Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Complex Interactions in Student Teaching

Student teaching is a cornerstone of teacher preparation, yet it remains one of the most difficult experiences to understand. Calls for an ecological approach to research on student teaching prompted this study in which the experience is examined from the perspective of the three key triad members. Using activity theory, this study explores how their interactions in specific contexts shaped opportunities for student teachers to learn to teach language arts. The findings reveal that all members of the triad were simultaneously operating in multiple settings and facing competing demands that shaped their actions and stances. Consequently, there were numerous instances of lost opportunities for student teachers to learn to teach, including sparse feedback on teaching subject matter and few links to methods courses, plus limited opportunities to develop identities as teachers. The structures that frame student teaching and its participants have deep roots in the cultures of universities and schools that must be considered if student teaching is to maximize its potential.
Diagnostic accuracy of combined tests of anti cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody and rheumatoid factor for rheumatoid arthritis: a meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the diagnostic properties of combined tests of anti cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (anti-CCP) and rheumatoid factor (RF) in the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS We performed an extensive research between January 2000 and January 2013 of the published literature. A random-effects model was used to summarise data from 24 studies that conformed to our inclusion criteria. Heterogeneity among studies was evaluated by threshold effect analysis and meta-regression. RESULTS The summary estimates for anti-CCP antibody and RF positivity (both serum markers had to be positive) in the diagnosis of RA were: sensitivity 57% (95% confidence interval (CI), 55% to 59%), specificity 96% (CI, 96% to 97%), positive likelihood ratio (LR) 13.84 (CI, 10.56 to 18.12), negative LR 0.46 (CI, 0.40 to 0.52), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) 33.02 (CI, 23.89 to 45.64). The pooled data for anti-CCP antibody or RF positivity (one serum marker had to be positive) were: sensitivity 78% (CI, 76% to 80%), specificity 82% (CI, 81% to 84%), positive LR 4.24 (CI, 3.61 to 4.97), negative LR 0.27 (CI, 0.22 to 0.34), DOR 16.95 (CI, 12.96 to 22.18). CONCLUSIONS Both anti-CCP antibody and RF positivity are useful for ruling in the diagnosis of RA, and positivity combined improves the probability of true positivity in the diagnosis. Anti-CCP antibody or RF positivity shows low specificity and positive LR, and should be integrated with other examinations to make a final diagnosis.
MONENSIN SENSITIVITY 1 ( MON 1 ) / CALCIUM CAFFEINE ZINC SENSITIVITY 1 ( CCZ 1 )-Mediated Rab 7 Activation Regulates Tapetal Programmed Cell Death and Pollen Development 1 [ OPEN ]

School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell and Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China (Y.C., Q.Z., W.S.W., X.W., C.G., Y.D., Y.T., L.J.); State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China (H.-T.X., Y.Z.); Division of Cellular Dynamics, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan (T.U.); and CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China (L.J.)
Very Low Fertility and the High Costs of Children and the Elderly in Japan and Selected Asian Countries : An NTA Approach (ミクロおよびマクロレベルから見たわが国における少子・高齢化の特異性)

In the recent past, we have attempted to (1) examine, on the basis of a pool of time-series data primarily from three low-fertility East Asian economies (Japan, South Korea and Taiwan), the nexus between the direct public and private costs of children and the number of children that parents would raise during their reproductive span; and (2) investigate whether or not there exists a competing relationship between the young and the aged in the allocation of private and public financial resources to these two age groups in the three East Asian economies (Ogawa et al., forthcoming). Here, along a similar line of interest, we expand the scope of our analysis by adding to our data set the following three Asian countries: China, Thailand and the Philippines. The structure of this paper is as follows. In the next section, some of the basic features of the National Transfer Accounts (NTA) system, which serves as the basic analytical framework of the present study, are succinctly presented. On the basis of the NTA approach, we then analyze, for illustrative purposes, Japanʼs changing pattern of intergenerational transfers, both public and familial, over the past two decades, especially from the angle of the cost of children but also from the standpoint of the cost of the elderly. By combining computational results for Japan with those for South Korea, Taiwan, China, the Philippines, and Thailand, we estimate the relationship between the cost of children and the fertility rate in these six economies. In addition, we test, by employing a pooled data set on the cost of children and the cost of the elderly, the applicability of the “crowding out” effect to East and South East Asia. The final section summarizes some of the major findings in the present study.
The Last Colonial Massacre: Latin America in the Cold War

