Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Review Article: The Combination of Physical Activity and Healthy Diet in Adolescents to Prevent Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disorder marked by hyperglycemia and caused by insulin deficiency or insulin resistance. Teenagers can be affected by diabetes mellitus as well as adults and the elderly. Disease prevention efforts are one method of reducing the risk factor. A combination of physical activity and healthy diet can help control risk factors, especially in teenagers. Purpose: for the investigation and identification of various research findings relating to the influence of physical activity and healthy diet on the prevention of diabetes mellitus in adolescents Method: a method study which we use in the form of analytical content to build a review article by identifying, reviewing, and evaluating all related research with an influence on the combination of physical activity and healthy diet in adolescents. The source of data in review articles is Google scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct with the key words "Diabetes mellitus", "Physical activity", and "healthy diet. We found 5.000 related articles using search engines as our article data source. Out of 100 articles, only 10 articles were eligible for literature review. People who don't do physical activity have a higher risk of having diabetes mellitus by 3,198 times, compared to people who do physical activity heavily every day. People who consume food processed from flour like a biscuit have a 1.198 times greater risk of having diabetes mellitus compared with people who never consume food processed from flour. Activity physically is greatly influenced by its intensity, so it will have an effect on the rate of glucose in the blood. Based on the literature review, we do show that in the age group of adolescents, prevention of diabetes mellitus can be conducted with combining physical activity with dietary pattern. This thing is related to insulin secretion, so glucose homeostasis can be more awake. Nonetheless, more research is needed to account for other diabetes risk factors, such as overweight and obesity, genetics, and a healthy lifestyle pattern.
Pulsar Scintillation Arcs reveal filaments in the Interstellar Plasma

Both forward and reverse Scintillation Arcs are seen in observations of several pulsars. We study the arcs, which are seen in the 2‐D Fourier transform of the dynamic spectrum, from PSRs B0834+06 and B1737+13. In both cases we conclude that the underlying scattered image is highly extended along an axis and also highly modulated along that axis. The corresponding spatial structure in the ionized interstellar medium must be bundles of spaghetti‐like filaments—highly anisotropic turbulence (on scales of 1000–10000 km) which is also very intermittent on scales of an AU. We speculate on their possible origin as remnant turbulence from long past supernovae.
Charge-injection induced magnetism and half metallicity in single-layer hexagonal group III/V (BN, BP, AlN, AlP) systems

Based on the first-principles calculations, we predict that strong ferromagnetism and half metallicity can be induced via charge injection in single-layer hexagonal boron nitride (BN) and BN nanoribbons. This phenomenon can be understood based on the Stoner criterion and the relationship between induced magnetic moment and charge density. Other group-III/V two-dimensional honeycomb systems such as boron phosphide (BP), aluminum nitride (AlN), and aluminum phosphide (AIP) exhibit similar ferromagnetic behavior upon charge injection. Like BN, the single-layer hexagonal AlN can be converted to a half metal at certain positive charge states.
Ambient Environmental Ozone and Variation of Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNO) in Hairdressers and Healthcare Workers

Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is a breath-related biomarker of eosinophilic asthma. The aim of this study was to investigate FeNO variations due to environmental or occupational exposures in respiratory healthy subjects. Overall, 14 hairdressers and 15 healthcare workers in Oslo were followed for 5 workdays. We registered the levels of FeNO after commuting and arriving at the workspace and after ≥3 h of work, in addition to symptoms of cold, commuting method, and hair treatments that were performed. Both short- and intermediate-term effects after exposure were evaluated. Environmental assessment of daily average levels of air quality particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5), particulate matter 10 (PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulphur dioxide (SO2), and ozone (O3) indicated a covariation in ozone and FeNO in which a 35–50% decrease in ozone was followed by a near 20% decrease in FeNO with a 24-h latency. Pedestrians had significantly increased FeNO readings. Symptoms of cold were associated with a significant increase in FeNO readings. We did not find any FeNO increase of statistical significance after occupational chemical exposure to hair treatments. The findings may be of clinical, environmental and occupational importance.
The Molecular and Cellular Basis of Hutchinson–Gilford Progeria Syndrome and Potential Treatments

Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a rare, autosomal-dominant, and fatal premature aging syndrome. HGPS is most often derived from a de novo point mutation in the LMNA gene, which results in an alternative splicing defect and the generation of the mutant protein, progerin. Progerin behaves in a dominant-negative fashion, leading to a variety of cellular and molecular changes, including nuclear abnormalities, defective DNA damage response (DDR) and DNA repair, and accelerated telomere attrition. Intriguingly, many of the manifestations of the HGPS cells are shared with normal aging cells. However, at a clinical level, HGPS does not fully match normal aging because of the accelerated nature of the phenotypes and its primary effects on connective tissues. Furthermore, the epigenetic changes in HGPS patients are of great interest and may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of HGPS. Finally, various treatments for the HGPS patients have been developed in recent years with important effects at a cellular level, which translate to symptomatic improvement and increased lifespan.
JHK Standard Stars on the CIT Photometric System

We present a set of 58 stars with JHK standard values on the CIT system and with a suitable magnitude range for use with array detectors on small- to moderate-size telescopes. Each final value is based on six to 47 measures (with a mean of 17) obtained on separate nights with the US Naval Observatory (USNO) NICMOS3 (HgCdTe) camera. The objects include 20 primary CIT standards from Elias et al. and 38 secondary sources selected from the SAAO and UKIRT standards lists, cover a K-magnitude range between 6.0 and 10.8, and lie north of declination -20°. The stars were reduced to the CIT system as defined by Elias et al., producing a USNO system that is identical to the near-infrared CIT system. This work densifies the original CIT system by nearly a factor of 3 and extends its range by about 3 mag. The SAAO and UKIRT standards are also compared with the CIT system.
Alternative guide stars for adaptive optics

In addition to natural and laser guide stars for adaptive optics, it is proposed to use radio-created guide stars or fringes. Heating by intense radio beams either modulators sodium lamp illumination, or creates and modifies plasma in different altitudes. The plasma relaxes by artificial air glow, which is concentrated in few lines, mainly nitrogen and oxygen. Fringes between intense radio beams create plasma fringes, also visible from the telescope. Ionospheric heating was also shown to create patchy artificial aurora. In all cases, the multiplicity of sources or fringes allows multi-conjugate adaptive optics of wide fields of view, and shows promise for long baseline optical interferometry.
Secondary trauma response in emergency services systems (STRESS) project: quantifying and predicting vicarious trauma in emergency medical services personnel

Introduction: There is a lack of literature exploring vicarious trauma (VT) in emergency medical services (EMS) personnel. VT is emotional countertransference that occurs between the clinician and patient. The presence of trauma- or stressor-related disorders could be a factor in the rising suicide rate in these clinicians. Methods: This was a cross-sectional statewide study of American EMS personnel, using one-stage area sampling. Nine EMS agencies were selected to participate based on geographic area, who then provided data about annual call volume and mix. The Impact of Event Scale-Revised was used to quantify VT. Univariate analyses used chi-square and ANOVA to evaluate the relationship between VT and various psychosocial and demographic characteristics. Factors significant in the univariate analyses were included in a logistic regression to determine predictors of VT while controlling for potential confounders. Results: A total of 691 respondents participated in the study, of which 44.4% were female and 12.3% were minorities. Overall, 40.9% had VT. Of those, 52.5% scored high enough to potentially illicit immune system modulation. Compared to those without VT, more than four times as many EMS professionals with VT self-reported as currently in counselling (9.2% v. 2.2%; p < 0.01). Approximately one in four EMS professionals (24.0%) had considered suicide, while nearly half (45.0%) knew an EMS provider who had died by suicide. There were multiple predictors of VT, including female sex (odds ratio [OR] 1.55; p = 0.02) and childhood exposure to emotional neglect (OR 2.28; p < 0.01) or domestic violence (OR 1.91; p = 0.05). Those with other stress syndromes, such as burnout or compassion fatigue, were 2.1 and 4.3 times more likely to have VT, respectively. Conclusions: Among study participants, 41% suffered from VT, and 24% had considered suicide. As a largely understudied phenomenon in EMS professionals, additional research on VT should focus on causality and the mitigation of sentinel events experienced in the workplace.
Coherent and diffuse X‐ray scattering in crystals modulated by a surface acoustic wave

Equations describing the coherent and diffuse scattering in a crystal modulated by a surface acoustic wave (SAW) are derived using the dynamical X-ray diffraction theory. The effect of depth attenuation of the Rayleigh surface wave amplitude on the crystal rocking curve profiles is investigated. Results of the numerical simulation of the dynamical diffraction in a mosaic crystal modulated by a SAW, taking into account a block size distribution, are presented. It is shown that the diffuse scattering is distributed in the reciprocal space not only in the vicinity of the main diffraction peak but also about the satellite diffraction peaks, and this distribution depends on the size fluctuations of the crystal defects. Theoretical reciprocal space maps and rocking curves are compared with the corresponding experimental results.
Character sums over shifted smooth numbers

We give nontrivial bounds in various ranges for character sums of the form Σ x(n + a), gcd(a,p) = 1, neS(x,y) where Χ is a nontrivial multiplicative character modulo a prime p and S(x,y) is the set of positive integers n < x that are divisible only by primes q < y.
Growth and magnetic properties of bulk electron doped La0.7Ce0.3MnO3 manganites

We report on the growth of bulk samples (composite fibers) of the nominal composition La0.7Ce0. 3MnO3 (LCMO) manganites (with Curie temperature TC,max = 300 K) by using the laser heated pedestal growth (LHPG) technique. Samples composition was verified through scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X‐ray (EDX) analysis. The magnetic behavior of the fibers was probed by magnetization measurements. In addition to a weak ferromagnetic transition at TC0 = 45 K (due to MnO2 impurities), two more transitions with TC1 = 126 K and TC2 = 180 K were identified and linked to regions with cerium concentration of x = 0.063 and 0.13, respectively.
Thirty-Days versus Longer Duration of Dual Antiplatelet Treatment after Percutaneous Coronary Interventions with Newer Drug-Eluting Stents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abbreviation of the duration of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) (one or three months) has been recently proposed, especially for high bleeding risk patients, after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug-eluting stent (DES). Three databases were screened for eligible randomized control trials. The primary endpoint was the incidence of net adverse clinical events (NACE). Secondary endpoints consisted of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke, stent-thrombosis, repeat revascularization and major bleeding. We included four RCTs with a total of 26,576 patients; 13,282 patients were grouped in 30-days DAPT, while the remaining 13,294 were allocated in a longer period of DAPT. One month of DAPT did not significantly reduce NACE (odds ratio [OR]: 0.87, 95% confidence intervals [Cl]: 0.74–1.03); however, major bleedings were significantly reduced by 22% (OR: 0.78, 95% Cl: 0.65–0.94). Mortality or ischemic events (stroke, myocardial infarction, revascularization and stent thrombosis) were not affected. Thus, 30-days DAPT could be considered as safe and feasible after PCI with DES in selected patients, especially those with high bleeding risk. Forthcoming RCTs could shed light on the optimal duration of DAPT.
Two-stage regression quantiles and two-stage trimmed least squares estimators for structural equation models

