Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Slowly rotating neutron stars with small differential rotation: equilibrium models and oscillations in the Cowling approximation

Newly born neutron stars can present differential rotation, even if later it should be suppressed by viscosity or a sufficiently strong magnetic field. And in this early stage of its life, a neutron star is expected to have a strong emission of gravitational waves, which could be influenced by the differential rotation. We present here a new formalism for modelling differentially rotating neutron stars: working on the slow rotation approximation and assuming a small degree of differential rotation, we show that it is possible to separate variables in the Einstein field equations. The dragging of inertial frames is determined by solving three decoupled ODEs. After we establish our equilibrium model, we explore the influence of the differential rotation on the f and r-modes of oscillation of the neutron star in the Cowling approximation, and we also analyze an effect of the differential rotation on the emission of gravitational radiation from the f-modes. We see that the gravitational radiation from the f-modes is slightly suppressed by introducing differential rotation to the equilibrium stars.
SPIRAL DENSITY WAVES IN M81. I. STELLAR SPIRAL DENSITY WAVES

Aside from the grand-design stellar spirals appearing in the disk of M81, a pair of stellar spiral arms situated well inside the bright bulge of M81 has been recently discovered by Kendall et al. The seemingly unrelated pairs of spirals pose a challenge to the theory of spiral density waves. To address this problem, we have constructed a three-component model for M81, including the contributions from a stellar disk, a bulge, and a dark matter halo subject to observational constraints. Given this basic state for M81, a modal approach is applied to search for the discrete unstable spiral modes that may provide an understanding for the existence of both spiral arms. It is found that the apparently separated inner and outer spirals can be interpreted as a single trailing spiral mode. In particular, these spirals share the same pattern speed 25.5 km s−1 kpc−1 with a corotation radius of 9.03 kpc. In addition to the good agreement between the calculated and the observed spiral pattern, the variation of the spiral amplitude can also be naturally reproduced.
focused website built on AquaSense engine, with a rich

GAIN Green Aquaculture Intensification in Europe Grant Agreement Number 773330 GAIN D6.6 Industry focused website built on AquaSense engine, with a rich UI/UX Due date of deliverable: 31/10/2021 Actual submission date: 31/10/2021 Lead beneficiary: Longline Environment Limited (LLE) Authors: Ferreira, J.G. ; Pastres, R; Royer, E. , Fernandes, A. , Lencart‐Silva, J., Lima, A. , Lopes, A. WP 6 – Dissemination, Exploitation, and Communication Task 6.4 – Broadening Industry Connections Sub‐task 6.4. 1 ‐ Exploitation of the Information Management System (IMS) Dissemination Level: PU Public Y Document log Version Date Comments Author(s) V1 25/10/2021 First draft Lopes, A. , Lencart, J., Lima, A. V2 27/10/2021 V2 Ferreira, J.G. , Pastres, R. , Royer, E. Recommended Citation Ferreira, J.G. ; Pastres, R; Royer, E. , Fernandes, A. , Lencart‐Silva, J., Lima, A. , Lopes, A. “Industry focused website built on AquaSense engine, with a rich UI/UX” ‐ Deliverable 7.1 GAIN ‐ Green Aquaculture INtensification in Europe. EU Horizon 2020 project grant no. 773330. 17 pp.
Non-Abelian Localization for Supersymmetric Yang-Mills-Chern-Simons Theories on Seifert Manifold

We derive non-Abelian localization formulae for supersymmetric Yang-Mills- Chern-Simons theory with matters on a Seifert manifold M, which is the three- dimensional space of a circle bundle over a two-dimensional Riemann surface �, by using the cohomological approach introduced by Kallen. We find that the partition function and the vev of the supersymmetric Wilson loop reduces to a finite dimen- sional integral and summation over classical flux configurations labeled by discrete integers. We also find the partition function reduces further to just a discrete sum over integers in some cases, and evaluate the supersymmetric index (Witten in- dex) exactly on S 1 × �. The index completely agrees with the previous prediction from field theory and branes. We discuss a vacuum structure of the ABJM theory
An Exploration of the Singularities in General Relativity

