Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Leveraging Compiler Optimization for Code Clone Detection

—Finding similar code in software systems can guide several software engineering tasks such as code maintenance, program understanding, and code reuse. Similar code detection has been actively studied in the past. In the paper, we propose a novel approach that leverages compiler optimizations to transform semantically similar code and detect similar programs. The key observation of our work is that the compiler optimizations can be used to smooth out source code level idiosyncrasies introduced by the developers, thus making the optimized programs, for the same task, similar in structure. The similarity in structure can then be used to classify the programs. We conducted experiments on the Google CodeJam dataset to demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach. The experimental results show that our technique can achieve up to 85% accuracy on the program classiﬁcation task, which is an improvement of more than 25% over the source code level classiﬁcation.
Compact Dual-Passband Three-Dimensional FSS with Good Angular Stability and Both-Side Fast Roll-Off Characteristics

A compact dual-passband three-dimensional (3D) frequency selective surface (FSS) is proposed based on multiple square coaxial waveguides (SCWs), which exhibits good angular stability and both-side fast roll-off characteristics. The unit cell of the proposed 3D FSS is composed of one parallel plate waveguide (PPW) propagation path and two SCW propagation paths. By etching a centered annular slot, each SCW path forms two identical short SCWs. Each short SCW inherently generates one square slot resonance. In each SCW path, on the account of electromagnetic coupling between two square slot resonators provided by two short SCWs, the square slot resonant mode will split into even-/odd-resonant modes. Accordingly, each SCW path can provide a flat second-order passband with two transmission poles. Due to the reflection and out of phase of electromagnetic waves, four transmission zeros located at both sides of the passbands are introduced for high frequency selectivity, realizing both-side fast roll-off performances. In order to explain the operating principle, the electric-field distributions at transmission-zero/pole frequencies are investigated. Finally, an FSS prototype is fabricated and measured, and the results exhibit good angular stability for both TE and TM polarizations under incident angles from 0° to 60°. In addition, the proposed 3D FSS has a compact unit cell.
Making Social and Emotional Learning Programs Relevant for Latino Youth of Immigration: The Role of Cultural Adaptations

Latino youth represent more than one quarter of the overall public school population in the United States. For decades, Latinos have been found to perform significantly lower than their peers in standardized academic and some social and emotional measures. A unique subpopulation of this ethnic group, Latino Youth of Immigration (LYOI), has historically been underrepresented in the research literature, specifically, attempting to identify effective interventions that align with their unique social, emotional, and academic needs. In this chapter, we describe the unique sociocultural risk and protective factors for this population. In addition, we provide a brief synthesis of the extant literature on the sociocultural factors that researchers and practitioners need to address in partnership with the LYOI community when developing and implementing preventative programs. We emphasize the unique impact culturally responsive social and emotional learning (SEL) can have in this population. In addition, we provide models and examples on how school-based interventions can be implemented in a transformative manner for this vulnerable population, highlighting implications for researchers and practitioners to better collaborate with the LYOI community.
Productivity Slowdown: Reducing the Measure of Our Ignorance

Growth accounting suggests that the bulk of the post-2004 slowdown in output growth in the U.S. is attributed to a residual called TFP. In this paper we provide a tractable accounting framework with firm heterogeneity to link this residual to innovations, markup dispersion, and potential measurement errors. Theories of creative destruction offer rich testable predictions of how the quality upgrading of products, the process efficiency of different firms, and markup dispersion in the market interact and therefore constitute a key approach to shed light on the slowdown in TFP growth. Surveying the literature on measurement, we conclude that measurement errors is unlikely to explain the recent deceleration in TFP growth.
In-plane magnetic field induced helicity dependent photogalvanic effect on the surface states of topological insulators (BixSb1−x)2Te3

