Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Uplink transmission with multiuser scheduling in non‐stand‐alone cellular network using virtual MIMO system

5G architecture allows the use of new radio alongside long‐term evolution‐A (LTE‐Advanced) and enables cellular mobile networks to handle extraordinarily high traffic volume data. The major challenge in current uplink data transmission systems is making resource blocks (RBs) available in a continuous form and assigning them to active users in an optimum manner to improve the system's spectral efficiency. The best N‐subset (BNS) minimization technique is suggested to identify the best of the best continuous chunks of RBs from the existing system bandwidth, followed by a modified recursive maximum expansion (RME) algorithm to assign RBs to users in the most optimal manner. The algorithm together is referred to as a multiuser uplink scheduler BNSRME algorithm. A constraint utility maximization problem is formulated to allocate RBs to UEs in the most optimized manner. Utility matrix is then converted into a weighted sum‐rate maximization problem allowing weights to be updated adaptively based on marginal utility values. In addition, a threshold limit is considered based on the signal‐to‐noise ratio in the BNSRME‐TH algorithm, which satisfies multiusers in terms of assigned resources and improves system performance, spectral efficiency, and throughput. This MU scheduling strategy is used in the 5G uplink non‐stand‐alone cellular network. The findings exhibit that the proposed multiuser algorithm increases system spectral efficiency by 31.65% in comparison with the existing opportunistic algorithms. It has been observed that the performance of the system is further increased by using the MU‐MIMO framework.
A Study of future analysis of 4G and 5G Communication
Networks

The fifth generation (5G) of mobile cellular communications is intended to be a unified system that can support many contributors while upholding service quality. The linked sources network 5G is regarded as the wireless industry's following step after taking into account today's instructions, which incorporate amazing strategies for effectively utilising sources to cover the above frequency range. Various surveys on prospective characteristics that could be included in the currently under debate 5G technology have been completed, and the 4G LTE specification has also been finalised. In recent years, cellular services have expanded quickly, improving in many facets, including rates, customers, information, and capabilities. As stated and based on data and information gathered from the obtainable discussion related, this research provides an overview of potential modifications to the current architecture as well as likely updated attractive attributes expected in 5G technology. The final effect clearly demonstrates the difference between advances 4G LTE and 5G.
Release of Lettuce Seed Thermodormancy by Plant Growth Regulators Applied in Organic Solvent1

The emergence of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. cvs. Grand Rapids and Mesa 659) seeds was enhanced by the pre-sowing permeation via acetone of growth regulators into the dry seeds. Emergence of photosensitive ‘Grand Rapids’ seeds from soil medium at moderate temperatures (20-18°C) was enhanced by permeation with gibberellic acid (GA3) alone. At supraoptimal soil temperatures, emergence of both cultivars was enhanced most effectively by a combination of GA3, kinetin and (2-chloroethyl phosphonic acid) ethephon).
Investigate the Effectiveness of Coir and Rice husk filler on
the mechanical and water absorption behaviour of Kevlar
fiber based composite Materials

Hybrid composite plastic products have increasingly supplanted traditional cad materials in an array of applications, most notably automotive as well as domestic appliances. As sales grow, variations are all being integrated into traditional fabrics for particular purposes in order to reduce energy consumption while maintaining quality requirements. The latest research aims to look into the impact of additives mostly on the magnetic strength of fibres. Organic granules such as agricultural residues, grain hulls, as well as coir fibre are used in man-made fibre reinforced composites. Polyimide as well as epoxy adhesives were employed to examine the impact of lattice upon the characteristics of man-made fibers. Organic additives were discovered to be more effective in polypropylene (PP) blends. Overall, matrix composites with coconut shell outperform both these natural fillers throughout crystal blends in regards to their mechanical properties.
Size Effect in SnO2/Al2O3 Core/Shell Nanowires after Battery Cycling

Full utilization of the high storage capacity of conversion electrode materials as tin oxide (SnO2) in lithium‐ion batteries is hindered by the high volumetric expansion due to the high lithium storability which can lead to major cell damage and consequent safety issues. To overcome this issue, two promising approaches, nanostructures and buffer layers, are combined and evaluated. SnO2 nanowires (NWs) are coated with an aluminum oxide (Al2O3) buffer layer to investigate the combination SnO2–Al2O3. Strong differences in the crystallinity after cycling between the SnO2/Al2O3 core/shell NW‐based heterostructure and uncoated SnO2 NWs based on detailed structural analysis are shown via transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and determination of the elemental distribution of tin, oxygen, lithium, and aluminum via energy‐dispersive X‐Ray spectroscopy and energy‐filtered TEM in the as‐prepared and postmortem nanostructures. The core/shell NWs exhibit two different states after charge/discharge cycling, amorphous or crystalline, depending on the NW diameter; for the uncoated SnO2 NWs, only an amorphous postmortem structure is found. Additionally, differences in the elemental distribution for the amorphous and crystalline postmortem SnO2/Al2O3 core/shell NWs, especially for tin, are measured. Consequently, the structures and effects of the Al2O3 coating on the lithiation behavior of SnO2 NW‐based heterostructures are discussed.
An Overview to Exploring Biofilm and Antibiofilm Formation Approaches

