Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Ka-band / n261 band Dual-Scan Phased Array Antenna for Application in LEO Satellite Constellations

Recent deployments of satellite constellations have taken an increased interest in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) owing to the advantages of lower path loss, lower latency in terms of the propagation delay and coverage of concentrated pockets of area. Due to the nature of these orbits, antennas on the ground station with the ability to scan over wide angles is necessitated. Phased array antennas are the ideal candidates in such a scenario owing to their low cost, low profile and wide-angle scanning performance. In this paper, a phased array antenna is designed and presented to operate around the n261 band of 5GNRFR2 and the 28 GHz Ka-band with an azimuthal beamscanning range of 50° on either side of the boresight. There is also a symmetric elevation scan around boresight of +/-25° attained without the use of phase shifters. The antenna element consists of a multilayer series aperture coupled antenna fed by a meander line. It offers good performance in terms of beamscanning cost as the phase shifter requirement is reduced, owing to the use of frequency scanning in elevation and phase scanning only in the azimuth, drastically reducing the cost. The phased array has a good total efficiency around 80%. The antenna has been designed and its performance validated by full wave simulations in the solver CST Studio Suite.
Sustainable and Innovative Cross-Border Regional Development with Focus on Tourism in the Danube Basin—A Case-Study of Szigetköz and Csallóköz (Žitný Ostrov)

The current paper aims to analyze the Hungarian–Slovakian cross-border area (Szigetköz, Csallóköz) and unearth the region’s latent economic development potential. The study area with its unique natural environment has recently aroused the interest of many fields. Szigetköz is a fresh spot in the agglomeration of two large cities: Győr and Mosonmagyaróvár. What could be the economic bases and social factors that can awaken the area from its sleeping rose dream? Along with this issue, we explore socio-economic development opportunities. The exploratory research is based on content analysis of strategic documents and in-depth interviews with the settlement’s mayors. The results show that, although the overwhelming majority of settlements have a more moderate population loss and an abundance of economic opportunities relative to other Hungarian settlements, there are several gaps and negative processes that operate beneath the surface.
Comparative Study of Antiproliferative Activity in Different Plant Parts of Phaleria macrocarpa and the Underlying Mechanism of Action

Phaleria macrocarpa is a medicinal plant widely used in Indonesian folk medicine to treat several diseases, including cancer. However, the comparative evaluation of various plant parts of P. macrocarpa has not been studied for their anticancer properties on breast cancer. The study aimed to assess the antiproliferative activity of the ethanol extract of various parts of Phaleria macrocarpa against T47D human breast cancer cell lines. Several parts of P. macrocarpa, including pericarp, mesocarp, seed, and leaf, were used to determine the most potent plant part to inhibit the growth of T47D cells. The cytotoxic effects of each plant part were evaluated by WST-1 assay. The apoptotic level of T47D cells was determined by annexin V-FITC-PI and DNA fragmentation assay. Propidium iodide staining and the CFSE assay were used to examine the effect of each extract on cell cycle distribution and cell division, respectively. The relative number of caspase-3, Bax, and Bcl-2 was analyzed by flow cytometry technique. WST-1 assay revealed that P. macrocarpa leaves exhibited the most potent antiproliferative activity (p < 0.05) compared to other plant parts with selectivity only to T47D cells. P. macrocarpa leaves extract effectively induced apoptosis, inhibited proliferation, and arrested the cell cycle of T47D cells. The relative number of caspase-3 was significantly (p < 0.05) increased after being treated with P. macrocarpa leaf extract. P. macrocarpa leaf extract also leads to the dose-dependent accumulation in the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio due to upregulation of Bax and downregulation of Bcl-2. The overall results indicated that P. macrocarpa leaves could inhibit the proliferation of T47D cells and trigger apoptosis through caspase-3 activation and Bax/Bcl regulation. Therefore, P. macrocarpa leaves can be used for breast cancer therapy.
Slantlet filter-bank-based satellite image enhancement using gamma-corrected knee transformation

