Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimization of Machining Parameters during Drilling of 7075 Aluminium Alloy

Proper selection of drilling parameters is one of the significant challenges in drilling process. In this study, a new method for selection of optimal machining parameters during drilling operation is investigated. The present study deals with multiple-performance optimization of machining characteristics during drilling of 7075 aluminum alloy. The most commonly-used material in aerospace industry is aluminum alloy with zinc as the primary alloying element. The drilling parameters used for this experiment include cutting speed, feed rate and drill diameter while the two output parameters are surface roughness and dimension error. These outputs are specified to be optimized as a measure of process performance. The statistical model is generated from linear polynomial equations which are developed from different output responses when the machining parameters are changed. The Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm optimization results show high performance in solving the present problem.
Stratégie d'élévation des coûts des concurrents pour préserver un système productif agro-alimentaire. Le cas d'une filière fromagère d'appellation d'origine

The research of a market power based on a strategy of raising rivals' costs can settle out of vertical integration strategy or suppliers control process. We show that some business companies (farmers, agro-food processing firms) related within an agro-food local productive system try to control for the better the rules which govern the PDO cheese production chain. We use the theory of Raising Rivals' Costs to understand and scrutinize the economic consequences of the functioning of juridical implements. We suggest that the collective control of the PDO production rules sheds light on the strategy of Raising Rivals' Costs to protect the cheese productive system and its benefits from rivals.
All-digital PLL with ΔΣ DLL embedded TDC

An all-digital PLL (ADPLL) which employs a ΔΣ delay-locked loop (DLL) to achieve a PVT-insensitive time resolution of the time-to-digital converter (TDC) as well as noise-shaped dithering is implemented in 65 nm CMOS. Experimental results show that the proposed method can achieve spur reduction with slight degradation of in-band phase noise. The 1.8 GHz ADPLL consumes 14.3 mW, while the TDC with the ΔΣ DLL consumes 2.1 mW.
Identification of Toxic Herbs Using Deep Learning with Focus on the Sinomenium Acutum, Aristolochiae Manshuriensis Caulis, Akebiae Caulis

Toxic herbs are similar in appearance to those known to be safe, which can lead to medical accidents caused by identification errors. We aimed to study the deep learning models that can be used to distinguish the herb Aristolochiae Manshuriensis Caulis (AMC), which contains carcinogenic and nephrotoxic ingredients from Akebiae Caulis (AC) and Sinomenium acutum (SA). Five hundred images of each herb without backgrounds, captured with smartphones, and 100 images from the Internet were used as learning materials. The study employed the deep-learning models VGGNet16, ResNet50, and MobileNet for the identification. Two additional techniques were tried to enhance the accuracy of the models. One was extracting the edges from the images of the herbs using canny edge detection (CED) and the other was applying transfer learning (TL) to each model. In addition, the sensitivity and specificity of AMC, AC, and SA identification were assessed by experts with a Ph.D. degree in herbology, undergraduates and clinicians of oriental medicine, and the ability was compared with those of MobileNet-TL′s. The identification accuracies of VGGNet16, ResNet50, and MobileNet were 93.9%, 92.2%, and 95.6%, respectively. After adopting the CED technique, the accuracy was 95.0% for VGGNet16, 63.9% for ResNet50, and 80.0% for MobileNet. After using TL without the CED technique, the accuracy was 97.8% for VGGNet16-TL, 98.9% for ResNet50-TL, and 99.4% for MobileNet-TL. Finally, MobileNet-TL showed the highest accuracy among three models. MobileNet-TL had higher identification accuracy than experts with a Ph.D. degree in herbology in Korea. The result identifying AMC, AC, and SA in MobileNet-TL has demonstrated a great capability to distinguish those three herbs beyond human identification accuracy. This study indicates that the deep-learning model can be used for herb identification.
Analysis of Water Storage in the Paraná Basin Using GRACE Data, Associated With TRMM and MOD16 data

