Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Phosphonate Inhibitors of Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Perturb Homeostasis of Amino Acids and Protein Succinylation in the Brain

Mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHC) is essential for brain glucose and neurotransmitter metabolism, which is dysregulated in many pathologies. Using specific inhibitors of PDHC in vivo, we determine biochemical and physiological responses to PDHC dysfunction. Dose dependence of the responses to membrane-permeable dimethyl acetylphosphonate (AcPMe2) is non-monotonous. Primary decreases in glutathione and its redox potential, methionine, and ethanolamine are alleviated with increasing PDHC inhibition, the alleviation accompanied by physiological changes. A comparison of 39 brain biochemical parameters after administration of four phosphinate and phosphonate analogs of pyruvate at a fixed dose of 0.1 mmol/kg reveals no primary, but secondary changes, such as activation of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (OGDHC) and decreased levels of glutamate, isoleucine and leucine. The accompanying decreases in freezing time are most pronounced after administration of methyl acetylphosphinate and dimethyl acetylphosphonate. The PDHC inhibitors do not significantly change the levels of PDHA1 expression and phosphorylation, sirtuin 3 and total protein acetylation, but increase total protein succinylation and glutarylation, affecting sirtuin 5 expression. Thus, decreased production of the tricarboxylic acid cycle substrate acetyl-CoA by inhibited PDHC is compensated by increased degradation of amino acids through the activated OGDHC, increasing total protein succinylation/glutarylation. Simultaneously, parasympathetic activity and anxiety indicators decrease.
Probing the Structure of Kepler ZZ Ceti Stars with Full Evolutionary Models-based Asteroseismology

We present an asteroseismological analysis of four ZZ Ceti stars observed with the Kepler spacecraft: GD 1212, SDSS J113655.17+040952.6, KIC 11911480, and KIC 4552982, based on a grid of full evolutionary models of DA white dwarf (WD) stars. We employ a grid of carbon–oxygen core models, characterized by a detailed and consistent chemical inner profile for the core and the envelope. In addition to the observed periods, we take into account other information from the observational data, such as amplitudes, rotational splittings, and period spacing, as well as photometry and spectroscopy. For each star, we present an asteroseismological model that closely reproduces their observed properties. The asteroseismological stellar mass and effective temperature of the target stars are ( , 10737 ± 73 K) for GD 1212, ( , 11110 ± 69 K) for KIC 4552982, ( , 12,721 ± 228 K) for KIC11911480, and ( , 12,060 ± 300 K) for SDSS J113655.17+040952.6. In general, the asteroseismological values are in good agreement with the spectroscopy. For KIC 11911480 and SDSS J113655.17+040952.6 we derive a similar seismological mass, but the hydrogen envelope is an order of magnitude thinner for SDSS J113655.17+040952.6, which is part of a binary system and went through a common envelope phase.
Formulation and Optimization of Metronidazole and Lactobacillus spp. Layered Suppositories via a Three-Variable, Five-Level Central Composite Design for the Management of Bacterial Vaginosis

Bacterial vaginosis, a polymicrobial clinical syndrome characterized by a shift in healthy vaginal microbiota due to bacterial colonization, is characterized by high recurrence rates after conventional treatment with an antimicrobial agent. This has necessitated the need to develop a formulation that has the potential to ensure Lactobacilli viability and bacterial clearance. This study seeks to develop and optimize a layered suppository using a five-level central composite design to ensure optimized metronidazole release and lactic acid viability. Layered suppositories were formulated using the fusion method using polyethylene glycol blend 1500/4000 and Ovucire® as suppository bases. Lactobacillus fermentum was incorporated in the molten mass before molding the solid body suppositories into the cavity of hollow-type suppositories and sealing the molten excipients. Artificial neural network model predictions for product optimization showed high predictive capacity, closely resembling experimental observations. The highest disintegration time recorded was 12.76 ± 0.37 min, with the optimized formulations showing lower times of 5.93 ± 0.98 min and an average weight of 1.17 ± 0.07 g. Histopathological observations determined high compatibility of suppositories with vaginal cells with no distortion or wearing of the vagina epithelium. This optimized formulation provides a safe and promising alternative to conventional suppositories in the treatment and prevention of the recurrence of bacterial vaginosis.
Tools and Methods for Human Robot Collaboration: Case Studies at i-LABS

The collaboration among humans and machines is one of the most relevant topics in the Industry 4.0 paradigm. Collaborative robotics owes part of the enormous impact it has had in small and medium size enterprises to its innate vocation for close cooperation between human operators and robots. The i-Labs laboratory, which is introduced in this paper, developed some case studies in this sense involving different technologies at different abstraction levels to analyse the feasibility of human-robot interaction in common, yet challenging, application scenarios. The ergonomics of the processes, safety of operators, as well as effectiveness of the cooperation are some of the aspects under investigation with the main objective of drawing to these issues the attention from industries who could benefit from them.
Determination of neutron fracture functions from a global QCD analysis of the leading neutron production at HERA

