Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Higher soil temperatures cause faster running and more efficient homing in the temperate thermophilous ant Formica cinerea (Hymeno ptera: Formicidae)

Thermophilous ants, which live in many places at very different latitudes, can on occasion face similar thermal conditions. The temperature of the sand in a Euro-Siberian forest clearing can reach 61 °C, a temperature that is above the thermal maximum of most foraging ants. Therefore, we expect that temperature may have a similar effect on the foraging strategy of species living there, for example, Formica cinerea , as it has on the foraging strategy of typical thermal specialists. We experimentally tested in the field whether workers with higher mean speed are more efficient than slower individuals by comparing their path shapes as they return to the nest. More specifically, we asked whether workers’ time taken to return to the nest and the straightness of their paths from the feeder to the nest are affected by workers’ speed and surface temperature. As temperature increases, workers walk faster and take less time to return to the nest. The speed of workers influences the straightness of their path from the feeder to the nest – the workers with the higher mean speed take a less sinuous return path to the nest. We conclude that workers with higher mean speed are more efficient than slower individuals
Examining the Impact of Fragmented Learning on Education: Empirical Evidence from SOR Theory Analysis

In recent years, the integration of technology and education has led to the emergence of a highly fragmented, flexible, and ubiquitous learning environment. Concurrently, the popularity of short videos has presented an opportunity to explore their potential for fragmented learning. This study aims to investigate the impact of several factors, including system quality, information quality, metacognition, perceived autonomy, perceived usefulness, motivation, and learning engagement, on fragmented learning among college students. A survey questionnaire was distributed to 297 college students, and a continuous intention model, based on the Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-O-R) theory, was constructed to analyze the factors influencing students' intent to continue using short videos for learning purposes. We conducted empirical research by using SPSS and AMOS software. The findings indicate that perceived usefulness, learning motivation, and learning input significantly influence continued intention, with learning input having the greatest impact. Moreover, system quality, information quality, metacognition, and perceived autonomy significantly affect perceived usefulness, motivation, and learning engagement, respectively. Among these factors, metacognition exerts the most significant influence on perceived usefulness, learning motivation, and learning engagement. This paper provides valuable insights and guidance for developing educational functions for short videos.
Hábitos alimentarios de la población adolescente de las Illes Balears

espanolResum Introduccio: Els habits alimentaris de la poblacio de les Illes Balears eren un bon exemple de Dieta Mediterranea i estaven en linea amb les Guies Dietetiques. Malauradament, en els estudis recents en poblacion adulta, es va assenyalar que aquests patrons de consum s? estaven abandonant sobretot entre les generacions joves. Contingut de la investigacio: L? objeticu general es coneixer els habits alimentaris de la poblacio adolescent (12-17 anys) de les Illes Balears a traves d? un estudi epidemiologic descriptiu transversal multicentric realitzat entre els anys 2007-2008. Conclusio: Els adolescents de les Illes Balears mostren en general, un abandonament de la Dieta Mediterrnea i una alimentacio allunyada de la distribucio descrita a la piramide alimentaria. Com a consequencia, s? allunyen dels nivells recomanats d? ingestes diaries de nutrients i presenten un elevat risc nutricional, amb diferencies entre les diferents illes. Resumen Introduccion: En las Islas Baleares los habitos alimentarios de su poblacion eran un buen ejemplo de Dieta Mediterranea y estaban en linea con las Guias Dieteticas. Sin embargo, en los recientes estudios en poblacion adulta, se senalo dichos patrones de consumo se estaban abandonando progresivamente sobretodo entre las generaciones jovenes. Contenido de la investigacion: El objetivo general es conocer los habitos alimentarios de la poblacion adolescente (12-17 anos) de las Islas Baleares a traves de un estudio epidemiologico descriptivo transversal multicentrico llevado a cabo entre los anos 2007-2008. Conclusion: Los adolescentes de las Islas Baleares muestran, en general, un abandono de la Dieta Mediterranea y una alimentacion alejada de la distribucion descrita en la piramide alimentaria. Como consecuencia de ello, se alejan de los niveles recomendados de ingestas diarias de nutrientes y presentan un elevado riesgo nutricional, aunque con diferente incidencia en cada una de las islas. EnglishAbstract Introduction: Dietary habits of Balearic Islands? population are a good example of Mediterranean Diet and meet dietary recommendations. However, it has been lately pointed out that this population is leaving this healthy dietary pattern, especially among young people. Aims: The main aim is to know the dietary habits of the Balearic Islands? adolescents (12-17 years), by means a cross-sectional epidemiologic study performed during 2007-2008. Conclusions: The Balearic Islands? adolescents highly leave the Mediterranean Diet, and their food consumption pattern is far away from the recommendations described in the food pyramid. Accordingly, they present a low intake of several nutrients and a high nutritional risk. Differences between food consumption patterns in the different islands were also found.
CHOROLOGY AND PHYTOCOENOTIC CONTEXT OF SAPONARIA BELLIDIFOLIA SM. WITHIN THE APUSENI MOUNTAINS (SOUTHEASTERN CARPATHIANS, ROMANIA)

: We studied the chorology and the community context of the rare S. bellidifolia , based on synthetic phytosociological data and mathematical models. 78 original and 139 phytosociological relevés extracted from literature were used to calculate the constancy, fidelity and indicator value of S. bellidifolia for each plant community. Its floristic relationships were explored with Spearman correlations, Fisher’s exact test and binomial logistic regressions. A chorological map of the species within Apuseni Mts. was drawn. The target species registered the highest constancy (with significant fidelity values) only within the Festuca pallens - and Carex humilis communities and the highest abundance within the Teucrium montanum - and Festuca pallens - communities. Its interspecific associations were very weak, whereas its occurrence was best predicted by the abundance of Festuca pallens , Teucrium montanum and Anthericum ramosum . All results were discussed in the light of community dynamics.
Here's a Tip: Prosocial Gratuities Are Linked to Corruption

We investigated the link between tipping, an altruistic act, and bribery, an immoral act. We found a positive relationship between these two seemingly unrelated behaviors, using archival cross-national data for 32 countries, and controlling for per capita GDP, income inequality, and other factors. Countries that had higher rates of tipping behavior tended to have higher rates of corruption. We suggest that this surprising association may be accounted for by temporal focus—people may tip and bribe others in order to receive special services in the future. Indeed, in a pair of follow-up survey studies, we find evidence that the link between tipping and bribery can be partly accounted for by prospective orientation.
Super Learner Analysis of Electronic Adherence Data Super Learner Analysis of Electronic Adherence Data Improves Viral Prediction and May Provide Improves Viral Prediction and May Provide Strategies for Selective HIV RNA Monitoring Strategies for Selective HIV RNA Monitoring

Objective— Regular HIV RNA testing for all HIV positive patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) is expensive and has low yield since most tests are undetectable. Selective testing of those at higher risk of failure may improve efficiency. We investigated whether a novel analysis of adherence data could correctly classify virological failure and potentially inform a selective testing strategy. Design— Multisite prospective cohort consortium. Methods— We evaluated longitudinal data on 1478 adult patients treated with ART and monitored using the Medication Event Monitoring System (MEMS) in 16 United States cohorts contributing to the MACH14 consortium. Since the relationship between adherence and virological failure is complex and heterogeneous, we applied a machine-learning algorithm (Super Learner) to build a model for classifying failure and evaluated its performance using cross-validation. Results— Application of the Super Learner algorithm to MEMS data, combined with data on CD4+ T cell counts and ART regimen, significantly improved classification of virological failure over a single MEMS adherence measure. Area under the ROC curve, evaluated on data not used in model fitting, was 0.78 (95% CI: 0.75, 0.80) and 0.79 (95% CI: 0.76, 0.81) for failure defined as single HIV RNA level >1000 copies/ml or >400 copies/ml, respectively. Our results suggest 25– 31% of viral load tests could be avoided while maintaining sensitivity for failure detection at or above 95%, for a cost savings of $16–$29 per person-month. Conclusions— Our findings provide initial proof-of-concept for the potential use of electronic medication adherence data to reduce costs through behavior-driven HIV RNA testing.
Price Discovery Share: An Order Invariant Measure of Price Discovery

To address the order-dependence of Hasbrouck’s (1995) information share (IS) measure of a market’s contribution to price discovery, we propose a closely related measure, which we call price discovery share (PDS), that is simple to compute, easy to interpret, order invariant, and unique. Our PDS measure is motivated by a widely used method in portfolio risk management to additively decompose portfolio volatility into asset specific contributions. We show analytically and through simulations that PDS provides advantages over IS and the modified IS by Lien and Shrestha (2009)
Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society

Decision-making is often hierarchical and approximate in nature: decisions are not being made based on actual observations, but on intermediate variables that themselves have to be inferred. Recently, we showed that during sequential perceptual decision-making, those conditions induce characteristic temporal biases that depend on the balance of sensory and category information present in the stimulus. Here, we show that the same model makes predictions for when observers will be over-conﬁdent and when they will be under-conﬁdent with respect to a Bayesian observer. We tested these predictions by collecting new data in a dual-report decision-making task. We found that for most participants the bias in conﬁdence judgments changed in the predicted direction for stimulus changes that led them from over-weighting early evidence to equal weighting of evidence or over-weighting of late evidence. Our results suggest that approximate hierarchical inference might provide the computational basis for biases beyond low-level perceptual decision-making, including those affecting higher level cognitive functions like conﬁdence judgements.
ANNALES DE L’INSTITUT FOURIER

