Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intersite electron correlations in a Hubbard model on inhomogeneous lattices

We study intersite electron correlations in the half-filled Hubbard model on square lattices with periodic and open boundary conditions by means of a real-space dual fermion approach. By calculating renormalization factors, we clarify that nearest-neighbor intersite correlations already significantly reduce the critical interaction. The Mott transition occurs at U/t ∼ 6.4, where U is the interaction strength and t is the hopping integral. This value is consistent with quantum Monte Carlo results. It shows the importance of short-range intersite correlations, which are taken into account in the framework of the real-space dual fermion approach.
THERMAL EMISSIONS SPANNING THE PROMPT AND THE AFTERGLOW PHASES OF THE ULTRA-LONG GRB 130925A

GRB 130925A is an ultra-long gamma-ray burst (GRB), and it shows clear evidence for thermal emission in the soft X-ray data of the Swift/X-ray Telescope (XRT; ∼0.5 keV), lasting until the X-ray afterglow phase. Due to the long duration of the GRB, the burst could be studied in hard X-rays with high-resolution focusing detectors (NuSTAR). The blackbody temperature, as measured by the Swift/XRT, shows a decreasing trend until the late phase (Piro et al.) whereas the high-energy data reveal a significant blackbody component during the late epochs at an order of magnitude higher temperature (∼5 keV) compared to contemporaneous low energy data (Bellm et al.). We resolve this apparent contradiction by demonstrating that a model with two black bodies and a power law (2BBPL) is consistent with the data right from the late prompt emission to the afterglow phase. Both blackbodies show a similar cooling behavior up to late times. We invoke a structured jet, having a fast spine and a slower sheath layer, to identify the location of these blackbodies. Independent of the physical interpretation, we propose that the 2BBPL model is a generic feature of the prompt emission of all long GRBs, and the thermal emission found in the afterglow phase of different GRBs reflects the lingering thermal component of the prompt emission with different timescales. We strengthen this proposal by pointing out a close similarity between the spectral evolutions of this GRB and GRB 090618, a source with significant wide band data during the early afterglow phase.
Hubungan Self Efficacy Academic Dengan Social Loafing Pada Kelompok Belajar Mahasiswa

Group learning methods during online learning are still applied with the aim of making it easier to do the tasks given. However, there are negative effects that arise from completing tasks in groups, one of which is the tendency of group members' behavior to reduce effort or also known as social loafing behavior. One way to minimize social loafing behavior is to increase academic self-efficacy in each individual. This study aims to determine the relationship between academic self-efficacy and social loafing in student study groups.The population in this study were students of the Islamic Study Program of UIN Raden Intan Lampung batch 2019 which consisted of five classes with a total of 154 students. The researcher used a quantitative research method with a sampling technique in the form of cluster random sampling and obtained a sample of 62 students from the population of class D and E. The data collection technique used the academic self-efficacy scale (α= 0.900) and the social loafing scale (α= 0.859). The data analysis technique used in this study is a correlation analysis technique with the help of the JASP 0.14. 1.0 program. The results showed the value of r = -0.693 with a significance of p 0.001, which means that there is a negative and significant relationship between academic self-efficacy and social loafing. The results also show that academic self-efficacy contributes 48% effectively to social loafing.Keywords: Social loafing, Academic Self efficacy, Students
Correlated two-photon transport in a one-dimensional waveguide side-coupled to a nonlinear cavity

We investigate the transport properties of two photons inside a one-dimensional waveguide side-coupled to a single-mode nonlinear cavity. The cavity is filled with a nonlinear Kerr medium. Based on the Laplace transform method, we present an analytic solution for the quantum states of the two transmitted and reflected photons, which are initially prepared in a Lorentzian wave packet. The solution reveals how quantum correlation between the two photons emerges after the scattering by the nonlinear cavity. In particular, we show that the output wave function of the two photons in position space can be localized in relative coordinates, which is a feature that might be interpreted as a two-photon bound state in this waveguide-cavity system.
Physics of Ultrathin Films and Heterostructures of Rare-Earth Nickelates

