Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Potential Effects of Electrotherapy on Acquiring of Malaria Infection in Khartoum State

OBJECTIVE Electrotherapy is the electrical stimulation of tissues for therapeutic purposes which uses a specific wavelength and frequency from the electromagnetic spectrum to produce the desired physiological and chemical changes in the body. Insusceptibility to get malaria infection among patients treated with electrotherapy was locally observed, therefore the study was aimed to detect the potential effect of electrotherapy on acquiring of malaria infection to assess the management of the disease endemic in Khartoum state. METHODS This is descriptive cross-sectional study, all patients (101) attending and submitting to electrotherapy unit in the hospitals were enrolled, and their clinical reports were collected. Among these patients 55 were male and 46 were female and were divided into three categories according to the number of sessions, age and gender. The data were analyzed using SPSS software. RESULTS The study involved both sexes (55 males and 46 females), and the percentage of males not infected with malaria after electrotherapy sessions (84%) was higher than that of females (67%) out of the total number. Interestingly one of the patients undergoing electrotherapy sessions had been diagnosed with severe malaria with mental disturbance, the symptoms of the severe malaria decreased from him, and his condition improved after submitting to electrotherapy sessions. The exposing percentage of patients who did not acquire malaria after electrotherapy sessions was approximately 80% with P-value (<0.001) compared to those infected with malaria after electrotherapy sessions. CONCLUSION The study results suggest the potential hypothesis of existence of effect of electrotherapy on acquiring malaria infection, the study recommended to carry out further experimental in-vitro and in-vivo studies to prove and explain the mechanism of effect in order to assist in treatment and management of the disease.
City Profile: Sunderland

Sunderland, lying on the north east coast of England, is the largest city in the north east of England. Having historically suffered from its proximity to the Tyneside conurbation centred around Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Sunderland has a long and illustrious history and the city is an interesting one to examine in a City Profile in its own right. In the first instance the legacy of the Tyne and Wear Development Corporation regeneration initiatives from the late 80s and early 90s has been the piecemeal development of unrelated and un-linked projects along the river Wear. Sunderland Arc, the urban regeneration company formed in 2002 by a local partnership to regenerate the city, has had a much broader focus and remit with a clear mandate for redevelopment. This profile examines recent regeneration initiatives and a move from a piecemeal development of disparate sites to partnership working and a more holistic view of regeneration activities, and is a good example of some of the innovative ways in which smaller cities are seeking to re-image and regenerate in response to economic crises.
Control jerárquico multiobjetivo de crecimiento de cultivos bajo invernadero

En la produccion en invernadero se ha utilizado tecnicas de control optimo considerando como objetivo fundamental del agricultor la optimizacion de beneficios. Sin embargo la problematica asociada a este tipo de produccion trasciende la optimizacion de un unico objetivo, siendo posible abordarla desde un punto de vista de optimizacion multiobjetivo. Este ha sido el enfoque utilizado en esta tesis en que se ha maximizado los beneficios economicos, la calidad en el fruto y la eficiencia en el uso del agua, en funcion de la temperatura del invernadero y de la conductividad electrica en el substrato. El problema ha sido planteado, desarrollado e implementado y se han obtenido soluciones utilizando una tecnica de control optimo multiobjetivo con horizonte deslizante, que proporciona en cada periodo de optimizacion un conjunto de soluciones de compromiso que conforman el frente de Pareto, de entre las cuales quien toma las decisiones puede seleccionar la que se aplique finalmente al sistema. Para optimizar los objetivos previamente mencionados se requiere de modelos explicativos de crecimiento del cultivo, consumo de agua y del clima del invernadero. Los modelos de crecimiento y desarrollo tomgro y tomsim fueron modificados, implementados, calibrados y validados para las condiciones locales de produccion, y a estos modelos se ha integrado el efecto de salinidad, deficit hidrico y deficit de presion de vapor de agua para la estimacion de rendimiento de frutos en fresco en tomate. Tambien se ha modificado, implementado, calibrado y validado un modelo de balance hidrico para simular la dinamica de agua en el continuo substrato-raiz-dosel y ha sido evaluado en un cultivo de tomate desarrollado en un sistema de cultivo sin suelo, en substrato de lana de roca en sistema abierto. Se ha utilizado un modelo simple del clima para estimar la cantidad de energia que es necesario suministrar al sistema cuando se requiere acti
Tuberculosis bovina: vigilancia epidemiológica en mataderos de la provincia de Santa Fe (Argentina) y evaluación de la respuesta inmune en lesiones granulomatosas de animales infectados

