Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Screening of Bovine Tissue-Specific Expressed Genes and Identification of Genetic Variation Within an Adipose Tissue-Specific lncRNA Gene

Global classification of bovine genes is important for studies of biology and tissue-specific gene editing. Herein, we classified the tissue-specific expressed genes and uncovered an important variation in the promoter region of an adipose tissue-specific lncRNA gene. Statistical analysis demonstrated that the number of genes specifically expressed in the brain was the highest, while it was lowest in the adipose tissues. A total of 1,575 genes were found to be significantly higher expressed in adipose tissues. Bioinformatic analysis and qRT-PCR were used to uncover the expression profiles of the 23 adipose tissue-specific and highly expressed genes in 8 tissues. The results showed that most of the 23 genes have higher expression level in adipose tissue. Besides, we detected a 12 bp insertion/deletion (indel) variation (rs720343880) in the promoter region of an adipose tissue-specific lncRNA gene (LOC100847835). The different genotypes of this variation were associated with carcass traits of cattle. Therefore, the outcomes of the present study can be used as a starting point to explore the development of cattle organs and tissues, as well as to improve the quality of cattle products.
Microorganisms of the Phyllosphere: Origin, Transport, and Ecological Functions

Microbes are ubiquitous residents of the atmosphere, including the air that we breathe. They are also widely present in terrestrial, marine, and aquatic environments. Typical microbes include viruses, fungi, archaea, bacteria, algae, and bryophytes. Many are of edaphic origin and play significant ecological roles in the soil. Propagules are exceedingly lightweight and small, generally measured in microns (millionths of a meter). Propagules achieve airborne status in the wind, where they may travel from a few millimeters to thousands of kilometers. Most have been recorded at least as high as the stratosphere. While airborne, microbes may pass through multiple generations. Microbes in the atmosphere are often accompanied by vast clouds of dust. They perform a variety of essential functions such as raindrop and snowflake condensation nuclei, without which there would be little or no precipitation. It is important to realize that all solid things that are carried up into the atmosphere must eventually fall back down to the Earth. When precipitated or deposited back onto the Earth, they may land on and occupy any surface, including trees and other plants where they become epiphytic residents. They have been documented on broad-leaved and needle-leaved trees from deserts to tropical rainforests. If they land on bare soil, they often participate in biological soil crusts that are important for soil stabilization and for water and nutrient cycling.
Estimating the Actual Evapotranspiration of Different Vegetation Types Based on Root Distribution Functions

Background and Aims: Evapotranspiration is an important part of the water cycle and energy cycle. However, even under the same climatic condition, there are spatial differences in actual evapotranspiration (ETa) due to different land use and land cover. To characterize the influence of different vegetation types on ETa in China, this study parameterized the vertical distribution of the root systems of different vegetation types. Methods: A one-dimensional soil-plant-atmosphere continuum (SPAC) model was constructed, and these root distribution functions were used to improve the root water absorption modulus of the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum model. Based on the improved model, the actual evaporation actual transpiration and ETa under different vegetation types were calculated, and the reasons for different ETa of different vegetation types were analyzed. Results: The results show that the root distribution of all vegetation types increases first and then decreases as the depth increases, and almost all the maximum values are in the range of 0–20 cm. The savanna has the shallowest root system, while the barren has the deepest root system. The average ETa calculated in China was about 342.2 mm/y in 2015. The average ETa of the broadleaf evergreen forests is the largest, about 773 mm/y and the barren is the smallest, about 151 mm/y. The average annual precipitation is the most important factor affecting the ETa differences of different vegetation types. Conclusion: The results provide solutions for estimating the ETa of different vegetation types and are significant to water resources management and soil and water conservation.
Interaction Between microRNAs and Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Tumor Microenvironment

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous population of cells generated during a series of pathologic conditions including cancer. MicroRNA (miRNA) has been considered as a regulator in different tumor microenvironments. Recent studies have begun to unravel the crosstalk between miRNAs and MDSCs. The knowledge of the effect of both miRNAs and MDSCs in tumor may improve our understanding of the tumor immune escape and metastasis. The miRNAs target cellular signal pathways to promote or inhibit the function of MDSCs. On the other hand, MDSCs transfer bioinformation through exosomes containing miRNAs. In this review, we summarized and discussed the bidirectional regulation between miRNAs and MDSCs in the tumor microenvironment.
Układ dwustrefowego sterowania napędu bezprzekładniowego dla tramwaju niskopodłogowego

It is proposed to apply direct electric drive (DED) based on synchronous machines with permanent magnets (PMSM) to drive of five-section low-floor tram. Given the limited size of the motor and its required overload capacity, based on the results of computer modeling of 2D magnetic field, the magnetization curve of machines was obtained and virtual computer model of PMSM was created in MATLAB/Simulink taking into account magnetic saturation of the machine. In vehicle cart designed especially for low-floor trams, the space for installation of 4 motor-wheels with DED is limited. Therefore it is impossible to use continuous angular sensor of the rotor position, which would facilitate smooth shape of electromagnetic torque. That is why three Hall sensors are used. To prevent pulsation of electromagnetic torque, which would lead to rapid wearing of tram wheels’ rims, hybrid observer is applies. This observer calculates angular speed and trigonometric functions sin and cos of rotor position angle on the basis of discrete Hall sensors signals. For the study of developed two-zone speed control system of PMSM of DED, the computer model that simulates the work of a digital control system was created. Using the model, series of experiments were conducted. They showed the efficiency of the applied approach. Słowa kluczowe: tramwaj niskopodłogowy, napęd bezprzekładniowy, PMSM, obserwator prędkości i kąta położenia wirnika, sterowanie dwustrefowe
Contextual Support for Less Salient Homophones and Pun Humor Appreciation: Evidence From Eye Movements in Reading Chinese Homophone Puns

Punning is an important means of creating humorous effects by intentionally exploiting semantic ambiguity. Previous psycholinguistic research on puns has mainly focused on the process of meaning retrieval in homograph puns, while it is still not entirely clear how readers dynamically utilize contextual information to understand homophone puns. In the current investigation, 68 native Chinese participants were recruited to read three types of experimental sentences while their eye movements were recorded: (1) the homophone-pun sentences where the less salient homophone was visually presented, (2) the homophone-salient sentences where the salient homophone was used, and (3) the homophone-error sentences where the critical context noun in the homophone puns was replaced with an unrelated word. Humor rating results of the homophone puns and the homophone-salient sentences demonstrated that the less salient homophones rather than the salient ones elicited much larger humor responses when presented visually in the same potential pun context. In addition, the reverse fixation pattern in the homophone area and the spill-over region also suggested that meanings of the salient homophones were more recoverable even when not presented visually. Statistical analyses of the homophone puns and the homophone-error sentences showed that the semantic relatedness between the critical context noun and the less salient homophone could significantly predict the humor rating scores of Chinese readers. Taken together, less salient homophones need to receive more contextual support to balance out the advantages of salient homophones before generating a humorous pun interpretation.
Effects of Oxaliplatin on Facial Sensitivity to Cool Temperatures and TRPM8 Expressing Trigeminal Ganglion Neurons in Mice

The chemotherapeutic agent oxaliplatin is commonly used to treat colorectal cancer. Although effective as a chemotherapeutic, it frequently produces painful peripheral neuropathies. These neuropathies can be divided into an acute sensitivity to cool temperatures in the mouth and face, and chronic neuropathic pain in the limbs and possible numbness. The chronic neuropathy also includes sensitivity to cool temperatures. Neurons that detect cool temperatures are reported to utilize Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channel, Subfamily M, Member 8 (TRPM8). Therefore, we investigated the effects of oxaliplatin on facial nociception to cool temperatures (18°C) in mice and on TRPM8 expressing trigeminal ganglion (TRG) neurons. Paclitaxel, a chemotherapeutic that is used to treat breast cancer, was included for comparison because it produces neuropathies, but acute cool temperature sensitivity in the oral cavity or face is not typically reported. Behavioral testing of facial sensitivity to 18°C indicated no hypersensitivity either acutely or chronically following either chemotherapeutic agent. However, whole cell voltage clamp experiments in TRPM8 expressing TRG neurons indicated that both oxaliplatin and paclitaxel increased Hyperpolarization-Activated Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated channel (HCN), voltage gated sodium channel (Nav), and menthol evoked TRPM8 currents. Voltage gated potassium channel (Kv) currents were not altered. Histological examination of TRPM8 fibers in the skin of the whisker pads demonstrated that the TRPM8 expressing axons and possible Merkel cell-neurite complexes were damaged by oxaliplatin. These findings indicate that oxaliplatin induces a rapid degeneration of TRG neuron axons that express TRPM8, which prevents evoked activation of the sensitized neurons and likely leads to reduced sensitivity to touch and cool temperatures. The changes in HCN, Nav, and TRPM8 currents suggest that spontaneous firing of action potentials may be increased in the deafferented neurons within the ganglion, possibly producing spontaneously induced cooling or nociceptive sensations.
The Retrieval Practice Hypothesis in Research on Learning by Teaching: Current Status and Challenges

