Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fractional second linear multistep methods: the explicit forms for solving fractional differential equations and stability analysis

In this paper, the explicit forms of the fractional second linear multistep methods (FSLMMs) are introduced for solving fractional differential equations (FDEs) of the fractional-order in . These explicit FSLMMs are constructed based on fractional backward difference formulas 1, 2, and 3 (FBDF1, FBDF2, and FBDF3) with the first, second, third, and fourth orders of convergence. Also, the monotonicity of these FBDFs is considered when the order of fractional derivatives lies into . The order of consistency, linear stability, and the order of convergence of these explicit methods are analysed. Moreover, the stability regions of the proposed methods are completely studied in the stability topic. Finally, four experimental examples are presented to confirm the proposed theories.
Comparison of direct drive and high speed drive concepts for the use in wheel-hub-drives

Three different drive concepts for wheel-hub-drives are compared, one permanent magnet synchronous machine as direct drive and two high speed drives with a gearbox, one with a permanent magnet motor and one with a cage induction motor. These different concepts are compared in terms of their usability as wheel-hub-motors. Simulation results and measurements of a prototype direct drive motor are used to compare the energy consumption during a defined driving cycle with the high speed motors. A rough estimation of material costs is given.
Assessing smart light enabled cyber-physical attack paths on urban infrastructures and services

Internet-of-Things (IoT) extends the provision of remotely managed services across different domains. At the same time, IoT devices primarily designed for home environments may also be installed within the premises of critical urban environments, such as government, banking and corporate domains, without proper risk evaluation. In this paper, we examine the effect of cascading attacks triggered by the integration of vulnerable smart lighting systems in critical domains. In particular, we utilise known vulnerabilities of smart lighting systems to demonstrate the potential risk propagation on popular installation domains found in smart cities and urban infrastructures and services. Based on validated vulnerabilities on popular off-the-shelf smart lighting systems, we set up realistic proof-of-concept connectivity scenarios for various urban infrastructures and domains. Using these scenarios, we evaluate the risk of cascading attacks, by applying a targeted risk assessment methodology for identifying and assessing IoT-enabled attacks.
Implementation of New Three Phase Modular Multilevel Inverter for Renewable Energy Applications

This project proposes a new three-phase modular multilevel inverter (MMLI) for renewable applications. The cascaded multilevel inverters are the most favourable topologies of multilevel converters. This project introduces a new multilevel inverter topology in which the numbers of independent dc voltage sources are reduced. Beside the number of dc voltage sources, in the proposed topology the number of switches is also reduced in comparison with that of the conventional cascaded multilevel inverter. A new modified pulse-width modulation method i.e. sinusoidal pulse width modulation is successfully applied to proposed inverter. To verify the applicability and performance of the proposed structure in PV renewable energy environment, simulation results are carried out by MATLAB/SIMULINK.
One of the Primary Functions of Tissue-Resident Pluripotent Pericytes Cells May Be to Regulate Normal Organ Growth and Maturation: Implications for Attempts to Repair Tissues Later in Life

Adult mesenchymal stem cells were reported more than 30 years ago. Since then, their potential to repair and regenerate damaged or diseased tissues has been studied intensively in both preclinical models and human trials. Most of the need for such tissue repair/regeneration is in older populations, so much of the effort has been performed with autologous cells in older patients. However, success has been difficult to achieve. In the literature, it has been noted that such progenitor cells from younger individuals often behave with more vigorous activity and are functionally enhanced compared to those from older individuals or animals. In addition, cells with the characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells or pluripotent mesenchymal regulatory cells exist in nearly all tissues and organs as pericytes since fetal life. Such evidence raises the possibility that one of the primary roles of these organ-specific cells is to regulate organ growth and maturation, and then subsequently play a role in the maintenance of organ integrity. This review will discuss the evidence to support this concept and the implications of such a concept regarding the use of these progenitor cells for the repair and regeneration of tissues damaged by injury or disease later in life. For the latter, it may be necessary to return the organ-specific progenitor cells to the functional state that contributed to their effectiveness during growth and maturation rather than attempting to use them after alterations imposed during the aging process have been established and their function compromised.
Comparison of the Gonial Angle With Age and Gender Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Images

