Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development and Evaluation of a Stable Oil-in-Water Emulsion with High Ostrich Oil Concentration for Skincare Applications

This study investigates the development of an oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion enriched with a high concentration of ostrich oil, recognized for its abundant content of oleic acid (34.60 ± 0.01%), tailored for skincare applications. Using Span and Tween emulsifiers, we formulated an optimized emulsion with 20% w/w ostrich oil and a 15% w/w blend of Span 20 and Tween 80. This formulation, achieved via homogenization at 3800 rpm for 5 min, yielded the smallest droplet size (5.01 ± 0.43 μm) alongside an appropriate zeta potential (−32.22 mV). Our investigation into the influence of Span and Tween concentrations, types, and ratios on the stability of 20% w/w ostrich oil emulsions, maintaining a hydrophile–lipophile balance (HLB) of 5.5, consistently demonstrated the superior stability of the optimized emulsion across various formulations. Cytotoxicity assessments on human dermal fibroblasts affirmed the safety of the emulsion. Notably, the emulsion exhibited a 52.20 ± 2.01% inhibition of linoleic acid oxidation, surpassing the 44.70 ± 1.94% inhibition observed for ostrich oil alone. Moreover, it demonstrated a superior inhibitory zone against Staphylococcus aureus (12.32 ± 0.19 mm), compared to the 6.12 ± 0.15 mm observed for ostrich oil alone, highlighting its enhanced antioxidant and antibacterial properties and strengthening its potential for skincare applications. The optimized emulsion also demonstrates the release of 78.16 ± 1.22% of oleic acid across the cellulose acetate membrane after 180 min of study time. This successful release of oleic acid further enhances the overall efficacy and versatility of the optimized emulsion. Stability assessments, conducted over 6 months at different temperatures (4 °C, 25 °C, 45 °C), confirmed the emulsion’s sustained physicochemical and microbial stability, supporting its promise for topical applications. Despite minor fluctuations in acid values (AV) and peroxide values (PV), the results remained within the acceptable limits. This research elucidates the crucial role of emulsification in optimizing the efficacy and stability of ostrich oil in skincare formulations, providing valuable insights for practical applications where stability is paramount.
Effects of postharvest Irvingia fruit wastes on soil microbial diversity and physico-chemical properties

The effects of Irvingia fruit wastes on soil microbial diversity and physico-chemical properties were assessed through metagenomics and chemical analyses. Topsoil was thoroughly homogenized and separated into three different groups (Treatments 1, 2 and 3 soils respectively). Treatment 1 soil samples were assessed without any further processing. Treatment 2 soil samples were incubated for 14 days at ambient temperature and assessed whilst Treatment 3 soil samples were amended with Irvingia fruit wastes and incubated for 14 days at same temperature. Results showed that microbial diversity, total sequence reads, Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) and soil physico-chemical properties were influenced by Irvingia fruit wastes. Bacterial diversity for Treatments 1, 2 and 3 soils were 0.90, 0.28 and 0.93, respectively whilst bacterial total sequence reads and OTUs amplified from Treatment 1, 2 and 3 soils were 3,040 (82 OTUs), 23,544 (87 OTUs) and 16 (10 OTUs), respectively. Fungal diversity for same soil samples were 0.95, 0.80 and 0.33, respectively. Fungal total sequence reads and OTUs were 4,394 (50 OTUs), 55 (13 OTUs) and 27713 (39 OTUs), respectively. Bacterial OTUs amplified from Treatment 3 soil belonged to Streptococcus pneumoniae (25%), Novosphingobium aquiterrae (12.50%), Shewanella haliotis (12.50%), Acinetobacter iwoffii (12.50%), Pseudomonas syringae (6.25%), Delftia tsuruhatensis (6.25%), Sulfobacillus species (6.25%), Nocardioides species (6.25%), Pseudonocardia species (6.25%) and Clostridium species (6.25%). Predominant fungal OTUs from same soil were Issatchenkia hanoiensis (81.42%), Pichia species (6.28%), Coniochaeta fasciculate (5.61%) and Candida diversa (2.14%). Irvingia fruit wastes triggered an increase in soil pH, total nitrogen, total organic carbon, sulphate, phosphate, chlorine, calcium and sodium but not potassium. Irvingia fruit wastes would potentially, positively impact agriculture and bioremediation of oil polluted soils.
Effect of Brittle Off‐Fault Damage on Earthquake Rupture Dynamics

