Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multi-threshold CMOS Circuit Design Methodology from 2D to 3D

A new and exciting approach in digital IC design in order to accommodate the Moore’s law is 3D chip stacking. Chip stacking offers more transistors per chip, reduced wire lengths, and increased memory access bandwidths. This thesis demonstrates that traditional 2D design flow can be adapted for 3D chip stacking. 3D chip stacking has a serious drawback: heat generation. Die-on-die architecture reduces exposed surface area for heat dissipation. In order to reduce heat generation, a low power technique named Multi-Threshold CMOS (MTCMOS) was incorporated in this work. MTCMOS required designing a power management unit (to control when and which gates are powered), a MTCMOS gate library, and a state saving D-Flip-Flop. This thesis demonstrates converting a traditional 2D chip to a low heat 3D chip design with the use of MTCMOS technology using industry-standard CAD tools. This thesis is approved for recommendation to the Graduate Council.
Influence of heat input on weld integrity of weldments of two dissimilar steels

ABSTRACT The present study investigates the influence of heat input on microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of nitronic steel and super duplex stainless steel dissimilar welded joints. For this experimental purpose, carbon steel filler (ER70S–2) was employed using gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) with two heat input conditions: lower (0.624 kJ/mm) and higher (1.01 kJ/mm). The welded joint was subjected to the microstructure of different zones, including weld metal, base metals, and heat-affected zones/interfaces were accomplished by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscope. Tensile test, Impact test, and Vickers microhardness were conducted to study the mechanical properties. Microstructural evolution in the weld metal and heat-affected zone reported the presence of Type II boundary and macrosegregation. Hardness test investigation reveals that the weld metal’s hardness rises compared to the base metals. Moreover, the weldment hardness decreases at higher heat input than lower heat input. The tensile test study reveals that the lower heat input weldment exhibits more elongation and tensile strength than the higher heat input weldment. The Charpy impact tests show that the average toughness value increases with heat input. The results also indicate that the lower and higher heat input specimen exhibited brittle fracture.
Physiological and Clinical Aspects of Bioactive Peptides from Marine Animals

Biological molecules in nutraceuticals and functional foods have proven physiological properties to treat human chronic diseases. These molecules contribute to applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries by preventing food spoilage and cellular injury. Technological advancement in the screening and characterization of bioactive peptides has enabled scientists to understand the associated molecules. Consistent collaboration among nutritionists, pharmacists, food scientists, and bioengineers to find new bioactive compounds with higher therapeutic potential against nutrition-related diseases highlights the potential of the bioactive peptides for food and pharmaceutic industries. Among the popular dietary supplements, marine animals have always been considered imperative due to their rich nutritional values and byproduct use in the food and pharmaceutical industries. The bioactive peptides isolated from marine animals are well-known for their higher bioactivities against human diseases. The physiological properties of fish-based hydrolyzed proteins and peptides have been claimed through in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trials. However, systematic study on the physiological and clinical significance of these bioactive peptides is scarce. In this review, we not only discuss the physiological and clinical significance of antioxidant and anticancer peptides derived from marine animals, but we also compare their biological activities through existing in vitro and in vivo studies.
New variant management using multiple-domain mapping

1 BACKGROUND With complexity being the major challenge for industry, Teseon supports technologically oriented businesses in the automotive industry, engineering industry, as well as the electrical industry in planning and developing their complex products. The range of services comprises assistance in accessing, understanding and taking advantage of complexity through consulting and software tool development.
Pilot-Induced Oscillations and Human Dynamic Behavior

This is an in-depth survey and study of pilot-induced oscillations (PIO's) as interactions between human pilot and vehicle dynamics; it includes a broad and comprehensive theory of PIO's. A historical perspective provides examples of the diversity of PIO's in terms of control axes and oscillation frequencies. The constituents involved in PIO phenomena, including effective aircraft dynamics, human pilot dynamic behavior patterns, and triggering precursor events, are examined in detail as the structural elements interacting to produce severe pilot-induced oscillations. The great diversity of human pilot response patterns, excessive lags and/or inappropriate gain in effective aircraft dynamics, and transitions in either the human or effective aircraft dynamics are among the key sources implicated as factors in severe PIO's. The great variety of interactions which may result in severe PIO's is illustrated by examples drawn from famous PIO's. These are generalized under a pilot-behavior-theory-based set of categories proposed as a classification scheme pertinent to a theory of PIO's. Finally, a series of interim prescriptions to avoid PIO is provided.
Effects of long-term prescribed burning on timber value in hardwood forests of the Missouri Ozarks

Prescribed fire is commonly used for restoring and managing oak woodlands but raises concern over the risk of value loss to timber products. We used a long-term prescribed burning study to quantify standing timber volume and stumpage value, fire scar presence and size, and timber value loss in comparison to unburned stands. Three study treatments were initiated in 1949: annual burning (Annual; 1-year fire return interval), periodic burning (Periodic; 4-year fire return interval), and no burning (Control). In 2013, we measured the diameter at breast height (d.b.h.) and merchantable height of each overstory tree of sawtimber size (? 9.5 inches d.b.h.), from which standing volume and stumpage value were calculated. We measured the dimensions of each fire scar that was present and determined percent value loss based on previously published equations. We found that 4.8 percent of the overstory trees were scarred in the Annual plots compared to 54.8 percent in Periodic plots. At the stand level, percent value loss from fire damage was estimated to be less than 1 percent on Annual plots and less than 3 percent on Periodic plots. However, the stumpage values of Annual plots and Periodic plots were 29.9 percent and 34.3 percent lower than that of the Control plots, respectively, due to lower standing volume and greater prevalence of low-value species (i.e., post oak [Quercus stellata Wangenh.]). These results suggest that long-term, frequent prescribed burning affects stand-level timber value primarily through effects on stand structure and composition rather than fire damage.
A capacitive ice detection microsensor

An ice detection system using a microfabricated diaphragm as the sensing element and portable capacitance detection circuitry is presented. During operation, actuation forces are applied electrostatically to cause diaphragm deformation. Accumulation of ice on the diaphragm leads to an increase in its effective stiffness. Therefore, for a given actuation voltage, the ice-covered diaphragm exhibits a smaller deflection than the corresponding ice-free diaphragm. This deflection is measured using a customized, portable, high-sensitivity, differential capacitance measurement circuit. Finite-element analysis (FEA) is used to optimize the sensor geometry for enhanced sensitivity to ice accretion. The sensor is fabricated by bulk micromachining and wafer bonding of silicon and glass substrates. The sensor is operated with the diaphragm in the stiffness-sensitive mode, enabling the discrimination between ice and water (or deicing fluids) films. Calibration experiments reveal that the miniature ice detection sensor system can successfully detect ice and water film thicknesses between approximately 0.5-1.5 mm. Finally, dynamic testing indicates that the adhesion of ice to silicon is poor when the sensor is driven continuously.
A survey on Sentiment Analysis by Analyzing Public Review from Social Media

:-There has been rapid increase in the use of social media website in the last few years. People most conveniently express their views and experience on a new wide array of topic via social website. For product planning, marketing and customer service, it is necessary to capture and analyze these views. So, in this competitive world we find the need of analysis of the views about the products a vital task, to evaluate and improve the product quality, and as a result these opinions are relevant to companies. These opinions are easily accessed through the social website. This paper describe various methods in performing sentiment analysis.
Technology for the wireless interconnection of wearable personal electronic accessories

Wireless and low-power technology for interconnecting personal electronic accessories (PEAs) and a wearable basestation worn by a user is presented. This technology enables applications such as personal inertial navigation, medical monitoring, sports training, and virtual reality. PEAs require small size and weight, protocol robustness, and ultra low power consumption, Exploiting the short interconnect distance and designing an air interface protocol specifically for low power consumption allows reducing the analog/RF section power consumption to under five nanojoules per bit. DSP control of the LO, filters, PLL, power management, TDMA event control, FEC encoding and decoding, matched filters, and transducer present architectural challenges to achieve matching power consumption.
Biometric Recognition for safe Transaction using Vein Authentication System

This paper presents a review on the finger vein authentication device that uses blood vessel patterns as a personal identifying factor. The vein information is hard to duplicate since veins are internal to the human body. A reliable biometric system should recognize the person based on his physiological or behavioural characteristics. Today security becomes the most important aspects in this world so most of the country taken biometrics as a tool to solve the above mentioned problem. Some of the popular biometric techniques are fingerprint, face, hand/ finger geometry, iris, retina, signature, gait, voice, hand vein, or the DNA information. Vein technology is the fast growing technology today and veins are available beneath the person's skin. It was introduced to the world in 1992. The researchers paid their attention to this finger vein in the last ten years. The finger vein technology is different for each individuals and even it is different for the twins. It wont change even age grows. The finger vein is extracted from the patterns which are present inside the skin so the authentication is high compared to finger, face biometric technology. The two important methods which are used to acquire image from finger vein are contact and non contact methods. Non contact method is becoming popular around the world among the people. Contact method is similar to that of fingerprint enrolment technique. The authentication rate of finger vein technology is same as that of iris but the most disadvantage of iris is the application of light directly to the eye. So among the biometric techniques the finger vein technology is highly encouraging the researchers to develop more applications.
PON1 De ciency Promotes TREM2 Pathway- Mediated Microglial Phagocytosis and Inhibits Pro- In ammatory Cytokines Release in Vitro and in Vivo

