Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of Children With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Who Develop Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor Induced Skin Reactions.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Anti-tumor necrosis factor (Anti-TNF) induced skin reactions are common adverse events in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We aimed to report on outcomes of children with anti-TNF induced skin reactions who switched to ustekinumab (UST) vs. continued anti-TNF therapy. METHODS Charts were reviewed for pediatric IBD patients with anti-TNF induced skin reactions. Skin reactions, including psoriasiform dermatitis (PD), were classified as mild or severe based on a severity score. Primary outcome was frequency of skin resolution at 6 months. Secondary outcomes were combined clinical remission and skin resolution at 6 months and skin resolution at last follow up. RESULTS A total of 111/638 (17%) children ((85, 21%) infliximab (IFX); (26, 11%) adalimumab (ADA)) developed skin reactions. 80 (72%) had PD, 25 (23%) infectious, and 4 (4%) alopecia areata. 71 (64%) continued anti-TNF and 40 (36%) switched to UST. 73 (66%) had severe reactions and were more likely to switch to UST than if mild (37 (51%) vs. 3 (8%); p<0.0001). Switching to UST had a higher rate and odds of resolution (29 (73%) vs. 24 (34%); p <0.0001; OR = 19.7, 95% CI: 5.6-69.5; p<0.0001) and combined remission (21 (52%) vs. 22 (31%); p=0.03; OR = 8.5, 95% CI: 2.5-28.4; p=0.0005) vs. continuing anti-TNF at 6 months. CONCLUSIONS Children who switched to UST after anti-TNF induced skin reactions were more likely to have improved outcomes than those who continued anti-TNF therapy. Future studies are needed to determine immune mechanisms of anti-TNF induced skin reactions and treatment response.
Comparison of novel stabilisation device with various stabilisation approaches: A finite element based biomechanical analysis

The treatment of spinal failure requires suitable instrumentation, which is based on numerous concepts such as rigid fixation, semi-rigid and dynamic stabilisation. In the present work, the biomechanical investigation of various fixation systems on the lumbar segment L2–L3 was performed employing finite element analysis. Different devices were considered: novel stabilisation device (NSD), rigid implant (RI) and existing dynamic stabilisation device (EDSD). All instrumented models were loaded with a condition of 400 N compressive force with a moment of 10Nm during flexion, extension, lateral bending and axial rotation. The results of range of motion change (RMC), von-Mises stress and strain were compared. The spinal biomechanics post instrumentation resulted significantly sensitive to the geometrical feature of the implant. The obtained results showed that NSD has intermediate motion characteristics in between dynamic stabilisation and rigid fixation. However, the optimum features of a novel stabilisation device for the treatment of spinal failure still need to be verified employing in-vivo, in-vitro studies.
Suicidality and antiepileptic drugs in people with epilepsy: an update

ABSTRACT Introduction Almost 15 years after the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued an alert about an increased suicidality risk with antiseizure medications (ASMs), there is still considerable debate on this subject. Areas covered This is a review of the role of ASMs in the context of suicide in epilepsy. Expert opinion After an explosion of research shortly after the FDA warning was released, only a limited number of studies were published in more recent years, and they did not overcome the limitations of previous studies. Overall, available literature does not support an obvious causal relationship between ASMs and suicide. On the contrary, studies are highlighting the complex relationship between suicide and epilepsy, strengthening the bidirectional relationship and the multifactorial origin.
Brain morphometric features predict medication response in youth with bipolar disorder: a prospective randomized clinical trial

Abstract Background Identification of treatment-specific predictors of drug therapies for bipolar disorder (BD) is important because only about half of individuals respond to any specific medication. However, medication response in pediatric BD is variable and not well predicted by clinical characteristics. Methods A total of 121 youth with early course BD (acute manic/mixed episode) were prospectively recruited and randomized to 6 weeks of double-blind treatment with quetiapine (n = 71) or lithium (n = 50). Participants completed structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at baseline before treatment and 1 week after treatment initiation, and brain morphometric features were extracted for each individual based on MRI scans. Positive antimanic treatment response at week 6 was defined as an over 50% reduction of Young Mania Rating Scale scores from baseline. Two-stage deep learning prediction model was established to distinguish responders and non-responders based on different feature sets. Results Pre-treatment morphometry and morphometric changes occurring during the first week can both independently predict treatment outcome of quetiapine and lithium with balanced accuracy over 75% (all p < 0.05). Combining brain morphometry at baseline and week 1 allows prediction with the highest balanced accuracy (quetiapine: 83.2% and lithium: 83.5%). Predictions in the quetiapine and lithium group were found to be driven by different morphometric patterns. Conclusions These findings demonstrate that pre-treatment morphometric measures and acute brain morphometric changes can serve as medication response predictors in pediatric BD. Brain morphometric features may provide promising biomarkers for developing biologically-informed treatment outcome prediction and patient stratification tools for BD treatment development.
Cohort profile: ‘Biomarkers of Personalised Medicine’ (BioPersMed): a single-centre prospective observational cohort study in Graz/Austria to evaluate novel biomarkers in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases

Purpose Accumulating evidence points towards a close relationship between cardiovascular, endocrine and metabolic diseases. The BioPersMed Study (Biomarkers of Personalised Medicine) is a single-centre prospective observational cohort study with repetitive examination of participants in 2-year intervals. The aim is to evaluate the predictive impact of various traditional and novel biomarkers of cardiovascular, endocrine and metabolic pathways in asymptomatic individuals at risk for cardiovascular and/or metabolic disease. Participants Between 2010 and 2016, we recruited 1022 regional individuals into the study. Subjects aged 45 years or older presenting with at least one traditional cardiovascular risk factor or manifest type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were enrolled. The mean age of the participants was 57±8 years, 55% were female, 18% had T2DM, 33% suffered from arterial hypertension, 15% were smokers, 42% had hyperlipidaemia, and only 26% were at low cardiovascular risk according to the Framingham ‘Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation’. Findings to date Study procedures during screening and follow-up visits included a physical examination and comprehensive cardiovascular, endocrine, metabolic, ocular and laboratory workup with biobanking of blood and urine samples. The variety of assessed biomarkers allows a full phenotyping of individuals at cardiovascular and metabolic risk. Preliminary data from the cohort and relevant biomarker analyses were already used as control population for genomic studies in local and international research cooperation. Future plans Participants will undergo comprehensive cardiovascular, endocrine and metabolic examinations for the next decades and clinical outcomes will be adjudicated prospectively.
Relationship Between Pemphigus Vulgaris Severity and PCR-positive Herpes Simplex Virus

Pemphigus vulgaris is a rare autoimmune skin disease. Although herpes simplex virus has been associated with autoimmune diseases, evidence regarding its association with pemphigus vulgaris exacerbations is scarce. This retrospective cohort study aimed to characterize the epidemiological and clinical features of patients with pemphigus vulgaris who were herpes simplex-positive, compared with those who were herpes simplex-negative, during disease onset. Of 62 patients with pemphigus vulgaris who underwent PCR testing for herpes simplex virus, 25 (40.3%) were positive, with a mean age of 56.1 ± 15.5 years; 35.5% were male. The herpes-positive group had significantly elevated levels of C-reactive protein, Pemphigus Disease Activity Index score, and shorter time to relapse. The time to remission, number of exacerbations per year, and remission status were non-significantly elevated in the herpes-positive group. Thus, routine testing lesions from patients with pemphigus for herpes simplex virus should be performed. If positive, antiviral treatment should be initiated; and preventive antiviral treatment should be considered in severe cases.
Traffic Engineering Dynamic Routing Based on Bandwidth and Hops

With development of network scale and hardware,router solution project based on Traffic Engineering has been more and more poprlar.And in the Traffic Engineering solution project,Traffic Engineering dynamic routing is an important part.So,we have analysed the current situation,and presented TE dynamic routing math model,which takes bandwidth and hops into account and presents routing rules.In the end,by the computer simulation,we validate the feasibility of the routing and advantage of the current shortest path priority routing.
The interdependence of machine learning and LC-MS approaches for an unbiased understanding of the cellular immunopeptidome

ABSTRACT Introduction The comprehensive collection of peptides presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules on the cell surface is collectively known as the immunopeptidome. The analysis and interpretation of such data sets holds great promise for furthering our understanding of basic immunology and adaptive immune activation and regulation, and for direct rational discovery of T cell antigens and the design of T-cell-based therapeutics and vaccines. These applications are, however, challenged by the complex nature of immunopeptidome data. Areas covered Here, we describe the benefits and shortcomings of applying liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (MS) to obtain large-scale immunopeptidome data sets and illustrate how the accurate analysis and optimal interpretation of such data is reliant on the availability of refined and highly optimized machine learning approaches. Expert opinion Further, we demonstrate how the accuracy of immunoinformatics prediction methods within the field of MHC antigen presentation has benefited greatly from the availability of MS-immunopeptidomics data, and exemplify how optimal antigen discovery is best performed in a synergistic combination of MS experiments and such in silico models trained on large-scale immunopeptidomics data.
Microbial Arsenic Methylation in Soil and Uptake and Metabolism of Methylated Arsenic in Plants: A Review

