Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
IMPACT OF GROWTH REGULATORS ON IN VITRO GROWTH OF BANANA (MUSA SPP) CULTURED: A REVIEW

Banana is important fruit crop in horticulture where it propagates through suckers which takes immense time for production and with low multiplication rate, to overcome these type of situation some protocols have been made such as the micro propagation where the tissue culture of banana is applied with help of plant growth regulators such as auxins and cytokinins are used at different concentration to attain the definite good results till now many studies had been done in the tissue culture of banana. In the present study it was observed that the explants cultured in MS medium containing 4 mg/l BAP + 0.5 mg/l IAA had highest number of shoot buds and number of shoots. Similar result was studied by Muhammad et al. (2007) where the highest multiplication ratio was observed at 4 mg/l BAP along with 1 mg/l IAA. Habiba et al. (2002) and Ahmed et al. (2014) reported that 4 mg/l BAP in combination with 2 mg/l IAA shown remarkable results.
A High Step-Up/Step-Down LVS-Parallel HVS-Series ZVS Bidirectional Converter With Coupled Inductors

This article introduces a nonisolated bidirectional converter with high-voltage conversion ratio. In the proposed converter, by integrating the two-phase low-voltage-side (LVS)-parallel high-voltage-side (HVS)-series bidirectional converter with the coupled inductors, features, such as high voltage gain, low voltage stresses, current sharing, and current ripple cancelation, are achieved. Due to the proposed converter's operation in triangular conduction mode, the desirable benefits of zero voltage switching, diode reverse recovery elimination, and reduction of converter filter inductors and, consequently, leakage inductors are obtained. To recycle the leakage inductors’ energy and to solve the related difficulties for both operation modes, a simple passive clamp with the minimum number of elements is utilized. Also, to improve the light-loads’ efficiency, the variable frequency control is developed. The proposed converter is comprehensively analyzed, and to verify the analysis, the experimental results are provided.
Provision and Implementation of the Faculty Manual: Its Relation to Teachers Affective Commitment and Job Satisfaction

Faculty manual guides the teachers about their jobs and gives them the general information about the school policies. The proper implementation of its provision can make teachers highly committed and satisfied in the workplace. This study examined the relationship between the provision and implementation of the faculty manual and teachers’ affective commitment and job satisfaction. The descriptive survey and correlational research design was used employing quantitative method. The data were gathered through the survey questionnaire and administered to the sixty (60) respondents from teaching personnel of Ramon Magsaysay Memorial Colleges (RMMC). The data gathered were analyzed through percentage, weighted mean and pearson correlation. The results of the data analysis showed that the teachers agreed that the faculty manual was complete in terms of provision but needs consistency in the manner of implementation. Moreover, the findings of the study revealed that the provision and implementation of the faculty manual has something to do with teacher’s affective commitment and job satisfaction in the organization. Thus, it showed that there is a significant relationship between the provision and implementation of the faculty manual and teacher’s affective commitment. Furthermore, it showed that there is a significant relationship between provision and implementation of the faculty manual and teacher’s job satisfaction. Therefore, the two (2) null hypotheses of the study are rejected. Given the overall results, the study recommends that enhancement and consistent implementation of faculty manual are needed to further improve the teacher’s affective commitment and job satisfaction.
Comparing Theoretical Explanations Regarding United States Decision-Making on Regime Change in Peru and in Chile from 1968 to 1973

Comparing Theoretical Explanations Regarding United States Decision-Making on Regime Change in Peru and in Chile from 1968 to 1973 by Lauren Roberts, Master of Science Utah State University, 2021 Major Professor: Dr. Jeannie Johnson Department: Political Science Given the failure of system-level theories to account for the difference in the US actions towards Peru and Chile from 1968 to 1973, the research sought a state-level analysis. This thesis examined the conventional wisdom that the CIA is a regime change advocate by testing the merits of two competing state-level analysis constructs, one focused on internal (endogenous) influences within CIA and one focused on external (exogenous) pressures on CIA emanating from the American public and elected officials. Of the two hypotheses, public choice theory, which focused on the external pressure on the CIA, offers the most potential as an explanatory tool for CIA involvement in regime change. While cultural variables were identified in an examination of memoirs and government documents, there was no consistency across the two cases. Through analysis of external pressures, CIA efforts matched what the public’s, the president’s, and Congress’s attention was focused on—Chile and not Peru. (79 pages)
Substantial Decreases in U.S. Cities’ Ground-Based NO2 Concentrations during COVID-19 from Reduced Transportation

