Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Green dies in darkness? environmental externalities of newspaper closures

U.S. industrial plants emit around four billion pounds of toxic chemicals annually, posing health and economic risks. This study investigates the role of newspapers in influencing plants’ toxic emissions. We use local newspaper closures as an exogenous shock to news coverage and observe a 10% increase in emissions in affected counties, compared to plants owned by the same firm in other counties. Our findings indicate that this increase is not attributable to variations in environmental policies among firms, disparate economic conditions across counties, or heightened production levels at these facilities. Instead the rise in toxic emissions is driven by an elevated amount of toxins emitted per unit of output. We also uncover that the observed effect is more pronounced in areas with a lower newspaper-to-population ratio before the closure and in communities more concerned about environmental issues. Moreover, we find that the spread of online media doesn’t mitigate the consequences of newspaper closures on toxic emissions. This research provides causal evidence that local newspapers monitor and reduce firms’ harmful environmental practices.
Numerical Study on the Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Submarine Pipelines under the Impact of Real-World Tsunami-Like Waves

Submarine pipelines have been extensively used for marine oil and gas extraction due to their high efficiency, safety, and low price. However, submarine pipelines are vulnerable to extreme waves (i.e., tsunami waves). Previous research has often used solitary waves as a basis for studying the impacts of tsunami waves on submarine pipelines, although the hydrodynamic characteristics and wave properties drastically differ from those of real-world tsunami waves. This paper numerically investigates the hydrodynamic characteristics of tsunami waves interacting with submarine pipelines, but instead uses an improved wave model to generate a tsunami-like wave that more closely resembles those encountered in the real-world. The tsunami-like wave generated based on a real-world tsunami wave profile recorded during a 2011 tsunami in Japan has been applied. Given the same wave height, simulation results show that peak hydrodynamic forces of the tsunami-like wave are greater than those of the solitary wave. Meanwhile, the duration of the acting force under the tsunami-like wave is much longer than that of the solitary wave. These findings underline the basic reasons for the destructive power of tsunamis. It is also noted that the hydrodynamic forces of the pipeline under the tsunami-like wave increase with wave height, but will decrease as water depth increases. In addition to the single pipeline, the complicated hydrodynamic characteristics of pipelines in tandem arrangement have been also numerically studied. It is believed that the findings drawn from this paper can enhance our understanding of the induced forces on submarine pipelines under extreme tsunami waves.
The basis of preference for lexical words in 6-month-old infants

Six-month-old English-learning infants have been shown to prefer English lexical over English grammatical words. The preference is striking because there are few grammatical words in total number but each occurs far more frequently in input speech than any individual lexical word. This could be because lexical words are universally more salient and interesting acoustic and phonological forms than are grammatical words. Alternatively, familiarity may play a role since infants may know some specific lexical words. Here we explore the first possibility by testing Chinese-learning infants’ response to English lexical and grammatical words. These infants, who had virtually no prior exposure to English and thus were unfamiliar with any English words, nevertheless preferred to listen to English lexical words, as in the case of English-learning infants. This finding increases the plausibility that it is the acoustic and phonological salience of lexical words that determines the preference for lexical words in infants.
Management of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus and COVID-19

Objective of the Review: To systematise the information on the incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in patients who had the novel coronavirus infection; on the features of virus mechanism activation and pathological cascades in the body; on potential ways to control blood glucose during COVID-19. Key Points. During the novel coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) associated with high death toll in all countries, specific groups of patients were identified, where the death rate was higher than the mean figures. These groups include DM patients. DM is associated with a high risk of severe coronavirus infection and is the second common comorbidity during COVID-19. DM, degree of its compensation and complications progression impact prognosis, coronavirus infection clinical course and survival. Therefore, effective teamwork of the healthcare professionals and patient is essential. The primary objective of coordination is creation of a clear algorithm of DM management during COVID-19: strict blood glucose monitoring and prompt intensification both of antihyperglycemic therapy and specific ethiopathogenetic management of COVID-19. Conclusion. DM patients require special attention and timely adequate assistance both in outpatient and inpatient settings. Long-term follow-up of DM patients after COVID-19 to minimise the risk of DM complications is also very important. Keywords: COVID-19, diabetes mellitus, novel coronavirus infection.
Nitrogen in plant growth and yield of common bean

ABSTRACT The aim of this research was to determine the effect of nitrogen (N) availability on wild Rhizobiumnodulation, plant growth and grain yield of the common bean crop. Experiments were conducted in two growing periods, from 2 March to 3 June 2011 (autumn) and from 21 September to 23 December 2011 (spring), in pots using sand as substrate. Nitrogen concentrations of 5.12 (T1), 7.6 (T2), 10.12 (T3), 12.62 (T4), and 15.12 (T5) mmol L−1 were supplied by fertigation. In spring, the grain yield, number of grains and shoot growth of both cultivars reduced by effect of N concentration but in the cultivar BRS Valente they reducedonly in autumn. Number of nodules and root growth decreased in both cultivars while N concentration increased in the plant tissues. Nitrogen fertilization is not required to the common bean and its use inhibits nodulation. The increased availability does not enhance plant growth and grain yield.
Annealed and Quenched Polyelectrolytes

