Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Volatile (H2O, CO2, S, Cl) concentration in magma of the Veiðivötn fissure swarm. A study on melt inclusions in plagioclase, olivine and clinopyroxene

Volatile concentrations in plagioclase, olivine and clinopyroxene hosted melt inclusions and groundmass glasses were analysed from the Bárðarbunga-Veiðivötn volcanic system in the Eastern Volcanic Zone of Iceland. Tephra samples were collected from Brandur, Fontur and Saxi, SE of Þórisvatn. H2O, CO2 concentrations were measured by FTIR and Raman Spectroscopies, while S, Cl, major and minor elements were determined by electron microprobe. The H2O concentration was between 0.08 and 0.53 wt. % and the CO2 concentration was from below detection limit up to 2500 ppm. S concentration varies from 300 ppm to 1700 ppm in groundmass glass and 700 ppm to 1500 ppm in melt inclusions. The relationship between S and other major elements indicate extensive fractional crystallization followed by S degassing. Cl concentration was between 0 and 120 ppm in melt inclusions and between 0 and 250 ppm groundmass glasses. These volatile concentrations are similar to those observed in melt inclusions and groundmass glasses elsewhere in the Eastern Volcanic Zone. Pressure calculated based on melt inclusions revealed a shallow entrapment depth between 0 and 6 km. The pressure calculated from groundmass glass were higher indicating magma storage depth of 3 to 10 km. This suggests that the more evolved melt represented by groundmass glass resided deeper in the crust than the more primitive melt trapped in melt inclusions. Oxygen fugacity was also calculated based on spinel-olivine pairs and yielded log(fO2) FMQ of 1.12 to 1.34, which is significantly higher than values generally assumed for Icelandic primitive melts.
A Study on Developing the Contents of Historical Education Using Social Network Analysis

윤혜정, 서희창, 박은수, 이윤선, 김재준, 이희수, 임성빈, 이태식 한양대학교 건축공학과, 한양대학교 ERICA 공학기술연구소, 한양대학교 EIRCA 건축학부, 한양대학교 ERICA 문화인류학과, 명지대학교 교통공학과, 한국건설기술연구원 Hye-Jeong Yun(brier89@naver.com), Hee-Chang Seo(seooesoo@hanmail.net), Eun-Soo Park(parkes11@hanyang.ac.kr), Yoon-Sun Lee(yoonsunlee@hanyang.ac.kr), Jae-Jun Kim(jjkim@hanyang.ac.kr), Hee-Soo Lee(lee200@dreamwiz.com), Seong-Bin Lim(sbimm@mju.ac.kr), Tai-Sik Lee(cmtsl@hanyang.ac.kr) 요약
Initial experience with a multidisciplinary approach for the management of complex vascular anomalies

Introduction: Vascular anomalies (VAs) are constituted by a broad spectrum of alterations, including tumors and vascular malformations, and pediatric patients with vascular anomalies usually benefit from the contributions made by a multidisciplinary team approach. This study aimed to describe the initial experience of a multidisciplinary approach group for managing complex vascular anomalies in pediatric patients. Methodology: This observational study of pediatric patients (< 18 years) presented and analyzed a group of vascular anomalies in Ecuador from November 2019 to May 2022. Diag-noses were compiled according to the International Society for the Study of Vascular Anom-alies, the location of the lesion, the treatment offered, complications, and evolution; patients with uncomplicated infantile hemangioma and congenital hemangioma were excluded. Results: Forty-five patients with vascular anomalies were included, of whom 53% were female and 47% were male. The mean age at presentation was 5.93 years, 78% had vascular malformations, and 22% had vascular tumors. Venous vascular malformations were the most frequent at 22%, and lymphatic malformations were the most frequent at 16%. The most frequent location was the head/face affected by venous-type vascular malformations, with 29%. At least one symptom was present in 89% of the patients; the most commonly used treatment was sclerotherapy in 36.36%. Conclusion: This is the first report made in Ecuador of a multidisciplinary team that treats complex VA in children according to the reviewed bibliography, affirming that VA is a great challenge due to the broad spectrum of pathologies. The multidisciplinary team guarantees complete management in complex VA cases, achieving an adequate diagnosis to offer the best therapeutic options for the pediatric patient.
The habit of strawberry ﬂowering is the key for runner propagation, where the photoperiod is the main environmental factor ­ A review

