Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multiple Sclerosis Disease Modifying Therapy and Cancer risks

In multiple sclerosis (MS), a chronic inflammation of the central nervous system is the major component of the disease’s pathology. If this is the major factor of the disease’s pathogenesis, it’s still a matter of debate nowadays [1,2]. The disease relapses were believed to be a T cell drive process, although recent evidence shows a growing importance of other cell types like B-cells and other peripheral myeloid cells [1,2], as well as CNS primary cells [2]. Once chronic inflammation is associated with cancer [3], a possible correlation between a chronic disease like multiple sclerosis and cancer have been studied throughout the time. There are studies showing decrease or no alteration in cancer risk of multiple sclerosis patients, even though some specific cancers show a different trend [4-8].
Comparative Study of the Effects of Azilsartan and Telmisartan on Insulin Resistance and Metabolic Biomarkers in Essential Hypertension Associated With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Introduction The complex interplay between the autonomic nervous system, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), and immunity contributes to the pathogenesis of hypertension in diabetes mellitus. The objective of this study was to investigate and compare the effect of azilsartan and telmisartan on insulin resistance and metabolic biomarkers in patients with both hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods The present study was a prospective, randomized, active-controlled, open-label, parallel-group clinical trial. Patients with grade I or II essential hypertension with type 2 diabetes mellitus were randomized into two groups of 25 patients each. Baseline evaluation of homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), plasma glucose, insulin, leptin and adiponectin levels, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) of patients was done. Patients were reassessed after 12 weeks of drug therapy with azilsartan 40 mg OD (once daily) or telmisartan 40 mg OD. Results The mean changes in HOMA-IR from the baseline at the end of 12 weeks of treatment were 0.15 (−0.64, 0.94.52) in the azilsartan group and 0.32 (−0.61, 1.26) in the telmisartan group. The mean difference in the changes from the baseline in HOMA-IR between the two groups was 0.3 (−0.87, 1.48), which was not statistically significant. No statistically significant changes were observed between the two groups in metabolic biomarkers (leptin: -0.84, CI: -4.83 to 3.14, and adiponectin: -0.12, CI: -0.62 to 0.37). Systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) decreased at the end of the 12-week treatment in both the groups; however, there was no significant difference between the two groups (SBP: -2.6, CI: -10.35 to 5.1, and DBP: -3.0, CI: -7.7 to 1.7). Conclusion Neither azilsartan nor telmisartan had any significant effects on insulin resistance and metabolic biomarkers after 12 weeks of drug therapy in hypertension patients associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, they showed a comparable antihypertensive effect. The adverse effects observed were mild in nature, and their incidence was comparable between the two groups.
Providing Frequency Support of Hydro-Pumped Storage to Taiwan Power System with Wind Power Integration

The combination of wind and pumped storage is a useful method to compensate the fluctuation of wind power generation, which would exploit the abundant wind potential and increase wind power penetration. Taiwan Power Company (TPC) develops renewable energy actively in recent years. Moreover, TPC has started planning a high penetration wind power system and building offshore wind farms around the coast of Zhangbin, Yunlin and Penghu. The target of the offshore wind power installed capacity is up to 3 GW by 2025. However, the integration of the large scale of wind power would give huge challenges to the system operator because wind is randomly characterized. In this study, after high penetration wind power is integrated, the impacts of system frequency and the dispatch of conventional units will be discussed. Additionally, the hybrid system combing wind power with pumped-storage will be planning to reduce the effect of system frequency.
Relationship Between the Hemoglobin-to-Red Cell Distribution Width Ratio and All-Cause Mortality in Ischemic Stroke Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: An Analysis from the MIMIC-IV Database

Aim To investigate the association between the hemoglobin-to-red cell distribution width (RDW) ratio (HRR) and all-cause mortality in ischemic stroke patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Design This study was a retrospective cohort analysis. In total, 1018 ischemic stroke patients with AF were enrolled using the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care database, (MIMIC)-IV. The patients were divided into four groups according to the HRR values. The primary outcome was 180-day all-cause mortality. Methods Multivariate Cox proportional risk regression models were used to examine the association between HRR and all-cause mortality. The non-linear relationship between HRR and all-cause mortality was confirmed using a Cox proportional risk regression model fitted by cubic spline function and smooth curve fitting. Results A total of 246/1018 patients (24.17%) died. The serum HRR values were negatively associated with 180-day all-cause mortality (hazard ratio (HR) 0.80, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.68–0.94). A two-piecewise regression model was used to obtain a threshold inflection point value of 9.74. The HR and the 95% CI on the left inflection point were 0.73 and 0.61–0.87 (p = 0.0005); on the right inflection point they were 1.06 and 0.82–1.38 (p = 0.6383). Conclusion The relationship between all-cause mortality and the HRR values was non-linear in ischemic stroke patients with AF. All-cause mortality and HRR values were negatively correlated when the HRR value was ≤9.74.
ANALYSIS OF POTENTIAL INTENSITY OF SEDIMENT TRANSPORT ON SELECTED REACH OF THE NER RIVER

