Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Proposed Back Propagation Deep Neural Network for Intrusion Detection in Internet of Things Fog Computing

Internet of things (IoT) is an emerging concept which aims to connect billions of devices with each other anytime regardless of their location. Sadly, these IoT devices do not have enough computing resources to process huge amount of data. Therefore, Cloud computing is relied on to provide these resources. However, cloud computing based architecture fails in applications that demand very low and predictable latency, therefore the need for fog computing which is a new paradigm that is regarded as an extension of cloud computing to provide services between end users and the cloud user. Unfortunately, Fog-IoT is confronted with various security and privacy risks and prone to several cyberattacks which is a serious challenge. The purpose of this work is to present security and privacy threats towards Fog-IoT platform and discuss the security and privacy requirements in fog computing. We then proceed to propose an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) model using Standard Deep Neural Network's Back Propagation algorithm (BPDNN) to mitigate intrusions that attack Fog-IoT platform. The experimental Dataset for the proposed model is obtained from the Canadian Institute for Cybersecurity 2017 Dataset. Each instance of the attack in the dataset is separated into separate files, which are DoS (Denial of Service), DDoS (Distributed Denial of Service), Web Attack, Brute Force FTP, Brute Force SSH, Heartbleed, Infiltration and Botnet (Bot Network) Attack. The proposed model is trained using a 3-layer BP-DNN
Enhanced-AODV Node Reliability Approach for MANET to Optimize Performance Metrics and Energy Consumption

Ad-hoc network is a network of moving wireless nodes which do not have a central or permanent influence over their connections. It is a mobile node device that is auto configured and connected to an arbitrary infrastructure through wireless connections. Therefore, due to the highly complex environment, MANET routing is acrucial activity. Various protocols are used to enhance the routing process, such that a network route is found between every transmitter and the host receiver. In this post, we modified the AODV protocol to increase the rate of throughput, end-to-end delays, and packet distribution, etc. We used ns3 simulator to compare the protocols AODV, DSDV, OLSR and Enhanced AODV. It is noteworthy that EAODV routing protocols perform much better than OLSR that the DSDV routing protocol provides high throughput, a lower latency and high delivery ratio of packages. In addition, our proposed energy efficient model has changed conventional AODV. Our improved EAODV protocol's overall performance is 3% superior to other conventional protocols.
Cyanobacterial toxins.

Abstract Cyanobacteria are capable of producing a wide range of low-molecular-weight toxic compounds, largely identified as a result of poisoning incidents and through meticulous screening of cyanobacterial strains and blooms. Their molecular modes of action vary and can include hepatotoxic and neurotoxic effects in acute doses. Furthermore, long-term exposure to cyanobacterial toxins has been implicated in a number of human health conditions, from primary liver cancer to human neurodegenerative disease. Through various routes and media, exposure to cyanobacterial toxins can occur and toxicological and quantitative assessment of cyanobacterial blooms should be performed to help minimize adverse effects on human and animal health. Management and treatment of cyanobacterial blooms can, in the long term, prevent periodic exposure to these toxic compounds.
Methods and techniques for precise and accurate in-duct aero-acoustic measurements : Application to the area expansion

