Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Review of Dentinogenesis Imperfecta and Primary Dentin Disorders in Dogs

This review describes the clinical, radiographic and histologic characteristics of dentinogenesis imperfecta diagnosed in two unrelated young dogs without evidence of concurrent osteogenesis imperfecta. The dentition was noted to have generalized coronal discoloration ranging from grey-blue to golden brown. Clinical pulp exposure, coronal wear and fractures were observed as was radiographic evidence of endodontic disease, thin dentin walls or dystrophic obliteration of the pulp canal. The enamel was severely affected by attrition and abrasion despite histologically normal areas; loss was most likely due to poor adherence or support by the underlying abnormal dentin. Histologically, permanent and deciduous teeth examined showed thin, amorphous dentin without organized dentin tubules and odontoblasts had dysplastic cell morphology. Primary dentin disorders, including dentinogenesis imperfecta and dentin dysplasia, have been extensively studied and genetically characterized in humans but infrequently reported in dogs. Treatment in human patients is aimed at early recognition and multi-disciplinary intervention to restore and maintain normal occlusion, aesthetics, mastication and speech. Treatment in both humans and canine patients is discussed as is the documented genetic heritability of primary dentin disorders in humans.
Analysis of Factors That Influence the Use of Social Media Analytic Debi Using UTAUT Model

Social media has provided consumers with new opportunities to engage in social interactions on the internet. The very high increase in the number of social media users has provided a new market for companies that can be seen as new business opportunities. Digital Brand Index or also called DEBI is a social media Analytic developed by limadigit agency in 2014 which aims to be a unique selling point for the agency. This study aims to determine what factors influence the behavior of using social media Analytic DEBI using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology method (UTAUT). The Conclusion of this study is behavioral intention has a significant effect on use behavior, performance expectancy doesn’t has a significant effect on behavioral intention, effort expectancy doesn’t has a significant effect on behavioral intention, facilitating condition has a significant effect on behavioral intention, information quality doesn’t has a significant effect on behavioral intention, existing features has a significant effect on behavioral intention, based on the conclusion, the factors that influence the use behavior of DEBI are behavioral intention, facilitating condition and existing features.
Online and Offline Coordination in Australia’s Far-Right: A Study of True Blue Crew

Far-right extremism transpires in virtual and physical space. In this study, we examine how the Australian far-right extremist group ‘True Blue Crew’ attempted to coordinate their offline activities with their social media activism. To this end, we conducted a thematic content analysis of administrator posts and user comments present on the group’s Facebook page prior to and following an organised street rally in June 2017. This online analysis was partnered with ethnographic field work to gauge the perceptions of group members and supporters during the rally in Melbourne, Victoria. The results highlight the multi-dimensional and intimate manner in which online and offline contexts are coordinated to support far-right activism and mobilisation. This study offers an empirical account of how far-right attitudes, activism, and mobilisation transpired in Australia in the years prior to an Australian committing the Christchurch terror attack. It reveals a growing frustration within the broader far-right movement, leading to later strategic adaptation that can be interpreted as an early warning sign of an environment increasingly conducive to violence. This provides a more nuanced understanding of the context from which far-right terrorism emerges, and speaks to the importance of maintaining a level of analysis that transverses the social and the individual, as well as the online and the offline spaces. Implications for security and government agencies responses are discussed.
ASCA Observation of an X-Ray/TeV Flare from the BL Lacertae Object Markarian 421

