 ${\mathbf{nA}/^{\circ}\mathrm{C}}$ for a temperature range of −10 to $\boldsymbol{60 ^{\circ}\mathrm{C}}$. The temperature coefficient demonstrated seems reasonable and capable of providing bias current for other circuits within the PMC. The proposed architecture can be employed in power management circuits for energy harvesting systems and be used on wireless sensor networks and implantable medical devices.
of the original manuscript In vivo biocompatibility study of degradable homo- vs. multiblock copolymers and their (micro)structure compared to an established biomaterial

: Copolyetheresterurethane (PDC) is a biodegradable, shape-memory biomaterial, which has been shown to be of low toxicity and pro-angiogenic in vitro . In the present study, we examined the in vivo compatibility of PDC as a compression molded film and as electrospun scaffolds and its well established constituent, the homopolymer poly( p -dioxanone) (PPDO), which were compared with the clinically used poly[(vinylidene co material. The materials were implanted in the subcutaneous tissue of mice and the host responses were analyzed histologically 7 and 28 days after implantation. All materials induced a foreign body response (FRB) including the induction of foreign body giant cells and a peripheral fibrous capsule. PDC, PPDO and PVDF films showed no signs of degradation after 28 days. PDC films showed a significantly reduced associated macrophage layer and fibrous capsule on their surface. Few fragments of PDC implantation. In addition, only PDC aligned fibrous scaffold structures induced a significant increase in angiogenesis. In summary, PDC films outperformed PPDO and PVDF films in terms of compatibility, especially in capsule and macrophage layer thickness. Through microstructuring of PDC and PPDO into scaffolds an almost complete degradation was observed after 28 days, while their respective films remained almost unchanged. However, the capsule thickness of all scaffolds was comparable to the films after 28 days. Finally, the parallel arrangement of PDC fibers enabled a strong enhancement of angiogenesis within the scaffold. Hence, material chemistries influence overall compatibility in vivo , while angiogenesis could be influenced more strongly by microstructural parameters than chemical ones.