Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Biophysical Evaluation of Water-Soluble Curcumin Encapsulated in β-Cyclodextrins on Colorectal Cancer Cells

Curcumin (CUR), a curcuminoid originating from turmeric root, possesses diverse pharmacological applications, including potent anticancer properties. However, the use of this efficacious agent in cancer therapy has been limited due to low water solubility and poor bioavailability. To overcome these problems, a drug delivery system was established as an excipient allowing improved dispersion in aqueous media coupled with enhanced in vitro anticancer effects. Different analyses such as UV–vis spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), solubility and dissolution assays were determined to monitor the successful encapsulation of CUR within the inner cavity of a β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) complex. The results indicated that water solubility was improved by 205.75-fold compared to pure CUR. Based on cytotoxicity data obtained from MTT assays, the inclusion complex exhibited a greater decrease in cancer cell viability compared to pure CUR. Moreover, cancer cell migration rates were decreased by 75.5% and 38.92%, invasion rates were decreased by 37.7% and 35.7%, while apoptosis rates were increased by 26.3% and 14.2%, and both caused caspase 3 activation toward colorectal cancer cells (SW480 and HCT116 cells). This efficacious formulation that enables improved aqueous dispersion is potentially useful and can be extended for various chemotherapeutic applications. Preliminary toxicity evaluation also indicated that its composition can be safely used in humans for cancer therapy.
Short- and Long-Term Effects of Birth Weight and Neonatal Care in Pigs

Simple Summary Neonatal piglet viability is decreasing as a consequence of the selection for increasing numbers of piglets born per sow per year. Several strategies have been proposed to reduce neonatal mortality, which involve all aspects of swine production. Early management intervention has proven effective to reduce piglet mortality particularly in low-birth-weight piglets, although this practice, in some cases, increases production costs. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of body weight at birth and individual neonatal care provided to piglets on preweaning mortality, and the long-term effects on growth and carcass and meat characteristics. The results of this research showed that early neonatal care may be a useful practice to reduce mortality, especially in low-birth-weight piglets. Moreover, neonatal care could affect meat quality, fat content, and fatty acid profile, thus suggesting long-term effects on metabolism. Abstract Swine industries worldwide face a loss in profit due to high piglet mortality, particularly as a consequence of the marked increase in prolificity and low birth weight (BW) of piglets. This research studied the effect of BW and individual neonatal care provided to piglets on preweaning mortality, and the long-term effects on growth and carcass and meat characteristics. Litters from seventy-one crossbred sows (PIC 34) were included in the trial. Half of each litter did not receive any further management, and the remaining half received the pre-established management protocol of early assistance of neonatal care (NC). Along lactation, the low-BW piglets (weight equal to or less than 1.1 kg) showed a threefold higher mortality rate than piglets of higher weights (32 vs. 10%; p = 0.001), with mortality particularly concentrated within the first week after birth. No effect of NC treatment was observed on mortality ratio caused by crushing, but a significant effect was observed in low-BW piglets who died of starvation (p < 0.01). The effect of NC on growth is dependent on BW, and heavier piglets at birth benefit from NC treatment to a higher extent than low-BW piglets. Low-BW piglets showed a higher fatness (p = 0.003), lower lean cut yield (p = 0.002) in carcasses, and higher intramuscular fat (IMF) content (2.29% vs. 1.91%; p = 0.01) in meat. NC treatment increased the lean content in carcasses from low-BW piglets (p < 0.01). The monounsaturated fatty acids concentration was higher in lower-than-normal-BW piglets (48.1% vs. 47.1%; p = 0.002) and the opposite effect was observed for polyunsaturated fatty acids (13.6% vs. 15.7%; p = 0.002). NC treatment induced a higher concentration of n-7 fatty acids. In conclusion, NC treatment may be a useful practice to reduce mortality in low-BW piglets. Moreover, NC could affect carcass fatness and meat quality, thus suggesting a long-term effect on metabolism.
Infrared Effects of Ultraviolet Operators on Dark Matter Freeze-In

Dark matter (DM) that interacts too weakly with the Standard Model (SM) to reach full thermodynamic equilibrium can be still be created in significant amounts by rare SM collisions. This mechanism, called freeze-in, can proceed through a renormalizable connector operator with a very small coefficient, or a non-renormalizable connector operator suppressed by a large mass scale. In the latter non-renormalizable scenario, the dominant creation of DM particles typically occurs at the largest SM temperature attained during the radiation era (assuming a standard cosmological history), and for this reason it is referred to as ultraviolet freeze-in. We show that non-renormalizable operators can also contribute importantly to the DM density at lower temperatures down to below the mass of the DM particle. To do so, we compute the production, annihilation, and freeze-out of DM in a simple dark sector consisting of a massive Dirac fermion DM candidate coupled to a massless Abelian vector boson with the only connection to the SM through the fermionic Higgs portal operator. For a broad range of parameters in the theory, the dark sector is populated by ultraviolet freeze-in in the usual way, self-thermalizes to a dark temperature below that of the SM, and undergoes thermal freeze-out. We show that late residual freeze-in reactions during the freeze-out process can further populate the dark sector and increase the DM relic density beyond standard dark sector freeze-out.
Distribution to the Astronomy Community of the Compressed Digitized Sky Survey

The Space Telescope Science Institute has compressed an all-sky collection of ground-based images and has printed the data on a two volume, 102 CD-ROM disc set. The first part of the survey (containing images of the southern sky) was published in May 1994. The second volume (containing images of the northern sky) was published in January 1995. Software which manages the image retrieval is included with each volume. The Astronomical Society of the Pacific (ASP) is handling the distribution of the lOx compressed data and has sold 310 sets as of October 1996. ASP is also handling the distribution of the recently published 100x version of the northern sky survey which is publicly available at a low cost. The target markets for the 100x compressed data set are the amateur astronomy community, educational institutions, and the general public. During the next year, we plan to publish the first version of a photometric calibration database which will allow users of the compressed sky survey to determine the brightness of stars in the images.
Supermassive and Intermediate-Mass Black Hole Growth at Galaxy Centers and resulting Feedback using Cosmological Simulations

Accretion of matter onto central Black Holes (BHs) in galaxies liberates enormous amounts of feedback energy, which influence the formation and evolution of structures, affecting the environment from pc to Mpc scales. These BHs are usually Supermassive BHs (SMBHs: mass $\geq 10^6 M_{\odot}$) existing at the centers of active galactic nuclei (AGN), which are widely observed through their multi-wavelength emission at all cosmic epochs. The SMBH energy output is often observed as powerful AGN outflows in a wide variety of forms. Relatively recently, Intermediate-Mass BHs (IMBHs: mass = $100 - 10^6 M_{\odot}$) have started to be observed hosted in Dwarf Galaxy (DG) centers. Some of the central IMBHs in DGs show signatures of activity in the form of low-luminosity AGN. We have performed Cosmological Hydrodynamical Simulations to probe SMBHs in high-z quasars (Barai et al. 2018), and IMBHs in DGs (Barai & de Gouveia Dal Pino 2019). Our simulations employ the 3D TreePM SPH code GADGET-3, and include metal cooling, star formation, chemical enrichment, stellar evolution, supernova feedback, AGN accretion and feedback. Analyzing the simulation output in post-processing, we investigate the growth of the first IMBHs, and the growth of the first SMBHs, their impact on star-formation, as well as their co-evolution with the respective host galaxies. We quantify the impact of SMBHs and IMBHs on their host galaxies, especially the effects on quenching star-formation. We also study the corresponding BH outflow properties.
The Cosmological Constant and Dark Energy

Physics invites the idea that space contains energy whose gravitational effect approximates that of Einstein's cosmological constant, Lambda: nowadays the concept is termed dark energy or quintessence. Physics also suggests the dark energy could be dynamical, allowing the arguably appealing picture that the dark energy density is evolving to its natural value, zero, and is small now because the expanding universe is old. This alleviates the classical problem of the curious energy scale of order a millielectronvolt associated with a constant Lambda. Dark energy may have been detected by recent advances in the cosmological tests. The tests establish a good scientific case for the context, in the relativistic Friedmann-Lemaitre model, including the gravitational inverse square law applied to the scales of cosmology. We have well-checked evidence that the mean mass density is not much more than one quarter of the critical Einstein-de Sitter value. The case for detection of dark energy is serious but not yet as convincing: we await more checks that may come out of work in progress. Planned observations might be capable of detecting evolution of the dark energy density: a positive result would be a considerable stimulus to attempts to understand the microphysics of dark energy. This review presents the basic physics and astronomy of the subject, reviews the history of ideas, assesses the state of the observational evidence, and comments on recent developments in the search for a fundamental theory.
No-Slip Condition for a Mixture of Two Liquids

When a mixture of two viscous liquids flows past a solid wall there is an ambiguity in the use of the no-slip boundary condition. It is not obvious whether the mass-averaged velocity, the volume-averaged velocity, the individual species velocities, all or none of the above, or none of the above should exhibit no-slip. Extensive molecular dynamics simulations of the Poiseuille flow of mixtures of coexisting liquid species past an atomistic wall indicate that the velocity of each individual liquid species satisfies the no-slip condition and, therefore, so do mass and volume averages.
Thermokinetic approach of the generalized Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation with spin-polarized current

In order to describe the recently observed effect of current induced magnetization reversal in magnetic nanostructures, the thermokinetic theory is applied to a metallic ferromagnet in contact with a reservoir of spin-polarized conduction electrons. The spin-flip relaxation of the conduction electrons is described thermodynamically as a chemical reaction. In the two-current approximation, the diffusion equation of the chemical potential, the giant magnetoresistance at the interface and and the usual Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert (LLG) equation is obtained from the entropy variation in the absence of current. The description of the conservation laws, including spin dependent scattering and spin injection leads to the derivation of a generalized LLG equation. The equation is applied to the measurements obtained on single magnetic Ni nanowires.
Ethical Construction and Development of Mining Engineering Based on the Safe, Efficient, Green, and Low-Carbon Concept

Modern mining engineering has become a huge system project with the increased intensification and complexity of mining engineering, which interwinds, involving many factors. Ethical issues in the main body of mining engineering have become more and more prominent. What must complement ongoing discussions is a more professional and systematic analysis that engages with mining engineering on the socio-technical systems. In this paper, first, the connotation and basic principles of mining engineering ethics are put forward. Then, the ethical responsibilities that mining engineers may face are analyzed. It is suggested that the code of mining engineering ethics can, in practice, provide engineers with the necessary guidelines to avoid mine accidents caused by wrong decisions. In addition, a case base is introduced to train students to analyze engineering ethics in practical cases, and four typical case studies are discussed in detail. Then, the implementation paths of mining engineering ethics are studied, which are centered on the concept of safe, efficient, green, and low-carbon development. Finally, we suggest that improving the ethical norms of mining engineering, personnel training system, and moral supervision of mining projects will enable engineers to deal with the ethical issues of mining engineering more effectively, thereby improving the sustainability of mining engineering.
Hybridizing the Dimensionality Reduction Approaches for Cancer Classification Using Genes Expression Analysis

In the DNA microarray datasets, genes expression has made a big impact on the classification of diseases especially in the case of tumor classification. Tumor classification is basically done to predict the cancer on the basis of genes expression profile. Although genes expression dataset are considered to be high dimensional dataset, so dimensionality reduction is very much needed during the classification. In this work to reduce the dimension of genes expression we have proposed the hybrid approach using ReliefF method and the genetic algorithm. The combination of these methods will be used for selecting the subset of the genes before performing the classification. In this work ReliefF method and genetic algorithm will work as a filter method and wrapper method respectively and there combination will form the hybrid method. The results have shown that the proposed work can be implemented on the genes expression dataset to improve the classification accuracy during the disease prediction. The proposed work has computed the classification accuracy of 94.4%, 96.7%, 96.6% and 90.6% on genes expression of Colon cancer, Leukemia, lung and prostate respectively. Keyword : ReliefF, mutiobjective brain storming, lung cancer, mutation, AUC, accuracy.
Therapeutic Use of Metaphors in Medical English Scenario Writing: A Case Study of Nervous System Writing by Three Medical Majors in Xinxiang Medical University

For future doctors, it is quite common to use metaphors in therapy. In the therapy process, one goal for therapists is to develop metaphors that can present the client’s problem as a solution. The solution metaphors should be as close as possible to the client’s own language. Here, metaphors can be seen as a tool to provide explanations to and communicate with clients. Therefore, to cultivate students’ use of metaphors in therapy, after watching and analyzing a video of the nervous system, students are required to write short essays according to the given scenario. Students are allowed to use metaphorical sentences in their essay. The analysis of these sentences shows that structural metaphors, orientational metaphors, and ontological metaphors were used in their writing. The scenario writing exercise not only improved students’ metaphoric competence but also provided them with a new approach for their future career.
Power laws, precursors and predictability during failure

We investigate the dynamics of a modified Burridge-Knopoff model by introducing a dissipative term to mimic the bursts of acoustic emission (AE) from rock samples. The model explains many features of the statistics of AE signals observed in experiments such as the crossover in the exponent value from relatively small-amplitude AE signals to a larger regime, and their dependence on the pulling speed. Significantly, we find that the cumulative energy dissipated identified with acoustic emission can be used to predict a major slip event. We also find a data collapse of the acoustic activity for several major slip events describable by a universal stretched exponential with corrections in terms of time to failure.
Magnetic field topology and chemical spot distributions of the Ap star HD 119419

