Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Physical Activity of Middle School Students from Cluj-Napoca during the Covid-19 Pandemic

Physical activity has numerous health benefits, including better cardiorespiratory fitness, skeletal health, psychological health and reducing obesity. However, more than 80% of adolescents worldwide are not active enough, failing to meet the recommended 60 minutes of daily physical activity, and due to COVID-19 restrictions, the percentage might be even higher. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the level of physical activity and its influencing factors in a sample of 333 middle school students (mean age = 12.93, SD = 1.20) from Cluj-Napoca, Romania, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted and two instruments were used to assess interest variables, the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children and the Cues, Perceived Benefits and Barriers to Physical Activity Questionnaire. Results showed a low level of physical activity in our sample for both male (M = 2.76, SD = 0.76) and female (M = 2.62, SD = 0.63) adolescents. The most commonly reported cue to physical activity was “encouragement from parent(s) to exercise”, the most prevalent perceived benefit was “to stay in shape”, and the most powerful barrier was “wanting to do other things with personal time”. Conclusion: Understanding adolescents’ cues, perceived benefits and barriers to physical activity could help teachers and coaches to provide suitable programmes, and parents or peers to support adolescents. Discussion includes implications for practice and guidelines for policymakers and participants.
UV-C seed priming improves tomato plant growth against salt stress

The study aimed to evaluate the impact of UV-C dry seed priming at two doses (0.85 and 3.42 kJ.m−2), on tomato under salt stress (NaCl, 100 mM). Results show that salinity causes a regression of tomato growth by 63%, an accumulation of Na+ causing a reduction in K+ uptake and therefore an increase of photosynthetic processes (28, 28 and 23% for Chl. a, Chl. tot and Car., respectively), also an augmentation in soluble protein contents and a decrease or an increase in oxidative stress indicators and secondary metabolites depending on organs. UV-C seed priming has been shown to improve tomato growth by reducing the adverse effects of salinity on physiological and biochemical parameters. This research revealed that UV-C seed applications are an efficient approach to controlling the aggressiveness of salt stress on tomato roots and leaves. Specific doses of UV-C are required to trigger the physiological control of plants against salt stress.
Photovoltaics: coming of age

The history of photovoltaic development is reviewed. An outline of the potential of the technology as the author views it is given. The challenge to be met to reach this potential is to develop high-efficiency technologies which can be produced at low cost. Three factors suggest this is possible. The first is the latent efficiency still to be recovered with even the most highly developed cell technologies. The second is the recent progress with tandem cells, which suggests that most of the 30-40% efficiency advantage over single-junction devices will eventually be realized. Tandem cells are likely to offer cost advantages in very high volume production. The third is the pyramid of possibilities, the wide range of semiconductors which still have to be evaluated for their photovoltaic potential. <<ETX>>
Modelling of fluid–structure interactions with the space–time finite elements: Arterial fluid mechanics

The stabilized space–time fluid–structure interaction (SSTFSI) techniques developed by the Team for Advanced Flow Simulation and Modeling (T★AFSM) are applied to FSI modelling in arterial fluid mechanics. Modelling of flow in arteries with aneurysm is emphasized. The SSTFSI techniques used are based on the deforming‐spatial‐domain/stabilized space–time (DSD/SST) formulation and include the enhancements introduced recently by the T★AFSM to increase the scope, accuracy, robustness and efficiency of these techniques. The arterial structures can be modelled with the membrane or continuum elements, both of which are geometrically nonlinear, and the continuum element can be made of linearly elastic or hyperelastic material. Test computations are presented for cerebral and abdominal aortic aneurysms and carotid‐artery bifurcation, where the arterial geometries used in the computations are close approximations to the patient‐specific image‐based data. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ON THE STABILITY OF POSITIVE SEMIGROUPS BY PIERRE

The stability and contraction properties of positive integral semigroups on Polish spaces are investigated. Our novel analysis is based on the extension of V -norm contraction methods, associated to functionally weighted Banach spaces for Markov semigroups, to positive semigroups. This methodology is applied to a general class of positive and possibly time-inhomogeneous bounded integral semigroups and their normalised versions. The spectral theorems that we develop are an extension of Perron-Frobenius and KreinRutman theorems for positive operators to a class of time-varying positive semigroups. In the context of time-homogeneous models, the regularity conditions discussed in the present article appear to be necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of leading eigenvalues. We review and illustrate the impact of these results in the context of positive semigroups arising in transport theory, physics, mathematical biology and signal processing.
Nonlinear optical tuning in a 2-D silicon photonic crystal