The aim of this study was to perform a simulation of sediment transport for the section of the river Ner, while also utilizing GIS tools. Using the ArcGIS numerical model of channel and stream valleys were developed, and motion simulations and sediment transport set for 5 ten-year periods were performed in HEC-RAS. Updated geometries after the simulations were created using the tools of RAS Mapper. ArcGIS was used again for analysing the results. It was used to generate ordinates of bottom in the initial state and final. The difference between them illustrated the magnitude of erosion and accumulation. The process of erosion occurred in 13 sections of the analysed model (the standard differential ordinates negative), while the accumulation in 53 sections. The maximum value of shallowing bottom was 1.24 m (cross-section at km 18 + 868), while the largest deepening occurred at km 8 + 654 (– 0.76 m). All values, using ArcGIS, were marked on othophotomap.
On-chip silicon-organic hybrid entangled photon pair source

We propose to leverage a silicon-organic hybrid integration structure to implement an integrated entangled photon pair source with high photon pair generation rate. This method combines the weak nonlinear absorption of organic materials with the high light confinement of silicon waveguides. Due to the supression of TPA and FCA, the pump power saturation threshold of the hybrid waveguide can be greatly increased. Therefore, with the high nonlinear coefficient and strong pump power, this hybrid integrated structure can achieve high photon pair generation rate. This work shows that silicon-organic hybrid integration could be a competitive platfrom for quantum photonic circuits.
IEC 61131-3 in safety applications

The majority of safety related systems within process applications rely on plant or process specific software to define their functional safety operation. Previously, many of these systems have employed bespoke programming languages and environments. However, IEC 61131 is increasingly expected, and its absence maybe a barrier to entry for some sectors. The paper presents an overview and introduction to elements of IEC 61508 as a summary of the safety requirements, how some of these requirements are addressed by an implementation of IEC 61131-3, and the practical experience of addressing these requirements whilst adopting a commercial off the shelf package. (4 pages)
Testing community structure for hypergraphs

Many complex networks in the real world can be formulated as hyper-graphs where community detection has been widely used. However, the fundamental question of whether communities exist or not in an observed hypergraph remains unclear. This work aims to tackle this important problem. Speciﬁcally, we systematically study when a hypergraph with community structure can be successfully distinguished from its Erd˝os–Rényi counter-part, and propose concrete test statistics when the models are distinguishable. The main contribution of this paper is threefold. First, we discover a phase transition in the hyperedge probability for distinguishability. Second, in the bounded-degree regime, we derive a sharp signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) threshold for distinguishability in the special two-community 3-uniform hypergraphs, and derive nearly tight SNR thresholds in the general two-community m -uniform hypergraphs. Third, in the dense regime, we pro-pose a computationally feasible test based on sub-hypergraph counts, obtain its asymptotic distribution, and analyze its power. Our results are further extended to nonuniform hypergraphs in which a new test involving both edge and hyperedge information is proposed. The proofs rely on Janson’s contiguity theory ( Combin. Probab. Comput. 4 (1995) 369–405), a high-moments driven asymptotic normality result by Gao and Wormald ( Probab. Theory Related Fields 130 (2004) 368–376), and a truncation technique for analyzing the likelihood ratio.
THE INTERRELATIONSHIP AMID CHARACTERISTICS OF FLEXIBILITY AND BARGAINING STYLE WITH THE PERCEIVED VALUE GAINED AMONGST NEGOTIATORS IN THE HI-TECH

In today's business market, a modern negotiator needs to change or persist in behavior according to changing internal and external circumstances. This study explores how flexibility and bargaining style influence the social-psychological outcomes valued subjectively as consequences of negotiations from the high-tech sector. 39 respondents from the High-tech arena who by virtue of their position have access to customers or suppliers took part in this study. Quantitative analysis was used to perform hypothesis testing, by using a four-chapter closed structured questionnaire data collected as an instrument. Fndings show that those with a positive perception of change tend to perceive high subjective value. The collaborative and compromising styles appear to have a strong moderating effect on the connections between Psychological Flexibility and Subjective Value Inventory. Those with a collaborative and compromising approach to negotiation tend to combine elements of flexibility to achieve higher subjective value from the negotiating process and outcome.
Computer-mediated political expression: A conceptual framework of technological affordances and individual tradeoffs

