Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Data Subjects' Perspectives on Emotion Artificial Intelligence Use in the Workplace: A Relational Ethics Lens

The workplace has experienced extensive digital transformation, in part due to artificial intelligence's commercial availability. Though still an emerging technology, emotional artificial intelligence (EAI) is increasingly incorporated into enterprise systems to augment and automate organizational decisions and to monitor and manage workers. EAI use is often celebrated for its potential to improve workers' wellbeing and performance as well as address organizational problems such as bias and safety. Workers subject to EAI in the workplace are data subjects whose data make EAI possible and who are most impacted by it. However, we lack empirical knowledge about data subjects' perspectives on EAI, including in the workplace. To this end, using a relational ethics lens, we qualitatively analyzed 395 U.S. adults' open-ended survey (partly representative) responses regarding the perceived benefits and risks they associate with being subjected to EAI in the workplace. While participants acknowledged potential benefits of being subject to EAI (e.g., employers using EAI to aid their wellbeing, enhance their work environment, reduce bias), a myriad of potential risks overshadowed perceptions of potential benefits. Participants expressed concerns regarding the potential for EAI use to harm their wellbeing, work environment and employment status, and create and amplify bias and stigma against them, especially the most marginalized (e.g., along dimensions of race, gender, mental health status, disability). Distrustful of EAI and its potential risks, participants anticipated conforming to (e.g., partaking in emotional labor) or refusing (e.g., quitting a job) EAI implementation in practice. We argue that EAI may magnify, rather than alleviate, existing challenges data subjects face in the workplace and suggest that some EAI-inflicted harms would persist even if concerns of EAI's accuracy and bias are addressed.
Anisotropic Subcutaneous Response During Fingertip Normal and Tangential Loadings

The subcutaneous mechanical response of the fingertip is highly anisotropic due to the presence of a network of collagen fibers linking the outer skin layer to the bone. Yet, the impact of this anisotropy on the fingerpad deformation had not been studied until now. This issue is here tackled using a two-dimensional finite element model of a transverse section of the finger. Different hypotheses about the orientation of the fibers are considered: radial (physiologic), circumferential, and random (isotropic behavior). The three variants of the model are assessed using experimental observations of a finger leaning on a flat surface. Predictions relying on the physiological orientation of fibers align best with reality. Moreover, the orientation of fibers plays a crucial role in determining the distribution of internal strain and stress. These factors, combined with the abrupt shift in contact pressure during the transition from sticking to slipping, represent important sensory cues for partial slip detection. This is valuable information for the development of haptic devices.
An Exploratory Multi-Session Study of Learning High-Dimensional Body-Machine Interfacing for Assistive Robot Control

Individuals who suffer from severe paralysis often lose the capacity to perform fundamental body movements and everyday activities. Empowering these individuals with the ability to operate robotic arms, in high-dimensions, helps to maximize both functional utility and human agency. However, high-dimensional robot teleoperation currently lacks accessibility due to the challenge in capturing high-dimensional control signals from the human, especially in the face of motor impairments. Body-machine interfacing is a viable option that offers the necessary high-dimensional motion capture, and it moreover is noninvasive, affordable, and promotes movement and motor recovery. Nevertheless, to what extent body-machine interfacing is able to scale to high-dimensional robot control, and whether it is feasible for humans to learn, remains an open question. In this exploratory multi-session study, we demonstrate the feasibility of human learning to operate a body-machine interface to control a complex, assistive robotic arm in reaching and Activities of Daily Living tasks. Our results suggest the manner of control space mapping, from interface to robot, to play a critical role in the evolution of human learning.
Recruitment of PI4KIIIβ to the Golgi by ACBD3 is dependent on an upstream pathway of a SNARE complex and golgins

