Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anthelmintic Efficacy and Pharmcodynamic Effects of Levamisole-Oxyclozanide Combination as (Levanide®) in Fattening Calves

T hirty calves of one-year old and body weight (BW. = 152.5±2.0 kg) had been confirmed for presence of mixed infection of different internal parasites like Fasciola gigantica. , Paramphistomum microbothrium. , and (Trichostrongylidae spp.) . These calves were used to evaluate the anthelmintic efficacy, growth performance, haemato-biochemical and serum antioxidant parameters of single oral administration of levanide ® (levamisole (LEV)- oxyclozanide (OXY) combination as active principles) in a dose of 2.5 ml of the product /10 kg BW. The fecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) for the tested animals showed a significant (P<0.05) reduction in eggs per gram of feces for the examined parasites on 3 rd day then on the 7 th day post-treatment in comparison with pretreatment samples with a 100% anthelmintic efficacy. The growth parameters, and red blood corpuscle count (RBCs) were significantly (P<0.05) improved post-treatment compared to pretreatment measures. A slight reversible elevation of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level was noticed on the third day to the 7 th day after administration followed by a decrease in its activity till the end of the experiment. The total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was decreased from day 7 to the end of the trial; glutathione-S-transferase (GST) showed a slight decrease in activity after drugs administration followed by a marked rise (p < 0.05) in its activity on days 14 and 28. Accordingly, it could be concluded that administration of the LEV-OXY active principals combination is a successive, efficient and safe anthelmintic with minimal side effects that could help in increasing growth performance.
Generation of 3D Building Model by Grouping of 3D Line Segments

This paper presents a new rooftop surface estimation method from 3D line segments. 3D rooftop surface estimation is based on the hierarchical grouping and initiated by 3D line merging for the disconnected 3D line segments. Merged 3D lines are applied to the detection of rooftop by surface estimating technique. To estimate surfaces we detect L-corner and T-corner points, and find fixed reliable junction points. The hypothesis of the possible rooftop surfaces are estimated as polygonal surfaces by these fixed junction points and building's rooftop models are generated by testing the possible surfaces in terms of assumptions of building surface properties. We carried out experiments by synthetic images on Avenches data set and the experimental results showed that we could reliably build 3D model with 3D surfaces, errors of which came up with 0.4 - 1.3 meter, 2.5 times more accurate than the elevation date from the conventional area-based stereo.
Concentration of Lead, Cadmium and Mercury in Common Ponyfish (Leiognathus equulus) from East Java Coast, Indonesia and Its Impact on Human Health

The objective of this study was to measure the lead, cadmium and mercury levels in the muscle tissues of Leiognathus equulus collected from East Java coast of Indonesia and its impact on human health. All fish collected from these areas present undetectable concentration of mercury. The levels of lead range from 0.002 to 0.007 mg/kg dry weight (d.w.). While the concentrations of cadmium in all stations range from 0.019 to 0.025 mg/kg d.w. As metals levels in this fish and the PTWI values were far below the recommended standards, it may be concluded that the consumption of this species from East Java coast is safe for human health.
Fundamental Factors Reducing Feed Quality, Efficiency, and Carrying-Over Impacts: A Review

The aim of this paper was to systematically reviewing the selected feed factors. A worldwide food demand, including animal-derived food is highly predictable to increase at 60% by 2050, particularly in developing countries. By 2030, an annual meat consumption is also estimated to grow from 25.5 to 37 kg per person. In some parts of the world; however, such a growing demand isn’t currently matching with a comparable growth in the local production. For example, by 2050, around 40% of an animal-sourced food could be imported by African countries. Although such insufficiency of an animal-sourced food is generally due to that of the farm-animals’ low productivity, this is specifically believed to be because of the poor quality and inadequacy of the feeds. Both anti-nutritional factors (ANFs) and mycotoxins are the main factors that can contribute to the low quality and less efficiency of the feeds. Although some have beneficial effects, at their low concentrations, anti-nutrients are generally accountable for the harmful effects on the nutrient absorption. For example, up to 50, 23 and 10% of proteins and amino acid digestibility, in non-ruminant animals are reduced by the presence of trypsin inhibitors (TI), tannins and phytates, respectively. Feeds that are toxic for the mono-gastric animals may not be toxic to the ruminants. Soaking/roasting followed by pressure cooking is one of the best treating mechanisms to reduce those of the harmful effects of ANFs. Supplementation of the feeds with typical microbial enzymes, particularly when they are in a combined state enables also to reduce the negative effects of ANFs. A quarter of the world’s crops are being contaminated by the molds and fungi, and hence aflatoxin is an inevitable contaminant. Consequently, when animals eat these contaminated feeds, with aflatoxins the milk, eggs and meat could have the safety concerns to the human consumers. Due to that of some weak regulatory standards, the South-East Asian and sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries remain at a high risk of aflatoxin contaminations. In addition to that of the carrying-over impacts of aflatoxins, ANFs and mycotoxins are the main factors that are reducing the feed quality and efficiency, in animal production.
Is Prompt the Future? A Survey of Evolution of Relation Extraction Approach Using Deep Learning and Big Data

A vast amount of unstructured data is being generated in the age of big data. Relation extraction (RE) is the critical way to improve the utility of the data by extracting structured data, which has seen a great evolution in recent years. This paper first introduces five paradigms of RE, namely the rule-based paradigm, the machine learning paradigm, the deep learning model-based paradigm, and the two types of current mainstream methods with pretrained language models. Based on the RE scenario, a comprehensive introduction is made for the currently popular paradigm with prompt learning, which is investigated regarding four aspects. The main contributions of this paper are as follows. Since big models are too large to be easily trained, prompt learning has become a promising research direction for RE, our work is, therefore, a systematic introduction to this paradigm for RE and compared with traditional paradigms. In addition, this paper summarizes the current problems faced by RE tasks and proposes valuable research directions with prompt learning.
Climate-Related Research in Svalbard,

Abstract : The Svalbard archipelago is located in the Norwegian Arctic, 76-81 deg N. In the Kongsfjord area, 79 deg N, on northwest Spitsbergen, there has been increasing research activity in several climate-related disciplines over the last few years. This research will contribute to the global efforts on monitoring and detecting possible global changes. An intensified program monitoring hydrological processes was run from 1974 to 1978 and restarted in 1988. One well-equipped station for atmospheric research is also established. Four major glaciers are being thoroughly investigated, a program which includes mass balance studies, drainage patterns and core analyses. Since 1978 a permafrost station has been operated in Svea, south-central Spitsbergen. The trend in glacier mass balance analyses shows fairly stable negative conditions, the net balance is slightly increasing due to a slight increase in the winter precipitation. There is no sign of climatic warming through increased melting. The temperature data show a very slight cooling during the ablation period. A reconstruction of mass balance data for the Brogger glacier shows that the mass balance has been consistently negative since 1918.
Performance of the Ethiopian Somali goats during different watering regimes

Water is scarce in the semi-arid regions of Ethiopia and therefore goats are watered intermittently. This can result in dehydration and decreased animal performance. The aims of these studies were to investigate the mechanisms employed by the Ethiopian Somali goat to endure water scarcity and to generate information on milk yield and kid growth. All studies were conducted at the Errer Valley research station, eastern Ethiopia. The first study evaluated the effects of watering male goats once daily and every 2nd, 3rd and 4th day for 72 days at indoor conditions. The goats were fed hay ad libitum and were given 200 g of concentrates daily. In the second study, 14 does and their kids were studied 3 to 4 months after parturition in the hot dry season. They were randomly distributed to once daily or once every 4th day watering. The kids followed the does out on pasture. Every evening, the does were each given 300 g concentrates. The kids were offered 100 g of concentrate per head and day in-group. The third experiment evaluated drinking pattern and milk production of 12 goats during a rainy period. The does were randomly assigned to two feeding treatments starting 11 to 17 days after parturition and continuing for 72 days. Six goats were each given 250 g concentrates every evening and six goats were only grazing. The kids suckled morning and evening. One udder half was hand milked in the mornings. Plasma osmolality and vasopressin concentration increased to high levels on the 4th day of water deprivation in the males and initially in late lactating does. It shows that four days of water deprivation challenged water balance. The osmolality in every 4th day watered does increased less as the cycles continued, indicating that the goats economized on water. Intermittently watered does and kids spent more time in the shade and browsed watery plants. Rectal temperature increased daily by about 3.5°C in all does and by 2.5°C and 3.2°C in kids watered daily and every 4th day, respectively, during the hot dry period. Milk yield was about 22 % lower than in the group given water daily. Kids watered once every 4th day did not gain body weight as fast as those watered daily. Goats did not always drink when offered water during a rainy period. The milk yield was less than half a litre per day although good forage was available. Concentrate supplementation increased milk yield by 13%, but reduced fat percentage. Both does and kids increased their body weight during the rainy period. In conclusion, the Ethiopian Somali goat rapidly adjusts to water shortage and starts to economize on water when subjected to a prolonged period of intermittent watering. It is important that this unique adaptability is considered in breeding programs aimed at increasing the comparatively moderate milk production. Nevertheless, more than three days interval between watering during the hot dry season is not recommended since it may jeopardize animal performance and welfare.
Association of a Patient’s Type of Insurance With Preventive Service Delivery

