Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Structural Equation Modelling in Investigating the Role of Academic Motivation upon Academic Achievement

Academic achievement is the degree to which students, educators, or organizations have attained their desired learning goals, whether short-term or long-term. It provides evidence of institutional efficiency in producing knowledgeable, proficient, and marketable graduates. Understanding the factors contributing to students' success is an important task not only for the students or lecturers but also for higher learning institutions. This understanding serves as valuable input for designing effective teaching, learning, and student activities to improve academic performance and reduce academic failure. Thus, the current study sought to determine the direct and indirect effects of self-esteem, personality traits, and emotional intelligence, as well as examine the role of academic motivation on students' learning outcomes as a mediator. A stratified random sampling method was employed, and 533 undergraduate students participated in this study. Four standard instruments have been adopted for data collection, which are Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), Schutte Self-Report Emotional Intelligence Test (SSEIT), Big Five Inventory (BFI), and Academic Motivation Scale. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to identify the relationship between self-esteem, personality traits, and emotional intelligence on academic achievement and examine academic motivation as a potential mediator for academic achievement. The findings of this study revealed that academic motivation, emotional expression, and conscientiousness were significant factors. Moreover, negative self-esteem, conscientiousness, openness, and self-emotional regulation exhibited significant indirect effects on academic achievement, and academic motivation has been proven to serve as a significant mediator. These results revealed essential inputs and provided a greater understanding of the higher learning institutions in structuring and planning their students' support systems and activities. Given the significant role of academic motivation as a mediator, it will be interesting to discover its significant contributors. Further studies can be conducted to determine the differences in academic motivation contributing factors with regard to gender, discipline, and socio-economic backgrounds.
The Evolution of Kidney Stone Information Available to Patients: Interest Trends of
 Social Media and Quality Assessment of Kidney Stone Smartphone Apps

PurposeTo identify what information kidney stone patients want and the resources they use to find it, and to evaluate kidney stone-related smartphone apps based on their actionability, understandability, quality, and reliability.MethodsGoogle Trends was used to assess searches related to kidney stones and related smartphone applications (apps) from 2019 to 2021. A questionnaire aimed at ascertaining where patients obtain kidney stone-related information was posted on popular Facebook groups and one Reddit group. Seven popular kidney stone-related apps were evaluated for reliability, quality, actionability, and understandability. Univariate statistical analysis, search volume index, and descriptive statistics were used to assess correlations and impact of variables on outcomes of interest.ResultsBetween 2019 and 2021, the peak search volume index of kidney stones was in the summer and winter. Questionnaire participants obtain most information from their doctor (45%), Reddit and Facebook groups (43%), YouTube (9%), and smartphone apps (4%). 23% reported using a kidney stone app at least once to obtain information. The average smartphone app overall has poor reliability (2.43, P <0.001) and quality (1.96, P = 0.039) and poor review of treatment options with side effects (1.36, P = 0.689), and does not encourage shared decision-making (2.57, P = 0.162). Poor actionability was found in all apps, and good understandability was found in 6 of the 7 apps.ConclusionWhile physicians are still the most-used resource for patients, patients are increasingly using online platforms and smartphone applications. Urologists should consider engaging kidney stone patients through such platforms to provide reliable educational information.
Clinical characteristics and induction outcome of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients treated at Tertiary Referral Hospital, Addis Ababa,Ethiopia: a retrospective cross-sectional study

The outcome of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has remained a major concern in low-and middle-income countries. It is envisaged that the outcome will be far worse in resource limited settings. However, studies are lacking and many of these low-income countries lack an effective cancer registry. The study was conducted to assess the socio-demographics, clinical patterns and induction outcomes of children with AML. All bone marrow confirmed pediatric AML patients less than 15 years old who took induction chemotherapy was recruited and data was collected in a cross-sectional method. Among the 38-bone marrow confirmed pediatric AML patients, 33 patients took induction chemotherapy and 22 (66.7%) achieved complete remission (CR). Infectious morbidity occurred in 60.6% followed by tumor lysis syndrome in 6.1% and induction mortality occurred in 30.3%. The study found a slight male predominance with the mean age of patients being 8.003 ±3.76 SD years and with a range of 5months-15 years. Fatigue was the most common presenting symptom. The median white blood cell, hemoglobin and platelet count were 39.2 ×103 /mm3, 6.65 g/dl and 25.5× 103/mm3 respectively. A positive correlation between platelet count, FAB classification,
RELATIONAL DATABASES

