Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Populism for the ambivalent: anti-polarization and support for Ukraine’s Sluha Narodu party

ABSTRACT Volodymyr Zelensky and his party Sluha Narodu won Ukraine’s 2019 presidential and parliamentary elections after espousing populist rhetoric. Yet their brand of populism diverged from the far left, the far right, and the center. We propose that Zelensky and Sluha Narodu campaigned as “anti-polarization” populists, drawing on opposition to pre-existing polarization in the Ukrainian political establishment while capitalizing on weak party identification among Ukrainian voters. We utilize electoral results, data from a survey carried out immediately prior to the 2019 parliamentary elections, and interviews to identify Sluha Narodu’s sources of support. We find Sluha Narodu’s supporters were more likely to hold moderately strong or neutral opinions on key issues in Ukrainian politics and to mix both the Russian and Ukrainian languages in their daily lives. Interviews suggest these voters valued character in choosing Sluha Narodu over what were conventionally understood to be salient issues in Ukrainian politics.
Evaluation of seroprevalence and associated risk factors of Toxoplasmosis in sheep and goats in District Jhang-Pakistan

Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic infection caused by a pathogenic protozoan, Toxoplasma gondii, responsible for huge economic and health losses in developing countries. The current study was conducted to assess the seroprevalence of Toxoplasmosis and associated risk factors in sheep and goats in District Jhang, Punjab, Pakistan. Blood samples (n=400) were collected from both genders of goats (n=219) and sheep (n=181) from four Tehsils of District Jhang alongwith a comprehensive questionnaire to evaluate the risk factors associated with the disease endemicity and spread. For assessing the seroprevalence, the samples were examined using Latex agglutination test. Additional data regarding hygienic conditions, water source, gender, breed, age of animal was also collected on a predesigned questionnaire. The overall seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii was found 34.25% (137/400) in District Jhang. Higher seroprevalence was recorded in goats {36.52% (80/219)} as compared to sheep {31.49% (57/181)}, however, it was non-significant (p>0.05). Gender-wise seroprevalence was found 32.59% (44/135) and 35.09% (93/265) in male and female animals, respectively (p>0.05). Further, the association of Toxoplasmosis between different age groups was significantly higher in older animals having age >24 months 42.75% (62/145) than younger animals with age <12 months 26.60% (29/109) and 11-24 months 31.50% (46/146) (p<0.05). The seroprevalence was also higher 40.81% (80/196) in animals drinking water from outdoor water source than in animals drinking from indoor water source 27.94% (57/204) (p<0.05). Moreover, seroprevalence was significantly higher 43.11% (97/225) in animals kept in vicinity of cats than in absence of cats 22.85% (40/175) (p<0.05). However, reproductive status, breeds, flock size had non-significant impact on the prevalence of T. gondii. Thus, it is concluded that the presence of cats near animals, larger flock size, older age of animals, and poor hygienic conditions are main risk factors of Toxoplasmosis in sheep and goats and these could be a potential threat of infection for livestock industry and public health.
MODELLING THE EFFECT OF SELECTED FACTORS OF VIA-THE-TOP CONTENT (OTT) SERVICES IN KENYA

