Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On Vertex-Magic Labeling of Complete Graphs

Suppose G is a graph with vertex-set V and edge-set E. If λ is a one-to-one map from E ∪ V onto the integers {1, 2,. , e + v}, define the weight of vertex x to be wt(x) = λ(x) + λ(xy), where the sum is over all vertices y adjacent to x. We say λ is a vertex-magic total labeling if there is a constant h so that for every vertex x, wt(x) = h. A graph with such a labeling is a vertex-magic graph. Recently Lin and Miller [3] proved that all complete graphs of order divisible by 4 are vertex-magic. (It had been shown in [4] and [5] that all other complete graphs are vertex-magic.) Our purpose here is to present a simpler proof that all complete graphs are vertex-magic. In our proof we use the existence of magic rectangles. A magic rectangle A = (a ij) of size r × c is an r × c array whose entries are {1, 2,. , rc}, each appearing once, with all its row sums, and all its column sums, equal. The sum of all entries in the array is 1 2 rc(rc + 1); it follows that r i=1 a ij = 1 2 c(rc + 1), all j, c j=1 a ij = 1 2 r(rc + 1), all i, so r and n must either both be even or both be odd. It was shown in [2] that such an array exists whenever r and c have the same parity, except for 1
Improved Morbidity, Mortality, and Cost with Minimally Invasive Colon Resection Compared to Open Surgery

Background and Objectives: Despite the growth of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) in many specialties, open colon surgery is still routinely performed. The purpose of this study was to compare outcomes and costs between open colon and minimally invasive colon resections. Methods: We analyzed outcomes between January 1, 2016 and December31, 2018 using the Vizient® clinical database. Demographics, hospital length of stay, readmissions, complications, mortality, and costs were compared between patients undergoing elective open and minimally invasive colon resections. For bivariate analysis, Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used for continuous variables and χ2 test was used for categorical variables. Multiple Logistic and Quintile regression were used for multivariable analyses. Results: A total of 88,405 elective colon resections (open: 56,599; minimally invasive: 31,806) were reviewed. A significantly larger proportion of patients undergoing minimally invasive surgery were obese (body mass index > 30) compared to those undergoing open surgery (71.4% vs. 59.6%; p < 0.0001). As compared to minimally invasive colectomy, open colectomy patients had: a longer median length of stay [median (range): 7 (4–13) days vs. 4 (3 – 6) days, p < 0.0001], higher 30-day readmission rate [n = 8557 (15.1%) vs. 2815 (8.9%), p < 0.0001], higher mortality [n = 2590 (4.4%) vs. 107 (0.34%), p < 0.0001], and a higher total direct cost [median (range): $13,582 (9041–23,094) vs. $9013 (6748 – 12,649), p < 0.0001]. Multivariable models confirmed these findings. Conclusion: Minimally invasive colon surgery has clear benefits in terms of length of stay, readmission rate, mortality and cost, and the routine use of open colon resection should be revaluated.
Factors Associated with the Extent of Coronary Artery Disease and the Attained Outcome of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention at Gesund Cardiac and Medical Center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Background In Ethiopia, objective evidences showing pathologic features and clinical characteristics predicting the extent of coronary artery disease are scanty. The present study is aimed at assessing factors associated with the extent of coronary artery disease and the attained outcomes in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Methods A retrospective observational study of 197 patients that have undergone percutaneous coronary intervention was undertaken. Data were entered using Epi data version 4.2 and exported to Statistical Package for Social Science version 25 for analysis. Descriptive statistics such as frequencies and percentages were used to summarize the findings. Logistic regression was carried out to test the association between dependent and independent variables. Results The mean age of the study participants was 58.6 with standard deviation (SD) of 11.5 and male to female ratio of 4.2. The majority, [110 (55.8%)], had ST segment elevation myocardial infarction. Nearly two-third of the study participants had documented heart failure. Dyslipidemia [AOR 4.2(95%; CI:1.29–14.00)] and left ventricular hypertrophy [AOR 4.1(95%; CI:1.38–12.40)] were associated with extent of coronary artery disease on adjusted analysis. In the large majority, 169 patients (85.8%), thrombolysis in myocardial infarction 3 flow grade was achieved. Conclusion Dyslipidemia and left ventricular hypertrophy predicted multi-vessel coronary artery disease. There is a high frequency of post myocardial infarction heart failure, underscoring the need for centers of excellence and implementation of health education programs targeting the importance of primary prevention and timely revascularization. The success rate of percutasneous coronary intervention at Gesund Cardiac and Medical Center is praiseworthy.
Evaluating the Impact of Optical Interconnects on a Multi-Chip Machine-Learning Architecture

