Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Underexposed and overexposed colour image enhancement using information set theory

This paper presents a new approach for improving the contrast of digital colour images in extreme lighting environment. The concept of information sets that are derived from fuzzy sets is applied for this purpose. The S and V components of the HSV (hue, saturation, value) colour model are fuzzified using Gaussian and triangular membership functions but H is preserved. Objective measures like contrast information, quality and visual factor (Vf) are defined to represent the image characteristics. A new entropy function and Vf are used to form the objective function which is optimised using particle swarm optimisation to learn the image-specific parameters required for the enhancement. These new measures defined here serve to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm. In addition to preserving the colour and specific image features, the subjective and objective evaluations clearly depict the improvement in the quality of both the underexposed and overexposed images. On comparison, it is found that the proposed technique outperforms the existing techniques in terms of entropy, information measure and mean opinion score.
Optimal Order Exposure in a Limit Order Market

Hidden orders are offered by many lit trading venues for participants to hide the true size of their orders. To help a risk-neutral trader executing a target volume to minimize the execution cost by benefitting from the setting of a limit order market allowing hidden orders, we propose a multi-stage dynamic programming model to determine the optimal placement of limit and hidden orders. We obtain the analytical solution to this model under certain assumptions and discuss economic implications of our results. We use order-message data from NASDAQ to estimate the model parameters and demonstrate the generality of our assumptions. Our analytical solutions together with numerical experiments suggest an optimal execution pattern that the trader should submit hidden orders at early stages, possibly turn to a mixture of limit and hidden orders later, and use limit orders only when the execution deadline is approaching.
Effect of Routine Consumption of Turmeric-Tamarind Herb on Dysmenorrhea among Adolescent Girls

Pubertas pada remaja putri dikenali dengan tanda menstruasi setiap bulan, meskipun terjadi secara alami banyak yang menderita dismenorea. Dismenorea mempengaruhi aktivitas sehari-hari bahkan ketidakhadiran di sekolah. Jamu masih menjadi terapi alternatif bagi remaja putri dalam mengatasi dismenorea. Terapi non farmakologi jamu kunyit asam mudah didapatkan dan tidak memiliki efek samping. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kebiasaan minum kunyit asam terhadap dismenorea pada remaja putri di Desa Pondok Meja. Penelitian ini merupakan studi observasional analitik dengan rancangan cross-sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh remaja putri di Desa Pondok Meja, dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 76 remaja putri, menggunakan teknik purposive sampling sesuai kriteria inklusi dan tidak termasuk kriteria ekslusi. Data dikumpulkan memakai kuesioner daring pada bulan Desember 2021 sampai April 2022. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan uji Chi-Square. Hasil menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh kebiasaan minum kunyit asam terhadap dismenorea pada remaja putri. Remaja putri yang tidak memiliki kebiasaan minum kunyit asam mempunyai kemungkinan mengalami dismenorea primer sebesar 0,035 kali lebih besar daripada remaja putri yang memiliki kebiasaan mengkonsumsi kunyit asam. Remaja putri yang memiliki kebiasaan minum kunyit asam tidak mengalami dismenorea.
Giant nonlinear response at a plasmonic nanofocus drives efficient four-wave mixing

A plasmonic route for mixing waves Nonlinear optics typically requires photons to interact over distances spanning hundreds or thousands of wavelengths. Nonlinear optical devices therefore tend to be bulk components. Nielsen et al. used a polymer material with a high nonlinear coefficient that they embedded within a plasmonic cavity to show that the interaction length scale could be reduced dramatically. The plasmonic cavity focused the light down to the nanoscale, providing an intense electromagnetic field that induced the nonlinear process of four-wave mixing in the polymer. The technique provides a versatile platform for compact nonlinear optical devices. Science, this issue p. 1179 Efficient wave mixing in plasmonic waveguides provides a versatile platform for compact nonlinear optical devices. Efficient optical frequency mixing typically must accumulate over large interaction lengths because nonlinear responses in natural materials are inherently weak. This limits the efficiency of mixing processes owing to the requirement of phase matching. Here, we report efficient four-wave mixing (FWM) over micrometer-scale interaction lengths at telecommunications wavelengths on silicon. We used an integrated plasmonic gap waveguide that strongly confines light within a nonlinear organic polymer. The gap waveguide intensifies light by nanofocusing it to a mode cross-section of a few tens of nanometers, thus generating a nonlinear response so strong that efficient FWM accumulates over wavelength-scale distances. This technique opens up nonlinear optics to a regime of relaxed phase matching, with the possibility of compact, broadband, and efficient frequency mixing integrated with silicon photonics.
Awareness of Autism among Physiotherapists

Background: Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder in which a person presents with a range of impairments in social interaction and verbal and nonverbal communication, as well as restrictions in behaviors and interests. In India, the prevalence of autism varied from the rural to the urban population, from 14/10,000 to 12/10,000. This study was intended to increase awareness about autism among physiotherapists, which would help their knowledge of the fundamental aspects of autism, such as etiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Materials & Methods: A focused 14-item questionnaire was circulated to 102 physiotherapists from different colleges, clinics, and hospitals through an online survey platform. The link to the questionnaire was sent using various social networking sites such as email, WhatsApp, and Instagram. Ethical approval has been given. Result: The result was carried out using Microsoft Excel version 2007. Out of a 102-person sample size, 47.4% of physiotherapists had more correct answers than neutral or incorrect ones, which showed that there is knowledge regarding autism among physiotherapists. Conclusion: This study concludes that there is knowledge about autism, but also neutral responses by the physiotherapists, indicates the need for more awareness among them. A more accurate and widespread dissemination of information about autism may facilitate a smoother transition for physiotherapists. Key words: awareness, autism, physiotherapist.
Two-Phase Attractors for Finite-Duration Consensus of Multiagent Systems

A specific class of nonlinear systems, admitting finite-duration attractors (FDAs), is introduced in this paper, and used for consensus of multiagent systems (MASs). The advantage is that one can obtain a closed-form solution for the settling time function of the presented nonlinear systems. Such a system exhibits a two-phase convergence process, and its settling time function takes values over a finite duration. However, the duration width changes with respect to the initial condition. The FDA-based consensus protocol is shown to make the MAS undertaken achieve finite-duration convergence. With illustrative examples, the perfect consensus property is verified for MASs with or without a leader agent.
On Large H-Intersecting Families

A family $F$ of graphs on a fixed set of $n$ vertices is called triangle-intersecting if for any $G_1,G_2 \in F$, the intersection $G_1 \cap G_2$ contains a triangle. More generally, for a fixed graph $H$, a family $F$ is $H$-intersecting if the intersection of any two graphs in $F$ contains a sub-graph isomorphic to $H$. In [D. Ellis, Y. Filmus, and E. Friedgut, Triangle-intersecting families of graphs, J. Eur. Math. Soc. 14 (2012), pp. 841--885], Ellis, Filmus and Friedgut proved a 36-year old conjecture of Simonovits and S\'{o}s stating that the maximal size of a triangle-intersecting family is $(1/8)2^{n(n-1)/2}$. Furthermore, they proved a $p$-biased generalization, stating that for any $p \leq 1/2$, we have $\mu_{p}(F)\le p^{3}$, where $\mu_{p}(F)$ is the probability that the random graph $G(n,p)$ belongs to $F$. In the same paper, Ellis et al. conjectured that the assertion of their biased theorem holds also for $1/2 < p \le 3/4$, and more generally, that for any non-$t$-colorable graph $H$ and any $H$-intersecting family $F$, we have $\mu_{p}(F)\le p^{t(t+1)/2}$ for all $p \leq (2t-1)/(2t)$. In this note we construct, for any fixed $H$ and any $p>1/2$, an $H$-intersecting family $F$ of graphs such that $\mu_{p}(F)\ge 1-e^{-n^{2}/C}$, where $C$ depends only on $H$ and $p$, thus disproving both conjectures.
Hybrid Variable Frequency LLC Resonant Converter With Wide Output Voltage Range

This article proposes a multimode hybrid LLC resonant converter with wide output voltage range. Without auxiliary switches, the converter can operate in three different modes by controlling the drive signals of the primary switches: low-gain mode, medium-gain mode, and high-gain mode. Variable frequency modulation is adopted in each operation mode, and an ultra-wide output voltage range can be achieved with smooth mode transition in the proposed converter. The characteristic circuit structure allows the converter to maintain a wide voltage gain range even though magnetizing inductance is designed to be larger. In addition, zero-voltage switching of the primary side mosfets can be realized due to the operation region above resonant frequency and justified parameter design in whole voltage range. Finally, a 3.3-kW prototype with 60–420 V output voltage is built to verify the effectiveness of the proposed converter. The prototype achieves 97.5% peak efficiency and demonstrates good efficiency performance over an ultra-wide output voltage range.
Super-resolving polarization rotation angle measurement using parity detection at shot noise limit

The polarization of the light is an excellent information carrier, but polarization information of coherent state in the quantum measurement of the past has not been clearly expressed. We refer to some ideas of quantum computation and quantum information, considering the polarization mode of the electromagnetic field to describe polarization information of a coherent state. And on this basis we put forward a polarization rotation angle measurement device based on a Mach-Zehnder interferometer and two polarizers. We also consider the intensity detection, parity detection and Z detection as detection strategies. The results show that this device can realize the super-resolution and shot noise limit with parity detection and Z detection. By simulation analysis, we finally find parity detection is the best method for our scheme, and we also discuss the effects of some parameters on sensitivity and resolution with parity detection.
Can the High Performance Liquid Chromatographic (HPLC) Tracing of Biophenols Guide the Choice of Extra Virgin Olive Oils (EVOO) To Be Con-sumed “Raw”?

Extra Virgin Olive Oil (EVO) represents the main lipid intake of the Mediterranean Diet. It is considered a functional food as it is rich in polyphenols and antioxidant molecules, having multiple nutraceutical properties and being responsible for its bitter and spicy taste. Our body needs these EVO molecules, especially when taken “raw”, while cooking tends to denature them. These water-soluble polyphenols together with the fat-soluble Vitamin E represent EVOO’s antioxidant apparatus that protects the fat mass. EVOOs oxidize naturally and progressively, so their shelf life is of 18 months. In order to maintain their functional and nutritional properties, EVOOs must be stored away from light, heat and air, since its oxidation would accelerate. Prolonged exposure on the shelf would therefore cause a rapid impoverishment of its antioxidant defense system, producing rancidity in the taste and the formation of free radicals, which are harmful molecules to our body.
Validation and reliability process of the preliminary form of the Maternal Burnout Scale in Turkish Mothers (T-MBS)

Objective: Maternal burnout is a state of physical and emotional exhaustion that arises when the stress associated with motherhood surpasses coping resources. This novel and distinct clinical phenomenon differs from anxiety and depression. The present study aimed to adapt the Maternal Burnout Scale (MBS) for Turkish mothers and examine its validity and reliability. Method: This methodological study involved 350 mothers. The World Health Organization (WHO) back translation method, also known as reverse translation, was employed for the translation process. Confirmatory factor analysis and parallel scale validity were used to assess the scale’s validity. Reliability was examined using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and the test-retest method. Correlation tests were employed for comparisons. Results: Confirmatory factor analysis validated the original scale’s three-factor structure, consisting of 15 items ( χ 2 /SD: 3,180). The prevalence of maternal burnout in this study was 39.4%. Working mothers exhibited significantly higher maternal burnout levels compared to non-working mothers, while a strong positive correlation was observed between parental stress levels and maternal burnout levels. Conclusion: The Turkish version of the Maternal Burnout Scale (T-MBS) was determined to be a valid and reliable instrument for assessing maternal burnout. The prevalence of maternal burnout in the Turkish population exceeded that of previous studies. For the prevention and management of maternal burnout, improving the knowledge and support of health professionals will be an important step to protect women’s and family health. It is expected that future studies with this scale will carry the concept of “mother burnout” into legal processes and regulations.
The Relationship between Job Stress and Employee Performance in Manufacturing Industry in Indonesia

