Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ASSESSMENT OF DICKKOPF-1 AS A BIOMARKER OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA IN EGYPTIANS.

Ola Atef Sharaki 1 , Ahmed El-Sayed Zeid 2 , Doreen Nazeih Younan 1 and Mai Medhat El Boasaty 3 . 1. Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University. 2. Hepatobiliary Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University. 3. Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Alexandria University Students’ Hospital. Manuscript Info Abstract . Manuscript History Received: 02 February 2019 Final Accepted: 04 March 2019 Published: April 2019
Development of polar organic integrative samplers for analysis of pharmaceuticals in aquatic systems.

Integrative passive sampling is a new approach developed for environmental monitoring. Nowadays, the evaluations of pollution level are obtained by important sampling campaigns using spot samplings that give a snapshot of the aquatic system contamination state. An alternative way is to achieve a time weighted average concentration using passive samplers. The use of polar organic chemical integrative sampling (POCIS) has been recently documented for the detection of pharmaceuticals in the environment (Alvarez, D.; Petty, J. D.; Huckins, J. N.; Jones-Lepp, T. L.; Getting, D. T.; Goddard, J. P.; Manahan, S. E. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2004, 23, 1640-1648 (ref 1). Jones-Lepp, T. L. ; Alvarez, D. ; Petty, J. D. ; Huckins, J. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 2004, 47, 427-739 (ref 2). Petty, J. D. ; Huckins, J. N. ; Alvarez, D. ; Brumbaugh, W. G. ; Cranor, W. L. ; Gale, R. W. ; Rastall, A. C. ; Jones-Lepp, T. L. ; Leiker, T. J.; Rostad, C. E. ; Furlong, E. T. Chemosphere 2004, 54, 695-705 (ref 3)). There is a need for laboratory data to extend the use of this type of tool to new compounds. The aim of this study was to determine the sampling rates (Rs; expressed as effective volumes of water extracted daily) of POCIS devices for 14 pharmaceuticals in several conditions of temperature, salinity, and analyte concentration. These values are influenced by significant changes in water temperature and salinity. Overall, POCIS Rs values were independent from aqueous concentrations. After laboratory experiments, an environmental field study has been performed, implementing POCIS devices in the Seine estuary (North Atlantic coast of France) and testing the qualitative and quantitative application of POCIS devices on the contaminated system. The suitability of the devices for monitoring multiple media under a wide range of environmental conditions has also been discussed. The uniformity or reproducibility of the sampling matrix and, on the other hand, the ability to detect compounds at low concentration levels below detection limits of discrete sampling have been highlighted.
Interaction of p53 with Mdm2 and azurin as studied by atomic force spectroscopy

Azurin, a bacterial protein, can be internalized in cancer cells and induce apoptosis. Such anticancer effect is coupled to the formation of a complex with the tumour‐suppressor p53. The mechanism by which azurin stabilizes p53 and the binding sites of their complex are still under investigation. It is also known that the predominant mechanism for p53 down‐regulation implies its association to Mdm2, the main ubiquitin ligase affecting its stability. However, the p53/Mdm2 interaction, occurring at the level of both their N‐terminal domains, has been characterized so far by experiments involving only partial domains of these proteins. The relevance of the p53/Mdm2 complex as a possible target of the anticancer therapies requires a deeper study of this complex as made up of the two entire proteins. Moreover, the apparent antagonist action of azurin against Mdm2, with respect of p53 regulation, might suggest the possibility that azurin binds p53 at the same site of Mdm2, preventing in such a way p53 and Mdm2 from association and thus p53 from degradation. By following the interaction of the two entire proteins by atomic force spectroscopy, we have assessed the formation of a specific complex between p53 and Mdm2. We found for it a binding strength and a dissociation rate constant typical of dynamical protein–protein interactions and we observed that azurin, even if capable to bind p53, does not compete with Mdm2 for the same binding site on p53. The formation of the p53/Mdm2/azurin ternary complex might suggest an alternative anti‐cancer mechanism adopted by azurin. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Coordination of what and where in Visual Attention