We propose a two-stage trimmed least squares estimator for the parameters of structural equation model and provide the corresponding asymptotic distribution theory. The estimator is based on two-stage regression quan-tiles, which generalize the standard linear model regression quantiles introduced by Koenker and Bassett (1978) . The asymptotic theory is developed by means of "Barhadur" representations for the two-stage regression quantiles and the two-stage trimmed least squares estimator. The representations approximate these estimators as sums of independent random variables plus an additive term involving the first stage estimator. Asymptotic normal distributions are derived from these representations, and a simulation comparing some two-stage estimators is presented.
Why solid armatures fail and how they can be improved

Failure of electromagnetic launch (EML) solid armatures can be caused by various mechanisms, but a critical performance limit is due to arcing at the rail/armature contact surface above the transition velocity. A previous theoretical transition model based on velocity skin effect and current wave (VSE/CW) phenomena is reviewed and further data of the changing current distribution at the contact surface is derived as the vaporization current wave moves forward until the arcing transition occurs. This VSE/CW model predicts experimental transition velocities with reasonable accuracy over a wide range of parameters (bore size from 15 to 90 mm). To achieve the required contact pressure distribution with the optimum contact region geometry, monolithic armatures are considered to be necessary, which is consistent with the highest transition velocities being achieved with such aluminum alloy armatures. Possible improvements in the performance of solid armatures are evaluated for monolithic armatures with copper rails by optimizing armature geometry, dimensions, contact pressure distribution, and the use of resistive contact region materials. An increase of >40% in transition velocity to >2.5 km/s is predicted above reported experimental results.
Pharmaceutical waste disposal practices: a case study of an Australian public hospital pharmacy department

In Queensland, each hospital and health service (local hospital network) has its own waste reduction and recycling plan to comply with the Queensland Government's Waste Reduction and Recycling Act 2011 (Qld). The aim is to reduce both the hospital's carbon footprint and waste handling costs. Hospital environmental waste services staff do not audit pharmaceutical waste bins as this requires the presence of a registered pharmacist.
ASSIST, Atmospheric Sounder Spectrometer for Infrared Spectral Technology: latest development and improvement in the atmospheric sounding technology

In July 2006, the Department of Energy (DOE) National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) initiated a new project in their remote sensing test and evaluation program. Upwelling and downwelling radiance ground truth measurements have been advanced as a result of this project. Upwelling radiance measurements are used for the spectral characterization of calibration targets, and downwelling measurements are used to profile the temperature and moisture within the atmospheric column above these targets. These measurements will be used for the development and improvement of atmosphere compensations algorithms, as well as for the evaluation of the radiometric accuracy of other remote sensing systems. In order to meet stringent wavelength and radiometric calibration requirements, the selected technology is based on a Michelson interferometer spectrometer equipped with an internal calibration unit. The proposed configuration facilitates precise radiometric accuracy for target measurements, as well as concurrent temperature and moisture profiling of the atmosphere's Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) above the target. In this paper we describe the instrument approach and its configuration. We also present results demonstrating the instrument performance. Atmospheric sounding results are compared to measurements made with other sounding systems at the ARM site in Oklahoma.
Streaming motions of galaxy clusters within 12 000 km s−1 — I. New spectroscopic data

We present new spectroscopic data for 532 early-type galaxies, predominantly Abell cluster members with cz<12 000 km s−1. We tabulate 919 individual measurements, from six observing runs, for recession velocity, cz, central velocity dispersion, σ, and magnesium line-strength indices, Mg2 and Mgb. The median estimated error, per measurement, in σ is 5 per cent. The Mg2 line-strength data have median errors of 0.009 mag. The observed scatter between repeat measurements is largely accounted for by photon-counting errors. These data will be employed in forthcoming papers, where they will form part of a merged and standardized catalogue of Fundamental Plane data for use in cluster distance estimates and peculiar velocity analyses.
Sensitivity analysis for combinatorial optimization

