Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Decision Making in a Fuzzy Environment and its Management to the Diminishing Manufacturing Sources and Material Shortage Problems

The paper formulated a proposed methodology to manage diminishing manufacturing sources and material shortage (DMS) with conclusions and recommendations on the subject of component obsolescence management in a military electronic support environment. By assessing applicable literature as well as feedback and lessons learned from relevant support projects, a strategy for the management of component obsolescence is proposed. The aim of the research is to explore the problem of managing DMS strategies by the method of project management and describes the risk of running distinct strategies to solve problems of DMS by fuzzy theory and possibility theory. Based on the results, this paper can be applied to support businesses quickly to determine the Strategies Combination, Resource Allocation and Inventory by using the model and genetic algorithm. A case study of an aerospace industry is used to illustrate the concept developed, which would be meaningful to reduce applicable obsolescence risks and thereby reducing related inventory and manpower costs.
Adaptive reuse and sustainability of commercial buildings

Purpose – To investigate the viability of adaptive reuse of commercial buildings and the impact it has on the sustainability of existing built environment in Western Australia.Design/methodology/approach – A survey of building owners in Western Australia and a review of literature concerning adaptive reuse of commercial buildings.Findings – The concept of adaptation is supported by building owners and there is a strong intuition/perception that adaptive reuse serves the key concepts of sustainability. Building owners are considering adaptive reuse as a viable option to demolition and redevelopment of existing facilities.Research limitations/implications – The use of a structured questionnaire limits the depth of responses in the study. A follow up study using interviews would allow further because it does not allow probing, prompting and clarification of the issues addressed.Practical implications – Results from this research has implications for building owners and managers as it will eventually provide .
AC electromigration characterization and modeling of multilayered interconnects

The AC electromigration of multilayered interconnect systems consisting of TiW-AlSiCu and CVD W-AlSiCu is studied under stress of repetitive dual-pulse current waveforms at 2 MHz. By using a general AC waveform in which the peak current density of the first pulse j/sub 1/ is fixed and the second is varied from +j/sub 1/ to -j/sub 1/, a continuous electromigration spectrum from DC through pulsed DC to pure AC conditions is obtained. Although an average current model fits the data well, there is a singularity in the median time-to-failure at pure-AC conditions. To avoid this singularity, a modification of the average current model, called the average current recovery model, is developed. It heuristically accounts for the degree of damage recovery during opposite-polarity pulses through a single recovery parameter. <<ETX>>
High-quality edge match with simplified SGM algorithm

This paper presents our research on implementing SGM to obtain reliable edge points from intensity indoor image pair. To this end, the most basic theory of SGM is first outlined and with concern to the inherent nature of edge points, facts that take much advantage of SGM features are summarized as well. Next, we make discussion on detail procedures of edge matching with simplified SGM algorithm, in which gradient magnitude images is used to compute mutual information match cost and the matching costs of detected edge points are aggregated. Finally, the edge matching result with presented technique clearly demonstrates higher reliability and efficiency. Valuable conclusions are given as well.
Bistable microvalve with pneumatically coupled membranes

The paper reports on a novel bistable electrostatic actuator with pneumatic coupling. Two buckled Si/SiO/sub 2/ membranes span over connected air filled cavities with enclosed driving electrodes. The membranes operate in counteraction. If one electrode is pulled down electrostatically, the other is pushed up pneumatically, and vice versa. The actuator module is designed to achieve a deflection of /spl plusmn/10 /spl mu/m and will be integrated in a microvalve for liquids. With first completed actuator modules the electrostatic/pneumatic driving principle could be demonstrated. Grey-tone lithography has been developed to fabricate curved driving electrodes on the cavity bottom. It is calculated that compared to flat electrodes the driving voltage then can be reduced up to a factor of five. The curved cavity bottom also improves the pneumatic coupling since the enclosed air volume is minimized.
An easy brain thick‐section‐clearing protocol to observe antigens in the brains of neurological disease mouse models by conventional epifluorescence and confocal laser scanning microscopy

