Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Importance of Work in an Age of Uncertainty: The Eroding Work Experience in America

OVERVIEW The Importance of Work in an Age of Uncertainty: The Eroding Work Experience in America presents insights from Americans who share their experiences related to critical issues concerning work alongside relevant literature describing the psychological impact of work. The author argues for a need to infuse psychological perspectives while including workers’ voices into research concerning labor and work issues. These voices are from those on the front lines of rapid workforce changes. Furthermore, he argues that, holistically, Americans will see no advancement toward a “just and digniﬁed approach to working” without including those workers who are most affected (p. 193). The purpose of the text is to extend readers beyond an economic view of numbers and data in articulating work and labor issues through rich narratives from people about their work experiences. The author points to decades of missed opportunities in research that have failed to capture working Americans’ voices; sadly, he explains, economics has been the deﬁning force informing public policies concerning work and how society understands it. This point and the central thesis that all workers deserve digniﬁed and accessible employment serve as motivating forces behind this piece. Blustein leverages interview data and his experience as a therapist, career counselor, professor, and researcher in psychology and workforce development to inform the writing and convey Americans’ psychological experiences concerning work. The book consists of a preface, nine chapters, notes, and an index. Each chapter begins with an introduction composed of historical or personal frames of reference for the material. Interview vignettes and emerging themes follow this section. The ﬁnal part of each chapter introduces more recent psychological and sociological research, which aids further insight into work during periods of uncertainty, such as recessions and job eliminations due to technological advances.
Experimental and Numerical Studies of Stress Distribution in an Expanding Pin Joint System

Pin joints are widely used mechanisms in different industrial machineries such as aircrafts, cranes, ships, and offshore drilling equipment providing a joint with possibility of relative rotation about one single axis. The rigidity of the joint and its service lifetime depend on the clamping force in the contact region that is provided by the applied torque. However, due to the tolerance needed for insertion of a pin in the equipment support bore, the pin is prone to relative displacement inside the bore. The amplitude of this relative displacement usually increases as time passes and since the material of the support often has lower quality grade than the pin, it leads to creation of slack in the equipment and malfunctioning of the machine. An Expanding Pin System (EPS) can be a solution to this problem where the split sleeve expands to remove the gap while the joint is torqued. Therefore, slack in the joint system disappears and 360° contact area could be achieved, providing a better stress distribution and preventing the stress localization. Determining the EPS preload and the resulting contact pressure and stresses in the joint parts are important to avoid damaging to the contact surfaces of the joints and making the dismantling of the EPS difficult. Therefore, finding the amount of the required torque is a compromise between preventing slack in the EPS and prohibiting damage to the joint parts. Stress analysis in this study is performed based on the industrially recommended torque for the EPS type under study. This article reports the study conducted on the stress distribution and the magnitude of stresses exerted to the equipment support when EPS is installed on the machine. To achieve this purpose and to investigate the stress distribution in the joint, both experimental and finite element (FE) methods were used. The experimental results show how much of the applied energy to the EPS in the form of torque is spent to expand the split sleeve and test boss and also to overcome friction. The finite element analysis provides magnitude and distribution of stresses in the EPS components.
Evaluation of Feature Selection Methods on Psychosocial Education Data Using Additive Ratio Assessment

Artificial intelligence, particularly machine learning, is the fastest-growing research trend in educational fields. Machine learning shows an impressive performance in many prediction models, including psychosocial education. The capability of machine learning to discover hidden patterns in large datasets encourages researchers to invent data with high-dimensional features. In contrast, not all features are needed by machine learning, and in many cases, high-dimensional features decrease the performance of machine learning. The feature selection method is one of the appropriate approaches to reducing the features to ensure machine learning works efficiently. Various selection methods have been proposed, but research to determine the essential subset feature in psychosocial education has not been established thus far. This research investigated and proposed methods to determine the best feature selection method in the domain of psychosocial education. We used a multi-criteria decision system (MCDM) approach with Additive Ratio Assessment (ARAS) to rank seven feature selection methods. The proposed model evaluated the best feature selection method using nine criteria from the performance metrics provided by machine learning. The experimental results showed that the ARAS is promising for evaluating and recommending the best feature selection method for psychosocial education data using the teacher’s psychosocial risk levels dataset.
Engineered Nanomaterials in Soil: Their Impact on Soil Microbiome and Plant Health

