Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Kronik Böbrek Yetmezliğinde Serum Ürik Asit Düzeyleri ve İlişkili Faktörler Serum Uric Acid Levels and Related Factors in Chronic Kidney Disease

Objective: The end product of purine metabolism, uric acid (UA), excreted mainly by the kidneys through tubular transporters is associated with hyperten- sion, ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, gout, chronic and acute kidney disease (CKD). Accumulating evidence suggests that hyperuricemia is not only a result but also a risk factor for CKD. UA levels are increasing since the early stages of CKD and elevated UA levels are associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In this study, we aimed to quantify UA levels in patients diagnosed with CKD and to correlate results with the other associated factors. Material and Methods: In this study 270 patients diagnosed with CKD was screened. Two groups assessed; these were the group-1 with the glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 60 ml/min1.73m2 or below and the group-2 with the eGFR above 60 ml/min. Demographic characteristics, systolic-diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), urea, creatinine, UA, leukocyte count, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin, proteinuria and microalbuminuria in 24-hour urine were determined. Between the two groups we compared all these parameters statistically and their correlation with the serum UA. Results: Demographic datas such as age and gender was found statistically insignificant. There was significant difference in means of DBP between the two groups. Mean serum UA showed statistically significant difference. NLR, CRP, albumin, proteinuria and microalbuminuria also showed statistically significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion: Increased serum UA levels in CKD patients is directly associated with proteinuria, microalbuminuria, inflammation and DBP. Therefore, considering the effect of increased the serum UA levels on these factors, our one of the main therapeutic target should aim to decrease the serum UA levels.
University of Birmingham Micro entrepreneurship in the care sector

This paper uses qualitative interviews to explore the identity of care micro enterprises, focusing on the motives, values and practices of the people who set them up (the ‘micro entrepreneurs’). It draws on a bricolage framework to demonstrate how they use local resources and networks, as well as traits of creativity and improvisation to overcome limitations and get ahead within a turbulent and under-resourced social care sector. In doing so, it contributes to debates on hybridity, in particular the internal and external conflicts that hybrid organisations like micro enterprises face when managing competing social and market logics.
The Perception about Integration of Traditional Ecological Knowledge into Teaching and Learning of Primary School in Tawangmangu

Tawangmangu rich with traditional culture, like folktales and traditional ceremonies. It was valuable as traditional ecological knowledge (TEK), but people had been forgotten. The integration of TEK into learning in rimary school may be a key tool for the the potential to improve the delivery of educational objectives about science. This paper explores perceptions about integration of the value of TEK into formal education, especially in primary school in Tawangmangu, Karanganyar District. We conducted interviews with 52 participants (educators, officials, and local TEK experts) regarding the use of the formal school system to transmit, maintain, and revitalise TEK. Participants reported that TEK in Tawangmangu had eroded and identified the formal school system as a principal driver. Most interviewees believed that if an appropriate format could be developed, TEK could be included in the formal education system. Such an approach has potential to maintain customary knowledge and practice in the focus communities. Participants identified several specific domains for inclusion in school curricula, including diversity of food knowledge, agricultural knowledge and practice, especially corn and vegetables, and the reinforcement of respect for traditional authority and values. TEK has potential to add value to formal education in primary school in Tawangmangu by contextualizing the content and process of learning, and by facilitating character development and self-awareness in students. These benefits are relevant with UNESCOmandated goals for curricular reform and provide a strong argument for the inclusion of TEK in formal school. However, interviewees also noted a number of practical barriers to teaching TEK in primary school. These relates the cultural diversity and views within the community. However, needed further research to the significant epistemological challenges inherent in including TEK in formal school, particularly as participants noted the potential for such approaches to have negative consequences.
Prevalence and Predictors of Aortic Valve Sclerosis in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients

Background: Aortic valve sclerosis (AVS) is a serious public health issue, particularly among the elderly. It is linked to higher rates of acute cardiovascular events. In addition, cardiovascular diseases are common in chronic hemodialysis patients. Objective: To find out the prevalence of AVS in chronic hemodialysis patients and assess risk factors for AVS in these patients. Patients and Methods: The research involved 58 chronic hemodialysis patients from December 2019 to December 2020. They were categorized into group 1 (22 subjects) who did not have AVS and group 2 (36 subjects) who had AVS. Demographic data were gathered from all patients. Laboratory investigations and echocardiographic examinations were done for all the subjects. Results: Group 2 was older than group 1 (p = 0.002). In addition, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was higher in group 1 than in group 2 (p < 0.003). Furthermore, group 2 exhibited greater serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels than group 1 (p = 0.011). In contrast, group 2 had lower serum creatinine, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) than group 1 (p= 0.049, p = 0.038, p = 0.01, and p = 0.01, respectively). On multivariate regression analysis, greater age (p = 0.014), lower DBP (p = 0.049), and lower MCH (p = 0.011) were significantly predictive of AVS. Conclusion: 37.9% of hemodialysis patients had AVS in this study and the predictors for AVS included older age, lower DBP, and lower MCH.
Colloquium Study of Nd 3 , Pd 2 , Pt 4 , and Fe 3 dopant effect on photoreactivity of TiO 2 nanoparticles

The metallorganic chemical vapor deposition method was successfully used to synthesize pure TiO2 and Nd3 -, Pd2 -, Pt4 -, and Fe3 -doped TiO2 nanoparticles. Polycrystalline TiO2 structure was verified with x-ray diffraction, which showed typical characteristic anatase reflections without any separate dopant-related peaks. Transmission electron microscopy observations confirmed the existence of homogeneously distributed 22 3 nm TiO2 nanoparticles. The particle size remained the same for the doped samples. The doping level of transition metals was kept at 1 atomic percent, which was determined by x-ray photoelectron spectra and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. The effects of different types of dopants on the photocatalytic activity were revealed by the degradation of 2-chlorophenols with an UV light source. The photocatalytic efficiency was remarkably enhanced by the introduction of Pd2 and Nd3 . Nd3 -doped TiO2 showed the largest enhancement. However, Pt4 changed the 2-chlorophenol degradation rate only slightly, and Fe3 was detrimental to this process. These effects were related to the position of the dopants in the nanoparticles and the difference in their ionic radii with respect to that of Ti4 .
Beyond the factory paradigm: Digital nomadism and the digital future(s) of knowledge work post-COVID-19

What are the potential futures of knowledge work, given its transformation into almost exclusively digital work during the COVID-19 pandemic crisis? Our ongoing research program on digital nomadism informs a Hegelian dialectical analysis and an envisioning of the future(s) of knowledge work We contrast the Factory paradigm of work (thesis), exemplified by the “ideal type” of the 9-to-5 corporate worker, with the Hypermobility paradigm of work (antithesis), exemplified by the ideal type of the digital nomad Reflecting on this contrast, we envision the possible digital futures of knowledge work as a continuous spectrum, ranging from a future based on the Digital Taylorism paradigm of work to a future based on the Worker Autonomy paradigm of work These futures are discussed in terms of different approaches to organizing work, working with technology, delineating work/life boundaries, and provisioning the social safety net IS researchers are uniquely positioned to perform research and inform decision-making in all these areas, and thus make a difference in determining whether the future we end up with more closely resembles Digital Taylorism or the Worker Autonomy vision © 2020 by the Association for Information Systems
In vitro and ex vivo Functional Evaluation of a Hollow Fiber-type Bioarti cial Liver Module Containing ES Cell-derived Hepatocyte-like Cells

