Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact of secondary flow on the single-phase flow in spiral microchannels: An experimental study

Spiral microchannels have a wide range of applications, such as microscale cooling, fluid mixing and particle sorting, in micro-fluidic devices. The flow characteristics of spiral microchannels play an important role in the design and operation of these devices. An experimental study of the laminar flow characteristics in spiral microchannels is conducted for different Reynolds numbers from 51 to 985. Microchannels have rectangular cross sections and follow Archimedean spiral pathways with different spiral and cross-section parameters. The results show that the pressure drop of the spiral microchannel increases with increasing spiral diameter and aspect ratio, but decreases with spiral pitch and hydrodynamic diameter. In addition, the effect of the spiral and cross-section parameters on pressure drop is evident at the high Reynolds number. Under the influence of additional friction caused by the secondary flow, the friction factor of the spiral microchannel is higher than that of the straight channel, and its value increases with the increase in curvature of the microchannel. The correlation of the Poiseuille number in the spiral microchannel is established on the basis of the experimental results, and 95.3% of the experimental data fall within the error band of ±18%.
Graphs of bounded rank-width

We define rank-width of graphs to investigate clique-width. Rank-width is a complexity measure of decomposing a graph in a kind of tree-structure, called a rank-decomposition. We show that graphs have bounded rank-width if and only if they have bounded clique-width. It is unknown how to recognize graphs of clique-width at most k for fixed k > 3 in polynomial time. However, we find an algorithm recognizing graphs of rank-width at most k, by combining following three ingredients. First, we construct a polynomial-time algorithm, for fixed k , that confirms rank-width is larger than k or outputs a rank-decomposition of width at most f (k) for some function f. It was known that many hard graph problems have polynomial-time algorithms for graphs of bounded clique-width, however, requiring a given decomposition corresponding to clique-width (k-expression ); we remove this requirement. Second, we define graph vertex-minors which generalizes matroid minors, and prove that if {G1, G2,…} is an infinite sequence of graphs of bounded rank-width, then there exist i < j such that Gi is isomorphic to a vertex-minor of Gj. Consequently there is a finite list Ck of graphs such that a graph has rank-width at most k if and only if none of its vertex-minors are isomorphic to a graph in Ck . Finally we construct, for fixed graph H, a modulo-2 counting monadic second-order logic formula expressing a graph contains a vertex-minor isomorphic to H. It is known that such logic formulas are solvable in linear time on graphs of bounded clique-width if the k-expression is given as an input. Another open problem in the area of clique-width is Seese's conjecture; if a set of graphs have an algorithm to answer whether a given monadic second-order logic formula is true for all graphs in the set, then it has bounded rank-width. We prove a weaker statement; if the algorithm answers for all modulo-2 counting monadic second-order logic formulas, then the set has bounded rank-width.
Potential Molecular Mechanism of Guishen Huoxue Decoction against Intrauterine Adhesion Based on Network Pharmacology

Objective Intrauterine adhesion (IUA) represents an endometrial repair disorder that is associated with menstrual disorders, recurrent pregnancy loss, and infertility. This study aimed to explore the underlying biological mechanisms of Guishen Huoxue decoction for the treatment of IUA based on network pharmacology. Methods The selection of active compounds for Guishen Huoxue decoction and prediction of relevant targets were performed by the TCMSP and Swiss Target Prediction databases, respectively. The targets of IUA were obtained by three databases, including Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM), DisGeNET, and GeneCards. The drug-disease regulatory network was constructed via Cytoscape software, following the acquisition of common genes of active compounds of drug Guishen Huoxue decoction and disease IUA, which was carried out through Venny software. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and function enrichment analyses were performed. Results According to the data obtained from TCMSP, a total of 200 potential active compounds of Guishen Huoxue decoction and their related targets (1068) were screened by the Swiss Target Prediction database. 1303 disease targets and 134 common targets were identified. The drug-disease regulatory network showed that 165 active compounds were found to be involved in the treatment of IUA. Among 134 common targets, AKT1, SRC, TP53, VEGFA, and IL-6 were predicted as core genes against IUA. PI3K-Akt, Rap1, Ras, and AGE-RAGE were the main signaling pathways that participated in the treatment of Guishen Huoxue decoction for IUA. Conclusion The active compounds of Guishen Huoxue decoction confer therapeutic effects against IUA by regulating fibrosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress through major signaling pathways such as PI3K-Akt and AGE-RAGE.
The Role of the Equatorial Heat Sources in the Western Pacific Ocean on the Onset of the Asian Summe