We developed a brain thick‐section‐clearing (BTS‐C) procedure to observe coronal sections of the entire mouse brain with conventional epifluorescence microscopy (EFM). After clearing with the BTS procedure, the white light transmittance of the 1‐mm‐thick mouse brain sections was more than 96%. The distribution patterns of amyloid plaques or α‐synuclein in 1‐mm‐thick brain sections of five different mouse strains cleared with this procedure were easily observed by EFM. In addition, the detailed distribution of antigens at higher magnifications was revealed by observing the same slides with a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). In conclusion, we have shown that the BTS protocol can replace laborious and time‐consuming semi‐thin‐sectioning procedures, and the cleared 1‐mm‐thick sections can be examined by EFM and CLSM to elucidate the distribution patterns of antigens.
An Architecture for Collaborative Terrain Sketching with Mobile Devices

3D terrains used in digital animations and videogames are typically created by several collaborators with a single-user application, which constrains them to update the shared terrain from their PCs, using a turn-taking strategy. Moreover, collaborators have to visualize the terrain through 2D views, confusing novice users when conceiving its shape in 3D. In this article, we describe an architecture for collaborative applications, which allow co-located users to sketch a terrain using their mobile devices concurrently. Two interaction modes are supplied: the standard one and an augmented reality-based mode, which helps collaborators understand the 3D terrain shape. Using the painting with brushesparadigm, users can modify the terrain while visualizing its shape evolution through the camera of their devices. Work coordination is promoted by enriching the 3D space with each collaborator’s avatar, which provides awareness information about identity, location, and current action. We implemented a collaborative application from this architecture that was tested by groups of users, who assessed its hedonic and pragmatic qualities in both interaction modes and compared them with the qualities of a similar Web terrain editor. The results showed that the augmented reality mode of our prototype was considered more attractive and usable by the participants.
SiC Current Limiting FETs (CLFs) for DC Applications

To address safety issue of DC networks in distribution and generation plants, a specific Current Limiting FET has been design. The fabricated power switch is able to operate in both forward and reverse conduction mode. Short-circuit time to failure has been adjust and a current sensing electrode as been added to ease the monitoring and the drive of this switch. Fabricated devices have been packaged in TO3 metal can, providing good heat conduction and durability. A maximum short circuit energy of 70J/cm2 as been measured for a IN = 6 A VBR = 1800 V rated device, corresponding to a short-circuit time before failure of tCC = 21ms under VDC = 300 V .
From 5G to 6G: key drivers, applications and research directions

The world is on the cusp of experiencing beyond 5G and it will surely reshape our lives in the most effective way. The fourth industrial revolution has been laid upon the pillars of 5G, cloud computing, and machine learning. We are on the verge of a merger of the physical world with the digital world. This article aims to peek into the future, in an era beyond 5G. To see a wireless world, 5G has to evolve to 6G. This article highlights the challenges posed by the dynamically disruptive emerging technologies, highly sophisticated applications, and unlimited data handling in an era of 5G, which will drift towards 6G in near future. The article presents the vision for 6G, key enabling technologies for 6G, and finally the bottleneck constraints and future research directions for beyond 5G. We foresee that 6G will be the key technology for sustainable development in highly populated developing countries and far-flung areas with sparsely spread populations. We stress upon 5G and beyond research to have an inbuilt societal awareness of the users about the social impacts and the use of the advanced technologies.
The Adaptation and Tolerance of Major Cereals and Legumes to Important Abiotic Stresses

Abiotic stresses, including drought, extreme temperatures, salinity, and waterlogging, are the major constraints in crop production. These abiotic stresses are likely to be amplified by climate change with varying temporal and spatial dimensions across the globe. The knowledge about the effects of abiotic stressors on major cereal and legume crops is essential for effective management in unfavorable agro-ecologies. These crops are critical components of cropping systems and the daily diets of millions across the globe. Major cereals like rice, wheat, and maize are highly vulnerable to abiotic stresses, while many grain legumes are grown in abiotic stress-prone areas. Despite extensive investigations, abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants is not fully understood. Current insights into the abiotic stress responses of plants have shown the potential to improve crop tolerance to abiotic stresses. Studies aimed at stress tolerance mechanisms have resulted in the elucidation of traits associated with tolerance in plants, in addition to the molecular control of stress-responsive genes. Some of these studies have paved the way for new opportunities to address the molecular basis of stress responses in plants and identify novel traits and associated genes for the genetic improvement of crop plants. The present review examines the responses of crops under abiotic stresses in terms of changes in morphology, physiology, and biochemistry, focusing on major cereals and legume crops. It also explores emerging opportunities to accelerate our efforts to identify desired traits and genes associated with stress tolerance.
Detecting Emotions through Electrodermal Activity in Learning Contexts: A Systematic Review

There is a strong increase in the use of devices that measure physiological arousal through electrodermal activity (EDA). Although there is a long tradition of studying emotions during learning, researchers have only recently started to use EDA to measure emotions in the context of education and learning. This systematic review aimed to provide insight into how EDA is currently used in these settings. The review aimed to investigate the methodological aspects of EDA measures in educational research and synthesize existing empirical evidence on the relation of physiological arousal, as measured by EDA, with learning outcomes and learning processes. The methodological results pointed to considerable variation in the usage of EDA in educational research and indicated that few implicit standards exist. Results regarding learning revealed inconsistent associations between physiological arousal and learning outcomes, which seem mainly due to underlying methodological differences. Furthermore, EDA frequently fluctuated during different stages of the learning process. Compared to this unimodal approach, multimodal designs provide the potential to better understand these fluctuations at critical moments. Overall, this review signals a clear need for explicit guidelines and standards for EDA processing in educational research in order to build a more profound understanding of the role of physiological arousal during learning.
Miniaturised dielectrically-loaded quadrifilar antenna for global positioning system (GPS)

A new approach to designing a handset antenna for satellite applications is reported. It is based on precise control of the phasing between two bifilar helices, giving accurate resonant frequency position and radiation pattern volute. Results show an antenna with a gain of -2 dBi, 19 dB discrimination between the right and left hand circular polarisations and an axial ratio less than 1 dB. The front-to-back ratio is 24 dB. A return loss of 14.6 dB is also measured.
A Low Cost Compact SiC/Si Hybrid Switch Gate Driver Circuit for Commonly Used Triggering Patterns

The hybrid switch (HyS) configured by paralleling silicon Si-IGBT and silicon carbide SiC-mosfet mosfet (SiC/Si HyS) has been widely investigated because of high efficiency as well as low cost. However, one of the main obstacles in the practical application of HyS is the complicated gate driver circuits. Generally, one HyS requires two driver chips and two driving signals to achieve flexible triggering patterns, which leads to more cost and more control complexity. To solve the problems, in this article, a compact gate driver circuit with one driver chip and one driving signal is proposed for HyS working in all commonly used triggering patterns. The operation principle, mathematical analysis of time delay, maximum switching frequency, and the relationship between delay time and triggering pattern are investigated in detail. The modeling and systematical analysis of the turning off transient process are given to clarify the current overshoot generation mechanism for the first time, which is helpful for the designer to consider the device ratio for the reliable operation of HyS. The merits of the proposed driver circuits are simple structure, low control complexity, and low cost, more importantly, providing more flexibility for realizing the commonly used triggering patterns. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed HyS gate driver circuit are evaluated by a 2-kW SiC/Si HyS Buck converter prototype with triggering patterns C, D, E, and F. The gate driver circuit with variable triggering patterns design guideline is outlined in this article, which helps the enterprise to integrate a new generation of driver circuit for HyS to facilitate the application of HyS as three terminals devices.
Study on the dielectric properties of biological cells using the electrokinetic method

Different from hard particles with an ordinary surface structure, a biological cell is a soft particle which can be described as a hard particle covered with an ion‐penetrable surface layer of polyelectrolytes. In this paper, according to the electrokinetic theory of suspension of soft particles, the colloid vibration current (CVI) model of suspended biological cells is investigated. A CVI measurement system is set up in which ultrasonic pulses of different intensities are calibrated and used. The experimental results on electrolyte solutions and cell suspensions show that CVI is closely related to the ion and cell concentration of the sample solution. Along with the increased concentration of ions or cells, the CVI signal increased initially and then decreased for electrolyte solutions, but it was the reverse for a chicken blood cell suspension but stayed almost constant for a spawn suspension. All these phenomena were caused by the interactive electrokinetic polarization of ions and cells under the action of ultrasonic pulses. Through the analysis of the electrokinetic course of the cell suspension, it was found that the amplitude and slope of the electrokinetic curve could be used to characterize the dielectric properties of cells. The electrokinetic model and CVI measurement system are rather feasible, as shown by the experimental results. The electrokinetic measurement method shows a new nondestructive way for studying the charging properties of biological cells, and the method has an inherent advantage for the real‐time study of the biological effects of ultrasound on cells. © 2012 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Expression and Purification along with Evaluation of Serological Response and Diagnostic Potential of Recombinant Sap2 Protein from C. parapsilosis for Use in Systemic Candidiasis

Systemic candidiasis is the fourth most common bloodstream infection in ICU patients worldwide. Although C. albicans is a predominant species causing systemic candidiasis, infections caused by non-albicans Candida (NAC) species are increasingly becoming more prevalent globally along with the emergence of drug resistance. The diagnosis of systemic candidiasis is difficult due to the absence of significant clinical symptoms in patients. We investigated the diagnostic potential of recombinant secreted aspartyl proteinase 2 (rSap2) from C. parapsilosis for the detection of Candida infection. The rSap2 protein was successfully cloned, expressed and purified using Ni-NTA chromatography under denaturing conditions using an E. coli-based prokaryotic expression system, and refolded using a multi-step dialysis procedure. Structural analysis by CD and FTIR spectroscopy revealed the refolded protein to be in its near native conformation. Immunogenicity analysis demonstrated the rSap2 protein to be highly immunogenic as evident from significantly high titers of Sap2-specific antibodies in antigen immunized Balb/c mice, compared to sham-immunized controls. The diagnostic potential of rSap2 protein was evaluated using immunoblotting and ELISA assays using proven candidiasis patient serum and controls. Immunoblotting results indicate that reactivity to rSap2 was specific to candidiasis patient sera with no cross reactivity observed in healthy controls. Increased levels of anti-Sap2-specific Ig, IgG and IgM antibodies were observed in candidiasis patients compared to controls and was similar in sensitivity obtained when whole Candida was used as coating antigen. In summary, the rSap2 protein from C. parapsilosis has the potential to be used in the diagnosis of systemic candidiasis, providing a rapid, convenient, accurate and cost-effective strategy.
Spread of Online Public Opinion of Animal Epidemic Emergency: A Case Study of the H7N9 Incident Based on Healthcare Data Analytics

Qualitative and quantitative analysis of online public opinion of the H7N9 animal epidemic incident in 2013 were conducted based on social network analysis (SNA) theories, SNA method, and life cycle theories. Trend and features of evolution of online public opinion of animal epidemic emergency were explored and structural characteristics of key nodes in these public opinion spreading networks were identified. The stages of spreading of public opinion of animal epidemics were investigated. This study provides references for the government to cope with online public opinion of animal epidemic emergencies in the future.
FAILURE DETECTION BY PILOTS DURING AUTOMATIC LANDING: MODELS AND EXPERIMENTS

