Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
tRNA epitranscriptomic alterations associated with opioid-induced reward-seeking and long-term opioid withdrawal

DNA cytosine methylation has been documented as a potential epigenetic mechanism of transcriptional regulation underling opioid use disorder. However, methylation of RNA cytosine residues, which would drive another level of biological influence as an epitranscriptomic mechanism of gene and protein regulation has not been studied. Here, we probed whether chronic morphine exposure could alter tRNA cytosine methylation (m5C) and resulting expression levels in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), a brain region crucial for reward processing and executive function that exhibits opioid-induced molecular restructuring. We identified dynamic changes in glycine tRNA (tRNAGlyGCC) cytosine methylation, corresponding to altered expression levels of this tRNA at multiple timepoints following 15 days of daily morphine. Strikingly, a robust increase in methylation, coupled with decreased expression, was present after 30 days of withdrawal, suggesting that repeated opioid administration produces changes to the tRNA regulome long after discontinuation. Furthermore, forebrain-wide knockout of neuronal Nsun2, a tRNA methyltransferase, was associated with disruption of reward-seeking in the conditioned place preference paradigm, and this effect was recapitulated by regional mPFC Nsun2 knockout. Taken together, these studies provide a foundational link between the regulation of tRNA cytosine methylation and OUD and highlight the tRNA machinery as a potential therapeutic target in addiction.
Transposon sequencing reveals the essential gene set and genes enabling gut symbiosis in the insect symbiont Caballeronia insecticola

Caballeronia insecticola is a bacterium belonging to the Burkholderia genus sensu lato, able to colonize multiple environments like soils and the gut of the bean bug Riptortus pedestris. To identify the essential genome of a bacterium is a first step in the understanding of its lifestyles. We constructed a saturated Himar1 mariner transposon library and revealed by transposon-sequencing (Tn-seq) that 498 protein-coding genes constitute the essential genome of C. insecticola for growth in free-living conditions. By comparing essential gene sets of C. insecticola and seven related Burkholderia s.l. strains, only 120 common genes were identified indicating that a large part of the essential genome is strain-specific. In order to reproduce specific nutritional conditions that are present in the gut of R. pedestris, we grew the mutant library in minimal media supplemented with candidate gut nutrients and identified several condition-dependent fitness-defect genes by Tn-seq. To validate the robustness of the approach, insertion mutants in six fitness genes were constructed and their growth-deficiency in media supplemented with the corresponding nutrient was confirmed. The mutants were further tested for their efficiency in R. pedestris gut colonization, confirming that gluconeogenic carbon sources, taurine and inositol, are nutrients consumed by the symbiont in the gut.
Digital Twin Implementation in Transition of Smart Manufacturing to Industry 5.0 Practices

A viability and a rationale for implementation of digital twins with augmented reality interface for further development of the smart manufacturing ecosystem is discussed. Different aspects of the problem of design and implementation of digital twins for industrial applications are considered. An approach for constructing the secure-by-design augmented reality-enhanced interfaces for digital twins is proposed. Benefits and cautions for use of augmented reality-enhanced digital twins in Industry 4.0 and prospects for Industry 5.0 are discussed.
Data-Efficient Instance Segmentation with a Single GPU

Not everyone is wealthy enough to have hundreds of GPUs or TPUs. Therefore, we’ve got to ﬁnd a way out. In this paper, we introduce a data-efﬁcient instance segmentation method we used in the 2021 VIPriors Instance Segmentation Challenge. Our solution is a modiﬁed version of Swin Transformer, based on the mmdetection which is a powerful toolbox. To solve the problem of lack of data, we utilize data augmentation including random ﬂip and multiscale training to train our model. During inference, multiscale fusion is used to boost the performance. We only use a single GPU during the whole training and testing stages. In the end, our team named THU IVG 2018 achieved the result of 0.366 for AP@0.50:0.95 on the test set, which is competitive with other top-ranking methods while only one GPU is used. Besides, our method achieved the AP@0.50:0.95 (medium) of 0.592, which ranks second among all contestants
Phytoextraction of Cr(VI) from soil using Portulaca oleracea

Cr(VI) represents an environmental challenge in both soil and water as it is soluble and bioavailable over a wide range of pH. In previous investigations, Portulaca oleracea (a plant local to the United Arab Emirates (UAE)) demonstrated particular ability for the phytoextraction of Cr(VI) from calcareous soil of the UAE. In this publication, the results of the evaluation of P. oleracea phytoextraction of Cr(VI) from UAE soil at higher concentrations are reported. P. oleracea was exposed to nine different concentrations of Cr(VI) in soil from 0 to 400 mg kg−1. The uptake of Cr(VI) increased as its concentration in soil increased between 50 and 400 mg kg−1, with the most efficient removal in the range from 150 to 200 mg kg−1. The total chromium concentrations exceeded 4600 mg kg−1 in roots and 1400 mg kg−1 in stems, confirming the role of P. oleracea as an effective Cr(VI) accumulator. More than 95% of the accumulated Cr(VI) was reduced to the less toxic Cr(III) within the plant.
What is the Code for the Code? Historical Cryptology Terminology

