Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hubungan Gratitude dengan Psychological Well-Being pada Ibu yang Memiliki Anak dengan Down Syndrome di Komunitas POTADS Bandung

Abstract. Down syndrome is a genetic disorder that causes physical and mental retardation with characteristics that are specific to the physical state. People with down syndrome often experience adaptive behavior disorders. Where, they have difficulty adapting to the demands of everyday life according to their age range. This often makes the mother who is the closest figure to the child has many challenges and obstacles in educating and raising their children. This often makes psychological well-being of mothers who have Down syndrome children be low compared to mothers who have normal children. But what happened in the POTADS community is quite different, the mothers there feel there are still many things to be grateful for in life and they say the weakness of their children do not become a barrier to achieve something in life. This research is a correlational study and involved 48 respondents. The measuring instruments used are The Gratitude Questionnaire-Six Item Form (GQ-6) and Psychological well-being Scale (PWBS). The results of this study indicate that there is a fairly close positive relationship (rs = 0.596) between gratitude and psychological well-being. Keywords : Gratiude, Psychological well-being, Down Syndrome Abstrak. Down syndrome merupakan kelainan genetis yang menyebabkan keterbelakangan fisik dan mental dengan ciri-ciri yang khas pada keadaan fisiknya. Penderita down syndrome seringkali mengalami gangguan perilaku adaptif. Dimana, mereka kesulitan beradaptasi dengan tuntutan kehidupan sehari-hari sesuai rentang usia mereka. Hal tersebut seringkali membuat ibu yang menjadi figure terdekat dengan anak memiliki banyak tantangan dan hambatan didalam mendidik dan membesarkan anak. Hal tersebut seringkali membuat psychological well-being ibu yang memiliki anak down syndrome menjadi rendah jika dibandingkan dengan ibu yang memiliki anak normal. Namun berbeda dengan yang terjadi di komunitas POTADS, mereka merasa masih banyak hal yang harus di syukuri di dalam hidup dan mereka mengatakan keterbatasan yang dimiliki anak tidak menjadi penghalang untuk berprestasi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian korelasional dan melibatkan 48 responden. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah The Gratitude Questionnaire-Six Item Form (GQ-6) dan Psychological well-being Scale (PWBS). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan positif yang cukup erat (rs=0.596) antara gratitude dengan psychological well-being. Kata kunci : Gratiude, Psychological well-being, Down Syndrome
Influence of ammonia oxidation rate on thaumarchaeal lipid composition and the TEX86 temperature proxy

Significance The membrane lipids of marine Archaea form the basis of the temperature proxy called TEX86, which is used for paleoclimate reconstructions from the Jurassic to the present. To date there remains no satisfactory explanation for how planktonic Archaea are able to record water column temperatures, because TEX86 does not correlate well with in situ growth temperatures in the modern ocean. Here we show that the TEX86 lipid ratio changes in response to cellular growth rate, which is controlled by the ammonia oxidation rate. This implies that variation in the TEX86 ratio with water depth is influenced by the metabolic activity of Thaumarchaeota in the water column. Archaeal membrane lipids known as glycerol dibiphytanyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs) are the basis of the TEX86 paleotemperature proxy. Because GDGTs preserved in marine sediments are thought to originate mainly from planktonic, ammonia-oxidizing Thaumarchaeota, the basis of the correlation between TEX86 and sea surface temperature (SST) remains unresolved: How does TEX86 predict surface temperatures, when maximum thaumarchaeal activity occurs below the surface mixed layer and TEX86 does not covary with in situ growth temperatures? Here we used isothermal studies of the model thaumarchaeon Nitrosopumilus maritimus SCM1 to investigate how GDGT composition changes in response to ammonia oxidation rate. We used continuous culture methods to avoid potential confounding variables that can be associated with experiments in batch cultures. The results show that the ring index scales inversely (R2 = 0.82) with ammonia oxidation rate (ϕ), indicating that GDGT cyclization depends on available reducing power. Correspondingly, the TEX86 ratio decreases by an equivalent of 5.4 °C of calculated temperature over a 5.5 fmol·cell−1·d−1 increase in ϕ. This finding reconciles other recent experiments that have identified growth stage and oxygen availability as variables affecting TEX86. Depth profiles from the marine water column show minimum TEX86 values at the depth of maximum nitrification rates, consistent with our chemostat results. Our findings suggest that the TEX86 signal exported from the water column is influenced by the dynamics of ammonia oxidation. Thus, the global TEX86–SST calibration potentially represents a composite of regional correlations based on nutrient dynamics and global correlations based on archaeal community composition and temperature.
Theoretical investigations of bulk and surface properties of group II and group XII metal fluorides

