Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Conical flower cells reduce surface gloss and improve colour signal integrity for free-flying bumblebees

Colour signals of flowers facilitate detection, spontaneous preference, discrimination and flower constancy by important bee pollinators. At short distances bees orient to floral colour patterns to find a landing platform and collect nutrition, potentially improving the plants’ reproductive success when multiple flowers are visited sequentially. In addition to pigments and backscattering structures within the petals’ internal layers, the epidermal micro-structure of the petals’ surface may also influence petal reflectance properties and thus influence overall colour patterns via optical effects. Gloss, i.e., shine caused by specular reflections of incident light from smooth surfaces, may for example alter the visual appearance of surfaces including flowers. We classify the epidermal surface properties of petals from 39 species of flowering plants from 19 families by means of a cell shape index, and measure the respective surface spectral reflectance from different angles. The spontaneous behavioural preferences of free flying bumblebees (Bombus terrestris) for surfaces with different micro-textures was then tested using specially prepared casts of selected flower petals. We specifically tested how the petal colour as function of the angle of incident light, surface structure and bee approach angle influences bumblebees’ spontaneous choices for artificial flowers. We observe that bumblebees spontaneously prefer artificial flowers with conical-papillate micro-structures under both multidirectional illumination and under spotlight conditions if approaching against the direction of spotlight, suggesting conical cells help promote constant signals by removing gloss that may confound the integrity of colour signalling.
Online Learning Design for Animalia Classification Materials With Discovery Learning-Based Learning Videos and Vee . Diagrams

Preliminary study was done by giving a cognitive test using a two-tier diagnostic test to 147 students of 10 high schools from 5 districts. It showed that the questions that a respondent can accomplished was only 56%. This research aims to 1) know the characteristics of online learning using video for animalia classification materials based on discovery learning and vee diagrams 2) determine the feasibility of learning videos for animal classification based on discovery learning and Vee diagrams. This research is a qualitative descriptive research. The research subjects were biology teachers and grade X students of public senior high school in Wonogiri. The respondents were purposively selected. Data was collected from observation, interview, and documentation. Data collection instrument were questionnaire for teachers on learning models and animal classification materials, students' questionnaires on learning video. The findings are 1) The video for animalia classification made the learning more interesting, help the students to build concepts and make learning more meaningful 2) learning video is suitable for use in online learning animal classification based on the results of teacher questionnaires at four aspects: (1) selection of learning resources and media teaching 87,50% (2) learning approaches and methods 87,50% (3) learning model syntax 90,63% (4) Evaluation 83,3% and the average result for material content 91,11%. Students also gave positive responses on learning video: (1) display 82,47% (2) materials 81,24% (3) learning model 81,9%.
Domestic bliss, or technological diss? Problematic media use, partner responsiveness, and relationship outcomes

The purpose of this study was to examine how problematic media use (technoference, internet gaming disorder symptoms, and pornography use) predicted later partner relationship outcomes, operating through the mediator of partner responsiveness. Participants (N = 1039) were from Waves II–IV of a nationally representative quantitative study on marriage relationships across the United States. Both spouses completed surveys reporting problematic media use, partner responsiveness, and relationship outcomes at three separate time points each spaced a year apart. In order to test the hypotheses, three longitudinal actor-partner interdependence models with indirect paths were estimated, with each model corresponding to one type of problematic media use. Results indicated that at the cross-sectional level, all three types of problematic media use had significant indirect actor and partner effects, where problematic media use predicted lower relationship outcomes through the intervening variable of partner non-responsiveness. Longitudinally, wife technoference directly negatively predicted later partner responsiveness, but there were no full indirect paths of Wave II problematic media to Wave IV relationship outcomes through the intervening variable of Wave III partner responsiveness. Implications of these findings and future directions are discussed.
Funciones de evaluación de calidad para un tránsito inteligente

Los problemas de tránsito aumentan constantemente y las ciudades del futuro solo pueden ser verdaderamente inteligentes si habilitan la Movilidad Inteligente (en inglés, Smart Mobility). Aplicaciones de movilidad inteligente como el control de semáforos, el estacionamiento inteligente y la gestión del tránsito, entre otras están comenzando a ser utilizadas en todo el mundo, trayendo beneficios a las ciudades, mejor calidad de vida, costos reducidos, uso de energía más eficiente y disminución de las emisiones vehiculares. Mejorar la movilidad representa un gran reto. Actualmente, una ciudad con tráfico congestionado y muchos embotellamientos conduce a más contaminación. Por lo tanto, con la gestión inteligente del tránsito, el consumo de combustible y las emisiones contaminantes pueden ser reducidas. A diferencia de técnicas tales como semáforos inteligentes que requieren nueva infraestructura, ubicación de sensores y modificaciones en obras civiles ya construidas, el uso de técnicas de inteligencia artificial en la optimización de los ciclos de semáforos se presenta como una herramienta viable, rápida, eficiente y de bajo costo. En este trabajo se proponen diferentes funciones de evaluación de calidad con un algoritmo genético celular (cGA) aplicadas a dos grandes escenarios cercanos a la realidad en áreas urbanas ubicadas en las ciudades de Málaga (España) y París (Francia), simuladas por el popular micro-simulador SUMO (Simulator Urban MObility). La comparación de las diferentes funciones revela la bondad de algunas funciones logrando a una reducción significativa en términos de las tasas de emisión y del consumo total de combustible, además de una reducción en los tiempos de variables de tránsito analizadas.
The Impact of COVID-19 on Tuberculosis Patients’ Behavior of Seeking Medical Care — China, 2020

