Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Three-dimensional instabilities of quasi-solitary waves in a falling liquid film

Abstract The stability of $\def \xmlpi #1{}\def \mathsfbi #1{\boldsymbol {\mathsf {#1}}}\let \le =\leqslant \let \leq =\leqslant \let \ge =\geqslant \let \geq =\geqslant \def \Pr {\mathit {Pr}}\def \Fr {\mathit {Fr}}\def \Rey {\mathit {Re}}\gamma _2$ travelling waves at the surface of a film flow down an inclined plane is considered experimentally and numerically. These waves are fast, one-humped and quasi-solitary. They undergo a three-dimensional secondary instability if the flow rate (or Reynolds number) is sufficiently high. Rugged or scallop wave patterns are generated by the interplay between a short-wave and a long-wave instability mode. The short-wave mode arises in the capillary region of the wave, with a mechanism of capillary origin which is similar to the Rayleigh–Plateau instability, whereas the long-wave mode deforms the entire wave and is triggered by a Rayleigh–Taylor instability. Rugged waves are observed at relatively small inclination angles. At larger angles, the long-wave mode predominates and scallop waves are observed. For a water film the transition between rugged and scallop waves occurs for an inclination angle around 12°.
The shell model as a unified view of nuclear structure

The last decade has witnessed both quantitative and qualitative progress in shell-model studies, which have resulted in remarkable gains in our understanding of the structure of the nucleus. Indeed, it is now possible to diagonalize matrices in determinantal spaces of dimensionality up to 10{sup 9} using the Lanczos tridiagonal construction, whose formal and numerical aspects are analyzed in this review. In addition, many new approximation methods have been developed in order to overcome the dimensionality limitations. New effective nucleon-nucleon interactions have been constructed that contain both two- and three-body contributions. The former are derived from realistic potentials (i.e., potentials consistent with two-nucleon data). The latter incorporate the pure monopole terms necessary to correct the bad saturation and shell-formation properties of the realistic two-body forces. This combination appears to solve a number of hitherto puzzling problems. The present review concentrates on those results which illustrate the global features of the approach: the universality of the effective interaction and the capacity of the shell model to describe simultaneously all the manifestations of the nuclear dynamics, either single-particle or collective in nature. The review also treats in some detail the problems associated with rotational motion, the origin of quenching of the Gamow-Teller transitions,more » double-{beta} decays, the effect of isospin nonconserving nuclear forces, and the specificities of neutron-rich nuclei. Many other calculations--which appear to have 'merely' spectroscopic interest--are touched upon briefly, although the authors are fully aware that much of the credibility of the shell model rests on them. « less
CARMA λ = 1 cm Spectral Line Survey of Orion-KL

Orion-KL is a well-known high-mass star-forming region that has long been the target of spectral line surveys and searches for complex molecules. One spectral window where the region had never been surveyed is around wavelengths of λ = 1 cm. This is an important window to observe, due to the fundamental and low energy transitions of numerous complex molecules that indicate the maximum spatial extent of the molecular species; knowing the spatial distribution of a molecule aids in determining the formation mechanism(s) of that molecule. Additionally, there are fewer transitions in this window, reducing confusion caused by blended lines that can be very problematic at shorter wavelengths ( mm). In this work, we present the first spectral line survey at λ = 1 cm of the Orion-KL region. A total of 89 transitions were detected from 14 molecular species and isotopologues, and two atomic species. The observations were conducted with the Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-wave Astronomy in both interferometric and single dish modes.
Non-fragile filtering for delayed semi-Markov jump systems with non-linear perturbation using event-triggered scheme

This paper studies the non-fragile H ∞ filter design problem for a class of delayed semi-Markov jump systems with non-linear perturbation under event-triggered strategy. By applying the Lyapunov stability theory and matrix integral inequalities, sufficient conditions for the stochastic stability and H ∞ performance of the filtering error system are obtained. Then, a co-design method of the filter parameters and event-triggered matrices is developed. Finally, two simulation results are given to illustrate the usefulness of the proposed scheme.
Stock Trend Forecasting Using the ARIMA Model

Stocks have always been a very important tool in the investment market. Nowadays, the stock market attracts a large number of investors as more and more people are exposed to investing their money. One of the most attractive features of equities for investors is the high returns, however, the high risks are also affecting investors’ confidence. Therefore, predicting the long-term performance of the stock market can lower the risk and give investors more ideas on how to invest and help them understand the future trend of their preferred stocks, thus reducing their risk rate. In this paper, the author proposed a stock predicting method based on the closing prices of Ford Motor Company over the past 50 years. In the selection of the model, the ADF test was utilized and by analyzing the dataset, the author demonstrated that the stock closing price is a non-stationary series and therefore the ARIMA model is selected. After differencing the series, a stationary series was obtained, and the best parameter was chosen based on Auto-ARIMA analyses. Furthermore, the author obtained the long-term trend graph based on the model output and analyzed the accuracy of the prediction results by RMSE and MAPE tests. In addition, by bringing data from other stock markets into the experiment, it is evident that the ARIMA model can be effective when predicting long-term trend of stocks and is able to be used as a method to forecast stock prices.
The Use of CBCT in Evaluating the Health and Pathology of the Maxillary Sinus