Introduction The mandible is one of the most important bones used in gender determination in forensic medicine and anthropology. In literature, there are many studies examining the relationship between the gonial angle on the mandible and gender. However, these studies reported different results. This study aimed to measure the gonial angle with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images and investigate the relation of this angle with age and gender. Materials and methods CBCT images of 235 dentate individuals (111 males and 124 females) aged between seven and 77 years were evaluated. The individuals examined were categorized into four age groups: 7-19 years (group I), 20-39 years (group II), 40-59 years (group III), and 60-77 years (group IV). The gonial angle was measured bilaterally in all individuals. Results The mean age of the males was 41.70 ± 19.14, and the mean age of the females was 39.47 ± 17.90 years. There was no statistically significant difference between the ages based on gender (p = 0.356). It was observed that there was a statistical difference between the gonial angle and gender in groups II and III. There was no correlation between age and gonial angle in all groups. Conclusion The results obtained in this study and the comparison of these results with the literature clearly show that it is currently not possible to clearly express the relationship between the gonial angle and both age and gender. For this reason, we believe that conducting further studies evaluating both the gonial angle and the relationship between the gonial angle and other anatomical structures on a larger sample can yield more meaningful results.
Investigating the use of 3D digitisation for public facing applications in cultural heritage institutions

This thesis contains research into the use of 3D digitisation technologies by cultural heritage institutions in public facing applications. It is particularly interested in those technologies that can be adopted by institutions with limited budget and no previous experience in 3D digitisation. Whilst there has been research in the area of 3D imaging by museums and cultural heritage institutions, the majority is concerned with the use of the technology for academic or professional, curatorial purposes and on technical comparisons of the various technologies used for capture. Similarly, research conducted on the use of 3D models for public facing and public engagement applications has tended to focus on the various capture technologies, while little has been published on processing raw data for public facing applications – a time-consuming and potentially costly procedure. This research will investigate the issues encountered through the entire 3D digitisation workflow, from capture through processing to dissemination, focusing on the specific problems inherent in public facing projects and the heterogeneous and often problematic nature of museum objects. There has been little research published on the efficacy of 3D models both as providers of informational content and as public engagement tools used to fulfil a cultural heritage institution’s public facing remit. This research assesses the utility of interactive 3D models, as well as rendered animations of 3D content used as in-gallery exhibits and disseminated online. It finds that there is a prima facie case for believing that 3D models may be used to further a museum’s engagement and educational aims, and that there is an appetite among the general public for the use of this type of content in cultural heritage applications. The research will also compare a variety of methods for assessing the success of models.
The Effect of Capital Structure, Profitability on Firm Value with Interest Rates as Moderating Variable

This study aimed to determine whether capital structure and profitability have an influence on firm value with interest rates as a moderating variable in manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Samples were taken by purposive sampling method and had several predetermined criteria. The number of samples that were successfully taken were 53 manufacturing companies during the 2017-2020 period. The data is processed using multiple regression analysis and E-views 12 software. Based on the results of the research that has been done, it is found that capital structure has no effect on firm value, while return to assets and net profit margin have a significant effect on firm value. The moderating variable of interest rates cannot moderate the relationship between capital structure, return on assets and net profit margin on firm value.
Multiple Consecutive Cervicovaginal Cytology Specimens Confirm Persistent Colonization by Cokeromyces recurvatus: Case Report and Literature Review

