Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Momentum Budget of a Squall Line with Trailing Stratiform Precipitation: Calculations with a High-Resolution Numerical Model

Abstract In this paper, the authors investigate the momentum budget of a squall line with trailing stratiform precipitation by examining how the momentum balance varies with respect to the storm's internal structure. In particular, the authors determine differences between the momentum budgets of the convective and stratiform precipitation regions, which are physically distinct parts of the storm. The results from a high-resolution nonhydrostatic numerical simulation of the two-dimensional segment of the 10–11 June 1985 PRE-STORM squall line are used. The momentum equation is averaged over a 300-km-wide large-scale area for time periods of 1 h. On the 1-h timescale, the convective-scale temporal variations of horizontal and vertical velocities are nearly uncorrelated, and thus their contribution to the momentum flux is negligible. The remaining standing-eddy and mean-flow circulations account for the momentum flux on this timescale. The combination of the standing eddy and mean flow behave almost exactly .
Somatic Variants in SVIL in Cerebral Aneurysms

Background and Objectives While somatic mutations have been well-studied in cancer, their roles in other complex traits are much less understood. Our goal is to identify somatic variants that may contribute to the formation of saccular cerebral aneurysms. Methods We performed whole-exome sequencing on aneurysm tissues and paired peripheral blood. RNA sequencing and the CRISPR/Cas9 system were then used to perform functional validation of our results. Results Somatic variants involved in supervillin (SVIL) or its regulation were found in 17% of aneurysm tissues. In the presence of a mutation in the SVIL gene, the expression level of SVIL was downregulated in the aneurysm tissue compared with normal control vessels. Downstream signaling pathways that were induced by knockdown of SVIL via the CRISPR/Cas9 system in vascular smooth muscle cells (vSMCs) were determined by evaluating changes in gene expression and protein kinase phosphorylation. We found that SVIL regulated the phenotypic modulation of vSMCs to the synthetic phenotype via Krüppel-like factor 4 and platelet-derived growth factor and affected cell migration of vSMCs via the RhoA/ROCK pathway. Discussion We propose that somatic variants form a novel mechanism for the development of cerebral aneurysms. Specifically, somatic variants in SVIL result in the phenotypic modulation of vSMCs, which increases the susceptibility to aneurysm formation. This finding suggests a new avenue for the therapeutic intervention and prevention of cerebral aneurysms.
VLBI aperture synthesis observations of the OH maser source W75 N

We conducted very long baseline interferometric (VLBI) observations of the OH maser source in W75 N at 1665 MHz. The OH emission was mapped with aperture synthesis techniques using a seven station array of telescopes across the United States which provided a synthesized beam of approx.0. ''015 diameter. The maser emission consists of nine components in an elongated region that has a major axis of 1. ''5 (0.15 pc) and a position angle of 20/sup 0/. The maser components systematically increase in velocity from 3.8 to 13.2 km s/sup -1/ along this axis. The absolute position of the OH maser source was measured to an accuracy of 0. ''2, confirming the association of the OH maser with the ultracompact H II region W75 N. Very large array observations of the continuum emission from W75 N at 4885 MHz indicate that the OH maser components are aligned with an extension of the ultracompact H II region. Our observations suggest that a binary protostellar system may excite the H II region, and that the OH maser reside in a rotating disk of remnant material out of which the binary formed.
THE ISOLATED STILL FRAME AS SUBLIMINAL AGENT: ANALYSIS AND CATEGORISATION

Among the possible subliminal stimuli that a film may contain, the focus of this study is on those that are viewed for such a short time that they do not enter the spectator’s conscious mind. This occurs when the viewing time of the stimulus does not exceed the subjective threshold but is still long enough to have an impact on the spectator, triggering certain neural processes that influence the reception of subsequent supraliminal stimuli. The on-screen duration of this stimulus must necessarily be limited to a single still frame, as the subjective threshold will be exceeded if there is more than one. For this reason, it is not possible to speak of a “subliminal shot,” but only of a “subliminal frame. ” This fleeting frame has no influence on the narrative of the film, as it does not have any time span, nor is it capa-ble of influencing the narrative or dramatic development of the film; however, based on the cognitive and emotional impact it can have on the images that follow them, subliminal frames can be distinguished and categorised according to their nature and characteristics, with a view to determining their cognitive effects, and formulating useful parameters for their design, function, and location.
Moving Interaction by Controlling Yourself in Virtual Space

In this demonstration, we propose a method of movement in virtual space. The user becomes a ball that can roll through the virtual space and is operated from a first-person perspective. There are several objects in virtual space, which correspond to miniature objects in real space that match their appearance and movement. Users could manipulate these real space objects themselves, lifting and moving themselves in virtual space to break through some of the barriers that exist in virtual space. In this method, we observed that users experienced less motion sickness, even though they were standing still in the real space and only the images were moving. This system enables users to interact themselves from real space to virtual space
The Multi-Orbits Skew Spectrum: Boosting Permutation-Invariant Data Representations