A model of the pilot as a monitor of instrument failures during automatic landing is proposed. The failure detection model consists of two stages: a linear estimator (Kalman Filter) and a decision mechanism which is based on sequential analysis. The filter equations are derived from a simplified version of the linearized dynamics of the airplane and the control loop. The perceptual observation noise is modelled to include the effects of the partition of attention among the several instruments. The final result is a simple model consisting of a high pass filter to produce the observation residuals, and a decision function which is a pure integration of the residuals minus a bias term. The dynamics of a Boeing 707 were used to simulate the fully coupled final approach in a fixed base simulator which also included failures in the airspeed, glideslope, and localizer indicators. Subjects monitored the approaches and detected the failures; their performance was compared with the predictions of the model with good agreement between the experimental data and the model.
The Connection Between the Hadley Circulation and Meridional Structure of Tropical SST during ENSO from 1950 to 1977

The connection between the meridional structure of tropical sea surface temperature (SST) and the Hadley circulation (HC) under the effect of ENSO (El Niño Southern Oscillation) from 1950 to 1977 is studied. We decompose the HC and zonal mean SST into equatorially symmetric (HES for HC, SES for SST) and asymmetric variations (HEA for HC, SEA for SST) to discuss the modulation of their connection by ENSO. During El Niño events from 1950 to 1977, the HC is less sensitive to the different SST meridional structures and expressed by response ratio. The ratio in La Niña and neutral events is around 4, which is equivalent to the result in the climatology. The reason for the decreased ratio during El Niño events is explored. The interdecadal variation in the linkage between the HC and tropical SST is due to a clear interdecadal shift in the impacts of ENSO on the tropical Indian Ocean (TIO) SST. For the period 1950–1977, when El Niño events occur, larger SST warming amplitude is observed over the northern TIO (0°–15°N, 50°–100°E). However, the southern TIO (15°S–0°, 50°–100°E) shows greater warming amplitude during 1980–2016. The anomalous SST variation over the TIO linked to El Niño events alters the meridional SST distribution, inducing anomalies in the meridional circulation. These results can help us to understand the interdecadal modulation by ENSO of the relationship between tropical SST and the HC.
Numerical study on terahertz-source-based on difference generation intro OPO cavity

We numerically studied the terahertz wave generation in quasi phase matched Gallium Arsenide (QPM-GaAs) based on difference frequency generation (DFG) process between resonating signal and idler waves of the type-IIphase matched periodically poled LiNbO3 (PPLN) optical parametric oscillator (OPO). The optimal GaAs length for maximum conversion efficiency was obtained considering the wave propagation loss in the GaAs crystal by adding a loss term in the coupled wave equations.
Adjunctive Effect of Green Tea Mouthwash Prepared at Different Steeping Temperatures on Gingivitis: A Triple-Blind Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Purpose: To compare the effect of green tea mouthwashes prepared at different steeping temperatures as adjuncts to mechanical plaque control on gingivitis. Methods: Forty-five women with gingivitis participated in this 4-week randomized controlled clinical trial. They received professional mechanical plaque control and rinsed daily with either warm green tea, hot–cold green tea or placebo. Dental plaque control record (PCR) and gingival bleeding indices (GBI) were recorded at baseline and 7, 14 and 28 days after. Results: Participants’ mean age was 20.7 ± 2 years. The mean scores for the PCR and GBI at baseline were 82.4 ± 19 and 85.8 ± 7, respectively. All groups showed significant reduction in PCR and GBI between Days 0 and 28 (p < 0.01). No significant differences in PCR were observed between the groups at any of the examinations (p > 0.01). The warm green tea group demonstrated significantly lower GBI at all examinations compared to the hot–cold group (p < 0.01). Conclusions: Within study limits, green tea-made mouthwashes significantly reduced plaque and gingivitis when used as adjuncts to mechanical plaque control. The green tea mouthwash prepared in warm water demonstrated significantly higher efficacy in lowering gingivitis compared to that prepared in hot water followed by ice.