Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Direct dotterising or angioplasty of acute stroke due to tandem atherosclerotic occlusions

Background Tandem occlusions cause 10–15% of LVO acute ischemic strokes but are difficult to treat endovascularly and frequently excluded from clinical trials. The optimum endovascular method is still debated, however going directly through the carotid occlusion can speed up the procedure and reduce procedural risk by eliminating an exchange maneuver. Method Using retrospective data from three centers, we compared treating atherosclerotic tandem occlusions using a 0.035'-guidewire and direct dotterisation or angioplasty with a peripheral vascular balloon suitable for the wire, vs. the usual technique of an 0.014'wire. We compared the successful recanalization (mTICI 2b-3) rates, 90 days' functional outcomes (mRS 0–2), and puncture-to-recanalization times between both procedures. Results Forty-two consecutive patients with atherosclerotic tandem occlusions were included; 25 were treated with the 0.014'wire technique and 17 with the 0.035'-guidewire and direct dotterisation or angioplasty with a peripheral vascular balloon technique. The direct technique achieved a higher rate of successful recanalization (100 vs. 72%, P = 0.018), better functional outcome (88.4 vs. 48.0%, P = 0.044), and faster procedure times (mean 65.1 mins vs. 114.8 mins, P < 0.001). The number of attempts was similar between both groups (median 2 vs 3 attempts, P = 0.101). There was no significant difference in the complication rate between both groups (5.9 vs. 12.0%, P = 0.462). Conclusion Compared to previous endovascular techniques for treating atherosclerotic tandem occlusions, the direct technique using standard 0.035' guidewires and dotterisation or a peripheral vascular balloon is significantly faster with better outcomes. However, this will require further external validation in larger cohorts.
Amplification of the poorer ear by StereoBiCROS in case of asymmetric sensorineural hearing loss: effect on tinnitus

Tinnitus is prevalent among patients suffering from Single-Sided Deafness (SSD) and Asymmetrical Hearing Loss (AHL). In addition to bothersome tinnitus in the poorer ear, these patients also report issues with understanding speech in noise and sound localization. The conventional treatment options offered to these patients to improve auditory abilities are cochlear implantation, bone conduction devices or Contralateral Routing Of Signal (CROS) hearing aids. It was recently found that the benefit of cochlear implantation for tinnitus associated with AHL/SSD was greater than the other two approaches. It is conceivable that the lack of stimulation provided to the poorer ear in these last approaches explains their modest impact on tinnitus perception. A new technology that combines the ability to reroute the sound from the poorer ear to the good ear (CROS system) while still stimulating the poorer ear with conventional sound amplification has recently been developed: the StereoBiCROS system. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of this new device on tinnitus. Twelve AHL and two SSD patients aged 70.7 ± 7.9 years with tinnitus were fitted with bilateral hearing aids that included 3 programs: Stereophonic, BiCROS and StereoBiCROS (CROS + bilateral amplification). The short-and long-term effect of the approach on tinnitus was assessed using a tinnitus Loudness Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI), respectively. Both the VAS and the THI were used before and one month after the hearing aid fitting. Of the 14 patients who used their hearing aids daily (12.6 ± 1.6 h per day) the StereoBiCROS program was the most used program (81.8 ± 20.5% of the time). The average THI total score decreased from 47 (± 22) to 15 (± 16) (p = 0.002) and the VAS-Loudness score decreased from 7 (± 1) to 2 (± 2) (p < 0.001) after the one-month trial period. In conclusion, StereoBiCROS stimulation strategy seems to offer an effective alternative to reduce tinnitus handicap and loudness for patients with AHL/SSD and tinnitus. This effect may be driven by sound amplification of the poorer ear.
Conduction treatment of temporal lobe epilepsy in rats: the dose-effect relationship between current resistance and therapeutic effect