Following trends that emphasize neural networks for machine learning, many studies regarding computing systems have focused on accelerating deep neural networks. These studies often propose utilizing the accelerator specialized in a neural network and the cluster architecture composed of interconnected accelerator chips. We observed that inter-accelerator communication within a cluster has a significant impact on the training time of the neural network. In this paper, we show the advantages of optical interconnects for multi-chip machine-learning architecture by demonstrating performance improvements through replacing electrical interconnects with optical ones in an existing multi-chip system. We propose to use highly practical optical interconnect implementation and devise an arithmetic performance model to fairly assess the impact of optical interconnects on a machine-learning accelerator platform. In our evaluation of nine Convolutional Neural Networks with various input sizes, 100 and 400 Gbps optical interconnects reduce the training time by an average of 20.6% and 35.6%, respectively, compared to the baseline system with 25.6 Gbps electrical ones.
Genetic polymorphism of Plasmodium falciparum msp-1, msp-2 and glurp vaccine candidate genes in pre-artemisinin era clinical isolates from Lakhimpur district in Assam, Northeast India

Background Northeast India shares its international border with Southeast Asia and has a number of malaria endemic zones. Monitoring genetic diversity of malaria parasites is important in this area as drug resistance and increasing genetic diversity form a vicious cycle in which one favours the development of the other. This retrospective study was done to evaluate the genetic diversity patterns in Plasmodium falciparum strains circulating in North Lakhimpur area of Assam in the pre-artemisinin era and compare the findings with current diversity patterns. Methods Genomic DNA extraction was done from archived blood spot samples collected in 2006 from malaria-positive cases in Lakhimpur district of Assam, Northeast India. Three antigenic markers of genetic diversity were studied – msp-1 (block-2), msp-2 (block-3) and the glurp RII region of P. falciparum using nested PCR. Results Allelic diversity was examined in 71 isolates and high polymorphism was observed. In msp-1, eight genotypes were detected; K1 (single allele), MAD20 (six different alleles) and RO33 (single allele) allelic families were noted. Among msp-2 genotypes, 22 distinct alleles were observed out of which FC27 had six alleles and IC/3D7 had 16 alleles. In RII region of glurp, nine genotypes were obtained. Expected heterozygosity (H E) values of the three antigenic markers were 0.72, 0.81 and 0.88, respectively. Multiplicity of infection (MOI) values noted were 1.28, 1.84 and 1.04 for msp-1, msp-2 and glurp, respectively. Conclusion Results suggest a high level of genetic diversity in P. falciparum msp (block-2 of msp-1 and block-3 of msp-2) and the glurp RII region in Northeast India in the pre-artemisinin era when chloroqunine was the primary drug used for uncomplicated falciparum malaria. Comparison with current studies have revealed that the genetic diversity in these genes is still high in this region, complicating malaria vaccine research.
Low group delay variation 3‐10 GHz 65 nm CMOS stacked power amplifier with 18.1 dBm peak 1 dB compression output power

A 3‐10 GHz stacked power amplifier (PA) with low group delay variation and 18.1 dBm peak 1 dB compression output power (P1dB) in 65 nm CMOS bulk technology is presented. It is intended for ultra‐wideband or multiband telecommunication, sensing, and instrumentation systems operating in the 3‐10 GHz frequency range situated in the S, C, and X bands. Its design, based on stacked transistors allowing a supply voltage as high as 4 V to achieve a high 1 dB compression output power, is detailed. In the 3–10 GHz band, the proposed PA provides measured gain, P1dB, and maximum power added efficiency (PAEmax) of 12.65 ± 1.25 dB, 16 ± 2.1 dBm, and 20.15 ± 7.55%, respectively. In addition, in its frequency range of operation, this PA achieves an excellent measured group delay variation of ±21.55 ps. To the authors’ knowledge, this wideband PA offers the lowest group delay variation in this frequency range of operation.
Vitamin D3 Levels in Predicting Transient Hypocalcemia After Parathyroidectomy

