Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design of Reversible Fault Tolerant Programmable Logic Arrays with Vector Orientation

In recent years, reversible logic has emerged as a promising computing paradigm having application in low power CMOS, quantum computing and error detecting. Reversible computing dissipates zero energy in terms of information loss and also it can detect error of circuit by keeping unique input-output mapping. In this paper, we have proposed a regular structure of Reversible Fault Tolerant Programmable Logic Arrays (RFTPLAs) and corresponding algorithms for construction of RFTPLAs. Proposed algorithms can realize ESOP (Exclusive Sum-of-Products) operations in terms of multi-output functions by using minimum numbers of gates, garbage bits and quantum costs. In our design the novel properties of FRG (Fredkin Gate) and F2G (Feynman Double Gate) gates are used for the realization of proposed designs. Finally, we compare the proposed design with existing RPLA.
Comparison of Characteristics of Micro-Earthquakes Observed During Hydraulic Stimulation Operations in Ogachi, Hijiori and Cooper Basin HDR Projects

In Hot Dry Rock (HDR) or Hot Fractured Rock (HFR) geothermal energy development, micro-earthquake events were observed to evaluate the location and size of fracture distribution of artificially created reservoirs during hydraulic stimulation operations. Many micro-earthquake events were observed during hydraulic stimulation operations from depths of around 1,000 m to 4,200 m at three different sites: Ogachi and Hijiori in Japan and Cooper Basin in Australia. Comparison of the water injection operations to observed micro-earthquake hypocenter locations and the rate of events led to the observation of some differences and similarities. Seismic activities at the beginning of the water injection phase were low in Ogachi and Hijiori until the injected water volume reached that which was injected in a previous test, but high activity was observed from the onset of injection at the Cooper Basin site. This difference is thought to be caused by the injected water recovery from the fractures. It was seen in Cooper Basin that the previously activated area was quiet in the successive stimulation operations. This is thought to be caused by stress release from previous water injection. The water volume injected and the seismically activated area showed linear correlation. However, the inclination of the relationship is different and depends on the site. The seismically activated region at Cooper Basin extended much further than other sites. These differences are thought to be strongly dependent on regional natural joint systems.
Great Outdoors : How Our Natural Health Service Uses Green Space To Improve Wellbeing

A wide range of evidence suggests that contact with safe, green spaces can improve a number of aspects of mental and physical health and wellbeing as well as various social and environmental indicators. For example: • Contact with green spaces and natural environments can reduce symptoms of poor mental health and stress, and can improve mental wellbeing across all age groups. • Access to green spaces can increase levels of physical activity for all ages. • Having green spaces in an area can contribute to reduced health inequalities. • Safe, green spaces can increase levels of communal activity across different social groups as well as increase residents’ satisfaction with their local area. • Green spaces can help with our response to climate change through their potential to reduce the impacts of heatwaves and reduce flooding and reducing CO emissions. • Green spaces and natural environments can improve air and noise quality and support sustainability through increasing biodiversity, encouraging active transport and community participation.
Upside-down-Magen-Laparoskopische Therapie mit anteriorer

ie laparoskopische Antirefluxchirurgie ist eine etablierte Therapie für Patienten mit Refluxkrankheit, oft kombiniert mit kleinen, unkomplizierten Hernien (über 90 Prozent der Fälle). Es handelt sich um axiale Gleithernien (Typ 1), bei denen der gastroösophageale Übergang in das hintere Mediastinum gleitet. Diese Patienten leiden häufig auch an Refluxsymptomen. Bei paraösophagealen Hernien (Typ 2) herniert der Fundus in das hintere Mediastinum, der gastro-ösophageale Übergang verbleibt in anatomisch annähernd korrekter Lage. Patienten leiden zunächst an retrosternalem Druckgefühl, später oft an komplikationsreichen Passagestörungen. Im Falle von gemischten Hernien (Typ 3) befinden sich sowohl der gastroösophageale Übergang als auch der Fundus im hinteren Mediastinum. Patienten können an Reflux und Passagestörungen leiden. Der Upside-downoder auch Thorax-Magen (Typ 4) ist die maximale Ausprägung des zuvor genannten Hernientyps. Benachbarte Bauchorgane können dabei ebenfalls hernieren [1, 2].
Modeling and forecasting of rainfall data of mekele for Tigray region (Ethiopia)

