Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
and transfer between species and kingdoms

RNA silencing is a common term for mechanisms where small RNAs guide repression of other RNAs (mRNAs, retrotransposon RNAs, viral RNAs) in a sequence-specific manner. RNA silencing exists among eukaryotic organisms where the core mechanisms evolved into many variants with different biological functions. The two most common RNA silencing pathways are microRNA (miRNA) and RNA interference (RNAi). While the miRNA pathway serves for negative regulation of endogenous genes, RNAi pathway usually functions as a form of protection against parasitic sequences although it also target endogenous genes in some cases. Notably, RNA silencing does not operate in a cell-autonomous manner. In a number of cases, small RNAs were detected in extracellular environment and were observed to pass through cells and oven be transferred between organisms. This review provides an overview “mobile” small RNAs, with a particular focus on miRNAs and short interfering RNAs (siRNA) of the RNAi pathways, which exert their effects in different species than they originate from.
FACTORS AFFECTING RESPONSES TO OESTRUS SYNCHRONISATION IN POST-PARTUM BEEF COWS

In seasonally calving beef herds post-partum anoestrus and oestrus detection for precise timing of artificial insemination (AI) remain as major problems limiting reproductive efficiency. The effect of these on the interval from calving to conception influences the quantity and quality of calves weaned, since it determines both the reproductive rate and the spread of calving time. A wide range of treatment regimes have been developed to induce and synchronise oestrus and ovulation for the benefit and convenience of the cattle breeder. However, despite many years of research, results are still inconsistent. In Northern Australia in 1990/1991, for example, almost half (48%) of beef producers in a survey reported troubles with heat detection or cows not responding to synchronising treatments, and, consequently, 37% of artificial breeding programs did not use synchronising drugs and only 6% of programs used set time inseminations (Boothby et al., 1992). This calls for further research into more effective oestrous synchronisation.
Acute Toxicity Assessment of Imidacloprid 70 % WG to a Guppy, Poecilia reticulata (Peters)

: An experimental routine static bioassay test has been performed to determined the acute toxicity of Imidacloprid 70 % WG to juveniles, males, females and mixed population of a freshwater fish, Poecilia reticulata (Peters) for 96 hrs, using water of hardness 560 ± 5 mg/l and pH 7.4 ± 0.3. The LC values and the 50 95% confidence limits for different concentrations and time intervals (24, 48, 72 and 96 hrs) were evaluated by Probit analysis statistical method. The 96 hrs LC values of Imidacloprid 70% WG were estimated as: 68.443, 50 90.056, 180.593 and 117.614 ppm respectively for juveniles, males, females and mixed population of Poecilia reticulata . However, the value of Presumable safe and Safe dischargeable concentrations of Imidacloprid 70 % WG were found to be ranged in between 21.948 ppm to 56.079 ppm and 1.048 ppm to 1.084 ppm respectively. The Juveniles of Poecilia were found to be extremely sensitive to this pesticide than males followed by females. The studied fishes also exhibits changes in behavioural pattern during the course of bioassay test, has been noticed.
New paradigms in signature schemes

