Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High-temperature high-frequency turbine exit flow field measurements in a military engine with a cooled unsteady total pressure probe

The measurement of unsteady pressures within the hot components of gas turbine engines still remains a true challenge for test engineers. Several high-temperature pressure sensors have been developed, but so far, their applications are restricted to unsteady wall static pressure measurements. Because of the severe flow conditions such as turbine inlet temperatures of 1700 °C and pressures of 50 bar or more in the most advanced aero-engine designs, few (if any) experimental techniques exist to measure the time-resolved flow total pressure inside the gas path. This article describes the measurements performed at the turbine exit of a military engine with a cooled fast response total pressure probe. The probe concept is based on the use of a conventional miniature piezo-resistive pressure sensor, located in the probe tip to achieve a bandwidth of at least 40 kHz. Due to the extremely harsh conditions, the probe and sensor are heavily water cooled. The probe was designed to be continuously immersed into the hot gas stream to obtain time series of pressure with a high bandwidth and therefore statistically representative average fluctuations at the blade passing frequency (BPV). The experimental results obtained with a second-generation prototype are presented. The probe was immersed into the engine through the bypass duct between turbine exit and flame-holders of the afterburner of a Volvo RM12 engine, at exhaust temperatures above 900 °C. The probe was able to resolve the BPV (∼17 kHz) and several harmonics up to 100 kHz.
T-YOLO: Tiny vehicle detection based on YOLO and multi-scale convolutional neural networks

To solve real-life problems for different smart city applications, using deep Neural Network, such as parking occupancy detection, requires fine-tuning of these networks. For large parking, it is desirable to use a cenital-plane camera located at a high distance that allows the monitoring of the entire parking space or a large parking area with only one camera. Today’s most popular object detection models, such as YOLO, achieve good precision scores at real-time speed. However, if we use our own data different from that of the general-purpose datasets, such as COCO and ImageNet, we have a large margin for improvisation. In this paper, we propose a modified, yet lightweight, deep object detection model based on the YOLO-v5 architecture. The proposed model can detect large, small, and tiny objects. Specifically, we propose the use of a multi-scale mechanism to learn deep discriminative feature representations at different scales and automatically determine the most suitable scales for detecting objects in a scene (i.e., in our case vehicles). The proposed multi-scale module reduces the number of trainable parameters compared to the original YOLO-v5 architecture. The experimental results also demonstrate that precision is improved by a large margin. In fact, as shown in the experiments, the results show a small reduction from 7.28 million parameters of the YOLO-v5-S profile to 7.26 million parameters in our model. In addition, we reduced the detection speed by inferring 30 fps compared to the YOLO-v5-L/X profiles. In addition, the tiny vehicle detection performance was significantly improved by 33% compared to the YOLO-v5-X profile.
Diesel engine ripple torque minimization for parallel type hybrid electric vehicle

In this study, a real-time ripple torque minimization method for a parallel type hybrid electric vehicle is presented. After estimating the diesel engine ripple torque from real engine speed, a negative sign of estimated ripple torque is commanded to the electric machine which is directly coupled to the engine shaft. Thus, a prominent reduction of ripple torque results and speed fluctuations are remarkably reduced. Moreover, because it is possible to reduce the size and weight of the conventional flywheel, and thereby the energy losses in the flywheel every time the vehicle accelerates or decelerates, the overall driving efficiency of the hybrid electric vehicle is improved.
Light/electric modulated approach for logic functions and artificial synapse behaviors by flexible IGZO TFTs with low power consumption

In recent years, low power electronic devices have attracted increasing interest. Here, flexible thin-film transistors (TFTs) with In–Ga–Zn–O (IGZO) as the semiconductor channel material were fabricated on polyethylene terephthalate substrates. The device exhibits good electrical properties at low operating voltage, including a high on/off ratio of ∼7.8 × 106 and high electron mobility of ∼23.1 cm2 V−1 s−1. The device also has an excellent response to visible light. With the increase of visible light intensity, the threshold voltage of IGZO TFTs decreases continuously, but the electron mobility increases gradually. Based on the unique ability of the device to respond to light, we proposed and demonstrated that a single TFT can realize different logic operations under the light/electricity mixed modulation, including ‘AND’ and ‘OR’. In addition, we also simulated some basic artificial synaptic behaviors, including excitatory postsynaptic current and paired-pulse facilitation. Thus, IGZO TFTs operating at low voltages not only have the potential to construct multifunctional optoelectronic devices, but also provide a new idea for simplifying the design of programmable logic circuits.
Association of Total Thyroidectomy or Thyroid Lobectomy With the Quality of Life in Patients With Differentiated Thyroid Cancer With Low to Intermediate Risk of Recurrence.

