Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hydrothermal alteration processes at mid-ocean ridges; constraints from diabase alteration experiments, hot spring fluids and composition of the oceanic crust

Results of diabase alteration experiments at elevatd temperatures and pressures have been combined with theoretical calculations to define the metasomatic processes reflected by the chemistry of hot-spring fluids and the chemistry and mineralogy of metabasalts dredged from midocean ridges and observed in ophiolite outcrops on land. These data demonstrate that Mg-, Caand Na-fixation reactions are affected differently by different alteration conditions, and thus it is likely that each dominates a specific region within the submarine geothermal system. Mg fixation characterizes the downwelling limbs ofsubseafloor convection cells, whereas Ca and Na fixation are related more fundamentally to hydrothermal upflow zones, Ca at depth and Na nearer the surface. Ca removal from solution and attendant H * production are enhanced greatly by decompression effects, which contribute as well to oxidation and stabilization of epidote relative to other calcic alteration phases. Epidote-rich rocks (epidosites) observed at the base of sheeted intrusive complexes of numerous ophiolites likely represent he effects of Ca fixation, decompression, and oxidation within deep-seated, permeable upflow zones. The local, integrated, fluid/rock mass ratio of epidosite reaction zones may be as high as 1000. Experimental models of ridge-crest hydrothermal processes suggest hat epidote and plagioclase solid solutions control the chemistry and pH of hot-spring fluids. Temperatures and pressures of approximately 385-400oC and 300-4@ bars characterize the reaction zone of fluids discharging from black-smoker vents at 2l oN, East Pacific Rise. Reaction-zone conditions (? iP) can be estimated for virtually all hot-spring fluids provided that salinity effects and retrograde processes caused by conductive cooling and/or subseafloor mixing are unambiguously accounted for.
Respiratory syncytial virus: current and emerging treatment options

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an important respiratory pathogen in infants and children worldwide. Although RSV typically causes mild upper respiratory infections, it frequently causes severe morbidity and mortality, especially in premature infants and children with other chronic diseases. Treatment of RSV is limited by a lack of effective antiviral treatments; however, ribavirin has been used in complicated cases, along with the addition of intravenous immune globulin in specific patients. Vaccination strategies for RSV prevention are heavily studied, but only palivizumab (Synagis®) has been approved for use in the United States in very select patient populations. Research is ongoing in developing additional vaccines, along with alternative therapies that may help prevent or decrease the severity of RSV infections in infants and children. To date, we have not seen a decrement in RSV morbidity and mortality with our current options; therefore, there is a clear need for novel RSV preventative and therapeutic strategies. In this review, we discuss the current and evolving trends in RSV treatment for infants and children.
DNA-level diversity and relatedness of Helicobacter pylori strains DNA-level diversity and relatedness of Helicobacter pylori strains in shantytown families in peru and transmission in a developing-in shantytown families in peru and transmission in a developing-country setting country setting

The efﬁciency of transmission of a pathogen within families compared with that between unrelated persons can affect both the strategies needed to control or eradicate infection and how the pathogen evolves. In industrialized countries, most cases of transmission of the gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori seems to be from mother to child. An alternative model, potentially applicable among the very poor in developing countries, where infection is more common and the sanitary infrastructure is often deﬁcient, invokes frequent transmission among unrelated persons, often via environmental sources. In the present study, we compared the genotypes of H. pylori from members of shantytown households in Peru to better understand the transmission of H. pylori in developing-country settings. H. pylori cultures and/or DNAs were obtained with informed consent by the string test (a minimally invasive alternative to endoscopy) from at least one child and one parent from each of 62 families. The random ampliﬁed polymorphic DNA ﬁngerprints of 57 of 81 (70%) child-mother strain pairs did not match, nor did the diagnostic gene sequences (>1% DNA sequence difference), independent of the child’s age (range, 1 to 39 years). Most strains from siblings or other paired family members were also unrelated. These results suggest that H. pylori infections are often community acquired in the society studied. Transmission between unrelated persons should facilitate the formation of novel recombinant genotypes by interstrain DNA transfer and selection for genotypes that are well suited for individual hosts. It also implies that the effective prevention of H. pylori infection and associated gastroduodenal disease will require anti-H. pylori measures to be applied communitywide
See the Cake and Have it Too? Investigating the Effect of Watching a Cooking Show on Unhealthy Food Choices

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Ethanol and Isopropyl Alcohol Exposure Increases Biofilm Ethanol and Isopropyl Alcohol Exposure Increases Biofilm Formation in Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus Formation in Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis epidermidis

Introduction : Alcohols, including ethanol and isopropyl alcohol, are used in clinical practice for disinfection and infection prevention. Recent studies, however, demonstrate that alcohols may enhance bioﬁlm production in Staphylococci . Methods : We quantiﬁed bioﬁlm formation in the presence of ethanol and isopropyl alcohol in six different, well-characterized strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus . After 24 h of bioﬁlm development, each strain was exposed to normal saline (NS), ethanol, or isopropyl alcohol (40%, 60%, 80% and 95%) for additional 24 h incubation. Adherent bioﬁlms were stained and optical density was determined. Viability of strains was also determined after alcohol exposure. Results : Ethanol increased bioﬁlm formation in all six strains compared to normal saline ( p \ 0.05). There was increased bioﬁlm formation with increasing ethanol concentration. Isopropyl alcohol also increased bioﬁlm formation with increasing alcohol concentration in all six strains ( p \ 0.01 vs NS). The slime-negative, chemical mutant strain of S. epidermidis increased bioﬁlm formation after exposure to both alcohols, likely reverting back its primary phenotype through modulation of the intercellular adhesin repressor. All strains demonstrated viability after exposure to each alcohol concentration, though viability was decreased. Conclusion : Ethanol and isopropyl alcohol exposure increases bioﬁlm formation of S. aureus and S. epidermidis at concentrations
La pertinence informationnelle additionnelle des normes comptables internationales: comparaison entre les principaux marchés européens

The establishment of IFRS led to a new philosophy of estimation and recovery of business performance in European markets. Our objective through this paper is to measure the impact and the degree of additional value relevance due to the adoption of IFRS in 2005. The results of empirical tests indicate different degrees of relevance depending on the additional financial market studied. For example, this relevance is estimated at 26.44% for Italy and - 74.95% for Great Britain.
Cryospheric Climatology: Emerging Branch of Cryospheric Cryospheric Climatology: Emerging Branch of Cryospheric Science Science

Abstract Since the 1980s, the establishment and development of modern climate system theory have promoted the cross integration of cryospheric science and climatology, thus giving birth to a new branch of cryospheric science-cryospheric climatology. The formation and evolution of cryosphere are closely related to the earth's climate. Now it is generally recognized that cryosphere is not only the product of climate under certain conditions, but also its changes affect the weather and climate, and affect the social economy and sustainable development of human beings. Cryospheric climatology is a science that studies the interaction between cryosphere and atmosphere and its physical mechanism. Starting from the introduction of the development history of cryospheric climatology, this paper systematically explains its basic concepts and subject characteristics. Cryospheric climatology focuses on the role of cryosphere in the formation and anomaly of weather, climate, and general atmospheric circulations, the process and mechanism of interaction between cryosphere and atmosphere, the development of climate system model and cryosphere models, the projection of change in climate and cryosphere, and the service function of cryospheric climatology to social economy. We will continue to deepen the understanding of interaction process and mechanism between the cryosphere and the atmosphere, and promote the development of parameterization schemes for the processes of terrestrial cryosphere, marine cryosphere, and atmospheric cryosphere towards refinement, quantification, and complexity. In particular, we will focus on considering the spatial-temporal scales of nonlinear effects among different components and elements of the cryosphere. The development of global and regional climate system model coupled with cryosphere processes is the future trend of cryospheric climatology.
Design consideration and recent developments in flexible, transparent and wearable antenna technology: A review

The wearable technology and flexible electronics have been convoluted in modern technologies and many of applications especially insensors, biomedical, displays, solar panels, glasses, smart cities, integrated circuits, and wireless body area network (WBAN). They offer capability of mechanical deformation conditions mainly stretchable, bendable, foldable features and capable to severe environmental conditions. Nowadays, a device having lightweight, low‐profile, compact in size and flexible deployment on the system platforms is preferred. With the flexibility in the design of the antenna, they require flexible, robust, easy to wear, visually imperceptible, unobtrusiveness, and planar material for the realization. The characteristics of the wearable antenna may vary according to the material conductivity and their optical transparency, substrate selection and their thickness along with permittivity opted for and mechanical deformation behavior. Generally, the textile material is utilized to design the flexible wearable antenna due to material flexibility which can minimize the losses and enhance the antenna performance. Conversely, the visually imperceptible and flexible material is utilized to design transparent wearable antenna due to appropriate trade‐off between conductivity and optical transparency of the materials. For diverse WBAN applications, the flexible, transparent, and wearable antennas are utilized. This paper elaborates the comprehensive review and the state‐of‐the‐art research on the diverse categories of the wearable antennas based on the substrate characteristics such as flexibility and transparency. In addition, it provides the broad investigation of the flexible and transparent materials utilized to design wearable antennas and different tissue layers with their dielectric properties to develop the human multilayer phantom model.
Virtual Try-On Methods: A Comprehensive Research and Analysis

Image-based virtual try-on, as a challenging and practical real-world task, is one of the interesting research topics in recent years. Virtual try-on will become a common way to buy fashion products in the future, however, with the development in recent years, relevant review articles are not sufficient. Therefore, this paper aims to systematically introduce the development trend and current advanced algorithms in the field of virtual try-on. This paper briefly introduces various research directions in this field at present, and gives a certain degree of analysis, including 3D virtual try-on and 2D virtual try-on. Among them, this paper uses more space to describe 2D virtual try-on as it’s the mainstream direction. In conclusion, this article culminates with a comprehensive summary and projection of the complete text. The intent is to elucidate the contemporary advancements in this domain and provide a more comprehensive depiction of the potential future trajectory of development.
Real-world efficacy and problems of once-daily use of inhaled steroid (fluticasone furoate) combined with long-acting beta-2 agonist (vilanterol) in Japanese patients with asthma

Abstract Objective: The Japanese drug use system allowed the “once-daily use” of inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) fluticasone furoate (FF) combined with a long acting beta-2 agonist (LABA) vilanterol (VI) against asthma for the first time in 2013. Until then, patients with asthma had to use ICS at least twice-daily. We investigated the real-world efficacy and problems of this drug (FF/VI). Methods: This was an open-label, uncontrolled, within-group time-series (before-after) design. Prior treatments of asthma (twice-daily use of ICS with or without LABA) were switched to once-daily use of FF/VI (200 μg/25 μg). Subjects were evaluated by lung function tests prior to, and 2–3 months after, the initiation of FF/VI. Questions on the asthma control test (ACT) and preference of drugs were asked to patients. Results: One hundred and twenty-eight Japanese asthma outpatients were enrolled from 2014–2018 and 107 subjects completed the study. Peak flow, instantaneous flow at 75% of the forced vital capacity (V75), V50, maximum mid-expiratory flow rate, forced expiratory volume in 1 s, and ACT score in FF/VI-using subjects were significantly increased (all p < 0.01). The percent predicted vital capacity and the inspiratory reserve volume were also increased significantly (all 0.01 < p < 0.05). Ninety-three percent of subjects declared they wanted to continue FF/VI in the future. Adverse effects including hoarseness and/or uncomfortable sensations in the throat were increased (16%). Conclusions: Once-daily use of FF/VI is a potent and effective treatment. Its effect was marked on larger airways and yielded a greater satisfaction in patients despite a higher incidence of local steroid effects.
The image inpainting algorithm based on pruning samples by referring to four-domains

