Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Investigation of estuarine turbulent flow and suspended sediment structures using high resolution coherent Doppler current profilers and a Sontek ADV ocean probe

High resolution coherent Doppler current profilers, developed at the Proudman Oceanographic Laboratory, have been used to measure the near bed vertical and horizontal flow profiles, and the suspended sediment structures in an estuarine environment. Profiles are available at intervals of one sixteenth of a second, giving the ability to measure turbulent flow and rapid variability in sediment concentration. The range used by the Doppler systems was 1.5 metres, with a resolution of 46 mm. The profile data enables measurements to be made of the temporal and spatial scales of the velocity and flow structures. The data collected using these systems have also been compared with the point measurements obtained using a Sontek ADV Ocean Probe, mounted at a small distance from the Doppler transducers. The data from the two different types of instrument were compared, and showed good correlation between the measurements of both mean and turbulent flow. The temporal variability in the two data sets gave further detail of the velocity field structures.
The inclusive city : infrastructure and public services for the urban poor in Asia

Getting basic services-housing, transportation, trash disposal, water, and sanitation-poses almost unimaginable challenges to the urban poor of Asia. The Inclusive City provides case studies of how governmental programs attempt to meet these challenges by directly involving the poor themselves in improving their access to urban services through collaborative efforts. Case studies are drawn from the largest cities in India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, China (including Hong Kong), Indonesia, and the Philippines. Contributors to the book are scholar-practitioners from Asia as well as Australia, Canada, and the United States.
Numerical investigation of the Poisson's ratio of amorphous graphene sheets

The one‐atom‐thick allotrope of graphite, C4 is called monolayer graphene and was discovered in 2004. It is well known for its fantastic electro‐mechanical properties. While transverse contraction and Poisson's ratio were previously studied only for homogeneous or crystalline two‐dimensional (2D) mono‐ and bilayer network structures under uniaxial tensile stress, we now numerically investigate these material properties for amorphous or non‐crystalline monolayer graphene. Here, we pay special attention to the influence of the network heterogeneity. We find the stress‐strain correlation in good agreement with the literature, and we find auxetic behavior, that is, negative Poisson's ratio, over a wide range within the elastic regime.
Distribución latitudinal y altitudinal de tres especies del género Basileuterus en el noroeste argentino

Se presenta información sobre la distribución latitudinal y altitudinal de Basileuterus signatus, Basileuterus culicivorus y Basileuterus bivittatus en el noroeste argentino. Fueron capturados 322 individuos de las tres especies, a lo que se sumaron observaciones de campo y la revisión de ejemplares de museo. Los resultados mostraron que Basileuterus culicivorus y Basileuterus bivittatus se excluyen latitudinalmente, y que Basileuterus signatus y Basileuterus bivittatus se segregan en los rangos altitudinales que utilizan. Tanto la exclusión competitiva como el ingreso secuencial de las especies al área durante el Pleistoceno podrían explicar estos patrones de distribución.
Thermosensory thalamus: parallel processing across model organisms

The thalamus acts as an interface between the periphery and the cortex, with nearly every sensory modality processing information in the thalamocortical circuit. Despite well-established thalamic nuclei for visual, auditory, and tactile modalities, the key thalamic nuclei responsible for innocuous thermosensation remains under debate. Thermosensory information is first transduced by thermoreceptors located in the skin and then processed in the spinal cord. Temperature information is then transmitted to the brain through multiple spinal projection pathways including the spinothalamic tract and the spinoparabrachial tract. While there are fundamental studies of thermal transduction via thermosensitive channels in primary sensory afferents, thermal representation in the spinal projection neurons, and encoding of temperature in the primary cortical targets, comparatively little is known about the intermediate stage of processing in the thalamus. Multiple thalamic nuclei have been implicated in thermal encoding, each with a corresponding cortical target, but without a consensus on the role of each pathway. Here, we review a combination of anatomy, physiology, and behavioral studies across multiple animal models to characterize the thalamic representation of temperature in two proposed thermosensory information streams.
Códigos Fountain y su aplicación a las comunicaciones a través de las redes de baja tensión

Investigacion financiada por la subvencion de proyecto "Evaluation, Planning and Improvement of Key Technologies for the Future Internet: Knowledge and Transfer (CALM)" y tambien desarrollada en el marco del "Programa de Ayudas a Grupos de Excelencia de la Region de Murcia, de la Fundacion Seneca, Agencia de Ciencia y Tecnologia de la RM (Plan Regional de Ciencia y Tecnologia 2007/2010)". Pedro J. Pinero Escuer tambien agradece a la Fundacion Seneca la concesion de una beca predoctoral FPI.
Histone and DNA Methylation as Epigenetic Regulators of DNA Damage Repair in Gastric Cancer and Emerging Therapeutic Opportunities

