Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Responses of Combined Non-starch Polysaccharide Enzymes and Protease on Growth Performance, Meat Quality, and Nutrient Digestibility of Yellow-Feathered Broilers Fed With Diets With Different Crude Protein Levels

The aim of this study was to investigate the responses of non-starch polysaccharide (NSP) enzymes and protease combination on growth performance, meat quality, and nutrients digestibility of yellow-feathered broilers fed with corn-soybean meal basal diets with normal and subnormal crude protein (CP) levels. The experimental design was completely randomized with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments, including six replicates of 20 birds per pen. Two basal diets were formulated with normal CP level as positive control (PC) and subnormal CP level without extra essential amino acid (AA) supplementation as negative control (NC). The basal diets were supplemented without or with NSP enzymes and protease. Broilers fed with the NC diet had lower (P < 0.05) final body weight (BW), average daily weight gain (ADG) on days 1–21, 22–56 and 1–56 and higher (P < 0.05) feed-to-gain ratio (F/G) on day 22–56 than those fed with PC diet. The broilers fed with the NC diet had higher (P < 0.05) L* and b* values in thigh muscle, crypt depth in the duodenum, and dry matter (DM) digestibility as well as lower (P < 0.05) villus height, musculature thicknesses, and villus height: crypt depth in the duodenum than those fed with the PC diet. Dietary NSP enzymes and protease combination increased (P < 0.05) the ADG and F/G of the broilers on days 1–56, and pH values in breast and thigh muscles as well as the digestibility of DM, gross energy (GE), CP and most AAs of the broilers on day 56. Compared with the PC diet, the combination of NSP enzymes and protease exhibited greater (P < 0.05) improvements in the digestibility of DM, CP, and some AAs (Asp, Ile, and Leu) in the broilers fed with the NC diet. In conclusion, reducing CP diet without essential AA supplementation impaired the growth performance and meat color of the thigh muscles of the broilers. The combination of NSP enzymes and protease effectively improved the growth performance, meat quality, and nutritional values of the broilers. In terms of the digestibility of DM, CP, and some AAs, the magnitude of response to the addition of NSP enzymes and protease was greater in the low nutritional-quality diet with a subnormal CP level.
image2data: An R package to turn images in data sets

Data visualization is an essential and powerful tool to generate hypotheses, uncover patterns, and disseminate ﬁndings. It is crucial that introductory statistics courses train students to become critical authors and consumers of data visualization. Ludic data sets might help teaching statistics to students by making graphics more enjoyable, using images as instantaneous feedback, encouraging to discover hidden patterns, and reducing their focus on traditional hypothesis testing. Those data sets that have hidden images can be diﬃcult to come by for teachers. These considerations have led to the development of a package that could easily create data sets from images for educational purposes. The purpose of this study is to present image2data , an R package that generates data sets from images. In this study, we show how to install the package, explain the basic arguments, and show three examples on how it can be used for teaching. Future studies could evaluate the effectiveness and motivation generated by using hidden images in data sets. Our hope is that by using hidden image in data sets, students will be inspired to decrypt data sets and discover the unexpected.
Effects of ‘step-like’ amplitude-modulation on a pulsed capacitively coupled RF discharge: an experimental investigation