The liver plays a central role in all metabolic processes in our body. Currently, orthotropic liver transplantation is the only proven effective treatment for serious acute liver failure (ALF) such as fulminant hepatic failure (FHF). However, liver transplantation has not yet become a standard treatment for FHF because of a shortage of donors. A bioarti cial liver (BAL) device containing living hepatocytes might be a therapeutic alternative to liver transplantation. In this study, we developed a hollow ber (HF)-type bioarti cial liver (BAL) module and evaluated the performance of an embryonic stem cell (ESC)-immobilized bioarti cial liver (ESBAL) module in vitro and ex vivo. Mouse ESCs were immobilized in a BAL module and then cultured under perfusion conditions. Cells immobilized inside the HFs had a high proliferative activity and formed cylindrical organoids. For hepatic differentiation of cultured cells, differentiation-promoting agents were added to the culture medium. Ammonia removal and albumin secretion were detected after about 2 weeks of culture. Male Wistar rats were used in animal experiments. After induction of liver failure, rats were connected to an ES-BAL module containing differentiated ESCs or a control module (without cells) and underwent extracorporeal circulation for 1 h. We measured the changes in blood biochemical parameters. All rats in the control group died within 10 h, whereas two out of three rats treated with the ES-BAL module recovered after the operation. We evaluated the changes in blood biochemical parameters and the liver weight of surviving rats treated with the ES-BAL module. Most of the blood biochemical parameters had returned to normal ranges at 1 week after treatment. We also observed increased liver weight. In conclusion, we developed a novel HF-type BAL module containing differentiated ESCs with liver-speci c functions. Our BAL module has the potential to support liver functions and induce liver regeneration in rats with liver failure.
NOVEL 2-12QAM MODULATION FORMAT

The 16 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (16QAM) is the preferred modulation format for many communication and broadcasting standards. However, performance of the overall “practical” communication/ broadcasting systems employing 16QAM is far from the Shannon limit as there is a requirement for power back-up to combat non-linear distortions generated by the output of high power amplifiers. In this paper we propose moving from 16QAM to a 12QAM modulation without any change of the hardware and with only minor changes in the mapping algorithm, by eliminating the four constellation points with highest signal energy. However, to ensure that no data is lost and spectral efficiency is preserved, we propose pairing two 12QAM symbols into a 4-dimensional signal with the appropriate mapping, obtaining the desired 2-12QAM modulation. We propose the use of a rate 6/7 forward error correcting (FEC) code combined with the 2-12QAM, which maps 7 binary input digits into 2 twelve-ary symbols which select corresponding signals from the conventional 16QAM modulator. The proposed new modulation format has a spectral efficiency of 3 bits/symbol, the same spectral efficiency as the legacy 16QAM scheme when the 16QAM modulation format is coupled with a rate 3/4 FEC. The removal of the 16QAM highest energy symbols represents a peak energy gain of 2.55 dB and an average energy gain of 1,35 dB which is offset by a 0.58 dB increase in code rate, from 3/4 to 6/7. In addition, the proposed scheme has a clear advantage of employing existing 16QAM modulator/demodulator hardware and maintaining compatibility with the legacy standards, albeit with simple changes in mapping which can be achieved via a software upgrade. We show that the proposed technique allows at least 2dB power gain without sacrificing spectral efficiency or additional hardware complexity.
The Szeg\"o Cubic Equation

We consider the following Hamiltonian equation on the $L^2$ Hardy space on the circle, $$i\partial_tu=\Pi(|u|^2u) ,$$ where $\Pi $ is the Szeg\"o projector. This equation can be seen as a toy model for totally non dispersive evolution equations. We display a Lax pair structure for this equation. We prove that it admits an infinite sequence of conservation laws in involution, and that it can be approximated by a sequence of finite dimensional completely integrable Hamiltonian systems. We establish several instability phenomena illustrating the degeneracy of this completely integrable structure. We also classify the traveling waves for this system.
The first-order genus of a knot

Abstract We introduce a geometric invariant of knots in S3, called the first-order genus, that is derived from certain 2-complexes called gropes, and we show it is computable for many examples. While computing this invariant, we draw some interesting conclusions about the structure of a general Seifert surface for some knots.
A rat model of serous borderline ovarian tumors induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene

Serous borderline ovarian tumors (SBOTs) behave between benign cystadenomas and carcinomas, and the effective detection and clinical management of SBOTs remain clinical challenges. Because it is difficult to isolate and enrich borderline tumor cells, a borderline animal model is in need. 7,12- dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) is capable of inducing the initiation, promotion, and progression of serous ovarian tumors. This study aims to investigate the proper dosage and induction time of DMBA for rat models of SBOTs, and explore their morphological features demonstrated by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and molecular genetic characteristics. Rats were randomly divided into six groups (1 mg/70 D, 2 mg/70 D, 3 mg/70 D, 2 mg/50 D, 2 mg/90 D, and 2 mg/110 D). The 3 mg/70 D group induced the most SBOTs (50.0%, 12/24). The micropapillary projections were shown on MR imaging, which was the characteristic of SBOTs. The Cyclin D1 characterizing an early pathogenetic event strongly expressed in induced serous benign tumors (SBTs). The immunoreactivity staining scores of P53 expression significantly increased from SBTs, SBOTs to serous ovarian carcinomas (SCAs), which elucidate that P53 might be a promising biomarker to grade serous ovarian tumors. Based on morphological and molecular genetic similarities, this rodent SBOT model was suitable for investigating the pathogenesis of serous ovarian tumors and developing an early detection strategy.
The Boltzmann-Grad limit of the periodic Lorentz gas

We study the dynamics of a point particle in a periodic array of spherical scatterers, and construct a stochastic process that governs the time evolution for random initial data in the limit of low scatterer density (Boltzmann-Grad limit). A generic path of the limiting process is a piecewise linear curve whose consecutive segments are generated by a Markov process with memory two.
Compact coplanar waveguide‐fed reconfigurable fractal antenna for switchable multiband systems

In this study, a coplanar waveguide-fed reconfigurable antenna using crescent-shaped fractal geometry is presented. The frequency reconfigurable approach is obtained using radio-frequency positive intrinsic negative diodes, resistor, and inductors. The proposed approach has successfully allowed reconfigurable switching up to eight frequency bands between 1.46 and 6.15 GHz. Good results have been obtained in terms of stable and omnidirectional radiation patterns. The realised gains of the antenna system, in these frequency bands, vary from 0.52 to 5.67 dBi. The designed antenna has the advantages of a multiband structure and compact size over the previously reported structures. The proposed antenna is suitable for future wireless application systems.
Purification and Enzymatic characterization of pp60”‘““” from Human Platelets*

The purification of pp60”‘“‘” has been hampered by the low levels of protein it represents in most cells and its tendency to undergo proteolysis during purification. The discovery that the platelet expresses unusually high levels of pp60c*“‘” has made large-scale purification from a normal source feasible. We have developed a method for the purification of intact ~~60”~“‘” to near homogeneity from human platelets and have determined the enzymatic properties of this purified protein in vitro. Rapid, high yield purification of ~~60”~“‘” from isolated platelet membranes was achieved in a two-step protocol involving sequential chromatography on an anti-pp60)e~“c immunoaffinity matrix and phenyl-Sepharose. This protocol yielded 0.5 mg of ~~60”~‘“” from 30 units of platelets. Using enolase as an exogenous substrate, the specific activity of the enzyme was 25 nmol P. min-” . mg-‘, The ic, for MnATP’for enolase phosphorylation (2.2 jtM) was higher than for the autophosphorylation of pp60”-“‘e (0.6 PM). Maximal enzyme activity required either I%#+ or Mg”‘, and both ATP and GTP could be utilized as the phosphate donor. Evidence is shown which indicate that the autophosphorylation of pp60““” in vitro occurs through an intramolecular mechanism and that this reaction is reversible.
Proanthocyanidin Biosynthesis in Plants PURIFICATION OF LEGUME LEUCOANTHOCYANIDIN REDUCTASE AND MOLECULAR CLONING OF ITS cDNA*□S

Leucoanthocyanidin reductase (LAR) catalyzes the synthesis of catechin, an initiating monomer of condensed tannin or proanthocyanidin (PA) synthesis, from 3,4-cis-leucocyanidin and thus is the first committed step in PA biosynthesis. The enzyme was purified to near homogeneity from PA-rich leaves of the legume Desmodium uncinatum (Jacq.) DC, partially sequenced and the corresponding cDNA cloned. The identity of the enzyme was confirmed by expressing active recombinant LAR in Escherichia coli and in tobacco and white clover. The enzyme is a monomer of 43 kDa (382 amino acids) and is most active synthesizing catechin (specific activity of 10 mol min 1 mg of protein ) but also synthesizes afzelechin and gallocatechin. LAR is most closely related to the isoflavone reductase group of plant enzymes that are part of the Reductase-Epimerase-Dehydrogenase (RED) family of proteins. Unlike all other plant isoflavone reductase homologues that are about 320 amino acids long, LAR has an additional 65amino acid C-terminal extension whose function is not known. Curiously, although Arabidopsis makes PA, there is no obvious LAR orthologue in the Arabidopsis genome. This may be because Arabidopsis seems to produce only an epicatechin, rather than a dual catechin/ epicatechin-based PA similar to many other plants.
A FACILE SYNTHESIS OF PALLADIUM CONTAINING METALLODENDRIMER BASED ON DIAZINE AND ITS APPLICATION AS A CATALYST

