Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Six-Minute Walk Test and Incremental Exercise on Inspiratory Capacity, Ventilatory Constraints, Breathlessness and Exercise Performance in Sedentary Male Smokers without Airway Obstruction

We investigated physiological responses and exercise capacity in sedentary young smokers during sub-maximal and maximal test and its impact on dyspnea and exercise intolerance. Fifty sedentary male smokers and non-smokers (age: 24 ± 1 years., weight: 71 ± 9 kg, height: 177.3 ± 4.8 cm, body mass index: 22.6 ± 2.5 kg/m2) underwent two visits with pulmonary function tests, breathing pattern, and inspiratory capacity measurement at rest and during sub-maximal and maximal exercise. Smokers show reduced exercise capacity during six minutes walk test (6-MWT) with decreased walked distance (p < 0.001) and inspiratory capacity (p < 0.05). During cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET), smokers had higher minute ventilation VE for a given submaximal intensity (p < 0.05) and lower minute ventilation at maximal exercise (p < 0.001). End expiratory lung volume was significantly lower in sedentary smokers at rest (p < 0.05), at ventilatory threshold during exercise (p < 0.05), but not during peak exercise. End inspiratory lung volume was significantly lower in smokers at rest (p < 0.05) and ventilatory threshold (p < 0.05). Cigarette smoking alters lung function during submaximal and maximal exercise. This alteration is manifested by the development of dynamic hyperinflation contributing to exercise capacity limitation.
3D position measurement using square marker for automatic mobile robot control

A mobile robot is an automatic machine that is capable of movement in a given environment. Many techniques of automatic control are proposed. A line tracer is one of the most popular robots. The line tracer goes along a white line on the floor. The authors developed a mobile robot which moves to indicated point automatically. All you have to do is to indicate a goal point. In this paper, we propose an automatic mobile robot system controlled by an invisible marker and remote indication using the augmented reality technology.
Overcoming Energy Efficiency Barriers Through Systems Approach

In this paper we propose a framework which categorizes energy efficiency barriers based on the stage at which the barriers exist. Inspired by systems thinking, the proposed framework has four stages, namely, motivation, capability, implementation and results, as well as a feedback loop. Using a case study, we show that following the four stages will lead to positive feedback for future energy efficiency implementations. The framework highlights the interconnected nature of the barriers and a need for policymakers to address these barriers in a holistic manner. We argue that the overall effectiveness of energy efficiency policies is only as strong as the weakest link in the four-stage framework. This differs from most prior research that addressed barriers in isolation, where a solution is proposed for each of the barriers without considering the relationship between the barriers. Our framework also offers a way to understand the roles and responsibilities of major stakeholders such as governments and energy service companies (ESCOs) in driving energy efficiency. This allows the assessment and identification of weak links in energy efficiency policies.
ASIC implementation of a new and efficient wavelet coding algorithm

The image compression based on discrete wavelet transform has been widely accepted in industry since it shows no block artifacts and provides a better image quality when compressed to low bits per pixel, compared to JPEG. The coefficients generated by discrete wavelet transform are quantized to reduce the number of code bits to represent them. After quantization, lossless coding processes are usually applied to make further reduction. This paper presents a new and efficient lossless variable-length coding algorithm for quantized wavelet coefficients. Proposed algorithm has been implemented in an image compression chip, using 0.5/spl mu/m standard cells. The experimental results show the efficiency and performance of the resulting chip.
Factors Limiting the Range Extension of Corals into High-Latitude Reef Regions

Reef-building corals show a marked decrease in total species richness from the tropics to high latitude regions. Several hypotheses have been proposed to account for this pattern in the context of abiotic and biotic factors, including temperature thresholds, light limitation, aragonite saturation, nutrient or sediment loads, larval dispersal constraints, competition with macro-algae or other invertebrates, and availability of suitable settlement cues or micro-algal symbionts. Surprisingly, there is a paucity of data supporting several of these hypotheses. Given the immense pressures faced by corals in the Anthropocene, it is critical to understand the factors limiting their distribution in order to predict potential range expansions and the role that high latitude reefs can play as refuges from climate change. This review examines these factors and outlines critical research areas to address knowledge gaps in our understanding of light/temperature interactions, coral-Symbiodiniaceae associations, settlement cues, and competition in high latitude reefs.
Inband crosstalk analysis of optical cross-connect architectures

