Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interaction effect of ruminal undegradable protein level and rumen protected CLA inclusion in diet of growing goat kid on meat CLA content and quality traits.

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of dietary rumen undegradable protein (RUP) level and rumen protected conjugated linoleic acid (rpCLA) on meat fatty acid (FA) profile, chemical compositions and color parameters of growing kids. Thirty two Kurdish goat kids (13.06±1.08 kg BW) were fed diets differing in RUP level (low = 250 vs. high = 350 g/kg of dietary CP) supplemented either with 15 g/kg rpCLA or 12 g/kg of hydrogenated soybean oil (HSO) for 80 days. Interaction of dietary rpCLA and RUP level had no effect on hot carcass weight, dressing and cut percentage and meat chemical composition and color parameters. Meat total saturated FA (SFA), monounsaturated FA (MUFA) and polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) concentrations were not influenced by experimental diets, whereas, kids fed diets supplemented with rpCLA had lower meat total SFA and higher PUFA concentrations compared to those fed diets supplemented with HSO. The concentration of meat trans-11 8:1 were not influenced by rpCLA supplementation, RUP level and their interaction. Kids fed diets containing rpCLA supplementation had higher meat total conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) and cis-9, trans-11 CLA and trans-10, cis-12 CLA isomers compared to those fed diets containing HSO supplementation. Desaturase indexes of C14, C16 and C18 were not influenced by rpCLA supplementation, RUP level and their interaction. It is concluded that supplementing growing kids diets with RUP and 15 g/kg rpCLA not only decreased meat fat content but also increased some FAs considered to be of potential benefit to human health.
Towards developing IPCC methane 'emission factors' for peatlands (organic soils).

(1) Huge reductions of carbon dioxide (CO2 and nitrous oxide (N2O) effluxes can be attained by rewetting drained peatlands, but this will increase methane (CH4) effluxes. (2) The scientific data base for methane effluxes from peatlands is much larger than that for CO2 or N2O. Once anoxic conditions are provided, the availability of fresh plant material is the major factor in methane production. Old (recalcitrant) peat plays only a subordinate role in gas efflux. (3) The annual mean water level is a surprisingly good indicator for methane effluxes, but at high water levels the cover of aerenchymous shunts (gas conductive plant tissue) becomes a better proxy. Ideally, both water level and cover of aerenchymous shunts should be assessed to arrive at robust estimates of methane effluxes. (4) The available data provide sufficient guidance for arriving at moderately accurate (Tier 1) estimates consistent with IPCC methodologies. For more accurate estimation (higher tier approaches), vegetation provides a promising basis for development of more detailed efflux factors. Vegetation is a good proxy for mean water levels and can provide - with extra attention to aerenchymous shunts - a robust proxy for accurate and spatially explicit estimates of methane effluxes over large areas.
A new approach to analysing the circulation of Iron Age coinage

FOR many decades, discussion of the function of Iron Age coinage has rested heavily on analogies with early state societies in the Mediterranean, supported by the few references to Gaulish social and economic practices in the written sources. At the same time, the lack of independent dating has inhibited research into the reasons behind particular monetary developments by drawing numismatic chronologies inexorably towards a few key historical fixed points like the Gallic war. Since the sources are mainly concerned with military and political events, this in effect prejudges the very issues we need to discuss. Only in the last few years has this problem finally begun to recede, as a result of new excavations on Iron Age settlements and sanctuaries in northern France, Germany and the Low Countries, which have allowed a revised chronology to be built up for continental Iron Age coinages based on the occurrence of specific coin types in independently dated archaeological contexts. It is now accepted, for example, that contrary to received numismatic wisdom, there was no link between the Gallic war and the introduction of potin coinage, which had in fact been in widespread use in transalpine Gaul for a least a century before the Roman invasion. This paper examines one way of using this newly-acquired archaeological evidence to investigate how the role and circulation of Iron Age coinage varied between regions and through time. In principle at least, the incidence of coin finds at different types of site should provide an indication of which sectors of Iron Age society used coinage most frequently and for what spheres of activity, although in practice the overall picture is bound to be influenced by regional variations in the settlement pattern, as well as by the history of previous
Indeterminacy : the mapped, the navigable, and the uncharted