ABSTRACT Digital media provide individuals platforms to express political views. Despite the significant scholarly attention to how and why political expression occurs through technologies and to what effect, research remains fragmented in its theoretical frameworks. The present work synthesizes research on computer-mediated communication and political communication to offer a framework that describes theoretically (a) which technological affordances lead (b) to which psychological processes with (c) which politically relevant actions. We address these questions in the context of four different technological affordances. In doing so, we emphasize the psychological cost-benefit calculations that occur when deciding whether to engage in political expression online.
Analysis of optical responses of 1060nm seed laser diodes under overcurrent and short-pulse conditions for reliability investigations

New phenomena are observed in the optical response of InGaAs/AlGaAs 1060nm Laser Diodes (LDs) and Laser Diode Modules (LDMs) driven under high peak current condition: two segments of parasitic oscillations appear in the optical response of every tested LD and LDM, when increasing the current above two respective thresholds. In order to understand their origins and to discuss their influence over the operation range and reliability of seed LDs, we designed a test bench, based on an Electro-Optical Modulator, devoted to the time-spectral analysis of LD optical responses under such conditions. A correlation was found between the presence of the first segment of oscillations on the optical response and a temporal broadening of the LD spectrum. The presence of the second segment of oscillations is associated with a red-shift of the LD spectrum, but not with a significant spectral broadening, suggesting different causes for these phenomena. Step-stress ageing tests have then been carried out, in order to estimate the evolution of those parasitic oscillations over the lifetime of these LDs for reliability investigations.
An Ensemble Learning Approach using Decision Fusion for the Recognition of Arabic Handwritten Characters

The Arabic handwritten character recognition is a research challenge due to the complexity and variability of forms and writing styles of the Arabic alphabet. The current work focuses not only on reducing the complexity of the feature extraction step but also on improving the Arabic characters’ classification rate. First, we lighten the preprocessing step by using a grayscale skeletonization technique easily adjustable to image noise and contrast. It is then used to extract structural features such as Freeman chain code and Heutte descriptors. Second, a new model using the fusion of results from machine learning algorithms is built and tested on two grayscale images’ datasets: IFHCDB and AIA9K. The proposed approach is compared to state-of-the-art methods based on deep learning architecture and highlights a promising performance by achieving an accuracy of 97.97% and 92.91% respectively on IFHCDB and AIA9K datasets, which outperforms the classic machine learning algorithms and the deep neural network chosen architectures.
Self- and Other-Orientation in High Rank: A Cultural Psychological Approach to Social Hierarchy

Social hierarchy is one fundamental aspect of social living, structuring interactions in families, teams, and entire societies. In this review, we put forward a cultural psychological approach to social hierarchy, positing that rank differences are embedded within larger cultural meaning systems, which shape how high rank is attained or conferred and how social hierarchy affords behavior and psychology. We then examine manifestations of hierarchy in two cultural meaning systems: Western and East Asian cultural contexts. Accumulating evidence on collective, interpersonal, and individual processes suggests cultural similarities in self-orientation but cultural differences in other-orientation of high-ranking individuals. Such literature reveal how thought and behavior within social hierarchies and cultural beliefs, values, and norms mutually constitute each other. We close with a discussion of how the present review is a stepping stone for future research and of remaining questions to further advance social hierarchy research across wider and more diverse cultural contexts. Public Abstract Social hierarchy is one fundamental aspect of human life, structuring interactions in families, teams, and entire societies. In this review, we put forward a new theory about how social hierarchy is shaped by the wider societal contexts (i.e., cultures). Comparing East Asian and Western cultural contexts, we show how culture comprises societal beliefs about who can raise to high rank (e.g., become a leader), shapes interactions between high- and low-ranking individuals (e.g., in a team), and influences human thought and behavior in social hierarchies. Overall, we find cultural similarities, in that high-ranking individuals are agentic and self-oriented in both cultural contexts. But we also find important cross-cultural differences. In East Asian cultural contexts, high-ranking individuals are also other oriented; they are also concerned about the people around them and their relationships. We close with a call to action, suggesting studying social hierarchies in more diverse cultural contexts.
Structural Design of Supreme Controller with Uncontrollable Transitions