Simple Summary Histone and DNA methylations are widely studied epigenetic marks in gastric cancer. Methylation is involved in DNA damage repair (DDR) and can also regulate non-histone DDR proteins, thereby orchestrating DNA repair processes. Homologous recombination is the main pathway involved in the repair of double-strand breaks. Defects in the homologous recombination DNA repair system can cause homologous recombination deficiency (HRD). In this context, targeting DDR pathways has emerged as a promising cancer treatment strategy, with DDR inhibitors (especially PARP inhibitors) showing clinical success. In this review, we will discuss the alterations detected in histone and DNA methylation in gastric cancer and describe how these epigenetic processes affect DDR in gastric carcinogenesis. Moreover, we will dissect the applications of DDR inhibitors in the context of HRD and their promising role in gastric cancer treatment. Abstract Gastric cancer (GC), one of the most common malignancies worldwide, is a heterogeneous disease developing from the accumulation of genetic and epigenetic changes. One of the most critical epigenetic alterations in GC is DNA and histone methylation, which affects multiple processes in the cell nucleus, including gene expression and DNA damage repair (DDR). Indeed, the aberrant expression of histone methyltransferases and demethylases influences chromatin accessibility to the DNA repair machinery; moreover, overexpression of DNA methyltransferases results in promoter hypermethylation, which can suppress the transcription of genes involved in DNA repair. Several DDR mechanisms have been recognized so far, with homologous recombination (HR) being the main pathway involved in the repair of double-strand breaks. An increasing number of defective HR genes are emerging in GC, resulting in the identification of important determinants of therapeutic response to DDR inhibitors. This review describes how both histone and DNA methylation affect DDR in the context of GC and discusses how alterations in DDR can help identify new molecular targets to devise more effective therapeutic strategies for GC, with a particular focus on HR-deficient tumors.
The Role of Managerial Accounting Information Affecting Balanced Scorecard Effectiveness

Business organization management for competitive achievement under the changing situations today has to rely on the executives’ competence. However, the crucial factor is not only competence but also an accurate and reliable managerial instrument. Therefore, Managerial Accounting Information is taken into consideration since it is an instrument that enhances executives to plan, control, and make a decision accurately. Hence, this research emphasizes studying the role of Managerial Accounting Information and other factors affecting the balanced scorecard effectiveness. The study uses a quantitative method for data collection derived from the executives’ group managing the residential business. The samples were 109 executives. The instrument used was a questionnaire. The data analysis was Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The research result revealed that other factors involved have to pass the use of Managerial Accounting Information. It helps lead to balanced scorecard effectiveness well. The significance rearrangement is as follows: Corporate Strategy (CO), Job-Relevant Information (JRI), and Executive Features (EF). These results indicate that Managerial Accounting Information takes a crucial role in being used as an instrument to achieve the effectiveness of organizational management. However, if any organization realizes the significance of such factors, it can use the Managerial Accounting Information for operating efficiently and develop the organization to achieve the sustainability of competitive achievement.
Study on the Genus Plectranthus (Lamiaceae) in Java: P. verticillatus, a captivating new alien species

Plectranthus (Lamiaceae) is a popular ornamental plant all over the world. The study of the genus Plectranthus in Java was considered complete after the publication of Flora of Java Vol. II. Many authors, however, have reported the presence of numerous alien species on the island in recent years. The aim of this research is to provide current information on Plectranthus in Java, particularly the newly recorded alien species. The study was carried out using the free exploration method in the provinces of Banten, Jakarta, West Java, and East Java. We reported the first occurrence of P. verticillatus (L.f.) Druce in Java in this paper. The species is a succulent herb native to Southern Africa that has grown in popularity as an ornamental plant throughout the world. It is a newly discovered alien species to the Alien Flora of Java. The species appears to have escaped cultivation, with spontaneous populations found in Jatihandap and Cipadung, both in Bandung City. We also reported that P. verticillatus is the only member of Plectranthus found in Java in a recent taxonomic study. There is a description, photographs, botanical illustrations, and a brief discussion.
Vegetation structure at Zhanjiang Mangrove National Nature Reserve (ZMNNR), P.R. China: comparison between original and non-original trees using ground-truth, remote sensing and GIS techniques