The real (Kerr) and imaginary (two photon absorption) parts of a third order optical nonlinearity are used to tune the long (1.6μm) and short (1.3μm) wavelength band edges of a stop gap in a two-dimensional silicon photonic crystal. The reflectance of the probe beam reveals information about the rise and fall times of the switching. More detailed investigations show the different time response of reflectance for different optical modes excited by the pump beam. We present a model based on simple "pertubation" formalism that can explain how any mode of photonic crystals is affected by general, weak refractive index pertubations.
Preschool-age children’s early steps towards evidence-based explanations and modelling practices

ABSTRACT While recent reform-based efforts have shifted the emphasis towards engaging children in science practices, little research has considered how preschool-age children take first steps towards engagement in evidence-based explanations or modelling practices nor the role museum-settings might provide. Using a theoretical perspective that science emerges through interaction as it is practiced, we analysed videos of four ∼30-min programs for 3-to-5-year-old children at a small children’s science museum. Findings suggest that the children’s explanations, which were co-constructed with the museum educator, ranged in sophistication from an implicit use of evidence to an explicit use of evidence and use of reasoning. We also found that the children used modelling practices to support their development of evidence-based explanations both as a method to generate evidence and to communicate their explanations. An important factor in how we interpreted children’s explanations and modelling practices was through their use of gestures, which they often used to indicate their evidence or other elements of meaning while communicating during the investigations. Our findings provide evidence for young children’s initial entry point for co-constructed, evidence-based explanations as they were produced through interactions with the educator and peers.
Preparation of the Superconducting Nb3Ge Tape by a Continuous CVD Process

Superconducting Nb3Ge tapes were produced by a continuous chemical vapour deposition. The critical current density of these tapes was the order of 105 A/cm2 at 100 kOe and 4.2 K. The upper critical field was estimated to be 320 kOe at 0 K. The maximum onset temperature of the superconducting transition was 20.5 K.
Consumer Behavior Research in the Marketing Field in the Last Five Years: Literature Review

Introduction. In recent years, research about consumer behavior has not lost its relevance in the face of increased competition and global economic change. In the marketing field specialists are also constantly looking for new solutions that scientists are researching in consumer behavior and vice versa. Modern research on consumer behavior in the market has been conducted mainly by scientists in the USA, Germany and the United Kingdom. It should be noted that a large part of the research is based on the study of psychological and social aspects of consumer behavior, but less on the modeling and prediction of consumer behavior. Purpose and methods. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of marketing on consumer behavior, including special attention to different age groups if they have been studied over the last five years and to answer the question – what is the role of marketing in customer behavior? To address the research question, the author conducted a systematic review of the literature following the rules proposed by David Denyer and David Tranfield. The process of the systematic literature review followed in this study aims to identify the relevant literature related to consumer behavior in relation to marketing and select and synthesize the themes with respect to the research question in a transparent, complete and rigorous manner. Results. Over the last five years, from 2018 to the beginning of 2022, research on consumer behavior in relation to different marketing directions has been studied extensively and in different countries. Marketing provides opportunities not only to learn about consumers, but also to tailor activities to appeal to new and existing products. Research has shown that green marketing seeks to change consumer behavior to make it more sustainable. Conclusions. Researchers' studies on consumer behavior is becoming more relevant. The role of marketing in consumer behavior is important regardless of the industry, country and customer age.
CCHZ‐DISO: A Timely New Assessment System for Data Quality or Model Performance From Da Dao Zhi Jian

With the rapid development of big data, assessment of data quality or model performance has become a hot scientific question. However, most existing lots of metrics focus on specific aspects of the assessment, and comprehensive assessment is rare. Therefore, it is very necessary to develop new assessment system. To address this problem, a new assessment system is constructed which is named after Chen, Chen, Hu, and Zhou (CCHZ)‐distance between indices of simulation and observation (DISO) according to the contributions of Xi Chen, Deliang Chen, Zengyun Hu, and Qiming Zhou. CCHZ‐DISO system builds on the Euclidean Distance and flexible determination of statistical metrics and their numbers. Due to its simplicity and flexibility, CCHZ‐DISO can be readily and widely applied to any subject of science. Therefore, it follows the principle of the Chinese philosopher Lao Zi's Da Dao Zhi Jian which means that the most basic truth is very simple.
Group velocity of acoustic waves in strongly scattering media: Dependence on the volume fraction of scatterers