ABSTRACT In this paper, an efficient and relatively fast approach for satellite image enhancement is proposed. This technique is based on auto-knee transfer function with suitable gamma correction using slantlet transform for two-scale decomposed image. Dark or low contrast, big-data (or large sized) multispectral images can be easily enhanced by proper tuning for the value of gamma-parameter using slantlet transform. Here, sub-band decomposition is achieved by employing single-level slantlet filter-bank, which is just equivalent to second-level sub-band decomposition using discrete wavelet transform) that has been employed initially. For this purpose, main information of the image is concentrated to lowest sub-band, over which gamma correction is applied after computing the knee transfer function adaptively for low quality input image. In addition to this two-scale decomposition-based enhancement, here, gamma-corrected energy redistributed slantlet transform-based textural enhancement framework is also suggested. The experimentation comprised of relative performance evaluation and comparison on the same scale; clearly reflects the outperformance of proposed methodology over various well-known pre-existing state-of-the-art techniques both quantitatively and qualitatively.
VCO‐based ADC with a simplified DAC for non‐linearity correction

The performance of open-loop ADCs implemented with VCOs is limited by VCO non-linearity and first-order noise shaping. The resolution limitation imposed by first-order noise shaping can be compensated by a ring oscillator VCO with many output phases. Linearity can also be improved by using a feedback loop around the VCO closed with a DAC. However, a long ring oscillator may require a DAC with a prohibitive number of bits if feedback is used to compensate distortion. This Letter proposes an ADC architecture based on the Leslie-Singh Sigma-Delta ( Σ Δ ) modulator that allows to implement a distortion correction loop around a VCO with a simplified DAC of few levels, yet keeping a large number of output quantisation levels to maintain resolution. The Letter discusses the system-level architecture and shows an implementation circuit example to verify the effective correction of distortion.
A Low-Cost Antenna Using SISL Technology With Suppressed Sidelobe Level for 77 GHz Automotive Radar

The letter proposes a substrate integrated suspended line low-cost antenna with suppressed sidelobe levels for 77 GHz automotive radar. The antenna consists of two embedded air cavities. The double-layer wiring with dielectric excavation makes more electromagnetic energy distributed in the air cavity, significantly reducing the dielectric loss. The sidelobe level is decreased to −15 dB according to the Chebyshev synthesis. The measured results validate that the antenna bandwidth is from 75.01–82.12 GHz which can cover the 77 GHz application (76–81 GHz) with the max realized gain of 13.5 dBi. In addition, the antenna is fabricated on the FR4 substrates resulting in low cost.
Autophagy modulates the metabolism and growth of tomato fruit during development

Abstract Although autophagy is a conserved mechanism operating across eukaryotes, its effects on crops and especially their metabolism has received relatively little attention. Indeed, whilst a few recent studies have used systems biology tools to look at the consequences of lack of autophagy in maize these focused on leaf tissues rather than the kernels. Here we utilized RNA interference (RNAi) to generate tomato plants that were deficient in the autophagy-regulating protease ATG4. Plants displayed an early senescence phenotype yet relatively mild changes in the foliar metabolome and were characterized by a reduced fruit yield phenotype. Metabolite profiling indicated that metabolites of ATG4-RNAi tomato leaves just exhibited minor alterations while that of fruit displayed bigger difference compared to the WT. In detail, many primary metabolites exhibited decreases in the ATG4-RNAi lines, such as proline, tryptophan and phenylalanine, while the representative secondary metabolites (quinic acid and 3-trans-caffeoylquinic acid) were present at substantially higher levels in ATG4-RNAi green fruits than in WT. Moreover, transcriptome analysis indicated that the most prominent differences were in the significant upregulation of organelle degradation genes involved in the proteasome or chloroplast vesiculation pathways, which was further confirmed by the reduced levels of chloroplastic proteins in the proteomics data. Furthermore, integration analysis of the metabolome, transcriptome and proteome data indicated that ATG4 significantly affected the lipid metabolism, chlorophyll binding proteins and chloroplast biosynthesis. These data collectively lead us to propose a more sophisticated model to explain the cellular co-ordination of the process of autophagy.
2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-4-(3,4-dimethoxy-phenyl)-6-methoxy-3-methylquinoline

