Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Potential Application of Canola Hull Fuel Pellets for the Production of Synthesis Gas and Hydrogen

The production of biopellets from agricultural residues is an effective method to overcome the expected shortage in the supply of fuel pellets in the future. This work focused on the new potential applications of fuel pellets to produce liquid and gas fuels through thermochemical and hydrothermal biomass-to-gas technologies. The outcomes also provide a basis to compare the effects of steam and hydrothermal gasification techniques on the properties of product and byproduct, as well as their potentials. For steam gasification, the syngas yield increased from 10.7 to 27.8 mmol/g (on a dry and ash-free basis) by a rise in the gasification temperature at a constant steam-to-biomass ratio. In the case of hydrothermal gasification, there was no carbon monoxide, and hydrogen was the main gas product, and with an increase in the temperature, the hydrogen yield rose from 0.4 mmol/g to 3.17 mmol/g with temperatures from 350 to 650 °C. CO had the largest share in the gas product from steam gasification, which was between 23.3 and 31.3 mol%. The range of the molar ratio of H2/CO for the steam gasification (1.13–1.40) showed the necessity of the further purification of gas products to utilize them as feed for liquid fuel production using the Fischer–Tropsch process. Examination of the mineral content of biochar that remained after the gasification techniques showed large essential elements in them compared with heavy metals, which shows potential for soil amendment. The results highlight the possibility of converting an agricultural residue into a value-added product with potential applications in the energy sector and agriculture.
In Situ Synthesis of AZO-Np in Guar Gum/PVOH Composite Fiber Mats for Potential Bactericidal Release

Since the number of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections is growing and cases are getting worse every year, the search for new alternative bactericidal wound dressing treatments is becoming crucial. Within this context, the use of polysaccharides from plants and seeds in innovative biopolymer technologies is of key importance. In this work, bio-nano-composite guar gum/polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) membranes loaded with aluminum-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles were produced via electrospinning. Citric acid was added to the mixture to increase spinnability. However, depending on the pH, zinc oxide nanoparticles are partially dissociated, decreasing their bactericidal efficiency. Thus, a second successful alkaline thermo-chemical regrowth step was added to the process to treat the obtained fibers. This alkaline thermo-chemical treatment reconstituted both the nanoparticles and their bactericidal properties. The Staphylococcus aureus antibacterial assay results show that the membranes obtained after the alkaline thermo-chemical treatment presented a 57% increase in growth inhibition.
Does Gender Impact Technology Adoption in Dual-Purpose Cattle in Mexico?

Simple Summary Small-scale systems are the most widespread productive system in developing countries. However, these systems have historically suffered from a low technological level, which constitutes their main problem and endangers the maintenance of the system and rural people who depend for their livelihood on it. Therefore, deepening the knowledge of the technology adoption process is key to its improvement, as well as including a gender approach to develop more effective public policies. In this research, very small commercial farms with a similar structure and size in the Mexican tropics (n = 383) were analysed, and the Social Network Analysis (SNA) was used to identify technology adoption patterns among male and female farmers of dual-purpose cattle. Five technological packages were analysed and statistically significant differences were found between genders in the area of reproduction. The results have shown that women even when not occupying central positions, are close to the leaders in the network, quickly adopting the re-productive technologies the leaders selected. Furthermore, farms run by women were smaller although with greater specialization and milk productivity, increasing productivity by 20%. Abstract This paper examines the role of women in the dual-purpose livestock system (DP) in Mexico through their technological adoption patterns and aims to evaluate whether there are significant differences between the technology adoption networks of men and women farmers. The sample was composed of 383 DP small farms with 20 or fewer cows and a high level of vulnerability. Social Network Analysis (SNA) was applied, and the centrality measures were calculated for the technological areas of management, feeding, genetics, reproduction, and animal health. Significant differences were found in reproduction levels between men and women farmers. Therefore, SNA was developed in this technological area where men mainly occupied central positions (brokers) while women were just close to the leaders in the network. The results have shown that farms run by women were smaller and presented higher levels of specialization and milk productivity (20% higher), and women prioritized those technologies linked to female reproductive efficiency. Moreover, women were deeply embedded in men’s networks through numerous ties and were capable of building connections with groups of farmers outside of their own group.
A method of measuring human body size based on image processing

In view of the current higher requirements for comfort issues such as adaptive car seat adjustment, human size measurement technology is gradually improving in China. In this paper, combined with the non-contact measurement technology method, a body size measurement system based on image processing is proposed. It combines image processing methods such as open pose human pose estimation and edge detection, and achieves the advantages of simple algorithm, fast processing speed and high accuracy, the error rate is 0.19125, to prepare for the self-adaptive car seat adjustment system, and also to provide a reliable reference for further improving the measurement method of human body size.
Dusty Cloud Acceleration by Radiation Pressure in Rapidly Star-forming Galaxies

