Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quenching modes of local flame–wall interaction for turbulent premixed methane combustion in a constant volume vessel

The quenching mode of local flame–wall interaction (FWI) is investigated for its response to different levels of turbulence intensity as well as its effect on quenching distance, wall heat flux, and near-wall reaction. For that, direct numerical simulations of turbulent premixed methane combustion in a constant volume vessel are carried with initial Karlovitz numbers (Ka) of 1.0, 10.0, and 30.0. Local flame–wall quenching positions are identified based on the local fuel consumption speed during the turbulent combustion process, and the local FWI events have been classified into four quenching modes according to the flame–wall geometric relationships of quenching positions, namely head-on quenching (HOQ), oblique-wall quenching, side-wall quenching (SWQ), and back-on quenching (BOQ). The results show that in the case with higher initial Ka, the flame surface shows a more complicated wrinkled structure due to the flame–turbulence interaction. Meanwhile, the local quenching distance defined based on the identified quenching position is strongly influenced by the near-wall flow, and the range of the local quenching mode extends further to BOQ. However, for all three cases, HOQ and near-HOQ modes account for the majority of local FWI. Wall heat flux and heat release rate (HRR) of near-wall reaction yield high values for the FWI under HOQ or BOQ and are low for SWQ. In addition, there is a discrepancy in the near-wall transportation of some species under different quenching modes, which further leads to the difference in FWI-induced near-wall reaction regarding its total and elementary HRR.
3D Shape Reconstruction Based on Digital Holography of Stereo Matching Techonology

Based on the combination of digital holography and stereo matching technology,a 3D measurement method for 3D shape reconstruction and measurement of digital holography is presented. Firstly, the offaxis Fresnel digital holography system is used, and the single offaxis Fresnel digital hologram of 3D object is obtained. And then,the digital hologram is divided into two parts,two reconstructed images are obtained after the reconsturction,and two reconstructed images exist disparity. At last, the disparity map can be achieved from the matching of two views. Based on geometric relationship, the depth information can be derived from disparity map and used to reconstruct 3D shape of the object. In the experiments,the shape of the scatter and continuous objects are measured by the proposed method, and relative accuracy depth information is derived. The validity of this method is proved by numerical simulation and initial optical experiment.
Reshifting Na+ from Shoots into Long Roots Is Associated with Salt Tolerance in Two Contrasting Inbred Maize (Zea mays L.) Lines

Maize, as a glycophyte, is hypersensitive to salinity, but the salt response mechanism of maize remains unclear. In this study, the physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses of two contrasting inbred lines, the salt-tolerant QXH0121 and salt-sensitive QXN233 lines, were investigated in response to salt stress. Under salt stress, the tolerant QXH0121 line exhibited good performance, while in the sensitive QXN233 line, there were negative effects on the growth of the leaves and roots. The most important finding was that QXH0121 could reshift Na+ from shoots into long roots, migrate excess Na+ in shoots to alleviate salt damage to shoots, and also improve K+ retention in shoots, which were closely associated with the enhanced expression levels of ZmHAK1 and ZmNHX1 in QXH0121 compared to those in QXN233 under salt stress. Additionally, QXH0121 leaves accumulated more proline, soluble protein, and sugar contents and had higher SOD activity levels than those observed in QXN233, which correlated with the upregulation of ZmP5CR, ZmBADH, ZmTPS1, and ZmSOD4 in QXH0121 leaves. These were the main causes of the higher salt tolerance of QXH0121 in contrast to QXN233. These results broaden our knowledge about the underlying mechanism of salt tolerance in different maize varieties, providing novel insights into breeding maize with a high level of salt resistance.
GPR-160 Receptor Signaling in the Dorsal Vagal Complex of Male Rats Modulates Meal Microstructure and CART-Mediated Hypophagia

The g-protein coupled receptor GPR-160, recently identified as a putative receptor for the cocaine and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) peptide, shows abundant expression in the energy-balance control nuclei, including the dorsal vagal complex (DVC). However, its physiological role in the control of food intake has yet to be fully explored. Here, we performed a virally mediated, targeted knockdown (KD) of Gpr160 in the DVC of male rats to evaluate its physiological role in control of feeding. Our results indicate that DVC Gpr160 KD affects meal microstructure. Specifically, DVC Gpr160 KD animals consumed more frequent, but shorter meals during the dark phase and showed decreased caloric intake and duration of meals during the light phase. Cumulatively, however, these bidirectional effects on feeding resulted in no difference in body weight gain. We next tested the role of DVC GPR-160 in mediating the anorexigenic effects of exogenous CART. Our results show that DVC Gpr160 KD partially attenuates CART’s anorexigenic effects. To further characterize Gpr160+ cells in the DVC, we utilized single-nucleus RNA sequencing data to uncover abundant GPR-160 expression in DVC microglia and only minimal expression in neurons. Altogether, our results suggest that DVC CART signaling may be mediated by Gpr160+ microglia, which in turn may be modulating DVC neuronal activity to control food intake.
Organic Electrochemical Transistors (OECTs): Advancements and Exciting Prospects for Future Biosensing Applications