Nanoscopic metal fluorides are of current interest in surface chemistry, as well as in optics and dentistry. Synthesized via the fluorolytic sol-gel procedure, they have shown to exhibit high surface area and to act as Lewis acids, due to the presence of coordinatively unsaturated cations on the surface. In this thesis, a variety of divalent metal fluorides, including zinc, calcium, strontium and barium fluorides, are investigated in different directions. Starting with zinc fluoride crystal, the bulk and surface structure of the rutile and CaCl2 modifications are examined by means of first principle calculations. The shape of the crystal in vacuum is predicted using the Wulff construction. In a way towards the understanding of the missing catalytic activity of sol-gel synthesized zinc fluoride nanomaterials compared to magnesium fluoride, as it has been shown by our experimental partners, the Lewis acidity of coordinatively unsaturated surface cations of rutile ZnF2 is investigated by modeling the adsorption of carbon monoxide on the low-index surfaces. Adsorption energies are calculated using density functional, Hartree-Fock and local Møller-Plesset perturbation theory (LMP2) for the periodic systems. The results show that the strength of the adsorption, which is a measure of the Lewis acidity, does not only depend on the number of missing coordination partners of the surface cations. Moreover, the reactivity of the surfaces is not uniquely determined by the Lewis acidity of the cationic sites, but the surface composition and the anions on the surface are of importance too. From a methodological perspective, DFT was shown to be adequate for a good description of CO adsorption, performing well compared to LMP2, while dispersion corrections on DFT strongly overestimate the adsorption energies. The bulk and surface properties of group II metal fluorides CaF2, SrF2 and BaF2, in fluorite crystal structure, are also studied in this work using periodic DFT calculations. Adsorption of hydrogen fluoride on low-index MF2 (M = Ca, Sr, Ba) surfaces is modeled at different coverages, using different computational methods. PBE and PBE0 are found to perform similarly for the adsorption structures and energies, both predicting a chemisorption in most cases with the adsorption strength increasing upon lowering coverage. Combining the quantum chemical results with surface thermodynamics, the stability of different terminations under temperature and pressure of hydrogen fluoride is analyzed. Using the Wulff construction, the shape of the crystals at finite conditions of temperature and hydrogen fluoride pressure is derived. The outcomes of these investigations suggest that all three materials expose clean surfaces at high temperature and surfaces covered with HF at low temperature. The predicted shapes of CaF2 and SrF2 nanocrystals are in good agreement with TEM images of sol-gel synthesized nanocrystals at room temperature and high excess of hydrogen fluoride.
ROBUST ALTERNATIV CONCERNING THE ARITHMETIC MEAN AN D DISPERSION

There are two basic methods of estimation parameter s th one where we are motivated to use the least s quare method and statistical testing and another one where we use ro bust procedure. The first is the so-called outlier diagnosis-method that attempts to identify which observations are correct or not. Incorrect observations are removed from th e data set and apply the method of least squares. The second method is the a pplic tion of robust techniques. This technique was developed to present resistance to outliers and systematic errors. Both tec niques have the same purpose, but the approache s re different in the sense in which the method is carried out in the opp osite direction. * Corresponding author.
Ecological and physiological peculiarities of bryophytes on a post-technogenic salinized territory