We study theoretically the behaviour of two types of polyelectrolytes in a poor solvent. If the number of charges and their position along the chain is quenched, the collapse is well described by a blob model introduced by Khokhlov. Weak polyacids or polybases have however an annealed structure where the charges are "mobile" along the chain. We show that these polymers undergo a discontinuous charge instability between a small-charge globular state and a high-charge extended state. This could explain several titration and viscometric data. At higher concentration, the electrostatic interaction is more screened for annealed than for quenched polyelectrolytes.
Cell Bathing Medium as a Target for Non-thermal Efiect of MMW on Heart Muscle Contractility

The comparative study of the efiects of weak intensity speciflc absorption rate (SAR = 1:8mW/g) of 4Hz modulated 160GHz millimeter wave (MMW) and near Infrared (IR) irradiation on thermodynamic properties, speciflc electrical conductivity (SEC) of physiological solution (PS) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) formation in it as well as the efiect of MMW- treated PS on heart muscle contractility, 45 Ca uptake was performed. The heat fusion capacity of MMW-pretreated PS after freezing by liquid nitrogen (N2) is signiflcantly less than the heat fusion capacity of sham and IR-treated PS. MMW unlike IR, has time-dependent elevation efiect on water SEC and SAR, which is accompanied by the increase of H2O2 formation in it. The direct MMW radiation, MMW-pretreated PS and H2O2-containing PS have increasing efiect on heart muscle contractility. The MMW-pretreated PS and the H2O2{containing PS have activation efiect on 45 Ca uptake and dehydration efiect on heart muscle contractility. Thus, the obtained data allow us to consider water dissociation as a main target through which the non-thermal efiect of MMW on physicochemical properties of water is realized, while the MMW-induced formation of H2O2 in cell bathing medium serves as a messenger through which the modulation of intracellular metabolism takes place.
Leadership Style: School Perspective in Cameroon

This paper examines leadership styles of secondary school principals in Cameroon, in terms of transformational, transactional, and laissez-faire leadership styles. This paper discusses the leadership styles in Cameroon and puts forward ideas for continuous improvement. A qualitative approach, using a semistructured interview, was adopted. It was conducted on ten principals, ten teachers, and ten students. Majority of respondents from schools described their principals as transformational leaders. Doubts are cast on the nature of transformational leadership in schools in Cameroon, since there is less training and development for leadership in schools.
Security-Aware CAN-FD Message Packing in Intelligent Automotive Cyber–Physical Systems

Controller area network with flexible data-rate (CAN-FD) has received great attention in automotive cyber–physical systems (ACPSs) due to its high bandwidth and long payload. However, CAN-FD adopts a broadcast message transmission mechanism and lacks security protection, making it extremely vulnerable to cyberattacks. CAN-FD message packing (packing signals into messages) with low bandwidth occupancy (utilization) under security constraints is the prerequisite for running intelligent applications in ACPS. In this work, we implement a two-stage CAN-FD message packing solution to reduce bandwidth utilization and improve signal acceptance rate under security constraints. The first stage solves the message packing problem of minimizing bus bandwidth utilization under security constraints. The second stage aims at improving the signal acceptance rate by repacking signals. Experimental results show that the first stage reduces average bus bandwidth utilization by 135% compared with the unpacking solution, and the second stage improves the average signal acceptance rate by 5% than existing advanced methods.
Directly Synthesis of ZSM-22 Particles by Adding Polyurethane Foam in Ionic Liquid-directed Dry-gel-conversion

Pure-silica ZSM-22 particles with millimeter size were directly synthesized by adding polyurethane foam (PU foam) in ionic liquid-directed dry-gel-conversion process, where the dry gel was prepared under the unusual acidic condition for hydrolyzing the silica precursor with 1,3-alkylimidazolium ionic liquid as the structure direct- ing agent (SDA). Both the PU foam and the ionic liquid-directed dry-gel-conversion process played essential roles in the formation of macroscopic morphology, because only powder-like sample could be obtained in the absence of foam, and moreover, no such special morphology could be achieved on ZSM-22 zeolite prepared by the PU foam-added traditional hydrothermal synthetic route. Various synthetic parameters were systematically studied, in- cluding the influence of PU foam, adding time and adding amount of PU foam, as well as the crystallization time. Pure phase ZSM-22 particles with the highest crystallinity can be obtained by adding appropriate volume of PU foam after microwave aging. Finally, the directly synthesized ZSM-22 particles were modified by impregnating CuO, which exhibited superior N2O adsorption property to the CuO-impregnated post-molded ZSM-22 particles with binding materials. The results indicate that there is an important influence of the macro-morphology on the adsorption performance of zeolites.
Birds of Edgbaston Reserve, central-western Queensland, including notes on significant and threatened species

