Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Support Vector Machine Water Wave Optimization Algorithm Based Prediction Model for Metamorphic Malware Detection

In this paper, we proposed a novel method based on coupling of SVM (Support Vector Machine) and WWO (Water Wave Optimization) for detection of metamorphic malware. The working of SVM model depends upon the proper selection of SVM parameters. Malware signatures have been taken from G2, MWOR, MPCGEN and NGVCK (Next Generation Virus Creation Kit). Benign signatures have been taken from Gygwin, GCC, TASM, MingW and Clang . ClustalW and T-Coffee are used for signature alignment during primary pairwise alignment and secondary multiple alignment in order to avoid the problem of variable length of code. In this study WWO has been employed for determining the parameters of SVM. The performance of SVM-WWO method has been compared with LAD Tree, Naive Bayes, SVM and ANN(Artificial Neural Network). Furthermore, The results obtained show that the newly proposed approach provides significant accuracy. Satisfactory experimental results show the efficiency of proposed method for metamorphic malware detection. Further, it has been recommended that this method can be used to facilitate commercial antivirus engines.
A Comparison Analysis of Fog And Cloud Computing

In recent years, Fog Computing is introduced as a powerful extension of cloud computing and services to the edge of the network. Similar to Cloud, Fog provides data, compute, storage, and application services to end users. The fog computing is used to reduce the workload of the cloud computing by bringing basic computing services and analytic services to the edge of network, providing computing resources closer to the end devices, mobility support, improving overall network efficiency and performance and low latency. We explore the different applications of fog computing and various key comparison between cloud computing and fog computing.
Design and test of an artificial reference cow to simulate methane production

As a strong greenhouse gas, methane emission from dairy cows is a major contributor from livestock production. Methane emission may be mitigated by breeding and feeding strategies, but requires that methane production from individual cows must be accurately and precisely quantified first. Therefore, we need measurement technology capable of evaluating methane emission from a large number of cows in the barns. For developing such measurement techniques, a known reference source that simulates cow exhalation of methane that can be controlled is necessary to improve and validate measurement methods. The reference cow should be suited to operate in cow barns under practical conditions. In this study, we operated an artificial cow that was designed and constructed to simulate methane production and concentration patterns as measured from real cows in practice. The objective of this study was to test the working accuracy and precision of the artificial cow in defined methane exhalation rates. The total methane mass balance of the artificial cow between inputs (produced and inhaled methane) and output (exhaled methane) was tested at methane production rates ranging from 0.0707L/min to 0.4368L/min. Methane was injected by mass flow controllers into a cylinder. It used an actuator to force a piston moving inside this cylinder to simulate exhaling and inhaling cycles. Exchanged air went in and out through separated inlet and outlet tubes connected to the cylinder. The breath frequency, air exchange volume of each exhaling-inhaling cycle, methane production rate and the temperature of exhaling gas could be adjusted between 15 to 40 times/min, 4 to 6 Liter, 0 to maximum 5 L/min and 35 to 37°C, respectively. In addition, an evaluation model was developed to analyse the concentration levels and patterns of the artificial cow at different settings. During the mass balance experiment the exhaled air in the outlet tube was sampled by an FTIR-analyser. The results showed that average methane concentration in exhaled gas changed from 381ppm to 2400ppm with different methane flow rates, and showed a mean of 0.5 ± 2.1% differences between measured and model calculated results. The FTIR measured outputs had a strong positive relationship with the mass flow controller defined inputs. Linear regression analysis resulted in the following equation: MRoutR=MRinR×1.018-0.018 (RPP=0.999, P<0.001). The total methane mass differed on average 1.8% between the mass flow controller defined inputs and the FTIR measured outputs. The system’s methane input and output were almost equal. It is concluded that the artificial cow properly represented the methane exhalation of a cow, and that the system accurately controlled methane concentration and production. This system can be used as a reference source in dairy barns to develop and test practical methane measurement methods.
An open source database for the synthesis of soil radiocarbon
data: ISRaD version 1.0