Li Zhang ILAS: Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences Wei Dong ILAS: Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences Yuanwu Ma CAMS ILAS: Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences Lin Bai CAMS ILAS: Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences Xu Zhang CAMS ILAS: Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences Caixian Sun CAMS ILAS: Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences Jingwen Li CAMS ILAS: Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences lianfeng zhang (  zhanglf@cnilas.org ) Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences https://orcid.org/00000002-5774-2924
I/O-Optimal Cache-Oblivious Sparse Matrix-Sparse Matrix Multiplication

Data movements between different levels of the memory hierarchy (I/O-transitions, or simply I/O s) are a critical performance bottleneck in modern computing. Therefore it is a problem of high practical relevance to find algorithms that use a minimal number of I/O s. We present a cache-oblivious sparse matrix-sparse matrix multiplication algorithm that uses a worst-case number of I/O s that matches a previously established lower bound for this problem (0 (N2/B.M) read-I/Os and 0 (N2/B) write-I/Os, where $N$ is the size of the problem instance, $M$ is the size of the fast memory and $B$ is the size of the cache lines). When the output does not need to be stored, also the number of write-I/Os can be reduced to 0 (N2/B.M). This improves the worst-case I/O-complexity of the previously best known algorithm for this problem (which is cache-aware) by a logarithmic multiplicative factor. Compared to other cache-oblivious algorithms our algorithm improves the worst-case number of I/Os by a multiplicative factor of Θ(M. N). We show how the algorithm can be applied to produce the first I/O-efficient solution for the sparse 2- vs 3-diameter problem on sparse directed graphs.
Teaching Prepositions to EFL Learners Using Contemporary Methodologies of Teaching

The aim of the Master Thesis is to investigate the effectiveness of using contemporary methodologies of teaching as a learning medium in boosting students’ mastery of preposition of time, the impact of Albanian language in students’ acquisitions of prepositions, and also some effective methods in teaching English prepositions. This study is an action research with the Elementary students of ZAS Trade school in Prishtina. Participants in this study are 40 students over 18 years old, 22 males and 18 females. For this research study it is used a quasi experimental design and the students were divided into a control group and an experimental one. The qualitative data was gathered through a pre-test and a post-test which was only the reshuffled version of the pre- test. Also, a translation test was conducted at the end of the course to both groups of students which aimed to investigate the negative influence of students’ native language. The study showed that contemporary methodologies of teaching help learners acquire better knowledge regarding prepositions of time. The data from pre-test and post-test indicated that the students got better achievement after having learnt through contemporary methodologies of teaching. The results from the pre- test of both groups showed that students did not have much knowledge for time prepositions while the results of the post test showed that the experimental group performed better at the end of the course. The use of contemporary methodologies in teaching English prepositions is very effective in students’ mastery of time prepositions. Unlike traditional methodologies, contemporary methodologies involve students in learning through fun activities and playing. Students perform better when they are relaxed and feel comfortable within the environment they learn.
RapidPatch: Firmware Hotpatching for Real-Time Embedded Devices

Nowadays real-time embedded devices are becoming one main target of cyber attacks. A huge number of embedded devices equipped with outdated ﬁrmware are subject to various vulnerabilities, but they cannot be timely patched due to two main reasons. First, it is difﬁcult for vendors who have various types of fragmented devices to generate patches for each type of device. Second, it is challenging to deploy patches on many embedded devices without restarting or halting real-time tasks, hindering the patch installation on devices (e.g., industrial control devices) that have high availability requirements. In this paper, we present RapidPatch , a new hotpatching framework to facilitate patch propagation by installing generic patches without disrupting other tasks running on heterogeneous embedded devices. RapidPatch allows RTOS developers to directly release common patches for all downstream devices so that device maintainers can easily generate device-speciﬁc patches for different ﬁrmware. We utilize eBPF virtual machines to execute patches on resource-constrained embedded devices and develop three hotpatching strategies to support hotpatching for all major microcontroller (MCU) architectures. In particular, we propose two types of eBPF patches for different types of vulnerabilities and develop an eBPF patch veriﬁer to ensure patch safety. We evaluate RapidPatch with major CVEs on four major RTOSes running on different embedded devices. We ﬁnd that over 90% vulnerabilities can be hotpatched via RapidPatch . Our system can work on devices with 64 KB or more memory and 64 MHz MCU frequency. The average patch delay is less than 8 µ s and the overall latency overhead is less than 0.6%.
Socioeconomic Standards, Nutritional Knowledge and Dietary Habits of Ghanaian Athletes: A Study of Three Major Sporting Regions in Ghana