Purpose: The goal of this research was to develop a model for the impact of several factors on OTT adoption in Kenya. Materials and Methods: This study employed an explanatory research technique. The target population for this study was limited to 23076 subscribers, who were the active subscribers of Viusasa as of December 2018. Simple random sampling was used to sample form the target population. Data collection was done through a structured questionnaire, which was both in soft and hard copy. Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS v25.0) was utilized to analyze the responses received from the questionnaire. The study generated and used averages, frequencies, and percentages to present the analysis. Results: The findings revealed that individual factors (β=0.326, p=0.000), technological factors (β=0.268, p=0.000), organizational factors (users) (β=0.166, p=0.000) and environmental factors (users) (β=0.270, p=0.000) have a positive and significant relationship with the adoption of OTTs in Kenya. Pay TV providers and broadcasting stations that are providing or purpose to provide OTT services to focus on the key individual factors that lead to the adoption of OTT services. Based on the multiple regression findings, the null hypotheses were rejected since the P values were less than 0.05 and thus, there is a significant effect individual factors, technological factors, organizational factors and environmental factors on the adoption of OTT services in Kenya is not statistically significant. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study findings indicate that the theory of diffusion is applicable to the study of factors influencing the adoption of OTT. Pay TV providers and broadcasting stations that were providing or purposed to provide OTT services are encouraged to focus on the key individual factors that lead to the adoption of OTT services. The understandings assisted on the providers improving their relationship with the users and have a bigger market even in terms of the customer base. Telecom operators in Kenya are encouraged to develop competitive OTT services to gain a competitive advantage over the present OTTs’ players.
An Adaptive Demodulation Band Segmentation Method to Optimize Spectral Boundary and Its Application for Wheelset-Bearing Fault Detection

Wheelset-bearing working states directly affect the stability of bogies, and existing defects may threaten the running safety of high-speed trains. Thus, the fault detection of wheelset bearing is of great importance. In this article, a novel wheelset-bearing fault detection method, named adaptive autocorrelated kurtogram (AAK), is proposed based on the developed autocorrelated kurtosis and the presented spectral segmentation method. Autocorrelated kurtosis is designed to reduce the unrelated component’s interference and increase the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The spectral segmentation method is proposed to obtain the fault zone as completely as possible. Based on the feature that rotation frequency is related to bearing fault frequency, the rotation frequency-based window size selection and extension strategy is proposed. With different frequency levels, the AAK is formed. The proposed method is validated by simulated and experimental data. The results show that this method can automatically and adaptively search for a reasonable demodulation bandwidth according to the fault information feature and resonance region position. The method can estimate the center frequency and bandwidth and avoid unrelated component interference. The AAK can provide accurate detection results and possesses excellent performance. Thus, it is suitable for wheelset-bearing fault detection.
Wide variability in osmolality of reconstituted powdered oral rehydration salts due to disparity in the method of preparation among Indian consumers

Oral rehydration salts (ORS) powder must be reconstituted accurately with water before consumption to avoid incorrect concentration (recommended osmolality: 245 mOsmol/kg). A consumer behavior study was conducted to understand the process of preparing ORS solution by respondents/caregivers; thereafter, the prepared solutions were tested for osmolarity. Respondents/caregivers ( n = 120) from Bengaluru and Pune, who were prescribed ORS from three different brands, either in small (4.2–4.4 g in 200 ml water) or large sachets (21–21.8 g in 1,000 ml water) in the past 3 weeks, were enrolled. The quantity of water and powder, type of water, size of the ORS sachet, and preparation method were recorded. Prepared ORS solutions were tested for osmolality using the United States Pharmacopeia method <785>. Recorded osmolality showed wide variability, ranging from 30 to 1,331 mOsmol/kg. The majority of prepared ORS solutions (52/120, 43%) were >310 mOsmol/kg; 35/120 (29.16%) were in the range of 200–310 mOsmol/kg, and only 17/120 (14.16%) were in the reduced osmolality range of 210–268 mOsmol/kg. The volume of water and quantity of powder used ranged between 100–1,000 ml and 1.38–23 g, respectively. Respondents/caregivers reconstituted the powdered ORS as per their own preferences, regardless of labeled instructions. Reconstitution variations led to a deviation in the resulting osmolality of the ORS solution from the recommended value of 245 mOsmol/kg. Respondents/caregivers should be counseled on the correct method of reconstituting ORS powder and the potential adverse effect of incorrect concentration of ORS, if not prepared as per the labeled instructions.
The Euso Simulation and Analysis Framework

