Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Body Mass Index on Recurrence Rates Following Laparoscopic Paraesophageal Hernia Repair

Introduction: Laparoscopic paraesophageal hernia repair (LPEHR) has a reported recurrence rate of nearly 50%. While the etiology of these recurrences is multifactorial, obesity likely plays a role. The aim of this study is to determine the impact of Body Mass Index (BMI) on hiatal hernia recurrence following LPEHR. Methods: Retrospective review of a prospectively collected foregut surgical database identified patients who underwent a primary standard elective LPEHR between 2006 and 2012 and objective follow up >12 months after surgery. Hernia recurrence was defined as >2 cm axial displacement of fundoplication/stomach above the diaphragm on barium swallow/endoscopy. Data was analyzed based on BMI. Results: Of 236/350 (67%) who had long term-objective follow-up (mean 34 months), the overall recurrence rate was 24%. Recurrence rates were lower for patients with normal BMI (10.8% vs 26.1%, P < .05). Recurrence rates were similar across elevated BMI groups (overweight = 31%, class I = 24%, class II = 24%, class III = 18%, P = NS). The odds of recurrence was 2.92 (95% CI: 0.99-8.64) greater for patients with BMI > 25 than for normal weight individuals. There was no difference in recurrence rates based BMI 35. Conclusions: Patients with a normal BMI experience significantly lower recurrence rates following laparoscopic paraesophageal hernia repair. The increased risk appears to be similar across BMI categories, including individuals who do not meet criteria for formal weight loss surgery. Therefore, a BMI greater than 35 alone is not a reliable demarcation of recurrence risk. Efforts to achieve normal weight pre-operatively are recommended to minimize recurrences.
Qualificação do desempenho de empresas em relatórios de auditoria ambiental compulsória no estado do Rio de Janeiro

A busca pelo desenvolvimento sustentável vem transformando as políticas ambientais em todo o mundo, inclusive no Brasil, onde são encontradas as auditorias ambientais compulsórias com intuito de auxiliar o órgão ambiental no diagnóstico do atendimento a condicionantes legais e da licença ambiental de empresas. Apesar de existirem diferentes metodologias para avaliação do desempenho ambiental de empresas, nenhuma delas garante real qualidade ambiental nas operações, colocando em questão a validade das avaliações, quer sejam por carência de análises quantitativas e qualitativas ou até mesmo pela falta de padronização das metodologias de avaliação dessas diretivas. Assim, o presente trabalho analisou quatro relatórios de auditoria ambiental elaborados conforme a Diretriz INEA 056, Revisão 3, para identificar elementos relevantes para o processo de avaliação de desempenho ambiental de empresas do setor marítimo. Foram encontradas boas práticas desenvolvidas pela ANTAQ para qualificar a interação entre unidades marítimas e meio ambiente, com potencial para aprimorar o processo de avaliação de desempenho ambiental proposto pela Diretriz 056. Concluímos, então, que os relatórios analisados não discutiram profundamente o desempenho ambiental das empresas e, portanto, indicamos o IDA- ANTAQ como base para as avaliações de desempenho relacionadas à Diretriz 056. Palavras-chave: Diretriz INEA DZ 056; Norma ABNT ISO 14001:2015; Índice de Desempenho Ambiental ANTAQ.
Development of a Novel Improved Differential Approximation (NIDA) for Analysis of Combined Conduction-Radiation Heat Transfer (CCR) in a Two-Dimensional Enclosure with Participating Medium: An Experimental Validation

This numerical investigation addresses the applicability and adaptability of the novel improved differential approximation (NIDA) for combined conduction-radiation heat transfer (CCR) in a two-dimensional enclosure with radiatively participating gray medium. The NIDA is developed by blending the spherical harmonic method with the ray emission model and the zonal method. The first-order spherical harmonics, i.e., P1 approximation results, are improved and validated with a similar type of analysis as in Kim's discrete ordinates method (DOM), the hybrid method, and other CCR models. The application and robustness of the NIDA model for a wide range of radiative properties of the medium has been examined, and results are presented for benchmarking the solution. Furthermore, the favorable agreement of numerically obtained isotherms with interferograms captured by a Mach-Zehnder interferometer demonstrates the realistic nature of the NIDA.
Physiological Aspects of Milk Somatic Cell Count in Small Ruminants—A Review

