Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
VARIOUS VISCOSITY TYPES OF GEOMATERIALS IN SHEAR AND THEIR MATHEMATICAL EXPRESSION

ABSTRACT The viscous properties, or loading-rate effects on the stress-strain behaviour, of unbound and bound soils, in particular unbound granular materials, are summarised. The viscous properties were evaluated by stepwise changing the strain rate, e ˙ , and performing sustained loading during otherwise monotonic loading (ML) at a constant e ˙ and also by performing ML tests at different constant values of e ˙ . Four basic viscosity types, Isotach, Combined, TESRA (or Viscous Evanescent) and Positive & Negative (P & N), which were recently found are described. The Isotach type is the most classical one and, in the case of ML, the current viscous stress component is a function of instantaneous irreversible strain, eir and its rate, e ˙ ir . So, the strength during ML at a constant e ˙ increases with e ˙ . With the other three types, the viscous stress increment that has developed at a given moment, denoted as Δσv, decays with eir towards different residual values during subsequent ML. With the TESRAtype, Δσv decays eventually totally and the strength during ML at constant e ˙ is essentially independent of e ˙ . With the Combined type, Δσv decays with eir like the TESRA type, but it does not decay totally. So, the strength during ML at constant e ˙ increases with e ˙ like the Isotach type. With the P & N type, found latest, a positive value of Δσv decays towards a negative value. So, the strength during ML at constant e ˙ decreases with an increase in e ˙ . The viscosity type tends to change with eir: e.g., from Isotach toward TESRA and from TESRA toward P & N. A general mathematical expression that can describe these four viscosity types and transitions among them is proposed. Numerical simulations of typical drained triaxial compression tests of geomaterials based on a non-linear three-component model incorporating the general expression of the viscous stress are presented. The viscosity type is controlled by at least, grading characteristics and particle shape.
Überlegung zum Wirkmechanismus und klinische Daten

von Tianeptin im Vergleich zu Standardantidepressiva (v.a. SSRIs und Trizyklika) gezeigt werden. Auch positive Langzeituntersuchungen liegen vor. Das Nebenwirkungsprofil ähnelt dem der SSRIs, allerdings gibt es Hinweise, dass gastrointestinale Nebenwirkungen, Tremor und Palpitationen vergleichsweise seltener auftreten, trockener Mund häufiger. Sexuelle Dysfunktionen sind selten. Erste Studien zeigen einen positiven Effekt auf die häufig bei Depressionen verschlechterten kognitiven Störungen. Das Interakti-onsverhalten der Substanz ist sehr günstig. Somit steht eine interessante neue Möglichkeit der pharmakologischen Depressionstherapie zur Verfügung.
Hyperoxemia During Cardiac Surgery Is Associated With Postoperative Pulmonary Complications

OBJECTIVES: The use of hyperoxemia during cardiac surgery remains controversial. We hypothesized that intraoperative hyperoxemia during cardiac surgery is associated with an increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: We analyzed intraoperative data from five hospitals within the Multicenter Perioperative Outcomes Group between January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2019. We assessed intraoperative oxygenation of adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Hyperoxemia pre and post CPB was quantified as the area under the curve (AUC) of Fio2 above 0.21 in minutes when the corresponding peripheral oxygen saturation was greater than 92% measured by pulse oximetry. We quantified hyperoxemia during CPB as the AUC of Pao2 greater than 200 mm Hg measured by arterial blood gas. We analyzed the association of hyperoxemia during all phases of cardiac surgery with the frequency of postoperative pulmonary complications within 30 days, including acute respiratory insufficiency or failure, acute respiratory distress syndrome, need for reintubation, and pneumonia. PATIENTS: Twenty-one thousand six hundred thirty-two cardiac surgical patients. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: During 21,632 distinct cardiac surgery cases, 96.4% of patients spent at least 1 minute in hyperoxemia (99.1% pre-CPB, 98.5% intra-CPB, and 96.4% post-CPB). Increasing exposure to hyperoxemia was associated with an increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications throughout three distinct surgical periods. During CPB, increasing exposure to hyperoxemia was associated with an increased odds of developing postoperative pulmonary complications (p < 0.001) in a linear manner. Hyperoxemia before CPB (p < 0.001) and after CPB (p = 0.02) were associated with increased odds of developing postoperative pulmonary complications in a U-shaped relationship. CONCLUSIONS: Hyperoxemia occurs almost universally during cardiac surgery. Exposure to hyperoxemia assessed continuously as an AUC during the intraoperative period, but particularly during CPB, was associated with an increased incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications.
Fibrothecoma of broad ligament with minor sex cord elements: Case report and brief literature review

