Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Horizontal principal stress orientation in the Costa Rica Seismogenesis Project (CRISP) transect from borehole breakouts

The Costa Rica Seismogenesis Project (CRISP) drilled the Pacific margin of the Middle America Trench just north of where the Cocos Ridge enters the subduction zone, resulting in basal erosion of the upper plate. Here we report the orientations of the maximum horizontal principal stress (SHmax) from borehole breakouts detected by logging‐while‐drilling and wireline downhole measurements. All SHmax directions were estimated in the sediment cover of the margin, above the deeper rocks of the deformed margin wedge. We observe three overall SHmax orientations: NNE‐SSW (25° azimuth) in the deepest interval drilled at the upper slope Site U1379; ENE‐WSW (82°) in the rest of Site U1379 and in Site U1413, also drilled in the upper slope; and NNW‐SSE (157°) in the mid‐slope Site U1378. Our preferred interpretation is that the deepest interval of Site U1379 records the stress conditions in the underlying margin wedge, as SHmax is parallel to the direction of the Cocos‐Caribbean plate convergence and of the compressional axes of plate boundary fault earthquakes. The variable SHmax directions observed elsewhere are likely due to the effect of a network of normal faults that subdivide the sediment cover into a number of independently deforming blocks. In addition, the observed SHmax directions may be influenced by the subducting Cocos Ridge, which acts as an indenter causing oblique deformation, and by the transition to seismogenic subduction along the plate boundary fault.
Activation of Purine Biosynthesis Suppresses the Sensitivity of E. coli gmhA Mutant to Antibiotics

Inactivation of enzymes responsible for biosynthesis of the cell wall component of ADP-glycero-manno-heptose causes the development of oxidative stress and sensitivity of bacteria to antibiotics of a hydrophobic nature. The metabolic precursor of ADP-heptose is sedoheptulose-7-phosphate (S7P), an intermediate of the non-oxidative branch of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), in which ribose-5-phosphate and NADPH are generated. Inactivation of the first stage of ADP-heptose synthesis (ΔgmhA) prevents the outflow of S7P from the PPP, and this mutant is characterized by a reduced biosynthesis of NADPH and of the Glu-Cys-Gly tripeptide, glutathione, molecules known to be involved in the resistance to oxidative stress. We found that the derepression of purine biosynthesis (∆purR) normalizes the metabolic equilibrium in PPP in ΔgmhA mutants, suppressing the negative effects of gmhA mutation likely via the over-expression of the glycine–serine pathway that is under the negative control of PurR and might be responsible for the enhanced synthesis of NADPH and glutathione. Consistently, the activity of the soxRS system, as well as the level of glutathionylation and oxidation of proteins, indicative of oxidative stress, were reduced in the double ΔgmhAΔpurR mutant compared to the ΔgmhA mutant.
Some insights on the future of project management in public administration

Public project management, as in other sectors, will develop intensively due to the general tendency to projectification of many areas of the organization's activity. In deciding on the implementation of public sector projects, the influence of interested communities should increase to the detriment of politicians. The role of governments should change: from concluding contracts and enforcing their implementation on an arms-length basis, organizations will be created to support contractors in carrying out their work, and especially in solving the problems they encounter. Public projects will be implemented for ever smaller groups of recipients, even for individual citizens. Project management communities and associations will be more focused on the needs of public administration, which will result in the creation of specialized methodologies and standards for the public sector. The project management community will take a more significant account of cross-sectoral differences in its research. As a result, knowledge about project management will be popularized in the public administration environment, which in turn will contribute to more effective implementation of public projects for the benefit of their individuals, communities, and whole societies.
Interactive effects of ocean acidification and water flow on growth and recruitment of early successional coralline algal communities

ABSTRACT Coralline algae play crucial roles in near-shore ecosystems but are susceptible to ocean acidification (OA). It has been hypothesized that low water velocity, allowing localized photosynthesis-driven pH-increases in the coralline surface boundary layer, could buffer against the negative impacts of OA. To test how water motion affected the sensitivity of coralline algae to OA, coralline communities (from 2 m and 10 m depth) were grown for 220 days at two pH levels (present-day: pH 8.03, OA: pH 7.65) under differing inflow rates (400, 200 and 100 ml min–1) providing water velocities of 2.7, 5.9 and 7.8 cm s–1. Communities from both depths were grown together, photographed to assess growth, and the resulting recruitment was evaluated at the experiment’s conclusion. Low seawater pH reduced growth by c. 11% (highest flow), further decreased by >23% under the lowest flow. This reduction resulted in differential outcomes for the two depths, with skeletal net-dissolution under the combination of low flow and pH 7.65 for 10 m communities. Furthermore, there was a synergistic interaction between the effects of flow and pH, whereby the negative effect of OA strengthened under low flow, with recruitment halved at pH 7.65. This demonstrates that OA impacts can be modulated by the flow environment. Surprisingly, increased flow rates/water velocities reduced negative impacts of low pH, thus further challenging the notion that slow flow habitats offer protection from OA. The observed interactions between water flow and OA on early successional communities and their recruits may hold implications for the future of rocky reef systems dominated by these communities.
Multi-Level Interaction Based Knowledge Graph Completion

With the continuous emergence of new knowledge, Knowledge Graph (KG) typically suffers from the incompleteness problem, hindering the performance of downstream applications. Thus, Knowledge Graph Completion (KGC) has attracted considerable attention. However, existing KGC methods usually capture the coarse-grained information by directly interacting with the entity and relation, ignoring the important fine-grained information in them. To capture the fine-grained information, in this paper, we divide each entity/relation into several segments and propose a novel Multi-Level Interaction (MLI) based KGC method, which simultaneously interacts with the entity and relation at the fine-grained level and the coarse-grained level. The fine-grained interaction module applies the Gate Recurrent Unit (GRU) mechanism to guarantee the sequentiality between segments, which facilitates the fine-grained feature interaction and does not obviously sacrifice the model complexity. Moreover, the coarse-grained interaction module designs a High-order Factorized Bilinear (HFB) operation to facilitate the coarse-grained interaction between the entity and relation by applying the tensor factorization based multi-head mechanism, which still effectively reduces its parameter scale. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves state-of-the-art performances on the link prediction task over five well-established knowledge graph completion benchmarks.
Relief Degree of Land Surface in China at County Level Based on GIS and Its Correlation between Population Density and Economic Development

Based on the summarization of the condition and progress in the field of the relief degree of land surface (RDLS) research, for the necessity of natural environment evaluation of human settlements, by using the window-analysis method, this paper extracts the RDLS of China at county level and systematically analyzes the spatial distribution rules of RDLS at county level and its correlation between population density and economic density. The results show that: the RDLS of county in the west is higher than that of the east and the RDLS of the south is higher than that of the north, which reflects the Three Steps of Chinese Topography well in general. More than 50 percent counties in China the RDLS is lower than 1 (altitude is lower than 1000m), which shows that the majority of RDLS in China at county level is low. More than 70 percent people in China(2005) lived in counties where the RDLS is lower than 1 and the R2 value for the logarithmic correlation between RDLS and population density at county level is 0.69, which shows that the RDLS at county level is an important factor affecting the distribution of population within counties. While in counties where the RDLS is lower than 1 the GDP (2005) of which accounts for 85.41 percent of all and the R2 value for the exponential correlation between RDLS and economic density at county level is 0.74, which illustrates that the RDLS of county has a remarkable influence on county's economic development.
Chinese herbal medicine and active ingredients for diabetic cardiomyopathy: molecular mechanisms regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress

Abstract Background: Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is one of the serious microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus. It is often associated with clinical manifestations such as arrhythmias and heart failure, and significantly reduces the quality of life and years of survival of patients. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) is the removal of unfolded and misfolded proteins and is an important mechanism for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. ERS plays an important role in the pathogenesis of DCM by causing cardiomyocyte apoptosis, insulin resistance, calcium imbalance, myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis. Targeting ERS is a new direction in the treatment of DCM. A large number of studies have shown that Chinese herbal medicine and active ingredients can significantly improve the clinical outcome of DCM patients through intervention in ERS and effects on myocardial structure and function, which has become one of the hot research directions. Purpose: The aim of this review is to elucidate and summarize the roles and mechanisms of Chinese herbal medicine and active ingredients that have the potential to modulate endoplasmic reticulum stress, thereby contributing to better management of DCM. Methods: Databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Internet, and Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform were used to search, analyze, and collect literature, in order to review the mechanisms by which phytochemicals inhibit the progression of DCM by targeting the ERS and its key signaling pathways. Keywords used included “diabetic cardiomyopathy” and “endoplasmic reticulum stress. ” Results: This review found that Chinese herbs and their active ingredients can regulate ERS through IRE1, ATF6, and PERK pathways to reduce cardiomyocyte apoptosis, ameliorate myocardial fibrosis, and attenuate myocardial hypertrophy for the treatment of DCM. Conclusion: A comprehensive source of information on potential ERS inhibitors is provided in this review. The analysis of the literature suggests that Chinese herbal medicine and its active ingredients can be used as potential drug candidates for the treatment of DCM. In short, we cannot ignore the role of traditional Chinese medicine in regulating ERS and treating DCM, and look forward to more research and new drugs to come.
Symbiotic germination in orchids: An overview of ex situ and in situ symbiotic seed germination

