Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CLEP_A_263646 891..905

1Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; 2Nordic Institute of Chiropractic and Clinical Biomechanics, Odense, Denmark; 3Spine Surgery and Research, Spine Centre of Southern Denmark, University Hospital Lillebaelt, Middelfart, Denmark; 4Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Odense, Odense, Denmark; 5Spine Centre of Southern Denmark, University Hospital Lillebaelt, Middelfart, Denmark; 6Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; 7Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; 8Basel Academy, Basel, Switzerland Purpose: To develop a self-administered diagnostic screening questionnaire for lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) consisting of items with high content validity and to investigate the diagnostic value of the questionnaire and the items. Patients and Methods: A self-reported diagnostic LSS screening questionnaire was developed based on items from the existing literature describing key symptoms of LSS. The screening questionnaire (index test) was to be tested in a cohort of patients with persistent lumbar and/or leg pain recruited from a Danish publicly funded outpatient secondary care spine clinic with clinicians performing the reference test. However, to avoid unnecessary collection of data if the screening questionnaire proved to be of limited value, a case–control design was incorporated into the cohort design including an interim analysis. Additional cases for the case–control study were recruited at two Danish publicly funded spine surgery departments. Prevalence, sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic odds ratio (OR) were calculated for each individual item, and AUC (area under the curve) was calculated to examine the performance of the full questionnaire. Results: A 13-item Danish questionnaire was developed and tested in 153 cases and 230 controls. The interim analysis was not in favour of continuing the cohort study, and therefore, only results from the case–control study are reported. There was a positive association for all items except the presence of back pain. However, the association was only moderate with ORs up to 3.3. When testing the performance of the whole questionnaire, an AUC of 0.72 was reached with a specificity of 20% for a fixed sensitivity of 95%. Conclusion: The items were associated with LSS and therefore have some potential to identify LSS patients. However, the association was not strong enough to provide sufficient accuracy for a diagnostic tool. Additional dimensions of symptoms of LSS need identification to obtain a reliable questionnaire for screening purposes.
Reaction-Diffusion Manifolds including differential diffusion applied to methane/air combustion in strong extinction regimes

Detailed chemistry simulations of turbulent reacting flows involving combustion of hydrocarbons can easily exceed the available computational resources, depending on the dimensions of the chemical system. Previous work of the authors showed how the combination of the Eulerian Stochastic Fields (ESF) model with tabulated chemistry based on 2-dimensional Reaction-Diffusion Manifolds (REDIM) provided a significant computational speed-up, compared to the finite rate ESF solver. In this work, the behaviour for flame F, featuring a strong degree of extinction, is further investigated. A comparison is performed for 2D and 3D databases, both using simplified and detailed transport, where the scalar dissipation rate is included as the third table parameter. The results show that the upstream sections are well captured by the REDIM built for detailed transport, while the downstream sections are better captured by the simplified transport database. While a 3D-REDIM based on simplified transport seems to be necessary to capture the extinction events, a 2D-REDIM with differential diffusion already provides satisfactory results. Overall, the use of a 3D-REDIM with differential diffusion better describes the global behaviour of flame F.
Producing Game Meat to Meet International Hygiene and Food Safety Requirements in the Bush

although farmers realized the economic potential of game farming some 40 years ago, the commercial utilization of game only grew extensively during the last 20-25 years (higginbottom and King, 2006). south africa has progressed to become a world leader in the sustainable conservation and utilization of game species (ebedes, 2002). It is widely recognized that game farming is the fastest growing agricultural industry in south africa (Van den Berg, 2004) and today there is more game in south africa than at any time in the past 100 years (Bothma, 2005). By 1998 an estimated 2300 exempted game ranches, covering approximately 3.6 million hectares (49%) of land existed in the limpopo province (previously the northern province) and in 2005 the northern cape province had over 1109 exempted game ranches, totalling 19.5-22.0% of the surface area in the province whilst in the eastern cape province the total number of exempted ranches equated to 12.3% of the area (cloete, taljaard and Grové, 2007; hoffman, 2007; table 1). Many cattle farmers are changing over to game farming and during the past century game farming was the fastest growing agricultural industry in the country (Van schalkwyk, 2004). In 2000 there were 5061 “exempted game farms” registered for wildlife ranching with the provincial conservation agencies with a total land area of 10.3 million hectares. this represented an increase of 47% in areas occupied by wildlife ranches since 1993 and total estimated investments of greater than r15.5 billion (porter, Ferrer and aylward, 2003). Bothma (2002) estimated a total of Producing Game Meat to Meet International Hygiene and Food Safety Requirements in the Bush
Determinants of time headway in staggered car-following conditions

