Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Magnesium Nutritional Status, Risk Factors, and the Associations with Glucose Parameters of Childbearing Women in the China Adult Chronic Disease and Nutrition Surveillance (2015)

Magnesium is an essential element and participates in many metabolic pathways. Inadequate magnesium levels may lead to various health problems such as type 2 diabetes (T2DM), hypertension, and cancer. But the role of Mg in childbearing women of China is still a relatively narrow researched field. We aimed to assess the Mg nutritional status, explore the risk factors of Mg deficiency, and the associations between Mg and glucose parameters among childbearing women in a nationally representative sample. A total of 1895 18–44 years childbearing women were recruited from the China Adult Chronic Disease and Nutrition Surveillance (2015). Multivariate logistic regression was used to explore the risk factors for Mg deficiency and estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for the risk of hyperglycemia. The mean value of Mg was 0.87 mmol/L and the prevalence of deficiency was 4.69%. The risk factors of Mg deficiency (Mg < 0.75 mmol/L) was city-type of rural (p = 0.045), while calcium (p = 0.001), LDL-C (p = 0.024), age group of 26–35 years (p = 0.016), 36–44 years (p = 0.006), and CNNM2 rs3740393 genotypes of GC (p = 0.027) were protective factors. It was also found that magnesium deficiency induces an increase in plasma glucose (p = 0.001). Compared with the reference range, Mg < 0.75 mmol/L would have a 6.53 fold risk for T2DM, a 5.31 fold risk for glucose-hyperglycemia, and a 9.60 fold risk for HbA1c-hyperglycemia. Consistently, there was a negative association between plasma Mg and blood glucose parameters in the dose–response study. More attention should be paid to the nutritional status of magnesium and the impact of magnesium deficiency on human health.
Diet, Oxidative Stress, and Blood Serum Nutrients in Various Types of Glaucoma: A Systematic Review

Glaucoma is one of the most common causes of irreversible vision loss worldwide. It is an insidious disease with a multifactorial pathogenesis. Despite progress in treatment methods, prevention and lifestyle modifications may be useful in slowing the progression of this disease. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the influence of diet, oxidative stress, and disturbances in blood serum levels of nutrients on the incidence and severity of glaucoma based on scientific reports on the role of nutrition in the pathogenesis and course of glaucoma. This paper presents an analysis of the above issues; however, further research is required to develop this topic. Future clinical trials are needed to assess the influence of nutrition and to develop nutritional management strategies for patients with glaucoma.
Research on application of efficient hash function in blockchain technology

With the wide application of Block chain, the phenomenon of malicious attack of Block chain also increases, which makes Block chain face the risk of data damage, tampering, leakage and so on. And with the increase of data and application, the efficiency of Block chain also needs to be improved. Aiming at the relatively low computational efficiency of the hash function in the block chain, which affects the overall computational efficiency of the block chain and even leads to the security hidden trouble in the block chain, a safe and efficient hash algorithm is proposed. The experimental results show that on the premise of ensuring the security of the algorithm, the efficiency of the hash algorithm is improved, so as to improve the performance of the block chain system.
Growth of ZnO Nanoflower Arrays on a Patterned Sapphire Substrate

In this study, we investigated a novel technology to grow the ZnO nanoflower arrays on a patterned sapphire substrate using hydrothermal method. The process to prepare the substrate and grow ZnO nanoflower arrays were that the patterned concave sapphire substrates were cleaned using acetone, isopropyl alcohol, and D.I. water in an ultrasonic cleaner. Al sacrificial layer with the thickness of 600 nm was deposited using a thermal evaporation technology. The sol-gel process was used to deposit the ZnO seed layer on the patterned concave sapphire substrates, and then the ZnO seed layer was annealed at 500°C in Ar ambient for 1 h. The optical grade silicone A-B glue was coated on the ZnO seed layer and then the mixed solution of K3Fe(CN)6 : KOH : H2O = 10 g : 1 g : 100 ml was used to etch the sacrificial Al layer. (f) A lift-off technology was used to move the ZnO seed layer/silicone A-B glue to silicon substrate. Finally, a hydrothermal method was used to grow the ZnO nanorods on the ZnO seed layer/silicone A-B glue/silicon substrate at 90oC with the different durations of 10 to 60 min. Focused ion beam system (FIB) was used to observe the cross sectional morphology of patterned ZnO seed layer. The crystal structural of the flower-like ZnO nanostructures was analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern, the morphological of the flower-like ZnO nanostructures was observed using FIB and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). Also, the optical properties of the flower-like ZnO nanostructures were investigated.
Prediction of spontaneous combustion in caving zone based on rough set and support vector machine

