Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the microstructure, hardness and electrical conductivity properties of Fe/Graphene compacts

ABSTRACT The effects of graphene nanoplatelets added to pure Fe powders at different rates on microstructure, hardness and electrical conductivity were investigated. Prepared mixed powders were compressed at 700 MPa pressure and sintered at 1250°C. Densities of samples were measured Archimedes technique. Scanning electron microscope was used for microstructure investigations. The hardness was measured according to ASTM E384. Phase types, average crystallite size and dislocation density calculations in sintered samples were made. Electrical resistance measurements were made with the four-point probe measurement technique. Powder mixtures containing ≤5 wt-% graphene nanoplatelets were sintered into compact samples. The smallest grain size, highest dislocation density, highest hardness and electrical conductivity values were obtained in samples containing 2 wt-% of graphene nanoplatelets.
OPTIMIZING ANT COLONY ALGORITHM PARAMETERS USING TAGUCHI METHOD

In the present study, Taguchi Method (TM) is applied to determine the optimum Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) parameters. The Tool Path Optimization (TPO) for drilling a hole pattern on the Printed Circuit Board (PCB) with 220 holes was examined as a case study. Experimental verification shows that, with the optimal ACO parameters the tool path length is reduced about 2 times and the convergence rate is significantly approved against their average values in the initial data. This setting variant is also confirmed to be actually the best in comparison with available ones. This allows to reduce not only time for machining but also the one for program execution.
The extended interacting wind structure of Eta Carinae

The highly eccentric binary system, η Car, provides clues to the transition of massive stars from hydrogen-burning via the CNO cycle to a helium-burning evolutionary state. The fastmoving wind of η Car B creates a cavity in η Car A’s slower, but more massive, stellar wind, providing an in situ probe. The Hubble Space Telescope/Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (HST/STIS), with its high spatial and spectral resolutions, is well matched to follow temporal spatial and velocity variations of multiple wind features. We use observations obtained across 1998–2004 to produce a rudimentary three-dimensional model of the wind interaction in the η Car system. Broad (±500 km s −1 )[ FeII] emission line structures extend 0.7 arcsec (∼1600 au) from the stellar core. In contrast, [Fe III], [Ar III], [Ne III] and [S III] lines extend only 0.3 arcsec (700 au) from NE to SW and are blue shifted from −500 to +200 km s −1 . All observed spectral features vary with the 5.54-year orbital period. The highly ionized, forbidden emission disappears during the low state, associated with periastron passage. The high-ionization emission originates in the outer wind interaction region that is directly excited by the far-ultraviolet radiation from η Car B. The HST/STIS spectra reveal a time-varying, distorted paraboloidal structure, caused by the interaction of the massive stellar winds. The model and observations are consistent with the orbital plane aligned with the skirt of the Homunculus. However, the axis of the distorted paraboloid, relative to the major axis of the binary orbit, is shifted in a prograde rotation along the plane, which projected on the sky is from NE to NW.
DNA Ligase 4 Contributes to Cell Proliferation against DNA-PK Inhibition in MYCN-Amplified Neuroblastoma IMR32 Cells

Identifying the vulnerability of altered DNA repair machinery that displays synthetic lethality with MYCN amplification is a therapeutic rationale in unfavourable neuroblastoma. However, none of the inhibitors for DNA repair proteins are established as standard therapy in neuroblastoma. Here, we investigated whether DNA-PK inhibitor (DNA-PKi) could inhibit the proliferation of spheroids derived from neuroblastomas of MYCN transgenic mice and MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma cell lines. DNA-PKi exhibited an inhibitory effect on the proliferation of MYCN-driven neuroblastoma spheroids, whereas variable sensitivity was observed in those cell lines. Among them, the accelerated proliferation of IMR32 cells was dependent on DNA ligase 4 (LIG4), which comprises the canonical non-homologous end-joining pathway of DNA repair. Notably, LIG4 was identified as one of the worst prognostic factors in patients with MYCN-amplified neuroblastomas. It may play complementary roles in DNA-PK deficiency, suggesting the therapeutic potential of LIG4 inhibition in combination with DNA-PKi for MYCN-amplified neuroblastomas to overcome resistance to multimodal therapy.
A Physiological Control System for Pulsatile Ventricular Assist Device Using an Energy-Efficient Deep Reinforcement Learning Method

