Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anti-browning effects of citronellal on fresh-cut taro (Colocasia esculenta) slices under cold storage condition

The browning on the cut surface is a big problem reducing the quality of fresh-cut taro (FCT), which causes severe postharvest losses and may raise environmental impacts. Citronellal (CA) is a natural compound in several aromatic plants. This study investigated the effects of CA treatments in different concentrations (0.2, 0.5, and 1 mL/L) on the browning of FCT under cold storage at 5°C. The results indicated that low-dose (0.2 mL/L) CA treatment showed best anti-browning effects, reflecting at the maintained L* values but the reduced a*, b* and browning index values by CA treatment during cold storage. A repeated experiment using 0.2 mL/L CA confirmed fine anti-browning effects again. Furthermore, CA (0.2 mL/L) treatment markedly reduced the contents of total phenolic compounds and soluble quinones, restrained the activities of phenylalanine ammonia lyase, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase, down-regulated the gene expression of 18 browning-related enzymes in FCT. These results together strongly demonstrate the validity of CA on FCT browning prevention. Given that CA is a natural compound existing in plants, low concentration of CA possesses strong anti-browning effects on FCT and also inhibitory effects on pathogens, implying that its application has potentiality to preserve high quality of fresh-cut produce for processing and storage. Moreover, CA treatment significantly decreased malondialdehyde contents and lipoxygenase activity. Correlation analysis indicated that the lipid peroxidation of cell membrane was mostly correlated with FCT browning. The results suggest that membrane lipid peroxidation was a possible reason for FCT browning and CA treatment reduced browning, in part, through alleviating the lipid peroxidation of cell membrane. Overall, our results demonstrate that CA is a novel browning mitigator for FCT under cold storage condition.
An elasticity can be estimated consistently without a priori knowledge of functional form

We consider an open question in applied price theory: Without a priori knowledge of a firm's cost function or a consumer's indirect utility function, is it possible to estimate price and substitution elasticities consistently by observing a demand system? As the work of White [30], Guilkey, Lovell, and Sickles [19], and others has shown, ordinary flexible functional forms such as the translog cannot achieve this objective. We find that if one is prepared to assume that elasticities of substitution cannot oscillate wildly over the region of interest then consistent estimation is possible using the Fourier flexible form provided the number of fitted parameters increases as the number of observations increases. This result obtains with any of the commonly used statistical methods as, for example, multivariate least squares, maximum likelihood, and three-stage least squares. It obtains if the number of fitted parameters is chosen adaptively by observing the data or chosen deterministically according to some fixed rule. We approach the problem along the classical lines of estimability considerations as used in the study of less than full rank linear statistical models and thereby discover that the problem has a fascinating structure which we explore in detail.
Data-driven computational models of ventricular-arterial hemodynamics in pediatric pulmonary arterial hypertension

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a complex disease involving increased resistance in the pulmonary arteries and subsequent right ventricular (RV) remodeling. Ventricular-arterial interactions are fundamental to PAH pathophysiology but are rarely captured in computational models. It is important to identify metrics that capture and quantify these interactions to inform our understanding of this disease as well as potentially facilitate patient stratification. Towards this end, we developed and calibrated two multi-scale high-resolution closed-loop computational models using open-source software: a high-resolution arterial model implemented using CRIMSON, and a high-resolution ventricular model implemented using FEniCS. Models were constructed with clinical data including non-invasive imaging and invasive hemodynamic measurements from a cohort of pediatric PAH patients. A contribution of this work is the discussion of inconsistencies in anatomical and hemodynamic data routinely acquired in PAH patients. We proposed and implemented strategies to mitigate these inconsistencies, and subsequently use this data to inform and calibrate computational models of the ventricles and large arteries. Computational models based on adjusted clinical data were calibrated until the simulated results for the high-resolution arterial models matched within 10% of adjusted data consisting of pressure and flow, whereas the high-resolution ventricular models were calibrated until simulation results matched adjusted data of volume and pressure waveforms within 10%. A statistical analysis was performed to correlate numerous data-derived and model-derived metrics with clinically assessed disease severity. Several model-derived metrics were strongly correlated with clinically assessed disease severity, suggesting that computational models may aid in assessing PAH severity.
Risk factors and management associated with postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leak after endoscopic endonasal surgery for pituitary adenoma

Objective To determine risk factors and management for the development of a postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak after an endoscopic endonasal surgery (EES) for pituitary adenomas. Methods The clinical data of 400 patients who underwent EES for resection of pituitary adenomas from December 2018 to November 2019 in the Department of Neurosurgery of Beijing Tiantan Hospital were retrospectively reviewed. Age, gender, body mass index (BMI), tumor size, Knosp grade, suprasellar extension grade, sellar floor erosion grade, repeated transsphenoidal surgery, intraoperative CSF leak, use of pedicled nasoseptal flap and lumbar drain were collected and analyzed. Results Postoperative CSF leak occurred in 14 of 400 patients (3.5%). Age, gender, BMI, tumor size, Knosp grade and repeated transsphenoidal surgery were not risk factors for CSF leak. Suprasellar extension grade (≥B 6.0% vs. <B 1.4%; p = 0.024), sellar floor erosion grade (≥III 5.7% vs. <III 0.6%; p = 0.020) and intraoperative CSF leak (Yes 7.5% vs. No 2.0%; p = 0.009) were factors associated with an increased postoperative CSF leak rate. Conclusions Higher suprasellar extension grade, higher sellar floor erosion grade and intraoperative CSF leak were risk factors for postoperative CSF leak after endoscopic treatment of pituitary adenoma. Strict skull base reconstruction including use of a pedicled nasoseptal flap and perioperative lumbar drainage may avoid postoperative CSF leak.
Current applications of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in bone repair and regeneration: A review of cell experiments, animal models, and clinical trials

In the field of orthopaedics, bone defects caused by severe trauma, infection, tumor resection, and skeletal abnormalities are very common. However, due to the lengthy and painful process of related surgery, people intend to shorten the recovery period and reduce the risk of rejection; as a result, more attention is being paid to bone regeneration with mesenchymal stromal cells, one of which is the adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) from adipose tissue. After continuous subculture and cryopreservation, ASCs still have the potential for multidirectional differentiation. They can be implanted in the human body to promote bone repair after induction in vitro, solve the problems of scarce sources and large damage, and are expected to be used in the treatment of bone defects and non-union fractures. However, the diversity of its differentiation lineage and the lack of bone formation potential limit its current applications in bone disease. Here, we concluded the current applications of ASCs in bone repair, especially with the combination and use of physical and biological methods. ASCs alone have been proved to contribute to the repair of bone damage in vivo and in vitro. Attaching to bone scaffolds or adding bioactive molecules can enhance the formation of the bone matrix. Moreover, we further evaluated the efficiency of ASC-committed differentiation in the bone in conditions of cell experiments, animal models, and clinical trials. The results show that ASCs in combination with synthetic bone grafts and biomaterials may affect the regeneration, augmentation, and vascularization of bone defects on bone healing. The specific conclusion of different materials applied with ASCs may vary. It has been confirmed to benefit osteogenesis by regulating osteogenic signaling pathways and gene transduction. Exosomes secreted by ASCs also play an important role in osteogenesis. This review will illustrate the understanding of scientists and clinicians of the enormous promise of ASCs’ current applications and future development in bone repair and regeneration, and provide an incentive for superior employment of such strategies.
Clinical relevance of biomarkers, new therapeutic approaches, and role of post-translational modifications in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that causes progressive loss of cognitive functions like thinking, memory, reasoning, behavioral abilities, and social skills thus affecting the ability of a person to perform normal daily functions independently. There is no definitive cure for this disease, and treatment options available for the management of the disease are not very effective as well. Based on histopathology, AD is characterized by the accumulation of insoluble deposits of amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). Although several molecular events contribute to the formation of these insoluble deposits, the aberrant post-translational modifications (PTMs) of AD-related proteins (like APP, Aβ, tau, and BACE1) are also known to be involved in the onset and progression of this disease. However, early diagnosis of the disease as well as the development of effective therapeutic approaches is impeded by lack of proper clinical biomarkers. In this review, we summarized the current status and clinical relevance of biomarkers from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), blood and extracellular vesicles involved in onset and progression of AD. Moreover, we highlight the effects of several PTMs on the AD-related proteins, and provide an insight how these modifications impact the structure and function of proteins leading to AD pathology. Finally, for disease-modifying therapeutics, novel approaches, and targets are discussed for the successful treatment and management of AD.
Development of an ultra-precision stage control system using nonresonant ultrasonic motor

This paper presents the development of an ultra-precision stage control system by introducing the nonresonant ultrasonic motor (NRUSM). System identification experiments are carried out considering the fundamental characteristic of NRUSM. The friction, which affects the accuracy of the positioning, is evaluated. Then the relation between the friction and the control bandwidth is experimentally examined. Using the frictional property as well as the identified model, the position control system with friction compensation is designed. Moreover, for its design the anti-windup-based wide band control is performed. Thus, the effectiveness of the identified model and the designed control system is verified by simulations and experiments.
tipr: An R package for sensitivity analyses for unmeasured confounders

The strength of evidence provided by epidemiological and observational studies is inherently limited by the potential for unmeasured confounding. We focus on three key quantities: the observed bound of the confidence interval closest to the null, the relationship between an unmeasured confounder and the outcome, for example a plausible residual effect size for an unmeasured continuous or binary confounder, and the relationship between an unmeasured confounder and the exposure, for example a realistic mean difference or prevalence difference for this hypothetical confounder between exposure groups. Building on the methods put forth by Cornfield et al. (1959), Bross (1966), Schlesselman (1978), Rosenbaum & Rubin (1983), Lin et al. (1998), Lash et al. (2009), Rosenbaum (1986), Cinelli & Hazlett (2020), VanderWeele & Ding (2017), and Ding & VanderWeele (2016), we can use these quantities to assess how an unmeasured confounder may tip our result to insignificance.
14 animal communication

Many of the most spectacular and beautiful traits of animals function in communication. Especially striking to humans are certain visual signals, such as the vivid color patterns of coral reef fish and arrow poison frogs and the exaggerated feather ornaments of birds of paradise, egrets, and peafowl. Also obvious and beautiful to humans are the auditory signals of some animals, such as the songs of humpback whales, nightingales, and wood thrushes. Other animal signals tend to pass us by because of our sensory limitations; we miss out, for example, on most of the olfactory signals of insects such as butterflies and ants, and we are entirely oblivious to the electrical signals produced by some groups of fishes. Whether we are personally aware of them or not, animal signals pose interesting evolutionary questions. Natural selection should favor the evolution of signaling behaviors that benefit the signaler rather than the receiver, but then why do receivers pay attention to signals that have evolved to benefit others? Is it because signals contain information valuable to receivers? But why should such information be reliable (honest) enough to be worth attending to? Such evolutionary questions will be one focus of this chapter. A second focus will be the relationship between animal communication and human language. Human language is far more complex and cognitively sophisticated than the communication system of any non-human animal. Nonetheless we still can ask about specific ways in which human language is more advanced than animal communication, and about the nature of commonalities between the two. Before we get to any of these questions, however, we define communication and its relationship to information. I n t ro d u c t I o n
Infrared absorption of H2O toward massive young stars

We present ISO–SWS observations of absorption lines of gas–phase water within its bending vibrational mode at 6 m toward four massive young stars, which cover a range in physical parameters. Hot water with an excitation temperature>200 K is detected toward GL 2136 and GL 4176, in addition to GL 2591 discussed by Helmich et al. (this volume). The abundance of water with respect to H 2 is high in these regions, (2 3) 10 5, and comparable to the solid H 2O abundance. In contrast, no gas–phase water absorption lines are seen toward NGC 7538 IRS9. The amount of gas–phase water is correlated with the column density of warm gas along the line of sight. Infrared observations of a larger variety of sources may provide insight into the relative importance of evaporationof grain mantles vs. high temperature gas–phase chemistry in producing the observed high abundance of H 2O.
Deep Reinforcement Learning for Cognitive SONAR Systems

In recent years it has been shown that reinforcement learning can also be used for very complex tasks with the help of neural networks. Thereby strategies are often found that go beyond results achieved by humans. This allows the use in autonomous tasks in a variety of different areas and applications. One possible application is to control a cognitive SONAR system. The goal is to scan a port area optimally in order to detect and find incoming objects as quickly as possible. Therefore, an environment simulation was designed that represents the port area under consideration of random occurring reflections that result in different observations for each scan as well as the use of different novel SONAR scanning modes. This work presents an implementation and evaluation of an environment for the training of algorithms to enable the autonomous observation of a port area.
Ultrasound and Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound Patterns of Primary Psoas Major Muscle Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma: A Case Report

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma involving skeletal muscle is rare and accounts for less than 0.1%, most frequently affecting the lower extremities. A 63-year-old man complained of a persistent fever, accompanied by waist discomfort. Computed tomography and ultrasound detected an ill-defined solid mass in the right psoas major muscle. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound showed that peripheral inhomogeneous hyper-enhancement with nonenhancing central necrotic area was seen in the mass. Then, ultrasound-guided biopsy was performed and revealed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. This is the first case report demonstrated the primary psoas major muscle lymphoma and analyzed the ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound features of the tumor.
The Effect of Wages and Services on Employee Performance at PT. Aerofood Indonesia Kualanamu International Airport Branch, Medan

This study aims to determine whether wages and benefits for working period both partially and simultaneously have a significant effect on employee performance at PT. Aerofood Indonesia Kualanamu International Airport Medan Branch and what is the percentage. The method used in this study is a quantitative method with several tests, namely reliability analysis, classical assumption deviation test and linear regression. Based on the results of the primary data regression which was processed using SPSS 20, the following multiple linear regression equation was obtained: Y=8,358+0,059 X1+0,747 X2. Partially, the wage variable (X1) has no significant effect on employee performance, as evidenced by the value of t count <t table (0.695<1.994). The variable of long service allowance (X2) has a significant effect on employee performance, as evidenced by the value of t count >t table (7.085>1.994). Simultaneously, the variable wages (X1) and benefits (X2) have a significant effect on employee performance. This means that the hypothesis in this study is accepted, as evidenced by the calculated F-value >F-table (26,299>3,13). Wage variable (X1) and long service allowance (X2) were able to contribute to the influence of the performance variable by 43.3% while the remaining 56.7% was influenced by other variables not examined in this study. From the conclusions above, the authors suggest seeing the low percentage of the influence of the variable wages and benefits on employee performance, the company and employees must work together to support the professionalism of employees so that the goal of increasing professionalism can be achieved. It is hoped that there will be in-depth research. In the future, other researchers have conducted research regarding the variable of wages and long service benefits on performance.
DEOBFUSCATING THIRD PARTY LIBRARIES IN ANDROID APPLICATIONS USING LIBRARY DETECTION TOOLS

Nowadays there is a mobile application for almost every-thing. Adversaries can create malicious applications and hide their intent by obfuscating them. Obfuscation makes applications hard to analyse. In this research we focus on deobfuscating third party libraries in Android applications. More specifically, we show how off-the-shelf library detection tools intended for identifying third party libraries, can be used to deobfuscate those libraries. We achieve this by modifying and extending the output of those tools such that the result can be applied as a valid deobfuscating transformation on Android apps. We compare this method against DeGuard, an existing deobfuscation method based on a statistical model. We create a novel data set of Android applications and third party libraries and use it to evaluate both approaches. We find that our method predicts fewer identifiers than the existing method. However, our approach is less computationally expensive and has a higher accuracy. This research focuses on tackling identifier obfuscation. Future research is needed to adapt and evaluate the developed method on more thorough obfuscation types such as class repackaging.
Efficacy and safety of trastuzumab emtansine treatment in patients with metastatic HER-2 positive breast cancer: a single center study

Introduction: Trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) is one of the effective treatment options in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positive breast cancer patients. In this study, we aimed to find the effect of T-DM1 on survival, its tolerability and prognostic factors of T-DM1 treatment. Material and methods: The study was designed as a single-center, retrospective study that included patients treated in the oncology department of a university hospital in Turkey. HER2-positive patients with metastatic breast cancer who had a progression response to trastuzumab and taxane treatment and received T-DM1 treatment for at least 2 months between 2016-2022 were included in the study. Adverse events were defined according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v5.0 (CTCAE). Kaplan-Meier methodology and Cox proportional hazard modelling were used for survival analyses. Results: The median progression-free survival (mPFS) for T-DM1 was 10.4 months and the median overall survival (mOS) was 22 months. In the created univariate cox regression model, liver metastasis, ECOG performance status, and pre-treatment serum CA 15-3 were found to be factors associated with PFS. Liver metastasis (HR=2.54, p=0.019), ECOG performance status (HR=4.66, p=0.002), and serum CA 15-3 (HR= 2.55, p=0.041) maintained their statistical significance for PFS in the established multivariate analysis. In the regression analysis for OS, only ECOG performance status (HR= 2.61, p=0.023) was found to be prognostic. While toxicity occurred in 46 (82.1%) of the patients, grade 3-4 toxicity developed in 10 (17.9%) patients. The most common side effects were anemia, thrombocytopenia, fatigue and nausea. Conclusions: T-DM1 is a safe and tolerable agent that prolongs survival. Liver metastasis, ECOG performance status, and pre-treatment serum CA 15-3 levels are independent prognostic factors for patients using T-DM1.
POTENSI DAUN KETAPANG (TERMINALIA CATAPPA) SEBAGAI BIOREDUKTOR UNTUK SINTESIS NANOPARTIKEL PERAK DALAM PENYERAPAN METILEN BIRU

Silver nanoparticles are produced by chemical method, but this method can have a negative impact on the environment due to the use of toxic substances. So, green synthesis is more desirable for producing silver nanoparticles that has the minimum envioronmental hazard. Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles was mixed using ketapang leaf extract (Terminalia Catappa) as a bioreductor to potential of methylene blue absorption. Silver nanoparticles is a good semiconduktor materials used as photocatalists to absorbing of methylene blue. The synthesis process was carried out at a temperature of 80 °C for 10 minutes. The analysis of UV-Vis spectra found that the silver nanoparticles were synthetized using comparison of exrtact and AgNO 3 solution 1:7 with maximum wavelength absorbtion which is characteristic of the formation of silver nanoparticles at a wavelength 424 nm. SEM characterization indicates that the silver nanoparticles had a morphology of nanofibers. In this study showed that higher contact time of degradation will increase the percentage of methylene blue degradation. The degradation activity of methylene blue at a concentration of 25 mg/L in an optimal time of 6 hours resulted in degradation values of 86.13%.