Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A dynamic mixed subgrid‐scale model and its application to turbulent recirculating flows

The dynamic subgrid‐scale eddy viscosity model of Germano et al. [Phys. Fluids A 3, 1760 (1991)] (DSM) is modified by employing the mixed model of Bardina et al. [Ph.D dissertation, Stanford University (1983)] as the base model. The new dynamic mixed model explicitly calculates the modified Leonard term and only models the cross term and the SGS Reynolds stress. It retains the favorable features of DSM and, at the same time, does not require that the principal axes of the stress tensor be aligned with those of the strain rate tensor. The model coefficient is computed using local flow variables. The new model is incorporated in a finite‐volume solution method and large‐eddy simulations of flows in a lid‐driven cavity at Reynolds numbers of 3200, 7500, and 10 000 show excellent agreement with the experimental data. Better agreement is achieved by using the new model compared to the DSM. The magnitude of the dynamically computed model coefficient of the new model is significantly smaller than that from DSM.
Influence of nanoparticles on melting and solidification during a Directed Energy Deposition process analysed by simulation

Additive Manufacturing is a strategic tool for industrial applications. When large size structural parts are targeted, high deposition rates are important and Directed Energy Deposition (DED) is a preferred technique. A metal wire is melted by laser light and deposit on a substrate or already solidified material. Due to the small size of the melting zone, a detailed experimental analysis of the process is very difficult and simulation is an important tool to understand the manufacturing process and the influence of process and material parameter. Here the influence of the nanocomposite reinforcement on the deposition process are investigated by simulation single line tracks. A three-phase melting and solidification simulation methodology has been used to investigate the melting and solidification during DED printing of single line tracks of different wire materials. The approach uses the finite-volume method and arbitrary polyhedral control volumes to solve the governing equations. Heating of the wire by laser light is tackled using a volumetric heat source describing the specific absorption of the laser power by the metal wire. The influence of melting and solidification on the initially uniform nanocomposite distribution during the printing process is simulated using a Lagrangian approach. Firstly, simulations for steel ST 52-3 (1.0570) were performed for different process parameter settings and compared to experimental results of deposition width, height and form to validate the simulation approach. The method is then applied to Ti6Al4V wires with and without nanocomposites added to the wire material. Adding nanocomposites changes the melting and solidification behaviour of the wire materials. The influence of these changes of the material properties on the deposition process under different process conditions is analysed by simulation.
Nutrition after severe burn injury

Purpose of review Severe burn injury causes significant metabolic changes and demands that make nutritional support particularly important. Feeding the severe burn patient is a real challenge in regard to the specific needs and the clinical constraints. This review aims to challenge the existing recommendations in the light of the few recently published data on nutritional support in burn patients. Recent findings Some key macro- and micro-nutrients have been recently studied in severe burn patients. Repletion, complementation or supplementation of omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin C, vitamin D, antioxidant micronutrients may be promising from a physiologic perspective, but evidence of benefits on hard outcomes is still weak due to the studies’ design. On the contrary, the anticipated positive effects of glutamine on the time to discharge, mortality and bacteremias have been disproved in the largest randomized controlled trial investigating glutamine supplementation in burns. An individualized approach in term of nutrients quantity and quality may proof highly valuable and needs to be validated in adequate trials. The combination of nutrition and physical exercises is another studied strategy that could improve muscle outcomes. Summary Due to the low number of clinical trials focused on severe burn injury, most often including limited number of patients, developing new evidence-based guidelines is challenging. More high-quality trials are needed to improve the existing recommendations in the very next future.
Bilateral cervical cancer in a complete septate uterus with a double cervix and vagina: a case report

Cervical cancer is one of the most common malignant tumours of female reproductive system. Concurrent chemoradiotherapy is the standard treatment for locally advanced cervical cancer and brachytherapy is an irreplaceable part of cervical cancer radiotherapy. However, bilateral cervical cancer in a complete septate is extremely rare. There is no standard consensus on the therapeutic management or follow-up owing to the rarity of this condition. This current case report presents an unusual case of a 25-year-old female patient with a double vagina and double uterus combined with a stage IIIC1r moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma in both cervices. This report introduces a treatment plan involving concurrent chemoradiotherapy for this rare and interesting case, focusing on a novel brachytherapy method, in which an intrauterine applicator, an applicator and an implantation needle were used. The tumours shrank significantly after chemotherapy and the novel brachytherapy.
Final analysis of a post‐marketing surveillance study of dabrafenib and trametinib combination therapy in Japanese patients with unresectable malignant melanoma with BRAF V600 mutation

