Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dynamic responses of a 20-ton capacity feed buoy in an open ocean environment

DYNAMIC RESPONSES OF A 20-TON CAPACITY FEED BUOY IN AN OPEN OCEAN ENVIROMENT by Jonathan F. Horton University of New Hampshire, September, 2008 The 20-ton capacity feed buoy in operation at the Atlantic Marine Aquaculture Center's offshore demonstration site continues to serve as a leading model for marine aquaculture in the energetic ocean environment. Previous modeling and analysis proved survivability of the feed buoy in harsh storm driven seas, however, a field study was not performed at, or after, the time of deployment. This field program was conducted to find the dynamic responses of the buoy due to environmental forcing. Analysis of fair weather data shows small feed buoy responses in heave, surge, and pitch toward lower frequency waves commonly associated with storm events in the Gulf of Maine. Additionally, the study illustrated that higher frequency waves, which do not present any danger to the feed buoy or mooring, will excite the system. In general, feed buoy behavior is consistent with previous modeling, ensuring its survivability at the demonstration site.
SAR Incremental Automatic Target Recognition Based on Mutual Information Maximization

To enable the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) automatic target recognition (ATR) system to continuously adapt to new recognition scenarios, it is necessary to equip the system with the ability to quickly update models. However, when these models learn new tasks, the knowledge of old tasks is quickly forgotten, a phenomenon known as catastrophic forgetting. The reason for catastrophic forgetting is that the model does not use the features of old tasks sufficiently. In this letter, an exemplar-free class incremental learning based on maximizing mutual information (CIL-MMI) is proposed to solve this problem. To effectively use the extracted features, CIL-MMI actively clusters features to maximize the mutual information (MI) between features and corresponding labels. The proposed method successfully avoids the distribution overlap caused by the small interclass differences and large intraclass variances inherent in SAR images. Experiments on the Moving and Stationary Target Acquisition and Recognition (MSTAR) dataset indicate that the proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art approaches, demonstrating improvements of 5.41%, 1.93%, and 2.47% at incremental steps 1, 2, and 3, respectively.
Seasonal changes in bird communities on poultry farms and house sparrow—wild bird contacts revealed by camera trapping

Introduction Wild birds are considered reservoirs of poultry pathogens although transmission routes have not been conclusively established. Here we use camera trapping to study wild bird communities on commercial layer and red-legged partridge farms over a one-year timeframe. We also analyze direct and indirect interactions of other bird species with the house sparrow (Passer domesticus), a potential bridge host. Methods We conducted camera trapping events between January 2018 and October 2019, in two caged layer farms, one free-range layer farm, and two red-legged partridge farms in South-Central Spain. Results and Discussion We observed wild bird visits on all types of farms, with the significantly highest occurrence on red-legged partridge farms where food and water are more easily accessible, followed by commercial caged layer farms, and free-range chicken farms. The house sparrow (Passer domesticus) followed by spotless starlings (Sturnus unicolor) was the most encountered species on all farms, with the highest frequency in caged layer farms. On partridge farms, the house sparrow accounted for 58% of the wild bird detections, while on the free-range chicken farm, it made up 11% of the detections. Notably, the breeding season, when food and water are scarce in Mediterranean climates, saw the highest number of wild bird visits to the farms. Our findings confirm that the house sparrow, is in direct and indirect contact with layers and red-legged partridges and other wild birds independent of the type of farm. Contacts between house sparrows and other bird species were most frequent during the breeding season followed by the spring migration period. The species most frequently involved in interactions with the house sparrow belonged to the order Passeriformes. The study provides a comparative description of the composition and seasonal variations of bird communities in different types of layer/ poultry farms in Southern Spain i.e. a Mediterranean climate. It confirms the effectiveness of biosecurity measures that restrict access to feed and water. Additionally, it underscores the importance of synanthropic species, particularly the house sparrow, as potential bridge vector of avian pathogens.
Classification of Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) using ECA Attention Mechanism Deep learning Networks

