Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Human Gait Signal Analysis Using Time-Frequency Distribution with Complex-Lag

As a novel biometric identification technology, human gait recognition has wide applications in public security and other fields. Aiming to solving problems of conventional Time-Frequency analysis of human gait signal, the paper presented a processing method that adopts time-frequency distribution with complex-lag. Firstly, the human walking Doppler signal model and the principle of time-frequency distribution with complex-lag were introduced. Then the signal based on the model was generated and was analyzed utilizing Spectrogram, WVD and time-frequency distribution with complex-lag. The results show that the presented method has the best performance since its high time-frequency concentration and less cross-terms disturbances.
Septic Tank Effluent Treatment by Subsurface Horizontal Flow Wetland

Domestic wastewater treatment in Indonesia, mostly treat by using septic tanks. The use of septic tanks preferred by the public because of the design, construction, and maintenance are easy and more economical for the system of domestic wastewater disposal. Effluent from the septic tank still contains BOD about 100 mg /l, COD about 250 mg/l and TSS about 100 mg /l. This effluent is still dangerous to public health and is not fulfill wastewater effluent standards yet. If there is open space available, extended treatment of septic tank effluent can be done by field infiltration. This open space must suitable for infiltration without contaminating the ground water or well water. In urban areas with ground water level is high such as Surabaya, water infiltrate into the ground causing the problem. Problems that arise are due to pollution of ground water and surface water contaminated by effluent from the septic tank. Because of these problems, it would require an alternative treatment of septic tank effluent. Appropriate technology would be a simple, economical, easy in operation and maintenance. One of wastewater processing that can be applied to the septic tank effluent is a constructed wetland system. Previous research carried out by using Cyperus papyrus plant with sand media in batch experiments showed satisfactory results. In this study, experiments conducted by using Cyperus papyrus plant with sand media with continuous flow in a horizontal subsurface flow wetland method. Wastewater flows with varying flow 90 ml /min and 180 ml /min. The objective of this research is to determine the ability of a horizontal subsurface flow wetland for treating septic tank effluent. The parameters analyzed were BOD and TSS. The results show the relation of organic loading rate with BOD removal efficiency. The highest organic loading rate of 0.051 kg BOD/m2.d on first day observations has BOD removal efficiency of 73.63% and the lowest organic loading rate of 0.029 kg BOD/m2.d with an efficiency of 70.82%. This shows that BOD removal efficiency is affected by organic loading rate. If BOD loading rate increase, it will decrease BOD removal efficiency. Organic loading rate recommended for domestic wastewater is 0.037-0.4 kg BOD5 /m2.d. Although in this study the organic loading rate exceeds the above recommendations, but efficiency is still good, above 70%.
Lateral strains in hardened cement paste under short- and long-term loading

Synopsis The influence of porosity, stress, moisture content, age of loading and period under load upon lateral strains inhardened cement paste under short- and long-term loading is examined. A simple predictive function for Poisson's ratio is given. Creep Poisson's ratio of hardened cement paste was 0·13 for all tests. The relationship between the lateral strain behaviour of hardened cement paste and of concrete is discussed. The creep Poisson's ratio results provided evidence on the nature of the deformation processes in hardened cement paste.
Brain Tumor detection from brain MRI using Deep Learning

- Health experts are increasingly taking advantage of the benefits of most modern technologies, thus generating a scalable improvement in the area of health care. Because of this, there is a paradigm shift from manual monitoring towards more accurate virtual monitoring with minimum percentage of error. Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) led to exciting solutions with high accuracy for medical imaging technology and is a key method for enhancing future applications. Detection of brain tumor is a very difficult task in medical field. Detection of brain tumor manually is time consuming and requires large number of mri images for cancer diagnosis. So, there is a need for automatic brain tumor detection from Brain MR images. Deep learning methods can achieve this task. Different deep learning networks can be used for the detection of brain tumors. The proposed method comprises of a classification network which classifies the input MR images into 2 classes: on with tumor and the second without tumor. In this work, detection of brain tumor is done via classification by retraining the classifier using the technique known as transfer learning. The obtained result shows that our method outperforms the existing methods.
Coupling Holes Between Resonant Cavities or Wave-Guides Evaluated in Terms of Volume Ratios

A hole in a common wall is used to provide coupling between two resonant cavities (k=coefficient of coupling) or between two waveguides (x or b=normalized reactance or susceptance) or between cavity and waveguide (p=loading power factor of cavity). Referring to either side of a thin common wall, the field intensity in the center of a small hole is 1/2 what it would have been at that location on the wall. Between two equal regions, the coupling (k, x or b) by magnetic or electric field is expressed as 1/4 the ratio of the effective volume of the hole over the effective volume of each region, by duality (Booker's principle), the effective volume (related to the polarizability) of an aperture in a thin wall is identified with that of an analogous thin body in a uniform field. For a resonant cavity loaded by coupling to a waveguide, the loading power factor is p=kx; this theorem is proved by reference to an equivalent network. Various cases of coupling by two-dimensional and three-dimensional fields are formulated in terms of area or volume ratios, especially between pillbox resonators (rectangular, circular, or coaxial-circular) and between rectangular waveguides with common side walls or top and bottom walls. The effective area or volume of a small hole in a thin conducting wall is given for various symmetrical shapes, in a magnetic or electric field.
An efficient imperialist competitive algorithm for scheduling in the two-stage assembly flow shop problem

This paper considers a two-stage assembly flow shop problem where m parallel machines are in the first stage and an assembly machine is in the second stage. The objective is to minimise a weighted sum of makespan and mean completion time for n available jobs. As this problem is proven to be NP-hard, therefore, we employed an imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA) as solution approach. In the past literature, Torabzadeh and Zandieh (2010) showed that cloud theory-based simulated annealing algorithm (CSA) is an appropriate meta-heuristic to solve the problem. Thus, to justify the claim for ICA capability, we compare our proposed ICA with the reported CSA. A new parameters tuning tool, neural network, for ICA is also introduced. The computational results clarify that ICA performs better than CSA in quality of solutions.
Closed-Loop-Control of the Material Flow in the Deep Drawing Process

In this paper, a concept of a closed-loop-control system for the material flow in deep drawing processes based on a fuzzy-controller is presented. The deep drawing process is influenced by different variables as batch dependent material values, machine parameters as well as variations in the forming tools. Process stability can be improved by continuous process monitoring and process control. The control loop for controlling the material flow consists of an optical sensor, a deep drawing tool with an elastic blank holder, a fuzzy controller and a deep drawing press with a multi point drawing cushion. The controlled variable (material flow) was measured contact-free and on-line by means of an optical sensor developed at the IFUM. As control variable the different lokal blank holder forces were chosen in order to influence the material flow in different areas. In order to combine the controlled variable (material flow) and the control variable (lokal blank holder force) a fuzzy logic controller was designed. The performance of the material flow control was investigated by generating disturbances (e.g. a high blank holder force at the beginning) in the deep drawing process. This procedure shows that the fuzzy-controlled material flow can be compensated for the disturbances by means of changing the blank holder force.
A Cluster-Based Countermeasure against MAC Layer Attacks in IEEE 802.11 MANETs

MANETs become a considerable interest nowadays. However, these types of networks are vulnerable to a large group of attacks, e.g., MAC layer attacks. Most of the previous researches related to security issues focus on detection of misbehaviors after it occurred. We propose a new way of thinking to evade occurrence of misbehaviors. A novel clustering algorithm is presented using analytic hierarchy process to elect clusterhead. Afterwards, the clusterhead is required to assign backoff values to originators in its transmission range, which are also the members in the corresponding cluster, rather than permitting the originators to choose backoff values. Meanwhile, the elected clusterhead also monitors whether originators obey the backoff values. With the proposed scheme, the misuse of the backoff in MAC layer in 802.11 DCF can be prevented.
Tuned Transistor Amplifier

The paper analyzes the input-impedance components of a grounded emitter transistor amplifier having a tuned circuit load which presents a mismatch to the transistor output impedance. This loading of the transistor permits operation of synchronoulsy tuned amplifiers without necessity for neutralization, thus enabling easier mass production with little sacrifice in circuit amplification. A simple design procedure is given, and while the analysis is particularly applicable to IF amplifiers employing either single or double tuned circuits, the same principles can be applied in general to tuned RF amplifiers. Variation of the input-impedance components with the AGC action is also given.
Sequencing batch reactor technology for biological wastewater treatment: a review

Wastewater treatment has been a challenge throughout the years due to varying influent characteristics and stringent effluent regulations. In response to this dilemma, a reliable, cost-effective and high-efficiency sequencing batch reactor (SBR) technology has been recently developed. SBRs are variations of the activated sludge process that operates on a fill-and-draw basis. It combines both aerobic–anaerobic phases in one unit and saves up to 25% of the aeration costs concomitant with low sludge production. Consequently, simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal from the wastewater could be achieved by adjusting the actual operating cycle. This review paper discusses the technical description and operational flexibility of SBR for the treatment of wide range of effluent under different operational conditions, together with its modifications that could increase the effectiveness of SBR systems in the future. Copyright © 2010 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Optimisation of composite superconducting bulks made from (RE)BCO coated conductor stacks using pulsed field magnetization modelling

Coated conductors, although designed to carry transport current, are ideally suited to carrying persistent current and can therefore be cut and stacked to form a type of composite bulk which has superior thermal properties compared to existing bulks despite having less than 2 % superconductor by volume. The magneto-thermal modelling reported follows on from previous experimental work on pulsed magnetization of a 12 mm square tape stack. The magnitude of the applied field has a strong effect on the trapped field and flux. The optimum applied field depends on sample height and the maximum trapped field and flux saturates as the height reaches the diameter of the stack. The nature of a composite bulk made from a stack of tapes gives complete control over the height of the stack which needs to be optimised for pulsed magnetization.
Practical definitions for powers in systems with nonsinusoidal waveforms and unbalanced loads: a discussion

Existing definitions for power terms in alternating current systems work well for single-phase and three-phase systems where both voltages and currents are sinusoidal with respect to time. This paper clarifies and proposes definitions for power terms that are practical and effective when voltage and/or currents are distorted and/or unbalanced. It also suggests definitions for measurable values that may be used to indicate the level of distortion and unbalance.
Jobs Requiring a Capacity for Engineering Systems Thinking (CEST): Selection Using an Interest Inventory

Systems thinking is recognized as a critical ability for engineers who take a leading role in complex projects. Identifying those engineers with better systems-thinking capabilities is critical in many projects and organizations and enables organizations and project managers to select and place the most suitable engineers for jobs requiring a Capacity for Engineering Systems Thinking (CEST). However, up until now, no tool aimed at assessing individuals’ capacity for engineering systems thinking has ever been developed. This paper presents principles for developing an interest questionnaire aimed at selecting engineers for jobs requiring systems thinking as well as preliminary results regarding the tool's reliability and validity.
Risk Factors and Outcomes of Bacteremia Caused by Carbapenem Resistant Enterobacterales Compared to Carbapenem Susceptible Enterobacterales

BackgroundDue to shrinking therapeutic options, infections due to Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) are an urgent threat in healthcare systems. We compared the risk factors and outcomes of bacteremia secondary to CRE with bacteremia secondary to carbapenem susceptible Enterobacterales (CSE). MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study on patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan between 2013 and 2016. Patients with CRE bacteremia were matched to those with CSE bacteremia while excluding those with polymicrobial cultures.ResultsA total of 131 patients were enrolled (65 CRE and 66 CSE) with the mean age of 51.8 years and 57.1 years in CRE and CSE groups respectively. Compared with CSE, CRE bacteremia was more likely to occur in patients with Diabetes Mellitus or those with a tracheostomy (P = 0.002 and 0.014, respectively). The most common source of CRE bacteremia was central line associated (24.6% of all cases) as opposed to urinary tract infections in those with CSE bacteremia (62.1% of all cases). Fewer patients with CRE bacteremia received appropriate antibiotics (72.3% vs. 81.8%). Mortality was significantly higher in the CRE group (41.5% vs. 12.1%, P = 0.001) even when adjusted for the severity of illness using the PITT-bacteremia score. Increased mortality was also associated with central venous catheterization in both groups. The median length of hospital stay was longer in patients with CRE (8 vs. 6 days, P = 0.021)ConclusionCRE bacteremia was associated with central lines and led to significantly higher mortality and length of stay.
On measurement and valuation of manufacturing flexibility

Abstract The concept of flexibility has been a recurring theme in recent manufacturing literature. Manufacturing flexibility is widely acclaimed as a formidable competitive weapon in the arsenal of any manufacturing firm. Yet critical underpinnings of this concept are not well understood despite efforts by various researchers to classify different flexibility types in order to facilitate its measurement and valuation. This paper examines reasons why measurement of flexibility has remained difficult. It proposes that any measure must inevitably depend on factors such as the degree of uncertainty in the environment, management objectives, machine capabilities and configuration (control). Therefore it advocates surrogate measures such as the value of flexibility. A model illustrating how flexibility might be measured and its appropriate level chosen, in a specific scenario, is presented. Numerical examples reveal additional insights that might be useful to firms with characteristics that match those of the m.
Prevalence and factors associated with cancellation of elective procedures on surgical wards at Mulago hospital, Uganda

Background: Cancellation of elective surgical procedures has been noted to waste resources and with potential to increase morbidity and mortality among patients. This study set out to determine the prevalence and factors associated with cancellation of elective surgical procedures at Mulago Hospital. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted from 10 th January 2018 to 20 th February 2018. We recruited patients of all ages admitted on surgical wards and scheduled for elective surgery. Demographic data, diagnosis, specialty of surgery, proposed surgery, theatre and reasons for cancellation were extracted and analyzed using logistic regression. Results: There were 115 procedures canceled out of 400 cases, giving us a prevalence of cancellation of 28.8%. Neurosurgery had the highest cancellation rate at 46.8% (n=29), OR = 2.23, 95% CI (1.22, 4.06). UCI theatre was about two times more likely to have a procedure canceled (OR = 2.12, 95% CI, 0.91-4.96). Facility factors contributed 67.8% to overall cancellations. Commonest reason for case cancellations was theatre time run out. There was no procedure canceled due to lack of ICU bed. There was a significant association between specialty and surgical cancellation rate (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The prevalence of cancellation of elective surgical procedures in Mulago Hospital is 28.8% with Neurosurgery having the highest cancellation rate. Two thirds of the factors responsible for procedure cancellations were facility related with more than fifty percent of them being potentially preventable. Quality improvement strategies are necessary in those sub specialties susceptible to procedure cancellations due to facility factors. Keywords: cancellation; elective procedures; factors; prevalence
Design and Fabrication of nanowire-grid polarizer in near-infrared broadband

The infrared polarizers are widely used in the infrared imaging systems as the core components, such as infrared stealth, target acquisition and mine detection, automobile night-vision instrument and other systems. For the requirements of near-infrared imaging systems, a nanowire-grid is designed by Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) method. Herein, considering the high reflection of metal aluminum in the manufacturing process, we propose a structure with aluminum-copper nanowire-grid. FDTD method is adapted to analyze the effects of the thickness of aluminumcopper in different combinations on the TM and TE polarization transmission efficiency as well as the extinction ratio when the grating’s period is 300nm. Numerical results and theoretical analysis show that: the reflection on the substrate is suppressed with the optimal thickness of the Cu layer. Considering the resist-substrate reflectivity and the final performance of the polarizer, the structure with an 120nm Al layer, and a 50nm anti-reflection Cu layer is chosen; and the TM transmission efficiency is more than 71%, and the extinction ratio is more than 25dB. At last we used Holographic lithography and IBE to fabricate a prototype of the nanowire-grid.
Experimental studies of shock wave/wall jet interaction in hypersonic flow

Experimental studies have been conducted to examine slot film cooling effectiveness and the interaction between the cooling film and an incident planar shock wave in turbulent hypersonic flow. The experimental studies were conducted in the 48-inch shock tunnel at Calspan at a freestream Mach number of close to 6.4 and at a Reynolds number of 35 x 10(exp 6) based on the length of the model at the injection point. The Mach 2.3 planar wall jet was generated from 40 transverse nozzles (with heights of both 0.080 inch and 0.120 inch), producing a film that extended the full width of the model. The nozzles were operated at pressures and velocities close to matching the freestream, as well as at conditions where the nozzle flows were over- and under-expanded. A two-dimensional shock generator was used to generate oblique shocks that deflected the flow through total turnings of 11, 16, and 21 degrees; the flows impinged downstream of the nozzle exits. Detailed measurements of heat transfer and pressure were made both ahead and downstream of the injection station, with the greatest concentration of measurements in the regions of shock-wave/boundary layer interaction. The major objectives of these experimental studies were to explore the effectiveness of film cooling in the presence of regions of shock-wave/boundary layer interaction and, more specifically, to determine how boundary layer separation and the large recompression heating rates were modified by film cooling. Detailed distributions of heat transfer and pressure were obtained in the incident shock/wall-jet interaction region for a series of shock strengths and impingement positions for each of the two nozzle heights. Measurements were also made to examine the effects of nozzle lip thickness on cooling effectiveness. The major conclusion from these studies was that the effect of the cooling film could be readily dispersed by relatively weak incident shocks, so the peak heating in the recompression region was not significantly reduced by even the largest levels of film cooling. For the case studies in the absence of film cooling, the interaction regions were unseparated. However, adding film cooling resulted in regions of boundary layer separation induced in the film cooling layer -- the size of which regions first increased and then decreased with increased film cooling. Surprisingly, the size of the separated regions and the magnitude of the recompression heating were not strongly influenced by the thickness of the cooling film, nor by the point of shock impingement relative to the exit plane of the nozzles. The lip thickness was found to have little effect on cooling effectiveness. Measurements with and in the absence of shock interaction were compared with the results of earlier experimental studies and correlated in terms of the major parameters controlling these flows.