Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Are environmental factors responsible for essential oil chemotype distribution of Balkan Juniperus communis var. saxatilis populations?

Abstract Juniperus communis var. saxatilis is a short prostrate evergreen conifer that grows on dry hills in the mountain areas. In the Balkans, this taxon has a fragmented distribution. Both leaves and cones are rich in essential oils (EOs), which play an important role in plant interaction with the environment. Even though leaves and berries represent a significant source for humans and wildlife, there is no research on the genetic and EO variability in the region. In this article, we analysed individuals from 18 populations from the entire Balkan Peninsula. Three bioclimatic regions were identified, based on precipitation and temperatures. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) data revealed high genetic variability, which is mostly located within the populations (91.7%). In total, 156 compounds representing 99.0% of total oil were detected and identified. Three chemotypes (ɑ-pinene, sabinene and δ-3-carene) were detected in all samples. Although all chemotypes could be detected throughout the region, their distribution was correlated with environmental factors. The influence of environmental variables on EO composition and chemophenetics are discussed.
Binary Progenitor Models for Bipolar Planetary Nebulae

We propose an explanation for the positive correlation of bipolar planetary nebulae with massive progenitors in the paradigm of binary system progenitors. We list 10 critical observations, and argue that single-star models for the formation of bipolar planetary nebulae encounter difficulties complying with these observations. On the other hand, binary system progenitors can naturally explain these key observations, and in addition explain the rich varieties of structures possessed by bipolar planetary nebulae. Based on three of the critical observations, and on previous works by Corradi and Schwarz and by Morris, we postulate that the progenitors of bipolar planetary nebulae are binary stellar systems in which the secondary diverts a substantial fraction of the mass lost by the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) primary, but the systems avoid the common envelope phase for a large fraction of the interaction time. The positive correlation of bipolar planetary nebulae with massive progenitors, M ≳ 2 M☉, is attributed to the larger ratios of red giant branch (RGB) to AGB radii which low-mass stars attain, compared with massive stars. These larger radii on the RGB cause most stellar binary companions, which potentially could have formed bipolar planetary nebulae if the primary had been on the AGB, to interact with low-mass primaries already on the RGB. This scenario predicts that the central stars of most bipolar planetary nebulae are in binary systems having orbital periods in the range of a few days to few times 10 yr.
The bridges of classical double radio sources

On discute de nouvelles observations avec le VLA d'un echantillon complet de 39 sources 3c de dimensions angulaires superieures a 45 secarc. Presque toutes les sources doubles classiques aux deplacements vers le rouge inferieurs a 0,5 presentent des ponts qui relient la galaxie centrale, au bord externe de la source, et les cartes de ces objets montrent que deux tiers des ponts sont distordus au voisinage de la galaxie centrale
Comparison of Horizontally and Vertically Launched Airbreathing and Rocket Vehicles

A design study was performed to define and compare the parameters of horizontal- and vertical-takeoff reusable launch-vehicle systems to identify promising configurations for further developmental emphasis. The investigation considered both two-stage rockets and single-stage airbreathing ramjet/scramjet-powered vehicles, thus representing next-generation and third-generation configurations, respectively. The payload requirement for each vehicle was 20,000 Ib delivered to a 100-n mile circular Earth orbit launched easterly from Kennedy Space Center. All vehicles were first analyzed using liquid hydrogen for the entire trajectory and then reanalyzed with liquid hydrocarbon fuel for the first stage, if a rocket, or for the low-speed trajectory segment to ramjet start for the airbreathers. The vertical-takeoff airbreathing vehicles were found to have the lowest empty weights and gross takeoff weights of all of the vehicle configurations, with three-dimensional inward-turning inlets outperforming two-dimensional inlets, and the use of hydrocarbon fuel outperforming hydrogen fuel for the launch propulsive segment to ramjet start. The best horizontal takeoff vehicle is the all-hydrogen inward-turning airbreather. For the two-stage rockets, the lightest empty weight was achieved with the use of hydrocarbon fuel in the booster and hydrogen fuel in the orbiter.
On-the-fly cross flow laser guided separation of aerosol particles

