Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The new model method of the electrostatic screening describing: three-component system of the 'closed' type

Within the problem of the finding of the mean potential energy of the charged particle in the plasma in this work a classification of physical systems (electrolytes, dusty plasmas, plasmas) is made based on consideration, or lack thereof, of a few special additional conditions. The system considered here, as well as other systems which are described with those additional conditions imposed are treated as the systems of the "closed" type, while the systems where those conditions are fully neglected - as being of the "open" type. In the our previous investigation one- and two component systems were examined. Here, as the object of investigation fully ionized electron-ion plasma with positive charged ions of two different kinds, including the plasmas of higher non-ideality, is chosen for the first time. For such plasma a new self-consistent model method of describing electrostatic screening is developed which includes all the necessary additional conditions. By this method such extremely significant phenomena as electron-ion and ion-ion correlations are included in the used model. The characteristics of the considered plasmas in a wide region of electron densities and temperatures are calculated. All the obtained results, including a comparison with systems of the "open" type are specifically discussed.
The relationship between motor performance and executive functioning in early childhood: A systematic review on motor demands embedded within executive function tasks

Abstract This systematic review examined to what extent response demands of executive functioning (EF) tasks influence the relationship between motor performance and EF in 2- to 6-year-old typically developing (TD) children and children with motor coordination difficulties (MCD). Eighteen of the included articles focused on TD children only and three also on children with MCD. EF tasks were subdivided based on the type of responses (i.e., motor or verbal). EF tasks requiring a motor response were subdivided into two levels (i.e., complex or simple). Results showed that the relationship between motor performance and EF in 2- to 6-year-old TD children and children with MCD was inconclusive with the strength of correlation coefficients for the most part varying from very weak to moderate. The type of EF task response did not influence the relationship between motor performance and EF. The review thus implies that other task demands than the type of EF task response need to be investigated to explain the inconsistent relationship between motor performance and EF, such as the complexity of the motor response of EF tasks, the complexity of the actual motor tasks, and additional processes (e.g., memory, intelligence, language comprehension).
The role of the family in health promotion: a scoping review of models and mechanisms

Summary The family is an important contributor to the cultural conditions that support health. Current challenges in family health promotion interventions include programme design that is not always guided by theory and change mechanisms. Multifaceted programmes also make it hard to examine what works for whom, given different family roles and the range of lifestyle behaviour and mechanisms examined within diverse conceptual frameworks and cultures. We performed a scoping review on the heterogeneous literature to map and categorize the models and mechanisms by which a family may promote health behaviours among its members. We searched five electronic databases and grey literature up to 2020. Publications were included if they examined health-promoting behaviours, influences at the family level, and outlined the behavioural mechanisms involved. Two hundred and forty studies were identified. Ecological systems theory, social cognitive theory, family systems theory and the theory of planned behaviour were the frameworks most widely used in explaining either study context and/or mechanism. The most frequently studied family mechanisms involved aspects of family support, supervision and modelling, while some studies also included individual-level mechanisms. Majority of the studies investigated parental influence on the child, while few studies assessed the elderly family member as a recipient or actor of the influences. Studies on African, Asian and Middle Eastern populations were also in the minority, highlighting room for further research. Improving the understanding of context and behavioural mechanisms for family health promotion will aid the development of public health policy and chronic disease prevention programmes, complementing efforts targeted at individuals.
Identifying Variability in Deeply Embedded Protostars with ALMA and CARMA

Variability of pre-main-sequence stars observed at optical wavelengths has been attributed to fluctuations in the mass accretion rate from the circumstellar disk onto the forming star. Detailed models of accretion disks suggest that young deeply embedded protostars should also exhibit variations in their accretion rates, and that these changes can be tracked indirectly by monitoring the response of the dust envelope at mid-IR to millimeter wavelengths. Interferometers such as the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) offer the resolution and sensitivity to observe small fluctuations in brightness at the scale of the disk where episodic accretion may be driven. In this work, we present novel methods for comparing interferometric observations and apply them to Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-wave Astronomy (CARMA) and ALMA 1.3 mm observations of deeply embedded protostars in Serpens taken 9 yr apart. We find no brightness variation above the limits of our analysis of a factor of ≳50%, due to the limited sensitivity of the CARMA observations and small number of sources common to both epochs. We further show that follow-up ALMA observations with a similar sample size and sensitivity may be able to uncover variability at the level of a few percent, and discuss implications for future work.
Analysis of the Type IA Supernova SN 1994D

On Mar. 7, 1994, Treffers, Filippenko and Van Dyk (1994) discovered the Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) 1994D in the SO galaxy NGC 4526, a member of the Virgo cluster which was was about 12 days before maximum light. Subsequently, both the light curve in Johnson’s UBVRI colors and spectra a have been monitored by several groups (e.g. Filippenko et al. private communication, Smith et al., 1995) making this supernovae one of the best observed until now. In addition, starting at Mar 12, IR-spectra are reported to be taken at the Royal Greenwich Observatory showing a P-Cygni line at about 1.0 µm which, likely, is due to He I (Meikle 1995).
Comparison of resident COVID-19 mortality between unionized and nonunionized private nursing homes

Using bargaining agreement data from the Federal Mediation Conciliation Services, we found that the median national resident COVID-19 mortality percentage (as of April 24, 2022) of unionized nursing homes and that of nonunionized ones were not statically different (10.2% vs. 10.7%; P = 0.32). The median nursing home resident COVID-19 mortality percentage varied from 0% in Hawaii to above 16% in Rhode Island (16.6%). Unionized nursing homes had a statistically significant lower median mortality percentage than nonunionized nursing homes (P < 0.1) in Missouri, and had a higher median mortality percentage than nonunionized nursing homes (P < 0.05) in Alabama and Tennessee. Higher average resident age, lower percentage of Medicare residents, small size, for-profit ownership, and chain organization affiliation were associated with higher resident COVID-19 mortality percentage. Overall, no evidence was found that nursing home resident COVID-19 mortality percentage differed between unionized nursing homes and nonunionized nursing homes in the U.S.
Spectral methods cluster words of the same class in a syntactic dependency network

We analyze here a particular kind of linguistic network where vertices represent words and edges stand for syntactic relationships between words. The statistical properties of these networks have been recently studied and various features such as the small-world phenomenon and a scale-free distribution of degrees have been found. Our work focuses on four classes of words: verbs, nouns, adverbs and adjectives. Here, we use spectral methods sorting vertices. We show that the ordering clusters words of the same class. For nouns and verbs, the cluster size distribution clearly follows a power-law distribution that cannot be explained by a null hypothesis. Long-range correlations are found between vertices in the ordering provided by the spectral method. The ﬁndings support the use of spectral methods for detecting community structure.
Microbiological composition of follicular fluid in patients undergoing IVF and its association with infertility

In recent years, the incidence of female infertility has risen sharply, which is affected by many factors. It was recognized that female reproductive tract microbes play a role in the process of female conception. If the reproductive tract microbes could solve a certain proportion of infertility, it would certainly reduce the pain and economic burden of many patients. The objective of this study was to investigate the microbial community composition of follicular fluid in infertile patients and its potential impact on infertility.
The Magnetized Disk-Halo Transition Region of M51

Abstract An excellent laboratory for studying large scale magnetic fields is the grand design face-on spiral galaxy M51. Due to wavelength-dependent Faraday depolarization, linearly polarized synchrotron emission at different radio frequencies gives a picture of the galaxy at different depths: Observations at L-band (1 – 2 GHz) probe the halo region while at C- and X-band (4 – 8 GHz) the linearly polarized emission probe the disk region of M51. We present new observations of M51 using the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) at S-band (2 – 4 GHz), where previously no polarization observations existed, to shed new light on the transition region between the disk and the halo. We discuss a model of the depolarization of synchrotron radiation in a multilayer magneto-ionic medium and compare the model predictions to the multi-frequency polarization data of M51 between 1 – 8 GHz. The new S-band data are essential to distinguish between different models. Our study shows that the initial model parameters, i.e. the total regular and turbulent magnetic field strengths in the disk and halo of M51, need to be adjusted to successfully fit the models to the data.
Development and formulation of antidiabetic property of Anarcadium occidantale-based solid lipid microparticles

Abstract Anacardium occidentale (AO) possesses potent anti-diabetic properties, owing to its high phytochemicals content. This study attempted to maximise the efficacy of AO by encapsulating it in a solid lipid microparticle (SLMs) formulation. Leaves of AO were extracted with water and formulated into SLMs using a lipid matrix composed of P90H and Dika fat. Characterisation of the SLMs include morphology, particle size, pH, encapsulation efficiency percentage, in vitro release and anti-diabetic properties. SLMs were spherical with sizes ranging from 16.7 ± 0.8 µm to 40.12 ± 2.34 µm and had a fairly stable pH over time. Highest drug entrapment was 87%. Batch A2 exhibited an even release of 89%, sustained over time, and a mean percentage reduction in glucose of 25.9% at 12 h after oral administration to study animals. Anacardium occidentale-loaded SLMs exhibited a good hypoglycaemic effect and can be used in the management of diabetes.
Quantifying long‐term phenological patterns of aerial insectivores roosting in the Great Lakes region using weather surveillance radar

