Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Investigation of ultra-wideband wireless communication inside electromagnetically ultra small confined environments

Ultra-wideband (UWB) communication has been the subject of extensive research in recent years due to its unique capabilities and potential applications, particularly in short-range multiple access wireless communications. However, many important aspects of UWB-based communication systems have not yet been thoroughly investigated. The propagation of UWB signals inside very small enclosed environments is one of the important issues with significant impacts on the future direction, scope, and generally the extent of the success of UWB technology. The objective of this thesis is to obtain a more thorough and comprehensive understanding of ultra-small UWB channels for communication applications and design issues for enhancing the data rate of UWB systems. This works supports the postulation of a high capacity UWB wireless interconnect scheme for communicating devices within conducting enclosures – a wireless “backplane”. This thesis proposes the use of an Ultra-Wide Bandwidth (UWB) ultra-small scale wireless interconnect scheme for use within electrically small enclosures. Such ultra-small environments (size ≤ 10 wavelengths) are topologically much more complex, being more cluttered, than typical indoor environments (size ≥ 10 wavelengths). The concept is presented through two different scenarios. Firstly, a PC Tower case is presented as a model environment and the work seeks to present the optimum channel performance, where EMI issues are discussed and problem avoidance proposed. Secondly, in order to extrapolate the different results from the study inside the PC, an investigation is carried out using an Aluminium tower case as a more generic model environment. The analysis is based on the behaviour of box modes within a conducting resonator enclosure and the effective communications bandwidth for UWB systems for different sizes and components within. From these general considerations the research presents theoretical and experimental results from which are derived the communications metrics measured within enclosures. Simulations of the different scenarios are performed using different techniques such as ray tracing and a full wave model, based on CST Microstripes. Empirical data is recorded using a vector network analyser (VNA)-based wideband channel sounding system where channel measurements are carried out in every scenario regarding different aspects such as frequency response and time domain analysis, evaluation of the channel capacity, power delay study and the nature of the environment.
Arm movements and dynamic postural stability : accelerometer-based balance tests

Background: Epidemiological studies show a high incidence of falls and demonstrate that they cause serious consequences to individual health and quality of life, as well as significant social and healthcare impacts. The literature shows that poor balance is a major cause of falls, and emphasizes the need for valid and effective balance diagnostics and risk assessment of falls and balance impairments. The literature review also indicates that arm movements have a potentially significant effect on balance. Conclusions: This study shows that the proposed accelerometer-based tests provide useful diagnostic information for postural balance and arm movements evaluation. These devices provide valuable diagnostics information, data for progress monitoring during balance training, and consequently enhance risk assessment and falls prevention. Finally, the study shows the important impact of arm movements on dynamic balance and provides an insight into dynamics of the arm movements and balance maintenance.
The application of COBie to Increase the Functionality of Existing Software

Building Information Modelling (BIM) can provide a focus on collaboration between the designers, constructors and facility management (FM) personnel leading to major efficiencies in the operational and maintenance phase of a building. The information within a model can be extracted at various stages throughout the project life cycle using the Construction-Operation Building Information Exchange (COBie) schema that provides an open framework for the exchange and delivery of construction handover information. However, it is then up to the FM software companies to take the information and display it in a user friendly way. The authors have set about enhancing an established FM software package, which more efficiently transfers the equivalent of multiple documents. This gives the user a front end view of all of the information that has been captured over the construction period, resulting in the FM having all of the information available at their fingertips in a visualized database, which greatly assist the operational maintenance of built assets.
AN ANALYSIS OF DESIGN FEATURES IN MITIGATING HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION IMPACTS ON STREAMS

