Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Neoproterozoic Hekla Sund Basin, eastern North Greenland: a pre-Iapetan extensional sequence thrust across its rift shoulders during the Caledonian orogeny

The Vandredalen thrust sheet forms the allochthonous Caledonian front in Kronprins Christian Land, eastern North Greenland. It transported Neoproterozoic shallow marine, arkosic sediments of the Rivieradal Group and shelf sediments of the Hagen Fjord Group across parautochthonous Neoproterozoic–Ordovician sediments on the foreland. The thrust sheet roots to the east along the Brede Spærregletscher–Hekla Sund lineament and has a demonstrable westwards displacement of c. 40 km. A large part of that displacement (c. 22 km) is achieved on a single structure, the Vandredalen thrust, but this is only one of a linked system of thrusts which involve parautochthonous thin-skinned thrust sheets to the west and thicker skinned thrust sheets now exposed in the east. Conodont geothermometry suggests that the thick-skinned thrust sheets formerly extended westwards above the Vandredalen thrust sheet at higher structural levels. Restoration of the displacement on the thin-skinned thrusts reveals the Rivieradal Group to be a Neoproterozoic syn-rift sequence deposited in an eastwards-facing extensional half-graben (Hekla Sund Basin) which originally lay immediately to the east of the Brede Spærregletscher–Hekla Sund lineament. The transgressive Hagen Fjord Group represents a period of post-rift thermal re-equilibration in latest Riphean time and the youngest units in the group overstep the original rift shoulder. The Hekla Sund Basin represents another example of the rift-sag episodes which are an important feature of the pre-Iapetan evolution of the Laurentian margin successions and comparisons are made with coeval basins in Scotland and Svalbard.
Challenges of Women Entrepreneurship and Empowerment in South Africa: Evidence from Rural Areas

This study aims to identify impediments to expanding women-owned businesses in rural areas of South Africa. The study used a quantitative research method to collect data. The study concentrated on 250 female business owners in the rural communities of Hluhluwe, Ulundi, and Eshowe in northern KZN. The study found that the main obstacles to expanding women-owned businesses in rural areas were financial constraints, a lack of education, and inadequate infrastructure. However, these difficulties experienced by women business owners in rural South Africa can be conquered. Overcoming these obstacles could empower women entrepreneurs and stimulate economic growth in rural areas, thus reducing poverty and enhancing the living standards of rural communities. Based on these findings, the study recommends various interventions, such as alternative financing models, targeted education and training programs, and infrastructure development, to support the growth of women-owned enterprises in rural areas. Future research should examine additional issues such as cultural and social hurdles, a lack of access to markets and information, and legal and regulatory restrictions that impede the establishment of women-owned businesses in rural areas.
Age Invariant Face Recognition Model Based on Convolution Neural Network (CNN)

extraction operation by the convolution neural network (CNN) that is suggested. After all that, the classification stage begins, which was done by using the (SoftMax) function, because we have approximately (570) classes. In the testing phase, we perform the task of checking the two images entered whether they belong to the same person or not. In this paper, adopted the (Age) and (FG-Net) datasets, Finally, the verification accuracy rate for the proposed system reached 98.7 % on the (Age) dataset, and reached 99.4 % on the (FG-Net) dataset.
Evaluación de la eficacia de PCA e ICA en la mejora del reconocimiento de movimientos musculares a partir de señales EMG crudas

En la última década el desarrollo de modelos de clasificación a través de aprendizaje automático para control de dispositivos protésicos multifuncionales ha ido en aumento. La electromiografía (EMG) son registros producidos por las fibras musculares de forma natural al realizar movimientos, de modelarse podrían tener un papel de forma más activa en este tipo de control. Estas señales son utilizadas para control de dispositivos/aplicaciones, el problema con estos modelos es la naturaleza estocástica de la señal, la variabilidad entre sujetos y la comunicación cruzada inherente que los vuelve inexactos ante un número alto de movimientos. La naturaleza estocástica y la variabilidad de la señal ya son ampliamente estudiadas, sin embargo, no existen aún resultados definitivos que describan modelos de clasificación de movimientos generalizables. Aquí se estudian dos bases de datos disponibles en la red CapgMyo y the Ninapro project, se evalúan las características de estas, teniendo como objetivo investigar la variabilidad de la señal muscular entre sujetos, los factores que la modifican y como afecta el uso de análisis de componentes principales (PCA) y el análisis de componentes independientes (ICA) a la información del EMG en modelos de clasificación. Se realizó una comparación entre los resultados en términos de porcentajes de reconocimiento de métodos clásicos de aprendizaje automático como el análisis discriminante lineal (LDA) y el cuadrático (QDA) utilizando técnicas de trasformación a nuevos espacios introduciendo la posibilidad de realizar una reducción de la dimensionalidad con PCA e ICA, algoritmos usualmente utilizados para resolver problemas como la separación ciega de fuentes (BSS) que es aplicable al fenómeno presentado en señales musculares y su adquisición a través de electrodos superficiales. Los resultados pueden evaluarse a través del porcentaje de reconocimiento de los modelos de clasificación creados, estos muestran que para señales crudas de EMG los métodos de PCA e ICA son útiles para realizar una reducción de la dimensionalidad de los datos sin aportar un aumento significativo en los porcentajes de reconocimiento. Se demostró que los porcentajes de reconocimiento en la clasificación de los movimientos para la base de datos Capgmyo fueron superiores gracias a las características que la definen, se obtuvo un mayor porcentaje de reconocimiento que va del 72.5% al 87.9% con QDA, y del 82.8 al 90% para QDA con PCA. La aportación principal es la evaluación de la eficacia de algoritmos como PCA e ICA en tareas de aprendizaje automático con datos crudos de EMG. Como trabajo futuro esta ir plasmando las bases para reducir los efectos de la comunicación cruzada en los registros de EMG.
Traffic Pattern Classification in Smart Cities Using Deep Recurrent Neural Network

