Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
'Owning the space'-person-centred practice in a 100% single-room acute-care environment: an ethnographic study.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES Exploring the influence of the 100% single-room environment on staff and patient experience of person-centred practice in an acute-care setting. BACKGROUND Current building guidance for the NHS advocates increasing the single-room inpatient environment. There is little evidence of the impact of this design in adult acute-care settings on the experience and delivery of person-centred care. DESIGN Ethnography, underpinned by McCormack and McCance's Person-centred Practice Framework. METHODS Data collection took place between March and June 2018. Staff and patients in a National Health Service hospital in the United Kingdom took part in observations of practice (n = 108 hours); face to face inpatient interviews (n = 9); and participatory reflective staff groups (n = 3). A reflexive journal was kept by the researcher throughout the study. Reporting adhered to the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) checklist. RESULTS Themes relating to care delivery and interactions were identified. Staff and patients' views converged around visibility and isolation. Patients appreciated the privacy afforded by the single rooms, while staff experienced a psychological shift, being viewed (and viewing themselves) as 'visitors'. There was space for more sympathetic presencing, encouraging patients to speak more openly, to facilitate knowing and authentic engagement. However, time remained an issue resulting in more task-focused care. CONCLUSION Changes to the physical environment have an impact on the delivery and experience of person-centred practice. While the facilities enhance patient experience, the interweaving of engagement, emotional support and the development of therapeutic relationships remain challenging.
Olivocochlear projections contribute to superior intensity coding in cochlear nucleus small cells

Understanding communication signals, especially in noisy environments, is crucial to social interactions. Yet, as we age, acoustic signals can be disrupted by cochlear damage and the subsequent auditory nerve fibre degeneration. The most vulnerable medium‐ and high‐threshold‐auditory nerve fibres innervate various cell types in the cochlear nucleus, among which the small cells are unique in receiving this input exclusively. Furthermore, small cells project to medial olivocochlear (MOC) neurons, which in turn send branched collaterals back into the small cell cap. Here, we use single‐unit recordings to characterise small cell firing characteristics and demonstrate superior intensity coding in this cell class. We show converse effects when activating/blocking the MOC system, demonstrating that small‐cell unique coding properties are facilitated by direct cholinergic input from the MOC system. Small cells also maintain tone‐level coding in the presence of background noise. Finally, small cells precisely code low‐frequency modulation more accurately than other ventral cochlear nucleus cell types, demonstrating accurate envelope coding that may be important for vocalisation processing. These results highlight the small cell olivocochlear circuit as a key player in signal processing in noisy environments, which may be selectively degraded in ageing or after noise insult.
Nutritional approaches to counter performance constraints in high‐level sports competition

What is the topic of this review? The nutritional strategies that athletes use during competition events to optimize performance and the reasons they use them. What advances does it highlight? A range of nutritional strategies can be used by competitive athletes, alone or in combination, to address various event‐specific factors that constrain event performance. Evidence for such practices is constantly evolving but must be combined with understanding of the complexities of real‐life sport for optimal implementation.
Selective internal radiation therapy for hepatic metastases of uveal melanoma: a systematic review.

OBJECTIVE Uveal melanoma (UM) commonly metastasizes to the liver. Treatment usually consists of liver-directed therapies, such as selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT). This review aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of SIRT for hepatic metastases from UM. METHODS The study protocol is available at OSF (https://osf.io/vhyct/). EMBASE and MEDLINE were searched until July 2020, using terms related to SIRT and hepatic metastases from UM. Studies reporting outcomes of SIRT in patients with UM and at least one hepatic metastasis were included. Data on overall survival (OS), hepatic progression free survival (hPFS) or tumor response were collected. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to assess risk of bias. RESULTS 11 studies were included, reporting outcomes for 268 patients with hepatic metastases from UM. Most studies (n = 9, 81.8%) were retrospective. Disease control was achieved in 170 patients (67.5%) and the median OS from time of SIRT was 12.3 months. Median hPFS was 5.4 months. Low-grade side-effects were common but serious complications were infrequent. There were two treatment-related deaths. The median NOS score was 6 (moderate risk of bias). CONCLUSION SIRT appears to be a safe and effective treatment for patients with unresectable hepatic metastases from UM. The certainty of our results is unclear due to predominantly retrospective data with moderate risk of bias. Further prospective studies are required to explore the role of SIRT in UM. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE SIRT appears to be a safe treatment for patients with unresectable hepatic metastases from UM. Further prospective work is required.
How Are All Drinking Occasions, Intoxication Occasions, and All Alcohol Consumed Distributed Across Different Drinking Occasion Types? A Typology of Drinking Occasions in Finland.