Performance often suffers when two visual discriminations must be made concurrently (‘divided attention’). In the modular primate visual system, different cortical areas analyse different kinds of visual information. Especially important is a distinction between an occipitoparietal ‘where? ’ system, analysing spatial relations, and an occipitotemporal ‘what? ’ system responsible for object recognition. Though such visual subsystems are anatomically parallel, their functional relationship when ‘what? ’ and ‘where? ’ discriminations are made concurrently is unknown. In the present experiments, human subjects made concurrent discriminations concerning a brief visual display. Discriminations were either similar (two ‘what? ’ or two ‘where? ’ discriminations) or dissimilar (one of each), and concerned the same or different objects. When discriminations concerned different objects, there was strong interference between them. This was equally severe whether discriminations were similar—and therefore dependent on the same cortical system—or dissimilar. When concurrent ‘what? ’ and ‘where? ’ discriminations concerned the same object, however, all interference disappeared. Such results suggest that ‘what? ’ and ‘where? ’ systems are coordinated in visual attention: their separate outputs can be used simultaneously without cost, but only when they concern one object.
Blockchain-Based Lightweight and Privacy-Preserving Quality Assurance Framework in Crowdsensing Systems

The novel sensing paradigm known as crowdsensing leverages ubiquitous smart devices to collect data in Internet of Things (IoT) applications. Traditional crowdsensing schemes assume a central framework to execute truth discovery algorithm to assure data quality, which may introduce reliability and privacy issues. Blockchain is a promising technology that provides a decentralized, transparent, and immutable platform. However, designing a blockchain-based quality assurance scheme in crowdsensing is not a trivial problem. First, truth discovery is a time-consuming iterative algorithm, which is not practical to execute on blockchain. Second, privacy-preserving schemes always require that the participants join in multiround communications, which is not acceptable in open blockchain because of users’ highly unpredictable behaviors. Finally, on-chain data are publicly accessible, and achieving a good balance between data utility and privacy is an important issue. In this article, we propose a lightweight quality assurance framework atop blockchain to build a reliable, privacy preserving, and fair crowdsensing system. Specifically, we carefully design two kinds of smart contracts to cooperatively maintain a long-term reliable platform to execute crowdsensing tasks. In the contracts, we devise a reputation-based aggregator selection algorithm to reach the consensus on truthful results while avoiding expensive on-chain iterative processes. The participant selection scheme and reward policy are further utilized to filter appropriate participants to complete the task. Our scheme also protects data privacy and does not require communications between participants. Finally, we implement and deploy the contracts on Ethereum and conduct extensive experiments to demonstrate that the contracts can practically execute crowdsensing tasks.
TRADITIONAL CHINESE QIGONG FOR ENHANCING SPINAL MOBILITY, FUNCTIONAL INDEPENDENCE. CAPABILITY, AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN A PATIENT WITH ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS: A CASE STUDY.

Liye Zou 1, , Huiru Wang 2 , Ting Li 3 , Yankai Shu 1 and Chaoyi Wang 5 . 1. Department of Sport Sciences, Jishou University, USA. 2. Department of Sport Science, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China. 3. Department of Neurology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China. 4. Jilin University, China. Manuscript Info Abstract . Manuscript History
Structural Basis of Dual Specificity of Sinorhizobium meliloti Clr, a cAMP and cGMP Receptor Protein