We generalize the concept of skew spectrum of a graph, a group-theoretical permutation-invariant feature mapping. The skew spectrum considers adjacency matrices as functions over S n and leverages Fourier transform and group-theoretical tools to extract features that are invariant under the group action. The main short-coming of the previous result is that the skew spectrum only works for unlabeled graphs. The reason is that these graphs can be represented using matrices whose main diagonal contains zeros, meaning that there is only one set of elements that can permute among themselves (i.e., one orbit). However, the representations of more complex graphs (e.g., labeled graphs, multigraphs, or hypergraphs) have different sets of elements that can consistently permute on different orbits. In this work, we generalize the skew spectrum to the multiple orbits case. Our multi-orbits skew spectrum produces features invariant to such permutations and possibly informative of non-consistent ones. We show this method can improve the performances of models that learn on graphs by providing comparisons with single orbit representations and eigenvalues. Moreover, the theory is general enough to handle invariance under the action of any ﬁnite group on multiple orbits and has applications beyond the graph domain.
Retraction Retracted: Biometric Recognition of Finger Knuckle Print Based on the Fusion of Global Features and Local Features

Compared with the most traditional fingerprint identification, knuckle print and hand shape are more stable, not easy to abrase, forge, and pilfer; in aspect of image acquisition, the requirement of acquisition equipment and environment are not high; and the noncontact acquisition method also greatly improves the users’ satisfaction; therefore, finger knuckle print and hand shape of single-mode identification system have attracted extensive attention both at home and abroad. A large number of studies show that multibiometric fusion can greatly improve the recognition rate, antiattack, and robustness of the biometric recognition system. A method combining global features and local features was designed for the recognition of finger knuckle print images. On the one hand, principal component analysis (PCA) was used as the global feature for rapid recognition. On the other hand, the local binary pattern (LBP) operator was taken as the local feature in order to extract the texture features that can reflect details. A two-layer serial fusion strategy is proposed in the combination of global and local features. Firstly, the sample library scope was narrowed according to the global matching result. Secondly, the matching result was further determined by fine matching. By combining the fast speed of global coarse matching and the high accuracy of local refined matching, the designed method can improve the recognition rate and the recognition speed.
Transfer Parameter Analysis of Chloride Ingress into Concrete Based on Long-Term Exposure Tests in China’s Coastal Region

Chloride penetration resistance is one of the most important performance measures for the evaluation of the durability of concrete under a chloride environment. Due to differences in theory and experimental conditions, the durability index (chloride diffusion coefficient) obtained from laboratory accelerated migration tests cannot reflect the real process of chloride ingress into concrete in the natural environment. The difference in test methods must be considered and the transfer parameter kt should be introduced into the service life prediction model when the test results of accelerated methods are used. According to the test data of coastal exposure in South China, the attenuation rule of the chloride diffusion coefficient of different cement-based materials changed with time and was analyzed in this paper. Based on the diffusion coefficient–time curve, the theoretical natural diffusion coefficients of 28 d and 56 d were deduced, which were compared with the chloride diffusion coefficients obtained from the non-steady-state rapid migration method (RCM) at the same age. Therefore, the transfer parameter kt that expounds the relationship between concrete resistance to chloride permeability under a non-stationary electrical accelerated state and natural diffusion in the marine environment can be calculated; thus, the RCM testing index can be used to evaluate the long-term performance of the concrete structure in the marine environment. The results show that the value of kt was related to environmental conditions, test methods, and binder systems.
Frequency-Enhanced Channel-Spatial Attention Module for Grain Pests Classification

For grain storage and protection, grain pest species recognition and population density estimation are of great significance. With the rapid development of deep learning technology, many studies have shown that convolutional neural networks (CNN)-based methods perform extremely well in image classification. However, such studies on grain pest classification are still limited in the following two aspects. Firstly, there is no high-quality dataset of primary insect pests specified by standard ISO 6322-3 and the Chinese Technical Criterion for Grain and Oil-seeds Storage (GB/T 29890). The images of realistic storage scenes bring great challenges to the identification of grain pests as the images have attributes of small objects, varying pest shapes and cluttered backgrounds. Secondly, existing studies mostly use channel or spatial attention mechanisms, and as a consequence, useful information in other domains has not been fully utilized. To address such limitations, we collect a dataset named GP10, which consists of 1082 primary insect pest images in 10 species. Moreover, we involve discrete wavelet transform (DWT) in a convolutional neural network to construct a novel triple-attention network (FcsNet) combined with frequency, channel and spatial attention modules. Next, we compare the network performance and parameters against several state-of-the-art networks based on different attention mechanisms. We evaluate the proposed network on our dataset GP10 and open dataset D0, achieving classification accuracy of 73.79% and 98.16%. The proposed network obtains more than 3% accuracy gains on the challenging dataset GP10 with parameters and computation operations slightly increased. Visualization with gradient-weighted class activation mapping (Grad-CAM) demonstrates that FcsNet has comparative advantages in image classification tasks.
Short-Term Anneal of 30-MeV Electron Damage in High-Purity n-Type Silicon

