Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Computational identification of genes: ab initio and comparative approaches

EnglishThe motivation of this thesis is to give a little insight in how genes are encoded and recognized by the cell machinery and to use this information to find genes in unannotated genomic sequences. One of the objectives is the development of tools to identify eukaryotic genes through the modeling and recognition of their intrinsic signals and properties. This thesis addresses another problem: how the sequence of related genomes can contribute to the identification of genes. The value of comparative genomics is illustrated by the sequencing of the mouse genome for the purpose of annotating the human genome. Comparative gene predictions programs exploit this data under the assumption that conserved regions between related species correspond to functional regions (coding genes among them). Thus, this thesis also describes a gene prediction program that combines ab initio gene prediction with comparative information between two genomes to improve the accuracy of the predictions. EnglishEl trabajo que aqui se presenta, estudia el reconocimiento de las senales que delimitan y definen los genes que codifican para proteinas, asi como su aplicabilidad en los programas de prediccion de genes. La tesis que aqui se presenta, tambien explora la utilitzacion de la genomica comparativa para mejorar la identificacion de genes en diferentes especies simultaniamente. Tambien se explica el desarrollo de dos programas de prediccion computacional de genes: geneid y sgp2. El programa geneid identifica los genes codificados en una secuencia anonima de DNA basandose en sus propiedades intrinsecas (principalmente las senales de splicing y el uso diferencial de codones). sgp2 permite utilitzar la comparacion entre dos genomas, que han de estar a una cierta distancia evolutiva optima, para mejorar la prediccion de genes, bajo la hipotesis que las regiones codificantes estan mas conservadas que las regiones que no codifican para proteinas.
The Impact of Natural Disasters on Human Development and Poverty at the Municipal Level in Mexico

This paper seeks to analyze the impact of natural hazards on human development and poverty at the municipal level in Mexico. We control for a set of geographical and natural location characteristics which make municipalities more prone to the occurrence of these events. We also employ a set of institutional, economic and demographic characteristics to control for baseline heterogeneity. Using an adjusted difference-in-difference regression with data for 2000 and 2005, results show a significant decrease of social indicators for general events, and especially for flood and droughts.
A role for whey-derived lactoferrin and immunoglobulins in the attenuation of obesity-related inflammation and disease

ABSTRACT Obesity is a strong predictive factor in the development of chronic disease and has now superseded undernutrition as a major public health issue. Chronic inflammation is one mechanism thought to link excess body weight with disease. Increasingly, the gut and its extensive population of commensal microflora are recognized as playing an important role in the development of obesity-related chronic inflammation. Obesity and a high fat diet are associated with altered commensal microbial communities and increased intestinal permeability which contributes to systemic inflammation as a result of the translocation of lipopolysaccharide into the circulation and metabolic endotoxemia. Various milk proteins are showing promise in the prevention and treatment of obesity and chronic low-grade inflammation via reductions in visceral fat, neutralization of bacteria at the mucosa and reduced intestinal permeability. In this review, we focus on evidence supporting the potential antiobesogenic and anti-inflammatory effects of bovine whey-derived lactoferrin and immunoglobulins.
Journal of Diabetes NEWS