Definitions, distinctions, and dilemmas / Jose V. Ciprut -- Indeterminacy and freedom of the will / Paul Guyer -- Indeterminacy and basic rationality / Russell Hardin -- Interpretation and indeterminacy / Aryeh Botwinick -- Reliable cribs: decipherment, learnability, and indeterminacy / Robin Clark -- Vagueness, indeterminacy, and uncertainty / Steven Gross -- Chaos, complexity, and indeterminism / Vadim Batitsky, Zoltan Domotor -- Structure and indeterminacy in dynamical systems / Zoltan Domotor -- Function and indeterminacy: brain and behavior / Ruben C. Gur, Diego Contreras, Raquel E. Gur -- Process unpredictability in deterministic systems / Haim H. Bau, Yochanan Shachmurove -- Context, choice, and issues of perceived determinism in music / Jay Reise -- History and indeterminacy: making sense of pasts imperfect / Warren Breckman -- Adaptive planning in dynamic societies: giving sense to futures conditional / Anthony Tomazinis -- Four (in)determinabilities, not one / Klaus Krippendorff -- Good God! Is every something an echo of nothing? / Jose V. Ciprut.
Influence of dietary probiotic inclusion on growth performance, nutrient utilization, ruminal fermentation activities and methane production in growing lambs

Abstract The use of two probiotic products as a means of improving in vitro and ruminal dry matter digestibility, fermentation characteristics and growth performance of Barki lambs were evaluated. The probiotic products in powder (PP) or liquid (PL) forms were produced from Ruminococcus flavefaciens, through an anaerobic fermentation process. Barki lambs (n = 30; 24.5 ± 0.5 kg body weight) were used in a completely randomized block design and randomly assigned among three experimental groups and fed for 75 days. Lambs were fed an equal amount of concentrate feed mixture with either no probiotic product (control), or with 20 g of PP, or 10 ml of PL per animal/d, with rice straw ad libitum. Both PP and PL treatments resulted in an increase (p < 0.05) in nearly all of the digestibility coefficients, nitrogen utilization, cell wall constituents, total volatile fatty acids, rumen volume, microbial nitrogen synthesis, gas production and average daily gain compared to the control group. Ruminal ammonia nitrogen, acetic acid and in vitro methane concentrations and protozoa count decreased (p < 0.03) in the treatment groups. Overall, the probiotic in a powder or liquid form increased in vitro dry matter digestibility, improved lambs daily gain and nutrient digestibility.
Association of ctDNA detection and recurrence assessment in patients with neoadjuvant treatment

The utilization of neoadjuvant therapy is progressively expanding in various clinical settings. However, the absence of a clinically validated biomarker to evaluate the treatment response remains a significant challenge in the field. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) detection, a novel and emerging monitoring approach in the field of oncology, holds promise as a potential prognostic biomarker for patients with cancer. This meta‐analysis investigated the clinical significance of ctDNA detection as a predictive tool for cancer recurrence in patients receiving neoadjuvant treatment.
Air Pollution and Mortality in Seven Million Adults: The Dutch Environmental Longitudinal Study (DUELS)