Abstract. Radiocarbon is a critical constraint on our estimates of the timescales of soil carbon cycling that can aid in identifying mechanisms of carbon stabilization and destabilization, and improve forecast of soil carbon response to management or environmental change. Despite the wealth of soil radiocarbon data that has been reported over the past 75 years, the ability to apply these data to global scale questions is limited by our capacity to synthesis and compare measurements generated using a variety of methods. Here we describe the International Soil Radiocarbon Database (ISRaD, soilradiocarbon.org), an open-source archive of soils data that include data from bulk soils, or whole-soils; distinct soil carbon pools isolated in the laboratory by a variety of soil fractionation methods; samples of soil gas or water collected interstitially from within an intact soil profile; CO2 gas isolated from laboratory soil incubations; and fluxes collected in situ from a soil surface. The core of ISRaD is a relational database structured around individual datasets (entries) and organized hierarchically to report soil radiocarbon data, measured at different physical and temporal scales, as well as other soil or environmental properties that may also be measured at one or more levels of the hierarchy that may assist with interpretation and context. Anyone may contribute their own data to the database by entering it into the ISRaD template and subjecting it to quality assurance protocols. ISRaD can be accessed through: (1) a web-based interface, (2) an R package (ISRaD), or (3) direct access to code and data through the GitHub repository, which hosts both code and data. The design of ISRaD allows for participants to become directly involved in the management, design, and application of ISRaD data. The synthesized dataset is available in two forms: the original data as reported by the authors of the datasets; and an enhanced dataset that includes ancillary geospatial data calculated within the ISRaD framework. ISRaD also provides data management tools in the ISRaD-R package that provide a starting point for data analysis. This community-based dataset and platform for soil radiocarbon and a wide array of additional soils data information in soils where data are easy to contribute and the community is invited to add tools and ideas for improvement. As a whole, ISRaD provides resources that can aid our evaluation of soil dynamics and improve our understanding of controls on soil carbon dynamics across a range of spatial and temporal scales. The ISRaD v1.0 dataset (Lawrence et al., 2019) is archived and freely available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2613911.
Topic Modeling: A Complete Introductory Guide

I present an in-detail introduction to Topic Models (TM), a family of probabilistic models for (mainly) document modeling. I introduce and motivate the model, and illustrate its applications in Natural Language Processing (NLP), with the particular focus on a thorough description and derivation of the common inference algorithms proposed for TMs. I also compare the algorithms, overviewing various evaluation methods, and provide practical suggestions. Finally I look at a few popular extensions of TM before concluding
Intent and the Use of Wearables in the Workplace - A Model Development

Due to reasons like demographic changes and variations in the spectrum of illness, worldwide expenditures in the health market have exploded. Contemporary information systems are evolving rapidly in the field of ubiquitous computing and nowadays support health in various fields. Wearables and tracking technologies have emerged in private life for health and fitness support. This adoption reveals future possibilities for innovating the health-supporting systems in the workplace. The crucial point of introducing wearables in the occupational health management system is the acceptance of employees. This paper provides a literature-driven measurement model to explain the behavioral intention to use wearables in the occupational health management system. The model provided is supported by 17 hypothesized relationships between relevant constructs and validated by card-sorting.
A Novel Automatic Meal Delivery System

Since the rapid growth of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (or Industry 4.0), robots have been widely used in many applications. In the catering industry, robots are used to replace people to do routine jobs. Because meal is an important part of the catering industry, we aim to design and develop a robot to deliver meals for saving cost and improving a restaurant’s performance in this paper. However, for the existing meal delivery system, the guests must make their meals by themselves. To let the food delivery system become more user-friendly, we integrate an automatic guided vehicle (AGV) and a robotic arm to deliver a meal and put it on a table efficiently. The system consists of four phases. In the first stage, since most food feeding environments are indoors, we must build a map of an environment for a robot and use a laser sensor to construct a surrounding object’s real science. The second stage is global planning. The map is used for indoor navigation by computing the shortest path from the starting point to the map’s end point. The third phase is regional planning for obstacle avoidance, immediate avoidance, and re-planning of obstacles on the path. The last stage is how to control a robot arm to grab and put a meal on a table. We use an icon as the hint of the height of a table and operate the arm rotation angle according to this icon’s position. Our system provides the concept of an AGV combined with a robotic arm and provides a service for the food delivery system. In this way, waiters do not spend time dealing with meals and guests can automatically obtain their meals. The result shows that the proposed system will be helpful for the robot industry and the catering industry.
The Practice of Cystoscopy with Hydrodistention Since the 2011 American Urological Association Clinical Guideline on Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome

Abstract Introduction: We determined the rate of cystoscopy with hydrodistention (CH) before and after the 2011 American Urological Association (AUA) amended clinical guideline, “Diagnosis and Treatment of Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome. ” Methods: Clinical encounters with a diagnosis of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) where cystoscopy with and without hydrodistention was performed were identified in the Vizient® Clinical Data Base between January 2009 and February 2020. Demographic and clinical information such as patient age, gender, race, treating physician specialty, insurance type and type of hospital (teaching vs nonteaching) was recorded. Descriptive statistics, Wilcoxon 2-sample test and chi-square test were used to compare variables. An interrupted time series analysis was used to assess the change in CH rate following the June 2011 AUA guideline. Results: From January 2009 to February 2020, 69,983 encounters were identified to have an IC/BPS diagnosis and to have undergone outpatient cystoscopy, of which 7,502 (10.7%) were CH. Compared to those not undergoing CH, subjects with IC/BPS undergoing CH were younger, predominantly female, Caucasian and had commercial insurance. Before the guideline, across all medical specialties, the base rate of CH was rising from 16.6% at a rate of 0.12% per month. Following guideline release, the CH rate dropped by 6.8%, declining 0.07% per month until February 2020. This pattern was most pronounced in urology relative to all other medical specialties. Conclusions: The monthly average rate of CH among individuals with IC/BPS undergoing an outpatient CH dropped from nearly 17% before the 2011 AUA guideline to less than 10% in early 2020.
Characterization of dissolved organic carbon in Lake Mead

Characterization of Dissolved Organic Carbon in Lake Mead by Yixin Wei Dr. Spencer M. Steinberg, Examination Committee Chair Professor of Chemistry University o f Nevada, Las Vegas Lake Mead is located in the Mojave Desert and provides water for several states in the southwestern U.S. Although most o f the water in Lake Mead originates from the Colorado River, there are several minor sources o f water, such as the Virgin River, the Muddy River, and the Las Vegas Wash, that could impact water quality. The principal objective o f this study was to obtain new and fundamental information about dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in the Lake. This study focuses on the development o f concentration methods for aquatic humic substances (HS, major components o f DOC), and the characterization of HS using various analytical methods that are capable o f elucidating their unique molecular signatures that indicate their sources. Both evaporative concentration and solid phase extraction (using Discovery® DPA-6 S resin) methods have been utilized to obtain HS from the Lake. The limitations o f both approaches are elucidated. Characterization methods include fluorescence (synchronous and excitation-emission matrix), UV-Visible, and IR spectroscopy, high-performance size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC), tétraméthylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) iii Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. thermochemolysis GC-MS and pyrolysis GC-MS. To better reveal characteristics o f HS in the Lake, site profiles, depth profiles, and seasonal variations are investigated. Finally correlation analyses among the different parameters have also been examined. Overall, the HS samples from the four sources (especially the Las Vegas Wash), near the confluence of the Las Vegas Wash in Las Vegas Bay, and close to the lakeshore have been found to have different properties compared with those toward the center of the Lake.
Lithium Ion Capacitors in Organic Electrolyte System: Scientific Problems, Material Development, and Key Technologies

Lithium ion capacitors (LICs), which are hybrid electrochemical energy storage devices combining the intercalation/deintercalation mechanism of a lithium‐ion battery (LIB) electrode with the adsorption/desorption mechanism of an electric double‐layer capacitor (EDLC) electrode, have been extensively investigated during the past few years by virtue of their high energy density, rapid power output, and excellent cycleability. In this review, the LICs are defined as the devices with an electrochemical intercalation electrode and a capacitive electrode in organic electrolytes. Both electrodes can serve as anode or cathode. Throughout the history of LICs, tremendous efforts have been devoted to design suitable electrode materials or develop novel type LIC systems. However, one of the key challenges encountered by LICs is how to balance the sluggish kinetics of intercalation electrodes with high specific capacity against the high power characteristics of capacitive electrode with low specific capacitance. Herein, the developments and the latest advances of LIC in material design strategies and key techniques according to the basic scientific problems are summarized. Perspectives for further development of LICs toward practical applications are also proposed.
Explorer Models of Semantic Representation with Visual Attributes

We consider the problem of grounding the meaning of words in the physical world and focus on the visual modality which we represent by visual attributes. We create a new large-scale taxonomy of visual attributes covering more than 500 concepts and their corresponding 688K images. We use this dataset to train attribute classifiers and integrate their predictions with text-based distributional models of word meaning. We show that these bimodal models give a better fit to human word association data compared to amodal models and word representations based on handcrafted norming data.
The effect of GW9508 on cytotoxicity and gene expression of P53 in C118 cell line

