Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Application of Biopile System for the Remediation of Petroleum-Hydrocarbon Contaminated Soils

The objective of this study was to assess the potential of applying enhanced bioremediation on the treatment of petroleum-hydrocarbon contaminated soils. Microcosm experiments were conducted to determine the optimal biodegradation conditions. The control factors included oxygen content, nutrient addition, addition of commercially available mixed microbial inocula, addition of wood chips and rice husks (volume ratio = 1:1) as bulking agents, and addition of organic amendments (chicken manures). Results indicate that the supplement of microbial inocula or chicken manures could significantly increase the microbial populations in soils, and thus, enhance the efficiency of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) removal (initial TPH = 5,500 mg/kg). The highest first-order TPH decay rate and removal ratio were approximately 0.015 day –1 and 85%, respectively, observed in microcosms containing microbial inocula (mass ratio of soil to inocula = 50:1), nutrient, and bulking agent (volume ratio of soil to bulking agent = 10 to 1) during 155 days of incubation. Results indicate that the first-order TPH decay rates of 0.015 and 0.0142 day –1 can be obtained with the addition of microbial inocula and chicken manures, respectively, compared with the decay rate of 0.0069 day –1 under intrinsic conditions. Thus, chicken manures have the potential to be used as substitutes of commercial microbial inocula. The decay rate and removal ratio can be further enhanced to 0.0196 day –1 and 87%, respectively, with frequent soil shaking and air replacement. Results will be useful in designing an ex-situ soil bioremediation systems (e.g., biopile, landfarming) for practical application.
Secondary Pollutants from VOCs in Urban Indoor Air

People spend most of their time in indoor environment. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are commonly found in indoors due to the presence of several indoor sources. Besides, outdoor VOCs, when infiltrate into the indoors, increase indoor levels of VOCs. Some studies have reported that VOCs in indoor air may be involved in the production of secondary pollutants. This study investigates the role of VOCs in forming secondary air pollutants and identifies the critical environmental factors, which favor the reactions. It was found that VOCs form secondary organic aerosols (SOAs), which remain in particle form in the ultrafine size range. In this, pollutants like ozone (O3), oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and hydroxyl radicles (OH) take part. SOA constitutes major portion of particulate matter in indoors and as it has fine size, it is suspected to cause severe health effects. The article is, therefore, focused on the importance and challenges that SOAs pose to indoor environment. Mitigation measures and research gaps are also discussed.
Energy Efficient Integrated Summer and Latch-Based DFE With Reduced Tap Loading

This brief presents the design of an integrated summer and latch based decision feedback equalizer (DFE) receiver with first tap-current sharing. The proposed DFE incorporates power efficient integration of summer and latch operation with reduced degradation in loop delay because of the addition of DFE taps unlike existing topologies in literature. The proposed half-rate DFE receiver with two taps has been implemented and fabricated in 65 nm CMOS technology. It has been measured at a data rate of 4 Gb/s for a FR4 channel having a loss of 18 dB at Nyquist frequency. The total power consumption of the receiver is 0.938 mW with an energy efficiency of 0.23 pJ/b for a BER <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$ < 10^{-12}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. The core occupies an area of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$993.7~\mu m^{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>.
On the ice and heat balance in Fram Strait

The sea ice margin northwest of Spitsbergen is schematically represented by a stationary wedge maintained by opposing ice and warm Atlantic water advection. Ice melt and cooling of the surface water generate a mixed layer with properties approximating those found elsewhere in the Arctic basin. The heat energy required to melt the advancing ice is roughly comparable to the rate of heat loss of the West Spitsbergen Current and suggests that direct heat exchange with the atmosphere is less important. Only a small fraction of the nearly fresh water from ice melt exits through eastern Fram Strait, and most of it appears to return to the Arctic basin. Whether or not it contributes to the formation and maintenance of the Arctic mixed layer depends on the largely unknown circulation pattern north of Fram Strait. An example of the large interannual variation of the mean wind stress field is shown to illustrate the likelihood of an equally large variance of the ice and surface water circulation.
Adaptation of the Academic Digital Literacy Scale for College Students: A Validity and Reliability Study

