Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Hormone Replacement Therapy on Bone Mineral Density in Korean Adults With Turner Syndrome

Background Turner syndrome (TS) is a common chromosomal abnormality, which is caused by loss of all or part of one X chromosome. Hormone replacement therapy in TS is important in terms of puberty, growth and prevention of osteoporosis however, such a study has never been conducted in Korea. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to determine relationship between the starting age, duration of estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) in TS and develop a hormone replacement protocol suitable for the situation in Korea. Methods This is retrospective study analyzed the medical records in TS patients treated at the Severance hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea from 1997 to 2019. Total of 188 subjects who had received a bone density test at least once were included in the study. Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) was used for achieving bone mineral density (BMD) of normal control group. Student’s t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, ANOVA and correlation analysis were performed using SPSS 18.0. Results Each BMD measurement was significantly lower in women with TS than in healthy Korean women. Early start and longer duration of ERT is associated with higher lumbar spine BMD but not femur neck BMD. Femur neck BMD, but not lumbar spine BMD was significantly higher in women with mosaicism than 45XO group. Conclusion Early onset and appropriate duration of hormone replacement therapy is important for increasing bone mineral density in patients with Turner syndrome. Also, ERT affects differently to TS patients according to mosaicism.
Framework for and the Role of Carbon Accounting in Corporate Carbon Management Systems: A Holistic Approach

Climate change is a complex phenomenon, however, the accounting methodology used for climate change remains poorly understood. This paper proposes a broad concept of carbon accounting: carbon accounting is a system that uses accounting methods to record and analyse climate-change information as well as account for and report carbon-related assets, liabilities, expenses, and income for decision-making purposes. In addition, this paper adopts a holistic approach to describing inter-related functions of the components of carbon accounting, showing what role it can play in the construction of corporate carbon management systems. The paper discusses how innovative and creative approaches are used to develop carbon accounting frameworks, methodologies, and programs that are workable.
Ceramides and metabolic profiles of patients with acute coronary disease: a cross-sectional study

Metabolic Syndrome (MS) is a rapidly growing medical problem worldwide and is characterized by a cluster of age-related metabolic risk factors. The presence of MS increases the likelihood of developing atherosclerosis and significantly raises the morbidity/mortality rate of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients. Early detection of MS is crucial, and biomarkers, particularly blood-based, play a vital role in this process. This cross-sectional study focused on the investigation of certain plasma ceramides (Cer14:0, Cer16:0, Cer18:0, Cer20:0, Cer22:0, and Cer24:1) as potential blood biomarkers for MS due to their previously documented dysregulated function in MS patients. A total of 695 ACS patients were enrolled, with 286 diagnosed with MS (ACS-MS) and 409 without MS (ACS-nonMS) serving as the control group. Plasma ceramide concentrations were measured by LC-MS/MS assay and analyzed through various statistical methods. The results revealed that Cer18:0, Cer20:0, Cer22:0, and Cer24:1 were significantly correlated with the presence of MS risk factors. Upon further examination, Cer18:0 emerged as a promising biomarker for early MS detection and risk stratification, as its plasma concentration showed a significant sensitivity to minor changes in MS risk status in participants. This cross-sectional observational study was a secondary analysis of a multicenter prospective observational cohort study (Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, https://www.who.int/clinical-trials-registry-platform/network/primary-registries/chinese-clinical-trial-registry-(chictr), ChiCTR-2200056697), conducted from April 2021 to August 2022.
Impact of Bukit Dua Belas rainforest transformation to oil palm plantation on phylogenetic of soil bacterial communities in Sarolangun, Jambi, Sumatra, Indonesia

Abstract. Wijayanti M, Wahyudi AT, Yuhana M, Engelhaupt M, Meryandini A. 2019. Impact of Bukit Dua Belas rainforest transformation to oil palm plantation on phylogenetic of soil bacterial communities in Sarolangun, Jambi, Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 811-818. Land use change from forest to oil palm plantation at Sumatra could decrease biodiversity, including bacterial diversity. The case of Bukit Dua Belas transformation from forest to oil palm plantation was gotten for measuring shift community of soil bacterial in both areas. The diversity of bacterial communities from rainforest and oil palm plantation topsoil in Sumatra was studied using pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA gene and common biodiversity indices. Phylogenetic approach was used to reveal the community shift of bacterial phyla and genera in both areas. Ecological approach was carried out by measuring soil pH, TC (total carbon), TN (total nitrogen), AP (available phosphorous), bacterial diversity with Shannon and Simpson indices, and bacterial richness with Chao1-ACE index and OTUs. Bacterial diversity and richness on lowland forest topsoil and oil palm plantation soil were not different, as soil pH, TC, and TN as substrate factors were not different significantly. The majority of sequences related to Acidobacteria (56.33%), Proteobacteria (27.43%), Actinobacteria (7.11%), and Cyanobacteria (5.55%) were from forest; whereas those related to Acidobacteria (50.11%), Proteobacteria (31.63%), Actinobacteria (7.58%), Chloroflexi (2.60%), and Gemmatimonadetes (2.71%) invented from oil palm plantation. Acidobacteria was the most dominant phyla in both habitats, because soil pH in both areas was acidic (3.77 - 4.80 pHH2O). The genera of alpha-proteobacteria dominated in genera phylotype of bacterial 16S rRNA phylogenetic revealed in both forest and oil palm plantation topsoil. The most genera in phylogenetic tree are Burkholderia from Beta-proteobacteria. The bacterial community shift occurred in forest transformation, even though the oil palm plantation showed more bacterial phyla and genera than the lowland rainforest.
Effectiveness of Telemonitoring in Reducing Hospitalization and Associated Costs for Patients With Heart Failure in Finland: Nonrandomized Pre-Post Telemonitoring Study

Background Many patients with chronic heart failure (HF) experience a reduced health status, leading to readmission after hospitalization despite receiving conventional care. Telemonitoring approaches aim to improve the early detection of HF decompensations and prevent readmissions. However, knowledge about the impact of telemonitoring on preventing readmissions and related costs remains scarce. Objective This study assessed the effectiveness of adding a telemonitoring solution to the standard of care (SOC) for the prevention of hospitalization and related costs in patients with HF in Finland. Methods We performed a nonrandomized pre-post telemonitoring study to estimate health care costs and resource use during 6 months on SOC followed by 6 months on SOC with a novel telemonitoring solution. The telemonitoring solution consisted of a digital platform for patient-reported symptoms and daily weight and blood pressure measurements, automatically generated alerts triggering phone calls with secondary care nurses, and rapid response to alerts by treating physicians. Telemonitoring solution data were linked to patient register data on primary care, secondary care, and hospitalization. The patient register of the Southern Savonia Social and Health Care Authority (Essote) was used. Eligible patients had at least 1 hospital admission within the last 12 months and self-reported New York Heart Association class II-IV from the central hospital in the Southern Savonia region. Results Out of 50 recruited patients with HF, 43 completed the study and were included in the analysis. The hospitalization-related cost decreased (49%; P=.03) from €2189 (95% CI €1384-€2994; a currency exchange rate of EUR €1=US $1.10589 is applicable) during SOC to €1114 (95% CI €425-€1803) during telemonitoring. The number of patients with at least 1 hospitalization due to HF was reduced by 70% (P=.002) from 20 (47%) out of 43patients during SOC to 6 (14%) out of 43 patients in telemonitoring. The estimated mean total health care cost per patient was €3124 (95% CI €2212-€4036) during SOC and €2104 (95% CI €1313-€2895) during telemonitoring, resulting in a 33% reduction (P=.07) in costs with telemonitoring. Conclusions The results suggest that the telemonitoring solution can reduce hospital-related costs for patients with HF with a recent hospital admission.
Retrospective Study of the Pattern of Pulmonary and Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis Cases in Ain Shams University Hospitals during the Period of 2016– 2022

in the productive age group (31–60 years). The positivity rate of TB cases showed a rising pattern from 2016 to 2018, where the highest rate (2.26%) was observed followed by an upwards and downwards pattern to reach its lowest rate (0.84%) in 2021. Afterwards, a sharp rise was noticed in 2022. Conclusion: TB is more prevailing among males, especially pulmonary tuberculosis. We noted an increasing trend among females. Thus, TB control approach should provide more care for those patients and propagate awareness to avoid unhealthy practices. We recommend encouraging hygienic practices as those used for COVID-19. This would help us minimize the number of TB patients, thus decreasing the financial burden.
‘EBL for the year abroad: a first review’

In 2008-9, French Studies piloted a project aimed at encouraging students to gain linguistic and cultural knowledge during their compulsory period abroad. With a small group of nine volunteers, we proposed to work on socio-cultural topics using Enquiry-Based Learning methods to encourage students, not only to observe their linguistic environment, but to engage with native speakers. However, we encountered problems of motivation and communication for which we propose future recommendations in order to prepare our students for the tasks proposed.
Uncovering the Genetics and Physiology behind Optic Neuritis

