Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
RR Lyrae Variables in the Crater II Dwarf Galaxy

We report the detection of RR Lyrae variable stars in Crater II, a recently discovered large and diffuse satellite dwarf galaxy of the Milky Way (MW). Based on B, V time-series photometry obtained with the Korea Microlensing Telescope Network 1.6 m telescope at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, we identified 83 ab-type and 13 c-type pulsators by fitting template light curves. The detected RR Lyrae stars are centrally concentrated, which ensures that most of them are members of Crater II. In terms of the distribution of RRab stars in the period-amplitude diagram, Crater II is clearly different from ultra-faint dwarf (UFD) galaxies, but very similar to the two classical MW dwarf spheroidal (dSph) galaxies Draco and Carina with Oosterhoff-intermediate (Oo-int) properties. Combined with the mean period of ab-type variables ( ) and the c-type fraction (∼0.14) in Crater II, this suggests an Oo-int classification for Crater II and implies that its nature is more like a dSph rather than a UFD. We also estimated the mean metallicity, reddening, and distance of Crater II, from the photometric and pulsation properties of the RR Lyrae stars. The stellar population model we have constructed indicates that Crater II is dominated by an old population, but is relatively younger than the oldest globular clusters in the MW. With a lack of high-amplitude short-period RRab stars, Crater II, like most of the other less massive dSphs, is probably not a surviving counterpart of the major building blocks of the MW halo.
Failure of the displaced-squeezed state for spin-boson models in the thermodynamic limit

We present an analysis of a variational coherent-squeezed state that has been discussed in the literature as a potential ground state for the spin-boson model. We show that when the system-size scaling of the spin-bath coupling is included properly, all squeezing effects and non-universal physics vanish in the thermodynamic limit. We also present finite-size corrections to the renormalisation of the spin's coherence, showing that squeezing effects are also absent to leading order in the inverse bath-size.
Pembentukan kelompok secara daring di Indonesia: Fenomena Sobat Ambyar

Sobat Ambyar merupakan salah satu fenomena yang sangat menarik mengingat kelompok fans biasanya terbentuk sejak awal seorang artis tersebut tenar. Berbeda dengan kelompok fans lain, Sobat Ambyar muncul ketika ada momen khusus yang meledak dengan salah satu konser dan menjadi viral dimedia sosial. Selain itu, Sobat Ambyar merupakan identitas yang melekat pada seseorang, terlepat dia tergabung dalam komunitas atau tidak. Maka, untuk melihat perbedaan dan bagaimana individu-individu mengidentifikasikan dirinya sebagai Sobat Ambyar dan melekatkan identitas tersebut pada diri mereka, maka penelitian ini dilaksanakan, terlebih istilah Sobat Ambyar merupakan identitas yang muncul dari media sosial. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif fenomenologis dengan melakukan wawancara terhadap inisiator Sobat Ambyar, ketua Sobat Ambyar Jakarta (SAJ), dan Komandan Sobat Ambyar. Hasil penelitian mengindikasikan inisiasi kelompok, tata nilai, pengakuan anggota, dan struktur yang berbeda, serta beberapa hal lain sedikit berbeda dimana SAJ memiliki tata kelola yang lebih terstruktur dan sedikit lebih kompleks dibandingkan kelompok Sobat Ambyar yang ada di Solo sebagai pusat. Hal ini dikarenakan latar belakang dan dinamika organisasi yang juga lebih kompleks.
THE PUZZLING NEGATIVE ORBIT-PERIOD DERIVATIVE OF THE LOW-MASS X-RAY BINARY 4U 1820-30 IN NGC 6624

