Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Power reserve in interconnected systems with high wind power production

A capacity of installed wind power of 40 GW in Europe, control areas with a wind power production exceeding the maximum load-these are serious plans that may come true in several years. Due to the high fluctuations and the limited predictability of wind power, this development will cause a severe change in the demands on the power reserve. Therefore, this paper introduces an investigation that quantifies the technical consequences of the increasing wind power in Europe on the primary, secondary, and long-term reserve.
A Melon Fruit Grading Machine Using a Miniature VIS/NIR Spectrometer: 1. Calibration Models for the Prediction of Soluble Solids Content and Firmness

th , 2012; Revised: June 27 th , 2012; Accepted: June 29 th , 2012 Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the potential of interactance mode of NIR spectroscopy technology for the estimation of soluble solids content (SSC) and firmness of muskmelons. Methods: Melon samples were taken from local greenhouses in three different harvesting seasons (experiments 1, 2, and 3). The fruit attributes were measured at the 6 points on an equator of each sample where the spectral data were collected. The prediction models were developed using the original spectral data and the spectral data sets preproces sed by 20 methods. The performance of the models was compared. Results: In the prediction of SSC, the highest coefficient of determination (Rcv 2 ) values of the cross-validation was 0.755 (standard error of prediction, SEP=0.89°Brix) with the preprocessing of normalization with range in experiment 1. The highest coefficient of determination in the robustness tests, Rrt 2 =0.650 (SEP=1.03 °Brix), was found when the best model of experiment 3 was evaluated with the data set of experiment 2. The best Rcv 2 for the prediction of firmness was 0.715 (SEP=3.63 N) when no preprocessing was applied in experiment 1. The highest Rrt 2 was 0.404 (SEP=5.30 N) when the best model of experiment 3 was applied to the data set of experiment 1. Conclusions: From the test results, it can be concluded that the interactance mode of VIS/NIR spectroscopy te chnology has a great potential to measure SSC and firmness of thick-skinned muskmelons.
Single‐layer circular polarizer using metamaterial and its application in antenna

In this letter, we report a new type of circular polarizer using a single‐layer metamaterial. The unit cell is composed of a metallic annular‐ring and an embedded strip. Numerical and experimental results show that the linearly polarized plane wave can be converted to circularly polarized wave with a 3‐dB axial ratio bandwidth of about 17%, which is from 13.25 to 15.7 GHz. The polarizer can also keep good circular polarization with incident off‐normal angle in the range of ±30°. Subsequently, this polarizer is applied in the linearly polarized microstrip patch antenna as superstrate, making this antenna composite radiate circularly polarized wave. In addition, the antenna gain is enhanced by about 3 dB in comparison with conventional patch antenna without polarizer. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:1770–1774, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26884
Development of New Crash Experience Warrants for Traffic Signals in Ontario, Canada

Traffic signals, if properly designed and justified according to current engineering practice, can improve the traffic safety and traffic operations at intersections. The effects of resulting crashes and the impacts on safety from the installation of traffic signals at unsignalized intersections are complicated, and the current literature and research on this topic are limited, even though traffic signals have been used for many years. The current crash warrants in the Ontario Traffic Manual, Book 12: Traffic Signals do not take into consideration the effect of traffic volume variations in crashes. It states that if conditions such as “five or more ‘correctable’ crashes per 12 month period averaged over a 36 month period” are satisfied, a signal may be warranted. The purpose of this paper is to develop and recommend a safety analysis and evaluation tool for estimating the expected safety of the installation of traffic signals through use of historical crash and volume data. The paper also provides a quantitative process tool for determining whether a traffic signal is justified at an unsignalized intersection. The proposed approach uses the empirical Bayes method and crash prediction models for estimating the safety effects on unsignalized intersections that are being considered for traffic signal installation. The performance of the proposed procedure is evaluated and analyzed on 17 unsignalized intersections taken from different jurisdictions in the province of Ontario, Canada.
Improved waveform-feature-based vehicle classification using a single-point magnetic sensor

