Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stream channel response to peak flows in a fifth-order mountain watershed

Approved: -''% L,''. tti(. ! } ` Julia Allen J,pnes This investigation explored how the magnitude, style, and frequency of channel adjustments vary spatially and over time within a 5th-order mountain watershed. Historical data sets, including repeated cross section surveys spanning up to 20 years at five sites on 2nd to 5th-order channels and streamflow records spanning up to 50 years, were supplemented by mapping and field reconnaissance activities. The study had two major parts. The first focused on two adjacent, contrasting stream reaches to examine the influence of large woody debris (LWD) on channel morphology and channel response to peak flows in a 3rd-order stream. The upper reach flows through old-growth forest with abundant LWD, while the lower reach was clearcut in 1964-65 and contains little LWD. A 25-year flood in 1996 caused deposition upstream of LWD steps in the old-growth reach alternating with scour between steps, resulting in no net gain or loss of sediment within the reach, while extensive scour and coarsening of the bed occurred in the clearcut reach. These observations suggest that reach-scale channel response was strongly influenced by LWD abundance, but that response at finer scales depends critically on the details of the location and arrangement of LWD. The second part of the study examined the dynamics of channel response to peak flows over two decades, and to two particular large floods during that period, in different portions of the channel network. The cross section data show that the streambed at the study sites is very stable, particularly in lower-order channels. Peak flows that produced detectable change at 90% of cross sections-flows able to cause significant channel adjustments-recur approximately three times as frequently (every 6-7 years) in 4`" to 5`h-order Lookout Creek as in 3rd-order Mack Creek (20-25 years). Flows that produced detectable change at 25% of cross sections are estimated to occur on average every 1.7 to 3.0 years at the study sites. It is estimated that if peak flows of all sizes were increased by only 10% due to anthropogenic impacts (e.g., logging) or climate change, the frequency of peak flows of a magnitude observed to produce significant channel adjustments would increase by approximately 30% in Lookout Creek and 60% in Mack Creek. Stream Channel Response to Peak Flows in a Fifth-Order Mountain Watershed
Investigations into the climate of the South Pole

PageList of Figures . iiiList of Tables . viChapter 1: Introduction . 1Chapter 2: Clouds over the South Pole . 52.1 Abstract . 52.2 Introduction . 62.3 Cloud Cover Data Sets . 72.4 Intercomparisons, seasonal cycles, and trends in cloud cover . 182.5 Cloud cover and other meteorological parameters at South Pole . 292.6 Conclusions . 41Chapter 3: The surface energy balance of the South Pole . 443.1 Abstract . 443.2 Introduction . 453.3 Net radiation . 473.4 Sensible and latent heat ﬂuxes . 493.5 Subsurface energy ﬂuxes . 523.6 Surface energy balance . 543.7 Conclusions . 57i
Security models

2 Access Control Models 3 2.1 Discretionary Access Control . 3 2.1. 1 Example: Unix Access Control List (ACL) . 3 2.2 Mandatory Access Control (MAC) . 4 2.2.1 Labels . 5 2.2.2 Lattices . 5 2.3 The Bell-LaPadula (BLP) . 6 2.3. 1 Example: Exercise 5 (Set 3) . 6 2.4 The Biba Integrity . 8 2.5 Limitations of the models presented . 9
Notes on homotopy λ-calculus

2 Homotopy λ-calculus 16 1 Type systems . 16 2 Homotopy λ-calculus . 23 3 Basic layer syntax . 24 4 Basic layer semantics in Top . 27 5 Levels . 32 6 Basic layer generalized models . 37 7 Homotopy λ-calculus logic layer . 38 8 Homotopy λ-calculus universe constructors . 38 9 Comparison with the Martin-Lof’s type system . 40 10 The leftovers . 41
Algebraic interpretation of Nahm transform for integrable connections

Introduction. 1 1. Nahm transform for parabolic connections. 3 2. Laplace transform without parabolic structure . 8 3. Meromorphic connections and D-modules. 10 4. Minimal parabolic Laplace transform. 14 5. Proof – outline. 17 6. Proof of the propositions. 20 References. 28
MADP Toolbox 0 . 2

