Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Length-squared L-function for identifying clustering pattern of network-constrained flows

ABSTRACT The network-constrained flow is defined as the movement between two locations along road networks, such as the residence-workplace flow of city dwellers. Among flow patterns, clustering (i.e. the origins and destinations are aggregated simultaneously) is one of the cities’ most common and vital patterns, which assists in uncovering fundamental mobility trends. The existing methods for detecting the clustering pattern of network-constrained flows do not consider the impact of road network topology complexity on detection results. They may underestimate the flow clustering between networks of simple topology (roads with simpler shapes and fewer links, e.g. straight roads) but with high network intensity (i.e. flow number per network flow space), and determining the actual scale of an observed pattern remains challenging. This study develops a novel method, the length-squared L-function, to identify clustering patterns of network-constrained flows. We first use the L-function and its derivative to examine the clustering scales. Further, we calculate the local L-function to ascertain the locations of the clustering patterns. In synthetic and practical experiments, our method can identify flow clustering patterns of high intensities and reveal the residents’ main travel behavior trends with taxi OD flows, providing more reasonable suggestions for urban planning.
Effect of Processing on Specific Phenolic Compounds of Two Market Peanuts Grown in Mexico: Possible Health Implications

Peanut ( Arachis hypogaea L.) is a legume of high consumption worldwide. It is rich in protein and healthy fatty acids, but also contains a series of health-promoting phytochemicals, highlighting the phenolic compounds. Peanuts are not eaten raw, but first go through different treatments. This research provides information on how treatments such as roasting, frying, microwaving and germination affect the phenolic profile of peanuts and, consequently, their nutraceutical potential. In general, the treatments increased the content of gallic acid by 12-190%, p-coumaric acid (53-197%), rutin (33-46%), catechin (11-301%), and epicatechin (147-841%) in Virginia variety; while in the Valencia variety increases in p-coumaric acid between 70-244%, rutin (17-68%), catechin (68-361%), and epicatechin (21-327%) were observed. Ferulic and caffeic acids were not detected. There was no effect of any of the treatments on quercetin content. Germination was the best method to increase these nutraceutical compounds. This method also induced the synthesis of resveratrol at levels higher than grapes and wine.
Thermo- and photosensitivity of Euterpe oleracea Mart. (Arecaceae) fruit pulp: Consequences for its antioxidant activity under basic storage conditions in the Amazon

Anthocyanins are chemically unstable, casting doubt on the antioxidant activity (AA) of Euterpe oleracea Mart. (Arecaceae) fruit pulp during storage. In this study, AA, total monomeric anthocyanin (TMAC), total flavonoid (TFC), and total phenolic contents (TPC) of this preparation after 24 h and 5 days at ambient temperature/ambient light-dark (AT/AL), ambient temperature/continuously dark (AT/CD), and under refrigeration/continuously dark (UR/CD) were compared to those of the fresh preparation. A FRAP and a DPPH assay, and a pH differential, an AlCl3 colorimetric, and Folin-Ciocalteu’s method were used. Associations between pairs of variables were determined by Pearson correlation coefficient (r). Student’s t test and one-way ANOVA with Tukey HSD were used to evaluate the data for statistically significant differences (p < 0.05). FRAP and DPPH IC50 values of the fresh preparation were 116 ± 3 μM Fe2+ equivalents/100 μg, and 57 ± 12 μg/mL, respectively. They were hardly affected after 24 h, but had decreased 4-fold and increased 2-fold, respectively, after 5 days, the least at UR/CD. TMAC, TFC, and TPC of the fresh preparation were 21 ± 4 mg Cy3GE/mg, 25 ± 4 μM RE/100 μg, and 67 ± 2 μM GAE/100 μg. The loss of AA after 5 days was accompanied by a 3- to 5-fold TMAC and TFC degradation, and a 1.5-fold TPC decrease. AA correlated better with TMAC and TFC (r ±0.7 - ±1.0) than with TPC (r ±0.4 - ±0.9). These observations are important for communities with only basic facilities for preparing and storing E. oleracea fruit pulp.
Telecommunications in Asia: Policy, Planning and Development