Over the past few decades, the field of organic electronics has depicted proliferated growth, due to the advantageous characteristics of organic semiconductors, such as tunability through synthetic chemistry, simplicity in processing, cost-effectiveness, and low-voltage operation, to cite a few. Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) have recently emerged as a highly promising technology in the area of biosensing and flexible electronics. OECT-based biosensors are capable of sensing brain activities, tissues, monitoring cells, hormones, DNAs, and glucose. Sensitivity, selectivity, and detection limit are the key parameters adopted for measuring the performance of OECT-based biosensors. This article highlights the advancements and exciting prospects of OECTs for future biosensing applications, such as cell-based biosensing, chemical sensing, DNA/ribonucleic acid (RNA) sensing, glucose sensing, immune sensing, ion sensing, and pH sensing. OECT-based biosensors outperform other conventional biosensors because of their excellent biocompatibility, high transconductance, and mixed electronic–ionic conductivity. At present, OECTs are fabricated and characterized in millimeter and micrometer dimensions, and miniaturizing their dimensions to nanoscale is the key challenge for utilizing them in the field of nanobioelectronics, nanomedicine, and nanobiosensing.
A Guided Neural Network Approach to Predict Early Readmission of Diabetic Patients

Diabetes is a major chronic health problem affecting millions globally. Effective diabetes management can reduce the risk of hospital readmission and the associated financial losses for both the healthcare system and insurance companies. Hospital readmission is a high-priority healthcare quality measure that reflects the inadequacies in the healthcare system that also increase healthcare costs and negatively influence hospitals’ reputation. Predicting readmissions in the early stages prompts great attention to patients with a high risk of readmission. There has been some attempt in applying machine learning predictive models such as ensemble learning with Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) to correctly identify if the readmission can happen within 30 days (< 30 days) or it may never happen or happens after 30 days ( $\ge 30$ days). We are proposing a new method that is applied to ANN to guide it through its gradient descent optimizers by realizing consistent vs inconsistent data in every batch. Our results show that there are up to 1.5% improvement in classification accuracies in both 2-class and 3-class variations of the experimented benchmark dataset when using the guided optimizer to train the ANN as opposed to the standard optimizer. Guided ANN is also able to achieve better error convergence than standard ANN.
2010 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Programming Errors

The list is the result of collaboration between the SANS Institute, MITRE, and many top software security experts in the US and Europe. It leverages experiences in the development of the SANS Top 20 attack vectors (http://www.sans.org/top20/) and MITRE's Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) (http://cwe.mitre.org/). MITRE maintains the CWE web site, with the support of the US Department of Homeland Security's National Cyber Security Division, presenting detailed descriptions of the top 25 programming errors along with authoritative guidance for mitigating and avoiding them. The CWE site also contains data on more than 700 additional programming errors, design errors, and architecture errors that can lead to exploitable vulnerabilities.
Competition between Förster Resonance Energy Transfer and Donor Photodynamics in Plasmonic Dimer Nanoantennas

Plasmonic optical antennas enhance and control the emission of quantum sources in the far-field. Interestingly, the antenna concept can also be applied to enhance the electric field produced by a quantum emitter in the near-field and increase the rate of Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) between two nearby donor and acceptor dipole emitters. However, plasmonic antennas also influence numerous other photophysical processes such as the donor excitation intensity and decay dynamics and the acceptor emission yield, which compete with the observation of FRET. Understanding the balance between FRET and these processes and monitoring FRET under intense resonant optical confinement in plasmonic nanoantennas have remained challenging open questions. Here, we use DNA-driven self-assembly to accurately produce 40 and 60 nm gold nanoparticle dimer antennas containing a single FRET pair located in the center of a 14 nm gap. The spontaneous donor decay rate constants are increased by 2 orders of magnitude, creat.
Hydraulic jumps in 'viscous' accretion disks

It is proposed that the dissipative process necessary for rapid accretion disk evolution is driven by hydraulic jump waves on the surface of the disk. These waves are excited by the asymmetric nature of the central rotator (e.g., neutron star magnetosphere) and spiral out into the disk to form a pattern corotating with the central object. Disk matter in turn is slowed slightly at each encounter with the jump and spirals inward. In this process, the disk is heated by true turbulence produced in the jumps. Additional effects, such as a systematic misalignment of the magnetic moment of the neutron star until it is nearly orthogonal, and systematic distortion of the magnetosphere in such a way as to form an even more asymmetric central 'paddle wheel', may enhance the interaction with inflowing matter. The application to X-ray sources corresponds to the 'slow' solutions of Ghosh and Lamb, and therefore to rms magnetic fields of about 4 x 10 to the 10th gauss. Analogous phenomena have been proposed to act in the formation of galactic spiral structure.
Fundamental theorems of functional analysis and applications