Summary Vehicle classification systems have important roles in applications related to real-time traffic management. They also provide essential data and necessary information for traffic planning, pavement design, and maintenance. Among various classification techniques, the length-based classification technique is widely used at present. However, the undesirable speed estimates provided by conventional data aggregation make it impossible to collect reliable length data from a single-point sensor during real-time operations. In this paper, an innovative approach of vehicle classification will be proposed, which achieved very satisfactory results on a single-point sensor. This method has two essential parts. The first concerns with the procedure of smart feature extraction and selection according to the proposed filter–filter–wrapper model. The model of filter–filter–wrapper is adopted to make an evaluation on the extracted feature subsets. Meanwhile, the model will determine a nonredundant feature subset, which can make a complete reflection on the differences of various types of vehicles. In the second part, an algorithm for vehicle classification according to the theoretical basis of clustering support vector machines (C-SVMs) was established with the selected optimal feature subset. The paper also uses particle swarm optimization (PSO), with the purpose of searching for an optimal kernel parameter and the slack penalty parameter in C-SVMs. A total of 460 samples were tested through cross validation, and the result turned out that the classification accuracy was over 99%. In summary, the test results demonstrated that our vehicle classification method could enhance the efficiency of machine-learning-based data mining and the accuracy of vehicle classification. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Shortcomings of geometrical approach in multi-species modelling of chloride migration in cement-based materials

Chloride migration tests and chronoamperometries were carried out on three cement mortars with different water/cement (w/c) ratios. The electrical current of the chloride migration is simulated with a multi-species model, which takes into account the geometrical properties of the pore structure throughout the diffusibility ratio. The comparison between the measured and the simulated currents shows a significant difference: systematically, simulated currents evolve faster than those measured. From these results, it appears that the purely geometrical approach alone is insufficient correctly to describe the transport of ionic species in cement-based materials. Finally, it is shown that the introduction of a ‘viscoelectric effect’, which conveys the electrical double-layer effect (EDL), improves the results of the model. As a first approach the EDL is taken into account empirically by considering a reducing factor 1/rD applied to the effective diffusion coefficients of the cations. This factor is deduced fro.
Integrated active rectifier and power quality compensator

This paper describes a 3-phase integrated active rectifier and shunt power quality compensator (IPQC). The IPQC functions as a conventional active rectifier while improving the harmonic contents of the supply current, displacement power factor and supply current balance for a number of loads at a point of common coupling. The IPQC concept is verified experimentally using a 3-phase IGBT inverter. The inverter is controlled using a low-cost fixed-point digital signal processor and a fixed band hysteresis current regulator.
INFILTRATION STUDY FOR URBAN SOIL: CASE STUDIES - BUTTERWORTH AND ENGINEERING CAMPUS, UNIVERSITI SAINS MALAYSIA

The Department of Irrigation and Drainage Malaysia has produced on Urban Stormwater Management Manual for Malaysia or better known as Manual Mesra Alam (MSMA) to that includes suggestions on implementing infiltration method for controlling the quantity and quality of surface runoff. With this method, the volume of surface runoff can be reduced and flood problems in major cities can be eliminated. The study areas, Butterworth and Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) Engineering Campus are located in the middle and south part of Seberang Perai, Pulau Pinang in the northwest corner of Peninsular Malaysia. Both area of studies have a different state of development, where Butterworth is undergoing rapid development and the USM Engineering Campus is a newly completed development with control at source drainage system. Thus, the paper will describe the analyses of the infiltration curves for both Butterworth and USM Engineering Campus. The resulting infiltration maps have developed based on the infiltration capacities.
Estimation of Azimuth and Elevation for Multiple Acoustic Sources Using Tetrahedral Microphone Arrays and Convolutional Neural Networks

