Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Consumo hídrico da rúcula em cultivo hidropônico NFT utilizando Rejeitos de dessalinizador em Ibimirim-PE

1 RESUMO O consumo de aguas salinas pelas plantas na maioria dos casos afetam o rendimento das culturas em suas diversas fases prejudicando desenvolvimento e producao . O trabalho avaliou o consumo hidrico da rucula (Eruca sativa) em sistema hidroponico NFT com aguas salinas. Foram analisados seis niveis crescentes de salinidade da agua (CEa), quais sejam: 0,2; 1,2; 2,2; 3,2; 4,2 e 5,2 (dS m -1 ) utilizaram-se duas fontes de sais: aguas salobras (AS) e NaCl. Foi determinado o volume evapotranspirado por planta (V ETc ) no sistema durante o cultivo. O consumo hidrico nos primeiros dias apos transplantio foi de 250 mL dia -1 aproximadamente para ambas as testemunhas e decresceram com o aumento da salinidade, a eficiencia de utilizacao da agua foi reduzida revelando uma resposta linear decrescente em funcao da salinidade ocorrendo uma resposta negativa das plantas que apresentaram uma reducao na quantidade de folhas de 3,34%. Palavras-chave: Salinidade, evapotranspiracao, hidroponia RUCOLA WATER CONSUMPTION IN NFT HYDROPONICS USING WASTEWATER DESALINATOR IN IBIMIRIM, PE (BRAZIL) 2 ABSTRACT Saline water consumption by plants in most cases affects crops yield in their various stages hampering development and production. The study evaluated rucola (Eruca sativa) water consumption in NFT hydroponic system using saline water. We analyzed six increasing levels of salinity (electrical conductivity), which are: 0.2; 1.2; 2.2; 3.2; 4.2 and 5.2 dS m-1, two salt sources were used, brackish waters (AS) and NaCl. Volume was determined by plant evapotranspiration (VETc) in the system during cultivation. The water consumption during the first days after transplantation decreased with the increase of salinity levels. The amount of water was 250 mL day-1 for treatment without saline water. The water efficiency was reduced revealing a linear decreasing function of salinity occurring in a negative response of plants showing a reduction of sheets number of 3.34%. Keywords: Salinity, evapotranspiration, hydroponics
Anthropogenic impacts on continental surface water fluxes

Impacts of reservoirs and irrigation water withdrawals on continental surface water fluxes are studied within the framework of the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) model for a part of North America, and for Asia. A reservoir model, designed for continental‐scale simulations, is developed and implemented in the VIC model. The model successfully simulates irrigation water requirements, and captures the main effects of reservoir operations and irrigation water withdrawals on surface water fluxes, although consumptive irrigation water use is somewhat underestimated. For the North American region, simulated irrigation water requirements and consumptive irrigation water uses are 191 and 98 km3year−1, while the corresponding numbers for the Asian region are 810 and 509 km3year−1, respectively. The consumptive uses represent a decrease in river discharge of 4.2 percent for the North American region, and 2.8 percent for the Asian region. The largest monthly decrease is about 30 percent, for the area draining the Western USA in June. The maximum monthly increase in streamflow (28 percent) is in March for the Asian Arctic region.
Descripción, origen y expansión de Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

En la familia Gelechiidae de microlepidopteros hay especies de plagas muy importantes en diversos cultivos. Un grupo de especies dentro de esta familia, incluido en la tribu Gnorimoschemini, causan danos a plantas solanaceas. Destacan entre ellas Phthorimaea operculella, que ataca a la patata y se encuentra distribuida por todo el mundo, Tecia solanivora, plaga de la patata tipica de Centroamerica y que en 1999 se encontro por vez primera en Europa en las islas Canarias, Keiferia lycopersicella, plaga del tomate del sur de Estados Unidos y que recientemente se ha encontrado por vez primera en Europa en el noreste de Italia en 2008 y Tuta absoluta, plaga del tomate procedente de Sudamerica que aparecio por primera vez en Europa en Castellon en 2006. Tuta absoluta se ha expandido con gran rapidez en los ultimos tres anos (2007-2009) por casi todos los paises del mediterraneo excepto el extremo oriental, asi como por muchos paises centroeuropeos. Se exponen, por referencias de trabajos realizados en Sudamerica, datos sobre su morfologia, biologia, ciclo biologico y evolucion estacional, distribucion de puestas y larvas en la planta, asi como danos que causa a las hojas y a los frutos.
Tephra layers as precise chronostratigraphical markers

