Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Policies for Electrification of the Car Fleet in the Short and Long Run - Subsidizing Electric Vehicles or Subsidizing Charging Stations?

Abatement can be performed by measures that have an impact on present emissions, but no lasting effect, and by long-lived infrastructure investments. We study the optimal combination of short and long-lived options for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, by specifying abatement cost functions depending on abatement from these two options. Electrification of the transport sector is used as an example. A transition from internal combustion engines vehicles (ICEVs) to electric vehicles (EVs) can be incentivized by both subsidies on purchases of EVs and increased density of fast chargers. Subsidizing the purchase of EVs only leads to emissions reductions in the next few years (static option), whereas investment in infrastructure also will reduce abatement costs in several years to come (dynamic option). We find that the present marginal abatement cost of the dynamic alternative exceeds the costs of static abatement in optimum, thus the dynamic option may be profitable even if it is more expensive. A higher expected abatement cost in later periods most likely makes it even more profitable to use the dynamic policy instrument. This framework is used for a numerical study on electrification of the transport sector in Norway. The numerical simulations confirm the results of the theory model. Flexibility in the domestic target over time and the presence of an international permit market affect the combination of static and dynamic abatement. This stresses the importance of early and time consistent plans for international regulations of GHG emissions.
La transitivité sémantique verbale à l’épreuve de la « ressemblance de famille »

La question de la transitivité sémantique a surtout été envisagée par les typologues dans le but de dégager des invariants inter-langue. Le « prototype transitif » fédère autour de lui les autres constructions verbales en vertu du continuum de transitivité mais cette notion n’aide pas à comprendre en quoi ces autres constructions sont déviantes. Notre approche vise à prouver qu'il est possible de définir la transitivité sémantique non pas comme une propriété du verbe ou d'une construction mais comme la propriété d'une classe de verbes au sémantisme homogène (ici les verbes de contact issus de LVF) classifiés selon des critères de "ressemblance de famille". Les sous-classes transitives sont le résultat d’une analyse statistique multidimensionnelle sur la base de critères sélectionnés que l’on value pour obtenir un score transitif.
OsJAZ11 regulates spikelet and seed development in rice

Abstract Seed size is one of the major determinants of seed weight and eventually, crop yield. As the global population is increasing beyond the capacity of current food production, enhancing seed size is a key target for crop breeders. Despite the identification of several genes and QTLs, current understanding about the molecular regulation of seed size/weight remains fragmentary. In the present study, we report novel role of a jasmonic acid (JA) signaling repressor, OsJAZ11 controlling rice seed width and weight. Transgenic rice lines overexpressing OsJAZ11 exhibited up to a 14% increase in seed width and ~30% increase in seed weight compared to wild type (WT). Constitutive expression of OsJAZ11 dramatically influenced spikelet morphogenesis leading to extra glume‐like structures, open hull, and abnormal numbers of floral organs. Furthermore, overexpression lines accumulated higher JA levels in spikelets and developing seeds. Expression studies uncovered altered expression of JA biosynthesis/signaling and MADS box genes in overexpression lines compared to WT. Yeast two‐hybrid and pull‐down assays revealed that OsJAZ11 interacts with OsMADS29 and OsMADS68. Remarkably, expression of OsGW7, a key negative regulator of grain size, was significantly reduced in overexpression lines. We propose that OsJAZ11 participates in the regulation of seed size and spikelet development by coordinating the expression of JA‐related, OsGW7 and MADS genes.
Pandemi Covid-19 dan Transformasi Industri UMKM di Indonesia

Dampak nyata dari pandemi COVID-19 di Indonesia adalah terpukulnya perekonomian, terutama Usaha Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM). Refleksi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis transformasi bisnis yang terjadi sehingga UMKM mampu mampu bertahan pada masa krisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa UMKM mengalami transformasi bisnis dalam sektor produksi, permodalan, pemasaran, dan lini usaha. Tak dapat dimungkiri betapa UMKM membutuhkan bantuan finansial maupun teknis. Dibutuhkan pula rekayasa lingkungan usaha untuk memulihkan bisnis tersebut secara berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan merupakan penelitian yang berisfat refleksi yang dilakukan dengan studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian BUMN atau kerjasama BUMN dengan swasta dapat menjadi alternatif model bisnis untuk meningkatkan logistik UMKM. Upaya pemasaran digital tidak menutup kemungkinan perluasan pasar offline. Sinergi dengan BUMN dapat ditempuh dengan memanfaatkan ruang-ruang yang tersedia di fasilitas umum seperti bandara, rest area, pelabuhan, dan terminal bus sebagai ruang pamer produk- produk UMKM. Ketentuan khusus juga dapat diberikan untuk ruang pameran produk UMKM di pusat perbelanjaan. Membangun kemitraan dengan pelaku usaha besar juga merupakan bentuk perluasan pasar produk UMKM. Perlu adanya pedoman dalam perjanjian kemitraan untuk mencegah penyalahgunaan kekuatan pasar oleh pelaku usaha besar.
SOFTWARE RISK MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES: A GENERAL SURVEY

