Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Computational principles underlying the evolution of cultural learning mechanisms

Cumulative culture requires efficient learning mechanisms that can withstand environmental change across generations. We unify two competing theories of the learning mechanism supporting cumulative culture in a common computational framework, distinguishing model-based from model-free social learning. We describe and analyze evolutionary models that explain when and why model-based and model-free social learning are each optimal, and in particular how environmental volatility determines which strategy succeeds. Strikingly, we find that model-based social learning can succeed even in highvolatility environments. These results yield novel predictions concerning cultural variation in social learning mechanisms.
On correctness of the two-level model for description of active medium in quantum plasmonics

In order to simplify the theoretical description of spasers, a gain medium is commonly represented by a two-level system (TLS). A realistic model, however, should have four levels. By using the Lindblad equations we develop a description of such a system and show that depending on ratios of the Rabi frequency and the rate of relaxation of the polarization, a four-level system (FLS) may be reduced to one of two effective TLSs that reproduce the key properties of a FLS.
Minat Penggunaan M-Banking Bank Konvensional di Kabupaten Sumbawa: Implementasi Technology Acceptance Model

This study aims to examine the public's interest in using m-banking in conventional banks in Sumbawa Regency. The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) was employed as the underlying framework, and the research was conducted using a field survey method. Data for this study were collected online through convenience sampling using a self-registered questionnaire. The data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) Partial Least Squares (PLS). The findings indicate significant influences between attitude toward using, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and smartphone self efficacy on m-banking usage intention. Perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and user experience have a significant impact on m-banking usage intention. Additionally, smartphone self efficacy also influences the perceived ease of use in m-banking, but it does not have an effect on the perceived usefulness. These findings provide a better understanding of the factors influencing the public's interest in using m-banking in conventional banks in Sumbawa Regency.
Discussion of “Elicitability and backtesting: Perspectives for banking regulation”

In our discussion of the insightful paper by Nolde and Ziegel, we further investigate comparative backtests based on consistent scoring functions. We use Diebold-Mariano tests in pairwise comparisons instead of mere rankings in terms of average scores, and illustrate the use of weighted proper scoring rules, which address the quality of forecasts of the full loss distribution in its upper tail rather than some specific risk measure such as the Value at Risk. Overall, at lower levels up to 95%, these allow for better discrimination between competing forecasting methods.
Immunomodulatory Effect of Flammulina rossica Fermentation Extract on Healthy and Immunosuppressed Mice

Flammulina rossica fermentation extract (FREP) was obtained by ethanol precipitation of the fermentation broth. The molecular weight of FREP is 28.52 kDa, and it mainly contains active ingredients such as polysaccharides, proteins, reducing sugars, and 16 amino acids. Among them, the polysaccharides were mannose, glucose, galactose, arabinose, and fucose and possessed β-glycosidic bonds. Furthermore, the immunoregulatory activities of FREP were investigated in vivo. The results demonstrated that FREP could increase the counts of CD4+ T lymphocytes and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ in a dose-dependent manner in healthy mice. In addition, FREP significantly increased serum cytokines, including IL-2, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-6, IL-1β, INF-γ, C-rection protein, and TNF-α, and promoted splenocyte proliferation in healthy mice. Finally, FREP could restore the counts of white blood cells, red blood cells, secretory immunoglobulin A, and antibody-forming cells and significantly promote the serum haemolysin level in mice treated with cyclophosphamide. The findings indicated that FREP possessed immunoregulatory activity in healthy mice and could improve the immune functions in immunosuppressive mice. Therefore, FREP could be exploited as an immunomodulatory agent and potential immunotherapeutic medicine for patients with inadequate immune function.
Indium‐Assisted Plasma‐Enhanced Low‐Temperature Growth of Silicon Oxide Nanowires

The nanowires of the silicon oxide SiOx (x ≤ 2) are synthesized on an indium catalyst by the gas‐jet electron beam plasma chemical vapor deposition (GJ EBP CVD) method using a monosilane‐argon‐hydrogen mixture with the simultaneous supply of the oxygen into the vacuum chamber. The arrays of the aligned microropes (bundles) of nanowires are formed at the substrate temperatures of 200–335 °С. At the temperature of 160 °С the cocoon‐like structures of SiOx nanowires are synthesized. The obtained results are explained within the synthesis model suggested previously. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) transmittance spectra are recorded to study the chemical composition of the nanowires. It is shown that the nanowires synthesized at temperatures of 200–335 °С consist of SiOx with x = 1.93 ± 0.04. The arrays of the oriented microropes of the SiOx nanowires exhibit the intense photoluminescence at a room temperature with a maximum in a range of the energies from 2 to 3 eV. The photoluminescence spectra of the oriented microropes synthesized on silicon substrates with the indium catalyst are shifted toward lower energies from 2.7–2.8 to 2.4–2.5 eV at the changing growth temperatures from 200 to 335 °C.
Two proteins, One model organism On the functional characterization of Lkb1 and Ring1b in zebrafish