Minority-carrier lifetime and electrical conductivity measurements were used to observe short-term anneal of the primary electrically active defects produced in high-resistivity n-type silicon by 4.5-, ? sec 30-MeV electron pulses. These parameters were monitored from approximately 10 msec to 10 minutes following the electron pulse. Conductivity anneal experiments were conducted over a temperature range of 200° to 340°K, and lifetime experiments from 273° to 340°K. A transient forward anneal (recovery) of minority-carrier lifetime was observed for n-type silicon over this temperature range. This material exhibited a reverse (damge growth) conductivity anneal following a 30-MeV electron pulse. The growth in carrier removal sites with time is attributed to the diffusion of isolated vacancies to form the vacancy-phosphorus complex. The dependence of the anneal time constant and initial carrier removal rate on the Fermi level position suggests that the ? level of the isolated vacancy is above the center of the forbidden gap at approximately 0.39 eV below the conduction band edge
NLO QCD predictions for Z + γ + jets production with Sherpa

We present precise predictions for prompt photon production in association with a Z boson and jets. They are obtained within the Sherpa framework as a consistently merged inclusive sample. Leptonic decays of the Z boson are fully included in the calculation with all off-shell effects. Virtual matrix elements are provided by OpenLoops and parton-shower effects are simulated with a dipole parton shower. Thanks to the NLO QCD corrections included not only for inclusive Z γ production but also for the Z γ + 1-jet process we ﬁnd signiﬁcantly reduced systematic uncertainties and very good agreement with experimental measurements at √ s = 8 TeV. Predictions at √ s = 13 TeV are displayed including a study of theoretical uncertainties. In view of an application of these simulations within LHC experiments, we discuss in detail the necessary combination with a simulation of the Z + jets ﬁnal state. In addition to a corresponding prescription we introduce recommended cross checks to avoid common pitfalls during the overlap removal between the two samples.
On the solution of Maxwell's equations in axisymmetric domains with edges

In this paper we present the basic mathematical tools for treating boundary value problems for the Maxwell equations in three‐dimensional axisymmetric domains with reentrant edges using the Fourier‐finite‐element method. We consider both the classical and the regularized time‐harmonic Maxwell equations subject to perfect conductor boundary conditions. The partial Fourier decomposition reduces the three‐dimensional boundary value problem into an infinite sequence of two‐dimensional boundary value problems in the plane meridian domain of the axsiymmetric domain. Here, suitable weighted Sobolev spaces that characterize the solutions of the reduced problems are given, and their trace properties on the rotational axis are proved. In these spaces, it is proved that the reduced problems are well posed, and the asymptotic behavior of the solutions near reentrant corners of the meridian domain is explicitly described by suitable singularity functions. Finally, a finite number of the two‐dimensional problems is considered and treated using H1‐conforming finite elements. An approximation of the solution of the three‐dimensional problem is obtained by Fourier synthesis. For domains with reentrant edges, the singular field method is employed to compensate the singular behavior of the solutions of the reduced problems. Emphases are given to convergence analysis of the combined approximations in H1 under different regularity assumptions on the solution.
Exploring new boundary conditions for N = ( 1 , 1 ) extended higher-spin Ad S 3 supergravity

In this paper, we present a candidate for N = ( 1 , 1 ) extended higher-spin AdS 3 supergravity with the most general boundary conditions discussed by Grumiller and Riegler recently. We show that the asymptotic symmetry algebra consists of two copies of the osp ( 3 | 2 ) k afﬁne algebra in the presence of the most general boundary conditions. Furthermore, we impose some certain restrictions on gauge ﬁelds on the most general boundary conditions and that leads us to the supersymmetric extension of the Brown–Henneaux boundary conditions. We eventually see that the asymptotic symmetry algebra reduces to two copies of the SW ( 32 , 2 ) algebra for N = ( 1 , 1 ) extended higher-spin supergravity.
Simplified Talbot Interferometers for Lens Testing

Moire fringes and the Talbot self-imaging effect can be combined to produce shearing-interferometric-like maps of lens refractive power with high sensitivity and accuracy. Here we explore the properties of a simplified interferometer, consisting of a white-light source and two dissimilar gratings, designed to be rugged enough for field testing of sunglass lenses.
Ablation of solids using a femtosecond extreme ultraviolet free electron laser

