Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploring Factors That Affect Adoption of Computer Security Practices among College Students.

iv List of Tables . ix Lists of Figures . x Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 Statement of the Problem . 2 Nature and Significance of the Problem . 2 Proposed Model . 5 Objective of the Research . 6 Research Questions . 7 Limitations and Delimitations . 9 Definition of Terms . 9 Assumptions . 11 Contribution . 11 Chapter 2: Literature Review . 13 Computer Users . 13 Computer Users Security Practices . 14 Explaining Computer Users’ Adoption of Computer Security Practices . 17 Health Belief Model . 18 Technology Acceptance Models . 22 FACTORS THAT AFFECT COMP. SEC. PRACTICES ADOPTION AMONG STUDENTS vii Protection Motivation Theory. 28 Awareness and Computer Security Practice . 30 Summary . 31 Chapter 3: Methodology . 33 Research Design . 33 Population and Sample . 34 Human Subject’s Approval . 35 Data Collection . 36 Survey development and validation. 36 Measures . 37 Validity . 39 Reliability . 40 Data Analysis . 44 Summary . 47 Chapter 4: Results . 48 Descriptive Analysis . 49 Instrument Reliability and Validity . 57 Demographic Factors and Computer Security Practices (ANOVA Result) . 60 Multiple Linear Regression Results . 76 Summary . 79 Chapter 5: Discussion . 81 Overview of the Study . 81 Discussion . 81 FACTORS THAT AFFECT COMP. SEC. PRACTICES ADOPTION AMONG STUDENTS viii Conclusions . 86 Implications . 90 Study Limitations . 91 Recommendations for Future Research . 93 Summary . 94 References . 95 Appendices . 104 Appendix A . 104 Appendix B . 107 Appendix C . 108 Appendix D . 113 FACTORS THAT AFFECT COMP. SEC. PRACTICES ADOPTION AMONG STUDENTS
Quality effects of operative delay on mortality in hip fracture treatment

Background: Most hip fracture patients undergo surgery, but there is conflicting evidence on the relation between the timing of surgery and the outcome of treatment. There is considerable variation in the length of surgical delays between hospitals, possibly reflecting the quality of care. Aim: To examine the associations between in-hospital surgical delay and the mortality of hip fracture patients from a practical quality assessment perspective. Methods: The effects of operative delay on mortality were estimated using various statistical methods applied to observational data from 16 881 first time hip fracture patients aged 65 or older from 47 hospitals (providers) in Finland in 1998–2001. Results: A prolonged in-hospital operative delay was associated with a higher mortality of hip fracture patients in individual level analyses, but the instrumental variable approach indicated that the individual level effect was not caused by the operative delay but by inappropriate methodological assumptions. There was extensive variation between providers in the proportion of late surgery patients. Provider level analyses showed that the effects of the provider of operative delay on mortality are quite small, but there is a clear association between the proportion of late surgery patients and non-optimal treatment. Conclusions: If provider level heterogeneity is not explicitly taken into account, studies of the effects of surgical delay on outcomes are prone to serious bias. The proportion of patients with prolonged waiting time for surgery at the provider level seems to work as an effective evidence-based quality indicator. Providers should reduce unnecessary delays to surgery and identify more carefully patients not suitable for early surgery.
The cost-effectiveness of the SPHERE intervention for the secondary prevention of coronary heart disease

Objectives: The Secondary Prevention of Heart disEase in geneRal practicE (SPHERE) trial has recently reported. This study examines the cost-effectiveness of the SPHERE intervention in both healthcare systems on the island of Ireland. Methods: Incremental cost-effectiveness analysis. A probabilistic model was developed to combine within-trial and beyond-trial impacts of treatment to estimate the lifetime costs and benefits of two secondary prevention strategies: Intervention - tailored practice and patient care plans; and Control - standardized usual care. Results: The intervention strategy resulted in mean cost savings per patient of €512.77 (95 percent confidence interval [CI], −1086.46–91.98) and an increase in mean quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) per patient of 0.0051 (95 percent CI, −0.0101–0.0200), when compared with the control strategy. The probability of the intervention being cost-effective was 94 percent if decision makers are willing to pay €45,000 per additional QALY. Conclusions: Decision makers in both settings must determine whether the level of evidence presented is sufficient to justify the adoption of the SPHERE intervention in clinical practice.
Risk Factors for Central Serous Chorioretinopathy: Multivariate Approach in a Case-Control Study