During the design and commissioning of combustion equipment, combustion associated instabilities are commonly encountered. These thermo-acoustic instabilities can cause undesirable noise, vibrations, local thermal and mechanical stresses in the combustor and are prominent in lean combustion. An often used mathematical tool to predict the instability in combustors is the so called network model where the system under study is subdivided in several subsystems and the acoustic state variables are regarded as the input/output of these subsystems. Solving this system of equations gives rise to the complex Eigen-frequencies of the system which tell if the complete system will have an unstable/stable response for specific operating conditions. In such a model it is critical to know what the influence of each subpart is on the acoustic wave propagation to correctly predict the unstable frequencies of the system. The area expansion is a common element found in combustors and the acoustic properties of the area expansion under quiescent conditions are well known, however in the presence of flow, acoustic flow interactions may occur. These interactions change the acoustic properties and are challenging to model and accurate experimental data is needed to validate the modelling. In this study, measurements of the aero-acoustic properties of an area expansion are presented, however the focus is on the experimental techniques and methods used to obtain accurate and precise measurement data in the plane wave frequency regime. The measurement accuracy of the setup used to determine the passive aero-acoustic properties of the area expansion is assessed by measuring a known impedance. Several sources of errors are identified and methods to account for these error sources are given. It is shown that the microphone impedance affects the measurement results and the upper limit of the measurement accuracy for quiescent measurements is governed by this error. The measurement precision of the setup is assessed using a multi-variate analysis and compared with results obtained from a Monte-Carlo simulation. Also the problem to determine the uncertainty of the measured complex pressures receives attention. Using a framework based on the Hilbert-transform, expressions are derived which estimate the uncertainty on the measured complex value from the background signal spectrum. The obtained knowledge is used to determine the scattering matrix of the area expansion. For the quiescent case, the measured results agree within 1.5% of the absolute values and within 1 degree in comparison with the analytical models. In the case with flow, the errors are slightly larger due to the increased flow-noise but a good correspondence with analytical models is found. Also a sudden sound absorption at high flow speeds and low frequencies is observed.
Legislation has minimal impact on drivers’ in-vehicle use of nomadic devices

Nomadic devices are portable technologies that drivers are able to use as means of navigation, entertainment or communication. Behavioural studies indicate that using nomadic devices while driving can result in cognitive and manual distraction leading to poorer vehicle control and reduced attention to critical events. Legislative attempts have been made to impose restrictions on the use of some devices while driving, translating to either a total ban (as in the case of hands-held mobile phones) to limiting the level of interaction (e.g. not entering or changing a destination in a navigation system). In this study, over 1500 drivers across Europe were surveyed and using their country of residence as a proxy for the stringency of legislation, their propensity to own, use and engage in risky interactions with nomadic devices was modelled. Whilst the results varied depending on the nomadic device, the relationship between legislation and use was not always straightforward. Mobile phone legislation, which is relatively simple and well promoted, was clearly understood and adhered to; however, more complicated or less advertised legislation such as that pertaining to navigation devices and music players was poorly comprehended and, where present, generally not complied with. The study highlights the need for drivers to be presented with clear legislation, supported by educational and enforcement campaigns.
Wartime Concentration of Production

C ONCENTRATION of the production of essential civilian goods in a few plants in each industry is a step which a nation at war may be forced to take when the need for resources becomes so critical that wasteful uses cannot be tolerated. When the War Production Board announced on July 23, I942, that it had approved the principle of concentration of production as a means of furthering the war effort,2 it was adopting a policy which has played an important role in the British war production program since March, I94I. In Great Britain some fifty industries had already been concentrated into "nucleus" plants by the middle of I942, and about 250,000 workers and over 55,ooo,ooo square feet of floor space had been released for other purposes.3 In this country, on the other
Predictive Value of The G1–G6 Transcriptomic Molecular Classification of Hepatocellular Carcinoma for its Biological Behavior and Clinicopathological Features in China

