Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Acquisitions/Processing—Processing/integration of simultaneously acquired 3D surface seismic and 3D VSP data

VSP surveys use surface sources and borehole receivers and record both downgoing and upgoing wavefields. Different configurations of VSP surveys are possible and the various types of VSP data sets are valuable to the interpreter in areas where surface seismic data are of limited help. Common applications of zero-offset VSPs are correlating logs and seismic data, getting information about variations in seismic velocity with depth, and detecting multiples. Offset VSPs are usually recorded where subsurface structures are not well known, or are complex. Their images, which are of higher frequency than surface seismic, are used to obtain structural detail around boreholes. Multioffset or walkaway VSPs are a means of lateral reservoir definition away from the borehole. They combine the advantages of VSP (including the possibility of anisotropy determination) with the continuous profiling aspects of surface methods. However, these single or multioffset VSPs are usually obtained as 2D sections and these sections, though useful, cannot be used to construct a 3D data volume around the borehole. Different acquisition geometries are needed to achieve that objective. The first 3D VSP acquisition was attempted in 1986 by AGIP, and several have been acquired since then (Table 1). Simultaneous acquisition of 3D VSP and 3D surface seismic acquisition has been attempted on several occasions and the results have been encouraging in terms of cost effectiveness and the enhanced imaging of the subsurface. This innovative acquisition and analysis offers exciting possibilities for determining data attributes such as anisotropy, Q, and measurement of reflection and transmission amplitudes at the wellbore which can then be used to calibrate AVO attributes estimated from surface seismic 3D data. View this table: Table 1. Some highlights of 3D VSP history Although many 3D VSPs have been discussed in the literature, few articles go into detail about the processing (Gulati et al., 2002). Therefore, a paper …
Nrf2-mediated therapeutic effects of dietary flavones in different diseases

Oxidative stress (OS) is a pathological status that occurs when the body’s balance between oxidants and antioxidant defense systems is broken, which can promote the development of many diseases. Nrf2, a redox-sensitive transcription encoded by NFE2L2, is the master regulator of phase II antioxidant enzymes and cytoprotective genes. In this context, Nrf2/ARE signaling can be a compelling target against OS-induced diseases. Recently, natural Nrf2/ARE regulators like dietary flavones have shown therapeutic potential in various acute and chronic diseases such as diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and cancer. In this review, we aim to summarize nrf2-mediated protective effects of flavones in different conditions. Firstly, we retrospected the mechanisms of how flavones regulate the Nrf2/ARE pathway and introduced the mediator role Nrf2 plays in inflammation and apoptosis. Then we review the evidence that flavones modulated Nrf2/ARE pathway to prevent diseases in experimental models. Based on these literature, we found that flavones could regulate Nrf2 expression by mechanisms below: 1) dissociating the binding between Nrf2 and Keap1 via PKC-mediated Nrf2 phosphorylation and P62-mediated Keap1 autophagic degradation; 2) regulating Nrf2 nuclear translocation by various kinases like AMPK, MAPKs, Fyn; 3) decreasing Nrf2 ubiquitination and degradation via activating sirt1 and PI3K/AKT-mediated GSK3 inhibition; and 4) epigenetic alternation of Nrf2 such as demethylation at the promoter region and histone acetylation. In conclusion, flavones targeting Nrf2 can be promising therapeutic agents for various OS-related disorders. However, there is a lack of investigations on human subjects, and new drug delivery systems to improve flavones’ treatment efficiency still need to be developed.
Autonomous Emergency Braking of a Heavy Road Vehicle Using a Low-Density Flash Lidar