The ablation of solids by high energy femtosecond pulses from an extreme ultraviolet (XUV) free electron laser has been investigated using picosecond optical imaging. The time-resolved measurements are supplemented by an analysis of the permanent structural surface modifications. Compared with femtosecond optical excitation, distinct differences in the material response are found which are attributed to the increased penetration depth of the XUV radiation and the absence of any absorption nonlinearities.
Resonant contributions to three-body B → K K K decays in perturbative QCD approach

In this work, we study the ( S , P and D )-wave K + K − contributions to B → K K K decays in the perturbative QCD approach at leading order. Within the two-meson wave functions describing the nonperturbative dynamics in the kaon-pair for different waves, we calculate the branching fractions and the direct C P asymmetries of these decay modes in the corresponding resonance regions. Most of our numerical results are well consistent with the current measurements. We note that the narrow-width approximation is invalid in the quasi-two-body decays B → K f 0 ( 980 ) → K K K . For other decays, under the narrow-width approximation we can extract the branching fractions of the corresponding two-body decays involving the intermediate resonant states, and the related branching fractions agree with the current experimental data well. Furthermore, we also predict the branching fractions of the corresponding quasi-two-body decays B → K π + π − , which are expected to be tested in the ongoing LHCb and Belle-II experiments.
General expressions for extra-dimensional tree amplitudes and all-plus 1-loop integrands in Q -cut representation

In this paper, we give the general expressions for a special series of tree amplitudes of the Yang–Mills theory. This series of amplitudes have two adjacent massless spin-1 particles with extra-dimensional momenta and any number of positive helicity gluons. With special helicity choices, we use the spinor helicity formalism to express these n -point amplitudes in compact forms, and ﬁnd a clever way to use the BCFW recursion relations to prove the results. Then these amplitudes are used to form the complete 1-loop all-plus integrand with any number of gluons, expressed in the Q -cut representation.
Holographic RG ﬂows and Ad S 5 black strings from 5D half-maximal gauged supergravity

We study ﬁve-dimensional N = 4 gauged supergravity coupled to ﬁve vector multiplets with compact and non-compact gauge groups U ( 1 ) × SU ( 2 ) × SU ( 2 ) and U ( 1 ) × SO ( 3 , 1 ) . For U ( 1 ) × SU ( 2 ) × SU ( 2 ) gauge group, we identify N = 4 AdS 5 vacua with U ( 1 ) × SU ( 2 ) × SU ( 2 ) and U ( 1 ) × SU ( 2 ) diag symmetries and analytically construct the corresponding holographic RG ﬂow interpolating between these critical points. The ﬂow describes a defor-mation of the dual N = 2 SCFT driven by vacuum expectation values of dimension-two operators. In addition, we study AdS 3 × (cid:2) 2 geometries, for (cid:2) 2 being a two-sphere S 2 or a two-dimensional hyperbolic space H 2 , dual to twisted compactiﬁcations of N = 2 SCFTs with ﬂavor symmetry SU ( 2 ) . We ﬁnd a number of AdS 3 × H 2 solutions preserving eight supercharges for different twists from U ( 1 ) × U ( 1 ) × U ( 1 ) and U ( 1 ) × U ( 1 ) diag gauge ﬁelds. We numerically construct various RG ﬂow solutions interpolating between N = 4 AdS 5 critical points and these AdS 3 × H 2 geometries in the IR. The solutions can also be interpreted as supersymmetric black strings in asymptotically AdS 5 space. These types of holographic solutions are also studied in non-compact U ( 1 ) × SO ( 3 , 1 ) gauge group. In this case, only one N = 4 AdS 5 vacuum exists, and we give an RG ﬂow solution from this AdS 5 to a singular geometry in the IR corresponding to an N = 2 non-conformal ﬁeld theory. An AdS 3 × H 2 solution together with an RG ﬂow between this vacuum and the N = 4 AdS 5 are also given.
Measuring the leading hadronic contribution to the muon g -2 via µ e scattering

Weproposeanewexperimenttomeasuretherun-ning of the electromagnetic coupling constant in the space-like region by scattering high-energy muons on atomic electrons of a low- Z target through the elastic process μ e → μ e . The differential cross section of this process, measured as a function of the squared momentum transfer t = q 2 < 0, provides direct sensitivity to the leading-order hadronic contribution to the muon anomaly a HLO μ . By using a muon beam of 150 GeV, with an average rate of ∼ 1.3 × 10 7 muon/s, currently available at the CERN North Area, a statistical uncertainty of ∼ 0.3% can be achieved on a HLO μ after two years of data taking. The direct measurement of a HLO μ via μ e scattering will provide an independent determination, competitive with the time-like dispersive approach