Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
UncertaintyAnalysis forReturnTrajectory ofVertical Takeoff and Vertical Landing Reusable Launch Vehicle

(e uncertainties during the return trajectory of vertical takeoff and vertical landing reusable launch vehicle weaken the ability of precision landing and make the return process more challenging. (is paper is devoted to quantifying the probability uncertainty of return trajectory with uncertain parameters. (e uncertainty model of return multi-flight-phase under the uncertainties of initial flight path angle, axial aerodynamic coefficient, and atmospheric density is established using the generalized polynomial chaos expansion method. By parameterizing random uncertainties and introducing random parameters into the uncertainty model, the uncertainty analysis problem of return trajectory is transformed into stochastic trajectory approximation problem. (e coefficients of the polynomial basis function are solved by the stochastic collocation method. (en state solutions, statistical properties, and global sensitivity with Sobol index are established based on coefficients. (e simulation results show the efficiency and accuracy of this method compared with the Monte Carlo method, the evolution process of main output parameters under random parameters, and relative importance for random parameters. (rough the uncertainty analysis of the return trajectory, the robustness of return trajectory can be quantified, which is contributed to improving the safety, reliability, and robustness of recovery and landing mission.
The Successful Use of Dual Flow Diverters in the Treatment of a Fusiform Middle Cerebral Artery Aneurysm

Citation: Maraj PS, Ramnarine N, Zeitoune YPT (2021) The Successful Use of Dual Flow Diverters in the Treatment of a Fusiform Middle Cerebral Artery Aneurysm. Neurosurg Cases Rev 4:077. doi. org/10.23937/2643-4474/1710077 Accepted: September 02, 2021; Published: September 04, 2021 Copyright: © 2021 Maraj PS, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Open Access Neurosurgery Cases and Reviews
Designing a Model for Flu Propagation in Emergency Departments

—Influenza is an acute viral infection that primarily attacks the upper respiratory tract. The disease occurs worldwide and spreads very quickly in populations, especially in crowded circumstances like Emergency Departments (ED). Influenza can be spread in three main ways, all of which are very feasible in ED environments: by the airborne route, by contaminated surfaces or from direct personal contact such as a handshake. Our research uses Agent Based Modeling and Simulation techniques to build the model and the simulation of the transmission of flu virus contact in ED. The simulator allows us to build virtual scenarios with the aim of understanding the phenomenon of flu transmission and the potential impact of the implementation of different policies in propagation rates. This work is an expansion of the previous one carried on by other members of our research group, with the aim of developing a more flexible and reasonable healthcare system simulation and modeling.
Activation of Cellulosic Ethanol Lignin by Laccase and its Application as Plywood Adhesive

To reuse biorefinery waste, cellulose ethanol lignin was treated with a laccase system and used as an adhesive for plywood panel preparation. The effects of the amount of laccase, the pH of the reaction system, the reaction temperature, and the reaction time on the bonding strength were studied. The reaction characteristics of the lignin were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The results showed that the amount of laccase and the pH value of the reaction system had a significant effect on the bonding strength, and the addition of Tween-80 and polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate (PMDI) could improve the wet strength of the cemented system. FT-IR indicated that the lignin had been etherified and NMR analysis showed the partial ether bond in the β-O-4 structure was cleaved so that the lignin fragment was involved in the gluing of the small molecules. Microscopically speaking, the SEM analysis did not observe the activation of lignin adhesives infiltrating the wood substrate, indicating a weak mechanical gluing.
NDT_A_254124 1339..1347

Jinlong Yuan* Chenlei Huang* Niansheng Lai Zhenbao Li Xiaochun Jiang Xuanzhi Wang Xintong Zhao Degang Wu Jiaqiang Liu Dayong Xia 1 Xinggen Fang 1Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital), Wuhu, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital), Wuhu, People’s Republic of China
A Case Report of Cortisol-Secreating Adrenal Adenoma Causing Cushing Syndrome

Cushing syndrome is a state of prolonged exposure to excess cortisol production. Causes can be varied ranging from exogenous intake or endogenous production from a pituitary source due to overproduction of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) or due to over secretion from unilateral or bilateral adrenal glands. Cushing syndrome in an adult can present with proximal muscle weakness, facial plethora, wasting of the extremities with increased fat in the abdomen and face, wide purplish striae, bruising with no obvious trauma, and supraclavicular fat pads. Here, we report a 38 year old male who presented with suspicion of having Cushing syndrome due to his clinical manifestations and high cortisol levels. He presented to the clinic with new onset diabetes, severe hypertension, chronic abdominal pain and distension which was being investigating by different specialties. The patient underwent CT scan of the abdomen which show right adrenal adenoma and on examination, he was found to have proximal weakness and purple striae. Laboratory data showed high morning cortisol, 24 urine free cortisol and ACTH levels which were strongly suggestive of ACTH independent Cushing syndrome.
Constructing a food retail environment that encourages healthy diets in cities: the contribution of local-level policy makers and civil society

