Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Designing Two-Layer Optical Networks with Statistical Multiplexing

Abstract The possibility of adding multi-protocol label switching (MPLS) support to transport networks is considered an important opportunity by telecom carriers that want to add packet services and applications to their networks. However, the question that arises is whether it is suitable to have MPLS nodes just at the edge of the network to collect packet traffic from users, or also to introduce MPLS facilities on a subset of the core nodes in order to exploit packet switching flexibility and multiplexing, thus providing induction of a better bandwidth allocation. In this article, we address this complex decisional problem with the support of a mathematical programming approach. We consider two-layer networks where MPLS is overlaid on top of transport networks—synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) or wavelength division multiplexing (WDM)—depending on the required link speed. The discussions' decisions take into account the trade-off between the cost of adding MPLS support in the core nodes and the savings in the link bandwidth allocation due to the statistical multiplexing and the traffic grooming effects induced by MPLS nodes. The traffic matrix specifies for each point-to-point request a pair of values: a mean traffic value and an additional one. Using this traffic model, the effect of statistical multiplexing on a link allows the allocation of a capacity equal to the sum of all the mean values of the traffic demands routed on the link and only the highest additional one. The proposed approach is suitable to solve real instances in reasonable time.
Parameter estimation for ventilated photovoltaic façades

In this paper, the estimation of thermal parameters that describe the performance of ventilated photovoltaic (PV) facades integrated into buildings is investigated. In the most simpli” ed representation of the thermal characteristics of the building, the key factors are the coef” cients of solar heat gain and total heat loss. For an integrated building with a ventilated PV facade, a more accurate representation involves the interactions between the interior space, the ventilated space of the facade construction, the exterior PV elements, and the outside environmental conditions. The heat loss from the interior consists of both losses to ambient and to the ventilation air via the inner glazing or panelling. A direct numerical approach has been developed to identify the parameters that describe these heat transfer processes. The method allows the heat transfer coef” cients to be obtained directly from data measured on an operational ventilated PV facade. The results are compared with values taken from conventional practice.
High performance IPMSM drives without rotational position sensors using reduced-order EKF

An extended Kalman filter (EKF) based approach for position sensor elimination in interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) drives is presented in this paper. The EKF is capable of estimating system parameters and state variables for the IPMSM by eliminating virtually all influences of structural noises in the vector control scheme. This paper presents a design method of a reduced-order EKF. Position and angular speed of the rotor are obtained through the reduced-order EKF only by measuring stator currents. Also, due to an angle modification scheme with error tracking, the sensorless drive system is robust to parameter variations. Simulation and experimental results are provided to verify the proposed approach based on the reduced-order EKF.
Taming Multiple Chat Room Collaboration: Real-Time Visual Cues to Social Networks and Emerging Threads

Distributed teams increasingly rely on collaboration environments, typically including chat, to link diverse experts for real time information sharing and decision-making. Current chat-based technologies enable easy exchange of information, but don’t focus on managing those information exchanges. Important cues that guide face-to-face collaboration are either lost or missing. In some military environments, operators may juggle over a dozen chat rooms in order to collaborate on complex missions. This often leads to confusion, overload, miscommunication and delayed decisions. Our technology supports chat management. A summary display bar reduces the number of chat rooms operators need open by providing high level situational awareness pointers, in real-time, to: a) rooms with increasing message activity levels, b) rooms in which important collaborators are participating (those in the operator’s social network), and c) rooms in which operator-selected keywords are used. This ability to peripherally monitor less critical chat rooms reduces operator overload, while enhancing the ability to rapidly detect important emerging discussion threads.
Design of Direct-driven Permanent-magnet Generators for Wind Turbines

This thesis presents an investigation of how a direct-driven wind turbine generator should be designed and how small and efficient such a generator will be. Advantages and disadvantages of various types of direct-driven wind turbine generators are discussed, and a radial-flux permanent-magnet generator connected to a forced-commutated rectifier is chosen for a detailed theoretical investigation. Further, a design method is developed for the electromagnetic part of the chosen generator type. The generator is optimized with a simplified cost function which, besides including the cost of the active generator parts and the cost of the structure, also includes the cost of the average losses. Therefore, a method to calculate the average losses is derived. The design method is used to investigate the optimization of a 500 kW generator, and the size, efficiency and active weight of optimized generators from 30 kW to 3 MW are presented. A result of the investigation is that the outer diameters of the direct-driven generators are only slightly larger than the width of conventional wind energy converter nacelles. A comparison of average efficiency shows that direct-driven generators, including the losses in the frequency converters, are more efficient than conventional wind energy converter drive trains. Compared with other direct-driven generators, the proposed generator type is small, mainly because of the forced-commutated rectifier and because the generator is not required to produce a pull-out torque higher than the rated torque.
Tick-the-Code Inspection: Empirical Evidence (on Effectiveness)

