Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Seed quality of Brachiaria brizantha by X-ray image analysis using a Bayesian approach

Brachiaria brizantha is the most economically important forage grass in Brazil and is propagated through sowing. Producing high-quality seeds has been a constant challenge due to their uneven maturation. The development and application of precise and non-destructive methods for identifying internal damages to seeds, such as the X-ray test, which quickly indicates the quality of the lots, is of fundamental importance for the seed industry. In this work, the quality of Brachiaria brizantha seeds was analyzed based on the morphological characteristics observed in X-ray images that were related to viability using a mixture model under a Bayesian approach, with the following objectives: i) verify the adequacy of the Bayesian modeling used in the data analysis; ii) associate the efficiency of using radiographs as a way to assess the viability of the seeds; and iii) relate the classifications carried out by evaluators with the probability of originating normal or abnormal seedlings. The methodology applied for the analysis proved to be adequate. Further, the Bayesian estimates for parameters related to internal morphology were established with associated levels of uncertainty, which represents an advantage over usual frequentist methods. Based on the model's estimates, seeds evaluated as potentially unviable by three evaluators had practically no probability of germination and did not germinate in the test applied later. Seeds classified as potentially viable had a high probability of developing into normal seedlings, while 73.27% showed this property in the germination test.
Physician burnout in critical care and emergency unit setting

All types of healthcare professionals can develop burnout syndrome (BOS), while those who serve in critical care and emergency units are more susceptible to it. The emergence of BOS is linked to an imbalance between a team member's personal traits and problems at work or with other organisational elements. BOS is linked to a number of negative effects, including as higher rates of employee turnover, lower patient satisfaction, and lower levels of care quality. BOS also has a direct impact on the mental and physical health of the many physicians and other healthcare workers that work in emergency and critical care settings around the world. Critical care medical professionals and other psychological illnesses went mostly undetected until recently. The current paper examines the burnout prevalence among doctors in critical care (CC) unit and emergency unit physicians, the risk factors (RF) of burnout and their consequences, prevention and treatment measures of BOS and intensive and non-ICU healthcare workers' burnout prevalence comparison were also studied. It finally concludes from the study that the physicians from the Critical Care Unit and emergency department unit are more stressed and prone to high burnout levels than others.
Modified Gravity and the Phantom of Dark Matter

Astrophysical data analysis of the weak-field predictions support the claim that modified gravity (MOG) theories provide a self-consistent, scale-invariant, universal description of galaxy rotation curves, without the need of non-baryonic dark matter. Comparison to the predictions of Milgrom's modified dynamics (MOND) provide a best-fit and experimentally determined universal value of the MOND acceleration parameter. The predictions of the modified gravity theories are compared to the predictions of cold non-baryonic dark matter (CDM), including a constant density core-modified fitting formula, which produces excellent fits to galaxy rotation curves including the low surface brightness and dwarf galaxies. Upon analysing the mass profiles of clusters of galaxies inferred from X-ray luminosity measurements, from the smallest nearby clusters to the largest of the clusters of galaxies, it is shown that while MOG provides consistent fits, MOND does not fit the observed shape of cluster mass profiles for any value of the MOND acceleration parameter. Comparison to the predictions of CDM confirm that whereas the Navarro-Frenk-White (NFW) fitting formula does not fit the observed shape of galaxy cluster mass profiles, the core-modified dark matter fitting formula provides excellent best-fits, supporting the hypothesis that baryons are dynamically important in the distribution of dark matter halos.
Identity Authentication Based on Sensors of Smartphone and Neural Networks