The electronic structure of transition metal oxides featuring correlated electrons can be rationalized within the Zaanen-Sawatzky-Allen framework. Following a brief description of the present paradigms of electronic behavior, we focus on the physics of rare-earth nickelates as an archetype of complexity emerging within the charge transfer regime. The intriguing prospect of realizing the physics of high-Tc cuprates through heterostructuring resulted in a massive endeavor to epitaxially stabilize these materials in ultrathin form. A plethora of new phenomena unfolded in such artificial structures due to the effect of epitaxial strain, quantum confinement, and interfacial charge transfer. Here we review the present status of artificial rare-earth nickelates in an effort to uncover the interconnection between the electronic and magnetic behavior and the underlying crystal structure. We conclude by discussing future directions to disentangle the puzzle regarding the origin of the metal-insulator transition, th.
Holographic superconductors with higher curvature corrections

We study (3+1)-dimensional holographic superconductors in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity both numerically and analytically. It is found that higher curvature corrections make condensation harder. We give an analytic proof of this result, and directly demonstrate an analytic approximation method that explains the qualitative features of superconductors as well as giving quantitatively good numerical results. We also calculate conductivity and ωg/Tc, for ωg and Tc the gap in the frequency dependent conductivity and the critical temperature respectively. It turns out that the `universal' behaviour of conductivity, ωg/Tc 8, is not stable to the higher curvature corrections. In the appendix, for completeness, we show our analytic method can also explain (2+1)-dimensional superconductors.
Improved Constraints on Dark Matter Annihilation to a Line using Fermi-LAT observations of Galaxy Clusters

Galaxy clusters are dominated by dark matter, and may have a larger proportion of surviving substructure than, e.g, field galaxies. Due to the presence of galaxy clusters in relative proximity and their high dark matter content, they are promising targets for the indirect detection of dark matter via Gamma-rays. Indeed, dedicated studies of sets of up to 100 clusters have been made previously, so far with no clear indication of a dark matter signal. Here we report on Gamma-ray observations of some 26,000 galaxy clusters based on Pass-7 Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) data, with clusters selected from the Tully 2MASS Groups catalog. None of these clusters is significantly detected in Gamma-rays, and we present Gamma-ray flux upper limits between 20 GeV and 500 GeV. We estimate the dark matter content of each of the clusters in these catalogs, and constrain the dark matter annihilation cross section, by analyzing Fermi-LAT data from the directions of the clusters. We set some of the tightest cluster-based constraints to date on the annihilation of dark matter particles with masses between 20 GeV and 500 GeV for annihilation to a gamma-ray line. Our cluster based constraints are not yet as strong as bounds placed using the Galactic Center, although an uncertainty still exists regarding the "boost factor" from cluster substructure, where we have chosen a rather conservative value. Our analysis, given this choice of possible boost, is not yet sensitive enough to fully rule out typical realistic DM candidates, especially if the gamma-ray line is not a dominant annihilation mode.
Effect of Phyllanthus amarus in sodium arsenite-induced tissue damage

This study aims to evaluate the effect of alcoholic extract of Phyllanthus amarus leaves on arsenic-induced histological changes in Wistar rats. Rats were divided into 4 groups: Group I: normal control; Group II: rats received sodium arsenite (40 mg/kg); Group III: rats received sodium arsenite (40 mg/kg) + P. amarus extract (100 mg/kg); Group IV: rats received sodium arsenite (40 mg/kg) + extract (200 mg/kg). All groups were treated by oral gavage with sodium arsenite for 28 days and the animals were subsequently administered (oral) with 100 and 200 mg/kg extract, once daily for two weeks. Animals were sacrificed 24 hours after the last treatment and different organs were collected for histopathological analysis. Results revealed mild to severe type of necrosis and degenerative changes in brain, kidney, and liver of arsenic fed animals. In rats administered with extract showed significant improvements, and the normal histological feature of the cells was almost restored in rats. These suggest that P. amarus can be used to treat arsenic-induced multi-organ damages.
Colour gradients within SDSS DR7 galaxies: hints of recent evolution