Among the fundamental theorems of Functional Analysis are the open mapping theorem, the closed graph theorem, the uniform boundedness principle, the BanachSteinhaus theorem and the Hahn-Banach theorem. We study them in the context of Banach spaces and applications in Analysis like the divergence of Fourier series, the Riesz representation theorem, the existence of nowhere differentiable continuous functions, etc. Apart from Mathematics, we demonstrate that those theorems can play an important role in Physics by examining two more applications: the moment problem and a rocket ascent. The whole thesis outlines that those theorems are applied in many disciplines and can lead to relevant results.
A Pseudoenergy Conservation Law for the Two-Dimensional Primitive Equations

Abstract Unbalanced frontogenesis studies frequently employ a mathematical model known as the two-dimensional primitive equations, a reduction of the full three-dimensional primitive equations made by ignoring variations in the meridional direction. Such a model is interesting from a theoretical standpoint because it can describe both frontal systems and gravity waves simultaneously, and the process of gravity wave generation during frontogenesis can be investigated. In the past, theoretical studies of complex flows have benefitted from an exploitation of the underlying Hamiltonian structure of the relevant governing equations. In this article, the two-dimensional primitive equations are shown to be Hamiltonian as well (for the case of uniform background shear), and a symplectic representation, Casimir invariants, and a pseudoenergy conservation law are all determined.
Do Perceptions of School Climate Improve in High School for Students With Disabilities?

Positive perceptions of school climate correlate with many dimensions of academic well-being and student health. Unfortunately, some existing research finds more favorable perceptions in middle school for general education students (GENs) than for students with disabilities (SWDs). Given the importance of ninth grade to student success, it is important to know if perceptions improve when students go to high school, if they improve more for GENs than SWDs, and if they are mediated by school characteristics. Our analysis of rich student-level longitudinal data suggests that students perceive improvements in school climate when they transition to high school, school characteristics do mediate perceptions, and perceptions of GENs improve more (or decline less) than those of SWDs, resulting in gaps favoring GENs.
Journey to Open Science : un escape game virtuel pour sensibiliser les citoyens aux enjeux de la science ouverte

RÉSUMÉ. Les Bibliothèques Universitaires de Nouvelle-Aquitaine ont choisi d’utiliser un média ludique pour sensibiliser un large public à la science ouverte. Journey to Open Science a été créé par une équipe pluridisciplinaire avec une méthodologie visant au juste équilibre entre la pédagogie et le ludique, en s’appuyant sur la recherche en game studies. De premiers retours d’usage démontrent la pertinence de cette démarche. ABSTRACT. The University Libraries of Nouvelle-Aquitaine have chosen to use an entertaining media tool to raise awareness among the general public regarding open science. “Journey to Open Science” was created by a multidisciplinary team with a methodology aiming for the perfect balance between pedagogy and fun, and based on game studies research. Early feedback demonstrates how suitable this approach was.
GPS-Aided Automatic Site Survey Method for WiFi RTT-Based Positioning

The fine timing measurement protocol defined in the IEEE 802.11-2016 standard leads to precise ranging between WiFi devices. However, because the locations of WiFi access points (APs) are required for locating mobile devices, a site survey must be performed prior to the deployment of positioning services, which is extremely time-consuming. This article studies an automated site survey method that utilize the global positioning system (GPS) and built-in sensors in mobile devices. When a user enters an indoor site from outside, the outside trajectory is obtained using GPS and built-in sensors, and the indoor trajectory can be estimated solely relying on the sensor measurements. Thereafter, the locations of APs can be determined using the ranging results obtained at multiple positions on the estimated indoor trajectory. The experimental results revealed that the difference in average positioning error obtained using the estimated and perfect AP locations was 30 cm.
Mobility-aware caching strategy in an SDN-based cooperative caching network

