Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The role of Aβ in Alzheimer’s Disease as an Evolutionary Outcome of Optimized Innate Immune Defense

Alzheimer’s Disease is a progressive manifestation of aging associated with accumulated Amyloid β. It remains frustratingly unclear why this protein accumulates and how it contributes to Alzheimer’s Disease pathology. In one recent hypothesis, Amyloid β is suggested to function as an antimicrobial peptide in innate immune defense within the brain, where Amyloid β gains toxicity when it becomes abundant. This essay proposes an evolutionary explanation for why Amyloid β expression is regulated at an optimum based on its function as a defense and how this leads to disease. Among its potential physiological functions, Amyloid β confers benefits to reduce direct pathogen damage while this simultaneously entails cellular cost of defense. Optimal Amyloid β expression occurs when the gain in fitness from an incremental increase is balanced by the marginal cost of this increase. It proposes that natural selection acting upon the young favored systems to maintain Amyloid β at an optimal level through mechanisms that induce the defense and repress its expression. With age, the force of natural selection declines and permits mechanisms of negative feedback repression to degenerate. Consequently, Amyloid β is expressed beyond its optimum. Age also elevates cumulative pathogen exposure, reduces pathogen barriers and reactivates latent pathogens. The net effect is elevated, chronic induction of Amyloid β in the brain. The model recommends attention to innate immune negative regulation in the brain to discover ways to restore these functions toward a youthful state in the elderly.
The Pyxis Interferometer (II): control system, telescope, and mechanical design

The Pyxis interferometer is a ground-based pathfinder for an optical space interferometer being built at Mt Stromlo Observatory. In this second paper, we discuss the system breakdown of the interferometer and its mechanical design. We outline the interferometer’s three robotic platforms, with two telescopic collectors and one central beam combiner. Each collector utilises a full aluminium, diamond-turned telescope, designed to remove thermal distortions for future space applications. We also explain the chosen control system for the interferometer and how it will be used to ensure the linear and angular control requirements, including sub-milli-radian angular control of each robot.
Fullerene Derivatives (CN-[OH]β) and Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Modelled as Transporters for Doxorubicin Drug in Cancer Therapy

Carbon nanomaterials have received increasing attention in drug-delivery applications because of their distinct properties and structures, including large surface areas, high conductivity, low solubility in aqueous media, unique chemical functionalities, and stability at the nano-scale size. Particularly, they have been used as nano-carriers and mediators for anticancer drugs such as Cisplatin, Camptothecin, and Doxorubicin. Cancer has become the most challenging disease because it requires sophisticated therapy, and it is classified as one of the top killers according to the World Health Organization records. The aim of the current work is to study and investigate the mechanism of combination between single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and fullerene derivatives (CN-[OH]β) as mediators, and anticancer agents for photodynamic therapy directly to destroy the infected cells without damaging the normal ones. Here, we obtain a bio-medical model to determine the efficiency of the usefulness of Doxorubicin (DOX) as an antitumor agent conjugated with SWCNTs with variant radii r and fullerene derivative (CN-[OH]β). The two sub-models are obtained mathematically to evaluate the potential energy arising from the DOX–SWCNT and DOX-(CN-[OH]β) interactions. DOX modelled as two-connected spheres, small and large, each interacting with different SWCNTs (variant radii r) and fullerene derivatives CN-[OH]β, formed based on the number of carbon atoms (N) and the number of hydroxide molecules (OH) (β), respectively. Based on our obtained results, we find that the most favorable carbon nanomaterial is the SWCNT (r = 15.27 Å), followed by fullerene derivatives CN-(OH)22, CN-(OH)20, and CN-(OH)24, with minimum energies of −38.27, −33.72, −32.95, and −29.11 kcal/mol.
Utilidad del panel de PCR multiplex en el diagnóstico microbiológico temprano y adecuación antimicrobiana en pacientes críticos con neumonía