The use of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) has been increasing in dental practice. This narrative review summarized the relevance and utilizations of CBCT to visualize anatomical structures of the maxillary sinus and common pathologies found in the maxillary sinus. The detection/visualization rate, the location and the morphometric characteristics were described. For sinus anatomy, the reviewed features included the posterior superior alveolar artery, sinus pneumatization, sinus hypoplasia, sinus septa, and primary and accessory sinus ostia. For pathology, the following items were reviewed: membrane thickening associated with periapical lesions/periodontal lesions, mucous retention cyst, and antrolith. The visualization and assessment of the maxillary sinus is very important prior to procedures that take place in close proximity with the sinus floor, such as tooth extraction, implant insertion, and sinus floor elevation. Some sinus pathologies may be associated with odontogenic lesions, such as periapical diseases and periodontal bone loss.
Effect of gravitational lensing on the distribution of gravitational waves from distant binary black hole mergers

The detailed observation of the distribution of redshifts and chirp masses of binary black hole mergers is expected to provide a clue to their origin. In this paper, we develop a hybrid model of the probability distribution function of gravitational lensing magnification taking account of both strong and weak gravitational lensing, and use it to study the effect of gravitational lensing magnification on the distribution of gravitational waves from distant binary black hole mergers detected in ongoing and future gravitational wave observations. We find that the effect of gravitational lensing magnification is significant at high ends of observed chirp mass and redshift distributions. While a high mass tail in the observed chirp mass distribution is produced by highly magnified gravitational lensing events, we find that highly demagnified images of strong lensing events produce a high redshift ($z_{\rm obs}> 15$) tail in the observed redshift distribution, which can easily be observed in the third-generation gravitational wave observatories. Such a demagnified, apparently high redshift event is expected to be accompanied by a magnified image that is observed typically $10-100$ days before the demagnified image. For highly magnified events that produce apparently very high chirp masses, we expect pairs of events with similar magnifications with time delays typically less than a day. This work suggests the critical importance of gravitational lensing (de-)magnification on the interpretation of apparently very high mass or redshift gravitational wave events.
Automatic Sentiment Annotation of Idiomatic Expressions for Sentiment Analysis Task

Social media users use words and phrases to convey their views or opinions. However, some people use idioms or proverbs that are implicit and indirect to make a stronger impression on the audience or perhaps catch their attention by utilizing funny, sarcastic, or metaphorical phrases. Idioms and proverbs are figurative expressions with a thematically coherent totality that cannot be understood literally. In previous work, the extension of IBM’s Sentiment Lexicon of Idiomatic Expressions was proposed to include around 9,000 idioms; a crowdsourcing service manually annotates both lexicons. Therefore, in this research, we provide a knowledge-based expansion approach to avoid human annotation of idioms. For sentiment classification, the proposed method has the advantage that it does not require any fine-tuning for the BERT model. Experimental comparisons show that automated idiom enrichment and annotation are very beneficial for the performance of the sentiment classifier. The expanded annotated lexicon will be made available to the general public.
Cassava Leaf Disease Classification Based On CNN

Cassava, a key food security crop in Africa, can provide a large amount of carbohydrates, which is widely grown in Africa. This kind of crop has been disturbed by viral diseases for a long time, which is the main reason for low production. The symptoms of cassava diseases can be reflected in their leaves but artificial visual diagnosis of diseases is inefficient. In order to get rid of this inefficient method, it is important to establish a model to automatically diagnose cassava by using the captured crop images to help farmers save their crops. Convolutional neural network has a good performance in image classification. Based on the research of Kaiming He et al. on residual convolution network, this paper trains the image dataset of cassava leaves from Kaggle by residual networks and then compares the classification effects by using different layers. Moreover, data augmentation and Focalloss function are used to optimize the model, which achieve better performance.
Electron-phonon coupling and pairing mechanism in $\beta$--Bi$_2$Pd centrosymmetric superconductor