A approach to predict spontaneous combustion in caving zone by using rough set and support vector machine(RS-SVM) was proposed.The original sample data were preprocessed with the knowledge reduction algorithm of RS theory,and the redundant condition attributes and conflicting samples were eliminated from the working sample set to reduce space dimension of sample data.Preprocessed sample data were used as training sample data of SVM.With choosing an appropriate kernel function,the SVM parameters were optimized by using variable step search algorithm.Finally,a comparison of the performance of RS-SVM with SVM and neural networks was carried out.The experimental results show that the prediction based on RS-SVM can improve the training speed and precision of classification when the samples are limited.
Strategi Konservasi di Pulau Sulawesi dengan Menggunakan Tarsius sebagai Flagship Spesies

We present a strategy to preserve the biodiversity of Sulawesi and nearby islands chains. Sulawesi is the primary landmass in the biogeographic zone known as Wallacea, and is listed as one of the world’s top 25 hotspots at threat for major loss of biodiversity. Sulawesi is hypothesized to be subdivided into regions of endemism. We argue that the best strategy for preserving the totality of Sulawesi biodiversity, given that the vast bulk of that biodiversity remains virtually unstudied or even unknown, is to use biogeographic data to make a comprehensive map of regions of endemism in Sulawesi and to protect primary habitat in each region. We present a hypothesis that we call the “hybrid biogeographic hypothesis” that synthesizes two previous biogeografic hypotheses, one from empirical biological data and one from geologic data. We present a map of tarsier acoustic group distributions that offers heuristic evidence that the former hypothesis is more comprehensive than either of the latter two. We note that some of these regions have multiple conservation areas, while several others have none at all and can be thought of as “hotspots within the hotspot”. Evidence indicates that an endemic taxon of tarsier inhabits nearly every known endemic region of Sulawesi and surrounding island chains, although most of these taxa are undescribed. We propose to use tarsiers as flagship species to justify new conservation areas that will preserve primary habitat in those regions that currently lack them. Tarsiers are superior to other potential flagship species because they have the requisite charisma and are distributed throughout Sulawesi in a broad variety of habitats, but they do not eat agricultural products or have other characteristics that might engender local resentment to their conservation. This plan requires naming several new taxa of tarsiers, each of which requires reference material. Existing museum populations are inadequate for these needs and new museum specimens are required. We argue that the most beneficial way for this program to proceed is to trap wild tarsiers and house them in captivity until they expire naturally, at which time they will enter the collections of the Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense. While in captivity these tarsiers will provide enormous opportunities for research, training, education, and conservation. We will encounter local resistance to conserving tarsier populations because of false perceptions among inhabitants that tarsiers eat agricultural products, and this false belief must be corrected through community education. The critical condition of habitat destruction in Sulawesi warrants immediate action.
Some Linear Diophantine Fuzzy Similarity Measures and Their Application in Decision Making Problem

The uncertainty in the data information for decision making is a most challenging and critical fear. In order to reduce the uncertainty in the decision making expert information for decision making problem, the Linear Diophantine fuzzy number is taking more critical part in reducing the uncertainty in information. Therefore the primary aim of this paper is to develop some different types of similarity and distance measures for linear Diophantine fuzzy numbers. With the frequent occurrence of emergency events, emergency decision making (EDM) plays a significant role in the emergency situations. It is essential for decision makers to make reliable and reasonable emergency decisions within a short time period since inappropriate decisions may result in enormous economic losses and chaotic social order. Accordingly, to ensure that EDM problems can be solved effectively and quickly, this paper proposes a new EDM method based on the novel distance and similarity measures under Linear Diophantine fuzzy (LDF) information. The similarity measure is one of the beneficial tools to determine the degree of similarity between objects. It has many crucial applications such as decision making, data mining, medical diagnosis, and pattern recognition. In this study, some novel distances and similarity measures of linear Diophantine fuzzy sets are presented. Then, the Jaccard similarity measure, exponential similarity measure, Cosine and Cotangent function based on similarity measures for LDFSs were proposed. The newly defined similarity measures are applied to medical diagnosis problem for COVID-19 virus and the results are discussed. A comparative study for the new similarity measures is established, and some advantages of the proposed work are discussed.
Privacy-Preserving Boolean Range Query With Temporal Access Control in Mobile Computing

With increasingly popular GPS-equipped mobile devices (e.g., smartphones, tablets, laptops), massive spatio-textual data has been outsourced to cloud servers for storage and analysis such as spatial keyword search. However, existing privacy-preserving spatial keyword query schemes only support coarse-grained non-temporal access control in single user sharing scenario, which does not scale well in time-related scenes such as message valid period. To solve the above issues, we propose <underline>P</underline>rivacy-preserving <underline>B</underline>oolean <underline>R</underline>ange <underline>Q</underline>uery with <underline>T</underline>emporal access control in mobile computing (PBRQ-T). Specifically, we first achieve PBRQ with linear search complexity using the adapted Gray code, Bloom filter, and Katz-Sahai-Waters encryption. Then, we provide fine-grained and temporal access control in PBRQ based on the forward/backward derivation function and attribute-based encryption, where PBRQ is executed only when the spatio-textual data is accessible. Finally, an enhanced PBRQ-T (i.e., PBRQ-T<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^+$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:msup><mml:mrow/><mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:msup></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="tong-ieq1-3152168.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula>) with faster-than-linear search complexity is proposed by constructing a Quadtree index structure. Our formal security analysis shows that data privacy and index privacy can be guaranteed during the query process. Our extensive experiments using a real-world dataset demonstrate the efficiency and feasibility of our schemes.
Ligand Binding Path Sampling Based on Parallel Cascade Selection Molecular Dynamics: LB-PaCS-MD

Parallel cascade selection molecular dynamics (PaCS-MD) is a rare-event sampling method that generates transition pathways between a reactant and product. To sample the transition pathways, PaCS-MD repeats short-time MD simulations from important configurations as conformational resampling cycles. In this study, PaCS-MD was extended to sample ligand binding pathways toward a target protein, which is referred to as LB-PaCS-MD. In a ligand-concentrated environment, where multiple ligand copies are randomly arranged around the target protein, LB-PaCS-MD allows for the frequent sampling of ligand binding pathways. To select the important configurations, we specified the center of mass (COM) distance between each ligand and the relevant binding site of the target protein, where snapshots generated by the short-time MD simulations were ranked by their COM distance values. From each cycle, snapshots with smaller COM distance values were selected as the important configurations to be resampled using the short-time MD simulations. By repeating conformational resampling cycles, the COM distance values gradually decreased and converged to constants, meaning that a set of ligand binding pathways toward the target protein was sampled by LB-PaCS-MD. To demonstrate relative efficiency, LB-PaCS-MD was applied to several proteins, and their ligand binding pathways were sampled more frequently than conventional MD simulations.
Drug resistance and minimal residual disease in multiple myeloma

Great progress has been made in improving survival in multiple myeloma (MM) patients over the last 30 years. New drugs have been introduced and complete responses are frequently seen. However, the majority of MM patients do experience a relapse at a variable time after treatment, and ultimately the disease becomes drug-resistant following therapies. Recently, minimal residual disease (MRD) detection has been introduced in clinical trials utilizing novel therapeutic agents to measure the depth of response. MRD can be considered as a surrogate for both progression-free and overall survival. In this perspective, the persistence of a residual therapy-resistant myeloma plasma cell clone can be associated with inferior survivals. The present review gives an overview of drug resistance in MM, i.e., mutation of β5 subunit of the proteasome; upregulation of pumps of efflux; heat shock protein induction for proteasome inhibitors; downregulation of CRBN expression; deregulation of IRF4 expression; mutation of CRBN, IKZF1, and IKZF3 for immunomodulatory drugs and decreased target expression; complement protein increase; sBCMA increase; and BCMA down expression for monoclonal antibodies. Multicolor flow cytometry, or next-generation flow, and next-generation sequencing are currently the techniques available to measure MRD with sensitivity at 10-5. Sustained MRD negativity is related to prolonged survival, and it is evaluated in all recent clinical trials as a surrogate of drug efficacy.
COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown and Wellbeing: Experiences from Aotearoa New Zealand in 2020

In 2020, in the first COVID-19 pandemic lockdown, Aotearoa New Zealand consistently maintained stringent public health measures including stay-at-home lockdowns and distancing responses. Considering the widespread disruption to social functioning caused by the pandemic, this paper aimed to explore environmental and social factors that influenced the wellbeing of individuals during the first lockdown in Aotearoa New Zealand. Our mixed-methods study involved a survey (n = 1010) and semi-structured interviews of a subset of surveyed individuals undertaken at the tail end of the first 2020 lockdown. Survey participants were recruited through social media-driven snowball sampling, less than 50% were aged under 45 years and 85% identified as female. Of those interviewed, 63% identified as female. Qualitative interview findings and open-ended survey results were analysed thematically. Participants described a variety of factors influencing wellbeing, largely related to the community and household; physical, behavioural, and lifestyle factors; access to health services; and social and economic foundations. While much of the focus of COVID-19 recovery was on reversing the economic and physical toll of the pandemic, our findings emphasise the need to empower individuals, families, and communities to mitigate the pandemic’s negative implications on wellbeing.
Dietary Pattern Associated with the Risk of Hyperuricemia in Chinese Elderly: Result from China Nutrition and Health Surveillance 2015–2017

Our current study aimed to estimate the relationship between dietary patterns and hyperuricemia among the Chinese elderly over 60 years old. All the data were obtained from China Nutrition and Health Surveillance during 2015–2017. A total of 18,691 participants who completed the whole survey were included in our statistical analysis. The definition of hyperuricemia was 420 μmmol/L (7 mg/dL) for male and 360 μmmol/L (6 mg/dL) for female. Exploratory factor analysis was applied to explore posterior dietary patterns in our samples, and five dietary patterns were recognized, namely “Typical Chinese”, “Modern Chinese”, “Western”, “Animal products and alcohol”, and “Tuber and fermented vegetables”. After multiple adjusted logistic regression, participants in the highest quartile of “typical Chinese” (Q4 vs. Q1, OR = 0.32, 95% CI: 0.28–0.37, p-trend < 0.0001), “modern Chinese” (Q4 vs. Q1, OR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.71–0.93, p-trend = 0.0021) and “tuber and fermented vegetables” (Q4 vs. Q1, OR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.69–0.88, p-trend < 0.0001) showed a lower risk of hyperuricemia, while animal products and alcohol was positively associated with hyperuricemia (Q4 vs. Q1, OR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.31–1.7, p-trend < 0.0001). We also found that participants who mainly ate a modern Chinese diet tended to meet the RNI/AI of nutrients we discuss in this paper, which may supply some information for hyperuricemia prevention and management by dietary methods.
Creating a link between healthy homes and architectural elements: a qualitative study of modern residential buildings