Organisms have been shifting their timing of life history events (phenology) in response to changes in the emergence of resources induced by climate change. Yet understanding these patterns at large scales and across long time series is often challenging. Here we used the US weather surveillance radar network to collect data on the timing of communal swallow and martin roosts and evaluate the scale of phenological shifts and its potential association with temperature. The discrete morning departures of these aggregated aerial insectivores from ground‐based roosting locations are detected by radars around sunrise. For the first time, we applied a machine learning algorithm to automatically detect and track these large‐scale behaviors. We used 21 years of data from 12 weather surveillance radar stations in the Great Lakes region to quantify the phenology in roosting behavior of aerial insectivores at three spatial levels: local roost cluster, radar station, and across the Great Lakes region. We show that their peak roosting activity timing has advanced by 2.26 days per decade at the regional scale. Similar signals of advancement were found at the station scale, but not at the local roost cluster scale. Air temperature trends in the Great Lakes region during the active roosting period were predictive of later stages of roosting phenology trends (75% and 90% passage dates). Our study represents one of the longest‐term broad‐scale phenology examinations of avian aerial insectivore species responding to environmental change and provides a stepping stone for examining potential phenological mismatches across trophic levels at broad spatial scales.
Compressible convection in a rotating spherical shell. V. Induced differential rotation and meridional circulation

We describe solutions for the mean differential rotation and meridional circulation in a compressible, rotating, spherical fluid shell which are induced by the linear, anelastic solutions of Papers II and IV for global convection. Our mean solutions strongly depend on the density stratification, the rotation state, the convective velocity distribution, and the amount of viscous diffusion relative to thermal diffusion. In order to obtain an equatorial acceleration which is large in amplitude relative to the meridional circulation, together with a small equator-pole temperature difference, when the density stratification is large as in the solar convection zone, at least one of two conditions must be met: either the effect of rotation must be large compared to the effects of viscous diffusion and buoyancy, or viscous diffusion must be small relative to thermal diffusion. In either case, the angular velocity increases with depth in the upper part of the convection zone by decreases with depth and is nearly constant on cylinders in the lower part when the global convection extends to deep layers. Global convection, differential rotation, and meridional circulation in the deep layers are similar to those found for the incompressible case, while near the top they are quite different.
Snake orbits and related magnetic edge states

We study the electron motion near magnetic field steps at which the strength and/or sign of the magnetic field changes. The energy spectrum for such systems is found and the electron states (bound and scattered) are compared with their corresponding classical paths. Several classical properties such as the velocity parallel to the edge, the oscillation frequency perpendicular to the edge and the extent of the states are compared with their quantum mechanical counterparts. A class of magnetic edge states is found which do not have classical counterparts.
A Keck/DEIMOS Spectroscopy of Lyα Blobs at Redshift z = 3.1

We present the results of intermediate-resolution (~2 Å) spectroscopy of a sample of 37 candidate Lyα blobs and emitters at redshift z = 3.1 using the DEIMOS spectrograph on the 10 m Keck telescope. The emission lines are detected for all 37 objects and show variety in their line profiles. The Lyα velocity widths (FWHM) of the 28 objects with higher quality spectra, measured by fitting a single Gaussian profile, are in the range of 150-1700 km s-1 and correlate with the Lyα spatial extents. All 12 Lyα blobs (≥16 arcsec2) have large velocity widths of ≳500 km s-1. While there are several possible physical interpretations of the Lyα velocity widths (the motion of gravitationally bound gas clouds, inflows, the merging of clumps, or outflows from superwinds), the large velocity widths of the Lyα blobs suggest that they are the sites of massive galaxy formation. If we assume gravitationally bound gas clouds, the dynamical masses of the Lyα blobs are estimated to be ~1012-1013 M☉. Even for the case of outflows, the outflow velocities are likely to be comparable to the rotation velocities as inferred from the observational evidence for local starburst galaxies.
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related lncRNAs associated with prognosis and immune cell infiltration in lung adenocarcinoma.

BACKGROUND Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains the most common type of lung cancer and is associated with distant metastasis and poor prognosis. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays crucial roles in carcinogenesis, embryogenesis, and wound healing. EMT-related molecules may be adopted for early diagnosis and prognosis of cancer and targeting them may constitute an attractive strategy for treatment. This study aims to identify the EMT-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and develop a risk signature to accurately predict the prognosis of LUAD patients. METHODS The RNA-seq data and corresponding clinical profiles were obtained from LUAD cohort of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. EMT-related lncRNAs significantly associated with prognosis were identified by Pearson correlation analysis and univariate regression analysis. Subsequently, an EMT-related prognostic risk signature was developed through LASSO and multivariate regression analyses. Kaplan Meier and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis were implemented to assess the predictive performance of the signature. The nomogram was constructed to predict the 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year overall survival of LUAD patients. Additionally, enrichment analyses were carried out to identify probable biologic processes and cellular pathways involved in the signature. The correlation of immune cell infiltration and risk score was also evaluated by CIBERSORT algorithm. Finally, we constructed a ceRNA network to further study possible downstream targets and molecular mechanisms of EMT-related lncRNAs in LUAD. RESULTS Eight EMT-related lncRNAs were identified to develop a prognostic risk signature in LUAD. Patients with high-risk scores had worse survival outcomes than those with low-risk scores. The signature showed robust predictive potential, and was verified to be an independent prognostic factor. Moreover, the risk score based on the signature was significantly correlated with immune cell infiltration in LUAD. CONCLUSIONS We established and validated a prognostic signature that reflects the tumor microenvironment characteristics and predicts the outcomes for LUAD.
Coherent oscillations between two weakly coupled Bose-Einstein condensates: Josephson effects, π oscillations, and macroscopic quantum self-trapping

