Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Trust or Distrust: The Effect of Facial Emotion and Trustworthy Behavior on Trust Decision-Making

Based on the model of emotion as social information, this study explores the effects of facial emotions and trustworthy behavior on trust decision-making in trust game through two experiments. The present study used trust game explores the impact of players’ facial emotion, arousal and trustworthy behavior on individual trust decision-making through two experiments. The results can be summed up as follows: (1) in the repeated interaction with four players, individuals invest more in trustworthy players than untrustworthy players; (2) individuals invested more in trustworthy players with happy facial emotions, while untrustworthy players with angry facial emotions received less investment. High-arousal facial emotion results in a more extreme investment by the individual; (3) when the players’ facial emotion and behavior are inconsistent, the individual will judge according to the player’s current behavior, rather than the facial emotion or past behavior.
An Attempt of a New Strategy in PRV Prevention: Co-Injection with Inactivated Enterococcus faecium and Inactivated Pseudorabies Virus Intravenously

Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is one of the causative agents of common infectious diseases in swine herds. Enterococcus faecium is a probiotic belonging to the group of lactic acid bacteria and has excellent immunomodulatory effects. Vaccine immunization is an important approach to prevent animal diseases in the modern farming industry, and good immunization outcomes can substantially reduce the damage caused by pathogens to animals, improve the quality of animals’ lives, and reduce economic losses. In the present study, we showed that inactivated E. faecium and inactivated PRV when co-injected intravenously significantly reduced the mortality of mice after inoculation with PRV. The inactivated E. faecium + inactivated PRV intravenous injection group induced more production of Th cells and Tc cells. Additionally, the inactivated E. faecium + inactivated PRV intravenous injection group showed higher concentrations of cytokines (IFN-γ and IL-10) and induced higher antibody production. Thus, the co-injection of inactivated E. faecium and inactivated PRV could remarkably prevent and control the lethality of PRV infection in mice, which is a critical finding for vaccination and clinical development.
Hartley Transform Signal Compression and Fast Power Quality Measurements for Smart Grid Application

This study presents a methodology for compressing power system (PS) signals based on the Discrete Hartley Transform (DHT) and develops a computationally efficient approach for calculating power quality (PQ) parameters. Several algorithms are proposed for dynamic bit allocation for coefficient quantization of the DHT. The proposed algorithm was trialed on a real-world signal database and produced better results than those obtained using wavelet transforms. Several scenarios are investigated, and the comparative results are shown.
Technical English for Geosciences: A Text/Work Book

Applied Geology. - Geotechnology. - Geotechnical Engineering. - Geoengineering. - The Rock Cycle. - Rocks and Rock Mechanics. - Plate Tectonics, Tectonics and Faultings. - Earthquakes. - Volcanoes. - Tsunamis. - Soil Sciences and Soil Studies. - Soil Testing Equipment I. - Soil Testing Equipment II. - Mineralogy I. - Mineralogy II. - Mineralogy III. - Minerals in Industry and Economy. - Tara Mines I. - Tara Mines II. - Tara Mines III. - Minerals Recycling. - Energy Sources I. - Energy Sources II. - Energy Resources III. - Drilling Techniques. - Rehabilitation. - Hydrogeology. - The Water Cycle. - The Groundwater System. - Groundwater Modelling System. - Water Quality. - Waste Water Treatment. - Waste Disposal. - Meteorology and Climatology. - The Carbon Cycle. - Global Warming and Climate Change. - Global Response to Climate Change.
Global HA to HA protocol

This HAHA protocol extends MIPv6 [15] and NEMO [16] to remove their link layer dependencies on the Home Link and distribute the HAs at IP layer. Global HAHA considers the distribution at the scale of the Internet, and introduces the MIP proxy for Local Mobility Management and Route Optimization in the Infrastructure.
The polishing methods for large area CVD diamond wafer

Abstract The mainstream polishing methods were reviewed in light of polycrystalline CVD diamond wafer with large area. The principles, equipment, and processes of the mainstream polishing methods were reviewed, and the processing characteristics of these methods were compared. The material removal rate (MRR), polishing rate (PR), and minimum surface roughness (Ra) obtained by each polishing method were summed up. The non-contact method has a relatively higher MRR than the contact method, while the contact method has a relatively smaller final roughness than the non-contact method. Two factors, K (K = ΔRa/Δm, ΔRa is the reduction of the surface roughness, Δm is the mass loss) and CI (CI = K/t, t is the total polishing time), were proposed to evaluate the influence of the polishing parameters on the polishing course in the contact polishing methods and to describe the feature of each polishing method, respectively. The variation of the K value indicated that the polishing load and the polishing plate speed did not always influence the polishing effect monotonically in every contact polishing method, and it should be optimized to obtain fine surface roughness with the tiny mass loss. The CI value showed that the non-contact polishing method possessed the feature of high roughness improvement with low mass loss in the unit polishing time. These results reveal how to move forward on the path to polishing large area polycrystalline CVD diamond wafer.
Resection Margin Width Does Not Influence the Prognosis of Solitary Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Anatomic Resection: A Real-World Study from China

Purpose The influence of resection margin (RM) width on the prognosis of solitary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) following anatomical resection (AR) has yet to be determined. Therefore, we conducted a real-world study to identify the optimal RM width and assess its impact on the outcomes of solitary HCC patients undergoing AR. Methods The data pertaining to patients diagnosed with solitary HCC who underwent AR between December 2012 and December 2015 were retrospectively collected. The optimal cutoff value for the width of the RM was determined using X-tile software. The Kaplan-Meier method was utilized to compare the overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) between the narrow and wide RM groups. Additionally, propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to minimize potential bias in the data. Results Of the 1033 patients who met the inclusion criteria, 293 (28.4%) were categorized into the narrow RM group (≤4 mm) and 740 (71.6%) into the wide RM group (> 4mm). Before and after PSM, there were no significant differences in OS and DFS between the two groups (before PSM: OS, HR=0.78, P=0.071; DFS, HR=0.95, P=0.620; after PSM: OS, HR=0.77, P=0.150; DFS, HR=0.90, P=0.470). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that RM width was not an independent risk factor for DFS and OS both before and after PSM (all P>0.05). However, subgroup analyses revealed that patients with ALBI grade 1, absence of cirrhosis, and AJCC stage II significantly benefited from wide RM in OS (all P< 0.05). Similarly, patients without HBV infection and absence of cirrhosis also exhibited significant benefits from wide RM in DFS (both P< 0.05). Conclusion In patients with solitary HCC undergoing AR, the width of the RM does not appear to have a significant impact on their prognosis. However, in certain selected patients, a wider RM may confer benefits.
The Utility of Red Cell Distribution Width to Predict Mortality of Septic Patients in Tertiary Hospital of Nepal

Background Sepsis is common problem encountered in emergency room which needs to be intervened early. Predicting prognosis is always a difficult task in busy emergency room using present scores which has numbers of variables to calculate. Red cell distribution width (RDW) is easy, cheap and efficacious score to predict severity and mortality of patients with sepsis. Method This prospective analytical study was conducted in emergency room of Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital among patients of age ≥16 years with clinical diagnosis of sepsis using qSOFA score. 148 patients were analyzed in study by using nonprobability purposive sampling method.
Interaction of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor with the Effects of Chronic Methamphetamine on Prepulse Inhibition in Mice Is Independent of Dopamine D3 Receptors

The aim of the present study was to gain a better understanding of the role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and dopamine D3 receptors in the effects of chronic methamphetamine (METH) on prepulse inhibition (PPI), an endophenotype of psychosis. We compared the effect of a three-week adolescent METH treatment protocol on the regulation of PPI in wildtype mice, BDNF heterozygous mice (HET), D3 receptor knockout mice (D3KO), and double-mutant mice (DM) with both BDNF heterozygosity and D3 receptor knockout. Chronic METH induced disruption of PPI regulation in male mice with BDNF haploinsufficiency (HET and DM), independent of D3 receptor knockout. Specifically, these mice showed reduced baseline PPI, as well as attenuated disruption of PPI induced by acute treatment with the dopamine receptor agonist, apomorphine (APO), or the glutamate NMDA receptor antagonist, MK-801. In contrast, there were no effects of BDNF heterozygosity or D3 knockout on PPI regulation in female mice. Chronic METH pretreatment induced the expected locomotor hyperactivity sensitisation, where female HET and DM mice also showed endogenous sensitisation. Differential sex-specific effects of genotype and METH pretreatment were observed on dopamine receptor and dopamine transporter gene expression in the striatum and frontal cortex. Taken together, these results show a significant involvement of BDNF in the long-term effects of METH on PPI, particularly in male mice, but these effects appear independent of D3 receptors. The role of this receptor in psychosis endophenotypes therefore remains unclear.
Design Thinking Capabilities in the STEAM Education: A bibliometric Analysis

– This paper aims to explore the scientific production and the thematic evolution of design thinking applied to education in STEAM. A bibliometric approach was used to quantify the impact, under the analysis of scientific mapping within a longitudinal framework with SciMAT. The results show a stability index of the research field of 58%, showing its gradual consolidation. This field emphasizes the topics of computational thinking, curriculum, educational innovation, human behavior in design, libraries, problem-solving, requirement engineering, system design thinking, systems engineering competencies, and user-centered design. Human behavior in design, and requirement engineering are the driving themes of the specialty for the period 2019-2022. In the same way, computational thinking and curriculum appears as a basic and transversal theme for this period and is very fundamental in the STEAM areas. Therefore, the identified themes simultaneously focus on conscious human behavior, interaction, and emotional involvement. Meanwhile, there is still limited discussion about human behavior related to STEAM areas.
High‐Resolution Near‐Surface Imaging at the Basin Scale Using Dark Fiber and Distributed Acoustic Sensing: Toward Site Effect Estimation in Urban Environments

Near‐surface seismic structure, particularly the shear wave velocity (Vs), can strongly affect local site response, and should be accurately estimated for ground motion prediction during seismic hazard assessment. The Imperial Valley (California), occupying the southern end of the Salton Trough, is a seismically active basin with thick surficial lacustrine sedimentary deposits. In this study, we utilize ambient noise records and local earthquake events for high‐resolution near‐surface characterization and site effect estimation with an unlit fiber‐optic telecommunication infrastructure (dark fiber) in Imperial Valley by using the distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) technique. We apply ambient noise interferometry to retrieve coherent surface waves from DAS records, and evaluate performances of three different surface wave methods on DAS ambient noise dispersion imaging. We develop a quality control workflow to improve the dispersion measurement of noisy portions of the DAS data set by using a data selection strategy. Using the joint inversion of both the fundamental mode and higher overtones of Rayleigh waves, a high resolution two‐dimensional (2D) Vs structure down to 70 m depth is obtained. We successfully achieve an improved Vs30 (the time‐averaged shear‐wave velocity in the top 30 m) model with higher spatial‐resolution and reliability compared to the existing community model for the area. We also explore the potential for utilizing DAS earthquake events for site amplification estimation. The preliminary results reveal a clear anti‐correlation between the approximated site response and the Vs30 profile. Our results indicate the potential utility of DAS deployed on dark fiber for near‐surface characterization in appropriate contexts.
Effect of Heat–Moisture Treatment on the Structure and Digestibility of Sweet Potato Starch

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of temperature changes during heat–moisture treatment (HMT) on the appearance, structure and digestibility of sweet potato starch (SPS). The results showed that after HMT, there were depressions, cavities and fragments on the surface of SPS particles. The polarized crosses of SPS were irregular and partially blurred. The relative crystallinity and short-range order of SPS decreased, while rearrangement and reorientation of the starch molecules occurred and the thermal stability increased. The resistant starch content of SPS reached the highest (24.77%) after 4 h treatment at 110 °C and 25% moisture. The obtained results can provide a reference for the modification of SPS.
Silica in Bering Sea Deep and Bottom Water

