Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Antarctic Low-Tropospheric Humidity Inversions: 10-Yr Climatology

AbstractHumidity inversions are nearly permanently present in the coastal Antarctic atmosphere. This is shown based on an investigation of statistical characteristics of humidity inversions at 11 Antarctic coastal stations using radiosonde data from the Integrated Global Radiosonde Archive (IGRA) from 2000 to 2009. The humidity inversion occurrence was highest in winter and spring, and high atmospheric pressure and cloud-free conditions generally increased the occurrence. A typical humidity inversion was less than 200 m deep and 0.2 g kg−1 strong, and a typical humidity profile contained several separate inversion layers. The inversion base height had notable seasonal variations, but generally the humidity inversions were located at higher altitudes than temperature inversions. Roughly half of the humidity inversions were associated with temperature inversions, especially near the surface, and humidity and temperature inversion strengths as well as depths correlated at several stations. On the other hand,.
Self-potential modeling from primary flows

This paper discusses a new method for the investigation of self potentials (SP) based on induced current sources. The induced current sources are due to divergences of the convection current which is driven, in turn, by a primary flow, either heat or fluid. As a result of using this approach there is a shift in emphasis toward the vector flow field and its interaction with current cross‐coupling structure when compared with the total potential approach of Nourbehecht (1963) which emphasized the primary flow potential and the voltage cross‐coupling. This shift in emphasis is advantageous because it is analogous to the actual physical processes. For example, fluid flow in the ground gives rise to drag (convection) currents, and the interaction of the convection currents with the electrical structure gives rise to the electrical potentials (SP). This simple physical picture should aid in developing a better intuitive understanding of the generation of SP effects. The convective current approach is easily ada.
The Influence of on the Academic Procrastination of Community Science Polytechnic Cadents

Starting from excessive use of smartphones and the phenomenon of violations of cadet life regulations regarding careless use of smartphones, the author raised this issue into a scientific article. This article uses quantitative research methods with a population of 345 cadets and a sample of 181 cadets of the 55th Class of Correctional Science Polytechnic using calculations from the Krejci and Morgan sample table. This article finds that there is an influence of Smartphone Addiction on the Academic Procrastination of Correctional Science Polytechnic Cadets. This shows that the more the quality of Smartphone Addiction Cadets increases, the level of Academic Procrastination of the Correctional Science Polytechnic Cadets will also increase. From the results of the Coefficient Test (R2), it is known that the influence of Smartphone Addiction on the Academic Procrastination of Correctional Science Polytechnic Cadets has a percentage of 11.7% and 88.3% is influenced by factors other than Smartphone Addiction. Some of the suggestions given by the author are: Educational Programs on Healthy Smartphone Use, Development of Learning Support Applications, Time Management Skills Workshops, Development of a Supportive Learning Environment, Data Collection and Advanced Research, Collaboration with other institutions, and Tightening Enforcement of Disciplinary Punishments Regarding Use Smartphones. From the results of the Coefficient Test (R2), it is known that the influence of Smartphone Addiction on the Academic Procrastination of Correctional Science Polytechnic Cadets has a percentage of 11.7% and 88.3% is influenced by factors other than Smartphone Addiction.
A theoretical and experimental analysis of BWT variants for string collections

The extended Burrows-Wheeler-Transform (eBWT), introduced by Mantaci et al. [Theor. Comput. Sci., 2007], is a generalization of the Burrows-Wheeler-Transform (BWT) to multisets of strings. While the original BWT is based on the lexicographic order, the eBWT uses the omega-order, which differs from the lexicographic order in important ways. A number of tools are available that compute the BWT of string collections; however, the data structures they generate in most cases differ from the one originally defined, as well as from each other. In this paper, we review the differences between these BWT variants, both from a theoretical and from a practical point of view, comparing them on several real-life datasets with different characteristics. We find that the differences can be extensive, depending on the dataset characteristics, and are largest on collections of many highly similar short sequences. The widely-used parameter r , the number of runs of the BWT, also shows notable variation between the different BWT variants; on our datasets, it varied by a multiplicative factor of up to 4 . 2.
High Gain Flat-Panel mmWave Antenna Array