Abstract Tephra layers provide the stratigrapher with very precise, tangible chronostratigraphical marker horizons. These can be used not only for correlation between specific sequences, but also as a means of assessing the accuracy and resolution of correlations based on more conventional stratigraphical criteria. Such tephrostratigraphical applications are, however, dependent on the recognition of individual tephra layers, to which end a variety of mineralogical and chemical fingerprinting techniques have been developed. Tephra layers also provide a unique opportunity for direct and precise dating of sedimentary sequences. Recent developments in grain-specific dating techniques have greatly increased the precision and applicability of tephra dating, which is now seen as playing an essential role in the refinement of the Phanerozoic time scale. Also, as the resolution of dating techniques approaches that of standard biozones, it is becoming apparent that tephra dates may in themselves provide a means of direct correlation on a global basis; such correlations should be of particular value in resolving problems associated with climatically or geographically controlled faunal provinciality.
THESIS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Enzyme Immobilization in Mesoporous Silica

Enzymes are highly effective and versatile biological catalysts, with a high chemo-, stereoand regioselectivity while operating under mild conditions, such as physiological temperature and pH and atmospheric pressure. Therefore, enzymes are a sustainable alternative to conventional catalysts in organic synthesis processes. They are also used in detergent formulations, in biosensors for analytical and diagnostic purposes, and in biofuel cells. However, the use of enzymes in their native form often results in high costs, low operational stability and difficulties in recovery and reuse. By immobilization of enzymes to a solid support these limitations can be minimized. Mesoporous silica materials are a promising support for enzyme immobilization, offering a large surface area, a narrow pore size distribution and a high stability. Immobilization of enzymes in mesoporous silica has become a popular research topic, but despite the many techniques available, there is still a need for controlled strategies in order to adapt the support to the specific enzyme. It is crucial to better understand how the enzyme is affected by the microenvironment inside the pores and to gain more knowledge about the immobilization process. A major part of this work has been focused on finding suitable mesoporous silica particles customized for an optimal performance of each individual type of enzyme investigated. Enzymes of different character were immobilized in mesoporous silica particles with varied pore size, particle size and particle morphology through physical adsorption. The influence of these parameters on the loading capacity, catalytic activity and reusability of the immobilized enzymes was evaluated. A method to study the microenvironment inside mesoporous silica particles by covalently attaching a pH-probe (SNARF1) to proteins was developed. The results indicate that the immobilized proteins experience an environment inside the pores which is closer to neutral compared to the bulk solution. This approach can be used to characterize the pore environment without perturbing the properties of the material. The immobilization process has been studied directly with quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) by attaching silica particles to the sensor. We have demonstrated that QCM-D is a simple and robust measuring technique for real time study of enzyme immobilization into mesoporous silica particles and that it is a useful complement to conventional indirect measuring techniques. With QCM-D we were also able to follow the co-immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOD) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP), which was done by a combination of immobilization of GOD in mesoporous silica particles followed by adsorption of HRP covalently linked to a polycationic dendronized polymer. A cascade reaction was confirmed with enzymatic activity analysis.
Original Paper