ESAF is the simulation and analysis software framework developed for the EUSO experiment. ESAF's scope is the whole process of data simulations and data-analysis, from the primary particle interaction in atmosphere to the reconstruction of the event. Based on the ROOT package and designed using Object Oriented technology, ESAF is organized in two main programs: the full montecarlo simulation and the reconstruction framework. The former includes all the relevant physical contributions, shower development in atmosphere, light transport to the detector pupil and detector response, while the latter comprises basic data cleaning, track direction, shower prole and energy reconstruction algorithms. Here we describe the software architecture and its main features. In order to achieve a larger geometrical aperture an alternative and complementary approach to ground based experiment has been proposed for the rst time by John Linsley more than 20 years ago. An EAS can be detected by observing the uorescence light emitted by atmospheric nitrogen. In fact, instead of looking at this UV light from ground, the same signal can be watched from above, using a space-borne telescope on orbit around the earth. The uorescence light is produced isotropically and, at any depth in the shower, is proportional to the number of charged particles. The iExtreme Universe Space Observatory - EUSOi (1) was proposed as free-ier satellite in winter 1999. EUSO was accepted for an Accommodation Study on the ISS (end 2000) and then approved for Phase A (study report and conceptual design), successfully completed in summer 2004. ESAF, the EUSO Simulation and Analysis Framework, has been developed during the EUSO Phase A study as the full End-to-end simulation and analysis chain, from the simulation of the primary particle interaction in atmosphere, to the transport of light to the EUSO optical pupil, to the detector response simulation and nally to the reconstruction and the physical analysis. We designed ESAF so that each one of the above steps could be run individually and independently from the other ones. With this approach it is possible to run the same reconstruction and analysis code for the real data and for the simulated ones. Moreover, it is also possible to run single parts of this chain and check quantitatively the differences between different congurations of the detector or different approximations for the physical processes involved. Therefore ESAF is easily adaptable to any space-borne detector design. ESAF consists of a simulation package and a reconstruction package, is written in C++ and based on the ROOT
Biomimetic Implant Surfaces and Their Role in Biological Integration—A Concise Review

Background: The increased use of dental implants in oral rehabilitation has been followed by the development of new biomaterials as well as improvements in the performance of biomaterials already in use. This triggers the need for appropriate analytical approaches to assess the biological and, ultimately, clinical benefits of these approaches. Aims: To address the role of physical, chemical, mechanical, and biological characteristics in order to determine the critical parameters to improve biological responses and the long-term effectiveness of dental implant surfaces. Data sources and methods: Web of Science, MEDLINE and Lilacs databases were searched for the last 30 years in English, Spanish and Portuguese idioms. Results: Chemical composition, wettability, roughness, and topography of dental implant surfaces have all been linked to biological regulation in cell interactions, osseointegration, bone tissue and peri-implant mucosa preservation. Conclusion: Techniques involving subtractive and additive methods, especially those involving laser treatment or embedding of bioactive nanoparticles, have demonstrated promising results. However, the literature is heterogeneous regarding study design and methodology, which limits comparisons between studies and the definition of the critical determinants of optimal cell response.
Comparative Evaluation of Apically Extruded Debris during Pulpectomy Procedure in Primary Molar Teeth Using Two Different Rotary Systems and Hand Files: An In Vitro Study

Background Successful outcome of endodontic treatment depends on chemomechanical preparation of the tooth. However, during canal preparation, debris may extrude through the apical foramen causing postoperative complications. The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the amount of apically extruded debris during the pulpectomy procedure in primary molar teeth using two different rotary files and hand files. Materials and Methods Distal roots of sixty extracted primary molars were divided into three groups: group A: Prime Pedo™ pediatric rotary files, group B: DXL-Pro Pedo™ pediatric rotary files, and group C: hand files. Myers and Montgomery experimental model was used. Preweighed Eppendorf tubes were used to collect apically extruded debris. The tubes were then placed in an incubator at 70°C for 5 days. The weight of the debris attained was determined. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and post hoc Bonferroni test. Results Hand files produced more apical debris extrusion (P < 0.05). Prime Pedo™ pediatric rotary files produced the least debris (P < 0.05). Conclusion Prime Pedo™ and DXL-Pro Pedo™ pediatric rotary files extruded significantly lower amount of debris apically during pulpectomy as compared to hand files. Rotary files can be considered an alternative to hand files in pediatric endodontics.
Electronic temperature effect on the optical properties of spheroidal metal nanoparticles