In this article, we present our global QCD analysis of leading neutron production in deep inelastic scattering at H1 and ZEUS collaborations. The analysis is performed in the framework of a perturbative QCD description for semi-inclusive processes, which is based on the fracture functions approach. Modeling the nonperturbative part of the fragmentation process at the input scale Q02, we analyze the Q2 dependence of the leading neutron structure functions and obtain the neutron fracture functions (neutron FFs) from next-to-leading order global QCD fit to data. We have also performed a careful estimation of the uncertainties using the “Hessian method” for the neutron FFs and corresponding observables originating from experimental errors. The predictions based on the obtained neutron FFs are in good agreement with all data analyzed, at small and large longitudinal momentum fraction xL as well as the scaled fractional momentum variable β.
Signatures of quantum coherence in the optical line shape of an exciton in the presence of dynamic disorder

We address the effects of quantum coherences on the optical line shape of an exciton in the presence of dynamic disorder. We consider a one-dimensional excitonic system that consists of two levels placed at regular intervals. Detailed analytical calculations of line shape have been carried out by using Kubo's stochastic Liouville equation (K-QSLE). We make use of the observation that in the site representation, the Hamiltonian of our system with constant off-diagonal coupling J is a tridiagonal Toeplitz matrix (TDTM) whose eigenvalues and eigen functions are known analytically. This identification is particularly useful for long chains where the eigen values of TDTM help to understand crossover between static and fast modulation limits. We summarize the new results as follows. (i) In the slow modulation limit when the bath correlation time is large, the effects of spatial correlation are not negligible. Here the line shape is broadened and the number of peak increases beyond the ones obtained from TDTM (constant off-diagonal coupling element J and no fluctuation). (ii) However, in the fast modulation limit when the bath correlation time is small, the spatial correlation is less important (iii) Importantly, we find that the line shape can capture that quantum coherence affects in the two limits differently.
Knowledge and the frame problem

1 Abstract The frame problem, which arises in any reasonably expressive theory of action, shows up in a strengthened form in integrated theories of knowledge and action. In this paper, we present two instances of this strengthened frame problem: the Third Agent Frame Problem and the Vicarious Agent Frame Problem. We show that these problems cannot be solved at all by using frame axioms, and that most non-monotonic temporal logics are likewise inadequate for handling these problems. Finally, we show how an existing non-monotonic temporal logic, Motivated Action Theory, can be extended to handle both problems. 2 Introduction It has long been recognized that agents who operate in complex environments must be able to reason about the interactions between knowledge and action Agents must reason about the knowledge they need in order to perform an action, how actions that they perform aaect their knowledge, and how they can plan to achieve their goals with only partial knowledge. The bulk of the research in this area has focussed upon the rst of these issues, more commonly known as the knowledge preconditions problem. Speciically, researchers have sought to formalize in 1
Cardiovascular Risks of Hypertension: Lessons from Children with Chronic Kidney Disease

Hypertension is the most common complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children, having a strong association with subsequential cardiovascular disease (CVD). In pediatric CKD, a considerable percentage of children with hypertension are undiagnosed or undertreated. Prior research has evaluated structural and functional markers of subclinical CVD and biomarkers in adults with CKD, while ideal biomarkers in pediatrics are still insufficiently studied. The ultimate goal of this review is to summarize what is currently known about state of hypertension, cardiovascular risk factors, and potential CVD markers/biomarkers in children with pre-dialysis CKD. We discuss omics-related biomarkers and the pathophysiologic processes of endothelial dysfunction, kidney injury, oxidative stress and inflammation that are classified by specific biomarkers. Moreover, we illustrate the existing challenges and highlight the paucity of pediatric CKD research to evaluate these CVD biomarkers for future clinical pediatric practice. Thus, achieving clinical utility of CVD biomarkers for use in pediatric CKD remains a significant challenge requiring additional efforts.
Integrated approach to AUV docking based on nonlinear offset-free model predictive control

This study proposes an integrated docking approach for autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV), which directly generate control force and torque from visual guidance features to drive precise AUV docking. Accurate docking control has been constructed as nonlinear offset-free model predictive control (OFNMPC) problem to effectively deal with external disturbances, model mismatch, and various other constraints. For the problem of state and disturbance estimation required by OFNMPC, observers have been presented based on the extended Kalman filter (EKF) and moving horizon estimation (MHE). A visual observation model is proposed so that the observer can directly use visual measurements. OFNMPC was integrated with EKF and MHE, and the proposed OFNMPC-EKF and OFNMPC-MHE docking approaches were applied to an actual AUV model. The simulation results show that the proposed approaches could drive the AUV to complete accurate docking along a reasonable trajectory based on visual measurements. The navigation, guidance, and control functions of docking were effectively integrated. It was observed that in the presence of external disturbances and measurement noise, OFNMPC-EKF has better robustness.
Event-chain Monte Carlo algorithms for three- and many-particle interactions

