Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Value Changes and Spatial Differences in Land Use Based on an Empirical Survey in the Manas River Basin

Land integration is an important means of increasing the multifunctional value of arable land. The scientific measurement of the integrative value of arable land before and after land consolidation can improve farmers’ overall understanding of the value of arable land, increase their awareness of arable land protection, and encourage them to implement arable land protection policies. Additionally, it can provide a theoretical basis for the formulation of reasonable compensation standards for arable land in various areas of the Manas River Basin and effectively promote the use of the “Shawan model”. In this paper, the sample used for the survey was made up of 380 farmers from 10 villages in three different regions of Shawan City (county-level city). The participatory farmer assessment (PRA) method was used to conduct a detailed investigation of the integration of farmers’ cultivated land, while the landscape pattern index method was used to analyze the intensity of the cultivated land integration pattern. By constructing a measurement system for the integrative value of cultivated land and adding up the economic, pro-ecological, and social values before and after the integration of the cultivated land, estimated using the income reduction method, the equivalent factor method, and the shadow engineering method, we found that the cultivated land in each region of Shawan City (county-level city) was more effectively integrated, the scale of the field expanded, the shape of the patches tended to be more regular, and the field surface more flat. However, the degree of integration varied from region to region, with the degree of integration from the largest to the smallest as follows: oasis agricultural zone > oasis/desert ecological zone > hilly zone. We found that the integration of cultivated land has a significant effect on the integrated value of cultivated land, and the value of cultivated land in different regions showed different degrees of improvement after integration. The cultivated land of villages located in the oasis/desert ecotone showed a significant overall improvement after integration, followed by cultivated land in the oasis agricultural area. The value of cultivated land increased significantly, while the value of cultivated land in the hilly area showed less improvement after integration. The value of cultivated land integration in different regions is related to the intensity of the cultivated land integration, the per capita cultivated land area, the ecosystem biomass, and the crop planting area. The purpose of this paper is to effectively diagnose and promote the “Shawan Model” (land integration), formulate reasonable compensation standards for cultivated land in different regions of the Manas River Basin, and implement cultivated land protection policies.
Pre- and Post-Fault Operations of Six-Phase Electric-Drive-Reconstructed Onboard Charger for Electric Vehicles

The concept of electric-drive-reconstructed onboard charger (EDROC) potentially opens the door to harness the existing drivetrain in electric vehicle (EV) to do the job of battery charger, thus performing a remarkable value in commerce. In this article, the pre- and post-fault operations of an EDROC are studied, which incorporates an asymmetrical six-phase permanent magnet synchronous machine (ASPMSM) drive. At first, the decomposed currents of the machine in healthy and faulty cases are solved and their trajectories are depicted, indicating that a rotating field will exist if an open-phase fault (OPF) occurs. Afterward, a rotating field cancellation scheme based on the minimum copper loss criterion is proposed by rearranging stator currents, with two constraints under consideration that are responsible for generating pulsating field and balanced grid currents, respectively. Following this, a control scheme shared for both pre- and post-fault conditions is proposed, where the carrier-based modulation without any zero-sequence signal injection is employed. Finally, the proposed rotating field cancellation scheme is verified by experimental results.
SOP Ambulante Alkoholaversionstherapie mit Disulfiram

Disulfiram hemmt den Metabolismus von Ethanol, sodass bereits geringe Trinkmengen ab 3g Ethanol (z. B. 75ml Bier) innerhalb weniger Minuten zu einer Akkumulation von Acetaldehyd führen [1]. Dies zeigt sich klinisch in einer Aversionsreaktion mit Hautrötung, Übelkeit, Erbrechen, Kopfschmerzen, Schwindel, Atemnot, Herzrasen und Blutdruckabfall oder -anstieg. Abhängig von Dosierung, Trinkmenge und Vorerkrankungen kann es zu Komplikationen mit Kreislaufkollaps und Intensivpflichtigkeit kommen [2]. Weltweit wurden auch mehrere Todesfälle meist kardialer Ursache beschrieben.
Axiale Spondyloarthritis – ein Fallbeispiel aus ärztlicher Sicht

Eine 38-jährige Patientin stellt sich in der Rheumatologie mit BWS-Schmerzen vor. Die Autorinnen verdeutlichen den komplexen diagnostischen Prozess bei der Patientin, der letztlich zur Diagnose der axialen Spondyloarthritis führt, und stellen therapeutische Optionen vor.
Factorization Algebras in Quantum Field Theory

Factorization algebras are local-to-global objects that play a role in classical and quantum field theory that is similar to the role of sheaves in geometry: they conveniently organize complicated information. Their local structure encompasses examples like associative and vertex algebras; in these examples, their global structure encompasses Hochschild homology and conformal blocks. In this second volume, the authors show how factorization algebras arise from interacting field theories, both classical and quantum, and how they encode essential information such as operator product expansions, Noether currents, and anomalies. Along with a systematic reworking of the Batalin–Vilkovisky formalism via derived geometry and factorization algebras, this book offers concrete examples from physics, ranging from angular momentum and Virasoro symmetries to a five-dimensional gauge theory.
Customer Adaptive Resource Provisioning for Long-Term Cloud Profit Maximization under Constrained Budget

As an efficient commercial information technology, cloud computing has attracted more and more users and enterprises to use it. Faced with such a large number and variety of customers, it is necessary for cloud providers (CPs) with limited budget to provide satisfactory customized pricing services, profitable customer and system investments, and flexible system resource provisioning strategies to improve both customer experience and long-term profit. Existing profit optimization research rarely considers customer diversity and dynamics, which may have a negative impact on long-term profit growth due to poor management of customer relations. In this article, we implement customer relationship management by considering both customer diversity and dynamics, and propose a customer adaptive resource provisioning scheme to maximize long-term profit under constrained budget. We consider four customer types (i.e., loyal, old, new, and lost) that can transition to each other during the customer's lifetime of interaction with the CP. The CP builds multiple cloud service sub-platforms, each of which contains multiple multiserver systems and serves the same type of customers. For the cloud service platform, we first analyze single multiserver system using an analytical method to obtain its optimal profit, invested funding, and system configuration. In particular, for systems serving new and lost customers, we develop a novel customer lifetime value (CLV)-based customer investment scheme that selects valuable customers for investment under limited marketing budget. Based on the above analysis, we then present a customer retention rate (CRR)-driven three-stage heuristic scheme that prioritizes investment in multiserver systems with endangered customers under limited infrastructure budget for reducing customer churn and promoting long-term profit growth. We conduct extensive simulation experiments to validate the effectiveness of our method. Simulation results show that compared with the benchmark algorithms, our method can improve the long-term profit and CRR by up to 3.4x and 7.8x, respectively.
Asymptotic behavior of a dynamical system on a metric space

An algorithm for minimizing an objective function on a set can often be viewed as a sequence of self-mappings of the set for which the objective function is a Lyapunov function. In this paper the set is a metric space, which is not necessarily bounded. We study the asymptotic behavior of trajectories of the dynamical system which is induced by the algorithm and generalize results which are known in the case where the metric space is bounded.
Corporate Renewal across Businesses and Countries

This study brings together research in corporate strategy and international business to develop an integrated theoretical framework of corporate renewal in diversified firms. We distinguish between two approaches to corporate renewal: resource exploitation in response to changes in output markets, and resource augmentation in response to changes in input markets. Although both types of renewal take advantage of a diversified firms’ access to a wider range of markets, they represent fundamentally different mechanisms, making it important to distinguish between them. Overall, our study offers a conceptual bridge between parallel work in the corporate strategy and international business research streams, while highlighting important opportunities for future research for both literatures.
Study on forearm swing recognition algorithms to drive the underwater power‐assisted device of frogman

The frogmen have a great demand for the underwater power‐assisted device (UPaD) because of their poor working conditions and complex missions. Although the wearable power‐assisted device on land has been diversified, the development of UPaDs is relatively slow. Meanwhile, the most of current small frogman transport equipment is needed to be manipulated by the frogmen with their hands with the aim of changing their moving speed or posture, which increases the difficulty of frogmen executing their tasks. The major contribution of this paper is to develop a method that frees the hands and realizes power assisting at the same time for frogmen, which can be applied to drive the UPaDs of frogmen. Two posture recognition algorithms based on the Human–Computer Interface have been promoted. The algorithms can recognize the forearm swings of the wearer of UPaD, calculate the frequency of the wearer's forearm swing, and adjust the moving speed of the wearer's UPaD according to the wearer's forearm swing frequency. Moreover, we evaluate the performance of two algorithms recognizing forearm swings underwater from four different subjects. Meanwhile, one of the two algorithms is improved and evaluated by experiments from the previous four subjects. The results of accuracy of two algorithms recognizing the wearer's forearm swing are more than 90%. The performance of the speed regulating system of UPaD based on the designed two algorithms is also acceptable.
Ebeveynlik Görevleri Kontrol Listesi’nin Türkçeye Uyarlama Çalışması

Bu araştırmanın amacını, Sanders ve Woolley (2005) tarafından geliştirilen Ebeveynlik Görevleri Kontrol Listesi’nin Türk kültürüne uyarlanması oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubuna, 24-48 aylık çocuğa olan 214 anne oluşturmuştur. Uyarlama çalışmasına ölçeğin kaynak dilden hedef dile çevrilmesiyle başlamış olup, uzman görüşü alma, dilsel eşdeğerlik ve ön pilot çalışmalarıyla esas uygulama öncesi ölçeğin Türkçe formuna son hali verilmiştir. Ölçeğin yapı geçerliğini belirlemek amacıyla yapılan doğrulayıcı faktör analizi sonuçları Türkçeye uyarlanmış ölçeğin iki alt boyuttan oluştuğunu göstermiştir. Çalışmada, faktör yük değerlerinin yanı sıra model-veri uyumuna işaret eden bir takım uyum indekslerinden de faydalanılmıştır. Ölçeğin iki alt boyutunun her biri için Cronbach Alpha katsayısı hesaplanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, Ebeveynlik Görevleri Kontrol Listesi’nin iki alt boyut ve 28 madde olarak Türk kültürüne uyarlandığı belirlenmiştir. Ölçeğin 24-48 ay arasındaki çocukların annelerin öz yeterliklerini ölçmede geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
The importance of 3D imaging for the orthodontic diagnosis and treatment

Within a century, dental radiology “suffered” transformation, beginning with periapical radiographs, cephalograms and panoramic radiography and continuing with digital imaging and cone beam computed tomography. In contemporary dental practice is importantant to choose the type of radiographic investigation in order to achieve a complete and accurate diagnosis, so necessary for determining the treatment plan for patients with dental-maxillary abnormalities. We conducted a comparative study between conventional radiographic investigation (periapical radiographs, panoramic radiography) and cone beam computed tomography in patients with malocclusions. The costs and radiation doses are low to the classic X-rays, but the diagnosis is given by the two-dimensional image of a three-dimensional dental-maxillary pathologies. Cone Beam CT scans were relatively high in cost and in radiation doses, but provided three-dimensional images and anatomic and radiological data of superior quality to the classics.
3D Organoid modelling of hepatoblast-like and mesenchymal-like hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines

Aim: We wished to establish 3D organoid-like hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) models from HCC cell lines. Methods: Hep3B, Huh7, HepG2, SNU398, SNU449, and SNU475 cell lines were inoculated into Matrigel and grown up to 9 days in hepatocyte specific or standard RPMI media. Spheroid formation was followed by light microscopy. Matrigel scaffolds were immobilized and embedded in paraffin, and sections were subjected to H&E and immunohistochemical staining for different hepatobiliary biomarkers. Stained material was examined under light microscopy and micro photo were taken. Results: Organoid-like structures were obtained successfully from all selected cell lines except mesenchymal-like SNU475 cells. Hep3B, Huh7, and HepG2 cell lines from hepatoblast-like sub-group formed compact 3D colonies and showed hepatocyte-like morphology and staining with different hepatocyte lineage markers as well as hepatobiliary progenitor markers. SNU398 and SNU449 cell lines from mesenchymal-like group formed irregular and loose 3D colonies that expressed vimentin homogeneously, but also several epithelial and hepatocyte lineage markers. The pattern of biomarker expression was unique for each cell line tested. Such features, not observed in tested monolayer cultures were confirmed with single-cell derived Hep3B cells. Page 2 of Oz et al. Hepatoma Res 2021;7:60 https://dx.doi. org/10.20517/2394-5079.2021. 43 15 Conclusion: We described experimental conditions to obtain organoid-like structures from five different HCC cell lines representing hepatoblast-like and mesenchymal-like subgroups. These models are useful as an alternative to monolayer cultures to study phenotypic features of HCC cells. Our detailed analysis of biomarker expression in five different organoid-like structures provide convincing evidence for highly specific phenotypic features of these cell lines although they share some common or subtype-restricted features also.
Application of a density-based spatial clustering algorithm for fully automatic picking of surface-wave dispersion curves

Surface waves can be used to enhance the characterization of the shallow subsurface in desert environments. A high-resolution shear-wave velocity model is typically obtained by inverting dispersion curves, which correspond to different propagation modes of the surface waves. A common approach to estimate the dispersion curves is to manually pick the magnitude maxima from the frequency-phase velocity spectra of the seismic data. This approach is inefficient, time consuming, highly subjective, and not feasible for large surveys. Automatic picking of dispersion curves has become a topic of interest recently in the oil and gas research community, where many of the developed algorithms were inherited from the fields of image processing and machine learning. By exploring in the area of unsupervised learning, we recently derived an algorithm and workflow for fully automatic picking of surface-wave dispersion curves by employing a density-based spatial clustering technique. Our approach has been tested on the SEG Advanced Modeling Corporation Arid model synthetic data set and a field data set acquired in a desert environment. The results of the synthetic tests show that the estimated dispersion curves match the true dispersion curves with high accuracy, and they can be inverted for shear-wave velocities, successfully recovering the shallow near-surface features. The application of the method to field data provides high-resolution geology-consistent shear-wave velocity information that can be converted into a compressional-wave velocity model in agreement with uphole observations.
THREE-DIODE MODEL AND SIMULATION OF PHOTOVOLTAIC (PV) CELLS

Existing empirical solar cell models use one or two diodes. As the number of diodes in a model increases, the mathematical complexity in deriving model equations also increases. In this paper, a photovoltaic cell is modeled using three diodes. Non-linear mathematical equations governing the I-V and P-V characteristics are summarized and simulated using Matlab looping iterative method. All simulations were performed in Matlab. Comparison is made between all models (one, two and three-diode) for design verification. Results obtained show that as the number of diodes increases in a PV cell model, the open circuit voltage and maximum power decreases for a given set of PV cell parameters. The short circuit current remained at a fixed value irrespective of the number of diodes.
Chapter 1. Introduction

The introductory chapter provides an overview of the volume ‘ European e-Democracy in Practice ’ . The focus of the volume is on the exploration of the conditions needed to realise the democratic potential of the broad scope of tools, instruments and procedures to strengthen the ties between established processes of representative democratic decision-making and its constituencies, with a particular view to political communication and decision-making at the European level. Part I of the book provides the outcome of a broad literature review covering the scholarly debate on the achievements and potentials of e-democracy and its relevance for policymaking on the EU level. Part II of the book presents 22 case studies on the use of e-participation tools at the local, national and European levels which were carried out to learn about best practices and major challenges and problems of e-participation in practice. Finally, Part III provides a systematic comparative analysis of the case studies, and based on this analysis and the ﬁ ndings of the literature review, options for improving e-participation at the EU-level are discussed.
Combining efficiency and scaling effects in activity analysis: towards an improved best practice criterion

Efficiency is the main issue in any data envelopment analysis. Realizing output by a minimum of input or reaching a maximum of output by a given input is the credo, scale effects often are only a sort of accessory. In modern economics scale effects play a prominent role, however. What is the right size of a decision making unit (DMU) and how to proceed there. Returns to scale inform a DMU about its hitherto disregard of scale effects and show the way towards its ideal activity size. Combining efficiency aspects and scaling effects leads to a new DEA–best practice criterion of DMUs and gives them a profound orientation of their current position. This combination turns out to be the relation of weighted outputs to weighted inputs—in optimal prices under variable returns to scale (VRS). It is the VRS–productivity. For DMUs with increasing returns to scale the recommended growth path is in accordance with economic rationales, for decreasing returns to scale the recommended shrinking path uncovers severe flaws in VRS–models and needs adjustment. All theoretical considerations are illustrated by little numerical examples. A real world application of 37 Brazilian banks demonstrates the benefits of the new concept.
Should Trade’s ‘Losers’ be Compensated?: An Exploration of the Welfare Economics of the Losses and Costs of Economic Change

A commonplace claim about international trade is that it “has losers” – a claim often taken to imply that the case for a policy of free trade rests upon the assumption that trade’s “winners” will compensate its “losers. ” In this paper I argue that this claim is mistaken. The mistake, specifically, is to misidentify the payment of costs of participating in the modern competitive economy as the incurrence of losses of property interests or entitlements. At stake is more than semantics. Confusing “costs” with “losses” misleading suggests that compensation for these costs is necessary to make international trade economically efficient and ethically acceptable.
Accounting for spatial trends in multi-environment diallel analysis in maize breeding

Spatial trends represent an obstacle to genetic evaluation in maize breeding. Spatial analyses can correct spatial trends, which allow for an increase in selective accuracy. The objective of this study was to compare the spatial (SPA) and non-spatial (NSPA) models in diallel multi-environment trial analyses in maize breeding. The trials consisted of 78 inter-populational maize hybrids, tested in four environments (E1, E2, E3, and E4), with three replications, under a randomized complete block design. The SPA models accounted for autocorrelation among rows and columns by the inclusion of first-order autoregressive matrices (AR1 ⊗ AR1). Then, the rows and columns factors were included in the fixed and random parts of the model. Based on the Bayesian information criteria, the SPA models were used to analyze trials E3 and E4, while the NSPA model was used for analyzing trials E1 and E2. In the joint analysis, the compound symmetry structure for the genotypic effects presented the best fit. The likelihood ratio test showed that some effects changed regarding significance when the SPA and NSPA models were used. In addition, the heritability, selective accuracy, and selection gain were higher when the SPA models were used. This indicates the power of the SPA model in dealing with spatial trends. The SPA model exhibits higher reliability values and is recommended to be incorporated in the standard procedure of genetic evaluation in maize breeding. The analyses bring the parents 2, 10 and 12, as potential parents in this microregion.