In order to determine the areas best suitable for future genetic differentiation works at Zhanjiang Mangrove National Nature Reserve (China), the present methodological study has attempted to define a step-wise procedure to distinguish mangrove trees present before planting schemes (Om areas) from trees which were planted, as well as, trees that have naturally established after interaction between planted and non-planted trees (e.g., through pollination) (NOm areas). Subsequently, Corona satellite (mono-band) image from 1967 and a high resolution GeoEye-1 (multi-spectral) image from 2009 digitized mangrove cover areas were overlapped to detect a priori ground inventory which consisted in selecting 5x5m plots from 1967 vegetative areas (Om) and the remaining forest in 2009 (NOm). In each plot, the tree structural parameters such as density (ind. ha), basal area (m. ha), height (m), and Complexity Index (CI), were estimated for validating the differences between Om and Nom stands. The data were analyzed through Bray-Curtis similarity and non-metric Multidimensional Scaling plots in PRIMER v.6. It was possible to identify 3 groups from each hierarchical clustering of the above vegetation indicators (similarity percentages: for density 45%, basal area 25%, and height 65%). The species’ distributional patterns have indicated that Om areas are in a state of maturity (total density, 1,868 9, 327 ind. ha1 and total basal area, 0.83 1.252 m2. ha1), and representing characteristics of less disturbed forest. Similarly, high CI values were obtained from Om stands. In addition, the sequential satellite imageries (1967-1971-2000-2009) revealed an increase of 347% in mangrove cover dominated by Aegiceras corniculatum (42.4%). Overall, the results suggest that the methodology is straight forward for distinguishing Om stands from and Nom stands, whereby dominant or bimodal species are categorized by their differences in height. Finally, the advantages and limitations of this methodology were highlighted, along with some recommendations for future genetic studies at ZMNNR.
Modeling the surface mass balance of a high Arctic glacier using the ERA‐40 reanalysis

[1] Investigating glacier mass balance via the use of numerical models provides an important insight into glacier-climate interactions and allows for the assessment of future changes in sea level and local water resources. The application of mass balance models to unmonitored regions has previously been inhibited by the inadequate spatial coverage of local meteorological observations. One way to overcome this problem is through the use of climate reanalysis products. In this paper we evaluate the ability of the European Centre for Medium-Range Forecasts ERA-40 reanalysis to drive a surface mass balance model of Midre Lovenbreen, northwest Spitsbergen, Svalbard. The ERA-40 reanalysis is validated and bias-corrected against long-term observations from two nearby in situ weather stations. The model is calibrated over the period of mass balance observations (1968–2001) using a downhill simplex parameter optimization technique to minimize the error between observed and simulated mass balances. The calibrated model is then used to extend the mass balance record of Midre Lovenbreen back to the beginning of the reanalysis in 1958. Overall, the ERA-40 reanalysis is found to correspond sufficiently well with surface observations to be used for mass balance modeling. When driven using the ERA-40 reanalysis, the calibrated surface mass balance model performs very well. The area-averaged cumulative errors for winter, summer, and net balances are all very small over the period 1968–2001 (<0.3 m water equivalent (w.e.)). For the centerline stakes the correlation coefficients between observed and modeled net, winter, and summer balances are 0.83, 0.84, and 0.77, respectively. Using the hindcasted mass balances, a mean cumulative mass loss of −17.8 ± 3.7 m w.e. is estimated over the 44 year period 1958–2001.
Effect of the Degree of Filling on Mechanical Properties of Polymeric Specimens from Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol and Polylactic Acid Produced by 3D Printing

Based 3D printing has become very popular in recent years due to the emergence of projects for low-cost machines, making the technology very accessible. In view of this, some polymers, in general, in thermoplastic filaments, are placed on the market for application in this type of printing technique, making it increasingly necessary to develop research for the characterization of materials to provide information on physical, thermal and mechanical properties. For the development of this work, the polymer poly(ethylene glycol terephthalate) (PETG) was used for a comparative study in relation to poly(lactic acid) (PLA). PETG is obtained by adding modified glycol to the material composition during the polymerization process. It consists of a polymer with a glass transition temperature close to 80°C, with mechanical properties similar to those of PET, with the advantages of notable tenacity, flexibility, and high processing capacity, and PLA is a polymer synthesized from corn sugar, potatoes, and sugar cane, through bioconversion and polymerization. PLA presents biocompatibility, biodegradability, and biological absorption, presenting good mechanical properties, processability, thermal stability and low environmental impact. Mechanical tests of compressive strength and flexural strength were carried out. In the compressive strength test, the specimen with 100% filling presented a deformation 76% greater than the specimen with 50% filling. This can be attributed to the mechanical property of the PETG polymer, as it is very ductile, thus facilitating the processability of this artifact. The mechanical flexural strength tests carried out with the PLA polymer with the highest filling percentages (100% and 50%) showed less deformation until failure, characterizing them as more ductile materials. On the other hand, specimens with 30% filling showed ~215% greater deformation than specimens with 100% filling. With this, it can be seen that PLA has greater flexibility and tenacity for fillings of low percentages, due to the internal spacing absorbing the impact of loads. The PLA polymer showed better mechanical properties, such as Young's modulus, ductility and more satisfactory resistance when compared to the PETG polymer. As well as the synthesis of PLA, it characterizes the process in a more sustainable way, as it is a biopolymer, in addition to its excellent processability.
Dielectric and Structural Properties of the Hybrid Material Polyvinylidene Fluoride-Bacterial Nanocellulose-Based Composite

