Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
From Constitutional Adjudication to Trade Arbitration Enforcing Mobility Rights Post-Brexit

This article addresses the termination of the CJEU’s jurisdiction post-Brexit and its replacement with a much more restricted dispute resolution provision, more reminiscent of that found in free trade agreements, focusing in particular on the enforcement of mobility rights. It begins by addressing the root causes for Britain’s antagonism towards the Court. It argues that the Court’s expansive interpretation of the Treaties, masked by a legalist approach to European integration, has allowed the Court largely to avoid scrutiny by most Member States. Nevertheless, the Court’s judicial activism was ultimately rejected by the UK leading to the Court’s curia non grata status post-Brexit. It then analyses the key features of the post-Brexit dispute settlement system proposed by the UK and the EU . We argue that while the Court has been criticized for its judicial activism, EU law did provide significant avenues for an individual’s access to courts. This fundamental feature is missing from the dispute resolution mechanism under the proposed UK-EU free trade agreement (FTA), leaving an important gap in the system of justice in the future UK-EU relationship.We argue that under the new dispute settlement regime mobility rights will be adjudicated as trade disputes. This has serious implications for the protection of rights of individuals wishing to exercise any future mobility rights. Court of Justice, free trade agreement, integration, free movement of person, mobility, dispute resolution
Turvallisuus lapsen arjessa

Tassa artikkelissa tarkastellaan lapsen turvallisuutta yksi1011isend ja kokemuksellisena kysymyksend seka osana heidan kasvuymparistodan. Tassa lapsi-kasitteeseen sisaltyvat myes nuoret. Lapsen hyvinvointia on mielenkiintoista tarkastella juuri koettuna turvallisuutena, jonka merkitys on todettu useissa lapsen kehitysta koskevissa teorioissa. Esimerkiksi kiintymyssuhteita tutkinut John Bowlby (1988) kirjoittaa turvallisuusperustasta, joka luo pohjan lapselle lahestya kodin ulkopuolista maailmaa ja sen ihmissuhteita. Turvallisuuden tarkastelu osana lapsen kasvuymparistoa on varsin haasteellinen tehtava monestakin syysta. Artikkelissamme kasitellaan joitakin turvallisuuteen sisaltyvia jannitteita ja turvallisuuden paradoksaalista luonnetta. Tavoitteena on hahmottaa seka turvallisuutta mandollistavia etta ehkaisevia elementteja lapsen kasvuymparistossa.
Neuroprotective activities of acai berries (Euterpe sp.): A review

Dietary interventions rich in fruits and vegetables in aging people can reverse or mitigate age-related cognitive declines, delay the onset of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), and provide long-term health dividends. The novel food, popularly known as "Acai", is a berry belonging to the Euterpe genus of tropical palms trees and natively found in South America. Euterpe oleracea has been given much attention among scientists due to its high antioxidant capacity compared to other fruits and berries. Additionally, acai pulp composition analysis found that it contains various biologically active phytochemicals. In this review, we focused on current evidence relating to acai berry neuroprotection mechanisms and its efficacy in preventing or reversing neurodegeneration and age-related cognitive decline. A number of studies have illustrated the potential neuroprotective properties of acai berries. They have shown that their chemical extracts have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and maintain proteins, calcium homeostasis, and mitochondrial function. Moreover, acai berry extract offers other neuromodulatory mechanisms, including anticonvulsant, antidepressant, and anti-aging properties. This neuromodulation gives valuable insights into the acai pulp and its considerable pharmacological potential on critical brain areas involved in memory and cognition. The isolated chemical matrix of acai berries could be a new substitute in research for NDD medicine development. However, due to the limited number of investigations, there is a need for further efforts to establish studies that enable progressing to clinical trials to consequently prove and ratify the therapeutic potential of this berry for several incurable NDDs.
Hydrophilic and Positively Charged Polyvinylidene Fluoride Membranes for Water Treatment with Excellent Anti-Oil and Anti-Biocontamination Properties

Membrane fouling limits the rapid development of membrane separations. In this study, a blend membrane containing polycationic liquid (P(BVImBr1-co-PEGMA1)) is presented that can improve the antifouling performance of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes. By mixing the polycationic liquid into PVDF, an improved membrane-surface hydrophilicity and enlarged membrane porosity were detected. The water contact angle decreased from 82° to 67°, the porosity enlarged from 7.22% to 89.74%, and the pure water flux improved from 0 to 631.68 L m−2 h−1. The blend membrane surfaces were found to be always positively charged at pH 3~10. By applying the membranes to the filtration of oil/water emulsion and bovine serum albumin (BSA) solution, they showed a very high rejection rate to pollutants in wastewater (99.4% to oil droplets and 85.6% to BSA). The positive membrane surface charge and the increased membrane hydrophilicity resulted in excellent antifouling performance, with the flux recovery rates of the dynamic filtration tests reaching 97.3% and 95.5%, respectively. Moreover, the blend membranes demonstrated very low BSA adhesion and could even kill S. aureus, showing excellent antifouling properties.
Striving for Inclusion of Diverse Employees: How Important is the Context?