We observed the BL Lac object Mrk 421 with the X-ray satellite ASCA in 1994 as part of a multifrequency observation. The 24 hr observation was conducted 1 day after the onset of a TeV flare detected by the Whipple Observatory and detected an X-ray flare, with no apparent variability in the optical, UV, and EGRET GeV flux. The ASCA 2-10 keV flux peaked at 3.7 × 10-10 ergs cm-2 s-1 and then decreased to 1.8 × 10-10 ergs cm-2 s-1 with a doubling timescale of ~12 hr. The shape of the X-ray spectrum varied during the observation, such that the hard X-rays always led the soft X-rays, both in brightening and dimming of the source, with a lag of the 0.5-1 keV photons versus those in the 2-7.5 keV band of ~1 hr. The rapid TeV variability indicates a compact TeV-producing region, suggesting relativistic beaming with a Doppler factor δ ≥ 5. The correlation of the flux in the X-ray and the TeV bands indicates that a high-energy tail of a single electron population is responsible for both X-rays and TeV γ-rays, with radio, IR, UV and X-rays produced via the synchrotron process and GeV and TeV γ-rays produced via Comptonization. Under the assumption that the “soft lag” observed in the X-ray band is due to the synchrotron-lifetime effects, with δ = 5, we calculate the magnetic field for the X-ray-producing region to be ~0.2 G. The Lorentz factors γel of the electrons responsible for the emission in the keV and TeV bands are ~106, consistent with the values implied by the Klein-Nishina limit.
Standardization of Epidemiological Surveillance of Acute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis

Abstract Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN) is an immune complex-induced glomerulonephritis that develops as a sequela of streptococcal infections. This article provides guidelines for the surveillance of APSGN due to group A Streptococcus (Strep A). The primary objectives of APSGN surveillance are to monitor trends in age- and sex-specific incidence, describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with APSGN, document accompanying risk factors, then monitor trends in frequency of complications, illness duration, hospitalization rates, and mortality. This document provides surveillance case definitions for APSGN, including clinical and subclinical APSGN based on clinical and laboratory evidence. It also details case classifications that can be used to differentiate between confirmed and probable cases, and it discusses the current investigations used to provide evidence of antecedent Strep A infection. The type of surveillance recommended depends on the burden of APSGN in the community and the objectives of surveillance. Strategies for minimal surveillance and enhanced surveillance of APSGN are provided. Furthermore, a discussion covers the surveillance population and additional APSGN-specific surveillance considerations such as contact testing, active follow up of cases and contacts, frequency of reporting, surveillance visits, period of surveillance, and community engagement. Finally, the document presents core data elements to be collected on case report forms, along with guidance for documenting the course and severity of APSGN.
A genome‐wide phylogeny and the diversification of genus Liriomyza (Diptera: Agromyzidae) inferred from anchored phylogenomics

The genus Liriomyza Mik (Diptera: Agromyzidae) is a diverse and globally distributed group of acalyptrate flies. Phylogenetic relationships among Liriomyza species have remained incompletely investigated and have never been fully addressed using molecular data. Here, we reconstruct the phylogeny of the genus Liriomyza using various phylogenetic methods (maximum likelihood, Bayesian inference, and gene tree coalescence) on target‐capture‐based phylogenomic datasets (nucleotides and amino acids) obtained from anchored hybrid enrichment (AHE). We have recovered tree topologies that are nearly congruent across all data types and methods, and individual clade support is strong across all phylogenetic analyses. Moreover, defined morphological species groups and clades are well‐supported in our best estimates of the molecular phylogeny. Liriomyza violivora (Spencer) is a sister group to all remaining sampled Liriomyza species, and the well‐known polyphagous vegetable pests [L. huidobrensis (Blanchard), L. langei Frick, L. bryoniae. (Kaltenbach), L. trifolii (Burgess), L. sativae Blanchard, and L. brassicae (Riley)]. belong to multiple clades that are not particularly closely related on the trees. Often, closely related Liriomyza species feed on distantly related host plants. We reject the hypothesis that cophylogenetic processes between Liriomyza species and their host plants drive diversification in this genus. Instead, Liriomyza exhibits a widespread pattern of major host shifts across plant taxa. Our new phylogenetic estimate for Liriomyza species provides considerable new information on the evolution of host‐use patterns in this genus. In addition, it provides a framework for further study of the morphology, ecology, and diversification of these important flies.
Exploration on Images Translating of Chinese Classical Literature

