Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On The Metal-poor non-Sagittarius Globular Cluster NGC 5053: Orbit, Mg, Al, and Si

Abstract Metal-poor globular clusters (GCs) show intriguing Al-Mg and Si-Al correlations, which are important clues to decipher the multiple population phenomenon. NGC 5053 is one of the most metal-poor GCs, and has been suggested to be associated with the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy (Sgr), due to its similar location and radial velocity with one of the Sgr arms. In this work, we simulate the orbit of NGC 5053, and argue against the connection between Sgr and NGC 5053. Meanwhile, Mg, Al, and Si spectral lines, which are difficult to detect in the optical spectra, have been detected in the near-infrared APOGEE spectra. We use three different sets of stellar parameters and codes to derive the Mg, Al, and Si abundances, and we always see a large Al variation, and a substantial Si enhancement. Comparing with other metal-poor GCs, we suggest metallicity may not be the only parameter that controls the multiple populations.
Non-monotonic thickness dependence of Curie temperature and ferroelectricity in two-dimensional SnTe film

Recently, the observation of atomic thin film SnTe with a Curie temperature (Tc) higher than that of the bulk (Chang et. al., Science 353, 274 (2016)) has boosted the research on two-dimensional (2D) ferroic materials tremendously. However, the origin of such phenomenon has yet been thoroughly investigated, which hinder the understanding and design of novel materials with ferroic orders at 2D limit. By using the density functional theory, we investigated the structural and ferroelectrical properties of 2D SnTe, to reveal the thickness dependence. The calculated results demonstrate that the 2D SnTe automatically transform into periodical bilayer structure, resulting from the surface effect. Moreover, based on the double-well potential and atomic distortion analysis, we found the Tc of the 2D SnTe is higher than the bulk counterpart, and more surprisingly, the Tc exhibits an unusual non-monotonous dependence of thickness, featuring a pronounced atomic distortion and Curie temperature maximum at 8 atomic-layers. In addition, this non-monotonous dependence is sensitive to the external strain and it can be tuned easily by the external compressive strain.
A continuum approach to combined $\gamma/\gamma'$ evolution and dislocation plasticity in Nickel-based superalloys

Creep in single crystal Nickel-based superalloys has been a topic of interest since decades, and nowadays simulations are more and more able to complement experiments. In these alloys, the $\gamma/\gamma'$ phase microstructure co-evolves with the system of dislocations under load, and understanding the mutual interactions is essential for understanding the resulting creep properties. Predictive modeling thus requires multiphysics frameworks capable of modeling and simulating both the phase and defect microstructures. To do so, we formulate a coupled model of phase-field evolution and continuum dislocation dynamics which adequately accounts for both statistically stored and geometrically necessary dislocations. The simulated $\gamma/\gamma'$ phase microstructure with four $\gamma'$ variants and co-evolving dislocation microstructure is found to be in good agreement with experimental observations. The creep strain curve is obtained as a natural by-product of the microstructure evolution equations without the need for additional parameter fitting. We perform simulations of $\gamma/\gamma'$ evolution for different dislocation densities and establish the driving forces for microstructure evolution by analyzing in detail the changes in different contributions to the elastic and chemical energy density. Together with comparisons between simulated and experimental creep curves this investigation reveals the mechanisms controlling the process of directional coarsening (rafting) and demonstrates that the kinetics of rafting significantly depends on characteristics of the dislocation microstructure. In addition to rafting under constant load, we investigate the effect of changes in loading conditions and explore the possibility of improving creep properties by pre-rafting along a different loading path.
TsCNNs-Based Inappropriate Image and Video Detection System for a Social Network

