Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Potential Application of Spring Sargassum glaucescens Extracts in the Moisture-Retention of Keratinocytes and Dermal Fibroblast Regeneration after UVA-Irradiation

Sargassum glaucescens is a marine brown alga with high antioxidant activity. To evaluate the potential application of Sargassum glaucescens extracts (SGE) in skincare, we performed in vitro assays in dermal fibroblasts and epidermal keratinocytes. The antioxidant activity of SGE was confirmed by the suppression of H2O2-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in dermal fibroblasts and in vitro 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity. In the wound healing assay, application of 2 mg/ml SGE stimulated the wound closure of CCD-966SK fibroblasts by a 2.95-fold in comparison to the control. Furthermore, treatment with SGE of concentrations ranging from 0.25 to 1 mg/ml promoted CCD-966SK cell regeneration after UVA irradiation. At the molecular level, 1 mg/ml SGE induced expressions of anti-oxidative genes SOD1 (Superoxide dismutase 1) and GPX1 (Glutathione peroxidase 1), and DNA repair regulatory genes XRCC1 (X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 1) and ERCC6 (Excision repair cross-complementation Group 6) in CCD-966SK cells after UVA irradiation. Therefore, SGE displayed beneficial effects on cell regeneration and the protection of dermal cells against UVA irradiation. In epidermal cells, SGE stimulated the cell proliferation of human primary epidermal keratinocytes. Application of 0.03125 mg/ml SGE induced the expressions of skin barrier-related genes TGM1 (Transglutaminase 1), KRT10 (Keratin 10) and KRT14 in keratinocytes. Meanwhile, SGE induced the gene expression of FLG (Filaggrin), which promoted the production of natural moisturizing factor (NMF) for maintaining the moisture and barrier functions of skin.
Biochemical, physiological changes and antioxidant responses of cut gladiolus flower 'White Prosperity' induced by nitric oxide

Sodium nitroprusside (SNP), as nitric oxide (NO) donor, has been considered by postharvest researchers as one of the best option for slowing the processes controlling senescence in cut flowers. Here, we investigate the role of NO on postharvest physiology and vase life of the Gladiolus grandiflorus cv. White Prosperity. Vase life markedly extended by SNP at 150 μM from 3 day to 7.33 day and thus those inducer effects were dose- and time-dependent. SNP at 125 μM interdependent on vase life time period was observed to be the optimal dose for improving of relative fresh weight (RFW), peroxidase (POD), and total monomeric anthocyanin (TMA) in cut flowers. Supplementing vase solution with SNP indicated significant increase in water uptake of cut flowers and consequently protected to decline in RFW due to alleviate water losses stress. SNP was maintained the level of total soluble protein, lipid peroxidation, and POD, whereas it enhanced the level of catalase (CAT) and TMA in flower petals. Summary of our results revealed that SNP exogenous prolongs vase life via maintaining protein degrade, scavenging free radical in term of anthocyanin and enzymes antioxidant, decreasing polyphenol oxidase, inhibiting lipid peroxidation, and improving membrane stability in ‘White Prosperity’ cut flowers.
New Dental Anomalies in the Greater Japanese Shrew Mole Urotrichus talpoides (Eulipotyphla: Talpidae)

Abstract. Dental anomalies in the greater Japanese shrew mole Urotrichus talpoides Temminck, 1841 (Eulipotyphla: Talpidae) were examined, based on 1001 specimens. We followed the dental formula of U. talpoides I 2/1, C 1/1, P 4/3, M 3/3 = 36, which is adopted by the most recent Japanese researchers, and found dental anomalies in 17 specimens involving 12 instances of absent tooth, four of extra tooth, and one of connate tooth. Of these, the following dental anomalies are reported in U. talpoides for the first time: extra tooth posterior to the upper canine (C1), extra tooth posterior to the upper second premolar (P2), extra teeth on the inner sides of the upper fourth premolars (P4), and connate tooth on the lower canine (C1). The most frequently observed dental anomaly was the absent tooth on C1 (52.9%), whereas the others were not common (< 11.8%). Our results indicate that dental anomalies in U. talpoides in Urotrichini possess the different pattern from those in species in Scalopini and Talpini. On the other hand, alternative hypothesis of dental formula I 3/2, C 1/1, P 3/2, M 3/3 = 36 explains the observed anomaly pattern in line with the general trend of dental anomalies in Talpini and Scalopini.
Biological and Chemical Air Pollutants in an Urban Area of Central Europe: Co-exposure Assessment

