Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Towards Optimizing Memory Mapping of Persistent Memory in UMap

—The exponential growth in data set sizes across multiple domains creates challenges in terms of storing data efﬁciently as well as performing scalable computations on such data. Memory mapping ﬁles on different storage types offers a uniform interface as well as programming productivity for applications that perform in-place or out-of-core computations. However, multi-threaded applications incur an I/O contention on mapped ﬁles, hampering their scalability. Also, many applications handle sparse data structures, rendering storage efﬁciency a desirable feature. To address these challenges, we present SparseStore , a tool for transparently partitioning a memory-mapped persistent region into multiple ﬁles with dynamic and sparse allocation. We provide SparseStore as a part of UMap, a user-space page management tool for memory mapping [1]. Our experiments demonstrated that using UMap with SparseStore yielded up to 12x speedup compared to system-level mmap, and up to 2x speedup compared to the default UMap that maps a single ﬁle.
Overseas Background of Executives and Corporate Innovation— Based on the Mediating Role of Financing Constraints and Internal Control

Firms can only adapt to new opportunities in the new era through continuous innovation, and talent is the engine that drives innovation activities. This paper selects data related to overseas executives and corporate innovation of A-share listed companies from 2005-2021 to empirically test the impact of executives' overseas background on corporate innovation. It is found that overseas executives significantly promote corporate innovation and act on corporate innovation mainly through two mediating effects of enhancing internal control and reducing financing constraints. The study further finds that the promotion of corporate innovation by executives' overseas backgrounds is more pronounced in non-state enterprises, and the promotion of corporate innovation is stronger among executives with overseas posting backgrounds and those with both overseas posting and study backgrounds. The findings of the study provide path suggestions for enterprises to implement innovation development, and also provide a theoretical basis for enterprises to select returnee talents.
Denticle morphology in the Pacific Spiny Dogfish, Squalus suckleyi

To learn more about the denticle morphology and potential for replacement in the denticles of Squalus suckleyi , the Pacific spiny dogfish, a survey of denticle shapes using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was conducted. This provides the knowledge of what is expected in denticle shape and serves as a baseline for future comparisons. Denticle shapes were seen to change over the regions of the body as well as over ontogeny. Denticle shapes were also linked to the function at the different regions of the body. Since there is no dental lamina in denticles, denticles were not seen to replace like oral teeth which went against the predicted expectations. The emergence pattern of the denticles in embryos also went against the predictions as it was different from the previously recorded two dorsolateral rows. These two unexpected findings raise questions and provide a basis for future research. In addition, histology and micro-CT scan data provided information on how the denticles emerge in the embryos and provide a comparison of how similar replacement in adults and this first emergence in embryos look.
Direct Effects of Air Humidity on Dust Aerosol Production: Evidences for the Surprising Role of Electrostatic Forces

Dust aerosols are produced by wind erosion, and it is widely accepted that dust aerosols can be produced only if the wind speed exceeds a certain threshold velocity, which is largely controlled by soil moisture content. The relative humidity (RH) in the air could affect soil moisture content, thereby impacting dust production indirectly. However, it is not clear if the RH can directly change dust aerosol production. Here we simulated dust production and show that the RH does play a direct role in affecting the production of dust aerosol in a quite complicated way, which can be explained by a hypothesis that the RH affects both the electrostatic forces and wet‐bonding forces between soil particles in opposite directions. The current formula for dust aerosol production flux does not include the direct RH effect, and this study strongly suggests that it could lead to significant errors in estimating dust production.
Solving Differential Equations by New Wavelet Type Transform Method Based on the Wavelets and Symmetry Groups

The wavelets are important functions in the harmonic analysis. Up to our knowledge, apply wavelets to solve differential equations are limited to ODEs or PDEs with approximate and numerical solutions. In this paper, the novel methods based on the wavelets with two independent variables according to differential invariants are proposed. In fact, the transform groups are constructed that can be acted on the existing solutions and produced the new solution. These groups are based on the symmetry groups (obtained by the Lie symmetry method and other equivalence methods) and mother wavelets. The new method based on the wavelets are presented, new mother wavelets are produced, the corresponding wavelet type transform groups are provided and applied for solving the differential equations. Our method can be used for ODEs and PDEs at every order and give us the analytic solutions according to the existing solutions (from every method without any exception).
Dimensionally Tight Running Time Bounds for Second-Order Hamiltonian Monte Carlo

Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (HMC) is a widely deployed method to sample from a given high-dimensional distribution in Statistics and Machine learning. HMC is known to run very efficiently in practice and its second-order variant was conjectured to run in $d^{1/4}$ steps in 1988. Here we show that this conjecture is true when sampling from strongly log-concave target distributions that satisfy weak third-order regularity properties associated with the input data. This improves upon a recent result that shows that the number of steps of the second-order discretization of HMC grows like $d^{1/4}$ under the much stronger assumption that the distribution is separable and its first four Fr\'echet derivatives are bounded. Our result also compares favorably with the best available running time bounds for the class of strongly log-concave distributions, namely the current best bounds for both the overdamped and underdamped Langevin, and first-order HMC Algorithms, which all grow like $d^{{1}/{2}}$ with the dimension. Key to our result is a new regularity condition for the Hessian that may be of independent interest. The class of distributions that satisfy this condition are natural and include posterior distributions used in Bayesian logistic "ridge" regression.
Satisfiability of Arbitrary Public Announcement Logic with Common Knowledge is Σ11-hard

Arbitrary Public Announcement Logic with Common Knowledge (APALC) is an extension of Public Announcement Logic with common knowledge modality and quantifiers over announcements. We show that the satisfiability problem of APALC on S5-models, as well as that of two other related logics with quantification and common knowledge, is $\Sigma^1_1$-hard. This implies that neither the validities nor the satisfiable formulas of APALC are recursively enumerable. Which, in turn, implies that APALC is not finitely axiomatisable.
THE CIRCULAR ECONOMY VS THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT APPROACH TO PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION: THE CASE OF THE EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES

Production and consumption are both monitored in the context of progress toward a circular economy and sustainable development. In each case, the number and types of the implemented indicators are different. Thus, it is reasonable to ask about the comparability of information produced by two composite measures for equivalent research subjects: production and consumption. This is a thematic area of the EU Action Plan for the Circular Economy, as well as for responsible consumption and production, which is the 12th goal of the UN Agenda 2030. To scrutinize this problem in the European Union, this research aims to test statistically the similarity between the production and consumption composite indicators (based on Circular Economy Action Plan measures), and the responsible consumption and production composite indicators (based on the UN Agenda 2030 measures). The thesis that the application of the composite indicators generates significantly different results is not proved.
Multiple-Layer Triangular Defects in 4H-SiC Homoepitaxial Films Grown by Chemical Vapor Deposition

In this study, a special triangular defect (TD) was identified on 4H-SiC epitaxial wafers. The morphology and composition characteristics of these special TDs were revealed by Raman, atomic force microscope (AFM), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Compared to ordinary triangular defects, this defect protruded from the epitaxial layer and exhibited a laminated shape. The study also discussed the effects of several factors, such as C/Si ratio and growth time, on the triangular defects. Through analysis of these results, we developed methods to suppress the triangular defects. This research provides new insights into the morphology, structure, and composition of this serious destructive defect and is helpful for improving the performance of SiC epitaxial wafers.
HUMANIZATION IN THE MANAGEMENT OF THE NURSING TEAM

Of the problems that nurses face today, such as lack of human resources, lack of material resources, poor working conditions, overload of schedules, lack of professional appreciation, what causes them the most dissatisfaction is the lack of humanization by their hierarchical superiors and bosses. Nurses need to be considered, respected and valued in their workplace. The training of managers aims to develop leadership that inspires its employees by investing in proximity and individual and professional development. Knowledge/training in the area of human relations may be the key to assertiveness for future nurse managers, which will be reflected in the feeling of protection of those who provide care. It is important to make a serious investment in Leaders and Managers who are aware of the humanized care of their teams.
Profitability, Leverage, Efficiency and Financial Distress in Commercial and Manufacturing State Corporations in Kenya