In this paper, inband crosstalk in several important classes of optical cross-connect (OXC) architectures is studied. We derive the expression for the power penalty imposed by crosstalk so that the various OXC architectures can be evaluated in a systematic way. This, in turn, enables us to study the relation between crosstalk and the component requirement.
PERBAIKAN STRUKTUR GAJI DASAR KARYAWAN BERDASARKAN HASIL ANALISA DAN EVALUASI JABATAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan memperbaiki struktur gaji dasar suatu perusahaan berdasarkan hasil analisa dan evaluasi jabatan. Faktor-faktor maupun sub-sub faktor yang membangun suatu jabatan tertentu didapatkan dari hasil analisa jabatan. Dengan menggunakan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), bobot kepentingan dari masing-masing faktor maupun sub faktor dapat ditentukan. Metode Point System digunakan dalam evaluasi jabatan untuk menentukan nilai relatif jabatan dalam struktur gaji dasar. Sistem penggajian PT. GA digunakan sebagai obyek dalam penelitian ini. Kata kunci : analisa jabatan, evaluasi jabatan, Analytical Hierarchy Process, Point System, struktur gaji dasar
Literature Study: The Effect of Abdominal Massage to Reduce Gastric Residual Volume in Critically Ill Patients

Gastrointestinal dysfunction is one of the most common problems experienced by patients in the ICU, such as abdominal distension, constipation, and increased gastric residual volume. Currently, non-pharmacological interventions have been developed to address these problems. Abdominal massage intervention is considered a method that can improve digestive function. The purpose of this literature study was to determine the effect of abdominal massage to reduce the gastric residual volume in critically ill patients. Selected articles were obtained through online databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect. There were seven articles obtained after going through screening and identified for critical review. There were five study randomized controlled trials, three quasi-experimental designs, one study, one group pre-test post-test, and one article one-shot case study. The results of this study found that abdominal massage was effective in reducing gastric residual volume. Mechanism of abdominal massage with stimulation of peristalsis, changes in intra-abdominal pressure, mechanical and reflexive effects on the intestine, thereby shortening the transition time of food in the intestine, increasing bowel movements, and easier flow of food through the digestive tract. So that nurses in the ICU are expected to use abdominal massage as an intervention option at critical times, considering that this intervention can prevent gastrointestinal dysfunction with low risk and is cost-effective.
Comparison of Canola and Soybean Oils on Serum Lipid and Glucose Pro�les and Anthropometric Parameters in Overweight and Obese Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial

No earlier human study compared in�uences of canola and soybean oils on patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Current study aimed to investigate effects of canola and soya oils on blood and anthropometric parameters in overweight and obese Iranian diabetic (II) patients. A total of sixty-six T2D subjects were randomly allocated to three groups. Canola oil (CO; n 23, received 30g canola oil); Soya oil (SO; n 19, received 30g soya oil) and control group (n 24, their usual intake of dietary oils) for 8 weeks. Lipid and glycemic pro�les as well as anthropometric indicators were evaluated before and after the intervention. Repeated-measures ANOVA was used to evaluate time×group interactions for the outcome variables followed by a t test (signi�cance level, p < 0.05). (WC; −4.1 P=0·031) (−3.1 and kg; P=0·048) canola high density lipoprotein in T2D patients. Changes were more considerable in those consumed soybean oil. Canola oil decreased central obesity indices (waist circumference and weight) in T2D patients. Further studies are needed to shed light on this issue. T2D subjects. Consumption of canola oil decreased central obesity indices (WC and weight) in T2D subjects. Given the high prevalence of diabetes and obesity, there is a growing need for further studies about effects of canola and soybean oil instead of other edible oils on patients with T2D and other chronic diseases.
Evaluation of an online tool about the expected course of disease for glioblastoma patients—A qualitative study