A 2,4-diarylquinoline derivative, 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-methoxy-3-methylquinoline, was synthesized in a conventional two-step procedure from p-anisidine, p-chlorobenzaldehyde and methyl isoeugenol as available starting reagents through a sequence of BF3·OEt2-catalyzed Povarov cycloaddition reaction/oxidative dehydrogenation aromatization processes under microwave irradiation conditions in the presence of a green oxidative I2-DMSO system. The structure of the compound was fully characterized by FT-IR, 1H and 13C-NMR, ESI-MS, and elemental analysis. Its physicochemical parameters (Lipinski’s descriptors) were also calculated using the Molinspiration Cheminformatics software. The diarylquinoline molecule obtained is an interesting model with increased lipophilicity and thus permeability, an important descriptor for quinoline-based drug design. Such types of derivatives are known for their anticancer, antitubercular, antifungal, and antiviral activities.
Analysis and Simulations of Hybrid Memory Scheme Based on Memristors

The investigation of new memory schemes is significant for future generations of electronic devices. The purpose of this research is to present a detailed analysis of the processes in the memory elements of a memory section with memristors and isolating Metal Oxide Semiconductor (MOS) transistors. For the present analysis, a modified window function previously proposed by the author in another memristor model is used. The applied model is based on physical nonlinear current-voltage and state-voltage characteristics. It is suitable for illustration of the processes in the memristors for both writing and reading procedures. The memory scheme is simulated using a nonlinear drift model with an improved window function. The used model was previously adjusted according to the reference Pickett model. The memory circuit is analyzed for writing and reading information procedures. The memristor current-voltage relationship is compared to physical experimental characteristics and to results acquired by the use of basic window functions. A satisfactory coincidence between the corresponding results is established. For the used logical signals, the memory elements operate in a state near to hard-switching mode. It is confirmed that the memristor model with a modified window function applied here is suitable for investigating complex memristor circuits for a general operating mode.
Modular Origami Soft Robot with the Perception of Interaction Force and Body Configuration

Bio‐inspired soft robots provide a promising solution for robots working in human‐centered scenarios and interacting with unstructured environments. However, the functional versatility and multimodal sensing of soft robots still need improvements. On one hand, the configuration of a soft robot is predefined during manufacturing; on the other hand, the multimodal perception of the deformable soft actuator is challenging. In this work, a reconfigurable and proprioceptive soft origami module is presented, where two kinds of basic actuation modes (i.e., extension and bending) are realized, and multimodal perception is enabled using a novel foldable self‐inductance sensor. As a result, the origami module can be reconfigured to assemble multifunctional robots that can measure interaction force, body configuration, and other environmental information. Dedicated experiments are performed to validate the performance of the proposed origami module. An intelligent gripper assembled using three origami modules is designed with the capabilities of grasping mode adjustment, grasping force measurement, and the grasping target's size measurement. An intelligent jellyfish is assembled using five origami modules, and equipped with buoyancy adjustment and underwater grasping capabilities. The proposed proprioceptive modular soft origami provides an effective solution for versatile and intelligent soft robot design.
Genome Sequence and Characterization of a Xanthorhodopsin-Containing, Aerobic Anoxygenic Phototrophic Rhodobacter Species, Isolated from Mesophilic Conditions at Yellowstone National Park