The aim of this review was to focus on the physiological aspects of milk somatic cell count (SCC) in small ruminants (SM). The SCC is an important component naturally present in milk and is generally used as an indicator of milk quality and udder health in milk producing ruminants. SCC contains the following cells: polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN), macrophages, lymphocytes, and many milk epithelial (MEC) cells, cell fragments, and cytoplasmic particles/vesicles. PMN (40–80%) represent the major cell type in milk in healthy uninfected goats, whereas the macrophages (45–88%) are the major cell type in sheep’s milk. However, dairy goats and sheep have an apocrine secretory system that produces cytoplasmic cellular particles/vesicles and large numbers of cell fragments, resulting in the physiological SCC limit being exceeded. It is obvious that the SCC level in milk of SM can be affected by various influencing factors, such as milk fraction, breed, stage of lactation, parity, type of birth, milking system, and others. An increase in the SCC above the physiological level not only indicates an udder or general health problem but reduces milk production, changes the milk composition, and hence affects milk processing. Moreover, the milking machine plays an important role in maintaining udder health in SM and stable SCC at physiological levels in the milk obtained. So far, there are no healthy or pathological physiological SCC levels defined in SM milk. Furthermore, a differential cell count (DCC) or even a high resolution DCC (HRDCC), which were recently developed for cattle milk, could also help in SM to gain deeper insight into the immunology of the mammary gland and find biomarkers to assess udder health. In conclusion, SCC is an indication of udder health or exposure of the udder to infectious agents or mechanical stress and should therefore always be considered a warning sign.
Time‐Resolved Measurement of Stimulated Polariton Relaxation

Polariton relaxation in a semiconductor microcavity in the strong coupling regime has been studied and the existence of a stimulated scattering induced by the population of the final polariton state has been investigated with time-resolved measurements. The polariton emission under non-resonant excitation is studied and it is shown that strong non-linear emission only occurs for excitation powers for which the strong coupling regime is saturated. In the case of resonant excitation at a particular angle, stimulated emission is observed at k = 0 in the strong coupling regime. The emission is fast and decays with the polariton lifetime, and the sample radiation pattern is drastically modified.
On the galactic and cosmic merger rate of double neutron stars

Previous calculations of the merging rate of double neutron star systems similar to the Hulse-Taylor binary pulsar B1913 + 16 have assumed lifetimes based on the sum of the radio pulsar spin-down age and the time-scale on which the binary system merges as a result of gravitational radiatioh losses. Here we demonstrate that this method underestimates the merging rate, and that a more reliable calculation can be made from the radio lifetimes of these systems which are shorter by a factor of about 3. Using the latest estimates for the number of double neutron star systems in the Galaxy, we find the rate of such mergers to be ",8 x 10-6 yel. Following earlier extrapolations made by Curran & Lorimer for all galaxies out to 100 Mpc, we find the lower limit to the event rate of neutron star mergers detectable by the advanced LIGO gravitational wave detector to be approximately 0.3 per year.
The VIRUS data reduction pipeline

The Hobby-Eberly Telescope Dark Energy Experiment (HETDEX) will measure baryonic acoustic oscillations, first discovered in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB), to constrain the nature of dark energy by performing a blind search for Ly-α emitting galaxies within a 200 deg2 field and a redshift bin of 1.8 < z < 3.7. This will be achieved by VIRUS, a wide field, low resolution, 145 IFU spectrograph. The data reduction pipeline will have to extract ≈ 35.000 spectra per exposure (≈5 million per night, i.e. 500 million in total), perform an astrometric, photometric, and wavelength calibration, and find and classify objects in the spectra fully automatically. We will describe our ideas how to achieve this goal.
The effect of confinement on dynamics and rheology of dilute deoxyribose nucleic acid solutions. II. Effective rheology and single chain dynamics

