Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimal Frequency Intensity of Physical Activity to Reduce the Risk of Hypertension in the Korean Population

PURPOSE: Regular physical activity (PA) is an effective lifestyle modification for preventing hypertension. This study aimed to analyze the optimal frequency of PA required to reduce the incidence of hypertension in the Korean population. Most Korean studies have included only small samples and limited age ranges.METHODS: The present study analyzed 16,299,865 participants aged ≥20 years (44.25±12.74 years) from the 2009 to 2012 Korean National Health Insurance Corporation Survey database. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to assess the frequency and intensity of physical activity. Hazard ratios for incident hypertension were analyzed by physical activity participation, age, and sex using multivariable Cox proportional hazard models, with a non-regular physical activity group as reference.RESULTS: A total of 1,322,674 cases of incident hypertension were identified during the mean follow-up period of over 3 years. Hazard ratios for incident hypertension increased with age, with values of 50.4 and 56.1 for men and women in the older age group, respectively. Hazard ratios for incident hypertension were significantly lower in the regular PA group of middle-aged (4%) and older (7%) adults than in the non-regular PA group. The study revealed that moderate-to-vigorous-intensity PA 3-5 times/week was most effective in reducing the risk of incident hypertension in middle-aged and older adults but not in young adults. We observed no additional lowering of incident hypertension risk in the group undergoing moderate-to-vigorous PA at a frequency of 6-7 days/week compared to the 35 days/week group.CONCLUSIONS: We suggest PA at a frequency of 3-5 times/week for the prevention of incident hypertension in Korean adults.
Can we design language education policy and curricula for a motivated learner? Self-Determination Theory and the UK language crisis

ABSTRACT With the UK entering its fourth decade of this crisis with no end in sight, it is timely to ask how current policy directions for language learning beyond the compulsory phase (currently age 14 in all 4 UK nations) align with learners' psychological needs in relation to language learning. After a review of these psychological needs within motivational theory, this article first discusses current foreign languages (FL) policies in all four UK nations (England, Wales, Northern Ireland, Scotland), alongside the current debates around the recently published 2021 Ofsted Curriculum Research Review for languages (OCRR), which is likely to underpin Ofsted's inspections of provision in England. We then critically evaluate a range of research-based measures to boost learner motivation, some of which show promising results. Taking as our theoretical basis the psychological needs of autonomy, relatedness and competence that comprise Self-Determination Theory (SDT), we then analyse FL policy and practices directions in the UK, including those articulated in the OCRR, and conclude that these tend to ignore or misinterpret motivational theory. This is followed by recommendations for FL policy which align both with SDT principles and research evidence. The conclusion critically evaluates opportunities and risks of current UK policy directions.
Drivers' Adaptation to Adaptive Cruise Control: Examination of Automatic and Manual Braking

Drivers may adapt to the automatic braking control feature available on adaptive cruise control (ACC) in ways unintended by design- ers. This study examines drivers' adaptation using a conceptual model of adaptive behavior developed and examined quantitatively using logistic regression techniques. Data for this model come from a field operational test on the use of an advanced collision avoidance system, which integrated forward collision warning and ACC functions. A sample of "closing" events was extracted from a subset of these ACC data. The logistic regression model predicted the drivers' likelihood to intervene (i.e., manually brake) whenever ACC began braking or slowing down the vehicle. The results indicate that several factors influence drivers' response, including the envi- ronment, selected gap setting, speed, and drivers' age. Safety consequences and the design of future ACC systems based on drivers' adaptation to these factors are discussed.
Vantagens competitivas na oferta de cursos EaD em universitárias comunitárias

