Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ON ISOLATED RATIONAL SINGULARITIES OF SURFACES.

In 1934, DuVal [3] listed the configurations of curves which can be obtained by resolving certain isolated double points of embedded surfaces (they are depicted in the figure below). These configurations arise naturally in other contexts, for instance as exceptional curves for pluricanonical embeddings of surfaces [7], and so it seems desirable to have a converse result, showing that a singularity giving rise to such a configuration is necessarily a double point. We have reconsidered the question in a more general context, and obtain in addition the correct nunferical characterization of "rational" singularities (cf. definition below). This characterization is made without the assumption that the surface is embedded and points out the connection of Du Val's work with Castelnuovo's criterion for exceptional curves [2], ([8], p. 38). Finally, we list the configurations obtained from rational triple points.
Output feedback adaptive command following and disturbance rejection for nonminimum phase uncertain dynamical systems

In this paper, we develop an output feedback adaptive control framework for continuous‐time nonminimum phase multivariable systems for output stabilization, command following, and disturbance rejection. The approach is based on a nonminimal state space realization that generates an expanded set of states using the filtered inputs and filtered outputs and their derivatives of the original system. Specifically, a direct adaptive controller for the nonminimal state space model is constructed using the expanded states of the nonminimal realization and is shown to be effective for multi‐input, multi‐output nonminimum phase systems with unstable dynamics. The adaptive controller does not require any model information nor does it require information of the system poles and system zeros or estimation of the system Markov parameters. Several illustrative numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed approach. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of dietary Bacillus coagulans on the productive performance, egg quality, serum parameters, and intestinal morphology of laying hens during the late laying period

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Bacillus coagulans (B. coagulans) on the productive performance, egg quality, blood biochemistry, antioxidant capacity, reproductive hormones, immune function, and intestinal morphology of laying hens (86 weeks old) during the late laying period. A total of 960 Hy-Line Brown layers were randomly assigned to five treatment groups, each with 6 replicates of 32 hens. Hens were grouped as follows: basal diet (control group) and a basal diet supplemented with 3.25 × 105, 6.5 × 105, 9.75 × 105, or 1.3 × 106 cfu/g B. coagulans. Dietary supplementation with B. coagulans significantly enhanced egg mass, egg weight, and laying rate and decreased the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in comparison with the control group. No significant difference was observed in the feed intake, breaking rate, albumen height, haugh unit, egg yolk colour, eggshell strength, and eggshell thickness among all groups. The serum total protein (TP) levels of laying hens fed 6.5 × 105 cfu/g B. coagulans were higher than those of laying hens in the control group. Dietary supplementation with 3.25 × 105 cfu/g and 6.5 × 105 cfu/g B. coagulans improved the activity of glutathione peroxide (GSH-Px) compared with that of the control group. The serum IgA concentration of laying hens in the 1.3 × 106 cfu/g B. coagulans treatment group was higher than that of the control. In the ileum, 6.5 × 105 cfu/g B. coagulans supplementation significantly increased the ratio of villus height to crypt depth (VH/CD) compared to that of the control group. It can be concluded that B. coagulans, at a supplementation level of 6.5 × 105 cfu/g feed, can be used as an effective feed additive to improve the production performance of laying hens during the late laying period by increasing the serum TP level, serum GSH-Px activity, and ileal VH/CD ratio. HIGHLIGHTS Bacillus coagulans improved the productive performance of laying hens during the late laying period. Inclusion of Bacillus coagulans in the diet might benefit laying hens’ health by improving blood biochemistry, enhancing antioxidant activity and intestinal morphology, and slightly enhancing immune ability. The optimum concentration of Bacillus coagulans as a supplement to the basal diet to promote production performance and improve host health is 6.5 × 105 cfu/g.
Obstacle avoidance method for fixed trajectory of a seven-degree-of-freedom manipulator

Abstract This paper, based on the idea of redundancy angle discretisation, proposes an obstacle avoidance method for the fixed tip pose trajectory of a seven degrees-of-freedom (7-DOF) modular manipulator. First, for the case in which a specific redundancy angle is given, the analytical solutions of the redundant manipulator left 6-DOF subchain are found. Then, through the discretisation of the redundancy angle, the concept of the self-motion space of the tip pose is proposed and is extended to the concept of the self-motion space of the trajectory. Based on this discrete space, a path-planning algorithm is proposed to help select the appropriate redundancy angles to obtain the collision-free solution set of the fixed Cartesian trajectory. However, due to the large fluctuation of the obtained path, a path optimisation method based on the path cost is proposed to smooth the path, and the continuous and collision-free solution set of the manipulator tip’s trajectory is obtained. The method proposed in this paper provides a new thought for the problem of collision-free solution set planning for the Cartesian trajectory of a 7-DOF manipulator and it has great application potential in working environments with high accuracy requirements for the trajectory.
G-networks by triggered customer movement