A method for multiple acoustic source localization using a tetrahedral microphone array and a convolutional neural network (CNN) is presented. Our method presents a novel approach for the estimation of acoustic source direction of arrival (DoA), both azimuth and elevation, utilizing a non-coplanar microphone array. In our approach, we use the phase component of the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) of the microphone array’s signals as the input feature for the CNN and a DoA probability density map as the training target. Our findings imply that our method outperforms the currently available methods for multiple sound source DoA estimation in both accuracy and speed.
Signal-noise neural network model for active microwave devices

A new method for concurrently modelling the small-signal and the noise performance of active microwave devices is proposed. Here, the device is modelled by a black box whose small signal and noise parameters are evaluated through a neural network, based upon the fitting of both of these parameters over the operational bandwidth of the device. On using the concurrent modelling procedure, it has been found that, not only can the small-signal performance be simulated accurately, but also the prediction of noise performance is in much better agreement with measurements than those of recent published models.
Modeling and control of a quadrotor with variable geometry arms

The goal of this paper is to study the dynamics of a quadcopter using a variable geometry structure and discuss the advantages of using the geometry variation. A mathematical model has been described using simulation to show quadcopter dynamics. Based on the different geometric configurations of arms it is shown how the arms’ angles affect longitudinal and lateral dynamics. The design's assumptions refer to hovering and rotation with Euler angles. Simulation results show that both controllers stabilize the quadrotor and the amplitude of the vibrations is significantly decreased, compared to the vibration of a common quadcopter with fixed arms, by varying the arm's angle. The quadcopter remains stable and all Euler rotations are perfectly controlled.
VAV Air-Conditioning System Control Using Neural Network Based MPC

Air conditioning system is known as a multi-variable, large delay, nonlinear and uncertain system, and it is difficult to achieve the ideal performance by using the traditional PID control strategy. In order to improve the system performance and reduce energy consumption at the same time, a neural network based MPC controller is proposed in this paper. After establishing the predictive model by using neural networks based on experiment data, the online optimization programming method is utilized to produce the control sequence of the future. And only the first control law is applied to the system to improve the control effect. The simulation result at last shows that the proposed strategy has strong robustness and adaptive ability, high control precision, better and reliable control effect and other advantages.
Rotor loss in permanent-magnet brushless AC machines

The eddy-current loss in the permanent magnets of brushless AC machines is usually neglected, since the fundamental air-gap field usually rotates in synchronism with the rotor, and time harmonics in the current waveform and space harmonics in the winding distribution are generally small. However, an important category of brushless AC machine design is emerging in which the fundamental component of the stator MMF has fewer poles than the rotor, the torque being developed by a higher order MMF harmonic. The fundamental and lower order MMF harmonics can then give rise to significant rotor eddy currents. An analytical model is developed to predict rotor-induced eddy currents in such machines, and to quantify the effectiveness of circumferentially segmenting the permanent magnets in reducing the rotor loss.
The effect of reflections on the system performance of intensity modulated laser diodes

The performance degradation incurred by unwanted external reflections in high-speed digital optical communication systems using intensity-modulated single-longitudinal-mode laser diodes is investigated by numerical simulation of the rate equations. The effects of intensity modulation on the chaotic behavior in the laser output are examined and performance estimates for 0.5, 2.5, and 5 Gb/s systems are made. For example, it is found that to incur less than 0.25-dB power penalty in a 2.5-Gb/s system using a positive-intrinsic-negative photodetector, the reflected light in the laser pigtail should be at least 36 dB below that of the transmitted light. >
Design And Analysis Of Base Isolated Structures