Background Long-term exposure to air pollution has been associated with mortality in urban cohort studies. Few studies have investigated this association in large-scale population registries, including non-urban populations. Objectives The aim of the study was to evaluate the associations between long-term exposure to air pollution and nonaccidental and cause-specific mortality in the Netherlands based on existing national databases. Methods We used existing Dutch national databases on mortality, individual characteristics, residence history, neighborhood characteristics, and national air pollution maps based on land use regression (LUR) techniques for particulates with an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 10 μm (PM10) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). Using these databases, we established a cohort of 7.1 million individuals ≥ 30 years of age. We followed the cohort for 7 years (2004–2011). We applied Cox proportional hazard models adjusting for potential individual and area-specific confounders. Results After adjustment for individual and area-specific confounders, for each 10-μg/m3 increase, PM10 and NO2 were associated with nonaccidental mortality [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.08; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.09 and HR = 1.03; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.03, respectively], respiratory mortality (HR = 1.13; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.17 and HR = 1.02; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.03, respectively), and lung cancer mortality (HR = 1.26; 95% CI: 1.21, 1.30 and HR = 1.10 95% CI: 1.09, 1.11, respectively). Furthermore, PM10 was associated with circulatory disease mortality (HR = 1.06; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.08), but NO2 was not (HR = 1.00; 95% CI: 0.99, 1.01). PM10 associations were robust to adjustment for NO2; NO2 associations remained for nonaccidental mortality and lung cancer mortality after adjustment for PM10. Conclusions Long-term exposure to PM10 and NO2 was associated with nonaccidental and cause-specific mortality in the Dutch population of ≥ 30 years of age. Citation Fischer PH, Marra M, Ameling CB, Hoek G, Beelen R, de Hoogh K, Breugelmans O, Kruize H, Janssen NA, Houthuijs D. 2015. Air pollution and mortality in seven million adults: the Dutch Environmental Longitudinal Study (DUELS). Environ Health Perspect 123:697–704; http://dx.doi. org/10.1289/ehp.1408254
Estimation of hydrogeological parameters and their spatial correlation structures using geophysical methods

Characterization of the near-surface requires information about hydraulic parameters. Conventional sampling or borehole techniques used for characterization are costly and invasive, and limit collection of measurements at a density needed for detailed site investigation. The purpose of this paper is to explore the use geophysical data for estimation of hydrogeological parameters and their spatial correlation structure. The first two methodologies presented focus on producing high resolution estimates of hydrological properties using densely sampled geophysical data and limited borehole data. Although we find that high resolution geophysical data are useful for obtaining these estimates, in practice they often sample only a portion of the aquifer under investigation. Stochastic simulation techniques are commonly used to generate hydrogeological values for the rest of the study volume; these techniques require as input information about the parameter's spatial covariance structure. The third and last section focuses on using high resolution tomographic data together with limited borehole data to infer the log-permeability spatial correlation structure.
Water Quality Criterion for the Protection of Human Health: Methylmercury

This document is the basis for a human health Ambient Water Quality Criterion (AWQC) for methylmercury. This AWQC replaces the AWQC for total mercury in published in 1980 and partially updated in 1997. Under Section 304(a) of the Clean Water Act, EPA must periodically revise criteria for water quality to accurately reflect the latest scientific knowledge on the kind and extent of all identifiable effects of pollutants on human health. This document uses new methods and information described in the Methodology for Deriving Ambient Water Quality Criteria for the Protection of Human Health (2000) (2000 Human Health Methodology) (US.E PA,2 000a,b). These new methods include updated approaches to determine toxicity dose-response relationships for both carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic effects, updated information for determining exposure factors, and new procedures to determine bioaccumulation factors.
Clinical and Histopathological Spectrum of Mycosis Fungoides

103 Mycosis fungoides is the most common subtype of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. It is characterized by the expansion of skin homing T-lymphocytes. It represents nearly 50% of all cutaneous lymphomas1. It is most commonly seen in the elderly, but it can also affect younger age groups2. Its clinical course is usually chronic, persistent with the progression of skin lesions from patches to plaques and in some cases tumors1,3,4.
Theory of Production: A Long-Period Analysis

1. Free competition and long-period positions 2. A one-commodity model 3. Two-commodity models 4. Models with any number of commodities 5. Choice of technique 6. Alternative descriptions of a 'technique' 7. Fixed capital models 8. Joint production 9. Models with jointly utilized machines 10. Land 11. Persistent wage and profit rate differentials 12. On limits to the long-period method 13. Production as a circular flow and the concept of surplus 14. The neoclassical theory of distribution and the problem of 'capital' 15. On some alternative theories of distribution Mathematical appendix.
The Macro Management of Commodity Booms: Africa and Latin America's Response to Asian Demand