ABSTRACT Purpose: The purpose of this prospective study was to investigate the potential risk factors associated independently with central serous retinopathy (CSR) in a Greek population, using multivariate approach. Materials and methods: Participants in the study were 183 consecutive patients diagnosed with CSR and 183 controls, matched for age. All participants underwent complete ophthalmological examination and information regarding their sociodemographic, clinical, medical and ophthalmological history were recorded, so as to assess potential risk factors for CSR. Univariate and multivariate analysis was performed. Results: Univariate analysis showed that male sex, high educational status, high income, alcohol consumption, smoking, hypertension, coronary heart disease, obstructive sleep apnea, autoimmune disorders, H. pylori infection, type A personality and stress, steroid use, pregnancy and hyperopia were associated with CSR, while myopia was found to protect from CSR. In multivariate analysis, alcohol consumption, hypertension, coronary heart disease and autoimmune disorders lost their significance, while the remaining factors were all independently associated with CSR. Conclusions: It is important to take into account the various risk factors for CSR, so as to define vulnerable groups and to shed light into the pathogenesis of the disease.
Laser Direct Deposition of Metal Matrix Diamond Composite

Diamond, the hardest natural material known to humankind, is an ideal candidate for cutting and wear application, however implementing diamond in tooling is not without its challenges. Consequentially, these challenges cause diamond tools to be very expensive. Additionally, current diamond tools do not capitalize on the full potential of diamond material properties. The most significant challenge associated with using diamond in tooling is trying to avoid diamond graphitization at high temperatures during the tool manufacturing process. Finding an alternative way to fabricate improved performance and better priced diamond tools will revolutionize tooling industry. Laser direct deposition of diamond particles has the potential for production of higher performance and lower priced diamond tools. This is largely due to the low interaction time and high cooling rates involved with the deposition process. The process zone is exposed to high temperatures for a very short time and is followed by very high cooling rates. This research investigates the deposition of a metal matrix diamond composite on mild steel, addressing the associated issues and challenges with the deposition process. These issues include the decomposition of diamond, diamond particle wetting, chemical bonding of the diamond particles and the matrix, diamond retention capacity of the matrix, cladsubstrate bonding, porosity and micro cracks, and diamond particles distribution in the deposited clad. A transient three dimensional temperature dependent finite element model for preplaced laser cladding is developed in order to develop insight into the process window. The model is developed by ANSYS © finite element software. The governing equations, boundary conditions and assumptions used in the model are discussed. Additionally the effects of the direct laser deposition process parameters on the melt pool temperature,
Synergy, antagonism, and what the chequerboard puts between them.

1 .
Assessment and detection of peer-bullying through analysis of the group context

Resumen Background: The assessment of bullying requires an analysis both of the main profi les involved in this phenomenon and of the social context in which it occurs. By considering both aspects, this study develops a scale that, in addition to individual information, incorporates a representation of the group structure of the classroom. Method: A large sample composed of 11,561 students (mean age = 11.12 years, girls = 49.2%) from 108 schools completed the Sociescuela Scale by peer reports. An analysis of the internal structure and reliability of the scale was performed, as well as of the students’ social networks. Results: Factor analysis yielded fi ve factors: Victimization, Acceptance, Prosociality, Withdrawal, and Aggressiveness. Boys showed more victimization and aggressiveness than girls. The results obtained enable us to: (a) evaluate a series of individual profi les associated with involvement in bullying and their sociometric status, and (b) position them on a social map of each classroom. Conclusions: The data suggested that the scale is reliable and valid for use in the detection of bullying and its applied nature facilitates the design of school interventions.
Correlates of Self-Reported Nonadherence to Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV-Infected Patients: The Swiss HIV Cohort Study

