Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Characterization of the Electric Breakdowns in Metal-Insulator-Silicon Capacitor Structures with HfO2/Al2O3 Layers for Non-Volatile Memory Applications

The electric breakdown of memory capacitors with atomic layer deposited HfO<inf>2</inf>/Al<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf> nanolaminated stacks was investigated by voltage ramp method and constant voltage stress. Two types of capacitors – with 2.4 and 3.5 nm tunnel SiO<inf>2</inf> layer were investigated, before and after O<inf>2</inf> annealing. Breakdown voltages ~ - 30 V were obtained independently of the thickness of SiO<inf>2</inf>. The O<inf>2</inf> annealing seems to increase the charge to breakdown due to higher current through the capacitors. The effect is more pronounced for structures with 3.5 nm tunnel layer. The results indicate that the electric breakdown is mainly determined by Al<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf> blocking layer and HfO<inf>2</inf>/Al<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf> nanolaminate. The electric breakdown is accompanied by positive charge build-up and generation of interface states at SiO<inf>2</inf>/Si interface. The latter process is subdued in the annealed samples.
A Compact Hybrid MMC with DC Fault Ride-Through Capability

The 50% submodule utilization of the modular multilevel converters (MMC) results in a large size and weight. This problem becomes more serious when the requirement of DC fault ride-through (FRT) is met, for the half-bridge submodules (HBSMs) need to be substituted by full-bridge submodules (FBSMs) with double IGBTs. This paper proposes a compact topology named hybrid arm-multiplexing MMC (HAM-MMC). By introducing arm selection switches composed of series connected IGBTs, the phase leg of the conventional two-arm structure is divided into upper, middle, and lower arms, respectively configured with HBSMs, FBSMs, and HBSMs. The middle arm can be multiplexed according to modulation demands, thus saving 25% submodules by increasing utilization. The structure and switching principle of arm selection switches are elaborated, and an improved capacitor voltage balancing scheme is presented. The negative level output capability of FBSMs in the middle arm can work in conjunction with the arm selection switches to reduce the DC voltage and ride through DC faults. The simulation results show that the proposed MMC has similar DC FRT ability to traditional hybrid MMC, with a 50% reduction in the number of FBSMs.
Adjustable Dimension Fault Estimation Observer Design of Interconnected Systems

An adjustable dimensional fault estimation observer approach is devised for interconnected systems. First, an adjustable dimensional fault estimation observer is designed by using subsystem interconnection information. Second, the observer gain matrices are calculated based on H-infinity performance and regional pole configurations. Third, the observer order could be chosen in a specific scope to balance computational complexity and accuracy. Finally, two simulations prove the feasibility of the presented method.
Admittance Separation Method for Admittance-Based Bilateral Control

Admittance-based bilateral control is reported to have the same performance as 4ch bilateral control with only force communication. However, admittance-based bilateral control was easy to vibrate when in contact with the hard environment. Previous studies did not assume the contact vibration. Damping injection is one of the effective methods to suppress the vibration, however it generates the extra operational force proportional to velocity. Thus the operability deteriorates. To suppress the contact vibration, this paper proposed admittance separation method. This method used different admittance values for position control and acceleration feedforward. Making a smaller values of admittance for position control is effective in suppressing vibration when in contact with the environment. Moreover, the extra operational force is inertial force, so it is generated only at the beginning of the movement. Thus proposal has advantages in terms of operability. The validity of the proposal was confirmed by simulation of contact with the environment.
Scalable Actor Networks with CAL