Strong growth in China and India has led to improvements in raw-material exporting countries' terms of trade and attracted complementary finance. The long-term challenge for these countries, where institutions are often fragile, is to avoid the so-called “resource curse”. This paper aims to provide a comparative perspective between policy choices in commodity-exporting countries, contrasting the experiences of Africa and Latin America. First, it highlights global macroeconomic links between the Asian Drivers (China and India) and these regions. Second, it discusses optimal policy responses from a macroeconomic and institutional perspective. Third, it presents empirical evidence on macroeconomic, particularly fiscal responses to Dutch disease and the specialisation effects caused by Asian Drivers' demand and assesses the benefits and challenges offered by the Asian Drivers from a macro perspective for both Africa and Latin America. La forte croissance enregistree par la Chine et l'Inde a permis aux pays exportateurs de matieres premieres d'ameliorer substantiellement leurs termes de l'echange et d'enregistrer des afflux de capitaux consequents. A long terme, le defi pour ces pays, aux institutions souvent fragiles, sera d'eviter de tomber dans la trappe de la malediction des matieres premieres. Le travail ici presente se propose d'analyser de maniere comparee les reponses en matiere de politiques economiques de la part des pays qui beneficient de cette nouvelle manne, en contrastant en particulier les experiences africaines et latino-americaines. On souligne en premier lieu les liens macro-economiques entre les locomotives asiatiques (Chine et Inde) et ces deux regions. Ensuite, on discute les reponses economiques optimales face a ce choc de demande positif. Enfin, on presente les resultats empiriques et, en particulier, les reponses macroeconomiques en matiere budgetaire et commerciale des pays beneficiaires puis on evalue les benefices et les defis aussi bien pour l'Afrique que pour l'Amerique latine.
Papel de la elasticidad del tendón en la potencia muscular

Esta ponencia fue originalmente presentada durante el I Simposio Internacional en Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, Universidad de Costa Rica, en Octubre de 1994. El documento completo se incluyo en la memoria del III Simposio; ahora se coloca en este repositorio el documento completo para beneficio de los lectores. Se discute en este el papel que juega la elasticidad del tendon en la generacion de potencia muscular, la cual se ha visto que no solamente depende de la capacidad contractil de las fibras musculares.
Cooperative spectrum sensing for cognitive radios based on a PA-GABC algorithm

Spectrum sensing plays a critical role in cognitive radio networks. A good sensing scheme can reduce the false alarm probability and increase the detection probability, and thus improves utilization. In this paper, in order to avoid the defect that cooperative spectrum sensing based on Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is easy to trap into a local optimization. We propose a population adaptive Gbest-guided artificial bee colony (PA-GABC) algorithm and it is applied to cooperative spectrum sensing for cognitive radios field. Simulations are performed to compare the performance of the PA-GABC algorithm and traditional artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm. The performance of the proposed cooperative spectrum sensing method based on the PA-GABC and that of the cooperative spectrum sensing method using particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm are also compared. Results show that the proposed PA-GABC-based cooperative spectrum sensing method is efficient and stable, and it gets higher detection probability than the ABC-based method and the PSO-based method under the same probability of false alarm.
Four Climate Cycles of Recurring Deep and Surface Water Destabilizations on the Iberian Margin

Centennial climate variability over the last ice age exhibits clear bipolar behavior. High-resolution analyses of marine sediment cores from the Iberian margin trace a number of associated changes simultaneously. Proxies of sea surface temperature and water mass distribution, as well as relative biomarker content, demonstrate that this typical north-south coupling was pervasive for the cold phases of climate during the past 420,000 years. Cold episodes after relatively warm and largely ice-free periods occurred when the predominance of deep water formation changed from northern to southern sources. These results reinforce the connection between rapid climate changes at Mediterranean latitudes and century-to-millennial variability in northern and southern polar regions.
INTERPOLAÇÃO ESPACIAL DA PRECIPITAÇÃO NO ESTADO DE ALAGOAS UTILIZANDO TÉCNICAS GEOESTATÍSTICA