: Recently, as Chinese culture draws growing attention from international academia, the translation of cultural images of Chinese to English has become a hot spot-on translators and scholars. The translation of cultural images plays an important role in promoting Chinese culture at home and abroad. The academic interest in cultural image have risen from the Cultural Turn in translation studies and risen from the fact that image is believed to be a carrier of cultural connotations, so to study strategies of translating cultural images is meaningful for literary translation as well as for inheriting and promoting Chinese cultural heritage. However, due to the obviously national and regional differences of cultural images and their different forms of classifications and manifestation, there are still many difficulties for translating practitioners, and the existing translation strategies and methods are still at issue, as they could not fully meet the requirement for translating Chinese cultural images. Based on traditional cultural image translation theories, this thesis starts from the study of culture turn and then it introduces the definitions of images and cultural images. Since cultural image is of great significance, some examples of Chinese cultural images that appeared in Chinese classical works and their translations are illustrated.
Analysis of the Competitiveness of Chongqing Tourism Industry and Research on Measures to Improve It

With the increase of per capita income, people's demand for quality of life is also getting higher and higher, more and more young people's "savings thinking" fades, they use their income more to experience life instead of saving in the bank, in addition to such daily pastime activities as script killing, watching movies, partying, people also choose to use weekends or holidays in addition to daily pastimes such as script-killing, movie-watching, and partying, people also choose to use weekends or holidays to travel to the provinces, making the corresponding "weekend trips" and "short-distance trips" gradually more popular in recent years. Therefore, this paper analyzes the current situation of tourism in Chongqing to find out the problems and make some policy suggestions.
Aplicación de una recta de Teissier a la depuración de una base de datos termopluviométricos mensuales

espanolSe han ensayado varios metodos, basados en el analisis de regresion, para rellenar y depurar series termopluviometricas mensuales y anuales. La regresion simple (modelo I) ha proporcionado resultados similares a los de la recta de Teissier en las series termometricas, si bien en las pluviometricas esta ultima ha mejorado ligeramente la calidad de las estimaciones. En cambio, en el caso de las precipitaciones anuales, tanto una como otra han resultado inadecuadas, especialmente en casos de extrapolacion, y se ha tenido que recurrir al sencillo metodo de las proporciones EnglishSeveral regression based methods have been tested to check the quality and estimate the missing values of monthly and yearly thermopluviometric series. Simple regression (model I) yielded similar results as the Teissier regression when applied to the thermometric series, though this last method slightly improved the estimation of the pluviometric missing values. On the other hand, both methods were inadequate for yearly precipitation data, specially in cases where extrapolation was needed, and the simpler ratio method had to be applied, giving better results due to its higher robustness
Enhancing Aboveground Biomass Estimation for Three Pinus Forests in Yunnan, SW China, Using Landsat 8

The estimation of forest aboveground biomass (AGB) using Landsat 8 operational land imagery (OLI) images has been extensively studied, but forest aboveground biomass (AGB) is often difficult to estimate accurately, in part due to the multi-level structure of forests, the heterogeneity of stands, and the diversity of tree species. In this study, a habitat dataset describing the distribution environment of forests, Landsat 8 OLI image data of spectral reflectance information, as well as a combination of the two datasets were employed to estimate the AGB of the three common pine forests (Pinus yunnanensis forests, Pinus densata forests, and Pinus kesiya forests) in Yunnan Province using a parametric model, stepwise linear regression model (SLR), and a non-parametric model, such as random forest (RF) and support vector machine (SVM). Based on the results, the following conclusions can be drawn. (1) As compared with the parametric model (SLR), the non-parametric models (RF and SVM) have a better fitting performance for estimating the AGB of the three pine forests, especially in the AGB segment of 40 to 200 Mg/ha. The non-parametric model is more sensitive to the number of data samples. In the case of the Pinus densata forest with a sample size greater than 100, RF fitting provides better fitting performance than SVM fitting, and the SVM fitting model is better suited to the AGB estimation of the Pinus yunnanensis forest with a sample size of less than 100. (2) Landsat 8 OLI images exhibit superior accuracy in estimating the AGB of the three pine forests using a single dataset. Variables, such as texture and vegetation index variables, which can reflect the comprehensive reflection information of ground objects, play a significant role in estimating AGBs, especially the texture variables. (3) By incorporating the combined dataset with characteristics of tree species distribution and ground object reflectance spectrum, the accuracy and stability of AGB estimation of the three pine forests can be improved. Moreover, the employment of a combined dataset is also effective in reducing the number of estimation errors in cases with AGB less than 100 Mg/ha or exceeding 150 Mg/ha.
Diffusion Tensor Imaging

