Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Molecular Simulation of H2/CH4 Mixture Storage and Adsorption in Kaolinite Nanopores for Underground Hydrogen Storage

Hydrogen has been regarded as an important type of renewable energy; however, the usage of pure hydrogen remains a challenge due to the difficulty of transportation and storage. To facilitate the hydrogen usage, it has been proposed to add hydrogen into the existing natural gas pipeline and storage systems, and therefore, the blended hydrogen is injected into the underground gas reservoirs, which is often used for the seasonal storage of natural gas. However, the mechanism of the H2/CH4 mixture storage in the porous formations of underground reservoirs still remains unclear. In this work, we have used molecular simulations to study the storage of the H2/CH4 mixture in dry and wet kaolinite pores of gibbsite and siloxane structures aiming at the clays in the underground porous reservoirs. The results showed that the hydrogen storage density increases as the injected H2 fraction increases in the dry pores but is nearly not affected by the pore size in the range of 5–200 nm. For the H2 fraction below 20%, the percentage of the H2 stored in the pores from the injected gas mixture is higher than that of CH4, and the larger pores are more preferential for H2 storage, but the H2 molecule distribution is more diffused than that of CH4 across the pore. The CH4 molecules adopt the tripod and inclined configurations with an angle of 110° or 70° toward the surface, while the H2 molecules are perpendicular to the surface. But both the molecular structures of H2 and CH4 are not affected by the gibbsite/siloxane structure or water content. However, the siloxane pores have a better selective storage capacity for H2 from the H2/CH4 mixture. The existence of water in the formation weakens both the H2 and CH4 storage densities. For gibbsite pores, the water molecules form a film on the surface, driving the H2 and CH4 molecules to the middle of the pore. But for siloxane pores, the water molecules form water cluster across the pore, leaving less pore volumes for H2 and CH4 storage, which causes a weaker H2 storage capacity than that of the gibbsite pores.
A fungal reproductive unit from the Lower Devonian Rhynie chert (Aberdeenshire, Scotland) that demonstrates an unusual hyphal investment pattern

The Early Devonian Rhynie chert has yielded the oldest evidence of hyphal investments (= mantles) in fungal reproductive units, with four different investment morphologies documented to date. This paper describes an unusual fungal reproductive unit from the Rhynie chert that is spheroid–elongate in outline, up to 60 μm in diameter, and consists of a thin-walled central cavity enveloped in a plectenchymatous or pseudoparenchymatous investment of tightly abutting, interwoven hyphae; pores extend through the investment. Several specimens contain a single spherical structure in the cavity. Because the structure of the investment differs from that seen in all other fossil fungal reproductive units, the new genus Scepasmatocarpion and species S. fenestrulatum are proposed for the new form. The systematic affinities of S. fenestrulatum remain unresolved. Nevertheless, the fossils support the hypothesis that the diversity of the fungi that produced hyphal envelopes was extensive by the Early Devonian.
Protein Association in Solution: Statistical Mechanical Modeling

Protein molecules associate in solution, often in clusters beyond pairwise, leading to liquid phase separations and high viscosities. It is often impractical to study these multi-protein systems by atomistic computer simulations, particularly in multi-component solvents. Instead, their forces and states can be studied by liquid state statistical mechanics. However, past such approaches, such as the Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory, were limited to modeling proteins as spheres, and contained no microscopic structure–property relations. Recently, this limitation has been partly overcome by bringing the powerful Wertheim theory of associating molecules to bear on protein association equilibria. Here, we review these developments.
Coeficientes culturais da casta Touriga Nacional na região do Dão

In order to study the effects of irrigation and water regime on the behavior of grapevine “Touriga Nacional” a field trial was conducted in a vineyard in the Dão region, center of Portugal. The transpiration of vines was estimated from their radiative surface temperature using a two-layer model based on the partition of net radiation between the components of the vegetated surface (vines, soil and grass cover), considering that the vines and the undercover (soil and grass cover) act separately and in parallel. Latent heat flux from the vines to the atmosphere is determined from vine net radiation and sensible heat flux. Besides the estimation of the daily values of transpiration, the model also allows to characterize the diurnal evolution of the components of the energy balance. The analysis of the seasonal evolution of the E c /ET o ratio in the full irrigated treatment (FI) leads to the identification of three phases that correspond to the general form of the K cb curve indicated for the generality of crops. The relation between the stress coefficient ( K s ) and the available soil water fraction for the superficial soil layer down to the 130 cm depth ( FTSW 130 ) has two phases. When FTSW 130 is higher than 40-50%, the K s is constant, with values nearly one, corresponding to a non-stress condition. For a FTSW 130 below these values, the K s tends to decrease as soil water content decreases. The lower values of K s were recorded on the non-irrigated treatment (NI) in 2005 ( K s = 0,48) and 2006 ( K s = 0,55).
Factors Influencing the Healthcare Workers’ Willingness to Receive the COVID-19 Booster Dose in Tuscany (Italy)

Background: The World Health Organization has defined vaccine hesitancy as behavior influenced by several factors, including trust in the vaccine itself or its provider or the perceived need for vaccination. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors influencing the willingness to receive the COVID-19 vaccine among the employees and healthcare professionals of the Central Tuscany Local Health Authority (CT-LHA) in Italy. Methods: From July to October 2022, a cross-sectional study was conducted. An online questionnaire was administered to 7000 employees of the CT-LHA. The questionnaire analyzed the factors that influenced receiving the booster dose of the COVID-19 vaccine. The sample was stratified by gender, age, type of occupation (healthcare or non-healthcare workers), and seniority. Incomplete questionnaires were excluded. A chi-squared test was performed through STATA. The significance level was set at 95%. Results: Of the questionnaires administered, 1885 (26.9%) questionnaires were eligible for the study. In the previous vaccination campaign, the healthcare workers (HCWs) considered the vaccine used by CT-LHA as safe, in contrast to non-healthcare workers (N-HCWs), who considered it less secure (p < 0.05). The HCWs showed a higher propensity for vaccine safety to receive the booster dose than N-HCWs. N-HCWs appeared to be less affected by an updated booster dose than HCWs (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The factors studied appear to influence HCWs differently from N-HCWs. Both HCWs and N-HCWs would choose an upgraded mRNA vaccine for the booster dose.
Epistemology of synthetic biology: a new theoretical framework based on its potential objects and objectives

Synthetic biology is a new research field which attempts to understand, modify, and create new biological entities by adopting a modular and systemic conception of the living organisms. The development of synthetic biology has generated a pluralism of different approaches, bringing together a set of heterogeneous practices and conceptualizations from various disciplines, which can lead to confusion within the synthetic biology community as well as with other biological disciplines. I present in this manuscript an epistemological analysis of synthetic biology in order to better define this new discipline in terms of objects of study and specific objectives. First, I present and analyze the principal research projects developed at the foundation of synthetic biology, in order to establish an overview of the practices in this new emerging discipline. Then, I analyze an important scientometric study on synthetic biology to complete this overview. Afterwards, considering this analysis, I suggest a three-level classification of the object of study for synthetic biology (which are different kinds of living entities that can be built in the laboratory), based on three successive criteria: structural hierarchy, structural origin, functional origin. Finally, I propose three successively linked objectives in which synthetic biology can contribute (where the achievement of one objective led to the development of the other): interdisciplinarity collaboration (between natural, artificial, and theoretical sciences), knowledge of natural living entities (past, present, future, and alternative), pragmatic definition of the concept of “living” (that can be used by biologists in different contexts). Considering this new theoretical framework, based on its potential objects and objectives, I take the position that synthetic biology has not only the potential to develop its own new approach (which includes methods, objects, and objectives), distinct from other subdisciplines in biology, but also the ability to develop new knowledge on living entities.
Microbial Examination of Bacteria Isolated from Raw Beef Samples Sold in Opolo Market, Yenagoa Metropolis, Bayelsa State, Nigeria

The objective of this paper is to evaluate the microbial examination of bacteria isolates in beef sold in Opolo market Yenagoa metropolis, Bayelsa State Nigeria using standard microbial techniques. The research was carried out for a period of four (4) months. Total viable counts of beef samples obtained from the marketanges from 7.3 X 102cfu/ml to 9.9 X 102cfu/ml for vendors a, b and cn nutrient agar and 6.4 X 102cfu/ml to 8.0 X 102cfu/ml on cetrimide agar for vendors A, B and C for the three vendors. Beef samples from Vendor B had the highest bacterial count 9.9 X 102cfu/ml on nutrient agar while the sample from Vendor C had the highest bacterial count 8.0 X 102cfu/ml on cetrimide agar. The Bacteria encountered in the beef samples were Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium and Bacillus cereus. The percentage of occurrence of bacteria isolates present in beef samples from Opolo Market showed Micrococcus luteusas the highest occurring bacteria isolate with 55% occurrence and Salmonella typhimuriumas lowest occurring bacteria isolate with 5% occurrence.
Análisis de la Violencia Laboral en una Muestra de Trabajadores de la Frontera Norte de Chihuahua

Actualmente hablar de violencia es alarmante, es un fenómeno social que está presente y se manifiesta de diferentes formas. En México, la violencia como tal es un constructo que se encuentra en la cotidianidad. En particular, la situación de la frontera Norte de Chihuahua no es ajena a este fenómeno, ya que se presentan casos de violencia. El objetivo fue analizar si las personas han experimentado violencia laboral en el centro de trabajo. Este estudio se llevó a cabo en el sectores público y privado de la frontera Norte de Chihuahua. La investigación fue de corte cuantitativo, no experimental, transversal y descriptivo, se consideraron como sujetos de estudio a personas que han experimentado violencia laboral durante los últimos 6 meses, para ello se empleó una muestra no probabilística por conveniencia de 100 personas. Los resultados de este estudio indican que en su mayoría los participantes han experimentado algún tipo de violencia en el lugar de trabajo. Además, se destaca que un ambiente tóxico propicia a una relación negativa con las personas ya sea de forma directa e indirecta, y por ende esto repercute en el ambiente de trabajo y en el desempeño de los trabajadores.
Metabolic Mechanisms Underlying Heat and Drought Tolerance in Lentil Accessions: Implications for Stress Tolerance Breeding

Climate change has significantly exacerbated the effects of abiotic stresses, particularly high temperatures and drought stresses. This study aims to uncover the mechanisms underlying heat and drought tolerance in lentil accessions. To achieve this objective, twelve accessions were subjected to high-temperature stress (32/20 °C), while seven accessions underwent assessment under drought stress conditions (50% of field capacity) during the reproductive stage. Our findings revealed a significant increase in catalase activity across all accessions under both stress conditions, with ILL7814 and ILL7835 recording the highest accumulations of 10.18 and 9.33 under drought stress, respectively, and 14 µmol H2O2 mg protein−1 min−1 under high temperature. Similarly, ascorbate peroxidase significantly increased in all tolerant accessions due to high temperatures, with ILL6359, ILL7835, and ILL8029 accumulating the highest values with up 50 µmol ascorbate mg protein−1 min−1. In contrast, no significant increase was obtained for all accessions subjected to water stress, although the drought-tolerant accessions accumulated more APX activity (16.59 t to 25.08 µmol ascorbate mg protein−1 min−1) than the sensitive accessions. The accessions ILL6075, ILL7814, and ILL8029 significantly had the highest superoxide dismutase activity under high temperature, while ILL6363, ILL7814, and ILL7835 accumulated the highest values under drought stress, each with 22 to 25 units mg protein−1. Under both stress conditions, ILL7814 and ILL7835 recorded the highest contents in proline (38 to 45 µmol proline/g FW), total flavonoids (0.22 to 0.77 mg QE g−1 FW), total phenolics (7.50 to 8.79 mg GAE g−1 FW), total tannins (5.07 to 20 µg CE g−1 FW), and total antioxidant activity (60 to 70%). Further, ILL7814 and ILL6338 significantly recorded the highest total soluble sugar content under high temperature (71.57 and 74.24 mg g−1, respectively), while ILL7835 achieved the maximum concentration (125 mg g−1) under drought stress. The accessions ILL8029, ILL6104, and ILL7814 had the highest values of reducing sugar under high temperature with 0.62 to 0.79 mg g−1, whereas ILL6075, ILL6363, and ILL6362 accumulated the highest levels of this component under drought stress with 0.54 to 0.66 mg g−1. Overall, our findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the metabolomic responses of lentil to drought and heat stresses, serving as a valuable reference for lentil stress tolerance breeding.
A Procedural Checklist for Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumors (TURBT) Enhances Operative Dictation and Assesses Surgeon Accuracy of Tumor Characteristic Predictions

BACKGROUND: A lack of standardization is pervasive in procedural application and reporting templates for TURBT with the use of a surgical checklist proposed as a means for quality improvement. OBJECTIVE: To introduce a TURBT checklist to assess surgeon prediction accuracy and the impact of standardized documentation on quality of resection and oncologic outcomes METHODS: Nine critical elements of a high-quality TURBT identified by literature review were incorporated into a prospectively implemented checklist for operative reports. The checklist included both visualized and predicted tumor characteristics. A retrospective single-institution analysis compared quality of dictation pre- and post-checklist implementation. Surgeon predictions were compared to final pathology reports to determine rates of concordance. Kaplan-Meier curves examined the association of checklist use with recurrence free survival (RFS). RESULTS: 333 operative reports were included in this analysis, of which 107 (32.1%) were completed pre-checklist implementation. The average number of critical elements reported was 8.69 with checklist use compared to 4.99 without (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in RFS between the pre- and post-checklist cohorts (log-rank test p = 0.53). Surgeons were least and most accurate in predicting low grade tumor (43.5%) and absence of muscle invasion (96.6%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Incorporation of a TURBT surgical checklist improves operative dictation and quality of reporting but did not directly impact RFS. With quality of initial resection a proven correlate to recurrence rates, checklist implementation to improve surgical performance and long-term oncologic outcomes reveals an interesting area of exploration highlighting the need for more standardized methodology when performing these procedures.
Interseismic locking on the Hikurangi subduction zone: Uncertainties from slow‐slip events

Interseismic locking on the Hikurangi subduction zone in New Zealand is examined in light of alternative assumed locking distributions and the impact of transients (slow‐slip and volcanic sources) on temporal and spatial resolution. The modern pattern of locking in the north is poorly resolved and, based on simulations of possible transient behavior, may be an ephemeral feature of the subduction cycle. While there appears to be some contemporary locking in the northern half of the Hikurangi subduction zone (HSZ), its location is model dependent, and hence, its relationship to structure, slow‐slip, or any transition zone there is unclear. Simulations of site velocities using the 14 year history of transient events reveal that in the timescale of the interseismic period the northern half of the HSZ could be either locked or unlocked, and this may not be resolvable for decades. In the southern half, there is strong contemporary locking in the 15 to 40 km depth range, but again, the slow‐slip history leads to uncertainty in the long‐term pattern. Slow‐slip events not only reduce the long‐term locking by aseismic slip but also greatly hinder our ability to see it. It is within the range of possible models that the slip deficit rate at the HSZ is more uniform along strike, and the modern appearance is controlled by the particular pattern of transients over the past 10 to 20 years when the GPS data were collected. Similarly, uncertainties in surface velocities will be large at any subduction zone with large transients.
Levels of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Zn, As and Pb in Some Cosmetic Products in Jimeta – Yola Modern Market, Adamawa State, Nigeria

