Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Use of oral fluids for efficient monitoring of influenza viruses in swine herds in Colombia

34 Background: Influenza A virus (IAV) surveillance in swine is critical due to the direct impact of 35 the disease in pork industry but also because IAV are prone to interspecies transmission (from 36 human to pigs and vice versa), and therefore its monitoring is critical from public and animal health 37 perspectives. Currently there are several diagnostic techniques available to detect IAV infection 38 Received: May 17, 2021; Accepted: October 5, 2021 Corresponding author: Karl Ciuoderis. Laboratorio Genómico One Health, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, bloque M15, Medellín, Colombia. E-mail: coord_cwohc@unal.edu. co This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. eISSN: 2256-2958 Rev Colomb Cienc Pecu from nasal samples in swine, however, other samples such as oral fluids (OF) have been 39 implemented as novel alternatives for pathogen detection. The OF allow an efficient and feasible 40 detection of diseases at lower cost at a herd level, with lower risk of stress for animals. Objective: 41 Describe a surveillance strategy of IAV at herd level during respiratory disease outbreaks in swine 42 farms in tropical settings using porcine oral fluids. Methods: Active surveillance strategy was 43 conducted in five selected swine farms with past records of respiratory disease. Swine OF were 44 collected for IAV testing. An OF sample was described as a pen-based specimen collected from a 45 group of >20 pigs per pen and/or per barn (if they were stall-housed individually but having close 46 contact between them). IAV infection was investigated in OF by rRT-PCR testing, and confirmed 47 by viral isolation in cell culture. Results: IAV detection was conducted in five purposively selected 48 farms between 2014-2017. We investigated a total of 18 respiratory disease outbreak events. From 49 the total 1444 OF samples tested, we found 107 (7.4%) positives to IAV by rRT-PCR. 50 Additionally, 9 IAV isolates were obtained, and all were further identified as H1 subtype. 51 Conclusions: Results of our study demonstrated how OF can be easily implemented as a novel, 52 user-friendly, welfare-friendly, accurate and cost-effective sampling method for active 53 surveillance and monitoring of IAV infections in swine farms in tropical settings. 54
Comparing force magnitudes by means of vibro-tactile, auditory, and visual feedback

The objective of this research was to study the suitability of multi-modal sensory substitution for force-feedback. This substitution is appealing because sound force feedback requires large, heavy, and expensive equipment. In a series of experiments we investigated the substitution of force feedback in judging objects' properties related to the kinesthetic perception. "Forces" of varying strength were presented by vibro-tactile, visual, or auditory feedback, or combinations thereof. We tested the suitability of substitutes in two manipulation experiments: in the first, the participant had to judge the "weight" of cubes relative to each other; in the second, the participant had to judge the amount of force necessary to move a brick due to frictional resistance. The trials were performed using a partially immersive desktop virtual reality system and a CyberTouch data glove that provides vibro-tactile feedback. Results show that just one substitute is sufficient to successfully complete the task. However, the task performance, in terms of correct discrimination and time, improved when a combination of substituting stimuli was presented.
Does Size Matter? Toxicity Effects of 5‐nm and 70‐nm Silver Nanoparticles on Hoplobatrachus Rugulosus Frog

With the increased usage of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), the potential impacts of released AgNPs in the environment are increasingly concerned, especially to natural living organisms. Since the properties of AgNPs significantly depend on their sizes, this work aimed to compare the effects of 5-nm and 70‐nm AgNPs on toxicity and bioaccumulation in Hoplobatrachus rugulosus, the edible East Asian Bullfrog. The synthesized AgNPs were characterized by X‐ray diffraction and selected area electron diffraction analyses. Both 5‐nm and 70‐nm AgNPs caused mortality, reduced growth, induced abnormal development, generated cellular oxidative stress, and modulated cellular biomolecule pattern of frog embryos, but at different levels. The 5‐nm AgNPs caused harmful effects on the frog embryos more than 70-nm AgNPs, likely due to their small size to allow more accessibility into the cell. The mortality effects of AgNPs depended on the concentration, exposure time, and size. The malformation of frog embryos in response to AgNPs-exposure included scoliosis, lordosis, kyphosis, and yolk sac edema. Synchrotron Fourier transformed infrared analyses revealed that 5‐nm AgNPs significantly changed the profile of cellular biomolecules in the embryos, indicated by the spectral peaks assigned to lipid, carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids. The bioaccumulation of silvers was dominant in eggs, followed by stomach, liver, kidney, and intestine, respectively, suggesting their translocation via blood circulation. The result of high accumulated silver in eggs and effects on embryonic mortality, growth, development, and cellular changes suggested the potential negative impacts of AgNPs on the sustainability of this frog in the environment.
Extraction of low-frequency noise model of self-aligned AlGaAs/GaAs heterojunction bipolar transistor

The first quantitative extraction of low-frequency noise equivalent circuit model of self-aligned AlGaAs/GaAs heterojunction bipolar transistor has been performed. It is based on a generalized small signal circuit model including the base and emitter series resistance noise sources. The dominant noise sources are emitter-base current noise source and the resistance noise source. The emitter-collector current noise source is negligible.
The design of sliding mode controller with perturbation observer for a 6-DOF parallel manipulator

This study proposes the sliding mode controller with perturbation observer for a 6-DOF parallel manipulator in the presence of nonlinear and uncertainty terms. The controller is based on a Lyapunov approach and the perturbation observer is based on the fuzzy adaptive network. This observer utilizes the control input for compensating unmodeled dynamics terms and disturbance. And, the weighting parameters of the fuzzy adaptive network are updated online by adaptive law in order to force the estimation errors to converge to zero. Therefore, the combination of sliding mode control and fuzzy adaptive network gives rise to the robust and intelligent routine. For evaluating the control performance of the proposed approach, tracking control simulation is carried out for a 6-DOF parallel manipulator.
A conceptual framework for ERP benefit classification: Results of a literature review

This paper presents the results of a detailed literature review on enterprise resource planning (ERP) benefits, carried out according to the guidelines by Webster et al. (2002). The identified benefits are mapped onto previously identified benefit categories. Based on this mapping a list of literature gaps is identified and a three-dimensional conceptual benefit framework is developed. It is build upon several benefit dimensions and the balanced scorecard approach. The framework is supposed to help in the identification, realization and assessment of ERP benefits. Special focus is put on benefits management in cross-organizational ERP implementations.
Characterization of distribution power quality events with Fourier and wavelet transforms

It is the objective of this paper to present unique features that characterize power quality events and methodologies to extract them from recorded voltage and/or current waveforms using Fourier and wavelet transforms. Examples of unique features include peak amplitudes, RMS, frequency, and statistics of wavelet transform coefficients. These features are derived from well documented theories, power engineers' heuristics gained through long years of experience, and power quality data collected in recent years. Converter operation, transformer energization, and capacitor energization (which includes normal, back-to-back, and re-strike on opening energization), representing three common power quality events at the distribution level, are presented. These examples provide the basis for further characterization of other power quality events.
Land‐use change emissions: How green are the bioplastics?

Recently, a discussion has emerged around greenhouse gas emissions due to direct and indirect land use change (LUC) of expanding agricultural areas dedicated to bio‐products production. Converting rainforests, peatlands, savannas, or grasslands to produce food crop‐based bio‐products creates a “carbon debt” by releasing 9 to 170 times more CO2 than the annual greenhouse gas (GHG) reductions that these bio‐products (such as the bioplastics) would provide by displacing petroleum‐based products (conventional plastics).
Mathematical Formulation of Model-Based Methods for Diagnostics and Prognostics

System health management capability strives to estimate the current and the future operating states of the system through continuous monitoring of key operating variables. Once the current and future states are estimated, this information will be used to help the dispatcher (or field commander) better respond to anticipated fault conditions, it will also help the logistician (or support crew) better prepare for maintenance actions. Estimating the current and the future operating states are commonly referred to as the diagnostic and the prognostic problems. Diagnostic and prognostic problems can be solved by two different approaches: the model-based approach and the data-based approach. The model-based approach is increasingly favored because it is able to provide more accurate estimation of these operating states, and because it is naturally extensible to the physics of failure, which has been considered a promising enhancement to the conventional prognostic technology. To apply the model-based approach more effectively to diagnostic and prognostic problems, we need to cast these problems in a unified formulation to understand the relationship between the two; furthermore, we need to integrate candidate algorithms with the problem formulation to allow sound evaluation of different solution methods. A unified formulation of the diagnostic and prognostic problems has been suggested in a paper presented at the 2005 ASME World Congress. This formulation uses a linear, time-invariant model as the foundation and expressed diagnostics and prognostics as the same threshold-checking problem. However, the formulation does not include the algorithms used in system health management. Augmenting the problem formulation with health management algorithms is the goal of this paper. This paper presents integrated mathematical formulations for several model-based methods to solve the diagnostic and prognostic problems. Each integrated formulation combines the basic problem formulation with a specific algorithm. The set of integrated formulation provides a theoretical perspective of system health management challenges.Copyright © 2006 by ASME
A simple and effective broadband decoupling structure for UWB-MIMO antenna

Abstract A new type of closed square ring decoupling structure is proposed in this letter, which can effectively reduce the coupling of antennas. The designed antenna is composed of two elliptical monopoles and a common ground loaded with a broadband parasitic decoupling structure. Considering the impedance matching, each antenna element is changed from the original rectangular microstrip feed to a tapered microstrip feed and etched a circular slot on the elliptical monopole patch. By comparison with the original antenna without any decoupling structure, through loading the broadband decoupling structure on the ground, the antenna isolation is improved by 10 dB in most frequency bands. Comparing simulation and measurement results, the antenna achieves better than 25 dB isolation over the whole operating band (3.3–12 GHz). By manufacturing and testing the antenna designed in this article, the excellent performance parameters obtained also prove that the antenna can be used in portable devices.
An improved analytical solution of energy balance equation for short-channel SOI MOSFET's and transverse-field-induced carrier heating

This paper presents a method for solving the one-dimensional (1-D) energy balance equation for fully depleted short-channel SOI MOSFET's. This method takes the exact kinetic energy into account and provides a new analytical solution for the non-saturated drain current region. The carrier temperature for spatially homogeneous case is described as a function of the longitudinal electric field and the carrier concentration deviation. The electron temperature is higher than that predicted by old models, which is examined by the two-dimensional simulation. The experimental data on gate current characteristics in short-channel SOI nMOSFET's can be physically interpreted by the proposed 1-D model. >
Alkaline phosphatase interference in immuno-enzymatic assays

Background Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzymes are widely used as signal amplifiers in immunoenzymatic methods. Conditions that cause ALP elevations, such as bone or liver diseases, can cause interference in immunoenzymatic methods. We aimed to examine ALP's effect on immunoenzymatic assay by adding isolated pure ALP to the prepared serum pool. Methods We prepared a serum pool and divided it into 4 groups. By adding isolated pure ALP at different concentrations to each group, we obtained sample groups containing ALP enzyme at concentrations of 85 U/L, 340 U/L, 870 U/L, and 1570 U/L. 20-repetition of bhCG, ferritin, FT4, TSH, troponin I, and Vit B12 tests were performed in each group. The coefficient of variation, bias, and total error was calculated. All groups were compared by using the Friedman test for paired samples. Results After ALP addition, the calculated total error values of FT4, bhCG and troponin I tests were above the acceptable error limits. There were statistically significant differences in bhCG, FT4, troponin I, and Vit B12 tests compared to the baseline ALP level (P<0.0125). Conclusions Isolated ALP elevations can be a source of interference for immunoenzymatic methods.
Grasp Pose Detection from a Single RGB Image

Grasp pose detection generates the position and orientation of the robot end-effector to grasp objects from the RGB or RGB-D image. In this paper, we propose a novel grasp pose detection network that generates 3-DOF grasp poses using the RGB image. The network follows the anchor-based object detection pipeline and incorporates the angle detection unit. Furthermore, we redesign the grasp angle predictor with a classification unit to increase the accuracy of grasp pose rotation estimation. Our method classifies the prediction angle densely in contrast with the previous regression method or sparse classification method. Moreover, an angle smooth label is designed to avoid the sudden change of the angle regression loss caused by the periodic property of the angle. We validate our algorithm on Cornell Grasp Dataset and obtain a higher detection accuracy than the state-of-the-art method. The real scenario experiment also proves the effectiveness of our method. The robot equipped with the parallel gripper achieves a 96.4% grasp success rate.
A Study on Pole Change Method of Capacitor-run Single-phase Induction Motor

In this paper, we proposed a pole change single-phase induction motor that can facilitate speed control through a simple pole change device without using an inverter. The proposed method is a pole change circuit that can control the speed from 4 poles to 2 poles and conductor arrangement method that considers pole change. The pole change single-phase induction motor was designed and analyzed by the method proposed in this paper through finite element (FEA), and the feasibility was verified through actual experiments by manufacturing a prototype.
Concept and development of a unified ontology for generating test and use-case catalogues for assisted and automated vehicle guidance

Activities in the field of automated driving have produced a variety of development tools and methodologies over the past decades. The requirements the systems have to fulfil and thus also the development guidelines are often documented in different kinds of catalogues (use-case catalogues, situation catalogues, scenario catalogues etc.). These catalogues cannot be directly applied for the development of partially and highly automated vehicle guidance concepts like conduct-by-wire (CbW) or H-mode. One reason is that up to now, no consistent terminology known to the authors yet exists for vehicle automation within the community. Moreover, as the aim of the two project groups CbW and H-mode is to make a comprehensive feasibility assessment of cooperative vehicle guidance, all interacting components of the overall system as well as all potential driving conditions a cooperative vehicle guidance system might have to cope with have to be analysed. This article focuses on two aspects. The first is a metaphor-based terminology discussion leading to a proposal for a fundamental ontology. The second aspect is an outlook on the different catalogues that use the new terminology and that have been developed. The methodology introduced here is a fundamental contribution towards simplifying communication and the exchange of findings.
New CBCPW‐to‐SIW transition with improved bandwidth

