Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Aspectos nutricionales y metabolismo de Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni). Una revisión Nutritional aspects and metabolism of Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni). A review

Estevia es una planta selvatica subtropical del alto Parana, nativa del Noroeste de la provincia de Misiones en el Paraguay. Posee un potente edulcorante que llega a ser hasta 300 veces mas dulce que la sacarosa y no contiene calorias. Las moleculas responsables de esta caracteristica son glucosidos de diterpeno que se encuentran en las hojas y, cuando menos en los estadios iniciales, son sintetizados a partir del mevalonato, a traves de la misma ruta del acido giberelico. Los estudios que abordan el tema de la nutricion mineral en estevia en el mundo son escasos y se circunscriben en gran parte, a las investigaciones adelantadas en el Brasil por Malavolta y sus colaboradores en 1997. En Colombia, los estudios cientificos sobre el tema se limitan a algunos resultados encontrados por la Universidad de Cordoba y Corpoica en trabajos desarrollados con nitrogeno, fosforo y potasio. Por tal motivo, el presente trabajo revisa la ruta de sintesis de los principales edulcorantes producidos por la planta, discute el importante papel que en ella juegan algunos minerales, y realiza un analisis de los aspectos nutricionales mas importantes de esta planta, con base en los estudios realizados en Brasil y Colombia. Stevia is a subtropical wild plant of the upper Parana river, native of the northwest of the province of Missions in Paraguay. The plant contains a potent sweetener that is 300 times stronger than sucrose and supplies no calories. The molecules that determine this feature are diterpene glycosides, which are present in the leaves and, at least during the first stages, are synthesized from mevalonate, following the same path as gibberellic acid. Studies on mineral nutrition in stevia are scarce. They are circumscribed indeed to those conducted in Brazil by Malavolta and collaborators. In Colombia, the scientific stud ies about the topic are limited to some works by Universidad de Cordoba and Corpoica dealing with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. In this framework, the current work reviews the synthesis path of the main edulcorants produced by this plant, discusses the important role played by certain minerals in this process, and based on studies conducted in Brazil and Colombia, analyzes the most important nutritional aspects of this species.
Study of the evolution of the floristic diversity in areas of pasturage in Titaguas and Tuéjar (Valencia, Spain)

In several zones of the Mediterranean area grazing is used to contribute to the control of the vegetation with an objective of prevention of fires. This study tries to evaluate the influence of grazing on the evolution of the floristic diversity in cleared bushes and submitted to this process. The effects of the grazing produced by goats were studied in an area that had been mechanically cleared. The study extended for a period of four years and included communities of bushes dominated by Quercus coccifera, Thymus vulgaris and Rosmarinus officinalis (Rhamno lycioidis-Quercion cocciferae). The floristic diversity was calculated by means of the indexes of Shannon in grazed zones and control zones (fenced, not grazed). The first samplings were carried out in the years 2006 and 2009. With regard to the evolution in the time, during the first year the specific diversity did not change significantly after the grazing, but after three years the registered specific diversity was higher in the grazed plots. The Shannon's index values obtained are similar for the relative frequency of species. Nevertheless there have been changes in the catalogue having slightly increased the number of taxa, some have not appeared and others have appeared.
Regulation of Macrophage Polarization in Allergy by Noncoding RNAs

Allergy is a type 2 immune reaction triggered by antigens known as allergens, including food and environmental substances such as peanuts, plant pollen, fungal spores, and the feces and debris of mites and insects. Macrophages are myeloid immune cells with phagocytic abilities that process exogenous and endogenous antigens. Upon activation, they can produce effector molecules such as cytokines as well as anti-inflammatory molecules. The dysregulation of macrophage function can lead to excessive type 1 inflammation as well as type 2 inflammation, which includes allergic reactions. Thus, it is important to better understand how macrophages are regulated in the pathogenesis of allergies. Emerging evidence highlights the role of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) in macrophage polarization, which in turn can modify the pathogenesis of various immune-mediated diseases, including allergies. This review summarizes the current knowledge regarding this topic and considers three classes of ncRNAs: microRNAs, long ncRNAs, and circular ncRNAs. Understanding the roles of these ncRNAs in macrophage polarization will provide new insights into the pathogenesis of allergies and identify potential novel therapeutic targets.
Water-soluble curcuminoids-rich extracts suppress bone resorption by inhibiting osteoclastogenesis in rankl-induced raw 264.7 macrophages

