Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Preventive Health Practices in Turkey

Background: Although preventive health practices are extremely effective in preventing diseases and mortality, there is still a need to determine the frequency of these practices in different countries and improve these rates. The aim of this study was to evaluate preventive health practices in Turkey. Methods: The study was designed as a cross-sectional research. The study was conducted by utilizing the “Turkey Health Survey 2019” microdata set from the Turkish Statistical Institute. The data of 17,084 people aged 15 years and over were evaluated. Results: Approximately 54.4% of the participants were women, 24.5% were 15–29 years old, and 21.0% were 60 years of age or older. Approximately 51.2% of the participants stated that their general health status as good. 2.3% of the participants had taken the flu vaccine in the last year, 38% of people aged 50–70 years had undergone a fecal occult blood test in the last 5 years, 32% of women aged 40–69 years had undergone mammography/breast X-ray in the last 2 years, and 44% of women aged 30–65 years had undergone a cervical swab test in the last 5 years. Conclusion: Although the rate of public participation in cancer screenings in Turkey is considerable, the data show that the rates should be further increased. In contrast, flu vaccination frequency is considerably low. To increase the frequency of preventive health practices, Turkish public should be informed about these practices, where they can be performed, and their importance.
Teoria da crença no mundo justo e socialização legal

No presente artigo, apresentamos um panorama acerca da teoria da crença no mundo justo e da socialização legal, objetivando expor uma visão geral das perspectivas de estudos e suas aproximações para compreender como crianças e adolescentes legitimam as autoridades e dão sentido ao cumprimento das regras a partir da crença na justiça. O artigo apresenta uma análise da literatura dividida em três eixos: exposição da socialização legal como campo de pesquisa que investiga a internalização de normas e regras sociais, a formação de confi ança nas autoridades e o desenvolvimento de atitudes e comportamentos em relação às leis; apresentação da teoria da crença no mundo justo, cujo intuito consiste em identificar os mecanismos pelos quais os indivíduos elaboram as noções de justiça; e discussão sobre como as percepções da justiça podem influenciar as relações das crianças com as autoridades e mobilizar diferentes atitudes diante de normas e leis. Com base nas evidências apresentadas, concluímos que uma elevada crença no mundo justo aumenta o nível de cooperação com as autoridades, uma vez que os indivíduos são motivados pelas expectativas de tratamentos justos e de esforços recompensados.
Comment on article by Browne and Draper

As stated by the authors, the use of multilevel models has grown substantially over the last few years. However, as listed in the first paragraph of section 1, there are a number of competing methods proposed for their estimation, both Bayesian and likelihood based. Within the Bayesian framework there is of course the added issue of the choice of prior distributions for the various model parameters. It is worth noting here that the increased use of Bayesian methods over the last decade or so has not necessarily been due to a philosophical shift, but rather a desire to fit complex models, with software such as WinBUGS enabling users to do this. Many of these users want their ‘data to dominate’ and therefore want all prior distributions to be non-informative. However, this is rarely straightforward and in hierarchical models it is the choice of prior distribution for the hierarchical variance parameters that has been shown to be most crucial, particularly in small samples. In earlier work we conducted a simulation study on the choice of prior distribution for the variance component (between study variance) in a meta-analysis of aggregated data (Lambert et al. 2005). One of the advantages of using aggregated data is that models are quicker to fit and we were able to compare 13 different prior distributions for 9 different scenarios. When the number of level 2 units is large the choice of prior distribution becomes less important. However, for many real applications in medicine one would expect the number of level 2 units to be small, for example meta-analysis (Sutton and Abrams 2001) and cluster randomised trials (Turner et al. 2001). It is to the situations where there are only a small number of level 2 units that I wish to address most of my comments.
Vertical GaN Schottky Barrier Diode With Record Low Contact Resistivity on N-Polarity Using Ultrathin ITO Interfacial Layer

