Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Security of Satellite-Terrestrial Communications: Challenges and Potential Solutions

The integration of satellite and terrestrial networks has become inevitable in the next generations of communications networks due to emerging needs of ubiquitous connectivity of remote locations. New and existing services and critical infrastructures in remote locations in sea, on land and in space will be seamlessly connected through a diverse set of terrestrial and non-terrestrial communication technologies. However, the integration of terrestrial and non-terrestrial systems will open up both systems to unique security challenges that can arise due to the migration of security challenges from one to another. Similarly, security challenges can also arise due to the incompatibility of distinct systems or incoherence of security policies. The resulting security implications, thus, can be highly consequential due to the criticality of the infrastructures such as space stations, autonomous ships, and airplanes, for instance. Therefore, in this article we study existing security challenges in satellite-terrestrial communication systems and discuss potential solutions for those challenges. Furthermore, we provide important research directions to encourage future research on existing security gaps.
Mass transfer techniques for large-scale and high-density microLED arrays

Inorganic-based micro light-emitting diodes (microLEDs) offer more fascinating properties and unique demands in next-generation displays. However, the small size of the microLED chip (1–100 µm) makes it extremely challenging for high efficiency and low cost to accurately, selectively, integrate millions of microLED chips. Recent impressive technological advances have overcome the drawbacks of traditional pick-and-place techniques when they were utilized in the assembly of microLED display, including the most broadly recognized laser lift-off technique, contact micro-transfer printing (µTP) technique, laser non-contact µTP technique, and self-assembly technique. Herein, we firstly review the key developments in mass transfer technique and highlight their potential value, covering both the state-of-the-art devices and requirements for mass transfer in the assembly of the ultra-large-area display and virtual reality glasses. We begin with the significant challenges and the brief history of mass transfer technique, and expand that mass transfer technique is composed of two major techniques, namely, the epitaxial Lift-off technique and the pick-and-place technique. The basic concept and transfer effects for each representative epitaxial Lift-off and pick-and-place technique in mass transfer are then overviewed separately. Finally, the potential challenges and future research directions of mass transfer are discussed.
Dynamics and structure of interfacial crack fronts

The propagation of an interfacial crack front through a weak plane of a transparent Plexiglas block has been studied experimentally. A stable crack in mode I was generated by loading the system by an imposed displacement. The local velocities of the fracture front line have been measured by using an high speed CCD camera. The distribution of the velocities exhibits a power law behavior for velocities larger than the average front velocity with a crossover to a slowly increasing function for velocities lower than . The fluctuations in the velocities reflect an underlying irregular bursts activity with a power law distribution of the bursts. We further found that the size of the local bursts scales differently in the direction parallel to and perpendicular to the fracture front.
Mindfulness and Regulatory Emotional Self-Efficacy of Injured Athletes Returning to Sports: The Mediating Role of Competitive State Anxiety and Athlete Burnout

Usually, both external environmental factors and internal psychological factors affect the self-efficacy of athletes returning to sports after an injury. Based upon COR theory, this study investigated mindfulness interventions’ effects on competitive state anxiety and burnout in injured athletes who are returning to sports. The study was conducted in South China from March to April 2022. The snowball and convenience sampling methods were used to select high-level sports teams’ injured athletes returning to sports, and a questionnaire survey was administered, from which 433 valid samples were obtained. Amos v. 26 was used to analyze the data. The results showed that mindfulness has a significant negative effect on competitive state anxiety and burnout, such that after strengthening the mindfulness intervention, athletes’ competitive state anxiety and burnout decreased and regulatory emotional self-efficacy increased. Further, this study indicated that athletes are prone to negative emotions after injury, and among athletes who returned to sports after injury, those with mindfulness interventions reported lower levels of competitive state anxiety and burnout. Hence, the study demonstrated that mindfulness can improve regulatory emotional self-efficacy in injured athletes who are returning to sports by reducing competitive state anxiety and burnout.
Prefire Vegetation Structure of High Severity Wildfires in Nonherbaceous‐Dominated Rangelands in the Western United States

High severity rangeland wildfires have enormous negative impacts on human safety and infrastructure and may have long‐term consequences on ecosystem structure, function, and services, across the vast rangelands in the western United States. We explored prefire vegetation structure of all high severity wildfires, as well as associated areas with low and moderate burn severity, in nonherbaceous‐dominated rangelands in western United States from 1985 to 2018, based on fractional cover of annual forbs and grasses, perennial forbs and grasses, shrubs and trees from the Rangeland Analysis Platform. These wildfires were grouped into nine clusters using Expectation Maximization algorithms and patterns of prefire vegetation structure and the major vegetation types were assessed. High woody cover is a common characteristic of the prefire vegetation structure. Four of the clusters, which accounted for more than 70% of the areas of high severity wildfires, were characterized by high (∼50%) woody cover in prefire vegetation structure. The areas with high severity burns also had significantly higher woody cover than the areas with low or moderate severity burns in eight of the nine clusters. Some of these ecosystems can have abundant fine fuel, structural connectivity such as fuel laddering, and/or highly flammable materials, which can facilitate the ignition of the woody crowns, leading to high severity wildfires. Management strategies (such as prescribed burning) that can decrease woody cover and reduce standing dead vegetation and fuel laddering could be effective in reducing the risk and extent of high severity wildfires on rangelands in the western United States.
Relations Between Quantum and Classical Spectral Determinants (Zeta-Functions)