A hallmark signature of the three-dimensional (3D) topological insulator (TI) is that the spin-momentum locked massless Dirac fermions populate its surface states, where the carrier spins are locked to their momentum. Here, we report on the magnetic-field induced helicity dependent photogalvanic effect (MHPGE) of 3D TI thin films Bi 2Te 3 or (Bi xSb 1−x) 2Te 3 of different thicknesses excited by near-infrared (1064 nm) under an in-plane magnetic field. It is found that the MHPGE current Jcx under the longitudinal geometry, i.e., Jcx∥Bx, is induced by the Larmor procession, while that under the transverse geometry, i.e., Jcx∥By, is mainly introduced by the hexagonal warping, which can be enhanced by the in-plane magnetic field. Our work demonstrates the possibility to tune the spin-polarized photocurrent of the surface states in 3D TIs via a magnetic field, which may be utilized to design new kinds of opto-spintronic devices.
Pt-Based Intermetallic Nanocrystals in Cathode Catalysts for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: From Precise Synthesis to Oxygen Reduction Reaction Strategy

Although oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts have been extensively investigated and developed, there is a lack of clarity on catalysts that can balance high performance and low cost. Pt-based intermetallic nanocrystals are of special interest in the commercialization of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) due to their excellent ORR activity and stability. This review summarizes the wide range of applications of Pt-based intermetallic nanocrystals in cathode catalysts for PEMFCs and their unique advantages in the field of ORR. Firstly, we introduce the fundamental understanding of Pt-based intermetallic nanocrystals, and highlight the difficulties and countermeasures in their synthesis. Then, the progress of theoretical and experimental studies related to the ORR activity and stability of Pt-based intermetallic nanocrystals in recent years are reviewed, especially the integrated strategies for enhancing the stability of ORR. Finally, the challenges faced by Pt-based intermetallic nanocrystals are summarized and future research directions are proposed. In addition, numerous design ideas of Pt-based intermetallic nanocrystals as ORR catalysts are summarized, aiming to promote further development of commercialization of PEMFC catalysts while fully understanding Pt-based intermetallic nanocrystals.
Adjunct-Emeritus Distillation for Semi-Supervised Language Model Adaptation

To improve customer privacy, commercial speech applications are reducing human transcription of customer data. This has a negative impact on language model training due to a smaller amount of in-domain transcripts. Prior work demonstrated that training on automated transcripts alone provides modest gains due to reinforcement of recognition errors. We consider a new condition, where a model trained on historical human transcripts, but not the transcripts themselves, are available to us. To overcome temporal drift in vocabulary and topics, we propose a novel extension of knowledge distillation, adjunct-emeritus distillation where two imperfect teachers jointly train a student model. We conduct experiments on an English voice assistant domain and simulate a one year gap in human transcription. Unlike ﬁne-tuning, our approach is architecture agnostic and achieves a 14% relative reduction in perplexity over the baseline approach of freezing model development and improves over the baseline of knowledge distillation.
Municipal Wastewater Irrigation Quality and Its Impacts on Selected Soil Properties Around Harar City, Eastern Ethiopia

In many arid and semiarid countries, wastewater irrigation is becoming a common practice in agriculture. Commitment of government and social intervention for more effective waste management are the major constraints. The study was conducted in eastern Ethiopia to identify the impacts of municipal wastewater soil physicochemical properties and irrigation water quality. Soil samples were collected from different farm fields to determine the physical and chemical properties of soil, and heavy metal accumulation at different irrigation farms and wastewater samples were also analyzed. Manusipal wastewater taken from different study sites was categorized into three groups: control (nonirrigated), municipal wastewater irrigated farmland and municipal wastewater irrigated farmland. The results showed that bulk density was negatively decreased and moisture contents and total porosity were significantly increased. The soil EC, cadmium, lead available phosphorus, OM, and CEC levels significantly increased with increasing wastewater application. The concentrations of Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb and Cr are highwere higher in irrigated effluent than in nonirrigated effluent. Untreated and treated MWW were tested for heavy metal presence and accumulation. In the present study, soil OM increased as the content in the soil also increased as the number of irrigations increased. The most effective way to eliminate the impact of this municipal wastewater on the soil is to develop and implement an effective wastewater management plan. Limited studies have been done, and they should be encouraged to address municipal wastewater impacts on plants and farmers. The government should be focused on awareness of creation and management systems.
Corporate Governance and Risk Management: Lessons (Not) Learnt from the Financial Crisis

