Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dysmenorrhea and associated symptoms in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Introduction: Dysmenorrhea is the most common gynecologic compliant and reproductive health problem among adolescents, young, and reproductive age group. Dysmenorrhea has psychological, physical, and behavioral impact on adolescent girls in different regions. Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the overall prevalence of dysmenorrhea, its pain intensity and associated symptoms in Ethiopia and compare with other countries. Methods: Literatures from PubMed, MEDLINE, EMABSE, CINHAL, SCOPUS, Hinari, Africa journals, and Google scholar were retrieved. Eligible cross-sectional studies were included for meta-analysis. I2 statistics was calculated to check heterogeneity. Subgroup analysis based on outcome of interest was performed. Sensitivity analysis was undertaken to examine the level of heterogeneity. Results: The prevalence of overall and primary dysmenorrhea in Ethiopia was 72% (95%CI 68–77) and 72.27% (95%CI 69.8–75.33) respectively. Back pain 56.62% (95%CI 46.68–66.57) and fatigue 51.51% (95%CI 40.08–62.94) were more common than headache 29.15% (95%CI 18.16–40.14) whereas moderate pain 41.03% (95%CI 33.98–48.07) was more common than mild 31.83% (95%CI 21.61–42.05) and severe pain intensity 21.57% (95%CI 14.24–28.89). The prevalence between small and large samples, Northern and South/West Ethiopia, and school girls and university students were nearly similar. Positive family history (OR = 4.05; 95%CI 3.15–5.20), early menarche (OR = 2.91; 95%CI 2.00–4.24) and irregular monthly menstrual cycle (OR = 1.87, 95%CI 1.23–2.84) were the predictors of dysmenorrhea. Conclusion: Compared with other countries, the prevalence of dysmenorrhea in Ethiopia is moderate, presenting as mainly back pain and fatigue with moderate pain intensity. Positive family history, early menarche, and irregular menstrual cycle are the positive contributing factors.
A practical approach with drones, smartphones, and tracking tags for potential real-time animal tracking

Abstract Drones are increasingly used for fauna monitoring and wildlife tracking; however, their application for wildlife tracking is restricted by developing such systems. Here we explore the potential of drones for wildlife tracking using an off-the-shelf system that is easy to use by non-specialists consisting of a multirotor drone, smartphones, and commercial tracking devices via Bluetooth and Ultra-Wide Band (UWB). We present the system configuration, explore the operational parameters that can affect detection capabilities, and test the effectiveness of the system for locating targets by simulating target animals in savanna and forest environments. The self-contained tracking system was built without hardware or software customization. In 40 tracking flights carried out in the Brazilian Cerrado, we obtained a detection rate of 90% in savanna and 40% in forest areas. Tests for targets in movement (N = 20), the detection rates were 90% in the savanna and 30% in the forest areas. The spatial accuracy obtained by the system was 14.61 m, being significantly more accurate in savanna (x¯= 10.53) than in forest areas (x¯ = 13.06). This approach to wildlife tracking facilitates the use of drones by non-specialists at an affordable cost for conservation projects with limited resources. The reduced size of the tags, the long battery life, and the lower cost compared to GPS-tags open up a range of opportunities for animal tracking.
Photonic Spectrum Analyzer for Wireless Signals in the THz Range

We present an ultra-broadband and inexpensive photonic spectrum analyzer (PSA) for wireless signals with a frequency coverage from the microwave range till deep into the terahertz range. The difference frequency of two continuous-wave laser diodes works as the local oscillator frequency and a photoconductive antenna downconverts a signal under test with the aid of the optical local oscillator. With this approach we achieve a frequency coverage from less than 25 GHz to more than 1.25 THz, mostly limited by the tuning range of the lasers. No component of our spectrum analyzer needs to be interchanged in order to achieve the full tuning range, which makes our spectrum analyzer a fraction of the cost of an electronic spectrum analyzer that requires several extension modules for covering a similar frequency range. The system offers a minimum resolution bandwidth of 1.2 MHz at a displayed average noise level (DANL) as low as −113.8 dBm/Hz at 100 GHz or as low as −88.2 dBm/Hz at 1050 GHz.
EMOTION REGULATION STRATEGY USE OF YOUNG ADULTS AND THEIR CAREGIVERS: A QUALITATIVE INQUIRY

How emotions are regulated is significant to an individual's functioning. It is known that there is an association between individuals’ emotion regulation and how and to what extent their caregivers regulate their own emotions. However, research on how young adults describe emotion regulation strategies of themselves and their caregivers and how they reflect on the contributing factors to their emotion regulation processes is scarce. Therefore, in this study, it was aimed to examine the ideas of young adults on their emotion regulation, on their caregivers' use of regulation strategies, and on the factors that affect their emotion regulation. Accordingly, information about emotion regulation processes of 14 participants was gathered through semi-structured in-depth interviews and online diaries applied every other day for two weeks after the interviews. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. It is comprehended that emotion regulation strategies of young adults and their caregivers show similarities. The strategies are grouped into three main themes which are strategies based on mental processes, interaction, and exposure. According to the diaries, strategies based on exposure are used most frequently in daily life, which was followed by strategies based on interaction and based on mental processes. As a result of the analysis, it was also observed that the participants defined complicated emotion regulation processes and they thought that their emotion regulation was influenced by many factors. Some strategies (e.g., suppression) differed from the definitions in the literature, and it was understood that factors such as being functional or non-functional and relational consequences of the method could play a role in the emotion regulation process, in addition to caregivers. Keywords Emotion, emotion regulation strategies, early adulthood, caregivers, thematic analysis
A metaprotocol-based Internet of Things architecture

In this paper we propose a metaprotocol-based architecture for the Internet of Things. The metaprotocol defines the message content, but it uses existing communication protocols and the forwarding capabilities of nodes that support this metaprotocol. Such nodes are described with a model that is demonstrated with a prototype middleware implementation. The behaviour of non-trivial nodes is defined with rules that specify actions for various events, including forwarding of received messages. In this way, a dynamic overlay network can be created with various possibilities of interconnecting and various node roles. Regardless of the roles a node possesses, communication with other nodes in this architecture is based on the same metaprotocol. The metaprotocol is based on SQL operations, which allows maximum flexibility in the design of a specific system. On the other hand, the proposed message encoding and the dependence on the underlying transmission protocols allow the creation of very short and simple messages, so that even the most resource-constrained devices can be included in such a system. A comparison with similar architectures shows the expected advantages of the proposed architecture when most resource-constrained nodes are used and when an arbitrary network configuration is required, different from the standard layered thing-gateway-server configuration.
A Comprehensive Analysis of Wireless Charging Systems for Electric Vehicles

In the coming years, major transportation sectors will be electrified, in which more accessible and easy solutions for charging Electric Vehicles (EVs) become vital. Wireless charging is considered one of the best and easiest methods to charge EVs anywhere, even during the driving of cars. To get accurate charging power rates while charging wirelessly, advanced mathematical models are needed to accurately present the charging power. Such models must take into consideration all the coils parameters, shapes, the used compensation topology, and if the system is static or dynamic. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the wireless charging systems adapted for EVs by stating the most common charging topologies, and architectures, and by concentrating on the corresponding mathematical models used to calculate the given electrical power as a function of the EV’s situation on streets and its speed. Then, it is possible to evaluate the EV autonomy, and an accurate approximation can be determined when EV is on a wireless charging road. Even with the citation and comparison between the two studied models, this paper opens some perspectives for energy transmitter tools and tries to explain how renewable energy can help the deployment of this technology.
Testing the Shielding Effect of Intergenerational Contact against Ageism in the Workplace: A Canadian Study