The smartphone has become an indispensable electric device for most people since it can assist us in finishing many tasks such as paying and reading. Therefore, the security of smartphones is the most crucial issue to illegal users who cannot access legal users’ privacy information. This paper studies identity authentication using user action. This scheme does not rely on the pass-word or biometric identification. It checks user identity just by user action features. We utilize sensors installed in smartphones and collect their data when the user waves the phone. We collect these data, process them and feed them into neural networks to realize identity recognition. We invited 13 participants and collected about 350 samples for each person. The sampling frequency is set at 200 Hz, and DenseNet is chosen as the neural network to validate system performance. The result shows that the neural network can effectively recognize user identity and achieve an authentication accuracy of 96.69 percent.
Adherence to the Western, Prudent and Mediterranean Dietary Patterns and Colorectal Cancer Risk: Findings from the Spanish Cohort of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC-Spain)

The aim of this study was to explore the association between three previously identified dietary patterns (Western, Prudent, and Mediterranean) and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk by sex and cancer subtype. The Spanish cohort of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study provided dietary and epidemiological information from 15,629 men and 25,808 women recruited between 1992 and 1996. Among them, 568 CRC cases and 3289 deaths were identified during a median follow-up of 16.98 years. The associations between adherence to the three dietary patterns and CRC risk (overall, by sex, and by tumour location: proximal and distal colon and rectum) were investigated by fitting multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models stratified by study centre and age. Possible heterogeneity of the effects by sex and follow-up time (1–10 vs. ≥10 years) was also explored. While no clear effect of the Prudent dietary pattern on CRC risk was found, a suggestive detrimental effect of the Western dietary pattern was observed, especially during the first 10 years of follow-up (HR1SD-increase (95% CI): 1.17 (0.99–1.37)), among females (HR1SD-increase (95% CI): 1.31 (1.06–1.61)), and for rectal cancer (HR1SD-increase (95% CI): 1.38 (1.03–1.84)). In addition, high adherence to the Mediterranean pattern seemed to protect against CRC, especially when restricting the analyses to the first 10 years of follow-up (HR1SD-increase (95% CI): 0.84 (0.73–0.98)), among males (HR1SD-increase (95% CI): 0.80 (0.65–0.98)), and specifically against distal colon cancer (HR1SD-increase (95% CI): 0.81 (0.63–1.03)). In conclusion, low adherence to the Western diet and high adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern could prevent CRC, especially distal colon and rectal cancer.
Energy-Quality Scalable Design Space Exploration of Approximate FFT Hardware Architectures

This paper presents a comprehensive design space exploration for boosting energy efficiency of a fast Fourier transform (FFT) VLSI accelerator, exploiting several approximate multipliers (AxM) combined with approximate adder (AxA) circuits. The FFT hardware herein presented consists of a fixed-point sequential architecture using a radix-2 butterfly with decimation in time. We explore a set of AxMs – namely Dynamic Range Unbiased (DRUM), Rounding-based Approximate (RoBA), leading one Bit-based Approximate (LoBA), and Truncated approach – jointly with the LOA, ETA-I, CopyA, CopyB, Trunc0, Trunc1 approximate adders. The approximate arithmetic operators are used in the butterfly kernel with exploration of the approximation levels (for the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${L}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${K}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> least-significant bits, respectively, for the AxM and AxA), aiming at discovering the most energy-efficient configuration under a design-time QoR constraint. The mean square error and peak signal-to-noise ratio metrics define which approximate levels combining <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${L}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${K}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> variations will enable the FFT to process signals to generate spectrograms without significant losses. Our results show that the LoBA multiplier with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$L$ </tex-math></inline-formula>=8 together with the LOA, Trunc1 and Trunc0, at different approximation levels, provide most energy savings with controllable quality degradation, presenting a minimum decrease of 20.2% in power dissipation without degrading the spectrogram generation quality.
Multi-wavelength Observations of Galactic Winds

Abstract It has long been suspected that winds of thermal and/or relativistic particles are a common feature of both active and normal galaxies. Galactic winds are likely to be an important mechanism, particularly at high redshift, by which energy and metals from galaxies are subsequently dumped into the intergalactic medium. Both observational and theoretical studies of wind processes remain in their infancy, largely because astrophysical winds are difficult to detect. Future satellite missions will make systematic surveys possible for the first time. In this review, we summarise the current evidence for galactic-scale winds, particularly in energy bands where the wind emission is spatially resolved. We also discuss observational limitations and problems of interpretation.
High Pressure Gases in Hollow Core Photonic Crystal Fiber:A New Nonlinear Medium

