Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Antiarrhythmic Drug Therapy in 2012 Time

We appreciate that Dr. Puri and his colleagues have exhibited an interest in our recent report (1) and have contributed their comments. Because their comments bring up important points, we would like to extend the discussion. First, Puri et al. emphasize the superiority of the volumetric measurements in intravascular imaging studies, compared with singleframe analysis. Their assertion seems to be based mainly on a previous intravascular ultrasound study that investigated the relationship between the change in plaque volume and cardiovascular risk factors (2). lthough it may be true that for some studies, volumetric analysis is arranted, this is not necessarily the case for our study. Before we ndergo volumetric measurements, we first need to define the correct easurements to make given the 3-dimensional structure. To choose orresponding sites for comparison, we carefully coregistered the ptical coherence tomographic (OCT) images using landmarks and nalyzed the serial OCT frames. This procedure has been well stablished in a variety of OCT and intravascular ultrasound studies 3) and therefore should provide valid data and results. Second, a histology–OCT imaging comparison study by Kume t al. (4) reported very high accuracy of OCT measurements for ntimal plus medial area and intimal thickness. Considering that edial area is calculated by subtracting the intimal area from ntimal plus medial area, their results support the legitimacy of edial area assessment by OCT imaging. We agree that medial rea calculation should be standardized, as Puri et al. suggest. Finally, regarding “catheter-induced spasm,” many previous spasm tudies using coronary angiography have already reported luminal arrowing even when asymptomatic (5). Because racial differences in he incidence of spasm have been reported (6), we assume that some octors in Western countries do not have enough clinical experience ith this disease, which involves pathogenesis of a wide variety of schemic heart diseases (7). Therefore, we would like to emphasize the mportance of spasm in which the tunica media may play a key role.
The single-strand DNA binding activity of human PC4 functions to prevent mutagenesis and killing by oxidative DNA damage.

-2-Human positive cofactor 4 (PC4) is a transcriptional coactivator with a highly conserved single-strand DNA (ssDNA) binding domain of unknown function. We identified PC4 as a suppressor of the oxidative mutator phenotype of the Escherichia coli fpg mutY mutant and demonstrate that this suppression requires its ssDNA binding activity. Yeast mutants lacking their PC4 ortholog Sub1 are sensitive to hydrogen peroxide and exhibit spontaneous and peroxide induced hypermutability. PC4 expression suppresses the peroxide sensitivity of the yeast sub1 ∆ mutant, suggesting that the human protein has a similar function. A role for yeast and human proteins in DNA repair is suggested by the demonstration that Sub1 acts in a peroxide-resistance pathway involving Rad2 and by the physical interaction of PC4 with the human Rad2 homolog XPG. We show XPG recruits PC4 to a bubble-containing DNA substrate with resulting displacement of XPG and formation of a PC4-DNA complex. We discuss the possible requirement for PC4 in either global or transcription-coupled repair of oxidative DNA damage to mediate the release of XPG bound to its substrate.
Lipoprotein associated Phospholipase A 2 Activity, Apolipoprotein C3 Loss-of-function Variants and Cardiovascular Disease: The Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities Study

Objective— Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A 2 (LpPLA 2 ) activity was associated with higher CHD risk in a meta-analysis, Methods— We examined the association of LpPLA 2 activity and ApoC3 LOF mutations and incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) (defined as coronary heart disease [CHD] plus ischemic stroke) and all-cause mortality in the biracial longitudinal Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities (ARIC) study. Results— The mean LpPLA 2 activity was 229.3 nmol/min/mL and was higher in men and whites. LpPLA 2 activity correlated positively with atherogenic dyslipidemia. ApoC3 LOF carriers had lower LpPLA 2 activity levels compared to non-carriers, and there was inverse association between LpPLA 2 activity and ApoC3 LOF mutations in whites. In a fully adjusted model, greater LpPLA 2 activity was independently associated with incident CVD (HR 1.35, 1.09–1.68 for highest vs. lowest quintile), which was mainly explained by its association with CHD, and was also associated with all-cause mortality (HR 1.65, 1.38–1.98). Conclusions— Greater LpPLA 2 activity was associated with increased CHD and all-cause mortality in both whites and African-Americans in the ARIC study. The inverse relation between LpPLA 2 activity and ApoC3 LOF mutations suggests that delayed lipoprotein clearance may at least in part explain the observed association of LpPLA 2 activity with increased CVD risk.
The Neural Correlates of Physical and Cognitive Training in the Prevention of Age-Related Cognitive Decline: A Review

