Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Range Extension of an Endemic Ornamental Fish Species Puntius halakkudiensis from Southern Kerala River, India.

The ornamental cyprinid, Puntius chalakkudiensis which resembles the popular aquarium fish Puntius denisonii (Day 1865), was described by Menon, Rema Devi & Thobias, 1999 from the upper reaches of Chalakkudy River of the Western Ghats of peninsular India and its distribution was confined only to this system in central part of Kerala except a recent record [1] from Achankoil River, in south Kerala. Major distinguishing character of P. chalakkudiensis from P. denisonii is the presence of a distinct black blotch on its dorsal fin (absent in P. denisonii). The recent record of Puntius chalakkudiensis from Pamba River at Plappally village, Pathanamthitta district of south Kerala is of Ichthyological interest.
Potencial de la cepa CPA-8 de Bacillus subtilis como agente de biocontrol de enfermedades de postcosecha de fruta

Biocontrol potential of B. subtilis strain CPA–8 was tested against the main postharvest diseases of orange, apple and stone fruit. Previously, CPA–8 growth was characterized and its antifungal activity in vitro determined against Botrytis cinerea, Monilinia laxa, M. fructicola, Penicillium digitatum, P. expansum, and P. italicum. In vivo activity against these pathogens was tested by treating fruits with cells, endospores or cell free supernatants. CPA–8 treatments cannot control decay caused by P. digitatum and P. italicum on oranges. The higher concentrations of CPA–8 studied were effective in controlling B. cinerea on apple, showing grey mold incidence from 70 % to 12.5 % in comparison with 100 % in the control. However, in general, CPA–8 treatments were not effective in controlling P. expansum. The best results of CPA–8 treatments were obtained in stone fruit against M. laxa and M. fructicola where most treatments resulted in brown rot incidence of 0 % compared with 70 % and 90 % in the control. Based on these results, cultures, cells and cell free supernatants at different concentrations were tested against M. laxa and M. fructicola on stone fruit. Most bacterial concentrations were effective in controlling M. laxa and M. fructicola as well as or better than Serenade Max®, in some treatments showing brown rot incidences of 0 % in comparison with 100 % of control. Bacterial populations of CPA–8 were maintained stable or increased up to 2–log inside wounds, showing the ability of the bacteria to colonize injured tissues. Experimental evidence suggests that B. subtilis CPA–8 has biocontrol potential for control of postharvest disease on several fruit types.
Fractured Anhydrite as a Geothermal Source in a Low Enthalpy Context (Southern Permian Basin, Netherlands)

Increased heat flow associated with the presence of salt domes could be beneficial for geothermal energy applications in a low enthalpy nvironment. Anhydrite layers within such salt domes could be a potential geothermal target. These layers are known to undergo brittle deformation, which in turn can lead to the generation of a fracture network, able to facilitate fluid flow. We investigate the suitability of such an anhydrite layer in the Southern Permian Basin (The Netherlands) by means of seismic interpretation and seismic attributes. Our results reveal the presence of an anhydrite layer and evidence of brittle deformation and fracturing on the macro scale. Lastly, we identify future steps for a more comprehensive resource assessment of such a concept.
Oxygen and its impact on nitrification rates in aquatic sediments

Eutrophication, the undesired phenomenon of high nutrient loads in an aquatic system, is mostly caused by human impact: industrial and urban waste water discharge, run-off of fertilizers from agricultural use, and combustion of fuels. The study of eutrophications' main participants such as the nitrogen cycle, are necessary to prevent it. Environmental parameters have an impact onto the effectivity of the subprocesses of the nitrogen cycle. Research by Jianlong and Ning (2004) suggests hypoxic conditions to be more favorable for nitrification than normoxic ones. In order to test this hypothesis aquatic sediments from the Roskilde Fjord in Denmark were collected on the 5th and the 26th of April 2016 (apr5, apr26) to determine their nitrification rates in differing oxygen environments. In addition, the samples were compared to see if there was a significant contrast between the dates of sample retrieval. The nitrification rates of apr5 (0-1cm depth; 1-2cm depth) and apr26 (0-2cm depth) were established by measuring the NOX (NO2- and NO3-) concentrations with help of a spectrophotometer. Apr5 samples were measured twice (t0h, t24h), whereas the apr26 sediments were measured five times (t0h, t4h, t8h, t16h, t23h). Furthermore, the apr26 samples were treated either with air to generate normoxic conditions, or with nitrogen gas to generate hypoxic and anoxic conditions. The results from apr5 show highest NOX rates in 1-2cm depth, beneath the OPD (2.7mm). The results from apr26 under normoxic/hypoxic/anoxic treatment suggest hypoxic conditions to be more favorable for nitrifying processes. Despite apr26 samples having had hypoxic benthic conditions, nitrification rates were lower than from apr5. It is likely the influence of additional parameters such pH and sulfides to be responsible for the comparably low nitrification rates from apr26, despite the hypoxic benthic environment.
Solar cycle variations in ion composition in the dayside ionosphere of Titan