Digital signatures provide authenticity and nonrepudiation. They are a standard cryptographic primitive with many applications in higher-level protocols. Groups featuring a computable bilinear map are particularly well suited for signature-related primitives. For some signature variants the only construction known uses bilinear maps. Where constructions based on, e.g., RSA are known, bilinear-map-based constructions are simpler, more efficient, and yield shorter signatures. We describe several constructions that support this claim. First, we present the Boneh-Lynn-Shacham (BLS) short signature scheme. BLS signatures with 1024-bit security are 160 bits long, the shortest of any scheme based on standard assumptions. Second, we present Boneh-Gentry-Lynn-Shacham (BGLS) aggregate signatures. In an aggregate signature scheme it is possible to combine n signatures on n distinct messages from n distinct users into a single aggregate that provides nonrepudiation for all of them. BGLS aggregates are 160 bits long, regardless of how many signatures are aggregated. No construction is known for aggregate signatures that does not employ bilinear maps. BGLS aggregates give rise to verifiably encrypted signatures, a signature variant with applications in contract signing. Third, we present Boneh-Boyen-Shacham (BBS) group signatures. Group signatures provide anonymity for signers. Any member of the group can sign messages, but the resulting signature keeps the signer's identity secret. Only the group manager can trace the signature, undoing its anonymity, using a special trapdoor. BBS group signatures are 1443 bits long, shorter than any previous scheme by an order of magnitude. The signing operation is also an order of magnitude more efficient than in previous schemes. Finally, we consider variants and extensions of the BBS group signature scheme, including a group signature with a novel revocation mechanism that we call verifier-local revocation (VLR). In a VLR group signature, messages announcing the revocation of some users need only be processed by the verifiers; the signers are stateless. We present the Boneh-Shacham VLR group signature scheme, which has signatures even shorter than in BBS.
ISSN 2320-5407 International Journal of Advanced Research (2016), Volume 4, Issue 1, 571- 579

Anita Grewal Betel vine (Piper betle) is an important cash crop of India. ISSR markers were used to assess the genetic diversity and relationships of 15 cultivars of betelvine. Out of 28 ISSR primers tested, 18 were selected for their reproducibility, reliability and high polymorphism. Eighteen ISSR primers amplified 138 bands with 118 (85.51%) polymorphic ones. Average polymorphic information content (PIC) was 0.32 over all primers used. The genetic diversity and relatedness among 15 betelvine cultivars was computed using Jaccard‟s similarity coefficient. The dendrogram grouped cultivars in 3 main clusters. PCA (principal component analysis) results were comparable to cluster analysis. The results suggested that ISSR markers can successfully reveal variability among the cultivars. ISSR can be useful for genetic diversity studies, to provide practical information for parental selection and to assist breeding programs.
Grandchildren raised by grandparents a troubling trend

provides open access, scholarly publishing services to the University of California and delivers a research Abstract: This study was conducted in response to requests for demographic and needs data on children living with grandparents in California and elsewhere. The 1990 U.S. Census reported that in California, at least 493,080 children under age 18 (6.4%) lived in households headed by their grandparents. In Alameda County, for example, 22,783 children lived with their grandparents and, of these, about 9,330 (41%) were under 6 years old. Grandparents raising their grandchildren is not a new phenomenon, but the conditions under which some assume primary parenting responsibilities are a growing concern. Custodial grandparents may have multiple health problems and experience severe stress when confronted by the attendant costs and responsibilities. The grandchildren often have emotional, learning and physical disabilities, and many live in poverty. This study describes the demographic distribution of grandchildren living in grandparent households in California, standardizes prevalence rates by county and sets priorities for health and human service needs of grandparents and the grandchildren under their care. We recommend program planning within UC Cooperative Extension to respond to the educational and training needs of older caregivers. Nearly a half-million California children were living in grandparent-headed households in 1990, and the rates have been increasing. Lula Jones, 69, cares for four of her great-grandchildren in Sacramento. She shares a snack with, left to fight: Omari Lee, 4; Deandre Jones, 20 months; and Giovani Griffin, 2. needs, while their caregivers struggle with finances, legal matters and isolation.
DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF BUCCAL MUCOADHESIVE TABLETS OF PANTOPRAZOLE SODIUM

Introduction : Drug delivery via buccal route using mucoadhesive dosage forms offers a novel route that can improve bioavailability of many drugs. Pantoprazole sodium is a proton pump inhibitor indicated for erosive esophagitis associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). It is completely absorbed after oral administration, has short half life and low bioavailability because of first pass metabolism. It is a suitable candidate for administration via buccal route. Materials and methods: Various synthetic and natural bioadhesive polymers were studied for suitability as mucoadhesive buccal delivery. Bilayer mucoadhesive buccal tablets were prepared by direct compression. The tablets were evaluated for in vitro drug dissolution and ex vivo mucoadhesion. Results: Hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose and sodium alginate were found to be most suitable mucoadhesive polymers. Drug release and ex vivo mucoadhesion was observed for 8 hours.
A Review on Contaminants of Emerging Concern in the Environment: A Focus on Active Chemicals in Sub-Saharan Africa

Active chemicals are among the contaminants of emerging concern that are rarely covered in regulatory documents in sub-Saharan Africa. These substances are neither in the list of routinely monitored substances nor in the guidelines for routine environmental monitoring activities. This has been of concern to public health officials, toxicologists, communities, and governments, hence the need for risk assessment and regulation of these substances. In this review article, the presence of active chemicals in the sub-Saharan African environment was investigated. The results indicate the availability of few studies in some countries, while in other countries no reports of active chemicals were found, hence the need for further research targeting such countries. It was further observed that mixtures of active chemicals from different therapeutic categories—such as antibiotics and analgesics—were reported. The natural environment is increasingly at risk due to the presence of these substances, their metabolites, and their transformation byproducts. These substances are characterized by persistence as a result of their non-biodegradable nature; hence, they circulate from one environmental compartment to another through the food chain, causing harm along the way. Most studies that evaluated the toxicity of these substances considered the effects of a single drug, but observations indicated the presence of drug mixtures, hence the need for further evaluation of the effects of drug–drug interactions—including synergistic and additive effects—for environmental sustainability. The presence of ACs in several environmental compartments at quantifiable quantities was discovered in this investigation, indicating the potential for ecosystem injury as a result of bioaccumulation, bioconcentration, and biomagnification through the food chain. This necessitates further research on the subject in order to ensure a healthier environment.
The influence of microbial mats on travertine precipitation in active hydrothermal systems (Central Italy)

The study of hydrothermal travertines contributes to the understanding of the interaction between physico- chemical processes and microbial mats in carbonate precipitation. Three active travertine sites were investigated in Central Italy to characterise the types of carbonate precipitates and the associated microbial mats at varying physico- chemical parameters. Carbonate precipitated fabrics at the decimetre to millimetre- scale and microbial mat composition vary with decreasing water temperature: (a) at relatively higher temperature (55– 44°C) calcite and aragonite crystals precipitate on microbial mats of Chloroflexi and sulphur- oxidizing microbes forming filamentous streamer fabrics with sparse cyanobacteria, (b) at intermediate temperature (44– 40°C), rafts, coated gas bubbles and dendrites are associated with Spirulina cyanobacteria and other filamentous and rod- shaped cyanobacteria, (c) low temperature (34– 33°C) laminated crusts and oncoids forming in a terraced slope system are associated with diverse Oscillatoriales and Nostocales filamentous cyanobacteria, Spirulina and diatoms. At the microscale, carbonate precipitates are similar in the three sites consisting of prismatic calcite crystals organised in radial rosettes or fibrous aragonite spherulites (40– 300 µm in diameter), overlying or embedded in Extracellular Polymeric Substances. Clotted peloidal micrite dominates at temperatures <40°C, also encrusting filamentous microbes. Carbonates are associated with gypsum crystals; extracellular polymeric substances are enriched in silicon, aluminium, magnesium, calcium, phosphorous and sulphur; authigenic aluminium- silicates form aggregates on Extracellular Polymeric Substances. This study confirms that microbial communities in hydrothermal settings vary as a function of water temperature. Carbonate precipitates at the microscale are similar in the three settings, despite different microbial communities, suggesting that travertine precipitation, driven by carbon dioxide degassing, is influenced by biofilm extracellular polymeric substances acting as a substrate for crystal nucleation (Extracellular Polymeric mediated mineralization) and affecting the resultant fabric types, independently from specific microbial community composition and metabolism.
A Causal Relationship Model Work Engagement Affecting Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Job Performance of Professional Nursing