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Preparation of hydroxyapatite nanofibers by using ionic liquids as template and application in enhancing hydrogel performance

Introduction: Hydroxyapatite (HAP or HA) nanofibers are very attractive in the field of biomedical engineering. However, templates used for preparing HAP nanofibers are usually hydrophobic molecules, like fatty acids and/or surfactants, which are difficult to remove and potentially toxic. Therefore, it is important to develop a green approach to prepare HAP nanofibers. Methods: Imidazolium-based ionic liquids (ILs) were used as templates to control the crystallization of HAP. The obtained HAP nanofibers were composited into polyvinyl alcohol-sodium alginate (PVA-Alg) hydrogel (HAP@H). The rheological performance, stretching, and compression properties were tested. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were adopted to characterize the morphology, size, crystallographic orientations, and phase of HAP@H. Results: HAP nanofibers with a length of ∼50 μm were harvested. The DSC results proved that water loss temperature increased from 98°C (for pure hydrogel) to 107°C (for HAP@H). Also, HAP@H hydrogel presented much better porous structure, tensile performance, and compressive performance than that of pure hydrogel. Discussion: The morphology, size, and growth direction of HAP could be modulated easily by altering the alkyl chain length of ILs’ cations. This is possibly due to face-specific adsorption of imidazolium moieties on HAP nanocrystals. The enhancing performance of HAP@H is probably due to the composited highly oriented HAP nanofibers.
Optimization of Spatial and Temporal Configuration of a Pressure Sensing Array to Predict Posture and Mobility in Lying

Commercial pressure monitoring systems have been developed to assess conditions at the interface between mattress/cushions of individuals at risk of developing pressure ulcers. Recently, they have been used as a surrogate for prolonged posture and mobility monitoring. However, these systems typically consist of high-resolution sensing arrays, sampling data at more than 1 Hz. This inevitably results in large volumes of data, much of which may be redundant. Our study aimed at evaluating the optimal number of sensors and acquisition frequency that accurately predict posture and mobility during lying. A continuous pressure monitor (ForeSitePT, Xsensor, Calgary, Canada), with 5664 sensors sampling at 1 Hz, was used to assess the interface pressures of healthy volunteers who performed lying postures on two different mattresses (foam and air designs). These data were down sampled in the spatial and temporal domains. For each configuration, pressure parameters were estimated and the area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve (AUC) was used to determine their ability in discriminating postural change events. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) was employed to predict static postures. There was a non-linear decline in AUC values for both spatial and temporal down sampling. Results showed a reduction of the AUC for acquisition frequencies lower than 0.3 Hz. For some parameters, e.g., pressure gradient, the lower the sensors number the higher the AUC. Posture prediction showed a similar accuracy of 63−71% and 84−87% when compared to the commercial configuration, on the foam and air mattress, respectively. This study revealed that accurate detection of posture and mobility events can be achieved with a relatively low number of sensors and sampling frequency.
Review of Disease-Specific microRNAs by Strategically Bridging Genetics and Epigenetics in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most prevalent human malignancies and a global health concern with a poor prognosis despite some therapeutic advances, highlighting the need for a better understanding of its molecular etiology. The genomic landscape of OSCC is well-established and recent research has focused on miRNAs, which regulate gene expression and may be useful non-invasive biomarkers or therapeutic targets. A plethora of findings regarding miRNA expression have been generated, posing challenges for the interpretation and identification of disease-specific molecules. Hence, we opted to identify the most important regulatory miRNAs by bridging genetics and epigenetics, focusing on the key genes implicated in OSCC development. Based on published reports, we have developed custom panels of fifteen major oncogenes and five major tumor suppressor genes. Following a miRNA/target gene interaction analysis and a comprehensive study of the literature, we selected the miRNA molecules which target the majority of these panels that have been reported to be downregulated or upregulated in OSCC, respectively. As a result, miR-34a-5p, miR-155-5p, miR-124-3p, miR-1-3p, and miR-16-5p appeared to be the most OSCC-specific. Their expression patterns, verified targets, and the signaling pathways affected by their dysregulation in OSCC are thoroughly discussed.
S-SGD: Symmetrical Stochastic Gradient Descent with Weight Noise Injection for Reaching Flat Minima