The paper aims to understand if and which lessons have been learned since the financial crisis of 2007–2008, highlighting the main deficiencies which still affect the corporate governance and risk management systems more than a decade after. A survey was performed by collecting the answers to 15 questions about corporate governance and risk management practices, given by a representative sample of 200 finance professionals (100 from the USA, 50 from Italy, 50 from the UK). The survey allows saying that corporate governance codes and risk management approach, even though improved and implemented over the past decade, still present problems in terms of principles or application. The results provide insights into how corporate governance issues are addressed and how financial institutions and regulators learn and adapt from a crisis. The paper also gives new perspectives on corporate governance, indicating where regulators need to focus on to rethink the governance mechanisms.
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT EKSPRESI P15 TERHADAP NEVUS MELANOSITIK DAN MELANOMA MALIGNA

The correlation of expression p15 with melanocytic naevus and malignant melanoma. Background. Melanocytic lesions have a broad morphological and cytomorphological picture including benign conditions or melanocytic naevus and malignant melanoma. Some features of a melanocytic nevus mimicking melanoma. p15 is a tumor suppressor gene and is a robust biomarker that can be used to differentiate between nevus and melanoma. This study aims to determine the correlation between p15 expression in melanocytic naevus and malignant melanoma. Methods. This research is an observational descriptive study with a case series design, conducted from January 1st, 2015 to December 30th 2019. A total of 60 samples were subjected to immunohistochemical examinations using antibody p15. The expression p15 is based on tumor cell proportion and intensity. Statistical analysis using SPSS version 23. Result. Melanocytic nevus was predominantly female (76.7%), age group <55 years (90%), location of tumors on the head and neck (83.3), histopathological type of dermal naevus (53.3%). Malignant melanoma was mostly found in men (15, 53.6%), age group <55 years (57.1%), the location of tumors on the head and neck (35.7%), type histopathology of nodular melanoma (42.9%). The correlation between p15 level expression and melanocytic lesions (melanocytic nevus and malignant melanoma) (r = 0.9666; p = 0.000). Conclusion. High expression of p15 was found in melanocytic nevus and low in malignant melanoma. There was correlation between p15 level expression and melanocytic lesions (melanocytic nevus and malignant melanoma). The lower the p15 expression, the more likely malignant melanoma will occur.
Periotest Evaluation of Stability after Insertion of Temporary Anchorage Device

Introduction: Skeletal anchorage devices was developed for absolute anchorage during orthodontictreatment. Because of immediate loading on orthodontic miniscrews, early stability became a essentialrequirement for loading forces on miniscrews.Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the early stability of the miniscrews after two weeks ofinsertion and the effect of the length and the side of insertion of the miniscrews on its stability using Periotestdevice.Material and Method: Thirty- three orthodontic patients in a collage clinic were recruited who requiredbilateral miniscrews for orthodontic anchorage. Under local anesthesia, each patient received two miniscrewsin the maxillary buccal area (one side 1.6x8mm and the other side 1.6x10mm). after two week early stabilitymeasured using Periotest device.Results: There was no significant different in stability of miniscrew between right and lift sides and betweenshort and long miniscrews.Conclusion: length of miniscrew and side of insertion do not affect the early stability of miniscrew.
Enhanced Lead Phytoextraction by Endophytes from Indigenous Plants

Lead (Pb) is one of the most common metal pollutants in soil, and phytoextraction is a sustainable and cost-effective way to remove it. The purpose of this work was to develop a phytoextraction strategy able to efficiently remove Pb from the soil of a decommissioned fuel depot located in Italy by the combined use of EDTA and endophytic bacteria isolated from indigenous plants. A total of 12 endophytic strains from three native species (Lotus cornicolatus, Sonchus tenerrimus, Bromus sterilis) were isolated and selected to prepare a microbial consortium used to inoculate microcosms of Brassica juncea and Helianthus annuus. As for B. juncea, experimental data showed that treatment with microbial inoculum alone was the most effective in improving Pb phytoextraction in shoots (up to 25 times more than the control). In H. annuus, on the other hand, the most effective treatment was the combined treatment (EDTA and inoculum) with up to three times more Pb uptake values. These results, also validated by the metagenomic analysis, confirm that plant-microbe interaction is a crucial key point in phytoremediation.
Acoustic Echo Cancellation with Cross-Domain Learning

This paper proposes the Cross-Domain Echo-Controller (CDEC), submitted to the Interspeech 2021 AEC-Challenge. The algorithm consists of three building blocks: (i) a Time-Delay Compensation (TDC) module, (ii) a frequency-domain block-based Acoustic Echo Canceler (AEC), and (iii) a Time-Domain Neural-Network (TD-NN) used as a post-processor. Our system achieves an overall MOS score of 3.80, while only using 2.1 million parameters at a system latency of 32ms.
Estimasi Biomassa dan Simpanan Karbon pada Vegetasi Lamun di Perairan Pantai Jepara

Peningkatan emisi karbon yang berasal dari berbagai aktivitas manusisa dapat mengakibatkan terjadinya pemanasan global. Salah satu upaya untuk mengurangi emisi gas karbon adalah dengan memanfaatkan vegetasi pesisir seperti lamun yang dikenal dengan istilah blue carbon. Ekosistem lamun merupakan salah satu ekosistem pesisir yang dapat menyerap dan menyimpan karbon dalam jumlah yang besar dan dalam waktu yang lama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kerapatan, tutupan lamun, nilai biomassa dan simpanan karbon pada lamun di Pantai Blebak dan Pantai Prawean, Kabupaten Jepara. Metode survei dan penentuan lokasi dipilih dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling, sedangkan metode pengambilan data lamun melalui metode line transect quadrant dengan ukuran 50x50 cm yang mengacu pada metode LIPI 2017. Perhitungan kandungan karbon menggunakan metode Loss On Ignition (LOI). Hasil kerapatan lamun total pada Pantai Prawean yaitu sebesar 221,45 ind/m2 dan nilai tutupan total lamun sebesar 45,98%. Kerapatan lamun total pada Pantai Blebak yaitu sebesar 160 ind/m2 dan nilai tutupan total lamun sebesar 41,67%. Nilai biomassa bawah substrat dan atas substrat pada Pantai Prawean (726,25 gbk/m2 dan 500,50 gbk/m2) menunjukkan nilai yang lebih besar dibandingkan nilai biomassa bawah substrat dan atas substrat pada Pantai Blebak (606,50 gbk/m2 dan 370,75 gbk/m2). Total kandungan karbon pada Pantai Prawean adalah 464,10 gC/m2 sedangkan pada Pantai Blebak adalah 357,79 gC/m2. Hasil perhitungan total stok karbon yang didapatkan menunjukkan bahwa Pantai Prawean memiliki nilai biomassa dan total stok karbon yang lebih tinggi daripada Pantai Blebak. Human activities lead to the increasing of carbon emission, which caused global warming. Seagrass and other coastal vegetation are being used to reduce carbon emission. This is known as blue carbon. The seagrass ecosystem is one of coastal ecosystem that can absorb and stock high amount of carbon in a short period of time. This study was done to determine the density, seagrass coverage, biomass, and carbon stock within the seagrass in Prawean and Blebak Beach, Jepara. Survey method and location determination method were done with purposive sampling method. Whereas, the seagrass data was collected by Line Transect Quadrant method 50x50 cm based on LIPI’s 2017 method. Loss on Ignition method was used to measure the carbon’s content. The density of total seagrass in Prawean beach is 221,45 ind/m2 and the total percentage of seagrass coverage is 45,98%. Total density of seagrass in Blebak Beach is 160 ind/m2 with a coverage percentage of 41,67%. The biomass below the substrate level and above the substrate level in Prawean Beach (726,25 gbk/m2 and 500,50 gbk/m2) showed a bigger amount than the amount of biomass in Blebak Beach (606,50 gbk/m2 and 370,75 gbk/m2). Total amount of carbon in Prawean is 464,10 gC/m2 meanwhile in Blebak, the amount of carbon is 357,79 gC/m2. The results of the total carbon stock obtained indicate that Prawean Beach has higher biomass and total carbon stock values than Blebak Beach.
Influence of Root Canal Sealers and Obturation Techniques on Vertical Root Fracture Resistance. An In Vitro Experiment