We present measurements of the time evolution of plasma and electrical parameters in a pulsed capacitively coupled argon discharge operated at a radio frequency of 12.5 MHz, whose amplitude is ‘step-up’ and ‘step-down’ modulated. The ‘step-up (-down)’ amplitude-modulated waveform consists of three segments, i.e., a low (high)-voltage, a high (low)-voltage, and a zero-voltage stage. Here, we focus on the effect of the ratio (ζ = V L/V H ⩽ 1) of the low-(V L) to high-voltage (V H) amplitude (measured at the end of the respective segment) on the time evolution of discharge parameters. We monitor the behavior of the discharge by measuring (i) the optical emission intensity (OEI) of a selected Ar-I spectral line, (ii) the electron density at the center of the plasma (using a hairpin probe) as well as (iii) the electrical characteristics (by voltage and current probes). It is found that at relatively large ζ (i.e., at low disparity between the two voltage amplitudes), for both the ‘step-up’ and ‘step-down’ cases, these parameters evolve relatively smoothly with time upon changing the voltage amplitude, and the ignition process strongly depends on the duration of the zero-voltage period. At low ζ (i.e., at high disparity between the voltage amplitudes), an abnormal evolution of the parameters can be observed during the low-voltage period for both cases. Specifically, the voltage amplitude and the modulus of the system impedance increase to a higher value, while the relative phase, φ vi, between the voltage and the current approaches 90°, resulting in a reduction of the power deposition and the OEI. The enhanced voltage amplitude decreases to a steady-state value, accompanied by a decline of φ vi, and an abnormal increase of the current amplitude and the electron density after some time, of which the duration increases with the decrease of ζ. The ζ-dependent evolution of the electron density during the low-voltage period was found to significantly affect the subsequent ignition process and electron power absorption mode at the beginning of the high-voltage period.
WFC3 SMOV Program 11798: UVIS PSF Core Modulation

The image quality analysis carried out during the third thermal-vacuum campaign (TV3) revealed that vibrations of the UVIS shutter cause changes in the width and in the central pixel flux of point sources in short exposures. During the Servicing Mission Observatory Verification (May-August 2009) we observed the flux standard star GD153 with a series of 0.5 sec, 1.0 sec, 3.0 sec, 10.0 sec and 20.0 sec exposures to investigate the impact of the shutter vibration on data acquired in orbit. Our analysis shows that in the very short exposures (<3.0-10.0 sec) the PSF is significantly degraded, but that the flux is preserved.
MitoTEMPOL Inhibits ROS-Induced Retinal Vascularization Pattern by Modulating Autophagy and Apoptosis in Rat-Injected Streptozotocin Model

Diabetic retinopathy leads to retinal malfunction, blindness, and reduced quality of life in adult diabetes patients. The involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulation stimulated by high blood glucose levels opens the opportunity for ROS modulator agents such as MitoTEMPOL. This study aims to explore the effect of MitoTEMPOL on ROS balance that may be correlated with retinal vascularization pattern, autophagy, and apoptosis in a streptozotocin-induced rat model. Four groups of male Wistar rats (i.e., control, TEMPOL (100 mg/kg body weight [BW]), diabetic (streptozotocin, 50 mg/kg BW single dose), and diabetic + TEMPOL; n = 5 for each group) were used in the study. MitoTEMPOL was given for 5 weeks, followed by funduscopy, and gene and protein expression were explored from the rat’s retina. Streptozotocin injection decreased bodyweight and increased food and water intake, as well as fasting blood glucose. The results showed that MitoTEMPOL reduced retinal vascularization pattern and decreased superoxide dismutase gene expression and protein carbonyl, caspase 3, and caspase 9 protein levels. A modulation of autophagy in diabetes that was reversed in the diabetic + TEMPOL group was found. In conclusion, MitoTEMPOL modulation on autophagy and apoptosis contributes to its role as a potent antioxidant to prevent diabetic retinopathy by inhibiting ROS-induced retinal vascularization patterns.
The Role of Platelet-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Immune-Mediated Thrombosis

Platelet-derived extracellular vesicles (PEVs) play important roles in hemostasis and thrombosis. There are three major types of PEVs described based on their size and characteristics, but newer types may continue to emerge owing to the ongoing improvement in the methodologies and terms used to define various types of EVs. As the literature on EVs is growing, there are continuing attempts to standardize protocols for EV isolation and reach consensus in the field. This review provides information on mechanisms of PEV production, characteristics, cellular interaction, and their pathological role, especially in autoimmune and infectious diseases. We also highlight the mechanisms through which PEVs can activate parent cells in a feedback loop.
Effects of Pulsatile Flow Rate and Shunt Ratio in Bifurcated Distal Arteries on Hemodynamic Characteristics Involved in Two Patient-Specific Internal Carotid Artery Sidewall Aneurysms: A Numerical Study

The pulsatile flow rate (PFR) in the cerebral artery system and shunt ratios in bifurcated arteries are two patient-specific parameters that may affect the hemodynamic characteristics in the pathobiology of cerebral aneurysms, which needs to be identified comprehensively. Accordingly, a systematic study was employed to study the effects of pulsatile flow rate (i.e., PFR−I, PFR−II, and PFR−III) and shunt ratio (i.e., 75:25 and 64:36) in bifurcated distal arteries, and transient cardiac pulsatile waveform on hemodynamic patterns in two internal carotid artery sidewall aneurysm models using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling. Numerical results indicate that larger PFRs can cause higher wall shear stress (WSS) in some local regions of the aneurysmal dome that may increase the probability of small/secondary aneurysm generation than under smaller PFRs. The low WSS and relatively high oscillatory shear index (OSI) could appear under a smaller PFR, increasing the potential risk of aneurysmal sac growth and rupture. However, the variances in PFRs and bifurcated shunt ratios have rare impacts on the time-average pressure (TAP) distributions on the aneurysmal sac, although a higher PFR can contribute more to the pressure increase in the ICASA−1 dome due to the relatively stronger impingement by the redirected bloodstream than in ICASA−2. CFD simulations also show that the variances of shunt ratios in bifurcated distal arteries have rare impacts on the hemodynamic characteristics in the sacs, mainly because the bifurcated location is not close enough to the sac in present models. Furthermore, it has been found that the vortex location plays a major role in the temporal and spatial distribution of the WSS on the luminal wall, varying significantly with the cardiac period.
Surgical management in hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumour thrombosis: is this the end of the road or a chance to expand the criteria for resectability?

Portal vein thrombosis is a common complication associated with malignancies such as hepatocellular carcinoma, with a dismal and negative impact on prognosis. A thorough literature search in Pubmed and Google Scholar, under the terms ‘hepatocellular carcinoma AND portal vein thrombosis’, regarding the surgical management of portal vein thrombosis was conducted by the authors, and the associated results are presented in this narrative review. Precise classification of portal vein thrombosis and identification of subgroups of patients that will benefit from surgery is of paramount importance. Evolution of novel surgical techniques in liver resection and associated low morbidity and mortality rates in specialized hepatobiliary centres worldwide have been linked with promising results from the adoption of surgical management in these patients, when compared to systemic chemotherapy or arterial chemoembolization management that has traditionally been followed in such cases.
The Factors, Effects, and Treatments of Parenting Styles on Young Adolescents’ Academic Achievements

Research suggests that parenting styles have a substantial effect on the development of teenagers. The most significant relationship a person can have been the connection between parents and their children. This article reviewed the relationship between parenting styles and adolescents’ academic achievements. Several studies indicated that an authoritative parenting style has a positive correlation with a higher level of school achievement. The current study reviewed the reasons from three different dimensions that cause parents to have different parenting styles and given definitions and examples to explain the extent of the impact. Finally, treatments for what parents and teenagers can do to improve school achievements were summarized. This study provided a broad picture of how parents affect their children's academic achievement.
Bone Apposition in the Mandibular Angle in Adult Patients Diagnosed with Bruxism: a Digital Panoramic Based Study

Background: Bruxism is defined as a movement disorder of the masticatory system leading to serious problem in the integrity of the oral dentition; it is characterized by teeth grinding and clenching and has been typically classified into three types: a) bruxism occurring during sleep, b) awake-related bruxism, and c) mixed sleep/awake-related bruxism. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess any bone apposition in the mandibular angle in a group of adult patients diagnosed with bruxism using digital panoramic radiographs. Methods: In the sample of 150 digital panoramic radiographs of 66 women and 84 men with an age range of 24-78 years and diagnosed with bruxism were evaluated. Results: Among the 300 mandibular angles evaluated, 156 (52%) showed bone apposition against 144 (48%) who did not. Conclusion: The changes in the mandibular angle, especially bone apposition, can help diagnosing long term bruxism on panoramic radiographs.
Precise Marketing Classification of Agricultural Products for E-Commerce Live Broadcast Platform Using Clustering

Live delivery of goods is a novel type of marketing model that has injected new vitality into the development of agricultural e-commerce. It is only in the last few years that live streaming has become a popular e-commerce marketing approach. Agriculture e-commerce in China has a new lease on life thanks to the advent of a new marketing model. This article comprehensively surveys the live broadcast delivery models in the e-commerce era. The comprehensive survey includes the significance and current state of the live broadcast delivery models and identifies the factors impeding the integration and development of agricultural products. The review includes the new marketing model of live broadcast delivery and makes pertinent recommendations. The article presents a novel model for precise marketing classification of agricultural products for e-commerce live broadcast platforms using clustering. Moreover, this article uses customer development space to achieve precise marketing for the e-commerce live broadcast platform. The article enhances K-means with local density and information entropy and proposes an improved TFA customer segmentation method. The results demonstrate that the proposed method is capable of efficiently classifying customers, accurately reflecting their value, and optimizing the algorithm’s efficiency by optimizing the clustering technique.
A modified interdigital EBG reflector for wireless body area network applications

A modified, compact, and via‐less interdigital electromagnetic band gap cell intended for wearable application at medical body area network (MBAN), and Wi‐Fi bands is reported in this article. The reflection phase of the proposed EBG unit cell is then investigated to design a reflector consisting of 3 × 2 array of EBG cells for an efficient radiation of a planar monopole antenna. The size and shape of the EBG unit cell has been designed in such a way that it achieves 0° reflection phase with minimum dimension of 14.3 and 15.34 mm along x‐axis and y‐axis, respectively. Subsequently, the surface wave rejection ability of the EBG incorporated ground plane is also studied and presented in this article. A planar monopole antenna incorporating the proposed EBG reflector at MBAN frequency exhibits gain, and efficiency of 6.4 dB, and 95%, respectively, and has net dimension of 34 mm × 55 mm × 4.67 mm along x‐axis, y‐axis, and z‐axis, respectively. Finally, specific absorption rate (SAR) analysis carried out for one layer, homogenous model, and three‐layer, heterogeneous model, shows a considerable reduction in SAR values for 0.5 W of power fed to the antenna. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated through good agreement between the simulated and the experimental results.
Insights of Host Physiological Parameters and Gut Microbiome of Indian Type 2 Diabetic Patients Visualized via Metagenomics and Machine Learning Approaches

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a serious public health issue and may also contribute to modification in the structure of the intestinal microbiota, implying a link between T2D and microbial inhabitants in the digestive tract. This work aimed to develop efficient models for identifying essential physiological markers for improved T2D classification using machine learning algorithms. Using amplicon metagenomic approaches, an effort has also been made to understand the alterations in core gut microbial members in Indian T2D patients with respect to their control normal glucose tolerance (NGT). Our data indicate the level of fasting blood glucose (FBG) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were the most useful physiological indicators while random forest and support vector machine with RBF Kernel were effective predictions models for identifications of T2D. The dominating gut microbial members Allopreotella, Rikenellaceae RC9 gut group, Haemophilus, Ruminococcus torques group, etc. in Indian T2D patients showed a strong association with both FBG and HbA1c. These members have been reported to have a crucial role in gut barrier breakdown, blood glucose, and lipopolysaccharide level escalation, or as biomarkers. While the dominant NGT microbiota (Akkermansia, Ligilactobacillus, Enterobacter, etc.) in the colon has been shown to influence inflammatory immune responses by acting as an anti-inflammatory agent and maintaining the gut barrier. The topology study of co-occurrence network analysis indicates that changes in network complexity in T2D lead to variations in the different gut microbial members compared to NGT. These studies provide a better understanding of the gut microbial diversity in Indian T2D patients and show the way for the development of valuable diagnostics strategies to improve the prediction and modulation of the T2D along with already established methods.
Multi-Criteria Service Selection Agent for Federated Cloud

