Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pattern search algorithms for mixed variable general constrained optimization problems

Abstract : A new class of algorithms for solving nonlinearly constrained mixed variable optimization problems is presented The Audet-Dennis Generalized Pattern Search (GPS) algorithm for bound constrained mixed variable optimization problems is extended to problems with general nonlinear constraints by incorporating a filter in which new iterates are accepted whenever they decrease the incumbent objective function value or constraint violation function value Additionally, the algorithm can exploit any available derivative information (or rough approximation thereof) to speed convergence without sacrificing the flexibility often employed by GPS methods to find better local optima. In generalizing existing GPS algorithms, the new theoretical convergence results presented here reduce seamlessly to existing results for more specific classes of problems. While no local continuity or smoothness assumptions are made, a hierarchy of theoretical convergence results is given, in which the assumptions dictate what can be proved about certain limit points of the algorithm. A new Matlab software package was developed to implement these algorithms. Numerical results are provided for several nonlinear optimization problems from the CUTE test set.
A note on consistency conditions on dimer models (Higher Dimensional Algebraic Geometry)

We show that for a non-degenerate dimer model, both the first consistency condition of Mozgovoy and Reineke and the properly-orderedness condition of Gulotta are equivalent to a condition on zigzag paths, which goes back to Hanany and Vegh. The last condition is used in arXiv:0905.0059 to study the behavior of a dimer model under the operation of removing a vertex from the lattice polygon and taking the convex hull of the rest.
CSR and performance of listed companies in kerala: An empirical analysis

Companies protecting the interest of stakeholders in social performance and there is compulsion on these companies to report their social responsible activities and practices for getting the support from the public. Some organizations in Kerala published the report on their social activities in their websites also. These type of initiatives will boost the performance of companies in the market. This study focused studying the association between CSR and performance of Kerala based companies. Here, multiple regression and correlation approach has been used to know the relationship between financial performance and CSR initiatives of the companies in Kerala. Results of this study shows that there is association between CSR and Sales of Kerala companies and financial progressive companies are willing to invest in CSR also. So it is concluded that more companies will come forward for CSR initiatives in Kerala.
Numerical Analysis of Two-Grid Block-Centered Finite Difference Method for Two-Phase Flow in Porous Medium

In this paper, a two-grid block-centered ﬁnite difference method for the incompressible miscible displacement in porous medium is introduced and analyzed, which is to solve a nonlinear equation on coarse mesh space of size H and a linear equation on ﬁne grid of size h . We establish the full discrete two-grid block-centered ﬁnite difference scheme on a uniform grid. The error estimates for the pressure, Darcy velocity, concentration variables are derived, which show that the discrete L 2 error is O ( ∆ t + h 2 + H 4 ) . Finally, two numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness and accuracy of our algorithm.
Identificación de Flavobacterium psychrophilum en alevines de "trucha arco iris" (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Distrito de Huanta. Ayacucho 2019

Flavobacterium psycrophilum causa la enfermedad de las aguas frías o síndrome del alevín de la trucha. El trabajo de investigación se desarrolló en el Laboratorio del Área Académica de Microbiología y Laboratorio de Embriología, Histología y Patología Veterinaria. Sección de Ictiopatología. Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, con el objetivo de identificar Flavobacterium psychrophilum en alevines de "trucha arco iris” (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Distrito de Huanta. El estudio fue de tipo no experimental, descriptivo transversal, la población estuvo conformada por todos los alevines del Centro de Producción de la Empresa Nutrimento JANA SAC, ubicado en la comunidad de Razuhuillca del Distrito de Huanta, el muestreo utilizado según el código sanitario para los animales acuáticos fue el muestreo especifico. Se utilizaron técnicas microbiológicas como el aislamiento de microorganismos en medio Flavobacterium, pruebas bioquímicas de orientación y la identificación molecular a través de la técnica de Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa (PCR). Respecto a los resultados las características fenotípicas de alevinos de “trucha arco iris” presentaron pigmentación oscura en la piel, cambio de color en los riñones y bazo inflamado, en la caracterización fenotípica de las colonias se obtuvieron colonias amarillas, brillantes y mucoides, dentro de las pruebas bioquímicas de orientación las colonias resultaron ser bacterias Gram negativas, catalasa y oxidasa positiva. La confirmación por la técnica de PCR mostro la banda 971pb indicando positivo para Flavobacterium psychrophilum; con lo que se confirma la presencia de esta bacteria en los alevines de la “trucha arco iris”.
Venom Variation of Neonate and Adult Chinese Cobras in Captivity concerning Their Foraging Strategies

