Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identifying conflicts and opportunities for collaboration in the management of a wildlife resource: a mixed-methods approach

Context The sustainable management of many common-pool ecological resources can be strengthened through collaboration among stakeholder groups. However, the benefits of collaborative management are often not realised because of conflicts of interest among stakeholders. Effective strategies for enhancing collaborative management require an understanding of the trade-offs that managers make between different management outcomes and an understanding of the socioeconomic and location-specific differences that drive these preferences. Approaches based on quantitative or qualitative methods alone often fail to reveal some of the underlying factors inhibiting collaboration. Aims Our aim was to understand the relative importance that private-sector deer managers attach to changes in the following three outcomes of deer management: deer numbers, deer-related road-traffic accidents (RTAs) and deer impacts on conservation woodlands. Methods We used a mixed-methods approach, combining choice-experiment methodology with qualitative analysis of focus-group discussions from 10 study regions throughout Britain. Key results Our results showed that most of the private-sector stakeholders responsible for deer-management decisions at the local level would prefer to see a future with fewer deer-related RTAs but do not want to see a future with lower deer population levels. This is especially the case for those stakeholders managing for sporting purposes and those that rely on deer as a financial resource. Conclusions The preferences of many private-sector stakeholders responsible for deer management are at odds with those of private landowners currently experiencing economic and conservation damage from deer, and with the aims of government and non-government bodies seeking to reduce grazing and browsing damage through lower deer densities. Similar barriers to collaborative management are likely to exist in any situations where ecological resources deliver an unequal distribution of benefits and costs among stakeholders. Implications Overcoming barriers to collaboration requires enhanced understanding of how different collaborative mechanisms are viewed amongst the stakeholder community and how collaborative management can be promoted. More holistic approaches to deer management, which include greater public awareness, additional road-traffic speed restrictions and appropriate fencing, or perhaps include deer-population reduction as only one of a suite of mechanisms for delivering multiple benefits from the land, are likely to gain more support from private-sector stakeholders. Mixed-methods approaches can provide an important first step in terms of both quantifying preferences in relation to the management of ecological resources and enabling detailed insights into the motivations and behaviours underlying them.
Development of Japanese EMC Engineering in 1996-2009 and Prospects

Subjects in Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) research that have been presented at meetings of the IEICE Technical Committee on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMCJ) are overviewed and categorized. The temporal changes in the proportions of the categorized subjects among the total number of presentations each year is also shown. Finally, speculative opinions are presented on what EMC subjects will be studied in the near future.
First occurence of Drosophila Suzukii in the Sauternes vineyards

Aim : The present work reports the detection of a new fruit fly species in Sauternes vineyards (Aquitaine region, France): Drosophila suzukii . Methods and results : Drosophila were collected in two Sauternes vineyards, at the beginning of the harvest time in 2011, using food traps with apple molasses baits. The surveys led to the detection of the invasive species D. suzukii . In addition, rotting bunches were randomly taken in each vineyard but no D. suzukii emerged from them. The Drosophila community found in traps and on bunches was dominated by D. melanogaster. Conclusion : D. suzukii , although present in the vineyard agroecosystem of Sauternes, did not cause any noticeable damage in 2011. However, population monitoring should be continued. Significance and impact of the study : This first occurrence report of the invasive species D. suzukii in the Bordeaux vineyard should motivate further surveys of this potential pest of green berries.
Malformations of Cortical Development

Cerebral cortical malformations are common causes of neurodevelopmental delay and epilepsy and include a wide range of antenatal neurogenesis disorders. Abnormal cell proliferation leads to microcephaly or megalencephaly, incomplete neuronal migration results in heterotopia and lissencephaly, neuronal overmigration manifests as cobblestone malformations, and anomalous postmigrational cortical organization is responsible for polymicrogyria (PMG) and schizencephaly. Although corticogenesis occurs early, these rare pathologies are associated with late onset during pregnancy, which does not allow their early prenatal recognition. This review aims to give an update of current knowledge of these insidious cerebral cortical disorders.
The Future of Test-Based Educational Accountability

