Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
WHEN TRADITION AGAINST MODERNITY: Batak Angkola Men's Resistance towards Gender Equality

Modernity brings about gender equality, but in Padang Lawas, this gender equality is not universally accepted by Batak Angkola men. Resistance under the guise of masculine identity exists based on cultural reasons. This study aims to explore the reasoning behind Batak Angkola men's defense of their masculine identity in the public and domestic spheres amid the prevailing gender equality of the modern world. This study relies on a socio-anthropological approach. Data were obtained through observation and interviews. This study concludes that Batak Angkola men maintain their self-esteem (ego) and uphold their identity as part of the Batak patriarchy by using preventive cultural masculinity reasoning. This use of reasoning keeps them from being deprived of religious and cultural understanding. In essence, the modernity echoing gender equality auto-encourages Batak men to empower and safeguard their masculinity in their own ways and according to their own standards. This affirms that latently, Batak Angkola men's resistance to modernity is rooted in their traditional paradigm. Consequently, this is by no means enough to alleviate Batak women’s longstanding unfavorable circumstances, a double-burdened trap. [Modernitas melahirkan kesetaraan gender, namun di Padang Lawas kesetaraan gender ini tidak diterima secara universal oleh laki-laki Batak Angkola. Perlawanan dengan kedok identitas maskulin ada berdasarkan alasan budaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi alasan di balik pembelaan identitas maskulin laki-laki Batak Angkola di ruang publik dan domestik di tengah kesetaraan gender yang berlaku di dunia modern. Kajian ini bersandar pada pendekatan sosio-antropologis. Data diperoleh melalui observasi dan wawancara. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa laki-laki Batak Angkola mempertahankan harga diri (ego) dan menjunjung tinggi identitasnya sebagai bagian dari patriarki Batak dengan menggunakan penalaran maskulinitas budaya preventif. Penggunaan penalaran ini membuat mereka tidak kehilangan pemahaman agama dan budaya. Intinya, modernitas yang menggemakan kesetaraan gender secara otomatis mendorong laki-laki Batak untuk memberdayakan dan menjaga kejantanannya dengan cara mereka sendiri dan menurut standar mereka sendiri. Hal ini menegaskan bahwa secara laten, resistensi laki-laki Batak Angkola terhadap modernitas berakar dari paradigma tradisional mereka. Konsekuensinya, ini sama sekali tidak cukup untuk meringankan keadaan tidak menguntungkan perempuan Batak yang sudah berlangsung lama, sebuah perangkap berbeban ganda. ]
ON SENSITIVE DEPENDENCE OF CONTINUOUS INTERVAL MAPPINGS

In this paper,it is first proved that the topological entropy of f is positive provided that f is sensitive interval map.Then,by introducing of a kind of extended mappings, it is proved that the infimum of topological entropy of sensitive interval mappings is 0,which shows that the lower bound 0 of the topological entropy is optimal.Finally,some examples are given to show that dense chaos,Spatio-temporal chaos,Li-Yorke sensitivity and sensitivity are almost all independent.
Scan Matching-Based Particle Filter for LIDAR-Only Localization

This paper deals with the development of a localization methodology for autonomous vehicles using only a 3D LIDAR sensor. In the context of this paper, localizing a vehicle in a known 3D global map of the environment is equivalent to finding the vehicle’s global 3D pose (position and orientation), in addition to other vehicle states, within this map. Once localized, the problem of tracking uses the sequential LIDAR scans to continuously estimate the states of the vehicle. While the proposed scan matching-based particle filters can be used for both localization and tracking, in this paper, we emphasize only the localization problem. Particle filters are a well-known solution for robot/vehicle localization, but they become computationally prohibitive as the states and the number of particles increases. Further, computing the likelihood of a LIDAR scan for each particle is in itself a computationally expensive task, thus limiting the number of particles that can be used for real-time performance. To this end, a hybrid approach is proposed that combines the advantages of a particle filter with a global-local scan matching method to better inform the resampling stage of the particle filter. We also use a pre-computed likelihood grid to speed up the computation of LIDAR scan likelihoods. Using simulation data of real-world LIDAR scans from the KITTI datasets, we show the efficacy of the proposed approach.
Anatomical and Simulation Studies Based on Three-Dimensional-Computed Tomography Image Reconstruction of Femoral Offset

Although the hip joint morphology varies by race, few studies have investigated the associations between two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) morphologies. This study aimed to use computed tomography simulation data and radiographic (2D) data to clarify the 3D length of offset, 3D changes in the hip center of rotation, and femoral offset as well as investigate the anatomical parameters associated with the 3D length and changes. Sixty-six Japanese patients with a normal femoral head shape on the contralateral side were selected. In addition to radiographic femoral, acetabular, and global offsets, 3D femoral and cup offsets were investigated using commercial software. Our findings revealed that the mean 3D femoral and cup offsets were 40.0 mm and 45.5 mm, respectively; both were distributed around the mean values. The difference between the 3D femoral and cup offsets (i.e., 5 mm) was associated with the 2D acetabular offset. The 3D femoral offset was associated with the body length. In conclusion, these findings can be applied to the design of better ethnic-specific stem designs and can help physicians achieve more accurate preoperative diagnoses.
Is the Novel Slot Blot a Useful Method for Quantification of Intracellular Advanced Glycation End-Products?