Plant family Orchidaceae is well-known in the global floriculture market for its beauty, long-lasting flowers, and exquisite variation in flower colour, shape, size, foliage form, and texture. They are thought to be one of the most varied and evolved vascular flowering plants. Orchids produce millions of dust-like seeds in a pod, but they have a unique and persistent problem with seed propagation due to a lack of food reserve ‘endosperm’ in their minuscule seeds, which often fail to germinate in a natural environment without being in symbiotic association with compatible mycorrhizal fungi. Symbiotic seed germination takes advantage of the fungal-orchid symbiosis interaction, in which orchid seeds are germinated in different growth media after being inoculated with orchid mycorrhizal fungi. It has been one of the most important and commonly used propagation techniques for orchid conservation and reintroduction programmes around the world. Prior to the introduction of the in situ technique in the early 1990s, symbiotic seed germination was performed using an ex situ procedure. The in situ technique was designed to improve the efficiency of orchid seed propagation and reduce acclimatisation challenges during the reintroduction programme. It emphasises germination in natural environmental settings, with the idea that the presence of suitable fungi in the surrounding environment can influence germination. In situ symbiotic germination is a relatively recent technique that has evolved over time and continues to be with increased interest and research in this area. This review article is an attempt to provide an overview of symbiotic seed germination in orchids- ex-situ and in situ techniques
Empowering Domain Experts With Formal Methods for Consistency Verification of Safety Requirements

Consistency verification of safety requirements is crucial for the success of safety-critical systems, particularly railway systems. However, this task often requires significant time spent on interaction and communication between domain experts, who possess in-depth knowledge of safety requirements in a specific domain, and formal experts, who have the necessary skills to apply verification tools and techniques. To enhance time efficiency and productivity, we propose an approach to empower domain experts with formal methods for verifying safety requirements’ consistency. This involves transforming natural requirements into formal models and using formal methods for verification. The approach also localizes inconsistent requirements to provide feedback to domain experts. Communication between domain experts and formal experts can be facilitated through the pattern language SafeNL. By adopting this approach, domain experts can utilize formal verification without extensive consultation with formal experts. Two practical case studies with CASCO Signal Ltd. validate its effectiveness, practicality, as well as a significant reduction of time compared to traditional methods (at least 90% reduction). This reduction in time is primarily due to reduced communication needs and more efficient localization. Evaluations show that SafeNL is user-friendly and the approach performs well in modular systems while scalability is somewhat limited.
A new RoBERTa-based criminal case recommendation method

This paper proposes a new criminal case recommendation method based on RoBERTa and BiLSTM for the similarity matching task of Chinese judicial documents. The method first uses the UIE model to extract entities, relations, events, sentiments and other information from the judicial documents as the semantic representation of the documents. Then, it uses the pre-trained RoBERTa model to encode the semantic representation of the documents and obtain the semantic vectors of the documents. Next, it uses the BiLSTM model to align and fuse the semantic vectors of two documents and obtain the similarity vector of the documents. Finally, it uses cosine similarity to output the most similar cases. The paper conducts experiments on a self-built dataset and shows that the proposed method outperforms the commonly used traditional models on the criminal case recommendation task, with high accuracy and recall, and can effectively improve the quality and efficiency of case recommendation.
A water quality computation in the uniform reservoir

Abstract In this research, two mathematical models are used to simulate pollution due to sewage effluent in the uniform reservoir with varied current velocity. The first is the hydrodynamic model that provides the velocity field and elevation of the water flow. The second is the dispersion model that gives the pollutant concentration fields. In the simulating processes, we used the Lax-Wendroff method to system of hydrodynamic model and the forward in time and backward in space technique to the dispersion model. The accuracy of the models is tested by the illustrative example.
Development and Pilot Implementation of Neotree, a Digital Quality Improvement Tool Designed to Improve Newborn Care and Survival in 3 Hospitals in Malawi and Zimbabwe: Cost Analysis Study

Background Two-thirds of the 2.4 million newborn deaths that occurred in 2020 within the first 28 days of life might have been avoided by implementing existing low-cost evidence-based interventions for all sick and small newborns. An open-source digital quality improvement tool (Neotree) combining data capture with education and clinical decision support is a promising solution for this implementation gap. Objective We present results from a cost analysis of a pilot implementation of Neotree in 3 hospitals in Malawi and Zimbabwe. Methods We combined activity-based costing and expenditure approaches to estimate the development and implementation cost of a Neotree pilot in 1 hospital in Malawi, Kamuzu Central Hospital (KCH), and 2 hospitals in Zimbabwe, Sally Mugabe Central Hospital (SMCH) and Chinhoyi Provincial Hospital (CPH). We estimated the costs from a provider perspective over 12 months. Data were collected through expenditure reports, monthly staff time-use surveys, and project staff interviews. Sensitivity and scenario analyses were conducted to assess the impact of uncertainties on the results or estimate potential costs at scale. A pilot time-motion survey was conducted at KCH and a comparable hospital where Neotree was not implemented. Results Total cost of pilot implementation of Neotree at KCH, SMCH, and CPH was US $37,748, US $52,331, and US $41,764, respectively. Average monthly cost per admitted child was US $15, US $15, and US $58, respectively. Staff costs were the main cost component (average 73% of total costs, ranging from 63% to 79%). The results from the sensitivity analysis showed that uncertainty around the number of admissions had a significant impact on the costs in all hospitals. In Malawi, replacing monthly web hosting with a server also had a significant impact on the costs. Under routine (nonresearch) conditions and at scale, total costs are estimated to fall substantially, up to 76%, reducing cost per admitted child to as low as US $5 in KCH, US $4 in SMCH, and US $14 in CPH. Median time to admit a baby was 27 (IQR 20-40) minutes using Neotree (n=250) compared to 26 (IQR 21-30) minutes using paper-based systems (n=34), and the median time to discharge a baby was 9 (IQR 7-13) minutes for Neotree (n=246) compared to 3 (IQR 2-4) minutes for paper-based systems (n=50). Conclusion Neotree is a time- and cost-efficient tool, comparable with the results from limited similar mHealth decision-support tools in low- and middle-income countries. Implementation costs of Neotree varied substantially between the hospitals, mainly due to hospital size. The implementation costs could be substantially reduced at scale due to economies of scale because of integration to the health systems and reductions in cost items such as staff and overhead. More studies assessing the impact and cost-effectiveness of large-scale mHealth decision-support tools are needed.
A twisted class number formula and Gross’s special units over an imaginary quadratic field

Let F / k be a finite abelian extension of number fields with k imaginary quadratic. Let O _ F be the ring of integers of F and n ⩾ 2 a rational integer. We construct a submodule in the higher odd-degree algebraic K -groups of O _ F using corresponding Gross’s special elements. We show that this submodule is of finite index and prove that this index can be computed using the higher “twisted” class number of F , which is the cardinal of the finite algebraic K -group K _2 n −2( O _ F ).
EM-LSD-Based Visual-Inertial Odometry With Point-Line Feature

Conventional point feature-based visual simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) is difficult to find reliable point feature to estimate camera pose in a structured low-texture environment. In contrast, line features are competent to work in such environment due to their advantage of expressing structural features. The line feature detection algorithm used in the current point-line fusion SLAM algorithm, such as line segment detection (LSD) algorithm suffer from massive, short-line feature, and long disconnected lines, which dramatically decrease the accuracy of pose estimation. Therefore, we propose a novel line feature detection method, named elimination, merging-line segment detection (EM-LSD), to obtain high-quality line features by the strategy of short-line rejection and approximate line segment merging. In addition, we tightly couple inertial measurement unit (IMU) and visual measurement at the back end. Furthermore, we optimize the state by minimizing the cost function that contains the information of IMU and point-line features. Finally, we perform experimental validation on the EuRoC and TUM VI dataset, and the experimental results show that our proposed EM-LSD algorithm can significantly improve the quality of extracted line features, and our proposed visual-inertial odometry algorithm can obtain higher localization accuracy than the state-of-the-art SLAM algorithm of the same type, PL-VINS.
Tracing the origins and tracking the movements of invasive rubber vines (Cryptostegia spp., Apocynaceae)

Cryptostegia grandiflora and C. madagascariensis (Apocynaceae) are the only two species of this Madagascan plant genus. Both have been transported around the world as ornamentals due to their attractive flowers and based on a perceived potential as sources of rubber – hence, the common name rubber vine – because of their copious latex, which also contains toxic cardiac glycosides. As a result of their vigorous growth and ability to climb over and smother vegetation, both species have become invasive, posing an actual or potential threat to native ecosystems in many tropical and sub-tropical countries, as well as to human and animal health. Classical biological control (CBC), or the introduction of co-evolved natural enemies to control an invasive alien species in its exotic range, has successfully been used to tackle C. grandiflora in northern Queensland, Australia. This strategy is currently being evaluated for its suitability to manage C. madagascariensis in north-eastern Brazil using the same Madagascan rust fungus, Maravalia cryptostegiae, released as a CBC agent in Australia. For CBC to be successful, it is critical to understand the taxonomy of the invader as well as the origin(s) of its weedy biotype(s) in order to select the best-matched co-evolved natural enemies. Based on an exhaustive search in published and unpublished sources, we summarise the taxonomy and uses of these rubber vines, follow their historical movements and track their earliest records and current weed status in more than 80 countries and territories around the world.