The venom and transcriptome profile of the captive Chinese cobra (Naja atra) is not characterized until now. Here, LC-MS/MS and illumine technology were used to unveil the venom and trascriptome of neonates and adults N. atra specimens. In captive Chinese cobra, 98 co-existing transcripts for venom-related proteins was contained. A total of 127 proteins belong to 21 protein families were found in the profile of venom. The main components of snake venom were three finger toxins (3-FTx), snake venom metalloproteinase (SVMP), cysteine-rich secretory protein (CRISP), cobra venom factor (CVF), and phosphodiesterase (PDE). During the ontogenesis of captive Chinese cobra, the rearrangement of snake venom composition occurred and with obscure gender difference. CVF, 3-FTx, PDE, phospholipase A2 (PLA2) in adults were more abundant than neonates, while SVMP and CRISP in the neonates was richer than the adults. Ontogenetic changes in the proteome of Chinese cobra venom reveals different strategies for handling prey. The levels of different types of toxin families were dramatically altered in the wild and captive specimens. Therefore, we speculate that the captive process could reshape the snake venom composition vigorously. The clear comprehension of the composition of Chinese cobra venom facilitates the understanding of the mechanism of snakebite intoxication and guides the preparation and administration of traditional antivenom and next-generation drugs for snakebite.
Cellular Lipids—Hijacked Victims of Viruses

Over the millions of years-long co-evolution with their hosts, viruses have evolved plenty of mechanisms through which they are able to escape cellular anti-viral defenses and utilize cellular pathways and organelles for replication and production of infectious virions. In recent years, it has become clear that lipids play an important role during viral replication. Viruses use cellular lipids in a variety of ways throughout their life cycle. They not only physically interact with cellular membranes but also alter cellular lipid metabolic pathways and lipid composition to create an optimal replication environment. This review focuses on examples of how different viruses exploit cellular lipids in different cellular compartments during their life cycles.
The Prospects of Domestic Tourism in Post-Covid Nepal: Connecting the Missing Dots

Nepal has experienced challenges in developing its international tourism business during Covid-19 and domestic tourism has not yet been considered a viable alternative to the allure of foreign travel in Nepal. There are no statistics on domestic tourism in Nepal. Worldwide, domestic tourism has been sought as an alternative to revive the tourism industry during a pandemic, and the Ministry of Tourism and Nepal Tourism Board is implementing strategies and plans to promote domestic tourism in Nepal. This study aims to investigate the potential of domestic tourism in Nepal from the perspective of domestic tourists. The study is qualitative in nature and has used an online survey from May to June 2020. Data has been analyzed thematically using SPSS, MS-Excel, and descriptive statistics. This study attempts to connect the dots by focusing on domestic tourism and tourist destinations in Nepal in accordance with respondents’ opinions. The findings reveal that the tourism industry can potentially be revitalized by domestic tourism. A high percentage of respondents indicated that the Covid lockdown has floored the tourism sector however, they are highly motivated to travel domestically rather than overseas despite the travel restrictions. To summarize, the potentiality of domestic tourism to strengthen the tourism industry should be further explored, and the absence of strategies and policies, travel restrictions, lack of provision of tourism infrastructure, and safety protocol are barriers to the flourishment of domestic tourism.
Riemannian foliations on simply connected manifolds and actions of tori on orbifolds