Held every 5 years, the Global Diabetes Summit attracts key opinion leaders to Ohio State University (OSU) to discuss their international perspectives. The second summit, held 15–17 November 2012, opened with remarks from a distinguished panel of speakers including International Diabetes Federation (IDF) President Dr Jean Mbanya, American Diabetes Association (ADA) President Dr Vivian Fonseca, Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (JDRF) Assistant Vice President of Glucose Control Research Dr Aaron Kowalski, and OSU Medical Center CEO Dr Steven Gabbe. These speakers set a motivational tone for the meeting, but also emphasized the increasing need to address diabetes care across the globe. Dr Abhimanyu Garg (Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA) led a workshop on diabetes in Continental East Asians in which he discussed the reasons for the higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) among Asian Indians. Dr Garg presented data suggesting that currently known genetic factors do not explain why Asian Indians have a higher prevalence of T2D compared with Caucasians. He hypothesized that the higher prevalence could be due to a greater biologic predisposition for increased subcutaneous obesity and insulin resistance. During the Q&A session, Dr Garg remarked that although people often associate intraperitoneal fat with insulin resistance, subcutaneous fat and skin fold thickness have been demonstrated to correlate more strongly with insulin resistance. He cited a euglycemic hyperinsulinemic glucose clamp study that found that at the same level of truncal skin fold thickness, Asian Indians exhibited greater insulin resistance than Caucasians. In addition, Dr Garg noted that the more common occurrence of low birth weight and childhood malnutrition in India could be partly responsible for the increased prevalence of T2D. In the same workshop, Dr Garg presented data from the Indian Diabetes Prevention Program (IDPP)-1 and IDPP-2. In IDPP-1, approximately 500 participants (mean baseline HbA1c 6.1%–6.2% and body mass index [BMI] 26 kg/m) were randomized to standard health care advice (control group), lifestyle modification (LSM), metformin (500 mg/ day), or LSM plus metformin. After 3 years, approximately 55% of those in the control group progressed to diabetes compared with approximately 40% of participants on metformin, LSM, or metformin + LSM, suggesting that all three treatments provided statistically significant reductions in the relative risk for diabetes. The study found that combining LSM with metformin provided no additional benefit. In IDPP-2, 407 participants (mean baseline HbA1c 5.8% and BMI 26 kg/m) were randomized to pioglitazone (30 mg/day) or placebo, both with LSM. After 3 years, approximately 30% of participants in both groups progressed bs_bs_banner
Surface tractions on an ellipsoid in Stokes flow: Quadratic ambient fields

The surface tractions on an ellipsoid undergoing rigid body motion in an ambient Stokes flow field are known to be surprisingly simple—essentially of the same form as the boundary condition for the disturbance velocity multiplied by the dot product of the position vector at the ellipsoid surface and the outward surface normal at that point. The direct derivation of these remarkable classical results via the Newtonian constitutive equation is straightforward but requires many pages of algebra. More recently, a more satisfying explanation of this result was derived by proving that the Stokes flow double layer operator acting on the surface of an ellipsoid is self-adjoint for a particular weighted metric space (discussed in this work). In the present paper, this result, which the authors call the weighted ellipsoidal metric space theorem, is exploited to derive simple forms for the surface tractions on a force-free ellipsoid in a quadratic ambient field. After even more pages of algebra than encountered for the classical flows, the tractions reduce to a simple form: the weighting function times a quadratic in the position vector (without the guidance of the general theory, the initial expressions for the traction would have taken several columns or pages of this journal). The nature of the derivation along with the corresponding analysis of the eigensystem of the double layer operator suggests that for the general polynomial ambient field, the surface traction is a polynomial in the position vector of the same degree, multiplied by the weighting function.The surface tractions on an ellipsoid undergoing rigid body motion in an ambient Stokes flow field are known to be surprisingly simple—essentially of the same form as the boundary condition for the disturbance velocity multiplied by the dot product of the position vector at the ellipsoid surface and the outward surface normal at that point. The direct derivation of these remarkable classical results via the Newtonian constitutive equation is straightforward but requires many pages of algebra. More recently, a more satisfying explanation of this result was derived by proving that the Stokes flow double layer operator acting on the surface of an ellipsoid is self-adjoint for a particular weighted metric space (discussed in this work). In the present paper, this result, which the authors call the weighted ellipsoidal metric space theorem, is exploited to derive simple forms for the surface tractions on a force-free ellipsoid in a quadratic ambient field. After even more pages of algebra than encountered for .
Peningkatan hasil belajar passing atas pada permainan bola voli melalui variasi pembelajaran siswa SMP