Introduction Chronic disease or death associated with chronic disease is often avoidable with proper interventions, including preventive services in healthcare settings. However, preventive service delivery rates by physicians are low. This study examined the association between preventive services and the type of patient insurance, as well as the association between the duration of an office visit and the type of patient insurance. Methods A retrospective observational cohort study was conducted using multivariate logistic regression. Pooled data on physician office-based visits from the 2011-2016 and 2018 National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS) were used in this analysis. The main measures observed were the odds of providing preventive services as they related to the type of patient insurance. Preventive measures assessed were those recommended by the United States Preventive Services Task Force with an A or B grade, applicable to most adults 18-64. Additionally, the mean office visit duration was analyzed based on the type of insurance. Results The odds of receiving cervical cancer screenings and tobacco smoking cessation screenings were 47% (p <0.01) and 31% (p =0.10) lower with Medicaid than private insurance, respectively. The odds of receiving blood pressure screenings and cervical cancer screenings were 43% (p =0.01) and 62% (p <0.01) lower in uninsured office visits compared to private insurance, respectively. Compared to private insurance, Medicaid and uninsured visits were 2.68 minutes and 1.97 minutes shorter in duration, respectively (p <0.05). Conclusions An association was found between the type of patient's insurance and the odds of providing preventive services. If the aim of healthcare is to improve the incidence of chronic disease or death associated with chronic disease, preventive services should be provided regardless of insurance type.
Penalty-regulated dynamics and robust learning procedures in games

Starting from a heuristic learning scheme for N-person games, we derive a new class of continuous-time learning dynamics consisting of a replicator-like drift adjusted by a penalty term that renders the boundary of the game's strategy space repelling. These penalty-regulated dynamics are equivalent to players keeping an exponentially discounted aggregate of their on-going payoffs and then using a smooth best response to pick an action based on these performance scores. Owing to this inherent duality, the proposed dynamics satisfy a variant of the folk theorem of evolutionary game theory and they converge to (arbitrarily precise) approximations of Nash equilibria in potential games. Motivated by applications to traffic engineering, we exploit this duality further to design a discrete-time, payoff-based learning algorithm which retains these convergence properties and only requires players to observe their in-game payoffs: moreover, the algorithm remains robust in the presence of stochastic perturbations and observation errors, and it does not require any synchronization between players.
Efficacy of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy on Shoulder Dysfunction Post Mastectomy

Background: Post mastectomy shoulder pain can be severe enough to result in long-term difficulties, disrupt sleep, impair the ability to carry out daily tasks, including using the affected arm, and result in frozen shoulder. Objective: The aim of the current study is to assess the effectiveness of extracorporeal shock wave on shoulder dysfunction post mastectomy. Patients and methods: The study was conducted on 40 patients undergoing mastectomy between the ages of 40 and 65 who experienced shoulder pain and limited range of motion and were randomly split into two equal groups, each with 20 patients. Group A (Study group): For eight weeks, extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) was administered once a week to 20 patients of females receiving traditional physical therapy three times per week. Group B (Control group): 20 female patients who got only traditional physical therapy three times a week with sham-shock wave once a week for eight weeks were included in this group. Results: There was a significant increase in the measurement of passive range of motion for shoulder abduction, flexion, external rotation and internal rotation in the post-treatment assessments compared to the baseline measurement (P<0.001) and by comparing both groups, there were a statistically significant higher ROM in Group A than Group B (P< 0.001). Also, a significant increase in the measurement of active ROMs for shoulder abduction, flexion, external rotation and internal rotation in the post-treatment assessments compared to baseline measurement (P<0.001). Conclusion: Extracorporeal shock wave therapy is more effective than conventional physical therapy in the treatment of patients with shoulder dysfunction following mastectomy.
In silico targeting CYP51 of Naegleria fowleri using bioactive compounds from Indonesian plants

