Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Análise de Sentimentos para Subsidiar Reformas Curriculares Considerando o Ponto de Vista Estudantil

O sistema de educação escolar vigente no Brasil está organizado em dois níveis, sendo um deles o ensino superior. Neste nível, são asseguradas a criação, organização e extinção de cursos e programas educacionais. Considerando o desenvolvimento curricular destes cursos, diversos pontos conflitantes são encontrados e que, com o passar do tempo, sua matriz se torna defasada, fazendo-se necessário um processo de revisão e atualização. Neste processo, os estudantes estão quase sempre à margem das discussões. Portanto, este estudo apresenta a aplicação da técnica de análise de sentimentos para extrair insights baseadas na opinião dos estudantes sobre a matriz curricular, apontando, através de seus sentimentos, subsídios para uma reforma curricular.
Symmetric ribbon disks

We study the ribbon discs that arise from a symmetric union presentation of a ribbon knot. A natural notion of symmetric ribbon number is introduced and compared with the classical ribbon number. We show that the gap between these numbers can be arbitrarily large by constructing an infinite family of ribbon knots with ribbon number 2 and arbitrarily large symmetric ribbon number. The proof is based on a particularly simple description of symmetric unions in terms of certain band diagrams which leads to an upper bound for the Heegaard genus of their branched double covers.
Morphea after initiation of dupilumab in two pediatric atopic dermatitis patients

Morphea is a rare multifactorial autoimmune disorder characterized by a complex and dynamic interplay between Th1 and Th2 signaling. Active clinical trials are currently investigating the safety and efficacy of dupilumab for the treatment of primary morphea. Here, we present two cases of morphea that developed in pediatric atopic dermatitis patients treated with dupilumab. These findings may support a causal relationship between IL‐4 receptor blockade and the development of the early inflammatory phase of morphea.
Optimization of beam shaping and error quantification of calibration approach using E-FISHG based electric field measurements

Electric-field measurement based on the electric-field-induced second-harmonic generation (E-FISHG) method is a promising tool for a noncontact field measurement in plasmas and gases. For the E-FISHG method, a probing laser beam is focused at the measurement target by a lens, and the signals integrated along the laser path are acquired. Although the signal is frequently calibrated under uniform electric fields, the yielded value is erroneous if one does not consider the difference in the electric-field-profiles between the calibration and measurement. In this paper, we review the calibration and measurement targets of relevant studies, assess the error in the conventional method for the streamer discharge measurement, and give guidelines on which calibration approach to use depending on the electric field profile to be measured. Our approach uses cylindrical-to-cylindrical electrodes and multipoint measurement corresponding to the target length along the optical path, gas, and pressure.
Young‐measure solutions to a generalized Benjamin–Bona–Mahony equation

We consider the evolution of microstructure under the dynamics of the generalized Benjamin–Bona–Mahony equation with u: ℝ2 → ℝ. If we model the initial microstructure by a sequence of spatially faster and faster oscillating classical initial data vn, we obtain a sequence of spatially highly oscillatory classical solutions un. By considering the Young measures (YMs) ν and µ generated by the sequences vn and un, respectively, as n → ∞, we derive a macroscopic evolution equation for the YM solution µ, and show exemplarily how such a measure‐valued equation can be exploited in order to obtain classical evolution equations for effective (macroscopic) quantities of the microstructure for suitable initial data vn and non‐linearities f. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Exploring Active Peptides with Antimicrobial Activity In Planta against Xylella fastidiosa

