Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Technological gyrotrons with permanent magnet system

The fulfillment of the new project of creation of the industrial prototype of a technological gyrotron on permanent magnets are discussed. The permanent magnet system was designed, constructed and successfully tested for a gyrotron. A 30 GHz gyrotron (n=2) with rf-output power of 10 kW is under development with the TE/sub 12/ operating mode. An output power of 12 kW was obtained (efficiency 24%).
Wind Farms as Negative Loads and as Conventional Synchronous Generation – Modelling and Control

The concept of negative load [1,2] has been applied to wind generators to indicate their ca‐ pability for delivering current meanwhile their voltage is imposed by the electrical system at the connection point. More recently, the same concept was applied for studying dispatch or spinning reserve considering that the total regulating power required at any moment de‐ pends on the sum the system load and the wind power which can counterbalance or in‐ crease load variations. In this way, aggregated variations must be investigated regarding wind power as negative load [3,4].
Multi-level dual-grid finite-difference time-domain approach for the analysis of body implanted antennas

This study presents an extension of the recently published dual-grid finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method, which aims at simulating efficiently body area network problems. It consists in splitting the overall simulation into several classical FDTD simulations sequentially executed with an appropriate mesh. It is proposed as an accurate and fast way of modelling integrated antennas and especially analysing the transmission between a body implanted antenna and a receiving antenna located in the nearby environment.
Application Of Lvq Neural Network In Real-Time Adaptive Traffic Signal Control

Real–time road traffic data analysis is the cornerstone for the modern transport system. The real–time adaptive traffic signal control system is an essential part for the system. This analysis is to describe a traffic scene in a way similar to that of a human reporting the traffic status and the extraction of traffic parameters such as vehicle queue length, traffic volume, lane occupancy and speed measurement. This paper proposed the application of two–stage neural network in real–time adaptive traffic signal control system capable of analysing the traffic scene detected by video camera, processing the data, determining the traffic parameters and using the parameters to decide the control strategies. The two–stage neural network is used to process the traffic scene and decide the traffic control methods: optimum priority or optimum locality. Based on simulation in the traffic laboratory and field testing, the proposed control system is able to recognise the traffic pattern and enhance the traffic parameters thus easing traffic congestion more effectively than existing control systems. Key words: Urban traffic control system, pattern recognition, two-stage neural network, adaptive control system
Neue Ansätze zur Steuerung und Regelung einer kooperativen Gang-Neuroprothese (A Novel Control Approach for a Cooperative Lower Extremity Neuroprosthesis)

Gang-Neuroprothesen ermöglichen Querschnittgelähmten die Fortbewegung auf eigenen Beinen. Das hierarchische Regelungssystem der neuentwickelten kooperativen Neuroprothese WALK! erlaubt die Realisierung aller wesentlichen Bewegungsabläufe, auch des Treppensteigens. Ein Überwacher in Form eines SIPN koordiniert die Beinbewegungen und veranlasst unterlagerte Regler zur situationsangepassten künstlichen Aktivierung der Muskulatur. Der Einsatz kooperativer Regelungsansätze entlastet die Patienten und erhöht gleichzeitig deren Bewegungskontrolle. Experimentelle Ergebnisse werden präsentiert.
Conception, Simulation, Réalisation et mesure d’une antenne imprimée rectangulaire 2.4 GHz

L’etude presentee dans cet article se place dans le cadre de l’enseignement des antennes imprimees. Il decrit un ensemble de travaux pratiques realises a l’IUT de Ville d’Avray dans le cadre d’une formation en licence professionnelle. Ainsi il est montre que l’utilisation d’un simulateur electromagnetique permet d’apprehender des lois de comportements sans avoir prealablement recours a un formalisme mathematique, mal apprehende par des etudiants de licence professionnelle. Cette etude conduit a la realisation d’une antenne rectangulaire imprimee. Cette approche a provoquee l’adhesion des etudiants.
Pilot Drone for Convoy Escort

Escort is an exceedingly difficult and consequential task. The pilot vehicle can only detect the problem and traffic on the road. In recent years attackers started using the drone to strike down the leaders from a long distance. For such problem obstacles on the way and through Air, and also Attack like drone strike cannot be predicted by the human escorts accurately even before or at the time during escorting. The paper aims to make a PILOT DRONE to detect unauthorized air activity, traffic, and obstacles. It facilitates the escorts to monitor the Realtime status with a high-speed pilot drone. Captured data will be transferred to the ground station immediately. So that the status will be monitored continuously. A quadcopter with a size of 220mm is used in this work to satisfy the requirements, such as speed, flight time and lightweight to carry from one place to another. This proposed kit will help to protect leaders from airstrikes and also used to improve the safety of leaders and VIP.
Formation of Electrical Machinery Technology in the Edo Period of Japan