Objective To investigate the effect of current resistance on therapeutic outcomes, and the mechanism of current conduction treatment in a rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Methods Rats were randomly divided into four groups: normal control, epileptic group, low-resistance conduction (LRC) and high-resistance conduction (HRC) group. The content of glutamate (Glu) and gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) in the hippocampus was determined using a neurotransmitter analyzer. mRNA and protein expression of interleukin 1β (IL-1β) /IL-1 receptor 1(IL-1R1) and high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB-1)/toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) in hippocampal neurons were tested. Video electroencephalogram monitoring was used to record seizures and EEG discharges. Cognitive function in the rats was tested using the Morris water maze. Results Glu/GABA ratio in the epileptic control and HRC groups was significant differences from LRC group. The levels of HMGB1/TLR4 and IL-1β/IL-1R1 in the LRC group and normal control group were significantly lower than those in epileptic control group (p < 0.01) and the HRC group. The mRNA levels of HMGB1/TLR4 and IL-1β/IL-1R1 in the LRC group and normal control group were significantly lower than those in epileptic control group. The frequency of total and propagated seizures was lower in the LRC group than in the epileptic control and HRC groups (p < 0.01). The numbers of platform crossings in the LRC group and normal control group were significantly higher than those in the epileptic control and HRC groups in the space exploration experiment. Conclusion Current resistance affected seizure control and cognitive protection in rats with TLE treated by current conduction. The lower current resistance, the better seizure control and cognitive protection in rats with TLE treated by current conduction. Glu/GABA, IL-1β/IL-1R1, and HMGB1/TLR-4 may participate in the anti-seizure mechanism of current conduction treatment.
The establishment and validation of a prediction model for traumatic intracranial injury patients: a reliable nomogram

Objective Traumatic brain injury (TBI) leads to death and disability. This study developed an effective prognostic nomogram for assessing the risk factors for TBI mortality. Method Data were extracted from an online database called “Multiparameter Intelligent Monitoring in Intensive Care IV” (MIMIC IV). The ICD code obtained data from 2,551 TBI persons (first ICU stay, >18 years old) from this database. R divided samples into 7:3 training and testing cohorts. The univariate analysis determined whether the two cohorts differed statistically in baseline data. This research used forward stepwise logistic regression after independent prognostic factors for these TBI patients. The optimal variables were selected for the model by the optimal subset method. The optimal feature subsets in pattern recognition improved the model prediction, and the minimum BIC forest of the high-dimensional mixed graph model achieved a better prediction effect. A nomogram-labeled TBI-IHM model containing these risk factors was made by nomology in State software. Least Squares OLS was used to build linear models, and then the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted. The TBI-IHM nomogram model's validity was determined by receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs), correction curve, Hosmer-Lemeshow test, integrated discrimination improvement (IDI), net reclassification improvement (NRI), and decision-curve analysis (DCA). Result The eight features with a minimal BIC model were mannitol use, mechanical ventilation, vasopressor use, international normalized ratio, urea nitrogen, respiratory rate, and cerebrovascular disease. The proposed nomogram (TBI-IHM model) was the best mortality prediction model, with better discrimination and superior model fitting for severely ill TBI patients staying in ICU. The model's receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was the best compared to the seven other models. It might be clinically helpful for doctors to make clinical decisions. Conclusion The proposed nomogram (TBI-IHM model) has significant potential as a clinical utility in predicting mortality in TBI patients.
Hepatic and portal vein Doppler ultrasounds in assessing liver inflammation and fibrosis in chronic HBV infection with a normal ALT level