In the realm of mmWave communication and connectivity, integrating chips and antennas into a cohesive system is paramount. Given this, planar antenna arrays have become indispensable. In this article, we introduce a novel antenna array tailored for mmWave applications, characterized by its high directivity. Distinctively, this new array employs a flat-panel radiator, ensuring an augmented gain without necessitating additional superstrate layers. To validate its potency, a 4 × 4 flat-panel array with dimensions of 3.74 λ0 × 3.74 λ0 × 0.106 λ0 at 28 GHz including a ground plane was designed and tested for n257 band. The standalone array element exhibited a bandwidth of 20.6%, centered at 28.5 GHz. Furthermore, a 1 × 16 mmWave feed network was designed and amalgamated with the array elements to assess the comprehensive antenna performance. The measured peak gain of 21.3 dBi at 28.5 GHz was observed with the measured half power beamwidth of 15° while the gain variation within the operation band was less than 3 dB.
Switching Chaotic Encryption and Decryption Circuits Design

This paper presents a two-mode switching secure communication system design based on linear unknown input filtering. In the transmitter design, a two-mode encryption method through unknown inputs switching is developed to enhance the security of transmitted message. Specifically, the feedthrough matrix of unknown inputs in the output equation is properly chosen to facilitate the design. In the receiver design, a new two-mode switching derivative-distributed unknown input filtering (DDUIF) is developed to decrypt the encrypted message. In this method, a two-mode switching reformed transmitter system is first designed to simplify the receiver circuit design. Then, the previously proposed DDUIF is used to recover the transmitted message. Next, to compensate for synchronization error, a delayed transmitted message and a delayed decrypted message annihilating signal are proposed to correctly recover the transmitted message. Finally, the usefulness of the proposed method is verified using an illustrative example.
Fabrication of SiO2 Materials used in Diatom Culture

Diatoms are one of the microalgae species commonly used as food for many aquatic organisms during the hatchery stage. The culture of diatoms usually uses silicon from Na2SiO3, but this salt compound easily causes the precipitation of trace ions in the culture medium. This study is to fabricate SiO2 material particles used to replace Na2SiO3 in the period of diatom proliferation and application in aquiculture. The material particles were synthesized based on the Stober method using the surfactant compound CTAB with a spherical particle structure with the particle size of about 700 nm. Testing using SiO2 material particles showed faster growth of diatoms compared with conventional culture media using Na2SiO3.
Research on visual SLAM system based on near-infrared perception

In the context of operating in low-light conditions where sufficient visual information is lacking, visual SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping) becomes a considerably challenging task. To address this issue, we propose a visual SLAM method based on Near-Infrared (NIR) illumination, which operates effectively in complete darkness while being visually friendly to the human eye. This approach employs NIR imagery to estimate the camera's motion and pose, achieving simultaneous localization and mapping. Through experiments and quantitative/qualitative analysis, the effectiveness of this method is demonstrated, particularly in low-light environments. Research findings also indicate that the performance of the NIR-based SLAM system is on par with its visible-light counterpart. Moreover, in indoor settings, the NIR-based SLAM system outperforms the visible-light SLAM system, suggesting that NIR-based SLAM could be a potential solution for robust camera pose estimation.
An automatic means to discriminate between earthquakes and quarry blasts

