Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Biodegradation of Atrazine Herbicide: A Mini-review

Atrazine herbicide is known to disrupt the endocrine system and is potentially carcinogenic. The long-term use of this herbicide results in high residue levels in soil, causing water contamination of agricultural land. Microbial degradation of herbicide represents a cost-effective way of eco-restoration compared to the more expensive physicochemical methods, especially in soil settings. Growth and degradation of atrazine by microorganisms are optimal at specific concentrations, temperature, pH, inoculum size and hours of incubation. Previously isolated microorganisms have demonstrated high efficiency for atrazine biodegradation with a broad optimum pH and temperature. The metabolic pathway for biodegradation has been elucidated and reveals important characteristics. These organisms as suitable candidates for bioremediation of atrazine-polluted sites have shown great potential for atrazine degradation. This review aimed to catalogue and update the characteristics of isolated atrazine-degrading microorganisms to date.
System dynamics analysis of mortality post allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is a well-proven treatment for hematologic malignancies and non-malignancies, but it has a high risk of disease recurrence and severe transplant-related morbidity and death. The mortality and long-term survival of post-allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients are improving due to improvements in condition procedures, methods, novel medicines, and supportive care practices. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo-HCT) findings, nonetheless, still present a chance for recovery. The results of this investigation updated previous research on risk factors for death following allogeneic HCT. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess mortality post allo-HCT through a comprehensive literature search using PUBMED/MEDLINE, CINAHL, Web of Science, and EMBASE up to April 30, 2023 and extracted clinical outcome data relating to benefits followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The search identified 551 studies. Only 12 studies (n = 450 patients) met our inclusion criteria. OS rates were the subject of the meta-analysis. The following were the outcomes of heterogeneity tests: According to Chi2=9.14, df=6, P=0.17, and I2=34 percent, the study's data did not appear to be heterogeneous. The OS rate did not differ significantly (P>0.05) using the fixed-effect model analysis. In conclusion, the HSCT must offer the best overall survival, quality of life, and cost outcomes compared to any other treatment strategy. More studies will need a lot of data, and careful data analysis will help get clear data on HSCT outcomes.
Cross-Scale-Guided Fusion Transformer for Disaster Assessment Using Satellite Imagery

When a disaster strikes, accurate disaster information and effective response are critical for saving lives and properties. High-resolution satellite (HRS) imagery provides valuable geographical information that can assist experts in analyzing damage levels in different areas and enacting appropriate relief plans. However, analyzing large HRS images is both time-consuming and inefficient, requiring efficient automated methods to replace expert analysis. Fortunately, deep learning methods have achieved impressive performance on HRS image processing tasks, considerably increasing automation levels. Despite this progress, most HRS-based damage assessment methods only consider a single time series of postdisaster images or simply integrate pre- and postdisaster images, lacking the integration of effective information between pre- and postdisaster images. To alleviate this problem, we propose a two-stage multiscale fusion network that fully exploits the information contained in pre- and postdisaster images. Specifically, we employ a hierarchical transformer to accurately locate buildings by predisaster images in the first stage, and then propose the guided fusion (GF) and cross-scale GF modules in the second stage to efficiently utilize both pre- and postdisaster images. Our method outperforms state-of-the-art (SOTA) methods in building segmentation and building damage assessment on the xBD dataset, and exhibits improved generalization across diverse geographic regions and disaster types.
Advanced Mechanical Testing Technologies at the Cellular Level: The Mechanisms and Application in Tissue Engineering

