Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Business models for the integrated use of photovoltaics in buildings

Climate change and the scarcity of natural resources have caused human being to explore and develop sustainable measures in many facets of life. With advent in the use of renewable energy, push and pull factors emerge to provide viable solutions to previous bottleneck situations, such as market penetration and financability. In the case of photovoltaic applications, apart from solar farms on ground, increasingly buildings are targeted as the venues for the distributed type of solar installations. Government policies and utility companies are also paving the way for increased opportunities of grid connection so that solar energy is becoming part of the energy supply network. For buildings, photovoltaic applications include roof-top, facade and sun-shaders. The latter two are often referred to as Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV), whereby solar equipment is incorporated into buildings during the erection process. Initially, the market for these applications was based on customer ownership, but business models have emerged and diversified. Nowadays, third party ownership is increasingly common, with power purchase agreements and leases forming the main contractual framework on the demand side. On the supply side, much horizontal and vertical integration have taken place, producing value chains which have increased efficiency and cost effectiveness. In this paper, the framework as proposed by Osterwalder and Pigneur (2010) will be used to analyse the value proposition, cost structure, revenue stream, etc. of recent business models. Examples of successful integration in the international arena will be given, whereas local constraints will be discussed.
Photovoltaic powered transormerless hybrid converter with active filter for harmonic and reactive power compensation

This paper proposed a Transformer less Hybrid SEries Active Filter (THSeAF) that upgrade the power quality in single-stage frameworks with steady renewable Photo Voltaic (PV) supply. It strengthens basic loads and carrying on as high-consonant impedance that does not below the critical loads, it cleans power system and guarantees the utilization of unity power factor. Here we manages energy management and power quality issues identified with electric transportation and concentrate on enhancing the electric vehicle load connected to grid. This depends on the Power Factor Correction (PFC) change with harmonic modulation technique that will give advancement of power factor in PFC operation. The control technique was intended to anticipation of current harmonic distortions with the nonlinear loads to control the flow of utility with no standard massive and expensive transformer. Power factor alongside AC side will likewise kept up to some esteem and furthermore dispense with the voltage distortions at the Common coupling point. Here we protecting sensitive loads from voltage twists, swells and sags as for control framework, without the arrangement transformer it is worthwhile for a modern usage. This paper was done with 2-kVA control showing the adequacy of the current topology.
Roselle Calyx Extract as an Antioxidant Supplement on Tris-Base Extender for Goat Semen

In this study, we used extract from Roselle (Hisbiscus sabdariffa L.) Calyx to determine its ability as an antioxidant supplement to improve motility, progressive score and abnormality of goat’s sperms. Pooled semen from four male goats with average of live body weight 34.4 ± 0.6 kg and body condition score 2.5 ± 0.1 were aliquot into two groups: Control group; 0 mg/ml and Treatment groups; (Treatment 1:13 mg/ml, Treatment 2: 20 mg/ml, Treatment 3: 33 mg/ml, Treatment 4: 43 mg/ml of Roselle’s extract. All the semen parameter was observed at 0 hour, 0.5 hour, 1.0 hour, 1.5 hours after semen collection. The supplementation of extender with 13 mg/ml, 20 mg/ml, 33 mg/ml, 43 mg/ml of extract from Roselle Calyx does not affect sperm motility, progressive score and morphology of goat (p>0.05). However, all sperm, regardless with supplementation and without supplementation of Roselle extract were maintained in good quality (60%) up to 1.5 hours. It is quite difficult to conclude that there are no effect of Roselle extract on sperm quality due to arise possibility of factors that may contribute to inefficiency effect of Roselle extract on sperm parameter. There were high possibility that the causes are due to inefficiencies of extraction method and/or degradation of anthocyanin pigment during extraction and storage process. Unsuitable extraction method could results in low yield and unstable of anthocyanin pigment. Moreover, temperature, pH and light causes the pigment to become unstable during processing and storage leading to degradation. Thus we suggest anthocyanin content monitoring in extract Roselle Calyx are required for future study.
Method development, validation, and application of liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry method for the quantification of amprenavir in plasma samples

