Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Thermoacoustic stabilization of combustors with gradient-augmented Bayesian optimization and adjoint models

Bayesian optimization (BO) is a global optimization algorithm well-suited for multimodal functions that are costly to evaluate, e.g. quantities derived from computationally expensive simulations. Recent advances have made it possible to scale BO to high-dimensional functions and accelerate its convergence by incorporating derivative information. These developments have laid the groundwork for a productive interplay between BO and adjoint solvers, a tool to cheaply obtain gradients of objective functions w.r. t. tunable parameters in a simulated physical system. In thermoacoustics, adjoint-based optimization has previously been applied to Helmholtz solvers and low-order network models to find optimally stable combustor configurations. These studies have used conjugate gradient or quasi-Newton optimizers which can get stuck in local optima and may require many evaluations of the underlying model to find a good optimum. In this paper, we propose using gradient-augmented BO to optimize adjoint models. We consider two test cases from the thermoacoustics literature: optimizing design parameters in a 1D adjoint Helmholtz model of a Rijke tube and geometry optimization in a low-order network model of a longitudinal combustor. We show that compared to BFGS, a standard quasi-Newton method, our gradient-enhanced BO arrives at multiple, more optimal configurations using considerably fewer evaluations of the solver. This approach holds great promise for efficient thermoacoustic stabilization when designing using expensive 3D adjoint Helmholtz solvers.
Dynamic Path Planning for Mobile Robots Based on the Improved A-Star Algorithm

: Based on the path planning and obstacle avoidance problems of mobile robots in dynamic environments, a planning algorithm combining global path planning and local path planning is proposed. Firstly, four different path planning algorithms for robots in static environments are compared. On the basis of the A_star algorithm, an improved A_Star algorithm is proposed. The search direction is reduced from eight to five to improve the search efficiency; a path smoothing optimization algorithm is designed to improve the smoothness of the path; and the adaptive function is optimized to speed up the convergence speed of the algorithm. Secondly, the path planning problem of robots in unknown dynamic environments is studied, and an optimization algorithm combining the improved A_Star algorithm with the rolling window algorithm is proposed. The algorithm can plan a global optimal path and obtain map information through the scrolling window of Dynamic Window Approach (DWA) to calculate a suitable obstacle avoidance strategy in real time for the obstacles that appear, so as to plan the optimal path after avoiding the obstacles. Finally, the simulation platform is used to verify whether the fusion algorithm has better path planning performance through comparative experiments in a randomly changing environment.
Review The Effects from Physical Exercise on the Blood Glucose Levels, HbA1c and Quality of Life of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Systematic

Indonesia ABSTRACT Introduction: Physical inactivity affects the physical and mental health status of T2DM patients. Physical training is recommended in several studies and guidelines for the control of T2DM. The present study aimed to analyze the effects of aerobic exercise, resistance and a combination of both on blood glucose levels, HbA1c and quality of life for patients with T2DM. Methods: This systematic review used PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis). Scopus, Science Direct and PubMed online databases were extensively searched, focusing on the last five years. The search utilized the phrases "diabetes," "physical exercise,” "glucose" and "quality of life. " The inclusion cr iteria in the study regarding the literature was that it had to be an original article, that the source was a journal, that the article was in English and that it was available in full text. Results: We identified 1017 articles where 17 were considered to be relevant for this systematic review. The combination of resistance and aerobic physical exercise seems to have a greater impact on glucose, HbA1c and quality of life. Aerobic exercise, resistance exercise and a combination of both have benefits when it comes to reducing blood glucose levels and HbA1c, as well as improving the quality of life of patients with T2DM. Conclusion: The type and intensity of the exercise chosen for the management of T2DM must be adjusted to the clinical condition and the patient’s individual physical fitness. Further research is needed to assess the combined effects of aerobic exercise and resistance on glucose, HbA1c and the quality of life of T2DM adjusted for different age
Hyperglycemic Crisis: A Serious Complication of Unknown Type II Diabetes Mellitus in Adolescent

Hyperglycemic crisis is life threatening condition in diabetic patients. Traditionally, diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) has been associated with decompensated type 1 diabetes (T1D) and Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State (HHS) became a hallmark of type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, DKA is increasingly being reported in patients with T2D. We reported a case of DKA with some features of HHS, as an initial presentation, in a boy with unknown T2D at young age. Prompt diagnosis and acute critical care approach were very challenging to improve the outcome.
The role of the chemokine receptor CCR7 in cancer progression

Metastasis is the most commonly reported cause of cancer-related mortality. Therefore, elucidating the mechanisms that regulate cancer metastasis is essential. Tumor cells are known to preferentially grow in organs that promote and provide an adequate niche. Tumor metastasis is a selective process rather than a random process, which means that it has an organ specificity. It has been proposed that different organs produce distinct chemotactic factors that can attract specific types of tumor cells to home to and arrest in a particular organ. Chemokines and chemokine receptors have garnered much atten tion due to their roles in tumor invasion and metastasis. The chemokine receptor that we focus on is CCR7, the receptor for both chemokines CCL19 and CCL21. CCR7 has been implicated in the migration and trafficking of malignant cells in numerous types of tumors, but the mechanisms underlying these functions of CCR7 remain unclear. This review summarizes relevant perspectives on the functional mechanisms and prognostic significance of CCR7 in cancer.
Title : Evaluation of Stereopsis in Children with Corrected Anisometropia according to the Type , Severity and Presence of Amblyopia Running Title : Stereopsis in Children with Corrected Anisometropia

Purpose: To determine the level of stereopsis in anisometropic children with or without amblyopia using corrective glasses and to investigate the effect of type and magnitude of anisometropia on the level of stereopsis. Methods: Medical records of 256 children with the diagnosis of non-amblyopic anisometropia, anisometropic amblyopia, and healthy controls were retrospectively reviewed for this study. The anisometropia was categorized into three groups: The spherical equivalent anisometropia alone, the astigmatic anisometropia alone, and combined anisometropia groups. The level of stereopsis was measured with the Titmus stereo test and compared among groups. The correlation of the stereopsis with the magnitude of anisometropia was also analyzed. Results: Patients in the non-amblyopic anisometropia group had similar stereopsis levels with the control group (55.2±41.03 and 47.2±19.8 sec of arc, respectively, p=0.223). On the other hand, the stereopsis was significantly more reduced in the anisometropic amblyopia group (279.4±120 sec of arc) compared to the non-amblyopic anisometropia (55.2±41.03 sec of arc) and control groups (47.2±19.8 sec of arc) (p=0.008, p=0.006, respectively). Higher spherical equivalent difference between eyes resulted in worsening stereopsis in the anisometropic amblyopia group, and the combined anisometropia subtype was found to be related to worse stereopsis levels in the non-amblyopic anisometropia group. Conclusion: Non-amblyopic anisometropia patients had a similar level of stereopsis with controls while wearing their corrective glasses. This result provides us that as long as patients have good visual acuity, stereopsis is preserved, and refractive correction with glasses does not interfere with stereopsis in childhood anisometropia. wearing We also investigated the effect of type and magnitude of anisometropia on the level.
HIV_A_248057 175..186