Arsenic (As) poses a risk to the human health in excess exposure and microbes play an important role in the toxicity of As. Arsenic methylation mediated by microbes is a key driver of As toxicity in the environment and this paper reviews the role of microbial arsenic methylation and volatilization in the biogeochemical cycle of arsenic. In specific, little is presently known about the molecular mechanism and gene characterization of arsenic methylation. The uptake of methylated arsenic in plants is influenced by microbial arsenic methylation in soil, thus enhancing the volatilization of methylated arsenic is a potential mitigation point for arsenic mobility and toxicity in the environment. On the other hand, the potential risk of methylated arsenic on organisms is also discussed. And the directions for future research, theoretical reference for the control and remediation of arsenic methylation, are presented.
Epigenetic drugs induce the potency of classic chemotherapy, suppress post-treatment re-growth of breast cancer, but preserve the wound healing ability of stem cells

ABSTRACT Epigenetic therapy augments neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in breast cancer and may aid post-surgical wound healing affected by NACT. Our study investigates: (1) The cytotoxicity of classic paclitaxel chemotherapy on triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) independently and in combination with epigenetic drugs. (2) The sustainable inhibition of breast cancer regrowth following paclitaxel and epigenetic therapies. (3) The effects of paclitaxel with and without epigenetic therapy on the post-treatment viability and wound healing potential of adipose stem cells (ASCs). Cytotoxicity assays were performed on TNBC and ASCs. Cells were treated and recovered in drug-free medium. Cell viability was measured via cell counts and MTT assays. W -ound healing was tested with scratch assays. The combination of epigenetic drugs shows increased toxicity against TNBC cells compared to standard chemotherapy alone. Moreover, the combination of paclitaxel with epigenetic treatments causes cancer toxicity that is sustainable to TNBC cells after the drugs’ removal with minimal effect on ASCs wound healing ability. The use of epigenetic drugs in addition to standard chemotherapy is cytotoxic to TNBC cells and prevents post-treatment recovery of TNBC while maintaining ASC wound healing ability. This strategy may be useful in maximizing post-surgical wound healing following NACT in TNBC.
Genetic modifications associated with sustainability aspects for sustainable developments

ABSTRACT Sustainable development serves as the foundation for a range of international and national policymaking. Traditional breeding methods have been used to modify plant genomes and production. Genetic engineering is the practice of assisting agricultural systems in adapting to rapidly changing global growth by hastening the breeding of new varieties. On the other hand, the development of genetic engineering has enabled more precise control over the genomic alterations made in recent decades. Genetic changes from one species can now be introduced into a completely unrelated species, increasing agricultural output or making certain elements easier to manufacture. Harvest plants and soil microorganisms are just a few of the more well-known genetically modified creatures. Researchers assess current studies and illustrate the possibility of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) from the perspectives of various stakeholders. GMOs increase yields, reduce costs, and reduce agriculture’s terrestrial and ecological footprint. Modern technology benefits innovators, farmers, and consumers alike. Agricultural biotechnology has numerous applications, each with its own set of potential consequences. This will be able to reach its full potential if more people have access to technology and excessive regulation is avoided. This paper covers the regulations for genetically modified crops (GMCs) as well as the economic implications. It also includes sections on biodiversity and environmental impact, as well as GMCs applications. This recounts biotechnological interventions for long-term sustainability in the field of GMCs, as well as the challenges and opportunities in this field of research. Abbreviations: GMCs-Genetically modified crops; GMOs- Genetically modified organisms; GE- Genetic engineering; Bt- Bacillus thuringiensisNIH- National Institutes of Health; FDA- Food and Drug Administration; HGT- Horizontal gene transfer; GM- Genetically modified; rDNA- Ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid; USDA- United States Department of Agriculture; NIH- National Institutes of Health Graphical Abstract
Role of primary cilia and Hedgehog signaling in craniofacial features of Ellis–van Creveld syndrome

Ellis–van Creveld syndrome (EvC) is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder involving pathogenic variants of EVC and EVC2 genes and classified as a ciliopathy. The syndrome is caused by mutations in the EVC gene on chromosome 4p16, and EVC2 gene, located close to the EVC gene, in a head‐to‐head configuration. Regardless of the affliction of EVC or EVC2, the clinical features of Ellis–van Creveld syndrome are similar. Both these genes are expressed in tissues such as, but not limited to, the heart, liver, skeletal muscle, and placenta, while the predominant expression in the craniofacial tissues is that of EVC2. Biallelic mutations of EVC and EVC2 affect Hedgehog signaling and thereby ciliary function, crucial factors in vertebrate development, culminating in the phenotypical features characteristic of EvC. The clinical features of Ellis–van Creveld syndrome are consistent with significant abnormalities in morphogenesis and differentiation of the affected tissues. The robust role of primary cilia in histodifferentiation and morphodifferentiation of oral, perioral, and craniofacial tissues is becoming more evident in the most recent literature. In this review, we give a summary of the mechanistic role of primary cilia in craniofacial development, taking Ellis–van Creveld syndrome as a representative example.
Study on the Seismic Performance of Box-Plate Steel Structure with Openings Modular Unit