ABSTRACT In order to retrieve large scale damaged image with rich geometry structure and texture information, the novel image inpainting algorithm based on the neighbourhood reference priority can not only maintain image character but also improve image inpainting speed has been proposed in the paper. The problems of an image inpainting process can be translated into the best sample searching process. First, the extracting structure information of image and the dividing sample region into sub-regions server. Second, in order to adjust the neglect of structure of matching method named SSD, introducing structure symmetry matching constraint into matching method, it avoids matching mistakenly and improves sample matching precision and searching efficiency. Then, improving priority equations by bringing in structure weight and confidence, highlighted the effect of structure to inpainting sequence. Finally, computing priority of four-domains neighbour by computation overlapping information between object patch and sample patch, so that referring to secure information of four-domains neighbour, to prune sample dataset and search optimal sample. The experimental results have demonstrated that the proposed algorithm can overcome problems like texture blurring and structure dislocations and so on, the PSNR of the improved algorithm has been increased by 0.5–1 dB comparing other contrast methods while speeding up the image inpainting process, recovered image is much continuous for visuality. Meanwhile, it can recover efficiently common damage images and be more pervasive.
Envío dirigido de drogas y genes en biomedicina

Los sistemas de envío dirigido de drogas y genes se definen como los mecanismos para introducir agentes terapéuticos en el cuerpo; en los últimos años se ha puesto mucha atención en el diseño de estos sistemas, con la finalidad de poder controlar dosis, que la entrega sea específica y, además, dirigida en el sitio deseado sin afectar o dañar órganos y tejidos sanos. Para ello se han propuesto y analizado minuciosamente varios métodos, algunos de éstos son: partículas virales, liposomas, nanoacarreadores poliméricos y nanopartículas magnéticas.
Nutrient Distribution and Bioavailability in a Tropical Microtidal Estuary, Southwest India

ABSTRACT Renjith, K.R. ; Joseph, M.M. ; Ratheesh Kumar, C.S. ; Manju, M.N. , and Chandramohanakumar, N. , 2016. Nutrient distribution and bioavailability in a tropical microtidal estuary, southwest India. This study estimates the spatial and seasonal variations of phosphorus and nitrogen fractions in the surface sediments of Cochin Estuary to assess their bioavailability and the factors governing biogeochemical distribution. Seasonal variations of the dissolved nutrients suggest that phosphorous buffering activity is very high in the estuary, and there could be a nitrogen limitation in the absence of any external input. Iron-bound and calcium-bound inorganic fractions were the major forms of sedimentary phosphorus in the central estuary. Upstream regions were characterised by higher proportions of organic phosphorus, mainly as alkali-soluble fractions. Bioavailable fractions ranged from 2.61% to 90.43% of total phosphorus and show a significant increase during the lean pre-monsoon period. This increase, which was not attributed to total phosphorus, could play a major role in negating any possible phosphorus limitation. The bioavailable nitrogen fractions varied from 1.57% to 23.89% of total nitrogen and were much lower when compared with phosphorus. Despite the concomitant increase in the water column as well as sedimentary nitrogen during the post-monsoon season, the seasonal variation was not reflected in the sedimentary bioavailable nitrogen percentage, as the increase was confined only to urea, which was found at negligible levels during the other seasons. The study showed that physical characteristics of the substratum play a major role in the geochemical distribution of nutrients, along with organic matter diagenesis. Higher heterotrophic activities fuelled by the allochthonous input of organic matter resulted in relatively lower retention of nitrogen in the sediments of Cochin Estuary.
Media Influence on Opinion about Man-Made Global Warming as Moderated by Individual Ecological Orientation and Personal Experience

