Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Listening efficiency in adult cochlear-implant users compared with normally-hearing controls at ecologically relevant signal-to-noise ratios

Introduction Due to having to work with an impoverished auditory signal, cochlear-implant (CI) users may experience reduced speech intelligibility and/or increased listening effort in real-world listening situations, compared to their normally-hearing (NH) peers. These two challenges to perception may be usefully integrated in a measure of listening efficiency: conceptually, the amount of accuracy achieved for a certain amount of effort expended. Methods We describe a novel approach to quantifying listening efficiency based on the rate of evidence accumulation toward a correct response in a linear ballistic accumulator (LBA) model of choice decision-making. Estimation of this objective measure within a hierarchical Bayesian framework confers further benefits, including full quantification of uncertainty in parameter estimates. We applied this approach to examine the speech-in-noise performance of a group of 24 CI users (M age: 60.3, range: 20–84 years) and a group of 25 approximately age-matched NH controls (M age: 55.8, range: 20–79 years). In a laboratory experiment, participants listened to reverberant target sentences in cafeteria noise at ecologically relevant signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) of +20, +10, and +4 dB SNR. Individual differences in cognition and self-reported listening experiences were also characterised by means of cognitive tests and hearing questionnaires. Results At the group level, the CI group showed much lower listening efficiency than the NH group, even in favourable acoustic conditions. At the individual level, within the CI group (but not the NH group), higher listening efficiency was associated with better cognition (i.e., working-memory and linguistic-closure) and with more positive self-reported listening experiences, both in the laboratory and in daily life. Discussion We argue that listening efficiency, measured using the approach described here, is: (i) conceptually well-motivated, in that it is theoretically impervious to differences in how individuals approach the speed-accuracy trade-off that is inherent to all perceptual decision making; and (ii) of practical utility, in that it is sensitive to differences in task demand, and to differences between groups, even when speech intelligibility remains at or near ceiling level. Further research is needed to explore the sensitivity and practical utility of this metric across diverse listening situations.
Electronic Word of Mouth (EWOM) and Impulse Buying Affect Purchasing Decisions on Game Items

This study aims to explain whether there is an influence from Electronic Word of Mouth (EWOM) and impulse buying on purchasing decisions, and knowing whether income will affect impulse buying or not. This study uses an analytical descriptive basic method, in other words, the data collected in accordance with the actual state. This research was conducted through an application called Discord. The sample in this study used probability sampling techniques with sample sampling techniques. The sample that had been obtained in this study was 326 respondents. The data collection technique chosen is through the interview method using a questionnaire. Questionnaire testing through its validity and reliability test. Analysis of the data used in this study is the Structural Equation Model (SEM) method with an alternative method of Partial Least Square (PLS). The results showed that: (1) Ewom has a positive effect on purchasing decisions. (2) Impulse buying has no positive effect on purchasing decisions. (3) Purchasing ability has a positive effect on impulse purchasing decision. (4) purchasing ability has a positive effect on impulse buying. (5) Ewom has a positive effect on impulse buying.
Alterations in serum Thyroid and Reproductive hormone levels in occupationally exposed pesticides sprayers

Background: Pesticides contain endocrine disrupting chemicals that have potential to perturb the normal thyroid and reproductive hormone axis. The aim of present study was to estimate the variations in serum tri-iodothyronine (T3) tetra-iodothyronine (T4) thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and testosterone levels in occupationally exposed pesticide sprayers in comparison to controls. Methods: For this purpose, blood samples of (n=50) pesticide sprayers were collected from District Layyah, south Punjab, Pakistan. Whereas, samples (n=25) of healthy control subjects were obtained from University of the Punjab, Lahore. Levels of T3, T4, TSH and testosterone in the serum were estimated by ELISA technique. The data obtained was analyzed by applying Un-paired Student “t” test at with significance level of P < 0.05. Graph pad prism version 6.0 software was utilized for statistical interpretation. Results: Pronounced (P < 0.0001) decrease of both T3 and T4, whereas, a significant increase in TSH (P = 0.005) level was evidenced in pesticide sprayers as compared to controls. Moreover, a significant decrease (P < 0.001) was noted in the level of testosterone in pesticide sprayers as compared to controls. Conclusion: Pertinently, the pesticides are a potent source of inducing imbalances in T3, T4, TSH, and testosterone secretion. Pesticide sprayers are, therefore, recommended to use prophylactic measures like wearing face masks and opt safer protocols in order to avoid direct hazardous exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals.
Does Information Blocking on Internet Matter Corporate Over-Investment: Evidence from a Quasi-Natural Experiment in China

ABSTRACT Focusing on Google’s withdrawal from mainland China as a unique setting, this study investigates the impact of information blocking on corporate over-investment. Using a sample of Chinese firms during the period of 2007 to 2014 and employing a difference-in-difference (DID) approach, our findings reveal that corporate over-investment is significantly higher for the treatment firms (firms with high international sales) in the post-period of Google’s withdrawal than that in the pre-period of Google’s withdrawal, suggesting that overseas information blocking boosts corporate over-investment for firms with more global business. Moreover, the positive relation between Google’s exit and firm-level over-investment is less pronounced for cross-listed firms than for non-cross-listed firms, implying that cross listing plays a crucial role in breaking overseas information blockade on internet search for domestic investors. Above findings are still valid after using alternative measures to capture over-investment and the treatment group. Mechanism analysis and heterogeneity tests show that Google’s exit may exacerbate agency conflicts and thus leads to an increase in corporate over-investment. Our study provides an important reference for the understanding of the roles of internet search in information transmission and corporate governance.
Penentuan Harga Opsi Call Window Reset Menggunakan Metode Binomial Tree Dan Trinomial Tree

Opsi window reset merupakan salah satu jenis opsi yang bersifat path- dependent sehingga nilai opsi tersebut tidak mempunyai rumus eksak. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan metode numerik untuk menentukan nilainya. Penelitian ini membahas tentang penentuan harga opsi call window reset dengan menggunakan salah satu metode numerik. Jenis metode numerik tersebut, yakni metode tree yang terdiri dari binomial tree dan trinomial tree. Jika harga saham semakin kecil dan menyentuh reset strike, harga strike akan di-reset ke harga yang baru sehingga nilai opsi pun menjadi semakin meningkat. Sebaliknya jika harga saham tidak menyentuh reset strike maka harga strike tidak akan berubah sampai masa jatuh tempo opsi. Setelah dilakukan simulasi numerik, harga opsi call window reset cenderung sama pada kedua metode tree tersebut dan harga opsi call window reset cenderung lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan harga opsi call Eropa standar.
Crystal electric field in 
CeRh2Si2
 studied with high-resolution resonant inelastic soft x-ray scattering

The magnetic properties of rare earth compounds are usually well captured by assuming a fully localized f shell and only considering the Hund's rule ground state multiplet split by a crystal electrical field (CEF). Currently, the standard technique for probing CEF excitations in lanthanides is inelastic neutron scattering. Here we show that with the recent leap in energy resolution, resonant inelastic soft X-ray scattering has become a serious alternative for looking at CEF excitations with some distinct advantages compared to INS. As an example we study the CEF scheme in CeRh2Si2, a system that has been intensely studied for more than two decades now but for which no consensus has been reached yet as to its CEF scheme. We used two new features that have only become available very recently in RIXS, high energy resolution of about 30 meV as well as polarization analysis in the scattered beam, to find a unique CEF description for CeRh2Si2. The result agrees well with previous INS and magnetic susceptibility measurements. Due to its strong resonant character, RIXS is applicable to very small samples, presents very high cross sections for all lanthanides, and further benefits from the very weak coupling to phonon excitation. The rapid progress in energy resolution of RIXS spectrometers is making this technique increasingly attractive for the investigation of the CEF scheme in lanthanides.
The Significance of Florigen Activation Complex in Controlling Flowering in Rice

Abstract Yield potential, plant height and flowering time are three classes of traits that determine the productivity of rice. Rice heading greatly depends on the accurate measurement of environment changes, particularly in day length and temperature. We discuss all genes reported to be related to the heading time in this review. The accumulation of florigen, such as Hd3a or RFT1, is the key factor for rice heading. Florigen is found in the rice leaf and then transports into the shoot apical meristem (SAM), where floral initiation occurs. We discuss the formation of florigen activation complex (FAC) with 14-3-3 and FD1 proteins to induce the expression of flowering genes. In addition, two key pathways related to heading date, GI-Hd1-Hd3a and Ghd7-Ehd1-Hd3a/RFT1 are introduced in this review. We summarize proteins with histone modification functions, due to the modification of histone is also significant for heading date. The flowering time also extremely dependent on the environments, including nutrient availability, abiotic and biotic stresses, we argue the phenotypes of rice heading date under different extreme environments, as well. Lastly, we gather genes that are reported having a change in heading time, but their detail molecular regulation is still elusive. Thus, this review introduces heading time systematically, providing knowledge and ideas for researchers to study further the phenotype of heading time.
¿Es la anatomía el nuevo paradigma en síndromes coronarios crónicos?

Cómo citar este artículo: Caroli C. ¿Es la anatomía el nuevo paradigma en síndromes coronarios crónicos? Rev Argent Cardiol 2023;91:231-234 http://dx.doi. org/10.7775/rac.es. v91.i3. 20628
W HEN TO M AKE AND B REAK C OMMITMENTS ?

In many scenarios, decision-makers must commit to long-term actions until their resolution before receiving the payoff of said actions, and usually, staying committed to such actions incurs continual costs. For instance, in healthcare, a newlydiscovered treatment cannot be marketed to patients until a clinical trial is conducted, which both requires time and is also costly. Of course in such scenarios, not all commitments eventually pay off. For instance, a clinical trial might end up failing to show efficacy. Given the time pressure created by the continual cost of keeping a commitment, we aim to answer: When should a decision-maker break a commitment that is likely to fail—either to make an alternative commitment or to make no further commitments at all? First, we formulate this question as a new type of optimal stopping/switching problem called the optimal commitment problem (OCP). Then, we theoretically analyze OCP, and based on the insight we gain, propose a practical algorithm for solving it. Finally, we empirically evaluate the performance of our algorithm in running clinical trials with subpopulation selection.
Description of community perceptions of nurse professionalism

Background:Attention to the professionalism of nursing personnel is increasing in society because it has a close influence on the quality of health services. So it is important to apply the values of professionalism to nurses as a foundation to ensure the quality of nursing care. Purpose: This study was to determine the description of community perceptions of nurse professionalism. Methods: This study used a descriptive quantitative approach with a cross-sectional approach. The research sample was taken using purposive sampling technique involving 106 respondents. Data collection was carried out through the use of a nurse professionalism questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability to 30 residents in Serang City with a Cronbach's Alpha value of 0.884. Results: Showed that most respondents rated the professionalism of nurses in the low category (56.6%). In the sub-variables, most respondents rated humanity, justice, and humility in the high category. The percentage of respondents who rated the low and high categories on the altruism sub-variable was the same (50%). Meanwhile, on the sub-variables of integrity, advocacy, compassion, inclusiveness, autonomy, courage, and caring, respondents rated the category low. Judging from the hospital, the public gave a high assessment of nurse professionalism in Regional Public Hospitals (43.7%), Official Hospitals (43.3%), and Private Hospitals (43.2%). Conclutions: Efforts are needed to increase the value of nurses' professionalism by providing additional support through training, internal career development opportunities by moving to other units, and higher further education.
Control of electron dynamics in mesoscopic quantum circuits

Future electronics faces a transition from conventional technology with progress predicted by Moore’s law to a quantum technology where quantum tunneling or coherent ballistic transport plays a significant role. This thesis concentrates on several applications of quantum technology. We start with demonstrating an alternative method for engineering the potential landscape in two-dimensional electron systems embedded in GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructures in the first chapter. We present a characterization of this design using field effect, Hall effect, and Aharonov- Bohm measurements to study electrostatic, dynamic and coherence properties and also show the general feasibility of our approach for future quantum applications. In the second chapter, we examine optimization of the electron transport between two distant quantum point contacts. We present a technique to measure the angular distribution of electrons emitted from a quantum point contact by deflecting it with an external magnetic field. In the second chapter, we also demonstrate coupling enhancement between two distant quantum point contacts by electrostatic focusing of ballistic electrons. Our observations favor electron dynamics according to a Gaussian beam optics model assuming Hermite functions rather than the frequently used plane electron wave model. In the third chapter, we discuss the coherent coupling of a quantum point contact with an open hemispherical resonator. We present a method to determine the electron phase coherence length based on Gaussian-Hermite modes of both quantum point contact and a cavity. Finally, the last chapter introduces a Lissajous rocking ratchet realized in the quantum dot embedded in the semiconductor heterostructure. It creates directed motion of electrons and breaks time-reversal symmetry on-chip. At the end of the thesis, we discuss results of performed experiments in the context of quantum technology.
Childhood fantasy play relates to adult socio‐emotional competence

Childhood fantasy play and creation of imaginary compan-ions are thought to confer socio-emotional benefits in children, but little is known about how they relate to socio-emotional competence in adulthood. A total of 341 adults (81 males) aged 18 and above ( M = 31.47, SD = 12.62) completed an online survey examining their fantasy play as a child, their childhood imaginary companion status, and their adult socio-emotional competence. Adults who reported higher levels of childhood fantasy play were found to be significantly more prosocial, empathetic, and emotionally intelligent than their counterparts after controlling for demographic factors. Recall of a childhood imaginary companion, however, was significantly related only to higher scores for perspective-taking and did not explain unique variance in any adult competence measure. Findings suggest that engagement in fantasy play during childhood may be a precursor to later socio-emotional competence, while benefits previously associated with imaginary companions specifically may not extend into adulthood.
Existence of semi-canonical topologically compatible probabilities on compact metric spaces

This article describes a method for constructing a relevant probability measure in any nonempty compact metric space. This measure has invariance properties with respect to maps defined in a natural way in such spaces. Its definition uses a generalized notion of limit in zero in the ring of bounded maps. In a second part, we give some properties of this measure. Then we exhibit some nontrivial examples of compact metric spaces and we use our theorem to obtain unusual probability spaces. We also describe some maps leaving these probability measures invariant.
Peculiar properties of the financial state of companies with falling income

The recent rise in inflation in Europe, caused by the pandemic, the increase in prices for energy resources and the violation of the logistics of energy supplies, has led to a decrease in company income. This makes it relevant to study the financial condition of companies with falling revenues. The purpose of this study is the development of tools for quantifying the impact of falling company incomes is becoming essential for making adequate management decisions. Until recently, such tools in capital structure theory did not exist. Two main theories of the capital cost and capital structure — Brusov — Filatova — Orekhova (BFO) theory and Modigliani — Miller (MM) theory — described companies with constant revenue: the first — for arbitrary age company, the second — for perpetuity companies. Within last couple years both these theories have been generalized for the case of variable revenue. In this paper the peculiar properties of the financial state of companies with falling income are studied within the modern capital cost and capital structure theory — Brusov–Filatova– Orekhova (BFO) theory, generalized for the case of variable revenue. As part of the goal, the tasks are solved to study the behavior of the main financial indicators (the cost of raising capital, the discount rate, the company’s capitalization, the cost of equity, and others), their dependence on debt financing, the age of the company in the face of declining income, which will make it possible to make adequate management decisions and reduce risks for companies.
Angle dependent antireflection property of TiO2 inspired by cicada wings

Inspired by cicada wings, biomorphic TiO2 with antireflective structures (ARSs) was precisely fabricated using a simple, inexpensive, and highly effective sol-gel process combined with subsequent calcination. It was confirmed that the fabricated biomorphic TiO2 not only effectively inherited the ARS but also exhibited high-performance angle dependent antireflective properties ranging from normal to 45°. Reflectance spectra demonstrated that the reflectivity of the biomorphic TiO2 with ARSs gradually changed from 1.4% to 7.8% with the increasing incidence angle over a large visible wavelength range. This angle dependent antireflective property is attributed to an optimized gradient refractive index between air and TiO2 via ARSs on the surface. Such surfaces with ARSs may have potential application in solar cells.
Editorial: Irritable bowel syndrome: what is known and what is missing in daily practice

COPYRIGHT © 2023 Jadallah, De Giorgio and Sanders. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. Editorial: Irritable bowel syndrome: what is known and what is missing in daily practice
Assessment of First- and Second-Order Wave-Excitation Load Models for Cylindrical Substructures

The hydrodynamic loads on an offshore wind turbine’s support structure present unique engineering challenges for offshore wind. Two typical approaches used for modeling these hydrodynamic loads are potential flow (PF) and strip theory (ST), the latter via Morison’s equation. This study examines the firstand second-order wave-excitation surge forces on a fixed cylinder in regular waves computed by the PF and ST approaches to (1) verify their numerical implementations in HydroDyn and (2) understand when the ST approach breaks down. The numerical implementation of PF and ST in HydroDyn, a hydrodynamic timedomain solver implemented as a module in the FAST wind turbine engineering tool, was verified by showing the consistency in the firstand second-order force output between the two methods across a range of wave frequencies. ST is known to be invalid at high frequencies, and this study investigates where the ST solution diverges from the PF solution. Regular waves across a range of frequencies were run in HydroDyn for a monopile substructure. As expected, the solutions for the first-order (linear) wave-excitation loads resulting from these regular waves are similar for PF and ST when the diameter of the cylinder is small compared to the length of the waves (generally when the diameter-to-wavelength ratio is less than 0.2). The same finding applies to the solutions for second-order wave-excitation loads, but for much smaller diameter-to-wavelength ratios (based on wavelengths of first-order waves).
Konseling Online Untuk Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Psikologis

Kesejahteraan psikologis berdampak pada kesehatan mental pada mahasiswa, layanan konseling yang memanfaatkan teknologi komunikasi dan informasi seperti konseling online dapat digunakan untuk mendukung kesehatan mental dan kesejahteraan mahasiswa . Tujuan penelitian adalah mendeskripsikan sikap mahasiswa terhadap konseling online untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan psikologis. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dan desain survey, peneliti menggunakan sampel sebanyak 254 mahasiswa yang mewakili populasi yaitu mahasiswa Unnes untuk mengisi instrumen penelitian yaitu E-therapy Attitude Scale dan Ryff’s well Being Scale. Hasil penelitian diperoleh menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif sehingga diketahui kesejahteraan psikologis mahasiswa berada dalam kategori sedang (M = 118,45 ; SD = 13,29) dan sikap mahasiswa terhadap konseling online pada kategori sedang (M = 44,46 ; SD = 5,41). Berdasarkan hasil tersebut diketahui bahwa kedua aspek tersebut tidak berada pada kategori tinggi, sehingga diperlukan adanya layanan konseling online untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan psikologis mahasiswa UNNES