Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ESTIMACIÓN DE EMISIÓN DE METANO ENTÉRICO EN SISTEMAS DE PRODUCCIÓN DE LECHE BOVINA EN PEQUEÑA ESCALA BAJO DIFERENTES ESTRATEGIAS DE ALIMENTACIÓN

Background: Small-scale dairy systems are a development option, and in Mexico they represent over 78% of dairy farms providing 37% of milk production. They are a source of employment and income in rural areas that enable dairy families to overcome poverty. However, ruminant production systems emit 17% of world methane, a greenhouse gas that affects climate change. Strategies must be devised to reduce the environmental footprint of dairy systems through increase productivity. Objective: The objective was to estimate the methane emission from enteric fermentation in small-scale dairy systems in the highland valleys of central Mexico with four feeding strategies. Methodology: Twenty four small-scale farms, with herds between 7 and 18 dairy cows participated in the study, which had implemented different feeding strategies that were assigned to the following groups: (CC) five farms that had a conventional management based on the cut-and-carry of temperate irrigated pastures, use of concentrates and straw, (CC+EM) six farms that use cut-and-carry of pastures plus maize silage in the dry season, (PCI) six farms that manage intensive continuous grazing of pastures, (PCI+EM) seven farms with continuous grazing of pastures, and use maize silage in the dry season. Farms were visited monthly during a whole year to record individual milk yields, milk composition and live weight of cows, to sample feeds for chemical analyses and record amounts of used feed. This information enabled to define a diet type per month, and dry matter and gross energy intakes were estimated subtracting the energy contribution of the supplements from total requirements. Methane emissions were estimated from a model derived by a global meta-analysis that includes variables of feed intake, diet composition, milk composition, and cow live-weight. A hierarchical experimental design was used where 288 records were subjected to analysis of variance to detect differences among the groups (alpha P≤0.05). Results: Farms that implemented grazing of pastures as a source of fresh quality herbage (PCI) in mean generated 10.5% less enteric methane and 13.9% les intensity of emission (P<0.05) compared with those that incorporated cut and carry or implemented corn silage for the dry season. Implications: Results show the potential of small-scale dairy systems to reduce their methane emissions and intensity of emissions by implementing grazing of temperate irrigated pastures. Conclusions: The implementation of fresh quality herbage through continuous grazing of temperate irrigated pastures with the use of moderate supplementation without incorporation of corn silage is a viable methane mitigation strategy in small-scale dairy systems in the highlands of Mexico.
High-performance GPU-accelerated evaluation of electron repulsion integrals

ABSTRACT A novel methodology for the evaluation of two electron integrals up to f functions using Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) is presented. The Head-Gordon-Pople recursion relationships are solved via a simple heuristic methodology to minimize the number of evaluated intermediates in the recursion trees. Automatic code generation is used to generate highly optimized CUDA kernels. A novel approach for f functions is presented in which integral classes are split into smaller subclasses to minimize register pressure and exploit additional parallelism at the cost of recomputing a small number of intermediates. Alongside optimized kernels, the ERI evaluation scheme works in conjunction with an efficient work distribution scheme which guarantees load-balancing during computation. The new HGP scheme shows excellent speedups of 2 $ \times $ × to above 60 $ \times $ × against existing GPU code. Additionally, when coupled with digestion into the Fock matrix, the scaling is excellent on up to 7 GPUs with an 85% parallel efficiency for the 6-31G(d) basis set. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACTGraphical abstract. Left side of the image is a speedometer numbered from 1 to 11 GPU, it is dialed up to 11. Right side is a diagram that explain the process to generate the integral kernels: start, optimize recursion relations, generate recursion tree, choose optimal path, simplify expression, generate code, end.
Cold Resistance and Acclimation in Woody Plants12

Low temperature is acknowledged to be the single most important factor limiting the distribution of plants (70). Freezing damage to horticultural crops is a ubiquitous problem of major economic significance even in sub-tropical regions. Among the more commonly recognized types of freezing injury are sunscald and frost splitting of tree trunks, winter burn on conifer foliage, blackheart in stems of trees and shrubs, soil heaving damage and crown kill of herbaceous perennials, die-back in citrus, mid-winter kill of dormant flower buds, and spring and autumn frost damage of tender annuals, flowers and fruits.
Efficient Mobile Computation Offloading over a Finite-State Markovian Channel using Spectral State Aggregation