Various types of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) have been identified and studied. I have reported a novel slot blot analysis to quantify two types of AGEs, glyceraldehyde-derived AGEs, also called toxic AGEs (TAGE), and 1,5-anhydro-D-fructose AGEs. The traditional slot blot method has been used for the detection and quantification of RNA, DNA, and proteins since around 1980 and is one of the more commonly used analog technologies to date. However, the novel slot blot analysis has been used to quantify AGEs from 2017 to 2022. Its characteristics include (i) use of a lysis buffer containing tris-(hydroxymethyl)-aminomethane, urea, thiourea, and 3-[3-(cholamidopropyl)-dimetyl-ammonio]-1-propane sulfonate (a lysis buffer with a composition similar to that used in two-dimensional gel electrophoresis-based proteomics analysis); (ii) probing of AGE-modified bovine serum albumin (e.g., standard AGE aliquots); and (iii) use of polyvinylidene difluoride membranes. In this review, the previously used quantification methods of slot blot, western blot, immunostaining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (MS), matrix-associated laser desorption/ionization–MS, and liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization–MS are described. Lastly, the advantages and disadvantages of the novel slot blot compared to the above methods are discussed.
Impact of Medication Adherence on Emergency Department Visits in Patients with COPD in a Single Tertiary Hospital in Saudi Arabia

Introduction There is a very limited information and studies on the impact of adherence to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) medications in Saudi Arabia. We hypothesized that the adherence to COPD medication in our tertiary hospital is poor and can lead to frequent ED visits and longer hospitalization stays. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of medication adherence in patients with COPD on emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalization. Methods A single-center retrospective observational study included patients with a COPD exacerbation, who were admitted to a tertiary teaching hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia from October 2017 to November 2020. The primary outcome was the rate of emergency department (ED) visit in one year. Secondary outcomes were hospitalization after ED visit and total hospital length of stay. Medication adherence was evaluated by using Fixed Medication Possession Ratio (FMPR). Patients with score of ≥0.80 were classified as high-adherent groups while patients with ratio <0.80 were on low-adherent groups. Results A total of 266 patients enrolled in the study. Of those 266 patients, 139 patients were on high-adherent group and 127 were on low-adherent group. There was a significant difference between the high-adherent group and low-adherent group in the incidence of ED visit in one year 62 (44.6%) vs 73 (57.5%); P < 0.036, and hospitalization after the ED visit 26 (18.7%) vs 42 (33.1%); P = 0.007. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups in the total hospital length of stay. Conclusion Among patients with COPD, there was a significant increase in ED visit per one year that leads to more hospitalization among patients with low adherence compared to patients with high adherence. This study highlights the importance of improving the medication adherence in patients with COPD.
Design of Slant-Polarized Planar Tightly Coupled Dipole Array Using T-Type Power Divider

Polarization diversity play a crucial role in the performance of communication, radar and electronic warfare systems. Generally, planar tightly coupled dipole arrays are single-polarization and dual-polarization designed, leading to deficiency of polarization diversity or sharp increase in system cost. In this paper, a typical planar tightly coupled dipole array with T-type power divider is presented. The 1-to-2 strip line power divider is designed to be equal amplitude and phase in which a slant -polarized planar tightly coupled array based on polarization synthesis theory is achieved. The proposed infinite array has a unit cell of $0.43 \lambda_h \times 0.43 \lambda_h$, and obtains an operating bandwidth of 8–12 GHz for active VSWR < 2, and a wide scanning ability up to 60° in both Phi-0° and Phi-90° planes for active VSWR<3.
Seshadri and packing constants

In this note we consider a certain connection between the (local) positivity of line bundles on algebraic varieties and the symplectic packing of balls into symplectic manifolds. Let X be a smooth complex projective variety with an ample line bundle L. Local positivity of the bundle may be measured by Seshadri constants (introduced by Demailly in [9] and then generalized by Xu, [25]). These constants measure, roughly speaking, how small can be the ratio between the degree of a curve and the sum of the curve’s multiplicities in given points. On the other hand, if X is a smooth projective variety, it is also a symplectic manifold, with the symplectic form given by c1(L). We may then consider a symplectic packing of X, ie a symplectic embedding of a disjoint union of standard balls into X. The amount of the volume of X which may be filled by the images of the symplecticly embedded balls is measured by so called packing constants introduced and investigated by Gromov, McDuff, Polterovich and Biran, see [11], [15], [3]. In the first part of this note we collect some results concerning both kinds of constants and then we show a connection between them. In the second part of the paper we consider the special case of toric varieties, and we show that there is a formula connecting Seshadri constants in fixed points of a toric variety with packing constants, where packing in this case is symplectic and equivariant.
DEVELOPING MULTI-LABEL BREAST CANCER SCREENING USING EFFICIENTNETB3 FEATURE EXTRACTOR

