Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sensory temporal sampling in time: an integrated model of the TSF and neural noise hypothesis as an etiological pathway for dyslexia

Much progress has been made in research on the causal mechanisms of developmental dyslexia. In recent years, the “temporal sampling” account of dyslexia has evolved considerably, with contributions from neurogenetics and novel imaging methods resulting in a much more complex etiological view of the disorder. The original temporal sampling framework implicates disrupted neural entrainment to speech as a causal factor for atypical phonological representations. Yet, empirical findings have not provided clear evidence of a low-level etiology for this endophenotype. In contrast, the neural noise hypothesis presents a theoretical view of the manifestation of dyslexia from the level of genes to behavior. However, its relative novelty (published in 2017) means that empirical research focused on specific predictions is sparse. The current paper reviews dyslexia research using a dual framework from the temporal sampling and neural noise hypotheses and discusses the complementary nature of these two views of dyslexia. We present an argument for an integrated model of sensory temporal sampling as an etiological pathway for dyslexia. Finally, we conclude with a brief discussion of outstanding questions.
Nitrogen uptake, recovery and N-use efficiency in wheat (Triticum aestivum) as influenced by nitrogen and irrigation levels in semi-reclaimed sodic soils

A 2-year field experiment was conducted with wheat (Triticum aesrivum L. emend. Fiori & Paol.) variety HD 2285 in semi-reclaimed sodic soil of Karnal, comprising 4 levels each of nitrogen and irrigation. Scheduling irrigation at 1.2 irrigation water :cumulative pan evaporation (IW :CPE) ratio was better than other irrigation schedules in terms of grain yield. With each increment of N level from 60 to 180 kglha, there was a significant increase in the grain yield as well as N uptake. Response to N of grain production at 1.2 IW :CPE ratio was significantly more than that at 0.6 and 0.9 IW : CPE ratios. The N content in shoot at spike-initiation stage was higher in irrigated than in unirrigated treatment, but reverse was true for N content in grain and straw at maturity. The N uptake through grain and straw was higher whed irrigation was given at 1.2 IW : CPE ratio. Recovery of applied N and N-use efficiency were maximum when imgation was given at 1.2 IW :CPE ratio along with 60 kg Nlha.
A imagem não pressuposta do encontro: ensaio sobre filosofia e poesia no Antropoceno

A partir dos problemas colocados ao pensamento na contemporaneidade pelas discussões acerca do Antropoceno, o ensaio propõe uma investigação sobre a possibilidade de uma nova relação da filosofia com a poesia. Para isso, a sugestão do líder indígena e pensador Ailton Krenak de manutenção de “nossas visões, nossas poéticas sobre a existência” é articulada com a filosofia da diferença de Gilles Deleuze, cujos esforços para realizar a gênese de um pensamento sem imagem pressuposta, e a sua concepção de uma natureza poética da diferença, são mobilizados na tentativa de pensar e efetuar uma relação outra da filosofia com a poesia. O texto propõe o conceito de cosmopoética para definir a condição de efetuação dessa relação, e procura exemplificar sua manifestação nas obras de Antonin Artaud e de Roberto Piva, nas quais, de maneiras distintas, e em gérmen, são constatados rastros expressivos da natureza poética e selvagem da diferença. Por fim, conjectura-se que a cosmopoética pode ser pensada no campo de uma estética do devir e, quiçá, articulada a enunciações e ações cosmopolíticas coletivas de pensadores e pensadoras que se ocupam em pensar e resistir à catástrofe socioambiental em curso.Palavras-Chave: Antropoceno; Filosofia da Diferença; Poesia; Cosmopoética.
Interannual modulation of eddy kinetic energy in the northeastern South China Sea as revealed by an eddy‐resolving OGCM

Interannual modulation of eddy kinetic energy (EKE) in the northeastern South China Sea (NE-SCS) is investigated based on outputs of an eddy-resolving oceanic general circulation model between 1980 and 2014. The EKE displays distinct interannual modulations with periods between 1.5 and 7 years. The maximum peak-to-trough amplitude of the interannual modulation occurred during period 2004–2005, which was about 1.5-fold the time-mean EKE level. Further analysis suggested that interannual variability of EKE in the NE-SCS is primarily modulated by the Luzon Strait transport (LST). During high-EKE years, the LST increases corresponding to a strengthened Kuroshio intrusion. The strengthened Kuroshio intrusion enhances the baroclinic instability of current in the NE-SCS and thus leads to a strong EKE. The reverse is true during low-EKE years when LST is smaller. Influences of ENSO and Pacific mesoscale eddies on the interannual modulation of LST are also discussed in this study.
Analyzing a fake news authorship network

This paper analyzes 246 fake news websites previously identified in three research projects. From this dataset, we extract a set of authors who have written for these sites in 2016, which we make publicly available. Applying a novel shared authorship construct, we analyze a network of fake news sites. This analysis shows a tight cluster of sites, with a trend of article reposting, wherein sites copy content from each other but preserve author bylines. We also show the most central authors, while associated with different sites, share common affiliations with a single site: Infowars.
Remote sensing techniques and GIS modeling for monitoring and assessing the littoral vegetation at Lake Constance

Submersed macrophytes are excellent bioindicators of the trophic state of a lake (SCHMIEDER 1997, LEHMANN & LACHAVANNE 1999). In large lakes, lake-wide investigations of submersed macrophytes are time consuming and expensive (ScHMIEDER & LEHMANN 2004). Consequently, there is often a low frequency of such investigations, generating a need for time saving methods o f for monitoring and assessment of lake shore vegetation. Against this background, the EFPLUS ( development of automatable remote sensing processes to effectively support planning schemes for lake shore areas) project was performed in 2002-2005 on the Lake Constance littoral zone. The first objective was to provide reliable and ecologically interpretable information on submersed and emersed macrophyte structures from automated and transferable remote sensing processes. The second objective was to aggregate this information into capable indices of water and habitat quality for decision support in planning procedures.
Analisis Pemanfaatan Keberadaan Micro Influencer dalam Strategi Media Sosial Instagram sebagai Strategi Pendekatan ke Audiens di Era Digital

This research employs a qualitative methodology with a constructivist paradigm approach to comprehend the cultural significance of social media. The study is primarily descriptive, seeking to depict how social media has emerged as the predominant platform for individuals to receive information, share content, engage in interpersonal aspects of their lives, and acquire knowledge about the surrounding world. Utilizing qualitative methods, this investigation delves into perceptions, experiences, and social constructions associated with social media usage in society. The findings offer profound insights into the role and influence of social media within the audience framework during the digital era. Drawing from the research findings on the three influencers, namely @mahesaputriadriano, @cindyosmann, and @gabrielangelica, it can be concluded that by effectively employing algorithms and strategies, social media exerts a significant impact on enhancing brand awareness, user engagement, and purchase conversions, as supported by research and studies. Keywords: influencer, mikro influencer, media sosial, public relations
Two Interglacials: Scientific Objectives and Experimental Designs for CMIP6 and PMIP4 Holocene and Last Interglacial Simulations

Abstract. Two interglacial epochs are included in the suite of paleoclimate simulations in the present phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6). Equilibrium simulations of the mid-Holocene (midHolocene, 6000 years before present) and the Last Interglacial (lig127k, 127,000 years before present) are designed to examine the impact of changes in orbital forcing at times when atmospheric greenhouse gas levels were similar to those of the preindustrial period and the continental configurations were almost identical to modern. These simulations test our understanding of the interplay between radiative forcing and atmospheric circulation, and the connections among large-scale and regional climate changes giving rise to phenomena such as land-sea contrast and high-latitude amplification in temperature changes, and responses of the monsoons, as compared to today. They also provide an opportunity, through carefully designed additional sensitivity experiments as part of the Paleoclimate Modeling Intercomparison Project (PMIP4), to quantify the strength of atmosphere, ocean, cryosphere, and land-surface feedbacks. Sensitivity experiments are proposed to investigate the role of freshwater forcing in triggering abrupt climate changes within interglacial epochs. These feedback experiments naturally lead to a focus on climate evolution during interglacial periods, which will be examined through transient experiments. Analyses of the sensitivity simulations will also focus on interactions between extratropical and tropical circulation, and the relationship between changes in mean climate state and climate variability on annual to multi-decadal timescales. The comparative abundance of paleoenvironmental data and of quantitative climate reconstructions for the Holocene and Last Interglacial make these two epochs ideal candidates for systematic evaluation of model performance, and such comparisons will shed new light on the importance of external feedbacks (e.g., vegetation, dust) and the ability of state-of-the-art models to simulate climate changes realistically.
Design methodologies for the output power maximisation of synchronous reluctance machines

Synchronous reluctance (SyR) machines can constitute a promising alternative to permanent magnet machines for low-cost applications. The recent literature reports some guidelines for choosing the proper number and position of the rotor flux barriers capable of enhancing the electromagnetic performance in low-speed applications. However, as the rotational speed increases, the electromagnetic and structural mutual interactions become relevant; therefore, an optimal design requires a proper trade-off between torque production and stress reduction, which can be difficultly predicted analytically. This work proposes an approach based on optimisation algorithms in order to find ‘non-conventional’ geometries able to improve the power density: genetic algorithms coupled to magneto-static finite elements analysis and structural analytical models, are adopted to co-design SyR machines with different numbers of stator slots and rotor barriers subjected to the same thermal constraints. This study investigates two design procedures aimed at maximising the output power of SyR machines by increasing the rotational speed. Both procedures allow determining the power limits for a given volume of active parts and a fixed amount of admissible losses; moreover, the second procedure automatically finds also the rotational speed which maximises the output power.
Rapamycin mitigates inflammation‐mediated disc matrix homeostatic imbalance by inhibiting mTORC1 and inducing autophagy through Akt activation

Abstract Background Low back pain is a global health problem that originated mainly from intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). Autophagy, negatively regulated by the phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway, prevents metabolic and degenerative diseases by removing and recycling damaged cellular components. Despite growing evidence that autophagy occurs in the intervertebral disc, the regulation of disc cellular autophagy is still poorly understood. Methods Annulus fibrosus (rAF) cell cultures derived from healthy female rabbit discs were used to test the effect of autophagy inhibition or activation on disc cell fate and matrix homeostasis. Specifically, different chemical inhibitors including rapamycin, 3‐methyladenine, MK‐2206, and PP242 were used to modulate activities of different proteins in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway to assess IL‐1β‐induced cellular senescence, apoptosis, and matrix homeostasis in rAF cells grown under nutrient‐poor culture condition. Results Rapamycin, an inhibitor of mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1), reduced the phosphorylation of mTOR and its effector p70/S6K in rAF cell cultures. Rapamycin also induced autophagic flux as measured by increased expression of key autophagy markers, including LC3 puncta number, LC3‐II expression, and cytoplasmic HMGB1 intensity and decreased p62/SQSTM1 expression. As expected, IL‐1β stimulation promoted rAF cellular senescence, apoptosis, and matrix homeostatic imbalance with enhanced aggrecanolysis and MMP‐3 and MMP‐13 expression. Rapamycin treatment effectively mitigated IL‐1β‐mediated inflammatory stress changes, but these alleviating effects of rapamycin were abrogated by chemical inhibition of Akt and mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2). Conclusions These findings suggest that rapamycin blunts adverse effects of inflammation on disc cells by inhibiting mTORC1 to induce autophagy through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway that is dependent on Akt and mTORC2 activities. Hence, our findings identify autophagy, rapamycin, and PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling as potential therapeutic targets for IDD treatment.
Historical Value Matrix of the Relics of the Sriwijaya Musi River Objects as Source Local History Learning in Palembang

In late December 2019, the global population was shocked by the discovery of the coronavirus originating in Wuhan Province, China. On February 12, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the virus highly deadly and named it coronavirus 2019. The virus rapidly spreads to various parts of the world. It is almost certain that the outbreak has affected every country, including Indonesia. The Indonesian government subsequently declared the COVID-19 outbreak a national disaster. To ensure life safety and curb the spread of COVID-19, a policy was implemented, limiting the movement and activities of people outside their homes. This decision was based on considerations from various parties, particularly health experts and scholars. This policy certainly has an impact on the economic activities of the community, including those in rural areas. Research conducted in Pakkabba Village revealed that restrictions on activities outside the home led to decreased incomes and economic challenges. However, the community’s strong optimism to make a living can overcome these difficulties. Facing COVID-19 involves adhering to health protocols and strengthening solidarity through mutual assistance to alleviate the economic burden. In addition, a religious approach (religious coping) was also carried out in fostering work spirit despite being in a COVID-19 situation. Keywords: COVID-19, religious coping, social solidarity, optimism
A Dichocarpum‐like Angiosperm from the Early Cretaceous of China

The Yixian Formation (the Early Cretaceous) of China has yielded a diverse group of early angiosperms, revealing the charm of angiosperms from the formation is far from finishing. Here we report a fossil angiosperm, Nothodichocarpum gen. et sp. nov, with physically connected female parts, male parts, branches, and leaves with pinnate reticulate venation from the Yixian Formation of Liaoning, China. In addition to the previous reports, this report underscores the diversity of angiosperms in the Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation and earlier origin of angiosperms. The morphological variations in the reproductive parts in different stages allow us to infer the development of this early angiosperm. This fossil plant demonstrates a unique character assemblage that sheds new light on the origin and evolution of carpels.
PRODUCTIVIDAD DE CULTIVARES DE TOMATE CHERRY BAJO CONDICIONES DE INVERNADERO EN EL NOROESTE DE SONORA PRODUCTIVITY OF CHERRY TOMATO CULTIVARS UNDER GREENHOUSE CONDITIONS IN NORTHWEST SONORA

A study was carried out to evaluate the productivity of seven cherry tomatoes cultivars (EZ 648, EZ 650, DRC 1163, Inbal 630, Favorita F1, Conchita and Cherubino) under greenhouse conditions. The trial was conducted over a two year period at INIFAP Experimental Station of Caborca, Sonora, Mexico. The cultivars were transplanted on October 4 in 2006 and September 19, 2007 on sandy loam texture soil, electric conductivity of 1,22 dS m -1 and pH of 7,96. Our results indicated that during February and March the higher yield were obtained with 48,4% of the total production. During 2006 not statistical diff erence was observed among cultivars and the yield varied from 11,8 to 15,0 kg m -2 , while in 2007 there were statistical diff erences (p<0,05) and the cultivars with higher yield were Conchita and EZ 648, with 20,1 and 19,2 kg
UAV data for multi-temporal Landsat analysis of historic reforestation: a case study in Costa Rica

ABSTRACT The use of the Landsat constellation to quantify historic deforestation and reforestation over time is well established. This analysis, however, requires ground-referenced data that is often inaccessible in remote areas or expensive if no existing high-resolution satellite imagery exists. In response, we evaluate the capability of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imagery to serve as ground-reference data for identifying land-cover classes in Landsat imagery. We then apply these classes to quantify 30 years of historical deforestation and reforestation of an ecological reserve in Costa Rica. While spatial and spectral disparities between the sensors limit the generalization of the approach, our results demonstrate the ability of UAV and Landsat data to inexpensively classify a reserve’s historic land cover over time and suggest an 11 year period for land cover to transition from pasture to secondary forest in lowland tropical environments.
The Management of Intracranial Aneurysms: Current Trends and Future Directions

Intracranial aneurysms represent a major global health burden. Rupture of an intracranial aneurysm is a catastrophic event. Without access to treatment, the fatality rate is 50% in the first 30 days. Over the last three decades, treatment approaches for intracranial aneurysms have changed dramatically. There have been improvements in the medical management of aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage, and there has been an evolution of treatment strategies. Endovascular therapy is now the mainstay of the treatment of ruptured intracranial aneurysms based on robust randomised controlled trial data. There is now an expansion of treatment indications for unruptured intracranial aneurysms to prevent rupture with both microsurgical clipping and endovascular treatment. Both microsurgical and endovascular treatment modalities have evolved, in particular with the introduction of innovative endovascular treatment options including flow diversion and intra-saccular flow disruption. These novel therapies allow clinicians to treat more complex and previously untreatable aneurysms. We aim to review the evolution of treatment strategies for intracranial aneurysms over time, and discuss emerging technologies that could further improve treatment safety and functional outcomes for patients with an intracranial aneurysm.
Optimization of Balanced Detector for Coherent Receiver on Generic InP Platform by Particle Swarm Optimization

The balanced photodetector (BPD) is an important component for high-speed coherent receiver. An optimization strategy of waveguide-based multi-quantum well (MQW) BPDs, operating at 1550 nm is demonstrated on a generic InP platform. Design parameters of BPD are optimized towards achieving the highest bandwidth for a responsivity through an algorithm based on Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). We do so by establishing an equivalent circuit model of BPD and analyzing its opto-electronic transfer function through numerical modelling. We address the major bottlenecks of high-speed BPDs: transit time of generated carriers and RC loading in our model. The algorithm is able to provide multiple combinations of design parameters with the same output characteristics. The design methodology to integrate laser with optimized BPD is presented to successfully implement a coherent receiver.
Major element, trace element, and isotope (Pb, Sr, and Nd) variations in Site 834 basalts: implications for the initiation of backarc opening

New major, trace element, and isotope data (Pb, Sr, and Nd) reveal an impressive compositional variation in the basalts recovered from Site 834. Major element compositions span almost the entire range observed in basalts from the modern axial systems of the Lau Basin, and variations are consistent with low-pressure fractionation of a mid-ocean-ridge-basalt (MORB)-like parent, in which Plagioclase crystallization has been somewhat suppressed. Trace element compositions deviate from MORB in all but one unit (Unit 7) and show enrichments in large-ion-lithophile elements (LILEs) relative to high-field-strength elements (HFSEs) more typically associated with island-arc magmas. The Pb-isotope ratios define linear trends that extend from the field of Pacific MORB to highly radiogenic values similar to those observed in rocks from the northernmost islands of the Tofua Arc. The Sr-isotope compositions also show significant variation, and these too project from radiogenic values back into the field for Pacific MORB. The variations in key trace element and isotopic features are consistent with magma mixing between two relatively mafic melts: one represented by Pacific MORB, and the other by a magma similar to those erupted on 'Eua when it was part of the original Tongan arc, or perhaps members of the Lau Volcanic Group (LVG). Based on our model, the most radiogenic compositions (Units 2 and 8) represent approximately 50:50 mixtures of these MORB and arc end-members. Magma mixing requires that both components are simultaneously available, and implies that melts have not shown a compositional progression from arc-like to MORB-like with extension at this locality. Rather, it is apparent that essentially pristine MORB can erupt as one of the earliest products of backarc initiation. Indeed, repetition of isotopic and trace element signatures with depth suggests that eruptions have been triggered by periodic injections of fresh MORB melts into the source regions of these magmas. The slow and almost amagmatic extension of the original arc complex envisaged to explain the observed chemistry is also consistent with the horst-and-graben topography of the western side of the Lau Basin. Given the similarities between basalts erupted at the modern Lau Basin spreading centers and MORB from the Indian Ocean, the overwhelming evidence for involvement of mantle similar to Pacific MORB in the petrogenesis of basalts from Site 834 is a new and important observation. It indicates that the original arc was underlain by asthenospheric material derived from the Pacific mantle convection cell, and that this has somehow been replaced by Indian Ocean MORB during the last -5.5 Ma.