Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Drug Interaction between Dexamethasone and Ketoprofen with Thiopental in Male Dogs: Effect on the Recovery from Anesthesia and Pharmacokinetics Parameters

Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) are an important part of clinical veterinary pharmacology. Forty-two healthy mixed breed male dogs were randomly divided into three groups. The control group (C) received normal saline (1 mg/kg) 5 minutes before intravenous administration of thiopental (17 mg/kg), the T1 group received ketoprofen (2.2 mg/kg), and the T2 group received dexamethasone (0.2 mg/kg) 5 minutes before thiopental, respectively. Clinical parameters of anesthesia, heart rate, respiration rate, and electrocardiography were measured. Serum samples were also used to assay thiopental concentration using the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method, and then, thiopental pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated. Changes in the heart rate and respiration were significant intragroup differences 5 and 10 minutes after anesthesia, respectively. Recovery time parameters showed a significant increase between T1 and control groups (P < 0.05). Elimination rate and half-life of thiopental in the T1 group compared to the control and T2 groups showed a significant decrease and increase, respectively. In addition, the distribution of thiopental in T1 showed a significant increase compared to other groups. However, thiopental clearance in T1 and T2 groups had no significant difference with control (P > 0.05). It can be concluded that drug interaction between ketoprofen and thiopental causes to change in the pharmacokinetics parameters and recovery time from anesthesia in comparison with dexamethasone.
Perfusion CT imaging as a diagnostic and prognostic tool for dementia: prospective case–control study

Background As functional changes precede structural changes in dementia, we aimed to elucidate changes on cerebral perfusion CT (PCT) for early diagnosis of dementia; and to differentiate Alzheimer’s disease (AD) from vascular dementia (VaD). We also aimed to study correlation between Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA) score and PCT parameters. Methods We conducted a prospective case–control study enrolling 25 dementia patients (15 cases of VaD, 10 cases of AD) and 25 age-matched controls. PCT was performed on a 256-slice CT scanner. Using perfusion software, colour maps were generated for cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral blood volume (CBV), mean transit time and time-to-peak. These colour maps were first visually inspected for any abnormalities. Subsequently, quantitative assessment of perfusion parameters was done using symmetrical freehand region of interests drawn in bilateral frontal, temporal, parietal regions, basal ganglia and hippocampi. Results Strategic infarcts were present in 93.3% cases and white matter ischaemic changes in 100% cases of VaD. A global reduction in CBF and CBV was also observed in cases of VaD; whereas these parameters were significantly lower mainly in temporoparietal regions and hippocampi of patients with AD. There was significant positive correlation between MOCA score and various perfusion parameters in both forms of dementia. Conclusion PCT is a reliable imaging modality for early diagnosis of dementia and in differentiating VaD from AD. As perfusion parameters show positive correlation with MOCA score, they could be used as a surrogate marker of cognitive status in the follow-up of patients with dementia.
Profil Histopatologi Otot Jantung pada Tikus Hipertensi (Doca-Garam) yang Dipapar Kombinasi Ekstrak Metanolik Benalu Teh Dan Benalu Mangga (EMBTBM)

