Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An evaluation of electron-probe microanalysis of otoliths for stock delineation and identification of nursery areas in a southern temperate groundfish, Nemadactylus macropterus

-The chemistry of calcified tissues has been suggested as a source of useful information on the population structure and environmental histories of fishes. We evaluated this possibility by examining in detail regionaJ and ontogenetic variability in the chemical composition ofsagittae of juveniles and adults ofthe temper ate marine groundfish Nemadac tylus macropterus. Six elements (in order ofdecreasing abundance, Ca, Na, Sr, K, S, and Cl) were consis tently detected in the sagittae at concentrations greater than 200 ppm; all exhibited levels of indi vidual, ontogenetic, and regional variability well in excess of their respective scales of measurement error. Comparisons ofjuveniles and adults from different sites indicate that composition of the otolith is most alike in fish from adjacent sites, that mostjuveniles are simi lar to adults collected from the same site, and that the differences in composition that characterize sites are manifest during most, if not all, ofthe fish's ontogeny. These results are consistent with the hy potheses that otolith composition reflects population structure and that these populations are largely self-recruiting. However, the re sults also suggest that the chemi cal composition ofotoliths is much less sensitive to environmental con ditions than previously thought. Rather, it appears that regional dif ferences in composition either have a genetic basis or are set by envi ronmental influences early in life and are then maintained throughout subsequent life history.
Direct validation of annual increments in the otoliths of juvenile southern bluefin tuna, Thunnus maccoyii , by means of a large-scale mark-recapture experiment with strontium chloride

– From 1990 to 1996, during were injected with strontium chloride (SrCl 2 ). The objectives of the marking experiment were to examine the efficacy of SrCl 2 as an otolith marker and to determine the periodicity of increment formation in SBT otoliths. Nine-hundred and sixty-one Sr-injected fish were recaptured and 616 otoliths were sampled from these; the high level of sampling success was attributable to a major liaison effort throughout the multinational SBT fishery. The same tag return rates for fish that were tagged and injected and for fish that were tagged only, indicated that the injection of strontium did not affect the survival rate of tagged fish. Strontium marks were detected with a Robinson detector or an energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) (or with both) linked to a scanning electron microscope; 59 of the 67 otoliths from injected fish examined had discernible marks. The intensity of the strontium mark and the dosage rates were linked; a dosage of 100 mg Sr/kg fish weight is recommended to ensure easy identi fication of the strontium mark. Using the strontium marks, we established that in SBT with 1 to 6 increments in their otoliths, one increment is laid down per year at liberty. In the 59 marked fish that were examined, there was 100% agreement between the expected and observed number of increments after marking. These results, and the data from two supplementary tag returns from unmarked fish recaptured after long times at liberty, provide un-ambiguous evidence that increments on the otoliths of SBT are formed annually, to at least the age of 13 years. In addition, a recent study that used bomb-radiocarbon levels to estimate ages of older SBT has provided strong evidence that annual increments are deposited in the sagittal otoliths of SBT throughout life.
Translating Natural Language to Bash Commands using Deep Neural Networks

The objective of this project was to generate Bash commands from natural language using deep neural networks. We used the NLC2CMD dataset and tested three models: GPT-2, BART, and T5. We also experimented with tokenization methods and post-processing to improve accuracy on the competition scoring metric. We found that while cross-entropy loss decreased steadily for all models, only T5 was able to continue learning the structure of Bash commands. After post-processing, all models improved, but only T5 and BART exceeded the performance of the GPT-3 baseline model.
Unpredictable Attributes in Market Comment Generation

There are two types of datasets for data-to-text: one uses raw data obtained in the real world, and the other is constructed artiﬁcially for a controlled task. A straightforwardly output text is generated from its paired input data for a manually constructed dataset because the dataset is well constructed without any excess or deﬁciencies. However, it may not be possible to generate a correct output text from the input data for a dataset constructed with real-world data and text. In such cases, we have to provide additional data, for example, data or text attribute labels, in order to generate the expected output text from the paired input. This paper discusses the importance of additional input labels in data-to-text for real-world data. The content and style of a market comment change depending on its medium, the market situation, and the time of day. However, as the stock price, which is the input data, does not contain any such aforementioned information, it cannot generate comments appropriately from the data alone. Therefore, we analyse the dataset and provide additional labels which are unpredictable with input data for the appropriate parts in the model. Thus, the accuracy of sentence generation is greatly improved compared to the case without the labels.The result suggests unpredictable attributes should be given as a part of the input in the training of the text generating model.
Surviving the Top Ten Challenges of Software Testing: A People-Oriented Approach

From the Publisher: Software testers require people-oriented skills to survive what can often be a lose-lose relationship with developers and managers. Surviving the Top Ten Challenges of Software Testing goes beyond the technical skillsets required for effective testing to address the political realities that can't be solved by technical knowledge alone. Authors Perry and Rice compile a "top ten" list of the challenges faced by testers and offer tactics for success. The challenges illustrate the way testing fits into the context of software development and how testers can manage expectations and improve communication with managers, developers, and customers. The text features a self-assessment for testing skills and an action plan for improving the testing process. Topics include: training, acquiring management support, obtaining tools, communicating with customers, managing changing requirements, marketing the importance of testing, testing whatOs thrown over the wall, controlling the scope of testing, teaching developers to test, and handling the delicate situation of reporting defects. Top Ten People Challenges Facing Testers Challenge #10: Getting Trained in TestingChallenge #9: Building Relationships with DevelopersChallenge #8: Testing Without ToolsChallenge #7: Explaining Testing to ManagersChallenge #6: Communicating with Customers  And UsersChallenge #5: Making Time for TestingChallenge #4: Testing What's Thrown Over the WallChallenge #3: Hitting a Moving TargetChallenge #2: Fighting a Lose-Lose SituationChallenge #1: Having to Say No
Studi Kehandalan Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP) di Dept Utility PT Easterntex menggunakan Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM)

PT EASTERNTEX merupakan salah satu perusahaan yang memiliki plant PLTU pribadi. hal ini tentu menyebabkan pencemaran udara yang tidak sedikit,oleh karena itu peran Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP) sangatlah penting dalam mengurangi dampak dari limbah PLTU tersebut. Tujuan dari studi dengan metode Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM) ini adalah menemukan sumber masalah dengan cara analisa terpusat. Maka dari itu perlu dilakukannya analisa dari berbagai aspek Elektrik maupun aspek Mekanik dari ESP itu sendiri. Dari aspek Elektrik diperoleh nilai arus setting yang bisa diterapkan pada operasi ESP adalah sebesar 828 mA dan dari aspek mekanik dapat diperoleh kehandalan komponen-komponen yang ada di dalam Electrostatic Precipitator agar tetap bekerja secara maksimal dengan avaibilitas system yang terjaga. Komponen-komponen kritis dari ESPberdasarkan Fault Tree Analisis (FTA) adalah Hopper,Rapper,Collecting Electrode(CE) dan Discharge Electrode (DE). Interval perawatan untuk komponen-komponen kritis tersebut adalah Hopper 1752 jam,Rapper 4380 jam ,Collecting Electrode (CE) 2920 jam, Discharge Electrode (DE) 2190 jam.
Abstract 066: A Healthy Plant-based Diet Was Associated With Slower Cognitive Decline In African Americans: A Biracial Community-based Cohort Of Older Adults

Background: African Americans (AAs) are about twice as likely to develop dementia compared to non-Hispanic whites (NHWs). Dietary modification is an effective preventive strategy to reduce the rate of cognitive decline, a hallmark feature of dementia; however, evidence from diverse populations focusing on AAs is minimal. Objective: To evaluate the association between a plant-based diet and the rate of cognitive decline in a population-based sample of AAs and NHWs. Method: This study consisted of 4753 participants (62% African American, 63% female) in a biracial population-based study in the United States (Chicago Health and Aging Project, 1993 to 2012). Plant-based diet quality was evaluated by the overall plant-based diet index (PDI), the healthful PDI (hPDI), and the unhealthful PDI (uPDI). Global cognition was assessed using a composite score of four tests of cognition. We used mixed models to examine the association between PDI, hPDI, and uPDI with the rate of decline in global cognition, perceptual speed, and episodic memory. Models were adjusted for age, sex, apoE genotype, education, cognitive activities, smoking status, calorie intake, risk factors of cardiovascular disease, time, and an interaction term of time with each covariate. Results: We demonstrated that there were distinct differences in the association of dietary patterns with cognitive decline in AAs and NHWs. AAs had higher intakes of egg, fish or seafood, sugar-sweetened beverages, and whole grains compared to NHWs (p<0.001 for all). Higher hPDI was associated with a slower rate of decline in global cognition, perceptual speed, and episodic memory in AAs but not NHWs. AAs in the highest quintile of hPDI had significantly slower rates of decline in global cognition, β = 0.0183 (p=0.032), perceptual speed β = 0.0179 (p=0.04), and episodic memory β=0.0183 (p=0.04) compared to individuals in the lowest quintile of hPDI. The rate of global cognitive decline in the highest quintile was slowed by 28.4% when compared to individuals in the lowest quintile of hPDI in AAs. There were no associations with either PDI or uPDI and the rate of cognitive decline in either racial group. Conclusion: AAs and NHWs have distinct dietary patterns. A healthy plant-based diet was associated with a slower rate of decline in global cognition, perceptual speed, and episodic memory in AAs. These results are informative in facilitating the development of tailored dietary recommendations for the prevention of cognitive decline in diverse populations.
Genetic Diversity of Oat Genotypes Using SCoT Markers

: The aim of this study was to analyze the genetic variability of 22 oat genotypes, of which 20 genotypes were common oats and 2 were naked oats, using 7 SCoT primers. Out of 40 fragments that were totally ampliﬁed, 26 were polymorphic, with an average number of 3.71 polymorphic fragments per genotype. The average percentage of polymorphism was 65.67%. The value of the polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 0.305 (SCoT12) to 0.674 (SCoT8), with an average value of 0.506. Using hierarchical cluster analysis, a dendrogram was constructed. The genotypes of oats were divided into two main groups. Two naked oats ( Avena nuda L.), Czech genotype Izak and Slovak genotype Hronec, grouped side by side in subcluster Ia. The used SCoT markers showed the ability to identify and differentiate genotypes of the common and naked oats.
Localization of Underwater Noise Sources based on Broadband MVDR Focused Beamforming with Vector Sensor Array Processing

Two new methods of broadband MVDR focused beamforming are proposed in this paper.It can be utilized to locate the radiated noise sources in near field by combining vector sensor array processing with the MVDR-based high resolution bearing estimation method.Compared with the conventional technique,the proposed method has higher resolution,higher processing gain and lower side-lobe level,furthermore,has the capability of processing either coherent or non-coherrent broadband signals and judging the port and starboard.Performance comparison of the proposed method with conventional technique is also provided.
China Survey Report on the Online Learning Status of High Schools During the COVID-19 Pandemic

We examined the results of a large-scale national survey of online secondary education in China. The online survey of 33,194 high school students and 5,667 teachers provides comprehensive and representative data regarding the quality of online education and its implementation during the pandemic. Questionnaire surveys of different grades and comparative analysis of different cohorts reflect the group heterogeneity of the online learning effect. The findings reveal the situation of emergency teaching in China during the pandemic and provides targeted suggestions for school education following the resumption of classes.
SWAP: Smart WAter Protocol for the irrigation of urban gardens in Smart Cities

The implementation of Smart City projects has experimented a surge in the recent years with examples such as Smart Santander or Barcelona Smart City. Among the different domains that comprise the Smart City, water management has a great importance, more so in areas with water scarcity. Furthermore, water from different sources such as treated sewage water or collected rainwater can be utilized to address water needs where the use of potable water is not necessary. Therefore, the implementation of smart systems for the irrigation of urban gardens and other urban vegetated areas are of great importance to manage both water needs and the available resources. In this paper, a communication protocol for smart irrigation systems designed within the context of the Smart City is presented. The protocol enables the communication among devices with both LoRa and WiFi wireless technologies. Tests were performed with low-cost devices on an urban area. The results demonstrate the good performance of the proposal, obtaining the minimum packet loss by adding a 500 ms delay at the CH node when transmitting messages from WiFi to LoRa and vice versa.
Effects of hedgerows on the preservation of spontaneous biodiversity and the promotion of biotic regulation services in agriculture: towards a more constructive relationships between agriculture and biodiversity

ABSTRACT Central to the agroecological transition is biodiversity, which, once restored in agroecosystems, should provide multiple ecosystem services that result from the interactions between different organisms. However, the diversity of expected services raises questions about the capacity of agroecosystems to simultaneously provide many of them as well as the possible existence of synergies and antagonisms. In particular, the relationships between crop-associated biodiversity (i.e. biodiversity in action in crops) and spontaneous biodiversity (i.e. biodiversity not directly related to agriculture) remain unclear. In this article, we analyse the impact of hedgerows on the preservation of spontaneous biodiversity, on the promotion of biotic regulation services such as pollination and pest control in agriculture, and on the interactions between spontaneous and associated biodiversity. Our analysis of the scientific literature shows that hedgerows are unique assets for the preservation of spontaneous biodiversity, while they also provide biotic regulation services to adjacent crops but only under specific conditions, which need to be better understood. We propose a functional conceptual framework of the ecological effects of hedgerows on associated biodiversity and we highlight the possible synergistic and antagonistic effects related to hedgerow characteristics and the life-history traits of the organisms under consideration. Our analysis therefore seeks to overcome the cleavage between associated biodiversity and spontaneous biodiversity. This approach is in keeping with a more harmonious relationship between agriculture and biodiversity.
Die Zukunft im Visier: Produktionsintegrierter Umweltschutz bei der Herstellung von Beton- und Stahlbetonelementen des Hochbaus im Fertigteilwerk

This contribution on the BMBF promotion project PRODOMO is a follow-up to the articles previously published in BFT 3/2002 and 4/2002 and presents the results of a subproject in which the manufacturing stage of precast components in the production cycle was examined and assessed in terms of its environmental relevance.
MULTIFUNCTION CROSS POLARIZATION CONVERTER BASED ON ULTRA-THIN TRANSMISSIVE CHIRAL METASURFACE IN C AND X BANDS

|Polarization is an essential feature of electromagnetic (EM) waves, and the variety and simplicity of polarization conversion have substantial demands in wireless systems. Metasurfaces, two-dimensional arti(cid:12)cial electromagnetic structures, are emerging as novel modulation solutions for EM waves. In this work, a multifunction polarization converter based on a transmissive metasurface (MPC-TMS) is suggested. This planar structure is made up of a copper-clad dielectric substrate with top and bottom orthogonal slotted sheets joined by a metal via. With frequency selectivity, x - and y linear cross-polarization transformations are eﬃciently achieved between 8.04{8.82 GHz (9.25%) and 7.04{9.07 GHz (25.19%), respectively. Meanwhile, the presented microstructure is capable of rotating a circularly polarized incident wave into its opposite handedness from 8.16 to 8.87 GHz (8.46%). Both peak transmission eﬃciency and the polarization conversion ratio exceed 0.95 simultaneously. In addition, resonance superposition and coupling eﬀects are investigated to explain the operating mechanism. This microstructure not only has a simple construction with an ultra-thin thickness (0 : 06 (cid:21) ), but also reveals superiorities in bandwidth, transmission, and eﬃciency. To verify the above quadruple polarization conversion, measurement has been implemented, and the results are reasonably accordant with simulation, suggesting that the low-pro(cid:12)le converter is conducive to future telecommunication design where polarization diversity is needed.
Bounded arbitrage and nearly rational behavior

We establish the equivalence between a principle of almost absence of arbitrage opportunities and nearly rational decision-making. The implications of such principle are considered in the context of the aggregation of probabilistic opinions and of stochastic choice functions. In the former a bounded arbitrage principle and its equivalent form as an approximately Pareto condition are shown to bound the difference between the collective probabilistic assessment of a set of states and a linear aggregation rule on the individual assessments. In the latter we show that our general principle of limited arbitrage opportunities translates into a weakening of the McFadden–Richter axiom of stochastic rationality, and gives an upper bound for the minimum distance of a stochastic choice function to another in the class of random utility maximization models.
Suitable Strategy to Overcome the Barriers in Online Learning

As a consequence of COVID-19 pandemic, lockdown was imposed and sudden changes in the education system from traditional face to face to fully online mode. The objective of the study is to analyse the barriers faced by the students in online learning and verify with Confi rmatory Factor Analysis and suggest a suitable strategy to overcome the barriers. The study was conducted at Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University with 240 students who participated in online learning. The results revealed that greater proportion of the students often used smart phone (92.08%) for online learning. About 40.00 per cent of the students spent 19-28 hours per week in online classes. The study revealed nine barriers in online learning as perceived by the students namely unfavourable learning environment, lack of knowledge on eff ective use of online apps, lack of expertise and skills in using the apps, it is expensive, online learning is time consuming, internet connectivity issues, lack of uninterrupted power supply, problem with application compatibility with ICT tools and health issues. For barriers in online learning the goodness of fi t of model indices were satisfactory. The factor loadings were greater than 0.40 and reliability of two factors technical barriers and personal barriers were 0.709 and 0.812 respectively. The strategies to overcome the barriers in online learning included the creation an organised study space, active participation of the students, eliminating distractions, etc.
La pastorale della salute nella chiesa italiana

La recente pubblicazione di un documento sulla pastorale della salute da parte della CEI offre l'occasione di vedere a che punto si trovi questo settore della presenza e dell'azione della chiesa italiana. Nelle "linee di pastorale sanitaria" confluiscono, uniti in armoniosa sintesi, gli elementi innovativi maturati nel periodo post-conciliare. Si auspica una pastorale sanitaria più organica, pluridimensionale e più partecipativa. Di tutti i soggetti della pastorale vengono delineati i compiti, tenendo conto delle indicazioni ecclesiologiche più recenti e dei frutti dell'esperienza pastorale degli ultimi decenni. Alla luce di questo documento, la prossimità del malato, compito di sempre, acquisisce nuove forme che mirano a migliorare l'assistenza agli infermi non solo attraverso un'azione diretta, ma anche attraverso una giusta influenza sulle istanze socio-politiche del paese.