We perform two-dimensional and three-dimensional radiation hydrodynamic simulations to study cold clouds accelerated by radiation pressure on dust in the environment of rapidly star-forming galaxies dominated by infrared flux. We utilize the reduced speed of light approximation to solve the frequency-averaged, time-dependent radiative transfer equation. We find that radiation pressure is capable of accelerating the clouds to hundreds of kilometers per second while remaining dense and cold, consistent with observations. We compare these results to simulations where acceleration is provided by entrainment in a hot wind, where the momentum injection of the hot flow is comparable to the momentum in the radiation field. We find that the survival time of the cloud accelerated by the radiation field is significantly longer than that of a cloud entrained in a hot outflow. We show that the dynamics of the irradiated cloud depends on the initial optical depth, temperature of the cloud, and intensity of the flux. Additionally, gas pressure from the background may limit cloud acceleration if the density ratio between the cloud and background is . In general, a 10 pc-scale optically thin cloud forms a pancake structure elongated perpendicular to the direction of motion, while optically thick clouds form a filamentary structure elongated parallel to the direction of motion. The details of accelerated cloud morphology and geometry can also be affected by other factors, such as the cloud lengthscale, reduced speed of light approximation, spatial resolution, initial cloud structure, and dimensionality of the run, but these have relatively little affect on the cloud velocity or survival time.
Largest scales from the largest galaxy surveys: the pseudo Karhunen-Loève method

The increasing area and depth of galaxy surveys will give us access to the largest scales in the Universe and allow for a direct test of the primordial power spectrum set by inflation. To take full advantage of the survey's volume, we must deal with redshift space distortions, growth of structure along the line of sight, luminosity-dependent bias, wide-angle effects and complex galaxy selection functions. We present a thorough description of the pseudo Karhunen-Loève method for measuring galaxy clustering, a method particularly well-tuned for the largest scales, and extend its applicability and power by taking into account light-cone effects, galaxy bias evolution, and by generalizing it to anisotropic selection functions. We also show that the combination of non-overlapping surveys result in more information than the sum of its parts and that clustering amplitude evolution along the line of sight, both due to galaxy bias and structure growth, must be taken into account at scales beyond the turn-over.
Emerging Trends in Curcumin Embedded Electrospun Nanofibers for Impaired Diabetic Wound Healing

Chronic wounds impose a significant burden on individuals and healthcare systems all over the world. Through clinical and preclinical investigations, inflammation and oxidative damage have been established as the primary causes of chronic wounds. These skin sores are easily exposed to microorganisms, which in turn cause inflammation and hinder the healing process. Additionally, microorganisms may cause an infection that prevents collagen production and reepithelialization. Curcumin’s antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-infectious characteristics, among others, have been identified as useful for diabetic wound healing management. However, curcumin has a few disadvantages, such as limited bioavailability, pH-dependent instability, water insolubility, slow cell absorption, and fast intracellular metabolism. These constraints necessitates the development of a suitable transporter to improve curcumin’s stability, bioavailability, therapeutic efficacy, and solubility. In recent years, Electrospun nanofiber mats have been an excellent choice for drug delivery because of their numerous advantages and inherent properties. Electrospun nanofibers have shown considerable promise as wound dressing materials. This review highlights the potential properties and recent advancements in using curcumin-loaded nanofibers for diabetic wound healing.
The Kelvin-Helmholtz instability in the Orion nebula: the effect of radiation pressure

The recent observations of rippled structures on the surface of the Orion molecular cloud (Bern\'{e} et al. 2010), have been attributed to the Kelvin-Helmholtz (KH) instability. The wavelike structures which have mainly seen near star-forming regions taking place at the interface between the hot diffuse gas, which is ionized by massive stars, and the cold dense molecular clouds. The radiation pressure of massive stars and stellar clusters is one of the important issues that has been considered frequently in the dynamics of clouds. Here, we investigate the influence of radiation pressure, from well-known Trapezium cluster in the Orion nebula, on the evolution of KH instability. The stability of the interface between HII region and molecular clouds in the presence of the radiation pressure, has been studied using the linear perturbation analysis for the certain range of the wavelengths. The linear analysis show that consideration of the radiation pressure intensifies the growth rate of KH modes and consequently decreases the e-fold time-scale of the instability. On the other hand the domain of the instability is extended and includes the more wavelengths, consisting of smaller ones rather than the case when the effect of the radiation pressure is not considered. Our results shows that for $\lambda_{\rm KH}>0.15\rm pc$, the growth rate of KH instability dose not depend to the radiation pressure. Based on our results, the radiation pressure is a triggering mechanism in development of the KH instability and subsequently formation of turbulent sub-structures in the molecular clouds near massive stars. The role of magnetic fields in the presence of the radiation pressure is also investigated and it is resulted that the magnetic field suppresses the effects induced by the radiation pressure.
A priori information and the degrees of freedom of noisy images