House flies, Musca domestica L. , (Diptera: Muscidae), are pests of poultry and have the ability to develop resistance to insecticides. To design a strategy for resistance management, life history traits based on laboratory observations were established for lambda-cyhalothrin-resistant, susceptible and reciprocal crosses of M. domestica strains. Bioassay results showed that the lambda-cyhalothrin-selected strain developed a resistance ratio of 98.34 compared to its susceptible strain. The lambda-cyhalothrin-selected strain had a relative fitness of 0.26 and lower fecundity, hatch-ability, lower number of next generation larvae, and net reproductive rate compared with its susceptible strain. Mean population growth rates, such as intrinsic rate of population increase, and biotic potential were lower for the lambda-cyhalothrin-selected strain compared to its susceptible strain. Resistance to lambda-cyhalothrin, indoxacarb, and abamectin was unstable while resistance to bifenthrin and methomyl was stable in the lambda-cyhalothrin-selected strain of M. domestica. Development of resistance can cost considerable fitness for the lambda-cyhalothrin-selected strain. The present study provided useful information for making potential management strategies to delay resistance development in M. domestica.
Relating CNNs with brain: Challenges and findings

Conventional neural network models (CNN), loosely inspired by the primate visual system, have been shown to predict neural responses in the visual cortex. However, the relationship between CNNs and the visual system is incomplete due to many reasons. On one hand state of the art CNN architecture is very complex, yet can be fooled by imperceptibly small, explicitly crafted perturbations which makes it hard difficult to map layers of the network with the visual system and to understand what they are doing. On the other hand, we don't know the exact mapping between feature space of the CNNs and the space domain of the visual cortex, which makes it hard to accurately predict neural responses. In this paper we review the challenges and the methods that have been used to predict neural responses in the visual cortex and whole brain as part of The Algonauts Project 2021 Challenge:"How the Human Brain Makes Sense of a World in Motion".
Satellite estimation of aboveground biomass and impacts of forest stand structure

Heterogeneous Amazonian landscapes and complex forest stand structure often make aboveground biomass (AGB) estimation difficult. In this study, spectral mixture analysis was used to convert a Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) image into green vegetation, shade, and soil fraction images. Entropy was used to analyze the complexity of forest stand structure and to examine impacts of different stand structures on TM reflectance data. The relationships between AGB and fraction images or TM spectral signatures were investigated based on successional and primary forests, respectively, and AGB estimation models were developed for both types of forests. Our findings indicate that the AGB estimation models using fraction images perform better for successional forest biomass estimation than using TM spectral signatures. However, both models based on TM spectral signatures and fractions provided poor performance for primary forest biomass estimation. The complex stand structure and associated canopy shadow greatly reduced relationships between AGB and TM reflectance or fraction images.
Health and Quality of Life Outcomes

Background: Patients' health related quality of life (HRQoL) has rarely been systematically monitored in general practice. Electronic tools and practice training might facilitate the routine application of HRQoL questionnaires. Thorough piloting of innovative procedures is strongly recommended before the conduction of large-scale studies. Therefore, we aimed to assess i) the feasibility and acceptance of HRQoL assessment using tablet computers in general practice, ii) the perceived practical utility of HRQoL results and iii) to identify possible barriers hindering wider application of this approach. Methods: Two HRQoL questionnaires (St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire SGRQ and EORTC QLQ-C30) were electronically presented on portable tablet computers. Wireless network (WLAN) integration into practice computer systems of 14 German general practices with varying infrastructure allowed automatic data exchange and the generation of a printout or a PDF file. General practitioners (GPs) and practice assistants were trained in a 1-hour course, after which they could invite patients with chronic diseases to fill in the electronic questionnaire during their waiting time. We surveyed patients, practice assistants and GPs regarding their acceptance of this tool in semi-structured telephone interviews. The number of assessments, HRQoL results and interview
Surface and Subsurface Expressions of Shallow Gas Accumulations in the Southern North Sea