Simple Summary Xylella fastidiosa is one of the most harmful plant bacteria in the world, which could lead to significant economic losses. The lack of direct and efficient therapies to treat plants infected with this bacterium has involved researchers in the search for new approaches and compounds capable of countering this alarming pathogen. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are one of the promising candidates for sustainable and eco-friendly treatment for agricultural applications. Accordingly, nine AMPs against Xf were evaluated, three of which were shown to be promising in limiting Xf growth and its biofilm formation in in vivo and in vitro experiments, and thus, are considered as emerging biocontrol agents against Xf infection. Abstract Xylella fastidiosa (Xf) is a xylem-limited quarantine plant bacterium and one of the most harmful agricultural pathogens across the world. Despite significant research efforts, neither a direct treatment nor an efficient strategy has yet been developed for combatting Xylella-associated diseases. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been gaining interest as a promising sustainable tool to control pathogens due to their unique mechanism of action, broad spectrum of activity, and low environmental impact. In this study, we disclose the bioactivity of nine AMPs reported in the literature to be efficient against human and plant pathogen bacteria, i.e., Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, against Xf, through in vitro and in vivo experiments. Based on viable-quantitative PCR (v-qPCR), fluorescence microscopy (FM), optical density (OD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) assays, peptides Ascaphin-8 (GF19), DASamP1 (FF13), and DASamP2 (IL14) demonstrated the highest bactericidal and antibiofilm activities and were more efficient than the peptide PB178 (KL29), reported as one of the most potent AMPs against Xf at present. Furthermore, these AMPs showed low to no toxicity when tested on eukaryotic cells. In in planta tests, no Xf disease symptoms were noticed in Nicotiana tabacum plants treated with the AMPs 40 days post inoculation. This study highlighted the high antagonistic activity of newly tested AMP candidates against Xf, which could lead to the development of promising eco-friendly management of Xf-related diseases.
Engaging consumers via online brand communities to achieve brand love and positive recommendations

Purpose This study aims to investigate the influence of brand relationship quality and consumer community identification on consumer engagement. This study also examines the mediating role of consumer engagement between brand relationship quality and consumer community identification with brand love. Positive word of mouth is taken as an outcome variable. Design/methodology/approach To test the proposed relationships, data were collected from 580 social media-based brand community followers and analysed through structural equation modelling. Findings Results corroborate brand relationship quality and consumer community identification as critical drivers of consumer engagement on the online platforms. The results further reveal a positive association between consumer engagement and brand love which consequently foster positive word of mouth. The findings also corroborate the partial as well as full mediating role of consumer engagement on different proposed associations. Originality/value This study offers an in-depth insight of specific motivations to engage consumers in the virtual domain, make them adore their brands and spread a positive word. All of these outcomes are crucial in offering competitive advantages to firms. This study validates the relevance of consumer engagement interactions in contemporary firms’ relationship marketing strategies.
Express Diagnostics of Proteolytic Activity of Periodontopathogens—Methodological Approach

The species spectrum of the oral microbiome is considered to be the key factor in the development and progression of periodontal inflammatory disorders. The “red complex” including Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia and Treponema denticola has the highest pathogenic potential. These bacteria have several biochemical mechanisms that allow them to colonize and destroy periodontal tissues. Proteolytic enzymes play a crucial role in this process. Early diagnosis of pathological conditions induced by microbial contamination allows for the timely treatment of periodontitis. Otherwise, the development of the disease may lead to tooth loss. A total of 48 patients aged 18 to 65 years old who required professional oral hygiene were recruited for this clinical study. Microbial content analysis of dental plaque from the interdental space and the back of the tongue was performed using real-time PCR. To determine the proteolytic activity of oral bacteria, the new express diagnostic method was applied (diagnostic sensitivity, 0.875; specificity, 0.928). The results demonstrate a strong and significant correlation between the new method and the PCR analysis (r = 0.785, p < 0.001). These results show that the new express method can be valuable as an early diagnostic method for periodontal inflammatory disorders caused by the “red complex” bacteria.
Impact of Lower Airway Inflammation on Fitness Parameters in Standardbred Racehorses