The box-plate steel structure residence is a box structure with stiffened steel plates directly used as load-bearing walls and floors. In practical engineering, due to the functional requirements of the building, it is necessary to open door or window openings on the box-plate steel structure walls. To study the seismic performance of the box-plate steel structure with openings system, two three-story single-compartment box-plate steel structures with openings modular units were designed and fabricated according to the 1:3 reduced scale. Through the quasi-static loading test, numerical simulation, and theoretical analysis, the failure process, failure mode, lateral force resistant capacity, and hysteresis performance of the specimens were studied. The impact of the different opening areas and opening position on the seismic performance of the box-plate steel structure was emphatically analyzed. The results of the test indicated that the openings on the steel wall plate would reduce the initial stiffness and the lateral force resistant capacity of the specimen; the destruction of the box-plate steel structure with openings modular unit under the low cyclic loading effect started with the tear in the corner of the openings and ended with the tear in the corner steel wall plate. Then, the finite element analysis (FEA) models were developed to supplement the experimental study, and the comparisons were made between measured and simulated results on load versus displacement relationships and failure modes. On the basis of the stressing mechanism of the box-plate structure modular unit, the calculation equation of the lateral force resistant capacity of the box-plate structure with openings modular unit was put forward. Then, the proved finite element analysis (FEA) models were used for parameter analysis of different influence parameters to verify the proposed calculation equation. The results showed that the proposed calculation equation had high accuracy and could be used as a design basis for practical engineering.
Visible Patches for Haptic Rendering of Point Clouds

Unsorted three dimensional (3D) points are commonly acquired from modern tools and they become popular in many virtual reality applications. In order to produce the haptic feedback to enrich the interaction with the captured models, the point clouds are usually converted to structured meshes or implicit representations. The conversion is either time-consuming or not precise, making the haptic rendering with a low fidelity especially for small haptic proxies. We propose to locally reconstruct the points to balance the performance and quality for the haptic rendering of point clouds. We introduce visible patches on the point clouds by noticing that only the points which are visible to the haptic proxy form the candidate contact region. A computational model for the visible patches is introduced and a virtual coupling model is built to update the visible patches online for haptic rendering. The cases with noises and nonuniform samples are also discussed. We demonstrate our method on a set of synthesized and captured 3D point clouds. Various experimental results are collected and show the efficiency of our method.
Roughness sensitivity comparisons of wind turbine blade sections

One explanation for wind turbine power degradation is insect roughness. Historical studies on insect-induced power degradation have used simulation methods which are either unrepresentative of actual insect roughness or too costly or time-consuming to be applied to wide-scale testing. Furthermore, the role of airfoil geometry in determining the relations between insect impingement locations and roughness sensitivity has not been studied. To link the effects of airfoil geometry, insect impingement locations, and roughness sensitivity, a simulation code was written to determine representative insect collection patterns for different airfoil shapes. Insect collection pattern data was then used to simulate roughness on an NREL S814 airfoil that was tested in a wind tunnel at Reynolds numbers between 1.6 × 10 and 4.0 × 10. Results are compared to previous tests of a NACA 633-418 airfoil. Increasing roughness height and density results in decreased maximum lift, lift curve slope, and lift-to-drag ratio. Increasing roughness height, density, or Reynolds number results in earlier bypass transition, with critical roughness Reynolds numbers lying within the historical range. Increased roughness sensitivity on the 25% thick NREL S814 is observed compared to the 18% thick NACA 633-418. Blade-element-momentum analysis was used to calculate annual energy production losses of 4.9% and 6.8% for a NACA 633-418 turbine and an NREL S814 turbine, respectively, operating with 200 μm roughness. These compare well to historical field measurements.
Reaching Task in Rats: Quantitative Evaluation and Effects of 6-OHDA into the Striatum

Abstract In this study, we developed an evaluation method using image analysis for reaching tasks. Using this method, we studied forearm function during the reaching task in rats that received a unilateral injection of 6-OHDA into the striatum. The success ratio of the reaching task reduced to 40.5% seven days after the injection. In addition, significant changes were observed in the pronation angle of the forearm, posture control, and targeting (i.e., the distance between all fingertips and the center of the target pellet). Thus, unilateral injection of 6-OHDA reduces dopaminergic function in the brain and causes deterioration of forearm function and posture control in the reaching task.