Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nutritional and Phytochemical Variation of Marula (Sclerocarya birrea) (Subspecies caffra and birrea) Fruit among Nine International Provenances Tested in Malawi

Sclerocarya birrea (Marula) is one of the indigenous fruit trees that was selected for domestication in Malawi. This study was conducted to assess nutritional and phytochemical variation of Sclerocarya birrea (subspecies caffra and birrea) fruits planted in an international provenance trial in Malawi. Vitamin C, calcium, iron, zinc, fat, and fibre content ranged from 6 to 81 mg/100 g; 1.8 to 5.3 mg/100 g; 1.4 to 3.3 mg/100 g; 0.3 to 0.8 mg/100 g; 51.6 to 57.7%; and 4.1 to 6.9%, respectively. Phytochemical scores showed that all nine provenances contained weak (+) concentration of alkaloids. Kalimbeza (Namibia) and Magamba-Turiani (Tanzania) provenances showed moderate (++) concentrations of saponins. Chikhwawa (Malawi), Missira (Mali), and Moamba (Mozambique) provenances had moderate (++) concentrations of tannins. Missira (Mali) and Kalimbeza (Namibia) provenances showed weak (+) concentration of terpenoids. Variations observed in nutritional and phytochemical composition could be attributed to genetic make-up and origin of the genotypes, since all genotypes were planted in the same environment. Therefore, selection of Sclerocarya birrea for domestication purposes should consider the provenance (origin of genotypes) and subspecies levels. Further studies should investigate vegetative propagation and heritability of nutritional and phytochemical traits before the use of seed for propagation.
Diabetes Mellitus and Heart Failure

The coexistence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and heart failure (HF) is frequent and is associated with a higher risk of hospitalization for HF and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. It has been estimated that millions of people are affected by HF and DM, and the prevalence of both conditions has increased over time. Concomitant HF and diabetes confer a worse prognosis than each alone; therefore, managing DM care is critical for preventing HF. This article reviews the prevalence of HF and diabetes and the correlated prognosis as well as provides a basic understanding of diabetic cardiomyopathy, including its pathophysiology, focusing on the relationship between DM and HF with a preserved ejection fraction and summarizes the potential aldosterone and the mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists approaches for managing heart failure and DM. Sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2Is) are an emerging class of glucose-lowering drugs, and the role of SGLT2Is in DM patients with HF was reviewed to establish updated and comprehensive concepts for improving optimal medical care in clinical practice.
Berry-Esseen and Edgeworth approximations for the tail of an infinite sum of weighted gamma random variables

Consider the sum $Z = \sum_{n=1}^\infty \lambda_n (\eta_n - \mathbb{E}\eta_n)$, where $\eta_n$ are i.i. d. ~gamma random variables with shape parameter $r > 0$, and the $\lambda_n$'s are predetermined weights. We study the asymptotic behavior of the tail $\sum_{n=M}^\infty \lambda_n (\eta_n - \mathbb{E}\eta_n)$ which is asymptotically normal under certain conditions. We derive a Berry-Essen bound and Edgeworth expansions for its distribution function. We illustrate the effectiveness of these expansions on an infinite sum of weighted chi-squared distributions.
La structure de Poisson sur l'algèbre symétrique d'une algèbre de Lie nilpotente

RÉSUMÉ. — Cet article traite du problème suivant : Soient 9 une algèbre de Lie niipotente, et G le groupe de Lie simplement connexe d'algèbre de Lie 9; les orbites de G dans 9* sont munies canoniquement d'une structure de variété symplectique. Il existe donc sur chaque orbite o des coordonnées locales pÇ, pÇ, . , p^, gÇ, gÇ, . , q^ telles que la 2-forme symplectique canonique sur ô soit égale à S, dp 0 A dq°, 1 ^ i ^ m. L'algèbre des fonctions différentiables sur l'orbite (9 est munie d'une structure de Lie par le crochet de Poisson, et on a les relations [p 0 , q°\ = Sf. Peut-on recoller les fonctions pf, q° en des fonctions définies sur un ouvert de 9 ? Ceci est possible dans le cas d'une algèbre de Lie niipotente, et on peut démontrer qu'il existe 2 m fonctions pi, pz, .» pmf '7l» îa» • • • » 9m, rationnelles qui engendrent le corps des fractions rationnelles (^ (9) sur le corps des fractions rationnelles G-invariantes et dont les restrictions pf, q° à chaque orbite ô vérifient les relations de commutation [pf, ç 0 ] = H . On déduit de ces considérations géométriques la structure de corps <©„ ^ du corps des fractions (Q (9) de l'algèbre enveloppante de 9 qui avait été étudiée par GEL'FAND et KIBILLOV.
Simplifying the B Complex: How Vitamins B6 and B9 Modulate One Carbon Metabolism in Cancer and Beyond

Vitamin B micronutrients are essential regulators of one carbon metabolism that ensures human health. Vitamin B9, or folate, lies at the heart of the folate cycle and converges with the methionine cycle to complete the one carbon pathway. Additionally, vitamin B6 contributes by orchestrating the flux of one carbon cycling. Dysregulation of vitamin B contributes to altered biochemical signaling that manifests in a spectrum of human diseases. This review presents an analysis of the past, present, and future work, highlighting the interplay between folate and vitamin B6 in one carbon metabolism. Emerging insights include advances in metabolomic-based mass spectrometry and the use of live-cell metabolic labeling. Cancer is used as a focal point to dissect vitamin crosstalk and highlight new insights into the roles of folate and vitamin B6 in metabolic control. This collection of vitamin-based research detailing the trends of one carbon metabolism in human disease exemplifies how the future of personalized medicine could unfold using this new base of knowledge and ultimately provide next-generation therapeutics.
Consistent Static Models of Local Thermospheric Composition Profiles

The authors investigate the ideal, nondriven multifluid equations of motion to identify consistent (i.e., truly stationary), mechanically static models for composition profiles within the thermosphere. These physically faithful functions are necessary to define the parametric core of future empirical atmospheric models and climatologies. Based on the strength of interspecies coupling, the thermosphere has three altitude regions: (1) the lower thermosphere (herein z ~200 km), in which the species flows are approximately uncoupled; and (3) a transition region in between, where the effective species particle mass and the effective species vertical flow interpolate between the solutions for the upper and lower thermosphere. We place this view in the context of current terminology within the community, i.e., a fully mixed (lower) region and an upper region in diffusive equilibrium (DE). The latter condition, DE, currently used in empirical composition models, does not represent a truly static composition profile in the presence of finite thermal diffusion. Rather, species by species hydrostatic balance is a consistent (i.e., stationary) static representation of vertical thermospheric composition profiles.
Museologi på AU. En evaluering af uddannelsen ud fra Knud Illeris’ kompetenceformel

På Aarhus Universitet (AU) har vi i regi af Center for Museologi (CfM) og vores bachelortilvalgsuddannelse i museologiske studier siden 2001 systematisk arbejdet med at bygge bro mellem akademisk, professionsrettet praksis og den faktiske praksis i museumssektoren. Det har vi gjort ved at sende de studerende i praktik på museer og tilsvarende kulturinstitutioner og ved at arbejde med problemorienteret ud-af-huset-undervisning i samarbejde med museer samt hands-on-øvelser på selve universitetet. I denne artikel vil vi ved hjælp af den danske læringsteoretiker Knud Illeris’ (2012, kap. 7) kompetencebegreb og “kompetenceformel” analysere og diskutere det anvendte kompetencebegreb i den aktuelle udgave af studieordningen for praktikmodulet i AU’s museologiske studier. Ligeledes vil vi ud fra samme kompetenceformel analysere og diskutere de studerendes arbejdsopgaver, som de fremgår af deres kontrakter med praktikmuseerne og praktikevalueringerne, som er blevet udfærdiget af de studerende og museerne i fællesskab.
Predictive Trajectory Control Strategy for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Drives Based on Deadbeat Predictive Flux Linkage Control Method