Mechanics, as a key physical factor which affects cell function and tissue regeneration, is attracting the attention of researchers in the fields of biomaterials, biomechanics, and tissue engineering. The macroscopic mechanical properties of tissue engineering scaffolds have been studied and optimized based on different applications. However, the mechanical properties of the overall scaffold materials are not enough to reveal the mechanical mechanism of the cell–matrix interaction. Hence, the mechanical detection of cell mechanics and cellular-scale microenvironments has become crucial for unraveling the mechanisms which underly cell activities and which are affected by physical factors. This review mainly focuses on the advanced technologies and applications of cell-scale mechanical detection. It summarizes the techniques used in micromechanical performance analysis, including atomic force microscope (AFM), optical tweezer (OT), magnetic tweezer (MT), and traction force microscope (TFM), and analyzes their testing mechanisms. In addition, the application of mechanical testing techniques to cell mechanics and tissue engineering scaffolds, such as hydrogels and porous scaffolds, is summarized and discussed. Finally, it highlights the challenges and prospects of this field. This review is believed to provide valuable insights into micromechanics in tissue engineering.
Examining the Relationship between Pro-Environmental Attitudes, Self-Determination, and Sustained Intention in Eco-Friendly Sports Participation: A Study on Plogging Participants

In response to rising environmental concerns and the increase in eco-friendly sports activities, this study investigated the determinants of sustained intention to participate in plogging, a combination of jogging and litter collection. A total of 288 randomly assigned plogging participants were surveyed to discern the effects of autonomy, competence, and relatedness experiences on sustained plogging intentions as suggested by self-determination theory. The study also examined the moderating role of eco-friendly attitudes. The analysis, executed using multi-group structural equation modeling, revealed that while autonomy and competence did not significantly influence extrinsic motivation, relatedness emerged as the most influential factor. This suggests that plogging primarily serves as a prosocial behavior, enhancing relationships, rather than a means to increase physical competence. The values derived from plogging and the intention to continue varied based on the participants’ eco-friendly attitudes. The authors conclude that voluntary participation and socialization are the core values of plogging and understanding these can promote healthier and more sustainable behaviors.
A Three-Phase Synergetically Controlled Buck–Boost Current DC-Link EV Charger

With the ever-increasing share of electric vehicles (EVs) comes a need for highly efficient and compact EV chargers. EV charger modules should provide a wide-output-voltage range (200–1000 V) to ensure compatibility with various EV battery voltages. Thus, buck–boost functionality is needed, which can advantageously be realized by a current DC-link topology; a buck-type current-source rectifier (CSR)-stage and a downstream three-level boost-type DC/DC-stage share the main magnetic component (the DC-link inductor). Furthermore, the two stages can operate collaboratively; for low output voltages, the CSR-stage controls the output voltage and the DC/DC-stage is clamped to avoid switching losses; for high output voltages, the DC/DC-stage shapes the DC-link current such that the CSR-stage operates with 2/3-PWM (switching limited to two out of the three phases) and, hence, with reduced switching losses. This article, thus, introduces a simplified synergetic control concept that ensures this loss-optimum operation of the two-stage system for any output voltage. A compact 10-kW hardware demonstrator with a power density of 6.4 kW/dm3 (107.5 W/in3) is then used to verify the control concept and the seamless transitions between operating modes. For the first time, a system-level experimental demonstration of the loss savings achieved by 2/3-PWM is provided, and the precompliance conducted EMI test results meet CISPR 11 Class A. Moreover, a detailed experimental characterization of losses/efficiency over the full range of output voltage and power confirms the loss models and the design procedure presented earlier. Finally, the demonstrator shows quite a flat efficiency characteristic (higher than 98% for most operating points with output voltages above $400 \,\mathrm{V}$ and more than 25% of rated load) with a peak efficiency of 98.8% at 520 V output voltage and 5 kW. All in all, the presented current DC-link buck–boost PFC rectifier system features a promising solution for future isolated or nonisolated EV charger modules.
Untriggered search for rapid optical transients with Mini-MegaTORTORA wide-field monitoring system

Abstract Here we report ongoing efforts for an untriggered search of rapid optical transients of various astrophysical and non-astrophysical origins on time scales down to fractions of a second with Mini-MegaTORTORA. Mini-MegaTORTORA is a novel 9-channel wide-field optical monitoring system in operation since 2014 at Special Astrophysical Observatory on Russian Caucasus.
Revealing intra-urban hierarchical spatial structure through representation learning by combining road network abstraction model and taxi trajectory data

