Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sex-Specific Impact of Fkbp5 on Hippocampal Response to Acute Alcohol Injection: Involvement in Alterations of Metabolism-Related Pathways

High levels of alcohol intake alter brain gene expression and can produce long-lasting effects. FK506-binding protein 51 (FKBP51) encoded by Fkbp5 is a physical and cellular stress response gene and has been associated with alcohol consumption and withdrawal severity. Fkbp5 has been previously linked to neurite outgrowth and hippocampal morphology, sex differences in stress response, and epigenetic modification. Presently, primary cultured Fkbp5 KO and WT mouse neurons were examined for neurite outgrowth and mitochondrial signal with and without alcohol. We found neurite specification differences between KO and WT; particularly, mesh-like morphology was observed after alcohol treatment and confirmed higher MitoTracker signal in cultured neurons of Fkbp5 KO compared to WT at both naive and alcohol-treated conditions. Brain regions that express FKBP51 protein were identified, and hippocampus was confirmed to possess a high level of expression. RNA-seq profiling was performed using the hippocampus of naïve or alcohol-injected (2 mg EtOH/Kg) male and female Fkbp5 KO and WT mice. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between Fkbp5 KO and WT at baseline and following alcohol treatment, with female comparisons possessing a higher number of DEGs than male comparisons. Pathway analysis suggested that genes affecting calcium signaling, lipid metabolism, and axon guidance were differentially expressed at naïve condition between KO and WT. Alcohol treatment significantly affected pathways and enzymes involved in biosynthesis (Keto, serine, and glycine) and signaling (dopamine and insulin receptor), and neuroprotective role. Functions related to cell morphology, cell-to-cell signaling, lipid metabolism, injury response, and post-translational modification were significantly altered due to alcohol. In summary, Fkbp5 plays a critical role in the response to acute alcohol treatment by altering metabolism and signaling-related genes.
SCTCMG 2018 International Scientific Conference «Social and Cultural Transformations in the Context of Modern Globalism» METHODOLOGICAL BASES OF NETWORK ANALYSIS COVERING PROBLEMS OF INDIVIDUAL SOCIAL ADAPTATION

Current trends in modernization of present-day higher education determine the demand for the development of network processes and practices in ensuring the key tasks of training initiative and competent specialists. Herewith, it is necessary to develop scientifically based ways and means of social adaptation of an individual under the conditions of evolving network reality of education. The present paper covers social, theoretical and practical relevance of the problem. The authors describe the existing approaches to its solution in an interdisciplinary context. Special attention is paid to the peculiarities of the network approach and aspects of its development in line with creating conditions for the individual’s social adaptation in education. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the theoretical and methodological foundations of the heuristic potential of the network approach to the problems of social adaptation and individual’s viability in higher education. Current approaches to the analysis and improvement of individuals’ social adaptation strategies under current conditions of network practices demonstrate an insufficient level of methodological problem understanding. The study of the methodological foundations of the network problems of individual social adaptation in education is based on the general methodological principle of the normative and interpretive analysis, which allows integrating the data of modern social and humanitarian knowledge in the construction of theoretical images of social phenomena. The article describes the novelty and the theoretical significance of the problem. © 2019 Published by Future Academy www.FutureAcademy. org.UK
Exploring High School Mathematics Teachers’ Experiences of Professional Development in the Integration of GeoGebra

This study investigated how high school mathematics teachers in South Africa integrate GeoGebra, a free dynamic mathematics software program, into their teaching practices. The research explored teachers' perceptions of the training they received for the GeoGebra software, their ability to create and implement GeoGebra-based lessons, and their confidence in using it in the classroom. The study employed an interpretive research paradigm to gather insights through unstructured interviews with four purposefully selected teachers from South Africa's Northwest Province. Despite the absence of a structured training program, the study findings indicate teachers' enthusiasm for adopting GeoGebra. The study underscores the need for the Department of Basic Education to enhance support to address potential obstacles and the importance of aligning GeoGebra training with existing guidelines for integrating information and communication technologies within the Department of Basic Education and school management. In summary, this study provides valuable insights into how professional development impacts high school mathematics teachers' incorporation of GeoGebra, with implications for the design and implementation of future programs aimed at helping teachers integrate technology into their instructional practices.
Isolation of Polyphenols from Aqueous Extract of the Halophyte Salicornia ramosissima

