Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Visual Path Following of Autonomous Catamaran in Oil Spilling

This study aims to design a kind of autonomous oil spill collection device, more exactly, which is a collecting platform based on catamaran for the spilled oil, as catamaran has great superiorities in wave resistance and water resistance. In the whole process, visual path following is necessary, which requires quite precise local navigation; the catamaran has been controlled to run along accurately with a pre-specified path by tracking the visual landmarks on the oil fence; the algorithm for detecting the path is based on an canny operator and a modified Hough transform, which could detect the color guide line more accurate and faster.
Magnetic loop or small folded dipole

The main purpose of this paper is to propose an additional and different mode of operation for the HF transmitting loop antenna and to predict and give some initial evidence that this mode is usually the dominant mode of operation. This dipole mode has a polarisation and radiation pattern which differs significantly from the normal loop mode. However, this difference can in practice be expected to be less apparent in the confined environment of typical deployment and operation.
Cross-domain approach for operation support in smart grid

Power grid operation centres have been separately developed and operated in various domains, such as the transmission, distribution and marketing domains. As the need for cooperation among domains increases in the smart grid environment, operation of the grid based on separated domains reveals serious problems, such as heterogeneous data presentation. For reliable operation of the smart grid, it is essential to integrate data from separated domains in real time and provide seamless analytics without increasing the security risk. This study presents a cross-domain approach to grid operation that supports cross-domain monitoring, seamless analytics and simulation based operation action recommendation. The results of the experiment show that the presented system monitors the whole grid state and supports seamless analytics with acceptable overhead.
Low sensitivity multifunction active circuits using CFA-based supercapacitor

Some new current feedback amplifier (CFA)-based active Resistance–Capacitance (RC) circuits are presented for the realization of an ideal grounded supercapacitor (Y(s) = s 2 D) type Frequency Dependent Negative Resistance (FDNR). The D-element is then resonated with additional RC sections to derive multifilter function circuits. The filter function have been tested for continuous resonant frequency (f 0) tunability in a range of 30 KHz ≤ f 0 ≤ 300 KHz with high quality (1 < Q < 10) response. Analysis assuming non-ideal CFA devices with finite port errors indicate that the circuits are practically active-insensitive. Experimental verification of the circuit characteristics had been carried out with both hardware implementation using Analog Devices (AD) 844 CFA-chip and by PSPICE macromodel simulation.
Methodology for Identifying Vulnerable Sections in a National Road Network

Under the authority of the Flemish Traffic Centre, a study was carried out to identify road sections that are vulnerable to major incidents. The primary objective of the study was to develop a methodology capable of rapidly scanning a large network for the most vulnerable sections. The methodology builds on a number of vulnerability indicators based on an analysis of the typical stages of an incident. With these indicators, the most important bottlenecks in the network can be selected and subjected to a closer examination. The methodology developed in the project was tested on a study area comprising the network in the corridor between the two large cities of Brussels and Ghent, Belgium. For this network, an analysis of empirical data was performed to gain insight into the extent of the reliability problems on the Flemish road network.
Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control: Driver Acceptance of Following Gap Settings Less than One Second

Currently, Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) systems can automate vehicle speed control to maintain following time-gaps in the range of one to two seconds. In this study, a field test was conducted to determine whether or not drivers would be comfortable with the sub-second following time-gaps that could be provided by a Cooperative ACC (CACC) system. A CACC system uses vehicle-vehicle communication to enable faster system responses and shorter following time-gaps. Sixteen drivers from the general public drove both systems on their daily commuting trips, and their driving behavior and subjective opinions of the systems were recorded. The results show that the drivers were generally comfortable with and typically selected the sub-second following time-gaps offered by the CACC system, but there were significant differences between the preferences of male and female drivers. The male drivers typically preferred the shortest gap settings, while the female drivers typically preferred slightly longer gap settings. The drivers' willingness to accept the shorter following gaps adds credibility to the assertion that future CACC systems may have the potential to produce significant increases in the achievable highway lane capacity.
Applying the Internet of Things into Ecological Environmental Monitoring

Applying the Internet of Things (IOT) into ecological environmental monitoring is the goal of this paper. There are several advantages of the Internet of Things (IOT) applying in ecological environment monitoring. A hierarchical monitoring system is presented, including system architecture, hardware/software design, information flow and software implementation. In the end, using carbon dioxide gas in the atmosphere for experimental purposes, in data collection and analysis. Experiments showed that this system is capable of monitoring ecologica environment, which orientate the future research of forest ecosystem.
Simulation of power plant transients with artificial neural networks: Application to an existing combined cycle

Abstract To maintain the high performance of gas-turbine-based combined cycles, transients must be properly taken into account in the design phase and efficiently monitored in the operational phase, because they are not negligible time intervals. The use of artificial intelligence techniques such as expert systems, fuzzy sets and neural networks (NNs), coupled with advanced measurement and monitoring devices, can provide a reliable and efficient monitoring system. An existing two-pressure-level combined cycle has been simulated by dividing its simplified model into blocks representative of the main elements. An NN is associated with each of these blocks. Once the training and testing of the NN are complete, using data from a simulator, the blocks are put either in a cascade arrangement or in a parallel arrangement, providing reliable systems that can predict the load-change transient behaviour of the entire plant. The parallel approach was then tested on data from the real plant. The excessive simplification introduced with the simulator required the addition of selected real cases to the training set that are able to fit the NN response to reality. The results obtained are encouraging for use in an on-line monitoring system which evaluates the difference between the measured data and the predicted data.
Intelligent Multimodal Signal Adaptation System (IMSAS)

As cockpits become more complex, pilots must monitor more data in the normal operation of an aircraft including the states of automated systems. Our objective was to demonstrate that pilots can achieve a greater level of situational awareness when key information is presented in an untaxed modality at the proper time. We modeled a portion of a flight and developed predictor values that we could use to calculate whether or not a pilot noticed an alert. We first recorded some baseline measures of these times, and then used MIDA (Multimodal Interface Design Advisor) to suggest optimal modalities for the signals. We then tested a proposed system that would anticipate a violation (i.e., an air speed violation) and present the appropriate signal with some lead-time. IMSAS (Intelligent Multimodal Signal Adaptation System) continuously assesses the cockpit environment, forecasts airspeed state into the future, and, if it recognizes a need to communicate to the pilot situational information, determines the proper modality in which to present a signal. This study showed an improvement in the reaction time to a signal of over 50% over the baseline. Although further research is needed, this study shows that IMSAS has the potential to improve pilots' response time to in-cockpit alerts such as airspeed violations.
Are Attitudes Important in Travel Choice?

A huge body of literature in social psychology describes 70 years of theory and experimentation relating attitudes to behavior. Much of it suggests a stronger causal link between choices and attitudes than that between attitudes and choices—attitude models conditioned on revealed choice explain more than knowledge of peoples' attitudes and determination of what choice they will make. Alternative analyses suggest that attitudinal and other data should be used to determine respondents' intentions rather than their desires to better predict behavior. Attitude studies are becoming more prevalent in the study of transportation behavior, but researchers vary in what kinds of attitudes are considered and how attitudes influence the transportation decision process. The social psychology literature is briefly highlighted, transportation applications are reviewed, and a case study is presented. Cognitive, affective, and behavioral attitudes help explain the intentions of those surveyed for the case study. These results and the literature suggest that attitudes are very important, but caution is recommended regarding survey wording and capturing behavior intentions. In addition, the results suggest that to explain behavior, a circular behavior process including attitudes is better at explaining choices compared with the use of only cognitive and affective attitudes.
The Planar Circuit - An Approach to Microwave Integrated Circuitry

Three principal categories have been known in electrical circuitry so far. They are the lumped-constant (0-dimensional) circuit, distributed-constant (1-dimensional) circuit, and waveguide (3-dimensional) circuit. The planar circuit to be discussed in general in this paper is a circuit category that should be positioned as a 2-dimensional circuit. It is defined as an "electrical circuit having dimensions comparable to the wavelength in two directions, but much less thickness in one direction. " The main subject of this paper is the computer analysis of an arbitrarily shaped, triplate planar circuit. It is shown that a computer analysis based upon a contour-integral solution of the wave equation offers an accurate and efficient tool in the design of the planar circuit. Results of some computer calculations are described. It is also shown that the circuit parameters can be derived directly from Green's function of the wave equation when the shape of the circuit is relatively simple. Examples of this sort of analysis are also shown for comparison with the computer analysis.
Statistical modelling for integrated circuits

This contribution attempts to survey two alternative approaches to the characterisation of ICs for statistical design. The first is based on a direct description of the distributions of the electrical parameters of standard device models, while the second approach starts from distributions of more fundamental processing variables, and will be dealt with in more detail. After considering ways to ensure that the circuit designer's distributions are up-to-date with the process, a structure is proposed for modelling the important matching effects found in an IC. Finally, conclusions for circuit design are drawn.
On‐line adaptive trend extraction of multiple physiological signals for alarm filtering in intensive care units

This paper presents an alarm validation system dedicated to patient monitoring in intensive care units (ICU). Several physiological signals are continuously acquired and an on‐line trend extraction method is implemented for each one. A trend is a succession of contiguous semi‐quantitative episodes, expressing the time evolution of a signal with several symbols. The difference between the trend and the signal is considered as a residual. In this paper, trend extraction is based on several thresholds that are adapted on‐line, following the signal variations. Multivariate change indices are further deduced from the trends and the residuals. They provide an indication of changes to patient hemodynamic and respiratory state. An alarm validation system based on these indices is then proposed, which uses fuzzy decision making. Whenever a monitoring system sets off an alarm, the system proposed carries out a backward analysis of the physiological variables monitored. The system enables various policies to be implemented: filtering of false alarms due to artifacts, confirmation of true alarms due to a patient state change. The system was tested on more than 50 h of data recorded on adult patients in an ICU unit, when 105SpO2 alarms were set off by a fixed threshold alarm system. The comparison between the decision made on‐line by the validation system and the decision made by a medical expert for each of these alarms showed that the system is able to recognize 100% of true alarms and filter 50–80% of false alarms. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ANALYSIS OF DESIGN ACTIVITIES USING EEG SIGNALS

It plays a significant role in developing of design theory and methodology to understand designer’s thinking and cognitive process during design activities. The most dominant method to conduct this kind of study is protocol analysis. However, this method is prone to subjective factors. Therefore, other approaches are emerging, which can measure the brain activities directly. With the advances in technologies, brain scanner and brain recorder systems such as EEG, fMRI, PET have become more affordable. In the present research, we used EEG to record designer’s brain electrical signals when s/he was working on a design task. Six channels of the EEG signals were recorded, including Fp1, Fp2, Fz, Cz, Pz, Oz, based on which the power spectral density for each EEG band (delta, theta, alpha and beta) was calculated. The results showed that, for the given design problem, the subject spent more effort in visual thinking during the solution generation than that in solution evaluation. The preliminary success in identifying regularity underlying a single designer’s design process through EEG signals lays a foundation for further investigation of designers’ general mental efforts during the conceptual design process.Copyright © 2010 by ASME
Craft and the Kingly Ideal: Art, Trade, and Power

* Preface *1. Introduction to the Problem * Prelude * The Activities of Gilgamesh * Professional Perspectives * Part I: Skilled Crafting *2. What Skilled Crafting Means * Qualities of Skilled Crafting * Crafting as Transformation * Crafting and Creation *3. Skilled Artisans in Time and Space * Artisans and the Ancestors * Artisans and Geographical Distance * Travelers, Traders, and Artisans * Traveling as Skilled Craft * The Authenticity of Distance *4. Qualities of Skilled Artisans * Flawed Creators or the Epitome of Humanness * Aesthetics *5. Skilled Crafting and Political Authority * Crafting and Politics in Egalitarian Societies * Power over Things as Power over People * The Kingly Craft of Building * Part II: Acquisition *6. Exchange, Trade, and Acquisition * Acquisition Defined * Acquisition Explored *7. Acquisition in Time and Space * Original Travelers and Original Trade * Craft and the Conduct of Acquisition *8. Qualities of Acquisition * The Flawed and the Ideal * The Accumulation of Wealth * Wealth and the Ancestors *9. Naturally Endowed Goods and Skillfully Crafted Goods * The Tangible and the Material * Hunting * The Skillfully Crafted vs. the Naturally Endowed *10. Acquisition and Political Authority * Elites and the Outside * Elites as Acquirers * Acquisition and Ancestral Conditions * Part III: Centers and Origins *11. Superordinate Centers * Outside Centers and Ancestral Powers * Superordinate Centers *12. Acquisitional Polities * Characteristics of Centers-Out-There * The Acquisition of "Civilization" *13. Conclusions * Notes * References * Index
An Emergency Obstacle Avoidance Control Strategy for Automated Highway Vehicles

Summary This paper presents an emergency obstacle avoidance control strategy that may be used in automated highway vehicles. In the proposed control strategy, an inverse vehicle dynamics problem is solved on the selected emergency lane-change path to find out the nominal feedforward control inputs such as the steering wheel angle and the braking force. Then the overall vehicle lateral and yaw motion is controlled additionally in the feedback path by an active yaw moment for stability augmentation as well as a corrective steering angle that is added to the nominal steering angle in order to compensate for uncertainties involved in the nominal control input computation. The proposed control strategy has been tested by an ABS Hardware-In-the-Loop Simulation (HILS) system for rapid and safe control prototyping in a lab. Simulation results with a sample emergency avoidance distance (45 m) show that the proposed control strategy may be used as a feasible obstacle avoidance strategy for automated highway vehicles.
Damage detection and assessment in fibre-reinforced composite structures with embedded fibre optic sensors-review

A state-of-the-art review is presented regarding the research and development of in situ fibre optic damage detection and assessment systems (FODDAS) embedded in fibre-reinforced composite structures. Representative individual fibre optic strain sensors and distributed sensor networks are briefly described. A major emphasis is placed on their capabilities for detecting damage, determining damage location and assessing the nature of damage, arising primarily from specific events such as impacts or quasi-static stress overloads. The main features of such systems as custom-built and structure-specific units with minimal human involvement are highlighted. Issues that could affect the validity of the performance of such strain sensors are discussed. Fracture and non-fracture of fibre optic sensors are identified as two fundamentally different approaches for damage detection and their primary features are discussed in relation to location determination and evaluation of the nature of damage. The major advantages and limitations of each approach are discussed. Directions and areas of potential future research in the development of related FODDAS are highlighted.
The Etiology of the Intuitive Method of Making Management Decisions in the Light of Empirical Research

Received: 17 July 2011 Abstract Accepted: 10 December 2011 The principal aim of the study is to present the issue of intuition as an important manager skill as well as the research results concerning the problem of the use of intuitive skills while making decisions. This paper presents the most important issues concerning comprehension of intuition and assessment of its usefulness. Moreover, the paper determines the significance of intuition in the decision making processes from the point of view of enterprises. It presents the results of the research analysis which are aimed at diagnosing the conditions of using intuition in problematic situations. The received results were submitted to stratification regarding such categories as sex, education, managerial experience, management level, professional specialization, the size of the enterprise, the type and the range of its business activity.
Mechanized Calculation of Unbalanced Load Flow on Radial Distribution Circuits

This paper describes a computerized method of calculating unbalanced load flow or fault currents on multi-grounded radial distribution circuits. It was developed by engineers of the Baltimore Gas and Electric Company, and is now being used in operating and expanding their distribution system. The basic concept employed is that the electrical characteristics of any portion of an unbalanced 3-phase circuit can be represented by a 6-element wye-delta network. An operating program that can accommodate up to 750 circuit branches has been written for the IBM 7094 computer.
A generalized normal scores test that increases the power of a test of significance for a coefficient in a linear model

Abstract A generalization of the normal scores two-sample test is proposed. The empirical significance level of this test closely approximates the nominal level of significance and it is often more powerful than the traditional t test for a test of any single coefficient in a linear model. Based on an extensive simulation study we found that, for most applications, the generalized normal scores test maintains its level of significance and it has, for data sets having 50 or more observations, greater power than the t test if the distribution of the errors is long-tailed or skewed. But, we found that the empirical significance level slightly exceeds the nominal level for regression models having covariates that are skewed and highly correlated, and for those models the generalized normal scores test is not recommended. If a data set has fewer than 50 observations the generalized normal scores test is not recommended because for most error distributions it does not offer an increase in power over the t test. However, if the number of observations equals or exceeds 50 and the covariates are not highly correlated this generalized normal scores test can be used to increase the power of tests of significance.
Synthesis of Asymmetrical Branch-Guide Directional Coupler-Impedance Transformers (Correspondence)

In a recent paper by R. Levy and L.F. Lind ["Synthesis of synunetrical branch-guide directional couplers," ibid., vol. MTT-16, pp. 80-89, February 1968] an exact synthesis procedure for the symmetrical branch-guide directional coupler was described. In this design it was assumed that all port terminating resistances were equal. An extension to this work has been found which allows one pair of terminating resistances to have a different value from the other pair. The resulting device is therefore both a branch-guide directional coupler and impedance transformer. This combination of properties may find application in antenna design work and other fields.
Spatial separation on the reflected intensity of electromagnetic wavepackets in single film structure

The spatial effect of the interference of electromagnetic wave packet has been analyzed for the film structure considering the spatial separation among the multiple reflections. The reflected intensity of polarized electromagnetic wave packet is different considering with and without spatial separation effect. There is significant difference occurred between the situations of the interference with or without consideration of the spatial effect. When the phase delay δ = nπ (n∈1-6). It will be reasonable to obtain the reflected intensity by neglecting the spatial separation only for the thinner film with the thickness much smaller than the wavelength accompanied with the condition to satisfy that δ < π, otherwise, the intensity equation used for the periodic or non-periodic structures will be modified by including the spatial separation in the data analysis and applications.