Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Improving Robustness and Uncertainty Modelling in Neural Ordinary Differential Equations

Deep learning models such as Resnets have resulted in state-of-the-art accuracy in many computer vision problems. Neural ordinary differential equations (NODE) provides a continuous depth generalization of Resnets and overcome drawbacks of Resnet such as model selection and parameter complexity. Though NODE is more robust than Resnet, we find that NODE based architectures are still far away from providing robustness and uncertainty handling required for many computer vision problems. We propose novel NODE models which address these drawbacks. In particular, we propose Gaussian processes (GPs) to model the fully connected neural networks in NODE (NODE-GP) to improve robustness and uncertainty handling capabilities of NODE. The proposed model is flexible to accommodate different NODE architectures, and further improves the model selection capabilities in NODEs. We also find that numerical techniques play an important role in modelling NODE robustness, and propose to use different numerical techniques to improve NODE robustness. We demonstrate the superior robustness and uncertainty handling capabilities of proposed models on adversarial attacks and out-of-distribution experiments for the image classification tasks.
Analyzing Representations through Interventions

Learning efﬁcient and compact representations is crucial for various problems in artiﬁcial intelligence. Designing evaluation procedures that are independent from the task at hand is one of the key challenges of this area of research. Inspired by the theory of causal reasoning, we consider interventions for analysing data representation. Speciﬁcally, we leverage them to introduce Inter-ventional Score for measuring disentanglement of the latent representations.
In Figure 3, we show the performance of a modified transformer model in a sequence-to-sequence

8-bit binary numbers are used in all tasks except the multiplication task, where 12-bit binary numbers are used. For sorting, we found it sufficient to use bitwise embeddings of dimension d = 16. For more difficult tasks like addition and multiplication, we found it necessary to increase the dimension to d = 24 and d = 28, respectively. We used no positional encoding for the sorting tasks, and single-headed attention for all tasks. The remaining NEE hyperparameters, aside from the changes described next, were set to their defaults.
NIV sırasında Uzun Süreli Deksmedetomidin Kullanımının Yaşa Bağlı Hemodinamik Etkileri

Objective: Sedation in the intensive care unit plays a key role in patient management as it helps suppress agitation, increases tolerance to stress, and facilitates medical interventions, such as noninvasive ventilation (NIV) Our purpose was to determine the long-term hemodynamic effects of dexmedetomidine in elderly patients with acute respiratory failure who require NIV. Methods: We recorded the data concerning age, comorbidities, doses of dexmedetomidine, hemodynamic parameters, use of vasopressors and length of ICU stay, from the hospital electronic medical recor system Due to the possibility of causing hemodynamic instability in ICU, patients with reduced ventricular contractility, hypothermia, septic shock, endocrine pathologies and neurosurgery cases, were excluded from the study. Results: The patients were evaluated in four age groups: Group I: 18-39 years; Group II, 40-64 years; Group III, 65-80 years, and Group IV, aged >80 years The patients in group IV were found to be at a higher risk for a decrease in MAP following onset of dexmedetomidine treatment (p=0.005*). Notably, most of the vasoactive agents were used in patients over 85 years old (54.2%, p=0.005). With increasing age hypotension and vasopressor needs were found to exhibit a corresponding augmentation. Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine meets requirements for sedation during NIV in the ICU. Even without loading dose the drug can induce hemodynamic instability, therefore close monitoring is necessary. In elderly, dexmedetomidine should be started at the lowest possible dose and slowly titrated according to the patient’s response.
Análisis de la producción de biomasa de Nostoc muscorum en sistema hidropónico Analysis of Nostoc muscorum biomass production in a hydroponic system Análise da produção de biomassa de Nostoc muscorum num sistema hidropônico

Nostoc es un género de cianobacterias filamentosas con aplicaciones biotecnológicas en nutrición humana, biomedicina, biofertilización y producción comercial de biocombustibles. Sin embargo, su baja tasa de crecimiento en medio líquido por su naturaleza perifítica y su tendencia a formar biofilms, limita su producción a gran escala. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la producción de biomasa de Nostoc muscorum en un sistema hidropónico modificado. Para ello, se realizaron cultivos de N. muscorum por triplicado, en un sistema hidropónico bajo condiciones semicontroladas de temperatura (29 ± 13°C), intensidad lumínica (32 ± 54 μmol/m2/s) y fotoperiodo (12 horas), durante 23 días en un invernadero. La temperatura, el pH, la conductividad eléctrica y la producción de biomasa seca, fueron monitoreados en días alternados. Los resultados arrojaron que la producción máxima de biomasa seca fue de 0.2276 ± 0.0114 g/m2/día, y la productividad promedio fue de 0.4149 ± 0.0207 g/m2/día. A su vez, la producción máxima de biomasa de N. muscorum se obtuvo el día trece con 0.3185 ± 0.0159 g/m2/día. El análisis estadístico de correlación de variables ambientales no arrojó diferencias significativas, por lo que la temperatura, el pH y la conductividad eléctrica no afectaron la producción de biomasa de N. muscorum. Consecuentemente, el crecimiento algal fue influenciado por la fisiología de la especie. El soporte empleado en el sistema hidropónico permitió la adherencia y el desarrollo de la capa mucilaginosa de la cianobacteria sin requerir períodos de desecación como en los cultivos convencionales. El sistema hidropónico proporcionó un flujo continuo de nutrientes que podría prevenir el ataque de bacterias y hongos oportunistas, generando una alta tasa de crecimiento. De este modo, este sistema hidropónico representa una alternativa viable para la producción de biomasa de N. muscorum en condiciones de invernadero a gran escala.
Drop It In Like It's Hot: An Analysis of Persistent Memory as a Drop-in Replacement for NVMe SSDs

Solid-state drives (SSDs) have improved database system performance significantly due to the higher bandwidth that they provide over traditional hard disk drives. Persistent memory (PMem) is a new storage technology that offers DRAM-like speed at SSD-like capacity. Due to its byte-addressability, research has mainly treated PMem as a replacement of, or an addition to DRAM, e.g., by proposing highly-optimized, DRAM-PMem-hybrid data structures and system designs. However, PMem can also be used via a regular file system interface and standard Linux I/O operations. In this paper, we analyze PMem as a drop-in replacement for Non-Volatile Memory Express (NVMe) SSDs and evaluate possible performance gains while requiring no or only minor changes to existing applications. This drop-in approach speeds-up database systems like Postgres, without requiring any code changes. We systematically evaluate PMem and NVMe SSDs in three database microbenchmarks and the widely used TPC-H benchmark on Postgres. Our experiments show that PMem outperforms a RAID of four NVMe SSDs in read-intensive OLAP workloads by up to 4x without any modifications while achieving similar performance in write-intensive workloads. Finally, we give four practical insights to aid decision-making on when to use PMem as an SSD drop-in replacement and how to optimize for it.
A Brief Review of Approaches to Design Novelty Assessment

This paper questions the assumption in design creativity research that we know how to calculate a meaningful score for the novelty of a design. This paper looks at the basics of novelty calculation, and reviews a variety of approaches, attempting to provide a rough categorization of them. Novelty is a key ingredient in the evaluation of the creativity of a product. Each ingredient of any assessment of creativity needs to be calculated as carefully and accurately as possible, so novelty assessment is very important.
Supplementary Material for Biologically Inspired Mechanisms for Adversarial Robustness

We conducted a set of preliminary experiments on ImageNet10 with training images (not test images) trimmed to bounding boxes. Results from these preliminary experiments were not reported in the paper but we report the results here in the supplementary materials. The standard bounding boxes were used as provided with the ImageNet dataset. If images had 0 bounding boxes, they were discarded for this dataset. If images had 1 bounding box, they were trimmed to the bounding box before the standard central 320x320 crop described above was performed. If images had more than 1 bounding box, we only kept the first bounding box.
Basic design techniques to achieve lateral reflections in concert halls