In the framework of Petri net (PN), the structural supervisory control of discrete event system (DES) is an exciting method to design controller in the presence of uncontrollable transitions. Especially, this method addresses the controllability problem existing in the desired functioning PN. The controllability condition defined by uncontrollable synchronization can be expressed as constraints (GMEC). This leads to design place invariant-based controller, implemented through control places connected to plant transitions. The controller is maximally permissive if the transitions are controllable. Implying that the controller insures that the constraints are never violated directly or may be violated through the firing of uncontrollable transitions. But, if one control place is connected to uncontrollable transition, then the controller is non-admissible, since it cannot prevent such transition. The common idea is to transform the constraints or to displace the controller arcs. Unfortunately, the constraints transformation is computationally complex and not structural, while the arcs displacement approach is unsystematic. Our idea consists to iterate the structural supervisory control method to ensure a systematic displacement of controller arcs, so that no control place is input place of uncontrollable transition. This approach focuses on structural design of a less restrictive and admissible controller, namely the supreme controller.
Community Detection based on Node Relationship Classification

Community detection is a salient task in network analysis to understand the intrinsic structure of networks. In this paper, we propose a novel community detection algorithm based on node relationship classification. The node relationship between two neighboring nodes is defined as whether they affiliate to the same community. A trained binary classifier is deployed to classify the node relationship, which considers both the local influence from the two nodes themselves and the global influence from the whole network. According to the classified node relationship, community structure can be detected naturally. The experimental results on both realworld and synthetic networks demonstrate that our algorithm has a better performance compared to other representative algorithms.
A Review on Routing Protocol in MANET

A Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET) is a self- configuring network and the nodes are connected through wireless link. It is an infrastructure less network. The wireless network topology may change rapidly. Each node in the network act as router and it communicate other nodes. There is no centralized administration. Nodes in ad hoc networks are differentiated by their limited resources like power, memory and mobility. Due to the limited transmission range of the nodes, multiple hops may be needed for a node to send data to any other node in the network. Thus each node acts as a host and router. If a node needs to communicate with another that is outside its transmission range, an intermediate node acts as a router to relay or forward packets from the source to the destination. For this purpose, a routing protocol is needed. This paper presents a survey on various routing protocols.
Why We Mimic Emotions Even When No One is Watching: Limited Visual Contact and Emotional Mimicry

This article explores interpersonal functions of emotional mimicry under the absence versus the presence of visual contact between the interacting partners. We review relevant literature and stress that previous studies on the role of emotional mimicry were focused on imitative responses to facial displays. We also show that the rules explaining why people mimic facial expressions may be inapplicable when visual signals are unavailable (e.g., people attending an online meeting have their cameras off). Overall, our review suggests that emotional mimicry functionally adapts to whether the perceiver and the expresser can see each other. We, therefore, argue that blocking visual contact between them may provide insight into emotional mimicry's social functions, thereby clarifying its role in fostering affiliation and emotional understanding.
Dynamic Positioning during Heavy Lift Operations: Using fuzzy control techniques, Nonlinear Observer and H-Infinity Method Separately to Obtain Stable DP Systems for Heavy Lift Operations

Dynamic positioning has been developed for over half a century and is now widely used on board. However, the existing dynamic positioning system is not specially made with heavy lift vessels. This report is to solve the dynamic positioning problem during heavy lift operations. To fulfill this goal, the robustness and stability of the solutions are also considered. The solutions mentioned in this report are based on the RH Marine vessel model and the RH Marine DP system. First the crane vessel model is reviewed and checked. Then the solutions are chosen and applied. At last the results are presented and analyzed. The stability of each solution is approached and the robustness of each solution is tested in Simulink. There are three solutions in this thesis. Fuzzy controller, nonlinear passive observer and H-infinity controller are implemented to the original system separately. For first two solutions, there’s no theoretical proof that they are robust. For H-infinity controller, it is proven to be robust. All three solutions showed good robustness under tests. This report, as a master thesis, is to present the dynamic positioning problem to the reader and to provide possible solutions to the heavy lift dynamic positioning problem.
Data collection, validation, and description for the Oak Ridge nuclear facilities mortality study

To investigate the long-term health effects of protracted occupational exposure to low levels of ionizing radiation, a mortality study was initiated by pooling data for 118,588 workers hired between 1943 and 1982, at three Department of Energy (DOE) facilities in Oak Ridge, Tennessee, with follow-up through 1984. Topics for this discussion will include issues involving the collection and validation of data for individuals in the study cohort, and characteristics of their demographic and radiation exposure data. Since the data were compiled between the late 1960s and the present under the direction of several principal investigators, it was essential to verify data precision and to understand how exposure data were generated prior to beginning any analysis. A stratified random sample of workers in the cohort was chosen for verification of their computerized data as it appeared in the database. Original source documents were reviewed to verify demographic data, as well as internal and external radiation exposure data. Extensive effort was expended to document the personal radiation monitoring policies and types of dosimeters used at each facility over the 42 years included in the study. Characteristics of internal and external exposure data by facility and year were examined by graphical methods with the intent of combining these monitoring data over time and across facilities.