We discuss the coherent atomic oscillations between two weakly coupled Bose-Einstein condensates. The weak link is provided by a laser barrier in a (possibly asymmetric) double-well trap or by Raman coupling between two condensates in different hyperfine levels. The boson Josephson junction (BJJ) dynamics is described by the two-mode nonlinear Gross-Pitaevskii equation that is solved analytically in terms of elliptic functions. The BJJ, being a neutral, isolated system, allows the investigations of dynamical regimes for the phase difference across the junction and for the population imbalance that are not accessible with superconductor Josephson junctions (SJJ's). These include oscillations with either or both of the following properties: (i) the time-averaged value of the phase is equal to $\ensuremath{\pi} (\ensuremath{\pi}$-phase oscillations); (ii) the average population imbalance is nonzero, in states with macroscopic quantum self-trapping. The (nonsinusoidal) generalization of the SJJ ac and plasma oscillations and the Shapiro resonance can also be observed. We predict the collapse of experimental data (corresponding to different trap geometries and the total number of condensate atoms) onto a single universal curve for the inverse period of oscillations. Analogies with Josephson oscillations between two weakly coupled reservoirs of ${}^{3}\mathrm{He}\ensuremath{-}B$ and the internal Josephson effect in ${}^{3}\mathrm{He}\ensuremath{-}A$ are also discussed.
Effect of Atogepant for Preventive Migraine Treatment on Patient-Reported Outcomes in the Randomized, Double-blind, Phase 3 ADVANCE Trial

Background and Objectives The oral calcitonin gene–related peptide receptor antagonist atogepant is indicated for the preventive treatment of episodic migraine. We evaluated changes in patient-reported outcomes with atogepant in adults with migraine. Methods In this phase 3, 12-week, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial (ADVANCE), adults with 4–14 migraine days per month received atogepant (10, 30, or 60 mg) once daily or placebo. Secondary endpoints included changes from baseline in Migraine-Specific Quality-of-Life Questionnaire (MSQ) version 2.1 Role Function–Restrictive (RFR) domain at week 12 and mean monthly Activity Impairment in Migraine–Diary (AIM-D) Performance of Daily Activities (PDA) and Physical Impairment (PI) domains across the 12-week treatment period. Exploratory endpoints included change in MSQ Role Function–Preventive (RFP) and Emotional Function (EF) domains; AIM-D total scores; and change in Headache Impact Test (HIT)–6 scores. Results Of 910 participants randomized, 873 comprised the modified intent-to-treat population (atogepant: 10 mg [n = 214]; 30 mg [n = 223]; and 60 mg [n = 222]; placebo [n = 214]). All atogepant groups demonstrated significantly greater improvements vs placebo in MSQ RFR that exceeded minimum clinically meaningful between-group difference (3.2 points) at week 12 (least-square mean difference [LSMD] vs placebo: 10 mg [9.9]; 30 mg [10.1]; 60 mg [10.8]; all p < 0.0001). LSMDs in monthly AIM-D PDA and PI scores across the 12-week treatment period improved significantly for the atogepant 30 (PDA: −2.54; p = 0.0003; PI: −1.99; and p = 0.0011) and 60 mg groups (PDA: −3.32; p < 0.0001; PI: −2.46; p < 0.0001), but not for the 10 mg group (PDA: −1.19; p = 0.086; PI: −1.08; p = 0.074). In exploratory analyses, atogepant 30 and 60 mg were associated with nominal improvements in MSQ RFP and EF domains, other AIM-D outcomes, and HIT-6 scores at the earliest time point (week 4) and throughout the 12-week treatment period. Results varied for atogepant 10 mg. Discussion Atogepant 30 and 60 mg produced significant improvements in key patient-reported outcomes including MSQ-RFR scores and both AIM-D domains. Nominal improvements also occurred for other MSQ domains and HIT-6, reinforcing the beneficial effects of atogepant as a new treatment for migraine prevention. Trial Registration Information ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03777059. Submitted: December 13, 2018; First patient enrolled: December 14, 2018. clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03777059. Classification of Evidence This study provides Class II evidence that daily atogepant is associated with improvements in health-related quality-of-life measures in patients with 4–14 migraine days per month.