Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Integrated bio-refinery process for mass production of silica, lignin, and nanocellulose from rice straw biomass

ABSTRACT An efficient integrated bio-refinery process was established for mass production of silica, lignin, and nanocellulose from rice straw lignocellulose. A three-step process was used for achievement of three value-added products as: silica, lignin, and nanocellulose. At the first step of process, sodium hydroxide of 18% dosage was used as pulping agent to dissolve lignin, silica and other substances in rice straw to obtain cellulose pulp and black liquor. At the second step, silica powder and lignin are recovered by precipitation with sulfuric acid at suitable pH. Third step of process is nanocellulose fabrication from bleached cellulose pulp using a mixture of H2SO4 and H2O2. The suitable technical parameter for silica, lignin, and nanocellulose fabrication was established. At suitable condition, the silica, lignin, and nanocellulose yields were about 9.5%, 12.4%, and 28.7%, respectively, compared to the starting material in experimental scale. Moreover, this bio-refinery process was scaled-up for mass production of three products with relative high yields. The as-obtained products were characterized by SEM, IR, and XRD for determine the structure and morphology.
Construction and application of vehicle digital registration system

In order to solve the problem that it takes a long time for people to complete vehicle registration when buying a new car, Vehicle Digital Registration System is proposed to provide a new service for vehicle registration, which is more convenient and efficient, taken by the Ministry of Public Security and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Equipment Industry Development Center. The system has changed the original mode that the car must be driven to the vehicle management station to complete the registration. It supports vehicle manufacturers to assist in inspection work at the stage when vehicles leave the factory, then owners can be exempted from having the vehicle checked when applying for registration. Whenever and wherever possible, the owners can apply online to complete vehicle registration, and the car's license plate and other certificates can be delivered by mail. The system proposes an innovative and optimized registration mode, and it is an important measure to promote the reform and innovation of vehicle sales mode and vehicle registration model, which greatly facilitates the purchase and registration of vehicles for people.
Corporate Social Responsibility and Brand Advocacy among Consumers? The Mediating Role of Brand Trust

Despite the increasing interest in the area of corporate social responsibility (CSR), there is a very limited understanding of the mechanism of perceived CSR and its effect on consumer behavioral outcomes. Additionally, there is limited evidence on the role of brand trust in influencing brand advocacy. The aim of this study is to examine the direct and indirect influence of consumer perception of CSR on brand advocacy behavior. This research proposes a framework and examines the relationship between CSR and brand advocacy behaviors, including the role of brand trust. This study is quantitative in nature. Data were collected from 336 consumers of retail banks in India. The results were analyzed using the SEM through AMOS 22.0. This present research made a contribution to the CSR literature by taking the important role of brand trust in the relationship between CSR and brand advocacy behavior.
ANALISIS TRANSPARANSI PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN DAERAH BERBASIS WEBSITE PADA PEMERINTAH DAERAH SE-JAWA