Synergistic interactions between biological and chemical air pollutants, enhanced by the effect of meteorological factors, may increase the risk of respiratory disease. Therefore, to accurately evaluate the impact of air pollution on human health, the concomitant behaviors of various air pollutants should be investigated. In this study, the peculiarities of the temporal co-existence of allergenic pollen (alder, birch, grass, and mugwort), fungal spores (Alternaria and Cladosporium), and hazardous air pollutants (ground-level ozone and particulate matter, PM10) collected in Poznan (western Poland) from 2005 to 2016 were analyzed with particular attention to their relation with air temperature. The results of the statistical analysis showed that the daily concentrations of certain airborne particles (pollen, fungal spores, and ozone) significantly increased on days with high mean temperatures. However, high temperatures occurring during earlier stages of development for grass and mugwort, prior to pollen release, decreased the overall quantity of pollen produced and released during the season. Furthermore, the daily concentration of PM10 decreased with increasing temperature. As a result, the co-exposure of alder pollen and PM10 was limited to a narrow temperature range (4–10°C) and mainly recorded during February and March. In most cases, a characteristic pattern was observed: The co-occurrence of air pollutants increased with the temperature. When birch and grass pollen co-occurred with other air pollutants, the temperature was significantly higher (by 2.0 to 8.0°C) than when only pollen grains were observed. In general, high temperatures favored the simultaneous occurrence of pollen grains, fungal spores, and ozone, which was most pronounced during hot days in June and August. Such conditions should therefore be considered the most hazardous for people suffering from allergic airway diseases.
Unmodified kraft lignin isolated at room temperature from aqueous solution for preparation of highly flexible transparent polyurethane coatings

Polyurethane (PU) coatings were successfully produced using unmodified kraft lignin (KL) as an environmentally benign component in contents of up to 80 wt%. Lignin samples were precipitated from industrial black liquor in aqueous solution working at room temperature and different pH levels (pH 2 to pH 5). Lignins were characterized by UV-Vis, FTIR, pyrolysis-GC/MS, SEC and 31P-NMR. Results show a correlation between pH level, OH number and molecular weight Mw of isolated lignins. Lignin-based polyurethane coatings were prepared in an efficient one step synthesis dissolving lignin in THF and PEG425 in an ultrasonic bath followed by addition of 4,4-diphenylmethanediisocyanate (MDI) and triethylamine (TEA). Crosslinking was achieved under very mild conditions (1 hour at room temperature followed by 3 hours at 35 °C). The resulting coatings were characterized regarding their physical properties including ATR-IR, TGA, optical contact angle, light microscopy, REM-EDX and AFM data. Transparent homogeneous films of high flexibility resulted from lignins isolated at pH 4, possessing a temperature resistance up to 160 °C. Swelling tests revealed a resistance against water. Swelling in DMSO depends on index, pH of precipitation and catalyst utilization for PU preparation. According to AFM studies, surface roughness is between 10 and 28 nm.
Green solvent-processed efficient non-fullerene organic solar cells enabled by low-bandgap copolymer donors with EDOT side chains

By a combination of side chain and ternary blend strategies, novel BDT-TT-based copolymer donors were developed to improve the green solvent solubility, crystallinity, energy level, carrier mobility and blend morphology. Non-fullerene binary and ternary blend devices based on PTB-EDOTS exhibited high PCEs of 10.18% and 12.26%, respectively.
Perovskite Grain Size Modulation by annealing in Methyl-Amine Environment

Here we present a novel vapor-annealing technique to improve morphology of pure-iodide perovskite (CH3NH3PbI3) thin-films and get pin-hole-free coverage with > 10µm grain size. X-Ray diffraction (XRD) measurement confirms that the annealed films are phase pure perovskite. The larger grain size leads to a significant increase in the effective recombination lifetime of charge carriers, with the best films showing lifetime of >50 µs, Solar cells fabricated with the large grain perovskite thin film shows significant improvement in short-circuit current density (Jsc) and open-circuit voltage (V oc).
Safety recognition and analysis in skiing with future internet framework support

Skiing plays an important role in the international sports events, especially for 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing. During such skiing competition, the communication network is necessary to provide the support of data transmission so as to guarantee the real‐time situation feedback regarding athletes. As we know, the skiers make the highly dynamic movement, which cannot be supported by the traditional IP‐based Internet. On the contrary, the future Internet especially Information‐Centric Networking (ICN) paradigm can provide the inherent support of mobility. Therefore, this letter employs ICN framework to catch the information of mobile skiers. Based on this framework, this letter proposes a safety recognition and analysis method, including feature extraction at the user‐side and movement recognition at the server‐side based on neural network. The experiments are made based on the dataset from 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, and the results have demonstrated that the novel method is very acceptable. In particular, the proposed scheme has some improvements, that is, 0.575% recall ratio, 0.431% precision ratio and 0.415% F1 value, respectively, compared with the baseline. This future indicates that the proposed method can provide a significant reference for 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing.
Probabilistic inversion of seafloor compliance for oceanic crustal shear velocity structure using mixture density neural networks

Measurements of various physical properties of oceanic sediment and crustal structures provide insight into a number of geological and geophysical processes. In particular, knowledge of the shear wave velocity (VS) structure of marine sediments and oceanic crust has wide ranging implications from geotechnical engineering projects to seismic mantle tomography studies. In this study, we propose a novel approach to nonlinearly invert compliance signals recorded by colocated ocean-bottom seismometers and high-sample-rate pressure gauges for shallow oceanic shear wave velocity structure. The inversion method is based on a type of machine learning neural network known as a mixture density neural network (MDN). We demonstrate the effectiveness of the MDN method on synthetic models with a fixed deployment depth of 2015 m and show that among 30 000 test models, the inverted shear wave velocity profiles achieve an average error of 0.025 km s−1. We then apply the method to observed data recorded by a broad-band ocean-bottom station in the Lau basin, for which a VS profile was estimated using Monte Carlo sampling methods. Using the mixture density network approach, we validate the method by showing that our VS profile is in excellent agreement with the previous result. Finally, we argue that the mixture density network approach to compliance inversion is advantageous over other compliance inversion methods because it is faster and allows for standardized measurements.
Physiological response of broccoli exposed to RuO 2 nanoparticle

Nanotechnology no doubt is a boom for science but exposure of nanoparticles (NPs) in the environment is a new concern. Application of NPs in agriculture to increase crop yield is still debated. In the present study 10–40 μg. ml concentrations of ruthenium oxide (RuO2) NPs were exposed to Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) seedlings in hydroponic culture. RuO2 NPs are synthesized via Laser ablation method and hence are contamination free. UV-visible spectroscopy and field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) is used for the characterization of NPs. Carotenoids, protein and sugar content decreased with increase in concentrations of RuO2 NPs. Total chlorophyll content increased to maximum with highest content of Chlorophyll a & b at 10 μg. ml of RuO2 NPs, but no stimulatory effect was recorded at highest doses. Lipid peroxidation, was unaffected by exposure to 0–20 μg. ml NPs, but at 40 μg. ml malondialdehyde (MDA) formation and SOD activity increased by two fold. It is concluded that RuO2 NPs significantly inhibited the seedlings growth of broccoli by impairing the metabolism of the test plants.
The Employee Performance Analysis in Changes Work Method to Remote Work Patterns in The New Normal Era

Abstract – In 2020 the Covid-19 pandemic has impacted all working area aspect, which requires every organization to make changes quickly and adaptively. Companies are accelerating the use of digital technology, including changing the way they work. This research is focused on analyzing employee performance when there is a change in the way of working from the office to a remote way of working from different locations in the new normal era. This qualitative research uses a phenomenological method approach that utilizes interviews as a means to collect the necessary data and is combined with a netnographic method approach to explore data on the internet. This employee performance analysis is carried out in IT-based organizations, where employees as audiences and managers are considered as parties who can provide performance appraisals with changes in work methods to remote work patterns in the new normal era, as well as its relation to the readiness of technology and its impact on employee performance. The evaluation results show that employee performance is also influenced by the readiness of supporting technology, where in the new normal era with remote work patterns, of course, have challenges in implementing comfortable and safe remote access, so that all activities may run well and smoothly.
Opportunities for the Education System of Pakistan in COVID 19

Online education will be a fairly good alternative for students in Pakistan, not even in the light of the experience of the first wave of the epidemic. How will students, who are constantly struggling to keep up with the classroom and persuade them to study wholeheartedly, study at home voluntarily and with great success? There is no doubt that the current difficult situation demands that Pakistan also pay more attention to its education sector than ever before and ensure maximum use of modern technology in this field. This research project suggest that lot of tools of modern technology that are developed to counter the challenges to education system in epidemic can be useful in normal education life after the end of epidemic. The novel Corona virus has affected thousands of people in Pakistan on the one hand, and economic, educational, business and social activities on the other. If this epidemic has created problems for the education system it also forced the authorities to introduce the better tools of modern technology in education system. Education sectors are adopting modern technological tools during the global epidemic of COVID 19. Pakistan has exposed, among other issues, the flaws and weaknesses of the education system like other developing countries. Due to this epidemic in Pakistan, lockdown has severely affected the educational careers of students. The exams are online; somewhere the classes are taking place in the virtual world classrooms instead of schools, colleges and universities. But the rate of continuing education online in Pakistan is very low. Most of the students just stayed at home during the lockdown and can continue their education online from home if equipped with necessary facilities.
Reconstruction of Historical Land Surface Albedo Changes in China From 850 to 2015 Using Land Use Harmonization Data and Albedo Look‐Up Maps

Land surface albedo is a critical parameter of the Earth's energy budget and has been greatly altered by climate change and human activities. To improve our understanding of historical land surface albedo changes and their climatic effects before the satellite remote sensing era, we reconstructed land surface albedo in China from 850 to 2015 using the historical land use harmonization version 2 (LUH2) data set and albedo look‐up maps, and estimated the radiative forcing induced by land surface albedo changes using atmospheric radiative kernels. The reconstruction results showed that the annual‐mean land surface albedo in China increased by 0.00110 during 850–2015, and the rate of increase was accelerated by the expansion of croplands during recent centuries. The most significant increases in land surface albedo were found in the Huang‐Huai‐Hai (HHH; +0.00646) and Northeast China (NE; +0.00501), which were primarily driven by anthropogenic land cover transformations (e.g., land reclamation, deforestation, and urbanization) and can be enhanced by the vegetation masking effect on snow cover. The radiative forcing induced by land surface albedo changes in China during 850–2015 and 1750–2015 was −0.09 ± 0.04 and −0.06 ± 0.02 W m−2, respectively, which indicated that the land surface albedo changes produced a slight climate cooling effect, helping to offset the warming effect caused by greenhouse gas emissions.
Technological Application to Managing a Municipal Urban Garden

The implementation of urban gardens, which are increasingly appearing in cities, aims to respond actively to the growing demand for urban spaces for the installation of urban gardens, creating conditions for the practice of sustainable agriculture in an urban context. Through these initiatives, it is intended to ensure that the needs of the population are met and to maximize the benefits arising from the practice of urban agriculture, both for the environment and for people’s quality of life. Technology is a facilitating element in the process of acquiring and maintaining these urban gardens. This chapter presents an app that can be used by farmers to manage the production of consumer goods in this space, providing information about the status of crops, products to be grown, and types of required maintenance. This app simplifies the production process and also increases the sustainability of agriculture activities considering the economic, social, and logistical dimensions.
Efficiency of Retail Enterprises in Context of Achievement of Competitive Advantages: Ukrainian Realities