A substantial reduction in global transport and industrial processes stemming from the novel SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus and subsequent pandemic resulted in sharp declines in emissions, including for NO2. This has implications for human health, given the role that this gas plays in pulmonary disease and the findings that past exposure to air pollutants has been linked to the most adverse outcomes from COVID-19 disease, likely via various co-morbidities. To explore how much COVID-19 shutdown policies impacted urban air quality, we examined ground-based NO2 sensor data from 11 U.S. cities from a two-month window (March–April) during shutdown in 2020, controlling for natural seasonal variability by using average changes in NO2 over the previous five years for these cities. Levels of NO2 and VMT reduction in March and April compared to January 2020 ranged between 11–65% and 11–89%, consistent with a sharp drop in vehicular traffic from shutdown-related travel restrictions. To explore this link closely, we gathered detailed traffic count data in one city—Indianapolis, Indiana—and found a strong correlation (0.90) between traffic counts/classification and vehicle miles travelled, a moderate correlation (0.54) between NO2 and traffic related data, and an average reduction of 1.11 ppb of NO2 linked to vehicular data. This finding indicates that targeted reduction in pollutants like NO2 can be made by manipulating traffic patterns, thus potentially leading to more population-level health resilience in the future.
Geometric conditions for injectivity of 3D Bézier volumes

The one-to-one property of injectivity is a crucial concept in computer-aided design, geometry, and graphics. The injectivity of curves (or surfaces or volumes) means that there is no self-intersection in the curves (or surfaces or volumes) and their images or deformation models. Bézier volumes are a special class of Bézier polytope in which the lattice polytope equals $ \Box_{m, n, l}, (m, n, l\in Z) $. Piecewise 3D Bézier volumes have a wide range of applications in deformation models, such as for face mesh deformation. The injectivity of 3D Bézier volumes means that there is no self-intersection. In this paper, we consider the injectivity conditions of 3D Bézier volumes from a geometric point of view. We prove that a 3D Bézier volume is injective for any positive weight if and only if its control points set is compatible. An algorithm for checking the injectivity of 3D Bézier volumes is proposed, and several explicit examples are presented.
Antioxidant Screening on the Whole Plant of Cyanthillium cinereum (L) H.Rob

Methanolic extract of the whole plant of Cyanthillium cinereum (L) H.Robwasevaluated for free radical scavenging activity by using Nitric oxide scavenging activity (NO) and Reduction of 1, 1-Diphenyl -2-Picryl Hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity. Throughout the studies the plant extract showed potent antioxidant activity and the activity was found to be concentration dependent which may be attributed to the high flavonoid content of the plant. Keywords: Cyanthillium cinereum (L) H.Rob, DPPH, NO.
Natural compound rhein suppresses colorectal cancer cells growth through mTOR/p70S6 kinase pathway in vitro and in vivo

Background: Rhein is a natural agent isolated from the traditional Chinese medicine rhubarb, which has been used as a medicine in China since ancient times. Although rhein was found to have significant anticancer effects in different cancer models, the effect and the underlying mechanisms of action of rhein in colorectal cancer (CRC) remain unclear. The mTOR/p70S6 kinase (p70S6K) pathway has been demonstrated as an attractive target for developing novel cancer therapeutics.Methods: The human CRC cell lines HCT116, HCT15, and DLD1 and xenograft mice were used in this study to investigate the effects of rhein. Assessments of cellular morphology, cell proliferation, and anchorage-independent colony formation were performed to examine the effects of rhein on cell growth. Wound healing assay and transwell migration and invasion assay were conducted to detect cell migration and invasion. Cell cycle and apoptosis were investigated by flow cytometry and verified by immunoblotting. Tissue microarray was used to detect mTOR expression in patients with CRC. Gene overexpression and knockdown were implemented to analyze the function of mTOR in CRC. The in vivo effect of rhein was assessed in a xenograft mouse model.Results: Rhein significantly inhibited CRC cell growth by inducing S phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. It also inhibited CRC cell migration and invasion ability through EMT process. mTOR was highly expression in CRC cancer tissues and cells exhibited high mTOR expression. Overexpression of mTOR promoted cell growth, migration, and invasion ability, whereas mTOR knockdown diminished these phenomena of CRC cells in vitro. Moreover, rhein directly targeted mTOR and suppressed the mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway in CRC cells. Intraperitoneal administration of rhein inhibited CRC cell HCT116 xenograft tumor growth through the mTOR/p70S6K pathway.Conclusions: Rhein exerted anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo through directly targeting mTOR and inhibiting mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway. These data indicate that rhein is a potent anticancer agent that could be useful for the prevention or treatment of CRC.
Securing Software-Defined WSNs Communication via Trust Management

Software-defined wireless sensor networks (SDWSNs) can be functionally affected by malicious sensor nodes that perform arbitrary actions, e.g., message dropping or flooding. The malicious nodes can degrade the availability of the network due to in-band communications and the inherent lack of secure channels in SDWSNs. In this article, we design a hierarchical trust management scheme for SDWSNs (namely, TSW) to detect potential threats inside SDWSNs while promoting node cooperation and supporting decision making in the forwarding process. TSW evaluates the trustworthiness of involved nodes and enables the detection of malicious behavior at various levels of the SDWSN architecture. We develop sensitive trust computational models to detect several malicious attacks. Furthermore, we propose separate trust scores and parameters for control and data traffic, respectively, to enhance the detection performance against attacks directed at the crucial traffic of the control plane. Furthermore, we develop an acknowledgment-based trust recording mechanism by exploiting some built-in SDN control messages. To ensure the resilience and honesty of the trust scores, a weighted averaging approach is adopted, and a reliability trust metric is defined. Through extensive analyses and numerical simulations, we demonstrate that TSW is efficient in detecting malicious nodes that launch several communications and trust management threats, such as black-hole, selective forwarding, denial of service, bad mouthing, and ON–OFF attacks.
Prognostic Value of Quantitative 18F-FDG PET/CT Parameters Measured in Primary Tumors and Suspicious Lymph Nodes in Patients with Esophageal Carcinoma.

Background: Quantitative 18F-FDG PET/CT parameters have been described as prognostic indicators in esophageal cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), metabolic tumor value (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) measured in the primary tumor and suspicious lymph nodes. A cohort study was performed to assess the association of SUVmax, MTV and TLG measured prior to and post neoadjuvant therapy with overall survival (OS) of patients with esophageal cancer who received trimodal therapy. The quantitative techniques were applied in the primary tumor and suspicious lymph nodes. The OS rates were analyzed. Results: Before neoadjuvant therapy, 106 patients underwent PET/CT, and 39 patients underwent post-neoadjuvant therapy PET/CT exams. Before neoadjuvant therapy, PET/CT showed that all the variables of the evaluated lymph nodes were statistically significant in predicting OS. Post neoadjuvant therapy, none of the PET/CT variables of lymph nodes were related to prognosis. On the other hand, all primary tumor volumetric variables were related to overall survival. The MTV (HR: 4.66; 95% CI: 1.54-14.08) and TLG (HR: 4.86; 95% CI: 1.66-14.26) of the primary tumor post neoadjuvant therapy and the variations in MTV (HR: 2.95; 95% CI: 1.01-3.52) and TLG (HR: 3.49; 95% CI: 1.01-3.52) of the primary tumor pre-to-post-neoadjuvant therapy were prognostic variables. Conclusion: In patients with esophageal cancer, the burden of disease in suspicious lymph nodes and the primary tumor prior to therapy and the residual burden of disease in the primary tumor post therapy assessed by PET/CT were associated with prognosis.
A Note on Pharmacoepidemiology