We report first-principles calculations of the superconducting properties of $\beta$--Bi$_2$Pd within the fully anisotropic Migdal-Eliashberg formalism. We find a single anisotropic superconducting gap of $s$--wave symmetry which varies in magnitude on the different regions of the Fermi surface. The calculated superconducting energy gap on the Fermi surface, the superconducting transition temperature, the specific heat, and the quasi-particle density of states are in good agreement with the corresponding experimental results and support the view that $\beta$--Bi$_2$Pd is a phonon-mediated single anisotropic gap superconductor.
Comparison of Prognostic Value of 10 Biochemical Indices at Admission for Prediction Postoperative Myocardial Injury and Hospital Mortality in Patients with Osteoporotic Hip Fracture

Aim: To evaluate the prognostic impact at admission of 10 biochemical indices for prediction postoperative myocardial injury (PMI) and/or hospital death in hip fracture (HF) patients. Methods: In 1273 consecutive patients with HF (mean age 82.9 ± 8.7 years, 73.5% women), clinical and laboratory parameters were collected prospectively, and outcomes were recorded. Multiple logistic regression and receiver-operating characteristic analyses (the area under the curve, AUC) were preformed, the number needed to predict (NNP) outcome was calculated. Results: Age ≥ 80 years and IHD were the most prominent clinical factors associated with both PMI (with cardiac troponin I rise) and in-hospital death. PMI occurred in 555 (43.6%) patients and contributed to 80.3% (49/61) of all deaths (mortality rate 8.8% vs. 1.9% in non-PMI patients). The most accurate biochemical predictive markers were parathyroid hormone > 6.8 pmol/L, urea > 7.5 mmol/L, 25(OH)vitamin D < 25 nmol/L, albumin < 33 g/L, and ratios gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) to alanine aminotransferase > 2.5, urea/albumin ≥ 2.0 and GGT/albumin ≥ 7.0; the AUC for developing PMI ranged between 0.782 and 0.742 (NNP: 1.84–2.13), the AUC for fatal outcome ranged from 0.803 to 0.722, (NNP: 3.77–9.52). Conclusions: In HF patients, easily accessible biochemical indices at admission substantially improve prediction of hospital outcomes, especially in the aged >80 years with IHD.
Band flips and bound-state transitions in leaky-mode photonic lattices

Leaky-mode photonic lattices exhibit intricate resonance effects originating in quasi-guided lateral Bloch modes. Key spectral properties are associated with phase-matched modes at the second (leaky) stop band. One band edge mode suffers radiation loss generating leaky-mode resonance whereas the other band edge mode becomes a bound state in the continuum (BIC). Here, we present analytical and numerical results on the formation and properties of the leaky stop band. We show that the frequency of the leaky-mode resonance band edge, and correspondingly the BIC edge, is determined by superposition of Bragg processes chiefly generated by the first two Fourier harmonics of the spatial modulation. We derive conditions for the band closure and band flip wherein the leaky edge and the bound-state edge transit across the band gap. Our work elucidates fundamental aspects of periodic photonic films and has high relevance to the burgeoning field of metamaterials.
Quantum Hall effect in graphene: Emergent modular symmetry and the semicircle law

Low-energy transport measurements in quantum Hall systems have been argued to be governed by emergent modular symmetries whose predictions are robust against many of the detailed microscopic dynamics. We propose the recently observed quantum Hall effect in graphene as a test of these ideas, and identify to this end a class of predictions for graphene which would follow from the same modular arguments. We are led to a suite of predictions for high-mobility samples that differs from those obtained for the conventional quantum Hall effect in semiconductors, including predictions for the locations of the quantum Hall plateaus, predictions for the positions of critical points on transitions between plateaus, a selection rule for which plateaus can be connected by low-temperature transitions and a semicircle law for conductivities traversed during these transitions. Many of these predictions appear to provide a good description of graphene measurements performed with intermediate-strength magnetic fields.
Sistem Rekomendasi Produk Aplikasi Marketplace Berdasarkan Karakteristik Pembeli Menggunakan Metode User Based Collaborative Filtering

Sistem rekomendasi produk merupakan sebuah sistem yang dapat memberikan prediksi produk yang relevan terhadap perilaku atau karakteristik user, sehingga dapat mempengaruhi user dalam mengambil keputusan untuk membeli suatu produk. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk dapat memberikan rekomendasi kepada pembeli pada aplikasi marketplace Sindomall dengan menggunakan metode User Based Collaborative Filtering dikolaborasikan dengan algoritma Improved Triangle Similarity Complemented with User Rating Preferences (ITR) untuk menghitung nilai similarity antar pembeli dan algoritma Weighted Sum untuk menghitung nilai prediksi produk. Karakteristik pembeli diambil dari data perilaku pembeli dalam memberikan rating pada produk. Dalam pengujian model yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan data nilai prediksi pada 20 user acak pada database aplikasi Sindomall pada bulan Desember 2021 didapatkan model optimal dengan nilai parameter presentase user sebesar 100%. Hasil dari pengujian error sistem menggunakan model terpilih mendapatkan nilai MAE dan RMSE masing-masing sebesar 0,006 dan 0,013, sedangkan pada tahap pengujian akurasi sistem didapatkan nilai akurasi sebesar 0,849, nilai presisi sebesar 0,923, nilai recall sebesar 0,869, dan nilai F-score (F1) sebesar 0,895.
Optical binding of particles with or without the presence of a flat dielectric surface