This article presents solutions to challenges in using a low-density flash lidar for application to a heavy road vehicle Autonomous Emergency Braking (AEB) system. Low-density flash lidars are relatively new to the commercial market and are much less expensive compared to point-cloud lidars. However, due to their low angular resolution, it becomes challenging to use the information provided by them for applications such as the AEB. Specifically, the challenges in identifying relevant targets and determining target width are discussed in this article, and solutions to the same are presented. Later, an AEB algorithm is developed for a heavy commercial road vehicle for demonstrating the usefulness of the proposed solutions. The AEB system is experimentally evaluated using a brake Hardware-in-loop system along with IPG TruckMaker, and the results are presented.
Generating training datasets for legal chatbots in Korean

 Abstract— Chatbots are robots that can communicate with humans using text or voice signals. Legal chatbots improve access to justice, since legal representation and legal advice by lawyers come with a high cost that excludes disadvantaged and vulnerable people. However, capturing the diversity of actual user input in datasets for deep-learning dialog systems (chatbots) is a technical challenge. Diversity requires large volumes of data, which must also be labelled in order to classify the user’s intent, while the cost of labelling datasets increases with volume. Instead of labelling large volumes of authentic data from users, our approach consists in jointly generating large volumes of utterances and high-quality labels. The generator of labelled datasets is based on language resources that take the form of local grammar graphs (LGG), which capture and generalize the vocabulary and local syntax observed by linguists in text. The LGGs associate labels to the utterances according to a domain-specific classification system. We tested this approach by implementing LIGA, a legal chatbot in Korean. The chatbot answers users’ conversational queries on legal situations by providing information on similar legal cases, made publicly available by the Korean government. We generated labelled utterances from the LGGs with the aid of the open-source Unitex platform. This process produced 700 million utterances. We trained a DIET classifier on a dataset made of these utterances, and the trained model reached 91% f1-score performance. We implemented a chatbot called LIGA, which uses the results of the model to select a link to a web page that documents similar legal cases.
The Use of Superb Microvascular Imaging in Evaluating Rheumatic Diseases: A Systematic Review

Background and Objectives: Superb microvascular imaging is an advanced Doppler algorithm that seems to be useful in detecting low-velocity blood flow without using a contrast agent. Increasing evidence suggests that SMI is a more sensitive tool than conventional Doppler techniques for evaluating rheumatic diseases, especially inflammatory arthritis. We aimed to assess the use of SMI in evaluating joints and extraarticular structures. Materials and Methods: Two reviewers independently reviewed the literature to provide a global overview of the possibilities of SMI in rheumatology. Original English-language articles published between February 2014 and November 2022 were identified through database (PubMed, Medline, Ebsco, the Cochrane Library, and ScienceDirect) searching, and analysed to summarise existing evidence according to PRISMA methodology. Inclusion criteria covered original research articles reporting applications of SMI on rheumatic diseases and musculoskeletal disorders secondary to rheumatic conditions. Qualitative data synthesis was performed. Results: A total of 18 articles were included. No systematic reviews fulfilled our inclusion criteria. Most studies focused on characterising the synovial vascularity of rheumatoid arthritis. There have been several attempts to demonstrate SMI’s value for evaluating extra-articular soft tissues (fat pads or salivary glands) and large-diameter vessels. The quantitative importance of SMI vascular indices could become a useful non-invasive diagnostic marker. Studies on therapeutic applications are still scarce, and the majority of studies have gaps in reporting the methodology (ultrasound performance technique and settings) of the research. Conclusions: SMI has proved to be useful in characterising low-flow vascularity, and growing evidence indicates that SMI is a non-invasive and lower-cost tool for prognostic assessment, especially in inflammatory arthritis. Preliminary findings also suggest potential interest in evaluating the effect of treatment.
Análise Estocástica do Algoritmo LMS no Domínio Transformado para Ambiente Não-estacionário

—This paper presents an improved statistical model for the transform-domain LMS algorithm working in a non-stationary environment arisen from a time-varying plant. The stationary case is also considered as being a particular case of the non-stationary one. The derived model considers a fixed-length sliding window for estimating the transformed input signal power. In addition, small step-size condition and Gaussian input data are assumed. By using the model expression, algorithm parameters such as excess error, misadjustment, and step size for minimum excess error are obtained. Through numerical simulations, the accuracy of the proposed model is assessed.
Identification of gene pathways altered by deletion of the androgen receptor specifically in 1 mineralizing osteoblasts and osteocytes in mice 2 3

