Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
REVISITING THE MARSHALL MCLUHAN METAPHOR “THE MEDIUM IS THE MESSAGE” Alemoh,

In the communication process, the medium certainly holds a place of importance, but could this be taken to mean that the medium is more important than the message that is passed through it? This is the crux of Marshall McLuhan's argument that the medium impacts on the society much more than the message does. In this paper, we differ with McLuhan on the grounds that the medium, outside the message, cannot produce any effect on society. However, as a point of convergence with his postulation, this paper admits that every medium introduced to society usually engenders noticeable changes in the communication behaviour of its users.
THE ROLE OF VOLATILE COMPONENTS IN THE PROCESS OF THERMAL DESTRUCTION AND IGNITION OF THE SUNFLOWER HUSK BIOMASS

The final composition of volatile components in the process of oxidative pyrolysis depends on the temperature level of the process. The gas output increases with the growth of hydrogen, methane and heavy hydrocarbons concentration in the process of pyrolysis in the range of 200-500°C. In this case, there is a noticeable decrease in undesirable impurities in the output of carbon dioxide and nitrogen in the fuel gas. The obtained data on the dynamics of thermal decomposition of biomass under heating conditions reflect the complex dependence of the yield of total gas individual components both on time and on the temperature of the process. The more volatiles contained in the source fuel, (the other things being equal) the faster the gas mixture ignites, and the more intensely it burns out. The composition and temperature of the gas mixture affects the pressure drop and auto-ignition temperature in the pyrolysis chamber. It was found that the lowest self-ignition temperature of a gas mixture is 490°C. A series of experiments to determine the critical condition for self-ignition at a constant temperature of 490°C and various initial pressures of the mixture (100-300 kPa) was carried out. It was found that the transition from a smooth increase in pressure of 90 kPa to an explosive one (up to 300-400 kPa) depends on the composition and temperature of the gas mixture. Therefore, the composition of the gas and its ignition temperature can be controlled by adjusting the mode of pressure increase in the reactor.
JIMMA UNIVERSITY JIMMA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING Performance Analysis of D2D Based WiFi Offloading for 5G Cellular Network

Cellular traffics are increased from time to time.This traffic increase will be difficult for the cellular network to handle everything on its own. To handle this traffic 5G uses millimeter wave technology which have frequency range 30Ghz300Ghz.But there is a problem with this millimeter wave in using it in 5G is that waves at these wavelength(1-10mm) gets easily attenuated by the surrounding and they cannot penetrate from a thick wall as well. Configuration of many small cells may solve this problem, which is expensive. This work studies a routing scheme for offloaded 5G cellular data where the data at a user’s telephone set will be first collect in WiFi queue to offload over WiFi and if the WiFi connection is inactive in the user’s telephone set then the data will wait in the queue for a given deadline and while it waits in the WiFi queue, the user’s telephone set will try to set up a device to device (D2D) connection with a neighboring telephone set with an active WiFi connection. When the deadline will reach for the data in the WiFi queue, the user data will be directed to the neighboring telephone set which has an active WiFi connection and which will permit the user’s data to be offloaded through it, else, if no telephone set with an active WiFi connection is found in the environment, after the deadline the data will be sent to the BTS through several small cells. This routing technique increases the probability of getting the wifi server for the user. The Matlab simulation shows transmission delay can be reduced by increasing the deadline rate and also it shows for the same time interval D2D (situation 2)offloading has better utilization factor from delayed wifi offloading (situation 1) and D2D offloading has less average queue length than a WiFi offloading. This shows that D2D offloading has better transmission rate. The result analyzes the effect of increasing number of servers on utilization factor. The simulation result shows that D2D based wifi offloading is 20% more efficient than delayed wifi offloading interms of utilization factor. Keyword:5G, Cellular Network, D2D, Transmission Delay, WiFi Offloading, Utilization factor ii
DISCOLORATION AND MICROBIAL GROWTH OF BEEF STORED UNDER AEROBIC CONDITIONS

The objective of this study was to investigate changes in meat organoleptic characteristics, microbial flora and their relationship when beef was stored aerobically for 10 days. Beef steaks wrapped with oxygen permeable film were stored in air at 4 °C. Beef pH, color (L*, a*, b*), and microbial counts were measured. Combination of T-RFLP and cloning of bacterial 16S rDNA was applied to study bacterial community structure and identity. Results showed that redness (a*) decreased significantly from day 7 to day 10, with the formation of metmyoglobin. Total bacterial counts reached 8.4 log10 CFU/cm at day 10, in which Pseudomonas spp. and Brochothrix spp. were the two dominant species. By PCA analysis, a close relationship between bacterial growth and meat discoloration was found. Those findings indicate that Pseudomonas spp. and Brochothrix spp. have a potential influence on meat discoloration.
DP Solutions with Rudder Force Feedback for Exposed Aquaculture