In this paper we have attempted to build a seasonal model of monthly rainfall data of Mekele station of Tigray region (Ethiopia) using Univariate Box-Jenkins’s methodology. The method of estimation and diagnostic analysis results revealed that the model was adequately fitted to the historical data. In particular, the residual analysis, which is important for diagnostic checking confirmed that there is no violation of assumptions in relation to model adequacy. Further comparison on the forecasting accuracy of the model is performed by holding-out some rainfall values. The point forecast results showed a very closer match with the pattern of the actual data and better forecasting accuracy in validation period.
Use of a sensitive EnVision™+‐based detection system for Western blotting: avoidance of streptavidin binding to endogenous biotin and biotin‐containing proteins in kidney and other tissues

Western blotting remains a central technique in confirming identities of proteins, their quantitation and analysis of various isoforms. The biotin‐avidin/streptavidin system is often used as an amplification step to increase sensitivity but in some tissues such as kidney, “nonspecific” interactions may be a problem due to high levels of endogenous biotin‐containing proteins. The EnVision™ system, developed for immunohistochemical applications, relies on binding of a polymeric conjugate consisting of up to 100 peroxidase molecules and 20 secondary antibody molecules linked directly to an activated dextran backbone, to the primary antibody. This study demonstrates that it is also a viable and sensitive alternative detection system in Western blotting applications.
Normal systolic function in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy : reality or myth ? : reply

We would like to thank Efthimiadis et al. for their interest in our work. Indeed, it was long believed that patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) had normal or supranormal systolic function despite mutations in genes encoding for sarcomeric proteins. This concept was, at least partly, based on the use of endocardial indices of systolic function such as ejection fraction. Ejection fraction is generally normal or supranormal in HCM patients. However, it is well known that ejection fraction is a poor surrogate for systolic function in the presence of left ventricular hypertrophy because a normal ejection fraction is maintained by the subnormal function of additional sarcomeres laid in parallel. Reduced shortening of extra parallel sarcomeres leads to the same thickening and ejection of blood as would normal shortening of fewer sarcomeres. Experimental data started to separate reality from myth by showing that there is myocardial dysfunction even before the development of left ventricular hypertrophy. Whether this is detectable in the in vivo heart remains a difficult task. Follow up studies looking at young subjects with mutations before the development of hypertrophy may give the answer to this elusive question. We concur that isolated systolic or diastolic dysfunction do not exist. One is coupled to the other. Studies have confirmed that parameters of systolic function are important determinants of early diastolic function. The sensitivity of the techniques used to assess function seems to play a crucial role in detecting subtle abnormalities. Interestingly, in our study, patients with HCM had myocardial shortening and thickening persisting well after aortic valve closure in the more hypertrophied basal septal myocardial segments. This was associated with reduced early diastolic myocardial velocity in those myocardial segments suggesting abnormal myocardial relaxation. The reduction in systolic myocardial deformation was associated not only with maximal end-diastolic wall thickness and decreased exercise capacity but also with a blunted blood pressure response with exercise (r 1⁄4 0.62, P , 0.01). Given a blunted blood pressure response is a predictor of poor outcome in patients with HCM; this finding suggests that the abnormalities in myocardial deformation may be used to predict exercise capacity and may help risk stratify patients with HCM. Certainly, non-invasive techniques have helped us uncover some secrets of the hypertrophic heart. We hope that future studies will tell us more about when, how, and why hypertrophy as well as myocardial dysfunction ensue in HCM.
Wind turbines: is there a human health risk?