1 Department of Medicine, Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia. 7 8 Address for Correspondence and Reprint Requests: 9 Dr Rachel Davey, 10 Department of Medicine, Austin Health, 11 University of Melbourne, 12 Studley Road, 13 Heidelberg, Victoria, 3084, Australia, 14 Ph: + 61 3 9496 5507, 15 Fax: + 61 3 9457 5485, 16 Email: r.davey@unimelb.edu. au 17 18 Short Title: Identification of androgen regulated genes 19 20
Re-admission and quality of life among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease after telemedicine video nursing consultation - a randomized study

Background Our previous study showed a reduced cumulative length of re-admission stays due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations during one year after telemedicine video consultation (TVC). The current study evaluated the effects of TVC on the length of re-admission stays within 12 months follow up post-TVC compared to phone call follow up or COPD usual care in a randomized study. Our secondary aim was to assess the impact of TVC on the frequency of re-admissions within 12 months of follow up. Patient satisfaction, hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) and COPD assessment test (CAT) scores were also evaluated. Methods The study was a prospective randomized study of COPD patients who after hospital discharge for acute COPD exacerbations, were randomized to monitoring by TVC at home compared to phone call follow up for two weeks by a specialist nurse at the hospital or usual COPD care. Prospectively, we compared the cumulative durations and frequencies of hospital re-admissions due to COPD exacerbations within 12 months follow up after TVC, phone call follow up or usual COPD care. Results Among 173 COPD patients followed for 12 months, 99 were re-admitted. The median cumulative length of readmission stays per patient within 12 months post-TVC did not differ from those followed by phone calls or with usual COPD care. The number of patients re-admitted and the number of re-admissions due to COPD exacerbations were also equal in the three groups. Patient satisfaction was high among those followed by TVC and phone calls, and the HADS and CAT scores favorably declined from baseline to post-intervention in patients followed by TVC and phone calls. Conclusions The study could not demonstrate a beneficial effect of TVC on the cumulative length of re-admission stays or on the number of re-admissions within 12 months following an acute COPD hospital stay, as compared to those followed by phone calls or with usual COPD care. Patient satisfaction was high among those followed by TVC and phone calls, and the declines in HADS and CAT scores seem to be consequences of increased empowerment and competence for good self-care in COPD patients, remaining through the one-year observation period.
A Fruit Citric Acid Concentration Detector for Fruit Farm IoT Applications

In this work, a fruit citric acid concentration detector for fruit farm Internet of Things (IoT) applications is newly proposed. The proposed detector composes of a citric acid sensor and a converter, including the analog processing circuits and a three-order continuous-time incremental sigma-delta modulator (CT-ISDM). Different to previous researches, the proposed detector is newly to overcome a serious problem of low-frequency noise arising from farming machines used in the fruit farm, such as agricultural vehicles. Moreover, the proposed detector has a high 14-bit system resolution. With these two advantages, through the digital output of the proposed detector, the information of fruit citric acid concentrations could be clearly obtained and easily transmitted by the IoT devices. The measured citric acid concentrations were 1.1–15.9 (g/mL), and the measured corresponding signal-to-noise-distortion ratio (SNDR) was 72.6–80.3 dB. As a result, the proposed detector can thus convert the citric acid concentrations into the SNDR linearly. Finally, an experiment to verify the proposed detector used in the fruit farm was also successfully validated. By measured and experimented results, the proposed fruit citric acid concentration detector was able to function normally for fruit farm IoT applications.
Moral Philosophy and Politics

