Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A New High-Sensitivity Differential X-Axis FM Accelerometer

SummaryIn this work, we propose an innovative high-performance Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) z-axis Frequency Modulation (FM) accelerometer able to achieve a sensitivity higher than 1000 Hz/g around a carrier value of 180 kHz, with a 1120x608 µm2 footprint only. The new device exploits the mechanical stiffness modulation induced on two in-plane flexural resonators by the torsional deformation of the two proof mass suspension springs to differentially measure an external z-axis acceleration. This concept, enabled by the Thelma-Double process by STMicroelectronics, is successfully demonstrated through preliminary experimental tests.
Nonlinear system identification using neural state space models, applicable to robust control design

Prediction error learning algorithms for neural state space models are developed, both for the deterministic case and the stochastic case with measurement and process noise. For the stochastic case, a predictor with direct parametrization of the Kalman gain by a neural net architecture is proposed. Expressions for the gradients are derived by applying Narendra's sensitivity model approach. Finally a linear fractional transformation representation is given for neural state space models, which makes it possible to use these models, obtained from input/output measurements on a plant, in a standard robust performance control scheme.
Naringin’s Prooxidant Effect on Tumor Cells: Copper’s Role and Therapeutic Implications

Plant-derived polyphenolic chemicals are important components of human nutrition and have been found to have chemotherapeutic effects against a variety of cancers. Several studies in animal models have proven polyphenols’ potential to promote apoptosis and tumor regression. However, the method by which polyphenols show their anticancer effects on malignant cells is not well understood. It is generally known that cellular copper rises within malignant cells and in the serum of cancer patients. In this communication, investigations reveal that naringin (a polyphenol found in citrus fruits) can strongly suppress cell proliferation and trigger apoptosis in various cancer cell lines in the presence of copper ions. The cuprous chelator neocuproine, which confirms copper-mediated DNA damage, prevents such cell death to a large extent. The studies further show that the cellular copper transporters CTR1 and ATP7A have a role in the survival dynamics of malignant cells after naringin exposure. The findings emphasize the crucial function of copper dynamics and mobilization in cancer cells and pave the path for a better understanding of polyphenols as nutraceutical supplements for cancer prevention and treatment.
A comparative study of amplitude calibrations for the East Asia VLBI Network: A priori and template spectrum methods

We present the results of comparative study of amplitude calibrations for East-Asia VLBI Network (EAVN) at 22 and 43 GHz using two different methods of an "a-priori" and a "template spectrum", particularly on lower declination sources. Using observational data sets of early EAVN observations, we investigated the elevation-dependence of the gain values at seven stations of the KaVA (KVN and VERA Array) and three additional telescopes in Japan (Takahagi 32m, Yamaguchi 32m and Nobeyama 45m). By comparing the independently obtained gain values based on these two methods, we found that the gain values from each method were consistent within 10% at elevations higher than 10 degree. We also found that the total flux densities of two images produced from the different amplitude calibrations were in agreement within 10% at both 22 and 43 GHz. By using the template spectrum method, furthermore, the additional radio telescopes can participate in the KaVA (i.e. EAVN) so that it can give a notable sensitivity increase. Therefore, our results will constrain the detailed conditions to reliably measure the VLBI amplitude using EAVN and give a potential to extend possible telescopes comprising EAVN.
The colored-noise driven Kuramoto model in the unified colored noise approximation

Many natural and social phenomena are characterized by synchronization. The Kuramoto model, taking into account the basic ingredients for observing synchronized states, allows to study mathematically synchronization in a simplified but nontrivial picture. Here we study how a noise that is correlated on a finite time-scale $\tau$ impacts on the ability of the Kuramoto model to achieve synchronization. We develop an approximated theory that allows to compute the critical coupling constant $k_c$ as a function of the correlation time $\tau$. We obtain that that $k_c(\tau)$ decreases as $\tau$ increases indicating that colored noise promotes synchronization. Moreover we show that theory describes qualitatively well the degree of synchronization near $k_c$ obtained numerically. Finally we show that, independently on the value of $\tau$, the curves of the order parameter versus $k$ scale on the same master curve even at values of $k$ very far from $k_c$.
An Approach for the Fast Calculation Method of Pareto Solutions of a Two-objective Network

The shortest path problem is a kind of optimization problem and its aim is to find the shortest path connecting two specific nodes in a network, where each edge has its distance. When considering not only the distances between the nodes but also some other information, the problem is formulated as a multi-objective shortest path problem that involves multiple conflicting objective functions. The multi-objective shortest path problem is a kind of optimization problem of multi-objective network. In the general cases, multi-objectives are rarely optimized by a solution. So, to solve the multi-objective shortest path problem leads to obtaining Pareto solutions. An algorithm for this problem has been proposed by using the extended Dijkstra's algorithm. However, this algorithm for obtaining Pareto solutions has many useless searches for paths. In this study, we consider two-objective shortest path problem and propose efficient algorithms for obtaining the Pareto solutions. Our proposed algorithm can reduce more search space than existing algorithms, by solving a single-objective shortest path problem. The results of the numerical experiments suggest that our proposed algorithms reduce the computing time and the memory size for obtaining the Pareto solutions.
Generalized Inversion of Modified Matrices

For an $m \times n$ complex matrix A and two columns, c and d, representations for the Moore–Penrose inverse of the matrix $A + cd^ * $ are given for all possible cases. Moreover, each representation involves only A, $A^\dag $, c, d, and their conjugate transposes.
Maximizing loop squareness by minimizing gradients in the microstructure

Enhanced energy product and higher operating fields can be achieved by improving the squareness of the demagnetization loop. In isotropic materials, increasing loop squareness can be achieved by minimizing microstructural gradients and maximizing homogeneity. Achieving homogeneity by melt spinning can be difficult due to localized changes in cooling conditions from extrinsic factors such as gas entrapment between the melt and the chill surface and intrinsic effects resulting from the stochastic nature of nucleation on a surface. These localized variations are reduced by altering the solidification kinetics of the alloy, thus reducing its sensitivity to localized changes in cooling conditions. This was achieved through development of a nine-element modified Nd–Fe–B alloy which solidified with a uniform glass structure at much lower cooling rates. After crystallization, enhanced microstructural homogeneity was verified by electron microscopy and described by parameters based on the loop shape. The nine-elem.
Community Support and Transition of Research to Operations for the Hurricane Weather Research and Forecasting Model

AbstractThe Hurricane Weather Research and Forecasting Model (HWRF) is an operational model used to provide numerical guidance in support of tropical cyclone forecasting at the National Hurricane Center. HWRF is a complex multicomponent system, consisting of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) atmospheric model coupled to the Princeton Ocean Model for Tropical Cyclones (POM-TC), a sophisticated initialization package including a data assimilation system and a set of postprocessing and vortex tracking tools. HWRF’s development is centralized at the Environmental Modeling Center of NOAA’s National Weather Service, but it incorporates contributions from a variety of scientists spread out over several governmental laboratories and academic institutions. This distributed development scenario poses significant challenges: a large number of scientists need to learn how to use the model, operational and research codes need to stay synchronized to avoid divergence, and promising new capabilities need to be .
On the geometry of a class of N-qubit entanglement monotones

A family of N-qubit entanglement monotones invariant under stochastic local operations and classical communication (SLOCC) is defined. This class of entanglement monotones includes the well-known examples of the concurrence, the 3-tangle and some of the four-, five- and N-qubit SLOCC invariants introduced recently. The construction of these invariants is based on bipartite partitions of the Hilbert space in the form with L = 2N−n ≥ l = 2n. Such partitions can be given a nice geometrical interpretation in terms of Grassmannians Gr(L, l) of l-planes in CL that can be realized as the zero locus of quadratic polynomials in the complex projective space of suitable dimension via the Plucker embedding. The invariants are neatly expressed in terms of the Plucker coordinates of the Grassmannians.
TECHNIQUES FOR DIRECTIONAL DATA

Abstract : Statistical data in the form of directions may be recorded as two- or three-dimensional unit vectors from an origin O to points P on the circumference of a circle or the surface of a sphere. In recent years techniques have been developed to deal with such data, when the vectors are directed, i.e., have a preferred sense. This paper shows how the techniques may be adopted for use with axial data, i.e., vectors with no preferred sense, and also for bimodal directed data. Several practical illustrations are given.
Off-diagonal geometric phase in composite systems

The effect of the intersubsystem coupling on the off-diagonal geometric phase in a composite system is investigated. We analyze the case where the system undergoes an adiabatic evolution. Two coupled qubits driven by time-dependent external magnetic fields are presented as an example; the off-diagonal geometric phase as well as the adiabatic condition are examined and discussed.
THE INCIDENCE OF AP STARS

Counts of the brighter field stars are used to derive the color-index frequency distribution of the Ap stars. It is shown that approximately ten percent of all the main sequence stars in the interval 0φ19^(Β V) ^ -|-0ip20 are peculiar. The ratio of the number of Ap stars to the number of normal stars is a maximum in the interval 0.09 ^ (B V) 0.00 and declines outside this range. The combined color-index frequency distributions of the Ap and Am stars are compatible with the hypothesis that the Ap and Am stars are that fraction of the field stars which have true rotational velocities less than about 90 km /sec.
Measurement of the b quark fragmentation function in Z0 decays

We present preliminary results of a new measurement of the inclusive b quark fragmentation function in Z0 decays using a novel kinematic B hadron energy reconstruction technique. We measure the B energy with good efficiency and resolution over the full kinematic range. We compare the scaled energy distribution of weakly decaying B hadrons with the predictions of several models of b quark fragmentation, and also test several hypothesized functional forms. We exclude many of these models and functional forms, and we present a corrected distribution with a small and well defined model dependence. The mean scaled energy is measured to be xB = 0.710 ± 0.003 (stat) ± 0.005 (syst) ± 0.004 (model) (preliminary).
Observed photodetachment in parallel electric and magnetic fields

We investigate photodetachment from negative ions in a homogeneous 1.0-T magnetic field and a parallel ac electric field of {approx}10 V/cm. A theoretical model for detachment in combined fields is presented. Calculations show that a field of 10 V/cm or more should considerably diminish the Landau structure in the detachment cross section. The ions are produced and stored in a Penning ion trap and illuminated by a single-mode dye laser. We present preliminary results for detachment from S{sup -} showing qualitative agreement with the model. Future directions of the work are also discussed.
Controversies in Diagnostic Imaging of Patients with Suspected Stable Ischemic Heart Disease or Low Risk Chest Pain Syndromes

Controversies in Diagnostic Imaging of Patients with Suspected Stable Ischemic Heart Disease or Low Risk Chest Pain Syndromes Leslee J. Shaw, PhD ; Ron Blankstein, MD; David L. Brown, MD; Sanket S. Dhruva, MD, MHS; Pamela S. Douglas, MD ; Tessa S.S. Genders, MD, PhD ; Raymond J. Gibbons, MD ; John P. Greenwood, MD ; Raymond Kwong, MD; Jonathon Leipsic, MD ; John J. Mahmarian, MD; David Maron, MD; Eike Nagel, MD; Ed Nicol, MD; Koen Nieman, MD, PhD; Patricia A. Pellikka, MD; Rita F. Redberg, MD, MSc ; Jonathan Weir-McCall, MD; Michelle Williams, MD; Y. Chandrasekhar, MD 16
A closer look at the “characteristic” width of molecular cloud filaments

Filaments in Herschel molecular cloud images are found to exhibit a "characteristic width". This finding is in tension with spatial power spectra of the data, which show no indication of this characteristic scale. We demonstrate that this discrepancy is a result of the methodology adopted for measuring filament widths. First, we perform the previously used analysis technique on artificial scale-free data, and obtain a peaked width distribution of filament-like structures. Next, we repeat the analysis on three Herschel maps and reproduce the narrow distribution of widths found in previous studies $-$ when considering the average width of each filament. However, the distribution of widths measured at all points along a filament spine is broader than the distribution of mean filament widths, indicating that the narrow spread (interpreted as a "characteristic" width) results from averaging. Furthermore, the width is found to vary significantly from one end of a filament to the other. Therefore, the previously identified peak at 0.1 pc cannot be understood as representing the typical width of filaments. We find an alternative explanation by modelling the observed width distribution as a truncated power-law distribution, sampled with uncertainties. The position of the peak is connected to the lower truncation scale and is likely set by the choice of parameters used in measuring filament widths. We conclude that a "characteristic" width of filaments is not supported by the available data.
Robust Kalman-Filter-Based Frequency-Shaping Optimal Active Vibration Control of Uncertain Flexible Mechanical Systems with Nonlinear Actuators

In this paper, we present a time-domain control methodology, called the robust Kalman-filter-based frequency-shaping optimal feedback (KFBFSOF) control method. Using this method, we treat the active vibration control (or active vibration suppression) problem of flexible mechanical systems under simultaneously high-frequency unmodeled dynamics, residual modes, linear time-varying parameter perturbations in both the controlled and residual parts, noises (input noise and measurement noise), noise uncertainties and actuator nonlinearities. Two robust stability conditions are proposed for the flexible mechanical system, which is controlled by a KFBFSOF controller and subject to mode truncation, noise uncertainties, actuator nonlinearities and linear structured time-varying parameter perturbations simultaneously. The advantage of the presented KFBFSOF control methodology is that it can make the controlled closed-loop system have both good robustness at high frequencies and good performance at low frequencies. Besides, the proposed robust stability criteria guarantee that the designed KFBFSOF controller can make the controlled flexible mechanical system avoid the possibilities of instability induced by both spillover and time-varying parameter perturbations. Two examples are given to illustrate the application of the presented control methodology to the active vibration control problems of a simply-supported flexible beam and of a flexible rotor system.
Gravity Waves, Compensating Subsidence and Detrainment around Cumulus Clouds

Abstract Gravity waves play an important role in the redistribution of heat and moisture in a deep convecting cloud field. We explore this role in a two-dimensional numerical experiment on a simple moist convecting system consisting of an isolated long-lasting nonprecipitating cloud in a calm atmosphere with no surface forcing. The cloud develops a horizontally averaged density variation with height which is neutrally buoyant with respect to a moist adiabatic. The buoyancy difference between the cloud and the undisturbed sounding produces circulations that can be understood as spreading gravity waves which adjust the environmental buoyancy to be equal to the cloud buoyancy by compensating subsidence. Unlike the circulations inside clouds, this adjustment takes place without turbulent mixing. Hence, the “buoyancy adjustment time” T1 during which the environment comes into rough buoyant equilibrium with the clouds is much shorter than the “mixing time” T2 which it takes a tracer, initially concentrated at s.
Iterative reconstruction algorithm for reduction of echo background in optoacoustic images

Recently, the influence of acoustic inhomogeneities on optoacoustic images has gained wide attention in biomedical optoacoustics. Resolution and accuracy of optoacoustic images was found to be improved when a model taking inhomogeneous speed of sound into account was included into the reconstruction algorithm. However, scattering of optoacoustic transients on inhomogeneities of the acoustic impedance was not yet paid much attention to. We show that the same inhomogeneities which are responsible for the contrast in echo ultrasound imaging reduce the contrast in optoacoustic imaging. Absorption of light below the tissue surface results in optoacoustic transients which propagate into the tissue and get backscattered from acoustic inhomogeneities. The echoes interfere with the direct optoacoustic signals and lead to a strong background if the optoacoustic image alone is reconstructed. We show that simultaneous reconstruction of an optoacoustic and an echo image allows to reduce the echo background in the optoacoustic image. For this purpose, we iteratively apply optoacoustic and echo ultrasound Fourier algorithms, together with a special regularization technique. Simulations and experimental results show the validity of the algorithm, and demonstrate the impact of this new method.
Two-parameter extensions of the \kappa-Poincar\'{e} quantum deformation

We consider the extensions of classical r-matrix for \kappa-deformed Poincar\'{e} algebra which satisfy modified Yang-Baxter equation. Two examples introducing additional deformation parameter (dimensionfull \frac{1}{\widetilde{\kappa}} or dimensionless \xi) are presented. We describe the corresponding quantization (two-parameter \kappa-Poincar\'{e} quantum Hopf algebras) in explicite form as obtained by twisting of standard \kappa-deformed framework. In the second example quantum twist function depends on nonclassical generators, with \kappa-deformed coproduct. Finally we mention also the ``soft'' twists with carrier in fourmomenta sector.
Sectoral r modes and periodic radial velocity variations of Sun-like stars

Context. Radial velocity (RV) measurements are used to search for planets orbiting late-type main-sequence stars and to confirm the transiting planets. Aims. The most advanced spectrometers are now approaching a precision of ~10 cm s−1, which implies the need to identify and correct for all possible sources of RV oscillations intrinsic to the star down to this level and possibly beyond. The recent discovery of global-scale equatorial Rossby waves in the Sun, also called r modes, prompted us to investigate their possible signature in stellar RV measurements. These r modes are toroidal modes of oscillation whose restoring force is the Coriolis force; they propagate in the retrograde direction in a frame that co-rotates with the star. The solar r modes with azimuthal orders 3 ≤ m ≲ 15 were identified unambiguously because of their dispersion relation and their long e-folding lifetimes of hundreds of days. Methods. In this paper, we simulate the RV oscillations produced by sectoral r modes with 2 ≤ m ≤ 5 by assuming a stellar rotation period of 25.54 days and a maximum amplitude of the surface velocity of each mode of 2 m s−1. This amplitude is representative of the solar measurements except for the m = 2 mode, which has not yet been observed on the Sun. Results. Sectoral r modes with azimuthal orders m = 2 and 3 would produce RV oscillations with amplitudes of 76.4 and 19.6 cm s−1 and periods of 19.16 and 10.22 days, respectively, for a star with an inclination of the rotation axis to the line of sight i = 60°. Therefore, they may produce rather sharp peaks in the Fourier spectrum of the radial velocity time series that could lead to spurious planetary detections. Conclusions. Sectoral r modes may represent a source of confusion in the case of slowly rotating inactive stars that are preferential targets for RV planet search. The main limitation of the present investigation is the lack of observational constraints on the amplitude of the m = 2 mode on the Sun.
Transport coefficients of leptons in superconducting neutron star cores

I consider the thermal conductivity and shear viscosity of leptons (electrons and muons) in the nucleon NS cores where protons are in the superconducting state. I restrict the consideration to the case of not too high temperatures $T\lesssim 0. 35T_{\mathrm{c}p}$, where $T_{\mathrm{c}p}$ is the critical temperature of the proton pairing. In this case, lepton collisions with protons can be neglected. Charged lepton collision frequencies are mainly determined by the transverse plasmon exchange and are mediated by the character of the transverse plasma screening. In our previous works [Shternin \& Yakovlev, Phys. Rev. D {\bf 75} 103004 (2007); {\bf 78} 063006 (2008)] the superconducting proton contribution to the transverse screening was considered in the Pippard limit $\Delta \ll \hbar q v_{\mathrm{F}p}$, where $\Delta$ is the proton pairing gap, $v_{\mathrm{F}p}$ is the proton Fermi velocity, and $\hbar q$ is the typical transferred momentum in collisions. However, for large critical temperatures (large $\Delta$) and relatively small densities (small $q$) the Pippard limit may become invalid. In the present study I show that this is indeed the case and that the older calculations severely underestimated the screening in a certain range of the parameters appropriate to the neutron star cores. As a consequence, the kinetic coefficients at $T\ll T_{\mathrm{c}p}$ are found to be smaller than in previous calculations.