Abstract Precise understanding of the factors affecting the choice of following time headway in staggered car-following conditions is essential on the part of traffic modelers to provide a detailed representation of traffic flow, which has a predominant role in microsimulation model development, safety evaluation, capacity estimation and evaluation of traffic management strategies. Using trajectory data from video recordings, an evaluation of the impact of a number of factors (i.e. road width, centerline separation, lead vehicle type) on the following headway of a driver is undertaken in this study. A seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) model for time headways is also developed to examine the correlation of headways with different determinants and speeds of following vehicles. Results of the study suggest that though there is a direct relationship between speed and headway, the extent of off-centeredness between the interacting pair and vehicle type-specific interactions need to be considered to develop mixed-traffic microsimulation models.
Muscle fat composition of pheasants (, wild ducks () and black coots ()

The aim of this investigation was to characterise the fatty acid composition within intramuscular fat (IMF) of two muscles (breast and thigh) from 28 pheasants, ten wild ducks and 27 black coots from Slovakia. A high variability for all single fatty acids (FA) and the total fat concentration in muscles of wild birds was identified. Black coots deposited the highest fat in breast muscle whereas wild ducks and pheasants accumulated more lipids in thigh muscle. In general, the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) of the IMF in wild bird muscles was high, and the saturated FA concentration was lower compared with muscles of domestic farm animals. The ratio between PUFA and saturated fatty acids (PSQ) ranked between 0.6 and 1.2, and the ratio of n -6/ n -3 fatty acid was favourably low in black coot and wild pheasants (3.2 and 2.9, respectively). Farmed pheasants had increased IMF and more saturated and n -6 fatty acids deposited in thigh muscle but not in breast muscle.
SUBMENTAL INTUBATION - CASE REPORTS

The surgeon desires an unobstructed field, and thus in most instances maxillo-mandibular fixation is required intra-operatively for adequate reduction of facial fractures. Achieving optimal occlusion is one of the fundamental aims of the oral and maxillofacial procedures and hence such patients cannot be managed with oro-endotracheal intubation. [4,5] Considering all the factors, the next ideal choice would be tracheostomy, which has significant number of complications including hemorrhage, subcutaneous emphysema, pneumothorax, tracheal stenosis, respiratory tract infections, decanulation and cosmetic disfigurement with significant morbidity. [6,7]
MINIREVIEW Genotypic Approach to the Study of Bacterial Resistance to Antibioticst

The genotypic approach to the study of prokaryotic resis- tance to antibiotics, i.e., detection and characterization of resistance at the genetic level rather than at the phenotypic level, is a recent concept. This concept was made possible by (i) the development of certain techniques of molecular biology (e.g., gene cloning and DNA hybridization, sequenc-ing, and synthesis), (ii) the elucidation of the biochemical mechanism of the vast majority of resistance traits, a prerequisite to the understanding of cross-resistance, (iii) the study of the regulation and heterologous expression of resistance genes, and (iv) detailed examination of the phenotype resulting from the presence of a given resistance mechanism using pairs of isogenic bacteria (8). The possibil-ities offered by this approach are considered here, with particular reference to the identification and study of the distribution of genes conferring in human pathogens resis- tance to antibiotics used in the clinical environment. For the sake of simplicity, this review focuses on a few clinically relevant examples.
A Robust Bit Modification Audio Steganography for Covert Communication

—Sample bit modification for data embedding on a cover audio signal has been shown as a viable technique for steganography and watermarking. Depending on the sample bit index chosen for carrying the embedded data, there is a tradeoff between viability of the data in the presence of noise, robustness and imperceptibility. Although a high threshold of audio samples can carry data at higher bit indices thereby raising robustness, it can be susceptible to noise even at low levels and, with sample amplitudes changed significantly, embedding becomes conspicuous, both detrimental for covert or secure communication. In this paper, modification of the high threshold sample embedding is shown to increase noise immunity with correct data retrieval at a lower payload, but without sacrificing indiscernibility. Experimental results using a noise-free utterance (from a corpus of read speech) and a noisy utterance (between air traffic controllers and pilots) show zero to low bit error rate of hidden data recovery at added noise levels of 50 decibels of signal-to-noise ratio.
T LymphocytesmRNA, and Protein Expression in Activated Networks Mapped by Global MicroRNA, MicroRNA Regulation of Molecular

