Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Salinity: Electrical conductivity and total dissolved solids

The measurement of soil salinity is a quantifi cation of the total salts present in the liquid portion of the soil. Soil salinity is important in agriculture because salinity reduces crop yields by reducing the osmotic potential, making it more diffi cult for the plant to extract water, by causing specifi c-ion toxicity, by upsetting the nutritional balance of plants, and by aff ecting the tilth and permeability of a soil. A discussion of the principles, methods, and equipment for measuring soil salinity is presented. The discussion provides a basic knowledge of the background, principles, equipment, and current accepted procedures and methodology for measuring soil salinity in the laboratory using electrical conductivity of aqueous extracts from soil samples and measurement of total dissolved solids in the saturated soil extract. Attention is also given to the use of suction cup extractors, porous matrix or salinity sensors, electrical resistivity, and electromagnetic induction to measure salinity in soil lysimeter columns and small fi eld plots (<10 by 10 m). Land resource managers, producers, extension specialists, Natural Resource Conservation Service fi eld staff , undergraduate and graduate students, and university, federal, and state researchers are the benefi ciaries of the information provided.
Experimental investigation on concentration profiles and fluctuations of dense gases in wind tunnel

One of the most frequent accident scenario following a loss of containment during HazMat transportation or processing is represented by the dispersion of a dense gas release. Several dispersion models are available to this purpose, more or less rigorously accounting for gravity slumping, air entrainment and possible heat transfer. Under confined geometry, the correct evaluation of possible concentration fluctuations represent an up-to-date research topic, both considering the process sector and a peculiar application represented by operating theaters for surgery. In this last context, the use of heavier than air gas is usually performed for anaesthetic application, while few validation data are available on the dispersion behavior following a fugitive emission and exposure of persons inside the enclosure. On these bases, the experimental phase of this paper was performed in a laboratory-scale wind tunnel of circular section, under different Reynolds number regimes, considering a continuous release scenario of two tracer gases, namely carbon dioxide and sulphur hexafluoride, at different low release rates. A detailed study on concentration fluctuations and time series is presented yielding reliable information on the influence of the different source types and flow rates. Conclusions are drawn on practical feasibility and application of the experimental results, in view of safe optimization of the design and mode of operation of ventilation systems in the considered settings.
Perbedaan Pengaruh Pemberian Infra Red (IR) Dan Transcutaneus Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) Dengan Neuromuscular Taping (NMT) Terhadap Penurunan Nyeri Low Back Pain (LBP) Myogenik

Background:LBP myogenik is lower back pain caused by excessive muscle tension that will cause pain. To deal with complaints of pain in LBP physioterapy can provide modalities often used reduce pain is Transcutaneus Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) andInfra Red (IR). Besides modalities usually used there is also a new method that is Neuromuscular Tapping (NMT) on the reduction of pain in patients LBP myogenik. NMT is a techniue that involves applying elastic adhesive tape on the skin,provides local therapuetic effect,and reduce pain. Objective:The difference between the effect of the provision of routine physiotherapy and Neuromuscular Tapping (NMT) to a decrease in pain in cases of Low Back Pain (LBP) myogenik. Method :Type of research is an experimental approach to design Quasi Eksperimental study pre post test two group design.responden of this studies as many as 20 people were divided into two groups. 10 in the control group and 10 in the treatment group.The research was done 2 times a week for 4 week.Measurement pain do is Visual Analog Scale (VAS) with analysis techniQues use test wilcoxon signed rankand mann whitney. Result and Discussion:in the control group mean pre test 6.62 andpost test 5.74,while in the treatment group mean pre test 6.53andpost test 4.24. Based on the statistical obtained wilcoxon signed rankavailable p-value in the group control 0,007 andp-value in thegroup treatment 0,005 andthe test statistik mann whitney avaiblep-value 0,000. Conclusion different influences between physiotherapy routine and NMT to reduces pain LBP myogenik.
An audit of the management of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) patients in an outpatient setting : looking beyond the respiratory illness

FEV1/FVC ratio <0.7 during most recent spirometry. diagnosis of COPD; documentation of smoking history and smoking cessation; appropriate COPD treatment including inhaler technique and assessment of non-adherence; appropriate prescription and usage of oxygen; referral to pulmonary rehabilitation; vaccination status; and consideration of comorbidities.
Detecting Partisan Gerrymandering through Mathematical Analysis: A Case Study of South Carolina

Partisan gerrymandering, the process of drawing the district boundaries of election maps unfairly for a given party’s political gain, is a practice that originated in the early 1800s and persists today. As partisan gerrymandering cases have met varying degrees of success in state and federal courts, now more than ever is there a need to define rigorous methods of assessing the partisan bias of election maps. In practice, two primary mathematical tools are utilized to quantify gerrymandering: measures of partisan bias and outlier analysis methods. This thesis analyzes the 2011 and 2018 Congressional districting plans of Pennsylvania and uses the results to inform an analysis of the 2011 South Carolina Congressional and state legislative maps. The goals of this study are to (1) provide a state-specific analysis of South Carolina and (2) contribute to the current body of literature by increasing transparency in gerrymandering detection procedures, investigating how outlier analysis methods perform for gerrymandered versus fair maps and how various partisan bias measures available perform compared to one another. Results of this study indicate that, using the √ ε test as defined by Chikina et al. in the 2017 case League of Women Voters v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, relatively unbiased maps indicate clear levels of non-significance compared to their biased counterparts. Certain measures of partisan bias, such as median-mean and the geometric bias measure defined under a variable partisan swing assumption, are also found to perform more consistently as indicators of gerrymandering than other metrics. In addition, this study finds that there is insufficient evidence of partisan gerrymandering in the Congressional, state Senate, and state House maps of South Carolina drawn during the 2011 redistricting cycle.
Cathode and Anode Interlayers Based on Polymer Carbon Dots via Work Function Regulation for Efficient Polymer Solar Cells

In this work, the ability of tuning work function for polymer carbon dots (PCDs) is systematically studied for the first time. Their application of both cathode and anode interlayers in polymer solar cells (PSCs) is achieved. PCDs possess abundant surface functional groups, which can be modified under control. Through regulating surface groups with more electron‐donating amino (PCD‐NH2) or electron‐withdrawing carboxy (PCD‐COOH), PCDs can decrease or increase work function of electrode, respectively. Therefore, PCD‐NH2 can act as cathode interlayer while PCD‐COOH plays the role of anode interlayer in PSCs. The single material system to act as both interlayers is rarely reported previously. This can simplify the design of materials and the device fabrication process. In addition, PCDs are green, low‐cost, stable, and easily fabricated. Therefore, it is demonstrated that PCDs are promising for commercial interlayer materials in optoelectronic devices.
Advanced Analytics and Technologies for Big Data

오늘날 인터넷의 보편화와 소셜 미디어 및 스마트 기기의 발전으로 인해 정보의 양이 급격히 증가함에 따 라 비즈니스 영역에 있어서 새로운 기회와 도전의 시기를 맞고 있다. 빅 데이터라 불리는 이러한 수많은 정 보들은 기업이 효율적인 의사결정을 지원할 수 있도록 도와줄 수 있으며, 또한 다른 기업과의 비즈니스 경쟁 에서 경쟁우위를 차지하는 데 아주 중요한 역할을 한다. 이러한 의사결정을 지원하기 위해서는 빅 데이터를 효과적으로 분석할 수 있는 방법론이 필요할 뿐 아니라 이를 지원할 수 있는 다양한 인프라를 필요로 한다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 빅 데이터를 분석하기 위한 고급분석 기법과 이를 지원하기 위한 기술 요소들을 도출 하고, 향후의 발전 방향에 대해 논하고자 한다. 이러한 분석 기법과 기술을 통한 정확하고 신뢰성 높으며 신 속한 의사결정은 기업이 고객의 요구를 신속히 수용하고 반영함으로써 기업의 수익 창출 및 시장을 선점하 는 중요한 요인으로 작용할 수 있다.
The role of soil depth in the evaluation of management‐induced effects on soil organic matter

The aim of the current survey was to determine the relevance of the subsoil in the assessment of management effects on soil organic matter (SOM) in arable farming. Data in this survey were provided by the organic arable long‐term field experiment Gladbacherhof (OAFEG). Three different ‘farming types’ were compared: mixed (MF), stockless with rotational ley (SFL) and stockless with cash crops (SFC). Each type had four different tillage treatments: full inversion (FIT), two‐layer plough (TLP), reduced inversion (RIT) and non‐inversion (NIT). The different mean masses of soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil total nitrogen (STN) at 0–30‐, 30–60‐, 60–90‐ and 0–90‐cm soil depths after three crop rotation cycles (17‐year observation period) were evaluated and considered as an indicator of SOM. ‘Farming types’ differ in their effect on SOC and STN mass of the topsoil layer (0–30 cm) in the order MF > SFL > SFC (P < 0.01). For the 0–90‐cm soil depth there were no differences between the treatments. Treatments with different tillage intensity did not show any effect on the contents of SOC or STN within the 0–30‐cm soil depth. However, within the 30–60‐cm depth full‐inversion tillage (FIT) was associated with larger amounts of SOC and STN than the reduced tillage intensity treatments TLP, RIT and NIT (P < 0.01). This situation even resulted in significantly larger SOC and STN masses under FIT (P < 0.05) over the whole soil profile under study (0–90 cm). Our results suggest that sampling depth should be extended to include the effects on the upper subsoil in assessment of the effects of arable management on soil organic matter.
Effect of Free Radical Scavenger on Space Charge Distribution in Polyethylene during Electrical Aging

Electrical aging of polyethylene was inhibited effectively by incorporation of a free radical scavenger (FRS). Samples of polyethylene with and without the FRS were electrically aged for various times and then the space charge distributions of these samples under dc stress and short-circuited were measured, respectively. It is shown that during electrical aging, the space charge distribution of all samples changed in a complex manner, and splitting or superposing of positive or negative charge peaks occurred at the same time. In addition, the total amount of space charge linearly increased with aging time, which corresponds to the remnant breakdown strength of the samples. Considering to the degradation of polyethylene under other types of stresses, the effects of the FRS of reducing the production of space charge and inhibiting electrical aging in polyethylene were discussed. Finally, the feasibility of space charge as a parameter in quantifying electrical aging of polyethylene was discussed.
Accessibility in Native Mobile Applications for Users with Disabilities: A Scoping Review

The objective of this scoping review is to characterize the current scenario of mobile applications considering accessibility issues for people with cognitive, motor, and sensory disabilities. Nowadays, mobile devices have grown exponentially, giving way to new ways of relating, managing, and working. In this context, mobile devices seek to democratize access to knowledge on different topics; however, the application of accessibility guidelines is neglected. The reviewers extracted the most relevant articles published between 2000 and 2020 from the ACM Digital Library, IEEE Xplore, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. In this scoping review, the PRISMA-ScR checklist was used to extract scientific articles; Cohen’s kappa coefficient = 0.4117 was applied, which implies moderate concordance of reviewers; 22 primary studies were extracted from a total of 211. The results obtained in this research suggest applying WCAG 2.1 in mobile applications to achieve an adequate level of accessibility. Future work suggests designing review tools that include machine learning based on artificial intelligence algorithms.
A diffuse plasma jet generated from the preexisting discharge filament at atmospheric pressure

A diffuse plasma jet was realized by expanding the preexisting argon filamentary discharge into a diffuse one at atmospheric pressure. Examination of emission spectra from the plasma jet shows that the emission intensities of OH and Ar increase with the argon flow near the quartz tube nozzle, while the N 2 emission intensity first increases, then decreases, and finally approximately remains unchanged with the increase in the argon flow of interest. It is also found that with the argon flow set at 0.4 l/min, most of the reactive species are gathered close to the nozzle, the OH and Ar emission intensities decrease quickly after the plasma propagates out of the nozzle, but the N 2 emission is able to propagate over a larger distance. These distinct spectral emission features of OH, N 2 , and Ar are attributed to the different generation and quenching mechanisms of their corresponding excited states, i.e., OH ( A Σ 2 + ) , N 2 ( C Π 3 μ ) , and Ar ( 4 p ) / Ar ( 4 s ) in the argon plasma jet. Addition.
Sanacija protetskog pacijenta staklo-keramičkim nadomjeskom

