Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The elastic constants of sputtered aluminum nitride films

Brillouin light scattering has been used for determining the five independent elastic constants of polycrystalline AlN films grown by DC magnetron sputtering on Si/sub 3/N/sub 4/ coated (100)-Si substrates. The elastic constants c/sub 66/ and c/sub 11/ have been selectively determined from detection of the shear horizontal mode and of the longitudinal mode travelling parallel to the film surface, respectively. The three remaining elastic constants, namely c/sub 13/, c/sub 33/ and c/sub 44/, have been obtained from detection of the Rayleigh surface mode and of the longitudinal bulk wave propagating at different angles from the surface normal. The values of the elastic constants of these sputtered AlN films exhibit an appreciable dependence on the microstructural properties of the films, which are strongly affected by the deposition conditions. However, they are rather close to those previously determined in epitaxial AlN films grown at high temperature by MOCVD.
Krylov approximation of ODEs with polynomial parameterization

We propose a new numerical method to solve linear ordinary differential equations of the type $\frac{\partial u}{\partial t}(t,\varepsilon) = A(\varepsilon) \, u(t,\varepsilon)$, where $A:\mathbb{C}\rightarrow\mathbb{C}^{n\times n}$ is a matrix polynomial with large and sparse matrix coefficients. The algorithm computes an explicit parameterization of approximations of $u(t,\varepsilon)$ such that approximations for many different values of $\varepsilon$ and $t$ can be obtained with a very small additional computational effort. The derivation of the algorithm is based on a reformulation of the parameterization as a linear parameter-free ordinary differential equation and on approximating the product of the matrix exponential and a vector with a Krylov method. The Krylov approximation is generated with Arnoldi's method and the structure of the coefficient matrix turns out to have an independence on the truncation parameter so that it can also be interpreted as Arnoldi's method applied to an infinite dimensional matrix. We prove the superlinear convergence of the algorithm and provide a posteriori error estimates to be used as termination criteria. The behavior of the algorithm is illustrated with examples stemming from spatial discretizations of partial differential equations.
Kondo effect in transport through molecules adsorbed on metal surfaces: from Fano dips to Kondo peaks

The Kondo effect observed in recent scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) experiments on transport through CoPc and TBrPP-Co molecules adsorbed on Au(111) and Cu(111) surfaces, respectively, is discussed within the framework of a simple model [G. Chiappe and E. Louis, Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 076806 (2006)]. Both molecules show a four lobed structure with Co placed in its center, the active $\mathrm{Co}\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}d$ orbital lying at lower energy in the TBrPP-Co molecule. In the Kondo regime, and by varying the ratio $r$ of STM tip/Co to STM tip/lobes hoppings, it is possible to produce a crossover from a conductance Kondo peak (CoPc, high $r$) to a conductance Fano dip (TBrPP-Co, $r$ around 1). The essential role of the internal structure of the molecule in controlling even the entrance into the Kondo regime is highlighted. In particular, it is shown that the crossover from Fano dip to Kondo peak can also be produced, changing the sign of the lobe/lobe hopping while keeping that ratio constant. In the case of $\mathrm{TBrPP}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{Co}∕\mathrm{Cu}(111)$, we show that varying the density of states at the metal surface, or distorting the molecule, changes the shape of the Fano dip and the Kondo temperature, and shifts the dip minimum. These features are in line with experimental observations, indicating that our simple model contains the essential physics underlying the transport properties of such complex molecules.
Extremely long-lived charged massive particles as a probe for reheating of the Universe

We discuss the impact of charged massive particle big bang nucleosynthesis(CBBN) to explore the nature of the reheating of the Universe in the case that a new extremely long-lived charged massive particle(CHAMP) exists. If the mass of the CHAMP is within collider reach and it's lifetime is longer than $10^4$sec, the comparison between the CBBN prediction and observed $^6$Li abundances may indicate nonstandard reheating in the early Universe without relying on details of the decay properties. Even if the CHAMP mass is outside the reach of colliders, the cosmological considerations may provide a nontrivial hint for the existence of such very heavy long-lived CHAMPs from the late Universe if the daughter particles are the dominant component of the present dark matter. We consider a low reheating temperature model as an example of the nonstandard reheating scenarios.
RANDOM WALKS ON BRATTELI DIAGRAMS

In a 1989 article, A. Connes and E. J. Woods made a connection between hyperfinite von Neumann algebras and Poisson boundaries of time dependent random walks. I will explain this connection and will present two theorems given there: the description of an almost periodic state on a hyperfinite von Neumann algebra (due to A. Connes) and the ergodic decomposition of a Markov measure via harmonic functions (a classical result in J. Neveu 64). The crux of the first theorem is a model for conditional expectations on finite dimensional C*-algebras. Our proof of the second theorem hinges on the notion of cotransition probability.
Repeated metamorphism in the pelitic granulites of the Hidaka metamorphic belt, Hokkaido, Japan: Implications for the formation of the present‐day trench‐arc‐basin system in NE Asia

The timing and mechanism of the tectonic transition from an active continental margin to a trench‐arc‐basin system in NE Asia are debated. In this study, we report the pressure–temperature–time (P–T–t) path of this transition based on petrographic observations, phase‐equilibrium modelling, and U–Pb ages of zircon and rutile from pelitic granulites in the Hidaka metamorphic belt (Hokkaido, Japan). The granulites contain an early phase mineral assemblage of staurolite + sillimanite + biotite + plagioclase + quartz + rutile/ilmenite, a peak phase granulite assemblage of garnet + biotite + cordierite + plagioclase + quartz + rutile/ilmenite and a symplectic intergrowth of spinel + cordierite ± sillimanite within garnet porphyroblasts. Phase‐equilibrium modelling indicates two phases of metamorphism with P–T conditions, respectively, of ~6 kbar/620–670°C and ~6 kbar/850°C. A clockwise P–T path was thus reconstructed for the granulites, showing a near‐isobaric temperature increase to the peak conditions and a post‐peak cooling. U–Pb dating of zircon and rutile in the granulites yielded two groupings of metamorphic ages at c. 37 Ma and 19 Ma, related to early phase amphibolite facies and late phase granulite facies metamorphism, respectively. The age of magmatism from the previous work at the NE Asian continental margin overlaps with these metamorphic ages, and the two phases of metamorphism in the pelitic granulites is attributed to discrete episodes of supra‐subduction‐zone magmatism (late Eocene, c. 37 Ma) and back‐arc extension (early Miocene, 24–19 Ma). Consequently, we suggest that the Hidaka metamorphic belt has undergone two phases of metamorphism, which represent two pulsed and separated thermal events. Moreover, we relate the granulites facies metamorphism to the underplating of mafic magma and lithospheric thinning during the opening of the Japan Sea at 24–19 Ma, which is attributed to slab rollback and trench retreat processes in NE Asia.
Quiver Hecke Algebras and 2-Lie Algebras

We provide an introduction to the 2-representation theory of Kac-Moody algebras, starting with basic properties of nil Hecke algebras and quiver Hecke algebras, and continuing with the resulting monoidal categories, which have a geometric description via quiver varieties, in certain cases. We present basic properties of 2-representations and describe simple 2-representations, via cyclotomic quiver Hecke algebras, and through microlocalized quiver varieties.
BRIGHTNESS PROFILES FOR 69 GLOBULAR CLUSTERS DETERMINED BY MEANS OF THE ELECTRONIC CAMERA.

The present 109 partial profiles are of the surface brightness of 69 globular clusters. All but two were determined by PDS microphotometry of electronic camera recordings. Some objects were recorded through UBV filters, while others were recorded more than once with the same filter (or none) for a check on consistency. For the outer regions (representing most of each cluster), the observed profiles agree well with the theoretical profiles of King (1966). For the core regions, however, there exist some clusters for which there is significant disagreement with the King profiles.
A criterion for the primitivity of a birational automorphism of a Calabi-Yau manifold and an application

We shall give a sufficient condition on the primitivity of a birational automrphism of a Calabi-Yau manifold in purely algebro geometric terms. As an application, we shall give an explicit construction of Calabi-Yau manifolds of Picard number $2$ of any dimension $\ge 3$, with primitive birational automrphisms of first dynamical degree $>1$.
Nucleation and Growth of Gas Bubbles in Elastomers