OBJECTIVE To understand the contexts and characteristics of drinking occasions, we typologized drinking occasions and examined how different aspects of drinking vary in them and what part of population-level drinking and intoxication occasions each covers. METHOD A Finnish general population survey in 2016 (n = 2,285) with event-level data on drinking occasions (n = 6,697) was used. Occasion types were identified by latent class analysis. The characteristics of the drinking occasions were location, purpose, company, timing, duration, the amounts and beverages drunk, and estimated blood alcohol concentration (eBAC). RESULTS Eight drinking occasion classes were identified. The three most common ones were all light drinking occasions at home, with the company varying. Five of the eight types were about socializing with people beyond the family. The heaviest drinking occasion type, "big party nights," had an average eBAC of . 12%, which seemed to be connected to the long duration of these occasions. The most important contributors to total population-level intoxication occasions were "big party nights" and "at home with the family" occasions (accounting for 30% and 20%, respectively). In terms of contributions to the population's total alcohol consumption, the order of these classes was reversed (19% and 26%, respectively). Drinking at home with no visitors covered 40% of all the alcohol drunk in Finland. Different types of occasions varied little in beverage type composition. CONCLUSIONS For acute harm, "big party nights" are important to consider because of the prevalence of intoxication, whereas for chronic harm, drinking at home without visitors is even more important to consider.
Micromechanically controlled diffraction: a new tool for spectroscopy

The control of optical wavefronts can be accomplished in many ways and a wide array of static optical components have been developed to address this task. However, for many applications, the use of static optics limits the usefulness of the system. With the recent development of advanced micromachining methods, a new degree of flexibility has been introduced. The application of Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) technologies to the field of optics has opened new doors for reconfigurable surfaces which can control the reflection, transmission or diffraction of light. This paper will present one such class of devices based on the patented MEMS Compound Grating (MCG) in which a mechanical structure is created that can alter the diffractive behavior of the device through the active reconfigurration of the surface. The rulings of the MCG consist of doubly constrained beams with a custom electrode structure for controlled electrostatic adjustment. Using this ability to actively influence the diffraction of incoming light, increased information can be extracted without the addition of extra optical components. For example, this unique feature can resolve the order- wavelength uncertainty in as spectral instrument thus removing the limitation of free spectral range typical of spectrometers based on conventional diffraction gratings. This ability has implications for a wide variety of optically based sensor systems. The current status of the MCG development will be presented including materials and performance issues and initial integration into both commercial and custom, prototype spectrometers.
Polyneuropathy monitoring in Parkinson's disease patients treated with levodopa/carbidopa intestinal gel

Levodopa‐carbidopa‐intestinal‐gel (LCIG) infusion is an effective treatment for advanced PD with motor fluctuations. Polyneuropathy occurs as a complication in 10–15% of patients. We wanted to assess the frequency of polyneuropathy in Finnish advanced Parkinson's disease (PD) patients with continuous LCIG infusion, and the value of different clinical monitoring parameters during follow‐up.
Metabolome and Transcriptome Analysis predicts metabolism of violet-red color change in Lilium bulbs.

BACKGROUND During the storage and processing of Lilium bulbs, the phenomenon of violet-red colour change in Lilium bulbs which is different from enzymatic browning often exists, but the specific mechanism is not clear. RESULTS In this study, we chose six-year-old Lilium davidii var. unicolor to study. Bulb scales which were sealed in polyethylene film plastic bags were exposed to room temperature (20±2°C) treatment for 5 days (12 hours of sunshine and 12 hours of sun shading). Metabolomics and transcript omics were conducted to elucidate the mechanism of violet-red color change in Lilium bulbs. The results showed that the color of Lilium bulb scales was obvious violet-red in 5d; chromaticity value measuring showed the a-values showed the most significant upward trend. Metabolomics analysis showed many metabolites produced from flavonoid biosynthesis pathway showed an upward trend. Transcriptome revealed that flavonoid biosynthesis pathway was significantly enriched, of which 20 synthesis genes were highly regulated expression. Metabolome and Transcriptome co-analysis that up-regulated expression of flavonoids synthesis genes including 10 CHS, 2 ANR and CHI, F3'H, F3H, DFR, ANS, ANR, BZ1 and FLS were highly positive correlated with epicatechin, rutin and cyanidin 3-rutinoside. CONCLUSION Phenotypic, metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis indicated that the up-related expression levels of genes and accumulated flavonoids related to flavonoid metabolism contributed greatly to the violet-red colour change in Lilium bulbs. The results of this study will deepened our understanding of the color formation of violet-red Lilium bulbs and provided basis for future storage and preservation of Lilium bulbs. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Spectrally and angularly selective photothermal and photovoltaic converters under one-sun illumination