Simple Summary Among racehorses, mild–moderate equine asthma (MEA) represents the second most frequent cause of poor performance. Multiple authors have tried to identify the direct effects of tracheal mucus accumulation and the cytological profile of the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) on athletic capacity, obtaining contrasting results. The present retrospective study aims to investigate the associations between different signs of airway inflammation and a series of fitness parameters obtained through a standardized incremental treadmill test in a population of 116 poorly performing Standardbred racehorses. The possible relationships between treadmill parameters and endoscopic scores, BAL leukocyte populations, and bacterial cultures of tracheal wash were statistically evaluated. The percentage of neutrophils in the BAL was correlated with several fitness parameters, negatively affecting aerobic capacity; analogously, horses with neutrophilic or mixed MEA showed worse athletic capacity compared with those with eosinophilic–mastocytic MEA. These results suggest that lower airway neutrophilia negatively affects sports performance. Abstract Mild–moderate equine asthma (MEA) is a common respiratory disorder among racehorses, characterized by lower airway inflammation. Although it is generally agreed that MEA causes poor performance, contrasting results have been reported about the effects of tracheal mucus and the leukocyte populations of the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) on performance. This study aims to investigate the associations between airway inflammation and fitness parameters measured during an incremental treadmill test on Standardbred racehorses. For this purpose, the clinical records of 116 Standardbreds subjected to a diagnostic protocol for poor performance were retrospectively reviewed. Parametric and nonparametric statistics were used to evaluate the relationships between endoscopic scores, BAL cytological results, and fitness parameters. Moreover, horses were divided into MEA and non-MEA groups and into neutrophilic, eosinophilic–mastocytic, and mixed MEA groups; fitness parameters were compared between groups. Neutrophils percentages were inversely correlated with the speed at a heart rate of 200 bpm, the speed and heart rate at a plasma lactate concentration of 4 mmol/L (VLa4 and HRLa4), and the maximal speed, while they were positively correlated with higher lactate concentrations. Moreover, significant differences were detected between different MEA subtypes concerning VLa4, HRLa4, and lactate concentrations. These results suggest that airway neutrophilic inflammation impairs athletic capacity in Standardbreds.
Obstructed shear flows: similarities across systems and scales

In this paper, I show that a range of environmental flows are inherently dynamically similar. These flows, which are partially obstructed by a permeable medium, are here termed ‘obstructed shear flows’. Examples include aquatic flows over sediment beds, submerged vegetation canopies and coral reefs, as well as atmospheric flows over crop canopies, forests and cities (‘urban canopies’). While the density and geometry of the obstructions may vary, the drag in each system generates a velocity profile with an inflection point. This renders the flow unstable. Consequently, it is expected that (a) the dominant interfacial turbulent structure in obstructed shear flows will be a Kelvin–Helmholtz-type vortex, and (b) that this instability will engender hydrodynamic similarities among obstructed shear flows. Such similarities have been hypothesized but not yet fully explored. An extensive review of existing data confirms these dynamic similarities on scales of O(mm) to O(10 m). The extent of shear penetration into the obstruction, which is a primary determinant of residence time in the obstruction, scales upon the drag length scale. Other relationships that link the strength of turbulence and the ‘slip’ velocity at the top of the obstruction to the friction velocity (u∗) are also evident. The relationships presented here provide predictive capability for flow and transport in obstructed shear flows and suggest the possibility of a single framework to describe such flows on all scales.
Ground states for nonlocal Schrödinger type operators on locally compact abelian groups

We find classes of nonlocal operators of Schr\"odinger type on a locally compact noncompact Abelian group $G$, for which there exists a ground state. In particular, such a result is obtained for the case where the principal part of our operator generates a recurrent random walk. Explicit conditions for the existence of a ground state are obtained for the case $G =\mathbb Q_p^n$ where $\mathbb Q_p$ is the field of $p$-adic numbers.
Allylamines, Benzylamines, and Fungal Cell Permeability: A Review of Mechanistic Effects and Usefulness against Fungal Pathogens