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar passing atas bola voli pada siswa kelas VIII-1 SMP Negeri 1 Aek Songsongan Asahan Tahun Ajaran 2016/2017, melalui Variasi Pembelajaran. Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Penelitian dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus, dengan tiap siklus terdiri atas perencanaan, tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini berupa tes kepada para siswa yang berbentuk aplikasi teknik dasar passing atas bola voli. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan penilaian hasil belajar passing atasbola voli. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan secara deskriptif berdasarkan pada analisis kualitatif dengan prosentase. Adapun hasil yang diperoleh dari observasi yakni 7 siswa dinyatakan tuntas (21%) sedangkan 25 siswa lainnya dinyatakan tidak tuntas (79%). Pada siklus I diperoleh hasil dimana 25 siswa dinyatakan tuntas (78%) sedangkan 7 siswa lainnya dinyatakan tidak tuntas (22%). Dan pada siklus II diperoleh hasil dimana 29 siswa dinyatakan tuntas (90%) sedangkan 3 siswa lainnya dinyatakan tidak tuntas (10%). I mproving the learning results of high pass on volleyball through learning variance among junior high school students Abstract The study aims at identifying the learning results of high pass on volleyball among Grade VIII-1 students of Negeri 1 Aek Songsongan Junior High School Asahan Academic Year 2016/2017 by means of learning variance. The study itself is a Classroom Action Research. When the study was conducted there were two cycles and each cycle consisted of planning, action, observation and reflection. The data sources in the study were the tests to the students in the form of basic high pass technique application in volleyball. Then, the data in the study were gathered by means of assessment toward the learning results of high pass. In analysing the data, the descriptive qualitative technique was implemented with percentage. From the observation, 7 students (21.00%) passed the test while 25 students (79.00%) did not pass the test. Furthermore, in the first cycle 25 students (78.00%) passed the test while the remaining 7 students (22.00%) did not pass the test. In the second cycle, 29 students (90.00%) passed the test while the 3 remaining students (10.00%) did not pass the test.
Evaluación de la fertilidad de un andisol en Zipaquirá (Cundinamarca, Colombia) para el cultivo de romero (Rosmarinus officinalis) y orégano (Origanum vulgare)

We assessed the fertility of a Typical Hapludand soil representative of the Rio Frio area (Zipaquira, Cundinamarca), where small producers of fresh herbs for export are located. We determined the effect of the individual absence of macro-and micro-fertilization on growth, productivity and quality of rosemary and oregano. From the Hoagland y Arnon solution No. 2, were prepared 11 solutions lacking a particular element: N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, B, Cu, Zn and Mn.
Techniques et technologies de localisation avancées pour terminaux mobiles dans les environnements indoor

Autant le GPS tend a s'imposer pour la localisation a l'exterieur des bâtiments, autant la situation est beaucoup plus ouverte pour la localisation a l'interieur des bâtiments. De nombreux reseaux WiFi sont deployes dans les bâtiments. Ils diffusent des informations de puissance du signal permettant de remonter a la position d'un mobile. La technique du fingerprinting par puissance WiFi permet de localiser le mobile. Cependant, l'utilisation de cette technique de localisation requiere une base de donnees correspondant a la couverture radio WiFi dans l'environnement. L'utilisation d'une technique de localisation basee sur des mesures temporelles est moins contraignante que le fingerprinting. L'emission d'impulsions radio tres breves confere a la technologie 802.15. 4a un fort pouvoir separateur des multi-trajets. Le phenomene de multi-trajets est la principale contrainte au deploiement d'une technologie de localisation par mesures temporelles. La detection du premier trajet est tres importante. Des estimateurs comme le filtre de Kalman ou le filtre particulaire sont necessaires pour limiter les effets des multi-trajets, des bruits de mesure, etc. Ces filtres peuvent aussi integrer des informations de cartographie. Bien souvent, l'exploitation d'une seule technologie est insuffisante. La fusion d'informations de localisation est une etape supplementaire pour ameliorer la localisation. Des architectures de fusion robustes permettent de corriger les defauts de chacune des technologies pour conduire a un systeme plus robuste et plus precis en toutes circonstances. Ce travail presente une approche innovante pour la localisation WiFi avec l'exploitation de cartographie dans l'estimateur tout en gardant une faible complexite suivant la plate-forme de deploiement visee. L'exploration des capacites de la localisation par ULB est proposee dans un second temps, avant d'aborder une reflexion sur les methodes de fusion multi-capteurs.
Screening for Chronic Kidney Disease

