Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multifunctional aspects of Piriformospora indica in plant endosymbiosis

ABSTRACT Piriformospora indica (Hymenomycetes, Basidiomycota) is an endophytic fungus that colonises plant roots, and was originally isolated from Rajasthan desert. It is comparable to Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in terms of plant growth promotional effects. P. indica has been used as an ideal example to analyse the mechanisms of mutualistic symbiosis. Major benefit of P. indica over AM fungi is that it is axenically cultivable in different synthetic and complex media. A preliminary attempt was made to scrutinise the role of P. indica co-cultivation on seedling vigour of common vegetables like Cucumis sativus L. , Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench, Solanum melongena L. and Capsicum annuum L. The positive effect of P. indica co-culture on seedling performance was compared to the effects of growth hormones like indole acetic acid and benzyl amino purine when supplemented to the MS medium at a concentration of 0.1 mg ml−1. An exogenous supply of auxin resulted in enhanced production of roots and cytokinin supplement favoured shoot production, whereas P. indica co-culture favoured simultaneous production of shoot and root over the control. P. indica colonisation inside the roots of C. sativus L. was also successfully established. These preliminary results indicate the prospective role of P. indica in vegetable farming through its favourable effect on plant growth.
Microsatellite Identification of Sockeye Salmon Rearing in the Bering Sea during 2009, and 2011–2014

Stock composition of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) caught in the southern central Bering Sea during Japanese research cruises in the summers of 2009, 2011, 2012, 2013, and 2014 was estimated through an analysis of microsatellite DNA variation. Ocean age x.1 individuals were well separated from ocean age x.2 and x.3 individuals in fork length, with a bimodal distribution observed in fork length for all fi ve sampling years. Body weight distributions were similarly well defi ned between age x.1 and x.2 individuals, with x.1 individuals typically less than 800 g in weight, refl ective of the bimodal distribution of body weight. Based upon geography and relative abundance, sockeye salmon of Bristol Bay origin should be expected to dominate catches of immature sockeye rearing in the Bering Sea, with sockeye salmon originating from Russia the next most abundant stock. These were precisely the results observed from our analysis of immature sockeye salmon rearing in the central Bering Sea in July and August (2009–14). Alaskan-origin sockeye salmon were the most abundant in the catch, comprising approximately 85% of all sockeye caught, with the catch dominated by sockeye of Bristol Bay origin. Russianorigin salmon accounted for approximately 10% of the annual catch, while Canadian-origin sockeye accounted for 5% of the annual catch.
GEOCHEMISTRY OF INTERMEDIATFl- TO fiGH-PRESSURE GRANULITES

Geochemical data from the literature for high-pressure granulites have been compiled with the aim of evaluating the compositional differences between granulite terrains of various ages and xenoliths and the processes responsible for granulite formation. Although complete compositional overlap exists between the different granulite groups, median compositions of Archean granulite facies terrains are more evolved (having higher Si02 and lower MgO) than post-Archean terrains, which are in tum more evolved than granulite xenoliths. The degree of LREE enrichment changes systematically as well, with Archean terrains having the highest {La/Sm)N and {La/Yb)N and xenoliths the lowest. In contrast to the secular changes observed in upper crustal composition, the median K20 content for Archean granUlites is slightly higher than that of post-Archean terrains. K, Rb, Cs, Th and U distribution patterns of granulites are the same for terrains and xenoliths, suggesting similar depletion processes operate in both. It is possible to classify granulites on the basis of their LILE contents and thereby to predict their LILE characteristics if their K contents are known. K/U and K{Th ratios are significantly higher in granulites than in the upper continental crust and do not correlate with K content. Usinf the median values of K, K{Th and K/U for Archean granulite terrains, a heat production of 0.48 IlW/m is calculated -- a value similar to estimates based on individual terrains. Suggestions that mantle heat flow is overestimated in Archean shields due to the effects of lateral heterogeneities in heat-producing elements in the crust mean that Archean granulite terrains cannot be excluded as being representative of the lower crust in these regions on the basis of heat flow arguments. The heat production calculated for post-Archean terrains is somewhat higher (0.53 IlW/m) than the Archean value and that of xenoliths is very low (0.08 IlW/m3). Model trace element contents of partial melting residues of metapelitic rocks, using recent experimental results to constrain restite phase proportions, are different from those observed in aluminous granulites. However, if melt segregation was inefficient, the trace element characteristics of the model restite are closer to those observed in aluminous granulites, but the residues are no longer LILE depleted. This suggests that (1) granite residues may be sampled as undepleted granulites, and (2) partial melting is not the process by which granulites become depleted in LILEs. Finally, positive Eu anomalies postulated to exist in the lower crust are observed mainly in cumulates, suggesting that crystal accumulation rather than partial melt removal may be the process responsible for imparting the negative Eu anomaly on the upper crust.
Characteristics of Gandaria (Bouea macrophylla Griff) Fruit Wine from Primary Fermentation and 14 Days Aging with Different Commercial Yeast Types and Concentrations