Allylamines, naftifine and terbinafine, and the benzylamine, butenafine, are antifungal agents with activity on the fungal cell membrane. These synthetic compounds specifically inhibit squalene epoxidase, a key enzyme in fungal sterol biosynthesis. This results in a deficiency in ergosterol, a major fungal membrane sterol that regulates membrane fluidity, biogenesis, and functions, and whose damage results in increased membrane permeability and leakage of cellular components, ultimately leading to fungal cell death. With the fungal cell membrane being predominantly made up of lipids including sterols, these lipids have a vital role in the pathogenesis of fungal infections and the identification of improved therapies. This review will focus on the fungal cell membrane structure, activity of allylamines and benzylamines, and the mechanistic damage they cause to the membrane. Furthermore, pharmaceutical preparations and clinical uses of these drugs, mainly in dermatophyte infections, will be reviewed.
Spectroscopic and Photometric Observations of a Z Cam-Type Dwarf Nova, AT Cancri, in Standstill

We performed quasi-simultaneous spectroscopic and photometric observations of a Z Cam star, AT Cnc, in standstill in 1997 February. V-band time-resolved photometry marginally revealed small-amplitude (~ 0.01 mag) oscillations with period candidates of 0.132 d, 0.124 d, 0.142 d, and 0.249 d. Low-resolution spectra show Balmer lines in emission and absorption, and Na D absorption. From the radial-velocity variation of Ha, we deduced the system parameters: the orbital period = 0.2011 (±0.0006) d, the semiamplitude = 80(=L4) km s 1 , the systemic velocity = 11 (±3) km s 1 , the primary mass = 0.9(±0.5) M®. The phase of the velocity variation of Ha is very close to that of Na D. There are two possibilities: the Ha emission line radiated (a) from the secondary star, or (b) from the accretion disk. The inclination is estimated to be 17° (± 5°) and 36° (± 12°) based on the respective possibilities. Doppler map drawn under possibility (a) revealed on a broadly extended component in the (—Vx, —Vy) region. In the Doppler map drawn under the possibility (b), the peak exists on the irradiated side of the Doppler position of the secondary and the (+Vx,+Vy) region. We discovered an absorption component in the blue wing at Ha. The P Cyg profile appeared during a limited period in its orbital phase, which is interpreted to be caused by transient mass ejection episodes.
A link between quantum entanglement, secant varieties and sphericity

In this paper, we shed light on the relations between three concepts studied in representation theory, algebraic geometry and quantum information theory. First—spherical actions of reductive groups on projective spaces. Second—secant varieties of homogeneous projective varieties, and the related notions of rank and border rank. Third—quantum entanglement. Our main result concerns the relation between the problem of the state reconstruction from its reduced one-particle density matrices and the minimal number of separable summands in its decomposition. More precisely, we show that sphericity implies that states of a given rank cannot be approximated by states of a lower rank. We call states for which such an approximation is possible exceptional states. For three, important from a quantum entanglement perspective, cases of distinguishable, fermionic and bosonic particles, we also show that non-sphericity implies the existence of exceptional states. Remarkably, the exceptional states belong to non-bipartite entanglement classes. In particular, we show that the W-type states and their appropriate modifications are exceptional states stemming from the second secant variety for three cases above. We point out that the existence of the exceptional states is a physical obstruction for deciding the local unitary equivalence of states by means of the one-particle-reduced density matrices. Finally, for a number of systems of distinguishable particles with a known orbit structure, we list all exceptional states and discuss their possible importance in entanglement theory.
Feature Extraction for Breast Cancer Classification: A Comparative Study for Multiple Subsets of Features