Aims To discuss the clinical value of hepatic and portal vein Doppler ultrasounds in assessing liver inflammation and fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, and a normal alanine transaminase (ALT) level. Methods 94 patients with chronic HBV infections who had undergone ultrasound-guided liver biopsies were enrolled and grouped by the liver tissue pathological results. Analyzed the differences and correlation between parameters of the hepatic and portal vein Doppler ultrasounds are discussed across different degrees of liver inflammation and fibrosis. Results There were 27 patients with no significant liver damage and 67 patients with significant liver damage, there were significant differences in the parameters of the hepatic and portal vein Doppler ultrasounds between them (p < 0.05). As liver inflammation was aggravated, the inner diameter of the portal vein increased, and the blood flow velocities of the portal and superior mesenteric veins decreased (p < 0.05). When liver fibrosis became more severe, the inner diameter of the portal vein increased, while the blood flow velocities of the portal, superior mesenteric, and splenic veins decreased, and the Doppler waveforms of hepatic veins became unidirectional or flat (p < 0.05). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed the assessment efficacy of hepatic and portal vein Doppler ultrasounds was superior to abdominal Doppler ultrasound alone in assessing liver fibrosis, and the combination of the two examination techniques outperformed any technique used alone. Conclusion The hepatic and portal vein Doppler ultrasounds have important clinical value for assessing liver fibrosis in patients with chronic HBV infection, to aid improve the diagnosis of liver fibrosis.
Chaudhuri’s Dashboard of Vitals in Parkinson’s syndrome: an unmet need underpinned by real life clinical tests

We have recently published the notion of the “vitals” of Parkinson’s, a conglomeration of signs and symptoms, largely nonmotor, that must not be missed and yet often not considered in neurological consultations, with considerable societal and personal detrimental consequences. This “dashboard,” termed the Chaudhuri’s vitals of Parkinson’s, are summarized as 5 key vital symptoms or signs and comprise of (a) motor, (b) nonmotor, (c) visual, gut, and oral health, (d) bone health and falls, and finally (e) comorbidities, comedication, and dopamine agonist side effects, such as impulse control disorders. Additionally, not addressing the vitals also may reflect inadequate management strategies, leading to worsening quality of life and diminished wellness, a new concept for people with Parkinson’s. In this paper, we discuss possible, simple to use, and clinically relevant tests that can be used to monitor the status of these vitals, so that these can be incorporated into clinical practice. We also use the term Parkinson’s syndrome to describe Parkinson’s disease, as the term “disease” is now abandoned in many countries, such as the U.K., reflecting the heterogeneity of Parkinson’s, which is now considered by many as a syndrome.
Nucleus incertus provides eye velocity and position signals to the vestibulo-ocular cerebellum: a new perspective of the brainstem–cerebellum–hippocampus network

The network formed by the brainstem, cerebellum, and hippocampus occupies a central position to achieve navigation. Multiple physiological functions are implicated in this complex behavior. Among these, control of the eye–head and body movements is crucial. The gaze-holding system realized by the brainstem oculomotor neural integrator (ONI) situated in the nucleus prepositus hypoglossi and fine-tuned by the contribution of different regions of the cerebellum assumes the stability of the image on the fovea. This function helps in the recognition of environmental targets and defining appropriate navigational pathways further elaborated by the entorhinal cortex and hippocampus. In this context, an enigmatic brainstem area situated in front of the ONI, the nucleus incertus (NIC), is implicated in the dynamics of brainstem–hippocampus theta oscillation and contains a group of neurons projecting to the cerebellum. These neurons are characterized by burst tonic behavior similar to the burst tonic neurons in the ONI that convey eye velocity-position signals to the cerebellar flocculus. Faced with these forgotten cerebellar projections of the NIC, the present perspective discusses the possibility that, in addition to the already described pathways linking the cerebellum and the hippocampus via the medial septum, these NIC signals related to the vestibulo-ocular reflex and gaze holding could participate in the hippocampal control of navigation.
The Quest for α: Developments in Multiple Comparison Procedures in the Quarter Century Since Games (1971)

In a highly regarded work, Games (1971) presented state-of-the-art multiple comparison procedures (MCPs) for a variety of research scenarios and sought to bring order to the seemingly chaotic array of MCPs being used at that time. The current article is a sequel of sorts, placing Games’s insights in the context of many of the major developments in simultaneous and sequential inference since his article’s publication. Specifically, we address the common MCP scenarios of orthogonal contrasts, nonorthogonal contrasts, comparisons against a reference group, all possible pairwise comparisons, and exploratory post hoc contrasts, all under the assumed conditions of independent scores, normality, and homogeneity of variance. In addition, discussions of the philosophical issues surrounding the control of Type I error rates are presented.
Skepsis und wachsendes Unbehagen — eine Methodenkritik an Großstudien