— Federated cloud interconnects small and medium-sized cloud service providers for service enhancement to meet demand spikes. The service bartering technique in the federated cloud enables service providers to exchange their services. Selecting an optimal service provider to share services is challenging in the cloud federation. Agent-based and Reciprocal Resource Fairness (RRF) based models are used in the federated cloud for service selection. The agent-based model selects the best service provider using Quality of Service (quality of service). RRF model chooses fair service providers based on service providers' previous service contribution to the federation. However, the models mentioned above fail to address free rider and poor performer problems during the service provider selection process. To solve the above issue, we propose a Multi-criteria Service Selection (MCSS) algorithm for effectively selecting a service provider using quality of service, Performance-Cost Ratio (PCR), and RRF. Comprehensive case studies are conducted to prove the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. Extensive simulation experiments are conducted to compare the proposed algorithm performance with the existing algorithm. The evaluation results demonstrated that MCSS provides 10% more services selection efficiency than Cloud Resource Bartering System (CRBS) and provides 16% more service selection efficiency than RPF.
Terrestrial carbon cycle: tipping edge of climate change between the atmosphere and biosphere ecosystems

Owing to its tendency to couple with multiple elements, carbon forms complex molecules, which is the basic chemistry of life. Given that the climate system is inextricably coupled with the biosphere, understanding the terrestrial mechanistic pathway of carbon is critical in the transformation of the augmenting atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) in future. Although the global terrestrial carbon sink reduces the accumulation of atmospheric CO 2 , which is contingent on the climate and ecosystem, the underlying key biophysical function that controls the ecosystem-carbon-climate responses and their feedback is uncertain. Accordingly, numerous unprecedented multi-scale studies have highlighted the dynamics of terrestrial carbon by strategically employing in situ , earth observation and process-based models; however, to date, the driving force for its dynamics remains unclassi ﬁ ed. Besides, the signi ﬁ cant variability in carbon is related to the large uncertainties from changes in land use, unambiguously increasing the regional carbon source from the seasonal to interannual scale but without long-term positive or negative feedback. Accordingly, in this review, we attempt to present a holistic understanding of the terrestrial carbon cycle by addressing its nature and di ﬀ erent key drivers. The heterogenetic data platforms that reliably address the terrestrial carbon sink and its source dynamics are discussed in detail to demonstrate the potential of systematic quanti ﬁ cation. Moreover, we summarize the complexity of carbon-climate feedbacks and their associates, extending the pathway for understanding the recent terrestrial carbon allocation, where India's environment is highlighted. This comprehensive review can be valuable to the research community in understanding the importance of the present and future carbon-climate feedback. alack ofobservationsatlarge spatial andtemporalscales, quantifying its changes, evaluating and projecting its trend have been extremely challenging. Thus far, our knowledge on the environmental and climate impact on terrestrial ecosystems, and consequently, their control of the carbon cycle is limited. This has led to an unsolved question by the scienti  c community, whether terrestrial systems will remain as a carbon sink under climate stress or an increase in carbon may o ﬀ set this negative feedback. As climate change continues to intensify, a crucial limitation is to unravel how the carbon cycle regulates terrestrial systems.
OH Megamaser Galaxies at High Angular Resolution

Abstract. Here we discuss the results of VLBI observations of OH megamasers in ultra-luminous infrared galaxies. To date, in all OH megamaser sources observed with VLBI a large part of the OH maser emission is associated with circumnuclear disks or tori. The most striking result is that of III Zw 35, where the maser emission appears to be in a ring-like structure. This ring geometry can explain the two compact clumps of emission previously observed, and theoretical modeling using a torus can successfully reproduce the observed emission. In some OH megamaser galaxies new data further suggests that in addition to an OH maser disk, some maser emission may also be associated with outflows.