In General Relativity, spacetime singularities raise a number of problems, both mathematical and physical. One can identify a class of singularities { with smooth but degenerate metric { which, under a set of conditions, allow us to dene proper geometric invariants, and to write eld equations, including equations which are equivalent to Einstein's at non-singular points, but remain well-dened and smooth at singularities. This class of singularities is large enough to contain isotropic singularities, warped-product singularities, including the Friedmann- Lema^ tre-Robertson-Walker singularities, etc.Also a Big-Bang singularity of this type auto- matically satises Penrose's Weyl curvature hypothesis. The Schwarzschild, Reissner-Nordstrand Kerr-Newman singularities apparently are not of this benign type, but we can pass to coordinates in which they become benign. The charged black hole solutions Reissner-Nordstrand Kerr-Newman can be used to model classical charged particles in General Relativity. Their electromagnetic potential and electromagnetic eld are analytic in the new coordinates { they have nite values at r = 0. There are hints from Quantum Field Theory and Quantum Gravity that a dimensional re- duction is required at small scale. A possible explanation is provided by benign singularities, because some of their properties correspond to a reduction of dimensionality.
Classification of spin-nematic squeezing in spin-1 collective atomic systems

In spin-1 collective atomic systems, the spin and nematic-tensor operators constitute the su(3) Lie algebra whose su(2) subalgebras are shown to give two distinct classes of squeezing which are unitarily equivalent to spin squeezing and spin-nematic squeezing. We explicitly construct a unitary operator that generates an arbitrary squeezed spin-nematic state from an arbitrary Fock state. In particular, we demonstrate that squeezed spin states can be generated from a polar state and that squeezed spin-nematic sates can be generated from a fully spin-polarized state.
Testing multifield inflation with halo bias

Multifield models of inflation predict an inequality between the amplitude τNL of the collapsed limit of the four-point correlator of the primordial curvature perturbation and the amplitude fNL of the squeezed limit of its three-point correlator. While a convincing detection of non-Gaussianity through the squeezed limit of the three-point correlator would rule out all single-field models, a robust confirmation or disproval of the inequality between τNL and fNL would provide crucial information about the validity of multifield models of inflation. In this paper, we discuss to which extent future measurements of the scale dependence of halo bias can test multifield inflationary scenarios. The strong degeneracy between the effect of a non-vanishing fNL and τNL on halo bias can be broken by considering multiple tracer populations of the same surveyed volume. If haloes down to 1013 M⊙ h−1 are resolved in a survey of volume 25 (Gpc3 h−3), then testing multifield models of inflation at the 3σ level would require, for instance, a detection of τNL at the level of τNL ∼ 105 given a measurement of a local bispectrum with amplitude fNL ∼ 10. However, we find that disproving multifield models of inflation with measurements of the non-Gaussian bias only will be very challenging, unless |fNL| ≳ 80 and one can achieve a halo mass resolution of ∼1010 M⊙ h−1
Sustainable entanglement production from a quantum field

We propose a protocol by which entanglement can be extracted repeatedly from a quantum field. In analogy with prior work on entanglement harvesting, we call this protocol entanglement farming. It consists of successively sending pairs of unentangled particles through an optical cavity. Using non-perturbative Gaussian methods, we show that in certain generic circumstances this protocol drives the cavity field towards a non-thermal metastable state. This state of the cavity is such that successive pairs of unentangled particles sent through the cavity will reliably emerge significantly entangled. We calculate thermodynamic aspects of the harvesting process, such as energies and entropies, and also the long-term behavior beyond the few-mode approximation. Significant for possible experimental realizations is the fact that this entangling fixed point state of the cavity is reached largely independently of the initial state in which the cavity was prepared. Our results suggest that reliable entanglement farming on the basis of such a fixed point state should be possible also in various other experimental settings, namely with the to-be-entangled particles replaced by arbitrary qudits and with the cavity replaced by a suitable reservoir system.
Decoherent many-body dynamics of a nano- mechanical resonator coupled to charge qubits

The dynamics of charge qubits coupled to a nanomechanical resonator under influence of both a phonon bath in contact with the resonator and irreversible decay of the qubits is considered. The focus of our analysis is devoted to multi partite entanglement and the effects arising from the coupling to the reservoir. It is shown that despite losses, entanglement formation may still persist for relatively long times and it is especially robust against temperature dependence of the reservoir. Together with control of system parameters, the system may therefore be especially suited for quantum information processing. Furthermore, our results shed light on the evolution of open quantum many-body systems. For instance, due to intrinsic qubit-qubit couplings our model is related to a driven XY spin model.
THE APOGEE RED-CLUMP CATALOG: PRECISE DISTANCES, VELOCITIES, AND HIGH-RESOLUTION ELEMENTAL ABUNDANCES OVER A LARGE AREA OF THE MILKY WAY'S DISK

The Sloan Digital Sky Survey III's Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE) is a high-resolution near-infrared spectroscopic survey covering all of the major components of the Galaxy, including the dust-obscured regions of the inner Milky Way disk and bulge. Here we present a sample of 10,341 likely red-clump stars (RC) from the first two years of APOGEE operations, selected based on their position in color–metallicity–surface-gravity–effective-temperature space using a new method calibrated using stellar evolution models and high-quality asteroseismology data. The narrowness of the RC locus in color–metallicity–luminosity space allows us to assign distances to the stars with an accuracy of 5%–10%. The sample extends to typical distances of about 3 kpc from the Sun, with some stars out to 8 kpc, and spans a volume of approximately 100 kpc3 over 5 kpc ≲ R ≲ 14 kpc, |Z| ≲ 2 kpc, and −15° ≲ Galactocentric azimuth ≲ 30°. The APOGEE red-clump (APOGEE-RC) catalog contains photometry from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, reddening estimates, distances, line-of-sight velocities, stellar parameters and elemental abundances determined from the high-resolution APOGEE spectra, and matches to major proper motion catalogs. We determine the survey selection function for this data set and discuss how the RC selection samples the underlying stellar populations. We use this sample to limit any azimuthal variations in the median metallicity within the ≈45° azimuthal region covered by the current sample to be ⩽0.02 dex, which is more than an order of magnitude smaller than the radial metallicity gradient. This result constrains coherent non-axisymmetric flows within a few kiloparsecs from the Sun.
Strain-speci ﬁ c and outcome-speci ﬁ c ef ﬁ cacy of probiotics for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Consistent guidance for choosing an appropriate probiotic for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome is lacking. Methods: Literature databases searched included: PubMed, Google Scholar and NIH registry of clinical trials from inception to June 2021. Inclusion criteria: randomized controlled trials (RCTs) enrolling adult or pediatric IBS patients comparing probiotics against controls and (cid:1) 2 RCTs with common IBS outcome measures within each type of probiotic. Five common measures of IBS symptoms (changes in global Irritable Bowel Syndrome Severity Scoring System or IBS-SSS scores, frequency of global responders, changes in bloating or abdominal pain scores and frequency of abdominal pain relief) were used. This study was registered at Prospero (#CRD42018109169). Findings: We screened 521 studies and included 42 randomized controlled trials (45 treatment arms, N = 3856). Four probiotics demonstrated signi ﬁ cant reduction in abdominal pain relief: B. coagulans MTCC5260 (RR= 4 . 9, 95% C.I. 3 . 3, 7 . 3), L . plantarum 299v (RR= 4 . 6, 95% CI 1 . 9, 11 . 0), S. boulardii CNCM I-745 (RR= 1 . 5, 95% C.I. 1 . 1, 2 . 1) and S. cerevisiae CNCM I-3856 (RR= 1 . 3, 95% C.I. 1 . 04, 1 . 6). Mild-moderate adverse events were reported in 51% of the trials, none were more associatedwith the probioticcomparedto controls. Interpretation: Although the analysis of probiotic ef ﬁ cacy was limited by the diversity of IBS outcomes used in trials and lack of con ﬁ rmatory trials for some strains, six single-strain probiotics and three different types of probiotic mixtures showed signi ﬁ cant ef ﬁ cacy for at least one IBS outcome measure. These results might be relevant to clinical practice and policy. mixtures). Nine probiotic types had at least one outcome with signi ﬁ cant ef ﬁ cacy, four probiotics showed no ef ﬁ cacy in any of the outcomes. Four probiotics demonstrated signi ﬁ cant reduction in abdominal pain relief: B. coagulans MTCC5260, L. plantarum 299v, S. boulardii CNCMI-745 and S. cerevisiae CNCM I-3856.
Hand Exoskeleton Design and Human–Machine Interaction Strategies for Rehabilitation

Stroke and related complications such as hemiplegia and disability create huge burdens for human society in the 21st century, which leads to a great need for rehabilitation and daily life assistance. To address this issue, continuous efforts are devoted in human–machine interaction (HMI) technology, which aims to capture and recognize users’ intentions and fulfil their needs via physical response. Based on the physiological structure of the human hand, a dimension-adjustable linkage-driven hand exoskeleton with 10 active degrees of freedom (DoFs) and 3 passive DoFs is proposed in this study, which grants high-level synergy with the human hand. Considering the weight of the adopted linkage design, the hand exoskeleton can be mounted on the existing up-limb exoskeleton system, which greatly diminishes the burden for users. Three rehabilitation/daily life assistance modes are developed (namely, robot-in-charge, therapist-in-charge, and patient-in-charge modes) to meet specific personal needs. To realize HMI, a thin-film force sensor matrix and Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) are installed in both the hand exoskeleton and the corresponding controller. Outstanding sensor–machine synergy is confirmed by trigger rate evaluation, Kernel Density Estimation (KDE), and a confusion matrix. To recognize user intention, a genetic algorithm (GA) is applied to search for the optimal hyperparameters of a 1D Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), and the average intention-recognition accuracy for the eight actions/gestures examined reaches 97.1% (based on K-fold cross-validation). The hand exoskeleton system provides the possibility for people with limited exercise ability to conduct self-rehabilitation and complex daily activities.
Animal Centered Research beyond ACI: Exploring the Applicability of Animal Centered Principles to All Animal Research

This workshop aims to explore the applicability of Animal-Computer Interaction (ACI) research ethics beyond the field's remit, to develop an animal-centered approach to the use of animals in research more broadly. The event is part of a longer-term project aiming to rearticulate the framework of the 3Rs (Replacement, Reduction, Refinement). The workshop is targeted at researchers from different disciplines, with expertise on animal research from different perspectives. The event will involve group work sessions during which participants will discuss diverse case studies, exploring the applicability of animal-centered ethics principles when designing research that involves animals, and plenary discussions during which participants will share challenges identified, collectively explore possible ways to address them in practice and produce policy suggestions to facilitate the implementation of scenario-specific trade-offs. The workshop will be run both in presence and virtually, to promote inclusion of participants from different geographic areas. A key outcome of the event will be the establishment of a working group to develop a framework and provide a resource for researchers and practitioners whose work involves animals and for whom the application of animal-cantered technologies, methods or frameworks may be relevant.
Axion and dilaton + metric emerge from local and linear electrodynamics

We take a quick look at the different possible universally coupled scalar fields in nature. Then, we discuss how the gauging of the group of scale transformations (dilations), together with the Poincare group, leads to a Weyl-Cartan spacetime structure. There the dilaton field finds a natural surrounding. Moreover, we describe shortly the phenomenology of the hypothetical axion field. --- In the second part of our essay, we consider a spacetime, the structure of which is exclusively specified by the premetric Maxwell equations and a fourth rank electromagnetic response tensor density $\chi^{ijkl}= -\chi^{jikl}= -\chi^{ijlk}$ with 36 independent components. This tensor density incorporates the permittivities, permeabilities, and the magneto-electric moduli of spacetime. No metric, no connection, no further property is prescribed. If we forbid birefringence (double-refraction) in this model of spacetime, we eventually end up with the fields of an axion, a dilaton, and the 10 components of a metric tensor with Lorentz signature. If the dilaton becomes a constant (the vacuum admittance) and the axion field vanishes, we recover the Riemannian spacetime of general relativity theory. Thus, the metric is encapsulated in $\chi^{ijkl}$, it can be derived from it. [file CarlBrans80_07. tex]
Self-interacting Elko dark matter with an axis of locality

Here we report that Elko (for Eigenspinoren des Ladungskonjugationsoperators) breaks Lorentz symmetry in a rather subtle and unexpected way by containing a 'hidden' preferred direction. Along this preferred direction, a quantum field based on Elko enjoys locality. In the form reported here, Elko offers a mass dimension one fermionic dark matter with a quartic self-interaction and a preferred axis of locality. The locality result crucially depends on a judicious choice of phases.
Many Correlation Tables are Molien Sequences

Using the Jordan-Schwinger form of the quantum angular momentum eigenstates, it is straight-forward to define rotational correlation tables such that the columns are Molien sequences for finite rotational subgroup $G$. This realization gives a new and better means of calculation. Generalization to unitary symmetry $U(n)$ implies many more sequences, which determine degeneracy observables in the context of electronic, vibrational, and rotational motion. This leads us to discuss one physical significance of the Hilbert finite basis theorem.
‘WHAT DOES IT SAY?’ EXAMINING THE EFFECT OF KEYWORDS IN SOCIAL MEDIA POSTS DURING COVID-19

: It is now clear that the coronavirus crisis will change the world, let alone the social fabric of individual societies. One of the most tangible outcomes of this pandemic will surely be how people perceive the role of social media during times of fear, uncertainty and confusion. The present study mainly attempts to reveal how the language content of social media posts affects online users’ reactions and behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data was gathered from an online survey distributed to users from both Arab and non-Arab countries. Also, more personalized online interviews were conducted on a number of users to yield qualitative insights on the embedded meaning of the language of social media posts. The social media platform being focused on in the present research is WhatsApp, although Twitter is also utilized as another reference given its popularity. The results of this study demonstrate not only the irreplaceable function of social media during a crisis such as COVID-19, but also the need to encourage worldwide digital literacy on the language content of public social media posts.
DMRG Simulation of the SU(3) AFM Heisenberg Model

In recent years, a renewed interest in models of condensed matter with a symmetry larger than SU(2) has arisen. This is because these models represent not only challenging theoretical problems but also can be effectively implemented experimentally. In particular SU(4) systems can be realized in laboratories in transition metals oxides [1] where the electron spin is coupled to the orbital degrees of freedom. A possible realization of SU(3) antiferromagnetic (AFM) spin chains in systems of ultracold atoms in optical lattices has been recently proposed [2]. In this case the spin would be related to the SU(3) rotation in an internal space spanned by the three available atomic states (colors, in the SU(3) language), with the condition that the number of particles of each color is conserved. Other examples involve the SU(3) trimer state in a spin tetrahedron chain [3, 4], or the spin tube models in a magnetic field [5] where the low-energy effective Hamiltonian can be identified with a particular anisotropic SU(3) spin chain. From a theoretical point of view, the SU(3) spin model has also been studied from different viewpoints. In recent years the interest on ferromagnetic SU(N) spin chains has been boosted by their implication in the AdS/CFT correspondence [6, 7]. On the other side the family of integrable spin chains include some models with SU(3) symmetry, as first shown by Sutherland [8], who generalized the Bethe-Ansatz to multiple component systems which include the SU(3) spin chain, showing that it is gapless. Also the SU(3) Heisenberg model can be di-