Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pharmacological Blockade of TGF-Beta Reduces Renal Interstitial Fibrosis in a Chronic Ischemia–Reperfusion Animal Model

The targeting of transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) has been shown to reduce complications related to ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) post-surgically. Pirfenidone (PFD) specifically inhibits TGF-β expression and has been demonstrated to provide protection from IRI in short-term allograft models, though not yet in long-term models. A chronic unilateral IRI model was established using male Wistar rats. The animals were divided into two groups: one with IRI and a pre-treatment of PFD (0.5 mg/kg) followed by 0.5 mg/kg/day of orally administered PFD for 30 days, and a control group without PFD treatment. A sham group was also included. Kidneys and blood samples were collected after 30 days, and the renal function was evaluated by measuring the serum creatinine and KIM-1 levels. RT-PCR was used to analyze fibrosis-related genes, and Luminex to quantify the pro-inflammatory serum IL-18 cytokine. Renal section staining and histological analysis were used to detect collagen deposits. Comparison within the groups showed an increase in serum creatinine and KIM-1 expression after IRI in the control group, while PFD reduced COLL1A1 and TGF-β expression and demonstrated a reduction in fibrosis through histological stains. The treatment group also showed a reduction in IL-18. Our results suggest that PFD exerts protective effects on chronic renal IRI, reducing fibrosis development and inflammation. This study provides new insights into the treatment and management of chronic renal function loss after IRI.
Hyperspectral image mixed noise removal via tensor robust principal component analysis with tensor-ring decomposition

ABSTRACT Due to the instability of sensors and other factors, hyperspectral images (HSIs) are inevitably polluted by various types of mixed noise. To explore a better denoising method based on the existing research, combining the denoising advantages of tensor-ring (TR) decomposition and tensor robust principal component analysis (TRPCA), a mixed-noise removal method for HSIs is proposed in this paper. First, TRPCA maintains the tensor structure of the image itself, accurately recovers the low-rank part and the sparse part from their sum and separates the sparse noise in the form of sparse tensors. Then, TR decomposition is introduced to denoise the low-rank tensors. To verify the effectiveness and superiority of this method, experiments are carried out on two simulated data sets and two real data sets. Compared with the traditional denoising methods and several existing improved denoising methods from both visual and quantitative aspects, the proposed TRPCA-TR method provides better denoising results.
The characterization of the total stress of concentrated suspensions of noncolloidal spheres in Newtonian fluids

The total stress of a concentrated suspension of noncolloidal spheres in a Newtonian fluid was characterized by independent measurements in viscometric flows. Using a suspension balance formulation, the normal stress in the vorticity direction (Σ33) for a suspension undergoing simple shear was extracted from Acrivos et al.’s [Int. J. Multiphase Flow 19, 797 (1993)] resuspension data in a Couette device. Employing a new correlation for the relative viscosity μr which obeys the Einstein relation in the dilute limit while diverging at random close packing, it was found that Σ33/τ (where τ is the magnitude of the shear stress) was a strong function of the solid volume fraction φ, scaling as φ3e2. 34φ. The relative viscosity, measured in a parallel plate viscometer, was in good agreement with the proposed correlation, while the normal stress differences N1 and N2 for concentrated suspensions (φ=0.30–0.55) were characterized using parallel plate and cone-and-plate geometries, as well as laser profilometry measur.
Size and Fit Recommendations for Cold Start Customers in Fashion E-Commerce

Fashion e-commerce is expected to grow rapidly over the next few years. One of the main hurdles in fashion e-commerce is to recommend the right size to customers which helps customers in having a better online shopping experience. Hence Size and fit recommendation is an important problem which helps improve the confidence of a customer for making a purchase on an e-commerce platform. This also reduces the returns in fashion e-commerce. In this work we propose a novel bayesian probabilistic approach for non-personalised product size recommendation for customers. We use maximum likelihood estimation for estimating the parameters of our model. We use customer purchase and returns history to infer the true product size. Given a product we provide size recommendations to a customer, i.e. we suggest a customer to buy a size small, large or same size. In experiments with flipkart shoes datasets our model leads to an improvement of 3-4% AUC over the existing baseline. In Online AB testing for flipkart shoes categories our approach shows a performance improvement of returns by 12- 24 bps.
Alfvén-wave transmission and test-particle acceleration in parallel relativistic shocks