To explain why students learn effectively by teaching, explaining to others in particular, Koh and colleagues advanced the retrieval practice hypothesis, which attributes the learning benefits entirely to the effect of practicing retrieval, that is, effortfully recalling to-be-taught information for the provision of instructional explanations. After delineating the rationale behind the retrieval practice hypothesis, the current situation of research, and the limitations of the existing approach, this paper proposes three tests for the evaluation of the hypothesis that address (1) whether explaining to others after initial studying surpasses restudying in learning performance, (2) whether the amount of effort to retrieve to-be-taught information from memory moderates the learning effects of explaining to others, and (3) whether the degree of elaboration during retrieval practice positively predicts the outcomes of learning by merely recalling to-be-taught information. Evidence is examined regarding whether each test is passed, and future directions for research on the retrieval practice hypothesis are discussed.
Hybrid Assembly and Annotation of the Genome of the Indian Punica granatum, a Superfood

The wonder fruit pomegranate (Punica granatum, family Lythraceae) is one of India’s economically important fruit crops that can grow in different agro-climatic conditions ranging from tropical to temperate regions. This study reports high-quality de novo draft hybrid genome assembly of diploid Punica cultivar “Bhagwa” and identifies its genomic features. This cultivar is most common among the farmers due to its high sustainability, glossy red color, soft seed, and nutraceutical properties with high market value. The draft genome assembly is about 361.76 Mb (N50 = 40 Mb), ∼9.0 Mb more than the genome size estimated by flow cytometry. The genome is 90.9% complete, and only 26.68% of the genome is occupied by transposable elements and has a relative abundance of 369.93 SSRs/Mb of the genome. A total of 30,803 proteins and their putative functions were predicted. Comparative whole-genome analysis revealed Eucalyptus grandis as the nearest neighbor. KEGG-KASS annotations indicated an abundance of genes involved in the biosynthesis of flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, and secondary metabolites, which are responsible for various medicinal properties of pomegranate, including anticancer, antihyperglycemic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. The genome and gene annotations provide new insights into the pharmacological properties of the secondary metabolites synthesized in pomegranate. They will also serve as a valuable resource in mining biosynthetic pathways for key metabolites, novel genes, and variations associated with disease resistance, which can facilitate the breeding of new varieties with high yield and superior quality.
In vitro and in vivo Activity of Phibilin Against Candida albicans

The increase in the occurrence of antifungal-resistant Candida albicans infections necessitates more research to explore alternative effective and safe agents against this fungus. In this work, Phibilin, a new antimicrobial peptide obtained from Philomycus bilineatus and used in traditional Chinese medicine, effectively inhibits the growth and activities of C. albicans, including the clinical resistant strains. Phibilin is a fungicidal antimicrobial peptide that exhibited its antimicrobial effect against C. albicans mainly by disrupting the membrane and interacting with the DNA of the fungi. In particular, Phibilin induces the necrosis of C. albicans via the ROS-related pathway. Moreover, this antifungal compound inhibited the biofilm formation of C. albicans by preventing the development of hyphae in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, Phibilin and clotrimazole displayed a synergistic effect in inhibiting the growth of the fungi. In the mouse cutaneous infection model, Phibilin significantly inhibited the formation of skin abscesses and decreased the counts of C. albicans cells in the infected area. Overall, Phibilin is potentially an effective agent against skin infections caused by C. albicans.
Integrated Sustainable Wind Power Harvesting and Ultrahigh Energy Density Wire‐Shaped Supercapacitors Based on Vertically Oriented Nanosheet‐Array‐Coated Carbon Fibers

Wind power harvesting in conjunction with supercapacitors (SCs) has attracted considerable attention. Nevertheless, the bottleneck in this field is how to develop SCs with low electrical resistance and high energy density. Herein, an ingenious strategy to integrate wind power harvesting and asymmetric wire‐shaped SCs (WSSCs) has been put forward for the first time. Remarkably, the asymmetric WSSCs are realized by using vertical FeOOH and CoNi2S4 nanosheet‐array‐coated flexible carbon fibers as negative and positive yarn electrodes, in which a vertically oriented and cross‐linked porous network, formed by electroactive nanosheet arrays, facilitates ionic diffusion and charge transport. Benefiting from an intriguing configuration, these asymmetric WSSCs, with superior flexibility and weavability, act as efficient energy storage devices, which exhibit low resistance, high volumetric energy density (3.2 mWh cm‐3), and strong durability (91.2% after 20 000 cycles). As a result, two serial WSSCs with a high voltage of 3 V can be effectively recharged, by harvesting a sustainable wind source, and repeatedly supplying power to the lamp without decline of electrochemical performance. Therefore, this work throws light on a new avenue for the development of sustainable energy harvesting and wearable energy storage.
‘It’s just PE’ till ‘It felt like a computer game’: using technology to improve motivation in physical education

