Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
‘I need a break’: the effect of choice of rest break duration on vigilance

Abstract Vigilance is the ability to sustain attention for an extended period of time and to respond to infrequently occurring critical signals. One of the most replicable findings within the vigilance literature is the performance decrement; the decline in performance as time on task increases. In an effort to attenuate the decrement, and decrease the workload and stress associated with vigilance, the present study investigated the role of choice of rest break duration on vigilance performance, perceived workload, and stress. Participants were assigned to one of three conditions: (1) choice condition, (2) no-choice condition (yoked-control), and (3) a no-break control condition. Participants completed a sensory vigilance task and common measures of workload and stress. A vigilance decrement was observed in all conditions. Participants in the choice condition exhibited more conservative responses and fewer false alarms than the no-choice condition. Across all conditions, task engagement and worry decreased, and distress increased. Practitioner Summary: This study shows the impact of rest breaks and autonomy on vigilance task performance. The findings suggest that resource theory is a plausible explanation for the vigilance decrement. Additionally, providing a choice in rest break length changes the operator’s criterion following the break. Abbreviations: TSA: transportation security administration; SART: sustained attention to response task; ERP: event-related potential; S-DT: self-determination theory; ISI: interstimulus interval; DSSQ: dundee stress state questionnaire; CFQ: cognitive failures questionnaire; BP: boredom proneness; NASA-TLX: NASA task load index; IMI: intrinsic motivation inventory
Analysis of the specificity of a COVID-19 antigen test in the Slovak mass testing program

Aims Mass antigen testing programs have been challenged because of an alleged insufficient specificity, leading to a large number of false positives. The objective of this study is to derive a lower bound of the specificity of the SD Biosensor Standard Q Ag-Test in large scale practical use. Methods Based on county data from the nationwide tests for SARS-CoV-2 in Slovakia between 31.10. –1.11. 2020 we calculate a lower confidence bound for the specificity. As positive test results were not systematically verified by PCR tests, we base the lower bound on a worst case assumption, assuming all positives to be false positives. Results 3,625,332 persons from 79 counties were tested. The lowest positivity rate was observed in the county of Rožňava where 100 out of 34307 (0.29%) tests were positive. This implies a test specificity of at least 99.6% (97.5% one-sided lower confidence bound, adjusted for multiplicity). Conclusion The obtained lower bound suggests a higher specificity compared to earlier studies in spite of the underlying worst case assumption and the application in a mass testing setting. The actual specificity is expected to exceed 99.6% if the prevalence in the respective regions was non-negligible at the time of testing. To our knowledge, this estimate constitutes the first bound obtained from large scale practical use of an antigen test.
Work From Home (WFH) During COVID-19: Is Virtual Reality (VR) a New Solution to New Problems?

WORK FROM HOME DURING COVID-19: PSYCHOSOCIAL BOUNDARIES LOST X iao et al 1 very clearly reported in this journal what is currently happening in the home of those who are using work from home (WFH) due to COVID-19. Indeed, the pandemic, which has plagued the world for a year now, has forced many organizations and workers to shift to remote work solutions—most of the time, WFH—in order to contain the spread of the virus through social contacts, which used to normally occur at workplaces. This has meant significant changes. Dozens of workers have abruptly stopped going to the office to perform their job activities, which has not only required important organizational efforts from the part of the employers, but it has also raised the need for adjustments both at the personal and family level. As a result, several people nowadays find themselves being engaged in work or study activities which they carry out together with other people (eg, partners, children, parents, housemates, and so on) carrying out different activities but in the very same house and at the very same time. This has been effectively shown by Xiao et al to have noteworthy repercussions on both physical and mental health of homeworkers. The authors have not only described what the situation may be in physical places where homeworkers may be carrying out their daily work activities, but they also have identified factors explaining the understudied phenomenon. What mostly results from such an analysis is that houses of COVID-19 homeworkers are crowded, which leads to frequent interruptions and distractions, which in turn leads to decreased physical and mental
Methods for dealing with unequal cluster sizes in cluster randomized trials: A scoping review

In a cluster-randomized trial (CRT), the number of participants enrolled often varies across clusters. This variation should be considered during both trial design and data analysis to ensure statistical performance goals are achieved. Most methodological literature on the CRT design has assumed equal cluster sizes. This scoping review focuses on methodology for unequal cluster size CRTs. EMBASE, Medline, Google Scholar, MathSciNet and Web of Science databases were searched to identify English-language articles reporting on methodology for unequal cluster size CRTs published until March 2021. We extracted data on the focus of the paper (power calculation, Type I error etc.), the type of CRT, the type and the range of parameter values investigated (number of clusters, mean cluster size, cluster size coefficient of variation, intra-cluster correlation coefficient, etc.), and the main conclusions. Seventy-nine of 5032 identified papers met the inclusion criteria. Papers primarily focused on the parallel-arm CRT (p-CRT, n = 60, 76%) and the stepped-wedge CRT (n = 14, 18%). Roughly 75% of the papers addressed trial design issues (sample size/power calculation) while 25% focused on analysis considerations (Type I error, bias, etc.). The ranges of parameter values explored varied substantially across different studies. Methods for accounting for unequal cluster sizes in the p-CRT have been investigated extensively for Gaussian and binary outcomes. Synthesizing the findings of these works is difficult as the magnitude of impact of the unequal cluster sizes varies substantially across the combinations and ranges of input parameters. Limited investigations have been done for other combinations of a CRT design by outcome type, particularly methodology involving binary outcomes—the most commonly used type of primary outcome in trials. The paucity of methodological papers outside of the p-CRT with Gaussian or binary outcomes highlights the need for further methodological development to fill the gaps.
Recent progress in plasmonic nanoparticle‐based biomarker detection and cytometry for the study of central nervous system disorders

Neurological disorders affect hundreds of millions of people around the world, are often life‐threatening, untreatable, and can result in debilitating symptoms. The high prevalence of these disorders, which feature biochemical or structural abnormalities in neuronal systems, has spurned innovations in both rapid and early detection to assist in the selection of appropriate treatment strategies to improve the patients' quality of life. Plasmonic nanoparticles (PNPs), a versatile and promising class of nanomaterials, are widely utilized in numerous imaging techniques, drug delivery systems, and biomarker detection methods. Recently, PNP‐based nanoprobes have attracted considerable attention for the early diagnosis of neurological disorders. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), with high local surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) signals, have been particularly well exploited as probes for dynamic biomarker detection, with quantification sensitivity demonstrated down to the single‐molecule level. In this review, we will discuss the possibilities of PNPs in the methodological development for rapid neurological disease identification. In addition, we will also describe a new digital cytometry method that combines dark‐field imaging and machine learning for precise biomarker enumeration on single cells. The aim of this review is to attract researchers working on the future development of new plasmonic nanoprobe‐based strategies for the diagnosis of neurological disorders.
Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma: A Comprehensive Historical Review With Proposed Evidence-based Guidelines Regarding a Diagnosis in Need of Further Clarification

Among all sarcoma types, liposarcoma is the most common sarcoma that develops “dedifferentiation. ” Since its initial description by Dr Harry Evans, the spectrum of what is now acceptably included under the rubric of “dedifferentiated liposarcoma” (DL) has expanded, sometimes supported by cytogenetic and molecular advances. Similarly, the range of morphologic appearances considered to represent the precursor of DL, atypical lipomatous tumor (ALT)/well-differentiated liposarcoma, also has broadened, not uncommonly creating variants with significant, almost indistinguishable, morphologic overlap with occasional forms of DL, especially problematic in small biopsy specimens. More specifically, the precise criteria separating cellular forms of ALT from what some consider “low-grade” variants of DL remains controversial and inconsistently applied, even among individual pathologists within institutions. For this separation, the only objective and reproducible criteria historically shown to accurately predict a statistically significant difference in prognosis and survival is mitotic rate, alone or incorporated into a histologic grade [eg, Fédération Nationale des Centres de Lutte Contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)], consistently identifying a higher grade neoplasm capable of metastases. While DL may have a better prognosis than other nonmyoid adult pleomorphic soft tissue sarcomas, definitive conclusions are difficult to establish due to nonuniform criteria for staging and establishing tumor size/volume of the high-grade component, compounded by variable definitions and thresholds for rendering the diagnosis of DL. If appropriate therapeutic approaches are to be applied to DL, there needs to uniform agreement regarding the histologic definition, grading, and staging of DL. Herein, is a comprehensive historical perspective on DL and ALT/well-differentiated liposarcoma, seeking to provide insights, updates, and a proposal for uniform, evidence-based guidelines.
Feature-Based Point Cloud-Based Assessment of Heritage Structures for Nondestructive and Noncontact Surface Damage Detection

