Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of the dust rings and satellites of Uranus and of the Saturn's F-ring

The $\mu$ and $\nu$ rings of Uranus form a secondary ring-moon system with the satellites Puck, Mab,Portia, and Rosalind. These rings are tenuous and dominated by micrometric particles, which can be strongly disturbed by the solar radiation pressure. We performed a numerical analysis of the orbital evolution of a sample of particles under the influence of the solar radiation force and the planetary oblateness, combined with the gravitational interaction with the close satellites. The most likely result is a collisions and the deposition of particles onto the surface of these satellites. Since this mechanism tends to cause a depletion of material of the rings, we investigate additional sources for these dust particles. Adopting a rough estimative of the flux of interplanetary meteoroids, we found that the ejections from Mab could generate a ring with optical depth comparable with the observations. A similar analysis was carried out for the F-ring dust band. The damping due to the Saturn's oblateness prevents the overstated changes of the eccentricity and increases in the lifetime of the particles. Therewithal photometric study of the F-ring using Cassini images revealed that substantial secular increase in the brightness of Saturn's F ring has occurred in the last 25 years. The shapes of the phase curves from Cassini and Voyager are similar, suggesting that although the number of dust particles has increased, the overall distribution of sizes is unchanged. The dust bands that permeate the rings of Uranus were observed late in 2007 during the equinox, when the Sun crossed the ring plane. Images taken with the VLT were processed and then combined to result in long-exposure frames. For each frame, the north and south radial profiles were extracted. They will be used to develop a photometric model.
Solar neutrino limits on decoherence

The solar neutrino flux arrives at Earth as an incoherent admixture of mass eigenstates, and then solar neutrino detection constitute a blind probe to the oscillation pattern of the neutrino flavour conversion. Consequently, it is also impossible to probe, in a model independent approach, any new physics that leads to an enhancement of decoherence during the neutrino evolution, an effect that is present for instance in Open Quantum System formalism. However, such mechanism can also induce changes between mass eigenstates if an energy interchange between the neutrino subsystem and the reservoir is not explicitly forbiden. In this work the conversion probabilities between mass eigenstates in an Open Quantum System are calculated, and limits are stablished for these kind of transitions. We present our results in a pedagogical way, pointing out how far the analysis can go without any assumption on the neutrino conversion physics inside the Sun, before performing the full calculations. We obtain as limits for the decoherence parameters the values of Γ3< 6.5× 10−19 eV and Γ8< 7.1× 10−19 eV at 3σ.
Growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of Nguni, Bonsmara and Angus steers raised on natural pasture

ii Acknowledgements iv Table of contents v List of Tables x List of Figures xiii List of Appendices xiv CHAPTER 1: Introduction 1 1.1. Justification 3 1.2. Objectives 4 1.3. Hypotheses 4 1.4. References 6 CHAPTER 2: Literature review 8 2.
Influence of the Morphology of Lysozyme‐Shelled Microparticles on the Cellular Association, Uptake, and Degradation in Human Breast Adenocarcinoma Cells

The ultrasound‐assisted self‐assembly and cross‐linking of lysozyme at the water–air and water–perfluorohexane interfaces are shown to produce lysozyme‐shelled hollow microbubbles (LSMBs) and microcapsules (LSMC), respectively. The arrangement of lysozyme at the air–liquid or oil–liquid interfaces is accompanied by changes in the bioactivity and conformational state of the protein. The interaction of LSMB and LSMC with human breast adenocarcinoma cells (SKBR3) is studied. LSMB and LSMC are phagocyted by cells within 2 h without exerting a cytotoxic activity. The cellular internalization kinetics of LSMB and LSMC and the effects on cell cycle are evaluated using flow cytometry. Evidence for the internalization of microparticles and degradation within the cell are also monitored by confocal and scanning electron microscopic analyses. The integrity of cell membrane and cell cycle is not affected by LSMBs and LSMCs uptake. These studies show that the positively charged LSMB and LSMC are not cytotoxic and can be readily internalized and degraded by the SKBR3 cells. LSMBs and LSMCs show a different uptake kinetics and intracellular degradation pattern due to differences in the arrangement of the protein at the air–liquid or oil–liquid interfaces.
Analysis of Changes in Electrical Signals and Ground Reaction Force in Muscles According to Exercise Method