Physical activity and cognitive training are heavily studied non-pharmacological interventions for the deceleration of age-related cognitive decline and the prevention of dementia. Epidemiological studies and randomized control trials have found evidence that both of these lifestyle modifications administered separately or together, may provide improvements in overall cognition. While evidence in support of physical and cognitive activity is vast, the neural underpinnings of this training-induced cognitive improvement have yet to be fully elucidated. This review will attempt to combine the most recent research regarding the neural correlates of cognitive enhancement driven by physical and cognitive training interventions. A heavy focus will be placed on structural brain volume, functional MRI, functional connectivity, and white matter integrity changes before and after physical or cognitive training interventions.
Resource allocation optimization for mitigating multi-jammer in underwater sensor network

Wireless underwater sensor networks (UWSNs) are used for coastal area monitoring and military monitoring applications, such as tsunami prevention and target tracking. In UWSNs, jamming is considered to be a serious problem where the intruder affects the lifetime of sensor motes and impacts the performance of the packet transmission. This paper considers that the jammer device is capable of reducing battery life and preventing the trustworthy UWSN mote from communication. Considering the presence of multiple jammers, the existing resource utilization model is not effective. This work presents an efficient resource allocation design to mitigate multiple jammers in UWSNs to overcome research problems. The resource allocation (ERA) model adopts a cross-layer design and can interact in a cooperative manner using direct and hop-based communication to maximize the quality of resource use. Compared to existing resource allocation methodologies, considering the presence of multiple jammer motes, the ERA achieves a much better detection rate, resource utilization, packet drop, and energy efficiency performance.
T-Doubler-Based RF Amplifiers in SiGe HBT Technology

For performance-driven systems such as space-based applications, it is important to maximize the gain of radio-frequency amplifiers (RFAs) with a certain tolerance against radiation, temperature effects, and small form factor. In this work, we present a K-band, compact high-gain RFA using an f T-doubler topology in a silicon-germanium (SiGe) heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) technology platform. The through-silicon vias (TSVs), typically used for small-size chip packaging purposes, have been effectively utilized as an adjustable matching element for input impedance, reducing the overall area of the chip. The proposed RFA, fabricated in a modest 0.35 μm SiGe technology, achieves a gain of 14.1 dB at 20 GHz center frequency, and a noise figure (NF) of 11.2 dB at the same frequency, with a power consumption of 3.3 mW. The proposed design methodology can be used for achieving high gain, avoiding a complex multi-stage amplifier design approach.
Separation of respiration and perfusion in Electrical Impedance Tomography by harmonic analysis

: In this contribution we illustrate a post-acquisition method for the separation of perfusion and respiration components in Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT). In this method a harmonic analysis of the EIT transient is performed taking advantage of the fact that the perfusion and the respiration can easily be distinguished by their relative frequency. In fact, EIT transients can be reconstructed as a summation of amplitude modulated signals some of which belonging to the respiration and some others to the perfusion. Here we show preliminary results on EIT reconstructed snapshots where respiration and perfusion information are completely decoupled.
Comparative Effect of Vitamin E and Vitamin E-Selenium Compound on T4-Induced Ascites Syndrome (By T4-Suplementation of the Diet) in Broiler Chickens

: 120, 1-day-old Ross 308 broiler chickens were randomly divided into 4 experimental groups A, B, C and D. Group A as control negative group,. Beginning of the breeding period to drinking water in all groups except Group A, Group B, as control positive group, Thyroxin (T4), (1mg/L) was added to a higher incidence of ascites. Group C, (400 IU/L) vitamin E and Group D combination of selenium-vitamin E (0.5 ml/L) received. Production factors such as weight per groups, food intake, feed conversion ratio (FCR), average weight of chickens were measured weekly. Weekly mortality was calculated. Factors related to carcass ratio (RV/TV), Bursa of Fabricius weight, liver weight and spleen weight was recorded at the end of the growing period. T4 diet led to an increase in ascites. Add the combination of vitamin E-selenium and vitamin E reduced mortality from ascites. Vitamin E and E-selenium combination were not affecting on performance of production factors. None of the groups in factors related to the carcass was not affected. According to the results obtained by adding compounds such as vitamin E and vitamin E-selenium combination, can be control and prevention of ascites syndrome and is effective in improving the productive factors.
Market Segmentation and Information Values of Earnings Announcements: Some Empirical Evidence from an Event Study on the Chinese Stock Market