Deadbeat predictive controller features a two-sample step response with the existence of one-sampling-period digital delay in a motor drive. However, voltage deficiency is common during abrupt torque change and it inevitably degrades the dynamic performance. In this article, a novel predictive trajectory control strategy with improved dynamic performance is presented for permanent magnet synchronous motor drives. The predictive trajectory controller is developed based on a deadbeat predictive flux linkage controller, and it aims to achieve fast current transient response considering the voltage and current constraint. With the control scheme, deadbeat response is achieved for the case of sufficient voltage margin, and transient performance is optimized for the case of insufficient voltage margin. Solution of the optimization problem is visualized with a geometrical description and analyzed in different spaces. In addition, the trajectory optimization is combined with dynamic overmodulation algorithm to simplify the computation and save the code execution time. Experimental results are finally provided to validate the excellent performance and low computational cost of the proposed control scheme.
Least-squares method for recovering multiple medium parameters

We present a two-stage least-squares method for inverse medium problems of reconstructing multiple unknown coefficients simultaneously from noisy data. A direct sampling method is applied to detect the location of the inhomogeneity in the first stage, while a total least-squares method with a mixed regularization is used to recover the medium profile in the second stage. The total least-squares method is designed to minimize the residual of the model equation and the data fitting, along with an appropriate regularization, in an attempt to significantly improve the accuracy of the approximation obtained from the first stage. We shall also present an analysis on the well-posedness and convergence of this algorithm. Numerical experiments are carried out to verify the accuracies and robustness of this novel two-stage least-squares algorithm, with high tolerance of noise in the data.
Clean‐label poisoning attacks on federated learning for IoT

Federated Learning (FL) is suitable for the application scenarios of distributed edge collaboration of the Internet of Things (IoT). It can provide data security and privacy, which is why it is widely used in the IoT applications such as Industrial IoT (IIoT). Latest research shows that the federated learning framework is vulnerable to poisoning attacks in the case of an active attack by the adversary. However, the existing backdoor attack methods are easy to be detected by the defence methods. To address this challenge, we focus on edge‐cloud synergistic FL clean‐label attacks. Unlike common backdoor attack, to ensure the attack's concealment, we add a small perturbation to realize the clean label attack by judging the cosine similarity between the gradient of the adversarial loss and the gradient of the normal training loss. In order to improve the attack success rate and robustness, the attack is implemented when the global model is about to converge. The experimental results verified that 1% of poisoned data could make an attack successful with a high probability. Our method maintains stealth while performing model poisoning attacks, and the average Peak Signal‐to‐Noise Ratio (PSNR) of poisoning images reaches over 30 dB, and the average Structural SIMilarity (SSIM) is close to 0.93. Most importantly, our attack method can bypass the Byzantine aggregation defence.
Observation of SCS decay $D^{+,0}\to\omega\pi$ and branching fraction measurement of $D^0\to K_S^0K^+K^-$

Using a data set of 2.92 $fb^{-1}$ of $e^+e^-$ collisions at the $\Psi$(3770) mass accumulated with the BESIII experiment we present preliminary results from our study of the singly Cabibbo-suppressed decays $D\to\omega\pi$ and the decay of $D^0\to K_S^0K^+K^-$. The decay $D^+\to\omega\pi^+$ is observed for the first time with a significance of 5.4$\sigma$ and we find evidence of 4.1$\sigma$ for the decay $D^0\to\omega\pi^0$. As a cross-check the branching fraction $D\to\eta\pi$ is measured and is found to be compatible with the current PDG value. The branching fraction of the decay $D^0\to K_S^0K^+K^-$ is measured in an untagged analysis with 11743$\pm$113 signal events and is found to be (4.622$\pm$0.045(stat.)$\pm$0.181(sys.))$\times 10^{-3}$. This is compatible with previous measurements but with significant improved precision.
A traça-da-uva, Lobesia botrana, na Região Demarcada do Douro: Efeito da sub-região, ano, geração e casta, na intensidade do ataque da praga

A traça-da-uva, Lobesia botrana, é praga-chave da vinha na Região Demarcada do Douro (RDD). A sua importância económica, a par da necessidade de reduzir o uso de inseticidas de síntese na vinha, conferem relevância ao desenvolvimento de estratégias de proteção contra a praga, alternativas aos meios químicos. Incluem-se nestas estratégias, a seleção das castas, as medidas culturais e a confusão sexual. O seu adequado uso obriga a um aprofundado conhecimento do comportamento do inseto em relação a diversos parâmetros biológicos. Com o presente trabalho, pretendeu-se, através da análise de dados recolhidos entre 2000 e 2019, estudar a influência, na intensidade do ataque de L. botrana, na RDD, da sub-região, ano, geração e casta. Os resultados mostraram que, a intensidade do ataque da praga: i) foi, em geral, inferior no Douro Superior, comparativamente, quer ao Cima Corgo quer ao Baixo Corgo; ii) diferiu entre anos, na dependência das condições climáticas, mas tendencialmente diminuiu ao longo dos anos; iii) na primeira geração, em geral manteve-se em valores inferiores ao nível económico de ataque, enquanto nas restantes gerações se situou entre os limites estabelecidos para o mesmo (i.e. 1 – 10% cachos atacados); iv) as castas ‘Touriga Franca’, no caso das castas tintas, e ‘Malvasia Fina’, no caso das castas brancas foram, de entre as estudadas, as tendencialmente mais atacadas.
Rotating Black Holes as Central Engines of Long Gamma-Ray Bursts : Faster is Better

We performed simulations of collapsars with different Kerr parameters of a = 0, 0.5, 0.9, and 0.95. It was shown that a more rapidly rotating black hole is driving a more energetic jet. No jet is seen for the case of the Schwartzschild black-hole case, while the total energy of the jet is as large as 10 50 erg for a rapidly rotating Kerr black-hole case (a = 0.95). In order to explain the high luminosity of a gamma-ray burst, it is concluded that a rapidly rotating black hole is favored (‘faster is better’). We also find that in the case of a = 0.95, (i) a stagnation region is clearly found in the jet region, (ii) ordered poloidal field lines are seen in the jet, (iii) the jet region is surrounded by a ‘wall-like’ structure that has a higher pressure than the jet region, and contains strong vertical magnetic fields, and (iv) the jet is initiated by an outgoing Poynting flux from the outer horizon of the black hole (Blandford–Znajek effect). The bulk Lorentz factor of the jet is still on the order of unity. However, the energy density of electro-magnetic fields is dominated by the one of rest-mass in the jet. It can be expected that a relativistic jet will be seen if we perform a simulation for a longer time scale (of the order of 10–100 s).
Discovery of VHE gamma-rays from the radio galaxy PKS 0625-354 with H.E.S.S

Michal Dyrda∗a, Alicja Wierzcholskab,a†, Olivier Hervetc, Rafal Moderskid, Mateusz Janiakd, Michal Ostrowskie and Łukasz Stawarze for the H.E. S.S. Collaboration a Institute of Nuclear Physics, PAS, ul. Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342 Krakow, Poland b Landessternwarte, Universitat Heidelberg, Konigstuhl 12, D 69117 Heidelberg, Germany c LUTH, Observatoire de Paris, CNRS, Universit Paris Diderot, 5 Place Jules Janssen, 92190
Development of innovative technology for processing secondary raw materials in the meat industry

The slaughtered animals’ blood is a valuable secondary raw material in the meat industry. In this investigation, we propose a separation freezing technology for the blood, blood plasma and hemoglobin solution concentration. The processes of secondary meat raw materials separation freezing were studied for which the experiments for freezing in a capacitive crystallizer were conducted. The dependence of the freezing duration on the heat exchange surface temperature is determined and the cryoconcentration efficiency criterion is calculated. It is proved that the greatest freezing efficiency is observed at the heat exchange surface temperature of minus 2°C. At this temperature, the lowest dry matter loss was observed. The experiment in the separation freeze drying of a hemoglobin solution with the use of re-cryoconcentration was conducted. It is established that this technology can significantly reduce the dry matter loss. The pig blood plasma analysis before and after crystallization was conducted. It was found that crystallization has almost no effect on the amount and ratio of amino acids in the product.
X-ray development of the classical nova V2672 Ophiuchi with Suzaku

We report on the Suzaku detection of a rapid flare-like X-ray flux amplification early in the development of the classical nova V2672 Ophiuchi. Two target-of-opportunity ∼25ks X-ray observations were made 12 and 22d after the outburst. The flux amplification was found in the latter half of day 12. Time-sliced spectra are characterized by a growing supersoft excess with edge-like structures and a relatively stable optically-thin thermal component with Kα emission lines from highly ionized Si. The observed spectral evolution is consistent with a model that has a time development of circumstellar absorption, for which we obtained a decline rate of ∼10%‐40% on a time scale of 0.2d on day 12. Such a rapid drop of absorption and short-term flux variability on day 12 suggests inhomogeneous ejecta with dense blobs/holes in the line-of-sight. Then on day 22 the fluxes of both supersoft and thin-thermal plasma components became significantly fainter. Based on the serendipitous results we discuss the nature of this source in the context of both short- and long-term X-ray behavior.
Decoding the User’s Movements Preparation From EEG Signals Using Vision Transformer Architecture