The efficiency of both photothermal and photovoltaic (PV) converters may be increased if their emittance is strongly forward-peaked. This technology was recently proposed for photothermal converters by Blanco et al (2004 Solar Energy 76 683). Ideal angularly and spectrally selective surfaces were defined in this paper. Optimization procedures for appropriately defined spectral and angular quantities were developed to maximize solar energy conversion efficiency. The optimization procedure for photothermal conversion is similar but formally simpler than that used by Blanco et al. The optimization procedure and the results shown here for PV conversion are new. The potential of the proposed technology to increase conversion efficiency is more important in the case of photothermal conversion (maximum possible increase of efficiency is about 0.3) than in the case of PV conversion (possible increase is about 0.1). This potential is weakly dependent on the irreversibilities inside both types of solar converters.
Recent advances and applications of power electronics and motor drives - Power converters

Resent advances and applications of power converters will be summarized in this short paper. Going back to the basics, the traditional power converter topologies are revisited, categorized and characterized. The voltage-and current-source topologies are then extended to DC-DC converters and matrix converters. This insightful categorization and characterization has led to many new developments: DC-DC converters for negative input voltage, the introduction of a new converter topology, Z-source, and matrix converters.
Long‐term first‐in‐man Phase I/II study of an adjuvant dendritic cell vaccine in patients with high‐risk prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy

Patients with high‐risk prostate cancer (PC) can experience biochemical relapse (BCR), despite surgery, and develop noncurative disease. The present study aimed to reduce the risk of BCR with a personalized dendritic cell (DC) vaccine, given as adjuvant therapy, after robot‐assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP).
The influence of inhibitory control on reappraisal and the experience of negative emotions

ABSTRACT Inhibitory control (IC) enables goal-directed behaviour by reducing the interference of irrelevant information. Studies have shown that IC can downregulate performance-based behavioural and physiological measures of emotional reactivity. This study examined whether transient recruitment of IC can modulate self-reported negative feelings after exposure to negative or neutral content. Furthermore, it was tested if triggering IC can improve the ability to reduce the negativity of unpleasant content by reinterpreting its meaning (cognitive reappraisal). For this purpose, a combined flanker and cognitive reappraisal task was performed by 49 participants. The flanker task was used to prime IC before participants reappraised or observed negative and neutral content. Priming IC before negative images reduced self-reported negative feelings compared to when IC was not primed. In contrast, priming IC before neutral images increased negative feelings. Priming IC had no influence on the ability to reappraise negative emotional content. Finally, trait rumination was associated with higher emotional reactivity only when IC was not primed. These results illustrate the importance of IC in decreasing emotional reactivity after being exposed to negative content. IC is revealed as a mechanism that can dynamically modulate subjective emotional reactivity as a function of emotional context.
Effects of GATA6-AS/MMP9 on malignant progression of endometrial carcinoma.

PURPOSE Previous studies have shown that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) GATA6-AS is a tumor suppressor gene. However, the role of GATA6-AS in endometrial cancer (EC) has not been reported. We aimed at investigating the expression characteristics of GATA6-AS in EC tissues and cell lines, and explored whether it inhibits the malignant progression of EC through modulating matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9). METHODS GATA6-AS expression in 17 pairs of EC tissues and adjacent ones was studied by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis. Meanwhile, GATA6-AS expression levels in EC cell lines were also evaluated by qRT-PCR assay. In addition, GATA6-AS overexpression model was constructed using lentivirus in EC cell lines KLE and HEC-1B. The impacts of GATA6-AS overexpression model was constructed using lentivirus in EC cell lines KLE and HEC-1B on the proliferation capacity and apoptosis of EC cells were assessed by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), 5-Ethynyl-2'- deoxyuridine (EdU), and flow cytometry experiments. Furthermore, we explored the interaction between GATA6-AS and MMP9 in EC cells via performing luciferase assay and cell reverse experiments. RESULTS Our data showed that GATA6-AS expression in EC tissue specimens was remarkably lower than that in adjacent ones. In vitro cell experiments revealed that overexpression of GATA6-AS markedly attenuated the proliferation ability of EC cells while elevated their apoptosis. Meanwhile, luciferase assay confirmed the binding relationship between GATA6-AS and MMP9. In addition, cell reverse experiments further demonstrated the mutual regulation between GATA6-AS and MMP9, which was, overexpression of MMP9 reversed the inhibitory influence of upregulation of GATA6-AS on the malignant progression of EC. CONCLUSIONS lncRNA GATA6-AS, lowly expressed in EC tissue samples. Additionally, lncRNA GATA6-AS may suppress the malignant progression of EC through the modulation of regulating MMP9.
A Machine Learning Approach for Predicting Real-time Risk of Intraoperative Hypotension in Traumatic Brain Injury