We propose a detection algorithm based on tree-structured convolutional neural networks (TsCNNs) that finds pornography, propaganda, or other inappropriate content on a social media network. The algorithm sequentially applies the typical convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm in a tree-like structure to minimize classification errors in similar classes, and thus improves accuracy. We implemented the detection system and conducted experiments on a data set comprised of 6 ordinary classes and 11 inappropriate classes collected from the Korean military social network. Each model of the proposed algorithm was trained, and the performance was then evaluated according to the images and videos identified. Experimental results with 20,005 new images showed that the overall accuracy in image identification achieved a high-performance level of 99.51%, and the effectiveness of the algorithm reduced identification errors by the typical CNN algorithm by 64.87 %. By reducing false alarms in video identification from the domain, the TsCNNs achieved optimal performance of 98.11% when using 10 minutes frame-sampling intervals. This indicates that classification through proper sampling contributes to the reduction of computational burden and false alarms.
Stochastic method for calculating the ground-state one-body density matrix of trapped Bose particles in one dimension

The reduced density matrix (RDM) is a fundamental contraction of the Bose-Einstein condensate wave function, encapsulating its one-body properties. It serves as a major analysis tool with which the condensed component of the density can be identified. Despite its cardinal importance, calculating the ground-state RDM of trapped interacting bosons is challenging and has been fully achieved only for specific models or when the pairwise interaction is weak. In this paper we discuss a new approach to compute the RDM based on a double-walker diffusion Monte Carlo random walk coupled with a stochastic permanent calculation. We here describe the new method and study some of its statistical convergence and properties applying it to some model systems.
Massive spin-2 particles in a curved background via a nonsymmetric tensor

Massive spin-2 particles has been a subject of great interest in current research. If the graviton has a small mass, the gravitational force at large distances decreases more rapidly, which could contribute to explain the accelerated expansion of the universe. The massive spin-2 particles are commonly described by the known Fierz-Pauli action which is formulated in terms of a symmetric tensor hμν = hνμ. However, the FierzPauli theory is not the only possible description of massive spin-2 particles via a rank2 tensor. There are other two families of models L(a1) and LnFP (c), where a1 and c are real arbitrary parameters, which describe massive particles of spin-2 in the flat space via a nonsymmetric tensor eμν 6= eνμ. In the present work we derive Lagrangian constraints stemming from L(a1) and LnFP (c) in curved backgrounds with nonminimal couplings which are analytic functions of m2. We show that the constraints lead to a correct counting of degrees of freedom if nonminimal terms are included with fine tuned coefficients and the background space is of the Einstein type, very much like the Fierz-Pauli case. We also examine the existence of local symmetries. dalmazi@feg.unesp. br hemily.gomes@gmail.com
A low-uncertainty measurement of the Boltzmann constant

The Comité international des poids et mesures (CIPM) has projected a major revision of the International System of Units (SI) in which all of the base units will be defined by fixing the values of fundamental constants of nature. In preparation for this we have carried out a new, low-uncertainty determination of the Boltzmann constant, kB, in terms of which the SI unit of temperature, the kelvin, can be re-defined. We have evaluated kB from exceptionally accurate measurements of the speed of sound in argon gas which can be related directly to the mean molecular kinetic energy, . Our new estimate is kB = 1.380 651 56 (98) × 10−23 J K−1 with a relative standard uncertainty uR = 0.71 × 10−6.
Applying Token Tagging to Augment Dataset for Automatic Program Repair

Automatic program repair (APR) techniques focus on automatically repairing bugs in programs and providing correct patches for developers, which have been investigated for decades. However, most studies have limitations in repairing complex bugs. To overcome these limitations, we developed an approach that augments datasets by utilizing token tagging and applying machine learning techniques for APR. First, to alleviate the data insufficiency problem, we augmented datasets by extracting all the methods (buggy and non-buggy methods) in the program source code and conducting token tagging on non-buggy methods. Second, we fed the preprocessed code into the model as an input for training. Finally, we evaluated the performance of the proposed approach by comparing it with the baselines. The results show that the proposed approach is efficient for augmenting datasets using token tagging and is promising for APR.
Low-temperature resistivity in double-exchange systems

We make a quantum description of the electron low temperature properties of double exchange materials. In these systems there is a strong coupling between the core spin and the carriers spin. This large coupling makes the low energy spin waves to be a combination of ion and electron density spin waves. We study the form and dispersion of these composite spin wave excitations. We also analyze the spin up and down spectral functions of the temperature dependent quasi-particles of this system. Finally we obtain that the thermally activated composite spin waves renormalize the carriers effective mass and this gives rise to a low temperature resistivity scaling as T ^{5/2}.
On the Rotational Evolution of Solar- and Late-Type Stars, Its Magnetic Origins, and the Possibility of Stellar Gyrochronology

We propose a simple interpretation of the rotation period data for solar- and late-type stars. The open cluster and Mount Wilson star observations suggest that rotating stars lie primarily on two sequences, initially called I and C. Some stars lie in the intervening gap. These sequences, and the fractional numbers of stars on each sequence, evolve systematically with cluster age, enabling us to construct crude rotational isochrones allowing "stellar gyrochronology," a procedure, on improvement, likely to yield ages for individual field stars. The age and color dependences of the sequences allow the identification of the underlying mechanism, which appears to be primarily magnetic. The majority of solar- and late-type stars possess a dominant Sun-like, or interface, magnetic field, which connects the convective envelope to both the radiative interior of the star and the exterior, where winds can drain off angular momentum. These stars spin down Skumanich style. An age-decreasing fraction of young G, K, and M stars, which are rapid rotators, possess only a convective field, which is not only inefficient in depleting angular momentum but also incapable of coupling the surface convection zone to the inner radiative zone, so that only the outer zone is spun down, and on an exponential timescale. These stars do not yet possess large-scale dynamos. The large-scale magnetic field associated with the dynamo, apparently created by the shear between the decoupled radiative and convective zones, (re)couples the convective and radiative zones and drives a star from the convective to the interface sequence through the gap on a timescale that increases as stellar mass decreases. Fully convective stars do not possess such an interface, cannot generate an interface dynamo, and hence can never make such a transition. Helioseismic results for the present-day Sun agree with this scheme, which also explains the rotational bimodality observed by Herbst and collaborators among pre-main-sequence stars and the termination of this bimodality when stars become fully convective. This paradigm also provides a new basis for understanding stellar X-ray and chromospheric activity, light-element abundances, and perhaps other stellar phenomena that depend on rotation.
Tunneling current and emission spectrum of a single-electron transistor under optical pumping

Theoretical studies of the tunnelling current and emission spectrum of a single electron transistor (SET) under optical pumping are presented. The calculation is performed via Keldysh Green's function method within the Anderson model with two energy levels. It is found that holes in the quantum dot (QD) created by optical pumping lead to new channels for the electron tunnelling from emitter to collector. As a consequence, an electron can tunnel through the QD via additional channels, characterized by the exciton, trion and biexciton states. It is found that the tunnelling current as a function of the gate voltage displays a series of sharp peaks and the spacing between these peaks can be used to determine the exciton binding energy as well as the electron-electron Coulomb repulsion energy. In addition, we show that the single-photon emission associated with the electron-hole recombination in the exciton complexes formed in the QD can be controlled both electrically and optically.
Collisional relaxation in diffuse clouds of trapped bosons

The damping of collective modes and the relaxation of temperature anisotropies in a trapped Bose gas is determined at temperatures above the Bose-Einstein condensation temperature in the collisionless regime. We demonstrate for both cases how the effects of collisions may be treated perturbatively and calculate relaxation rates based on a variational principle. Our results are compared with experiment and with previous theoretical calculations.
Central and medial quasigroups of small order

We enumerate central and medial quasigroups of order less than $128$ up to isomorphism, with the exception of those quasigroups that are isotopic to $C_4\times C_2^4$, $C_2^6$, $C_3^4$ or $C_5^3$. We give an explicit formula for the number of quasigroups that are affine over a finite cyclic group.
Updated ef ﬁ cacy results from the JAVELIN Renal 101 trial: ﬁ rst-line avelumab plus axitinib versus sunitinib in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma

Background: The phase 3 JAVELIN Renal 101 trial (NCT02684006) demonstrated signi ﬁ cantly improved progression-free survival (PFS) with ﬁ rst-line avelumab plus axitinib versus sunitinib in advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC). We report updated ef ﬁ cacy data from the second interim analysis. death ligand e positive (PD-L1 ) Key secondary were and PFS in the the arm and 444 the sunitinib arm; PD-L1 of cut-off the avelumab plus arm the ratio HR 0.828 (95% CI 0.596 e 1.151); one-sided P ¼ 0.1301; overall population: HR 0.796 (95% CI 0.616 e 1.027); one-sided P ¼ 0.0392]. Conclusion: Among patients with previously untreated aRCC, treatment with avelumab plus axitinib continued to result in a statistically signi ﬁ cant improvement in PFS versus sunitinib; OS data were still immature. Clinical Trial number: NCT02684006.
Physical properties variation across the green valley for local galaxies.

We have selected a sample of nearby galaxies from Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 7 (SDSS DR7) to investigate the physical properties variation from blue cloud to green valley to red sequence. The sample is limited in a narrow range in color-stellar mass diagram. After splitting green valley galaxies into two parts---a bluer green valley (green 1) and a redder one (green 2) and three stellar mass bins, we investigate the physical properties variation across the green valley region. Our main results are as following: (i) The percentages of pure bulge and bulge-dominated/elliptical galaxies increase gradually from blue cloud to red sequence while the percentages of pure disk and disk-dominated/spiral galaxies decrease gradually in all stellar mass bins and different environments; (ii) With the analysis of morphological and structural parameters (e.g., concentration (C) and the stellar mass surface density within the central 1Kpc ($\Sigma_{1}$)), red galaxies show the most luminous and compact cores than both green valley and blue galaxies while blue galaxies show the opposite behavior in all stellar mass bins. (iii) A strong negative (positive) relationship between bulge-to-total light ratio (B/T) and specific star formation rate (sSFR) ($D_{4000}$) is found from blue to red galaxies. Our results indicate that the growth of bulge plays an important role when the galaxies change from the blue cloud, to green valley, and to the red sequence.
Online Appendix for “Pre-test with Caution: Event-study Estimates After Testing for Parallel Trends”

This supplement contains additional results for the paper “Pre-test with Caution: Eventstudy Estimates After Testing for Parallel Trends. ” Section A provides proofs for Proposition 2 and Proposition 4, generalizing the proofs given in the main text for the case of K = 1 to arbitrary K. Section B states and proves asymptotic results. Section C provides additional simulation results in which the treatment and control group receive stochastic common shocks. Finally, Section D contains additional tables and figures.
Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer X-Ray Timing of the Radio and γ-Ray Quiet Pulsars PSR J1412+7922 and PSR J1849-0001

We present new timing and spectral analyses of PSR J1412+7922 (Calvera) and PSR J1849−0001, which are only seen as pulsars in X-rays, based on observations conducted with the Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer. We obtain updated and substantially improved pulse ephemerides compared to previous X-ray studies, as well as spectra that can be well fit by simple blackbodies and/or a power law. Our refined timing measurements enable deeper searches for pulsations at other wavelengths and sensitive targeted searches by the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO)/Virgo for continuous gravitational waves from these neutron stars. Using the sensitivity of LIGO’s first observing run, we estimate constraints that a gravitational wave search of these pulsars would be obtained on the size of their mass deformation and r-mode fluid oscillation.
The Nexus Between Trade Openness, Export Sophistication, and Economic Growth