O estudo tem como objetivo identificar fontes de vantagem competitiva na oferta de cursos EaD em universidades comunitárias. Quanto ao delineamento de pesquisa, o presente estudo caracteriza-se como descritivo quanto aos objetivos, estudo de casos múltiplos quanto aos procedimentos e quanto a abordagem, caracteriza-se como qualitativa. O estudo foi realizado em duas organizações universitárias comunitárias situadas no Sul do Brasil. Como resultados foi possível constatar os recursos necessários para viabilizar a oferta de cursos EaD, nos dois casos estudados, são a necessidade de mobilizar recursos tecnológicos, humanos e financeiros. Embora, não tenha sido constatado recursos suficientes para a geração de vantagem competitiva sustentável, a adoção da estratégia em si trouxe benefícios para as universidades pesquisadas, como apropriação das tecnologias utilizadas no EaD e a expansão da universidade. Porém, no que tange a capacidade de criar valor e gerar vantagem competitiva, nos casos estudados, observa-se certa dificuldade, principalmente em desenvolver diferenciais específicos para os cursos EaD que sejam valiosas para os alunos e gerem vantagem competitiva sustentável para as universidades.
The Association among CEO Overconfidence, Ownership Structure and Financial Performance

This paper explores the relationship among ownership type, managerial overconfidence, and corporate performance. In addition, the purposes of this research are to examine the structure of ownership and CEO overconfidence of family businesses and investigates whether it influences the performance. This study uses a panel estimation to exploit both the cross-section and time–series nature of the data; our sample includes firms listed on Taiwan’s stock market during the period of 2009 to 2018, totally 6,612. These results show that (1) financial performance of family business is worse than that of non-family business. It means that family interests of family business are higher than those of company which lead to exploited; (2) CEO overconfidence of family business is lower than that of non-family business. Family supervision and control can lead to family business managers who depress his (her) own overconfident tendency; (3) the overconfident CEO has poor impact on corporate performance. This means that manager’s overconfident expectations will damage company’s benefits; and (4) after the overconfident CEO joins family business, corporate performance will be increased. It means overconfident manager can compensate for family’s conservativeness and lead to increased corporate performance.
Implementation of artificial intelligence in upper gastrointestinal endoscopy

Abstract The application of artificial intelligence (AI) using deep learning has significantly expanded in the field of esophagogastric endoscopy. Recent studies have shown promising results in detecting and differentiating early gastric cancer using AI tools built using white light, magnified, or image‐enhanced endoscopic images. Some studies have reported the use of AI tools to predict the depth of early gastric cancer based on endoscopic images. Similarly, studies based on using AI for detecting early esophageal cancer have also been reported, with an accuracy comparable to that of endoscopy specialists. Moreover, an AI system, developed to diagnose pharyngeal cancer, has shown promising performance with high sensitivity. These reports suggest that, if introduced for regular use in clinical settings, AI systems can significantly reduce the burden on physicians. This review summarizes the current status of AI applications in the upper gastrointestinal tract and presents directions for clinical practice implementation and future research.
Contributions of Artificial Intelligence Reported in Obstetrics and Gynecology Journals: Systematic Review