What is already known on this topic? The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has disrupted the tuberculosis (TB) service system. However, the impact on TB patients in China remains unknown. What is added by this report? This report firstly addressed the impact of COVID-19 on TB patients in China. About half of TB patients did not revisit the hospital due to personal reasons. The reasons for irregular medication and postponing or cancelling examination after full treatment course were different. What are the implications for public health practice? Health education and risk communication should be strengthened for better TB patient management and treatment adherence, especially in light of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Developing Hopeful Minds: Can Teaching Hope Improve Well-being and Protective Factors in Children?

ABSTRACT The present study examined the efficacy of Hopeful Minds, a 12 week hope based school intervention programme in a sample of 153 pre- and early- adolescent secondary school children (11–14 years) in the North West of Ireland. This study used a one-group, pretest-posttest design to determine whether participants experienced changes regarding their hope, well-being, and a range of known protective factors. Results from a Wilcoxin Signed Ranks test showed significant increases in children’s hope scores post intervention. Resilience and adaptive coping skills of stoicism and social support seeking were also significantly improved. Although pre–post intervention improvements in well-being or emotional regulation/arousal scores were observed, results were non-significant. However, further analysis examined associations between hope and a range of well-being and protective factors using linear regression. Hope was found to be significantly associated with improvements in each of the well-being scores of anxiety, depression, resilience, positive emotion, reduced negative emotion, emotional control, stoicism, social support seeking and self-care. No associations were found between hope and rumination. This study builds upon the extant evidence for the implementation of the Hopeful Minds school based intervention. Further, the study demonstrates that teaching and thereby increasing hope has a significant positive impact on child and adolescent well-being and a range of protective factors; factors known to buffer against mental ill health and suicide.
The effect of contrast agents on the anticoagulant properties of oral factor Xa inhibitors

Background Contrast agents may affect the anticoagulant properties of novel oral anticoagulants. Purpose To evaluate the effect of iohexol as a contrast agent on the anticoagulant activity of oral factor Xa inhibitors. Material and Methods The study included 65 individuals who underwent contrast computed tomography(CT). Group 1 comprised 20 patients using rivaroxaban, Group 2, 20 patients using apixaban, and Group 3, 20 patients using edoxaban. Group 4 was the control group of five healthy volunteers. Iohexol (60 mL) was used as a contrast agent. Blood samples of 2 mL were withdrawn into two tubes at 4 h after the drug dose and 1 h after the contrast CT (CT was performed 3 h after the drug was taken) from all the patients, and for the control group, at any time before and 1 h after contrast CT. The anticoagulant properties of rivaroxaban, apixaban, and edoxaban were evaluated using anti-factor Xa levels. Results The anti-factor Xa level was increased after using the contrast agent in the rivaroxaban group (0.66 ± 0.32 U/mL vs. 0.67 ± 0.32 U/mL; P = 0.01) and the edoxaban group (0.74 ± 0.35 U/mL vs. 0.76 ± 0.36 U/mL; P = 0.006). No significant difference was observed in the apixaban group (0.66 ± 0.33 U/mL vs. 0.66 ± 0.32 U/mL; P = 0.21) and control group (0.02 ± 0.01 U/mL vs. 0.03 ± 0.01 U/mL; P = 0.33). Conclusion The anticoagulant properties of rivaroxaban and edoxaban tended to increase significantly, but there was no statistically significant difference in the anticoagulant properties of apixaban after the administration of contrast agent. To determine whether the small laboratory difference has a clinical effect, there is a need for larger clinical trials (NCT04611386).
Alfa-sinukleina biomarkatzaile gisa Parkinson gaixotasunaren diagnostikoan (Alpha-synuclein