Facharzt für Allgemeinmedizin, Dresden Peer reviewed article eingereicht: 29.12. 2014, akzeptiert: 03.03. 2015 DOI 10.3238/zfa.2015. 0173–0176 Ich bin niedergelassener Allgemeinarzt und lese von Zeit zu Zeit einige der größeren Medikamentenstudien. Ich habe weder wissenschaftliche Ambitionen noch habe ich berufspolitische Absichten und beschäftige mich mit diesen Studien lediglich, um die Medikamente genauer zu kennen, die ich tagtäglich verschreibe. Meine Facharztausbildung absolvierte ich in Großbritannien. Dort machte ich meine ersten grundlegend positiven Erfahrungen mit der Evidenzbasierten Medizin (EbM). Ich arbeitete bis 2003 als Hausarzt in Birmingham/UK, bevor ich aus familiären Gründen wieder nach Deutschland zog. In diese Zeit fällt die Veröffentlichung der Heart Protection Study (HPS) [2–4]. Die HPS ist die bislang größte Studie mit einem cholesterinsenkenden Medikament und beschreibt einen großen Nutzen von Simvastatin für eine Vielzahl von verschiedenen Patientengruppen. Die damalige Euphorie hatte mich verwundert. Ich begann mit dem intensiven Lesen dieser und anderer Studien. Meine ersten Irritationen waren zaghaft und betrachteten vor allem die alltagsferne Patientenrekrutierung. Doch je genauer ich mich in diese Studien einzulesen begann, umso stärker wuchsen meine Skepsis und mein Unbehagen. Ermuntert durch die aktuelle Diskussion um ,,EbM: a movement in crisis“ des BMJ, die jüngst im Deutschen Ärzteblatt aufgenommen wurde [1], möchte ich exemplarisch anhand einiger großer, häufig zitierter Studien meine Zweifel an deren Interpretation erläutern. Heart Protection Study (HPS)
A Comparative Study of Quantum Machine Learning Enhanced SVM and Classical SVM for Brain Stroke Prediction

A stroke is a medical condition in which the blood vessels in the brain gets damaged according to the WHO. It is also one of the most significant causes of death. Brain stroke can be prevented, if necessary, measures are taken by the individuals who are at the higher probability of suffering from it. In this work, a method has been proposed using quantum enhanced support vector machine for brain stroke prediction. This prediction is done based on the medical history and the physical attributes of a body. A model built which predict if a patient will suffer from brain stroke or not. In this work, quantum enhanced support vector machine algorithms are also compared against the traditional SVM algorithms.
Tomato disease degree recognition based on RGB and Lab color space conversion method

In this paper, a lightweight convolutional neural network model is proposed to diagnose the disease severity of tomato infection. Different regions of tomato leaf image had obvious threshold differences in Lab color space, and the grading label of disease infection degree of each tomato leaf image was obtained. At the same time, in order to solve the problems of low efficiency and general recognition accuracy of artificial recognition of tomato leaf diseases, and unable to accurately judge the tomato disease grade, this paper proposed a new method based on lightweight convolutional neural network, which selected ShuffleNet V2 as the backbone and applied Attention mechanisms that coordinate channel and spatial bidirectional perception. The results of a large number of cross-validation experiments showed that the accuracy of the network structure in classifying the severity of four common tomato leaf diseases and one healthy leaf infection was 91.817%, and the average accuracy was 85.496%.
Mental health detection and anticipation analysis using Deep Learning

There has been more research into how deep learning could help find, diagnose, and treat mental health disorders because of how common they are, how important. When applied to the study of human behaviour, deep learning techniques may reveal hitherto unexplored pathways, diagnosing mental health issues, forecasting the course of diseases, and tailoring and improving treatment plans. Despite the promising prospects for M$\mathrm{L}^{\prime}$s use in mental health, this is still a nascent area of study, and there is a wide range of complicated, intertwined problems that must be overcome in order to produce successful ML-enabled applications that can be put into reality. This paper provides an overview of the existing deep learning work on psycho-socially based mental health disorders in the computing and HCI literature and aims to identify new paths for increasing growth in this crucial area. The investigation includes a quantitative synthesis and a qualitative narrative assessment, which together revealed widespread patterns, voids, and difficulties in this field. In this paper, we have covered the history of AI, ML, and DL models for the diagnosis of mental health problems. All of these subtopics were selected because they are directly related to the main subject. One of our key goals in writing this piece was to conduct research into the field of mental health and identify the best deep learning model for early identification of mental health problems.
Design of Transcranial Electromagnetic Therapy Device Based on Kano