Rationale: Sex cord-stromal tumors are always found in ovary, but the occurrence of this kind of tumor at extraovarian locations is extremely rare. Up to now, the case concerning fibrothecoma of broad ligament with minor sex cord elements has not been reported, and it is extremely challenging to diagnose before surgery. In this case report, we summarized pathogenesis, clinical features, laboratory finding, imaging studies, pathology, and therapeutic schedule of this tumor, with the aim of raising awareness and attention to this type of disease. Patient concerns: A 45-year-old Chinese woman was referred to our department with intermittent lower abdominal pain for about 6 years. On examination, both ultrasonography and computed tomography revealed she had a right adnexal mass. Diagnosis: Based on the results of histology and immunohistochemistry, the final diagnosis was confirmed as fibrothecoma of broad ligament with minor sex cord elements. Interventions: This patient underwent laparoscopic unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy with excision of the neoplasm. Outcomes: Eleven days post-treatment, the patient complained that the symptoms of abdominal pain was disappeared. There is no evidence of disease recurrence 5 years after laparoscopic surgery according to the consequences of radiologic examination Conclusion: The natural history of this kind of tumor is uncertain. Although main treatment of this neoplasm might be surgical resection and good prognosis can be achieved, we believe that long-time follow-up is extremely important in all patients diagnosed as fibrothecoma of broad ligament with minor sex cord. Laparoscopic unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy with excision of the tumor should be recommended to these patients.
Investigation of the Effectiveness of Microvascular Doppler Ultrasound and Q-Pack in the Discrimination of Malign Thyroid Nodules From Benign

Abstract In this prospective study, the diagnostic performance of MicroV Doppler ultrasonography (US) and Q-pack application in distinguishing malignant thyroid nodules from benign nodules will be examined. Given the emerging irregular vascular structures in malignant nodules, it is thought that MicroV Doppler US and Q-pack application can help in diagnosis. One hundred sixteen nodules that were suggested a biopsy by a clinician were examined with B-mode US, color, X-flow, and MicroV Doppler US, respectively. In addition, during MicroV Doppler US examination, thyroid nodule and its adjacent thyroid parenchyma were evaluated with Q-pack application. After US examinations, biopsy was performed on the nodules and histopathological results were obtained. Eighty-nine nodules were histopathologically proven as benign, and the rest of them were malignant. In Doppler types, the thyroid findings in score 1, 2, and 3 nodule blood supply type were benign, whereas the thyroid findings in the score 4 have a possibility of malignancy between 63% and 66.7%. It was found that MicroV Doppler was significantly superior to X-flow and color Doppler (P = 0.037 and P = 0.042, respectively). Nodule/parenchyma Q-pack mean values were statistically significantly higher in malignant findings compared with benign findings (P < 0.001). Nodule/parenchyma Q-pack peak values were also statistically significantly higher in malignant findings compared with benign findings (P < 0.001). As a result, although Q-pack application enables us to obtain quantitative values about vascularity, due to its ability to demonstrate slow blood flow, microvascular vessel structure, and distribution, MicroV Doppler US has promises to detect malignant thyroid nodules.
FAST MULTIPLICATION OVER ALGEBRAIC NUMBER FIELDS

