Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gabor nonstationary deconvolution for attenuation compensation in highly lossy dispersive media

Summary Gabor nonstationary deconvolution (Margrave et al., 2011) was developed in the field of Seismology to compensate for attenuation loss, correct phase dispersion, and produce images with high resolution. Compared to seismic waves, a stronger attenuation and dispersion effect is observed in microwave frequency electromagnetic (EM) waves, especially with a propagating medium that has loss and high dispersion, such as biological tissues. In the microwave image, it is displayed as a characteristic blurriness or lack of resolution that increases with time/distance. To produce microwave images with high solution, there is a strong need for a technique that is able to compensate for energy loss and correct for wavelet distortion. Therefore, the Gabor algorithm is necessary in order to deal with the nonstationarity in EM wave propagation and attenuation. Gabor deconvolution is essentially based on the assumption that the anelastic attenuation of seismic waves can be described by a constant Q theory (Kjartansson, 1979). Our study reveals that the same definition of Q as in seismic can also be used to characterize the EM wave propagation and attenuation. The Q for EM waves is not constant over the microwave frequency of interest; however, a new parameter Q* (Turner and Siggins, 1994), which is closely related to Q, can be approximated as constant for highly lossy dispersive biological tissues. Q and Q* might be different in the order of magnitude; however, these quantities describe the attenuation and dispersion in the same manner. Our test results indicate that the Gabor nonstationary deconvolution is able to sufficiently compensate for attenuation loss and correct phase dispersion for EM waves that propagate through high lossy dispersive media. It can work effectively in the condition that a constant Q* is achieved. Q characterization of EM wave propagation In EM applications, an important parameter to quantify energy loss is the loss tangent, tanδ. Von Hippel (1954) associated the loss tangent with the quality factor Q to quantify the energy loss as EM waves propagate in the dielectric. He defined the Q as the inverse of the loss tangent, given by
Particle decay of proton-unbound levels in 12N

Background Transfer reactions are a useful tool for studying nuclear structure, particularly in the regime of low level densities and strong single-particle strengths. In addition, transfer reactions can populate levels above particle decay thresholds, allowing for the possibility of studying the subsequent decays and furthering our understanding of the nuclei being probed. In particular, the decay of loosely bound nuclei such as 12 N can help inform and improve structure models. Purpose To learn about the decay of excited states in 12 N, to more generally inform nuclear structure models, particularly in the case of particle-unbound levels in low-mass systems which are within the reach of state-of-the-art ab initio calculations. Method In this follow-up analysis of previously published data [1], decay particles from excited states populated in 12 N have been detected in coincidence with tritons from the 14 N(p,t) 12 N transfer reaction. Speciﬁcally, decay protons from proton-unbound levels above ∼ 2 MeV excitation energy were observed by utilizing the Jet Experiments in Nuclear Structure and Astrophysics (JENSA) gas jet target. Results Isotropic proton branching ratios for the p0 and p1 decay channels are calculated and decay particle spectra for the populated levels from p0, p1, and p2 decay are given. Conclusions The current data from 14 N(p,t) 12 N will help provide nuclear structure and decay information input to models in this mass region.
COMPUTER SIMULATION MODELLING IN SPORT

This chapter describes the process of building a mathematical model using rigid bodies and elastic structures to represent body segments and various ways of representing the force generating capabilities of muscle. Direct and indirect methods of determining the physical parameters associated with these elements are described. Before using a model to answer a research question it is first necessary to establish that the model is an adequate representation of the real physical system. This process of model evaluation by comparing model output with real data is discussed. Examples of applications of both forward dynamics and inverse dynamics computer modelling are given.
On Asymptotic Theory for ARCH (∞) Models

Autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (ARCH)( ∞ ) models nest a wide range of ARCH and generalized ARCH models including models with long memory in volatility. Existing work assumes the existence of second moments. However, the fractionally integrated generalized ARCH model, one version of a long memory in volatility model, does not have finite second moments and rarely satisfies the moment conditions of the existing literature. This article weakens the moment assumptions of a general ARCH( ∞ ) class of models and develops the theory for consistency and asymptotic normality of the quasi‐maximum likelihood estimator.
Tropical Cyclone Intensity Estimation Using RVM and DADI Based on Infrared Brightness Temperature