In this article, an ohmic contact structure based on indium tin oxide (ITO)/Ti/Al/Ni/Au is explored for high-performance GaN-on-GaN Schottky barrier diode (SBD) for the first time. Owing to the ultrathin ITO interfacial layer, the Fermi-level pinning (FLP) effect in metal-semiconductor interface could be mitigated, thus the specific contact resistivity (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\rho _{c}{)}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> on N-polarity was reduced from <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$3.32\times 10^{-{3}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> to <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$7.36\times 10^{-{5}}\,\,\Omega $ </tex-math></inline-formula>cm2, and the specific ON-resistance (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${R}_{\text {ON}}{)}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of the device was reduced from 3.14 to 1.17 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{m}\Omega $ </tex-math></inline-formula>cm2 under the same testing condition. With the Helium ion implantation technology, a high breakdown voltage (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\text {BR}}{)}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of 1100 V, low turn-on voltage <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\text {ON}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of 0.63 V, and a high figure of merit (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\text {BR}}^{{2}}/{R}_{\text {ON}}{)}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of 1.04 GW/cm2 were achieved in this work. The vertical GaN SBD with ITO interfacial layer fabricated in this work achieved the lowest <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\rho _{c}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> in the reported GaN-on-GaN SBDs with an indicated anode size.
10Modeling of cantilever deflection for sensors and actuators: Role of Poisson’s ratio for a unified theory

We construct a theory of the deflection of a bimorph cantilever, applicable to both the isotropic and anisotropic cases, and also including noise effects. The proposed formulation gives the correct expressions for the longitudinal and transverse deflections of a magnetoelastic cantilever for an arbitrary ratio of the thickness of the two components. The optimization of the cantilever as a sensor as a function of the thickness of the two components is discussed and also some results of the cantilever as an actuator are reported.
Needle-Free Devices and CpG-Adjuvanted DNA Improve Anti-HIV Antibody Responses of Both DNA and Modified Vaccinia Ankara-Vectored Candidate Vaccines

The combination of mosaic Gag and CAP256 envelope in an HIV vaccine regimen comprising DNA prime and modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) boost followed by protein boost has previously been shown to generate robust autologous Tier 2 neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) in rabbits. Further refinements of this strategy have been investigated to improve antibody responses. The delivery of both DNA and recombinant MVA vaccines with a needle-free device was compared to delivery by injection, and the effect of formulating the DNA vaccine with adjuvant CpG ODN 1826 was determined. The Pharmajet Stratis® needle-free injection device (PharmaJet, Golden, CO, USA) improved binding antibody responses to the DNA vaccine as well as both binding and neutralizing antibody responses to the MVA vaccines. Formulation of the DNA vaccines with CpG adjuvant further improved the antibody responses. A shortened vaccination regimen of a single DNA inoculation followed by a single MVA inoculation did not elicit Tier 1B nor Tier 2 neutralization responses as produced by the two DNA, followed by two MVA vaccination regimen. This study showed the immunogenicity of HIV DNA and MVA vaccines administered in a DDMM regimen could be improved using the PharmaJet Stratis needle-free injection device and formulation of the DNA vaccines with CpG adjuvant.
Feeding value of field bean (Vicia faba L. var. minor)
for laying hen pullets

Concerns over the sustainability of using soybean in poultry diets, has steered the need to develop alternative protein sources for modern poultry production. This experiment examined the effect of nine different United Kingdom grown field bean ( Vicia faba L. var. minor ) cultivars from the same harvest year on apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and dry matter digestibility (DMD) when fed to Hy-Line Brown pullets from 14 to 16 weeks of age. A balancer feed was formulated to contain 11.54 MJ/kg AME and 166.4 g/kg crude protein. Nine nutritionally complete, meal-form diets were then prepared by mixing 200 g/kg of each field bean cultivar with 800 g/kg of balancer feed, making a total of ten diets. Each diet was fed to eight cages containing two birds. AME was determined via total collection technique over the last four days of the study. Relationships were examined between AME and the chemical composition of the beans. The overall determined AME value of the beans ranged from 9.31 MJ/kg DM to 12.26 MJ/kg DM, giving an average AME of 10.94 MJ/kg DM ( P < 0.001). Total non-starch polysaccharide (NSP) content of the beans negatively correlated with their determined AME ( P < 0.05) and also tended ( P = 0.066) to negatively reduce AME based on regression analysis. There is evidence that total NSP may be used by nutritionists to predict AME value of field beans, however, stronger evidence is required. This information may be used by plant breeders to aid in the development of new field bean cultivars.
Practical delaunay triangulation algorithms for surface reconstruction and related problems