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate speciﬁc immune mechanisms, but their genome-wide regulation of T lymphocyte activation is largely unknown. We performed a multidimensional functional genomics analysis to integrate genome-wide differential mRNA, miRNA, and protein expression as a function of human T lymphocyte activation and time. We surveyed expression of 420 human miRNAs in parallel with genome-wide mRNA expression. We identiﬁed a unique signature of 71 differentially expressed miRNAs, 57 of which were previously not known as regulators of immune activation. The majority of miRNAs are upregulated, mRNA expression of these target genes is downregulated, and this is a function of binding multiple miRNAs (combinatorial targeting). Our data reveal that consideration of this complex signature, rather than single miRNAs, is necessary to construct a full picture of miRNA-mediated regulation. Molecular network mapping of miRNA targets revealed the regulation of activation-induced immune signaling. In contrast, pathways populated by genes that are not miRNA targets are enriched for metabolism and biosynthesis. Finally, we speciﬁcally validated miR-155 (known) and miR-221 (novel in T lymphocytes) using locked nucleic acid inhibitors. Inhibition of these two highly upregulated miRNAs in CD4 + T cells was shown to increase proliferation by removing suppression of four target genes linked to proliferation and survival. Thus, multiple lines of evidence link top functional networks directly to T lymphocyte immunity, underlining the value of mapping global gene, protein, and miRNA expression. The Journal of Immunology , 2011, 187: 2233–2243.
MASE-BDI: Agents with Practical Reasoning for Land Use and Cover Change Simulation

Agents with a cognitive dimension are paramount to represent and understand land use and land cover changes that involves decision making. A Belief-Desire-Intention(BDI)-Agent system for environmental simulation was developed:the MASE-BDI framework. MASE-BDI, a novel version of MASE, implements agents that can be represented by their individual beliefs and intentional behavior to choose plans of action in a complex environment. We investigate the advantages, limitations and drawbacks of this new design and how practical reasoning agents can contribute to decision support for sustainability. Experiments were made in a spatially explicit LUCC study case of the Brazilian Cerrado between the years of 2002 and 2008 . MASE-BDI simulation results were compared to those obtained with the multi-agent system for land-use change simulation previously developed in this research project.
MelanomasExpression, Cures Large Established with Heat Shock Protein 70 and CD40L Killing of Normal Melanocytes, Combined

Previously, we showed that nine intradermal injections of a plasmid in which the HSVtk suicide gene is expressed from a melanocyte-speciﬁc promoter (Tyr-HSVtk), combined with a plasmid expressing heat shock protein 70 (CMV-hsp70), along with systemic ganciclovir, kills normal melanocytes and raises a CD8 (cid:1) T cell response that is potent enough to eradicate small, 3-day established B16 tumors. We show in this study that, in that regimen, hsp70 acts as a potent immune adjuvant through TLR-4 signaling and local induction of TNF- (cid:2) . hsp70 is required for migration of APC resident in the skin to the draining lymph nodes to present Ags, derived from the killing of normal melanocytes, to naive T cells. The addition of a plasmid expressing CD40L increased therapeutic efﬁcacy, such that only six plasmid injections were now required to cure large, 9-day established tumors. Generation of potent immunological memory against rechallenge in cured mice accompanied these therapeutic gains, as did induction of aggressive autoimmune symptoms. Expression of CD40L, along with hsp70, increased both the frequency and activity of T cells activated against melanocyte-derived Ags. In this way, addition of CD40L to the hsp70-induced inﬂammatory killing of melanocytes can be used to cure large established tumors and to confer immunological memory against tumor cells, although a concomitant increase in autoimmune sequelae also is produced. The Journal of Immunology, 2006, 177: 4168–4177.
Appendix to “Multi-task Quantile Regression under the Transnormal Model”

The alternating direction method of multiplier (ADMM) has been widely applied to solving large-scale optimization problems, for example, large covariance matrix estimation (Bien & Tibshirani 2011, Xue et al. 2012) and graphical model selection (Ma et al. 2013, Danaher et al. 2013). Now we design a new ADMM to solve the nearest correlation matrix projection. To begin with, we introduce a new variable S = R − R̂s. Then we obtain the equivalent convex optimization problem as
Accumulation Analysis (Artifact)

This artifact contains the data and analysis supporting the literature survey in section 4 of [4]. In our literature survey, we examined 187 papers from the literature that mention “typestate” and analyzed the typestate specifications they contained to determine whether or not they are accumulation typestate specifications. Our purpose in doing this literature survey was to determine whether typestate FSMs were accumulation or not. However, we believe that the collection of typestate automata in typestates.pdf might be useful to anyone interested in the sort of typestate automata that appear in the literature. If we had had access to such a collection (gathered for a different purpose), our classification of whether these typestate automata were accumulation would have been much simpler. Anyone interested in properties of typestate automata can re-use our work.
Effect of Pollarding on Growth and Leaf Biomass Production of MoringaoliferiaLamin Arba MinchZuriyaWoreda, Southern Ethiopia

