Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology of Diabetes in adults in GanSu province of northwest China

Background: The purpose of this study was to study the characteristics and distribution of adult diabetes and prediabetes in Gansu province, northwest China. Methods: We conducted a population-based, cross-sectional survey in GanSu province of northwest China. A representative sample of 31417 adults, aged 20-74 years, from 14 regions participated in the study. After an overnight fast, a 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) 75 g glucose load was conducted among participants without a self-reported history of diagnosed diabetes. Questionnaire survey, physical examination and serum lipid level were also conducted in the study.Results: The rough prevalence of diabetes in adults in Gansu province of northwest China was 10.6% (12.3% among men and 9.2% among women) and the age-standardized prevalence of diabetes is 9.0%. The prevalence of diagnosed and emerging diabetes was 5.2% and 5.4%, respectively. The prevalence of diabetes among Han, Hui, Tibetan, Yugur, Dongxiang nationality and the Baoan nationality were 10.7%, 11.3%, 5.5%, 7.7%, 8.9% and 7.9% respectively. In addition, the prevalence of prediabetes was estimated to be 15.2% (15.7% among men and 14.7% among women). The prevalence of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) were 3.5% and 11.6% respectively. The prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes increased with increasing age and body mass index (BMI). The prevalence of diabetes among urban residents was higher than that among rural residents (11.5% vs. 9.5%) which is different from prediabetes (14.2% vs. 16.3%). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that age, male sex, urban residents, smoking, family history of diabetes, abdominal obesity, overweight, generalized obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, low levels of education, and high level of economic development were significantly associated with diabetes. Simultaneously, age, male sex, rural residents, drinking, abdominal obesity, overweight, general obesity, hypertension and low levels of education were significantly associated with prediabetes. Conclusions: The epidemic situation of diabetes in northwest China's Gansu province is serious. The distribution of diabetes between different sex, age groups and different ethnic groups were significantly different. More than half of the diabetes patients are undiagnosed, which showed the low hospitalizing rate and the lack of public awareness of diabetes.
Epidemiological & Clinico-pathological Characteristics of Colo-rectal Cancer (Retrospective Analysis)

Background and purpose: Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide and in Egypt the 7th most common cancer in men and 4th most common cancer in women. It is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. So the present study was conducted to identify the epidemiological and clinico pathological features of colorectal cancers as studying these characteristics can improve patients’ survival rates. Patients and Method: This study is a retrospective study that included CRC patients treated at clinical oncology department, Zagazig University Hospital in the duration from 2012 to 2017. Medical records of 385 patients, who were referred to clinical oncology department after proven diagnosis with CRC and underwent colonoscopy, or discovered during emergency laparotomy were collected and analyzed. Results: The highest incidence (19.2%) was in 2017. The male & female cases were almost the same. About where (40%) of cases were presented with rectal and ano-rectal lesions, the majority of cases (46.7%) had fungating tumor mass and (91.5%) of cases had Adenocarcinoma and (76.1%) of cases were of grade II by histological grading. Least percentage of metastatic cases was noticed in patients with rectal and ano-rectal masses (10.8-14.8%). About (50%) of patients were node negative by operation pathology, while 50% of patients were of pathological stage III. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated a high prevalence of CRC among the studied patients, advance stage at presentation of this type of cancer, high probability of recurrence, and it significantly correlated with poor survival.
A Polish adaptation and validation of  the  Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0

Introduction: Food addiction is defined by a pattern of eating high-calorie foods, which is similar to psychoactive substance dependence. The aim of the study was to validate the Polish adaptation of the Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 (YFAS 2.0), which measures the degree of food addiction based on 11 addiction criteria according to DSM-5. Material and methods: Validation studies were carried out on a sample of 431 people (67.75% women), aged 18-60. Construct validity was assessed using CFA (confirmatory factor analysis) for dichotomous diagnostic data. Reliability was assessed by analysing time stability of the results, internal consistency and item-total correlations. Validity was assessed using body weight, BMI, Scale of Involvement on Eating Streszczenie Wprowadzenie: jedzenia który w i przypomina Celem walidacja adaptacji Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 (YFAS 2.0), mierzącej Behaviour (SZJ), Three Factor Eating Questionnaire and Self-Control Scale. Differences in selected reliability indicators depending on the YFAS 2.0 diagnostic grades were analysed. The severity of symptoms was compared between food addicts anonymous, individuals enrolled in a weight-loss programme and those from a normative sample. Results: CFA demonstrated a perfect fit between the study results and the theoretical model of the YFAS 2.0. High coefficients of reliability measures were obtained. The YFAS 2.0 positively correlates with body weight, BMI, SZJ results, difficulties in controlling eating and emotional eating, and negatively with self-control ability. Significant differences were found in the validity indicators and between compared groups, depending on the diagnostic degrees of food addiction. Discussion: The Polish adaptation of YFAS 2.0 is characterised by high reliability and validity. Conclusions: The Polish adaptation of YFAS 2.0 has very good psychometric properties and can be used in scientific research and clinical practice.
Community Dialogue Approach for addressing the drivers of antibiotic resistance in Bangladesh: a mixed methods study on developing a sustainable and scalable approach to community engagement

