Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Condition of Coronal Observation at Lijiang Observatory in 2011

The sky brightness is a critical parameter to estimate the coronal observation condition of a site. As part of the site survey project in Western China, we measure the sky brightness continuously at Lijiang Observatory in Yunnan province in 2011. A Sky Brightness Monitor (SBM) is adopted to measure the Sun's nearby sky brightness extending from 4.5 to 7.0 solar radii based on the experience of the Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope (DKIST) site survey. Every month, the data are collected manually in one week at least. We carry on statistics of the sky brightness at four bandpasses located at 450, 530, 890, and 940 nm. The results indicate that the aerosol scattering is of great importance for diurnal variation of the sky brightness. In most of the year, the sky brightness maintains under 20 millionths per airmass before the local noon. On average, the sky brightness under 20 millionths accounts for 40.41 % of the total observing time in a clear day. The best observation time is from 9:00 to 13:00 (Beijing time). Lijiang Observatory is proper for coronagraphs investigating the structures and dynamics of the corona.
Challenges and Opportunities of Managing a Diverse and Inclusive Workforce in Japan

Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate challenges and opportunities of managing a diverse and inclusive workforce in Japan Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: Managing diversity and inclusion in Japan is challenging due to cultural norms, language barriers, and talent shortages. However, it also offers opportunities for innovation and global competitiveness. Initiatives are gaining momentum, supported by government policies, making progress possible despite the obstacles. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Social identity theory, intersectionality theory & inclusive leadership Theory may be used to anchor future studies on challenges and opportunities of managing a diverse and inclusive workforce in Japan. Organizations should move beyond surface-level diversity efforts and implement holistic strategies that address both demographic diversity and cognitive diversity. Implement policies that promote diverse hiring practices.
An Investigation on Selected Factors that Cause Variability in Additive Manufacturing

Additive manufacturing (AM) brings significant freedom in design, yet it can get hard to produce the same part at identical dimensional tolerances; this is also known as the reproducibility problem. Reproducibility, the ability to produce the same part under similar conditions, is one of the major challenges in AM as reproducibility plays an important role in the replacement of worn-out or damaged parts in an assembly. The objective of this paper is to identify the impacts of two most common factors (i.e., layer thickness and printing speed) on the dimensional accuracy of additively manufactured parts through a designed experiment. A fullfactorial experimental design involving these factors at three levels is implemented to investigate them. We printed a dog bone testing specimen by using Poly Lactic Acid (PLA) polymer and Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) technology. The dimensional properties of the parts are then measured to statistically compare the variability in each level to derive significant factors and their levels. The results show that printing speed has a significant effect on deviation in length but has no effect on deviation in height. Also, layer thickness and interaction between layer thickness and printing speed can cause significant variation in height.
Fully Integrated 24-GHz 1TX-2RX Transceiver for Compact FMCW Radar Applications

A fully integrated 24-GHz radar transceiver with one transmitter (TX) and two receivers (RXs) for compact frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar applications is here presented. The FMCW synthesizer was realized using a fractional-N phase-locked loop (PLL) and programmable chirp generator, which are completely integrated in the proposed transceiver. The measured output phase noise of the synthesizer is −80 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz offset. The TX consists of a three-bit bridged t-type attenuator for gain control, a two-stage drive amplifier (DA) and a one-stage power amplifier (PA). The TX chain provides an output power of 13 dBm while achieving <0.5 dB output power variation within the range of 24 to 24.25 GHz. The RX with a direct conversion I-Q structure is composed of a two-stage low noise amplifier (LNA), I-Q generator, mixer, transimpedance amplifier (TIA), a two-stage biquad band pass filter (BPF), and a differential-to-single (DTS) amplifier. The TIA and the BPF employ a DC offset cancellation (DCOC) circuit to suppress the strong reflection signal and TX-RX leakage. The RX chain exhibits an overall gain of 100 dB. The proposed radar transceiver is fabricated using a 65 nm CMOS technology. The transceiver consumes 220 mW from a 1 V supply voltage and has 4.84 mm2 die size including all pads. The prototype FMCW radar is realized with the proposed transceiver and Yagi antenna to verify the radar functionality, such as the distance and angle of targets.
Mobile offshore drilling unit

A mobile offshore drilling unit is described. The mobile offshore drilling unit comprises an operation deck supported above a diving deck by four or more than four columns. The diving deck can be a float deck or a pad type deck. In operation, the ratio of water discharge mount of the mobile offshore drilling unit to the total cross section area of the columns is at least about 40 metric tons/square meter. Two ends of the diving deck are respectively provided with a recess. A propeller unit is disposed in each recess. Propellers in the propeller unit are in a staggering arrangement in a longitudinal direction and a transverse direction.
The Impact of Digital Transformation on the Financial Value of Manufacturing Enterprises—A Case Study of Huawei and Sany

: The paper takes two manufacturing enterprises, Huawei and Sany Heavy Industry, as the research objects, takes the financial reports and relevant data of companies from 2017 to 2021 as the data sources, and studies the impact of digital transformation on the performance of the company's. The research found that digital transformation improves the innovation ability of the company. To some extent, it improves the operation efficiency of the enterprise, expands the income source channel of the enterprise, and improves the business performance of the enterprise. However, it is also found that leading enterprises do not perform in some financial indicators, especially when the external operating environment deteriorated, and the benefits brought by digital transformation cannot completely offset the losses caused by these uncertain factors.
Utilizing Wetlands for Phosphorus Reduction in Great Lakes Watersheds: A Review of Available Literature Examining Soil Properties and Phosphorus Removal Efficiency

Abstract : Excess nutrient loading continues to impact water quality within the Great Lakes. The Great Lakes Restoration Initiative (GLRI) seeks to improve water quality through the reduction of phosphorus inputs from surrounding watersheds. Both natural and constructed wetland ecosystems display the capacity to reduce phosphorus inputs in a variety of agricultural and urban settings. However, maximizing the efficiency and benefits of wetlands for phosphorus reduction requires an understanding of nutrient cycles, soil-nutrient interactions, legacy phosphorus, and other factors. The current report synthesizes existing literature related to wetland phosphorus retention, depicts opportunities for improving water quality outcomes, and identifies opportunities for further research.
Control strategies modeling for robotic exoskeletons facilitating sit-to-stand transitions in geriatric and lower limb impaired

With the growing global aging population, there's been an amplified societal emphasis on preserving the health of the elderly and enhancing their quality of life. In this scenario, robotic exoskeletons have emerged as a cutting-edge solution to assist the elderly and those with lower limb muscle deficiencies in Sit-to-Stand (STS) exercises. These exoskeletons adopt two main approaches: full assistance for those with entirely weakened lower limbs and partial assistance for those with some remaining muscle strength. This article introduces two modeling methods and concepts for these control strategies, aligning with the full and partial assistance directions, respectively. Both approaches hinge on the Lagrange equation as their foundational structure, integrating distinct kinematic designs to form their individual dynamic models. Based on this, the models are further adapted to address the specific risks associated with STS activities as per each strategy. Research outcomes highlight that by assessing the wearer's EMG signal, the partial assistance strategy considerably mitigates the lower limb muscle strength required for STS under conditions such as low-speed, medium-speed, sitback-like, and step-like. This not only improves balance but also augments the likelihood of successful STS execution, consequently diminishing fall incidents.
Assessment of health outcomes for pregnancy mothers over age 40 with a statistical evaluation of newborns in Iraq

Since a few years ago, late pregnancies have been a touchy matter in both society and the medical community. In fact, maternal age has been rising for a number of years, with many of these late pregnancies occurring in women between the ages of 40 and 45. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), maternal mental health is a significant factor in determining the morbidity and mortality of both mothers and their children. Objective: This paper aims to assess of health outcomes for pregnancy mothers over age 40 with a statistical evaluation of newborns in Iraq. Patients and Methods: This study has focused on the assessment of assessment of health outcomes for pregnancy mothers where data were collected from health outcomes for pregnancy mothers in different hospitals in Iraq between 4th July 2021 to 6th January 2022, for pregnancy mothers with ages were <30 years and women with ages >40. These data were divided into two kinds of groups where the first one was considered pregnancy women below 35 years with 40 cases while the second one was represented pregnancy women above 40 years with 50 cases. A statistical study was conducted for health outcomes for pregnancy mothers using the SPSS program. Results and Discussion: In our demographic, women over the age of 40 had much higher rates of parity and gravidity than do those under that age. With their higher BMIs and prenatal weight gain, they experience shorter labor phases and a higher frequency of pregnancy problems such as gestational diabetes and hypertension. According to our paper, maternal age is a distinct risk factor for obstetric and neonatal problems. In fact, gestational diabetes, pre-eclampsia, and gestational hypertension were three of the most prevalent conditions associated with pregnancy that multivariate analysis revealed significant findings for. Moreover, Older women appear to be more likely to experience pregnancy problems such as gestational hypertension and diabetes, as well as greater rates of neonatal clavicle fracture and perinatal mortality and caesarean sections. Conclusion: In conclusion, older women appear to be more likely to experience pregnancy issues such as gestational hypertension and diabetes, as well as perinatal mortality, and to require caesarean sections more frequently. Because of this, it is the responsibility of the obstetrician to educate these women, comfort them, and modify the monitoring of their pregnancies in accordance with the risk factors, the method of conception, and the multifetal gestation.
Student voice for promoting inclusion in primary schools

This paper reports on the ﬁ ndings of a study that involved collaborative action research with primary schools (5 – 11-year-olds) in one city in the South of England. The study focused on exploring how inclusion in schools can be promoted through an engagement with student voice. Data analysed involved detailed lesson observations, ﬁ eldnotes from meetings between teachers and children, interviews with teachers and children and notes from network meetings. The ﬁ ndings of the study suggest that inclusion can be promoted in schools when (1) a dynamic process of making students heard is employed by: using participatory student voice activities; valuing what students say through a process of dialogue; and moving into actions; and (2) when adult mindsets are open to such ideas and make these mindsets explicit through speci ﬁ c behaviours. The paper concludes by arguing that primary school children are not only able to be engaged in such processes, but more importantly, can throw a di ﬀ erent light to collaborative e ﬀ orts to become more inclusive in schools.
Slow acidification of the winter mixed layer in the subarctic western North Pacific

We used carbon dioxide (CO2) system data collected during 1999–2015 to investigate ocean acidification at time series sites in the western subarctic region of the North Pacific Ocean. The annual mean pH at station K2 decreased at a rate of 0.0025 ± 0.0010 year−1 mostly in response to oceanic uptake of anthropogenic CO2. The Revelle factor increased rapidly (0.046 ± 0.022 year−1), an indication that the buffering capacity of this region of the ocean has declined faster than at other time series sites. In the western subarctic region, the pH during the winter decline at a slower rate of 0.0008 ± 0.0004 year−1. This was attributed to a reduced rate of increase of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and an increase of total alkalinity (TA). The reduction of DIC increase was caused by the decline of surface water density associated with the pycnocline depression and the reduction of vertical diffusion flux from the upper pycnocline. These physical changes were probably caused by northward shrinkage of the western subarctic gyre and global warming. Meanwhile, the contribution of the density decline to the TA increase is canceled out by that of the reduced vertical diffusive flux. We speculated that the winter TA increase is caused mainly by the accumulation of TA due to the weakened calcification by organisms during the winter.
The lunar surface temperature real-time model

国外相关研究结果表明，月球表面的光度学稳定度可达10–8/年，是自由空间内稳定的辐射参考源，可用于星载遥感仪器的外定标。 与基于地球表面目标观测的在轨定标方法相比，最大的优势在于在轨月球观测信息中没有大气辐射的贡献，大气窗区和非窗区处理方式几乎一致。 同时，作为整体发射率稳定的自然天体，月球表面的温度范围在90—390 K之间，完全满足通常对地观测探测的动态范围要求。 月球复杂的表面辐射特性，是制约对月定标技术发展的主要原因之一。 月球表面辐射特性与月表发射率、月表温度密切相关。 月表温度分布是月球重要的热物理参数之一，是月球表面热演化模型的必要边界条件，同时也是研究月球表面发射谱的关键参数。 获取月表温度的方法大致可以分为两大类：直接测量温度数据和建立物理模型预测。 直接测量温度数据又可以细分为下面3种方法：地基遥感测量、绕月探测卫星遥感测量、登陆月球直接测量表面温度。 地基观测的空间分辨率很低，只能反映出一大片区域的平均温度；另外两种方法花费巨大，且不能对全月的温度变化进行长期的观测。 月表温度物理模型基于热传导理论，结合月壤样本的热物理参数，将月球当成半无限固体，根据Stefan-Boltzmann定律和能量守恒定律，得到月表物理温度和太阳辐照度、月球内部热流的关系。 太阳辐照度是月表温度分布的最重要的因素。 本文以天文计算为基础，准确描述月表有效太阳辐照度与太阳常数、太阳辐射入射角以及日月距离之间的关系，建立一个可以计算任意时刻、任意经纬度坐标点的月表温度模型，从而有助于准确描述月表辐射特性。 与风云二号G星的观测结果对比，该模型可以准确描述月相的变化。 阿波罗15号首次开展了一系列探索月球的科学试验，其中在登月点附近开展的月表热流试验是ALSEP(Apollo Lunar Surface Experiments Package)的重要组成部分。 月表热流试验提供了登月点附近长时间的月表温度数据，通过与阿波罗15号实测数据进行对比，当太阳高度角大于0°时，该模型可以准确描述月球表面的温度变化；当太阳高度角在一定范围内时，模型的温度误差在1 K以内。
Harvesting Thermal Energy through Pyroelectric and Thermoelectric Nanomaterials for Catalytic Applications

The current scenario sees over 60% of primary energy being dissipated as waste heat directly into the environment, contributing significantly to energy loss and global warming. Therefore, low-grade waste heat harvesting has been long considered a critical issue. Pyroelectric (PE) materials utilize temperature oscillation to generate electricity, while thermoelectric (TE) materials convert temperature differences into electrical energy. Nanostructured PE and TE materials have recently gained prominence as promising catalysts for converting thermal energy directly into chemical energy in a green manner. This short review provides a summary and comparison of catalytic processes initiated by PE and TE effects driven by waste thermal energy. The discussion covers fundamental principles and reaction mechanisms, followed by the introduction of representative examples of PE and TE nanomaterials in various catalytic fields, including water splitting, organic synthesis, air purification, and biomedical applications. Finally, the review addresses challenges and outlines future prospects in this emerging field.
Effectiveness of Nonpharmacological Behavioural Interventions in Managing Dental Fear and Anxiety among Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background: Non-pharmacological behavioural interventions (NPBIs) have been employed by dentists to alleviate dental fear and anxiety (DFA) among preschool and school children. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the effectiveness of different NPBIs in reducing DFA among children aged below 12. Method: A comprehensive search was conducted using four electronic databases to identify randomised controlled trials that assess the effectiveness of NPBIs among preschool and school children. Two reviewers independently screened and selected the relevant studies, evaluated the risk of bias, and extracted relevant data for qualitative and quantitative syntheses. Result: A total of 66 articles were included in the study. Except during more invasive dental procedures, the use of distraction techniques was found to result in significantly lower self-rated anxiety, better cooperation, and lower pulse rate compared to the tell–show–do method. However, inconsistent results were reported regarding the efficacy of virtual reality, modelling, visual pedagogies, tell–show–do and other NPBIs in reducing DFA among children. Conclusions: The studies exhibited substantial heterogeneity due to varying age groups, methods of implementing NPBIs, dental treatments performed, and measurement scales employed in the evaluation of DFA.
Aromatherapeutic Antibacterials: Comparative Study of 40 Essential Oils and Their Biofilm Inhibition in Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC9027

Growing evidence suggests that biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) results from quorum sensing, reducing bacterial sensitivity to antibiotics and fostering the development of antibiotic-resistant strains. Addressing the need for a compound that can inhibit quorum sensing signals to mitigate biofilm formation in PA, this study screened 40 essential oils for their potential as quorum sensing inhibitors against PA ATCC9027. Utilizing the agar well diffusion assay, the antibacterial activity of these essential oils was compared with levofloxacin, revealing that 25 out of 40 essential oils exhibited antibacterial activity against PA ATCC9027. The highest antibacterial activity was exhibited by essential oils from Cinnamomum burmannii (Cinnamon Bark Oil), Cananga odorata (Ylang-ylang Oil), and Eucalyptus globulus (Eucalyptus Oil), confirmed by respective MIC values of 0.09765% (v/v), 0.390625% (v/v), and 1.5625% (v/v), and MBC values of 0.09765% (v/v), > 1.5625% (v/v), and > 1.5625% (v/v). Growth curve inhibition assay followed by crystal violet biofilm formation assay revealed that only Ylang-ylang Oil exhibited biofilm formation inhibition at 1/4 MIC concentration. Docking analysis of compounds from these essential oils against quorum sensing enzymes (LasR, PqsR, and QscR) revealed that Ylang-ylang Oil compounds exhibited the highest binding affinity. In conclusion, among the 40 essential oils tested, 25 show potential as antibacterials against PA ATCC9027, with Ylang-ylang Oil standing out as a promising candidate for quorum sensing inhibitor development. The use and development of quorum sensing inhibitors from Ylang-ylang Oil compounds are expected to reduce the burden of antibiotic resistance, especially in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Assessment of quality of life for affected women singleton pregnancies in Iraq and the diagnosis of pregnancy complications

Uterine rupture occurs when the integrity of the uterine wall is lost. The most common risk factor is having had previous uterine surgery, such as a caesarean section. Uterine rupture is not very frequent, but it is a complication of pregnancy or childbirth that in more serious cases (complete or catastrophic uterine rupture) can cause death of both mother and fetus. Objective: This paper aims to study the assessment of quality of life for affected women singleton pregnancies in Iraq and the diagnosis of pregnancy complications. Patients and Methods: In this study, a descriptive cross-sectional study was applied to study assessment of quality of life for affected women singleton pregnancies in Iraq and the diagnosis of pregnancy complications from 4th July 2021 to 11th June 2022. Data were collected for 90 patients different hospitals in Iraq, where the patients were divided into two groups, the first group of patients, which included women singleton pregnancies patient which included (50), and the second group, control group, which include (40) patients. A statistical study was conducted for women singleton pregnancies patient using the SPSS program. Results and Discussion: Uterine rupture occurs when the uterus ruptures because of pressure during pregnancy, labor or delivery. The uterus can rupture in some or all of its layers, compromising the oxygen supply to the fetus and causing severe bleeding in the mother. Also, Uterine rupture occurs most frequently along the scar line in women who have had previous caesarean sections. Other predisposing factors include congenital uterine abnormalities, trauma and other surgical procedures, and other surgical procedures such as myomectomy or open maternal-fetal surgery where This study relied on the Apgar score distribution of women singleton pregnancies patient, where it was divided into two types of degree and Apgar 5 min < 5 and contained 15 with 30% for the group of women singleton pregnancies patient, but the control group included 27 with 67.5% while Apgar 1 min < 5 was 35 and 70% for the singleton pregnancies patient group and 13, which represented 32.5% with the total number of cases. Conclusion: The incidence of uterine rupture is increasing due to the increase in vaginal deliveries after previous cesarean sections. Our study concludes that the control group was more successful and superior to singleton pregnancies patient group, as a result of what the results of the study showed in evaluating the patients' quality of life as well as the complications affecting both groups.
A Model for Mass Transport Across the Sediment‐Water Interface

Molecular diffusion, dispersion, and turbulent diffusion can all contribute to the transport of mass across the sediment‐water interface (SWI). Flow observations across the SWI are critical in the description of these transport processes but are currently very limited as the sediment bed is inaccessible in most experimental approaches. We overcome this constraint by combining refractive‐index matching (RIM) with particle‐tracking velocimetry (PTV). Using measurements of the flow dynamics across the SWI, we propose a mechanistic model that describes the interfacial mass transport over a wide and relevant parameter space. We show there are three transport regimes where molecular, dispersive, or turbulent transport dominates the mass flux of a passive tracer across the SWI. Transitions between these regimes are defined by the permeability Reynolds number ReK=Ku∗/ν , where K is the sediment permeability, u∗ is the shear velocity, and ν is the fluid viscosity. In the molecular regime ( ReK≤O(0.01) ), mass transport is described by the molecular diffusion coefficient (D). In both the dispersive ( O(0.01)