Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
LE CAPITAL HUMAIN, UN ENJEU DE L’AMELIORATION DURABLE DU CLIMAT DES AFFAIRES

Les enjeux contemporains de l’amélioration durable du climat des affaires ne sont plus exclusivement une question d’infrastructures et d’équipements. Les stratégies mises en œuvre par de nombreux pays se penchent sur le rôle des personnes, de leurs compétences et de leur capacité à innover. L’économie de la connaissance est souvent la dénomination générique adoptée pour désigner cette évolution. La prise en compte du capital humain dans l'analyse économique a constitué une avancée importante d’autant que son accumulation est un facteur essentiel de croissance économique. En effet, la diffusion des connaissances permet des rendements croissants et génère des externalités positives. C’est dans ce sens qu’une assise historique qui retrace de la genèse du concept du climat d’investissement et son évolution sera évoquée pour éclaircir les problématiques actuelles. Cette contribution se propose ensuite d’examiner le rôle du capital humain dans la croissance et le développement des économies à travers une exploration du concept et ses différentes approches théoriques. Les difficultés de valorisation du capital humain seront abordées en troisième lieu, en mettant l’accent sur les méthodes et les limites des approches traditionnelles de sa mesure et l’intérêt que présentent des solutions méthodologiques alternatives comme le modèle socio-économique. Nous soulignons que ces difficultés ont une origine méthodologique, en constatant qu’il n’y a pas, aujourd’hui, de méthodologie adaptée de mesure du capital humain qui fasse consensus et qui soit aisément actionnable dans les entreprises. Enfin, cette contribution se propose d’examiner le capital humain comme facteur central du climat des affaires dans la mesure où son intégration à l’économie de la connaissance est un enjeu majeur de l’assainissement du climat d’investissement. Cette contribution fait appel à des idées et des réflexions issues de la revue de littérature.
Prevalence of SCCmec Types I, II, III, and pvl gene among Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated from clinical specimens in Sanglah General Hospital

Background: Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a big challenge for health services worldwide which causes infections both in healthcare and community. Healthcare-associated MRSA (HA-MRSA) strains are shown to be resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics and several non-beta lactam antibiotics. At the same time, the community-associated MRSA (CA-MRSA) tends to be resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics. MRSA carried staphylococcal cassette chromosome (SCCmec) types I, II, III, IV, and V. SCCmec types I, II, and III were predominantly found in HA-MRSA strain while SCCmec types IV and V predominantly found in CA-MRSA strains. Furthermore, the panton valentine leukocidine (pvl) gene is commonly found in CA-MRSA strains. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of SCCmec types I, II, III, and pvl gene in MRSA isolated from clinical specimens in Sanglah General Hospital. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional descriptive study. MRSA was isolated from clinical specimens (sputum, wounds, tissue, blood, etc.) from January 2020 to July 2021 and identified by the Vitek 2 Compact (Biomerieux, France) at the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory of Sanglah Hospital. Prevalence of SCCmec and pvl gene using PCR. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel version 2010 for Windows. Results: Most of the specimens (69.56%) were wound. Seventeen (73.91%) out of 23 MRSA isolates were positive for the SCCmec III and pvl gene, while none was positive for the SCCmec I and SCCmec II. About 19 (82.60%) isolates were resistant to two or more non-beta-lactam antibiotics. Conclusions: The isolates of MRSA in this study were predominantly isolated from wound specimens, with the most prevalent genetic element being SCCmec III. In this study, although most MRSA isolates carried SCCmec III that suggested as HA-MRSA, however, most of the strains harbored the pvl gene. This interesting phenomenon needs to be further elucidated.
Sliding mode control of boost and buck‐boost power converters using the dynamic sliding manifold

Non‐minimum phase tracking control is studied for boost and buck‐boost power converters. A sliding mode control algorithm is developed to track directly a causal voltage tracking profile given by an exogenous system. The approximate causal output non‐minimum phase asymptotic tracking in non‐linear boost and buck‐boost power converters is addressed via sliding mode control using a dynamic sliding manifold (DSM). Use of DSM allows the stabilization of the internal dynamics when the output tracking error tends asymptotically to zero in the sliding mode. The sliding mode controller with DSM links features of conventional sliding mode control (insensitivity to matched non‐linearities and disturbances) and a conventional dynamic compensator (accommodation to unmatched disturbances). Numerical examples demonstrate the effectiveness of the sliding mode controller even for a known time‐varying load. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pair creation rates for one-dimensional fermionic and bosonic vacua