Introduction Hypocalcemia following parathyroidectomy can often be problematic, requiring long-term follow-up. This complication can be permanent or transient. It most commonly occurs following head and neck surgery where there is accidental removal of the parathyroid gland or damage to the blood supply to the gland during dissection. This study aimed to predict transient hypocalcemia and hypoparathyroidism by evaluating preoperative vitamin D. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 82 patients that had undergone minimally invasive surgery for primary hyperparathyroidism. Data for patient demographics, histopathology, preoperative and postoperative parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium levels and vitamin D levels were reviewed. Results The female to male ratio was 8.1:1 and the mean age was 56.4 ± 6.2. Preoperative vitamin D was normal in 47.6%, 39% had vitamin D deficiency and 13.4% had vitamin D insufficiency. Postoperatively, 23% has hypocalcemia and 10% had hypoparathyroidism. Postoperative median calcium levels were low in both the vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency groups but failed to show a significant association. Conclusion In our study, preoperative vitamin D levels failed to show an association between postoperative calcium and PTH levels.
International society of sports nutrition position stand: tactical athlete nutrition

ABSTRACT This position stand aims to provide an evidence-based summary of the energy and nutritional demands of tactical athletes to promote optimal health and performance while keeping in mind the unique challenges faced due to work schedules, job demands, and austere environments. After a critical analysis of the literature, the following nutritional guidelines represent the position of the International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN). General Recommendations Nutritional considerations should include the provision and timing of adequate calories, macronutrients, and fluid to meet daily needs as well as strategic nutritional supplementation to improve physical, cognitive, and occupational performance outcomes; reduce risk of injury, obesity, and cardiometabolic disease; reduce the potential for a fatal mistake; and promote occupational readiness. Military Recommendations Energy demands should be met by utilizing the Military Dietary Reference Intakes (MDRIs) established and codified in Army Regulation 40-25. Although research is somewhat limited, military personnel may also benefit from caffeine, creatine monohydrate, essential amino acids, protein, omega-3-fatty acids, beta-alanine, and L-tyrosine supplementation, especially during high-stress conditions. First Responder Recommendations Specific energy needs are unknown and may vary depending on occupation-specific tasks. It is likely the general caloric intake and macronutrient guidelines for recreational athletes or the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges for the general healthy adult population may benefit first responders. Strategies such as implementing wellness policies, setting up supportive food environments, encouraging healthier food systems, and using community resources to offer evidence-based nutrition classes are inexpensive and potentially meaningful ways to improve physical activity and diet habits. The following provides a more detailed overview of the literature and recommendations for these populations.
Geometría integral de figuras ilimitadas

EESUMEN. Objeto de este trabajo es extender la parte de geometría integral derivada del concepto de medida cinemática al caso de ser ilimitada algu na de las figuras. Por figuras ilimitadas se entienden las bandas de plano limitadas por rectas paralelas y en general las llamadas redes uniformes. Este estudio se hace en I para el plano y en I I para el espacio permitiendo, en ambos casos, obtener varios valores medios y problemas de probabilidades geométricas. En I I I se t ra ta de una aplicación de estos conceptos a la demostración de un teorema de BLICHFELDT y otros teoremas análogos.
Cone spectral sensitivities and color matching