Making a glass-ceramics veneer replacement is a complex process which requires special skills and knowledge of the therapist and technician to achieve the best possible result. With the development and proper use of glass-ceramics, great results can be achieved. Glassceramics are divided into laboratory and manufactured CAD/CAM). Indications for glassceramics works are crown, aesthetic shell, inlay/overlay and bridges up to 3 members in the front and premolar region. When preparing teeth for glass-ceramics work, rounded materials of the newer generation) correct angular finish line (materials of older generation) is necessary, which ensures good fitting of the crown to the supporting tooth, periodontal protection and optimal distribution of the force on the foundation. The final stage in the manufacture and application of glass-ceramics veneer replacement is cementing, which should be carried out under strictly controlled conditions with the appropriate cement. The most commonly used adhesive cementing technique is the additional reinforcement of ceramics and the stabilization of the entire system.
Transcending Organization in Temporary Systems: Aesthetics’ Organizing Work and Employment in Creative Industries

HR selection seems to differ from the way much existing literature theorizes about it, emphasizing the rational and measurable aspects of selection, which has created a HR science-practitioner gap. This paper seeks to close this gap by bringing in aesthetics to selection, adding on the non-rational and non-measurable aspects through investigating how practitioners select for aesthetic skills in practice. This is done through a practice based study with an emphasis on the aesthetic aspects of selection decisions made in situi in various projects from the Danish film industry. The findings suggest that aesthetic judgement played an essential role unfolding in the practices of imagination, intuition and fascination. Furthermore these internal aesthetic judgements were socially shared through a common aesthetic language. These findings contribute to the debate about critical HRM by providing a more nuanced perspective on selection, seeking to close the gap between HRM practitioners and scholars. By adding on the aesthetic dimension it seeks to open up the debate about the intrinsic aesthetic skills and the selection practices required including these in a more holistic scientific-aesthetic perspective. 3 Paper written by Iben Sandal Stjerne, Department of Organization, Copenhagen Business
Gaseous ozone decomposition over high silica zeolitic frameworks

For several decades, it has been known that ozone emissions are harmful to humans, plants, and animals. Heterogeneous catalytic decomposition is an efficient process for removing ozone from air. This study examines the effect of the zeolite's framework and pore width on efficiency for decomposing gaseous ozone. Four highly hydrophobic zeolites are used: a large cavity zeolite (Faujasite/H‐FAU), a medium pore zeolite with parallel channel (Mordenite/H‐MOR), and two medium pore zeolites with interconnected channels (H‐ZSM‐5/H‐MFI and Na‐ZSM‐5/Na‐MFI). Experiments were conducted in fixed‐bed flow reactors loaded with zeolite at ambient conditions (20 °C and 101 kPa). Zeolite surfaces were analyzed during the experiments in order to understand the influence of physical and chemical surface properties on the ozone decomposition mechanism. A higher amount of ozone is eliminated using H‐MOR, compared with the zeolite samples H‐FAU, H‐MFI, and Na‐MFI. Pore width and micropore framework size distribution (channel and cages) appear to be key factors. A narrow channel or cage, slightly larger than the ozone molecule size, seems to promote ozone interactions with Lewis acid sites. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy shows that Lewis acid sites (LAS), located on the walls of zeolite pores, decompose ozone. This leads to the formation of atomic oxygen species that could react with another ozone molecule to form dioxygen. Hence, LAS are regenerated, ready to decompose another ozone molecule once more.
Effet des nanoparticules sur l’amélioration du transfert thermique dans une cavité carrée

nombre de Prandtl est fixé à 2 . 6 Pr  . L’objectif de cette étude de d’étudier l’effet de la nature de nanofluides, de la fraction volumique des nanoparticules et la variation du nombre de Rayleigh sur l’amélioration du transfert de chaleur convectif. Les résultats de la simulation montrent que le transfert thermique augmente avec l’augmentation du nombre Rayleigh, et de la fraction volumique. Cette augmentation du transfert de chaleur est remarquable pour le nano fluide Cu-eau.
Implementing machine learning for data breach detection

