Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Future of Palliative Treatment in India: A Review

The rapid dynamics of the world bring about changes in all aspects of the life of human beings. These dynamics hence call for the need for research and development in the field of the betterment of the life of a human. Palliative care for the patient in need is a field that drastically affects human life and can provide an ethical and more humanitarian way to live. The main objective of this article is to examine the Indian system of palliative care's organizational structure, roles, and applicability in India. By reading various research articles on the internet, mainly PubMed and Google Scholar, we collected enough information on the palliative care facilities in India. After going through the research articles and thorough discussion, it comes to the knowledge that India's existing palliative care facilities are lacking behind the rest of the world. However, some states have better approaches and facilities, but overall research suggests the need for more development in the field of palliative care even more. India needs a systematic approach to improving palliative care. These improvements include increasing the workforce, better application of policies, good political support, and educating health care workers and patients requiring palliative treatment.
Students as Place-Makers: A Case Study on Action Civics and Place

Abstract In this study, we aimed to understand the role of place in how young people come to understand civic life. We implemented and studied an action civics curriculum at two sites to explore the connections between place and youth civic identity. We found that (1) place informs students’ conceptualizations of community responsibility and collective action, (2) place can help students see community issues in expansive and critical ways, and (3) attention to place during instruction can encourage young people to identify as civic agents. We suggest that a pedagogical emphasis between place and action civics helps students imagine themselves as builders of their socio-material reality and contributes to their civic knowledge, skills, and dispositions.
Heterogeneous Evolution of Sex Chromosomes in the Torrent Frog Genus Amolops

In sharp contrast to birds and mammals, in numerous cold-blooded vertebrates, sex chromosomes have been described as homomorphic. This sex chromosome homomorphy has been suggested to result from the high turnovers often observed across deeply diverged clades. However, little is known about the tempo and mode of sex chromosome evolution among the most closely related species. Here, we examined the evolution of sex chromosome among nine species of the torrent frog genus Amolops. We analyzed male and female GBS and RAD-seq from 182 individuals and performed PCR verification for 176 individuals. We identified signatures of sex chromosomes involving two pairs of chromosomes. We found that sex-chromosome homomorphy results from both turnover and X–Y recombination in the Amolops species, which simultaneously exhibits heterogeneous evolution on homologous and non-homologous sex chromosomes. A low turnover rate of non-homologous sex chromosomes exists in these torrent frogs. The ongoing X–Y recombination in homologous sex chromosomes will act as an indispensable force in preventing sex chromosomes from differentiating.
Deconvolution of images and spectra

Convolution and related concepts, P.A. Jansson distortion of optical spectra, P.A. Jansson traditional linear deconvolution methods, P.A. Jansson modern constrained nonlinear methods, P.A. Jansson convergence of relaxation algorithms, P.C. Crilly instrumental considerations, W.E. Blass and G.W. Halsey deconvolution examples, P.C. Crilly, W.E. Blass and G.W. Halsey application to electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis, P.A. Jansson and R.D. Davies decon-volution in optical microscopy, J.R. Swedlow, J.W. Sedat, and D.A. Agard deconvolution of HST images and spectra, R.J. Hanisch, R.L. White, and R.L. Gilliland maximum likelihood estimates of spectra, B.R. Frieden fourier spectrum continuation, S.J. Howard minimum negativity fourier spectrum continuation, S.J. Howard alternating projection onto convex sets, R.J. Marks, II.
Comparative Analysis of Magnetically Coupled Z-Source Inverters

Z-source inverters are a new class of inverters proposed with output voltage or current buck–boost ability. And also its having limitations as mainly two.one is not flexible to provide continuity to inductor current, and second was there is coupling effect between modulation index and duty ratio. Its effects property of inverter. To minimize these concerns, an motivating methodology is to use magnetically coupled transformers or inductors to raise the gain and modulation ratio simultaneously, with reduced components . in this paper I proposed the magnetically coupled type inverters by developing with help of genetic methodology. By comparing all magnetically coupled topologies the gamma source inverter shows matured characteristics.i. e the proposed topology use lesser turns ratio to produce same level of output. Other than gamma source inverter other topologies need infinite turn’s ratio to produce infinite gains. But proposed topology need 1:1 transformer enough to produce infinite gains.
A Remote Sensing Driven Soil Moisture Estimator: Uncertain Downscaling With Geostatistically Based Use of Ancillary Data