In March 1986 the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation and FHWA completed Research Project 84-31, "An Analysis of Design Features in Mitigating Highway Construction Impacts on Streams. " During this research project and a previous research project, the biological conditions were evaluated in two streams before, during, and after the constructon of two large arch culverts and the relocation of about 1 mi of stream. In addition, the cost and effectiveness of the mitigative design features incorporated into the culverts and relocated stream channels to promote recovery of the biological communities were analyzed. The results of the research clearly showed that the mitigation was effective in accelerating stream recovery. Postconstruction habitat and aquatic populations were similar to or better than under preconstruction conditions. The overall cost of the project with mitigation was slightly less than that of the project without mitigation. The results of Research Project 84-31 are documented in the Final Report completed in March 1986. The highlights of the research presented in that report are given. This research complements Research Project 79-10, "The Impact of Stream Relocation of Fish Populations and Bottom Fauna. "
Effective Human Resource Management: A Global Analysis

Effective Human Resource Management is the Center for Effective Organizations' (CEO) sixth report of a fifteen-year study of HR management in today's organizations. The only long-term analysis of its kind, this book compares the findings from CEO's earlier studies to new data collected in 2010. Edward E. Lawler III and John W. Boudreau measure how HR management is changing, paying particular attention to what creates a successful HR function-one that contributes to a strategic partnership and overall organizational effectiveness. Moreover, the book identifies best practices in areas such as the design of the HR organization and HR metrics. It clearly points out how the HR function can and should change to meet the future demands of a global and dynamic labor market. For the first time, the study features comparisons between U.S.-based firms and companies in China, Canada, Australia, the United Kingdom, and other European countries. With this new analysis, organizations can measure their HR organization against a worldwide sample, assessing their positioning in the global marketplace, while creating an international standard for HR management. Note on electronic editions: This book contains large tables that may not display clearly on a small screen. To easily read some of the tables, you may wish to use the desktop version of your selected reading system. BV_PDF BV_EPUB
RFID Handbook: Fundamentals and Applications in Contactless Smart Cards, Radio Frequency Identification and Near-Field Communication

Preface to the Third Edition List of Abbreviations 1 Introduction 1.1 Automatic Identification Systems 1.2 A Comparison of Different ID Systems 1.3 Components of an RFID System 2 Differentiation Features of RFID Systems 2.1 Fundamental Differentiation Features 2.2 Transponder Construction Formats 2.3 Frequency, Range and Coupling 2.4 Active and Passive Transponder 2.5 Information Processing in the Transponder 2.6 Selection Criteria for RFID Systems 3 Fundamental Operating Principles 3.1 1-Bit Transponder 3.2 Full- and Half-Duplex Procedure 3.3 Sequential Procedures 3.4 Near-Field Communication (NFC) 4 Physical Principles of RFID Systems 4.1 Magnetic Field 4.2 Electromagnetic Waves 4.3 Surface Waves 5 Frequency Ranges and Radio Licensing Regulations 5.1 Frequency Ranges Used 5.2 The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) 5.3 European Licensing Regulations 5.4 National Licensing Regulations in Europe 5.5 National Licensing Regulations 5.6 Comparison of National Regulations 6 Coding and Modulation 6.1 Coding in the Baseband 6.2 Digital Modulation Procedures 7 Data Integrity 7.1 The Checksum Procedure 7.2 Multi-Access Procedures Anticollision 8 Security of RFID Systems 8.1 Attacks on RFID Systems 8.2 Protection by Cryptographic Measures 9 Standardisation 9.1 Animal Identification 9.2 Contactless Smart Cards 9.3 ISO/IEC 69873 Data Carriers for Tools and ClampingDevices 9.4 ISO/IEC 10374 Container Identification 9.5 VDI 4470 Anti-theft Systems for Goods 9.6 Item Management 10 The Architecture of Electronic Data Carriers 10.1 Transponder with Memory Function 10.2 Microprocessors 10.3 Memory Technology 10.4 Measuring Physical Variables 11 Readers 11.1 Data Flow in an Application 11.2 Components of a Reader 11.3 Integrated Reader ICs 11.4 Connection of Antennas for Inductive Systems 11.5 Reader Designs 11.6 Near-Field Communication 12 The Manufacture of Transponders and Contactless SmartCards 12.1 Glass and Plastic Transponders 12.2 Contactless Smart Cards 13 Example Applications 13.1 Contactless Smart Cards 13.2 Public Transport 13.3 Contactless Payment Systems 13.4 NFC Applications 13.5 Electronic Passport 13.6 Ski Tickets 13.7 Access Control 13.8 Transport Systems 13.9 Animal Identification 13.10 Electronic Immobilisation 13.11 Container Identification 13.12 Sporting Events 13.13 Industrial Automation 14 Appendix 14.1 Contact Addresses, Associations and TechnicalPeriodicals 14.2 Relevant Standards and Regulations 14.3 Printed Circuit Board Layouts References Index
Breaking down barriers in cooperative fault management: Temporal and functional information displays