Alfven-wave transmission through super-Alfvenic parallel relativistic shock waves is studied. We calculate the wave transmission coecients for given shock properties. We show (i) that the Alfven waves downstream the shock wave are propa- gating predominantly anti-parallel to the flow direction for low-Mach-number shocks, as in the case of non-relativistic shocks; and (ii) that for high-Mach-number ultra-relativistic shocks the forward and backward downstream waves are in equipartition. For low Alfvenic Mach numbers, the scattering center compression ratio of the shock, thus, becomes large and the spectral index of accelerated test particles approaches the limit ! 1 at shock waves approaching the critical value of the quasi-Newtonian Alfvenic Mach number (i.e., the ratio of upstream fluid and Alfven proper speeds), which depends on the shock properties, and equals the square root of the compression ratio at the test-wave limit. Although the inclusion of the wave electromagnetic and velocity fields to the shock jump conditions is likely to decrease the scattering-center compression ratio for shocks with critical Mach numbers, values significantly above the gas compression ratio can be expected for such shocks. Particle acceleration in weak relativistic shocks propagating in magnetized astrophysical jets may, therefore, be substantially more ecient than predicted by models neglecting turbulent electric fields.
A note on the homogenized lie superalgebra osp(l, 2)

The homogenization of a superenveloping algebra is Auslander regular iff this enveloping algebra is a domain. This note determines points and lines in the quantum space of the homogenized envelope of the classical simple Lie superalgebra osp(l,2). It is also concerned with homogenized sl(2), which is graded embedded in homogenized osp(l,2), and describes the conies in the associated quantum space.
Wedding Concept Management

The purpose of this research is to explain the management of the wedding sector. The method used descriptive qualitative method with a study case. The results show that the wedding ceremony is a sacred ceremony, which unites two people in a marriage oath by formalizing marriage ties in accordance with religious norms, legal norms, and social norms. In today's digital era, everyone needs service that is easy to do and also easily available, including wedding plan. That is because at this time, people prefer to hold a wedding reception with the help of the organizer because of time and convenience reasons. As a conclusion, this research shown that informants prefer to order wedding planners in an easier way, by first monitoring the wedding organizers through the web they provide.
Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoneedles with Hierarchical Structure for Controllable Catalytic Activity of 4-Nitrophenol Reduction

Catalyst systems with high catalytic activity and sustainability are highly desirable. Here, we report a design for catalytic composites with a hierarchical structure in which polydopamine (PD), multi-metallic nanocatalysts and iron oxide nanoneedles are successively deposited on a magnetic core. PD layers with various thicknesses are coated onto the magnetic core and serve as a template by which to take up multi-metallic nanocatalysts such as Au, Ag and Pt nanoparticles. The iron oxide nanoneedles act as spacers, preventing the nanocomposite from aggregating and increasing the surface area of the composite. The distinctive structures of the controllable template, the multi-metallic catalysts and needle-like layers enable the rapid migration of reactive ionic species and enhance catalytic ability via the synergistic effect of the multi-metallic nanocatalysts and iron oxide nanoneedles. Moreover, due to the strong magnetic property of the catalytic nanocomposites, they can be easily recovered with an external magnet and reused. Our hierarchical nanocomposites for recyclable nanocatalysts provide a new design concept for highly efficient catalysts.
Spin property improvement of boron vacancy defect in hexagonal boron nitride by thermal treatment