Optic neuritis (ON) is an inflammatory condition affecting the optic nerve, leading to vision impairment and potential vision loss. This manuscript aims to provide a comprehensive review of the current understanding of ON, including its definition, epidemiology, physiology, genetics, molecular pathways, therapy, ongoing clinical studies, and future perspectives. ON is characterized by inflammation of the optic nerve, often resulting from an autoimmune response. Epidemiological studies have shown a higher incidence in females and an association with certain genetic factors. The physiology of ON involves an immune-mediated attack on the myelin sheath surrounding the optic nerve, leading to demyelination and subsequent impairment of nerve signal transmission. This inflammatory process involves various molecular pathways, including the activation of immune cells and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Genetic factors play a significant role in the susceptibility to ON. Several genes involved in immune regulation and myelin maintenance have been implicated in the disease pathogenesis. Understanding the genetic basis can provide insights into disease mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets. Therapy for ON focuses on reducing inflammation and promoting nerve regeneration. Future perspectives involve personalized medicine approaches based on genetic profiling, regenerative therapies to repair damaged myelin, and the development of neuroprotective strategies. Advancements in understanding molecular pathways, genetics, and diagnostic tools offer new opportunities for targeted therapies and improved patient outcomes in the future.
Intervention Effect of Mindfulness-Based Mental Health Education Therapy on Adolescents Mobile Phone Addiction and Cognitive Tendency

Background: Teenagers are more prone to mobile phone addiction than other age groups due to their lack of self-control. This addiction to mobile phones severely affects their physical and mental health, causing irreversible harm as they grow older. As such, exploring suitable psychotherapy for their physical and mental development needs is essential, in ways that effectively change teenagers’ mobile phone addictive behaviors. Methods: An experimental study was conducted on 910 teenage volunteers recruited from 5 communities in Gansu, Hebei, and Liaoning Provinces in China from May to July 2023. The participants were screened using the Mobile Phone Addiction Index Scale (MPAI). On the basis of the evaluation results, 56 individuals were selected based on the evaluation results and randomly divided into experimental and control groups, each comprising 28 individuals. The experimental group underwent an 8-week mindfulness-based mental health education therapy. Both groups were measured before and after the intervention. Results: The mobile phone addiction score of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.001). The cognitive tendency score and mental wellbeing score of the experimental group was significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.001). Conclusion: Mindfulness-based mental health education therapy effectively alleviates teenagers’ mobile phone addiction and improves their cognitive tendencies and mental health. This approach serves as a valuable reference for effectively preventing and managing mobile phone addiction among teenagers.
Klasifikasi Informasi Kesehatan Pada Data Media Sosial Menggunakan Support Vector Machine dan K-Fold Cross Validation

Media sosial saat ini memberikan informasi yang mampu mempengaruhi masyarakat. Sehingga, kini media sosial memiliki peranan signifikan sebagai sumber rujukan yang baru oleh maysarakat. Informasi kesehatan merupakan informasi yang sering dicari oleh pengguna media sosial. Penderita penyakit mencari informasi melalui media sosial terlebih dahulu sebelum bertemu dengan tenaga kesehatan. Tetapi kebanyakan informasi tidak dapat dipastikan sebagai informasi yang sesuai. Kesalahan terkait informasi kesehatan bisa membahayakan penderita. Ini bermakna, informasi yang terdapat pada media sosial perlu mendapatkan pengesahan pakar atau tenaga kesehatan. Penelitian ini betujuan untuk mengetahui penggunaan media sosial oleh tenaga kesehatan sebagai media konsultasi dan memberikan informasi yang tidak bertentangan dengan etika profesionalisme. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik kalasifikasi Support Vector Machine (SVM). Validasi klasifikasi data yang diperoleh dilaksanakan menggunakan K-Fold Cross Validation. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan SVM dalam klasifikasi kesesuaian informasi kesehatan dengan akurasi 70% pada data yang digunakan.
Status of coral reef resources in Micronesia and American Samoa: 2008

Coral reefs in Micronesia and American Samoa appear to be amongst the most resilient in the world, despite numerous on-going threats; There has been considerable recovery of reefs in western Micronesia (especially Palau) that were devastated during the massive coral bleaching in 1998; The more remote islands support thriving communities of large reef fishes due to limited fishing pressures and habitat degradation; Fish populations around major population centres show clear signs of over-fishing with few large fish observed because of fishing pressure, particularly spear-fishers using scuba; Management and monitoring efforts are on-going throughout the region and numerous effective initiatives are promoting recovery of damaged coral reefs as well as the conservation of healthy ones; Lack of enforcement continues to be one of the major hindrances to effective resource management outcomes and more support is necessary.
Structural Studies of Bacteriophage Φ6 and Its Transformations during Its Life Cycle

From the first isolation of the cystovirus bacteriophage Φ6 from Pseudomonas syringae 50 years ago, we have progressed to a better understanding of the structure and transformations of many parts of the virion. The three-layered virion, encapsulating the tripartite double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) genome, breaches the cell envelope upon infection, generates its own transcripts, and coopts the bacterial machinery to produce its proteins. The generation of a new virion starts with a procapsid with a contracted shape, followed by the packaging of single-stranded RNA segments with concurrent expansion of the capsid, and finally replication to reconstitute the dsRNA genome. The outer two layers are then added, and the fully formed virion released by cell lysis. Most of the procapsid structure, composed of the proteins P1, P2, P4, and P7 is now known, as well as its transformations to the mature, packaged nucleocapsid. The outer two layers are less well-studied. One additional study investigated the binding of the host protein YajQ to the infecting nucleocapsid, where it enhances the transcription of the large RNA segment that codes for the capsid proteins. Finally, I relate the structural aspects of bacteriophage Φ6 to those of other dsRNA viruses, noting the similarities and differences.
Osteobiologies for Spinal Fusion from Biological Mechanisms to Clinical Applications: A Narrative Review

Degenerative lumbar spinal disease (DLSD), including spondylolisthesis and spinal stenosis, is increasing due to the aging population. Along with the disease severity, lumbar interbody fusion (LIF) is a mainstay of surgical treatment through decompression, the restoration of intervertebral heights, and the stabilization of motion segments. Currently, pseudoarthrosis after LIF is an important and unsolved issue, which is closely related to osteobiologies. Of the many signaling pathways, the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling pathway contributes to osteoblast differentiation, which is generally regulated by SMAD proteins as common in the TGF-β superfamily. BMP-2 and -4 are also inter-connected with Wnt/β-catenin, Notch, and FGF signaling pathways. With the potent potential for osteoinduction in BMP-2 and -4, the combination of allogenous bone and recombinant human BMPs (rhBMPs) is currently an ideal fusion material, which has equalized or improved fusion rates compared to traditional materials. However, safety issues in the dosage of BMP remain, so overcoming current limitations will provide significant advancement in spine surgery. In the future, translational research and the application of clinical study will be important to overcome the current limitations of spinal surgery.
Low-Grade Gliomas: Histological Subtypes, Molecular Mechanisms, and Treatment Strategies

Low-Grade Gliomas (LGGs) represent a diverse group of brain tumors originating from glial cells, characterized by their unique histopathological and molecular features. This article offers a comprehensive exploration of LGGs, shedding light on their subtypes, histological and molecular aspects. By delving into the World Health Organization’s grading system, 5th edition, various specificities were added due to an in-depth understanding of emerging laboratory techniques, especially genomic analysis. Moreover, treatment modalities are extensively discussed. The degree of surgical resection should always be considered according to postoperative quality of life and cognitive status. Adjuvant therapies focused on chemotherapy and radiotherapy depend on tumor grading and invasiveness. In the current literature, emerging targeted molecular therapies are well discussed due to their succinctly therapeutic effect; in our article, those therapies are summarized based on posttreatment results and possible adverse effects. This review serves as a valuable resource for clinicians, researchers, and medical professionals aiming to deepen their knowledge on LGGs and enhance patient care.
Effectiveness of short-term heat acclimation on intermittent performance in cold and hot environments

i PREFACE . iii LIST OF PRESENTATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS . iv LIST OF TABLES . v LIST OF FIGURES . vi LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS . vii TABLE OF CONTENTS . viii
Pain associated with breast cancer: etiologies and therapies

Pain associated with breast cancer is a prevalent problem that negatively affects quality of life. Breast cancer pain is not limited to the disease course itself but is also induced by current therapeutic strategies. This, combined with the increasing number of patients living with breast cancer, make pain management for breast cancer patients an increasingly important area of research. This narrative review presents a summary of pain associated with breast cancer, including pain related to the cancer disease process itself and pain associated with current therapeutic modalities including radiation, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and surgery. Current pain management techniques, their limitations, and novel analgesic strategies are also discussed.
Investigation Effects of Lavenders Flowers Extracts on Catalase Activity and Some Microorganisms.

The present study was proposed to examine one of the important herbal plant is known Lavender and study the interaction of its extracts with enzymatic oxidation reduction process and anti microorganism. The catalase assay in vitro was implied in this work. Lavender flower containing on essential oils has been many uses for disease treatment, this plant bring from the trading market in Iraq. The current study involved biological activity on two ways; alcoholic extract on enzymatic activity, other way hot water extract and alcoholic extract on four isolate of bacteria and one type fungi. (The weight of flower is equal to 1gm/50ml for two extracts). The results of this study demonstrated effect of lavender to be activator agent of catalase enzymatic activity and Vmax was calculated without and with extract that equal to (88.6, 208)Ku/L and km equal to (53.5, 72.4)mM respectively by Line weaver-Burk plot. The activation percentage was calculated by using different volume of Ethanolic extract, that maximum activation is recorded equal to 133.6% at substrate concentration 60 mM and 100µl alcoholic extract. On the other hand their effects on microorganism obvious in the present study that showed not effect began.