Pulsatile ventricular assist device (PVAD) is a blood pump used to assist the circulation support of the native heart. Because of patients’ complex physiological environment, PVAD’s control system requires high adaptive ability and low computational energy. However, traditional PID controllers do not possess sufficient adaptive ability. Although neural network controllers are with high adaptive ability, their extensive energy cost limits the applications. In this study, a PVAD physiological control system based on deep reinforcement learning (DRL) is proposed, which significantly improves the system’s adaptive ability. To further reduce its energy cost, a new energy-efficient DRL method, AddTD3, is developed, in which the fully connected network (FC) with high computation complexity is replaced by energy-efficient AdderNet. Experimental results show that the proposed AddTD3 controller is with higher adaptive ability than the traditional PID controller (cumulative absolute error: 237.1 versus 484.3 mmHg) and can be migrated to the mock circulation system (MCS) without fine-tuning. It can reduce the energy cost of the traditional DRL algorithm TD3 to 44.8% without reducing the performance (8773.2 versus 22420.4 pJ).
Utility of DNA Methylation as a Biomarker in Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease

Epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation have been implicated in a number of diseases including cancer, heart disease, autoimmune disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases. While it is recognized that DNA methylation is tissue-specific, a limitation for many studies is the ability to sample the tissue of interest, which is why there is a need for a proxy tissue such as blood, that is reflective of the methylation state of the target tissue. In the last decade, DNA methylation has been utilized in the design of epigenetic clocks, which aim to predict an individual’s biological age based on an algorithmically defined set of CpGs. A number of studies have found associations between disease and/or disease risk with increased biological age, adding weight to the theory of increased biological age being linked with disease processes. Hence, this review takes a closer look at the utility of DNA methylation as a biomarker in aging and disease, with a particular focus on Alzheimer’s disease.
Concurrent Validity and Test–Retest Reliability of Pressure-Detecting Insoles for Static and Dynamic Movements in Healthy Young Adults

Compared to force-plates, pressure-detecting insoles have the advantage that vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) can be estimated under field rather than laboratory conditions. However, the question arises whether insoles also provide valid and reliable results compared to a force-plate (i.e., the gold standard). The study aimed to investigate the concurrent validity and test–retest reliability of pressure-detecting insoles during static and dynamic movements. Twenty-two healthy young adults (12 females) performed standing, walking, running, and jumping movements while simultaneously collecting pressure (GP MobilData WiFi, GeBioM mbH, Münster, Germany) and force (Kistler®) data twice, 10 days apart. Concerning validity, ICC values showed excellent agreement (ICC > 0.75), irrespective of the test condition. Further, the insoles underestimated (mean bias: −4.41 to −37.15%) most of the vGRF variables. Concerning reliability, ICC values for nearly all test conditions also showed excellent agreement, and the SEM was rather low. Lastly, most of the MDC95% values were low (≤5%). The predominantly excellent ICC values for between-devices (i.e., concurrent validity) and between-visits (i.e., test–retest reliability) comparisons suggest that the tested pressure-detecting insoles can be used under field-based conditions for a valid and reliable estimation of relevant vGRF variables during standing, walking, running, and jumping.
Review of Feeding Systems Affecting Production, Carcass Attributes, and Meat Quality of Ovine and Caprine Species