The Asia region is seeing the largest expansion of telecommunications in history. From rural communications to information superhighways, the demand for equipment and services is possibly the fastest growing in the world. What is driving it? How is it to be financed? Where will the equipment come from? Trade in telecommunications and related services is also growing rapidly in the region, and is forcing many Asian governments to respond and protect their national interests. At the same time, local Asian companies are becoming regional players in their own right. This book is an examination of these issues. It provides a searching analysis, and a detailed and comprehensive account of the telecommunications industry in the developing economies of South East and East Asia.
Gas Sensing and Half-Metallic Materials Design Using Metal Embedded into S Vacancies in WS2 Monolayers: Adsorption of NO, CO, and O2 Molecules

The adsorption of CO, NO, and O2 molecules onto Cu, Ag, and Au atoms placed in the S vacancies of a WS2 monolayer was elucidated within dispersion-corrected density functional theory. The binding energies computed for embedded defects into S vacancies were 2.99 (AuS), 2.44 (AgS), 3.32 eV (CuS), 3.23 (Au2S2), 2.55 (Ag2S2), and 3.48 eV/atom (Cu2S2), respectively. The calculated diffusion energy barriers from an S vacancy to a nearby site for Cu, Ag, and Au were 2.29, 2.18, and 2.16 eV, respectively. Thus, the substitutional atoms remained firmly fixed at temperatures above 700 K. Similarly, the adsorption energies showed that nitric oxide and carbon oxide molecules exhibited stronger chemisorption than O2 molecules on any of the metal atoms (Au, Cu, or Ag) placed in the S vacancies of the WS2 monolayer. Therefore, the adsorption of O2 did not compete with NO or CO adsorption and did not displace them. The density of states showed that a WS2 monolayer modified with a Cu, Au, or Ag atom could be used to design sensing devices, based on electronic or magnetic properties, for atmospheric pollutants. More interestingly, the adsorption of CO changed only the electronic properties of the MoS2-AuS monolayer, which could be used for sensing applications. In contrast, the O2 molecule was chemisorbed more strongly than CO or NO on Au2S2, Cu2S2, or Ag2S2 placed into di-S vacancies. Thus, if the experimental system is exposed to air, the low quantities of O2 molecules present should result in the oxidation of the metallic atoms. Furthermore, the O2 molecules adsorbed on WS2-Au2S2 and WS2-CuS introduced a half-metallic behavior, making the system suitable for applications in spintronics.
Impact of Anxiety on Erectile Dysfunction After Transrectal Ultrasound-Guided Prostate Biopsy

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine whether erectile dysfunction (ED) patients are under the effect of anxiety and analyze their results of transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy (TRUS-PB). Methods: The study was conducted between April 2015 and February 2016, and the population consists of the patients clean from prostate cancer (PCa) according to the TRUS-PB results. ED or cancer patients were identified for exclusion as well as those with a history of biopsy or surgery on prostate site. The study group filled in the international index of erectile function-5 (IIEF-5) and the beck depression inventory (BDI) forms under the supervision of urologists. The timetable was like this: The two pre-biopsy forms with the 2 nd or 3 rd -week interval, the biopsy day following the second form, and the three post-biopsy forms in the 1 st , 3 rd , and 6 th month. Results: When completing the study process, the case number was a total of 131 patients with no PCa according to the biopsy results (Main Age: 60.14±5.49). For IIEF-5, the pre-biopsy statistics were 23.57±2.45 points on average (105 ED patients), and the post-biopsy ones got better from the fourth forms (p<0.001). The pre-biopsy scores of BDI increased in 94 patients and again their post-biopsy ones improved in the fourth forms (p<0.001). Discussion and Conclusion: The process including follow-up in prostate examination has depressive risks in the patients who applied TRUS-PB along with ED.
Pengelompokkan kabupaten/kota di Pulau Sulawesi berdasarkan indikator indeks khusus penanganan stunting menggunakan Gaussian mixture model

