Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dual‐band, low‐profile, vertically polarized annular ring slot antenna embedded in a small metallic UAV

A dual‐band, low‐profile, vertically‐polarized annular ring slot antenna is presented. The antenna consists of an annular ring slot structure and a ring‐shaped structure. The ring‐shaped structure is attached on the back of the annular ring slot structure using two sets of conductive vias to avoid increasing the size of the proposed antenna. Dual‐band characteristic is realized by adjusting the radius of the annular ring slot structure and the ring‐shaped structure. Analysis of the dual‐band characteristic of the proposed antenna is discussed. The proposed antenna is vertically polarized and provides a monopole‐like radiation pattern on both the frequency bands. The ground size of the proposed antenna is the same size as the antenna radius. The ground plane is relatively small comparing with most of the other vertically polarized patch antennas. The edge of the proposed antenna is shorted by a set of conductive vias. The proposed antenna is insensitive to the surrounding environment and thus can be embedded in a metallic unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). A prototype with a height of 3.048 mm (0.03λ) and radius of 55 mm (0.45λ) is designed, fabricated, and measured. The proposed antenna works at 2.38 and 2.58 GHz. In addition, the proposed antenna embedded in a metallic UAV is simulated. The results show that the metallic UAV has small effect on the performance of the antenna. The proposed antenna is suitable for the operations of being controlled by a ground control station (GCS) and transmitting data to the GCS simultaneously for a small UAV. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:323–328, 2016
A fully integrated low-noise amplifier in SiGe 0.35 μm technology for 802.11a WIFI applications

In the last years, WIFI market has shown an incredible growth, exceeding expectations. This paper presents the design of two fully integrated LNAs using a low cost SiGe 0.35 um technology for the 5 GHz band, according to the IEEE 802.11a WIFI standard. One LNA has an asymmetric configuration and the other a balanced configuration. A comparison between the two LNAs has been made. All passives devices are on chip, including integrated inductors which have been designed by electromagnetic simulations. This work demonstrates the feasibility of a low cost silicon technology for the design of 5 GHz band circuits
Holistic Approach to Airport Surface Safety

Airport surface safety is acknowledged worldwide as a key area to aviation safety. However, current methods for analyzing and mitigating surface safety occurrences are piecemeal in their approach and limited in scope and perspective. This paper emphasizes the need for a holistic approach to surface safety and introduces a new methodology for the development of a holistic taxonomy for critical factors underlying airport surface safety occurrences. The taxonomy incorporates findings from the relevant literature, safety data, airport surveys, and interviews with subject matter experts. It benefits from the viewpoints of all the relevant aviation stakeholders (regulators, air navigation service providers, airport authorities, airlines, ground handling companies, accident investigation boards) and derives its robustness from the combination of a number of research methods. The application of the taxonomy to support the safety risk management function within the context of safety management systems is proposed. Application of the taxonomy to a multinational data set (North America, Europe, Oceania) verifies that the databases complement each other and that a holistic picture can only be achieved through their combined use. In addition, the analysis indicates that differences in the data sets are a function of the national air traffic system and airport infrastructure, underlying regulations, reporting system and safety culture, and the viewpoint of the aviation stakeholder that is represented. Finally, the holistic approach proposed in this paper is shown to be transferable to other areas of aviation safety.
A Numerical Study of the Global Performance of Two Static Mixers