Today's students can also be called "Generation Z," which cannot be separated from their digital life. The characteristics of Generation Z, "digital natives," are very comfortable using digital devices in their social media life. Even though students as a whole are comfortable with digital technologies for interaction, they are still learning how to incorporate digital devices into their academic lives. The aim of the research is to adapt a digital literacy measuring tool to become the Indonesian version of student academic digital literacy. Adaptation methods include translation, synthesis, expert committee review, and pretesting. The research respondents were 364 students in the province of East Java, Indonesia. Data analysis used confirmatory factor analysis with M-Plus software. The results showed that the loading factor values ranged from 0.47-0.87 and met the minimum criteria, so they could be said to be valid. The reliability is indicated by the value alpha = 0.87 and CR = 0.89, which has met the minimum criteria, so it is reliable, while the AVE = 0.74 has met the minimum criteria, so it shows good convergence.
The Role of Dydrogesterone in the Management of Luteal Phase Defect: A Comprehensive Review

The luteal phase of the menstrual cycle is a pivotal period characterized by hormonal intricacies that lay the foundation for successful embryo implantation and early pregnancy development. Luteal phase defect (LPD), marked by abnormalities in luteal function, presents challenges that can impede reproductive outcomes. This comprehensive review article explores the role of dydrogesterone in LPD management, elucidating its mechanisms of action, evidence of efficacy, safety profile, and potential in combination therapies. Dydrogesterone, a synthetic progestogen, closely mirrors natural progesterone's actions, effectively supplementing the luteal phase and enhancing endometrial receptivity. Clinical studies demonstrate improved pregnancy rates, extended luteal phase support, and enhanced reproductive outcomes with dydrogesterone supplementation. Its favorable safety profile, minimal side effects, and reduced risk of unwanted hormonal effects contribute to its appeal. Furthermore, dydrogesterone's inclusion in international guidelines solidifies its importance in LPD management. Combination therapies, leveraging synergistic effects, offer a comprehensive approach. As gaps in knowledge persist, future research directions and personalized treatment strategies pave the way for a future where dydrogesterone stands as a beacon of hope in conquering the challenges of LPD and achieving successful reproductive outcomes.
High-quality education for better sustainability and resiliency

The world meets poly crises in climate, pandemic, energy, food, human rights, and migration; hot and cold wars have come in Europe and other regions. The scope of the tasks becomes unprecedented, and their complexity demands high-level skill sets and teaching culture. Education moves into epicentres of the fight for better sustainability and resilience. The United National Sustainable Development Goals Four (SDG4) supposes allocating and diligently using several trillion US dollars for the next decades. The ambitious goals drive the educational system to be at a decent level regarding outcome and process. Saving gratitude to functions of a fundamental human right, a public good, gender equality, and an absolute right to education for all, the author urges that high-quality education is the priority because it will help society to cope with a new level of challenges and even existential threats the climate-like. The article describes the methodology and the importance of soft-hard skills for teaching and learning. The secondary-based sources research illustrates practical results regarding the educational process. The Triple Bottom Line principle (Planet, Profit, People) encompasses many disciplines engaging the main aspects of sustainability and resiliency and climate change for the university curricula in a coherent way. The article considers future trends in high education and case studies connected with the European Green Deal, environmental, social, and governance (ESG) reporting and practical aspects of Green Growth and De-Growth Theory. The Quality of Education reflects the regulator’s requirements and social and personal expectations. Life-long learning becomes a norm. The authors consider university products, processes and platforms through the lens of future trends, threats and opportunities. In times of turbulence, the results obtained through students’ upskilling and reskilling programs should fit the demands of new jobs, technologies, and financial mechanisms.
Recognition of mineralogical and technological varieties of iron ore on the basis of ultrasound backscatter spectrograms

