Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Towards Predictive Modeling and Optimization of Machining Operations

The objective of this paper is to introduce an applied systems approach for prediction and optimization of machining performance. Current techniques for assessing machining performance are highly localized and traditionally biased towards the work material. An integrated systems approach is proposed for a reliable and consistent assessment of applied machining performance (AMP). Three areas, namely: fundamental modeling, applied modeling and optimization, are focused on. Fundamental modeling entails generic predictive models for machining performance measures (cutting forces/torque/power, tool-wear/tool-life, chip form/chip breakability, surface roughness/surface integrity, part accuracy, etc.). Applied modeling involves application of the generic models to a specific machining system, including the interactions of the three major elements: workpiece, machine tool and cutting tool. The subsequent step of optimization predicts the optimized machining performance (OMP).
Survey of photoneutron emitted from 6MV, 10MV, and 15MV medical LINAC using nuclear track detection

Background: Medical linear accelerators (LINAC) can produce unwanted photoneutrons that might cause tissue damage or cancer in other organs. The efficient techniques and detectors are importantly required to detect these harmful neutrons. Objectives: This study aimed to measure photoneutrons produced from medical LINAC of 6, 10, and 15 megavolts (MV). Materials and methods: Nuclear track detector (CR-39 detectors) were employed to quantify the number of neutrons from LINACs. The X-ray energies, doses, and radiation techniques were varied to compare the number of neutrons. The photoneutron productions inside the LINAC room were also examined. Results: The results showed that there were no neutrons from medical LINAC 6 MV, whereas photoneutrons could be detected from 10 and 15 MV LINAC. Radiotherapeutic techniques with moving multi-leaf collimator (MLC) produced higher photoneutron than techniques without using MLC. The neutrons were detected on the walls of the LINAC room. Conclusion: X-ray energy greater than 10 MeV generated undesired photoneutrons that can penetrate the shielding and increase the patient dose. For the safety of staff to re-enter the treatment room, delaying time should be considered for the neutron decay process
Performance Evaluation of Self-optimising Mobile Radio Networks in Realistic Scenarios

Currently, mobile radio network operators face decreasing per user revenues while at the same time capacity demands on mobile radio networks rise. Furthermore, network complexity increases as technology evolves and the simultaneous operation of several networks of different technologies is required. As a consequence, network operators seek for ways to operate their networks more efficiently. In this context, so called self-organising functionality is envisioned for integration into cellularmobile radio networks. Self-organising functionality is supposed to automate a variety of operational task, leading to better andmore efficient network operation. Since performance and reliability of self-organising approaches are strongly related to the operation conditions they are exposed to, simulation under realistic circumstances is of great importance. This paper presents an approach for the evaluation of resource allocation algorithms in realistic environments based on real measurements. Furthermore, it presents an approach allowing the application of convex optimisation techniques for radio resource allocation and evaluates the proposed approach in a realistic environment using the presented evaluation approach. The performance and the suitability of the proposed resource allocation approach for self-organising optimization of future mobile radio networks are shown. Index Terms – Self-organising, self-optimising, inter-cell interference coordination, ICIC, resource allocation, bandwidth allocation, mobile radio network, hierarchic concept, realistic scenario, performance evaluation
Imaging of Ewing Sarcoma and Osteomyelitis Mimicking Sarcoma: A Literature Review

Clinically, Ewing sarcoma in the bone can look like osteomyelitis (both can cause fever, increased serum inflammatory markers, and bone pain) and on imaging tests (both may present with aggressive periosteal reaction, cortical destruction, and articular involvement). Indeed, up to 50% of subacute osteomyelitis cases in children are misdiagnosed as malignancies, according to reports. However, because therapy and result are fundamentally different, differentiate between these two entities promptly and accurately. The narrowing of the differential diagnosis is complicated by two additional factors. For starters, age does not assist restrict the differential diagnosis because primary bone tumours and osteomyelitis are more common in children and young people. Second, in rare circumstances, infection and tumour may coexist. As a result, a pain and swelling presentation’s underlying diagnosis may be confusing. Conventional radiology (CR), which permits examination of the biological behaviour of isolated bone lesions, is the foundation of the initial approach to disorders of the bones and joints. It usually shows the lesion’s location, internal matrix, borders, and accompanying periosteal reaction in great detail. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which has a significant negative predictive value for malignant bone tumours, is now used as the primary diagnostic work-up for bone pain, particularly in children. If the MRI results are inconclusive, projection radiography or, in the case of overlapping regions, computed tomography (CT) must be used. The difficulty in identifying Ewing sarcoma from bone and soft-tissue infection was highlighted in this study. A thorough study is recommended given the similarity in age, anatomical location, and clinical symptoms of infections and malignancies. Because no single clinical, biochemical, or radiological sign or investigation can be relied on to diagnose Ewing sarcoma, practitioners should send such cases to an Ewing sarcoma multidisciplinary team even there is just a little suspicion of malignancies.
Growth performance and nutrient digestibility of broilers fed different type of diets and feed additives