Bacteria that form sticky material around the surface and aggregate into matrix with each other are known as biofilms. They comprises different components like clumps of microbes, their flocculants and porous material in which they adhere and form a unique structure. Only some natural multicellular communities have ability to produce the biofilms. Biofilm is a sticky material, and it is organized by microand macro-colonies that cannot be easily removed without rinsing. At first stage of attachment, bacteria produce extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). In some cases, biofilm formation is not considered as a good property of bacteria. Therefore, some antibiofilm formation approaches (Enzyme action, Photodynamic therapy, Nanoparticles and Aptamers) are utilized to stop this process. Production of antibiofilm formation agents with antibacterial activity is the most significant approach that can be utilized for various purposes.
Maximizing Entropy Yields Spatial Scaling in Social Networks

In addition to the well known common properties such as small world and community structures, recent empirical investigations suggest a universal scaling law f or the spatial structure of social networks. It is found that the probability density distribution of an ind ividual to have a friend at distance r scales as P(r) /r −1 . The basic principle that yields this spatial scaling prope rty is not yet understood. Here we propose a fundamental origin for this law based on the concept of entropy. We show that this spatial scaling law can result from maximization of information entropy, which means individuals seek to maximize the diversity of their friendships. Such spatial distribution can benefit individuals significantly in optimally collecting information in a social network.
Formation of Alfvén Wave Ducts by Magnetotail Flow Bursts

Geomagnetic activity in Earth's outer magnetosphere stimulates intense and sometimes explosive flows of electromagnetic power propagating earthward as Alfvén waves. Observations show that among its various magnetospheric sources, Alfvénic Poynting flux from the magnetotail reaches the ionosphere with the greatest intensity. Dayside fluxes are statistically weaker though more persistent. Flankside fluxes are weakest. We show using global magnetohydrodynamic simulations that these distributions can be attributed to the formation (or not) of meridionally narrow, relatively uniform, low Alfvén conductance channels that efficiently transmit Alfvénic power to the near‐Earth space. These Alfvén ducts form naturally at the heads of flow bursts in the magnetotail but not in flankside flux tubes, where the transmission of Alfvénic power is strongly attenuated by reflections at large conductance gradients along the propagation path. The results elucidate the underlying physics that control efficient transmission of electromagnetic power from the magnetotail to low altitude to power Alfvénic aurora.
Biochemical markers of oxidative stress in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases

Introduction: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of diseases of unexplained aetiology, charac - terized by periods of remissions and exacerbations. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) as far as disorders of balance between levels of prooxidants and antioxidants may also participate in the occurrence of IBD. The aim of the present study was an assessment of the antioxidative barrier of the organism in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Material and methods: The study group consisted of 99 patients (80 with IBD as a study group and 19 healthy as a control group) from Jan Biziel University Hospital in Bydgoszcz, Poland. Venous blood was the material for biochemical analysis: HT, GSH, GPX p , GPX RBC , GST, GR, SOD-1, MDA, NO 2/NO 3-and CP. Results: There were statistically significant differences in oxidative stress parameters observed between the study group and the control group, especially concerning HT, GSH, GPX RBC , GST, SOD-1, MDA and NO 2/NO 3. Discussion: The assumption that increased activity of antioxidative compounds may constitute a defence against the influence of oxidative stress may be true. Their decreased activity may participate in lowering an organism’s abilities to defend against oxidative stress and cause the development of free radical diseases. Further studies into targeted preventive strategies are needed. Conclusions: Prooxidative factors play an essential role in the pathogenesis of IBD. Due to the still un - known etiopathology of IBD, research on imbalances between pro-oxidants and antioxidants should be continued in larger groups of patients.
Design and Development of Multifunctional Autonomous Mobile Disinfection Robot against SARS-CoV-2 Virus