Negative outcomes of ageism in the context of the Canadian labor market are well documented. Older workers remain the target of age-based stereotypes and attitudes on the part of employers. This study aims at assessing (1) the extent to which quality and quantity intergroup contacts between younger and older workers as well as knowledge-sharing practices reduce ageist attitudes, in turn (2) how a decrease in ageist attitudes increase the level of workers’ engagement and intentions to remain in the organization. Data were collected from 603 Canadian workers (aged 18 to 68 years old) from private and public organizations using an online survey measuring concepts under study. Results of a path analysis suggest that intergroup contacts and knowledge-sharing practices are associated with positive attitudes about older workers. More so, positive attitudes about older workers generate higher levels of work engagement, which in turn are associated with stronger intentions to remain with the organization. However, positive attitudes about older workers had no effect on intentions to remain in the workplace. Results are discussed in light of the intergroup contact theory.
A Survey of Vehicular Network Systems for Road Traffic Management

In this survey, we analyze the proposals of vehicular communication systems in the context of road traffic management. Starting with the definition of communications between vehicles (V2V), vehicles-to-infrastructure (V2I) and vehicles-to-everything (V2X), we first focus on the requirements and current standards for the Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS), including the maximum communication delay, the communication range and the size of messages (in the case of V2I transmission). After that, we analyze the use cases in line with the implementation of intelligent traffic management and review the respective methods that support or directly manage traffic on roads. One of the primary objectives of this paper is to highlight the architectures of four classes of systems able to support vehicular traffic management and communication between vehicles and roadside infrastructure, namely: vehicular cloud computing (VCC), cloudlets, Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) and fog computing. In this context, we also present our classification of the methods for these four classes of architectures. In the end, we provide our opinion on problems and limitations concerning the deployment of mechanisms belonging to each considered architecture class.
Robust design and evaluation of a novel modular origami-enabled mobile robot (OSCAR)

This paper presents critical design modifications for an Origami-enabled Soft Crawling Autonomous Robot (OSCAR). OSCAR';s upgraded design mitigates motion uncertainties, which often plague soft robots. More specifically, we present a design that mitigates motion uncertainties caused by the feet';s interaction with the ground and uncertainties in the assembly procedures and actuators'; control. The new design has a robust and repeatable locomotion cycle that reaches more than 95% of its ideal, analytically predicted locomotion cycle. OSCAR';s performance is experimentally validated using two case studies, namely navigation in a 2D environment with static obstacles and coupled locomotion of two docked OSCAR segments. Results from the first case study demonstrate OSCAR';s accurate and robust path following performance across multiple trials and experiments. Results from the second case study show the successful and repeatable earthworm-inspired locomotion of two docked OSCAR segments. The second case study demonstrates OSCAR';s modular design. OSCAR';s modified design, along with the reduced motion uncertainty, allows for operation where individual segments can operate alone or while docked to other segments. The repeatable and modular OSCAR design presented in this study expands the operational envelope for origami-enabled robots and allows their deployment in various applications.
Trial by Fire: Beginning the Game Designer's Journey

Today's college student is accustomed to receiving a multimedia-rich flood of information. Students often share a game-based culture and prefer activities that are stimulating, engaging and fun. As we compete for the attention of our learners, we see a rise in the use of educational games to attract our students to the online course platform. This paper discusses educational game design issues and offers an introduction to game styles.
Freechains: Disseminação de Conteúdo Peer-to-Peer

O Freechains é um sistema peer-to-peer de disseminação de mensagens por tópicos através do padrão publish-subscribe. As postagens são estruturadas em um grafo direcionado acíclico criptográfico que é imune a modificações (Merkle DAG). O grafo é disseminado par a par na rede por gossip de maneira não estruturada. O Freechains suporta múltiplos arranjos de disseminação pública e privada entre grupos e indivíduos, sendo possível modelar desde conversas privadas por e-mail, até debates entre desconhecidos em fóruns públicos. Cada tópico público conta com um sistema descentralizado de reputação para combater abusos, tais como SPAM e notícias falsas.
Linguagens visuais para o ensino de programação: uma revisão da literatura com foco em paradigmas de programação

As primeiras experiências com programação determinam a atitude desenvolvida pelos aprendizes com relação ao assunto. Frustrações e dificuldades levam à desilusão com a área de Computação para estudantes do Ensino Básico e à retenção de alunos nos primeiros semestres do ensino superior. Uma das dificuldades enfrentadas é o foco em aspectos operacionais da solução de problemas, gerando excessivo esforço na correção de erros de sintaxe e menor atenção no problema a resolver. Linguagens visuais são atrativas devido ao seu aspecto lúdico e aos ambientes de desenvolvimento que facilitam a composição de operadores, estruturas e código. Este trabalho investiga, por meio do método de revisão sistemática da literatura, as linguagens visuais usadas para ensino de programação, com foco no paradigma de programação subjacente, que determina a forma de pensar e implementar a solução de um problema. A revisão mostrou a dominância do paradigma imperativo, decisão de projeto de linguagem que tem impacto tanto na forma como os programas são pensados e construídos quanto na atitude desenvolvida pelos estudantes a respeito da programação.
Do ownership structure and corporate governance mechanisms affect dividend payouts? Evidence from Indonesia

This research aims to show how ownership structure and corporate governance mechanisms influence the dividend policies of nonfinancial companies listed on the Kompas 100 index from 2015–2018. The independent variables are foreign ownership, insider ownership, board independence, board intensity, and board size; the dependent variables are dividend policy measured with dividend payout ratio (DPR), dividend yield (DY), and dividends to total assets (DTA). Six control variables were also considered: leverage, volatility (risk), asset tangibility, age, sales growth, and profitability based on annual data and reports from non-financial registered companies listed on the Kompas 100 Period Stocks Index from 2015–2018 (180 observations). Purposive sampling with balanced panel data was used. The model used in this research is a data panel with a fixed-effect model; random effect model approaches were also utilized. The results show that foreign ownership, insider ownership, board independence, board intensity, and board size do not significantly affect dividend policy, except board intensity significantly affects dividend payout ratio.
DetectionOf genesResponsible for BiofilmsFormedby Klebsiella pneumoniaeandEsherichia coliand their effect on innate immunity

Biofilms as a major virulence factor of bacteria ,therelationship between bacteria persistence in the urinary tract and genes responsible for biofilms production was studied. The aim is to detect the presence,frequency of the,fimA, fimH, mrkA and mrkD, genes and biofilms production in two species isolated from UTI patients and their effect on some innate immunity aspects. Sixty five isolates of E.coli and fifty of K.pneumoniae isolates were collected. All isolates were initially diagnosed as genus Esherichiacoli andKlebsiella pneumonia. Final identification for the isolates was done by Vitek 2 compact system. The ability to form biofilm was carried out by using Tissue culture plate method (TCP). Adhesion average to epithelial cells of E.coli and K.pneumoniae was studied. Detection of genes were done to by using PCR technique . Immunological experiments were done by using bactericidal activity and opsonization factor. UTI infection were more common in female than male. 75% (49/65) females, 25%(16/65) males ofE.coli isolates and 88% (44/50) females,12%(6/50) males of K.pneumoniaeisolates. Patients ages in children between (2 months -18years) in UTI caused by E.coli was 35%(23/65) while in k.pneumoniae was 74%(37/50),Ages between (18 years-50 years) in E.coli was 37%(24/65) while in K.pneumoniae was 18%(9/50) finally,Ages between (50 years-72years) in E.coli was 28%(18/65) while in K.pneumoniae was 8%(4/50). 69% of E.coli isolates and 72% of k.pneumoniae isolates were higher biofilm producers. Adhesion average to epithial cells of E.coli and K.pneumoniae was 42.9% and 44% respectively. Both E.coli and K.pneumoniae showed that 100% 0f the 12 isolate harbored the fimA, fimH, mrkA and mrkD genes. The bactericidal average was higher in E.coli than K.pneumoniae , P- value( 0.01) for mice injected with fimbriae, Opsonization factor was higher in E.coli than K.pneumoniae the P value (0.05) . Conclusion: A strong relationship between biofilms production and presence of genes of different species isolated from same clinical source that has effected on resistance of bacteria to innate immunity.
A High Voltage Driving Chiplet in Standard 0.18-μm CMOS for Micro-Pixelated LED Displays Integrated With LTPS TFTs

This paper presents a high-voltage emission driver chiplet for inorganic micro-pixelated light-emitting-diode (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>LED) displays in a standard 0.18-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> CMOS technology. Different from the conventional driving scheme of the active-matrix organic light-emitting-diode display, which places the scan drivers and emission drivers at the panel bezels, the CMOS driver chiplets are proposed to sit on the glass substrate among <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>LEDs. The high-voltage swing buffers in the CMOS chiplet are used to drive the low-temperature poly-silicon thin-film transistors on glass backplane to enable the emission control of 300 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>LEDs. A single CMOS chiplet has 20 output channels, each offering 16M-color depth with 256 grey levels realized by an 8-bit digital-to-analog converter. The maximum channel current is 247 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{A}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and the TFT-gate-driving voltage is 15 V.
Strategies to functionalize extracellular vesicles against HER2 for anticancer activity

Cell-secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membranous particles highly heterogeneous in size and molecular cargo. Comprehensively, released EV sub-populations can show a wide range and selection of different protein, RNA, and lipid species, complementing cell communication signals. Recently, EVs represent a new source for developing targeted delivery systems. EVs are stable in biofluids, intrinsically biocompatible with low immunogenicity, and capable of transferring cargo molecules into “recipient” cells. The immune-mediated recognition represents a popular approach to functionalize and direct EVs towards receptor-positive cell populations. The human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2, also known as neu or ERBB2) is a tyrosine kinase of clinical relevance, targeted by several available antibodies, and a model receptor used to test the biodistribution and anticancer activity of bioformulations, including EVs. Here, we focus on recent strategies adopted for EV functionalization with fusion ligands able to recognize HER2, covering the enhanced expression of membrane-fusion proteins in “EV-donor” cells as well as post-isolation EV-surface modifications.
CT and MRI Based Gross Tumor Volume Comparison in Pharyngeal and Laryngeal Carcinoma

Background: Different other imaging modalities help in accurate gross tumor volume delineation. Studies have shown conflicting results for intermodality GTV comparison. Since in our institute we routinely take planning CT and planning MRI for laryngeal and pharyngeal tumors treated with definitive radiotherapy, with this study we intent to compare the gross tumor volume (GTV) with these modalities in these tumors. Materials & Methods: Study population included pharyngeal and laryngeal carcinoma patients treated. Planning CT and planning MRI images of these patients were retrieved. Gross tumor volume (GTV) was delineated by a Radiation Oncologist in both these image sets and GTVs were documented. Results: Out of 87 patients analysed, the overall median GTV with planning CT and planning MRI were 20.4 cc & 18.2 cc respectively. Median GTV with planning CT & MRI for different sites like Nasopharynx, Oropharynx, Larynx and Hypopharynx were 32.85 & 27.75 cc, 22.1 & 20.9 cc, 8.25 & 10.35cc and 20.55 & 20.6 cc respectively with no statistically significant difference. Median GTVs with CT & MRI for different primary tumor stages like T2, T3, T4a, T4b were 14.3 & 14.3 cc, 20.45 & 19 cc, 16.55 & 27.45 cc and 50.75 & 52.4 cc respectively. Analysis showed 94.6 % correlation between GTVs with CT & MRI. Conclusion: This study showed comparable median GTVs with planning CT & MRI for pharyngeal and laryngeal carcinomas. Subset analysis did not show any significant difference in GTVs with two modalities for different primary tumor site. As expected there was good correlation between GTVs of two modalities. Even though the results does not show significant intermodality variation for GTV delineation. With the results of this study we cannot question the use of multiple modalities for GTV delineation as subtle variation in GTV can result in differences in target volumes resulting in differences in toxicity profile.