This research aimed to evaluate the nutrient digestibility and the growth performance of broilers fed a different type of diet (TD) and feed additives (FA). A total of 264 day-old chicks (male, Lohmann) were randomly distributed into 24 pens (11 birds/pen). The experiment was designed by using a 2 x 4 factorial completely randomized design with the main factors TD and FA. The result shows that TD x FA interaction was significant (p<0.05-0.001) for feed intake (FI) and body weigt gain (BWG) of starter broilers. The TD, FA, and TD x FA affected (p<0.01-0.001) growth performance (GP) of growing broilers. TD and TD x FA interaction affected liver weight and the length of proventriculus and gizzard (p<0.05 to 0.001). Except for starch, the TD did not affect (p>0.05) nutrient digestibility (ND) and energy values (EV). Except for crude protein, FA did not affect (p>0.05) on ND and EV. The TD x FA interaction did not affect ND and EV. TD affected (p<0.05–0.001) on FI and BWG)of starter broilers. Except for day 7, FA influenced (p<0.01–0.001) FI and BWG of starter broilers. In conclusion, 1) The addition of Synbiotics and Allzyme SSF-E on Rice bran-sago diet (RSD) improved the GP of birds; and 2) The complex and multi enzymes work well in the rice bran-sago diet 3) RSD produced better growth performance of broiler starter.
Effects of remifentanil on the recovery quality among pediatric candidates for dental procedures under general anesthesia

Background: Remifentanil is a short-acting synthetic opioid, seems to facilitate hospital discharge, induce less agitation and better recovery quality. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of remifentanil on the quality of recovery among healthy children who were candidate for dental procedures under general anesthesia. Materials and Methods: This study was a double blind randomized controlled clinical trial on healthy children who referred to the Department of Pediatric dentistry, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. Both groups were anaesthetized using 5 mg/kg thiopental sodium, 1 μg/kg fentanyl and 0.6 μg/kg atracurium. The first group received propofol to maintain anesthesia and the second group was given remifentanil along with propofol. Then, the time span to regain consciousness, level of agitation during recovery and time of discharge were monitored and compared between the two groups. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U-test, and the Kruskal–Wallis test at P < 0.05 level of significance. Results: Findings showed that the propofol + remifentanil group recovered faster than the propofol group. Chi-square test showed a significant difference in recovery time between the two groups (P < 0.05). About 45 min after regaining consciousness, the mean pediatric anesthesia emergence delirium score in the propofol group was 4.02 ± 2.19 and was significantly higher than the propofol + remifentanil group (3.02 ± 2.83) (P < 0.05). In addition, the mean Postanesthetic Discharge Scoring System score in the propofol group was 6.04 ± 1.74 and was significantly higher than the propofol + remifentanil group (7.58 ± 2.14) (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Combination of propofol and remifentanil significantly reduced the time taken for recovery, discharge and agitation level compared to propofol.
Gastroesophageal Reflux in Children with Asthma

Background: Nowadays it is considered that a specific causal relationship exists between asthma and gastroesophageal reflux (GER), because of the aspiration of gastric refluate which leads to and maintain spasticity even real crisis of paroxystic expiratory dyspnea. This study explores this relationship and evaluates the results after treatment. Methods: 56 children diagnosed with asthma, hospitalized in a regional center of pediatric gastroenterology in Northeast Romania, underwent 24-hour continuous esophageal pH monitoring in order to establish the presence of GER. The Boix-Ochoa score was used to interpret the results. Proton pump inhibitors were administered to those with GER and the patients were reevaluated after 2 months. Results: 39 patients (69.64%) had GER, with a Boix-Ochoa score above normal (N < 11.99), and 17 patients (30.36%) had normal score. After administering proton pump inhibitors for 2 months, 7 patients still had high Boix-Ochoa score (17.95%). The result of this analysis shows that the presence of asthma increases the chance of GER by 2.86 times. Conclusions: In children with asthma we have to look for GER in order to treat, because it can help the treatment of asthma or even solve some cases resistant to standard treatment.
Design of 31 and 37 cores trench-assisted and air-hole assisted multi-core fibre for high-density space-division multiplexing