The effective Kerr nonlinearity of hollow-core kagome-style photonic crystal fiber (PCF) filled with argon gas increases over 100 times when the pressure is increased from 1 to 150 bar, reaching 15 % of that of bulk silica glass, while the zero dispersion wavelength shifts from 300 to 900 nm. The group velocity dispersion of the system is uniquely pressure-tunable over a wide range while avoiding Raman scattering : absent in noble gases and having an extremely high optical damage threshold. As a result, detailed and well controlled studies of nonlinear effects can be performed, in both normal and anomalous dispersion regimes, using only a fixed-frequency pump laser. For example, the absence of Raman scattering permits clean observation, at high powers, of the interaction between a modulational instability side-band and a soliton created dispersive wave. Excellent agreement is obtained between numerical simulations and experimental results. The system has great potential for the realisation of reconfigurable supercontinuum sources, wavelength convertors and short-pulse laser systems.
Free-standing AlxGa1−xAs heterostructures by gas-phase etching of germanium

We outline a facile fabrication technique for the realization of free-standing AlxGa1−xAs heterostructures of arbitrary aluminum content. Utilizing xenon difluoride (XeF2) we rapidly and selectively remove a sacrificial germanium (Ge) underlayer in a room temperature gas-phase etching procedure. We demonstrate two possibilities for exploiting this unique process: (1) bulk micromachining of a suspended high-frequency low-dissipation micro-optomechanical resonator consisting of an epitaxial GaAs/AlAs multilayer grown on a Ge substrate and (2) epitaxial lift-off of a GaAs film via removal of an embedded Ge sacrificial layer, resulting in lateral etch rates up to 3 mm/h and a conservative selectivity of ∼106.
Zoom Application Acceptance in Online Learning: An Analysis with the Technology Acceptance Model

This research aims to investigate the effect of perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness online learning using Zoom Cloud Meetings on student satisfaction and acceptance intention in the lecture process of accounting core courses as the impact of Covid-19 pandemic. Based on Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), there are two main constructs as independent variables which are perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness. An online questionnaire was utilised to gather data from accounting students of one of the private universities in Jakarta, Indonesia. Data from 171 accounting students were analysed using the SEM-PLS method. The findings reveal that as follows: First, perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness effect significantly on student satisfaction. Second, student satisfaction effect significantly on acceptance intention. Third, perceived ease and perceived usefulness effect significantly on acceptance intention with student satisfaction as the mediation variable in the relationship. However, perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness do not affect significantly on acceptance intention.
A Technical Comparison of Human Papillomavirus Genotyping Assays from a Population-Based Cervical Cancer Screening in South Central Ethiopia

Purpose High-risk Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is the most important cause of cervical cancer. The highest burden of disease is seen in Low- and Low-Middle-Income Countries (LMIC). Several new HPV screening assays have been developed for high-risk HPV (hr-HPV) testing. We compared the performance and adequacy of three HPV genotyping assays on samples from a population of rural women in south-central Ethiopia. Patients and Methods One hundred and ten cervical swabs from rural women screened for HPV were assayed. HPV DNA was tested using MPG-Luminex Assay, Anyplex II HPV HR Detection, and EUROArray HPV. MPG-Luminex Assay was used as a reference method to compute the sensitivity and specificity of the two commercial assays in detecting hr-HPV infections. Results Of the 110 samples, MPG-Luminex Assay found 18.2% positive for the 14 hr-HPV and 7.3% for the probable hr-HPV genotypes. Anyplex™ II HPV HR Detection assay and EUROArray HPV Assay identified 21.82% and 12.7% samples, respectively, for the 14 hr-HPVs and both 7.3% for the probable hr-HPV genotypes (κ=0.734). Among the 14 hr-HPV genotypes, the genotype-specific agreement of the three HPV genotyping assays was moderate or better for HPV16, 31, 35, 39, 52, 56, 66 and 68. The aggregated sensitivity in detecting the 14 hr-HPV infections of Anyplex™ II HPV HR Detection and EUROArray HPV assays was high, 100% and 70%, respectively. The specificities of Anyplex™ II HPV HR Detection and EUROArray HPV were 95.6% and 100%, respectively. Conclusion The three evaluated assays showed similar analytical performance in the detection of hr-HPV infections and moderate or better concordance in HPV genotyping. This study is part of the ongoing cluster-randomized trial that has been registered in clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03281135) on September 13, 2017.
A hybrid immersed‐boundary/body‐fitted‐grid method and its application to simulating heart valve flows