This paper considers the problem of mobile computation offloading under stochastic wireless channels while task completion times are subject to deadline constraints. Our objective is to conserve energy for the mobile device by making an optimal decision to execute the task either locally or remotely. In the case of computation offloading, we dynamically vary the data transmission rate, in response to channel conditions. The wireless transmission channel is modelled using a Finite-State Markov Chain (FSMC). We formulate the problem of computation offloading as a constrained optimization problem, and develop an online algorithm to derive the optimal offloading policy. Moreover, to reduce the complexity, we estimate a suboptimal solution of the proposed online algorithm by reducing the size of the FSMC with the help of Markovian aggregation. The numerical results indicate that by applying Markovian aggregation, the running time of the algorithm can be significantly reduced without suffering unreasonable performance degradation.
Intelligent Cyber-Mixmechatronic Micro-System for Monitoring and Controlling the Security and Surveillance Robots

Abstract As a result of the scientific concerns of the Doctoral School of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics at Valahia Târgovişte University in the field of robotics dedicated to security and surveillance, the scientific work "Intelligent Cyber- Mixmechatronic Micro-System for Monitoring and Controlling the Security and Surveillance Robots" is in the testing and experimentation phase, within the doctoral (industrial) thesis "Studies, research and contributions regarding the realization of a smart mecatronic robot for security and surveillance applications". The scientific work results in a highly efficient cybermixmecatronic system, unique in Romania, which will be used to control the mechatronic security and surveillance robot, respectively the propulsion and control of its displacement. The robot is controlled through Artificial Intelligence, using the Internet of Things (IoT), which is why the Intelligent Motion Control system must be optimized both in terms of response speeds and energy. At the same time, due to the varied and possibly unstable conditions of the displacement field, the system must meet stringent criteria of reliability, resilience, weather, stability and redundant solutions for on-site repair of potential failures during missions. The cybermixmecatronic system designed to move the robot must carry it safely at the mission site so that it can then return it back to the Command and Control Center. In the paper will be presented the original solution, applicable with minimum of specific modifications (according to the chassis used), to any type of robot requiring both operator-controlled or autoguid control. Thus, a complex project will be realized combining into a unitary Mechatronics, Integronics, Cyber-Mixmechatronics, Artificial Intelligence and Information Technology.
Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control in a Mixed-Autonomy Traffic System: A Hybrid Stochastic Predictive Approach Incorporating Lane Change

This paper presents a stochastic and predictive control design approach for connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) in a mixed-autonomy traffic environment, where CAVs are able to react properly to uncertain maneuvers of human-driven vehicles (HVs). The proposed fully-automated cooperative adaptive cruise control (CACC) design leverages a discrete hybrid stochastic model predictive controller that automatically determines the vehicle's operating mode based on onboard sensors data and information received through vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication. Operating modes include free following, warning, danger, emergency braking, and lane change. Although the controller mainly focuses on maintaining the desired velocity and distance among CAVs, it also allows HVs to perform lane-change maneuvers and merge into the platoon's lane when needed. In response to an HV's position in the lane and its probabilistic behavior, the controller may switch the CAV's operating mode to react accordingly. Considering free-following and emergency-braking modes leads to efficient and safe autonomous driving. Switching between warning, danger, and lane-change modes along with adjusting the steering angle to perform a lane-change maneuver, when needed, robustifies the platoon's performance against unexpected human-driven vehicle maneuvers. Simulation studies are conducted to validate the efficacy of the proposed control design approach. The performance of the proposed control design approach is also compared to a switching control using simulation studies.
Serangan Universal Forgery pada Skema Fungsi Hash Ft, LightMAC_Plus, dan LightMAC_Plus2 Berbasis Algoritme DLBCA