La tuberculosis bovina continua siendo una enfermedad importante en el contexto de la sanidad animal y salud publica. El incremento mundial de necesidad de alimentos contribuye a destacar la importancia del control y erradicacion de las enfermedades zoonoticas en la Region, que beneficiaran la economia de estos paises, varios de ellos productores y exportadores de carne y productos lacteos, y la salud de sus poblaciones. La Provincia de Santa Fe es ganadera por excelencia, con casi 7.000. 000 de bovinos, 32.167 establecimientos inscritos en RENSPAs (Registro Nacional Sanitario de Productores Agropecuarios). De estos corresponden el 60 a cria, 22,7 a invernada, 13,8 a tambo, 1 a feed lot y 2,3 a cabanas y/o mixtos, y c on un Sistema Sanitario Productivo y Participativo. Su objetivo se basa en profundizar y optimizar coordinadamente las acciones necesarias, respetando los roles de los diferentes actores, para lograr un mejor estatus sanitario en los rodeos bovinos y aumentar la produccion de alimentos de calidad. En este contexto, la implementacion de un Sistema de Vigilancia Epidemiologica de Tuberculosis Bovina a traves de la Faena cobra una superlativa importancia ya que es una enfermedad diagnosticable macr oscopicamente en la rutina de trabajo de los servicios de inspeccion sanitaria de los frigorificos. A partir del esfuerzo conjunto entre el Ministerio de la Produccion, la Agencia Santafesina de Seguridad Alimentaria y el SENASA, se implemento en el ano 2006 el Sistema de Vigilancia de Tuberculosis a traves de la faena (SISVIT), con el objetivo de registrar y analizar la informacion de los animales faenados en frigorificos radicados en nuestra y otras Provincias, vigilar los rodeos certificados libres, notificar a los productores que hayan remitido a faena animales con lesiones macroscopicas compatibles con tuberculosis bovina y aportar informacion para instaurar planes de control y erradicacion. Por otra parte, y con el fin de aportar cono cimientos de la patogenesis y la tipificacion de cepas de Mycobacterium bovis actuantes en la provincia, se realizaron analisis bacteriologico y tipificacion molecular por spoligotyping, junto con el estudio histopatologico y evaluacion de citoquinas
Potential drug–drug interactions with mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK) inhibitors used to treat melanoma

ABSTRACT Introduction The management of patients with BRAF-mutated advanced melanoma who are undergoing targeted therapy with MEK inhibitors can be complicated by the co-administration of multiple medications, which can give rise to drug–drug interactions of clinical significance. Covered areas Our review presents a comprehensive analysis of the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions of the three approved for advanced melanoma MEK inhibitor drugs – binimetinib, cobimetinib, and trametinib. MEDLINE (PubMed) was utilized for the literature search, comprising clinical studies, observational studies, and preclinical research. The review discusses the impact of these interactions on efficacy and safety of the treatments and differentiates between interactions supported by pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic mechanisms, those encountered in clinical practice, and those observed in preclinical studies. Expert opinion Physicians should be aware about potential benefits, but also increased toxicity caused by drug interactions between MEK inhibitors and other drugs in the management of patients with metastatic melanoma.
Comparative Analysis Of Emotional Intelligence Among Secondary School Children: Exploring Gender And Locality Differences