Background: Adherence is one of the most crucial issues in the clinical management of HIV-infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). Methods: A 2-item adherence questionnaire was introduced into the Swiss HIV Cohort Study in July 2003. All 3607 eligible patients were on ART for ≥6 months and their current regimen for ≥1 month. Three definitions of nonadherence were considered: missing ≥1 dose, missing ≥2 doses, and taking <95% of doses in the past 4 weeks. Results: Over 30% of patients reported missing ≥1 dose, 14.9% missed ≥2 doses, and 7.1% took <95% of doses in the previous 4 weeks. The rate of drug holidays was 5.8%. Whether using more or less conservative definitions of nonadherence, younger age, living alone, number of previous regimens, and boosted protease inhibitor regimens were independent factors associated with nonadherence. There was a significant association between optimal viral suppression and nonadherence as well as a significant linear trend in optimal viral suppression by missed doses. Conclusions: Younger age, lack of social support, and complexity of therapy are important factors that are related to nonadherence with ART. Investment in behavioral dimensions of HIV is crucial to improve adherence in ART recipients.
Occurrence of CTX-M-1-producing Escherichia coli in pigs treated with ceftiofur.

0.5 mg/L) for the susceptible population and 32 to . 128 mg/L (mode 32 mg/L) for the resistant population. For the 64 P. aeruginosa isolates, the MICs of colistin were 1–4 mg/L (mode 4 mg/L) for the susceptible population and 8–16 mg/L (mode 8 mg/L) for isolates considered as resistant. When determined by Etest, there was a shift towards 2-fold lower MICs (one dilution) for 37.3% of the isolates and 4to 8-fold lower MICs (two to three dilutions) for 6.5% of the isolates. Overall, 91.2% of results were in agreement i.e. within a 2-fold dilution. Susceptible and resistant Enterobacteriaceae were clearly delineated with MICs 1 mg/L for the susceptible population and 32 mg/L for the resistant population, resulting in 100% agreement between the two methods. In contrast, the range of MICs for P. aeruginosa (1–16 mg/ L) overlapped the susceptibility breakpoint. The 2-fold shift towards lower MICs and lack of an ‘intermediate’ category resulted in 7 of 12 colistin-resistant P. aeruginosa isolates being misclassified as susceptible by the Etest. This is, however, not significant: a clinically relevant approach has to take into account the site of the infection, the colistin level obtained at this site and the MIC for the strain. Despite this, the 91.2% agreement ( + a 2-fold dilution) observed in comparison with the reference agar dilution method indicates that the colistin Etest is a useful method for detecting colistin-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. Colistin is more often used in France than in other countries, both locally and parenterally, in part because of the high prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacteria. However, antibiotic susceptibility testing is still performed in many laboratories by the disc diffusion technique, which is highly unreliable for colistin. We strongly recommend that colistin MICs should be determined by Etest for all patients with severe infections caused by multidrug-resistant strains or in cases of clinical failure, and we emphasize the need to transmit these results to the clinician.
Emotion Regulation in Relation to Cognitive Functioning in the Preclinical Stages of Dementia

EMOTION REGULATION IN RELATION TO COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING IN THE PRECLINICAL STAGES OF DEMENTIA by Erica P. Meltzer Dissertation Chairperson: Joan C. Borod, Ph.D. Emotion regulation (ER) is essential for effective functioning in daily life. Research suggests that ER improves in older adulthood despite concomitant declines in cognition and the presumed neural substrates of ER. The current understanding of ER in older adulthood, and particularly of the relationship between ER and cognition in older adulthood, is limited. This is likely because the construct of ER is challenging to operationalize and, therefore, difficult to study. The current study investigates ER in relation to cognitive functioning, specifically executive functioning and memory, in individuals with varying degrees of cognitive difficulties (i.e., in the preclinical stages of dementia). The study sample was composed of 179 adults between the ages of 70 and 98 and included Healthy Controls (HCs, 42%), individuals with Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD, 37%), and individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI, 21%). Study participants completed a comprehensive neuropsychological battery consisting of a number of objective measures of executive functioning and memory, as well as two self-report measures of ER strategy use, the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ; Gross & John, 2003) and the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ; Garnefski, Kraaij,
Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Adult Population from Zahedan, Southeast Iran