Pharmacoepidemiology is a generally new science that investigates drug adequacy or poisonousness utilizing huge observational examination plans. In the previous few years, the quantity of pharmacoepidemiologic considers distributed in clinical diaries has expanded, as these investigations have investigated drugrelated inquiries that on occasion can't be replied by performing randomized preliminaries. For instance, a case-control study demonstrated that breathed in corticosteroids diminished asthmarelated passings. A randomized preliminary presumably would not have had the option to address this inquiry, as it would have been unscrupulous to deny glucocorticoid treatment to patients with asthma. Another territory of incredible general wellbeing significance that can be assessed simply by pharmacoepidemiologic examines concerns potential relationship between physician endorsed drug use and the danger of engine vehicle mishaps. Studies have indicated that methodologically stable epidemiologic examinations can give comparable outcomes to those of enormous randomized preliminaries. This article is the first of two sections on pharmacoepidemiology [1]. Four pharmacoepidemiologic study plans will be examined that investigate the relationship between a particular pharmacologic specialist and an illness of premium: accomplice considers, case-control contemplates, casehybrid examinations, and case-time-control contemplates. The subsequent article (to be distributed in the September issue of Pharmacotherapy) will give a more point by point conversation of the methodological and scientific contrasts between case-control and companion examines. Strategies for controlling for time dependent openings and frustrating utilizing the settled casecontrol study will be tended to in that article [2].
Dissection of Barley Landraces Originated From Twelve Different Countries by Using Simple Sequence Repeats Markers

Landraces, as an important source of genetic diversity, are important for improvement of crop species. Investigating of genetic diversity among landraces is necessary to conserve genetic resources and develop future strategies on barley breeding. In this study, genetic diversity in barley landraces originating from twelve countries was studied using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Sixteen SSR markers belong to the seven barley linkage groups revealed high genetic diversity. A total of 92 polymorphic alleles were scored and the number of alleles ranged from 1 to 7 per locus, with an average of 5.75. Genetic diversity was the highest in landraces from Turkey (0.66 ± 0.13) and the lowest in those from Ukraine (0.38 ± 0.24). While the highest percentage of polymorphic loci was found for landraces from Germany, Netherland, Russia, Turkey and USA as 100%, the lowest one was in England with 75%. Clustering analysis of landraces divided them into four main groups. The results provided additional genetic information about the barley landraces from different countries for future breeding process.
Sleep disorders in higher education students: Modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors

OBJECTIVE Poor sleep quality among higher education students is a world public health problem that can lead to a decrease of the concentration and consequently the academic performance. This study aimed to determine sleep quality among higher education students and to verify its association with internet addiction and psychological disorders (anxiety and depression). METHODS The sample comprised 148 higher education students of the south of Portugal, being 108 (73%) female, aged between 18 and 54 years old. The measuring instrument included a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Internet Addiction Test, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. RESULTS Fifty-five (37.2%) students had a good sleep quality, 77 (52%) poor sleep quality, and 16 (10.8%) a severe sleep disorder. Forty-one (27.7%) students said that they went to bed between 12:00 am and 12.30 am and 37 (25%) between 11 pm and 11.30 pm. The sleep duration was 7:08±1:31. Fifty (48.1%) students who classified with poor sleep quality classified themselves as good sleepers (p≤0.001). Internet addiction was not associated with poor sleep quality. Students who present anxiety and/or depression symptoms had 0.31 (CI: 0.135–0.71; p=0.005) more probabilities to have sleep disorders compared to those who did not show these symptoms. CONCLUSION This study found that most of the analyzed students present a poor quality of sleep and this was associated with a presence of anxiety and/or depression. It becomes necessary to develop sleep hygiene education programs for prevention and treatment of sleep disturbances in this population.
IIoT Data Sharing Based on Blockchain: A Multileader Multifollower Stackelberg Game Approach