The Delaunay triangulation is one of the fundamental problems in computational geometry, dual to the well-known Voronoi diagram. It has numerous applications in various disciplines such as computer graphics, computer vision, and robotics. This thesis deals with a number of interrelated questions arising in modeling shapes by computing Delaunay triangulations. We give algorithms for surface reconstruction, computing Delaunay triangulations given surfaces, and computing Delaunay triangulations in general. Given a set of samples from a surface, the surface reconstruction problem is to construct a piecewise linear approximation of the original surface. We give two surface reconstruction algorithms with guarantees of both geometric and topological correctness using the 3D Delaunay triangulation of the input samples. The first algorithm selects a set of Delaunay triangles using a simple geometric test and extracts a manifold from it. It is the first surface reconstruction algorithm with topological guarantee of correctness. The second algorithm improves the robustness using the weighted Voronoi diagrams called power diagram. When the surface on which the samples lie are known, we can use the connectivity of the surface to speed up the Delaunay triangulation. We give an O(n log* n) expected time algorithm to compute the 3D Delaunay triangulation given the surface on which the samples lie, under some realistic assumptions. It improves upon O( n log n) expected time usual randomized incremental algorithm in this case. The algorithm can be useful for mesh generation and medial axis construction. The randomized incremental algorithm for Delaunay triangulation is theoretically optimal in expected time but suffers from serious thrashing because of its random memory access pattern when the data structure gets too large to fit in memory. We propose a new insertion order called biased randomized insertion order (BRIO) which removes enough randomness to significantly improve performance, but leaves enough randomness so that the algorithm remains theoretically optimal. We show by experiments that the size of input data we can compute in a given machine increases dramatically using BRIO instead of the total random order.
AlGaN solar-blind avalanche photodiodes with high multiplication gain

We report the fabrication and characterization of the solar-blind AlGaN avalanche photodiodes grown by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition on c-plane sapphire substrate. The fabricated devices with 100 μm diameter active area exhibit a peak responsivity of 79.8 mA/W at 270 nm and zero bias, corresponding to an external quantum efficiency of 37%. Multiplication gains as high as more than 2500 were obtained in these devices.
Binary system parameters and the hibernation model of cataclysmic variables

The hibernation model, in which nova systems spend most of the time between eruptions in a state of low mass transfer rate, is examined. The binary systems more likely to undergo hibernation are determined. The predictions of the hibernation scenario are shown to be consistent with available observational data. It is shown how the hibernation scenario provides links between classical novae, dwarf novae, and novalike variables, all of which represent different stages in the cyclic evolution of the same systems. 72 references.
Dust-magnetosphere interactions

Many different interactions have been proposed among the magnetospheric particles, fields, and dust grains in the rings of the outer planets. Attention is presently given to the energetic particle absorption signatures obtained by Pioneer 11 and Voyagers 1 and 2, which trace the mass concentrations of particulates in the magnetospheres of Jupiter and Saturn. Particulates immersed in the magnetospheric plasma and exposed to solar UV radiation will charge up to a surface potential that depends on the density and electron energy of the plasma, as well as on the concentration of dust particles. Kinetic effects of charged dust particles arise from the interaction with the planetary magnetic field. Electromagnetic effects are noted which lead to the halo of Jupiter's ring, the dust distribution in Saturn's E ring, and the levitated dust in the Saturn B ring spokes.
Enhanced piezoelectric energy harvesting based on sandwiched phononic crystal with embedded spheres