The research is aimed to the analysis and modeling of the process of propagation of ultrasonic waves in iron ore samples to assess its mineralogical varieties. The paper analyzes domestic and foreign experience in modeling of ultrasonic waves propagation; methods of mathematical and computer modeling were used, as well as methods of mathematical statistics and probability theory for analysis of the results. Scientific novelty consists in developing and substantiating a method for recognizing the mineralogical and technological varieties of iron ore of a developed deposit based on spectrograms of a backscattered ultrasonic probing signal. Practical valueconsists in developing a methodology for non-contact non-destructive mineralogical analysis of iron ore to improve the efficiency and quality of its further processing and preparation for metallurgical processing. results. As measurable characteristic estimates of textural and structural features of iron ore varieties the results of spectral analysis of the reversed radiant ultrasonic signal were used. To implement the measurement results classification procedure, Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System is used. At the vector of parameters of membership functions of terms of input variables and the vector of coefficients of linear functions in the conclusions of the rules was formed based on the characteristics of the processed ore and the spectrograms of the backscattered ultrasonic signal. The average accuracy of recognition of magnetite, chlorite-carbonate-magnetite, hematite-magnetite, magnetite-cummngtonite-chlorite-siderite mineral varieties of iron ore of the studied deposit was 93%.
Neighborhood Crime and Travel Behavior: An Investigation of the Influence of Neighborhood Crime Rates on Mode Choice - Phase II

Little work has been done on the effects of neighborhood crimes on mode choice. While the threats posed by possible criminal activity in one’s neighborhood can play a major role in the decision to drive, take transit, walk or ride a bicycle, little empirical evidence guides public infrastructure investments, land use planning, or the allocation of police services. This report finds that high crime neighborhoods tend to discourage residents from walking or riding a bicycle; the odds of walking decrease by 17.25 percent for work trips and 61 percent for non-work trips. For transit access to work trips, the odds of choosing walking or biking to a transit station over driving decrease by almost half. On the other hand, high crime neighborhoods appear to encourage transit use. The odds of taking transit over choosing auto increase by 17.25 percent for work trips and 164 percent for non-work trips. Two possible explanations for the increase in transit use were explored: the mode choice models do not adequately account for the interplay between urban form and crime levels and mode choice; or, people who ride in cars or take transit may feel more protected when riding in a vehicle (the “neighborhood exposure hypothesis”). The report provides evidence that high crime neighborhoods encourage driving to transit stops and discourage walking or bicycling, lending support to the neighborhood exposure hypothesis.
Counter-Intuitive Features of Particle Dynamics in Nanopores

Using the framework of a continuous diffusion model based on the Smoluchowski equation, we analyze particle dynamics in the confinement of a transmembrane nanopore. We briefly review existing analytical results to highlight consequences of interactions between the channel nanopore and the translocating particles. These interactions are described within a minimalistic approach by lumping together multiple physical forces acting on the particle in the pore into a one-dimensional potential of mean force. Such radical simplification allows us to obtain transparent analytical results, often in a simple algebraic form. While most of our findings are quite intuitive, some of them may seem unexpected and even surprising at first glance. The focus is on five examples: (i) attractive interactions between the particles and the nanopore create a potential well and thus cause the particles to spend more time in the pore but, nevertheless, increase their net flux; (ii) if the potential well-describing particle-pore interaction occupies only a part of the pore length, the mean translocation time is a non-monotonic function of the well length, first increasing and then decreasing with the length; (iii) when a rectangular potential well occupies the entire nanopore, the mean particle residence time in the pore is independent of the particle diffusivity inside the pore and depends only on its diffusivity in the bulk; (iv) although in the presence of a potential bias applied to the nanopore the “downhill” particle flux is higher than the “uphill” one, the mean translocation times and their distributions are identical, i.e., independent of the translocation direction; and (v) fast spontaneous gating affects nanopore selectivity when its characteristic time is comparable to that of the particle transport through the pore.
Semantic Segmentation of Land Cover in Urban Areas by Fusing Multisource Satellite Image Time Series

