Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Retrospective Investigations of Recurring Histomonosis on a Turkey Farm

SUMMARY. The ban of effective feed additives and therapeutics in the European Union and in other parts of the world led to a dramatic increase of histomonosis in turkeys. Despite the impact of the disease on the health and welfare of poultry, many questions remain open regarding the epidemiology of the pathogen. In this study, we retrospectively monitored a farm with recurring cases of histomonosis to identify possible routes of pathogen introduction and predisposing factors that may influence the disease development. We included 32 consecutive turkey flocks, which were fattened between 2007 and 2021 on the same farm under the same management and housing conditions. During this period, Histomonas meleagridis was detected in eight flocks of toms and four flocks of hens with a high variability in disease development. Outbreaks in toms led to significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher mortality rates (5.3%–98.3%) than in hens (2.6%–6.1%). Most of the outbreaks (9/12) were diagnosed between June and September with a peak in August, suggesting a possible impact of higher temperatures either on the host or on the pathogen and pathogen-transmitting vectors. Further investigation is necessary to determine why hens might cope better with histomonosis than toms. Continuous flock and hygiene management is important to prevent an introduction of the causative pathogen and to control potential vectors. RESUMEN. Investigaciones retrospectivas de histomoniasis recurrente en una granja de pavos. La prohibición de aditivos alimentarios y productos terapéuticos efectivos en la Unión Europea y en otras partes del mundo condujo a un aumento dramático de histomoniasis en pavos. A pesar del impacto de la enfermedad en la salud y el bienestar de las aves, quedan muchas interrogantes abiertas con respecto a la epidemiología del patógeno. En este estudio, se monitoreó retrospectivamente una granja con casos recurrentes de histomoniasis para identificar posibles rutas de introducción de patógenos y factores predisponentes que puedan influir en el desarrollo de la enfermedad. Se incluyeron 32 lotes de pavos consecutivos, que fueron engordados entre 2007 y 2021 en la misma granja bajo las mismas condiciones de manejo y alojamiento. Durante este período, se detectó Histomonas meleagridis en ocho parvadas de machos y cuatro parvadas de gallinas con una alta variabilidad en el desarrollo de la enfermedad. Los brotes en machos llevaron a tasas de mortalidad significativamente más altas (P ≤ 0.05) (5.3 %– - 98.3 %) que en gallinas (2.6 %– - 6.1 %). La mayoría de los brotes (9/12) se diagnosticaron entre junio y septiembre con un pico en agosto, lo que sugiere un posible impacto de las temperaturas más altas sobre el huésped o en el patógeno y los vectores transmisores del patógeno. Se necesita más investigación para determinar por qué las gallinas pueden sobrellevar mejor la histomoniasis que los machos. El manejo continuo de la parvada y la higiene es importante para prevenir la introducción del patógeno causante y controlar a los vectores potenciales.
MIMO Antenna Array in 5G Communication

The main topics of this study are the fundamental operation of a MIMO antenna array and the benefits of using MIMO technology for 5G communication. Three significant works are recognized as benchmarks by outlining the component sets and spatial reuse that designers should consider in MIMO antenna design. For 5G low and medium frequencies, these include an 8x8 large-scale MIMO antenna array and a circular binary MIMO antenna array. In these designs, the design of the MIMO antenna array will be carried out based on the introduction of the design and parameter selection of the antenna array elements as a priority. Additionally, this study conducts a performance analysis of a multi-cell, Massive MIMO antenna array system, which serves as a high reference point for the Analysis of this system. Numerous possible application domains exist for the study object of this work, including hotspot situations and 3D coverage scenarios. Campus, shopping malls, and halls are examples of hotspot environments.
Kinematic Parameters That Can Discriminate in Levels of Functionality in the Six-Minute Walk Test in Patients with Heart Failure with a Preserved Ejection Fraction

It is a challenge to manage and assess heart failure with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (HFpEF) patients. Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) is used in this clinical population as a functional test. The objective of the study was to assess gait and kinematic parameters in HFpEF patients during the 6MWT with an inertial sensor and to discriminate patients according to their performance in the 6MWT: (1) walk more or less than 300 m, (2) finish or stop the test, (3) women or men and (4) fallen or did not fall in the last year. A cross-sectional study was performed in patients with HFpEF older than 70 years. 6MWT was carried out in a closed corridor larger than 30 m. Two Shimmer3 inertial sensors were used in the chest and lumbar region. Pure kinematic parameters analysed were angular velocity and linear acceleration in the three axes. Using these data, an algorithm calculated gait kinematic parameters: total distance, lap time, gait speed and step and stride variables. Two analyses were done according to the performance. Student’s t-test measured differences between groups and receiver operating characteristic assessed discriminant ability. Seventy patients performed the 6MWT. Step time, step symmetry, stride time and stride symmetry in both analyses showed high AUC values (>0.75). More significant differences in velocity and acceleration in the maximum Y axis or vertical movements. Three pure kinematic parameters obtained good discriminant capacity (AUC > 0.75). The new methodology proved differences in gait and pure kinematic parameters that can distinguish two groups according to the performance in the 6MWT and they had discriminant capacity.
Interferometry for the LISA technology package LTP: an update