One-fourth of Indonesia's Gross Domestic Product or GDP is from the manufacturing industry sector. Indonesia's government has proactively encouraged companies to increase their production capacity to meet the global demands, leading to strong demand for employees to work harder, affecting the workers' health. Overwork is often associated with fatigue, stress, and various health problems. Moreover, stress due to excessive work is a general problem many industries face and frequently influences workers' performance. Therefore, this research intends to examine the relationship between work stress and workers' performance, particularly in the manufacturing industry in Indonesia. The sample data are collected from ninety-three workers at the staff level across various companies in the manufacturing sector. The relationships between the determining factors and the Employee Productivity are evaluated by using the multivariate regression analysis. At the correlation coefficient of 0.972, we found a statistically strong relationship between the work environment and Stress to the workers' performance. The condition of low performance is attributed to the non-standard working hours and low quality of the relationship between colleagues and their superiors. Finally, the research recommends improved management of workers' stress by companies involving the adoption of flexible working hours and better communication between parties via discussion forums and meetings. Therefore, employees will be more motivated to improve work productivity.
A Tunable Gain Microstrip Antenna for Compact Pattern-Reconfigurable Array

In this letter, a method of tunable gain microstrip antenna for compact pattern-reconfigurable array is proposed. The tunable gain element is realized by integrating a switchable resistive attenuator, which is composed of a RF SP4T and four loading resistors. The method is demonstrated on a six-element sidelobe reconfigurable array operating at 2.45 GHz, which consists of three kinds of tunable gain elements with different gains. The measurements have a good agreement with the simulations and show the first sidelobe level range from −14 to −20 dB of the array at 2.45 GHz in H-plane is achieved based on the tunable gain range from 5 to 1.9 dBi of the elements.
Anaerobic Biological Treatment of Wastewater from Paper Recycling Industry by UASB Reactor

The use of an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor for the treatment of paper recycling industry effluent containing different pollutants was investigated. In the first phase, reactor was fed with anaerobic sludge and in the second phase, synthetic influent solution with different macro-nutrients and micro-nutrients, trace elements as well as glucose were added as a basis of food and energy. In order to enhance sludge granulation and increase the growth, anaerobic bacterial biomass culture was added and operated for one month. Samples from paper recycling industry effluent with different dilutions were analyzed at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 24 h and at 37 °C mesophilic temperature. The removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), total solids (TS), nitrates, phosphates, heavy metals (Hg, Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu) and pH were upto 87%, 93%, 77%, 79%, 88%, 82%, 92%, 94%, 86%, 91%, 93%, 98%, 98%, and 7.21 with different of wastewater concentration/percent dilutions 1:9, 2:8, 3:7, 4:6, 5:5, 6:4, 7:3, 8:2, 9:1, 10:0 wastewater. This study concluded that UASB technique was a suitable choice for treating different pollutants in paper recycling industry wastewater.
Approaching predator-prey Lotka-Volterra Equations by Simplicial Linear Differential Equations