— In this paper we study multi-dimensional words generated by ﬁxed points of substitutions by projecting the integer points on the corresponding broken halﬂine. We show for a large class of substitutions that the resulting word is the restriction of a linear function modulo 1 and that it can be decided whether the resulting word is space ﬁlling or not. The proof uses lattices and the abstract number system associated with the substitution. Résumé. — Dans cet article nous étudions des mots multidimensionnels engen-drés par des points ﬁxes de substitutions, et obtenus en projetant les points entiers sur la demi-droite brisée correspondante. Nous montrons que pour une grande classe de substitutions le mot correspondant est la restriction d’une fonction li-néaire modulo 1 et qu’il est possible de décider si le mot résultant remplit l’espace. La preuve utilise des réseaux et le système de numération abstrait associé à la substitution.
Transformational change through digital servitization

Manufacturers increasingly look to digitalization to drive service growth; however, success is far from guaranteed, and many firms focus too much on technology. Adopting a discovery-oriented, theory in-use approach, and this study examines the strategic organizational shifts that underpin digital servitization. Notwithstanding strong managerial and academic interest, this link between digitalization and servitization is still under-investigated. Using depth interviews with senior executives and managers in a global market leader, the authors identify three interconnected shifts that a firm and its network need to accomplish in their digital transformation: (1) from certainty to discover, (2) from authority to partnership, and (3) from scarcity to abundance. In this transformation, the mechanisms of innovation, collaboration, and dematerialization play a key role. For managers, our study suggests a comprehensive set of strategic initiatives that is needed for a firm to become digitally servitized.
Volterra integral equations associated with a class of nonlinear operators in Hilbert spaces

-Let H be a real Hilbert space. We study the nonlinear Volterra equation where b and F are respectively a scalar and a vector valued function and A is a (possibly multivalued) operator not necessarily monotone. Under suitable hypotheses we prove various existence, uniqueness and regularity results for the solution u. Some examples which illustrate the abstract results are presented.
Rentabilidad de los Bancos Comerciales en Portugal y España: Un modelo de Análisis de Datos de Panel Profitability of Commercial Banks in Portugal and Spain: A Panel Data Analysis Model

The Portuguese and Spanish banking system, in the framework of the economic and financial crisis suffered a significant reduction in the profitability of its banking business. Taking into consideration the problem of profitability in the banking sector at a global level, some studies have been increasingly highlighted both in academia and in the financial market. Thus, this paper aims to analyze the determinants of banking profitability of banks operating in two different financial systems, Portugal and Spain, for the periods from 2014 to 2019. To obtain the results, we used a panel data analysis model that combines cross-section (banks) and time-series (years) data, obtaining a strongly balanced panel. Multiple linear regression models were
Returning to the own body: Dance Movement Therapy and Eating Disorders

Eating disorders produce the highest mortality rate in the field of mental disorders. Their prevalence has increased remarkably in recent decades. Its multicausal origin and changes in diagnostic criteria increase its complexity. There is still a long way to go, on the one hand in preventing them, but also in the search for effective treatments that guarantee adherence to treatment and avoid relapses. This article shows an overview of eating disorders and presents Dance Movement Therapy (DMT), one of the creative therapies, as a psychotherapeutic app-roach of great interest when working with persons suffering from eating disorders. DMT uses creative movement, analysis of movement patterns, symbolism, metaphor, and kinaesthetic empathy in a therapeutic context. Its differentiating characteristics and evidence-based research on its efficacy in the clinical setting are presented. The areas of intervention and the general objectives to work with this population are also offered, without intending to be exhaustive. To end
Investigating the Psychological Effects Associated Investigating the Psychological Effects Associated with Motor Neuron Degeneration in Persons with Motor Neuron Degeneration in Persons Diagnosed with ALS Diagnosed with ALS

Investigation of the psychological effects of a terminal condition, wherein current care plans are primarily focused on physical rehabilitation and pain management, is crucial. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis enacts irreversible damage to the body of those diagnosed, resulting in neurodegenerative processes that cause paralysis and eventually respiratory failure. There is no known cure or cause, which eliminates many traditional treatment avenues. Though the disease wreaks havoc on the muscular systems of the body there are no direct effects that degrade mental processing, leaving the individual experiencing the condition an aware witness to their own functional loss. Creating a multidisciplinary approach inclusion of psychological care of both the person with the condition, as well as their family and caregivers, is integral to appropriately providing support. A community-based approach to caring and supporting those with ALS is integral to a comprehensive plan for addressing this terminal illness.
Séminaire Laurent Schwartz EDP et applications

