Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Origin of fluvial grain-size trends in a foreland basin; the Pocono Formation on the central Appalachian Basin

ABSTRACT A widely recognized phenomenon of modern and ancient river systems is downstream decrease in grain size. Over the past two decades, theoretical formulations, observations of modern rivers, flume studies, and numerical models have significantly increased our understanding of sediment transport in mixed-grain-size river systems. These have established that downstream fining in modern and ancient rivers can be attributed to a combination of selective sorting, abrasion rate, and accumulation rate. However, no detailed multiple-grain-size sediment transport model has been used to address how much subsidence rate, sediment flux, water discharge, hydraulic geometry, and the mechanics of sediment transport influence grain-size distribution and facies belt development in ancient fluvial systems. We have combined the results of recent empirical and theoretical studies with a multiple-grain-size sediment transport model (MIDAS) to test the sensitivity of downstream fining trends to those controlling mechanisms. Our results demonstrate that subsidence and sediment feed rate are the most important mechanisms controlling downstream fining trends in a foreland basin if the evolution of hydraulic geometry is known. To illustrate the application of this result, we have replicated the textural trends of the Mississippian upper Pocono Formation and Burgoon Sandstone of Pennsylvania. This methodology can be applied to constrain plausible values of accumulation and subsidence rate for ancient alluvial deposits and enhances our ability to interpret paleohydraulic conditions from such facies in a foreland basin.
Pollutant migration from two sanitary landfill sites near Sarnia, Ontario

Contamination profiles below two youthful landfills founded on thick silty clay deposits near Sarnia, Ontario were obtained by squeezing pore water from Shelby tube samples and analyzing this water by absorption flame photometry for Ca++, Mg++, Na+, and K+. Pollution fronts were observed below both sites, the contaminant cation concentrations attenuating with distance to normal background values.The older landfill was about 7 years old, was founded at 5.6 m depth below the weathered crust on intact silty clays, and was characterized by a downward flow gradient from the base of the fill. Pollution (cation) migration had proceeded downwards for a distance of 30 cm compared to the calculated maximum possible advance of the seepage front of only 4 cm.The younger landfill was about 2.5 years old, was founded at 2.3 m depth within the crust on weathered and fissured soils, and was characterized by upward flow into the landfill due to heavy loads created by the large mound of waste. Pollution migration had proce.
Influence of ionospheric electron density fluctuations on satellite radar interferometry

Evidence is presented that auroral zone ionospheric disturbances can influence satellite radar interferometry (SRI) obtained with the RADARSAT, ERS and JERS‐1 satellites. Fluctuations in ionospheric electron density can lead to an azimuth shift modulation in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery, which can be detected using SRI. Measurements of azimuth shift in SRI can help to differentiate ionospheric from tropospheric propagation problems, and to understand better the impact of the ionosphere on spaceborne SAR. Further, SRI azimuth shift modulation may be useful in mapping patterns of polar auroral zone ionospheric disturbances over large distances.
Protracted Outbreak of Salmonella Newport Infections Linked to Ground Beef: Possible Role of Dairy Cows — 21 States, 2016–2017

In January 2017, CDC identified a cluster of Salmonella enterica serotype Newport infections with isolates sharing an indistinguishable pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) pattern, JJPX01.0010 (pattern 10), through PulseNet, the national molecular subtyping network for foodborne disease surveillance. This report summarizes the investigation by CDC, state and local health and agriculture departments, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Food Safety and Inspection Service (USDA-FSIS) and discusses the possible role of dairy cows as a reservoir for strains of Salmonella that persistently cause human illness. This investigation combined epidemiologic and whole genome sequencing (WGS) data to link the outbreak to contaminated ground beef; dairy cows were hypothesized to be the ultimate source of Salmonella contamination.
Etude par microscopie à force atomique en mode non contact et microscopie à sonde de Kelvin, de matériaux modèles pour le photovoltaïque organique

La nanostructure et les proprietes electroniques de materiaux modeles pour le photovoltaique organique, ont ete etudiees en utilisant la Microscopie a Force Atomique en mode non contact sous ultra-vide (NC-AFM) et la Microscopie a sonde de Kelvin (KPFM). En utilisant le mode modulation d'amplitude (AM-KPFM), le potentiel de surface photo- genere dans des melanges donneur-accepteur presentant une segregation de phase optimale a pu etre visualise a l'echelle du nanometre. Afin de preciser la nature des forces mises en jeu dans le processus d'imagerie KPFM, des oligomeres π-conjugues auto-assembles ont ensuite ete etudies. Une transition entre regimes a longue et a courte portee a ainsi ete mise en evidence en combinant l'imagerie en haute resolution aux mesures de spectroscopie en distance. Ces mesures ont egalement demontre que l'influence des forces electrostatiques a courte portee peut etre minimisee en travaillant au seuil du contraste de dissipation. Enfin cette procedure a ete utilisee, en combinaison avec les mesures de spectroscopie de photoelectrons UV, pour analyser la fonction de sortie locale d'electrodes transparentes a base de nanotubes de carbone fonctionnalises.
DADP: the database of anuran defense peptides