We compare the creation rates for particle-antiparticle pairs produced by a supercritical force field for fermionic and bosonic model systems. The rates obtained from the Dirac and Klein-Gordon equations can be computed directly from the quantum-mechanical transmission coefficients describing the scattering of an incoming particle with the supercritical potential barrier. We provide a unified framework that shows that the bosonic rates can exceed the fermionic ones, as one could expect from the Pauli-exclusion principle for the fermion system. This imbalance for small but supercritical forces is associated with the occurrence of negative bosonic transmission coefficients of arbitrary size for the Klein-Gordon system, while the Dirac coefficient is positive and bound by unity. We confirm the transmission coefficients with time-dependent scattering simulations. For large forces, however, the fermionic and bosonic pair-creation rates are surprisingly close to each other. The predicted pair creation rates also match the slopes of the time-dependent particle probabilities obtained from large-scale ab initio numerical simulations based on quantum field theory.
Comparative Silk Transcriptomics Illuminates Distinctive Impact of Artificial Selection in Silkworm Modern Breeding

Simple Summary To understand the molecular mechanism of the cocoon silk evolution of silkworms, we systematically compared the silk gland transcriptomes among the wild, early domestic, and improved silkworms and indicated that modern breeding in silkworms brought drastic expressional changes of genes compared with early domestication. Improved silkworms demonstrated repressed basic nitrogen synthesis metabolism, whereas they had enhanced dynamics of protein post-translation modification. In addition, we highlighted one candidate improvement gene up-regulated in the silk glands of the improved silkworms that is involved in the function of the nervous system. Abstract Early domestication and the following improvement are two important processes in the cocoon silk evolution of silkworms. In contrast to early domestication, understanding of the improvement process is still fuzzy. By systematically comparing the larval silk gland transcriptomes of the wild, early domestic, and improved silkworms, we highlighted a novel landscape of transcriptome in the silk glands of improved ones. We first clarified that silk cocoon protein genes were up-regulated in modern breeding but not in early domestication. Furthermore, we found that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between improved and early domestic silkworms (2711), as well as between improved and wild silkworms (2264), were obviously more than those between the early domestic and wild silkworms (158), with 1671 DEGs specific in the improved silkworm (IS-DEGs). Hierarchical clustering of all the DEGs consistently indicated that improved silkworms were significantly diverged from the early domestic and wild silkworms, suggesting that modern breeding might cause prompt and drastic dynamic changes of gene expression in the silk gland. We further paid attention to these 1671 IS-DEGs and were surprised to find that down-regulated genes were enriched in basic organonitrogen compound biosynthesis, RNA biosynthesis, and ribosome biogenesis processes, which are generally universally expressed, whereas those up-regulated genes were enriched in organonitrogen compound catabolic processes and functions involving in the dynamic regulation of protein post-translation of modification. We finally highlighted one candidate improvement gene among these up-regulated IS-DEGs, i.e., GDAP2, which may play roles in silk behavior and the overall robustness of the improved silkworm. The findings strongly suggest that modern breeding may facilitate effective control of the basic consumption of nitrogen and a stronger switch of nitrogen resources from other tissues to the silk glands, for an efficient supply for silk production, and implies the importance of brain behavior and robustness in silk yield improvement of modern breeding.
Temperature Map and Iron Abundance of the Ophiuchus Cluster of Galaxies

We present an X-ray surface-brightness distribution and a temperature map of the Ophiuchus cluster of galaxies observed by ASCA. The Ophiuchus cluster is a nearby rich cluster located at z = 0.028 having an angular extent of ∼ 1◦. The observations were made by five pointings that cover the whole cluster. After deconvolution with the ASCA complex response function, we obtained the surface-brightness distribution with an angular resolution of 2′ and a temperature map with 8′ resolution. The X-ray surface-brightness distribution shows a nearly spherically symmetric distribution, except for a 15σ image excess at the position of 10′ to the north of the cluster center. On the other hand, a hot region with a temperature > 13keV is spread over a region of 20′ × 30′ at 20′ to the west of the cluster center. Because these characteristics are similar to those of the Coma cluster, we conclude this cluster has never relaxed dynamically, and is also recently experienced a merger.
Adherence of Escherichia coli and blood elements in titanium discs submitted to anodic oxidation. In vitro study

Modifications of implants by means of surface treatments are performed to optimize the biochemical interactions of the bone deposition process. However, if on the one hand they favor the adhesion of blood elements, on the other hand they can also enable the formation of biofilm. This study evaluated the adherence of blood cells and Escherichia coli in titanium discs submitted to surface treatments by anodic oxidation (OA), sandblasting followed by acid etching (JAT) compared with untreated discs (Li). To evaluate the adherence of microorganisms were performed: atomic force microscopy; Field Emission Gun Scanning Electron Microscopy (FEG-SEM); biofilm formation was evaluated by spectrophotometer turbidity analysis and colony forming unit (CFU/mL) before and after simulated brushing. For blood cell adherence, the blood collected from a patient was deposited and fixed on the discs and analyzed in the FEG-SEM being classified according to the "Blood Element Adherence Index". The results showed a slight increase in the adhesion of microorganisms in samples treated by anodic oxidation. However, the microorganisms were distributed singly and not in conglomerates, with no biofilm formation unlike the Li group. Regarding the adherence of blood elements, the Li group showed higher adherence and lower amount was found in the JAT group, but there was no statistically significant difference between the groups. The results of this study suggest that anodic oxidation treatment may favor the adherence of blood cells and fibrin mesh, contributing to the early stages of bone deposition.
AERONET-OC: A Network for the Validation of Ocean Color Primary Products

Abstract The ocean color component of the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET-OC) has been implemented to support long-term satellite ocean color investigations through cross-site consistent and accurate measurements collected by autonomous radiometer systems deployed on offshore fixed platforms. The AERONET-OC data products are the normalized water-leaving radiances determined at various center wavelengths in the visible and near-infrared spectral regions. These data complement atmospheric AERONET aerosol products, such as optical thickness, size distribution, single scattering albedo, and phase function. This work describes in detail this new AERONET component and its specific elements including measurement method, instrument calibration, processing scheme, quality assurance, uncertainties, data archive, and products accessibility. Additionally, the atmospheric and bio-optical features of the sites currently included in AERONET-OC are briefly summarized. After illustrating the application of AERONET-OC dat.
Visual representations of speech—A computer model based on correlation

The use of the cochleagram and the correlogram in speech and sound recognition is discussed. The cochleagram represents a sound as a pattern of neural firing probabilities at places along the basilar membrane versus time. It is roughly analogous to the spectrogram and its benefits have been described in several papers. But using the cochleagram as a basis for speech recognition is only a weak way to use knowledge of human auditory processing A richer representation of speech and sound is called the correlogram. Sound is represented as a two‐dimensional picture versus time—the extra dimension allowing several interesting perceptual experiences to be modeled. Assembling correlograms into a movie and synchronizing them to sound allow the auditory and visual percepts to be compared. The correlogram is more useful than a cochleagram (or spectrogram) because it shows an orthogonal dimension that represents the fine‐time structure and pitch in the auditory signal. The extra dimension provides the information nec.
Distinguishing selection pressures in an evolving communication system: Evidence from color-naming in “cross signing”

Cross-signing—the emergence of an interlanguage between users of different sign languages—offers a rare chance to examine the evolution of a natural communication system in real time. To provide an insight into this process, we analyse an annotated video corpus of 340 minutes of interaction between signers of different language backgrounds on their first meeting and after living with each other for several weeks. We focus on the evolution of shared color terms and examine the role of different selectional pressures, including frequency, content, coordination and interactional context. We show that attentional factors in interaction play a crucial role. This suggests that understanding meta-communication is critical for explaining the cultural evolution of linguistic systems.
SURVEILLANCE BOT

A robotics and Internet of Things (IoT) combination is the foundation of the surveillance robot. Using a remote control, the user can manage the robot. The robot moves and broadcasts live video in response to user instructions. The Raspberry Pi's microprocessor is used to direct robot movement. In order to deliver live video content that people may view, the robot must travel around a given region. As a consequence, monitoring is done. Numerous industries, including defence, healthcare, apartment security, and others have numerous uses for the surveillance robot. When under risky conditions, a person cannot work. These situations and places include a burning structure, a region with hazardous chemicals or radiation, and a war. An unsuccessful surveillance system was created and put into use.
Acute Type A Aortic Dissection and Coarctation: Single-Stage Repair Using a Clamshell Incision and a Systematic Literature Review.

BACKGROUND Aortic coarctation (CoAo) may be discovered only when complicated by acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD). We present a case with a one-stage repair of this pathologic association and review the relevant literature focusing on the surgical choices. CASE REPORT A 43-year-old man presented with acute thoracic pain. Computed tomography and echocardiography demonstrated CoAo, ATAAD type II, an ascending aorta aneurysm, and moderate regurgitation of a bicuspid aortic valve. Emergency surgery was performed. A clamshell incision, cardiopulmonary bypass with dual arterial cannulation (axillo-femoral), CoAo repair (by resection-interposition), and supracoronary aorta replacement were performed. Four years later, the patient was healthy and asymptomatic. REVIEW Thirty surgical cases of ATAAD with CoAo repair after the dissection onset were included. Iatrogenic dissections and formerly repaired CoAo without surgical indication were excluded. RESULTS The mean patient age was 27.8 ± 12 years; there was a male predominance (76.7%). The patients frequently presented with ascending aorta aneurysm (86.2%), bicuspid aortic valve (69%), and type II dissection (79.3%); dissection never extended below the CoAo. The one-stage treatment (15 patients; 55.5%) included 12 surgical repairs of CoAo (mostly by ascending-to-descending aorta extra-anatomic bypass; 58.3%) and three balloon angioplasties. In patients with uncorrected CoAo at the onset of cardiopulmonary bypass, double arterial perfusion was used in 55.5%. CONCLUSIONS One-stage repair (hybrid or surgical), double arterial perfusion, and extra-anatomic ascending-to-descending aorta bypass are the most common options for treating ATAAD-CoAo. The clamshell incision provides excellent access for an extended arch procedure and facilitates anatomic isthmus repair.
Normalized estimating equation for robust parameter estimation

: Robust parameter estimation has been discussed as a method for reducing a bias caused by outliers. An estimating equation using a weighted score function is often used. A typical estimating equation is non- normalized, but this paper considers a normalized estimating equation, which is corrected to ensure that the mean of the weight is one. In robust parameter estimation, it is important to control the diﬀerence between the target parameter and the limit of the robust estimator, which is referred to as the latent bias in this paper. The latent bias is usually discussed in terms of inﬂuence function and breakdown point. It is illustrated by some examples that the latent bias can be close to zero for the normalized estimating equation even if the proportion of outliers is not small, but not close to zero for the non-normalized estimating equation. Furthermore, this behavior of the normalized estimating equation can be proved under mild conditions. The asymptotic normality of the robust estimator is also presented and then it is shown that the outliers are naturally ignored with an appropriate proportion of outliers from the viewpoint of asymptotic variance. The results can be extended to the regression case. The behaviors of the latent bias and mean squared error are investigated by numerical studies.
An fNIRS Study of Applicability of the Unity–Diversity Model of Executive Functions in Preschoolers

Executive function (EF) includes a set of higher-order abilities that control one’s actions and thoughts consciously and has a protracted developmental trajectory that parallels the maturation of the frontal lobes, which develop speedily over the preschool period. To fully understand the development of EF in preschoolers, this study examined the relationship among the three domains of executive function (cognitive shifting, inhibitory control, and working memory) to test the applicability of the unity–diversity model in preschoolers using both behavioral and fNIRS approaches. Altogether, 58 Chinese preschoolers (34 boys, 24 girls, Mage = 5.86 years, SD = 0.53, age range = 4.83–6.67 years) were administered the Dimensional Card Change Sort (DCCS), go/no-go, and missing scan task. Their brain activations in the prefrontal cortex during the tasks were examined using fNIRS. First, the behavioral results indicated that the missing scan task scores (working memory) correlated with the DCCS (cognitive shifting) and go/no-go tasks (inhibitory control). However, the latter two did not correlate with each other. Second, the fNIRS results demonstrated that the prefrontal activations during the working memory task correlated with those in the same regions during the cognitive shifting and inhibitory control tasks. However, the latter two still did not correlate. The behavioral and neuroimaging evidence jointly indicates that the unity–diversity model of EF does apply to Chinese preschoolers.
Studies of the blood‐brain barrier: Preliminary findings and discussion

The tasks I have been assigned as a discussant are, first, to discuss results of my current experimentation that extends my earlier blood-brain barrier work as it bears upon the work presented by the panelists. Second, I am to comment on the work presented by the various panelists. I will briefly sketch three of my current experiments. One concerns the effect of microwave energy on the blood-vitreous barrier of the eye. Another is concerned with the possibility of passage of dye through the placental barrier to the fetus. The third is concerned with the possibility of low-intensity microwave energy enhancing the passage of cancer chemotherapeutic substances through the blood-brain barrier.
Comparative G-Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor (GPER) Systems in Diabetic and Cancer Conditions: A Review

For many patients, diabetes Mellitus and Malignancy are frequently encountered comorbidities. Diabetes affects approximately 10.5% of the global population, while malignancy accounts for 29.4 million cases each year. These troubling statistics indicate that current treatment approaches for these diseases are insufficient. Alternative therapeutic strategies that consider unique signaling pathways in diabetic and malignancy patients could provide improved therapeutic outcomes. The G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) is receiving attention for its role in disease pathogenesis and treatment outcomes. This review aims to critically examine GPER’ s comparative role in diabetes mellitus and malignancy, identify research gaps that need to be filled, and highlight GPER’s potential as a therapeutic target for diabetes and malignancy management. There is a scarcity of data on GPER expression patterns in diabetic models; however, for diabetes mellitus, altered expression of transport and signaling proteins has been linked to GPER signaling. In contrast, GPER expression in various malignancy types appears to be complex and debatable at the moment. Current data show inconclusive patterns of GPER expression in various malignancies, with some indicating upregulation and others demonstrating downregulation. Further research should be conducted to investigate GPER expression patterns and their relationship with signaling pathways in diabetes mellitus and various malignancies. We conclude that GPER has therapeutic potential for chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus and malignancy.