The aim of the present study was to determine the vertical root fracture (VRF) resistance of roots obturated with TotalFill BC Sealer and AH Plus sealer using lateral condensation and single cone techniques in comparison to untreated controls. Sixty single rooted mandibular premolars were sectioned and divided into six groups. Ten teeth were left untreated (positive control-Gp 1) and fifty teeth were cleaned and shaped. Ten root specimens were left unfilled (negative control-Gp 2) and the remaining roots were divided into 4 groups. Gp 3, GP and AH Plus sealer (AH Plus) using the cold lateral compaction (LC) technique; Gp 4, GP and AH Plus using the Single Cone (SC) technique; Gp 5: TotalFill GP and TotalFill BC sealer using the LC technique; Gp 6: TotalFill GP and TotalFill BC sealer with SC. VRF was performed for all specimens using a universal testing machine. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukeys post-hoc multiple comparison test was used to compare the means among tested study groups. Group 1 (positive control) displayed the highest fracture resistance (946.61 ± 166.465 N); however, the lowest fracture strength was demonstrated by the specimens in group 2 (negative control) (433.31 ± 129.350 N). Specimens treated with AH plus using different obturation techniques (group 3 and 4) showed comparable outcomes (p > 0.05). Similarly, specimens treated with TotalFill BC sealer with different obturation techniques showed statistically similar outcomes (p > 0.05). It was also observed that specimens in groups 3, 4, 5 and 6 demonstrated comparable outcomes of fracture strength (p > 0.05). The use of TotalFill-BC sealer showed similar vertical root fracture resistance as AH plus sealer in root canal treated teeth. Use of total fill-BC and AH Plus sealer in root canal treatment showed vertical root fracture resistance comparable to untreated natural teeth (positive controls).
A Neural-Network-Based Approach to Identifying Speakers in Novels

Identifying speakers in novels aims at determining who says a quote in a given context by text analysis. This task is important for speech synthesis systems to assign appropriate voices to the quotes when producing audiobooks. However, existing approaches stick with manual features and traditional machine learning classiﬁers, which constrain the accuracy of speaker identiﬁcation. In this paper, we propose a method to tackle this challenging problem with the help of deep learning. We formulate speaker identiﬁcation as a scoring task and build a candidate scoring network (CSN) based on BERT. Candidate-speciﬁc segments are put forward to eliminate redundant context information. Moreover, a revision algorithm is designed utilizing the speaker alternation pattern in two-party dialogues. Experiments have been conducted using the dataset built on the Chinese novel World of Plainness . The results show that our proposed method reaches a new state-of-the-art performance with an identiﬁcation accuracy of 82.5%, which outperforms the baseline using manual features by 12%.
MPPT Based on Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) for a Photovoltaic System Under Unstable Environmental Conditions

Many algorithms have been used to track the MPP in a PV generator. Although these algorithms have proved their worth, the fact remains that they still have limits in terms of stability, response times and significant presence of oscillations, especially for sub-Saharan conditions where the climate variation is very sudden and has a considerable impact on the power delivered at the generator output. In this article, the objective is to develop an MPPT controller based on an Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) to improve the performance of the Felicity Solar type FL-M-160W photovoltaic module submitted to varying environmental conditions. The specifications of the FL-M-160W module are used to analyze and model the PV generator and boost converter located between the panel and the load in Matlab / Simulink. After the experimental tests, a database was set up to develop the neurofuzzy controller. The proposed ANFIS model was tested and validated under the Matlab / Simulink environment and then inserted into the PV system. The optimum voltage Vopt provided by this model is compared to the reference voltage Vpv provided by the PV generator and the error obtained is used to adjust the duty cycle of the DC-DC boost converter. After simulations, the results obtained reveal a good performance of the ANFIS controller compared to conventional P&O, InC and HC controllers in terms of stability, convergence speed, accuracy, robustness, and response time even under unstable environmental conditions with an efficiency of about 98%.