Let K = Q(α1, α2, . . . , αt) be an algebraic number field of degree D over Q, and let f and g be polynomials in K[x] of degrees at most n. Naively computing the product f · g requires O(nD) arithmetic operations in Q. We developed a more efficient algorithm that computes f · g modulo a series of primes to avoid working with rationals, and uses the fast Fourier Transform. For each prime p, it also avoids working over multiple extensions by computing a primitive element of K modulo p, which can be done using linear algebra or resultants and gcds. Our algorithm requires O(D + Dn + Dn log n) arithmetic operations in Fp for each prime p. We have implemented our algorithm in Maple and present some timings to demonstrate that there is good speed-up in practice.
Quasibosonic exciton dynamics near the semiconductor band edge

We develop a heirarchy of equations that describes the electrodynamics of the semiconductor band edge. An exciton basis that incorporates intrapair Coulomb interaction is used. The excitons are treated as quasibosons that satisfy commutation relations intermediate between bosonic and fermionic. Their nonlinear dynamics are a consequence of phase-space filling and an effective exciton-exciton interaction that depends only on their center-of-mass wave vectors and internal quantum numbers. The resulting expansion in powers of the optical field is analogous to Axt and Stahl's dynamically controlled truncation, but takes a simpler form. If damping is omitted or if all interband and intraband dephasing time constants are the same, we find a set of relationships among the interband and intraband correlation functions which in the free pair basis give the semiconductor Bloch equations.
Development of Research on Process Algebra

Process algebra is an algebra method of concurrency theory. Based on the relevant theories of process algebra, it is set forth several class process algebras and the important role they played in the development history of research on process algebra according to two breakthrough of process algebra. Finally it is introduced the applications of algebra process in the protocol verification, workflow description and other areas.
Estimating Overwater Turbulence Intensity from Routine Gust-Factor Measurements

Abstract For overwater diffusion estimates the Offshore and Coastal Dispersion (OCD) model is preferred by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The U.S. Minerals Management Service has recommended that the OCD model be used for emissions located on the outer continental shelf. During southerly winds over the Gulf of Mexico, for example, the pollutants from hundreds of offshore platforms may affect the gulf coasts. In the OCD model, the overwater plume is described by the Gaussian equation, which requires the computation of σy and σz, which are, in turn, related to the turbulence intensity, overwater trajectory, and atmospheric stability. On the basis of several air–sea interaction experiments [the Barbados Oceanographic and Meteorological Experiment (BOMEX), the Air-Mass Transformation Experiment (AMTEX), and, most recently, the Tropical Ocean and Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Response Experiment (TOGA COARE)] and the extensive datasets from the National Data Buoy Center (NDBC), it is sh.
Application of Retinex wavelet moment features for complex illumination

Since actual application of Target Recognition is often under outdoor natural circumstances, existence and variance of illumination can not be obviously neglected. Common-used target recognition algorithm having been applied to images under diverse illumination, the effect seems undesirable. Thus, the authors have applied Retinex Theory to amend the target recognition algorithm based on wavelet moment. Applying the amended algorithm to marine images, experimental results have shown a notably optimizing effect.
Lookback time as a test for f(R) gravity in the Palatini approach

We use the recently released data of lookback time (LT)-redshift relation, the cosmic microwave background shift parameter and the baryon acoustic oscillation measurements to constrain cosmological parameters of f(R) gravity in the Palatini formalism by considering the f(R) form of type (a) f(R) = R − β/Rn and (b) f(R) = R + αln R − β. Under the assumption of a Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe, we achieved the best fitting results of the free parameters (Ωm0, n) for (a) and (Ωm0, α) for (b). We find that current LT data can provide interesting and effective constraints on gravity models. Compared with other data, the LT constraints favor a smaller value of the non-relativistic matter energy density.
An alternative hybrid search direction for unconstrained optimization

Abstract Quasi-Newton is one of the most popular iterative method for solving unconstrained optimization and recently, there are several researchers who work on hybrid quasi-Newton and steepest descent method and this method namely QN-SD. In this paper, we proposed an alternative search direction for this method and we proved its global convergence. Several standard optimization problems had been tested on this method and the result analysis was displayed at the end of this paper.
Generation of picosecond pulses with a gain‐switched GaAs surface‐emitting laser