Liu dan Liu membuat serangan pemalsuan pesan pada tahun 2017. Serangan pemalsuan pesan yang dibuat oleh Liu dan Liu dikenal sebagai serangan universal forgery yang dapat diterapkan pada beberapa skema fungsi hash dan authenticated encryption. Fungsi hash yang merupakan variasi dari skema LightMAC dan/atau PMAC diklaim tidak aman oleh Liu dan Liu. Skema merupakan variasi dari fungsi hash LightMAC apabila skema menggunakan skema LightMAC sebagai basis fungsi hash-nya. Berbeda dengan skema , LightMAC_Plus dan LightMAC_Plus2 merupakan variasi dari skema LightMAC dan PMAC. Oleh karena itu, pada penelitian ini dilakukan pembuktian dari klaim yang dibuat oleh Liu dan Liu dengan menerapkan serangan universal forgery pada skema fungsi hash , LightMAC_Plus, dan LightMAC_Plus2. Metode serangan yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini yaitu menerapkan serangan universal forgery dengan menggunakan sepuluh sampel pesan acak yang dikombinasikan dengan lima himpunan kunci. Hasil penerapan serangan universal forgery yaitu tidak ditemukan satu pun pesan palsu dari keseluruhan serangan yang dilakukan. Hal ini diperkuat dengan pembuktian secara matematis bahwa strategi serangan universal forgery tidak dapat diterapkan pada ketiga skema fungsi hash tersebut. Berdasarkan data hasil serangan universal forgery dan pembuktian secara matematis, dapat disimpulkan bahwa skema fungsi hash , LightMAC_Plus, dan LightMAC_Plus2 tahan terhadap serangan universal forgery.
Reputation-Based Data Carrying for Web3 Networks

Web3 networks are emerging to replace centrally-governed networking infrastructure. The integrity of the shared public infrastructure of Web3 networks is guaranteed through data sharing between nodes. However, due to the unstructured and highly partitioned nature of Web3 networks, data sharing between nodes in different partitions is a challenging task. In this paper we present the TSRP mechanism, which approaches the data sharing problem through nodes auditing each other to enforce carrying of data between partitions. Reputation is used as an analogue for the likelihood of nodes interacting with nodes from other partitions in the future. The number of copies of data shared with other nodes is inversely related to the nodes’ reputation. We use a real-world trace of Twitter to show how our implementation can converge to an equal number of copies as structured approaches.
Quelles stratégies alimentaires pour couvrir les besoins nutritionnels des porcs mâles entiers et/ou immuno-castrés et pour réduire les risques d’odeurs de verrat dans la viande ?

Cet article fait le point sur les connaissances relatives aux besoins nutritionnels des porcs mâles non castrés chirurgicalement, dans la perspective de mieux valoriser leur potentiel de croissance pour une meilleure efficience alimentaire, tout en veillant à maintenir un faible risque d’odeurs de verrat et à préserver les qualités de la carcasse et de la viande. Les raisons pour lesquelles une alimentation à volonté des mâles entiers doit être privilégiée, plutôt qu’un rationnement alimentaire, avec des aliments plus concentrés en acides aminés, sont présentées, notamment pour optimiser leur potentiel de développement de la masse protéique. Elles s’appliquent également aux porcs mâles immuno-castrés, qui peuvent être nourris comme les mâles entiers jusqu’à la deuxième vaccination contre les odeurs de verrat. Au-delà, leurs besoins en acides aminés essentiels sont nettement inférieurs à ceux des mâles entiers et les apports peuvent être diminués. Le risque d’odeurs de verrat de la viande est un problème crucial pour l’aval qui doit être maîtrisé en amont dans la production de mâles entiers. À cette fin, les impacts de l’incorporation de divers ingrédients alimentaires susceptibles de réduire les teneurs en scatol sont discutés, tant pour ce qui concerne leur efficacité que les mécanismes mis en œuvre. Avec une très faible adiposité de carcasse, les mâles entiers présentent une teneur en lipides intramusculaires inférieure à celle des femelles et des mâles castrés chirurgicalement, ce qui pénalise la qualité organoleptique de la viande. Par ailleurs, les acides gras du tissu adipeux des mâles entiers peuvent être fortement insaturés, ce qui modifie l’aptitude technologique au séchage des produits. La prise en compte de ces critères dans les cahiers des charges peut orienter les recommandations alimentaires.
Adhesion and Friction Properties of Plant Surfaces with Typical Architectures in Different Humidity Conditions