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide and a large number of genetic alterations are involved in the carcinogenetic process. A G1–G6 transcriptomic classification was previously proposed in a French study, and Korean and Singaporean groups indicated its potential application in Asian HCC patients. However, the genomic profiles of Chinese patients are distinct from patients of other regions, and therefore the suitability of this method in Chinese HCC patients has remained unknown.Materials/Methods: In this study, we tested the transcriptomic group classification from the French cohort on a cohort of HCC patients from China. a total of 107 HCC cases from China were selected for the G1–G6 transcriptomic molecular classification. The correlation between the G1–G6 molecular classification and clinicopathological features were analyzed. RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were performed to screen related targets and molecular signaling pathways.Results: We investigated the G1–G6 signatures in 107 Chinese HCC patients. HCC cases from China (n=107) were distributed as follows: G1 (17.76%), G2 (1.87%), G3 (18.69%), G4 (9.35%), G5 (23.36%), and G6 (28.97%) groups. We observed concordance between the genetic profiles and clinical features of Chinese HCC patients and French HCC patients. We found that the G1–G3 subgroups were associated with high serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level, high copy number of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA, complex histopathological structure, macrovascular invasion, negative or weak Hep-Par1 expression, programmed death-ligand 1 expression, and liver cancer stemness. The G1 subgroup was mainly related to liver cancer stemness, and G3 subgroup showed the worst prognosis. The G5 and G6 subgroups were associated with activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Compared with the G1–G4 group, the G1–G3 group showed significantly higher expression levels of regenerating family member 1 beta (REG1B), regenerating family member 3 gamma (REG3G), and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 (ITPR1), and enriched calcium signaling pathway.Conclusions: Our results clarify the correlation between G1–G6 molecular classification and molecular markers and molecular signaling pathways in the Chinese HCC population and initially established a link between the phenotype and molecular characteristics. This study enhances our understanding of the heterogenicity of China HCC and indicates that the G1–G6 signatures can be used to identify potential therapeutic biomarkers against HCC patients in China.
The Vacuum Interrupter: Theory, Design, and Application

PREFACE INTRODUCTION VACUUM INTERRUPTER THEORY AND DESIGN HIGH-VOLTAGE VACUUM INTERRUPTER DESIGN Introduction The External Design Electrical Breakdown in Vacuum Internal Vacuum Interrupter Design X-Ray Emission Arc Initiation When Closing a Vacuum Interrupter References THE VACUUM ARC The Closed Contact The Formation of the Vacuum Arc during Contact Opening The Diffuse Vacuum Arc The Columnar Vacuum Arc The Transition Vacuum Arc The Interaction of the Vacuum Arc and a Transverse Magnetic Field The Vacuum Arc and an Axial Magnetic Field Overview References THE MATERIALS, THE DESIGN, AND THE MANUFACTURE OF THE VACUUM INTERRUPTER Introduction Vacuum Interrupter Contact Materials The Contact Structures for the Vacuum Interrupter Other Vacuum Interrupter Design Features Vacuum Interrupter Manufacture References VACUUM INTERRUPTER APPLICATION GENERAL ASPECTS OF VACUUM INTERRUPTER APPLICATION Introduction The Interruption of AC Circuits Interruption of AC Circuits When the Contacts Open Just before Current Zero Contact Welding References APPLICATION OF THE VACUUM INTERRUPTER FOR SWITCHING LOAD CURRENTS Introduction Load Current Switching Switching Inductive Circuits Vacuum Contactors Switching Capacitor Circuits Vacuum Interrupters for Circuit Switching, Circuit Isolation, and Circuit Grounding Summary References CIRCUIT PROTECTION, VACUUM CIRCUIT BREAKERS, AND RECLOSERS Introduction Load Currents Short-Circuit Currents Late Breakdowns and Nonsustained Disruptive Discharges Vacuum Circuit Breaker Design Vacuum Circuit Breaker Testing and Certification Vacuum Circuit Breakers for Capacitor Switching, Cable and Line Switching, and Motor Switching Application of Vacuum Circuit Breakers Concluding Summary References AUTHOR INDEX SUBJECT INDEX
Effect of imipramine on ether à‐go‐go potassium channel (Kv1.10) expression in DU145 prostate cancer cells