The eye’s optics form an inverted image of the world on the dense layer of light-sensitive photoreceptors that carpet its rear surface. There, the photoreceptors transduce arriving photons into the temporal and spatial patterns of electrical signals that eventually lead to perception. Four types of photoreceptors initiate vision: The rods, more effective at low light levels, provide our nighttime or scotopic vision, while the three classes of cones, more effective at moderate to high light levels, provide our daytime or photopic vision. The three cone types, each with different spectral sensitivity, are the foundations of our trichromatic color vision. They are referred to as long-, middle-, and short-wavelength–sensitive (L, M, and S), according to the relative spectral positions of their peak sensitivities. The alternative nomenclature red, green, and blue (R, G, and B) has fallen into disfavor because the three cones are most sensitive in the yellow-green, green, and violet parts of the spectrum and because the color sensations of pure red, green, and blue depend on the activity of more than one cone type. A precise knowledge of the L-, M-, and S-cone spectral sensitivities is essential to the understanding and modeling of normal color vision and “reduced” forms of color vision, in which one or more of the cone types is missing. In this chapter, we consider the derivation of the cone spectral sensitivities from sensitivity measurements and from color matching data.
Addiction to Sugar and Its Link to Health Morbidity : A Primer for Newer Primary Care and Public Health Initiatives in Malaysia

Objectives: The average consumption of sugar in the Malaysian population has reached an alarming rate, exceeding the benchmark recommended by experts. This article argues the need of a paradigm shift in the management of sugar consumption in the country through evidence derived from addiction research. Methods: “Food addiction” could lead to high levels of sugar consumption. This probable link could accelerate the development of diabetes and obesity in the community. A total of 94 reports and studies that describe the importance of addiction theory–based interventions were found through a search on PubMed, Google Scholar, and Academic Search Complete. Results: Research in the field of addiction medicine has revealed the addictive potential of high levels of sugar intake. Preexisting health promotion strategies could benefit from the integration of the concept of sugar addiction. A targeted intervention could yield more positive results in health outcomes within the country. Conclusion: Current literature seems to support food environment changes, targeted health policies, and special consultation skills as cost-effective remedies to curb the rise of sugar-related health morbidities.
A stable XPG protein is required for proper ribosome biogenesis: Insights on the phenotype of combinate Xeroderma Pigmentosum/Cockayne Syndrome patients

Nucleotide Excision Repair is one of the five DNA repair systems. More than 30 proteins are involved in this process, including the seven XP proteins. When mutated, the genes coding for these proteins are provoking the rare disease Xeroderma Pigmentosum, which causes cutaneous defects and a high prevalence of skin cancers in patients. The CSA and CSB proteins are also involved in Nucleotide Excision Repair, and their mutation leads to Cockayne Syndrome, another rare disease, causing dwarfism, neurodegeneration, and ultimately early death, but without high skin cancer incidence. Some mutations of ERCC5, the gene coding for XPG, may give rise to a combined Xeroderma Pigmentosum and Cockayne Syndrome. A defect in Nucleotide Excision Repair alone cannot explain all these phenotypes. XPG has been located in the nucleolus, where ribosome biogenesis happens. This energy-consuming process starts with the transcription of the ribosomal DNA in a long ribosomal RNA, the pre-rRNA 47S, by RNA Polymerase 1. 47S pre-rRNA undergoes several cleavages and modifications to form three mature products: the ribosomal RNAs 18S, 5.8S and 28S. In the cytoplasm, these three products will enter the ribosomes’ composition, the producers of protein in our cells. Our work aimed to observe ribosome biogenesis in presence of an unstable XPG protein. By working on Xeroderma Pigmentosum/Cockayne Syndrome cell lines, meaning in the absence of XPG, we uncovered that the binding of UBF, as well as the number of unresolved R-loops, is increased along the ribosomal DNA gene body and flanking regions. Furthermore, ribosomal RNA maturation is impaired, with increased use of alternative pathways of maturation as well as an increase of immature precursors. These defective processes may explain the neurodegeneration observed when the XPG protein is heavily truncated, as ribosomal homeostasis and R-loops resolution are critical for proper neuronal development.
The epidemiology and characteristics of injuries to under 5’s in a secondary city in Uganda: a retrospective review of hospital data