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most frequent eye condition among diabetics and a leading cause of blindness. Effective management of the disease requires regular fundus photography screening and prompt action. A computer-aided and entirely automated diagnosis of DR has attracted attention due to the increasing number of diabetic patients and the extensive screening they need. In recent years, advanced deep neural networks have been widely used in various fields. We propose to early detect the DR using the Efficient channel attention (ECA) model. For DR color medical picture severity detection, a deep convolutional neural network model called ECA-Resnet101 (ERNet), ECA-VGG19 (EVNet), and ECA-InceptionV4 (EIANet) have been constructed using a flexible one-dimensional convolution kernel size approach dependent on the feature map dimension. As a result, the Kaggle competition's DR dataset has a precision, accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 0.974, 0.974, 0.974, and 0.992. According to several experiments, InceptionV4, depending on the ECA, could more accurately detect disease features and define DR severity.
Coordinated Control Strategy for Cascaded Current-Source Converter Under Unbalanced Grid Voltage

Current-source converter is getting more and more attention due to its high reliability, which is suitable for electrical vehicle charging applications. To achieve popular 800 V or promising 1000 V fast charging, a cascaded current-source converter with higher output voltage capability has been proposed in recent years. However, the present control strategy for cascaded current-source converter is susceptible to unbalanced grid voltage, which is common in practical EV charging applications. To mitigate the unbalance and distortion of grid-side current and achieve reference voltage output under the unbalanced grid voltage, a coordinated control strategy for cascaded current-source converter is proposed in this article. The proposed strategy could coordinate and regulate the grid-side current, dc-link current and output voltage based on the degrees of freedom in front-stage and back-stage converters to maintain a more balanced and sinusoidal input current with target voltage output. Both Simulink simulations and hardware-in-the-loop tests demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed coordinated control strategy.
Solar cycle dependence of middle atmosphere temperatures

Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) temperature data during 2002 through 2013 and covering 20–110 km altitude between ±83° latitude are analyzed to determine the dependence of middle atmosphere temperatures on solar flux, as parameterized by a linear relation with 81 day mean values of the 10.7 cm solar radio flux, F10.7a. The basic data analyzed are 60 day mean values, which represent zonal and local‐time means. Analysis is conducted on both fixed altitude and fixed pressure levels. Below 70 km, the sensitivity of SABER annual mean temperatures is of order 1–2 K per 100 solar flux units (100 sfu) when data are analyzed on fixed altitude levels. At 85 km this increases to 3–6 K/100 sfu between ±60°latitude. At 95 km, values of order 4–6 K/100 sfu are found over the latitude range ±50° with values of order 10–14 K/100 sfu at higher latitudes in both hemispheres; these values increase to 5–11 K/100 sfu and 13–29 K/100 sfu, respectively, at 105 km. Comparisons are made with similarly analyzed temperatures from the National Center for Atmospheric Research Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM). At 85 km, the WACCM response is similar to observed but above that level WACCM predicts a lower response by a factor of about 2 at 95 km. On the other hand, below 70 km, the sensitivity of WACCM annual mean temperatures is stronger than SABER (∼3 K/100 sfu). When analysis is instead performed on pressure levels, the response in the lower thermosphere increases, especially at 105 km where changes of 29 to 51 K/100 sfu are seen in SABER annual mean temperatures.
GMES Sentinel-1 Analysis of Marine Applications Potential (AMAP)

Abstract : This document is the Final Report deliverable under ESTEC Contract No. 21303/07/NL/CB GMES Sentinel-1 analysis of marine applications potential (AMAP). The document includes ship detectability modelling that has been carried out for Sentinel-1, including development of a ship detectability tool that applies to Sentinel-1, RADARSAT-1, RADARSAT-2, and Envisat ASAR image data. Limitations of the tool's predictions are discussed, and examples from RADARSAT-1 and Envisat ASAR are provided to illustrate the performance of the tool. Also considered is Sentinel-1's expected capability for other maritime applications, including iceberg detection, wind retrieval, oil spill detection, sea ice surveillance, and ship wake detection. In general, the Interferometric Wide Swath mode with its high spatial resolution and 250 km swath will be a useful mode for maritime surveillance in the littoral zone.
Role of vosoritide drug on children's with achondroplasia