Predator-prey Lotka-Volterra equations was one of the first models reflecting interaction of different species andmodeling evolution of respective populations. It considers a large population of hares (preys) which is depredatedby an also large population of lynxes (predators). It proposes an increasing/decreasing law of the number ofindividuals in each population thus resulting in an apparently simple system of ordinary differential equations.However, the Lotka-Volterra equation, and most of its modifications, is non-linear and its generalization to alarger number of species is not trivial. The present aim is to study approximations of the evolution of theproportion of species in the Lotka-Volterra equations using some simple model defined in the simplex.Calculus in the simplex has been recently developed on the basis of the Aitchison geometry and the simplicialderivative. Evolution of proportions in time (or other parameters) can be represented as simplicial ordinarydifferential equations from which the simpler models are the linear ones. Simplicial Linear Ordinary DifferentialEquations are not able to model the evolution of the total mass of the population (total number of predators pluspreys) but only the evolution of the proportions of the different species (ratio predators over preys). This way ofanalysis has been successful showing that the compositional growth of a population in the Malthusian exponentialmodel and the Verhulst logistic model were exactly the same one: the first order simplicial linear differentialequation with constant coefficients whose solution is a compositional straight-line. This strategy of studying thetotal mass evolution and the compositional evolution separately is used to get a simplicial differential equationwhose solutions approach suitably the compositional behavior of the Lotka-Volterra equations. This approachhas additional virtues: it is linear and can be extended in an easy way to a number of species larger than two
Implementação de Bancos de Filtros Wavelet com Balanço de Energia para Quantização A/D de Sinais

Os métodos de quanti zação não-uniforme c onhecidos, como o regido pela lei de compressão/expansão μ , apresentam melhor desempenho do que métodos de quanti z ção uniforme (em termos de razão sinal-ruído (SNR)) para sinais de baixa amplitude. No entanto, esse bom desempenho não é estendido para valores maiores de amplitude relativa. Para solucionar tal problema, propõe-se um método de quanti z ção não-uniforme baseado na decomposição wavelet do sinal a ser quantizado, que explora o balanço de energia entre as sub-bandas de freqüência para comprimir/expandir de forma individual cada sub-banda. O método envolve o projeto de um banco de filtros wavelet com reconstrução perfeita, a partir da escolha adequada de raízes situadas no plano Z em 1 z = − , através da técnica de fatoração espectral. Dessa forma, obtém-se uma distribuição de energia entre as sub-bandas que possibilita um melhor aproveitamento da compressão logarítmica na quantização de sinais. O algoritmo apresenta melhora na SNR em relação a mét odos de quanti zação uniforme e não-uniforme, para quaisquer faixas de amplitude, exibindo baixa complexidade computacional. Valores de SNR obtidos para um sinal de voz de teste são apresentados, ratificando a efi cácia do mét odo.
Psychotherapy training in Turkey: Experience of early career psychiatrists

Objective: Theoretical and practical psychotherapy training improves psychiatrists' case management and treat-ment skills. However, little is known about the extent that in Turkey early career psychiatrists have access to these opportunities and their experiences, so in this study, we aimed to investigate various aspects of the psychotherapy training of early career adult, child and adolescent psychiatrists in Turkey. Method: A 22 items questionnaire was disseminated in Turkey to psychiatry trainees and early career psychiatrists (psychiatry and child and adolescent psychiatry trainees and specialists who are in the first 5 years of their career and younger than 40). The questionnaire inquired about participants’: i) sociodemographics; ii) the quality of the psychotherapy training; iii) organizational aspects of psychotherapy training; iv) satisfaction with psychotherapy training. Results: A total of 103 individuals (n=41 psychiatrists, n=37 psychiatry trainees, n=12 child and adolescent psychiatrists, and n=13 child and adolescent psychiatry trainees) responded to this questionnaire. While 68% of the participants stated that psychotherapy training is included in psychiatry training, 89.3% stated they have conducted psychotherapy training themselves and 76.7% reported that they received supervision. Only 41.7% stated that they were going to their own personal psychotherapy or had gone before, and 59.2% were not a qualified psychotherapist. Discussion: One third of psychiatry and child and adolescent psychiatry trainees in Turkey cannot access psychotherapy training in their institutes, and one fourth cannot access supervision opportunities, and more than half are deprived of their personal therapy processes. This should be addressed to improve the skills and competencies of psychiatrists that train in Turkey.