Due to the complex and highly heterogeneous land cover in urban areas, the single-temporal pixel-wise and parcel-wise classification cannot realize high-precision recognition of ground objects. Semantic segmentation of satellite image time series (SITS), can distinguish objects with similar spectral reflection and temporal evolution. However, optical SITS have problems of uneven time–frequency distribution and incomplete, which makes it impossible to directly use existing models to carry out time-series semantic segmentation. This study proposes a semantic segmentation network that combines optical and radar SITS, named multisource temporal attention (TA) fusion-based temporal–spatial transformer (MTAF-TST), to achieve high-precision land cover classification in urban areas. First, MTAF-TST uses the transformer spatial semantic segmentation module to extract the spatial context information of ground objects to realize pixel-level land cover classification, which relieves the salt-and-pepper phenomenon that is easy to occur in traditional pixel-by-pixel classification in complex scenes. Second, MTAF-TST uses the transformer time feature extraction module to mine long-range time-dependent and high-level semantic information, overcoming the drawbacks of traditional convolutional and recurrent neural networks that cannot mine long-range time-dependent features of SITS. Finally, MTAF-TST uses a multisource TA fusion module to fuse the depth features of optical and radar SITS, which overcomes the shortcomings of traditional direct feature stitching methods that cannot make full use of time-correlated features, achieving high-precision land cover classification. The experimental results show that the MTAF-TST can realize the complementarity of radar and optical SITS in terms of timing integrity, color, and texture, and effectively improve the accuracy of SITS classification.
Kimmeridgian pliosaurids (Sauropterygia, Plesiosauria) from Tlaxiaco, Oaxaca, southern Mexic

En este manuscrito se describen los restos fosiles de dos ejemplares de la familia Pliosauridae. Estos fosiles Kimmeridgianos provienen de los yacimientos marinos someros depositados en la Cuenca Tlaxiaco, pertenecientes a la formacion Sabinal y que afloran la localidad Yosobe, cercana a la ciudad de Tlaxiaco, Estado de Oaxaca, al sur de Mexico. El primero de estos ejemplares es un fragmento de la premaxila derecha con dientes, los cuales muestran caracteres diagnosticos que permiten su identificacion taxonomica como miembro del genero Liopleurodon. El segundo ejemplar esta compuesto de un numero significativamente mayor de elementos oseos; sin embargo, solo es posible identificar este como un miembro de la familia Pliosauridae. A pesar de la escasez de los registros fosiles de pliosaurios hasta ahora recuperados en Yosobe, los ejemplares descritos aqui contribuyen de manera significativa al conocimiento de este grupo extinto. Por un lado, estos fosiles Kimmeridgianos son los representantes de estos reptiles mas meridionales descubiertos en America del Norte y los primeros colectados en los yacimientos del Corredor Hispano. Por otro lado, la presencia del genero Liopleurodon en este sitio confirma que su distribucion biogeografica alcanzo el dominio occidental del Mar de Tethys, mas alla de Europa
Enhancing heat transfer performance of automotive car radiator using camphor nanoparticles: experimental study with bibliometric analysis

In this study, an attempt was made to investigate the heat transfer performance of a four-wheeler automotive radiator using a novel coolant system. To support this study, we also added bibliometric analysis to show the importance of this study. In the experiments, camphor nanoparticles (sizes of 511 nm) with various loadings (i.e. 2, 4, 6, and 8%) were mixed with deionized water (DW) to create a coolant. The experiments were conducted at different heat convection processes (i.e. 0.5, 1.45, and 3.7 m/s). The significant heat transfer performance parameters, such as Reynolds number (Re), Nusselt number (Nu), overall heat transfer coefficient (U), and heat transfer rate (Q), were examined. The Fourier Transform Infrared results revealed the presence of significant functional groups in the coolant system. camphor nanoparticles dispersed in DW were stable for more than 8 hours. At 70 ᵒC, the novel coolant (2% camphor nanoparticles in DW) exhibits better Re, Nu, U, and Q than that using pure DW or other loadings of nanoparticles (e.g. 4, 6, and 8%). The high percentage of camphor nanoparticles in DW restricts the fluid flow, resulting in a drop in overall heat transfer performance. Finally, low-cost, easily available, and eco-friendly camphor nanoparticles (2%) are suggested as a better choice in lieu of high-cost metallic and non-metallic nanoparticles as an additive in the coolant system.
Using Inverse Transmission Matrices for Marchenko Redatuming in Highly Complex Media