Growth rate, carcass attributes, and meat quality traits of small ruminants (i.e., sheep and goats) depend on various factors, among which the feeding system is one of the most important factors. However, how feeding systems affect these parameters differ between sheep and goats. Therefore, this review aimed to evaluate the differences in how different feeding systems affect the growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of sheep and goats. It also explored the effects of a new finishing strategy—time-limited grazing with supplements on these traits. Compared with stalled feeding, finishing lambs/kids on pasture-only feed reduced the average daily gain (ADG) and carcass yield, while supplemented-grazing lambs/kids had near-equivalent or higher ADG and carcass attributes. Pasture-grazing increased the meat flavor intensity and healthy fatty acid content (HFAC) of lamb/kid meat. Supplemental grazing lambs had comparable or superior meat sensory attributes and increased meat protein and HFAC compared to stall-fed ones. In contrast, supplemental grazing only improved the meat color of kids but had little effect on other meat qualities. Moreover, time-limited grazing with supplemental concentrates increased the carcass yield and meat quality in lamb meat. Overall, the effects of different feeding systems on growth performance and carcass traits were comparable between sheep and goats but differed in terms of the meat quality.
Age and Sex Determine Electrocardiogram Parameters in the Octodon degus

Simple Summary Cardiovascular diseases represent the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, and age is an important contributing factor. Preclinical models are crucial for exploring and understanding the physiology of the heart and age-related changes, as well as cardiac pathological aspects. In line with this, the Octodon degus (O. degus) is a diurnal rodent that has been claimed as an interesting model for aging research. However, several aspects of this experimental model are not fully characterized yet. In this work, we evaluated the cardiac electric activity by electrocardiogram recording in the aging process, considering differences between males and females. We provide the normal ranges for the heart rate, duration and voltage of the ECG waves and intervals, as well as electrical axis deviation. Our results demonstrate that both age and sex influence the cardiac function and the incidence of arrhythmias. Therefore, this research indicates that this rodent model could be useful for cardiovascular research, including impacts of aging and biological sex. Abstract Cardiovascular diseases represent the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, and age is an important risk factor. Preclinical models provide supportive evidence toward age-related cardiac changes, as well as allow for the study of pathological aspects of the disease. In the present work, we evaluated the electrocardiogram (ECG) recording in the O. degus during the aging process in both females and males. Taking into account the age and sex, our study provides the normal ranges for the heart rate, duration and voltage of the ECG waves and intervals, as well as electrical axis deviation. We found that the QRS complex duration and QTc significantly increased with age, whereas the heart rate significantly decreased. On the other hand, the P wave, PR and QTc segments durations, S wave voltage and electrical axis were found to be significantly different between males and females. The heart rhythm was also altered in aged animals, resulting in an increased incidence of arrhythmias, especially in males. Based on these results, we suggest that this rodent model could be useful for cardiovascular research, including impacts of aging and biological sex.
Stochastic Model Calibration Based on Measurements from Different Experiments

The calibration of a heterogeneous material model can be formulated as a search for probabilistic description of its parameters providing the distribution of the model response corresponding to the distribution of the observed data. This contribution is focused on developing a method for identification of parameters along with their variations based on combining measurements from different types of destructive experiments.
Understanding Stokes forces in the wave‐averaged equations

The wave-averaged, or Craik-Leibovich, equations describe the dynamics of upper ocean flow interacting with nonbreaking, not steep, surface gravity waves. This paper formulates the wave effects in these equations in terms of three contributions to momentum: Stokes advection, Stokes Coriolis force, and Stokes shear force. Each contribution scales with a distinctive parameter. Moreover, these contributions affect the turbulence energetics differently from each other such that the classification of instabilities is possible accordingly. Stokes advection transfers energy between turbulence and Eulerian mean-flow kinetic energy, and its form also parallels the advection of tracers such as salinity, buoyancy, and potential vorticity. Stokes shear force transfers energy between turbulence and surface waves. The Stokes Coriolis force can also transfer energy between turbulence and waves, but this occurs only if the Stokes drift fluctuates. Furthermore, this formulation elucidates the unique nature of Stokes shear force and also allows direct comparison of Stokes shear force with buoyancy. As a result, the classic Langmuir instabilities of Craik and Leibovich, wave-balanced fronts and filaments, Stokes perturbations of symmetric and geostrophic instabilities, the wavy Ekman layer, and the wavy hydrostatic balance are framed in terms of intuitive physical balances.
Low regularity well-posedness for some nonlinear Dirac equations in one space dimension

We prove that the Cauchy problem for a nonlinear Dirac equation with vector self-interaction (Thirring model) and for a nonlinear system of two Dirac equations coupled through a vector-vector interaction (Federbusch model) are locally well-posed, in one space dimension, for initial data in Sobolev spaces of almost critical dimension, i.e., in He, the critical space being L2, and globally well-posed for initial data in H1/2+e, for any e > 0. We also consider a nonlinear Dirac equation with quadratic nonlinearity which was studied earlier by S. Machihara and N. Bournaveas. We prove that the Cauchy problem for this equation is locally well-posed for initial data in He.
Signs of Stress: Identifying Indicators of Financial Distress in the Chinese Securities Market

This conceptual paper aims to explore the signs of stress and identify key indicators of financial distress within the Chinese securities market. With China's rapidly growing economy and evolving financial landscape, understanding the signals of potential market downturns and identifying early warning signs of financial distress is crucial for investors, policymakers, and market regulators. By analyzing a comprehensive range of financial and macroeconomic variables, this study aims to uncover robust indicators of financial distress specific to the Chinese securities market context. The findings of this research can inform the development of proactive risk management strategies and contribute to the overall stability and resilience of the Chinese securities market.
On Complexity Issue of Online Learning

In this paper, some new probabilistic upper bounds are presented for the online learning algorithm proposed in (1), and more generally for linear stochastic approximations in Hilbert spaces. With these upper bounds not only does one recover almost sure convergence, but also relaxes the square summable condition on the step size appeared in our early work. We also give two probabilistic upper bounds for an averaging process, both of which achieve the same rate with respect to sample size as in "batch learning" algorithms.
A Soft-Sensing Model of Cement-Specific Surface Area Based on MTENet

Due to the prominent time-delay problem in the data characteristics of the cement grinding process, traditional soft-sensing models are difficult to effectively deal with this problem, leading to low measurement accuracy. We propose a soft-sensing method based on Multistep Time Extraction Network (MTENet). This method can effectively handle the time-delay problem, thus realizing the accurate soft-sensing of the cement-specific surface area. The encoder contains a new time feature extraction unit we proposed, which can effectively solve the time-delay problem of feature data through a clever combination with ConvLSTM. We also introduce parallel units to make the network aware of the surface area values. In the decoder part, we adopt the method of concatenating parallel features to ensure the accuracy of the final decoding result. Compared with some representative models on real data, the experimental results show that MTENet has a higher accuracy in cement-specific surface area soft-sensing.
Design and Psychophysical Evaluation of a Novel Wearable Upper-Arm Tactile Display Device

A novel wearable upper arm tactile display device, which can simultaneously provide three types of tactile stimuli (i.e., squeezing, stretching, and vibration) is presented. The squeezing and stretching stimulation of the skin is generated by two motors simultaneously driving the nylon belt in the opposite and the same direction, respectively. In addition, four evenly spaced vibration motors are fixed around the user’s arm by an elastic nylon band. There is also a unique structural design for assembling the control module and actuator, powered by two lithium batteries, making it portable and wearable. Psychophysical experiments are conducted to investigate the effect of interference on the perception of squeezing and stretching stimulation by this device. Results show that (1) different tactile stimuli actually interfere with the user’s perception compared to the case where only one stimulus is applied to the user; (2) the squeezing has a considerable impact on the stretch just noticeable difference (JND) values when both stimuli are exerted on the user, and when the squeezing is strong, while the impact of stretch on the squeezing JND values is negligible.
The Midpoint Method of Numerical Integration

It is a noteworthy fact that while virtually all calculus texts and numerical analysis books discuss the trapezoidal method of numerical integration they ignore one which is simpler to use and generally superior to the trapezoidal-namely the midpoint rectangular method. The midpoint method also may be used with the trapezoidal method to obtain bounds for an integral in some cases. The midpoint method is an application of the Newton-Cotes "open" formulas with one point. The trapezoidal and midpoint methods over one interval of length h are given respectively in the following equations:
Impacting Instruments for Export Competitiveness: Evidence from India and China in the Global Manufacturing Market

This study attempts to find the impacting instruments of export competitiveness for India and China by utilizing the revealed comparative advantage index and panel data regression during 2001–2020. The top 10 product groups at HS two-digit level were selected for analysis in the sample economies. The results revealed that random effect analysis remained more significant than the fixed effect for these economies. The random effect analysis showed that the top positively impacting variables with a high magnitude for Chinese export competitiveness are foreign direct investment (FDI) and research and development (R&D), followed by relative export prices (REP). The wage rate is the only factor that remained negative in magnitude for China. On the other hand, India tried to absorb FDI toward making the domestic market strong along with R&D, which has significantly impacted its growing competitiveness in the global market. REP negatively impacted Indian competitiveness with a high magnitude, followed by the real effective exchange rate. China has remained entirely integrated with the international market through joint ventures and multi-national companies and has promoted its exports in an improved form in the global market as compared to India. Moreover, China remained quite active in promoting the competitiveness of its manufactured product lines through investing in R&D and gross fixed capital formation, which contributed a significant part to its export competitiveness. In contrast, such investments remained relatively unresponsive for India. JEL Classification C33, F14, F15, F19
Conceptualizing Synergies Between SEO Practices and UX Design for Enhanced Website Usability and Engagement

Search Engine Optimization (SEO) and User Experience (UX) Design are critical aspects of digital marketing and web development, respectively. Although traditionally viewed as separate disciplines, recent trends suggest a growing convergence between the two. This paper explores the conceptual synergies between SEO practices and UX design and their potential to significantly enhance website usability and engagement.
Influence of Variable Chloride/Sulfur Doses as Part of Potassium Fertilization on Nitrogen Use Efficiency by Coffee

Chloride (Cl−) is applied in coffee at rates as a “macronutrient” in the form of muriate of potash (MOP). Potassium (K+) is one of the most demanded nutrients by the coffee plant, and MOP is one of the most used fertilizers in coffee production. No scientific evidence shows how Cl− applied with MOP influences coffee growth, nutrient uptake, and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). In order to address these questions, a greenhouse trial over two years and a field trial over four years were conducted. The trials were designed to test the influence of variable Cl−/S ratios on biomass accumulation, nutrient uptake, and NUE. A significant effect of the Cl− rates on growth was observed under greenhouse conditions but a non-significant effect on yield under field conditions. Cl− and S significantly influenced the NUE in coffee. The results allow us to conclude that Cl− rates need to be balanced with S rates, and that Cl− applied at macronutrient rates can improve the NUE in coffee between 7 and 21% in greenhouse conditions and between 9% and 14% in field conditions, as long as the rates do not exceed 180 mg L−1 Cl− and 80 mg·L−1 S in the greenhouse and 150 kg·ha−1·year−1 Cl− and 50 kg ha−1·year−1 S in the field. With the aim to improve the NUE in coffee, the Cl− content in leaves in coffee should be lower than 0.33% of dry matter, and in soil lower than 30 mg·L−1. In practical terms, coffee farmers need to balance K-based fertilizers to avoid the excessive Cl− applications that reduce the nutrient use efficiency, especially the NUE.
Some comparability results for waiting times in single- and many-server queues

It is shown that the stationary waiting time random variables W′, W″ of two M/G/l queueing systems for which the corresponding service time random variables satisfy E(S ′−x)+ ≦ E(S ″−x)+ (all x >0), are stochastically ordered as W ′≦d W ″. The weaker conclusion, that E(W ′−x)+ ≦ E(W ″−x)+ (all x > 0), is shown to hold in GI/M/k systems when the interarrival time random variables satisfy E(x−T ′)+ ≦ E(x−T ″)+ (all x). A sufficient condition for wk ≡EW in GI/D/k to be monotonic in k for a sequence of k-server queues with the same relative traffic intensity is given. Evidence indicating or refuting possible strengthenings of some of the results is indicated.