With the deepening of the development and application of Internet of Things technology in the medical field, product design and interaction design have developed greatly. The market demand of the medical industry continues to expand, and the use environment of medical equipment has expanded from hospitals to families, and users' requirements for medical rehabilitation equipment have also increased, forming higher emotional needs. The Kano evaluation method was used to obtain the needs of autistic patients for transcranial electromagnetic therapy equipment, and the questionnaire survey screened and sorted out the perceptual vocabulary, established a sample bank, selected typical samples, and analyzed the semantic evaluation method to obtain the data to vaguely interpret the patient's perceptual intention. There are different opinions between doctors and patients on design requirements, many differences in functional requirements, and similar opinions on modeling and interaction requirements. Through the Kano model to investigate the needs of both doctors and patients and perceptual engineering, the patient's perceptual needs are transformed into the design elements of the product into usable data, which provides a method for extracting the design elements and transforming them into applications, and realizes the appearance of transcranial electromagnetic therapy device for optimal design.
A Novel Pseudo-Flash Based Digital Low Dropout (LDO) Voltage Regulator

In this paper, we present a pseudo-flash based digital low dropout (Digital LDO) voltage regulator. The novelty of our pseudo-flash based Digital LDO (PFD-LDO) voltage regulator lies in the fact that we use pseudo-flash (or alternately, flash) transistor subarrays for voltage regulation. By changing the threshold voltage (and thereby, the ON resistance) of these transistors, we can use the same design to meet different regulator specifications. The threshold voltage can be programmed either at the factory by the manufacturer or in the field by the user. This gives the manufacturer the ability to offer a family of LDO regulators with a single design, a significant economic advantage. In addition, aging effects and temperature variations are effectively erased since the threshold voltage of the pseudo-flash (or flash) transistors can be tuned to a fine degree in the field. Similarly, process variations can be cancelled after manufacturing in the factory. These advantages are absent in traditional LDO regulators. Our design uses two subarrays. A coarse subarray is used to reduce the recovery time and output voltage overshoot/undershoot, while a fine subarray regulates the output voltage, minimizing the output voltage ripple. Unlike state-of-the-art LDO regulators, our design can realize multiple specifications with the same circuit. For example, we demonstrate that the Vout of the proposed PFD-LDO regulator can range from 0.7V to 1.7V when the supply voltage VIN ranges from 0.8V to 1.8V, using the same circuit design. Over this voltage range, the proposed PFD-LDO regulator achieves Vshoot < 144mV, trec < 0. 41µs and Vripple < 7.3mV when the Imax ranges from 15mA to 250mA.
Implementation and Efficiency Calculation of Fuel-Cell Vehicles Using a Bidirectional DC/DC Converter with ZVS

Fuel-cell (FC) vehicles are attracting much interest due to their advantages. In FC-powered vehicles, the application of DC/DC converters is for interfacing between the FC and the DC bus. Due to some of the inherent characteristics of FCs, such as large variations in the output voltage, efficiency improvement for different operation points is vital for optimal performance. Moreover, the bidirectional operation can be useful, for example, to charge supercapacitors in electric vehicles (EVs). In this article, the role of a DC/DC converter is as part of the interface system, and efficiency analysis is performed for an EV application. The design and application of the DC/DC converter are optimised based on the EV application's use case scenario. First, the converter's efficiency is analysed for a range of switching frequencies, input voltages, and duty cycles, with basic operations considered later. All the required relations and operating conditions are explained, and simulation results confirm the theoretical analysis.