The relationship between the development of the monsoon circulation and the equatorial heat sources is studied. He et al. (1987) showed that two transitions during the early stage of the monsoon of 1979, which correspond to the onset of monsoons over South-East Asia and India respectively, are characterized by the movements of the upper anticyclone over South Asia. The main purpose of our paper is to investigate what determines the behavior of the anticyclone. Gill (1980) with his linear shallow water equation model suggests that the monsoon circulation, including the upper anticyclone over South Asia, could be regarded as the Rossby wave response to the heating over the equatorial region. The intensified equatorial heating can generate the Rossby mode and intensify the anticyclone over South Asia. The eastward-moving mode with a 40 day period is clearly seen in the early summer of 1986 as well as in the season of 1979. Due to this mode, the moist convection over the Western Pacific and the maritime continents changes its intensity periodically. When the moist convection becomes active, the upper anticyclone over the South Asia is rapidly intensified. The behavior of the upper anticyclone in 1986 is similar to that in 1979. In order to confirm the relationship between the upper anticyclone and the equatorial heating, we perform prediction experiments, in which we can control the convective heating over the equatorial region, for two transition periods in 1986 using our nonlinear forecast model with full physics. The heat source, which is given over the domain from 30*S to 30*N and 90*E to 170*W, is estimated from the cloud top temperature measured by the GMS (Japanese Geostationary Meteorological Satellite). In these experiments, we can make sure that the equatorial heat source, away from the monsoon region, plays an important role in generating the anticyclone over South Asia at 200mb.
Agonistic responses to potential co‐foundresses in a cooperatively brooding quasi‐social parasitoid

Sociality is not common among parasitoid hymenopterans, but members of the ectoparasitoid genus Sclerodermus (in the aculeate family Bethylidae) may form multi‐foundress groups, producing and tending a single brood (of combined parentage) on a large host until offspring maturity. While individual foundresses can benefit more from reproducing within groups rather than alone, recent studies have indicated that there are conflicts of interest between co‐foundresses at the time of host suppression and during brood production, some of which may be mediated by intrinsic or acquired dominance. Evidence for overtly agonistic interactions has, however, been lacking. Here, we report that resident Sclerodermus guani Xiao et Wu females that have suppressed a host, can either accept introduced intruder females as co‐foundresses without aggression or repel, and even kill, intruders by biting and stinging them. Residents were more likely to exhibit aggression when they had commenced oviposition, when more days had passed since oviposition, when they were larger than the intruder, when the intruder was a non‐sibling, or when they were the sole resident rather than being in a group of two residents. We conclude that cooperatively brooding in Sclerodermus can be conditional on the evolutionary interests of foundresses with temporal priority on a host and their ability to repel potential co‐foundresses.
Future supply uncertainty in EOQ models

This article deals with an inventory problem where the supply is available only during an interval of (random) length X. The unavailability of supply lasts for a random duration Y. Using concepts from renewal theory, we construct an objective function (average cost/time) in terms of the order-quantity decision variable Q. We develop the individual cost components as order, holding, and shortage costs after introducing two important random variables. Due to the complexity of the objective function when X and Y are general random variables, we discuss two special cases and provide numerical examples with sensitivity analysis on the cost and noncost parameters. The article concludes with a discussion of the comparison of the current model with random yield and random lead-time models. Suggestions for further research are also provided.
Bohr's correspondence principle for atomic transport calculations

In this work we perform a comparison between Classical Molecular Static (CMS) and quantum Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations in order to obtain the diffusion coefficients for diluted \emph{Fe-Cr} alloys. We show that, in accordance with Bohr's correspondence principle, as the size of the atomic cell (total number of atoms) is increased, quantum results with DFT approach to the classical ones obtained with CMS. Quantum coherence effects play a crucial role in the difference arising between CMS and DFT calculations. Also, thermal contact with the environment destroys quantum coherent effects making the classical behavior to emerge. Indeed, CMS calculations are in good agreement with available experimental data. We claim that, the atomic diffusion process in metals is a classical phenomena. Then, if reliable semi empirical potentials are available, a classical treatment of the atomic transport in metals is much convenient than DFT.
Effect of calcium hypochlorite as a source of hypochlorous acid in ameliorating cyclophosphamide-induced pulmonary and cardiac injury in mice

: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is recognized to be accompanied by severe lung and heart complications. This study aimed to demonstrate the efficacy of Calcium hypochlorite in cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced pulmonary and cardiac injury in mice. The CP-induced toxicity in the lung and heart is like that caused by ARDS. Calcium hypochlorite significantly attenuated doth lung and heart functionality and significantly reduced the CP-induced perivascular inflammation, congestion of blood vessels, and severe morphological changes of the alveolar wall. It also exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects on CP-induced pulmonary and heart toxicity. Given these results, calcium hypochlorite successfully ameliorates ARDS symptoms rendering calcium hypochlorite to be a promising agent to be tested in models of pneumonia caused by bacterial or viral infections, including those of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). hypochlorous acid (HOCl), inflammatory response, oxidative stress biomarkers.
Impact of Exchange Rate Volatility on International Trade: A Bibliometric Review

