Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
TCRM_A_272771 989..997

*These authors contributed equally to this work Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine whether dislocation height can predict the use of subtrochanteric osteotomy in patients with Crowe type IV hip dysplasia. Patients and Methods: We retrospectively included 102 patients affected by unilateral Crowe type IV developmental dysplasia who underwent primary total hip arthroplasty with modular cementless stem from April 2008 to May 2019 in our institution. Based on radiographs and operative notes, we found 62 hip arthroplasties were performed with subtrochanteric osteotomy and 40 without subtrochanteric osteotomy, which were named as the (subtrochanteric osteotomy) STO group and non-STO group, respectively. The predictive values of height of greater trochanter, height of femoral head/neck junction, and distalization of greater trochanter were analyzed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results: The ROC curves showed that distalization of greater ntrochanter had the highest areas under the ROC curve (AUC), at 0.998. This was followed by height of greater trochanter and height of head/neck junction, which had AUCs of 0.937 and 0.935, respectively. The optimal thresholds of these three indicators were 4.84 cm, 6.05 cm, and 4.26 cm. At the last follow-up, six dislocations occurred (five in the STO group and one in the nonSTO group). Four hips were treated by closed reduction and two by open reduction. Three patients (all in STO group) developed femoral nerve palsy with skin numbness on the frontal thigh or tibia and all recovered in a year. At outpatient visit, the limb length was measured. LLD was <1 cm in 83/102, 1–2 cm in 18/102, and >2 cm in 1/102. Conclusion: This study reveals that indicators of dislocation height are useful in predicting the use of subtrochanteric osteotomy during total hip arthroplasty for Crowe type IV hip dysplasia. However, a comprehensive, multivariate analysis may be required to validate these results.
Microalgae cultivation for wastewater treatment and biofuel production: a bibliographic overview of past and current trends

A. Unc1, E. Monfet1, A. Potter2, M. A. Camargo-Valero3,4, S. R. Smith5 1 School of Science and the Environment, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook NL, A2H 5G4, Canada 2 Plant and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces NM, 88003, USA 3 Institute for Public Health and Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK 4 Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Campus La Nubia, Manizales, Colombia 5 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, South Kensington Campus, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
Quasi-normal modes for asymptotically safe black holes

Under the hypothesis of asymptotic safety of gravity, the static, spherically symmetric black hole solutions in the infrared limit are corrected by nonperturbative effects. Specifically, the metric is modified by the running of gravitational couplings. In this work, we investigate the effects of this correction to the quasi-normal modes of a test scalar field propagating in this kind of black hole background analytically and numerically. It is found that although the quasi-period frequencies and the damping of oscillations are respectively enhanced and weakened by the quantum correction term, the stability of the black hole remains.
(2014). Anoctamin-1 in the Juvenile Rat Urinary Bladder. PLoS ONE , 9 (9),

Purpose: To investigate presence, location and functional role of calcium-activated chloride channel (CaCC) Anoctamin-1 (Ano1) in rat urinary bladder. MaterialsandMethods: Bladders from 3 week old Wistar rats were studied. End-point PCR on total mRNA was used to assess the expression of Ano1. Immunofluorescent labelling of whole mount bladder tissue imaged with confocal microscope allowed localization of Ano1 and vimentin immunopositive cells. The effects of CaCC blockers: niflumic acid (NFA) (3,10,30 m M) and 5-Nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)benzoic acid (NPPB) (10, 30 m M) on spontaneous phasic contractile activity of intact (with mucosa) and denuded (without mucosa) detrusor strips were measured under isometric tension in organ baths (n=141, N=60). Results: Ano1 expression was found at mRNA level in mucosa and detrusor layers. Confocal microscopy revealed presence of Ano1 immunopositive cells in mucosa and in detrusor layers; a subpopulation of vimentin positive cells expressed Ano1. Both chloride channel blockers reduced the amplitude and frequency of phasic contractions in denuded and intact strips. Conclusions: Ano1 is expressed in rat urinary bladder and is present in cells sharing markers with interstitial cells. CaCC blockers reduced phasic activity of the bladder tissue. Ano1 is expressed in the bladder and plays a role in its spontaneous phasic contractile activity.
A Suggested Framework for the Evaluation of e-Government Services

—The main objective of every government is to provide efficient and effective services to citizens. Recently the Greek Government has devoted significant effort to streamlining business processes using ICT to better manage public administration resources. To this end, public sector services are designed so that they are accessed through single points, while increasing transparency and reducing cycle time for executing processes and disseminating information to civil and other agencies. To control the services provided by state agencies and to improve them continuously, it seems essential that they are continuously evaluated by users. E-government needs to be grounded on in-depth understanding of user needs, perceptions and other factors influencing its uptake. This paper focuses on the field of e-government and more precisely describes an evaluation method for investigating the success of an e-government project. Specifically, a technology adoption model is proposed and developed, which focuses on the specific characteristics of users for the on-line services of an Independent Authority. The model is essentially based on the framework of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and the Use of Technology (UTAUT2) model, which has been enhanced with four additional criteria. The findings reveal that behavioral intention and therefore usage intention are influenced by enablers, as effort expectancy, performance expectancy, social influence, price value and habit, as well as inhibitors such as privacy, profession and user satisfaction. The enhanced model furthers the discussion and development of technology adoption models and helps the government sectors regulate their strategies and future plans to facilitate successful adoption and diffusion of e-services in Greece.
Self-sovereign Identies for Fighting the Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic

Whereas part of the world can benefit from the wonders of digital technologies, undocumented migrants, asylum seekers, and refugees are facing the rough reality of being “invisible” in society and ignored by governments. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the economic impact of the closure of the service industry and the impossibility to keep most of the informal work they perform place them into a limbo without income and unemployment benefits. They are denied formal support because of the lack of a legally recognized identity. For this type of humanitarian support, contemporary identities can offer a way out. Self-sovereign identities (SSI) can provide individuals ownership over their data and the ability to share this with others. The essence is that the owner determines whom they share their identity data with. They have the sole ownership of the identity data. As such, an SSI ensures privacy for undocumented persons. This would allow to provide support to those who are left behind by a lack of formal identity. In this article, we explore the possibility of SSI to assist undocumented individuals throughout the pandemic times. SSI can be used to interact with undocumented workers and to share all kinds of identity data, such as sharing the attestation of COVID-19 tests or the ability to donate money to those who are illegal without sacrificing their identity.
LAND MOBILE SATELLITE CHANNEL SIMULATION

With the advancement in speech coding, several systems have been proposed for land mobile satellite communication. Prior to implementation, a thorough investigation of performance of the system is desired, allowing for choice of signalling system, voice coding algorithm, error detection and correction strategies. A suitable system is desired to simulate real channel characteristics in a laboratory environment. The objective of this project is to simulate land mobile satellite channel characteristics in real time. The channel model used for land mobile satellite communication is based on a four state Markov chain. A linear combination of lognormal, Rayleigh and Rice models is used to describe signal variations. Channel parameters are evaluated from the experimental data collected on a real channel. The data produced by Telecom Australia have been incorporated to simulate various channel environments. Simulation software has been developed which produces error sequences whose distribution and clustering depend on channel parameters. The system has been implemented in real time on a high performance Digital Signal Processing (DSP32c) chip which corrupts the coded speech according to simulated channel environments. Results of simulations are presented which are in close agreement with the real channel characteristics.
invited review The concept of cellular “ﬁght-or-ﬂight” reaction to stress

S. The concept of cellular “ﬁght-or-ﬂight” reac- tion to stress. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 280: F551–F561, 2001. —As animals respond to environmental stress with a set of default reactions described as the “ﬁght-or-ﬂight” response, so do epithelial and endothelial cells when they are confronting stressors in their microenvironment. This review will summarize a growing body of data suggesting the existence of a set of stereotypical cellular reactions to stress, provide some examples of diseases that are characterized by excessive ﬂight reactions, describe the cellular mechanisms whereby the ﬁght-or-ﬂight reaction is accomplished, as well as cellular mechanisms triggering either ﬁght or ﬂight. It is proposed that cell-matrix adhesion is a sensi- tive indicator of the severity of stress. This indicator is interfaced with several default programs for cellular survival or death, thus dictating the fate of the cell. Some diagnostic and therapeutic applications of the concept, presently used and potentially useful, are outlined. The essen- tial feature of this concept is its ability to categorize cellular events in terms of either type of default reaction, predict the details of each, and potentially exploit them clinically.
Exploiting robotics to assess the effects of fatigue on the human wrist joint

— Studies have investigated the use of robotic devices for human wrist function assessment. Robot-aided evaluations can provide accurate measurements under repeatable and controlled conditions. Safety can be enhanced by real time assessment of performance and tailoring each task to an individual’s actual wrist function. Additional tools can be synchronized with a robot to expand the set of quantifiable variables. In this work, we exploited these advantages to develop a reliable and comprehensive protocol to investigate the effects of forearm muscle fatigue on wrist mechanical properties, sensorimotor functions, and physiological changes.
Clinical risk factors and subclinical target organ damage as predictors of new-onset of atrial fibrillation

Publisher Rights Statement: NOTICE: this is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published as Perticone Francesco, Sciacqua Angela, Perticone Maria, Tassone Eliezer J., Sesti Giorgio, Violi Francesco, Lip Gregory Y.H. , Clinical Risk Factors and Subclinical Target Organ Damage as Predictors of New-onset of Atrial Fibrillation: The Catanzaro Atrial Fibrillation Project, International Journal of Cardiology (2014), doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard. 2014.09. 169
Tansley review Opportunities for improving phosphorus-use efﬁciency in crop plants

Limitation of grain crop productivity by phosphorus (P) is widespread and will probably increase in the future. Enhanced P efficiency can be achieved by improved uptake of phosphate from soil (P-acquisition efficiency) and by improved productivity per unit P taken up (P-use efficiency). This review focuses on improved P-use efficiency, which can be achieved by plants that have overall lower P concentrations, and by optimal distribution and redistribution of P in the plant allowing maximum growth and biomass allocation to harvestable plant parts. Significant decreases in plant P pools may be possible, for example, through reductions of superfluous ribosomal RNA and replacement of phospholipids by sulfolipids and galactolipids. Improvements in P distribution within the plant may be possible by increased remobilization from tissues that no longer need it (e.g. senescing leaves) and reduced partitioning of P to developing grains. Such changes would prolong and enhance the productive use of P in photosynthesis and have nutritional and environmental benefits. Research considering physiological, metabolic, molecular biological, genetic and phylogenetic aspects of P-use efficiency is urgently needed to allow significant progress to be made in our understanding of this complex trait.
Local time dependence of auroral peak emission height and morphology

We investigate the bulk behaviour of auroral structures and peak emission height as a function of magnetic local time (MLT). These data are collected from the Fennoscandian Lapland and Svalbard latitudes from seven identical auroral all-sky cameras over about one solar cycle. The analysis focusses on green auroral emission, which is where the morphology is most clearly visible and the number of images is highest. The typical peak emission height of the green and blue aurora varies from 110 km on the nightside to about 118 km in the morning MLT over the Lapland region. It stays systematically higher 5 (at 118–120 km) at high latitudes (Svalbard) at nighttime and reaches 140 km at around magnetic noon. During high solar wind speed (above 500 km/s) nightside emission heights appear about 5 km lower than during slow solar wind speed (below 400 km/s). The sign of the Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF) has nearly no effect on the emission heights in the night sector, but northward IMF causes lower emission heights in the dawn over Lapland and during the noon hours over Svalbard. While the former is interpreted as a change in the particle population within the ﬁeld-of-view, the latter is rather due to the movement 10 of the cusp location due to the IMF orientation. The morning sector heights also show a pronounced difference when previously detected pulsating aurora events have been excluded/included in the dataset, suggesting that this type of aurora is a dominant phenomenon in the morning and an important dissipation mechanism. wind driving and during higher geomagnetic activity (as 15 measured by auroral electrojet index, AL). During high solar wind speed, the high latitude auroral evolution shows particularly complex morphology, which is not limited to the nightside but rather only excluding the magnetic noon hours. An increase in the geomagnetic activity further enhances the structural complexity of the aurora in the morning sector.
Anti-VEGF Therapy in Cancer: A Double-Edged Sword Anti-VEGF Therapy in Cancer: A Double-Edged Sword

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a mitogen that plays a crucial role in angio- genesis and lymphangiogenesis. It is involved in tumor survival through inducing tumor angiogenesis and by increasing chemoresistance through autocrine signaling. Because of its importance in tumor formation and survival, several medications have been developed to inhibit VEGF and reduce blood vessel formation in cancer. Although these medi- cations have proven to be effective for late-stage and metastatic cancers, they have been shown to cause side effects such as hypertension, artery clots, complications in wound healing, and, more rarely, gastrointestinal perforation and fistulas. Current research in using anti-VEGF medication as a part of cancer treatments is focusing on elucidating the mechanisms of tumor resistance to VEGF medication, developing predictive biomarkers that assess whether a patient will respond to VEGF therapy and creating novel treatments and techniques that increase the efficacy of antiangiogenic medication. This chapter aims to review the role of VEGF in tumor angiogenesis and metastasis, the structure and func- tion of VEGF and its receptors, and VEGF’s role in cancer are discussed. Furthermore, tumor therapies targeting VEGF along with their side effects are presented and, finally, new directions in anti-VEGF therapy are considered along with the challenges. a prosurvival factor; VEGF-C and –D regulate lymphangiogenesis; VEGF-E is found in the Orf virus; and PlGF encourages VEGF-A to bind to VEGFR-2, thereby stimulating angiogenesis, and encourages the transcription of JNK and p38.
Natural to Inhibitors of the Ubiquinol Cytochrome c Oxidoreductase of Rubrivivax gelatinosus : Sequence and Functional Analysis of the Cytochrome bc 1 Complex

Biochemical analyses of Rubrivivax gelatinosus membranes have revealed that the cytochrome bc 1 complex is highly resistant to classical inhibitors including myxothiazol, stigmatellin, and antimycin. This is the ﬁrst report of a strain exhibiting resistance to inhibitors of both catalytic Q 0 and Q i sites. Because the resistance to cytochrome bc 1 inhibitors is primarily related to the cytochrome b primary structure, the petABC operon encoding the subunits of the cytochrome bc 1 complex of Rubrivivax gelatinosus was sequenced. In addition to homologies to the corresponding proteins from other organisms, the deduced amino acid sequence of the cytochrome b polypeptide shows (i) an E303V substitution in the highly conserved PEWY loop involved in quinol/stigmatellin binding, (ii) other substitutions that could be involved in resistance to cytochrome bc 1 inhibitors, and (iii) 14 residues instead of 13 between the histidines in helix IV that likely serve as the second axial ligand to the b H and b L hemes, respectively. These characteristics imply different functional properties of the cytochrome bc 1 complex of this bacterium. The consequences of these structural features for the resistance to inhibitors and for the properties of R. gelatinosus cytochrome bc 1 are discussed with reference to the structure and function (cid:7) . The primers used to clone the A. vinosum 0.4-kb fragment of the petB gene (5 (cid:7) -CGCTGGAGCGACAGGCTCCG-3 (cid:7) and 5 (cid:7) -CGGTCGCCCACTTGAAG ATC-3 (cid:7) ) were based on the previously published sequence (10). DNA sequenc-ing was performed with an ABI 373 automatic DNA sequencer. Nucleotide sequence accession number. The sequences reported in this paper were deposited in GenBank under accession no. AF380164.
Phase Diagram of the Perovskite System (1−x)BiScO3-xPbTiO3

The perovskite (1−x)BiScO3-xPbTiO3 (BS-PT) system exhibits a large piezoelectric coefficient (d33>460pC∕N in polycrystalline form) and a high Curie temperature TC=450°C in the vicinity of the morphotropic phase boundary (x=0.64mol fraction PbTiO3), which separates the rhombohedral and tetragonal phases. The present contribution reports on revisions to the BiScO3-PbTiO3 phase diagram specifically, (i) the compositional dependence of the octahedral tilt-transition temperature (x<0.62mol fraction PT), as determined using variable-temperature transmission electron microscopy, (ii) high-temperature curvature of the rhombohedral-tetragonal morphotropic phase boundary determined using dielectric measurements on single crystals, and (iii) Curie temperatures in the tetragonal phase field, which exceed that of the PbTiO3 end member.
Microsoft Word-Rubio-Gracia.docx

Energy metabolism fuels swimming and other biological processes. We compared the swimming performance and energy metabolism within and across eight freshwater fish species. Using swim tunnel respirometers, we measured the standard metabolic rate (SMR) and maximum metabolic rate (MMR) and calculated the critical swimming speed (Ucrit). We accounted for body size, metabolic traits and some morphometric ratios in an effort to understand the extent and underlying causes of variation. Body mass was largely the best predictor of swimming capacity and metabolic traits within species. Moreover, we found that predictive models using total length or SMR, in addition to body mass, significantly increased the explained variation of Ucrit and MMR in certain fish species. These predictive models also underlined that, once body mass has been accounted for, Ucrit can be independently affected by total length or MMR. This study exemplifies the utility of multiple regression models to assess within-species variability. At interspecific level, our results showed that variation in Ucrit can partly be explained by the variation in the interrelated traits of MMR, fineness and muscle ratios. Among the species studied, bleak Alburnus alburnus performed best in terms of swimming performance and efficiency. By contrast, pumpkinseed Lepomis gibbosus showed very poor swimming performance, but attained lower massspecific cost of transport (MCOT) than some rheophilic species, possibly reflecting a cost reduction strategy to compensate for hydrodynamic disadvantages. In conclusion, this study provides insight into the key factors influencing the swimming performance of fish at both intraand interspecific levels.
Comparative Fibrinolysis

Haemostasis prevents leaks or obstructions within the blood vessels following three interrelated sequences: formation of the haemostatic plug, platelet consolidation and dissolution of fibrin clot by the fibrinolytic system (Juhan-Vague and Hans 2003; Van Cott and Laposata 2001; Vasse 2008). Coagulation factors circulate in the blood as proenzymes until they are activated by vascular damage (Lane et al. 2005; Owens and Mackman 2010). These enzymes amplified and disseminated the sequence and then are stopped by natural inhibitors (Mulder et al. 2010; Middeldorp 2011) and the fibrinolytic system (Greenberg and Orthner 1999; Levi et al. 2012). Cellular phospholipids make the process much more efficient (Hoffman 2003; Gentry 2004; Rivera et al. 2009). Activated Factor XIIIa stabilizes the polymer (Sidelmann et al. 2000; Greenberg and Lai 2003; Muszbek et al. 2011). Plasminogen (Plg) is the key in thrombus lysis; and is synthesized in mammals principally by the liver (Staf‐ ford 1964; Degen 2001; Zhang et al. 2002; Zorio et al. 2008). Natural Plg activators are: tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and urokinase (uPA) (Fleming and Melzig 2012); streptoki‐ nase (SK) acts as in an exogenous path (Sazonova et al. 2009). Free Plm is very active and degrades other proteins, such as complement, fibrinogen (Fbg), factors II, V and VIII or activates metallo-proteases involved in tissue remodeling by degradation of cellular matrix (Collen 2001; Parfyonova et al. 2002; Dewyer et al. 2007). The main inhibitors of Plm are the alpha2 plasmin inhibitor (α2PI) (Menoud et al. 1996; Fraser et al. 2011) and Plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) (Declerk et al. 1998; Vaughan 2005). Thrombin activata‐ ble fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) is a link between the two systems, it is activated by thrombin generated during coagulation, and suppresses fibrinolysis (Marx 2004; Hilmayer et al. 2006; Milijic et al. 2010).