Background Community engagement approaches that have impacted on health outcomes are often time intensive, small-scale and require high levels of financial and human resources. They can be difficult to sustain and scale-up in low resource settings. Given the reach of health services into communities in low income countries, the health system provides a valuable and potentially sustainable entry point that would allow for scale-up of community engagement interventions. This study explores the process of developing an embedded approach to community engagement taking the global challenge of antibiotic resistance as an example. Methods The intervention was developed using a sequential mixed methods study design. This consisted of: exploring the evidence base through an umbrella review, and identifying key international standards on the appropriate use of antibiotics; undertaking detailed exploratory research through a) a qualitative study to explore the most appropriate mechanisms through which to embed the intervention within the existing health system and community infrastructure, and to understand patterns of knowledge, attitudes and practice regarding antibiotics and antibiotic resistance; and b) a household survey – which drew on the qualitative findings - to quantify knowledge, and reported attitudes and practice regarding antibiotics and antibiotic resistance within the target population; and c) drawing on appropriate theories regarding change mechanisms and experience of implementing community engagement interventions to co-produce the intervention processes and materials with key stakeholders at policy, health system and community level. Results A community engagement intervention was co-produced and was explicitly designed to link into existing health system and community structures and be appropriate for the cultural context, and therefore have the potential to be implemented at scale. We anticipate that taking this approach increases local ownership, as well as the likelihood that the intervention will be sustainable and scalable. Conclusions This study demonstrates the value of ensuring that a range of stakeholders co-produce the intervention, and ensuring that the intervention is designed to be appropriate for the health system, community and cultural context.
Modelling Student’s Performance Using Data Mining Techniques in a Higher Learning Environment in the Pacific

The students’ performance in higher education has become one of the most widely studied area. Modelling student performance play a pivotal role in forecasting students’ performance where the data mining applications are now becoming most widely used techniques in this study. There are various factors, which determine the student performance. Eight attributes are used as input, which is considered most influential in determining students’ performance in the Pacific. Statistical analysis is done to see which attribute has the highest influence to student performance. In this research, different algorithms are utilized for building the classification model, each of them using various classification techniques. Some of classification techniques used are Artificial Neural Network, Decision Tree, Decision Table, and Naïve Bayes. The WEKA explorer application and R software are used for correlation test between different variables. The dataset used in this research is an imbalanced set, which is later transformed to balance set through under sampling. Neural Network is one of the classification techniques that has done well on both, imbalanced and balanced dataset. Another technique which has done well is Decision tree. Statistical analysis shows that internal assessment has weak positive relationship with student performance while demographic data is not. Further observations are reported in this research in relation to two types of datasets with application to different classification techniques
A Unified Generative Adversarial Learning Framework for Improvement of Skip-Gram Network Representation Learning Methods

Network Representation Learning (NRL), which aims to embed nodes into a latent, low-dimensional vector space while preserving some network properties, facilitates the further network analysis tasks. The goal of most NRL methods is to make similar nodes represented similarly in the embedding space. Many methods adopt the skip-gram model to achieve such goal by maximizing the predictive probability among the context nodes for each center node. The context nodes are usually determined based on the concept of proximity which is defined based on some explicit network features. However, these proximities may result in a loss of training samples and have limited discriminative power. We propose a general and unified generative adversarial learning framework to address the problems. The proposed framework can handle almost all kinds of networks in a unified way, including homogeneous plain networks, attribute augmented networks and heterogeneous networks. It can improve the performances of the most of the state-of-the-art skip-gram based NRL methods. Moreover, another unified and general NRL method is extended from the framework. It can learn the network representation independently. Extensive experiments on proximity preserving evaluation and two network analysis tasks, i.e., link prediction and node classifications, demonstrate the superiority and versatility of our framework.
"Got Algae?" A Sorting Game for Introducing the Weird and Wonderful Diversity of Algae