A few years ago, specifically the biennium 2013/14, a scenario of water crisis became real in São Paulo, which is located in the Paraná basin. The watersheds are management units, being in the basin where all types of activities occur (industrial, human, agricultural, among others). In this way a hydrological study of the basin allows the decision making in relation to water resources to be more effective. In this context, the objective of this work was to conduct a multitemporal analysis of water storage in the Paraná basin between 2002 and 2014. For this, water storage data provided by the GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) mission was used. For a more detailed analysis, the Paraná basin was divided into six sub-basins, being “Grande”, “Paraná Verde”, “Paranaíba”, Paraná Paranapanema”,” Paraná Tietê” and “Paraná Iguaçu “. Correlation of water storage data with TRMM (Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission) and MOD16 (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) orbital data was also performed, aiming at identifying the periods of greater drought occurrence, as well as quantifying the reduction along the basin. Due to the high reliability of the data used, it was possible to verify that the water crisis of 2013/14 was the most pronounced in recent years. It was possible to verify that the GRACE data are better suited for larger areas, without disregarding the shape of the area.
Genomic, chromosomal, and ecological differentiation between the cryptic Eurasian malaria vector-species Anopheles messeae and Anopheles daciae

Background A dominant malaria vector, Anopheles messeae, is a highly polymorphic species with wide distribution throughout Eurasia. Five highly polymorphic inversions associated with the geographical distribution of the species have been reported. A sister species, An. daciae, was described and discriminated from An. messeae based on five fixed nucleotide substitutions in the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) of ribosomal DNA. However, the levels of genomic divergence, chromosomal variation, and ecological differentiation between these two cryptic species remain unexplored. Results In this study, we sequenced ITS2 and analyzed the inversion frequencies of 289 Anopheles larvae specimens collected from three locations in the Moscow region. We identified a high abundance of both An. messeae and An. daciae in all three locations. Five individual genomes for each species of An. messeae and An. daciae from one location were sequenced. Our study confirmed five previously described nucleotide substitutions in the ITS2 of An. messeae. However, we found that the ITS2 sequence in An. daciae was heterogenic in three of the five positions. Fixed nucleotide differences between An. messeae and An. daciae were found only in the last two positions. One mosquito was identified as a hybrid between An. messeae and An. daciae based on heterogeneous substitutions in all five positions. Although, the genomic sequence comparison demonstrated genome-wide divergence between the two species, which is especially pronounced on the X chromosome, an ADMIXTURE cluster analysis demonstrated the presence of two admixed individuals suggesting ongoing hybridization. Cytogenetic analysis demonstrated that An. messeae and An. daciae significantly differ from each other by their frequency of polymorphic inversions. Inversion X1 was fixed in An. messeae but was polymorphic in all An. daciae populations. The frequency of polymorphic autosomal inversions was higher in An. messeae than in An. daciae. The species composition was different among the studied locations suggesting species-specific ecological preferences. Conclusions Our study demonstrated that An. messeae and An. daciae represent closely related cryptic species with incomplete reproductive isolation that are able to maintain genomic differentiation in sympatry despite ongoing genetic introgression. The X chromosome plays an important role in the reproductive isolation between the species.
Photolithography for the static compensation of human eye aberrations

Recent developments in human eye aberration measurements allow to design and fabricate compensating elements aiming to achieve aberration-limited imaging. This is important not merely from a subject's viewpoint (improving the sharpness of the outer world images formed at the retina) but mainly for clinical instrumentation purposes, especially those dealing with high-resolution retinal imaging (eye fundus cameras, scanning laser ophtlalmosopes, etc.). Here we report recent developments in the correction of the static component of the eye aberrations. Aberration data of several subjects were used for manufacturing personally customized phase plates designed to compensate for the wave aberration in the human eye. These plates were made by gray-level single-mask photosculpture in photoresist and then placed in front of the eye. The effects of misalignments as well as the strategy to design wide-field correcting elements are briefly revised. Applications include improving images in scanning laser ophtalmoscopes. The future plans of research including application of axicons for compensation of the lack of accommodation and kinoforms cancelling high amounts of eye's aberrations in monochromatic illumination are also sketched.
DETEKSI GEN MSG UNTUK PENINGKATKAN KETEPATAN DIAGNOSIS PNEUMOCYSTIS JIROVECII PADA PASIEN HIV DENGAN PNEUMONIA