PurposeThe aim of the research presented in this paper is to provide information on the common problems of healthy homes in the context of architectural design deficiencies. Especially because determining the status of a healthy house is particularly challenging if the design is poor.Design/methodology/approachQualitative methods, i.e. interviews, site visits and graphic elicitation diagramming were used in two different stages of data collection. They were then analysed using thematic analysis.FindingsThe findings show that the architectural elements can have positive or negative effects on the health and safe environments. The quantity of doors and the use of transparent glass have largely contributed to the thermal transmission and increased indoor temperatures. The roof aluminium sheets and absence of vents inhibited indoor heat loss. This has led to discomfort and overuse of air-conditioning units, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic where most households stayed/worked from home. The inappropriate height of the ceiling and roof made it challenging for maintenance purpose, reducing safety levels, which could result in physical injuries.Originality/valueThe concept of healthy homes is not new. Studies have been conducted in Western countries and in the field of healthcare. However, there is lack of study in built environment particularly in developing countries and inadequate inter-disciplinary and empirical research to connect the healthcare field. The pervasive and recurring design deficiencies in the construction industry remain a source of unhealthy homes, which must be addressed. Future investigations are necessary to expand the conclusions that can be drawn from this paper for health equity within the society and nation.
Monetary policy decisions and bank profitability: evidence from an emerging economy

PurposeThis study provides empirical evidence for the first time on how different measures of monetary policy affect banking profitability in Ghana.Design/methodology/approachProviding empirical evidence on how different measures of monetary policy affect banking profitability in Ghana using 29 banks for period between 2006 and 2016, new monetary indexes are developed and a robust panel random effect models is employed with year effect controls.FindingsThe results show that while increase in monetary policy basis point reduced banking profitability, average monetary policy rate stimulated banking profitability. Interestingly, the monetary policy basis point and rate indexes developed reduced and enhanced banking profitability, respectively. While these results may sound contradictory, they have both theoretical and empirical backing. Thus, basis point increments serve a monetary policy tightening condition which leads to higher loan prices, lower borrowing and declined profitability in the short run. However, in the long run, banks adjusted their loan prices and deposits to reflect basis point changes in their favor, hence the positive effect of average monetary policy rate on banking profitability. Additionally, monetary policy easing which represents decline in monetary policy basis point and rate enhances banking profitability.Practical implicationsThese findings imply bank managers may take advantage of monetary policy easing to maximize profits in the banking sector of Ghana. Also, the monetary policy committee must be mindful of monetary policy tightening through basis point change since upward basis point increments reduce banking profitability.Originality/valueThis study provides empirical evidence for the first time on how different measures of monetary policy (developing indexes from monetary policy basis point and monetary policy rate) affect banking profitability in an emerging economy as Ghana.
Deep Autoencoder for Hyperspectral Unmixing via Global-Local Smoothing

Hyperspectral unmixing is to decompose the mixed pixels into pure spectral signatures (endmembers) and their proportions (abundances). Recently, deep learning based methods have been applied to enhance the representation ability of unmixing models by extracting joint spatial-spectral characteristics of the hyperspectral data. However, most deep learning based unmixing methods usually conduct global smoothing by convolutions on the whole hyperspectral imagery, which may ignore the variations within the imagery and result in over-smoothing. In this paper, we propose a deep network for hyperspectral unmixing based on a new Global-Local smoothing Autoencoder (GLA). GLA is an unsupervised model which aims at exploring the local homogeneity and the global self-similarity of hyperspectral imagery. The proposed GLA network mainly include two modules: a Local Continuous conditional random field Smoothing (LCS) module and a Global Recurrent Smoothing (GRS) module. In LCS, we propose a conditional random field based smoothing strategy to describe the joint spatial-spectral information within a local homogeneity region, which also reduces the risk of abundance maps boundary blurry. In GRS, we follow the self-similarity assumption for hyperspectral imagery, and develop a recurrent neural network structure to exploit potential long-distance dependency relationships among pixels. The GLA is compared with several state-of-the-art unmixing metheds on both real and synthetic data, and the abundance estimation results indicate that our method is promising. We will publish the code of GLA if the paper has the honor to be accepted.