Aquaculture and especially exposed aquaculture is a business heading into a period of large growth and rapid change. Considerable amounts of resources are and will be put into research to insure safe and sustainable operations at exposed locations, and for the business in general. A key factor is precise manoeuvrability of vessels operating at fish farms, both to avoid collision and in insuring minimal disturbance on the fish environment. Thrust and manoeuvring devices are obviously a critical part of this process. The rudder is known for its efficiency in transit, though has shortcomings in terms of flexibility and low speed manoeuvring. Though the rudder may never be as precise as e.g. azimuth thrusters at DP operations, it might be able to compete on overall operational performance such as fuel consumption. However to avoid that the expenses of DP operation absorbs the gains of effective transit, we need to utilize the potential of the rudder to its maximum. Thrust allocation schemes for effective use of rudders in DP is already developed in e.g. Lindegaard and Fossen [2003]. When a rudder is exposed to incoming velocity it is able to produce sideways lift forces and longitudinal drag forces. With a twin propeller-rudder configuration one might utilize the lift forces to produce sum sideways forces. This can add to manoeuvrability, and in a best case scenario one might be able to comply with safety and performance standards with one less tunnel thruster. An obstacle when utilizing rudders to produce sideways forces, is mathematical modelling. Precise modelling of rudder forces is challenging at steady state conditions, and to add further difficulties, rudder performance is known to change with varying external conditions. The main contribution of this thesis is the design and testing of a simple force feedback control system. The goal is to minimize the effect of deviations between the mathematical model of rudders in the control allocation, and the actual thruster output. Through simulations we prove that the force feedback system is both power saving compared to not using rudders and has enhanced motion tracking compared to DP with rudders but without force feedback. Overall we conclude that it is absolutely possible that rudders are a part of the manoeuvring system which is most cost effective for well boats in aquaculture. Further work is however necessary. Relevant areas are e.g. control allocation, the effect of noisy force measurements on station keeping performance, time varying rudder dynamics, utilizing of force measurement in autopilots and life cycle cost analysis.
Extracting Structured Information From Unstructured Text Using Synthesis and Learning

We present a framework to extract structured information from unstructured natural language text. We show that even in an unstructured document we can extract information as long as the information has some syntactic structure to it. We develop a framework that takes a corpus of documents and very few examples of entities to be extracted from these documents. The framework then uses ML and program synthesis techniques to extract the entities from the rest of the documents in the corpus.
RATOONING ABILITY OF DIVERSE SUGARCANE CULTIVARS UNDER NATURAL SHORT- AND LONG-TERM WATERLOGGED FIELD CONDITIONS

The productivity of sugarcane crops, especially that of ratoon cane, is seriously limited by flooding. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ratooning ability, yield, yield components, and sugar yield of sugarcanes cultivated under natural field conditions with shortand long-term waterlogging. The first ratoon field experiments were conducted separately under shortand long-term waterlogging conditions. Plant cane in these fields experienced corresponding flooding. Each trial was arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications, and 12 diverse sugarcane cultivars were assigned as treatments. Germination percentage was recorded 1 month after the harvest. At the final harvest of ratoon cane, millable canes, stalk weight, stalk length, stalk diameter, sugar yield, and yield were determined, and ratooning ability was then calculated. Long-term flooding but not short-term waterlogging could disturb the germination percentage of ratoon cane. Good germination with appropriate yield components in ratoon contributed to high ratooning ability and yield potential under natural waterlogging. A positive correlation between millable cane and cane yield existed, and this trait could be used as the selection criterion for high-yielding cultivars under waterlogging conditions. Stalk length could also be used as a surrogate trait under short-term waterlogging conditions for ratoon cane.
Case Study on Improvement in Plant Layout Design