ACBD3 is a protein localised to the Golgi apparatus and recruits other proteins, such as PI4KIIIβ, to the Golgi. However, the mechanism through which ACBD3 itself is recruited to the Golgi is poorly understood. This study demonstrates there are two mechanisms for ACBD3 recruitment to the Golgi. First, we identified that an MWT374-376 motif in the unique region upstream of the GOLD domain in ACBD3 is essential for Golgi localisation. Second, we use unbiased proteomics to demonstrate that ACBD3 interacts with SCFD1, a Sec1/Munc-18 (SM) protein, and a SNARE protein, SEC22B. CRISPR-KO of SCFD1 causes ACBD3 to become cytosolic. We also found that ACBD3 is redundantly recruited to the Golgi apparatus by two golgins: golgin-45 and giantin, which bind to ACBD3 through interaction with the MWT374-376 motif. Taken together, our results demonstrate that ACBD3 is recruited to the Golgi in a two-step sequential process, with the SCFD1-mediated interaction occurring upstream of the interaction with the golgins.
Wiser With Age? Understanding Aging Brains

Have you ever wondered if someone who is 72 uses their brain any differently than someone who is 27? What are the changes to the ways that our brains look and work as we grow older? What tasks get easier because of these changes, and which get harder? If you wonder about any of these things, keep reading—because these are the questions we will answer!
Understanding the sugar beet holobiont for sustainable agriculture

The importance of crop-associated microbiomes for the health and field performance of plants has been demonstrated in the last decades. Sugar beet is the most important source of sucrose in temperate climates, and—as a root crop—yield heavily depends on genetics as well as on the soil and rhizosphere microbiomes. Bacteria, fungi, and archaea are found in all organs and life stages of the plant, and research on sugar beet microbiomes contributed to our understanding of the plant microbiome in general, especially of microbiome-based control strategies against phytopathogens. Attempts to make sugar beet cultivation more sustainable are increasing, raising the interest in biocontrol of plant pathogens and pests, biofertilization and –stimulation as well as microbiome-assisted breeding. This review first summarizes already achieved results on sugar beet-associated microbiomes and their unique traits, correlating to their physical, chemical, and biological peculiarities. Temporal and spatial microbiome dynamics during sugar beet ontogenesis are discussed, emphasizing the rhizosphere formation and highlighting knowledge gaps. Secondly, potential or already tested biocontrol agents and application strategies are discussed, providing an overview of how microbiome-based sugar beet farming could be performed in the future. Thus, this review is intended as a reference and baseline for further sugar beet-microbiome research, aiming to promote investigations in rhizosphere modulation-based biocontrol options.
Systematic review of the association between adverse life events and the onset and relapse of postpartum psychosis

Postpartum psychosis is defined as a psychotic episode occurring within 4 to 6 weeks of childbirth. While there is robust evidence that adverse life events are associated with the onset and relapse of psychosis outside the postpartum period, the extent to which these contribute to postpartum psychosis is less clear. This systematic review examined whether adverse life events are associated with an increased likelihood of developing postpartum psychosis or subsequent relapse in women diagnosed with postpartum psychosis. The following databases were searched from inception to June 2021: MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycInfo. Study level data were extracted including setting, number of participants, type of adverse event, and differences between groups. A modified version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessments Scale was used to assess risk of bias. In total, 1933 records were identified, of which 17 met the inclusion criteria, comprising nine case–control studies and eight cohort studies. Most studies (16/17) examined the association between adverse life events and the onset of postpartum psychosis, with only in which the outcome was relapse of psychosis. Overall, there were 63 different measures of adversity examined (most of which were examined in a single study only) and 87 associations between these measures and postpartum psychosis tested across the studies. In terms of statistically significant associations with onset/relapse of postpartum psychosis, 15 (17%) were positive (i.e., the adverse event increased the risk of onset/relapse), 4 (5%) were negative, and 68 (78%) were not statistically significant. Our review highlights the diversity of risk factors examined in this field, with few attempts at replication, hence limiting the ability to conclude that any single risk factor is robustly associated with the onset of postpartum psychosis. Further large-scale studies, that attempt to replicate earlier studies, are urgently needed to determine whether adverse life events play a role in the onset and exacerbation of postpartum psychosis. Systematic review registration [https://www.crd. york.ac. uk/prospero/display_record. php? RecordID=260592], identifier [CRD42021260592].
P3/P3N-PIPO of PVY interacting with BI-1 inhibits the degradation of NIb by ATG6 to facilitate virus replication in N. benthamiana

