Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Rosmarinus officinalis and Centella asiatica Nanoemulsions Against Caspase 3 Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Expression

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is closely related to oxidative stress conditions in insulin resistance conditions that increase Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) against the body's defense antioxidant mechanism. Chronic complications due to hyperglycemia in patients with GDM increase BAX / BCL2 levels which then activates the change of procaspase 3 to caspase 3, an activator of apoptosis. This study aims to determine the effect of the combination of Rosmarinus officinalis and Centella asiatica nanoemulsions on caspase 3 expressions in zebrafish models of gestational diabetes mellitus, with a posttest-only controlled group design. The samples were divided into five groups, namely K- (EM), K+(EM+3% Glucose), P1, P2 and P3 (3% Glucose + Combination of Rosmarinus officinalis and Centella asiatica 2.5μg/ml, 5μg/ml and 10μg/ml), which will be tested for PEPCK and Caspase expression at the age of 3dpf using Real Time-PCR. The results of the correlation test of the group with caspase 3 obtained (p = 0.045) negative direction. These results show that the combination of Rosmarinus officinalis and Centella asiatica nanoemulsion decreased Caspase 3 expression in zebrafish models of gestational diabetes mellitus. The combination of Rosmarinus officinalis and Centella asiatica nanoemulsion has the potential to reduce blood glucose levels and reduce the risk of apoptosis in gestational diabetes mellitus patients.
Transformational leadership practices and its influence on teachers job satisfaction in Addis Ababa government secondary schools

Abstract This study aims to explore the practices of transformational leadership and its influence on teachers’ job satisfaction in Addis Ababa government secondary schools. Narrative research design was employed to achieve the objective of the study. Thirty-nine school principals were selected using a purposive sampling technique. Thematic analysis was used to investigate the qualitative data that was gathered through principal’s interview.The finding of this study reveals that school principals are practicing transformational leadership by consoling their staff members to consider new thoughts, to use a variety of technologies, and to involve in training to fill any knowlege gap. Principals also strive to take into account the needs of each teacher and function as role models in all of their activities. However, it is not operated to its fullest potential in schools due to challenges related to teachers engagement in routine activities than creating new methods and ideas, multiple responsibilities of school principals, COVID-19-related activities, and poor school environment. Teachers’ job satisfaction is also low due to low level of transformational leadership. Hence, enhancing the exercise of transformational leadership through improving the school environment and delegating principals authority to the department heads, teachers,and student representatives is required to escalate the teachers’ job satisfaction.
What does the Occluding Contour Tell us about Quantitative Shape?

The local shape of the occluding contour of an object is known to constrain the local shape of the object surface [1], however, these known constraints are qualitative. Here we posit here that in addition to these qualitative constraints, typical regularities of common objects and rules of projection induce dependencies that can be used to derive statistical estimates of quantitative solid shape from the occluding contour. To explore this conjecture, we partition the problem into two parts: 1) Estimation of the 3D rim from the 2D occluding contour, and 2) Estimation of the visible surface shape from the estimated 3D rim. We train and evaluate a number of statistical models on two distinct 3D object datasets and demonstrate that capturing these statistical regularities leads to better estimates of 3D shape than existing methods.
Rhizosphere Microbiome Modulators : Contributions of Nitrogen Fixing 1 Bacteria towards Sustainable Agriculture 2