A staggering number of nanomaterials-based products are being engineered and produced commercially. Many of these engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are finally disposed into the soil through various routes in enormous quantities. Nanomaterials are also being specially tailored for their use in agriculture as nano-fertilizers, nano-pesticides, and nano-based biosensors, which is leading to their accumulation in the soil. The presence of ENMs considerably affects the soil microbiome, including the abundance and diversity of microbes. In addition, they also influence crucial microbial processes, such as nitrogen fixation, mineralization, and plant growth promoting activities. ENMs conduct in soil is typically dependent on various properties of ENMs and soil. Among nanoparticles, silver and zinc oxide have been extensively prepared and studied owing to their excellent industrial properties and well-known antimicrobial activities. Therefore, at this stage, it is imperative to understand how these ENMs influence the soil microbiome and related processes. These investigations will provide necessary information to regulate the applications of ENMs for sustainable agriculture and may help in increasing agrarian production. Therefore, this review discusses several such issues.
Evaluation of in vitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant and antiplatelet potential of Rhus mysorensis

Since ancient times human beings are using plant-based medicines for the treatment of various ailments, especially in the rural areas, due to their availability and affordability. Rhus mysorensis (RM) is widely used as a traditional medicine to treat various ailments. Owing to its potential medicinal value, the present study was designed to explore the in vitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant and antiplatelet properties of purified column fraction of RM. The methanol extract of stem bark powder was sequentially fractioned by solvent partitioning. The liquid methanol fraction was further fractionated by column chromatography using gradient elution. Eluted fractions were analyzed using HPLC for percentage purity and yield. The fraction with higher percentage of purity and yield was assessed for in vitro antioxidant activity by measuring SOD and GPx activities, anti-inflammatory activity by the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS induced RAW264.7 cells, anticoagulation by plasma recalcification time and antiplatelet activity by agonists induced platelet aggregation respectively. The antioxidant potency of column fraction (B8) revealed that, highest enzyme activities were recorded at a concentration of 320µg/ml. The enzyme activity was found to be 2.45 U/ml for SOD and 135.75 U/L for GPx respectively. Purified column fraction (B8) of RM significantly reduces the production of NO in LPS stimulated RAW 264.7 cell lines at 320? g/ml concentration with 31.90% of inhibition. The anticoagulant activity of purified fraction was determined in terms of plasma recalcification time. Interestingly, the fraction showed the most potent anticoagulant activity both in PRP and PPP as it prolonged the clotting time. The findings indicate that the stem bark of RM possesses potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant and antiplatelet activities, supporting the use of this species for treating oxidative stress-induced inflammatory diseases. Further, bioactivity guided fractionation studies to characterize and identify specific phytochemicals responsible for these biological activities are needed.
LIFE-CYCLE COST APPROACH TO BRIDGE MANAGEMENT IN THE NETHERLANDS

The Dutch Directorate General for Public Works and Water Management is responsible for management of the national road infrastructure in the Netherlands. Structures such as bridges and tunnels are important structures in the road network and largely determine the functionality of the road network as well as necessary maintenance budgets. A methodology for a probabilistic life-cycle cost approach to bridge management was applied to the concrete highway bridges in the Netherlands. The Dutch national road network contains over 3,000 highway bridges, most of which are 30 years old or more. The annual maintenance cost of these bridges is a substantial part of the total maintenance cost. The question arises of when to carry out bridge replacements. A fundamental solution is to take a life-cycle cost approach with costs of maintenance and replacement and service lifetime as key elements. Maintenance strategies were drawn up for groups of similar elements, such as concrete elements, preserved steel, extension joints, and bearings. The structures were categorized into generic types, each with its own maintenance characteristics. For each structure, the maintenance cost was estimated on the basis of the life-cycle cost analyses of the underlying elements. After aggregation over the entire stock, this process eventually led to the maintenance cost on a network level. To calculate the life-cycle cost, lifetime distributions for concrete bridges were determined, and the expected cost of replacing the bridge stock was computed. The uncertainty in the lifetime of a bridge can best be represented with a Weibull distribution, which can be fit on the basis of aggregating the lifetimes of demolished bridges (complete observations) and the ages of current bridges (right-censored observations). Using renewal theory, the future expected cost of replacing the bridge stock can then be determined while taking into account current bridge ages and the corresponding uncertainties in future replacement times. The proposed methodology has been used to estimate the cost of replacing the Dutch stock of concrete bridges as a function of time.
Chemical Composition of the Essential Oils Of Salvia Spp. Leaves