Background: The metabolic syndrome (MES) is associated with a high risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome as well as cut-off points for waist circumference (WC) for diagnosis of MES in Zahedan, southeast Iran. Methods: Totally, 1802 people (735 men and 1067 women) with metabolic syndrome were surveyed according to National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) and the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria as well as obtained WC cut-off points for IDF criteria. Results: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was higher in women than in men. In both sexes the prevalence increased with age. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome among 1802 individuals aged ≥19 years according to NCEP ATP III, IDF and IDF -AHA/NHLBI were 21.0% (15.4% in male, 24.9% female), 24.8 (20.0% in male, 28.1% in female) and 23.3% (19.7% in male, 25.8% in female), respectively. Low HDL-C (60.6%) and high WC (43.3%) were the most common components of the metabolic syndrome, followed by high triglycerides (32%), elevated glucose (17.1%) and high blood pressure (13%). Conclusion: Our data shows a high prevalence of MES in Zahedan, Southeast Iran, therefore, future health prevention strategies are required for the prevention of MES.
Draft 0 Transferability and scalability of species distribution models : A test 1 with sedentary marine invertebrates 2 3

Journal: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Manuscript ID cjfas-2016-0129.R2 Manuscript Type: Article Date Submitted by the Author: 19-Aug-2016 Complete List of Authors: Eger, Aaron M. ; McGill University, Biology; University of Victoria Curtis, Janelle; Fisheries and Oceans Canada Fortin, Marie-Josée; University of Toronto, Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology Côté, Isabelle M. ; Simon Fraser University Guichard, Frédéric; McGill University, Biology Department
Assessment of Trace Metal Composition in Fish Samples from Nworie River

This investigation surveyed heavy metal content of fish samples from Nworie river. The elements studied were Pb, Fe, Cd, Mn, Hg, Cu and Zn. The fish samples were collected from different locations in the river. The fish samples were analyzed for heavy metals using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The elemental toxicants Fe, Cd, Mn were identified in fresh fish specie Tilapia guineensis of mean values 3.275, 0.048 and 0.103 ppm, respectively, whereas Pb was below detection level. The analysis also shows Cu and Zn level of mean values 1.247 ppm and 3.241 ppm in Tilapia guineensis respectively. Also Hg was below detection level in Tilapia guineensis. The analysis of frozen fish samples purchased from Ekeonunwa market located 3 km from the river shows Pb, Fe and Cd levels of mean values 0.50, 4.73 and 0.05 ppm respectively. Also frozen fish analysis shows concentration of Mn, Hg, Cu and Zn of mean values 11.82, 0.0083, 8.00 and 1.02 ppm, respectively. There are three institutions that discharge untreated waste products into Nworie river. In view of this, there is need to determine the level of contamination of the river, since the inhabitants depend on the river for fishing and other domestic uses. This study is aimed at determining the level of heavy metal contaminants in fish samples from Nworie river. The effects of these elemental toxicants and the associated health hazards were examined.
CLINICAL BEHAVIOUR OF METASTATIC TRIPLE NEGATIVE BREAST CARCINOMA: AN INSTITUTIONAL REVIEW.

Abhash Shankar 1 , PuneetNagpal 1 , Budhi Singh Yadav 1 , DivyaDahiya 2 , Rajinder Singh 2 and Sushmita Ghoshal 1 . 1. Department Of Radiotherapy, Pgimer Chandigarh. 2. Department Of General Surgery, Pgimer Chandigarh. Manuscript Info Abstract . Manuscript History
Risk of obstetric and thromboembolic complications in family members of women with previous adverse obstetric outcomes carrying common inherited thombophilias

Summary. Background: Factor (F)V Leiden and the prothrombin 20210A mutation (PTm) are associated with the occurrence of obstetric complications, including pregnancy‐related venous thromboembolism (VTE). It is not known whether family members of women with FV Leiden or PTm and previous obstetric complications have a higher risk of VTE or adverse obstetric outcomes. Methods: A retrospective family study including 563 relatives of 177 women with previous adverse outcomes carrying FV Leiden or PTm, referred between April 1993 and June 2010. A history of obstetric complications and VTE was obtained. Prevalence of VTE and obstetric complications in relatives with and without inherited thrombophilias was compared. Adjusted odd ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using logistic regression models that controlled for predictors (age, FV Leiden and PTm). Results: Relatives carrying FV Leiden had a significant and independent risk for obstetric complications (OR: 1.98, 95% CI 1.03–3.83); this risk was not observed in the presence of PTm (OR: 1.03, 95% CI 0.46–2.32). The presence of FV Leiden or PTm in heterozygosis was significantly and independently associated with the occurrence of VTE (OR: 5.2, 95% CI: 1.70–15.91). Severe thrombophilias were strong risk factors for VTE (OR: 23.2, 95% CI: 6.0–89.85). Male gender was a significant and independent risk factor for VTE (OR: 3.49, 95% CI: 1.51–8.05). The risk did not change when relatives of women with a previous pregnancy‐related VTE were excluded (OR: 3.49, 95% CI: 1.51–8.05). Conclusions: Knowledge of thrombophilia status may help to better define the obstetric and thromboembolic risks in asymptomatic family members of women who suffered from obstetric complications.
A Tandem Array of ent-Kaurene Synthases in Maize with Roles in Gibberellin and More Specialized Metabolism1[OPEN]

Characterization of a maize tandem gene array reveals three kaurene synthases with varied roles in gibberellin and phytoalexin metabolism. While most commonly associated with its role in gibberellin phytohormone biosynthesis, ent-kaurene also serves as an intermediate in more specialized diterpenoid metabolism, as exemplified by the more than 800 known derived natural products. Among these are the maize kauralexins. However, no ent-kaurene synthases (KSs) have been identified from maize. The maize gibberellin-deficient dwarf-5 (d5) mutant has been associated with a loss of KS activity. The relevant genetic lesion has been previously mapped, and was found here to correlate with the location of the KS-like gene ZmKSL3. Intriguingly, this forms part of a tandem array with two other terpene synthases (TPSs). Although one of these, ZmTPS1, has been previously reported to encode a sesquiterpene synthase, and both ZmTPS1 and that encoded by the third gene, ZmKSL5, have lost the N-terminal γ-domain prototypically associated with KS(L)s, all three genes fall within the KS(L) or TPS-e subfamily. Here it is reported that all three genes encode enzymes that are targeted to the plastid in planta, where diterpenoid biosynthesis is initiated, and which all readily catalyze the production of ent-kaurene. Consistent with the closer phylogenetic relationship of ZmKSL3 with previously identified KSs from cereals, only transcription of this gene is affected in d5 plants. On the other hand, the expression of all three of these genes is inducible, suggesting a role in more specialized metabolism, such as that of the kauralexins. Thus, these results clarify not only gibberellin phytohormone, but also diterpenoid phytoalexin biosynthesis in this important cereal crop plant.
NOISeq : An R package for differential expression in RNA-Seq using biological replicates

2 Methods 2 2.1 NOISeq method . 2 2.2 NOISeqBIO . 2 2.3 Functionalities in the R package . 4 2.3. 1 Exploration of expression data . 4 2.3. 2 Exploration of differential expression results . 4
COMPARING RANDOM AND REGULAR NETWORK RESILIANCE AGAINST RANDOM ATTACK ON THEIR NODES

We consider a family of connected networks whose nodes are subject to random failures ("attacks"). Node failure means elimination of all links incident to the attacked node. Each node, independently of others, fails with probability q . Network failure (DOWN) state is defined as the situation when the largest connected component has "critical" size L  . We compare the probabilistic resilience of a simulated network (obtained by a preferential assignment-type algorithm) versus a regular network having the same number of nodes and links. This comparison is carried out for three types of regular networks: the dodecahedron (20 nodes, 30 links), square torus-type grid (25 nodes, 50 links) and five-dimensional cubic network (32 nodes, 80 links). For all three types of networks the critical value of L was approximately equal one third of the nodes. It turns out that the network with regular structure and node degree 5 d  has higher resilience than a network with random structure, i.e. a regular network has smaller DOWN probability than a random network for the same q value and for the same number of failed nodes x It turns out, however, that the advantage of a regular network over a random network vanishes with the decrease of the average node degree. So, for 3, d  random network and its regular counterpart (so-called dodecahedron) have approximately the same resilience. Our investigation is based on comparing the so-called cumulative D-spectra and the network DOWN probabilities as a function of node failure probability . q