This paper examines the use of deep recurrent neural networks to classify traffic patterns in smart cities. We propose a novel approach to traffic pattern classification based on deep recurrent neural networks, which can effectively capture traffic patterns’ dynamic and sequential features. The proposed model combines convolutional and recurrent layers to extract features from traffic pattern data and a SoftMax layer to classify traffic patterns. Experimental results show that the proposed model outperforms existing methods regarding accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score. Furthermore, we provide an in-depth analysis of the results and discuss the implications of the proposed model for smart cities. The results show that the proposed model can accurately classify traffic patterns in smart cities with a precision of as high as 95%. The proposed model is evaluated on a real-world traffic pattern dataset and compared with existing classification methods.
A ScAlN-Based Piezoelectric MEMS Microphone With Sector-Connected Cantilevers

With increasing requirements for massive sound acquisition, piezoelectric MEMS microphones (PMMs) have attracted widespread attention due to the advantages of low power consumption, fast response, waterproof and dustproof. This work presents a PMM with sector-connected cantilevers, where the anchors are located at the center of a circular operating area of 0.5-mm2. According to theoretical analysis and finite element simulations, the proposed PMM exhibits higher sensitivity compared with conventional cantilever diaphragms fixed at the perimeter. The PMM is fabricated on a customized cavity silicon-on-insulator (CSOI) substrate with a 9.5% scandium-doped aluminum nitride (ScAlN) film. The output of the PMM assembly is amplified and filtered from 100-Hz to 20-kHz, and the measured sensitivity, minimum detectable pressure (MDP), resolution, total harmonic distortion (THD), and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) are −37.6-dB (re: 1-V/Pa), 40-dB SPL, 40-dB SPL, 0.997%, and 54.2-dB at 1-kHz, respectively. The calculated nonlinearity of the PMM is less than 0.85% under 94-dB SPL. The receiving sensitivity and SNR of the ScAlN-based PMM are effectively improved, which shows great potential in intelligent voice acquisition and control scenarios. [2023-0110]
Detection of Multiple Open Faults in Variable Phase-Pole Machines based on Harmonic Plane Decomposition

Multiphase electrical machine are inherently true fault tolerant, which is a key difference as compared to conventional three-phase machines. The subgroup of variable phase-pole machines have the ability to change phase-pole configurations only through current control. Due to the higher availability and simpler construction, three-phase voltage source inverters modules are often used for multiphase electrical machines. While many approaches exist for one single open-phase fault, this paper proposes an open-fault detection method capable to detect the failure of an entire three-phase module for variable phase-pole machines. It is an extension to the harmonic-plane-decomposition fault detection analyzing the instantaneous space harmonic content of the current distribution. Simulation results demonstrate the feasibility of the approach.
A “critical” climatic evaluation of last interglacial (MIS 5e) records from the Norwegian Sea

Sediment cores from the Norwegian Sea were studied to evaluate interglacial climate conditions of the marine isotope stage 5e (MIS 5e). Using planktic forminiferal assemblages as the core method, a detailed picture of the evolution of surface water conditions was derived. According to our age model, a steplike deglaciation of the Saalian ice sheets is noted between ca. 135 and 124.5 Kya, but the deglaciation shows little response with regard to surface ocean warming. From then on, the rapidly increasing abundance of subpolar forminifers, concomitant with decreasing iceberg indicators, provides evidence for the development of interglacial conditions sensu stricto (5e-ss), a period that lasted for about 9 Ky. As interpreted from the foraminiferal records, and supported by the other proxies, this interval of 5e-ss was in two parts: showing an early warm phase, but with a fresher, i.e., lower salinity, water mass, and a subsequent cooling phase that lasted until ca. 118.5 Kya. After this time, the climatic optimum with the most intense advection of Atlantic surface water masses occurred until ca. 116 Kya. A rapid transition with two notable climatic perturbations is observed subsequently during the glacial inception. Overall, the peak warmth of the last interglacial period occurred relatively late after deglaciation, and at no time did it reach the high warmth level of the early Holocene. This finding must be considered when using the last interglacial situation as an analogue model for enhanced meridional transfer of ocean heat to the Arctic, with the prospect of a future warmer climate.
Estimation of subgrade resilient modulus from standard tests

