Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Embracing the principles of practice transfer to get the word out on the new metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease nomenclature

NAFLDhas a new name,metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) (pronounced ma-zuld). This new moniker was announced at the European Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (EASL) conference on June 24, 2023. MASLD is now one subcategory of steatotic liver disease, an overarching categorization of diseases that cause an accumulation of fat in liver cells. [1] While there is global endorsement of this change in nomenclature by professional and hepatology patient advocacy organizations, we must ensure global adoption by immediately turning our attention to the broader community who are likely unaware of this news. Having been involved in the Delphi process that led to the name change of NAFLD,[1] I must admit that I was ill-prepared to help promote adoption of the new nomenclature within my organization and local community. Up until now, my efforts have been rather haphazard, lacking a systematic approach to reaching the audiences most impacted by these changes. To provide some context, my methods so far have included informing patients as they entered my clinic; creating a personal “dot phrase” shortcut for our hospital’s electronic medical record system to notify referring doctors of the change (“NAFLD, now calledMASLD.”); sharing the announcement with colleagues in my division and personal networks; and leveraging social media platforms to amplify the nomenclature. I want to emphasize that I do not dismiss the significance of these attempts; rather, I acknowledge that they lacked a strategic approach andweremostly “one-offs. ”
Resonance and elastic nonlinear phenomena in rock

In a great variety of laboratory experiments over large intervals in stress, strain, and frequency, rocks display pronounced nonlinear elastic behavior. Here we describe nonlinear response in rock from resonance experiments. Two important features of nonlinear resonant behavior are a shift in resonant frequency away from the linear resonant frequency as the amplitude of the disturbance is increased and the harmonics in the time signal that accompany this shift. We have conducted Young's mode resonance experiments using bars of a variety of rock types (limestone, sandstone, marble, chalk) and of varying diameters and lengths. Typically, samples with resonant frequencies of approximately 0.5-1.5 kHz display resonant frequency shifts of 10% or more, over strain intervals of 10 -7 to 10 -6 and under a variety of saturation conditions and ambient pressure conditions. Correspondingly rich harmonic spectra measured from the time signal progressively develop with increasing drive level. In our experiments to date, the resonant peak is observed to always shift downward (if indeed the peak shifts), indicating a net softening of the modulus with drive level. This observation is in agreement with our pulse mode and static test observations, and those of other researchers. Resonant peak shift is not always observed, even at large drive levels ; however, harmonics are always observed even in the absence of peak shift when detected strain levels exceed 10 -7 or so. This is an unexpected result. Important implications for the classical perturbation model approach to resonance results from this work. Observations imply that stress-strain hysteresis and discrete memory may play an important role in dynamic measurements and should be included in modeling. This work also illustrates that measurement of linear modulus and Q must be undertaken with great caution when using resonance.
Effect of lime treatment on geotechnical properties of Dunkirk sediments in France

The increasing cost associated with high-quality materials has lead to the need for sediments to be treated and then used in road construction in the context of durable development. Therefore, the modification and stabilisation of Dunkirk marine sediments by using lime is necessary to study for their potential use in road construction. Based on the physical characteristics of untreated sediments, a series of laboratory tests to investigate the geotechnical properties of untreated sediments and lime-treated sediments, such as unconfined compressive strength tests, standard oedometer tests, direct shear tests and triaxial tests, were performed. Lime was added in percentages of 3% and 6%, by weight of dry sediments. The test results show a significant improvement in unconfined compressive strength and shear strength due to the addition of lime. From the strain–stress relationship of compressive strength tests, it can be found that the failure mode of solidified sediments develops gradually from plastic failure to brittle failure, while the failure strength increases and the failure strain decreases with lime content. Compared with untreated sediments, the shear strength parameters of solidified sediments determined by direct shear tests, such as internal friction angle and cohesion, are increased owing to the pozzolanic reaction between lime and clay minerals. Using the oedometer apparatus, it is observed that after lime treatment, the preconsolidation pressure, the coefficient of consolidation and the compression index are increased, while the swelling index is decreased. The characteristics of the deviator stress–axial strain relation and the pore water pressure distribution under different confining stresses are compared with untreated and treated sediments, and the effect of lime content on cohesion and internal friction angle determined by triaxial tests is discussed.
Nitrogen and phosphorus budgets for sorghum and cowpea production under simulated sole- and intercropping systems in low- and medium-P soils

1 Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Engineering, University of Zimbabwe, P.O Box MP167, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe. 2 Department of Research and Specialist Services, Chemistry and Soil Research Institute, Fifth Street Extension, P. O. Box CY550, Causeway, Harare, Zimbabwe. 3 Soil Water Management and Soil Crop Nutrition Laboratory, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Wagramer Strasse 5, P.O Box 100, A-1400 Vienna, Austria.
Mineralogy of the Mafic Anomaly in the South Pole‐Aitken Basin: Implications for excavation of the lunar mantle