Importance Owing to the good prognosis of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), guidelines recommend total thyroidectomy (TT) or thyroid lobectomy (TL) as surgical treatment for DTC with low to intermediate risk of recurrence. However, the association of these surgeries with the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of patients with DTC with low to intermediate risk of recurrence is unclear. Objective To longitudinally compare the HRQOL of patients with DTC undergoing different surgeries. Design, Setting, and Participants This prospective observational longitudinal cohort study enrolled patients diagnosed with DTC with low to intermediate risk of recurrence at the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, China, from October 1, 2018, to September 31, 2019. Eligible patients were categorized into TL and TT groups according to the surgery they underwent. They were evaluated preoperatively and followed up at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively using 3 HRQOL-related questionnaires (European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire, version 3.0; Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; and Thyroid Cancer-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire); serum thyrotropin levels, complications, and patient satisfaction were also monitored. Data were analyzed to compare the HRQOL of patients undergoing different surgeries at different time points. Exposures Total thyroidectomy or TL. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary end point was HRQOL (European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire, version 3.0; Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; and Thyroid Cancer-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire) at different time points, and the secondary end points were postoperative complications, thyrotropin level, and patient satisfaction. Results Of the 1060 eligible patients, 563 underwent TL (438 women [77.8%]; median [IQR] age, 38 [31-45] years), and 497 underwent TT (390 women [78.5%]; median [IQR] age, 38 [32-48] years). Compared with the TL group, including the 1- to 4-cm tumor subgroup, the TT group experienced more postoperative HRQOL problems at 1 and 3 months postoperatively. However, nearly all the differences disappeared at 6 and 12 months postoperatively. Conclusions and Relevance Results of this study suggest that HRQOL of patients with DTC with low to intermediate risk of recurrence is not associated with the extent of surgery, and HRQOL may not be an important consideration when making surgical decisions. If better HRQOL is requested in the short term, TL may be preferred.
International Journal of Emerging Electric Power Systems A 28-Pulse ACDC Converter Based SMPS for Telecom Power Supply

This paper presents a new 28-pulse ac-dc converter for enhancing the power quality at the point of common coupling, while feeding a medium capacity switched mode power supply (SMPS). It consists of two series connected 14-pulse ac-dc uncontrolled converters fed by seven phase-shifted ac voltages. The proposed converter is found capable of suppressing up to 27 harmonic currents in the ac mains. The power factor is also improved to near unity over a wide operating range of the SMPS. The design and analysis of the proposed ac-dc converter is carriedout in detail. A laboratory prototype of the autoconnected transformer based 28-pulse ac-dc converter is developed, and various tests have been conducted on it to validate the simulated performance of the proposed converter. Several experimental results are also included to show the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed converter.
Low-noise FET's vulnerability prediction under RF pulsed overloads based on nonlinear electrothermal modeling

In this work we have determined a nonlinear electrothermal model for a low-noise GaAs MESFET, which enables evaluation of the time dependance of the internal temperature rise consecutive to a microwave overload impinging on the gate. This model takes into account the balance between the microwave energy loss under the gate in the active layer and energy conduction through the substrate during the pulse duration. We have conducted experimental determination of the critical peak power level for failure for several pulse durations and with the application of the model, we find that burnout is reached when the internal temperature exceeds 500/spl deg/C. We are able to predict the vulnerability of a low-noise amplifier under microwave overload.
Elastic floor response spectra of nonlinear frame structures subjected to forward-directivity pulses of near-fault records

This article presents the statistical characteristics of elastic floor acceleration spectra that represent the peak response demand of non-structural components attached to a nonlinear supporting frame. For this purpose, a set of stiff and flexible general moment resisting frames with periods of 0.3- 3.6 sec. are analyzed using forty-nine near-field strong ground motion records. Peak accelerations are derived for each single degree of freedom non-structural component, supported by the above mentioned frames, through a direct-integration time-history analysis. These accelerations are obtained by Floor Acceleration Response Spectrum (FARS) method. They are statistically analyzed in the next step to achieve a better understanding of their height-wise distributions. The factors that affect FARS values are found in the relevant state of the art. Here, they are summarized to evaluate the amplification and/or reduction of FARS values especially when the supporting structures undergo inelastic behavior. The properties of FARS values are studied in three regions: long-period, fundamental-period and short-period. Maximum elastic acceleration response of non-structural component, mounted on inelastic frames, depends on the following factors: inelasticity intensity and modal periods of supporting structure; natural period, damping ratio and location of non-structural component. The FARS values, corresponded to the modal periods of supporting structure, are strongly reduced beyond elastic domain. However, they could be amplified in the transferring period domain between the mentioned modal periods. In the next step, the amplification and/or reduction of FARS values, caused by inelastic behavior of supporting structure, are calculated. A parameter called the response acceleration reduction factor ሺ௔௖௖ ሻ , has been previously used for far-field earthquakes. The feasibility of extending this parameter for near-field motions is focused here, suggested repeatedly in the relevant sources. The nonlinearity of supporting structure is included in ሺ௔௖௖ ሻ for better estimation of maximum non-structural component absolute acceleration demand, which is ordinarily neglected in the seismic design provisions.
Improved fuzzy-PID integrated control for vehicle active suspension based on road excitation

