Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
VLSI DESIGN OF EFFICIENT ENCODING TECHNIQUE USING ROLS METHOD FOR WAVE APPLICATIONS

The automotive industry is emerging aggressively towards the direction of advanced active safety. The automotive industry is aiming to work for the development of Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) technology, for the purpose in vehicle-tovehicle and vehicle-to-roadside communication. To transmit the vehicular information and broadcast vehicle position, DSRC communication technology is adopt as bridge. This work is devoted to develop the encoding techniques for WAVE/DSRC applications. The DSRC standards generally make use of FM0 and Manchester encoding to achieve dc balance and enhancing signal reliability. Nevertheless, the diversity of coding between FM0 and Manchester codes limits the ability to design a fully utilize hardware architecture for both. The Reuse oriented logic simplification (ROLS) technique is proposed here so that the Hardware utilization rate (HUR) will reach to 100% from 57% for both encoding techniques. The proposed architecture will have less delay, area as compared to existing architecture. In this paper the architecture analyzed to reduce the number of components. Using both encodings the area, delay, and power is reduced in DSRC. The power consumption is 22132.181nW for both encoding, and area is 193µm 2 . The encoding technique in this work supports the DSRC standards used by several organizations of America,
Trajectory Planning in Unknown 2D Workspaces: A Smooth, Reactive, Harmonics-based Approach

A novel reactive method for robot trajectory planning within unknown 2D workspaces is presented in this paper. The trajectories provided by this method stem from an underlying potential field and are provably safe, with asymptotic convergence to the desired position. Given an initially unknown workspace, and a sensing process for obtaining boundary information, the scope of this work is to provide an underlying vector field that can be used as a reference signal for higher order, non-linear dynamical systems (robots). This can be achieved by tracking, either the field itself, or the trajectories that result from the latter. In this spirit, our method is advantageous due to: a) its reactivity, as open-loop approaches may exhibit large errors during the transient phase within unknown workspaces, whereas our method provides a velocity profile for each position of the robot within the workspace, b) its smoothness, and c) its safety and convergence guarantees. We prove the asserted claims and provide rigorous comparative simulations in various benchmark workspaces, red as well as in a high-fidelity ROS-Gazebo implementation.
Robust speaker recognition

The automatic speaker recognition technologies have developed into more and more important modern technologies required by many speech-aided applications. The main challenge for automatic speaker recognition is to deal with the variability of the environments and channels from where the speech was obtained. In previous work, good results have been achieved for clean high-quality speech with matched training and test acoustic conditions, such as high accuracy of speaker identification and verification using clean wideband speech and Gaussian Mixture Models (GMM). However, under mismatched conditions and noisy environments, often expected in real-world conditions, the performance of GMM-based systems degrades significantly, far away from the satisfactory level. Therefore, robustness becomes a crucial research issue in speaker recognition field. In this thesis, our main focus is to-improve the robustness of speaker recognition systems on far-field distant microphones. We investigate approaches to improve robustness from two directions. First, we investigate approaches to improve robustness for traditional speaker recognition system which is based on low-level spectral information. We introduce a new reverberation compensation approach which, along with feature warping in the feature processing procedure, improves the system performance significantly. We propose four multiple channel combination approaches, which utilize information from multiple far-field microphones, to improve robustness under mismatched training-testing conditions. Secondly, we investigate approaches to use high-level speaker information to improve robustness. We propose new techniques to model speaker pronunciation idiosyncrasy from two dimensions: the cross-stream dimension and the time dimension. Such high-level information is expected to be robust under different mismatched conditions. We also built systems that support robust speaker recognition. We implemented a speaker segmentation and clustering system aiming at improving the robustness of speaker recognition as well as automatic speech recognition performance in the multiple-speaker scenarios such as telephony conversations and meetings. We also integrate speaker identification modality with face recognition modality to build a robust person identification system.
Arterial spin labeling signal ratio between the lesion and contralateral sides for evaluation of acute middle cerebral artery infarct

Abstract The purpose of our study was to differentiate arterial transit artifact from post-recanalization luxury perfusion on arterial spin labeling (ASL) image, and obtain the relationship between ASL signal intensity and clinical outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Thirty-five subjects with an acute middle cerebral artery (MCA) infarct were enrolled (18 with recanalized and 17 with non-recanalized MCAs). ASL images were obtained using pseudo-continuous ASL technique with 1600 ms (millisecond) of post-label delay within 3 days from symptom onset. Signal intensities on color ASL images were classified as high, intermediate, and poor grade visually. The ratio of maximum ASL signal between the ischemic area and contralateral side was calculated and compared between patients with and without MCA recanalization. Among patients with non-recanalized MCA, ASL signal ratios were compared between patients with and without hyperintense vessel sign on fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR). Also, correlation between the ASL signal ratio and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score was evaluated. High or intermediate grade on color ASL images were more frequently found in patients with recanalized MCA (P < .01). Patients with non-recanalized MCA had higher ASL signal ratio in overall ASL signal grade (P = .010) and intermediate grade (P = .011). Among patients with non-recanalized MCA, those with hyperintense vessel sign on FLAIR had higher ASL signal ratios (P = .049). ASL signal ratio was negatively correlated with both initial (P = .023) and final (P = .003) NIHSS scores. The ASL signal ratio could help to differentiate between the pial collaterals and post-recanalization luxury perfusion. A higher ASL ratio was related with the hyperintense vessel sign on FLAIR and lower NIHSS score.
The Thyristor based Hybrid Multiterminal HVDC System