Electroencephalography (EEG) signals have a major impact on how well assistive rehabilitation devices work. These signals have become a common technique in recent studies to investigate human motion functions and behaviors. However, incorporating EEG signals to investigate motor planning or movement intention could benefit all patients who can plan motion but are unable to execute it. In this paper, the movement planning of the lower limb was investigated using EEG signal and bilateral movements were employed, including dorsiflexion and plantar flexion of the right and left ankle joint movements. The proposed system uses Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) to generate a time–frequency (TF) map of each EEG signal in the motor cortex and then uses the extracted images as input to a deep learning model for classification. Deep Learning (DL) models are created based on vision transformer architecture (ViT) which is the state-of-the-art of image classification and also the proposed models were compared with residual neural network (ResNet). The proposed technique reveals a significant classification performance for the multiclass problem (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$p < 0.0001$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) where the classification accuracy was <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$97.33~\pm ~1.86$ </tex-math></inline-formula> % and the F score, recall and precision were <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$97.32~\pm ~1.88$ </tex-math></inline-formula> %, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$97.30~\pm ~1.90$ </tex-math></inline-formula> % and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$97.36~\pm ~1.81$ </tex-math></inline-formula> % respectively. These results show that DL is a promising technique that can be applied to investigate the user’s movements intention from EEG signals and highlight the potential of the proposed model for the development of future brain-machine interface (BMI) for neurorehabilitation purposes.
Secular Evolution of Galaxies: Galaxy morphology

Galaxy morphology is a product of how galaxies formed, how they interacted with their environment, how they were influenced by internal perturbations, AGN, and dark matter, and of their varied star formation histories. This article reviews the phenomenology of galaxy morphology and classification with a view to delineating as many types as possible and how they relate to physical interpretations. The old classification systems are refined, and new types introduced, as the explosion in available morphological data has modified our views on the structure and evolution of galaxies. Subject headings: galaxies: spiral; galaxies: elliptical; galaxies: S0s; galaxies: structure; galaxies: high redshift; galaxies: classification; galaxies: peculiar; galaxies: dwarfs; galaxies: clusters; galaxies: active; galaxies: isolated; galaxies: Galaxy Zoo project
INTEGRAL deep observations of the Small Magellanic Cloud

Deep observations of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) and region were carried out in the hard X-ray band by the INTEGRAL observatory in 2008-2009. The field of view of the instrument permitted simultaneous coverage of the entire SMC and the eastern end of the Magellanic Bridge. In total, INTEGRAL detected seven sources in the SMC and five in the Magellanic Bridge; the majority of the sources were previously unknown systems. Several of the new sources were detected undergoing bright X- ray outbursts and all the sources exhibited transient behaviour except the supergiant system SMC X-1. They are all thought to be High Mass X-ray Binary (HMXB) systems in which the compact object is a neutron star.
Towards the Simulation of a Realistic Large-Scale Spiking Network on a Desktop Multi-GPU System

The reproduction of the brain ’sactivity and its functionality is the main goal of modern neuroscience. To this aim, several models have been proposed to describe the activity of single neurons at different levels of detail. Then, single neurons are linked together to build a network, in order to reproduce complex behaviors. In the literature, different network-building rules and models have been described, targeting realistic distributions and connections of the neurons. In particular, the Granular layEr Simulator (GES) performs the granular layer network reconstruction considering biologically realistic rules to connect the neurons. Moreover, it simulates the network considering the Hodgkin–Huxley model. The work proposed in this paper adopts the network reconstruction model of GES and proposes a simulation module based on Leaky Integrate and Fire (LIF) model. This simulator targets the reproduction of the activity of large scale networks, exploiting the GPU technology to reduce the processing times. Experimental results show that a multi-GPU system reduces the simulation of a network with more than 1.8 million neurons from approximately 54 to 13 h.