9 Rhizosphere microbiomes which have been implicated to enhance plant growth and yield are 10 modulated or influenced by a couple of environmental factors such as soil type, plant cultivar, 11 climate change and anthropogenic activities. In particular, anthropogenic activity such as the use 12 of nitrogen-based chemical fertilizers is associated with environmental destruction and this call 13 for a more ecofriendly strategy to increase nitrogen level of agricultural land. This feat is 14 attainable by harnessing nitrogen-fixing endophytic and free-living rhizobacteria. Rhizobium, 15 Pseudomonas, Azospirillum and Bacillus have been found to have positive impacts on crops by 16 enhancing both above and belowground biomass and could therefore play positive roles in 17 achieving sustainable agriculture. Thus, it is needful to study these rhizosphere microbiomes 18 with more sophisticated culture-independent technologies such as next generation sequencing 19 (NGS) with the prospect of discovering novel bacteria with plant growth promoting traits. This 20 review is therefore aimed at discussing factors that can modulate rhizosphere microbiomes with 21 focus on the contributions of nitrogen fixing bacteria towards sustainable agricultural 22 development and the techniques that can be used for their study. 23 24
Real-Time Embedded Eye Image Defocus Estimation for Iris Biometrics

One of the main challenges faced by iris recognition systems is to be able to work with people in motion, where the sensor is at an increasing distance (more than 1 m) from the person. The ultimate goal is to make the system less and less intrusive and require less cooperation from the person. When this scenario is implemented using a single static sensor, it will be necessary for the sensor to have a wide field of view and for the system to process a large number of frames per second (fps). In such a scenario, many of the captured eye images will not have adequate quality (contrast or resolution). This paper describes the implementation in an MPSoC (multiprocessor system-on-chip) of an eye image detection system that integrates, in the programmable logic (PL) part, a functional block to evaluate the level of defocus blur of the captured images. In this way, the system will be able to discard images that do not have the required focus quality in the subsequent processing steps. The proposals were successfully designed using Vitis High Level Synthesis (VHLS) and integrated into an eye detection framework capable of processing over 57 fps working with a 16 Mpixel sensor. Using, for validation, an extended version of the CASIA-Iris-distance V4 database, the experimental evaluation shows that the proposed framework is able to successfully discard unfocused eye images. But what is more relevant is that, in a real implementation, this proposal allows discarding up to 97% of out-of-focus eye images, which will not have to be processed by the segmentation and normalised iris pattern extraction blocks.
Soil Erosion in a British Watershed under Climate Change as Predicted Using Convection-Permitting Regional Climate Projections

Climate change can lead to significant environmental and societal impacts; for example, through increases in the amount and intensity of rainfall with the associated possibility of flooding. Twenty-first-century climate change simulations for Great Britain reveal an increase in heavy precipitation that may lead to widespread soil loss by rising the likelihood of surface runoff. Here, hourly high-resolution rainfall projections from a 1.5 km (‘convection-permitting’) regional climate model are used to simulate the soil erosion response for two periods of the century (1996–2009 and a 13-year future period at ~2100) in the “Rother” catchment, West Sussex, England. Modeling soil erosion with EROSION 3D, we found a general increase in sediment production (off-site erosion) for the end of the century of about 43.2%, with a catchment-average increase from 0.176 to 0.252 t ha−1 y−1 and large differences between areas with diverse land use. These results highlight the effectiveness of using high-resolution rainfall projections to better account for spatial variability in the assessment of long-term soil erosion than other current methods.
Perspective on salutogenic approaches to persistent pain with a focus on mindfulness interventions

In this article, we provide a unique perspective on the use of mindfulness interventions in a whole health framework embedded within the theory of salutogenesis and the concept of painogenic environments. We argue that mindfulness is a valuable tool to bridge exploration of inner experiences of bodily pain with socio-ecological influences on thoughts and emotions. We outline research from neuroimaging studies that mindfulness techniques mediate neural processing and neuroplastic changes that alleviate pain and related symptoms. We also review evidence examining behavioural changes associated with mindfulness meditation providing evidence that it promotes self-regulatory activity, including the regulation and control of emotion and catalysation of health behaviour changes; both of which are important in chronic illness. Our viewpoint is that mindfulness could be a core element of salutogenic approaches to promote health and well-being for people living with pain because it rebuilds a fractured sense of cohesion. Mindfulness empowers people in pain to embrace their existence; shifting the focus away from pain and giving their lives meaning. We propose that integrating mindfulness into activities of daily living and individual or community-based activities will promote living well in the modern world, with or without pain; thus, promoting individual potential for fulfilment. Future research should consider the effects of mindfulness on people with pain in real-life settings, considering social, environmental, and economic factors using a broader set of outcomes, including self-efficacy, sense of coherence and quality of life.
Studies of Error Sources in Geodetic VLBI