4U 1820-30 is a low-mass X-ray binary near the center of the globular cluster NGC 6624 consisting of, at least, one neutron star and one helium white dwarf. Analyzing 16 yr of data from the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) allows us to measure its orbital period and its time derivative with unprecedented accuracy to be P = 685.01197 ± 0.00003 s and . Hence, we confirm that the period derivative is significantly negative at the >17σ level, contrary to theoretical expectations for an isolated X-ray binary. We discuss possible scenarios that could explain this discrepancy and conclude that the center of NGC 6624 most likely contains large amounts of nonluminous matter such as dark remnants. We also discuss the possibility of an IMBH inside NGC 6624, or that a dark remnant close to 4U 1820-30 causes the observed shift.
Squeezing: from numerical to conceptual problems

In the studies of the squeezing it is customary to focus more attention on the particular squeezed states and their evolution than on the dynamical operations that could squeeze simultaneously some wider families of quantum states, independently of their initial shape. We look for new steps in this direction, carried out by softly acting external fields which might produce the squeezing of the canonical observables $q,p$ of charged particles. The works on these problems collect so many valuable results that the question is whether something more is indeed something more in our knowledge. Yet we decided to present some exactly solvable cases of the problem which appear in the symmetric evolution intervals permitting to find explicitly the time dependence of the external fields needed to generate the required evolution operators. Curiously, our results are interrelated with a simple anti-commuting algebra of Toeplitz which describes the problem more easily than the frequently used Ermakov--Milne invariants. Some trending topics, as well as some fundamental problems in quantum theory, might also be involved.
Spin noise at an arbitrary spin temperature

An ensemble of spins oriented along the $z$ direction exhibits nonzero fluctuation in the transverse ($x$- and $y$-) components of the spin angular momentum in accordance with the uncertainty principle. When the spins obey a spin temperature distribution, the mean square fluctuation in $S_{x}$ can be calculated by ensemble average of the expectation value of $S_{x}^{2}$ with respect to an equilibrium density matrix $\rho =e^{\beta S_{z}}/Z$. The fluctuation can also be calculated from the fluctuation-dissipation theorem as has been done in literature in the context of NMR spin noise. For spin 1/2 particles in the high temperature limit, appropriate for many NMR experiments, the two methods are known to produce the same, temperature-independent spin noise. We show that inclusion of the zero-point fluctuation term in the original Nyquist relation extends this correspondence to an arbitrary spin temperature for any spin $S$. This indicates that the uncertainty principle-limited spin projection noise can be viewed as a result of the zero-point fluctuation in the thermal bath coupled to the spins.
Casimir forces in transmission-line circuits: QED and fluctuation-dissipation formalisms

Transmission-line waveguides can mediate long-range fluctuation-induced forces between neutral objects. We present two approaches for the description of these forces between electric components embedded in transmission-line circuits. The first, following ordinary quantum electrodynamics (QED), consists of the quantization and scattering theory of voltage and current waves inside transmission lines. The second approach relies on a simple circuit analysis with additional noisy current sources due to resistors in the circuit, as per the fluctuation-dissipation theorem (FDT). We apply the latter approach to derive a general formula for the Casimir force induced by circuit fluctuations between any two impedances. The application of this formula, considering the sign of the resulting force, is discussed. While both QED and FDT approaches are equivalent, we conclude that the latter is simpler to generalize and solve.
A Paradigm for Modeling and Computation of Gas Dynamics