The published literature on cervicovaginal cytology includes fewer than ten reported cases of Cokeromyces recurvatus identified in Pap test samples. We report a unique case of an asymptomatic 27-year-old female with persistent gynecologic tract colonization by C. recurvatus in which distinctive fungal microorganisms were identified in three samples collected over three consecutive years.
Transmission‐type 1‐bit coding metasurfaces with linear‐to‐circular polarization conversion using coupling‐propagation‐decoupling unit cells

In this paper, a coupling‐propagation‐decoupling unit cell is designed to independently manipulate the transmission phase and polarization of a linearly polarized electromagnetic wave by adjusting only two geometry parameters respectively. Utilizing this kind of unit cell structure, two 1‐bit transmissive coding metasurfaces were proposed to efficiently realize the wavefront control and linear‐to‐circular polarization conversion from 7.90 to 8.20 GHz. By arranging two types of unit cells in different coding sequences, the designed two coding metasurfaces can split a linearly polarized incident wave into two and four transmitted beams, respectively. The proposed coding metasurfaces demonstrated the independent phase and polarization manipulation characteristic of the designed structure.
Computer Vision-based Robotic Arm for Object Color, Shape, and Size Detection

Various aspects of the human workplace have been influenced by robotics due to its precision and accessibility. Nowadays, industrial activities have become more automated, increasing efficiency while reducing the production time, human labor, and risks involved. With time, electronic technology has advanced, and the ultimate goal of such technological advances is to make robotic systems as human-like as possible. As a result of this blessing of technological advances, robots will perform jobs far more efficiently than humans in challenging situations. In this paper, an automatic computer vision-based robotic gripper has been built that can select and arrange objects to complete various tasks. This study utilizes the image processing methodology of the PixyCMU camera sensor to distinguish multiple objects according to their distinct colors (red, yellow, and green). Next, a preprogrammed command is generated in the robotic arm to pick the item employing Arduino Mega and four MG996R servo motors. Finally, the device releases the object according to its color behind the fixed positions of the robotic arm to a specific place. The proposed system can also detect objects' geometrical shapes (circle, triangle, square, rectangle, pentagon, and star) and sizes (large, medium, and small) by utilizing OpenCV image processing libraries in Python language. Empirical results demonstrate that the designed robotic arm detects colored objects with 80% accuracy. It performs an excellent size and shapes recognition precision in real-time with 100% accuracy.
Several Alkaloids in Chinese Herbal Medicine Exert Protection in Acute Kidney Injury: Focus on Mechanism and Target Analysis

Objectives Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a loose set of kidney diseases accompanied by a variety of syndromes, which is a serious threat to human life and health. Some alkaloids are derived from various Chinese herbs have been widely concerned in the improvement of AKI. This review provides the research progress of alkaloids in AKI experimental models and discusses the related molecular mechanisms. Key Findings. Alkaloids can protect AKI through various mechanisms including antioxidant stress, improvement of mitochondrial damage, reduction of cell death, induction of autophagy, and inhibition of inflammation. These mechanisms are mainly related to the activation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway, inhibition of ferroptosis and apoptosis, regulation of PINK1/Parkin pathway, inhibition of TLR4/NF-κB pathway and NLRP3 inflammatory bodies, upregulation of Klotho protein level and so on. In addition, there are a few alkaloids that have certain toxicity on the kidney. Conclusion Alkaloids have been shown to significantly improve AKI, but only in pharmacological studies. This paper summarizes the main experimental models currently used in AKI research and describes some representative alkaloids based on recent research. Their potential roles in the prevention and treatment of AKI through different mechanisms are highlighted.
A mixture of Noise Image Denoising using Sevenlets Wavelet Techniques

