Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influence of defects on structural and electrical properties of VO2 thin films

We present the structural and electrical properties of (011) preferred polycrystalline (Poly) and multidomain (020) epitaxial (Epi) VO2 thin films grown at different temperature (Ts) and on different substrates with variable defects. These defects cause variation in strain, metal-insulator transition (MIT) temperature (TMIT), activation energy (ΔEa), and charge carrier type in insulating phase. Both the Poly- and Epi-VO2 behave n-type conductivity when grown at relative low TS. As TS increases, defects related acceptor density increases to alter conductivity from n- to p-type in the Poly-VO2, while in the Epi-VO2 donor density increases to maintain n-type conductivity. Moreover, the strain along monoclinic am axis dramatically reverses from tensile to compressive in both the Poly- (848 K < TS < 873 K) and Epi-VO2 (873 K < TS < 898 K), and eventually approaches to a constant in the Poly-VO2 (TS ≥ 898 K) in particular. TMIT decreases with increasing the carrier density independent of the conductive type in .
Shear Fracture in Cone‐Plate Rheometry

When subject to moderate shear rates in a cone‐plate and parallel plate rheometer, viscoelastic samples tend to fracture at the edge of the sample thus preventing the measurement of viscosity and normal stresses at high shear rates. An explanation of this behavior has been given in terms of a critical elastic strain energy by Hutton and we offer an alternative explanation based on fracture mechanics. It is shown here that fracture occurs if |N2|>2Γ/3a, where N2 is the second normal stress difference, Γ is the surface tension coefficient, and a is the size of the fracture. The experimental data presented here show that this equation correctly predicts the occurrence of shear fracture and also the shear rate at which it occurs. At high shear rates, Newtonian liquids and some viscoelastic liquids are ejected from the cone‐plate and parallel plate rheometer due to the effect of centrifugal forces. For a Newtonian liquid a simple consideration of the centrifugal and surface tension forces at the sample edge pr.
A Structure-Based View on ABC-Transporter Linked to Multidrug Resistance

The discovery of the first ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter, whose overexpression in cancer cells is responsible for exporting anticancer drugs out of tumor cells, initiated enormous efforts to overcome tumor cell multidrug resistance (MDR) by inhibition of ABC-transporter. Because of its many physiological functions, diverse studies have been conducted on the mechanism, function and regulation of this important group of transmembrane transport proteins. In this review, we will focus on the structural aspects of this transporter superfamily. Since the resolution revolution of electron microscope, experimentally solved structures increased rapidly. A summary of the structures available and an overview of recent structure-based studies are provided. More specifically, the artificial intelligence (AI)-based predictions from AlphaFold-2 will be discussed.
Photonic crystals for improving light absorption in organic solar cells

We theoretically and experimentally study the structuration of organic solar cells in the shape of photonic crystal slabs. Using a Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) method, we investigate the double structuration of the PEDOT:PSS layer and the metallic electrode. By taking advantage of the optical properties of photonic crystals slabs, we show the possibility to couple Bloch modes with very low group velocities in the active layer of the cells. Such Bloch modes, also called slow Bloch modes (SBMs), allow increasing the lifetime of photons within the active layer. We show that an absorption gain ranging between 4% and 11% is possible according to the band gap of the organic material. Finally, we present experimental demonstration performed using nanoimprint to directly pattern the standard organic semiconductor P3HT :PCBM blend in thin film form in the shape of a photonic crystal able to couple SBMs.
Eccentric instability of a two‐dimensional fluid disc with a central massive object

In this paper we investigate, by linear modal analysis, the one-armed dynamical instability of a two-dimensional fluid disc that has a massive object at its centre. The model of the disc is chosen to avoid the artificial instabilities that originate from the unrealistic disc configurations that have been adopted in previous studies. We find a one-armed instability for which the central massive object is displaced from the centre, which is generally called the ‘eccentric instability’. However, to excite the eccentric instability, the mass of the central object should be appreciably smaller than that of the disc, and this mass ratio is far smaller than what was originally proposed. The instability shown in this paper is likely to be excited in a stellar system with a central massive object, e.g. a galactic nucleus harbouring a massive black hole, and further studies are desirable via techniques such as numerical simulations.
Exact penalization for cardinality and rank-constrained optimization problems via partial regularization