Humans have been using wind power since 500-900 A.D. when the first windmills were developed in Persia (Dodge, 2006). Wind, a form of solar energy, is altered in its flow pattern by the earth's land and water surfaces. Through these flow patterns, humans have developed highly sophisticated techniques and machinery to harness wind energy for several purposes such as sailing, pumping water, cutting lumber, and even generating electricity. One such machine is the wind turbine, which is a rotary device that extracts and converts the kinetic energy from the wind into mechanical power and then transforms this power into electricity through the use of a generator.
High-Performance Amino-Functional Graphene/CNT Aerogel Adsorbent for Formaldehyde Removal from Indoor Air

ABSTRACTA flexible approach prepares amino-functional graphene aerogels with different additions of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) for use as an adsorbent to study the adsorption performance of formaldehyde in indoor air. Experimental results indicated that the decoration of amino groups offers a greater number of chemical adsorption sites, which mainly contributed to the improvement of the chemical adsorption capacity of graphene aerogels, and the breakthrough time increased from 0 to 390 min g–1 under 3.7 ppm of formaldehyde. The addition of CNTs can significantly enhance the adsorption properties. More interestingly, the breakthrough time presents a substantial increase from 390 to 20,300 min g–1 when the mass ratio of CNTs and graphene increased from 0:1 to 2:1 and then decreased to 18,000 min g–1 at the ratio of 3:1. The addition of CNTs weakens the agglomeration degree and achieves a greater number of adsorption sites by playing a supportive and connective role among graphene sheets. However, more CNTs will agglomerate, and fewer functional groups on the surface limit additional amounts. The adsorption mechanism was also studied by analyzing the surface specific area and N content. This work provides new insights into the application of amino-functional graphene aerogels with the additions of CNTs (AGCAs) as a potential adsorbent to eliminate indoor formaldehyde pollution.
Daily Oral Everolimus Activity in Patients with Metastatic Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors after Failure of Cytotoxic Chemotherapy: A Phase II Trial

PURPOSE No established treatment exists for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (NET) progression after failure of chemotherapy. Everolimus (RAD001), an oral inhibitor of mammalian target of rapamycin, in combination with octreotide has demonstrated encouraging antitumor activity in patients with NETs. PATIENTS AND METHODS This open-label, phase II study assessed the clinical activity of everolimus in patients with metastatic pancreatic NETs who experienced progression on or after chemotherapy. Patients were stratified by prior octreotide therapy (stratum 1: everolimus 10 mg/d, n = 115; stratum 2: everolimus 10 mg/d plus octreotide long-acting release [LAR], n = 45). Tumor assessments (using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors) were performed every 3 months. Chromogranin A (CgA) and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) were assessed monthly if elevated at baseline. Trough concentrations of everolimus and octreotide were assessed. Results By central radiology review, in stratum 1, there were 11 partial responses (9.6%), 78 patients (67.8%) with stable disease (SD), and 16 patients (13.9%) with progressive disease; median progression-free survival (PFS) was 9.7 months. In stratum 2, there were two partial responses (4.4%), 36 patients (80%) with SD, and no patients with progressive disease; median PFS was 16.7 months. Patients with an early CgA or NSE response had a longer PFS compared with patients without an early response. Coadministration of octreotide LAR and everolimus did not impact exposure to either drug. Most adverse events were mild to moderate and were consistent with those previously seen with everolimus. CONCLUSION Daily everolimus, with or without concomitant octreotide LAR, demonstrates antitumor activity as measured by objective response rate and PFS and is well tolerated in patients with advanced pancreatic NETs after failure of prior systemic chemotherapy.
Thermal microwave emission from a scattering layer

The microwave radiometric temperature of heterogeneous materials is altered by internal scattering. Radiative transfer theory and a Rayleigh scattering model are used to obtain the microwave temperature and its polarization as a function of view angle for emission from a nonuniformly thick layer containing scatterers. The scatter-induced change in brightness temperature is generally negative and may be many tens of degrees. There are situations, however, such as the emission from ice over freshwater, where the scatterers may increase the brightness temperature by as much as 30°C. Lunar microwave temperatures may be decreased from a few degrees to more than 50°C depending upon wavelength and upon the specific lunar target; the brightness temperature as a function of wavelength of a lava flow may be decreased from 1°C to more than 30°C by near-surface vesicles; snow may appear from a few degrees to more than 60°C darker as it ages; and air bubbles in ice over freshwater may increase the brightness temperature by as much as 30°C or decrease it by as much as 50°C depending upon the thickness of the ice and the size and concentration of the bubbles.
Métabolisme benthique intertidal en milieu marin et estuarien : mesures in situ de la production et de la respiration, variabilité spatio-temporelle et bilans

Le metabolisme benthique intertidal a ete mesure in situ au cours de l'emersion sur quatre sites s'inscrivant dans un gradient biosedimentaire (d'un estran sableux battu a des vases estuariennes). Les mesures ont ete realisees dans une chambre benthique couplee a un analyseur infra-rouge de la concentration en CO2. Sur chacun des sites etudies, les variabilites temporelle et spatiale ont ete explorees a differentes echelles et le controle des processus metaboliques par des facteurs biotiques et abiotiques a ete determine. Il apparait que les processus sont principalement regules par la lumiere et la temperature a l'echelle journaliere et mensuelle dans les milieux estuariens. A l'echelle saisonniere s'additionnent les perturbations causees par les conditions locales propres a chaque site (cycle depot/erosion, par exemple). A Wimereux, les processus sont imprevisibles en raison de l'instabilite du milieu liee a l'exposition du site. La separation entre les structures biosedimentaires propres a chaque site est bien marquee en termes de biomasse chlorophyllienne et de production, mais pas en terme de respiration. La variabilite spatiale a grande echelle du metabolisme ne peut pas s'expliquer seulement par la variabilite biosedimentaire. Des bilans de production annuelle calcules a l'echelle du m² montrent qu'elle depend principalement des changements saisonniers de la duree du jour auxquels s'ajoutent des variations dues a la superposition des cycles tidaux et jour/nuit. Enfin, un bilan de production a ete calcule a l'echelle de la Baie de Somme a trois periodes de l'annee. Le compartiment benthique de la baie apparait heterotrophe net.
A DECISION SUPPORT TOOL FOR LONGLEAF CONSERVATION IN THE EAST GULF COASTAL PLAIN

The East Gulf Coastal Plain Joint Venture (EGCP) is leading the development of a decision support tool (DST) that will enable strategic conservation of open pine habitats. This DST is intended to guide decisions about where, when, how, and why conservation actions should be undertaken based upon a comprehensive landscape analysis and the application of key conservation biology principles to maximize conservation benefits for birds and other wildlife. Additionally, the fundamental elements of this DST have applicability beyond the EGCP. This DST is stimulating additional collaboration with neighboring Joint Ventures with planning boundaries and bird conservation priorities intrinsically linked to conservation of longleaf pine systems.
A longitudinal study examining the impact of ICT adoption on students and teachers

XVIII DECLARATION OF AUTHENTICITY . XX ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . XXI 1. INTRODUCTION . 1 ICT Adoption and Student Learning Outcomes . 3 Information and communication technologies . 4 ICT adoption . 5 Student learning outcomes . 5 Planning for Technological Change . 6 The Study Setting and School Selection Process . 7 Purpose of the Study . 9 Aims of the Study . 10 Delimitations of the Study . 12 Limitations of the Study . 13 Significance of the Study . 14 Thesis Overview . 15 2. MEASURING THE IMPACT OF ICT IN TEACHING AND LEARNING . 17 Trends in Educational ICT and its Integration . 17 Teachers, their Teaching Practice and ICT . 20 Teacher characteristics . 21 Access and use of common ICT . 21 Confidence using ICT . 22 School support and ICT teaching issues, challenges and obstacles . 23 Beliefs about students work and effort using ICT . 26 Planned learning objectives and outcomes . 27
Contracting for Multiple Goods under Asymmetric Information: The Two-goods Case

This paper investigates how a buyer and a seller exchanging two goods should write the contract, where the seller makes sequences of unobservable relation-specific investments and the buyer privately learns valuations for goods which are stochastically influenced by the investments and these two types of asymmetric information cause inefficiency in trading. Three types of contract structures are possible. In a dynamic contract, the goods are traded sequentially and the order for the second good can be canceled to restore efficiency for the first good. In separate contracts, two goods are treated independently, whereas the two goods are bundled as a single good in bundled contracts. It will be shown that the dynamic contract is suboptimal and that the second-best contract is either a separate or a bundle contract, depending on the costs of investments.
Estimation of Filtering Potential of Charcoal for Iron and Manganese Removal from Groundwater