In the continuum flow regime, the Navier-Stokes equations are usually used for the description of gas dynamics. On the other hand, the Boltzmann equation is applied for the rarefied gas dynamics. Both equations are constructed from modeling flow physics in different scales. Fortunately, due to the distinct separation of scales, i.e., the hydrodynamic and kinetic ones, both Navier-Stokes equations and the Boltzmann equation are valid in their respectable domains. However, in real physical application, there may not have such a distinctive scale separation. For example, around a hypersonic flying vehicle, the flow physics at different regions may correspond to different regimes, where the local Knudsen number can be changed in several order of magnitudes. With a variation of modeling scale, theoretically a continuous governing equation from kinetic Boltzmann equation to the hydrodynamic Navier-Stokes equations should exist. However, due to the difficulties of a direct modeling of flow physics in the scale between the kinetic and hydrodynamic ones, there is basically no reliable theory or valid governing equation to cover the whole transition regime. In fact, it is an unresolved problem about the exact scale for the validity of the NS equations as Reynolds number decreases. The traditional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is based on the numerical solution of partial differential equations (PDE), and it targets on the recovering of the exact solution of the PDEs as mesh size and time step converging to zero. This methodology can be hardly applied here because there is no such a complete PDE for flow physics in all scales. It may be the time to combine the modeling and computation together without going through the process of constructing PDEs. In other words, the CFD research is not only to obtain the numerical solution of governing equation, but also to construct a valid discrete governing equation to identify the flow physics in the mesh size and time step scales. In this paper, we are going to present the idea for the modeling and computation. This methodology leads to the unified gas-kinetic scheme (UGKS) for flow simulation in all flow regimes. Based on UGKS, the boundary for the validation of the Navier-Stokes equations can be quantitatively evaluated. The combination of modeling and computation provides a paradigm for the description of multiscale transport process.
Dressed qubits in nuclear spin baths

We present a method to encode a dressed qubit into the product state of an electron spin localized in a quantum dot and its surrounding nuclear spins via a dressing transformation. In this scheme, the hyperfine coupling and a portion of a nuclear dipole-dipole interaction become logic gates, while they are the sources of decoherence in electron-spin qubit proposals. We discuss errors and corrections for the dressed qubits. Interestingly, the effective Hamiltonian of nuclear spins is equivalent to a pairing Hamiltonian, which provides the microscopic mechanism to protect dressed qubits against decoherence.
On causality, apparent 'superluminality' and reshaping in barrier penetration

We consider tunneling of a nonrelativistic particle across a potential barrier. It is shown that the barrier acts as an effective beam splitter which builds up the transmitted pulse from the copies of the initial envelope shifted in the coordinate space backward relative to the free propagation. Although along each pathway causality is explicitly obeyed, in special cases reshaping can result an overall reduction of the initial envelope, accompanied by an arbitrary coordinate shift. In the case of a high barrier the delay amplitude distribution (DAD) mimics a Dirac δ function, the transmission amplitude is superoscillatory for ﬁnite momenta and tunneling leads to an accurate advancement of the (reduced) initial envelope by the barrier width. In the case of a wide barrier, initial envelope is accurately translated into the complex coordinate plane. The complex shift, given by the ﬁrst moment of the DAD, accounts for both the displacement of the maximum of the transmitted probability density and the increase in its velocity. It is argued that analyzing apparent “superluminality” in terms of spacial displacements helps avoid contradiction associated with time parameters such as the phase time.
THE LYMAN ALPHA REFERENCE SAMPLE: EXTENDED LYMAN ALPHA HALOS PRODUCED AT LOW DUST CONTENT

We report on new imaging observations of the Lyman alpha emission line (Lyα), performed with the Hubble Space Telescope, that comprise the backbone of the Lyman alpha Reference Sample. We present images of 14 starburst galaxies at redshifts 0.028 < z < 0.18 in continuum-subtracted Lyα, Hα, and the far ultraviolet continuum. We show that Lyα is emitted on scales that systematically exceed those of the massive stellar population and recombination nebulae: as measured by the Petrosian 20% radius, RP20, Lyα radii are larger than those of Hα by factors ranging from 1 to 3.6, with an average of 2.4. The average ratio of Lyα-to-FUV radii is 2.9. This suggests that much of the Lyα light is pushed to large radii by resonance scattering. Defining the Relative Petrosian Extension of Lyα compared to Hα, ξLyα = RLyαP20/RHαP20, we find ξLyα to be uncorrelated with total Lyα luminosity. However, ξLyα is strongly correlated with quantities that scale with dust content, in the sense that a low dust abundance is a necessary requirement (although not the only one) in order to spread Lyα photons throughout the interstellar medium and drive a large extended Lyα halo.
Aspects of finite electrodynamics in D = 3 dimensions