Faced with growing rates of malnutrition, food environments play a key role in shaping eating habits and in helping transition towards healthy diets. Much of the attention on food environment policies has been directed at the national level. Less attention has been devoted to what happens at local level, at the measures being taken by local government policy makers and by other local-level actors to encourage healthier diets, especially in cities. The objective of this article is thus to give an overview of the contribution “from below” to the construction of healthier food environments, that is, to shed light on the specific contribution of local-level policies and initiatives in making nutritious food more available, affordable, and desirable and conversely in making unhealthy foods, such as fast foods and ultra-processed foods, less so. In doing so, it focuses on the retail food environment (RFE) as a specific contribution of cities. A critical review of evaluated local-level policies sheds light on the nature and effectiveness of different types of interventions and on the complementary actions of local government and civil society, where the latter contributes to communicating a different way of “knowing” food in line with a greater appreciation of healthier foods, and to advocating for an integration of sustainability aspects in the transition towards healthy diets. The article reflects upon areas where further efforts and adjustments are needed to make interventions more effective, and emphasizes the need to continue supporting local-level civil society RFE actions, and ensure coordination and coherence between different players and between different administrative levels.
Mixed Reality Autonomous Vehicle Simulation: Implementation of a Hardware-In-the-Loop Architecture at a Miniature Scale

—Validation of autonomous vehicles is a resource intensive and time-consuming endeavour because of their safety critical nature. X-In-the-Loop proposes a development method that uses a simulated environment to overcome real-world constraints to test and improve autonomous vehicle capabilities. Development time can be reduced as each iteration on the control software does not necessarily require real-world testing. This paper focuses on studying the inﬂuence of switching from simulated to real-world camera data on control algorithms execution time in the context of a preliminary work consisting in implementing a Hardware-In-the-Loop architecture on a miniature car .
CONSUMER PERSPECTIVE ON PUBLIC TRANSPORT: THE MEDAN–PEMATANG SIANTAR ROUTE AS A CASE STUDY

Development of public transportation is meant to bridge the divide between cities and encourage development results. The inter-city transportation opens up opportunities for the inter-city trade, reduces costs and increases labor mobility, thereby promoting the inter-city development opportunities. This study uses the factor and cluster analyses. Analysis of factors is performed to determine the most dominant factors. The cluster analysis is used to identify the advantages and disdvantages of five modes of transport, namely taxi, trade rail, economy bus, mini bus, and executive bus. This study aims to determine the perception of users of Medan-Pematang Siantar route service. The results of this study show that there are five dominant factors that are considered before the service users decide on the mode of transport to use, namely the comfort factor, which is the most important consideration, followed by the time factor, cost factor, accessibility factor and safety factor. Keyword: consumer’s perspective, public transportation, inter-city trade CONSUMER PERSPECTIVE ON PUBLIC TRANSPORT: THE MEDAN–PEMATANG SIANTAR ROUTE AS A CASE STUDY
A Resource Sharing Game for the Freshness of Status Updates

Timely information is a crucial factor in a wide range of information, communication, and control systems. For instance, in autonomous driving systems, the state of the traffic and the location of the vehicles must be as recent as possible. The Age of Information is a relatively new metric that measures the freshness of the knowledge we have about the status of a remote system. More specifically, the Age of Information is the time elapsed since the generation of the last successfully received packet by the monitor containing information about the source. Since the seminal paper [2], in several models it has been observed that the policies that optimize performance metrics of interest in queueing theory do not necessarily minimize the Age of Information. Hence, there is a large number of queueing models that are open research problems regarding the Age of Information metric. We refer to [6] for a recent survey of the Age of Information.
Probing the Magnetosheath Boundaries Using Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX) Orbital Encounters