Algae are a fascinating and diverse organismal group, with global ecological importance, a storied evolutionary history and deep connections to both contemporary and historical human societies. Yet non-experts who teach algal diversity face a lack of examples in many general biology textbooks and the difficulty of generalizing a group that includes many distantly-related lineages that don’t share a single common ancestor. This lesson embraces the complexity of algae using a sorting game and tree-building activity. Students work in groups to decide which organisms from a provided set are eukaryotic algae. The class creates consensus statements about what exactly defines organisms as “algae” and self-discover that exceptions exist for every seemingly definitive algal trait. Students then build simple phylogenetic trees and map their organisms across the phylogenetic Tree of Eukaryotes in order to explore the complex evolutionary relationships between the major eukaryotic algal lineages. Student written responses recorded before and after the sorting game indicate students become more nuanced and expert-like in their descriptions of algae. This lesson is an engaging way to introduce students to algae and can be modified for a variety of courses including high school, non-majors biology courses and introductory biology courses. Citation: Clarkston BE. 2021. “Got Algae? A sorting game for introducing the weird and wonderful diversity of algae. CourseSource. https://doi.org/10.24918/cs.2021. 21 Editor: Valerie Haywood, Case Western Reserve University Received: 7/9/2020; Accepted: 2/2/2021; Published: 4/29/2021 Copyright: © 2021 Clarkston. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Conflict of Interest and Funding Statement: The author has no a financial, personal, or professional conflict of interest related to this work. Supporting Materials: Supporting Files S1. Got Algae – organism cards; S2. Got Algae – student worksheet; S3. Got Algae – lesson outline; S4. Got Algae – presentation slides with instructor notes; S5. Got Algae – assessment questions; and S6. Got Algae – next class presentation. *Correspondence to: 6270 University Boulevard, Vancouver, B.C. Canada, V6T 1Z4 bridgette.clarkston@botany.ubc. ca. CourseSource | www.coursesource. org 2021 | Volume 08 1 Lesson
Time-Synchronization Attack Detection in Unbalanced Three-Phase Systems

Phasor measurement units (PMU) rely on an accurate time-synchronization to phase-align the phasors and timestamp the voltage and current phasor measurements. Among the symmetrical components computed from the phasors in three-phase systems, the standard practice only uses the direct-sequence component for state estimation and bad data detection (BDD). Time-synchronization attacks (TSAs) can compromise the measured phasors and can, thus, significantly alter the state estimate in a manner that is undetectable by widely used power-system BDD algorithms. In this paper we investigate the potential of utilizing the three-phase model instead of the direct-sequence model for mitigating the vulnerability of state estimation to undetectable TSAs. We show analytically that if the power system is unbalanced then the use of the three-phase model as input to BDD algorithms enables to detect attacks that would be undetectable if only the direct-sequence model was used. Simulations performed on the IEEE 39-bus benchmark using real load profiles recorded on the grid of the city of Lausanne confirm our analytical results. Our results provide a new argument for the adoption of three-phase models for BDD, as their use is a simple, yet effective measure for reducing the vulnerability of PMU measurements to TSAs.
droTAG: Adapting dTAG Toolkit to Drosophila Melanogaster

Targeted protein degradation (TPD) allows an acute and reversible knockdown of protein of interest (POI) so that the direct effects of protein depletion can be studied and distinguished from secondary effects or adaptive responses [1]. Therefore, protein degradation techniques apply in studying the function of gene products in a short time frame, and rapid effectiveness can be exploited to downregulate POI in a stage-specific manner or when time is a relevant factor, including cell division.
Generation mean analysis of some physiological traits in the hybrid maize cv. SC704 under different water regimes

This research was carried out using seven generations of MO17 (the paternal line), B73 (the maternal line), F1 (SC704), F2, F3,BC1 and BC2 to study the inheritance of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and relative water content using generation mean analysis. The experiment was conducted in the research station of the University of Tabriz, Iran, with two replications for each generation under normal irrigation and two water deficit conditions. The existence of epistatic gene interaction was observed in controlling of F0, Fm, FV (in the severe stress condition),FV/Fm (in the normal condition), FV/F0 (in the normal and severe stress conditions) and RWC (in the normal and moderate and severe stress conditions). Duplicate epistasis was observed for all studied traits under the normal and water deficit conditions except RWC in the severe stress condition. Therefore, exploiting non-additive gene action and delaying the selection to advanced generations for physiological traits in maize was suggested to adopt in the programs aimed at developing drought-tolerant lines and hybrids.
Optimization of organic potato production

The aim of the study was to investigate if cultivars, different growing conditions such as weather and soil properties or agronomic measures such as seed quality, preceding crops, application of organic fertilizer and irrigation influence the nitrate and starch concentrations of raw potatoes and the cooking quality of potatoes in the skin. Cultivation and quality data were collected for three waxy cultivars (cvs Princess, Nicola, Ditta) from 183 organically managed potato fields in Northern and Southern Germany from 20072009. A professional sensory panel scored peeling ability, flesh colour, mealiness, sweetness and bitterness by means of consensus profiling. Differences in nitrate and starch concentrations were often attributed to weather conditions during the growth period and to the occurrence of P. infestans. The sensory analysis showed different sensory profiles for the three cultivars from the different years and regions. Year*region Cooking quality and compositional factors of organic potatoes of different cultivars under different growing conditions 20 interactions were significant for all traits except for peeling ability. A significant interaction year*cultivar was only found for yellowness, mealiness and sweetness. Early haulm dying in Northern Germany in 2007 resulted in a more pronounced taste of bitterness, which was associated with lower starch and higher nitrate levels. The following influences of cultivation methods on yield and chemical components (starch, nitrate) were found: the additional irrigation led to a significant average yield increase of about 25% compared to non-irrigated fields (309 and 247 dt ha). The application of nitrogen-containing organic commercial fertilizers resulted in a decrease in starch concentration. There was no significant relationship between cultivation data and sensory attributes. However, starch concentration was positively correlated with peeling ability (r = 0.60), mealiness (r = 0.61) and sweetness (r = 0.53). Nitrate concentration was positively correlated with bitterness (r = 0.46) and negatively correlated with starch (r = 0.51), peeling ability (r = -0.34) and the mealiness (r = -0.33) of cooked potatoes. As the sensory quality of cooked potatoes in the skin produced under different growing conditions and agronomic measures had not been addressed previously, this study revealed interesting results.
Effect and Consequence e-Customer Satisfaction for e-Commerce Users

The 4.0 industrial revolution has changed people's behavior to use everything through technology. This happens also in terms of shopping that can be done by many people through e-commerce. This study aims to examine the effect of online convenience, website design, security, information quality, and e-service quality on e-word of mouth, behavioral intentions, and e-loyalty through e-customer satisfaction respondents who use e-commerce to shop at Indonesia, especially Surabaya. The data used in this study are primary data obtained through distributing questionnaires to 205 respondents who are male and female e-commerce users, who are at least 15 years old, and have conducted transactions in e-commerce at least 5 times in the past year. The sampling technique in this study is non-probability sampling. This research uses a quantitative approach using statistical testing. The test was carried out using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method with the SMART-PLS 3.0 program. The results of this study indicate that only online convenience, security, and information quality have an influence on other dependent variables through e-customer satisfaction, while website design and e-service quality have no effect
Self-Limiting Film Growth of Transparent Conducting In2O3 by Atomic Layer Deposition using Trimethylindium and Water Vapor

Conformal and self-limiting film growth of transparent conducting In2O3 is demonstrated with atomic layer deposition (ALD) using trimethylindium (TMIn) and water vapor. Various parameters, including pulsing times of TMIn and H2O and deposition temperature, are varied to confirm the ALD processing window of In2O3. It is found that an extremely large Langmuir exposure of H2O (∼2 Torr s) is required to fully react the surface-adsorbed In-(CH3)* groups with H2O. Self-limiting film growth is obtainable at the deposition temperatures between 200 and 251 °C where the film growth is controlled by surface adsorption of TMIn molecules. Within the ALD window, ALD-In2O3 exhibits a film growth rate of ∼0.039 nm/cycle at 217 °C. In addition, the film exhibits an excellent step coverage of ∼97% on a high-aspect-ratio (∼11) nanostructure. The resistivity of the ALD-In2O3 film deposited at 200 °C is about 2.8 × 10–3 Ω cm, and this is attributed to the high Hall mobility of 84 cm2/(V s). Finally, the reduction of the Hall .