Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relationship between cumulative exposure to occupational lifting throughout working life and risk of ischemic heart disease in men and women. The Copenhagen Aging and Midlife Biobank

Abstract Ischemic heart disease (IHD) causes mortality and morbidity. High levels of occupational physical activity (OPA) increases IHD risk, and occupational lifting (OL) is suggested as a detrimental OPA exposure. This study investigated the association between accumulated OL throughout working life, and risk for IHD, and potential sex and hypertension differences. Data from Copenhagen Ageing and Midlife Biobank linked to register-based information on incident IHD during 9 years follow-up in the Danish National Patient Registry were included. The outcome was the odds of IHD from baseline (2009–2011) to end of follow-up (2018), among participants without IHD at baseline. Accumulated OL was assessed by linking occupational codes to a Job Exposure Matrix, creating a measure in ton-years (lifting 1,000 kg/day/year). Multivariable logistic regression tested associations between level of accumulated OL and IHD, among the 6,606 included individuals (68% men). During follow-up, 7.3% men and 3.6% women were hospitalized with IHD. Among all participants, the odds for IHD were 47% (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.05–2.06) higher among those with ≥5 to <10 ton-years, 39% (OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.06–1.83) higher among those with ≥10 to <30 ton-years, and 62% (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.18–2.22) higher among those with ≥30 ton-years, compared to no accumulated OL. However, these increased odds were in the same direction in the fully-adjusted model but statistically insignificant, ≥5 to <10 ton-years OR 1.28, 95% CI 0.88–1.88; ≥10 to <30 ton-years OR 1.20, 95% CI 0.85–1.69; and ≥30 ton-years OR 1.22, 95% CI 0.81–1.84. No statistically significant interactions, nor any associations, between OL and sex, or hypertension were seen.
Recent reactivation of a pathogenicity-associated transposable element is associated with major chromosomal rearrangements in a fungal wheat pathogen

Abstract Transposable elements (TEs) are key drivers of genomic variation contributing to recent adaptation in most species. Yet, the evolutionary origins and insertion dynamics within species remain poorly understood. We recapitulate the spread of the pathogenicity-associated Styx element across five species that last diverged ∼11 000 years ago. We show that the element likely originated in the Zymoseptoria fungal pathogen genus and underwent multiple independent reactivation events. Using a global 900-genome panel of the wheat pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici, we assess Styx copy number variation and identify renewed transposition activity in Oceania and South America. We show that the element can mobilize to create additional Styx copies in a four-generation pedigree. Importantly, we find that new copies of the element are not affected by genomic defenses suggesting minimal control against the element. Styx copies are preferentially located in recombination breakpoints and likely triggered multiple types of large chromosomal rearrangements. Taken together, we establish the origin, diversification and reactivation of a highly active TE with likely major consequences for chromosomal integrity and the expression of disease.
Ginger Supplementation Attenuated Mitochondrial Fusion and Improved Skeletal Muscle Size in Type 2 Diabetic Rats

Background/Aim: Oxidative stress, regulated by SOD2 and mitochondrial dynamics, contributes to muscle atrophy in diabetes. Ginger root extract (GRE) reduces oxidative stress. However, its effect on oxidative stress, mitochondrial dynamics, and muscle atrophy is not known in the diabetic muscle. This study examined the effect of GRE on intramuscular oxidative stress, mitochondrial dynamics, and muscle size in diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control diet (CON; n=10), high-fat diet with one dose of 35 mg/kg streptozotocin (HFD; n=9), and high-fat diet with one dose of 35 mg/kg streptozotocin and 0.75% w/w GRE (GRE; n=7) fed for seven weeks. Subsequently, the muscle was analyzed for cross-sectional area (CSA), H2O2 concentration, and DRP-1, MFN2, Parkin, PINK1, SOD2 mRNA. Additionally, the protein levels of SOD2, DRP-1, DRP-1ser616, LC3AB, MFN2, OPA1, Parkin, and PINK1 were analyzed. CSA, H2O2 concentration, and gene and protein expression levels were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA. Correlations among intramuscular H2O2, CSA, and SOD2 protein were assessed using Pearson’s bivariate correlation test. Results: In the soleus, the GRE group had a greater CSA and lower intramuscular H2O2 concentration compared to the HFD group. Compared to the HFD group, the GRE group had higher SOD2 and DRP-1 mRNA levels and lower MFN2 and total OPA1 protein levels. H2O2 concentration was negatively correlated with CSA and positively correlated with SOD2. Conclusion: GRE attenuated intramuscular H2O2, mitochondrial fusion, and muscle size loss. These findings suggest that GRE supplementation in diabetic rats reduces oxidative stress, which may contribute to muscle size preservation.
RRT planner for the binpicking problem

