Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Correlation Between CD44 and Angiogenesis in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Induced in Buccal Pouch in Syrian Hamster that Underwent Radiotherapy

Background: Angiogenesis with radiotherapy is a significant focus of recent studies to confirm the importance of combined treatments, as vascular control can have a great therapeutic target. Vascular endothelial growth factor is the key mediator of angiogenesis in cancer. In addition, some studies suggest the value of CD44 as a potential early marker of angiogenesis. Objectives: Investigating the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and CD44 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) after inducing it in hamsters then undergoing radiotherapy and comparing outcomes before and after therapy to verify changes of these markers. Materials & methods: an experimental study consisted of 18 samples of OSCC which induced in right buccal pouch of hamsters (group1) and 18 samples of OSCC which induced in the same way and were exposed to radiation therapy (group2), Biopsies were taken and fixed with formalin, paraffin waxed in conventional H&E and immunostained with monoclonal anti-VEGF and anti-CD44. Results: our findings didn’t reveal a statistically significant difference in the expression of VEGF(p =0.342) and CD44 (p=0.187) between group1 & group 2. moreover, we found tumor cells which weren’t affected and resistant to radiotherapy, also revealed positive expression of VEGF & CD44, otherwise, we noticed Pearson coefficient was a significant correlation that indicated to a moderate relation. Conclusion: cancerous cells that showed a high expression of these markers, give elevated radiosensitivity and resist the treatment. Subsequently, we assure the importance of applying anti-VEGF and/or anti-CD44 as a supportive therapy with radiation therapy.
Introduction to the Special Issue on Digital Signal Processing in Radio Astronomy

Advances in astronomy are intimately linked to advances in digital signal processing (DSP). This special issue is focused upon advances in DSP within radio astronomy. The trend within that community is to use off-the-shelf digital hardware where possible and leverage advances in high performance computing. In particular, graphics processing units (GPUs) and field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) are being used in place of application-specific circuits (ASICs); high-speed Ethernet and Infiniband are being used for interconnect in place of custom backplanes. Further, to lower hurdles in digital engineering, communities have designed and released general-purpose FPGA-based DSP systems, such as the CASPER ROACH board, ASTRON Uniboard, and CSIRO Redback board. In this introductory paper, we give a brief historical overview, a summary of recent trends, and provide an outlook on future directions.
Time‐varying sliding mode controller for over‐actuated systems with constrained and uncertain actuators in flight control applications

One solution to the problem of distributing the control action among redundant actuators with uncertain dynamics is employing an adaptive control allocator. This paper proposes a sliding mode controller which exploits a time‐varying sliding surface to complement adaptive control allocation in the presence of actuator saturation. The proposed approach does not require error augmentation for tracking desired references, which diminishes the computational burden. Aerodata Model in Research Environment, which is an over‐actuated aircraft model, is adopted to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed controller in simulation studies.
The social embeddedness of elections: Ghana’s 2016 and 2020 campaigns

ABSTRACT Campaign rallies serve as arenas of political communication where candidates present their campaign messages face-to-face in order to gain votes. This article suggests that rallies are one of several forms of campaign visits along with official business stops, courtesy calls to local notables, and personal interactions with constituents. Drawing on an original dataset of campaign visits in Ghana's 2016 and 2020 elections, we find that a significant political learning process took place between the two races for candidates of the two major parties, as candidates diversified their strategies beyond the rally-intensive campaign. Candidates extended the communicative and representative elements of the traditional rally through socially embedded practices by relying on occupational groups like market associations and fisherfolk to mobilise voters. By explaining the meaning behind different forms of campaign visits, we conclude that campaign rallies and other visits are embedded in social realities that shape political mobilisation.
Determinants of Laplacians on non-compact surfaces

In this overview article we give a brief presentation of the definition of relative determinants of Laplace operators in the setting of surfaces with asymptotically cusp ends. We refer to renormalized determinants on surfaces that allow funnel ends in addition to cusp ends. We describe the extremal problem in these settings and the behavior of the determinant in the moduli space of surfaces with cusps.
Success Factors in Alternative Delivery Channels of Banking: Innovative Solutions to Meet the Challenges of Bank of the Future

This paper aims at understanding the success factors in the Alternative Delivery Channel (ADC) of different scheduled commercial banks in Bangladesh. This research includes the most commonly used channels provided by commercial banks such as ATM, POS, Credit/debit card, mobile banking, internet banking, agent banking, etc. The research methodology involves collecting both primary and secondary data. The primary data was sourced from the questionnaire prepared to find out the significant factors that responsible for the successful venture of any alternative delivery channel of the scheduled banks. The clients were selected based on their services received from ADCs and the sample size is 144. The study also focuses on the reasons why some banks are so successful in this area, why some banks are not. For the secondary data, the authors have taken the individual bank’s data from Bangladesh Bank. The secondary data enabled to assess of the present scenario of the ADC facilities of the commercial banks in Bangladesh. The study will help policymakers to detect the challenges of promoting alternative delivery channels in the banking sector and make solutions to meet the challenges of the future banking system.
Effect of the Mortar Volume Ratio on the Mechanical Behavior of Class CI Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer Concrete

This research described the effect of the mortar volume ratio on the mechanical behavior of Class CI fly ash-based geopolymer concrete. The absolute volume ratio parameters were designed to determine the effects on the mechanical properties of the geopolymer concrete. The volume ratio of the mortar to coarse aggregate voids (Rc) was increased by 0.25 increments, from 1 to 1.75, using constant parameters of 10 M NaOH at a ratio of Na2SiO3to NaOH (R). Furthermore, the alkaline to fly ash ratio (A) of 0.35 and the volume ratio of paste to fine aggregate voids (Rm) of 1.5 were based on geopolymer paste and mortar investigations previously published. The test results showed that 1) the Rc ratio influences the workability and compressive strength of geopolymer concrete; 2) the increase in the Rc ratio by 1.75 is not linear with the rise in compressive strength but produces better mechanical properties; 3) it does not affect the tensile strength of both geopolymer and OPC concretes; 4) the lower the Rc ratio, the higher the flexural strength; 5) the Rc ratio does not affect the OPC concrete and GC tensile strength; 6) the bond stress in geopolymer concrete with an Rc ratio of 1.75 is higher than in OPC concrete; and 7) Rc ratio does not affect the early strength of geopolymer concrete. The geopolymer concrete experienced an increase in compressive strength after 28 days, while the OPC concrete remained flat. The results will help develop an optimal mix design of Class CI ﬂy ash with moderate calcium oxide in the production of geopolymer concrete. This will improve the future applications of using this process in new binding materials. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-09-012 Full Text: PDF
Likelihood-Based Inference in Multivariate Panel Cointegration Models

This paper presents a general likelihood-based framework for inference in panel-VAR models with cointegrating restrictions. The cointegrating relations are restricted to each cross-section while the rest of the model is unrestricted. The homogenous restriction of common cointegrating space is also considered. Asymptotic distributions of parameter estimates and the test statistics for the cointegrating rank and the homogenous restriction are derived. The distribution for the cointegrating rank is shown to be the convolution of the standard distribution of the trace statistic and the chi$^2$ distribution. The homogenous restriction test statistic is chi$^2$. A Monte Carlo simulation investigates the small sample properties of the two tests. The empirical size of the test for the cointegrating rank is well above the nominal. A Bartlett corrected test statistic is shown to have size very close to the nominal. We give an empirical example for a consumption model including consumption, income and inflation.
Ethical dilemmas in community interpreting: interpreters’ experiences and guidance from the code of ethics

ABSTRACT Community interpreters (or public service interpreters) work in a variety of contexts, including health, legal, and governmental service provision. Although the field is characterised by diversity, community interpreters may be unified by the relevant professional code of ethics. Previous studies have shown that case deliberation in educational settings can be valuable to practitioners in developing the skills to resolve ethical dilemmas in practice. This study explored ethical dilemmas experienced by community interpreters working in policing and other contexts. Transcripts of interviews with 20 Australian community interpreters were analysed to document the types of ethical dilemmas discussed and the salience of ethical principles in resolving them. Participants referred to all ethical principles from the Australian Code of Ethics. Four themes were identified in the types of dilemmas that participants reported: wanting to help one of the parties, not wanting to say what the parties said, pressure to take on another professional’s role, and disagreeing with another interpreter’s choices. Participants’ resolutions of ethical dilemmas mostly aligned with principles from the Code. The study highlights the significance of professional ethics to community interpreters and provides examples from practice that may be valuable in community interpreter education, training and professional development contexts.
Chandra Detection of a Type II Quasar at z = 3.288

We report on observations of a type II quasar at redshift z = 3.288, identified as a hard X-ray source in a 185 ks observation with the Chandra X-Ray Observatory and as a high-redshift photometric candidate from deep, multiband optical imaging. CXO J084837.9+445352 (hereafter CXO 52) shows an unusually hard X-ray spectrum from which we infer an absorbing column density NH = (4.8 ± 2.1) × 1023 cm-2 (90% confidence) and an implied unabsorbed 2-10 keV rest-frame luminosity of L2-10 = 3.3 × 1044 ergs s-1, well within the quasar regime. Hubble Space Telescope imaging shows CXO 52 to be elongated with slight morphological differences between the WFPC2 F814W and NICMOS F160W bands. Optical and near-infrared spectroscopy of CXO 52 shows high-ionization emission lines with velocity widths ~1000 km s-1 and flux ratios similar to a Seyfert 2 galaxy or radio galaxy. The latter are the only class of high-redshift type II luminous active galactic nuclei that have been extensively studied to date. Unlike radio galaxies, however, CXO 52 is radio quiet, remaining undetected at radio wavelengths to fairly deep limits, f4.8 GHz < 40 μJy. High-redshift type II quasars, expected from unification models of active galaxies and long thought necessary to explain the X-ray background, are poorly constrained observationally, with few such systems known. We discuss recent observations of similar type II quasars and detail search techniques for such systems, namely, (1) X-ray selection, (2) radio selection, (3) multicolor imaging selection, and (4) narrowband imaging selection. Such studies are likely to begin identifying luminous, high-redshift type II systems in large numbers. We discuss the prospects for these studies and their implications for our understanding of the X-ray background.
Dynamical Surface Gravity in Spherically Symmetric Black Hole Formation

We study dynamical surface gravity in a general spherically symmetric setting using Painleve´Gullstrand coordinates. Our analysis includes several definitions that have been proposed in the past as well as two new definitions adapted to Painleve´-Gullstrand coordinates. Various properties are considered, including general covariance, value at extremality, locality and static limit. We illustrate with specific examples of ‘‘dirty’’ black holes that even for spacetimes possessing a global timelike Killing vector, local definitions of surface gravity can differ substantially from ‘‘nonlocal’’ ones that require an asymptotic normalization condition. Finally, we present numerical calculations of dynamical surface gravity for black hole formation via spherically symmetric scalar field collapse. Our results highlight the differences between the various definitions in a dynamical setting and provide further insight into the distinction between local and nonlocal definitions of surface gravity.
Social Functioning and Life-Related Domains Associated with Cognitive Frailty in Older Adults

Abstract Aim To examine the characteristics of social functions and life-related domains associated with cognitive frailty in community-dwelling older adults. Methods This study is cross-sectional study. One hundred twenty-one community-dwelling older adults (mean age ± SD: 77 ± 7 years) participated. Social functioning was assessed based on the Makizako-5 criteria and life-related domains based on the Kihon Checklist (KCL) questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed based on binomial logistic regression analysis with the presence of cognitive frailty as the dependent variable. Results The social functioning and life-related domains associated with cognitive frailty were the Makizako-5 [OR: 0.25 (95%CI: 0.07–0.95)], and oral functioning [4.72 (1.03–21.56)] items. In particular, the characteristics revealed included less frequent visits to friends’ homes (p = 0.035), lower sense of self-usefulness (p = 0.011), and dry mouth (p = 0.011). Conclusions Low social functioning and poor oral function were found to be associated with cognitive frailty.
Much Ado About Something: Why Lieb-Robinson bounds are useful

Understanding many-body dynamics lies at the heart of many fundamental problems of mathematical physics. Even when one is not directly concerned with time-dependent phenomena, such as in the study of equilibrium and non-equilibrium stationary states, one is essentially investigating properties of the dynamics. It is also possible to approach spectral questions about the Hamiltonian of a quantum system starting from an analysis of the dynamics it generates. The equations of hydrodynamics, the Boltzmann equation, and the Gross-Pitaevskii equation, are well-known examples that continue to receive a lot of attention. In these examples the aim is to describe the dynamics of a large number, N, of identical particles. More recently, other types of questions have been raised in quantum information theory, where one is less interested in the large N limit (although N may be large) and where one usually does not want to make the assumption that all degrees of freedom are identical and are subject to identical interactions. In either case, one is confronted with the task of taming the complexity of many-body dynamics, and quantum mechanics adds another layer of complexity due to the role played by entanglement. Fortunately, the interactions in many physical systems are either of finite range or their strength decays exponentially (or with a large inverse power) in the distance between particles. In the past five years Lieb-Robinson bounds have been shown to be a powerful tool to turn this inherent locality of physical systems into useful mathematical estimates. Lieb-Robinson bounds provide an estimate for the speed of propagation of signals (disturbances) in a spatially extended system and estimate the magnitude of signals propagating faster than this speed (the propagation bound is not absolute since we are dealing with non-relativistic systems). Systems defined on a lattice or, more generally, a metric graph, are simpler than systems of particles in the continuum because the number of degrees of freedom in a finite region of space can be bounded. So far, Lieb-Robinson bounds have only been obtained for such systems but we believe that similar results are possible for continuum systems and would also be very useful in applications. We will only consider lattice systems here, with the term “lattice” taken in the broad sense of a discrete set of points. For concreteness and due to space-limitations, we will restrict ourselves to quantum systems. Similar considerations have been applied to classical systems such as anharmonic lattice oscillators [23, 9, 37] but we will not discuss this further here. Our basic set-up is then as follows. Let be a set equipped with a metric d. Associated to each x 2 , there is a Hilbert space H � � =
Analisis deskriptif tentang cabang olahraga basket dengan hashtag (#Ponxxpapua) pada akun instagram PERBASI

Bola basket menjadi olahraga yang cukup diminati oleh banyak orang, terlebih lagi dengan adanya media sosial orang – orang akan semakin mudah untuk mengikuti perkembangan yang berkaitan dengan olahraga bola basket. Studi ini menganalisis 22 konten sosial media milik akun instagram perbasi.ina dengan hashtag (#ponxxpapua) pada pergelaran PON Papua. Tujuan penilitian untuk melihat gambaran konten sosial media instagram yang diposting oleh PERBASI (Persatuan Basket Indonesia) dalam memperlihatkan perkembangan bola basket yang ada di Indonesia, khususnya dalam kompetisi pergelaran PON Papua. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi analisis statistik deskriptif terhadap 22 data yang telah dikumpulkan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan 4 kelompok besar tema konten sosial media yang diporeleh, diantaranya: 1) hasil pertandingan; 2) performa pemain; 3) apresiasi performa tim, dan 4) statistik data pemain. Berdasarkan hasil dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa setiap konten sosial media yang diposting pada akun instagram perbasi.ina dengan hashtag (#ponxxpapua) memiliki cakupan informasi yang cukup signifikan dalam memberikan informasi perkembangan bola basket di Indonesia kepada masayarakat. Keunggulan, kelemahan dan implikasi penelitian mendatang serta sumbangan penelittian terhadap perkembangan bola basket di Indonesia kepada Masyarakat.
Galaxy clustering constraints on deviations from Newtonian gravity at cosmological scales

In spite of the growing observational evidence for dark matter and dark energy in the universe, their physical nature is largely unknown. In fact, several authors have proposed modifications of Newton's law of gravity at cosmological scales to account for the apparent acceleration of the cosmic expansion. Inspired by such suggestions, we attempt to constrain possible deviations from Newtonian gravity by means of the clustering of SDSS (Sloan Digital Sky Survey) galaxies. To be specific, we assume a simple modification of Newton's law with an additional Yukawa-type term characterized by the amplitude $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ and the length scale $\ensuremath{\lambda}$. Adopting spatially-flat universes dominated by cold dark matter and/or dark energy, we solve a linear perturbation equation for the growth of density fluctuations. In particular, we find an exact analytic solution for the Einstein-de Sitter case. Following the Peacock-Dodds prescription, we compute the nonlinear power spectra of mass fluctuations, perform a statistical comparison with the SDSS galaxy data, and derive constraints in the $\ensuremath{\alpha}$-$\ensuremath{\lambda}$ plane; for instance, we obtain the constraints of $\ensuremath{-}0.5l\ensuremath{\alpha}l0.6$ and $\ensuremath{-}0.8l\ensuremath{\alpha}l0.9$ ($99.7%$ confidence level) for $\ensuremath{\lambda}=5{h}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ Mpc and $10{h}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ Mpc, respectively. We also discuss several future possibilities for improving our analysis.
NONSINGULAR CHARGED BLACK HOLES À LA PALATINI

We argue that the quantum nature of matter and gravity should lead to a discretization of the allowed states of the matter confined in the interior of black holes. To support and illustrate this idea, we consider a quadratic extension of general relativity (GR) formulated a la Palatini and show that nonrotating, electrically charged black holes develop a compact core at the Planck density which is nonsingular if the mass spectrum satisfies a certain discreteness condition. We also find that the area of the core is proportional to the number of charges times the Planck area.
Single cell RNA-seq of human cornea organoids identifies cell fates of a developing immature cornea

Abstract The cornea is a protective and refractive barrier in the eye crucial for vision. Understanding the human cornea in health, disease, and cell-based treatments can be greatly advanced with cornea organoids developed in culture from induced pluripotent stem cells. While a limited number of studies have investigated the single-cell transcriptomic composition of the human cornea, its organoids have not been examined similarly. Here, we elucidated the transcriptomic cell fate map of 4-month-old human cornea organoids and human donor corneas. The organoids harbor cell clusters that resemble cells of the corneal epithelium, stroma, and endothelium, with subpopulations that capture signatures of early developmental states. Unlike the adult cornea where the largest cell population is stromal, the organoids contain large proportions of epithelial and endothelial-like cells. These corneal organoids offer a 3D model to study corneal diseases and integrated responses of different cell types.
A post-TOV formalism for relativistic stars

Besides their astrophysical interest, compact stars also provide an arena for understanding the properties of theories of gravity that differ from Einstein's general relativity. Numerous studies have shown that different modified theories of gravity can modify the bulk properties (such as mass and radius) of neutron stars for given assumptions on the microphysics. What is not usually stressed though is the strong degeneracy in the predictions of these theories for the stellar mass and radius. Motivated by this observation, in this paper we take an alternative route and construct a stellar structure formalism which, without adhering to any particular theory of gravity, describes in a simple parametrized form the departure from compact stars in general relativity. This "post-TOV" formalism for spherical static stars is inspired by the well-known parametrized post-Newtonian theory, extended to second post-Newtonian order by adding suitable correction terms to the fully relativistic Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff (TOV) equations. We show how neutron star properties are modified within our formalism, paying special attention to the effect of each correction term. We also show that the formalism is equivalent to general relativity with an "effective" (gravity-modified) equation of state.