With an increasing aging population and improved standards of living, more attention has been paid to health. Although walking exercise is known as an aerobic exercise, it imposes repeated and continuous impacts on the joints of the lower extremities. Therefore, when overweight gives a burden to the lower extremity or there is a joint disease, exercise limit occurs. The articular cartilage, weakened with age, also makes it difficult for the elderly to perform walking exercises. Accordingly, this study conducted a comparative analysis between regular walking using only the lower extremity and Nordic walking, which has been known as stable. For analysis, electromyography (EMG) was performed and the ground reaction force of the upper and lower extremities were measured in the same exercise. Integrated EMG (iEMG) revealed that the upper extremity muscles were more active in Nordic walking than in regular walking, where lower extremity muscles were relatively more inactive. In addition, when EMG measurements were performed at each measurement point during walking exercise, the pattern was different. Nevertheless, the result was the same as in iEMG. The load that occurs in each exercise was measured using the ground reaction force system. As a result, Nordic walking had a lower load than regular walking. Therefore, it was found that Nordic walking minimized the load on the lower extremities owing to the effect of whole-body exercise and was a safer and more efficient exercise method.
The global rent gap of Lisbon's historic centre

This work deals with the ongoing commodification of Lisbon’s historic centre under the pressure of mass tourism and transnational real estate investment. It applies a case-study research methodology combining the quantitative analysis of statistical data on relevant socioeconomic indicators with qualitative tools such as direct observation and structured interviews with key stakeholders. In the context of crisis and austerity, and taking into account the Portuguese financial dependency and peripherality within the Eurozone, this work argues that the rent gap triggering the current transformation of Lisbon’s historic centre owes much to the global gap between purchasing powers on the internal and the external markets. With the former strangled by austerity policies that have impoverished the Portuguese society, the dramatic rise of housing prices in Lisbon’s historic centre is a consequence of the expansion of demand on wealthier external markets, encouraged and guaranteed by an investor-friendly legal framework implemented in the context of the crisis. This policy set includes the new urban lease law, the non-regular resident tax regime, the Golden Visa programme, the special fiscal framework for the local accommodation business, and the tax breaks for real estate funds and refurbishment initiatives. Despite its undisputed success in bringing foreign investment and stimulating the rehabilitation of derelict properties in Lisbon’s historic centre, this legal framework has triggered gentrification. Real estate prices are pushed above the financial capacity of most local households, and an enclave-type exploitation of the housing stock emerges in Lisbon’s historic centre that jeopardizes the former’s access to housing in that territory and in its immediate surroundings. However, grassroots movements and social initiatives advocating affordable housing and the right to the city have emerged in Lisbon.
Gauge field theory coherent states (GCS): III. Ehrenfest theorems

In the preceding paper of this series of articles we established peakedness properties of a family of coherent states that were introduced by Hall for any compact gauge group and were later generalized to gauge field theory by Ashtekar, Lewandowski, Marolf, Mourão and Thiemann. In this paper we establish the `Ehrenfest property' of these states which are labelled by a point (A,E), a connection and an electric field, in the classical phase space. By this we mean that the expectation values of the elementary operators (and of their commutators divided by iℏ, respectively) in a coherent state labelled by the (A,E) are, to zeroth order in ℏ, given by the values of the corresponding elementary functions (and of their Poisson brackets, respectively) at the point (A,E). These results can be extended to all polynomials of elementary operators and to a certain non-polynomial function of the elementary operators associated with the volume operator of quantum general relativity. These findings are another step towards establishing that the infinitesimal quantum dynamics of quantum general relativity might, to lowest order in ℏ, indeed be given by classical general relativity.
ANTIMYCOBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF CRUDE EXTRACTS PRODUCED BY BACILLUS SP. ASSOCIATED WITH ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODE

Objective: The World Health Organization estimates that about 8 to 10 million new Tuberculosis (TB) cases occur annually worldwide and its incidence is currently increasing. There are two million deaths from TB each year. The global threat of tuberculosis demands the search for alternative antimycobacterial drugs. Methods: The liquid media for fermentation was prepared in TSB alone, LB alone and TSB + LB (1:1) supplemented with six different carbon sources (fructose, maltose, dextrose, mannitol, sucrose and lactose) and after fermentation crude extract was extracted using ethyl acetate. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of extracts was determined using the broth dilution method on middle brook 7H11 against The aim of the present study was to determine the antimycobacterial activity of nine crude extracts from a Bacillus sp. N strain associated with entomopathogenic nematode 37 Results: Out of nine extract tested only two recorded activity and significant activity was recorded by TSB+LB+lactose, followed by TSB+LB+fructose. These two extracts were nontoxic to the normal cell line. Rv. The cytotoxicity of the extracts was determined by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay against VERO cell line. Conclusion: Purification of these extract will get pure compounds with antimycobacterial activity in future.
Holographic multiverse and conformal invariance

We consider a holographic description of the inflationary multiverse, according to which the wave function of the universe is interpreted as the generating functional for a lower dimensional Euclidean theory. We analyze a simple model where transitions between inflationary vacua occur through bubble nucleation, and the inflating part of spacetime consists of de Sitter regions separated by thin bubble walls. In this model, we present some evidence that the dual theory is conformally invariant in the UV.
Monogamy of Measurement-Induced Nonlocality Based on Relative Entropy