Preface and Organization of the Book Part I. THE CONTEXT OF EDUCATIONAL ACCOUNTABILITY Chapter 1. Educational Accountability Systems. Robert Linn Chapter 2. A Brief History of Accountability Testing: 1965-2007. Lorrie Shepard Chapter 3. The Politics of Educational Accountability: Can the Clock be Turned Back? Lorraine McDonnell Part II. EDUCATIONAL ACCOUNTABILITY: TECHNICAL AND SUBTANTIVE ISSUES Chapter 4: Further Steps Toward the Development of an Accountability-Oriented Science of Measurement. Dan Koretz Chapter 5: Reliability of Large-Scale Assessment and Accountability Systems. Vonda Kiplinger Chapter 6: Equating and Linking of Educational Assessments in High-Stakes Accountability Systems. Vonda Kiplinger and Laura Hamiliton Chapter 7: Standard Setting. Edward Haertel Chapter 8: Toward a Normative Understanding of Student Growth. Damian Betenbenner Chapter 9: Causes and Effects. Derek Briggs and Ed Wiley Chapter 10: Fairness Issues and Educational Accountability. Katherine E. Ryan PART III: EDUCATIONAL ACCOUNTABILITY EFFECTS Chapter 11: Accountability and Assessment: Is Public Interest in K-12 Education Being Served? Joan Herman Chapter 12. A View from the Teacher Trenches: Accountability and the Betrayal of the Standards Vision. Bella Rosenberg Chapter 13: School Improvement and Educational Accountability. David Miller Chapter 14: Enhanced Assessment for School Accountability and Student Improvement. Steven Dunbar Part IV FUTURE DIRECTIONS FOR EDUCATIONAL ACCOUNTABILITY Chapter 15: Learning and Assessment in an Accountability Context. Eva Baker Chapter 16: Future Directions for Educational Accountability: Notes for a Political Economy of Measurement. Michael Feuer
Spatial navigation deficits in amnestic mild cognitive impairment with neuropsychiatric comorbidity

ABSTRACT Aims: To find out whether neuropsychiatric comorbidity (comMCI) influences spatial navigation performance in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). Methods: We recruited aMCI patients with (n = 21) and without (n = 21) neuropsychiatric comorbidity or alcohol abuse, matched for global cognitive impairment and cognitively healthy elderly participants (HE, n = 22). They completed the Mini-Mental State Examination and a virtual Hidden Goal Task in egocentric, allocentric, and delayed recall subtests. Results: In allocentric navigation, aMCI and comMCI performed significantly worse than HE and similarly to each other. Although aMCI performed significantly worse at egocentric navigation than HE, they performed significantly better than patients with comMCI. Conclusions: Despite the growing burden of dementia and the prevalence of neuropsychiatric symptoms in the elderly population, comMCI remains under-studied. Since trials often assess “pure” aMCI, we may underestimate patients’ navigation and other deficits. This finding emphasizes the importance of taking account of the cognitive effects of psychiatric disorders in aMCI.
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Tuberculous Cervical Lymphadenopathy from Power Doppler Sonography to Differentiate

BACKGROUND AND PUPOSE : Tuberculous lymphadenitis and metastatic nodes from nasopharyngeal carcinoma are common in Asians and are often indistinguishable clinically. Because their treatment depends on prompt diagnosis, we undertook this study to evaluate if power Doppler sonography could distinguish these two pathologic abnormalities. The intran-odal vascular appearances of tuberculous neck nodes are compared with benign reactive neck nodes and metastatic nodes from nasopharyngeal carcinoma. METHODS: The appearances of power Doppler sonograms of 42 tuberculous nodes were compared with 28 metastatic nodes from nasopharyngeal carcinoma and 27 benign reactive nodes. The intranodal distribution of vessels and the intranodal vascular resistance of vessels were compared among these three groups. All examinations were performed by the same son-ologist (A.A.), who had more than 3 years’ scanning experience, and all data analysis was performed by the same investigator (M.Y.). RESULTS: The intranodal vascular distribution in tuberculous nodes was varied and simulated both benign and malignant disease. Avascularity of nodes and displacement of hilar vascularity were frequent in tuberculous nodes. Metastatic nodes from nasopharyngeal carcinoma (resistive index [RI], 0.81 (cid:54) 0.09; pulsatile index [PI], 1.91 (cid:54) 0.81) had a higher vascular resistance than did tuberculous nodes (RI, 0.71 (cid:54) 0.11; PI, 1.34 (cid:54) 0.55). Tuberculous nodes had a higher vascular resistance than did reactive nodes (RI, 0.66 (cid:54) 0.09; PI, 1.10 (cid:54) 0.26). CONCLUSION: Avascularity,
A Novel Deep Neural Network for Trajectory Prediction in Automated Vehicles Using Velocity Vector Field