In recent years, remote sensing satellites, including Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP), continuously monitor SM of the earth. However, the spatial resolution of the remotely sensed SM is insufficient for some hydrological applications. In this paper, a data‐driven model is proposed based on a hybrid approach called artificial neural network kriging (ANNK) to capture the interaction between SM and ancillary data (AD), including normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), altitude, slope, Antecedent Moisture Condition, AMC (5‐day cumulative precipitation), and daily air temperature (DAT)/land surface temperature (LST). By co‐regionalization of the estimated SM from the ANNK and SMAP 36‐km product, SM in any part of the study area is estimated more accurately and on a finer resolution (1‐km). Finally, through a linear relationship between in‐situ SM with the up‐to‐date AD including AMC (previous 5‐day cumulative precipitation), LST or DAT, slope, NDVI, and the downscaled satellite SM, the soil moisture estimates are adjusted by also adding an error term. Estimation of the final SM product in terms of the Unbiased Root Mean Square Error of less than 0.04 m3/m3 meets the accuracy requirements of the SMAP SM retrieval. Moreover, the results of SM validation show that the proposed technique has a potential for real‐time SM estimations in developing areas.
Diagnostic and Therapeutic Roles of the “Omics” in Hypoxic–Ischemic Encephalopathy in Neonates

Perinatal asphyxia and neonatal encephalopathy remain major causes of neonatal mortality, despite the improved availability of diagnostic and therapeutic tools, contributing to neurological and intellectual disabilities worldwide. An approach using a combination of clinical data, neuroimaging, and biochemical parameters is the current strategy towards the improved diagnosis and prognosis of the outcome in neonatal hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) using bioengineering methods. Traditional biomarkers are of little use in this multifactorial and variable phenotype-presenting clinical condition. Novel systems of biology-based “omics” approaches (genomics, transcriptome proteomics, and metabolomics) may help to identify biomarkers associated with brain and other tissue injuries, predicting the disease severity in HIE. Biomarker studies using omics technologies will likely be a key feature of future neuroprotective treatment methods and will help to assess the successful treatment and long-term efficacy of the intervention. This article reviews the roles of different omics as biomarkers of HIE and outlines the existing knowledge of our current understanding of the clinical use of different omics molecules as novel neonatal brain injury biomarkers, which may lead to improved interventions related to the diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of HIE.
A Background Segmentation and Feature Point Extraction Method of Human Motion Recognition

In this paper, we propose a novel background segmentation and feature point extraction method of a human motion for the augmented reality game. First, our method transforms input image from RGB color space to HSV color space, then segments a skin colored area using double threshold of H, S value. And it also segments a moving area using the time difference images and then removes the noise of the area using the Hessian affine region detector. The skin colored area with the moving area is segmented as a human motion. Next, the feature points for the human motion are extracted by calculating the center point for each block in the previously obtained image. The experiments on various input images show that our method is capable of correct background segmentation and feature points extraction 12 frames per second.
Technology-Based Grammar Instruction

There are a wide variety of technology-based grammar instruction resources available for educators, and it is important for them to select the best tool for their school district’s and individual students’ needs. It is also important for educators to know whether the technology they have chosen is better than the traditional way of grammar instruction using paper and pencil. This paper studied the free grammar tool Noredink and looked specifically at the concept of active and passive voice. 22 10-grade students were participants, with 11 receiving grammar instruction using traditional methods, and the other 11 receiving grammar instruction using Noredink. The study analyzed both quantitative data using a pre-test, post-test, and Likert scale survey as well as qualitative data using thematic analysis. The findings of the study showed that the students who learned using Noredink performed much better on the post-test and also had more positive feelings about experiencing the instruction through technology. The control group performed much lower on the post-test and experienced many negative feelings about receiving instruction using traditional methods. TECHNOLOGY BASED GRAMMAR INSTRUCTION A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master Arts Education Erin Mary Summerhays University of Northern Iowa
Prevalence of Overhydration in Patients on Maintenance Haemodialysis As Determined by Body Composition Monitor and Effects of Attaining Target Dry Weight

Introduction: Fluid overload in chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an independent risk factor for all-cause mortality. The volume of ultrafiltrate removed during haemodialysis is usually assessed clinically. Assessment of overhydration by body composition monitor (BCM) using bioimpedance spectroscopy is an objective method. This study was conducted to identify the prevalence of overhydration in CKD patients on maintenance haemodialysis and thereby assess the effects of BCM targeted dry weight attainment. Methods: All patients included in the study were assessed for one month before enrolment for blood pressure, intradialytic events during each dialysis and BP medications. Overhydration was defined as the ratio of overhydration to extracellular water (OH/ECW) > 1.1. Overhydrated patients were brought to BCM targeted dry weight by increasing ultrafiltrate to 500mL/week more than their routine intradialytic weight gain. The effect of attaining BCM target dry weight on blood pressure and intradialytic events were analysed. Results: Out of 110 patients, overhydration was seen in 30 (27.2%); only 20 had clinically evident overhydration. Body composition monitor guided dry weight was achieved in 28 of the 30 patients after a mean duration of 20 weeks. After achieving the target dry weight, there was a significant reduction in intradialytic hypertension events (2.37 vs 1.82 events per session, p-value 0.01). Surprisingly, there was a reduction in episodes of intradialytic hypotension as well, though this did not reach statistical significance. There was a clinically significant reduction in mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures (mean of 5.7mmHg and 2.8mmHg, respectively). Conclusion: The study underlines the importance of BCM-based hydration status assessment and target dry weight attainment in better control of intradialytic events and blood pressure in patients on maintenance haemodialysis.
Genesis and Distribution of Low Fluvial Terraces Formed by Holocene Climate Pulses in Brazil