Stunting or is a condition of growth failure in children under five years old (toddlers) who are malnourished. Children are called stunted if their height is below minus two standard deviations. The Special Index for Handling Stunting (IKPS) is one of the main indicators used as a measure of the achievement of handling the reduction in stunting rates. In implementing the 2024 development goals, namely setting a national stunting target that can decrease to 14%, it is necessary to identify based on the characteristics of a special index for handling stunting in each region. Method of Gaussian Mixture Model is a grouping with models that function to group a certain amount of data into a Gaussian distribution with mean and variance parameters. The main idea of model-based grouping is that object grouping is done using probabilities. This study was conducted with the aim of obtaining the results of grouping regencies/cities on Sulawesi Island based on the Special Index Indicator for Handling Stunting. The results of the study obtained different volume and shape models, coordinate axis orientation (VVI) with 4 optimum cluster. Cluster 1 with a low stunting handling index contains 24 districts/cities, cluster 2 with a medium stunting handling index contains 21 districts/cities, cluster 3 with a high stunting handling index contains 13 districts/cities, cluster 4 with a very high stunting handling index contains 23 districts/cities.Keywords: Four optimum cluster, low, medium, high and very highMSC2020: 62A09
Implicit noise reduction and trace interpolation in wavefield depth extrapolation

Various types of noise can obscure reflections and refractions on deep crustal seismic data. This study presents a simple but elegant approach to true wavefield processing where noise reduction and trace interpolations are applied implicitly during depth extrapolation. No velocity and source/receiver information is required and the proposed approach can be combined with conventional or available processing algorithms. Prestack processing is successfully applied to a complicated OBS data set, demonstrating an improvement in noise reduction and effective trace interpolation.
Direct estimation of land surface albedo from VIIRS data: Algorithm improvement and preliminary validation

Land surface albedo (LSA), part of the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) surface albedo environmental data record (EDR), is an essential variable regulating shortwave energy exchange between the land surface and the atmosphere. Two sub‐algorithms, the dark pixel sub‐algorithm (DPSA) and the bright pixel sub‐algorithm (BPSA), were proposed for retrieving LSA from VIIRS data. The BPSA estimates LSA directly from VIIRS top‐of‐atmosphere (TOA) reflectance through simulation of atmospheric radiative transfer. Several changes have been made to improve the BPSA since the deployment of VIIRS. A database of the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) is collected and converted to bidirectional reflectance at VIIRS bands. The converted reflectance is then used as input to the atmospheric radiative transfer model to generate a look‐up table (LUT) of regression coefficients with consideration of surface BRDF. Before its implementation in the operational system, the new BPSA is tested on the local infrastructure. The incorporation of the surface BRDF improves the accuracy of LSA estimation and reduces the temporal variation of LSA over stable surfaces. VIIRS LSA retrievals agree well with the MODIS albedo products. Comparison with field measurements at seven Surface Radiation (SURFRAD) Network sites shows that VIIRS LSA retrieved from the LUT with surface BRDF has an R2 value of 0.80 and root mean square error of 0.049, better than MODIS albedo products. The VIIRS results have a slight negative bias of 0.004, whereas the MODIS albedo is underestimated with a larger negative bias of 0.026.
Resource Scheduling for UAVs-aided D2D Networks: A Multi-objective Optimization Approach

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)-aided device-todevice (D2D) networks have attracted great interests with the development of 5G/6G communications, while there are several challenges about resource scheduling in UAVs-aided D2D networks. In this work, we formulate a UAVs-aided D2D network resource scheduling optimization problem (NetResSOP) to comprehensively consider the number of deployed UAVs, UAV positions, UAV transmission powers, UAV flight velocities, communication channels, and UAV-device pair assignment so as to maximize the D2D network capacity, minimize the number of deployed UAVs, and minimize the average energy consumption over all UAVs simultaneously. The formulated NetResSOP is a mixed-integer programming problem (MIPP) and an NP-hard problem, which means that it is difficult to be solved in polynomial time. Moreover, there are trade-offs between the optimization objectives, and hence it is also difficult to find an optimal solution that can simultaneously make all objectives be optimal. Thus, we propose a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-III with a Flexible solution dimension mechanism, a Discrete part generation mechanism, and a UAV number adjustment mechanism (NSGA-III-FDU) for solving the problem comprehensively. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and the stability of the proposed NSGA-III-FDU under different scales and settings of the D2D networks.
Spontaneous Ventilation Combined with Double-Lumen Tube Intubation during Thoracic Surgery: A New Anesthesiologic Method Based on 141 Cases over Three Years