The cross-disciplinary nature of historical cryptology involves the challenge to find a terminology that is both consistent and accepted across the different disciplines and applicable in the single fields. In this paper, we propose a terminology based on concise principles developed by an interdisciplinary group of researchers. We present terms prominent in the study of historical cryptology, define them, and illustrate their usage. Our goal is to initiate and/or continue the discussion of how we use various terms for different types of historical encrypted sources, and their study. Our hope is that this paper will contribute to consistent and systematic usage of terms in the HistoCrypt community.
Sporadic Groundwater Upwelling in Deep Martian Craters: Evidence for Lacustrine Clays and Carbonates

While the surface of Mars may have had an active hydrosphere early in its history [1], it is likely that this water retreated to the subsurface early on due to loss of the magnetic field and early atmosphere [2]. This likely resulted in the formation of two distinct aqueous regimes for Mars from the Late Noachian onward: one dominated by redistribution of surface ice and occasional melting of snow/ice [3], and one dominated by groundwater activity [4]. The excavation of alteration minerals from deep in the crust by impact craters points to an active, ancient, deep hydrothermal system [5]. Putative sapping features [6] may occur where the groundwater breached the surface. Upwelling groundwater may also have played a critical role in the formation of massive, layered, cemented sediments in Sinus Meridiani [7,8], in the Valles Marineris [9], and possibly in Gale Crater [10], where the Curiosity Rover will land later this year. Understanding the past distribution, geochemistry, and significance of groundwater on Mars is critical to untangling the origins of deep alteration minerals, Hesperian sulfate deposits, and crater fill deposits at Gale Crater or in other locations.
Random Building Block Operator for Genetic Algorithms

Genetic algorithms work on randomly generated populations, which are refined toward the desired optima. The refinement process is carried out mainly by genetic operators. Most typical genetic operators are crossover and mutation. However, experience has proved that these operators in their classical form are not capable of refining the population efficiently enough. Moreover, due to lack of sufficient variation in the population, the genetic algorithm might stagnate at local optimum points. In this work a new dynamic mutation operator with variable mutation rate is proposed. This operator does not require any pre-fixed parameter. It dynamically takes into account the size (number of bits) of the individual during runtime and replaces a randomly selected section of the individual by a randomly generated bit string of the same size. All the bits of the randomly generated string are not necessarily different from bits of the selected section from the individual. Experimentation with 17 test functions, 34 test cases and 1020 test runs proved the superiority of the proposed dynamic mutation operator over single-point mutation operator with 1%, 5% and 8% mutation rates and the multipoint mutation operator with 5%, 8% and 15% mutation rates.
Designing Data Physicalisations - using physical Image Schema Instantiations

In an iterative design process, we created Image Schema Instantiations, an inspirational tool, to make image schema theory easily accessible for designers of data physicalisations, with the aim to foster creativity and intuitive mappings of abstract data to physical properties. The workshop provides Image Schema Instantiations as inspirational tool for a data physicalisation design session. It enables participants to gather experience in designing data physicalisations and to compare design sessions with and without Image Schema Instantiations. A structured reflection and feedback session helps to evaluate the impact of the Image Schema Instantiations. Aim of this workshop is to provide researchers the opportunity to utilize the Image Schema Instantiations directly in the design process and reflect on the usefulness of the tool.
Study of an Endangered Species Enhancement Program in Coastal Wetlands: Public Perceptions and Management Strategies

Understanding what motivates pUblic perception and actions is important in assessing public response and forecasting the success of resource management plans. Failure of the policy makers to foresee public reaction can result in expensive delays, bad press and lengthy court battles which at best, increases the cost of implementation and at worst stops resource management projects altogether. An endangered species management program was stopped at the Seal Beach National Wildlife Refuge in Southern California when an animal right's organization protested the euthanizing of non-native red foxes which were decimating endangered populations of California Least terns and Clapper rails in the coastal wetland. The animals right's organization valued the red fox and perceived the management practice as unacceptable. This study was conducted to determine the perceptions of the general public in regards to the species involved and management plan. Through a survey of a three specific sample populations, it was found that over half of the respondents valued the endangered birds and believed that they should be protected even if it meant euthanizing the red foxes. The public would have preferred' other methods to remove the foxes and protect the birds but were not willing to pay for alternative, more costly management practices. Final'ly, the pUblic had a clear preference for a "natural" management plan in which native coyotes were re-introduced to the coastal wetland to establish a better balanced habitat.
Proceeding of Mulawarman Pharmaceuticals