Expressions of shallow gas, either in accumulations or apparently leaking to the near-surface, can be found on 3D seismic surveys as well as on very high frequency acoustic data. A number of different types of seismic anomalies related to leakage have been distinguished in the Netherlands part of the southern North Sea basin. A hypothesis in terms of migration mechanisms is given to explain the different appearances of different gas-chimneys.
Health and Quality of Life Outcomes

Objectives: This proof of concept (POC) study was designed to evaluate the use of an Internet-based bulletin board technology to aid parallel cross-cultural development of thematic content for a new set of patient-reported outcome measures (PROs). Methods: The POC study, conducted in Germany and the United States, utilized Internet Focus Groups (IFGs) to assure the validity of new PRO items across the two cultures – all items were designed to assess the impact of excess facial oil on individuals' lives. The on-line IFG activities were modeled after traditional face-to-face focus groups and organized by a common 'Topic' Guide designed with input from thought leaders in dermatology and health outcomes research. The two sets of IFGs were professionally moderated in the native language of each country. IFG moderators coded the thematic content of transcripts, and a frequency analysis of code endorsement was used to identify areas of content similarity and difference between the two countries. Based on this information, draft PRO items were designed and a majority (80%) of the original participants returned to rate the relative importance of the newly designed questions. Findings: The use of parallel cross-cultural content analysis of IFG transcripts permitted identification of the major content themes in each country as well as exploration of the possible reasons for any observed differences between the countries. Results from coded frequency counts and transcript reviews informed the design and wording of the test questions for the future PRO instrument(s). Subsequent ratings of item importance also deepened our understanding of potential areas of cross-cultural difference, differences that would be explored over the course of future validation studies involving these PROs. Conclusion: The use of IFGs for cross-cultural content development received positive reviews from participants and was found to be both cost and time effective. The novel thematic coding methodology provided an empirical platform on which to develop culturally sensitive questionnaire content using the natural language of participants. Overall, the IFG responses and thematic analyses provided a thorough evaluation of similarities and differences in cross-cultural themes, which in turn acted as a sound base for the development of new PRO questionnaires. Published: 22 September 2006 Health and Quality of Life Outcomes 2006, 4:64 doi:10.1186/1477-7525-4-64 Received: 01 June 2006 Accepted: 22 September 2006 This article is available from: http://www.hqlo. com/content/4/1/64 © 2006 Atkinson et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Health and Quality of Life Outcomes

Background: Research on quality and satisfaction with care during palliative chemotherapy in oncology patients has been limited. The objective was to assess the association between patient's satisfaction with care and symptom severity and to evaluate test-retest of a satisfaction survey in this study population. Methods: A prospective cohort of patients with recurrent gynecologic malignancies receiving chemotherapy were enrolled after a diagnosis of recurrent cancer. Patients completed the Quality of Endof-Life care and satisfaction with treatment scale (QUEST) once upon enrollment in an outpatient setting and again a week later. Patients also completed the Mini-Mental Status Exam, the Hospital Anxiety/ Depression Scale, a symptom severity scale and a demographic survey. Student's t-test, correlation statistics and percent agreement were used for analysis. Results: Data from 39 patients were analyzed. Mean (SD) quality of care summary score was 41.95 (2.75) for physicians and 42.23 (5.42) for nurses (maximum score was 45; p = 0.76 for difference in score between providers). Mean (SD) satisfaction of care summary score was 29.03 (1.92) for physicians and 29.28 (1.70) for nurses (maximum score was 30; p = 0.49 for difference between providers). Test-retest for 33 patients who completed both QUEST surveys had high percent agreement (74–100%), with the exception of the question regarding the provider arriving late (45 and 53%). There was no correlation between quality and satisfaction of care and symptom severity. Weakness was the most common symptom reported. Symptom severity correlated with depression (r = 0.577 p < 0.01). There was a trend towards a larger proportion of patients reporting pain who had three or more prior chemotherapy regimens (p = 0.075). Prior number of chemotherapy regimens or time since diagnosis was not correlated with symptom severity score. Anxiety and depression were correlated with each other (r = 0.711, p < 0.01). There was no difference in symptom severity score at enrollment between those patients who have since died (n = 19) versus those who are still alive. Conclusion: The QUEST Survey has test-retest reliability when used as a written instrument in an outpatient setting. However, there was no correlation between this measure and symptom severity. Patient evaluation of care may be more closely related to the interpersonal aspects of the health care provider relationship than it is to physical symptoms. Published: 30 October 2006 Health and Quality of Life Outcomes 2006, 4:84 doi:10.1186/1477-7525-4-84 Received: 07 August 2006 Accepted: 30 October 2006 This article is available from: http://www.hqlo. com/content/4/1/84 © 2006 von Gruenigen et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Fluvial Modeling of Ventura River Responses to Matilija Dam Removal

