Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DMSO_A_355749 1123..1139

Background: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease with a complex etiology comprising numerous genetic and environmental factors; however, many of the mechanisms underlying disease development remain unclear. Nevertheless, a critical role has recently been assigned to intestinal microorganisms in T1DM disease pathogenesis. In particular, a decrease in intestinal microbial diversity, increase in intestinal permeability, and the translocation of intestinal bacteria to the pancreas have been reported in patients and animal models with T1DM. Moreover, intestinal microbial metabolites differ between healthy individuals and patients with T1DM. Specifically, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, which contributes to intestinal barrier integrity and immune response regulation, is significantly reduced in patients with T1DM. Considering this correlation between intestinal microorganisms and T1DM, many studies have investigated the potential of intestinal microbiota in preventive and therapeutic strategies for T1DM. Objective: The aim of this review is to provide further support for the notion that intestinal microbiota contributes to the regulation of T1DM occurrence and development. In particular, this article reviews the involvement of the intestinal microbiota and the associated metabolites in T1DM pathogenesis, as well as recent studies on the involvement of the intestinal microbiota in T1DM prevention and treatment. Conclusion: Intestinal microbes and their metabolites contribute to T1DM occurrence and development and may become a potential target for novel therapeutics.
Feature Extraction Techniques for Efficient Analysis and Classification of Biomedical Images

: This paper develops and evaluates different techniques for detection, classification and analysis of pattern in medical images. The research work studies the structure of fractal and multi-fractal images; and extracts the statistical self-similarity features characterized by the Holder exponent for pattern classification. The effectiveness of local and global features has recently attracted growing attention in the field of texture image classification and retrieval. Global features from multi-fractal descriptors are extracted and combined with local features from fractal descriptors to generate new descriptors for efficient discrimination of images. The experimental approaches are validated for different scales of images during the classification process in order to determine the appropriate image size that could yield the maximum classification accuracy. The experimental results show that the descriptors extracted from the combined features considerably improve the performance of the classifiers. The results achieved in this paper have greatly demonstrated the effectiveness of local and global features in the analysis and classification of biomedical images.
Retraction Retracted: microRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma: carcinogenesis, progression, and therapeutic target

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of death from cancer, with dismal outcomes and an increasing incidence worldwide. Hepatocarcinogenesis is a multistep process that progresses from chronic hepatitis through cirrhosis and/or dysplastic noduletoHCC.However,thedetailedmolecularpathogenesisremainsunclear.MicroRNAs(miRNAs),smallnoncodingRNAsthatregulatethetranslationofmanygenes,haveemergedaskeyfactorsinvolvedinseveralbiologicalprocesses,includingdevelopment,differentiation,andcellproliferation.RecentstudieshaveuncoveredthecontributionofmiRNAstothecancerpathogenesis,astheycanbehaveasoncogenesortumorsuppressorgenes.Inaddition,otherstudieshavedemonstratedtheirpotentialvaluesintheclinicalmanagementofHCCpatientsassomemiRNAsmaybeusedasprognosticordiagnosticmarkers.Inthisreview,wesummarizecurrentknowledgeabouttherolesofmiRNAsincarcinogenesisandprogressionofHCC.WealsodiscussthepotentialapplicationofmiRNAsasdiagnosticbiomarkersandtheirpotentialrolesintheinterventionofHCC.
Quality of Life and Psychiatric Comorbidities in Patients of Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy

: Epilepsy is a stigmatizing disorder. The impact of epilepsy on an individual’s life extends beyond direct effects of seizure which lead to reduced quality of life and disability. Assessment of the quality of life is now an important component of clinical care in epilepsy. Psychosocial factors such as low self-esteem, professional difficulties, and social rejection significantly contribute to psychiatric co morbidities as anxiety, depression in people with epilepsy. Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy is an age-related idiopathic epilepsy syndrome representing 5-10 % of all epilepsy cases. It is well controlled with appropriate anti-epileptic drugs but requires lifelong treatment due to high relapse rate attributed to psychiatric co morbidities and psychosocial characteristics. It is to be reviewed if there is any association of psychiatric comorbidity with sociodemographic factors, antiepileptic medication and duration of illness in patients with JME. Also, the quality of life in relation to psychiatric co morbidities needs to be evaluated. a biopsychosocial biological related effects of seizure; metabolic effects of seizure; adverse effects of antiepileptic drugs);
Work in Progress: Environment Aware Optimum Routing Algorithm (EAR) for resource efficient utilization in Delay Tolerant Network (DTN)

ABSTRACT. For the last few years there has been enormous growth in intermittently con-nected networks i.e. ad hoc networks and delay/disruption tolerant networks (DTN). They are usually deployed on temporary basis especially in emergency situation or in disaster environment. This research paper proposes a novel routing scheme called as environment aware optimum routing (EAR) protocol, in order to minimize the computation, operating cost and utilize resources ef-ficiently than existing routing protocols. Keywords: Delay Tolerant Networks, Entity and Group based Mobility Model, Wireless Network 1 Introduction Delay-tolerant networking (DTN) is a type of network that is developed in order to cope with technical issues in heterogeneous networks, under any network connectivity condition [1] as shown in the Figure 1. The concept behind the development of DTN is to facilitate the smoothness of routing of data in predefined time interval, to utilize the network resources efficiently, even in lack of end-to-end connectivity. In the later case, the routing proto-cols uses "store and forward" approach. In this approach, the data is tempo-rary stored in each forwarding hops until it reaches its destination [2][3][4]. A more commonly technique is being used that maximizes the message trans-
Optic Nerve and Spinal Cord Are the Major Lesions in Each Relapse of Japanese Multiple Sclerosis

For the purpose of predicting multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica (NMO) relapses in Japanese population, we evaluated the localization and age of each demyelinating attack. We retrospectively analyzed the 78 medical records of Japanese MS and NMO patients. Then we identified 49 cases of relapsing-remitting-type patients and defined each of 116 demyelinating attacks. NMO had an older age at onset than MS, although the initial symptoms cannot predict the clinical phenotypes. Only 21.3% of demyelinating attacks were localized in the cerebrum and 78.7% were optic-spinal lesions, although MS comprised 70% and NMO comprised 30% of these 78 cases. Brainstem lesion had a relative male predominancy and a young age at attack. Our findings showed that optic nerve and spinal cord lesions are the major and critical lesions in each attack of Japanese CNS demyelinating diseases. There might be distinctive Japanese pathogenic features even in Western type MS.
Detecting Stripped Stars While Searching for Quiescent Black Holes

While the number of stellar-mass black holes detected in X-rays or as gravitational wave sources is steadily increasing, the known population remains orders of magnitude smaller than predicted by stellar evolution theory. A significant fraction of stellar-mass black holes is expected to hide in X-ray-quiet binaries where they are paired with a “normal” star. Although a handful of such quiescent black hole candidates have been proposed, the majority have been challenged by follow-up investigations. A confusion that emerged recently concerns binary systems that appear to contain a normal B-type star with an unseen companion, believed to be a black hole. On closer inspection, some of these seemingly normal B-type stars instead turn out to be stars stripped of most of their mass through an interaction with their binary companion, which in at least two cases is a rapidly rotating star rather than a compact object. These contaminants in the search for quiescent black holes are themselves extremely interesting objects as they represent a rare phase of binary evolution, and should be given special attention when searching for binaries hosting black holes in large spectroscopic studies.
Measurement and characterization of indoor ultra-wideband propagation

The propagation of ultra-wideband (UWB) signals in indoor environments is an important issue with significant impacts on the future direction and scope of the UWB technology and its applications. The objective of this article is to present an assessment of the potentials of UWB indoor communications by characterizing UWB indoor channels. The channel characterization refers to extracting the channel parameters from measured propagation data. An indoor UWB measurement campaign is undertaken. Time-domain indoor propagation measurements using pulses with FWHM equal to 85 ps are carried out. Typical indoor scenarios, including line-of-sight (LOS), non-line-of-sight (NLOS), room-to-room, within-the-room, and hallways are considered. Results of indoor propagation measurements are presented for local power delay profiles (local PDP) and small-scale averaged power delay profiles (SSA-PDP). Site-specific trends and general observations are discussed. The results for path-loss exponent and time dispersion parameters are presented.
Assessment of Asthma Control Level at Outpatients Clinic, Wad Medani Teaching Hospital

Asthma is a heterogeneous disorder associated with chronic airway inflammation, its prevalence is increasing globally and more prevalent in developed countries. This study aimed to determine the level of asthma control at Wad Medani Teaching Hospital Outpatient Clinic. A cross-sectional study was performed in 130 adult asthmatics in Wad Medani Teaching Hospital Outpatient Clinic between March to June 2021. Data were collected using a standardized questionnaire, and Asthma Control Test (ACT) was used to determine the level of the control. Multivariate analysis and Logistic Regression were used to determine the most factors that have a role in asthma control. The mean age of the study participants was 35 years (±14) and females were predominant (68.5 %). Among all asthmatics, the prevalence of uncontrolled asthma was 75.4% according to the ACT Score. The following factors were shown to be significantly associated with asthma control; education level (P = <0.001), current occupation(P = 0.02), social status (P =0.002), duration of disease (P = <0.01), frequency of asthma attacks during the last year that required an emergency department (P = 0.002), and follow-up with a physician (P = <0.001). This study showed a high rate of uncontrolled asthma at Wad Medani Teaching Hospital Outpatient Clinic. Factors associated with uncontrollable asthma can be used as targets for future intervention programs.
An Interplay of Multiple Positive and Negative Factors Governs Methicillin Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus

The development of resistance to β-lactam antibiotics has made Staphylococcus aureus a clinical burden on a global scale. MRSA (methicillin-resistant S. aureus) is commonly known as a superbug. SUMMARY The development of resistance to β-lactam antibiotics has made Staphylococcus aureus a clinical burden on a global scale. MRSA (methicillin-resistant S. aureus) is commonly known as a superbug. The ability of MRSA to proliferate in the presence of β-lactams is attributed to the acquisition of mecA, which encodes the alternative penicillin binding protein, PBP2A, which is insensitive to the antibiotics. Most MRSA isolates exhibit low-level β-lactam resistance, whereby additional genetic adjustments are required to develop high-level resistance. Although several genetic factors that potentiate or are required for high-level resistance have been identified, how these interact at the mechanistic level has remained elusive. Here, we discuss the development of resistance and assess the role of the associated components in tailoring physiology to accommodate incoming mecA.
Design and fabrication of the Differential Actuated Foot (DAFoot)

The human ankle-foot complex is an intricate piece of machinery. It enables a stable stance, ambulation, and an effective transfer of force through the lower limb. Although state-of-the-art humanoid robots feature highly advanced kinematics, the robotic foot has seen little research resulting in humanoids equipped with simple feet. Simple feet limit the capability of bipedal robots to deal with uneven terrain or to performpushoff. This thesis describes the design, fabrication, and evaluation of a robotic foot which aims to maximize the support polygon on uneven ground contours. The design of the foot is based on a study on human foot functions during gait. The designed foot contains two actuated toe joints which are coupled by a differential. The differential is able to distribute the force to the toes symmetrically even if the toes contact the ground at different heights. The foot is equipped with multiple sensors to measure orientation, pressure distribution, and to detect impact. Two experiments are designed to evaluate the foot. The first experiment evaluated the division of the force between the toes on uneven ground. Results showed that this force is divided evenly, with maximum deviations of 24%. The first experiment demonstrated that the toes coupled by the differential have the same properties as a single jointed front segment, but with the capability to adapt to ground contours. This could especially be useful during toe-off on uneven ground. The second experiment evaluated the stability of the foot on uneven ground. Each experiment was conducted twice, once with the toes able to move and once with the toes unable to move. When the toes were unable to move the foot was reduced to a rigid foot. Results showed that on average the peak-to-peak values of the pitch of the foot decreased by 51% compared to fixed toes. The average peak-to-peak values of the roll of the foot decreased by 54%. The result also showed that the left and right toe contacted the ground E 99.9% of the experiment time. With locked toes, on average, the left toe contacted the ground 68% of the experiment time, and the right toe 17% of the experiment time. The results from the second experiment demonstrated that the toes contribute to a larger support polygon and thereby improved stability properties.
Pathological Characteristics of Echovirus 30 Infection in a Mouse Model

Echovirus 30 (E30) infection causes a wide spectrum of diseases with mild symptoms, such as hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), acute flaccid paralysis, and aseptic meningitis and other diseases, especially one of the most common pathogens causing aseptic meningitis outbreaks. We established a novel mouse model of E30 infection by inoculating neonatal mice with clinical isolates of E30 and observed the pathological changes induced by E30. ABSTRACT Echovirus 30 (E30), a member of species B enterovirus, is associated with outbreaks of aseptic meningitis and has become a global health emergency. However, the pathogenesis of E30 remains poorly understood due to the lack of appropriate animal models. In this study, we established a mouse infection model to explore the pathogenicity of E30. The 2-day-old IFNAR−/− mice infected with E30 strain WZ16 showed lethargy and paralysis, and some died. Obvious pathological changes were observed in the skeletal muscle, brain tissue, and other tissues, with the highest viral load in the skeletal muscles. Transcriptome analysis of brain and skeletal muscle tissues from infected mice showed that significant differentially expressed genes were enriched in complement response and neuropathy-related pathways. Using immunofluorescence assay, we found that the viral double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) was detected in the mouse brain region and could infect human glioma (U251) cells. These results indicated that E30 affects the nervous system, and they provide a theoretical basis for understanding its pathogenesis. IMPORTANCE Echovirus 30 (E30) infection causes a wide spectrum of diseases with mild symptoms, such as hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), acute flaccid paralysis, and aseptic meningitis and other diseases, especially one of the most common pathogens causing aseptic meningitis outbreaks. We established a novel mouse model of E30 infection by inoculating neonatal mice with clinical isolates of E30 and observed the pathological changes induced by E30. Using the E30 infection model, we found complement responses and neuropathy-related genes in the mice tissues at the transcriptome level. Moreover, we found that the viral dsRNA localized in the mouse brain and could replicate in human glioma cell line U251 rather than in the neuroblastoma cell line, SK-N-SH.
Host F-Box Protein 22 Enhances the Uptake of Brucella by Macrophages and Drives a Sustained Release of Proinflammatory Cytokines through Degradation of the Anti-Inflammatory Effector Proteins of Brucella

Brucella species are intracellular bacterial pathogens, causing the worldwide zoonotic disease brucellosis. Brucella invades professional and nonprofessional phagocytic cells, followed by resisting intracellular killing and establishing a replication permissive niche. Brucella also modulates the innate and adaptive immune responses of the host for its chronic persistence. The complex intracellular cycle of Brucella depends in a major way on multiple host factors, but limited information is available on host and bacterial proteins that play an essential role in the invasion, intracellular replication, and modulation of host immune responses. ABSTRACT Brucella species are intracellular bacterial pathogens, causing the worldwide zoonotic disease brucellosis. Brucella invades professional and nonprofessional phagocytic cells, followed by resisting intracellular killing and establishing a replication permissive niche. Brucella also modulates the innate and adaptive immune responses of the host for its chronic persistence. The complex intracellular cycle of Brucella depends in a major way on multiple host factors, but limited information is available on host and bacterial proteins that play an essential role in the invasion, intracellular replication, and modulation of host immune responses. By employing a small interfering RNA (siRNA) screening, we identified a role for the host protein FBXO22 in the Brucella-macrophage interaction. FBXO22 is the key element in the SCF E3 ubiquitination complex, where it determines the substrate specificity for ubiquitination and degradation of various host proteins. Downregulation of FBXO22 by siRNA or the CRISPR-Cas9 system resulted in diminished uptake of Brucella into macrophages, which was dependent on NF-κB-mediated regulation of phagocytic receptors. FBXO22 expression was upregulated in Brucella-infected macrophages, which resulted in induction of phagocytic receptors and enhanced production of proinflammatory cytokines through NF-κB. Furthermore, we found that FBXO22 recruits the effector proteins of Brucella, including the anti-inflammatory proteins TcpB and OMP25, for degradation through the SCF complex. We did not observe any role for another F-box-containing protein of the SCF complex, β-TrCP, in the Brucella-macrophage interaction. Our findings unravel novel functions of FBXO22 in host-pathogen interaction and its contribution to pathogenesis of infectious diseases.
Adaptive consensus control for a class of nonlinear multi-agent systems with unknown time delays and external disturbances

This paper investigates a class of unknown nonlinear multi-agent systems with unknown time delays and external disturbances. The external disturbance considered in this paper is completely unknown, and the accurate mathematical expression cannot be obtained. To eliminate the external disturbance, a disturbance observer is constructed by the Disturbance-Observer-Based-Control (DOBC) method. By utilizing Young’s inequality scaling technique, the problem of time delay is solved. By assuming that the communication graph among the agents is directed and connected, a novel distributed adaptive consensus control protocol is established based on the relative output information to achieve the goal of consensus control. Furthermore, the stability of the multi-agent system is analyzed by selecting an appropriate Lyapunov function; it is certified that with the proposed control protocol, all signals are guaranteed to be globally uniformly bounded, and the considered multi-agent systems can reach consensus even in the presence of time delay and external disturbance. Finally, two simulation examples are given to support the proposed control strategy.
Model reduction for discrete-time switched linear time-delayed systems with finite-frequency specifications

The paper focusses on the model reduction of discrete-time switched linear systems with finite-frequency specifications. First, we propose a performance index that can estimate systematic performance over finite frequency. And then, we use GKYP (generalized Kalman–Yakubovich–Popov lemma) and introduce some relaxation matrices with variable parameters to analyse the problem in different situations. Based on the above conditions, sufficient conditions can be obtained for meeting the index of finite frequency. Finally, we illustrate two numerical examples. The results show that the proposed method can improve approximation performance.
Voting procedures from the perspective of theory of neural networks

Abstract It is shown that voting procedure in any authority can be treated as Hopfield neural network analogue. It was revealed that weight coefficients of neural network which has discrete outputs −1 and 1 can be replaced by coefficients of a discrete set (−1, 0, 1). This gives us the opportunity to qualitatively analyze the voting procedure on the basis of limited data about mutual influence of members. It also proves that result of voting procedure is actually taken by network formed by voting members.
Distributed Generation Planning & Grid Partitioning for Voltage Control of Smart Distribution System

Recently the tendency toward renewable energy resources in distribution systems has been significantly increased. So, new approaches in order to model the optimal placement of these resources seem to be required. Moreover, due to the voltage violation problem of these resources, this issue must be considered too. This paper, proposes a new approach for distributed generations (DGs) planning by partitioning the original distribution systems into several separate zones. Then in operation stage a zonal voltage control method is presented which uses only local data and optimizes reactive power of the DGs where have been placed in previous stage. Both planning and operating problem are optimized using the well-known particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. Finally, the proposed methods are evaluated on IEEE 123-bus unbalanced test system. The results demonstrate the ability and efficiency of the proposed methods. /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:. 0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;}