Optical fields can induce forces between microscopic objects, thus giving rise to different structures of matter. We study theoretically these optical forces between two spheres, either isolated in water, or in the presence of a flat dielectric surface. We observe different behavior in the binding force between particles at large and at small distances (in comparison with the wavelength) from each other. This is due to the great contribution of evanescent waves at short distances. We analyze how the optical binding depends on the size of the particles, the material composing them, the wavelength, and, above all, the polarization of the incident beam. We also show that depending on the polarization the force between small particles at small distances changes its sign. Finally, the presence of a substrate surface is analyzed, showing that it only slightly changes the magnitudes of the forces, but not their qualitative nature, except when one employs total internal reflection, in which case the particles are induced to move together along the surface.
Analytical formulas for gravitational lensing: Higher order calculation

We extend to higher order a recently published method for calculating the deflection angle of light in a general static and spherically symmetric metric. We have tested our method on the metric of Schwarzschild and Reissner-Nordstr\"om black holes, on the metric of a charged black hole coupled to Born-Infeld electrodynamics and on the metric of Weyl gravity. Since our method is geometrically convergent, as proved in our previous work, our analytical formulas obtained working to fourth order are sufficient to reach errors of few percents even in proximity of the photon sphere.
Density-matrix renormalization group study of the incommensurate quantum Frenkel-Kontorova model

By using the density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) technique, the incommensurate quantum Frenkel-Kontorova model is investigated numerically. It is found that when the quantum fluctuation is strong enough, the \emph{g}-function featured by a saw-tooth map in the depinned state will show a different kind of behavior, similar to a standard map, but with reduced magnitude. The related position correlations are studied in details, which leads to a potentially interesting application to the recently well-explored phase transitions in cold atoms loaded in optical lattices.
Water Resources Systems of the Philippines: Modeling Studies

The Philippines has abundant water resources. There is, however, a growing trend of water supply shortages in major urban centers in the country—including Metro Manila. Uneven population distribution, along with climate change and deteriorating condition of watersheds, is some of the major drivers identified (Gleick 2013; Chang et al. 2013; Schnoor 2015, as cited by Rola et al. 2015). On one end, climate change and population growth increase the demand for water. On the other end, climate change and watershed degradation increase the uncertainties in the availability of water resources that makes the task of achieving water security more challenging than it is already. Forecasting and balancing of future demands and available water resources are more complicated now than it used to be.
Topical Delivery of Hedgehog Inhibitors: Current Status and Perspectives

Systemic treatment with hedgehog inhibitors (HHis) is available to treat basal cell carcinomas but their utility is limited by adverse effects. Topical delivery methods may reduce adverse effects, but successful topical treatment depends on sufficient skin uptake, biological response, and time in tumor tissue. The aim of this review was to evaluate the current status of topical HHi delivery for BCCs and discuss barriers for translating systemic HHis into topical treatments. A literature search identified 16 preclinical studies and 7 clinical trials on the topical delivery of 12 HHis that have been clinically tested on BCCs. Preclinical studies on drug uptake demonstrated that novel formulations, and delivery- and pre-treatment techniques enhanced topical HHi delivery. Murine studies showed that the topical delivery of sonidegib, itraconazole, vitamin D₃ and CUR-61414 led to biological responses and tumor remission. In clinical trials, only topical patidegib and sonidegib led to at least a partial response in 26/86 BCCs and 30/34 patients, respectively. However, histological clearance was not observed in the samples analyzed. In conclusion, the incomplete clinical response could be due to poor HHi uptake, biodistribution or biological response over time. Novel topical delivery techniques may improve HHi delivery, but additional research on cutaneous pharmacokinetics and biological response is needed.
Signatures of defect-localized charged excitons in the photoluminescence of monolayer molybdenum disulfide

We study spatial photoluminescence characteristics of neutral and charged excitons across extended monolayer MoS$_2$ synthesized by chemical vapor deposition. Using two-dimensional hyperspectral photoluminescence mapping at cryogenic temperatures we identify regions with increased emission from charged excitons associated with both spin-orbit split valence subbands. Such regions are attributed to unintentional doping at defect sites with excess charge that bind neutral excitons to form defect-pinned trions. Our findings imply comparable timescales for the formation, relaxation, and radiative decay of $B$ trions, and add defect-localized $A$ and $B$ trions to the realm of photoexcited quasiparticles in layered semiconductors.