A trench shoring frame comprising a pair of side wall structures for engaging the side walls of a ground trench when said shoring frame is in said trench, said side wall structures being supported in spaced-apart relationship so as to be capable of supporting the trench walls, and a plurality of vertically disposed plate means movably connected to at least one guide frame so as to be capable of being moved vertically relative to said side wall structures and into and out of the ground below the lowermost level of the side wall structures when the frame is in said trench.
Knocking down GALNT6 promotes pyroptosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells through NF-κB/NLRP3/GSDMD and GSDME signaling pathway

Background Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), the most prevalent type of pancreatic cancer, is a highly lethal malignancy with poor prognosis. Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase-6 (GALNT6) is frequently overexpressed in PDAC. However, the role of GALNT6 in the PDAC remains unclear. Methods The expression of GALNT6 in pancreatic cancer and normal tissues were analyzed by bioinformatic analyses and immunohistochemistry. CCK8 and colony formation were used to detect cell proliferation. Flow cytometry was applied to detect cell cycle.The pyroptosis was detected by scanning electron microscopy. The mRNA expression was detected by qRT-PCR. The protein expression and localization were detected by western blot and immunofluorescence assay. ELISA was used to detect the levels of inflammatory factors. Results The expression of GALNT6 was associated with advanced tumor stage, and had an area under curve (AUC) value of 0.919 in pancreatic cancer based on the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) dataset. Knockdown of GALNT6 inhibited cell proliferation, migration, invasion and cell cycle arrest of PDAC cells. Meanwhile, knockdown of GALNT6 increased the expression levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-18 (IL-18), the release of inflammasome and an increasing of Gasdermin D (GSDMD), N-terminal of GSDMD (GSDMD-N), Gasdermin E (GSDME) and N-terminal of GSDME (GSDME-N) in PDAC cells. GALNT6 suppressed the expression of NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) and GSDMD by glycosylation of NF-κB and inhibiting the nucleus localization of NF-κB. Additionally, GALNT6 promotes the degradation of GSDME by O-glycosylation. Conclusion We found that GALNT6 is highly expressed in pancreatic cancer and plays a carcinogenic role. The results suggested that GALNT6 regulates the pyroptosis of PDAC cells through NF-κB/NLRP3/GSDMD and GSDME signaling. Our study might provides novel insights into the roles of GALNT6 in PDAC progression.
Influence of strain on the magnetic properties of epitaxial (100) chromium dioxide (CrO2) films

Chromium dioxide (CrO2) films have been grown epitaxially on (100) TiO2 substrates using chemical vapor deposition and their magnetic properties were studied as a function of film thickness (500 A–1.2 μm). Because of the lattice mismatch with the substrate, the films are strained as evidenced by x-ray diffraction measurements. The amount of strain depends on the thickness and also on the substrate cleaning conditions used prior to growth. Independent of their thickness, the films exhibit a sharp ferromagnetic transition with a Curie temperature in the range of 390–395 K. In-plane magnetic anisotropy is observed for the films, with [001] and [010] being the easy axis and hard axis directions, respectively, for the thicker films. The anisotropy field decreases with decreasing thickness, with the easy and hard axes switching directions for the thinnest films. The results are explained in terms of the competition between magnetocrystalline and strain anisotropies that favor the [001] and [010] magnetization d.
Study of the low-voltage electric breaking arc restrike by means of an inverse method

This paper presents a method to study the dynamics of an arc from magnetic measurements. The mathematical model developed enables us to reconstitute the evolution of a low-voltage, self-blown arc assimilated to a succession of current elements. It also enables us to analyze restrike phenomena for which one might suppose there exists a current exchange between an arc located at the top of the electrodes and another one located in a zone where there remains some possibility of conduction.
Rectangular waveguide excitation of dielectric resonator antenna

In this communication, the waveguide-fed dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) is proposed and investigated. The waveguide is terminated by a baffle ground plane in which a coupling slot is cut, and the DRA resides above the coupling slot. To enhance the coupling, a second DR is placed on the other side of the slot inside the waveguide. The measured return loss, radiation patterns, and antenna gain of this novel configuration are discussed in this paper.