Context: Given the elusive nature of Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM), caused by Naegleria fowleri, early detection is vital, yet challenging due to limited clinical indicators. This research leverages Indonesia's rich biodiversity to explore novel sources of traditional medicine. Aims: To evaluate the potential compounds from Indonesian plants that possess antiamoebic and antifungal properties for inhibiting the N. fowleri CYP51 protein, crucial for cell integrity. Methods: Initially, 92 compounds were screened, and six were shortlisted following ADMETox evaluation. Subsequent steps encompassed QSAR analysis, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulations. Results: The QSAR analysis verified the activity potential of these six compounds, progressing them to molecular docking analysis. Among these, curcumenol from Curcuma longa emerged as a promising contender, displaying the lowest binding affinity at -9.2 kcal/mol, indicative of superior binding compared to other ligands. Molecular dynamics simulations underscored the stability of all compounds, with root mean square fluctuation (RMSF) values within 1-3 Å. Conclusions: Consequently, employing a comprehensive approach spanning ADMETox, QSAR, molecular docking, and dynamics simulations, curcumenol emerged as the prime candidate for inhibiting the N. fowleri CYP51 protein, suggesting its potential as a PAM therapeutic agent.
Graph-Theoretic Approach for Increasing Participation in Networks With Assorted Resources

In many cooperative networks, individuals participate actively as long as they recognize a sufficient value in participation, which depends not only on the number, but also on the attributes of other participating members. In this paper, we present a generalized model of individuals’ participation in such networks, and a strategy to maximize the number of participating individuals. Unlike most of the existing literature, our model incorporates both the network structure and the heterogeneity of individuals in terms of their attributes and resources. We consider that each individual possesses a subset of available resources (attributes), which it shares with neighbors as long as neighbors reciprocate and provide the missing resources to the individual. However, individual leaves the network if it cannot find all the resources in its neighborhood. To model this phenomenon, we introduce a graph-theoretic notion of the $(r,s)$-core, which is the sub-network consisting of only those individuals who can access all the resources by collaborating with their neighbors. Since disengagement of an individual could initiate a cascading withdrawal of more individuals from the network, one of our main goals is to prevent this unraveling and maximize the number of participating individuals. For this purpose, we utilize the notion of anchors—individuals that continue to participate (due to incentives) even if they cannot find all of the resources in their neighborhood. By introducing only a few anchors, we can significantly increase the number of participating individuals, which in our model corresponds to increasing the size of the $(r,s)$-core. We formulate and thoroughly analyze the anchors’ selection problem by classifying the cases in which the problem is polynomial-time solvable, NP-complete, and inapproximable. Further, we provide greedy and metaheuristic search algorithms to compute a set of anchors and evaluate our results on various networks. Our results are applicable to a large number of cooperative networking applications, including participatory sensing in which users develop an elaborate knowledge of their environment through sharing measurements.
How to Predict the Performance of NBA Draft Prospects

The authors describe a new mathematical system for predicting outcomes of NBA draft prospects based on the outcomes of other previously drafted players. This approach rests on a statistical concept called relevance, which gives a mathematically precise and theoretically justified measure of the importance of a previously drafted player to a prediction. They also describe fit, which assesses in advance the expected reliability of a specific prediction, thereby offering guidance about how committed a team should be to a draft prospect. And they show how fit, together with asymmetry, dynamically focuses each prediction on the combinations of predictive variables and previous players that are most informative for that prediction task. The authors argue that their new relevance ‐ based prediction system addresses complexities that are beyond the capacity of conventional prediction models
Tolérance hémodynamique et hypertrophie rapide d'un transplant hépatique de moins de 30 % de la masse normale chez le porc grâce à une anastomose mésentérico-cave terminalisée

Objectifs - Evaluation d'une nouvelle technique de transplantation hepatique chez le porc dans le but de permettre la survie et la regeneration d'un petit greffon par l'apport d'un flux veineux portal adapte et controle. Materiels et methodes - Vingt porcs Large-White ont recu une transplantation hepatique heterotopique apres une anastomose mesenterico-cave terminalisee dans un rapport de poids donneur/receveur en dessous de 30 %. Elle a ete associee a des ligatures de la veine porte et du choledoque du receveur dans le hile et de la veine mesenterique superieure en aval du shunt. Dans une serie temoin (n = 5), il n'a pas ete fait d'anastomose mesenterico-cave terminalisee et le greffon recevait tout le sang veineux splanchnique. Resultats - L'anastomose mesenterico-cave terminalisee a permis de deriver 60 % du flux splanchnique. Les porcs de l'etude ont eu une mediane de survie de 39 jours (extremes : 8-98). La bilirubinemie mediane a 1 semaine a ete de 12 μmol/L (extremes: 4-59). A l'autopsie, l'hypertrophie des greffons dont l'aspect histologique etait normal, a ete en moyenne de 2,7. Dans le groupe temoin, tous les porcs sont decedes rapidement par stase splanchnique aigue. Conclusion - L'anastomose mesenterico-cave terminalisee a permis la tolerance hemodynamique et l'hypertrophie d'un transplant hepatique de moins de 30 % du poids ideal.