Abstract Motivating adolescents to participate in exercise and physical activity is becoming increasingly important due to a rise in obesity but can be prevented through Physical Education. A quasi-experimental design, grounded in the Self-determination theory, was utilised to assess the impact of an intervention using wrist-worn digital physical activity monitors to provide individual feedback to participants. Within the context of K secondary school, a sample of 10, male Year 10 students (aged 14–15-year olds) were divided into experimental and control groups. Over a period of six week, the experimental group received feedback on their exercise levels after PE lessons, while the control group did not. Three quantitative research questions in this pilot study were analysed using independent and dependent t-tests and correlations were run to understand the interaction between motivation and exercise. Results indicated that students in the experimental group showed a statistically significant increase in identified regulation. Furthermore, exercise levels increased significantly from week 2 of the intervention to week 6 in both groups. This pilot study suggests providing specific digital feedback to individuals based on their exercise levels in PE can increase students’ motivation to exercise which in turn increases their levels of exercise in PE.
Learning from media studies theory and design practice: using the interpretive nature of film media for the communication of tacit knowledge in design research

This paper investigates the interpretive nature of film media as a format for tacit knowledge communication in design research. Film is already utilised in this capacity for documentaries and fictional films and the theory of tacit communication is well understood in the field of media studies. Lessons from the use of film in design practice, although more typically used for explicit communication, are also considered. The paper sets the historical context of film theory covering narrative, documentary types, aesthetics, and drawing on semiotics and rhetoric in design. The author describes two case studies: extensive design research was summarised into a short film for communication to an executive audience of decision makers at the University of Technology Sydney in 2008- 9; and looking at the impact of introducing a film summary requirement for graduate project research in the Innovation Design Engineering department at the Royal College of Art from 2006-8. The author’s conclusion is that there is merit in design researchers understanding film theory and practice to better leverage the medium for both tacit and explicit design research communication and the research process.
Error Analysis of Abstract Translation in Scientific Writing by Using Google Translate

Google Translate is a multilingual neural machine translation service developed by Google to translate text, documents, and websites from one language into another. The purpose of this research is to find out Google Translate errors when translating bachelor's paper abstracts from Indonesian into English. Six abstracts of Non-English major undergraduate student papers from diverse faculties Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Siti Khadijah Palembang were chosen at random. Following that, the data is compared for each sentence segment, as well as any words or phrases with problems are investigated. The result shows that the primary errors of abstract translations include lexico-semantic, tense, preposition, word order, distribution, and use of verb group, as well as active and passive voice errors. Abstract translation outcomes deviate significantly from expectations. Both translating English writings into Indonesian and Indonesian texts into English takes advanced translation abilities. Regarding translation, several factors should be considered; they include the linguistic system utilized for both languages and the cultural understanding of the two languages. In the case of scientific writing translation, involve a translator in improving the quality of translation. In terms of academics, it is recommended that further research be done on comparable challenges in abstract translation, but with more variety from diverse sources.
Reaching out for the Answer: Answer Type Prediction

Natural language is complex and similar statements can be expressed in various ways. Therefore, understanding natural language is an ongoing challenge in the ﬁeld of Question Answering. To make the process from the question to the answer, the QA pipeline can be broken down to several sub-steps, as e.g. prediction of the potential type of the answer, entity linking and detection of references for properties relevant for the formal query. The SMART Task challenge, co-located with ISWC 2021, focussed on two of these sub-tasks: relation linking and answer type prediction. With this paper, we present our approach for the latter task. Our solution is a two-staged process combining two separate multi-label classiﬁcation tasks. For the answer category prediction, we utilize the RoBERTa language model. Questions predicted as resource questions are then further classiﬁed regarding the concrete answer types – a list of ontology classes – utilizing the BERT language model.
Portal Sepsis , mechanical ventilation and the heart

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: Challenges in Travel Destination Recommendation

Picking a destination is the first step of any trip planning. While some travelers have an exact destination in mind, others have some degree of open-mindedness and can thus benefit from receiving destination recommendations. Online travel platforms often actively recommend a wide variety of travel destinations to their customers; however, customers at different stages of trip planning may expect different recommendations to serve different needs such as good alternative destinations or destinations for extending a trip. This makes recommending a destination challenging, requiring a complex synthesis of available contextual data along with consideration of a customer’s needs and the holistic user experience of receiving recommendations. At a technical level, destinations also represent complex entities with ambiguous geographical properties and naming conventions. In this paper, we discuss the technical and customer-centric challenges of building real-life destination recommendation systems. We supplement this by providing applied solution examples from Booking.com, one of the world’s leading online travel platforms.