A specific liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry spectrometric procedure for the quantitation of amprenavir drug in biological matrices was developed and validated. Chromatographic isolation was accomplished through a Zorbax C18 analytical stationary phase having the dimensions of 50 mm × 4.6 mm and particle size of 5.0 μm. Isocratic separation was processed with acetonitrile 0.1%v/v HCOOH in water and methyl alcohol in the proportion of 60:10:30 as a moveable system with a flow rate of 0.60 mL/min. Liquid–liquid extraction was carried out for drug and internal standard isolation with an ethyl acetate solvent. Parent and product ionic components were examined at m/z 506.2 → 89.1 for amprenavir and 367.1 → 350.1 for rilpivirine internal standard on the MRM (multiple reaction monitoring) mode. The linearity plot of analyte was rectilinear in the concentration over 0.15–1500 ng/mL with the correlation coefficient value of r 2 being >0.990. %relative standard deviation findings were <4.21% for intraday and interday accuracy and precision. The technique has good recoveries, and %recovery findings of LQC (low quality control), MQC(median quality control), and HQC (high quality control) solutions were 92.9%, 95.1%, and 96.4%, respectively. Amprenavir has more stability for longer time when subjected to different stability environments and the procedure was efficiently relevant to the regular investigation of amprenavir analyte in the biological matrix.
SIW Based Antenna Array with Power Equalization in Elevation Plane for 5G Base Stations

In this paper, we present a 5G base station phased antenna array concept based on the power equalization in the elevation cut. We designed aperture coupling microstrip patch array exploiting a substrate integrated waveguide structure as feeding line for realization of the cosecant radiation pattern in elevation cut. The antenna is designed to be operational at frequency about 28.5GHz targeting a candidate 5G mm-wave frequency band. The dimensions of the cosecant antenna array support wide-angle scanning in horizontal plane in the final phased antenna arrays. The antenna exhibits good impedance and radiation properties in the scanning range +/- 45deg.
Machine-Learning Model of Electric Water Heater for Electricity Consumption Prediction

The recent increase of smart meters in the residential sector has led to large available datasets. The electricity consumption of individual households/devices can be accessed in close to real time, and allows both the demand and supply side to extract valuable information for efficient energy management. Predicting electricity consumption should help utilities improve planning generation and demand side management, however this is not a trivial task as consumption at the individual household level varies with occupant behavior. In residential buildings, many loads have some power flexibility. One of them is water heater (WH), which accounts for up to 20% of home daily electricity use. Conventional methods for water heater power prediction, which heavily rely on physical principles, have limited applicability as their performance is subject to many physical assumptions. Recently, black-box models have gained huge interest due to their flexibility in model development and the rich availability of data in modern buildings. Black-box modelling methods can be further categorized into two types, i.e., statistical methods and supervised machine learning (ML). Since building operations are typically complicated and nonlinear, the resulting accuracy of simple statistical methods can be poor. Many ML-based, black-box approaches have the ability to characterize and forecast total energy consumption of commercial data. However, a paucity of research applying black-box methods have been tested on the hour ahead energy consumption forecasts for typical detached residential houses in the US. With the advances in smart metering, sub meter usage forecasts at the household-level is also gaining popularity for smart building control and demand response programs. This led us to develop black-box ML techniques to address the problem of residential hour and day ahead load forecasting of WH. The developed forecasting models are built using three common ML algorithms, support vector machines (SVM), Gaussian Naive Bayes, and Random Forest. Performance comparison among these ML methods was carried out. The results suggest that all models were able to correctly predict a greater proportion of the actual power consumption with prediction accuracy yields averagely between 94% ~ 96%. The SVM model performs the best, while the RF works the worst.
Pathological Findings in Cattle Slaughtered in Northeastern Algeria and Associated Risk Factors

Simple Summary Meat constitutes a very favorable ground for infectious or non-infectious diseases that can lead to economic losses and can also constitute a serious risk on public health. In this study, we determined the prevalence of the bovine diseases in a slaughterhouse in northeastern Algeria and the associated risk factors. The results showed a high frequency of animals presenting different lesions. The highest rate of pathological findings was observed on the liver followed by the lungs, whereas the lowest rate was recorded on the digestive system followed by the kidneys. In addition, the liver and lungs were more contaminated with hydatid cyst compared to other organs. Our data showed that females were more affected than males. Furthermore, young cattle from the local breed were the most affected. Our data confirm the importance of the bovine diseases requiring research in Algerian slaughterhouses and testify the real risk represented by the consumption of organs affected by these lesions. Therefore, it is crucial to implement an extension and control program in this region depending on the epidemiological aspect of the lesions. Abstract Meat is a food of animal origin, which can be contaminated by infectious, parasitic and other non-infectious agents responsible for diseases, which threaten the health of consumers. This still poses a public health problem in Algeria and in many countries. In order to assess the epidemiological situation of certain diseases in the Taher region in Jijel and to determine the influence of certain variation factors and to estimate the risk on public health, a study was extended over a period of 14 months on a total of 1756 cattle slaughtered at the Taher slaughterhouse. The results showed that 609 cattle (34.68%) showed lesions. The highest rate of pathological findings was observed on the liver (37.27%) followed by the lungs (30.21%). The lowest rate was recorded on the digestive system (0.33%) followed by the kidneys (1.14%). In addition, the liver and lungs were more contaminated with hydatid cyst compared to other organs (20.69%, 19.05%, respectively). Our data showed that the diseases affected more females (55.82%) than males (44.17%) (p < 0.001). Furthermore, cattle aged between 3 and 5 years were the most affected (43.51%) and local breed cattle showed more lesions (71.59%). These results testify to the real risk represented by the consumption of organs affected by diseases, and the need to recognize the agents of contamination and the mode of transmission and to implement an extension and control program in this region depending on the epidemiological aspect of the lesions.
Remaining Useful Life Prediction Model for Rolling Bearings Based on MFPE–MACNN