In this paper, we analyse a modification of the RRT algorithm introduced in [6], for an efficient pathplanning in a binpicking scenario. The new RRT variation will be called RRT-Binpicking or RRTB. We also give a necessary condition when RRTB will perform better than the classical RRT. We discuss the importance of joint weights in the configuration space in RRTB. A collinear-path purging technique is presented for RRTB. We also propose a method for direct path collision check that is faster than a linear discrete collision check and provide benchmark for the proposed method. To back our theoretical analysis, we give experimental data that compares RRTB with RRT (and some other known planners) in a binpicking scenario.
The Geography of Forest Diversity and Community Changes under Future Climate Conditions in the Eastern United States

ABSTRACT Using modeled geographic range and importance projections of 133 tree species in the eastern United States we compare regional scale patterns of forest species diversity, similarity, evenness and community composition under present conditions with two future climate change scenarios. Overall, there is an increase in tree species richness on a pixel-by-pixel basis under future conditions, with a general shift to higher diversity in the northern portion of the United States. Percent similarity in species composition between current forest composition and future species composition under the low scenario averages 53.1%, and is lower for the high climate change scenario (45%), with the lowest similarity occurring in northern forests and the northern United States forest-prairie ecotone. In the future, species evenness increases over a large portion of the study area compared with current conditions. Forest community composition is stable in the southeastern United States, lower Great Lakes region and western extent of the eastern forests. Novel species assemblages develop in northern Wisconsin and Michigan, the northeastern United States, the southern forest-prairie ecotone and the southern coastal plain. Our study highlights geographic regions likely to experience substantial shifts in species composition and forest structure that should be monitored for early signs of forest change.
Urban adaptation to climate change in Europe

mise a jour 6/09/2012 : -- Publication en septembre 2012 de cartes interactives des impacts du changement climatique dans 500 villes d'Europe http://eea.maps. arcgis.com/apps/PublicGallery/index.html? appid=1573f2f083824a34a5640bd04e098248&group=b9052eb339264f64b1eb75f6244eccdf suite au rapport : Urban adaptation to climate change in Europe : Challenges and opportunities for cities together with supportive national and European policies. European Environment Agency, May 2012, 148 p. (EEA Report.
Contested History, Ethnicity, and Remembering the Past: The Case of the Ay Sa Rebellion in Southern Laos

Pre-colonial histories in Southeast Asia are generally dependent on a very limited number of written sources. Most information originates from the elites among dominant ethnic groups or Westerners. These centralized histories are frequently uncritically treated as the ‘truth. ’ This is especially true in countries like Laos, where historical documents are rare. But different versions of widely accepted histories also exist, and these often-contested his tories remain prominent in the minds of people from different ethnic groups. This paper demonstrates the contested nature of history in Laos and the importance of ethnicity in social memory, using a well-known historical event that occurred in southern Laos—the Ay Sa Rebellion of the early nineteenth century. Lao, Siamese, and Western versions of the history of this rebellion are reviewed, followed by oral histories obtained from ethnic Brao people who maintain memories of the events that transpired. I hope to demonstrate the importance of considering ethnicity in relation to histories, and to encourage others to investigate alternative versions of histories in Laos. In Southeast Asia, generally accepted histories from the pre-colonial era are largely dependent on the very few written sources available, most originating from elites among the dominant ethnic groups and Westerners or other travelers who happened to pass through particular areas. In most cases, these histories are not seriously scrutinized, and are frequently accepted as being close to what actually happened. This is particularly the case in countries like Laos where written records from the past are few and far between. However, the reality is that people from various ethnic groups contest these mainstream histories. Paul Ricoeur (1978), in line with the thinking of Michel Foucault, argued that there is no lived reality that is not affected or mediated in some way by ideology. In other words, there is no social space that is free from the subtle and sometimes not so subtle influences of
Historical Account Of The Navigable Rivers, Canals And Railways Of Great Britain

This account of the waterways and railways of Great Britain covers those transport routes and systems of inland navigation that had been completed or were in construction at the time of publication in 1831. Not to be confused with his polymath namesake, Joseph Priestley (1766â€“1852) entrenched his expertise as manager of the Aire and Calder Navigation. Here he provides alphabetical entries ranging from the Aberdare Canal in Glamorganshire to the Wyrley and Essington Canal in the Midlands. Details are given regarding location, construction, relevant Acts of Parliament, and even tonnage rates. Published to accompany a huge map of British inland navigation (a smaller version is featured here as the frontispiece), the book became a standard reference work in its day. Shedding light on the development of commercially crucial infrastructure, it remains valuable to readers and researchers interested in the history of British transport and technology.
METABOLIC DISRUPTION IMPAIRS RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN LEVELS, RESULTING IN ENHANCED AMINOGLYCOSIDE TOLERANCE