A type of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) that maps the diffusion of water in three dimensions, the principal purpose of which is to image the white matter of the brain, specifically measuring the anisotropy, location, and orientation of the neural tracts, which can demonstrate microstructural changes or differences with neuropathology and treatment. Qeios · Definition, February 7, 2020
Central venous catheterization into the femoral vein

A central venous catheter (CVC) is usually placed to replace the spilled blood volume or inject a vasopressor. Among central catheterizations, the anatomy of the femoral vessel is lesser complex than that of others, and femoral venous catheterization is most easily cannulated percutaneously. However, endovascular training should be considered to complete the deployment of the central catheter and prevent complications systematically. Therefore, this study aimed to share the precise CVC procedure in the femoral vein and to impart endovascular techniques through simulation video clips and pictures.
Noise characterisation of GaN current aperture vertical electron transistor metal‐insulated semiconductor field effect transistor with Δ‐shaped gate for low noise radio frequency amplifiers

In this article, vertical CAVET with boron‐doped GaN layer as current blocking layer (CBL) for AlGaN/GaN is proposed in this study, and different electrical characteristics of the devices, such as DC (Ids − Vds), small‐signal radio frequency and high‐frequency microwave noise performances, are characterised using Synopsys TCAD simulations. The vertical CAVET AlGaN/GaN metal‐insulated semiconductor field effect transistor (MIS‐HEMT) has been found to have a high threshold VT = 6.36 V, drain saturation current, Ids,sat = 3.41 kA/cm2, reduced OFF‐state current <10−12 and improved high frequency and noise performances. The findings provide insight on noise sources and provide information on how to improve GaN transistor noise performance. Its useful characterisation tool for learning more about the imperfections in advanced AlGaN/GaN MIS‐HEMTs and how they evolve. A two‐port noise equivalent‐circuit description is used to calculate data for noise. Using data from noise and scattering parameters that have been measured, we evaluated the effect of noise sources due to gate and drain, as well as their correlation. The devices exhibit a minimum noise figure (NFmin) and an equivalent noise resistance (Rn) of 1.21 dB and 20 Ω at 20 GHz, with Vgs = 5 V and Vds = 10 V, which is small and appropriate for low‐noise amplifiers with a wide bandwidth. The maximum output power density Pout of 23 dBm and the maximum PAE of 63.3% are achieved for GaN V‐shaped CAVET MIS‐HEMTs with Vds = 10 V at 3.12 GHz is achieved. A comparison is made between the noise performance of conventional HEMTs, MIS‐HEMTs and FETs. The methods for obtaining the noise figure (NFmin) and other noise metrics are then explained and compared with those found in the literature.
Performance evaluation of hybrid transform for universal filtered multi‐carrier system