Purpose: The major goal was to investigate effect of profitability, leverage, and efficiency on financial distress in Kenya's State Corporations in the commercial and manufacturing sector. The study also attempted to determine moderating effect of size on relationship between profitability, leverage, efficiency, and financial distress in Kenyan Commercial and Manufacturing Corporations. Methodology: Positivist philosophy and explanatory non-experimental research approach were used in this investigation. The study's population consisted of 25 State Corporations in Kenya in Commercial and manufacturing category. For the purposes of this study, a census of all 25 Commercial and Manufacturing Corporations was employed in study. Secondary data from audited accounts of state corporations for period 2015-2020 was used in analysis. Binary logistic regression was used in analysis. Diagnostics tests included multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity, likelihood ratio and autocorrelation tests. STATA statistical software was used to analyse data. Findings were presented using tables. Findings: The research outcomes indicated that profitability had significant effect on financial distress of commercial and manufacturing state corporations. Results also indicated that leverage had insignificant effect on financial distress. Efficiency also had significant effect on financial distress. The study adopted the product term interaction model approach in testing moderating effect of firm size on relationship between profitability, leverage and efficiency on financial distress. There was evidence showing that firm size significantly moderated the relationship between efficiency and financial distress in commercial and manufacturing state corporations in Kenya. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: This study relied on Agency, Stewardship, Efficiency, Pecking-order and Trade-off theories.The results indicated that profitability and efficiency variables are useful to management, those charged with governance and users of financial statement information in detection and mitigation of financial distress. The management and users of financial statements information should pay attention particularly to profitability and efficiency ratios. Findings are also useful to the government by providing an insight of distressed firms so that the exchequer can know and make prudence decision on the distressed state corporations that require financial bailouts. Lastly, this study adds a contribution to the limited literatures on financial distress in commercial and manufacturing state corporations in Kenya.
Emergency management capability evaluation of chemical parks based on PFDEMATEL‐G1 and PFTOPSIS

Conducting an evaluation of the emergency management capacity of the chemical park and implementing targeted improvements based on the assessment results can significantly enhance the emergency preparedness and response capabilities of both the management departments and enterprises. This article proposes an emergency management capability assessment model for chemical parks based on PFDEMATEL (the Pythagorean fuzzy decision‐making trial and evaluation laboratory)‐G1 (the ordinal relation method) and PFTOPSIS (the Pythagorean fuzzy set TOPSIS). Firstly, based on the four stages of emergency management of chemical parks, emergency prevention, emergency preparedness, emergency response, and emergency recovery, an index system for evaluating the emergency management capacity of chemical parks was established. Secondly, PFDEMATEL is used to modify the G1 method to determine the index weight, so as to realize the objective rationality of the G1 method empowerment. On this basis, an emergency management capability evaluation model of chemical park to improve PFTOPSIS is proposed. Finally, taking three chemical parks as examples, the applicability of the evaluation model is verified. The research results can provide a theoretical reference for the emergency management decision‐making of governments and enterprises, improve the status quo of emergency management, and improve the prevention and handling capabilities of emergencies.
Climate Silence in Sociology? How Elite American Sociology, Environmental Sociology, and Science and Technology Studies Treat Climate Change

Climate change is among the most pressing problems of our time, yet it remains a marginal topic in sociology. This study draws on citation network analysis, qualitative coding, and computational text analysis of articles published between 2015 and 2020 in select journals in U.S. elite sociology, environmental sociology, and science and technology studies (STS) to better understand differences and similarities in how these (sub)fields approach—or ignore—climate change. We map the structural relations of the research on climate change in these (sub)fields and analyze patterns in the substantive and theoretical engagement with the topic. Building on our analysis, we conclude by suggesting potential paths for stimulating further climate change research at the intersection of environmental sociology and STS and to propose tentative strategies for researchers to bring climate change into the sociological mainstream.
Genetic Assessment Agent for High-School Student and Machine Co-Learning Model Construction on Computational Intelligence Experience

This paper presents a genetic assessment agent and a student and machine co-learning model for high-school students' computational intelligence (CI) experience. We invited the IEEE CIS High School Outreach (HSO) subcommittee members of the years 2021–2022 to provide lectures at CIS activities and conferences and constructed a basic CI conceptual knowledge structure for high-school student learning. From 2021 to 2022 in Taiwan, we collected high-school students' learning data, including labels, attitudes, environment, and effort, from the CI&AI-FML platform using robots and learning tools, then processed the data using natural language processing (NLP) techniques to efficiently evaluate high-school students' learning state. We then applied three evolutionary computation techniques: genetic algorithm (GA), particle swarm optimization (PSO), and genetic algorithm neural network (GANN) in the proposed genetic assessment agent for the co-learning model, with learning performance regression analysis. In this paper, a CI&AI-FML human and machine co-learning Metaverse model is presented as a solution, which provides hands-on learning and experience while also supporting student-centered online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Students participated in the course during the 2022 Spring semester to learn basic CI concepts and experience CI applications through interaction with machines using the developed CI&AI- FML learning tools. The experimental results indicate that the genetic assessment agent with the GANN method has better performance in the student and machine co-learning model as compared to the other two methods, and it is effective for student and machine co-learning model construction.
Euro Area Inflation after the Pandemic and Energy Shock: Import Prices, Profits and Wages

IMF Working Papers describe research in progress by the author(s) and are published to elicit comments and to encourage debate. The views expressed in IMF Working Papers are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the IMF, its Executive Board, or IMF management. ABSTRACT: We document the importance of import prices and domestic profits as a counterpart to the recent increase in euro area inflation. Through a novel consumption deflator decomposition, we show that import prices account for 40 percent of the average change in the consumption deflator over 2022Q1 – 2023Q1, while domestic profits account for 45 percent. The increase in nominal profits was largest in sectors benefiting from increasing international commodity prices and those exposed to recent supply-demand mismatches. While the results show that firms have passed on more than the nominal cost shock, and have fared relatively better than workers, the limited available data does not point to a widespread increase in markups. Looking ahead, assuming nominal wage growth of around 4.5 percent over 2023-24 – slightly below the level seen in Q1 2023 – and broadly unchanged productivity, a normalization of the profit share to the average level over 2015-19 will be necessary to achieve a convergence of inflation to target over the next two years. Monetary policy will thus need to remain restrictive to anchor expectations and maintain subdued demand such that workers and firms settle on relative price setting that is consistent with disinflation.
Combination of quasiconvex subgroups of relatively hyperbolic groups

For relatively hyperbolic groups, we investigate conditions guaranteeing that the subgroup generated by two quasiconvex subgroups Q1 and Q2 is quasiconvex and isomorphic to Q1 � Q1\Q2 Q2. Our results generalize known combination theorems for quasiconvex subgroups of word hyperbolic groups. Some applications are presented. Mathematics Subject Classification (2000). 20F65, 20F67.
The Evolution of Open Source Analyzing the values and benefits from our shared commons

Since the 1970’s the production of software has evolved down a variety of paths. As digital technology development accelerated at an exponential rate, firms, governments, and individuals alike began investing labor into utilizing digital technology to solve a variety of problems. In this essay, I will explore the traditional oppositional structure posited by Eric Raymond between open source and proprietary production of software. Then, I will analyze how the software landscape has fundamentally changed, altering the relations of these two modes of software production and most importantly, how this has impacted the value generated from digital infrastructure which plays an increasingly vital part in our daily lives.
Fact sheet on KiGGS Wave 1: German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents – First follow-up interview

Adequate exercise is of major importance for healthy development in childhood and adolescence. Children have a natural urge for movement which can be met through both everyday physical exercise as well as targeted sport exercises. Sport can be referred to here as a specific form of physical activity, which is often of a playful or competitive character and which is performed with the aim of sustaining or increasing performance (Caspersen et al. 1985; Bouchard et al. 2012). Depending on which type of sport is played, totally different types of motor skills can be trained, such as strength, endurance, speed and responsiveness. There are proven positive effects for the cardio-vascular system and the muscular-skeletal apparatus (USDHHS 1996; Janssen, LeBlanc 2010). In addition, sport contributes to personality development and general well-being (Eime et al. 2013). Through membership in a sports association children and adolescents can establish contacts outside of their family, child day care facility and school and acquire important social skills (Diehl et al. 2014). Also sport can contribute toward integration (BMI 2010). The health risks of sport include injuries and complaints as a result of misand over-loading (DGSP 2013).
Cyberbullying at a Texas University - A Mixed Methods Approach to Examining Online Aggression

Objective: Cyberbullying is characterized by utilizing digital technology repeatedly to purposefully send information about another person to inflict harm. The objective of this mixed-methods study was to identify the prevalence for victimization and bullying behaviors, as well as to examine undergraduate students’ perceptions and experiences with cyberbullying. Participants: This study was conducted from to 2011 to 2012 among undergraduate students at a Texas university (N = 286). Methods: Prevalence of cyberbullying victimization/offending behaviors, and demographic variables were measured. Open-ended questions inquiring about personal cyberbullying experiences were included. Results: Cyberbullying typically occurred through text message, email, and social networking sites. Approximately 32.4% of participants experienced at least two types of victimization and 16% of the study population reported victimizing others in two or more ways. Participants indicated that they were often cyberbullied due to relationship break-ups or disagreements in the dormitory. Behavioral impacts such as avoiding new friends and not trusting others were reported, as well as emotional reactions such as suicide ideation. Conclusions: Administrators and faculty should focus on changing the campus culture to promote prevention, intervention, and enforcement of cyberbullying.