In the early Meiji era western civilization flowed into Japan, and the concept of “civilization and enlightenment” was established. In the field of electricity, the electric telegraph and electric lighting spread nationwide. This can be credited to the scientific and technological development nurtured during the Edo Period (1603–1868). In 1720, in order to improve the encouragement of new industry and medical technology, Shogun Yoshimune Tokugawa removed the embargo on the importation of books unrelated to Christianity from the Netherlands. As a result, European natural science made its way into Japan, opening the way for the formation of electrical machinery technology. This paper describes electrical machinery technology in Japan in comparison with that of Western Europe at the time of the Edo period. Many people contributed to the formation of electrical engineering in the Edo period, but three persons, Gennai Hiraga, Soukichi Hashimoto, Koumin Kawamoto, are considered to have made especial contributions to the formation of electrical engineering due to their broad knowledge and efforts.
The success of immediate implant placement with Zero insertion torque

Background The primary stability in immediate implant placement was considered one of the prerequisites for the achievement of good osseointgration. The insertion torque varies between cases depending on many factors and may goes down to Zero that may affect the prognosis of the implant especially in the soft maxillary bone. The aim of the study was to assess clinically the success&/or failure of immediate flapless implant placement in the maxilla with Zero insertion torque measurement with a follow up time ranging 2-4 years. Results: out of 780 analyzed, fourteen implants were placed in fresh extraction sockets for single rooted teeth in the maxilla and did not get primary stability (zero insertion torque). Their survival rate was 85.7%. Conclusions: The loss of torque during immediate implant placement to Zero may jeopardize the survival of the implants, but it may not be statistically significant with their failure and loss. The lack of certain conditions that are absent during their surgical installation and healing have the major effects on success. The implant primary stability is not an absolute prerequisite to osseointegration; however, it may affect the implant survival rate. Key words: 0 torque implant insertion, implant primary stability, loose implant, immediate implant survival, immediate implant placement.
Dynamic Stiffness Approach to Frequency Analysis of FGM Beam Bonded with a Piezoelectric Layer

Frequency analysis of a functionally graded beam bonded by a piezoelectric layer is carried out by using the dynamic stiffness method. First, governing equations are conducted for FGM beam element with a piezoelectric layer based on the Timoshenko beam theory and power law of material grading. The established equations are solved to get frequency dependent shape functions that are employed then for constructing dynamic stiffness matrix of the beam element. Natural frequencies of an FGM beam with a piezoelectric layer representing a distributed sensor are examined in dependence upon the material properties and thickness of the piezoelectric layer
TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY AND FARM SIZE: A NON-PARAMETRIC FRONTIER ANALYSIS

This study examines the argument that farm size is associated with technical efficiency. A non-parametric, frontier analysis method is used, together with some additional statistical analysis. Although some gains in efficiency appear as we move toward larger farms, they do not seem to be significantly large. The input/output ratios are indeed smaller for larger farms and the difference is statistically significant. It can be attributed however to the fact that smaller farms operate on a smaller scale and not inside the production frontier.
Research on Making Constant Valve Block of Residual Compressive Stress Based on Ultrasonic Testing

We proposed a new method of measuring the residual stress for the component based on the acoustoelastic theory and focused on a new technology of making constant value block of residual stress by shot peening in order to solve problems of residual stress testing by ultrasound. Monitored the residual stress value of block by self-developed ultrasonic residual stress measurement system. The results indicate that the value of the test block changes not much, so it can provides a new way to improve the ultrasonic testing of residual stress.
Patterns for essential use case bodies

Essential use cases are an effective way to analyse the usability requirements for a system under development. Essential use cases are quite stylised -- writing good essential use cases is somewhat of a secret art. This paper contains patterns that describe how to write the bodies of essential use cases. Readers of this paper will be able to write good essential use cases quickly, making it easier to specify usable systems.
Integration of a Viscous Flow RANS Solver with an Unsteady Propulsor Force Code

Abstract : The unsteady propeller force code PUF-2.1 has been coupled with DTNS - a viscous RANS flow solver. The effects of the propeller are modeled via a spatially varying time averaged body force distribution incorporated in the RANS equations. Simple test cases are presented showing that the code properly handles an open water flow as well as a circumferentially varying inflow. Differences between the new code and its steady counterpart are highlighted, both from the standpoint of the code implementation as well as the calculated physical results. The work is easily extendable to the parallel version of UNCLE and maneuvering calculations performed as part of the DOD Challenge Program when the unsteady forces and propulsor effect are obtained from PUF as a precursor to the full RANS calculations of the entire boat with propulsor.
Techniques Of Value Analysis And Engineering

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Advancements in Impulse Response Measurements by Sine Sweeps

Sine sweeps are employed since long time for audio and acoustics measurements, but in recent years (2000 and later) their usage became much larger, thanks to the computational capabilities of modern computers. Recent research results allow now for a further step in sine sweep measurements, particularly when dealing with the problem of measuring impulse responses, distortion and when working with systems which are neither time invariant, nor linear. The paper presents some of these advancements, and provide experimental results aimed to quantify the improvement in signal-to-noise ratio, the suppression of pre-ringing, and the techniques employable for performing these measurements cheaply employing a standard PC and a good-quality sound interface, and currently available loudspeakers and microphones.
Fabrication of 3D microwave and millimetre-wave components in LTCC technology

Rapid prototyping through infra-red laser machining is adopted. The process does not involve chemicals and a single plain screen is sufficient for printing and via filling of any number of layers. The process does not require special masks and is performed in the ordinary laboratory environment. Optimisation of laser power, pulse rate, and scanning speed produce high repeatability and selective thinning, cutting and drilling of any positions and layers made possible with optical camera assisted alignment. The laser ablation of low loss LTCC 9K7 green state tape produces minimum damage with surface roughness below 1 μm which is acceptable for microwave fabrication requirements. To fabricate hollow waveguide in LTCC, the standard LTCC process has been considered, and it was found unable to produce suitable channels/cavities. The hurdle was the lamination step. Experiments on lamination pressure, temperature, time duration and number of layers have been conducted to find the most influential parameters. 3D structures were successfully fabricated using a novel multi-stage/progressive lamination technique. With this technique, deformation-free 3D hollow structures laminated at pressure as low as 2 MPa have been realised. Three types of sacrificial inserts have also been prepared and examined to enhance the process variability. While organic-based and water-based sacrificial paste are more suitable for preparing trenches and channels in the micrometre scale, wax-graphite based sacrificial insert is better for large volume of channel and cavity application. A WR28-like Hollow SIW (HSIW) is fabricated and measured using WR28 waveguide flanges. A multimode calibration technique was used to calibrate the complex propagation constant. The HSIW has been successfully demonstrated working in the millimetre-wave region with measurements on 26.5 to 40 GHz test samples. This is believed to be a significant milestone. A HSIW-based antenna and filter as an integrated component was fabricated. The measurement of the radiation pattern of the waveguide antenna and cavity filter is performed using a 67 GHz PNA and a standard gain horn antenna placed inside an anechoic box. The measured radiation pattern shows both E- and H-plane pattern closely fit with the modelled performance.
Use of Evaluation Criteria in Security Education

Abstract : Success in information warfare will depend on resilient, reconstitutable cyber assets and the ability to assess and respond to attacks. A cornerstone of this success will be the ability of Information Assurance professionals to develop sound security requirements and determine the suitability of evaluated security products for mission-specific systems. Recognizing the pedagogical value of applying security evaluation criteria such as the Common Criteria (CC) to information security education, we recently introduced a graduate-level Computer Science course focusing on methodical security requirements engineering based on the CC. This course aims to provide students with an understanding of how security evaluation criteria can be used to specify system security objectives, derive security requirements from security objectives, establish life cycle and development processes, and provide an organizational framework for research and development. Although imperfect, the paradigmatic process of the CC provides a usable framework for in-depth study of various tasks relating to system requirements derivation and verification activities: system requirements elicitation, threat analysis, security objectives definition and security requirements expression. In-class discussions address fundamental security design principles and disciplines for information and software assurance (e.g., formal methods and life cycle management) as applied to security requirements derivation. Coverage of advanced CC topics includes high assurance evaluation, international and U.S. scheme interpretation processes, guidance for Protection Profile development, CC evaluation methodology, and composite evaluation. This paper describes the scope and design of a pilot course offering.
Performance evaluation for engineering consultants of MRT projects in design phase

Engineering consultants play an important role in construction projects since their design results significantly affect the projects. However, in the design phase, their service quality is difficult to evaluate and only little research has been done on such evaluation. This study attempts to establish a performance evaluation mechanism for consulting firms that execute detailed designs for mass rapid transit projects in Taiwan. This study first reviewed domestic and overseas articles related to performance evaluation and then, after conducting expert interviews established 24 performance evaluation indicators for evaluating performance of the consulting firms in the design phase. These indicators were further categorized into an evaluation hierarchy with four aspects based on the concepts of Balanced Scorecard. The weight of each indicator in the hierarchy was then calculated by Analytic Hierarchy Process. Lastly, evaluation and scoring standards for all indicators were clearly described in order to achieve an overall numerical score representing the performance of the consulting firm after the evaluation. This performance evaluation mechanism was tested in three real cases, and evaluation results closely matched the actual technical consultation performance results, demonstrating the feasibility and effectiveness of the evaluation mechanism established in this research.
Conception intégrée par optimisation multicritère d'un système d’actionnement électrique pour l’aéronautique

