Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Explosion Mechanisms of Core-Collapse Supernovae

Supernova theory, numerical and analytic, has made remarkable progress in the past decade. This progress was made possible by more sophisticated simulation tools, especially for neutrino transport, improved microphysics, and deeper insights into the role of hydrodynamic instabilities. Violent, large-scale nonradial mass motions are generic in supernova cores. The neutrino-heating mechanism, aided by nonradial flows, drives explosions, albeit low-energy ones, of O-Ne-Mg-core and some Fe-core progenitors. The characteristics of the neutrino emission from newborn neutron stars were revised, new features of the gravitational-wave signals were discovered, our notion of supernova nucleosynthesis was shattered, and our understanding of pulsar kicks and explosion asymmetries was significantly improved. But simulations also suggest that neutrino-powered explosions might not explain the most energetic supernovae and hypernovae, which seem to demand magnetorotational driving. Now that modeling is being advanced from.
The Effect of Sleep on Workplace Interpersonal Conflict: The Mediating Role of Ego Depletion

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between sleep and workplace interpersonal conflict and the role of ego depletion as the mediating mechanism. A survey was conducted daily for two weeks using an experience sampling method. A sample of 79 employees from the East Coast of China was collected. A multilevel regression analysis was conducted to test the proposed hypotheses. Results indicated that higher sleep quantity was associated with lower daily ego depletion at noon and lower workplace interpersonal conflict. Moreover, ego depletion mediated the effects of sleep quantity on workplace interpersonal conflict. The findings identified the adverse effects of insufficient sleep on daily interpersonal interactions and provided a valuable perspective on workplace interpersonal conflict management. Furthermore, the study broadened the scope of antecedents that impact how employees experience daily workplace interpersonal conflict and assessed the mediating role of ego depletion in this relationship.
Fast Scram blers

We consider the problem of how fast a quantum system can scramble (thermalize) information, given that the interactions are between bounded clusters of degrees of freedom; pairwise interactions would be an example. Based on previous work, we conjecture: 1) The most rapid scramblers take a time logarithmic in the number of degrees of freedom. 2) Matrix quantum mechanics (systems whose degrees of freedom are n by n matrices) saturate the bound. 3) Black holes are the fastest scramblers in nature. The conjectures are based on two sources, one from quantum information theory, and the other from the study of black holes in String Theory.
DIVISION XII / COMMISSION 14 / WORKING GROUP COLLISION PROCESSES

Research in atomic and molecular collision processes and spectral line broadening has been very active since our last report, Peach, Dimitrijević & Stancil 2009. Given the large volume of the published literature and the limited space available, we have attempted to identify work most relevant to astrophysics. Since our report can not be comprehensive, additional publications can be found in the databases at the web addresses listed in the final section. Elastic and inelastic collisions among electrons, atoms, ions, and molecules are included and charge transfer can be very important in collisions between heavy particles.
Bound states near a moving charge in a quantum plasma

It is investigated how the shielding of a moving point charge in a one-component fully degenerate fermion plasma affects the bound states near the charge at velocities smaller than the Fermi one. The shielding is accounted for by using the Lindhard dielectric function, and the resulting potential is substituted into the Schrödinger equation in order to obtain the energy levels. Their number and values are shown to be primarily determined by the value of the charge and the quantum plasma coupling parameter, while the main effect of the motion is to split certain energy levels. This provides a link between quantum plasma theory and possible measurements of spectra of ions passing through solids.
Penerapan Data Mining Untuk Membentuk Kelompok Belajar Menggunakan Metode Clustering Di SMK Negeri 3 Seluma

Pengelompokan siswa kedalam beberapa kelompok sering kali mengalami kendala untuk menentukan kelompok yang optimal. Sulitnya mengelompokkan siswa kedalam kelompok – kelompok yang optimal menjadi tantangan tersendiri yang membutuhkan model matematis berdasarkan informasi dari data kemampuan tiap siswa, maka dari itu untuk menyelesaikan masalah tersebut menggunakan K-Means clustering yang dimanfaatkan untuk membentuk kelompok siswa dengan melakukan pengelompokkan siswa dengan karakteristik yang sama yang kemudian dapat dibentuk kelompok belajar dengan mengambil siswa dari setiap kelompok menjadi kelompok belajar yang baru sehingga kelompok belajar yang terbentuk akan optimal dikarenakan terdiri dari siswa dengan karakteristik yang berbeda serta varian kemampuan yang besar.Hasil penerapan Teknik clustering K-Means dapat digunakan oleh sekolah SMK Negeri 3 Seluma dalam membentuk kelompok belajar siswa sesuai dengan banyaknya jumlah siswa, dimana nanti diharap dapat untuk mengevaluasi dan menganalisis perkembangan siswa
Multiplicative Torsion and Axial Noether Charge

Some times ago, a Lagrangian density has been proposed by the author where only the local symmetries of the Lorentz subgroup of (A)ds group is retained. This formalism has been found to produce some results encompassing that of standard Einstein-Hilbert formalism. In the present article, the conserved axial vector matter currents, constructed in some earlier paper, have been found to be a result of Noether's theorem.
Efficient graph representations

Explanatory remarks Introduction Implicit representation Intersection and containment representations Real numbers in graph representations Classes which use global information Visibility graphs Intersection of graph classes Graph classes defined by forbidden subgraphs Chordal bipartite graphs Matrices Decomposition Elimination schemes Recognition algorithms Robust algorithms for optimization problems Characterization and construction Applications Glossary Survey of results on graph classes Bibliography Index.
The rise of the C iv mass density at z < 2.5

The cosmic evolution of the metal content of the intergalactic medium puts stringent constraints on the properties of galactic outflows and on the nature of UV background. In this paper, we present a new measure of the redshift evolution of the mass density of CIV, Ω CIV , in the interval 1.5 ≲ z ≲ 4 based on a sample of more than 1500 C IV lines with column densities 10 12 ≲ N(CIV) ≲ 10 15 cm -2 . This sample more than doubles the absorption redshift path covered in the range z < 2.5 by previous samples. The result shows a significant increase of Ω CIV towards the lower redshifts at variance with the previously pictured constant behaviour.
Quark matter induced extensive air showers

If the dark matter of our Galaxy is composed of nuggets of quarks or antiquarks in a color superconducting phase there will be a small but nonzero flux of these objects through the Earth's atmosphere. A nugget of quark matter will deposit only a small fraction of its kinetic energy in the atmosphere and is likely to be undetectable. If however the impacting object is composed of antiquarks, the energy deposited can be quite large. In this case nuclear annihilations within the nugget will trigger an extensive air shower the particle content of which is similar to that produced by an ultrahigh energy cosmic ray. This paper gives a qualitative description of the basic properties of such a shower. Several distinctions from an air shower initiated by a single ultrahigh energy nucleus will be described, allowing these events to be distinguished from the cosmic ray background. The subtlety of these features may mean that some fraction of the high energy cosmic ray spectrum may in fact be due to this type of dark matter interaction. The estimated flux of dark matter nuggets and the energy deposited in the atmosphere are such that the Pierre Auger Observatory may prove an idealmore » facility to place constraints on the flux of heavy quark matter objects. This paper attempts to highlight the best techniques to search for a quark matter signature through an extensive air shower signal. « less
Intranight optical variability of radio-loud broad absorption line quasars

We present the results of an optical photometric monitoring program of 10 extremely radio loud broad absorption line quasars (RL-BALQSOs) with radio-loudness parameter, R, greater than 100 and magnitude g_i < 19. Over an observing run of about 3.5-6.5 hour we found a clear detection of variability for one of our 10 radio-loud BALQSOs with the INOV duty cycle of 5.1 per cent, while on including the probable variable cases, a higher duty cycle of 35.1 per cent is found; which are very similar to the duty cycle of radio quiet broad absorption line quasars (RQ-BALQSOs). This low duty cycle of clear variability per cent in radio-loud sub-class of BALQSOs can be understood under the premise where BALs outflow may arise from large variety of viewing angles from the jet axis or perhaps being closer to the disc plane.
A Scoping Review on Accentuating the Pragmatism in the Implication of Mobile Health (mHealth) Technology for Tuberculosis Management in India

Background: India continues to share a colossal count of the global tuberculosis load, with a perturbing 19% spring in the reported cases in 2021. With the National Tuberculosis Elimination Program (NTEP) consolidated to bring this epidemic to an end by 2025, the rapidly growing mobile health technologies can be utilized to offer promising results. Even though the implementation of this novel strategy is escalating around the globe, its triumph is still sub optimal in India. Objectives: This scoping review intends to explore the available mobile health (mHealth) technologies and analyse the effectiveness of the same for tuberculosis management in India. Methods: An elaborate search in electronic databases, such as PubMed and Google scholar, using the key terms and focussing from the year 2015, provided very broad results focussing on mHealth interventions and their utilisation in TB management in India. Further selection of the inclusive publications was carried out based upon the eligibility requirements as formulated for this review, pertaining to the objective of this study. Results: The collaborate search yielded a total of 858 scientific research papers. After the filtering of the obtained results, a total of 45 articles were selected to be analysed for this review. Published manuscripts, articles in peer review and abstracts from reliable databases were included to obtain vast range of information. Conclusion: The extensive literature search showed a preponderance of mHealth intervention studies focusing on TB treatment and drug monitoring. There exists a paucity of mHealth applications targeted to educate the public and intercept this infectious disease. The scientific articles reviewed and analysed in this scoping review strongly recommend the demployment of mHealth applications to achieve the target of eradicating TB by 2025 in India.
Cardiovascular adaptations and inflammation in marathon runners

Long-distance running has become increasingly popular. Cardiovascular adaptations to exercise are relevant to the specific sports and this is also the case in long-distance running. Significant changes regarding inflammatory and endothelial markers along with indices of oxidative stress are observed in marathon and ultra-marathon runners. However, data linking inflammatory marker levels with cardiovascular adaptations to marathon running are limited. The aim of the present study was to describe the cardiovascular adaptations observed in a group of ultra-marathon runners and the association with a series of inflammatory and endothelial markers measured in their plasma. A total of 43 ultra-marathon runners were assessed by echocardiography and a treadmill exercise test. Blood samples were used for tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, C-reactive protein, creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and oxidative stress indice measurements. Ultra-marathon runners who presented augmented left ventricular (LV) end diastolic diameters >55 mm had higher ADMA values (1.07±0.07 vs. 0.99±0.08 µmol/ml, P<0.01) and lower CPK values (192.5±21.3 vs. 219.1±37.3 mg/dl, P<0.05) compared with those with normal LV diameters. Runners with a moderate and severe abnormal indexed LV mass >131 g/m2 had statistically significant higher TNF-α values compared with runners, with mildly elevated and a normal LV mass indexed (16.2±1.42 vs. 14.0+1.16 pg/ml, P<0.05). Runners with an abnormal left atrial volume index (LAVI; >29 ml/m2) had higher IL-6 values compared with runners with a normal LAVI (1.09+0.19 vs. 0.99±0.08 pg/ml, P<0.05). ROC curves analysis revealed that ADMA values were able to predict an abnormal LV diameter detected by echocardiography [P<0.05; area under the curve (AUC), 0.763], while TNF-α values could predict an abnormal LV mass in marathon runners (P<0.05; AUC, 0.78). On the whole, the present study demonstrates that, in ultra-marathon runners, cardiovascular adaptations to running are characterized by a specific pattern of changes in inflammatory and endothelial markers, which in turn can be used to predict the occurrence of the observed adaptations.
Inversion symmetry of Josephson current as test of chiral domain wall motion in Sr 2 RuO 4

Clarifying the chiral domain structure of superconducting ${\mathrm{Sr}}_{2}{\mathrm{RuO}}_{4}$ has been a long-standing issue in identifying its peculiar topological superconducting state. We evaluated the critical current ${I}_{c}$ versus the magnetic field $H$ of Nb/${\mathrm{Sr}}_{2}{\mathrm{RuO}}_{4}$ Josephson junctions, changing the junction dimension in expectation of that the number of domains in the junction is controlled. ${I}_{c}(H)$ exhibits a recovery from inversion symmetry breaking to invariance when the dimension is reduced to several microns. This inversion invariant behavior indicates the disappearance of domain walls; thus, the size of a single domain is estimated at approximately several microns.
Performance Analysis of Active Structural Acoustic Control Applied to a Washing Machine

Great efforts are undertaken by scientists and manufacturers to reduce noise generated by devices present in the human environment. This task is particularly difficult in the case of low-frequency noise; however, active noise reduction methods can be a solution to such problems. The purpose of this article is to present the active noise-controlling casing method applied to a washing machine, whose noise generated during the spinning process is to be reduced. The paper presents a set of experimental measurements and analyses. It also provides hardware and software configuration details. The employed active control system can efficiently reduce noise, even by 16 dBA in the low-frequency range up to 300 Hz, which is an important step towards making the technology ready for manufacturing. The conclusions drawn are valid for different active noise-control applications, considering a variety of devices.
Factorization of exclusive electron-induced two-nucleon knockout

We investigate the factorization properties of the exclusive electroinduced two-nucleon knockout reaction A(e,e′pN). A factorized expression for the cross section is derived and the conditions for factorization are studied. The A(e,e′pN) cross section is shown to be proportional to the conditional center-of-mass (c.m.) momentum distribution for close-proximity pairs in a state with zero relative orbital momentum and zero radial quantum number. The width of this conditional c.m. momentum distribution is larger than the one corresponding with the full c.m. momentum distribution. It is shown that the final-state interactions (FSIs) only moderately affect the shape of the factorization function for the A(e,e′pN) cross sections. Another prediction of the proposed factorization is that the mass dependence of the A(e,e′pp) [A(e,e′pn)] cross sections is much softer than Z(Z−1)/2 [NZ].
Enhanced minimum attribute reduction based on quantum-inspired shuffled frog leaping algorithm

Attribute reduction in the rough set theory is an important feature selection method, but finding a minimum attribute reduction has been proven to be a non-deterministic polynomial (NP)-hard problem. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate some fast and effective approximate algorithms. A novel and enhanced quantum-inspired shuffled frog leaping based minimum attribute reduction algorithm (QSFLAR) is proposed. Evolutionary frogs are represented by multi-state quantum bits, and both quantum rotation gate and quantum mutation operators are used to exploit the mechanisms of frog population diversity and convergence to the global optimum. The decomposed attribute subsets are co-evolved by the elitist frogs with a quantum-inspired shuffled frog leaping algorithm. The experimental results validate the better feasibility and effectiveness of QSFLAR, comparing with some representative algorithms. Therefore, QSFLAR can be considered as a more competitive algorithm on the efficiency and accuracy for minimum attribute reduction.
The Second Law For the Transitions Between the Non-equilibrium Steady States

We show that the system entropy change for the transitions between non-equilibrium steadystates arbitrarily far from equilibrium for any constituting process is given by the relative entropyof the distributions of these steady states. This expression is then shown to relate to the dissipationrelations of both Vaikuntanathan and Jarzynski [
Visualização da alça anterior do nervo mentual e canal incisivo mandibular : comparação entre radiografia panorâmica e tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico

Procedimentos cirurgicos na regiao anterior de mandibula estao sujeitos a hemorragias no transcirurgico ou disturbios sensoriais no pos-operatorio. Para evitar possiveis lesoes a vasos e nervos, faz-se necessario uma avaliacao cuidadosa dessa regiao. Achados anatomicos como a alca anterior do nervo mentual (AANM) e o canal incisivo mandibular (CIM) encontram-se na regiao interforaminal. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a apresentacao dessas estruturas (AANM e CIM) em radiografias panorâmicas (PAN) e tomografias computadorizadas de feixe conico (TCFC) e determinar sua extensao anterior ao forame mentual (FM), em PAN e nas reconstrucoes panorâmica e parassagital da TCFC. A amostra consistiu de imagens de 91 individuos que possuiam PAN e TCFC. Foram consideradas as presencas da AANM e do CIM e; quando presentes, mediu-se o comprimento da extensao mesial ao FM, da AANM e/ou CIM, com diâmetro maior ou igual a 1 mm, tanto na PAN quanto na TCFC. Duas medidas mesiais ao FM foram obtidas, tendo dois planos de orientacao distintos: 1) na PAN e na reconstrucao panorâmica da TCFC, o plano de orientacao foi a base da mandibula; 2) o plano oclusal orientou a contagem dos cortes parassagitais da TCFC, que possuiam 0,25 mm de espessura. A analise estatistica dos dados empregou os teste Kappa, ICC, McNamer Bowker, ANOVA com teste de post hoc de Tukey e teste t. Na TCFC, a prevalencia da AANM chegou a 53,3% e do CIM a 58,8%. Ja na PAN, a frequencia de AANM chegou a 23,1% e do CIM a 19,8%. A PAN apresentou maior dificuldade de visualizacao para as duas estruturas. A extensao anterior ao FM dessas estruturas variou de 1,00 mm (ou 0 mm quando AANM e CIM estavam ausentes) ate 19,0 mm, quando observadas na TCFC. A PAN superestimou as medidas em aproximadamente 2,0 mm em media. A grande variacao das medidas demonstrou que nao e possivel determinar uma distância anterior ao FM segura para a instalacao de implantes. Considerando as limitacoes da PAN, recomenda-se o uso da TCFC para avaliacoes pre-cirurgicas de implantes, na regiao anterior de mandibula, de forma a evitar lesoes a vasos e nervos. Abstract
A Cost-Effective and QoS-Aware User Allocation Approach for Edge Computing Enabled IoT

In edge computing, the app vendors hire resources from edge servers and allocate them to app users to overcome the challenge of the limited computing capacities of their IoT devices. An app vendor intends to provide app services to the maximum number of users with the least number of edge servers in order to make efficient use of edge resources while reducing overall system costs. However, when an edge server has to serve more app users than its capacity, the Quality of Service (QoS) deteriorates. Thus, establishing a tradeoff between cost and QoS is a critical challenge in the process of allocating edge computing resources to users. It is referred to as the app user allocation (AUA) problem. To solve the AUA problem, we propose a distributed game-theoretic approach that finds a pure Nash equilibrium (PNE) as the optimal stable solution. We first model the AUA problem as a constrained optimization problem and then introduce a user allocation game (UAGame) to solve it. This UAGame employs a distributed edge server allocation (ESA) algorithm to reach PNE. The time complexity of the ESA algorithm is reduced by the edge server clustering. It has also been shown that the UAGame is a potential game, and therefore the ESA algorithm is guaranteed to converge at PNE. The performance of the ESA algorithm has also been studied theoretically and validated numerically.
Differences in Satellite‐Based Latent Heating Profiles Between the 2015/2016 Disruption and Westerly Phase of the Quasi‐Biennial Oscillation

Latent heating (LH) profiles from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and the Global Precipitation Measurement mission (GPM) were employed to examine the LH distribution during the quasi‐biennial oscillation (QBO) disruption in the 2015/2016 Northern Hemispheric (NH) winter. We used the LH anomalies from the observation era climatology to compensate for the discontinuity between the TRMM and GPM LH. The difference in the LH anomalies (LHd) between the 2015/2016 winter and the typical winter coinciding with the westerly QBO phase revealed that deeper convective systems in the 2015/2016 winter shifted to the equator, releasing more latent heat relative to the convective systems in the winters coinciding with the westerly QBO phase. Comparison of the LHds calculated for each winter of 1998–2019 shows that the changes in the convective systems in the 2015/2016 winter were statistically exceptional among the changes in other winters. Inside the convective systems, stronger latent heat release and more frequent occurrences of deep convective and deep‐stratiform rain cells made up the total LHd during the 2015/2016 winter. Specifically, convective rain cells mainly derived the LHd of the convective systems in the 2015/2016 winter, except in February 2016. The results suggest that the LH increase from the typical winter with the westerly QBO phase may be considered an unusual equatorial wave source during the 2015/2016 QBO disruption. The signatures of the LHd profiles in the 10°S–10°N zonal band are sourced from the abnormal convective systems that were shifted from the western Pacific to the central‐to‐eastern Pacific.