We study the impact of a minimal length on physical observables for a three-dimensional axionic electrodynamics. Our calculation is done within the framework of the gauge-invariant, but path-dependent variable formalism which is an alternative to the Wilson loop approach. Our result shows that the interaction energy contains a regularized Bessel function and a linear confining potential. This calculation involves no θ expansion at all. Once again, the present analysis displays the key role played by the new quantum of length.
Triple-Horizon Spherically Symmetric Spacetime and Holographic Principle

We present a family of spherically symmetric spacetimes, specified by the density profile of a vacuum dark energy, which have the same global structure as the de Sitter spacetime but the reduced symmetry which leads to a time-evolving and spatially inhomogeneous cosmological term. It connects smoothly two de Sitter vacua with different values of cosmological constant and corresponds to anisotropic vacuum dark fluid defined by symmetry of its stress–energy tensor which is invariant under the radial boosts. This family contains a special class distinguished by dynamics of evaporation of a cosmological horizon which evolves to the triple horizon with the finite entropy, zero temperature, zero curvature, infinite positive specific heat and infinite scrambling time. Nonzero value of the cosmological constant in the triple-horizon spacetime is tightly fixed by quantum dynamics of evaporation of the cosmological horizon.
The basic $dd^{\mathcal{J}}$-lemma

The purpose of this short paper is to further develop the theory of transverse generalized complex structures. We focus on proving some equivalent conditions to the basic $dd^{\mathcal{J}}$ -lemma. We justify our approach by describing the transverse symplectic structure in this language and relating the basic $dd^{\mathcal{J}}$-lemma to the surjectivity of the Lefschetz map. We also present a non-trivial example of a foliation endowed with a transverse generalized complex structure. Transverse generalized complex structures do not rely heavily on the existence of a bundle-like metric, which makes them a convienient tool to study some non-Riemmanian foliations.
Penetration of a vortex dipole across an interface of Bose-Einstein condensates

The dynamics of a vortex dipole in a quasi-two dimensional two-component Bose-Einstein condensate are investigated. A vortex dipole is shown to penetrate the interface between the two components when the incident velocity is sufficiently large. A vortex dipole can also disappear or disintegrate at the interface depending on its velocity and the interaction parameters.
Protecting quantum correlations of two qubits in independent non-Markovian environments by bang-bang pulses

We investigate how to protect quantum correlations for two qubits each locally interacting with its own non-Markovian environment by making use of bang-bang pulses. It is shown that the quantum discord dynamics presents the phenomenon of sudden change for some certain initial states. We also find that the amount of quantum correlation between two qubits can be improved by applying a train of pulses and protected more effectively with shorter interval pulses or longer reservoir correlation time.
Non-Gaussianities due to relativistic corrections to the observed galaxy bispectrum

High-precision constraints on primordial non-Gaussianity (PNG) will significantly improve our understanding of the physics of the early universe. Among all the subtleties in using large scale structure observables to constrain PNG, accounting for relativistic corrections to the clustering statistics is particularly important for the upcoming galaxy surveys covering progressively larger fraction of the sky. We focus on relativistic projection effects due to the fact that we observe the galaxies through the light that reaches the telescope on perturbed geodesics. These projection effects can give rise to an effective fNL that can be misinterpreted as the primordial non-Gaussianity signal and hence is a systematic to be carefully computed and accounted for in modelling of the bispectrum. We develop the technique to properly account for relativistic effects in terms of purely observable quantities, namely angles and redshifts. We give some examples by applying this approach to a subset of the contributions to the tree-level bispectrum of the observed galaxy number counts calculated within perturbation theory and estimate the corresponding non-Gaussianity parameter, fNL, for the local, equilateral and orthogonal shapes. For the local shape, we also compute the local non-Gaussianity resulting from terms obtained using the consistency relation for observed number counts. Our goal here is not to give a precise estimate of fNL for each shape but rather we aim to provide a scheme to compute the non-Gaussian contamination due to relativistic projection effects. For the terms considered in this work, we obtain contamination of fNLloc ∼ 𝒪(1).
The Effect of Different Natural Antioxidants on Meat Quality of Broiler Chickens

