Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Association between Violent Behavior, Academic Performance, and Physical Activity According to Gender in Scholars

Background: Aggressive behaviors have increased in a worrying way all over the world, and this has been one more reason to be able to investigate what happens in schools. Its presence has been increasing in recent decades and, therefore, this issue has been approached from different points of view of society. The aim of this study was to analyze and establish the indices of aggressive behaviors and their possible association with gender, academic achievement, and the Physical Activity (PA) in schoolchildren aged 10–12 in Granada (Spain). Methods: Its design is descriptive and cross-sectional, the sample is 320 students, an ad-hoc questionnaire was used to establish socio-demographic variables, violent behavior (measured with the scale of violent behaviors), gender, academic performance, and PA. Results: The results showed that schoolchildren with higher levels of violent behaviors have been in the reactive and relational reactive manifest dimension, males are more assiduous to practice PA than females, and these were characterized by greater manifest and relational aggressiveness. However, they present higher average values in violent behaviors than they do if academic performance is taken into account. Conclusions: The main recommendation is the need to study, in greater depth, the active sports population in order to try to know the cause of these results.
Native secondary structure topology has near minimum contact energy among all possible geometrically constrained topologies

Secondary structure topology in this article refers to the order and the direction of the secondary structures, such as helices and strands, with respect to the protein sequence. Even when the locations of the secondary structure Cα atoms are known, there are still (N! 2N)(M! 2M) different possible topologies for a protein with N helices and M strands. This work explored the question if the native topology is likely to be identified among a large set of all possible geometrically constrained topologies through an evaluation of the residue contact energy formed by the secondary structures, instead of the entire chain. We developed a contact pair specific and distance specific multiwell function based on the statistical characterization of the side chain distances of 413 proteins in the Protein Data Bank. The multiwell function has specific parameters to each of the 210 pairs of residue contacts. We illustrated a general mathematical method to extend a single well function to a multiwell function to represent the statistical data. We have performed a mutation analysis using 50 proteins to generate all the possible geometrically constrained topologies of the secondary structures. The result shows that the native topology is within the top 25% of the list ranked by the effective contact energies of the secondary structures for all the 50 proteins, and is within the top 5% for 34 proteins. As an application, the method was used to derive the structure of the skeletons from a low resolution density map that can be obtained through electron cryomicroscopy. Proteins 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Studying Ad Library Integration Strategies of Top Free-to-Download Apps

In-app advertisements have become a major revenue source for app developers in the mobile app ecosystem. Ad libraries play an integral part in this ecosystem as app developers integrate these libraries into their apps to display ads. In this paper, we study ad library integration strategies by analyzing 35,459 updates of 1,837 top free-to-download apps of the Google Play Store. We observe that ad libraries (e.g., Google AdMob) are not always used for serving ads – 22.5% of the apps that integrate Google AdMob do not display ads. They instead depend on Google AdMob for analytical purposes. Among the apps that display ads, we observe that 57.9% of them integrate multiple ad libraries. We observe that such integration of multiple ad libraries occurs commonly in apps with a large number of downloads and ones in app categories with a high proportion of ad-displaying apps. We manually analyze a sample of apps and derive a set of rules to automatically identify four common strategies for integrating multiple ad libraries. Our analysis of the apps across the identified strategies shows that app developers prefer to manage their own integrations instead of using off-the-shelf features of ad libraries for integrating multiple ad libraries. Our findings are valuable for ad library developers who wish to learn first hand about the challenges of integrating ad libraries.
The Effect of Penicillin upon the Livability, Glycolysis, and Bacterial Content of Bovine Semen,

Summary 1. The addition of 250, 500, and 750 Oxford units of penicillin per ml. of diluted semen did not significantly reduce the ability of spermatozoa to maintain motility during a storage period of 20 days. Levels of penicillin ranging from 1,000 to 2,000 units per ml. of diluted semen brought about a significant decrease in spermatozoan livability during a 20-day storage period. 2. In routine artificial breeding, semen is seldom used after holding more than 6 days. When compared with untreated control samples, no significant decrease in maintenance of spermatozoan motility during a 6-day storage period occurred as the result of addition of 250, 500, 750, or 1,000 units of penicillin per ml. of diluted semen, but higher levels of penicillin were deleterious. 3. Within the limits of laboratory experiment, the relation between spermatozoan livability and level of penicillin is well represented by a straight line, the mean percentage of motile spermatozoa during storage for 20 days decreasing by 0.9 per cent for each additional 250 units of penicillin. 4. Penicillin depressed the utilization of glucose at all levels studied (250 to 2,000 units per ml. of diluted semen), while the amounts of lactic acid which accumulated were not significantly affected. Addition of penicillin increased the percentage of glucose utilized which was recovered as lactic acid. 5. Penicillin retarded bacterial growth at all levels in both freshly diluted semen and diluted semen stored for 8 days, whereas considerable growth was found in the semen without penicillin. The initial plate counts for the five ejaculates studied ranged from 200 to 960,000 bacteria per ml. of undiluted semen, with a mean of 364,000 bacteria per ml. 6. There was no appreciable loss in penicillin activity in diluted semen stored for 8 days and only a slight decrease in concentration after storage for 16 days at 4.5° C.
The Biosynthesis of Sulfur-Containing β-Lactam Antibiotics

THE BIOSYNTHETIC ROUTW,. 51 CHARACTERIZATION OF I3-LACTAM-SPECIFIC ENZyMES . 54 MECHANISMS CONTROLLING ONSET OF I3-LACTAM BIOSYNTHESIS . 58 Supply of a-Aminoadipic Acid . 58 Role of Sulfur Metabolism . 59 Cystathionine-'y-�yl! se in Actinomycetes That Produce Sulfur-Containing . AntlblOtlcs" . , . , . ,", 62 Role of S-Sulfocysteine and Cystathionine . 63 M ECHANISMS THAT AFFECT FLUX IN THE PATHWAy. 64 Carbon and Nitrogen Catabolite Regulation . 64 Compartmental Localization of End Products and Intermediates in the Pathway . , 65 MUTASYNTHESIS AND IN VITRO SUBSTRATE SPECIFICITIES OF PURIFIED ENZYMES . 66 FUTURE OUTLOOK . 69
Cytochrome P 450 2 C 19 loss-of-function polymorphism and stent thrombosis following percutaneous coronary intervention

CLINICAL RESEARCH Interventional cardiology and angiology
Decentralization Dilemma: Measuring the Degree and Evaluating the Outcomes

Though decentralization for past one and half decade or so has become the most favoured policy priority among the policy makers yet the countries around the world differ dramatically in the degree of decentralization that is accommodated. While diversity in degree of decentralization across the world is a fact yet there is no consensus in the empirical literature over the questions like ‘which country is more decentralized? ’ This is because decentralization is defined and measured differently in different studies. In fact, a true assessment of the degree of decentralization in a country can be made only if a comprehensive approach is adopted and rather than trying to simplify the syndrome of characteristics into the single dimension of autonomy, interrelationships of various dimensions of decentralization are taken into account. Thus it is to be realized that there is no simple one dimensional, quantifiable index of degree of decentralization in a given country. As there is wide diversity in the studies on degree of decentralization so is the case with the literature on outcomes of it. Outcome varies not only because decentralization can appear in various forms and combinations across countries but also because different instruments may have very different effects in different ccircumstances. Thus arriving at the precise definition of decentralization and associating it with particular outcomes is neither possible nor desirable for the simple reason that generalization of any kind can create pitfalls that can obscure rather than clarify the facts. What is more important is the need for a strictly contextual yet comprehensive approach while going beyond the blunt measures like expenditure decentralization and taking politics and institutional arrangements of the specific case under investigation also into account.
Off-Label Prescriptions of Low-Dose Quetiapine and Mirtazapine for Insomnia in The Netherlands

To the Editors: H ypnotics, such as benzodiazepines, are widely used to treat insomnia but have serious disadvantages, such as hangover effects on the next day, rapid development of tolerance, rebound insomnia upon drug discontinuation, and a high risk of misuse and abuse. Therefore, they should be used only for short time intervals. In The Netherlands, since 2009, benzodiazepines for the treatment of insomnia are no longer reimbursed in an attempt to reduce their use and lower health care costs. If prescribed, patients have to cover the cost of the medicines themselves. Possibly in search of an alternative, the prescription rate of low doses of other psychotropic medication with sedative effects seems to increase. In particular, quetiapine and mirtazapine are used “off-label” (OL), thus without regulatory approval, to treat sleep difficulties, but little is known about prescribing patterns. For quetiapine, an antipsychotic drug on the market since 1997, the recommended dose range for the licensed indications is 150 to 800 mg/d. Yet, 54% of the total quetiapine prescriptions in 2010 in England were for the 25 mg tablet. There are only limited data supporting the use of low doses of quetiapine in patients suffering from insomnia. One study in healthy volunteers and 2 in patients with insomnia found shortened sleep latency and increased total sleep time. Mirtazapine, on the market since 1994, is used to treat depression in a recommended dose range between 30 and 45 mg/d. In clinical practice, doses of 15 mg or less are used to improve sleep. Of the prescriptions for insomnia in the United States, 45% concerned OL antidepressants, frequently mirtazapine. Studies of mirtazapine in doses between 15 and 60 mg in insomniacs showed increased total sleep time and improved sleep efficiency. Adverse effects of the chronic use of low doses of quetiapine and mirtazapine have been reported, although this has not been thoroughly investigated. Both drugs have been associated with daytime sleepiness and weight gain in clinical studies. Case reports describe restless legs syndrome, akathisia, and hepatotoxicity for low-dose quetiapine and
2 Algorithms for Posterior Sampling 2 . 1 A computational problem ? Which computational problem ?

2 Algorithms for Posterior Sampling 3 2.1 A computational problem? Which computational problem? 3 2.2 Gibbs sampling . 3 2.3 Metropolis–Hastings schemes . 8 2.4 Reversible jump MCMC . 10 2.5 Sequential Monte Carlo . 10 2.6 Nested sampling . 11
Towards identifying software project clusters with regard to defect prediction

Background: This paper describes an analysis that was conducted on newly collected repository with 92 versions of 38 proprietary, open-source and academic projects. A preliminary study perfomed before showed the need for a further in-depth analysis in order to identify project clusters. Aims: The goal of this research is to perform clustering on software projects in order to identify groups of software projects with similar characteristic from the defect prediction point of view. One defect prediction model should work well for all projects that belong to such group. The existence of those groups was investigated with statistical tests and by comparing the mean value of prediction efficiency. Method: Hierarchical and k-means clustering, as well as Kohonen's neural network was used to find groups of similar projects. The obtained clusters were investigated with the discriminant analysis. For each of the identified group a statistical analysis has been conducted in order to distinguish whether this group really exists. Two defect prediction models were created for each of the identified groups. The first one was based on the projects that belong to a given group, and the second one - on all the projects. Then, both models were applied to all versions of projects from the investigated group. If the predictions from the model based on projects that belong to the identified group are significantly better than the all-projects model (the mean values were compared and statistical tests were used), we conclude that the group really exists. Results: Six different clusters were identified and the existence of two of them was statistically proven: 1) cluster proprietary B -- T=19, p=0.035, r=0.40; 2) cluster proprietary/open - t(17)=3.18, p=0.05, r=0.59. The obtained effect sizes (r) represent large effects according to Cohen's benchmark, which is a substantial finding. Conclusions: The two identified clusters were described and compared with results obtained by other researchers. The results of this work makes next step towards defining formal methods of reuse defect prediction models by identifying groups of projects within which the same defect prediction model may be used. Furthermore, a method of clustering was suggested and applied.
ENCUESTA SOBRE LAS PERSONAS SIN HOGAR (EPSH-Personas)

LEY DE ESTADÍSTICADE LACOMUNIDADAUTÓNOMADE EUSKADI: -Artículos 9 al 16: en relación con la Ley del Plan Vasco de Estadística, Vd. está obligado a suministrar la información estadística que se le requiere. -Artículos 19 al 23: todos los datos suministrados quedan amparados por el secreto estadístico. 061004 en el Decreto 89/2011, de 10 de mayo, del Programa Estadístico Anual 2011 y, a 1. Provincia . 2. Municipio . 3. Código del centro . 4. Dirección . 5. Tipo de Servicio del centro .
Mixed signals and cross‐talk: interactions between plants, insect herbivores and plant pathogens

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Accumulating Design Knowledge: A Mechanisms-Based Approach

We develop an empirically grounded understanding of how design knowledge accumulates over time. Drawing from theory on knowledge creation, we conceptualize accumulation along the goals and scope of knowledge in DSR as a distinct knowledge creation problem. Through two empirical studies, we theorize knowledge accumulation in DSR by unpacking (1) three knowledge creation mechanisms, and (2) explaining how their interplay forms different patterns of knowledge creation over time. We contribute a theoretical framework conducive to integrating knowledge produced through different methods by introducing the knowledge creation processes as a distinct unit of analysis in DSR and by pointing out that extant procedural models may need revision to account for the continuous knowledge creation occurring in potentially multiyear DSR projects. on posture, machine learning, and physiotherapy into components a which transmits the posture data (angles) our an] accelerometer, which fuses the collected axis and generates a precise Motion Processor)”
Tidal asymmetry and residual sediment transport in estuaries: A literature study and application to the Western Scheldt

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Live agent preference and social action monitoring in the macaque mid-superior temporal sulcus region

Significance During live social interactions, there is increased demand for mentalizing about others to cope with otherwise unpredictable manifestations of their behavior. Anatomically, the middle superior temporal sulcus (mid-STS) region is hypothesized to be the macaque homologue of the human temporoparietal junction (TPJ), a key node in the mentalizing network. However, whether the macaque mid-STS is the functional homologue of the human TPJ is unknown. Here, we provide single-neuron evidence that the two areas share similar properties in social cognitive functions despite differences in anatomical landmarks. Our findings demonstrate that mid-STS neurons have a preference for task performance with live over video-recorded partners and encode errors in the prediction of partners’ actions, both aspects being cardinal features of the human TPJ. Mentalizing, the ability to infer the mental states of others, is a cornerstone of adaptive social intelligence. While functional brain mapping of human mentalizing has progressed considerably, its evolutionary signature in nonhuman primates remains debated. The discovery that the middle part of the macaque superior temporal sulcus (mid-STS) region has a connectional fingerprint most similar to the human temporoparietal junction (TPJ)—a crucial node in the mentalizing network—raises the possibility that these cortical areas may also share basic functional properties associated with mentalizing. Here, we show that this is the case in aspects of a preference for live social interactions and in a theoretical framework of predictive coding. Macaque monkeys were trained to perform a turn-taking choice task with another real monkey partner sitting directly face-to-face or a filmed partner appearing in prerecorded videos. We found that about three-fourths of task-related mid-STS neurons exhibited agent-dependent activity, most responding selectively or preferentially to the partner’s action. At the population level, activities of these partner-type neurons were significantly greater under live-partner compared to video-recorded–partner task conditions. Furthermore, a subset of the partner-type neurons responded proactively when predictions about the partner’s action were violated. This prediction error coding was specific to the action domain; almost none of the neurons signaled error in the prediction of reward. The present findings highlight unique roles of the macaque mid-STS at the single-neuron level and further delineate its functional parallels with the human TPJ in social cognitive processes associated with mentalizing.
Continuous Mapping Identifies Loci Associated With Weevil Resistance [Cosmopolites sordidus (Germar)] in a Triploid Banana Population

The first step toward marker-assisted selection is linking the phenotypes to molecular markers through quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis. While the process is straightforward in self-pollinating diploid (2x) species, QTL analysis in polyploids requires unconventional methods. In this study, we have identified markers associated with weevil Cosmopolites sordidus (Germar) resistance in bananas using 138 triploid (2n = 3x) hybrids derived from a cross between a tetraploid “Monyet” (2n = 4x) and a 2x “Kokopo” (2n = 2x) banana genotypes. The population was genotyped by Diversity Arrays Technology Sequencing (DArTSeq), resulting in 18,009 polymorphic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) between the two parents. Marker–trait association was carried out by continuous mapping where the adjusted trait means for the corm peripheral damage (PD) and total cross-section damage (TXD), both on the logit scale, were regressed on the marker allele frequencies. Forty-four SNPs that were associated with corm PD were identified on the chromosomes 5, 6, and 8, with 41 of them located on chromosome 6 and segregated in “Kokopo. ” Eleven SNPs associated with corm total TXD were identified on chromosome 6 and segregated in “Monyet. ” The additive effect of replacing one reference allele with the alternative allele was determined at each marker position. The PD QTL was confirmed using conventional QTL linkage analysis in the simplex markers segregating in “Kokopo” (AAAA × RA). We also identified 43 putative genes in the vicinity of the markers significantly associated with the two traits. The identified loci associated with resistance to weevil damage will be used in the efforts of developing molecular tools for marker-assisted breeding in bananas.