This paper gives an update on the status of the LISA technology package (LTP) which is to be launched in 2009 by ESA as a technology demonstration mission for the space- borne gravitational wave observatory LISA. The dominant noise source in the interferometer prototype has been investigated and improved such that it is now comfortably below its budget at all frequencies.
Ideal Advanced Amplifier Technology

A signal's amplitude or strength can be increased using an amplifier, which is a crucial component of signal processing in automation technology tools. The energy source is controlled using the input data, and the energy source also supplies the power needed for amplification. This results in the amplification of the amplifier. Although the amplifiers sold in the market are of good quality, the circuits are complicated and expensive, which are not easily accepted by consumers. By improving the technology of today's amplifiers and striving towards ideal amplifiers, that is, noise-free, with infinite gain, infinite input impedance, zero bias current, and zero detuning voltage, regardless of package size, energy conversion efficiency can greatly improve energy conversion efficiency and reduce energy consumption. The improvement of the amplifier process itself, the reduction of cost and power consumption are also driving the communication technology and the overall technology of human beings to a new level.
Antifungal and Immunomodulatory Ingredients from Traditional Chinese Medicine

Fungal infections have become a growing public health challenge due to the clinical transmission of pathogenic fungi. The currently available antifungal drugs leave very limited choices for clinical physicians to deal with such situation, not to mention the long-standing problems of emerging drug resistance, side effects and heavy economic burdens imposed to patients. Therefore, new antifungal drugs are urgently needed. Screening drugs from natural products and using synthetic biology strategies are very promising for antifungal drug development. Chinese medicine is a vast library of natural products of biologically active molecules. According to traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theory, preparations used to treat fungal diseases usually have antifungal and immunomodulatory functions. This suggests that if antifungal drugs are used in combination with immunomodulatory drugs, better results may be achieved. Studies have shown that the active components of TCM have strong antifungal or immunomodulatory effects and have broad application prospects. In this paper, the latest research progress of antifungal and immunomodulatory components of TCM is reviewed and discussed, hoping to provide inspiration for the design of novel antifungal compounds and to open up new horizons for antifungal treatment strategies.
Bug detection in Java code: An extensive evaluation of static analysis tools using Juliet Test Suites

Previous studies have demonstrated the usefulness of employing automated static analysis tools (ASAT) and techniques to detect security bugs in software systems. However, these studies are usually focused on analyzing the effectiveness of the tools using open‐source tools based on C/C++ source code. The choice for making an appropriate decision on the most suitable tool for bug detection in Java code software remains a relatively unexplored domain. To address this deficiency, this study empirically evaluates eight widely used ASATs, namely, Findbug, PMD, YASCA, LAPSE+, JLint, Bandera, ESC/Java, and Java Pathfinder using the Juliet Test Suite (Test Suite v1.2). Additionally, we assessed the performance of the detection capabilities for the aforementioned bug detection tools using robust performance measures such as precision, recall, Youden index, and the OWASP web benchmark evaluation (WBE). The experimental results show that the tools obtain precision values ranging from 83% to 90.7% based on the studied datasets. Specifically, the Java Pathfinder achieves the best precision score of 90.7%, followed by YASCA and Bandera with a precision score of 88.7% and 83%, respectively. Similarly, Bandera, ESC/Java, and Java Pathfinder obtain a Youden index of 0.8, which indicates the effectiveness of the tools in detecting security bugs in Java source code.
Finger Cooling During Cold Air Exposure

Abstract This paper presents a method for predicting the onset of finger freezing. It is an extension of a tissue-cooling model originally developed to predict the onset of cheek freezing. The extension to the finger is presented as a more conservative warning of wind chill. Indeed, guidance on the risk of finger freezing is important not only to safeguard the finger, but also because it pertains more closely to susceptible facial features, such as the nose, than if only the risk of cheek freezing was provided. The importance of blood flow to the finger and the modeling of vaso-constriction are demonstrated through cooling predictions that agree reasonably well with several reported observations. Differences in the prediction between the present physiologic-based model and the engineering model used to develop the wind chill index are also discussed. New wind chill charts are presented that tabulate the mean cooling rates and corresponding onset times to freezing of the finger for various combinations of .
High-performance computing VLSI system for bit-parallel exponentiation in GF(2m)