Beberapa jenis herbal dari kelompok benalu dan famili Loranthaceae juga berpotensi sebagai antihipertensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui profil histopatologi jantung pada tikus hipertensi (DOCA-Garam) yang dipapar Kombinasi Ekstrak Metanolik Benalu Teh dan Benalu Mangga (EMBTBM) selama 14 hari dengan metode true eksperimental design dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap pada 50 ekor tikus, dibedakan menjadi 5 perlakuan yaitu kontrol (-), kontrol (+), perlakuan 1 dosis 50 mg/KgBB, perlakuan 2 dosis 100 mg/KgBB dan perlakuan 3 dosis 200 mg/KgBB. Setiap perlakuan terdapat 5 kali ulangan. Dalam menganalisis data digunakan uji ANOVA one way yaitu JAMOVI dengan versi 1.1. 9.0. Sedangkan untuk perhitungan diameter sel menggunakan aplikasi IMAGE J. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa profil histopatologi jantung pada tikus hipertensi (DOCA-Garam) yang dipapar EMBTBM selama 14 hari pada nekrosis sel jantung menunjukkan perbedaan yang sangat nyata antara kelompok kontrol (+) dengan kontrol (-), perlakuan 1, 2, dan 3. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan hasil analisis p-value < 0.05 yaitu 0.002 sehingga disimpulkan bahwa EMBTBM berpengaruh terhadap jumlah rerata nekrosis sel organ jangtung. Terdapat perbedaan yang nyata juga pada jumlah diameter sel jantung tikus hipertensi antara kelompok kontrol (+) dengan kontrol (-), perlakuan 1, 2, dan 3. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan hasil analisis menunjukkan p-value < 0.05 yaitu 0.021, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa EMBTBM dapat mengecilkan diameter sel pada organ jantung. Kata kunci: Hipertensi, Jantung, Ventrikel Kiri, Histopatologi Anatomi, EMBTBM.
The impact of lateral boundary forcing in the CORDEX-Africa ensemble over southern Africa

Abstract. The region of southern Africa (SAF) is among the most exposed climate change hotspots and is projected to experience severe impacts on multiple economical and societal sectors. For this reason, producing reliable projections of the expected impacts of climate change is key for local communities. In this work we use a set of 19 regional climate models (RCMs) performed in the context of the Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX) – Africa and a set of 10 global climate models (GCMs) participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5), that were used as the driving GCMs in the RCM simulations. We are concerned about the degree to which RCM simulations are influenced by their driving GCMs, with regards to monthly precipitation climatologies, precipitation biases and precipitation change signal, according to the Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 8.5 for the end of the 21st century. We investigate the degree to which RCMs and GCMs are able to reproduce specific climatic features over SAF and over three sub-regions, namely the greater Angola region, the greater Mozambique region and the greater South Africa region. We identify that during the beginning of the rainy season, when regional processes are largely dependent on the coupling between the surface and the atmosphere, the impact of the driving GCMs on the RCMs is smaller, compared to the core of the rainy season, when precipitation is mainly controlled by the large-scale circulation. In addition, we show that RCMs are able to counteract the bias received by their driving GCMs, hence, we claim that the cascade of uncertainty over SAF is not additive, but indeed the RCMs do provide improved precipitation climatologies. The fact that certain bias patterns over the historical period (1985–2005) identified in GCMs are resolved in RCMs, provides evidence that RCMs are reliable tools for climate change impact studies over SAF.
How to Use Localized Surface Plasmon for Monitoring the Adsorption of Thiol Molecules on Gold Nanoparticles?

The functionalization of spherical gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in solution with thiol molecules is essential for further developing their applications. AuNPs exhibit a clear localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) at 520 nm in water for 20 nm size nanoparticles, which is extremely sensitive to the local surface chemistry. In this study, we revisit the use of UV-visible spectroscopy for monitoring the LSPR peak and investigate the progressive reaction of thiol molecules on 22 nm gold nanoparticles. FTIR spectroscopy and TEM are used for confirming the nature of ligands and the nanoparticle diameter. Two thiols are studied: 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid (MUDA) and 16-mercaptohexadecanoic acid (MHDA). Surface saturation is detected after adding 20 nmol of thiols into 1.3 × 10−3 nmol of AuNPs, corresponding approximately to 15,000 molecules per AuNPs (which is equivalent to 10.0 molecules per nm2). Saturation corresponds to an LSPR shift of 2.7 nm and 3.9 nm for MUDA and MHDA, respectively. This LSPR shift is analyzed with an easy-to-use analytical model that accurately predicts the wavelength shift. The case of dodecanehtiol (DDT) where the LSPR shift is 15.6 nm is also quickly commented. An insight into the kinetics of the functionalization is obtained by monitoring the reaction for a low thiol concentration, and the reaction appears to be completed in less than one hour.
Summaries of Ultra-Wide Bandwidth Radio

The Ultra Wide Bandwidth (UWB) radio, a novel radio technology, which is a significant progress in wireless communication, has a broad application prospect in wireless communication field, and will have great influence on military communication, commanding and armament controlling system. Based on the analysis of a great deal of technical reports on UWB radio and some of our research results, the principle of UWB radio is described and its characteristics are analyzed, by comparing with some traditional radio and other new techniques, such as Bluetooth, HomeRF and IEEE802.11. The latest advancement and the direction of research in this area are introduced.
The Response of the Estrogen-Related Receptor to 20-Hydroxyecdysone in Bombyx mori: Insight Into the Function of Estrogen-Related Receptor in Insect 20-Hydroxyecdysone Signaling Pathway

Estrogen-related receptor (ERR) is an orphan nuclear receptor that was first discovered in animals, and play an important role in metabolism, development, and reproduction. Despite extensive research on the function of ERR, its transcriptional regulation mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we obtained the upstream region of Bombyx mori ERR (BmERR) and confirmed the promoter activity of this region. Interestingly, we found that 10 and 50 nM 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) up-regulated the transcriptional activity of BmERR promoter. In addition, eight putative ecdysone response elements (EcREs) were predicted in the upstream sequence of BmERR. Based on their positions, the upstream sequence of BmERR was truncated into different fragments. Finally, an EcRE-like sequence (5′-AGTGCAGTAAACTGT-3′) was identified. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and cell transfection experiments confirmed that this motif specifically binds to the complex formed between ecdysone receptor (BmEcR) and the ultraspiracle (BmUSP), a key complex in the 20E signaling pathway. Interference of BmERR or BmEcR mRNA in the embryonic cells of Bombyx mori significantly affected the expression of BmEcR and BmUSP. Overall, these results suggested that an EcRE element was identified from BmERR, and this will help understanding the detailed regulatory mechanism of ERR in insects.
Fruits and Vegetables Freshness Categorization Using Deep Learning

: The nutritional value of perishable food items, such as fruits and vegetables, depends on their freshness levels. The existing approaches solve a binary class problem by classifying a known fruit \ vegetable class into fresh or rotten only. We propose an automated fruits and vegetables categorization approach that first recognizes the class of object in an image and then categorizes that fruit or vegetable into one of the three categories: pure-fresh, medium-fresh, and rotten. We gathered a dataset comprising of 60K images of 11 fruits and vegetables, each is further divided into three categories of freshness, using hand-held cameras. The recognition and categorization of fruits and vegetables are performed through two deep learning models: Visual Geometry Group (VGG-16) and You Only Look Once (YOLO), and their results are compared. VGG-16 classifies fruits and vegetables and categorizes their freshness, while YOLO also localizes them within the image. Furthermore, we have developed an android based application that takes the image of the fruit or vegetable as input and returns its class label and its freshness degree. A comprehensive experimental evaluation of proposed approach demonstrates that the proposed approach can achieve a high accuracy and F1score on gathered FruitVeg Freshness dataset. The dataset is publicly available for further evaluation by the research community.
English medium instruction in the higher education in Pakistan: A retrospective analysis using the ROAD-MAPPING framework