1.1. We first give a typical example where tori actions on orbifolds arise naturally. Let H be a connected subgroup of the Lie group of isometries of an orientable Riemannian manifold Y. Let us assume that H acts locally freely on Y. Then the orbits under H of the points of Y are the leaves of a Riemannian foliation on Y. Assume that the closure H of H is compact. Let K be a maximal compact subgroup of H. As the Lie algebra of H is a compact Lie algebra ([Bki], Chap. IX), this maximal compact subgroup is unique, hence invariant in H. The quotient group_L =_H/K is a dense abelian contractible subgroup of the compact group L H/K which must be isomorphic to a torus TN of dimension N. The action of K on Y is also locally free; hence the orbits under K are the fibers of a generalized Seifert fibration on Y (i.e. a foliation whose leaves are compact with finite holonomy); its base space is naturally an oriented orbifold X whose underlying topological space is Y/K. The torus TN= /K acts effectively on X and the restriction of this action to the dense subgroup L is locally free. The orbits under L are the leaves of a foliation -x on X, and the foliation is the pull back of -x by the projection p of Y on X. Conversely, given an action of a torus T on an orientable orbifold X of dimension n (see 3.1 and 3.2) and a dense contractible subgroup L of Tv
Impact of the Assimilation of Non-Precipitating Echoes Reflectivity Data on the Short-Term Numerical Forecast of SisPI

: The research carries out an evaluation of the 3DVAR method with different options for the assimilation of reflectivity data, which are applied to the SisPI system with the purpose of 10 determining which scheme presents the best results in the short-term numerical weather 11 prediction. For this, data from 6 meteorological radars with coverage over a domain with 3km of 12 spatial resolution are used, using the indirect method with (3DVAR-NoRain) and without 13 (3DVAR) activate an option to also consider null-echoes of reflectivity without presence of 14 precipitation. As a test case, the cold front that affected Cuba on December 10 th , 2018 is taken.
Growth mechanism for epitaxial graphene on vicinal 6H-SiC(0001) surfaces

The inability to grow large well ordered graphene with a specific number of layers on SiC(0001) is well known. The growth involves several competing processes (Si desorption, carbon diffusion, island nucleation etc.), and because of the high temperatures, it has not been possible to identify the growth mechanism. Using Scanning tunneling microscopy and an initially vicinal 6H-SiC(0001) sample, we determine the sequence of microscopic processes that result in the formation of bilayer graphene. Adjacent steps retract with different speeds and the carbon released produces characteristic "fingers" when a step of higher speed catches up with a slower moving step. These processes are based on different rates of Si desorption from steps and can be avoided if faster heating rates are used. We also show that faster rates lead to single layer graphene films extending over many microns.
Polyphenols–Gut–Heart: An Impactful Relationship to Improve Cardiovascular Diseases

A healthy gut provides the perfect habitat for trillions of bacteria, called the intestinal microbiota, which is greatly responsive to the long-term diet; it exists in a symbiotic relationship with the host and provides circulating metabolites, hormones, and cytokines necessary for human metabolism. The gut–heart axis is a novel emerging concept based on the accumulating evidence that a perturbed gut microbiota, called dysbiosis, plays a role as a risk factor in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Consequently, recovery of the gut microbiota composition and function could represent a potential new avenue for improving patient outcomes. Despite their low absorption, preclinical evidence indicates that polyphenols and their metabolites are transformed by intestinal bacteria and halt detrimental microbes’ colonization in the host. Moreover, their metabolites are potentially effective in human health due to antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer effects. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the causal role of gut dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, hypertension, and heart failure; to discuss the beneficial effects of polyphenols on the intestinal microbiota, and to hypothesize polyphenols or their derivatives as an opportunity to prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases by shaping gut eubiosis.
Dual Antimelanogenic Effect of Nicotinamide-Stabilized Phloretin Nanocrystals in Larval Zebrafish