In this paper, using relative entropy, we study monogamous properties of measurement-induced nonlocality based on relative entropy. Depending on different measurement sides, we provide necessary and sufficient conditions for two types of monogamy inequalities. By the concept of nonlocality monogamy score, we find a necessary condition of the vanished nonlocality monogamy score for arbitrary three-party states. In addition, two types of necessary and sufficient conditions of the vanished nonlocality monogamy scores are obtained for any pure states. As an application, we show that measurement-induced nonlocality based on relative entropy can be viewed as a “nonlocality witness” to distinguish generalized GHZ states from the generalized W states.
The Influence of Admixtures to the Signal of an Electromagnetic Flow Meter

Measurement error in an electromagnetic flow meter appears if magnetic and electric properties of admixtures are different from that of the fluid. Expressions of the error, which depends on volume concentration, permeability, and electric conductivity of particles were obtained by approximating the particles’ shape as an ellipsoid. Components of the error, which appear inside particles and outside particles in active zone of flow meter, with any canal form are investigated. Expressions of the error are presented assuming that particles are oriented in various directions with respect of the flow direction and are spinning. Different cases of magnetic and electric admixtures properties are discussed. Error expression obtained for flows with nonconductive and nonmagnetic particles coincides with experimental and modelling results obtained by other explorers for flows with air bubbles. Magnetic particles with high electric conductivity are especially dangerous. Extra measurement error in this case greatly depends on the shape of the particle. Measurement error increases if particle shape differs from a sphere. The complementary measurement error can exceed the volume concentration of particles by ten times if the ratio between the longest and the shortest axes of ellipsoid exceeds 3.
Nucleosynthesis constraints on a massive gravitino in neutralino dark matter scenarios

The decays of massive gravitinos into neutralino dark matter particles and Standard Model secondaries during or after Big-Bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) may alter the primordial light-element abundances. We present here details of a new suite of codes for evaluating such effects, including a new treatment based on PYTHIA of the evolution of showers induced by hadronic decays of massive, unstable particles such as a gravitino. We present several sets of results obtained using these codes, including general constraints on the possible lifetime and abundance of an unstable particle decaying into neutralino dark matter under various hypotheses for its decay mechanism. We also develop an analytical treatment of non-thermal hadron propagation in the early universe, and use this to derive analytical estimates for light-element production and in turn on decaying particle lifetimes and abundances, which confirm our numerical results and illuminate the underlying physics. We then consider specifically the case of an unstable massive gravitino within the constrained minimal supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model (CMSSM). We present upper limits on its possible primordial abundance before decay for different possible gravitino masses, with CMSSM parameters along strips where the lightest neutralino provides all the astrophysical cold dark matter density. We do not find any CMSSM solution to the cosmological 7Li problem for small m3/2. Discounting this, for m1/2 ∼ 500 GeV and tan β = 10 the other light-element abundances impose an upper limit m3/2n3/2/nγ ≲ 3 × 10−12 GeV to ≲ 2 × 10−13 GeV for m3/2 = 250 GeV to 1 TeV, which is similar in both the coannihilation and focus-point strips and somewhat weaker for tan β = 50, particularly for larger m1/2. The constraints also weaken in general for larger m3/2, and for m3/2 > 3 TeV we find a narrow range of m3/2n3/2/nγ, at values which increase with m3/2, where the 7Li abundance is marginally compatible with the other light-element abundances.
Mapping and Deployment of Blast Resistance Gene in Rice – A Work in Progress

Rice (Oryza sativa) is one of the major foods for more than 50% of the world’s population. The rice consumer is increasing and demand for rice is also moving up at an alarming rate. Rice production needs to increase more than 40% by 2030 to meet the increase demand for rice (Kush, 2005). The yield potentiality of rice is 10 ton -1 , whereas farmers on an average harvest about 5 ton -1 (Kush and Jena, 2009). Various biotic and abiotic stress limit rice production which ultimately leads to this yield difference. Among the biotic stress, rice blast caused by Magnaporthe oryzae ranked first in the ten most important fungal pathogen explained in the journal of Molecular Plant Pathology. The economic importance of M. oryzae; with over one-half of the world’s population relying on rice as the main source of calories, this pathogen can have destructive effects; however this pathogen has evolved into a seminal model system for the study of plant–pathogen interactions (Dean et al., 2012). The pathogen is most usual on leaves, causing leaf blast during the vegetative stage, International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 7 Number 05 (2018) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Parking Behavior and Policy