An experimental study is described of the formation and growth of gas bubbles in crosslinked elastomers. A critical condition for bubble formation is found to hold in most cases: The gas supersaturation pressure must exceed 5G/2, where G is the shear modulus of the elastomer. The kinetics of bubble growth are shown to be in good accord with a simple diffusion‐controlled growth relation for a variety of gases, elastomers, temperatures, and pressures. The number of bubbles depends strongly upon the degree of supersaturation above the critical level. This effect is attributed partly to kinetic factors and partly to the presence initially of internal holes of a range of sizes.
On the external origin for dust in elliptical galaxies

100 μm fluxes from IRAS co-added data are used to estimate the mass of dust present in ellipticals. How the data imply an external origin are discussed. The distribution function of the relative dust content from a large sample of ellipticals reveals that the dust is not coupled to the stellar content; this is in contrast to the distribution derived for spiral galaxies. It is conclued that the cold phase of the ISM in many ellipticals has an external origin. Using a maximum-likehood survival analysis technique, the possibility that cooloing flows are the source of the accreted material is investigated and it is conclued that cooling hot gas is not a significant source for dust or cold H I gas in ellipticals.
Instability of Surface Quasigeostrophic Vortices

The instability of circular vortices is studied numerically in the surface quasigeostrophic (SQG) model, and their evolutions are compared with those of barotropically unstable 2D vortices. The growth rates in the SQG model evidence similarity with their barotropic counterparts for moderate radial gradients of temperature (or of vorticity in the 2D model). For stronger gradients, SQG vortices are more unstable than 2D vortices. The nonlinear, finite-amplitude evolutions of perturbed vortices provide evidence that moderately unstable, elliptically perturbed vortices form tripoles. When they are more unstable, they break into two dipoles. Weakly unstable vortices with triangular perturbations form transient quadrupoles that break; they stabilize only for large gradients of mean temperature. Finally, with square perturbations, pentapoles degenerate into dipoles, at least for the range of mean temperature gradients explored here. The analysis of nonlinear stabilizations reveals that the deformation of the vortex core and the leak of its temperature anomaly to the periphery are essential ingredients to stabilize the perturbation at finite amplitude. In conclusion, SQG vortex instability exhibits considerable similarity to the barotropic instability of 2D vortices.
Spinor Pairs and the Concentration Principle for Dirac operators

We study perturbed Dirac operators of the form $ D_s= D + s{\cal A} :\Gamma(E)\rightarrow \Gamma(F)$ over a compact Riemannian manifold $(X, g)$ with symbol $c$ and special bundle maps ${\cal A} : E\rightarrow F$ for $s>>0$. Under a simple algebraic criterion on the pair $(c, {\cal A})$, solutions of $D_s\psi=0$ concentrate as $s\to\infty$ around the singular set $Z_\A\subset X$ of ${\cal A}$. We give many examples, the most interesting ones arising from a general ``spinor pair'' construction.
A Central Synergistic Hybrid Approach for Global Exponential Stabilization on SO(3)

We propose a new central synergistic hybrid approach for global exponential stabilization on the Special Orthogonal group SO(3). We introduce a new switching concept relying on a central family of (possibly) non-differentiable potential functions that enjoy (as well as their gradients) the following properties: 1) being quadratic with respect to the Euclidean attitude distance, and 2) being synergistic with respect to the gradient's singular and/or critical points. The proposed approach is used to solve the attitude tracking problem, leading to global exponential stability results.
Boulder-flow interaction associated with self-aeration process

In this experimental study, the boulder-flow interaction associated with the self-aeration process was investigated in a 0.50m wide flume. Experiments were performed with three different boulder arrangements and four different relative boulder submergences using Reynolds numbers from 5×103to 5 × 104. A boulder-flow interaction can trigger air–water mass transfer by generating turbulence, a hydraulic jump and plunging jet flow. When the boulders are submerged by the water, the maximum local aeration efficiency tends to decrease rapidly as does the flow resistance. Furthermore, the maximum local aeration efficiency is positively related to the blockage ratio of the boulder(s). The blockage ratio appears to represent the head loss, suggesting a possible interrelation between the aeration efficiency and the energy dissipation
Strong edge coloring of subcubic bipartite graphs