Context. Analysis of high-resolution spectropolarimetric time-series observations of early-type magnetic stars is currently the most advanced method of obtaining detailed information on their surface magnetic field topologies and horizontal spot distributions. Aims. In this study we analyse a new set of high-quality full Stokes vector observations of the magnetic Ap star HD 119419 – a member of the 14 Myr old Lower Cen-Cru association – for the purpose of studying the surface field topology and mapping the chemical abundance spots. Methods. We made use of the circular and linear polarisation data collected for HD 119419 with the HARPSpol instrument at the ESO 3.6-m telescope. These observations were analysed with a multi-line magnetic diagnostic technique and modelled in detail with a Magnetic Doppler imaging (MDI) code. Results. We present a new set of high-precision mean longitudinal magnetic field measurements and derive a revised stellar rotational period by comparing our measurements with the literature data. We also redetermine the basic stellar atmospheric parameters. Our four Stokes parameter magnetic inversions reveal a moderately complex surface field topology with a mean field strength of 18 kG and a maximum local strength of 24 kG. A poloidal dipolar component dominates the magnetic energy spectrum of the surface field in HD 119419. However, significant contributions of the higher-order spherical harmonic components are also present. We show that the dipole plus quadrupole part of the reconstructed field geometry is incapable of reproducing the observed amplitudes and shapes of the Stokes Q and U profiles. The chemical abundance distributions of Fe, Cr, Ti, and Nd, derived self-consistently with the magnetic field geometry, are characterised by large abundance gradients and a lack of clear correlation with the magnetic field structure. Conclusions. This full Stokes vector analysis of HD 119419 extends the modern hot-star magnetic mapping investigations to an open cluster Ap star with a well-determined age. Further, MDI studies of cluster members will allow us to study the field topologies and chemical abundance spots as a function of stellar age.
Preferences for Online Learning among Nursing Students: A Systematic Review

Background and objectives: The traditional teaching methods have transitioned to distance learning in all fields of education, including medical and nursing education during the Covid 19 pandemic. We aimed to perform a systematic review on preferences for online modes of learning among nursing students. Materials and Methods: The investigator conducted a thorough literature search on PubMed and Google scholar using comprehensive search strategies to find published English free full-text scientific articles related to preferences of nursing students to online and face-to-face learning modes. Based on the inclusion criteria, articles were searched. Results: The studies that were selected based on databases give the evidence to convince the different perceptions of nursing students to online learning modes. Out of six, 4 studies show less than 50% of preferences for online learning. Interpretation and conclusions: Current evidence suggests that the online mode of learning has increasing preference along with face-to-face learning in nursing. However, further studies with a larger sample size and longer duration are required. Keywords : Online learning, preferences, nursing students
Large Eddy Simulation of Flow Interactions Between a Turbulent Free-Stream and a Permeable Bed

Systems comprising a turbulent channel flow overlaying a permeable bed can be found in a variety of industrial and natural applications (e.g. urban planning, fracking, submerged vegetation). One important realization of this system is at the bottom of rivers, where surface waters of the river permeate the deposited sediment and exchange their contents with subsurface waters. Obtaining a complete picture of this process, known as hyporheic exchange, is important for the understanding and maintenance of water quality and river ecology. Given the wide range of length scales (mm to km) and corresponding time scales of interest, reduced-order numerical models (e.g. stochastic particle tracking, advection-dispersion equations) are often used to study the transport of mass and momentum in this system. However, the many scales associated with surface/subsurface mixing make the development of a high-fidelity model for turbulent scalar transport a formidable challenge. In an effort to capture transport behavior at the pore scale, this work is focused on development of a detailed, three-dimensional flow model for the Large Eddy Simulation (LES) of turbulent flow over a permeable bed. A rigorous assessment of the computational mesh, domain size and turbulence model is performed. Concurrently, the double-averaging methodology is used to study the large-scale, persistent flow behavior in the presence of spatio-temporal heterogeneity. It is found that accurate resolution of the largest turbulent scales is necessary to develop a complete picture of interfacial transport, and that these large structures are felt deeper within the bed. Additionally, the development of a particle tracking software module is detailed. This module provides a foundation for the extraction of Lagrangian dispersion information from the LES, which will eventually be used to physically inform reduced-order models.
Structures in Logic and Computer Science, A Selection of Essays in Honor of Andrzej Ehrenfeucht

On the work of Andrzej Ehrenfeucht in model theory. - Syntax vs. semantics on finite structures. - Expressive power of unary counters. - Some strange quantifiers. - Pebble games in model theory. - An interpretive isomorphism between binary and ternary relations. - Vagueness - A rough set view. - Ehrenfeucht games, the composition method, and the monadic theory of ordinal words. - Monadic second order logic and node relations on graphs and trees. - Approximating the volume of general Pfaffian bodies. - Complement-equivalence classes on graphs. - On compact directed acyclic word graphs. - Metric entropy and minimax risk in classification. - Of periods, quasiperiods, repetitions and covers. - Combinatorics of standard Sturmian words. - Compactness of systems of equations on completely regular semigroups. - Decision problems concerning algebraic series with noncommuting variables. - Associative shuffle of infinite words. - Constructing sequential bijections. - Rewriting rules for synchronization languages. - DNA sequence classification using DAWGs. - DNA computing: Distributed splicing systems.