Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Uses of Lean Manufacturing tools to improve the efficiency of production flow in a can factory

This work was developed in a company that produces metallic cans and that does not adopt the philosophy of Lean Manufacturing. The need to provide products with different characteristics turned out the production process to be complex, inefficient, and large stock between operations. The goal was to improve the productivity by identifying and eliminating waste. The starting point was the elaboration of the VSM of current status to identify potential improvement. The VSM (Value Stream Map) analysis showed that the pieces of equipment and the lithographic machine have OEE (Overall Equipment Effectiveness) at a quite low rate, around 26,95%, which led the need for additional shift to attend the demand. Using chronoanalysis and PCP information, it was observed that by reducing the set up to 30 min, those pieces of equipment could work just in one shift. Then, it was applied the Kaizen SMED (Single minute exchange of die), changing intern to external activities and redistributing activities to be executed in parallel. The results showed a reduction of set up time from 61min21s to 29min42s, allowing to eliminate a work shift. After the implementation of these improvements, the managers decide to adopt the lean philosophy as the company´s new management model.
Antiretroviral Therapy Discontinuation among Adults Receiving HIV Care in Kadoma City in 2015-2019

Background: Discontinuation remains a legitimate threat to the long-term success of antiretroviral therapy (ART) scale-up in Zimbabwe. Furthermore, the characteristics associated with ART discontinuation and trends are poorly understood in developing countries like Zimbabwe. We analysed the HIV/AIDS data to describe the characteristics associated with ART discontinuation and the trends from 2015 to 2019. Methods: We conducted an analytical cross-sectional study using secondary data from Electronic Patient Management System (ePMS) in Kadoma City. We interviewed eighteen health care workers to find the reasons for ART discontinuation. Data were analysed using Microsoft Office Excel 2016 and Epi info 7 version 7.2. 2.6. Microsoft office excel was used to generate linear graphs to demonstrate the trends in ART discontinuation in Kadoma City in 2015-2019. Epi info 7 was used to generate fre-quencies, means, prevalence odds ratios p-values, and 95% confidence intervals (CI) and significance testing. Backward stepwise logistic regression analysis was done to determine the independent factors associated with discontinuation. Results: A total number of 2833 patients were enrolled on ART from 2015 to 2019. One hundred and seventy-three 173/2833 attended school (adjusted pOR = 3.9, [95% CI: 2.5 - 6.0], p = 0.003) and having immunological failure (adjusted pOR = 6.2, [95% CI: 4.5 - 8.6], p = 0.0001). The reasons mentioned by the health care workers which cause people living with HIV (PLHIV) to discontinue ART were health state not improving 13/18 (72.2%), participating in artisanal mining activities 11/18 (61.1%), change in marital status 9/18 (50.0%), medical side effects of ART 8/18 (44.4%), living far from health facilities 5/18 (27.8%) and relocating to neighbouring countries 3/18 (16.7%). Conclusion: We concluded that the characteristics associated with ART discontinuation were having never attended school, being less than forty years of age and having immunological failure. The reasons why patients discontinue ART were health state not improving, participating in artisanal mining activities, change in marital status, medical side effects of ART, living far from health facilities, and relocating to neighbouring countries. We recommended continuous provision of health education, enhanced adherence counselling sessions to those with unsup-pressed viral loads and investigating the cause of virologic failure.
Une approche de la psychopharmacologie des premiers épisodes psychotiques axée sur le rétablissement

Objectives Individuals with first­episode psychosis (FEP) are poorly represented in clinical trials leading to drug approval. As a result, there is a relative paucity of empirical data to guide the psychopharmacological treatment of these youths. This article provides a synthesis of this literature, informed by the authors’ clinical experience in treating FEP over the past 25 years. Methods This selective review of the literature focuses on the psychopharmacolog­ ical treatment of FEP and includes both randomized trials and observational studies. It is organized around the following themes for FEP: response and remission rates; relapse rates; specifics regarding susceptibility to adverse events; comparisons of efficacy, safety and relapse prevention among various molecules and dosage forms; recommendations for duration of treatment; approach to treatment resistance; and use of clozapine. For each of these themes, research data are interpreted and supplemented by commentary based on the authors’ clinical experience, with a strong focus on the individual’s recovery. Results Symptom remission is achieved in approximately 75% of individuals during the initial treatment of a FEP, its maintenance being a very strong predictor of functional recovery. The rate of psychotic relapse during the three years following a FEP is about 60%, the problem of adherence to treatment being the main cause of these relapses. The FEP population is distinguished by a greater propensity for adverse events, including weight gain and extrapyramidal reactions. With the exception of treatment­resistant FEP, no clear difference has been demonstrated in the efficacy of the various molecules, but they do differ in their adverse events profile and formulations. As such, the use of long­acting injectable antipsychotics (LAIs) is superior to oral agents in preventing relapse. While the guidelines recom­ mend continued treatment for 18 months after remission is achieved, these recom­ mendations are based on empirical data that are still unclear, necessitating the use of a shared­decision approach with the patient and his/her family. In the group of people who do not achieve a satisfactory response after two trials of antipsychotics, clozapine is effective in up to 80% of people. Conclusions The FEP population is characterized by a high response rate, relapses frequently related to non­adherence to treatment, and increased susceptibility to adverse events. Tailoring pharmacological treatment for FEP aims at sustained remission of all symptom dimensions combined with proactive management of adverse events, including through judicious use of LAIs and clozapine.
Passive Terahertz Non-Line-of-Sight Imaging

