Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On parsimony and clustering

This work is motivated by applications of parsimonious cladograms for the purpose of analyzing non-biological data. Parsimonious cladograms were introduced as a means to help understanding the tree of life, and are now used in fields related to biological sciences at large, e.g., to analyze viruses or to predict the structure of proteins. We revisit parsimonious cladograms through the lens of clustering and compare cladograms optimized for parsimony with dendograms obtained from single linkage hierarchical clustering. We show that despite similarities in both approaches, there exist datasets whose clustering dendogram is incompatible with parsimony optimization. Furthermore, we provide numerical examples to compare via F-scores the clustering obtained through both parsimonious cladograms and single linkage hierarchical dendograms.
A Brief Review on the Electrohydrodynamic Techniques Used to Build Antioxidant Delivery Systems from Natural Sources

Extracts from plants have been one of the main sources of antioxidants, namely polyphenols. The associated drawbacks, such as instability against environmental factors, low bioavailability, and loss of activity, must be considered during microencapsulation for a better application. Electrohydrodynamic processes have been investigated as promising tools to fabricate crucial vectors to minimize these limitations. The developed microstructures present high potential to encapsulate active compounds and for controlling their release. The fabricated electrospun/electrosprayed structures present different benefits when compared with structures developed by other techniques; they present a high surface-area-to-volume ratio as well as porosity, great materials handling, and scalable production—among other advantages—which make them able to be widely applied in different fields, namely in the food industry. This review presents a summary of the electrohydrodynamic processes, main studies, and their application.
Adaptive neural network fixed‐time control of 
 p$$ p $$ ‐normal systems with asymmetric output constraints

This paper studies the problem of fixed‐time H∞$$ {H}_{\infty } $$ control for a class of nonlinear p$$ p $$ ‐normal systems with asymmetric output constraints and external disturbances. Compared with the existing fixed‐time control schemes, the smooth switching functions are designed to avoid the singularity problem. Then, a time‐varying nonlinear transformation function (NTF) is introduced, blue and a unified tool to deal with the symmetric, asymmetric, and even unconstrained problems simultaneously. Moreover, by adding blue one power integration technology, the H∞$$ {H}_{\infty } $$ controller is designed, which can inhibit the influence of external disturbances on the system. According to Lyapunov stability analysis, the presented fixed‐time H∞$$ {H}_{\infty } $$ blue control method ensures that all signals are bounded in a fixed time. In the end, two simulation examples demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
The Antimicrobial Potential and Aquaculture Wastewater Treatment Ability of Penaeidins 3a Transgenic Duckweed

With the development of aquaculture, wastewater treatment and diseases have been paid more and more attention. The question of how to improve the immunity of aquatic species, as well as treat aquaculture wastewater, has become an urgent problem. In this study, duckweed with a high protein content (37.4%) (Lemna turionifera 5511) has been employed as a feedstock for aquatic wastewater treatment and the production of antimicrobial peptides. Penaeidins 3a (Pen3a), from Litopenaeus vannamei, were expressed under the control of CaMV-35S promoter in duckweed. Bacteriostatic testing using the Pen3a duckweed extract showed its antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Transcriptome analysis of wild type (WT) duckweed and Pen3a duckweed showed different results, and the protein metabolic process was the most up-regulated by differential expression genes (DEGs). In Pen3a transgenic duckweed, the expression of sphingolipid metabolism and phagocytosis process-related genes have been significantly up-regulated. Quantitative proteomics suggested a remarkable difference in protein enrichment in the metabolic pathway. Pen3a duckweed decreased the bacterial number, and effectively inhibited the growth of Nitrospirae. Additionally, Pen3a duckweed displayed better growth in the lake. The study showed the nutritional and antibacterial value of duckweed as an animal feed ingredient.
Effect of Crocin and Treadmill Exercise on Spermatogenesis and Testis Structure in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats: An Experimental Study

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of crocin and treadmill exercise on oxidative stress, sperm parameters, and testis structure in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 64 diabetic rats induced by a single intraperitoneal (IP) injection of STZ (50 mg/ kg) were assigned to the following groups (n=8/each): healthy control group, diabetic control group, diabetic group treated daily with crocin at a dose of 50 mg/kg, and one healthy group receiving daily crocin at a dose of 50 mg/kg for 56 days. Some groups such as the controls and diabetics exercised with treadmill, as well as the healthy and diabetic groups performed daily exercise with treadmill and crocin. After crocin treatment, all rats were anesthetized, their blood samples were taken, and the serum level of insulin, glucose, and oxidative stress markers were measured. Finally, the testicles and epididymis were removed and sperm parameters were assessed. Results: Treatment of diabetic rats with crocin along with treadmill exercise significantly replaced the testicular tissue damage, sperm parameters, glucose, and insulin plasma levels (P=0.001). In diabetic rats, moreover, the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) was increased and the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) enzymes activity were reduced in the testicular tissue (P=0.001). Crocin administration (50 mg/kg BW) and exercise significantly improved these parameters (P<0.05). Conclusions: Our results confirm the antioxidant role of crocin and the positive role of treadmill exercise in improving the sperm parameters and testicular oxidative damage caused by diabetes.
On the Cube of a Graph