ABSTRACT The unprecedented urbanization in China has dramatically changed the urban spatial structure of cities. With the proliferation of individual-level geospatial big data, previous studies have widely used the network abstraction model to reveal the underlying urban spatial structure. However, the construction of network abstraction models primarily focuses on the topology of the road network without considering individual travel flows along with the road networks. Individual travel flows reflect the urban dynamics, which can further help understand the underlying spatial structure. This study therefore aims to reveal the intra-urban hierarchical spatial structure by integrating the road network abstraction model and individual travel flows. To achieve this goal, we 1) quantify the spatial interaction relatedness of road segments based on the Word2Vec model using large volumes of taxi trip data, then 2) characterize the road abstraction network model according to the identified spatial interaction relatedness, and 3) implement a community detection algorithm to reveal sub-regions of a city. Our results reveal three levels of hierarchical spatial structures in the Wuhan metropolitan area. This study provides a data-driven approach to the investigation of urban spatial structure via identifying traffic interaction patterns on the road network, offering insights to urban planning practice and transportation management.
Understanding Hierarchical Structure Construction Strategies and Biomimetic Design Principles: A Review

Organisms use gene and cell engineering to tailor the mineralization process and synthesize structure composites with special functions and favorable properties. This spurs scientists to design functional materials based on learning from nature. Herein, a systematic review of the biomimetic synthesis and hierarchical structure design of calcium carbonate–based minerals is presented. First, biomimetic synthesis strategies, including additive‐induced, template‐oriented, and gel‐mediated routes to direct the construction of the hierarchical structure, are reviewed. The molecular‐recognition technique and directional assembly pathway are then summarized to precisely describe the interactions between inorganic minerals and organic matter, and direct the mineral growth. Next, the underlying mineralization mechanisms governing the evolution of the complex morphology and structure are discussed. Nonclassical pathways that control mineral growth, including the theories of the amorphous phase, oriented attachment, mesocrystal formation, and liquid precursor, are concluded. Finally, herein, the applications of calcium carbonate–based minerals are discussed. Unique hierarchical structure endows minerals with special functions, including optical performance, biomedical applications, and environmental and ecological restoration. Overall, in this report, the biomimetic synthesis of calcium carbonate–based minerals is reviewed, covering the fundamental principles, construction of the hierarchical structure, underlying mechanisms of mineral growth, and functional designs.
Statistical Comparison of the Mechanical Properties of 3D-Printed Resin through Triple-Jetting Technology and Conventional PMMA in Orthodontic Occlusal Splint Manufacturing

Dental 3D-printing technologies, including stereolithography (SLA), polyjet (triple-jetting technology), and fusion deposition modeling, have revolutionized the field of orthodontic occlusal splint manufacturing. Three-dimensional printing is now currently used in many dental fields, such as restorative dentistry, prosthodontics, implantology, and orthodontics. This study aimed to assess the mechanical properties of 3D-printed materials and compare them with the conventional polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA). Compression, flexural, and tensile properties were evaluated and compared between PMMA samples (n = 20) created using the “salt and pepper” technique and digitally designed 3D-printed samples (n = 20). The samples were subjected to scanning electron microscope analysis. Statistical analysis revealed that the control material (PMMA) exhibited a significantly higher Young’s modulus of compression and tensile strength (p < 0.05). In the flexural tests, the control samples demonstrated superior load at break results (p < 0.05). However, the 3D-printed samples exhibited significantly higher maximum bending stress at maximum load (MPa) (p < 0.05). Young’s modulus of tensile testing (MPa) was statistically significant higher for the control samples, while the 3D-printed samples demonstrated significantly higher values for elongation at break (p < 0.05). These findings indicate that 3D-printed materials are a promising alternative that can be effectively utilized in clinical practice, potentially replacing traditional heat-cured resin in various applications.
On the Decomposition of Empirical Processes in Sampling with Replacement into Sufficient and Ancillary Components

The randomness in SRSWR sampling scheme has two components: the choice of distinct units and their repetitions. Basu (1958) invoked the notion of sufficiency in this framework showing that the distinct units behave like a sufficient statistic in usual sense. Going one step ahead we can call the repetitions of the distinct units ‘ancillary’ since they do not contain any information about population characteristics. It is s.bown that the above fact is reflected in an interesting way in the behaviour of empirical processes in large samples. In large samples such a break-up of variability is similar to the celebrated theorem of Basu (1955). AMS ( 1980) Subject Classification: Primary 60007; Secondary 62DOS, 62CIS
Accessibility for Rehabilitation Therapy According to Socioeconomic Status in Patients With Stroke: A Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study

This study aimed to investigate accessibility for rehabilitation therapy according to socioeconomic status (SES) after stroke using nationwide population-based cohort data. We selected patients with a diagnosis with stroke (International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision code: I60-64) and SES including residential area, income level, and insurance type were also assessed. Receiving continuous rehabilitation therapy was defined as accumulation of “Rehabilitative developmental therapy for disorder of central nervous system (claim code: MM105)” more than 41 times. Logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate the association between SES and rehabilitation therapy using odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A total of 18,842 patients with stroke were enrolled. Rural area (OR, 0.745; 95% CI, 0.664–0.836) and medical aid (OR, 0.605; 95% CI, 0.494–0.741) were associated with lower rate of receiving rehabilitation therapy. As for income level, when lowest income group was used as a reference group, low-middle group showed an increased rate of receiving rehabilitation therapy (OR, 1.206; 95% CI, 1.020–1.426). Although rehabilitation therapy after stroke is covered with national health insurance program in Korea, there still existed disparities of accessibility for rehabilitation therapy according to SES. Our results would suggest helpful information for health policy in patients with stroke.
Bayesian analysis of the multinomial probit model

We present a new prior and corresponding algorithm for Bayesian analysis of the multinomial probit model. Our new approach places a prior directly on the identied parameter space. The key is the specication of a prior on the covariance matrix so that the (1,1) element if xed at 1 and it is possible to draw from the posterior using standard distributions. Analytical results are derived which can be used to aid in assessment of the prior. Graduate School of Business, University of Chicago, 1101 East 58th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637. email: peter.rossi@gsb.uchicago. edu.
Neuropilin 2 in osteoblasts regulates trabecular bone mass in male mice

Introduction Neuropilin 2 (NRP2) mediates the effects of class 3 semaphorins and vascular endothelial growth factor and is implicated in axonal guidance and angiogenesis. Moreover, NRP2 expression is suggested to be involved in the regulation of bone homeostasis. Indeed, osteoblasts and osteoclasts express NRP2 and male and female global Nrp2 knockout mice have a reduced bone mass accompanied by reduced osteoblast and increased osteoclast counts. Methods We first examined the in vitro effect of the calciotropic hormone 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] on Nrp2 transcription in osteoblasts. We next generated mice with a conditional deletion of Nrp2 in the osteoblast cell lineage under control of the paired related homeobox 1 promoter and mice with a conditional Nrp2 knockdown in osteoclasts under control of the Lysozyme promoter. Mice were examined under basal conditions or after treatment with either the bone anabolic vitamin D3 analog WY 1048 or with 1,25(OH)2D3. Results and discussion We show that Nrp2 expression is induced by 1,25(OH)2D3 in osteoblasts and is associated with enrichment of the vitamin D receptor in an intronic region of the Nrp2 gene. In male mice, conditional deletion of Nrp2 in osteoblast precursors and mature osteoblasts recapitulated the bone phenotype of global Nrp2 knockout mice, with a reduced cortical cross-sectional tissue area and lower trabecular bone content. However, female mice with reduced osteoblastic Nrp2 expression display a reduced cross-sectional tissue area but have a normal trabecular bone mass. Treatment with the vitamin D3 analog WY 1048 (0.4 μg/kg/d, 14 days, ip) resulted in a similar increase in bone mass in both genotypes and genders. Deleting Nrp2 from the osteoclast lineage did not result in a bone phenotype, even though in vitro osteoclastogenesis of hematopoietic cells derived from mutant mice was significantly increased. Moreover, treatment with a high dose of 1,25(OH)2D3 (0.5 μg/kg/d, 6 days, ip), to induce osteoclast-mediated bone resorption, resulted in a similar reduction in trabecular and cortical bone mass. In conclusion, osteoblastic Nrp2 expression is suggested to regulate bone homeostasis in a sex-specific manner.
Efficient four-quadrant carrier frequency offset tracking for OFDM

Abstract We modify a LC-CFO estimator in the literature to make it easier to implement. By using the Lagrange interpolation, three low-order functions are used as candidates for replacing the arctangent function used in the LC-CFO estimator. The simplest one among these low-order functions sets its output directly equal to its input. In consequence, up to 20 iterations are needed for convergence with the carrier frequency offset up to 0.5. Moreover, the steady-state mean square errors are very close to the Cramer–Rao bounds at median-to-high signal-to-noise ratios. Those performances are about the same as when using a conventional LC-CFO estimator.
Case report: Atypical Parkinsonism following SARS-CoV-2 infection

A wide range of neurological manifestations have been reported during the COVID-19 pandemic, including a variety of Parkinsonian cases. The association of numerous viruses with the development of persistent or transient Parkinsonism has been well-documented. We observed a patient who developed a levodopa non-responsive Parkinsonian syndrome with dysautonomia during a prolonged stay at home for COVID-19. Although the temporal proximity of the emerging Parkinsonian features with a COVID-19 diagnosis suggested a causal relationship, we considered the possibility of a coincidental occurrence of multiple system atrophy. We discuss the patient's clinical features in relation to the established clinical diagnostic criteria and review differential diagnoses as well as the role of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Using crossmodal correspondences as a tool in wine communication

Introduction This research investigates consumer acceptance of alternative methods for communicating information about wine, focusing on the alignment between sensory attributes and consumer expectations. Methods A survey was administered to wine enthusiasts to assess their attitudes toward crossmodal communication. Results The findings reveal significant associations between consumer behaviors and acceptance of alternative communication methods, highlighting the emerging field of crossmodal correspondences. Discussion These results suggest that leveraging crossmodal correspondences can enhance the match between a product’s sensory qualities and consumer expectations, potentially reducing wine wastage resulting from unmet consumer preferences. These findings have implications for improving communication strategies in the wine industry and enhancing consumer experiences.
Artificial Intelligence in Surgery and Its Potential for Gastric Cancer

Artificial intelligence (AI) has made significant progress in recent years, and many medical fields are attempting to introduce AI technology into clinical practice. Currently, much research is being conducted to evaluate that AI can be incorporated into surgical procedures to make them safer and more efficient, subsequently to obtain better outcomes for patients. In this paper, we review basic AI research regarding surgery and discuss the potential for implementing AI technology in gastric cancer surgery. At present, research and development is focused on AI technologies that assist the surgeon's understandings and judgment during surgery, such as anatomical navigation. AI systems are also being developed to recognize in which the surgical phase is ongoing. Such a surgical phase recognition systems is considered for effective storage of surgical videos and education, in the future, for use in systems to objectively evaluate the skill of surgeons. At this time, it is not considered practical to let AI make intraoperative decisions or move forceps automatically from an ethical standpoint, too. At present, AI research on surgery has various limitations, and it is desirable to develop practical systems that will truly benefit clinical practice in the future.