Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Sufentanil‐Based Patient‐Controlled Analgesia Regimen in Children and Incidence of Adverse Events Following Major Congenital Structure Repairs

The aim of this study was to evaluate postoperative analgesia effectiveness and patient‐controlled analgesia (PCA)‐related adverse events. The children who received sufentanil‐based PCA following major surgery to repair congenital hip dislocation and hypospadias were divided into 3 groups: sufentanil 4 µg/kg + tramadol 10 mg/kg (ST; n = 301), sufentanil 4 µg/kg (S4; n = 211), and sufentanil 5 µg/kg (S5; n = 451). Analgesics with granisetron 0.2 mg/kg were diluted in 0.9% saline to 100 mL and infused continuously at a basal infusion rate of 1 mL/h. A total of 963 children whose average age was 4 years were investigated. The incidence of moderate to severe postoperative pain during rest was significantly lower in the S5 group (0.2%) and ST group (0.3%) compared with the S4 group (3.3%) within 72 hours after surgery (P < .05), and the incidence of moderate to severe pain during activity within 72 hours was also significantly lower in the S5 group (3.5%) compared with the other 2 groups (ST, 21.9%; S4, 33.2%; P < .001). A significant difference was identified among the 3 groups in the total number of PCA administrations, but there was no statistical difference of total usage of opioids among the 3 groups. In terms of PCA‐related adverse events, the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in the S5 group was lower compared with the ST group within 72 hours after surgery (P < .001), and there was no significant difference compared with the S4 group (P = .254). There was also no significant difference in the incidence of pruritus and dizziness among the 3 groups. Sufentanil‐based PCA can be effectively and safely used in children after major congenital structural malformation repair surgeries. The sufentanil 5 µg/kg dosage in the PCA regimen is superior to sufentanil 4 µg/kg alone or combined with tramadol in lowering moderate to severe pain.
Spatial and molecular profiling of the mononuclear phagocyte network in Classic Hodgkin lymphoma.

Classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) has a rich immune infiltrate, which is an intrinsic component of the neoplastic process. Malignant Hodgkin Reed-Sternberg cells (HRSC) create an immunosuppressive microenvironment by the expression of regulatory molecules, preventing T-cell activation. It has also been demonstrated that mononuclear phagocytes (MNPs) in the vicinity of HRSC express similar regulatory mechanisms in parallel, and their presence in tissue is associated with inferior patient outcomes. MNPs in cHL have hitherto been identified with a small number of canonical markers and are usually described as 'tumor-associated macrophages'. The organization of MNP networks and interactions with HRSC remains unexplored at high resolution. Here, we defined the global immune cell composition of cHL and non-lymphoma lymph nodes, integrating data across single-cell RNA sequencing, spatial transcriptomics, and multiplexed immunofluorescence. We observed that MNPs comprise multiple subsets of monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs). Classical monocytes, macrophages and conventional DC2 were enriched in the vicinity of HRSC, but plasmacytoid DCs and activated DCs were excluded. Unexpectedly, cDCs and monocytes expressed immunoregulatory checkpoints PD-L1, TIM-3, and the tryptophan-catabolizing protein IDO, at the same level as macrophages. Expression of these molecules increased with age. We also found that classical monocytes are important signaling hubs, potentially controlling the retention of cDC2 and ThExh via CCR1-, CCR4-, CCR5-, and CXCR3-dependent signaling. Enrichment of the cDC2-monocyte-macrophage network in diagnostic biopsies is associated with early treatment failure. These results reveal unanticipated complexity and spatial polarization within the MNP compartment, further demonstrating their potential roles in immune evasion by cHL.
Modeling lymphangiogenesis: Pairing in vitro and in vivo metrics

Lymphangiogenesis is the mechanism by which the lymphatic system develops and expands new vessels facilitating fluid drainage and immune cell trafficking. Models to study lymphangiogenesis are necessary for a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms and to identify or test new therapeutic agents that target lymphangiogenesis. Across the lymphatic literature, multiple models have been developed to study lymphangiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, lymphangiogenesis can be modeled with varying complexity, from monolayers to hydrogels to explants, with common metrics for characterizing proliferation, migration, and sprouting of lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) and vessels. In comparison, in vivo models of lymphangiogenesis often use genetically modified zebrafish and mice, with in situ mouse models in the ear, cornea, hind leg, and tail. In vivo metrics, such as activation of LECs, number of new lymphatic vessels, and sprouting, mirror those most used in vitro, with the addition of lymphatic vessel hyperplasia and drainage. The impacts of lymphangiogenesis vary by context of tissue and pathology. Therapeutic targeting of lymphangiogenesis can have paradoxical effects depending on the pathology including lymphedema, cancer, organ transplant, and inflammation. In this review, we describe and compare lymphangiogenic outcomes and metrics between in vitro and in vivo studies, specifically reviewing only those publications in which both testing formats are used. We find that in vitro studies correlate well with in vivo in wound healing and development, but not in the reproductive tract or the complex tumor microenvironment. Considerations for improving in vitro models are to increase complexity with perfusable microfluidic devices, co‐cultures with tissue‐specific support cells, the inclusion of fluid flow, and pairing in vitro models of differing complexities. We believe that these changes would strengthen the correlation between in vitro and in vivo outcomes, giving more insight into lymphangiogenesis in healthy and pathological states.
Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Direct Oral Anticoagulants and Warfarin in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Chronic Liver Disease: A Nationwide Cohort Study

Background: The benefit-risk profile of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) compared with warfarin, and between DOACs in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and chronic liver disease is unclear. Methods: We conducted a new-user, retrospective cohort study of patients with AF and chronic liver disease who were enrolled in a large, US-based administrative database between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2017. We assessed the effectiveness and safety of DOACs (as a class and individually) compared with warfarin, and between DOACs in patients with AF and chronic liver disease. The primary outcomes were hospitalization for ischemic stroke/systemic embolism and hospitalization for major bleeding. Inverse probability treatment weights were used to balance the treatment groups on measured confounders. Results: Overall, 10 209 participants were included, with 4421 (43.2%) on warfarin, 2721 (26.7%) apixaban, 2211 (21.7%) rivaroxaban, and 851 (8.3%) dabigatran. The incidence rates per 100 person-years for ischemic stroke/systemic embolism were 2.2, 1.4, 2.6, and 4.4 for DOACs as a class, apixaban, rivaroxaban, and warfarin, respectively. The incidence rates per 100 person-years for major bleeding were 7.9, 6.5, 9.1, and 15.0 for DOACs as a class, apixaban, rivaroxaban, and warfarin, respectively. After inverse probability treatment weights, the risk of hospitalization for ischemic stroke/systemic embolism was significantly lower between DOACs as a class (hazard ratio [HR], 0.64 [95% CI, 0.46–0.90]) or apixaban (HR, 0.40 [95% CI, 0.19–0.82]) compared with warfarin, but not significantly different between rivaroxaban versus warfarin (HR, 0.76 [95% CI, 0.47–1.21]) or rivaroxaban versus apixaban (HR, 1.73 [95% CI, 0.91–3.29]). Compared with warfarin, the risk of hospitalization for major bleeding was lower with DOACs as a class (HR, 0.69 [95% CI, 0.58–0.82]), apixaban (HR, 0.60 [95% CI, 0.46–0.78]), and rivaroxaban (HR, 0.79 [95% CI, 0.62–1.0]). However, the risk of hospitalization for major bleeding was higher for rivaroxaban versus apixaban (HR, 1.59 [95% CI, 1.18–2.14]). Conclusions: Among patients with AF and chronic liver disease, DOACs as a class were associated with lower risks of hospitalization for ischemic stroke/systemic embolism and major bleeding versus warfarin. However, the incidence of clinical outcomes among patients with AF and chronic liver disease varied between individual DOACs and warfarin, and in head-to-head DOAC comparisons.
Greater Aortic Perivascular Adipose Tissue Density is Associated with Aging, Aortic Stiffness and Central Blood Pressure in Humans.

Aging results in aortic perivascular adipose tissue (aPVAT) mediated aortic stiffening in preclinical animal models to promote cardiovascular dysfunction. We hypothesized greater human aPVAT density will be associated with aging, higher aortic stiffness and blood pressure (BP). Fourteen apparently healthy adults (6M/8F, age range 20-79 y) were recruited for this study. Aortic stiffness, assessed by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), resting aortic BP via pulse wave analysis and aPVAT and abdominal visceral adipose tissue (VAT) density by computed tomography attenuation were acquired. aPVAT and epididymal (visceral) fat from young (4-6 mo) and old (27-29 mo) mice were used for ex vivo conditioned media intrinsic mechanical stiffness experiments. Compared with young, older adults had higher cfPWV (8.6±0.4 vs 6.2±0.6 m/s, p<0.05) and greater aPVAT attenuation (-80.2±2.0 vs -95.9±1.5 HU, p<0.05), but not VAT attenuation (p>0.05). aPVAT conditioned media from old compared with young mice increased intrinsic mechanical stiffness of the aorta (4519±510 vs. 2325±563 kPa, p<0.05) which was not observed with epididymal fat conditioned media from old (p>0.05). aPVAT but not VAT density was positively associated with age (r=0.89), cfPWV (r=0.56), resting AIxHR75 (r=0.67), aortic systolic BP (r=0.58) and aortic pulse pressure (PP) (r=0.59) (p<0.05, all) and were independent of VAT density (p<0.05, all). These data herein provide evidence for aPVAT as a novel fat depot and therapeutic target to lower aortic stiffness and future CVD risk with aging in humans.
Historical trends in reporting effect sizes in clinical neuropsychology journals: A call to venture beyond the results section

Abstract Objective: For decades, quantitative psychologists have recommended that authors report effect sizes to convey the magnitude and potential clinical relevance of statistical associations. However, fewer than one-third of neuropsychology articles published in the early 2000s reported effect sizes. This study re-examines the frequency and extent of effect size reporting in neuropsychology journal articles by manuscript section and over time. Methods: A sample of 326 empirical articles were drawn from 36 randomly selected issues of six neuropsychology journals at 5-year intervals between 1995 and 2020. Four raters used a novel, reliable coding system to quantify the extent to which effect sizes were included in the major sections of all 326 articles. Results: Findings showed medium-to-large increases in effect size reporting in the Methods and Results sections of neuropsychology journal articles that plateaued in recent years; however, there were only very small and nonsignificant changes in effect size reporting in the Abstract, Introduction, and Discussion sections. Conclusions: Authors in neuropsychology journals have markedly improved their effect size reporting in the core Methods and Results sections, but are still unlikely to consider these valuable metrics when motivating their study hypotheses and interpreting the conceptual and clinical implications of their findings. Recommendations are provided to encourage more widespread integration of effect sizes in neuropsychological research.
Population pharmacokinetic dosimetry model using imaging data to assess variability in pharmacokinetics of 177Lu‐PSMA‐617 in prostate cancer patients

Studies to evaluate and optimize [177Lu]Lu‐PSMA treatment focus primarily on individual patient data. A population pharmacokinetic (PK) dosimetry model was developed to explore the potential of using imaging data as input for population PK models and to characterize variability in organ and tumor uptake of [177Lu]Lu‐PSMA‐617 in patients with low volume metastatic prostate cancer. Simulations were performed to identify the effect of dose adjustments on absorbed doses in salivary glands and tumors. A six‐compartment population PK model was developed, consisting of blood, salivary gland, kidneys, liver, tumor, and a lumped compartment representing other tissue (compartment 1–6, respectively), based on data from 10 patients who received [177Lu]Lu‐PSMA‐617 (2 cycles, ~ 3 and ~ 6 GBq). Data consisted of radioactivity levels (decay corrected) in blood and tissues (9 blood samples and 5 single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography scans). Observations in all compartments were adequately captured by individual model predictions. Uptake into salivary glands was saturable with an estimated maximum binding capacity (Bmax) of 40.4 MBq (relative standard error 12.3%) with interindividual variability (IIV) of 59.3% (percent coefficient of variation [CV%]). IIV on other PK parameters was relatively minor. Tumor volume was included as a structural effect on the tumor uptake rate constant (k15), where a two‐fold increase in tumor volume resulted in a 1.63‐fold increase in k15. In addition, interoccasion variability on k15 improved the model fit (43.5% [CV%]). Simulations showed a reduced absorbed dose per unit administered activity for salivary glands after increasing radioactivity dosing from 3 to 6 GBq (0.685 Gy/GBq vs. 0.421 Gy/GBq, respectively). All in all, population PK modeling could help to improve future radioligand therapy research.
Testing the social mindfulness paradigm: Longitudinal evidence of its unidimensionality, reliability, validity, and replicability in a sample of health care providers

Objectives Social mindfulness is a relatively new concept in psychological research and is attracting increasing attention. Recent studies have provided evidence of its relevance with regard to prosocial behavior and empathy, but also concerning individual well-being and psychological health. In such studies, social mindfulness has been assessed using the social mindfulness paradigm by Van Doesum and colleagues, which is the standard measure of social mindfulness to date. However, evidence is scarce or lacking with regard to whether this measurement approach is unidimensional, whether it produces (test-retest) reliable and valid measurements, and whether its associations with personality and empathy are replicable. Methods To test these assumptions, we assessed a sample of 265 participants currently working in health care professions on social mindfulness, several concepts of empathy, and the HEXACO personality dimensions longitudinally at two measurement occasions. Results The results supported the assumption of unidimensionality of the measure. Partial support was found for its reliability, validity, and replicability. Test-retest reliability was acceptable, but the associations with personality and empathy turned out weaker than expected. Conclusions The social mindfulness paradigm is an interesting approach toward understanding social mindfulness, meaning mindfulness of other people’s needs. Potential directions for the further development of the social mindfulness paradigm and its network of relations, especially to empathy, are discussed.
Maternal fish consumption and child neurodevelopment in Nutrition 1 Cohort: Seychelles Child Development Study

Abstract Maternal fish consumption exposes the fetus to beneficial nutrients and potentially adverse neurotoxicants. The current study investigated associations between maternal fish consumption and child neurodevelopmental outcomes. Maternal fish consumption was assessed in the Seychelles Child Development Study Nutrition Cohort 1 (n 229) using 4-day food diaries. Neurodevelopment was evaluated at 9 and 30 months, and 5 and 9 years with test batteries assessing twenty-six endpoints and covering multiple neurodevelopmental domains. Analyses used multiple linear regression with adjustment for covariates known to influence child neurodevelopment. This cohort consumed an average of 8 fish meals/week and the total fish intake during pregnancy was 106·8 (sd 61·9) g/d. Among the twenty-six endpoints evaluated in the primary analysis there was one beneficial association. Children whose mothers consumed larger quantities of fish performed marginally better on the Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test (a test of nonverbal intelligence) at age 5 years (β 0·003, 95 % CI (0, 0·005)). A secondary analysis dividing fish consumption into tertiles found no significant associations when comparing the highest and lowest consumption groups. In this cohort, where fish consumption is substantially higher than current global recommendations, maternal fish consumption during pregnancy was not beneficially or adversely associated with children’s neurodevelopmental outcomes.
Tidal generation of active spirals and S0 galaxies by rich clusters

Gavazzi and Jaffe found that late-type spiral galaxies in rich clusters are radio sources 10 times more powerful than spirals outside clusters. Gavazzi and Jaffe propose that ram pressure from the cluster medium causes collapse of dense molecular clouds, star formation, and other activity in the spirals disks. Bothun and Dressler similarly explain blue H I poor disk galaxies found in the central regions of the Coma Cluster via ram pressure effects. With computer simulations, it is shown in the present work that the tidal field of the cluster as a whole is physically sufficient to trigger cluster spiral nuclear and disk activity. It is shown that tidally induced collisions of disk gas clouds should be much more effective than ram pressure in causing activity. The observed tendency for disk galaxies in centers of rich clusters to be barred and S0 is explained as due to the cluster tidal field. Metals in the cluster medium would be enhanced by the expulsion of spirals enriched gas via tidally induced activity. 36 refs.
The intrinsic magnetic moment of elementary particles

In a purely nonrelativistic formulation, a Hamiltonian is obtained for the description of states of a charged particle with spin, interacting with an external electromagnetic field. For the specific cases of spin‐1/2 and spin‐1, the simplest choices for the Hamiltonian functions lead to a value for the (lowest order) intrinsic magnetic moment equal to the Bohr magneton in both cases. This is the same as is obtained in treatments that start from a relativistic formulation, as in the Dirac theory. The nonrelativistic and relativistic formulations both employ the ‘‘minimal coupling principle,’’ but the resulting Hamiltonians with couplings are, for very general considerations, not completely determined. However, the corresponding ambiguity that occurs in the nonrelativistic theory is also present in the relativistic formulation. The simpler nonrelativistic theory is more transparent in exhibiting these features of the problem and dispels the notion that spin (and the associated magnetic moment) require relat.
Neurovascular Development in Pten and Tsc2 Mouse Mutants

Abstract Hyperactivation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway is linked to more than a dozen neurologic diseases, causing a range of pathologies, including excess neuronal growth, disrupted neuronal migration, cortical dysplasia, epilepsy and autism. The mTOR pathway also regulates angiogenesis. For the present study, therefore, we queried whether loss of Pten or Tsc2, both mTOR negative regulators, alters brain vasculature in three mouse models: one with Pten loss restricted to hippocampal dentate granule cells [DGC-Pten knock-outs (KOs)], a second with widespread Pten loss from excitatory forebrain neurons (FB-Pten KOs) and a third with focal loss of Tsc2 from cortical excitatory neurons (f-Tsc2 KOs). Total hippocampal vessel length and volume per dentate gyrus were dramatically increased in DGC-Pten knock-outs. DGC-Pten knock-outs had larger dentate gyri overall, however, and when normalized to these larger structures, vessel density was preserved. In addition, tests of blood-brain barrier integrity did not reveal increased permeability. FB-Pten KOs recapitulated the findings in the more restricted DGC-Pten KOs, with increased vessel area, but preserved vessel density. FB-Pten KOs did, however, exhibit elevated levels of the angiogenic factor VegfA. In contrast to findings with Pten, focal loss of Tsc2 from cortical excitatory neurons produced a localized increase in vessel density. Together, these studies demonstrate that hypervascularization is not a consistent feature of mTOR hyperactivation models and suggest that loss of different mTOR pathway regulatory genes exert distinct effects on angiogenesis.
Littlest Higgs Model and Higgs Boson Associated Production with Top Quark Pair at High Energy Linear e+e− Collider

In the parameter space allowed by the electroweak precision measurement data, we consider the contributions of the new particles predicted by the littlest Higgs model to the Higgs boson associated production with top quark pair in the future high energy linear e+e− collider (ILC). We find that the contributions mainly come from the new gauge bosons ZH and BH. For reasonable values of the free parameters, the absolute value of the relative correction parameter δσ/σSM can be significanly large, which might be observed in the future ILC experiment with (S)1/2 = 800 GeV.
The involvement of EGR1 in neuron apoptosis in the in vitro model of spinal cord injury via BTG2 up-regulation

ABSTRACT Objective EGR1 has been implicated in the progression of spinal cord injury (SCI). Nevertheless, its specific mechanism in SCI remains to be investigated. Hence, this study explored the potential mechanism of EGR1 in SCI by focusing on neuron apoptosis. Methods H2O2 was utilized to treat rat neurons-dorsal spinal cord (RN-dsc) for the construction of an in vitro model of SCI. Afterwards, cell survival, apoptosis, and LDH leakage were detected to evaluate the injury degree of H2O2-treated RN-dsc. The expression of apoptosis-related proteins was also measured. Additionally, EGR1 was silenced and/or BTG2 was overexpressed in RN-dsc before H2O2 treatment to assess the impacts of EGR1 and BTG2 on H2O2-induced RN-dsc. Jasper online website was utilized to predict binding sites of EGR1 on BTG2, and dual-luciferase reporter gene and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays were utilized to verify the binding between EGR1 and BTG2. Results H2O2 treatment suppressed survival and promoted apoptosis in RN-dsc, accompanied by upregulated LDH, Bax, and cleaved-caspase-3 and down-regulated Bcl-2. Moreover, EGR1 and BTG2 were up-regulated in H2O2-induced RN-dsc. Mechanistically, EGR1 was bound to the promoter of BTG2 to transcriptionally activate BTG2. EGR1 knockdown diminished apoptosis and LDH, Bax, and cleaved-caspase-3 levels while elevating survival and Bcl-2 levels in H2O2-induced RN-dsc. These effects of EGR1 knockdown were abrogated by further BTG2 overexpression. Discussion Conclusively, EGR1 promotes H2O2-induced apoptosis in RN-dsc by activating BTG2 transcription.
Performance of two French BERT models for French language on verbatim transcripts and online posts

Pre-trained models based on the Transformer architecture have achieved notable performances in various language processing tasks. This article presents a comparison of two pre-trained versions for French in a three-class classification task. The datasets used are of two types: a set of annotated verbatim transcripts from face-to-face interviews conducted during a market study and a set of online posts extracted from a community platform. Little work has been done in these two areas with transcribed oral corpora and online posts in French.