Aminoglycosides, a class of antibiotics, have been in use for decades, displaying broad-spectrum activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. They target ribosomes and disrupt protein synthesis. Although their use declined due to newer antibiotics with lower toxicity, increasing drug resistance has renewed interest in aminoglycosides. Herein, we have demonstrated that energy metabolism plays a crucial role in aminoglycoside tolerance, as knockout strains with deleted genes associated with the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) and the electron transport chain (ETC) exhibited increased tolerance to aminoglycosides in the mid-exponential growth phase of Escherichia coli cells. Our initial hypothesis posited that genetic perturbations would lead to a reduction in the proton motive force, subsequently affecting the uptake of aminoglycosides. This hypothesis is based on the prevailing notion that aminoglycoside uptake is dependent on the distinctive and energy-driven electrochemical potential across the cytoplasmic membrane. However, our results did not support this hypothesis. Despite genetic perturbations in mutant strains, we found no consistent metabolic changes, ATP levels, cytoplasmic pH variations, or membrane potential differences compared to wild-type strains. Additionally, intracellular concentrations of fluorophore-labeled gentamicin remained similar across all strains. To uncover the mechanism responsible for the observed tolerance in mutant strains, we employed untargeted mass spectrometry to quantify the proteins within these mutants and subsequently compared them to their wild-type counterparts. Our comprehensive analysis, which encompassed protein-protein association networks and functional enrichment, unveiled a noteworthy upregulation of proteins linked to the TCA cycle in the mutant strains, suggesting that these strains compensate for the perturbation in their energy metabolism by increasing TCA cycle activity to maintain their membrane potential and ATP levels. Furthermore, our pathway enrichment analysis shed light on local network clusters displaying downregulation across all mutant strains, which were associated with both large and small ribosomal binding proteins, ribosome biogenesis, translation factor activity, and the biosynthesis of ribonucleoside monophosphates. These findings offer a plausible explanation for the observed tolerance of aminoglycosides in the mutant strains. Altogether, this research has the potential to uncover mechanisms behind aminoglycoside tolerance, paving the way for novel strategies to combat such cells.
Single-cell transcriptomic profiling of the neonatal oviduct and uterus reveals new insights into upper Müllerian duct regionalization

The upper Müllerian duct (MD) is patterned and specified into two morphologically and functionally distinct organs, the oviduct and uterus. It is known that this regionalization process is instructed by inductive signals from the adjacent mesenchyme. However, the interaction landscape between epithelium and mesenchyme during upper MD development remains largely unknown. Here, we performed single-cell transcriptomic profiling of mouse neonatal oviducts and uteri at the initiation of MD epithelial differentiation (postnatal day 3). We identified major cell types including epithelium, mesenchyme, pericytes, mesothelium, endothelium, and immune cells in both organs with established markers. Moreover, we uncovered region-specific epithelial and mesenchymal subpopulations and then deduced region-specific ligand-receptor pairs mediating mesenchymal-epithelial interactions along the craniocaudal axis. Unexpectedly, we discovered a mesenchymal subpopulation marked by neurofilaments with specific localizations at the mesometrial pole of both the neonatal oviduct and uterus. Lastly, we analyzed and revealed organ-specific signature genes of pericytes and mesothelial cells. Taken together, our study enriches our knowledge of upper Müllerian duct development, and provides a manageable list of potential genes, pathways, and region-specific cell subtypes for future functional studies.
Numerical Simulation of HIWC Conditions with the Terminal Area Simulation System

Three-dimensional, numerical simulation of a mesoconvective system is conducted in order to better understand conditions associated with High Ice Water Content (HIWC) and its threat to aviation safety. Although peak local values of ice water content may occur early in the storm lifetime, large areas of high concentrations expand with time and persist even when the storm tops begin to warm. The storm canopy which contains HIWC, has low radar reflectivity factor and is fed by an ensemble of regenerating thermal pulses.
Unraveling the Impact of W215A/E217A Mutations on Thrombin’s Dynamics and Thrombomodulin Binding through Molecular Dynamics Simulations

Thrombin, a central serine protease in hemostasis, exhibits dual functionality in coagulation processes—favoring fibrinogen cleavage in its native form while shifting towards protein C activation when complexed with thrombomodulin (TM). Thrombin also plays roles in cancer-associated thrombosis and may be involved in metastasis and tumorigenesis. The W215A/E217A (WE) double mutant of thrombin presents a unique case, with its fibrinogen cleavage activity diminished by 19,000-fold, contrasting a modest 7-fold reduction in protein C activation in the presence of TM. The differential substrate specificity of this mutant raises fundamental questions about the underlying molecular mechanisms. In this study, we employed all-atom microsecond-scale molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, complemented by Root Mean Square Fluctuation (RMSF) analysis, clustering algorithms, PCA-based free-energy surfaces, and logistic regression modeling, to dissect the structural and allosteric changes driving thrombin’s substrate specificity. Our results unveil distinct conformational states within the catalytic triad, each optimized for specific substrate interactions. We demonstrate that the WE mutations synergize with TM456 binding, resulting in altered hydrogen bond networks and distinct free energy landscapes. A key finding of our research is the identification of ARG125 as a pivotal element in these interactions, consistently forming critical hydrogen bonds across different thrombin variants. The persistent role of ARG125 not only elucidates aspects of thrombin’s functional plasticity but also positions it as a promising target for novel therapies. This comprehensive analysis enhances our understanding of thrombin’s structural dynamics, paving the way for more effective and targeted therapeutics.
Selection of news story series based on the responses by SNS users for the summarization of multiple news videos

Archiving news videos is regarded as important since they are valuable as sources of important social information. When exploiting archived news videos as information sources, it is important to track the flow of topics to understand their contents comprehensively. Concerning it, a method that structures the chronological semantic relations between news stories, namely the“topic thread structure” has been proposed. It allows the understanding of the circumstance of the topic by tracking related stories one after another from the initial story. However, it imposes a user to watch many stories along the topic thread structure when it contains various topics. On the other hand, social networking services (SNS) are explosively prevalent. SNS users aim to send and receive information in which they are interested. Thus, we considered editing news videos from the viewpoint of the viewers, and we have decided to summarize multiple news videos based on the responses by SNS users. In this report, we introduce a method that selects news story series which will be used for the news video summarization.
Fluorescent Chiral Quantum Dots to Unveil Origin-Dependent Exosome Uptake and Cargo Release

Exosomes are promising nanocarriers for drug delivery. Yet, it is challenging to apply exosomes in clinical use due to the limited understanding of their physiological functions. While cellular uptake of exosomes is generally known through endocytosis and/or membrane fusion, the mechanisms of origin-dependent cellular uptake and subsequent cargo release of exosomes into recipient cells are still unclear. Herein, we investigated the intricate mechanisms of exosome entry into recipient cells and the intracellular cargo release. In this study, we utilized chiral graphene quantum dots (GQDs) as representatives of exosomal cargo, taking advantage of the superior permeability of chiral GQDs into lipid membranes, as well as their excellent optical properties for tracking analysis. We observed a higher uptake rate of exosomes in their parental recipient cells. However, these exosomes were predominantly entrapped in lysosomes through endocytosis (intraspecies endocytic uptake). On the other hand, in non-parental recipient cells, exosomes exhibited a greater inclination for cellular uptake through membrane fusion, followed by direct cargo release into the cytosol (cross-species direct fusion uptake). We revealed the underlying mechanisms involved in the cellular uptake and the subsequent cargo release of exosomes depending on their cell-of-origin and recipient cell types. This study envisions valuable insights into further advancements in the effective drug delivery using exosomes, as well as a comprehensive understanding of cellular communication, including disease pathogenesis.
Jaceosidin Inhibits Adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes through the PPARγ Pathway

Jaceosidin, a natural flavone, has been reported to have anti-tumorigenic, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. However, the anti-adipogenic effects of jaceosidin have not been investigated. In this study, we demonstrate that jaceosidin suppresses adipocyte differentiation and cellular lipid accumulation without cytotoxicity. Jaceosidin also suppresses the mRNA and protein expression of adipogenesis-related genes. To our knowledge, these results are the first evidence of the anti-adipogenic effects of jaceosidin in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and suggest the use of jaceosidin as a treatment for obesity.
Mixture model-based atmospheric air mass classification: a probabilisticview of thermodynamic profiles

Abstract. Air mass classification has become an important area in synoptic climatology, simplifying the complexity of the atmosphere by dividing the atmosphere into discrete similar thermodynamic patterns. However, the constant growth of atmospheric databases in both size and complexity implies the need to develop new adaptive classifications. Here, we propose a robust unsupervised and supervised classification methodology of a large thermodynamic dataset, on a global scale and over several years, into discrete air mass groups homogeneous in both temperature and humidity that also provides underlying probability laws. Temperature and humidity at different pressure levels are aggregated into a set of cumulative distribution function (CDF) values instead of classical ones. The method is based on a Gaussian mixture model and uses the expectation–maximization (EM) algorithm to estimate the parameters of the mixture. Spatially gridded thermodynamic profiles come from ECMWF reanalyses spanning the period 2000–2009. Different aspects are investigated, such as the sensitivity of the classification process to both temporal and spatial samplings of the training dataset. Comparisons of the classifications made either by the EM algorithm or by the widely used k-means algorithm show that the former can be viewed as a generalization of the latter. Moreover, the EM algorithm delivers, for each observation, the probabilities of belonging to each class, as well as the associated uncertainty. Finally, a decision tree is proposed as a tool for interpreting the different classes, highlighting the relative importance of temperature and humidity in the classification process.