The effect of the electron temperature on both the light absorption and the scattering by metal nanoparticles (MNs) with excitation of the surface plasmon electron vibrations are studied in the framework of the kinetic theory. The formulae for the electroconductivity and polarisability tensors are derived for finite temperatures of an electron gas. The electrical conductivity and the halfwidth of the surface plasmon resonance are studied in detail for a spherical MN. Depending on the size of MN, the efficiencies of the light absorption and scattering with temperature changing are investigated. It is found, in particular, that the absorption efficiency can not only increased with a temperature decreasing, but decreases as well. Derived formulas allow to calculate analytically the various optical and transport phenomena for MNs with any spheroidal shape embedded in any dielectric media.
Contraception utilization in women with pregestational diabetes

Abstract Objective To compare contraception use between women with and without pregestational diabetes. Methods Cross-sectional data on women aged 18–44 years from 2011 to 2017 National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG) was analysed. Maternal diabetes was defined as the presence of pre-gestational type 1 or type 2 diabetes. Bivariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were run to evaluate the association between the use of contraception and by contraception type: permanent, long-acting reversible contraception (LARC), other hormonal method, other non-hormonal method, and none, and maternal diabetes status, controlling for relevant covariates. Results Among the total study sample of 28,454, 1344 (4.7%) had pregestational diabetes. Unadjusted analysis showed women with a history of pregestational diabetes were more likely to use permanent contraception following pregnancy (58.0% vs. 38.7%, p < 0.001) or no contraception (27.2% vs. 24.5%, p < 0.001), but less likely to use LARC (3.4% vs. 11.7%, p < 0.001), other hormonal contraception (4.1% vs. 8.9%, p < 0.001), or other non-hormonal contraception (7.2% vs. 16.4%, p < 0.001). In adjusted analyses, permanent (aOR 1.62, 95% CI 0.72–2.26) remained significant, however the differences were no longer statistically significant: LARC (aOR 0.34, 95% CI 0.12–1.00); other hormonal (aOR 0.61, 95% CI 0.27–1.35); other non-hormonal (aOR 0.59, 95% CI 0.25–1.43); and None (aOR 1.11, 95% CI 0.65–1.89). Conclusion In this analysis, we found that women with pregestational diabetes were more likely to use permanent contraception methods compared to women without pregestational diabetes; however over a quarter of women with pregestational diabetes did not use contraception between pregnancies.
The ? - general fading distribution

—This paper presents a general fading distribution, the ‚ – „ Distribution. The ‚ ¡ „ Distribution includes the Hoyt, the Nakagami-m, the Rayleigh, and the One-Sided Gaussian distributions as special cases. Field measurement campaigns have been used to validate this new distributions. It has been observed that their ﬁtting to experimental data outperforms that provided by the widely known fading distributions such as Rayleigh, Nakagami-m
Pandemic in Indonesian older people: The implication for sleep deprivation, loss of appetite, and psychosomatic complaints