Cancer is deadly disease that can spread until to bones known as bone metastases. Cancer therapy is expensive treatment that needed know in its handling, one of them is radiopharmaceutical. Radiopharmaceutical using as cancer therapy has high risk until need detail guideline in it using. The literature search that use radiophamaceutical as bone metastases therapy carry out with critical appraisal technique on search engine i.e google scholar, pubmed, and science direct. The search result gets 3 utilization radiopharmaceuticals in Indonesia i.e strontium, rhenium, samarium. Radiopharmaceutical using as bone metastases therapy shows success, but still has some side effects
Efficient Implementation of the Vector-Valued Kernel Ridge Regression for the Parametric Modeling of the Frequency-Response of a High-Speed Link

This paper presents an efficient implementation of the vector-output kernel Ridge regression (KRR). The proposed approach is applied to model the frequency-domain behavior of the magnitude of the transfer function of a parametric high-speed link as function of 11 parameters. The accuracy and the computational cost of the proposed technique are assessed on noisy samples and compared with the ones of a state-of-the-art modeling technique based on the combination of the principal components analysis (PCA) and the least-squares support vector machine (LS-SVM) regression.
Structure crustale de la Marge transformante de Côte-d'Ivoire - Ghana déduite des observations de gravimétrie en mer

Crustal structure of the Ivory Coast-Ghana transform margin as deduced from gravity data Abstract - Marine gravity data recently recorded (Equamarge II cruise, 1988) along the Ivory Coast-Ghana transform margin have allowed to map the anomalies and to establish a preliminary crustal model of that margin. The model indicates that: (a) within the surveyed area the continental crust remains rather thick (23 km); (b) beneath the Ivory ridge exists a slight crustal root, bordered by a sharp Moho shoaling (15 km), nearby the transition with the oceanic crust: (c)jinally. a thickening of oceanic layers II and III suggests either a former transpressive tectonic setting or crustal flowage mechanisms. I
Keeping a laboratory notebook

Le Monnier, the eighteenth-century astronomer, observed Uranus twelve times, but decided that i t was a fixed star, not a planet. Thegrent discovery fell to Herschel, who identified L'ranus correctly in 1781. Historians have since decided Le Monnier's mistake was due at least in part to his hahit of writing measurements on scraps of paper-including a paper bag originally containing hair powder ( 1 ) . The keeping of good records is essential in a laboratory: a second example is provided by the case of Daniel Drnwbaugh v. Alexander Graham Bell. Rrll filed a patent application for the teleohone in 1875: Lhawhaueh sued. claimine the inven~~ ~ . ~ tion for his own and at'court witnesses who testified he had discussed a crude teleohone with them. Rut this uersonal testimony did not convince the Supreme Court, which reiected Drawbaueh's claims lareelv on the basis of his inagility to single propezy dated piece of paper describing the invention (2). A th&d, contemporary instance of the importance of laboratorv notebooks is orovided bv the case of Gordon Gould, who as a young physkist filed application for a basiclaser patent in 1959. Gould failed to get the patent, which was awarded instead in 1960 to Charles Townes and Arthur Schawlow. Gould went to court, claiming he was the true inventor. His challenge was based in part on his research notebook which showed,amongother items, asketch,astatement of the main idea. and n derivation of the acronvm LASKR-~ ~ ~ . ~ ~~ Light Amplification by Stimulated s mission-of Radiation (3). In October 1977, after a series of litigated oppositions, Gould was eranted a oatent for onticallv n u m ~ e d laser amplifiers. he world market has been estimated a i between 100 million and 200 million dollars. As these examples suggest, well-kept notebooks are valuable documents. Thev nrovide comulete, accurate records of . ongoing work. In the event of litigation or contests for patent rights, thev are submitted as evidence. Thev serve the important rolk of corroboration should the reseGher or inventor have to Drove origin or substantiate statements and conclusions. he^ are vnluable documents to validate a company's claims to funds spent for research, particularly in support of ~ tax deductions. The uses of laboratory notebooks are not limited to legal issues. Thev are vehicles for organizine and focusine the thinking of the writer, as well as b2ng receptacles for deLailed procedural information that might not be available in highly compressed journal articles. Finally, they may serve not only the researcher or inventor but also the vublic. If ~ roue r ly . maintained, they are a record of success and failure, a safeguard against error and carelessness in such important areas as the testing of drugs and chemicals.
Costs of eutrophication at the Vaal River system : an integrated economic model