Organisations are making efforts to enhance diversity and become inclusive, yet there is little agreement on what leads an organisation to become inclusive. This article explores how organisations become inclusive through certain policies, practices, and behaviours. We conducted this study on a multinational subsidiary based in Pakistan with its parent company headquartered in Europe. Single case study methodology was used along with semi-structured interviews to gather in-depth data. Our findings suggest that inclusive organisations and inclusion can be considered relative concepts based on the context. An effort to find standardised policies, practices and behaviours to create inclusive organisations may not be possible. Organisations may be considered inclusive in the context that they operate in. The study strongly demonstrates the need to further refine the concept of inclusive organisations especially in light of societal context. The study serves as a valuable point of discussion in understanding how local operating context is balanced with international transfer of human resource (HR) practices. Our study contributes to diversity and inclusion literature through discussing behavioural and procedural elements that contribute towards building an inclusive workplace in a non-western context.
Communicative efficiency and the Principle of No Synonymy: predictability effects and the variation of want to and wanna

There is ample psycholinguistic evidence that speakers behave efficiently, using shorter and less effortful constructions when the meaning is more predictable, and longer and more effortful ones when it is less predictable. However, the Principle of No Synonymy requires that all formally distinct variants should also be functionally different. The question is how much two related constructions should overlap semantically and pragmatically in order to be used for the purposes of efficient communication. The case study focuses on want to + Infinitive and its reduced variant with wanna, which have different stylistic and sociolinguistic connotations. Bayesian mixed-effects regression modelling based on the spoken part of the British National Corpus reveals a very limited effect of efficiency: predictability increases the chances of the reduced variant only in fast speech. We conclude that efficient use of more and less effortful variants is restricted when two variants are associated with different registers or styles. This paper also pursues a methodological goal regarding missing values in speech corpora. We impute missing data based on the existing values. A comparison of regression models with and without imputed values reveals similar tendencies. This means that imputation is useful for dealing with missing values in corpora.
Development of a conceptual success factors model for construction projects: a case of Lithuania

This paper aims to develop a conceptual critical success factors model for construction projects in Lithuania. The concept of success of construction projects and literature review of critical success factors is discussed in the first part. Conceptual model adapted to Lithuania is developed and its elements are described in the second part. Grouped decision-making matrix for the multiple criteria analysis of critical success factors of construction projects is presented at the end of paper. © 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the Vilnius Gediminas Technical University.
A Summary of Fault Recurrence and Strain Rates in the Vicinity of the Hanford Site--Topical Report

This document is one in a series of topical reports compiled by the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory to summarize technical information on selected topics important to the performance of a probabilistic seismic hazard analysis of the Hanford Site. The purpose of this report is to summarize available data and analyses relevant to fault recurrence and strain rates within the Yakima Fold Belt. Strain rates have met with contention in the expert community and may have a significant potential for impact on the seismic hazard estimate at the Hanford Site. This report identifies the alternative conceptual models relevant to this technical issue and the arguments and data that support those models. It provides a brief description of the technical issue and principal uncertainties; a general overview on the nature of the technical issue, along with alternative conceptual models, supporting arguments and information, and uncertainties; and finally, suggests some prospective approaches to reducing uncertainties about earthquake recurrence rates for the Yakima Fold Belt.
Logic Synthesis Optimization Sequence Tuning Using RL-Based LSTM and Graph Isomorphism Network

As a key step in the IC design flow, logic synthesis involves various logic optimization algorithms to be iteratively applied to the circuit. However, how these algorithms are used is usually determined by heuristics, and it does not always yield well optimizations on all circuits. To achieve well optimized results, engineers need to tune the sequence consisting of these logic optimization algorithms based on their knowledge. To overcome this limitation, in this brief, reinforcement learning (RL) proximal policy optimization (PPO) is proposed to train an agent to tune the optimization sequence. Specifically, graph isomorphic network with edge feature aggregation capability (GINE) is used to learn circuit representations and use circuit representations as state representations for the reinforcement learning agent. Furthermore, to enable the agent learning from historical operations, the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) is further embedded in reinforcement learning. The evaluation of the EPFL arithmetic benchmark shows that our model improves the area optimization under the delay constraint by 21.21% over existing methods.
Head and Trunk Kinematics during Activities of Daily Living with and without Mechanical Restriction of Cervical Motion