1. Ex Residente de Medicina Intensiva, UCI Hospital Maciel, ASSE, Montevideo, Uruguay. 2. Médico Intensivista con funciones de alta dedicación longitudinal, UCI Hospital Maciel, ASSE, Montevideo, Uruguay. Ex Prof. Adj. de la Cátedra de Medicina Intensiva, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República. 3. Especialista en Microbiología. Jefe de Servicio de Laboratorio de Microbiología y Biología Molecular-UDYCI. Hospital Maciel, ASSE. Montevideo, Uruguay. 4. Especialista en Microbiología. Servicio de Laboratorio de Microbiología y Biología Molecular UDYCI. Hospital Maciel. 5. Médico Intensivista con funciones de alta dedicación longitudinal, UCI Hospital Maciel, ASSE, Montevideo, Uruguay. 6. Médico Intensivista. Jefe de la UCI del Hospital Maciel, ASSE. Montevideo, Uruguay. Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos del Hospital Maciel, Administración de los Servicios de Salud del Estado (ASSE), Montevideo, Uruguay. Correspondencia: Dr. Federico Verga. Correo electrónico: vergafederico@gmail.com El Dr. Antonio Galiana fue expositor honorario invitado en Jornadas organizadas por el representante de Biomerieux Uruguay. El resto de los autores declaramos no tener conflicto de interés y no haber recibido ninguna financiación. Recibido: 2/10/21 Aprobado: 24/2/22 Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) Utilidad del panel de PCR multiplex en el diagnóstico microbiológico temprano y adecuación antimicrobiana en pacientes críticos con neumonía
Ultrathin Struts Drug-Eluting Stents: A State-of-the-Art Review

New-generation drug-eluting stents (DESs) represent the standard of care for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Recent iterations in DES technology have led to the development of newer stent platforms with a further reduction in strut thickness. This new DES class, known as ultrathin struts DESs, has struts thinner than 70 µm. The evidence base for these devices consists of observational data, large-scale meta-analyses, and randomized trials with long-term follow-up, which have been conducted to investigate the difference between ultrathin struts DESs and conventional new-generation DESs in a variety of clinical settings and lesion subsets. Ultrathin struts DESs may further improve the efficacy and safety profile of PCI by reducing the risk of target-lesion and target-vessel failures in comparison to new-generation DESs. In this article, we reviewed device characteristics and clinical data of the Orsiro (Biotronik, Bülach, Switzerland), Coroflex ISAR (B. Braun Melsungen, Germany), BioMime (Meril Life Sciences Pvt. Ltd., Gujarat, India), MiStent (MiCell Technologies, USA), and Supraflex (Sahajanand Medical Technologies, Surat, India) sirolimus-eluting stents.
Nanoscale-SiC doping for enhancing Jc and Hc2 in superconducting MgB2

The effect of nanoscale-SiC doping of MgB2 was investigated in comparison with undoped, clean-limit, and Mg-vapor-exposed samples using transport and magnetic measurements. It was found that there are two distinguishable but related mechanisms that control the critical current-density-field Jc(H) behavior: increase of upper critical field Hc2 and improvement of flux pinning. There is a clear correlation between the critical temperature Tc, the resistivity ρ, the residual resistivity ratio RRR=R(300K)∕R(40K), the irreversibility field H*, and the alloying state in the samples. The Hc2 is about the same within the measured field range for both the Mg-vapor-treated and the SiC-doped samples. However, the Jc(H) for the latter is higher than the former in a high-field regime by an order of magnitude. Mg vapor treatment induced intrinsic scattering and contributed to an increase in Hc2. SiC doping, on the other hand, introduced many nanoscale precipitates and disorder at B and Mg sites, provoking an increase of.
The perception of competence in the newsroom: Why stereotypical dress styles violate Title VII

Title VII prohibits sex discrimination in the workplace “because of sex. ” Once on the job, however, courts allow employers to impose trait discrimination policies on employees, including sex stereotypical ones. Based on a survey experiment, we found that sex stereotyped dress styles for women—defined by bright colors, long hair, excessive make-up in contrast to dark suits, ties, and short hair cuts for men—sexualize women, thereby undermining viewers' perception of women's professional competence. A vast social-psychological literature explains “why. ” Specifically, gender is a diffuse status characteristic that generally diminishes the perception of women’s capabilities. Sexualized dress styles augment that effect of gender by diverting viewers' attention from women's job performance to the visual attributes of women as objects. Our study confirms that women’s sexualized dress styles decrease viewers’ perceptions of women’s competence. We contend that this reduction in the perception of women’s competence disproportionately disadvantages members of a protected class, women, and, by so doing, constitutes an “adverse effect”. Notably, Title VII prohibits policies that impose adverse effects. Thus, by integrating legal standards with social psychological scholarship, this study presents a new foundation for the claim many legal scholars have sought to make, namely, why at least some trait discrimination policies violate Title VII.
European Journal of Educational Research

: The delivery of science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) learning to improve an individual’s competence and future career interests has become a critical scientific undertaking for teachers and researchers alike. A plethora of research has proposed various hands-on robotics activities built on constructivist theories, thereby facilitating the development of knowledge based on reality for scientific and non-scientific stakeholders. Robotics may become an essential focus point within technology provision, which is an essential underlying characteristic for the seminal development of computational thinking (CT). However, despite the potential benefit of CT in developing an individual’s problem -solving skills, strategies for improving this ability through hands-on robotics activities largely remain underexplored. This paper highlights the constructs drawn from hands-on robotics activities in a STEM workshop designed for pre-service teacher students. The qualitative research design involved eight participants to investigate the responses of pre-service teachers to a hands-on robotics activity intended to provide STEM material. The research findings emphasise the correlations between the CT principles and STEM learning phases and underscore the roles played by educational robotics to enhance previous literature on learning experience.
Fault-Tolerant Design Process of Spoke-Type IPM Motor Considering Irreversible Demagnetization of PM in Integrated Electric Brake System

In this article, a novel fault-tolerant design process of the spoke-type interior permanent magnet (IPM) motor is proposed to prevent the increase of cogging torque and torque ripple due to partial demagnetization fault and to minimize the motor size. First, unlike other research papers on the irreversible partial irreversible demagnetization of permanent magnet (PM), in this article, the effect of partial irreversible demagnetization faults on the cogging torque and torque ripple for the fault cases is investigated. Then, a novel fault-tolerant design process is proposed to solve the problem of partial demagnetization faults that increase the cogging torque and torque ripple. In the novel fault-tolerant design process, first, to solve the problem of increasing cogging torque and torque ripple due to the partial demagnetization fault, a process for implementing a uniform irreversible PM demagnetization is proposed. Second, to compensate for the motor torque constant decreased by degraded PM, which is caused by irreversible demagnetization of PM, a torque compensation coefficient is also proposed. The proposed fault-tolerant design process is applied to the motor design for the integrated electric brake (IEB) system that requires high torque density. In the optimal design process, Latin hypercube sampling (LHS), a kriging method, and a genetic algorithm are utilized. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed fault-tolerant design process, it is compared with the conventional optimized design results in which irreversible demagnetization of PM is not allowed at all to prevent the partial demagnetization faults. As a result of comparing the optimal design results, the proposed optimization model utilizing the fault-tolerant design process can significantly reduce the motor volume by 12.9%, compared to the conventional optimization model.
Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Parameters and D-Dimer: New Prognostic Parameters for Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma

Objective To investigate the predictive role of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) plus D-dimer levels in the prognosis of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Methods CEUS was applied to assess lymph nodes in 186 patients with confirmed DLBCL. The clinical data and laboratory indicators were collected from these patients, and a retrospective analysis was conducted on the relationship between the quantitative parameters of CEUS (TTP, PI, AUC, WOT), D-dimer levels, and clinical features of the DLBCL patients. The Cox regression model was used for univariate and multivariate analyses for the risk factors associated with the prognosis. Results There was an increase of D-dimer levels in advanced DLBCL patients, who were combined with a significant reduction in TTP and WOT and a significant increase in PI and AUC. D-dimer levels and quantitative parameters of CEUS were strongly correlated with the Ann Arbor, B symptoms, International Prognostic Index (IPI), LDH and CRP levels. The results of the Cox regression model indicated that D-dimer levels, TTP and PI, the quantitative parameters of CEUS, were important prognostic factors for DLBCL. Conclusion CEUS results and D-dimer levels can be used as independent prognostic factors for DLBCL.
Overview of software and file exchange formats in 3D and 4D body shape scanning

