Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Organisations, technologies et marchs en cration : la gense des PME high tech

[fre] Cet article a pour objectif de mieux comprendre la dynamique de developpement des PME issues de la recherche. Il s'interesse aux PME creees ces dernieres annees par des chercheurs et souligne — a partir de resultats quantitatifs et qualitatifs — les conditions (l'integration d'un lead-user, le soutien des pouvoirs publics, la conservation des liens avec la recherche, la cooperation avec d'autres entreprises) qui sont necessaires a la reussite et a la croissance de ces entreprises. [eng] This article is a piece of work on the process by which scientific discoveries may be translated into commercially viable innovations. The author examines the case of the phenomenon of firms which have been founded in recent years by researchers in order to exploit their discoveries. The relationships between academic laboratories, firms, local national and international government bodies, clients and final users — demonstrated by the statistical survey and elaborated by the cases studies — are necessary to the success and growth of the enterprise.
New Product Development

The successful development, production and commercial launch of a stream of new and/or modified products has become one of the key factors in creating competitive advantage. Rapidly reducing development lead times and product life cycles, coupled with the shift from mass production to mass customisation are all increasing the pressure on product development activities and processes. This is leading companies to adopt a 'right first time' philosophy together with the constant review and improvement of their new product environment. New product development (NPD) performance needs to be constantly measured and action taken to improve current performance. Improvements to NPD activities and processes can be radical or incremental. They can be based on the review of past performance or the comparison of successful and less successful products. Benchmarking against the best practice in other companies can be used to advantage. Intuition also has its place. If you are interested in all or any of these improvement methodologies, this workbook is for you. The workbook provides information and a structured framework that allows a company to tailor NPD performance measurement and improvement methodologies to their particular circumstances. Part I introduces relevant 'theory' relating to NPD trends, strategy and performance evaluation and improvement. Part II covers the practical application of NPD strategy and performance evaluation/improvement using action based flow-charts ('animated' versions of the flow-charts are included on the CD-ROM). Part III covers the use of a structured NPD assessment tool and methodology presented in paper and CD-ROM formats. Relevant case studies and useful contacts and addresses are also included. It includes a questionnaire to enable companies to appraise their current perfomance and highlight areas to be improved.
Machine Learning confronted with the operational constraints of detection systems

Intrusion detection systems, traditionally based on signatures, have not escaped the recent appeal of machine learning techniques. While the results presented in academic research articles are often excellent, security experts still have many reservations about the use of Machine Learning in intrusion detection systems. They generally fear an inadequacy of these techniques to operational constraints, in particular because of a high level of expertise required, or a large number of false positives. In this article, we show that Machine Learning can be compatible with the operational constraints of detection systems. We explain how to build a detection model and present good practices to validate it before it goes into production. The methodology is illustrated by a case study on the detection of malicious PDF files and we offer a free tool, SecuML, to implement it.
Disability

Disability is a form of difference that is created when the social participation of someone with an impairment is ‘dis-abled’ by normative expectations and material conditions. This entry reviews some of the key contributions anthropologists have made to studying disability as a socially constructed category. Disability is at once central and marginal to the anthropological canon. Grounded in fine-grained, long-term ethnographic fieldwork, anthropological studies of disability have drawn attention to the relational nature of disability as a category that is variable despite its quality as a universal human experience. This entry starts by explaining the difference between ‘impairment’ and ‘disability’ before reviewing the trajectory of anthropological studies of disability – in mostly Western industrialised contexts – from a ‘medical’ to a ‘social’ framework of understanding. It then turns to consider some of the theoretical orientations this has produced and examines a more recent shift to studying the lived experience of disability beyond the Euro-American west. It concludes by reviewing some of the developments in studying disability in recent years, in which scholars focus on social organization, technology, and personal, embodied experiences.
Evaluation of Postoperative Chemotherapy Duration of Capecitabine-Alone Regimen for Surgery Treated Elderly Colon Cancer Patients : A Cohort Study