Assessment and evaluation of damage in cultural heritage structures are conducted primarily using nondestructive and noncontact methods. One common deployment is laser scanners or ground-based lidar scanners that produce a point cloud containing information at the centimeter to the millimeter level. This type of data allows for detecting surface damage, defects, cracks, and other anomalies based only on geometric surface descriptors using a single dataset, which does not rely on a change detection approach. Moreover, geometric features are not influenced by color, which is essential for heritage structures because they are nonuniform in color due to anthropologic and environmental effects (e.g., painting or moisture). In this work, a damage detection method developed based on local geometric features is evaluated and expanded for crack detection within the example fresco walls of Sala degli Elementi in the Palazzo Vecchio. The workflow’s performance is then compared in a qualitative manner to that of manual crack mapping results identified using images.
Ab Initio Study of the Sodium Intercalation and Intermediate Phases in Na0.44MnO2 for Sodium-Ion Battery

The Na0.44MnO2 structure is a promising cathode material for sodium ion batteries due to a high capacity (∼130 mAh/g) and good cycle performance. In this work, we present the results of density functional theory (DFT) calculations on the structural and electrochemical properties of Na0.44MnO2, combined with experiments. Seven intermediate phases and the two-phase reactions among them were found, where the calculated voltage profile agreed well with experiments. We found that the S-shaped tunnel is not empty in the deintercalated Na0.22MnO2 structure but has a partial occupancy of sodium ions. The new sodium sites were found in a limited sodium composition range (x = 0.44–0.55) which is attributed to the electrostatic interactions between sodium ions and manganese atoms. The asymmetric lattice evolution in Na0.44MnO2 as a function of sodium insertion/deinsertion is shown to be due to the Jahn–Teller effects. On the basis of this interpretation, we suggest that the Cr substitution will reduce the volume cha.
DEVELOPMENT OF WEBSITE/APP FOR BUILDING CRM

: CRM(CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT) within the simplest kind could be a thanks to manage leads folks curious about your business and your existing customers. In the most effective manner doable, extract the best quantity of import, which, of course, suggests that cash. It refers to a company's system for analysing client interactions and following knowledge throughout the client life. Customer relationship management (CRM) aims to extend client retention and acquisition. Once you will effectively manage your leads in your customers, additional leads become happy paying customers, you determine a loyal client base that becomes your advocate, and your customers have an improved expertise together with your firm. You will need CRM software system whether or not you are a little business seeking for an area to store data and have it accessible across totally different devices or a bigger company attempting to manage consumer interactions and improve client satisfaction. Many companies try and tackle these issues with spreadsheets, emails, and different less refined ways before understanding that it's ne'er too early to begin exploitation technology, as a result of it makes things ton easier. By mercantilism your leads, contacts, and customers into your CRM system, you'll need much better knowledge organization. By programing automatic reminders and building a collection of email templates, you will be ready to improve communication and build it easier for your team to follow au fait proposals. You’ll be able to quickly share data by granting access to an equivalent resources to your team via selective knowledge sharing. merely construct net to guide forms and insert them into your website's contact pages to capture all leads. The data you collect are going to be mechanically sent to your CRM and appointed to the proper individual. In fact, in
Impact of Customers Relationship Marketing On Customers Satisfaction in Dashn Bank at Wolaita Sodo Town

The study is aimed to investigate the impact of customer relationship marketing on customer satisfaction of Dashen Bank at Wolaita Sodo Town and measured customer relationship market tactics and its impact on customer satisfaction. Survey method was used as the research method of the study. The sample for the study consists of 394 respondents selected based on convenience sampling procedure. The dimensions of the study were service quality, price perception, brand image and value offered. Study data were collected using self-administered questionnaire and the questionnaire consisted of 18 items categorized under four dimensions of the Likert scale model. Correlation and multiple regressions were used to investigate the relationship between dependent and independent variables. The correlation results indicate that there was a positive and significant association between all dimensions of customer relationship market tactics with customer satisfaction. The results of the regression test showed that all customer relationship market tactics except brand image have positive and significant impact on overall customer satisfaction. The research proves that service quality and price perception plays the most important role in customer satisfaction level followed by value offered. However, the regression results showed that there was insignificant relationship between brand image and customers satisfaction. Accordingly, study recommends that ensuring high customer relation tactics increases customer satisfaction.
DDEC6: A Method for Computing Even-Tempered Net Atomic Charges in Periodic and Nonperiodic Materials