Inside the magnetosheath, the IBEX‐Hi energetic neutral atom (ENA) imager measures a distinct background count rate that is more than 10 times the typical heliospheric ENA emissions observed when IBEX is outside the magnetosheath. The source of this enhancement is magnetosheath ions of solar wind (SW) origin that deflect around the Earth's magnetopause (MP), scatter and neutralize from the anti‐sunward part of the IBEX‐Hi sunshade, and continue into the instrument as neutral atoms, behaving indistinguishably from ENAs emitted from distant plasma sources. While this background pollutes observations of outer heliospheric ENAs, it provides a clear signature of IBEX crossings over the magnetospheric boundaries. In this study, we investigate IBEX encounters with the magnetosheath boundaries using ∼8 yr of orbital data, and we determine the MP and bow shock (BS) locations derived from this background signal. We find 280 BS crossings from XGSE ∼ 11 Re to XGSE ∼ −36 Re and 241 MP crossings from XGSE ∼ 6 Re to XGSE ∼ −48 Re. We compare IBEX BS and MP crossing locations to those from IMP‐8, Geotail, Cluster, Magion‐4, ISEE, and Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission, and we find that IBEX crossing locations overlap with the BS and MP locations inferred from these other data sets. In this paper, we demonstrate how IBEX can be used to identify magnetosheath crossings, and extend boundary observations well past the terminator, thus further constraining future models of magnetosheath boundaries. Furthermore, we use the IBEX data set to show observational evidence of near‐Earth magnetotail squeezing during periods of strong interplanetary magnetic field By.
Optimization of output power and transmission efficiency of magnetically coupled resonance wireless power transfer system

Magnetically coupled resonance (MCR) wireless power transfer (WPT) system is a promising technology in electric energy transmission. But, if its system parameters are designed unreasonably, output power and transmission efficiency will be low. Therefore, optimized parameters design of MCR WPT has important research value. In the MCR WPT system with designated coil structure, the main parameters affecting output power and transmission efficiency are the distance between the coils, the resonance frequency and the resistance of the load. Based on the established mathematical model and the differential evolution algorithm, the change of output power and transmission efficiency with parameters can be simulated. From the simulation results, it can be seen that output power and transmission efficiency of the two-coil MCR WPT system and four-coil one with designated coil structure are improved. The simulation results confirm the validity of the optimization method for MCR WPT system with designated coil structure.
NSS_A_221542 151..159

Peter M Baptista 1 Andrea Costantino 2 Antonio Moffa 3,4 Vittorio Rinaldi Manuele Casale 1Department of ORL, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; 2Otorhinolaryngology Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy; 3Department of Otolaryngology, Integrated Therapies in Otolaryngology, University Campus BioMedico, Rome, Italy; 4Department of Otolaryngology, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy Abstract: Hypoglossal nerve stimulation (HNS) is an increasingly widespread OSA treatment. It is a non-anatomical modifying surgery able to achieve an adequate objective and subjective result with a reasonable complication rate. HNS exploits the neurostimulation to reduce upper airway collapsibility providing a multilevel upper airway improvement within a single procedure. Proper patient selection has a fundamental role in determining an adequate long-term clinical outcome. All patient candidates for HNS undergo a standard comprehensive sleep medicine assessment and upper airway surgical examination. Several features should be assessed preoperatively in order to predict patients' response to HNS treatment. In particular, the assessment of OSA severity, BMI > 32 Kg/m, collapse pattern during drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE), and many other parameters, is central for a good patient selection and customization of OSA treatment. HNS is indeed one of the most promising tools in the widespread context of personalized sleep medicine. HNS is an adjustable medical device that could be titrated in order to improve HNS effectiveness, maintaining patient comfort. Moreover, HNS provides the opportunity for patients to play an active role in their own care, with a potential improvement in therapy adherence and efficacy. This review summarizes the current evidence in patient selection for HNS, highlighting the reasons behind the optimistic future of this OSA treatment in the context of personalized medicine.
Scheduling of Construction Projects under Resource-Constrained Conditions with a Specifically Developed Software using Genetic Algorithms

The purpose of this study is to develop a genetic algorithm (GA) based software that can perform resource allocation close to optimum and that can determine the critical path by minimizing the project duration according to the resource profile for a present work schedule and resource pool using a programmable objective function. In this context, the methodology of GAs was presented, the software was developed and the performance of this software was tested with a sample project. With the developed software, by minimizing the activity durations in both constrained and unconstrained resource conditions, projects can be scheduled, total duration and the critical path of the projects can be determined. With this software, any construction company will be able to determine how much time would be required to complete a project at the bidding stage by considering its resources and constraints and can take the required precautions. The main difference of this present study is that the developed code performs minimization of schedule duration integrated with resource allocation and levelling. It also determines the critical path of the final solutions. Both renewable and non-renewable resources are included in the code which is not often considered in the literature. By minimizing project duration and optimizing resource allocation, construction projects can become more sustainable, and the environmental impact of the construction process could be minimized.
Hybrid crowns – bonding protocols and shear bond strength

Abstract Aims The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of three different surface treatment protocols on the shear bond strength (SBS) of metal brackets to Vita Enamic® and Lava™ Ultimate CAD/CAM hybrid ceramics. Methods A total of 60 crowns were milled and divided into one of three etching groups which used 9.6% hydrofluoric acid, 35% phosphoric acid and 50 μ aluminum oxide microetching. The surface morphology of the ceramic was observed after each etching treatment using a scanning electron microscope to characterise the etched surface. Lower left first molar tubes (Ormco™) were bonded with light-cure composite, stored in artificial saliva for one week and subsequently thermocycled. The SBS test was performed using an Instron 5566 machine. Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI) scores were also assigned to determine the mode of bond failure. Data were analysed using an Independent Sample t-test. Results The SBS of all groups, except the HFA Enamic® group, were significantly lower than the mean SBS of the enamel control group (8.8 MPa). The mean shear bond strength values of Enamic® were significantly higher than those of Lava™ Ultimate (p-values < 0.05). Conclusions Statistically, only Enamic® treated with HFA exhibited sufficient SBS when compared with the enamel control. Adhesive failures between the bracket base and adhesive were the predominant mode of failure in all groups except in the PA Lava™ Ultimate group.
Nuclear Translocation of RelA in Stimulated Macrophages Using

As critical components of the innate immune system, macrophages respond to microbes by recognizing molecules, such as the gram-negative bacteria product lipopolysaccharide (LPS), via Toll-like receptors. Receptor activation stimulates a complex signaling network that involves, among others, the NF-κB pathway. This application note quantitates the nuclear translocation of the protein RelA, a component of the NF-κB transcription factor complex, in macrophages using image-based analysis.
Attributes of a socially responsible brand personality

In the current context where governments, companies and in general, the society are aiming to end poverty, protect the planet and guarantee that people live in peace and prosperity, the social actions undertaken by organisations have turned into an element that can influence the positive perception evoked in the public. Therefore, different studies (Becker-Olsen, Cudmore and Hill, 2006; Du, Bhattacharya and Sen, 2007; Hildebrand, Demotta, Sen and Valenzuela, 2017; Hoeffler and Keller, 2002; Madden, Roth and Dillon, 2012; Manzano, Simó and Pérez, 2013; Rivera, Bigne and CurrasPérez, 2016; Sen and Bhattacharya, 2001, among others) have focused on analysing the effects of corporate social responsibility (CSR), concluding that they might be a factor that positively modifies the perceptions of consumers about a company and its role in the society, significantly impacting the strength and value of a brand. In this line, this study analyses the communication attributes perceived as determinant traits of a socially responsible brand personality. These traits are assessed by 385 individuals from different nationalities in order to identify the associations and clusters of attributes that allow the construction of a socially responsible brand personality. The results obtained show the existence of different factors that influence the assessment of studied attributes and allow to conclude that there is a relational structure of attributes that can constitute a new dimension of brands, endowing them of a socially responsible personality that complements and enhances the values of the organisation altogether.
Recovery of Information Flows of the Unobserved Regional Economy

The existence of an unobservable economy leads to distortion of the financial results of the regional economy, which affects the quality of decisions made by regional authorities. Exploratory factor analysis allows restoring information flows of unobservable economic processes. The method consists of the fact that the factor structure of the regional economy is found based on official statistics. Then, an instrumental exploratory factor is introduced, which is associated with the functioning of the unobserved economy, and an estimate of its values is found based on an expert assumption about the level of the shadow economy and the performance of households that go for their consumption. After that, according to the values of exploratory factors, the values of the main macroeconomic indicators are restored, taking into account the unobservable regional economy. The difference between the data of official statistics and data obtained employing the factor model gives the value of the information flow of the unobserved economy.
Marginal Maximum Likelihood Regression Estimation

This document describes Marginal Maximum Likelihood (MML) estimation for student test data in the Dire package. In these models, failing to account for the measurement variance can bias the regression or variance estimates. The student test data are assumed to have been generated by an Item Response Theory (IRT) model, where students’ responses are correct or incorrect (have an increasing score) when student i has higher ability (θi) and decreasing when the item is more difficult (dj), so the probability of a correct response increases as the quantity θi − dj increases. See the appendix for the likelihood functions for various response models. This package considers a regression model of the following form (one case in Cohen & Jiang 1999): θ = Xβ + ǫ (1) where θ is a vector of student abilities, X is a matrix of covariates with unknown parameters β and residual variance ǫ. For estimation, we assume that the residual variance is normally distributed without covariance across observations (students) sharing variance of unknown level σ so that ǫ ∼ N(0, σI) (2) where N(0, σI) is the normal distribution with mean zero, and covariance σI, and I is the identity matrix. The variance estimation then allows for covariances between students (e.g., in a two-stage sample or clustered within schools). The next section describes the estimation of β and σ. The final section describes five methods for variance estimation available in MML estimation, including the traditional (consistent) method, two heteroskedasticity robust methods, and two methods appropriate to a two-stage survey sample, such as the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP).