Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Presence of Anaplasma spp. and Their Associated Antibodies in the Swedish Goat Population

Simple Summary Anaplasmosis is a bacterial disease that has a severe impact on livestock production, such as reduced milk yield, poor growth and increased susceptibility to other diseases. This pilot study investigated the presence of Anaplasma bacteria and associated antibodies in blood samples collected from a subset of the Swedish goat population. The samples were analysed using polymerase chain reaction and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. One of 40 goats tested positive for the presence of genetic material from the bacteria, while 33% of the serum samples contained antibodies for anaplasmosis. These results indicate that anaplasmosis is widespread in the goat population in certain areas of Sweden. More research is needed to understand the impact of anaplasmosis on Swedish goats and goat farmers. Abstract Anaplasmosis is a tick-borne disease that has a severe impact on livestock production and welfare. The aim of this pilot study was to investigate the presence of Anaplasma spp. and associated antibodies in a subset of the Swedish goat population. In 2020, six goat herds located in different parts of Sweden were visited and whole blood and serum samples were collected. The whole blood samples (n = 40) were analysed for the presence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum, A. ovis and A. capra using quantitative and conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The serum samples (n = 59) were analysed for the presence of antibodies to Anaplasma spp. using a commercial competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the same analysis was carried out on additional serum samples previously collected in 2018, 2019 and 2020 (n = 166). One goat (2.5%) tested positive for the presence of A. phagocytophilum genetic material, while the seropositivity rate ranged from 20 to 71%, depending on the surveyed year and area. These results indicate widespread exposure to Anaplasma spp. in the Swedish goat population. To inform future risk assessments and control efforts, further research is warranted to determine the prevalence of anaplasmosis and its impact on goat farming in Sweden.
Pre-Transplant Total Lymphocyte Count Determines Anti-Thymocyte Globulin Exposure, Modifying Graft-versus-Host Disease Incidence and Post-Transplant Thymic Restoration: A Single-Center Retrospective Study

The use of anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) as part of conditioning to prevent graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) may severely impair immune reconstitution (IR). We analyzed relationships between ATG exposure, the recipient lymphocyte count, IR, and transplant outcome. We retrospectively reviewed patients aged ≤ 18 years who underwent allogeneic HSCT between April 2005 and April 2020. The outcomes of interest included the incidence of GVHD, overall survival (OS), and IR. IR was analyzed through thymic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and by quantifying T CD4+ and recent thymic emigrants (RTEs). The ATG-exposed group was split into a low ATG/lymphocyte ratio subgroup (ratio < 0.01) and a high ATG/lymphocyte ratio subgroup (ratio > 0.01). The low ratio subgroup had a higher incidence of GVHD (29 [59%] vs. 7 [16.6%]) but a better IR in both laboratory and MRI imaging assessments (p < 0.0001). The median thymic volume in the low ratio subgroup was significantly higher (14.7 cm3 vs. 4.5 cm3, p < 0.001). This was associated with a better OS and lower transplant-related mortality (TRM) (80.4% vs. 58.0%, p = 0.031) and (13.1% vs. 33.0%, p = 0.035). An individualized approach to ATG dosing allows for the obtainment of rapid thymic reconstitution and the best transplant-related outcomes.
Supercurrent decay in underdamped Josephson junctions: Nonstationary case

The decay of the zero voltage state in the presence of noise is investigated in connection with the general problem of a particle in a metastable state of a one‐dimensional potential. A large number of important works have considered this problem on the basis of the analysis developed in the pioneering work by Kramers which stems from the condition of a thermal energy kT, small with respect to the potential barrier U0. This assumption legitimatizes the use of the stationary solutions of the Fokker–Planck equation. In the present work we developed an analysis in terms of the classical first‐passage time problem due to Stratonovich whose results do not require the prescription kT≪U0. We confine attention to the case of very small damping which is of great interest in the context of Josephson junctions. Distributions of the switching currents are obtained which possess the correct normalization. Such a requirement cannot be satisfied by Kramers’ results. Discrepancies between the two approaches and the influ.
The ‘Nigerian Diet’ and Its Evolution: Review of the Existing Literature and Household Survey Data

Natural and social science studies have commonly referenced a ‘typical’ or ‘habitual’ Nigerian diet, without defining what such a diet entails. Our study, based on a systematic review of the existing literature and an analysis of household-level survey data, describes the general outline of a common Nigerian diet and how it varies based on spatial, demographic, and socio-economic characteristics. We further try to establish whether Nigeria has embarked on a dietary transition common in most modern economies, marked by a greater consumption of processed foods, fats, and sugar at the expense of traditional whole cereals and pulses. We conclude that while a traditional Nigerian diet is still relatively healthy from an international perspective, it has indeed been transitioning, with an increasing inclusion of high-energy, high-fat, and high-sugar processed foods and a related growing incidence of overweight, obesity, and diet-related non-communicable diseases.
New N = 1 dualities from orientifold transitions Part I : field theory

We report on a broad new class of N = 1 gauge theory dualities which relate the worldvolume gauge theories of D3 branes probing different orientifolds of the same Calabi-Yau singularity. In this paper, we focus on the simplest example of these new dualities, arising from the orbifold singularity C/Z3. We present extensive checks of the duality, including anomaly matching, partial moduli space matching, matching of discrete symmetries, and matching of the superconformal indices between the proposed duals. We then present a related duality for the dP1 singularity, as well as dualities for the F0 and Y 4,0 singularities, illustrating the breadth of this new class of dualities. In a companion paper, we show that certain infinite classes of geometries which include C/Z3 and dP1 all exhibit such dualities, and argue that their ten-dimensional origin is the SL(2,Z) self-duality of type IIB string theory.
Higher spin currents with arbitrary N in the N = 1 stringy coset minimal model

In the N = 1 supersymmetric coset model based on (A N−1 ⊕A (1) N−1, A (1) N−1) at level (k,N), the lowest N = 1 higher spin supercurrent with spins-( 2 , 3), in terms of two independent numerator WZW currents, is reviewed. By calculating the operator product expansions (OPE) between this N = 1 higher spin supercurrent and itself, the next two N = 1 higher spin supercurrents can be generated with spins-(72 , 4) and (4, 9 2). These four currents are polynomials of degree 3, 4, 4, 4 in the first numerator WZW currents with level k. The complete nonlinear OPE of the lowest N = 1 higher spin supercurrent for general N is obtained. The three-point functions involving two scalar primaries with one spin-2 current or spin-3 current are calculated in the large N limit for all values of the ’t Hooft coupling. In particular, the light states that appeared in the case when the second level was fixed by 1 are no longer light ones because the eigenvalues are finite in the large N limit.
1D/2D switchable grating based on field-induced polymer stabilized blue phase liquid crystal

We present a 1D/2D switchable grating based on field-induced polymer stabilized blue phase liquid crystal (PSBPLC). For 1D grating, the diffraction efficiency of the first order is 37.2% and the phase modulation depth of the 1D grating can achieve 2π. For 2D grating, more than 90% of light intensity is distributed to the surrounding orders of zero order and the phase modulation depth is about 3. 67π. Furthermore it shows fast phase modulation and 1D/2D switching time.
String Compactifications — Old and New