3D body scanning is well known in various application areas such as medicine, automotive, sports, clothing, product design and gaming. These models have some limitations in that they are unable to capture dynamic poses that can provide more information about real-time tasks and interactions with a real-life object, machine or environment. As a result, in the literature, to provide a more realistic movement of static shape models, researchers provided an idea of attribute kinematic capturing or "skeletal animation" as Biovision Hierarchy (BVH) file using a wearable inertial mocap system applied to a 3D statistical shape model, obtaining a "moving statistical shape" using exchange format in open source software like Blender. But in this case, the attribution was not a perfect attribution of the real-time capturing of a dynamic 3D body shape in real-time Nowadays, 4D body scanning can perform 4D measurements in real-time of dynamic body shape without using any wearable inertial mocap system that can occlude the scanning surface and represent a comfortable solution without influencing the performance of the user. In addition, 3D and 4D can be used in open and closed source software using specific file exchange formats for modeling and animation or interaction and integration with other devices, e.g., synchronization with pressure mat and force platform. In particular, open-source software represents a more intuitive, fast and inexpensive platform for performing animation, modeling, and file exchange formats in a multidisciplinary approach. Based on the previous assumptions, in this study, we will provide an overview of open and closed source software along with file exchange formats in 3D and 4D body scanning, looking at the advantages and disadvantages of their use in different fields of applications. Future research will focus on studying the interoperability of data interchange formats utilizing 4D scanning technology, with an emphasis on developing and validating a methodology using a universal skeleton capable of representing and rigging a real population capture.
Measuring the Effect of Wireless Sensor Network Communications on Industrial Process Performance | NIST

Real-time sensor data is essential for making decisions in controlling industrial processes. Wireless sensor networks (WSN’s) are becoming more common for industrial processes and condition monitoring. However, wireless communication is subject to interference and thus may affect critical industrial operations. A wireless testbed was developed to study how various wireless sensor network configurations and topologies affect the performance and safety of manufacturing plant operations. A continuous process chemical plant operation was adopted and run in simulation. The chemical process adopted is the Tennessee Eastman Challenge Process with the Lawrence Ricker decentralized controller. The simulated process with sensor output is interfaced to an IEEE 802.15. 4-based wireless sensor network via a programmable logic controller (PLC). This integration of the simulated physical system with a real wireless network allows us to examine the effects of real-time wireless communications in a factory running different wireless activities on simulated plant processes. This paper describes the testbed and presents preliminary results of the study.
ptk2 and mt2a Genes Expression in Gastritis and Gastric Cancer Patients with Helicobacter pylori Infection

Background ptk2 and mt2a genes contribute to the cell cycle during proliferation and apoptosis, respectively. Designing a case-control study including gastric adenocarcinoma and gastritis patients with and without Helicobacter pylori infection would lead to determinate of the correlations between ptk2 and mt2a genes expression with H. pylori infection in gastric antral epithelial cells. Methods Overall, 50 and 30 gastric antral biopsy samples of gastric cancer (case group) and gastritis (control group) patients were included into study, respectively. All biopsy samples were collected considering the exclusion criteria including patients with a history of consumption of tobacco, alcohol, and anti-H. pylori drugs. Each patient group is divided into with and without H. pylori infection to detect cDNA fold changes of ptk2 and mt2a genes by using Real Time RT PCR. Furthermore, the presence of H. pylori virulence genes was detected directly by using specific primers and simple PCR on cDNA synthesized from total RNA of gastric antral biopsy samples. Results A negative correlation was revealed between age and clinical manifestations with the ΔCt value of the ptk2 gene (P < 0.05). The H. pylori iceA1/2 and cagE genes revealed positive and negative correlations with the ΔCt value of the ptk2 gene (P < 0.05), respectively. Furthermore, a weak correlation was detectable between H. pylori babA2/B, oipA, and cagY genes and the ΔCt value of the mt2a gene in gastric antral epithelial cells of patients (P < 0.1). Conclusions The results of the current study opened a view for more investigation on the stunning roles of H. pylori infection in clinical outcomes through mt2a and ptk2 gene expression in gastric antral epithelial cells.
Rate of Ripening of Initiated Bananas as Influenced by Oxygen and Ethylene1,2