The evolutionary path followed by a galaxy shapes its internal structure, and, in particular, its internal colour variation. We present a study of the internal colour variation within galaxies from the Seventh Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS DR7). We statistically study the connection between the internal colour variation and global galactic properties, looking for hints of the recent galactic evolution. Considering only galaxies with good photometry and spectral measurements, we define four luminosity-threshold samples within the redshift range 0.01 < z < 0.17, each containing more than 48 000 galaxies. Colour gradients are calculated for these galaxies from the surface brightness measurements provided by the SDSS DR7. Possible systematic effects in their determination have been analysed. We find that, on average, galaxies have redder cores than their external parts. We also find that it is more likely to find steep colour gradients among late-type galaxies. This result holds for a range of classifications based on both morphological and spectral characteristics. In fact, our results relate, on average, steep colour gradients to a higher presence of young stars within a galaxy. Our results also suggest that nuclear activity is a marginal driver for creating steep colour gradients in massive galaxies. We have selected pairs of interacting galaxies, with a separation of 5 arcmin, in projected radius, and a difference in redshift of 100 km s−1, finding that they present steeper gradients than the average population, skewed towards bluer cores. Our analysis implies that colour gradients can be useful for selecting galaxies that have suffered a recent (minor) burst of star formation.
Role of the absorption on the spin-orbit interactions of light with Si nano-particles

The conservation of the photon total angular momentum in the incident direction in an axially symmetric scattering process is a very well known fact. Nonetheless, the re-distribution of this conserved magnitude into its spin and orbital components, an effect known as the spin-orbit interaction (SOI) of light, is still a matter of active research. Here, we discuss the effect of the absorption on the SOI in the scattering of a sub-wavelength Silicon particle. Describing the scattering process of a electric and magnetic dipole, we show via the asymmetry parameter that the SOI of light in the scattering of high refractive index nanoparticles endures in the presence of optical losses. This effect results in optical mirages whose maximum values surpass those of an electric dipolar scatterer.
Dynamical Properties in Uniform and Periodic Growth Modes of Ascorbic Acid Crystal Domain from Thin Solution Film

There exists a threshold-sensitive dynamical transition between uniform and periodic growth modes in the domain growth of ascorbic acid crystals from its aqueous supersaturated solution film. The crystal growth induces solution flow. Humidity controls the fluidity of the solution. The solution flow varies the film thickness. The threshold exists in the thickness of the solution film. If the thickness becomes lower than the threshold, the solution flow and the crystal growth almost stop.
Focusing of intense subpicosecond laser pulses in wedge targets

Two dimensional particle-in-cell simulations characterizing the interaction of ultraintense short pulse lasers in the range 1018 ≤ I ≤ 1020 W/cm2 with converging target geometries are presented. Seeking to examine intensity amplification in high-power laser systems, where focal spots are typically non-diffraction limited, we describe key dynamical features as the injected laser intensity and convergence angle of the target are systematically varied. We find that laser pulses are focused down to a wavelength with the peak intensity amplified by an order of magnitude beyond its vacuum value and develop a simple model for how the peak location moves back towards the injection plane over time. This performance is sustained over hundreds of femtoseconds and scales to laser intensities beyond 1020 W/cm2 at 1 μm wavelength.
High mobility and high on/off ratio field-effect transistors based on chemical vapor deposited single-crystal MoS2 grains

We report the electrical characteristics of field-effect transistors (FETs) with single-crystal molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) channels synthesized by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). For a bilayer MoS2 FET, the field-effect mobility is ∼17 cm2 V−1 s−1 and the on/off current ratio is ∼108, which are much higher than those of FETs based on CVD polycrystalline MoS2 films. By avoiding the detrimental effects of the grain boundaries and the contamination introduced by the transfer process, the quality of the CVD MoS2 atomic layers deposited directly on SiO2 is comparable to or better than the exfoliated MoS2 flakes. The result shows that CVD is a viable method to synthesize high quality MoS2 atomic layers.
Biomarkers for Osteoarthritis Diseases