： Colloidal probes, based on the high precision of atomic force microscope (AFM), are employed to measure the adhesion and friction of original plant surfaces characterized with four typical architectures (smooth two-dimensional wax layers, low cuticular folds, high cuticular folds, three-dimensional wax crystals) and two plant surfaces exposed to chloroform in dry and various humidity environments. The results show that the surface energy and hydrophilicity of holly leaves are reduced by their smooth two-dimensional wax layers, which could not only lower the friction and adhesion between the colloidal probe and plant surfaces under dry conditions, but also prevent the formation of capillary bridges in ambient air with a low humidity, thus enhancing the desorption capability. The surface structure of Litchi leaves with low cuticular folds increases the gap between two interactive surfaces, against the formation of capillary bridges by the vapor condensation. As a consequence, the anti-adhesion performance of their surfaces is improved and better than that of two-dimensional wax layers in a wide range of humidity conditions. Water vapor around contact areas is excluded by cyclamen persicum leaves with high cuticular folds and nepenthes surfaces with three-dimensional wax crystals, making them possess a strong anti-adhesion capacity either in dry or high humidity ambient air. The coupling of three-dimensional architecture and wax crystals with low surface energy keeps the slippery surface of nepenthes presenting a better anti-adhesion effect than that of cyclamen persicum leaves with high cuticular folds. The results above provide a theoretical foundation for the design and preparation of bionic anti-adhesion surfaces.
Seroprevalence of Cytomegalovirus, Rubella, Herpes Simplex Type II and Chlamydia trachomatis in Pregnant and Abortion Women in Tikrit City

Aim of this study was to assess the Seroprevalence of Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Rubella, Herpes simplex II and Chlamydia trachomatis infections among pregnant and abortion women. This study was performed on 210 women who attended the gynecological consultative clinic in Salah El-Din general hospital during November 2021 until the end of march 2022.the sera samples were tested by ELISA assay for detection of specific IgG and IgM antibodies. Overall Seroprevalence was 10%, 5.7%, 3.3%, 1.9% of IgG for CMV, Rubella, Chlamydia trachomatis and HSV II respectively while IgM was 3.8%, 2.8%, and 1% for the last two respectively.
Built-Up Area Extraction from GF-3 SAR Data Based on a Dual-Attention Transformer Model

Built-up area (BA) extraction using synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data has emerged as a potential method in urban research. Currently, typical deep-learning-based BA extractors show high false-alarm rates in the layover areas and subsurface bedrock, which ignore the surrounding information and cannot be directly applied to large-scale BA mapping. To solve the above problems, a novel transformer-based BA extraction framework for SAR images is proposed. Inspired by SegFormer, we designed a BA extractor with multi-level dual-attention transformer encoders. First, the hybrid dilated convolution (HDC) patch-embedding module keeps the surrounding information of the input patches. Second, the channel self-attention module is designed for dual-attention transformer encoders and global modeling. The multi-level structure is employed to produce the coarse-to-fine semantic feature map of BAs. About 1100 scenes of Gaofen-3 (GF-3) data and 200 scenes of Sentinel-1 data were used in the experiment. Compared to UNet, PSPNet, and SegFormer, our model achieved an 85.35% mean intersection over union (mIoU) and 94.75% mean average precision (mAP) on the test set. The proposed framework achieved the best results in both mountainous and plain terrains. The experiments using Sentinel-1 shows that the proposed method has a good generalization ability with different SAR data sources. Finally, the BA map of China for 2020 was obtained with an overall accuracy of about 86%, which shows high consistency with the global urban footprint. The above experiments proved the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed framework in large-scale BA mapping.
Correlation analysis of the elastic‐ideal plastic material behavior of short fiber‐reinforced composites