Since 2019, coronavirus has impacted all aspects of humans and become one of the most serious pandemics in history. To prevent the spread of virus transmission in public, cleaning and disinfection with the support of technology are effective ways worldwide. The paper focuses on the design and development of a multifunctional autonomous mobile disinfection robot, namely MEM-Bot. The MEM-Bot integrates robust and well-developed technologies such as remote control, auto-navigation in a mobile platform with a biology/chemical solution to sanitization and disinfection effectively. The MEM-Bot consists of 8 UCV lamps with 240 W radiation with no restriction emitting area, a 360o spinning detergent system, a pair of retractable arms equipped with mist nozzles to cover the lower area of spraying, and a floor-cleaning module. The overall disinfection zone is cylindrical with a radius of 1 meter and a height of 3 meters. Fabricated at a much lower cost than commercialized robots, MEM-Bot has been rapidly deployed and tested at the Phenikaa University campus zone for months. The MEM-Bot is a potential solution for developing countries against the COVID-19 © 2022 Int. J. Mech. Eng. Rob. Res
Robust Finite-Time Synchronization of Recurrent Neural Networks via Saturated Control

This brief studies the finite-time synchronization of a class of recurrent neural networks, where the dual effects of the saturation structure and uncertain factors on the system are fully considered. By designing different classes of saturated controllers, some sufficient conditions guaranteeing robust finite-time synchronization are proposed, where the estimations of the settling-time and the domain of attraction are obtained. In particular, in the framework of saturation structure, the designed controller can be improved a simpler form to further acquire globally robust finite-time synchronization. Finally, a numerical example is demonstrated to verify the presented results.
How to Create a Safe Space When Teaching Controversial Issues in China

In order to make students adapt to democratic life, educators have a responsibility and obligation to bring controversial topics into the classroom. A safe space is needed for the discussion of controversial topics in the classroom without any intrusion. However, the author of this article found that the concept of safe space is rarely mentioned in China. Therefore, this essay critically analyses five national and regional studies on safe spaces to suggest how safe spaces could be achieved in Chinese classrooms for teachers and students.
Proposed Questions to Assess the Extent of Knowledge in Understanding the Radiology Report Language

Radiotherapy and diagnostic imaging play a significant role in medical care. The amount of patient participation and communication can be increased by helping patients understand radiology reports. There is insufficient information on how to measure a patient’s knowledge of a written radiology report. The goal of this study is to design a tool that will measure patient literacy of radiology reports. A radiological literacy tool was created and evaluated as part of the project. There were two groups of patients: control and intervention. A sample radiological report was provided to each group for reading. After reading the report, the groups were quizzed to see how well they understood the report. The participants answered the questions and the correlation between the understanding of the radiology report and the radiology report literacy questions was calculated. The correlations between radiology report literacy questions and radiology report understanding for the intervention and control groups were 0.522, p < 0.001, and 0.536, p < 0.001, respectively. Our radiology literacy tool demonstrated a good ability to measure the awareness of radiology report understanding (area under the receiver operator curve in control group (95% CI: 0.77 (0.71–0.81)) and intervention group (95% CI: 0.79 (0.74–0.84))). We successfully designed a tool that can measure the radiology literacy of patients. This tool is one of the first to measure the level of patient knowledge in the field of radiology understanding.
Automatic Crack Detection and Quantification for Tunnel Lining Surface from 3D Terrestrial LiDAR Data

In the process of tunnel construction and operation, the traditional method of crack inspection in tunnel operation is through manual photographing and field recording which is not only labor-intensive with lower data quality but also hard to obtain the important geometric information of the cracks. With the development of terrestrial laser scanning technology, Three-dimensional point cloud collection from a tunnel becomes feasible and affordable. In this paper, we propose an automatic crack detection method to automatically identify the cracks from the 3D point cloud of a tunnel and also extract the corresponding dimension information of the cracks. Through a field experiment with a tunnel project, the feasibility of the proposed method was validated, and the experiment results showed that the proposed method could detect the severe crack diseases with a width of more than 0.6 mm with the relative errors of the width and the length within 10%.
A Review of Non-Invasive Drug Delivery through Respiratory Routes

With rapid and non-invasive characteristics, the respiratory route of administration has drawn significant attention compared with the limitations of conventional routes. Respiratory delivery can bypass the physiological barrier to achieve local and systemic disease treatment. A scientometric analysis and review were used to analyze how respiratory delivery can contribute to local and systemic therapy. The literature data obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection database showed an increasing worldwide tendency toward respiratory delivery from 1998 to 2020. Keywords analysis suggested that nasal and pulmonary drug delivery are the leading research topics in respiratory delivery. Based on the results of scientometric analysis, the research hotspots mainly included therapy for central nervous systems (CNS) disorders (Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, depression, glioblastoma, and epilepsy), tracheal and bronchial or lung diseases (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, acute lung injury or respiratory distress syndrome, lung cancer, and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis), and systemic diseases (diabetes and COVID-19). The study of advanced preparations contained nano drug delivery systems of the respiratory route, drug delivery barriers investigation (blood-brain barrier, BBB), and chitosan-based biomaterials for respiratory delivery. These results provided researchers with future research directions related to respiratory delivery.
New discriminants for detecting degenerate areas in DT-MRI

In this paper, we propose some new degenerate tensor discriminants to determine the position of fiber crossing points in a given human brain white matter. This method utilizes the tensor elements obtained from DT-MRI acquisition for calculating these discriminants. We employed the relationship between the solutions and coefficients of the twice differentiated characteristic equation. We verified our proposal by using a synthetic tensor generated from DT-MRI data. Our proposal has shown effective on reducing the computation time for obtaining the degenerate points.
DEVELOPMENT OF PHYSICALLY BASED PLASTIC FLOW RULES FOR BODY-CENTERED CUBIC METALS WITH TEMPERATURE AND STRAIN RATE DEPENDENCIES

In this Thesis we first show how the shape of the Peierls barrier and its dependence on the applied loading can be extracted from the data obtained in atomistic studies at 0 K. We consider the Peierls barrier as a two-dimensional periodic function of the position of the intersection of the dislocation line with the perpendicular {111} plane, with adjustable terms dependent on the shear stresses parallel and perpendicular to the slip direction. The functional forms of these terms are based on the effective yield criterion recently developed on the basis of atomistic modeling of the glide of screw dislocations at 0 K. The minimum energy path between two potential minima, and thus the corresponding activation barrier, is obtained using the Nudged Elastic Band method. The constructed Peierls barrier reproduces correctly both the well-known twinning-antitwinning asymmetry observed for pure shear parallel to the slip direction and the effect of shear stresses perpendicular to the slip direction. This advancement introduces for the first time the effect of both shear stresses parallel and perpendicular to the slip direction into the model of thermally activated dislocation motion. Based on this model we formulate a general yield criterion that includes not only the full stress tensor but also effects of temperature and strain rate. This approach forms a basis for multislip yield criteria and flow relations for continuum analyses in both single and polycrystals the results of which can be compared with experimental observations.
Pengaruh Fee Audit Abnormal Terhadap Pemberian Opini Going Concern Dengan Kualitas Audit Sebagai Variabel Mediasi

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh fee audit abnormal terhadap pemberian opini goingconcern yang dimediasi oleh kualitas audit. Sampel terdiri atas 36 perusahaan yang terdaftar di BEIdari tahun 2015 sampai 2019. Teknik analisis data menggunakan SEM berbasis PLS. Hasil pengujianpengaruh tidak langsung menunjukkan bahwa fee audit abnormal berpengaruh negatif terhadapkualitas audit serta kualitas audit berpengaruh negatif terhadap pemberian opini going concern. Hasilpenelitian ini juga membuktikan bahwa kualitas audit memediasi penuh pengaruh fee audit abnormalterhadap pemberian opini going concern
Rasa Hormat Siswa Kelas IV terhadap Guru Baru SDN 03 Sambirobyong

Terbentuknya bangsa yang bermoral tidak luput dari sikap menghormati kepada orang yang lebih tua. Guna mewujudkan sikap menghormati kepada orang yang lebih tua, hendaknya orang tua sudah menanamkan sikap penghormatan sejak kecil. Sikap rasa hormat sangatlah penting bagi kehidupan agar menjadi pribadi yang lebih baik bagi nusa dan bangsa. Subyek dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas IV dan dua guru baru SDN 03 Sambirobyong. Tujuan penelitian untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana rasa hormat siswa kelas IV terhadap guru baru SDN 03 Sambirobyong. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan rasa hormat siswa kelas IV terhadap guru baru SDN 03 Sambirobyong. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan fenomenologis. Adapun pengecekan keabsahan menggunakan ketekunan pengamatan dan triangulasi. Hasil penelitian tentang rasa hormat siswa kelas IV terhadap guru baru SDN 03 Sambirobyong. Berdasarkan indikator yang telah ditentukan oleh peneliti: (1) honorifik, (2) penghargaan, (3) penghormatan, (4) keramahan, (5) kerukunan, (6) kesopanan, (7) sikap/tata krama, dan (8) tutur bahasa. Hasil observasi terhadap siswa kelas IV SDN 03 Sambirobong serta didukung dengan wawancara guru baru DTW dan Guru baru STW indikator rasa hormat paling tinggi adalah penghormatan diikuti dengan penghargaan, kesopanan, kerukunan, keramahan, sikap/tata krama, tutur bahasa, honorifik. Berdasarkan hasil pembahasan tersebut bahwa dengan adanya guru baru tidak mempengaruhi rasa hormat siswa kelas IV SDN 03 Sambirobyong.