The stochastic gradient descent (SGD) method is most widely used for deep neural network (DNN) training. However, the method does not always converge to a flat minimum of the loss surface that can demonstrate high generalization capability. Weight noise injection has been extensively studied for finding flat minima using the SGD method. We devise a new weight-noise injection-based SGD method that adds symmetrical noises to the DNN weights. The training with symmetrical noise evaluates the loss surface at two adjacent points, by which convergence to sharp minima can be avoided. Fixed-magnitude symmetric noises are added to minimize training instability. The proposed method is compared with the conventional SGD method and previous weight-noise injection algorithms using convolutional neural networks for image classification. Particularly, performance improvements in large batch training are demonstrated. This method shows superior performance compared with conventional SGD and weight-noise injection methods regardless of the batch-size and learning rate scheduling algorithms.
Interaction of a rectangular jet with a slotted plate in presence of a control mechanism: Experimental study of the aeroacoustic field

Abstract. The acoustic comfort inside residential buildings is of high interest. HVAC systems employ different shapes of diffusers to ensure air mixing. The interaction between the airflows and the blades of these terminals may result in intense noise radiation. In this work, an experimental study was carried out to investigate the aero-acoustic production of a rectangular jet impinging on a rectangular plate with a slot. For certain flow regimes, such configuration results in whistles with high acoustic levels, called "self-sustaining tones". These tones result from the interaction between the Aerodynamic modes of the jet and acoustic modes. The impact of the vortical structures on the rectangular plate results in pressure waves that re-excite the jet near its exit. This feedback mechanism and the aero-acoustic coupling are responsible for the high-energy tones and can lead to structural fatigue through vibrations. A control mechanism consisting of a thin rod was introduced between the jet nozzle and the impinging wall to disturb the vortex dynamics responsible for the loop of the self-sustaining tones. A total of 1085 positions of the rod were tested between the nozzle and the impinged plate to identify positions of optimal noise reduction. Simultaneous Stereoscopic Particle Image Velocimetry (SPIV) and unsteady pressure measurements were conducted to characterize both the kinematic and the acoustic fields. Two zones were distinguished in terms of control efficacy. In the first one, the sound pressure level dropped by 19 dB, while in the second zone, the sound pressure level increased by 14 dB. The velocity fields show that the presence of the rod divides the main jet into two lateral jets from both sides of the axis of the convergent. The presence of the cylinder creates an artificial expansion of the jet and divides it into two shear flows or jet-like flows. The outer part of these flows expands radially with less interaction with the plate as compared to the case without control. This behavior affects the deformation of vortices against the slot and results in a disappearance of the loop of self-sustaining tones. The main novelty of this work relates to the implementation and analysis of a control mechanism using 2D3C (SPIV) velocity measurements simultaneously with the acoustic radiation produced by the interaction of this flow with a slotted impinging wall.
Pure SU(3) Topological Susceptibility at Finite Temperature with the Wilson Flow

Szabolcs Borsányi, a Zoltán Fodor, abc Sándor Katz, cd Simon Mages ∗,beDániel Nógrádi, c and Kálmán K. Szabó ab aUniversity of Wuppertal, Department of Physics, Wuppertal D-42097, Germany bJülich Supercomputing Center, Jülich D-52425, Germany cEötvös University, Budapest 1117, Hungary dMTA-ELTE "Lendulet" Lattice Gauge Theory Research Group, B udapest, 1117, Hungary eUniversity of Regensburg, Department of Physics, Regensbu rg D-93053, Germany
IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI)

Syifaul Fuada, Trio Adiono Study Programme on Telecommunication Systems, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, Indonesia Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering (ITEE), Center for Wireless Communications (CWC), University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland Department of Electrical Engineering, School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia
The Role of Stocks & Shocks Concepts in the Debate Over Price vs. Quantity

Many economists and policy makers have long favored the use of a price instrument to control greenhouse gases because they are a stock pollutant and as such the marginal benefit of abatement is relatively flat. While the early literature on the problem is consistent with this view, the later literature is less categorical. It showed that the choice between a price or quantity control depends, in part, upon the assumption on the dynamic structure of cost uncertainty. Temporary shocks to abatement cost favors the use of a price control, while permanent shocks favor a quantity control. Unfortunately, the importance of this assumption to the optimal choice has not yet received wide currency among economists. We analyze the problem in an alternative setting and reproduce the result that temporary shocks favor use of a price control while permanent shocks favor use of a quantity control. Our contribution is the simplicity of the model and the accessibility of the results, which reinforce the critical role played by the assumed structure of uncertainty.
Correction of Shape Error at Cut-In and Cut-Out Points in Abrasive Waterjet Cutting of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP)