At the highest level, the fundamental question addressed by this research is how to aid human operators engaged in dynamic fault management. In dynamic fault management there is some underlying dynamic process (an engineered or physiological process referred to as the monitored process - MP) whose state changes over time and whose behavior must be monitored and controlled. In these types of applications (dynamic, real-time systems), a vast array of sensor data is available to provide information on the state of the MP. Faults disturb the MP and diagnosis must be performed in parallel with responses to maintain process integrity and to correct the underlying problem. These situations frequently involve time pressure, multiple interacting goals, high consequences of failure, and multiple interleaved tasks.
Mobile telephony, new interaction rituals?

The nature of conversation and the organisation required to undertake conversation has long been understood (Schegloff, 1968, 1972,1973,1974,1978,1979; Goffman, 1959) and the nature of the negotiations required to undertake such a complex yet workaday task have been clearly set out. The aim of this paper is to suggest ways in which the introduction of the mobile telephone with complexities of its own have changed the nature of communication and the norms which accompany the interactions. The paper also discusses the nature of public and private space and the ways in which mobile telephony is changing the use of the public arena
Human Capital Investment and Its Impact on Firm’s Performance: A Study on Private Commercial Banks in Bangladesh

Human capital is important possessions used to achieve a firm’s competitiveness and it is through investment (the commitment of a firm’s fund in human resource development with the hope of generating returns), we can expand it. This study embodies the investment scenario in human capital development made by different private commercial banks of Bangladesh and the impact of the investment on firm’s performance. The researchers have used different HR metrics (Human Capital ROI, Net Profit after Tax per Employee, HR Expense Factor, Organizational Training Cost per Employee, Human Capital Value Added) to measure the impact of human capital investment on a firm’s performance. Finally, the study reveals that investment in human capital development significantly increases a firm’s performance.
THE BEHAVIOUR OF A SHIP IN RESTRICTED WATERS

This paper deals with the problem of the behaviour of a ship in restricted waters with special regard to underkeel clearance. The main factors affecting the keel clearance are squat, heaving and pitching motions, the occurrence of a heeling angle due to wind pressure and rudder movements and the rolling motion. Distinction is made for canals, shallow water of finite width and shallow water of infinite width. It is emphasised that the efforts are mainly concentrated on the several calculation procedures which exist for squat and the difficulties involved in practical applications. With respect to the ship motions in shallow water waves a simple calculation method according to the conventional strip theory is presented and discussed.
TIME ACCURATE INCOMPRESSIBLE NAVIER-STOKES SIMULATION OF THE FLAPPING FOIL EXPERIMENT

A numerical simulation of an experiment conducted at Massachusetts Institute of Technology has been performed. The experiment was designed to study the flow about a two-dimensional hydrofoil undergoing high reduced frequency gust loading. The gust was created by two NACA 0025 hydrofoils oscillating sinusoidally in phase upstream of the stationary foil. Experimental data was taken in the flowfield near the stationary foil as well as on the foil on the entire experimental domain, including the multiblock unsteady incompressible Navier-Stokes algorithm based on artificial compressibility. A comparison of the pressures and velocities on the bounding box and surface of the stationary foil are presented for the steady case, as well as time histories and an harmonic analysis at the same locations for the unsteady case.
Sweden's Welfare State: Can the Bumblebee Keep Flying?