In recent studies, it has been reported that ion channels play an important role in cancer formation. Therefore, it is possible that the use of pharmacological agents targeting ion channels will allow the development of new strategies for cancer treatment. In this study, we investigate the effect of imipramine on Eag1 channel expression in DU145 prostate cancer cells. Culture cells were divided into 4 groups as the control, 10, 50 and 75 µM imipramine. Eag1 channel currents and conductivity were determined by whole‐cell patch‐clamp technique and gene expression by real time‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). Current records were taken before (at 0th minute, as control) and 10 min after imipramine administration to the cells. It was observed that all three doses of imipramine significantly reduced Eag1 currents and conductivity compared with the control. However, the differences between dose groups were not significant. Similarly, Eag1 channel protein expression was found to be significantly reduced for all three doses of imipramine compared with the control group, but there was no significant difference in gene expression between dose groups. Obtained results suggested that imipramine has the potential to be used as a pharmacological agent targeting the Eag1 channel in the treatment of prostate cancer.
Improving Recurrent Software Development: A Contextualist Inquiry Into Release Cycle Management

IMPROVING RECURRENT SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT: A CONTEXTUALIST INQUIRY INTO RELEASE CYCLE MANAGEMENT BY KAMRAN M. SYED May 8, 2014 Committee Chair: Dr. Lars Mathiassen Major Academic Unit: J. Mack Robinson College of Business Software development is increasingly conducted in a recurrent fashion, where the same product or service is continuously being developed for the marketplace. Still, we lack detailed studies about this particular context of software development. Against this backdrop, this dissertation presents an action research study into Software Inc., a large multi-national software provider. The research addressed the challenges the company faced in managing releases and organizing software process improvement (SPI) to help recurrently develop and deliver a specific product, Secure-on-Request, to its customers and the wider marketplace. The initial problem situation was characterized by recent acquisition of additional software, complexity of service delivery, new engineering and product management teams, and low software development process maturity. Asking how release management can be organized and improved in the context of recurrent development of software, we draw on Pettigrew’s contextualist inquiry to focus on the ongoing interaction between the contents, context and process to organize and improve release cycle practices and outcomes. As a result, the dissertation offers two contributions. Practically, it contributes to the resolution of the problem situation at Software Inc. Theoretically, it introduces a new software engineering discipline, release cycle management (RCM), focused on recurrent delivery of software, including SPI as an integral part, and grounded in the specific experiences at Software Inc.
Moderate intensity cycling combined with cognitive dual-task improves selective attention

Physical and cognitive exercises have positive long-term effects on cognitive capacities. However, acute effects still are controversial. Here we determine the acute effects of physical exercise combined with concurrent cognitive exercise on cognitive performance in young adults. Simple reaction time, selective attention, and memory were evaluated in 23 young men before and after 30 min of stationary cycling exercise, 30 min of stationary cycling exercise combined with cognitive exercise, and 30 min of rest. Exercise intensity was continuously controlled to ensure exercise at moderate intensity. We found that physical exercise combined with cognitive dual-task improves selective attention. Both exercise conditions showed similar effects on simple reaction time, and memory was not affected by the different exercise conditions. We conclude that the combination of cycling exercise at moderate intensity with a cognitive exercise acutely improves selective attention in young adults. These results can be of particular interest for interventions aiming at improving selective attention in sports and for older adults and individuals with difficulty to suppress and filter out task-irrelevant information, like when receiving instruction or learning a new task or concept.
Mechanical thrombectomy versus intravenous alteplase alone in acute isolated posterior cerebral artery occlusion: a systematic review