: Despite the advancement of tissue culture in strawberry plant propa­ gation, the degree of elite for ﬁeld cultivation depends on forcing the plant to produce runners. The strawberry ﬂower habit [everbearing (EB), seasonal berry (SB), short­day (SD), long­day (LD), and day­neutral (DN)] deﬁnes the method of encouraging the plant to generate runners, since the formation of runners is mostly inﬂuenced by genetic factors before being inﬂuenced by environmental factors. Stolon production, which occurs as a result of vying for resources under certain environmental circumstances, is the reverse of blossoming. Therefore, any stimulus that encourages stolon formation and vegetative growth limits the development of ﬂower buds, which is necessary for elite propagation. Long photoperiod, temperature, chilling hour, or cold storage, and plant growth reg­ ulators (PGR) are cited as these variables. Temperature has a signiﬁcant impact on runner development, although the long daily photoperiod (LD) remains the most crucial component in runner induction. However, when LD interacts with other factors like temperature, cold storage, and gibberellins, its eﬃciency is increased. Thus, based on the cultivars and the seasonal climate of the geo­ graphical location, the best approach for strawberry propagation is identiﬁed by optimising the planting date for propagation or adjusting the propagation circumstances.
IoT for Real Time Presence Sensing on the 5G EVE Infrastructure

—One of the most widely advertised capabilities of 5G targets the massive Machine-Type Communication (mMTC) giving the development of Internet of Things (IoT) solutions center stage in the new generation of mobile networks. In this paper, we address the possibility of detecting people on city streets thanks to deployment of commercial sensors, connected to the 5G network, that capture WiFi probes transmitted by people’s smart devices. We ﬁrst outline the motivation of such a scenario. Then, we illustrate our implemented architecture and present the results detected in an area near the Politecnico di Torino within the 5G EVE H2020 project. We show that our architecture can monitor real-time data coming from the installed sensors and thus estimate the number of people present in an area by simply collecting anonymized MAC addresses and timestamps from smart devices of passers-by.
Mini-Review Prospective Treatment of Age-Related Diseases by Slowing Down Aging

Atherosclerosis, hypertension, obesity, diabetic complications, cancer, benign prostate hyperplasia, Alz-heimer and Parkinson diseases, age-related macular degeneration, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, and sebor-rheic keratosis are strongly associated with aging, implying a common underlying process. Each disease is treated separately and, in most cases, symptomatically. Suppression of aging itself should delay or treat all age-related diseases, thus increasing healthy life span and maximal longevity. But, is it possible to slow down aging? Recent evidence indicates that the target of rapamycin signaling pathway is involved in cellular senescence and organismal aging. Preclinical and clinical studies demonstrated the therapeutic effects of rapamycin in diverse age-related diseases. One simple reason why a single drug is indicated for so many age-related diseases is that it inhibits the aging process. (Am J Pathol 2012, 181:1142–1146; http://dx. doi.org/10.1016/j.ajpath.2012.06.024) Humans and other mammals often
MUAMMOLI KREDITLARNING IQTISODIY AHAMIYATI VA BANK OPERATSION SAMARADORLIGI

The implications of this research extend beyond the financial sector, offering insights to policymakers, financial institutions, and economic analysts. A more profound understanding of the interplay between non-performing loans and bank operational efficiency holds the potential to inform better risk management practices, foster financial stability, and promote sustainable economic development. This study underscores the crucial role of addressing non-performing loans in enhancing the resilience and performance of banks, thereby contributing to overall economic well-being.
Visual and Auditory Representation of Sentiment Classified Data Using SVM

In the past few years, microblogging websites have evolved to become a source of varied kind of information. Twitter is a popular microblogging website where users create short status messages called ‘tweets’. In this paper, we present a state-of-the art model trained using a support vector machine with Bag-Of-Words and TF-IDF features for each tweet. The proposed model provides a visual and an auditory representation of the sentiments that the tweets have been classified into. The results show a state-of-the art performance achieved by the model with a F1 measure of 77.47 and an accuracy of 77.93% which is better than the existing models.
Impact of Earthquake Types and Aftershocks on Loss Assessment of Non-Code-Conforming Buildings: Case Study with Victoria, British Columbia

