Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
TUNING FLOW CONTROL ON ADVANCED SWITCHING

Advanced Switching (AS) defines a switching fabric architecture based on the PCI Express technology. The specification of this architecture establishes a credit-based flow control scheme. In order to prevent that the sender port overflows the buffers at the receiver one, credit information must be periodically updated. We are interested in determining the optimal flow control updating rate, identifying those network parameters that may affect it. In this paper, we show how this study can be performed through a simple example. In the future, we plan to carry out a more rigorous analysis.
Non-linear modelling of three full scale structural fire tests

A computer program VULCAN has been progressively developed for some years at the University of Sheffield, with the objective of enabling three-dimensional modelling of the behaviour of composite buildings in fire. In this paper the current theoretical basis of the program is very briefly outlined. Three of the fire tests carried out in 1995-96 on the composite frame at Cardington, representing cases in which different degrees of in-plane restraint are provided by the adjacent structure, are modelled to show how this restraint affects the structural behaviour within the heated zone. In order to illustrate the influence of membrane action and its relationship with boundary restraint, all cases have been analysed using both geometrically linear and non-linear slab elements. A series of parametric studies has been carried out as an initial investigation into the characteristics of steel reinforcement which allow this action to take place. It is evident that the influence of membrane action in slabs can be very important to the ultimate integrity of compartments, and should be accounted for in the modelling of this type of structure in fire conditions.
Data visualization in chronic neurological and mental health condition self-management: a systematic review of user perspectives (Preprint)

BACKGROUND Remote measurement technology (RMT) such as mobile health devices and applications, are increasingly used by those living with chronic neurological and mental health conditions. RMT enables real-world data collection and regular feedback, providing users with insights about their own conditions. Data visualizations are an integral part of RMT, though little is known about visualization design preferences from the perspectives of those living with chronic conditions. OBJECTIVE Explore the experiences and preferences of individuals with chronic neurological and mental health conditions on data visualizations derived from RMT to manage health. METHODS In this systematic review, we searched peer-reviewed literature and conference proceedings (PubMed, IEEE Xplore, EMBASE, Web of Science, ACM Computer-Human Interface proceedings, and the Cochrane Library) for original articles published between January 2007 and February 2020 that reported perspectives on data visualization of people living with chronic neurological and mental health conditions. Two reviewers independently screened each abstract and full-text article, with disagreements resolved through discussion. Studies were critically appraised and extracted data underwent thematic synthesis. RESULTS We identified 28 eligible publications from 24 studies representing 11 conditions. Coded data coalesced into four themes: desire for data visualization, the impact of visualizations on condition management, visualizations as data reporting tools, and visualization design considerations. Data visualizations were viewed an integral part of users’ experiences with RMT, impacting satisfaction and engagement. However, user preferences were diverse and often conflicting, both between and within conditions. CONCLUSIONS When used effectively, data visualizations are valuable, engaging components of RMT. They can provide structure and insight, allowing individuals to manage their own health more effectively. However, visualizations are not “one-size-fits-all,” and it is important to engage with potential user during visualization design to understand when, how, and with whom the visualizations will be used to manage health.
Why So Cynical? The Effect of Job Burnout as a Mediator on the Relationship Between Perceived Organizational Support and Organizational Cynicism

The current study represents a noteworthy step towards a better understanding of how perceived organizational support influences burnout and cynicism of healthcare staff. It explores whether perceived organizational support reduces job burnout and organizational cynicism and whether job burnout plays a mediating role in the relationship between POS and organizational cynicism. Data were collected from 211 personnel working in the healthcare industry in Saudi Arabia. Findings indicate that a high level of perceived organizational support ameliorates the experienced burnout symptoms, and allay cynical attitudes, emotions, and behaviors at work. The study also unfolds that burnout is mediating the relationship between POS and organizational cynicism, which highlights the importance of properly managing burnout. The study suggested that healthcare organizations should imperatively provide the necessary organizational support wherever and whenever it is needed and utilize the appropriate interventions to minimize the effects of burnout and cynicism. This is the first study that analyzed the impact of POS on organizational cynicism through the mediating variable of job burnout, and the first paper that investigates POS, organizational cynicism, and job burnout of healthcare staff in a single study. It adds to the growing body of literature on antecedents of organizational cynicism, job burnout, and POS as a mean to reduce negative workplace phenomena.
A monolithic HEMT distributed amplifier using a low cost spacer technology

The design, fabrication, and performance of a monolithic HEMT distributed amplifier are described. Over the 0.5 -30 GHz frequency range a gain of 9.5 ±0.7 dB has been achieved. The HEMT gate process is based on a spacer technology without using electron beam lithography. Thus, the process is suitable for high volume low cost production of HEMT MMICs.
Global optimal control of variable air volume air-conditioning system with iterative learning: an experimental case study

The air-conditioning system in a large commercial or high-rise building is a complex multi-variable system influenced by many factors. The energy saving potential from the optimal operation and control of heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems can be large, even when they are properly designed. The ultimate goal of optimization is to use the minimum amount of energy needed to improve system efficiency while meeting comfort requirements. In this study, a multi-zone variable air volume (VAV) and variable water volume (VWV) air-conditioning system is developed. The steady state modes and dynamic models of the HVAC subsystems are constructed. Optimal control based on large scale system theory for system-level energy-saving of HVAC is introduced. Control strategies such as proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller (gearshift integral PID and self-tuning PID) and iterative learning control (ILC) are studied in the platform to improve the dynamic characteristics. The system performance is improved. An 18.2% energy saving is achieved with the integration of ILC and sequential quadratic programming based on a steady-state hierarchical optimization control scheme. 摘要目的采用实验方法研究变风量全局优化问题, 利用迭代学习控制策略优化动态控制性能, 获得变风量系统在系统层次的最优。 创新点1. 采用全新的兼有变风量和变水量功能的实验平台; 2. 引入递阶优化控制理论, 建立变风量系统的动态和稳态模型; 3. 采用先进控制策略, 如自校正比例积分微分 (PID) 控制和迭代学习控制等。 方法1. 将系统进行分解 (图 4), 并建立系统稳态模型 (公式 6–11)、 动态模型 (公式 12–15) 和能耗模型 (公式 16); 2. 在此基础上采用变速积分 PID、 自校正 PID 和迭代学习控制对系统底层进行动态控制, 在系统整体优化中引入迭代学习。 结论1. 先进控制策略的引入有利于优化变风量系统动态控制过程; 2. 采用基于迭代学习的优化方法, 可使系统节能约 18.2%。
Single-cell sorting of marine plankton based on micro-optical tweezers

Marine plankton are micro and diverse, and most of them are still non-cultivable. So single-cell analysis, focused on the study of diversity and heterogeneity of their cells, has become a hot issue in marine microbiology research, which relies on sound single-cell preparation technology for upstream operations. By combining micro-optical tweezers technology with microfluidic droplet wrapping technology, we developed a fluorescence microscopic optical tweezers system for plankton sorting. Our system consists of a micro-optical tweezers module, a fluorescence module, an imaging module and a sorting module. Using this system, we conduct single-cell observation, monitoring, capture manipulation, separation and extraction of microplankton in seawater samples. The specific process is as follows: 1. Prepare samples, including grading filtration and enrichment of seawater sampled in Qingdao offshore. 2. Observe and select the target single-cell with a specific sorting chip on the microscopic optical tweezers single-cell sorting system. And perform visualized microdroplet single-cell sorting through optical tweezers capture manipulation. 3. Take out the target living single-cell after forming microdroplets. Using our experimental system, we are able to provide precise technical support for downstream experiments including single-cell culture, sequencing and monoclonality. In addition, our method has the advantages of flexible operation, intact cells and visualization as "what you see is what you get". Meanwhile, it has a 100% single-cell acquisition rate while maintaining the high viability of the sorted cell.
Highway Vehicle Electric Drive in the United States: 2009 Status and Issues

The status of electric drive technology in the United States as of early 2010 is documented. Rapidly evolving electric drive technologies discussed include hybrid electric vehicles, multiple types of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, and battery electric vehicles. Recent trends for hybrids are quantified. Various plug-in vehicles entering the market in the near term are examined. The technical and economic requirements for electric drive to more broadly succeed in a wider range of highway vehicle applications are described, and implications for the most promising new markets are provided. Federal and selected state government policy measures promoting and preparing for electric drive are discussed. Taking these into account, judgment on areas where increased Clean Cities funds might be most productively focused over the next five years are provided. In closing, the request by Clean Cities for opinion on the broad range of research needs providing near-term support to electric drive is fulfilled.
Advanced methods for prediction of animal-related outages in overhead distribution systems

Occurrence of outages in overhead distribution systems is a significant factor in determining distribution system reliability. Analysis of animal-related outages has practical value since animals cause a large number of outages in overhead distribution systems. This dissertation presents several different methods to investigate the impact of weather and time of the year on the animal-related outage rate. The animal-related outages from year 1998 to year 2007 for different cities in Kansas are provided by Westar Energy. From examinations of the historical data, two factors which influence the animal-related outages, the month type and the number of fair weather days are taken as inputs along with historical outage data for prediction models. Poisson regression model, neural network model, wavelet based neural network model and Bayesian model combined with Monte Carlo simulations are applied to the weekly data of different cites. Even though Poisson regression models, Bayesian models and neural network models are able to recognize the changing pattern of outage rates under different weather conditions, they are limited in their ability to follow the high peaks in the time series of weekly animal-related outages. The introduction of wavelet transform techniques overcomes this problem. Simulation results indicate that the wavelet based neural network models are able to capture the pattern of fast fluctuations in the weekly outages of different cities in Kansas of various sizes. A hyperpermutation method inspired by artificial immune system algorithm is used to solve the overtraining problem in the application of neural networks. Finally, Monte Carlo simulations based on conditional probability tables from Bayesian models are used to find out the confidence intervals of the predictions. We aggregate the weekly data and carry out the analysis on a monthly and yearly basis too. Simulation results indicate that the models are able to capture the pattern as at least 90% of the observed values are within the upper limits of 95% confidence in the predictions for weekly, monthly and yearly animal-related outages of different cities in Kansas. The results obtained from Monte Carlo simulations are compared with the wavelet based neural network model to indentify years with more than expected level of outages.
Managers, micros and mainframes: integrating systems for end-users

Information is unquestionably a critical resource in the operation of all organizations, but the wealth of information now available through dramatic new developments in microcomputer and communications technology can create new problems of quality, consistency and security. Managers, Micros and Mainframes sets out to show how, in order to exploit the new technology fully, micros can and, must be integrated with large-scale mainframe information systems. It also shows, however, that innovative management strategies are vital in dealing with the confluence of information and communications technologies. Second in an important new series in information systems which seeks to address and challenge the issues raised by the rapid expansion of new technology, this book is a first attempt to pool the different kinds of expertise required to solve the new problems and exploit the new opportunities offered by end-user computing in a micro-mainframe environment. Drawing upon contributions by leading researchers and practitioners from the computer science, management science and management information systems fields, this book discusses and analyses the technological and managerial questions faced by many organizations today, and explores the opportunities for tomorrow. The book is suitable as a text for graduate courses in end-user computing but will also be of great value to academics, researchers and practitioners.
Effect of rotor sleeve conductivity on rotor eddy-current loss in high-speed PM machines

Prediction of eddy-current power loss in high-speed PM machines is an important subject, helping the designer to avoid over-heating and maximise efficiency. Studies of a generic form of PM machine show that a conducting sleeve usually reduces losses due to long-wavelength harmonics but increases those due to short-wavelength harmonics. In some operating circumstance total loss is increased. However, in the most important practical circumstances, the presence of a sleeve having a suitable value of conductivity can be expected to be markedly beneficial.
Diabetes mellitus type 1 og type 2 i svangerskap. UNN Tromsø fra 1999-2011.

Graviditet hos kvinner med tidligere kjent type 1 og type 2 diabetes er assosisert med darligere prognose for mor og barn, med okt risiko for svangerskapskomplikasjoner og darligere svangerskapsutkomme. Tilstrekkelig behandling for og under svangerskap er med pa a bedre svangerskapsutkomme, bl. annet ved a redusere forekomsten av medfodte misdannelser og makrosomi. Med denne studien onsket jeg a undersoke situasjonen til alle gravide kvinner med tidligere kjent diabetes mellitus type 1 og 2 som ble fulgt opp ved Endokrinologisk seksjon UNN Tromso i perioden fra 1999 og fram til 2011. Dette for a belyse kvaliteten av den oppfolgingen og behandlingen de mottar prekonsepsjonelt og under svangerskapet, med tanke pa svangerskapskomplikasjoner og svangerskapsutkomme. Vi utforte en retrospektiv kvalitativ undersokelse av kvinner med tidligere kjent type 1 eller type 2 diabetes. Resultatene ble sammenlignet med nasjonale data og data fra Troms fylke og Tromso fra Folkehelseinstituttes/ medisinsk fodselsregisters nettside. I perioden 1999-2011 fant vi 120 svangerskap hos 86 kvinner. 100 svangerskap resulterte i levendefodsel, hvorav 76 fodt av type 1 diabetikere, mens 24 av type 2 diabetikere. Kvinnene har god glykemisk kontroll under svangerskapet. Svangerskapskomplikasjoner ble sett i begge gruppene. Hyppigst preeklampsi med en forekomst pa 27,3 % hos type 1 diabetikerne og 36 % hos type 2 diabetikerne. Forekomsten av keisersnitt var i begge gruppene rundt 60 %, over 3 ganger sa hyppig som generelt i Tromso i samme periode. Det ble funnet signifikante korrelasjoner mellom keisersnitt og preeklampsi, samt mellom preeklampsi og fodselsvekst. Diabetikerne ved UNN foder storre barn og de har hoyere forekomst av prematuritet sammenlignet med ikke-diabetikere. Det ble fodt 12 barn med fodselsvekt over 4500 gram, samt 20 premature barn. Sammenlignet med andre studier ligger UNN godt an med tanke pa fodselsvekt og prematuritet, men darligere med tanke pa preeklampsi og keisersnitt. Det var ingen perinatal mortalitet. Behandlingen og oppfolginen av gravide diabetikere ved UNN er av god kvalitet, men svangerskapsutkomme er fortsatt ikke den samme som for gravide kvinner uten diabetes. Fortsatt kan svangerskapsutkomme for kvinnene ved UNN bli bedre, selv om behandlingen de mottar ved UNN er innenfor internasjonal standard.
Low-RCS Broadband Phased Array Using Polarization Selective Metamaterial Surface