Background: Only 50-70% elderly colon cancer patients could complete a six-month postoperative chemotherapy. It is unknown whether a shorter duration of postoperative capecitabine-alone chemotherapy would not compromise the survival. We thus conducted this study to analyze the association between postoperative chemotherapy duration of capecitabine-alone regimen and cancer specific survival (CSS) in the surgery treated elderly colon cancer patients.Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study in surgery treated stage III and high-risk stage II colon cancer patients aged >= 70 from two medical centers. Cox proportional hazard regression models were utilized to calculate crude and adjusted hazard ratios (HRs). The non-linear relationship between postoperative chemotherapy duration and CSS was analyzed through the restricted cubic spline regression analysis, and the threshold effect was calculated by the two-piece-wise Cox proportional hazard model.Results: A total of 1,217 surgery treated colon cancer patients between August 1, 2013 and September 1, 2019 were reviewed and 257 stage III and high-risk stage II patients aged >= 70 were finally enrolled. Postoperative chemotherapy with capecitabine was delivered in 114 patients and 143 cases only received surgery. The capecitabine duration was generally associated with a 11% risk decrease in death (HR=0.89, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.82 - 0.96). Non-linearity exploration suggested a threshold effect of capecitabine duration on CSS in stage III disease. The HR for death was 0.79 (95% CI: 0.68 - 0.92) with duration <= 16 (week) while 1.34 (95% CI: 0.91 – 1.97) with duration > 16 (week). Conclusions: The postoperative capecitabine duration was significantly associated with CSS in elderly colon cancer. However, a threshold effect of capecitabine duration on survival may suggest a short-term chemotherapy could be an alternative for the conventional six-month regimen in the elderly stage III colon cancer.
AN NVME FPGA-BASED SMART SWITCH ARCHITECTURE WITH ONLINE RECONFIGURATION

Solid State Drives (SSDs) are replacing the traditional Hard Disk Drives (HDD) in data servers due to its very fast speeds. Furthermore, many researches have proposed improvements in different aspects of its functionality, mainly in hardware and firmware. This transition has released the previous SSDs bandwidth limitations. Cheaper and denser SSDs have facilitated their adoption to replace HDDs. With the introduction of the Non-Volatile Memory Express (NVMe), the performance enhancement revealed a new trend: the bottleneck is now at the main processor, and no longer at the storage. A PCIe switch is employed for any given computer system that uses more than one SSD at a time, but not without its limitations. NVMe commands contain essential information inside each field, which might be needed to define the destination SSD. In other words: a PCIe packet is not an NVMe command. This paper proposes an NVMe switch architecture to be applied in bridging and switching of SSD devices used in databases and web servers. With this approach, the flexible architecture is able to decide how the data is going to be stored based on specific NVMe command fields. The architecture main purpose is to provide a solution for decision criteria based on the contents of one or more NVMe fields. Therefore, an external device or even the host is able to reconfigure switching criteria at run-time. This fact increases control over SSDs. The proposed architecture is flexible and expandable in terms of functionality. Xilinx Vivado Simulator 2019 was used to design and validate the architecture in VHDL.
Transport properties and low-frequency noise in low-dimensional structures

Les proprietes electriques et physiques de structures a faible dimensionalite ont ete etudiees pour des applications dans des domaines divers comme l’electronique, les capteurs. La mesure du bruit bruit a basse frequence est un outil tres utile pour obtenir des informations relatives a la dynamique des porteurs, au piegeage des charges ou aux mecanismes de collision. Dans cette these, le transport electronique et le bruit basse frequence mesures dans des structures a faible dimensionnalite comme les dispositifs multi-grilles (FinFET, JLT…), les nanofils 3D en Si/SiGe, les nanotubes de carbone ou a base de graphene sont presentes. Pour les approches « top-down » et « bottom-up », l’impact du bruit est analyse en fonction de la dimensionalite, du type de conduction (volume vs surface), de la contrainte mecanique et de la presence de jonction metal-semiconducteur.
Methodology to Improve Aviation Security with Terrorist Using Aircraft as a Weapon

Abstract : The aviation industry is a large network of agglomerated systems that connects people and places. Since the 9/11 attacks, aviation security in the United States has undergone tremendous changes and improvements. Nonetheless, threat detection mechanisms remain imperfect as seen from hijacking attempts by passengers who have gone undetected via security. Alternate ways of thinking and looking at security was explored through a system perspective. The focus was on passenger security system with the intention of identifying potential areas of improvement for aviation security with terrorist using aircraft as a weapon. A supply chain approach was taken as the model to move and deliver people as goods through security checks to the aircrafts. Together with this approach, the concept of risks, uncertainties and the associated risk assessment of potentially defective goods were examined. A systems engineering process was used. Through systematic analysis scrutinizing interactions between airport objects and passengers (as objects), this thesis pin-points possible gaps, and thereby identify approaches or means to safeguard and counter these risks. Analysis included the exploration of the trade space between different entities within the system and the interactions between objects, functions, processes, and its associated results.
Tensegrity: Structural Systems for the Future

1. Introduction 2. History and definitions 2-1. Introduction 2-2. History 2-3. Definitions 2-4. Conclusion 3. Fundamental concepts 3-1. Introduction 3-2. Relational structure 3-3. Geometry and stability 3-4. Selfstress states and mechanisms 3-5. Conclusion 4. Typologies 4-1. Introduction 4-2. Typology criteria and codification 4-3. Elementary cells or spherical cells 4-4. Assemblies of cells 4-5. Conclusion 5. Models 5-1. Introduction 5-2. Problems to solve 5-3. Form finding 5-4. Selfstress and mechanisms 5-5. Selftress qualification 5-6. Designing tensegrity systems 5-7. Active control 5-8. Conclusion 6. Foldable tensegrities 6-1. Introduction 6-2. Folding principle 6-3. Foldable modules 6-4. Foldable assemblies 6-5. Folding design 6-6. Simulation of the folding process 6-7. Modelling the contact of two struts 6-8. Conclusion 7. Tensegrity: Latest And future developments 7-1. Introduction 7-2. New tensegrity grids 7-3. Other projects 7-4. Tensegrity as a structural principle 7-5. Conclusion 8. Bibliography 9. Appendices
Numerical Resolution of CO2 Transport Dynamics

In this thesis, the modelling of one-dimensional two-phase flows is studied, as well as the associated numerical methods. The background for this study is the need for numerical tools to simulate fast transients in pressurised carbon dioxide pipelines, amongst other things the crack arrest problem. This is a coupled mechanical and fluid-dynamical problem, where the pressurised gas causes a crack to propagate along the pipe, while being depressurised to the atmosphere. The crack stops when the pressure at the crack tip cannot drive it any longer.Two-phase flow models were derived from the fundamental local conservation laws for mass, momentum and total energy. Through averaging of these relations, a system of one-dimensional transport equations was obtained, that must be closed by physical models and assumptions. The underlying assumptions made in some of the classical models of the literature are made clear. The numerical methods to solve hyperbolic conservation laws, based on the Finite Volume Method, are subsequently presented.A partially-analytical Roe scheme for the N-phase drift-flux model has been derived. The wave structure of the model is presented. It is mostly analytical, except for some thermodynamical parameters. This makes the scheme very flexible with respect to the thermodynamical relations. An algorithm to resolve the thermodynamical state of a mixture of N phases following the stiffened gas equation of state is derived.A Roe scheme for the six-equation two-fluid model has been derived. This model needs to be regularised to be hyperbolic. A tool to verify the physical relevance of a regularisation term is provided.The instantaneous chemical relaxation is performed on a five-equation two-fluid model to derive a four-equation model, where the phases are in full mechanical, thermal and chemical equilibrium at all times.An application example of numerical methods to solve the crack arrest problem is presented. A method is developed to evaluate the flow through a crack, and compared in the single-phase case to an analytical method.
Design of a core router using the SoCBUS on-chip network

The evolving technology has over the past decade contributed to a bandwidth explosion on the Internet. This makes it interesting to look at the development of the workhorses of the Internet, the core routers. The main objective of this project is to develop a 16 port gigabit core router architecture using intellectual property (IP) blocks and a SoCBUS on-chip interconnection network. The router architecture will be evaluated by making simulations using the SoCBUS simulation environment. Some changes will be made to the current simulator to make the simulations of the core router more realistic. By studying the SoCBUS network load the bottlenecks of the architecture can be found. Changes to the router design and SoCBUS architecture will be made in order to boost the performance of the router. The router developed in this project can under normal traffic conditions handle a throughput of 16x10Gbit/s without dropping packets. This core router is good enough to compete with the top of the line single-chip core routers on the market today. The advantage of this architecture compared to others is that it is very flexible when it comes too adding new functionality. The general on-chip network also reduces the design time of this system.
An Automated Method of Predicting Clear-Air Turbulence

Abstract : Clear-air turbulence (CAT) prediction is vitally important to military aviation and the successful completion of Department of Defense (DoD) operations such as air to air refueling and new national defensive weapon systems such as directed energy platforms. The unique mission requirements of military aircraft often require strict avoidance of turbulent regions. Traditionally, weather forecasters have found it difficult to accurately predict CAT. In order to forecast regions where CAT might occur, forecasters must first determine the location of breaking waves caused by either Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities or topographically forced internal gravity waves (mountain waves) in the atmosphere. The United States Air Force (USAF) 15th Operational Weather Squadron (15th OWS) requested an updated method of predicting CAT and this request was ranked as one of the highest priority research needs by the HQ USAF Director of Weather, Deputy Chief of Staff for Air and Space Operations. A new method of forecasting turbulence was developed in this work and the operational model was delivered to the 15th OWS for immediate inclusion into their operations. This method combines output from the Knapp-Ellrod index and the Naval Research Laboratory s Mountain Wave Forecast Model (MWFM) onto a single chart. Displaying these tools together allows forecasters to view both causes of CAT simultaneously. Furthermore, a new visualization tool is developed that allows a forecaster to view several layers at the same time as well as a composite chart to greatly reduce the time required to produce turbulence charts by OWS forecasting centers worldwide. Tests of forecast accuracy, as determined by pilot reports (PIREPS), between charts currently produced by USAF OWSs and this new method were compared, with the new method producing far superior forecast results. This method revolutionizes
Design and performance analysis of switched beam series-fed patch antenna array for 60GHz WPAN Applications