Alterations in head and trunk kinematics during activities of daily living can be difficult to recognize and quantify with visual observation. Incorporating wearable sensors allows for accurate and measurable assessment of movement. The aim of this study was to determine the ability of wearable sensors and data processing algorithms to discern motion restrictions during activities of daily living. Accelerometer data was collected with wearable sensors from 10 healthy adults (age 39.5 ± 12.47) as they performed daily living simulated tasks: coin pick up (pitch plane task), don/doff jacket (yaw plane task), self-paced community ambulation task [CAT] (pitch and yaw plane task) without and with a rigid cervical collar. Paired t-tests were used to discern differences between non-restricted (no collared) performance and restricted (collared) performance of tasks. Significant differences in head rotational velocity (jacket p = 0.03, CAT-pitch p < 0.001, CAT-yaw p < 0.001), head rotational amplitude (coin p = 0.03, CAT-pitch p < 0.001, CAT-yaw p < 0.001), trunk rotational amplitude (jacket p = 0.01, CAT-yaw p = 0.005), and head–trunk coupling (jacket p = 0.007, CAT-yaw p = 0.003) were captured by wearable sensors between the two conditions. Alterations in turning movement were detected at the head and trunk during daily living tasks. These results support the ecological validity of using wearable sensors to quantify movement alterations during real-world scenarios.
Nonfinancial value creation of integrated reporting

Purpose This paper aims to explore the nonfinancial drivers of value creation that influence an investment decision and present a set of drivers that contribute with a useful integrated reporting to its providers of financial capital using evidence from Brazil. Design/methodology/approach This paper is based on a systematic literature review in the Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases in the period from 2005 to 2020. Interpretive content analysis is used in 42 documents identified to explore nonfinancial drivers to demand by providers of financial capital, which are classified according to the capitals nonfinancial suggested by the integrated report (IR). Then, the results are evaluated by Brazilian professional investors in a focus group. Findings The members of the focus group do not consider the IR relevant to investment decision and neither the information about natural capital nor social capital. They highlighted two nonfinancial drivers of value not identified in the previous literature. Research limitations/implications The focus group is limited by subjects’ availability and by the participants’ number. But its results represent initial discussions on the subject in the Brazilian context. Practical implications The results of this study have value, principally, to investors, target audience of IR, because it aligns your demands with the IRs content, improving its usefulness. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this manuscript is the first study to investigate the perception of Brazilian professional investors about the importance of the IR in investment decision-making and to identify content relevant to the financial capital provider’s investment decision, which can improve the usefulness of IR.
Bifurcate responses of tidal range to sea‐level rise in estuaries with marsh evolution

The response of tidal range in tidal marshes under sea‐level rise (SLR) is essential to the marsh resilience, but how tidal ranges respond to different marsh evolutions remains unclear. Here, we show the existence of bifurcate responses of tidal range to SLR using both numerical model and theoretical analyses. The tidal range tends to increase if marsh accretion keeps pace with SLR; otherwise, the tidal range tends to decrease. As tidal range plays the key role in marsh evolution, the interactions between changing tidal range and marsh evolution lead to positive feedback on marsh resilience. If the marsh accretion can keep up with the SLR, the increase in the tidal range can enhance marsh resilience to SLR. If the marsh cannot keep up, the decrease in the tidal range may further threaten the marsh resilience or even lead to marsh retreat.
The Stiffness Characteristics Study on an Interconnected Anti-rolling Suspension System

The heavy-duty special vehicles easily roll during steering, anti-rolling technology becomes a critical technology to the heavy-duty vehicles. Aiming at the rolling problem of a full load heavy vehicle in the process of steering, an interconnected anti-rolling suspension system with adjustable damping was designed, the nonlinear stiffness mathematical model of interconnected anti-rolling suspension system was established. The stiffness characteristic was studied through digital simulation method, discussing the system parameter changes' affection on the stiffness performance of interconnected anti-rolling suspension system. The study results indicate that the interconnected anti-rolling suspension system betterly improves vehicles rolling resistance in contrast to the oil-gas mixed independent suspension, the study results provide theoretical basis for the anti-rolling's design of heavy-duty vehicles.
Clinicopathological evaluation of Moyamoya disease. Case report and review of literature

Moyamoya disease is a rare affliction, which progressively affects cerebral arteries, more frequently those in the circle of Willis and the internal carotid arteries. This condition has a genetic component, but the cause of the disease is unknown. It usually affects children but can affect adults as well, representing a health issue due to its mortality. Not in a few cases, Moyamoya disease has been difficult to recognize as a cause of ischemic or hemorrhagic strokes. In this article, we present the case of a young patient, with a medical history of cerebral hemorrhage, which was diagnosed with Moyamoya disease after clinical and cerebral angiographic corroboration in a specialized vascular center. The patient entered the Emergency Receiving Unit with a sudden comatose state. Paraclinical tests revealed massive intraparenchymal hemorrhage, with movement in the medial line and ventricular flooding.
Semi-supervised Discriminative Projective Dictionary Pair Learning and Its Application to Industrial Process

Industrial process data have the characteristics of less label, multimode, high dimension, containing noise, and mixing with outliers, which increase the difficulty of mode identification and anomaly detection in process monitoring using limited labeled data. In this article, to address the effect of these adverse factors, a semi-supervised discriminative projective dictionary pair learning (SSDP-DPL) is proposed for industrial process monitoring. First, a semi-supervised dictionary pair learning framework with a class estimation regularization term is developed to address the problem of lacking labeled data. Based on unlabeled data and their reconstruction errors, the class estimation regularization term is designed to obtain a discriminative extended synthetical dictionary, mining the hidden discriminative information in unlabeled data and reducing the impact of incorrect class estimation. Second, a sparse constraint is added to the analytical dictionary to enhance the robustness of projective dictionary pair. Then, a class discriminative function term is designed to improve the discrimination of dictionary pair, which ensures the intraclass compactness and interclass separation of coding space. Finally, the synthetical dictionary, the analytical dictionary, and the control threshold are obtained by iterating the dictionary pair to a process monitoring model for anomaly detection and mode identification. The effectiveness of the proposed process monitoring method is verified by the continuous stirred tank heater process and Tennessee Eastman benchmark tests. The proposed method is then applied to a real-world aluminum electrolysis industrial process. Experimental results demonstrate the superiority of our SSDP-DPL in contrast to other existing methods.
Mechanical and Moisture Barrier Properties of Epoxy–Nanoclay and Hybrid Epoxy–Nanoclay Glass Fibre Composites: A Review

Epoxy clay nanocomposites have been proven to have improved mechanical, thermal and physical properties over pristine matrix. Thus, the fields of application of epoxy–clay nanocomposites along with their hybrid glass/carbon fibre reinforced composites have grown tremendously during the last few decades. The present review paper covers the research work performed on epoxy clay nanocomposites. It includes the influence of the processing techniques and parameters on the morphology of the nanocomposite, the methods of characterization and the effects of adding nanoclay on the mechanical and physical properties of composite. The improvements in the liquid barrier properties brought about by the addition of nanoclay platelets to epoxy resin are discussed. The variation of physical and mechanical properties with nanoclay type and content are reviewed along with the effects of moisture uptake on these properties. The advances in the development, characterization and applications of hybrid glass fibre reinforced epoxy–clay nanocomposites are discussed. Findings of the research work on the influence of nanoclay addition and exposure to water laden atmospheres on the behaviour of the hybrid glass fibre epoxy–nanoclay composites are presented. Finally, the potential health and environmental issues related to nanomaterials and their hybrid composites are reviewed.
Sequential Convex Programming Methods for Real-Time Optimal Trajectory Planning in Autonomous Vehicle Racing

Optimization problems for trajectory planning in autonomous vehicle racing are characterized by their nonlinearity and nonconvexity. Instead of solving these optimization problems, usually a convex approximation is solved instead to achieve a high update rate. We present a real-time-capable model predictive control (MPC) trajectory planner based on a nonlinear single-track vehicle model and Pacejka’s magic tire formula for autonomous vehicle racing. After formulating the general nonconvex trajectory optimization problem, we form a convex approximation using sequential convex programming (SCP). The state of the art convexifies track constraints using sequential linearization (SL), which is a method of relaxing the constraints. Solutions to the relaxed optimization problem are not guaranteed to be feasible in the nonconvex optimization problem. We propose sequential convex restriction (SCR) as a method to convexify track constraints. SCR guarantees that resulting solutions are feasible in the nonconvex optimization problem. We show recursive feasibility of solutions to the restricted optimization problem. The MPC is evaluated on a scaled version of the Hockenheimring racing track in simulation. The results show that MPC using SCR yields faster lap times than MPC using SL, while still being real-time capable.
Squalene-Based Nano-Assemblies Improve the Pro-Autophagic Activity of Trehalose

The disaccharide trehalose is a well-established autophagy inducer, but its therapeutic application is severely hampered by its low potency and poor pharmacokinetic profile. Thus, we targeted the rational design and synthesis of trehalose-based small molecules and nano objects to overcome such issues. Among several rationally designed trehalose-centered putative autophagy inducers, we coupled trehalose via suitable spacers with known self-assembly inducer squalene to yield two nanolipid-trehalose conjugates. Squalene is known for its propensity, once linked to a bioactive compound, to assemble in aqueous media in controlled conditions, internalizing its payload and forming nanoassemblies with better pharmacokinetics. We assembled squalene conjugates to produce the corresponding nanoassemblies, characterized by a hydrodynamic diameter of 188 and 184 nm and a high stability in aqueous media as demonstrated by the measured Z-potential. Moreover, the nanoassemblies were characterized for their toxicity and capability to induce autophagy in vitro.