This paper investigates the trading activities of two distinct classes of shareholders, namely, the Chinese domestic investors and the foreign investors in the segmented Chinese A-share and B-share markets, respectively. We conduct an event study on the annual earnings announcements based on two different accounting standards: IAS and PRC GAAP. The earnings announcements based on IAS and PRC GAAP are value relevant. The investors in the B-share market react to both the IAS and PRC GAAP earnings announcements, while the investors in the A-share market pay more attention to the PRC GAAP earnings reports. In the B-share market, positive abnormal returns are associated with positive earnings surprise and negative abnormal returns go with negative earnings surprise. We find pre-event abnormal trading volumes without significant price changes for the A shares, which may be due to existing information in the A-share market prior to earnings announcements. The post-event abnormal trading volumes last for a longer period in the Ashare market than in the B-share market. JEL classification: G14; G15
Different techniques of Automatic Facial Expression Recognition: A Survey

— Emotion recognition through facial expression detection is one of the important fields of study for human-computer interaction. To detect a facial Expression one system need to come across different variability’s of human faces such as color, posture, expression, orientation, etc. To detect the expression of a human face first it is required to detect the different facial features such as the movements of eye, nose, lips, etc. and then classify them comparing with trained data using a suitable classifier for expression recognition. This paper provides a survey report of implementation of different techniques for expression recognition along with their advantages and drawbacks which will help in further development and improvement of the system.
Isomeric 4,2 (cid:48) :6 (cid:48) ,4”- and 3,2 (cid:48) :6 (cid:48) ,3”-Terpyridines with Isomeric 4 (cid:48) -Triﬂuoromethylphenyl Substituents: Effects on the Assembly of Coordination Polymers with [Cu(hfacac) 2 ] (Hhfacac = Hexaﬂuoropentane-2,4-dione)

: The isomers 4 (cid:48) -(4-(triﬂuoromethyl)phenyl)-4,2 (cid:48) :6 (cid:48) ,4”-terpyridine ( 1 ), 4 (cid:48) -(3-(triﬂuoromethyl) phenyl)-4,2 (cid:48) :6 (cid:48) ,4”-terpyridine ( 2 ), 4 (cid:48) -(4-(triﬂuoromethyl)phenyl)-3,2 (cid:48) :6 (cid:48) ,3”-terpyridine ( 3 ), and 4 (cid:48) -(3-(triﬂuoromethyl)phenyl)-3,2 (cid:48) :6 (cid:48) ,3”-terpyridine ( 4 ) have been prepared and characterized. The single crystal structures of 1 and 2 were determined. The 1D-polymers [Cu 2 (hfacac) 4 ( 1 ) 2 ] n · 2 n C 6 H 4 Cl 2 (Hh-facac = 1,1,1,5,5,5-hexaﬂuoropentane-2,4-dione), [Cu(hfacac) 2 ( 2 )] n · 2 n C 6 H 5 Me, [Cu 2 (hfacac) 4 ( 3 ) 2 ] n · n C 6 H 4 Cl 2 , [Cu 2 (hfacac) and 2 . We use powder X-ray diffraction to demonstrate that the assemblies of the coordination polymers are reproducible, and that a switch from a 4,2 (cid:48) :6 (cid:48) ,4”- to 3,2 (cid:48) :6 (cid:48) ,3”-tpy metal-binding unit is accompanied by a change from dominant C–F.F–C and C–F.H–C contacts to π -stacking of arene domains between ligands 3 or 4 .
Neuron biochip surface modification by chemical and topographical means for high througput production using Roll-2-Roll nanoimprint lithography