This project gives a detailed study of the Design and Performance analysis of series fed patch antenna array for 60 GHz system applications. The patch array designed in this project will act as an active element and can be used as the feed antenna of the dielectric flat lens antenna which is highly directive at 60 GHz. CPW (Coplanar Waveguide) is used as the feeding technique of the antenna array because it has lower transmission loss, lower profile especially on high frequency band. The purpose of the array is to perform the beam scanning with the shift in the frequency over the complete range of V-Band i.e. 57 GHz to 64 GHz. The designs are simulated in HFSS which is a high frequency simulator for designing such antennas. Due to the low profile and small weight of these antennas, they are constructed in microstrip technology which allows easy integration with printed circuits. For the fabrication of antennas Laser machine LPKF and photolithographic process are used.
Defining a New Framework for a Regional Airport in an Unstable Business Environment: The Bologna Airport Experience

Bologna Airport is a regional airport that serves two roles: it is a point-to-point airport for domestic and international destinations served by low-cost airlines and it is a feeder airport for domestic and international hubs. The airport has been an engine for economic development in the region for almost 50 years. This paper discusses how Bologna Airport has recently undergone a radical change in its business strategy and value proposition. Two main driving forces are responsible for this change. First, new management was appointed in 2007, which brought with it a new strategic plan that redefined the airport's competitive positioning and strategic objectives. Second, an industry-wide paradigm shift that included increased competition between airports at both local and global levels, a bigger role for low-cost carriers, and difficulties for Italian flag and legacy carriers. After a thorough strategic analysis and a deep review of longstanding practices, the airport operating company published a new strategic plan for its business. The plan is based on three ‘pillars: a more balanced approach to traffic development with special attention to the low-cost segment; consolidation of traditional retail and parking; and real-estate activities. The goal is to leverage the core strengths of the airport's catchment area in order to achieve sustainable development for the company and its stakeholders. In the first 2 years of the strategic plan, productivity increased by 19%, and non-aviation revenues increased by 9%. In addition, the airport’s market share in the catchment area increased from 19 to 22%.
High-voltage insulation technology : textbook for electrical engineers

The insulation of components and devices in high-voltage technology is of vital importance and is often the decisive factor in design and construction. Knowledge of the physical processes which limit the electric strength of an arrangement is essential for economical manufacture and reliable performance. The development of high-voltage insulation technology since the beginning of this century has produced very different solutions for diverse insulations. Characteristic terminology is frequently used pertaining to specific devices, and this often obscures the clear view of the basic scientific principles. Manifold solutions, as a consequence of different properties of the working materials, also impede the understanding of common ground. This book is principally intended for students of electrical engineering who, towards the end of their course, aim to pursue the difficult path of applying their fundamentals to practice. Very often one has to be satisfied with a solution comprising rough approxi mations and simplifications, yet one must not lose sight of the basic prinCiples because knowledge of these and their proper application are prerequisites for further development in virgin technological territories. In full consciousness of this continuity Prof. Dr.-Ing. E . h. Hans Prinz, our mutual academic tutor at the Technische Hochschule Mtinchen, trained his students accordingly. We are honour-bound to gratefully acknowledge this in these pages.
Invasive aspergillosis

A 42-year-old female patient, who underwent commercial living unrelated kidney transplant of unknown donor status for end stage renal disease two weeks prior to presentation, was admitted for acute renal failure and rejection. Ultrasound of transplanted kidney showed hydronephrosis and absent blood flow. She underwent nephrectomy of the transplanted kidney with intraoperative findings of extensive necrosis of the kidney, subcutaneous tissue and muscle fascia. The donor renal artery was anastomosed to the internal iliac artery which was ligated and the donor renal vein was anastomosed to the external iliac vein. There was gross infection of the native iliac vessels. Kidney pathology showed hyphal elements and culture was positive for Aspergillus (Figure 1). Liposomal amphotericin and voriconazole were started. Unfortunately, she developed right lower extremity ischemia due to septic embolus from the iliac artery requirMohamed Alhosani1*; Woosup Michael Park2; Mohamad Mooty3; Bashir Sankari4; Samar Farha5 1Al Falah Street, Al Mariyah Island, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE 2Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE 3Infectious Disease Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE 4Surgical Subspecialties Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE 5Respiratory and Critical Care Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE