Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Wirelessly Powered Non-Volatile Memory

Content creation and content sharing have become part of our daily lives. With modern electronics, creating and sharing content has become very convenient, but this convenience has come at a price. Devices like smartphones that enable us to easily share content, are costly and complex. Devices like USB flash drives, on the other hand, are low cost and simple. However, they do lack the convenience of smartphones when it comes to sharing content. The wireless memory presented in this thesis aims to overcome the gap between simplicity and convenience. We have designed a worlds-first wireless memory system composed of two components: a reader and a tag. The tag is a simple device to store user content while, the reader is able to access and manipulate the content on the tag. This thesis details the components required for designing and implementing a wireless memory. This knowledge is then used to build a proof-of-concept wireless memory. The resulting design is capable of wirelessly powering the tag and exchanging end-to-end data with a maximum speed of 31 kBps for reading and 27 kBps for writing. The peak power measured in the experiments was 2450mW, with a system efficiency of 57 %. The peak efficiency was measured at 69 %. Furthermore, the tag can be positioned in various orientations with respect to the reader while maintaining normal operation.
CyanoHABs: inevitable evolutionary ecological consequence for low nutrient-requiring cyanobacteria in water eutrophication

The mechanism of cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CyanoHABs) is complicated and confusing. One major reason is they are studied primarily from an ecological perspective and on bloom-forming species only. This narrow angle loses a broader evolutionary and ecological context in which CyanoHABs occur and fails to provide information on relevant components to achieve a wholistic understanding. To derive a comprehensive mechanism of CyanoHABs, we examine CyanoHABs through the overlooked evolutionary and ecological lenses: evolutionary radiation, ecological comparison with co-living algae, and recently identified genomic functional repertoire between blooming and non-blooming species. We found key factors: (1) elaborate diverse functional repertoire and low nutrient requirement in cyanobacteria molded by early adaptive evolution, (2) cyanobacteria having lower nutrient requirements than green algae indeed, (3) there is no directed evolution in biological functions toward water eutrophication in cyanobacteria, (4) the CyanoHAB-associated functional repertoire are more abundant and complete in blooming than non-blooming species. These factors lead us to postulate a preliminary mechanism of CyanoHABs as a synergistic quad: superior functional repertoire, established with long adaptive radiation under nutrient-deficient conditions and not evolved toward eutrophic conditions, enables cyanobacteria to efficiently utilize elevated nutrients under current eutrophic regime for excess growth and CyanoHABs thereof, due to their lower nutrient requirements than co-living algae. This preliminary synthesis without doubt needs further empirical testing, which can be undertaken with more comparative studies of multiple species using integrated systems biology approaches.
Prediction models and nomograms of 3-year risk of chronic kidney disease in China: a study from the Shanghai Suburban Adult Cohort and Biobank (2016–2020)

Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a serious public health problem in China that requires the development and verification of sex-specific 3-year risk prediction models and nomograms of CKD to further guide personalized care. Methods A 3-year community-based observational cohort study of 10,049 Chinese participants without CKD was begun in 2016 and participants were followed until August 2020. Stepwise multivariable-adjusted Cox regression analyses were conducted to select the candidate variables, including demographics and clinical parameters such as blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and estimated glomerular ﬁltration rate (eGFR), into the prediction model. We used the C-statistic to evaluate discrimination, and the Brier score for calibration. A 10-fold cross-validation was conducted for internal validation to assess the model’s stability. Results The cumulative incidence of CKD was 4.25% (male: 3.81%, female: 4.55%). The eGFR, HbA1c variability, uric acid (UA), UA variability, BUN, albumin, and Hb were significant predictors for both sexes. In the female model, age, triglycerides and age at menarche were additional predictors. The models showed C-statistics of 0.934/0.951 (male/female). The model calibrated well across the deciles of predicted risk, with a Brier score of 0.007/0.009 (male/female). Conclusions In this study, we fitted the CKD 3-year risk prediction models with an accuracy rate of >90%. At the same time, we developed two nomograms to facilitate routine CKD risk prediction to provide individualized care in preventing or delaying CKD.
Inverse scattering with phase retrieval based on indirect holography via synthesised plane-waves

The aim of this study is to present a technique for object geometry retrieval using scattered field information based on phaseless acquisition, so that a scanning system can be implemented without the need of an expensive vector network analyser. The inverse scattering is accomplished through a two-step strategy that is powered thanks to the combination of the scattered signal with a synthesised reference wave. Thus, the phase is firstly recovered by considering the spectral properties of the mixed signal. Secondly, the reflectivity of the object is computed by means of an inverse scattering algorithm accelerated by a multipolar expansion. The technique is applied and validated for planar as well as spherical ranges considering simulated as well as measured data.
Determination of Hormone Receptors, Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 and Ki67 Status in Invasive Breast Carcinoma: A Concordance Study between Immunohistochemistry, Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization, and GeneXpert® Breast Cancer STRAT4 Assay