We demonstrate the capability of the THz frequency (submillimeter wavelength) band to perform nonline-of-sight imaging by reflection from common rough surfaces. Active bidirectional reflectance distribution function measurements at 336 GHz show that surface roughness affects the strength, but not the width, of a specularly reflected beam of submillimeter-wavelength light. Uncooled passive direct-detection receivers built using high-frequency InP transistor technology achieve noise-equivalent temperature differences (NETD) ≤ 33 mK. One and two-dimensional, scanned single-pixel images made using such a passive receiver show that determination of the location, orientation, and pose of human targets can easily be made on surfaces whose specular component of reflectance is as low as 8%, without any algorithmic assistance. With such low instrumental NETD levels, the radiometric component of image quality is dominated by real fluctuations in the radiometric temperature of ordinary indoor backgrounds.
Crystallographic orientation mapping of lizardite serpentinite by Raman spectroscopy

Abstract. The serpentine mineral lizardite displays strong Raman anisotropy in the OH-stretching region, resulting in significant wavenumber shifts (up to ca. 14.5 cm−1) that depend on the orientation of the impinging excitation laser relative to the crystallographic axes. We quantified the relationship between crystallographic orientation and Raman wavenumber using well-characterised samples of Monte Fico lizardite by applying Raman spectroscopy and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) mapping on thin sections of polycrystalline samples and grain mounts of selected single crystals, as well as by a spindle stage Raman study of an oriented cylinder drilled from a single crystal. We demonstrate that the main band in the OH-stretching region undergoes a systematic shift that depends on the inclination of the c-axis of the lizardite crystal. The data are used to derive an empirical relationship between the position of this main band and the c-axis inclination of a measured lizardite crystal: y=14.5cos 4 (0.013x+0.02)+(3670±1), where y is the inclination of the c-axis with respect to the normal vector (in degrees), and x is the main band position (wavenumber in cm −1) in the OH-stretching region. This new method provides a simple and cost-effective technique for measuring and quantifying the crystallographic orientation of lizardite-bearing serpentinite fault rocks, which can be difficult to achieve using EBSD alone. In addition to the samples used to determine the above empirical relationship, we demonstrate the applicability of the technique by mapping the orientations of lizardite in a more complex sample of deformed serpentinite from Elba Island, Italy.
Equitable Representation of Latinos in Clinical Research Is Needed to Achieve Health Equity in Cancer Care

PURPOSE: Identify key barriers that keep Latinos from participating in clinical trials (CTs) and interventions proven effective in increasing their representation in clinical research. METHODS: Utilize our own extensive research experience and review the literature to: identify key barriers, summarize strategies that have been proven effective in increasing Latino representation in CTs, issue a call to action for programs/practices and practitioners to implement what is proven effective, and make recommendations for further research to address current gaps. RESULTS: Participation barriers are complex, multifactorial, and exist at different levels, including study design (eg, protocol complexity, patient exclusion criteria, trial duration and frequency), healthcare system barriers (eg, lack of minority staff), patient-related factors (eg, lack of awareness, low health literacy, language, social determinants of health [SDoH]), and medical team issues (eg, lack of cultural competence, lack of referrals, implicit bias, provider/patient communication). Research has shown that the most effective strategies to increase participation of underrepresented minorities in CTs include culturally sensitive educational tools aimed at community members, patients, and physicians, and strategies to address the multiple SDoH and other barriers to participation facing cancer patients and the factors that influence patient decision-making. CONCLUSION: Raising awareness or offering clinical trials to everyone will not alone increase Latino participation. Other key barriers at different levels must also be addressed, especially SDoH and patients’ contextual factors. To achieve equitable participation of Latinos and other underrepresented groups in clinical research, comprehensive approaches that address interrelated multilevel and multifactorial barriers to participation can produce a substantial, sustained impact—ensuring everyone equitably benefits from scientific advances in cancer treatment, improved cancer outcomes and quality of life, and reduced health care costs.
Project Management Success with CMMI: Seven CMMI Process Areas