Managing a large amount of persistent data with com puters requires storing and retrieving these data in files. However, it was found in the early 1 960s that files are not sufficient for the design and use of more and more sophisticated applications . As a consequence, database systems have become a very important tool for many applications ver the past 30 years. Database management systems (DBMSs) aim to provide users wit h an efficient tool for good modeling and for easy and efficient manipulation of data. It is important to note that concurrency control, data confidentiality, and recovery from failure are also important services a DBMS should offer. The very first DBMSs, known as hierarchical and then ne twork systems, were based on a hierarchical and then network-like conceptual data organization, which actually reflects the physical organization of the underlying files. Thus, these s ystems do not distinguish clearly between the physical and the conceptual levels of data organiza tion. Therefore, these systems, although efficient, have some important drawbacks, among whi ch we mention data redundancies (which should be avoided) and a procedural way of data man ipulation, which is considered not easy enough to use.
3 Death in a Head-Down Position

Although deaths of persons in a head-down position are rare events, there can be no doubt that they occur from time to time, most often accidentally. The prolonged head-down position itself may lead to fatal outcome. The common features of such cases are as follows: (a) the finding of a body in an inverted or head-down tilted position; (b) marked ("monstrous") congestion of face, scalp, neck, and other dependent parts of the body (e.g., hands, shoulders); (c) accompanying effects of internal congestion with swelling of and petechial bleedings at the affected parts as well as edema of the brain and lungs; and (d) lack of a definite pathoanatomical cause of death. In some cases, one may find traces of self-rescuing attempts on the deceased's body as well. Because postmortem examinations are unlikely to reveal the cause of death in such cases, additional pathophysiological considerations are required to make this determination. This chapter examines 10 cases in which the deceased was found in a head-down position. Based on these cases, it is observed that eld-
Rare copy number variations are associated with poorer cognition in schizophrenia

Background Cognitive impairment in schizophrenia is a major contributor to poor outcomes yet its causes are poorly understood. Some rare copy number variants (CNVs) are associated with schizophrenia risk and impact cognition in healthy populations but their contribution to cognitive impairment in schizophrenia has not been investigated. We examined the effect of 12 schizophrenia CNVs on cognition in those with schizophrenia. Methods General cognitive ability was measured using the MATRICS composite z-score in 875 schizophrenia cases, and in a replication sample of 519 schizophrenia cases using WAIS Full-Scale IQ. Using linear regression we tested for association between cognition and schizophrenia CNV status, covarying for age and sex. In addition, we tested whether CNVs hitting genes in schizophrenia enriched gene sets (loss of function intolerant or synaptic gene sets) were associated with cognitive impairment.
Máster en Ciencia de Datos e Ingeniería de Computadores: una apuesta por la formación especializada en el sector de las TIC

The Master's Degree in Data Science and Computer Engineering has been taught at the University of Granada for the first time during academic year 2014-2015. This master comes from the combination of former masters in Soft Computing and Computer Engineering, but it completely renovates its contents and it provides an opportunity for partnership and collaboration between several research groups with a great potential in the field of Information Technology and Communications (ICT). The proposed Master's Degree trains students as researchers in areas with a high demand for qualified staff and huge social interest, such as the analysis of large amounts of data (big data) or the development of embedded systems and platforms for high-performance computing.
Métodos de conservación para actinobacterias con actividad solubilizadora de fósforo

The aim of this research was to evaluate different methods of preservation for actinobacteria with phosphate solubilization activity due to there are a few specific methods reported for these organisms. The methods were evaluated at three different time periods; long, medium and short-term and employing methods as cryopreservation and dry-freezing; clay, silica and sand; and periodically plating, respectively. Therefore 15 isolates from 3 different locations (La Vega, Mani and Tota) and a bank reference from Livestock Research Unit of the Pontificia Universidad Javeriana were used. All inocula were prepared in 0.85% saline solution (w/v) which were adjusted to a concentration of 10 8 cells/mL, followed each vial was inoculated with their respective storage cryoprotectants , glycerol 20% (v/v), 30% (v/v) to freeze and 18% skim milk (w/v) for dry-freezing. Medium-term methods were performed similarly; the inoculum was added to 10 clay beads, 10 g of sand and 5 g of silica and then stored at 4 °C. The short-term method was evaluated in oatmeal agar (15 g/L). The evaluation was performed by direct counting in a Neubauer chamberusing trypan blue staining technique, in addition to macroscopic and microscopic characterization of each isolate in periodic plating. It was established that the phosphorus solubilizing activity was more stable in glycerol 30% (w/v) and lyophilization for statistical analysis. Keywords: Viability; cryoprotectants; bank; dry-freezing; cryopreservation.
Water balance and observed flows in the Anllóns River basin (NW Spain)

During 2001, 2002 and 2003, several streamflow measurement surveys were carried out in the Anllons River basin, as well as an integral study of its hydrological characteristics that has provided an important understanding of its hydrological behaviour. The annual hydrographs for each hydrological year were obtained and their separation into the basic components: surface water and baseflow, were carried out. The baseflow component of streamflow was obtained by means of the HYSEP computer program (developed by USGS). The mean value of the groundwater recharge for the study period was 72% of the total streamflow of the river. At the same time, using the recorded precipitation and evapotranspiration values calculated with the data from the nearest meteorological stations, the soil water balance was calculated using the Thornthwaite and Mather methodology for each observed year. The results obtained have been compared with the observed data.
Combinatorial Algorithms for String Sanitization ∗

String data are often disseminated to support applications such as location-based service provision or DNA sequence analysis. This dissemination, however, may expose sensitive patterns that model confidential knowledge ( e.g., trips to mental health clinics from a string representing a user’s location history). In this paper, we consider the problem of sanitizing a string by concealing the occurrences of sensitive patterns, while maintaining data utility, in two settings that are relevant to many common string processing tasks. In the first setting, we aim to generate the minimal-length string that preserves the order of appearance and frequency of all non-sensitive patterns. Such a string allows accurately performing tasks based on the sequential nature and pattern frequencies of the string. To construct such a string, we propose a time-optimal algorithm, TFS-ALGO. We also propose another time-optimal algorithm, PFS-ALGO, which preserves a partial order of appearance of non-sensitive patterns but produces a much shorter string that can be analyzed more efficiently. The strings produced by either of these algorithms are constructed by concatenating non-sensitive parts of the input string. However, it is possible to detect the sensitive patterns by “reversing” the concatenation operations. In response, we propose a heuristic, MCSR-ALGO, which replaces letters in the strings output by the algorithms with carefully selected letters, so that sensitive patterns are not reinstated, implausible patterns are not introduced, and occurrences of spurious patterns are prevented. In the second setting, we aim to generate a string that is at minimal edit distance from the original string, in addition to preserving the
Rural Bound: Determinants of Metro to Non-Metro Migration in the U.S

A general global precept is that agglomeration forces lead to migration from rural to urban areas. Yet, for much of the period since the early 1970s, more people moved from metro to nonmetro U.S. counties. The underlying causes of this pattern have changed over time with economic shocks and changing household preferences. For instance, the post 2000 period has seen a significant decline in domestic migration rates, significant increase in commodity prices that favor rural areas, and potential changes in the valuation of natural amenities that would affect migration. This study investigates the determinants of U.S. gross migration from metro to nonmetro counties and nonmetro to metro counties for the 1995-2000 and 2005-2009 periods in order to compare the differences in rural to urban and urban to rural migration as well as compare the 1990s to the 2005 to 2009 periods. The paper uses (1) extensive county-to-county migration flows and (2) uses the utility maximization theory that extends the framework of discrete choice model. The results show that population density, distance to urban areas, industry mix employment growth, natural amenities, and percent of older people are key factors underlying these migration patterns. We also find a slight fading of effects of natural amenities and population density and slight increase in the effects of wage and employment growth during 2005 to 2009 period.
A solar‐powered 2.4 GHz injection‐locked oscillator for RF amplification

A 2.4 GHz solar‐powered injection‐locked oscillator (ILO) is developed to boost harvested low‐power radiofrequency (RF) signals for energy harvesting applications. This work proposes a solar‐powered ILO with self‐powering that has a high power efficiency. A solar panel with a regulator circuit directly converts solar power into the electrical power of the ILO. The presented ILO design is based on a single‐ended Clapp oscillator. A direct injection method is used to reduce the power that is consumed by the ILO. The ILO is designed and implemented using Agilent's GaAs HEMT ATF55143. Measurements of the solar‐powered ILO are made and its amplification, or gain, performance is studied; the gain is 18.7 dB. The supply voltage that is applied to the ILO is 1.5 V and the power consumption (PDC) is 1.5 mW.
Software-related challenges in Swedish healthcare through the lens of incident reports: A desktop study

Objective To identify a subset of software issues occurring in daily Swedish healthcare practice and devise a set of local solutions to overcome the challenges. Methods A sample of 46 incident reports was collected from one of Sweden's national incident reporting repositories, ranging from June 2019 to December 2021. The reports were first subjected to an algorithm to identify if they were health information technology-related incidents and were analysed using an existing framework, i.e., the Health Information Technology Classification System, to identify the software-related incidents. The incidents associated with software issues were then subjected to thematic analysis, in which themes were extracted and presented under the category assigned by the existing framework used. Results Of 46 reports, 45 (with one exception) were included using the algorithm. Of 45 incidents, 31 software-related incidents were identified using the classification system. Six types of software issues were identified, including software functionality (n = 10), interface with other software systems or components (n = 10), system configuration (n = 7), interface with devices (n = 2), record migration (n = 1) and increased volume of transactions (n = 1). Each issue was further categorised into different themes; for example, software interface-related problems were grouped into ‘two patients being active in the system simultaneously’ (n = 6) and ‘transfer of patient information’ (n = 4). Conclusions The study provided some insights into software issues and relevant consequences. A set of local solutions were devised to overcome the present challenges encountered in Swedish healthcare in their daily clinical practice. Systematic identification and characterisation of such software challenges should be a routine part of clinical practice for all major health information technology implementations.
Neanderthal coexistence with Homo sapiens in Europe was affected by herbivore carrying capacity

It has been proposed that climate change and the arrival of modern humans in Europe affected the disappearance of Neanderthals due to their impact on trophic resources; however, it has remained challenging to quantify the effect of these factors. By using Bayesian age models to derive the chronology of the European Middle to Upper Paleolithic transition, followed by a dynamic vegetation model that provides the Net Primary Productivity, and a macroecological model to compute herbivore abundance, we show that in continental regions where the ecosystem productivity was low or unstable, Neanderthals disappeared before or just after the arrival of Homo sapiens. In contrast, regions with high and stable productivity witnessed a prolonged coexistence between both species. The temporal overlap between Neanderthals and H. sapiens is significantly correlated with the carrying capacity of small- and medium-sized herbivores. These results suggest that herbivore abundance released the trophic pressure of the secondary consumers guild, which affected the coexistence likelihood between both human species.
Unveiling coding of prediction and sharpening of perceptual features through multivariate pattern analysis

A recent study by Blank, Alink and Büchel, uses multivariate neuroimaging to investigate how the human brain processes the strength of face-related expectations and explores whether these expectations are represented in the same regions that process facial stimuli. In line with predictive coding theories, their study presents compelling evidence that the brain adjusts its processing based on the certainty of expectations. This occurs exclusively within high-level face-sensitive regions, rather than across the entire processing hierarchy. Here we critically discuss these findings and outline potential directions for future research to better understand how the human brain expects, processes, and perceives images.
Climate amelioration, abrupt vegetation recovery, and the dispersal of Homo sapiens in Baikal Siberia

The dispersal of Homo sapiens in Siberia and Mongolia occurred by 45 to 40 thousand years (ka) ago; however, the climatic and environmental context of this event remains poorly understood. We reconstruct a detailed vegetation history for the Last Glacial period based on pollen spectra from Lake Baikal. While herb and shrub taxa including Artemisia and Alnus dominated throughout most of this period, coniferous forests rapidly expanded during Dansgaard-Oeschger (D-O) events 14 (55 ka ago) and 12 to 10 (48 to 41 ka ago), with the latter presenting the strongest signal for coniferous forest expansion and Picea trees, indicating remarkably humid conditions. These abrupt forestation events are consistent with obliquity maxima, so that we interpret last glacial vegetation changes in southern Siberia as being driven by obliquity change. Likewise, we posit that major climate amelioration and pronounced forestation precipitated H. sapiens dispersal into Baikal Siberia 45 ka ago, as chronicled by the appearance of the Initial Upper Paleolithic.
Deep learning enabled fast 3D brain MRI at 0.055 tesla

In recent years, there has been an intensive development of portable ultralow-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for low-cost, shielding-free, and point-of-care applications. However, its quality is poor and scan time is long. We propose a fast acquisition and deep learning reconstruction framework to accelerate brain MRI at 0.055 tesla. The acquisition consists of a single average three-dimensional (3D) encoding with 2D partial Fourier sampling, reducing the scan time of T1- and T2-weighted imaging protocols to 2.5 and 3.2 minutes, respectively. The 3D deep learning leverages the homogeneous brain anatomy available in high-field human brain data to enhance image quality, reduce artifacts and noise, and improve spatial resolution to synthetic 1.5-mm isotropic resolution. Our method successfully overcomes low-signal barrier, reconstructing fine anatomical structures that are reproducible within subjects and consistent across two protocols. It enables fast and quality whole-brain MRI at 0.055 tesla, with potential for widespread biomedical applications.