Low fluvial terraces present azonal spatialization, encompassing several geomorphological compartments and climate zones in Brazil. Their genesis is directly related to river dynamics. When influenced by allogenic forces, such as Holocene climate pulses, it results in channel incision and posterior abandonment of the floodplain. Relatively plain landforms at different altimetric levels identified between the current floodplain and hillslope (low river terraces) are a result of these processes. Previous works using Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) in low terraces of several rivers in Brazil have indicated morpho-chronologic similarities between depositional events, raising the hypothesis of feedbacks and fluvial adjustments relatively simultaneous to Holocene climate events. Considering these dynamics, this study employed OSL to obtain absolute dating information for 114 samples taken from distinct levels of the low river terraces of 30 rivers in Brazil, integrating the database of the IG-UNICAMP laboratory of Geomorphology and Environmental Analysis. Based on the data and statistical analysis (cluster and correlation analysis), this study aimed to identify relationships between different variables which might have controlled spatial homogenous and heterogeneous feedbacks during distinct paleoenvironmental contexts. The proposed methodology tested a fundamental hypothesis of the regional climatic geomorphology, and the results obtained may contribute to future discussions on the relationship between low river terraces and anthropic occupation.
On J-conservative scattering system realization in several variables

We prove that an arbitrary function, which is holomorphic on some neighbourhood of z=0 in $\mathbb{C}^N$ and vanishes at z=0, whose values are bounded linear operators mapping one separable Hilbert space into another one, can be represented as the transfer function of some multiparametric discrete time-invariant conservative scattering linear system with a Krein space of its inner states.
The Machete Number

Knot theory is a branch of topology that deals with the structure and properties of links. Employing a variety of tools, including surfaces, graph theory, and polynomials, we develop and explore classical link invariants. From this foundation, we define two novel link invariants, braid height and machete number, and investigate their properties and connection to classical invariants.
Developing a Wine Event Portfolio by Wine Stakeholders at Individual Wineries in Victoria, Australia

This exploratory study identifies the economic benefits for wine regions, but specifically where wine stakeholders invest in their own event portfolio creating fun and social occasions. There is little empirical research about the utility of an event portfolio in regional areas and even less in relation to their application to Victorian wine events making the study innovative in nature. It is the first attempt to represent the viewpoint of wine stakeholders. A qualitative geographical bounded case study approach was applied to explore the rational and benefits of developing a wine event portfolio in two Victorian wine regions from a wine stakeholders' perspective. The findings suggest that while destination marketing organizations were familiar with the term 'event portfolio' the concept was quite new for event organizers at individual wineries. Nonetheless, they were planning for multiple events across the year and aimed to capture a range of benefits by holding more than one annual event. These benefits for wine stakeholders' representing individual wineries are an increase in wine sales, diverse demographics of winery visitors and repeat visitation throughout the calendar year. This is despite the increase in financial risk and time commitments by wine stakeholders' hosting wine events at their winery. The paper concludes by suggesting the future research should focus on other viewpoints and replicating this study in other wine regions highlighting the importance and greater benefits of investing in regional development focusing on wine event tourism.
Dynamics Analysis and Intermittent Energy Feedback Control of m-HR Neuron Model under Electromagnetic Induction

It is of great practical significance to fully reveal the global discharge characteristics of neurons in electromagnetic environment and design effective energy feedback strategy for accurate prediction of neural information. Considering the effect of electromagnetic induction, a four-dimensional modified Hindmarsh–Rose (m-HR) neuron model is established, and its discharge mechanism is revealed by analyzing the existence and stability of equilibrium point of the model. Extensive numerical results confirm that the model has classical period-doubling bifurcation, period-adding bifurcation, and comb-shaped chaotic structure. Importantly, a new intermittent energy feedback controller is designed by improving the traditional energy feedback control strategy, which can effectively modulate the desired discharge modes under the cost-optimal energy consumption. Meanwhile, it should be emphasized that the intermittent control scheme has a wider range of regulation and robustness, which can be applied to other dynamical systems to obtain the desired oscillation modes. This will improve the beneficial discussion for the construction of brain-like intelligent network and efficient regulation.
Review: The evolution of peptidergic signaling in Cnidaria and Placozoa, including a comparison with Bilateria