In this talk, after a lightning review of some old and some new string compactifications, I will mostly discuss recent work in compactifications with duality twists and their relation to the other compactifications such as orbifolds and flux compactifications. Much of the discussion here is based on work done in collaboration with Chris Hull [1]. A central program in string theory over the last twenty years concerns compactifications of the ten-dimensional string theory to four dimensions on some internal six-dimensional manifold. The six manifold must satisfy the string equations of motion which at low energies are the equations of ten-dimensional supergravity with thirty-two or sixteen supersymmetries depending on whether our starting point is the Type-II string or the heterotic string. I will restrict myself here to the lOd string theory, but many of the remarks can be generalized easily to eleven-dimensional supergravity. For phenomenological reasons, one wants at most N = 1 supersymmetry in fourdimensions so that the fermions can appear in chiral representations of the gauge group. For the heterotic string this means that the manifold of compactification must be a Calabi-Yau manifold, that is, a six dimensional manifold with 5(7(3) holonomy. For the Type-II string, compactifications on a Calabi-Yau manifold gives N = 2 supersymmetry in four dimensions. The N=2 compactifications, even though not useful phenomenologically, have been a rich source of data for exploring the highly nontrivial generalization of Riemannian geometry that string theory seems to provide. Mirror symmetry, which relates Calabi-Yau manifolds that are completely distinct at the level of conventional geometry but are equivalent at the stringy level, or geometric transitions within the perturbative or nonperturbative string theory which connect up completely distinct Calabi-Yau manifolds are just a few examples of the rich stringy phenomena that have been uncovered. The string equations of motion are equivalent to the requirement of superconformal invariance of the worldsheet and the low energy low energy supergravity equations typically receive higher order stringy corrections that become important when the compactifications manifold has large curvature. There is a subclass of string compactifications which can be studied exactly in conformal field theory. The simplest manifold for compactification is a torus that has no curvature and thus satisfies string equations of motion to all orders. Toroidal Compactifications
Proteomic Analysis of Proteins Related to Defense Responses in Arabidopsis Plants Transformed with the rolB Oncogene

During Agrobacterium rhizogenes–plant interaction, the rolB gene is transferred into the plant genome and is stably inherited in the plant’s offspring. Among the numerous effects of rolB on plant metabolism, including the activation of secondary metabolism, its effect on plant defense systems has not been sufficiently studied. In this work, we performed a proteomic analysis of rolB-expressing Arabidopsis thaliana plants with particular focus on defense proteins. We found a total of 77 overexpressed proteins and 64 underexpressed proteins in rolB-transformed plants using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and MALDI mass spectrometry. In the rolB-transformed plants, we found a reduced amount of scaffold proteins RACK1A, RACK1B, and RACK1C, which are known as receptors for activated C-kinase 1. The proteomic analysis showed that rolB could suppress the plant immune system by suppressing the RNA-binding proteins GRP7, CP29B, and CP31B, which action are similar to the action of type-III bacterial effectors. At the same time, rolB plants induce the massive biosynthesis of protective proteins VSP1 and VSP2, as well as pathogenesis-related protein PR-4, which are markers of the activated jasmonate pathway. The increased contents of glutathione-S-transferases F6, F2, F10, U19, and DHAR1 and the osmotin-like defense protein OSM34 were found. The defense-associated protein PCaP1, which is required for oligogalacturonide-induced priming and immunity, was upregulated. Moreover, rolB-transformed plants showed the activation of all components of the PYK10 defense complex that is involved in the metabolism of glucosinolates. We hypothesized that various defense systems activated by rolB protect the host plant from competing phytopathogens and created an effective ecological niche for A. rhizogenes. A RolB → RACK1A signaling module was proposed that might exert most of the rolB-mediated effects on plant physiology. Our proteomics data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD037959.
Delay-dependent output-feedback stabilisation of discrete-time systems with time-varying state delay

The output-feedback stabilisation problem is solved for discrete-time systems with time-varying delay in the state. A stability condition is first proposed, which is dependent on the minimum and maximum delay bounds. Based on this easily verifiable stability condition, the problems of stabilisation by static and dynamic output-feedback controllers are solved within the linear matrix inequality (LMI) framework. Since the obtained conditions for the existence of admissible controllers are not expressed as strict LMI conditions, the cone complementary linearisation procedure is exploited to solve the nonconvex feasibility problem. In addition, the obtained results, including stability analysis, static output-feedback stabilisation and dynamic output-feedback stabilisation are further extended to discrete time-delay systems with norm-bounded uncertain parameters. Numerical examples are also presented to illustrate the applicability of the developed results.
Neuroprotective Effects and Metabolomics Study of Protopanaxatriol (PPT) on Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury In Vitro and In Vivo