Abstract. Introduction. EMI (English as a medium of instruction) is increasing far and wide due to spread of English around the world. Internationalisation and globalisation have compelled various counties to adopt EMI. However, the adoption of EMI in the higher education in Pakistan was more a colonial legacy than a thoughtful choice. In fact, EMI has remained the medium of instruction in the higher education in Pakistan for over seventy years.Aim. The aim of the article was to examine the factors that have contributed to implementation and continuation of EMI in the higher education in Pakistan.Methodology and research methods. The work is based on the retrospective analysis of the available literature on English-medium instruction in the higher education in Pakistan using the ROAD-MAPPING framework. Qualitative text analysis method (concept-driven) was utilised to deductively analyse the data. Thematic analysis of data was conducted employing inductive approach (data-driven). Results. The analysis revealed that English played (and still plays) the roles of official language and MOI (medium of instruction) at the university level in Pakistan. It was also established that these roles remained controversial yet unbeatable due to unclear policies regarding local languages and the tacit, unflinching support EMI received from the corridors of power. In addition, it was also observed that over the years, EMI had received considerable favour from teachers, parents and students in the higher education. Conversely, the research evidence indicated that EMI posed pedagogical challenges to students and teachers which were evident in students’ struggle with academic acculturation. Moreover, it was found out that tensions between international demands and local needs have not only created a socio-economic gap but have also discouraged the development of local languages.Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty of this work presents a bigger picture of independent yet interconnected dimensions that have influenced EMI in higher education in Pakistan.Practical significance. The study draws interesting conclusions based on the analysis and discusses practical recommendations for key stakeholders. Thus, the work will be worthy of consideration by educators who are interested in studying this concept in the context of Pakistan where the literature desperately lacks any theoretically-backed substantial work in this research area.
Imaginative Children in the Classroom: Mixed-Methods Examining Teacher Reported Behavior, Play Observations and Child Assessments

ABSTRACT During imaginative play, children may learn foundational skills important for academic success. Indeed, imaginative children, high in fantasy orientation (FO), may have advantages in skills that support positive classroom and social behavior. Yet findings are mixed regarding the classroom behavior of children high in fantasy orientation. The purpose of the current study was to examine the cognitive and social skills of children who typically engage in imaginative play in comparison to their peers in classroom contexts across multiple informants: child, teacher, and classroom observers. Ninety preschoolers and their teachers completed measures of fantasy orientation (FO), self-regulation, emotion knowledge, vocabulary, and social competence. Further, observers reported on children’s classroom behaviors. Research Findings: Cluster analyses revealed children with higher scores on direct assessments of executive functioning, emotion knowledge, and vocabulary had higher FO. Additionally, children whose teachers reported them as socially competent had higher FO. Finally, children who were rated by classroom observers as high in emotive social play, peer conversation, and physical activity had higher FO. Thus, across multiple informants, children high in FO and imaginative play exhibited higher cognitive and social skills in the classroom. Practice or Policy: These findings suggest that children high in FO may have benefits in skills that are related to positive academic skills in comparison to peers. Curricula should continue to examine the utility of imaginative play as a context to support cognitive and socioemotional development.
Accountability and learning with motivated agents

Should accountability be introduced to organizations that are learning about the right policies to achieve their goals? I develop an agency model focusing on the interactions between accountability and an agent’s intrinsic motivation. More effort by the agent leads to more informative policy outcomes and thereby better policy learning. Holding the agent accountable for the policy outcomes motivates the agent and thus improves policy learning. However, by removing the agent from office upon policy failure and thereby taking away his benefit from learning through failure, accountability also discourages the agent. This negative effect is more substantial when the intrinsic motivation is higher. The principal, therefore, refrains from using accountability on the agent who is more intrinsically motivated.
V-CARMA: A tool for the detection and modification of antigen-specific T cells