Neither the enormously high concentrations of silicic acid, higher than in any other ocean basin, nor the source, rate of supply, and flushing of the deep and bottom waters of the Bering Sea basins have been adequately explained. In this paper these questions are examined using the few available data, and a model describing the silicate distribution is proposed. The source for Bering Sea bottom water is North Pacific water from ~3,5004,000 m depths, which enters through the westernmost pass in the AleutianCommander island arc (Kamchatka Strait) with high silicate concentrations, and then circulates into the other basins. The bottom water slowly displaces the deep water upward; at the same time silicic acid concentrations are increased by regeneration both within the water columns and from the bottom. Model results suggest bottom regeneration rates are about 45 times faster than those within the water columns, and that total residence times for the deep water are about 250-300 years. The deep Bering Sea acts like an “appendix” to the North Pacific Ocean—it may be an important location to monitor certain aspects of both climate change and anthropogenic pollution.
Carbon dioxide and methane emissions across tropical and subtropical inland water ecosystems in Brazil: meta-analysis of general patterns and potential drivers

Investigations on CO2 and CH4 emissions from aquatic systems have increased in the last decades, but most studies focus on high-latitude water bodies, with limited information available for tropical and subtropical zones. Here, we compiled CO2 and CH4 emissions by lentic, lotic, and other types of aquatic ecosystems (e.g., floodplains, estuaries, and mangroves) in different biomes in Brazil. We used a literature search of papers published in the last ~ 30 years to analyze reported emission rates, if they were from the diffusive (DF) and/or ebullitive (EB) pathways, and the most used methods. Most studies were carried out in two biomes (Amazon and Atlantic rainforest). The highest emissions were reported in lentic ecosystems (from 0.05 to 4568 mmol CO2 m-2 day-1, and from 0.19 to 348 mmol CH4 m-2 day-1). The DF pathway was more frequently analyzed, and the floating chamber was the most used measurement method. Our analyses indicated the EB pathway can be significant, especially for CH4 in shallow waters. There were many missing data for either DF or EB so we used studies that measured both and system depth to estimate the missing values and then used total emissions (DF+EB) to run predictive models. For the CO2 emissions, pH, water depth, dissolved oxygen, and water temperature were important predictors, whereas the potential drivers for the CH4 emissions were electrical conductivity and the CO2 emissions. More data are necessary to more clearly characterize the drivers of the emissions of such gases, further understand the dynamics of their emissions, as well as refine emission inventories on both regional and global scales in tropical regions.
Pseudo-Colorizing Scheme Using Vector Quantization of Luminance Mapping Techniques

In this paper, we present an effective algorithm for colorizing a grayscale video sequence. There are two phases to be achieved the goal; one is we use transferring colorizing technique to colorize the background scenes. The other is the pseudo-colorizing technique be used to colorize the object. In our approach, a color image, an RGB2e αβ color transform (e=luminance, αβ=chrominance), and a block-based Vector Quantization of Luminance Mapping (VQLM) technique are used to automatically colorize the grayscale background scenes. The VQLM technique compares the grayscale scene with the luminance of the color reference to obtain the information of the αβ planes of the grayscale scene. After the chrominance is padded, the inverse color transform, eαβ2RGB, the grayscale scene was colorized. In addition, we pre-select several colors associated with the pseudo-colorizing (PC) technique to colorize the object of the grayscale video sequences, like the human hair, skin, shirt, and pants, respectively. Compared to the other colorizing schemes, our proposed method has two advantages: 1) The VQLM and reference color image can perfectly colorize the background scenes automatically; 2) The PC and image processing techniques achieve effective colorizing of the object.
Using Qualitative Meta-Synthesis to Develop a Risk and Internationalization Framework