Md. Sayedul Islam and Md. Wahab Khan. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh. Manuscript Info Abstract . Manuscript History Received: 20 January 2019 Final Accepted: 22 February 2019 Published: March 2019
Notch 1 in cancer therapy: possible clinical implications and challenges

The Notch family consists of four highly conserved transmembrane receptors, the release of the active intracellular domain requires the enzymatic activity of gamma secretase. Notch is involved in embryonic development and in many physiological processes of normal cells where it regulates growth, apoptosis and differentiation. Notch 1, a member of the Notch family, is implicated in many types of cancer, including breast cancer (especially triple negative breast cancer), leukemias, brain tumors, and many others. Notch 1 is tightly connected to many signaling pathways that are therapeutically involved in tumorigenesis. Together, they impact apoptosis, proliferation, chemosensitivity, immune-response and the population of cancer stem cells. Notch 1 inhibition can be achieved through various and diverse methods, among the most common are the gamma secretase inhibitors which produce a pan-Notch inhibition, or the use of Notch 1 siRNA or Notch 1 monoclonal antibodies (mAb) which produce a more specific blockade. Downregulation of Notch 1 can be used alone or in combination with chemotherapy where a synergistic effect and a decrease in chemoresistance can be achieved. Targeting Notch1 in cancers that harbor high expression levels of Notch 1 offers an addition to therapeutic strategies recruited for managing cancer. Considering available evidence, Notch 1 offers a legitimate target that might be incorporated in future strategies for combating cancer. In this review, the possible clinical applications of Notch 1 inhibition and the obstacles that hinder its clinical application are discussed.
Over-the-Counter Markets, Intermediation, and Monetary PolicyI thank Randall Wright, Dean Corbae, Kenichi Fukushima, Noah Williams, Ananth Seshadri, John Kennan, Martin Schneider, Yu Zhu, and Chao He for suggestions and comments on this and related work. The usual disclaimers apply

During the Great Recession, the Federal Reserve implemented two monetary policies: cutting interest rates and quantitative easing (QE). I develop a model to examine these two policies in a frictional financial environment. In this model, agents sell assets to acquire money when a consumption opportunity arises, which can only be done through over-the-counter (OTC) markets. In equilibrium, when the interest rate is low (not necessarily zero), households who trade in OTC markets achieve their optimal consumption. When the interest rate is high, QE will raise asset prices and lower households’ consumption. The asset price increase indicates a higher liquidity premium, which reflects inefficiency in money reallocation. JEL Classification: E44, E52, E58, G12
Rademacher sums, moonshine and gravity

In 1939 Rademacher derived a conditionally convergent series expression for the elliptic modular invariant, and used this expression- the first Rademacher sum - to verify its modular invariance. By generalizing Rademacher's approach we construct bases for the spaces of automorphic integrals of arbitrary even integer weight, for all groups commensurable with the modular group. We use these Rademacher sums to illuminate various aspects of the structure of the spaces of automorphic integrals, including the actions of Hecke operators. We obtain a new characterization of the discrete groups of monstrous moonshine in terms of Rademacher sums, and we develop connections between Rademacher sums and a family of monstrous Lie algebras recently introduced by Carnahan. Our constructions suggest conjectures relating monstrous moonshine to a distinguished family of chiral three dimensional quantum gravities, and relating monstrous Lie algebras and their Verma modules to the second quantization of this family of chiral three dimensional quantum gravities.