The upsurge of mobile multimedia traffic puts a heavy burden on the cellular network, and wireless caching has emerged as a powerful technique to overcome the backhaul bottleneck and alleviate the network burden. However, most previous works ignored user mobility, thus not reaping the caching gain from user mobility and having limited practical applications. In this paper, a mobility-aware caching strategy for the software-defined network (SDN)-based network is studied. Firstly, since typical mobile user (MU) has multiple opportunities to connect with the nearby MUs and Small-base stations (SBSs), the contact times between MUs as well as between MU and SBSs are derived as the Poisson distribution and Gamma distribution. Secondly, we propose a two-tier cooperative caching strategy, where SBSs cache the rateless Fountain code encoded video blocks probabilistically and nonrepeatedly while MUs just store the whole encoded video received last time. The corresponding four-stage transmission process is analyzed, where the key intermediate step is the derivation of the service and the failing probabilities of each transmission manner. Finally, we derive the successful offloading rate and average data offloading ratio (ADOR) as performance metrics. A system optimization problem based on ADOR is formulated, and two solutions are proposed, namely, derivative-based solution (DB-Solution) and long-tail distribution approximation (LTD-Approximation). Simulation results demonstrate that the effectiveness of LTD-Approximation is similar to the DB-Solution, and the proposed caching strategy can achieve quasi-optimal performance compared with other contrast schemes.
Low‐Temperature Thermochronological Perspective on Geodynamic Evolution of the Cathaysia Block Since Early Mesozoic

Mesozoic intrusive rocks are extensively outcropped in the Cathaysia Block (CB), indicating that they underwent significant exhumation after being formed. However, tectonothermal evolution of the CB during Mesozoic–Cenozoic times is still poorly constrained and associated geodynamic mechanisms driving the regional exhumation remain elusive. Toward this end, we present first zircon and apatite (U‐Th)/He data of eight Mesozoic granitic plutons distributed across the intracontinental CB. Our new dating results are integrated with a compilation of regional low‐temperature thermochronological data to determine the CB evolution in a tectonic and topographic evolution framework. Zircon and apatite (U‐Th)/He central ages of the eight granitoids range from 146 to 30 and 82 to 31 Ma, respectively, implying a long‐lasting exhumation of the intracontinental CB. Inverse thermal modeling of the thermochronological data for the eight plutons indicates that the intracontinental CB underwent three exhumation phases at 150–110, 110–85, and 66–38 Ma, of which the former two exhumation phases were prolonged and significant. A compilation of regional thermochronological data reveals a propagating locus of fast exhumation phase from the intracontinental CB to the seaward epicontinental CB over time. Combined with other geological evidence, we infer that primary exhumation events of the CB resulted from changing subduction processes of the Paleo‐Pacific Plate, which include slab break‐off and foundering in the Late Jurassic, progressive slab retreat in the Early Cretaceous, and normal subduction in the Late Cretaceous, with minor exhumation events presumably triggered by the Paleogene opening of the South China Sea Basin.
Constraints of noncommutativity from Astrophysical studies

This paper is devoted to study the astrophysical consequences of noncommutativity, focusing in stellar dynamics and rotational curves of galaxies. We start exploring a star filled with an incompressible fluid and a noncommutative fluid under the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff background. We analyze the effective pressure and mass, resulting in a constraint for the noncommutative parameter. Also we explore the rotation curves of galaxies assuming that the dark matter halo is a noncommutative fluid, obtaining an average value of the noncommutative parameter through an analysis of twelve LSB galaxies; our results are compared with traditional models like Pseudoisothermal, Navarro-Frenk-White and Burkert. As a final remark, we summarize our results as: $\sqrt{\theta}>0.075R$, from star constraints which is strong dependent of the stellar radius and $\langle\sqrt{\theta}\rangle\simeq2.666\rm kpc$ with standard deviation $\sigma\simeq1.090\rm kpc$ from the galactic constraints.
α-Speedable and non α-Speedable Sets

α-Recursion theory was invented simultaneously by Kripke [15] and Platek [22] and served to generalize the theories of Takeuti [34], Machover [20], Kreisel and Sacks [14] and others. Kripke (in [16]) derived machinery to construct an analogue to Kleene's T-predicate enabling him to assert that all of unrelativized ordinary recursion theory (as found in Kleene [13]) lifted to α-recursion theory. As a result, we were able to set down in [8] α-analogues to Blum's [1] well-studied axioms, thus, introducing the study of α-computational complexity theory.
On the Functioning of the Southern Oscillation in the South American Sector. Part I: Surface Climate

Abstract The functioning of the Southern Oscillation (SO) over South America and the surrounding tropical Atlantic and eastern Pacific Oceans is studied through analyses of bimonthly patterns of correlation between an SO index and the fields of pressure, wind, temperature and rainfall; hydrometeorological anomalies being further ascertained from river discharge and lake level records and measurements of outgoing longwave radiation. Most pronounced is the anomalously low pressure over the eastern Pacific during the negative SO phase (defined by anomalously low/high pressure at Tahiti/Darwin). Consistently positive SO-pressure correlations over the eastern tropical Pacific extend eastward into the North Atlantic region and southern South America during the respective winter semester. During the austral winter the tendency for anomalously abundant rainfall in central Chile during the negative SO phase appears related to an anomalously weak and northward displaced South Pacific subtropical high, while relativ.