Elevated concentration of heavy metals in cosmetics and toiletries is known to cause heavy metal toxicity to humans. in this work, the concentration of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Zn, As, Pb obtained from selected cosmetic products sold in Jimeta – Yola mordern market, Adamawa State, Nigeria were evaluated by analyzing sixteen (16) cosmetic products using the buck scientific atomic absorption spectrophotometer, model 210 VGP. Results showed that the presence of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Zn, As, Pb in all the products analyzed range from 0.001 – 3.456 ppm. The data revealed that these metals were present in low quantities, however, prolonged use of these products could result in increased metal–body burden through bioaccumulation and pose human health risk.
Disitamab Vedotin (RC48) for HER2-positive advanced breast cancer: a case report and literature review

Background/aim Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer is associated with a higher risk of metastasis and poorer overall survival (OS) due to HER2 gene overexpression/amplification. Although anti-HER2 targeted therapy has shown survival benefits in HER2-positive advanced breast cancer (ABC) patients, long-term treatment often leads to drug resistance, complicating further treatment options. RC48, an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), combines the benefits of antibody targeting with the cytotoxic effects of a small molecule drug. Case report We present a case involving a female patient with HER2-positive ABC who developed drug resistance and disease progression following multi-line anti-HER2 targeted therapy. In this instance, RC48 exhibited anti-tumor activity in an ABC patient resistant to HER2-targeted therapy. After eight treatment cycles with 120 mg of RC48, the tumor size decreased and stabilized. Conclusion This case report underscores the potential clinical value of RC48 as a promising treatment alternative for patients resistant to HER2 targeted therapies.
UNLOCKING THE POWER OF DIGITAL LIBRARIES: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW

Digital libraries have become integral to the modern information landscape, providing users access to vast collections of digital resources. This comprehensive review explores the usability and impact of digital libraries, shedding light on their significance in academia, education, culture, and society. In the realm of usability, the paper delves into the critical aspects of user interface design, information retrieval, and user experience. It highlights the importance of user-friendly interfaces, efficient search functionality, and accessibility. Furthermore, it emphasizes the connection between user satisfaction, engagement, and user-centered design principles. Turning to the impact of digital libraries, the paper showcases their pivotal role in academia, facilitating access to scholarly resources and promoting collaborative, interdisciplinary research. In education, digital libraries support distance learning and enrich classroom teaching, enhancing student learning experiences. Moreover, digital libraries play a vital role in preserving cultural heritage, democratizing knowledge, and addressing societal information disparities. They also have significant economic implications, leading to cost savings for institutions and fostering innovation and entrepreneurship. However, challenges and limitations persist, including issues related to the digital divide, copyright concerns, sustainability, and technological obsolescence. The paper suggests recommendations for mitigating these challenges and ensuring digital libraries' continued growth and impact. As we look to the future, the paper explores potential technological advancements, continued user-centered design, collaboration, and the evolving landscape of open-access initiatives. In conclusion, this review underscores digital libraries' profound usability and impact in shaping how we access, share, and utilize information. It calls for continued investment in these valuable digital resources and invites researchers, institutions, and policymakers to embrace the opportunities they present for the benefit of society.
Overview of transparency and inspectability mechanisms to achieve accountability of artificial intelligence systems

Abstract Several governmental organizations all over the world aim for algorithmic accountability of artificial intelligence systems. However, there are few specific proposals on how exactly to achieve it. This article provides an extensive overview of possible transparency and inspectability mechanisms that contribute to accountability for the technical components of an algorithmic decision-making system. Following the different phases of a generic software development process, we identify and discuss several such mechanisms. For each of them, we give an estimate of the cost with respect to time and money that might be associated with that measure.