Este estudo teve por objetivo investigar a utilizacao de tecnicas geoestatisticas no estudo da variabilidade espacial de dados pluviometricos para Estado de Alagoas, mediante analise da dependencia espacial, variograma, tecnica de krigagem ordinaria e da validacao cruzada. Para tanto, nesta pesquisa utilizou-se o total anual medio da precipitacao de 63 estacoes pluviometricas no periodo de 1965 a 1980. A utilizacao da geoestatistica mostrou que as caracteristicas estruturais da precipitacao estao correlacionadas e apresentaram forte dependencia espacial. A distribuicao espacial da precipitacao apresentou variabilidade espacial, com totais pluviometricos que variaram de 500 mm/ano na regiao do sertao e 2.000 mm/ano no litoral. Palavras chaves: geoestatistica, krigagem, validacao cruzada, variograma.
Kentucky's Natural Heritage: An Illustrated Guide to Biodiversity

Kentucky is celebrated for its racehorses and fields of bluegrass, but even the casual observer also notices the wide range of flora and fauna found across the commonwealth. The state is home to a vast diversity of native species including black-throated green warblers, firebelly darters, lizard skin liverworts, and small yellow lady's-slippers. From the swamps along the Mississippi River to the rich mesophytic forests of the Appalachian Plateaus, the commonwealth of Kentucky hosts a variety of ecosystems, teerning with thousands of different species. "Kentucky's Natural Heritage: An Illustrated Guide to Biodiversity" provides a comprehensive analysis of the natural history of the commonwealth and showcases the state's variety of natural life. With some of the greatest levels of diversity of mussels, crayfishes, salamanders, and freshwater fishes, the national and global significance of Kentucky's aquatic systems are highlighted in this book. Each region contributes to the wealth of its natural heritage and inspires the protection of Kentucky's unique biodiversity. This anthology is a valuable and enduring guide to the extraordinary natural diversity of the commonwealth. Featuring more than 250 color photos, maps, and charts, "Kentucky's Natural Heritage" offers a lavishly illustrated, environmentally focused, and lasting account of the biodiversity found in the Bluegrass State. This is a lavishly illustrated, environmentally focused account of the Bluegrass State's biodiversity.
EEC 216 Winter 2008 Design Project #1

Part 1.1 Specification: The goal for this design project is to apply the circuit techniques, architectures, and clocking methodologies discussed in class to a specific application. Your assignment is to implement a 32 bit adder for a signal processing datapath. The performance constraint is fixed at 100 MHz, i.e. new inputs must be accepted every 10 ns and a new sum must be produced every 10 ns. You may pipeline the system if you wish. Choose an architecture, logic style, clocking scheme (if you wish) and power supply voltage to minimize the power consumption while meeting the performance constraint. Your supply voltage will likely be somewhere between 200 mV and 400 mV, well into the subthreshold regime of operation for our example CMOS process. You may use either the low power or high performance 45 nm model files and the file macros.sp to specify the transistors for the simulation. The design must meet the following specifications:
Machine Learning with Optical Phase Signatures for Phenotypic Profiling of Cell Lines

Robust and reproducible profiling of cell lines is essential for phenotypic screening assays. The goals of this study were to determine robust and reproducible optical phase signatures of cell lines for classification with machine learning and to correlate optical phase parameters to motile behavior. Digital holographic microscopy (DHM) reconstructed phase maps of cells from two pairs of cancer and non‐cancer cell lines. Seventeen image parameters were extracted from each cell's phase map, used for linear support vector machine learning, and correlated to scratch wound closure and Boyden chamber chemotaxis. The classification accuracy was between 90% and 100% for the six pairwise cell line comparisons. Several phase parameters correlated with wound closure rate and chemotaxis across the four cell lines. The level of cell confluence in culture affected phase parameters in all cell lines tested. Results indicate that optical phase features of cell lines are a robust set of quantitative data of potential utility for phenotypic screening and prediction of motile behavior. © 2019 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry