Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Transient X-Ray Sources in the Magellanic-type Galaxy NGC 4449

We report the identification of seven transient X-ray sources in the nearby Magellanic-type galaxy NGC 4449 using archival multi-epoch X-ray observations conducted with the Chandra, XMM-Newton, and Swift telescopes over the years 2001–2013. Among them, two sources are classified as supersoft X-ray sources (SSSs) because of their soft X-ray color; the rest of the sources are X-ray binaries (XRBs). Transient SSSs’ spectra can be fitted with a blackbody of effective temperature ∼80–105 eV, and luminosities were in 0.3–8 keV. These properties are consistent with the widely accepted model for SSSs, an accreting white dwarf with steady nuclear burning on its surface, and the SSS emission has also been observed in many post-nova systems. Detailed analysis of one sufficiently bright SSS revealed strong short-term variability, possibly showing a 2.3-hr periodic modulation, and long-term variability, detectable over 23 years with different X-ray telescopes before the year 2003. The X-ray properties of four other transients are consistent with neutron star or black hole binaries in their hard state, whereas the remaining source is most likely an XRB with a quasi-soft X-ray spectrum. Analysis of archival Hubble Space Telescope image data was also conducted, and multiple massive stars were found as possible counterparts. We conclude that the X-ray transient properties in NGC 4449 are similar to those in other Magellanic-type galaxies.
E-Cardiac Care: A Comprehensive Systematic Literature Review

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a complete ecosystem encompassing various communication technologies, sensors, hardware, and software. IoT cutting-edge technologies and Artificial Intelligence (AI) have enhanced the traditional healthcare system considerably. The conventional healthcare system faces many challenges, including avoidable long wait times, high costs, a conventional method of payment, unnecessary long travel to medical centers, and mandatory periodic doctor visits. A Smart healthcare system, Internet of Things (IoT), and AI are arguably the best-suited tailor-made solutions for all the flaws related to traditional healthcare systems. The primary goal of this study is to determine the impact of IoT, AI, various communication technologies, sensor networks, and disease detection/diagnosis in Cardiac healthcare through a systematic analysis of scholarly articles. Hence, a total of 104 fundamental studies are analyzed for the research questions purposefully defined for this systematic study. The review results show that deep learning emerges as a promising technology along with the combination of IoT in the domain of E-Cardiac care with enhanced accuracy and real-time clinical monitoring. This study also pins down the key benefits and significant challenges for E-Cardiology in the domains of IoT and AI. It further identifies the gaps and future research directions related to E-Cardiology, monitoring various Cardiac parameters, and diagnosis patterns.
Generation of Bianchi Type V String Cosmological Models with Bulk Viscosity

Bianchi type V string cosmological models with bulk viscisity for massive string are investigated. The bulk viscisity is assumed to vary with time in such a manner that it is related to simple power function of the energy density. Using generation technique (Camci et al.,2001), it is shown that Einstein’s field equations are solvable for any arbitrary cosmic scale function. Solution for particular form of cosmic scale functions are also obtained. It is found that solutions based on generation technique are relavant to the obsevational results. Some physical and geometrical aspect of the models are also discussed.
Nickel in the Environment: Bioremediation Techniques for Soils with Low or Moderate Contamination in European Union

The review deals with the environmental problem caused by low or moderate nickel concentrations in soils. The main effects of this potentially toxic element on the soil biota and the most common crop species are addressed. Moreover, the paper emphasises biological remediation methods against nickel pollution in European soils. The focus is on the well-accepted phytoremediation strategy alone or in combination with other more or less innovative bioremediation approaches such as microbial bioremediation, vermiremediation and the use of amendments and sequestrants. Results acquired in real field and laboratory experiments to fight against nickel contamination are summarised and compared. The main objective was to evidence the ability of the above natural techniques to reduce the nickel concentration in contaminated sites at a not-risky level. In conclusion, the examined works agree that the efficiency of phytoremediation could be implemented with co-remediation approaches, but further studies with clear and comparable indices are strongly recommended to meet the challenges for future application at a large scale.
Principal Drivers of Fungal Communities Associated with Needles, Shoots, Roots and Adjacent Soil of Pinus sylvestris

The plant- and soil-associated microbial communities are critical to plant health and their resilience to stressors, such as drought, pathogens, and pest outbreaks. A better understanding of the structure of microbial communities and how they are affected by different environmental factors is needed to predict and manage ecosystem responses to climate change. In this study, we carried out a country-wide analysis of fungal communities associated with Pinus sylvestris growing under different environmental conditions. Needle, shoot, root, mineral, and organic soil samples were collected at 30 sites. By interconnecting the high-throughput sequencing data, environmental variables, and soil chemical properties, we were able to identify key factors that drive the diversity and composition of fungal communities associated with P. sylvestris. The fungal species richness and community composition were also found to be highly dependent on the site and the substrate they colonize. The results demonstrated that different functional tissues and the rhizosphere soil of P. sylvestris are associated with diverse fungal communities, which are driven by a combination of climatic (temperature and precipitation) and edaphic factors (soil pH), and stand characteristics.
Study of a BIM-Based Cyber-Physical System and Intelligent Disaster Prevention System in Taipei Main Station

Because of its large area and complicated space utilization, in the event of a disaster, rescue efforts in specific areas of Taipei Main Station would be difficult. In addition, rescue efforts are also difficult to implement, because each area is managed by different units. In order to ensure emergency and safe evacuation of passengers and reduce the loss of related property during a disaster, a suitable disaster prevention system is required. This study conducted risk assessment based on the triggering factors of disaster types over the years. After synthesizing the results of the disaster risk assessment, a disaster preparedness contingency plan was designed. According to the Incident Command System (ICS), this study formulated the usual management measures and emergency response procedures for various levels of disasters. When an accident occurs, the system can automatically initiate various emergency disaster relief measures, monitor the development of the incident, transmit disaster information, and coordinate disaster emergency response procedures. This study established a building information modeling (BIM)-based cyber-physical system (CPS) and intelligent disaster prevention system integrated under the overall management of the Intelligent Joint Emergency Operation Center. The “Taipei Main Station Intelligent Disaster Prevention System” can manage the disaster prevention and relief information of various business entities in a unified way, and provide an intelligent disaster prevention function integrating BIM and virtual reality (VR). This system is functionally verified through exercises such as short-circuiting of wires in advertising boxes, firefighter disaster relief drills, indiscriminate violent attacks, and demolition of explosives. In this study, ICS was established through expert interviews, disaster-causing factors over the years, and a cloud-based electronic management system was established in combination with the BIM platform. The system provides emergency and safe evacuation of passengers in the event of a disaster, and reduces the loss of related properties.
Dissipation, Residue and Dietary Intake Risk Assessment of Penthiopyrad in Eggplants and Its Removal Using Various Household Processing Techniques

A field trial was conducted to illustrate the dissipation and residue and assess the dietary intake risk of penthiopyrad in eggplants, and the distribution was further estimated after different household processing methods. Penthiopyrad dissipated quickly in eggplants, with half-lives of 1.85–2.56 days. The final residue data indicated that following the recommended spraying method, penthiopyrad would not threaten human health. Risk quotient results (<<100%) also demonstrated that the dietary intake risk of penthiopyrad in eggplants for Chinese consumers could be negligible. Washing, peeling and thermal treatments had significant removal effects on penthiopyrad from eggplants (0 < processing factor < 0.60). The characterization of the dissipation and distribution of penthiopyrad in field and processed eggplant samples could provide a more realistic reference for risk assessment of processed products, as well as some information for humans who may be exposed to penthiopyrad.
Effects of current treatments for trauma survivors with posttraumatic stress disorder on reducing a negative self-concept: a systematic review and meta-analysis