Significance Immunotherapy is a promising approach to treat cancers, infectious diseases, and autoimmunity by harnessing the power of immune cells, especially T cells. To improve the precision and efficacy of immunotherapy, the ability to genetically modify antigen-specific T cells is needed but cannot be accomplished using current methods. Here, we present a method, V-CARMA (Viral ChimAeric Receptor MHC-Antigen), to generate lentiviruses displaying peptide-MHC complex to specifically target T cells that express cognate TCRs and subsequently deliver genes into target T cells for genetic modification. Our results demonstrate that V-CARMA is a versatile tool to detect and modify antigen-specific T cells. T cells promote our body’s ability to battle cancers and infectious diseases but can act pathologically in autoimmunity. The recognition of peptides presented by major histocompatibility complex (pMHC) molecules by T cell receptors (TCRs) enables T cell–mediated responses. To modify disease-relevant T cells, new tools to genetically modify T cells and decode their antigen recognition are needed. Here, we present an approach using viruses pseudotyped with peptides loaded on MHC called V-CARMA (Viral ChimAeric Receptor MHC-Antigen) to specifically target T cells expressing cognate TCRs for antigen discovery and T cell engineering. We show that lentiviruses displaying antigens on human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I and class II molecules can robustly infect CD8+ and CD4+ T cells expressing cognate TCRs, respectively. The infection rates of the pseudotyped lentiviruses (PLVs) are correlated with the binding affinity of the TCR to its cognate antigen. Furthermore, peptide-HLA pseudotyped lentivirus V-CARMA constructs can identify target cells from a mixed T cell population, suppress PD-1 expression on CD8+ T cells via PDCD1 shRNA delivery, and induce apoptosis in autoreactive CD4+ T cells. Thus, V-CARMA is a versatile tool for TCR ligand identification and selective T cell manipulation.
Rehabilitation of muscle strength by means of the Huber 360 platform in lumbar radiculopathy

For society, lumbosacralgia represents a financial problem and one of the main causes of disability; the average duration of absence from work because of a disorder in the lumbosacral region is 7 days. A lumbar stabilisation programme is a challenge for physical therapists in the case of patients with acute radiculopathy. The Huber 360 platform can be used within some specific programmes that aim at maintaining and improving health. The device is equipped with built-in force sensors and can be used in medical rehabilitation to both evaluate the patient and carry out the specific programmes. The purpose of this paper is to implement and verify the efficiency of distal proximal kinetotherapy achieved by using the Huber 360 platform as an alternative to classical rehabilitation methods. The study included 3 subjects, 1 woman and 2 men, who benefited from a rehabilitation protocol where both the evaluation and kinetotherapy programmes were performed using the Huber 360 platform. The results of the group emphasise an increase in maximum strength in a precise position at a certain moment and therefore it is noticed that the final strength values are balanced. The results of the study have shown that this approach is efficient in the functional treatment of compressive lumbar radiculopathy.
Case Report on Cellulitis

Introduction: Cellulitis is a bacterial infection that causes an inflammatory condition of the skin that affects the dermis and subcutaneous tissues. 2016 (Lee and Levell). Cellulitis of the lower limbs is a potentially dangerous condition (Halpern et al, 2008). Rubor or erythema, which is warm to the touch and often combined with a degree of localised oedema, is the most common symptom. However, because diagnosis is dependent exclusively on clinical data, it is commonly misdiagnosed [1]. There are a number of different illnesses that have symptoms that are similar to cellulitis. The purpose of this page is to provide information on the clinical symptoms of lower limb cellulitis as well as treatment options ensuring that practitioners are capable of making an accurate diagnosis and developing successful treatment programmes [2]. Clinical Findings: Fever, pain over right lower leg, wound present right dorsal foot, weariness, malaise, and swelling were the patient’s main complaints. Diagnostic Evaluation: Haemoglobin 14.7%,total RBC count 4.77, total WBC count 16100, platelet count 1.56, KFT – UREA -57 CREATININE -2.0 potassium- 4.6, LFT ALKALINE PHOSPHATE -105, ALBUMIN3- 0 TOTAL BILIRUBIN- 1.4 micro report is normal. His liver function and coagulation studies were normal. A diagnostic work-up that includes blood cultures, dengue, malaria smear, typhoid, and other tests. The following tests were sent: leptospirosis, monospot and stool investigations, and Clostridium difficile PCR [3]. Therapeutic Intervention: Four primary analgesic drugs, antibiotics drug in penicillin. Conclusion: My patient, a 65-year-old man, was hospitalised to the Hospital's medicine ward on June12, 2021.Fever, pain over right lower leg, wound present right dorsal foot, fatigue, malaise, and edema were among the symptoms that the patient had. His health improved when he received appropriate treatment. The patient was follow up after 1 weak [4].