PENEGAKAN HUKUM TERHADAP TINDAK PIDANAPERLADANGAN DAN PERKEBUNAN LIARDI TAMAN NASIONAL KELIMUTU

ABSTRAK Fransiskus Xaverius Ngilo Rodja, S.330811004 “Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Tindak Pidana Perladangan dan Perkebunan Liar di Taman Nasional Kelimutu. ” Tesis: Program Pasca Sarjana Ilmu Hukum Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penyebab terhambatnya penegakan hukum terhadap tindak pidana perladangan dan perkebunan liar di Taman Nasional Kelimutu, serta bagaimana upaya penanggulangannya. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian non-doktrinal, dengan sifat penelitian deskriptif dan bentuk penelitian diagnostik yang mendasarkan pada konsep hukum yang ke-5 yaitu hukum adalah manifestasi makna-makna simbolik para prilaku sosial sebagai tampak dalam interaksi antar mereka. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan studi kepustakaan dan studi lapangan guna memperoleh data skunder dan data primer. Analisis data menggunakan metode kualitatif. Hasil penelitian diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa penegakan hukum terhadap tindak pidana perladangan dan perkebunan liar di Taman Nasional Kelimutu masih mengalami hambatan dipengaruhi oleh: (1) Berdasarkan kajian subtansi hukum yaitu peraturan perundang-undangan yang menjadi acuan untuk mengatur tindak pidana perladangan dan perkebunan liar masih banyak mengandung kelemahan (2) Berdasarkan kajian struktur hukum yaitu jumlah dan kualitas aparat penegak hukum di bidang kehutanan masih terbatas, belum optimalnya penggunaan sarana dan prasarana yang dimiliki, Inkonsistensi kebijakan penanganan terhadap tindak pidana, koordinasi lintas sektoral antara sesama penegak hukum belum berjalan efektif, (3) Berdasarkan kajian budaya hukum yaitu budaya internal yang dipengaruhi oleh kesadaran dan pengetahuan hukum petugas masih rendah dan budaya hukum eksternal masyarakat sekitar kawasan hutan yang paternalistik, kemiskinan dan tidak berfungsinya hukum adat. Upaya yang disarankan untuk mencegah dan menanggulangi tindak pidana perladangan dan perkebunan liar di TN. Kelimutu adalah melalui upaya penal dan upaya non penal yang integratif. Adapun upaya dimaksud adalah: Merevisi peraturan perundang undangan serta kebijakan non penal melalui Peniadaan faktor kondusif terjadinya perladangan dan perkebunan liar dengan memperbaiki kondisi-kondisi sosial tertentu, namun secara tidak langsung mempunyai pengaruh preventif terhadap kejahatan Kata kunci: Penegakan hukum, tindak pidana, perladangan dan perkebunan liar, Taman Nasional. ABSTRACT Fransiskus Xaverius Ngilo Rodja. S330811004. “The Law Enforcement on Criminal Offense of Illegal Farming and Plantation at National Park”. Thesis: The Graduate Program in Law Science, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta. The objective of this research is to investigate why the law enforcement on the criminal offense of illegal farming and plantation at Kelimutu National Park is hampered, and what solution shall be taken in an attempt to prevent it through the criminal policy by using a means of a penal law and a non-penal law. This research used the non-doctrinal descriptive diagnostic research method with the approach based on the fifth legal concept, in which the law is defined as manifestation of symbolic meanings of social behaviors as indicated by the interaction among them. The data of the research were gathered through field study and library research so as to obtain primary and secondary data. They were then analyzed by using the qualitative interactive model of analysis. The result of the analysis shows that the law enforcement on the criminal offense of illegal farming and plantation at Kelimutu National Park is hampered by the following: (1) based on the study of legal substance, that is, the laws which are the references for regulating the criminal offense of illegal farming and plantation still contain many weaknesses; (2) based on the study of legal structure, the number and quality of law enforcements are still limited, the facility and infrastructure owned have not been used optimally, there are inconsistencies in the policy of handling the forestry offenses, and the inter-sector coordination among the law enforcement apparatuses has not run effectively; and (3) based on the legal culture, the internal culture influenced by the legal awareness and knowledge of the apparatuses is still low, in term of external legal culture the society residing around the forest area is paternalistic and poor, and the customary law does not function as expected. The efforts proposed to deal with the criminal offense of illegal farming and plantation at Kelimutu National Park are the integrated penal and non-penal ones such as revising the prevailing laws and regulations and non-penal policies through the abolishment of conducive factors for illegal farming and plantation by improving certain social conditions, but at the same time indirectly having preventive effects on such offenses. Keywords: Law enforcement, offense, illegal farming and plantation, and National Park