ABSTRACT Background: A negative self-concept is characterised by dysfunctional cognitions about the self and has been suggested to be a key factor involved in the development and maintenance of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In addition, the current definitions of PTSD according to DSM-5 and the new ICD-11 diagnosis of Complex PTSD (CPTSD) include aspects of negative self-concept in their diagnostic criteria. Objective: The aim of this meta-analysis was to synthesise the currently available evidence on the effects of psychological interventions for PTSD on negative self-concept. Methods: PubMed, PsychINFO, PSYNDEX, PTSDpubs and Cochrane Library were searched for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of psychological treatments for PTSD symptoms in adults, published up to February 2021. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted, with risk of bias assessed by the Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tool. Results: A total of 25 RCTs (N = 2585) were included in the meta-analysis. Results showed that psychological interventions significantly improve a negative self-concept with a moderate to large controlled effect size (k = 30, g = 0.67, 95% CI [0.31, 1.02], p < .001) at post-treatment. Heterogeneity between studies was large but could not be accounted for by moderators included in the current analysis, i.e. different types of interventions (e.g. with vs. without a cognitive restructuring component, trauma-focused vs. not). Conclusions: Current treatments for PTSD are effective in reducing a negative self-concept. However, more research is needed to identify moderators of this effect and identify interventions that are most effective for reducing negative self-concept. HIGHLIGHTS Posttraumatic stress disorder is related to a negative self-concept. In this meta-analysis, we found that existing treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder reduce a negative self-concept. Future research is needed to identify interventions that are most effective in reducing a negative self-concept.
Genome-wide identification of the rubber tree superoxide dismutase (SOD) gene family and analysis of its expression under abiotic stress

Background The rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) is the only species capable of producing high-quality natural rubber for commercial use, and is often subjected to various abiotic stresses in non-traditional rubber plantation areas. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a vital metalloenzyme translated by a SOD gene family member and acts as a first-line of protection in plant cells by catalysing the disproportionation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to produce H2O2 and O2. However, the SOD gene family is not reported in rubber trees. Methods Here, we used hidden markov model (HMM) and BLASTP methods to identify SOD genes in the H. brasiliensis genome. Phylogenetic tree, conserved motifs, gene structures, cis elements, and gene ontology annotation (GO) analyses were performed using MEGA 6.0, MEME, TBtools, PlantCARE, and eggNOG database, respectively. HbSOD gene expression profiles were analysed using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results We identified nine HbSOD genes in the rubber tree genome, including five HbCSDs, two HbFSDs, and two HbMSDs. Phylogenetic relationship analysis classified the SOD proteins from the rubber tree and other related species into three subfamilies. The results of gene structure and conserved motif analysis illustrated that most HbSOD genes have similar exon-intron numbers and conserved motifs in the same evolutionary branch. Five hormone-related, four stress-related, and light-responsive elements were detected in the HbSODs’ promoters. HbSODs were expressed in different tissues, gradually increased with leaf development, and were abundantly expressed in mature leaves. HbCSD2 and HbCSD4 was significantly upregulated under low and high temperatures, and salt stress, except for HbCSD2, by heat. Furthermore, most HbSOD genes were significantly upregulated by drought, except HbMSD2. These findings imply that these genes may play vital roles in rubber tree stress resistance. Our results provide a basis for further studies on the functions of HbSOD genes in rubber trees and stress response mechanisms.
Genetics and Molecular Biology

