Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SPIMBench: A Scalable, Schema-Aware Instance Matching Benchmark for the Semantic Publishing Domain

Instance matching systems and methods need to be tested using well de ned and widely accepted benchmarks to determine the weak and strong points thereof and also to motivate the development of more complete systems. A benchmark should test the overall quality of the instance matching system in terms of measures such as precision, recall, and F-measure as well as the ability to handle large and diverse datasets. A number of benchmarks have already been proposed to test the performance of instance matching techniques mostly for XML and relational data but, more recently, also for RDF, the type of data prevalent in the Web of Data. Instance Matching benchmarks for RDF data are the rst to consider the problem of instance matching when a real world object is represented in di erent ways that do not all conform to the same RDFS or OWL schema. Meaning that in addition to lexical di erences among entities representing the same object, these benchmarks consider structural di erences such as property splitting or aggregation. However, to the best of our knowledge, none of the proposed benchmarks to date considers the more complex logical constructs that can be expressed in terms of rich OWL constructs. The logical transformations proposed by existing benchmarks all remain at the level of simple RDFS constraints. In this thesis we propose the Semantic Publishing Instance Matching Benchmark, in short, SPIMBench inspired from the Semantic Publishing domain. SPIMBench is based on the BBC (http://www.bbc.com/) ontologies that represent information about creative works (called journalistic assets) created by the publisher's editorial team. SPIMBench proposes and implements i) a scalable data generator, ii) a set of transformations on source data to obtain the target data that include, in addition to the standard value and structural transformations, logical ones that go beyond the standard RDFS constructs and include expressive OWL constructs, namely instance (in)equality, equivalence of classes and properties, property constraints and complex class de nitions, a iii) weighted gold standard that can be used for debugging instance matching systems and nally, iv) a set of metrics used to assess the performance of an instance matching system.
WEED RISK ASSESSMENT

Overviews * What tools do we have to detect invasive plant species? * The search for patterns that enable prediction of invasion * Can the impacts of invasive species be predicted? * Priorities for weed risk assessment: using a landscape context to assess indicators of functions, services and values * Evaluating pest-screening systems - insights from epidemiology and ecology * A comparison of systems to analyze potential weed distributions * National Perspectives * Weed risk assessment for plant introductions to Australia * Implementation of a permitted list approach to plant introductions to Australia * Assessing the risk to indigenous biota of exotic plant taxa new to New Zealand * Pest risk assessment in the United States: guidelines for qualitative assessments for weeds * Towards a system to determine the national significance of weeds in Australia * Regional Perspectives * Invasive plant problems and requirements for weed risk assessment in the Galapagos Islands * Weed risk assessment and prevention in Hawaii: status and practicalities * Commercial use, physical distribution, and invasiveness description: three reasons why Florida still struggles with invasive plants * The effect of introduction pressure on the naturalization of ornamental woody plants in south-eastern Australia * A weed risk assessment model for aquatic weeds in New Zealand * Categorizing invasive plants: the challenge of rating the weeds already in California * Scary species, superlative sites: assessing weed risk in New Zealand's protected natural areas * Synthesis * Weed risk assessment: core issues and future directions.
Silence is not Golden: Disrupting the Load Balancing of Authoritative DNS Servers

Authoritative nameservers are delegated to provide the final resource record. Since the security and robustness of DNS are critical to the general operation of the Internet, domain name owners are required to deploy multiple candidate nameservers for traffic load balancing. Once the load balancing mechanism is compromised, an adversary can manipulate a large number of legitimate DNS requests to a specified candidate nameserver. As a result, it may not only bypass the defense mechanisms used to filter malicious traffic that can overload the victim nameserver, but also lowers the bar for DNS traffic hijacking and cache poisoning attacks. In this study, we report a class of DNS vulnerabilities and present a novel attack named Disablance. Our proposed attack allows adversaries to stealthily sabotage the DNS load balancing for authoritative nameservers at a low cost. By just performing a handful of crafted requests, an adversary can manipulate a given DNS resolver to overload a specific authoritative server for a period of time. Therefore, Disablance can redirect benign DNS requests for all hosted domains to the specific nameserver and disrupts the load balancing mechanism. The above attack undermines the robustness of DNS resolution and increases the security threat of single point of failure. Our extensive study proves the security threat of Disablance is realistic and prevalent. First, we demonstrated that mainstream DNS implementations, including BIND9, PowerDNS and Microsoft DNS, are vulnerable to Disablance. Second, we developed a measurement framework to measure vulnerable authoritative servers in the wild. 22.24% of top 1M FQDNs and 3.94% of top 1M SLDs were proven can be the victims of Disablance. Our measurement results also show that 37.88% of stable open resolvers and 10 of 14 popular public DNS services can be exploited to conduct Disablance, including Cloudflare and Quad9. Furthermore, the critical security threats of Disablance were observed and acknowledged through in-depth discussion with a world-leading DNS service provider. We have reported discovered vulnerabilities and provided recommendations to the affected vendors. Until now, Tencent Cloud (DNSPod) and Amazon have taken action to fix this issue according to our suggestions.
Understanding Recent Trends in House Prices and Home Ownership

This paper looks at a broad array of evidence concerning the recent boom in home prices, and considers what this means for future home prices and the economy. It does not appear possible to explain the boom in terms of fundamentals such as rents or construction costs. A psychological theory, that represents the boom as taking place because of a feedback mechanism or social epidemic that encourages a view of housing as an important investment opportunity, fits the evidence better. Three case studies of past booms are considered for comparison: the US housing boom of 1950, the US farmland boom of the 1970s, and the temporary interruption 2004-5 of the UK housing boom.
Application of MAS to depict spatiotemporal interdependencies between water use and water availability in a semi - arid river basin

This study addresses the interactions between water users and water resources and describes the application of a Multi-agent simulation (MAS) model that has been developed to improve understanding of the processes that drive changes and variations in the spatial and temporal distribution of water resources in a semi-arid river basin. These processes include hydrological processes and water user responses to variations and changes in water availability. The results are relevant for climate change impact assessments, spatial planning and river basin management, in particular for water allocation in semi-arid environments. The MAS model represents water users that both respond to and modify the spatial and temporal distribution of water resources in a river basin. Farmers' decisions on irrigated area and crop type are simulated on the basis of rules including factors such as rainfall, anticipated water availability and observed water availability. Local water abstractions for irrigation influence natural water flows and, reversely, the distribution of water resources over space and time influences water abstractions. Model validity and the use of survey data for representing the studied system dynamics are discussed. It is concluded that a multi-agent simulation model offers a good opportunity for representing the interdependencies between water availability and water use in river basin areas where irrigated agriculture is an important water user. The model can be used for exploring the emergence of basin closure and its relation to water-scarcity patterns. This study shows that a decrease in rainfall and runoff in the Jaguaribe basin in the northeast of Brazil leads to a transition of water use from the dry to the wet season. The dry season water use decreases because of reduced water availability in the dry season. This is the result of reduced rainfall and runoff in the wet season and the consequent increased water use for irrigation in the wet season. A decrease in rainfall and runoff leads to a relative transition of water use from downstream to upstream at the basin scale. Strategic reservoir operation enables local water managers to offset the effect of decreasing rainfall and runoff with respect to water use at the sub-basin scale, at the cost of further decreasing water availability at the basin scale.
Spatial dynamics of economic growth in Switzerland from 1860 to 2000

As highlighed by Perroux economic growth does not appear everywhere at once and at the same rate, but it emerges from certain growth poles and diffuses from there. Hence, agglomeration and economic growth are related phenomena. Following Perroux, this thesis investigates Swiss economic growth as a spatial phenomenon. It argues that agglomeration economies have significantly contributed to Switzerland’s most important growth phase between 1850 and 1910, whereas the limits imposed on spatial economic concentration during the second half of the 20th century have aggravated Switzerland’s growth slack after 1970. This thesis is not only a case study in historical economic geography, but by resolving a serious measurement problem of Swiss GDP and elaborating an extraordinarily detailed geographical dataset it lays the foundation for many future studies on economic growth and regional development in Switzerland. It is one of the first studies to adress the relation between agglomeration and economic growth.
“Hands-on communication”: Use of gestures in apes and humans

This paper presents an overview of gestural communi cation in apes with focus on flexibility and adjustment of gesture use depending o the behavior of the recipient. The different species vary in the number and types of g estures they produce as a result of varying social structure, ecological conditions and cogniti ve skills. As opposed to humans, the majority of ape gestures is not characterized by sy mbolic or conventionalized features; nor are they used in triadic interactions to refer to outsi de entities. However, since the use of gestures in apes shows a high degree of individual variabili ty and flexibility, which is opposed to their vocalizations, gestural communication of nonhuman p rimates may shed light onto the evolutionary scenario of human communication, assum ing that gestures represent the modality within which symbolic communication may ha ve evolved first. Key-Words: Gestural communication, flexibility, referential gestures, pre-linguistic children,
An Exploratory Study on the Utility of Patient-Generated Health Data as a Tool for Health Care Professionals in Multiple Sclerosis Care

Abstract Background Patient-generated health data (PGHD) are data collected through technologies such as mobile devices and health apps. The integration of PGHD into health care workflows can support the care of chronic conditions such as multiple sclerosis (MS). Patients are often willing to share data with health care professionals (HCPs) in their care team; however, the benefits of PGHD can be limited if HCPs do not find it useful, leading patients to discontinue data tracking and sharing eventually. Therefore, understanding the usefulness of mobile health (mHealth) solutions, which provide PGHD and serve as enablers of the HCPs' involvement in participatory care, could motivate them to continue using these technologies. Objective The objective of this study is to explore the perceived utility of different types of PGHD from mHealth solutions which could serve as tools for HCPs to support participatory care in MS. Method A mixed-methods approach was used, combining qualitative research and participatory design. This study includes three sequential phases: data collection, assessment of PGHD utility, and design of data visualizations. In the first phase, 16 HCPs were interviewed. The second and third phases were carried out through participatory workshops, where PGHD types were conceptualized in terms of utility. Results The study found that HCPs are optimistic about PGHD in MS care. The most useful types of PGHD for HCPs in MS care are patients' habits, lifestyles, and fatigue-inducing activities. Although these subjective data seem more useful for HCPs, it is more challenging to visualize them in a useful and actionable way. Conclusion HCPs are optimistic about mHealth and PGHD as tools to further understand their patients' needs and support care in MS. HCPs from different disciplines have different perceptions of what types of PGHD are useful; however, subjective types of PGHD seem potentially more useful for MS care.
Workshop Report on Managing Solar Radiation

The basic concept of managing Earth's radiation budget is to reduce the amount of incoming solar radiation absorbed by the Earth so as to counterbalance the heating of the Earth that would otherwise result from the accumulation of greenhouse gases. The workshop did not seek to decide whether or under what circumstances solar radiation management should be deployed or which strategies or technologies might be best, if it were deployed. Rather, the workshop focused on defining what kinds of information might be most valuable in allowing policy makers more knowledgeably to address the various options for solar radiation management.
Long-Run Trends in the U.S. SES-Achievement Gap

Rising inequality in the United States has raised concerns about potentially widening gaps in educational achievement by socio-economic status (SES). Using assessments from LTT-NAEP, Main-NAEP, TIMSS, and PISA that are psychometrically linked over time, we trace trends in achievement for U.S. student cohorts born between 1954 and 2001. Achievement gaps between the top and bottom quartiles of the SES distribution have been large and remarkably constant for a near half century. These unwavering gaps have not been offset by improved achievement levels, which have risen at age 14 but have remained unchanged at age 17 for the past quarter century.
Effect of alpha-tubulin acetylation on the doublet microtubule structure

Acetylation of α-tubulin at the lysine 40 residue (αK40) by ATAT1/MEC-17 acetyltransferase modulates microtubule properties and occurs in most eukaryotic cells. Previous literatures suggest that acetylated microtubules are more stable and damage-resistant. αK40 acetylation is the only known microtubule luminal post-translational modification site. The luminal location suggests that the modification tunes the lateral interaction of protofilaments inside the microtubule. In this study, we examined the effect of tubulin acetylation on the doublet microtubule in the cilia of Tetrahymena thermophila using a combination of cryo-electron microscopy, molecular dynamics, and mass spectrometry. We found that αK40 acetylation exerts a small-scale effect on the doublet microtubule structure and stability by influencing the lateral rotational angle. In addition, comparative mass spectrometry revealed a link between αK40 acetylation and phosphorylation in cilia.
Lung influenza virus specific memory CD4 T cell location and optimal cytokine production are dependent on interactions with lung antigen-presenting cells

Influenza A virus (IAV) infection leads to the formation of mucosal memory CD4 T cells that can protect the host. An in-depth understanding of the signals that shape memory cell development is required for more effective vaccine design. We have examined the formation of memory CD4 T cells in the lung following IAV infection of mice, characterising changes to the lung landscape and immune cell composition. IAV-specific CD4 T cells were found throughout the lung at both primary and memory time points. These cells were found near lung airways and in close contact with a range of immune cells including macrophages, dendritic cells, and B cells. Interactions between lung IAV-specific CD4 T cells and MHCII+ cells during the primary immune response were important in shaping the subsequent memory pool. Treatment with an anti-MHCII blocking antibody increased the proportion of memory CD4 T cells found at lung airways but reduced interferon-g expression by IAV-specific immunodominant memory CD4 T cells. The immunodominant CD4 T cells expressed higher levels of PD1 than other IAV-specific CD4 T cells and PD1+ memory CD4 T cells were located further away from MHCII+ cells than their PD1-negative counterparts. This distinction in location was lost in mice treated with anti-MHCII antibody. These data suggest that sustained antigen presentation in the lung impacts on the formation of memory CD4 T cells by regulating their cytokine production and location.
Two new norditerpenoid alkaloids of Aconitum nagarum

Two new norditerpenoid alkaloids were isolated from the roots of Aconitum nagarum. Their structures were elucidated as 13-hydroxyfranchetine 1 and 10-dehydroxyflavaconitine 2, respectively, by 1D and 2D NMR experiments.
Impacts of climate change on Australian marine life: part B : technical report

The potential impact of climate change on marine life and ecosystems in Australia is considerably less well understood than for the terrestrial biosphere, or indeed other marine systems globally. However, Australia has many unique and important marine ecosystems and species that are likely to be sensitive to climate change. The endemism of marine organisms (species found nowhere else) is very high along Australia’s southern coastline. As the temperature envelopes (area of suitable environment) of these continental shelf and slope organisms shift southward in response to ocean heating, organisms will be unable to follow these southward moving envelopes due to a lack of shelf habitat between southern Australia and Antarctica.
Mesoscale Meteorology in Midlatitudes

DESCRIPTION Mesoscale Meteorology in Mid-Latitudes presents the dynamics of mesoscale meteorological phenomena in a highly accessible, student-friendly manner. The book's clear mathematical treatments are complemented by high-quality photographs and illustrations. Comprehensive coverage of subjects including boundary layer mesoscale phenomena, orographic phenomena and deep convection is brought together with the latest developments in the field to provide an invaluable resource for mesoscale meteorology students. Mesoscale Meteorology in Mid-Latitudes functions as a comprehensive, easy-to-use undergraduate textbook while also providing a useful reference for graduate students, research scientists and weather industry professionals.
On the analyticity of the bivariant JLO cocycle

The goal of this note is to outline a proof that, for any l $\geq 0$, the JLO bivariant cocycle associated with a family of Dirac type operators along a smooth fibration $M\to B$ over the pair of algebras $(C^\infty (M), C^\infty(B))$, is entire when we endow $C^\infty(M)$ with the $C^{l+1}$ topology and $C^\infty(B)$ with the $C^{l}$ topology. As a corollary, we deduce that this cocycle is analytic when we consider the Frechet smooth topologies on $C^\infty(M)$ and $C^\infty(B)$.
High-flux high-energy ion beam production from stable collisionless shock acceleration by intense petawatt-picosecond laser pulses

A scheme to achieve stable collisionless shock acceleration (CSA) of ions from a near-critical plasma by intense petawatt-picosecond laser pulses is proposed, where the plasma is confined in a high-Z solid tube. The application of the tube, on the one hand, restrains the plasma from transverse thermal expansion, helping to sustain sufficient density steepening required for shock formation and maintenance; on the other hand, due to the induced sheath field along its wall, pinches hot electrons for recirculation near laser axis, aiding to reach efficient plasma heating that is crucial to have a strong shock velocity for ion reflection. Consequently, stable ion CSA can be maintained for picosecond time scales, resulting in production of high-flux high-energy ion beams. Two-dimensional PIC simulations show that proton beams with narrow energy spread between 50 and 80 MeV and high flux with particle number about 1012 are produced by a laser pulse at intensity 8.8 × 1019 W cm−2 and duration 1 ps. By extending the pulse duration to 3 ps, over 100 MeV high-flux proton beams are obtained.
Constraint Programming

Constraint programming is a powerful paradigm for solving combinatorial search problems that draws on a wide range of techniques from artificial intelligence, operations research, algorithms, graph theory and elsewhere. The basic idea in constraint programming is that the user states the constraints and a general purpose constraint solver is used to solve them. Constraints are just relations, and a constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) states which relations should hold among the given decision variables. More formally, a constraint satisfaction problem consists of a set of variables, each with some domain of values, and a set of relations on subsets of these variables. For example, in scheduling exams at an university, the decision variables might be the times and locations of the different exams, and the constraints might be on the capacity of each examination room (e.g. we cannot schedule more students to sit exams in a given room at any one time than the room's capacity) and on the exams scheduled at the same time (e.g. we cannot schedule two exams at the same time if they share students in common). Constraint solvers take a real-world problem like this represented in terms of decision variables and constraints, and find an assignment to all the variables that satisfies the constraints. Extensions of this framework may involve, for example, finding optimal solutions according to one or more optimization criterion (e.g. minimizing the number of days over which exams need to be scheduled), finding all solutions, replacing (some or all) constraints with preferences, and considering a distributed setting where constraints are distributed among several agents. Constraint solvers search the solution space systematically, as with backtracking or branch and bound algorithms, or use forms of local search which may be incomplete. Systematic method often interleave search (see Section 1.3) and inference, where inference consists of propagating the information contained in one constraint to the neighboring constraints (see Section 1.2). Such inference reduces the parts of the search space that need to be visited. Special propagation procedures can be devised to suit specific constraints (called global constraints), which occur often in real life. Such global constraints are an important component in the success of constraint programming. They provide com