Breast cancer is the first new case occurring and the fifth death-causing cancer disease in 2020, which collapses the families as women are the pillar of the family members. 3D image acquisition technology increases treatment methods and decreases the rate of breast cancer death. Furthermore, single-label breast cancer classifications are deployed to solve the problem. However, it cannot convey more information about mammogram images. In the area where the shortage of datasets is there as in the medical image, data augmentation and transfer learning are the best solution. A Multi-Label Breast Cancer Screening is a deep learning model using a transfer learning model that gives information on finding, density, and pathology of patients' breast mammograms to the radiologists, aiming for life-saving and supporting the family. The existing model shows low accuracy on feature extraction and more layers with a very large number of nodes in a layer in the classification part. In this study, the best feature extractor for this particular work is investigated and identified as efficientnetb3, and ONN is used for the classification part. The proposed model outperforms the previous work in all evaluation metrics with a 13.25% f1_score, 53% hamming loss, 36.7% coverage error, and 12.5 an exact match. And , the number of parameters were decreased from 134M to 20M which was resulted from the optimizing of classification part of the model. The developed model with ONN in the classification part has made the best improvement over the existing model in terms of evaluation metrics and network performances.
Mental Illness Detection with Facial Movements using Neural Networks

Neuroscience studies mental health and illness extensively, from both clinical and non-clinical viewpoints. Psychiatric diseases, such as anxiety, depression, and stress spectrum disorders, are associated with atypical facial expressions. Emotional expressions and the detection of mental illness can be significant in diagnosing and treating mental health issues. An early diagnosis of an illness can be made using OpenCV facial recognition and CNN feature extraction and classification. With the help of early diagnosis, there would be a lot of benefits. Deep learning algorithms in neural networks like CNN, and RNN plays a huge role in such people's life by diagnosing their illness.
Resource Allocation in Multi-Cluster Cognitive Radio Networks With Energy Harvesting for Hybrid Multi-Channel Access

Cognitive radio and energy harvesting techniques have been able to provide insight for solutions to the inefficiency in spectrum utilization and the effects of the limited storage capacity of energy batteries. Nevertheless, the requirement for interference constraint for primary user (PU) protection, the quality of service (QoS) requirements of the SUs, and the low power density of the ambient electromagnetic waves have restricted the performance of the radio frequency powered cognitive radio networks (RF-CRNs) in terms of the achievable data rate for specific energy budget or sufficient energy budget for target data rate. We are therefore motivated to investigate a radio frequency powered cognitive radio (RF-CR) with the capacity for improved achievable throughput and energy harvesting. Our model consists of multiple PUs and SUs coexisting in a practical overlapping clustered network. In each time frame for the adopted time division multiple access (TDMA) technique, SUs can exploit the multi-user benefit to harvest energy from both the PU and SUs transmissions for improved active probability. Therefore, taken into consideration the heterogeneity of each SUs in terms of their signal-to-noise (SNR), the energy harvesting rates and the inter- and intra-cluster interference, the problem is formulated into a fractional nonlinear optimization to determine the sensing duration, and power allocations that maximize the average energy efficiency of the RF-CRN subject, to constraints on energy causality, and PU protection. The performance of the proposed hybrid multi-channel access scheme is studied in terms of the trade-off between the total achievable throughput by the secondary users and the interference generated among others. Simulation results show that a trade-off exists between achieving optimal spectral efficiency and energy efficiency and, the optimal transmit power therefore depends on the primary design objective. Results equally show that the proposed hybrid multi-channel access scheme outperforms the existing scheme in literature.
Prescribing Trends for the Same Patients with Schizophrenia Over 20 Years