In the multiterminal high voltage dc current (MTDC) transmission system, the line commutated converter (LCC) MTDC was capable of achieving high power rating with low cost and low losses. By far, there were two types of LCC MTDC studied in the world, i.e. parallel MTDC and series MTDC. Both of these two types had respective pros and cons in terms of economic and technique. In the paper, a new kind of thyristor based hybrid MTDC system was presented, which consists of both parallel and series LCC converter stations. The structures and application scenarios were explained. The New control strategies were proposed for the hybrid MTDC system, and the control methods were illustrated. The system operation characteristics were analyzed under different situations. Finally, a simulation model was established to verify the hybrid MTDC system and the proposed control method.
A Review on the Resistance and Accumulation of Heavy Metals by Different Microbial Strains

Heavy metals accumulated the earth crust and causes extreme pollution. Accumulation of rich concentrations of heavy metals in environments can cause various human diseases which risks health and high ecological issues. Mercury, arsenic, lead, silver, cadmium, chromium, etc. are some heavy metals harmful to organisms at even very low concentration. Heavy metal pollution is increasing day by day due to industrialization, urbanization, mining, volcanic eruptions, weathering of rocks, etc. Different microbial strains have developed very efficient and unique mechanisms for tolerating heavy metals in polluted sites with eco-friendly techniques. Heavy metals are group of metals with density more than 5 g/cm3. Microorganisms are generally present in contaminated sites of heavy metals and they develop new strategies which are metabolism dependent or independent to tackle with the adverse effects of heavy metals. Bacteria, Algae, Fungi, Cyanobacteria uses in bioremediation technique and acts a biosorbent. Removal of heavy metal from contaminated sites using microbial strains is cheaper alternative. Mostly species involved in bioremediation include Enterobacter and Pseudomonas species and some of bacillus species too in bacteria. Aspergillus and Penicillin species used in heavy metal resistance in fungi. Various species of the brown algae and Cyanobacteria shows resistance in algae.
Ethnic Pharmacogenomic Differences in the Management of Asian Patients with Metastatic Prostate Cancer

Simple Summary With the recognition that ethnicity may influence prognosis and outcomes, there are ongoing controversies over how best to treat patients with prostate cancer. This review discusses recent evidence for the impacts of Asian ethnicity on metastatic prostate cancer treatment. Abstract Progression to metastatic disease occurs in about half of all men who develop prostate cancer (PC), one of the most common cancers in men worldwide. Androgen deprivation therapy has been the mainstay therapy for patients with metastatic PC (mPC) since the 1940s. In the last decade, there has been unprecedented advancement in systemic therapies, e.g., taxane, androgen-signalling pathway inhibitors, and biomarker-driven targeted therapies for various stages of disease, resulting in overall survival improvement. Adding to ongoing controversies over how best to treat these patients is the recognition that ethnicity may influence prognosis and outcomes. This review discusses recent evidence for the impacts of Asian ethnicity specifically, which includes environmental, sociocultural, and genetic factors, on the approach to pharmacological management of mPC. Clear inter-ethnic differences in drug tolerability, serious adverse events (AEs), and genetic heterogeneity must all be considered when dosing and scheduling for treatment, as well as designing future precision studies in PC.
In Vitro Antitumor Activity of Endophytic and Rhizosphere Gram-Positive Bacteria from Ibervillea sonorae (S. Watson) Greene against L5178Y-R Lymphoma Cells

Plant-associated microorganisms represent a potential source of new antitumor compounds. The aim of the present study was to isolate endophytic and rhizosphere Gram-positive bacteria from Ibervillea sonorae and produce extracts with antitumor activity. Methanol and ethyl acetate extracts were obtained from 28 d bacterial fermentation, after which murine L5178Y-R lymphoma cells growth inhibition was evaluated at concentrations ranging from 15.62 µg/mL to 500 µg/mL by the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide reduction colorimetric assay. IC50 and the selectivity index (SI) were calculated and compared with healthy control human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Identification of the isolated strains was performed using the 16S ribosomal gene and by MALDI-TOF MS mass spectrometry. The endophytic and rhizosphere bacterial extracts from strains ISE-B22, ISE-B26, ISE-B27, ISS-A01, ISS-A06, and ISS-A16 showed significant (p < 0.05) L5178Y-R cell growth inhibition, compared with an untreated control. The rhizosphere Micromonospora echinospora isolate ISS-A16 showed the highest (90.48%) percentage of lymphoma cells growth inhibition and SI (19.1) for PBMC, whereas the Bacillus subtilis ISE-B26 isolate caused significant (p < 0.01) growth inhibition (84.32%) and a SI of 5.2. Taken together, results of the present study evidenced antitumor effects by I. sonorae endophytic and rhizosphere bacteria culture extracts. Further research will involve the elucidation of the compounds that exert the antitumor activity and their evaluation in pre-clinical studies.
OCTN1: A Widely Studied but Still Enigmatic Organic Cation Transporter Linked to Human Pathology and Drug Interactions

The Novel Organic Cation Transporter, OCTN1, is the first member of the OCTN subfamily; it belongs to the wider Solute Carrier family SLC22, which counts many members including cation and anion organic transporters. The tertiary structure has not been resolved for any cation organic transporter. The functional role of OCNT1 is still not well assessed despite the many functional studies so far conducted. The lack of a definitive identification of OCTN1 function can be attributed to the different experimental systems and methodologies adopted for studying each of the proposed ligands. Apart from the contradictory data, the international scientific community agrees on a role of OCTN1 in protecting cells and tissues from oxidative and/or inflammatory damage. Moreover, the involvement of this transporter in drug interactions and delivery has been well clarified, even though the exact profile of the transported/interacting molecules is still somehow confusing. Therefore, OCTN1 continues to be a hot topic in terms of its functional role and structure. This review focuses on the most recent advances on OCTN1 in terms of functional aspects, physiological roles, substrate specificity, drug interactions, tissue expression, and relationships with pathology.
Research of inputting inductor'parameter choisefor MW-class doubly-fed wind generator's rotor exciting convertor

Aim to the MW-class doubly-fed wind generator's rotor exciting convertor, the paper gives the equivalent circuit of the dual PWM ac/dc/ac convertor, and then applies Fourier analysis to the model of the equivalent circuit, obtains the continuous high-frequency math's model. Based on it, the paper presents the range of the convertor's inductor when the current's harmonic coefficient is limited. The simulation's result is given to prove the correctness of the conclusion.
LRRK2 R1441C mutation causing Parkinson's Disease in an Egyptian family.

The most common cause of familial Parkinson’s Disease (PD) involves mutations in the gene encoding leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2). The LRRK2 R1441C variant is the second most common, and has been implicated as a cause of PD [1]. A literature review revealed that this variant has been seen in kindreds originating from Europe and America, and more rarely from Asia and Africa [1]. It has never been reported in Egypt. We here present the first Egyptian family with inherited PD due to R1441C mutation in LRRK2, as seen in Figure 1. Genetic testing confirmed that the proband was a carrier of the LRRK2 R1441C gene mutation. He was unaware of the medical history of his grandparents. The proband was a 57-year-old male patient who came to our clinic for a second opinion regarding a diagnosis of PD. His symptomatic disease onset was at 49 years and he presented with left leg dragging, soon followed by a reduced mobility of his left hand. He was clinically diagnosed with PD at age 52. At age 57, he showed typical akinetic-rigid PD manifesting as bradykinesia and rigidity which were more pronounced on the left side. He exhibited hypomimia, hypophonia, a decreased rate of blinking, a reduced arm swing while walking, shuffling gait, and gait freezing. However, he had no resting tremor, extraocular impairment, dyskinesias, or cognitive deficits. On the pull test, he was able to recover on his own. The patient required minimal assistance in daily living activities and exhibited risky behaviour, excessive daytime sleepiness, nightmares and depression. He had an excellent response to carbidopa/ levodopa therapy, and his depression was well controlled with escitalopram. Head magnetic resonance imaging studies done at ages 55 and 56 showed no brain abnormalities. Past medical history included gastric bypass surgery at age 54. The clinical features of sporadic PD and inherited PD from LRRK2 R1441C mutation are similar, and this was the case with our patient as he showed typical akinetic rigid type parkinsonian motor symptoms and depression. The proband
Maximum power point tracking methods for photovoltaic systems operating under partially shaded or rapidly variable insolation conditions: a review paper

Abstract To increase the efficiency of photovoltaic (PV) systems, maximum power point (MPP) tracking of the solar arrays is needed. Under partially shaded conditions (PSCs), the solar arrays power–current (P–I) characteristic has multiple MPP. This paper presents various methods and approaches of tracking the MPP from a PV generator operating under PSC. Some comparisons, advantages, drawbacks and critical analysis of each method are discussed. It was found that, indirect methods use empirical data or mathematical expressions of numerical approximations to estimate the MPP from the PV generator’s voltage, current and irradiance. Direct methods offer the advantage of obtaining the actual maximum power from the PV generator’s voltage and current. Artificial intelligence methods do not need exact mathematical models. They can perform under parameter variation, load and supply voltage disturbances. Finally, novel methods require less number of iterations to converge, independent to the initial conditions. All these algorithms can be included in some of the DC/DC converters and MPP trackers for stand-alone or grid-connected systems.
Chronic Heart Failure: Clinical Implications of Iron Homeostasis Disturbances Revisited

Iron deficiency is prevalent in chronic heart failure (CHF) patients. Nonetheless, the diagnosis is often overlooked and, often, the treatment is commenced just when overt anemia has ensued. Therefore, a better appreciation of this disease is needed, and all seasoned cardiologists should know how to approach CHF patients with iron deficiency correctly, as mandated by clinical practice guidelines. In this comprehensive review, we describe iron homeostasis, the pathophysiologic changes of iron homeostasis, and the clinical implications of iron deficiency on CHF patients. In addition, we delineate the evolution of clinical trials, ranging from the inception to the ongoing clinical trials of iron deficiency treatment in CHF patients. Iron deficiency contributes to the worse clinical outcome of the patients. Numerous studies have reported the clinical benefit of iron supplementation, particularly in intravenous preparation, in heart failure patients regarding symptoms, functional capacity, and quality of life (QoL) improvement. Therefore, the current guidelines recommend routine screening of iron status in all newly diagnosed heart failure patients. Eventually, intravenous iron replacement is recommended for symptomatic heart failure patients with iron deficiency, irrespective of anemia.
Poorer White Matter Microstructure Predicts Slower and More Variable Reaction Time Performance: Evidence for a Neural Noise Hypothesis in a Large Lifespan Cohort

Most prior research has focused on characterizing averages in cognition, brain characteristics, or behavior, and attempting to predict differences in these averages among individuals. However, this overwhelming focus on mean levels may leave us with an incomplete picture of what drives individual differences in behavioral phenotypes by ignoring the variability of behavior around an individual's mean. In particular, enhanced white matter (WM) structural microstructure has been hypothesized to support consistent behavioral performance by decreasing Gaussian noise in signal transfer. Conversely, lower indices of WM microstructure are associated with greater within-subject variance in the ability to deploy performance-related resources, especially in clinical populations. We tested a mechanistic account of the “neural noise” hypothesis in a large adult lifespan cohort (Cambridge Centre for Ageing and Neuroscience) with over 2500 adults (ages 18-102; 1508 female; 1173 male; 2681 behavioral sessions; 708 MRI scans) using WM fractional anisotropy to predict mean levels and variability in reaction time performance on a simple behavioral task using a dynamic structural equation model. By modeling robust and reliable individual differences in within-person variability, we found support for a neural noise hypothesis (Kail, 1997), with lower fractional anisotropy predicted individual differences in separable components of behavioral performance estimated using dynamic structural equation model, including slower mean responses and increased variability. These effects remained when including age, suggesting consistent effects of WM microstructure across the adult lifespan unique from concurrent effects of aging. Crucially, we show that variability can be reliably separated from mean performance using advanced modeling tools, enabling tests of distinct hypotheses for each component of performance. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Human cognitive performance is defined not just by the long-run average, but trial-to-trial variability around that average. However, investigations of cognitive abilities and changes during aging have largely ignored this variability component of behavior. We provide evidence that white matter (WM) microstructure predicts individual differences in mean performance and variability in a sample spanning the adult lifespan (18-102). Unlike prior studies of cognitive performance and variability, we modeled variability directly and distinct from mean performance using a dynamic structural equation model, which allows us to decouple variability from mean performance and other complex features of performance (e.g., autoregression). The effects of WM were robust above the effect of age, highlighting the role of WM in promoting fast and consistent performance.
Wnt Pathway Extracellular Components and Their Essential Roles in Bone Homeostasis

The Wnt pathway is involved in several processes essential for bone development and homeostasis. For proper functioning, the Wnt pathway is tightly regulated by numerous extracellular elements that act by both activating and inhibiting the pathway at different moments. This review aims to describe, summarize and update the findings regarding the extracellular modulators of the Wnt pathway, including co-receptors, ligands and inhibitors, in relation to bone homeostasis, with an emphasis on the animal models generated, the diseases associated with each gene and the bone processes in which each member is involved. The precise knowledge of all these elements will help us to identify possible targets that can be used as a therapeutic target for the treatment of bone diseases such as osteoporosis.