Net atomic charges (NACs) are widely used in all chemical sciences to concisely summarize key information about the partitioning of electrons among atoms in materials. Although widely used, there is currently no atomic population analysis method suitable for being used as a default method in quantum chemistry programs. To address this challenge, we introduce a new atoms-in-materials method with the following nine properties: (1) exactly one electron distribution is assigned to each atom, (2) core electrons are assigned to the correct host atom, (3) NACs are formally independent of the basis set type because they are functionals of the total electron distribution, (4) the assigned atomic electron distributions give an efficiently converging polyatomic multipole expansion, (5) the assigned NACs usually follow Pauling scale electronegativity trends, (6) NACs for a particular element have good transferability among different conformations that are equivalently bonded, (7) the assigned NACs are chemically consistent with the assigned atomic spin moments, (8) the method has predictably rapid and robust convergence to a unique solution, and (9) the computational cost of charge partitioning scales linearly with increasing system size. Across a broad range of material types, the DDEC6 NACs reproduced electron transfer trends, core electron binding energy shift trends, and electrostatic potentials across multiple system conformations with excellent accuracy compared to other charge assignment methods. Due to non-nuclear attractors, Bader's quantum chemical topology could not assign NACs for some of these materials. The DDEC6 method alleviates the bifurcation or runaway charges problem exhibited by earlier DDEC variants and the Iterative Hirshfeld method. These characteristics make the DDEC6 method ideally suited for use as a default charge assignment method in quantum chemistry programs.
Analogous Effects of Nicotine and Muscarine on the Curare-Sensitive/ Atropine-Insensitive Discharges of Identified Lymnaea Neurons

The effects of acetylcholine (ACh), its orthodox agonists and antagonists were tested on identified neurons associated with respiratory behaviour in the intact brain of Lymnaea stagnalis (L.) using intracellular microelectrodes. Drugs were bath applied. With one exception, ACh caused depolarization and increased spike frequency in the cell types studied. In most cells nicotine and muscarine usually had similar effects, exciting some and inhibiting others. Further unorthodox results were also found in that succinylcholine (SCh) acted more like a nicotinic agonist rather than an antagonist, as did arecoline. The muscarinic antagonist, atropine, had little or no effect on any of the cells studied. Sensitivity to ACh, nicotine and muscarine differ for different cells, and comparison of the effects of ACh, nicotine and muscarine suggest that some of the cholinoceptors studied resemble either conjoint receptors or multiple cholinoceptors on the same cell.
Obesity and Body Image Discrepancy among School Adolescents in Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria

Obesity among adolescents is now of great public health concern because of the health problems it poses. Poor body image has been associated with obesity in the past and may have a major effect on future psychological social wellbeing of individual including adolescents. This study determined the prevalence of overweight and obesity among school adolescents in Ile-Ife and also determined Body Image Discrepancy (BID) among the respondents. The study employed a cross-sectional descriptive design. A multistage sampling technique was used to select 500 respondents from private and public schools in IleIfe. Quantitative data were collected using self-administered questionnaires. Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) of each respondent was calculated. Body Image Discrepancies (BID) of the respondents were assessed using the 7 silhouette figures provided in the questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16. Statistical significance was tested at 5% level. The results showed that 37.2% of the respondents were obese while 16.4% to be were overweight. Obesity was significantly higher among females, respondents in senior classes, respondents in the upper socioeconomic class and those attending private schools (p 0.05). The study concluded that obesity is a common health problem among in-school adolescents in Ile-Ife and there is a high prevalence of BID among the respondents.
Techno-economic analysis of hybrid power system (using HOMER)

The wind and solar energy are omnipresent, freely available, and environmental friendly. The wind energy systems may not be technically viable at all sites because of low wind speeds and being more unpredictable than solar energy. The combined utilization of these renewable energy sources are therefore becoming increasingly attractive and are being widely used as alternative of oil-produced energy. Economic aspects of these renewable energy technologies are sufficiently promising to include them for rising power generation capability in developing countries. A renewable hybrid energy system consists of two or more energy sources, a power conditioning equipment, a controller and an optional energy storage system. Research and development efforts in solar, wind, and other renewable energy technologies are required to continue for, improving their performance, establishing techniques for accurately predicting their output and reliably integrating them with other conventional generating sources. The aim of this paper is to review the current state of the design, operation and control requirement of the hybrid energy base power systems with conventional backup source i.e. diesel or grid. This Paper also highlights the future developments, which have the potential to increase the economic attractiveness of such systems and their acceptance by the user. Keywords—Solar energy; Wind energy; Hybrid renewable energy system
Circular dichroism in double-layer metallic crossed-gratings

We report on the fabrication of double-layer gold crossed-gratings consisting of a convoluted top gold grating superposed on a bottom gold grating by using an e-beam direct write technique together with a lift-off process. The crossed-gratings exhibit, in the visible range, strong circular dichroism which is dependent upon the incident direction due to the convoluted top gold grating and also the substrate. Resonance dips in the transmittance of circularly polarized light are also observed. The experimental results are explained qualitatively by simulations using a finite-integration technique. The simulations confirm that the dips in the transmittance are electromagnetic resonances corresponding to parallel and anti-parallel current flows in the crossed-gratings.