Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
WSRT 1.4 and 5-GHz light curves for WR 147 (AS 431, WN8(h)+OB)

The results of more than 8-yr monitoring (1988-1997) of the Wolf-Rayet binary WR 147 (WN8(h)-OB) with the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope (WSRT) are presented. When the strong winds of the Wolf-Rayet (WR) and OB binary components collide. they produce non-thermal excess radiation in the region where the two winds interact. The binary system, monitored at 1.4 and 5 GHz (21 and 6cm), is not resolved by the WSRT, thus we observed the total flux density of the system. The time-averaged 5 and 1.4-GHz flux densities are 35.4 +/-0.4 mJy and 26.4 +/- 0.3 mJy, respectively These give a time-averaged spectral index of alpha (5-1.4 GHz) approximate to 0.23 +/- 0.04, where S-nu proportional to nu (alpha). The departure from the value expected for thermal radiation from a spherically symmetric stellar wind, alpha = 0.6, call be attributed to non-thermal emission from a bow-shaped source to the north of the thermal source associated with the WN8 star. With a possible detection at 350 WHz of 16 +/- mJy, in our separate study of the Cygnus region, the spectral energy distribution, after the contribution of the southern thermal source is subtracted, can be fitted by a synchrotron emission model which includes free-free absorption. The nonthermal emission originates in the region where the winds of the binary components collide. This region, therefore, contains a mixture of relativistic particles accelerated by shocks and thermal particles, responsible for the free-free absorption. We show, in a simplified model of the system, that additional free-free absorption may occur when the line of sight to the collision region passes through the radiophotosphere of the WR wind. The 1.4-GHz flux density of WR 147 varied between similar to 20 mJy and similar to 30 mJy. We attribute the irregular, stochastic variations with a typical timescale of about 60 days to inhomogeneities in the wind, with different mechanisms involved in the flux-density increase than in the flux-density decrease. A flux-density increase results when the inhomogeneities in the wind/clumps enter the wind collision region, fuelling the synchrotron emission. The typical timescale of the flux-density decrease is shorter than the timescale of synchrotron loss (similar to 10(3) yr) or the Inverse-Compton lifetime (approximate to4.5 yr), but of the order of the Row time in the colliding-wind region (similar to 80 d). Therefore, we suggest that the flux-density decrease is due to plasma outflow from the system. Furthermore. variable free-free absorption due to large clumps passing the line of sight may also cause variations in the flux density. We observe a possible long-term flux-density variation oil top of the stochastic variation. This variation is fitted with a sinusoid with a similar to7.9-yr period, with a reduced chi (2) of 1.9. However. as the period of the sinusoid is too close to the monitoring time span, further monitoring is needed to confirm this lon-term variation.
Academics in the boardroom: The effect of a gender quota regulation

In the framework of literature devoted to corporate governance and board composition, we take a peculiar viewpoint and focus on the presence of university professors in the governing body of Italian banks. In particular, we test whether the gender quota regulation increased the presence of female professors as directors. We ¯nd evidence of a relevant increase in the probability of designating women from the academia in the years immediately following the entry into force of the gender quota regulation in Italy, whereas no signi¯cant increase is in place for male pro-fessors over the same period. Our results suggest the need to enhance the career opportunities for women up the C-levels in order to fuel diversity in the boardrooms, not only in independent but also in executive roles. In light of the empirical evidence provided, a re-thinking of gender quota regulations would also be advisable in order to better pursue the desired outcomes.
Orthodontic Induced Inflammatory Root Resorption: The Process Involved and its Management - A Review of Literature

Orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption (OIIRR) is inevitable as the force applied during orthodontic treatment to initiate tooth movement induces inflammation, causing iatrogenic root resorption. Even with the use of new technologies in orthodontic appliances, the traumatic effects on the periodontium are still present. Therefore, a proper understanding of the biological aspect of OIIRR such as its pathophysiology and the repair process is crucial to aid in its prevention or minimizing the damage to the apical region. Reported studies related to root resorption in orthodontics and its management until 2022 were searched electronically via PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar using keywords such as ‘root resorption’, ‘orthodontic treatment’, ‘root resorption repair’, and ‘management’. Other sources were taken from the references of the selected papers. The management of OIIRR has not changed much from the past, which is to temporarily stop the active orthodontic treatment for two to three months and a passive archwire can be used instead. However, interventions such as low-level laser therapy (LLLT), low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS), and mechanical vibrational force were introduced to reduce the risk or enhance the healing process of OIIRR. Nevertheless, further studies are warranted to develop a proper usage protocol and the long-term effects of these methods.
Robust Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentation via Dual Domain Cascaded Decision and Annotation Bootstrap