The generalized queueing networks (G-networks) which we introduce in this paper contain customers and signals. Both customers and signals can be exogenous, or can be obtained by a Markovian movement of a customer from one queue to another after service transforming itself into a signal or remaining a customer. A signal entering a queue forces a customer to move instantaneously to another queue according to a Markovian routing rule, or to leave the network, while customers request service. This synchronised or triggered motion is useful in representing the effect of tokens in Petri nets, in modelling systems in which customers and work can be instantaneously moved from one queue to the other upon certain events, and also for certain behaviours encountered in parallel computer system modelling. We show that this new class of network has product-form stationary solution, and establish the non-linear customer flow equations which govern it. Network stability is discussed in this new context.
Are cosmologically distant objects obscured by dust? - A test using quasars.

At large redshifts, dust obscuration should become severe. We examine the possibility that cosmologically distant quasars have been obscured (and reddened) due to intervening dust either within or between the galaxies. Assuming simple Schechter-like luminosity functions for quasars, simple power law-like evolution of their statistical properties, and dust having opacity proportional to lambda/sup -1/ and occurring in clumps of varying optical thickness, we calculate the expected distributions of observed quasar properties. An apparent cutoff at zroughly-equal3 is easily obtained for reasonable dust parameters without producing excessive reddening. Other predicted properties are also consistent with observations. The main drawback of the model is that there is a danger of producing more X-ray flux from optically obscured quasars than is observed. Conversely, the best test of the obscuration hypothesis will come from a search to find reddened quasars where, at present, blank field X-ray or radio sources are detected. The amounts of dusts contemplated in these models (which are somewhat larger than expected from the properties of nearby galaxies) would have prevented us from seeing very bright galaxies in the process of formation.
X‐Ray Astronomy 2000

The international conference “X-Ray Astronomy 2000” was held in Mondello (Palermo, Italy) on 2000 September 4–8, organized by the Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo “G. S. Vaiana” as part of the celebration for the bicentennial of the discovery of the first asteroid, Ceres. The meeting was centered on recent advances in X-ray astronomy, especially those obtained by theChandra and XMM-Newton space observatories, and addressed an ample range of problems from solar and stellar coronae to the emission from the farthest objects in the universe. Stellar coronae were examined by a number of speakers, focusing on recent high-resolution X-ray spectroscopic studies of nearby and/or active stars and the insight that can be gained regarding the physics of stellar coronae by comparing the new results with observations of the solar corona. Similarities and differences between solar and stellar coronae were also discussed in the light of recent observations of stellar flares. These indicate the presence of nearly polar active regions, at odds with the solar case. Coeval stellar samples, such as those in Galactic open clusters, are very useful to understand the physical mechanisms responsible for coronal X-ray emission. Chandra results on the Pleiades and NGC 2516 young open clusters were presented and discussed in relation to the issue of the effect of stellar metallicity on the coronal emission level. The Chandra observations of the Orion star-forming region gave a striking example of the superb imaging capabilities of Chandra. These stars show widespread variability of X-ray emission in the half-hour to 1 day range. X-ray emission from supernova remnants (SNRs) was reviewed with special emphasis on ROSAT andASCA results and on recentChandra and XMM-Newton observations of SNRs in the Galaxy and the Large Magellanic Cloud. Especially important are the results from the Chandra mediumand high-resolution observations of Cas A, which clearly revealed spatial structures down to tens of arcseconds,
Loss of coherence due to bremsstrahlung

It is shown that bremsstrahlung can give rise to a loss of coherence for quantum systems. Here a particular mechanism is analyzed, which makes use of the formal properties of the infrared radiation in QED. A charged particle goes through a scattering process into a superposition of two kinematically distinct states. The scattering also gives rise to the emission of a cloud of soft photons, and it is precisely this process that washes out the interference term between the two final states.
Surface Waveguide Modes Along a Semi-Infinite Dielectric Fiber Excited by a Plane Wave

The power transmitted by surface waveguide modes propagating along a semi-infinite dielectric fiber is determined. For a plane wave normally incident on the end of a perfectly circular fiber only the HE1m modes are excited. Of these modes the majority of the power is contained in the HE11 mode. Far above the cutoff conditions for the HE13 mode, approximately 99.8% of the incident power is contained in the HE11, HE12, and HE13 modes.
PANACEA: network-based methods for pharmacotherapy prioritization in personalized oncology