: In order to improve the ride comfort of a car and its robustness under various road conditions, an improved fuzzy-PID integrated control strategy for the active suspension of the vehicle seat and the active suspension of the chassis is proposed. Compared with the general fuzzy-PID control method, the control strategy can adjust the quantisation factor, scale factor and PID parameter value of the controller in real time according to the random excitation of the road surface and the vertical speed of the seat, so as to achieve more accurate control of the control force. An 11-DOF vehicle ride comfort model is established to simulate the vehicle running on A, B, C and D grade road surface in MATLAB/Simulink. The results show that the improved fuzzy-PID integrated control of the vehicle active suspension can greatly improve the vehicle ride comfort and handling stability, and the effect is obviously better than that of the fuzzy-PID control.
Performing ship hull inspections using a remotely operated vehicle

The Naval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock Division, NSWCCD, has been using remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) to perform underwater ship hull surveys. These deployments have been in support of research efforts in the following areas: acoustic diagnostics; magnetic signatures; cathodic protection; hull coating inspection; and hull damage assessment. 26 surveys have been performed since 1990 on aircraft carriers, cruisers, destroyers, submarines, swath hulls and piers. This paper focuses on one aspect of underwater hull inspection, the measurement of hull paint thickness. An important part of ship hull maintenance is inspecting the thickness of the underwater hull coatings. This paper describes the issues that were dealt with when such a measurement probe was deployed on US Navy ships in an industrial harbor environment. The paper also addresses the physics behind the paint thickness sensor, and its preparation for underwater use on the ROV. Results from actual deployments are reported to show that this method of data collection is valid and the probe can be used to obtain a paint thickness profile of the hull. This information was subsequently used to assist in planning the drydock maintenance package for a ship.
Forging Collaboration for Large-Scale Technology: Government, Industry, and Energy Innovation

A dominant theme in contemporary public administration research is collaboration. In public administration, collaboration is defined as the process of facilitating and operating in multiorganizational arrangements to solve public problems that cannot be solved or easily solved by single organizations (O’Leary and Bingham 2006). Cross-sector collaboration provides a possible path for solving the endemic issue of developing and deploying large-scale technology to meet energy needs. The paper examines the extant literature on cross-sector collaboration to generate specific hypotheses relevant to large-scale energy innovations and presents a case study analysis of two government-industry collaborative projects in carbon capture and sequestration. The projects contrast in terms of whether government or industry has been the prime driver. They also differ in terms of relative smoothness or turbulence in their course from concept to actuality. Stable and strong cross-sector collaborative leadership is clearly critical as a success factor. The paper concludes with implications for future research linking collaboration and energy innovation.
Collaborative production line control: Minimisation of throughput variability and WIP

Production research challenges over the last four decades are reviewed retrospectively. Industries can benefit from collaborative production advancements. Specifically, industries with automated, discrete production lines struggle with intrinsic process variability affected by rules that coordinate interactions among production line machines. Benefits can be gained by responsive collaboration among these machines. A given set of rules can potentially yield either an amplifying or smoothing effect on the process’s inherent variability, subject to current system conditions. A key challenge is the lack of models to dynamically select/re-select the appropriate set of rules to optimise performance. This problem involves uncertain and dynamic constraints, raising the need for collaboration and conflict resolution mechanisms. Through collaboration and conflict resolution the production flow disruptions can be minimised; high process efficiency to meet customer demand with minimum inventory levels can be achieved. A collaborative control theory approach based on three of its principles is developed to accomplish this objective. Performance under this approach, called collaborative production line control (CPLC) is compared to common industry standard control methods. A case study shows that CPLC outperforms traditional models, achieving a statistically significant 43% reduction in throughput variability, 24% reduction in WIP, and a 0.45% increase in service level.
Effects of microvia build-up layers on the solder joint reliability of a wafer level chip scale package (WLCSP)