Achieving the goal of millimeter uncertainty in three dimensional geodetic positioning on a global scale requires significant improvement in the precision and accuracy of both random and systematic error sources. For this investigation we proposed to study errors due to instrumentation in Very Long Base Interferometry (VLBI) and due to the atmosphere. After the inception of this work we expanded the scope to include assessment of error sources in GPS measurements, especially as they affect the vertical component of site position and the measurement of water vapor in the atmosphere. The atmosphere correction 'improvements described below are of benefit to both GPS and VLBI.
Nanoparticle-Based Treatment in Glioblastoma

Glioblastoma (GB) is a malignant glioma associated with a mean overall survival of 12 to 18 months, even with optimal treatment, due to its high relapse rate and treatment resistance. The standardized first-line treatment consists of surgery, which allows for diagnosis and cytoreduction, followed by stereotactic fractionated radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Treatment failure can result from the poor passage of drugs through the blood–brain barrier (BBB). The development of novel and more effective therapeutic approaches is paramount to increasing the life expectancy of GB patients. Nanoparticle-based treatments include epitopes that are designed to interact with specialized transport systems, ultimately allowing the crossing of the BBB, increasing therapeutic efficacy, and reducing systemic toxicity and drug degradation. Polymeric nanoparticles have shown promising results in terms of precisely directing drugs to the brain with minimal systemic side effects. Various methods of drug delivery that pass through the BBB, such as the stereotactic injection of nanoparticles, are being actively tested in vitro and in vivo in animal models. A significant variety of pre-clinical studies with polymeric nanoparticles for the treatment of GB are being conducted, with only a few nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems to date having entered clinical trials. Pre-clinical studies are key to testing the safety and efficacy of these novel anticancer therapies and will hopefully facilitate the testing of the clinical validity of this promising treatment method. Here we review the recent literature concerning the most frequently reported types of nanoparticles for the treatment of GB.
Estudio y compensación de los efectos de la saturación y la temperatura en los métodos de control sin sensor de velocidad/posición de motores síncronos de imanes permanentes basados en el rastreo de saliencias espaciales

La Tesis aborda el estudio de las tecnicas de control sin sensor de velocidad/posicion de motores de imanes permanentes basadas en el rastreo de saliencias espaciales mediante inyeccion de una senal portadora de alta frecuencia. La Tesis desarrolla las expresiones matematicas generales de la maquina tanto en baja como en alta frecuencia, y se plantean criterior basicos que permitan seleccionar la frecuencia y la amplitud de la senal portadora a inyectar. Del mismo modo se plantean las ventajas e inconvenientes de realizar la inyeccion de la senal de excitacion de alta frecuencia en tension o en corriente. Se analiza el efecto de la saturacion sobre las maquinas de imanes permanentes, presentando el modelo matematico que permite determinar el efecto de la saturacion cruzada y se resuelve dicho modelo para la excitacion con un vector giratorio y una modulacion en amplitud. Se presenta un metodo para la determinacion los terminos cruzados presentados en el modelo. Asi mismo, se presenta un esquema que permite el desacoplo del efecto de la saturacion cruzada. Se analiza las expresiones de las saliencias secundarias inducidas para las excitaciones con modulacion en amplitud y con vector giratorio. Se analiza la importanica del desacoplo de los efectos provocados por las saliencias secundarias y se analiza el resultado de su desacoplo mediante una tabla de desacoplo y mediante modelos adaptativos. Se analiza admeas la influencia de la resistencia transitoria de estator y de rotor en el modelo de alta frecuencia de la maquina. Se resuelven las ecuaciones fasoriales para el caso de la excitacion con un vector giratorio de tension de alta frecuencia y con una modulacion en amplitud en el eje de, obteniendo por una parte las expresiones de las amplitudes de los armonicos de secuencia positiva y negativa y por otra las expresiones de las fases de dichos armonicos. Se analizan los errores derivados de la no consideraicon de la resistenica e
A Survey on Cyber Security in Smart Grids using Internet of Things