Gandaria fruit wine, however, is still made using a straightforward fermentation procedure, hence the final product is murky. The correct variables for judging fruit wine quality still require a number of optimization procedures to be carried out. The purpose of this research was, therefore, to compare the primary fermentation and aging effects of different commercial yeast types on the physicochemical properties of gandaria fruit wine. Aging for 14 days caused a significant decrease in the characteristics of gandaria wine produced with different commercial yeast types and concentrations compared to the freshly fermented wine. Total sugar, total acidity, vitamin C, total soluble solids, and turbidity were among the characteristics that decreased. Whereas with aging, the alcohol content and pH values increased. The gandaria wine produced with commercial yeast Pakmaya at a 2.5% concentration was found to be the best due to the alcohol content that complied with the standard for fruit wine and had the clearest resulting wine both for the primary fermentation and the 14-day aging.
Evaluation of physiological indices of winter wheat under different irrigation treatments using weighing lysimeter

: In order to evaluate physiological indices of winter wheat in different irrigation treatments in climatic condition of Beijing, an experiment was conducted in National Precision Agriculture Demonstration Station in Xiaotangshang Town of Beijing. Irrigation treatments were (I1) irrigation before sowing (60 L); (I2) Irrigation before sowing (30 L) + before freezing (30 L); (I3) irrigation before sowing (30 L) + before freezing (30 L) + at erecting stage (60 L) + flowering stage (60 L); (I4) Irrigation before sowing (30 L) + before freezing (30 L) + jointing stage (60 L) + flowering stage (60 L). The crop growth was low in the beginning of sampling, thereafter increased considerably up to 125 days after planting (22 g/m 2 /day) with a peak in 130 days after planting, then showed a declining trend after that. The decrease in crop growth rate towards maturity is due to senescence of leaves and decrease of leaf area index. The maximum and the minimum CGR was related to irrigation one and irrigation four, respectively. RGR decrease during plant growth and reached to a zero at 185-195 days after planting, and it reached into negative after these days until harvesting time. Moreover, the highest LAI was related to irrigation treatment number 2, and the lowest one was obtained for treatment number one. The NAR was low in the beginning of sampling, thereafter increased considerably up to 105 days after planting which was 8.6 g/m 2 /day. Then showed a declining trend after that toward zero (192 days after planting), then it has negative trend.
Fluid initialization and dynamic window for smoothed-particle hydrodynamics simulation

Fluid simulation is an essential tool to produce realistic looking animations. In particular, Lagrangian simulations offer interactive computation times with an easy integration of the two-way interaction with rigid bodies. However, the interactivity is lost for larger scenes even if only the areas around the bodies have any visual interest. In this paper, we present a novel approach to quickly initialize additional fluid in a rest state in simulations with any 3D boundary shape and able to preserve any already existing fluid. Our approach only uses the density property of the particles to allow compatibility with any smoothed-particle hydrodynamics (SPH) simulation scheme and any boundaries model. This initialization method is fast enough to allow the initialization of new fluid volumes interactively while the simulation is running. We showcase our approach by proposing a method to create a dynamic simulation window, allowing the restriction of simulating the fluid only around moving objects. We propose multiple experiments to demonstrate the capabilities and performance of our approach.
PEMANFAATAN EKSTRAK DAUN BELIMBING WULUH (Averrhoa bolimbi) SEBAGAI BIOINHIBITOR KOROSI PADA LOGAM BAJA KARBON