In the search for environmentally friendly materials with a wide range of properties, polymer composites have emerged as a promising alternative due to their multifunctional properties. This study focuses on the synthesis of composite materials consisting of four components: bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) modified with magnetic Fe3O4, and a mixture of BaTiO3 (BT) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). The BT powder was mechanically activated prior to mixing with PVDF. The influence of BT mechanical activation and BNC with magnetic particles on the PVDF matrix was investigated. The obtained composite films’ structural characteristics, morphology, and dielectric properties are presented. This research provides insights into the relationship between mechanical activation of the filler and structural and dielectric properties in the PVDF/BT/BNC/Fe3O4 system, creating the way for the development of materials with a wide range of diverse properties that support the concept of green technologies.
Evidence for in situ microcracks in the near surface from sonic logs

Laboratory measurements on rocks over a range of pressures indicate that as the pressure increases the velocity rises due to the closure of microcracks. Evidence for in situ microcracks in the near surface bas come mainly from the assumption that the cracks will be aligned parallel the axis of maximum stress and will thus cause anisotropy which can best be measured from multi-component shear wave data. If the microcracks have small aspect ratios then a dilute concentration will produce a measurable reduction in the coinpressional velocity even if they are not aligned.
A non‐fragile approach to fault estimation for a class of multi‐rate systems under binary encoding schemes

This article is concerned with the non‐fragile fault estimation issue for a class of multi‐rate systems under binary encoding schemes (BES). A specific dynamics relationship with zero second‐order difference is employed to characterize the evolution of the actuator fault. The signal communication is regulated by the BESs, where the resulting random bit errors are characterized by a certain stochastic noise. The aim of this article is to design a fault estimator such that the estimation error dynamics is exponentially ultimately bounded in mean square. First, an equivalent single‐rate system is formulated via the lifting technique. Then, by virtue of the stochastic analysis method and the matrix inequality approach, sufficient conditions are developed to ensure the existence of the desired fault estimator. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed estimator design strategy is testified through a simulation example.
Testing of the Multi-Fluid Evaporator Engineering Development Unit

Hamilton Sundstrand is under contract with the NASA Johnson Space Center to develop a scalable, evaporative heat rejection system called the Multi-Fluid Evaporator (MFE). It is being designed to support the Orion Crew Module and to support future Constellation missions. The MFE would be used from Earth sea level conditions to the vacuum of space. The current Shuttle configuration utilizes an ammonia boiler and flash evaporator system to achieve cooling at all altitudes. The MFE system combines both functions into a single compact package with significant weight reduction and improved freeze-up protection. The heat exchanger core is designed so that radial flow of the evaporant provides increasing surface area to keep the back pressure low. The multiple layer construction of the core allows for efficient scale up to the desired heat rejection rate. The full scale MFE prototype will be constructed with four core sections that, combined with a novel control scheme, manage the risk of freezing the heat exchanger cores. A sub-scale MFE engineering development unit (EDU) has been built, and is identical to one of the four sections of a full scale prototype. The EDU has completed testing at Hamilton Sundstrand. The overall test objective was to determine the thermal performance of the EDU. The first set of tests simulated how each of the four sections of the prototype would perform by varying the chamber pressure, evaporant flow rate, coolant flow rate and coolant temperature. A second set of tests was conducted with an outlet steam header in place to verify that the outlet steam orifices prevent freeze-up in the core while also allowing the desired thermal turn-down ratio. This paper discusses the EDU tests and results.
Key factors of nature-based tourism future development in less-developed nature destinations: Case study: Ardabil province of Iran

The study examines key factors influencing nature-based tourism (NBT) development in less-developed nature destinations, selecting Ardabil province of Iran as a case study. It employed a qualitative approach involving fifteen semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis. The study identified seven factors contributing to the development of NBT: tourism development requirements, new managerial initiatives, political support and planning, democratic approach, destination management, sustainability and awareness. The study highlights the importance of sustainability in shaping the future of NBT, which must be considered in policymaking and planning and environmental and climate change impact management. The study recommends knowledge circulation for effective future-based planning. The findings provide valuable insight into the factors required for NBT development at macro and micro levels and can assist DMOs and policymakers of less-developed nature destinations better underrated NBT destination management, allowing them to be better prepared for the future.