Smart grid technology is a critical application of the Internet of Things, and it is gaining popularity in the science and technology arena. However, it is also highly vulnerable to cyber attacks and threats. To address this issue, we conducted a survey to identify various studies that propose solutions for enhancing cyber security in smart grids based on the Internet of Things. We created a questionnaire that compared the studies in terms of their problem statements, proposed solutions, research methodology, and results. The objective of this paper is to emphasize the significance of cyber security for smart grids and to identify appropriate solutions to safeguard them from potential attacks and threats.
Significant Disparity of Access to Stroke Treatment Between the Western Parts and Eastern and Northern Parts of Sydney

Objective To provide an estimate of access times and distances to an endovascular clot retrieval (ECR) service provider for a typical stroke patient in the western part of Sydney and to compare it with the eastern and northern parts. Methods Incidences of stroke were simulated through a population-weighted randomized selection of addresses in the studied western, eastern, and northern areas of Sydney (100,000 times for each). The access times and distances were calculated from those addresses to the closest ECR hub for the eastern and northern parts and to all five ECR hubs, as well as the Nepean Public Hospital (NPH) for the western part. The access times and distance means were compared statistically using ANOVA. Results In the western areas, the estimated average access times and distances to different ECR hubs varied from 38.5 (+/- 15) to 45 (+/- 15) minutes and from 42 (+/- 15.9) to 46.8 (+/- 16) km in working hours and from 45 (+/- 15) to 64 (+/- 15) minutes and 46.8 (+/- 16) to 69.6 (+/- 16) km in after hours. However, the estimated average access times and distances to the local ECR hub were 12.25 (+/- 6) minutes and 9.1 (+/- 5.6) km for northern and 7.5 (+/- 4) minutes and 4.4 (+/- 2.5) km for the eastern areas. The differences between the estimated average access times and distances for a typical stroke patient to an ECR hub in the western areas in comparison with eastern or northern areas were statistically significant (p<0.0001). The average access times and distances in the western part to NPH were 17 (+/- 16) minutes and 15.6 (+/- 16.6) km. Conclusions The patients in the western part of Sydney had significantly longer access times to ECR hubs than those living in comparable areas of the eastern and northern parts. This study supports the Nepean Public Hospital supplying an ECR service to achieve travel times, and, therefore, treatment times for a typical stroke patient in the western parts, similar to patients in the eastern and northern parts of Sydney.
Sliding Mode Control Based on Super Twisting Algorithm for Single-Stage On-Board Charger

This paper presents a super-twisting algorithm-based sliding mode control (STA-SMC) method for a single-stage on-board charger (OBC). Constant current (CC) and constant voltage (CV) charging modes are determined by a simple algorithm that works depending on the battery’s state of charge (SOC) level. Based on the mode detection algorithm, a proportional-integral (PI) controller is used to generate the amplitude of the inductor current reference that is identical to the grid current’s amplitude. The inductor current is controlled by the proposed STA-SMC method. Simulation studies are carried out through the MATLAB/Simulink environment. The results reveal that the proposed control method successfully regulates battery voltage or current and grid current under dynamic and steady-state conditions. Furthermore, the proposed method exhibits a smooth transition from CC to CV modes and vice versa. Also, the spectrums of grid current show that the total harmonic distortion in grid current is under the recognized limits by the standards.
Collateral Circulation Classification Based on Cone Beam Computed Tomography Images using ResNet18 Convolutional Neural Network