Layout problems are found in every industry with variety of types. They are known for impacting the system performance. So it is important for industries to improve the plant layout design and simultaneously take into consideration to reduce their cost and expenses involved so as to survive in the competitive world. There are number of solution techniques available to optimize plant layout design. Lots of research papers and many of literature reviews exist on these variety of techniques developed by many of researchers till now, but they are restricted to certain specific aspects of the plant layout problems. This paper will give the complete idea about the plant layout design without any specific consideration. The paper includes understanding of plant layout and its types, location problems, formulation methods of those problems, methodologies and simulation techniques. In the end complete process is summarized so that anyone interested in this area can choose best suitable technique that can be implemented to the particular case and start working on it from the basics. This paper will guide at a macro level to understand all aspect of plant layout design. Case study taken in this paper is of one of the MNC. Systematic Layout Planning (SLP) method has been applied which gives solution in terms of minimized travelling distance and reduced material handling. Analysis of previously designed layout and final layout came out of Systematic Layout Planning (SLP) showed that material flow throughout the plant area is reduced by 38.2% and additional 70 square meters of area is created for kitting.
Szérumbiomarkerek akut lumbalis-lumbosacralis fájdalomban acute

focused on patients with chronic low back pain, while fewer studies addressed the issue of detectab-le biomarkers in the acute phase. Previous studies suggest that pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF- α , IL-6, and IL-8 and anti-inflammatory IL-4 and IL-10 play an important role in the inflammatory response following intervertebral disc herniation. According to the approach of personalized medicine it is important to identify subsets of patients within the acute patient group regarding etiology, prognosis and treatment. In addition, if we can identify subgroups based on levels of pro-inflammatory biomarkers, where inflammation may be the leading cause of pain, we assume that this subgroup would likely be effectively treated with anti-inflammatory medication. The efficacy of TNF- α inhibitors and IL-6 inhibitors in treating low back pain and sciatica has already been tested in clinical trials, but further studies are required. Overall, identification of circulating biomarkers of acute low back pain and sciatica may assist in refining personalized diagnosis and treatment. Further research is needed to evaluate the role of inflammation in acute low back pain and sciatica, to identify what methods are appropriate for evaluation in clinical prac tice, and whether there are biomarkers of prognostic value in these patients. PDGF = (platelet-derived growth factor) thrombocytaeredetű növekedési faktor; PEA = (proximity extension assay) proximity extenziós vizsgálat; RANTES = regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted; TNF α = tumornekrózisfaktor-alfa; VAS = vizuális analóg skála; VEGF = (vascular endothelial growth factor) ér-eredetű endothelialis növekedési faktor
Residents’ Attitudes Toward Supporting the Heritage Sites Using the Structural Equation Modeling (Sem), Case Study: Mansoura Culture Palace, Egypt

Supporting heritage sites through local communities to protect and develop them is one of the most complex issues due to the multiplicity and overlapping of its variables. To improve the performance of the population in supporting heritage sites, the research discusses a methodology to discover the relationships and correlations between the extent to which the local population is affected by the heritage site and their participation in decision-making, and their negative or positive attitude toward the site, which ultimately affects their support for the survival and development of the heritage site or its disposal. The study was conducted by adopting a theoretical model for the components of population support for the site and development of Mansoura Culture Palace in Egypt. A questionnaire survey was conducted and the structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to check the validity of the relationships and discover the correlation between the elements of the model that included dimensions (population’s satisfaction with the way of dealing with heritage sites and their sense of place, and the involvement of community members in the decision-making action), and between the two variables of the positive or negative attitude of the population, as well as support the heritage site. The methodology was clarified and its statistical indicators were presented using CFA, SPSS, and AMOS software, with the aim of determining the extent to which theoretical models of measurement match with field data, to reach a real development to support heritage sites through the local community. The paper concluded that the residents' support for the survival and development of the heritage site was positively affected by the residents' positive attitudes toward the site, vice versa. Both positive and negative attitudes were affected by residents' satisfaction and their sense of place, while positive attitudes were affected only by participation. These results can be considered a catalyst for the sustainable development of heritage sites.
C LASS I MBALANCE IN F EW -S HOT L EARNING

Few-shot learning aims to train models on a limited number of labeled samples from a support set in order to generalize to unseen samples from a query set. In the standard setup, the support set contains an equal amount of data points for each class. This assumption overlooks many practical considerations arising from the dynamic nature of the real world, such as class-imbalance. In this paper, we present a detailed study of few-shot class-imbalance along three axes: dataset vs. support set imbalance, effect of different imbalance distributions (linear, step, random), and effect of rebalancing techniques. We extensively compare over 10 state-of-the-art few-shot learning methods using backbones of different depths on multiple datasets. Our analysis reveals that 1) compared to the balanced task, the performances of their class-imbalance counterparts always drop, by up to 18.0% for optimization-based methods, although feature-transfer and metric-based methods generally suffer less, 2) strategies used to mitigate imbalance in supervised learning can be adapted to the few-shot case resulting in better performances, 3) the effects of imbalance at the dataset level are less significant than the effects at the support set level. The code to reproduce the experiments is released under an open-source license.
The Effect of Transformational Leadership Behaviours among Public School Managers on Teachers’ self-efficacy in Egypt