Clarke International University, Kampala, Uganda Aim/Objective: This study explored the caregivers’ self-reported determinants of antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence among children under five years living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection attending Al-Sabah Hospital, South Sudan. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 126 caregivers of HIV-infected children under five years was conducted at Al-Sabah Hospital, South Sudan. Data were collected using an intervieweradministered questionnaire. The self-reported adherence was measured as a binary variable using binary logistic regression. Only variables that were significant at bivariate analysis were analyzed at multivariate level and interpreted using the odds ratios (p< 0.05). Results: Out of 126 caregivers with HIV-infected children, 38 (30.2%) did not adhere to ART. Of the proportion that adhered to ART (88, 69.8%), 49 (55.7%) were male. Most of the children (52, 59.1%) were above two years, but under five years. Fifty (56.8%) of those who adhered had completed 3 months on ART, and the majority were at WHO stage-1 of HIV infection. Analysis of the determinants indicated that children’s duration on ART (p=0.001), type of ART regimen (single, double or triple therapy) (p=0.065), type of work done by the caregiver to earn a living (p-value 0.003), time a child was initiated on ART (p=0.002), caregiver–child relationship (p=0.002), caregiver-spousal support (p=0.019), type of support obtained whether monetary or not (p=0.000), when the child was started on ART (p=0.004), the person administering ART (p=0.010), the type of ARVs administered (p=0.001), the caregiver detecting ART side effects (p=0.000), types of adverse effects suffered by the child (p=0.043), time of receiving ART (p=0.047), use of western medicine (p=0.043), healthcare cadre (p=0.002), the kind of attention the healthcare provider offered (p=0.015), and improvements in quality of HIV services (p=0.001) were significantly associated with ART adherence. Conclusion: The study findings indicated that ART adherence among HIV-infected children under five years was suboptimal. This will necessitate continuous engagement and education of caregivers on the prominence of adhering to ART.
Title : Retrospective analysis of tularemia cases in Tokat Running Title : The prevalence of tularemia in Tokat

Objective: Tularemia is a rare and overlooked zoonotic infection. While ulceroglandular and glandular types are observed most frequently in epidemics originating from Europe, oropharyngeal type is most common in Turkey. The most common clinical findings are lymphadenopathy, skin rash and tonsillitis. In our study, we aimed to investigate the frequency of tularemia in Tokat, which is located in the Central Black Sea Region of Turkey. Materials and Methods: The data of patients diagnosed with tularemia in XXX University Faculty of Medicine Research and Application Hospital between January 2011 and July 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Laboratory-confirmed cases were included in the study. Sociodemographic characteristics, risk factors, clinical and laboratory findings, treatments, and post-treatment follow-up of the cases were evaluated. Results: Tularemia was detected in 20 patients. A total of 80% patients lived in the villages, 65% were engaged in agriculture and 60% in animal husbandry. The most important possible sources of contamination were rodents around the house (40%) and non-chlorinated drinking water (50%). Among 20 cases 57% were oropharyngeal tularemia, 95% were treated with monotherapy or combinations containing aminoglycosides, and 50% surgical lymph node drainage. Conclusion: Tularemia is a rare infection in Tokat province. But it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients living in rural areas and presenting with fever, sore throat and cervical lymphadenopathy unresponsived of beta-lactam agents.
The Unique Satisﬁability Problem from a Membrane Computing Perspective

Complexity class DP is the class of “differences” of any two languages in NP . It veriﬁes that NP ∪ co - NP ⊆ DP ⊆ P NP , where P NP is the second level of the polynomial hierarchy, speciﬁcally, it is the class of languages decidable by a deterministic polynomial-time Turing machine having access to an NP oracle. The unique sastiﬁability problem ( UNIQUE SAT ) is a well known DP problem which has been proved to be co-NP - hard. In this paper, a uniform and polynomial time solution for the UNIQUE SAT problem is given by a family of polarizationless P systems with active membranes and division rules only for elementary membranes, without dissolution rules but using minimal cooperation and minimal production in object evolution rules.
Intra-atrial activation pattern is useful to localize the areas of non-pulmonary vein triggers of atrial fibrillation

Background Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) is an established ablation procedure for atrial fibrillation (AF), however, PVI alone is insufficient to suppress AF recurrence. Non-pulmonary vein (non-PV) trigger ablation is one of the promising strategies beyond PVI and has been shown to be effective in refractory/persistent AF cases. To make non-PV trigger ablation more standardized, it is essential to develop a simple method to localize the origin of non-PV triggers. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 37 non-PV triggers in 751 ablation sessions for symptomatic AF from January 2017 to December 2020. Regarding non-PV triggers, intra-atrial activation interval from the earliest in right atrium (RA) to proximal coronary sinus (CS) (RA-CSp) and that from the earliest in RA to distal CS (RA-CSd) obtained by a basically-positioned duodecapolar RA-CS catheter were compared among 3 originating non-PV areas [RA, atrial septum (SEP) and left atrium (LA)]. Results RA-CSp of RA non-PV trigger (56.4 ± 23.4 ms) was significantly longer than that of SEP non-PV (14.8 ± 25.6 ms, p = 0.019) and LA non-PV (-24.9 ± 27.9 ms, p = 0.0004). RA-CSd of RA non-PV (75.9 ± 32.1 ms) was significantly longer than that of SEP non-PV (34.2 ± 32.6 ms, p = 0.040) and LA non-PV (-13.3 ± 41.2 ms, p = 0.0008). RA-CSp and RA-CSd of SEP non-PV were significantly longer than those of LA non-PV (p = 0.022 and p = 0.016, respectively). Sensitivity and specificity of an algorithm to differentiate the area of non-PV trigger using RA-CSp (cut-off value: 50 ms) and RA-CSd (cut-off value: 0 ms) were 88% and 97% for RA non-PV, 81% and 73% for SEP non-PV, 65% and 95% for LA non-PV, respectively. Conclusions The analysis of intra-atrial activation sequences was useful to differentiate non-PV trigger areas. A simple algorithm to localize the area of non-PV trigger would be helpful to identify non-PV trigger sites in AF ablation.
Early Diagnosis of V180I Genetic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease at the Preserved Cognitive Function Stage

We herein report a case of genetic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) due to V180I mutation in the prion protein (PrP) gene diagnosed at a preserved cognitive function stage. Although neuropsychological tests revealed normal cognitive functions, increased signal intensity in the cerebral cortices with swelling on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) prompted genetic testing for the PrP gene. This case suggests that cortical hyperintensity on DWI with swelling may be a useful finding of brain MRI for the diagnosis of V180I genetic CJD even at an extremely early stage, such as at the preserved cognitive function stage.
Biological activity of Cymbopogoncitratus (DC) Stapf and its Potential Cosmetic Activities

​ The present work makes a general bibliographical review around a variety of issues around Cymbopogon citrates and tries to summarize the most important aspect and qualities of the plant that make it a potential element in the research and defining of cosmetics with natural ingredients. The biological antibacterial and antifungal activities of the species Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf , have been identified by several authors by highlighting a potential action on a large number of pathogens, some of them related to dermal problems. Various other activities have been evaluated, such as antioxidant and insecticide; allowing the extract to be incorporated in cosmetic and insecticide formulations. Several studies consider the species for patented formulations that include microencapsulation as a viable option. Non-invasive in-vivo studies have been reviewed in this work to analyse any potential toxicology and to define the best concentrations of use.
Effects of degraded speech processing and binaural unmasking investigated using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS)

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of degraded speech perception and binaural unmasking using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Normal hearing listeners were tested when attending to unprocessed or vocoded speech, presented to the left ear at two speech-to-noise ratios (SNRs). Additionally, by comparing monaural versus diotic masker noise, we measured binaural unmasking. Our primary research question was whether the prefrontal cortex and temporal cortex responded differently to varying listening configurations. Our a priori regions of interest (ROIs) were located at the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and auditory cortex (AC). The left DLPFC has been reported to be involved in attentional processes when listening to degraded speech and in spatial hearing processing, while the AC has been reported to be sensitive to speech intelligibility. Comparisons of cortical activity between these two ROIs revealed significantly different fNIRS response patterns. Further, we showed a significant and positive correlation between self-reported task difficulty levels and fNIRS responses in the DLPFC, with a negative but non-significant correlation for the left AC, suggesting that the two ROIs played different roles in effortful speech perception. Our secondary question was whether activity within three sub-regions of the lateral PFC (LPFC) including the DLPFC was differentially affected by varying speech-noise configurations. We found significant effects of spectral degradation and SNR, and significant differences in fNIRS response amplitudes between the three regions, but no significant interaction between ROI and speech type, or between ROI and SNR. When attending to speech with monaural and diotic noises, participants reported the latter conditions being easier; however, no significant main effect of masker condition on cortical activity was observed. For cortical responses in the LPFC, a significant interaction between SNR and masker condition was observed. These findings suggest that binaural unmasking affects cortical activity through improving speech reception threshold in noise, rather than by reducing effort exerted.
Body-Focused Repetitive Behaviors and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury: A Body-Focused Repetitive Behaviors and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury: A Comparison of Clinical Characteristics and Symptom Features Comparison of Clinical Characteristics and Symptom Features

Body-focused repetitive behaviors (BFRBs) and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) are recognized as distinct categories in the DSM-5. However, definitions and assessment of NSSI sometimes encompasses behaviors similar to BFRBs, and little data exist about their clinical differences. The current study examined clinical characteristics and symptom features associated with NSSI vs. BFRBs. The current sample included 1523 individuals who endorsed moderate to severe NSSI ( n = 165) or BFRBs: hair pulling group ( n = 102), skin picking group ( n = 216), nail picking group ( n = 253), nail biting group ( n = 487), and cheek biting group ( n = 300). Responders were asked to complete questionnaires on clinical features relevant for BFRBs and NSSI. NSSI and BFRBs had significant differences on several clinical features. Individuals in the NSSI group were more likely than individuals with BFRBs to report engaging in the behavior for social-affective reasons (i.e., to get out of doing something, or receive attention from others). Individuals in the NSSI group were also more likely to engage in the behavior to regulate tension and feelings of emptiness, and to experience relief during the act. In contrast, individuals in the BFRB groups were more likely to engage in the behavior automatically without reflective awareness, to reduce boredom, or to fix appearance. The NSSI group obtained significantly higher scores on questionnaires assessing stress, anxiety, depression, and harm avoidance. Overall, the results showed several notable differences between NSSI and BFRBs that are consistent with clinical literature and definitions of these problems in the DSM-5. seek attention, and achieve a “just right” feeling, but lower motivation to alter appearance ( p s < .001). As a consequence of engaging in the behavior, the NSSI also reported a significantly greater reduction in tension or anxiety, greater gratification, but lower reduction in boredom ( p s < .001). These results suggest that the observed differences in clinical features between the NSSI and the BFRB groups are not merely due to the different levels of overall symptom severity.
Cover Song Identification - A Novel Stem-Based Approach to Improve Song-To-Song Similarity Measurements

Music is incorporated into our daily lives whether intentional or unintentional. It evokes responses and behavior so much so there is an entire study dedicated to the psychology of music. Music creates the mood for dancing, exercising, creative thought or even relaxation. It is a powerful tool that can be used in various venues and through advertisements to inﬂuence and guide human reactions. Music is also often “bor-rowed” in the industry today. The practices of sampling and remixing music in the digital age have made cover song identiﬁcation an active area of research. While most of this research is focused on search and recommendation systems, plagiarism is a real industry wide problem for artists today. Our research seeks to describe a framework of feature analysis to improve cross-similarity, song-to-song, similarity distance measurements. We do this with the context that cover songs represent a fertile training ground to prove methods that can later be applied to plagiarism use cases. Our proposed method preprocesses songs by ﬁrst source separat-ing the songs into its constituent tracks prior to feature generation. This is otherwise known as “stemming”. These subsequent spectral and distance features are then analyzed to provide evidence of improvement in overall modeling and detection performance. We ﬁnd that using stem distances and overall distance measures achieves an uplift of 61.8% increase in Accuracy, a 59.2% increase in AUC, a 304.7% increase in Precision, and a 105.1% increase in F1 score for a regularized logistic regression. This process can be directly applied to more sophisticated deep learning frameworks.