Cyclic 3′,5′-AMP (cAMP) and cyclic 3′,5′-GMP (cGMP) are both long known as important nucleotide secondary messengers in eukaryotes. This is also the case for cAMP in prokaryotes, whereas a signaling role for cGMP in this domain of life has been recognized only recently. ABSTRACT In bacteria, the most prevalent receptor proteins of 3′,5′-cyclic AMP (cAMP) and 3′,5′-cyclic GMP (cGMP) are found among transcription factors of the Crp-Fnr superfamily. The prototypic Escherichia coli catabolite activator protein (CAP) represents the main Crp cluster of this superfamily and is known to bind cAMP and cGMP but to mediate transcription activation only in its cAMP-bound state. In contrast, both cyclic nucleotides mediate transcription activation by Sinorhizobium meliloti Clr, mapping to cluster G of Crp-like proteins. We present crystal structures of Clr-cAMP and Clr-cGMP bound to the core motif of the palindromic Clr DNA binding site (CBS). We show that both cyclic nucleotides shift ternary Clr-cNMP–CBS-DNA complexes (where cNMP is cyclic nucleotide monophosphate) to almost identical active conformations, unlike the situation known for the E. coli CAP-cNMP complex. Isothermal titration calorimetry measured similar affinities of cAMP and cGMP binding to Clr in the presence of CBS core motif DNA (equilibrium dissociation constant for cNMP (KDcNMP], ~7 to 11 μM). However, different affinities were determined in the absence of this DNA (KDcGMP, ~24 μM; KDcAMP, ~6 μM). Sequencing of Clr-coimmunoprecipitated DNA as well as electrophoretic mobility shift and promoter-probe assays expanded the list of experimentally proven Clr-regulated promoters and CBS. This comprehensive set of CBS features conserved nucleobases that are consistent with the sequence readout through interactions of Clr amino acid residues with these nucleobases, as revealed by the Clr–cNMP–CBS-DNA crystal structures. IMPORTANCE Cyclic 3′,5′-AMP (cAMP) and cyclic 3′,5′-GMP (cGMP) are both long known as important nucleotide secondary messengers in eukaryotes. This is also the case for cAMP in prokaryotes, whereas a signaling role for cGMP in this domain of life has been recognized only recently. Catabolite repressor proteins (CRPs) are the most ubiquitous bacterial cAMP receptor proteins. Escherichia coli CAP, the prototypic transcription regulator of the main Crp cluster, binds both cyclic mononucleotides, but only the CAP-cAMP complex promotes transcription activation. In contrast, Crp cluster G proteins studied so far are activated by cGMP or by both cAMP and cGMP. Here, we report a structural analysis of the cAMP- and cGMP-activatable cluster G member Clr from Sinorhizobium meliloti, how binding of cAMP and cGMP shifts Clr to its active conformation, and the structural basis of its DNA binding site specificity.
Design of HERIC Topology Based grid-tied Single Phase Transformerless Photovoltaic Inverter to Minimize Leakage Current

An environmentally friendly form of renewable energy is solar photovoltaics (PV). PV panels convert sunlight into electricity. The efficiency and cost of this method are low. However. PV energy systems connected to the grid are one of the viable way to address these drawbacks. Inverters connected to the grid are a key component of distributed generation systems since they act as a bridge between renewable energy sources and utilities. Compared with the ones that have transformers, transformerless inverters have been found to be more efficient, cheaper, smaller size, and lighter when used in low-voltage single-phase photovoltaic (PV) systems with grid tied. Inverters without transformers, however, are highly susceptible to leakage current issues because of their topology structure and modulation scheme. In the absence of a transformer, grid-connected photovoltaic arrays are connected directly to the grid galvanically. Ground and the photovoltaic arrays can have stray capacitance, leading to leakage currents. Various inverter topologies have been designed to remove these leakage currents. This paper examines the HERIC topology for PV systems with grid tied to lessen leakage currents.
The new Northern Copper Belt of south-western Poland: a summary

: Speczik , S. , Szamałek, K. , Wierchowiec, J., Zieliński, K. , Pietrzela, A. and Bieńko, T. 2022. The new Northern Copper Belt of south-western Poland: a summary. Acta Geologica Polonica , 72 (4), 469–477. Warszawa. The Northern Copper Belt is located in south-western Poland, a region well known for its copper and silver occurrences of varying significance. This area also includes the abandoned mines of the North-Sudetic Trough (Old Copper District), as well as the currently active New Copper District in the southern part of the Fore-Sudetic Monocline. The vast exploration programme of Miedzi Copper Corp. initiated in 2011 in the northern, deeper part of the Fore Sudetic Monocline provided new data about the deeper parts of this geological unit, located north of the known deposits. A number of prospective areas with Cu-Ag mineralization were investigated, which ultimately resulted in the discovery of three new Cu-Ag deposits. Both the prospective areas and the documented deposits form the so-called Northern Copper Belt, which as a whole has high potential for the identification of new ore deposits and an increase in resources. A description of these three new deposits is provided along with characteristics of the areas of their possible extension, and the additional prospective areas with hypothetical and speculative resources. The new deposits are compared to other Polish Cu-Ag ore deposits, with an emphasis on differences in their geological structure and mineralogy. The paper also presents a brief summary of the applied new exploration tools which have led to this discovery.
Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience Computational Neuroscience Materials and Methods Surgical Preparation

The experimental methods were similar to those used in our lab in the past (Uglesich et al., 2009). Housing, surgical and recording procedures were in accordance with the National Institutes of Health guidelines and the Mount Sinai School of Medicine Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Adult macaque monkeys were anesthetized initially with an intramuscular injection of xylazine (Rompun, 2 mg/kg) followed by ketamine hydro-chloride (Ketaset, 10 mg/kg), and then given propofol (Diprivan) as needed during surgery. Local anesthetic (xylocaine) was used profusely during surgery, and was used to infi ltrate the areas around the ears. Anesthesia was maintained with a mixture of propofol (4 mg/kg-hr) and sufentanil (0.05 µg/kg-hr), which was given intravenously (IV) during the experiment. Propofol anesthesia has been shown to cause no changes in blood fl ow in the occipital cortex (Fiset et al., 1999), and appears to be optimal for brain studies. Cannulae were inserted into the femoral veins, the right femoral artery, the bladder, and the trachea. The animal was mounted in a stereotaxic apparatus. Phenylephrine hydrochloride (10%) and atropine sulfate (1%) were applied to the eyes. The corneas were protected with plastic gas-permeable contact lenses, and a 3-mm diameter artifi cial pupil was placed in front of each eye. The blood pressure, electrocardiogram, and body temperature were measured and kept within the physiological range. Paralysis was produced by an infusion of pancuronium bromide (Norcuron, 0.25 mg/kg-hr), and the animal was artifi cially respired. The respiration rate and stroke volume were adjusted to produce an end-expiratory value of 3.5–4% CO 2 at the exit of the tracheal cannula. Penicillin (750,000 units) and gentamicin sulfate (4 mg) were administered IM to provide antibacterial coverage, and dexamethasone was injected IV to prevent cerebral edema. A continuous IV fl ow (3–5 ml/kg-hr) of lactated Ringer's solution with 5% dextrose was maintained throughout the experiment to keep the animal properly hydrated,
Estimating the Worldwide Extent of Illegal Fishing

Illegal and unreported fishing contributes to overexploitation of fish stocks and is a hindrance to the recovery of fish populations and ecosystems. This study is the first to undertake a world-wide analysis of illegal and unreported fishing. Reviewing the situation in 54 countries and on the high seas, we estimate that lower and upper estimates of the total value of current illegal and unreported fishing losses worldwide are between $10 bn and $23.5 bn annually, representing between 11 and 26 million tonnes. Our data are of sufficient resolution to detect regional differences in the level and trend of illegal fishing over the last 20 years, and we can report a significant correlation between governance and the level of illegal fishing. Developing countries are most at risk from illegal fishing, with total estimated catches in West Africa being 40% higher than reported catches. Such levels of exploitation severely hamper the sustainable management of marine ecosystems. Although there have been some successes in reducing the level of illegal fishing in some areas, these developments are relatively recent and follow growing international focus on the problem. This paper provides the baseline against which successful action to curb illegal fishing can be judged.
Trajic: An Effective Compression System for Trajectory Data

The need to store vast amounts of trajectory data becomes more problematic as GPS-based tracking devices become increasingly prevalent. There are two commonly used approaches for compressing trajectory data. The first is the line generalisation approach which aims to fit the trajectory using a series of line segments. The second is to store the initial data point and then store the remaining data points as a sequence of successive deltas. The line generalisation approach is only effective when given a large error margin, and existing delta compression algorithms do not permit lossy compression. Consequently there is an uncovered gap in which users expect a good compression ratio by giving away only a small error margin. This paper fills this gap by extending the delta compression approach to allow users to trade a small maximum error margin for large improvements to the compression ratio. In addition, alternative techniques are extensively studied for the following two key components of any delta-based approach: predicting the value of the next data point and encoding leading zeros. We propose a new trajectory compression system called Trajic based on the results of the study. Experimental results show that Trajic produces 1.5 times smaller compressed data than a straight-forward delta compression algorithm for lossless compression and produces 9.4 times smaller compressed data than a state-of-the-art line generalisation algorithm when using a small maximum error bound of 1 meter.
SpeedRock: procedural rocks through grammars and evolution

We present an approach to procedurally generating diverse and believable rocks for usage in games and virtual worlds. The basic idea is to evolve rulesets for three-dimensional L-systems. The fitness calculation involves expanding these rulesets a number of times, collapsing the resulting structure and evaluating how well the collapsed structure conforms to a user-specified shape. Texture is then applied through ray-casting from a sphere around the evolved "skeleton". The result is a lightweight, stand-alone tool for rock generation capable of exporting assets to mainstream modelling programs.
Interpretable Machine Learning : Lessons from Topic Modeling

Paste the appropriate copyright statement here. ACM now supports three different copyright statements: • ACM copyright: ACM holds the copyright on the work. This is the historical approach. • License: The author(s) retain copyright, but ACM receives an exclusive publication license. • Open Access: The author(s) wish to pay for the work to be open access. The additional fee must be paid to ACM. This text field is large enough to hold the appropriate release statement assuming it is single spaced in a sans-serif 7 point font. Every submission will be assigned their own unique DOI string to be included here. Abstract This paper examines how the topic modeling community has characterized interpretability, and discusses how ideas used in topic modeling could be used to make other types of machine learning more interpretable. Interpretability is discussed both from the perspective of evaluation (“how interpretable is this model? ”) and training (“how can we make this model more interpretable? ”) in machine learning.
An evaluation of a vocational group for people with mental health problems based on The WORKS framework

Introduction Attitudinal, social and workplace barriers, as well as poor health, can disrupt participation in education and employment for people experiencing mental illness. The WORKS framework conceptualises support for employment and mental health in relation to three starting points on vocational pathways: Starting Out, Moving Forward, and Keeping Going and Growing. Method The WORKS ‘Starting Out’ phase was adapted for a vocational group run in an Australian mental health service, and qualitative methods used to evaluate three consecutive programmes. Focus group data about service user participants’ (n = 20) views were subjected to content analysis. Findings Two themes related to programme experience were identified: ‘Working together’ and ‘Experiencing structured workshops’. Four themes related to the influences of the group on recovery and vocational aspirations: ‘Work and recovery’; ‘What we got from Starting Out’; ‘Promoting vocation’ and ‘Where to next? ’ Conclusion The findings confirmed the importance of employment to people experiencing longstanding mental illness, and demonstrated that the ‘Starting Out’ programme provided a meaningful way of opening conversations about work. Co-facilitation by occupational therapists and peer workers enabled a respectful environment, which supported participants to identify transferable skills, reconnect with vocational goals and redefine themselves as ‘employable’.
Depression, Poor Sleep, and Sexual Dysfunction in Migraineurs Women

Background: Migraine is a chronic disorder affecting women more than men. Sexual dysfunction is one the complaints of women with migraine, which is not regarded as it should be. The goal of this study was to determine sexual dysfunction in women with migraine, and possible effects of depression and sleep quality on their sexual function. Methods: One hundred married migraineurs women were enrolled. All participants were asked to fill out valid and reliable Persian versions of Pittsburgh Sleep Questionnaire (PSQI), female sexual function index (FSFI) and beck depression inventory (BDI). Results: Mean BDI, PSQI, and FSFI scores were 15.1 ± 9.1, 7.6 ± 4, and 21.6 ± 8.8 in all patients, respectively. Sexual dysfunction found in 68% and 79% were poor sleepers. Mean BDI and PSQI scores were significantly higher in women with sexual dysfunction (FSFI < 26.55). There was significant negative correlation between BDI score and FSFI (r = −0.1, P = 0.001) as well as significant positive correlation between BDI and PSQI (r = 0.42, P < 0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that BDI and age were independent predictors of FSFI score. Conclusions: Physicians should consider sexual dysfunction in women with migraine along with depression and poor sleep in such cases.