: This study delves into the multifaceted realm of Emotional Intelligence (EI) as distinct from IQ, drawing from the seminal works of Goleman (1995) and Salovey and Mayer (1990). Five significant elements of EI are identified: self-awareness, handling feelings, self-motivation and control, empathy, and social competence. The research seeks to assess the EI of secondary school students in self-awareness, managing emotions, motivating oneself, empathy, and handling relationships while also investigating variations based on gender and locality. Methodologically, a survey approach is adopted, encompassing a stratified random sample of 201 secondary school students from Vizianagaram district. The Ekta Sharma Emotional Intelligence Test, recognized for its robust Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient of 0.9, serves as the assessment tool. The findings shed light on the distribution of EI levels among students, revealing that 14% exhibit low, 72% moderate, and another 14% high EI. Moreover, the majority of students demonstrate moderate EI across the five components, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions. The study uncovers noteworthy disparities in EI between male and female students and between urban and rural school settings. These results underscore the significance of cultivating emotional Intelligence among students and advocate for tailored interventions to bolster emotional skills. The study's implications extend to educational practice by emphasizing the necessity of EI-focused curricular integration, teacher training, and parental involvement to foster a more emotionally intelligent learning environment.
Efecto de la estructura de la copa en la partición de lluvia de tres especies arbustivas en clima semiárido

12 mayor requirements of plants under semiarid climate s, the structure of the canopy should play an important role in taking advantage from the scar ce rainfall events. Moreover, plant canopy should influence soil water redistribution as to im prove water availability in accordance to the particular root system of the species. In this sens e, the first question raises by the PhD. thesis is: Do plants under semiarid climates redistribute rainfall in accordance to the particular root system type of the species? But plant canopy structure is dynamic: it changes a long plant life, suggesting that rainfall partitioning should also change. Younger p lants are more affected by water scarcity because its still poorly developed root system conc entrates at the stem basal area. To overcome this vulnerability, they could improve its effectiveness to collect water in root environment, improving rain redistribution via stem flow. The second question this study deals with is: Are younger plants more effective harvesting rainfall via stemflow? Arid lands are characterised by a high temporal var iability in the inter-annual quantity and distribution of rainfall. If after a series of good years woody plants have developed too much, during the subsequent dry years some individu als or parts of them may die to adjust its above ground biomass to water availability (Walter, 1977). From the perspective of rainfall partitioning, standing dead biomass should increase interception loss, and therefore decrease water supply. However, in some species, like in Anthyllis cytisoides or Stipa tenacissima dead branches or leaves respectively remain in the canop y many years without falling. This behaviour suggests that dead material could provide some benefit to the plant: might standing dead biomass act as a supplementary water collecting surface to harvest rainfall? The knowledge of hydrological processes operating a t pl nt-scale can be crucial to understand the functioning of the heterogeneous lan dscapes of semiarid areas (Domingo et al., 1998). Nonetheless, rainfall partitioning dynami cs s still not well known. How does it take place during wetting and drying of the plant? How much should it rain to start the fluxes? Which is the effect of wind? Which canopy p roperties are related to the partitioning of rainfall? To answer these questions, on the one hand, we ta ke into account that i) canopy structure, ii) rainfall properties ( intensity and duration), and iii) micrometeorological conditions (wind, temperature, lative humid) are the key factors
Focalizacion de programas en Chile : el sistema CAS

The report is part of a series of studies by the Bank within selected countries, specifically to report on the design and establishment of household convergence systems in terms of social strategies, in Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Mexico, Brazil, and the United States. In spite of such convergence having the potential to efficiently channel resources to the poor, the details for its implementation become highly relevant in order to attain proportionate results. Several key factors affect execution, including data gathering processes, information management, household evaluation methods, institutional arrangements, and monitoring and supervision. The report followed an in-depth evaluation of the key factors of design, of implementation, and of the potential impact of the results of the CAS - Social Assistance Committees - convergence system as used in Chile, to channel social programs to the poor and vulnerable.
The Case for Conscious Experience Being in Individual Neurons