Laser separation of particles is achieved using forces resulting from the momentum exchange between particles and photons constituting the laser radiation. Particles can experience different optical forces depending on their size and/or optical properties, such as refractive index. Thus, particles can move at different speeds in the presence of an optical force, leading to spatial separations. Several studies for aqueous suspension of particles have been reported in the past. In this paper, we present extensive analysis for optical forces on non-absorbing aerosol particles. We used a loosely focused Gaussian 1064 nm laser to simultaneously hold and deflect particles entrained in flow perpendicular to their direction of travel. The gradient force is used to hold the particles against the viscous drag for a short period of time. The scattering force simultaneously pushes the particles during this period. Theoretical calculations are used to simulate particle trajectories and to determine the net deflection: a measure of the ability to separate. We invented a novel method for aerosol generation and delivery to the flow cell. Particle motion was imaged using a high speed camera working at 3000+ frames per second with a viewing area up to a few millimeters. An 8W near-infrared 1064 nm laser was used to provide the optical force to the particles. Theoretical predictions were corroborated with measurements using polystyrene latex particles of 20 micron diameter. We measured particle deflections up to about 1500 microns. Such large deflections represent a new milestone for optical chromatography in the gas phase.
The Dirac cohomology of a finite dimensional representation

The Dirac cohomology of a finite dimensional representation of a complex semisimple Lie algebra g, with respect to any quadratic subalgebra h, is computed. This generalizes a formula obtained by Kostant in the case where g and h have equal rank, and by Huang, Kang and Pandžić in the case where h is the fixed point of an involution.
Strong broadband optical absorption in silicon nanowire films

The broadband optical absorption properties of silicon nanowire (SiNW) films fabricated on glass substrates by wet etching and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) have been measured and found to be higher than solid thin films of equivalent thickness. The observed behavior is adequately explained by light scattering and light trapping though some of the observed absorption is due to a high density of surface states in the nanowires films, as evidenced by the partial reduction in high residual sub-bandgap absorption after hydrogen passivation. Finite difference time domain simulations show strong resonance within and between the nanowires in a vertically oriented array and describe the experimental absorption data well. These structures may be of interest in optical films and optoelectronic device applications.
Spatially resolved photoluminescence of inversion domain boundaries in GaN-based lateral polarity heterostructures

Intentionally grown GaN inversion domain boundaries (IDBs) of lateral polarity heterostructures have been spectroscopically imaged at low temperature using high spatial resolution photoluminescence. It is shown that the IDBs are not only optically active, but are more than an order of magnitude brighter than the GaN bulk material. Our findings are in agreement with calculations predicting that IDBs should not adversely affect near-band-gap photoluminescence due to the absence of midgap electronic states. Typical linewidths are on the order of 10–20 meV, however, features less than 0.6 meV are observed. The boundary emission is found to be neither spectrally nor spatially uniform. Also, a strong polarization dependence of the IDB photoluminescence is measured and determined to be oriented parallel to the boundary between GaN of N- or Ga-face polarity.
Numerical Analysis of Unsteady Cavitating Flow by a Homogeneous Equilibrium Model

A Numerical method using a preconditioning approach to solve the cavity flow is proposed and applied to analysis of unsteady cavitating flows. The present method employs a finite-differe nce Runge-Kutta method combined with MUSCL TVD scheme, and a homogeneous equilibrium model, which is based on a model of compressible gasliquid two-phase media, is applied to solve above cavitating flows. The method proposed here permits to treat simply the whole gas-liquid two-phase flow field including wave propagation, large density changes and incompressible flow characteristic at low Mach number. By this method, a twodimensional decelerating cascade flow was computed. Numerical results such as detailed observations of the unsteady cavity flows and some data related to performance characteristics of hydrofoils are provided.
The low Earth orbit radiation environment and its impact on the prompt background of hard x-ray focusing telescopes

The background minimization is a science-driven necessity in order to reach deep sensitivity levels in the hard X-ray band, one of the key scientific requirements for hard X-ray telescopes (e.g. NuSTAR, ASTRO-H). It requires a careful modeling of the radiation environment and new concepts of shielding systems. We exploit the Bologna Geant4 Multi-Mission Simulator (BoGEMMS) features to evaluate the impact of the Low Earth Orbit (LEO) radiation environment on the prompt background level for a hybrid Si/CdTe soft and hard X-ray detection assembly and a combined active and passive shielding system. For each class of particles, the spectral distribution of the background flux is simulated, exploring the effect of different materials (plastic vs inorganic active scintillator) and configurations (passive absorbers enclosing or surrounded by the active shielding) on the background count rate. While protons are efficiently removed by the active shielding, an external passive shielding causes the albedo electrons and positrons to be the primary source of background. Albedo neutrons are instead weakly interactive with the active shielding, and they cause an intense background level below 10 keV via elastic scattering. The best shielding configuration in terms of background and active shielding count rates is given by an inorganic scintillator placed inside the passive layers, with the addition of passive material to absorb the intense fluorescence lines of the active shielding and avoid escape peaks on the CdTe detector.
Identificação de estruturas não-lineares de séries temporais através de regressão linear local e modelos aditivos

This paper suggests an approach for the identification of the structure of both linear and non-linear time series through semi-parametric estimation of the unknown curves in models of the type Yt=E(Yt| Xt ) +et , where Xt=(Yt-1,Yt-2,.,Yt-d), d=1,2, . The conditional expectation is estimated either in a fully nonparametric fashion or via additive (semi-parametric) models. Specifically, the unknown function will be estimated by local linear regression, with kernel estimators. Under the proposed methodology, it was verified that the Lag Dependence Function (LDF) and the Partial Lag Dependence Function (PLDF) are capable of identifying non-linear structures in time series, generalizing the traditional autocorrelation and partial autocorrelation functions. The simulation studies were conducted to evaluate and compare the proposed methodology to traditional ones. The approach was illustrated with the study of the structure of a time series of prices of Petrobras PNS shares.
Neufassung der Standard-Terminologie in der gastroenterologischen Endoskopie – Ergebnis eines Konsensusprojekts der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Gastroenterologie, Verdauungs- und Stoffwechselkrankheiten

Zusammenfassung Eine einheitliche und umfassende Terminologie ist essenziell in der korrekten Befunderfassung in der diagnostischen oder therapeutischen Endoskopie. Die bisher im deutschsprachigen Raum verfügbare Standard-Terminologie beruht auf einer im Jahr 1999 publizierten Version. Bedingt durch vielfältige Änderungen, neue Diagnosen und neue endoskopische Verfahren erfolgte koordiniert durch die Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gastroenterologie, Verdauungs- und Stoffwechselkrankheiten (DGVS) eine umfassende Überarbeitung und Neustrukturierung der Terminologie. Die von einzelnen Arbeitsgruppen erarbeiteten Vorgaben wurden im Konsens verabschiedet und stehen nun (als Online-Dokument unter https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-121167 abrufbar) zur Modifikation der gängigen EDV-Dokumentationssysteme zur Verfügung. Um eine zeitgemäße Dokumentation auch in Zukunft zu gewährleisten, wurde beschlossen, dass in jährlichem Abstand die Updates oder Neuauflagen der Dokumentations-EDV einzelner Software-Firmen auf die Vorgaben der DGVS überprüft werden.
A grid reconstruction procedure for the simulation of instabilities in luminous blue variables

The simulation of stellar instabilities requires a sufficient resolution of shocks, ionization zones and instability regions. Resolution problems in the latter may occur in simulations of the evolution of strange mode instabilities, if a Lagrangian description is used and the instability leads to a mass transfer in the stellar envelope, which is found for selected models of luminous blue variables. This necessitates a reconstruction of the Lagrangian grid. A grid reconstruction procedure suitable for the treatment of resolution problems occurring in simulations of stellar instabilities is presented and verified. This includes a systematic study of the influence of grid resolution and artificial viscosity on the result of numerical calculations.
Strong and collimated terahertz radiation by super-Gaussian lasers

We propose two super-Gaussian laser beams with frequency difference for obtaining more collimated terahertz (THz) radiation at a desired position based on their order/index and for enhancing the efficiency of the scheme by realizing stronger transient transverse current due to the spatial variation of their fields. For the laser intensity of ∼1014 W/cm2 and along with the application of a periodic density structure, a resonant excitation of the THz radiation is achieved together with the efficiency of scheme as ∼0.006.
Some Multiplicity Results to the Existence of Three Solutions for a Dirichlet Boundary Value Problem Involving the p-Laplacian

Abstract In this paper we prove the existence of two intervals of positive real parameters λ for a Dirichlet boundary value problem involving the p-Laplacian which admit three weak solutions, whose norms are uniformly bounded with respect to λ belonging to one of the two intervals. Our main tool is a three critical points theorem due to G. Bonanno [A critical points theorem and nonlinear differential problems, J. Global Optim. , 28:249–258, 2004].
Evaluation of new pasture legumes options in the Pampa-Patagonia transitional region of Argentina

Biodiversity in forage legumes adapted to semiarid-arid conditions is scarce. In the Pampa-Patagonia transitional region of Argentina (PTRA), the annual rainfall is 440 mm with annual evapotranspiration of 1690 mm. Only Vicia villosa Roth shows agronomic adaptation to such an environment. Dry matter production of 19 selected legume species was compared to V. villosa (cv. Patagonia INTA) in the first year of establishment during 2015-to-2019. Medicago truncatula Gaertn. and Trifolium subterraneum L. (cv. Goulburn) showed high winter dry matter produc - tion, similar to V. villosa , but poor biomass production in spring. Spring dry matter contributed ≈ 80% of the total biomass per year. Preliminary results showed that Onobrychis viciifolia Scop. overcame the rest of the accessions evaluated, except for V. villosa . O. viciifolia could be considered a complementary species to V. villosa , a candidate for initiating a process of breeding as a new pasture legume for semiarid-arid environments. This is the first record of the potential use as a pasture of O. viciifolia in the PTRA.
New predictors of self-reported adherence measured with Morisky Medication Scale and blood pressure control in Romanian hypertensive patients – SEPHAR IV

This paper aims to find new predictors of poor antihypertensive treatment adherence in the Romanian adult hypertensive population. Six hundred eighty hypertensive subjects identified in the SEPHAR IV survey were evaluated by a study questionnaire, including a 4-item Morisky Medical Adherence Score (MMAS-4), BP and anthropometric measurements, and laboratory workup. BP control was defined as <140/90 mmHg at both study visits (4 days apart). According to the MMAS-4 score, adherence was considered low (3-4p), moderate (1-2p) and high (0p). Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS Statistics 18.0 software at a significance level of p≤0.05. Of the total 680 hyper - tensive subjects, 461 were receiving antihypertensive treatment. According to BP control, treated hypertensives were further divided into two groups – controlled (181 subjects, 39.2%) and uncontrolled HTN (280 subjects, 60.8%). The mean age was 63.25±11.65 years and the female gender was more prevalent (61.1%). Distribution regarding residence was balanced (urban area – 51.5%). Low antihypertensive treatment adherence was recorded in 46 subjects representing 9.9% of the total group, with a significantly higher rate among uncontrolled hypertensive subjects [35 subjects (12.5%) vs. 11 subjects (6.1%); p=0.024]. Total cholesterol (AUC=0.659; CI=95%: 0.557–0.761; p=0.005) and LDL cholesterol (AUC=0.645; CI=95%: 0.537–0754; p=0.011) were statistically significant predictors of low treatment adherence. The MMAS-4 is a readily available tool that can be used in daily clinical practice. The lipid profile can be used to identify less adherent HT patients. Future research should establish a metabolic profile of the nonadherent patient and focus on developing strategies to increase adherence.
GIBBS PHENOMENON AND CERTAIN NONHARMONIC FOURIER SERIES

The Fourier series has a rapid oscillation near end points at jump discontinuity which is called the Gibbs phenomenon. There is an overshoot (or undershoot) of approximately 9% at jump discontinuity. In this paper, we prove that a bunch of series representations (certain nonharmonic Fourier series) give good approximations vanishing Gibbs phenomenon. Also we have an application for approximating some shape of upper part of a vehicle in a different way from the method of cubic splines and wavelets.
Reproducible switching effect in thin oxide films for memory applications

Thin oxide films with perovskite or related structures and with transition metal doping show a reproducible switching in the leakage current with a memory effect. Positive or negative voltage pulses can switch the resistance of the oxide films between a low- and a high-impedance state in times shorter than 100 ns. The ratio between these two states is typically about 20 but can exceed six orders of magnitude. Once a low-impedance state has been achieved it persists without a power connection for months, demonstrating the feasibility of nonvolatile memory elements. Even multiple levels can be addressed to store two bits in such a simple capacitor-like structure.
Estimasi Model Regresi Linier Dengan Metode Median Kuadrat Terkecil

ABSTRAK ---Model regresi linier merupakan model yang paling sering digunakan dalam analisis statistika. Model regresi linier ini digunakan untuk menyatakan hubungan fungsional antara satu atau beberapa variabel bebas (prediktor) terhadap satu variabel terikat (respon). Dalam analisis regresi, mengestimasi parameter secara otomatis mengestimasi model regresi. Untuk memperoleh estimasi model regresi dapat dilakukan dengan beberapa metode antara lain: metode kuadrat terkecil, metode maksimum likelihood dan sebagainya. Salah satu metode yang paling populer adalah metode kuadrat terkecil (OLS). Pada prinsipnya metode kuadrat terkecil mengestimasi model regresi dengan meminimalkan rata-rata kuadrat sesatan (MSE). Dalam tulisan ini dibahas suatu metode alternatif untuk mendapatkan estimasi model regresi yaitu metode median kuadrat terkecil (LMS). Pada metode LMS, estimasi model yang diperoleh adalah suatu model yang memiliki median kuadrat sesatan terkecil. Prosedur estimasinya adalah dengan memilih p titik sampel (dengan p: banyaknya parameter di dalam model termasuk intersept) dari n titik sampel hasil pengamatan, kemudian ditentukan suatu persamaan yang melalui p titik tersebut. Setelah diperoleh sejumlah persamaan yang melalui p titik tersebut, kemudian ditentukan median dari residual kuadrat. Persamaan atau model yang diestimasi melalui p titik yang menghasilkan nilai median kuadrat terkecil merupakan model yang terpilih. Kata Kunci: regresi linier, estimasi parameter, sesatan kuadrat
The effective surface resistance of superconductor/dielectric/metal structures

We investigate the effective microwave surface resistance of superconductor/dielectric/normal metal structures through numerical simulations. In particular, the setup with a thin superconducting film on a dielectric substrate, backed by a metallic endplate, is analysed. The results demonstrate that the effects of the substrate on the measured surface resistance of superconducting thin films must be taken into account. We show that in this setup several spurious effects are predicted. At characteristic frequencies, dependant on the substrate material, the commonly used thin-film approximation fails even for films thinner than the London penetration depth. In general, when the film is thicker than, but of the same order as, , the measured surface resistance can exceed both the thin-film and the bulk values. We investigate how the effective surface resistance of a superconducting film can be approximated by the bulk or the thin-film value, as a function of frequency, film and substrate thickness, and temperature. We exploit a thin-film model to take into account the effects of the backing materials. Measurements of surface resistance are performed on a BSCCO//metal structure to stress the nonintrinsic behaviours and to test the proposed model.
Untruthful probabilistic demand forecasts in vendor‐managed revenue‐sharing contracts: Coordinating the chain

Vendor‐managed revenue‐sharing arrangements are common in the newspaper and other industries. Under such arrangements, the supplier decides on the level of inventory while the retailer effectively operates under consignment, sharing the sales revenue with his supplier. We consider the case where the supplier is unable to predict demand, and must base her decisions on the retailer‐supplied probabilistic forecast for demand. We show that the retailer's best choice of a distribution to report to his supplier will not be the true demand distribution, but instead will be a degenerate distribution that surprisingly induces the supplier to provide the system‐optimal inventory quantity. (To maintain credibility, the retailer's reports of daily sales must then be consistent with his supplied forecast.) This result is robust under nonlinear production costs and nonlinear revenue‐sharing. However, if the retailer does not know the supplier's production cost, the forecast “improves” and could even be truthful. That, however, causes the supplier's order quantity to be suboptimal for the overall system. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2007