Chronic kidney disease (CKD), defined as reduced excretory kidney function (glomerular filtration rate (GFR) <60 mL/min/1.73m2) or evidence of kidney damage (such as proteinuria) for a period of at least 3 months, is considered a major global public health problem (Levey, Atkins et al. 2007). The prevalence of CKD has been estimated at between 10-15% in industrialised countries and is increasing, likely as a result of population ageing and the increasing incidence of diabetes, vascular disease and obesity (Chadban, Briganti et al. 2003; Coresh, Astor et al. 2003; Coresh, Selvin et al. 2007; Stevens, O'Donoghue et al. 2007). A definition and staging system for CKD was introduced in 2002 and has been widely accepted (Table 1) (K/DOQI 2002).
2-phenyl-1-(3-pyrrolidin-1-il-propyl)-1H-indole hydrochloride (SS-68): Antiarrhythmic and Cardioprotective Activity and Its Molecular Mechanisms of Action (Part II)

Introduction. In previous studies on different animal models, it was shown that compound N-(N-butylpyrrolidine)-2-phenylindole hydrochloride (SS-68) has a broad antiarrhythmic activity. The molecular mechanisms of the pharmacological action of SS-68 were chosen as the focus for this study. Materials and methods. The study of the molecular basis of the pharmacological action of SS-68 was based on 1) molecular docking with the determination of the affinity constant for κ1-opioid receptors; 2) recording the fluorescence of a culture of cardiomyocytes with the determination of the effect of SS-68 on ionic homeostasis; 3) determining the negative chronotropic action in vitro; 4) studying the effect of SS-68 on the transmembrane ion currents of isolated unidentified neurons of the large pond snail (Lymnaeastagnalis), orb snail (Planorbariuscorneus) and rat hippocampal neuron cultures. Results. 1) In experiments using molecular docking, the affinity of SS-68 for κ1-opioid receptors is significantly higher than that of butorphanol, but lower than that of (-)-U-50.488; 2) In spontaneously excited preparations of the right atrium, SS-68 causes an irreversible negative chronotropic effect. In experiments on atrial myocardium in rats, SS-68 is capable of demonstrating the ability to block M2 and M3-cholinergic receptors; 3) When studying the effects on cardiac myocyte ion currents, it was shown that SS-68 has moderate Na+, K+ and Ca2+ – blocking activity; 4) In the study of isolated neurons, it was shown that SS-68 influences the electrophysiology of neurocytes in a dose-dependent manner. Discussion. The study of the molecular basis of the action of SS-68 showed that this compound has a pleiotropic multitarget effect, which consists of, at least, the effect on Na+, Ca2+ and K+-homeostasis of cardiomyocytes and neurons, M2-, M3-cholinergic receptors, and κ1-opioid receptors. Conclusion. From the point of view of molecular pharmacology, SS-68 can be attributed to an antiarrhythmic drug with a mixed type of action.
Chromium Environmental Risk Assessment

Abstract : A review of chromium environmental criteria, supporting scientific studies and recent research activities was conducted to determine the implications of evolving observations on cancer risk to DoD environmental clean-up programs. Public concern over the occupational cancer risk of hexavalent chromium is influencing a new assessment of the risk data. Toxicology literature on the human health hazards, cancer and non-cancer, was reviewed. On-going epidemiology efforts were unavailable for a thorough assessment. Data gaps in the literature were noted as support for research recommendations- Alternatives to chromium speciation at environmental clean-up sites were recommended as an interim measure. An extensive bibliography is provided.
Jakobshavns Isbræ, West Greenland: Seasonal Variations in Velocity - or Lack Thereof

Abstract The lower 80 km of the fast-moving Jakobshavns Isbræ, West Greenland, is subject to significant melting during the summer season. The melt water drains into large supraglacial rivers which pour into moulins or feed into beautiful supraglacial lakes, some of which are observed to drain periodically. Except for a few streams that drain directly off the margins of the ice sheet within the drainage basin of this glacier, the fate of this melt water is unknown. However, a localized upwelling of highly turbid water is often observed during the melt season in the fjord adjacent Io the terminal cliff of the glacier, indicating that water from some source does move along the glacier bed. As part of an investigation on the mechanisms of rapid flow on Jakobshavns Isbræ, measurements of surface velocity at several (∼25) locations along the ice stream at and below the equilibrium line were made in order to investigate the effects of this seasonally varying input of melt water on the speed of the glacier. No significant seasonal variation in speed was found at any location. This indicates that, unlike many other sub-polar and temperate glaciers, surface melt-water production does not affect the motion of this glacier on a seasonal basis, and, thus, does not cause a significant temporal variation in basal sliding. This finding has important ramifications on the mechanisms of flow for this ice stream.
Optimization of k‐space trajectories for compressed sensing by Bayesian experimental design

The optimization of k‐space sampling for nonlinear sparse MRI reconstruction is phrased as a Bayesian experimental design problem. Bayesian inference is approximated by a novel relaxation to standard signal processing primitives, resulting in an efficient optimization algorithm for Cartesian and spiral trajectories. On clinical resolution brain image data from a Siemens 3T scanner, automatically optimized trajectories lead to significantly improved images, compared to standard low‐pass, equispaced, or variable density randomized designs. Insights into the nonlinear design optimization problem for MRI are given. Magn Reson Med, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Perspectives on Energy and Environment Risks with Implications for Canadian Energy Development

Risk has become a central concern for businesses, regulators and communities. At one level, risk is about numbers and information. But at another level, risk is about narratives and meanings. In this paper, we describe four risk perspectives: technical, economic, perceptual, and cultural. Technical and economic perspectives inform techno-economic approaches to risk, whereas perceptual and cultural perspectives inform socio-cultural approaches to risk. We argue that understanding energy and environmental risks requires consideration of information and meaning, and numbers and narratives. We illustrate these perspectives with a brief case study of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant disaster and consider Canadian energy development debates. The discussion suggests that risks within and across societies — whether at a given point in time, or dynamically over time — can be more fully explained by going beyond techno-economic conceptualizations of risk through consideration of socio-cultural issues.
Analysis of discarding in the Dutch beamtrawl fleet

Dit rapport onderzoekt het overboord zetten van gevangen vissen of bodemdieren, ook wel discarden genoemd, door de Nederlandse boomkorvloot. Met name het discarden van schol in de Noordzee staat in de belangstelling, omdat veel jong schollen worden gevangen en gediscard in deze visserij. Het lijkt erop dat in de laatste jaren een stijging plaats heeft gevonden in de hoeveelheid scholdiscards, evenals een verplaatsing van jonge schol naar dieper water verder uit de kust. Dit rapport geeft een overzicht van de resultaten uit onderzoeken uitgevoerd door het Nederlands Instituut voor Visserijonderzoek naar het discarden door de Nederlandse boomkorvisserij en naar de overleving van discards. Daarnaast wordt onderzocht of gedurende de periode 1985-2002 verschuivingen hebben plaatsgevonden in de verspreiding van jonge schol over de Noordzee. Bovendien wordt het effect van discards op de bestandsschattingen van schol onderzocht. Hiertoe worden eerst de aantallen discards geschat met behulp van een model. Vervolgens worden bestandschattingen met elkaar vergeleken die met en zonder discards zijn berekend
Data assimilation : making sense of observations

Part A Theory. - 1. Data Assimilation and Information. - 2. Mathematical Concepts of Data Assimilation. - 3. Variational Assimilation. - 4. Ensemble Kalman Filter: Status and Potential. - 5. Error Statistics in Data Assimilation: Estimation and Modelling. - 6. Bias Estimation. - 7. The Principle of Energetic Consistency in Data Assimilation. - 8. Evaluation of Assimilation Algorithms. - . 9 Initialization. - Part B Observations. - 10.The Global Observing System. - 11. Assimilation of Operational Data. - 12. Research Satellites. - Part C Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynmaics. - 13. General Concepts in Meteorology and Dynamics. - 14. The Role of the Model in the Data Assimilation System. - 15. Numerical Weather Prediction. - Part D Atmospheric Chemistry. - 16. Introduction to Atmospheric Chemistry and Constituent Transport. - 17. Representation and Modelling of Uncertainties in Chemistry and Transport Models. - 18. Constituent Assimilation. - 19. Inverse Modelling and Combined State-source Estimation for Chemical Weather. - Part E Wider Applications. - 20. Ocean Data Assimilation. - 21. Land Surface Data Assimilation. - 22. Assimilation of GPS Soundings in Ionospheric Models. - Part F The Longer View. - 23. Reanalysis: Data Assimilation for Scientific Investigation of Climate. - 24. Observing System Simulation Experiments. - 25 Data Assimilation for Other Planets,- Appendix. - Index