: Parkinson disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease, characterized pathologically by the presence of Lewy bodies and the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons. Currently, the diagnosis of PD is based on clinical criteria; that is, it is diagnosed when motor symptoms appear such as limb tremor, slowness of movement or muscle stiffness. However, by the time motor symptoms appear, more than half of the dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain have been lost. Furthermore, as clinical diagnosis of PD is challenging, misdiagnosis is common. This highlights the need for disease-specific and early-stage biomarkers. Lewy bodies are rich in α-synuclein protein, who plays a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of PD. Therefore, α-synuclein may be useful as a PD biomarker. Therefore, the objective of this review is to summarize the efficacy of body fluid α-synuclein and its proteoforms measurements in the detection of PD. In fact, the identification of specific, sensitive, and non-invasive biomarkers is essential especially in regard to existing and future disease modifying treatments. Although the main candidate has been the measurement of α-synuclein in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), CSF collection procedure is quite invasive and unsuitable in most clinical settings. Consequently, the presence of this protein and its proteoforms in biofluids such as blood plasma, saliva and tears has been investigated. Based on the results of these studies, phosphorylated and oligo-meric α-synuclein are the best candidates for PD diagnosis. Until now, the measurement of α-synuclein has had multiple technical limitations, but the repeatability and reliability of immunoassays created in the last years has increased considerably. Therefore, it is expected that the potential of the main candidate biomarkers for PD diagnosis will be verified in the upcoming years.
Assessment of Social Self-perceptions of Acceptance and Enmity in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

This study analyzes the self-perceptions of social competence in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It compares two groups of participants, children with ADHD (N = 20) and children without ADHD (N = 20) ages between 8 and 12 years old. Sociometric questionnaires were completed by two groups of participants and 707 peers, as well as a questionnaire that evaluates children’s behavior from parents’ and teachers’ perspectives. Results indicate that children with ADHD correctly perceive enmity, but incorrectly perceive friendship. Children with ADHD have low rates of positive reciprocity and qualities that indicate friendship differs considerably from the children without ADHD. The children with ADHD have a different profile of social self-perception than children without ADHD, especially regarding recognizing friendship. The results contribute to the understanding of perceptions of elements of peer relationship and friendships with strong ecological validity. This small scale study provides a proof of concept for improving ecological validity in the methods of evaluating social skills and social emotion learning programming for children with ADHD.
Reduction conceptualization of oracle schemes

This work is aimed at developing an intersubjective paradigm and an active role of the subject in reduction conceptualization. For this purpose, the general oracular scheme of conceptualization is concretized by the complementarity of composition and decomposition as explications of synthesis and analysis of entities. Pragmatically conditioned enrichment of this complementarity is carried out with the involvement of compositional programming and nominal models of data, functions, and compositions. The oracular scheme of reduction is considered, the meaning of which is that it, based on existing compositions, naturally implements the paradigm of “divide and conquer” in understanding the active role of the subject in conceptualization, supporting the real complementarity of decomposition and compositional methods of conceptualization. Representative examples of reduction conceptualization are shown, which substantiate the technology of solving programming problems.
PRAM: A Practical Sybil-Proof Auction Mechanism for Dynamic Spectrum Access With Untruthful Attackers

Auction is becoming increasingly popular for dynamic spectrum access (DSA), while it is extremely vulnerable to sybil attacks. Existing studies on sybil-proof DSA auction impractically assume that attackers bid truthfully based on true appraisals. This paper, for the first time, considers untruthful attackers and investigates the sybil-proof auction design in such more hazardous scenarios. To justify the new assumption, we first show that attackers obtain higher utilities by bidding untruthfully, especially in networks with inadequate channels. Based on this novel finding, we then design a practical sybil attack model named EqualSumBid Sybil, where attackers follow an equal-sum rule (i.e., the sum bid value of the multiple identities of an attacker equals the bid value when it bids with only one identity) instead of their true appraisals. To ensure efficient DSA under the new attack, we finally propose the PRAM, a Practical sybil-pRoof Auction Mechanism, where suspicious identity merging and bid-independent bidder sorting methods are introduced to alleviate the effect of untruthfulness on spectrum auction. Furthermore, winner selection and payment methods are designed to resist the EqualSumBid Sybil attack. Theoretical analyses and numerical results show that PRAM not only resists the EqualSumBid Sybil attack but also achieves individual rationality and truthfulness.
Distributed convex optimization via proportional-integral-differential algorithm

This paper studies the distributed convex optimization problem, where the global utility function is the sum of local cost functions associated to the individual agents. Only using the local information, a novel continuous-time distributed algorithm based on proportional-integral-differential (PID) control strategy is proposed. Under the assumption that the global utility function is strictly convex and local utility functions have locally Lipschitz gradients, the exponential convergence of the proposed algorithm is established with undirected and connected graph among these agents. Finally, numerical simulations are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of theoretical results.
Hybrid-Strand Winding Topology With Improved Power Density in Automotive Electric Machines