Stroke, one of the leading causes of disability and death worldwide, is a severe neurological disease that threatens human life. Protopanaxatriol (PPT), panaxatriol-type saponin aglycone, is a rare saponin that exists in Panax ginseng and Panax Noto-ginseng. In this study, we established an oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)-PC12 cell model and middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) model to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of PPT in vitro and in vivo. In addition, metabolomics analysis was performed on rat plasma and brain tissue samples to find relevant biomarkers and metabolic pathways. The results showed that PPT could significantly regulate the levels of LDH, MDA, SOD, TNF-α and IL-6 factors in OGD-PC12 cells in vitro. PPT can reduce the neurological deficit score and infarct volume of brain tissue in rats, restore the integrity of the blood-brain barrier, reduce pathological damage, and regulate TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, MDA, and SOD factors. In addition, the results of metabolomics found that PPT can regulate 19 biomarkers involving five metabolic pathways, including amino acid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, and glycerophospholipid metabolism. Thus, it could be inferred that PPT might serve as a novel natural agent for MCAO/R treatment.
Skill of Multimodel ENSO Probability Forecasts

Abstract The cross-validated hindcast skills of various multimodel ensemble combination strategies are compared for probabilistic predictions of monthly SST anomalies in the ENSO-related Nino-3.4 region of the tropical Pacific Ocean. Forecast data from seven individual models of the Development of a European Multimodel Ensemble System for Seasonal-to-Interannual Prediction (DEMETER) project are used, spanning the 22-yr period of 1980–2001. Skill of the probabilistic forecasts is measured using the ranked probability skill score and rate of return, the latter being an information theory–based measure. Although skill is generally low during boreal summer relative to other times of the year, the advantage of the model forecasts over simple historical frequencies is greatest at this time. Multimodel ensemble predictions, even those using simple combination methods, generally have higher skill than single model predictions, and this advantage is greater than that expected as a result of an increase in ensemble.
Convolutional Neural Network Predictions for Unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes-Based Numerical Simulations

The application of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to turbulent flow has been a considerable topic of research for many years. Nonetheless, using CFD tools results in a large computational cost, which implies that, for some applications, CFD may be unviable. To date, several authors have carried out research applying deep learning (DL) techniques to CFD-based simulations. One of the main applications of DL with CFD is in the use of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to predict which samples will have the desired magnitude. In this study, a CNN which predicts the streamwise and vertical velocities and the pressure fields downstream of a circular cylinder for a series of time instants is presented. The CNN was trained using a signed distance function (SDF), a flow region channel (FRC) and the t-1 sample as inputs, and the ground-truth CFD data as the output. The results showed that the CNN was able to predict multiple time instants with low error rates for turbulent flows with variable input velocities to the domain.
Characteristics of the Matuyama‐Brunhes Magnetic Field Reversal Based on a Global Data Compilation