We study, both experimentally and theoretically, the ballistic propagation of ultrasonic wave pulses through a random strongly scattering medium as a function of the volume fraction of the scatterers. The scattering medium consists of a liquid suspension of monodisperse glass beads, whose concentration is varied by controlling the upward flow of the liquid in a fluidized bed. At intermediate frequencies, where the acoustic wavelength \ensuremath{\lambda} is comparable to the size of the glass bead scatterers, very strong scattering is observed, with the scattering mean free path reaching values as low as \ensuremath{\lambda}/2. At high volume fractions of scatterers, the scattering results in pronounced dispersion, as demonstrated experimentally by the strong frequency dependence found in both the phase and group velocities. However, as the volume fraction is lowered, the dispersion is substantially reduced, in marked contrast to recent predictions for electromagnetic waves. Our experimental results are explained quantitatively by a theoretical model, based on a spectral function approach, that accounts for the renormalization of the scattering within the medium, an effect that is greatest when the concentration of scatterers is largest. The mechanisms underlying the frequency dependence of the velocities and their dependence on volume fraction are further elucidated by examining the ultrasonic energy density, both inside the scatterers and in the surrounding fluid. This allows us to show that the velocities are substantially slowed down both by (i) resonant scattering from the glass spheres, where energy is trapped within the solid scatterers, and by (ii) tortuosity effects, where the wave energy is largely confined to the tortuous fluid pathways. These results demonstrate convincingly why the phase and group velocities of acoustic waves vary strongly with frequency at high volume fractions of scatterers, but only show weak dispersive effects at low volume fractions. Furthermore, our microscopic picture of the dispersion gives a simple physical explanation of why its volume fraction dependence is opposite to that expected for light and other electromagnetic waves, where the velocity inside the scatterers is normally less than in the surrounding medium.
Discovery of non-zero neutrino mixing angle theta13 using Daya Bay Antineutrino Detectors

The Daya Bay Reactor Antineutrino Experiment observed the disappearance of reactor νe from six 2.9 GWth reactor cores in Daya Bay, China. The Experiment consists of six functionally identical νe detectors, which detect νe by inverse beta decay using a total of about 120 metric tons of Gd-loaded liquid scintillator as the target volume. These νe detectors were installed in three underground experimental halls, two near halls and one far hall, under the mountains near Daya Bay, with overburdens of 250 m.w. e, 265 m.w. e and 860 m.w. e. and flux-weighted baselines of 470 m, 576 m and 1648 m. A total of 90179 νe candidates were observed in the six detectors over a period of 55 days, 57549 at the Daya Bay near site, 22169 at the Ling Ao near site and 10461 at the far site. By performing a rate-only analysis, the value of sin22θ13 was determined to be 0.092 ± 0.017.
Artificial Intelligence for All Perspectives and Outlooks on the Role of Machine Learning in Architectural Design

This paper was presented as part of “Panel 1: How Is Digitalization Changing How Housing Is Designed & Built? ” at the symposium “Bringing Digitalization Home: How Can Technology Address Housing Challenges? ”, hosted by the Harvard Joint Center for Housing Studies in March 2022 and funded by Qualcomm. Participants examined the changes that digitalization—the use of automated digital technologies to collect, process, analyze, distribute, use, and sell information—is spurring in the way housing is produced, marketed, sold, financed, managed, and lived in.
Guide-field Magnetic Reconnection: First Hybrid Simulations of high ion temperature plasmas

Magnetic reconnection is a fundamental plasma process that occurs through-out the heliosphere and can be responsible for high velocity plasma jets and energetic particles through the release of magnetic energy. Historically reconnection theory has predicted that the bulk flow and thermal energization is set by the available reconnecting magnetic energy, however, recent simulations, observations and theoretical works have shown the released magnetic energy in anti-parallel reconnection is inhibited by the upstream plasma beta (the relative thermal energy normalized to magnetic energy per particle, β = 2T/(B 2 / 4 πn )). Using kinetic theory and hybrid particle-in-cell simulations of magnetic reconnection we extend this result for guide field reconnection. Preliminary works suggested that the influence of β was suppressed for a guide field, however we find that the outflow reduction is recovered for a sufficiently large total β based on the guide field and the reconnecting field. This suggests that the efficiency of reconnection as an energization process is limited in high β regimes such as well developed turbulence or in the downstream of shocks.
Organizations as a Container for Accommodating the Aspirations of Persons with Disabilities

The existence of disabilities in society still gets various responses. Some people think that disability exists and is the same as the general public’s. Others consider disability as a burden in society, and there are even groups of people who do not care about the existence of a disability. The reality experienced by people with disabilities is that there are stillpeople who experience discrimination, have difﬁculty getting jobs, and have difﬁculty getting access to health to access education, which obstructs persons with disabilities’ growth or self-development in order for them to live freely. This is a problem for people with disabilities. Organizations of people with disabilities are one way to ensure that people with disabilities have access to self-development, which are expected to be a place to accommodate aspirations for persons with disabilities to know each other, interact with each other, develop their potential to obtain protection and recognition from the community.
MOTIVATION OF TOURISTS AS PUSH AND PULL FACTORS TO VISIT SELECTED CHURCHES IN BULACAN