The chemical composition of the hydrodistilled essential oils of four Salvia spp. were analysed by GCMS. Three of them (Salvia aramiensis Rech. fil., Salvia fruticosa Mill., Salvia tomentosa Mill.) analyzed in this study grow naturally in the Hatay flora. On the other hand, S. aramiensis is an endemic plant in Hatay flora. Fourth species (Salvia officinalis L.) is not growing in the flora of Turkey, but is only cultivated. The highest essential oil content (5.31%) was found in S. aramiensis and the least 1.68% was detected in S. officinalis. Eucalyptol was the main constituent for S. aramiensis, S. fruticosa and S. tomentosa. While this component was 58.65% in S. aramiensis, it was determined as 44.70 and 34.97% in S. tomentosa and S. fruticosa, respectively. In S. officinalis, the main constituent was determined as δ-Thujone (33.83%) and camphor (21.46%). Eucalyptol has been identified as the main composition in sage species which is grown in flora. Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(4): 1173-1180, 2021 (December)
Cancer testis antigen XAGE-1 is a promising marker for the diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cancer

Dates Received: 30 August 2021 Accepted: 14 October 2021 ABSTRACT Cancer testis antigens have been discovered in various cancers, and several studies have suggested that since they exhibit such distinct patterns of expression, these antigens might be attractive targets for cancer detection and immunotherapy. Our work attempted to clarify the function played by cancer-testis antigens in ovarian cancers, notably in the XAGE1 gene. The investigation was conducted on 74 tissue samples from newly diagnosed patients with ovarian cancer. The control group included twenty-eight benign ovarian tumors. The expression of XAGE1 mRNA was assessed using RT-PCR. Compared to benign tumors, cancer samples exhibited higher levels of XAGE1 gene expression, which was statistically significant (P0.01). There were no statistically significant differences between menopausal status and family history. Gene expression was substantially connected with age groups as the higher level of gene expression in patients 50–74 years of age (P 0.01) was seen. Mucinous tumors exhibited significant correlations (P0.01) across histopathological tumor types. In correlation with tumor stages, stage III was substantially linked compared to stage I (P0.01). In conclusion, we referred to the potential to use XAGE1 to discriminate malignant ovarian tumors as a diagnostic biomarker. The connection of high XAGE 1 level with advanced ovarian cancer stages has also been established, supporting XAGE 1’s proposed role in poor prognosis. Finally, finding the specific involvement of this gene in ovarian cancer and other kinds of malignancies may require further investigations.
Immune Response to anti-HBs Antibodies in Health Workers Following Hepatitis B Vaccination

According to Regulation No. 53 of 2015 of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, a high risk of HBV infection in health workers is a problem that requires attention, and vaccination knowledge is critical to reducing these risk factors. Furthermore, because some people do not produce a sufficient antibody-forming (anti-HBs) response to HBsAg, testing for evidence of protective immunity against hepatitis B vaccination is required (Hepatitis B Surface Antigen). The purpose of the study was to determine the mapping of the characteristics of anti-HBs antibodies response after hepatitis B vaccination in health workers in terms of age, gender, ethnicity, smoking habits, obesity, vaccination frequency, last time of vaccination. Sixty vaccinated health workers were used to creating the research sample. Anti-HBs levels/titers in serum were measured using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method, and a questionnaire was used to compile the data for this study. Age, gender, smoking, obesity, and vaccination dose were all used to map the outcomes of the anti-HBs antibody immune response study. Anti-HBs antibody response in health workers was graded as poor in 36 people (60%) and strong in 24 (40%). Regarding ethnic origin, lifestyle, obesity, and vaccination dose (frequency), there was no significant link between post-vaccination anti-HBs antibody response in health workers. In terms of age and gender, there is a strong association between post-vaccination anti-HBs antibody responses in health workers. Low antibody titers should be revaccinated to enhance anti-HBs titers, and health workers who smoke should quit because it reduces the levels of anti-HBs titers produced clinically.
Urban employment in post-transition economies: skill mismatch in the local labor market

The paper explores the mismatch between the skills and qualifications required by the labour market and those acquired through education and on-the-job learning. The skill mismatch in transition economies tends to be even more pronounced as the labour markets in these countries are characterized by structural unemployment, affecting both older workers with obsolete skills and the young ones. Employers face poor incentives for investing in workforce skill development, due to the inadequate investment climate and volatile business environment. Transition countries face increasing outward mobility of an educated workforce, loss of human capital, and shortage of workforce in the fields such as ICT, medicine, science and research. The research is based on empirical data generated in a survey on ICT and manufacturing enterprises in the City of Niš, Serbia. The research methodology combines workers' self-assessment method for the skill gap measurement and the competence approach combined with the statistical methods. The findings indicate the presence of a qualification mismatch, in the form of the over-qualification as a dominant irregularity in the analysed labour market. The results of the study are expected to contribute to creating a network of policy instrumentaria that tend to be effective on a sub-national level in addressing the mismatch.
Longitudinal Healthcare Utilization and Costs in Parkinson's Disease: Pre-Diagnosis to 9 Years After.