Abstract Motivation Identifying appropriate pharmacotherapy options from genomics results is a significant challenge in personalized oncology. However, computational methods for prioritizing drugs are underdeveloped. With the hypothesis that network-based approaches can improve the performance by extending the use of potential drug targets beyond direct interactions, we devised two network-based methods for personalized pharmacotherapy prioritization in cancer. Results We developed novel personalized drug prioritization approaches, PANACEA: PersonAlized Network-based Anti-Cancer therapy EvaluAtion. In PANACEA, initially, the protein interaction network is extended with drugs, and a driverness score is assigned to each altered gene. For scoring drugs, either (i) the ‘distance-based’ method, incorporating the shortest distance between drugs and altered genes, and driverness scores, or (ii) the ‘propagation’ method involving the propagation of driverness scores via a random walk with restart framework is performed. We evaluated PANACEA using multiple datasets, and demonstrated that (i) the top-ranking drugs are relevant for cancer pharmacotherapy using TCGA data; (ii) drugs that cancer cell lines are sensitive to are identified using GDSC data; and (iii) PANACEA can perform adequately in the clinical setting using cases with known drug responses. We also illustrate that the proposed methods outperform iCAGES and PanDrugs, two previous personalized drug prioritization approaches. Availability and implementation The corresponding R package is available on GitHub. (https://github.com/egeulgen/PANACEA.git). Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Some vantage indexing approaches for rhythmic and melodic search

In this paper, we discuss several improvements and approaches to musical content-based search that utilize the vantage indexing technique. We show how one can build an optimum vantage index for a variant of the Earth Mover's Distance that is appropriate for searching rhythmic patterns. We discuss a genetic algorithm approach for finding good vantage objects for arbitrary distance measures that obey the triangle inequality. Finally, we discuss a method which utilizes vantage indexing for searching prametric spaces — spaces in which the distance measure does not obey the triangle inequality and where distinct points may have distance 0.
Restoration of the ASCA Source Position Accuracy

We present a calibration of the absolute pointing accuracy of the Advanced Satellite for Cosmology and Astrophysics (ASCA) which allows us to compensate for a large error (up to 1') in the derived source coordinates. We parameterize a temperature dependent deviation of the attitude solution which is responsible for this error. By analyzing ASCA coordinates of 100 bright active galactic nuclei, we show that it is possible to reduce the uncertainty in the sky position for any given observation by a factor of 4. The revised 90% error circle radius is then 12'', consistent with preflight specifications, effectively restoring the full ASCA pointing accuracy. Herein, we derive an algorithm which compensates for this attitude error and present an internet-based table to be used to correct post facto the coordinate of all ASCA observations. While the above error circle is strictly applicable to data taken with the on-board Solid-state Imaging Spectrometers (SISs), similar coordinate corrections are derived for data obtained with the Gas Imaging Spectrometers (GISs), which, however, have additional instrumental uncertainties. The 90% error circle radius for the central 20' diameter of the GIS is 24''. The large reduction in the error circle area for the two instruments offers the opportunity to greatly enhance the search for X-ray counterparts at other wavelengths. This has important implications for current and future ASCA source catalogs and surveys.
Complex intuitionistic fuzzy sets

This paper presents a new concept of complex intuitionistic fuzzy set (CIFS) which is generalized from the innovative concept of a complex fuzzy set (CFS) by adding the non-membership term to the definition of CFS. The novelty of CIFS lies in its ability for membership and non-membership functions to achieve more range of values. The ranges of values are extended to the unit circle in complex plane for both membership and non-membership functions instead of [0, 1] as in the conventional intuitionistic fuzzy functions. We define basic operations namely complement, union, and intersection on CIFSs. Properties of these operations are derived.
Influence of stacking faults on the performance of 4H–SiC Schottky barrier diodes fabricated on (112̄0) face

The influence of stacking faults (SFs) on the performance of 4H–SiC (1120) Schottky barrier diodes fabricated on the epilayer grown on the substrate which was grown in [1120] direction by the sublimation method was investigated. The number of SFs under the Schottky electrode was determined by KOH etching of (1100) face cross section. SFs were found to have a severe influence on the leakage current of reverse characteristic and Schottky barrier height. The leakage current is increased even though a few SFs exist under the electrode. The Schottky barrier height is also affected by the SF under the electrode.
Unusually high coercivity and critical single-domain size of nearly monodispersed CoFe2O4 nanoparticles