The Internet of Things (IoT) is, in part, an information handling system that can remove humans from the information handling process. The particular problem explored is how we are to understand privacy when considering informational systems that handle personal information in ways that impact people’s lives when there is no human operator in direct contact with that personal information. I argue that these new technologies need to take concepts like privacy into account, but also, that we ought also to take these technologies into account to reconsider and perhaps reconceptualise privacy. This paper argues that while an inhuman system like the IoT does not necessarily violate the interpersonal privacy of people, if the IoT is used as part of a state surveillance program, a political notion of privacy may be violated.
Development, construct validity and test–retest reliability of a field-based wheelchair mobility performance test for wheelchair basketball

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to develop and describe a wheelchair mobility performance test in wheelchair basketball and to assess its construct validity and reliability. To mimic mobility performance of wheelchair basketball matches in a standardised manner, a test was designed based on observation of wheelchair basketball matches and expert judgement. Forty-six players performed the test to determine its validity and 23 players performed the test twice for reliability. Independent-samples t-tests were used to assess whether the times needed to complete the test were different for classifications, playing standards and sex. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated to quantify reliability of performance times. Males performed better than females (P < 0.001, effect size [ES] = −1.26) and international men performed better than national men (P < 0.001, ES = −1.62). Performance time of low (≤2.5) and high (≥3.0) classification players was borderline not significant with a moderate ES (P = 0.06, ES = 0.58). The reliability was excellent for overall performance time (ICC = 0.95). These results show that the test can be used as a standardised mobility performance test to validly and reliably assess the capacity in mobility performance of elite wheelchair basketball athletes. Furthermore, the described methodology of development is recommended for use in other sports to develop sport-specific tests.
Phase space load balancing priority scheduling algorithm for cloud computing clusters

Due to the development of new technologies such as the Internet and cloud computing, high requirements have been placed on the storage and management of big data. At the same time, new applications in the cloud computing environment also pose new requirements for cloud storage systems, such as strong scalability and high concurrency. Currently, the existing nosql database system is based on cloud computing virtual resources, supporting dynamic addition and deletion of virtual nodes. Based on the study of phase space reconstruction, the necessity of considering traffic flow as a chaotic time series is analyzed. In addition, offline data migration methods based on load balancing are also studied. Firstly, a data migration model is proposed through analysis, and the factors that affect migration performance are analyzed. Based on this, optimization objectives for migration are proposed. Then, the system design of data migration is presented, and optimization research is conducted from two aspects around the migration optimization objectives: optimizing from the data source layer, and proposing the LBS method to convert data sources into distributed data sources, ensuring the balanced distribution of data and meeting the scalability requirements of the system. This paper applies cloud computing technology and phase space reconstruction to load balancing scheduling algorithms to promote their development.
Perturbation of Quorum Sensing after the Acquisition of Bacteriophage Resistance Could Contribute to Novel Traits in Vibrio alginolyticus

Bacteria employ a wide range of molecular mechanisms to confer resistance to bacteriophages, and these mechanisms are continuously being discovered and characterized. However, there are instances where certain bacterial species, despite lacking these known mechanisms, can still develop bacteriophage resistance through intricate metabolic adaptation strategies, potentially involving mutations in transcriptional regulators or phage receptors. Vibrio species have been particularly useful for studying the orchestrated metabolic responses of Gram-negative marine bacteria in various challenges. In a previous study, we demonstrated that Vibrio alginolyticus downregulates the expression of specific receptors and transporters in its membrane, which may enable the bacterium to evade infection by lytic bacteriophages. In our current study, our objective was to explore how the development of bacteriophage resistance in Vibrio species disrupts the quorum-sensing cascade, subsequently affecting bacterial physiology and metabolic capacity. Using a real-time quantitative PCR (rt-QPCR) platform, we examined the expression pattern of quorum-sensing genes, auto-inducer biosynthesis genes, and cell density regulatory proteins in phage-resistant strains. Our results revealed that bacteriophage-resistant bacteria downregulate the expression of quorum-sensing regulatory proteins, such as LuxM, LuxN, and LuxP. This downregulation attenuates the normal perception of quorum-sensing peptides and subsequently diminishes the expression of cell density regulatory proteins, including LuxU, aphA, and LuxR. These findings align with the diverse phenotypic traits observed in the phage-resistant strains, such as altered biofilm formation, reduced planktonic growth, and reduced virulence. Moreover, the transcriptional depletion of aphA, the master regulator associated with low cell density, was linked to the downregulation of genes related to virulence. This phenomenon appears to be phage-specific, suggesting a finely tuned metabolic adaptation driven by phage–host interaction. These findings contribute to our understanding of the role of Vibrio species in microbial marine ecology and highlight the complex interplay between phage resistance, quorum sensing, and bacterial physiology.
Effect of Chitosan on Ruminal Fermentation and Microbial Communities, Methane Emissions, and Productive Performance of Dairy Cattle