We generalize the rejection-free event-chain Monte Carlo algorithm from many-particle systems with pairwise interactions to systems with arbitrary three- or many-particle interactions. We introduce generalized lifting probabilities between particles and obtain a general set of equations for lifting probabilities, the solution of which guarantees maximal global balance. We validate the resulting three-particle event-chain Monte Carlo algorithms on three different systems by comparison with conventional local Monte Carlo simulations: i) a test system of three particles with a three-particle interaction that depends on the enclosed triangle area; ii) a hard-needle system in two dimensions, where needle interactions constitute three-particle interactions of the needle end points; iii) a semiflexible polymer chain with a bending energy, which constitutes a three-particle interaction of neighboring chain beads. The examples demonstrate that the generalization to many-particle interactions broadens the applicability of event-chain algorithms considerably.
Properties of Neutrino-driven Ejecta from the Remnant of a Binary Neutron Star Merger: Pure Radiation Hydrodynamics Case

We performed general relativistic, long-term, axisymmetric neutrino radiation hydrodynamics simulations for the remnant formed after a binary neutron star merger, which consists of a massive neutron star and a torus surrounding it. As an initial condition, we employ the result derived in a three-dimensional, numerical relativity simulation for the binary neutron star merger. We investigate the properties of neutrino-driven ejecta. Due to the pair-annihilation heating, the dynamics of the neutrino-driven ejecta are significantly modified. The kinetic energy of the ejecta is about two times larger than that in the absence of pair-annihilation heating. This suggests that the pair-annihilation heating plays an important role in the evolution of merger remnants. The relativistic outflow, which is required for driving gamma-ray bursts, is not observed because the specific heating rate around the rotational axis is not sufficiently high, due to the baryon loading caused by the neutrino-driven ejecta from the massive neutron star. We discuss the condition for launching the relativistic outflow and the nucleosynthesis in the ejecta.
Improvement of a cashing trainer assembly methodology for FPGA development in vocational education students

Learning media is defined as a tool used in conveying learning messages to students. Teachers or lectures can use the media to stimulate thoughts, feelings, attention and abilities or skills, and one of them is the use of trainers. The development board FPGA of trainer tools for skill learning in digital technology-based vocational education today has been a problem that obstructs the growth of experts in high-tech-based vocational field.The Spartan development board and its software can be used to elaborate the improvement of skill learning. This research analyse how the development board can be used to enhance students’ thinking skill. The trainer tools in the market lately are still in the form of a mother board that can be interfaced with various devices commonly used to perform various digital automation technology. This study elaborates the use of the cashing trainer assembly among electrical engineering students and mechanical engineering students in a joint project to assembly a development mother board.The learning media is also used in group training among the peers.Based on trials and observations made by researchers, the students as the object of research results, have not performed optimally to combine planning of cashing trainer assembly methodology and practice in the assembly.
The Importance of Quantum Pressure of Fuzzy Dark Matter on Lyα Forest

With recent Lyα forest data from BOSS and XQ-100, some studies suggested that the lower mass limit on the fuzzy dark matter (FDM) particles is lifted up to . However, such a limit was obtained by ΛCDM simulations with the FDM initial condition and the quantum pressure (QP) was not taken into account, which could have generated non-trivial effects in large-scale structures. We investigate the QP effects in cosmological simulations systematically, and find that the QP leads to further suppression of the matter power spectrum at small scales, as well as the halo mass function in the low-mass end. We estimate the suppressing effect of QP in the 1D flux power spectrum of Lyα forest and compare it with data from BOSS and XQ-100. The rough uncertainties of thermal gas properties in the flux power spectrum model calculation were discussed. We conclude that more systematic studies, especially with QP taken into account, are necessary to constrain FDM particle mass using Lyα forest.
The axis ratio distribution of local and distant galaxies