In this study we use the correct entropic spring force in the gap as discussed in Part I including hydrodynamic interactions with the wall to study the effect of confinement on deoxyribose nucleic acid rheology and chain dynamics. We present results for the chain density, the velocity, and the force density of the chains, which change rapidly over the length scale of the chain size. We associate this size and dynamics in these near wall layers to the configurational dispersion layer thickness δD found in polymer shear flow dynamics in the absence of the wall [Chopra and Larson (2002); Hur et al. (2000)]. Though such rapid variation in velocity and density profiles is localized near the wall, its effect on average mechanical properties is global and is felt even at large channel sizes beyond 20 Rg. We determine the effective viscosity of the dilute polymer solutions using self-consistent dynamics in these confined geometries and for large gap widths determine how the viscosity asymptotically approaches its.
Systematic Evidence Mapping to Assess the Sustainability of Bioplastics Derived from Food Waste: Do We Know Enough?

The production of bioplastics from food loss and waste (FLW), termed FLW-derived bioplastics, is considered an attractive alternative to first-generation bioplastics. To our knowledge, a clear understanding of the sustainability performance of FLW-derived bioplastics from environmental, economic, technical, and social aspects is still lacking. This systematic evidence mapping aims to fill this gap by undertaking a reality check on the life cycle sustainability performance of FLW-derived bioplastics from a multidimensional perspective underpinned by systems thinking approach to assess their potential to revolutionise the plastics economy. Results revealed that FLW-derived bioplastic production is highly complex and uncertain. The low technological readiness of FLW valorisation processes and the under-researched logistics of FLW management on a regional scale currently withhold advancement in this field. Nonetheless, progress is looming, and ensuring that FLW-derived bioplastics production enables the transition toward a sustainable bioeconomy is critical. Innovation in both the food and plastics value chains is urgently needed to address their challenges and mitigate pollution. Yet, any steps forward need to be holistically calculated to yield sustainability benefits and prevent unintended consequences.
The impact of digital economy development on local fiscal revenue efficiency

The vigorous development of the digital economy has brought new opportunities and challenges to the construction of local fiscal revenue efficiency. Based on the panel data from 2011 to 2020, this paper uses the fixed effect model, instrumental variable method and other empirical studies to investigate the impact of the development of the digital economy on the efficiency of local fiscal revenue. The research results show that the development of the digital economy has directly improved the efficiency of local fiscal revenue, and the regression results of instrumental variables are still significant. The mechanism analysis shows that the development of digital economy mainly promotes local fiscal revenue such as efficiency improvement by cultivating tax sources.
The Production of Anti-Idiotypic Antibodies to BALB/c Plasmacytoma Globulins in BALB/c Mice

Slater, Ward and Kunkel (1) were the first to draw attention to the individual antigenic characteristics of myeloma globulins. Later it was determined that these globulins have the immunochemical properties of idiotypic antibodies with specific antigenic groupings in the variable portion of the Fab fragment (2–4). Antibodies to these determinants have been developed by prolonged immunization of rabbits with myeloma globulins and absorption of these antibodies with large amounts of normal γ globulin (2, 3), thus removing antibodies to the non-idiotypic components of the molecules. Absorption would not be required if immunization could be accomplished in a recipient with the same allotype as the donor. The following report deals with the production of anti-idiotypic antibodies to BALB/c plasmacytoma globulins in normal BALB/c mice. The presence of such antibodies was demonstrated by hemagglutination, hemagglutination inhibition, and also in some instances by immunodiffusion. Materials and Methods.
Recovery of the time‐dependent zero‐order coefficient in a fourth‐order parabolic problem