Localities at the intersection of bioclimatic zones can produce interesting bird-community assemblages. Edgbaston Reserve, in central-western Queensland, known for the high biodiversity of its artesian springs complex, sits within the intersection of the Torresian, Bassian and Eyrean bioclimatic zones and straddles the intersection of two bioregions on the western edge of the Great Dividing Range. Here we present bird records accumulated through standardised surveys and opportunistic observations. A total of 143 species of birds was detected on Edgbaston Reserve. From these data we report on notable species recorded and the significance of the avifauna community found on this Reserve. In addition to Edgbaston conserving artesian-spring habitat and threatened aquatic species, we highlight the importance of this Reserve for the preservation of woodland and arid birds.
2 5 M ar 2 01 9 Singularity confinement as an integrability criterion

In this paper we present a rigorous method for deciding whether a birational three point mapping that has the singularity confinement property is integrable or not, based only on the structure of its (confined) singularity patterns. We also explain how the exact value of the dynamical degree for such a mapping may be deduced from the singularity patterns.
Diffuse axonal injury effect on myelinating cells and axons

DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY EFFECT ON MYELINATING CELLS AND AXONS by Jennifer Alison Zalk There is no supporting evidence whether myelin degeneration in diffuse axonal injury (DAI) of the white matter is due to death of myelinating oligodendrocytes or secondary axotomy. Cortical neurons are not able to remain healthy in culture to have their axons myelinated. Dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons have been shown to be myelinated by cortical oligodendrocytes in culture. An in vitro stretch injury model was used to analyze the DRG axon pathology during and after injury. DRG myelinating Schwann cells are analyzed to demonstrate what is expected from injury to oligodendrocytes. DRG axons demonstrated a high tolerance to stretch injury compared to cortical axons, at strains up to 90% without disconnection. Axons showed delayed recovery of the developed distortions from injury to their preinjured orientation. Injured DRG axons developed swellings similar to those found along stretch injured cortical axons and in humans with DAI. The intracellular calcium level showed extracellular entry of calcium during injury and high sustained levels following a severe injury. Undifferentiated Schwann cells showed greater calcium influx from severe injury and the possible release of an extracellular signaling molecule increasing the calcium concentration in uninjured cells. Stretch injured differentiated Schwann cells demonstrated an increase in intracellular calcium at the time of injury and a gradual increase in non-injured cells after injury, possibly induced by extracellular signaling molecules and calcium ions traversing to noninjured cells through gap junctions. DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY EFFECT ON MYELINATING CELLS AND AXONS by Jennifer Alison Zalk A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of New Jersey Institute of Technology in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Biomedical Engineering Department of Biomedical Engineering January 2013 Copyright © 2013 by Jennifer Alison Zalk ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
The role of cigarettes smoke condensatein enhanced candida albicans virulence of salivary isolates based on time and temperature

Candida albicans is a commensal of the oral cavity and the main agent of oral candidiasis. Cigarette smoke is reported to bea predisposing factor for biofilm formation and morphological changes of C. albicans. This study aimed to analyze the role of cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) on biofilm formation and morphological changes of C. albicans saliva isolates. C. albicans isolated from a smoker’s saliva was cultured on CHROM-agar and standardizedusing a 0.5 McFarland (1×10 CFU/ml). The biofilms were assayed using spectrophotometric density (620 nm wavelength). The data analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) alsoPearson’scorrelatinwasused. The biofilm mass and morphological changes of C. albicans cells were observed by light microscopy (magnificationx 1000). The results showed that non-Indonesian tobacco (non-kretek) CSC strongly induced the formation of biofilms compared to kretek CSC, particularly at 24, 48, and 72 hours (p <0.05) compared to 12hours (p <0.01). This was in accordance with the biofilm mass observed by light microscopy and consistent with the transition of morphological changes from blastospora to pseudohypha and hypha (p <0.05). Kretek and nonkretek CSC increased the biofilm formation and morphological transition changes of C. albicans saliva isolates. Experimental article (J Int Dent Med Res 2017; 10(Special Issue): pp. 769-777)
On the role of pervasive experiential coloration in memory

ABSTRACT F. C. Bartlett's concept of "attitude" is used in this paper as a point of departure for the creation of a model of the complementary functioning of discursive and experiential memorial representation. The paper first discusses several of the memorial functions of experiential representation, in particular the integrative function related to the pervasive aspect of attitudes and the function of attitudes as "landmarks" for indexing and checking Memories. The paper next examines one area that concerns itself with' attitude-like processes--state-dependent memory. After exploring some of the effects on memory of a text oduced by varying the experiential state of the reader, the paper argues that attitude-based processes are relatively more important in cases where prior knowledge does not provide a strong basis for connecting information. A brief outline of an inferential reconstruction model that incorporates knowledge of the world and pervasive experiential coloration in mutually facilitating interactive functioning is presented. (FG)
The Public Goods game revisited *