Different regions of the Philippines are regularly visited for relaxation purposes by travelers from all over the world based on previous study. In Bulacan, a province is known for its historical heritage, and you can see well-preserved examples of Philippine history from the past. The study focused on tourist motivation as a push and pull element for visiting specific churches in Bulacan. The study focused on tourist motivation as a push and pull element for visiting specific Bulacan churches. The data was collected from 100 tourists in Bulacan churches who were chosen at random to reflect the populace. The push-pull theory, which explains why tourists prefer one destination over another, was tested in this study. To fill in the study's research gaps, the researcher uses the expert ideas in developing the questionnaire. In this study, the researchers used the quantitative descriptive method. The descriptive research design refers to a set of research methods to investigate one or more variables that describe a group of people or a phenomenon. The survey was sent through various tourist Facebook groups. In addition, 100 visitors who visited the above churches in Bulacan were polled. Google Forms was used to disseminate the questionnaire. The findings of the study were beneficial to tourism students. It discussed the idea's pull and push, allowing them to determine tourist motives for visiting a specific location. This document provided students with the knowledge and a foundation for their studies. The paper's findings were used to determine
Comparative Analysis of Cross-lingual Contextualized Word Embeddings

Contextualized word embeddings have emerged as the most important tool for performing NLP tasks in a large variety of languages. In order to improve the cross- lingual representation and transfer learning quality, contextualized embedding alignment techniques, such as mapping and model fine-tuning, are employed. Existing techniques however are time-, data- and computational resource-intensive. In this paper we analyze these techniques by utilizing three tasks: bilingual lexicon induction (BLI), word retrieval and cross-lingual natural language inference (XNLI) for a high resource (German-English) and a low resource (Bengali-English) language pair. In contrast to previous works which focus only on a few popular models, we compare five multilingual and seven monolingual language models and investigate the effect of various aspects on their performance, such as vocabulary size, number of languages used for training and number of parameters. Additionally, we propose a parameter-, data- and runtime-efficient technique which can be trained with 10% of the data, less than 10% of the time and have less than 5% of the trainable parameters compared to model fine-tuning. We show that our proposed method is competitive with resource heavy models, even outperforming them in some cases, even though it relies on less resource
Hybrid Protection of Biometric Templates by Combining Homomorphic Encryption and Cancelable Biometrics

Homomorphic Encryption (HE) has become a well-known tool for privacy-preserving recognition in biometric systems. Despite some important advantages of HE (such as preservation of recognition accuracy), there are two main drawbacks in the application of HE to biometric recognition systems: first, the security of the system solely depends on the secrecy of the private (decryption) key; second, the computational costs of the operations on the ciphertexts are expensive. To address these challenges, in this paper we propose a hybrid scheme for the protection of biometric templates, which combines cancelable biometrics (CB) methods and HE. Applying CB prior to HE enhances both the security and privacy of the overall system, since the protected templates remain irreversible even if the secret keys are leaked (commonly referred to as the full disclosure scenario). In addition, we can reduce the dimensionality of templates using CB before applying HE, which speeds up the computation over the ciphertexts. We use BioHashing, Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) hashing, and Index-of-Maximum (IoM) hashing as different CB methods, and for each of these schemes, we propose a method for computing scores between hybrid-protected templates in the encrypted domain. We evaluate our proposed hybrid scheme using different state-of-the-art face recognition models (Ar-cFace, ElasticFace, and FaceNet) on the MOBIO and LFW datasets. The source code of our experiments is publicly available, so our work can be fully reproduced.
Study of correlation between online buyer's digital quotient and key factors influencing eCommerce

: E-commerce is a key pillar for the digitalization of socio-economic ecosystem. Online buyers cut across geographies, demographics and markets. The brisk growth of eCommerce has witnessed disproportionate investments in user adoption models by leveraging TAM, online platform features and promotional o ff erings. However, the influence of end buyer’s personality traits towards eCommerce is limited to Big 5 personality traits which falls short as it refers to generations prior to digital age. Earlier research by author had conceptualized a framework termed “UCCCEEE” which signify seven personality traits manifesting digital quotient (DQ) measure of an individual. This paper builds further by researching specifics of its impact on online buying behavior by administering a psychometric test of Cronbach alpha of 0.7962 while also seeking information on their recent eCommerce experiences over key 10 factors seen critical in the literature surveys. The analysis used Pearson’s coe ffi cient (r) between findings of these test / surveys and observes that traits of e ffi cient, updated, epicurean, connected and experimentative (in same sequence) display high “r” between DQ and online purchasing. The combination of various traits has significant moderating influence. The findings may help marketers build communication towards higher conversion ratios.