Bilateria have bilateral symmetry and are subdivided into Deuterostomia (animals like vertebrates) and Protostomia (animals like insects and mollusks). Neuropeptides occur in both Proto- and Deuterostomia and they are frequently structurally related across these two lineages. For example, peptides belonging to the oxytocin/vasopressin family exist in both clades. The same is true for the G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) of these peptides. These observations suggest that these neuropeptides and their GPCRs were already present in the common ancestor of Proto- and Deuterostomia, which lived about 700 million years ago (MYA). Furthermore, neuropeptides and their GPCRs occur in two early-branching phyla that diverged before the emergence of Bilateria: Cnidaria (animals like corals and sea anemones), and Placozoa (small disk-like animals, feeding on algae). The sequences of these neuropeptides and their GPCRs, however, are not closely related to those from Bilateria. In addition, cnidarian neuropeptides and their receptors are not closely related to those from Placozoa. We propose that the divergence times between Cnidaria, Placozoa, and Bilateria might be too long for recognizing sequence identities. Leucine-rich repeats-containing GPCRs (LGRs) are a special class of GPCRs that are characterized by a long N-terminus containing 10-20 leucine-rich domains, which are used for ligand binding. Among the ligands for LGRs are dimeric glycoprotein hormones, and insulin-like peptides, such as relaxin. LGRs have been found not only in Proto- and Deuterostomia, but also in early emerging phyla, such as Cnidaria and Placozoa. Humans have eight LGRs. In our current review, we have revisited the annotations of LGRs from the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis and the placozoan Trichoplax adhaerens. We identified 13 sea anemone LGRs and no less than 46 LGRs from T. adhaerens. All eight human LGRs appear to have orthologues in sea anemones and placozoans. LGRs and their ligands, therefore, have a long evolutionary history, going back to the common ancestor of Cnidaria and Placozoa.
Risk Representation, Perception, and Propensity in an Integrated Human Lane-Change Decision Model

Lane-change decision models with enhanced human-likeness are increasingly important as they are integral in traffic simulations for training autonomous driving algorithms. This work proposes a computational model of driver lane-change decision-making by integrating relevant human features in perception, reasoning, emotion, and decision (PRED). The PRED model describes how drivers make lane-change decisions under collision risk. Here risk is represented by probabilities and outcomes of the possible consequences. The PRED model formulates drivers’ risk perception and risk propensity in its modules: the perception module is modeled with Bayesian inference; the reasoning module is modeled with Newtonian simulation; the emotion and decision module is modeled with the extended regret theory. The PRED model was fitted and tested with an empirical dataset from a naturalistic driving database. The prediction performance of the PRED model ranks higher than the selected benchmarks and is close to the state-of-the-art machine learning models. Moreover, the explicit modeling of risk propensity sheds light on an important question in transportation: what causes human drivers’ risk-taking behaviors? The results support the rationale that downplaying crash consequences is the main contributor.
Path integral derivation of Bloch-Redfield equations for a qubit weakly coupled to a heat bath: Application to nonadiabatic transitions

Quantum information processing has greatly increased interest in the phenomenon of environmentally-induced decoherence. The spin boson model is widely used to study the interaction between a spin-modelling a quantum particle moving in a double well potential-and its environment-modelled by a heat bath of harmonic oscillators. This paper extends a previous analysis of the static spin boson study to the driven spin boson case, with the derivation of an exact integro-differential equation for the time evolution of the propagator of the reduced spin density matrix. This is the first main result. By specializing to weak damping we then obtain the next result, a set of Bloch-Redfield equations for the equilibrium fixed spin initial condition. Finally we show that these equations can be used to solve the classic dissipative Landau-Zener problem and illustrate these solutions for the weak damping case. The effect of dissipation is seen to be minimised as the speed of passage is increased, implying that qubits need to be switched as fast as possible.
Millimeter Wave Image Super Resolution Using Multichannel Depth Convolution Neural Network

|Bene(cid:12)t from the high resolution, penetrating and all-weather advantages of millimeter-wave (MMW) imaging, MMW imaging plays an important role in remote sensing, security inspection, navigation, etc. Among the MMW imaging systems, synthetic aperture imaging radiometer (SAIR) utilizes aperture synthetic technology to achieve higher imaging resolution, but the perception information is insuﬃcient, resulting in poor image quality. To improve the image quality of passive SAIR MMW images eﬀectively, we propose a novel multichannel depth convolutional neural network (MDCNN) in this paper. Aiming at the characteristics of original MMW images with more noise in low-frequency information and fewer features in high-frequency information, wavelet transform is incorporated into the MDCNN to obtain the high-and low-frequency components (cid:12)rst. Then, dense residual block and skip connection technology are adopted to denoise and enhance target information in the four independent channels respectively. Finally, high-quality MMW images are synthesized by inverse wavelet transform. The simulation results show that the reconstructed images of MDCNN have better image quality (such as image contour and texture details) than other deep learning-based methods.