Melanin is a kind of dark insoluble pigment that can cause pigmentation and free-radical clearance, inducing melasma, freckles, and chloasma, affecting the quality of life of patients. Due to poor water solubility and low safety, the absorption of poorly water-soluble drugs is limited by the hinderance of a skin barrier. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new, safe, and highly efficient drugs to improve their transdermal absorption efficiency and thus to inhibit the production of melanin. To address these issues, we developed a new nicotinamide (NIC)-stabilized phloretin nanocrystals (PHL-NCs). First, NC technology significantly increased the solubility of PHL. The in vitro release results indicated that at 6 h, the dissolution of the PHL-NIC-NCs was 101.39% ± 2.40% and of the PHL-NCs was 84.92% ± 4.30%, while that of the physical mixture of the two drugs was only 64.43% ± 0.02%. Second, NIC acted not only as a stabilizer to enlarge the storage time of PHL-NIC-NCs (improved to 10-day in vitro stability) but also as a melanin transfer inhibitor to inhibit melanin production. Finally, we verified the melanin inhibition effect of PHL-NIC-NCs evaluated by the zebrafish model. It showed that 0.38 mM/L PHL-NIC-NCs have a lower tyrosinase activity at 62.97% ± 0.52% and have less melanin at 36.57% ± 0.44%. The inhibition effect of PHL-NCs and PHL-NIC-NCs was stronger compared to the positive control arbutin. In conclusion, the combination of NIC and PHL achieves better inhibition of tyrosinase and inhibition of melanin production through synergism. This will provide a direction to the subsequent development of melanin-inhibiting drugs and the combined use of pharmaceutical agents.
The Value and Pitfall of CM's Sustainability Signal Considering OEM's Greenwash

It is widely observed in industry that some firms intentionally “greenwash” their products to profit from the ever-rising green consumerism; however, there are also some firms that unintentionally greenwash as a result of misinformation, a form of supplier responsibility risk. To manage this risk, the most common approach is asking for samples before the products are delivered at scale. In this article, we consider a contract manufacturer (CM) that supplies products to an original equipment manufacturer (OEM). The CM has the option to implement a green product line. Before conveying a sustainability message to consumers, we assume that the OEM can choose whether or not to ask for samples and update its belief about the final product type. We start with a base case where the CM does not sell self-branded products. In this situation, the CM always sends an authentic signal and the OEM conducts deliberate greenwash only when the risk of detection is low. However, after extending the base case to a co-opetition case, where the CM not only makes profit from its contract manufacturing business, but also sells self-branded products, the strategic interactions of the OEM and CM become more intriguing. We find the OEM may deliberately greenwash even if it is highly risky, in order to lower the wholesale price, and the CM may send nongreen samples even if a green product line is setup. More interestingly, we find the misleading signal is able to mitigate the double marginalization effect (the double markup in price) by decreasing the wholesale price and the market price of products simultaneously, and this increases consumer surplus, but may lead to higher environmental impact. This work has implications for both operations managers and regulators. We suggest managers in OEMs ask for samples before a CM delivers products at scale if the market potential is high and the CM encroaches on end market. Regulators should note that penalties alone may not curb greenwash, as an OEM may use it for strategic purpose.
Notes on constructive set theory

4 Operations on Sets and Classes 25 4.1 Class Notation . 25 4.2 Class Relations and Functions . 26 4.3 Some Consequences of Union-Replacement . 27 4.4 Russell’s paradox . 29 4.5 Subset Collection and Exponentiation . 30 4.6 Binary Refinement . 32
The Galactic Center - an AGN on a starvation diet

The Galactic Center shows evidence for the presence of three important AGN ingredients: a Black Hole ($M_\bullet\sim10^6M_\odot$), an accretion disk ($10^{-8.5} - 10^{-7} M_\odot/{\rm yr}$) and a powerful jet (jet power $\ge$ 10\% disk luminosity). However, the degree of activity is very low and can barely account for the energetics of the whole central region. Neverthelss, in the very inner arsecond the central engine becomes dominant and provides an interesting laboratory for the physics of central engines (Black Holes) in galactic nuclei. We therefore give an overall picture of the central arcsecond where we link the radio emission and the heating of the ambient medium to a weakly accreting disk surrounding a massive Black Hole. <<<To appear in the conference proceedings"Mass Transfer Induced Activity in Galaxies", Lexington 93, I. Shlosman (ed.)>>>
AI Anomaly Detection for Cloudified Mobile Core Architectures

IT systems monitoring is a crucial process for managing and orchestrating network resources, allowing network providers to rapidly detect and react to most impediment causing network degradation. However, the high growth in size and complexity of current operational networks (2022) demands new solutions to process huge amounts of data (including alarms) reliably and swiftly. Further, as the network becomes progressively more virtualized, the hosting of NFV on cloud environments adds a magnitude of possible bottlenecks outside the control of the service owners. In this paper, we propose two deep learning anomaly detection solutions that leverage service exposure and apply it to automate the detection of service degradation and root cause discovery in a cloudified mobile network that is orchestrated by ETSI OSM. A testbed is built to validate these AI models. The testbed collects monitoring data from the OSM monitoring module, which is then exposed to the external AI anomaly detection modules, tuned to identify the anomalies and the network services causing them. The deep learning solutions are tested using various artificially induced bottlenecks. The AI solutions are shown to correctly detect anomalies and identify the network components involved in the bottlenecks, with certain limitations in a particular type of bottlenecks. A discussion of the right monitoring tools to identify concrete bottlenecks is provided.
Challenges and hopes in CRISPR CAS technology in future

ABSTRACT Genome editing is a flourishing tool that tends to be a boon for scientists to change an organism's DNA. With genome editing technology, scientists can add, remove or alter DNA, resulting in the inactivation of target genes, acquisition of novel genetic traits, and correction of pathogenic gene mutations. Different approaches were developed to edit the genome; one among them is CRISP-Cas which was recently developed. CRISPR associated proteins (CRISPR/Cas) are genome editing systems originated from prokaryotes that have allowed researchers to identify, photograph, alter, and annotate specific DNA and RNA sequences in a variety of living cells. Since using CRISPR/Cas is of low cost with high efficiency and good repeatability with a short cycle, it is used globally for genome editing. In the review, we analysed the utilisation of CRISPR/Cas as therapeutics to cure deadly diseases such as AIDS, Hepatitis B and human papillomavirus infection. Since CRISPR/Cas is cost-effective genome editing, the challenges to be faced in future due to usage of CRISPR/Cas and the areas where it can be utilised were discussed briefly in this review. Key message: Genetic technology, genome editing, editing tool, CRISPR/Cas, cost-effective, therapeutics.
Breaking bad news: patients’ perspectives of the information process in a general surgery outpatient clinic survey

The aim of this study is to investigate the perspectives of the patients admitted to a general surgery outpatient clinic towards the processes of being informed and receiving bad news. A questionnaire developed by the authors was provided to 319 patients. The scoring of some statements was based on a 5-item Likert scale, while other statement scoring was based on an 11-item Likert scale. Of all, 74.1% of the participants stated that “the doctor’s way of communicating information to them” is absolutely important, while 49.2% stated that “to whom the physician will communicate a bad news /malignant illness about oneself” is also of absolute importance. In case of a malignant illness, statements emphasizing that only the patient is to be notified have been adopted more commonly. Single participants stated it was more important to be personally notified first, rather than their relatives. The long-held idea that the patient may be affected by bad news and disrupt his/her treatment is no longer a consideration by patients. Even if their relatives are involved in the process in the later stages of the disease, the patients wish to hear the news first themselves.