The development of the projects in the software related field, due to its complexity resulting in projects falling behind on deadlines, exceeding budgets and result in sub-standard products. Although, all these problems cannot be totally eliminated but they can be controlled by applying Risk Management methods and techniques. This can help to deal with problems before they occur. Organizations who implement risk management procedures and techniques will have greater control over the management of the project. There are different types of techniques for find out the risks in the software or control the risk before they occurs. In this paper, we will make a review of various software risk management techniques which are used recently and are helpful in handling the various type risks which occur during the software project development.
Sex Differences in Intestinal P-Glycoprotein Expression in Wistar versus Sprague Dawley Rats

Wistar and Sprague Dawley are the most common strains of rat used in pharmaceutical research and are used interchangeably in pre-clinical drug development. No studies have assessed whether Wistar and Sprague Dawley rats are equivalent in the gastrointestinal factors that influence oral drug absorption, specifically in relation to intestinal transporters. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) are two reliable methods for quantifying intestinal protein levels with their own distinct advantages and limitations. In this study, P-glycoprotein (P-gp), a key efflux transporter, was quantified using ELISA and LC-MS/MS along the complete intestinal tract of male and female Wistar and Sprague Dawley rats. This work presents that Sprague Dawley rats have innately higher baseline P-gp expression than Wistar rats. Significant sex differences in P-gp expression were identified in the jejunum, ileum and colon between male and female Wistar rats using both techniques, with males exhibiting higher P-gp levels. Sprague Dawley rats showed no sex differences in P-gp expression through ELISA and LC-MS/MS. Both methods demonstrated similar trends for P-gp quantification, but ELISA could offer faster data acquisition. Our findings report significant sex differences between the strains and highlight that Wistar and Sprague Dawley rats are not equivalent in their P-gp expression. As humans exhibit distinct sex differences in intestinal P-gp levels, Wistar rats may therefore be a more suitable pre-clinical animal strain to model oral drug absorption of P-gp substrates in male and female subjects.
Éditorial

This, like most other definitions, locates vulnerability firmly within the person to whom it refers. This serves to increase damaging prejudice and stereotypes. The identification of classes of people as “vulnerable” increases destructive “them” and “us” divisions between the “vulnerable” and the “non-vulnerable”. Vulnerability is typically associated with weakness, passivity, incompetence, an inability to look after yourself or take on responsibilities and it fosters paternalistic attitudes – “looking after the poor unfortunates”. The skills and abilities of those deemed vulnerable are rarely considered and their capacity for reciprocity is generally overlooked: it is typically assumed that “vulnerable people” are invariably on the receiving end of support and make little contribution to others or our communities in general. As Sayce (2020) points out, with all the talk of the “needs” of “vulnerable people” in the COVID-19 crisis, there has been little mention of the contribution made by those so classified. From the contribution to government, policy and disability rights made by the “clinically extremely vulnerable” Baroness Jane Campbell of Surbiton (Campbell, 2020) to the group of people with learning disabilities in Wandsworth cooking and delivering hot meals to others with learning disabilities who are less good at cooking [2].
Kinetics of ventilatory and mechanical parameters of novice male rowers on the rowing ergometer

ABSTRACT Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) and maximal power output (Pmax) play a preponderant role in the performance of rowers. This study aims to describe and analyse the kinetics of ventilatory and mechanical parameters in novice male rowers on the rowing ergometer. Twelve male novice rowers were part of the study – descriptive with a selective non-probabilistic cross-sectional design. The variables were VO2max and Pmax. The kinetics of the variables were observed in an Incremental Test (IT) and a 2,000 m time trial (2,000mTT). The differences between the tests were established by Student’s t-test (p < 0.05). In both protocols, the VO2max reached 330–345 s. Between IT and the 2,000mTT there were significant differences in the VO2max (52.7 ± 3.3 vs 55.9 ± 3.4 mLO2·kg−1·min−1, p ˂ 0.01) and Pmax (334.7 ± 20.2 vs 269.5 ± 31.3 W, p ˂ 0.001). The novice rowers’ low physiological capacity and efficiency generated instability in the power output kinetics. A very large delta was observed between the maximum and minimum power output. Exploring tests with a shorter duration for novice rowers (360 s) and improving power output control in the different tests are suggested.
An Ecosystem Services-Centric Land Use and Land Cover Classification for a Subbasin of the Tampa Bay Watershed