In this article, a novel Ka band conductor‐backed coplanar waveguide to substrate integrated waveguide transition is presented. The new structure integrates the classical current probe transition with asymmetrical stepped impedance transformer to improve the operating bandwidth. An equivalent circuit model is also given, which clearly illustrates the operational principle of this new transition. Finally, a back‐to‐back transition has been simulated and fabricated. The experimental results show that the transition has a satisfactory performance in the whole Ka band. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:2731–2734, 2014
InP-based MMIC components for an optical phase-locked loop

Gilbert-cell and photoreceiver circuits were designed for an integrated optical phase-locked loop (OPLL) to generate stable channel offsets in dense wavelength-division multiplexing (DWDM). These circuits were fabricated using a p-i-n/heterojunction bipolar transistor layer structure. Various configurations of an OPLL employing Gilbert-cell phase detectors and photoreceiver circuits were tested, and wavelength separations from 1.0 to beyond 27.11 GHz were obtained.
Analysis of microwave MESFET power amplifiers for digital wireless communications systems

The analysis of microwave MESFET power amplifiers (PAs) for digital wireless communications by using the hybrid Volterra-series method is presented in this paper. Compared with the traditional approach in the pure frequency-domain operation, the hybrid method has the advantage of fast computation for the continuous spectral signals with the same accuracy. The major modification is the equivalent baseband formulations in the time domain for the digital modulation signal, and the frequency-domain treatment with the nonlinear system via Volterra-series expansion. The MESFET two-dimensional current model is utilized and detailed current expressions are given to account for the gate-drain cross-term effects, while the nonlinear capacitors are also considered to describe the MESFET nonlinear characteristics completely. Circuit-level simulation yields the output modulation signal parameters with the measured data confirmation. System performance degradations due to nonlinear distortions of the MESFET PA are also performed for the communication link with the additive white Gaussian noise channel model. These results would be very useful in PA designs for digital wireless communications systems.
Multimodal Traffic Speed Monitoring: A Real-Time System Based on Passive Wi-Fi and Bluetooth Sensing Technology

Traffic speed is one of the critical indicators reflecting traffic status of roadway networks. The abnormality and sudden changes of traffic speed indicate the occurrence of traffic congestions, accidents, and events. Traffic control and management systems usually take the spatiotemporal variations of traffic speed as the critical evidence to dynamically adjust the traffic signal timing plan, broadcast traffic accidents, and form a management strategy. Meanwhile, transport is multimodal in most cities, including vehicles, pedestrians, and bicyclists. Traffic states of different traffic modes are usually used simultaneously as the significant input of advanced traffic control systems, e.g., multiobjective traffic signal control system, connected vehicles, and autonomous driving. In previous studies, Wi-Fi and Bluetooth passive sensing technology was demonstrated as an effective method for obtaining traffic speed data. However, there are some challenges that greatly affect the accuracy the estimated traffic speed, e.g., traffic mode uncertainty and the errors caused by sensors’ detection range. Thus, this study develops a real-time method for estimating the multimodal traffic speed of road networks covered by Wi-Fi and Bluetooth passive sensors. To address the two identified challenges, an algorithm is developed to correct the biased estimated traffic speed based on the received signal strength indicator of Wi-Fi and Bluetooth signals, and a novel semisupervised Possibilistic Fuzzy $C$ -Means clustering algorithm is proposed for identifying traffic modes of Wi-Fi and Bluetooth device owners. The performance of the proposed algorithms is evaluated by comparing with the selected baseline algorithms. The experimental results indicate the superiority of the proposed algorithm. The proposed method of this study can provide accurate and real-time multimodal traffic speed information for supporting traffic control and management, and, thus, improving the operational performance of the whole road network.
Structural Equation Modelling Analysis of the Relationships Among University Students' Online Self-Regulation Skills, Satisfaction and Perceived Learning

Teaching-learning activities carried out face-to-face in physical classrooms in higher education have been moved to the online environment due to the Covid-19 pandemic obligation. It is obvious that students' learning experiences and perceptions need to be researched empirically in order to optimize higher education strategies that have been moved to the online environment. Data were collected from 451 students studying in different departments in two education faculties in order to reveal the relationship between their satisfaction in the e-learning environment and their perceived learning experiences and using online self-regulation strategies based on the autonomous movement of students in the online environment. Descriptive analyses and path analysis were applied in order to answer the proposed research questions. As a result of this structural equation modeling, a relationship was determined between online self-regulation skills, goal setting and help seeking sub-factors, and satisfaction, goal setting, task strategies and self-evaluation sub-factors and perceived learning. In addition, a direct relationship was determined between satisfaction and perceived learning, supporting previous studies. With this research, it is thought that higher education institutions, administrators and instructors carrying out online teaching and learning activities will provide new perspectives on satisfaction and perceived learning outcomes when students' self-control skills are supported. © 2021, Ozgen Korkmaz. All rights reserved.