Background Acute isolated posterior cerebral artery occlusions (aPCAOs) were excluded or under-represented in major randomized trials of mechanical thrombectomy (MT). The benefit of MT in comparison to intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (alteplase; IV-tPA) alone in these patients remains controversial and uncertain. Methods We performed a systematic search of PubMed, MEDLINE, and EMBASE databases for articles comparing MT with or without bridging IV-tPA and IV-tPA alone for aPCAO using keywords (‘posterior cerebral artery’, ‘thrombolysis’ and ‘thrombectomy’) with Boolean operators. Extracted data from patients reported in the studies were pooled into groups (MT vs IV-tPA alone) for comparison. Estimated rates for favorable outcome (modified Rankin scale score 0–2), symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH), and mortality were extracted. Results Seven articles (201 MT patients, 64 IV-tPA) were included, all retrospective. There was no statistically significant difference between pooled groups in median age, median presentation National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, PCAO segment, and median time from symptom onset to puncture or needle. The recanalization rate was significantly higher in the MT group than the IV-tPA group (85.6% vs 53.1%, p<0.00001). Odds ratios for favorable outcome (OR 1.5, 95% CI 0.8 to 2.5), sICH (OR 1.1, 95% CI 0.2 to 5.5), and mortality (OR 1.4, 95% CI 0.5 to 3.6) did not significantly favor any modality. Conclusions We found no significant differences in odds of favorable outcome, sICH, and mortality in MT and IV-tPA in comparable aPCAO patients, despite superior MT recanalization rates. Equipoise remains regarding the optimal treatment modality for these patients.
Smart arginine-equipped polycationic nanoparticles for p/CRISPR delivery into cells

An efficient and safe delivery system for the transfection of CRISPR plasmid (p/CRISPR) into target cells can open new avenues for the treatment of various diseases. Herein, we design a novel nonvehicle by integrating an arginine-disulfide linker with low-molecular-weight PEI (PEI1.8k) for the delivery of p/CRISPR. These PEI1.8k-Arg nanoparticles facilitate the plasmid release and improve both membrane permeability and nuclear localization, thereby exhibiting higher transfection efficiency compared to native PEI1.8k in the delivery of nanocomplexes composed of PEI1.8k-Arg and p/CRISPR into conventional cells (HEK 293T). This nanovehicle is also able to transfect p/CRISPR in a wide variety of cells, including hard-to-transfect primary cells (HUVECs), cancer cells (HeLa), and neuronal cells (PC-12) with nearly 5–10 times higher efficiency compared to the polymeric gold standard transfection agent. Furthermore, the PEI1.8k-Arg nanoparticles can edit the GFP gene in the HEK 293T-GFP reporter cell line by delivering all possible forms of CRISPR/Cas9 system (e.g. plasmid encoding Cas9 and sgRNA targeting GFP, and Cas9/sgRNA ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) as well as Cas9 expression plasmid and in vitro-prepared sgRNA) into HEK 293T-GFP cells. The successful delivery of p/CRISPR into local brain tissue is also another remarkable capability of these nanoparticles. In view of all the exceptional benefits of this safe nanocarrier, it is expected to break new ground in the field of gene editing, particularly for therapeutic purposes.
Associations between poor gross and fine motor skills in pre-school and peer victimization concurrently and longitudinally with follow-up in school age - results from a population-based study.

BACKGROUND Children with poor motor skills are at increased risk of peer victimization. However, it is unclear whether poor gross and fine motor skills are differently linked to peer victimization among pre-school and schoolchildren. AIMS To investigate associations between poor gross and fine motor skills measured in pre-school and the associations to peer victimization measured concurrently and in school age. SAMPLE Data from the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa), and the Medical Birth Registry of Norway were used. Participants with complete questionnaires at 3, 5, and 8 years (n = 23 215) were included. METHODS A longitudinal design and an autoregressive cross-lagged model were used to investigate if poor gross and fine motor skills at 3 and 5 years predicted peer victimization at 5 and 8 years. Because emotional difficulties are associated with both motor skills and peer victimization, the results were adjusted for emotional difficulties. RESULTS Only poor fine motor skills at 3 years had a significant association to peer victimization at 5 years. Poor gross motor skills at 5 years had a stronger association to peer victimization measured concurrently compared to poor fine motor skills, and only poor fine motor skills at 5 years was significantly linked to peer victimization at 8 years. No gender difference was found between these paths. CONCLUSIONS Teachers and parents should be aware that motor skills predict peer victimization, and that poor gross and fine motor skills have different associations to peer victimization measured at different ages.