Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reconsidering Perceptual Content*

An important class of teleological theories cannot explain the representational content of visual states because they fail to address the relationship between the world, projected retinal stimuli, and perception. A different approach for achieving a naturalized theory of visual content is offered that rejects the traditional internalism/externalism debate in favor of what is termed “empirical externalism. ” This position maintains that, while teleological considerations can underwrite a broad understanding of representation, the content of visual representation can only be determined empirically according to accumulated past experience. A corollary is that a longstanding problem concerning the indeterminacy of visual content is dissolved.
Injection locking properties of a semiconductor laser

Injection locking properties of a semiconductor laser have been analyzed, taking into account the injected carrier density dependent refractive index in the active region. It has been found that this dependence significantly affects the injection locking properties, giving rise to a peculiar asymmetric tuning curve and dynamic instability. The instability originates from the intermode interaction via the modulation in the injected carrier density caused by intensity beat. The detuning dependence of the direct modulation response characteristics inside and outside of the locking range have also been examined.
Perpendicular-anisotropy magnetic tunnel junction switched by spin-Hall-assisted spin-transfer torque

We investigate the magnetization switching induced by spin-Hall-assisted spin-transfer torque (STT) in a three-terminal device consisting of a perpendicular-anisotropy magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) and an β-W strip. Magnetization dynamics in free layer of MTJ is simulated by solving numerically a modified Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert equation. The influences of spin-Hall write current (density, duration and direction) on the STT switching are evaluated. We find that the switching speed of a STT-MTJ can be significantly improved (reduced to <1 ns) by using a sufficiently large spin-Hall write current density (~25 MA cm−2) with an appropriate duration (~0.5 ns). Finally we develop an electrical model of three-terminal MTJ/β-W device with Verilog-A language and perform transient simulation of switching a 4 T/1MTJ/1β-W memory cell with Spectre simulator. Simulation results demonstrate that spin-Hall-assisted STT-MTJ has advantages over conventional STT-MTJ in write speed and energy.
A continuous review perishable inventory model

A continuous review (8, S) inventory system in which items are removed from stock one at a time either due to random demand or random failure of item is considered. It is assumed that demands for items occur in Poisson manner and life time of any item is negative exponential. Assuming instantaneous delivery of orders, the steady state proba¬bility distributions of the stock level and mean time between successive reorders are de¬rived: The optimum decision rules in the long run are also given, The results are illustrated numerically
Searches for RPV SUSY in ATLAS, CMS and LHCb

The traditional way of SUSY searches generally involve high missing transverse momentum because of the presence of the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP), which is stable and remains undetected. This kind of SUSY models are called R-parity conserving SUSY. But there is also alternative scenario, where the LSP is not stable any more and can decays to Standard Model particles. This is possible in R-parity violating SUSY models. In this report three such SUSY searches have been presented. From CMS, search for top squark pair production in events with two top quark and additional jets are reported. In this analysis Top squark masses up to 670 (870) GeV are excluded at 95% conﬁdence level for the RPV (stealth) scenario. From ATLAS, a search for R-parity-violating supersymmetry in ﬁnal states characterized by high jet multiplicity, at least one isolated light lepton and either zero or at least three b-tagged jets is presented. No signiﬁcant excess over the Standard Model expectation is observed and exclusion limits at the 95% conﬁdence level are extracted, reaching as high as 2.4 TeV in gluino mass, 1.35 TeV in top-squark mass, and 320 (365) GeV in higgsino (wino) mass. From LHCb, a search is performed for massive long-lived particles (LLP) decaying semileptonically into a muon and two quarks. No evidence of these long-lived states has been observed, and upper limits on the production cross-section times branching ratio have been set for each model considered.
Some recent results on drazin monotonicty of property n martices

If a square matrix has a nonnegarive power it is called a property-n matrix. In a recent paper [12] Werner derived some interesting necessary and sufficient conditions for a property n property-n matrix to be Drazin-montone. In particular, it was shown that a property -n matrix with ind(A) = k is Drazin-monotone if and only if A 2k+1 is weak-r-monotone. Our principal aim here is to show how this result can he strengthened considerably. To tackle this problem we also present several further results on the structure of Drazin-monotone (property-n) matrices.
Ion dynamics model for collisionless radio frequency sheaths

Full scale reactor model based on fluid equations is widely used to analyze high density plasma reactors. It is well known that the submillimeter scale sheath in front of a biased electrode supporting the wafer is difficult to resolve in numerical simulations, and the common practice is to use results for electric field from some form of analytical sheath model as boundary conditions for full scale reactor simulation. There are several sheath models in the literature ranging from Child’s law to a recent unified sheath model [P. A. Miller and M. E. Riley, J. Appl. Phys. 82, 3689 (1997)]. In the present work, the cold ion fluid equations in the radio frequency sheath are solved numerically to show that the spatiotemporal variation of ion flux inside the sheath, commonly ignored in analytical models, is important in determining the electric field and ion energy at the electrode. Consequently, a semianalytical model that includes the spatiotemporal variation of ion flux is developed for use as boundary condit.
Engineered Peptides Enable Biomimetic Route for Collagen Intrafibrillar Mineralization

Overcoming the short lifespan of current dental adhesives remains a significant clinical need. Adhesives rely on formation of the hybrid layer to adhere to dentin and penetrate within collagen fibrils. However, the ability of adhesives to achieve complete enclosure of demineralized collagen fibrils is recognized as currently unattainable. We developed a peptide-based approach enabling collagen intrafibrillar mineralization and tested our hypothesis on a type-I collagen-based platform. Peptide design incorporated collagen-binding and remineralization-mediating properties using the domain structure conservation approach. The structural changes from representative members of different peptide clusters were generated for each functional domain. Common signatures associated with secondary structure features and the related changes in the functional domain were investigated by attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, respectively. Assembly and remineralization properties of the peptides on the collagen platforms were studied using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Mechanical properties of the collagen fibrils remineralized by the peptide assemblies was studied using PeakForce-Quantitative Nanomechanics (PF-QNM)-AFM. The engineered peptide was demonstrated to offer a promising route for collagen intrafibrillar remineralization. This approach offers a collagen platform to develop multifunctional strategies that combine different bioactive peptides, polymerizable peptide monomers, and adhesive formulations as steps towards improving the long-term prospects of composite resins.
The Effect of Responsible Tourism Perception on Place Attachment and Support for Sustainable Tourism Development: The Moderator Role of Environmental Awareness

In this study, the effect of local people’s perceptions regarding responsible tourism on place attachment and the moderator role of environmental awareness in the effect of place attachment on support for sustainable tourism development has been determined. The research was conducted on local people in a sample of Antalya Manavgat, one of the most important tourism destinations in Turkey. The data were obtained through convenience sampling method, and the analysis was carried out with 482 questionnaires. The AMOS program was used to test the hypothetical model developed within the context of the research, and the Process macro (model 1) was preferred to determine the moderator effect. As a result of the evaluation, it has been found that the sub-dimensions of economic, social, and environmental perception positively affect the place attachment of local people, while the cultural perception sub-dimension has no effect. The effect of place attachment on support for sustainable tourism development is another finding of the study. Moreover, the moderator role of environmental awareness in the effect of place attachment on support for sustainable tourism development has also been determined.
Duality in the Ising Model on the Quasicrystals

The ferromagnetic Ising model on the dual Penrose lattice is simulated by the Monte Carlo method. Using a phenomenological Monte Carlo renormalization group based on finite-size scaling, the critical temperature and the magnetic critical exponent are estimated as T c / J =2.150±0.006 and y H =1.88±0.02. It is shown that the duality relation, sinh (2 J / T c )sinh (2 J / T c * )=1, between the critical temperature of the Ising model on a lattice T c and that on its dual lattice T c * holds for a quasiperiodic lattice in two dimensions as well as for a regular lattice.
User-Initiated Symptom Assessment With an Electronic Symptom Checker: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Validation Study

Background The national Omaolo digital social welfare and health care service of Finland provides a symptom checker, Omaolo, which is a medical device (based on Duodecim Clinical Decision Support EBMEDS software) with a CE marking (risk class IIa), manufactured by the government-owned DigiFinland Oy. Users of this service can perform their triage by using the questions in the symptom checker. By completing the symptom checker, the user receives a recommendation for action and a service assessment with appropriate guidance regarding their health problems on the basis of a selected specific symptom in the symptom checker. This allows users to be provided with appropriate health care services, regardless of time and place. Objective This study describes the protocol for the mixed methods validation process of the symptom checker available in Omaolo digital services. Methods This is a mixed methods study using quantitative and qualitative methods, which will be part of the clinical validation process that takes place in primary health care centers in Finland. Each organization provides a space where the study and the nurse triage can be done in order to include an unscreened target population of users. The primary health care units provide walk-in model services, where no prior phone call or contact is required. For the validation of the Omaolo symptom checker, case vignettes will be incorporated to supplement the triage accuracy of rare and acute cases that cannot be tested extensively in real-life settings. Vignettes are produced from a variety of clinical sources, and they test the symptom checker in different triage levels by using 1 standardized patient case example. Results This study plan underwent an ethics review by the regional permission, which was requested from each organization participating in the research, and an ethics committee statement was requested and granted from Pirkanmaa hospital district’s ethics committee, which is in accordance with the University of Tampere’s regulations. Of 964 clinical user–filled symptom checker assessments, 877 cases were fully completed with a triage result, and therefore, they met the requirements for clinical validation studies. The goal for sufficient data has been reached for most of the chief symptoms. Data collection was completed in September 2019, and the first feasibility and patient experience results were published by the end of 2020. Case vignettes have been identified and are to be completed before further testing the symptom checker. The analysis and reporting are estimated to be finalized in 2024. Conclusions The primary goals of this multimethod electronic symptom checker study are to assess safety and to provide crucial information regarding the accuracy and usability of the Omaolo electronic symptom checker. To our knowledge, this will be the first study to include real-life clinical cases along with case vignettes. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/41423
Software framework for automatic learning of telescope operation

The “Gran Telescopio de Canarias” (GTC) is an optical-infrared 10-meter segmented mirror telescope at the ORM observatory in Canary Islands (Spain). The GTC Control System (GCS) is a distributed object and component oriented system based on RT-CORBA and it is responsible for the operation of the telescope, including its instrumentation. The current development state of GCS is mature and fully operational. On the one hand telescope users as PI’s implement the sequences of observing modes of future scientific instruments that will be installed in the telescope and operators, in turn, design their own sequences for maintenance. On the other hand engineers develop new components that provide new functionality required by the system. This great work effort is possible to minimize so that costs are reduced, especially if one considers that software maintenance is the most expensive phase of the software life cycle. Could we design a system that allows the progressive assimilation of sequences of operation and maintenance of the telescope, through an automatic self-programming system, so that it can evolve from one Component oriented organization to a Service oriented organization? One possible way to achieve this is to use mechanisms of learning and knowledge consolidation to reduce to the minimum expression the effort to transform the specifications of the different telescope users to the operational deployments. This article proposes a framework for solving this problem based on the combination of the following tools: data mining, self-Adaptive software, code generation, refactoring based on metrics, Hierarchical Agglomerative Clustering and Service Oriented Architectures.
The local structure of turbulence in incompressible viscous fluid for very large Reynolds numbers

§1. We shall denote by uα(P) = uα (x1, x2, x3, t), α = 1, 2, 3, the components of velocity at the moment t at the point with rectangular cartesian coordinates x1, x2, x3. In considering the turbulence it is natural to assume the components of the velocity uα (P) at every point P = (x1, x2, x3, t) of the considered domain G of the four-dimensional space (x1, x2, x3, t) are random variables in the sense of the theory of probabilities (cf. for this approach to the problem Millionshtchikov (1939) Denoting by Ᾱ the mathematical expectation of the random variable A we suppose that ῡ2α and (duα /dxβ)2― are finite and bounded in every bounded subdomain of the domain G.
Hierarchical Patch Selection: An Improved Patch Sampling for No Reference Image Quality Assessment

Quality degradation due to the compression and the transmission of images is a significant threat to multimedia applications. Blind image quality assessment (BIQA) is a principal technique to measure the distortion and dynamically set the optimal parameters for developing image compression standards, image restoration algorithms, etc. Insufficient training data with quality scores are a challenge for image quality assessment (IQA) tasks. The existing solutions to deep-convolution-neural-network-based BIQA, which rely on patchwise training, struggle to find an ideal set of patches consistent with the human visual system. To address these issues, HIerarchical paTch Selection (HITS) is proposed. HITS keeps the patches with considerable details in each quadrant according to their intensity variance scatter ratio (IVSR). IVSR identifies the best nonhomogeneous patches by computing patch intensity variance. Extensive trials are conducted, and the performance reveals that the proposed approach achieves excellent performance on synthetic and authentic distortion datasets with less memory and processing power. Moreover, the proposed approach outperforms other BIQA methods that adapt patchwise training strategies.
Total Flavonoids of Rhizoma Drynariae Mitigates Aflatoxin B1-Induced Liver Toxicity in Chickens via Microbiota-Gut-Liver Axis Interaction Mechanisms

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a common mycotoxin that widely occurs in feed and has severe hepatotoxic effects both in humans and animals. Total flavonoids of Rhizoma Drynaria (TFRD), a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, have multiple biological activities and potential hepatoprotective activity. This study investigated the protective effects and potential mechanisms of TFRD against AFB1-induced liver injury. The results revealed that supplementation with TFRD markedly lessened broiler intestinal permeability by increasing the expression of intestinal tight junction proteins, as well as correcting the changes in gut microbiota and liver damage induced by AFB1. Metabolomics analysis revealed that the alterations in plasma metabolites, especially taurolithocholic acid, were significantly improved by TFRD treatment in AFB1-exposed chickens. In addition, these metabolites were closely associated with [Ruminococcus], ACC, and GPX1, indicating that AFB1 may cause liver injury by inducing bile acid metabolism involving the microbiota–gut–liver axis. We further found that TFRD treatment markedly suppressed oxidative stress and hepatic lipid deposition, increased plasma glutathione (GSH) concentrations, and reversed hepatic ferroptosis gene expression. Collectively, these findings indicate that ferroptosis might contribute to the hepatotoxicity of AFB1-exposed chickens through the microbiota–gut–liver axis interaction mechanisms; furthermore, TFRD was confirmed as an herbal extract that could potentially antagonize mycotoxins detrimental effects.
Thermodynamics of the extended Hubbard model in high dimensions.

The extended Hubbard model with on-site interaction U and nearest-neighbor interaction V/d is studied at half filling in high dimensions (d1). At small U and V the critical temperature and the order parameter are calculated including the 1/d corrections. The results differ from those obtained in the Hartree approximation by a factor of order unity. At V/U=1/2 a transition is found from an antiferromagnetic to a charge-density-wave phase. A similar transition is found at large U and V, suggesting that the transition is present for all U and V satisfying V/U=1/2
On possible signatures of heavy neutrino balls in active galactic nuclei

Mter the discovery of quasars, theories of active galactic nuclei (AGN) were constructed which focused on the investigation of gas dynamics in the gravitational potential of a black hole. In this paper we study the influence of a possible dark matter neutrino ball on the accretion process in AGN, and investigate possible observable signatures of such a ball which is supported by degeneracy pressure. We find that, if such balls exist in the vicinity of AGN, they will cause a bump in the IR region of the emitted spectrum which is, in fact, observed for several AGN. We also find that, if the bump corresponding to '" 1000 K in the spectrum of the typical radio-loud quasar 3C 273 is due to a neutrino ball, then our model implies a mass of the black hole of 10 8 Mo, a ball mass of 4 x 10 9 Mo and, in tum, a neutrino of mass
On the Use of Scattering Kernels to Calculate Ice Cloud Bulk Optical Properties

AbstractNonspherical ice crystal optical properties are of fundamental importance to atmospheric radiative transfer through an ice cloud and the remote sensing of its properties. In practice, the optical properties of individual ice crystals need to be integrated over particle size distributions to derive the bulk optical properties of ice clouds. Given a particle size distribution represented in terms of size bins, the conventional approach uses the microphysical and optical properties of ice crystals at the bin centers as approximations to the bin-averaged values. However, errors are incurred when the size bins are large. To reduce the potential errors, a kernel technique is utilized to calculate the bulk optical properties of ice clouds by computing the bin-averaged values instead of using the bin-center values. Comparisons between the solutions based on the conventional method and the kernel technique for different numbers of size bins from in situ measurements demonstrate that the results computed fr.
Counting points of bounded height on del Pezzosurfaces

del Pezzo surfaces are isomorphic to either P1×P1 or P blown up a times, where 0 ≤ a ≤ 8. We will look at lines on del Pezzo surfaces isomorphic to P blown up a times with 0 ≤ a ≤ 6. We will show that when we count points of bounded height on one of these surfaces, the number of points on lines give us the primary growth order, but the secondary growth order calculates the number of points on the rest of the surface and hence is a better representation of the geometry of the surface.
Convex programming: the minimum covering circle case

In convex programming, the primal minimum covering circle case is associated with a complex nonlinear constraint. This article introduces the definition of a convex function and applies the Wolfe duality to derive the equivalent Wolfe dual problem with a single linear constraint. According to the duality theorem and the geometric characterization, the Wolfe dual problem is of equivalence basically to the primal problem with a unique feasible solution. Meanwhile, since the decision variable is optimal, the Wolfe dual problem satisfies the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker conditions in terms of Lagrange conditions. Subsequently, this article proposes a simplistic two-point covering circle case as a visualized approach to furthermore discuss the principle of convex programming in the graphic demonstration. Nevertheless, the article utilizes the Wolfe objective function and the constraint for the multi-point covering circle problem to implement the minimum covering circle and sphere across 50 randomly generated points, briefly discussing its applications.