5 Indices for discrete models 6 5.1 Enumeration of joint actions and observations . 7 5.2 Enumeration of (joint) histories . 7 5.2. 1 Observation histories . 7 5.2. 2 Action histories . 9 5.2. 3 Action-observation histories . 9 5.2. 4 Joint histories . 10
THE BOUND STATES OF 3 DY-JUNCTION WAVEGUIDES

Abstract. The spectrum of the Dirichlet problem for Laplace operator is studied in three terminal tubes. The cross-section of the tubes is either a circle or a square. We show that these Y-shaped waveguides always have at least one eigenvalue in the discrete spectrum. In the regular case, that is, the angle between the cylinders is 2 3 π, there exists exactly one eigenvalue in the discrete spectrum. While the angle 2α between the arms is varying, we show that the number of the bound states remains to be one for α ∈ (
Potential for the evolution of resistance to pheromone‐based mating disruption tested using two pheromone strains of the cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni

The reliance of most moth species on female-produced sex pheromones for mate attraction makes their communication system an ideal target for pest management. Mating disruption, by release of synthetic sex pheromone into the atmosphere, has been developed to control many lepidopteran pests and is available commercially for several species (Carde & Minks, 1995). Selection pressure provided by continuous application of mating disruptants could result in the evolution of resistance to this tactic, and this possibility should be evaluated before it occurs. The potential for resistance to mating disruption will depend on genetically-based variation in production of and response to pheromone within and amongst populations (Lofstedt, 1990, 1993; Phelan, 1992). The diverse phylogenetic pattern of lepidopteran pheromones suggests that natural selection has shaped the evolution of species-specific pheromones. Long-term use of mating disruptants that effectively control pest populations, could provide the necessary selection pressure for an alteration in the communication system and the evolution of resistance to mating disruption (Carde & Minks, 1995). In the cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni (Hubner), the sex pheromone consists of a main component, Z7-dodecenyl acetate (Z7-12:Ac), and five minor components (Bjostad et al., 1984). Haynes & Hunt (1990) discovered an abnormal pheromone phenotype in a laboratory colony of T. ni that was the result of a single, recessive autosomal gene mutation. Mutant females release a pheromone that contains a twenty-fold increase of one minor component, Z9-tetradecenyl acetate (Z9-14:Ac) and a thirty-fold decrease of another minor component, Z5-dodecenyl acetate (Z512:Ac). Initially, male T. ni that carried the mutant gene responded like normal males, demonstrating a preference for the normal pheromone. However, after 49 generations within a pure mutant colony, males responded equally well to both mutant and normal pheromones (Liu & Haynes, 1994). Thus, there are genetically-based differences in both female pheromone and male response (Liu & Haynes, 1994). The potential for mating disruption to result in evolutionary changes in the pheromone was tested on laboratory-derived populations of T. ni using a replicated selection experiment in large field cages. We manipulated the environment (pheromone-treated vs. clean-air control) that moths were exposed to and followed the evolution of the pheromone phenotype in five closed (no gene flow) populations across four offspring generations. The normal pheromone blend applied as a mating disruptant provided selection pressure that influenced the frequency of the mutant allele in the population.
The Musicalization of Fiction.A Study in the Theory and History of Intermediality.

Acknowledgements. 1. Introduction. PART I: THEORY THE COMPARABILITY OF MUSIC AND LITERATURE INTERMEDIALITY AND THE SPECIAL CASE OF THE MUSICALIZATION OF LITERATURE/FICTION 2. Music and (narrative) literature: principal similarities and differences. 3. 'Intermediality': definition, typology, related terms 4. Musico-literary intermediality and the musicalization of literature/fiction: definition and typology 5. How to recognize a musicalized fiction when reading one PART II: HISTORY. THE MUSICALIZATION OF FICTION IN ENGLISH LITERATURE: AESTHETIC PREHISTORY AND INTERMEDIAL EXPERIMENTS FROM ROMANTICISM TO POSTMODERNISM. 6. The prehistory of the musicalization of fiction: the rise of music in aesthetic evaluation from the eighteenth century to romanticism - stages and factors. 7. Romantic musicalization of fiction: De Quincey, Dream Fugue 8. Modernist musicalization of fiction I: the Sirens episode in Joyce's Ulysses 9. Modernist musicalization of fiction II: Woolf, The String Quartet 10. Modernist musicalization of fiction III: Huxley, Point Counter Point 11. Postmodernist musicalization of fiction I: Beckett, Ping - an intermedial borderline case 12. Postmodernist musicalization of fiction II: Burgess, Napoleon Symphony 13. Postmodernist musicalization of fiction III: Josipovici, Fuga 14. Summary Bibliography Index
Arquitetura para privacidade na integração de internet das coisas e computação em nuvem

A large number of devices are connected to the internet through the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm, resulting in a huge amount of produced data. Cloud computing is a computing paradigm currently adopted to process, store and provide access control to these data. This integration is called Cloud of Things CoT and is useful in personal networks, like residential automation and health care, since it facilitates the access to the information. Although this integration brings benefits to the users, it introduces many security challenges since the information leaves the user control and is stored at the cloud providers. Particularly interesting, in order for these technologies to be adopted, it is important to provide protocols and mechanisms to preserve the users privacy when storing their data in the cloud. In this context, this paper proposes an architecture for privacy in Cloud of Things, which allows the users to fully control the access to the data generated by the devices of their IoT networks and stored in the cloud. The proposed architecture enables a fine grained control over data, since the privacy protocols and controls are executed at the IoT devices instead of at the network border by a gateway, which also could represent a single point of failure or a component that could impair the security properties of the system once it is compromised by a successful attack. This work also developed an enhancement for the proposed architecture, decreasing its overhead in IoT devices. Evaluations were conducted throught analytical analysis and experiments, using the ns-3 network simulator, both aproaches were discussed and compared with other architectures. Obtained results indicate that, even in severely constrained IoT devices, security mechanisms to provide privacy in Cloud of Things can be implemented.
Harnessing immunotherapy for pediatric T-cell malignancies

ABSTRACT Pediatric T-cell hematologic malignancies are a diverse group of rare cancers. The most common pediatric T-cell malignancies include T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) and anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL). Although the overall survival rates have improved markedly in recent years, children with relapsed T-ALL and ALCL have very low rates of cure and few salvage therapies exist. Current treatment regimens rely on toxic chemotherapies with significant short- and long-term morbidity. Immunotherapies, including antibodies and adoptive cellular therapies, have revolutionized the treatment of B-cell malignancies in pediatrics. The adaptation of these therapies to T-cell malignancies has been slower because of challenges implicit in the design and implementation of immunotherapies for T-cell malignancies, including the potential risks of fratricide, immunosuppression, and graft versus host disease (GVHD). We present a review of current challenges in the development of immunotherapies for T-cell hematologic malignancies, potential solutions and therapies under investigation. We include a particular focus on T-ALL and ALCL. Immunotherapies offer promising strategies to improve outcomes in children with T-cell malignancies, particularly in the setting of relapse. Optimizing efficacy, mitigating toxicity, and safely integrating with conventional therapies are key considerations as immunotherapies are translated into the clinic.
Phylogenetic Studies and Inhibitor Design Targeting Protein Interacting Interface of Nucleoid-Associated Protein HU

The formations of nucleoprotein structures by promiscuous DNA binding proteins like HU are assisted with their protein protein interaction capability with other proteins. In E. coli Gal repressosome assembly, GalR piggybacks HU to the critical position on the DNA (hbs site) through a specific GalR–HU interaction using an interface at the bottom of alpha helical region, which we termed as HUpb interface. Similarly, MtbHU also interact with Topoisomerase I with the same interface to enhance its relaxation activity. In an earlier study, we determined the crystal structure of MtbHU, inhibited it using stilbene derivatives which inhibited the cell growth. It motivated us to understand the evolutionary and structural characteristics of the HUpb interface, which has not been investigated previously for HU or for any other NAPs. Our analyses found residue positions corresponding to MtbHU Thr11 to Gln20 form the interface while Ala23 serves the pocket lining residue. Due to ancestral mutations in the duplication event before the HU and IHF split, physicochemical properties of the interface vary among clades. Thus, this interface could engage different proteins in different HU oligomeric states in Proteobacteria. Protein-protein interfaces are usually a challenging target due to its flatter surface. In case of MtbHUpb interface, we observed that due to the presence of a partially hydrophobic pocket, small molecule scaffolds could fit into it, while the ligand can be further designed to interact with D17, which is the crucial residue for Topoisomerase I interaction. We used a two-step virtual screening protocol with known drug like molecules as starting set to an aim to re-purpose drugs. Our docking results showed compounds like Maltotetraose, Valrubicin, Iodixanol, Enalkiren, indinavir, Carfilzomib, oxytetracycline, quinalizarin, Raltitrexed, Epigallocatechin and their analogues exhibit high scoring binding at MtbHUpb interface. Our present report gives a model example of an evolutionary study of an interface of nucleoid associated protein, which is used to computationally design inhibitors. This strategy could be in general useful for designing inhibitors for various types of protein-protein interfaces using evolutionary guided design.
بهبود شبیهسازی فرآیند شکست در مدل نسل سوم موج SWAN

Thornton و Guza لاهس رد 1983 هسررب ی اره ه ا اه ب هها هش هداد ناهنن و ه هش ی ب رد د هج م نهیا هولا م ی نا هت د هبهب یداهیز بش رد ی ه زاهس ی رهب د همن به ام همد مها ک رد دا هما ا ی ا ااهجنا هی ن هسررب ی ، جا هما ی رد امز ی هاوهن رد و 3 ، همد 3 رپ ه ی د و 3 ل ت تاهفترا هی درگ ه ی بش اه ب و ی ه زاهس ی ن د هد ل هم رد اهه ی SWAN هه ب اقم ی هس ل ت د هم تادافترا هی امز رد ه هش ی هاوهن ارهب هش ههتتادرپ ل هم و ی ا ااهجنا هی ن اقم ی ههس ه ا رتماراهپ ود ی رد د هج م ی هولا تهسکش Thornton و Guza ه تخم ت اهم رد لاها ی هرب ره هها هش هداد ناهنن و ن هش هی ک زا ا ی ن م ههچ ت ام هی ناز بش رد ار د هبهب ی ه زاهس ی ل ت دا هما هی ی امز رد ی هاوهن د هد ل هم هس ت ی SWAN به ام یهم هنا اهن رد هی ت ارهب ی ا ه ا هی ن رتماراهپ ود ، ر و هطبا ی پ ی داهنهن درگ هی ن لاهمدا اهب هها د هد ل هم رد اهه ی
FAT: Federated Adversarial Training

Federated learning (FL) is one of the most important paradigms addressing privacy and data governance issues in machine learning (ML). Adversarial training has emerged, so far, as the most promising approach against evasion threats on ML models. In this paper, we take the first known steps towards federated adversarial training (FAT) combining both methods to reduce the threat of evasion during inference while preserving the data privacy during training. We investigate the effectiveness of the FAT protocol for idealised federated settings using MNIST, Fashion-MNIST, and CIFAR10, and provide first insights on stabilising the training on the LEAF benchmark dataset which specifically emulates a federated learning environment. We identify challenges with this natural extension of adversarial training with regards to achieved adversarial robustness and further examine the idealised settings in the presence of clients undermining model convergence. We find that Trimmed Mean and Bulyan defences can be compromised and we were able to subvert Krum with a novel distillation based attack which presents an apparently "robust" model to the defender while in fact the model fails to provide robustness against simple attack modifications.
Investigating Proton Spin Structure: A Measurement Of G_2^p At Low Q^2

PAGE The g 2 collaboration performed the first measurement of the reaction p(e, e )X in the kinematic range 0.02 < Q < 0.2 GeV in the resonance region. Experiment E08-027 took place in Hall A at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility from March-May of 2012. Data was taken with a longitudinally polarized electron beam, using an NH3 target polarized in both parallel and perpendicular configurations. Very preliminary results for g 1 and g p 2 are shown in this thesis. To extract the spin structure functions, asymmetries are calculated from data taken with a 2.2 GeV electron beam and a 5 T target field, and combined with the Bosted model proton cross section. Preliminary dilution factors and preliminary radiative corrections are included in the asymmetry analysis. Sum rules and χPT allow us to test the Burkhardtt-Cottingham (BC) sum rule and obtain the spin polarizability quantities γ0 and δLT . The BC sum rule, valid for all values of Q, says that the integral of g2 over all Bjorken x vanishes. The very preliminary result presented here shows the contribution to the integral from the measured kinematic region. Although the contribution from the resonance region is not consistent with the expected result of zero, an extrapolation to high and low x must be included to test whether the BC sum rule is satisfied. The difficulty in χPT calculations of γ0 and δLT is how to include the resonance contributions, particularly the ∆-resonance, which dominates. Recent developments have found better agreement with neutron experimental results, however this is little proton data to compare with the calculations, particularly at low Q. The very preliminary results shown here do not show agreement with any of the current χPT predictions. However, as this is only the contribution from the measured kinematic region, it is necessary to include the extrapolation outside the resonance region to draw a stronger conclusion. Further analysis is ongoing, and preliminary results, including a cross section extracted from data instead of a model prediction, are expected within the next year. TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgments . vi Dedication . viii List of Tables . ix List of Figures . xi CHAPTER
Assessing Population Genetic Status for Designing Plant Translocations

Assisted gene flow interventions such as plant translocations are valuable complementary techniques to habitat restoration. Bringing new genetic variants can contribute to increasing genetic diversity and evolutionary resilience, counteract inbreeding depression and improve plant fitness through heterosis. Large, highly genetically variable populations are usually recommended as sources for translocation. Unfortunately, many critically endangered species only occur as small populations, which are expected to show low genetic variation, high inbreeding level, paucity of compatible mates in self-incompatible species, and increased genetic divergence. Therefore, assessment of population genetic status is required for an appropriate choice of the source populations. In this paper, we exemplify the different analyses relevant for genetic evaluation of populations combining both molecular (plastid and nuclear) markers and fitness-related quantitative traits. We assessed the genetic status of the adult generation and their seed progeny (the potential translocation founders) of small populations of Campanula glomerata (Campanulaceae), a self-incompatible insect-pollinated herbaceous species critically endangered in Belgium. Only a few small populations remain, so that the species has been part of a restoration project of calcareous grasslands implementing plant translocations. In particular, we estimated genetic diversity, inbreeding levels, genetic structure in adults and their seed progeny, recent bottlenecks, clonal extent in adults, contemporary gene flow, effective population size (Ne), and parentage, sibship and seed progeny fitness variation. Small populations of C. glomerata presented high genetic diversity, and extensive contemporary pollen flow within populations, with multiple parentage among seed progenies, and so could be good seed source candidates for translocations. As populations are differentiated from each other, mixing the sources will not only optimize the number of variants and of compatible mates in translocated populations, but also representativeness of species regional genetic diversity. Genetic diversity is no immediate threat to population persistence, but small Ne, restricted among-population gene flow, and evidence of processes leading to genetic erosion, inbreeding and inbreeding depression in the seed progeny require management measures to counteract these trends and stochastic vulnerability. Habitat restoration facilitating recruitment, flowering and pollination, reconnecting populations by biological corridors or stepping stones, and creating new populations through translocations in protected areas are particularly recommended.
Systematic screen of potential circular RNA biomarkers of Hirschsprung’s disease

Background Hirschsprung’s disease (HSCR) is a developmental disorder of the enteric nervous system in which enteric ganglia are missing along a portion of the intestine. Aberrant expression of several circular RNAs (circRNAs) has been identified in the disease, but the full range of dysregulated circRNAs and their potential roles in its pathogenesis remain unclear. We used microarray profiling to systematically screen for circRNAs that were differentially expressed in HSCR, and we comprehensively analyzed the potential circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network to identify molecular mechanisms involved in the disorder. Methods We identified circRNAs that were differentially expressed between diseased tissue and paired normal intestinal tissues from patients with HSCR. The most strongly upregulated circRNAs were then validated by quantitative reverse-transcription-PCR (RT-PCR). We also constructed a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA interaction network to determine functional interactions between miRNAs and mRNAs. Results We identified 17 circRNAs that were upregulated and 10 that were downregulated in HSCR tissue compared with normal tissues. The five circRNAs that showed the greatest upregulation were verified by RT-PCR: hsa_circRNA_092493, hsa_circRNA_101965, hsa_circRNA_103118, hsa_circRNA_103279, and hsa_circRNA_104214. These five circRNAs were successfully adopted to diagnose HSCR based on receiver operating characteristic curves, and they were used to generate a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network. The network revealed a potential function of the circRNAs as molecular sponges targeting miRNAs and mRNAs in HSCR. Conclusions This first-ever systematic dissection of the circRNA profile in HSCR may provide useful insights into improving diagnosis and therapy.