: The performance of weakly supervised semantic segmentation (WSSS) can be effectively improved by introducing Web images. In order to achieve knowledge transfer using external data robustly, a robust knowledge transfer learning method of dual domain collaborative bootstrap is proposed. Firstly, the knowledge transfer from Web domain to target domain is effectively achieved through dual domain cascaded decision-making strategy, which highly promotes the robustness of WSSS. In addition, the reliability is intensively enhanced due to reducing the noise of images and improving the quality of annotation by dual domain collaborative learning. The method achieves 65.4% and 65.9% mIoU on benchmark dataset PASCAL VOC 2012 validation and test sets, respectively. The experimental results outperforming the most of WSSS methods could show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Exploring e-health literacy among students of sports vs. medical students

Introduction/Aim: Data about electronic health (eHealth) literacy and potential differences in eHealth literacy between university students are lacking. The aim of this study was to evaluate eHealth literacy in students of sports and medicine and to assess the factors associated with better eHealth literacy. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out from April to October 2017 among final year students of the Faculty of Sports and Physical Education and the Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia. A total of 89 sports students and 301 medical students were included. The eHealth Literacy Scale (eHEALS) was used to evaluate eHealth literacy. Results: Compared with sports students, medical students had higher median eHEALS score (27 vs. 30, respectively, p=0.008). Medical students were twice as confident as sports students in their efforts to locate helpful online health resources and use online health information. A significant hierarchical linear regression model was not obtained in the sample of sports students regarding predictors of better eHealth literacy. In the sample of medical students, the following was associated with better self-perceived eHealth literacy: being female, residing outside of the capital before becoming a student, younger age at the time of the first Internet use, the use of health-related websites and smartphone apps as well as lower influence of online health-related information on decision making regarding health. Conclusion: Medical students were more confident in perceiving their eHealth literacy skills compared to sports students. The factors associated with better eHealth literacy may depend on the fields of study.
Intelligent Physical Robots in Health Care: Systematic Literature Review

Background Intelligent physical robots based on artificial intelligence have been argued to bring about dramatic changes in health care services. Previous research has examined the use of intelligent physical robots in the health care context from different perspectives; however, an overview of the antecedents and consequences of intelligent physical robot use in health care is lacking in the literature. Objective In this paper, we aimed to provide an overview of the antecedents and consequences of intelligent physical robot use in health care and to propose potential agendas for future research through a systematic literature review. Methods We conducted a systematic literature review on intelligent physical robots in the health care field following the guidelines of PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). Literature searches were conducted in 5 databases (PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, Embase, and CINAHL) in May 2021, focusing on studies using intelligent physical robots for health care purposes. Subsequently, the quality of the included studies was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. We performed an exploratory content analysis and synthesized the findings extracted from the included articles. Results A total of 94 research articles were included in the review. Intelligent physical robots, including mechanoid, humanoid, android, and animalistic robots, have been used in hospitals, nursing homes, mental health care centers, laboratories, and patients’ homes by both end customers and health care professionals. The antecedents for intelligent physical robot use are categorized into individual-, organization-, and robot-related factors. Intelligent physical robot use in the health care context leads to both non–health-related consequences (emotional outcomes, attitude and evaluation outcomes, and behavioral outcomes) and consequences for (physical, mental, and social) health promotion for individual users. Accordingly, an integrative framework was proposed to obtain an overview of the antecedents and consequences of intelligent physical robot use in the health care context. Conclusions This study contributes to the literature by summarizing current knowledge in the field of intelligent physical robot use in health care, by identifying the antecedents and the consequences of intelligent physical robot use, and by proposing potential future research agendas in the specific area based on the research findings in the literature and the identified knowledge gaps.
Ionospheric Plasma Structuring in Relation to Auroral Particle Precipitation

Auroral particle precipitation potentially plays a main role in ionospheric plasma structuring. The impact of auroral particle precipitation on plasma structuring is investigated using multi-point measurements from scintillation receivers and all sky cameras from Longyearbyen, Ny-Ålesund and Hornsund on Svalbard. This provides us with the unique possibility of studying the spatial and temporal dynamics of the aurora. Here we consider three case studies to investigate how plasma structuring is related to different auroral forms. We demonstrate that plasma structuring impacting the GNSS signals is largest at the edges of auroral forms. Here we studied two stable arcs, two dynamic auroral bands and a spiral. Specifically for arcs we find elevated phase scintillation indices at the pole-ward edge of the aurora. This is observed for auroral oxygen emissions (557.7 nm) at 150~km in the ionospheric E-region. This altitude is also used as the ionospheric piercing point for the GNSS signals as the observations remain the same regardless of different satellite elevations and azimuths. Further, there may be a time delay between the temporal evolution of aurora (f.e. commencement and fading of auroral activity) and observations of elevated phase scintillation indices. The time delay could be explained by the intense influx of particles, which increases the plasma density and causes recombination to carry on longer, which may lead to a persistence of structures - a 'memory effect'. High values of phase scintillation indices can be observed even shortly after strong visible aurora and can then remain significant at low intensities of the aurora.
Research on intelligent detection of pavement damage based on CNN