The effect of a priori information on the degrees of freedom of a noisy optical image is discussed under different conditions of coherence. Comparison is made between eigenmodes of the system’s point spread function and statistically uncorrelated modes. Numerical results are obtained for the number of degrees of freedom and the mode-mode correlation in the irradiance distribution of the image of a diffraction-limited incoherent system. The effect of the power spectra of the object on the results is pointed out.
Two Numerical Issues in Simulating Constrained Robot Dynamics

A common approach to formulating the dynamics of closed-chain mechanisms requires finding the forces of constraint at the loop closures. However, there are indications that this approach leads both to ill conditioned systems that must be inverted and to numerically unstable differential equations of motion. We derive a sufficient condition for ill conditioning of augmented dynamical systems/spl minus/that the mechanism's trajectory passes through, or very near, a kinematic singularity. In singular regions the equations of motion are also numerically stiff, and they frequently require special numerical methods for computer solution. We propose a new method of calculating closed-chain dynamics, based on the systematic elimination of variables that are both redundant and that may adversely affect the computations. This approach produces numerically stable solutions of the differential equations of motion, and the equations are apparently much less stiff than the equations produced by the traditional force-closure approach. >
Commentary on “Same-Sex Marriage and Common Mental Health Diagnoses: A Sibling Comparison and Adoption Approach”

ABSTRACT This is a commentary on “Same-sex Marriage and Common Mental Health Diagnoses: A Sibling Comparison and Adoption Approach” by Xu, Rahman, Hiyoshi, and Montgomery. It considers the advantages and disadvantages of the study design and the contribution the study makes to the scientific literature. Discussed are issues of phenotype accuracy especially with respect to sexual orientation and other potential confounds, and some comments on common misunderstandings of the meaning and implications of findings of genetic correlations to human behavior.
Uncertainty reconciles complementarity with joint measurability

The fundamental principles of complementarity and uncertainty are shown to be related to the possibility of joint unsharp measurements of pairs of noncommuting quantum observables. A joint measurement scheme for complementary observables is proposed. The measured observables are represented as positive operator valued measures (POVMs), whose intrinsic fuzziness parameters are found to satisfy an intriguing pay-off relation reflecting the complementarity. At the same time, this relation represents an instance of a Heisenberg uncertainty relation for measurement imprecisions. A model-independent consideration shows that this uncertainty relation is logically connected with the joint measurability of the POVMs in question.
Comparison Between Mini-Sternotomy and Full Sternotomy for Aortic Valve Replacement: A 10-Year Retrospective Study

Introduction Aortic valve replacement (AVR) is a mainstay treatment for moderate to severe aortic valve stenosis. This retrospective study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of mini-sternotomy and conventional sternotomy. Methodology This 10-year retrospective study compared the clinical outcomes of mini-sternotomy and full sternotomy. Patient-related outcomes include sternal wound dehiscence, operative time, length of hospital stay, and Intensive Care Unit (ICU) stay, whereas intraoperative parameters such as cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time and Aortic Cross Clamp time (ACCt) were compared between the two treatment groups. Results A total of 371 patients underwent AVR. Among them, 238 patients had AVR with full sternotomy and 133 patients had a mini-sternotomy. Full sternotomy patients had significantly lower bleeding than those in the mini-AVR group (p-0.002). The operation time was also found to be significantly higher in the mini-AVR group. The duration of hospital stays, ICU stay, and deep sternal wound dehiscence were recorded to be statistically insignificant between the two treatment groups. Atrial fibrillation, sternal wound dehiscence, stroke and perioperative myocardial infarctions, were equally observed between the two groups. Conclusion Mini-sternotomy is a safe option for AVR. The same number of complications were observed between the two groups; however, there was a reduction in the duration of hospital stay and ICU stay amongst the mini-sternotomy group.
The Cluster of Galaxies Abell 970

We present a dynamical analysis of the galaxy cluster Abell 970 based on a new set of radial velocities measured at ESO, Pic du Midi and Haute-Provence observatories. Our analysis indicates that this cluster has a substructure and is out of dynamical equilibrium. This conclusion is also supported by differences in the positions of the peaks of the surface density distribution and X-ray emission, as well as by the evidence of a large-scale velocity gradient in the cluster. We also found a discrepancy between the masses inferred with the virial theorem and those inferred with the X-ray emission, which is expected if the galaxies and the gas inside the cluster are not in hydrostatic equilibrium. Abell 970 has a modest cooling flow, as is expected if it is out of equilibrium. We propose that cooling flows may have an intermittent behaviour, with phases of massive cooling flows being followed by phases without significant cooling flows after the accretion of a galaxy group massive enough to disrupt the dynamical equilibrium in the centre of the clusters. A massive cooling flow will be established again, after a new equilibrium is achieved.
FZZ Scattering

: We study the duality between the two dimensional black hole and the sine-Liouville conformal ﬁeld theories via exact operator quantization of a classical scattering problem. The ideas are ﬁrst illustrated in Liouville theory, which is dual to itself under the interchange of the Liouville parameter b by 1 /b . In both cases, a classical scattering problem does not determine uniquely the quantum reﬂection coeﬃcient. The latter is only ﬁxed by assuming that the dual scattering problem has the same reﬂection coeﬃcient. We also discuss the relation of this approach with the method that exploits the parafermionic symmetry of the model to compute the reﬂection coeﬃcient.
Critical properties and Bose-Einstein condensation in dimer spin systems

We analyze the spin relaxation time 1/T1 for a system made of weakly coupled one-dimensional ladders. This system allows us to probe the dimensional crossover between a Luttinger liquid and a Bose-Einstein condensate of magnons. We obtain the temperature dependence of 1/T1 in the various dimensional regimes, and discuss the experimental consequences.
An Ultrathin Dual-Band Huygens’ Meta-Lens Antenna With Orthogonal Linear Polarization

An ultrathin, dual-band, orthogonally linearly polarized Huygens’ metasurface has been proposed which can be used for 28/38 GHz dual-band lens antenna. It is composed of two types of linearly polarized Huygens' elements spatially interleaved along the orthogonal direction. They work in different frequency bands and have almost no interaction, achieving independent full-phase manipulation capabilities in their respective frequency bands. Then, a double-layer dual-band meta-lens antenna is designed, manufactured and measured. At 28/38 GHz, high gains of 30.61 and 31.99 dBi are achieved, respectively, which corresponds to antenna efficiencies of 54.2% and 40.7%. The 3-dB gain bandwidths are 7.5% and 8.6% in two band, respectively. The simulated and measured results consistently show good dual-band radiated performance of meta-lens. The proposed Huygens’ meta-lens antenna has important applications in the field of antenna engineering.
Imaging the molecular outflows of the prototypical ULIRG NGC 6240 with ALMA

We present 0". 97 $\times$ 0". 53 (470 pc $\times$ 250 pc) resolution CO ($J$ = 2-1) observations toward the nearby luminous merging galaxy NGC 6240 with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array. We confirmed a strong CO concentration within the central 700 pc, which peaks between the double nuclei, surrounded by extended CO features along the optical dust lanes ($\sim$11 kpc). We found that the CO emission around the central a few kpc has extremely broad velocity wings with full width at zero intensity $\sim$ 2000 km s$^{-1}$, suggesting a possible signature of molecular outflow(s). In order to extract and visualize the high-velocity components in NGC 6240, we performed a multiple Gaussian fit to the CO datacube. The distribution of the broad CO components show four extremely large linewidth regions ($\sim$1000 km s$^{-1}$) located 1-2 kpc away from both nuclei. Spatial coincidence of the large linewidth regions with H$\alpha$, near-IR H$_2$, and X-ray suggests that the broad CO (2-1) components are associated with nuclear outflows launched from the double nuclei.
Nonlinear atom-optical {delta}-kicked harmonic oscillator using a Bose-Einstein condensate

We experimentally investigate the atom-optical {delta}-kicked harmonic oscillator for the case of nonlinearity due to collisional interactions present in a Bose-Einstein condensate. A Bose condensate of rubidium atoms tightly confined in a static harmonic magnetic trap is exposed to a one-dimensional optical standing-wave potential that is pulsed on periodically. We focus on the quantum antiresonance case for which the classical periodic behavior is simple and well understood. We show that after a small number of kicks the dynamics are dominated by dephasing of matter wave interference due to the finite width of the condensate's initial momentum distribution. In addition, we demonstrate that the nonlinear mean-field interaction in a typical harmonically confined Bose condensate is not sufficient to give rise to chaotic behavior.