Development in the design of earthquake resistant buildings has been growing since about 100 years ago. In the design of earthquake resistant buildings, the main aspects to consider are life safety and damage reduction on architectural element caused by the earthquake. However, with the development of age, modern buildings contain sensitive and expensive equipment that become vital for business, commercial, education and healthcare. Hence, the equipment inside the building needs to be protected when the earthquake occurs. The basic principle of a base isolation system is to provide flexibility in the building and at the same time provide damping to prevent amplification caused by the earthquake. By placing structure on the base isolation system, it will prevent horizontal movement of the ground transferred to the structure and produce a significant reduction in the acceleration of the earthquake. This paper explains about the design and analysis of a base isolated structure. The base isolation system used is Lead Rubber Bearings, High Damping Rubber Bearings, and a combination of those two bearings on a 20-story building. The main focus of this paper is the comparison of the response between a fixed base structure and the base isolated structure and the comparison of the response generated by each type of base isolation system. The compared responses are the natural vibration period, the base shear, and the base isolation hysteretic curve. The design procedure used is based on SNI 1726-2012. The conclusion of this paper is the effectiveness of a base isolated structure is based on the generated response.
Differences in microhabitat and morphology of two sympatric congeneric species Palaquium maliliensis and Palaquium obovatum in the education forest of Hasanuddin University

Two species of Palaquium (P. maliliensis and P. obovatum) were found coexist in same habitat in the educational forest of Hasanuddin University (Unhas). Two or more species are living in a habitat could be formed from similar parent through genetic isolation process without geographic isolation and was classified as sympatric congeneric species. So far, sympatric congeneric species is still controversial among researchers. Based on this case, the purpose of this study was to determine the microhabitat and morphological differences between the two species. The methods of the study were conducted by purposively selecting 21 samples of P. maliliensis and 20 samples of P. obovatum at the tree level. In each samples found, the microhabitat characteristics (topographic position and slope) and morphological characteristics (leaf, buttress root, and morphological in general) were observed. Morphological measurement data were analyzed with correlation test for intra-species variable and real difference test for inter-species variable. This study concluded that the slope was one of the major microhabitat factors that has driven the process of sympatric speciation between P. maliliensis and P. obovatum. In morphological characteristics, differences between P. maliliensis and P. obovatum appeared in the form of leaves.
Design of QAM-OFDM Radar-Communication Integrated Signal Based on Golay Complementary sequences

The integration of radar and communication is conducive to improving the utilization rate of hardware resources and spectrum. To address the issue that the communication information in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) integrated signal for radar and communication affects detection performance, an OFDM integrated signal for radar and communication based on precoding was proposed. The communication information of the integrated signal was pre-coded by using the Gray Complementary Sequences (GCS) with better correlation performance to improve the performance of the ambiguity function of the integrated signal and its detection ability. Simulation results show that GCS have better correlation performance compared to M and Gold sequences, and the OFDM integrated signal pre-coded by GCS has lower Peak Sidelobes Ratio (PSLR) and comparable radar performance to LFM.
Exceptional points of all-dielectric nanoresonators

In the recent years, all-dielectric nanophotonics has been showing promising potential for biotechnology, with important progress in the development of efficient all-optical, all-dielectric nanosensing devices overcoming the ohmic losses inherently present in their plasmonic counterparts. In the quest to achieve single molecule sensitivities, a judicious design of the optical response of the nanoantennas is required. Here, we approach this problem from the perspective of non-Hermitian physics and investigate the interaction of two finite nanorods supporting Mie resonances, with the aim of maximizing the frequency detuning induced by a perturbation of the structure. We develop a simple semi-analytical technique to efficiently investigate the coupled system, and we find that Coulomb interactions, together with mutual interference induced by breaking the dimer symmetry, can effectively bring the structure towards a non-Hermitian singularity, an exceptional point, that can potentially increase the sensitivity. The results of this work are expected to lead to novel developments in all-optical single molecule detection, and merge for the first time all-dielectric nanophotonics with exceptional point physics.
Novel RF energy harvesting using Rectenna

In this paper an experimental RF energy harvester using rectifying antenna (rectenna) to harvest ambient energy from cellular device operating at 900 MHz GSM band is proposed. The circuit is a combination of antenna and rectifying circuit using Schottky barrier diode for microwave (RF) to DC conversion. The performance results of the rectenna shows radiation efficiency of around 58.81%, gain of 3.9 dB and directivity of 5.972 dBi. The proposed rectenna design can prove to be a low cost device for wireless power transmission and RF energy harvesting. The prototype is fabricated with simulated and measured results in good agreement, having a return loss of 21 dB at frequency of around 885 MHz. The overall efficiency is enhanced by using ISS351-TB-E Schottky diode which is categorized by a low junction capacitance and a low threshold voltage to achieve higher conversion efficiency.
Comparative Analysis of Surface Mounted and Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor for Low rating Power Application