This paper demonstrates that as software developers we introduce a lot of inadvertent complexity into the software we produce. It presents a method for removing inadvertent complexity and shows how any software developer can easily learn to identify it in source code. The paper starts with a hypothetical scenario of software development showing how bugs can come into being essentially from nothing. The paper also claims that the current ways of producing software leave much to be desired. The main argument is that there is a lot of inadvertent complexity in the software produced by the industry and that it is possible and feasible to get rid of. The paper presents four experiments and their results as evidence. All experiments use the Tick-the-Code method to check source code on paper. The experiments show that both the developers and the source code they produce can be significantly improved. The results indicate that, almost regardless of the target source code, the developers can easily find and suggest numerous improvements. It becomes clear from the results that it is feasible to use Tick-the-Code often and on a regular basis. In one of the experiments, the software engineers created almost 140 improvement suggestions in just an hour (of effort). Even in the least effective experiment, the participants created on average one suggestion per minute (70/h). The last part of the paper demonstrates the effects of ticking code often and on a regular basis. For a software organization, nothing makes more sense than to improve the coding phase and make sure it is up to par. Once inadvertent complexity is kept in check on a regular basis, other concerns, like requirements analysis, can be more readily taken into consideration. As long as the organization has to waste time on reworking requirements and careless coding, maturity of operation is unachievable.
Ein hochpräzises Drehmomentmesssystem durch Trägerfrequenz-Messverstärker und Digitaltechnik (A High-Precision Torque Measurement System through Carrier Frequency Amplifier and Digital Technology)

Thema des Beitrags ist die Entwicklung eines berührungslosen Drehmomentmesssystems mit Trägerfrequenzmessverstärker. Die Optimierung des Temperatureinflusses auf das Messsignal durch eine hohe Symmetrie der Messbrücke wird durch die digitale Kompensation von verbleibenden Temperatureinflüssen ergänzt. Die digitale Signalverarbeitung und Übertragung ermöglicht es, die derzeitige hohe Genauigkeit von nicht rotierenden Drehmomentaufnehmern auch im rotierenden Wellenstrang zu erreichen. Der Nutzen dieser Technologie in der Anwendung wird anhand verschiedener Anwendungsbeispiele gezeigt. This article deals with the development of a contactless torque measuring system with a carrier frequency amplifier. The optimization of the temperature effect on the measurement signal by high symmetry of the measurement bridge is complemented by digital compensation of remaining temperature effects. Through digital signal processing and transmission, the currently high accuracy of non-rotating torque transducers can also be achieved in the rotating shaft train. Different application examples are used to illustrate the benefits of applying this technology in practice.
EVOLUTION OF PHILIPPINE BUSINESSES: RESPONSE TO INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL TURBULENCE: Review of Literature and A Framework for a Research Program

The Philippine business environment undoubtedly is characterized as having a boom and bust cycle. It has not been able to take off as compared to its neighboring countries (Lim, 1999). Now more than ever, the political and economic environment has become a big challenge for many local businesses. In spite, or because, of the current environment there are businesses that continue to prosper. On the one extreme are the large conglomerates that have the muscle to withstand major shocks and the on other are the smaller entrepreneurial ventures that are flexible and able to seize upon opportunities quickly. In trying to understand business longevity, a research framework has been developed that intends to trace the evolution of Philippine businesses through the accumulation of case files. Case histories shall be drawn highlighting the responses of these businesses to changes in their internal and external environment. These responses are reflected in a corporation’s strategies. These strategies shall be analyzed together, as one strategy is bound to affect the next. An integrative model, showing the interplay of the entrepreneur, the business, the immediate and general environment, shall be used.
A new data retention mechanism after endurance stress on flash memory

We propose a new data retention model after endurance stress that may be explained as a combination of two retention mechanisms. One inherent retention characteristic is ruled by thermionic emission and is dominant above 150 C. The other retention mechanism is dominant below 85 to 125 C and is controlled by anomalous SILC. We have clarified that the data retention properties after P/E cycling were well fitted by the hopping conduction model. In particular, the presence of traps generated by excessive P/E cycling played a significant role in the temperature dependence of the retention lifetime.
Higher-order modulation formats for spectral-efficient high-speed metro systems