Polyphenols from residual non-food grade Salicornia ramosissima have health-promoting effects in feed, food, or nutraceutical applications. Therefore, the isolation of polyphenols is of interest from a series of environmentally friendly isolation methods with recyclable solvents. The isolation of polyphenols from non-food grade S. ramosissima was investigated using sequential membrane filtration with and without acid pretreatment, liquid–liquid extraction, resin adsorption, and centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC); analyzed by the Folin–Ciocalteu assay for total polyphenols; and finally analyzed using UPLC-TQMS in negative ion-spray mode for detection of 14 polyphenols. Sequential membrane filtration and acid hydrolysis indicated the polyphenols forming complexes with other compounds, retaining the polyphenols in the retentate fraction of large molecular weight cut-off membrane sizes. Conventional liquid–liquid extraction using sequential ethyl acetate and n-butanol showed most polyphenols were extracted, apart from chlorogenic acids, indicating a low isolation efficiency of higher polarity polyphenols. Analysis of the extract after resin adsorption by Amberlite XAD-4 resin showed high efficiency for separation, with 100% of polyphenols adsorbed to the resin after 13 bed volumes and 96.7% eluted from the resin using ethanol. CPC fractionations were performed to fractionate the concentrated extract after resin adsorption. CPC fractionations of the 14 polyphenols were performed using an organic or aqueous phase as a mobile phase. Depending on the mobile phase, different compounds were isolated in a high concentration. Using these easily scalable methods, it was possible to comprehensively study the polyphenols of interest from S. ramosissima and their isolation mechanics. This study will potentially lead the way for the large-scale isolation of polyphenols from S. ramosissima and other complex halophytes. The compounds of the highest concentration after CPC fractionation were isoquercitrin and hyperoside (155.27 mg/g), chlorogenic acid (85.54 mg/g), cryptochlorogenic acid (101.50 mg/g), and protocatechuic acid (398.67 mg/g), and further isolation using CPC could potentially yield novel polyphenol nutraceuticals.
Diabetes Status, c-Reactive Protein, and Insulin Resistance in Community-Acquired Pneumonia—A Prospective Cohort Study

C-reactive protein (CRP) is commonly used to guide community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) treatment. A positive association between admission glucose and CRP levels has been observed in patients with CAP. The associations between prediabetes, unknown diabetes, acute-on-chronic hyperglycaemia, and CRP levels, and between admission CRP levels and insulin resistance (IR) in CAP, remain unexplored. This study investigated the associations firstly between chronic, acute, and acute-on-chronic hyperglycaemia and CRP levels, and secondly between admission CRP levels and IR in CAP. In a prospective cohort study of adults with CAP, the associations between chronic, acute, and acute-on-chronic hyperglycaemia (admission glucose minus HbA1c-derived average glucose) and CRP levels until admission day 3 were modelled with repeated-measures linear mixed models. IR was estimated with the homeostasis model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR). The association between admission CRP levels and HOMA-IR was modelled with linear regression. In 540 patients, no association between chronic, acute, or acute-on-chronic hyperglycaemia and CRP levels was found. In 266 patients, every 50 mg/L increase in admission CRP was associated with a 7% (95% CI 1–14%) higher HOMA-IR. In conclusion, our findings imply that hyperglycaemia does not influence CRP levels in patients with CAP, although admission CRP levels were positively associated with IR.
Education for sustainable clothing consumerism?