the most doctors spend a large part of their time looking at a benign tissue, which can easily be distinguished from cancer in most cases. This represents a waste of time and resources that could be better spent analyzing patients and to focus on cases where the disease is difficult to determine the classification or served with non-standard features. As a result, many researchers began to develop diagnostic methods of computer-aided through the application of image processing and computer vision techniques in an attempt to determine the spatial location of diseases such as breast cancer. This paper provides a preview of some work in progress on the computer system to support breast cancer diagnosis. For breast cancer diagnosis, the shape of the nuclei and the architectural pattern of the tissue are evaluated under high and low magnifications. In this study, the focus is on the development of classification prototype for the assessment of breast cancer images based on Fine Needle Aspiration. The parts of this study include: image segmentation process, features extraction process, then followed by classification process. The automatic system of malignancy classification was applied on a set of medical images. Three subsets of features (binary, color, and textural) features are used for comparison. Three classifiers (SVM, SOM, and KNN) are used to classify medical data for diagnosis. Color features and KNN classifier show the best accuracy among others.
Formulation of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein with CpG Oligodeoxynucleotides and Squalene Nanoparticles Modulates Immunological Aspects Following Intranasal Delivery

Nasal spray vaccination is viewed as a promising strategy for inducing both mucosal and systemic protection against respiratory SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. Toward this goal, a safe and efficacious mucosal adjuvant is necessary for the transportation of the antigen across the mucosal membrane and antigen recognition by the mucosal immune system to generate broad-spectrum immune responses. This study describes the immunological aspects of SARS-CoV-2 spike (S)-protein after being formulated with CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) and squalene nanoparticles (termed PELC). Following intranasal delivery in mice, higher expression levels of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II and costimulatory molecules CD40 and CD86 on CD11c+ cells were observed at the draining superficial cervical lymph nodes in the CpG-formulated S protein group compared with those vaccinated with S protein alone. Subsequently, the activated antigen-presenting cells downstream modulated the cytokine secretion profiles and expanded the cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity of S protein-restimulated splenocytes. Interestingly, the presence of PELC synergistically enhanced cell-mediated immunity and diminished individual differences in S protein-specific immunogenicity. Regarding humoral responses, the mice vaccinated with the PELC:CpG-formulated S protein promoted the production of S protein-specific IgG in serum samples and IgA in nasal and bronchoalveolar lavage fluids. These results indicate that PELC:CpG is a potential mucosal adjuvant that promotes mucosal/systemic immune responses and cell-mediated immunity, a feature that has implications for the development of a nasal spray vaccine against COVID-19.
An Evaluation of the Process of Peer Review

The system of pre-publication editorial peer review (normally known simply as peer review or the referee system) has been used to critique, and hence improve, draft academic manuscripts, and documents such as book proposals, internal corporate reports, research grants and teaching materials for many years. In summary, the submitted documents are sent to one or more carefully selected experts (peers), who are asked to read and comment critically on them. In particular, but not exclusively, reviewers are asked to point out any unjustified claims, improper interpretations and extraneous results to the editors. The reviewer reports help the editors reach a decision as to whether the manuscript should be published, with or without revisions, or not at all. All researchers who have a track record in a certain discipline may be asked to undertake peer reviews. A peer review of a submitted scholarly manuscript is used in two ways. One by the author to improve their nascent work, and secondly by the editors to arrive at a decision (i.e. accept, revise or decline) on submitted manuscripts. There is a very large body of literature on all aspects of the peer review process (e.g. Kassirer and Campion 1994; Rowland 2002; Ware 2008; Ali and Watson 2016). Many of these papers are in journals on the life and medical sciences. This body of literature also includes entire textbooks such as Wager et al. (2002), Hames (2007) and Barczak and Griffin (2021). Recently there has been a tendency for studies on this topic to use experimental techniques, statistical analysis and survey data to analyse the effectiveness of the process (e.g. Fox et al. 2016; Wicherts 2016; Gaudino et al. 2021). In this short article I will review the peer review system, look at the criticisms of it, review how it works in practice, then go on discuss what makes a good review from the perspective of both authors and editors. The piece is principally aimed at helping early career researchers (ECRs) in palynology to understand this procedure, deal with peer reviews of their manuscripts, and guide them when they receive their first review requests.