In this paper, we have designed two multi-core fibres (MCFs) structures with 31 and 37 trench-assisted and air-hole-assisted cores with reduced inter-core crosstalk (XT). The air-hole pairs and triplets are placed between adjacent trench-assisted cores in order to further suppress modal field overlap. The XT analysis of the 31-core design underlines the significance of enclosing the outer cores with the air-hole structure. The effect of core pitch on the XT is also investigated. Placing the low-index air-hole shield closer to the trench enhances the modal confinement within relatively large trench-assisted core structures. As a result, the lowest possible core-pitch MCF (air-holes touching outer trench boundaries) yielded a minimum inter-core XT of between −60 dB and −70 dB for 100 km of fibre length. Therefore, our 37-core MCF design is suitable for high-density space-division multiplexing applications.
A Feature-Weighting Approach Using Metaheuristic Algorithms to Evaluate the Performance of Handball Goalkeepers

Handball experts agree that the most crucial position in a handball match is that of the goalkeeper. Their performance can be a good predictor of a team’s ranking in tournaments. Despite this, few studies have been conducted on the relevance of every elite goalkeeper’s action to their performance in the match. This paper provides the features or criteria for objectively evaluating a handball goalkeeper based on their actions during a match. For this purpose, the feature-weighting problem is formulated as an optimization problem. The problem is solved using eight metaheuristic algorithms to adjust the weights of the features. Computer experiments using real data from the 2020 Women’s and Men’s European Handball Championships are carried out with these algorithms. The algorithms optimize the weights based on three metrics. The first metric is to identify the best goalkeeper; the second metric is to identify the top five goalkeepers, regardless of order; and the third metric is to identify and order the top five goalkeepers. A case study is carried out with real data from the 2021 Women’s and Men’s World Handball Championships, where the best goalkeeper found in both cases with the optimized weights coincide with the best goalkeeper chosen by the International Handball Federation (IHF). Finally, the paper shows the particularities and specific difficulties involved in evaluating handball goalkeepers.
Environmental drivers of upper mesopelagic fish assemblages in the Benguela Upwelling System

: The Benguela upwelling system is one of the most productive marine ecosystems in the world; however, little is known about the community structure of mesopelagic fishes in its northern (nBUS) and southern (sBUS) subsystems. We analyzed around 1900 specimens from 13 stations in the nBUS and 11 stations in the sBUS during the austral summer and found 88 species and 24 families of mesopelagic fishes. Seven distinct assemblages characterized by water mass, oxygen concentration in the surface layer, and chlorophyll concentrations between 50 and 100 m were identified. The stations belonging to the nBUS shelf assemblage were low in oxygen concentration, had a mean abundance of 0.064 ind. 10 m −2 , and were represented exclusively by Diaphus dumerilii . The sBUS shelf assemblage had a mean abundance of 15.00 ind. 10 m −2 and Maurolicus walvisensis dominated. Two sBUS offshore assemblages had a mean abundance of 1.12 and 9.48 ind. 10 m −2 . The most abundant taxa within the groups were Hygophum hanseni , Cyclo thone spp. , and D. meadi . Three nBUS offshore clusters had an abundance of 10.21, 11.88, and 14.19 ind. 10 m −2 , and D. hudsoni prevailed in 2 groups, while M. walvisensis dominated the third group. Our study provides insight into the environmental factors that drive the composition of mesopelagic fishes on the shelf and in the upper pelagic zone in these highly productive subsystems. Possible future changes in these subsystems, such as an expansion of the oxygen minimum zone, can thus be expected to affect certain mesopelagic taxa that are essential for the food web of the subsystems.
Prospects for high-gain, high yield National Ignition Facility targets driven by 2(omega) (green) light

The National Ignition Facility (NIF), operating at green (2{omega}) light, has the potential to drive ignition targets with significantly more energy than the 1.8 MJ it will produce with its baseline, blue (3{omega}) operations. This results in a greatly increased 'target design space', providing a number of exciting opportunities for fusion research. These include the prospect of ignition experiments with capsules absorbing energies in the vicinity of 1 MJ. This significant increase in capsule absorbed energy over the original designs at {approx}150 kJ could allow high-gain, high yield experiments on NIF. This paper reports the progress made exploring 2{omega} for NIF ignition, including potential 2{omega} laser performance, 2{omega} ignition target designs and 2{omega} Laser Plasma Interaction (LPI) studies.
Women’s Empowerment to Improve Nutritional Status in Children: A Systematic Review