Surface photometry from 16 HST/WFPC2 fields in the I(F814W) filter is used to derive the distribution of apparent axis ratios for galaxies in progressively fainter magnitude intervals for I<25. We assess the systematic and accidental errors in ellipticity measurements as a function of image resolution and signal-to-noise ratio, and statistically correct for the effect of cosmological surface brightness dimming on our isophotal measurements. The axis ratio distribution for the local galaxy population was computed using logR measurements for 1569 RC3 galaxies with Bt<13 mag. Nonparametric tests are used to show that our distant samples, in the redshift range 0.1<z<1.5, are not statistically different from the local sample. We present image montages of galaxies selected randomly from different axis ratio and apparent magnitude ranges and discuss the evolutionary consequences of the lack of a strong difference between the ellipticity distributions in near and far data sets.
Nonlinear Dirac equation solitary waves under a spinor force with different components

We consider the nonlinear Dirac equation in 1 + 1 dimension with scalar–scalar self-interaction in the presence of external forces as well as damping of the form γ0f(x,t)−iμγ0Ψ, where both f,{ fj=rjeiKjx} and Ψ are two-component spinors. We develop an approximate variational approach using collective coordinates for studying the time dependent response of the solitary waves to these external forces. In our previous paper we assumed Kj = K, j = 1, 2 which allowed a transformation to a simplifying coordinate system, and we also assumed the ‘small’ component of the external force was zero. Here we include the effects of the small component and also the case K1≠K2 which dramatically modifies the behavior of the solitary wave in the presence of these external forces.
Comparison of Bacterial Assemblages Associated with Harmful Cyanobacteria under Different Light Conditions

Harmful cyanobacterial blooms in freshwater ecosystems are closely associated with changes in the composition of symbiotic microbiomes, water quality, and environmental factors. In this work, the relationship between two representative harmful cyanobacterial species (Anabaena sp. and Microcystis sp.) and their associated bacterial assemblages were investigated using a 16S rRNA-based meta-amplicon sequencing analysis during a large-scale cultivation of cyanobacteria under different light conditions with limited wavelength ranges (natural light, blue-filtered light, green-filtered light, and dark conditions). During the cultivation periods, the growth pattern of cyanobacteria and bacterial composition of the phycosphere considerably varied in relation to light restrictions. Unlike other conditions, the cyanobacterial species exhibited significant growth during the cultivation period under both the natural and the blue light conditions. Analyses of the nitrogenous substances revealed that nitrogen assimilation by nitrate reductase for the growth of cyanobacteria occurred primarily under natural light conditions, whereas nitrogenase in symbiotic bacteria could also be activated under blue light conditions. Sphingobium sp. , associated with nitrogen assimilation via nitrogenase, was particularly dominant when the cell density of Microcystis sp. increased under the blue light conditions. Thus, cyanobacteria could have symbiotic relationships with ammonium-assimilating bacteria under light-limited conditions, which aids the growth of cyanobacteria.
EFFECTS OF SINGLE AND COMBINED STRESS OF CU OR ZN ON THE PHOTOSYNTHETIC FLUORESCENCE CHARACTERISTICS OF VALLISNERIA NATANS

For investigating the response of chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics under single and combined of Cu or Zn stress, Vallisneria natans was selected as the experimental subject. V. natans was cultured 21 days under six concentration levels of Cu or Zn. The results showed that Fv/Fm , Fv/Fo , Y (Ⅱ) and qP increased, and other indicators were almost unchanged in low- concentration treatment (Cu≤0.4mg/L, Zn≤4.0mg/L, Cu+Zn≤0.2+2.0 mg/L). V. natans could still maintain normal growth within such a range of heavy metal concentration, and it could maintain relatively a high photosynthetic activity. When heavy metal concentration was higher than the above concentration, the photosynthetic activity was inhibited. Fv/Fm , Fv/Fo , Y (Ⅱ) and qP decreased gradually with the increasing stress concentration and stress time, while Y(NO) , Y (NPQ) , and qN showed different degrees of increase. The combined stress of Cu and Zn had a synergistic effect on the photosynthetic activity. V. natans can be used for ecological restoration of polluted water with low concentration of Cu and Zn.
Universal Zero Conductivity Condition for Optical Absorption

Harnessing information and energy from light within a nanoscale mode volume is a fundamental challenge for nanophotonic applications ranging from solar photovoltaics to single photon detectors. Here, we show the existence of a universal condition in materials that sheds light on fundamental limits of electromagnetic to matter energy conversion (transduction). We show that the upper limit of absorption rate (transduction rate) in any nanoscale absorber converting light to matter degrees of freedom is revealed by the zero of optical conductivity at complex frequencies ($\sigma(\omega^\prime + i\omega^{\prime\prime})= 0$). We trace the origin of this universal zero conductivity condition to causality requirements on any passive linear response function and propose an experiment of absorption resonances using plasmonic nanoparticles to experimentally verify this universal zero conductivity condition. Our work is widely applicable to linear systems across the electromagnetic spectrum and allows for systematic optimization of optical absorption in single photon detectors, solar cells, Coherent Perfect Absorbers and SPASERS.