(AVERRHOA BILIMBI) SEBAGAI BIOINHIBITOR KOROSI PADA LOGAM BAJA M. Reza Ardhiansyah, 2014, 48 Halaman, 9 Tabel, 11 Gambar, 4 Lampiran Ekstrak daun belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi) merupakan bahan organik yang dapat digunakan sebagai inhibitor untuk mengurangi laju korosi baja karbon rendah di lingkungan asam klorida. Penggunaan ekstrak daun belimbing wuluh diharapkan dapat dijadikan inhibitor yang bersifat aman, ramah lingkungan dan biodegradable serta mampu mengurangi penggunaan inhibitor sintetis. Inhibitor dari ekstrak daun belimbing wuluh dipilih sebagai inhibitor organik karena mengandung zat antioksidan yang dapat menghambat laju korosi seperti tanin. Metode kehilangan berat digunakan untuk menguji keefektifan ekstrak daun belimbing wuluh sebagai bioinhibitor korosi pada pelat baja berukuran 4cmx2,6cmx0,24cm dengan variasi konsentrasi media perendaman (HCl 1M, 2M, 3M, 4M dan 5M) serta lama waktu perendaman (1 minggu, 2 minggu, 3 minggu, 4 minggu dan 5 minggu). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar tanin yang terdapat pada ekstrak daun belimbing wuluh sebesar 0,3577%. Penggunaan ekstrak daun belimbing wuluh paling efektif bila digunakan di lingkungan korosif larutan HCl 1M dengan waktu perendaman satu minggu dengan efisiensi sebesar 83,6660%. Kata kunci : Korosi, baja karbon rendah, daun belimbing wuluh, tanin, inhibitor korosi.
A tangled threesome: understanding arbovirus infection in Aedes spp. and the effect of the mosquito microbiota

Arboviral infections transmitted by Aedes spp. mosquitoes are a major threat to human health, particularly in tropical regions but are expanding to temperate regions. The ability of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus to transmit multiple arboviruses involves a complex relationship between mosquitoes and the virus, with recent discoveries shedding light on it. Furthermore, this relationship is not solely between mosquitoes and arboviruses, but also involves the mosquito microbiome. Here, we aimed to construct a comprehensive review of the latest information about the arbovirus infection process in A. aegypti and A. albopictus, the source of mosquito microbiota, and its interaction with the arbovirus infection process, in terms of its implications for vectorial competence. First, we summarized studies showing a new mechanism for arbovirus infection at the cellular level, recently described innate immunological pathways, and the mechanism of adaptive response in mosquitoes. Second, we addressed the general sources of the Aedes mosquito microbiota (bacteria, fungi, and viruses) during their life cycle, and the geographical reports of the most common microbiota in adults mosquitoes. How the microbiota interacts directly or indirectly with arbovirus transmission, thereby modifying vectorial competence. We highlight the complexity of this tripartite relationship, influenced by intrinsic and extrinsic conditions at different geographical scales, with many gaps to fill and promising directions for developing strategies to control arbovirus transmission and to gain a better understanding of vectorial competence. The interactions between mosquitoes, arboviruses and their associated microbiota are yet to be investigated in depth.
Indicators for pulmonary hypertension in dogs with degenerative mitral valve disease