Worldwide, higher-order modulation formats are intensively investigated to further increase the spectral efficiency for building the next generation of high-speed metro systems. IQ-modulators, coherent receivers and electronic equalizers are hereby discussed as key devices. We report on system design issues as well as on HHI's latest achievements in developing InP based high-speed modulators and coherent receiver frontends.
Field Test of Grassed Swale Performance in Removing Runoff Pollution

The paper presents results of field tests, conducted in Taiwan and Virginia, of the pollutant removal efficiencies of grassed swales. Swales are a low-cost storm-water best management practice (BMP) that have been reported as a cost-effective method for controlling runoff pollution from land surfaces, especially highways and agricultural lands. The Virginia experiments tested a highway median swale, while the Taiwan experiments were conducted on an agricultural test farm. Average pollutant removal efficiencies reported for the test swales vary from 14 to 99% for total suspended solids (TSS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP). The wide range of performance results indicates the importance of such design parameters as length, longitudinal slope, and the presence of check dams. Minimum design guidelines for use of swales as a BMP are suggested.
FMECA and MFCC-Based Early Wear Detection in Gear Pumps in Cost-Aware Monitoring Systems

Gear pump failures in industrial settings are common due to their exposure to uneven high-pressure outputs within short time periods of machine operation and uncertainty. Improving the field and line clam are considered as the solutions for these failures, yet they are quite insufficient for optimal reliability. This research, therefore, suggests a method for early wear detection in gear pumps following an extensive failure modes, effects, and criticality analysis (FMECA) of an AP3.5/100 external gear pump manufactured by BESCO. To replicate this condition, fine particles of iron oxide (Fe2O3) were mixed with the experimental fluid, and the resulting vibration data were collected, processed, and exploited for wear detection. The intelligent wear detection process was explored using various machine learning algorithms following a mel-frequency cepstral coefficient (MFCC)-based discriminative feature extraction process. Among these algorithms, extensive performance evaluation reveals that the random forest classifier returned the highest test accuracy of 95.17%, while the k-nearest neighbour was the most cost efficient following cross validations. This study is expected to contribute to improved evaluations of gear pump failure diagnosis and prognostics.
Leisure-time physical activity among older adults in Brazil: results from the Brazilian National Health Survey – 2013

Introduction: Health behaviors are fundamental for healthy aging. In this sense, the practice of physical activity is one of the most beneficial factors for the health of individuals. Objective: To describe the prevalence of leisure-time physical activity among the older adults and analyze in terms of sociodemographic characteristics, national regions, Federative Units of Brazil, and types of physical activity practiced. Methods: Study utilizing data from the Brazilian National Health Survey - 2013. Leisure-time physical activity was analyzed with two distinct cutoff points: 1) Some physical activity - 10 or more minutes/week; 2) Meeting recommended 150 minutes/week of physical activity. Results: Nearly 21% of the older adults completed some physical activity, and 13.2% reached the physical activity recommendations. There was no difference in the prevalence of physical activity between men and women. Individuals aged 60-69 years and those with higher income were more active than their peers. As for the national regions, the North had the lowest prevalence of physically active older adults. Among all regions, walking was the most frequent form of physical activity practiced. Conclusion: The prevalence of older adults who practiced some physical activity and reached the physical activity recommendations was low, with walking being the most common form of physical activity. Older adults with higher age, low socioeconomic status and from the Northern Brazilian regions were the least active.
The Technical Investigation of Relationship between Return and Volatility in Indian Stock Market

This paper examines the technical relationship between return and volatility in stock market by using daily data of the Sensitive Index (SENSEX) of Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) during the period from March 2012 to March 2016. The technical analysis provides evidence of positive and significant correlation between return and volatility i.e. indicative of both mixture of distribution and sequential arrival hypothesis of information flow. There is a relationship of causality following from volatility and return, which shows the mixture of distributions hypothesis and supports the sequential information arrival hypothesis. This paper supports the proposition that current information is absorbed sequentially and intermediate informational equilibrium is reached before the final equilibrium is found in Indian stock market. These results might be largely attributed to the existence of substantial speculative trading, low level of market depth and price limits observed in Indian market.
ESKİŞEHİR TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ BİLİM VE TEKNOLOJİ DERGİSİ C- YAŞAM BİLİMLERİ VE BİYOTEKNOLOJİ