The determination of an unknown time‐dependent zero‐order coefficient in a fourth‐order parabolic problem is investigated form the integral‐type observation in this paper. Under certain assumptions, the well‐posedness of the weak solution to the inverse problem is obtained. Furthermore, its global solvability can be proved by applying some transformations. For the numerical reconstruction of the unknown coefficient, three methods are established, including the transformations used above, the time‐discrete method with the cubic spline function method, and the optimization method. The convergence and error estimates for the time‐discrete method are derived rigorously. Furthermore, the corresponding predictor–corrector scheme is introduced to determine the unknown quantity numerically. For the optimization method, the minimizer of the objective functional is applied to approximate the unknown coefficient. The convergence rates of the optimization problem is proved under some suitable source condition. In addition, the Fréchet derivative of the objective functional is obtained and utilized to establish the conjugate gradient algorithm. The numerical example shows that all the three methods can be applied to numerically recover the unknown quantity efficiently.
Improvement of polycarbazole-based organic bulk-heterojunction solar cells using 1,8-diiodooctane

The use of 1,8-diiodooctane (DIO) as a solvent additive in poly[N-9′-heptadecanyl-2,7-carbazole-alt-5, 5-(4′,7′-di-2-thienyl-2′,1′,3′-benzothiadiazole)] (PCDTBT)-based bulk-heterojunction solar cells increased the power conversion efficiency (PCE) by 20.9%. This improvement was due to the increase in the fill factor and open-circuit voltage (Voc), which compensated for the decrease in the short-circuit current (Jsc). DIO had the opposite effect, increasing Jsc and decreasing Voc, in the devices using other low-band gap polymers. The best sample in this study showed a PCE of 6.27% and Voc of 939 mV, indicating that the fabricated device is an efficient solar cell with a high Voc close to 1 V.
The Roles of Vortex Rossby Waves in Hurricane Secondary Eyewall Formation

Abstract A high-resolution, full-physics model initiated with an idealized tropical cyclone–like vortex is used to simulate and investigate the secondary eyewall formation. The beta skirt axisymmetrization (BSA) hypothesis previously proposed is examined and the roles of axisymmetrizing vortex Rossby waves (VRWs) in the secondary eyewall formation are further investigated. During the formation period, convection outside the inner-core region is organized into an outer spiral rainband. The PV dipoles that are persistently generated by convective updrafts through tilting effect move along the rainband and inward toward inner-core region and are finally axisymmetrized in the preexisting beta skirt region. The formation of the secondary eyewall is preceded by a rapid intensification period, during which vortical hot towers, discrete VRWs, and sheared VRWs dominate the inner-core asymmetric structures. Sheared VRWs are repeatedly emanated from the outer edge of the eyewall and become more concentric when propa.
A Stratocumulus Model with an Internal Circulation

Abstract An updraft and downdraft circulation model based on a mass flux representation of convective fluxes is incorporated into a classic cloud-topped, mixed layer model. The convective mass flux is assumed to be proportional to the convective velocity scale. The closure is obtained by assuming that the turbulent kinetic energy consumption due to entrainment is a small portion of its production due to buoyancy. The model is used to study how cloud-top entrainment instability, partitioning or radiative cooling, and drizzle affect the boundary layer, and the stratocumulus circulation. The results obtained with the model indicate that the intensity of the internal circulation may be critical in regulating the structure of stratocumulus clouds so that the cloud-top entrainment instability as it is presently used is not sufficient to define the breakup of stratocumulus. The vertical distribution of radiative cooling in the mixed layer is found to decrease the amplitude of the diurnal cycle of the cloud thick.
A Survey of 6G Mobile Systems, Enabling Technologies, and Challenges

More releases of 5G operating in the millimeter wave (mmwave) range are now underway. In conjunction with the actual 5G updating process, researchers have already begun designing a new core for the 6G system. As expected, by 2030, the 6G mobile system will be employed internationally. 6G will operate at the THz gap, where Free Space Path Loss (FSPL) and atmospheric absorption loss become significant challenges. This means that new technologies need to be invented and tested to overcome these challenges and make the 6G system a reality. Among these technologies, 6G will be entirely Artificial Intelligence (AI) based. Several 6G applications are discussed in this paper, along with the general characteristics of the sub-Terahertz band and channel losses. An evaluation of the most significant 6G enabling technologies is also conducted in this paper, including AI technology, Cell-Free Massive Multiple-Input-Multi-Output (CF massive MIMO), THz band antenna technologies, Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA), energy harvesting scenarios, Free Space Optic (FSO) backhaul technology, and 6G security technologies. The non-technological challenges issue was also considered in this paper.
From Bench to Bedside and Back Again: Translating Circadian Science to Medicine