The noise has always been present in digital images when coding, image acquisition, transmission and processing steps has often corrupted by noise. Noise is challenging to confiscate from the digital images without the noise model’s prior information preserving edges. That is why the assessment of noise models is essential in the revise of image denoising techniques. A novel approach to improve the performance of an image’s quality and visual perception must be noise-free. The essential features like edge details should be retained as much as possible due to the increased traffic caused by multimedia information and digitized form of representation of images. This research articulates a brief general fundamental proposal of the noise model. The input image has debased with different noise probability density of Gaussian (G), Speckle (S), Salt and Pepper (SP) noise and a mixture of noise (G + S + SP). The Wavelet technique’s methodology using Sevenlets wavelet are Haar, Daubechies, Coiflets, Symlets, Discrete Meyer, Biorthogonal and Reverse Biorthogonal input Lena standard image has decomposed using Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT). The decomposition process, as accomplished by discriminating the input image with lower and higher image coefficients. Filtering techniques are employed to deplete the noise present in an image. Hence the quantitative investigation of noise model at hard and soft thresholding is analyzed, improving image quality by increasing PSNR and decreasing MSE to have better performance. HIGHLIGHTS The images may be corrupted randomly in the transmission line; it is significant to retrieve exactly without loss of data; it is a challenging task. The images are examined with a different mixture of noises with corrupting at various percentage levels. In transmission channels the data will be corrupted, the primary aim is to retrieve actual data. For the testing purpose Gaussian (G), Speckle (S), and Salt & Pepper (SP) noise added to the Lena image have been corrupted and denoised. Denoising using methodology Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), to obtain better clarity image quality furthermore noise is filtered using Weiner and Median Filters. The mixture of noises of 0.1, 1, and 10 % density noise (G+S) (Gaussian (G) pulse Speckle (S)), G+S+SP (Gaussian (G) plus Speckle (S) pulse Salt & Pepper (SP)) added to the Lena image and denoised, have obtained improved denoised images comparing to previous research results.
Postnatal Serum Total Thyroxine Level Associated with Short- and Long-Term Anthropometric Outcomes in Very Preterm Infants

Thyroxine (T4) importantly regulates the growth of newborns. Compared to fetuses with equivalent gestational ages, very preterm infants (VPIs) often experience relatively low thyroxinemia, with a normal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentration < 10 μIU/mL. However, there is continued debate regarding postnatal thyroxine supplementation for VPIs with normal TSH and transitionally low thyroxinemia. Little research has explored the role of the postnatal total T4 (TT4) serum concentration on the growth of VPIs. In this study, we aim to clarify whether the postnatal thyroxine concentration is associated with the short- and long-term growth outcomes of VPIs. A total of 334 surviving VPIs in our previously reported cohort, born in the period August 2007–July 2016, were enrolled. The exposure variable was the postnatal TT4 concentration at 1 month old. The primary outcomes were body weight increments over 28 days after the screening and anthropometric outcomes at the corrected age of 24 months old. Infants with any hormonal replacement, severe brain injury, congenital anomaly, or cerebral palsy were excluded. In total, 290 (86.8%) VPIs were included for analysis. In the 28 days after thyroid function screening, the TT4 concentration was found to have a significant association with positive increments in body weight (mean increment: 25.7 g per 1 μg/dL; p < 0.001) and a positive body weight z-score (mean increment: 0.039 per 1 μg/dL; p = 0.037), determined by generalized estimating equation analysis. At the corrected age of 24 months old, a higher postnatal TT4 concentration was associated with a lower body mass index (mean coefficient: −0.136; 95% CI: −0.231 to −0.041, p = 0.005) and lower body mass index z-score (mean coefficient: −0.097; 95% CI: −0.170 to −0.024, p = 0.009). Infants with a TT4 concentration > 6.4 ug/dL had significantly lower odds of overweight status (odds ratio: 0.365; 95% CI: 0.177 to 0.754, p = 0.006). We conclude that the postnatal TT4 concentration is associated with a positive increment in body weight in the short term. At the same time, the postnatal TT4 concentration is associated with lower odds of overweight status after long-term follow-up.
Corrosion behaviour of zinc exposed to an extreme tropical marine atmospheric environment for 3 years