—Collateral circulation is an arterial anastomotic channel that supply nutrient perfusion to areas of the brain. It happens when there is an existence of disruption of regular sources of flow due to an ischemic stroke. The most recent method, Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) neuroimaging is able to provide specific details regarding the extent and adequacy of collaterals. The current approaches for collateral circulation classification are based on manual observation and lead to inter and intra-rater inconsistency. This paper presented a 2-class automatic classification that is recently growing very fast in artificial intelligence disciplines. The two classes will differentiate between good and poor collateral circulation. A pre-trained convolutional neural network (CNN), namely ResNet18, has been used to learn features and train using 4368 CBCT images. Initially, the dataset is prepared, labeled and augmented. Then the images were transferred to be trained using the ResNet18 method with certain specifications. The algorithm performance was then evaluated using metrics in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, F1 score and precision on the CBCT images to classify collateral circulation accurately. The findings can automate collateral circulation classification to ease the limitations of standard clinical practice. It is a convincing method that supports neuroradiologists in assessing clinical scans and helps neuroradiologists in clinical decisions about stroke treatment.
Differential inputs to striatal cholinergic and parvalbumin interneurons imply functional distinctions

Striatal cholinergic (ChAT) and parvalbumin (PV) interneurons exert powerful influences on striatal function in health and disease, yet little is known about the organization of their inputs. Here using rabies tracing, electrophysiology and genetic tools, we compare the whole-brain inputs to these two types of striatal interneurons and dissect their functional connectivity in mice. ChAT interneurons receive a substantial cortical input from associative regions of cortex, such as the orbitofrontal cortex. Amongst subcortical inputs, a previously unknown inhibitory thalamic reticular nucleus input to striatal PV interneurons is identified. Additionally, the external segment of the globus pallidus targets striatal ChAT interneurons, which is sufficient to inhibit tonic ChAT interneuron firing. Finally, we describe a novel excitatory pathway from the pedunculopontine nucleus that innervates ChAT interneurons. These results establish the brain-wide direct inputs of two major types of striatal interneurons and allude to distinct roles in regulating striatal activity and controlling behavior.
Culinary Business Online Marketing Strategies in the Post-Covid 19 Pandemic Era

The Covid-19 pandemic has had a major impact on the culinary industry in Indonesia, especially on small and medium enterprises. Many culinary business actors have been forced to close their businesses because they are affected by the pandemic. The purpose of this study is to analyze and examine the phenomana and symptoms of online product marketing by culinary business people in Jakarta in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic that has hit Indonesia, especially in Jakarta. The research method used is a qualitative approach by conducting direct observations, literature studies and in-depth interviews with key informants as business actors and microeconomic observers. Analysis and discussion of observations of the phenomena and symptoms of online marketing Culinary Sales in Jakarta shows that online culinary marketing has experienced a significant increase in income. Theoretically, marketing online product sales is the most appropriate strategy, both in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic and in the midst of normal conditions. The conclusion of the results of this study is that online product marketing today and in the future is the best choice for middle to lower economic actors who are difficult to avoid.
Source attribution of human salmonellosis using a meta-analysis of case-control studies of sporadic infections

SUMMARY Salmonella is an important cause of human illness. Disease is frequently associated with foodborne transmission, but other routes of exposure are recognized. Identifying sources of disease is essential for prioritizing public health interventions. Numerous case-control studies of sporadic salmonellosis have been published, often using different methodologies and settings. Systematic reviews consist of a formal process for literature review focused on a research question. With the objective of identifying the most important risk factors for salmonellosis, we performed a systematic review of case-control studies and a meta-analysis of obtained results. Thirty-five Salmonella case-control studies were identified. In the meta-analysis, heterogeneity between studies and possible sources of bias were investigated, and pooled odds ratios estimated. Results suggested that travel, predisposing factors, eating raw eggs, and eating in restaurants were the most important risk factors for salmonellosis. Sub-analyses by serotype were performed when enough studies were available.