Blastocerus dichotomus is the largest deer in South America. We have used 25 microsatellite markers detected and genotyped by Next Generation Sequencing to estimate the genetic variability of B. dichotomus in Argentina, where most of its populations are threatened. Primer design was based on the sequence of a shallow partial genome (15,967,456 reads; 16.66% genome coverage, mean depth 1.64) of a single individual. From the thousands of microsatellite loci found, even under high stringency selection, we chose and tested a set of 80 markers on 30 DNA samples extracted from tissue and feces from three Argentinean populations. Heterozygosity levels were low across all loci in all populations (H=0.31 to 0.40). Amplicon sequencing is a fast, easy, and affordable technique that can be very useful for the characterization of microsatellite marker sets for the conservation genetics of non-model organisms. This work is also one of the first ones to use amplicon sequencing in non-invasive samples and represents an important development for the study of threatened species.
Molecular Classification of Colorectal Cancer by microRNA Profiling: Correlation with the Consensus Molecular Subtypes (CMS) and Validation of miR-30b Targets

Simple Summary Colorectal cancer is one of the most significant causes of cancer mortality worldwide. Patients stratification is central to improve clinical practice and the Consensus Molecular Subtypes (CMS) have been validated as a useful tool to predict both prognosis and treatment response. This is the first study describing that microRNA profiling can define colorectal cancer CMS subtypes as well as mRNA profiling. MicroRNAs small size facilitates its analysis in serum facilitating a real-time analysis of the disease course. Three microRNA subtypes are identified: miR-LS is associated with the low-stroma/CMS2-subtype; miR-MI with the mucinous-MSI/CMS1-subtype and miR-HS with the high-stroma/CMS4-subtype. MicroRNA novel subtypes and association to the CMS classification were externally validated using TGCA data. Analyzing both mRNAs and miRs in the same population enabled identification of miR target genes and altered biological pathways. A miR-mRNA interaction screening and regulatory network selected major miR targets and was functionally validated for the miR30b/SCL6A4 pair. Abstract Colorectal cancer consensus molecular subtypes (CMSs) are widely accepted and constitutes the basis for patient stratification to improve clinical practice. We aimed to find whether miRNAs could reproduce molecular subtypes, and to identify miRNA targets associated to the High-stroma/CMS4 subtype. The expression of 939 miRNAs was analyzed in tumors classified in CMS. TALASSO was used to find gene-miRNA interactions. A miR-mRNA regulatory network was constructed using Cytoscape. Candidate gene-miR interactions were validated in 293T cells. Hierarchical-Clustering identified three miRNA tumor subtypes (miR-LS; miR-MI; and miR-HS) which were significantly associated (p < 0.001) to the reported mRNA subtypes. miR-LS correlated with the low-stroma/CMS2; miR-MI with the mucinous-MSI/CMS1 and miR-HS with high-stroma/CMS4. MicroRNA tumor subtypes and association to CMSs were validated with TCGA datasets. TALASSO identified 1462 interactions (p < 0.05) out of 21,615 found between 176 miRs and 788 genes. Based on the regulatory network, 88 miR-mRNA interactions were selected as candidates. This network was functionally validated for the pair miR-30b/SLC6A6. We found that miR-30b overexpression silenced 3′-UTR-SLC6A6-driven luciferase expression in 293T-cells; mutation of the target sequence in the 3′-UTR-SLC6A6 prevented the miR-30b inhibitory effect. In conclusion CRC subtype classification using a miR-signature might facilitate a real-time analysis of the disease course and treatment response.
Threshold grouping method to derive complex networks from time series

We propose a new method to derive complex networks from time series data. Each data point in the time series is treated as a single node and nodes are connected if their values differ by a value less than a threshold. The method is easy to implement and transforms periodic time series into regular networks, and random time series into random networks. Network specific properties such as scale freeness, small world effects and the presence of hubs are captured by this method. The method converts a chaotic time series into a scale-free network. The method is applied on a model time series (a chaotic time series of Henon map, a periodic time series and a random time series) and an experimental time series (fluctuating pressure time series measured from the combustor involving turbulent flow). The complex network derived from the Henon map obeys a power law degree distribution, highlighting the scale free behavior of the associated chaotic state. The motivation for proposing the present method is that the method is able to convert specific patterns in the dynamics of a time series into spatial structures in the complex network. We show this specialty of the present method by constructing a complex network from a time series of acoustic pressure measured from a combustor involving turbulent flow that exhibits intermittency. The intermittent bursts in the considered time series are converted into clusters in the corresponding complex network. Keywords: Time series analysis; Complex networks; Threshold grouping method
Critical Review on Physiological and Molecular Features during Bovine Mammary Gland Development: Recent Advances