Abstract Child injuries are largely preventable yet cause significant mortality and morbidity globally. Injury data from low-income countries is limited for children under the age of 5 and therefore the current understanding of the magnitude of injuries in this age group is low. Hospital-based registries are one mechanism by which injury data can be gathered. This paper presents findings from a retrospective hospital record review of 4 hospitals in Jinja, a rural setting in Uganda, involving the extraction of data for children under the age of 5-years who sustained an injury during a 6-month period in 2019. A total of 225 injury cases were retrieved from the hospitals. Over half (57.3%) of the events occurred among males. The majority (92%) suffered one injury per injury event. Most of the injuries occurred among those aged 13 to 24 months (32.9%). Burns (32%) and cuts (20%) were the most common cause of injury. This study presents a hospital-based analysis of injuries amongst under 5’s in rural Uganda. It provides information on the characteristics of children entering healthcare facilities in Uganda and highlights the burden of paediatric injuries in the hospital setting.
Assessment of the Effect of Organ Impairment on the Pharmacokinetics of 2′‐MOE and Phosphorothioate Modified Antisense Oligonucleotides

The pharmacokinetics (PK) of 2′‐O‐methoxyethyl and phosphorothioate antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), with or without N‐acetyl galactosamine conjugation, have been well characterized following subcutaneous or intravenous drug administration. However, the effect of organ impairment on ASO PK, primarily hepatic or renal impairment, has not yet been reported. ASOs distribute extensively to the liver and kidneys, where they are metabolized slowly by endo‐ and exonucleases, with minimal renal excretion as parent drug (<1%–3%). This short review evaluated the effect of organ impairment on ASO PK using 3 case studies: (1) a phase 1 renal impairment study evaluating a N‐acetyl galactosamine–conjugated ASO in healthy study participants and study participants with moderate renal impairment, (2) a phase 2 study evaluating an unconjugated ASO in patients with end‐stage renal disease; and (3) a phase 3 study evaluating an unconjugated ASO, which included patients with mild hepatic or renal impairment. Results showed that patients with end‐stage renal disease had a mild increase (≈34%) in total plasma exposure, whereas mild or moderate renal impairment showed no effect on plasma PK. The effect of hepatic impairment on ASO PK could not be fully evaluated due to lack of data in moderate and severe hepatic impairment study participants. Nonetheless, available data suggest that mild hepatic impairment had no effect on ASO exposure.
Education as a dimension of human development: A Provincial-level Education Index for Ecuador

This article deepens in the differences in educational development between the Ecuadorian provinces and in their evolution over time by estimating the Provincial-level Education Index. This index is built using the micro-databases of the two latest rounds of the Ecuador`s Living Standards Measurement Survey (2005–2006 and 2013–2014). The results show an overall increase in the educational development of the Ecuadorian provinces, as well as a slight reduction in inequality. However, differences between them continue to exist. Underlying our results, which are consistent with the provincial production structure and socioeconomic context, some public policies seem to affect the educational sector, as their impact has been evidenced during the period covered in this research.
Strand annealing and motor driven activities of SMARCAL1 and ZRANB3 are stimulated by RAD51 and the paralog complex

Abstract SMARCAL1, ZRANB3 and HLTF are required for the remodeling of replication forks upon stress to promote genome stability. RAD51, along with the RAD51 paralog complex, were also found to have recombination-independent functions in fork reversal, yet the underlying mechanisms remained unclear. Using reconstituted reactions, we build upon previous data to show that SMARCAL1, ZRANB3 and HLTF have unequal biochemical capacities, explaining why they have non-redundant functions. SMARCAL1 uniquely anneals RPA-coated ssDNA, which depends on its direct interaction with RPA, but not on ATP. SMARCAL1, along with ZRANB3, but not HLTF efficiently employ ATPase driven translocase activity to rezip RPA-covered bubbled DNA, which was proposed to mimic elements of fork reversal. In contrast, ZRANB3 and HLTF but not SMARCAL1 are efficient in branch migration that occurs downstream in fork remodeling. We also show that low concentrations of RAD51 and the RAD51 paralog complex, RAD51B–RAD51C–RAD51D–XRCC2 (BCDX2), directly stimulate the motor-driven activities of SMARCAL1 and ZRANB3 but not HLTF, and the interplay is underpinned by physical interactions. Our data provide a possible mechanism explaining previous cellular experiments implicating RAD51 and BCDX2 in fork reversal.