Risk can be perceived in the following three different ways: (1) risk as danger – when the consequences are negative; (2) risk as uncertainty – when the variables are unknown and cannot be measured; and (3) risk as opportunity – when there is a positive return. The internationalization process is when companies expand to the international market to be exposed to high risks, which can negatively influence their performance. However, internationalization can also provide an opportunity for positive returns. Therefore, to understand how risk is analyzed in the internationalization of companies, a rigorous search for case studies was carried out. Accordingly, meta-synthesis by Hoon (2013) proved to be methodologically effective. For the meta-synthesis, 24 internationalization risks were analyzed from 19 articles based on 201 interviews from 94 companies across 17 different countries. We conclude that different internationalization processes (gradual or rapid) can result in different risk perceptions, and that companies do not avoid risks, they manage them. Our theoretical contribution highlights different perceptions of risks for each internationalization process. We propose a theoretical framework derived from this first meta-synthesis on the subject in the literature.
Tropical cyclone induced cooling: another mechanism for providing thermal refuge for coral reefs in an era of climate warming?

iv Acknowledgements . vii Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 1.1 Disturbance of coral reefs . 1 1.1.1 Reef response to individual disturbances . 4 1.1.2 Interactions between disturbances: potential for ‘ecological surprises’ . 5 1.1.3 Coral reef conservation in an era of global climate change . 6 1.2 Increasing thermal stress on coral reefs . 9 1.2. 1 The coral reef response to thermal stress . 9 1.2. 2 Acclimation and adaptation . 10 1.2. 3 Forecast for the future . 11 1.3 Tropical cyclones and coral reefs: a love-hate relationship . 12 1.3. 1 Basic structure of a TC . 12 1.3. 2 The spatial and temporal distribution of TCs . 14 1.3. 3 Processes of cyclone wave damage . 16 1.3. 4 Processes of cyclone induced cooling . 18 1.4 Research aims and thesis outline . 22 1.4. 1 Study Area . 24 Chapter 2: Assessing the potential for tropical cyclone induced sea surface cooling to reduce thermal stress on the world’s coral reefs . 25 2.
Psychological Distress & Coping among Nurses working with COVID-19 patients in a tertiary care hospital in India: A cross-sectional study.

Objective: This study aimed to understand the psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic on Indian nursing professionals and their strategies of coping with it. Method: This was a cross-sectional observational study conducted on nursing professionals (staff and students) of a tertiary care hospital, medical college and research centre in North India. Results: Among 103 participants, most participants were females (84.5%), graduates, married and lived with families. Most participants and their families responded to COVID duty with anxiety, fear and stress. Physical discomfort and inadequate PPE supply were main challenges perceived while working. Depressive symptoms were seen in 41% participants, 55% reported anxiety and 35% reported clinically significant stress. Participants working in COVID duty reported significantly higher anxiety compared to those who were not. Those with positive personal and family reactions towards COVID duties reported lower anxiety and stress scores. Those who perceived work-related discrimination had higher depression, anxiety and stress scores. Majority of participants employed approach-based coping styles with acceptance as the most commonly used coping strategy. Acceptance and planning were significantly higher in participants who had done COVID-19 duties compared to those who had not. Conclusion: Understanding adverse psychological impact of COVID-19 on nursing professionals is of utmost importance as it has a direct bearing on patient care. Efforts for promoting comfort in work environment, psychological, familial and social support and activities promoting healthy coping are recommended during challenging times.
Does Conservation Agriculture Matters in Swazis’ Economy? Evidence from Maize Producing Farmers in Ngwempisi Rural Development Area of Swaziland

The purpose of the study was to determine the economic impact of conservation agriculture on maize production in the Ngwempisi Rural Development Area of Swaziland. Data were obtained from maize farmers distributed equally among farmers practicing conservation agriculture and conventional agriculture. Data obtained were analyzed by the use of descriptive analysis as well as budgeting technique of analysis. Results showed that maize farmers operating under conservation agriculture obtained higher profit level with an average gross margin of about E 3609 compared with an average gross margin of about E161 obtained for maize farmers who operated under conventional agriculture. Majority of farmers practicing conservation agriculture were males with an average age of about 48 years. It was recommended that famers who are currently not practicing conservation agriculture should adopt the method. Key words: Conservation agriculture, production, input costs, Swaziland