The nth power Gn of a connected graph G is the graph with the same point set as G and where two points u and v are adjacent in Gn if and only if the distance between u and v in G is at most n. The graph G2 is called the square of G while G3 is referred to as the cube of G.
Insurance Technology (Insurtech) : A Momentum To Restore Public Trust In Insurance During Pandemic

Indonesia is one of the countries experiencing an economic crisis due to the Corona pandemic. Although the Covid-19 pandemic has had a negative impact on various industrial sectors, in fact in the midst of this pandemic and economic uncertainty, the Insurance technology (insurtech) sector or technology-based insurance is actually experiencing rapid growth in Indonesia, this is because public awareness of the importance of health protection is increasing. during the pandemic. This study aims to analyze the creation of a relationship between technology related, knowledge related, and trust related in insurtech through collaboration in utilizing digital platforms that are popular in the market, both e-commerce platforms
Charging/Refueling Navigation Strategies for Plug-in Hybrid Hydrogen and Electric Vehicles With Irrationalities and Energy Substitution

Electric vehicles (EVs) are believed to be effective in reducing the use of fossil fuels. However, the increasing penetration of EVs can lead to challenges in managing EV charging/refueling. Typically, when EVs simultaneously gather at the stations, long queueing lengths and waiting times might occur, which might result in EV disutility. Thus, in this article, novel decision-making strategies considering the irrational behaviors of EVs are formulated to ensure the utility of EVs. Three types of EVs are investigated, i.e., plug-in electric vehicles, fuel cell electric vehicles, and plug-in hybrid hydrogen and electric vehicles (PH2EVs). First, three typical types of irrationalities are modeled based on prospect theory and irrational herding theory, including risk attitude irrationality, probability distortion, and irrational herding behaviors. Second, decision-making strategies, including station selection, navigation, and energy purchasing, are modeled based on EV irrationalities. In addition, when making the station selection decision, the selection ranking index is proposed to balance energy price and waiting time. Third, the energy substitution of PH2EV is investigated to determine the optimal energy-purchasing mixture of electricity and hydrogen. Simulation results show that the average waiting time and charging/refueling time of EV users of the proposed model are reduced compared with the other two cases where EV users are assumed to be rational. In addition, the overall utility of EV users is enhanced.
Imatinib Resistance in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Associated with a D363G BCR::ABL1 Kinase Domain Mutation

Acquired resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) remains a therapeutic challenge in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). The most studied reason for TKI resistance is the acquisition of mutations within the BCR::ABL1 tyrosine kinase domain (KDM) and of which the majority of which occur at seven codons within this region. A case of CML is described in which presence of a rare D363G BCR::ABL1 KDM resulted in a suboptimal response to frontline imatinib. Switching to dasatinib resulted in achieving a sustained major molecular response that was maintained after a subsequent switch to bosutinib due to the side effects. Reporting of such cases is important for the future management of any CML patients with this rare mutation.
The structural physical approximation conjecture

It was conjectured that the structural physical approximation (SPA) of an optimal entanglement witness is separable (or equivalently, that the SPA of an optimal positive map is entanglement breaking). This conjecture was disproved, first for indecomposable maps and more recently for decomposable maps. The arguments in both cases are sketched along with important related results. This review includes background material on topics including entanglement witnesses, optimality, duality of cones, decomposability, and the statement and motivation for the SPA conjecture so that it should be accessible for a broad audience.
Precision Oncology by Point-of-Care Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Dosage Adjustment of Conventional Cytotoxic Chemotherapies: A Perspective

Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of conventional cytotoxic chemotherapies is strongly supported yet poorly implemented in daily practice in hospitals. Analytical methods for the quantification of cytotoxic drugs are instead widely presented in the scientific literature, while the use of these therapeutics is expected to keep going for longer. There are two main issues hindering the implementation of TDM: turnaround time, which is incompatible with the dosage profiles of these drugs, and exposure surrogate marker, namely total area under the curve (AUC). Therefore, this perspective article aims to define the adjustment needed from current to efficient TDM practice for cytotoxics, namely point-of-care (POC) TDM. For real-time dose adjustment, which is required for chemotherapies, such POC TDM is only achievable with analytical methods that match the sensitivity and selectivity of current methods, such as chromatography, as well as model-informed precision dosing platforms to assist the oncologist with dose fine-tuning based on quantification results and targeted intervals.
A Bacteriological Comparison of the Hemolymph from Healthy and Moribund Unionid Mussel Populations in the Upper Midwestern U.S.A. Prompts the Development of Diagnostic Assays to Detect Yokenella regensburgei

Recent bacteriological investigations of freshwater mussel mortality events in the southeastern United States have identified a variety of bacteria and differences in bacterial communities between sick and healthy mussels. In particular, Yokenella regensburgei and Aeromonas spp. have been shown to be associated with moribund mussels, although it remains unclear whether these bacteria are causes or consequences of disease. To further understand the role of bacteria in mussel epizootics, we investigated mortality events that occurred in the upper Midwest in the Embarrass River (Wisconsin) and the Huron River (Michigan). For comparison, we also studied mussels from an unaffected population in the St. Croix River (Wisconsin). Diverse bacterial genera were identified from these sites, including Y. regensburgei from moribund mussels in the Embarrass River (Wisconsin). This bacterium has also been consistently isolated during ongoing mortality events in the Clinch River (Virginia). Subsequently, we developed and validated molecular assays for the detection of Yokenella to use in future investigations of mussel mortality events and to identify environmental reservoirs of this bacterium.
Modeling Turbulence Generation in the Atmospheric Surface and Boundary Layers

Abstract : Optical turbulence effects in the earth's atmosphere are greatest on systems operating in the surface-layer atmosphere. To estimate the performance of systems operating in such environments, direct measurement of current local conditions is always possible, but a common approach used for planning purposes involves estimating the distribution of optical turbulence strength for a given locale through the connections provided by flux-profile relations (Monin-Obukhov similarity theory) between the sensible heat flux generated in the surface-layer atmosphere and the refractive index structure parameter. This report examines various alternative methods for handling various energy-budget components especially important for nocturnal energy-budget calculations. Fluxes considered include radiative and ground flux components, solar direct and diffuse radiation, foliage-cover effects, and a detailed discussion of gravity-wave influences. The discussion and conclusions sections highlight options for extending the model to fluctuating inputs either based on measured data or through use of statistical fluctuations, as well as testing recommendations for a program of model validation.
A Family of DC-DC Converters Based on Y-Source Impedance Network and Boost Module

A novel family of high-gain converters based on the Y-source impedance network is proposed in this paper, providing novel solutions to high voltage gain applications. Compared with the traditional improved Y-source topology, the proposed new topologies relocate the switch from the output side to the input side, which effectively reduces the stress of the switching device, and the topology combines different boost modules, which effectively improves the boost ability. In order to show the characteristics of the proposed topologies, the operating principles and analyses are given detailed in this paper. Experimental results verify the feasibility of the proposed converters.
Role of Lignin in Wheat Plant for the Enhancement of Resistance against Lodging and Biotic and Abiotic Stresses

Lignification is a vital function in plants for improving tolerance against stressors. This article presents studies conducted on the relationship of wheat straw lignin with enhanced plant adaptation against lodging and stressors. Herein, we provide a thorough discussion of the chemical structure and lignin composition of straw and its alteration and uses. Lignin plays a critical role in withstanding harsh environments (biotic and abiotic). Resistance to accommodation in wheat also plays a critical role. Lignin can also produce several products, e.g., costly petroleum-based materials and other vital products, such as resins and composites, and new materials, such as biofuels and chemicals. In this study, wheat straw lignification analysis highlighted that lignin formation regulates cellulose and hemicellulose biosynthesis. In addition, the analysis showed considerable encouragement of lignin growth inside wheat straw and the formation of lignin interfaces, as for cellulose and hemicellulose. Wheat straw lignin is an important source of many essential bioactive moieties, particularly lignocelluloses, straw-based biofuels, and various chemicals. We also explored the molecular tools that influence lignin formation in wheat and the significant strides taken in broadening our understanding of nanotechnology tools. This knowledge could assist in the development of advanced wheat cultivars, increase lignin content, and strengthen feedstock efficiency, reducing the impact of other lignin-associated agronomic gains.
Multifunctional BiFeO3/TiO2 nano-heterostructure: Photo-ferroelectricity, rectifying transport, and nonvolatile resistive switching property

Multifunctional BiFeO3 nanostructure anchored TiO2 nanotubes are fabricated by coupling wet chemical and electrochemical routes. BiFeO3/TiO2 nano-heterostructure exhibits white-light-induced ferroelectricity at room temperature. Studies reveal that the photogenerated electrons trapped at the domain/grain boundaries tune the ferroelectric polarization in BiFeO3 nanostructures. The photon controlled saturation and remnant polarization opens up the possibility to design ferroelectric devices based on BiFeO3. The nano-heterostructure also exhibits substantial photovoltaic effect and rectifying characteristics. Photovoltaic property is found to be correlated with the ferroelectric polarization. Furthermore, the nonvolatile resistive switching in BiFeO3/TiO2 nano-heterostructure has been studied, which demonstrates that the observed resistive switching is most likely caused by the electric-field-induced carrier injection/migration and trapping/detrapping process at the hetero-interfaces. Therefore, BiFeO3/TiO2 .
Robust H1 filtering for a class of discrete-time nonlinear systems