The genus Rhodobacter consists of purple nonsulfur photosynthetic alphaproteobacteria known for their diverse metabolic capabilities. Here, we report the genome sequence and initial characterization of a novel Rhodobacter species, strain M37P, isolated from Mushroom hot spring runoff in Yellowstone National Park at 37 °C. Genome-based analyses and initial growth characteristics helped to define the differentiating characteristics of this species and identified it as an aerobic anoxygenic phototroph (AAP). This is the first AAP identified in the genus Rhodobacter. Strain M37P has a pinkish-red pigmentation that is present under aerobic dark conditions but disappears under light incubation. Whole genome-based analysis and average nucleotide identity (ANI) comparison indicate that strain M37P belongs to a specific clade of recently identified species that are genetically and physiologically unique from other representative Rhodobacter species. The genome encodes a unique xanthorhodopsin, not found in any other Rhodobacter species, which may be responsible for the pinkish-red pigmentation. These analyses indicates that strain M37P is a unique species that is well-adapted to optimized growth in the Yellowstone hot spring runoff, for which we propose the name Rhodobacter calidifons sp. nov.
Polarization Reconfigurable Corner Truncated Square Microstrip Array Antenna

In this paper, a simple 2 × 2 polarization reconfigurable planar microstrip array antenna is presented. It is based on electrical switching technology using PIN diodes. Each element of the array is excited with the aid of the corporate feed technique. Each element of the proposed structure consists of a corner truncated square patch connected to parasitic triangular conductors by means of PIN diodes. The array element is configured to facilitate linear polarization (LP), right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) or left-hand circular polarization (LHCP) by means of 4 independently biased PIN diodes. The proposed antenna is designed and simulated using electromagnetic simulation software CST Microwave Studio. In order to experimentally validate the design, a prototype is fabricated on a 1.6 mm thick RT Duroid substrate of relative permittivity ϵr = 2.2. The performance of the antenna is validated experimentally using 16 PIN diodes. The simulation and measured results for all the polarization states of the array antenna are found to be in good agreement. The measured results have established the polarization reconfigurable ability of the antenna for 5.7–6.0 GHz operating band. The proposed antenna is suitable for C-band point-to-point communication applications.
Industry 4.0 and Precision Livestock Farming (PLF): An up to Date Overview across Animal Productions

Precision livestock farming (PLF) has spread to various countries worldwide since its inception in 2003, though it has yet to be widely adopted. Additionally, the advent of Industry 4.0 and the Internet of Things (IoT) have enabled a continued advancement and development of PLF. This modern technological approach to animal farming and production encompasses ethical, economic and logistical aspects. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of PLF and Industry 4.0, to identify current applications of this rather novel approach in different farming systems for food producing animals, and to present up to date knowledge on the subject. Current scientific literature regarding the spread and application of PLF and IoT shows how efficient farm animal management systems are destined to become. Everyday farming practices (feeding and production performance) coupled with continuous and real-time monitoring of animal parameters can have significant impacts on welfare and health assessment, which are current themes of public interest. In the context of feeding a rising global population, the agri-food industry and industry 4.0 technologies may represent key features for successful and sustainable development.
Coordination problems in container barging in the port of Rotterdam: an institutional analysis

ABSTRACT Container barging has gained in importance in port-related transport along with the need for sustainable transport. Nevertheless, coordination problems between terminal operator and barge operator exist, and performance lags behind. This paper analyses factors that may hinder or stimulate a better future performance of container barging in the port of Rotterdam. A case study is accomplished and guided by a framework rooted in Institutional Economics. Despite favourable conditions set by governments and the port authority, the share of container barging has hardly grown. The container barging sector in Rotterdam is embedded in a history with many alliances, a high degree of organisation, and a good track record in the development of institutional arrangements to solve coordination problems. However, the present contractual relations in the transport chain form an inadequate condition. From a theoretical perspective, the paper shows the value of studying port-related transport chains by acknowledging their institutional context.
An Enhanced Fusion Approach for Meticulous Presaging of HD Detection Using Deep Learning