This paper sheds light on how aesthetic judgments govern actions in education for design literacy and sustainability behaviours. Educational material is examined by asking: (1) What meanings regarding becoming a sustainable consumer are made available to students in the educational material? (2) How are these narratives communicated to change students’ behaviours? The material in question consists of 17 design projects intended to be used in the Swedish school subject, Educational Sloyd. Using a practical epistemological analysis, two ways of becoming a sustainable consumer are identified: to have fun and to feel clever. The paper also shows how social marketing is used as a strategy in communicating how to change student behaviours. In the discussion, we turn to design literacy research to discuss the results from an educational perspective.
Enhancing Web Application Security: A Deep Learning and NLP-based Approach for Accurate Attack Detection

Abstract— Nowadays, web attacks have become more complicated, leading to the difficulty of traditional web application firewalls (WAFs) in recognizing those threats, especially when dealing with new attacks. Hence, machine learning/deep learning (ML/DL) approaches have been applied to the field of web attack detection with proven success. However, most existing ML/DL-based web attack detectors focus on a specific type of attack due to the difference in the payload of various attacks, which sets a border to the capability of those solutions in detecting new attack types. In this paper, we propose a novel DL-based solution for web attack detection, named DL-WAD, leveraging deep learning and natural language processing techniques. Moreover, DL-WAD is designed with a data preprocessing mechanism aimed at differentiating between regular web requests and malicious ones that carry attack payloads encompassing multiple types of web attacks. The experiment results indicate the effectiveness of our solution in protecting the target web services from a wide range of attacks with high accuracy.
Effects of Curcumin on the Egg Quality and Hepatic Lipid Metabolism of Laying Hens

Simple Summary The poultry industry is increasingly seeking natural, safe, and cost-effective feed additives, due to the ban on antibiotics and rising production demands. Curcumin, a natural plant extract, has demonstrated antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in feed additive studies. However, the mechanism by which curcumin supplementation improves the performance and health status of laying hens needs to be more thoroughly investigated. In this study, our results showed that a 200 mg/kg curcumin supplementation significantly enhanced egg quality by targeting and regulating oviduct expansion glycoprotein gene expression. Additionally, curcumin improved hepatic lipid metabolism in laying hens by regulating hepatic fatty acid synthesis genes. These findings provide a basis for considering curcumin as a valuable feed additive in the laying hen industry. Abstract Curcumin, the major active compound of turmeric, has shown potential benefits for poultry health and production in various studies. However, its specific role in enhancing the egg quality and liver health of laying hens, as well as its underlying mechanisms, have yet to be determined. Here, a total of 600 Su Qin No.1 Laying hens, aged 55 weeks and with similar laying rates, were randomly placed into five groups, with 10 replicates of 12 hens each. Curcumin doses of 0, 100, 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg were added to the basal diet to form the experimental groups. After an 8-week feeding period, no significant changes were observed in the production performance of laying hens due to curcumin supplementation. However, additional tests revealed that a 200 mg/kg curcumin supplementation improved albumen height, yolk color, Haugh unit, and eggshell thickness, while reducing the thin albumen’s weight and proportion. This was accompanied by a significant down-regulation of the mRNA expression level of the Prolactin Receptor (Prlr) in the oviduct magnum. Furthermore, the number of hepatic lipid droplets and the hepatic triglyceride (TG) content, as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly reduced, indicating improved hepatic lipid metabolism and oxidative status. This was accompanied by a significant reduction in the expressions of sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 gene (Srebp-1), fatty acid synthase gene (Fasn), as well as fatty acid synthase (FASN), which are closely related to fatty acid synthesis in the liver. Overall, these findings suggest that curcumin supplementation at a dosage of 200 mg/kg could lead to significant improvements in egg quality and hepatic lipid metabolism.
International Journal of Health Geographics a Comparative Analysis of Aspatial Statistics for Detecting Racial Disparities in Cancer Mortality Rates

Background: Our progress towards the goal of eliminating racial health disparities requires methods for assessing the existence, magnitude, and statistical significance of health disparities. In comparing disease rates, we must account for the unreliability of rates computed for small minority populations and within sparsely populated areas. Furthermore, as the number of geographic units under study increases, we also must account for multiple testing to assure we do not misclassify disparities as present when they actually are not (false positive). To date and to our knowledge, none of the methodologies in current use simultaneously address all of these important needs. And few, if any studies have undertaken a systematic comparison of methods to identify those that are statistically robust and reliable.
Endophyte community interactions enhance stress tolerance and tackle climate change

Endophyte microorganisms are vital in protecting plants from pathogens and environmental stressors, such as abiotic and biotic stresses. They produce various useful compounds, including phytohormones, siderophores, and bioactive substances that can protect against insects, microbes, and viruses. Climate change is a significant threat to plant communities, but despite numerous studies investigating the impact of climate change on plants, there has been relatively little research on the role of the plant microbiome in helping plants adapt to changing conditions. This is a significant issue because global agriculture will face significant challenges due to worsening drought conditions caused by climate change. However, research has shown that plant microbiomes, particularly fungal endophytes, can help crops cope with drought stress. To understand the role of these endophytes and their diversity in plant symbiosis is essential to anticipate their function in a changing climate, Ургамал эндофит бичил биетэнтэй харилцан үйлчлэх нь түүний уур амьсгалын өөрчлөлтөд дасан зохицох болон стресс тэсвэрлэх чадварт нөлөөлөх нь Хураангуй. Эндофит бичил биетнүүд нь өвчин үүсгэгчдээс болон хүрээлэн буй орчны абиотик, биотик стрессээс ургамлыг хамгаалдаг чухал ач холбогдолтой организмууд юм. Эдгээр бичил биетнүүд нь шавж, бактери болон вирусүүдийн эсрэг хамгаалах фитогормонууд, төмөр, фосфат болон биологийн идэвхт олон төрлийн бодисуудыг нийлэгжүүлдэг. Уур амьсгалын өөрчлөлт нь ургамлын бүлгэмдэлд томоохон аюулыг учруулж байгаа бөгөөд ургамалд үзүүлэх нөлөөллийг судалсан олон судалгаа байгаа хэдий ч ургамлын орчны өөрчлөлтөд дасан зохицоход ургамал доторх бичил биетний гүйцэтгэх үүргийн талаар харьцангуй бага судалгаа хийгдсэн байна. Уур амьсгалын өөрчлөлтөөс үүдэлтэй ган гачгийн нөхцөл байдал улам хүндэрч, дэлхийн хөдөө аж ахуй салбарууд томоохон сорилтуудтай нүүр тулгарах тул энэ нь их чухал асуудал болж байгаа юм. Гэсэн хэдий ч судлаачид ургамал дахь бичил биетнүүд ялангуяа эндофит мөөгөнцрүүд нь үр тарианд гангийн стрессийг даван туулахад тусалдаг болохыг олж мэдсэн. Тиймээс эдгээр эндофит мөөгөнцрүүдийн үүрэг, олон янз байдлыг ойлгож уур амьсгалын өөрчлөлтөд бэлэн байх нь нэн чухал юм. Түлхүүр үгс: Стресс тэсвэрлэх, уур амьсгалын өөрчлөлт, эндофит мөөгөнцөр, ургамал хамгаалах, ган гачиг
Acute Cytomegalovirus infection complicated with Haematophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in a young male with an inaugural diagnosis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A case report

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease due to a diverging immune response resulting in immune-mediated damage to tissues with significant morbidity and mortality. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a constantly encountered, widespread herpesvirus with a mild impact on immunocompetent hosts but can lead to significant morbidity and mortality in the immunocompromised host. Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare and potentially fatal clinical condition with a collection of symptoms resulting from exaggerated immune activation, response, and cytokine storm. HLH can be primary which is genetically predisposed, and secondary which is usually preceded by an infection or an inflammatory process which then is referred to as macrophage activation syndrome. Here we report a rare case of a young male with an inaugural diagnosis of SLE complicated with HLH following a recent CMV infection.
Review of current and planned adaptation action in Botswana

iii Résumé . iv Synopsis . x Introduction . 1 1. Current climate and projected changes . 2 1.1 Current climate . 2 1.2 Observed climate trends . 3 1.3 Climate projections . 4 2. Vulnerability to climate change . 4 2.1 Development profile . 4 2.2 Vulnerability of key sectors . 7 2.3 Vulnerable regions and groups . 8 3. Adaptation planning context . 9 3.1 National-level development policy context . 10 3.2 National-level climate policy context . 11 3.3 Institutional structure for climate governance . 13 3.4 National-level sectoral policies. 14 4. Current and planned adaptation programs and projects . 16 4.1 Adaptation projects and programs . 16 4.2 Climate finance . 18 5. Networks and communities of practice . 20 6. Conclusions . 21 7. Annexes . 23 8. References . 31 CARIAA Working Paper #7
Diverse and weakly immunogenic var gene expression facilitates malaria infection

Plasmodium falciparum is believed to escape immunity via antigenic variation, mediated in part by 60 var genes. These genes undergo mutually exclusive expression and encode the PfEMP1 surface antigen. The frequency of var switching and the immunogenicity of each expressed PfEMP1 remain unclear. To this end, we carried out a Controlled Human Malaria Infection (CHMI) study with 19 adult African volunteers in The Gambia to gain insight into the effect of naturally acquired immunity on the expressed var gene repertoire during early phase of an infection. Our findings demonstrated a strong correlation between the diversity of var expression, quantified through entropy, and infection outcome. Low-immunity individuals were characterised by high var entropy profiles, higher parasitaemia, and lower sero-recognised PfEMP1 domains compared to high-immunity individuals. For the first time we recorded the probability of var gene switching in vitro and of turnover in vivo, enabling us to estimate both intrinsic switching and negative-selection effects. These processes are rapid, resulting in estimated turnover/switching probabilities of 69% - 97% and 7% - 57% per generation, in vivo and in vitro, respectively. Var (PfEMP1) expression triggered time-dependent humoral immune responses in low immunity individuals, with many PfEMP1 domains remaining weakly immunogenic. We conclude that the role of intrinsic var switching is to reset and maintain a diverse var repertoire. The high var switching rates and weak PfEMP1 immunogenicity benefit parasite survival during the CHMI.
Acoustic stimulation during sleep predicts long-lasting increases in memory performance and beneficial amyloid response in older adults

Phase‐locked acoustic stimulation (PLAS) during slow wave sleep (SWS) is able to boost SWS and – as a downstream effect – improve sleep‐dependent memory consolidation. Due to an assumed bi‐directional link between SWS disturbances and memory decline in aging, older adults might benefit most from interventions targeting SWS improvements.
Analytical issues in the study of verb–noun compounds: How does Akan fit in?

Abstract This paper highlights three issues in the study of verb–noun compounding and shows how data from Akan (Niger-Congo, Kwa, Ghana) help answer the relevant questions for the language. The issues, which mainly concern the exocentric subtype, are: one, the syntactic category of the left-hand constituent and that of the whole compound; two, whether the formation of verb–noun compounds is a matter of syntax or morphology; and three, how to distinguish between verb–noun compounds and verb phrases, given their structural similarity. Although these issues have come up somehow in the literature on Akan verb–noun compounds, they have not been deliberately targeted for discussion. This paper fills the gap. It is shown that the left-hand constituent is definitely a verb. This raises the question of how to account for the syntactic category of the exocentric subclass of the compound, given that the compound is not a hyponym of the right-hand nominal constituent whose syntactic category may be assumed to percola.