: The research objectives were to study the antecedents affecting professional nursing engagement, to analyze and investigate a causal relationship model work engagement affecting organizational citizenship behavior and job performance of the professional nursing population. The samples were professional nurses over one year amounted. The total number of 1,582 professional nurses were firm the Non-profit private hospital, Private hospital and Government hospital in Bangkok. The latent factors were 6 latent including of work engagement, organizational citizenship behavior, job performance, transformational leadership, job characteristics and work environment. Data are analyzed by using structural equation modeling: SEM for study. The results showed work engagement had significant effect to organizational citizenship behavior and job performance of professional nursing. The findings of this study revealed that Probability 0.054, CMIN/DF = 1.180, (GFI) = 0.989, (AGFI) = 0.980, (RMSEA) = 0.011. The causal variables explained that the variance of the job performance was 0.98. The study showed work engagement had direct influence on an organizational citizenship behavior of professional nursing, work environment had a direct influence on a work engagement of professional nursing, organizational citizenship behavior had a direct influence on a job performance of professional nursing, work engagement had a direct influence on a job performance of professional nursing, job characteristics had a direct influence on a work engagement of professional nursing and transformational leadership had a indirect influence on a work engagement of professional nursing.
Video Game Live Streaming | Encyclopedia

In recent years, the online broadcast industry has developed rapidly with the emergence of various live streaming platforms, such as Twitch, YouTube, Douyu, Huya, and so on. Twitch (www.twitch.tv) and YouTube Gaming (gaming.youtube.com) had more than 470 million regular visitor members in 2016 (more than 50% of gamers in the US, Europe, and Asia Pacific) . By the end of 2018, at least 1 million people were watching live streaming on Twitch at any time, and the total duration of viewing time on the platform was recorded at 434 billion minutes. In addition, the number of streamers on Twitch increased from 2 million in 2017 to 3 million in 2018, with nearly 500,000 streamers visiting this platform daily . The addiction to video game live streaming has also raised concerns. In the area of mental health, Internet addiction has been described as a disorder in which individuals use the Internet excessively . Addiction to online gaming has been included separately in the fifth edition of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders as a tentative disorder . Problematic use of online gaming has become a popular topic of academic concern. However, the relevant research is few about video game live streaming use and various psychological variables.
and N-6 in

Associations between Arsenic (13 Oxidation State) Methyltransferase (AS3MT) Adenine-specific DNA Methyltransferase1 (N6AMT1) Polymorphisms, Arsenic Metabolism, and Cancer Risk a Chilean Population. Inter-individual differences in arsenic metabolism have been linked to arsenic-related disease risks. Arsenic ( 1 3) methyltransferase (AS3MT) is the primary enzyme involved in arsenic metabolism, and we previously demonstrated in vitro that N-6 adenine-specific DNA methyltransferase 1 (N6AMT1) also methylates the toxic inorganic arsenic (iAs) metabolite, monomethylarsonous acid (MMA), to the less toxic dimethylar-sonic acid (DMA). Here, we evaluated whether AS3MT and N6AMT1 gene polymorphisms alter arsenic methylation and impact iAs-related cancer risks. We assessed AS3MT and N6AMT1 polymorphisms and urinary arsenic metabolites (%iAs, %MMA, %DMA) in 722 subjects from an arsenic-cancer case-control study in a uniquely exposed area in northern Chile. Polymorphisms were genotyped using a custom designed multiplex, ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) assay for 6 AS3MT SNPs and 14 tag SNPs in the N6AMT1 gene. We found several AS3MT polymorphisms associated with both urinary arsenic metabolite profiles and cancer risk. For example, compared to wildtypes, individuals carrying minor alleles in AS3MT rs3740393 had lower %MMA (mean difference 52 1.9%, 95% CI: 2 3.3, 2 0.4), higher %DMA (mean difference 5 4.0%, 95% CI: 1.5, 6.5), and lower odds ratios for bladder (OR 5 0.3; 95% CI: 0.1–0.6) and lung cancer (OR 5 0.6; 95% CI: 0.2–1.1). Evidence of interaction was also observed for both lung and bladder cancer between these polymorphisms and elevated historical arsenic exposures. Clear associations were not seen for N6AMT1 . These results are the first to demonstrate a direct association between AS3MT polymorphisms and arsenic-related internal cancer risk. This research could help identify subpopulations that are particularly vulnerable to arsenic-related disease. Environ.
A PRIMAL-DUAL ALGORITHM FOR THE UNCONSTRAINED FRACTIONAL MATCHING PROBLEM

In this thesis, we present a primal-dual algorithm for a generalization of the Maximum Matching Problem, a well known problem in graph theory. Although the proposed problem, called the unconstrained fractional matching problem, can be solved in polynomial time using established algorithms for linear programming, we provide a combinatorial algorithm with a running time complexity of O(1V12IEI).
INDOOR OUTDOOR DETECTION

This thesis shows a viable machine learning model that detects Indoor or Outdoor on smartphones. The model was designed as a classiﬁcation problem and it was trained with data collected from several smartphone sensors by participants of a ﬁeld trial conducted. The data collected was labeled manually either indoor or outdoor by the participants themselves. The model was then iterated over to lower the energy consumption by utilizing feature selection techniques and subsampling techniques. The model which uses all of the data achieved a 99 % prediction accuracy, while the energy eﬃcient model achieved 92 . 91 % . This work provides the tools for researchers to quantify environmental exposure using smartphones.
vs. Effect: Shifting Product Attitudes and Decisions through Personal Connection

: The results of five field and laboratory experiments reveal a ―time vs. money effect‖ whereby activating time (vs. money) leads to a favorable shift in product attitudes and decisions. Because time increases focus on product experience, activating time (vs. money) augments one‘s personal connection with the product, thereby boosting attitudes and decisions. However, because money increases focus on product possession, the reverse effect can occur in cases where merely owning the product reflects the self (i.e., for prestige possessions, or for highly materialistic consumers). The ―time vs. money effect‖ proves robust across implicit and explicit methods of construct activation. Implications for research on the psychology of time and money are discussed. The results of five field and laboratory experiments reveal a ―time vs. money effect‖ whereby activating time (vs. money) leads to a favorable shift in product attitudes and decisions. Because time increases focus on product experience, activating time (vs. money) augments one‘s personal connection with the product, thereby boosting attitudes and decisions. However, because money increases focus on product possession, the reverse effect can occur in cases where merely owning the product reflects the self (i.e., for prestige possessions, or for highly materialistic consumers). The ―time vs. money effect‖ proves robust across implicit and explicit methods of construct activation. Implications for research on the psychology of time and money are discussed.
MEASUREMENTS WORLD World in Chaos New Approach to Understanding Quantum Gravitation

Our space probably has an external boundary. While approaching it, the uncertainty in the motion of particles begins to increase rapidly. In this case, quantum-mechanical chaos escapes from the microcosm and fills the macroscopic world. The laws of motion degenerate and the concept of spacetime loses its physical meaning. We can find out about reality of this phenomenon by conducting high-precision measurements of the speed of light and Planck's constant.
An S‐ to Ku‐wideband low‐noise amplifier using asymmetric π filter and shunt‐peaking technique with simultaneous input match and noise flatness

A single‐stage S to Ku band (2‐18 GHz) low noise amplifier (LNA) employing asymmetric π input match network and inductive shunt‐peaking technique in 0.18 μm SiGe BiCMOS is presented. Shunt‐shunt feedback is utilized to ensure wide operating as well as form a noise suppression topology. With the process of SiGe heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) featuring f T/fmax of 240/280 GHz, the measurement of the proposed LNA results in S11 below −10 dB, S21 of 19.6 ± 0.8 dB and 2.2‐3.2 dB noise figure (NF) from 2 to 18 GHz, drawing 9 mA DC current from a 3.3 V supply.