In the treatment of brain cancer, the inhibition of cancer cell proliferation using anti-cancer agents is a priority approach. Venom of endoparasitoid wasps also may be a candidate for the development of new therapeutic agents. In this context, endoparasitoid Pimpla turionellae L. (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) venom may have an anti-carcinogenic effect on glioblastoma that resists traditional therapies by various mechanisms. Therefore, we aimed to investigate endoparasitoid venom cytotoxicity on glioblastoma cells. For this purpose, the cytotoxic potential of venom from P. turionellae was evaluated on rat C6 glioblastoma cell lines with methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay (MTT assay). P. turionellae venom was isolated from 15±2 day-old females. Different concentrations of P. turionellae venom (176.6-1.83 μg/ml) were applied to C6 rat glioblastoma cells in vitro. Results of MTT assay showed that the viability of C6 cells in vitro significantly decreased depending on the parasitoid venom concentrations. Therefore, P. turionellae venom showed cytotoxic activity in a timeand dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, the results from this research could be used as primary data of venom cytotoxicity for the investigation of new chemotherapeutic agents against malignant tumors.
The relationship between microbial biomass and disease in the Arabidopsis thaliana phyllosphere

A central goal in microbiome research is to learn what distinguishes a healthy from a dysbiotic microbial community. Shifts in diversity and taxonomic composition are important indicators of dysbiosis, but a full understanding also requires knowledge of absolute microbial biomass. Simultaneous information on both microbiome composition and the quantity of its components can provide insight into microbiome function and disease state. Here we use shotgun metagenomics to simultaneously assess microbiome composition and microbial load in the phyllosphere of wild populations of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana. We find that wild plants vary substantially in the load of colonizing microbes, and that high loads are typically associated with the proliferation of single taxa, with only a few putatively pathogenic taxa achieving high abundances in the field. Our results suggest (i) that the inside of a plant leaf is on average sparsely colonized with an estimated two bacterial genomes per plant genome and an order of magnitude fewer eukaryotic microbial genomes, and (ii) that higher levels of microbial biomass often indicate successful colonization by pathogens. Lastly, our results show that load is a significant explanatory variable for loss of estimated Shannon diversity in phyllosphere microbiomes, implying that reduced diversity may be a significant predictor of microbial dysbiosis in a plant leaf.
Types of Morphological Configurations of the City across the Globe – a Remote Sensing based Comparative Approach

(Henri Debray, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Earth Observation Center (EOC), Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany, henri.debray@dlr.de) (Dr.-Ing. Chunping Qiu, Data Science in Earth Observation, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany, chunping.qiu@tum.de) (Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Michael Schmit, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Earth Observation Center (EOC), Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany, and Department of Geoinformatics, Munich University of Applied Sciences, Munich, Germany, m.schmitt@dlr.de) (Dr.-Ing. Yuanyuan Wang, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Earth Observation Center (EOC), Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany, yuanyuan.wang@dlr.de) (Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Xiao Xiang Zhu, Data Science in Earth Observation, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany, and German Aerospace Center (DLR), Earth Observation Center (EOC), Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany, xiaoxiang.zhu@dlr.de) (PD Dr. rer. nat. Hannes Taubenböck, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Earth Observation Center (EOC), Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany, and Institute for Geography and Geology, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany, hannes.taubenboeck@dlr.de)
ISTITUTO NAZIONALE DI FISICA NUCLEARE

The problem of describing the singular vectors of W3 and W~2) Verma modules is addressed, viewing these algebras as BRST quantized Drinfeld-Sokolov (DS) reductions of A~l). Singular vectors of an A~l) Verma module are mapped into W algebra singular vectors and are shown to differ from the latter by terms trivial in the BRST cohomology. These maps are realized by quantum versions of the highest weight DS gauge transformations.
SENTIMENT ANALYSIS ON TWEETS USING MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUES

: . In recent days, invention of new platforms in social media has given lot of boost to the business development. In the business process social media is playing an important role as a deciding factor for success or failure of a business in a growing economy of the country. One such platform which helps people to understand and gauge the business prospectus is twitter. In this paper we are addressing the problem of sentiment analysis in twitter; which mainly deals with classifying tweets according to the sentiment expressed in them: positive, negative or neutral. Twitter is an online micro-blogging and social-networking platform which allows users to write short status updates of maximum length 140 characters. It is a rapidly expanding service with over 200 million registered users - out of which 100 million are active users and half of them log on twitter on a daily basis - generating nearly 250 million tweets per day. Due to this large amount of usage we hope to achieve a reflection of public sentiment by analyzing the sentiments expressed in the tweets. Analyzing the public sentiment is important for many applications such as firms trying to find out the response of their products in the market, predicting political elections and predicting socioeconomic phenomena like stock exchange. The aim here is to develop a functional classifier for accurate and automatic sentiment classification of an unknown tweet stream.