Play in standard Public Goods games suggests that on average, humans are quite willing to cooperate in multi-person social dilemmas. Yet cooperation is largely absent in real world social dilemmas where the benefits of cooperation are highest, such as in environmental problems. We hypothesize that this discrepancy is due to the fact that in the Public Goods game the worst free riders can do is to not contribute to the common good, while in most real world environmental situations they can actually undo the good works of others. We construct a modified version of the standard Public Goods game that allows for negative contributions to the common good, and show that average behavior is not statistically different from the Nash equilibrium prediction in any of the periods the game lasts. JEL Classification: C72, C92, D74.
The impact of market orientation on the performance of MSMEs operating in technology parks: The role of market dynamism

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to identify the role of market dynamism in the relationship between market orientation and the performance of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) operating in technology parks (TPs) in Poland. Methodology: The two methods used for performing the quantitative empirical research are CAWI and PAPI. The research sample included MSMEs operating in technology parks in Poland. The article is the answer to the needs for systematic research of models between market orientation and firm performance. Findings: The research findings provide an insight into the level of market orientation and performance of the analyzed MSMEs operating in technology parks in Poland. It was found that MSMEs in the research sample were not a homogeneous group in this respect. It has been proven that market orientation is a significant stimulant of firm performance, while market dynamism has not been classified as a moderator of the market orientation–firm performance relationship. Implications for theory and practice: This study contributes to strategic management by identifying the key role of market orientation for enterprises wishing to benefit from this type of strategic orientation. The important role of the predictor – market orientation in shaping the results of micro, small and medium-sized enterprises operating at TPs in Poland has been proven. In practice, this means that increasing the level of market orientation is conducive to increasing positively assessed financial performance. Originality and value: Our research carried out at MSMEs operating in technology parks in Poland enriches and supplements knowledge about market orientation as a phenomenon of universal character because it also applies to smaller sized business organizations.
COVID-19 and Acute Ischemic Stroke; An Indian Experience

Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology ¦ Volume 24 ¦ Issue 4 ¦ July-August 2021 632 phenotype, rare missense variants in RELN were identified. RELN mutations segregate in an autosomal dominant fashion and the product reelin is a large secreted glycoprotein that plays essential roles in the cytoarchitecture of laminated brain structures. RELN mutation-positive patients have a higher age at onset and a milder course of disease compared to epsilon sarcoglycan M-D patients though psychiatric abnormalities and response to alcohol were common among both. [8]
Profit-Aware Edge Server Placement

In a 5G network, mobile-edge computing (MEC) plays a key role in providing low access delay services. The placement of edge servers not only determines the quality of services on the user side but also affects the profit of running a MEC system. In this article, we study how to properly place edge servers so as to guarantee the access delay and maximize the profit of edge providers. We first propose a profit model which involves both access delay and energy consumption. In this model, we take the 5G user plane function (UPF) into consideration to calculate access delay for the first time. Then, we devise a particle swarm optimization-based algorithm to optimize the profit. In the algorithm, we introduce a weight value $q$ to guarantee the access delay and assign base stations properly. Moreover, a service-level agreement is adopted to balance the tradeoff between access delay and energy consumption. We take advantage of our 5G network emulator called mini5Gedge and data set from Shanghai Telecom to conduct massive experiments. The results show that our algorithm stands out in terms of achieving the highest profit.
Peri-personal space as an interface for self-environment interaction

The brain has developed a specific system to encode the space closely surrounding our body, our peri-personal space (PPS). This space is the theatre where all physical interactions with objects in the environment occur, and thus is postulated to play a critical role in both approaching and defensive behaviour. Here, we first describe the classic neurophysiological findings that have led researchers to conceive of PPS as a multisensory-motor interface. This historical perspective is given to clarify what properties are strictly related to PPS encoding, and what characteristics bear out or are related to PPS. Then, in an effort to uncover gaps in knowledge that often go unnoticed, we critically examine the association between PPS and i) multisensory processing, and ii) the motor system—its strongest allies. We do not mean to say that PPS isn’t multisensory-motor, simply to pinpoint current research shortcomings. Subsequently, we detail more recent psychophysical studies, highlighting the extreme plasticity of PPS, and its putative role in bodily self-consciousness and social cognition. Lastly, we briefly discuss computational models of PPS. Throughout the chapter, we particularly attempt to emphasize open areas of investigation. By critically evaluating past findings, many of them our own, we hope to provide a forward-looking perspective on the study of PPS.