BackgroundThe accurate assessment of hormone receptors (ER and PR), HER2 and Ki-67 proliferative index provides meaningful information about breast cancer prognosis and prediction of therapy response. Immunohistochemistry, the most common method for evaluating these prognostic biomarkers, can be impacted by numerous variabilities due to pre-analytical/analytical factors and subjective interpretation by pathologists. The Xpert® Breast Cancer STRAT4, a RT-qPCR based system, can be used to classify breast invasive carcinomas based on the assessment of these 4 biomarkers. In this study, we investigated the accuracy of RT-qPCR based mRNA expression levels in a closed, single-use cartridge, automated system compared with the current gold standard, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) for HER2 equivocal cases.Methods We evaluated ESR1, PGR, ERBB2 and MKi67 mRNA expression by Xpert Breast Cancer STRAT4 and ER, PR, HER2 and Ki67 by IHC (FISH for HER2 IHC 2+) in 200 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue blocks with invasive breast cancer, collected from the Pathology Department of Casablanca Ibn Rochd University Hospital.Results Concordance between Xpert ® Breast Cancer STRAT4 and IHC was 93.5% for ER, 83.51% for PR, 95% for HER2 (92% for IHC+FISH), and 81.20% for Ki67 (excluding intermediate IHC Staining 10 ≤ %IHC <20). The simple Kappa coefficient was, for ER, 0.830 (P < 0, 0001), 0.565 (P < 0, 0001) for PR, 0.838 (P < 0, 0001) for HER2-IHC, 0.771 (P< 0, 0001) for HER2 IHC+FISH and, for, Ki67, 0.458 (P < 0, 0001). Conclusions We demonstrated globally a high concordance between centrally assessed IHC, IHC+FISH and mRNA measurements of ER/ESR1 and HER2/ERBB2, and a moderate agreement between PR/PGR and Ki67/MKi67. These findings provide an additional, objective, and quantitative assessment of tumor receptor status in breast cancer.
Effect of modulation scheme on LINC transmitter power efficiency

The authors describe how the power efficiency of an LINC (linear amplification with nonlinear components) transmitter is affected by the modulation scheme when using a conventional power combiner to recombine the constant envelope signals. The efficiency originating from the recombining peak at 60% for low-level modulation schemes but decreases to below 20% for high level schemes.
Canonical structures of ARC biquad based on single transimpedance operational amplifiers

The paper deals with simplest canonical structures of the second order ARC filters employing only single transimpedance operational amplifiers (also titled current feedback amplifiers) and passive components R and C. A systematic design procedure of this circuits based on the suitable autonomous networks is described. Several appropriate general autonomous circuits are presented and studied.
A SINGLE-PACKET IP TRACEBACK: COMBATING DOS-DDOS ATTACKS

Abstract Cyber-attacks such as Denial of Service (DoS) and Distributed Denial of Service(DDoS) can affect Internet security so that they become a major threat to the computer and computer networks. Therefore, several IP traceback methods were developed to trace back each attack packet to its origin of the attack. These schemes require many packets to trace back the origin of the DoS attack. In this paper, we proposed a novel approach that can trace back the origin of the DoS attack using a single packet-based on Deterministic Packet Marking (DPM) and Probabilistic Router Logging(PRL). Our experimental results, using NS-3 simulator, show that our novel proposed approach can reconstruct the attack path from the victim target to the exact attacker after receiving only a single attack packet. Moreover, this novel proposed approach detects spoofed attack packets in reactive and proactive schemes so that our proposed traceback solution is, therefore, robust because it has a null false positive (negative) rate.
Sequential versus Concurrent Engineering—An Analogy

hierarchical setup that led to the creation of many tall &dquo;silos&dquo;-multilayered control structures. Product was taskfocused and engineering was sequencing-based. During this age of control, linear product development appeared to be the right thing to do. The product design and development (PDD) process was obtained in phases. The phases were essentially queued in consecutive order and segmented with some hard breaks between phases. Inputs from individual departments were sought in an ordered sequence as shown in Figure 1. Tasks were clearly labeled as requirements definition, product definition, process definition, or delivery and support. The tasks of the upstream phase were completed before tasks for a downstream phase were started. For example, requirements preceded product definition. Design engineers dominated the process (often drawing-based) in the earliest stages of conceptual design and preliminary development. Marketing experts gave the needs to the designers, who determined product specifications. In most sequential engineering processes, it was customary for the market research department to determine cus-
Collective Mindfulness: The Key to Organizational Resilience in Megaprojects

The complexity, internal and external risks, and significant social impact of megaprojects make their organizational resilience particularly important. To survive potential adversities, megaproject organizational resilience depends on collective mindfulness. Drawing on an attention-based view, this study investigates the mechanisms of collective mindfulness for megaproject organizational resilience as a process that functions prior to, during, and after recovery from crises. The results from analyzing six embedded crisis events in two megaprojects indicate that collective mindfulness influences organizational resilience processes through the mechanisms of awareness allocation, emotional detachment, and attention alignment. The study's theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Cloud Computing Principles and Paradigms

The primary purpose of this book is to capture the state-of-the-art in Cloud Computing technologies and applications. The book will also aim to identify potential research directions and technologies that will facilitate creation a global market-place of cloud computing services supporting scientific, industrial, business, and consumer applications. We expect the book to serve as a reference for larger audience such as systems architects, practitioners, developers, new researchers and graduate level students. This area of research is relatively recent, and as such has no existing reference book that addresses it.This book will be a timely contribution to a field that is gaining considerable research interest, momentum, and is expected to be of increasing interest to commercial developers. The book is targeted for professional computer science developers and graduate students especially at Masters level. As Cloud Computing is recognized as one of the top five emerging technologies that will have a major impact on the quality of science and society over the next 20 years, its knowledge will help position our readers at the forefront of the field.
Generation of OAM Radio Waves Using Circular Vivaldi Antenna Array

This paper gives a feasible and simple solution of generating OAM-carrying radio beams. Eight Vivaldi antenna elements connect sequentially and fold into a hollow cylinder. The circular Vivaldi antenna array is fed with unit amplitude but with a successive phase difference from element to element. By changing the phase difference at the steps of 0, ±45°, ±90°, ±135°, and 180°, the OAM radio beam can be generated with mode numbers 0, ±1, ±2, ±3, and 4. Simulations show that the OAM states of ±2 and ±3 are the same as the traditional states, while the OAM states of 0, ±1, and 4 differ at the boresight. This phenomenon can be explained by the radiation pattern difference between Vivaldi antenna and tripole antenna. A solution of distinguishing OAM states is also proposed. The mode number of OAM can be distinguished with only 2 receivers.
On Models for Interference Calculations between Radio Communication Systems

When installing a new radio system, it is of great importance to know that it will not interfere with the already existing systems, and that they can coexist side by side. The problems that will follow if interference occurs, can be of huge magnitude, e.g. radars not working, trains stopping etc. The idea of this thesis is to find an analysing method that can take several parameters into account when evaluating the scenario and its possible conflicts, and since many of the radio systems today are digital, give the bit error rate as a result. The problem is to find a way to model both the victim signal and the interfering signal(s), that also takes as many variables as possible into account when doing so. The model should be as general as possible, making it applicable on many different scenarios. Since many of the older radio systems are narrowband systems (e.g. GSM), and many of the newly deployed radio systems are wideband systems (e.g. UMTS, LTE), it is also necessary be able to represent such systems in the same environment. Also, is it possible to replace the modulated interferer with some random process? When a good model to describe the signal and interference was found, simulations were made in Matlab to test it. Variables such as modulation, power, frequencies, losses and filters were all included in the implementation. The results of the simulations show bit error rates, i.e. how much the interfering system affects the victim system, as a function of the geographical distance between them, and also their difference in frequency. In the case with a GSM-R system with a cell radius of 8 km being interfered by a LTE system, the minimum distance from the LTE transmitter to the GSM-R receiver to keep a BER < 10-3 was found to be 1.5 km. If a frequency guard band were used, those minimum distances were lowered to 900 m and 800 m, respectively. Replacing the LTE transmission (OFDM) with a sequence generated from a Middleton Class A process, the same results could not be obtained. The method described in this thesis to evaluate the possible conflict between different radio systems is general enough to be able to handle any kind of systems, together with their specific parameters and design choices.
Creatinine as reference parameter for the concentration of substances in urine – Addendum to the conversion of volume- or creatinine-related analytical results. Assessment Values in Biological Material – Translation of the German version from 2020

The German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area has re-evaluated creatinine as reference parameter for the concentration of substances in urine. The Commission has established factors for the conversion of volume-related into creatinine-adjusted results, and vice versa. A factor (multiplicator) of 0.83 for the conversion of volume-related to creatinine-adjusted data was derived from studies with a balanced gender ratio. The standard factor for conversion of creatinine-adjusted to volume-related results is 1.2. In study groups with predominantly male test persons, the factor for conversion of volume-related to creatinine-adjusted values is 0.71, and 1.4 for converting creatinine-adjusted to volume-related values. In study groups with predominantly female test persons, the conversion factor is 1.0. From the results for spontaneous urine samples, the total excretion of the creatinine parameter cannot be directly extrapolated to a whole day. Calculations relating to 24‑h urine samples are based on an average creatinine output of 1.3 g per day (range 1.0–1.6 g) or 20 mg/kg body weight (range 15–25 mg/kg body weight).
Endothelial C3a receptor mediates vascular inflammation and blood-brain barrier permeability during aging

C3ar1 inactivation also dampened microglia reactivity and improved hippocampal and cortical volumes in the aging brain, demonstrating a crosstalk between brain vasculature dysfunction and immune cell activation and neurodegeneration. Further, prominent C3aR-dependent vascular inflammation was also observed in a tau-transgenic mouse model. Our studies suggest that heightened C3a/C3aR signaling through endothelial cells promotes vascular inflammation and BBB dysfunction and contributes to overall neuroinflammation in aging and neurodegenerative disease.
Contactless video-based photoplethysmography technique comparison investigating pulse transit time estimation of arterial blood pressure

Background: Non-contact measurement of physiological vital signs, such as blood pressure (BP), by video-based photoplethysmography (vPPG) is a potential means for remote health monitoring. However, the signal-to-noise ratio of cardiovascular signals within the vPPG is very low. Objective: This study investigates the potential of BP estimation from vPPG. Methods: In 10 healthy volunteers (4 females, 28 ± 7 years), continuous electrocardiogram, finger BP and video of the face and palm of the hand were recorded. BP was varied by isometric hand grip exercise and leg ischemia. Four vPPG methods were compared: (i) averages of the green (GREEN) color intensity; (ii) the best linear combination of color channels using independent component analysis (ICA); (iii) a linear combination of chrominance-based (CHROM) signal by standardizing the skin color profile; (iv) plane orthogonal to the skin tone (POS) as vPPG signal. These were applied to 14 regions of interest (ROIs) on the face and 5 ROIs on the palm. Pulse transit time (PTT) between ROIs, for all permutations, were calculated and the correlation with BP quantified. Results: A significant, negative PTT-BP correlation was defined as success. A maximum success rate of 80% was achieved, occurring for the GREEN, POS and ICA methods only for specific ROIs within the face, but not for any permutation using the hand. Conclusions: These results indicate that the use of vPPG for estimation of BP will be challenging. A combination of different vPPG methods and within-face ROIs may yield useful information.
A modest IoT based smart parking system with business analytics integration

Traditional parking systems are challenging and tedious as it is occupied at irregular intervals for various reasons. Without proper design, this could lead to loss of business revenue in commercial establishments. The objective of this study is to implement an IoT-based system to address issues faced by visitors at parking lots. The proposed system would include capabilities that can display the status of availability of the lot it is placed in and will report the status through a web service. This availability status is transmitted through WiFi, which can provide insight into the parking activities of the establishment. This provides valuable data for the use of business analytics. This study highlights the advantages a basic and low-cost IoT-based Smart Parking Lot system could present. This is visualized using custom and open-source parking datasets. These features provide the basis for discussion on future improvements and scalable parking solutions.
Ultra-compact and ultra-efficient three-phase PWM rectifier systems for more electric aircraft

In order to improve the efficiency and to reduce the environmental impact of aircraft, global efforts for reducing the aircraft weight are under way. One of the key issues thereto is the wide application of electric systems instead of heavy mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic driven equipment. This change in the power supply structure of an aircraft is known as More Electric Aircraft (MEA). In the course of this concept unidirectional active three-phase rectifiers in the power range of several kW are required, mainly for electrically driven actuators for flight control. In modern civil aircraft a three-phase AC mains with a voltage level of either 115 V or 230 V and a variable mains frequency of 360 Hz . 800 Hz exists. In this work unidirectional three-phase rectifiers are evaluated which are able to meet the enhanced requirements of aircraft application. Starting with a brief survey on the power supply structure and the demanding requirements to be met such as the power factor or input current quality, a survey on three-phase rectifier topologies suited for aircraft applications is given. There, also passive and hybrid (active/passive) systems are considered. Based on this evaluation, the two-level three-phase ∆-switch rectifier is found to be an ideal solution for a mains voltage of 115 V and the three-phase three-level Vienna Rectifier topology optimally fits the requirements for a 230 V mains. Initially, the specific characteristics and control approaches of the well known Vienna Rectifier topology are summarized. The MEA concept calls for a minimization of volume and weight and hence a single-objective optimization of the three-phase Vienna Rectifier