Targeted therapy with a combination of dabrafenib and trametinib has been developed and widely used for treatment of melanoma. However, data regarding its safety and efficacy in Japanese patients with malignant melanoma are limited. A post‐marketing surveillance (PMS) study was conducted to investigate the safety and efficacy of combination therapy in a Japanese clinical setting with a surveillance period of June 2016 to March 2022; 326 patients with unresectable malignant melanoma with BRAF mutation were enrolled. The interim results were published in July 2020. Herein, we report the results of the final analysis based on the data collected until the completion of the PMS study. The safety analysis population included 326 patients, the majority of whom had stage IV disease (79.14%) and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0 or 1 (85.28%). All patients were treated with the approved dose of dabrafenib, while 99.08% were treated with the approved dose of trametinib. Adverse events (AEs) occurred in 282 patients (86.50%) and the major AEs (incidence ≥5%) were pyrexia (47.85%), malignant melanoma (33.44%), hepatic function abnormal (9.82%), rash and blood creatine phosphokinase increased (8.59% each), malaise (6.44%), nausea (5.52%), and diarrhea and rhabdomyolysis (5.21% each). The incidences rates of adverse drug reactions of safety specifications were 45.71% for pyrexia, 15.95% for hepatic impairment, 12.58% for rhabdomyolysis, 4.60% for cardiac disorders, and 3.07% for eye disorders. In the efficacy analysis population of 318 patients, the objective response rate was 58.18% (95% confidence interval [CI] 52.54%–63.66%). The progression‐free survival rates at 90, 180, and 360 days were 88.14% (95% CI 84.00%–91.26%), 69.53% (63.85%–74.50%), and 52.07% (45.71%–58.03%), respectively. Consistent with previous interim results, no new safety or efficacy concerns were observed in this final analysis of a PMS study conducted in a Japanese real‐world clinical setting.
Sex and gender differences in the treatment of arterial hypertension

ABSTRACT Introduction Arterial hypertension represents the leading modifiable risk factor for all-cause death and early development of cardiovascular disease in women. Current clinical guidelines for the treatment of hypertension noted that women respond to antihypertensive drugs similarly to men and, therefore, treatment recommendations remain the same for both sexes. However, clinical evidence suggests the existence of sex- and gender-related differences (SGRD) in the prevalence, pathophysiology, pharmacodynamics (efficacy and safety) and pharmacokinetics of antihypertensive drugs. Areas covered This review summarizes SGRD in the prevalence of hypertension, hypertension-mediated organ damage and blood pressure control, prescription patterns, and pharmacokinetics/ pharmacodynamics and doses of antihypertensive drugs. Expert opinion There is limited information on SGRD in antihypertensive drug efficacy because of the underrepresentation of women in randomized clinical trials and, more important, because few trials reported results stratified by sex or performed sex-specific analyses. However, there are SGRD in hypertension-mediated organ damage, drug pharmacokinetics and, particularly, in drug safety. Prospective trials specifically designed to better understand the basis for SGRD in the pathophysiology of hypertension and in the efficacy and safety of antihypertensive drugs are needed to achieve a more personalized treatment of hypertension and hypertension-mediated organ damage in women.
Higher‐order modular regulation of the human proteome

Operons are transcriptional modules that allow bacteria to adapt to environmental changes by coordinately expressing the relevant set of genes. In humans, biological pathways and their regulation are more complex. If and how human cells coordinate the expression of entire biological processes is unclear. Here, we capture 31 higher‐order co‐regulation modules, which we term progulons, by help of supervised machine‐learning on proteomics data. Progulons consist of dozens to hundreds of proteins that together mediate core cellular functions. They are not restricted to physical interactions or co‐localisation. Progulon abundance changes are primarily controlled at the level of protein synthesis and degradation. Implemented as a web app at www.proteomehd. net/progulonFinder, our approach enables the targeted search for progulons of specific cellular processes. We use it to identify a DNA replication progulon and reveal multiple new replication factors, validated by extensive phenotyping of siRNA‐induced knockdowns. Progulons provide a new entry point into the molecular understanding of biological processes.
Benefits of Cardiac Rehabilitation in Cardio-Renal Patients With Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction

This retrospective study evaluates the impact of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) on cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) assessed by cardiopulmonary exercise test before and after CR in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction according to the renal function. Cardiac rehabilitation improves CRF regardless of the stage of chronic kidney disease. Purpose: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is common in heart failure (HF). Chronic kidney disease often worsens the prognosis and impairs the management of patients with HF. Chronic kidney disease is frequently accompanied by sarcopenia, which limits the benefits of cardiac rehabilitation (CR). The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of CR on cardiorespiratory fitness in HF patients with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) according to the CKD stage. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study including 567 consecutive patients with HFrEF, who underwent a 4-wk CR program, and who were evaluated by cardiorespiratory exercise test before and after the program. Patients were stratified according to their estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). We performed multivariate analysis looking for factors associated with an improvement of 10% in peak oxygen uptake (V˙o2peak). Results: Thirty-eight percent of patients had eGFR <60 mL/min/1. 73m². With decreasing eGFR, we observed deterioration in V˙o2peak, first ventilatory threshold (VT1) and workload and an increase in brain natriuretic peptide levels at baseline. After CR, there was an improvement in V˙O2peak (15.3 vs 17.8 mL/kg/min, P < .001), VT1 (10.5 vs 12.4 mL/kg/min, P < .001), workload (77 vs 94 W, P < .001), and brain natriuretic peptide (688 vs 488 pg/mL, P < .001). These improvements were statistically significant for all stages of CKD. In a multivariate analysis predicting factors associated with V˙o2peak improvement, renal function did not interfere with results. Conclusions: Cardiac rehabilitation is beneficial in patients with HFrEF with CKD regardless of CKD stage. The presence of CKD should not prevent the prescription of CR in patients with HFrEF.
An efficiently working brain characterizes higher mental flow that elicits pleasure in Chinese calligraphic handwriting

Abstract The mental flow that commonly emerges during immersion in artistic activities is beneficial for maintaining mental health. However, there is not that much converging neurobiological evidence about how flow emerges and elicits pleasure in arts. Using an imitation task of Chinese calligraphic handwriting with self-rated subjective flow experience, we investigated the neural interactions supporting flow. Our results show that calligraphic handwriting requires cooperation between widespread multimodal regions that span the visual and sensorimotor areas along the dorsal stream, the top-down attentional control system, and the orbito-affective network. We demonstrate that higher flow is characterized by an efficiently working brain that manifests as less activation particularly in the brain regions within dorsal attention network and functional connectivity between visual and sensorimotor networks in calligraphy. Furthermore, we also propose that pleasure during calligraphy writing arises from efficient cortical activity in the emergence of flow, and the orbito-caudate circuit responsible for feelings of affection. These findings provide new insight into the neuropsychological representations of flow through art, and highlight the potential benefits of artistic activities to boost well-being and prosperity.
Community centers for older adults and psychosocial factors: Evidence from the German Ageing Survey

There is a dearth of studies examining the association between the use of community centers for older adults and psychosocial factors. Thus, our aim was to examine the association between the use of community centers for older adults and psychosocial factors (in terms of loneliness, perceived social isolation, and life satisfaction; also stratified by sex)—which is important for successful aging.
Person-centred care in the Dutch primary care setting: Refinement of middle-range theory by patients and professionals

In a previous rapid realist review (RRR) of international literature insight was provided into how, why, and under what circumstances person-centred care (PCC) in primary care works (or not) among others for people with low health literacy skills and for people with a diverse ethnic and socioeconomic background, by establishing a middle-range programme theory (PT), which describes the relationship between context items, mechanisms, and outcomes. Since the application of PCC in primary care in the Dutch setting is expected to differ from other countries, the objective of this study is to validate the items (face validity) resulting from the RRR for the Dutch setting by assessing consensus on the relevance of items. Four focus group discussions with patient representatives and patients with limited health literacy skills (n = 14), and primary care professionals (n = 11) were held partly combined with a Delphi-study. Items were added to refine the middle-range PT for the Dutch primary care setting. These items indicated that in order to optimally align care to the patient tailored supporting material that is developed together with the target group is important, next to providing tailored communication. Healthcare providers (HCPs) and patients need to have a shared vision and set up goals and action plans together. HCPs should stimulate patient’s self-efficacy, need to be aware of the patient’s (social) circumstances and work in a culturally sensitive way. Better integration between information and communications technology systems, flexible payment models, and patients access to documents, and recorded consultations should be in place. This may result in better alignment of care to the needs of patients, improved accessibility to care, improved patient’s self-efficacy, and improved health-related quality of life. On the long-term higher cost-effectiveness and a higher quality of healthcare can be realised. In conclusion, this study shows that for PCC to be effective in Dutch primary care, the PT based on international literature was refined by leaving out items and adding new items for which insufficient or sufficient consensus, respectively, was found.
Multigrid methods applied to an explosion at a plane density interface