Dataflow is a Model of Computation (MoC) that describes applications as networks of actors. The CAL Actor Language (CAL) is one of the programming languages for describing such actors. A downside to CAL is that the actors and their networks are rigidly defined - it is not possible to have a parametric number of ports or actions in an actor. This makes it difficult to define flexible applications or large actors without extra programmer effort.The key contribution of this paper is the addition of constructs to CAL to allow for parametric actor and network creation. These constructs include defining and using arrays and sub-arrays ports, as well as a generate statement for creating multiple similar actions. We give examples of the types of parametric applications that our new constructs enable.We use our work to demonstrate some of the limitations in dataflow tools when applied to non-trivial actors. We focus on the processing effort required to transform an actor into an intermediate representation (IR). We make the case for future research to use parametric actors to test the scaling of dataflow toolchains.CCS CONCEPTS• Theory of computation → Streaming models; • Software and its engineering → Concurrent programming languages.
Robust Control of a Technological Module

It is advisable to use the QFT (Quantitative Feedback Theory) method systematically to control a plant that has uncertain parameters due to nonlinear effects when it operates with various working tool loads. This recommendation is made because the suggested QFT algorithm ensures that the control system remains stable and maintains a consistent state across the entire operational range of the plant. The resulting control algorithm provides constant rotational speed of the working tool when its load changes.
Deferral: on the Feasibility of High-Volume Blockchain-based Referral Systems

Digital marketing has transformed referral marketing, revealing limitations in traditional centralized systems such as trust, transparency, and efficiency, however, the potential advantages of decentralized systems remain underexplored. This paper investigates the feasibility of a high-volume, decentralized referral system. The approach assesses smart contract prototypes for cost-effectiveness and performance in high-user engagement scenarios in different EVM-compatible blockchains and referral strategies, such as multilevel referrals. Findings confirm the technical viability as a blueprint for designing and implementing similar systems, highlighting challenges in real-world deployments, such as Sybil attacks, and the interplay between technical and economical design factors.
Robust Speed Control for Wireless Motor Systems with Maximum Efficiency Point Tracking

In this paper, a robust closed-loop speed control for wireless motor systems is proposed with the consideration of maximum efficiency point tracking (MEPT). Firstly, the optimal load condition for maximum efficiency point tracking of wireless motor systems is derived, a buck converter with an optimal duty cycle is adopted to achieve impedance match of the wireless power transfer system such that maximum efficiency can be guaranteed. Then, an integral fixed-time sliding mode (FTSM) control strategy is designed to achieve robust speed tracking control for wireless motors in the presence of parameter variation and external disturbance. The simulation results illustrated superior tracking performance with 15.90% speed tracking overshoot reduction, 26.90% speed tracking error RMS reduction compared with the conventional PID control. And the efficiency of the WPT systems is well maintained at 85.55% simultaneously.
A Distributed Connectivity Optimization Method for Coverage Control of the Multi-agent System

Coverage control describes the optimal deployment problem of multi-agent system with communication sensors, aiming to drive the multi-agent system reach the optimal deployment location. To accomplish coverage tasks, agents are required to communicate with each other. Thus, the connectivity of multi-agent system is a fundamental requirement in case of agent disconnection and disappearance. In this paper, we propose a distributed coverage control algorithm with connectivity optimization. According to the designed cost function, the controller is divided into two parts: coverage controller and connectivity optimization controller, and the method of gradient descent is used to minimize the cost function to get the controller. Finally, the simulation serves to show the effectiveness of the algorithm.
Series-Connected MMC with capacitor arms and its small Signal Impedance Modeling

Due to the high construction cost of traditional MMC (Modular Multilevel Converter), a more economical MMC with capacitor arms is proposed. The proposed topology is a modified version of the SC-MMC (Series-Connected MMC). Firstly, the operating principle of the proposed MMC is given. The classical control loops are adopted to control the active power and reactive power of the proposed MMC. Then, multi-harmonic linearization method is utilized to establish its small signal AC-side impedance model, including phase locking loop (PLL), inner current controller and outer power controller. A compensation strategy for the impedance modeling is proposed, which reduces the modeling error in low frequency band and improves the whole modeling accuracy. Finally, the analytic model is compared with simulation measurements in Matlab/Simulink, which verifies the effectiveness of the proposed modeling method.
An Edge AI Accelerator Design Based on LRCN Model for Real-time EEG-based Emotion Detection System on the RISC-V FPGA Platform

With the development of neural networks and big data, research on emotion recognition has gradually increased. In many ways of emotion recognition, we proposed using physiological signals such as Electroencephalography(EEG) to achieve high-precision emotion recognition. In this paper, the model we built was based on the concept of Long-term Recurrent Convolutional Networks(LRCN), which is used for emotion recognition of EEG signals. In addition, we achieved better performance in terms of area and speed by introducing and optimizing an AI architecture with high data reuse. Our structure adopt a strategy of high data reusability and can be reprocessed to various size of convolution layer and fully connected layer. The optimized architecture can achieve an peak performance of 128.2 GMACS/W, and uses only 196 KGates (NAND2) with average power consumption 0.039 mW in TSMC 90-nm.
Active-Power Voltage-Support for a Microgrid Under Short-Circuits, Modelled in Complex Valued Domain

The growing number of electric vehicles (EVs) connected to the grid are a promising potential to support the overall system stability, known as vehicle to grid concept. During grid faults these vehicles can be seen as distributed dispatchable sources that can collaborate to the system restoration. In the case of islanded microgrids under a fault, electric vehicles can provide its stored energy in order to imitate the low voltage ride through protocols (LVRT) that are required to distributed generation systems connected to the main grid. The islanded microgrid tested here is composed of grid-forming voltage sources supplying different loads, some of them EVs. The proposal in this work is that, during a voltage sag caused by an overcurrent in the system, EVs must inject active power to support the voltage, instead of supplying reactive power as LVRT require. The theoretical reasoning of this new approach will be supported by a complete system modelling in the complex valued domain. Selected experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the control proposal.
Additive Engineering for High-Performance Inverted Large-Area Perovskite Solar Modules

Commercialization of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) urgently needs to scale up to modules. Therefore, improving the device performance of large-area perovskite solar cell modules (PSMs) is of great significance. Here, we used the 4-Chlorobenzoicacid (4-CBA) as an additive to improve the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and stability of inverted (p-i-n) PSMs. A strong Lewis acid-base interaction between the acetate group $(\mathbf{Ac}^{-})$ of 4-CBA and $\mathbf{Pb}^{2+}$ in perovskite is of great benefit to enlarge the grain size of perovskite and reduce carrier recombination, thereby improving the quality of large-area perovskite films. As a result, the introduction of 4-CBA boosts the PCE from 9.66% to 15.08% for 57.3 $\mathbf{cm}^{2}$ (active area) $\mathbf{NiO}_{\mathrm{x}}$ -based PSMs. More importantly, the PSMs with 4-CBA demonstrate excellent humidity stability, which can retain 95% of their initial efficiency after being kept for 30 days under ambient air conditions. This work provides guidance for the large-scale manufacture of PSCs.
A Preliminary Evaluation of Portrait Drawing Learning Assistant System

Nowadays, portrait drawing has become important in cultivating sentiments of a person. With developments of digital technologies, it becomes possible to use an electronic device such as a tablet or a PC, a digital pen, and a drawing software to create diverse and innovative portraits for portrait drawing. In this context, currently, we are studying a Portrait Drawing Learning Assistant System (PDLAS) to help beginners learn drawing portraits by themselves. PDLAS provides auxiliary lines to help the user draw the face accurately that are generated by the auxiliary line generation algorithm that adopts OpenPose and OpenCV to recognize the facial features and the outlines. In this paper, we conduct a preliminary evaluation using iPad with a drawing software Procreate in order to confirm the validity of our proposal that a novice user can easily and comfortably practice drawing using auxiliary lines in PDLAS. In this evaluation, we asked nine students in Okayama University to draw portraits of the given face photos using the system, and asked them to answer 10 questions as the questionnaire. The SUS score of the answer results show that the system can meet their needs.
Experimental Verification of Underwater 2-ch Bilateral Controller with Disturbance Observer