The development of trade sector of the Ukrainian economy triggers the need to study the processes of formation and evaluation of the retail business efficiency taking into account the current conditions of economic development. The objective of research is a methodology for assessing the performance of retail. The proposed methodology is based on the target, resource, dynamic approaches to the efficiency assessment and contains determined efficiency indicators in accordance with evaluation criteria. The indicators of the efficiency assessment take into account the specifics of the retail according to the subjects of assessment: retailer, consumer, competitor, supplier. Proposed methodology for assessing the efficiency allows us to calculate indicators in accordance with the selected approaches to the assessment and identify the problems to be addressed by the retailer’s management. Considering the requirements and interests of stakeholders to assess the efficiency of retail businesses helps to achieve the most recent competitive advantages.
Inclusion Strategies: A Trampoline Program For Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder

Background: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurological disorder that is characterized by deficits in social, communication, and motor function. Trampoline-based interventions reported to promote motor proficiency in children with ASD to foster the development of coordination, balance and muscle strengthen.Methods: This study examined the effects of two trampoline interventions on the motor skill proficiency, muscle strength of the lower limbs, and body mass index (BMI) of 25 children (aged 6.9 ± 2.3 years) with ASD. The 20-weeks intervention participants (n=6) are in the experimental group A, whereas the 32-week intervention participants (n=8) are in experimental group B. The control group consists of 11 participants who did not receive any intervention constituting.The Bruininks–Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency-2 (BOT-2), the Standing long jump, and BMI assessment were conducted three times for each participant at baseline (T1), middle time of the intervention (T2), and post-intervention (T3). Results: The findings suggest that children in both experimental groups exhibited significant improvements in BOT-2 and the standing long jump after the 20-weekand 32-week of trampoline-based physical activity intervention when compared to the children in the control group. No significant difference was found on BMI before and after the interventions in all three groups. Conclusion: The findings provide supporting evidence that a minimum 20-week trampoline training may be a viable therapeutic option for training children with ASD to improve their motor proficiency.
Formation of C–C and C–Heteroatom Bonds by C–H Activation by Metal Organic Frameworks as Catalysts or Supports

Cross-coupling reactions catalyzed by transition metals are currently among the most widely used transformations in organic synthesis. In most of these reactions, the coupling involves the reaction of two complementary functional groups, particularly boronates and halides. For the sake of atom economy and simplicity of the starting materials, it is more advantageous when the coupling involves C–H activation of one substrate lacking a reactive functional group. The present review focuses on the use of metal organic frameworks (MOFs) as solid reusable catalysts to promote cross-coupling reactions involving C–H activation. After general considerations, the review is organized according to the bond formed in the coupling, either C–C or C–heteroatom (N, O, B and X). The purpose of this mini review is to show the performance of MOFs as heterogeneous catalysts in these reactions, combining a high activity due to the large percentage of accessible metal sites and high stability allowing the reuse of the material .
Closure to Discussions

The authors present a valuable contribution to a better understanding of membrane bioreactor (MBR) performance, especially related to biomass properties and process operation. We agree that there has been ‘‘little, if any, attention given to the behavior of membrane-derived sludges’’; hence, any new information is likely to be quickly absorbed by the professional community interested in the MBR process. For this reason, we would like to comment on the presented data and their interpretation and to ask the authors to provide some clarification. Biomass Production. From a practical point of view, the claim that ‘‘the amount of sludge produced as quantified by the observed yield was different’’ for MBR and activated sludge systems is very important and warrants additional examination. In a suspended growth biological system (such as activated sludge or MBR), the mean cell residence time (MCRT) is defined as follows: MCRT 1⁄4 XV Mx Where