SUMMARY Anuran tissues, and especially skin, are a rich source of bioactive peptides and their precursors. We here present a manually curated database of antimicrobial and other defense peptides with a total of 2571 entries, most of them in the precursor form with demarcated signal peptide (SP), acidic proregion(s) and bioactive moiety(s) corresponding to 1923 non-identical bioactive sequences. Search functions on the corresponding web server facilitate the extraction of six distinct SP classes. The more conserved of these can be used for searching cDNA and UniProtKB databases for potential bioactive peptides, for creating PROSITE search patterns, and for phylogenetic analysis.
HMGA1 participates in MHCC97H cell proliferation and invasion through the ILK/Akt/GSK3β signaling pathway

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the major causes of cancer-related mortality, and the prognosis of HCC patients is unsatisfactory. It is known that the occurrence and development of HCC involves numerous genes, as well as various steps and stages in the pathological process. High mobility group AT-hook 1 (HMGA1) and integrin-linked kinase (ILK) may be overexpressed in HCC and may serve important roles in the development of cancer; however, the relationship between HMGA1 and ILK in HCC has not been examined. The present study demonstrated that inhibition of HMGA1 expression significantly decreased the levels of expression of ILK and the downstream elements phosphorylated (p)-Akt, p-glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)2, MMP9, CyclinD1 and c-Myc. Transfection with an ILK expression vector was able to recover the decreased expression of these downstream genes, and affected cell proliferation and apoptosis. In addition, results from Transwell and wound-healing experiments indicated that HMGA1 participates cell invasion and migration through the ILK/Akt/GSK3β pathway. The present study aimed to improve our understanding about the regulatory pathway involved in HCC and provides the basis for exploring HMGA1 inhibition as a therapy for patients with HCC and a new treatment strategy to prevent the development of HCC.
Inflammation and Nutritional Science for Programs/Policies and Interpretation of Research Evidence (INSPIRE)

An increasing recognition has emerged of the complexities of the global health agenda—specifically, the collision of infections and noncommunicable diseases and the dual burden of over- and undernutrition. Of particular practical concern are both 1) the need for a better understanding of the bidirectional relations between nutritional status and the development and function of the immune and inflammatory response and 2) the specific impact of the inflammatory response on the selection, use, and interpretation of nutrient biomarkers. The goal of the Inflammation and Nutritional Science for Programs/Policies and Interpretation of Research Evidence (INSPIRE) is to provide guidance for those users represented by the global food and nutrition enterprise. These include researchers (bench and clinical), clinicians providing care/treatment, those developing and evaluating programs/interventions at scale, and those responsible for generating evidence-based policy. The INSPIRE process included convening 5 thematic working groups (WGs) charged with developing summary reports around the following issues: 1) basic overview of the interactions between nutrition, immune function, and the inflammatory response; 2) examination of the evidence regarding the impact of nutrition on immune function and inflammation; 3) evaluation of the impact of inflammation and clinical conditions (acute and chronic) on nutrition; 4) examination of existing and potential new approaches to account for the impact of inflammation on biomarker interpretation and use; and 5) the presentation of new approaches to the study of these relations. Each WG was tasked with synthesizing a summary of the evidence for each of these topics and delineating the remaining gaps in our knowledge. This review consists of a summary of the INSPIRE workshop and the WG deliberations.
Indian Medicinal Mushrooms as a Source of Antioxidant and Antitumor Agents

Medicinal mushrooms occurring in South India namely Ganoderma lucidum, Phellinus rimosus, Pleurotus florida and Pleurotus pulmonaris possessed profound antioxidant and antitumor activities. This indicated that these mushrooms would be valuable sources of antioxidant and antitumor compounds. Investigations also revealed that they had significant antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic activities. Thus, Indian medicinal mushrooms are potential sources of antioxidant and anticancer compounds. However, intensive and extensive investigations are needed to exploit their valuable therapeutic use.
2034 Stroke July 2015 guideline is generally concerned with adults , with issues of hemorrhagic stroke in children and neonates covered in a separate American Heart Association scientific statement on “ Management of Stroke in Infants and Children

Purpose—The aim of this guideline is to present current and comprehensive recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. Methods—A formal literature search of PubMed was performed through the end of August 2013. The writing committee met by teleconference to discuss narrative text and recommendations. Recommendations follow the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association methods of classifying the level of certainty of the treatment effect and the class of evidence. Prerelease review of the draft guideline was performed by 6 expert peer reviewers and by the members of the Stroke Council Scientific Oversight Committee and Stroke Council Leadership Committee. Results—Evidence-based guidelines are presented for the care of patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage. Topics focused on diagnosis, management of coagulopathy and blood pressure, prevention and control of secondary brain injury and intracranial pressure, the role of surgery, outcome prediction, rehabilitation, secondary prevention, and future considerations. Results of new phase 3 trials were incorporated. Conclusions—Intracerebral hemorrhage remains a serious condition for which early aggressive care is warranted. These guidelines provide a framework for goal-directed treatment of the patient with intracerebral hemorrhage. (Stroke. 2015;46:2032-2060. DOI: 10.1161/STR.0000000000000069.)
Comment on: Bosi et al. Intensive Structured Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose and Glycemic Control in Noninsulin-Treated Type 2 Diabetes: The PRISMA Randomized Trial. Diabetes Care 2013;36:2887–2894

With interest we read the article of Bosi et al. (1) regarding the effects of structured self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) in noninsulin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes. Malanda et al. (2) and Polonsky and Fisher (3) have quite strikingly discussed the pros and cons of SMBG in this patient group. Malanda et al. argued that, in general, SMBG does not have any (relevant) effect on glycemic control, no value in detection of hypoglycemia, no effect on quality of life, …
Análisis de los esfuerzos tectónicos de la crisis sísmica de 2010 en Haití Tectonic stress analysis of the 2010 Haiti seismic crisis

The M w =7 event of the January 12th, 2010 triggered a seismic crisis in the southern Haiti that continued for 3 months. The epicenter was located in an E-W oriented transpressive plate boundary where E-W trending left-lat eral strike-slip and NW-SE trending compressive structures coexist (i.e., strain partitioning). We carried out the stress inversion analysis over the focal mech anisms of the main event and 50 aftershocks. The main event was generated by a N084Eo 64o N-dipping fault with both a main left-lateral slip component and a reverse component. The aftershocks have been generated by ENEWSW pure reverse faults located in the area of interaction between the NWSE compressive structures and E-W strike-slip structures. These aftershocks have been activated by a very homogeneous uniaxial compressive stress regime with a σ 1 horizontal trending 017o±10o. The absence of surface rup ture indicates that the sources of the aftershocks are blind thrusts oriented 097o-117o. The interseismic surface convergence, derived from GPS veloci ties, shows an angular deviation of ≈30° related to the orientation of σ 1 derived from the stress inversion analysis. This deviation strongly suggests that a significant part of the elastic energy accumulated along the E-W trend ing structures was not released during seismic crisis of 2010.
Double seismic zone in the North Mariana region revealed by long-term ocean bottom array observation

SUMMARY A long-term seismic array observation was conducted around the North Mariana island arc using 10 long-term ocean bottom seismometer (LTOBS), which gathered data for one year starting in 2001 October. The purpose of the observation was to research the deep seismic activity and the structure of the Mariana subduction system. By using data from nine of the LTOBS, which covered about 11 months of elapsed time, more than 3000 local events were found through the hypocentre determination with a one-dimensional velocity model. Only 59 of these events were listed in the same period on the US National Earthquake Information Centre’s Preliminary Determination of Epicentres (PDE) publication. The hypocentres with small determination errors clearly show a double seismic zone (DSZ) reaching 150km in depth with two seismic planes separated by about 30km. The extension of the DSZ’s seismic activityremainshighuntiladepthofabout 270km.Inthebackarc basin,someshallowseismic activitieswerefoundaslinearfociaroundthecurrentridgeaxis.Highseismicactivitywasalso recorded to the north and the west of a large serpentine seamount in the forearc. In addition, a zone almost devoid of earthquakes exists in the upper plane of the DSZ with the low velocity of the P phase (VP) region modelled by an inversion. This region looks like a narrow channel running east to west. A shear wave splitting study of the area indicates a change of splitting direction near the southern edge of this channel. A result of a gravity study also shows negative gravity anomalies in the same area. This region could be a serpentinized forearc mantle with watersuppliedtoitfromaseamountthatwasinthepastcarrieddownwardswiththesubducting
Antarctic bottom water flow through the Vema fracture zone

During the October-November 1977 R/V Jean Charcot cruise, bathymetric and hydrological surveys of the Eastern Vema Fracture Zone were carried out in order to moor current meters on the silliocated in the area, with the aim of evaluating the bottom water flow through this passage in the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The sill zone in fact comprises a succession of three secondary sills situated between 40052'W and 41°02'W at about 10048'N, at depths ranging from 4600 to 4700 m. Westward of the sills, there is a thick (750-950 m) bottom water layer of Antarctic origin. The potential temperature found at the bottom is 1. 30°C. In the sill zone, the homogeneous layer is thinner and has a potential temperature of 1.40°C. Eastward of the sills, the homogeneous layer is 1000 m thick, with e -' 1. 51°C. Five current meter moorings were deployed in this bottom layer: one was placed directly on the sills, one slightly to the east, two slightly to the west and the fIfth 200 km further west. Current speeds increase from west to east. Mean speeds range from -' 3 cm/sec. at the western moorings to -' 9 cm/sec. on the sills, reaching 25 cm/sec. at the eastern mooring, where the maximum speed was found to be 42 cm/sec. On and eastward of the sills, the current direction fluctuates slightly between east and north-east. These results confIrm the eastward flow of Antarctic bottom water with a strong intensifIcation above the sills.
KRANNERT GRADUATE SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT

We address two important themes associated with institutions’ trading in foreign markets: (1) the choice of trading venues (between a company’s listing in its home market and that in the U.S. as an ADR); and (2) the comparison of trading costs across the two venues. To do so, we identify institutional trading in the United States in non-U.S. stocks (i.e., ADRs) from 35 foreign countries and in their respective home markets, using proprietary institutional trading data. We find that for stocks traded as both ADRs and in their respective local exchanges, the distribution of institutional decisions in the ADR markets is higher for stocks with the deeper ADR market, for less complex decisions, for stocks with lower price impact in ADR market or overlapping trading hours, and for emerging market stocks. We also use a multinomial logistic model to examine the factors that influence institutions’ decision to trade a cross-listed stock solely in the ADR market versus solely in its home exchange. We conclude that, relative to stocks that are traded by institutions in both venues, stocks with relatively higher local volume, with nonoverlapping trading hours, and with smaller market capitalization are more likely to be traded in their home exchanges only while less complex decision are more likely to be executed as ADRs only. We also find that, in terms of the overall trading cost (implicit plus explicit), the trading cost of ADRs is often higher than that of the equivalent security at home. Our multivariate analysis on institutional trading costs reveals that the cost difference between trading in the security’s home country and its respective ADR is smaller for stocks associated with less complex trades; for stocks with relatively lower local trading volume; for stocks with overlapping trading hours; and for stocks originating from the emerging markets.
Modeling Velocity Recordings of the Mw 6.0 South Napa, California, Earthquake: Unilateral Event with Weak High-Frequency Directivity

On 24 August 2014, an Mw 6.0 earthquake struck the Napa area in the north San Francisco Bay region, causing one fatality and damaging many older buildings in the Napa area. First, I employ low‐frequency data (0.05–0.5 Hz) from 10 near‐fault strong‐motion stations to perform slip inversion, revealing (in agreement with other studies) rupture propagating up‐dip and unilaterally along the fault with a dominant shallow asperity. Then I generate broadband synthetics (0.05–5 Hz) using an advanced Ruiz integral kinematic (RIK) source model (Ruiz et al., 2011) and a 1D velocity model. The RIK model is composed of randomly distributed overlapping subsources with a fractal number–size distribution. The particular distribution of the RIK subsources is constrained by the low‐resolution slip model from the inversion. Besides providing stable omega‐squared spectral decay at high frequencies, the RIK model is able to reproduce the frequency‐dependent directivity effect with adjustable strength. Comparison of the synthetic velocity waveforms with the observed data shows that the smallest modeling bias and variance is achieved by a rupture model with complex rupture propagation and thus weak high‐frequency directivity. I link my findings with other studies, including analog experiments by Day et al. (2008), suggesting that this feature is rather common to earthquake sources.
The Resource Description Framework (RDF) as a Modern Structure for Medical Data

— The amount and heterogeneity of data in biomedical research, notably in interdisciplinary fields, requires new methods for the collection, presentation and analysis of information. Important data from laboratory experiments as well as patient trials are available but come out of distributed resources. The Charité - University Hospital Berlin has established together with the German Research Foundation (DFG) a new information service centre for kidney diseases and transplantation (Open European Nephrology Science Centre - OpEN.SC). Beside a collaborative aspect to create new research groups every single partner or institution of this science information centre making his own data available is allowed to search the whole data pool of the various involved centres. A core task is the implementation of a non-restricting open data structure for the various different data sources. We decided to use a modern RDF model and in a first phase transformed original data coming from the web-based Electronic Patient Record database TBase© .
The Rogun Complex: Public Roles and Historic Experiences of Dam-Building in Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan

This paper describes the building of Rogun hydropower station and how Soviet and post-soviet governments have conveyed its benefits to different audiences. Tracing public discussions from the late Soviet period, the authors used archives, ethnographic and interview methods to investigate how citizens are affected ideologically, economically and politically by the project. The Rogun project is compared to dam-building processes in the Kyrgyz Republic. Authors argue that the Soviet roots of the projects, and seemingly the outcomes are similar in the two countries, despite different political processes and public levels of discussion and dissent in each country.