The goal of Marchenko redatuming is to reconstruct, from single-sided reflection data, wavefields at virtual subsurface locations containing transmitted and reflected primaries and internal multiples, while relying on limited or no knowledge of discontinuties in subsurface properties. Here, we address the limitations of the current Marchenko scheme in retrieving waves in highly heterogeneous media, such as subsalt or subbasalt. We focus on the initial focusing function that plays a key role in the iterative scheme, and propose an alternative focusing function that uses an estimate of the inverse transmission operator from a reference model that contains sharp contrasts (e.g., salt boundaries). Using a physics-driven estimate of the inverse transmission operator, we demonstrate that the new approach retrieves improved subsurface wavefields, including enhanced amplitudes and internal multiples, in a subsalt environment.
DEC-NWD: an approach for open set domain adaptation in fault diagnosis

The issue of data-driven cross-domain fault diagnosis for rolling bearings has been effectively addressed through advancements in domain adaptation (DA) methods. However, most existing approaches assume the same set of labels for training data and test data. This assumption often falls short of reality, as new fault types may emerge during the testing phase, resulting in less effective DA methods based on marginal distribution. To address this issue, this study proposes an open set DA method based on domain similarity, entropy, confidence, and nuclear-norm 1-Wasserstein discrepancy (NWD). Within this method, a sample-level transferability criterion is introduced. This criterion quantifies the transferability of target samples and assigns small weights to the unknown class. The complementary nature of entropy and confidence is exploited to improve the discriminability of the network for highly uncertain predictions and to use multiple classifiers to compensate for the possible influence of prediction errors on confidence. Additionally, the NWD is utilized in this method. It treats the classifier as a discriminator and leverages the predicted discriminative information to maximize the alignment of the common classes between the source and target domains. The proposed method has been validated through extensive experiments conducted on two publicly available bearing datasets.
Geological controls on Upper Permian Plattendolomit Formation reservoir prospectivity, Wissey Field, UK Southern North Sea

ABSTRACT Interpretation of a large, well-calibrated 3D seismic volume, electrical well-log data and core samples from the Quadrant 53 area of the Southern North Sea provides a new-found basis for understanding the controls on gas production in the Wissey Field, a successful test of the Upper Permian (Zechstein Group; Z3 Cycle) Plattendolomit Formation carbonate play in the Southern Permian Basin (SPB). The petrophysical assessment of wells combined with facies analysis demonstrates that the Plattendolomit Formation represents the northward progradation of an important upward-shoaling carbonate platform. The results show that the highest primary porosity values, lie within the uppermost reservoir sub-units of the Plattendolomit Formation, which consist of brecciated packstones and overlying oolitic grainstones developed at the shelf edge of the Z3 carbonate ramp and sealed by back-barrier lagoonal anhydritic mudstones (ascribed to the Scolt Head Formation). It can now be shown that the play fairway is enhanced where two (WSW–ESE and NNW–SSE-striking) fault trends intersect and cause fracturing of the reservoir interval, providing the additional permeability critical for reservoir production. Seismic stratigraphic studies demonstrate that early (pre-Cretaceous) normal fault sets were formed on both trends and were locally affected by contractional deformation (structural inversion) during the Late Cretaceous. As well as explaining the key geological factors that contribute to production success in the Wissey Field itself, the results provide a foundation for evaluating the prospective potential that the Plattendolomit Formation has elsewhere in the SPB.