Abstract Pneumocystis jirovecii is the cause of opportunistic infections in the lower respiratory tract of immunocompromised patients, especiallyin human immunodeficiencyvirus (HIV ). Until now the case of P. jirovecii in Indonesia is not known with certainty because the data obtained only based on patient’s clinical condition. Culture is still on going research while microscopic as a gold standard has some limitation, among others, takes a long time in the process, requires special kills to work and interpret results. The diagnosis of P.jirovecii infection in Indonesia is still based on clinical and microscopic examination, which takes a long time, is less sensitive and specific. Based on this reason then developed rPCR that more sensitive and specific. In addtionthe results obtained are less sensitive and spesific. Based on that, in this study developed real-time PCR (rPCR) molecular test that more sensitive and apesific using gene MajorSurface Glicoprotein (MSG). MSG is detection target of its presence in the fungus cell wall is very abundant and has a sustainable sequence. The rPCR was successfully optimized with a minimum DNA detection capability of 6.55 cop / μl and did not cross-react with other microorganisms tested in this study. Obtauned 50 clinical sampels consisting of sputum and sputum induction. The result of comparison between microscopic test and rPCR show that rPCR increase positive results up to 20%. The rPCR test can detect P.jirovecii on clinical samples of sputum and induced sputum from HIV patients with pneumonia with CD4 +> 200 or ≤ 200 cells. Keywords : real time PCR, HIV, pneumocystis jirovecii. Abstrak Pneumocystisjirovecii adalah penyebab infeksi oportunistik di saluran pernapasan bawah pada individu dengan sistem kekebalan tubuh yang lemah, terutama pada pasien HIV. Pemeriksaan infeksi P. jirovecii di Indonesia masih berdasarkan pemeriksaan klinis dan mikroskopis, yang memerlukan waktu yang cukup lama, kurang sensitif dan spesifik. Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka dalam penelitian ini dikembangkan uji molekuler real time PCR (rPCR) yang lebih sensitif dan spesifik. Uji rPCR telah berhasil dioptimasi dengan kemampuan deteksi minimum DNA 6,55 copy/μl dan tidak bereaksi silang dengan mikroorganisme yang diuji pada penelitian ini. Dibandingkan dengan uji mikroskopis, uji rPCR memberikan hasil positif 20% lebih tinggi daripada uji mikroskopis. Uji rPCR dapat mendeteksi P.jirovecii pada sampel klinis sputum dan sputum induksi dari pasien HIV dengan pneumonia denganjumlah sel CD 4+ > 200 maupun ≤ 200. Oleh karena itu, uji rPCR yang telah dioptimasi dalam studi ini dapat mendeteksi P.jirovecii pada sampel klinis sputum dan sputum induksi dari pasien HIV dengan pneumonia dengan jumlah sel CD 4+ > 200 maupun ≤ 200. Kata Kunci : real time PCR, HIV, pneumocystis jirovecii.
The prevalence of serine-aspartate dipeptide-repeat region (sdr C and E) putative virulence gene among local isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from different sources

Staphylococcus aureus is an important bacterial pathogen associated with a wide range of infections due to its ability to produced several types of virulence factors. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of serine-aspartate dipeptide-repeat region (sdr C and E) genes among S. aureus isolates from different sources. A total of 37 isolates was conducted in this study divided into 17 isolates from tonsils infections and a 20 isolates from nasal carriage, the prevalence of sdrC and sdrE genes was detected by polymerase chain reaction technique. The results showed high prevalence of sdrC and sdrE genes among bacteria from tonsils infections in compared with isolates of nasal carriage with high significant differences. Also, sdrC gene was high prevalent than sdrE in tonsils isolates than in nasal carriage. In brief, the sdr genes highly prevalent in S. aureus isolates from invasive infections when compared with nasal carriage isolates with predominant of sdrC gene.
A new approach to verify and derive a transverse-field-dependent mobility model for electrons in MOS inversion layers

A modeling approach is described that extracts the functional dependence of carrier mobility on local transverse and longitudinal fields, channel doping, fixed interface charge, and temperature in MOS inversion and accumulation layers directly from the experimentally measured effective (or average) mobility. This approach does not require a priori detailed knowledge of the experimental variation of mobility within the inversion or accumulation layer, and it can be used to evaluate the validity of other models described in the literature. Also, an improved transverse-field dependent mobility model is presented for electrons in MOS inversion layers that was developed using this new modeling approach. This model has been implemented in the PISCES 2-D device simulation program. Comparisons of the calculated versus measured data show excellent agreement for I/sub D/-V/sub G/ and I/sub D/-V/sub D/ curves for devices with L/sub eff/=0.5 to 1.2 mu m. >
Interaction of liver arginase and L-arginine-NO system in the processes of detoxification, lipid peroxidation and the formation of the thyroid status in rats with chronic ethanol intoxication

A sufficient number of facts testifying the importance of liver arginase and nitrogen monoxide in the life processes in the normal and pathological conditions have been accumulated to date. The aim of the study was to determine the significance of the relationship and interaction of liver arginase and L-arginine-NO system in the processes of detoxification, lipid peroxidation and the formation of the thyroid status in rats with chronic ethanol intoxication. In rat experiments using the modern physiological, biochemical research methods and a pharmacological approach, it was found that chronic ethanol intoxication leads to a decrease in the liver arginase activity and the triiodothyronine concentration. At the same time, the increase in the level of “average molecules”, NO3 – /NO2 –, the content of lipid peroxidation products in the plasma, as well as the increase in the blood toxicity degree, the activity of alanine amino transferase, aspartate amino transferase and the narcotic sleep duration were observed. Hyperthyroid rats demonstrated the increased liver arginase activity, the processes of detoxification, lipid peroxidation and body temperature while rats with the experimental hypothyroidism showed the opposite results. The liver arginase depression caused by the injection of Nω-hydroxy-nor-L-arginine (Nor-NOHA), or L-valine into the body prevents the body temperature increase and the development of characteristic changes in the detoxification and lipid peroxidation processes acted upon by exogenous triiodothyronine. Under the conditions of the liver arginase inhibition by Nor-NOHA or L-valine, the ethanol action is accompanied by a more significant inhibition of the liver detoxification function and an increase of NO3 – /NO2 – levels in blood plasma. The preliminary injection of an NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester inhibitor of NO-synthase into the animal’s body weakensthe toxic ethanol effect on the liver, as well asthe development of characteristic changes in the liver arginase activity, in the processes of detoxification and lipid peroxidation in rats with chronic ethanol intoxication. Apparently, the activity of liver arginase and L-arginine-NO system determines the severity of detoxification, lipid peroxidation processes and the formation of the thyroid status in the conditions of chronic alcoholization, which is important in the ethanol intoxication pathogenesis.
Evaluation of air cleaning technologies existing in the Danish market: Experiments in a duct and in a test room

Five portable air cleaning technologies including one new technology were evaluated to find their effectiveness in removing ultrafine particles. Measurements were carried out both in a duct and in a test room. The results showed that the technologies that use/create ozone to clean air can increase the ozone level significantly in the room. Moreover, they can cause generation of ultrafine particles and consequently increase ultrafine particle concentration in the room. The study suggests using a mechanical filter with low pressure drop as a recommended air cleaning technology in order to remove ultrafine particles efficiently from the indoor environment.
Electric arc localization based on antenna arrays and MUSIC direction of arrival estimation

This paper presents an application of antenna arrays and MUSIC algorithm for estimating the location of an electric arc source. The proposed technique can be used to localize arc faults in photovoltaic arrays and their associated transformation stations. The technique was implemented and tested in the laboratory. For this purpose, an experimental setup consisting of 4 antennas, a digital storage oscilloscope with computer connectivity and a PC (Personal Computer) for data processing was built. The results proved that the proposed method is able to estimate the direction of the electric arc source with reasonable accuracy.
Automatic Detection and Classification of Human Knee Osteoarthritis Using Convolutional Neural Networks

: Knee Osteoarthritis (KOA) is a degenerative knee joint disease caused by ‘wear and tear’ of ligaments between the femur and tibial bones. Clinically, KOA is classified into four grades ranging from 1 to 4 based on the degradation of the ligament in between these two bones and causes suffering from impaired movement. Identifying this space between bones through the anterior view of a knee X-ray image is solely subjective and challenging. Automatic classification of this process helps in the selection of suitable treatment processes and customized knee implants. In this research, a new automatic classification of KOA images based on unsupervised local center of mass (LCM) segmentation method and deep Siamese Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is presented. First-order statistics and the GLCM matrix are used to extract KOA anatomical Features from segmented images. The network is trained on our clinical data with 75 iterations with automaticweight updates to improve its validation accuracy. The assessment performed on the LCM segmented KOA images shows that our network can efficiently detect knee osteoarthritis, achieving about 93.2% accuracy along with multi-class classification accuracy of 72.01% and quadratic weighted Kappa of 0.86.
SISTEM IDENTIFIKASI SCAN IRIS MATA MENGGUNAKAN METODE JST PROPAGASI BALIK UNTUK APLIKASI SISTEM PENGAMANAN BRANKAS

Sistem scanning iris merupakan pengembangan dari sistem biometrik, dimana sistem ini menggunakan anggota tubuh manusia untuk diidentifikasi sebagai ciri unik manusia. Iris sendiri memiliki ciri yang dapat bertahan lama hingga seumur hidup sama halnya dengan DNA pada tubuh manusia dan sidik jari manusia. Pada proyek akhir ini dibuat suatu sistem untuk identifikasi pola iris mata seseorang yang keluaran dari sistem ini digunakan untuk pengamanan brankas. Proses yang dilakukan meliputi pengambilan citra secara video capture, kemudian citra dikonversi dari skala RGB ke grayscale. Setelah itu citra diproses melalui preprocessing image dan dilakukan deteksi pupil dan iris, lalu disegmentasi agar dapat diambil area irisnya saja. Kemudian citra dibagi menjadi 64 area untuk menyederhanakan pemrosesannya. Tahap terakhir adalah identifikasi dengan metode NN, tetapi sebelumnya sistem dilatih untuk mengenali referensinya dengan merubah nilai epoch, laju belajar, dan toleransi error hingga dihasilkan output yang sesuai dengan nilai referensi yang sudah ditentukan. Sistem dapat bekerja optimal pada range : learning rate (laju belajar) sebesar 15, jangkauan epoch (looping) sebanyak 100000 kali dengan toleransi error 0,001 dan momentum 0,1. Tingkat keberhasilan sistem dalam mengenali user adalah 80,1%. Kata kunci : Iris, identifikasi, neural network, biometrik
L1 adaptive pitch control of an autonomous underwater vehicle

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to show the application of an L1 adaptive controller to control an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV), considering realistic perturbations. Design/methodology/approach – In this paper, an L1 adaptive controller is proposed to control the pitch channel of an AUV, for the first time. Based on a six degree of freedom (6-DOF) nonlinear equations, an appropriate linear model considering real perturbations is derived for the pitch channel of AUV. Then L1 adaptive controller is applied on the model in the presence of the bounded disturbances and uncertainties. For this purpose, verified parameters of the REMUS AUV have been considered. Several simulations are performed in different operating conditions. Findings – The results confirm the quality of the proposed method in various situations. Furthermore, it is shown that the L1 adaptive controller is potential to contribute in practical applications of AUVs such as other autonomous systems. Originality/value – This is the f.