Le developpement des systemes embarques, suivant la tendance vers l'avion plus electrique (More Electric Aircraft), presente de nouveaux defis technologiques parmi lesquels se trouvent l'electrification de certaines "grosses charges" telles que les compresseurs de conditionnement d’air ECS (Environmental Conditioning Systems). Un modele de dimensionnement de la chaine de conversion electromecanique (filtre d'entree / onduleur / moteur / mission de vol) a ete developpe et adapte a la haute vitesse. Le tout est associe a un algorithme genetique d'optimisation bi-criteres visant a minimiser la masse embarquee et les pertes systemes, en respectant la qualite reseau du courant absorbe, sous un ensemble de contraintes.
Practical Flapping Mechanisms for 20 cm-span Micro Air Vehicles

In the body of research relevant to high-performance flapping micro air vehicles (MAV), development of light-weight, compact and energy-efficient flapping mechanisms occupies a position of primacy due to its direct impact on the flight performance and mission capability. Realization of such versatile flapping mechanism with additional ability of producing thrust levels that fulfill requirements of cruising forward flight and vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) conditions demand extensive design validation and performance evaluation. This paper presents a concerted approach for mechanism development of a 20 cm span flapping MAV through an iterative design process and synergistic fabrication options involving electrical-discharge-wire-cutting (EDWC) and injection molding. Dynamic characterization of each mechanism is done through high speed photography, power take-off measurement, wind tunnel testing and proof-of-concept test flights. The research outcome represents best-in-class mechanism for a 20 cm span flapping MAV with desirable performance features of extra-large flapping stroke up to 100°, minimal transverse vibrations and almost no phase lag between the wings.
Harnessing tidal energy takes new turn

With the idea of underwater windmills in mind, Peter Fraenkel, a mechanical engineer, assembled investors in 1999 to launch the Seaflow project and formed the company Marine Current Turbines Ltd. (MCT, Basingstoke, England). The mission of Seaflow was to build a commercial tidal energy plant based on the windmill concept. Backing came from the British government, the European Commission, and eight private British and German companies. MCT and its partners have built a working tidal mill in the English Channel off the coast of Devon, in southwest England. The 130-metric-ton unit is cemented to the seabed about 1.1 km from the coast, rising a few meters above sea level. Tidal currents turn the 11-meter-long rotor, but as they reverse direction, the rotor's blades can be pitched to accept flow from the opposite direction. Though the rotor turns slowly in water, which is 800 times as dense as air, at 17 rpm the speed is sufficient, with appropriate gearing, to harness the tide's immense energy and drive a turbine. Rotor speed varies, as with variable-speed wind turbines on land or sea, and a power-conditioning system-involving AC-DC-AC conversion-is used to obtain a current output at the grid frequency of 50 Hz. The result is an average of 100 kW and a peak of 300 kW of power, enough for 200 average British homes when hooked into the grid, according to MCT.
Mobile Communications: A Study of Factors Influencing Consumer Use of m-Services

ABSTRACT This article examines the new medium of mobile communications and the factors influencing consumers' use of m-services in that medium. M-services are defined as enhanced information services accessed while mobile. Marketing communications, specifically advertising, can be delivered as an m-service. This research models a system of relationships of the factors affecting use of m-services, finding that involvement and innovativeness, but not self-efficacy, are significant. The article concludes with implications for advertising delivered as an m-service, the identification of the potential for m-services advertising as part of m-commerce, and directions for future research.
Noise Reduction Using Low Weight and Constant Weight Coding Techniques

Signalling off-chip requires significant current. As a result, a chip''s power-supply current changes drastically during certain output-bus transitions. These current fluctuations cause a voltage drop between the chip and circuit board due to the parasitic inductance of the power-supply package leads. Digital designers often go to great lengths to reduce this ``transmitted'''' noise. Cray, for instance, carefully balances output signals using a technique called differential signalling to guarantee a chip has constant output current. Transmitted-noise reduction costs Cray a factor of two in output pins and wires. Coding achieves similar results at smaller costs.
Study of a double printed UWB dipole antenna

The characteristics of a double printed UWB dipole antenna with two U‐shape arms are investigated both in frequency domain and time domain. Some reasonable theoretical analyses are proposed. Transmitting antenna transfer function, receiving antenna transfer function, and antenna system function are used to describe the antenna performance. Flat amplitude and linear phase responses of the transmitting antenna transfer function are observed in 3.0–8 GHz. Impulse responses for both single band and multiband schemers are studied in time domain. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 3179–3181, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23912