Abstract Background Patients with glioblastoma have a short life-expectancy, with median survival rates of 9 to 12 months. Providing information about the expected course of the disease can be complicated. Therefore, an online tool has been developed. The objective of this tool is to better inform patients and proxies, and decrease their uncertainties and improve their quality of life. This study aims to gather experiences of an initial cohort of patient-proxy dyads, to identify if the tool meets the previously mentioned objectives. Methods This is a qualitative study based on thematic analysis. Interviews were conducted with 15 patient-proxy dyads. For these interviews, a combined method of think-aloud sessions and semi-structured interviews were used. Audiotapes of these interviews were transcribed verbatim and thematically analyzed. Results The analysis revealed four major themes, namely, unmet information needs, improvement possibilities, effects of the tool and clinical implementation. Participants indicated that this tool could decrease uncertainties and increase their perceived quality of life. Also, they often mentioned that it could have a positive effect on the efficiency and quality of consultations. Conclusion Participants considered this tool to be useful and effective in decreasing uncertainties for both patients with glioblastoma and their proxies. Moreover, participants brought up that this tool could positively influence the efficiency and quality of consultations. This could lead to more patient participation and empowerment, and could therefore enhance shared decision making and timely advanced care planning.
A review of RESURF technology

RESURF (Reduced Surface Field) technology is one of the most widely-used methods for the design of lateral high-voltage, low on-resistance devices. The technique has allowed the integration of HV devices, ranging from 20 V to 1200 V, with bipolar and MOS transistors. A technical review is given on the technology as developed during the last 20 years. The paper discusses the invention and its application in discrete devices, in Junction-Isolated IC's and SOI, and as Multiple Resurf. It includes an evaluation of topics like breakdown, on-resistance, high-side and high-current effects and reliability.
Theory and measurements of flip-chip interconnects for frequencies up to 100 GHz

A detailed investigation of flip-chip interconnects up to W-band frequencies is presented in this paper. In a coplanar 50-/spl Omega/ environment, different test structures were fabricated and measured to determine the electromagnetic characteristics of flip-chip multichip modules, such as detuning, reflection at the interconnect, and parasitic coupling. Electromagnetic simulation is used to explain the details behind the measured results. Key to high return loss at the interconnect is a small bump-pad area. Applying simple compensation structures, the frequency range of operation can be further extended. It is shown that a return loss beyond 20 dB in the frequency range up to 80 GHz is achievable along with excellent reproducibility. Measurements on detuning and isolation are also presented.
Genomic Insights into the Adaptability of the Spoilage Bacterium Lactobacillus acetotolerans CN247 to the Beer Microenvironment

Abstract A novel beer-spoilage bacterium, Lactobacillus acetotolerans, has frequently been encountered in south China beer breweries, imparting an undesirable and unpalatable “buttery” taste and oily mouthfeel to beer. Understanding the genetic basis of spoilage bacterial adaptability to the beer microenvironment is crucial for the proper control of bacteria such as L. acetotolerans CN247 at an industrial scale. In this study, the complete genome of L. acetotolerans CN247 was sequenced using the PacBio and Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing technologies, and the relationship between genetic and physicochemical properties was analyzed. The genome size of L. acetotolerans CN247 was found to be 1.677 Mb, with a GC content of 37.55%. A total of 1,636 protein-coding genes were predicted, accounting for 88.96% of the genome. The average length of coding sequences was 912 bp. The L. acetotolerans CN247 strain was tolerant to high concentrations of acetic acid (6%) and showed varying degrees of preference for different beer components (i.e., sugars such as maltose, ribose, cellobiose, and mannitol). This strain also had a high tolerance for ethanol (14%) in the beer and was resistant to streptomycin, at a minimum inhibitory concentration of 256 μg/mL. Finally, genes associated with viable but non-culturable (VBNC) bacteria were found in the genome of L. acetotolerans CN247. This is the first study reporting the complete genome sequence of L. acetotolerans as a beer spoilage bacteria. These findings will contribute to the understanding of this bacterium’s life cycle and help in the improvement of industrial contamination prevention practices. Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/03610470.2021. 1997280 .
Interleukin-35 Prevents Development of Autoimmune Diabetes Possibly by Maintaining the Phenotype of Regulatory B Cells