The ability of initiated bananas to ripen at rates close to those considered normal was found to be ethylene dependent in low oxygen concentrations. Fruit denied ethylene by low oxygen treatments, which reduced the fruit's ability to produce ethylene, ripened far slower than similarly treated fruit receiving exogenous ethylene. A sequence of ripening changes was proposed to account for the present knowledge of ripening.
Metabolic Profiling of Jasminum grandiflorum L. Flowers and Protective Role against Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity: Network Pharmacology and In Vivo Validation

Cisplatin (CP) is a powerful chemotherapeutic agent; however, its therapeutic use is restricted due to its nephrotoxicity. In this work, we profiled the phytoconstituents of Jasminum grandiflorum flower extract (JGF) using LC-MS/MS and explored the possible molecular mechanisms against acute renal failure through pharmacological network analysis. Furthermore, the possible molecular mechanisms of JGF against acute renal failure were verified in an in vivo nephrotoxicity model caused by cisplatin. LC-MS analysis furnished 26 secondary metabolites. Altogether, there were 112 total hit targets for the identified metabolites, among which 55 were potential consensus targets related to nephrotoxicity based on the network pharmacology approach. Upon narrowing the scope to acute renal failure, using the DisGeNET database, only 30 potential targets were determined. The computational pathway analysis illustrated that JGF might inhibit renal failure through PI3K-Akt, MAPK signaling pathway, and EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance. This study was confirmed by in vivo experiment in which kidneys were collected for histopathology and gene expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase 4 (MKK4), MKK7, I-CAM 1, IL-6, and TNF receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2). The animal-administered cisplatin exhibited a substantial rise in the expression levels of the MMK4, MKK7, I CAM 1, and TRFA2 genes compared to the control group. To summarize, J. grandiflorum could be a potential source for new reno-protective agents. Further experiments are needed to confirm the obtained activities and determine the therapeutic dose and time.
Self-Attention and Multi-Task Based Model for Remaining Useful Life Prediction with Missing Values

Remaining useful life (RUL) prediction is recently a hot spot in industrial big data analysis research. It aims at obtaining the health status of the equipment in advance and making intelligent maintenance decisions. However, values missing is a common problem in real industrial applications which severely restricts the performance and application scope of RUL prediction. To deal with this problem, a novel prediction model called self-attention-based multi-task network (SMTN)is proposed. The spatiotemporal feature fusion module utilizes the self-attention mechanism and long short-term memory to fully exploit the information in space and time dimensions, multi-task learning module tries to learn a complete representation from incomplete data by performing the missing values imputation task, and the representation is simultaneously used for RUL prediction. Comparison experiments conducted on the C-MAPSS dataset verified the effectiveness of the proposed SMTN.
Control data separation and its implications on backhaul networks

Future cellular systems need to cope with a huge amount of data and diverse service requirements in a flexible, sustainable, green and efficient way with minimal signalling overhead. This calls for network densification, a short length wireless link, efficient and proactive control signalling and the ability to switch off the power consuming devices when they are not in use. In this direction, the conventional alwayson service and worst-case design approach has been identified as the main source of inefficiency, and a paradigm shift towards adaptive and on-demand systems is seen as a promising solution. However, the conventional radio access network (RAN) architecture limits the achievable gains due to the tight coupling between network and data access points, which in turn imposes strict coverage and signalling requirements irrespective of the spatio-temporal service demand, channel conditions or mobility profiles.