The idea that individual nerve cells might have conscious experiences has been around ever since cells were identified in the seventeenth century, but in the era of modern neuroscience the case for individual human neuronal experience has received little attention. A series of arguments will be presented suggesting that all the human conscious experiences that we talk about are events in individual neurons, not global to the brain or organism. We conclude that cellular consciousness is the only plausible way to explain ‘our’ experiences within current physics and biology, however implausible it might at first seem. This implies that our experiences are multiple in space as well as time, consistent with the neuroscience watchword that there is ‘no single place where everything comes together in the brain’. The central argument is that events of experience must involve rich integration of information and individual neurons are the only places in brains where integration of information occurs. Any more global ‘binding’ is neither required nor physically possible. The detailed nature of events of integration of signals in a neuron’s dendrites remains uncertain but recent developments provide some candidates.
Effect of Aqueous Extract of Ichthyotoxic Plant Bridelia micrantha (Hochst) (Baill) on Haematology, Histopathology and Carcass Characteristics of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) (BURCHELL, 1822) Juvenile

The Bridelia micrantha (Hochst.) (Phyllanthaceae) is an ichthyotoxic plant used in catching fish in Nigeria. The toxicity of aqueous extract of B. micrantha on Clarias gariepinus was investigated under statics bioassay conditions. The concentrations of the leaves extract used were 0.00, 0.10, 0.20, 0.30, 0.40, 0.50 and 0.0. 60ml/l. The 24hrs, 36hrs, 48hrs, 72hrs, and 96hrs LC50 were 0.40mg/l, 0.30mg/l, 0.26mg/l, 0.22mg/l and 0.21mg/l respectively, with the range of maximum admissible concentration (MATC) were 0.004 – 0.04, 0.003 – 0.03, 0.0026 – 0.026, 0.0022 – 0.022, and 0.0021 – 0.021 respectively. The opercula ventilation and loss of reflex increased with an increase in the concentrations of the leaves extract at the end of 96-hour exposure period. Respiratory distress, loss of balance, settling at the bottom motionless and erratic swimming was observed before death during the exposure period. There was no significant difference in physicochemical parameters of test media (P<0.05) before, during and after the experimental period. Total Dissolved Solids and Conductivity increased significantly (p<0.05) with increase in extract concentration. Temperature had nonsignificant (p<0.05) reduction at all extract concentrations. Blood analysis revealed significant (P<0.05) reduction in the blood parameters (Haemoglobin, Packed Cell Volume, Red Blood Cells, White Blood Cells, Platelet, Mean Corpuscular Volume and Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin) of exposed fish. There was severe reduction in Carcass/Proximate (Moisture, Crude Protein, Crude Lipid, Ash, NFE, and Energy) composition of Clarias gariepinus juvenile exposed to B. micrantha. Histopathological examinations of the test fish showed some pathological disruptions, such as skin layer with severe superficial spreading of melanoma, The liver cells revealed hepatic tissue with severe ground glass (GG) appearance of the cytoplasm and intra hepatic hemorrhage (IHH), The gill showed severe effect on the gill architecture with hypertrophy of the gill arch, gill filament and aggregate of inflammation (AI), while the kidney revealed severe degeneration of the renal tissue with severe intra renal necrosis (TN). The result of this study calls for the need to discourage the use of toxic plants for catching fish in Cross River and Nigeria water bodies.
THE IMPACT OF SIZE ON SME PUBLIC SECTOR TENDERING

Small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) involvement in the marketplace for public sector contracts has been the subject of scholarly interest for some time. Studies undertaken to date have largely concentrated on SME resource disadvantage relative to large firms in competing for and winning public sector contracts. Much less attention has been paid to disadvantage within the SME population and how factors such as size, sector and owner characteristics affect SME tendering. In response, this paper examines the relationship between size and SME public sector tendering. Findings show that size as measured by number of employees significantly influences SMEs’ tendering resources, behaviour, and success; micro-enterprises, in particular, are found to be resource disadvantaged, tender less often, and have lower success rates compared to small and medium-sized enterprises. These findings support the case for recognising SMEs as heterogeneous tenderers and point to the need for more focused research on how SME characteristics influence ability and willingness to tender. Questions are also raised over the efficacy of current ‘ one-size-fits-all’ policy for facilitating SME access to public procurement.
Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) in Depression: A Mini Review of Clinical and Preclinical Evidence