Background and Aim: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a common complication of degenerative mitral valve disease (DMVD) in dogs. This study aimed to determine PH indicators in dogs with stage C DMVD through thoracic radiography and M-mode and 2-dimensional echocardiography. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study of 133 dogs with DMVD stage C was conducted. The patients were divided into two groups: DMVD and DMVD with PH. Characteristics, thoracic radiographic findings, and echocardiographic variables were recorded for analysis. Results: Pulmonary hypertension was diagnosed in 56 dogs, with a prevalence of 42.1%. Univariable logistic regression analysis revealed associations among PH and right-sided heart enlargement, pulmonary artery enlargement, left ventricular size, and percent fractional shortening. Multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated that pulmonary artery enlargement (odds ratio [OR]: 5.96; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.45–24.54; p = 0.014) and decreased left ventricular size (OR: 0.02; 95%CI: 0.003–0.13; p = 0.001) were significantly associated with PH. The accuracy of predicting PH in dogs at DMVD stage C using pulmonary artery enlargement combined with decreased left ventricular size was moderate (area under the curve [AUC] 0.77; 95%CI: 0.68–0.86). Conclusion: Pulmonary hypertension is common in dogs with DMVD stage C. The presence of pulmonary artery enlargement assessed by radiography and decreased left ventricular size assessed by echocardiography, were associated with PH and may serve as predictors of PH in DMVD stage C.
Can the SiMaYang Learning Model Improve Elementary School Students' Critical Thinking Skills?

Low critical thinking skills are characterized by the inability of students to analyze ideas or suggestions in a more specific direction. This research aims to analyze students' critical thinking abilities by applying the Si-5 Kite (SiMaYang) learning model. This research uses a quantitative approach with a Quasi-Experimental Design type Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The population in this study was the fifth grade of elementary school with relatively low critical thinking skills based on the pretest results. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The number of samples in the experimental class was 30, and the number in the control class was 29. The data collection technique used is a test consisting of a pretest and a posttest. The data analysis techniques used in this research are descriptive and inferential statistical. The research results showed a significant difference in students' critical thinking abilities between the group that applied the SiMaYang learning model and the group that applied conventional methods. This can be seen based on the results of the pretest and posttest of the experimental class, which show a significant difference in students' critical thinking abilities before and after being given treatment in the form of implementing the SiMaYang learning model. So, the SiMaYang learning model can be used as an alternative learning model that can be applied to improve elementary school students' critical thinking skills.
PASSAGEM INFERIOR DE FAUNA E CERCA GUIA COMO FORMA DE MITIGAÇÃO DOS IMPACTOS AMBIENTAIS PASS LOWER FAUNA AND ABOUT HOW TO GUIDE MITIGATION FORM OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

This study aims to present the passage of fauna and fences guide are the main structures used in highways and the railways, for mitigation of environmental impacts on wildlife. Impacts that are a result of the barrier effect of avoidance and run over effect. Besides the high costs caused by accidents involving drivers and animals, fragmentation of the territory by enterprises tends to put wildlife in an unsafe situation, both by reducing the food supply and the low polymorphism that may cause the extinction of species. With the development of Road Ecology and licensing procedures seek to minimize impacts on the environment. It highlights the importance for the awareness and cooperation of society in general for the preservation and maintenance of wildlife protection structures.
Artificial Intelligence - An Enabler of Naval Tactical Decision Superiority

Artificial intelligence, as a capability enhancer, offers significant improvements to our tactical warfighting advantage. AI provides methods for fusing and analyzing data to enhance our knowledge of the tactical environment; it provides methods for generating and assessing decision options from multidimensional, complex situations; and it provides predictive analytics to identify and examine the effects of tactical courses of action. Machine learning can improve these processes in an evolutionary manner. Advanced computing techniques can handle highly heterogeneous and vast datasets and can synchronize knowledge across distributed warfare assets. This article presents concepts for applying AI to various aspects of tactical battle management and discusses their potential improvements to future warfare.
PENGARUH DUKUNGAN ORGANISASI DAN KOMITMEN ORGANISASI TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN

Studi ini bermaksud untuk menganalisis pengaruhnya Perceived Organizational Support (POS) dan Komitmen Organisasi terhadap kinerja karyawan di suatu perusahaan manufaktur di Kota Surabaya. POS mencerminkan pandangan subjektif karyawan tentang sejauh mana organisasi memiliki kepedulian terhadap kebutuhan dan kesejahteraan karyawannya, sementara komitmen organisasi mencakup tingkat keterikatan dan identifikasi karyawan dengan nilai-nilai dan tujuan organisasi. Di studi ini, data dikumpulkan melalui survei, wawancara, dan analisis dokumentasi, dan dianalisis menggunakan regresi linier berganda. Hasil studi mengindikasikan bahwa kombinasi POS dan komitmen organisasi memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan. Karyawan yang merasa didukung dan terlibat secara aktif di misi organisasi cenderung memperlihatkan kinerja yang lebih positif, motivasi untuk berinovasi, dan tingkat retensi yang tinggi. Temuan ini memperkuat konsep bahwa dukungan organisasi dan komitmen organisasi memainkan peran krusial untuk membentuk hubungan positif antara karyawan dan organisasi, serta berdampak pada efektivitas dan keberlanjutan kinerja individu.
An extensive asynchronous symmetric rendezvous technique for cognitive radio networks