Growing evidence has revealed the pivotal role of inflammatory biomarkers in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. There is significant interest in the prognostic value of select biomarkers, given the potential for early identification and treatment of patients at risk of osteoarthritis prior to the development of irreversible clinical disease. Clinical trials of novel therapeutics that disrupt the inflammatory pathways of osteoarthritis are also ongoing. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current literature on key biomarkers within the context of osteoarthritis pathogenesis, clinical symptom development, and treatment capabilities. Multiple recent studies have established biomarkers that signal the existence of osteoarthritis pathology and the development of clinical symptomology. However, prior to implementation in clinical practice, additional research is required to precisely define the prognostic value for numerous biomarkers and standardize their measurement. Biomarker-driven investigations represent a promising avenue for the early diagnosis and treatment of osteoarthritis.
Disorder effects during the evolution from BCS to BEC superfluidity

We describe the effects of disorder on the critical temperature of s-wave superfluids from the BCS to the BEC regime, with direct application to ultracold Fermi atoms. In the BCS regime the pair breaking and phase coherence temperature scales are essentially the same allowing strong correlations between the amplitude and phase of the order parameter. As non-pair breaking disorder is introduced the largely overlapping Cooper pairs conspire to maintain phase coherence such that the critical temperature remains essentially unchanged. However, in the BEC regime the pair breaking and phase coherence temperature scales are very different such that non-pair breaking disorder can affect dramatically phase coherence, and thus the critical temperature, without the requirement of breaking tightly-bound fermion pairs simultaneously. Finally, we find that the superfluid is more robust against weak disorder in the intermediate region between the two regimes.
Does gravity's rainbow induce inflation without an inflaton?

We study aspects of quantum cosmology in the presence of modified space-time geometry. In particular, within the context of gravity's rainbow modified geometry, motivated from quantum gravity corrections at the Planck energy scale, we show that the distortion of the metric leads to a Wheeler-DeWitt equation whose solution admits outgoing plane waves. Hence, a period of cosmological inflation may arise without the need of introducing an inflaton field.
Competing orders in colloidal kagome ice: Importance of the in-trap motion of the particles

Artificial ice systems have been designed to replicate paradigmatic phenomena observed in frustrated spin systems. Here we present a detailed theoretical analysis based on Monte-Carlo simulations of the low energy phases in an artificial colloidal ice system, a recently introduced ice system where an ensemble of repulsive colloids are two-dimensionally confined by gravity to a lattice of double wells at a one-to-one filling. Triggered by recent results obtained by Brownian dynamics simulations [A. Libal et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 027204 (2018)], we analyze the energetics and the phase transitions that occur in the honeycomb geometry (realizing the analogue of a spin ice system on a kagome lattice) when decreasing the temperature. When the particles are restricted to occupy the two minima of the potential well, we recover the same phase diagram as the dipolar spin ice system, with a long range ordered chiral ground state. In contrast, when considering the particle motion and their relaxation within the traps, we observe ferromagnetic ordering at low temperature. This observation highlights the fundamental role played by the continuous motion of the colloids in artificial ice systems.
ournal of Statistical Mechanics: J Theory and Experiment Competition for ﬁnite resources

The resources in a cell are ﬁnite, which implies that the various components of the cell must compete for resources. One such resource is the ribosomes used during translation to create proteins. Motivated by this example, we explore this competition by connecting two totally asymmetric simple exclusion processes (TASEPs) to a ﬁnite pool of particles. Expanding on our previous work, we focus on the eﬀects on the density and current of having diﬀerent entry and exit rates.
Heavy and Strange Holographic Baryons