This paper presents a solution aimed at enhancing the accuracy of abrasive waterjet cutting (AWJC) for the processing of carbon-fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRP). Processing CFRP with high accuracy and good surface quality in a short processing time is a difficult task. One crucial problem is the occurrence of shape errors, overcuts, at the cut-in and cut-out point during the cutting process. Shape errors have the potential to create mechanical stress concentrators, which can result in structural failures and compromise the integrity and reliability of components. The primary objective of this study was to gain a comprehensive understanding of the formation mechanism underlying the shape error. The observed shape error is closely associated with both the lead-in/lead-out strategies employed and the process parameters selected. The experimental investigation focused on two commonly used strategies for CFRP cutting: lead-in/lead-out in arc and lead-in/lead-out in line. In order to minimize shape errors, this study proposed a correction method that offers a set of recommendations for selecting the appropriate lead-in/out strategy and a suitable combination of process parameters. Additionally, a mathematical model has been developed to determine the depth of the shape error. The conclusions drawn from this study have been successfully validated through industrial applications.
Stationary measures associated to analytic iterated function schemes

We study how the stationary measure associated to analytic contractions on the unit interval behaves under changes in the contractions and the weights. Firstly we give a simple proof of the fact that the integrals of analytic functions with respect to the stationary measure vary analytically if we perturb the contractions and the weights analytically. Secondly, we consider the special case of affine contractions and we prove a conjecture of J. Fraser in on the Kantorovich–Wasserstein distance between two stationary measures associated to affine contractions on the unit interval with different rates of contraction.
Development of the tunneling junction simulation environment for scanning tunneling microscope evaluation

Proper configuration of scanning tunneling microscope electronics plays an important role in the atomic scale resolution surface imaging. Device evaluation in the tunneling contact between scanning tip and sample may be prone to the surface quality or mechanical disturbances. Thus the use of tunneling junction simulator makes electronics testing more reliable and increases its repeatability. Here, we present the theoretical background enabling the proper selection of electronic components circuitry used as a tunneling junction simulator. We also show how to simulate mechanics related to the piezoelectric scanner, which is applied in real experiments. Practical use of the proposed simulator and its application in metrological characterization of the developed scanning tunneling microscope is also shown.
RIPless Based Radar Waveform Analysis in Sparse Microwave Imaging

Echo data can be modeled as the product of the Toeplitz matrix and reflectivity of the observed scene. The row of the Toeplitz matrix is the time shift of the transmitted signal. Because it is difficult to verify whether the Toeplitz matrix satisfies the reconstruction condition (such as restricted isometry property) of sparse microwave imaging, analyzing the performance of the transmitted signal in sparse microwave imaging is a problem. RIPless, a new progress in sparse signal processing, shows that if the row of the matrix is an independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) random vector drawn from a distribution, and this distribution satisfies certain conditions, then one can faithfully recover approximately sparse signals from a minimal number of measurements. The Toeplitz matrix satisfies RIPless. In this paper, we introduce the construction of the measurement matrix in sparse microwave imaging. Further, the relationship between pulse duration, bandwidth and waveform type, and the number of measurements in sparse microwave imaging are analyzed. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Dynamics of a Predator–Prey Model with Holling Type II Functional Response Incorporating a Prey Refuge Depending on Both the Species

Abstract We propose a mathematical model for prey–predator interactions allowing prey refuge. A prey–predator model is considered in the present investigation with the inclusion of Holling type-II response function incorporating a prey refuge depending on both prey and predator species. We have analyzed the system for different interesting dynamical behaviors, such as, persistent, permanent, uniform boundedness, existence, feasibility of equilibria and their stability. The ranges of the significant parameters under which the system admits a Hopf bifurcation are investigated. The system exhibits Hopf-bifurcation around the unique interior equilibrium point of the system. The explicit formula for determining the stability, direction and periodicity of bifurcating periodic solutions are also derived with the use of both the normal form and the center manifold theory. The theoretical findings of this study are substantially validated by enough numerical simulations. The ecological implications of the obtained results are discussed as well.
The Efficacy of Transplanting Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell Sheets in the Treatment of Myocardial Infarction in Mice

The transplantation of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) sheets derived from human umbilical cords (hUCs) was investigated in this study as a potential application in treating myocardial infarction (MI). Two groups of hUC-MSC sheets were formed by populating LunaGelTM, which are 3D scaffolds of photo-crosslinkable gelatin-based hydrogel with two different cell densities. An MI model was created by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery of healthy BALB/c mice. After two weeks, the cell sheets were applied directly to the MI area and the efficacy of the treatment was evaluated over the next two weeks by monitoring the mice’s weight, evaluating the left ventricle ejection fraction, and assessing the histology of the heart tissue at the end of the experiment. Higher cell density showed significantly greater efficiency in MI mice treatment in terms of weight gain and the recovery of ejection fraction. The heart tissue of the groups receiving cell sheets showed human-CD44-positive staining and reduced fibrosis and apoptosis. In conclusion, the hUC-MSC sheets ameliorated heart MI injury in mice and the efficacy of the cell sheets improved as the number of cells increased.