Taxonomic, biomorphological and ecological structures of bryophytes, their reproductive strategy and the main mechanisms of tolerance in the conditions of salinization were investigated. Bryophytes are the pioneers that have colonized the territory of a tailing storage that holds liquid waste from potassium-magnesium concentrate production of the Mining and Chemical Enterprise "Polymineral". Due to excess salts, the soil solution in the shore area of the tailing pond acquires high osmotic pressure. Three experimental plots which differed significantly in the level of the substrate salinity were laid at the distance of 3, 6 and 9 m from the reservoir for experimental studies. Water extracts of the substrates from the test sites showed the highest concentrations for sulfates – 10.4–64.6 mg Eq/100 g of soil and chlorides – 7.6–43.3 mg Eq/100 g of soil. It was established that the investigated areas of the tailing storage territory differed in the biochemical activity of the substrate, which was evaluated by its redox potential. On the areas of the uncovered substrate it was the lowest – 230 mV, which indicates anaerobiosis in conditions of very high salinization and moisture. Higher ROP values were determined at the sites of bryophyte cover distribution – 295–330 mV. The aim of the study was to determine the features of taxonomic, biomorphological and ecological structures of bryophytes, their reproductive strategy and to establish the main mechanisms of adaptation to the conditions of salinization on the tailing storage territory. 24 species and 3 varieties of bryophytes, belonging to 12 families and 16 genera were found on the shore of the tailing storage pond. The results of biomorphological and ecological analysis of bryophytes indicate the uneven conditions of the habitats and their considerable ecological plasticity. Among the bryophytes, mesophytes, xeromesophytes and meso-eutrophs, eutrophs with a life-form of low dense and loose turf dominated. In salinization conditions, dioicous acrocarpous mosses prevailed, the fertile turf of which, depending on the influence of abiotic factors, differed significantly in the number of sexual shoots, their ratio and productivity. Bulbils were found only on the tips of Bryum argenteum shoots. Along with Salicornia europaea L. , a euhalophyte, the leading role in the initial stage of overgrowth of the tailing storage area most often belonged to Didymodon rigidulus, Bryum argenteum, Funaria hygrometrica and Barbula unguiculata. The process of formation of bryophyte cover occurred along a gradient of decrease in salt concentration at the experimental sites. Adaptation of bryophytes to substrate salinity is due to a change in metabolic processes, which is manifested in an increase of the total content of carbohydrates and an increase of the cation exchange capacity of moss cell walls, which is the primary barrier that reduces the toxic effect of ions under salt stress.
Joint Learning of Embedding-Based Parent Components and Information Diffusion for Social Networks

Diffusion on social networks refers to the phenomena that opinions are spread via connected nodes. Given a set of observed cascades, the underlying diffusion process can be inferred for social network analysis. Earlier studies for modeling the diffusion process often assume that the activation of a node depends independently on the activations of its neighbors (or called parent nodes). Nevertheless, the activation of a node also depends on the connectivity of its neighbors. For instance, the opinions from the neighbors of the same closely connected social group are often similar, and thus those neighbors exhibit similar influence. Some recent studies incorporate the structural dependency of neighbors as connected components, which allow more accurate diffusion models to be inferred. However, the effectiveness of such component-based models often depends on how the components are identified. Existing methods are not designed to directly preserve the local connectivity of neighbors. In this paper, we propose to incorporate network embedding to enhance the performance of component-based diffusion models in social networks. In particular, we embed nodes in a social network in a latent vector space with local connectivity of the nodes preserved. Parent component identification then becomes a clustering task in the embedding space. A united probabilistic framework is proposed so that the parent components and the component-based diffusion models can be inferred simultaneously using a two-level EM algorithm based on observed information cascades. For performance evaluation, we apply the proposed model to both synthetic and real world data sets with promising results obtained. The empirical results also show how the use of the embedding-based framework can enhance both the component identification and the diffusion model.
The effects of nitrogenous fertilizer on the nutritive value of artificially dried grass

