Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Driver Drowsiness Detection Model System Using E.A.R

To make a Driver Drowsiness Detection that can be used to check if the driver is drowsy or not. Since more than half of vehicle-related accidents occur due to human error, many these accidents occur due to that slight span of unconsciousness which arises due to the fatigue of a long journey or any other factor. Alerting the driver whenever the system detects them to be drowsy or sleepy by detecting the changes in their activity.
Global relative ecosystem service budget mapping using the Google Earth Engine and land cover datasets

Ecosystem service mapping (ESM) studies are receiving increasing attention due to the imbalance between the supply of and demand for ecosystem services (ES). Global scale ESM is still scarce, but the high computing power of the Google Earth Engine (GEE) cloud platform significantly increases the efficiency. Based on global-scale land cover datasets and the GEE, an ES matrix model based-expert is constructed in this paper to map the ES supply, demand, and relative budgets. The net primary productivity (NPP), enhanced vegetation index (EVI), nighttime light (NTL), and world population (Pop) were acquired, and the NPP and EVI and the NTL and Pop datasets were used to revise the supply of and demand for ESs, respectively. We discovered that the ES supply capacity exhibits a double-peaked distribution with latitude, and the peaks are located at the equator and 50° N. The global ESs have a high spatial heterogeneity and the global supply of ESs is 2.405 times higher than the demand; however, the demand exhibits an increasing trend of about 3.36% per decade, and only southern Asia has more ES demand than supply. The imbalance between the ES supply and demand produced a push-pull effect, that is, it forced humans to move closer to the ES surplus regions (ESSRs) and farther away from the ES deficit regions (ESDRs), and the destruction of the ecological environment promoted this phenomenon. The global terrestrial area is divided into eight ES sub-regions, and targeted land management, urban planning, and environmental remediation policies are proposed.
Development of electric systems for hybrid and electric vehicles

This article presents improvement concepts of automotive electrical systems. 12-volt electrical systems are heavy and not effective for hybrid and electric vehicles. Author of this article performed study of energy consumption to analyze this problem. For this purpose 10 Channel Automotive Ammeter was developed. Current measurements were made in vehicle fuse boxes during test drives and simulation tests. Studies have shown that some circuits are overloaded and incorrectly designed. After summarizing of measurement results, author developed concept of Energy Distribution Controller with integration of Power Rail. This solution combined with 48-volt installations, will allow to developed efficient electric system for hybrid and electric cars. Streszczenie. W tym artykule przedstawiono koncepcje usprawnień w samochodowych systemach elektrycznych. 12-woltowe systemy stosowane we współczesnych pojazdach są ciężkie i nieefektywne dla pojazdów hybrydowych i elektrycznych. Autor tego artykułu przeprowadził badania zużycia energii w pojazdach samochodowych. W tym celu został opracowany 10 kanałowy amperomierz służący do pomiaru prądu w samochodowych instalacjach elektrycznych. Podczas badań symulacyjnych i jazd testowych prąd był mierzony w skrzynkach bezpiecznikowych pojazdów. Badania wykazały że niektóre obwody elektryczne są nadmiernie obciążone i niepoprawnie zaprojektowane. Autor przedstawił koncepcję sterownika Centralnej Dystrybucji Energii z integracją szyny zasilającej. Rozwiązanie te połączone z instalacjami 48-voltowymi pozwoli opracować efektywny system dystrybucji energii dla pojazdów hybrydowych i elektrycznych. (Koncepcje rozwoju instalacji elektrycznych w pojazdach elektrycznych i hybrydowych). Słowa kluczowe: Instalacje elektryczne w pojazdach samochodowych, Pomiar zużycia energii elektrycznej w pojazdach
Graphic design and artificial intelligence: Interdisciplinary challenges for designers in the search for research collaboration