: Using the Scopus database from 1975 to 2022, we conduct a bibliometric analysis of how the exchange rate changes affect international trade. We use the VOSviewer software to analyze authors' keywords, co-citation, and bibliographic coupling and the Gephi software to visualize the network maps. We outline the most productive and influential authors, articles, journals, countries, and organizations. Concomitantly, we examine four clusters of the bibliometric coupling of documents and present similar themes based on co-occurrences of authors' keywords. The bibliographic coupling of the countries reveals their intellectual affiliation among them. Further, co-citation analyses of the journals and authors expose their close connection.
Nonanalyticities of the entropy induced by saddle points of the potential energy landscape

The relation between saddle points of the potential of a classical many-particle system and the analyticity properties of its Boltzmann entropy is studied. For finite systems, each saddle point is found to cause a nonanalyticity in the Boltzmann entropy, and the functional form of this nonanalytic term is derived for the generic case of potentials having the Morse property. With increasing system size the order of the nonanalytic term grows unboundedly, leading to an increasing differentiability of the entropy. Nonetheless, a distribution of an unboundedly growing number of saddle points may cause a phase transition in the thermodynamic limit. Analysing the contribution of the saddle points to the density of states in the thermodynamic limit, conditions on the distribution of saddle points and their curvatures are derived which are necessary for a phase transition to occur. With these results, the puzzling absence of topological signatures in the spherical model is elucidated. As further applications, the phase transitions of the mean-field XY model and the mean-field k-trigonometric model are shown to be induced by saddle points of vanishing curvature.
Acute kidney injury and electrolyte disorders in COVID-19

Acute kidney injury (AKI) and electrolyte disorders are important complications of hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. AKI is thought to occur due to multiple pathophysiological mechanisms, such as multiple organ dysfunction (mainly cardiac and respiratory), direct viral entry in the renal tubules, and cytokine release syndrome. AKI is present in approximately one in every ten hospitalized COVID-19 patients. The incidence rates of AKI increase in patients who are admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), with levels higher than 50%. Additionally, renal replacement therapy (RRT) is used in 7% of all AKI cases, but in nearly 20% of patients admitted to an ICU. COVID-19 patients with AKI are considered moderate-to-severe cases and are managed with multiple interdisciplinary conducts. AKI acts as a risk factor for mortality in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, especially when RRT is needed. Electrolyte disorders are also common manifestations in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, mainly hyponatremia, hypokalemia, and hypocalcemia. Hyponatremia occurs due to a combination of syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone and gastrointestinal fluid loss from vomiting and diarrhea. When it comes to hypokalemia, its mechanism is not fully understood but may derive from hyperaldosteronism due to renin angiotensin aldosterone system overstimulation and gastrointestinal fluid loss as well. The clinical features of hypokalemia in COVID-19 are similar to those in other conditions. Hypocalcemia is the most common electrolyte disorder in COVID-19 and seems to occur because of vitamin D deficiency and parathyroid imbalance. It is also highly associated with longer hospital and ICU stay.
Effect of Cyclic Loading and Unloading on the Deformation and Damage Properties of Sandstone from Beizao, a Coal Mine underneath the Bohai Sea in China

Mining under the sea is a challenging task in China. Affected by blasting, tunneling, and other engineering disturbance, surrounding rock is often in a state of cyclic loading and unloading stress. In this study, in order to investigate the effect of cyclic loading and unloading on the deformation and damage characteristics of sandstone underneath the Bohai Sea, the GCTS test machine is used to conduct cyclic loading and unloading tests on sandstone. The results show that under cyclic loading and unloading compression, the stress-strain curves of sandstone form a hysteresis loop. The axial residual deformation first decreases, then increases with the increase of cycle number and unloading stress level. Both the circumferential residual strain and volumetric residual strain decrease with the increase of cycle number and unloading stress level. The axial elastic deformation increases with the increase of the cyclic number and cyclic load. The volume deformation first increases, then decreases, and the circumferential strain gradually decreases. In the process of cyclic loading and unloading, the loading elastic modulus gradually increases. Affected by damage, the unloading stress difference of sandstone initially increases with the increase of cycles. Next, the effects of cycle number and unloading stress level on the damage parameters of sandstone are analyzed. Before brittle failure of the specimen, the absolute damage parameters of axial, circumferential, and volume show an increasing trend, and the increase rates of circumferential damage parameters and volume damage parameters suddenly increase, which is also the precursor of the sandstone specimen’s instability failure.
Sobre um método assemelhado ao de Francis para a determinação de autovalores de matrizes