Negatively charged boron vacancy (V B –) in hexagonal boron nitride has attracted attention as a promising spin defect for quantum sensing applications. Hence, a fabrication method for generation of V B – with superior spin properties would be desirable. In this study, we demonstrated V B – formation by two thermal treatment methods. Both methods improve the signal-to-noise ratio of optically detected magnetic resonance signal by a factor of 4. Furthermore, a zero-field splitting parameter E which reflects crystal distortion after irradiation significantly reduces for irradiation above 650 °C. These findings indicate that thermal treatment is an effective method for a V B – based quantum sensor.
Reflection and refraction of the evanescent plane wave on plane interfaces

Both the reflection and the refraction of a harmonic evanescent plane wave on an isotropic immersed layer are dealt with. Theoretical results are compared with experimental data. A bulk inhomogeneous (or evanescent) plane wave is generated in water by transmission through a prism made in an absorbing material. By using this method, the generated plane wave exhibits planes of constant amplitude orthogonal to the planes of constant phase. The incident wave propagates in the phase direction and is attenuated in its orthogonal direction. This wave is then reflected and transmitted by an isotropic and nonabsorbing layer. The most important result is the observation of reflection and transmission coefficients greater than unity. This effect agrees with the evanescent plane wave theory.
The angular momentum of galaxies.

The tidal interaction picture is applied to elliptical and spiral galaxies. It gives the correct amount of angular momentum for our Galaxy. Monte Carlo calculations are used to predict the distribution of total angular momenta for galaxies of a given mass (or luminosity). The observational data are in good agreement with the predicted individual distribution shapes and also with systematic properties with mass. The data are consistent with a dissipationless collapse for elliptical galaxies. The tidal theory predicts a distribution of relative sizes for elliptical galaxies at a given absolute magnitude in agreement with Fish's observations, but for spiral galaxies predicts too many high-surface-brightness small-scale-length disks. For tidal interactions to produce the correct amount of angular momentum, most of the mass in the universe must be contributed by galaxies and their halos and not by some smooth diffuse component.
Endurance performance of transmissive liquid crystal phase and polarization controllers for kW-class high-power lasers

This study developed a Liquid Crystal (LC) device that incorporated lasers for machining with output power of the order of kW. The use of sapphire as a substrate along with an appropriate cooling system facilitated the LCs in enabling the control of the phase and polarization of high-power laser light, which is not possible in case of conventional LCs. The exposure of LCs to high-power laser light results in heat accumulation, which causes the destruction of the LC cells. As photochemical damage has a lower occurrence probability at longer wavelengths, the promotion of heat radiation is an important strategy for the application of LCs to near infrared laser beams. The phase control of laser beams up to 6 kW was achieved using the proposed LC substrate as a cooling plate and optimizing the cooling system. Moreover, we compensated for the variation in the properties of the LC with temperature via adjustments to the drive voltage of the LC.
Deoxynivalenol in food and feed: Recent advances in decontamination strategies

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a mycotoxin that contaminates animal feed and crops around the world. DON not only causes significant economic losses, but can also lead diarrhea, vomiting, and gastroenteritis in humans and farm animals. Thus, there is an urgent need to find efficient approaches for DON decontamination in feed and food. However, physical and chemical treatment of DON may affect the nutrients, safety, and palatability of food. By contrast, biological detoxification methods based on microbial strains or enzymes have the advantages of high specificity, efficiency, and no secondary pollution. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the recently developed strategies for DON detoxification and classify their mechanisms. In addition, we identify remaining challenges in DON biodegradation and suggest research directions to address them. In the future, an in-depth understanding of the specific mechanisms through which DON is detoxified will provide an efficient, safe, and economical means for the removal of toxins from food and feed.
Optimización basada en Mallas Variables: Caso de estudio Viajante de Comercio