Makoto Nishigaki , M. Shahbaz Akhtar 1, 2, 3 , Claudia Hartwig , M. Ali Tahir 2 and Yoko Oki 3 1 Geo-environmental Evaluation Laboratory, Department of Environmental Design & Civil Engineering, Graduate School of Environmental Science, Okayama University, Japan 2 Department of Soil & Environmental Sciences, University College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan 3 Department of Environmental Management Engineering, Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology, Graduate School of Environmental Science, Okayama University, Japan
Energy Systems and Technologies for the Coming Century

max. 2000 char. ): Riso International Energy Conference 2011 took place 10 – 12 May 2011. The conference focused on:  Future global energy development options, scenarios and policy issues  Intelligent energy systems of the future, including the interaction between supply and end-use  New and emerging technologies for the extended utilisation of sustainable energy  Distributed energy production technologies such as fuel cells, hydrogen, bioenergy, wind, hydro, wave, solar and geothermal  Centralised energy production technologies such as clean coal technologies, CCS and nuclear  Renewable energy for the transport sector and its integration in the energy system The proceedings are prepared from papers presented at the conference and received with corrections, if any, until the final deadline on 20-04-2011. ISBN 978-87-550-3903-2 Information Service Department Riso National Laboratory for Sustainable Energy Technical University of Denmark P.O. Box 49 DK-4000 Roskilde Denmark Telephone +45 46774005 bibl@risoe.dtu.dk Fax +45 46774013 www.risoe.dtu.dk
MCDM Approach for the Adoption of Best Cloud

ANP is a powerful tool in multi-criteria decision making. In this research, the performances of public cloud, private cloud and hybrid clouds are analyzed. This tool is used to encapsulate the interdependences in different level of decision attribute. The decision problem is structured in a hierarchical manner and the enablers, determinants and dimensions are linked with the alternatives. The current study is based on the adoption of the best cloud computing i.e. Public cloud, private cloud and hybrid cloud. Based on the literature survey the determinants, dimensions and enablers have been derived. Super matrices have been formed and then the overall weighted effectiveness of cloud computing has been found out, which will give an indication of the performances of the cloud computing. Overall weighted effectiveness was highest for public cloud and then hybrid cloud followed by private cloud
Progress and Trends of Smart City Development in China

From concept to practice, not only Smart City has been becoming popular topic in China, but also becoming the main subject of China new-type urbanization and the main content of China city informationization since 2008. By reviewing the progress of Smart City development in China in recent years, five aspects can be summarized as follows: the academic research achievements, the national policy constitution, the urban infrastructure improvement, the application system development, and the supporting system construction. At the same time, alone with the development of new technologies and their application, such as mobile communication, Cloud Computing, and Big Data, as well as the demands of China new-type urbanization, the trends of Smart City development in China in the near future can be deduced four aspects, such as, underground pipes management system, real estate information system, integration of multi-spatial planning platform, and mobile internet application platform.
Ab Initio Protein Structure Prediction Using Pathway Models

Ab initio prediction is the challenging attempt to predict protein structures based only on sequence information and without using templates. It is often divided into two distinct sub-problems: (a) the scoring function that can distinguish native, or native-like structures, from non-native ones; and (b) the method of searching the conformational space. Currently, there is no reliable scoring function that can always drive a search to the native fold, and there is no general search method that can guarantee a significant sampling of near-natives. Pathway models combine the scoring function and the search. In this short review, we explore some of the ways pathway models are used in folding, in published works since 2001, and present a new pathway model, HMMSTR-CM, that uses a fragment library and a set of nucleation/propagation-based rules. The new method was used for ab initio predictions as part of CASP5. This work was presented at the Winter School in Bioinformatics, Bologna, Italy, 10–14 February 2003.