The rectangular profile conductor with a large cross section requires less slot space and has better heat dissipation ability than the traditional round profile one. But its application in automotive propulsion electric machines is thwarted by high ac winding losses and temperature rise under high-speed operations. This article proposes a novel stator winding topology with hybrid strands based on the ac losses' distribution characteristics and the theoretical relationship between the eddy current suppressing ability and the geometric parameters. The new winding can effectively reduce the ac loss and the peak temperature in the winding at high-speed operation. Meanwhile, it can maintain a high filling rate. Therefore, the machine's maximum rotating speed and power density can be effectively improved. In experimental validation, a winding sample with this new topology is manufactured and compared with the conventional one formed by rectangular wires. It shows the proposed method can reduce the winding ac loss by up to 12% and the temperature rise by 10–21%. It is validated to have considerable industrial potential in the future development of automotive motors.
Intravenous Administration of Hair Follicle Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Insulin Growth Factor-1 Improves the Neurological Performances of Rats Following Focal Cerebral Ischemia

Background: Focal cerebral ischemia is a common cerebrovascular disease with limited treatment options, and new treatments are therefore urgently needed. Hair follicle mesenchymal stem cells (HF-MSCs) are considered ideal cells for the treatment of neurological disorders. Insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is an effective neuroprotective compound. Methods: In the present study, we used middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model to evaluate the therapeutic effects of HF-MSCs and IGF-1 in focal cerebral ischemia. After middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), rats were randomly divided into six groups. HF-MSCs and IGF-1 were transplanted into rat models by tail vein injection. The fate of transplanted HF-MSCs in the rat brain was assessed using immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, Western blot analysis, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Beam balance tests and neurological severity scores were used to assess neurological recovery. Results: HF-MSCs labeled with the green fluorescent dye PKH67 were found to colocalize with 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) and neural-specific markers. Rats in the HF-MSCs, IGF-1 and HF-MSCs + IGF-1 groups exhibited neural differentiation marker expression, with those in the HF-MSCs + IGF-1 group exhibiting the highest levels. Conclusions: These results suggest that the combined treatment of HF-MSCs and IGF-1 can enhance neurological recovery, representing a new therapeutic strategy for cerebral ischemia.
Pressure-Tuned Superconducting Dome in Chemically-Substituted κ-(BEDT-TTF)2Cu2(CN)3

The quantum spin liquid candidate κ-(BEDT-TTF)2Cu2(CN)3 has been established as the prime example of a genuine Mott insulator that can be tuned across the first-order insulator–metal transition either by chemical substitution or by physical pressure. Here, we explore the superconducting state that occurs at low temperatures, when both methods are combined, i.e., when κ-[(BEDT-TTF)1−x(BEDT-STF)x]2Cu2(CN)3 is pressurized. We discovered superconductivity for partial BEDT-STF substitution with x = 0.10–0.12 even at ambient pressure, i.e., a superconducting state is realized in the range between a metal and a Mott insulator without magnetic order. Furthermore, we observed the formation of a superconducting dome by pressurizing the substituted crystals; we assigned this novel behavior to disorder emanating from chemical tuning.
The Role of Industry 4.0 Technologies in Mitigating Supply Chain Disruption: Empirical Evidence From the Australian Food Processing Industry

Supply chain disruption refers to a breakdown, often caused by an unforeseen incident or risk, in a supply chain's production or distribution process. Contemporary supply chains are globalized, complex, and extended, exhibiting an increased vulnerability to a multitude of risks and disruptions. However, the current trend of real-time data exchange through smart technologies, also known as industry 4.0, provides significant opportunities to reshape the conventional business operations and effectively cope with unanticipated supply chain breakdowns. Yet, limited attention has been paid to the role played by industry 4.0 technologies in mitigating supply chain risks and any resulting disruptions. By bringing together these inter-related yet often separate concepts, we devise a novel model that addresses this knowledge gap. In this article, we empirically test our model on a sample of 302 responses received from senior managers of the Australian food processing industry. We found that supply–demand mismatch, process risks, and transportation risks are currently the major sources of supply chain disruptions. Specifically, supply–demand mismatch appears to be the most severe and attention seeking risk, followed by process and transportation risks. We also reveal that industry 4.0 technologies significantly mitigate supply–demand mismatch and process risks and any resulting supply chain disruptions. Contrary to our expectations, however, the impact of industry 4.0 technologies on transportation risks is found to be positive but nonsignificant. This is the first empirical article to assess the extent to which the three critical supply chain risks may undermine firm performance and to explore the moderating effect of industry 4.0 technologies. We draw managers’ attention to the detrimental impact of supply chain disruptions and the significance of industry 4.0 technologies in dealing with adversities.