One Titanian year spans over two complete solar cycles, and the solar irradiance has a significant effect on ionospheric densities. Solar cycle 24 has been one of the quietest cycles on record. In this paper we show data from the Cassini ion and neutral mass spectrometer (INMS) and the radio and plasma wave science Langmuir probe spanning the time period from early 2005, at the declining phase of solar cycle 23, to late 2015 at the declining phase of solar cycle 24. Densities of different ion species measured by the INMS show a consistent enhancement for high solar activity, particularly near the ionospheric peak. The density enhancement is best seen in primary ion species such as CH3+ rather than heavier ion species such as HCNH+. Unlike at Earth, where the ionosphere and atmosphere thermally expand at high solar activity, at Titan the altitude of the ionospheric peak decreases, indicating that the underlying neutral atmosphere was less extensive. Among the major ion species, CH5+ shows the largest decrease in peak altitude, whereas heavy ions such as C3H5+ show very little decrease. We also calculate the ion production rates using a theoretical model and a simple empirical model using INMS data and show that these effectively predict the increased ion production rates at high solar activity.
Estudo dos pilares de ESG - environmental, social and governance – no contexto das empresas brasileiras

Nos últimos anos, o termo ESG tem ganhado especial atenção devido a uma conscientização crescente em relação às responsabilidades sociais, ambientais e de governança corporativa das empresas. O presente estudo buscou identificar a adoção de práticas relativas aos três pilares do ESG, bem como avaliar o grau de aderência das empresas brasileiras a partir da percepção de profissionais que nelas atuam. Utilizou-se a pesquisa descritiva como instrumento de coleta de dados do tipo questionário. Os dados foram tratados com a utilização da estatística descritiva. O estudo procurou contemplar empresas de diversos portes e setores de atuação, e não apenas as empresas listadas na bolsa de valores, para contribuir com estudos acadêmicos relacionados ao entendimento da maturidade das empresas brasileiras em relação às práticas ESG. Ao final do estudo foi possível observar que as empresas brasileiras participantes apresentaram mais práticas e maturidade em relação ao pilar de governança, seguido do pilar social e, por último, do pilar ambiental. Palavras-chave: ESG; ASG; Gestão da sustentabilidade; Governança corporativa; Sustentabilidade.
Seismic and infrasonic eruption tremors and their relation to magma discharge rate: A case study for sub‐Plinian events in the 2011 eruption of Shinmoe‐dake, Japan

Magma discharge rate is one of the most important parameters in quantifying volcanic activity. Many previous works have attempted to connect observations of seismic and infrasonic eruption tremors with magma discharge rate. Power law scaling relations with different power indices have been proposed based on various data sets and models. The 2011 eruption of Shinmoe‐dake, Japan, provides an excellent data set with which to investigate these relationships for a sustained explosive eruption sequence. Magma discharge rates are well constrained by geodetic, geologic, and remote sensing methods. Seismic and infrasonic data were recorded close to the vent. Moreover, contributions to ground shaking from infrasound can be distinguished from seismic signals in the seismometer records. As a result, linear power law relationships are found to fit all pairs of variables (seismic eruption tremor power, infrasonic eruption tremor power, and magma discharge rate) in the quasi‐stable or slowly growing stages of the sub‐Plinian events. Similar relations have been reported for other eruptions but only between seismic eruption tremors and magma discharge rate or between seismic and infrasonic eruption tremors. Existing models do not fully explain the observed relationships. The possibility is proposed that Plinian‐type eruptions generate both seismic and infrasonic eruption tremors by successive explosions at the fragmentation surface in the conduit; these linear relationships can therefore be observed only under conditions where flow and fragmentation in the conduit are stable.
Ethnopharmacology and hair: Indian perspectives

Hair, for most people, is what defines their physical appearance. Whether long or short it can be an expression of social conformity and affiliation. Hairstyles, along with clothing, reflect who you are in this fashionable world we live in. From most primitive recorded history hair has been man’s crowning glory and has made a noteworthy variance in his personal attractiveness. The condition of our hair reflects our inner health and beauty. There is nothing more radiant and beautiful than shiny vibrant hair. Hormonal fluctuations, diet, lifestyle and stress play a key role in appearance and health of hair. The havoc of modern life including pollution, use of harsh detergents, permanent hair treatments and excessive sun exposure are just a few of the things that can have an undesirable impact on the vitality of our hair. The bitter truth is that the robotic approach to discovering drugs from plants has to date proven its inability to excavate the hundreds of molecules that will contribute to the progress in human health. However, one can reasonably see that the last patches of primary rainforest on earth still hold hundreds of spectacularly active drugs that await discovery. Certain herbs for hair growth are used as herbal remedies for hair loss and pattern baldness, which are one of the biggest concerns among men and many women. Ethno-medicinal plants, as a group, comprise approximately 8,000 species and account for about 50% of all the higher flowering plant species in India. In the ancient Indian system of medicine known as Ayurveda, the context of treatment of hair and problems associated with it dates back centuries. Numerous drugs have entered the international market through exploration of ethnopharmacology and traditional medicine with extensive uses of medicinal plants.
Status of the breeding population of Great Cormorants in Croatia in 2012

In the summer of 2012, Croatia had 1, 331 occupied nests of Great Cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis) in two colonies. This is a decrease of over 800 nests compared to 2008 (2, 156 nests). This is primarily a result of the decrease of breeding numbers in the main colony at Kopacki rit, where many years of breeding has caused the degradation of nesting trees, as well as two subsequent dry seasons without appropriate flooding of the wetlands that possibly negatively affected the amount of fish available for the cormorants.
Groote Schuur Hospital neurosurgical intensive care unit: A 2-year review of admission characteristics

Background At Groote Schuur Hospital (GSH), the neurosurgical intensive care unit (NsICU) is a 6-bed unit headed by a specialist neurosurgeon with extensive experience in neurocritical care, working in close collaboration with intensivists from the Division of Critical Care. There is currently no detailed analysis of the demographics, diagnosis and management of patients admitted to the NsICU at GSH. Objectives To provide a detailed descriptive analysis of the demographics, diagnosis and management of patients admitted to the NsICU at GSH from 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2021. Methods A retrospective descriptive analysis was done of patients who received treatment in the NsICU from 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2021. Results A total of 685 patients were admitted to the unit over a 2-year period, with a male preponderance (68.2%). The average age was 42.5 (standard deviation (SD) 17.2) years. The most common neurosurgical diagnoses were traumatic brain injuries (39.6%), brain tumours (22.6%) and aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhages (9.9%). Emergency admissions comprised 76.6% of the total and 86.7% of patients were admitted postoperatively. Three hundred and seventy-two patients (54.3%) required mechanical ventilation, 132 (19.3%) required both an intracranial pressure (ICP) monitor and brain tissue oxygenation monitor, 86 (12.5%) needed placement of an external ventricular drain, 50 (7.3%) needed placement of a tracheostomy tube and 16 (2.3%) needed placement of an ICP monitor only. The average duration of stay was 5.5 (1.3) days and NsICU mortality over 2 years was 11.1%. Conclusion The NsICU at GSH manages predominantly male trauma patients and a significant number of admitted patients require specialised invasive intracranial monitoring. Contribution of the study This is the first in-depth analysis of patients managed in a dedicated neurosurgical intensive care unit in South Africa. The work defines the patient population, neurosurgical pathologies and service level requirements that would likely be encountered by teams building a similar service.
A Novel Acetone Sensor for Body Fluids

Ketones are well-known biomarkers of fat oxidation produced in the liver as a result of lipolysis. These biomarkers include acetoacetic acid and β-hydroxybutyric acid in the blood/urine and acetone in our breath and skin. Monitoring ketone production in the body is essential for people who use caloric intake deficit to reduce body weight or use ketogenic diets for wellness or therapeutic treatments. Current methods to monitor ketones include urine dipsticks, capillary blood monitors, and breath analyzers. However, these existing methods have certain disadvantages that preclude them from being used more widely. In this work, we introduce a novel acetone sensor device that can detect acetone levels in breath and overcome the drawbacks of existing sensing approaches. The critical element of the device is a robust sensor with the capability to measure acetone using a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) chip and convenient data analysis from a red, green, and blue deconvolution imaging approach. The acetone sensor device demonstrated sensitivity of detection in the micromolar-concentration range, selectivity for detection of acetone in breath, and a lifetime stability of at least one month. The sensor device utility was probed with real tests on breath samples using an established blood ketone reference method.
A real-time driver monitoring system using a high sensitivity camera

Traffic accidents and mental stress are strongly correlated. Drivers under pressure are more easily to cause accidents. A system which could describe the mental state of a driver would be helpful to avoid such accidents. Multiple indices derived from analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) could be used in the estimation of mental state in humans; moreover, recent years, methods of non-contact heart rate estimation have been well studied and reached high accuracy. Based on both, we developed a real-time driver monitoring system which could not only estimate heart rate of the driver, but also indicate whether he is under pressure or not. This system delivers 2 outputs: heart rate(HR) and mental stress level (stress index). We utilized an 18-bit camera to grab frontal facial frames and independent component analysis (ICA) to extract haemoglobin signal from each frame. After temporal filtering and peak detection, R-R interval(RRI) will be obtained and HR measured. Mental stress estimation will start 30 seconds after we get the first RRI data, then a power spectrum analysis method will be applied to all of the HRV data within 30 seconds to generate powers of Low-Frequency and High-Frequency band data. The ratio of the powers in both bands, so called LF-HF ratio (LF/HF), will be delivered as a stress index to quantify the degree of mental stress. Finally, the validity of stress index is verified over arithmetic calculation and a number of driving-simulating scenarios.
Prediction of Melt Pool Dimension, Porosity Generation and Thermal Behavior of Ti-6Al-4V during Powder Bed Fusion at Various Scan Speeds and Laser Powers

The additive manufacturing technology called laser powder bed fusion enables to manufacture complex parts based on the fusion of a metallic powder layer by layer. In laser powder bed fusion, the produced component quality relies significantly on the parameters of the process. In this study, the powder titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V is employed for the purpose of predicting the melt pool dimensions. To manufacture a single bead, several combinations of scan speed and laser power are used. This research studies the influence of the scan speed and the laser power on the melt pool dimensions and on the thermal history of a specified layer of powder. The results reveal that the geometry of the melt pool is considerably responsive to the scan speed and the laser power. Furthermore, unfavorable effects such as porosity defects are analyzed in detail. Suggestions are presented to employ optimal settings to prevent these undesirable outcomes. To validate the numerical results, a comparison with experimental results from the literature is carried out. Our numerical analysis proves a satisfactory correlation with the experimental investigations. The beam power and the scanning speed effects on the average temperature of the desired layers are discussed as well.
Collectivity and Affective Commitment a Private Company Employees in Indonesia: Diffident Silence as Moderator

Background: The competitive environment of the business world requires applying for the best talent to maintain the continuity of the organization. This situation has led to more and more headhunters looking for talent and has an impact on the high turnover rate. Therefore, research on organizational commitment, especially affective commitment, is still useful to prevent the loss of personnel. The purpose of this study was to discuss diffident silence as a moderator of the influence of collectivity on the affective commitment of employees. Method: The participants were 104 employees (female, n = 21; male, n = 83) of 304 employees from a private company in Indonesia. The data was collected using a questionnaire in both direct and indirect ways, from February 7 until March 7, 2022. The sampling technique used was convenience non-probability sampling. We set the time for data collection, and after the dateline, we examined how many questionnaires returned. The data was analyzed using gradual regression analysis, and the predictions were gradually made by including predictors in the regression. Result: The result shows that diffident silence can play a role as a moderator in the effect of collectivity on affective commitment. It implies that diffident silence not only poses a danger to the company but also strengthens the effect of collectivity on affective commitment. Employees who performed high-diffident silence showed a higher influence of collectivity on affective commitment. Employees with diffident silence usually avoid labels (negative labels) from others. Labels will make them uncomfortable and embarrassed, and this situation will reduce attachment to the organization. Conclusion: This was explained as to why employees with diffident silence will build up their affective commitment.
Inter-calibration of VIRR/FY-3A/B split-window channels with AIRS/Aqua and IASI/Metop-A measurements

ABSTRACT This work addressed the inter-calibration of the two split-window channels 4 and 5 (IR4, around 10.8 µm; IR5, around 12.0 µm) of Visible and Infrared Radiometer (VIRR) aboard FengYun 3 (FY-3) A and B satellites against the hyperspectral channels of Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) on Aqua and Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) on Metop-A over the Arctic area (180ºW–180ºE, 60ºN–90ºN) using the hyperspectral convolution (HSC) method in June and December of 2010–2013. First, the satellite data were re-sampled into the gridded study area using the area-weighted pixel-aggregation method. Then, besides the collocation condition, the measurements acquired by different instruments were matched with the following criteria: 1) the absolute observation time difference is less than 20 min (|∆time|< 20ʹ), and 2) |cosθ1 /cosθ2 – 1|< 0.015, where θ1 and θ2 are the at-surface view zenith angles (VZAs) of the VIRR/FY-3 measurement and the hyperspectral measurement, respectively. Finally, linear regression analyses on the matching measurements were carried out to obtain the inter-calibration coefficients, and re-calibrated VIRR/FY-3A/B measurements were achieved. The results showed that the calibrations of AIRS/Aqua and IASI/Metop-A channels were quiet consistent, whereas, against the hyperspectral channels, the calibrations of VIRR/FY-3A/B channels 4 and 5 were biased, and they presented certain seasonal and annual variations, especially for VIRR/FY-3A channel 4. In contrast to VIRR/FY-3A channels, the calibration discrepancies of VIRR/FY-3B channels 4 and 5 were smaller. Moreover, no obvious impact of solar illumination on VIRR/FY-3A/B measurements was observed.
Formulation and Characterization of Amomum Compactum Sol. Ex Maton Nano Emulsion and Its Antibacterial and Wound Healing Activity

Natural treatment is plant extract nanoemulsion. Forming nanoemulsions with a specific method may help skin wound healing. Fruit cardamom (Amomum compactum Sol. Ex Maton) was used as an antimicrobial, but its wound-healing activity was unstudied. This study compares nanoemulsion from cardamom seed ethanol extract to cardamom extract in suppressing bacterial growth, wound healing, and determining component makeup. Research methods with Lab experiments involve sampling, processing, extracting, and UV-VIS spectrophotometer testing secondary metabolite chemicals, creating nanoemulsions, and characterizing them with HPLC, FTIR, UV-VIS, and PSA. TPC and disc diffusion for antibacterial and wound healing characterization and SPSS analysis. The research results found high quantities of gallic acid, catechin, and epigallocatechin were found in 20% (v/v) cardamom extract nanoemulsion, with HPLC analysis showing levels of 4590.10 µg/mL, 2128. 95µg/mL, and 755. 42µg/mL, respectively. FTIR and UV-Vis tests indicate a single peak around the phenol compound's absorption area and describe its group by absorbing functional groups in the IR spectrum. Nanoemulsion suppressed E. coli and S. aureus better than cardamom extract. At 1% (v/v), nanoemulsion heals wounds faster than cardamom extract and gentamicin sulfate. The particle size of 53.13 ± 1.25 nm and particle size distribution of 0.56 ± 0.02 nm contribute to the stability and high activity of the nanoemulsion.