Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An experimental investigation of Neumann's conjecture

We use a large census of hyperbolic 3-manifolds to experimentally investigate a conjecture of Neumann regarding the Bloch Group. We present an augmented census including, for feasible invariant trace fields, explicit manifolds (associated to that field) that appear to generate the Bloch group of that field. We also make use of Ptolemy coordinates to compute "exotic volumes" of representations, and attempt to realize these volumes as linear combinations of generator volumes. We thus present a large body of empirical support for Neumann's conjecture.
Thermo-Mechanics and Microstructure Evolution in Manufacturing Simulations

Thermal stresses and deformations are present and important for many manufacturing processes. Their effect depends strongly on the material behavior. The finite element method has been applied successfully for manufacturing simulations. There are numerical challenges in some cases due to large deformations, strong non-linearities etc. However, the most challenging aspect is the modeling of the material behavior. This requires in many cases coupled constitutive and microstructure models.
A 64 single photon avalanche diode array in 0.18 µm CMOS standard technology with versatile quenching circuit for quick prototyping

Several works have demonstrated the successfully integration of Single-photon avalanche photodiodes (SPADs) operating in Geiger mode in a standard CMOS circuit for the last 10 years. These devices offer an exceptional temporal resolution as well as a very good optical sensitivity. Nevertheless, it is difficult to predict the expected performances of such a device. Indeed, for a similar structure of SPAD, some parameter values can differ by two orders of magnitude from a technology to another. We proposed here a procedure to identify in just one or two runs the optimal structure of SPAD available for a given technology. A circuit with an array of 64 SPAD has been realized in the Tower-Jazz 0.18 μm CMOS image sensor process. It encompasses an array of 8 different structures of SPAD reproduced in 8 diameters in the range from 5 μm up to 40 μm. According to the SPAD structures, efficient shallow trench insulator and/or P-Well guard ring are used for preventing edge breakdown. Low dark count rate of about 100 Hz are expected thanks to the use of buried n-well layer and a high resistivity substrate. Each photodiode is embedded in a pixel which includes a versatile quenching circuitry and an analog output of its cathode voltage. The quenching system is configurable in four operation modes; the SPAD is disabled, the quenching is completely passive, the reset of the photodiode is active and the quenching is fully active. The architecture of the array makes possible the characterization of every single photodiode individually. The parameters to be measured for a SPAD are the breakdown avalanche voltage, the dark count rate, the dead time, the timing jitter, the photon detection probability and the after-pulsing rate.
Hall's Condition for Partial Latin Squares

Hall's Condition is a necessary condition for a partial latin square to be completable. Hilton and Johnson showed that for a partial latin square whose filled cells form a rectangle, Hall's Condition is equivalent to Ryser's Condition, which is a necessary and sufficient condition for completability. We give what could be regarded as an extension of Ryser's Theorem, by showing that for a partial latin square whose filled cells form a rectangle, where there is at most one empty cell in each column of the rectangle, Hall's Condition is a necessary and sufficient condition for completability. It is well-known that the problem of deciding whether a partial latin square is completable is NP-complete. We show that the problem of deciding whether a partial latin square that is promised to satisfy Hall's Condition is completable is NP-hard.
Variation of mixed Hodge structures and the positivity for algebraic fiber spaces

These are the lecture notes based on earlier papers with some additional new results. New and simple proofs are given for local freeness theorem and the semipositivity theorem. A decomposition theorem for higher direct images of dualizing sheaves of Koll\'ar is extended to the sheaves of differential forms of arbitrary degrees in the case of a well prepared birational model. We will also prove the log versions of some of the results, i.e., the case where we allow horizontal boundary components.
Filtrations of Totally Reflexive Modules

In this paper, we will introduce a subcategory of totally reflexive modules that have a saturated filtration by other totally reflexive modules. We will prove these are precisely the totally reflexive modules with an upper-triangular presentation matrix. We conclude with an investigation of the ranks of $\operatorname{Ext}^1$ of two such modules over a specific ring.
Efficient dynamical nuclear polarization in quantum dots: Temperature dependence

Laboratoire de Photonique et Nanostructures, route de Nozay, 91460 Marcoussis, France(Dated: February 1, 2008)We investigate in micro-photoluminescence experiments the dynamical nuclear polarization inindividual InGaAs quantum dots. Experiments carried out in an applied magnetic ﬁeld of 2T showthat the nuclear polarization achieved through the optical pumping of electron spins is increasingwith the sample temperature between 2K and 55K, reaching a maximum of about 50%. Analysingthe dependence of the Overhauser shift on the spin polarization of the optically injected electron asa function of temperature enables us to identify the main reasons for this increase.
On the rate of convergence of weak Euler approximation for non-degenerate SDEs

The paper estimates the rate of convergence of the weak Euler approximation for the solutions of SDEs with Hoelder continuous coefficients driven by point and martingale measures. The equation considered has a non-degenerate main part whose jump intensity measure is absolutely continuous with respect to the Levy measure of a spherically-symmetric stable process. It includes the nondegenerate diffusions and SDEs driven by Levy processes.
A Polarimetric Survey of CSS Sources at 22 GHz with the VLA

We discuss the preliminary results from radio polarization observations of 22 compact steep spectrum sources made with the VLA at 1.3 cm wavelength. We confirm that 1) the detection of a flat-spectrum synchrotron halo and a radio bridge in two CSSs, suggesting that they may be young sources, 2) CSS galaxies with two lobes of emission asymmetric to the core position show strong polarization asymmetry with the highest polarized emission arising from the component farther away from the core and 3) Source components which are nearest to the cores are generally unpolarized even at such short wavelength, suggesting that the spread in the λ 2 polarization spectra is much narrower than in extended sources.
Trigonometric Sutherland systems and their Ruijsenaars duals from symplectic reduction

Beside its usual interpretation as a system of n indistinguishable particles moving on the circle, the trigonometric Sutherland system can be viewed alternatively as a system of distinguishable particles on the circle or on the line, and these three physically distinct systems are in duality with corresponding variants of the rational Ruijsenaars–Schneider system. We explain that the three duality relations, first obtained by Ruijsenaars in 1995, arise naturally from the Kazhdan–Kostant–Sternberg symplectic reductions of the cotangent bundles of the group U(n) and its covering groups U(1)×SU(n) and R×SU(n), respectively. This geometric interpretation enhances our understanding of the duality relations and simplifies Ruijsenaars’ original direct arguments that led to their discovery.
Legendrian rational unknots in lens spaces

We classify Legendrian rational unknots with tight complements in the lens spaces L(p,1) up to coarse equivalence. As an example of the general case, this classification is also worked out for L(5,2). The knots are described explicitly in a contact surgery diagram of the corresponding lens space.
Differential K-characters and D-branes

Starting from the definition of Cheeger-Simons K-character, we show how to describe D-brane world-volumes, the Wess-Zumino action and topological D-brane charges within the K-theoretical framework in type II superstring theory. We stress in particular how each feature of the old cohomological classification can be reproduced using the K-theoretical language.
Field equations or conservation laws

We explicate some epistemological implications of stationary principles and in particular of Noether Theorems. Noether’s contribution to the problem of covariance, in fact, is epistemologically relevant, since it moves the attention from equations to conservation laws. 2010 MSC: 00A30; 01A60; 49S05
When A Robot Is Your Teammate Cohesive Alliances With Social Robots In Multi-party Settings

Creating eﬀective teamwork between humans and robots involves not only addressing their performance as a team but also sustaining the quality and sense of unity among teammates, also known as cohesion. This paper explores the research problem of: how can we endow robotic teammates with social capabilities to improve the cohesive alliance with humans? By deﬁning the concept of a human-robot cohesive alliance in the light of the multidimensional construct of cohesion from the social sciences, we propose to address this problem through the idea of multifaceted human-robot cohesion. We present our preliminary eﬀort from previous works to examine each of the ﬁve dimensions of cohesion: social, collective, emotional, structural and task. We ﬁnish the paper with a discussion on how human-robot cohesion contributes to the key questions and ongoing challenges of creating robotic teammates. Overall, cohesion in human-robot teams might be a key factor to propel team performance and it should be considered in the design, development and evaluation of robotic teammates.
Classification of modules over laterally complete regular algebras

Let $\mathcal{A}$ be a laterally complete commutative regular algebra and $X$ be a laterally complete $\mathcal{A}$-module. In this paper we introduce a notion of passport $\Gamma(X)$ for $X$, which consist of uniquely defined partition of unity in the Boolean algebra of idempotents in $\mathcal{A}$ and the set of pairwise different cardinal numbers. It is proved that $\mathcal{A}$-modules $X$ and $Y$ are isomorphic if and only if $\Gamma(X) = \Gamma(Y)$.
Bayesian detection and estimation of regularity in soft tissue organs

This paper deals with a method of detecting and estimating the scatterer spacing between the regularly spaced resolvable coherent scatterers in tissue. Scatterer spacing has been successfully used in classifying tissue structure, in differentiating between normal and cirrhotic liver, and in detecting diffuse liver disease. This paper presents a Wold decomposition of the radio frequency (RF) field into its diffused and coherent components from which maximum likelihood estimates (MLE) or minimum mean square error (MMSE) estimates of the scattering spacing are easily computed. The paper also presents an unbiased decision rule to detect whether or not an RF echo exhibits any specular scattering relative to the wavelength of the interrogating ultrasonic pulse. The approach has been tried on simulations as well as on in vivo scans of liver data and appears to perform well.
Q.H.I. spaces

A Banach space $X$ is said to be Q.H.I. if eve\-ry infinite dimensional quo\-tient spa\-ce of $X$ is H.I. : that is, a space is Q.H.I. if the H.I. property is not only stable passing to subspaces, but also passing to quotients and to the dual. We show that Gowers-Maurey's space is Q.H.I. ; then we provide an example of a reflexive H.I. space ${\cal X}$ whose dual is not H.I. , from which it follows that $\cal X$ is not Q.H.I.
Phase space geometry and chaotic attractors in dissipative Nambu mechanics

Following the Nambu mechanics framework, we demonstrate that the non-dissipative part of the Lorenz system can be generated by the intersection of two quadratic surfaces that form a doublet under the group . All manifolds are classified into four distinct classes: parabolic, elliptical, cylindrical and hyperbolic. The Lorenz attractor is localized by a specific infinite set of one-parameter family of these surfaces. The different classes correspond to different physical systems. The Lorenz system is identified as a charged rigid body in a uniform magnetic field with external torque and this system is generalized to give new strange attractors.
COI metabarcoding of large benthic Foraminifera: Method validation for application in ecological studies

Abstract Monitoring community composition of Foraminifera (single‐celled marine protists) provides valuable insights into environmental conditions in marine ecosystems. Despite the efficiency of environmental DNA (eDNA) and bulk‐sample DNA (bulk‐DNA) metabarcoding to assess the presence of multiple taxa, this has not been straightforward for Foraminifera partially due to the high genetic variability in widely used ribosomal markers. Here, we test the correctness in retrieving foraminiferal communities by metabarcoding of mock communities, bulk‐DNA from coral reef sediment samples, and eDNA from their associated ethanol preservative using the recently sequenced cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) marker. To assess the detection success, we compared our results with large benthic foraminiferal communities previously reported from the same sampling sites. Results from our mock communities demonstrate that all species were detected in two mock communities and all but one in the remaining four. Technical replicates were highly similar in number of reads for each assigned ASV in both the mock communities and bulk‐DNA samples. Bulk‐DNA showed a significantly higher species richness than their associated eDNA samples, and also detected additional species to what was already reported at the specific sites. Our study confirms that metabarcoding using the foraminiferal COI marker adequately retrieves the diversity and community composition of both the mock communities and the bulk‐DNA samples. With its decreased variability compared with the commonly used nuclear 18 S rRNA, the COI marker renders bulk‐DNA metabarcoding a powerful tool to assess foraminiferal community composition under the condition that the reference database is adequate to the target taxa.
Random Matrices and Matrix Completion

The aim of this note (as well as of the course itself) is to give a largely self-contained proof of two of the main results in the field of low-rank matrix recovery. This field aims for identification of low-rank matrices from only limited linear information exploiting in a crucial way their very special structure. As a crucial tool we develop also the basic statements of the theory of random matrices. The notes are based on a number of sources, which appeared in the last few years. As we give only the minimal amount of the subject needed for the application in mind, the reader is invited to study this further reading in detail.
Almost Gentle Algebras and their Trivial Extensions

Abstract In this paper we define almost gentle algebras, which are monomial special multiserial algebras generalizing gentle algebras. We show that the trivial extension of an almost gentle algebra by its minimal injective co-generator is a symmetric special multiserial algebra and hence a Brauer configuration algebra. Conversely, we show that any almost gentle algebra is an admissible cut of a unique Brauer configuration algebra and, as a consequence, we obtain that every Brauer configuration algebra with multiplicity function identically one is the trivial extension of an almost gentle algebra. We show that a hypergraph is associated with every almost gentle algebra A, and that this hypergraph induces the Brauer configuration of the trivial extension of A. Among other things, this gives a combinatorial criterion to decide when two almost gentle algebras have isomorphic trivial extensions.
Vaginosonography versus MRI in Pre-Treatment Evaluation of Early-Stage Cervical Cancer: An Old Tool for a New Precision Approach?

This study aims to analyze the sensitivity of vaginosonography (VGS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the preoperative local evaluation of early-stage cervical cancers and to assess their accuracy in the detection of tumors, size of the lesions and stromal invasion by comparing them with the final histopathology report. This single-center study included 56 consecutive patients with cervical cancer who underwent VGS and MRI from November 2012 to January 2021. VGS significantly overestimated the lesion size by 2.7 mm (p = 0.002), and MRI underestimated it by 1.9 mm (p = 0.11). Both MRI and VGS had a good concordance with the pathology report (Cohen’s kappa of 0.73 and 0.81, respectively). However, MRI had a false-negative rate (38.1%) that was greater than VGS (0%) in cases of cervical tumor size <2 cm. We found a good concordance between histology and VGS in the stromal infiltration assessment, with 89% sensitivity (95% CI 0.44–0.83) and 89% specificity (95% CI 0.52–0.86). VGS is a simple, inexpensive, widely available, and fast execution method that can complement ultrasound in particular cases and show a good correlation with MRI in the assessment of tumor dimensions, with a better performance in detecting small tumors (<2 cm).
FUNDAMENTAL FREQUENCY OF CRACKED BEAMS IN BENDING VIBRATIONS: AN ANALYTICAL APPROACH

Abstract This paper presents an analytical approach to the fundamental frequency of cracked Euler–Bernoulli beams in bending vibrations. The flexibility influence function method used to solve the problem leads to an eigenvalue problem formulated in integral form. The influence of the crack was represented by an elastic rotational spring connecting the two segments of the beam at the cracked section. In solving the problem, closed-form expressions for the approximated values of the fundamental frequency of cracked Euler–Bernoulli beams in bending vibrations are reached. The results obtained agree with those numerically obtained by the finite element method.
Enumeration of Standard Young Tableaux