Parking policies can play a key role within the broader context of managing transport demand. Private vehicles can spend over 90% of their time parked with considerable consequences for land use and economic activities in urban areas. Drivers cruising for parking have important impacts on traffic congestion, air pollution, and accidents; studies such as Shoup [1] indicate that about a 30% of circulating traffic in cities is looking for somewhere to park. However, research in the field of user behaviour when choosing parking has been limited and management policies have often been developed on an ad hoc basis, ignoring theoretical models or available empirical evidence. In recent decades, a lot of researches into user behavior have been developed in parking choice. In the international literature, important studies are shown that have become a reference for parking management and behavior. Hensher and King [2] reported an important contribution to this research line with the study of the behavior of users of the CBD in Sydney in view of a change in the parking policy (introduction of rates and maximum duration of parking). Additionally, Hess and Polak [3] developed a model in which parking alternatives included the study of illegal parking, to show how it varied if the characteristics of the other types of parking changed. As stated by Shoup, we can no longer continue with the belief that street parking should be free as all urban land areas have a cost for the citizen [4]. These papers generated an important research base on which, during the last years, numerous researches have been developed. Some examples of the latest research carried out in this field are Ibeas et al. [5], where they studied the users’ behavior when building an underground parking garage in Santoña (Spain), or Ahmadi Azari et al. [6], who studied how the different parking pricing policies influenced the choice of parking in Montreal, Canada. This special issue publishes quality papers which can contribute to the understanding of user choice when parking and to the development of parking management policies to help in achieving more sustainable mobility in urban areas. The special issue is focused on the behaviour of users when choosing the type and location of a parking spot with special emphasis on the evaluation of different parking policies. It is about improving our theoretical knowledge of user choice processes when parking, as well as about the different policies that can significantly influence these decisions.
Study on Air-source Heat Pump Heating System Based on Photovoltaic Generation Complementary with Grid

Air-source heat pump heating system based on photovoltaic generation complementary with grid is proposed in this paper. When solar radiation is sufficient, the photovoltaic array provides power to the load. Otherwise, grid smoothly switches into the system to replace the photovoltaic array. The scheme of the system for a heating room is put forward, and the actual system is set up. Comparing with traditional heating method, operation efficiency of the system is improved significantly. Experiment results show that when photovoltaic generation replaces the grid, the distortion rate of load’s current is small, and the system run smoothly.
Technically natural dark energy from Lorentz breaking

We construct a model of dark energy with a technically natural small contribution to cosmic acceleration, i.e. this contribution does not receive corrections from other scales in the theory. The proposed acceleration mechanism appears generically in the low-energy limit of gravity theories with violation of Lorentz invariance that contain a derivatively coupled scalar field Θ. The latter may be the Goldstone field of a broken global symmetry. The model, that we call ΘCDM, is a valid effective field theory up to a high cutoff just a few orders of magnitude below the Planck scale. Furthermore, it can be ultraviolet-completed in the context of Hořava gravity. We discuss the observational predictions of the model. Even in the absence of a cosmological constant term, the expansion history of the Universe is essentially indistinguishable from that of ΛCDM. The difference between the two theories appears at the level of cosmological perturbations. We find that in ΘCDM the matter power spectrum is enhanced at subhorizon scales compared to ΛCDM. This property can be used to discriminate the model from ΛCDM with current cosmological data.
Polynomial Fuzzy Systems: Stability and Control

This chapter extends the well-known "sector nonlinearity" Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy modelling methodology for nonlinear systems to the polynomial framework. The idea is to "embed" the nonlinearities between a convex combination of polynomial vertex models. Once such models are available, stability analysis and control design can be carried out via sum-of-squares optimization. However, the major part of existent results in literature do not pay attention to the validity region of the obtained solution. This chapter addresses such problems in a polynomial framework and presents a methodology in order to estimate the domain of attraction, which improves over classical literature results.
Non-invasive bone biopsy: a new method to analyse and display the three-dimensional structure of trabecular bone

Three-dimensional (3D) structure is one of the main factors influencing the mechanical behaviour of cancellous bone. To analyse the trabecular bone structure nondestructively the authors used a peripheral QCT system and applied a special thin-slice technique to create high-resolution volumetric data sets serving as a basis for something they would like to call noninvasive bone biopsy. In order to obtain binary data sets, the mineralized bone in the CT volume was separated from bone marrow and muscle tissue with the help of a sophisticated 3D segmentation algorithm based on the analysis of directional derivatives, which are computed from a locally approximated fit function of the original CT volume. Binary volumes including either a solid representation of trabecular plates and rods or a topological representation of the cancellous bone architecture were acquired. Such volumes can be processed nondestructively and, even more important, repetitively. By using a surface reconstruction algorithm based on interpolating triangulation it was possible to visualize the 3D surface of the trabecular bone structure. The results showed that surface representation and visualization in combination with a multiple thin-slice measuring technique are valuable tools in studying 3D bone architecture. In the future, the noninvasive bone biopsies will be evaluated by means of 3D mechanical analysis incorporating finite element modelling and direct morphological investigations of the cancellous bone architecture for a better prediction of bone strength as an index for fracture risk or osteoporosis.