This thesis describes approaches utilized for manufacture and fictionalization of a neuron biochip that is part of the project Roll-2-Roll Biofluidics. It focuses on establishing techniques needed to obtain structured surface that should promote adhesion and growth of single neural cells as a monolayer. Aiming for low cost, high throughput imprinting that is provided by Roll-2-Roll nanoimprint lithography. Prior to it, fast prototyping is needed. To that respect, high resolution high aspect ratio patterns are obtained by means of UV photolithography. Here, most of attention was given to obtain the network-like pattern of rectangular channels which is denoted under generation 2. The lowest feature size of 5.85 μm and aspect ratio of 3.8 was obtained for single well master. High aspect ratio serves better sensing in future use, here, it was exploited for selective coating of channels by means of spontaneous capillary flow. Due to its simplicity generation 1 was used to compare the capillary flow within different materials. Additionally, this work comprises measurements such as resin’s autofluorescence, contact angle and wettability. Most of considered resins did fulfil the requirements of low autofluorescence, however their surface energy varies.
Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorter ( FACS ) Analysis

The phenomenon of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) 1 restriction has by necessity become the cornerstone of all models of helper and cytotoxic T cell antigen recognition. Alloreactivity, h]storically the first example of T cell recognition of MHC determinants, has been variously viewed as an inexplicable property of a subset of T cells or as a cross-reaction of self-MHC-restricted cells. The finding that monoclonal sources of T cells can be activated either by antigen and self-MHC or by allogeneic MHC alone at frequencies that mimic mixed cell populations (1) strengthens the view that alloreactivity is indeed a cross-reactive byproduct of the molecular mechanism of antigen and self-recognition. However, it is not known if a single receptor complex can recognize both self-Ia plus foreign antigen and non-self-Ia. Recently (2-7), probes in the form of monoclonal antibodies specific for individual clones of T cells have become available to directly identify the cell surface structures involved in antigen and Ia recognition and to dissect the cell biology of the process of T cell activation. This study uses a murine helper T cell clone that is induced to proliferate either by hen's egg conalbumin and I-A k or by I-A b alone. As previously described (2), these cloned T cells can also be activated by a monoclonal antibody that recognizes a cell surface determinant unique to this clone. We now demonstrate that this antibody can mimic antigen and Ia in the activation of this clone at concentrations as low as 10 -ll M. In monovalent form, this antibody no longer activates but rather blocks specific activation by I-A b or by antigen and I-A k, strongly supporting the hypothesis that a single molecular species is indeed involved in recognition of both moieties. The target antigen of this antibody is a cell surface glycoprotein, a disulfide-linked heterodimer. Both surface and internal forms of this protein have been identified by immunoprecipitation and
WATER EROSION CONTROL IN CONDITIONS OF A GEOMORPHOLOGICALLY DISSECTED AREA

A problem of landscape consolidation, or land arrangement in conditions of large- scale farming is presented. The pilot area of the Agricultural Manufacture and Trade Co-operative of Ko č ín, which farms soils regularly damaged prevailingly by water erosion (dominant soil profile Haplic Luvisols from loessial parent material) was treated by comprehensive physical-geographical analysis. Evaluation of the present agricultural practices was also helpful. We have investigated and proposed a system of water erosion control like new landscape arrangement (optimum field size and shape, proposals for a new road network), contour agro-technics, no-till minimum technics, green corridors and terrace construction.
Synthesis and Characterization of Gefitinib and Paclitaxel Mono and Dual Drug-Loaded Blood Cockle Shells ( Anadara granosa )-Derived Aragonite CaCO 3 Nanoparticles

: Calcium carbonate has slowly paved its way into the field of nanomaterial research due to its inherent properties: biocompatibility, pH-sensitivity, and slow biodegradability. In our efforts to synthesize calcium carbonate nanoparticles (CSCaCO 3 NP) from blood cockle shells ( Anadara granosa ), we developed a simple method to synthesize CSCaCO 3 NP, and loaded them with gefitinib (GEF) and paclitaxel (PTXL) to produce mono drug-loaded GEF-CSCaCO 3 NP, PTXL-CSCaCO 3 NP, and dual drug-loaded GEF-PTXL-CSCaCO 3 NP without usage of toxic chemicals. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results reveal that the drugs are bound to CSCaCO 3 NP. Scanning electron microscopy studies reveal that the CSCaCO 3 NP, GEF-CSCaCO 3 NP, PTXL-CSCaCO 3 NP, and GEF-PTXL-CSCaCO 3 NP are almost spherical nanoparticles, with a diameter of 63.9 ± 22.3, 83.9 ± 28.2, 78.2 ± 26.4, and 87.2 ± 26.7 (nm), respectively. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and N 2 adsorption-desorption experiments revealed that the synthesized nanoparticles are negatively charged and mesoporous, with surface areas ranging from ⁓ 8 to 10 (m 2 /g). Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) confirms that the synthesized nanoparticles are aragonite. The CSCaCO 3 NP show excellent alkalinization property in plasma simulating conditions and greater solubility in a moderately acidic pH medium. The release of drugs from the nanoparticles showed zero order kinetics with a slow and sustained release. Therefore, the physico-chemical characteristics and in vitro findings suggest that the drug loaded CSCaCO 3 NP represent a promising drug delivery system to deliver GEF and PTXL against breast cancer. spectrophotometer to determine the amount of un-entrapped GEF and PTXL. All experiments were carried out in triplicate.
Numerical Renormalization Group Approach to a Quantum Dot Coupled to Normal and Superconducting Leads(Condensed matter: electronic structure and electrical, magnetic, and optical properties)

We study transport through a quantum dot coupled to normal and superconducting leads using the numerical renormalization group method. We show that the low-energy properties of the system are described by the local Fermi liquid theory despite of the superconducting correlations penetrated into the dot due to a proximity effect. We calculate the linear conductance due to the Andreev reflection in the presence of the Coulomb interaction. It is demonstrated that the maximum structure appearing in the conductance clearly characterizes a crossover between two distinct spin-singlet ground states, i.e. the superconducting singlet state and the Kondo singlet state. It is further elucidated that the gate-voltage dependence of the conductance shows different behavior in the superconducting singlet region from that in the Kondo singlet region.
Encyclopedia of Mathematics

Encyclopedia of Mathematics is a comprehensive one-volume encyclopedia designed for high school through early college students. More than 1,000 entries, more than 125 photographs and illustrations, and numerous essays cover the principal areas and issues that characterize this "new" area of science. This valuable resource unites disparate ideas and provides the meaning, history, context, and relevance behind each one. The easy-to-use format makes finding straightforward and natural answers to questions within arithmetic - such as algebra, trigonometry, geometry, probability, combinatorics, numbers, logic, calculus, and statistics - simple. Encyclopedia of Mathematics also gives historical context to mathematical concepts, with entries discussing ancient Arabic, Babylonian, Chinese, Egyptian, Greek, Hindu, and Mayan mathematics, as well as entries providing biographical descriptions of important people in the development of mathematics.
Research Program in Finance Working Paper RPF-291 Corporate Diversification and Agency

eScholarship provides open access, scholarly publishing services to the University of California and delivers a dynamic research platform to scholars worldwide. Abstract: Firms undertake a variety of actions to reduce risk through diversification, including entering diverse lines of business, taking on project partners, and maintaining portfolios of risky projects such as R&D or natural resource exploration. By a well-known argument, securities holders do not directly benefit from risk-reducing corporate diversification when they can replicate this diversification on their own. Moreover, shareholders should be risk neutral with respect to the unsystematic risk that is associated with many research projects. Some have argued that corporate risk reduction may be of value, or can otherwise be explained by, the agency relationship between securities holders and managers. We argue that the value of diversification strategies in an agency relationship derives not from its effects on risk, but rather from its effects on the principal's information about the agent's actions. We demonstrate by example that diversification activities may increase or decrease the principal's information, depending on the particular structure of the activity ABSTRACT Firms undertake a variety of actions to reduce risk through diversification, including entering diverse lines of business, taking on project partners, and maintaining portfolios of risky projects such as R&D or natural resource exploration. By a well-known argument, securities holders do not directly benefit from risk-reducing corporate diversification when they can replicate this diversification on their own. Moreover, shareholders should be risk neutral with respect to the unsystematic risk that is associated with many research projects. Some have argued that corporate risk reduction may be of value, or can otherwise be explained by, the agency relationship between securities holders and managers. We argue that the value of diversification strategies in an agency relationship derives not from its effects on risk, but rather from its effects on the principal's information about the agent's actions. We demonstrate by example that diversification activities may increase or decrease the principal's information, depending on the particular structure of the activity.