Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Investigación y uso de fitasas en avicultura Research and use of phytase in poultry farming

The main end products of poultry farming are chicken meat and eggs for human consumption, which require, in addition to high financial performance, the development of strategies to ensure food security and reduce environmental impact. Given that many studies report the use of phytase in monogastric diets as an environment friendly and profitable practice, the present review intends to compile the most significant data generated in recent years, seeking to identify the main factors of production performance that are either positively or negatively affected by endogenous phytase activity, as well as the microbial and physiological reasons for which this activity has been deemed a promising element that reduces environmental costs generated by the poultry industry. Most of the consulted sources agree on favorable results in weight gain, egg production rate and decreased phosphorus in excreta upon adding phytase to diets low on nonphytate phosphorus (npp
Online Inverter Open-circuit Fault Diagnosis for Fault Tolerant Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor System under multi-fault condition

The on-line inverter open-circuit fault diagnosis method of the six-phase fault tolerant permanent magnet synchronous motor (FTPMSM) system is investigated in this paper. The fault characteristic model of the FTPMSM system is first established, in which the optimal torque control is used to guarantee the ripple-free electromagnetic torque operation of the system under the fault condition. Then the fault characteristic extraction approach based on the Lissajous figure of the non-fault phase current is proposed. Finally, the inverter open-circuit fault diagnosis is proposed based on the Park’s vector transformation, which can detect the power switch fault the inverter even in fault tolerance operation condition for the FTPMSM system.
South African men and women living with HIV have similar distributions of pain sites

Background No studies have investigated sex differences in the location and number of pain sites in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLWH), despite evidence that women, in general, bear a greater burden of pain than men. Aim To determine sex differences in the location and number of pain sites, and whether there were demographic or disease-related differences in the number of pain sites. Setting South African tertiary hospital HIV clinics and a community healthcare centre Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of records from South African PLWH who had pain. Results Of the 596 participant records, 19% were male (115/596) and the median number of pain sites for both sexes was 2 (interquartile range [IQR]: 1 to 3). Pain was most frequently experienced in the head (men: 12%, women: 38%), feet and ankles (men: 42%, women: 28%), abdomen (men = 19%, women = 28%) and chest (men = 20%, women = 20%). After correcting for multiple comparisons, males were less likely to experience headache than females (Fisher’s exact text, odds ratio [OR] = 0.23, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.12 – 0.42, p = 0.000). Pain at other body sites was experienced similarly between the sexes. There was no meaningful variation in the number of pain sites between the sexes (logistic regression, p = 0.157). Conclusion A similar location and number of pain sites were experienced by male and female South African PLWH. The locations of pain sites were different from previous reports, however, suggesting that research into pain in PLWH cannot necessarily be generalised across cultures.
Interface Structures and Electrical Properties of Micro-Fabricated Epitaxial Hf-Digermanide/n-Ge(001) Contacts

We investigated the interface crystalline structures and electrical conduction properties of epitaxial Hf-digermanide(HfGe<sub>2</sub>)/<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${n}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-Ge(001) contacts with different electrode sizes of 20, 45, and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$90~{\mu }\text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> prepared via microfabrication. It was found that the microfabrication process improved the interface uniformity of the HfGe<sub>2</sub>/<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${n}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-Ge(001) contacts. Detailed transmission electron microscopy analysis confirmed the growth of epitaxial HfGe<sub>2</sub> on Ge(001) and implied that microfabrication suppressed the strain relaxation of HfGe<sub>2</sub>. These results imply that the applied strain of the epitaxial HfGe<sub>2</sub>, which was controlled via microfabrication in this study, is a possible parameter that may be used to improve the interface uniformity HfGe<sub>2</sub>/<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${n}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-Ge(001) contacts. The Schottky barrier heights (SBHs) of the HfGe<sub>2</sub>/<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${n}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-Ge(001) contacts estimated from the capacitance–voltage characteristics were small and in the range of 0.4 to 0.5 eV independent of the electrode size. Furthermore, considering the temperature dependence of the current density–voltage characteristics, we found that both the thermionic field emission current and the tunneling current through the interface dipole layer were possibly flowed in series and that the SBH for the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$20~{\mu }\text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> sample was 0.24 eV, whereas those for both the 45 and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$90~{\mu }\text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> samples were 0.31 eV.
Biosynthesis and Characterization of Extracellular Silver Nanoparticles from Streptomyces aizuneusis: Antimicrobial, Anti Larval, and Anticancer Activities