Introduction: As one of the most common and invasive brain tumors, glioblastoma which originates in the nervous tissue of the brain has remained a therapeutic challenge given low success of conventional therapies. Small molecules including GW9508, due to their different roles in signaling and intracellular pathways and the production and increase of oxidative stress of mitochondrial origin, can cause cells to progress to apoptosis, also known as a cost-effective pharmacological factor. Therefore, in the present study, the anticancer and cytotoxic effects of GW9508 on A549 class lung cancer cells were investigated. Materials and Methods: In this experiment, the cell line (C118) was firstly cultured in DMEM culture medium containing 10% FBS and then treated with different concentrations of GW9508. MTT assay was used to determine IC50 and compare the viability of treated cells with different concentrations of GW9508 on days 1, 3, and 5 in the control group. To evaluate the effect, the qRT-PCR test was used with the IC50 concentration on the induction of apoptosis and expression of the P53 gene. Results: The results showed that GW9508 significantly reduced the viability and proliferation of C118 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner (P <.05). Morphological changes such as reduction of chromatin density and cell rotation were also observed in the cells. Also, molecular results showed that GW9508 was able to increase the expression of the P53 gene. Conclusions: The GW9508 small molecule induces cell death in glioblastoma cancer cells by reducing cell viability and increasing P53 gene expression. As a result, it has therapeutic potential to induce cell death in cancer cells and to treat cancer.
An empirical investigation of the audit expectation gap: Evidence from Cameroon

Although the audit expectation gap has been subject to substantial research over the past two decades, it remains a controversial issue for the audit profession. This study, therefore, examines the existence of an audit expectation gap in Cameroon between auditors and users (accountants, bankers, and investors), assesses the dimensions of the gap, and relates the findings to prior findings on the expectation gap. A survey questionnaire capturing fifteen semantic different belief statements on a five-point Likert scale was filled by respondents (n=365). The questionnaire addressed issues concerning auditors’ duties, and the consistency and usefulness of audits and audited statements of account. The results indicate significant evidence (α = 0.05) of an audit expectation gap concerning auditors’ accountability to prevent as well as detect fraud and to maintain the soundness of internal control systems, and issues related to auditors' objectivity and impartiality. An expectation gap was equally observed regarding auditors’ trustworthiness and whether audited statements of accounts obviously articulated the degree of guarantee and the work performed by auditors. We mainly recommend the establishment of an informative and educational platform aimed at keeping users abreast of auditors’ responsibilities. These findings serve as a critical reference point for policymakers and regulators interested in enhancing audit quality and audit reliability in Cameroon and other developing economies exhibiting similar audit regulatory and socio-economic characteristics as Cameroon. Key words: Auditing, auditors, cameroon, expectation, perception, users.
The Costs and Potential Benefits of Introducing the “I Don’t Know” Answer in Binary Classification Settings

We are of the opinion that during the design of a binary classifier one ought to consider adding an “I don’t know” answer. We provide the case for the introduction of this third category when a human needs to make a decision based on the answer from a binary classifier. We discuss the costs and potential benefits of its introduction. Colloquially, we have used the term “I don’t know”, but formally we refer to it as NotAvailable. A procedure to define NotAvailable predictions in binary classifiers, called all leave-one-out models (ALOOM), is presented as proof of the concept. Furthermore, we discuss the potential benefits of applying ALOOM in real life applications.
Suppression of the centrifugal barrier effects in the off-energy-shell neutron + 17 O interaction

The reaction $^{17}$O($n,\alpha$)$^{14}$C was studied at energies from $E_{cm}=0$ to $E_{cm}=350$ keV using the quasi-free deuteron break-up in the three body reaction $^{17}$O$+d \rightarrow \alpha+ ^{14}$C$+p$, extending the Trojan Horse indirect method (THM) to neutron-induced reactions. It is found that the $^{18}$O excited state at $E^*=8.125 \pm 0.002$ MeV observed in THM experiments is absent in the direct measurement because of its high centrifugal barrier. The angular distributions of the populated resonances have been measured for the first time. The results unambiguously indicate the ability of the THM to overcome the centrifugal barrier suppression effect and to pick out the contribution of the bare nuclear interaction.
Technical and Vocational Education (TVE): Role in Individual and National Growth

This paper focuses on understanding the role of Technical and Vocational Education (TVE) in individual development by gaining better employment and higher earnings. It further explores the relationship between Technical & Vocational Education and the growth of national economy. Technical and Vocational Education is the form of education that consists of training all necessary skills required for profitable employment as well as acquisition of basic educational foundation. TVE enables the individual to gain all necessary skills and competencies for employability which affect the national growth and development
Pancasila As Affirmations of Multicultural education In Indonesia

The research is aimed at figuring Out The Values Of Pancasila And promoting The base of the multicultural education as well as the description of multicultural in Indonesia based on The Values Of The Pancasila. The research method used in this research is a method of qualitative research with a literate study research strategy. The sources and methods of data aggregation were collected from data in libraries, internet, scientific articles, books, journals and documents related to the themes of scientific research back up, published and published in scientific work. As a result of the study, the writings were used as a grade of bacaan and a recommendation for The development of multiculturaleducation in Indonesia. For the author of a general description of The Importance of Promoting multicultural education in Indonesia. Membership of the information is based on the description of multicultural education that is based on The Values Of Pancasila.