In this paper a comparative analysis is reported between Surface Mounted Permanent Magnet (SMPM) and Interior Permanent Magnet (IPM) Synchronous Motor for low Power rating application using ANSYS Software. In this study, a 0.55Kw, 220V rated Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) with two different structures is considered. Here both electromagnetic (i.e. Air gap magnetic flux density) and electromechanical properties (i.e. torque) are considered for obtaining the target. In addition, Iron loss and is also involved for comparison. The results of the analysis were confirmed by Finite Element (FE) Analysis and were based on a simplified analytical model based on a given rating. Results obtained through this method, for validated with the result reported in the literature. Further modification is also done in the parameters and those results are also reported.
The effects of psychosocial factors on trapezius muscle activity levels during computer use

The goal of the present study, a part of the PROOF (Predicting Occupational biomechanics among OFfice workers) study, was to determine if there was a relationship between psychosocial stress, measured by reward and over-commitment, and trapezius muscle activity while workers performed their own computer work in the field. We observed that workers reporting higher levels of over-commitment and lower reward also experienced approximately 40% higher median trapeizus muscle activity levels than workers reporting lower levels of over-commitment and lower reward (change from 3.5% MVC to 6% MVC), with no difference in muscle activity for workers reporting high reward and either low or high over-commitment. Workers reporting higher levels of over-commitment experienced more variability in trapezius muscle activity. The results of this study may be used to inform interventions targeting reduction of musculoskeletal disorders among office workers.
Survival report of 7 753 surgical lung cancer patients from a large single hospital-based cancer registry : results based on the 8 th edition of the TNM classification of lung cancer

[摘要] 背景与目的:通过基于医院登记为基础的肺癌手术患者的随访资料,分析其1、3和5年观察生存率,为了解中国 肺癌患者长期生存情况提供真实世界证据。 方法:研究纳入2008年1月1日—2017年12月31日在复旦大学附属肿瘤医院接受 手术的肺癌患者共7 753例,通过查阅患者复诊病史、电话随访和死因数据链接等方式收集患者的生存随访资料,随访统计 时间截至2019年11月30日。 采用Kaplan-Meier法估计患者1、3和5年总生存率(overall survival,OS),分性别根据年龄组、 吸烟情况、诊断时间、肿瘤分期等特征分别描述。 结果:男性肺癌手术患者经中位随访49. 7个月后,5年OS为69. 0%;女性 患者经中位随访43. 0个月后,5年OS为82. 9%,显著优于男性。 0、IA、IB、IIA、IIB、IIIA和IIIB期男性患者5年OS分 别为100. 0%、86.0%、74.6%、66.9%、55.2%、42.5%和41. 8%,女性患者5年OS分别为100. 0%、93.7%、78.5%、78.2%、 62.9%、49.3%和33. 0%。 IA、IB、IIIA期组女性患者OS优于男性。 结论:本研究是目前国内最大规模的单中心肺癌患者 的5年长期生存结果报告,经规范治疗后的肺癌患者的生存情况有显著改善,女性肺癌手术患者生存优于男性。 肿瘤分期是
Miniaturized all-angle accessible RIFD tag

Radio frequency identification (RFID) is one of the commonly used approaches to a short-range wireless data exchange. Numerous passive RFID tags are available on the market, and in a vast majority of cases, their designs are based on flat meandered dipole architectures. However, besides technological advantages, those realizations suffer from polarization mismatch issues and limited spatial sectors, from which flat tags can be interrogated. Here, we demonstrate and analyze a miniature omnidirectional tag accessible from all 4π stereo angles with a commercial RFID reader.