BACKGROUND There is currently insufficient long-term data on costs of treatment in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), which is chronic and progressive, and associated with substantial healthcare costs. Identifying patterns in healthcare utilization and cost may illuminate further discussion on early intervention. OBJECTIVE To characterize long-term healthcare utilization and costs of PD in newly diagnosed patients managed by movement disorder specialists. METHODS Using a longitudinal matched-cohort study of linked data from the National Neuroscience Institute Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorder and healthcare administrative databases in Singapore from 2008-2017, we compared healthcare utilization and costs between patients and controls matched on age, sex, race, and Charlson Comorbidity Index score. RESULTS 1,162 patients met study inclusion criteria and 1,157 matched controls were identified. The total mean annual healthcare cost (at 2017 costs) was significantly increased in patients compared to controls from years 1-9 post-diagnosis. The increased cost was observed 2 years before diagnosis (USD2322 vs. 2052; p < 0.001). Mean annual cost attributable to PD increased from USD1854 at 1-year post-diagnosis to USD2652 at 9 years. Over 9 years, average costs were significantly higher across all domains of healthcare utilization except primary care-cost of intermediate and long-term care was increased by a factor of 2.5, specialist care by 2.3, emergency department visits by 1.6, and hospital admissions by 1.3. CONCLUSION PD results in higher healthcare utilization and costs. Pre-diagnosis increase in healthcare utilization observed in patients supports the presence of prodromal PD symptoms and may present an opportunity for early diagnosis.
Diurnal Cycle of Rainfall and Convective Properties over West and Central Africa

The need to investigate diurnal weather cycles in West Africa originates from the fact that complex interactions often result between mesoscale and synoptic weather processes. This study investigates diurnal cycles of rainfall and convective properties using six (6) hour interval data from the ERA-Interim and de-rived products from the Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission (TRMM). Results showed that the land-ocean warming contrast is more strongly sensitive to the seasonal cycle, being very weak during March-May (MAM) but clearly spelled out during June-September (JJAS). Dipoles of wind convergence/divergence and wet/dry precipitation, between CASS and Nigeria Savannah zones, were identified in the morning and evening hours of MAM, whereas distinct night and day anomalies, same location in CASS, were found to be consistent during the JJAS season. The locations of flash count and system sizes agree with the climatology of convective properties, that morning and day-time hours are dominated by stratiform precipitation and small system sizes. Most results clearly showed that the eastern locations of Sudano and Sahel are consistently dry because rainfall and precipitation features are predominantly few. Very unique results about the dipole of wind and precipitation between two zones and the unusual dry zones of Sudan and Sahel have been found. Results presented had shown the importance of diurnal variation in understanding precipitation, flash count, system sizes patterns at diurnal scales, and understanding land-ocean contrast, precipitation and wind field anomaly at diurnal scales.
LanCon-Learn: Learning with Language to Enable Generalization in Multi-Task Manipulation

Robots must be capable of learning from previously solved tasks and generalizing that knowledge to quickly perform new tasks to realize the vision of ubiquitous and useful robot assistance in the real world. While multi-task learning research has produced agents capable of performing multiple tasks, these tasks are often encoded as one-hot goals. In contrast, natural language specifications offer an accessible means both for (1) users to describe a set of new tasks to the robot and (2) robots to reason about the similarities and differences among tasks through language-based task embeddings. Until now, multi-task learning with language has been limited to navigation based tasks and has not been applied to continuous manipulation tasks, requiring precision to grasp and move objects. We present LanCon-Learn, a novel attention-based approach to language-conditioned multi-task learning in manipulation domains to enable learning agents to reason about relationships between skills and task objectives through natural language and interaction. We evaluate LanCon-Learn for both reinforcement learning and imitation learning, across multiple virtual robot domains along with a demonstration on a physical robot. LanCon-Learn achieves up to a 200% improvement in zero-shot task success rate and transfers known skills to novel tasks faster than non-language-based baselines, demonstrating the utility of language for goal specification.
Child Delinquency, ACEs, and the Juvenile Justice System: Does Exposure to ACEs Affect Justice System Experiences for Children?

Thousands of children ages 12 and under are referred to juvenile justice systems each year, and little is known about how their experiences may differ from those of older youth. The purpose of this study was to compare risk factors associated with juvenile justice referral between children and adolescents and examine differences in adjudication and disposition of referred children and adolescents. The moderating role of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) was also examined. Using data from the Florida Department of Juvenile Justice, results suggest children referred to the juvenile justice system are more likely to have experienced greater numbers of ACEs, have family and school problems, and be referred by schools. Results also indicate children and adolescents differ in their experiences within the juvenile justice system, and that experiences vary according to exposure to ACEs. Results suggest juvenile justice system officials should consider the unique needs of children referred to the system and be cognizant of the influence of non-legal factors in decision-making for this population.