Numerous methodologies have been adopted for the detection of arrhythmia. ECG signals are challenging to utilize customary diagnosis of arrhythmia by the use of machine learning. It is capable observing of heart arrhythmia suffered patients could save their life. In the early stages have improved the results of patients to detect the disease. Arrhythmias is a condition where the electrical signal of the heart is detected either quicker, more slow than typical, this is a reason for death for people each year. In this current study for the detection of HD, the NCA with LSTM is used. The CA dataset has taken from UCI, which consists 279 characteristics. The objective is to characterize CA patients into 16 classes by ECG dataset for getting prediction output. The DL method as (LSTM) and LDA is used. NCA is implemented on both this model for selecting the relevant features from the arrhythmia dataset by the combination of LSTM +NCA and NCA+LDA obtained better results in terms of accuracy rate that is 98.6 % and 94.1 respectively.
Identiﬁcation and Characterization of a Potential Antimicrobial Peptide Isolated from Soil Brevibacillus sp. WUL10 and Its Activity against MRSA Pathogens

: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a severe threat to public health globally. The development of novel agents has encountered the repeated mechanism of drug resistance. This study aimed to investigate an anti-MRSA substance isolated from a promising soil bacterium. The result showed that an isolate (WUL10) was in the Brevibacillus genus. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the puriﬁed substance was 1 µ g/mL against S. aureus TISTR 517 and MRSA strains. This substance showed the bactericidal effect at the concentration of 1–2 µ g/mL against these bacterial indicators. The activity of the substance retained more than 95% when encountering high temperatures and a wide range of pH, but it was sensitive to proteolytic enzymes and SDS. It was identiﬁed as a novel antimicrobial peptide (KVLVKYLGGLLKLAALMV-COOH) with the predicted structure of α -helix. The substance could rupture the cell wall of the tested pathogen. MIC and MBC of the synthesized peptide were 16 and 64 µ g/mL, respectively. The difference in the activity between the isolated and synthetic peptides might be from the synergistic effects of other AMPs in the puriﬁed substance. This novel AMP would provide an advantage for further development of anti-MRSA substances to manage the situation of antibiotic resistance.
RF-Based Device-Free Counting of People Waiting in Line: A Modular Approach

Device-free RF sensing and monitoring of human/crowd behavior has gained great attraction and consensus. Many different systems have been proposed for different applications, e.g. crowd counting, people localization and tracking or activity recognition. This paper focuses on a relatively new application for device-free RF sensing, i.e. counting of people waiting in line. The proposed solution follows a modular approach which splits an indefinitely long and complex waiting line into chunks (modules) of small size. In each module we apply a naïve Bayes classification algorithm to statistical features of RF power measurements over links crossing the queue. We prove through experiments and combinatorial calculus that the proposed approach achieves very promising accuracy.
Multi-Objective Inverse Reinforcement Learning via Non-Negative Matrix Factorization

In recent years, inverse reinforcement learning, which estimates the reward from the sequence of states followed by an expert (trajectory), has been attracting attention in terms of imitating complex behaviors and estimating the intentions of people or animals. Existing inverse reinforcement learning methods assume that the expert has a single objective. However, it is more natural to assume that experts have multiple objectives in the real world. A previous paper proposed a method for estimating an expert's preferences for each objective (i.e., weights) when the true multi-objective reward vector is known. In this study, we formulated the simultaneous estimation of the multi-objective reward vector and weights as a multi-objective inverse reinforcement learning (MOIRL) problem where both are unknown. In this paper, we propose a MOIRL method based on non-negative matrix factorization. Through the results of computational experiments, we show that the proposed method can estimate the rewards and weights from trajectories obtained in a multi-objective environment.
Microstructure, non-metallic inclusions and impact toughness of high-Mn cryogenic steel weld metal

Microstructure, inclusions and cryogenic impact toughness of Fe-22.03Mn-0.45C austenitic weld metal were investigated. The results show that microstructure of weld metal consisted of straight columnar dendrites with different orientations. Microsegregation of Mn was observed in the interdendritic regions and Mn depletion thus occurred in the dendrite core, which is suggested to lead to the different morphologies of MnS oxides (Mn–Al–Si–O) depending on their location. MnS patch-type oxides were found at dendrite boundary and MnS shell-type oxides were found at dendrite core. Inclusions as crack sources were distributed in the dimple of cryogenic impact fractography, it was found that MnS patch-type oxides were more ready to act as a crack source and cause the formation of dimples than MnS shell-type oxides.