Land-use and land-cover (LULC) change is a primary driver of terrestrial carbon release, often through the conversion of forest into agriculture or expansion of urban areas. Classification schemes are a key component of landscape analyses. This study creates a novel LULC classification scheme by incorporating ecological data to redefine classes of an existing LULC classification based on variation in above-ground tree carbon. A tree inventory was conducted for 531 plots within a subbasin of the Tampa Bay Watershed, Florida, USA. Above-ground tree carbon was estimated using the i-Tree model. Plots were classified using the Florida Land Use Cover Classification System. Mean quantities of above-ground tree carbon, by class, were tested for statistical differences. A reclassification was conducted based on these differences. Sub-classes within a given “land cover” class were similar for six of the seven classes. Significant differences were found within the “Wetlands” class based on vegetation cover, forming two distinct groups: “Forested Wetlands” and “Non-forested and Mangrove Wetlands”. The urban “land use” class showed differences between “Residential” and “Non-residential” sub-classes, forming two new classes. LULC classifications can sometimes aggregate areas perceived as similar that are in fact distinct regarding ecological variables. These aggregations can obscure the true variation in a parameter at the landscape scale. Therefore, a study’s classification system should be designed to reflect landscape variation in the parameter(s) of interest.
Evaluation des attentes discursives : étude de cas et pistes méthodologiques

Cet article aborde la question des attentes discursives et des conditions de prédictibilité du discours. Partant de l’idée que toute production langagière est (pré)déterminée par des normes et des schémas, nous cherchons à mettre au jour leurs mécanismes de fonctionnement/dysfonctionnement. Or, la complexité des paramètres discursifs rend l’entreprise hasardeuse et nécessite le développement de méthodes adaptées. Dans cette première étape de notre travail, nous partons d’une enquête où les répondants évaluent les réponses formulées dans le cadre de deux interview politiques. L’analyse des évaluations proposées par les répondantes esquisse la saillance de quelques mécanismes discursifs qui appellent toutefois à être mis à l’épreuve d’autres corpus.
Test of 107Pd transmutation with macroscopic quantities

ABSTRACT A test of 107Pd transmutation with macroscopic quantities was conducted. Palladium is an essential material for industrial use and is one of the nuclides targeted for recycling from spent nuclear fuel. Reasonable nuclear reaction paths for 107Pd and the cross-sections for proton- and deuteron-induced spallation in inverse kinematics have been investigated. However, a transmutation experiment using long-lived fission products (LLFPs) as the target would be required for an actual system. To effectively detect the reaction products of the 107Pd + d reaction, we prepared a material with a 107Pd-concentration of almost 100% by ion implantation. The implanted samples were irradiated for several days with deuterons produced by the AVF Ring Cyclotron at RIKEN RIBF. After cooling, gamma-ray measurements of the irradiated sample were conducted. These revealed 105Ag and 106mAg originating from the 107Pd + d reaction. Furthermore, 105Pd and 106Pd produced from transmutation of 107Pd were estimated using DCHAIN. The 107Pd in the irradiated samples were measured by ICP-MS. The isotopic ratios 105Pd/107Pd and 106Pd/107Pd obtained from the experimental results are consistent with those obtained by calculation using PHITS. Furthermore, the 107Pd transmutation using deuteron was verified. Graphical Abstract
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CREATING CIRCUIT REDUNDANCY IN PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC DEVICES

A method for reducing circuit Sensitivity to Single event upsets in programmable logic devices, involves identifying Single event upset Sensitive gates within a single event upset Sensitive Sub-circuit of a programmable logic device as determined by the input environment and introducing triple modular redundancy and voter circuits for each Single event upset Sensitive Sub-circuit So identified.
Practitioners' Expectations on Automated Code Comment Generation

Good comments are invaluable assets to software projects, as they help developers understand and maintain projects. However, due to some poor commenting practices, comments are often missing or inconsistent with the source code. Software engineering practitioners often spend a significant amount of time and effort reading and understanding programs without or with poor comments. To counter this, researchers have proposed various techniques to au-tomatically generate code comments in recent years, which can not only save developers time writing comments but also help them better understand existing software projects. However, it is unclear whether these techniques can alleviate comment issues and whether practitioners appreciate this line of research. To fill this gap, we performed an empirical study by interviewing and surveying practitioners about their expectations of research in code comment generation. We then compared what practitioners need and the current state-of-the-art research by performing a literature review of papers on code comment generation techniques pub-lished in the premier publication venues from 2010 to 2020. From this comparison, we highlighted the directions where researchers need to put effort to develop comment generation techniques that matter to practitioners.
Enhancing Psychological Well-being of Ex-drug Addicted Individuals in Semarang with Evidence-based Community Counseling

: Psychological well-being basically needs to be owned and developed by individuals to achieve happiness. For ex-drug-addicted people, maintaining psychological well-being will reduce the potential for relapse. Various best evidences collected to find effective treatment for ex-drug-addicted individuals. An evidence-based community counseling then generated and delivered to some ex-drug addicted individuals in Semarang. The treatment includes 8 sessions (90 – 120 mins. for each) of preventive-oriented and delivered in 4 weeks. At least 20 ex-drug-addicted participants in Semarang involved to this experiment. Psychological well-being of ex-drug-addicted individuals measured by Ryff’s 54-item PWB Scale (r = 0.752). It is found that evidence-based community counseling is proven effective to enhance ex-drug-addicted individuals’ psychological well-being (z = -2006; p = 0.045). The conclusion is evidence-based community counseling could be an alternative treatment for using to enhance psychological well-being of ex-drug addicted individual. However, this study had some bias, such as small number of sample, simple research design, and validity of the treatment itself. Further research need to do to make the results could be generalized for broader populations.
Multiparty Dynamic Data Integration Scheme of Industrial Chain Collaboration Platform in Mobile Computing Environment

At present, there are still many problems to be solved in the information interaction between internal platforms of different enterprises and third-party platform, especially the data integration problem between them, specifically mentioning the two aspects of data nonstandardization and difficult data integration. To solve the above problems, this paper proposes a multiparty dynamic data integration scheme for the industrial chain collaboration platform. On the one hand, this scheme builds a standard data classification system from the perspective of the type of data to solve the problem of data irregularity; on the other hand, it builds a multiparty dynamic data integration model based on rules and requests to solve the problem of difficult data integration. This paper verifies the feasibility, flexibility, and rationality of the scheme through case analysis and experimental analysis.
ImmunityAcquired CD8 T Cell-Dependent Antitumor Regulatory T Cells and Uncovers Naturally Attenuates Their Ability To Induce Knockdown of HMGB1 in Tumor Cells

Although high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in tumor cells is involved in many aspects of tumor progression, its role in tumor immune suppression remains elusive. Host cell-derived IL-10 suppressed a naturally acquired CD8 T cell-dependent antitumor response. The suppressive activity of tumor-associated Foxp3 + CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cells (Treg) was IL-10 dependent. Neu-tralizing HMGB1 impaired tumor cell-promoted IL-10 production by Treg. Short hairpin RNA-mediated knockdown of HMGB1 (HMGB1 KD) in tumor cells did not affect tumor cell growth but uncovered naturally acquired long-lasting tumor-speciﬁc IFNg – or TNF- a –producing CD8 T cell responses and attenuated their ability to induce Treg, leading to naturally acquired CD8 T cell- or IFN- g –dependent tumor rejection. The data suggest that tumor cell-derived HMGB1 may suppress naturally acquired CD8 T cell-dependent antitumor immunity via enhancing Treg to produce IL-10, which is necessary for Treg-mediated immune suppression. The Journal of Immunology , 2011, 187: 000–000.
A Novel Rotational Insertion Method for Deflection-Free Delivery of a Microelectrode into Deep Brain

Measuring deep brain neural activities with a microelectrode is of greatest importance in uncovering the mechanism of various brain disorders. In this operation, a microelectrode needs to be accurately inserted into deep the brain. However, a microelectrode of high flexibility would bend at encountering a layer of tough tissue during insertion, which would lead to deflection and impaired targeting accuracy. To deal with this problem, a rotational insertion method has been developed in this paper for deflection-free insertion. Rotation helps generate a dynamic anti-bending force to prevent buckling, and this force becomes larger with the increase of rotational speed. Thus, by controlling the rotational speed at which insertion is carried out, deflection-free insertion of a microelectrode deep into brain can be realized. The effectiveness of this method has been experimentally confirmed.
URBAN TRAFFIC FLOW PREDICTION, A SPATIAL-TEMPORAL APPROACH

Current advances in computational technologies such as machine learning combined with traffic data availability are inspiring the development and growth of intelligent transport Systems (ITS). As urban authorities strive for efficient traffic systems, traffic forecasting is a vital element for effective control and management of traffic networks. Traffic forecasting methods have progressed from traditional statistical techniques to optimized data driven methods eulogised with artificial intelligence. Today, most techniques in traffic forecasting are mainly timeseries methods that ignore the spatial impact of traffic networks in traffic flow modelling. The consideration of both spatial and temporal dimensions in traffic forecasting efforts is key to achieving inclusive traffic forecasts. This research paper presents approaches to analyse spatial temporal patterns existing in networks and goes on to use a machine learning model that integrates both spatial and temporal dependency in traffic flow prediction. The application of the model to a traffic dataset for the city of Singapore shows that we can accurately predict traffic flow up to 15 minutes in advance and also accuracy results obtained outperform other classical traffic prediction methods. forecast road travel time capabilities to learn and extract trend and seasonal characteristics in the show that these models are efficient in modelling uncertainties to their modest structure and applied theoretical assumptions, are flow