In this article we discuss our efforts to use the NORESS array to discriminate between regional earthquakes and ripple-fired quarry blasts (events that involve a number of subexplosions closely grouped in space and time). The method we describe is an extension of the time versus frequency “pattern-based” discriminant proposed by Hedlin et al. (1989b). At the heart of the discriminant is the observation that ripple-fired events tend to give rise to coda dominated by prominent spectral features that are independent of time and periodic in frequency. This spectral character is generally absent from the coda produced by earthquakes and “single-event” explosions. The discriminant originally proposed by Hedlin et al. (1989b) used data collected at 250 sec−1 by single sensors in the 1987 NRDC network in Kazakhstan, U.S.S.R. We have found that despite the relatively low digitization rate provide by the NORESS array (40 sec−1) we have had good success in our efforts to discriminate between earthquakes and quarry blasts by stacking all vertical array channels to improve signal-to-noise ratios. We describe our efforts to automate the method, so that visual pattern recognition is not required, and to make it less susceptible to spurious time-independent spectral features not originating at the source. In essence, we compute a Fourier transform of the time-frequency matrix and examine the power levels representing energy that is periodic in frequency and independent of time. Since a double Fourier transform is involved, our method can be considered as an extension of “cepstral” analysis (Tribolet, 1979). We have found, however, that our approach is superior since it is cognizant of the time independence of the spectral features of interest. We use earthquakes to define what cepstral power is to be expected in the absence of ripple firing and search for events that violate this limit. The assessment of the likelihood that ripple firing occurred at the source is made automatically by the computer and is based on the extent to which the limit is violated.
Genome-Wide Identification, Expression, and Molecular Characterization of the CONSTANS-like Gene Family in Seven Orchid Species

The orchid is one of the most distinctive and highly valued flowering plants. Nevertheless, the CONSTANS-like (COL) gene family plays significant roles in the control of flowering, and its functions in Orchidaceae have been minimally explored. This research identified 68 potential COL genes within seven orchids’ complete genome, divided into three groups (groups I, II, and III) via a phylogenetic tree. The modeled three-dimensional structure and the conserved domains exhibited a high degree of similarity among the orchid COL proteins. The selection pressure analysis showed that all orchid COLs suffered a strong purifying selection. Furthermore, the orchid COL genes exhibited functional and structural heterogeneity in terms of collinearity, gene structure, cis-acting elements within their promoters, and expression patterns. Moreover, we identified 50 genes in orchids with a homology to those involved in the COL transcriptional regulatory network in Arabidopsis. Additionally, the first overexpression of CsiCOL05 and CsiCOL09 in Cymbidium sinense protoplasts suggests that they may antagonize the regulation of flowering time and gynostemium development. Our study will undoubtedly provide new resources, ideas, and values for the modern breeding of orchids and other plants.
The Impact of Chemotherapy on Dietary Status as Well as Life Quality in Kids with Cancer in Belgium

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of chemotherapy on dietary status as well as life quality in kids with cancer in Belgium. Methodology: The study used a desktop literature review methodology (desk study). This required a thorough analysis of research on the impact of chemotherapy on dietary status as well as life quality in kids with cancer. The subject of the study underwent three phases of sorting in order to assess its suitability for further study. Findings: This study concluded that chemotherapy was associated with poor dietary status and reduction in the life quality ratings. The use of the Nutrition Impact Symptom (NIS) checklist in the kid’s oncology clinic/ward triggers more therapeutic interventions. The awareness for NIS will likely evoke more research in assessment, impact, and treatment. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: This study recommended that individual’s food preferences and aversions should be considered and combinations of oral, enteral and parenteral diet be provided. In view of the findings, the study recommends that dietetics should frequently carry out diet assessments in order to provide proper management to curb malnutrition.
Causes of large-scale sea level variations in the Southern Ocean: Analyses of sea level and a barotropic model