Use CMMI to Improve Project Management Efficiency, Effectiveness, and AccountabilityThe Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI) Maturity Level 2 offers powerful, end-to-end tools for improvement throughout your organization. In Project Management Success with CMMI®, James Persse demonstrates exactly how to apply CMMI Level 2 to virtually any project, program, or process. User friendly, concise, and easy to follow, this book helps you implement all seven CMMI Level 2 process areas; customize CMMI for your unique projects and organization; and achieve powerful, quantifiable results.The author takes a practical approach to the business and operational needs of project management, carefully linking the realities of business and technical projects with CMMI recommendations. Drawing on his unsurpassed CMMI field experience, Persse presents case studies, anecdotes, and examples-all designed to illuminate what works and what doesn't.Persse introduces the substance and intention of all seven CMMI Level 2 process areas. For each area, he shows how to define goals, implement best practices, understand issues of sizing and scope, and avoid pitfalls and misinterpretations. He is also the first to explain how CMMI can integrate with the tools and skills of the Project Management Institute's Project Management Body of Knowledge, improving the effectiveness of both.Coverage includes Understanding project management as value management Planning projects and structuring expectations Monitoring and controlling projects Managing requirements, configurations, and supplier agreements Implementing effective measurement and analysis Assuring process and product qualityProject Management Success with CMMI® is an invaluable resource for anyone responsible for managing projects, programs, or processes-including those who are new to CMMI and project management.The book's companion Web site (www.prenhallprofessional.com/title/0132333058) contains an extensive library of downloadable CMMI project management resources corresponding to each of the seven CMMI process areas.
Availability and Affordability of Primary Health Care Among Vulnerable Populations in Urban Kumasi Metropolis: Family Health Perspective

Purpose: Health-related expenditures pose a significant burden on vulnerable populations. This study assessed the availability and affordability of primary health care among disadvantaged populations in urban Kumasi Metropolis, Ghana. Methods: This study was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among multi-level participants of vulnerable populations ≥18 years of age (n=710) constituting the older adults/aged, pregnant women, head porters, sex workers, and other vulnerable groups (people with disabilities and the homeless). Data were collected using a semistructured questionnaire. Poisson regression with robust variance was used to assess the association between vulnerability and access to health care. Results: There were significant differences in the availability and adequacy of health care among the vulnerable groups studied. Distance to the source of care was >5 km for majority of the vulnerable groups and the average expenditure on a visit to the health facility was GH¢ 27.04 (∼US$ 5.55 as at January 2019). Challenges to health care among the vulnerable groups included monetary (37.9%), stigmatization (18.6%), and staff attitude (25.9%). Head porters and other vulnerable groups were less likely to view health care as affordable compared with older adults. The difference in the perception of health care affordability was, however, explained by sociodemographic characteristic and health care-related factors. Conclusion: Despite the introduction of a National Health Insurance Scheme in Ghana, this study highlights challenges in health care access among vulnerable populations independent of the type of vulnerability. This suggests the need for stakeholders to adopt other innovative care strategies that may have broader applicability for all populations.
Causes of Nurses' Second Victim Distress: An Objective Analysis

Background: Unanticipated adverse events could harm not only patients and families but also health care professionals. These people are defined as second victims. Second victim distress (SVD) refers to physical, emotional, and professional problems of health care professionals. While positive patient safety cultures (PSCs) are associated with reducing severity of SVD, there is a dearth of research on the association between PSCs and SVD and the mediation effects in those associations. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to explore the associations between PSCs and SVD and verify the multiple mediation effects of colleague, supervisor, and institutional supports. Methods: A cross-sectional study using a self-report questionnaire was conducted among 296 nurses in South Korea. The participants were selected by quota sampling in 41 departments including general wards, intensive care units, etc. Descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation, multiple linear regression, and multiple mediation analysis were conducted using SPSS 25.0 and the PROCESS macros. Results: Nonpunitive response to errors, communication openness, and colleague, supervisor, and institutional supports had negative correlations with SVD (Ps < .05). In the multiple mediation model, a nonpunitive response to error showed a significant direct effect on SVD (direct effect β = −.26, P < .001). Colleague, supervisor, and institutional supports showed a significant indirect effect between nonpunitive response to error and SVD; colleague (indirect effect β [Boot LLCI-Boot ULCI] = −.03 [−0.06 to −0.00]), supervisor (.03[0.00 to 0.07]), and institutional support (−.04 [−0.07 to −0.01]). Conclusion: The study suggests that establishing nonpunitive organizational cultures is an effective strategy to reduce SVD. The findings highlight the importance of promoting programs that strengthen PSCs in hospitals and prioritizing support resources to reduce SVD among nurses.
A comparative study on parental language used by parents of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and typically developing children