p65 protein, while the bone pit assay confirmed that bone degradation could be reduced by curcuminoids, while the cell fluorescence content could also be lowered. Conclusion: It was determined through the tests carried out in this research that the principal inhibitors of bone resorption and osteoclastogenesis were CRE-Ter, CRE-Bin, CRE-SD, CRE, and Cu. ABSTRACT
PHYSICIANS-IN-TRAINING ATTITUDES TOWARDS THE COMMUNITY PHARMACIST-PHYSICIAN COLLABORATION AND PHARMACEUTICAL CARE: A 2022 CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY IN POLAND

Material and methods . This cross-sectional survey was conducted among 509 doctors undergoing specialization training in the fourth quarter of 2022. The study questionnaire included 18 questions on community pharmacist-physician collaborative working and pharmaceutical care. Results. 94.1% respondents agreed that there is a need for the physician-pharmacist collaboration in pharmaceutical care. Among the respondents, 77.2% declared a lack of knowledge of the pharmacists’ responsibilities under Polish law, and 79.6% declared that the current education programs do not prepare physicians for cooperation with pharmacists and pharmaceutical care. Most of the physicians declared that pharmacists should provide patient education on the use of medical equipment (92.5%), detection of drug-dietary supplements interactions (85.9%), and detection of polypharmacy (85.7%). Lack of IT systems supporting collaborative working and pharmaceutical care (69.5%) was the most common barrier to collaboration with physicians. Conclusions. The study showed that current cooperation between physicians and community pharmacists is limited to formal issues. Building cooperation between physicians and pharmacists must start at the education stage. The implementation of pharmaceutical care should start with the cooperation of primary care physicians and community pharmacists from community pharmacies.
Phytoplankton of the Paraná River Basin

: We summarize the information on the phytoplankton of the Paraná River in the Argentine stretch, comparing the density, biomass, functional groups and diversity studies of the mainstem and ﬂ oodplain since the 70’s. We described the Yacyretá Reservoir and its impact downriver since it started operating in 1994. The spatio-temporal changes of the phytoplankton are associated to the hydrosedimentological regime. Regular variations in the hydrological phases and shorter permanent ﬂ uctuations are essential for phytoplankton maintenance, since they allow the lateral exchange with zones of higher algal accumulation in the main channel and with the ﬂ oodplain. During ordinary hydrological cycles, the mainstem shows a typical potamoplankton, dominated by Aulacoseira granulata and, alternatively, with sub-dominance of Chlorococcales, Cryptophyceae at the Middle and Lower Stretch, Cyanobacteria abound at Yacyretá Reservoir and downriver at the High and the beginning of the Middle Stretch. The disruption of Yacyretá Reservoir produces profound changes in the High Paraná phytoplankton evidenced in increased density and replacement of dominant species; Cryptophyceae replaced the Bacillariophyceae. Since 2001, water transparency increased and phosphorus concentration decreased, as well as the density and diversity of phytoplankton. Since 2004, an increase in Cyanobacteria was observed with bloom of Microcystis aeruginosa that extended 220 km downstream of the dam. Anomalous hydrological cycles, related to the ENSO phenomenon produced changes in phytoplankton density and structure. During El Niño, the system maintains a relative homogeneous phytoplankton assemblage, although mean density values are signiﬁ cantly lower than those registered in ordinary hydrological periods. La Niña provokes a more drastic change in the community, due to the disruption in the exchange with the alluvial valley. The river-ﬂ oodplain connectivity is essential for the maintenance of phytoplankton diversity
White light-emitting diode daubed via CaSc2O4:Ho3+/Yb3+ nanocrystal sheets enclosed using SiO2

Our investigation assesses the downshifting (DS), periodicity up-transmutation as well as internal light consistency from phosphor samples of CaSc2O4 incorporated with Ho3+/Yb3+ along with up-conversion from CaY2O4 incorporated with Ho3+/Yb3+. These samples are created via precursor antecedent compound technique. The generation for the crystalline samples having orthorhombic stage is validated by the X-ray powder diffraction. The dispersal reflectance spectra exhibit several lines within the zones of ultraviolet–visible–near infrared (UV-vis-NIR), resulting from the ions of Ho3+ as well as Yb3+. The optical band gap (Eg) results reach 5.69 and 5.58 eV, corresponding to CaSc2O4:Ho3+/Yb3+ and CaY2O4:Ho3+/Yb3+. The CaSc2O4:Ho3+/Yb3+ samples exhibit potent downshifting discharge in green hue when excited under 454 nm. CaSc2O4:Ho3+/Yb3+, as well as CaY2O4:Ho3+/Yb3+, exhibit potent discharges in green hue as well as near-infrared up-transmutation discharges in faint blue and red hues when excited under 980 nm. The spectrum hue clarity -Sgr – for CaSc2O4:Ho3+(1%)/Yb3+(5%) reaches 0.78. The disparity in pumping force yields internal light consistency for said sample with the green discharge, being nonexistent in the CaY2O4:Ho3+(1%)/Yb3+(5%) sample. As such, CaSc2O4:Ho3+/Yb3+ may prove useful when applied to up-transmutation apparatuses.
Operators challenges toward bandwidth management in DiffServ-aware traffic engineering networks

This article addresses the bandwidth management problem in differentiated-service-aware traffic engineering (DS-TE) in MPLS networks. In this context diverse bandwidth constraint (BC) models have been proposed to enforce bandwidth constraints for each class of traffic on the basis of the resource optimization objectives. This article is not aimed at designing new models but to describe the framework required to exploit the advantages of the selected BC model. In particular, we analyze the impact of setting the bandwidth constraints and aggregating the service flows into traffic classes on service performance and resource utilization. We believe that this issue is often underestimated, and the literature is missing an overall discussion and relevant solution that drives the network operator in setting up bandwidth management procedures. The presented strategy takes into account the performance indicators, quality profile, and forecast traffic to improve the fulfillment of quality of service targets and optimize network resource utilization.
Extracranial Meningioma En Plaque With Skull Invasion

The study reflects on a 69-year-old female patient with a history of cardio-respiratory disorders who was diagnosed with meningioma en plaque. Her clinical management entailed surgical resection of the tumor, which was followed by a complex postoperative course, including cardiorespiratory arrest and respiratory failure. Histologically, extracranial meningiomas are categorized into five subtypes based on predominant cellular morphology, with the meningothelial type being prevalent in this case. The report also examines the significance of complete tumor resection, noting a lower recurrence rate with gross total resection. Additionally, it discusses the increased susceptibility of extracranial meningiomas with advancing age and a higher incidence in females. Data from various studies underscore the importance of a surgical approach and extent of resection in predicting recurrence risk. The case report concludes by highlighting the critical aspects of the pathology of meningiomas and the surgical strategy that ensured the patient's recovery. The findings from this case contribute to the broader understanding of extracranial meningiomas, their diagnosis, and management.
GPTSee: Enhancing Moment Retrieval and Highlight Detection via Description-Based Similarity Features

Moment retrieval (MR) and highlight detection (HD) aim to identify relevant moments and highlights in video from corresponding natural language query. Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated proficiency in various computer vision tasks. However, existing methods for MR&HD have not yet been integrated with LLMs. In this letter, we propose a novel two-stage model that takes the output of LLMs as the input to the second-stage transformer encoder-decoder. First, MiniGPT-4 is employed to generate the detailed description of the video frame and rewrite the query statement, fed into the encoder as new features. Then, semantic similarity is computed between the generated description and the rewritten queries. Finally, continuous high-similarity video frames are converted into span anchors, serving as prior position information for the decoder. Experiments demonstrate that our approach achieves a state-of-the-art result, and by using only span anchors and similarity scores as outputs, positioning accuracy outperforms traditional methods, like Moment-DETR.
SVD Analysis of the Relationship Between Jiangnan Rainy Season Precipitation and Sea Surface Temperature in the Tropical Oceans

Analysis of the climatological features of Jiangnan rainy season precipitation anomalies shows that the month with the most frequent anomalies of precipitation in Jiangnan is June and the region is located in the middle of Jiangnan. The SVD analysis points out that the related sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) distributes in the pattern as a "seesaw". The key region is just located in the most evident correlation area. The key period of SSTA impact is from May to July in the previous year in which SSTA has the best negative correlation with April to May precipitation in Jiangnan. Under the influence of SSTA "seesaw" pattern the precipitation anomalies in the following April to June in East China exhibit opposite phase on both sides of the Yangtze River, the most evident correlative region is Jiangnan and the middle of which is located in the most obvious area of SSTA impacts.
Parameter optimization of titanium-coated stainless steel inserts for turning operation

This study discusses the three essential process parameters cutting speed, feed and depth of cut on the quality of the tool during turning operation. A high-strength stainless steel tool coated with tungsten carbide is used. The tool is further strengthened using cryogenic treatment by immersing it in liquid nitrogen for 24 h and 36 h respectively. The surface roughness of the simple coated tool and the processed tool is compared using optimization techniques like the Taguchi technique and ANOVA. The analysis revealed that the surface roughness of the simple coated tool insert was 0.5 μm, whereas the surface roughness of the tool inserts immersed in liquid nitrogen for 36 h was 12.5 μm. The processed tool insert became brittle which lead to an increase in surface roughness after the turning operation. Three different algorithms like Grass Hopper Optimization, Moth Flame Optimization, and Salp Swarm Optimization were used to observe the feasibility of the optimization techniques. The Moth Flame Optimization algorithm had good convergence and also delivered results that were correlating with the ANOVA. It is concluded that while keeping a high tool rotation speed of 984.46 rpm, a low feed of 91.4 mm/min and a depth of cut of 0.25 mm resulted in a low surface roughness of simple coated tool insert was 0.59 μm.
Research on Filtering of RADARSAT Images

Based on the analysis of the characteristics of speckle noise in SAR images and popular filtering methods used in SAR images, some filtering methods, including median filtering, average filtering, LEE and enhanced LEE filtering, FROST and enhanced FROST filtering, KUAN filtering, GAMMA filtering and soft threshold algorithm based on wavelet transform were applied to RADARSAT images. The flatness index, the edge remaining index and primary statistical parameters were used to compare the results of different methods. The result shows that the traditional average and median filtering methods are noneffective and low in precision for RADARSAT images, but the adaptive algorithms and the soft threshold algorithm based on wavelet transform are the most effective methods.
In-ovo feeding with creatine monohydrate: implications for chicken energy reserves and breast muscle development during the pre-post hatching period

The most dynamic period throughout the lifespan of broiler chickens is the pre-post-hatching period, entailing profound effects on their energy status, survival rate, body weight, and muscle growth. Given the significance of this pivotal period, we evaluated the effect of in-ovo feeding (IOF) with creatine monohydrate on late-term embryos’ and hatchlings’ energy reserves and post-hatch breast muscle development. The results demonstrate that IOF with creatine elevates the levels of high-energy-value molecules (creatine and glycogen) in the liver, breast muscle and yolk sac tissues 48 h post IOF, on embryonic day 19 (p < 0.03). Despite this evidence, using a novel automated image analysis tool on day 14 post-hatch, we found a significantly higher number of myofibers with lower diameter and area in the IOF creatine group compared to the control and IOF NaCl groups (p < 0.004). Gene expression analysis, at hatch, revealed that IOF creatine group had significantly higher expression levels of myogenin (MYOG) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), related to differentiation of myogenic cells (p < 0.01), and lower expression of myogenic differentiation protein 1 (MyoD), related to their proliferation (p < 0.04). These results imply a possible effect of IOF with creatine on breast muscle development through differential expression of genes involved in myogenic proliferation and differentiation. The findings provide valuable insights into the potential of pre-hatch enrichment with creatine in modulating post-hatch muscle growth and development.
Deep Learning untuk Klasifikasi Penyakit Retinopati Diabetik Menggunakan Arsitektur Alexnet dan Generative Adversarial Network