In recent years, metamaterial/ phononic crystal (PnC) based energy harvesters are gaining interest due to their excellent elastic wave manipulation and energy trapping capabilities. Here, we propose a novel PnC comprising of Tungsten Carbide (WC) spheres embedded in epoxy resin matrix. The sphere-epoxy composite is encapsulated by Aluminum (Al) holey structure and the device is sandwiched between two Al plates. Numerical analysis of band structure reveals a wide phononic band gap (BG) from 50.65 kHz to 71.12 kHz. These BGs can be engineered by varying geometric parameters of the unit cell viz., the radius of the sphere and thickness of Al plates. A point defect is introduced by removing the central sphere of the 5 × 5 PnC to facilitate the robust localization of evanescent wave defect modes within the bandgap. Moreover, it is observed that, by altering the radius of the defect sphere, the number of defect modes and their shift can be reconfigured. A PnC based energy harvester is implemented by attaching a piezoelectric disk (PZT-5H) onto the defect PnC just above the defect site. This arrangement of PZT disk converts the highly resonant mechanical defect mode into electrical energy, thereby allowing vibration energy harvesting. Finally, we show that the power enhancement can be achieved by ∼12 times with the proposed PnC compared to the bare Al block.
Field Radiometric Calibration of a Micro-Spectrometer Based on Remote Sensing of Plateau Inland Water Colors

Remote sensing reflectance (Rrs), which is currently measured mainly using the above-water approach, is the most crucial parameter in the remote sensing inversion of plateau inland water colors. It is very difficult to measure the Rrs of plateau inland unmanned areas; thus, we provide a measurement solution using a micro-spectrometer. Currently, commercial micro-spectrometers are not factory calibrated for radiation, and thus, a radiometric calibration of the micro-spectrometer is an essential step. This article uses an Ocean Optics micro-spectrometer (STS-VIS) and a traditional water spectrometer (Trios) to simultaneously measure the irradiance and radiance of diffuse reflectance plates with different reflectance values for field calibration. The results show the following: (1) different fiber types have different calibration coefficients, and the integration time is determined according to the diameter of the fiber and the type of fiber, and (2) by comparing the simultaneous measurement results of STS-VIS with Trios, the mean absolute percentage difference (MAPD) of both reached 18.64% and 5.11% for Qinghai Lake and Golmud River, respectively, which are accurate Rrs measurements of water bodies. The Rrs of the Hoh Xil and Qarhan Salt Lake water bodies in unmanned areas of China was measured, and this was the first collection of in situ spectral information with a micro-spectrometer. This article shows that the micro-spectrometer can perform the in situ measurement of water Rrs in unmanned inland areas. With this breakthrough in the radiometric performance of the micro-spectrometer, we are able to obtain more accurate remote sensing reflectance results of unmanned water bodies.
Legumes: Source of Bioactive Compounds and Their Potential Use in Legume Crops Improvement: A Review

The bioactive phytochemicals are the most important bioactive compounds against insect herbivores. These phytochemicals produced by many legumes and react herbivore attacks. Therefore, keeping in mind the said facts, this review discusses the potential use of bioactive compounds like Proteinase inhibitors, trypsin inhibitors, lectins, vicillins (7S storage proteins), phenolics, amino acids, sugars and a-amylase inhibitors in legume plants as most important weapons that confer resistance against herbivorous insects. These inhibitors inhibiting proteases present in the larval gut and has insecticidal potential against insect pests. This review demonstrates the potential of natural phytochemicals from legume plants and or artificially diet incorporate to inhibit the development of pathogens and insect pests. Thus, legumes can be used to produce phytochemicals as bio-pesticides and minimize or avoid the use of agrochemicals in crop protection. This ability making them interesting bioactive for next generation of sustainable pesticides for more sustainable agriculture.
Optimization of a capacitive wireless power transfer system with two electric field repeaters

