Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cytotoxicity, Differentiation, and Biocompatibility of Root-End Filling: A Comprehensive Study

Assessing the biocompatibility of endodontic root-end filling materials through cell line responses is both essential and of utmost importance. This study aimed to the cytotoxicity of the type of cell death through apoptosis and autophagy, and odontoblast cell-like differentiation effects of MTA, zinc oxide–eugenol, and two experimental Portland cements modified with bismuth (Portland Bi) and barium (Portland Ba) on primary cell cultures. Material and methods: The cells corresponded to human periodontal ligament and gingival fibroblasts (HPLF, HGF), human pulp cells (HPC), and human squamous carcinoma cells from three different patients (HSC-2, -3, -4). The cements were inoculcated in different concentrations for cytotoxicity evaluation, DNA fragmentation in electrophoresis, apoptosis caspase activation, and autophagy antigen reaction, odontoblast-like cells were differentiated and tested for mineral deposition. The data were subject to a non-parametric test. Results: All cements caused a dose-dependent reduction in cell viability. Contact with zinc oxide–eugenol induced neither DNA fragmentation nor apoptotic caspase-3 activation and autophagy inhibitors (3-methyladenine, bafilomycin). Portland Bi accelerated significantly (p < 0.05) the differentiation of odontoblast-like cells. Within the limitation of this study, it was concluded that Portland cement with bismuth exhibits cytocompatibility and promotes odontoblast-like cell differentiation. This research contributes valuable insights into biocompatibility, suggesting its potential use in endodontic repair and biomimetic remineralization.
On the Double-Zero Bifurcation of Jerk Systems

In this paper, we construct approximate normal forms of the double-zero bifurcation for a two-parameter jerk system exhibiting a non-degenerate fold bifurcation. More precisely, using smooth invertible variable transformations and smooth invertible parameter changes, we obtain normal forms that are also jerk systems. In addition, we discuss some of their parametric portraits.
About the Joint Use of Algorithms for Finding the Optimal Skeleton of an Electrical Network

In this article describes and suggests the use of an improved the reverse-delete algorithm for finding the optimal skeleton of an electrical network. A comparative analysis is performed with existing algorithms for finding the minimal spanning tree in the graph, and also algorithms for finding the shortest distance in the graph. Algorithms are compared from the point of view of asymptotic complexity and the ability to solve the problem. Together with the improved reverse-delete algorithm, it's recommended to use methods of numerical optimization, for example, the algorithm of particle swarm optimization. The joint use of algorithms will significantly reduce time for solving the problem of finding the optimal skeleton of an electrical network and will reduce technological losses in the distribution networks.
An Inclusive Workplace Approach to Disability through Assistive Technologies: A Systematic Review and Thematic Analysis of the Literature

To explain the low employment rates of people with disabilities (PwDs), emerging debates have revealed an unexploited potential impact of assistive technology (AT) on human talent and the inclusion process. This article provides a systematic review to critically evaluate the current trends in the literature on AT. A systematic review was performed according to the inclusion criteria of the PRISMA-S guidelines, followed by a thematic analysis identifying the main themes by which the literature on the subject is organized. Finally, the Human Activity Assistive Technology (HAAT) model was used to deepen the contents taken into consideration in the scientific literature and to discuss the concept of workplace inclusion and its use. Forty-one studies fully met the eligibility criteria of the systematic review. The thematic analysis produced four clusters related to the impact and characteristics of AT in the workplace. Overall, the use of the HAAT model highlighted a lack of studies on the affective and socio-cultural dimensions that characterize the use of AT in the workplace. It is concluded that the deployment of AT can and should work on multiple levels to shape the workplace experiences of PwDs.
Vein graft preservation with an endothelial damage inhibitor in isolated coronary artery bypass surgery: an observational propensity score-matched analysis

Background Preservation solutions may be used intraoperatively during coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) to flush and preserve vein grafts. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of DuraGraft, an endothelial damage inhibitor (EDI) preservation solution on major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) after CABG. Methods We conducted an observational, prospective, longitudinal, single-center study that included patients who underwent isolated CABG. The cohort treated with an EDI was matched 1:1 with a control group treated with conventional vein preservation, and matching was adjusted for possible confounding factors through propensity score (PS) matching. Three years follow-up was conducted, and the occurrence of MACE [defined as all cause-death, acute coronary syndrome (ACS), and new unplanned revascularization] was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier method. Results The study included 180 patients, 90 in each group. There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics across study groups. The EDI group had a significantly better event-free survival at 3 years (89% vs. 78%, log-rank test P=0.035), with an incidence rate ratio of 0.41 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.16–0.96]. In the pre-specified subgroups analysis, the use of an EDI was associated with a significantly better event-free survival in diabetic patients (log-rank test P=0.041) and those with two or more saphenous vein grafts (log-rank test P=0.015). Conclusions The utilization of an EDI for vein flushing and storage after vein harvest in CABG procedures has been shown to significantly decrease the incidence of MACE at 3 years post-surgery. This protective effect is particularly notable in diabetic patients and in individuals who have multiple vein grafts.
Accuracy of Digital Colposcopy in Diagnosis of Cervical Pathology

Background: Digital colposcopy is a novel diagnostic approach that offers enhanced visualization and documentation of cervical abnormalities compared to traditional colposcopy. The conventional methods for diagnosing cervical pathology, including Pap smear (cytology) and classic histopathological examination of excised cervix have been the standard techniques for decades. This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness and accuracy of digital colposcopy as a comparable tool to the conventional pap smear (cytology) and the classic histopathological examination. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 77 sexually active women, aged 20 to 65 years, presenting with chronic leucorrhoea, post-coital bleeding/spotting, or intermenstrual bleeding/spotting. All participants underwent comprehensive assessments, including history taking, general and abdominal examinations and pelvic ultrasound. Pap smears were collected from the ectocervix and endocervix, while digital colposcopy utilizing equipment categorized colposcopic findings as "normal," "abnormal", or "miscellaneous". Digital colposcopy-directed biopsies were conducted for major findings or suspicious for invasion cases. Results : The digital colposcope demonstrated 76.9% sensitivity and a 72%specificity for detecting the condition according to histopathology. The PPV was 85.1%, and the NPV was 60%, resulting in an overall accuracy of 75.3%. On the other hand, the PAP smear exhibited higher performance with a sensitivity of 98.1% and a specificity of 84%. The PPV for the PAP smear was 92.7%, and the NPV was 95.5%, leading to an overall accuracy of 93.5%. Conclusion: Digital colposcopy holds promise as a valuable adjunct to conventional screening methods, such as the Pap smear, in diagnosing cervical pathology
Youth participation in cultural heritage management: a conceptual framework

ABSTRACT The management of cultural heritage is no longer exclusive to heritage professionals. The engagement of various stakeholders, particularly underrepresented groups in communities, is crucial to promote inclusiveness in heritage management practices. As future decision-makers, youth are vital to be engaged, yet their participation remains at a low level due to the underestimation of youth capacities and a lack of motivation among youth. Little research has been done to comprehensively conceptualise youth participation and frame it in the context of cultural heritage management. To fill this gap, an integrative literature review was conducted using academic and grey literature from participatory urban planning, design, governance, and heritage management fields. The results show that existing theories have made valuable insights into approaching youth participation by identifying the definition and roles of youth, levels of participation, and methods of engagement. However, they have so far failed to fully address the fluid nature of youth engagement and lack reflections from youth perspectives towards their initiatives to participatory practices. Drawing on the results, we propose a new conceptual framework consisting of four dimensions: purpose, positioning, perspectives, and power relations, which define youth participation theoretically and methodologically in cultural heritage management.
Assessing the impact of global changes on the surface water resources of southwestern Nigeria

Abstract Understanding the relative impact of land use, land cover (LULC) and climate change (CC) on basin runoff is necessary in assessing basin water stress, for which long-term observed rainfall time series and LULC spatial data are required. However, there are challenges with the availability of spatio-temporal data, particularly the limited range of available historical hydro-meteorological measurements. The study used long-term (1961–2007) rainfall data to drive the Pitman monthly rainfall–runoff model to assess changes to the water resources of three basins in Nigeria—Asa, Ogun and Owena. Three CGCMs—CSIRO Mark3.5, MIROC3.2-medres and UKMO-HadCM3—dynamically downscaled to a 60 km by 60 km grid using the Conformal-Cubic Atmospheric Model (C-CAM) are used to simulate impacts of future climate changes on water resources. These three models were found suitable for simulating rainfall–runoff based on the insignificant differences of the modelled mean with mean of observed rainfall and temperature for pre-2010 data compared to other downscaled C-CAM models (GFDL-CM2.0, GFDL-CM2.1 and ECHAM5/MPI-Ocean model). The model results show increases in the runoff coefficient with decreases in forest cover between 1981 and 2007, with average runoff coefficients of 5.3%, 12.0% and 6.4% for Asa, Ogun and Owena basins respectively. Based on annual reduction in rainfall trend projected by CSIRO, MIROC and UKMO, the future scenarios revealed a low runoff coefficient for the three basins—Asa (CSIRO 6.0%, MIROC 6.0% and UKMO 5.9%), Ogun (CSIRO14.6%, MIROC 14.6% and UKMO 14.4%) and Owena (CSIRO 8.5%, MIROC 8.7% and UKMO 8.9%). In all scenarios, Asa basin has a lower runoff coefficient when compared to Ogun and Owena basins, indicating that future water stress in Asa basin would be much greater. Editor Z.W. Kundzewicz; Guest editor D. Hughes
Combined use of field observations and SAR interferometry to study ice dynamics and mass balance in Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica

In the region of the Schirmacheroase (71 °S, 12°E) various geodetic and glaciological research activities have been carried out in the last decade. Several times three geodetic-glaciological traverses were undertaken to study ice velocity, accumulation and ablation, and ice surface height changes. Repeated ground surveys show a significant decrease in surface heights by about 15 cm/y for a large blue-ice area. This paper presents the first interferometrically derived ice velocity field of the inland ice close to the Schirmacheroase. The interferometric analysis of the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data is performed in combination with ground-based information. Since only ERS-1&2 tandem mission image couples are available for this region a digital elevation model (DEM) is used to remove the effect of topography. Ice velocities up to 100 m/y are proved interferometrically for this part of the inland ice.
A review of paleontological finite element models and their validity

Abstract Finite element analysis (FEA) is a powerful quantitative tool that models mechanical performance in virtual reconstructions of complex structures, such as animal skeletons. The unique potential of FEA to elucidate the function, performance, and ecological roles of extinct taxa is an alluring prospect to paleontologists, and the technique has gained significant attention over recent years. However, as with all modeling approaches, FE models are highly sensitive to the information that is used to construct them. Given the imperfect quality of the fossil record, paleontologists are unlikely to ever know precisely which numbers to feed into their models, and it is therefore imperative that we understand how variation in FEA inputs directly affects FEA results. This is achieved through sensitivity and validation studies, which assess how inputs influence outputs, and compare these outputs to experimental data obtained from extant species. Although these studies are restricted largely to primates at present, they highlight both the power and the limitations of FEA. Reassuringly, FE models seem capable of reliably reproducing patterns of stresses and strains even with limited input data, but the magnitudes of these outputs are often in error. Paleontologists are therefore cautioned not to over-interpret their results. Crucially, validations show that without knowledge of skeletal material properties, which are unknowable from fossilized tissues, absolute performance values such as breaking stresses cannot be accurately determined. The true power of paleontological FEA therefore lies in the ability to manipulate virtual representations of morphology, to make relative comparisons between models, and to quantitatively assess how evolutionary changes of shape result in functional adaptations.
Hydrology of a small wet catchment

The hydrology of a small wet forested region is studied. Catchment discharge, solar radiation, air temperature, humidity, precipitation, soil moisture, and the water elevation in a swamp were monitored for several months in 1973 and 1975. These data are used to investigate various aspects of the catchment's hydrology and in particular to study the catchment's evapotranspirational requirements. The actual evapotranspiration loss is calculated from a water budget approach. The Priestley-Taylor model is used to predict the medium to long-term evapotranspiration from the basin. The predictions based on the model are in very good agreement with the actual evapotranspirational demand. Evapotranspiration is found to play a significant role in the catchment's water balance.
A 4kW, 100V GaN on SiC HEMT Transistor for 1.3GHz Particle Accelerator Applications

A 100V GaN on SiC HEMT device is reported that produces 4kW at 1.3 GHz with 75% efficiency and 18dB gain under 10μs 4% duty cycle pulse conditions for a specific particle accelerator design. For standard particle accelerators operating in CW conditions at this frequency, derating is required. This is believed to be the highest power yet achieved from a discrete transistor at this frequency.
Work-Related and Occupational Liver Diseases

The liver is an organ responsible for the metabolism of drugs, many chemicals and various nutrients in the body. For this reason, it is inevitable that the liver will be affected by many factors that are exposed at work. Epidemiological data on occupational liver diseases are insufficient. It is always important to take an occupational anamnesis and evaluate the risks exposed while evaluating liver functions in periodic examinations at work, in hospital polyclinics.
CURReNT STaTUS aND CoNTRoL of RaBIeS IN PeRU

Rabies is an endemic disease of Peru, that appears in two cycles, one urban related with transmission by dog, and another wild caused mainly by vampires bats bite. Most of human cases of the last decades they have been by urban rabies, nevertheless the used measures of control (canine vaccine campaigns, vaccine production, identification of biting dog, opportune attention of the victim and surveillance and notification system) they have managed to reduce the incidence of canine rabies and therefore of the human cases. Currently the greater number of human cases notified are caused by Desmodus rotundus in Peru.
Eco-environmental Changes of Wetland Resources of Hakaluki haor in Bangladesh Using GIS Technology