The evolution of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoTs) greatly increases the volume of data generated by the connected IIoT devices. IIoT data are playing an increasingly important role in various industrial sectors. IIoT data sharing helps enterprises make better production decisions and respond to market changes timely. However, the distrust among IIoT entities and IIoT entities’ distrust of data-sharing platforms may hinder the realization of data sharing. In this article, a decentralized IIoT data-sharing scheme based on blockchain and edge computing is proposed. A Proof of Storage and Transmission (PoST) consensus mechanism is proposed to meet data storage and transmission requirements of data owners in IIoT data-sharing networks. Based on the manufacture ties of data owners, shared data request probabilities are derived. The IIoT data sharing interactions between data owners and edge devices are modeled as a multiple-leader and multiple-follower Stackelberg game. The alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMMs) algorithm is used to obtain the optimal IIoT data sharing solutions in a distributed manner. Simulation results show that compared with the cooperative scheme, the total profit of edge devices is maximally increased by 59%, and the total utility of data owners is maximally increased by 52%.
The mediating role of perfectionism in relation to narcissism and early trauma, family functioning and perceived parenting styles

Introduction: Elevated narcissism in young people often sets up a cascade of interpersonal and mental health challenges which needs to understand its concomitants. This study aimed to explain the structural model of narcissism based on early trauma, family function and perceived parenting styles with the mediating role of perfectionism. Methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional study. The statistical population of the present study consisted of 20-45 year-old males and females referring to psychological clinics of Tehran in 2018-19. A sample of 350 people was also selected using convenience sampling method. Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI), the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), the McMaster family assessment device, and Perceptions of Parents Scale (POPS) were used to collect the data. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, including mean, standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis using SPSS-22 software and structural equation modeling was used by Amos-24 doftware. The level of significant was (p<0.05). Results: Comparative Fit index (CFI) was 0.923, Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI), and Incremental Fit Index (IFI) was appropriate; since it exceeded 0.90. Also, the Root Mean Square Error Approximation (RMSEA) was 0.075 was in the acceptable range. Based on the path findings, the fitted model showed a positive impact of early life trauma on perfectionism (p<0.01, β= 0.12), the functioning of the family (p<0.01, β= 0.21), and the style of parenting (β= 0.29, p<0.01). Narcissism had a positive impact on family functioning (p<0.01, β = 0.40) directly from early life trauma (p <0.01, β = 0.18). Conclusion: As the experience of trauma increases early in life, the likelihood of developing perfectionist tendencies increases. This indicates that the better the parenting style and the better the family functioning, the lower the level of perfectionism.
Aortic knob width as a novel predictor of postoperative atrial fibrillation following off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting

The aim of this study was to determine whether aortic knob width (AKW) was related to the development of postoperative atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Between July 2017 and June 2019, a total of 453 patients undergoing isolated off-pump CABG were enrolled to this retrospective observational cohort study. The patients were divided into two groups; as AF group (n=102) and non-AF group (n=351). The groups were compared with regard to preoperative demographics and clinical characteristics, intraoperative data, and postoperative outcomes, and then a multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed in order to determine the independent predictors of postoperative AF. The incidence of postoperative AF in our study population was found as 22.5% (n=102/453). The median age and AKW, and the frequencies of hypertension and chronic renal dysfunction were significantly higher in patients in AF group than in nonAF group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age and AKW were the independent predictors of postoperative AF. The analysis yielded that the risk of POAF development increased by 5.2% with each one-year increase in patient age [OR 1.0520 with 95% CI= (1.0214, 1.0835), p<0.001], and by 3.36 times when AKW increased by 1 cm [OR 3.3614 with 95% CI= (2.6142, 4.3961), p<0.001]. ROC analysis revealed that AKW of 43.9 mm constituted the cut-off value for the development of AF with 68.6% sensitivity and 80.9% specificity. The present study demonstrated that AKW was a significant and independent predictor of AF following off-pump CABG.