Following the proposal in 1967 that early lateral reflections were desirable for listening to music, Marshall soon realised the virtue of reverse-splay plans for blocks of seating, and the corresponding disadvantage of a fan-shape plan. However relying solely on seating blocks with reverse-splay plans has practical problems, particularly where vertical reflective surfaces are ‘generated’ by raising some individual seating blocks. This difficulty is particularly evident for a music-in-the-round hall. The thesis of this paper is a simple one: that one can not only exploit the 3rd dimension with walls that separate seating blocks but also use overhead reflectors to supply lateral reflections to seating between reverse-splay seating blocks. The discussion will be illustrated by examples of actual concert halls, whose design either promotes early lateral reflections or does not. The classical rectangular hall is of course intermediate between the fan-shape and reverse-splay plan, with the added option of exploiting 2nd order cue-ball reflections off the side walls and balcony soffits. A more complex solution with the goal of providing lateral reflections is to be found in the Philharmonie de Paris of 2015.
Post pandemic education: Distance education to artificial intelligence based education

The concept of distance education has become even more substantial in the days when humanity is having difficult times with pandemic. Besides, there is an idea that education will have transformed when the life after pandemic starts. Aim of this research is to discuss artificial intelligence-supported or artificial intelligence-based education, which is a type of distance education and to contribute to people’s manifesting different perspectives on education, which has differentiated under emergency cases such as pandemics or natural disasters and in technological advances as well. To reveal methods that can contribute to increase efficiency of distance education is aimed within the scope of the research. Whether the human education may be left to machines or not, and what kind of situations will be encountered if such a system is used is discussed within the scope of the research. Results indicate that artificial intelligence-based education should be discussed in depth by stakeholders in all areas and should be arranged for the benefit of human beings.
INJECTIVE DIMENSIONS OF LOCAL COHOMOLOGY MODULES

Assume that R is a commutative Noetherian ring with nonzero identity, a is an ideal of R, X is an R–module, and t is a non-negative integer. In this paper, we present upper bounds for the injective dimension of X in terms of the injective dimensions of its local cohomology modules and an upper bound for the injective dimension of Hta(X) in terms of the injective dimensions of the modules Hia(X), i 6= t, and that of X. As a consequence, we observe that R is Gorenstein whenever Hia(R) is of finite injective dimension for all i.
A Single-Centre Experience: Cardiovascular Autonomic Dysfunction in Patients on Long-Term Dialysis

Cardiovascular dysautonomy is a disturbance of the sympathico-vagal balance in the control of the cardiovascular system. The primary objective of this study was to describe the autonomic profile of chronic hemodialysis patients (CHD). This is a cross-sectional observational study, including 22 patients from the hemodialysis (HD) center of the Ibn Sina University Hospital in Rabat. We observed the different cardiac and nephrological characteristics of the patients; Carried out a study of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) by non-invasive methods and established the autonomic profile of the patients. Dysregulation of the cardiovascular autonomic nervous system was found in 72.7% of patients; Vagal disability was the most pronounced autonomic disorder in 63.6%, followed by central (54.6%) and peripheral (50.0%) sympathetic hyperactivity. In multivariate analysis, only the female sex (p = 0.042) was an independent risk factor for vagal disability; On the other hand, the HD quality was a protective factor (r: -0.56, p =0,021). Intradialysis hypotension and hypertension appear to be respectively related to decreased baroreceptor sensitivity and sympathetic alpha hyperactivity. The underlying mechanisms of this involvement require further studies before treatment strategies can be developed. © 2017 Elixir All rights reserved. Elixir Physio. & Anatomy 106 (2017) 46664-46668 Physiology and Anatomy Available online at www.elixirpublishers. com (Elixir International Journal)
Digitalization possibilities and the potential of the Digital Twin for steam supply systems

Digitalisierung führt zu einer weiteren Revolution industrieller Prozesse und eröffnet völlig neue Anwendungsmöglichkeiten. Die Zukunftsvisionen von Industry4.0 und Energy4.0, wie sie in dieser Arbeit zusammengefasst sind, zeichnen ein Bild beispielloser Vernetzung von Gegenständen und Dienstleistungen im Internet of Things. Sie versprechen einen noch nie dagewesenen Grad an Vernetzung, Flexibilisierung und Automatisierung von Produkten und Systemen, sowie enorme Potenziale zur Senkung von Kosten und Energieverbrauch sowie zur Steigerung der Nachhaltigkeit.
Skills Development Needs of Technical Education Lecturers in use of Technology Facilities and Social Media for Instructional Activities in Nigeria

The study investigated the skill development needs of technical education lecturers in use of technology facilities and social media for instructional activities in Nigeria. The study adopted a descriptive survey design. Four research questions and two hypotheses guided the study. The population for the study comprised 75 technical education lecturers from five tertiary institutions offering programs in the SouthWestern part of Nigeria. A sample of 67 respondents was selected from the five higher institutions for the study. The instrument used for data collection was a structured questionnaire. The instrument was validated by three experts. A reliability coefficient of 0.74 was obtained using Crombach alpha technique for determining the internal consistency of the instrument. Data collected were analyzed using mean and standard deviation for research questions and Analysis of Variance for testing the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The study found among others with average means of 1.67 and 1.71 that technology facilities are moderately available for lecturers’ use and that lecturers are familiar with some social media platforms, respectively. (
Why Aggregate? On the Evolution of Aggregative Multicellularity

Microbes have evolved many fascinating and complex ways of interacting with conspecifics. Perhaps one of the most interesting is aggregative multicellularity, wherein independent cells come together and adhere to one another in order to form a larger entity. The fundamental benefits of active aggregation into multicellular groups generally remain unclear, and there are many open questions about what selective pressures led to the evolution of this behavior in various eukaryotic and prokaryotic taxa, most notably the dictyostelids and the myxobacteria. Aggregative multicellularity can be partitioned into three main phases: coming together, staying together as a group, and disaggregation. Different selective pressures may have led to adaptations unique to each phase. While aggregative microbial systems generally form elevated multicellular structures such as fruiting bodies, these can vary in complexity and morphology even among closely related species. What evolutionary forces shaped such morphological diversification remains unknown. Strains that are not genetically identical can coaggregate, which can impact group-level function either positively through functional synergy or negatively through harmful exploitation. Such chimerism within aggregates is likely to have played important roles in shaping the evolution of microbial multicellularity. Much further research is needed into the evolutionary forces and processes leading to and shaping the many forms of microbial aggregation.
Algorithmic Thinking as One of the Factors Determining the Quality of the Educational Process in the Field of Mathematics, Computer Science and Project Activities

The article studies the formation of an algorithmic culture of students and pupils in learning mathematics, computer science, and project activities. The objective of this work is to study the level of involvement of the algorithmic approach in the educational process with the help of various educational technologies in the study of mathematics, computer science, and the use of project approach in future engineers' training. The introduction discusses the historical aspect of the origin of the terms "computational thinking" and "algorithmic thinking" and their relationship with different types of learning activities in mathematics, computer science, and engineering education. It is further noted that the terms "algorithmic approach" and "algorithmic culture" are used in the context of the usage of the concepts "algorithmic thinking" in solving educational and research tasks. In the main part of the work, the problem of using algorithmic thinking is considered using multiple examples. The authors also analyze the problem of us-ing an algorithmic approach in training future teachers of mathematics and computer science, in basic training of engineers and computer software specialists. In conclusion, the authors suggest that the algorithmic approach and algorithmic thinking are among the fundamental factors that determine the quality of mathematical and computer education. The algorithmic culture of future specialists should be developed and maintained throughout the training process.
mpact of COVID-19 in Food Industries and potential innovations in Food Packaging to combat the pandemic –A review

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic created worldwide havoc by infecting more than 100 million populations all over the world Many industrial sectors were shut by the complete lockdown phase but to the contrary, food sector remained as one of the prime areas to be operational even in this pandemic period The panic and fear of the disease generated various myths and rumors about the effects of the corona virus on raw as well as processed food materials;the associated industries like food processing and packaging severely suffered and faced huge threats due to this pandemic, affecting food safety This article reviews the possible modes of transmission via food and attempts to highlight the innovations in food packaging that may be implemented for the safety and the quality of the food products during this COVID-19 period and future viral pandemics This work details the precautions and safety measures employed in the food industries during this pandemic situation to create awareness and preparedness for such situations of pandemics in the future © 2021 Universidad Nacional de Trujillo All right reserved
Experimental operation of a solar‐driven climate system with thermal energy storages using mixed‐integer nonlinear model predictive control

This work presents the results of experimental operation of a solar‐driven climate system using mixed‐integer nonlinear model predictive control (MPC). The system is installed in a university building and consists of two solar thermal collector fields, an adsorption cooling machine with different operation modes, a stratified hot water storage with multiple inlets and outlets as well as a cold water storage. The system and the applied modeling approach is described and a parallelized algorithm for mixed‐integer nonlinear MPC and a corresponding implementation for the system are presented. Finally, we show and discuss the results of experimental operation of the system and highlight the advantages of the mixed‐integer nonlinear MPC application.
CiNet: Redesigning Deep Neural Networks for Efficient Mobile-Cloud Collaborative Inference

Deep neural networks are increasingly used in end devices such as mobile phones to support novel features, e.g., image classiﬁcation. Traditional paradigms to support mobile deep inference fall into either cloud-based or on-device—both require access to an entire pre-trained model. As such, the eﬃcacy of mobile deep inference is limited by mobile network conditions and computational capacity. Collaborative inference , a means to splitting inference computation between mobile devices and cloud servers, was proposed to address the limitations of traditional inference through techniques such as image compression or model partition. In this paper, we improve the performance of collaborative inference from a complementary direction, i.e., through redesigning deep neural networks to satisfy the collaboration requirement from the outset. Speciﬁcally, we describe the design of a collaboration-aware convolutional neural network, referred to as CiNet , for image classiﬁcation. CiNet consists of a mobile-side extractor submodel that outputs a small yet relevant patch of the image and a cloud-based submodel that classiﬁes on the image patch. Weevaluated the eﬃciency of CiNet in terms of inference accuracy, computational cost and mobile data transmission on three datasets. Our results demonstrate that CiNet achieved comparable inference accuracy while incurring orders of magnitude less computational cost and 99% less transmitted data, when comparing to both traditional and collaborative inference approaches.
THE CAUCHY PROBLEM FOR AN INTEGRABLE GENERALIZED CAMASSA-HOLM EQUATION WITH CUBIC NONLINEARITY

This paper studies the Cauchy problem and blow-up phenomena for a new generalized Camassa-Holm equation with cubic nonlinearity in the nonhomogeneous Besov spaces. First, by means of the LittlewoodPaley decomposition theory, we investigate the local well-posedness of the equation in Bs p,r with s > max{ 1 p , 1 2 , 1 − 1 p }, p, r ∈ [0,∞]. Second, we prove that the equation is locally well-posed in Bs 2,r with the critical index s = 1 2 by virtue of the logarithmic interpolation inequality and the Osgood’s Lemma, and it is shown that the data-to-solution mapping is Hölder continuous. Finally, we derive two kinds of blow-up criteria for the strong solution by using induction and the conservative property of m along the characteristics.