The main purpose of this work is to presente, to discuss the qualities and performance and to prove the convergence of an iterative method for the numerical solution of the eigenvalue problem, that we have called the ”Metodo Assemelhado ao de Francis (MAF) . This method differs from the QR method of Francis by providing a simpler and faster technique of getting the unitary matrices Qk, k = 1, 2, . We present, also, a comparison analises between the MAF and the QR of Francis and LR of Rutishauser algorithms.
On the thermoelastic problem of uniform heat flow disturbed by a circular rigid lamellate inclusion

A complete solution in elementary functions is given for the three-dimensional thermoelastic ﬁeld in an elastic space, containing an absolutely rigid circular inclusion (anticrack) under a normally incident uniform heat ﬂow. The inclusion is assumed to be slightly conducting, with a certain thermal resistance. The analysis is based on the potential theory method. The resulting boundary-value problems are reduced to classical mixed problems of the potential theory. The temperature, ﬂuxes, thermal stresses and displacements in the inclusion plane are given in closed forms and interpreted from the point of view of the failure theory.
PBPK: Integrating In Vitro and In Silico Data in Physiologically Based Models

To assist with interpretation of drug pharmacokinetics (PK) in animals and humans, AU: Your article has been copyedited to be consistent with the style and usage of the rest of the volume. The chapter number was adjusted as well to be in line with some adjustments made to the volume. modeling is often applied to drug concentration data obtained after intravenous or oral dosing. Usually the measurements consist of concentrations determined in plasma samples taken at different time points and a commonly used model takes the form of a sum of exponential functions where parameters are adjusted to fit the observed concentration versus time profiles. Such a model can be represented as Eq. 9.1:
KOLLECTOR: Performance Evaluation of Several Classification Models for Fraudulent Activities on Mobile Devices

ABSTRACT Preventing privacy and personal information leaks has become a difficult job as smartphone usage has grown quickly. Impersonation is one of the main effects of such leaks. Due to the inability of current preventative measures (such as passcodes and fingerprints) to continually monitor usage and determine if a user is permitted, this kind of unlawful usage is practically hard to stop. Unauthorized users would have complete access to the devices after they were able to circumvent the first security measures, including utilising passwords they had previously stored to get into valuable websites. We introduce KOLLECTOR, a brand-new framework for detecting impersonation that uses a multi-view bagging deep learning method to gather data on successive tapping on a smartphone's keyboard. For continuous user authentication while typing, we build a sequential-tapping biometrics model. We assessed statistically. The results of our comparison between our model and widely established shallow machine techniques show that our system outperforms other methods and can reach an 8.42% equal error rate, a 94.24% accuracy, and a 94.41% H-mean using only the accelerometer and five keyboard taps. We also test the method with only three keyboard taps and discover that it still produces excellent accuracy while providing more possibilities to make more decisions that might lead to more accurate final judgments.
Multi-Resonator-Assisted Multi-Qubit Resetting in a Network

We propose a quantum bath engineering method for the initialization of arbitrary number of flux-tunable transmon qubits with a multi-resonator circuit quantum electrodynamics (QED) architecture. Through the application of the microwave drives, we can prepare any number of qubits distributed among the network into arbitrary initial states (on the Bloch sphere surface). Taking into account the practically experimental parameters, we verify that the initialization process could be achieved in $1 \mu s$ with the fidelity in excess of 99\%. Moreover, due to the special structure of the circuit network, the initialization efficiency is independent on the number of (ideal, provided) qubits, as only a definite number of bosonic modes are involved in despite of the increasing number of the qubits to be initialized.
Solid Self Emulsifying Drug Delivery System: A Novel Approach in Solubility and Bioavailability Enhancement of Poorly Soluble Drugs

: Low aqueous solubility and oral bioavailability is a main concern for the formulation research scientist in the field of modern drug delivery system. In recent years much more attention has been focused on the development of self-emulsifying drug delivery system which is one of the most promising approaches to improve the bioavailability of hydrophobic drugs. The SEDDS is isotropic mixture of drug, oil, surfactants, co surfactants form emulsion on mixing with water with energy. This conventional SEDDS prepared in the form of liquid and semisolid which can offer some demerits. So Solid self-emulsifying drug delivery system (S-SEDDS) which is formulated by solidification of liquid and semisolid self-emulsifying ingredients into various solid dosage form such as powders, tablet, capsule, solid dispersion etc. by various methods such as melt granulation, melt extrusion, spray drying, adsorption to solid carriers. The review presents in this article provides an updated knowledge of the recent trends in S-SEDDS with related to the selection of the ingredients, dosage form developments, solidification methods associated with problems and their remedies, evaluation and their application. Finally, the present problems and the possible future investigation in this field is pointed out in this review article.