We extend the $D4$-$D8$ holographic construction to include three chiral and one heavy flavor, to describe heavy-light baryons with strangeness and their exotics. At strong coupling, the heavy meson always binds to the bulk instanton in the form of a flavor zero mode in the fundamental representation. We quantize the ensuing bound states using the collective quantization method, to obtain the spectra of heavy and strange baryons with both explicit and hidden charm and bottom. Our results confirm the existence of two low-lying charmed penta-quark states with $\frac 12^-,\frac 32^-$ assignments, and predict many new ones with both charm and bottom. They also suggest a quartet of low-lying neutral $\Omega_c^0$ with assignments $\frac 12^\pm ,\frac 32^\pm$ that are heavier than the quintuplet of neutral $\Omega_c^0$ recently reported by LHCb.
Bounds on the compactification scale of two universal extra dimensions from exclusive b → sγ decays

The exclusive radiative B → K*γ, B → K*2γ, Bs → ϕγ and Λb → Λγ decays are studied in a new physics scenario with two universal extra dimensions compactified on a chiral square. The computed branching fractions depend on the size R of the extra dimensions; a comparison with the available measurements allows us to put bounds on such a fundamental parameter. The strongest bound GeV is obtained from the mode B0 → K*0γ using a set of form factors.
Investigating kpc-scale radio emission properties of narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies

In recent years, several Radio-Loud Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 galaxies (RL-NLS1) possessing relativistic jets have come into attention with their detections in Very Large Baseline Array (VLBA) and in $\gamma$-ray observations. In this paper we attempt to understand the nature of radio-jets in NLS1s by examining the kpc-scale radio properties of, hitherto, the largest sample of 11101 optically-selected NLS1s. Using 1.4 GHz FIRST, 1.4 GHz NVSS, 327 MHz WENNS, and 150 MHz TGSS catalogues we find the radio-detection of merely $\sim$ 4.5 per cent (498/11101) NLS1s, with majority (407/498 $\sim$ 81.7 per cent) of them being RL-NLS1s. Our study yields the highest number of RL-NLS1s and it can only be a lower limit. We find that the most of our radio-detected NLS1s are compact ($<$ 30 kpc), exhibit both flat as well as steep radio spectra, and are distributed across a wide range of 1.4 GHz radio luminosities (10$^{22}$ $-$ 10$^{27}$ W Hz$^{-1}$). At the high end of radio luminosity our NLS1s often tend to show blazar-like properties such as compact radio-size, flat/inverted radio spectrum, radio variability and polarization. The diagnostic plots based on the mid-IR colours suggest that the radio emission in NLS1s is mostly powered by AGN, while nuclear star-formation may have a significant contribution in NLS1s of low radio luminosities. The radio luminosity versus radio-size plot infers that the radio-jets in NLS1s are either in the early evolutionary phase or possibly remain confined within the nuclear region due to low-power or intermittent AGN activity.
The onset of ion heating during magnetic reconnection with a strong guide field

The onset of the acceleration of ions during magnetic reconnection is explored via particle-in-cell simulations in the limit of a strong ambient guide field that self-consistently and simultaneously follow the motions of protons and α particles. Heating parallel to the local magnetic field during reconnection with a guide field is strongly reduced compared with the reconnection of anti-parallel magnetic fields. The dominant heating of thermal ions during guide field reconnection results from pickup behavior of ions during their entry into reconnection exhausts and dominantly produces heating perpendicular rather than parallel to the local magnetic field. Pickup behavior requires that the ion transit time across the exhaust boundary (with a transverse scale of the order of the ion sound Larmor radius) be short compared with the ion cyclotron period. This translates into a threshold in the strength of reconnecting magnetic field that favors the heating of ions with high mass-to-charge. A simulation with a b.
BKL oscillations in 2+1 space-time dimensions

We investigate the question whether there are cosmological models in 2+1 space-time dimensions which exhibit dynamics similar to BKL oscillations, as the cosmological singularity is approached. Based on intuition, we conceive a toy model which displays such oscillatory dynamics. We show that in the phase space of this model, the cosmological singularity is represented by a separatrix curve and discuss the model's dynamics within the cosmological billiards picture. Finally, we offer a physical interpretation for a family of similar cosmological models in terms of the topological degrees of freedom of gravity in 2+1 dimensions.