The Benjamin-Ono equation was introduced by Ben-jamin in 1967 as a model for a special regime of internal gravity waves at the interface of two ﬂuids. This nonlinear dispersive equation admits a Lax pair structure involving nonlocal operators of Toeplitz type on the Hardy space. In the case of periodic boundary conditions, the spectral study of these Lax operators allows us to construct a nonlinear Fourier transform which conjugates the Benjamin–Ono dynamics to advection with constant velocity on tori. This construction has several applications: low regularity well-posedness of the initial value problem, long time behaviour of solutions and stability of traveling waves. This is a short report on these results, recently obtained in collaboration with T. Kappeler and P. Topalov.
The Journal of Entrepreneurial Finance The Journal of Entrepreneurial Finance

Existing theories of the firm are silent with respect to cross-sectional differences in performance or characteristics of firms attributable to different types of managers. We hypothesize that the investment, financing and dividend deci­ sions of founders differ systematically from those of nonfounder managers as a result of 1) founders valuing control more highly than do nonfounders, a con­ dition we refer to as the control retention effect, and 2) founders being associ­ ated with younger, faster growing firms, a condition we label the life cycle effect. Our findings are that both effects are at work, but in different decision areas. No evidence is found that founders exploit their status to extract higher direct compensation.
Assessement of different materials used for fabrication of �xed free �xed dental prostheses. Finite element analysis

Objectives this research assessed three materials to be used for fabrication of �xed free �xed dental prosthesis using �nite element analysis, total deformation, Von Mises stress maximum amounts and sites on the bone, and the �xed dental prosthesis body were compared. Methods 3D �nite element model was made for the tested �xed dental prosthesis and a contact scanner was used. A �xed free dental prosthesis restoring the maxillary �rst premolar where second premolar with �rst molar were the supporting abutments that were scanned. Porcelain fused to metal, CEREC Tessera (Dentsply Sirona) and Poly-Ether-Ketone-Ketone were assessed as �xed free dental prosthesis materials. Cement thickness was adjusted to 40 microns. 100 N vertical load was applied to the central fossa of the pontic in the model.
Plant water use and canopy-fog interactions across a land use change trajectory of pasture to pine reforestation in a seasonally dry tropical montane cloud belt

PLANT WATER USE AND CANOPY-FOG INTERACTIONS ACROSS A LAND USE CHANGE TRAJECTORY OF PASTURE TO PINE REFORESTATION IN A SEASONALLY DRY TROPICAL MONTANE CLOUD BELT by Maria Susana Alvarado Barrientos University of New Hampshire, May, 2013 Understanding evapotranspiration (ET) variation associated with land use change is critical for assessing impacts on water resources and improving the applicability of climate models to predict water availability under future climate scenarios. The overall objective was two-fold: i) to examine ET variation associated to a land use change trajectory foreseen to increase in tropical mountains, and ii) to assess fog effects on tree transpiration (Et) and the potential implications of projected diminishing fog occurrence. An actively grazed pasture (PAS) represented the land use change baseline, and young (YREF) and mature (MREF) Pinus patula plantations represented typical reforestation efforts and subsequent local forest management. A combination of process-based measurements of near-surface climate and plant physiology were used to derive rates of Ex and ET over a 1.5-year period in the seasonally dry tropical montane cloud belt of central Veracruz, Mexico. Four stand-alone articles are presented. In the first chapter, sap velocity radial profiles are studied in detail as a critical initial step in up-scaling point measurements to whole-tree sapflow and deriving reliable estimates of stand-level Et. The second chapter presents ET estimations for the three land cover types. Ranking of ET normalized by available energy (net radiation) was: PAS (0.80) = YREF (0.80) > MREF (0.42). Results suggest that in this high radiation and non-water limited environment, planting P. patula on former pasture uplands would not result in substantial increases in ET after >10 years of planting. Next, the Et suppression effect of fog was examined in the third chapter. Given relatively low fog frequency under current climate, if all fog occurrences are replaced by overcast conditions, the potential change in annual Ex for YREF was estimated as a 2% increase; for sunny conditions, the increase was 17%. Lastly, in chapter 4, examination of nighttime Et in relation to the dynamics of fog occurrence revealed a slight increase in hourly rates during dry nights following fog events. These findings suggest that climate change-related decreases in dry-season precipitation, more than diminishing fog occurrence alone, presents a worrisome prospect for the study area due to potential reductions in soil water reserves.