The mammary gland is a unique organ with the ability to undergo repeated cyclic changes throughout the life of mammals. Among domesticated livestock species, ruminants (cattle and buffalo) constitute a distinct class of livestock species that are known milk producers. Cattle and buffalo contribute to 51 and 13% of the total milk supply in the world, respectively. They also play an essential role in the development of the economy for farming communities by providing milk, meat, and draft power. The development of the ruminant mammary gland is highly dynamic and multiphase in nature. There are six developmental stages: embryonic, prepubertal, pubertal, pregnancy, lactation, and involution. There has been substantial advancement in our understanding of the development of the mammary gland in both mouse and human models. Until now, there has not been a thorough investigation into the molecular processes that underlie the various stages of cow udder development. The current review sheds light on the morphological and molecular changes that occur during various developmental phases in diverse species, with a particular focus on the cow udder. It aims to explain the physiological differences between cattle and non-ruminant mammalian species such as humans, mice, and monkeys. Understanding the developmental biology of the mammary gland in molecular detail, as well as species-specific variations, will facilitate the researchers working in this area in further studies on cellular proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, organogenesis, and carcinogenesis. Additionally, in-depth knowledge of the mammary gland will promote its use as a model organ for research work and promote enhanced milk yield in livestock animals without affecting their health and welfare.
Targeting Chromatin-Remodeling Factors in Cancer Cells: Promising Molecules in Cancer Therapy

ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling complexes can reorganize and remodel chromatin and thereby act as important regulator in various cellular processes. Based on considerable studies over the past two decades, it has been confirmed that the abnormal function of chromatin remodeling plays a pivotal role in genome reprogramming for oncogenesis in cancer development and/or resistance to cancer therapy. Recently, exciting progress has been made in the identification of genetic alteration in the genes encoding the chromatin-remodeling complexes associated with tumorigenesis, as well as in our understanding of chromatin-remodeling mechanisms in cancer biology. Here, we present preclinical evidence explaining the signaling mechanisms involving the chromatin-remodeling misregulation-induced cancer cellular processes, including DNA damage signaling, metastasis, angiogenesis, immune signaling, etc. However, even though the cumulative evidence in this field provides promising emerging molecules for therapeutic explorations in cancer, more research is needed to assess the clinical roles of these genetic cancer targets.
Entropy functionals for nonholonomic geometric flows, quasiperiodic Ricci solitons, and emergent gravity

We investigate gravity models emerging from nonholonomic (subjected to non-integrable constraints) Ricci flows. Considering generalizations of G. Perelman's entropy functionals, relativistic geometric flow equations, nonholonomic Ricci soliton and equivalent (modified) Einstein equations are derived. There are studied nonholonomic configurations which allow explicit modelling of E. Verlinde type entropic scenarios for gravity and dark matter. Using the anholonomic frame deformation method, the systems of nonlinear partial differential equations for such geometric flow evolution and/or nonlinear dynamical and gravitations systems can be decoupled and integrated in general forms. We elaborate on stationary models of emergent gravity with quasi-periodic gravitational, matter fields and dark energy/matter structure. Such configurations cannot be described thermodynamically using the concept of Bekenstein-Hawking entropy if there are not involved additionally any area-entropy, holographic or duality relations. We elaborate on nonholonomic deformations of the F- and W-entropy and formulation of relativistic thermodynamic models for more general classes of physically important solutions with quasiperiodic and pattern forming structure in modified gravity theories and general relativity.