In this paper, a robust H1 filtering problem is considered for a class of discrete-time nonlinear systems. Based on the Lyapunov method, a design criterion of the robust H1 filter guarantee not only the stability but also the prespecified upper bound of H1 norm from the disturbance inputs to error state outputs. The design condition can be solved easily by efficient convex optimization algorithms. Numerical examples show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Differential Effects of Hypoxia versus Hyperoxia or Physoxia on Phenotype and Energy Metabolism in Human Chondrocytes from Osteoarthritic Compared to Macroscopically Normal Cartilage

Chondrocyte phenotype and energy metabolism are altered in osteoarthritis (OA). However, most studies characterising the change in human chondrocyte behaviour in OA have been conducted in supraphysiological oxygen concentrations. The purpose of this study was to compare phenotype and energy metabolism in chondrocytes from macroscopically normal (MN) and OA cartilage maintained in 18.9% (standard tissue culture), 6% (equivalent to superficial zone of cartilage in vivo) or 1% oxygen (equivalent to deep zone of cartilage in vivo). MMP13 production was higher in chondrocytes from OA compared to MN cartilage in hyperoxia and physoxia but not hypoxia. Hypoxia promoted SOX9, COL2A1 and ACAN protein expression in chondrocytes from MN but not OA cartilage. OA chondrocytes used higher levels of glycolysis regardless of oxygen availability. These results show that differences in phenotype and energy metabolism between chondrocytes from OA and MN cartilage differ depending on oxygen availability. OA chondrocytes show elevated synthesis of cartilage-catabolising enzymes and chondrocytes from MN cartilage show reduced cartilage anabolism in oxygenated conditions. This is relevant as a recent study has shown that oxygen levels are elevated in OA cartilage in vivo. Our findings may indicate that this elevated cartilage oxygenation may promote cartilage loss in OA.
Mitochondrial DNA Supplementation of Oocytes Has Downstream Effects on the Transcriptional Profiles of Sus scrofa Adult Tissues with High mtDNA Copy Number

Oocytes can be supplemented with extra copies of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) to enhance developmental outcome. Pigs generated through supplementation with mtDNA derived from either sister (autologous) or third-party (heterologous) oocytes have been shown to exhibit only minor differences in growth, physiological and biochemical assessments, and health and well-being do not appear affected. However, it remains to be determined whether changes in gene expression identified during preimplantation development persisted and affected the gene expression of adult tissues indicative of high mtDNA copy number. It is also unknown if autologous and heterologous mtDNA supplementation resulted in different patterns of gene expression. Our transcriptome analyses revealed that genes involved in immune response and glyoxylate metabolism were commonly affected in brain, heart and liver tissues by mtDNA supplementation. The source of mtDNA influenced the expression of genes associated with oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), suggesting a link between the use of third-party mtDNA and OXPHOS. We observed a significant difference in parental allele-specific imprinted gene expression in mtDNA-supplemented-derived pigs, with shifts to biallelic expression with no effect on expression levels. Overall, mtDNA supplementation influences the expression of genes in important biological processes in adult tissues. Consequently, it is important to determine the effect of these changes on animal development and health.
Lumped mass method for Rayleigh waves

A simple numerical method is developed for the analysis of generalized Rayleigh waves in multilayered elastic media. The method which completely avoids the use of displacement potentials leads to a simple eigenvalue problem which may be solved by generally available effective computer codes. Numerical results obtained by the method show excellent agreement with previously published solutions obtained by other theories.
Gracefully Harmonious Graphs

Labelling problems are very useful in modelling, solving problems in other areas and enhance the study of algebraic structures. Nowadays, a more practical, accurate and efficient way of labeling a graph is using some mathematical methods like integer programming or constraint programming. This will improve the scope and quality of research. Here, considering the applications of Graceful and Harmonious labelings, we introduce a few new types of labeling, namely, gracefully harmonious labeling, gracefully felicitous labeling, gracefully elegant labeling, gracefully strongly c-elegant labeling and gracefully semi-harmonious labeling. In this paper, we prove that some complete multi-partite graphs is gracefully harmonious, gracefully felicitous and gracefully semi-harmonious. Keywords: Labeling; multi-partite graph; gracefully harmonious; gracefully felicitous; gracefully semi-harmonious. 2010 Mathematics Subject Classification: 05C78