Purpose The aim of this study was to examine the effects of transformational leadership behaviours of primary school managers on teacher self-efficacy in the context of public schools in Egypt. Design/methodology/approach – This study was descriptive and was conducted using "crosssectional survey" design. Correlation and regression were used in the analysis of the data. Findings – the results showed that the school managers' transformational leadership behaviours had a positive relationship with teachers' selfefficacy. The results of the significance of regression coefficients indicates that the dimensions of transformational leadership, namely encourage the heart, inspire a shared vision, enable others to act, and challenge the process significantly affect teachers' self-efficacy. Model the way influenced teacher self-efficacy but not to a significant level. Research limitations/implications – the findings of this study have significant implications for professional development programs in Egypt. The results suggest the need for preparing school managers on how to motivate their teachers to fulfill the school vision by setting the example, motivating, and inspiring them to perform better. Originality/value – The contribution of this study resides in two areas. Firstly, given the scarcity of research on the leadership styles, this study seeks to develop the knowledge base on transformational form of leadership within Egyptian context. Secondly, it is hoped this study will contribute to diversify the global knowledge in educational management. The Effect of Transformational Leadership Behaviours among Public School Managers on Teachers’ self-efficacy in Egypt The Effect of Transformational Leadership Behaviours among Public School Managers on Teachers’ self-efficacy in Egypt
Setting up and Tutoring the Working Groups of a Virtual Learning Community

Collaborative work has emerged as a hot research topic in Virtual Learning Communities since it may considerably improve the knowledge quality and experience of students. However, this novel approach makes the assessment process challenging (i.e., interactions between virtual students, their achievements, and their pro ﬁ les have to be properly addressed). The purpose of this paper is to propose a comprehensive Intelligent Tutoring System for Virtual Learning Communities that relies on arti ﬁ cial intelligence techniques which are able to manage the speci ﬁ cities of the collaborative working groups that arise in this domain. These speci ﬁ cities can be summarized in the following four goals: 1) conduct an individualized tracking of every student upon the collected data from his/her pro ﬁ le and daily work, 2) con ﬁ gure the classroom to maximize the performance of all its members, 3) automatically obtain the teacher’s feedback about the class operation and possible anomalies, and 4) monitor the working groups behaviour and achievements automatically to redirect their operation when necessary. The framework of the proposed system is described, a proof of concept is presented, and a new virtual student pro ﬁ le, named as bystander, is identi ﬁ ed in preliminary experimentations.
(2018). Assessing cattle welfare at slaughter – Why is it important and what challenges are faced? Meat

The welfare of animals in the meat industry, especially at the time of slaughter, has become an area of increasing public scrutiny and has prompted research on its assessment, and enhancement. Fundamental factors such as the effects of transport, reactions of the animals to novel environments and underlying commercial pressures which impose ‘speed’ and ‘robustness of action’ in the way animals are handled, can pose a challenge when establishing a valid, reliable and feasible welfare assessment protocol for use at slaughter. The purpose of this review is to assess published work on animal welfare at slaughter, with a focus on the current methods used to assess cattle welfare in the slaughterhouse, which are outlined in the scientific and trade literature, and how these relate to the interaction between the environment, the animal, and slaughterhouse personnel.
A Na (cid:1) /Cl (cid:2) -coupled GABA Transporter, GAT-1, from Caenorhabditis elegans STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL FEATURES, SPECIFIC EXPRESSION IN GABA-ERGIC NEURONS, AND INVOLVEMENT IN MUSCLE FUNCTION*

GABA functions as an inhibitory neurotransmitter in body muscles and as an excitatory neurotransmitter in enteric muscles in Caenorhabditis elegans . Whereas many of the components of the GABA-ergic neurotransmission in this organism have been identified at the molecular and functional levels, no transporter specific for this neurotransmitter has been identified to date. Here we report on the cloning and functional characterization of a GABA transporter from C. elegans (ceGAT-1) and on the functional relevance of the transporter to the biology of body muscles and enteric muscles. ceGAT-1 is coded by snf-11 gene, a member of the sodium-depend-ent neurotransmitter symporter gene family in C. elegans . The cloned ceGAT-1 functions as a Na (cid:1) /Cl (cid:2) -cou-pled high-affinity transporter selective for GABA with a K t of (cid:1) 15 (cid:3) M . The Na (cid:1) :Cl (cid:2) :GABA stoichiometry for ce-GAT-1-mediated transport process is 2:1:1. The transport process is electrogenic as evidenced from GABA-induced inward currents in Xenopus laevis oocytes that express