Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
eural mechanisms of attentional shifts due to irrelevant spatial and umerical cues

Studies of endogenous (cue-directed) attention have traditionally assumed that such shifts must be volitional. However, recent behavioural experiments have shown that participants make automatic endogenous shifts of attention when presented with symbolic cues that are systematically associated with particular spatial directions, such as arrows and numerals, even when such cues were not behaviourally relevant. Here we used event-related potentials (ERPs) to test whether these automatic
Implications of the RhoA/Rho associated kinase pathway and leptin in primary uterine inertia in the dog

The underlying functional and molecular changes in canine primary uterine inertia (PUI) are still not clarified. Leptin (Lep) and obesity negatively affect uterine contractility in women, partly mediated by the RhoA/Rho associated kinase pathway, affecting myometrial calcium sensitization. We hypothesized that increased uterine Lep/Lep receptor (LepR) or decreased RhoA/Rho associated kinase expression contributes to PUI in dogs, independent of obesity. Dogs presented for dystocia were grouped into PUI (n = 11) or obstructive dystocia (OD, still showing strong labor contractions; n = 7). Interplacental full-thickness uterine biopsies were collected during Cesarean section for relative gene expression (RGE) of RhoA, its effector kinases (ROCK1, ROCK2), Lep and LepR by qPCR. Protein and/or mRNA expression and localization was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. RGE was compared between groups by one-way ANOVA using body weight as covariate with statistical significance at P < 0.05. Uterine ROCK1 and ROCK2 gene expression was significantly higher in PUI than OD, while RhoA and Lep did not differ. LepR RGE was below the detection limit in five PUI and all OD dogs. Litter size had no influence. Lep, LepR, RhoA, ROCK1, ROCK2 protein and/or mRNA were localized in the myometrium and endometrium. Uterine protein expression appeared similar between groups. LepR mRNA signals appeared stronger in PUI than OD. In conclusion, lasting, strong labor contractions in OD likely resulted in downregulation of uterine ROCK1 and ROCK2, contrasting the higher expression in PUI dogs with insufficient contractions. The Lep-LepR system may affect uterine contractility in non-obese PUI dogs in a paracrine-autocrine manner.
Visualizing the Dynamics of London's Bicycle-Hire Scheme

Abstract Visualizing flows between origins and destinations can be straightforward when dealing with small numbers of journeys or simple geographies. Lines embedded in geographic space have commonly been used in mapping transport flows, especially when geographic patterns are important, as they are when characterizing cities or managing transportation. For larger numbers of flows, however, this approach requires careful design to avoid problems of occlusion, salience bias, and information overload. Driven by the requirements identified by users and managers of the London Bicycle Hire scheme, we present three methods of representation of bicycle-hire use and travel patterns. Flow maps with curved flow symbols are used to show overviews in flow structures. Gridded views of docking-station locations that preserve geographic relationships are used to explore docking-station status over space and time in a graphically efficient manner. Origin–Destination maps that visualize the OD matrix directly while maintai.
WORKING PAPER SERIES THE DETERMINANTS OF MISMATCH BETWEEN STUDENTS AND COLLEGES

We use the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 cohort to examine mismatch between student ability and college quality. Mismatch has implications for the design of state higher education systems and for student aid policy. The data indicate substantial amounts of both undermatch (high ability students at low quality colleges) and overmatch (low ability students at high quality colleges). Student application and enrollment decisions, rather than college admission decisions, drive most mismatch. Financial constraints, information, and the public college options facing each student all affect the probability of mismatch. More informed students attend higher quality colleges, even when doing so involves overmatching. Eleanor Wiske Dillon Department of Economics W.P. Carey School of Business Arizona State University 501 E. Orange Street Tempe, AZ 85287-9801 ewdillon@asu.edu Jeffrey Andrew Smith Department of Economics University of Michigan 238 Lorch Hall 611 Tappan Street Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1220 and NBER econjeff@umich.edu An online appendix is available at: http://www.nber. org/data-appendix/w19286
Journal of Reproduction and Development

Chromium in its trivalent form (chromium (III)) is an essential component of a balanced diet, and its deficiency disturbs glucose and lipid metabolism in humans and animals. The prevailing view is that chromium (III) is notably less toxic than chromium (VI), which is genotoxic and carcinogenic. Thus, the biotransformation of environmental chromium (VI) to chromium (III) is a promising and environmentally friendly detoxification method. However, increasing evidence suggests that chromium (III) induces considerable cytotoxicity. However, the toxicity of chromium (III) to early embryos remains largely unknown. In the present study, we used in vitro fertilization (IVF) to produce mouse embryos and identified the direct embryotoxicity of chromium (III). On exposure to high concentrations of CrCl3, blastocyst formation almost completely failed and a large proportion of embryos were arrested at the 2to 4-cell stage. At low concentrations of CrCl3, IVF embryos showed a significant decrease in blastocyst formation, reduced total cell numbers, aberrant lineage differentiation, increased oxidative stress, and apoptosis. We also found that chromium (III) exposure during the preimplantation stage, even at low concentrations, led to impaired post-implantation development. Thus, our study substantiates the direct embryotoxicity of chromium (III) during preimplantation development and prolonged impairment of development potential. The results further highlight the potential adverse effects of chromium (III) on public reproductive health with respect to increased environmental enrichment of and dietary supplementation with chromium (III) complexes.
Journal of Reproduction and Development

Recently, the demand of transferable embryos in cattle industry is increasing, and the number of embryos produced in vitro is also increasing in the world. Although oocytes are collected from individual elite cattle by ovum-pick up (OPU) and used for in vitro production (IVP) of embryos, the cattle are mono-ovulatory animal. It means that most of oocytes collected from ovaries are destined to degenerate. To improve the IVP efficiency, we should predict the developmental competence of oocytes correctly and culture them by the suitable way. In addition, in vitro production of bovine oocytes by in vitro growth (IVG) culture system will become a candidate of supply source of oocytes for IVP. If we can produce high competent oocytes by IVG, IVP efficiency will be improved and the genetic improvement of cattle will be dramatically accelerated. In the review, I introduce our researches related to oocyte morphology, the developmental competence, and the production of oocytes having high developmental competence by IVG culture.
Competition

Competition has been modelled in the literature in a number of ways. What do these different parametrizations of competition have in common? For instance, it turns out that it is not always the case that a rise in competition reduces price cost margins, industry wide profits or concentration. All parametrizations of competition, considered here, have two features in common. First, the reallocation effect: a rise in competition raises the profits of a firm relative to the profits of a less efficient firm. Second, a rise in competition reduces the profits of the least efficient firm active in the industry.
Building Hierarchical Spatial Histograms for Exploratory Analysis in Array DBMS

SUMMARY As big data attracts attention in a variety of ﬁelds, research on data exploration for analyzing large-scale scientiﬁc data has gained popularity. To support exploratory analysis of scientiﬁc data, e ﬀ ective summarization and visualization of the target data as well as seamless cooperation with modern data management systems are in demand. In this paper, we focus on the exploration-based analysis of scientiﬁc array data, and deﬁne a spatial V-Optimal histogram to summarize it based on the notion of histograms in the database research area. We propose histogram construction approaches based on a general hierarchical partitioning as well as a more speciﬁc one, the l-grid partitioning , for e ﬀ ective and e ﬃ cient data visualization in scientiﬁc data analysis. In addition, we implement the proposed algorithms on the state-of-the-art array DBMS, which is appropriate to process and manage scientiﬁc data. Experiments are conducted using massive evacuation simulation data in tsunami disasters, real taxi data as well as synthetic data, to verify the e ﬀ ectiveness and e ﬃ ciency of our methods.
Label-free detection of fibrillar collagen deposition associated with vascular elements in glioblastoma multiforme by using multiphoton microscopy

L . W . J I A N G ∗,†, X . F . W A N G‡, Z . Y . W U §, P . H . L I N ∗, H . P . D U ∗, S . W A N G ∗, L . H . L I ∗, N . F A N G ∗, S . M . Z H U O ∗, D . Z . K A N G § & J . X . C H E N ∗ ∗Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China †Department of Physics, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li, Taiwan ‡Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China §Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
Bioleaching of a low grade sphalerite concentrate produced from flotation tailings

In this research work, the zinc extraction was investigated, using bioleaching process from a low grade zinc concentrate which was produced from the accumulated flotation tailings. Zinc content was initially upgraded to 11.97% by flotation process. Bioleaching experiments were designed and carried out by a mixed culture of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans, Leptospirilium ferrooxidans, as well as a mixed moderate thermophile bacteria in the shake flasks. Effect of two types bacteria, indigenous bacteria accompany by concentrate sample, and added mixture of bacteria were evaluated. The term of indigenous bacteria refers to the bacteria which initially exist in the natural concentrate sample. The results showed that more than 87% and 94% of Zn was dissolved in the bioleaching condition of mesophile and moderate thermophile bacteria, respectively. Comparing bioleaching and leaching tests indicated that mesophile bacteria improved Zn extraction 36%, in which contribution of concentrate indigenous bacteria (test condition of non-inoculation) and added mesophile mixed bacteria were equal to 34% and 66% of that improvement, respectively. In addition, moderate thermophile bacteria improved sphalerite leaching up to 38% in which contribution of concentrate indigenous bacteria and added moderate bacteria were about 50% separately.
Impact Factor : 3 . 785 ( ISRA ) , Impact Factor : 2 .

Vapour adsorption cooling system does not require the electric power or any other mechanical power for working. It uses waste heat from exhaust of automobile engine to power the adsorption cooling cycle to produce cooling effect. Parameters affecting the working of cooling cycle are discussed and working of experimental system with composite adsorbent and refrigerant pair is also discussed and studied in this review paper.
New discoveries of tetrapods (ichthyostegid‐like and whatcheeriid‐like) in the Famennian (Late Devonian) localities of Strud and Becco (Belgium)

The origin of tetrapods is one of the key events in vertebrate history. The oldest tetrapod body fossils are Late Devonian (Frasnian–Famennian) in age, most of them consisting of rare isolated bone elements. Here we describe tetrapod remains from two Famennian localities from Belgium: Strud, in the Province of Namur, and Becco, in the Province of Liège. The newly collected material consists of an isolated complete postorbital, fragments of two maxillae, and one putative partial cleithrum, all from Strud, and an almost complete maxilla from Becco. The two incomplete maxillae and cleithrum from Strud, together with the lower jaw previously recorded from this site, closely resemble the genus Ichthyostega, initially described from East Greenland. The postorbital from Strud and the maxilla from Becco do not resemble the genus Ichthyostega. They show several derived anatomical characters allowing their tentative assignment to a whatcheeriid‐grade group. The new tetrapod records show that there are at least two tetrapod taxa in Belgium and almost certainly two different tetrapod taxa at Strud. This locality joins the group of Devonian tetrapod‐bearing localities yielding more than one tetrapod taxon, confirming that environments favourable to early tetrapod life were often colonized by several tetrapod taxa.
Expanding Applications of Defibrillators and Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy to Include Adult Congenital Heart Disease

Atrial redirection surgery, brought into common use by Mustard’s modification of the Senning procedure, transformed the natural history of dextro-transposition of the great arteries (dTGA) from a 90% one year mortality to a 90% 1 year survival(1). Although rendering the infant acyanotic with excellent functional capacity, the morphological right ventricle(sRV) is required to support the systemic circulation. The sRV faces substantial pressure overload resulting in a high incidence of late ventricular failure(2). This prompted an evolution to a more physiologically acceptable correction in the form of the arterial switch or Jatene operation(3). The arrhythmias and heart failure that usually manifest by the second decade of life in patients after atrial redirection surgery pose a challenge to management. Apart from the progressive sRV dysfunction and heart failure, sinus bradycardia commonly arises because of surgical disruption to the sino-atrial node blood supply warranting early pacemaker implantation (4). The incidence of tachyarrythmias, most notably atrial flutter and fibrillation, may be related to ventricular dysfunction or as a consequence of atrial scarring following surgery. Ventricular tachycardia (VT) and fibrillation (VF) have been documented on holter monitoring in various long term studies and the incidence of sudden cardiac death (SCD) ranges between 2-11%(5). Cardiac resynchronization with a biventricular implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) therefore poses an attractive option particularly as a bridge to transplantation in this group of patients. We examine the challenges in terms of the anatomical constraints in a group of consecutive patients with surgically corrected TGA(6;7).
A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Acute ischemic stroke due to large-vessel occlusion is a leading cause of death and disability, and therapeutic time window was limited to 4.5hour when treated with intravenous thrombolysis. It has been acknowledged that endovascular treatment (EVT) is superior to general treatment (only medication, including intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA)) in improving the outcome of AIS since 2015. However, the benefits were limited to improvement of functional outcomes and functional independence. Hence, this meta-analysis was conducted to summarize the benefits of EVT for acute ischemic stroke, explore underlying indications of EVT for AIS patients and suggest implications for clinical practice and future research. Methods: A search was performed to identify eligible studies in PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science updated to February 5, 2019. Functional outcomes, the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) 0–1, mRS 0–2, all-cause mortality, symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage and asymptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (aICH) at 90 days were selected as outcomes. Data was pooled to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Heterogeneity, subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis and publication bias were also performed in this meta-analysis. Results: Eighteen studies comprising 3831 patients were included and analyzed in this meta-analysis. In comparison with general treatment, improved functional outcomes (mRS 0–1: OR=1.68, 95% CI=1.43–1.97, inconsistency index [I=57%, P< .00001; mRS 0–2: OR=1.78, 95%CI=1.55–2.03, I=69%, P< .00001), reduced risk of all-causemortality (OR=0.82, 95%CI=0.70–0.98, I=27%, P= .03) but higher risk of aICH (OR=1.43, 95% CI=1.05–1.95, I=0%, P= .02) at 90 days were found in AIS patients treated with EVT. Age<70, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale ≥20 and maximum delay for invention>5hours could improve clinical outcomes following EVT. In sensitivity analysis, it showed that 2 studies had a great influence on the pooled ORs. No potential publication bias was found in this meta-analysis. Conclusion: Taken together, EVT, which led to improved functional outcomes and decreased risk of death, is superior to general treatment for AIS patients with age<70, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale ≥20 and maximum delay for invention>5hours. Moreover, it suggests that “with mechanical thrombectomy” is potential favorable factor for improving aICH in comparison with general treatment. Abbreviations: aICH = asymptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage, AIS = acute ischemic stroke, CI = confidence interval, EVT = endovascular treatment, I = inconsistency index, IA = intra-arterial, IV t-PA = intravenous tissue plasminogen activator, LVO = large vessel occlusions, Max = maximum, MeSH = medical subject headings, mRS = modified ranking scale, MT = mechanical
Video market data for calves and yearlings confirms price discounts for Western cattle - eScholarship

We used 11 years of data from video auction sales across the western United States to address two long-standing questions posed by California cattle ranchers. First, as expected, ranchers receive lower prices for cattle sold here compared to prices received by ranchers in the Midwest. Second, some (but not all) “value-adding” production and marketing practices raise prices received by ranchers. We report the average amount of location discounts and quality premiums for several market regions.
Revision and recalibration of existing shock classifications for quartzose rocks using low‐shock pressure (2.5–20 GPa) recovery experiments and mesoscale numerical modeling

A combination of shock recovery experiments and numerical modeling of shock deformation in the low‐shock pressure range from 2.5 to 20 GPa for two dry sandstone types of different porosity, a completely water‐saturated sandstone, and a well‐indurated quartzite provides new insights into strongly heterogeneous distribution of different shock features. (1) For nonporous quartzo‐feldspathic rocks, the traditional classification scheme (Stöffler ) is suitable with slight changes in pressure calibration. (2) For water‐saturated quartzose rocks, a cataclastic texture (microbreccia) seems to be typical for the shock pressure range up to 20 GPa. This microbreccia does not show formation of PDFs but diaplectic quartz glass/SiO2 melt is formed at 20 GPa (~1 vol%). (3) For porous quartzose rocks, the following sequence of shock features is observed with progressive increase in shock pressure (1) crushing of pores, (2) intense fracturing of quartz grains, and (3) increasing formation of diaplectic quartz glass/SiO2 melt replacing fracturing. The formation of diaplectic quartz glass/SiO2 melt, together with SiO2 high‐pressure phases, is a continuous process that strongly depends on porosity. This experimental observation is confirmed by our concomitant numerical modeling. Recalibration of the shock classification scheme results in a porosity versus shock pressure diagram illustrating distinct boundaries for the different shock stages.
Complete mitochondrial genome of Ostrinia palustralis memnialis Walker, 1859 (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

Abstract The complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of Ostrinia palustralis memnialis Walker, 1859 (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) was determined to be 15,246 bp with a typical set of genes (13 protein-coding genes [PCGs], 2 rRNA genes, and 22 tRNA genes) and one non-coding region, with an arrangement identical to that observed in most lepidopteran genomes. Twelve PCGs have the typical ATN start codon, whereas COI has an atypical CGA codon frequently found in the start region of the lepidopteran COI. At 330 bp, the A + T-rich region is well within the range found in other Pyraloidea. The A + T content of the whole genome, PCGs, srRNA, lrRNA, tRNAs, and the A + T-rich region all are well within the range found in other Pyraloidea. Phylogenetic analyses of the concatenated sequences of the 13 PCGs using Bayesian inference (BI) and maximum-likelihood (ML) methods placed O. palustralis as a sister group to Ostrinia furnacalis and Ostrinia nubilalis, with the highest nodal support. The subfamilies within Crambidae, such as Nymphulinae, Spilomelinae, and Pyraustinae, all formed monophyletic groups with the highest nodal support.
Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitors as Anticancer Therapeutics

Cyclin-Dependent Kinases (CDKs) have been considered promising drug targets for a number of years, but most CDK inhibitors have failed rigorous clinical testing. Recent studies demonstrating clear anticancer efficacy and reduced toxicity of CDK4/6 inhibitors such as Palbociclib and multi-CDK inhibitors such as Dinaciclib have rejuvenated the field. Favorable results with Palbociclib and its recent U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval demonstrate that CDK inhibitors with narrow selectivity profiles can have clinical utility for therapy based on individual tumor genetics. A brief overview of results obtained with ATP-competitive inhibitors such as Palbociclib and Dinaciclib is presented followed by a compilation of new avenues that have been pursued toward the development of novel, non-ATP-competitive CDK inhibitors. These creative ways to develop CDK inhibitors are presented along with crystal structures of these agents complexed with CDK2 to highlight differences in their binding sites and mechanisms of action. The recent successes of CDK inhibitors in the clinic, combined with the potential for structure-based routes to the development of non-ATP competitive CDK inhibitors, and evidence that CDK inhibitors may have use in suppressing chromosomal instability and in synthetic lethal drug combinations, inspire optimism that CDK inhibitors will become important weapons in the fight against cancer.