The Swedish Prime Minister, Geran Persson, has used the analogy of a bumblebee to describe the success of the Swedish welfare state, saying "Think of a bumblebee. With its overly heavy body and little wings, supposedly it should not be able to fly, but it does. " Drawing on its continued surveillance of the economic policies of IMF member states, this book examines the Swedish model and considers both its achievements and the challenges facing it in the 21st century. It also seeks to draw lessons from the Swedish experience for other countries that face similar challenges from developments in globalization and demographics.
microRNA-150-5p: A Novel Blood-Based Biomarker for Alzheimer’s Dementia with Good Correlation to Cognition, Cerebrospinal Fluid Amyloid-β, and Cerebral Atrophy

Background: There is an urgent need for non-invasive, cost-effective biomarkers for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), such as blood-based biomarkers. It is not only to support clinical diagnosis of dementia, but also to allow for timely pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions evaluation. The aim of this study is to identify and validate a novel blood-based microRNA (miRNA) biomarker for dementia of Alzheimer’s disease type (DAT). The miRNA correlations with AD pathology and AD clinical-radiological imaging were conducted.Methods: We conducted miRNA-sequencing (miRNA-Seq) using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from a discovery cohort comprising DAT, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and healthy subject (HS). Identified miRNA was validated in an independent cohort. Correlation analysis evaluated the relationships between miRNA expression and DAT clinical measures, including Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores, CSF Aβ1-42 and tau levels, and AD pattern cerebral atrophy. Furthermore, we conducted bioinformatics analysis and cell-based assay to identify miRNA target genes. Results: MiRNA-seq identified a distinct miRNA (miR-328-3p, miR-7706, and miR-150-5p) expression signature differentiating DAT from MCI and HS. qPCR analysis reveals that miR-150-5p was consistent with the miRNA-seq data and was further validated. Specifically, we found that miR-150-5p expression was significantly upregulated in DAT compared to MCI and HS, and discriminated DAT from MCI and HS with a high accuracy with AUC of 0.86 and 0.86, respectively. We further found that higher miR-150-5p levels correlated with clinical measures of DAT, including lower global cognitive scores of MMSE and MoCA, lower CSF Aβ1-42, and higher CSF tau. Interestingly, we observed that higher miR-150-5p levels is associated with the lower grey matter volumes in the medial temporal lobe, posterior cingulate cortex and precuneus. These regions implicated default mood network and executive control network regions that are important for AD brain atrophy. Furthermore, pathway analysis identified the targets of miR-150-5p to be enriched in the Wnt signalling pathway, including programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4). We further found that PDCD4 was downregulated in DAT blood and was downregulated by miR-150-5p at both transcriptional and protein levels.Conclusions: Our findings demonstrated that miR-150-5p is a reliable clinical blood-based biomarker for DAT.
Plant Breeding and Agrarian Research in Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institutes 1933-1945: Calories, Caoutchouc, Careers

Introduction: Politics and Agricultural Research Calories - Agricultural Research, the Food Economy and War Herbert Backe and Science Policy Research on Plant and Animal Breeding Foreign Currencies, Genetics and the Fodder Gap Autochthonous Animal Species and Artificial Insemination The Four-Year Plan, 'Greater Europe', and Substitute Substances Hydrobiology and Limnology for the Four-Year Plan Institute Projects in South-Eastern Europe Research on Native Textile Plants Productivization of People The Science of Agricultural Work Work Physiology and Nutritional Science Resume: War as Opportunity Caoutchouc - A Vital War Reserve The Development of a Research Programme Dependence on Natural Rubber The Kok-Sagyz Network Slave Labour for Science Kok-Sagyz Cultivation in German-Occupied Europe Plant Breeding Research in Auschwitz Resume: Scientific Productivity and Terror Careers - Hans Stubbe and Klaus von Rosenstiel Two Breeding Researchers The Pure Air of Scientific Research The Seamy Side of Academic Life The Advance of Science Wild Plants as a Genetic Resource Research Organisation in the Occupied East Post-War Careers Resume: Creators, Experts, Servants Conclusions: Science, Nazi Rule and War
A Comparative Analysis of Passive and Active Daylight Redirecting Blinds in Support of the Schematic Design Process