125 Clinicians, scientists, industry, occupational health and public health professionals, and patients are excited about the promising health and safety implications of circadian medicine. The award of the 2017 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine to three scientists (Hall, Rosbash, and Young) for their work in elucidating the mechanisms of circadian rhythmicity introduced many people to the field. Now we and others are frequently asked when the results of basic research will be available for diagnosis, monitoring, and/or treatment of individual patients. Overwhelming evidence indicates that the circadian clock is essential for health and its disruption causes pathologies (Figure 1). A triad of circadian medicine approaches was recently proposed (Kramer et al., 2022): (a) detecting the clock (e.g. new diagnostic tools), (b) targeting the clock (e.g. improving or resynchronizing disrupted rhythms), and (c) exploiting the clock (e.g. using time-of-day adapted treatment regimens). Examples of each of these approaches already in use include the dim light melatonin onset (DLMO) for detecting circadian phase, light treatment for circadian and other disorders, and time-of-day recommendations for statin-type medications. These and other encouraging past and recent successes in circadian medicine suggest that greater and more comprehensive translation of basic chronobiological findings into medical practice is possible. We therefore recognize a need to provide for the circadian rhythms research community an outline of the steps, processes and time frame required to translate basic science findings to evidence based clinical care and/or public health and safety recommendations (Figure 2): how does a discovery become an approved approach, and then a guideline, a clinical care recommendation, and finally a policy? Each step along the way is performed with specific questions, protocols, variables, and analyses within a specific population, and each step should consider whether the target is etiology, health/disease balance, and/or recovery (Roenneberg et al., 2022). Each step applies to diagnosis/monitoring tests, interventions (e.g. drug, device), and/or analysis methods [biochemical or algorithmic (e.g. to calculate circadian phase or the optimal timing and/ or dose of an intervention)]. Most of the following steps apply to interventions, but the underlying principles are the same. Before efficacy and effectiveness conclusions/clinical guidelines can be drawn, data from multiple experiments and studies will have to be compiled in a stepwise approach.
Analysis of high risk factors for chronic atrophic gastritis

Background: Screening for chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) is crucial for the prevention and early detection of gastric cancer. Endoscopy is the main method of CAG diagnosis, with high training requirements and limited accuracy, making it difficult to popularize. The study attempts to improve the positive rate and accuracy of CAG screening through non-invasive testing. Methods: A total of 2564 patients who underwent gastroscopy were included in this study. The results of gastroscopic evaluation, histological biopsy results (including H. pylori biopsy), urea breath test (UBT) results, serum pepsinogen, and testosterone were statistically analyzed. Results: We found significant differences in the diagnosis of CAG between endoscopy and histological biopsy. Pepsinogen II and pepsinogen I/II ratio were more useful for the diagnosis of CAG compared with pepsinogen I. The risk of CAG was increased when pepsinogen II exceeded 11.05 μg/L, and the pepsinogen I/II ratio was less than 3.75. CAG positivity was higher in patients with positive H. pylori infection on UBT screening. In addition, higher levels of testosterone, SHBG and HSD17B2, and lower level of GNRH1 were found in CAG mucosa. Patients with high serum testosterone had a higher risk of CAG. Conclusion: CAG screening should be combined with endoscopic evaluation, biopsy, and other non-invasive tests. Non-invasive tests include the combination of serum pepsinogen II protein and pepsinogen I/II ratio and high level of serum testosterone. UBT combined with serum pepsinogen testing may improve the positive rate of CAG and reduce gastric mucosal damage from multiple biopsies.
An improved shear wave transducer

A new type of shear wave transducer has been developed at Applied Research Laboratories, The University of Texas at Austin (ARL:UT), as part of a program to measure the acoustic parameters of marine sediments. The transducers consist of a ceramic bender element which can be immersed in the medium and has favorable characteristics for the study of the acoustic parameters of unconsolidated sediments.