This paper presents a study on the impact of earthquake types (shallow crustal, deep inslab, and megathrust Cascadia interface earthquakes) and aftershocks on loss assessment of non-code-conforming reinforced concrete (RC) buildings. The loss assessment is formulated within the performance-based earthquake engineering framework. The dependency between the maximum and residual inter-story drift ratios are captured using copulas. Finite-element models that take into account key hysteretic characteristics of non-ductile RC frames were adopted and incremental dynamic analysis is utilized to compute collapse risk. The proposed procedure is applied to a set of 2-, 4-, 8-, and 12-story non-ductile reinforced concrete frames located in Victoria, British Columbia, Canada. From the results, the aftershock showed marked difference for the 2-story building. At annual probability of 10−2–10−3, crustal and inslab events with Mw6.5 to Mw7.5 contributed the most to the loss as these events occur more frequently. At rarer annual probability of 10−3–10−4, the Cascadia event having Mw8.5 to Mw9.0 is predominant and contributed the most to the loss.
USING WORD-LEVEL FEATURES FOR PROSODIC PROMINENCE DETECTION IN CONVERSATIONAL SPEECH

This paper focuses on the automatic detection of prominent words in conversational speech. Most tools for prominence detection rely on prosodic features extracted at a syllable-or phone level and their accuracy thus strongly depends on the quality of the given phone-level segmentation. Given the high degree of pronunciation variation in conversational speech, automatic phonetic segmentation is not accurate enough to detect prominence reliably. Here we explore different approaches to prominence detection that require merely a prior word-level segmentation. The first experiment shows that by using word-level prosodic features cross-validation accuracies of 88% ± 4% can be reached, and that word duration is the most important feature. The second experiment introduces entropy-based fundamental frequency and intensity features for prominence detection. Our findings suggest that entropy-based, word-level features can provide a robust approach to detecting prominent words in conversational speech.
PhonD2: A DATABASE ON PHONOTACTIC STRUCTURES OF GERMAN DIALECTS

We present the PhonD2 corpus, which is an open access online database on phonotactic structures of German dialects. The corpus is based on both the translation of sentences and free speech during interviews in 172 sites all over Germany. Data are annotated according to phonological and morphological criteria, e.g., sounds, CV-structure, morphemes. At present, the sub-corpus of translations is integrated, free speech will be added successively. The corpus focuses on syllable structures in dialects aiming at the description of geographical variation of syllable patterns at the phonology-phonetics interface and their typological classification. It shows, e.g., systematic regional differences in preferences for monosyllabic words, differences in how they arrange on the sonority scale as well as regional differences in the clustering of consonants in both onset and coda. The PhonD2 corpus thus opens up a systematic perspective on the clustering of sounds and on typological characteristics of German beyond standard language.
An acoustic study of the realisation of KIT in the conversational speech of young English speakers in Australia

This study sheds new light on the under-investigated Weak Vowel Merger (WVM) in Australian English whereby an historical contrast between unstressed KIT and SCHWA has been lost in favour of a central schwa-like variant. We address the following questions: (a) to what extent are unstressed vowels derived historically from KIT realised with a centralised quality as per conventional accounts of WVM; (b) does the status of the lexical item as grammatical/non-grammatical impact significantly on the realisation of the unstressed syllables; (c) to what extent is any centralisation correlated with the duration of the unstressed vowels? We present acoustic analyses of the quality and duration of 2745 tokens of historical KIT by 40 speakers (20M/F) aged 18-22 from Perth recorded for c. 30 minutes engaged in an unscripted conversational interaction. While our findings are largely consistent with the conventional WVM analysis, they point to additional complexity that warrants further investigation.
Performance Evaluation of Personal Ad-hoc Area Network Based on Different Mobility Models

One of the main characteristics of ad hoc networks is their mobility. In order to evaluate an ad hoc network performance it is necessary to develop and use mobility models that accurately represent movements of the mobile nodes. In this paper, we analysis various mobility models: Reference Point Group Mobility, Random Waypoint Mobility, Freeway Mobility and City Section Mobility on the performance of IEEE 802.15. 4 MAC ZigBee using AODV protocol in Network Simulator (NS 2.34). The comparative conclusions are drawn based on various performance metrics such as Packet Delivery Ratio, data loss, overhead, end-to-end delay and Throughput. The simulation results show that freeway mobility model is better than other mobility models.
eCommons@AKU eCommons

Background: Globally, hypertension is the leading non-communicable disease and strongest predictor of cardiovascular diseases. To mitigate and prevent hypertension-related complications, self-care behavior adaptation has proven to be vital. In this study, we examined the six clinically prescribed levels of self-care as prescribed by the Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Pressure and its predictors among a select sample of hypertensive individuals in Karachi, Pakistan. Methods: This study reports the cross-sectional survey of a sequential mixed method study which assessed the levels of self-care of hypertensive individuals residing in an urban cosmopolitan setting within Karachi Pakistan. Four hundred and two patients were screened using the H-SCALE questionnaire, while socio-demographic predictors of self-care and level of knowledge of hypertension were identified using a study-specific checklist. Self-care was assessed against six clinical domains including medication adherence, diet, weight management, physical activity, and abstinence from alcohol. Results: Participants were recruited from the two largest tertiary care hospitals in Karachi. Good knowledge about hypertension, including its causes, management, and complications was reported by 4.47% of the participants. Highest levels of self-care adherence were found for abstinence from alcohol (100%), smoking cessation (83.33%), and medication compliance (71.89%), whereas lowest levels were found for diet (27.11%), and physical activity (24.88%). In terms of predictors for self-care, age, male gender, and self-checking of blood pressure at home, followed by the level of education were the most common predictors for each self-care behavior in the given population. Conclusion: Overall knowledge of self-care for hypertension is sub-optimal among hypertensive patients in Pakistan which is reflected in their behaviors. There is a need to introduce healthcare educational programs in Pakistan which can improve self-care behaviors of hypertensive individuals and potentially reduce the prevalence of associated cardiovascular diseases and its complications.
Towards a theory of ignorance Towards a theory of ignorance

:Abstract: The paper develops an argument for the criteria that a theory of ignorance should meet. It starts from the distinction between instrumental and non-instrumental action. Usually, the latter is considered irrational and the former rational as being based upon known cause-effect relations whilst the latter is not. I argue that the former requires a reasoned basis in predictive knowledge of cause and effect, without which good council is either for inaction or non-instrumental action. The argument proceeds by exploiting mainstream statistical methods to explore an example of a ‘metric of advised ignorance’ to guide explicit reasoned choice allowing rejection of instrumental action in favour of inaction or non-instrumental action. The argument then explores a case study of how such rejection is disallowed by official requirements in International Development Assistance (aid) that contexts must always be believed predictive and so action organised as instrumental. This shows the basic irrationality of mainstream policy rationality. The paper then discusses wider social epistemological issues of this irrationality and concludes with a list of criteria a theory of ignorance should meet.
Ganciclovir ophthalmic gel 0.15% for the treatment of acute herpetic keratitis: background, effectiveness, tolerability, safety, and future applications

: Eye disease due to herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a leading cause of ocular morbidity and the number one infectious cause of unilateral corneal blindness in the developed parts of the globe. Recurrent keratitis can result in progressive corneal scarring, thinning, and vascularization. Antiviral agents employed against HSV have primarily been nucleoside analogs. Early generation drugs included idoxuridine, iododesoxycytidine, vidarabine, and trifluridine. While effective, they tended to have low bioavailability and measurable local cellular toxicity due to their nonselective mode of action. Acyclovir 0.3% ointment is a more selective agent, and had become a first-line topical drug for acute HSV keratitis in Europe and other places outside of the US. Ganciclovir 0.15% gel is the most recently approved topical treatment for herpes keratitis. Compared to acyclovir 0.3% ointment, ganciclovir 0.15% gel has been shown to be better tolerated and no less effective in several Phase II and III trials. Additionally, topical ganciclovir does not cause adverse systemic side effects and is therapeutic at lower concentrations. Based on safety, efficacy, and tolerability, ganciclovir 0.15% gel should now be considered a front-line topical drug in the treatment of dendritic herpes simplex epithelial keratitis. Topics of future investigation regarding other potential uses for ganciclovir gel may include the prophylaxis of recurrent HSV epithelial keratitis, treatment of other forms of ocular disease caused by herpesviruses and adenovirus, and ganciclovir gel as an adjunct to antitumor therapy.
SCARLET: Serverless Container Autoscaling with Reinforcement Learning Environments

—Serverless computing is a paradigm of cloud computing that allows users to avoid challenging server management and overprovisioning of resources. In the serverless model, users submit functions to cloud providers (e.g. Google or Amazon), who deploy and execute instances of these workloads in short-lived containers before returning the output to the user. Cloud providers are thus responsible for managing computing resources such that (1) user-provider agreements on quality of service objectives are met, and (2) resources (i.e. containers) are neither over-nor under-provisioned. Current serverless systems in production address resource management with naive autoscalers that provide heuristic solutions at best. Recent research has shown that using reinforcement learning (RL) for serverless resource management is promising; however, the implementation of RL-based au-toscalers in production-grade environments like Ku-bernetes and the evaluation of these autoscalers us-ing realistic serverless benchmarks have been limited. We present SCARLET, a framework for RL-based autoscaling in Kubernetes clusters. In our de-sign, users only need to provide standard Kubernetes YAML manifests and service-level agreement (SLA) configurations for each function. SCARLET also allows developers to experiment with any RL agent implemented with adherence to the standard OpenAI Gym API. Finally, we use SCARLET to implement a Deep Q-Learning model. Our evaluation demonstrates that, through implementation via SCARLET, the model satisfies quality-of-service constraints for multiple functions running concurrently.
A parareal in time procedure for the control of partial differential equations

We have proposed in a previous note a time discretization for partial differential evolution equation that allows for parallel implementations. This scheme is here reinterpreted as a preconditioning procedure on an algebraic setting of the time discretization. This allows for extending the parallel methodology to the problem of optimal control for partial differential equations. We report a ﬁrst numerical implementation that reveals a large interest. To cite this article: Y. Maday, G. Turinici, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 335 (2002) 387–392.  2002 Académie
MODELLING THE PARAMETERS OF FIXED STRESS IN SLAVIC WITH DYNAMIC COMPUTATIONAL NETWORKS

This paper examines the acoustic correlates of word stress in Czech and Polish, Western Slavic languages with fixed accent position. The objective of the study is to model the data using a pair of variables, calculated by an optimisation algorithm. These variables represent lateral excitation or inhibition influencing prominence through the word in each direction.
EFFECTS OF DIALECT PRIMING ON PHONETIC CONVERGENCE

Non-linguistic social information affects speech perception. The goal of the current study was to examine the effect on phonetic convergence of providing non-linguistic regional information about the model talker in a word shadowing task. Shadowers produced a set of target words in a baseline reading task and then repeated those words after a model talker from the Northern dialect of American English. Half of the shadowers were asked simply to repeat the model talker. The other half were told that the model talker is from the Northern United States and then asked to repeat her. Phonetic convergence was assessed perceptually using an AXB perceptual similarity task. The results revealed significant phonetic convergence overall, with more convergence by the shadowers who were told where the model talker is from than by those who were not. These results suggest that non-linguistic social information can prime phonetic convergence in a word shadowing task.
奔向未来——GOOGLE NEXUS ONE

其实Google和苹果这两家公司有着颇多的相似之处，他们都是极具创新精神的科技公司，在全球也都有着数量庞大的粉丝群。 但在手机产品的研发与推广上，两家公司却有着不一样的考量。 其中最显著的区别是相对苹果，Googte更开放、友善，更具有分享精神。 平心而论，苹果除了那套价格不菲的MobileMe服务外，就真的再没什么可为iPhone提供支撑的服务了。