Pulses shorter than 4 ps (deconvolved) have been obtained by optically gain switching a GaAs multiple quantum well vertical‐cavity surface‐emitting laser with a picosecond dye laser. Pulse width and relative peak delay were measured as a function of pump power. A theoretical model of the large signal response agrees well with the measured data. The model predicts the minimum achievable pulse width and pulse delay for this device structure. Experimental results and calculated values indicate that very high modulation rates are possible with vertical‐cavity surface‐emitting lasers.
Ultraviolet interstellar extinction toward stars in the Orion Nebula and toward HD 147889

The International Ultraviolet Explorer (IUE) was used to obtain low resolution absolute ultraviolet energy distributions for the four Trapezium stars Theta(1) Orionis A, B, C, and D, Theta(2) Orionis A and B, HD 147889, and several unreddened standard stars. The observations for Theta(1) Orionis B reveal a peculiar extended object. The measurements for the rest of the stars were used to derive UV extinction curves. The derived curves are very different from the average galactic curve. The curves for the Orion stars all exhibit smaller than normal middle and far-UV extinctions. Although a 2175 A feature is present, its strength, when normalized to E(B-V), is smaller than in the average galactic curve. In contrast, the curve for HD 147889 has a pronounced 2175 A feature followed by smaller than normal extinction for an inverse wavelength between 5 and 7 per micron.
Force microscopy: application to soft matter

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been shown to be a good means of investigating matter at the nanometer scale. Here, we use it on one hand to determine the structure of adsorbed biological macromolecules such as DNA at high resolution on solid surfaces in liquid, and on the other hand as a force probe. In this case, we try to extract the relevant information from the complicated force profiles. We have studied the characterisation of specific molecular interactions. Our study reveals that in the presence of multiple parallel bonds with high rebinding probability, the force increases with decreasing speed velocity. We propose that the rebinding via the fluctuation of the linker is responsible for the observed behaviour.
Extraction of additional interfacial states of silicon nanowire field-effect transistors

Interfacial states of silicon nanowire field-effect transistors with rectangular-like cross-sections (wire height of 10 nm and widths of 9 and 18 nm) have been evaluated from the transfer characteristics in the subthreshold region measured at cryogenic temperatures, where kinks in the drain current becomes prominent. It is found that the kinks can be well-explained assuming local interfacial states near the conduction band (Ec). The main extracted local states have been shown to exist at 10 and 31 meV below Ec with the densities of 1.3×1013 cm−2/eV and 5.4×1012 cm−2/eV, respectively. By comparing two field-effect transistors with different wire widths, the former states can be assigned to the states located at the corner and the side surface of the wire, and the latter to the top and the bottom surfaces.
Comparison of Next-Day Convection-Allowing Forecasts of Storm motion on 1- and 4-km Grids

AbstractThis study compares next-day forecasts of storm motion from convection-allowing models with 1- and 4-km grid spacing. A tracking algorithm is used to determine the motion of discrete storms in both the model forecasts and an analysis of radar observations. The distributions of both the raw storm motions and the deviations of these motions from the environmental flow are examined to determine the overall biases of the 1- and 4-km forecasts and how they compare to the observed storm motions. The mean storm speeds for the 1-km forecasts are significantly closer to the observed mean than those for the 4-km forecasts when viewed relative to the environmental flow/shear, but mostly for the shorter-lived storms. For storm directions, the 1-km forecast storms move similarly to the 4-km forecast storms on average. However, for the raw storm motions and those relative to the 0–6-km shear, results suggest that the 1-km forecasts may alleviate some of a clockwise (rightward) bias of the 4-km forecasts, partic.
Reliability inference for field conditions from accelerated degradation testing