SUMMARY 1. A field trial in which a sward, predominantly of S. 24 ryegrass was fertilized with 248, 301, 532 or 589 kg N/ha showed that a maximal yield of 13·1 tonnes/ha of artificially dried grass could be obtained from four harvests in the year. 2. The materials harvested ranged in crude protein content from 10·1 to 23·6% and in apparent digestibility of dry matter from 72 to 76%. The amounts of the grasses voluntarily consumed by sheep were slightly and significantly lower for those containing the least N × 6·25. 3. In feeding trials with twenty-five steers, a barley diet was compared with a diet entirely of dried grass from the 3rd and 4th harvests from an area in the same field which had received 487 kg N/ha. The cattle given the barley diet consumed 8·7 kg/day and gained 1·22 kg/day. Those given dried grass consumed 8·9 kg and gained only 0·85 kg/day. Carcass quality of animals given dried grass was significantly lower than of those given the barley diet. 4. Calorimetric trials were made using two herbages from the first harvest (501, 532 kg N/ha) and all four herbages from the third harvest. In each of the six experiments three sheep were each given three amounts of a herbage, and in addition were fasted. Fifty-four calorimetric observations each lasting 5 days and eighteen fasting metabolism measurements were made. 5. With both 1st and 3rd harvests, methane energy losses fell and urinary energy losses increased with the level of N fertilization. Faecal energy losses were little affected by fertilizer application and the metabolizable energy (kcal/g D.M.) was 2·8 (11·7 kJ/g) for 1st harvests and 2·6 (10·9 kJ/g) for 3rd harvests. There was a slight decline in metabolizable energy/g D.M. with N application for the 3rd harvests. 6. The net energy values of the grasses for maintenance were 1·99 kcal/g D.M. (8·4 kJ/g) for the 1st harvested material and 1·84 kcal/g D.M. (7·7kJ/g) for the 3rd harvests. Net energy values for fattening, however, were 1·28 kcal/g D.M. (5·4kJ/g) for 1st harvests and 0·87 kcal/g D.M. (3·6kJ/g) for 3rd harvests. There were no significant effects of level of N fertilization. 7. The poorer nutritive value for fattening of the 3rd harvested grass, corresponding to an efficiency of utilization of metabolizable energy of only 33%, was contrary to prediction from equations relating nutritive value to either chemical composition or to metabolizable energy. The results of the calorimetric work, however, agreed with those of the feeding trial with cattle. 8. Combination of the results of the various trials showed that it was possible to obtain 1400 kg live-weight gain/ha from a system of husbandry based on high fertilizer use and artificial drying of herbage. With a barley system a maximal output/ha would be less than half this amount.
Book Reviews

We live in an era of personal improvement. Self-help books, seminars, DVDs, infomercials, and websites claiming to hold the secret to solve almost any personal problem and provide fulfillment abound. According to Marketdata Enterprises, the US self-improvement market is worth an astonishing US$9.6 billion, and an Amazon.com search of self-help books yields 152,890 results. Given the glut of resources and books promising the 3 (or 5 or 10) easy steps to a better life, can a new work actually make a significant addition to this saturated market? Moreover, can a serious psychological researcher contribute to this genre without sacrificing personal and professional integrity? A read through The how of happiness will lead to an adamant ‘Yes’ to both of these questions. Sonja Lyubomirsky provides an understandable (and do-able) guide to increasing happiness that speaks to a variety of audiences. The book moves beyond general self-help literature as her suggestions are based on empirically derived findings that have withstood rigorous scientific testing. Moreover, Lyubomirsky provides readers with concrete and decisive imperatives to become happier without stumbling into the trap of overextending research findings in the service of simplification.
Structure and Function of Plasma Membrane ATPase

INTRODUCTION . 61 PHYSIOLOGICAL ROLE OF THE PROTON PUMP . 62 Suggested Functions. 62 Evidence from Studies with Yeast Mutants . 63 Relationship Between H+ -ATPase and K+ Transport . 64 REGULATION OF PLASMA MEMBRANE ATPase ACTIVITy . 65 Factors Modulating ATPase activity . 65 Possible Regulation by Protein Kinases . 66 Transplasmalemma Redox Activity and the H+ -ATPase . 69 STRUCTURE AND MECHANISM OF (E-P) ATPases . 69 Evolutionary Relationships . 69 Alignment of ATPase Sequences Based on Structure Prediction . 7 1 Functional Domains . 80 Coupling Mechanism . 86 SUMMARY AND PERSPECTIVES . 88
Investigating floral choice in bees (megachilidae) using pollen metabarcoding.

viii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . ix TABLE OF CONTENTS . xi LIST OF TABLES . xiii LIST OF FIGURES . xvi CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1 Rationale for the research (nature and scope) . 1 1.2 Justification . 2 1.3 Aims . 3 1.4 Objectives . 4 1.5 Outline of thesis structure . 4 1.6 References . 5 CHAPTER 2: POLLINATION: IMPACT, ROLE-PLAYERS, INTERACTIONS AND STUDY – A SOUTH AFRICAN PERSPECTIVE . 7 2.1 Abstract . 7 2.2 Introduction . 7 2.3 The value of pollination . 8 2.4 Plant-pollinator interactions . 9 2.5 Pollinator declines . 14 2.6 Managing pollinators . 15 2.7 Harnessing genetic methods to examine floral choice . 17 2.8 Conclusion . 23 2.9 References . 23
Geolocator tagging links distributions in the non-breeding season to population genetic structure in a sentinel North Pacific seabird