Dengan adanya desentralisasi yang ada di Indonesia, daerah memiliki kesempatan dan keleluasaan untuk melaksanakan urusan pemerintahannya secara mandiri termasuk dari segi keuangannya. Pengelolaan keuangan daerah yang baik dan transparan dapat meminimalkan ketimpangan informasi antara pemerintah dan masyarakat. Hal tersebut kemudian mendorong ditetapkannya Instruksi Menteri Dalam Negeri No.188. 52/1797/SJ/2012 yang menginstruksikan pemerintah daerah untuk menampilkan informasi dokumen pengelolaan keuangan daerah di website resminya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis transparansi pengelolaan keuangan daerah pada setiap pemerintah daerah se-Jawa. Penilaian transparansi pengelolaan keuangan daerah dilakukan dengan menggunakan empat kriteria yaitu ketersediaan, aksesibilitas, ketepatan waktu pengungkapan, dan frekuensi pengungkapan dari dokumen pengelolaan keuangan daerah yang ada di website resmi. Penilaian tingkat transparansi tersebut dilakukan pada tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan, serta pelaporan dan pertanggungjawaban APBD tahun anggaran 2015 dan 2016.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pemerintah Kabupaten Bojonegoro memiliki indeks transparansi tertinggi pada tahun 2015 sedangkan Pemerintah Kabupaten Indramayu memiliki indeks transparansi terendah pada tahun 2015. Untuk tahun 2016, Provinsi DKI Jakarta memiliki indeks transparansi tertinggi sedangkan Pemerintah Kabupaten Madiun memiliki indeks transparansi terendah. Hasil pengkategorian menurut Open Budget Index (OBI) menunjukkan bahwa hanya Pemerintah Kabupaten Bojonegoro yang termasuk dalam kategori sufficient pada tahun 2015 sedangkan untuk tahun 2016, seluruh pemerintah daerah di Jawa termasuk dalam kategori insufficient. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa transparansi belum menjadi prioritas bagi pemerintah daerah di Jawa.Secara umum, pemerintah kabupaten/kota di Jawa yang memiliki indeks transparansi pengelolaan keuangan daerah tertinggi memiliki karakteristik tingkat kesejahteraan yang lebih tinggi, kekayaan pemda yang lebih tinggi, kompetisi politik yang lebih rendah, press visibility yang lebih tinggi, dan Indeks pembangunan manusia yang lebih tinggi jika dibandingkan dengan pemerintah kabupaten/kota di Jawa yang indeks transparansi pengelolaan keuangan daerahnya terendah.
Detailed spectral structure of magnetospheric electron bursts precipitated by lightning

The authors have analyzed the temporal structure of electron fluxes precipitated by lightning that was measured at night over Wallops Island, Virginia, during August 1984. Given the high time resolution of the data for two independent lightning-induced precipitation bursts, they are able to identify a component of the precipitating electrons almost certainly due to equatorial wave-particle interactions involving equatorial electron cyclotron resonance (EECR) with whistlers which produce pitch angle scattering. These bursts also contain other precipitating electrons, possibly due to off-equatorial pitch angle scattering by the electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) process or, more likely in their opinion, an off-equatorial wave-particle interaction leading to field-aligned electron acceleration. In particular, we have shown that the precipitated electron fluxes of equatorial origin are characterized by a very steep spectral power exponent of about {minus}20 above 100 keV. In contrast, the other non-EECR fluxes are much harder, with a spectral power exponent of about {minus}2 between 40 and 400 keV. As a consequence, the energy deposition of the other electron fluxes may be equal to or possibly exceed that of the equatorial interaction fluxes. They conclude that study of lightning-produced electron fluxes from the perspective of pitch angle scattering alone may neglect other processesmore » that significantly contribute to total energy transfer into the lower atmosphere. Furthermore, they find that the EECR wave-particle interaction produces precipitation fluxes that are well described simply by the kinematics involving the wave and electron transit times to and from the magnetic equator. « less
A New Design of Poly(N-Isopropylacrylamide) Hydrogels Using Biodegradable Poly(Beta-Aminoester) Crosslinkers as Fertilizer Reservoirs for Agricultural Applications

Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (P(NIPAAm)) hydrogels were prepared by free-radical polymerization with biodegradable poly (β-amino ester) (PBAE) crosslinkers at 1 wt% and 3 wt% ratio, and compared with conventional N,N′-methylene bisacrylamide (MBA)-crosslinked hydrogel. The influence of the type, molecular weight, and diacrylate/amine ratio of the crosslinker on the crosslink density, compressive strength, and swelling and biodegradation behavior of the hydrogels was investigated. The hydrogels synthesized with lower molecular weight PBAE crosslinkers showed higher crosslinking degrees and compressive strength and lower swelling ratios. To reveal the controlled release behavior of the fertilizer, KNO3 was used as the model, and its loading and release behavior from these hydrogels was also examined. The N/T5/1 sample with 1.5/1.0 diacrylate/amine molar ratio and 1 wt% PBAE ratio demonstrated the most controlled release of KNO3 with 66.9% after 18 days in soil. In addition, the hydrogel with the porosity of 71.65% and crosslinking degree of 2.85 × 10−5 mol cm−3 showed a swelling ratio of 69.44 g/g, biodegradation rate of 23.9%, and compressive strength of 1.074 MPa. Thus, it can be concluded that the new designed biodegradable P(NIPAAm) hydrogels can be promising materials as nitrate fertilizer reservoirs and also for controlled fertilizer release in soil media for agricultural applications.
MR Intensity Normalization Methods Impact Sequence Specific Radiomics Prognostic Model Performance in Primary and Recurrent High-Grade Glioma