The anti-inflammatory role of regulatory B cells (Breg cells) has been associated with IL-35 based on studies of experimental autoimmune uveitis and encephalitis. The role of Breg cells and IL-35+ Breg cells for type 1 diabetes (T1D) remains to be investigated. We studied PBMCs from T1D subjects and healthy controls (HC) and found lowered proportions of Breg cells and IL-35+ Breg cells in T1D. To elucidate the role of Breg cells, the lymphoid organs of two mouse models of T1D were examined. Lower proportions of Breg cells and IL-35+ Breg cells were found in the animal models of T1D compared with control mice. In addition, the systemic administration of recombinant mouse IL-35 prevented hyperglycemia after multiple low dose streptozotocin (MLDSTZ) injections and increased the proportions of Breg cells and IL-35+ Breg cells. A higher proportion of IFN-γ+ cells among Breg cells were found in the PBMCs of the T1D subjects. In the MLDSTZ mice, IL-35 administration decreased the proportions of IFN-γ+ cells among the Breg cells. Our data illustrate that Breg cells may play an important role in the development of T1D and that IL-35 treatment prevents the development of hyperglycemia by maintaining the phenotype of the Breg cells under an experimental T1D condition.
Molecular analyses in wheat and Aegilops tauschii reveals a new orthologue of the leaf rust resistance gene Lr19 on 7DL chromosome of Ae. tauschii

Leaf rust is one of the most devastating wheat diseases worldwide, to which many resistance genes have been ‎successfully introgressed ‎from wheat wild relatives. Though the Thinopyrum ‎ponticum-derived leaf rust resistance gene Lr19, is widely effective worldwide and previous studies ‎have shown its likely presence in Aegilops tauschii, no ‎thorough investigation has been conducted to confirm this. The present study aimed to ‎examine the presence of Lr19 in Ae. tauschii using a collection of molecular and bioinformatic analysis. Accordingly, the Thatcher line was used as susceptible, and a Thatcher+Lr19 (TcLr19) and Agatha were used as resistant lines. CDHLQ pathotyping coupled with DNA markers genotyping verified the presence of an Lr19 orthologue on Ae. tauschii 7DL (AtLr19). Sequencing of the GB marker products from Ae. tauschii and TcLr19 showed 99% homology in these fragments, confirming phenotyping and genotyping results. Both isolated segments were matched to a putative melatonin biosynthesis gene, namely O-methyltransferase-2 (OMT2) mapped to 7DL, with 100% identity. A hierarchical gene network was reconstructed using all identified putative genes within a genomic region containing 2.5 cM upstream and downstream of the OMT2 gene. Results indicated that several numbers of important biotic stress-responsive genes such as RPM1, RGA2, TRIUR3, BURP12, and myosin-11, were located downstream of melatonin as a master regulator molecule through the OMT2 node. To our knowledge, this is the first report of finding an orthologue for ‎Lr19 in Ae. tauschii, which provides insights into the possible regulatory route of LR19.
Seamless distributed mobility management(dmm) solution in cloud based lte systems

Distributed Mobility Management (DMM) refers to a set of solutions developed to overcome the limitations posed by currently deployed centralized mobility management schemes. DMM offers to operators a more efficient network deployment driven by a distributed placement of core network entities close to the edge (access) of the network. The huge appreciation received by Cloud Computing technologies in latest years pushed mobile network operators to plan the adoption of virtualization in their future network aiming at the possibility to share a common infrastructure among them. Innovative DMM solutions can exploit the natural distribution of users and mobility information within these shared virtualized networks envisioning the support of cross-operator mobility management. This research focuses on the design, implementation and evaluation of three DMM solutions in cloud based LTE systems. A novel architecture has been defined to support DMM by means of redirecting the traffic to the relocated mobility anchor point in order to allow IP address continuity to flows kept active by the UEs upon movement. Traffic redirection occurs in the transport network above the Evolved Packet System (EPS) via encapsulation-free forwarding schemes based on two different technologies: NAT and OpenFlow. Whereas all proposed solutions have been proven to offer seamless mobility management to UEs which handovers trigger the relocation of their distributed mobility anchor points, the results confirmed the inborn versatility and efficiency of the OpenFlow protocol. Furthermore, being migration of virtualized entities and functions a prominent feature of cloud based networks, DMM can be also used to support traffic redirection when a virtualized P-GW entity, running on a virtualization platform, is migrated to another virtualization platform and the ongoing sessions supported by this P-GW need to be maintained. Indeed, solutions like mobility prediction systems have been proven to be required to provide seamless mobility to UEs moving to a location where their virtualized mobility anchor has to be migrated.
An X-Band Broadband High-Efficiency Power Amplifier with Class-J Mode Matching Network