We demonstrate that beyond the universal regime correlators of quantum spectral determinants $\Delta(\epsilon)=\det (\epsilon-\hat{H})$ of chaotic systems, defined through an averaging over a wide energy interval, are determined by the underlying classical dynamics through the spectral determinant $1/Z(z)=\det (z- {\cal L})$, where $e^{-{\cal L}t}$ is the Perron-Frobenius operator. Application of these results to the Riemann zeta function, allows us to conjecture new relations satisfied by this function.
Poverty, Prevalences, and Penalties in U.S. States, 1993-2016

ABSTRACT Poverty is unevenly distributed within the United States – – a fact demonstrated by a rich literature on inequality in the US. By ignoring such variation, research runs the risk of overlooking the geographical distribution of poverty and risks that increase the likelihood of poverty. In this article, I address this by: (1) building on the prevalence and penalties framework, developed in cross-national scholarship, and applying it to the U.S. case given state autonomy in poverty policy; and (2) conducting longitudinal analyses using high-quality data derived from the Census Bureau’s Current Population Survey Annual Social and Economic Supplement (CPS-ASEC). Through these analyses, I examine the extent of interstate variation in poverty and in the prevalence of risks and the penalties associated with those risks. Results confirm interstate variation in poverty similar to that seen across rich democracies – the focus of much cross-national comparative work – and demonstrate sizable differences in risks and their associated penalties that have grown rapidly since the welfare reforms of the 1990s. These findings have substantial implications for scholars and policymakers interested in understanding poverty and vulnerability in the United States.
Wave Mechanics without Probability

The behavior of monochromatic electromagnetic waves in stationary media is shown to be ruled by a frequency dependent function, which we call Wave Potential, encoded in the structure of the Helmholtz equation. Contrary to the common belief that the very concept of "ray trajectory" is reserved to the eikonal approximation, a general and exact ray-based Hamiltonian treatment, reducing to the eikonal approximation in the absence of Wave Potential, shows that its presence induces a mutual, perpendicular ray-coupling, which is the one and only cause of any typically wave-like phenomenon, such as diffraction and interference. Recalling, then, that the time-independent Schroedinger and Klein-Gordon equations (associating stationary "matter waves" to mono-energetic particles) are themselves Helmholtz-like equations, the exact, ray-based treatment developed for classical electromagnetic waves is extended - without resorting to statistical concepts - to the exact, trajectory-based Hamiltonian dynamics of mono-energetic point-like particles, both in the non-relativistic and in the relativistic case. The trajectories turn out to be perpendicularly coupled, once more, by an exact, stationary, energy-dependent Wave Potential, coinciding in the form, but not in the physical meaning, with the statistical, time-varying, energy-independent "Quantum Potential" of Bohm's theory, which views particles, just like the standard Copenhagen interpretation, as traveling wave-packets. These results, together with the connection which is shown to exist between Wave Potential and Uncertainty Principle, suggest a novel, non-probabilistic interpretation of Wave Mechanics.
The Multi-Facets of Increasing the Renewable Energy Integration in Power Systems

The increase in the share of renewable energy in the power generation mix plays a pivotal role in the decarbonisation of power systems, thus facilitating the achievement of international and national targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and addressing climate change. Due to the intermittent nature of variable renewable energy, the integration of these sources in power systems requires investments in additional solutions and setting strategies to ensure grid stability and reliability. For that purpose, a prospective modelling was applied to the relatively isolated island named Procida, located in the gulf of Naples in Italy, through the bottom-up optimization model TIMES-Procida for a long-term energy plan where technical solutions, i.e., deployment of photovoltaics on rooftops and storage, and policy scenarios, i.e., energy efficiency, were used to analyse the evolution of the energy system. The introduction of renewable energy could be much more relevant when dealing with islands; they appear as decisive territories for experimentation and analysis of the transformation of all power systems. At year 2050, our results address decarbonisation and energy autonomy. They show that only with high shares of renewable energy will the territory see a noticeable decarbonisation of its economic sectors (up to 24%) and a decreasing dependency on imports (−16.6% compared to low renewable integration). By comparing the results of scenarios including or lacking storage solutions, we showcased how this reflected on the investments in PV and on grid congestion relief.
Target Detection Based on Information Fusion of Millimeter-Wave Radar and Visual Camera

A target detection method based on millimeter-wave radar and visual sensor information fusion is proposed. First, the millimeter-wave radar and the camera are jointly calibrated to realize the spatio-temporal synchronization of the radar and the image data, and accurately project the target position detected by the radar into the image. According to the principle of target detection of millimeter-wave radar, the limitation of the maximum detection speed of radar and the problem of the decrease of position detection accuracy when the target is at a large angle are analyzed. The data fusion algorithm based on dual sensors is analyzed and researched, and a data model of information fusion of visual camera and millimeter wave radar is established. Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the accuracy of the algorithm based on multi-sensor data fusion is better than the target detection algorithm based on single millimeter wave radar or camera image data.
Spatial Structure within Root Systems Moderates Stability of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Mutualism and Plant-Soil Feedbacks

The persistence of mutualisms is paradoxical, as there are fitness incentives for exploitation. This is particularly true for plant-microbe mutualisms like arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM), which are promiscuously horizontally transmitted. Preferential allocation by hosts to the best mutualist can stabilize horizontal mutualisms; however, preferential allocation is imperfect, with its fidelity likely depending on the spatial structure of symbionts in plant roots. In this study we tested AM mutualisms’ dependence on two dimensions of spatial structure—the initial spatial association of fungi and the ease of fungal dispersal—through three complementary experiments. We found that fitness of the beneficial AM fungus increased when fungi were initially separate, while initial spatial mixing benefited the fitness of the nonbeneficial fungus. These effects were strongest when dispersal was limited and hosts could discriminate. Additionally, we found that changes in AM fungal proportional abundance induced by spatial structure in roots of a preferentially allocating host produced positive feedbacks on plant growth, showing that interactions between spatial structure and host choice can determine the direction of plant-soil feedbacks. Our results suggest that symbiont spatial structure within plant roots may act as an important modifier of plant preferential allocation and the dynamics of mycorrhizal mutualisms, with potentially cascading effects on plant-plant interactions.
Experimental Verification of Gain and Bandwidth Enhancement of Fractal Contoured Metamaterial Inspired Antenna

In this work, a 2.5 GHz fractal contoured square microstrip antenna with four ring metamaterial structure, hereon referred to as optimized metamaterial inspired square fractal antenna (OMSFA), has been presented. This paper is an extension to the previously designed OMSFA [4] and aims to experimentally verify the enhanced gain and bandwidth of this antenna. The design and simulation of the proposed OMSFA was accomplished by using Ansys HFSS (v18.2). The end-to-end antenna spread area is 23 mm x 23 mm on a 46 mm x 28 mm x 1.6 mm FR4 substrate (εr = 4.4). The simulated OMSFA was fabricated using Nvis 72 Prototyping Machine and measured in an anechoic chamber facility using vector network analyzer. The antenna resonates with the deepest return loss at S11 of -39.5 dB in a broad bandwidth of 2.53 GHz from 2.265 GHz to 4.79 GHz with experimental verification. The OMSFA provides an enhanced gain of 8.81 dB at the desired frequency of 2.5 GHz. The simulation and experimental results of resonance, gain and radiation pattern are found to agree maximally. The fractional bandwidth offered by this proposed antenna is 72.28%. The experimental validation confirms enhanced gain-bandwidth performance in a wide resonance band. Hence, the OMSFA is well recommended for wireless and energy harvesting rectenna applications.
Big-Data in Healthcare Management and Analysis: A Review Article

Big data in healthcare is used to describe a massive amount of information about the collection of patient records created by digital technology. It also helps in managing hospital performance. The main aim and objective of this article are to show how big data is used in healthcare and management with the analysis of big data. Mainly this article narrates the special characteristics and different phases of big data as it is an essential process because it allows health care providers to go down and learn more about the care they have provided to their patients. In a health care section, big data analytics offers many benefits for detecting severe disorders in the starting phase and delivering higher quality healthcare facilities to the correct client at the proper time to improve the quality of life of the patient. If data is managed and analyzed correctly, it will provide a piece of meaningful information for the patients. It is also beneficial, reducing medical errors, preventing mass disease, detecting diseases, and focusing on patients’ personalized care. As this big data in healthcare has a characteristic too based on that, they are defining themselves. Big data analytics in healthcare allow for analyzing large amounts of information from more than a thousand patients.
DOA Estimation Using an Unfolded Deep Network in the Presence of Array Imperfections

Deep learning has gained remarkable popularity due to its widespread success in a number of practical applications such as image classification and speech recognition. In this paper, we consider the application of deep learning to DOA estimation problem in the presence of array imperfections. Firstly, through spatially overcomplete formulation, the DOA estimation problem is converted to a sparse linear inverse problem, where one seeks to recover a sparse signal from a few noisy linear measurements. Then an iterative sparse signal recovery algorithm, iterative shrinkage/thresholding algorithm(ISTA), is “unfolded” to form an interpretable and learnable deep network-learned ISTA(LISTA). LISTA is applied to recover the DOA spectrum after trained with vast amounts of training data. We find that LISTA is of good robustness against noise and array imperfections due to the training procedure. Comprehensive simulations and experiments have been carried out, and the superiority of the proposed method can be clearly seen.
Synthesis and Characterization of Silica–Tantala Microporous Membranes for Gas Separations Fabricated Using Chemical Vapor Deposition

Composite membranes consisting of microporous tantalum-doped silica layers supported on mesoporous alumina substrates were fabricated using chemical vapor deposition (CVD) in both thermal decomposition and counter-flow oxidative deposition modes. Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) was used as the silica precursor and tantalum (V) ethoxide (TaEO) as the tantalum source. Amounts of TaEO from 0 mol% to 40 mol% were used in the CVD gas mixture and high H2 permeances above 10−7 mol m−2 s−1 Pa−1 were obtained for all conditions. Close examination was made of the H2/CH4 and O2/CH4 selectivities due to the potential use of these membranes in methane reforming or partial oxidation of methane applications. Increasing deposition temperature correlated with increasing H2/CH4 selectivity at the expense of O2/CH4 selectivity, suggesting a need to optimize membrane synthesis for a specific selectivity. Measured at 400 °C, the highest H2/CH4 selectivity of 530 resulted from thermal CVD at 650 °C, whereas the highest O2/CH4 selectivity of 6 resulted from thermal CVD at 600 °C. The analysis of the membranes attempted by elemental analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy revealed that Ta was undetectable because of instrumental limitations. However, the physical properties of the membranes indicated that the Ta must have been present at least at dopant levels. It was found that the pore size of the resultant membranes increased from 0.35 nm for pure Si to 0.37 nm for a membrane prepared with 40 mol% Ta. Similarly, an increase in Ta in the feed resulted in an increase in O2/CH4 selectivity at the expense of H2/CH4 selectivity. Additionally, it resulted in a decrease in hydrothermal stability, with the membranes prepared with higher Ta suffering greater permeance and selectivity declines during 96 h of exposure to 16 mol% H2O in Ar at 650 °C.
Recent Advances in the Emerging Therapeutic Strategies for Diabetic Kidney Diseases

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the most common causes of end-stage renal disease worldwide. The treatment of DKD is strongly associated with clinical outcomes in patients with diabetes mellitus. Traditional therapeutic strategies focus on the control of major risk factors, such as blood glucose, blood lipids, and blood pressure. Renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitors have been the main therapeutic measures in the past, but the emergence of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, incretin mimetics, and endothelin-1 receptor antagonists has provided more options for the management of DKD. Simultaneously, with advances in research on the pathogenesis of DKD, some new therapies targeting renal inflammation, fibrosis, and oxidative stress have gradually entered clinical application. In addition, some recently discovered therapeutic targets and signaling pathways, mainly in preclinical and early clinical trial stages, are expected to provide benefits for patients with DKD in the future. This review summarizes the traditional treatments and emerging management options for DKD, demonstrating recent advances in the therapeutic strategies for DKD.
Stormorken syndrome caused by STIM1 mutation: A case report and literature review

The aim of the present case study was to identify the genetic cause of a patient with a clinical presentation of tubular aggregate myopathy (TAM)/Stormorken syndrome (STRMK) and review the published clinical data of patients with TAM/STRMK. A child with thrombocytopenia and hyperCKemia at the Children's Hospital of Soochow University were recruited in the study. Peripheral blood samples of the infant and her parents were collected, and then whole-exome sequencing was performed. Detection of the stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) level of the child was performed using western blot analysis. In addition, a literature review was performed based on a thorough retrieval of published literature from the PubMed database, as well as domestic databases. In the present study, the c.326A>G mutation in a STIM1 allele (p.H109R) was identified only in the child, as opposed to the unaffected parents. The level of STIM1 was not decreased in the child. Among the mutation sites identified in previous studies, there were 46 cases across 30 families of STIM1 EF-hand mutations, 21 cases across 14 families of STIM1 CC1 mutations and 20 cases across 8 families of calcium release-activated calcium channel protein 1 mutations, in which 7 parents had the same mutation site as the patient described herein. On the whole, it is demonstrated that TAM/STRMK is an extremely rare disease with autosomal dominant inheritance. Patients often have multisystemic signs. Gene detection at an early stage is helpful for diagnosis. Long-term exercise training may also have a certain curative effect.