Mechanistic pavement design procedures based on elastic layer theory require the specification of elastic moduli for each material in the pavement section. Repeated load tests yielding a resilient modulus are frequently used to characterize the soil subgrade. Due to difficulties associated with cyclic testing, approximate methods are often used for design estimates of resilient modulus. These approximations are often based only on shear strength measures and do not account for the dependence on the magnitude of cyclic deviator stress. A procedure is described to relate the soil-index properties and the moduli obtained from unconfined compression tests, to resilient modulus. Two statistical models are described and demonstrated for 11 soils from throughout the state of Tennessee. One model provides an estimation of the breakpoint resilient modulus, or the modulus at a deviator stress of 6 psi (41 kPa). The second model provides a general nonlinear relationship for the modulus of fine-grained soils as a function of deviator stress. Both models are demonstrated for a range of soils and are shown to provide a good characterization of the response for the soils investigated. Similar relationships can be developed for other subgrade soils, and may prove useful to agencies that use deterministic pavement design procedures, but lack the capability for high-production repeated-load testing.
The Applications of Geo-Info Systems in Gauging the Susceptibility of Coastal Areas in Louisiana and Mississippi

Th is research assesses the vulnerability of coastal areas in the Southeastern states of Mississippi and Louisiana using climate risk information. Emphasis is on the issues, and evaluation of the trends. In terms of methods, the paper uses GIS and descriptive statistics to map the trends. In the last several years, climate change impact continues to be felt in the Southeast especially the coastal zones. It has been predicted by scientists that many people could be affected by the impact of climate change risks in the Southeast coastal zones mostly fro m storms, high and extreme temperatures and others. As one of the most sensitive and vulnerable systems, coastal zones' areas of concern include sea level rise, land loss, frequency of marit ime storms, flooding and responses to sea level rise. Addressing the challenges associated with the threats of climate change in coastal areas of Mississippi and Louisiana, requires periodic assessment of the risks using geographic informat ion systems. Without access to sufficient climate risk information management tools to measure the precise vulnerability of coastal zones areas, the emergency preparedness of managers and cities in the ho meland to mit igate the dangers posed to infrastructure, human lives and the economy will be diminished. The results show a spatial diffusion and a growing risk in vulnerable coastal areas in the two states. Utilizing climate risk data and GIS techniques to analyze the dangers faced in coastal cities helps min imize their vulnerability in the region and the homeland. The paper suggests the need for constant assessment, bioinformat ics education and GIS mapping of the risks.
Should a VP or LP Shunt be Used for the Treatment of Pseudotumorcerebri in Adults?

Introduction: Pseudotumorcerebri(PTC) is a condition characterized by false brain tumor symptoms, caused by high intracranial pressure (ICP). Treatment options include medication, weight loss, surgery, and shunting. Shunt-ing, either ventriculoperitoneal (VP) or lumboperitoneal (LP), emerged as the preferred method of treatment, but there is an ongoing debate as to which technique should be prioritized. The aim of this study is to gather additional evidence to determine the optimal type of shunt for treating PTC. Materials and Methods: Ninety patients with PTC were studied at Damascus University between 2016 and 2021. The study monitored symptoms before and after treatment, with improvement related to the technique used (VP or LP shunts). Of all patients, 83 were women and 7 were men. In addition, complications were analyzed. Results: Both shunts showed similar postoperative rates of symptom improvement, but VP shunts were utilized more frequently overall in this study. Patients who received LP shunt surgery had a higher rate of postoperative complications compared to those who received VP shunt surgery, but the chi-squared analysis did not provide sufficient evidence to confirm a significant relationship between the type of surgery and the occurrence of postoperative complications. Conclusion: Despite ongoing controversy about the optimal treatment for benign intracranial hypertension (BTC), most authors approved the trend of using VP (ventriculoperitoneal) shunts, given a lower rate of complications. However, there is no statistically significant difference between outcomes of VP and LP (lumboperitoneal) shunting techniques, according to our research.
A Survey for Emotion Recognition Based on Speech Signal

+, Berlin emotional database, and SAVEE. In general, these techniques enable the identification of seven basic emotions. To determine the emotion, the audio expression for eight emotions (happy, angry, sad, depressed, bored, anxious, afraid, and apprehensive), all published research maintain an average level of accuracy. The major goal of this survey is to compare and contrast numerous previous survey methodologies, which are backed up by empirical evidence. This study covered signal collection processing, feature extraction, and signal classification, as well as the pros and downsides of each approach. It also goes over a number of strategies that may need to be tweaked at each step of speech emotion recognition.
An Empirical Study on the Factors Influencing the Attitude and Behaviors Towards Smartphone Voice Assistant Usage

In the United States, citizens have a positive outlook towards voice assistants in general but show a negative attitude specifically towards smartphone voice assistants due to various factors. Currently, almost no data exist regarding smartphone voice assistant in Indonesia due to the lack of research regarding this technology. This paper aims to fill that gap by studying the factors affecting Indonesia, specifically Jakarta citizen attitude and behavioral intentions toward smartphone voice assistants. This study uses five variables based on previous literature: perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, privacy concern, attitude, and behavioral intention to establish six research hypotheses. This paper utilizes the quantitative research type by conducting an online survey that includes all variable items to validate the research hypotheses. The online survey collected 400 respondents of Jakarta citizens that use smartphone voice assistants. SmartPLS was used to analyze the validity, reliability, and hypotheses of the study, while supporting data were processed using Microsoft Excel. The results show that all six research hypotheses are valid, in which perceived ease of use has a positive impact on perceived usefulness, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and privacy concern have an effect towards user attitude, while the user attitude itself has a positive impact on their behavioral intention to use a smartphone voice assistant. The theoretical implications of this study are that perceived ease of use can become a factor that positively impact users’ behavioral intention on using a smartphone voice assistant and hypotheses tests can show varied results on different target sample who lives in different areas and cultures. The practical implication found from this study is that companies should implement solutions for smartphone voice assistants that focus on the technology's perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and privacy concern, as those three factors significantly impact the user's attitude and behavioral intention.
Geographical distribution and sources of phosphorus in atmospheric aerosol over the North Pacific Ocean

Atmospheric aerosol samples with two size fractions (Da ≤ 2.5 μm and Da ≥ 2.5 μm) were collected in the subtropical region of the western North Pacific (WNP) and over the central North Pacific (CNP) Ocean in summer and geographical distributions of particulate concentrations of total phosphorus (TP), water soluble fraction of phosphorus, and tracer elements (Fe, Zn, Na) were investigated. Average concentrations (in ng m−3) of TP, Fe, Zn, Na in the WNP region were 7.3 ± 4.3, 16.2 ± 17.1, 5.5 ± 7.5, and 1450 ± 700, while they were 2.5 ± 1.2, 5.9 ± 5.1, 0.9 ± 1.2, and 1480 ± 610 along the 160°W line in the CNP, respectively. Source apportionment using the tracer elements exhibited that contribution of anthropogenic source was estimated to be 38% and 18%, while that of crustal source was estimated to be about 5% for both WNP and CNP regions, respectively. Oceanic source was estimated to have a little contribution. Half or less fraction of the TP could be accounted for by the anthropogenic and crustal sources. Water solubility of the TP was found to be higher in the WNP region than the CNP region. The similar fractions of water soluble and anthropogenic contribution to the TP found in both WNP and CNP regions suggested that anthropogenic phosphorus was water soluble and dominant in the WNP region, although the unaccounted fraction occupied a large portion of the TP (47% and 76% for WNP and CNP, respectively) as insoluble form.
Comparative Study of Hydroxytyrosol Acetate and Hydroxytyrosol in Activating Phase II Enzymes

Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is fundamental to the maintenance of redox homeostasis within cells via the regulation of a series of phase II antioxidant enzymes. The unique olive-derived phenolic compound hydroxytyrosol (HT) is recognized as an Nrf2 activator, but knowledge of the HT derivative hydroxytyrosol acetate (HTac) on Nrf2 activation remains limited. In this study, we observed that an HT pretreatment could protect the cell viability, mitochondrial membrane potential, and redox homeostasis of ARPE-19 cells against a t-butyl hydroperoxide challenge at 50 μM. HTac exhibited similar benefits at 10 μM, indicating a more effective antioxidative capacity compared with HT. HTac consistently and more efficiently activated the expression of Nrf2-regulated phase II enzymes than HT. PI3K/Akt was the key pathway accounting for the beneficial effects of HTac in ARPE-19 cells. A further RNA-Seq analysis revealed that in addition to the consistent upregulation of phase II enzymes, the cells presented distinct expression profiles after HTac and HT treatments. This indicated that HTac could trigger a diverse cellular response despite its similar molecular structure to HT. The evidence in this study suggests that Nrf2 activation is the major cellular activity shared by HTac and HT, and HTac is more efficient at activating the Nrf2 system. This supports its potential future employment in various disease management strategies.