Background Recent pharmacoepidemiology data show an increase in the proportion of patients receiving second-generation antipsychotic (SGA) monotherapy, but no studies have analyzed the same patients over a long period of time. Therefore, in this study, we retrospectively evaluated schizophrenia patients with available data for 20 years to determine whether the drug treatments in the same patients have changed in the past 20 years. Methods The study began in April 2021 and was conducted in 15 psychiatric hospitals in Japan. Schizophrenia patients treated in the same hospital for 20 years were retrospectively examined for all prescriptions in 2016, 2011, 2006, and 2001 (ie, every 5 years). Results The mean age of the 716 patients surveyed in 2021 was 61.7 years, with 49.0% being female. The rate of antipsychotic monotherapy use showed a slight increasing trend over the past 20 years; the rate of SGA use showed a marked increasing trend from 28.9% to 70.3% over the past 20 years, while the rate of SGA monotherapy use showed a gradual increasing trend over the past 20 years. The rates of concomitant use of anticholinergics, antidepressants, anxiolytics/sleep medications, and mood stabilizers showed decreasing, flat, flat, and flat trends over the past 20 years, respectively. Conclusion The results of this study showed a slow but steady substitution of SGAs for first-generation antipsychotics (FGAs) over time, even in the same patients.
Risk and Adversity Factors in Adult Patients with Comorbid Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Binge Eating Disorder (BED), and Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD): A Naturalistic Exploratory Study

This study was a retrospective pilot chart review of adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) patients diagnosed with and without comorbid binge eating disorder (BED) and borderline personality disorder (BPD). ADHD research is critical because of its prevalence and persistence into adulthood. In the literature, ADHD, BED, and BPD are linked to an underlying impulsivity factor. This comparative study examined whether differences existed between patient groups concerning risk factors, comorbid disorders, and continuous performance test (CPT) cognitive scoring. The main goal was to find significant associations suggestive of correlations between specific factors and a principal diagnosis of ADHD with comorbid BED and BPD. Study participants were patients between 18 and 30 diagnosed by a psychiatrist in an outpatient clinic between June 2022 and December 2022. Both the control and comorbidity groups included 50 participants (N = 100). Patients were randomly chosen based on the chronological order of intake visit dates at the clinic and were selected as participants upon meeting the inclusion criteria. Data were collected through the Med Access EMR database, with quantitative data analyzed using SPSS and chi-squared p-value tests. The results showed significant associations between a principal diagnosis of ADHD with comorbid BPD and BED and (1) having four or more overall risk factors; (2) having five specific reported psychosocial risk factors: family issues, bullying, poverty, trouble with the law, and physical abuse; and (3) having on average more risk factors and comorbidities as compared to ADHD patients without comorbid BPD and BED. No association was found between low CPT scores and, thus, differential cognitive functionality between groups. This research will inform future study hypotheses to develop the clinical profile of ADHD patients with comorbid BED and BPD.
Using Grid Search Methods and Parallel Computing to Reduce AI Training Time for Reliability Lifetime Prediction of Wafer-Level Packaging

Electronic packaging technology undergoes Accelerated Thermal Cycling Test (ACTC) before hitting the market. Finite element analysis is commonly used to build models for electronic packaging products. However, simulation errors may arise due to differences in physical concepts and considerations among researchers. To overcome this challenge, we create a database through validated finite element models and combine it with machine learning. In the domain of machine learning models, training time is a crucial research focus. Nevertheless, grid search time is often overlooked, despite its significant impact on machine learning model efficiency. To address this issue, this study utilizes parallel computing to explore the search for optimized hyperparameters in the context of the Wafer Level Chip Scale Package (WLCSP) as a case study. Additionally, custom empirical formulas are utilized to enhance the efficiency of grid search methods, thereby improving the time-to-market and competitiveness of packaged products.
High-Latitude Dinosaur Nesting Strategies during the Latest Cretaceous in North-Eastern Russia

Dinosaur eggshell fragments attributed to the oofamilies Spheroolithidae and Prismatoolithidae and recovered from the latest Cretaceous Kakanaut Formation of North-eastern Russia (Chukotka) constitute one of the northernmost records of dinosaur reproductive behaviors. The high palaeolatitude of the locality (~75° N), as well as the cool near-polar climate, where summer temperatures only averaged 20 °C during the warmest month, dark near-freezing winters and egg incubation that could have lasted several months, raise questions about dinosaur reproductive strategies, particularly in terms of the timing of egg laying. In order to investigate seasonal aspects of Kakanaut dinosaur reproductions, carbonate from eggshell fragments have been analyzed for their oxygen and carbon isotope compositions, along with the oxygen and carbon isotope compositions of apatite phosphate and structural carbonate of associated theropod, hadrosaur and ankylosaur teeth as well as lepisosteid fish scales. Stable oxygen and carbon isotope compositions of eggshells from the Kakanaut Formation together with those of associated adult dinosaur teeth and fish scales reveal differences in mineralization timing between eggshells and teeth and show that eggs were laid at the very beginning of spring when snowmelt drained from nearby highlands. We propose that Kakanaut dinosaurs laid their eggs at the very beginning of spring in order to accommodate an incubation period that lasted several months. This timing would also benefit from mild temperatures and increasing food availability when the eggs hatch, allowing the hatchlings to grow large enough to survive the next winter or perhaps follow adult animals in their migration southwards.