Aiming to resolve the problem of redundant information concerning rolling bearing degradation characteristics and to tackle the difficulty faced by convolutional deep learning models in learning feature information in complex time series, a prediction model for remaining useful life based on multiscale fusion permutation entropy (MFPE) and a multiscale convolutional attention neural network (MACNN) is proposed. The original signal of the rolling bearing was extracted and decomposed by resonance sparse decomposition to obtain the high-resonance and low-resonance components. The multiscale permutation entropy of the low-resonance component was calculated. Moreover, the locally linear-embedding algorithm was used for dimensionality reduction to remove redundant information. The multiscale convolution module was constructed to learn the feature information at different time scales. The attention module was used to fuse the feature information and input it into the remaining useful life prediction module for evaluation. The appropriate network structure and parameter configuration were determined, and a multiscale convolutional attention neural network was designed to determine the remaining useful life prediction model. The results show that the method demonstrates effectiveness and superiority in degrading the feature information representation and improving the remaining useful life prediction accuracy compared with other models.
Carrier transport properties of HPB CdZnTe and THM CdTe:Cl

Carrier drift mobilities of CdZnTe (CZT) grown by high-pressure Bridgman (HPB) method and chlorine doped CdTe grown by traveling heater method (THM) were measured by a time-of-flight (TOF) technique. A spectrometer grade crystal of HPB CZT shows room temperature electron mobility of 960 cm/sup 2//Vs and hole mobility of 56 cm/sup 2//Vs. Both electron and hole mobility of THM CdTe:Cl crystals are higher (1100 cm/sup 2//Vs for electrons and 88 cm/sup 2//Vs for holes) than that of the HPB CZT crystal. Both materials show a saturation of the electron mobility at low temperature around 100 K and a strong decrease of the hole mobility with lowering the temperature. A theoretical mobility calculation has been done by solving Boltzmann transport equation assuming several scattering mechanisms such as polar optical phonon, ionized impurity and alloy scattering. It is concluded from the comparison of the experimental and theoretical temperature dependence that shallow trap controlled mobilities are observed in both spectrometer grade CdZnTe and CdTe crystals.
Senior High School Students’ Experiences and Reflections on Ilokano Culture and Heritage Studies

This study aimed at exploring the Senior High School (SHS) students’ experiences of and reflections on Ilokano culture and heritage studies. This qualitative research involved twenty-five (25) purposively selected SHS students as participants. They were asked to write a reflective essay about their experiences in their qualitative research journey and their reflections on these experiences by answering five open-ended questions. The content-analyzed data showed that Senior High School students found qualitative research as a challenging and demanding task yet rewarding, remarkable, and memorable. The major difficulties encountered by student-researchers are related to recruitment, financial and resources constraints, work relationships with other researchers, and data collection, analysis, and interpretation. Moreover, it was concluded that students deemed qualitative studies as path to learning new things and (re)discovering one’s identity, culture, and heritage. Qualitative research journey yielded positive transformations in students and motivated them to come up with initiatives and advocacies in promoting Ilokano studies, culture, and heritage.
The internal dynamics of “scaling up” deliberative mini-publics

Recent deliberative systems research has emphasized the need to “scale up” deliberative mini-publics by exploring connections between mini-publics and broader arenas of policymaking. Less is known, however, about how the policy environment in a state or region might itself influence a deliberative event. In this article, we set out to examine how the internal dynamics of mini-publics are affected by the scaling-up process of connecting to larger policymaking domains. To better understand how the external role of deliberation affects the internal dynamics, we analyze two notable cases of deliberative forums addressing public problems. In both cases, the 2017 Our Coastal Future Forum in South Carolina and the 2020 Oregon Citizens’ Assembly on coronavirus disease-19 recovery, citizen participants grappled with the challenge of scaling up to larger policy outcomes. We conduct a thematic analysis of transcripts from both events, focusing on how citizens discuss their role in influencing policy and talk about the potential for policy output from the mini-publics. The analysis reveals that the scaling-up process invites a pragmatic orientation within deliberation, centering on issues of efficiency, scope, and efficacy.
A maturity assessment model for manufacturing systems