Background The applications of artificial intelligence (AI) processes have grown significantly in all medical disciplines during the last decades. Two main types of AI have been applied in medicine: symbolic AI (eg, knowledge base and ontologies) and nonsymbolic AI (eg, machine learning and artificial neural networks). Consequently, AI has also been applied across most obstetrics and gynecology (OB/GYN) domains, including general obstetrics, gynecology surgery, fetal ultrasound, and assisted reproductive medicine, among others. Objective The aim of this study was to provide a systematic review to establish the actual contributions of AI reported in OB/GYN discipline journals. Methods The PubMed database was searched for citations indexed with “artificial intelligence” and at least one of the following medical subject heading (MeSH) terms between January 1, 2000, and April 30, 2020: “obstetrics”; “gynecology”; “reproductive techniques, assisted”; or “pregnancy. ” All publications in OB/GYN core disciplines journals were considered. The selection of journals was based on disciplines defined in Web of Science. The publications were excluded if no AI process was used in the study. Review, editorial, and commentary articles were also excluded. The study analysis comprised (1) classification of publications into OB/GYN domains, (2) description of AI methods, (3) description of AI algorithms, (4) description of data sets, (5) description of AI contributions, and (6) description of the validation of the AI process. Results The PubMed search retrieved 579 citations and 66 publications met the selection criteria. All OB/GYN subdomains were covered: obstetrics (41%, 27/66), gynecology (3%, 2/66), assisted reproductive medicine (33%, 22/66), early pregnancy (2%, 1/66), and fetal medicine (21%, 14/66). Both machine learning methods (39/66) and knowledge base methods (25/66) were represented. Machine learning used imaging, numerical, and clinical data sets. Knowledge base methods used mostly omics data sets. The actual contributions of AI were method/algorithm development (53%, 35/66), hypothesis generation (42%, 28/66), or software development (3%, 2/66). Validation was performed on one data set (86%, 57/66) and no external validation was reported. We observed a general rising trend in publications related to AI in OB/GYN over the last two decades. Most of these publications (82%, 54/66) remain out of the scope of the usual OB/GYN journals. Conclusions In OB/GYN discipline journals, mostly preliminary work (eg, proof-of-concept algorithm or method) in AI applied to this discipline is reported and clinical validation remains an unmet prerequisite. Improvement driven by new AI research guidelines is expected. However, these guidelines are covering only a part of AI approaches (nonsymbolic) reported in this review; hence, updates need to be considered.
Hydroxy Selenomethionine Alleviates Hepatic Lipid Metabolism Disorder of Pigs Induced by Dietary Oxidative Stress via Relieving the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress

This study used 40 castrated male pigs to determine the protective effects of a new selenium molecule (hydroxy selenomethionine, OH-SeMet) on dietary oxidative stress (DOS) induced hepatic lipid metabolism disorder, and corresponding response of selenotranscriptome. The pigs were randomly grouped into 5 dietary treatments and fed a basal diet formulated with either normal corn and oils or oxidized diet in which the normal corn and oils were replaced by aged corn and oxidized oils, and supplemented with OH-SeMet at 0.0, 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9 mg Se/kg for a period of 16 weeks (n = 8). The results showed that DOS induced liver damage, increased serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels, decreased serum triacylglycerol (TG) level, suppressed antioxidant capacity in the liver, and changed lipid metabolism enzyme activity, thus causing lipid metabolism disorder in the liver. The DOS-induced lipid metabolism disorder was accompanied with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, changes in lipid metabolism-related genes and selenotranscriptome in the liver. Dietary Se supplementation partially alleviated the negative impact of DOS on the lipid metabolism. These improvements were accompanied by increases in Se concentration, liver index, anti-oxidative capacity, selenotranscriptome especially 11 selenoprotein-encoding genes, and protein abundance of GPX1, GPX4 and SelS in the liver, as well as the decrease in SelF abundance. The Se supplementation also alleviated ER stress, restored liver lipid metabolism enzyme activity, increased the mRNA expression of lipid synthesis-related genes, and decreased the mRNA levels of lipidolysis-related genes. In conclusion, the dietary Se supplementation restored antioxidant capacity and mitigated ER stress induced by DOS, thus resisting hepatic lipid metabolism disorders that are associated with regulation of selenotranscriptome.
Identification, Quantification and Correlation of Hydrogen Peroxide Present in Saliva to Early Childhood Caries: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Abstract Aim The main objective of the present study was to estimate the production of hydrogen peroxide present in saliva and correlate it to early childhood caries using high-performance liquid chromatography [HPLC] method. Design The study was conducted on children aged 3-6 years with a sample size of 20 who had decayed, missing, or filled teeth in accordance to WHO pro forma and were divided into two groups: Study group: Caries active [CA][n = 10] and Control group caries free [CF] [n = 10]. The whole saliva was collected into the vials with a buffer solution and was stored in cold storage. HPLC was done to estimate, detect, and correlate the amount of production of H2O2 in CA and CF groups. To compare age and gender distribution among two groups, Independent student “t“ test was used. To compare the mean production of H2O2 levels between two study groups with a significance of p > 0.05 was done using Mann-Whitney U test. Spearman's correlation was done between caries and H2O2. Results Comparison of mean H2O2 levels [in ppm] between groups was statistically significant at p = 0.03, which showed as age increases H2O2 production also increases. Age-wise estimation of H2O2 obtained a statistically significant result [p = 0.04]. However, gender-wise comparison of mean H2O2 levels [in ppm] in both the groups showed no difference. Conclusion Findings in our study strongly suggested that H2O2 levels are more in children without any caries experience. H2O2 production is the same among males and females but according to age, H2O2 production increases as the child grows with age. How to cite this article Thimmegowda U, Belagatta V, Krishnamurthy NH, et al. Identification, Quantification and Correlation of Hydrogen Peroxide Present in Saliva to Early Childhood Caries: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022;15(S-2):S140-S146.
Massive prolapsed cervical lumps in cervical cancer treated with three-dimensional implant brachytherapy: a case report

Background Cervical cancer is one of the most common gynecological malignancies in developing countries. But the cervical cancer patients with tumor prolapse are very rare. The treatment principle of cervical cancer has been written into the guide, while the management of cervical lumps prolapse associated with cervical cancer is not standardized. Every doctor has different opinions on treatment strategies. Herein, we describe the three-dimensional brachytherapy treatment for massive prolapsed cervical lumps. Case Description A 48-year-old woman diagnosed with cervical cancer developed a huge cervical mass prolapsed after defecation on the second day of chemotherapy. The mass surface was continuously bleeding and unable to return to the vagina. Therefore, uterine artery embolization interventional hemostasis was performed and then three-dimensional brachytherapy treatment was applied. The mass was necrotic and shedding and then retracted into the vagina on the 7th day after implantation treatment. Finally, the patient successfully received radical radiotherapy [pelvic and abdominal cavity external beam radiotherapy-PCTV 50.4 Gy/28 F, pelvic metastatic lymph nodes PGTVn 61.0 Gy/28 F, plus vaginal three-dimensional brachytherapy-HRCTV (D90) 27.25 Gy/4 F]. Conclusions If cervical cancer combined with tumor prolapse is inoperable, three-dimensional implants brachytherapy seems to be an adequate therapeutic option.
Ceftazidime-avibactam plus metronidazole vs. meropenem in complicated intra-abdominal infections: Indian subset from RECLAIM.

INTRODUCTION This study analyzes the safety and efficacy results of the Indian population subset from the RECLAIM trial investigating the non-inferiority of Ceftazidime-Avibactam (CAZ-AVI) plus metronidazole to meropenem and interprets its relevance. METHODOLOGY The study design, subjects inclusion criteria, dosage, safety and efficacy evaluations in Indian patients have been followed as per the RECLAIM trial protocol. RESULTS A total of 142 Indian patients with complicated intra-abdominal infection were enrolled across eight centers in India, 125 of them were randomized to either CAZ-AVI + metronidazole (n = 62) or meropenem (n = 63) group. the clinical cure rates in modified intention-to-treat (MITT; all randomized patients who met minimum disease requirements and received any amount of study drug) and clinically evaluable (CE , patients who had an evaluable assessment and no protocol deviations) analysis sets, was numerically comparable to the results of overall population for CAZ-AVI + metronidazole [MITT: 82.5% (Overall, n = 429/520) versus 89.3% (Indian, n = 50/56); CE: 91.7% (Overall, n = 376/410) versus 97.8% (Indian, n = 45/46)] and meropenem [MITT: 84.9% (Overall, n = 444/523) versus 84.7% (Indian, n = 50/59); CE: 92.5% (Overall, n = 385/416) versus 95.5% (Indian, n = 42/44)]. No new safety findings were reported in the Indian population. CONCLUSIONS CAZ-AVI + metronidazole proved to be an effective option for critical patients with complicated intra-abdominal infection and can be considered as an alternative to carbapenems in the ICU setting for the treatment of resistant pathogens.
Online Participatory Research: Lessons for Good Practice and Inclusivity With Marginalized Young People

This research project case focuses on the use of multiple participatory research platforms to explore the experience of multiplicity within young adult populations. Multiplicity refers to the experience of having more than one person within a single body. The issues and approaches discussed are relevant across a range of participant populations who may find less frequently used participatory methods more accessible. The case study outlines the transferable learnings from one study, including the use of an online consultation model and social media platforms, as well as the researcher’s reflections on the respective strengths and limitations. The importance of using appropriate methodologies when researching traditionally underrepresented groups is also examined, with specific examples used. The process of developing a positive, inclusive project that draws on the expertise of the participants is outlined.
Natural Hydrogel-Based Bio-Inks for 3D Bioprinting in Tissue Engineering: A Review

Three-dimensional (3D) printing is well acknowledged to constitute an important technology in tissue engineering, largely due to the increasing global demand for organ replacement and tissue regeneration. In 3D bioprinting, which is a step ahead of 3D biomaterial printing, the ink employed is impregnated with cells, without compromising ink printability. This allows for immediate scaffold cellularization and generation of complex structures. The use of cell-laden inks or bio-inks provides the opportunity for enhanced cell differentiation for organ fabrication and regeneration. Recognizing the importance of such bio-inks, the current study comprehensively explores the state of the art of the utilization of bio-inks based on natural polymers (biopolymers), such as cellulose, agarose, alginate, decellularized matrix, in 3D bioprinting. Discussions regarding progress in bioprinting, techniques and approaches employed in the bioprinting of natural polymers, and limitations and prospects concerning future trends in human-scale tissue and organ fabrication are also presented.
Introduction of an Emergency Response Plan for flood loading of Sultan Abu Bakar Dam in Malaysia

Sultan Abu Bakar Dam Emergency Response Plan (ERP) is designed to assist employees for identifying, monitoring, responding and mitigation dam safety emergencies. This paper is outlined to identification of an organization chart, responsibility for emergency management team and triggering level in Sultan Abu Bakar Dam ERP. ERP is a plan that guides responsibilities for proper operation of Sultan Abu Bakar Dam in respond to emergency incidents affecting the dam. Based on this study four major responsibilities are needed for Abu Bakar Dam owing to protect any probable risk for downstream which they can be Incident Commander, Deputy Incident Commander, On-Scene Commander, Civil Engineer. In conclusion, having organization charts based on ERP studies can be helpful for decreasing the probable risks in any projects such as Abu Bakar Dam and it is a way to identify and suspected and actual dam safety emergencies.
Genetic Connection between Hyperglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Hyperlipidemic Mice

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a major risk for atherosclerosis and its complications. Apoe-null (Apoe−/−) mouse strains exhibit a wide range of variations in susceptibility to T2D and carotid atherosclerosis, with the latter being a major cause of ischemic stroke. To identify genetic connections between T2D and carotid atherosclerosis, 145 male F2 mice were generated from LP/J and BALB/cJ Apoe−/− mice and fed 12 weeks of a Western diet. Atherosclerotic lesions in the carotid arteries, fasting, and non-fasting plasma glucose levels were measured, and genotyping was performed using miniMUGA arrays. Two significant QTL (quantitative trait loci) on chromosomes (Chr) 6 and 15 were identified for carotid lesions. The Chr15 QTL coincided precisely with QTL Bglu20 for fasting and non-fasting glucose levels. Carotid lesion sizes showed a trend toward correlation with fasting and non-fasting glucose levels in F2 mice. The Chr15 QTL for carotid lesions was suppressed after excluding the influence from fasting or non-fasting glucose. Likely candidate genes for the causal association were Tnfrsf11b, Deptor, and Gsdmc2. These results demonstrate a causative role for hyperglycemia in the development of carotid atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic mice.