Retinopati diabetik merupakan salah satu komplikasi pada penyakit diabetes melitus yang menyerang bagian mata penderitanya. Untuk mengidentifikasi penyakit ini diperlukan tenaga ahli yang mumpuni serta waktu yang lama agar menghasilkan hasil diagnosis yang optimal. Dengan kemajuan teknologi terutama pada bidang deep learning, permasalahan citra seperti pengklasifikasian terus dilakukan pengembangan untuk mengatasi berbagai masalah. Pada penelitian berfokus pada klasifikasi retinopati diabetik dengan sumber data berasal dari situs kaggle.com. Namun ketidakseimbangan pada data yang dimiliki dapat berdampak pada proses klasifikasi. Sehingga penerapan arsitektur Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) dapat dilakukan untuk mengatasi hal tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan lima kelas, yakni tidak ada gejala retinopati diabetik, retinopati diabetik non proliferatif (dibagi menjadi ringan, sedangn, berat), serta retinopati diabetik prolifeartif. Proses klasifikasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan arsitektur AlexNet sehingga mampu menghasilkan tingkat akurasi sebesar 25.3 persen, sensitivitas sebesar 25.2 persen, precision sebesar 24.64 persen, serta F1-score sebesar 24.38 persen
PECo: A Point-Edge Collaborative Framework for Global-Aware Urban Building Contouring From Unstructured Point Clouds

The building contours, as one of the most important features for representing geometry, are widely used in various applications including urban modeling and reconstruction. Automatic extraction of high-fidelity compact contours from unstructured point clouds is rather challenging, and the existing methods are limited in generating global-aware and artifact-free building contours. Here, we approach contour extraction as a Bayesian inference problem. Two ideas are proposed to obtain building contour points and edges directly from unstructured point clouds. First, we construct a point-edge collaborative (PECo) Bayesian framework to couple the information of contour points and contour edges. The developed model fully takes local contour features, global edge structures, and global geometric priors into account. Second, given the Bayesian framework for building contouring, we leverage an expectation maximization (EM) algorithm to iteratively infer the contour edges in a maximum posteriori manner. The alternate EM iterations between point and edge domains progressively refine the local pointwise information to a global representation of contour edges. As a result, a synergistic effect between the point features and edge structures for global-aware building contouring is attained. Our approach outperforms the state-of-the-art methods in terms of geometric accuracy and structural compactness in modeling buildings with various complexities. Furthermore, the compactness of the contouring results can be more flexible and easily controlled.
Exploring the Connection between the Occurrence and Intensity of “Grubby” Defect and Volatile Composition of Olive Oil

In order to investigate the relationship between the occurrence of the “grubby” sensory defect caused by olive fruit fly (Bactrocera oleae (Rossi)) infestation and the resulting volatile composition, virgin olive oils were extracted from olives of the Leccino cultivar with 0%, 50%, and 100% olive fly infestations and subjected to analysis of the basic chemical quality parameters, fatty acids and volatiles, and sensory analysis by the Panel test. A 100% olive fly infestation reduced the basic chemical quality of the oil, while the fatty acid composition was not affected in any case. The overall sensory quality score and intensity of the positive sensory attributes decreased, while the intensity of the “grubby” defect increased proportionally to the degree of infestation. The occurrence and intensity of this defect were clearly causally related to the concentrations of 3-methylbutanal, 2-methylbutanal, β-ocimene, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, dimethyl sulfoxide, 4-methyl-5H-furan-2-one, α-farnesene, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, 1-octanol, E-2-nonen-1-ol, benzeneacetaldehyde, heptanal, and octanal, implying that the perception of “grubby“ comes from their joint contribution to the overall olive oil flavour. In addition to contributing to the understanding of the chemical origin of “grubby”, the results obtained could potentially be used to develop strategies to support sensory analysis in the classification of olive oil quality and the confirmation of the presence of this sensory defect in oil samples.