In order to timely detect road damage under complex constraints, the road damage mechanism was used to reclassify the types of road damage, the VGG-19 model was applied to identify and detect less road damage images intelligently through convolutional neural network and transfer learning and at the same time, the road damage situation was detected using the Softmax classifier and the feasibility and accuracy of the method were verified on the basis of the detection set. The results show that the detection and recognition accuracy of the model proposed in this paper reaches 86.2 %, an increase of 6.2-49.8 percentage points than the detection results of other convolutional neural network models. Therefore, it can be concluded that the transfer learning- and convolutional neural network-based road damage intelligent detection methods proposed in this paper are feasible, and this research is helpful to realize high-precision real-time intelligent detection of road damage.
Monitoring the stability of the xanthophyll fucoxanthin in microalga and seaweed biomasses, and extracts stored at low temperatures

The analysis of fucoxanthin (FCX) in algal biomasses presents some limitations, especially regarding the sample preservation after collection until extraction of the pigment. FCX stability was evaluated in biomass samples of one diatom and three brown seaweed species (Phaeophyceae) and their extracts stored at -20ºC and -80ºC, for 60 days. Fucoxanthin was quantified through UHPLC-DAD. The methanolic extracts of the micro/macroalga biomasses stored at -20ºC and -80ºC were more effective in preserving the xanthophyll, comparatively to the algal biomasses. Besides, the chromatographic analysis showed an increase in the FCX’s peak retention time along the sample storage, possibly due to the trans→cis isomerization of the molecule. Such information is relevant for choosing the best protocol for storing and preserving at most FCX, because changes in the geometric conformations of the molecule over storage strongly affects its biological activities.
Employer branding: Confirmation of a measurement model and its implication for managing the workforce

Employer branding is becoming increasingly important for organizations to attract and retain top talent. While practitioners use a range of tactics to build and promote employer branding, it is still unclear as to what exactly constitutes effective employer branding. This gap in the literature formed the motivation of this study, which aims to develop, validate and apply a multi-dimensional measurement model of employer branding. First, a comprehensive measurement model of employer branding comprising eight constructs (brand value, development value, economic value, ethical and moral value, functional value, interest value, management value, and work-life balance) was developed through an extensive literature review. Next, using data collected through a structured survey, the validity of the proposed model, including the relevance/appropriateness of each construct and its unique contribution to employer branding, was assessed. The second-order confirmatory factor analysis results established the existence of a robust higher-order measurement model for employer branding, with each of the eight constructs contributing significantly and uniquely. The model was then applied to assess the hypothesized difference in employer branding across different demographic groups, namely gender and overall work experience. The results indicate a significant difference in the model across the various demographic groups. Overall, the study significantly contributes toward the theoretical advancement of employer branding. Future researchers could adopt the validated model and measurement items in different settings. For practitioners, the results indicate that employer branding requires an all-encompassing effort rather than being oriented towards few attributes. Also, the study findings highlight the need to customize employer brand strategies across different demographic groups.
Effects of rigid high gas-permeable contact lens wear on progression in patient with keratoconus

Wearing Rigid High Gas-Permeable Contact Lens (RGPCL) is a primary method of vision rehabilitation in keratoconus eyes. The aim of the study is to investigate the effects of using RGPCL on the topographical variations at the keratoconus progress. All patients had undergone ophthalmic examination including corneal topography, and their medical history and keratoconus characteristics were documented. Fifty-one eyes of those who wore RGPCL without any problems and 42 eyes of those who did not wear any lenses were evaluated retrospectively. It was accepted that the follow-up period was terminated when patients received any treatment or change lenses. The mean follow-ups were 36.5±12.7 and 38.4±14.6 months in the control and lens-wearing samples, respectively. The changes in topographic indices were compared from the baseline to the final visit. The difference between spectacle-best corrected visual acuity was not significant in both groups from baseline to final visit (p>0.05). In the RGPCL wearing group, apical keratometric power ( Kmax ) increased from mean 51.86±3.70 diopter (D) to 52.54±3.85 D at the sagittal map in the following period, but this difference was not significant (p>0.05). Similarly, in the control group, Kmax increased from mean 52.14±2.51 D to 52.94±3.02 D, and this difference was not significant (p>0.05). Lens-wearing and control group mean keratometry values increased from 47.36±1.7 D and 47.17±1.65 D to 47.94±2.05 D and 47.74±1.76 D, respectively (p>0.05). Pachymetry at the thinnest corneal point decreased significantly in both groups from baseline to final visit (p=0.008, p=0.01). In conclusion, the comfortable usage of RGPCL has no effect on the progression of keratoconus.
A Privacy-Preserving Transparent Central Bank Digital Currency System Based on Consortium Blockchain and Unspent Transaction Outputs