An experiment was conducted to assess the effect of natural antioxidants (black pepper, green tea, roselle and their combinations) on meat quality of broiler chickens. A total of 270 1 - day old Arbor Acre broiler chicks were randomly distributed into nine treatments of three replicates each (10 birds in each replicate) in a 2 x 5 factorial arrangement for 2 inclusion levels (0.5g and 1.0g per kg of feed) of natural antioxidants (Control (CT), Green tea (GT), Roselle (RS), Black pepper (BP) and combination (CM) of the 3 antioxidants). At the end of the feeding trial (at 8 weeks), nine birds per treatment were immobilized, slaughtered, dressed, weighed and cut into primal cuts. The growth (initial and final body weight gain, average daily feed intake and weight gain, and feed conversion) and blood assay (haematology and serum biochemistry) of the birds were monitored while the breast and thigh meat cuts were subjected to physico-chemical and sensory analysis. The result indicated that, among examined natural antioxidants, BP improved the bird’s live weight. High Density Lipoprotein value was highest (p<0.05) in control and closely followed by birds on GT, CM, BP and RS. The lowest blood (p<0.05) cholesterol was recorded in RS which was closely followed by GT and CM. Carcass evaluation showed that birds fed BP had better (p<0.05) live weight (2.05kg) and highest acceptability (p<0.05) for organoleptic properties. The breast meat weight was also highest (p<0.05) in BP. It was concluded that the natural antioxidants increased live weight, improved performance and reduced abdominal fat. RS reduced blood cholesterol while RS, CM (GT + RS + BP) inclusion improved serum total protein of broiler chickens. Inclusion of natural antioxidant in the diets of broiler is hereby advocated for achieving optimum broilers performance and meat quality.
Characterizing TW Hydra

At 60 pc, TW Hydra (TW Hya) is the closest example of a star with a gas-rich protoplanetary disk, though TW Hya may be relatively old (3–15 Myr). As such, TW Hya is especially appealing for testing our understanding of the interplay between stellar and disk evolution. We present a high-resolution near-infrared spectrum of TW Hya obtained with the Immersion GRating INfrared Spectrometer (IGRINS) to re-evaluate the stellar parameters of TW Hya. We compare these data to synthetic spectra of magnetic stars produced by MoogStokes, and use sensitive spectral line profiles to probe the effective temperature, surface gravity, and magnetic field. A model with K, , and kG best fits the near-infrared spectrum of TW Hya. These results correspond to a spectral type of M0.5 and an age of 8 Myr, which is well past the median life of gaseous disks.
Properties of Weak Lensing Clusters Detected on Hyper Suprime-Cam 2.3 Square Degree Field

We present properties of moderately massive clusters of galaxies detected by the newly developed Hyper Suprime-Cam on the Subaru telescope using weak gravitational lensing. Eight peaks exceeding a S/N ratio of 4.5 are identified on the convergence S/N map of a 2.3 square degree field observed during the early commissioning phase of the camera. Multi-color photometric data is used to generate optically selected clusters using the CAMIRA algorithm. The optical cluster positions were correlated with the peak positions from the convergence map. All eight significant peaks have optical counterparts. The velocity dispersion of clusters are evaluated by adopting the Singular Isothemal Sphere (SIS) fit to the tangential shear profiles, yielding virial mass estimates, M500c, of the clusters which range from 2.7x10^13 to 4.4x10^14 solar mass. The number of peaks is considerably larger than the average number expected from LambdaCDM cosmology but this is not extremely unlikely if one takes the large sample variance in the small field into account. We could, however, safely argue that the peak count strongly favours the recent Planck result suggesting high sigma8$value of 0.83. The ratio of stellar mass to the dark matter halo mass shows a clear decline as the halo mass increases. If the gas mass fraction, fg, in halos is universal, as has been suggested in the literature, the observed baryon mass in stars and gas shows a possible deficit compared with the total baryon density estimated from the baryon oscillation peaks in anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background.