A strong edge coloring of a graph G is a proper edge coloring in which each color class is an induced matching of G. In 1993, Brualdi and Quinn Massey [3] proposed a conjecture that every bipartite graph without 4-cycles and with the maximum degrees of the two partite sets 2 and admits a strong edge coloring with at most + 2 colors. We prove that this conjecture holds for such graphs with = 3 . We also confirm the conjecture proposed by Faudree et al. [5] for subcubic bipartite graphs. NOTE: After publishing this paper on ArXiv, we have been notified that an equivalent result has already been proven by Maydanskiy [9] in the scope of incidence colorings. Moreover, the latter result has been verified in a little stronger form in [14] by Wu and Lin.
Two New Settings for Examples of von Neumann Dimension

Author(s): Ruth, Lauren | Advisor(s): Xu, Feng; Valette, Alain | Abstract: Let G=PSL(2, R), let Γ be a lattice in G, and let H be an irreducible unitary representation of G with square-integrable matrix coefficients. A theorem in [GHJ89] states that the von Neumann dimension of H as a RΓ-module is equal to the formal dimension of the discrete series representation H times the covolume of Γ, calculated with respect to the same Haar measure. We prove two results inspired by this theorem. First, we show there is a representation of RΓ2 on a subspace of cuspidal automorphic functions in L2(Γ1\G), where Γ1 and Γ2 are lattices in G; and this representation is unitarily equivalent to one of the representations in [GHJ89]. Next, we calculate von Neumann dimensions when G is PGL(2, F), for F a non-archimedean local field of characteristic 0 with residue field of order not divisible by 2; Γ is a torsion-free lattice in PGL(2, F), which, by a theorem of Ihara, is a free group; and H is the Steinberg representation, or a depth-zero supercuspidal representation, each yielding a different dimension.
Psychological perspectives on mobile media: A flyover review

Psychology-infused research has always been a central section within the literature on mobile media and communication, highlighting the diverse emotional, cognitive, social, and personality processes that can interact with mobile behavior. While past work on the psychology of media and technology has been rooted more in the discipline of Communication than Psychology, more social scientists across disciplines are conducting mobile research with each year going forward. The result is a massive, and arguably scattered, body of knowledge on the psychological predictors, processes, effects, and implications of mobile media use. Despite the breadth of the burgeoning literature, there have been increasing attempts to synthesize this wide-ranging work (Bayer et al., 2016; Cumiskey & Ling, 2015; Ellis, 2020; Kushlev & Leitao, 2020; Melumad & Pham, 2020; Ross & Campbell, 2021; Wilmer et al., 2017). That said, it is unclear how much psychologically tuned research has been published in Mobile Media & Communication (MMC) so far. In this short review, we evaluate the prevalence of psychological work in MMC by completing a flyover of article abstracts published during the journal’s 10-year history. We then identify the core themes within this set of articles, extracting the guiding perspectives that drive research on the psychology of mobile media. To conclude, we reconsider the
Global $C^{1}$ regularity of the value function in optimal stopping problems

We show that if either the process is strong Feller and the boundary point is probabilistically regular for the stopping set, or the process is strong Markov and the boundary point is probabilistically regular for the interior of the stopping set, then the boundary point is Green regular for the stopping set. Combining this implication with the existence of a continuously differentiable flow of the process we show that the value function is continuously differentiable at the optimal stopping boundary whenever the gain function is so. The derived fact holds both in the parabolic and elliptic case of the boundary value problem under the sole hypothesis of probabilistic regularity of the optimal stopping boundary, thus improving upon known analytic results in the PDE literature, and establishing the fact for the first time in the case of integro-differential equations. The method of proof is purely probabilistic and conceptually simple. Examples of application include the first known probabilistic proof of the fact that the time derivative of the value function in the American put problem is continuous across the optimal stopping boundary.
The Gal4-Type Transcription Factor Pro1 Integrates Inputs from Two Different MAPK Cascades to Regulate Development in the Fungal Pathogen Fusarium oxysporum

Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways control fundamental aspects of growth and development in fungi. In the soil-inhabiting ascomycete Fusarium oxysporum, which causes vascular wilt disease in more than a hundred crops, the MAPKs Fmk1 and Mpk1 regulate an array of developmental and virulence-related processes. The downstream components mediating these disparate functions are largely unknown. Here we find that the GATA-type transcription factor Pro1 integrates signals from both MAPK pathways to control a subset of functions, including quorum sensing, hyphal fusion and chemotropism. By contrast, Pro1 is dispensable for other downstream processes such as invasive hyphal growth and virulence, or response to cell wall stress. We further show that regulation of Pro1 activity by these upstream pathways occurs at least in part at the level of transcription. Besides the MAPK pathways, upstream regulators of Pro1 transcription also include the Velvet regulatory complex, the signaling protein Soft (Fso1) and the transcription factor Ste12 which was previously shown to act downstream of Fmk1. Collectively, our results reveal a role of Pro1 in integrating the outputs from different signaling pathways of F. oxysporum thereby mediating key developmental decisions in this important fungal pathogen.
Coefficients for Higher Order Hochschild Cohomology

When studying deformations of an $A$-module $M$, Laudal and Yau showed that one can consider 1-cocycles in the Hochschild cohomology of $A$ with coefficients in the bi-module $End_k(M). $ With this in mind, the use of higher order Hochschild (co)homology, presented by Pirashvili and Anderson, to study deformations seems only natural though the current definition allows only symmetric bi-module coefficients. In this paper we present an extended definition for higher order Hochschild cohomology which allows multi-module coefficients (when the simplicial sets $X_{\bullet}$ are accommodating) which agrees with the current definition. Furthermore we determine the types of modules that can be used as coefficients for the Hochschild cochain complexes based on the simplicial sets they are associated to.
Ample line bundles, global generation and $K_0$ on quasi-projective derived schemes

The purpose of this note is to extend some classical results on quasi-projective schemes to the setting of derived algebraic geometry. Namely, we want to show that any vector bundle on a derived scheme admitting an ample line bundle can be twisted to be globally generated. Moreover, we provide a presentation of $K^0(X)$ as the Grothendieck group of vector bundles modulo exact sequences on any quasi-projective derived scheme $X$.
Ramification of the Eigencurve at Classical RM Points

Abstract J. Bellaïche and M. Dimitrov showed that the $p$ -adic eigencurve is smooth but not étale over the weight space at $p$ -regular theta series attached to a character of a real quadratic field $F$ in which $p$ splits. In this paper we prove the existence of an isomorphism between the subring fixed by the Atkin–Lehner involution of the completed local ring of the eigencurve at these points and a universal ring representing a pseudo-deformation problem. Additionally, we give a precise criterion for which the ramification index is exactly 2. We finish this paper by proving the smoothness of the nearly ordinary and ordinary Hecke algebras for Hilbert modular forms over $F$ at the overconvergent cuspidal Eisenstein points, being the base change lift for $\text{GL}(2)_{/F}$ of these theta series. Our approach uses deformations and pseudo-deformations of reducible Galois representations.
A birational invariant for algebraic group actions

We construct a birational invariant for certain algebraic group actions. We use this invariant to classify linear representations of finite abelian groups up to birational equivalence, thus answering, in a special case, a question of E.B. Vinberg and giving a family of counterexamples to a related conjecture of P.I. Katsylo. We also give a new proof of a theorem of M. Lorenz on birational equivalence of quantum tori (in a slightly expanded form) by applying our invariant in the setting of PGL n -varieties.
Regularity of the minimiser of one-dimensional interaction energies

We consider both the minimisation of a class of nonlocal interaction energies over non-negative measures with unit mass and a class of singular integral equations of the first kind of Fredholm type. Our setting covers applications to dislocation pile-ups, contact problems, fracture mechanics and random matrix theory. Our main result shows that both the minimisation problems and the related singular integral equations have the same unique solution, which provides new regularity results on the minimiser of the energy and new positivity results on the solutions to singular integral equations.