Corrosion behaviour of Zn exposed in the coastal zone of the Nansha Islands for nearly 3 years was studied through gravimetric, and morphological observations, component analysis, and electrochemical measurements. The kinetics of the corrosion process is linear, indicating that the corrosion products have no significant protective effect on the substrate. The average corrosion rate (V d) fluctuated with time, which was attributed to the different morphologies of corroded product film formed on the skyward and field-ward sides. Corrosion products formed on the skyward side had a three-layer structure in which Zn5(OH)8Cl2·H2O was enriched in both the outer and inner layer, NaZn4Cl(OH)6SO4·6H2O was enriched in the intermediate layer. Simultaneously, corrosion products formed on the field-ward side had a double-layer structure, in which Zn5(OH)8Cl2·H2O was concentrated in the inner layer and NaZn4Cl(OH)6SO4·6H2O was enriched in the outer layer. The degrees of corrosion on both sides at different exposure periods were also discussed.
Assessment of the effectiveness of physiotherapy in children with cerebral palsy in the opinion of the parents

Abstract Many specialists have studied cerebral palsy. Currently, the most accurate definition is that proposed by Bax, who defines cerebral palsy as a disorder of posture and movement caused by damage to the brain. The factors that predispose to the development of this disorder include: pre-contraceptive, prenatal, perinatal and postnatal. Symptoms indicating the possibility of cerebral palsy can be observed already in the neonatal period, therefore it is important to follow pediatric visits, and in case of alarming symptoms, consult a neurologist. Early diagnosis of the disorder will allow the introduction of quick, individualized child physiotherapy, which may strengthen the child's psychomotor development. Aim of the research: to assess the effectiveness of physiotherapy in children with cerebral palsy in the opinion of the parents. Material and methods: the proprietary questionnaire and two certified scales were used: Gross Motor Classification System to determine the degree of motor disorders and Manual Ability Classification System to check the degree of manual skills. Results: 67% of parents support the high effectiveness of physiotherapy. Therapeutic sessions most often take place 3-5 times a week (51%); moreover, 97% of children perform rehabilitation exercises at home. Conclusions: Physiotherapy is an effective form of exercise therapy for children with cerebral palsy. The most popular of the methods used in working with children is NDT-Bobath. The desirability of early diagnosis of cerebral palsy is associated with the possibility of quick therapeutic sessions, which translates into benefits in psychomotor development and significantly improves the quality of life.
Targeting of the Peritumoral Adipose Tissue Microenvironment as an Innovative Antitumor Therapeutic Strategy

The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a key role in promoting and sustaining cancer growth. Adipose tissue (AT), due to its anatomical distribution, is a prevalent component of TME, and contributes to cancer development and progression. Cancer-associated adipocytes (CAAs), reprogrammed by cancer stem cells (CSCs), drive cancer progression by releasing metabolites and inflammatory adipokines. In this review, we highlight the mechanisms underlying the bidirectional crosstalk among CAAs, CSCs, and stromal cells. Moreover, we focus on the recent advances in the therapeutic targeting of adipocyte-released factors as an innovative strategy to counteract cancer progression.
The Effect of Hyperlipidemia on the Course of Diabetic Retinopathy—Literature Review

Diabetes mellitus is a very important social issue, and its retinal complications continue to be one of the major causes of blindness worldwide. The effect of glucose level on the development of retinal retinopathy has been the subject of numerous studies and is well understood. Hypertension and hyperlipidemia have been known to be important risk factors in the development of diabetes complications. However, the mechanisms of this effect have not been fully explained and raise a good deal of controversy. The latest research results suggest that some lipoproteins are closely correlated with the incidence of diabetic retinopathy and that by exerting an impact on their level the disease course can be modulated. Moreover, pharmacotherapy which reduces the level of lipids, particularly by means of statins and fibrate, has been shown to alleviate diabetic retinopathy. Therefore, we have decided to review the latest literature on diabetic retinopathy with respect to the impact of hyperlipidemia and possible preventive measures