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability. Episodes of hypotension are associated with worse TBI outcomes. Our aim was to model the real-time risk of intraoperative hypotension in TBI patients, compare machine learning and traditional modeling techniques, and identify key contributory features from the patient monitor and medical record for the prediction of intraoperative hypotension. Methods: The data included neurosurgical procedures in 1005 TBI patients at an academic level 1 trauma center. The clinical event was intraoperative hypotension, defined as mean arterial pressure <65 mm Hg for 5 or more consecutive minutes. Two types of models were developed: one based on preoperative patient-level predictors and one based on intraoperative predictors measured per minute. For each of these models, we took 2 approaches to predict the occurrence of a hypotensive event: a logistic regression model and a gradient boosting tree model. Results: The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the intraoperative logistic regression model was 0.80 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.78-0.83), and for the gradient boosting model was 0.83 (95% CI: 0.81-0.85). The area under the precision-recall curve for the intraoperative logistic regression model was 0.16 (95% CI: 0.12-0.20), and for the gradient boosting model was 0.19 (95% CI: 0.14-0.24). Model performance based on preoperative predictors was poor. Features derived from the recent trend of mean arterial pressure emerged as dominantly predictive in both intraoperative models. Conclusions: This study developed a model for real-time prediction of intraoperative hypotension in TBI patients, which can use computationally efficient machine learning techniques and a streamlined feature-set derived from patient monitor data.
The phase diversity and the phase retrieval

Measuring optical wave-fronts precisely is a difficult task because detectors directly sense intensity, not phase. The most common method of measuring the phase uses an interferometer that creates an intensity distribution from which the phase of the field can be determined more easily. In order to overcome the wave-front distortion caused by atmosphere turbulence and optical system aberration, the system of wave-front solutions based on the focal plane image information can be used in the optical system in-line detection. The realizations of phase solver technology mainly include phase diversity and phase retrieval. So, this paper mainly explains phase diversity and phase retrieval.
Mechanical and chemical cues synergistically promote human venous smooth muscle cell osteogenesis through integrin β1‐ERK1/2 signaling: A cell model of hemodialysis fistula calcification

Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the vascular access of choice for renal replacement therapy. However, AVF is susceptible to calcification with a high prevalence of 40%–65% in chronic hemodialysis patients. Repeated needle puncture for hemodialysis cannulation results in intimal denudation of AVF. We hypothesized that exposure to blood shear stress in the medial layer promotes venous smooth muscle cell (SMC) osteogenesis. While previous studies of shear stress focused on arterial‐type SMCs, SMCs isolated from the vein had not been investigated. This study established a venous cell model of AVF using the fluid shear device, combined with a high phosphate medium to mimic the uremic milieu. Osteogenic gene expression of venous SMCs upon mechanical and chemical cues was analyzed in addition to the activated cell signaling pathways. Our findings indicated that upon shear stress and high phosphate environment, mechanical stimulation (shear stress) had an additive effect in up‐regulation of an early osteogenic marker, Runx2. We further identified that the integrin β1‐ERK1/2 signaling pathway was responsible for the molecular basis of venous SMC osteogenesis upon shear stress exposure. Mitochondrial biogenesis also took part in the early stage of this venopathy pathogenesis, evident by the up‐regulated mitochondrial transcription factor A and mitochondrial DNA polymerase γ in venous SMCs. In conclusion, synergistic effects of fluid shear stress and high phosphate induce venous SMC osteogenesis via the ERK1/2 pathway through activating the mechanosensing integrin β1 signaling. The present study identified a promising druggable target for reducing AVF calcification, which deserves further in vivo investigations.
Caregiver experiences of making treatment decisions for older women with breast cancer and dementia.

Family caregivers are an important source of support for older people living with dementia, especially when faced with a new diagnosis of cancer. Little is currently known about the caregiver role in facilitating treatment discussions, and the factors that underpin breast cancer treatment decision-making in older patients. This study used a sequential explanatory mixed method approach to explore the role of family caregivers in making cancer treatment decisions for older women (aged over 70 years) with pre-existing dementia and primary operable breast cancer. Thirteen caregivers participated in the study (13 completed a postal questionnaire; eight questionnaire respondents participated in a semi-structured interview). Quantitative data were analysed descriptively, and the Framework Approach was used to analyse qualitative findings and identify themes. Three themes were generated: (a) Clinical interactions, information and support; (b) Treatment decision-making processes and (c) Influences on treatment choice. These findings highlight the complexities that caregivers face when navigating cancer treatment options and their role in facilitating treatment decisions.
Local thermal effects in high performance bipolar devices/circuits

Self-heating effects in high-performance bipolar devices and circuits are discussed. A transistor model with self-heating effects, circuit simulation results with and without self-heating, and transient thermal measurements are presented. The relatively large thermal spreading resistance associated with the small device sizes used in VLSI and higher levels of integration in conjunction with the high power levels used in these devices give rise to large thermal gradients between devices within the same circuit. This is shown to result in an additional small (1% to 4%) delay component in a typical CSEF circuit. Larger delay is expected for certain circuits with devices operated at high power densities. <<ETX>>