In this paper, a capacitive wireless power transfer link with two repeaters between the transmitter and receiver is analyzed. The performance of the system is optimized by maximizing the different gains. Two approaches of practical interest are analytically studied and solved. First, the couplings between different resonators is considered fixed and the optimal load and source of the system are determined as function of the network characteristics. Second, the performance is optimized by varying the couplings between resonators for a configuration with a given (nonideal) source and load. The analytical results are verified through circuital simulations. It is demonstrated that, under certain conditions, both approaches allow for the maximization of the different gains, resulting in more optimization options than a single repeater configuration.
MixNet: Mix different networks for learning 3D implicit representations

We introduce a neural network, MixNet, for learning implicit representations of 3D subtle models with large smooth areas and exact shape details in the form of interpolation of two different implicit functions. Our network takes a point cloud as input and uses conventional MLP networks and SIREN networks to predict different implicit fields. We use a learnable interpolation function to combine the implicit values of these two networks and achieve the respective advantages of them. The network is self-supervised with only reconstruction loss, leading to faithful 3D reconstructions with smooth planes, correct details, and plausible spatial partition without any ground-truth segmentation. We evaluate our method on ABC, the largest and most diverse CAD dataset, and some typical shapes to test in terms of geometric correctness and surface smoothness to demonstrate superiority over current alternatives suitable for shape reconstruction.
A consistent set of optical oscillator strengths for Cr II derived from spectral line synthesis of α Lyrae and ι Coronae Borealis

Les forces d'oscillateur de plusieurs raies spectrales de Fe II et Cr II, dans l'intervalle de longueur d'onde 4050-4650 A, et de quelques raies de Fe I et Cr I sont determinees a partir des spectres a grand rapport signal sur bruit des etoiles α Lyr et ι CrB.
Active Control of Sound Radiation Pressure

This paper is concerned with the problem of suppressing the acoustic radiation pressure generated by a structure vibrating in air. The approach is to control the vibration of the modes of the structure most responsible for the radiation pressure. This control is carried out by active means, i. e. , by feedback control. As a numerical example, the problem of active control of the far-field radiation pressure generated by the vibration of a simply-supported rectangular elastic plate is considered. The influence on the control effectiveness of various design parameters, such as the number of controlled modes, the choice of controlled modes, the number of actuators and the location of the actuators, is investigated. The conclusion is that, depending on the magnitude of the excitation frequency, satisfactory control can be achieved by using a sufficient number of actuators and by controlling a relatively large number of modes.
Nonrigid image registration based on control point matching and shifting

In point-based monomodal image registration, registration accuracy relies heavily on control point (CP) locations and correspondences. However, CP extraction and correspondence establishment are still difficult under complex deformations, such as elastic deformations. To solve this problem, we present a novel approach to optimizing CP locations and simultaneously establishing the proper correspondence between these points. An expectation-maximization-like model and a refinement mechanism are proposed to achieve CP optimization as well as correspondence establishment. Experimental results for artificial and real registration tasks show that the proposed approach is robust and has good convergence behavior.
SNCA Gene Methylation in Parkinson’s Disease and Multiple System Atrophy

In recent years, epigenetic mechanisms have been implicated in the development of multifactorial diseases including neurodegenerative disorders. In Parkinson’s disease (PD), as a synucleinopathy, most studies focused on DNA methylation of SNCA gene coding alpha-synuclein but obtained results were rather contradictory. In another neurodegenerative synucleinopathy, multiple system atrophy (MSA), very few studies investigated the epigenetic regulation. This study included patients with PD (n = 82), patients with MSA (n = 24), and a control group (n = 50). In three groups, methylation levels of CpG and non-CpG sites in regulatory regions of the SNCA gene were analyzed. We revealed hypomethylation of CpG sites in the SNCA intron 1 in PD and hypermethylation of predominantly non-CpG sites in the SNCA promoter region in MSA. In PD patients, hypomethylation in the intron 1 was associated with earlier age at the disease onset. In MSA patients, hypermethylation in the promotor was associated with shorter disease duration (before examination). These results showed different patterns of the epigenetic regulation in two synucleinopathies—PD and MSA.