We tested the hypothesis that segregation in wintering areas is associated with population differentiation in a sentinel North Pacific seabird, the rhinoceros auklet (Cerorhinca monocerata). We collected tissue samples for genetic analyses on five breeding colonies in the western Pacific Ocean (Japan) and on 13 colonies in the eastern Pacific Ocean (California to Alaska), and deployed light-level geolocator tags on 12 eastern Pacific colonies to delineate wintering areas. Geolocator tags were deployed previously on one colony in Japan. There was strong genetic differentiation between populations in the eastern vs. western Pacific Ocean, likely due to two factors. First, glaciation over the North Pacific in the late Pleistocene might have forced a southward range shift that historically isolated the eastern and western populations. And second, deep-ocean habitat along the northern continental shelf appears to act as a barrier to movement; abundant on both sides of the North Pacific, the rhinoceros auklet is virtually absent as a breeder in the Aleutian Islands and Bering Sea, and no tagged birds crossed the North Pacific in the non-breeding season. While genetic differentiation was strongest between the eastern vs. western Pacific, there was also extensive differentiation within both regional groups. In pairwise comparisons among the eastern Pacific colonies, the standardized measure of genetic differentiation (FꞌST) was negatively correlated with the extent of spatial overlap in wintering areas. That result supports the hypothesis that segregation in the non-breeding season is linked to genetic structure. Philopatry and a neritic foraging habit probably also contribute to the structuring. Widely distributed, vulnerable to anthropogenic stressors, and exhibiting extensive genetic structure, the rhinoceros auklet is fully indicative of the scope of the conservation challenges posed by seabirds.
Answer Selection in Question / Answering

This thesis addresses the problem of answer selection in Question Answering (QA). Answer selection is one of the main tasks for QA and the best answer to be returned is selected in this step. For that, we propose AnSelMo, an ANSwering SELection MOdule based on the context where candidate answers appear. We tested AnSelMo in three distinct scenarios: ‘Who Wants to Be Millionaire? ’, the famous contest of multiple-answer questions, Question Answering for Machine Reading Evaluation (QA4MRE), a Cross Language Evaluation Forum reading comprehension task, and Just.Ask, the LF QA system. Results for WWBM surpass the state of the art, while for QA4MRE results are better than most of the 2011 competing systems’ results. We were also able to improve Just.Ask accuracy, by integrating AnSelMo on it.
Ecological niche modeling reveals manta ray distribution and conservation priority areas in the Western Central Atlantic

The Western Central Atlantic (WCA) hosts a population of manta rays whose distribution and habitat preference is poorly understood. Addressing this lack of knowledge will be essential to aid the effective implementation of targeted conservation measures. Here, we use ensemble ecological niche modeling to predict the monthly distribution of manta rays in the WCA using multiple sources of species occurrence data, and consequently identify core areas, which represent suitable habitat in all months of the year. Models suggest a seasonal cycle of expansion and contraction of suitable habitat from coastal areas in spring‐summer, to open ocean in autumn‐winter. Core areas are concentrated along the coast of the USA, Mexico, and Venezuela. Only 24% of predicted suitable habitat is encompassed by the present regional network of MPAs, and is intersected by numerous, heavily trafficked shipping lanes. Manta rays are slow‐growing animals that only produce a limited number of offspring; as such, this species is sensitive to even moderate increases in mortality rates. For this reason, the existing regional network of MPAs may offer them limited protection. As manta rays in the WCA are challenged by a complex landscape of threats and protective measures, future marine conservation planning in the region should explicitly address the conservation of manta rays, focusing on areas identified as key habitats for the species.
GC-MS ANALYSIS AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF SUDANESE CYPERUS ESCULENTUS (CYPERACEAE ) FIXED OIL.

Abdel Karim M 1,* and Fath El-Rahman A 2 . 1. Sudan University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, Dept. of Chemistry. 2. Omdurman Islamic University , Faculty of Education, Dept. of Chemistry. Manuscript Info Abstract . Manuscript History