Anticipating the motion of other road users is crucial for automated driving systems (ADS), as it enables safe and informed downstream decision-making and motion planning. Unfortunately, contemporary learning-based approaches for motion prediction exhibit significant performance degradation as the prediction horizon increases or the observation window decreases. This paper proposes a novel technique for trajectory prediction that combines a data-driven learning-based method with a velocity vector field (VVF) generated from a nature-inspired concept, i.e., fluid flow dynamics. In this work, the vector field is incorporated as an additional input to a convolutional-recurrent deep neural network to help predict the most likely future trajectories given a sequence of bird's eye view scene representations. The performance of the proposed model is compared with state-of-the-art methods on the highD dataset demonstrating that the VVF inclusion improves the prediction accuracy for both short and long-term (5 sec) time horizons. It is also shown that the accuracy remains consistent with decreasing observation windows which alleviates the requirement of a long history of past observations for accurate trajectory prediction.11Source codes are available at:https://github.com/Amir-Samadi/VVF-Tp.
Towards fractal origins of the community structure in complex networks: a model-based approach

In this paper, we pose a hypothesis that the structure of communities in complex networks may result from their latent fractal properties. This hypothesis is based not only on the general observation that many real networks have multilevel organization, which is reminiscent of the geometric self-similarity of classical fractals. Quantitative arguments supporting this hypothesis are: first, many non-fractal real complex networks that have a well-defined community structure reveal fractal properties when suitably diluted; second, the scale-free community size distributions observed in many real networks directly relate to scale-invariant box mass distributions, which have recently been described as a fundamental feature of fractal complex networks. We test this hypothesis in a general model of evolving network with community structure that exhibits dual scale invariance: at the level of node degrees and community sizes, respectively. We show that, at least in this model, the proposed hypothesis cannot be rejected. The argument for this is that a kind of fractal core can be identified in the networks studied, which appears as a macroscopic connected component when the edges between modules identified by the community detection algorithm are removed in a supervised manner.
Generalized early dark energy and its cosmological consequences

We investigate cosmological consequences of a generalized early dark energy (EDE) model where a scalar field behaves as dark energy at various cosmological epochs for a broad range of parameters such as the energy scale and the initial field value. We consider power-law and axion-type potentials for such an EDE field and study how it affects the cosmological evolution. We show that gravitational wave background can be significantly enhanced to be detected in future observations such as LISA and DECIGO in some parameter space. Implications of the EDE model are also discussed for a scenario where a blue-tilted inflationary tensor power spectrum can explain the recent NANOGrav 15-year signal. We argue that the bounds on the reheating temperature can be relaxed compared to the case of the standard thermal history.
Parameterized Algorithms for Scalable Interprocedural Data-flow Analysis

Data-flow analysis is a general technique used to compute information of interest at different points of a program and is considered to be a cornerstone of static analysis. In this thesis, we consider interprocedural data-flow analysis as formalized by the standard IFDS framework, which can express many widely-used static analyses such as reaching definitions, live variables, and null-pointer. We focus on the well-studied on-demand setting in which queries arrive one-by-one in a stream and each query should be answered as fast as possible. While the classical IFDS algorithm provides a polynomial-time solution to this problem, it is not scalable in practice. Specifically, it either requires a quadratic-time preprocessing phase or takes linear time per query, both of which are untenable for modern huge codebases with hundreds of thousands of lines. Previous works have already shown that parameterizing the problem by the treewidth of the program's control-flow graph is promising and can lead to significant gains in efficiency. Unfortunately, these results were only applicable to the limited special case of same-context queries. In this work, we obtain significant speedups for the general case of on-demand IFDS with queries that are not necessarily same-context. This is achieved by exploiting a new graph sparsity parameter, namely the treedepth of the program's call graph. Our approach is the first to exploit the sparsity of control-flow graphs and call graphs at the same time and parameterize by both treewidth and treedepth. We obtain an algorithm with a linear preprocessing phase that can answer each query in constant time with respect to the input size. Finally, we show experimental results demonstrating that our approach significantly outperforms the classical IFDS and its on-demand variant.
A Survey on Acoustic Side Channel Attacks on Keyboards

Most electronic devices utilize mechanical keyboards to receive inputs, including sensitive information such as authentication credentials, personal and private data, emails, plans, etc. However, these systems are susceptible to acoustic side-channel attacks. Researchers have successfully developed methods that can extract typed keystrokes from ambient noise. As the prevalence of keyboard-based input systems continues to expand across various computing platforms, and with the improvement of microphone technology, the potential vulnerability to acoustic side-channel attacks also increases. This survey paper thoroughly reviews existing research, explaining why such attacks are feasible, the applicable threat models, and the methodologies employed to launch and enhance these attacks.
Health‐related quality of life trajectories in critical illness: Protocol for a Monte Carlo simulation study

Health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) is a patient‐centred outcome increasingly used as a secondary outcome in critical care research. It may cover several important dimensions of clinical status in intensive care unit (ICU) patients that arguably elude other more easily quantified outcomes such as mortality. Poor associations with harder outcomes, conflicting data on HRQoL in critically ill compared to the background population, and paradoxical effects on HRQoL and mortality complicate the current operationalisation in critical care trials. This protocol outlines a simulation study that will gauge if the areas under the HRQoL trajectories could be a viable alternative.
The group of automorphisms of the moduli space of principal bundles with structure group F 4 and E 6

Let X be a smooth complex projective irreducible curve of genus g≥3. Let G be the simple complex exceptional Lie group F4 or E6 and let M(G) be the moduli space of principal G-bundles. In this work we describe the group of automorphisms of M(G). In particular, we prove that the only automorphisms of M(F4) are those induced by the automorphisms of the base curve X by pull-back and that the automorphisms of M(E6) are combinations of the action of the automorphisms of X by pull-back, the action of the only nontrivial outer involution of E6 on M(E6) by taking the dual and the action of the third torsion of the Picard group of X by tensor product. We also prove a Torelli type theorem for the moduli spaces of principal F4 and E6-bundles, which we use as an auxiliary result in the proof of the main theorems, but which is interesting in itself. We finally draw some conclusions about the way we can see the natural map M(F4)→M(E6) induced by the inclusion of groups F4↪E6.
Low-Rank Nonlinear Decoding of μ-ECoG from the Primary Auditory Cortex

This paper considers the problem of neural decoding from parallel neural measurements systems such as micro-electrocorticography ($\mu$-ECoG). In systems with large numbers of array elements at very high sampling rates, the dimension of the raw measurement data may be large. Learning neural decoders for this high-dimensional data can be challenging, particularly when the number of training samples is limited. To address this challenge, this work presents a novel neural network decoder with a low-rank structure in the first hidden layer. The low-rank constraints dramatically reduce the number of parameters in the decoder while still enabling a rich class of nonlinear decoder maps. The low-rank decoder is illustrated on $\mu$-ECoG data from the primary auditory cortex (A1) of awake rats. This decoding problem is particularly challenging due to the complexity of neural responses in the auditory cortex and the presence of confounding signals in awake animals. It is shown that the proposed low-rank decoder significantly outperforms models using standard dimensionality reduction techniques such as principal component analysis (PCA).
Aalborg Universitet Self-heating and memory effects in RF power amplifiers explained through electrothermal

Self-heating has already been proven to be one of the key sources to memory effects in RF power amplifiers (PAs). However, mechanisms behind the generation of memory effects, as caused by self-heating have not been well documented. On basis of transistor physical properties this paper proposes a simple electro-thermal model and shows how self-heating can generate different types of memory effects, such as bandwidth dependent intermodulation components and hysteresis loops. In addition, it is shown that self-heating can result in generation of new spectral components even in an otherwise linear PA. A time domain modeling framework is implemented to investigate memory effects generated by self-heating and simulation results are shown to agree with theoretical analysis.
The ESO Nearby Abell Cluster Survey - V. The catalogue: Contents and instructions for use

We present the catalogue resulting from the ESO Nearby Abell Cluster Survey (the ENACS), which contains redshifts and magnitudes for 5634 galaxies in the directions of 107 rich, nearby southern Abell cluster can- didates. We describe the contents of the catalogue and discuss the results of a comparison between the ENACS catalogue and the COSMOS Galaxy Catalogue. When cross-correlating the two catalogues we nd that, at least in the areas of the ENACS clusters, the completeness of the COSMOS catalogue is somewhat lower than was estimated previously for the carefully ana- lyzed and well-calibrated part of the COSMOS catalogue known as the Edinburgh-Durham Southern Galaxy Survey (EDSGC). The galaxy positions in the COSMOS and ENACS cat- alogues are found to be on the same system to within about one arcsecond. For the clusters for which the photometry in the ENACS and COSMOS catalogues is based on the same survey plates, the two magnitude scales agree very well. We conrm that the photometric calibration in the EDSGC subset of the COSMOS catalogue is of higher quality than in the EDSGC complement. The ENACS galaxy samples are unbiased subsets of the COSMOS catalogue as far as the projected galaxy dis- tribution is concerned, except in only a few cases. We sum- marize how the ENACS galaxy samples are subsets of the COSMOS catalogues in the ENACS apertures, with re- Send oprint requests to: P. Katgert ? Based on observations collected at the European Southern Observatory (La Silla, Chile). http://www.astrsp-mrs.fr/www/enacs.html ? Tables 2 and 5, as well as the full ENACS catalogue are only available in electronic form at the CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or via http://cdsweb.u- strasbg.fr/Abstract.html spect to magnitude. For the ENACS catalogue as a whole, we describe the apparent incompleteness at faint magni- tudes and towards higher redshifts. Finally, we provide some detailed information about the ENACS catalogue that is essential for its proper statistical use and we sum- marize some facts that must be remembered when select- ing subsets of galaxies from it.