AbstractAn objective technique is presented to estimate tropical cyclone intensity using the relevance vector machine (RVM) and deviation angle distribution inhomogeneity (DADI) based on infrared satellite images of the northwest Pacific Ocean basin from China’s FY-2C geostationary satellite. Using this technique, structures of a deviation-angle gradient co-occurrence matrix, which include 15 statistical parameters nonlinearly related to tropical cyclone intensity, were derived from infrared satellite imagery. RVM was then used to relate these statistical parameters to tropical cyclone intensity. Twenty-two tropical cyclones occurred in the northwest Pacific during 2005–09 and were selected to verify the performance of the proposed technique. The results show that, in comparison with the traditional linear regression method, the proposed technique can significantly improve the accuracy of tropical cyclone intensity estimation. The average absolute error of intensity estimation using the linear regression .
Spatial distribution of galactic globular clusters : distance uncertainties and dynamical effects

We provide a sample of 170 Galactic Globular Clusters (GCs) and analyse its spatial distribution properties. Using a comprehensive dust cloud catalogue, we list the GCs that are behind one or more identified dust clouds and could be subjected to a more complex extinction curve than extinction catalogues consider. Distance uncertainty values are gathered from recent literature and compared to values derived from an error propagation formula. GCs are grouped according to unusual characteristics, such as relatively young age or possible connection to dwarf galaxy nuclei, so that their effect on the general distribution can be isolated. Additionally, we compute the centroid of the GC distribution and study how it relates to the distance to the centre of the Galaxy. Considering that galactic formation via monolithic collapse is expected to be symmetrical, we probe asymmetries and how distance uncertainty values modify them. Spatial velocities and a Galactic potential are used to verify if any asymmetries in the spatial distribution are due to co-moving objects, or if they are merely transient effects.
Mechanical Behaviour of Geopolymer Concrete Using Steel Fibers

This investigation inspects the concurrent influence of steel fibers with different materials such as Fly Ash(FA), Silica Fume(SF) and aggregates on the mechanical behaviour of geopolymer concrete (GPC) mixes. A range of 8 to 16 molar NaOH molarities variation was observed in the experimental work. Sodium hydroxide molar (NaOH) and sodium silicate solution (NaOH) were utilised as alkaline activators in proportions of 1, 1.5, and 2 (Na2SiO3/NaOH). Steel crimped fibers having aspect ratio of 60 were added in the geopolymer concrete. Geopolymer concrete properties considering type of fly ash, the quantity of fly ash, silica fume, the content of fine aggregate and coarse aggregate, effect of sodium hydroxide concentration, content of sodium silicate solution and inclusion of 0.2% of steel fibers in the geopolymer concrete are analyzed.
Biotechnological advances and applications of human pluripotent stem cell-derived heart models

In recent years, significant biotechnological advancements have been made in engineering human cardiac tissues and organ-like models. This field of research is crucial for both basic and translational research due to cardiovascular disease being the leading cause of death in the developed world. Additionally, drug-associated cardiotoxicity poses a major challenge for drug development in the pharmaceutical and biotechnological industries. Progress in three-dimensional cell culture and microfluidic devices has enabled the generation of human cardiac models that faithfully recapitulate key aspects of human physiology. In this review, we will discuss 3D pluripotent stem cell (PSC)-models of the human heart, such as engineered heart tissues and organoids, and their applications in disease modeling and drug screening.
The Historical Development of Quantum Theory Volume 1 Parts 1 and 2: The Quantum Theory of Planck, Einstein, Bohr and Sommerfeld – Its Foundation and the Rise of its Difficulties 1900–1925

J Mehra and H Rechenberg 1982 Berlin: Springer Part 1 xlvii + 372 pp price DM75 ISBN 3 540 90642 8, Part 2 vi + 878 pp price DM85 ISBN 3 540 90667 3 These two volumes, which are the first of a massive ten-part enterprise, provide an exhaustive treatment of the foundation of quantum theory by Planck, Einstein, Bohr and Sommerfeld and the advent of its difficulties in the first quarter of the 20th century. The chief aim of the authors was to use the written resources and the recollections of leading physicists to describe the main ideas of and events in the birth of quantum theory.
Recurrent Neural Networks with more flexible memory: better predictions than rough volatility

We extend recurrent neural networks to include several flexible timescales for each dimension of their output, which mechanically improves their abilities to account for processes with long memory or with highly disparate time scales. We compare the ability of vanilla and extended long short term memory networks (LSTMs) to predict asset price volatility, known to have a long memory. Generally, the number of epochs needed to train extended LSTMs is divided by two, while the variation of validation and test losses among models with the same hyperparameters is much smaller. We also show that the model with the smallest validation loss systemically outperforms rough volatility predictions by about 20% when trained and tested on a dataset with multiple time series.
PET/CT and SPECT/CT Imaging of HER2-Positive Breast Cancer

HER2 (Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2)-positive breast cancer is characterized by amplification of the HER2 gene and is associated with more aggressive tumor growth, increased risk of metastasis, and poorer prognosis when compared to other subtypes of breast cancer. HER2 expression is therefore a critical tumor feature that can be used to diagnose and treat breast cancer. Moving forward, advances in HER2 in vivo imaging, involving the use of techniques such as positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), may allow for a greater role for HER2 status in guiding the management of breast cancer patients. This will apply both to patients who are HER2-positive and those who have limited-to-minimal immunohistochemical HER2 expression (HER2-low), with imaging ultimately helping clinicians determine the size and location of tumors. Additionally, PET and SPECT could help evaluate effectiveness of HER2-targeted therapies, such as trastuzumab or pertuzumab for HER2-positive cancers, and specially modified antibody drug conjugates (ADC), such as trastuzumab-deruxtecan, for HER2-low variants. This review will explore the current and future role of HER2 imaging in personalizing the care of patients diagnosed with breast cancer.
Do players with superior physiological attributes outwork their less-conditioned counterparts? A study in Gaelic football

This study investigated the association of physiological attributes with in-game workload measures during competitive Gaelic football match-play. Fifty-two male developmental level Gaelic football players (mean ± SD; age: 22.9 ± 3.8 years) underwent measurements of anthropometric characteristics, running speed, muscular strength and power, blood lactate (BLa), running economy and aerobic capacity during two separate testing visits. Global Positioning System units (18-Hz) were used to record players in-game workloads during a competitive match 1-week following the baseline physiological assessments. Results indicated that players body fat percentage, drop jump height (DJ) and running velocity at 4 mmol · L−1 BLa were significantly associated with the number of high-speed runs completed (Adjusted R2 26.8% to 39.5%; p < 0.05) while 20 m running speed, running velocity at 2 mmol · L−1 BLa and DJ were significantly associated with the number of accelerations completed (Adjusted R2 17.2% to 22.0%; p < 0.05) during match-play. Additionally, aerobic capacity and body fat percentage were significantly associated with total distance (Adjusted R2 14.4% to 22.4%; p < 0.05) while body fat percentage, DJ and 20 m running speed were significantly associated with high-speed distance (Adjusted R2 17.8% to 22.0%; p < 0.05). Players were also divided into higher-standard and lower-standard groups using a median split of these physiological attributes. Players in the higher-standard groups completed significantly more high-speed runs and accelerations and covered significantly larger total and high-speed distances (+10.4% to +36.8%; ES = 0.67 to 0.88; p < 0.05) when compared to the lower-standard groups. This study demonstrates that superior levels of physical conditioning are associated with larger in-game workloads during Gaelic football match-play.
Effects of Horticultural Activities on Mild to Moderate Depression Symptoms: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Objectives This study was designed to evaluate the effect of participating in horticultural activities on changes in the severity of depression symptoms in adults with mild-to-moderate depression symptoms. Methods In this non-blinded, randomized controlled trial, 102 eligible participants were assigned randomly to the experimental and control groups (51 members each). The inclusion criteria were as follows: age of 18 years or more, mild-to-moderate depression symptoms, and willingness to participate in the study. However, the exclusion criteria were physical or mental diseases limiting horticultural activities and using antidepressants. Both groups received educational worksheets, including behavioral activation, daily activity schedules, breathing training, and relaxation instructions. Moreover, the experimental group participated in weekly three-hour horticultural program sessions for six weeks. The severity of depression symptoms was then appraised at baseline, at the end of the intervention, and four weeks after the end of the intervention through the Beck depression inventory-II (BDI-II). The repeated-measures ANOVA was used for data analysis. Results The results revealed that the mean BDI-II scores in the horticultural group declined by 5.68 (P=0.001) and 2.32 (P=0.016) points more than the control group at the end of the intervention and four weeks later, respectively. Conclusion This study indicated that horticultural activity might mitigate the severity of depression symptoms.
Mechanism of the Wake-Up and the Split-Up in AlOx/Hf0.5Zr0.5Ox Film

Dielectric layers are widely used in ferroelectric applications such as memory and negative capacitance devices. The wake-up and the split-up phenomena in the ferroelectric hafnia are well-known challenges in early-stage device reliability. We found that the phenomena even occur in the bilayer, which is composed of the hafnia and the dielectrics. The phenomena are known to be affected mainly by oxygen vacancies of hafnia. Dielectric layers, which are often metal oxides, are also prone to be affected by oxygen vacancies. To study the effect of the dielectric layer on the wake-up and the split-up phenomena, we fabricated ferroelectric thin-film capacitors with dielectric layers of various thicknesses and measured their field-cycling behaviors. We found that the movement of oxygen vacancies in the dielectric layer was predominantly affected by the polarization state of the ferroelectric layer. In addition, the mechanism of the field-cycling behavior in the bilayer is similar to that in ferroelectric thin films. Our results can be applied in ferroelectric applications that use dielectric layers.
Adherence to gdmt treatment for heart failure out-patients – single center registry

Background: GDMT treament has demonstrated to heart failure can improve heart failure survival and reduce hospital admission. Objective: This study evaluated the use of guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) for heart failure with reduced and mild reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) in outpatient department in Hanoi Heart Hospitaland its impact on patients’ midterm outcome. Method: Medical records of 1131 patients with HFrEF and HFmrEF followed at Hanoi Heart Hosspital, facility 1 From September 2019 to March 2021 were reviewed. The prescription rates of recommended pharmacological agents and their dosages were evaluated. Results: The population includes 711 male (62.9%) and 420 female (37.1%), with an average age of 64,96 ± 14,49 years. The mean and median time of follow up were 10,59 ± 2,77 month (the shortest follow-up time was 3 months, the longest was 15 months). The prescription rate of β-blockers, ACEI/ARB/ARNI, MRA were 74.36%, 80.9% and 69.5% respectively. After follow-up, these rates were 86.75%, 86.52% and 68.9%, correspondingly. After follow-up, the highest rate of prescription over 50% dosages of these drugs in the range given were Spiranolactone, it was achieved 56.15%, followed by Losartan, Bisoprolol, Nebivolol, all above 30%. The initial LVEF was 37.93 ± 8.58%, and at the end of the follow – up period, the LVEF achieved 40.26 ± 9.44%, significantly improved. 168 patients (14.85%) were admitted to the hospital at least once during the follow-up period; mong them, 133 patients (79.2%) were hospitalized once, 30 patients (17.8%) were hospitalized twice, and five patients (3.0%) were hospitalized at least three times. Mortality was 1.9% (18 patients) during the follow-up period. [1] Conclusion: The rate of heart failure GDMT drugs using for outpatients in our center is rather high but there are gaps that need to be filled to enhance the outcome of HFrEF and HFmrEF patients.
Model selection using information criteria for hidden Markov principal components analysis