Bangladesh is traversed by numerous rivers and it comprises most of the delta of three great rivers- the Ganges, the Brahmaputra and the Meghna. Specifically, the greater part of northeast region is taken up by the wetland basin and is characterized by the presence of numerous large, deeply flooded depressions, known as haors, between the rivers where Hakaluki haor is one of them. A study was conducted using the soil and landform information of 1985 and 2003 of Hakaluki haor wetland ecosystem. Areas of soil boundaries between 1985 and 2003 were estimated using polygon attribute tables (PAT) files which revealed that this wetland ecosystem has been decreasing at an alarming rate due to sedimentation from the surrounding hilly areas. These estimates were verified using the land type information because soil boundaries and land types are the inter-related issues. Besides, a soil profile study also revealed that a buried horizon formed beneath the plow layer which signifies the sedimentation. Thus, the wetland ecosystem degradation seriously affects the bio-resources of the study sites. A sustainable technology should be adopted to prevent the degradation of hilly lands and conservation and caring of soil resources in the basins.
Iris: Dynamic Privacy Preserving Search in Structured Peer-to-Peer Networks

In structured peer-to-peer networks like Chord, the users manage to retrieve the information they seek by asking other nodes from the network for the information they search. Revealing to other nodes the search target makes structured peer-to-peer networks unsuitable for applications that demand query privacy, i.e., hiding the query's target from the intermediate nodes that take part in the routing. This paper studies the query privacy of structured P2P networks, particularly the Chord protocol. We initially observe that already proposed privacy notions, such as $k$-anonymity, do not allow us to reason about the privacy guarantees of a query in Chord in the presence of a strong adversary. Thus, we introduce a new privacy notion that we call $(\alpha,\delta)$-privacy that allows us to evaluate the privacy guarantees even when considering the worst-case scenario regarding an attacker's background knowledge. We then design Iris, an algorithm that allows a requester to conceal the target of a query in Chord from the intermediate nodes that take part in the routing. Iris achieves that by having the requester query for other than the target addresses so as reaching each one of them allows the requester to get closer to the target address. We perform a security analysis of the proposed algorithm, based on the privacy notion we introduce. We also develop a prototype of the algorithm in Matlab and evaluate its performance. Our analysis proves Iris to be $(\alpha,\delta)$-private while introducing a modest performance overhead.
Geochronology of the Nebo Granite, Bushveld Complex

Available age determinations of the Nebo Granite of the Bushveld Complex from the published literature are reviewed and compared to new age determinations of zircon from this granite, using the Pb-evaporation technique. The new determinations indicate a crystallization age of 2054.4 ± 1.8 Ma for the Nebo Granite. This age closely corresponds to existing data for the granite as well as the basic layered rocks of the Bushveld Complex and thereby corroborates and refines previous interpretations of the age of the Nebo Granite. It also supports the interpretation that those existing dates lower than 2054 Ma reflect disturbance of the respective isotope systems used for the dating
EEDC: An Energy Efficient Data Communication Scheme Based on New Routing Approach in Wireless Sensor Networks for Future IoT Applications

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) and the Internet of Things (IoT) have emerged as transforming technologies, bringing the potential to revolutionize a wide range of industries such as environmental monitoring, agriculture, manufacturing, smart health, home automation, wildlife monitoring, and surveillance. Population expansion, changes in the climate, and resource constraints all offer problems to modern IoT applications. To solve these issues, the integration of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) and the Internet of Things (IoT) has come forth as a game-changing solution. For example, in agricultural environment, IoT-based WSN has been utilized to monitor yield conditions and automate agriculture precision through different sensors. These sensors are used in agriculture environments to boost productivity through intelligent agricultural decisions and to collect data on crop health, soil moisture, temperature monitoring, and irrigation. However, sensors have finite and non-rechargeable batteries, and memory capabilities, which might have a negative impact on network performance. When a network is distributed over a vast area, the performance of WSN-assisted IoT suffers. As a result, building a stable and energy-efficient routing infrastructure is quite challenging in order to extend network lifetime. To address energy-related issues in scalable WSN-IoT environments for future IoT applications, this research proposes EEDC: An Energy Efficient Data Communication scheme by utilizing “Region based Hierarchical Clustering for Efficient Routing (RHCER)”—a multi-tier clustering framework for energy-aware routing decisions. The sensors deployed for IoT application data collection acquire important data and select cluster heads based on a multi-criteria decision function. Further, to ensure efficient long-distance communication along with even load distribution across all network nodes, a subdivision technique was employed in each tier of the proposed framework. The proposed routing protocol aims to provide network load balancing and convert communicating over long distances into shortened multi-hop distance communications, hence enhancing network lifetime.The performance of EEDC is compared to that of some existing energy-efficient protocols for various parameters. The simulation results show that the suggested methodology reduces energy usage by almost 31% in sensor nodes and provides almost 38% improved packet drop ratio.