[1] We analyze a decade of sea surface height (SSH) measurements in the Southern Ocean from the TOPEX/Poseidon and ERS altimeters, with a focus on the variability at timescales <2 years. Among the different processes contributing to large-scale SSH variations, the barotropic response to the winds dominates poleward of 50°S, while thermosteric processes dominate equatorward, except for resonant basins for the barotropic modes and regions of intense eddy activity. A finite element barotropic model has been developed to analyze the vorticity budget. The SSH from the model agrees well with observations. The leading barotropic mode, which is annular and is confined near Antarctica, is responsible for most of the barotropic circumpolar transport. It is coherent with the zonally integrated eastward wind stress consistent with a free mode response. Although previously evidenced in bottom pressure data, this mode is only partially seen in altimeter data because of ice coverage. It nevertheless distinctly appears above the Pacific ridges where it expands meridionally up to midlatitudes. In the rest of the domain, several regions coherent with the local wind stress curl are found. These are regions isolated by f/H contours, mostly deep basins. An analysis of the vorticity budget shows that, generally, topographic Sverdrup balance is the leading process for periods ≥50 days, but in some regions (resonant basins), diffusive and nonstationary terms are important. A model experiment shows that transients redistribute energy along f/H waveguides, contributing to drain resonant regions, as was hypothesized in previous works.
Components of Transformational and Transactional Leadership: Predicting Academic Performance Beyond and Below Expectations

This study investigates the combined effects of transformational and transactional leadership on higher-education students’ performance both beyond and below students’ historic scholastic achievement. Instructors’ intellectual stimulation behaviors, a component of transformational leadership, and their preemptive corrective oversight in the form of management by exception active, a component of transactional leadership, are correlated with grades students earned in a course. Findings suggest that beyond a student’s near-past academic performance, an instructor’s transformational and transactional behaviors influence a student’s performance in a class either positively or negatively, respectively. Instructors’ transformational and transactional leader behaviors also had opposing effects on grades after controlling for near-past academic performance. These findings underscore the need for instructors to engage in a combination of transformational and transactional leadership behaviors to support students’ pursuit of high academic achievement.
A Smart Fire Detector IoT System with Extinguisher Class Recommendation Using Deep Learning

Fires kill and injure people, destroy residences, pollute the air, and cause economic loss. The damage of the fire can be reduced if we can detect the fire early and notify the firefighters as soon as possible. In this project, a novel Internet of Things (IoT)-based fire detector device is developed that automatically detects a fire, recognizes the object that is burning, finds out the class of fire extinguisher needed, and then sends notifications with location information to the user and the emergency responders smartphones within a second. This will help firefighters to arrive quickly with the correct fire extinguisher—thus, the spread of fire can be reduced. The device detects fire using a thermal camera and common objects using a red-green-blue (RGB) camera with a deep-learning-based algorithm. When a fire is detected, the device sends data using the Internet to a central server, and it then sends notifications to the smartphone apps. No smoke detector or fire alarm is available in the literature that can automatically suggest the class of fire extinguisher needed, and this research fills this gap. Prototypes of the fire detector device, the central server for the emergency responder’s station, and smartphone apps have been developed and tested successfully.
Quantitative Proteomics of Maternal Blood Plasma in Isolated Intrauterine Growth Restriction

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) remains a significant concern in modern obstetrics, linked to high neonatal health problems and even death, as well as childhood disability, affecting adult quality of life. The role of maternal and fetus adaptation during adverse pregnancy is still not completely understood. This study aimed to investigate the disturbance in biological processes associated with isolated IUGR via blood plasma proteomics. The levels of 125 maternal plasma proteins were quantified by liquid chromatography-multiple reaction monitoring mass spectrometry (LC-MRM MS) with corresponding stable isotope-labeled peptide standards (SIS). Thirteen potential markers of IUGR (Gelsolin, Alpha-2-macroglobulin, Apolipoprotein A-IV, Apolipoprotein B-100, Apolipoprotein(a), Adiponectin, Complement C5, Apolipoprotein D, Alpha-1B-glycoprotein, Serum albumin, Fibronectin, Glutathione peroxidase 3, Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein) were found to be inter-connected in a protein–protein network. These proteins are involved in plasma lipoprotein assembly, remodeling, and clearance; lipid metabolism, especially cholesterol and phospholipids; hemostasis, including platelet degranulation; and immune system regulation. Additionally, 18 proteins were specific to a particular type of IUGR (early or late). Distinct patterns in the coagulation and fibrinolysis systems were observed between isolated early- and late-onset IUGR. Our findings highlight the complex interplay of immune and coagulation factors in IUGR and the differences between early- and late-onset IUGR and other placenta-related conditions like PE. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for developing targeted interventions and improving outcomes for pregnancies affected by IUGR.
Demand-Side Frequency Control in Power Network Based on Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning

The integration of renewable energy sources into the power grid has led to new challenges in maintaining the stability of the system frequency. This paper proposes a novel approach to address the Optimal Demand Side Frequency Control (ODFC) problem using Multi-Agent Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (MADDPG) method. The proposed method models the ODFC problem as a Markov game, with centralized training based on multi-agent cooperative self-learning and associative storage service. In the decentralized execution stage, each agent independently outputs control actions to the controlled plant using local observations. Numerical simulations show that the proposed method effectively addresses the ODFC problem with superior performance compared to traditional methods.
Antioxidant Effects and Probiotic Properties of Latilactobacillus sakei MS103 Isolated from Sweet Pickled Garlic

Fermented vegetable-based foods, renowned for their unique flavors and human health benefits, contain probiotic organisms with reported in vitro antioxidative effects. This study investigates the probiotic properties of Latilactobacillus sakei MS103 (L. sakei MS103) and its antioxidant activities using an in vitro oxidative stress model based on the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative damage of RAW 264.7 cells. L. sakei MS103 exhibited tolerance to extreme conditions (bile salts, low pH, lysozyme, H2O2), antibiotic sensitivity, and auto-aggregation ability. Moreover, L. sakei MS103 co-aggregated with pathogenic Porphyromonas gingivalis cells, inhibited P. gingivalis-induced biofilm formation, and exhibited robust hydrophobic and electrostatic properties that enabled it to strongly bind to gingival epithelial cells and HT-29 cells for enhanced antioxidant effects. Additionally, L. sakei MS103 exhibited other antioxidant properties, including ion-chelating capability and the ability to effectively scavenge superoxide anion free radicals, hydroxyl, 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid, and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl. Furthermore, the addition of live or heat-killed L. sakei MS103 cells to H2O2-exposed RAW 264.7 cells alleviated oxidative stress, as reflected by reduced malondialdehyde levels, increased glutathione levels, and the up-regulated expression of four antioxidant-related genes (gshR2, gshR4, Gpx, and npx). These findings highlight L. sakei MS103 as a potential probiotic capable of inhibiting activities of P. gingivalis pathogenic bacteria and mitigating oxidative stress.
Fournier’s Gangrene Secondary to Perforated Sigmoid Adenocarcinoma Within an Incarcerated Inguinal Hernia

Colon cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide. Approximately one-fifth of colon cancers will present emergently due to obstruction or perforation. Necrotizing soft tissue infection is a rare presentation of perforated colon cancer and represents a surgical emergency due to high mortality rate. A man in his 80s presented with several days of scrotal pain and weakness. On physical exam he was found to have scrotal edema and erythema and bilateral inguinal hernias. Imaging revealed a large scrotal abscess and concern for necrotizing soft tissue infection. He was taken to the operating room for surgical debridement and exploration and was discovered to have perforated colon within an incarcerated inguinal hernia. He underwent exploratory laparotomy with sigmoid resection and end colostomy creation. Pathology returned demonstrating invasive sigmoid adenocarcinoma. Fournier’s gangrene requires a high index of suspicion. It is a rapidly progressing infection associated with high mortality. Early initiation of antibiotics and surgical debridement are mainstays of treatment. When associated with perforated colonic malignancy, workup must include imaging of the chest, abdomen, and pelvis as well as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level to complete staging. Fournier’s gangrene secondary to perforated sigmoid adenocarcinoma is a unique presentation. Treatment first involves antibiotics and aggressive surgical debridement. Once the patient is stabilized, further oncologic workup should be completed to determine treatment course.