Simple Summary As magnetic resonance (MR) intensities are acquired in arbitrary units, scans from different scanners are not directly comparable; thus, intensity normalization is essential. In this study, we assess the impact of normalization methods on prognostic radiomics models in primary and recurrent high-grade glioma on different MR sequences. Furthermore, we present a methodology that allows for the handling of radiomics performance discrepancy due to MR intensity normalization. Abstract Purpose: This study investigates the impact of different intensity normalization (IN) methods on the overall survival (OS) radiomics models’ performance of MR sequences in primary (pHGG) and recurrent high-grade glioma (rHGG). Methods: MR scans acquired before radiotherapy were retrieved from two independent cohorts (rHGG C1: 197, pHGG C2: 141) from multiple scanners (15, 14). The sequences are T1 weighted (w), contrast-enhanced T1w (T1wce), T2w, and T2w-FLAIR. Sequence-specific significant features (SF) associated with OS, extracted from the tumour volume, were derived after applying 15 different IN methods. Survival analyses were conducted using Cox proportional hazard (CPH) and Poisson regression (POI) models. A ranking score was assigned based on the 10-fold cross-validated (CV) concordance index (C-I), mean square error (MSE), and the Akaike information criterion (AICs), to evaluate the methods’ performance. Results: Scatter plots of the 10-CV C-I and MSE against the AIC showed an impact on the survival predictions between the IN methods and MR sequences (C1/C2 C-I range: 0.62–0.71/0.61–0.72, MSE range: 0.20–0.42/0.13–0.22). White stripe showed stable results for T1wce (C1/C2 C-I: 0.71/0.65, MSE: 0.21/0.14). Combat (0.68/0.62, 0.22/0.15) and histogram matching (HM, 0.67/0.64, 0.22/0.15) showed consistent prediction results for T2w models. They were also the top-performing methods for T1w in C2 (Combat: 0.67, 0.13; HM: 0.67, 0.13); however, only HM achieved high predictions in C1 (0.66, 0.22). After eliminating IN impacted SF using Spearman’s rank-order correlation coefficient, a mean decrease in the C-I and MSE of 0.05 and 0.03 was observed in all four sequences. Conclusion: The IN method impacted the predictive power of survival models; thus, performance is sequence-dependent.
X-ray and infrared selected AGN. II. Optical spectroscopy

In a search for obscured active galactic nuclei, 144 X-ray/IR emitting galaxies were selected. Optical spectroscopy of this sample is presented. A classification according to the nuclear activity shows that 28 are AGN, 39 are transition-type objects, and 44 are H II region-like galaxies. Three of the 28 AGN are Seyfert 1 galaxies and the others are of Type 2. It is suggested that the objects identified as narrow line AGN are obscured Seyfert 1. Most of the observed galaxies are seen edge-on, indicating that dust may have a flattened distribution coplanar to the disk of the parent galaxy. With the inclusion of the newly identified AGN, the sample of the X-ray emitting Seyfert 2 galaxies is fairly complete above a flux limit of log F(Hx) = -10.8. 34 refs.
A density-gradient model for the H II galaxy I Zw 18

Most of the lowest-metallicity galactic systems known have emission-line ratios that are not well-fitted by a simple H II region model. These objects are similar to the low-abundance H II galaxy I Zw 18 in that the observed F(3727 A)/F(H-beta) does not agree with the predictions of models that fit F(4363 A)/F(H-beta), and F(4363)/F(4959, 5007), casting doubt on the oxygen abundance estimated from the line ratios. Here, the observed emission-line ratios of I Zw 18 are compared with those of model nebulae incorporating a density gradient. An attempt is made to develop a self-consistent model capable of explaining all existing observations of I Zw 18 and to investigate the possibility that the true oxygen abundance of this object is higher than the very low value obtained from the estimated electron temperature of O(2+). 25 refs.
Virucidal Activity of Lemon Essential Oil against Feline Calicivirus Used as Surrogate for Norovirus