The astrophysical problem of a supernova explosion at the edge of a dense molecular cloud or a diffuse stellar wind bubble is simplified to that of a point explosion at a plane density interface separating two uniform media with density ratio α. This approximation gives rise to a self-similar flow which can be found by transforming the hydrodynamic equations to the similarity plane and looking for the steady solution there
Myocardial steatosis impairs left ventricular diastolic–systolic coupling in healthy humans

Mounting evidence suggests that myocardial steatosis contributes to left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, but definitive evidence in humans is lacking due to confounding comorbidities. As such, we utilized a 48‐h food restriction model to acutely increase myocardial triglyceride (mTG) content – measured by 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy – in 27 young healthy volunteers (13 men/14 women). Forty‐eight hours of fasting caused a more than 3‐fold increase in mTG content (P < 0.001). Diastolic function – defined as early diastolic circumferential strain rate (CSRd) – was unchanged following the 48‐h fasting intervention, but systolic circumferential strain rate was elevated (P < 0.001), indicative of systolic–diastolic uncoupling. Indeed, in a separate control experiment in 10 individuals, administration of low‐dose dobutamine (2 μg/kg/min) caused a similar change in systolic circumferential strain rate as was found during 48 h of food restriction, along with a proportionate increase in CSRd, such that the two metrics remained coupled. Taken together, these data indicate that myocardial steatosis contributes to diastolic dysfunction by impairing diastolic–systolic coupling in healthy adults, and suggest that steatosis may contribute to the progression of heart disease.
Interleukin-33 Ameliorates Murine Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Is Associated with Induction of M2 Macrophage Polarisation and Regulatory T Cells

The innate cytokine IL-33 is increasingly recognised to possess biological effects on various immune cells. We have previously demonstrated elevated serum level of soluble ST2 in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus suggesting involvement of IL-33 and its receptor in the lupus pathogenesis. This study sought to examine the effect of exogenous IL-33 on disease activity of pre-disease lupus-prone mice and the underlying cellular mechanisms. Recombinant IL-33 was administered to MRL/lpr mice for 6 weeks, whereas control group received phosphate-buffered saline. IL-33-treated mice displayed less proteinuria, renal histological inflammatory changes, and had lower serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-6 and TNF-α. Renal tissue and splenic CD11b+ extracts showed features of M2 polarisation with elevated mRNA expression of Arg1, FIZZI, and reduced iNOS. These mice also had increased IL-13, ST2, Gata3, and Foxp3 mRNA expression in renal and splenic tissues. Kidneys of these mice displayed less CD11b+ infiltration, had downregulated MCP-1, and increased infiltration of Foxp3-expressing cells. Splenic CD4+ T cells showed increased ST2-expressing CD4+Foxp3+ population and reduced IFN-γ+ population. There were no differences in serum anti-dsDNA antibodies and renal C3 and IgG2a deposit in these mice. Exogenous IL-33 was found to ameliorate disease activity in lupus-prone mice with induction of M2 polarisation, Th2 response, and expansion of regulatory T cells. IL-33 likely orchestrated autoregulation of these cells through upregulation of ST2 expression.
The beavertail modified radial forearm free flap: Retrospective review of a versatile technique to increase flap bulk in the head and neck

Utilization of free tissue transfers in head and neck reconstruction has greatly increased due to their dependability and reliability. Anterolateral thigh (ALT) and rectus abdominus (RA) free flaps may provide too much soft tissue bulk, especially in patients with a large body habitus. A radial forearm free flap (RFFF) may be modified with a “beaver tail” (BT), which provides a flap whose bulk may be tailored to a defect. The purpose of this paper is to describe the technique, how it can be used for a variety of defects and the outcomes of these reconstructions.
Passive shielding effect on space profile of magnetic field emissions for wireless power transfer to vehicles

Magnetic fields emitted by wireless power transfer systems are of high importance with respect to human safety and health. Aluminum and ferrite are used in the system to reduce the fields and are termed as passive shielding. In this paper, the influence of these materials on the space profile has been investigated with the help of simulations on Comsol for the four possible geometries—no shielding, ferrite, aluminum, and full shielding. As the reflected impedance varies for the four geometries, the primary current is varied accordingly to maintain constant power transfer to the secondary side. Surrounding magnetic field plots in the vertical direction show that maxima's of the two coils for the no shielding geometry are centered at the respective coils and for the remaining three are displaced closer to each other. This closeness would lead to more effective addition of the two coil fields and an increase in the resultant field from space point of view. This closeness varies with distance in the horizonta.