Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Role of Patch Compartment Neurons in Methamphetamine‐Mediated Reward

The striatum is significantly important in the formation of habitual behaviors as well as reward association. Elicited reward behavior from methamphetamine (METH) is mediated by the striatum. Two distinct striatal sub regions, the patch and matrix, have been shown by previous studies to have key role in the regulation of addiction behavior. The patch compartment, in contrast with the matrix, expresses a high density of mu opioid receptors and receives inputs from limbic regions of the brain. Patch compartment neurons have been shown to contribute to habitual behaviors and it has been hypothesized that these neurons also contribute to reward, although this has yet to be demonstrated. The basis of this experiment was to investigate the role of the patch compartment neurons in METH‐induced reward behavior. This goal was attained by determining if the ablation of the mu opioid receptor‐containing neurons of the patch compartment would alter METH‐mediated condition place reference (CPP), which is an indicator of drug reward, by using Dermorphin‐Saporin (Derm‐Sap) which is a neurotoxin used to accurately target and eliminate mu opiate receptor‐containing neurons. Male and female rats in this study were bilaterally infused in striatum either with Derm‐Sap, or unconjugated Saporin, which was used as a control. After eight days of recovery, subjects were exposed to the CPP paradigm receiving either a moderate dose of METH (2 mg/kg) or saline. After eight days of conditioning, a preference test was conducted on each animal to determine the degree of preference for the drug‐paired chamber. It was found that METH‐mediated CPP was reduced in patch‐lesioned female rats, as compared to control animals, while METH‐mediated CPP was increased in male rats with Derm‐Sap lesions as compared to controls. These results allow us to conclude that patch compartment neurons are necessary for METH‐induced reward behaviors in females, but not males.
The 4 Position of 5‐HT2A Structural Agonists Imparts the Anti‐Inflammatory Propensity Responsible for Reducing Airway Hyperrresponsiveness in Allergic Asthma

The 5‐HT2A receptor is the most widely expressed serotonin receptor in mammals. While distribution occurs largely in the central nervous system, the 5‐HT2A receptor has been detected in platelets, endothelial and epithelial cells, and lymphatic tissue. Most commonly viewed as the classical target of psychedelic compounds, our lab has made significant progress in understanding how activity at the 5‐HT2A receptor profoundly activates anti‐inflammatory pathways. Here we have generated a chronic asthma model to examine the therapeutic potential of 5‐HT2A receptor activation in persistent allergic airways disease. Our studies show that nasal administration of the 5‐HT2A agonist (R)‐DOI attenuates the elevated airway responsiveness, goblet cell hyperplasia, collagen deposition, and airway structural remodeling that accompanies persistent allergen challenge. Additionally, we have used an acute model in rodents to interrogate structural components of known psychedelics most critical for their anti‐inflammatory effects. Our studies indicate that the 4 position of 5‐HT2A structural agonists contains the chief mediator for reducing bronchial hyperresponsiveness in asthma. This ultimately suggests that a blood‐brain inpenetrant molecule can be developed that lacks the psychoactivity of classical psychedelics but maintains therapeutic efficacy.
Low Frequency Noise Annoyance Assessment by Low Frequency Noise Rating (LFNR) Curves

Over recent years, it has become apparent that low frequency noise annoyance is more widespread than originally believed. Annoyance has occurred where the emitted noise is unbalanced towards the low frequencies even though the dB(A) level has been low. Following laboratory experiments carried out as part of an investigation into low frequency annoyance, combined with field annoyance data, the Low Frequency Noise Rating (LFNR) curves are proposed for the assessment of low frequency noise annoyance complaints.
Melatonin improves insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis through attenuation of ER stress

Non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasingly recognized as one of the most common liver diseases. However, there is no specific way to treat or prevent it. Melatonin is a key molecule to regulate body rhythms. It also acts as a potent anti‐oxidant, and the melatonin deficiency is associated with various diseases, including diabetes and obesity; however, the action mechanism is not well known. In addition, fetuin‐A is one of the hepatokines and is known to be associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. However, it is not known whether melatonin can improve hepatic insulin resistance by down‐regulation of fetuin‐A expression.
Etude du confinement optique dans les lasers à cascade quantique et applications à la détection

Depuis 1994, les lasers a cascade quantique se sont imposes comme la source laser a semiconducteur de choix dans le domaine du moyen et du lointain infrarouge. Comme la plupart des molecules chimiques possedent des bandes d'absorption entre les niveaux de rotation-vibration qui se situent dans le moyen infrarouge, les lasers a cascade quantique sont particulierement adaptes aux applications telles que la spectroscopie, la detection de gaz a l'etat de traces ou l'imagerie medicale. Une des voies de recherche actives est aujourd'hui leur optimisation en vue de leur miniaturisation et de leur integration dans des microsystemes de detection. Ce travail de these presente l'etude et l'optimisation du confinement optique vertical dans des heterostructures lasers a cascade quantique epitaxiees sans couche de confinement superieure. Ces structures sont interessantes puisqu'elles sont adaptees a la fois au guide a plasmons de surface et au guide avec un confinement par air. En menant une etude approfondie de la repartition du mode optique et du courant electrique, nous avons concu des structures originales qui ouvrent notamment de nouvelles perspectives sur l'utilisation de ces lasers pour la detection de fluides. Nous avons egalement montre que l'observation par microscopie en champ proche est un outil precieux pour la caracterisation et la comprehension des lasers a cascade quantique. Finalement, nous posons les bases necessaires a la realisation de matrices de lasers monomodes, utilisant la technologie des cristaux photoniques.
Selection of Optimum Electromagnetic Shield using Multi Objective Optimization Algorithm

Abstract The intensive use of electric systems and electronic components as well as the power increase leads to a high electromagnetic pollution of environment. So in this article, this issue and appropriate mechanisms for EMC operations have been presented. First, a source of alternating current (50 Hz) and a clear victim in a certain distance from the source is placed. With this simple model, the effects of electromagnetic radiation from the source to the victim will be investigated. For this purpose a multi objective optimization algorithm will be presented. With respect to this algorithm the initial plan for EMC will be optimized. In some steps, shielding effectiveness of proposed shields will be compared and the optimum sketch will be chosen. It should be noted that simulations have been done by the finite element method (FEM). Keywords: EMC, magnetic, optimization, shielding, victim. 1. Introduction For many years, electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) has been a discipline familiar to engineers involved in the design of electronic equipment for military use. The problem was originally perceived in the Second World War, when electronic equipment was collocated on military platforms (aircraft, for example) and interference between equipment found to be an operational problem. With the growth
MicroRNA miR‐1207‐5p‐repression of ATRA receptors determine retinoid‐resistance in breast cancer

Major objective of this research is to understand the mechanism of retinoid‐resistance of the basal‐type breast cancer (BLBC) cells. BLBC are high‐grade, invasive cancers that are characterized by the “triple‐negative” phenotype (ER−/PR−/HER2−), lacking expression of the estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and HER2. BLBC account for approximately 15% of human breast cancers, tend to occur in younger women, and account for a disproportionate amount of breast cancer deaths. As BLBC do not respond to either hormonal treatment or HER2‐targeted treatment, there are at present no targeted therapies for this aggressive cancer. Our long term goal is to develop chemical management strategies against BLBC which are resistant to retinoid therapy. The development of new therapeutic approaches has been invigorated by the discovery of miRNA molecules that can regulate gene expression and many important biological processes including breast cancer. While studying possible role of miRNAs in retinoid‐resistance of the BLBC cells, we found that these cells are low in the levels of three all‐trans‐retinoic acid (ATRA) receptor proteins: RARα, RXRα and RARγ. ATRA triggers antiproliferative effects in tumor cells and therefore ATRA and its synthetic analogs have great potential as anticarcinogenic agents. We report here that retinoid‐resistance in the BLBC cells is mediated by a microRNA, miR‐1207‐5p which binds to the RARα, RXRα and RARγ mRNAs and prevent the biosynthesis of these receptors. Retinoid‐resistant BLBC cells are unusually high in the level of the oncogenic long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) PVT1. The microRNA miR‐1207‐5p is mitron, as it is encoded by an intron in the PVT1 pre‐RNA. Our research indicates that miR‐1207 gene itself may also have its own promoter which is regulated by the redox‐regulator transcription factor NRF2. We found that miR‐1207‐5p miRISC tightly binds at the 3′‐UTR of the RARα, RXRα and RARγ mRNAs as was revealed by iCLIP analysis. The levels of RARα, RXRα and RARγ mRNAs and proteins are inversely related to miR‐1207‐5p level in the BLBC cells. This research implicates miR‐1207‐5p in the regulation of retinoid‐resistance in the BLBC cells and reflects on potential use of a combination of miR‐1207‐5p antagonists (antagomir and sponges) and ATRA as potent chemotherapy against hard‐to‐cure BLBC.
Role of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and actin polymerization in PKC‐dependent constriction of small pulmonary but not mesenteric arteries

PKC plays a central role in the regulation of vascular smooth muscle (VSM) tone. However, little is known regarding mechanisms by which PKC mediates contraction in pulmonary VSM. We hypothesized that PKCβ elicits pulmonary vasoconstriction through a unique signaling axis involving VSM mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and actin polymerization not observed in systemic arteries. The PKC activator phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate (PMA) caused constriction in both endothelium‐disrupted, pressurized rat pulmonary (~150 μm diameter) and mesenteric (~165 μm diameter) arterioles that was independent of an increase in VSM Ca2+ (measured by fura‐2 fluorescence). Consistent with our hypothesis, the PKCβ inhibitor LY‐333,531 (10 nM), the O2− scavenger tiron (10 mM), the mitochondrial‐targeted antioxidant Mito‐CP (0.5 μM), and the actin polymerization inhibitor cytochalasin B (10 μM), blunted reactivity to PMA in pulmonary arteries while having no effect in mesenteric arterioles. Furthermore, PMA increased mitochondrial ROS (measured by Mito‐SOX fluorescence) and caused actin polymerization (measured by Alexa Fluor 488 phalloidin/Alexa Fluor 594 DNase staining) in cultured human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. We conclude that PKCβ uniquely enhances mitochondrial ROS production and actin polymerization in the pulmonary circulation to mediate vasoconstriction.
Integrated yet decoupled dual antennas with inherent decoupling structures for 2.4/5.2/5.8‐GHz WLAN MIMO operation in the smartphone

Integrated yet decoupled (IYD) dual antennas with inherent decoupling structures to achieve multi‐input multi‐output operation in the 2.4/5.2/5.8‐GHz wireless local area network bands in the smartphone are presented. The IYD dual antennas consist of two coupled‐fed loop antennas integrated into a compact planar structure of size 7 × 25 mm2. Each coupled‐fed loop antenna has a longer coupled‐fed end‐shorted strip for the 2.4‐GHz band (2400‐2484 MHz) and a shorter coupled‐fed end‐shorted strip for the 5.2/5.8‐GHz bands (5150‐5350/5725‐5875 MHz). The decoupling between the two antennas is obtained by the longer end‐shorted strips thereof as inherent decoupling structures. No external decoupling structures are required. This decreases the antenna size and simplifies the structure of the IYD dual antennas. For the smartphone application, the IYD dual antennas are disposed along the side‐edge frame thereof and placed perpendicular to and also centered to the system ground plane therein with a 1‐mm ground clearance only. Details of the proposed IYD antennas are presented and discussed.
Marginal Vitamin B6 Deficiency Affects Fatty Acid Profiles in Healthy Men and Women

Vitamin B6 (VB6) deficiency alters fatty acid (FA) profiles of rat tissue lipids. The effects of VB6 deficiency on FA profiles in humans are not well understood. The aim of our study was to determine effects of VB6 deficiency on FA profiles of various blood fractions including plasma, red cells and lymphocytes. Healthy subjects (n=13) received a 2‐d adequate diet followed by a 28‐d VB6 restricted diet (0.5 mg /d) to induce a marginal VB6 deficiency (plasma pyridoxal‐5′‐phosphate 20‐30 nM). Plasma total FA, red cell and lymphocyte membrane FA were analyzed by gas chromatography/flame ionization. After 28d of VB6 restriction, plasma arachidonate (C20:4 n‐6) and docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6 n‐3) concentration decreased significantly from (mean ± SD) 533 ± 72 to 479 ± 59 µM (p=0.006) and from 111 ± 25 to 98 ± 20 µM (p=0.044). The ratio of arachidonate/linoleate, (C20:4 n‐6)/(C18:2 n‐6), in plasma also significantly decreased from 0.23 ± 0.04 to 0.20 ± 0.04 (p<0.001). For red cell membrane lipids, the percentage of oleate (C18:1 n‐9) and eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5 n‐3) significantly decreased from 18.9 ± 1.3 % to 18.6 ± 1.1% (p=0.023) and from 0.45 ± 0.12% to 0.41 ± 0.12% (p=0.042). There were no significant changes in FA profiles of membrane lipids in lymphocytes. In conclusion, marginal VB6 deficiency has subtle but significant effects on FA profiles in humans. Supported by NIH grant DK072398 and GCRC grant M01‐RR00082.
Sestrin2 Inhibited the Activation of Hepatic Stellate cells and Liver Fibrosis via Blocking Transforming Growth Factor‐β Signaling

Hepatic fibrosis results from chronic liver injury and inflammatory responses. Sestrin2 (Sesn2), an evolutionally conserved antioxidant proteins, prevents acute hepatitis and metabolic liver diseases. However, the role of Sesn2 in the pathogenesis of hepatic fibrosis remains obscure. In the current study, we first investigated whether Sesn2 protects fibrogenesis in cultured hepatic stellate cells (HSC) or in chronic carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)‐treated or bile duct ligation (BDL)‐performed mice. Activated primary HSC up‐regulates the levels of Sesn2 protein and mRNA. Transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) also increased Sesn2 expression in cultured HSC, which was due to increased transcription. TGF‐β signaling occurs primarily by activation of Smad proteins and overexpressed Smad3 increased Sesn2 luciferase activity. In silico analysis of the 5′ upstream region of Sesn2 gene identified a putative Smad binding element (SBE) sequence. Deletion of the putative SBE demonstrated in the human Sesn2 promoter was critical for the TGF‐β‐mediated response. Moreover, ectopic expression of Sesn2 reduces epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers, which is accompanied with a marked decrease in SBE luciferase activity and Smad phosporylation. A recombinant adenovirus Sens2 (Ad‐Sesn2) administration presents less severe hepatic injury as supported by decreases in CCl4‐or BDL‐induced ALT/AST levels. Furthermore, Ad‐Sesn2 reduced liver injury and collagen accumulation. Finally, expression of Sesn2 is down‐regulated in the livers from patients with liver cirrhosis or CCl4‐or BDL‐induced hepatic fibrosis mice. Taken together, our findings suggest that Sesn2 protects HSC activation and hepatic fibrosis via antagonizing TGF‐β signaling.
Robust H∞ Filtering and Controller Design for Linear Stochastic Systems

Some stochastic process can be studied as linear process. In this case, conventional linear control method cannot be used directly. Thus it is important to propose methods that are compatible with these systems. In this paper, $H\infty$ filtering and controller proposed for robust control of linear stochastic systems. In the following, proposed method applied to mathematical model of twin rotor multi inputs-multi outputs system. The investigation of results show good noise and disturbance attenuation, robustness and closed loop stability. Also estimation error improved approximately from 30 to 50 percentages in comparison with other conventional methods.
AN EFFICIENT FRAMEWORK OF PREDICTIVE DATA MINING UNDER A CASE STUDY OF GAS ENERGY PRODUCTION IN PAKISTAN

A lot of research has been carried out to study the energy crisis in Pakistan by using the predictive data mining techniques. Many researchers have tried to analyse the situation by using different frameworks but unfortunately the authors of this paper did not find any complete, cost effective and efficient framework in the literature. We therefore proposed a framework for developing a predictive data mining system, which will efficiently work in scenario of forecasting with an efficient flow of work. In this conceptual framework authors have showed twelve steps and their sequence of working in the form of algorithm. We applied the proposed framework on the case study for prediction of natural gas energy production in Pakistan to give a solution of the current energy crises. In this case study efforts were made to collect the historical data by covering different geographical areas of Pakistan and circumstances. Authors designed an “Energy Analytical Data Mart” to store the historical and continuously growing data. In this case study we have presented two approaches of forecasting the level of natural gas energy production in Pakistan using the artificial intelligence field neural network.
Feedback strategies for wireless communication systems

This book explores the different strategies regarding the feedback information for wireless communication systems. The text analyzes the impact of quantization and correlation of channel state information (CSI) on the system performance. The authors show the effect of the reduced and limited feedback information and gives an overview about the feedback strategies in the standards. This volume presents theoretical analysis as well as practical algorithms for the required feedback information at the base stations to perform adaptive resource allocation efficiently and mitigate interference coming from other cells. Analyzes the impact of feedback information on the capacity of different wireless communication systems Provides practical algorithms for feedback information in wireless communication systems Covers key aspects of wireless systems, for example investigating feedback strategies of single user, multi-user and multi-cell systems
Analysis of Anthocyanins in Tissues of Pigs Fed Blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum)

Pharmacokinetic parameters of dietary anthocyanins following consumption of berries have been determined in humans, rats and pigs, showing rapid uptake and excretion of intact anthocyanin glycosides and phase II metabolites. Study of in vivo effects may therefore necessitate study of both parent glycosides and metabolites. Mechanistic details of anthocyanin uptake, absorption, and tissue distribution are still not fully elucidated due partly to difficulty in extracting and measuring them from tissues. Using HPLC with ECD, UV, and MS2 detection, we have quantitatively identified unmetabolized anthocyanin glycosides in various tissues from pigs fed for 8 wk a diet enriched with Vaccinium corymbosum (blueberry). Authentic anthocyanin detection limits were 300 pg on column for HPLC/ECD and 20 pg on column using select ion moitoring on LC/MS2. Several extraction protocols were investigated, optimizing extraction efficiency from tissue while obtaining samples clean enough for LC/MS2 analysis. A flow stream switching protocol proved beneficial to LC/MS2 analysis. Anthocyanin stability appeared to be greater in the presence of tissue extract material than as purified standards. Delphinidin compounds degraded quickly while malvidin compounds were more stable, however, malvidin can be formed by in vivo methylation of other anthocyanins. The value of measuring individual conjugated compounds versus hydrolyzing to aglycones for study of tissue distribution was tested.
Velocity-controlled Piezoelectric Switching Energy Harvesting Device

Système et Application des Technologies de l’Information et de l’Energie, UNIVERSud, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan, France 2 Department of Engineering Science and Ocean Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan IUFM de Créteil, Université Paris 12, Place du 8 mai 1945, 93000 St Denis, France Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, Taiwan Industrial Technology Research Institute of Taiwan, Taiwan Address: No.1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Da-an District, Taipei City 106, Taiwan Phone/Fax number: +886 2 3366 5764, e-mail: ypliu@mems.iam. ntu.edu. tw
Validade das taxas de nascimento pré e pós-termo baseadas na data da última menstruação em comparação com a ultrassonografia obstétrica precoce

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a validade das estimativas das taxas de nascimento pre e pos-termo baseadas na data da ultima menstruacao (DUM), em uma coorte pre-natal de duas cidades brasileiras, Ribeirao Preto e Sao Luis. Foram incluidas gestantes de feto unico com < 20 semanas de idade gestacional pela ultrassonografia obstetrica em 2010 e 2011. A DUM foi obtida de 22-25 semanas de idade gestacional e apos o nascimento. A sensibilidade da DUM obtida no pre-natal para estimativa da taxa de nascimento pre-termo foi de 65,6% em Sao Luis e de 78,7% em Ribeirao Preto, e o valor preditivo positivo foi de 57,3% em Sao Luis e de 73,3% em Ribeirao Preto. Erros na DUM para identificacao do nascimento pre-termo foram menores na cidade mais desenvolvida. A sensibilidade e o valor preditivo positivo da DUM para estimativa da taxa de nascimento pos-termo foram muito baixos, com tendencia a sua superestimacao. A DUM pode ser usada com algum erro para identificacao do nascimento pre-termo quando a ultrassonografia obstetrica nao estiver disponivel, mas nao tem validade para a estimativa do nascimento pos-termo.
O‐Glcnacylation augments protein kinase C mediated vasoconstriction

Protein kinase C (PKC) is a key signaling mechanism in vasoconstriction and all PKC isozymes are dynamically modified by O‐linked N‐acetylglucosamine (O‐GlcNAc) in all higher level eukaryotes. We hypothesized that this posttranslational modification of PKC augments vasoconstriction and have reported a 47% increase in contractile response to phenylepherine in rat aorta treated with 100μM O‐(2‐Acetamido‐2‐deoxy‐D‐glucopyranosylidene) amino N‐phenyl carbamate (pugNAc), which selectively increases O‐GlcNAcylation. Co‐immunoprecipitations and western blot analysis demonstrate that PKCα, ‐β, and ‐ε expressed in rat aorta are O‐GlcNAcylated. A selective increase in rat aorta O‐GlcNAc leads to a 139% rise in PKC activity via phosphorylation of PKC specific myristoylated alanine‐rich c kinases (MARCKs). Furthermore, a selective PKC inhibitor (10μM GF109203x) inhibits agonist‐induced contraction in rat aortas treated with pugNAc. In conclusion, O‐GlcNAc augments vasoconstriction by modifying PKC and this post‐translational modification may represent a key regulatory mechanism in the vasculature. Funded by MCG Cardiovascular Discovery Institute.