Norovirus (NoV) is regarded as a common cause of acute gastrointestinal illness worldwide in all age groups, with substantial morbidity across health care and community settings. The lack of in vitro cell culture systems for human NoV has prompted the use of cultivatable caliciviruses (such as feline calicivirus, FCV, or murine NoV) as surrogates for in vitro evaluation of antivirals. Essential oils (EOs) may represent a valid tool to counteract viral infections, particularly as food preservatives. In the present study, the virucidal efficacy of lemon EO (LEO) against FCV was assessed in vitro. The gas chromatography hyphenated with mass spectrometry (GC/MS) technique was used to reveal the chemical composition of LEO. The following small molecules were detected as major components of LEO: limonene (53%), β-pinene (14.5%), γ-terpinene (5.9%), citral (3.8%), α-pinene (2.4%), and β-thujene (1.94%). LEO at 302.0 μg/mL, exceeding the maximum non cytotoxic limit, significantly decreased viral titre of 0.75 log10 TCID50/50 μL after 8 h. Moreover, virucidal activity was tested using LEO at 3020.00 μg/mL, determining a reduction of viral titre as high as 1.25 log10 TCID50/50 μL after 8 h of time contact. These results open up perspectives for the development of alternative prophylaxis approaches for the control of NoV infection.
Beating of a circular cylinder mounted as an inverted pendulum

This paper contains temporally and spatially resolved flow visualization and DPIV measurements characterizing the frequency–amplitude response and three-dimensional vortex structure of a circular cylinder mounted like an inverted pendulum. Two circular cylinders were examined in this investigation. Both were 2.54 cm in diameter and ~140 cm long with low mass ratios, m* = 0.65 and 1.90, and mass–damping ratios, m*ζ = 0.038 and 0.103, respectively. Frequency–amplitude response analysis was done with the lighter cylinder while detailed wake structure visualization and measurements were done using the slightly higher-mass-ratio cylinder. Experiments were conducted over the Reynolds number range 1900≤Re≤6800 corresponding to a reduced velocity range of 3.7 ≤ U* ≤ 9.6. Detailed examination of the upper branch of the synchronization regime permitted, for the first time, the identification of short-time deviations in cylinder oscillation and vortex-shedding frequencies that give rise to beating behaviour. That is, while long-time averages of cylinder oscillation and vortex-shedding frequencies are identical, i.e. synchronized, it is shown that there is a slight mismatch between these frequencies over much shorter periods when the cylinder exhibits quasi-periodic beating. Data are also presented which show that vortex strength is also modulated from one cylinder oscillation to the next. Physical arguments are presented to explain both the origins of beating as well as why the quasi-periodicity of the beating envelopes becomes irregular; it is believed that this result may be generalized to a broader class of fluid–structure interactions. In addition, observations of strong vertical flows associated with the Kármán vortices developing 2–3 diameters downstream of the cylinder are presented. It is hypothesized that these three-dimensionalities result from both the inverted pendulum motion as well as free-surface effects.
Suitability of R. pulmo Jellyfish-Collagen-Coated Well Plates for Cytocompatibility Analyses of Biomaterials

Cytocompatibility analyses of new implant materials or biomaterials are not only prescribed by the Medical Device Regulation (MDR), as defined in the DIN ISO Norm 10993-5 and -12, but are also increasingly replacing animal testing. In this context, jellyfish collagen has already been established as an alternative to mammalian collagen in different cell culture conditions, but a lack of knowledge exists about its applicability for cytocompatibility analyses of biomaterials. Thus, the present study was conducted to compare well plates coated with collagen type 0 derived from Rhizostoma pulmo with plates coated with bovine and porcine collagen. The coated well plates were analysed in vitro for their cytocompatibility, according to EN ISO 10993-5/−12, using both L929 fibroblasts and MC3T3 pre-osteoblasts. Thereby, the coated well plates were compared, using established materials as positive controls and a cytotoxic material, RM-A, as a negative control. L929 cells exhibited a significantly higher viability (#### p < 0.0001), proliferation (## p < 0.01), and a lower cytotoxicity (## p < 0.01 and # p < 0.05)) in the Jellagen® group compared to the bovine and porcine collagen groups. MC3T3 cells showed similar viability and acceptable proliferation and cytotoxicity in all collagen groups. The results of the present study revealed that the coating of well plates with collagen Type 0 derived from R. pulmo leads to comparable results to the case of well plates coated with mammalian collagens. Therefore, it is fully suitable for the in vitro analyses of the cytocompatibility of biomaterials or medical devices.
Design and Implementation of a Scheduling Meeting System Using Mobile Agent

In recent years, as a result of rapid development, the scheduling of meetings has become costly and time-consuming. Many systems that support the scheduling of meetings have been developed and they are independently finding the appropriate scheduling date and duration of the meeting. In this research, the Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) is used to find out the appropriate time for meeting since agent is able to cooperate and execute autonomy. An algorithm was proposed to deal with the participants’ leisure time and to make the appropriate decision to determine the date and duration of the meeting. The scheduling system collects free time from several persons (every person has an agent) and decides the appropriate meeting date, duration, and time for holding the meeting and publishing it to all attenders. The number of attenders in the designed system is between (4-7), with the presence of the manager (The manager Agent) who is responsible for organizing the meeting. The system was developed using multi-agent systems. JADE (Java Agent Development Framework) is used under java language to design the system for its capabilities. The system provides easy and clear interfaces for users. The system is compared with other previous work and shows that its lightness to the network. Also, the proposed system provides an interface with no need to send messages using SMS or any other media.
Automatic Image Annotation Using Semantic Subspace Graph Spectral Clustering Algorithm

Due to the existing of the semantic gap, images with the same or similar low level features are possibly different on semantic level. How to find the underlying relationship between the high-level semantic and low level features is one of the difficult problems for image annotation. In this paper, a new image annotation method based on graph spectral clustering with the consistency of semantics is proposed with detailed analysis on the advantages and disadvantages of the existed image annotation methods. The proposed method firstly cluster image into several semantic classes by semantic similarity measurement in the semantic subspace. Within each semantic class, images are re-clustered with visual features of region Then, the joint probability distribution of blobs and words was modeled by using Multiple-Bernoulli Relevance Model. We can annotate a unannotated image by using the joint distribution. Experimental results show the the effectiveness of the proposed approach in terms of quality of the image annotation. the consistency of high-level semantics and low level features is efficiently achieved.
The development of a new adverb of degree: the case of Dutch even

Adverbs of degree are of interest to the student of language for a number of reasons. 1 They belong to the more expressive part of the vocabulary, and make an important contribution to the stylistic properties of a text. For this very reason, they tend to live on the fast lane of the lexicon, undergoing rapid changes, and disappearing as suddenly as they appear on the scene. The meaning shifts which lead to new adverbs of degree are of etymological interest, whereas the connotations and conditions of use of these items are important in the study of style. Some adverbs of degree are polarity sensitive. They may appear in the scope of negation, but unacceptability ensues from removing the negation. This is the case with, for example, the English adverbial collocation all that:
Weak scattering model applied to coherent sonar images

Strong scattering models which assume uniform distribution of the phase of the scatterers do not provide an adequate description of the phase of the scatterers do not provide an adequate description for the sonar scattering from the sea bed. The generalized-K and the homodyned-K have been proposed as models for weak scattering when the number of steps in the random walk fluctuate according to a negative binomial distribution. As a prerequisite to experimental analysis of sonar data as a case of weak scattering a review is carried out of the two models.
Spectral–Spatial Morphological Attention Transformer for Hyperspectral Image Classification

In recent years, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have drawn significant attention for the classification of hyperspectral images (HSIs). Due to their self-attention mechanism, the vision transformer (ViT) provides promising classification performance compared to CNNs. Many researchers have incorporated ViT for HSI classification purposes. However, its performance can be further improved because the current version does not use spatial–spectral features. In this article, we present a new morphological transformer (morphFormer) that implements a learnable spectral and spatial morphological network, where spectral and spatial morphological convolution operations are used (in conjunction with the attention mechanism) to improve the interaction between the structural and shape information of the HSI token and the CLS token. Experiments conducted on widely used HSIs demonstrate the superiority of the proposed morphFormer over the classical CNN models and state-of-the-art transformer models. The source will be made available publicly at https://github.com/mhaut/morphFormer.