Moringa oleifera is native to northern India and planted in many parts of the world. In Ethiopia, little is known about the management and silvicultural practices of the plant. The present study was conducted to determine whether different cutting/pollarding heights affect the yield and growth of Moringa oleifera at Arba Minch Zuriya Woreda, Southern Ethiopia from November 2016 and September 2019. Two months old hardened twenty-five seedlings of the tree were planted at 5m x 5m plot at a spacing of 1mx1m. Four pollarding treatments/cutting heights (0.5m, 1.0m, 1.5m and 2.0m) and one control (un-pollarded) were imposed after 12 months of planting using randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Data were collected from 6 inner row individual Moringa trees from each plot. Data on the fresh and dry weight of leaf biomass per tree was taken at the age of 15, 18, 22, 26, 29 months after planting. Fresh wood biomass and the number of shoots rejuvenated after pollarding were also recorded. ANOVA was employed to analyze the collected data. Cutting height affected shoot number and height significantly (P < 0.05). A maximum number of shoots per plant was recorded on un-pollarded treatment (control). Cutting height affected fresh and dry biomass of leaf significantly (P< 0.05). Maximum fresh leaf biomass (823g/tree) was recorded at a lower pollarding height (0.5 meters) followed by 1.5 meters (729g/tree). The lowest fresh leaf biomass was recorded on un-pollarded treatment (268g/tree). Maximum and minimum dry leaf biomass was also obtained at 0.5-meter cutting height (222g/tree) and control (73g/tree) respectively indicating pollarding importance to the tree planted for foliar biomass production. Future research is recommended focusing on long-term growth and management trial of the species.
Design and development of a novel omni-directional platform

This thesis presents the design and development of a unique omni-directional platform known as the Omnibot which was built in the Mechatronic and Robotic Systems Laboratory at UOIT. The Omnibot’s layout is novel because its drive axes do not intersect with the geometric center of the body, which is typical for omni-directional platforms using segmented omni-directional wheels. This design enables the center of mass to be lower in the design and increases the stability. A suspension system was designed for each of the four wheels to limit vibrations and to ensure contact between the wheels and operating surface. The Omnibot was built to modularly support many systems, including a robot arm, without altering the mechanical design of the frame. Two control modes were developed: local and global. Commands to drive the Omnibot can be received from either a joystick that can be directly interfaced with the controller or with commands that are sent from other systems that are either on or off of the Omnibot. Both control modes require encoder feedback to ensure commanded velocities are being executed as specified. Global control requires feedback from an indoor localization system to determine the Omnibot’s pose. Early implementation of the localization system is discussed. An open source robotics software, known as Robot Operating System (ROS) was selected for implementation of the Omnibot systems. ROS serves as a middleware which allows components, such as the localization system and remote desktop, to communicate with each other through a decoupled messaging system. ROS is modular and flexible, allowing for easy adaptation of future components. Test results of the Omnibot in operation are presented.
Experimental Validation of Unlumped Model and its Design Implications for Rotary Series Elastic Actuators

Series Elastic Actuators (SEA) have been in development for multiple decades. In spite of this, few design guidelines exist and stiffness selection for the compliant element still remains a trial-and-error process. In this paper, we experimentally validated the unlumped model first proposed by Orekhov for Rotary SEA(RSEA) and outlined a design methodology for selecting the spring stiffness based on the open loop force control bandwidth of unlumped model for series elastic actuators. We modified the unlumped model to apply to Rotary SEAs. Through experimental system identification, we demonstrated that our new unlumped model for RSEA is a valid model of actuator dynamics. Additionally, we recommended design guidelines for RSEA to achieve desired force control bandwidth based on the pure torque source assumption. An example of the design process was given and actuator performance was verified through dynamic simulations in
An Experimental Screening for â€œSystemicAdjuvants of Immunityâ€(cid:157) Applicable in Cancer Immunotherapy'

the Lewis solid tumor and in the ICIG Cl1 solid tumor. Therefore, this screening battery can be used to detect new systemic adjuvants of immunity applicable in cancer immunotherapy or immunoprophylaxis and gives prelimi nary but necessary information concerning their phar macokinetics. The results obtained on solid tumor pro phylaxis make us cautious about their use in clinical immunotherapy trials on solid tumors, but they give no indication against their use in leukemia.
Design and Construct a System of Auto Tuning for Wireless Power Transmission Systems

: Witricity has recently been considered as a wireless electric power transmission technology via near field non-radial magnetic coupling at limited distances. In this paper, an auto tuning system is introduced for wireless electric power transmission (WPT) systems which have the ability to use in both up frequency and down frequency unlike the other systems which can be designed only for one model of topologies in wireless power transmission system and doesn’t work in other approaches. As well as the ability to scan frequencies and find the right resonance frequency using information analysis receiving from voltage and capacitive reactance automatic compensation sensors from system requirements and also fulfill the conditions of ZVS and ZCS is another its capabilities. Increasing transmission efficiency and transmission power are the results of applying this system.