The mineralogy of South Pole‐Aitken Basin [SPA] (the largest confirmed impact basin on the Moon) is evaluated using five‐color images from Clementine. Although olivine‐rich material as well as basalts rich in clinopyroxene are readily identified elsewhere on the farside, the dominant rock type observed across the interior of SPA is of a very noritic composition. This mineralogy suggests that lower crust rather than the mantle is the dominant source of the mafic component at SPA. The lack of variation in observed noritic composition is probably due to basin formation processes, during which extensive melting and mixing of target materials are likely to occur.
Incorporating external information to improve sparse signal detection in rare‐variant gene‐set‐based analyses

Gene‐set analyses are used to assess whether there is any evidence of association with disease among a set of biologically related genes. Such an analysis typically treats all genes within the sets similarly, even though there is substantial, external, information concerning the likely importance of each gene within each set. For example, for traits that are under purifying selection, we would expect genes showing extensive genic constraint to be more likely to be trait associated than unconstrained genes. Here we improve gene‐set analyses by incorporating such external information into a higher‐criticism‐based signal detection analysis. We show that when this external information is predictive of whether a gene is associated with disease, our approach can lead to a significant increase in power. Further, our approach is particularly powerful when the signal is sparse, that is when only a small number of genes within the set are associated with the trait. We illustrate our approach with a gene‐set analysis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and implicate a number of gene‐sets containing SOD1 and NEK1 as well as showing enrichment of small p values for gene‐sets containing known ALS genes. We implement our approach in the R package wHC.
Optimization and Study of Grid Impact on Photovoltaic Installation — Connected 785 MVA Steam Turbine Power Plant for Industry

Increased solar integration as a variable renewable energy (VRE) brings many benefits and challenges, especially in typical industrial grids. This paper introduces a methodology to find the optimum installation and operational points for PV by considering several constraints such as generation limitation, spinning reserve, and steam demand to meet plant process operating requirements. In this paper, an analysis will be conducted to investigate the intermittent of renewable energy on the security and stability of the power system with several options for solar capacity. The modeling and simulation of S steam turbine generators and PV will be performed using PowerFactory Digsilent, a power system software that offers various solutions for power system analysis and simulation. Meanwhile the study of UCED is also carried out using solver to analyze actual power measurement data from power plants, based on the integration of variable renewables. The research findings indicate that the optimal installation of up to 50 MWp of solar panels can be achieved gradually, while considering constraints such as spinning reserve equivalent to the largest generator and the system’s ability to handle high-power equipment starting, if required.
Acetabular index as an indicator of Pavlik harness success in grade I developmental dysplasia of the hip: A retrospective study

Purpose: Some articles have focused on the effectiveness of the Pavlik harness treatment for unstable and dislocated hips, yet data on monitoring its effectiveness with the acetabular index remains elusive. Therefore, this study aimed to assess Pavlik harness effectiveness in infants ≤6 months diagnosed with grade I developmental dysplasia of the hip using acetabular index improvement and identify the possible predictors of successful Pavlik harness treatment. Methods: A retrospective review of infants with grade I acetabular dysplasia treated with a Pavlik harness and monitored with anteroposterior pelvis X-rays at presentation and follow-up. Successful treatment was defined as achieving an acetabular index <30°. Results: A total of 231 infants with acetabular dysplasia were treated with a Pavlik harness. A successful outcome was achieved in 135 infants (58.4%). Younger age, lower initial acetabular index, and patients with unilateral developmental dysplasia of the hip were significant predictors of a successful outcome. An age of 4.5 months or older was found to be the threshold for an unsuccessful result following Pavlik harness treatment, with a sensitivity of 65.2% and specificity of 57.3%. An initial acetabular index of 35.5° was found to be the threshold for an unsuccessful result, with a sensitivity of 83.7% and specificity of 61.5%. Conclusion: Pavlik Harness’s success in correcting the acetabular index in acetabular dysplasia patients was related to unilateral cases, a younger age at presentation, and a lower initial acetabular index. The thresholds for unsuccessful treatment were an age of 4.5 months or greater and an acetabular index of 35.5° or higher.
Application of RTM 3D angle gathers to wide-azimuth data subsalt imaging

The availability of wide-azimuth data and the use of reverse time migration (RTM) have dramatically increased the capabilities of imaging complex subsalt geology. With these improvements, the current obstacle for creating accurate subsalt images now lies in the velocity model. One of the challenges is to generate common image gathers that take full advantage of the additional information provided by wide-azimuth data and the additional accuracy provided by RTM for velocity model updating. A solution is to generate 3D angle domain common image gathers from RTM, which are indexed by subsurface reflection angle and subsurface azimuth angle. We apply these 3D angle gathers to subsalt tomography with the result that there were improvements in velocity updating with a wide-azimuth data set in the Gulf of Mexico.
Social Protection in the Mekong: policy trends and future directions

The paper analyses the current and possible future development of social protection systems in three Mekong countries: Cambodia, Lao PDR and Viet Nam. The three countries are at differing levels of development but face a number of shared challenges including poverty and malnutrition, climate change and food price volatility. Their social protection systems range from an embryonic system in Laos to an ‘emerging’ system in Viet Nam. Following an overview of the three countries and their social protection systems (drawing on the ADB comparative Social Protection Index), we discuss in detail the social protection system in each country, the impact of that system and the role and impact of development partners. This section also looks at key future developments. Part 3 discusses a number of key challenges facing social protection systems and part 4 concludes with a discussion on the possible future directions in social protection in the region.
ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING SYSTEM ADOPTION AND PERFORMANCE AMONG THIRD PARTY LOGISTIC SERVICE PROVIDERS IN KENYA

x CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1 Background of the Study . 1 1.1.1 Enterprise Resource Planning System Adoption . 2 1.1.2 Firm Performance . 3 1.1.3 Challenges Facing Adoption of ERP Systems . 4 1.1.4 Third Party Logistic Service Providers in Kenya . 5 1.2 Research Problem . 6 1.3 Research Objectives . 9 1.4 Value of the Study . 9 CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW . 11 2.
Appalachian Stress Study: 2. Analysis of Devonian shale core: Some implications for the nature of contemporary stress variations and Alleghanian Deformation in Devonian rocks

Detailed stress measurements in three boreholes penetrating horizontally bedded Devonian silt-stones, sandstones, and limestones above a prominent salt decollement in the Appalachian Plateau of western New York have revealed variations in horizontal stress magnitudes which correlate with lithologic and stratigraphic units in all wells. High differential stress levels (up to 20 MPa) were found in shales of very high clay content, contrary to the proposition that such materials have negligible long-term strength. Elastic modulus data show that stiffer beds generally host higher stress levels and suggest that sand/shale stress contrasts result in large part from elastic shortening of the section in response to regional ENE compression. No correlation between stress and Poisson's ratio was found. However, a major systematic drop in stress level within the generally massive shales, which occurs across a group of sand beds near the base of the Rhinestreet formation, appears to be of different origin. The stress offset corresponds to the top of a section which we conclude, on the basis of local and regional total strain data derived from chlorite fabric measurements, once hosted abnormally high pore pressures. The total strain data also suggest the entire section above the salt has been uniformly shortened during Alleghanian compression. To explain the stress discontinuity, two kinematic patterns for Alleghanian deformation of the Devonian section are proposed, both involving abnormal pore pressure development in the sub-Rhinestreet section in response to limited drainage of fluid. Drainage of this paleo-overpressure is the best available explanation of the stress offset, although an additional remnant stress component must also be present to satisfy the stress data precisely.
Intratracheally Therapeutic Option for COPD: A Potential Usage of the Therapeutic Microbe for Delivering Specific Protein to the Lungs

Currently, inhaled therapy using corticosteroids and/or bronchodilators is the major established treatment for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The topic to be covered in this chapter is the recently developed experimental approach using biologically active molecules secreted by the live genetically modified lactic acid bacteria (gmLAB). The strategy to use gmLAB as a therapeutic/delivering tool targeting disease-specific active molecules/cites is proceeding. The role of inflammation and oxidative stress in COPD development is a valid target point. Heme oxygenase (HO)-1 as an anti-inflammatory and antioxidative stress molecule has been examined to attenuate the lung function decline and inflammation in the murine model of COPD. Recently, HO-1-secreting gmLAB as a tool for targeting inflammatory diseases has been developed and examined in several disease models including COPD. When administered intratracheally, the gmLAB showed migration to the peripheral lung and overexpression of anti-inflammatory/oxidative HO-1 in both lung and serum, protecting the lung from COPD development.
Economic Geography: Past, Present and Future by Sharmistha Bagchi-Sen and Helen Lawton Smith

termining) and the appeals to geoeconomics in other chapters that simply use the term to describe the territorial outcomes of economic processes. This tension is not so much instructive as just indicative of a lost opportunity to build on Agnew’s own sensitivity to the close relations between economic discourse and economic practice. Consequently, there seems no way to use geoeconomics to name a distinct set of geopolitical discourses that are shaped by neoliberal assumptions and economic imperatives, but which also occlude their actual unevenness on the groundFdiscourses, in other words, that reflect neoliberal practices but yet also represent them with imaginative geographies that hide as much as they reveal (see Sparke 2005). The flat-world imagination of Thomas Friedman is an archetypal example of this geoeconomic discursive gesture. For the same reason, it needs emphasizing in conclusion that although the lexicon of this collection leaves little room for reflecting on Friedman as a generator of geoeconomic discourse, the more significant and much more important achievement of the book and its editors is that it offers a resounding critique of how that discourse depicts globalization. It shows us clearly that the world is not flat, it offers hope that accounts of uneven development and injustice are also inspiring alternatives, and along the way it has lessons for everyone, the party secretary in Chongqing included, that a truly level playing field for global citizens demands new commitments to social justice and real democracy.
A research on SLAM aided INS/GPS navigation system

Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) aided INS/GPS navigation system is a landmark based terrain aided autonomous integrated system that has the capability for online map building and simultaneously utilizing the generated map to bind the errors in the Inertial Navigation System (INS) when GPS is not available. If GPS information is available, the SLAM integrated system builds a landmark-based map using an INS/GPS solution. If GPS is not available, the previously newly generated map is used to constrain the INS errors. The SLAM augmented INS/GPS system shows two capabilities of landmark tracking and mapping using GPS information and more importantly, aiding the INS under GPS denied situation. The validity of the proposed method is demonstrated by computer simulation.
Seismic Evidence for Partial Melt at the Base of Earth's Mantle

The presence of an intermittent layer at the base of Earth's mantle with a maximum thickness near 40 kilometers and a compressional wave velocity depressed by ∼10 percent compared with that of the overlying mantle is most simply explained as the result of partial melt at this depth. Both the sharp upper boundary of this layer (<10 kilometers wide) and the apparent correlation with deep mantle upwelling are consistent with the presence of liquid in the lowermost mantle, implying that the bottom of the thermal boundary layer at the base of the mantle may lie above its eutectic temperature. Such a partially molten zone would be expected to have enhanced thermal and chemical transport properties and may provide constraints on the geotherm and lateral variations in lowermost mantle temperature or mineralogy.
Alluvial Paleosols and Pedofacies Sequences in the Permian Lower Beaufort of the Southwestern Karoo Basin, South Africa

ABSTRACT Three types of paleosol profiles are described as representative of the range of soil types that developed on the ancient alluvial plains of the southwestern Karoo Basin during the Late Permian. Continuous 3-dimensional exposures of the Lower Beaufort (Adelaide Subgroup) strata allow detailed sedimentological, taphonomic, and paleopedological observation of thick floodplain sequences that contain numerous "stacked" paleosol profiles. Various floodplain strata contain characteristic paleosol profiles that are regulated by the periodicity and competence of overbank flooding, both of which decrease with increasing distance from the contributing channel. Paleosols developed in levee or channel-bank deposits are immature calcic Entisols displaying evidence of early carbonate translocation but without well-developed horizonation. Proximal floodbasin paleosols, at the foot of the meanderbelt slope, are mature calcic Vertisols with more fully developed profiles containing zones of both carbonate and clay illuviation as well as some groundwater calcretes. Slickensided stress argillans in the B-horizons are indicative of multiple cycles of wetting and drying. Distal floodbasin paleosols are dominated by hydromorphic and evaporitic processes as a result of their axial position in the floodbasin. Sheet-like networks of mudcrack casts composed of calcretized aeolian sand and silt suggest that dust was a major source of calcium carbonate to the e soils. The paleosols are interpreted as having formed under warm to hot, semi-arid climatic conditions with a strongly seasonal rainfall of 500 to 800 mm per annum and a mean annual moisture deficiency. The geomorphic setting was similar to the Holocene Indo-Gangetic alluvial plain. Vertebrate burrow casts in the proximal floodbasin facies indicate a minimum depth to watertable of 150 cm. The distribution of rooted horizons reflects dense vegetation flanking major drainage channels and sparse cover in the distal floodbasin. A simple stratigraphic sequence of once laterally continuous paleosols is termed a pedofacies. Stacked sequences of pedofacies within approximately 20-50 m thick, and 100-250 m thick stratigraphic successions reflect second- and first-order sedimentary cycles respectively. Both scales of cyclicity are attributed to autocyclically controlled avulsions of differentially aggrading channels in the first instance and of complete drainage networks in the second.
Three‐dimensional modelling of hillslope hydrology

Physically-based models of catchment hydrology are computationally demanding. the cost of even small scale simulations of multidimensional subsurface flow problems is often considered too high and yet May, be important if one is to appreciate the complex flow pathways in heterogeneous catchments. This is likely to be the case for problems concerned with transport of chemical substances in soils, in particular those with some localized origin. Recent advances in computer hardware technology and numerical algorithms are beginning to make detailed simulations more feasible. We discuss here issues relating to using these new tools in modelling hillslope flow processes and document an example three-dimensional simulation of a heterogeneous Darcian headwater.