Simple Summary Expanding our understanding of the changes induced by chitosan supplementation on the rumen microbiome and its complexity is not only a key factor in finding strategies to decrease CH4 production from ruminants but also in enhancing our knowledge on the mechanisms of action of chitosan in the rumen. Therefore, this study aimed to expand the knowledge about the activity and mode of action of chitosan on methanogenesis and rumen microbial taxonomy. This is the first study, to our knowledge, accounting for the effects of chitosan on ruminal microorganisms on in vivo conditions and using whole-metagenome sequencing. Chitosan did not affect rumen microbial diversity but induced shifts in the relative abundance of some microbial taxa. Chitosan increased relative abundance of Anaeroplasma and tended to reduce fibrolytic fungi and protozoa, resulting in a shift of ruminal fermentation towards a lower acetic to propionic ratio. However, CH4 emissions, microbial protein synthesis, and productive performance were not affected by CHI supplementation. The dose of chitosan used in this study seemed not to be large enough to have a concomitant improvement in animal performance and CH4 reduction. Therefore, future works with higher doses would be necessary to assess the potential use of this additive as methane inhibitor. Abstract This study aimed to expand the knowledge about the activity and mode of action of CHI on methanogenesis and rumen microbial populations in vivo. A total of 16 lactating dairy cows were distributed in two groups, one of them receiving 135 mg CHI/kg body weight daily. The effect on productive performance, milk composition, fermentation efficiency, methane emissions, microbial protein synthesis, and ruminal microbial communities was determined. Supplementation with CHI did not affect rumen microbial diversity but increased the relative abundance (RA) of the bacteria Anaeroplasma and decreased those of rumen ciliates and protozoa resulting in a shift towards a lower acetic to propionic ratio. However, no effect on milk yield or methane intensity was observed. In conclusion, supplementing 135 mg CHI/kg body weight increased the RA of Anaeroplasma and decreased those of rumen ciliates and protozoa, both being related to fiber degradation in the rumen in different ways and resulted in a shift of ruminal fermentation towards more propionate proportions, without affecting CH4 emissions, milk yield, or milk composition. Further research with higher doses would be necessary to assess the potential use of this additive as a methane inhibitor.
Multimodal Imaging of the Distal Interphalangeal-joint Synovio-entheseal Complex in Psoriatic Arthritis (MIDAS): a Cross-sectional Study on the Diagnostic Accuracy of Different Imaging Modalities Comparing Psoriatic Arthritis to Psoriasis and Osteoarthritis

Background No gold-standard diagnostic test for psoriatic arthritis (PsA) exists. The diagnosis relies on different patterns of symptom involvement which can mimic other arthritides such as hand osteoarthritis (OA). We aimed to investigate if ultrasound (US), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and X-Ray applied to the distal interphalangeal (DIP)-joint and synovio-entheseal complex (SEC) can be used to discriminate between patients with PsA, skin psoriasis (PsO) and OA. Methods from PsO patients, it is of signi�cance if they present with X-ray enthesitis and a high degree of US erosions and NBF or MRI synovitis-, tenosynovitis-, erosion score or bone marrow oedema.