Finite or Galois fields are used in numerous applications like error correcting codes in digital communication, pseudorandom number generation and cryptography. These applications often require computing exponentiation in which is a very computationally intensive operation. This article presents a high-performance computing method for performing exponentiation in . The key contribution of this article is to extend the bit-parallel structure for multiplication and division where bits of operands are processed at the same time, each bit traveling over a different path in the circuits to perform exponentiation. In addition, we also simplify the structure of parallel modules and pipelining stages in the proposed bit-parallel structure for exponentiation by considering the properties of and hardwiring many constant terms. The circuit architecture for the developed structure is shown for the example case of , and compared with existing approaches with respect to latency, hardware cost, area, delay, throughput and power dissipation for to . The results show that the proposed system has a low latency, hardware costs, area, delay and power dissipation that do not increase rapidly with increasing and a high throughput that does not decrease rapidly as increases compared with existing approaches.
A review of planar antennas for millimeter wave 5G network

In order that wide implement of 5G network is realizable in the future, special features in the propagation of millimeter wave is required, which are much different from that of current operating 4G network and still have great potential to explore. As a result, the antennas used in future 5G network will be much more sophisticated in design and will need a lot of frontier technologies. The key factors in 5G millimeter wave antenna design are reconfigurable antennas, beamforming, antenna array, orbital angular momentum antennas, meta-surface antennas and massive MIMO. The purpose of this work is to illustrate some designing idea of planar antennas used in 5G millimeter wave network by presenting some of the contemporary theoretical and practical design idea investigated by this paper. Since currently there is great amount of research ongoing in this field, this paper can serve as a brief guide and introduction for those who are interested in 5G planar antennas to get a picture of the latest theories and technologies used in those designs.
K-shell photodetachment from C ¿ : Experiment and theory

K-shell photodetachment from C{sup -} has been investigated in the photon energy range between 280 and 285 eV using the merged ion-beam-photon-beam technique. C{sup -} ions were produced using a Cs sputtering negative-ion source, while the photons were produced by the undulator beam line 10.0. 1 of the Advanced Light Source. C{sup +} ions formed by double detachment were detected as a function of incident photon energy. Using this collinear arrangement, the relative cross sections were measured and compared with theoretical predictions. The measured spectrum shows the first experimental evidence of the 1s2s{sup 2}2p{sup 4}({sup 4}P) shape resonance near 281.7 eV, which is in excellent agreement with two independent R-matrix calculations for the 1s photodetachment cross section of C{sup -} producing C{sup +}.
Visibility enhancement for robust tracking under bad weather

In this paper, we present a novel method for visibility enhancement based on atmospheric scattering imaging models. Given only a single degraded image, we firstly estimate global atmospheric light vector based on dark channel prior. Then fast bilateral filter is used to deduce atmospheric veil, which is the key contribution of this paper. Following these, the ideal scene radiance could be recovered by directly solving physics-based imaging equation finally. The main advantage of our weather removal algorithm is that, it does not require any a priori scene structure, distributions of scene reflectance, or detailed knowledge about the particular weather condition, and could achieve similar or better restoration results with only a fraction of time consumption in contrast to state-of-art techniques both for color and grey images. Experiments results demonstrate that out algorithm could significantly enhance the details of hazy images, which is very important for features extraction and robust tracking for out-door vision system.
Deep learning‐based multimodal fusion network for segmentation and classification of breast cancers using B‐mode and elastography ultrasound images

Abstract Ultrasonography is one of the key medical imaging modalities for evaluating breast lesions. For differentiating benign from malignant lesions, computer‐aided diagnosis (CAD) systems have greatly assisted radiologists by automatically segmenting and identifying features of lesions. Here, we present deep learning (DL)‐based methods to segment the lesions and then classify benign from malignant, utilizing both B‐mode and strain elastography (SE‐mode) images. We propose a weighted multimodal U‐Net (W‐MM‐U‐Net) model for segmenting lesions where optimum weight is assigned on different imaging modalities using a weighted‐skip connection method to emphasize its importance. We design a multimodal fusion framework (MFF) on cropped B‐mode and SE‐mode ultrasound (US) lesion images to classify benign and malignant lesions. The MFF consists of an integrated feature network (IFN) and a decision network (DN). Unlike other recent fusion methods, the proposed MFF method can simultaneously learn complementary information from convolutional neural networks (CNNs) trained using B‐mode and SE‐mode US images. The features from the CNNs are ensembled using the multimodal EmbraceNet model and DN classifies the images using those features. The experimental results (sensitivity of 100 ± 0.00% and specificity of 94.28 ± 7.00%) on the real‐world clinical data showed that the proposed method outperforms the existing single‐ and multimodal methods. The proposed method predicts seven benign patients as benign three times out of five trials and six malignant patients as malignant five out of five trials. The proposed method would potentially enhance the classification accuracy of radiologists for breast cancer detection in US images.
The promotional regime of visibility: Ambivalence and contradiction in strategies of dominance and resistance

In this article, we explore the tensions and blurred boundaries between dominance and resistance in promotional contexts by critically examining the notion of ‘visibility’, a commonly used yet largely unproblematised concept within the field of promotion. More specifically, we argue that contemporary promotional industries sustain and perpetuate a post-panoptical ‘regime of visibility’ underpinned by three modalities: (1) visibility as recognition, which associates being watched with empowerment while downplaying it as surveillance; (2) visibility as transient, which stresses visibility as a scarce resource that requires continuous work; and (3) and visibility as an end-goal, that is, as an end in itself rather than means to achieve something else. Acknowledging the existence of this regime opens up avenues for a productive analysis of the coexistence and mutual constitution of dominance and resistance within promotion in the digitalised communication environment, beyond debates about ‘authenticity’ or ‘woke washing’. We note that promotional industries structure visibility as a desirable and even inevitable requirement for both reinforcing and reconfiguring social arrangements. Consequently, they foster a mirage that celebrates the actions of individuals without actually producing meaningful change, while obscuring invisibility as an equally valid strategy of resistance.
SALAMMBO: A three‐dimensional simulation of the proton radiation belt

Using diffusion theory, we give the first results for a three-dimensional model of the proton radiation belt. This is based on the numerical solution of a diffusion equation which takes into account the cosmic ray albedo neutron decay source, deceleration of protons by the free and bounded electrons of the medium, the charge exchange loss process, and radial diffusion by magnetic and electric field perturbations. This model used in static conditions gives results which are in a good agreement with those of NASA's AP8 model. However, a better knowledge of thermospheric densities, radial diffusion, and improved measurements of proton flux near synchronous orbit altitudes may be necessary to improve future model results. We prove that an external boundary condition, which plays the part of an injection source, is essential to radiation belt existence and explains the effect of solar activity and magnetotail dynamics on radiation belt dynamics.
Current Situation and Hotspot Analysis of Blended Teaching based on Bibliometrics

With the rapid development of information technology and data science, blended teaching has received widespread attention. It has both the dual advantages of offline traditional teaching and online learning, and its flexible organization, diversified resource forms and interactive ways are favored by many educational researchers at home and abroad. In order to understand the development status and hot spots of blended learning more intuitively and clearly, this paper takes the research papers of blended learning in the recent ten years from the Web of Science database as samples to quantitatively analyze the literature quantity distribution and development situation of blended learning. The bibliometric tool CiteSpace was used for visual analysis, and the evolution trend of blended teaching research content was sorted out by keyword co-occurrence analysis and cluster analysis. This paper further summarizes the development hotspots of blended learning.
Establishment of A Novel Paclitaxel-Resistant Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cell Line

Objective: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the most aggressive subtypes of breast cancer, and is associated with poor prognosis. Paclitaxel, a microtubule-binding agent, and chemotherapeutic agent, has been widely used in the management of TNBC. However, acquired chemoresistance is one of the main obstacles leading to ineffective TNBC treatment. Therefore, this study aimed to establish and characterize paclitaxel-resistant triple-negative breast cancer cell lines for investigating the molecular mechanisms of drug resistance. Material and Methods: Hs578T cancer cell lines were used to develop paclitaxel-resistant (Hs578T-PR) cells, via repeated exposure to increasing concentrations of paclitaxel in a stepwise manner. Drug response and growth curves were then measured by Sulforhodamine B assay. Changes in cell morphology were examined by microscopy. Furthermore, expression of mRNA, related to molecular mechanisms in drug-resistant cells, was identified by using real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Results: The Hs578T-PR cell lines were successfully established in just 4 months. They were highly resistant to paclitaxel, with their IC50 and resistance index at 72.8±3.08 nM and 7.4-folds, respectively, compared to the parental cells. For identifying molecular mechanisms underlining paclitaxel resistance, using the RT-qPCR analysis, it was found that Hs578T-PR cells exhibited kinesin family member 3C overexpression. Furthermore, the pro-apoptotic protein BAX was down-regulated; whereas the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 was up-regulated in Hs578T-PR cells. Conclusion: Novel, highly paclitaxel-resistant (Hs578T-PR) cell lines established in this study could represent a useful model for identifying the molecular mechanisms of chemoresistance, and for evaluating the efficacy of novel anti-cancer drugs to overcome chemoresistance in TNBC. ­­