Deformation of natural fault zones in the brittle crust (~0 to 40 km depth) is conventionally perceived of as two planes, sliding one against the other, loaded by constant slip at greater depth, and whose behavior is controlled by the frictional properties of the interface [Scholz, 1998]. Depending on these properties, when the frictional resistance is overcome, the accumulated stress is released by stable sliding or by unstable dynamic events. As a consequence, in recent years, numerous studies have been carried out to determine these properties for various settings [e.g., Byerlee, 1978; Scholz, 1998; King and Marone, 2012; den Hartog et al., 2012]. However, if the behavior of fault zones is intrinsically linked to the properties of the fault interface, it also depends on those of the surrounding medium [e.g., Andrews, 2005]. Fault not only consist of a fine‐grained narrow fault core where slip occurs, but it is also surrounded by pervasively fractured rocks, within a complex 3D geometry. Sibson’s [1977] contribution is largely recognized as the first attempt to give a coherent description of an active fault zone. Scholz [2002] further proposed a slightly Effect of Brittle Off‐Fault Damage on Earthquake Rupture Dynamics
Peran Self-esteem terhadap Peer Attachment pada Remaja dengan Orang Tua Bercerai di Kota Bandung

Perceraian adalah salah satu peristiwa yang signifikan dalam pertumbuhan sebuah keluarga. Ketika perceraian terjadi, tentunya hal ini tidak hanya memberikan dampak bagi kedua orangtua, tapi juga bagi anak. Terjadinya perceraian berdampak negatif bagi perkembangan anak khususnya selama masa remaja. Lebih lanjut, pengalaman perceraian orangtua membuat remaja mempertanyakan keberhargaan dirinya yang mengarah pada terbentuknya self-esteem yang rendah, yang mana hal ini akan mengarah pada terganggunya perkembangan peer attachment remaja dengan teman sebayanya, karena remaja memandang rendah dirinya. Oleh karena itu, tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat apakah terdapat pengaruh self-esteem terhadap peer attachment. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah remaja (usia 10-18 tahun) dengan orangtua bercerai di Kota Bandung. Metode penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan Inventory of Parent and Peer attachment (Armsden & Greenberg, 1987) dan alat ukur Self-esteem (Rosenberg,1965) yang diterjemahkan ke dalam Bahasa Indonesia. IPPA terdiri dari 25 item yang mengukur peer attachment, dimana setiap skala terdiri dari 3 aspek yaitu trust, communication dan alienation. Sedangkan alat ukur self-esteem terdiri dari 10 item. Hasil pengisian kedua kuesioner (IPPA dan self-esteem) akan diuji menggunakan metode uji regresi linear, untuk mengetahui pengaruh self-esteem pada peer attachment. Dari pengujian yang dilakukan diketahui bahwa nilai signifikansi adalah sebesar 0,030 (≤ 0,05). Oleh karena itu dapat disimpulkan bahwa self-esteem berperan pada peer attachment remaja yang orangtua bercerai di Kota Bandung.
TREES IN SEMIARID ZONES – PERCEPTION OF ECOSYSTEM SERVICES AND COMMUNITY VALUES IN NIĞDE PROVINCE, CENTRALANATOLIA, TÜRKIYE

Central Anatolia typifies the semiarid agroecological conditions of Türkiye given its low annual precipitation and winter temperatures. Wheat, barley, chickpea, lentil, vetch, apples and potatoes are largely grown in this zone but native perennials, including oaks, Turkish fir and poplar, are on the decline thereby limiting their contribution to ecosystem services. The disconnect between the value of trees and ecosystem services in Central Anatolia has not been studied previously. This study focused on the knowledge, importance, intercropping, ecosystem services, community values and planting of trees in Niğde, a representative province in Central Anatolia, Türkiye. A quantitative survey of 301 participants was conducted to understand their perception of selected trees grouped as nitrogen fixing and non-nitrogen fixing. Indicators were tested for association (χ2) and responses were disaggregated into two participant groups, farmers and non-farmers. Generally, participants showed a widespread knowledge about the trees. The top five trees of perceived importance were fruit, poplar, hawthorn, black pine and oak which were mainly valued for environmental protection, health and income. High value tree agroforestry was a preference while perception of tree-based ecosystem services focused on cultural and provisioning services. Although there was considerable support for the concept of planting more trees, tree survival remains low and increased social engagement in further perennial studies is needed.
Understanding bladder cancer by genome-wide association studies

growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) and transforming acidic coiled-coil-containing protein (TACC3). A mutated fusion version of the two proteins is commonly encountered in bladder cancers (2). Koutros et al. (1) found higher frequency of FGFR3 somatic mutation in women with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) than in men. Fortunately, in their stratified analysis, they considered the confounding effect of smoking status on gender.
Estudo de estabilidade no escoamento ao redor de um cilindro.

Resumo.O propósito principal deste estudo é o cálculo do problema linear de estabilidade para o escoamento simétrico ao redor de um cilindro circular. É empregado o método de Usawa, baseado na triangulação do domínio com elementos isoparamétricos (elemento de Taylor Hood: velocidade quadrática e pressão linear), para encontrar a solução aproximada das equações de Navier-Stokes; e o Método das Bases Solenoidais em Elementos Finitos (DFFEM), para encontrar uma base do subespaço solenoidal discreto. O problema linear de estabilidade é embutido no subespaço solenoidal. Neste trabalho é calculado o espectro completo da matriz jacobiana, para o problema de estabilidade do escoamento incompressível ao redor de um cilindro. O espectro tem uma forma topológica semelhante a uma parábola. O Reynolds crítico neste cálculo está na faixa de 47 < Rec = 47, 5 < 48. O número de Strouhal calculado éSt = ωD 2πU = 0, 1374.
Impact of an Educational Measure on the Quality of Medical Certificate of Cause of Death at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital: A Pre-post Interventional Study

Background A death certificate is an important document that serves as a tool for gathering epidemiological data and as an essential legal document. Although it is a mandatory document to be given for all deaths, the quality of its filling is often an ignored aspect and errors are frequently encountered. This documentation process can be mastered with minimal educational efforts. This study aimed to determine the utility of an educational measure in improving the accuracy of death certificate documentation. Methods and materials This pre- and post-interventional study was conducted at Maharaja Agrasen Medical College, Agroha, a tertiary care teaching hospital in Hisar, Haryana, India, wherein an audit of death certificates was done before and after an educational intervention on doctors responsible for filling death certificates. Errors in the death certificates were classified into major and minor errors and compared in the pre- and post-intervention groups. Results A total of 184 pre-intervention and 136 post-intervention death certificates were audited. In the pre-intervention certificates, at least one major and one minor error were present in 88% and 92.93% of the certificates, respectively, which was reduced to 33% (p < 0.01; relative risk (RR) = 3.62; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.69-4.91) and 38% (p < 0.01; RR = 3.33; 95% CI = 2.53-4.37), respectively, post-intervention. Reduction in all types of major and minor errors was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Conclusions Errors in death certification are a common but frequently ignored problem that can have a negative impact on epidemiological data and can be drastically reduced with simple educational measures, which need to be carried out regularly.
Fourier Ptychographic Neural Network Combined with Zernike Aberration Recovery and Wirtinger Flow Optimization

Fourier ptychographic microscopy, as a computational imaging method, can reconstruct high-resolution images but suffers optical aberration, which affects its imaging quality. For this reason, this paper proposes a network model for simulating the forward imaging process in the Tensorflow framework using samples and coherent transfer functions as the input. The proposed model improves the introduced Wirtinger flow algorithm, retains the central idea, simplifies the calculation process, and optimizes the update through back propagation. In addition, Zernike polynomials are used to accurately estimate aberration. The simulation and experimental results show that this method can effectively improve the accuracy of aberration correction, maintain good correction performance under complex scenes, and reduce the influence of optical aberration on imaging quality.
Structure and Trends of Worldwide Research on Durum Wheat by Bibliographic Mapping

The bibliometric mapping approach is a quantitative methodology to analyze the structure and evolution of research activities in a scientific area or a discipline. The objective of the current study was to perform a bibliometric analysis of the worldwide durum wheat literature published from 1961 to 2022 to identify topics and trends and their evolution over time. A total of 7512 documents were analyzed to generate bibliometric maps illustrating the main research topics. Most of the articles (91.6%) were published in indexed journals, with a low percentage (3.4%) in conference proceedings. The most active journals were the Journal of Cereal Science, Euphytica, Theoretical and Applied Genetics, Cereal Research Communications, and Cereal Chemistry. Italy, the USA, Canada, Spain, and France were the countries publishing the most documents. Research interests were focused on mutagenesis, interspecific hybridization, and technological quality in 1961–1980 and moved to conservation farming, molecular genetics, and nutritional quality in the last two decades. Future durum wheat production is facing challenges from climate change, water scarcity, and rising demand for sustainable food production. Advancements in molecular breeding techniques, genome editing, precision agriculture, and conservation farming can expedite wheat improvement and pave the way toward a healthier environment. The analysis of a large amount of bibliographic data provides useful information for researchers and policymakers and represents a starting point for a comprehensive discussion for future research.
Investigating the performance of satellite and reanalysis rainfall products at monthly timescales across different rainfall regimes of Ethiopia

ABSTRACT Continuous availability of a variety of satellite and reanalysis rainfall products have triggered the use of such products as an alternate source of rainfall data in sparsely gauge networked areas. However, before utilizing them a detailed validation of these datasets are essential to have some level of guarantee. In many parts of Africa in general and most parts of Ethiopia particularly in the lowland areas, gauge stations are very sparse and unevenly distributed. In addition, due to the nature of complex topography and geographical location, Ethiopian rainfall shows high variability both temporally and spatially. In view of the above, the present study is aimed at statistically evaluating such rainfall products across different rainfall regimes (regions with different rainfall characteristics as defined by National Meteorological Agency (NMA) of Ethiopia). In the current study, five satellite and two reanalysis rainfall products such as African Rainfall Climatology version 2 (ARC2), Tropical Applications of Meteorology using SATellite and ground-based observations (TAMSAT), Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission-3B43 version 7 (TRMM 3B43v7), Climate Prediction Center Morphing Technique (CMORPH), Climate Hazards Group Infrared Precipitation with Stations version 2 (CHIRPSv2), the Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR) and the European Center for Medium Range Weather Forecast Reanalysis (ERA-Interim) are considered based on their spatial coverage, spatial resolution, temporal resolution, latency period and length of data records. Evaluation is done at monthly and seasonal time scales against the observed gauge rainfall data provided by the National Meteorological Agency of Ethiopia across entire Ethiopia in two different manners, first by considering the entire country as one homogeneous unit and secondly in a distributed manner across the three rainfall regimes of Ethiopia. The obtained results show that: (i) CHIRPSv2 and TRMM 3B43v7 show better performance during June to September (the main rainfall season) and during February to May (the smaller rainfall season) in regimes 1 and 2. (ii) In regime 3 these products show good performance from October to November (smaller rainy season of this regime) and March to May (main rainy season of this regime); (iii). CMORPH, TAMSAT and ARC2 show moderate performance in all three regimes; (iv) CFSR and ERA-Interim exhibit poor performance in all rainfall regimes. Overall, the detailed analysis of statistical evaluation results of the rainfall products at monthly timescale shows that CHIRPSv2 performs comparatively better than the other tested rainfall products across all rainfall regimes. However, the best performance of CHIRPSv2 is obtained in regime 2 followed by regime 1 and regime 3.
Does NDVI explain spatial and temporal variability in sap velocity in temperate forest ecosystems?

Abstract. There is a need for a better understanding of the link between vegetation characteristics and tree transpiration to facilitate satellite derived transpiration estimation. Many studies use the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), a proxy for tree biophysical characteristics, to estimate evapotranspiration. In this study we investigated the link between sap velocity and 30 m resolution Landsat derived NDVI for twenty days during two contrasting precipitation years in a temperate deciduous forest catchment. Sap velocity was measured in the Attert catchment in Luxembourg in 25 plots of 20 × 20 m covering three geologies with sensors installed in 2–4 trees per plot. The results show that sap velocity and NDVI were significantly positively correlated in April, i.e., NDVI successfully captured the pattern of sap velocity during the phase of green-up. After green-up, a significant negative correlation was found during half of the studied days. During a dry period, sap velocity was uncorrelated to NDVI, but influenced by geology and aspect. In summary, in our study area, the correlation between sap velocity and NDVI was not constant, but varied with phenology and water availability. The same behaviour was found for the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI). This suggests that methods using NDVI or EVI to predict small-scale variability in (evapo)transpiration should be carefully applied and that NDVI and EVI cannot be used to scale sap velocity to stand level transpiration in temperate forest ecosystems.
Dating Human Settlement in the East-Central Tibetan Plateau during the Late Holocene

Abstract Recent multidisciplinary research indicates that prehistoric agriculture innovation promoted permanent human settlements of areas up to 3400 m above sea level (asl) in the northern Tibetan Plateau, but when and how ancient humans extensively occupied areas above that altitude remains uncertain. In this paper, we investigated 12 archaeological sites situated above 3600 m asl in the Yushu autonomous prefecture, east-central Tibetan Plateau, to explore this issue. We determined the ages of five sites using the radiocarbon (14C) dating method and identified animal bones sampled from three sites. The dating results show that humans occasionally occupied the Yushu area around 900 BC, and permanently inhabited the area between AD 540 and 1620. Preliminary faunal identifications indicate human-raised livestock including yak, sheep, and horse during the latter period. Stone-constructed tombs and rock painting were found at some investigated sites, suggesting humans perhaps engaged in a pastoral lifestyle during the very late Holocene in the high altitude Yushu area, where nomadic livestock production remains the current primary subsistence strategy focus.
An Effective GNSS/PDR Fusion Positioning Algorithm on Smartphones for Challenging Scenarios

The location-based smartphone service brings new development opportunities for seamless indoor/outdoor positioning. However, in complex scenarios such as cities, tunnels, overpasses, forests, etc., using only GNSS on smartphones cannot provide stable and reliable positioning results. Usually, additional sensors are needed to assist GNSS. This paper investigates the GNSS positioning algorithm assisted by pedestrian dead reckoning (PDR) in complex scenarios. First, we introduce a step detection algorithm based on the peak–valley of acceleration modulus, and the Weinberg model and the Mahony algorithm in PDR are used to estimate step length and heading. On this basis, we evaluated the performance of GNSS/PDR fusion positioning in an open scenario, a semiopen scenario, and a blocked scenario, respectively. Finally, we develop a GNSS/PDR real-time positioning software, called China University of Mining and Technology-POSitioning (CUMT-POS) version 1.0, on the Android 10 platform. By comparing GNSS solutions, PDR solutions, GNSS/PDR solutions, and real-time kinematic (RTK) solutions, we verify the potential auxiliary ability of PDR for GNSS positioning in complex environments, proving that multisource sensor fusion positioning significantly improves reliability and stability. Our research can help the realization of urban informatization and smart cities.
SURVEY AND POPULATION DENSITY OF SESAME PESTS AND ASSOCIATED NATURAL ENEMIES

: The present studies were carried out in farmer fields cultivated with sesame Sesamumindicum L variety Shandaweelduring 2021 and 2022 seasonsat Abo Hammad district, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt, to survey the pests, natural enemies associated with sesame plants and to study the population density of the main and dominant pests. The pests recorded relatively high mean numbers were leafhoppers species, two spotted spider mites,green peach aphids, onion thrips and green stink bugpests were recorded relatively high mean numbers followed by whiteflyand last species in very low numbers. In addition, four species of insect predators and one predatory mite was found associated with pests on sesame plants in very low numbers. The occurrence periods and population fluctuation of main pestsspecies i.e., Empoasca spp. ,