Background : During the COVID-19 pandemic, many individuals were concerned about being infected. Meanwhile, the elderly felt isolated due to the detrimental effect on their mental and physical health. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the mental health issues suffered by the elderly during the COVID-19 pandemic. The most frequent mental health issues assessed are sleep deprivation, loss of appetite, and psychosomatic complaints.Method : This is a descriptive-analytic study using a cross-sectional approach to find the mental health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The population consists of 259 older adults (≥60 years) living in West Java and Jakarta.Results : The average age of study participants is 65.3 years old (±6.8SD range 60–89 years old). The multivariable logistic regression model showed that sleep deprivation is signifantly associated with non-college education background (OR=2.28;95%CI; 1.23-4.61), anxiety (OR=7.09; 95%CI; 3.57-14.08), and the existence of chronic illness (OR=2.75; 95%CI; 1.44 -5.26). Subsequently, the psychosomatic symptom was associated with anxiety (OR=5.27; 95%CI; 2.75 -10.11) and chronic illness (OR=2.80; 95%CI; 1.47 -5.32). Loss appetite was associated with non-college education background (OR=2.50; 95%CI; 1.16-5.41), anxiety (OR=10.41; 95%CI; 5.01-21.63), and the existence of chronic illness (OR=3.60; 95%CI; 1.72-7.55). The analysis showed that none of the COVID-19 related fear is associated with a sleep disorder, loss of appetite, and psychosomatic symptoms.Conclussion : A psychosocial approach is necessary to reduce the mental health issues during the Covid-19 Pandemic, focusing on anxiety management and assisting those with chronic diseases and low education.
Treating Volitional Elimination Disorders in a Healthy Adult: Applying Cognitive Behavioral Principles in the Absence of Treatment Guidelines

Elimination disorders are common in children, and numerous psychosocial treatments for pediatric enuresis and encopresis are available to guide clinicians. However, only five cases of functional elimination disorders in adults are published to date, all of which involve severe comorbid psychopathology, and no treatment guidelines for adult elimination disorders exist. This case report presents, to our knowledge, the first documented case of functional elimination disorder in an otherwise healthy, high-functioning adult. “Ben” is a 20-year-old male who sought treatment for chronic enuresis and encopresis, as well as difficulties with procrastination of schoolwork. Ben engaged in 21 weeks of cognitive behavioral therapy and reported substantial decreases in elimination disorder symptoms. However, improvements fluctuated throughout treatment and remained present at mild levels at 3-month follow-up. This report outlines the cognitive behavioral interventions applied throughout this treatment, which consisted of pediatric elimination disorder interventions adapted for an adult with additional cognitive behavioral tools.
Parameterize Urban Design Codes with BIM and Object-Oriented Programming

There has been a significant need for the new urban design apparatus that carries out performance analyses of the urban models, since the code reform movements focused on the sustainable urban developments. This research explores the use of parametric Building Information Modeling to enable stakeholders to intuitively understand the implications and consequences of urban design codes. We investigate whether key regulations can be captured as algorithms and ontologies in parametric BIM and ObjectOriented Programming. Then we present our prototype of parametric urban models in a BIM platform that explains (1) the extent which urban design code information can be parameterized in BIM and (2) the methods how parametric models can hold code information. The results show that our prototype enables real-time manipulations of code requirements and interactive visualization of code allowances.
A convergent algorithm for ranking and selection with censored observations

Abstract We consider a problem of Ranking and Selection in the presence of Censored Observations (R&S-CO). An observation within the interval defined by lower and upper limits is observed at the actual value, whereas an observation outside the interval takes the closer limit value. The censored sample average is thus a biased estimator for the true mean performance of each alternative. The goal of R&S-CO is to efficiently find the best alternative in terms of the true mean. We first derive the censored variable’s mean and variance in terms of the mean and variance of the uncensored variable and the lower and upper limits, and then develop a sequential sampling algorithm. Under mild conditions, we prove that the algorithm is consistent, in the sense that the best can be identified almost surely, as the sampling budget goes to infinity. Moreover, we show that the asymptotic allocation converges to the optimal static allocation derived by the large deviations theory. Extensive numerical experiments are conducted to investigate the finite-budget performance, the asymptotic allocation, and the robustness of the algorithm.
KEY DIGITAL GAME CHANGERS SHAPING THE FUTURE OF FORESTRY IN 2040 VIEWS FROM DESIRA’S RURAL DIGITALISATION FORUM EXPERTS

This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 818194 Disclaimer: The content of this document does not reflect the official opinion of the European Union. Responsibility for the information and views expressed therein lies entirely with the author(s). KEY DIGITAL GAME CHANGERS SHAPING THE FUTURE OF FORESTRY IN 2040