Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Solar Observations of High-Temperature Emission with the Extreme-Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer on Hinode

We present an analysis of solar coronal emission lines formed above 2.5 MK observed with the Extreme-Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer on Hinode during a small flare. Our main purpose is to evaluate the internal consistency of the atomic data available for the observed emission. We find that the observed emission from high-temperature Ca lines (Ca XIV, XV, XVI, and XVII) is generally consistent with the available atomic data. The observed Fe XVII emission at these wavelengths, in contrast, is more difficult to reconcile with current atomic calculations. The energy levels tabulated in the CHIANTI atomic physics database generally do not correspond to the observed wavelengths. After associating the calculated emissivities with the observed emission by hand, we find that the observed intensities are roughly consistent with what is predicted. However, the intensity of the strongest unblended line, Fe XVII 254.87 Å, is not consistent with the intensities of the other Fe XVII lines at these wavelengths. Several of the Ca XV emission lines, which are formed at about 4 MK, form density-sensitive line ratios in the range log ne = 9–11 cm−3. Density measurements at these temperatures are potentially important for understanding the coronal heating mechanism. Our initial analysis suggests that high-temperature active region plasma is underdense relative to the predictions of steady heating models.
A Mathematical model for the multi-electrode capacitance sensor

A model for the relationship between local permittivity variation and capacitance change is presented. The model is applicable to multi-electrode capacitance sensors which have been used for tomographic imaging of multi-phase processes. An explicit formula is derived for the relationship between permittivity in a small spherical region and sensor response. The predictions from this model are compared with results from a high-precision finite element simulation. Good agreement is shown. A simple tomographic reconstruction algorithm which uses this sensor model is introduced. Results show that accurate reconstruction of permittivity distribution is possible for certain test cases.
Optical frequency standards

The evolution of atomic frequency standards since Essen's atomic clock fifty years ago has been considerable both in respect of microwave and optical standards. In particular, the development of trapping and laser cooling techniques for both atoms and ions has played a major role. This paper reviews the status of the development of single cold trapped ion and cold trapped atom optical frequency standards. Recent results show comb measurements of trapped ion optical frequency standards with accuracies close to Cs fountain limited operation. The factors affecting future stability and reproducibility are discussed. The opportunities for future standards capable of approaching reproducibility at the 10−18 level are outlined, together with the likely limitations arising.
Tuning the mechanical behaviour of structural elements by electric fields

This work reports on the adoption of electric fields to tune the mechanical behaviour of structural elements. A mechanical characterization procedure, consisting of double lap joint and 3-point bending tests, is conducted on copper-polyimide laminates while applying electric fields of varying intensity. Field dependence and, thus, adaptability of shear strength and bending stiffness are shown as a function of the overlapping length and interfaces number, respectively. Further, the impact of remaining charges is investigated in both testing configurations. The findings herein lay the foundation for the implementation of electro-adaptive components in structural applications.
Abdominal Obesity, Excessive Adiposity, and the Taq1B CETP Variant Are Positively Associated with Serum Lipid Levels in Mexican Women

Introduction: Obesity is a prevalent multifactorial disease whose main complication is dyslipidemia. Serum lipid levels also depend on genetic factors including the Taq1B variant of the CETP gene, which is suggested to be influenced by environmental factors and adiposity. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of the Taq1B CETP variant on serum lipid levels associated with anthropometrical variables. Methods: 165 women from western Mexico were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Weight and body fat were measured by bioimpedance and waist circumference with a measuring tape. Serum lipid levels were determined by dry chemistry. The Taq1B CETP variant was analyzed by allelic discrimination. Results: Women with abdominal obesity and the B1B2/B2B2 genotype had significantly higher total cholesterol levels (195.17 [185.95–204.39] vs. 183 mg/dL [169.83–196.16], p = 0.007) and low density lipoprotein (118.84 [110.65–127.03] vs. 113.84 mg/dL [102.37–125.31], p = 0.037) than carriers of the B1B1 genotype. Likewise, subjects with excessive adiposity and the B1B2/B2B2 genotype showed significantly higher total cholesterol levels (195.05 [186.04–204.06] vs. 182.40 mg/dL [169.03–195.76], p = 0.003) than those with the B1B1 genotype. Conclusion: Women with abdominal obesity or excessive adiposity, who are also carriers of the B1B2/B2B2 genotype, have higher serum lipid levels than women with the B1B1 genotype.
Indirect measurement of the 18O(p, α)15N reaction rate through the THM

A preliminary indirect investigation of the 18O(p, α)15N reaction via the THM is discussed, focusing on the extraction of the resonance parameters of the 656 keV resonance (corresponding to the state at Ex = 8.65 MeV in 19F), which gives strong contribution both at low and high temperatures, being quite broad. Even though a non-negligible discrepancy is found, both as regards the strength and the energy of the resonance, no change in the reaction rate is apparent in the astrophysically relevant temperature range.
Physical marker based stitching process of circular and non-circular interferograms

The usage of stitching technologies in the interferometrical precision optics measurement technique becomes more and more popular. There exist already a few metrology stages providing the stitching principle, such as, for example, the well known Sub-Aperture Stitching Interferometer for Aspheres (SSI-A1) [1] [2] [3] from QED technologies. For measurements with the SSI-A the greatest measurable diameter of the test object is approximately 280 mm [1]. As a consequence the University of Applied Sciences Deggendorf develops an own measuring system in order to test large telescope mirrors with a diameter of more than one meter which should be ready for application in 2012. The expected positioning accuracy of the measuring patches is significantly lower in comparison with the high-accurate SSI-A. Therefore a cross-correlation based translation detection tool is implemented in our current software solution. Since the metrology system is currently being established the SSI-A and the μPhase2 interferometer from TRIOPTICS are used as input data sources for the software development. Further this paper discusses the robustness of the translation detection tool and presents a stabilisation method of the stitching result with the aid of physical markers.
Health care professionals’ perceptions of unprofessional behaviour in the clinical workplace

Background Unprofessional behaviour undermines organizational trust and negatively affects patient safety, the clinical learning environment, and clinician well-being. Improving professionalism in healthcare organizations requires insight into the frequency, types, sources, and targets of unprofessional behaviour in order to refine organizational programs and strategies to prevent and address unprofessional behaviours. Objective To investigate the types and frequency of perceived unprofessional behaviours among health care professionals and to identify the sources and targets of these behaviours. Methods Data was collected from 2017–2019 based on a convenience sample survey administered to all participants at the start of a mandatory professionalism course for health care professionals including attending physicians, residents and advanced practice providers (APPs) working at one academic hospital in the United States. Results Out of the 388 participants in this study, 63% experienced unprofessional behaviour at least once a month, including failing to respond to calls/pages/requests (44.3%), exclusion from decision-making (43.0%) and blaming behaviour (39.9%). Other monthly experienced subtypes ranged from 31.7% for dismissive behaviour to 4.6% for sexual harassment. Residents were more than twice as likely (OR 2.25, p<0.001)) the targets of unprofessional behaviour compared to attending physicians. Female respondents experienced more discriminating behaviours (OR 2.52, p<0.01). Nurses were identified as the most common source of unprofessional behaviours (28.1%), followed by residents from other departments (21%). Conclusions Unprofessional behaviour was experienced frequently by all groups, mostly inflicted on these groups by those outside of the own discipline or department. Residents were most frequently identified to be the target and nurses the source of the behaviours. This study highlights that unprofessional behaviour is varied, both regarding types of behaviours as well as targets and sources of such behaviours. This data is instrumental in developing training and remediation initiatives attuned to specific professional roles and specific types of professionalism lapses.
Photo darkening in ytterbium co-doped silica material

A model description of photo darkening based on 30 characterised fibres in an un-seeded amplifier setup is presented. Photo darkening of ytterbium / aluminium and/or phosphorous co-doped silica fibres is found to saturate following prolonged exposure to pump radiation. The photo darkening is associated with non-binding oxygen at surfaces of ytterbium / aluminium clusters. The dominant colour centre at near infrared wavelengths in MCVD material is a combination of 1.9 eV (FWHM of 0.62 eV) and 2.4 eV (FWHM of 0.85 eV) absorption dependent on average phonon energy of the glass material.
Cinnamaldehyde Ameliorates Dextran Sulfate Sodium‐Induced Colitis in Mice by Modulating TLR4/NF‐κB Signaling Pathway and NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory gastrointestinal disease mainly associated with immune dysfunction and microbiota disturbance. Cinnamaldehyde (CIN) is an active ingredient of Cinnamomum cassia with immunomodulatory and anti‐inflammatory properties. However, the therapeutic effect and detailed mechanism of CIN on UC remains unclear, and warrant further dissection. In this study, network pharmacology and molecular docking analyses were introduced to predict the potential targets and mechanism of CIN against UC. The therapeutic effect and the predicted targets of CIN on UC were further validated by in vivo and in vitro experiments. Seven intersection targets shared by CIN and UC were obtained, and four hub targets, i. e. , toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4), transcription factor p65 (NF‐κB), NF‐kappa‐B inhibitor alpha (IκBα), prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 (COX2) were acquired, which were mainly involved in NF‐κB, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), Toll‐like receptor and NOD‐like receptor signaling pathways. CIN alleviated the symptoms of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)‐induced colitis by decreasing the disease active index (DAI), restoring colon length, and relieving colonic pathology. CIN attenuated systemic inflammation by reducing serum myeloperoxidase (MPO), TNF‐α, interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), and interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), down‐regulating TLR4, phosphorylated‐NF‐κB (p‐NF‐κB), phosphorylated‐IκBα (p‐IκBα), and COX2 expression in colonic tissues, and decreasing NOD‐like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), Caspase‐1, and IL‐1β protein expression in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐stimulated RAW264.7 cells. These results indicate that CIN alleviates DSS‐induced colitis inflammation by modulating TLR4/NF‐κB signaling pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
Multi-energy computed tomography using pre-reconstruction decomposition and iterative reconstruction algorithms

The three-dimensional distribution of the materials composing a sample is reconstructed using multiple-energy computed tomography techniques. The a priori knowledge about the specific materials that are present in the sample is used for decomposing the measured intensity projections into projected thicknesses of each component material. Those decomposed projections are then processed using iterative reconstruction algorithms to separately obtain the three-dimensional distribution of each material. A new iterative reconstruction algorithm has been implemented and its performance is compared to the standard filtered back projection and to another existing iterative algorithm based on histogram manipulation. The method is first tested with simulations on data for a realistic, three-materials' numerical sample and then applied to experimental micro-tomography data. The accuracy of the reconstruction from experimental data is tested by means of an energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy scan of the sample.
Acute severe asthma and its predictors of mortality in rural Southwestern Nigeria: a-five year retrospective observational study

Objectives There is an observed paucity of data regarding the predictors of asthma mortality in Nigeria. This study aimed to ascertain the clinical presentations and predictors of acute severe asthma mortality in rural Southwestern Nigeria. Methods A retrospective observational study using a data form and a standardized questionnaire was used to review the 124 patients admitted at Emergency Department between January 2015 and December 2019. The data were analyzed using SPSS Version 22.0. The results were presented in descriptive and tabular formats. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to determine the predictors of asthma mortality and a p-value <. 05 was considered statistically significant. Results A total of 124 patients were studied. The acute severe asthma mortality was 4.8% and its predictors were older age (Crude odds Ratio (COR), 14.857; 95% CI: 2.489–88.696, p < . 001), Tobacco smoking (COR, 6.741; 95% CI: 1.170–38.826, p = .016), more than three co-morbidities (COR, 2.750; 95% CI: 1.147–26.454, p = 0.012), diabetes mellitus (COR, 13.750; 95% CI: 2.380–79.433, p < .001), Human Immunodeficiency virus (COR, 117.000; 95% CI: 9.257–1479.756, p < .001), ≥2 days before presentation (COR, 7.440; 95% CI: 1.288–42.980, p = .039), and Short-acting-B2-agonists overuse (COR, 7.041; 95% CI: 1.005–62.165, p = .044). Conclusion The mortality rate was 4.8% and its predictors were older age patients, tobacco smoking, multiple co-morbidities, diabetes mellitus, HIV, SP02 <90%, delay presentation, and Short-acting-B2-agonists over use, The study showed that there is high prevalence of asthma mortality in rural Southwestern Nigeria. The findings may be used to plan for asthma preventions and control programs in rural settings, and may also provide an impetus for prospective research on these outcomes.
Photothrombotic Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Mice: A Novel Model of Ischemic Stroke

Stroke is one of the main causes of death and disability worldwide. Over the past decades, several animal models of focal cerebral ischemia have been developed allowing to investigate pathophysiological mechanisms underlying stroke progression. Despite intense preclinical research efforts, the need for noninvasive mouse models of vascular occlusion targeting the middle cerebral artery yet avoiding mechanical intervention is still pressing. Here, by applying the photothrombotic stroke model to the distal branch of the middle cerebral artery, we developed a novel strategy to induce a targeted occlusion of a large blood vessel in mice. This approach induces unilateral damage encompassing most of the dorsal cortex from the motor up to the visual regions 1 week after stroke. Pronounced limb dystonia one day after the damage is partially recovered after one week. Furthermore, we observe the insurgence of blood vessel leakage and edema formation in the peri-infarct area. Finally, this model elicits a notable inflammatory response revealed as a strong increase in astrocyte density and morphologic complexity in the perilesional region of the cortex compared with both other regions of the ipsilesional and contralesional hemispheres, and in sham-operated mice. To conclude, the stroke model we developed induces in mice the light-mediated occlusion of one of the main targets of human ischemic stroke, the middle cerebral artery, free from the limitations of commonly used preclinical models.
Flexible, fibre-addressable surface-plasmon-resonance chip

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors exploit optical coupling to surface plasmons, light waves bound to a metal surface. In the most common configuration, a SPR sensor is used with an external light source, optical components to polarize incident light and guide light to and from a metal surface, a coupling device to convert free-space light into surface plasmons and back into free-space light, and a light detector. The light source, the optical components, and the light detector are external to the SPR device, and the coupling structure is often integrated directly with the surface-plasmon-sustaining metal surface. The requirement of several external components restricts the miniaturization of SPR devices and prohibits low-cost implementation. To address these limitations, we design, fabricate, and test a new SPR device chip that is fibre-addressable, does not require a discrete coupling structure, and integrates light delivery, light polarization control, surface plasmon coupling onto a thin, flexible substrate. Our SPR chip is constructed from a thin gold layer deposited on top of a clear plastic sheet, which is then optically connected from the bottom surface onto a plastic linear polarizer sheet. Two cleaved fibres, one to input light and the other to collect reflected light, are then optically attached to SPR device. We experimentally characterize the SPR device and find good agreement between our measurements and a theoretical model based on transfer matrix formalism.
Volumetric Growth and Growth Curve Analysis of Residual Intracranial Meningioma

BACKGROUND: After meningioma surgery, approximately 1 in 3 patients will have residual tumor that requires ongoing imaging surveillance. The precise volumetric growth rates of these tumors are unknown. OBJECTIVE: To identify the volumetric growth rates of residual meningioma, growth trajectory, and factors associated with progression. METHODS: Patients with residual meningioma identified at a tertiary neurosurgery center between 2004 and 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Tumor volume was measured using manual segmentation, after surgery and at every follow-up MRI scan. Growth rates were ascertained using a linear mixed-effects model and nonlinear regression analysis of growth trajectories. Progression was defined according to the Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) criteria (40% volume increase). RESULTS: There were 236 patients with residual meningioma. One hundred and thirty-two patients (56.0%) progressed according to the RANO criteria, with 86 patients being conservatively managed (65.2%) after progression. Thirteen patients (5.5%) developed clinical progression. Over a median follow-up of 5.3 years (interquartile range, 3.5–8.6 years), the absolute growth rate was 0.11 cm3 per year and the relative growth rate 4.3% per year. Factors associated with residual meningioma progression in multivariable Cox regression analysis were skull base location (hazard ratio [HR] 1.60, 95% CI 1.02–2.50) and increasing Ki-67 index (HR 3.43, 95% CI 1.19–9.90). Most meningioma exhibited exponential and logistic growth patterns (median R2 value 0.84, 95% CI 0.60–0.90). CONCLUSION: Absolute and relative growth rates of residual meningioma are low, but most meet the RANO criteria for progression. Location and Ki-67 index can be used to stratify adjuvant treatment and surveillance paradigms.
Object recognition using the distance based on the characteristic of differences

Homogeneity has same or similar shape is so common in the abstract and in nature, and shape similarity is a very important factor for classification and object recognition. Traditionally, a multidimensional vector is treated as a point of the feature space, we calculate the distance between the points to measure the similarity, the smaller the distance, the greater the similarity. The popular similarity measures maybe the Manhattan and Euclidean distances. In this paper, we showed the Minkowski metric computed by the absolute difference of vectors, and ignored the characteristic of the differences. According our previous works, we used objects but not points to respect the vector in the feature space, then the shape similarity can be respected by the character of the differences between vectors. Based on this point, a quasimetric distance was used for similarity estimation. Experiment results on two benchmark datasets from the UCI repository showed this kind of distance can achieve higher accuracy than the classical Manhattan and Euclidean distances in similarity estimation.
Outcomes associated with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for relapsed and refractory Hodgkin lymphoma in the era of novel agents

Relapsed or refractory Hodgkin lymphoma (R/R HL) is a challenging disease with limited treatment options beyond brentuximab vedotin and checkpoint inhibitors. Herein we present the time‐trend analysis of R/R HL patients who received allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo‐HCT) at our center from 2001–2017.
The predictive role of NF-κB-mediated pro-inflammatory cytokine expression levels in hepatitis B vaccine response

ABSTRACT Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global health problem leading to cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and liver failure. The Hepatitis B vaccine plays a significant role in reducing the incidence of HBV worldwide. Approximately 5–10% of vaccinated people do not produce protective antibody levels. Nuclear factor kappa B (NF‑κB) mediates inflammatory responses through pro-inflammatory cytokines. However, the role of the NF‑κB signaling pathway and its association with pro-inflammatory cytokines in hepatitis B vaccine response is unclear. We aimed to assess changes in the IL1A, IL6, IL12A, TNF-α, and NFκB1 expression levels in the non-responder and responder. A total of 32 non-responders and 36 responders were included in the study. The expression level of determined genes was analyzed by RT-PCR. Our results showed that IL1A, IL6, IL12A, and NFκB1 mRNA levels significantly increased in the non-responders compared to the responders (p < .01). Furthermore, there was a significant correlation between IL1A, IL6, TNF-α, and NFκB1 in the non-responder and responders. In conclusion, inflammatory signaling pathways may play an important role in response to HBV vaccine. Therefore, NF‑κB signaling and associated pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA levels could predict hepatitis B vaccine response. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of hepatitis B vaccine immunity need further investigation.