Purpose: Current study is designed to analyze the quantity and quality of parental language during parent-child interaction in the natural environment in both typically developing and in children with autism spectrum disorder.Methods: A total of 10 primary caregivers mainly parents in which 5 participants were parents of children with autism spectrum disorder and 5 participants were parents of typically developing children. A 10-15 minutes video recording of parent-child interaction was analyzed and drawn into conclusion about the quantity and quality of language used in terms of grammatical language measures, discourse function and pragmatic function.Results: Parents of children with ASD and parents of TD children who were developing normally produced similar amounts of linguistic input, but they differed on certain quality parameters. Parents of TD children use more Mean Length of Utterance. Significant differences were found between the two groups in terms of Discourse function and pragmatic functions. The parents of children with ASD used a comparatively lower number of nouns, verbs, conjunctions and case markers. In Discourse function analysis, significant differences were found in parental responses, number of conversational turns and number of parental responses to child’s initiations. While considering pragmatic/behavioral functions, significant differences were only in questions and expansions.Conclusions: The current study emphasizes the importance of parental language during parent-child interactions, as well as the need to profile the same which would provide precise information on the level of stimulation delivered.
On the spectral efficiency of cell‐free massive MIMO system in irregular 5G mobile networks

Spectral efficiency (SE) is one of the eminent requirements in 5G mobile networks. Cell‐free (CF) massive MIMO is deemed a key technology to provide substantial SE in 5G compared with the cellular and small cell approaches. Most of the prior studies have been focusing on the access points (APs) uniform distribution to assess the SE performance. However, 5G networks are typically dense, irregularly distributed, and mostly constrained by channel impairments. Therefore, considering a uniform distribution of APs is unrealistic. This paper considers a practical network distribution by taking into account the irregular and adaptive APs distribution based on the Poisson point process approach and over the Rician fading channels. Therein, the downlink (DL) SE of CF massive MIMO system is accurately investigated bearing in mind the AP's irregular distribution and fast channel variation for both perfect and imperfect channel state information (CSI) cases. The simulation results have shown that the DL SE of the CF massive MIMO system is considerably affected when considering the irregular deployment of APs compared with the uniform distribution, especially when the phase noise effect is tense. The SE gain performance is reduced by 37.9% in the DL transmissions, compared with the uniform model. Besides, the results have proven that the DL SE gain is remarkably improved when the APs are largely distributed within the network. However, the gained DL SE is affected when increasing the user's density and length of the uplink training period.
Frames and dilemmas in multifunctional projects

Increasing population, sea level rise and changes in public spending encourage the development of multifunctional projects. Multifunctional projects integrate various functions in the same area to satisfy multiple objectives simultaneously and to combine the resources and expertise of various stakeholders. Although the involvement of multiple interdependent actors offers opportunities for the inclusion of various interests in the decision-making process, the complex organizational context of multifunctional projects makes the identification and selection of functional combination difficult. When defining and selecting functional combinations, actors often need to prioritize various functions based on the demands that they need to fulfill and the available resources for the project. Since actors belong to different sectors and administrative levels, they often have different interpretations about what is going on and what the preferred course of action is. In these settings dilemmas naturally occur. Dilemmas are situations in which actors are confronted with various options to make a choice, all being equally desirable or undesirable. Dilemmas are often associated to situations of paralysis or impasse. Not knowing what to do leads to a deadlock. However, encountering dilemmas also offers the possibility of looking at issues from different lenses, stimulating deliberation about the issue at stake from different angles. Consequently, dilemmas have the potential to foster creativity and to think about solutions that bridge seemingly competing demands. Realizing their potential requires creating awareness about dilemmas and understanding their origin. The incorporation of various interdependent actors having their own interpretations about issues at stake makes multifunctional projects an ideal case to understand the influence of frames and dilemmas in decision making. The main goal of this thesis is to unravel the role of frames in the occurrence of dilemmas in multifunctional projects.