Accelerated degradation testing (ADT) is usually conducted under deterministic stresses such as constant‐stress, step‐stress, and cyclic‐stress. Based on ADT data, an ADT model is developed to predict reliability under normal (field) operating conditions. In engineering applications, the “standard” approach for reliability prediction assumes that the normal operating conditions are deterministic or simply uses the mean values of the stresses while ignoring their variability. Such an approach may lead to significant prediction errors. In this paper, we extend an ADT model obtained from constant‐stress ADT experiments to predict field reliability by considering the stress variations. A case study is provided to demonstrate the proposed statistical inference procedure. The accuracy of the procedure is verified by simulation using various distributions of field stresses. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2006.
Observations of IC 443 at 151 and 1419 MHz

On a cartographie IC 443 a 151 MHz avec une resolution de 1,2×3,1 minarc 2 (AD×Dec) et a 1419 MHz avec une resolution de 2,1×5,4 minarc 2 . Ces observations revelent une emission non thermique provenant de la region des fins filaments optiques au NE de IC 443. On discute des resultats en relation avec le mecanisme d'acceleration des particules
Low-frequency noise measurements of generation-recombination effect and field-assisted emission in AlGaN/GaN MOSHFETs and HFETs

Generation-recombination processes in AlGaN/GaN metal-oxide-semiconductor heterostructure field-effect transistors (MOSHFETs) with HfAlO gate dielectric have been investigated through low-frequency phase-noise. Some devices tested exhibited noise spectra deviating from the well-known 1/ƒγ spectrum. These devices showed broad peaks attributed to generation-recombination (GR) effect in the noise-spectral-density (NSD) vs. frequency plots, which shifted toward higher frequencies at elevated temperatures. The unannealed and annealed MOSHFETs exhibited trap energy values as 0.22 eV and 0.11 eV at drain bias values of 6.3 V and 10 V, respectively. Then, we monitored the effect of source-drain bias on the excess GR noise. The time constant of the traps decreased from 16.7 ms to 2.1 ms as we increased the drain bias,VDS, from 10 V to 18 V for the annealed devices. We also measured the evolution of the GR-like spectrum as a function of VDS in HFETs to investigate the field-assisted emission. The zero-field trap energy is extracted as 0.71 eV from temperature dependence of emission using extrapolation technique to validate the potential barrier lowering (Frenkel-Poole effect) of the traps.
of the TRIZ Analysis Matrix

: [Objective] Based on deep learning and domain knowledge graph technology, study the automatic construction method of TRIZ analysis matrix to provide knowledge support for technological innovation. [Methods] First, facing the domain requirements, the general "technical elements" are extended and refined into entity and relationship categories, and the pattern layer design of domain knowledge graph is completed;Then, based on the BERT pre-trained language model, research and design an intelligent tool to automatically identify knowledge entities and relationships from patent documents, and realize the automatic extraction of entity relationships;Finally, the graph database is used to complete the construction of the domain knowledge graph, and the knowledge entities and relationships are required to read based on the knowledge query, so as to realize the automatic construction of the TRIZ analysis matrix. [Results] After empirical verification, the F1 score of the BERT-MH+CRF entity recognition model for patents in the field of thin-film magnetic head technology constructed in this paper is 84.93%, and the F1 score of the BERT-MH+softmax relation *
Efficient Identification of Frequent Family Subtrees in Tree Database

This paper introduces a new type of problem called the frequent common family subtree mining problem for a collection of leaf-labeled trees and presents some characteristics for the problem. It proposes an algorithm to find frequent common families in trees. To its applicability, the proposed method has been applied to both several synthetic data sets and a real data set.
Diffusion equation derived from space-time transport equation

The diffusion equation is derived from the ordinary space-time transport equation having a scattering cross section of the form σ(Ω·Ω′), Ω and Ω′ being the azimuth vectors of incident and scattered waves. The condition of applicability is examined in detail. It is shown that the diffusion equation necessarily becomes first order in time in contrast to a recent paper on a similar subject in which it is given as second order in time. This is further confirmed for the case of isotropic scattering where an exact analytical solution is obtainable. The boundary conditions on a surface of medium discontinuity are also derived in the diffusion approximation and, in this connection, the pulse-width broadening in random media is investigated in terms of the pulse moments, which are obtained by solving boundary-value problems of a simple equation in space.