There is rising global demand for the deployment of a central bank digital currency (CBDC) system to achieve financial stability. However, striking a balance between privacy, transparency, and auditability in such a system is technically difficult. We propose a CBDC system based on a consortium blockchain that adopts a privacy-preserving, transparent unspent transaction output (UTXO) model. The proposed system satisfies the travel rule of payment, unlike existing cryptocurrencies. Unlike the conventional UTXO approach, users use wallet-linked addresses for transactions rather than their actual wallet addresses. Each transacting address is generated using two keys: a random private key computed by the sender and the recipient's public key. The final private key is known only to the recipient, and it is required to spend the UTXO received using the address. Thus, each user holds only a single authorized public key and address, which eases regulatory compliance in the network without compromising anonymity and privacy. To manage the blockchain, the central bank and several certificate authorities execute the energy-efficient Clique consensus algorithm. Only the central bank supplies money to the network. A prototype of the system was implemented using Python-Flask, and it outperformed the state-of-the-art systems by providing a smaller transaction size (665 B) and lower verification time (9 ms).
The Storage Protection of Block Device in Android

Data protection technology based on operation redirection has not been implemented in Android operating system. To achieve the goal of operation redirection, the research of Android storage subsystem needs to be done. By modifying the block device driver and rebuilding the kernel, all block device I/O requests are monitored and redirected. The experiment results demonstrate that the redirection-based storage protection is feasible in Android system. The potential improvement is discussed at the end of the paper.
Bilateral comparison report (APMP.L-K11.1) carried out between KRISS and VMI in November 2007

The laser from the Vietnam metrological institute (VMI) was brought to the Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS) in November 2007 in the framework of the APMP.L-K11.1 bilateral key comparison. The absolute frequency of the f component of the R(127) 11-5 transition was measured for this laser and KRISS's laser following the protocol for key comparison BIPM.L-K11. The results of these measurements are compiled in the present report. Main text. To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm. org/. The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCL, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (MRA).
Why Stars Become Red Giants

It is shown that a radiative envelope in which the Kramers opacity law holds cannot transport a luminosity larger than a critical value, and it is argued that the transition to red giant structure is triggered by the star's luminosity exceeding the critical value. If the Kramers law is used for all temperatures and densities, the radius of the star diverges as the critical luminosity is approached. In real stars the radiative envelope expands as the luminosity increases until the star intersects the Hayashi track. Once on the Hayashi track, luminosities in excess of the critical luminosity can be accommodated by forcing most of the mass of the envelope into the convection zone. 17 references.
COUNTERCELL MERIDIONAL FLOW AND LATITUDINAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE SOLAR POLAR MAGNETIC FIELD

Recent observations indicate that the latitudinal profile of the magnetic flux shows a pronounced decrease close to the solar north pole during the minimum phase of solar cycle 23. Using a surface flux transport model, we have performed numerical experiments to study the conditions that could lead to such a latitudinal distribution. We find that a strong decrease of the magnetic field near the poles results if a weak countercell of the meridional flow at high latitudes with an equatorward speed of a few m s−1 is present.
Rational Polynomial Image Magnification Constrained by Feature

: The quality of the image edge plays a crucial role in the visual effect of the image, and the existing image magnification methods keep the edge of the image insignificant. To this end, an image magnification method is proposed to construct a rational polynomial surface to fit the image. First, for each pixel, taking the edge of the image as the constraint, a local fitting quadratic polynomial surface patch which can better preserve the edge features of the image is constructed. Then, according to the approximation accuracy of each surface patch to adjacent images, a rational weight function is constructed. On each square grid, the weighted combination of four quadratic polynomial surfaces generates a rational polynomial surface patch, and all rational polynomial surface patches are combined to form an overall surface. The error of the overall surface at the edge of the image is relatively large, so the error surface is constructed. The overall surface is