Introduction Autophagy not only plays an antiviral role but also can be utilized by viruses to facilitate virus infection. However, the underlying mechanism of potato virus Y (PVY) infection against plant autophagy remains unclear. BI-1, localizing to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), is a multifunctional protein and may affect the virus infection. Methods In this study, Y2H, BiFC, qRT-PCR, RNA-Seq, WB and so on were used for research. Results P3 and P3N-PIPO of PVY can interact with the Bax inhibitor 1 (BI-1) of N. benthamiana. However, BI-1 knockout mutant showed better growth and development ability. In addition, when the BI-1 gene was knocked out or knocked down in N. benthamiana, the PVY-infected mutant showed milder symptoms and lower virus accumulation. Analysis of transcriptome data showed that the deletion of NbBI-1 weakened the gene expression regulation induced by PVY infection and NbBI-1 may reduce the mRNA level of NbATG6 by regulated IRE1-dependent decay (RIDD) in PVY-infected N. benthamiana. The expression level of the ATG6 gene of PVY-infected WT was significantly down-regulated, relative to the PVY-infected mutant. Further results showed that ATG6 of N. benthamiana can degrade NIb, the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of PVY. NbATG6 has a higher mRNA level in PVY-infected BI-1 knockout mutants than in PVY-infected WT. Conclussion The interaction of P3 and/or P3N-PIPO of PVY with BI-1 decrease the expression of the ATG6 gene might be mediated by RIDD, which inhibits the degradation of viral NIb and enhances viral replication.
Arousal system stimulation and anesthetic state alter visuoparietal connectivity

Cortical information processing is under the precise control of the ascending arousal system (AAS). Anesthesia suppresses cortical arousal that can be mitigated by exogenous stimulation of the AAS. The question remains to what extent cortical information processing is regained by AAS stimulation. We investigate the effect of electrical stimulation of the nucleus Pontis Oralis (PnO), a distinct source of ascending AAS projections, on cortical functional connectivity (FC) and information storage at mild, moderate, and deep anesthesia. Local field potentials (LFPs) recorded previously in the secondary visual cortex (V2) and the adjacent parietal association cortex (PtA) in chronically instrumented unrestrained rats. We hypothesized that PnO stimulation would induce electrocortical arousal accompanied by enhanced FC and active information storage (AIS) implying improved information processing. In fact, stimulation reduced FC in slow oscillations (0.3–2.5 Hz) at low anesthetic level and increased FC at high anesthetic level. These effects were augmented following stimulation suggesting stimulus-induced plasticity. The observed opposite stimulation-anesthetic impact was less clear in the γ-band activity (30–70 Hz). In addition, FC in slow oscillations was more sensitive to stimulation and anesthetic level than FC in γ-band activity which exhibited a rather constant spatial FC structure that was symmetric between specific, topographically related sites in V2 and PtA. Invariant networks were defined as a set of strongly connected electrode channels, which were invariant to experimental conditions. In invariant networks, stimulation decreased AIS and increasing anesthetic level increased AIS. Conversely, in non-invariant (complement) networks, stimulation did not affect AIS at low anesthetic level but increased it at high anesthetic level. The results suggest that arousal stimulation alters cortical FC and information storage as a function of anesthetic level with a prolonged effect beyond the duration of stimulation. The findings help better understand how the arousal system may influence information processing in cortical networks at different levels of anesthesia.
COVARIENCE ESTIMATION AND PERFORMANCE OF SATELLITE IMAGINARY DATA USING SMT

Covariance estimation for high dimensional vectors is a classically difficult problem in statistical analysis and machine learning. In this paper, we propose a maximum likelihood (ML) approach to covariance estimation, which employs a novel sparsity constraint. More specifically, the covariance is constrained to havean Eigen decomposition which can be represented as a sparse matrix transforms (SMT). The SMT is formed by a product of pairwise coordinate rotations knownas Givens rotations. Using this framework, the covariance can be efficiently estimated using greedy minimization of the log likelihood function, and the number of Givens rotations can be efficiently computed using a cross-validation procedure. The resulting estimator is positive definite and well-conditioned even whenthe sample size is limited. Experiments on standard hyper-spectral data sets show that the SMT covariance estimate is consistently more accurate than both traditional shrinkage estimates and recently proposed graphical lasso estimates for a variety of different classes and sample sizes.
Biases and improvements of the boreal winter–spring equatorial undercurrent in the Indian Ocean in the CMIP5 and CMIP6 models

We assessed the performance of state-of-the-art coupled models in reproducing the equatorial undercurrent (EUC) in the Indian Ocean based on the outputs of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) models and compared with the Phase 5 (CMIP5) models. Our results showed that the CMIP6 models reproduced the boreal winter–spring Indian Ocean EUC more realistically than the CMIP5 models, although both generations of models underestimated the strength of the Indian Ocean EUC compared with the observations. This underestimation of the Indian Ocean EUC can be attributed to the excessively strong and westward-extended cold tongue in the equatorial Pacific. In the CMIP models, a stronger winter-mean cold tongue favors a stronger zonal sea surface temperature gradient, which forces a strong easterly wind bias over the equatorial western Pacific. This, in turn, contributes to an acceleration of the Walker circulation. This enhanced Walker circulation over the Indo-Pacific Ocean directly causes a lower level westerly wind bias over the equatorial Indian Ocean and drives a shallow west–deep east thermocline tilt bias, ultimately leading to an excessively weak EUC in the Indian Ocean via wind-induced thermocline processes. Compared with the CMIP5 models, the overall improvement in the strength of the winter–spring Indian Ocean EUC in the CMIP6 models can be traced back to the improvement in the degree of the strong and westward-extended cold tongue bias. Our results suggest that efforts should be made to reduce the bias in the mean-state equatorial Pacific sea surface temperature to further improve the simulation and projection of the atmospheric and oceanic circulations in the Indian Ocean.
Case report: Gastroenterological management in a case of cardio-facio-cutaneous syndrome

Background cardio-facio-cutaneous syndrome is a rare genetic disorder affecting less than 900 people in the world. It is mainly characterized by craniofacial, dermatologic and cardiac defects, but also gastroenterological symptoms may be present, ranging from feeding difficulties to gastroesophageal reflux and constipation. In this report we describe a case of this syndrome characterized by severe feeding and growth difficulties, with a particular focus on the management of gastroenterological complications. Case presentation the patient was a caucasian male affected by Cardio-Facio-Cutaneous syndrome who presented feeding difficulties already a few hours after birth. These symptoms worsened in the following months and lead to a complete growth arrest and malnutrition. He was first treated with a nasogastric tube placement. Subsequently, a laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication and a laparoscopic Stamm gastrostomy were performed. The child was fed with nocturnal enteral nutrition and diurnal oral and enteral nutrition. Eventually the patient resumed feeding validly and regained adequate growth. Conclusion this paper aims to bring to light a complex rare syndrome that infrequently comes to the attention of the pediatricians and whose diagnosis is not always straightforward. We also highlight the possible complications under a gastroenterologic point of view. Our contribution can be helpful to the pediatrician in the first diagnostic suspect of this syndrome. In particular, it is worth highlighting that -in an infant with Noonan-like features- symptoms like suction or swallowing problems, vomiting and feeding difficulties should orient towards the diagnosis of a Cardio-facio-cutaneous syndrome. It is also important to stress that its related gastroenterological issues may lead to severe growth failure and therefore the role of the gastroenterologist is key to manage supplemental feeding and to establish whether a nasogastric or gastrostomic tube placement is necessary.
A forest fire smoke detection model combining convolutional neural network and vision transformer

Forest fires seriously jeopardize forestry resources and endanger people and property. The efficient identification of forest fire smoke, generated from inadequate combustion during the early stage of forest fires, is important for the rapid detection of early forest fires. By combining the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and the Lightweight Vision Transformer (Lightweight ViT), this paper proposes a novel forest fire smoke detection model: the SR-Net model that recognizes forest fire smoke from inadequate combustion with satellite remote sensing images. We collect 4,000 satellite remote sensing images, 2,000 each for clouds and forest fire smoke, from Himawari-8 satellite imagery located in forest areas of China and Australia, and the image data are used for training, testing, and validation of the model at a ratio of 3:1:1. Compared with existing models, the proposed SR-Net dominates in recognition accuracy (96.9%), strongly supporting its superiority over benchmark models: MobileNet (92.0%), GoogLeNet (92.0%), ResNet50 (84.0%), and AlexNet (76.0%). Model comparison results confirm the accuracy, computational efficiency, and generality of the SR-Net model in detecting forest fire smoke with high temporal resolution remote sensing images.
Reprogramming viral immune evasion for a rational design of next-generation vaccines for RNA viruses

Type I interferons (IFNs-α/β) are antiviral cytokines that constitute the innate immunity of hosts to fight against viral infections. Recent studies, however, have revealed the pleiotropic functions of IFNs, in addition to their antiviral activities, for the priming of activation and maturation of adaptive immunity. In turn, many viruses have developed various strategies to counteract the IFN response and to evade the host immune system for their benefits. The inefficient innate immunity and delayed adaptive response fail to clear of invading viruses and negatively affect the efficacy of vaccines. A better understanding of evasion strategies will provide opportunities to revert the viral IFN antagonism. Furthermore, IFN antagonism-deficient viruses can be generated by reverse genetics technology. Such viruses can potentially serve as next-generation vaccines that can induce effective and broad-spectrum responses for both innate and adaptive immunities for various pathogens. This review describes the recent advances in developing IFN antagonism-deficient viruses, their immune evasion and attenuated phenotypes in natural host animal species, and future potential as veterinary vaccines.
Assessment of sensory and nutritional attributes of foxtail millet-based food products

Millets are a rich source of many health-promoting nutrients as well as bioactive compounds such as dietary fibers, antioxidants, macro and micronutrients etc., compared to other staple cereals such as rice, wheat and maize. These nutrients play a central role in the world nutritional security. Despite the inbuilt nutritional benefits, the production of millets has witnessed sharp decline owing to taste preferences, keeping quality and challenges associated with food preparation from millets. To sensitize the consumers about the nutritional benefits of foxtail millet, the present study was planned to formulate and nutritionally evaluate eight diversified foxtail millet-based food products namely rusk, kheer, pinni, sattu, vegetable dalia, cookies, bar and papad by replacing commonly used cereals such as wheat and rice. The products prepared from Foxtail millet were found to have high acceptability with mean score of more than 8.00. These diversified food products showed higher protein content ranging from 10.98 to 16.10 g/100 g, with the highest protein found in Foxtail millet kheer (16.01 g/100 g). The resistant starch content and predicted glycemic index (PGI) of these products ranged between 13.67 to 22.61 g/100 g and 46.12 to 57.55, respectively, with the highest resistant starch (22.61 ± 0.69 g/100 g) and lowest PGI (48.42 ± 0.20) found in millet bar. The high resistant starch and low PGI in foxtail millet products suggest that they could serve as an excellent food source suitable for diabetics. The obtained results suggest that all the Foxtail millet-based value-added products have superior nutrient profile and are highly acceptable than the traditional products. Inclusion of these foods in the diets of the population may help in the prevention of malnutrition and type 2 diabetes.