In this letter, a broadband wide-scanning phased array with radar cross-section (RCS) reduction performance is presented. The proposed phased array is composed of two types of antenna elements: Ant-0 and Ant-1. Ant-0 and Ant-1 are the y-polarized dipole antennas that have almost the same radiation performance over the frequency range of 6.5–12 GHz. Ant-1 is obtained by codesigning Ant-0 with a polarization selective metamaterial surface (PSMS), and the PSMS has little effect on the y-polarized radiation performance. As of x-polarized incident waves, the phase difference of the reflected waves on Ant-0 and Ant-1 is around 180° over the frequency range of 3.74–15.1 GHz; thus, a broadband scattering cancelation is achieved. A 5×16 finite array is fabricated and measured, and the measured results show great agreement with the simulated results. The fabricated phased array antenna has the ability to scan to ±60° with active VSWR < 3 over the frequency range of 6.5–12 GHz and over the frequency range of 3.9–15.1 GHz, and ultrabroadband monostatic RCS reduction is achieved.
Instruments and Evaluation Designs Used in Gifted Programs

The project entitled Investigations Into Instruments Used in the Identification of Gifted Students and the Evaluation of Gifted Programs was divided into two avenues of study. The first series of inquiries are reported in the technical report document entitled Instruments Used in the Identification of Gifted and Talented Students. The second series of studies, which are reported in this document, focused on documenting current practices in the evaluation of gifted programs and on investigating the factors which make evaluation more useful to decision-makers. A solicitation of instruments and program evaluation designs led to the establishment of databases containing information on current practices. The review of current practices and a study of evaluation utility provided us with guidelines for constructing useful and informative evaluations, some disappointing findings which indicate that often these guidelines are not being followed, and heartening examples of promising practices. * This report is the second of two technical reports which summarize the research project entitled "Investigations Into Instruments Used in the Identification of Gifted Students and the Evaluation of Gifted Programs. "
Save Our Science: How to Inspire a New Generation of Scientists

Contents Introduction: A new kind of learner PROBLEMS How did we get here? A mission aborted Bad habits die hard Girls and science: A dream deferred Color barriers SOLUTIONS Reduce our reliance on standardized testing Emphasize success through failure Make math sexy Repeal or modify NCLB Make it fun Teachers: Flip this class! After-school activities Introduction: A new kind of learner Listen now, for the sound that forevermore separates the old from the new: " Beep … beep … beep… beep …. " — NBC radio announcer introducing the first transmitted sounds from the Soviet Just as the first faint electronic sounds from an orbiting satellite marked a transformative advance in international science more than a half-century ago, we are now beginning to hear new signals of a similar dramatic and important shift with our children, their schools, and our educational system. The 21 st century requires a new kind of learner — not someone who can simply churn out answers by rote, as has been done in the past, but a student who can think expansively and solve problems resourcefully. The traditional academic skills of reading, 'riting, and 'rithmetic must be replaced with creativity, curiosity, critical thinking and problem solving, and collaborative and communication skills in order to solve the complex problems of tomorrow. Every year, millions of children enter kindergarten armed with a one-word key question: " Why? " Curious and interested, they unceasingly ask for explanations about everything and anything. Parents and caretakers do their best to come up with answers to the problem at hand, but behind each child's question is another follow-up question. And another. And another. As trying as this process may be for adults, this constant questioning is a vital activity for children. Their brains are busily creating pathways; they are learning, and — just as importantly — learning how to learn. They are miniscientists trying to understand how the world works. questions begin to fade away. As a long-time instructor, I've become accustomed to this silence in my materials science class, particularly when I am teaching something that is unfamiliar to most students and might be challenging. I'll pause and ask, " Any questions? " Often, there are none. Students will slouch in their desks and avert their gaze as I try to make eye contact. They cannot show weakness. They want to say something but often second-guess their own curiosity, wondering …