Daylight redirecting blinds are a class of sun control device that are designed specifically to increase daylighting levels in buildings in addition to preventing unwanted solar gain and glare. Because they rely on many parameters such as complex geometry and may require automated controls to achieve their high illuminance performance, their angle-dependent optical characteristics cannot be represented or simulated accurately using the simple tools that are normally used at the beginning of the design process when rapid assessments are needed. Instead they require time- and resource-intensive simulation methods that are difficult to integrate into existing building design workflows at such an early stage of design. Therefore design guidance for these daylight redirecting blinds is needed in support of design decisions at the beginning of the schematic design phase – to assist in answering questions such as: How deep can a floor plate be for the entire floor area in an open-plan office to be considered sufficiently daylit? The daylighting illuminance performance of two classes of blinds, passive and active, are investigated to generalize this design guidance. A representative model of each class of blind is used. Through the use of a high-performance multi-storey open-plan double-perimeter zone office building in Golden, USA (40°N, 105°W) as a case study, a simplified simulation model using the radiosity method is validated. The simulation model is used to examine the effect of different parameters such as blind type, location, glazing properties, building depth, facade orientation, window to wall ratio, and window head height on daylighting illuminance in the office space. Simple correlations between building geometry and interior daylight illuminance sufficiency are sought that can be used as design guidance in early schematic design in lieu of simulations. Based on the results, the conclusion is that for most combinations tested active blinds will perform as well as or better than passive blinds. While a passive blind may be acceptable for mild, temperate climates, it may cause excessive overheating in climates with high cooling loads. In this respect, the greatest flexibility is offered by the class of active blinds which can control when daylight or solar heat is desired in the interior. Using the sDA300/50 metric from the IES LM-83-12 standard, the study found that the maximum building depth for South-oriented open-plan space that provides ‘nominally acceptable’ daylight illuminance is 14.5 m for Golden (actual building depth is 18 m). This calculated maximum building depth is between 11.5 m (Vancouver) and 15 m (Montreal) for different locations. This variation is due to the different total annual sunshine hours and visible transmittance of the glazing and blind at different solar incidence angles at each location. A correlation is made between window head height and maximum building depth for an open-plan office space.
Knowledge of dietary guidelines and portion sizes in Saudi Arabian mothers; cross-sectional study

Background: it is known that knowledge of dietary guideline is linked to healthy eating habit. This study aims to investigate Saudi Mother’s knowledge of current dietary guidelines regarding food groups and portion sizes and to investigate its relation to the sociodemographic factors.Methods: This cross-sectional study using Nutrition Education Program to recruit 101 mother and child. Instructed on site- online survey were collected to measure the mother’s knowledge of dietary guideline and portion sizes. quantitative analysis using Chi-square and Kruksan-Wallis tests.Results: 29.1 % of the participants were aware of the MyPlate guidelines and 51.5 % said that they affected by healthy plate choices. Being married was significantly associated with knowing about the MyPlate Image (P= 0.004). Correct identification of food groups on the MyPlate Image and correct identification of serving sizes of food group was less than 50% for most food groups. A significantly greater percentage of those with a postgraduate education were accurate about the correct servings of fruit, vegetables and grains (P=0.049). Conclusions: Nutrition knowledge of food groups and serving sizes was poor in the sample of Saudi women. This research provides evidence that nutrition education is needed in the Saudi Arabia and the finding are relevant for future health promotion strategies. The study has also identified sociodemographic groups that possibly may need to be targeted with more attention in future nutrition education programs such as those with low income, lower education level and unmarried women.