A plan has been made to remove Matilija Dam on the Ventura River. With dam removal, the delta in the reservoir and the downstream channel are expected to undergo major changes in morphology. The FLUVIAL-12 model was employed to simulate reservoir and river channel responses after the dam removal. As the first step, the model was calibrated using the Ventura River data to establish its validity. In calibration, the model was used to simulate the fluvial processes starting from the time of dam completion. The simulated sediment deposition above Matilija Dam matches closely with the measured deposits by the U. S. Bureau of Reclamation. A large amount of sediment has been stored in the reservoir; some of the stored sediment will be transported downstream after the dam removal. An important consequence of dam removal is the major increase of sediment release to the river channel downstream. The sediment supply to the downstream reach is not only from the stored sediment in the reservoir but also from natural sediment inflow from the upstream watershed. Therefore, sediment supply to the downstream reach will exceed the natural sediment flow before the dam presence. This situation tends to overload the downstream reach with sediment to result in excessive deposition. The amount of sediment release from the area above the removed dam is closely related to the changes in reservoir morphology. It is necessary to model changes in channel bed profile and in channel width during erosion in order to determine the amount of sediment removal. The amount of sediment release may not be simulated using an erodible-bed model but it may be determined using an erodible boundary model.
Land Use Planning and the Mediation of Urban Change: The British Planning System in Practice

1. Planning in practice: an approach to analysis 2. Policies, instruments and institutional arrangements 3. Civic pride and private capital: land use planning in the city centre 4. The inner city and land use planning 5. Growth management on the urban fringe 6. Industry and environment in open land 7. Interests in land and planning in action 8. Adapting the instruments of planning intervention 9. Institutional arrangements as arenas for interest mediation 10. Policy processes in land use planning 11. Continuity and change in the planning system Appendix.
A reinserção metropolitana e subordinada da Europa Ocidental no pós-Segunda Guerra Mundial

De modelo para o futuro das relações internacionais, a União Europeia, em meio a graves crises e a insurreições populares, vai perdendo a sua aura de superioridade e se revelando um grande engodo. Partindo da definição de Poulantzas de condição metropolitana e subordinada da Europa Ocidental no pós-Segunda Guerra, será discutida a reinserção europeia no centro da acumulação capitalista, porém, subserviente aos Estados Unidos, bem como suas implicações, como o regionalismo e seu viés mais reluzente, a integração econômica via União Europeia. Por meio da leitura do materialismo histórico dentro da Economia Política Internacional sobre esse processo de constituição da União Europeia é possível explicar em grande parte as contradições e encruzilhadas atuais.
Instability of Baroclinic Waves with Bottom Slope

Abstract Pedlosky's theory explaining the behavior of unstable baroclinic waves in the β-plane is modified to include a sloped bottom (although the β effect is ignored). The result found is the same sort of nonlinear oscillatory behavior described by Pedlosky, except in the case of short wavelengths for negative shears. In that case, the theory predicts an initial explosive growth of the wave amplitude, so that it will reach amplitudes that are very large compared with its initial scale. This suggests a possible mechanism for small-scale current fluctuations in the oceans.