Hidden Markov principal component analysis incorporates the dependence between multivariate observations, which in a typical principal component analysis is discarded. For the application of this dynamic model, it is necessary to know beforehand, the dimensionality of the principal subspace associated with each state of a Markov chain, also, the number of states of the chain. In this article, information criteria are employed for model selection. A sequential pruning strategy for model selection is presented as well, in order to reduce computational cost. Results using synthetic data are shown.
Neutral Voltage Modeling and Handling Approach for Five-Phase PMSMs Under Two-Phase Insulation Fault-Tolerant Control

Five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motors are demanded in many safe-crucial applications for their appealing fault-tolerant capability. Unlike most previous articles on open-circuit faults and line-to-neutral faults, this article concentrates on two-phase insulation faults, including the two-phase interturn fault (ITF) and the interphase fault (IPF). ITF and IPF represent two common unbalanced conditions’ cases in which the motor's neutral voltage (NV) is rather unstable. This leads to incorrect phase-voltage modulation (PVM) if the NV issue is ill-considered. Thus, this work proposes a general method to handle NV for two-phase insulation faults. In light of this, a comprehensive faulty motor model is established by introducing two synthetic phase-voltage quantities, which correspond to the real phase voltages in the healthy mode. Based on this, a general NV model in postfault is derived, and further presvented is a revised PVM that is independent of the fault severity level. Finally, the experimental results confirm the validity of the presented method for handling NV under various fault conditions.
Nonionizing Electromagnetic Irradiations; Biological Interactions, Human Safety

Human is usually exposed to environmental radiation from natural and man-made sources. Therefore, it is important to investigate the effects of exposure to environmental radiation, partly related to understanding and protecting against the risk of exposure to environmental radiation with beneficial and adverse impacts on human life. The rapid development of technologies causes a dramatic enhancement of radiation in the human environment. In this study, we address the biological effects caused by different fractions of non-ionizing electromagnetic irradiation to humans and describe possible approaches for minimizing adverse health effects initiated by radiation. The main focus was on biological mechanisms initiated by irradiation and represented protection, and safety approaches to prevent health disorders.
Impact of carotid bifurcation geometry on atherosclerotic formation: A hemodynamic study

Abstract: Background: Recent studies have demonstrated major variations in carotid bifurcation geometry, in favor of the concept that individual vascular anatomy may play a role in the development of atherosclerosis. To test these assumptions, the present study aimed to investigate the impact of wide variations on carotid artery hemodynamics by computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations. Method: In the present work, six groups of three-dimensional synthetic models of carotid bifurcation with different morphological parameters were established by ANSYS. The geometric variations included internal carotid artery （ ICA ） /common carotid artery (CCA) diameter ratio, sinus/CCA diameter ratio, external carotid artery (ECA)/CCA diameter ratio, ICA angle, tortuosity and planarity. Pulsatile blood flow through a model of the carotid artery bifurcation was simulated using a finite volume numerical method. The changes of inlet velocity during the cardiac cycle were taken into consideration while outlet pressure was a constant value. The simulated results were visualized in TECPLOT for subsequent analysis. Result: The temporal average value of wall shear stress (AWSS) on the sinus wall was obtained from the hemodynamic simulations. Multiple regression analysis revealed a significant (P<0.001) relationship between AWSS and both ICA angle ( =0.48) and sinus/CCA diameter ratio ( = 0.48). Larger ICA angles generally increase the AWSS on the sinus wall, hence lowering the risk of plaque build-up. In contrast, high sinus/CCA diameter ratio was found to decrease AWSS on the sinus for geometries with the baseline ICA angle. Conclusion: Compared to benchmark model , the changes of carotid bifurcation geometry can lead to apparent differences in hemodynamics. It may therefore be reasonable to consider certain geometric features to be surrogate markers of low AWSS, which is mainly related to atherosclerotic formation. Keywords: Atherosclerosis, Hemodynamics, Carotid Bifurcation, Wall Shear Stress.