In this article, a hybrid immersed‐boundary (IB)/body‐fitted‐grid (BFG) method is presented for simulating flows with immersed moving boundaries. In this method, the stationary solid boundaries are treated by the BFG method while the moving boundaries are treated by an immersed boundary method named the local domain‐free discretization method. The hybrid IB/BFG method has both the advantage of an IB method in handling the moving boundaries and that of a BFG method in handling the stationary boundaries and the boundary layers over them. The present method is beneficial to heart valve flows where the leaflets are implanted in a blood vessel. For the simulation of pulsatile heart valve flows, a technique of driving force is proposed to maintain the conservation of the mass flux and improve the convergence of the pseudo‐time iteration in dual‐time‐stepping. The wall‐modeled large eddy simulation is employed for simulating turbulence. Numerical experiment is first performed for the pulsatile flow through a curved, pipe bend. To demonstrate the ability of the proposed method to simulate flows with complex, immersed boundaries, pulsatile physiological flows through a bileaflet mechanical heart valve mounted in a model straight aorta are calculated. The predicted results show good agreements with the published experimental data and numerical results.
Effects of Cinnamon Essential Oil on Oxidative Damage and Outer Membrane Protein Genes of Salmonella enteritidis Cells

Salmonella is an important pathogen causing food poisoning. Food safety and health are the themes of today′s society. As a class of food-borne pathogens, Salmonella enteritidis had become one of the common zoonotic pathogens. Cinnamon essential oil (CEO) had been reported as an antibacterial agent, but there are few studies on its antibacterial mechanism. This study investigated the effects of CEO on oxidative damage and outer membrane protein genes of Salmonella enteritidis cells. First, the reactive oxygen species content in bacteria treated with different concentrations of cinnamon essential oil was determined by fluorescence spectrophotometry, and the effects of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) were determined by the kit method. The activity of POD and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) were investigated to investigate the oxidative damage of CEO to Salmonella enteritidis cells. By analyzing the effect of CEO on the Salmonella enteritidis cell membrane’s outer membrane protein gene expression, the mechanism of CEO′s action on the Salmonella enteritidis cell membrane was preliminarily discussed. The results showed that CEO treatment had an obvious oxidative damaging effect on Salmonella enteritidis. Compared with the control group, the increase in CEO concentration caused a significant increase in the bacteria ROS content. The observation technique experiment found that with the increase in CEO concentration, the number of stained cells increased, which indicated that CEO treatment would increase the ROS level in the cells, and it would also increase with the increase in CEO concentration, thus causing the oxidation of cells and damage. In addition, CEO treatment also caused the disruption of the balance of the cellular antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, POD) system, resulting in an increase in the content of MDA, a membrane lipid metabolite, and increased protein carbonylation, which ultimately inhibited the growth of Salmonella enteritidis. The measurement results of cell membrane protein gene expression levels showed that the Omp genes to be detected in Salmonella enteritidis were all positive, which indicated that Salmonella enteritidis carried these four genes. Compared with the control group, the relative expressions of OmpF, OmpA and OmpX in the CEO treatment group were significantly increased (p < 0.05), which proved that the cell function was disturbed. Therefore, the toxicity of CEO to Salmonella enteritidis could be attributed to the damage of the cell membrane and the induction of oxidative stress at the same time. It was speculated that the antibacterial mechanism of CEO was the result of multiple effects. This work was expected to provide a theoretical basis for the development of new natural food preservatives and the prevention and control of Salmonella enteritidis.
Local and Regional Anaesthetic Techniques in Canine Ovariectomy: A Review of the Literature and Technique Description