In this paper, we consider a class of constrained optimization problems whose constraints involve a cardinality or rank constraint. The penalty formulation based on a partial regularization has recently been promoted in the literature to approximate these problems, which usually outperforms the penalty formulation based on a full regularization in terms of solution quality. Nevertheless, the relation between the penalty formulation with a partial regularizer and the original problem was not much studied yet. Under some suitable assumptions, we show that the penalty formulation based on a partial regularization is an exact reformulation of the original problem in the sense that they both share the same global minimizers. We also show that a local minimizer of the original problem is that of the penalty reformulation. These results provide some theoretical justification for the often-observed superior performance of the penalty model based on a partial regularizer over a corresponding full regularizer.
To Share or Not to Share: A Framing Analysis of Paid Vaccine Advertisements on Facebook during COVID-19 and Pro-Vaccine Mothers’ Willingness to Promote Vaccines within Their Peer Networks

Abstract Two studies in this line of research explored paid vaccine-related advertisements on Facebook from March to May 2020 at the outset of COVID-19 and how this content could influence message sharing. Study 1 included a framing analysis of vaccine ads collected from the Facebook Ad Library. Overarching pro-vaccine frames included: (i) support for vaccines and (ii2) dual benefits – individual and community protection. On the other hand, anti-vaccine messages emphasized the necessity of individual liberty. COVID-19-specific frames included (i) vaccine development and politicization and (ii2) the pandemic as a tangible backdrop to illustrate the need for vaccines, holistically. Study 2 included interviews with vaccine-accepting mothers to understand their perceptions of the most prevalent ad frames identified in Study 1, through the lens of Source Credibility Theory, and their willingness to share these messages. Five overarching themes emerged. Relevant credibility cues included sponsor, image selection, spokesperson, wording, and attitude homophily. Key findings for advertising practitioners and public health communicators include the politicization of vaccines on Facebook, the need for neutral, credible sources and medical provider buy-in, and the need for a change in message emphasis. Notably, this research highlights the critical role of advertising platform selection to effectively promote vaccines on social media.
Random walker with spatial constraint and hyperspectral image classification

In this article, a spatially constrained random walker approach is proposed for hyperspectral image (HSI) classification. This proposed method uses both spectral and spatial information. Image pixels are partitioned into two sets: a labelled set and an unlabelled set. The proposed method aims to label all the unlabelled pixels. The proposed technique consists of two steps. In the first step, random walker computes the posterior probability that an unlabelled pixel has the same label as a labelled pixel by using the spectral information. In order to improve the classification accuracy, Markov random fields is applied to account for spatial information in the second step. Evaluation of the developed method is done on HSIs. Experimental results are compared with those obtained using other HSI classification methods. The proposed approach performs better than other ones in terms of classification accuracy.
Role of Social Media Marketing on Consumer Buying Behavior on Alcoholic Product inside Kathmandu Valley

This study investigates the effect of different social media marketing in consumer buying behavior on liquor products inside the Kathmandu Valley. Consumers' behavior is the dependent variable, and perceived value, quality service, usefulness, awareness, word of mouth, entertainment, and credibility are the independent variable. The primary data source is a respondent's opinion regarding consumer buying behavior through social media marketing. There are 101 respondents incorporated to reach the purpose of the study. The study followed a structured questionnaire and used a descriptive model to identify the relationship between important factors with consumer behavior be in Kathmandu valley.This study shows the perceived value of service of quality is positively related to consumer buying behavior and indicates that higher the perceived value would positive value of consumer buying behavior. Similarly, there is a positive relationship between perceived usefulness for consumer buying behavior, indicating that a higher perceived value of usefulness increases consumer buying behavior. The result also shows a positive correlation between word of mouth and consumer behavior. Itindicates that the higher the positive word of mouth concern would increase consumer buying behavior.Also, entertainment has a positive relation to brand loyalty; indicate that take higher the result of entertainment; the higher would be consumer buying behavior. There is a positive relationship between credibility and consumer buying behavior; it indicates that positive credibility increases consumer buying behavior. The descriptive static is used to measure the result that the higher mean value for perceived service quality, usefulness, word of mouth, credibility, entertainment, and other factors affects consumer buying behavior.
Fast inversion of large-scale magnetic data using wavelet transforms and a logarithmic barrier method

SUMMARY In this paper wavelet transforms and a logarithmic barrier method are applied to the inversion of large-scale magnetic data to recover a 3-D distribution of magnetic susceptibility. The fast wavelet transform is used, along with thresholding the small wavelet coefficients, to form a sparse representation of the sensitivity matrix. The reduced size of the resultant matrix allows the solution of large problems that are otherwise intractable. The compressed matrix is used to carry out fast forward modelling by performing matrix-vector multiplications in the wavelet domain. The reduction in CPU time is directly proportional to the compression ratio of the matrix. A second important feature of the algorithm used here is the use of an interior-point method of optimization to enforce positivity constraints. In this approach, the positivity is incorporated into the inversion by a sequence of non-linear optimizations approximated by truncated Newton steps. At the heart of the algorithm, a linear system of equations is solved. The conjugate gradient technique has been used as the basic solver to take the advantage of the efficient forward modelling offered by the sparse matrix representation. Overall, the combination of wavelet transforms, interior point optimization and conjugate gradient solutions readily allows us to solve magnetic inverse problems that have a few hundred thousand parameters and tens of thousands of data.
A method of virtual displacements for the degenerate discrete ₁ approximation problem

Given the system of equations n I laijxj = bi. i = M,* , m j2. =b 11 let Ai = (ail, ain). It is known that if the matrix A = (aij) has rank k 0, i = n + 1,. , m. Denoting the matrix of this sytem by A, and column j of its inverse by C1, points Y on edge j are given in terms of a parameter X by (2.1) Y = X + XCj. Also, it follows readily that for points Y on edge j we have in terms of X This content downloaded from 157.55. 39.52 on Tue, 12 Jul 2016 05:22:42 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor. org/terms THE DEGENERATE DISCRETE 11 APPROXIMATION PROBLEM 423 m (2.2) R(Y) = 1X1 + E Iri(X) + X(Ai, C1)I. i=n+ 1 For all sufficiently small RXI this equation can be expressed in the form m R(Y) = RI)A + E [r1(X) + X(Ai, C)]. i=n +1 If (Ai, Cj) = 0, then ri(Y) remains constant along edge j. Otherwise, the zeros of ri(Y) are given by ri(X) (2.3) ij (A, (=n+ (Ai, C,) (=n ? 1, m), (Ai, Cj) # 0. R is a differentiable function of X everywhere along the edge except at zeros of ri(Y), where the derivative jumps by the amount 21(Ai, Cj)l. Denoting the derivative of R on the left at X = 0 by R'(O-), and on the right by R'(0 +), we have m (2.4) R'(0-) = -1 + S (Ai, CQ), i=n+ 1
Bridging PCR: An Efficient and Reliable Scheme Implemented for Genome-Walking