The purpose of the study was to assess the opinions of two equal groups of QUALTRICS panelists, one having lived through a CAT 5 storm and the other not, on their respective beliefs about the effect man-made global warming has had on increasing the intensity of major weather events. The authors identified individuals in each group based on individual eco-orientation. The author then tested for opinion differences based on three factors related to eco-orientation as well as the role played by the media on influencing opinions related to man’s impact on increasing storm intensity
Electrochemical Sensing of Vitamin D3: A Comparative Use of Glassy Carbon and Unmodified Screen-Printed Carbon Electrodes

This work presents the electrochemical determination of cholecalciferol (Vitamin D3) in water-organic mixtures using a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) and commercial screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs). The electrocatalytic behavior of Vitamin D3 on the surface of the working electrode produced a well-defined oxidation peak at +0.95 V (vs. Ag|AgCl, 3.0 mol L−1) and +0.7 V (vs. Ag-SPCE pseudo-reference electrode) for the GCE and SPCE, respectively, in 0.1 M LiClO4 prepared in 50% ethanol. The nature of the organic solvent needed for the solubilization of Vitamin D3 was evaluated, together with the concentration of the supporting electrolyte, the ratio of the water-organic mixture, the voltametric parameters for the cyclic voltammetry (CV), and square-wave voltammetry (SWV) analyses. Under the optimized conditions, a linear correlation between the anodic peak current and the concentration of Vitamin D3 was obtained over the range of 0.47 to 123 µmol L−1 and 59.4 to 1651 µmol L−1 for the GCE and SPCE, respectively. The determined limits of detection (LOD) were 0.17 (GCE) and 19.4 µmol L−1 (SPCE). The methodology was successfully applied to commercial supplement tablets of Vitamin D3. Additionally, this work shows the possibility of using non-modified GCE and SPCE for routine analysis of Vitamin D3.
A Voltage Injection-Based Current Harmonics Suppression Strategy for Six-Phase PMSM With Nonsinusoidal Back EMF

This article presents a voltage injection-based current harmonic minimization method for wide bandgap device-based six-phase permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) drives. The presence of low-order harmonics is common in the back EMF of PMSMs with low slot and high pole numbers. The back EMF harmonics generate low-order harmonic currents that increase torque ripples. Furthermore, zero-sequence current (ZSC) is also observed if all six phases are connected to a common neutral point. ZSC does not affect the torque ripple but reduces the system efficiency. A special technique is required to reduce ZSC for variable speed drives as direct ac component to synchronous reference frame (SRF) dc transformation is not possible for ZSC. In this article, a voltage injection-based current harmonics reduction method is proposed. The injected harmonic voltage coefficients are calculated from the harmonic estimations of back EMF and updated using closed-loop harmonic compensators to improve steady-state performance. For ZSC reduction, third harmonics power controller, and for $6n\pm 1$ (n = 1, 2,.) order harmonic current reduction, SRF current controllers are presented in this article. The current harmonics minimization method is experimentally verified using a GaN-based three-level active neutral point clamped inverter-driven six-phase PMSM.
Impact of Mass Redistribution on Regional Sea Level Changes Over the South China Sea Shelves

This study investigates long‐term sea level changes in the South China Sea (SCS) using a validated high‐resolution regional ocean model simulation for the Maritime Continent. The contributions of ocean mass redistribution and steric sea level are examined to understand the sea level variations. The ocean bottom pressure (OBP) serves as an indicator of sea level variations linked to alterations in ocean mass flux. The OBP accounts for over 80% of the total sea level change over the shelves, while the steric sea level emerges as the dominant factor, contributing over 50% to the sea level change in the deep SCS. Luzon Strait transport shows a weakening trend in the last six decades, resulting in higher heat accumulation and larger steric expansion in the deep SCS. The ocean mass redistribution acts as a mechanism to balance the contrasting steric induced sea level changes over the deep SCS and shallow continental shelves.