High peak to average power ratio (PAPR) is viewed as a serious limitation of all multi‐carrier systems. In this article, a companding transform with clipping technique is proposed for universal filtered multi‐carrier (UFMC) system. The proposed companding transform successfully reduces the PAPR by expanding the small amplitude signals and compressing the peak amplitude signals. Moreover, the combination of companding and clipping further reduces the PAPR. Besides, the proposed scheme provides more flexibility by properly selecting companding parameters and clipping ratio (CR). Additionally, this article presents the performance evaluation of various nonlinear companding transforms (NCTs) of the UFMC system in terms of PAPR reduction, bit‐error‐rate, and reduced out‐of‐band emissions. Simulation results confirm that the proposed hybrid transform provides superior system performance when compared to other NCTs. The proposed hybrid transform with CR of 1.4 provides superior PAPR diminution of 8.5 dB and net gain of 8.9 dB when compared to other schemes. Finally, the proposed hybrid transform is validated by using wireless‐open access‐research platform over real time channel.
Progress in the study of chemical composition and biological function of rosemary

: Rosemary is a kind of labiatric plant with rich value. Its main chemical components include flavonoids, terpenoids, organic acids and amino acids. On this basis, the biological effects of antibacterial, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti hyperglycemia and nerve injury were studied. The results provide scientific basis for further research of rosemary.
An empirical torque noise and spin-up model for accretion-powered X-ray pulsars

By using the first order autoregressive time series model, rotation histories of accretion-powered X-ray pulsars are modeled yielding a torque noise strength S in and the average secular spin-up term . We find that Her X-1, Cen X-3, A0535+26, and Vela X-1 can be modeled with white torque-noise leading to random walks in pulse frequency; for the remaining sources the random walk model is also acceptable. Using this model we calculate the noise strengths in the frequency derivative and estimate the remaining secular angular accelerations
WARPd: A Linearly Convergent First-Order Primal-Dual Algorithm for Inverse Problems with Approximate Sharpness Conditions

Sharpness conditions directly control the recovery performance of restart schemes for first-order optimization methods without the need for restrictive assumptions such as strong convexity. However, they are challenging to apply in the presence of noise or approximate model classes (e.g., approximate sparsity). We provide a first-order method: weighted, accelerated, and restarted primal-dual (WARPd), based on primal-dual iterations and a novel restart-reweight scheme. Under a generic approximate sharpness condition, WARPd achieves stable linear convergence to the desired vector. Many problems of interest fit into this framework. For example, we analyze sparse recovery in compressed sensing, low-rank matrix recovery, matrix completion, TV regularization, minimization of ∥ Bx ∥ l 1 under constraints ( l 1 -analysis problems for general B ), and mixed regularization problems. We show how several quantities controlling recovery performance also provide explicit approximate sharpness constants. Numerical experiments show that WARPd compares favorably with specialized state-of-the-art methods and is ideally suited for solving large-scale problems. We also present a noise-blind variant based on a square-root LASSO decoder. Finally, we show how to unroll WARPd as neural networks. This approximation theory result provides lower bounds for stable and accurate neural networks for inverse problems and sheds light on architecture choices. Code and a gallery of examples are available online as a MATLAB package.
PathGAN: Local path planning with attentive generative adversarial networks

For autonomous driving without high‐definition maps, we present a model capable of generating multiple plausible paths from egocentric images for autonomous vehicles. Our generative model comprises two neural networks: feature extraction network (FEN) and path generation network (PGN). The FEN extracts meaningful features from an egocentric image, whereas the PGN generates multiple paths from the features, given a driving intention and speed. To ensure that the paths generated are plausible and consistent with the intention, we introduce an attentive discriminator and train it with the PGN under a generative adversarial network framework. Furthermore, we devise an interaction model between the positions in the paths and the intentions hidden in the positions and design a novel PGN architecture that reflects the interaction model for improving the accuracy and diversity of the generated paths. Finally, we introduce ETRIDriving, a dataset for autonomous driving, in which the recorded sensor data are labeled with discrete high‐level driving actions, and demonstrate the state‐of‐the‐art performance of the proposed model on ETRIDriving in terms of accuracy and diversity.