Nutrition is essential in ensuring athletes’ optimum sports performance and good health. This study’s objective was to assess the socioeconomic (SE) standards, the nutritional knowledge, and the dietary habits of athletes across three (3) sporting regions in Ghana. Further, this study aimed to examine the relationship between the socioeconomic (SE) standards, the nutritional knowledge, and the dietary habits of athletes. The sample drew from football, hockey and basketball players. Data collection relied on an adapted Dietary Habits and Nutritional Knowledge Questionnaire by Paugh, 2005, while examination of the relationships was done using chi-square tests of association, at 0.050 level of significance. The results showed that athletes had reasonably good nutritional knowledge and dietary habits, this highlighted by mean percentage scores of 69.42% and 66.26%, respectively. Assessment of athletes’ socioeconomic standards indicated that 80% lived on GHS1000 or less, per month. There were statistically significant relationships between sex and dietary habits, p=0.001; between sex and nutritional knowledge, p<0.001; between sporting disciplines and dietary habits, p=0.005; and between sporting disciplines and nutritional knowledge, p=0.021. Tests also revealed a statistically significant relationship between socioeconomic (SE) standard and nutritional knowledge, p=0.016. There was no significant relationship between athletes’ level of nutritional knowledge and their dietary habits, p=0.620. Neither did the study establish any relationship between SE standard and dietary habits, p=0.292. This suggests a need for more in-depth exploration of the relationship between the socioeconomic (SE) standards, nutritional knowledge, and dietary habits of athletes.
In vivo Toxicity Assessment of Biopesticide Emamectin Benzoate and Its Commercially Used Formulations in Pakistan

: The biopesticide, emamectin benzoate (EMB) is being considered as safe insecticide in agriculture and veterinary practice can induce cytotoxic and genotoxic effects thus have a potential risk for human health. Hence, in this study, cytotoxic, genotoxic effects of EMB (80%) and its commercially used formulations in Pakistan i.e. tycon 1.9% EC and tycon plus 5% EW were evaluated via in vivo acute toxicity (LD 50 ) in albino rats and rabbit. Genotoxicity was investigated by comet and bone marrow micronuclei assays. The tested EMB formulations were found moderately toxic (oral LD 50 : 122 to 168 mg·kg −1 ) causing severe eye irritation in rabbits. Likewise, these were highly toxic to fish. Acute oral exposure of EMB (80% and 5%) at 100 mg·kg −1 body weight (bw) to male rats reduced red blood cells, hemoglobin and slightly increased blood glucose, liver enzymes and blood urea levels but no significant damage to DNA was observed. Bone marrow toxicity was noticed with EMB formulation by reduction in the percentage of polychromatic erythrocytes. Results indicate that acute oral exposure to EMB formulations is highly toxic to fish and cause hemo-and hepatotoxicity in rats. These findings warrant cautious use of EMB and its different concentrations by keeping in view the safety of plants, animals and humans.
Research on Increasing the Robustness of Image Recognition Models Against Different Sets

In view of the problem that the recognition performance of the image recognition model trained by a specific dataset is significantly reduced after being transplanted to different dataset, an improved algorithm for attribute combination optimization based on the minimal weighted random search (MinW-Rsearch) and “Equal-Sum” (E-S) judgment method is proposed. First, the MinW-Rsearch algorithm is used to search the image attribute combination and the searched attribute combination is filter through the E-S judgment method. Then, the image that being transformed by the selected attribute combination is input to the improved neural network. Finally, the Adam optimization algorithm is used to train the model. The improved model was transplanted after training, and many experiments were carried out to compare the average classification accuracy of the transplanted model with that of the original model. The experimental results show that the recognition accuracy is increased by at least 5% after the improved digital recognition model is transplanted, which obviously improves the robustness of the recognition performance after the model is transplanted.
HEPATOPROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF POMEGRANATE AND APPLE JUICES AGAINST N-NITROSODIETHYLAMINE-INDUCED HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA IN MALE RATS

: Liver cancer represents a complex and fatal malignancy derived primarily due to oxidative stress and inflammation; it is the second most prevalent cause of death in underdeveloped and developing countries. The main objective of the present study was to investigate the hepatoprotective effect of pomegranate juice (PJ) and apple juice (AJ) against N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA)-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in male rats. Sixty adult male Sprague Dawley rats weighing 200 ± 5 g were used and randomized into 6 groups. Results showed that PJ and AJ antagonized NDEA-induced elevations of serum biochemical indices AST, ALT and ALP, and inhibited tumor biomarkers (alpha fetoprotein), TNF-α and NF-κ β and normalized the serum levels of total bilirubin, protein and albumin. The higher dose of PJ and AJ partly alleviated hepatic preneoplastic lesions induced by NDEA. The mechanistic studies revealed that PJ and AJ decreased the elevated in malondialdehyde, increased the content reduced glutathione and restored activities of SOD, GPx, and CAT antioxidant enzymes in hepatic tissue. In conclusion, PJ and AJ have a protective effect against NDEA-induced hepatocellular carcinoma. The present study was carried out to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of pomegranate and apple juices against hepatocellular carcinoma induced by N-nitrosodiethylamine in rats.