Depression is a complex psychiatric disorder that significantly impacts millions of individuals worldwide. Despite advances in our understanding of its neurobiological underpinnings, treatment options remain limited, and not all patients respond adequately to available therapies. Emerging evidence has implicated brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a critical regulator of neuronal plasticity, in the pathophysiology and treatment of depression. This review examines the role of BDNF in the brain, its relationship to depression in preclinical and clinical studies, and its potential as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target. We discuss the impact of various antidepressant treatments on BDNF, including pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. Finally, we address the challenges and future directions in targeting BDNF for depression treatment. By deepening our understanding of BDNF and its relationship with depression, we can move towards more effective and personalized interventions for this debilitating disorder.
SUICÍDIO POR TRANSTORNOS MENTAIS E COMPORTAMENTAIS ENTRE MÉDICOS

Introdução: Tem-se o suicídio como o ato de causar a própria morte, de forma intencional, sendo considerado uma problemática de saúde pública, uma vez que está relacionado aos transtornos mentais e comportamentais que afligem um determinado grupo de indivíduos e que também coloca em risco as pessoas que estão no mesmo convívio social do paciente. Objetivo: Analisar a mortalidade por transtornos mentais entre profissionais médicos nos últimos dez anos. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa realizada através de uma busca nas bases de literatura PubMed, Web of Science, Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS), Periódico Capes e LILACS. A pesquisa foi feita por meio do cruzamento entre os seguintes descritores: “Mortality” AND “Mental Disorders” AND “Public Health” AND “Suicide”, como critério de inclusão utilizou-se os artigos completos disponíveis, em língua inglesa e portuguesa, publicados nos anos de 2012 a 2022. Resultados: Os resultados indicaram que a mortalidade dos profissionais médicos, em conjunto com a prevalência de transtornos mentais e comportamentais, aumentou muito com o decorrer dos anos, sendo mais presente no gênero feminino e na faixa etária de 30-45 anos. Conclusão: A mortalidade e o índice de prevalência para transtornos mentais e comportamentais aumentaram entre os profissionais médicos ao longo do período de 2012 2022, também há o aumento entre os casos de suicídio, o que está intimamente relacionado a pressão e com as exigências emocionais vividas no cotidiano da profissão médica.
Characterization of the Geotechnical Properties of Expansive Soil Improved by Sludge Waste

Recently, a great rise in the population and fast manufacturing processes were noticed. These processes release significant magnitudes of waste. These wastes occupied a notable ground region, generating big issues for the earth and the environment. To enhance the geotechnical properties of fine-grained soil, a sequence of research projects in the lab were conducted to analyze the impacts of adding sludge waste (SW). The tests were done on both natural and mixed soil with SW at various proportions (2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10%) based on the dry mass of the soil used. The experiments conducted focused on consistency, compaction, and shear strength. With the addition of 10% of SW, the values of LL and PI decreased by 29.7% and 38.5%, respectively. Also, with 10% of SW, the values of swelling percent (SP) and swelling pressure (SPR) decreased by 34% and 33%. On the other hand, SW content increase led to the rise in unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of the soil tested from 511kPa to 726kPa with the addition of 10% SW. Based on the findings, it can be confirmed that 10% SW in its natural state is notable for improving fine-grained soil strength and reducing the environmental hazard related to this waste type.
A Comparative Study of Video Coding Standards for 8K Ultra-High-Definition Video: HEVC vs. AV1

: This paper compares HEVC and AV1, two video coding standards, for 8K ultra-high-definition video based on four aspects: bitrate, quality, complexity, and compatibility. Using five objective metrics and eight video sequences, the paper shows that AV1 generally outperforms HEVC in bitrate and quality, but also has higher complexity and lower compatibility. The paper discusses the findings and implications of the study, compares them with the existing literature, and provides some suggestions for future research or practice on 8K video coding