After decades of bloodshed and political terror, many lament the rise of the left in Latin America. Since the triumph of Castro, politicians and historians have accused the left there of rejecting democracy, embracing communist totalitarianism, and prompting both revolutionary violence and a right-wing backlash. Through unprecedented archival research and gripping personal testimonies, Greg Grandin powerfully challenges these views in this classic work. In doing so, he uncovers the hidden history of the Latin American Cold War: of hidebound reactionaries holding on to their power and privilege; of Mayan Marxists blending indigenous notions of justice with universal ideas of equality; and, of a United States supporting new styles of state terror throughout the region. With Guatemala as his case study, Grandin argues that the Latin American Cold War was a struggle not between political liberalism and Soviet communism but two visions of democracy - one vibrant and egalitarian, the other tepid and unequal - and that the conflict's main effect was to eliminate homegrown notions of social democracy. Updated with a new preface by the author and an interview with Naomi Klein, "The Last Colonial Massacre" is history of the highest order - a work that will dramatically recast our understanding of Latin American politics and the role of the United States in the Cold War and beyond.
Impact of Government-NGO relations on sustainable air quality in Singapore and Hong Kong compared

Abstract Tackling air pollution is one of the many challenges that aspiring global cities face in their quest for environmental sustainability. Given the dearth of comparative analysis of Asian cities, this article analyzes the cases of Singapore and Hong Kong. Both former colonies, their executive-led governments have more recently attempted to implement more inclusive and participatory modes of governance. The case studies are used to probe the ability of government and non-government actors to network and make decisions regarding air quality. The Singapore case is depicted by the term “disciplined governance” characterized by a mix of the rowing-steering function of the state. Networks exist but are kept under tight control. The Hong Kong case is represented by the term “disarticulated governance” where the government neither rows nor steers but governs reactively. Networks only form when windows of opportunity open for interaction. That is, no purposive mechanism of engagement is discerned. The article argues that these two modes of governance are limited in themselves and in their ability to tackle air pollution.
How Older Residents Benefit from the Management of Volunteer Service

To help volunteer service users effectively, management of the service is supposedly necessary to screen, train, and deploy volunteers and monitor their work. The management is therefore likely to account for the effectiveness of the use of volunteer service by ensuring the provision of the quantity and quality of direct volunteer service to achieve the service goal. This expected account is the focus of the present study of the contribution of a community volunteer project to older residents' adaptation to the living environment in Hong Kong, China. Survey data obtained from 193 residents targeted by the project show that the adequacy of management of the volunteer project tended to be responsible for the resident's adaptation. Essentially, management adequacy contributed to the resident's adaptation by raising the adequacy of direct volunteer service provision. Moreover, a resident who used the volunteer service more frequently would find volunteer service management and provision more adequate. This link to adequacy represented the way that the volunteer service promoted the resident's adaptation. Results demonstrate the importance of adequacy in volunteer service management for ensuring the provision of effective services to raise the resident's adaptation.
Productivity growth in Korea: efficiency improvement or technical progress?

This paper shows that the productivity gains in Korean manufacturing are mostly from efficiency improvement rather than from technical progress. These findings are contrary to those of previous sectoral studies of Korean and Taiwanese manufacturing, but are consistent with those of cross-country studies. Regression results show that both domestic and foreign R&D played an important role in increasing efficiency and technical progress in Korean manufacturing. However, domestic R&D has more effect on technical progress, while foreign R&D has played a relatively stronger role in efficiency improvement.
The Study of Students’ Willingness to Use Mobile Learning in English Classes

Recently, New Taipei City of the Taiwanese government has made great efforts to promote mobile learning. For example, the related programs, “New Taipei City Mobile Learning Experimental Schools of Ministry of Education” in the 101 academic year and “New Taipei City Cloud educational studio” in the 102 academic year. Furthermore, in the 103 academic year, they were integrating tablet PCs to learning in different subjects. This study tried to know students’ “Usage Behavior” and “Usage Intention” of an English curriculum in a school in the above context. Based on the “Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology” [UTAUT], researchers designed questionnaires to discuss influence factors. The total sample numbers are 324 6th grade students, sample numbers are 324 and effective samples are 324, and the effective rate is 100%. Results show: (1) the variables of “Experience” and “Voluntary Background” of "Effort Expectancy" and "Social Influence" are significant deviations. (2) "Performance Expectancy", "Effort Expectancy”, "Social Influence", “Facilitating Conditions ", and “Usage Intention” present a significant positive correlation. (3) "Performance Expectancy", "Effort Expectancy", and "Social Influence" have predictive ability to “Usage Intention”. (4) “Usage Intention” and "Facilitating Conditions" have predictive ability to "Usage Behavior ".
Automated quantification of Reuters news using a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis: The Western media image of China