Purpose Assessment of manufacturing systems provides a baseline for manufacturing strategy (MS) formulation. The purpose of this paper is to develop and propose a maturity assessment model for manufacturing systems (MAMMS). The MAMMS provides a maturity index, in order to establish manufacturing system performance on five possible levels: preinfantile, infantile, industry average, adult, and world class manufacturing. Design/methodology/approach Three main steps were taken: MAMMS design; maturity-level assessment in two companies; and MAMMS validation. Based on an action-research process, several research tools, such as surveys, expert panels, and immersion in two manufacturing companies, were used. Findings By integrating 79 variables into a maturity index, the maturity level for two manufacturing companies was obtained. Considering three main components (competitive priorities, manufacturing levers, and manufacturing’s strategic role), the analyzed companies showed a performance at the average industry level. According to participants, the MAMMS is a valuable tool to support decision making in MS. Practical implications Empirical evidence supports the relevance of the proposed MAMMS and its practical usefulness. In particular, the maturity index identifies strengths and weaknesses in the manufacturing system, providing a baseline from which to deploy MS. Originality/value The literature review shows a lack of contributions regarding maturity models, particularly, the non-existence of maturity assessment models for manufacturing systems. The proposed MAMMS is a valuable tool to support decision making in MS. Also, this paper contributes to understanding the action-research paradigm, for further research in operations management.
Rapid Determination of Aflatoxin B1 Contamination in Peanut Oil by Fourier Transform Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) contamination in peanut oil brings about a significant threat to human health. A method based on Fourier transform near-infrared (FT-NIR) spectroscopy was developed for qualitative and quantitative analysis of AFB1 contamination in peanut oil. A total of 94 samples were collected in the transmission mode and processed by a derivative and smoothing filter. Principal component analysis (PCA), discriminant analysis (DA), and partial least squares regression (PLS) were applied to establish the qualitative and quantitative analysis models. It was demonstrated that the qualitative model could distinguish effectively between the positive and negative samples with identification accuracy up to 100%. The correlation coefficient (R2), the root mean square error of calibration (RMSCE), and the relative percent deviation (RPD) for the quantitative model were 0.951, 3.87%, and 4.52, respectively. There was a good linear relationship between the predicted and reference concentrations of the samples with a significant correlation coefficient of 0.981. The qualitative and quantitative analysis models developed in this work may provide reference for researchers engaged in nondestructive testing of food and agricultural products.
A New High Step-Up DC/DC Converter Structure by Using Coupled Inductor with Reduced Switch-Voltage Stress

Abstract In this paper, a new high step-up DC/DC converter for renewable energy systems is proposed, which provides high voltage gain by using a coupled inductor without having to have high-duty cycle and high-turn ratio. Moreover, the voltage gain increased by using capacitors charging techniques. In the proposed converter, the energy of leakage inductors of the coupled inductor is recycled to the load. This feature not only reduces stress on main switch but also increases the converter efficiency. Also, due to the configuration of the proposed structure, the voltage stress on the main switch is significantly reduced. Since the stress is low in this topology, low voltage switch with small ON-state resistance value can be used to reduce the conduction losses. As a result, losses decrease and the efficiency increases. Meanwhile, the main switch is placed in series with the source and it can control the flow of energy from source to load. The operating principles and steady-state analysis of the proposed converter are discussed in details. Finally, the prototype circuit with 12 V input voltage, 300 V output voltage, and 60 W output power is operated to verify its performance.
Antenatal Steroid in Preterm Infants with Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Background : Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) remains the most important determinant of increasing neonatal morbidity in preterm infants . A low secretory capacity of the adrenal cortex may cause a diminished stress response during the acute illness in preterm infants and could lead to increased morbidity in these infants. Objective: To evaluate the levels of antenatal steroid (cortisol) in the 1 st and 3 rd days of life in preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome. Patients and methods: This study was carried out in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Benha University Hospital from June, 2020 to January, 2022. The study included 45 preterm neonates (23 females and 22 males), with gestational age ranged from 30 to 36 weeks, and their weights ranged between 1.100 kg to 2.700 kg (all of them were appropriate for gestational age (AGA) with mean weight 1.800 + 0.300 kg). Results: In the current study, in ROC curve and area under the curve shows that 3 rd day serum cortisol significantly could be used as a predictive measure in cases prognosis with probability of 71% that the assay result for a randomly chosen positive case will exceed the result for a randomly chosen negative case. Among respiratory distress groups (2 and 3) 3 rd day serum cortisol level of 485.5 (nmol/l) was chosen as a cutoff point below which cases with respiratory distress tend to show improvement in prognosis with sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 80%. Conclusion: Preterm infants with severe RDS (mechanically ventilated) release more cortisol, which could be the result of severe stress associated with respiratory distress and positive pressure ventilation. Increased incidence and severity of RDS were noticed more in cesarean section (CS) than in vaginal delivery (VD). Antenatal steroids have effective role in decreasing incidence and severity of RDS.