: The introduction of electronic publishing, multimedia, the web and social media have influenced and presented challenges for graphic design. Now the implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) features within graphic design software enables practitioners to automate many design processes. However, this threatens to deskill the profession and create a second tier of ‘non-professional’ designers, particularly within less creative work that emphasises fast turnover and functional artefact production. Research at the intersection of AI and graphic design has been led by computer scientists. This paper argues, from a designer’s perspective, that a paucity of scholarly engagement by graphic designers with their own practice and of AI research has resulted in computer scientists defaulting to functional approaches to design. Acknowledging that discursive and methodological differences between computer science and graphic design renders interdisciplinary collaboration problematic, this paper places the onus on design practitioners and researchers to engage with research into AI-supported graphic design.
Physicochemical Properties of Bottom Sediments in Maruba Dam Reservoir, Machakos, Kenya

Bottom sediments form an integral part of the aquatic ecosystem, where they serve as important sinks for contaminants. However, management options for bottom sediments require an analysis of the physical and chemical properties. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the physicochemical properties of bottom sediments in the Maruba dam reservoir in order to inform their potential use. The bottom sediments were obtained from three sampling points using a vibe-coring device. The samples were analyzed for grain size, sediment bulk density, pH, electrical conductivity, organic matter content, and nutrient content (nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium) using standard laboratory procedures. The results of the study revealed that the bottom sediments were predominantly clay (56%). The mean pH value of the sediments was 6.63, which was found to be slightly acidic. The concentration of cations and anions in the bottom sediments was found to be quite high, with a mean value of 0.225 dS⋅m−1. The bottom sediments in the reservoir were found to be quite rich in the organic matter content (2.10%) and had a mean bulk density of 0.620 g·cm−3. The macronutrients (nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorous) had mean values of 0.12%, 0.46%, and 12.81 mg·kg−1, respectively. The study established that finely grained particles together with organic matter had a potential effect on the availability of macronutrients in bottom sediments. The concentration of the macronutrients of the bottom sediments evaluated in this study points to their potential use in agricultural activities or even in land reclamation.
Psychologically Durable Design – Definitions and Approaches

Abstract This paper provides a definition of ‘psychologically durable design’ and clarifies its relationship to ‘emotionally durable design’. Psychologically durable design, not the least in the form of ‘emotionally durable design’, has emerged as an important means to ensure more sustainable designs, since many types of consumer product are often replaced before their physical function is compromised. However, there are still no exhaustive answers as to how to create more psychologically durable products, or detailed definitions of psychologically durable design. To address this issue, this paper provides such a definition in terms of durable instrumental, hedonic, and symbolic value. On this basis, the paper defines four types of durable product relationship, of which only two are related to ‘emotional durability’.
Cardiac Remodeling in Cancer-Induced Cachexia: Functional, Structural, and Metabolic Contributors

Cancer cachexia is a syndrome of progressive weight loss and muscle wasting occurring in many advanced cancer patients. Cachexia significantly impairs quality of life and increases mortality. Cardiac atrophy and dysfunction have been observed in patients with cachexia, which may contribute to cachexia pathophysiology. However, relative to skeletal muscle, little research has been carried out to understand the mechanisms of cardiomyopathy in cachexia. Here, we review what is known clinically about the cardiac changes occurring in cachexia, followed by further discussion of underlying physiological and molecular mechanisms contributing to cachexia-induced cardiomyopathy. Impaired cardiac contractility and relaxation may be explained by a complex interplay of significant heart muscle atrophy and metabolic remodeling, including mitochondrial dysfunction. Because cardiac muscle has fundamental differences compared to skeletal muscle, understanding cardiac-specific effects of cachexia may bring light to unique therapeutic targets and ultimately improve clinical management for patients with cancer cachexia.
A Comparison of Computer-Aided Diagnosis Schemes Optimized Using Radiomics and Deep Transfer Learning Methods

Objective: Radiomics and deep transfer learning are two popular technologies used to develop computer-aided detection and diagnosis (CAD) schemes of medical images. This study aims to investigate and to compare the advantages and the potential limitations of applying these two technologies in developing CAD schemes. Methods: A relatively large and diverse retrospective dataset including 3000 digital mammograms was assembled in which 1496 images depicted malignant lesions and 1504 images depicted benign lesions. Two CAD schemes were developed to classify breast lesions. The first scheme was developed using four steps namely, applying an adaptive multi-layer topographic region growing algorithm to segment lesions, computing initial radiomics features, applying a principal component algorithm to generate an optimal feature vector, and building a support vector machine classifier. The second CAD scheme was built based on a pre-trained residual net architecture (ResNet50) as a transfer learning model to classify breast lesions. Both CAD schemes were trained and tested using a 10-fold cross-validation method. Several score fusion methods were also investigated to classify breast lesions. CAD performances were evaluated and compared by the areas under the ROC curve (AUC). Results: The ResNet50 model-based CAD scheme yielded AUC = 0.85 ± 0.02, which was significantly higher than the radiomics feature-based CAD scheme with AUC = 0.77 ± 0.02 (p < 0.01). Additionally, the fusion of classification scores generated by the two CAD schemes did not further improve classification performance. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that using deep transfer learning is more efficient to develop CAD schemes and it enables a higher lesion classification performance than CAD schemes developed using radiomics-based technology.
DKK-1 Is Underexpressed in Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis and Further Downregulated by IL-17

Dickkopf-1 (Dkk-1) is a key regulator of bone remodeling in spondyloarthropathies. Nevertheless, data regarding its expression in cells of pathophysiologic relevance, such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), are lacking. Herein, we aimed to address DKK1 gene expression and Wnt pathway activation in MSCs from patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and explore the effect of IL-17 on MSCs with respect to DKK-1 expression and Wnt pathway activation. Primary MSCs were isolated from the bone marrow of the femoral head of two patients with AS and two healthy controls undergoing orthopedic surgery. MSCs were cultured for 7 days in expansion medium and for 21 days in osteogenic medium in the presence or absence of IL-17A. Gene expression of DKK-1 and osteoblastic markers was determined by RT-PCR. Alkaline phosphatase activity, alizarin red and Van Kossa staining were used to assess osteoblastic function and mineralization capacity. DKK-1 was significantly downregulated in MSCs and osteoblasts from patients with AS compared to controls. Moreover, MSCs and osteoblasts from AS patients displayed increased Wnt pathway activation and enhanced osteoblastic activity, as indicated by increased expression of osteoblast marker genes and alkaline phosphatase activity. IL-17 downregulated DKK-1 expression and increased osteoblastic activity and mineralization capacity. DKK-1 is underexpressed in MSCs from AS patients compared to controls, whereas IL-17 has an inhibitory effect on DKK-1 expression and stimulates osteoblastic function. These data may have pathogenetic and clinical implications in AS.
An assessment of the relationship between driving skills and driving behaviors among Chinese bus drivers

To provide helpful suggestions to bus companies regarding reducing the number of bus accidents and improving public transportation safety, we further researched the relationship between driving skills and driving behaviors; bus drivers from six bus companies of the Hefei Bus Group were investigated. The reliability and validity of the Driver Behaviour Questionnaire, the Driver Skill Inventory, and 287 valid questionnaires were tested; the relationships between the Driver Behaviour Questionnaire and Driver Skill Inventory factors were explored; and their influence on traffic accidents was analyzed by structural equation modeling. Significant positive associations were found between driving experience and safety motive, whereas negative relationships were found between errors and safety motive. Safety motive has a negative effect on violations, and violations are the most important factor leading to traffic accidents. Therefore, bus companies should enhance safety education, and interventions should not only directly relate to the involvement of bus drivers in traffic accidents but also consider the role played by violations.
Cougar swing: A web site model curriculum devoted toward improving hitting productivity for varsity baseball competition

This project is a multimedia web page curriculum to help students at Canyon Springs High School who participate in extra-curricular baseball. The curriculum is on hitting instruction. It was designed because there was no curriculum for such material within the state frameworks. The curriculum includes concepts related to hitting a baseball. Each concept is linked to information and visual cues to aid students in the body movements of hitting a baseball. Drills are included to reinforce the concepts included in the project. This project can be used^ on the field of play, in a classroom, or at home as long as the proper video and computer equipment is available. In addition to the instruction within the project, students will have the ability to correct flaws in their hitting stroke by using the hitting evaluation checklist included in the project. Students can correct mistakes themselves or seek a coach's help in developing an individual educational plan for practice that day, or over a sequence of days.
SR (Supernumerary Robotic) Fingers

A wearable robot, namely Supernumerary Robotic Fingers, can be developed to augment the capabilities of the human hand that can help perform a variety of prehensile, bimanual, and manipulation tasks single-handedly. The patients can use the fingers to recover their grasping abilities presenting an active compensatory tool in the initial phases of therapeutic recovery and rehabilitation to promote the use of the arm even if the hand grasp function is not recovered. The patients can intuitively control the two robotic fingers using the flex sensors attached to their fingers through a hand glove and IMU. These robotic fingers may provide chronic hemiparetic patients with assistance to lead independent and productive lives. The proposed solution is intended to act as a rehabilitation device to assist the hands in bimanual tasks like grasping and manipulating objects.
Perubahan Histopatologis Sel Epitel Midgut Larva Nyamuk Aedes aegypti Akibat Paparan Insektisida Nabati

Nyamuk Aedes aegypti merupakan vektor utama penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD). Berbagai upaya pencegahan dilakukan untuk menurunkan populasi nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Salah satunya dengan menggunakan insektisida baik sintetik maupun organik. Bioinsektisida menjadi alternatif yang banyak digunakan saat ini karena lebih aman terhadap manusia, hewan dan lingkungan. Larvasida merupakan salah satu bentuk insektisida yang menyerang tempat perindukan nyamuk di air. Larvasida bekerja dengan berbagai mekanisme dan menyerang berbagai target organ termasuk midgut larva. Berdasarkan beberapa penelitian, insektisida nabati terbukti menyebabkan sel epitel midgut larva menjadi lisis, berubah bentuk, vakuolisasi sitoplasma dan terlepas dari membran basal. Membran peritrofik, mikrovili dan brush border mengalami kerusakan parsial maupun total. Perubahan histopatologis sel epitel midgut larva Aedes aegypti ini disebabkan oleh senyawa metabolit baik tunggal maupun kombinasi yang terdapat dalam ekstrak tanaman.
Bicycle drivetrain noise and vibration test development

Filipe Manuel da Fonseca Caçador v Abstract The bicycle market gets ever more competitive, as bicycle utilization is growing, from commuting to competition, and every detail is important. The noise originated by the bicycle’s drivetrain won’t reach levels that can cause physiological effects, but can cause psychological effects on the rider, such as annoyance or focus loss, thus being a determinant factor for the client. Being able to test bicycle drivetrain noise would allow to compare different drivetrains and attest product improvements. The objective of this investigation is to develop a test that quantifies the noise for any bicycle drivetrain. Two hypotheses were investigated, vibration measurement and audio recording. Both hypotheses recorded the variation of an amplitude signal over time, that was then analyzed in frequency domain using FFT filters and quantified by RMS. A bicycle was equipped with a power meter and a cycling computer to display values of cadence and power, and fitted to a stationary trainer. Movement and load were generated by riding and braking the rear wheel. The accelerometer fixation and the vibration and audio data filtering were decided based on results of initial tests. A rattling noise characteristic of a bicycle’s drivetrain is audible on audio tests filtered between 3000 Hz and 14000 Hz. Noise levels increased at the chain engagement frequency, it’s double and at frequencies above. The results demonstrated that power, polygonal effect and cross chaining cause a small but noticeable increase in noise level, whereas cadence, chainring teeth number and component design significantly raise the levels of noise. Vibration and audio tests results had a good correlation and both achieved results consistent with what was expected when applied to different drivetrains. Vibration measurement might enable obtaining drivetrain noise results on real world riding, using portable vibration measurement and recording equipment.
Hesperidin Bioavailability Is Increased by the Presence of 2S-Diastereoisomer and Micronization—A Randomized, Crossover and Double-Blind Clinical Trial

Hesperidin is a flavanone abundantly found in citrus fruits for which health beneficial effects have been reported. However, hesperidin shows a low bioavailability among individuals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the micronization process and 2R- and 2S-hesperidin diastereoisomers ratio on hesperidin bioavailability. In a first phase, thirty healthy individuals consumed 500 mL of orange juice with 345 mg of hesperidin, and the levels of hesperidin metabolites excreted in urine were determined. In the second phase, fifteen individuals with intermediate hesperidin metabolite levels excreted in urine were randomized in a crossover, postprandial and double-blind intervention study. Participants consumed 500 mg of the hesperidin-supplemented Hesperidin epimeric mixture (HEM), the micronized Hesperidin epimeric mixture (MHEM) and micronized 2S-Hesperidin (M2SH) in each study visit with 1 week of washout. Hesperidin metabolites and catabolites were determined in blood and urine obtained at different timepoints over a 24 h period. The bioavailability—relative urinary hesperidin excretion (% of hesperidin ingested)—of M2SH (70 ± 14%) formed mainly by 2S-diastereoisomer was significantly higher than the bioavailability of the MHEM (55 ± 15%) and HEM (43 ± 8.0%), which consisted of a mixture of both hesperidin diastereoisomers. Relative urinary excretion of hesperidin metabolites for MHEM (9.2 ± 1.6%) was significantly higher compared to the HEM (5.2 ± 0.81%) and M2SH (3.6 ± 1.0%). In conclusion, the bioavailability of 2S-hesperidin extract was higher compared to the standard mixture of 2S-/2R-hesperidin extract due to a greater formation of hesperidin catabolites. Furthermore, the micronization process increased hesperidin bioavailability.
The Association Between Opioid Use and Opioid Type and the Clinical Course and Outcomes of Acute Pancreatitis

Objectives Basic science studies suggest that opioids aggravate disease severity and outcomes in acute pancreatitis. We sought to determine the association of opioid use and opioid type with the clinical course and outcome of acute pancreatitis. Methods In this retrospective single-center observational study, we included all adult patients admitted with acute pancreatitis between 2008 and 2021. Patients were classified into 3 groups based on analgesia type: morphine, noonmorphine opioid, and nonopioid. Results We included 2308 patients. Of the patients, 343 (14.9%) were treated with morphine, 733 (31.8%) were treated with nonmorphine opioids, and 1232 (53.4%) patients were in the nonopioid group. The incidence of 30-day mortality did not differ significantly between study groups: 3.9%, 2.9%, and 4.4% in the nonopioid, nonmorphine-opioid, and morphine groups, respectively (P = 0.366). In multivariate analysis, the composite end point consisting of 30-day mortality, invasive ventilation, emergent abdominal surgery, and need for vasopressors was significantly more likely to occur in the morphine group than in the nonopioid group (adjusted odds ratio, 1.69; 95% confidence interval, 1.1–2.598; P = 0.01). Conclusions Mortality among acute pancreatitis patients did not differ significantly between patients receiving morphine, nonmorphine opioids, and nonopioids. However, morphine treatment was associated with higher rates of some serious adverse events.
Integrated IoT technology in industrial lasers for the improved user experience

The end users’ biggest concern for any industrial equipment is the reliability and the service down-time. This is especially true for industrial lasers as they are typically used in fully or semi- automated processes. Here we demonstrate how to use the integrated Internet of Things (IoT) technology in industrial lasers to address the reliability and the service down-time so to improve end users’ experience.