Currently 35 per cent of the total water storage available in South African dams has deteriorated in water quality due to excessive nutrient loading. Eutrophication poses a significant threat to freshwater resources in South Africa. Although there are policies in place to deal with this threat, the problem of eutrophication still persists. The main goal of this study was to investigate the existence of tradeoffs between the different economic costs associated with eutrophication in the Vaal River System. This was done with the aim of understanding the water quality management policy implications that follow as a result of the existence of tradeoffs between the different economic costs associated with eutrophication in the Vaal River System. This study contributed to the understanding of the current and historic impact of eutrophication on the Vaal River System. Using Seemingly Unrelated Regressions (sample period 1996 – 2006), similar to De Villiers (2009) and Mostert (2009), this study revealed that the impact of eutrophication on property prices in the study areas was not discernible. This study further confirmed that eutrophication had an economic impact on agriculture and water treatment. Future research is necessary to estimate coefficients in the case of extreme eutrophication level changes. Estimation techniques such as System Wide Dynamic Modelling, which combines traditional data and expert opinion, can capture the impacts of extreme eutrophication level changes. COSTS OF EUTROPHICATION ii
Euro Area Labour Markets: Different Reaction to Shocks?

We present a new macro tool for monitoring and forecasting labour market developments across the six largest euro area countries. The model is primarly empirical but relies on theoretical underpinning in the derivation of the trends. This paper presents a new macro tool for monitoring and forecasting labour market developments across the six largest euro area countries, namely Germany, France, Italy, Spain, the Netherlands and Belgium. The model consists of a set of labour market equations (labour force, labour demand, wage curve, production function, relative prices, hours worked) which are jointly estimated, thereby providing a consistent pull of estimates for labour market quantities and prices. In particular, the model is able to distinguish between intensive (hours worked per person) and the extensive (persons employed) margins. The forecasting properties of the estimated model are satisfactory as they generally improve on rst and second order VAR models and random walk processes. The paper also shows that labour market adjustments di er substantially across euro area countries, as it emerges from the contributions of the longterm drivers and short-term shocks to key labour market developments. A small labour market model for the six largest euro area countries (Germany, France, Italy, Spain, the Netherlands, Belgium) is estimated in a state space framework. The model entails, in the long run, four driving forces: a trend labour force component, a trend labour productivity component, a long-run in ation rate and a trend hours worked component. The short run dynamics is governed by a VAR model including six shocks. The state-space framework is convenient for the decomposition of endogenous variables in trends and cycles, for shock decomposition, for incorporating external judgements, and for running conditional projections. The forecast performance of the model is rather satisfactory. The model is used to carry out a policy experiment with the objective of investigating whether euro area countries di er in the labour market adjustment to a reduction in labour costs. Results suggest that, following the 2008-2009 recession, moderate wage growth would signi cantly help delivering a more job-intense recovery. see full paper attached
Impacts of policy on U.S. agricultural trade

This report examines the agricultural trade policy environment surrounding the 1985 farm legislation. The report has several central themes. First, U.S. domestic farm programs project a trade policy to other nations; that is, the trade effects of U.S. policies are not neutral. Second, the trade effects of U.S. policies differ according to the export demand situation facing the United States. Third, macroeconomic policies could have a major impact on achieving the,objectives of U.S. farm policy established in the 1985 farm legislation.
Xrn1 biochemically associates with eisosome proteins after the post diauxic shift in yeast

mRNA degradation is one of the main steps of gene expression, and a key player is the 5’-3’ exonuclease Xrn1. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae , it was previously shown, by a microscopy approach, that Xrn1 is located to different cellular compartments, depending on physiological state. During exponential growth, Xrn1 is distributed in the cytoplasm, while it co-localizes with eisosomes after the post-diauxic shift (PDS). Here, we biochemically characterize the Xrn1-associated complexes in different cellular states. We demonstrate that, after PDS, Xrn1 but not the decapping nor Lsm1-7/Pat1 complexes associates with eisosomal proteins, strengthening the model that sequestration of Xrn1 in eisosomes preserves mRNAs from degradation during PDS.
Study of Patients with Acute Visual Loss

Background : Acute vision loss can be transient (lasting < 24 h) or persistent (lasting > 24 h). When evaluating a patient with acute vision loss, it is important to determine whether the vision loss affected one eye or both eyes. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 90% of the 285 million visually impaired people in the world live in low-income countries. Aim : To Study the possible neurological causes in the patients presented by acute visual loss. Patients and methods : This prospective observational study included 60 patients with acute visual loss of different ages, and sex recruited from the Neurology department and out patients referred from ophthalmology departments of Al-Azher University Hospital (Assiut) from beginning of March 2021 to the end of August 2021. Results : Our study revealed that the most common cause of acute visual loss in the studied patients was optic neuritis which observed in 22 (36.67%), followed by Non-arteritic -AION in 18 (30.00%) of patients, the least etiology was Functional (8.33%). Conclusion : Among different diseases, vascular conditions may present monocularly or binocularly in the form of ischemic optic neuropathies or cerebral infarction. Diagnosis of functional vision loss must be considered after excluding all other organic causes of acute vision loss.