A proposal is presented in this paper to implement the meta- heuristic Variable Mesh Optimization (VMO) at discrete Traveling Salesman Problem(TSP), where this model explores the search space from a population of solutions called mesh expands and contracts in order to find solutions of good quality. In this context the operator of expansion so as to be applicable in a discrete domain , making combinations between the solutions in order to obtain new nodes is changed. Another element that is changed is the operator of clearing , which is responsible for maintaining the diversity of the mesh in each interaction . A study of VMO model parameters using a set of TSP instances with different carcteristicas summarized in this paper, in addition, we can see that the purpose of this paper obtains competitive results when compared with others international reference algorithms mentioned in the statement of art.
Mathematical Modelling of Cervical Precancerous Lesion Grade Risk Scores: Linear Regression Analysis of Cellular Protein Biomarkers and Human Papillomavirus E6/E7 RNA Staining Patterns

The current practice of determining histologic grade with a single molecular biomarker can facilitate differential diagnosis but cannot predict the risk of lesion progression. Cancer is caused by complex mechanisms, and no single biomarker can both make accurate diagnoses and predict progression risk. Modelling using multiple biomarkers can be used to derive scores for risk prediction. Mathematical models (MMs) may be capable of making predictions from biomarker data. Therefore, this study aimed to develop MM–based scores for predicting the risk of precancerous cervical lesion progression and identifying precancerous lesions in patients in northern Thailand by evaluating the expression of multiple biomarkers. The MMs (Models 1–5) were developed in the test sample set based on patient age range (five categories) and biomarker levels (cortactin, p16INK4A, and Ki–67 by immunohistochemistry [IHC], and HPV E6/E7 ribonucleic acid (RNA) by in situ hybridization [ISH]). The risk scores for the prediction of cervical lesion progression (“risk biomolecules”) ranged from 2.56–2.60 in the normal and low–grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) cases and from 3.54–3.62 in cases where precancerous lesions were predicted to progress. In Model 4, 23/86 (26.7%) normal and LSIL cases had biomolecule levels that suggested a risk of progression, while 5/86 (5.8%) cases were identified as precancerous lesions. Additionally, histologic grading with a single molecular biomarker did not identify 23 cases with risk, preventing close patient monitoring. These results suggest that biomarker level–based risk scores are useful for predicting the risk of cervical lesion progression and identifying precancerous lesion development. This multiple biomarker–based strategy may ultimately have utility for predicting cancer progression in other contexts.
54.2: High‐fidelity model‐driven deep learning network for phase‐only computer‐generated holography

The combination of computer‐generated holography (CGH) and deep learning has opened the possibility to generate both realtime and high‐quality holograms. However, the widely‐used data‐driven deep learning method faces the limitation of the labeled training datasets. To address the above challenges, we propose model‐driven neural networks for high‐fidelity and high‐speed phase‐only hologram (POH) generation. The Fresnel diffraction model is introduced as the constraint to train the networks. Furthermore, the improvements of the network architecture and diffraction model effectively improve the reconstruction quality. High‐fidelity full‐color optical reconstructions of the 4K holograms have been achieved.
Pre-Vaccination Human Papillomavirus Genotypes and HPV16 Variants among Women Aged 25 Years or Less with Cervical Cancer

Background: In 2007, Australia introduced a national human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination program. In 2017, the onset of cervical screening changed from 18 to 25 years of age, utilising human papillomavirus (HPV) nucleic acid testing. The objective of the study is to describe the HPV genotypes and HPV16 variants in biopsies from women ≤ 25 years of age with cervical carcinoma (CC) (cases), compared with those aged >25 years (controls), in a pre-vaccination cohort. Methods: HPV genotyping of archival paraffin blocks (n = 96) was performed using the INNO-LiPA HPV Genotyping assay. HPV16-positive samples were analysed for variants by type-specific PCR spanning L1, E2 and E6 regions. Results: HPV16 was the commonest genotype in cases (54.5%, 12/22) and controls (66.7%, 46/69) (p = 0.30), followed by HPV18 (36.3%, 8/22 vs. 17.3% 12/69, respectively) (p = 0.08). Furthermore, 90% (20/22) of cases and 84.1% (58/69) of controls were positive for HPV16 or 18 (p = 0.42); 100% (22/22) of cases and 95.7% (66/69) of controls had at least one genotype targeted by the nonavalent vaccine (p = 0.3). The majority of HPV16 variants (87.3%, 48/55) were of European lineage. The proportion of unique nucleotide substitutions was significantly higher in cases (83.3%, 10/12) compared with controls (34.1%, 15/44), (p < 0.003, χ2, OR 9.7, 95%CI 1.7–97.7). Conclusions: Virological factors may account for the differences in CCs observed in younger compared with older women. All CCs in young women in this study had preventable 9vHPV types, which is important messaging for health provider adherence to new cervical screening guidelines.
Wheel wear prediction for high speed railway vehicles during acceleration

Wheel wear prediction for high-speed railway vehicles during the acceleration process is of great importance for the improvement of operating characteristics and the development of friction management strategy near the railway station, especially in complex climatic environments. This work analyzes and predicts the wheel wear evolution of high-speed motor cars during acceleration. Firstly, detailed dynamic models of the high-speed motor car are developed, in which a comprehensive gear transmission system is also adopted to capture the accurate dynamic responses of the motor car. Secondly, the length of the simulated track interval with different friction coefficients is set according to the Gaussian distribution function to consider the influence of the friction coefficient. Moreover, a Proportional-Integral(PI) creep controller is also introduced to meet the challenge due to varying wheel-rail contact conditions, and a wheel wear prediction model based on the aforementioned submodels is established to obtain the wheel wear evolution. Finally, simulation results of dynamic responses from the vehicle dynamic model and wheel wear prediction procedure are compared with the measured field data. The results show that the time-varying meshing stiffness from the gear transmission system will aggravate the interaction between wheel and rail and deteriorate the wheel wear. When the high-speed motor car passes through a poor adhesion zone in the acceleration, it is easier to trigger the creep controller at the low-speed period while it will not occur at the high-speed period.
The Identification of Immune-Related Biomarkers for Osteoarthritis Immunotherapy Based on Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Analysis

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic musculoskeletal disease affecting approximately 500 million people worldwide. Globally, OA is one of the most common and leading causes of disability. Several genetic factors are involved in OA, including inherited genes, genetic susceptibility, and genetic predisposition. As the pathogenesis of OA is unknown, there are almost no effective treatments available to prevent the onset or progression of the disease. In recent years, many researchers focused on bioinformatics analysis to explore new biomarkers for the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of human diseases. In this work, we obtain the traditional RNA sequencing data of OA patients from the GEO database. By performing the differentially expressed analysis, we successfully obtain the genes that are closely associated with the OA. In addition, the Venn diagram was applied to evaluate the genes that are involved in OA and immune-related genes. The protein-protein interaction analysis was further conducted to explore the hub genes. The single-cell RNA sequencing analysis was used to evaluate the expression distribution of the MMP, VEGFA, SPI1, and IRF8 in synovial tissues of patients with osteoarthritis. Finally, the GSVA enrichment analysis discovered the potential pathways involved in OA patients. Our analysis provides a new direction for the exploration of the process of OA patients. In addition, VEGFA may be considered a promising biomarker in OA.
The Tornado Warning Process: A Review of Current Research, Challenges, and Opportunities

With the unusually violent tornado season of 2011, there has been a renewed national interest, through such programs as NOAA's Weather Ready Nation initiative, to reevaluate and improve our tornado warning process. This literature review provides an interdisciplinary, end-to-end examination of the tornado warning process. Following the steps outlined by the Integrated Warning System, current research in tornado prediction and detection, the warning decision process, warning dissemination, and public response are reviewed, and some of the major challenges for improving each stage are highlighted. The progress and challenges in multi-day to short-term tornado prediction are discussed, followed by an examination of tornado detection, focused primarily upon the contributions made by weather radar and storm spotters. Next is a review of the warning decision process and the challenges associated with dissemination of the warning, followed by a discussion of the complexities associated with understanding public .