The effect of a 2-layer microvia build-up printed circuit board (PCB) on the solder joint reliability of a wafer level chip scale package (WLCSP) assembly subject to thermal cycling is investigated in this study. The 62Sn-2Ag-36Pb solder joints are assumed to be: (1) an elastic material; (2) an elastic-plastic material; and (3) a creep material described by the Garofalo-Arrhenius creep constitutive equation. The stress and strain in the corner solder joint of the WLCSP assembly are presented and compared for these three analyses. Besides, the present results are compared with those from the previous analyses on the WLCSP assembly with only one microvia build-up layer.
A Transmitting Active Array with Spatially Selective Linealization

In this paper, a transmitting active array with spatial power combining concept for selective spatial linearization is implemented. The main nonlinearity of PHEMT device is used to describe some characteristics of its intermodulation distortion behaviour. An auxiliary branch is added for cancelling the third order intermodulation distortion (IMD3) of the main branch without diminishing its gain. A dual-feed series patch array was designed with a good input matching as well as acceptable port-to-port isolation. Experimental characterization of the complete system has proved an important cancellation of the IMD3 appears on the pointing direction comparing with the class A operation. These results validate the proposed method. (5 pages)
On the treatment of super-heavy syllables in Arabic Dialects: an Optimality Theoretic approach to historical typology

This study provides a historical typological Optimality Theoretic analysis of the treatment of potential super-heavy syllables in six Arabic varieties: Hijazi, Egyptian, Emirati, Kuwaiti, Algerian, and Palestinian. The analysis in this study uses the same violable OT constraints for all languages, and the differences between the grammars are represented by the order in which the constraints are ranked relative to one another. The similarities and differences between these varieties are examined from the point of view of one approach to historical OT (Cho 1998), which states that individual pairs of constraints may be ranked or unranked in relation to one another, one operation at a time, meaning that switching the order of two constraints takes two steps historically. According to Cho (1998, 45), “each step of a sound change should be viewed as a change in the ranking of constraints. ” Cho’s approach in detecting the historical typological differences between varieties by counting the steps of constraint reranking is compatible with a common approach to historical linguistics. Specifically, Wichmann et al. (2010) provide a quantitative method for determining the geographic homeland of a group of related languages, which takes into account a simple linguistic-difference metric and the geographic distance between the languages. Using constraint reranking in place of Wichmann et al.’s linguistic-difference metric to calculate the homeland of Arabic dialects results in an area around Hijaz as the homeland of Arabic dialects, since Hijazi, Egyptian and Emirati dialects form a cluster of geographically close, but linguistically diverse dialects.
Casual Infovis in the Workplace: Supporting Worker Reflections and Conversations

Workers socialize and collaborate in the course of performing their workday duties. Imprint is a casual information visualization kiosk that supports workers in seeing, exploring, and reflecting upon their printing activity. The Imprint kiosk is a large touchscreen display that augments the existing social space around shared printer facilities. My hope is draw workgroup members in extended reflections and conversations around their consumption behaviors and the social data that is inherent in printed data. I suggest an evaluation metric to measure the innate curiosity of individuals and hypothesize that curiosity is a key determinant of the success of personal and group informatics systems.
DEA-Based Measurement of Information System Performance

This paper selects YMK-DEA and C2GS2-ISS models for the evaluation of performance of complex information systems. Referring the balanced scorecard, evaluation indexes for IS performance are presented from four perspectives, including finance, customer, internal processes and learning and growth. Taking the information systems from 30 steel sale enterprises as examples, this paper uses YMK-DEA and C2GS2-ISS models to evaluate IS performance from the angles of both technical efficiency and scale efficiency, and compares the results with those from C2R and C2GS2 models. Finally, some suggestions for IS improvement are given.
Numerical prediction of electronic component heat transfer: an industry perspective

This study aims to provide a perspective on the current capabilities of computational fluids dynamics (CFD) as a design tool to predict component operating temperature in electronic systems. A systematic assessment of predictive accuracy is presented for printed circuit board (PCB) mounted component heat transfer, using a CFD code dedicated to the thermal analysis of electronic systems. Component operating temperature predictive accuracy ranges from +3/spl deg/C to +22/spl deg/C (up to 35%) of measurement, depending on component location on the board, airflow velocity and flow model applied. Combined with previous studies, the results highlight that component junction temperature needs to be experimentally measured when used for strategic product design decisions and reliability predictions. Potential development areas are discussed for improved analysis.