Question 1.1. What is the total number of resulting configurations? How many configurations are there of any particular shape? In order to answer these questions, at least partially, recall the symmetric group Sn of all permutations of the numbers 1, . , n. An involution is a permutation π ∈ Sn such that π is the identity permutation. Theorem 1.2. The total number of configurations of n balls is equal to the number of involutions in the symmetric group Sn. Theorem 1.2 may be traced back to Frobenius and Schur. A combinatorial proof will be outlined in Section 4 (see Corollary 4.12). Example 1.3. There are four configurations on three balls. Indeed, {π ∈ S3 : π = 1} = {123, 132, 213, 321}.
Origin and orbital distribution of the trans‐Neptunian scattered disc

We revisit the scenario proposed by Duncan and Levison in the late 1990s on the origin of the trans-Neptunian scattered disc. According to this scenario, the current scattered disc population is the remnant of a much more massive population that formed at the beginning of the Solar system, presumably when Neptune grew in mass. In order to compute the expected orbital distribution of the scattered disc bodies in the framework of this model, we have integrated the evolution of several thousands of test particles over the age of the Solar system, and looked at the orbital distribution of those surviving after more than 2 x 10 9 yr from their first scattering event. In order to compare this model distribution with the observed distribution, we have modelled the observational biases by generalizing a method originally introduced recently by Trujillo and Brown. Once the biases are taken into account, the model distribution matches the observed distribution fairly well. The most significant discrepancy is that the observed perihelion distance distribution is somewhat skewed towards larger perihelion distances than our model predicts. This is possibly due to the effects of planet migration (which tends to raise perihelion distances as recently shown by Gomes), which is not taken into account in our simulations.
Quantum stochastic approach to the description of quantum measurements

In the present paper we consider the problem of the description of an arbitrary generalized quantum measurement with outcomes in a measurable space. Analysing the unitary invariants of a separable statistical realization of a quantum instrument, we present the most general form of a possible integral representation of an instrument. We introduce the notion of a stochastic realization of an instrument and establish a one-to-one correspondence between the class of unitarily and phase equivalent separable statistical realizations and the equivalence class of stochastic realizations of an instrument. We further single out the invariant class of unitarily and phase equivalent separable statistical realizations for which the integral representation of an instrument is the same for all statistical realizations from this class and is wholly determined by the invariants of this class. We call the special form of this integral representation the quantum stochastic representation of an instrument. We show that the description of a generalized direct quantum measurement can be considered in the frame of a new general approach based on the notion of a family of quantum stochastic evolution operators satisfying the orthonormality relation. This approach gives not only the complete statistical description of any generalized direct quantum measurement but the complete description in a Hilbert space of the stochastic behaviour of a quantum system under a generalized direct measurement in the sense of specifying the probabilistic transition law governing the change from the initial state to a final one under a single measurement. Under this approach a unitary evolution of an isolated quantum system is included as a special case. In the frame of the proposed approach, which we call quantum stochastic approach, all possible schemes of measurements upon a quantum system can be considered. In the case of repeated or continuous in time measurements the quantum stochastic approach allows to define, in the most general case, the notion of the family of posterior pure state trajectories (quantum trajectories in discrete or continuous time) in the Hilbert space of a quantum system and to give their probabilistic treatment.
Deterministic Homogenization of Unsteady Navier-Stokes type Equations

In this paper we study the deterministic homogenization problems for unsteady Navier-Stokes type equations, on one hand in an open set {\Omega} of R^{N}, on the other hand in porous media {\Omega}^{\epsilon}. In the second case, the equations are classical unsteady Navier-Stokes one, and the porous media are periodic
Effect of Composition on the Physical Properties at Nanoscale of PZT Thin Films

PbZr1−xTixO3 (PZT) thin films (x = 0.46, 0.47, 0.48, 0.49, and 0.50) were deposited on Pt/TiO2/SiO2/Si substrates using a polymeric chemical method to study the effects of the composition on the macroscopic electrical and local piezoelectric properties. Both measurements demonstrate the existence of a self-polarization effect in all studied PZT films. The measurements were discussed in terms of the contribution of the Schottky barriers to the self-polarization effect. It is shown that both Schottky barrier effect and mechanical coupling near the film-substrate interface are not the dominant mechanisms responsible for the observed phenomena.