Country images are increasingly popular but controversial policy concepts. The Western news media image of China is consequently a well-explored academic subject. This study contributes to the discussion by considering the news stream of an international news agency to contrast prior studies that analyze small-scale data sets. An automated dictionary method is proposed to analyze two Reuters data corpora RCV1 (1996–1998) and TRC2 (2008–2009) (N = 1,386,000). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve is employed and its development over time is statistically analyzed. China’s media image was found to be relatively positive in comparison with Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan. The results also suggest that economy provides a greater positive impact on the China’s image in Western media than culture, while politics has a negative impact. The results of the automated method are similar to those of a previous study in which a moderately sized data set was manually examined. This suggests that automated sentiment analysis can provide equally reliable observations as manual analysis but with smaller labor costs.
A comparison of the healthiness of packaged foods and beverages from 12 countries using the Health Star Rating nutrient profiling system, 2013–2018

We compared the healthiness of packaged foods and beverages between selected countries using the Health Star Rating (HSR) nutrient profiling system. Packaged food and beverage data collected 2013–2018 were obtained for Australia, Canada, Chile, China, India, Hong Kong, Mexico, New Zealand, Slovenia, South Africa, the UK, and USA. Each product was assigned to a food or beverage category and mean HSR was calculated overall by category and by country. Median energy density (kJ/100 g), saturated fat (g/100 g), total sugars (g/100 g) and sodium (mg/100 g) contents were calculated. Countries were ranked by mean HSR and median nutrient levels. Mean HSR for all products (n = 394,815) was 2.73 (SD 1.38) out of 5.0 (healthiest profile). The UK, USA, Australia and Canada ranked highest for overall nutrient profile (HSR 2.74–2.83) and India, Hong Kong, China and Chile ranked lowest (HSR 2.27–2.44). Countries with higher overall HSR generally ranked better with respect to nutrient levels. India ranked consistently in the least healthy third for all measures. There is considerable variability in the healthiness of packaged foods and beverages in different countries. The finding that packaged foods and beverages are less healthy in middle‐income countries such as China and India suggests that nutrient profiling is an important tool to enable policymakers and industry actors to reformulate products available in the marketplace to reduce the risk of obesity and NCDs among populations.
DESIGNING “BETTER” GLOBAL PURCHASING AND SUPPLY MANAGEMENT TEACHING PROGRAMMES BY UNDERSTANDING CROSS-CULTURAL CHALLENGES AND DIFFERENCES: THE BI-CONTINENTAL APPROACH EUROPE-ASIA

In response to increasing economic globalisation, many Europe-based, multinational companies have integrated themselves into global sourcing, and a majority of them are targeting the Asian market. The purchasing and supply management (PSM) functions in European firms have thus become more global and connected within the Asian market, because these firms outsourced to China, Hong Kong and Singapore among others. Consequently, it is necessary for Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) to provide a framework for teachers and professors that allows them to train and enable their students in responding appropriately to future cross-cultural challenges the job market is asking for. However, not all teaching activities of professors at HEIs and outsourcing activities of firms lead to success. This study was conducted to explore the similarities and differences in PSM job advertisements published in European countries (Austria, Belgium and the Netherlands) and three regions of Asia, namely, China, Hong Kong and Singapore in order to identify success factors and to draw conclusions for PSM teaching programmes. To distinguish the national and cultural differences, in this working paper the four cultural dimensions of Hofstede were applied. To achieve the research goal, a bi-continental approach was taken as part of this research to compare online PSM job advertisements from Europe and Asia. The findings identify general requirements for European and Asian society that may help HEIs to modify their PSM study programs regularly to react to the different requirements for graduates in terms of the demands of the global job market.
Editorial: Recent Advances in Understanding the Basic Mechanisms of Atrial Fibrillation Using Novel Computational Approaches

1 Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand, 2 School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom, Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, 4 Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia, Department of Cardiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China, 7 Faculty of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China, 8 IMB, UMR 5251, University of Bordeaux, Pessac, France, 9 IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux University, Pessac, France
Research on Volatility Spillover and Dynamic Correlation of Domestic and International Stock Market

This paper gives an empirical analysis to the volatility spillover and dynamic correlation among the stock markets of the mainland China, Hong Kong and the United States by utilizing the GARCH family models. The result shows that the return series of Shanghai composite index, Hang Seng index and Standard and Poor’s 500 index all have prominent volatility clustering phenomena, and the return series of Hang Seng index and Standard and Poor’s 500 index have obvious leverage effect. Besides, there is significant volatility spillover between Hang Seng index and Standard and Poor’s 500 index; the dynamic correlation coefficient between Shanghai composite index and Hang Seng index is higher than that between Shanghai composite index and Standard and Poor’s 500 index and that between Hang Seng index and Standard and Poor’s 500 index.
Preclinical rheumatoid arthritis

Objective: Autoantibodies have been demonstrated in single serum samples from healthy subjects up to 10 years before they developed rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the time course for the development of antibodies before onset of clinical RA is unknown, nor is it known which antibody, or combinations of antibodies, might be most sensitive or specific for predicting future development of the disease. The present study was undertaken to investigate this. Methods: Patients with RA who had been blood donors before the onset of disease symptoms were enrolled. Frozen serum samples from each donor were retrieved, together with 2 serum samples from controls matched for age, sex, and date of donation. All samples were tested for IgM rheumatoid factor (IgMRF) and anti–cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies. Results: Seventy-nine patients with RA (62% female; mean age at onset of symptoms 51 years) were included. A median of 13 samples (range 1–51) per patient were available; the earliest samples had been collected a median of 7.5 years (range 0.1–14.5) before the onset of symptoms. Thirty-nine patients (49%) were positive for IgM-RF and/or anti-CCP on at least one occasion before the development of RA symptoms, a median of 4.5 years (range 0.1–13.8) before symptom onset. Of the 2,138 control samples, 1.1% were positive for IgM-RF, and 0.6% were positive for anti-CCP. Conclusion: Approximately half of patients with RA have specific serologic abnormalities several years before the onset of symptoms. A finding of an elevated serum level of IgM-RF or anti-CCP in a healthy individual implies a high risk for the development of RA. We conclude that IgM-RF and anti-CCP testing with appropriately high specificity may assist in the early detection of RA in highrisk populations.
Risk of Developing Coronary Artery Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Receiving Traditional Chinese Medicine Therapy.

OBJECTIVES To compare risk of developing coronary artery disease (CAD) between diabetic patients receiving Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) therapy and those treated by Western medicine (WM). METHODS This prospective cohort study included 13,655 diabetic patients receiving solely TCM and 435,165 patients treated exclusively by WM. Study patients were identified from Taiwan's National Health Insurance (NHI) ambulatory claims in 2000-2001. These patients were then linked to the 2000-2008 NHI inpatient claims, searching for possible new onset of hospitalization for CAD. A Cox proportional hazard model and logistic regression model were used to assess the hazard ratio of CAD admission and odds ratio (OR) of higher rates of admission for CAD in relation to TCM. RESULTS During 9 years of follow-up, 2607 diabetic patients with TCM were hospitalized for CAD, representing a cumulative incidence rate of 19.1% and an incidence density of 50.5 per 1000 person-years. The corresponding figures for patients treated by WM were 24.1% and 72.7 per 1000 person-years. Compared with the patients treated by WM, those treated by TCM were associated with a slightly reduced, but insignificantly, adjusted OR of CAD admission (0.96; 95% confidence interval, 0.92-1.01). Moreover, the adjusted OR for a higher rate (≥0.212 admission per person-year) of CAD admission for the patients with TCM was also insignificantly decreased at 0.97. CONCLUSIONS After adjustment for prior co-morbidity score, risk or rate of CAD admission did not significantly differ between diabetic patients receiving TCM therapy and those treated by WM, suggesting that TCM is as efficacious as WM in preventing diabetes from being complicated with CAD.
Molecular characterisation of the current high prevalence of the new CPV‐2c variants in the Southern Vietnamese dogs signifies a widespread in the worldwide dog population

Abstract Background Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV‐2) is known as the primary etiological agent cause of acute gastroenteritis, myocarditis and death of canids worldwide. In Vietnam, although CPV‐2 infection and its outbreaks are the most important risk factors of the canine's health concern, lack of available information about the molecular epidemiology of the CPV‐2. Objectives In this study, the complete coding sequences of 10 CPV‐2 strains collected from dogs vaccinated with CPV‐2 vaccination were analysed to better understand the genomic characteristics of the current circulating CPV‐2 in Vietnam. Methods Ten CPV‐specific PCR‐positive rectal swab samples were collected from dogs with acute symptoms of haemorrhagic diarrhoea and vomiting in Vietnam in 2019. The complete coding sequences of these CPV strains were analysed to determine their phylogeny and genetic relationship with other available CPV strains globally. Results Analysis of the VP2 gene sequences demonstrated that the studied strains belonged to the new CPV‐2c variants with the unique mutations at amino acids 5Ala‐Gly and 447Iso‐Met. Phylogenetic tree analysis indicated that the studied strains share a common evolutionary origin with the current CPV‐2c strains circulating in dogs in Asia countries, including China, Thailand, Taiwan and Mongolia, in recent years. Low sequence identity between the studied strains and commercial vaccine strains was observed. Conclusions This study provides deep insights into the molecular characteristics, genetic diversity, and evolution of circulating CPV‐2 strains in Vietnam. We recommend more studies to estimate the effectiveness of the CPV vaccine and the need to continue developing other effective vaccination essential to better control the widespread of these new CPV‐2 variants.