Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Use of Machine Learning Algorithms in the Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Resynchronization Therapy

Background: Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death in the European Union and worldwide. Constant improvement in cardiac care is leading to an increased number of patients with heart failure, which is a challenging condition in terms of clinical management. Cardiac resynchronization therapy is becoming more popular because of its grounded position in guidelines and clinical practice. However, some patients do not respond to treatment as expected. One way of assessing cardiac resynchronization therapy is with ECG analysis. Artificial intelligence is increasing in terms of everyday usability due to the possibility of everyday workflow improvement and, as a result, shortens the time required for diagnosis. A special area of artificial intelligence is machine learning. AI algorithms learn on their own based on implemented data. The aim of this study was to evaluate using artificial intelligence algorithms for detecting inadequate resynchronization therapy. Methods: A total of 1241 ECG tracings were collected from 547 cardiac department patients. All ECG signals were analyzed by three independent cardiologists. Every signal event (QRS-complex) and rhythm was manually classified by the medical team and fully reviewed by additional cardiologists. The results were divided into two parts: 80% of the results were used to train the algorithm, and 20% were used for the test (Cardiomatics, Cracow, Poland). Results: The required level of detection sensitivity of effective cardiac resynchronization therapy stimulation was achieved: 99.2% with a precision of 92.4%. Conclusions: Artificial intelligence algorithms can be a useful tool in assessing the effectiveness of resynchronization therapy.
Potential Role of CXCL13/CXCR5 Signaling in Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Treatment in Cancer

Simple Summary Immunotherapy is currently the backbone of new drug treatments for many cancer patients. CXC chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13) is an important factor involved in recruiting immune cells that express CXC chemokine receptor type 5 (CXCR5) in the tumor microenvironment and serves as a key molecular determinant of tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS) formation. An increasing number of studies have identified the influence of CXCL13 on prognosis in patients with cancer, regardless of the use of immunotherapy treatment. However, no comprehensive reviews of the role of CXCL13 in cancer immunotherapy have been published to date. This review aims to provide an overview of the CXCL13/CXCR5 signaling axis to summarize its mechanisms of action in cancer cells and lymphocytes, in addition to effects on immunity and cancer pathobiology, and its potential as a biomarker for the response to cancer immunotherapy. Abstract Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), including antibodies that target programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), or cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA4), represent some of the most important breakthroughs in new drug development for oncology therapy from the past decade. CXC chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13) exclusively binds CXC chemokine receptor type 5 (CXCR5), which plays a critical role in immune cell recruitment and activation and the regulation of the adaptive immune response. CXCL13 is a key molecular determinant of the formation of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs), which are organized aggregates of T, B, and dendritic cells that participate in the adaptive antitumor immune response. CXCL13 may also serve as a prognostic and predictive factor, and the role played by CXCL13 in some ICI-responsive tumor types has gained intense interest. This review discusses how CXCL13/CXCR5 signaling modulates cancer and immune cells to promote lymphocyte infiltration, activation by tumor antigens, and differentiation to increase the antitumor immune response. We also summarize recent preclinical and clinical evidence regarding the ICI-therapeutic implications of targeting the CXCL13/CXCR5 axis and discuss the potential role of this signaling pathway in cancer immunotherapy.
Discrete versus Ordinal Time-Continuous Believability Assessment

What is believability? And how do we assess it? These questions remain a challenge in human-computer interaction and games research. When assessing the believability of agents, researchers opt for an overall view of believability reminiscent of the Turing test. Current evaluation approaches have proven to be diverse and, thus, have yet to establish a framework. In this paper, we propose treating believability as a time-continuous phenomenon. We have conducted a study in which participants play a one-versus-one shooter game and annotate the character's believability. They face two different opponents which present different behaviours. In this novel process, these annotations are done moment-to-moment using two different annotation schemes: BTrace and RankTrace. This is followed by the user's believability preference between the two playthroughs, effectively allowing us to compare the two annotation tools and time-continuous assessment with discrete assessment. Results suggest that a binary annotation tool could be more intuitive to use than its continuous counterpart and provides more information on context. We conclude that this method may offer a necessary addition to current assessment techniques.
An Anomaly-Based IDS Framework Using Centroid-Based Classification

Botnet is an urgent problem that will reduce the security and availability of the network. When the bot master launches attacks to certain victims, the infected users are awakened, and attacks start according to the commands from the bot master. Via Botnet, DDoS is an attack whose purpose is to paralyze the victim’s service. In all kinds of DDoS, SYN flood is still a problem that reduces security and availability. To enhance the security of the Internet, IDS is proposed to detect attacks and protect the server. In this paper, the concept of centroid-based classification is used to enhance performance of the framework. An anomaly-based IDS framework which combines K-means and KNN is proposed to detect SYN flood. Dimension reduction is designed to achieve visualization, and weights can adjust the occupancy ratio of each sub-feature. Therefore, this framework is also suitable for use on the modern symmetry or asymmetry architecture of information systems. With the detection by the framework proposed in this paper, the detection rate is 96.8 percent, the accuracy rate is 97.3 percent, and the false alarm rate is 1.37 percent.
Tactile Super-resolution Model for Soft Magnetic Skin

Tactile sensors of high spatial resolution can provide rich contact information in terms of accurate contact location and force magnitude for robots. However, achieving a high spatial resolution normally requires a high density of tactile sensing cells (or taxels), which will inevitably lead to crowded wire connections, more data acquisition time and probably crosstalk between taxels. An alternative approach to improve the spatial resolution without introducing a high density of taxels is employing super-resolution technology. Here, we propose a novel tactile super-resolution method based on a sinusoidally magnetized soft magnetic skin, by which we have achieved a $15$-fold improvement of localization accuracy (from \SI{6}{mm} to \SI{0.4}{mm}) as well as the ability to measure the force magnitude. Different from the existing super-resolution methods that rely on overlapping signals of neighbouring taxels, our model only relies on the local information from a single taxel and thereby can detect multipoint contact applied on neighboring taxels and work properly even when some of the neighbouring taxels near the contact position are damaged (or unavailable). With this property, our method would be robust to damage and could potentially benefit robotic applications that require multipoint contact detection.
Drought Cycle Analysis to Evaluate the Influence of a Dense Network of Small Reservoirs on Drought Evolution

Drought‐affected regions often contain high densities of small reservoirs, usually informally built, as drought‐coping mechanism. These structures influence socio‐hydrological dynamics and have the potential to alter hydrological processes relevant to drought emergence and development. This study aimed to analyze the influence of a high concentration of small reservoirs on the intensification and evolution of drought events. We present an innovative method, which we call “Drought Cycle Analysis”, that tracks the concomitance of precipitation and water storage deficit and associates this with four drought stages: Wet Period, Meteorological drought, Hydro‐meteorological drought and Hydrological drought period. The methodology was tested for the Riacho do Sangue River watershed located in the semi‐arid region of northeast Brazil. We used a combination of satellite imagery (Landsat 5, 7 and 8) and an empirical equation to estimate the volume stored in the dense network of small reservoirs. Using the Drought Cycle Analysis, we show that the unmonitored small reservoirs induced and modified drought events, extending the duration of hydrological drought on average by 30%. Furthermore, this extension can double for specific drought events. The Drought Cycle Analysis method proved useful for monitoring and comparing the evolution of different drought events, in addition to being applicable as an auxiliary tool in the improvement of water resources management of large reservoirs. This study demonstrates the importance of considering small reservoirs in water resource management strategy development for drought‐prone regions.
Eosinophilic meningitis following suboccipital craniotomy without bovine dural graft: illustrative case

BACKGROUND Eosinophilic meningitis is a rare known complication after brain surgery associated with duraplasty using artificial bovine graft. However, eosinophilic meningitis after craniotomy without bovine dural graft has not been reported. OBSERVATIONS A 48-year-old female presented with lateral medullary infarction caused by a vertebral artery dissecting aneurysm incorporating the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA). The authors performed occipital artery–PICA anastomosis and repaired the dura by primary suture without bovine graft. Thereafter, endovascular internal trapping using coils was conducted. Severe headache developed at postoperative day 17, and the patient was diagnosed with eosinophilic meningitis. After administration of a high-dose corticosteroid for 2 weeks, her symptoms and laboratory findings were improved. LESSONS Postoperative eosinophilic meningitis is rarely related to craniotomy without using bovine graft. Neurosurgeons should consider the possibility of eosinophilic meningitis after craniotomy without a xenogeneic dural material.
Prevalence and Antibiotic Sensitivity pattern of Bacterial Isolates from Catheterized UTI Patients: A Local Study

Prevalence and multidrug resistance among bacteria in catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) has been on the rise in recent times. Hence, the prevalence rate and antibacterial susceptibility of bacteria in CAUTIs in ICU patients was evaluated. A total of 120 patients admitted to the ICU of Nishtar Hospital, Multan, were recruited for this study. Both gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial isolates were characterized based on biochemical tests including catalase test, oxidase test, indole test, TSI test, citrate test, coagulase test and growth on 6.5% NaCl agar. The prevalence of bacterial species was Escherichia coli (32%), Staphylococcus aureus (26%), Pseudomonas spp. (18%), Proteus spp. (14%) and Enterococcus spp. (2%). A considerable degree of resistance against commonly prescribed antibiotics was observed. Gram negative bacteria showed resistance to ciprofloxacin, piperacillin-tazobactam and amikacin as well as susceptibility to imipenem, tigecycline and polymixin. Gram positive bacteria showed resistance to antibiotics such as piperacillin-tazobactam, ampicillin, gentamicin, oxacillin and ceftazidime suggesting the ineffectiveness of these antibiotics for treating bacterial infections among CAUTI patients and demonstrating the latest trends in antimicrobial drug resistance profile in local population.
Concerted and Independent Evolution of Control Regions 1 and 2 of Water Monitor Lizards (Varanus salvator macromaculatus) and Different Phylogenetic Informative Markers

Simple Summary The evolutionary patterns and phylogenetic utility of duplicate control regions (CRs) in 72 individuals of Varanus salvator macromaculatus and other varanids have been observed. Divergence of the two CRs from each individual revealed a pattern of independent evolution in CRs of varanid lineage. This study is a first step towards developing new phylogenetic evolutionary models of the varanid lineage, with accurate evolutionary inferences to provide basic insights into the biology of mitogenomes. Abstract Duplicate control regions (CRs) have been observed in the mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) of most varanids. Duplicate CRs have evolved in either concerted or independent evolution in vertebrates, but whether an evolutionary pattern exists in varanids remains unknown. Therefore, we conducted this study to analyze the evolutionary patterns and phylogenetic utilities of duplicate CRs in 72 individuals of Varanus salvator macromaculatus and other varanids. Sequence analyses and phylogenetic relationships revealed that divergence between orthologous copies from different individuals was lower than in paralogous copies from the same individual, suggesting an independent evolution of the two CRs. Distinct trees and recombination testing derived from CR1 and CR2 suggested that recombination events occurred between CRs during the evolutionary process. A comparison of substitution saturation showed the potential of CR2 as a phylogenetic marker. By contrast, duplicate CRs of the four examined varanids had similar sequences within species, suggesting typical characteristics of concerted evolution. The results provide a better understanding of the molecular evolutionary processes related to the mitogenomes of the varanid lineage.
The Construction of Educational Community based on the Technology of Internet plus Satellite Live Broadcasting

In the current climate of pursuing educational equity, the construction of educational community is a worthwhile experiment in achieving equitable development of urban and rural education. Establishing a multi-channel cooperation mechanism between urban and rural schools and giving full play to the existing high-quality educational resources are feasible and efficient ways to reach quality and equity education. Based on the technology of Internet plus satellite live broadcasting and its own resource advantages, Zhengzhou No.1 High School constructed an educational community across time and space, which effectively promotes balanced development of education in the region and has enhanced the overall educational level there.
Design of sEMG Acquisition Circuit and Its Adaptive EEMD Denosing Research

The Surface electromyography (sEMG) signal is a kind of electrical signal which generated by human muscles during contraction. It is prone to being affected by noise because of its small amplitude, so it is necessary to remove the noise in its original signal with an appropriate algorithm. Based on the traditional signal denoising indicators, a new complex indicator r has been proposed in this paper which combines three different indicator parameters, that is, Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR), correlation coefficient (R), and standard error (SE). At the same time, an adaptive ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) method named AIO-EEMD which based on the proposed indicator is represented later. To verify the effective of the proposed algorithm, an electromyography signal acquisition circuit is designed firstly for collecting the original sEMG signal. Then, the denosing performance from the designed method is been compared with empirical mode decomposition (EMD) method and wavelet transform noise reduction method, respectively. The experiment results shown that the designed algorithm can not only automatically get the numbers of the reconstructed signal numbers, but also obtain the best reduction performance.
The clinician-administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5) structured interview for PTSD: A French language validation study.

The Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5) is a structured interview that assesses the frequency and severity of each symptom of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in relation to a single traumatic stressor over a 1-month period, allowing the trained interviewer to infer a current or lifetime diagnosis congruent with the 5th Edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of the American Psychiatric Association. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the original English language CAPS-5 translated to French. Participants (N = 168) were recruited in clinical settings of France, Lebanon, and Canada. The psychometric properties of the measure were found to be excellent, as good-to-strong interitem consistency was found (α = .90; ITC = .52; ICC = .30), while also finding strong convergent validity between the CAPS-5 total score and the severity score of a self-report PTSD measure (r = .82): the PCL-5. The test-retest reliability was excellent, with Cohen's κ = 1.00 and the intraclass coefficient (ICC) = . 95. However, no latent factor structure model was deemed a strong fit to the data. Overall, the reliability and validity of the French CAPS-5 and are consistent with those of the original CAPS-5. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
Detecting Scalable Obstacles Using Soft Sensors in the Body of a Compliant Quadruped

In soft robotics, one of the trending topics is using soft sensors to have feedback from the robot's body. This is not an easy process to accomplish since the sensors are often nonlinear, so researchers use different methods to generate information from data such as filters, machine learning algorithms, and optimization algorithms. In this paper, we show that, with good electronic and mechanical design, it is possible to use soft sensors for detecting obstacles and distinguishing the scalable obstacles. The demonstration is conducted with an untethered miniature, soft, C-legged robot, M–SQuad, the first modular C-legged quadruped consisting of three modules, which are connected by four soft sensors. In M–SQuad's body design, sensors are utilized as both sensing and structural elements. The modular design of the M–SQuad allows testing different sensor geometries and replacing the malfunctioning parts easily, without the need to refabricate the entire robot. A case study is introduced for demonstration of the robot's capability of detecting obstacles and distinguishing scalable obstacles in a parkour consisting of two obstacles with the heights of 20 mm and 150 mm, respectively. In the case study, M–SQuad can detect an obstacle during locomotion using the coil-spring shaped soft sensors in its body. Moreover, it can distinguish the obstacle is scalable or not after an initial climbing trial. If the obstacle is not scalable, the robot turns back.
Stability analysis on four-gimbal space-stable platform

Kinetic equations of a four-gimbal space-stable platform system was deduced using Euler kinetics equations. Based on this, the principals of inner, middle outer gimbal axis’ general inertia changing with p or r angle was studied. Mechanical resonance and damping status of the controlled member was analyzed from measured frequency characteristic. Methods guaranteeing the control system’s stability under these conditions were generalized. Means to eliminate the general rotary inertia changing in view of mechanical design was given. Analysis results show that the general inertia relative variation of outer gimbal axis is great when employing current gimbal configuration, and the facilities must be adopted to ensure dynamic performance and stability of the servo system. Low rigidity of outer gimbal make resonance of outer gimbal axis at certain frequency. Methods such as filter-setting and state feedback can be adopted to suppress its influence. Proper configuration of gimbal rotary inertia can make the motor driven axises become fixing inertia system, decreasing even erasing the coupling torque.
Carbon budgets, buildings and Brexit: are Britain’s non-EU climate change targets at risk?

The last 18 months have been a major set-back in the British policy landscape affecting carbon emissions from buildings with several policies being abolished or downgraded. Following the vote to leave the EU, there is now considerable uncertainty around the future of UK energy efficiency policy. This is despite the fact that an increase in policy action is required: In June, the 5th Carbon Budget was adopted by Government setting firm carbon targets for the period from 2028 to 2032. Parliament approved them in July 2016. Reaching those targets will require bold and ambitious policy action across all sectors including buildings. In this paper, we analyse whether or not the UK is on track to meeting its carbon targets. Through modelling of a range of scenarios for the period 2016–2030, we show that the Gov-ernment’s own projections for abatement indicate that the UK will not meet the 5 th Carbon Budget in buildings. Worryingly, a large part of the projected abatement from buildings (85 %) is considered by the Committee on Climate Change to be ‘at-risk’, and after the vote to leave the EU there is uncertainty around which previously EU driven policies driven will remain. In other words, the majority of projected emissions abatement from buildings is seen as uncertain and may not be achieved. We also illustrate what would be required in order to meet the carbon targets including the technology mix and potential policy options. Our research shows that the benefits of meeting the 5 th Carbon Budget in buildings justify considerable public and private investment to capture them. We quantified the main costs and benefits generally considered for formal policy impact assessments, calculated in accordance with official guidance. We show that there is a strong economic case for investing in upgrading the UK’s building stock.
Effect of Educational Program on Level of Self-Esteem of School Age Children and Adolescents Exposed to Bullying , 3 Sharkawy-,

Background: Bullying is the problem that many schools face all over the world and can be considered a complex problem in school children lives. It affects all students, either bullies or victims, and those who attend the interpersonal violence and negatively affects their self-esteem. Aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of educational program on level of self -esteem of school age children and adolescents exposed to bullying. Design: This study followed a quasiexperimental research design. Setting: It was conducted at two basic education schools and one secondary school in Kafr Elsheikh city affiliated to Ministry of education. It was an online study through using Google forms Tools: The data of this study was collected using the following two tools: Tool I:Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) , Tool II: The Child Adolescent Bullying Scale (CABS):It consist of two parts: Part I: Socio-demographic data Questionnaire , Part II: The Child Adolescent Bullying Scale (CABS). Result: The main results revealed that the level of self-esteem and bullying of the studied subject were improved after implementation of the educational program. Also, there were a statistically significant negative correlation between total score of self-esteem and bullying of studied subject. Conclusion: The present study concluded that the educational program sessions played an important role in improving self -esteem and reducing bullying among school-aged students. Recommendations: implementing further educational program for students concerning effective coping strategies with stressors result from bullying was recommended.