Viscous liquids have to be homogenized in continuous operations in many branches of processing industries; and therefore, fluid mixing plays a critical role in the success or failure of many industrial processes. The use of static mixers has been utilized over a wide range of applications from simple blending to complex chemical reactions. Generally, a static mixer consists of a number of equal stationary units, placed on the inside of a pipe or channel in order to promote mixing of flowing fluid streams. These mixers have low maintenance and operating costs, low space requirements and no moving parts. A range of designs exists for a wide range of specific applications. The shape of the elements determines the character of the fluid motion and thus determines the effectiveness of the mixer. There are several key parameters in the design procedure of a static mixer. Some of the most important ones are: the degree of mixing of working fluids, pressure drop across the mixer, and residence time distribution of fluid elements. An ideal static mixer provides a highly mixed material with low pressure drop and similar traveling history for all fluid elements. To choose a static mixer for a given application or in order to design a new static mixer, besides experimentation, it is possible to use powerful computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tools to study the performance of static mixers. This paper extends previous studies by the authors on industrial static mixers and illustrates how static mixing processes of single-phase viscous liquids can be simulated numerically. Using different measuring tools, the global performance and costs of two static mixers are studied.Copyright © 2005 by ASME
RTDS-a fully digital power system simulator operating in real time

This paper presents details on the design, architectural features and applications of a real-time digital simulator (RTDS) developed at the Manitoba HVDC Research Centre (Winnipeg, Canada). Custom hardware and software have been developed and collectively applied to the simulation and study of electromagnetic transients phenomenon in power systems in real-time. The combination of real-time operation, flexible I/O, graphical user interface and an extensive library of accurate power system component models make the RTDS an ideal simulation tool with a wide range of applications.
Cooling performance of plate fins for multichip modules

Numerical and experimental studies were carried out to evaluate the air cooling characteristics of plate fins for MCMs (multichip modules) with and without some spanwise space around the plate fins. The flow field in-between the plate fins can be assumed to be similar to that of a parallel plate duct, and hence two dimensional laminar flow analyses using the finite volume method were performed. Calculations were carried out for Res (S/L)=1 to 200 and S/t (plate spacing to plate thickness ratio)=3, 4 and 7. Some empirical equations for the Nusselt number and friction factor based on the numerical results are proposed. Considering the fin efficiency calculated from the conventional conduction fin model, the thermal resistance of the plate fins with no space around the fins could be estimated easily on the basis of the above-mentioned equations. Comparisons with experimental results show that this method is valid for H/S (fin height to plate spacing ratio)/spl ges/7. In the case of H/S=4, the thermal resistance is overestimated by this method. Furthermore, nodal network analyses were carried out to estimate the thermal resistance of the plate fin including some spanwise space by specifying the cooling characteristics of the plate fin with no space around the fin. The good agreement between the predicted results and corresponding experimental data shows that this relatively simple nodal network method is quite useful to estimate the thermal resistance of plate fills including some spanwise space. <<ETX>>
Evaluating the importance of mooring line model fidelity in floating offshore wind turbine simulations

Accurate computer modelling is critical in achieving cost-effective floating offshore wind turbine designs. Although a range of modelling fidelities are available for all parts of the simulation, a lower-fidelity quasi-static approach that neglects inertia and hydrodynamics is often used for the mooring line model. The loss of accuracy from using this approach has not been thoroughly studied across different support structure designs. To test the adequacy of this widely used simplified mooring line modelling approach, the floating wind turbine simulator FAST (National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado) was modified to allow the use of a high-fidelity dynamic mooring line model, ProteusDS (Dynamic Systems Analysis Inc. of Victoria, BC, Canada). Three standard floating wind turbine designs were implemented in this new simulator arrangement and tested using a set of steady and stochastic wind and wave conditions. The static equivalence between the built-in quasi-static mooring model and the dynamic mooring model is within 0.6% in terms of fairlead tension. Tests of the systems’ responses in still water indicate that the hydrodynamic damping of the mooring lines can constitute anywhere from 1% to 35% of the overall system damping in pitch, depending on the design. Tests in steady and stochastic operating conditions show that for very stable designs with slack moorings, or designs with taut moorings, a quasi-static mooring model can in many conditions predict the platform motions and turbine loads with reasonable accuracy. For slack-moored designs with larger platform motions, however, a quasi-static model can lead to inaccuracies of as much as 30% in the damage-equivalent and extreme loads on the turbine. An important observation is that even in situations where the platform response is predicted reasonably well by a quasi-static model, larger inaccuracies can arise in the response of the rotor blades. These inaccuracies are more severe in the time series (with instantaneous discrepancies as high as 50% of the mean load) than in the corresponding damage-equivalent and extreme loads calculated over multiple stochastic simulations. Consequently, differences in damage-equivalent and extreme load metrics should be considered a floor to the measure of inaccuracy caused by a quasi-static mooring model. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A MEMS-based, high-sensitivity pressure sensor for ultraclean semiconductor applications

Process applications in the semiconductor industry require increasing levels of performance in pressure measurement and control. In addition, measurement and control of process mass flows are moving toward pressure-based mass flow controllers (MFCs). This work reports the development of a MEMS-based pressure sensor with the requisite performance for rigorous pressure and flow sensing sensing. The pressure sensing element consists of two capacitor plates, whose separation varies as a function of the radial distance from the center of the structure. The bottom capacitor plate is mechanically fixed, while the upper plate is a flexible silicon membrane. A variable separation between the plates is introduced by locating a hub in the center of the structure, and stretching the membrane over this structure. The theoretical principles, fabrication and performance of the structure are discussed.
Configuration of new power delivery system for reliable power supply

The optimal network configuration method of a new power delivery system is discussed from a viewpoint of power supply reliability. The new power delivery system can realize unbundled power quality services by utilizing dispersed generators and energy storage (DGS) on the demand side. The system is named FRIENDS (F_lexible, R_eliable, and I_ntelligent E_lectrical eN_ergy D_elivery S_ystem). The main idea of the system is to introduce so-called quality control center (QCC) into the system. FRIENDS consists of a network of QCC connections. To find the optimal network configuration of FRIENDS, the tabu search method is employed. To demonstrate the validity of the algorithm, several numerical examples are shown.
Preliminary Planning for Mars Sample Return (MSR) Curation Activities in a Sample Receiving Facility.

The Mars Sample Return Planning Group 2 (MSPG2) was tasked with identifying the steps that encompass all the curation activities that would happen within the MSR Sample Receiving Facility (SRF) and any anticipated curation-related requirements. An area of specific interest is the necessary analytical instrumentation. The SRF would be a Biosafety Level-4 facility where the returned MSR flight hardware would be opened, the sample tubes accessed, and the martian sample material extracted from the tubes. Characterization of the essential attributes of each sample would be required to provide enough information to prepare a sample catalog used in guiding the preparation of sample-related proposals by the world's research community and informing decisions by the sample allocation committee. The sample catalog would be populated with data and information generated during all phases of activity, including data derived concurrent with Mars 2020 sample-collecting rover activity, sample transport to Earth, and initial sample characterization within the SRF. We conclude that initial sample characterization can best be planned as a set of three sequential phases, which we have called Pre-Basic Characterization (Pre-BC), Basic Characterization (BC), and Preliminary Examination (PE), each of which requires a certain amount of instrumentation. Data on specific samples and subsamples obtained during sample safety assessments and time-sensitive scientific investigations would also be added to the catalog. There are several areas where future work would be beneficial to prepare for the receipt of samples, which would include the design of a sample tube isolation chamber and a strategy for opening the sample tubes and removing dust from the tube exteriors.
Effects of Commercial Inorganic and Hog Waste Organic Fertilizer on the Growth Performance and Yield of Pechay (Brassica rapa)

This study compares the effect of Hog Waste Organic Fertilizer (HWOF) and Commercial Inorganic Fertilizer (CIF) on the growth performance of pechay ( Brassica rapa ) in 7 Treatments: T1- pure soil; T2 - soil with CIF; T3- 20% hog waste; T4 - 40% hog waste; T5 - 60% hog waste; T6 - 80% hog waste; T7 – 100% hog waste. The experiment for 30 days was performed on a randomized complete block design (RCBD). The data gathered were analyzed using one-way ANOVA to determine the differences among the growth performances of pechay based on height, leaf width, no. of leaves, weight, and root length. The results present the physico-chemical analyses of both soil and hog waste fertilizers. Regarding the growth performances of pechay ( Brassica rapa ), T5 obtained the highest plant height -108.27 cm and leaf width – 112.07 cm, which were significantly higher than T2 using CIF. The highest weight gain was obtained by T6, which was significantly higher than the other treatments followed by T5, but both were comparable to the samples of CIF, while T3 obtained the longest root length. Thus, the application of 60% to 80% HWOF yields comparable results with CIF. Hence, such application is recommended for community organic farming.
Experience in using fault recording facilities in multifunction protective relays to detect actual fault circumstances

During a recent cogeneration plant commissioning, a phase-to-phase fault occurred and developed into a three-phase fault at a generator switchgear terminal. The fault was recorded by two multifunction relays that were protecting areas overlapping the fault location. The captured fault records from one of the relays allowed analysis that was confirmed by a visual inspection of the switchgear cubicle. This paper discusses an experience with the usage of a fault recording function of present-day-technology multifunction relays. The paper provides a methodology for analyzing the measured values of near-generator fault currents and confirms the importance of adequate fault recording facilities in the new multifunction protective relays.
A Survey of Wireless Indoor Positioning Technology for Fire Emergency Routing

Fire emergency response needs positioning solutions to assist evacuation and rescue operations. Therefore, we have to carefully review the candidates for this purpose. These indoor positioning technologies show different levels of applicability in fire emergency response. According to the varying demands of emergency response, flexible localization solutions should be provided. Thus, we guide a first step to implement this concept in three pre-defined emergency scenes. At last, we conclude several key features for indoor positioning solutions for emergency routing and three future research topics.
Stochastic modeling of Karasu River (Turkey) using the meth- ods of Artificial Neural Networks

Engineering project design, environmental impact analysis and water re- sources problems, particularly hydrological simulation and forecasting often require the estimation of streamflow. Simulation and forecasting techniques of streamflow time series have been applied widely for determining the dimensions of hydraulic works for risk assessment in urban water supply systems and irrigation, optimal op- eration of reservoir systems, optimization hydroelectric production, and so on. The present study uses two different artificial neural network (ANN) approaches for the stochastic modeling of the monthly mean streamflow of Karasu River located in the Upper Euphrates River Basin in the Eastern Anatolia part of Turkey. The ANN ap- proaches used in this study are well known one-hidden layer feed forward back propagation (FFBP) architecture trained with the error back propagation and a variant of radial basis networks called Generalized Regression Neural Networks (GRNN). The study shows that the GRNN performs very well in the prediction of the hydro- logical time series. The performance of the GRNN is also found to be comparable with that of FFBP.
Predictive Validity of a Selection Procedure for Air Traffic Controller Trainees

The job of an air traffic controller (ATCO) is very specific and demanding. The assessment of potential suitable candidates requires a customized and efficient selection procedure. The German Aerospace Center DLR conducts a highly selective, multiple-stage selection procedure for ab initio ATCO applicants for the German Air Navigation Service Provider DFS. Successful applicants start their training with a training phase at the DFS Academy and then continue with a unit training phase in live traffic. ATCO validity studies are scarcely reported in the international scientific literature and have mainly been conducted in a military context with only small and male samples. This validation study encompasses the data from 430 DFS ATCO trainees, starting with candidate selection and extending to the completion of their training. Validity analyses involved the prediction of training success and several training performance criteria derived from initial training. The final training success rate of about 79% was h.
Frequency of Dyslipidemia in Ischemic Stroke Patients Presented to Tertiary Care Hospital of Lahore

Background and Aim: A stroke, also known as a cerebrovascular accident, is defined as the sudden onset of a focal neurologic deficit caused by a disruption in blood flow to parts of the brain. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency of dyslipidemia in stroke patients. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 184 stroke patients in Medical department of Services Hospital, Lahore for duration of six months i.e from November 2020 to June 2021. All the stroke patients admitted during the study period were enrolled. Demographic details, past medical and family history, stroke risk factors, blood pressure, body mass index, and diabetic state were noted. Fasting blood samples were taken from individuals of stroke diagnosed based on CT scan. Lipid profiles including triacylglycerol, cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, low-density lipoproteins, and glycosylated hemoglobin were all measured from an individual blood samples. SPSS version 20 was used for data analysis. Results: Of the total 184 stroke patients, 123 (66.8%) were male patients while 61 (33.2%) were females. The overall mean age was 41.35±12.76 years whereas the mean body mass index was 37.61±10.91 Kg/m2. Out of 184 patients, the prevalence of prevalent risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and smoking was found 146 (79.5%), 89 (48.2%), and 58 (31.7%) respectively. The prevalence of Hypercholesterolemia (mg/dl), Hypertriglyceridemia (mg/dl), High LDL (mg/dl) levels, high VLDL (mg/dl), and low HDL was 49 (26.4%), 37 (20.1%), 31 (16.8%), 23 (12.5%), and 13 (7.1%) respectively. The abnormalities in HbA1c and fasting blood glucose were found in 93 (50.6%) and 95 (51.4%). Conclusion: Dyslipidemia was more prevalent in ischemic stroke patients. The smoker and male population are more susceptible to stroke risks that involve high LDL, high HbA1c, low HDL, hypertension, and higher fast blood glucose. Family history and diabetes are other risk factors for stroke. Appropriate intrusion for alteration of uneven lipid profile can improve stroke prognosis and prevention Keywords: Dyslipidemia; Ischemic Stroke, Cholesterol
Low loss and high extinction ratio strictly nonblocking 16/spl times/16 thermooptic matrix switch on 6-in wafer using silica-based planar lightwave circuit technology

We describe a silica-based 16/spl times/16 strictly nonblocking thermooptic matrix switch with a low loss and a high extinction ratio. This matrix switch, which employs a double Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) switching unit and a matrix arrangement to reduce the total waveguide length, is fabricated with 0.75% refractive index difference waveguides on a 6-in silicon wafer using silica-based planar lightwave circuit (PLC) technology. We obtained an average insertion loss of 6.6 dB and an average extinction ratio of 53 dB in the worst polarization case. The operating wavelength bandwidth completely covers the gain band of practical erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs). The total power consumption needed for operation is reduced to 17 W by employing a phase-trimming technique which eliminates the phase-error in the interferometer switching unit.
Evaluation of phytochemicals, enzyme inhibitory, antibacterial and antioxidant effects of Psydrax dicoccos Gaertn

Abstract The study was aimed to investigate the phytochemical composition, antioxidant, antibacterial and enzyme inhibitory effects of Psydrax dicoccos leaf (PDL). Hydroalcoholic extract (HAE) was recorded with high concentration of total phenolics (59.68 ± 0.3 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (57.85 ± 0.5 mgQRE/g) and proanthocyanidin (24.98 ± 0.17 mgAAE/g). Ethyl acetate (31.76 ± 1.52 mgQE/g), methanolic (34.99 ± 0.16 mgAAE/g) and aqueous (75.00 ± 0.30 mgGAE/g) extracts showed a high amount of total flavanols, vitamin E and total tannins, respectively. GC-MS analysis facilitated the identification of 56 metabolites with squalene and cinnamic acid as prominent compounds. HAE showed moderate α-amylase (IC50 of 48.94 ± 0.5 µg/mL) and α-glucosidase (IC50 of 46.98 ± 0.5 µg/mL) inhibitory activities. HAE is also perceived as a potent radical scavenger, reducing agent, metal chelating power, and total antioxidant capacity. For antibacterial activity, the aqueous extract was most effective with the MIC ranged from 87.5 to 175 µg/mL. Further characterization and in vivo studies are suggested to validate its traditional claim as a potential source of therapeutic agents. Graphical Abstract