The efficacy of the available genome-walking methods is restricted by low specificity, high background, or composite operations. We herein conceived bridging PCR, an efficient genome-walking approach. Three primers with random sequences, inner walker primer (IWP), bridging primer (BP), and outer walker primer (OWP), are involved in bridging PCR. The BP is fabricated by splicing OWP to the 5′-end of IWP’s 5′-part. A bridging PCR set is constituted by three rounds of amplification reactions, sequentially performed by IWP, BP plus OWP, and OWP, respectively pairing with three nested sequence-specific primers (SSP). A non-target product arising from IWP alone undergoes end-lengthening mediated by BP. This modified non-target product is a preferentially formed hairpin between the lengthened ends, instead of binding with shorter OWP. Meanwhile, a non-target product, triggered by SSP alone or SSP plus IWP, is removed by nested SSP. As a result, only the target DNA is accumulated. The efficacy of bridging PCR was validated by walking the gadA/R genes of Levilactobacillus brevis CD0817 and the hyg gene of rice.
Mutation of Basic Residues R283, R286, and K288 in the Matrix Protein of Newcastle Disease Virus Attenuates Viral Replication and Pathogenicity

The matrix (M) protein of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) contains large numbers of unevenly distributed basic residues, but the precise function of most basic residues in the M protein remains enigmatic. We previously demonstrated that the C-terminus (aa 264–313) of M protein interacted with the extra-terminal (ET) domain of chicken bromodomain-containing protein 2 (chBRD2), which promoted NDV replication by downregulating chBRD2 expression and facilitating viral RNA synthesis and transcription. However, the key amino acid sites determining M’s interaction with chBRD2/ET and their roles in the replication and pathogenicity of NDV are not known. In this study, three basic residues—R283, R286, and K288—in the NDV M protein were verified to be responsible for its interaction with chBRD2/ET. In addition, mutation of these basic residues (R283A/R286A/K288A) in the M protein changed its electrostatic pattern and abrogated the decreased expression of endogenic chBRD2. Moreover, a recombinant virus harboring these mutations resulted in a pathotype change of NDV and attenuated viral replication and pathogenicity in chickens due to the decreased viral RNA synthesis and transcription. Our findings therefore provide a better understanding of the crucial biological functions of M’s basic residues and also aid in understanding the poorly understood pathogenesis of NDV.
Development of Novel Tetracycline and Ciprofloxacin Loaded Silver Doped Hydroxyapatite Suspensions for Biomedical Applications

The objective of this study consisted of the development of new materials with antimicrobial properties at the nanometric scale that could lead to an increase in therapeutic efficacy and reduction of toxic side effects. This work focuses on obtaining and characterizing stable suspensions with narrow size distribution with antimicrobial properties. The stability of the suspensions obtained by an adapted co-precipitation method was evaluated by ultrasonic measurements. The size and size distribution of the particle populations were determined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Both methods of analysis showed a narrow distribution of particles. DLS gave a monomodal distribution with hydrodynamic diameters around 38 nm for ciprofloxacin embedded in silver doped hydroxyapatite (AgHA-C) and 45.7 nm for tetracycline embedded in silver doped hydroxyapatite (AgHA-T). The average diameters calculated from SEM were 17 nm for AgHA-C and 19 nm for AgHA-T. Both Ciprofloxacin and Tetracycline influenced the hydroxyapatite structure, which led to the appearance of new vibrational bands characteristic of the specific chemical composition in the FTIR spectrum. The antimicrobial properties of the AgHA-C and AgHA-T suspensions were assessed using the most common reference microbial strains Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, and Candida albicans ATCC 10231. The results of the in vitro antimicrobial assays determined that the AgHA-C and AgHA-T suspensions exhibited exceptional antimicrobial activity. Moreover, the data revealed that the antimicrobial activity increased with the increase of the incubation time.
Electromechanical properties of Al0.9Sc0.1N thin films evaluated at 2.5 GHz film bulk acoustic resonators

AlN films are employed in RF filters for wireless communication. We report on enhanced coupling factors kt2 obtained by partial substitution of Al by Sc. Al0.88Sc0. 12N films were deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering from an Al0.9Sc0. 1 alloy target. They grew in the piezoelectric wurtzite phase with a similar microstructure as pure AlN films. The clamped d33,f increased considerably from 5.1 to 7.8 pm/V. The admittance measured at thin film bulk acoustic wave resonators was fitted to an equivalent circuit model and to 2-dimensional finite element simulation, yielding a kt2 of 7.3% and a quality factor of 650. The material softens considerably.
Permittivity of Polycrystalline Material

Polycrystalline material is modeled as a close-packed structure composed of uniaxial grains (crystallites) of varying orientation, shape and size. Effective dielectric response of such systems can be described using the spectral representation. Its formal similarity to the isotropic 2–component composite provides the same description in the framework of the spectral representation, however, with different meaning of structural characteristics. In particular, the volume fraction, which is used in the spectral representation of composites, is replaced with the spatial averaged value of crystallite orientations. The structural parameters depend on the true volume fraction and also on the orientation of grains. This is illustrated on a simple example of multilayer structure.
Background Modeling Approach Based on Eigenspace Decomposition

In this work principal component analysis (PCA) was adopted to construct a background model and moving objects were detected by background subtraction method. Firstly, constructed the matrix of training samples by means of converting the video sequence to vectors. Then calculated the covariance matrix C of the training set, and acquired the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of C through SVD decomposition. Next, sorted the eigenvalues and reconstructed the background model by using several image vectors which had higher cumulative contribution. Finally, comparison experiments are performed with the detection results by GMM approach. Experimental results show that the proposed method in this paper could establish background models more accurate and have better effective of object detection.
Comparison of time-frequency-based techniques for estimating instantaneous frequency parameters of nonstationary processes

The aim of this work is to contrast techniques used to estimate two instantaneous frequency parameters of the surface electromyographic (EMG) signal, the instantaneous median frequency and the instantaneous mean frequency, based on their estimation error. Three methods are compared: Cohen class and Cohen-Posch class time- frequency representations are used to compute both the above- mentioned instantaneous frequency parameters, and a cross-time- frequency based technique is adopted to derive the instantaneous mean frequency. The results demonstrate that the algorithm based on Cohen-Posch class transformations leads to a standard deviation of the instantaneous frequency parameters that is smaller than that obtained using Cohen class representations. However, the cross- time-frequency estimation procedure for instantaneous mean frequency produced the smallest standard deviation compared to the other techniques. The algorithms based on Cohen class and Cohen- Posch class transformations often provided a lower bias than the cross-time-frequency based technique. This advantage was particularly evident when the instantaneous mean frequency varies non-linearly within the epochs used to derive the cross-time- frequency representation of the surface EMG signal.
Dietary Fish Meal Level and a Package of Choline, β-Glucan, and Nucleotides Modulate Gut Function, Microbiota, and Health in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar, L.)

Steatosis and inflammation have been common gut symptoms in Atlantic salmon fed plant rich diets. Choline has recently been identified as essential for salmon in seawater, and β-glucan and nucleotides are frequently used to prevent inflammation. The study is aimed at documenting whether increased fishmeal (FM) levels (8 levels from 0 to 40%) and supplementation (Suppl) with a mixture of choline (3.0 g/kg), β-glucan (0.5 g/kg), and nucleotides (0.5 g/kg) might reduce the symptoms. Salmon (186 g) were fed for 62 days in 16 saltwater tanks before samples were taken from 12 fish per tank for observation of biochemical, molecular, metabolome, and microbiome indicators of function and health. Steatosis but no inflammation was observed. Lipid digestibility increased and steatosis decreased with increasing FM levels and supplementation, seemingly related to choline level. Blood metabolites confirmed this picture. Genes in intestinal tissue affected by FM levels are mainly involved in metabolic and structural functions. Only a few are immune genes. The supplement reduced these FM effects. In gut digesta, increasing FM levels increased microbial richness and diversity, and changed the composition, but only for unsupplemented diets. An average choline requirement of 3.5 g/kg was indicated for Atlantic salmon at the present life stage and under the present condition.