Privata.ai is a User and Entity Behavior Analytics (UEBA) application used for the detection of data breaches in an organization. By tracking down the usual access to personal and sensitive data, it becomes much easier to detect an outlier. These anomalies could result in a real threat to the company’s data security and must, therefore, be promptly detected and addressed. This paper focuses on the managerial challenges that arise from the increasing threat of data breaches and how machine learning could help in protecting organizations from them. For this purpose, large part of the challenge came from understanding the unique specificities of these attacks and finding an appropriate machine learning method to detect them. Given the fact that the data used to train the models was randomly generated, the results should be taken with caution. Nevertheless, the models used for this paper should be taken as a basis for the future development of the software.
Screening and Identification of Cellulase- Producing Bacteria Isolated From Rumen of Camel in Sokoto Main Abattoir

Cellulose is the most abundant polymers on the earth and was extensively used for many industrial purposes. The aim of the study was screening and isolation of cellulase producing bacteria from rumen of camel in slaughter house of Sokoto. A numbers of rumen content samples were collected from four different camels for analysis. Rumen cellulase producing bacteria were Isolated and characterized in this experiment following serial dilution up to six fold and inoculated into Nutrient agar. Biochemical test such citrate utilization, indole, catalase, urease, methyl red, vogues proskauer, motility, and sugar fermentation, starch hydrolysis, hydrogen sulphide production (H2S) from triple sugar iron (TSI) agar and sugar fermentation were adopt in this study. Screening of the isolates was performed in an enriched media containing Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) flooded with Congo red and washed with NaCl. The result revealed the colonial characterization such as shape, color, size, elevation margin, opacity, and gram reaction were determined for each of the isolates. A total of seven isolates were identified, six were identified as gram positive while one as gram negative. Bergy’s manual of determinative bacteriology confirmed the isolates to be genus of Bacillus spp. The mean total count of bacteria are 2.5 x 106 cfu/g, 2.8 x 106 cfu/g, 3.5 x 106 cfu/g, 3.6 x 106 cfu/g, 2.7 x 106 cfu/g, 3.5 x 106 cfu/g and 3.0 x 106 cfu/g. Five out of seven show CMCase activity after flooding with Congo red and are considered as RC3, RC4, RC5, RC6, and RC7 while two isolates RC1 and RC2 lack ability to produce cellulase RC7 show highest ability to produce cellulase with highest diameter of 6.0 mm. It has concluded that rumen content of camel is good source of carbon sole and cellulase producing bacteria.
Electrochemical oxidation using a boron doped diamond electrode as a water treatment process- removal of residual micropollutants and inac-tivation of microorganisms

A boron doped diamond electrode was tested for the removal of micropollutants and inactivation of microorganisms. The results showed that higher current densities accelerated the degradation process, whereas an increase in water complexity decelerated it. A current density between 100-200 mA cm-2 would completely remove micropollutants and limit the formation of inorganic by-products. A synergic effect of reactive oxygen and chlorine species assured the disinfection capability of the electrode.
Dietary triacylglycerol digestion and absorption and bile acid status in neonatal piglets: a model for preterm human infants

Preterm infants and neonatal suckling piglets have a limited bile acid pool that may hinder absorption of dietary fatty acids, triacylglycerols (TAGs), and other lipidsoluble nutrients. Because dietary lipids are a valuable source of energy for growth, it is important for that TAGs be efficiently absorbed and utilized. The hypothesis of this study is that oral administration of 0.2 g/kg body weight daily of cholylsarcosine, an artificial bile acid, would decrease fecal excretion of dietary fatty acids and TAGs in suckling piglets. Twelve 7-d-old piglets were housed individually in metabolism cages and fed a commercial milk replacer with or without oral cholylsarcosine until 21 d of a e. At 14 d of a e, ' 3C hexadecanoic acid and tri-(D31 hexadecanoic acid) g g were administered orally to quantify absorption of dietary fatty acids and TAG.