Achondroplasia is a genetic condition with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. It is caused by detrimental heterozygous FGFR3 gene mutations. Gain-of-function mutations in the FGFR3 gene impair chondrocyte differentiation and proliferation, which has a negative impact on the formation of new bone. Vosoritide, also known as voxzogo, is the first pharmacological intervention to receive approval for the treatment of achondroplasia. This therapeutic agent has been sanctioned for administration via at-home injections, which are to be performed under the supervision of a proficient nurse.
Modeling Metamorphic Rocks Using Equilibrium Thermodynamics and Internally Consistent Databases: Past Achievements, Problems and Perspectives

The astonishing progress of personal computer technology in the past 30 years as well as the availability of thermodynamic data and modeling programs have revolutionized our ability to investigate and quantify metamorphic processes. Equilibrium thermodynamics has played a central role in this revolution, providing simultaneously a physico-chemical framework and efficient modeling strategies to calculate mineral stability relations in the Earth’s lithosphere (and beyond) as well as thermobarometric results. This Perspectives contribution provides a review of the ingredients and recipes required for constructing models. A fundamental requirement to perform thermodynamic modeling is an internally consistent database containing standard state properties and activity–composition models of pure minerals, solid solutions, and fluids. We demonstrate how important internal consistency is to this database, and show some of the advantages and pitfalls of the two main modeling strategies (inverse and forward modeling). Both techniques are commonly applied to obtain thermobarometric estimates; that is, to derive P–T (pressure–temperature) information to quantify the conditions of metamorphism. In the last section, we describe a new modeling strategy based on iterative thermodynamic models, integrated with quantitative compositional mapping. This technique provides a powerful alternative to traditional modeling tools and permits use of local bulk compositions for testing the assumption of local equilibrium in rocks that were not fully re-equilibrated during their metamorphic history. We argue that this is the case for most natural samples, even at high-temperature conditions, and that this natural complexity must be taken into consideration when applying equilibrium models.
The Sensitivity of Core Heat Flux to the Modeling of Plate‐Like Surface Motion

The generation of a magnetic field and the presence of tectonic plates are fundamental aspects of Earth's evolution. Viable dynamic models of terrestrial mantle convection therefore require the existence of heat transport from the core and a surface characterized by piecewise uniform surface velocity domains (i.e., plates). To test the compatibility of these two requirements, we varied energy input, rheology, and compositional heterogeneity in more than 70 mantle convection simulations. Calculations are performed in a spherical annulus geometry. By systematic investigation, we demonstrate that Earth‐like core heat flux can be obtained with self‐consistent model plates. We find that, given an initial condition where model parameters are chosen to ensure a mobile surface, the mobility is not strongly influenced when H is varied by up to a factor of three. Consequently, in spherical models with steady core temperatures and internal heating rates, the latter quantity can be used to regulate core heat flow to fit within the bounds inferred for terrestrial values. In contrast, core heat flow is strongly sensitive to model yield stress. We systematically vary thermal viscosity contrast, an intrinsic depth‐dependent viscosity and the depth‐dependence of a stress‐dependent rheology and analyze how each factor affects both surface velocities and core heat flux. Finally, we show that the addition of an intrinsically dense component comprising 5% or less of the mantle volume does not affect surface mobility or plateness, although it can have a profound impact on heat loss from the core.
Assessing climatic and technological constraints to agricultural productivity in South Asia

This thesis comprises of four essays that seek to advance understanding of the role that climatic constraints have on agricultural productivity in India and Pakistan. This work emphasises that the constraints posed to agricultural production must be understood within the context of an evolving set of environmental and technological conditions. The thesis employs empirical methods to understand these relationships, where particular emphasis is placed on methods suitable for learning about the challenges agriculture will face in the future. The first chapter studies the impact of climate change on rice yields in India by modelling the inter-annual distribution of yield conditional on projected temperature increases. The results suggest a decrease in average yield and a substantial increase in the probability of low yields. It is also shown that yields have become increasingly resilient to heat over time. The second chapter studies the e↵ect of drought on cereal production in India by estimating thresholds of drought impact. By examining thresholds over time, evidence is found of decreasing average impacts, but with evidence of an abrupt increase in average drought impacts in more recent years. Thresholds of precipitation are also estimated, indicating substantial heterogeneity in resilience to drought across crop types and regions of India. The third chapter examines how changes in agricultural technology brought about by the Green Revolution a↵ected the relative importance of agro-climatic factors in determining crop yields. Using a detailed measure of crop suitability it is found that yields increased relatively more in areas of higher suitability, indicating complementarity between agricultural technologies and favourable agro-climatic characteristics. The final chapter uses farm-level data from a specifically-designed survey to assess the impact and determinants of climate change adaptation strategies on crop productivity in Pakistan. Adaptation has a beneficial e↵ect on rice yields, but not on wheat yields. This chapter also finds that a number of household and institutional factors are strongly related to whether households have adapted to climate change.
Research on a Sudden Explosion and its Environmental Impact

A sudden blast was chosen as the studied topic. Also, one computer based virtual experimentation was used to estimate the dimensional impact of initial pollutant plume from blasts. Self-made method using Mathcad code was used to generate the output for the period of the first tenth of a second (1deci-second) to 1minute (60s) of the blast at the point source. It also depicted long-range air pollution travel within the first 1 to 10 minutes. In the case study, it assumed an average directional diffusivity of 1720 m2s-1 which is about 25 per cent of the average generated speed of common explosives. The newly developed model revealed a plume cloud impact of 6.8×107µgm-3 in the first 1millisecond (0.01s) which decayed suddenly to a value of 1.7×107µgm-3 in the first 1decisecond (0.1s). The impact concentration at the point source by the end of the first second (1.0s) was 3.2×105µgm-3 which implied a 99.5% sudden decay when compared to 0.01s concentration value at the emission point source. Computerized experiments observed that air pollutants release from explosives/blasts were dispersed into the atmosphere in the first few seconds by forceful injection instead of by gradual dispersion as is the case with normal air pollutants plume releases.
Depth‐Dependent Permeability and Heat Output at Basalt‐Hosted Hydrothermal Systems Across Mid‐Ocean Ridge Spreading Rates

The permeability of the oceanic crust exerts a primary influence on the vigor of hydrothermal circulation at mid‐ocean ridges, but it is a difficult to measure parameter that varies with time, space, and geological setting. Here we develop an analytical model for the poroelastic response of hydrothermal exit‐fluid velocities and temperatures to ocean tidal loading in a two‐layered medium to constrain the discharge zone permeability of each layer. The top layer, corresponding to extrusive lithologies (e.g., seismic layer 2A) overlies a lower permeability layer, corresponding to intrusive lithologies (e.g., layer 2B). We apply the model to three basalt‐hosted hydrothermal fields (i.e., Lucky Strike, Main Endeavour and 9°46′N L‐vent) for which the seismic stratigraphy is well‐established, and for which robust exit‐fluid temperature data are available. We find that the poroelastic response to tidal loading is primarily controlled by layer 2A permeability, which is about 3 orders of magnitude higher for the Lucky Strike site (∼10−10 m2) than the 9°46′N L‐vent site (∼10−13 m2). By contrast, layer 2B permeability does not exert a strong control on the poroelastic response to tidal loading, yet strongly modulates the heat output of hydrothermal discharge zones. Taking these constraints into account, we estimate a plausible range of layer 2B permeability between ∼10−15 m2 and an upper‐bound value of ∼10−14 (9°46′N L‐vent) to ∼10−12 m2 (Lucky Strike). These permeability structures reconcile the short‐term response and long‐term thermal output of hydrothermal sites, and provide new insights into the links between permeability and tectono‐magmatic processes along the global mid‐ocean ridge.
Plant dispersal strategies of different ecological desert habitats of United Arab Emirates

Estudio de las estrategias de dispersion de las especies vegetales en diferentes habitats del desierto de los Emiratos Arabes Unidos. Se estudian las estrategias de dispersion de 307 especies y se relacionan con los principales caracteres funcionales relacionados con la supervivencia de especies en cinco ecosistemas aridos -deserticos. Se estudia la relacion entre la forma de crecimiento de las especies vegetales y la presencia de baco aereo de semillas. Se estudia el efecto de los regimenes de luz y temperatura que intervien en la dormancia y germinacion de Citrulus colocynthis, especie clave en el desierto de Arabia.
Estimación del drenaje y lavado de nitratos en un sistema de cultivo de cereal de invierno en condiciones de secano y clima mediterráneo húmedo

The objectives of this work were to analyze the effect on nitrate leaching of: i) nitrogen fertilizer rate, ii) fertilizer splitting, and iii) the use of a nitrogen controlled released fertilizer (ENTEC). To achieve our goal we established a factorial experiment in a completely randomised block design with four replications at the Experimental and Investigation Field of ETSIA (PamplonaNavarra). Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. var Soissons) was planted during the first year and winter barley (Hordeum vulgare L. var. Puffin) during the second. Nitrogen (N) crop demand was calculated as the product of expected yield (6 t ha) and a N coefficient extraction (wheat 30 kg N t and barley 26 kg N t). N reference dose was calculated as N crop demand minus soil mineral N (Nmin) at presidedress (0,6 m depth). Nitrate leaching (1m depth) was calculated as the product of daily drainage and nitrate concentration of soil solution at the same depth. Our results allowed us to distinguish three crop phases: i) Phase I: from seeding to GS25, with high risk of drainage and nitrate leaching, ii) Phase II: from GS25 to GS30, with low drainage and leaching, and iii) Phase III: from GS30 to harvest, when drainage and nitrate leaching were not relevant. Nitrate leaching in winter cereals under humid Mediterranean climate was mainly related to soil nitrate at planting, and to rainfall from planting to GS-25. Nitrogen fertilizer rate, N fertilizer splitting, and the use of controlled released fertilizer did not affect nitrate leaching. Application of N fertilizer at GS-25, and adjusting N fertilizer rate to available soil mineral N allowed to minimized nitrate leaching during the cropping season.
Comparing MTQE Scores with Fuzzy Match Percentages from CAT Tools

Due to the increasing integration of machine translation (MT) work-flows in the day-to-day operations of many LSPs around the world, the raw output quality is becoming one of the key elements to be considered during translation and localization tasks, as it has a direct influence on turn-around times and overall costs. One of the key factors in the use of machine translation quality estimation (MTQE) tools will be the possibility to create readable reports for all stakeholders within the localization workflow. In the following, a preliminary work on the analysis of MTQE scores and on the creation of such a report by comparing them with fuzzy match percentages from CAT tools will be illustrated.
Perspective of high school students in intergrated mathematics with technology post pandemic covid-19

The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the landscape of education around the world, including learning mathematics at the high school level. In response to the pandemic, many schools have adopted distance learning and integrated technology into the learning process. This study aims to analyze the perspectives of high school students in learning mathematics that is integrated with technology after the COVID-19 pandemic. In this context, we will explore students' understanding of the use of technology in learning mathematics, their attitudes towards the use of technology, and their views on the effectiveness of learning mathematics integrated with technology. The research method used in this study is a quantitative research method with the type of research used in this study is correlational. The results of this study are in line with the research objectives, namely to see whether there is an influence of students' perspectives on mathematics learning integrated with technology. The data shows that there is an influence between students' perspectives on learning mathematics that is integrated with technology.