For the numerical simulation of short fiber‐reinforced composites and the correct analysis of the deformation, information about the plastic behavior and its spatial distribution is essential. When using purely deterministic modeling approaches information of the probabilistic microstructure is not included in the simulation process. One possible approach for the integration of stochastic information is the use of random fields, which requires information about the correlation structure of all material input parameters. In this study the correlation structure for finite strain elasto‐plastic material behavior of short fiber‐reinforced composites is analyzed. This approach combines the use of already established procedures for linear‐elastic material behavior with a homogenization method for plasticity. The obtained results reveal a complex correlation structure, which is approximated with triangle and exponential correlation functions influenced by the window size. Due to the dependence of the hyperelastic and plastic material parameters on the fiber mass fraction, the strain‐energy density function coefficients are cross‐correlated with the yield strength of the composite. With this knowledge at hand, in a subsequent work numerical simulations of tensile tests are conducted that cover the elastic and plastic domain and include spatially distributed material properties.
Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of zinc and vitamin D on nicotine-induced oxidative stress in adult male rats

Current study aimed to investigation the protective effects of zinc and vitamin D in attenuating alveolar response, as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant, in nicotine stressed male rats. Thirty adult males Wistar rats, as a model of mammals, randomly assigned to five equal groups and treatment as follows for 14 days: Control (C) drenched vehicle without treatment, G1 = injected nicotine 1.5 mg/ kg b.w. i/P, G2 administrated orally of zinc 60 mg/ kg b.w. , G3 = administrated orally of vitamin D 250 µg/ kg b.w. and G4 administrated orally both of zinc and vitamin D with same doses and stressed by nicotine 1.5 mg/ kg b.w. i/P. At the end of the experiment, rats were anesthetized blood samples have been collected, and then iron, cytokines (IL-6) and malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) were estimation in in serum and lung tissues. The result showed significant (p ≤ 0.5) increase in serum MDA in group G1 when compared with other groups. While significant (p ≤ 0.5) increase in serum GPx in all treatment group in comparison with nicotine treated group and control.
Pathologic Implications of Radial Resection Margin and Perineural Invasion to Adjuvant Chemotherapy after Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy and Surgery for Rectal Cancer: A Multi-Institutional and Case-Matched Control Study

Simple Summary The significance of the role of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with rectal cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiation and surgery has yet to be been determined. In this multi-center and case-matched analysis, we evaluated 1799 patients with rectal cancer who received adjuvant chemotherapy after neoadjuvant chemoradiation and total mesorectal excision. Positive surgical margin and perineural invasion were poor prognostic factors after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and curative surgery. Adjuvant chemotherapy significantly decreased recurrences in patients with positive margin or perineural invasion. The role of adjuvant chemotherapy in rectal cancer patients without positive margin and perineural invasion after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and surgery could be limited. Abstract We assessed the exact role of adjuvant chemotherapy after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) and surgery in rectal cancer patients with positive surgical margin or perineural invasion (PNI). This multi-institutional study included 1799 patients with rectal cancer at cT3-4N0-2M0 stages. Patients were divided into two groups. The high-risk group had a positive margin and/or perineural invasion. The low-risk group showed no positive margin or PNI. Propensity-score matching analysis was performed, and a total of 928 patients, with 464 in each arm, were evaluated. The high-risk group showed significant differences in overall survival (OS, 73.4% vs. 53.9%, p < 0.01) and recurrence-free survival (RFS, 52.7% vs. 40.9%, p = 0.01) at five years between the adjuvant chemotherapy arm and observation arm. The low-risk group showed no significant differences in 5-year OS (p = 0.61) and RFS (p = 0.75) between the two arms. Multivariate analyses showed that age, pathologic N stage, and adjuvant chemotherapy were significantly correlated with OS and RFS in the high-risk group (all p < 0.05). Adjuvant chemotherapy improved OS and RFS more significantly in rectal cancer patients with positive surgical margin or PNI than in those with negative surgical margin and PNI.
Addendum to "Distinguishing Spins in Decay Chains at the Large Hadron Collider"

We extend our earlier study of spin correlations in the decay chain $D\to C q$, $C\to B l^{near}$, $B\to A l^{far}$, where $A,B,C,D$ are new particles with known masses but undetermined spins, $l^{near}$ and $l^{far}$ are opposite-sign same-flavour charged leptons and $A$ is invisible. Instead of looking at the observable 2- and 3-particle invariant mass distributions separately, we compare the full three-dimensional phase space distributions for all possible spin assignments of the new particles, and show that this enhances their distinguishability using a quantitative measure known as the Kullback-Leibler distance.