With the current increase in wireless technology, spectrum is becoming scarce. By equitably allocating frequency bands to unlicensed and licensed clients, the cognitive radio network (CRN) reduces issue of growing inadequate utilization and spectrum scarcity. Secondary users (SUs) and unlicensed users are given the opportunity to impulsively exploit the licensed users allotted free spectrum under CRN. The rendezvous procedure, in which SUs gather on widely used channels and create trustworthy linkages for efficient communication, is the key step in the creation of CRN. Considering the dynamic context of CRNs, rendezvous methods that depend with the presumption of common control channel (CCC) across SUs are less effective and impractical. Thus, the rendezvous among SUs is often accomplished via the channel hopping (CH) approach without CCC assistance, also known as blind rendezvous. The complete asynchronous symmetric rendezvous (CASR) technique presented in this paper ensures that SUs will rendezvous in a finite amount of time without the need for time synchronization. The CASR method uses the SU's MAC address as a means of generating a unique identifier (ID) and creating a CH sequence by dynamically adjusting the ID in accordance with the number of accessible channels for communicating. The CASR method was successful in achieving rendezvous assurance while maintaining an acceptable time to rendezvous by utilizing the distinct ID of each SU. The effectiveness of the CASR technique is theoretically evaluated and empirically tested through several simulation studies. According to simulation studies, CASR technique outperforms existing rendezvous techniques when considering of average time-to-rendezvous.
Improved Control of Propeller Ventilation Based on POA-XGBoost and Ship Dynamics/Control Model

Under adverse sea conditions, propeller ventilation caused by in-and-out water can decrease the reliability of the ship power grid and the lifespan of the propulsion shaft system. Predicting the development of propeller ventilation severity while identifying it can contribute to improving propeller ventilation control. In this study, the eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) algorithm combined with a ship dynamics/control model is proposed as a propeller ventilation identification and prediction method. Meanwhile, the Pelican optimization algorithm (POA), particle swarm optimization (PSO), and genetic algorithm (GA) are applied to determine the optimal hyperparameters of the XGBoost algorithm. The results indicate that the method can effectively identify the current propeller ventilation state and predict whether a full ventilation state will occur after experiencing a partial propeller ventilation state. The comparison results indicate that the POA has a better optimization effect on the XGBoost algorithm for propeller ventilation identification and prediction. The method proposed in this study provides crucial technical support for the effective switching of propulsion control strategies for ship electric propulsion systems under adverse sea conditions.
Machine Learning for Smart Building Applications

The use of machine learning (ML) in smart building applications is reviewed in this article. We split existing solutions into two main classes: occupant-centric versus energy/devices-centric. The first class groups solutions that use ML for aspects related to the occupants, including (1) occupancy estimation and identification, (2) activity recognition, and (3) estimating preferences and behavior. The second class groups solutions that use ML to estimate aspects related either to energy or devices. They are divided into three categories: (1) energy profiling and demand estimation, (2) appliances profiling and fault detection, and (3) inference on sensors. Solutions in each category are presented, discussed, and compared; open perspectives and research trends are discussed as well. Compared to related state-of-the-art survey papers, the contribution herein is to provide a comprehensive and holistic review from the ML perspectives rather than architectural and technical aspects of existing building management systems. This is by considering all types of ML tools, buildings, and several categories of applications, and by structuring the taxonomy accordingly. The article ends with a summary discussion of the presented works, with focus on lessons learned, challenges, open and future directions of research in this field.