Background: Non-intubated thoracic surgery has not achieved widespread acceptance despite its potential to improve postoperative outcomes. To ensure airway safety, our institute has developed a technique combining spontaneous ventilation with double-lumen tube intubation (SVI). This study aimed to verify the feasibility and limitations of this SVI technique. Methods: For the SVI method, anesthesia induction involves fentanyl and propofol target-controlled infusion, with mivacurium administration. Bispectral index monitoring was used to ensure the optimal depth of anesthesia. Short-term muscle relaxation facilitated double-lumen tube intubation and early surgical steps. Chest opening preceded local infiltration, followed by a vagal nerve blockade to prevent the cough reflex and a paravertebral blockade for pain relief. Subsequently, the muscle relaxant was ceased. The patient underwent spontaneous breathing without coughing during surgical manipulation. Results: Between 10 March 2020 and 28 October 2022, 141 SVI surgeries were performed. Spontaneous respiration with positive end-expiratory pressure was sufficient in 65.96% (93/141) of cases, whereas 31.21% (44/141) required pressure support ventilation. Only 2.84% (4/141) of cases reversed to conventional anesthetic management, owing to technical or surgical difficulties. Results of the 141 cases: The mean maximal carbon dioxide pressure was 59.01 (34.4–92.9) mmHg, and the mean lowest oxygen saturation was 93.96% (81–100%). The mean one-lung, mechanical and spontaneous one-lung ventilation time was 74.88 (20–140), 17.55 (0–115) and 57.73 (0–130) min, respectively. Conclusions: Spontaneous ventilation with double-lumen tube intubation is safe and feasible for thoracic surgery. The mechanical one-lung ventilation time was reduced by 76.5%, and the rate of anesthetic conversion to relaxation was low (2.8%).
A 9-Mb HZO-Based Embedded FeRAM With 10-Cycle Endurance and 5/7-ns Read/Write Using ECC-Assisted Data Refresh and Offset-Canceled Sense Amplifier

Hf0.5Zr0. 5O2 (HZO)-based ferroelectric random access memory (FeRAM) is a good candidate for the embedded nonvolatile memory (eNVM) applications because of its high reliability, high speed, good scalability, and process compatibility with logic large-scale integrated circuits (LSIs). However, challenges still exist in designing robust read/write circuits for high reliability and sufficient read yield. This work presents a 9-Mb (8 + 1-Mb error correcting code (ECC)) HZO-based nonvolatile FeRAM chip with high-performance read and write peripheral circuits. A TiN/HZO/TiN ferroelectric capacitor (FeCAP) is integrated in the back-end-of-line of a 130-nm CMOS process with a 700-nm-diameter capacitor and a mega-level capacity. A temperature-aware ECC-assisted write driver (ECC-WD) is designed to improve the reliability and power efficiency of FeRAM. The offset-canceled sense amplifier (SA) and a dummy-based reference generator are designed to tolerate a small bitline (BL) signal margin and to reduce the read bit-error rate (BER). Measurement results show 2<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> remnant polarization (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$P_{r}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$>$ </tex-math></inline-formula> 30 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{C}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>/cm2, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$>$ </tex-math></inline-formula>1012-cycle endurance, 7-ns write and 5-ns read time, sub-3-V operating voltage, and 10-year data retention at 85 °C.
The Safety and Efficacy of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist Drugs: A Comprehensive Literature Review

There is a new class of antihyperglycemic medications called glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs). They work by increasing the effects of insulin on peripheral tissues, decreasing the liver’s glucose production, improving satiety through central nervous system action, as well as encouraging appropriate pancreatic cell production and (glucagon) suppression. GLP-1 agonists are a group of drugs used to manage type 2 diabetes mellitus and promote weight reduction. However, they cause several unfavorable side effects such as diarrhea, constipation, nausea, and vomiting, as expected. After extensive research, several clinical studies have found them to be safe for the heart and kidneys. Moreover, patients with a history of pancreatitis are advised to avoid GLP-1RA-based treatments, even though there is insufficient information to determine whether there is a causal relationship.
Truth or Trend – Misinformation Spreading Fast on TikTok: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Onychomycosis Content

Background: Onychomycosis is the most frequently diagnosed nail condition in clinical practice. With the growing popularity of TikTok and online health information-seeking behavior, it is imperative to understand onychomycosis-related content on this platform. Objective: Our objective was to assess content and quality of the most popular onychomycosis-related content on TikTok. Methods: We queried TikTok for videos using the search terms “onychomycosis” and “nail fungus” for the top 100 videos by view count, with DISCERN scoring used to rate videos for quality. Results: Average DISCERN score was 1.77 and dermatologists posted videos with the highest mean score (2.56). Most of the videos were educational (72%) and/or related to treatment (69%). Home remedies were recommended more often (58%) than FDA-approved therapies (7%). Physician versus nonphysician posted videos had higher mean DISCERN score (2.28 vs. 1.44) (p < 0.001), greater view number (1,209,953 vs. 343,993) (p < 0.05), and more often discussed medical therapy (p < 0.05). Conclusion: While social media is a valuable resource for providing medical information to an interminable audience, there are significant shortcomings. Therefore, we recommend that dermatologists advise patients against relying on social media for medical information and consider using social media to provide accessible evidence-based health education on onychomycosis.
Green Marketing Magic: Fostering Lasting Brand Loyalty on Social Commerce Platform

Brand loyalty is essential for long-term business success in today's mercilessly competitive economy. Businesses are increasingly using "green marketing" tactics to differentiate themselves and build relationships with environmentally conscientious customers in this competitive industry. This study intends to investigate the effect that green marketing strategies have on brand loyalty on social commerce brand pages. The participants in this study were Facebook users who made purchases using the platform's social commerce features. A standardised online questionnaire was used for the survey. A sampling method known as convenience sampling was utilised, and survey links were distributed across a range of pages and groups on Facebook in order to reduce the likelihood of bias. The research objectives were made explicit to participants, and a screening question was used to ensure a representative sample. The results of this investigation highlight the importance of perceived value and quality as powerful mediators associated with the relationship between green marketing and brand loyalty. On the other hand, it was discovered that Brand Attitude and Consumer Trust marginally but significantly mediate the connection between Green Marketing and Brand Loyalty. The social commerce platforms offer a flexible setting for showcasing a wide range of items and services. Innovative and engaging methods of showcasing eco-friendly items, such as 360-degree product views, virtual try-ons, or immersive storytelling, can improve consumers' perceptions of the product's value and quality. This approach shows potential, especially with environmentally sensitive consumers who frequently look for in-depth information and first-hand interaction when making decisions. While previous studies have shed light on the association between green marketing and brand loyalty, this research paper contributes to the field by investigating the mechanisms and mediating elements that contribute to this connection in the ever-changing world of social commerce.
Chemical and Physical Properties of Connecticut Lakes, With Emphasis on Regional Geology

ABSTRACT Chemical and physical characteristics of 60 drainage lakes in Connecticut are discussed in relation to the geology of the state. Significant differences in composition and quantities of dissolved ions were observed for lakes in different geologic zones. Waterbodies situated on the Eastern Uplands, Western Uplands, and Coastal Slope were more dilute than lakes in the Marble and Central Valleys. Although there were significant differences in Na+, Ca+2, Mg+2, Cl−, SO4 −2, and alkaline anions between different regions, none were found for K+. Unlike ionic chemistry, few differences in trophic variables were observed for lakes in the different geologic areas. On a statewide basis chlorophyll a levels were highly correlated with total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN), and Secchi disk depths. Summer TN:TP ratios suggested that chlorophyll levels in many lakes may be related to both TP and TN levels. Results are compared to previous studies in Connecticut and other areas of the northeast.