This paper shows the experimental verification of an underwater bilateral system by using 2-ch control with disturbance observer (DOB). The operability of underwater remote control is important for the efficiency of operation. For operability improvement, the haptic transmission of remote control is one of the key technologies. This paper utilizes the 2-ch bilateral controller for the tactile transmission of the remote control. In underwater manipulation, fluid force, and modeling errors due to additional inertia and buoyancy occur. In the 2-ch bilateral controller, fluid force and these modeling errors influence the performance of the remote control. Therefore, DOB is implemented to compensate for fluid force and these modeling errors. In the simulation, the robustness against the modeling error was evaluated. The operability improvement of underwater remote control was experimentally verified.
DC Fault Current Calculation and Fault Level Analysis in MMC-MVDC System

The broader use of modular multilevel converters (MMCs) in medium-voltage direct current (MVDC) systems combined with the multiple possible network topologies of a multiterminal dc (MTDC) network pose major challenges to fault analysis, short-circuit calculations and, eventually, system reliability. In order to evaluate dc fault levels in MTDC systems with MMCs, this paper derives an expanded RLC equivalent model for representing converters and networks with system characteristic matrices, based on which, state-space analysis can be implemented to facilitate fault current calculations. Analytical calculations and simulation results of MMC and MTDC branch currents across multiple scenarios and different configurations of an MTDC network with five converters identify fault influencing factors and reveal unique characteristics of fault analysis in MVDC systems.
Blockchain Integration in 5G Technologies: SDN and Network Slicing

The deployment of fifth-generation wireless networks shows promising significant advancements in network capacity, system throughput, and high-quality service. Nevertheless, challenges such as transparency, network privacy, and security vulnerabilities remain to be addressed. Blockchain, a distributed ledger system, offers transparency, immutability, and decentralization, making it a compelling solution for addressing these issues in the context of 5G. By combining blockchain and 5G, new opportunities arise for secure and transparent IoT networks, enhanced network security and privacy, as well as decentralized network management and governance. This paper delves into the application of blockchain in 5G, discussing its benefits and challenges. Interestingly, we concentrate on two key prospective applications, namely software defined networking and Network Slicing. We finally discuss the challenges for widespread adoption of blockchain in the context of 5G and provide insights for future research directions.
TIMING AND MOVEMENT OF THE EGIIN DAVAA FAULT, HANGAY MOUNTAINS, MONGOLIA

This study is focused on the Egiin Davaa Fault (EDF), a major range-bounding normal fault in the southeastern part of the Hangay Dome in Central Mongolia. Only three previous studies (Khilko et al., 1985; Baljinnyam et al., 1993 Cunningham, 2001) mention the EDF. Khilko et al. (1985) propose that the last rupture along this fault occurred between 300 and 500 years ago, based on observed steep-walled tension gashes. Fault motion has been described as both right-lateral oblique (Cunningham, 2001) and left-lateral oblique (Baljinnyam et al., 1993).
Surface Texture Reproduction and Amplification for Haptic Perception

This paper explores the possibility of improving human haptic capabilities by amplifying minute surface texture irregularities that are otherwise undetectable to the human touch. The study was carried out with different controllers for surface texture reproduction and amplification aiming for enhanced haptic perception. Firstly, a non-identical master replica system that is capable of simultaneous force-position response amplification was developed. The robust control was realized with the disturbance observer. Three different controllers; a position controller, a force controller, and an acceleration-based scaling bilateral controller were applied. The results confirm that the rearmost controller successfully reproduced amplified haptic feedback of surface texture at the master despite the inherent vibration and noises introduced due to the lateral movement of the surface. The data extracted from the surfaces using the scaling bilateral controller demonstrate unique properties per object that can be applied for object classification.
Distributed Formation Control of Quadrotors Using Model Predictive Contouring Control

This paper studies the problem of formation control for multiple quadrotors based on the model predictive contouring control (MPCC). A novel distributed multi-quadrotor formation control method is proposed which requires the quadrotors communicate the cooperative parameter and position to neighbors. In particular, the additional state in MPCC is selected as the cooperative parameter that is used to keep formation while following the reference path. In addition, an artificial potential field function is constructed to avoid collision. Finally, the simulation experiment is conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Exact Output Regulation for the Receiver-Side Buck Converter of Electric Vehicle Dynamic Wireless Charging System

Dynamic wireless charging (DWC) of electric vehicles (EVs) is a promising technology that can promote the widespread of EVs. However, the output power fluctuation occurs due to the varying mutual inductance between the receiver coil and the transmitter coils caused by the EV motion, which would lead to control performance deterioration and even instability of the system. To mitigate the power fluctuation, this paper proposes a control strategy based on exact output regulation (EOR) theory for the receiver-side buck converter of the DWC system to compensate the disturbance arising from the mutual inductance fluctuation. The mutual inductance fluctuation can be approximated as a sinusoidal signal and the FEA analysis informanation is used to obtain an predefined exosystem that can characterize the dynamics of the mutual inductance fluctuation. A state feedback controller combined with a state observer is designed to achieve a constant output voltage of the DWC system by compensating for such disturbance. The simulation results verify the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed control strategy as compared with the traditional control methods.
Towards Non-Invasive Diagnosis System for Middle-Ear Dysfunctions Based on Principles of Impulse Response Measurement

Sweep frequency impedance (SFI) meter can be used to diagnose the middle-ear dysfunctions. However, the performance of the previous SFI meter has easily been degraded by noise inside the ear canal. This paper proposed a method for stably measuring middle-ear dynamic characteristics with applying the principles of impulse response measurement. Noise robustness for the proposed method was evaluated using a 2-cc cavity, showing that the proposed method had almost the same performance even under -6-dB signal-to-noise ratio condition compared to that under clean condition. Additionally, the SFI measurement was conducted for human ears with normal middle-ear conditions and with ossicular-chain dysfunctions, showing that our improved SFI meter successfully monitor the middle-ear dynamic characteristics with more robustness of noise.
Four-Switch Common-Grounded Single-Phase Buck-Boost Non-Isolated PV Inverter

As the conventional non-isolated photovoltaic inverters all have low voltage gain and the leakage current issues, a transformerless common-grounded inverter with a relatively higher boosting ability is introduced. The suggested inverter comprises of a conventional boost converter and a buck inverter and is suitable for photovoltaic applications. The proposed inverter provides a solid connection in the negative port between the DC input power and the output load, thus eliminating the leakage current in the photovoltaic systems. Also, the introduced inverter has a higher input-to-output voltage ratio than other converters named semi-quasi-z-source and half-z-source converters. Employing the CBB capacitors increases the reliability of the suggested inverter and prolongs its service life. The working principle of the suggested inverter is elaborated in detail. The control strategy applied is ordinary and the proposed inverter is a single-level topology during the switching period. Finally, the simulation model is built in Matlab/Simulink platform, so the performance of inverter can be verified.
Recreation Use at Diamond Lake, Oregon: Perceptions of Users? Recreation Experience between 2001 and 2003

The purpose of the study was to examine recreationists’ perceptions about their trip experience at Diamond Lake, Oregon, and to ascertain if user perceptions had changed over a 2-year period (2001-2003). Diamond Lake is a large natural lake, located in the Cascade Mountain range of central Oregon, less than 20 miles from Crater Lake. The introduction of a non-native fish species has resulted in a biological change in the lake that has reduced water quality and changed the use patterns at the lake. Diamond Lake users are generally satisfied with their recreation experience, but some differences were noted between the summer 2001 and summer 2003 recreation seasons. Although several of the quality domains and satisfaction items were significantly different between the 2001 users and the 2003 users, overall quality remained the same.