In this paper, a broadband high-efficiency power amplifier (PA) with a Class-J mode matching network is proposed. The output power can be improved by employing a stacked structure, additionally, the Class-J theory provides a superior method to broaden the operating frequency range among X-band with high efficiency. And the output matching network is simplified especially, exploiting the wideband nature of continuous mode Class-J PA. The circuit is fabricated in a 130 nm standard CMOS process. The power added efficiency (PAE) is greater than 20% over the range of 8.1~11.1 GHz and reaches the maximum value of 29.7%, the power gain reaches more than 12 dB over this frequency range. The saturated output power is 20.2 dBm when the input power is 5 dBm.
AR Technology and its Application in Biomedical Engineering

With the development of ubiquitous computing, augmented reality (AR ) technology has become an important research direction. For its Unique properties, it can be used in many engineering areas, especially in biomedical engineering. In this article, we mainly summarized the technical feature and technological superiority of the AR technology, and gave some applications and effectiveness of AR-based biomedical Engineering. This will be helpful for those who are eager to use this brand new technology in medicine.
Dimension fusion: Dimension-level dynamically composable accelerator for convolutional neural networks

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have proven to be promising in various applications such as audio recognition, image classi-ﬁcation, and video understanding. Winograd algorithm helps to reduce the complexity of computation in a convolution but suﬀers from poor compatibility for diﬀerent convolution shapes. This work introduces a dynamic dimension-level fusion architecture based on Winograd for accelerating diﬀerent dimensions of CNNs. We explore this Winograd architecture by designing Dimension Fusion, a dimension-level processing engine that dynamically fuses to match the convolution shape of individual CNN layers. The proposed architecture is the ﬁrst work based on Winograd algorithm to be compatible with all convolution shapes (dimension, stride, and ﬁlter-size) and achieves highest PE eﬃciency up to 1.55x and energy eﬃciency up to 3.3x compared with the state-of-art accelerators.
Assessment of Glycemic Response to Model Breakfasts Varying in Glycemic Index (GI) in 5–7-Year-Old School Children

Reduced Glycemic Index (GI) of breakfast has been linked to improved cognitive performance in both children and adult populations across the morning. However, few studies have profiled the post-prandial glycemic response (PPGR) in younger children. The aim of this study was to assess PPGR to breakfast interventions differing in GI in healthy children aged 5–7 years. Eleven subjects completed an open-label, randomized, cross-over trial, receiving three equicaloric test beverages (260 kcal) consisting of 125 mL semi-skimmed milk and 50 g sugar (either glucose, sucrose, or isomaltulose). On a fourth occasion, the sucrose beverage was delivered as intermittent supply. PPGR was measured over 180 min using Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM). The incremental area under the curve (3h-iAUC) was highest for the glucose beverage, followed by intermittent sucrose (−21%, p = 0.288), sucrose (−27%, p = 0.139), and isomaltulose (−48%, p = 0.018). The isomaltulose beverage induced the smallest Cmax (7.8 mmol/L vs. >9.2 mmol/L for others) and the longest duration with moderate glucose level, between baseline value and 7.8 mmol/L (150 vs. <115 min for others). These results confirm that substituting mid-high GI sugars (e.g., sucrose and glucose) with low GI sugars (e.g., isomaltulose) during breakfast are a viable strategy for sustained energy release and glycemic response during the morning even in younger children.