Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High reliability lithium rechargeable batteries for specialties

Since their development in the late 1980s, lithium rechargeable batteries have enjoyed rapid growth and wide use as a commodity battery known for its higher energy density storage and lightweight convenience. These same attributes are emerging as a strong platform in power source development for the medical and aerospace sectors with highly customized applications and narrowly defined criteria. Accordingly, this new generation of lithium rechargeables must be hermetically sealed, have long-term storage capability, and zero-fault tolerances for common causes of field failures such as electrolyte leakage or short circuits from mechanical deformation. Quallion has been developing and manufacturing highly reliable lithium rechargeable cells for medical, aerospace, and specialty applications. Summarized in this paper are some key technologies developed at Quallion for designing and manufacturing of this new class of lithium rechargeable batteries. They include: 1) leakage reliability; 2) self-extinguishing electrolyte system; 3) mechanical impact resistance; 4) deep discharge storage; and 5) high reliability manufacturing.
Real time remote management for home network system using bio-physical sensor

This study was realized the home network system for home care by bio-physical sensor system, to convey for the remote physical signal. The composition condition has four functions of displacement point for a Vision, Somatosensory, Vestibular and CNS that the basic measurement used to a Heart Rate, Temperature, Weight. Physical signal are decided to search a max and min point with adjustment of 0.01 unit in the reference level. There were checked physical condition of body balance to compounded a physical neuroceptor of sensory organ for the measurement such as a Vision, Somatosensory, Vestibular, CNS, BMI. There are to check a health care condition through a combination of physical organ with a posturography of a exercise. The service of home network system can be used to support health care management system through health assistants in health care center and central health care system. It was expected to monitor a physical parameter for the remote control health management system.
Random yield and coordination mechanisms of a supply chain with emergency backup sourcing

This paper considers a supply chain in which a buyer purchases finished items from a contracting supplier to satisfy a stochastic market demand, where the supplier’s production is subject to random yield. We assume that the buyer can make up the shortage by sourcing from an emergency backup supplier. We develop two Stackelberg game models, i.e. buyer-Stackelberg (BS) model and supplier-Stackelberg (SS) model, and find that the decentralised BS model results in a higher stocking factor of supplier’s input than the decentralised SS model. Compared with BS model, the buyer in SS model performs more explicit order plan, and we find that only when the actual yield of the supplier is insufficient, the buyer would use emergency backup sourcing to make up the shortage. When the manufacturing operation of the supplier is in the good state, the buyer only orders a certain amount and has some leftover. When the actual yield of the supplier is moderate, the buyer uses up every item produced from the supplier regardless of the yield rate. Comparing both channel structures, SS operation is a more effective way of controlling both inventory cost and backup sourcing cost, and it can be beneficial for each player as well as for the whole channel. Finally, we develop the coordination mechanism for each channel to investigate the issues of risk handling and risk sharing for uncertain demand and uncertain yield.
An overview of the EMC requirements in RTCA/DO-160D

RTC/DO-160D, Environmental Conditions and Test Procedures for Airborne Equipment, defines a series of minimum standard environmental test conditions (categories) and applicable test procedures for airborne equipment. The purpose of these tests is to provide a laboratory means of determining the performance characteristics of airborne equipment in environmental conditions representative of those which may be encountered in airborne operation of the equipment. This paper provides an overview of the electromagnetic compatibility requirements in RTCA/DO-160D. Future directions and changes to DO-160D is also discussed from the author's perspective as a member of RTCA/Special Committee 135, which is responsible for producing DO-160D.
Analysis of strain induced in piezoelectric actuated beams

Piezoelectric actuated smart systems are becoming increasingly popular. The proper selection and application of the adhesive bonds between the piezoceramic and the substrate play an important role in maximizing the strain transfer from the piezoceramic to the substrate. Detailed finite element models are developed in this study to model the strain transfer from the piezo actuator to the substrate through a finite thickness adhesive layer. A 2D nine model Lagrangian finite element has been used for this purpose. The finite element results are compared with the existing 1D analytical models and the limitations of the analytical models are brought out. A comprehensive set of results for various values of the shear lag parameter are presented for both extension and bending type actuation.
The direct and contingency effects of supplier coordination and customer coordination on quality and flexibility performance

In today's highly competitive environment, a goal-oriented supply chain needs coordination to manage the interdependent activities of supply chain partners. The role of coordination mechanisms is critical in achieving supply chain performance. We thus suggest that supplier coordination and customer coordination influence performance, operationalised in this paper under two dimensions, e.g., quality and flexibility. Moreover, drawing on contingency theory, we suggest that the relationships are contingent upon factors such as firm size and clockspeed. Using empirical data collected from 197 production/operations managers of Chinese manufacturing firms, a regression analysis approach is employed to test the theoretical framework. The results provide support for the four direct and positive relationships between each coordination mechanism studied and quality and flexibility performance. The interaction between supplier coordination and size was directly and positively related to quality performance (large size effect). However, the interaction between customer coordination and size was directly and negatively related to flexibility performance (small size effect). The interaction between supplier coordination and clockspeed was directly and positively related to only flexibility performance. Implications for managers and academics and suggestions for future research are offered.
Optimal design of DC voltage close loop control for an active power filter

An optimal design method of DC voltage closed loop control for an active power filter is presented in this paper. Based on the analysis of instantaneous power characteristics for harmonic and reactive currents as well as the ITAE criterion, a small signal optimization model with stability constraints is established. The optimal design results of PI parameters by employing a discrete optimal algorithm are verified through computer simulation, and the results show that the optimal design approach results in a noticeable improvement in the transient performance of the filter system. <<ETX>>
The impact of JIT on capacity management: A case study and analysis

This article describes the production planning and control techniques used at Verbatim Computer Disk Company in Charlotte, NC. The factory operates by management policy on a 24 hours-per-day, 7 days-per-week, 363 days-peryear, basis as if it were a process industry. Production of discrete units, computer disks, follows repetitive manufacturing methods including the implementation of just-in-time JIT methods into an existing material requirements planning MRP system. Production is based on the actual customer orders received from Marketing for disks from both US customers and international markets. Marketing uses price adjustments in coordination with Production Planning to ensure the factories operate at 100 capacity and within predefined inventory levels. This article discusses the relationship between Marketing and Manufacturing which allows for the attainment of a process industry-like economies of scale for a line of discrete products. Key characteristics of the production planning and control system .
The frequency variation of response errors in fixed and floating point FIR filters

The form of the expected variations in frequency response errors due to coefficient quantisation have been derived for both fixed and floating point coefficient representations. Deviations from the otherwise constant 'white' error response occur because of symmetries in the impulse response. The deviations take the form of peaks or nulls at low or high limits of the frequency range depending on filter order and the type of symmetry. Quantitative information on the height, location and frequency domain extent of these deviations is provided. Awareness of these phenomena can be of interest to the filter designer when assessing the wordlength suitability of a processor architecture for implementing a given filter specification without prior knowledge of the filter coefficients. >
Detecting Tower Crane with Multi-Features

In this paper, we present a new algorithm for tower crane detection in images with multi-feature analysis. The image will be segmented into several objects first, and then for each object, its color, texture and geometric features are extracted, and at last, all features extracted are fed to a trained SVM to generate the final judgment. Experiments show that our algorithm can detect tower crane in images with high recall and precision.
Robustness and Control of a Magnetically Levitated Transportation System

ROBUSTNESS AND CONTROL OF A MAGNETICALLY LEVITATED TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM Grzegorz Oleszczuk Old Dominion University, 2006 Director: Thomas E. Alberts Electromagnetic suspension of Magnetic Levitation Vehicles (Maglev) has been studied for many years as an alternative to wheel-on rail transportation systems. In this work, design and implementation of control systems for a Maglev laboratory experiment and a Maglev vehicle under development at Old Dominion University are described. Both plants are modeled and simulated with consideration of issues associated with system non-linearity, structural flexibility and electromagnetic force modeling. Discussion concerning different control strategies, namely centralized and decentralized approaches are compared and contrasted in this work. Different types of electromagnetic non-linearities are considered and described to establish a convenient method for modeling such a system. It is shown how a Finite Element structural model can be incorporated into the system to obtain transfer function notation. Influence of the dynamic interaction between the Maglev track and the Maglev vehicle is discussed and supported by both analytical results and theoretical examples. Finally, several control laws designed to obtain stable and robust levitation are explored in detail. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.
Bagehot for Beginners: The Making of Lender‐of‐Last‐Resort Operations in the Mid‐Nineteenth Century

In this article we develop new tools to survey the development of lending-of-last-resort operations in the mid-nineteenth century. One finding is that free lending and extensive liquidity support against good collateral developed gradually after 1847, and was already a fact of life before Bagehot published Lombard Street. Another is that the extension of the Bank of England's lender-of-last-resort function went along with a reduction of its exposure to default risks, in contrast with accounts that have associated lending of last resort with moral hazard. Finally, we provide a new interpretation of the 'high rates' advocated by Bagehot. We suggest they were meant to prevent banks from free-riding on the safety offered by the central bank, and were aimed at forcing them to keep lending during crises so as to maintain a critical degree of liquidity in the money market.
Evolutionary Prisoner's Dilemma in updating fuzzy linguistic model to damp power system oscillations

This study presents a novel technique to extract and update the rules of fuzzy linguistic model (FLM). The interrelations between inputs and outputs of a FLM are assigned using payoff matrix through Prisoner's Dilemma (PD). These interrelations are updated by updating the payoff matrix through Evolutionary Algorithm based PD to propose Evolutionary Algorithm based fuzzy Prisoner's Dilemma linguistic model (FPDLM). The effect of evolutionary algorithm based FPDLM as power system stabiliser is tested on single machine infinite bus system and also multi machine system.
2.16 Digitalisierung und ihre Einflüsse auf den Umgang mit alten wie neuen ‚Briefen‘ in deutscher wie internationaler Perspektive

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.
A New Method of Central Axis Extracting for Pore Network Modeling in Rock Engineering

Characterizing internal microscopic structures of porous media is of vital importance to simulate fluid and electric current flow. Compared to traditional rock mechanics and geophysical experiments, digital core and pore network modeling is attracting more interests as it can provide more details on rock microstructure with much less time needed. The axis extraction algorithm, which has been widely applied for pore network modeling, mainly consists of a reduction and burning algorithm. However, the commonly used methods in an axis extraction algorithm have the disadvantages of complex judgment conditions and relatively low operating efficiency, thus losing the practicality in application to large-scale pore structure simulation. In this paper, the updated algorithm proposed by Palágyi and Kuba was used to perform digital core and pore network modeling. Firstly, digital core was reconstructed by using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method based on the binary images of a rock cutting plane taken from heavy oil reservoir sandstone. The digital core accuracy was verified by comparing porosity and autocorrelation function. Then, we extracted the central axis of the digital pore space and characterize structural parameters through geometric transformation technology and maximal sphere method. The obtained geometric parameters were further assigned to the corresponding nodes of pore and throat on the central axis of the constructed model. Moreover, the accuracy of the new developed pore network model was measured by comparing pore/throat parameters, curves of mercury injection, and oil-water relative permeability. The modeling results showed that the new developed method is generally effective for digital core and pore network simulation. Meanwhile, the more homogeneity of the rock, which means the stronger “representative” of binary map the rock cutting plane, the more accurate simulated results can be obtained.
Characteristics of LSM combined propulsion, levitation and guidance

In commercializing the superconducting maglev system, it is important to reduce the cost, especially that of ground coils installed all along the guideway. The ground coils designed for Yamanashi test track under construction are composed of both octagonal-shaped null-flux coils for EDS (Electrodynamic Suspension) and double-layered armature coils of LSM (Linear Synchronous Motor). The former reduces the magnetic drag of the running resistance, and the latter reduces the electromagnetic fluctuation in the superconducting coils. In addition, the octagonal-shaped coils can generate propulsion force by being connected to the power supply. This system can generate levitation force, guidance force and propulsion force by the same ground coils. Therefore this system is expected to reduce the cost of ground coils, the number of which is decreased. This paper presents the principle and analytical formula of the combined propulsion, levitation and guidance system (PLG system), including one for angles. In addition, using numerical examples, the characteristics of this system are expressed.
Further Exploration of Terrestrial Vegetation Response(s) to ENSO Variability Using a Mechanistic Vegetation Simulation Model

The need for analysis of terrestrial vegetation interactions and interannual climate variability such as the ENSO is paramount as terrestrial vegetation is an important boundary condition for the climate system, and is the primary interactive surface for the atmosphere. Contemporary investigations have been focusing on non-synergistic investigations to approach this within the Earth System bar a few. A complete understanding of these interconnective processes within the Earth System is impossible without the synergistic approach involving the incorporation of remotely sensed data. This paper follows on the research of Manobavan et al. (2003), who using a synergistic approach showed/hypothesised that terrestrial South American vegetation may have become resilient to interannual climatic perturbations by the El Ni駉 Southern Oscillation (ENSO). This paper further explores this possibility via simulations performed using the Hybrid Version 4.1, which was conditioned to incorporate ENSO related climatic variability. The results of this simulation modelling exercise support this hypothesis and show that the interannual perturbations such as the ENSO enhance the homeostatic property of the system rather than hinder it within its geophysiological limits. Moreover, this paper combines modelling and geophysiology thus attempting to provide a 'holistic' mechanistic explanation to the speculated behaviour of the terrestrial vegetation under perturbation by the ENSO.
Correlations Between Frequency Content Indicators of Strong Ground Motions and PGV

The frequency content of ground motions seems to be one of the most important parameters to explain the structural damage experienced during worldwide strong earthquakes. The frequency content of ground motions can be characterized by various stochastic and/or deterministic indicators: the frequency bandwidth indicator ϵ (Cartwright & Longuet-Higgins) related to the power spectral density function and, respectively, the control (corner) period Tc of the structural response spectra or the mean period TM . Peak ground velocity (PGV) and the ratio PGA/PGV can be used as either damage potential parameters or frequency content indicators. A comparative analysis of stochastic and deterministic frequency content indicators and of PGV is applied to a set of 30 strong ground motion records having peak ground acceleration (PGA) from 0.2–0.8 g and recorded on 4 continents during the last 70 years.
A nano-power energy harvesting IC for arrays of piezoelectric transducers

This paper describes a multi-source energy harvester IC for arrays of independent transducers, designed in a 0. 32μm STMicroelectronics BCD technology, that can manage up to 5 AC-DC channels (e.g. piezoelectric transducers). The IC implements a boost converter based on synchronous electrical charge extraction. A single external inductor is time-shared among all transducers and access conflicts are handled by an arbiter circuit implemented as an asynchronous FSM. The designed converter is fully autonomous and suitable for battery-less operation. The circuit area is 4.6 mm2 and has a power consumption of 175 nW/source at 2.5 V while efficiency ranges between 70% and over than 85%.
Doing Mathematics

Learning mathematics is a way of acting. Mathematics is something that you do, not just something you know. Yet what it means to do mathematics can depend upon the norms and sociomathematical norms in each classroom. In turn, what it means to do mathematics in a classroom affects what it means to be a student or a teacher of mathematics. This doing of mathematics can be about communicating and problem solving, or it can be about remembering and knowing. Similarly, what it means to explain, argue, or justify varies between classrooms and the opportunities for students to do mathematics are constrained by what it means to do mathematics in each and every mathematics classroom.
Trade-Off Analysis among Multiple Water Uses in a Hydropower System: Case of Sao Francisco River Basin, Brazil

AbstractThis paper evaluates the impacts of multiple water uses on the operation of a system of existing reservoirs that originally were designed for hydropower generation. The research reported in this paper utilizes a nonlinear optimization model, developed to optimize hydropower production for a system of interconnected reservoirs. This model was modified to include water withdrawals for consumptive uses. The formulated multiobjective optimization problem is solved by employing the weighting method. The formulation considers water allocation policy for consumptive uses and individual hydropower plants. By parametrically varying the weighting coefficients, the tradeoff relationship (Pareto front) between hydropower generation and water demand for consumptive uses was traced out. The modified model is applied to the Sao Francisco River Basin in Brazil, where there are several hydropower plants in operation with a total installed capacity of 10.7 GW. The river basin is an important agricultural land that .