Magnetic field reversals are irregular events in Earth's history when the geomagnetic field changes its polarity. Reversals are recorded by spot and continuous remanent magnetization data collected from lava flows and marine sediments, respectively. The latest field reversal, the Matuyama‐Brunhes reversal (MBR), is better covered by paleomagnetic data than prior field reversals, hence providing an opportunity to understand the physical mechanisms. Despite the quantity of data, a full understanding of the MBR is still lacking. The evolution of the MBR in time and space is explored in this work by compiling a global set of paleomagnetic data, both from sediments and volcanic rocks, which encompass the period 900–700 ka. After careful evaluation of data and dating quality, regional and global stacks of virtual axial dipole moment (VADM), virtual geomagnetic pole (VGP), and paleosecular variation index (Pi) are constructed from the sediment records using bootstrap resampling. Individual VADMs and VGPs calculated from lavas are compared to these stacks. Four phases of full‐vector field instability are observed in these stacks over the period 800–770 ka. The first three phases, observed at 800–785 ka, reflect a rapid weakening of the field coupled with low VGP latitude, after which the field returned to the reverse polarity of the Matuyama chron. The fourth phase, lasting from 780 to 770 ka, is when the field reversal process completed, such that the field entered the Brunhes normal polarity state. These findings point to a complex reversal process lasting ∼30 Kyr, with the reversal ending at ∼770 ka.
KETAMINE IN PERIOPERATIVE DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS (PDS) IMPROVEMENT - REVIEW

Anxiety and depression are the most frequent psychiatric disorders associated with organic diseases. PDS (Perioperative Depression Symptoms) represent a depressive episode which occurs mostly in the early postoperative phase. It was observed that the patients presenting PSD have a higher risk of postoperative complications, an increased length of hospitalization and a more reserved prognosis. A series of recent studies have shown that the usage of ketamine in small doses significantly reduces major depression symptoms in the short time after its administration. The ketamine blocks the NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptors, leading to the presynaptic release of glutamate and increasing the activity of dopaminergic neurons with antidepressant role.
Potential Applications of Thermoresponsive Poly(N-Isoproplacrylamide)-Grafted Nylon Membranes: Effect of Grafting Yield and Architecture on Gating Performance

This study illustrated the potential applications of thermoresponsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm) grafted nylon membranes with different grafting yields and grafting architecture. The thermoresponsive gating performance at temperatures below and above the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of PNIPAm (32 °C) were demonstrated. The linear PNIPAm-grafted nylon membrane exhibited a sharp response over the temperature range 20–40 °C. The grafting yield of 25.5% and 21.9%, for linear and crosslinked PNIPAm respectively, exhibited highest thermoresponsive gating function for water flux and had a stable and repeatable “open-closed” switching function over 5 cycle operations. An excellent oil/water separation was obtained at T < 32 °C, at which the hydrophilic behavior was observed. The linear PNIPAm-grafted nylon membrane with 35% grafting yield had the highest separation efficiency of 99.7%, while PNIPAm structures were found to be independent of the separation efficiency. In addition, the membranes with thermoresponsive gas permeability were successfully achieved. The O2 and CO2 transmission rates through the PNIPAm-grafted nylon membranes decreased when the grafting yield increased, showing the better gas barrier property. The permeability ratio of CO2 to O2 transmission rates of both PNIPAm architectures at 25 °C and 35 °C were around 0.85 for low grafting yields, and approximately 1 for high grafting yields. Ultimately, this study demonstrated the possibility of using these thermoresponsive smart membranes in various applications.
Final Products of the rp-Process on Accreting Neutron Stars

Using both shell-flash and realistic models on accreting neutron stars with the full nuclear reaction network up to Bi, we investigate the detailed relation between the final products of the rp-process and the ignition pressure. We find that nuclear fuels of H and 4He are almost burned out after the flash and that the mass number of synthesized nuclei reaches to ≃100 in the pressure range from 1023 to 1023.5 dyn cm-2 for a neutron star of 1.4 M☉ and 10 km radius. Furthermore, p-nuclei up to 126Xe are found to be produced after the flash, thanks to our large network. The postprocess nucleosynthesis for accretion rates of 3 × 10-10, 3 × 10-9, and 10-8 M☉ yr-1, which corresponds to an ignition pressure from 1022.7 to 1022.9 dyn cm-2, reveals that H is exhausted completely during the burst. This is because H decreases significantly as a result of the steady burning before the burst and convective mixing at the initial stage; we find that 64Zn is the most abundant element after the burst.