Simple Summary This review stems from a general trend of increasing attention toward surgical nociception in the veterinary field. Indeed, veterinarian anaesthetists are becoming more careful in relieving perioperative nociception, improving the analgesic protocols and therefore optimising surgical outcomes. Canine ovariectomy is a common surgical procedure with a moderate level of pain. Therefore, intraoperative analgesia is very important because pain causes various systemic inflammatory effects that slow patient recovery. This review aims to collect all recent information about local and regional anaesthetic/analgesic techniques in a review of the literature describing the technique utilised. In addition, the present review aims to provide practical guidelines for veterinary practitioners to improve the anaesthetic techniques in canine neutering through an overview of the available literature. In fact, the methods described, considering the relative simplicity of execution, can be used in daily routine practice. Abstract Canine ovariectomy is an elective surgery with a moderate level of pain. Despite its relative simplicity, it requires surgical pain management. This study aimed to collect all recent information about local and regional anaesthetic/analgesic techniques in a review of the literature describing the technique utilised. The various procedures described in this review use local anaesthetics to improve analgesia in the routine systemic anaesthetic protocol. The approach described in this paper is called multimodal analgesia and is used in addition to the normal standard anaesthetic protocol. These techniques proved effective in minimising responses to the surgical stimulus and ensured adequate intraoperative and postoperative analgesia. The routine use of multimodal analgesia is considered a useful alternative for pain management in canine ovariectomy, in that it minimises patient suffering, improves the recovery of rescue analgesia, increases drug savings, and improves animal outcomes. In addition, the use of these local and regional techniques ensures satisfactory analgesic coverage that lasts for the first hours postoperatively.
Foundations of a logic of knowledge, action, and communication

Most Artificial Intelligence planners work on the assumption that they have complete knowledge of their problem domain and situation, so that planning an action consists of searching for an action sequence that achieves some desired goal. In actual planning situations, agents rarely know enough to map out a detailed plan of action when they start out. Instead, they initially draw up a sketchy plan and fill in details as they proceed. This thesis presents a formalism that is expressive enough to describe this flexible planning process. We address ourselves to two central issues: (1) How can an agent determine that he knows enough to do an action? (Knowledge Preconditions Problem) (2) If the agent does not know enough, how can he plan to get the action done? (Ignorant Agent Problem) We demonstrate that modal logic is too weak to serve as the basis for such a theory, and choose instead to work within a first order logic augmented with quotation. We then discuss the Knower Paradoxes that arise from such syntactic treatments of knowledge, and propose a solution to these paradoxes based on Kripke's solution to the Liar Paradox. Next, we present a theory of action and planning that is powerful enough to describe partial plans and joint-effort plans. We then explain what knowledge an agent must have in order to successfully perform an action and how an ignorant agent can construct and execute complex plans in order to overcome his ignorance. A central observation underlying our solution to the Ignorant Agent Problem is that ignorant agents tend to use communicative acts, such as asking for information, and delegating, to plan around their ignorance. During the final part of this thesis, we therefore develop a theory of communication as an integrated part of our theory of action and planning. We show that this theory of communication is more expressive than standard Austinian-type speech act theories. The thesis includes comparisons of our theory with other syntactic and modal theories such as Konolige's and Moore's. We demonstrate that our theory is powerful enough to solve classes of problems that these theories cannot handle.