Women's empowerment considered vital in child nutrition and being considered important throughout the first 1000 days of life. Inadequate access to food and child feeding practices are the root causes of nutritional problems in children. Mothers play an essential role in parenting, particularly when it comes to child feeding. However, there are no systematic review available in regarding the correlation between women's empowerment and child nutrition. The aims of this study is to review the correlation between women's empowerment and nutritional status in children, more research should use a longitudinal study design to conduct pathway and lifecycle analysis in appropriate populations to clarify the relationship between women's empowerment and nutritional status in children. We included English materials published between Science Direct, Pubmed, Research Gate and Google Scholar was used to find studies related to women's empowerment and children's nutritional status between 2016- 2021. 1025 studies were generated using tittle and abstract. We scanned the whole text of 538 of them, as well as 25 other research that the authors were aware of. Only 8 papers met our criteria for inclusion. Within three categories of empowerment, information was extracted and synthesized: resources, agency, and achievement. Accessing and distributing resources for household childcare is a challenge. Agency is a process of women's empowerment that includes mobility, decision-making, authority, motivation, skill, knowledge, and mother's role, all of which can help mothers improve their children's nutrition. The well-being of family members, nutritional status, and anthropometric rise as age progresses are all benefits of women's empowerment. Women's empowerment was found to be connected with nutritional status WAZ, HAZ, WHZ, and child anthropometry in general, however the data were inconsistent. These inconsistencies were most likely caused by population features, situations, or methods/ conceptualizations of women's empowerment, as well as the specific domains researched. This study also found that different categories of women's empowerment may have varied relationships with child nutrition. Future study should focus on harmonizing definitions of women's empowerment, as well as determining which essential dimensions it should contain and how it should be quantified. In order to determine which policies and programs enhance women's empowerment and, as a result, foster child nutritional well-being, rigorous evaluation work is also required.
Identification of Low-engaged Learners in Robot-led Second Language Conversations with Adults

The main aim of this study is to investigate if verbal, vocal, and facial information can be used to identify low-engaged second language learners in robot-led conversation practice. The experiments were performed on voice recordings and video data from 50 conversations, in which a robotic head talks with pairs of adult language learners using four different interaction strategies with varying robot-learner focus and initiative. It was found that these robot interaction strategies influenced learner activity and engagement. The verbal analysis indicated that learners with low activity rated the robot significantly lower on two out of four scales related to social competence. The acoustic vocal and video-based facial analysis, based on manual annotations or machine learning classification, both showed that learners with low engagement rated the robot’s social competencies consistently, and in several cases significantly, lower, and in addition rated the learning effectiveness lower. The agreement between manual and automatic identification of low-engaged learners based on voice recordings or face videos was further found to be adequate for future use. These experiments constitute a first step towards enabling adaption to learners’ activity and engagement through within- and between-strategy changes of the robot’s interaction with learners.
The Coexistence of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

The incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is growing worldwide. Epidemiological data suggest a strong relationship between NAFLD and T2DM. This is associated with common risk factors and pathogenesis, where obesity, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia play pivotal roles. Expanding knowledge on the coexistence of NAFLD and T2DM could not only protect against liver damage and glucotoxicity, but may also theoretically prevent the subsequent occurrence of other diseases, such as cancer and cardiovascular disorders, as well as influence morbidity and mortality rates. In everyday clinical practice, underestimation of this problem is still observed. NAFLD is not looked for in T2DM patients; on the contrary, diagnosis for glucose metabolism disturbances is usually not performed in patients with NAFLD. However, simple and cost-effective methods of detection of fatty liver in T2DM patients are still needed, especially in outpatient settings. The treatment of NAFLD, especially where it coexists with T2DM, consists mainly of lifestyle modification. It is also suggested that some drugs, including hypoglycemic agents, may be used to treat NAFLD. Therefore, the aim of this review is to detail current knowledge of NAFLD and T2DM comorbidity, its prevalence, common pathogenesis, diagnostic procedures, complications and treatment, with special attention to outpatient clinics.
Tunable emission color of methylammonium lead bromide perovskite quantum dots by varying ligand quantity

Perovskite quantum dots (PQD) can be created using a ligand assisted reprecipitation method at room temperature with affordable equipment. These PQDs can exhibit much higher photoluminescence (PL) than bulk perovskite films of the same material. In this study, methylammonium lead bromide (MAPbBr3) quantum dots were created using energetically aligned capping ligands of trans-cinnamic acid (TCA) and 3,3-Diphenylpropylamine (DPPA). The bandgap of the PQDs was adjusted by varying the quantity of ligands added to the solution during the ligand assisted reprecipitation process. Prototype light emitting diodes (LEDs) were created using the PQD thin films.