Nearly monodispersed CoFe2O4 nanoparticles with average sizes between 8 and 100 nm were synthesized by using seed-mediated growth dominant coprecipitation and modified oxidation methods. X-ray diffraction and Mossbauer spectroscopy analyses confirmed the spinel phase and a stoichiometric composition of (Co0.25Fe0.75)[Co0.75Fe1. 25]O4 for powders with different particle diameters. Rotational hysteresis loss (Wr) analysis showed an average switching field (Hp) of 17 kOe and a magnetic anisotropy field (Hk) of 38 kOe for the 40 nm CoFe2O4 particles. The corresponding magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy constant (K) was about 5.1×106 erg/cc. The Hc and Hp results suggest that the critical single-domain size of CoFe2O4 is about 40 nm. The room temperature coercivity (Hc) of the 40 nm CoFe2O4 particles is found to be as high as 4.65 kOe.
Synthesis of novel inorganic films by ion beam irradiation of polymer films

We propose a novel technique to convert polymer films into useful inorganic films by ion beam irradiation. Along the track of an ion the polymer is dissociated into smaller fragments. Volatile fragments diffuse through the film and escape. Any element which is not removed in the form of volatile species is subsequently enriched with respect to the other elements. We demonstrate this effect in a polymer poly(dimethylsilylene‐co‐methylphenylsilylene), which initially has a C:Si ratio of 4.5:1. Upon irradiation with 2‐MeV Ar+ ions at a dose of 1015 ions/cm2 the C:Si ratio changes to 3.4:1 as verified by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry. We believe that the effect of the ion beam irradiation is to produce more Si–C bonds at the expense of the C–H and Si–Si bonds, with ≲10% of the original hydrogen being present in the film at high doses. The IR spectra of the film as a function of the irradiation dose show a progressive loss of fine molecular features with significant increase of the refractive index. T.
Multi-Nutrient Analysis of Dietary Macronutrients with All-Cause, Cardiovascular, and Cancer Mortality: Data from NHANES 1999–2014

Macronutrients are a major component of the human diet. However, few studies have assessed their collective association with mortality. We sought to evaluate the associations of macronutrient intake with all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality in US adults using a multi-nutrient approach. This prospective cohort analysis used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from the years 1999 to 2014. The participants included 33,681 US adults aged 20–85 years (52.5% female). The maximum follow-up time was 16.8 years, with a total of 4398 total deaths, including 772 cardiovascular deaths and 952 cancer deaths. The associations between mortality and dietary macronutrients were explored using three-dimensional generalized additive models, allowing for visual and statistical inference of complex nonlinear associations. Absolute macronutrient intake demonstrated a three-way interactive association with all-cause mortality (p < 0.001), cardiovascular mortality (p = 0.02), and cancer mortality (p = 0.05), adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, dietary quality, and lifestyle. Compositionally, a high caloric diet composed of moderately high protein (20%), moderate fat (30%), and moderate carbohydrate (50%) levels was associated with the highest mortality risk. Across the total energy intake levels, lower mortality risk was observed in two separate regions consisting of higher protein (30%), higher carbohydrate (60%), and lower fat levels (10%) or lower protein (10%), moderate carbohydrate (45%), and higher fat levels (45%). These findings highlight a complex nonlinear and interactive association between macronutrients and all-cause mortality such that several distinct dietary compositions are associated with similarly high or low risk. Future research is needed to explore the drivers of these associations and whether they differ across varying dietary patterns and populations.
Improvements in Survival and Early Retirement Rates – Real-World Evidence on Danish Breast Cancer Patients 2004–2018

Background Historically, Denmark has had poor survival for cancer patients relative to other western countries with comparable health-care systems. In this study, we examine the long-term cancer impact of a nationwide reform addressing all cancer diagnostics, implemented in 2006. The analyses include patients diagnosed with breast cancer and their spouses (informal caregivers). Patients and their spouses diagnosed before and after the reform were compared. Focus is on the potential impact on overall survival, early retirement, sick leave, unemployment as well as earnings (income). Methods In a nationwide retrospective cohort study utilizing the Danish National Patient Register we identified 77,474 breast cancer patients between 1st January 2002 and 31st December 2018. Data was merged with the National Cancer Register, the Central Person Register, the Education Register, the DREAM Register and the Income Register using citizens’ personal identification number. Spouses of cancer patients were identified through the Central Person Register. Propensity score matching was applied to match populations before and after the reform. Analyses on matched as well as unmatched populations were performed. Results In a matched sample, risk of mortality was reduced by 15% for breast cancer patients diagnosed after the reform. Moreover, there was a 15% reduced risk of early retirement. The patients diagnosed after the reform had reduced income three to five years after diagnosis relative to those diagnosed before the reform, likely due to survival bias and labor market conditions. In an unmatched sample of patients diagnosed two years before or after the reform, mortality was reduced by 7%. Conclusion Implementation of the nationwide cancer reform together with advancement in new cancer treatments had a positive impact on survival and reduced risk of early retirement. The results from this study are reassuring that relevant health-care reforms improve cancer outcome.