Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Meta-Analysis Associations of Plasma Fibrinogen Levels with Established Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors, Inflammatory Markers, and Other Characteristics: Individual Participant Meta-Analysis of 154,211 Adults in 31 Prospective Studies

Long-term increases in plasma fibrinogen levels of 1 g/liter are associated with an approximate doubling of risk of major cardiovascular disease outcomes, but causality remains uncertain. To quantify cross-sectional associations of fibrinogen levels with established risk factors and other characteristics, the investigators combined individual data on 154,211 apparently healthy adults from 31 prospective studies conducted between 1967 and 2003, using a linear mixed model that included random effects at the cohort level. Fibrinogen levels increased with age and showed continuous, approximately linear relations with several risk markers and slightly curvilinear associations with log triglycerides, albumin, and tobacco and alcohol consumption. Female sex, Black ethnicity, lower socioeconomic status, and alcohol abstinence were each associated with modestly higher fibrinogen levels. Approximately one third of the variation in fibrinogen levels was explained by cohort, age, and sex. An additional 7% was explained by established risk factors (notably, positive associations with smoking and body mass index and an inverse association with high density lipoprotein cholesterol), and a further 10% was explained by inflammatory markers (notably, a positive association with C-reactive protein). The association with body mass index was twice as strong in women as in men, whereas the association with smoking was much stronger in men. These findings substantially advance understanding of the correlates and possible determinants of fibrinogen levels.
Editorial for STI supplement - Sexual behaviour change in countries with generalised HIV epidemics? Evidence from population-based cohort studies in sub-Saharan Africa

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. Editorial for STI supplement Sexual behaviour change in countries with generalised HIV epidemics? Evidence from population-based cohort studies in sub-Saharan Africa Simon Gregson, Jim Todd, Basia Zaba
ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND FINANCING: THE EVIDENCE OF MACEDONIA

There is an absence of general platform to define the entrepreneurship. Yet, it is a common sense that it presents a concept which is closely related to financial risks. In this line, the small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) are still experiencing considerable difficulties in sustaining their importance for economic development. The paper describes the sources of financial support to the SMEs in Macedonia, and simultaneously identifies the most applied sources of financing. Moreover, it elaborates the importance of the Macedonian Bank for Development Promotion (MBDP) in providing financial support in terms of financing start-ups, providing medium and long-term loans to SMEs, financing exports, extending export credit insurance, and the management and implementation of international credit lines. The analyzed data set covers the period 1999-2013. The main findings reveal that the MBDP has a substantial role in development of entrepreneurship in general in Macedonia.
Developmentof host andvector for high-e⁄ciency transformation andgene disruption inDebaryomyceshansenii

Debaryomyces hansenii is one of the most osmotolerant and halotolerant yeasts. The molecular mechanisms underlying its extreme osmotolerance and halotolerance have drawn considerable attention in the recent past. However, progress in this regard has been limited due to lack of availability of a transformation system and molecular tools to study the functions of the genes in D. hansenii. Here, we have described the development of an efficient transformation system for D. hansenii that is based on a histidine auxotrophic recipient strain and the DhHIS4 gene as the selectable marker. By screening the D. hansenii genomic library, we have isolated several autonomous replication sequences that can be used for constructing a replicating vector. Moreover, our study is the first to demonstrate gene disruption in D. hansenii by homologous recombination.
Implementation of 5s in Small and Medium Enterprises (SME)

Article history: Received 2 May 2019 Received in revised form 5 August 2019 Accepted 12 September 2019 Available online 7 November 2019 There have been many studies carried out on Lean manufacturing implementation in larger organizations with specific focus such as sig sigma, kaizen, just-in-time and many others lean tools. Many of these studies shows that Lean manufacturing implementation has driven the organization with tremendous improvement. Lean implementation among Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) has not been so extensively researched or even implemented among the SME companies. This project was a case study which attempts to bridge this gap by implementing the Lean manufacturing principles in SME with a perspective of identifying the benefits of the implementation. A company was chosen and agreed to took part in this case study. After getting the agreement from the company, a selected lean manufacturing tool (5S practices) was implemented. This aim of this project is to determine the outcome after the implementation of 5S practices.
Inactivated expressing the receptor-binding domain of bacterial adhesins elicit antibodies inhibiting hemagglutination

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. Inactivated expressing the receptor-binding domain of bacterial adhesins elicit antibodies inhibiting hemagglutination Nani van Gerven, Henri de Greve, Jean-Pierre Hernalsteens
REVIEW ARTICLE: Theory of electronic processes in atom scattering from surfaces

The theory of electronically non-adiabatic processes in atom scattering on surfaces of solids, in particular metals, is reviewed. It is assumed that resonant tunnelling of electrons between an electronic orbital of the adatom and the conduction band of the substrate is the dominant charge exchange mechanism. The kinetic energy of the adatom is assumed to be in the intermediate range (eV to keV), which makes it possible to treat the adatom trajectory classically and to obtain a time-dependent electronic Hamiltonian. The aim of the theory is to find the deviations from adiabaticity, i.e. the fraction of the minority charge states of the atom after scattering and the spectrum of the electron-hole pairs created in the substrate. Under some simplifying approximations, these quantities can be calculated explicitly. Their dependence upon the adatom velocity and other parameters of the model is analysed, with particular attention paid to features which are characteristic of an extended substrate, in contrast to atom-atom or atom-molecule scattering. The present understanding of more complete models, for example inclusion of the intra-atomic Coulomb correlation, is also reviewed.
RAINBOWS, HALOS, CORONAS AND GLORIES

I f regularly shaped transparent particles of sufficient size are present in the atmosphere and if they are lit by the sun, colored structures may appear at specific locations on the celestial sphere. The best known among these structures is the primary rainbow, which appears in sunlit raindrops as a colored circular segment of radius 42°, centered on one’s shadow point (also called the antisolar point). Almost equally well known is the lunar diffraction corona in its most basic form: a reddish circle a few degrees wide that surrounds the moon. Less known though more common than rainbows are halos, which appear in sunlit ice crystals and are chiefly located on the sun side of the celestial sphere. Even lesser known is the glory, which appears as a “minirainbow” around one’s shadow when the shadow is cast on water clouds or fog. In past times it was rarely seen, but nowadays it is frequently seen by observant air travelers. The opening statements of this article can equally well be formulated the other way around: if a halo or rainbow is observed in the sky, information is available about the shapes, sizes, and/or composition of airborne particles. Each phenomenon carries its own specific information about the particles that generate it. This information is sometimes difficult to obtain from other sources. The appearance of most of these phenomena is transient 
Internal Josephson effect in a Fermi gas near a Feshbach resonance (5 pages)

We consider a two-component system of Fermi atoms and molecular bosons in the vicinity of a narrow Feshbach resonance. We derive an effective action for the system, which has a term describing coherent tunneling of the molecular bosons into Cooper pairs and vice versa. In the equilibrium regime, phase coherence between atom pairs and molecules may be destroyed by thermal or quantum phase fluctuations. In the nonequilibrium regime, the system may show an internal ac Josephson effect leading to real time oscillations in the number of molecular bosons.
Contractile Properties of Cardiac Muscle in Hyperthyroidism

Right ventricular papillary muscles from hyperthyroid and normal cats were studied in vitro at 30°C, at contraction frequencies of 12, 30 and 60/min. At 12/min the contractility of hyperthyroid muscles was significantly greater than normal, as indicated by greater velocity of isotonic shortening, isometric tension development, and rate of tension development. Isotonically contracted muscle lengths were smaller and time to peak isometric tension less. At 60/min, velocity of shortening was still greater and time to peak tension less in hyperthyroid muscles, but isometric developed tension, rate of tension development, and isotonically contracted muscle lengths and shortening were not different. Increasing frequency from 12/min to 60/min resulted in immediate positive inotropic responses in both groups, but a smaller response in hyperthyroid than normal muscles. Over subsequent minutes, a slight decrease in contractility occurred in normal muscles but the decrease was significantly greater in hyperthyroid muscles. The difference in response to increasing frequency is attributed to more profound hypoxia in hyperthyroid muscles at high contraction frequencies. Predisposition of the muscle to hypoxia induced by hyperthyroidism then becomes an important determinant of the net effect of hyperthyroidism on myocardial contractility. The experimental situation is analogous to the coexistence, in vivo, of thyrotoxicosis and other conditions predisposing to coronary insufficiency, such as coronary artery disease or ventricular hypertrophy; that hyperthyroidism does not then augment contractile state in respect to tension development or muscle shortening helps explain the occurrence of thyrotoxic heart failure in response to the body's increased requirements for blood flow. ADDITIONAL
The Geometry of the Virtual knots

The Dehn complex of prime, alternating virtual links has been shown to be non-positively curved in the paper “Generalized knot complements and some aspherical ribbon disc complements” by J. Harlander and S. Rosebrock (2003) [7]. This thesis investigates the geometry of an arbitrary alternating virtual link. A method is constructed for which the Dehn complex of any alternating virtual link may be decomposed into Dehn complexes with non-positive curvature. We further study the relationship between the Dehn space and Wirtinger space, and we relate their fundamental groups using generating curves on surfaces. We conclude with interesting examples of Dehn complexes of virtual link diagrams, which illustrate our findings.
P o S ( L H C P 2 0 2 0 ) 1 7 7 ^ 17 anomaly and prospects for its verification with NA 64 experiment

The ATOMKI collaboration reported a 7f excess in the angular distribution of 4+4− events in the nuclear de-excitation of 8Be, which was recently confirmed by new results on other nuclei, 4He. This anomaly could be explained by the existence of a new boson -17 with a mass around 17 MeV and spin 0 or 1. In this work, we summarize the latest results on the searches performed by NA64 of a vector -17, an example of which could be the so-called protophobic gauge boson, with predicted coupling strength with electrons 2 × 10−4 . n . 1.4 × 10−3 and lifetime in the range 10−14 . g-17 . 10−12s. NA64 experiment is a fixed target experiment at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) capable to perform an independent measurement. If such a particle exists, it can be produced via Bremsstrahlung after high energy secondary SPS electron beam collides with the active target nuclei. In the analysis of the combined 2017-2018 run, corresponding to 8.4 × 1010 electrons on target, no signal-like events have been found excluding a large fraction of the coupling parameter space able to explain the anomaly: n < 6.8 × 10−4. We will also briefly discuss prospects for further searches aiming to cover parameter space for models suggesting enabled explanation of the anomaly.
The relative translucency and fracture toughness of different zirconia ceramics

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between relative translucency and fracture toughness obtained from the chevron notched beam (CNB) method of different zirconia ceramics. Materials and Methods: Ten specimens of two commercial zirconia ceramics brands, Dentsply Sirona (Bensheim, Germany) and Zirkonzanth (GmbH, Italy) were cut into tiles to investigate their relative translucency: translucency parameters (TP) and contrast ratio (CR) using a spectrophotometer. Additionally, bar specimens were prepared to determine the fracture toughness using the CNB method and a four-point flexural test. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA, and Tukey’s HSD test (=0.05). Results: The results showed the CR value ranged between 0.69 to 0.74 with no significant differences among the groups except Prettau anterior (PRTA), which had significantly a lower CR value than other tested groups. For InCoris group, the TP was in the range of 12 to 13 with no significant differences between groups, whereas there was a significant difference between Prettau and PRTA. The PRTA has the highest translucency with the TP of 14.30±0.75 and the largest grain size, but the least fracture toughness. Conclusion: More translucent zirconia had a lower fracture toughness compared with those of less translucent ones. However, zirconia ceramics, that were purported to be translucent by the manufacturer may not precisely be more translucent than the conventional zirconia core materials.
Nurse ’ s Role in the Modern Resuscitation Era

Aim: The aim of the present study was to explore the current literature referring to the new roles of nurses in the modern resuscitation era. meThodS And mATeRiAl: For the present study, a systematic search of international bibliography from both the review and the research literature was performed to sort out articles mainly over the last several years from the Medline, Medscape and Science Direct databases. Used keywords included cardiac arrest, resuscitation, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), nursing role, and rapid response nurse. ReSulTS: The review of the literature indicated that improvement in nursing education, increased needs for expert nurses due to the requirements of specialized fields of medicine, and an increase in the autonomy of the nursing role have led to a change in nurses’ responsibilities during CPR. Furthermore, the review showed that roles and duties of nurses during CPR are limited mainly in preparing the drugs administered and monitoring the patients’ vital signs. Regarding nurses’ perspectives, a commonly held view is that their role during CPR is slowly but steadily improving. Finally, nurses are perceived by the community as the most capable individuals to perform effective CPR. ConCluSion: Nurses should become more active members of the multidisciplinary team during CPR by increasing their knowledge and improving their skills. Nurses working in departments such as Cardiology, Cardiac and Intensive Care Units and Accident and Emergency Departments should be more willing to attend CPR semi-
Entropy and its many Avatars By

Entropy was first introduced in 1865 by Rudolf Clausius in his study of the connection between work and heat. A mathematical definition was given by Boltzmann as the logarithm of the number of micro states that corresponds to a macro state. It plays important roles in statistical mechanics, in the theory of large deviations in probability, as an invariant in ergodic theory and as a useful tool in communication theory. This article explores some of the connections between these different contexts.
Automated Diagnosis and Severity Measurement of Cyst X-ray Images using Neural Network in Dental

Abstract: One iop)ortant aspect of'dentqf2icial image processing is the utitization of'comprehensive oral and mczxiUoj2icial imaging modolities that aid in the assessmenc treatmentplanning and evaluation qf' oral diseases. Also, itplays a vital role in identiji,ing thepathological conditions. and it improves the practiee management of the doctors for diagnosis. in this paper Radial Basis Fltnction(:RBE) Neural ? Vetwonk,for automated diagnosis ofcysts in dentalXLray images ispmposed 71he severity ofthe qwsts is then evaluated based on gray levelproperties, ciit"tarity and area. ZFte resuits obtainedprovide the conrplete ir! fbnitation aboutseveritv. ofthe qysts tpi increasing the diagnostic ease ofthe cientalsurgeon. Kleyivortts ArtijicialIVle"ralNetwork dentalcyst, RadialBasis lhnction. radiography. tenrplate
PHMT_A_294739 101..109

1Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Science, Mizan Tepi University, Tepi, Ethiopia; 2Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Mizan Tepi University, Tepi, Ethiopia Background: The worldwide COVID-19 pandemic is overstressing health systems and Essential health services and vaccination services are disrupted. Immunization is a confirmed gizmo for governing and even eliminating communicable diseases. Objective: This study aims to assess the challenge and status of immunization during COVID-19 and associated factors among children aged 10–23 months south Nation Nationality and People Region Ethiopia. Methods and Materials: community-based mixed quantitative and qualitative cross-sectional study was done in southwest Ethiopia. Data was collected using semi-structured questionnaires and in-depth interviews. After that, the data were edited, coded, and move in into Epi info version 7.2 for data management then transported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. The analyzed data were presented by tables, graphs, figures, and text form. Results: According to this study, the prevalence of incomplete immunization was found to be 809 (62.2%) with (95% CI: 59.5, 64.8). In multivariable analysis waiting time at a health facility (AOR=0.04, 95% CI 0.0001,0.004), education (AOR=5.08,95% CI2.31,11.14), place of delivery (AOR=2.34,95% CI 4.96,6.089), fearing of COVID-19 (AOR=3.62,95% CI 1.72,7.64) and do not understand the separation care of COVID-19 and other health services (AOR=2.85,95% CI1.38,5.9) were significantly associated factors. Conclusion: The prevalence of incomplete immunization among children aged 10–23 months was very high in this study as compared to the other studies done in a different pocket of Ethiopia. Consecutively, reducing waiting time at a health facility, avoiding unnecessary fear of COVID-19, and promoting immunization in a different area of southwest Ethiopia along with health extension workers are recommended.
SKIP-FREE RANDOM WALKS WITH MARKOVIAN INCREMENTS

Let (ξk, k ≥ 0) be a Markov chain on {−1, +1} with ξ0 = 1 and transition probabilities P (ξk+1 = 1| ξk = 1) = a and P (ξk+1 = −1| ξk = −1) = b < a. Set X0 = 0, Xn = ξ1 + · · ·+ ξn and Mn = max0≤k≤n Xk. We prove that the process 2M − X has the same law as that of X conditioned to stay non-negative. Pitman’s representation theorem [19] states that, if (Xt, t ≥ 0) is a standard Brownian motion and Mt = maxs≤t Xs, then 2M−X has the same law as the 3-dimensional Bessel process. This was extended in [20] to the case of non-zero drift, where it is shown that, if Xt is a standard Brownian motion with drift, then 2M −X is a certain diffusion process. This diffusion has the significant property that it can be interpreted as the law of X conditioned to stay positive (in an appropriate sense). Pitman’s theorem has the following discrete analogue [19, 18]: if X is a simple random walk with non-negative drift (in continuous or discrete time) then 2M − X has the same law as X conditioned to stay non-negative (for the symmetric random walk this conditioning is in the sense of Doob). Here we present a version of Pitman’s theorem for a random walk with Markovian increments. Let (ξk, k ≥ 0) be a Markov chain on {−1, +1} with ξ0 = 1 and transition probabilities P (ξk+1 = 1| ξk = 1) = a and P (ξk+1 = −1| ξk = −1) = b. We will assume that 1 > a > b > 0. Set X0 = 0, Xn = ξ1 + · · · + ξn and Mn = max0≤k≤n Xk. 73 DOI: 10.1214/ECP.v6-1036
Optimal velocity planning for autonomous vehicles under kinematic constraints

Abstract The use of smooth command signals for the control of autonomous vehicles guarantees moderate travelling solicitations and better wheels grip. To achieve command smoothness, the vehicle longitudinal velocity must be continuous and differentiable. For this reason, a scheme for the real-time optimal velocity planning is proposed in this paper. A continuously differentiable profile, which satisfies assigned interpolating conditions, is generated by means of an optimization program which minimizes the longitudinal jerk. The resulting velocity function and its first derivative are constrained between assigned bounds.