The ability of microorganisms to reduce inorganic metals has launched an exciting eco-friendly approach towards developing green nanotechnology. Thus, the synthesis of metal nanoparticles through a biological approach is an important aspect of current nanotechnology. In this study, Streptomyces aizuneusis ATCC 14921 gave the small particle of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) a size of 38.45 nm, with 1.342 optical density. AgNPs produced by Streptomyces aizuneusis were characterized by means of UV-VIS spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The UV-Vis spectrum of the aqueous solution containing silver ion showed a peak between 410 to 430. Moreover, the majority of nanoparticles were found to be a spherical shape with variables between 11 to 42 nm, as seen under TEM. The purity of extracted AgNPs was investigated by energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDXA), and the identification of the possible biomolecules responsible for the reduction of Ag+ ions by the cell filtrate was carried out by Fourier Transform Infrared spectrum (FTIR). High antimicrobial activities were observed by AgNPs at a low concentration of 0.01 ppm, however, no deleterious effect of AgNPs was observed on the development and occurrence of Drosophila melanogaster phenotype. The highest reduction in the viability of the human lung carcinoma and normal cells was attained at 0.2 AgNPs ppm.
Mapping the Mechanical Properties of Cancellous Bone from the Femoral Head

This work presents an experimental program to determine the mechanical properties of cancellous bone in the femoral head as a function of location. To achieve this several specimens of cancellous bone of approximately 10 mm height and 10 mm diameter were obtained from one human femoral head, starting the sampling from its main loading compressive direction. All specimens underwent compression testing in order to determine the mechanical properties of each specimen and thus a properties map of the cancellous bone in the femoral head was obtained. Based on the results a parametric file with material properties was created in order to be used by professionals in finite element analysis programs.
On Correlation of Anisoelasticity, Angular Gain, and Temperature in Whole-Angle CVGs

In Coriolis Vibratory Gyroscopes (CVG) operating in the Whole-Angle (WA) mode, due to the presence of anisoelasticity in the mechanical structure, the oscillation pattern deviates from an ideal straight line and turns into an elliptical shape. In a conventional WA control architecture, the ellipticity is quantified using the quadrature variable, and a feedback control loop is utilized to minimize quadrature, thus compensating for anisoelasticity in the gyroscope structure. In this paper, using simulation and experimental results, we demonstrated that while a Proportional-Integral (PI) controller can be adapted as the feedback loop to suppress quadrature by several orders of magnitude, it cannot fully eliminate the ellipticity. The effect of residual quadrature on precession was numerically modeled and the corresponding angular drift and angle bias errors were characterized. The simulation results were verified through experimental data of a Micro-Electro-Mechanical (MEM) CVG. Furthermore, we modeled and evaluated the drift in angular gain due to variations in anisoelasticity. A Temperature Coefficient of Frequency (TCF) mismatch between the resonant modes, as the main mechanism causing anisoelasticity variations, was experimentally demonstrated to cause angular-gain temperature sensitivity in WA mode of operation. Our findings suggest that in the case of using a PI quadrature controller, residual quadrature and the corresponding effects on precession, including the angular-gain temperature sensitivity, can be reduced by a combination of increasing the feedback control gain and operating in a mode-matched condition. By following these two strategies, temperature sensitivity of angular gain in the MEM gyroscope was reduced by two orders of magnitude. We demonstrated an angular gain variation below 10 ppm for WA operation in a temperature range from 15 °C to 45 °C. By employing an active temperature controller, sub-ppm angular gain stability was experimentally demonstrated, realizing high-accuracy direct angle measurements for prolonged operation.
Skin Microstructure Segmentation and Aging Classification Using CNN-Based Models

The skin surface is composed of a network-like microstructure comprising wrinkles. Observing and analyzing the microstructure of the skin that changes with the skin condition and aging are simple, stable, and accurate evaluation methods for skin diagnosis. However, the skin surface includes various morphological and topological changes, depending on the individual or the degree of aging. It is difficult to accurately extract and analyze a skin microstructure including these changes. Therefore, we perform skin microstructure segmentation and aging analysis by using convolutional neural network (CNN) models. First, we propose a fusion UNet model to extract the skin microstructure. We compare and evaluate the segmentation performance by using an image processing method and deep learning models. Next, we classify skin aging based on the skin microstructure. For the classification, we use four mobile CNN models: NASNet-Mobile, MobileNetV2, MobileNetV3-Small, and EfficientNet-B0. Subsequently, we compare and evaluate their classification performances. Results show that the segmentation images of the fusion U-Net are most similar to the ground truth, and the fusion U-Net model can detect fine wrinkles that are difficult to identify by the naked eye. In the microstructure-based classification of skin aging, MobileNetV3-Small exhibits the best performance with an accuracy of 94%. The proposed method facilitates an objective and quantitative analysis of the skin surface with more diverse aging characteristics. Consequently, the association between skin aging and skin microstructure changes is confirmed. Our study can be utilized in the diagnostic studies on various skin characteristics, including skin texture, anisotropy, and roughness. The proposed method can also be applied to a mobile-based self-diagnosis system.
Interaction of Graphene Oxide Modified with Linear and Branched PEG with Monocytes Isolated from Human Blood

Multiple graphene-based therapeutics have recently been developed, however potential risks related to the interaction between nanomaterials and immune cells are still poorly understood. Therefore, studying the impact of graphene oxide on various populations of immune cells is of importance. In this work, we aimed to investigate the effects of PEGylated graphene oxide on monocytes isolated from human peripheral blood. Graphene oxide nanoparticles with lateral sizes of 100–200 nm and 1–5 μm were modified with linear and branched PEG (GO-PEG). Size, elemental composition, and structure of the resulting nanoparticles were characterized. We confirmed that PEG was successfully attached to the graphene oxide surface. The influence of GO-PEG on the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), cytokines, phagocytosis, and viability of monocytes was studied. Uptake of GO-PEG by monocytes depends on PEG structure (linear or branched). Branched PEG decreased the number of GO-PEG nanoparticles per monocyte. The viability of monocytes was not altered by co-cultivation with GO-PEG. GO-PEG decreased the phagocytosis of Escherichia coli in a concentration-dependent manner. ROS formation by monocytes was determined by measuring luminol-, lucigenin-, and dichlorodihydrofluorescein-dependent luminescence. GO-PEG decreased luminescent signal probably due to inactivation of ROS, such as hydroxyl and superoxide radicals. Some types of GO-PEG stimulated secretion of IL-10 by monocytes, but this effect did not correlate with their size or PEG structure.
Pedestrian-Level Wind Environment Assessment of Shenyang’s Residential Areas through Numerical Simulations

In recent decades, increasing urbanization has increased construction land shortages, which has made people pay more attention to the utilization of vertical space. The emergence of more and more high-rise buildings has affected the wind environment at the pedestrian level, especially in residential areas. In this research, the typical patterns of the layouts of residential buildings in Shenyang were investigated and summarized, and the wind environment of the residential areas of different architecture layouts was simulated according to the climatic conditions in Shenyang. After analyzing the simulation results, a typical layout mode for the residential areas in Shenyang was developed to facilitate the establishment of a favorable wind environment. In comparison with different building layouts, a staggered layout of slab buildings, half-enclosed layout of point buildings with openings on the south side, slab-point combined buildings with slab buildings on the north side, and point buildings on the south side were found to be the most suitable layouts for Shenyang’s climate. Thus, this study can provide guidance to designers and urban planners in addition to practical suggestions for residential planning.
Hypoxia Modulates Regenerative Potential of Fetal Stem Cells

Adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are prone to senescence, which limits the scope of their use in tissue engineering and regeneration and increases the likelihood of post-implantation failure. As a robust alternative cell source, fetal stem cells can prevent an immune reaction and senescence. However, few studies use this cell type. In this study, we sought to characterize fetal cells’ regenerative potential in hypoxic conditions. Specifically, we examined whether hypoxic exposure during the expansion and differentiation phases would affect human fetal nucleus pulposus cell (NPC) and fetal synovium-derived stem cell (SDSC) plasticity and three-lineage differentiation potential. We concluded that fetal NPCs represent the most promising cell source for chondrogenic differentiation, as they are more responsive and display stronger phenotypic stability, particularly when expanded and differentiated in hypoxic conditions. Fetal SDSCs have less potential for chondrogenic differentiation compared to their adult counterpart. This study also indicated that fetal SDSCs exhibit a discrepancy in adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation in response to hypoxia.
Evaluation of operational forecasts from weather research and forecasting model during southwest monsoon 2011 using MET 3.0

This study discusses the skill of rainfall forecasts during monsoon 2011 from the state-of-art Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model run real-time at the Meteorological Centre Bangalore. The WRF is run for the limited domain of 9-22° N / 74-87° E covering the southern peninsular India. Rainfall verification is performed using continuous and categorical approaches. It’s verified using India Meteorological Department’s gridded and point rainfall by Model Evaluation Tools package. The results show that model is capable of reproducing seasonal picture of rainfall; maxima over west coast and eastern India and minima over inland peninsular India. Time series of area averaged daily accumulated observed and forecasted rainfall shows that forecast trend matches observed trend on most of the days. However, quantitative forecast amount is less than the observed. The mean error, mean absolute error and root mean square error of rainfall are found to be 3.1 & 1.4, 11.6 & 10.9 and 26.8 and 24.9 mm/day for 24 and 48 hours forecasts. The categorical scores like probability of detection, false alarm ratio, frequency bias, critical success index and Heidke skill scores are calculated for various thresholds. The Heidke skill score is found to be positive and is 0.38 and 0.37 in the lower thresholds up to 10 mm for 24 and 48 hour forecasts. These scores indicate that model’s performance is good for lower rainfall threshold but degrades considerably for higher rainfall thresholds. Hence, an operational forecaster can accept model forecast of a rainy day with confidence but not the intensity.
Securing SMS-based approach for two factor authentication

Nowadays most of the institution faces a huge problem related to security. Most of the institution uses the traditional way to provide authentication. That means most them are use passwords as an authentication mechanism. Now most of the users use same password in different accounts to avoid their work loads. But this is not a secure way. So many other mechanisms are designed for providing security such as two factor authentication. This paper discuss about a securing two factor authentication using mobile phones. Here we use mobile phones for generating OTPs. Also adapt SMS-Based approach for two factor authentication and provide security to the SMS-Based OTPs
Evaluation of Tuberculosis Vaccine Candidate, pcDNA3.1-rpfD using Mycobacterial Growth Inhibition Assay (MGIA)

Resuscitation-promoting factor D (RpfD) is a protein involved in the resuscitation of dormant bacteria. A new tuberculosis vaccine carrying the rpfD gene has been successfully constructed, pcDNA3.1-rpfD. It was demonstrated that this vaccine exhibits cellular and humoral immune responses. Therefore, within this study, the efficacy of this new vaccine candidate was evaluated using mycobacterial growth inhibition assay (MGIA). MGIA is a functional assay that measures the complex host immune response, peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) and splenocyte from BALB/c mice against mycobacteria. With BACTECTM MGITTM 960 automated system, the effect of vaccination on bacterial growth was reported as a time to positivity (TTP) in hours. The mean of TTP from the vaccinated group (both pcDNA3.1-rpfD and BCG) was higher than the negative control group. These results suggest that pcDNA3.1-rpfD may be effective in controlling tuberculosis growth and may provide a clue for the development of the tuberculosis vaccine. In addition, despite previous evidence that IFNγ was essential for tuberculosis immunity, IFNγ (interferon gamma) production was found not to be correlated with mycobacterial inhibition. Therefore, these findings offer an alternative method to evaluate vaccine candidates than the assessment using IFNγ only.
Kinerja Spectrum Sensing dengan Metode Matched Filter Detector pada Radio Kognitif

Abstrak Evolusi sistem nirkabel dan teknologi saat ini telah membuat dampak besar pada masyarakat. Namun, disaat yang sama pengelolaan dan pemanfaatan kelangkaan spektrum tidak efisien. Radio k ognitif adalah paradigma baru dalam merancang sistem komunikasi nirkabel yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemanfaatan spektrum frekuensi radio (RF) dan mengurangi seminimal mungkin kelangkaan spektrum . Spectrum sensing adalah langkah utama yang akan memungkinkan jaringan radio kognitif , yaitu untuk menentukan status spektrum dan aktivitas pengguna utama secara berkala , dengan menggunakan metode matched filter detector dan energy detector sebagai pembandingnya. Hasil dari kinerja spectrum sensing berdasarkan simulasi, menunjukan kinerja matched filter detect or membutuhkan SNR = 15 dB untuk mencapai probability detection (Pd) sebesar 100% , dengan probability false alarm sebesar 0,01, sedangkan energy detector hanya membutuhkan SNR = 14,2 dB . Secara keseluruhan untuk deteksi sinyal yang optimal kinerja matched filter detect or tidak lebih baik dibanding kinerja energy detector . Kata kunci : spectrum sensing, radio kognitif, probability detection, matched filter detector, energy detector. Abstract The evolution of wireless systems and current technology has made a huge impact on society. However, at the same time the management and utilization of spectrum scarcity is not efficient. Cognitive Radio is a new paradigm in designing wireless communication system that aims to improve the utilization of the radio frequency spectrum (RF) and reduce to a minimum the scarcity of spectrum. Spectrum sensing is a major step that will allow the cognitive radio networks, namely to determine the status of the spectrum and activity of the primary user at regular intervals, using the method of matched filter detector and energy detector as a comparison. The results of the performance spectrum sensing based on simulations, indicates the performance matched filter detector requires SNR = 15 dB to achieve detection probability (Pd) of 100%, with a probability of false alarm of 0.01, whereas energy detector only requires SNR = 14.2 dB. As a whole for optimum signal detection performance of matched filter detector is not better than the performance of energy detector. Keywords : spectrum sensing, cognitive radio, probability detection, matched filter detector, energy detector.
A novel trajectory prediction control for proximate time-optimal digital control DC—DC converters

The purpose of this paper is to present a novel trajectory prediction method for proximate time-optimal digital control DC—DC converters. The control method provides pre-estimations of the duty ratio in the next several switching cycles, so as to compensate the computational time delay of the control loop and increase the control loop bandwidth, thereby improving the response speed. The experiment results show that the fastest transient response time of the digital DC—DC with the proposed prediction is about 8 μs when the load current changes from 0.6 to 0.1 A.