Due to rise in the productivity and globalization, researchers started to focus on the phenomenon of export sophistication and trade openness. This study investigates the impact of trade openness and export sophistication on economic growth. Further, it examines the moderating role of trade openness between export sophistication and economic growth. For this, the current study applies the random effects model to a panel of 35 Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) countries covering the period 2016–2020. The results reveal that both export sophistication and trade openness have a positive impact on economic growth and trade openness further strengthens the impact of export sophistication on economic growth. The results of this study suggest OIC economies should produce sophisticated products and adopt trade oriented-polices.
Design of Ultra-Wideband Tapered Slot Antenna Using Novel Feeding Structure

This paper proposes a printed ultra-wideband (UWB) tapered-slot antenna (TSA) using a novel feeding structure. It consists of two symmetrical radiating flares printed on the top-side of a dielectric substrate. The feeding structure employs novel microstrip-to-slot transformers with via, circular stubs, and circular slots to realize UWB out-of-phase power divider features, which serves as a differential-feed scheme for the two radiating flares. The final design of the proposed TSA with dimensions of 150 mm ×98 mm ($0.58\lambda_{min} \times 0.38\lambda_{min}$, where $\lambda_{min}$ is the wavelength at the lowest operational frequency) is fabricated and measured. Both simulation and measurement result in an impedance matching bandwidth of 160% (1.19 – 11 GHz). Moreover, across its impedance matching bandwidth, the antenna prototype achieves a good end-fire radiation with the peak gain of 10.2 dBi, highly symmetric pattern, small cross-polarization level, and high front-to-back ratio.
Designing of the reverse logistics network for returnable packaging

Reverse logistics has recently received considerable importance and attention across all industrial sectors due to a combination of economic, environmental and social factors. Reverse logistics management is a fundamental aspect of supply chain management that can not only reduce costs but also generate value for the company. It consists of all the operations intended to manage the return from the customers to the suppliers generally for operations of recycling, repair, disposal or reuse and this must be at the least cost. In this article, we focus on the reverse logistics of returning empty packaging for reuse from customers to their suppliers, we offer decision support models to optimize the performance of reusable packaging flows in terms of costs and packaging availability at suppliers. We propose a framework for structuring decisions regarding the management of reusable packaging flows, with the objective of optimizing transport and shortage costs. This paper presents a mixed integer linear programming to minimize the costs of transport and fixed opening in a reverse logistics network, in the empty packaging return chains, without falling apart.
Bee-bot robot in the use of executive functions in students with ASD: a pilot study

Currently, information and communication technologies (ICT) are configured as another pedagogical tool in the curricular development of students at different educational stages. Among these technological tools, the use of pedagogical robotics as a technology to support learning has created new academic experiences and favouring the inclusion of students with Specific Educational Support Needs (SEN), including those with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Specifically, in the case of students with ASD, the scientific literature has confirmed the existence of difficulties in the management of executive functions. Therefore, the main objective of this research has been to apply the Bee-Bot robot to work on these functions. For this purpose, a quantitative study with a quasi-experimental design without a control group has been developed, where the sample is made up of a subject with ASD level 2. The instrument used is a system of categories designed ad hoc that is applied during the development of the 10 sessions that make up the intervention procedure. The results indicate how the student uses the executive functions worked on in most of the sessions where the Bee-Bot robot is used. In conclusion, it seems necessary to extend the research, as this type of robot could be efficient in improving the executive functions of these students.
VDD is not your BFF: Four things you didn’t know could go wrong [Shop Talk: What You Didn’t Learn in School]

Somewhere on your schematic, there is a small circle. It’s probably labeled <italic>VDD</italic> or <italic>AVDD</italic> or something equally innocuous. But that harmless-looking circle embodies the biggest lie in the industry (see <xref ref-type="fig" rid="fig1">Figure 1</xref>). Nobody knows the full extent of the damage that circle causes, but a conservative guess is that it’s responsible for at least 90% of silicon failures and redesigns. That circle is your power supply. And it is almost certainly doing you wrong.