Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Pfizer vaccine on IL-12/IFN-γ pathway with related to COVID-19 infection

Critical patients with pandemic COVID-19 have dysregulation in immune response, like cytokine storm, lymphopenia that led to increase mortality, vaccine is the only hope for controlling on this pandemic. However, this study design to evaluate effectiveness of Pfizer vaccine on serum level for IL-12/IFN-γ pathway with susceptibility to COVID-19. The current study included 160 participants whom separated into two groups for further analysis which included Covid-19 patients as unvaccinated and vaccinated attended from various hospitals in AL-Najaf provenance and some private clinics and healthy control groups as vaccinated and unvaccinated healthy subjects, blood samples were collected from all subjects during January - April 2022 to detect IL-12 and IFN-γ concentration by ELISA technique. Demographic study indicated the male patients was higher than female and the age distribution for unvaccinated and vaccinated were 41-50 years had the highest frequency which were 17(42.5%) and (35%) respectively. The present study observed that the concentration of INF-γ (pg/ml) were show serum level decrease with Covid-19 infection, so IFN-γ in unvaccinated lower than healthy group and higher than vaccinated patients, while IL-12(pg/ml) serum level increase with Covid-19 infection, so IL-12 in unvaccinated higher than healthy group and vaccinated patients
Invertibility of Laurent operators and shift invariant spaces with finitely many generators

In this paper, it is shown that for a fixed is a stable set of sampling for if and only if there exists such that a.e. on , where is a symbol matrix of a block Laurent operator associated with the sample set of . A similar result is proved when where and is a stable set of sampling for (single generator) as well as (multi generators ). A perturbation of stable set of sampling is also discussed.
Selective Inhibition of Pulmonary Vein Excitability by Constitutively Active GIRK Channels Blockade in Rats

Pulmonary veins (PV) are the main source of ectopy, triggering atrial fibrillation. This study investigated the roles of G protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK) channels in the PV and the left atrium (LA) of the rat. Simultaneous intracellular microelectrode recording from the LA and the PV of the rat found that in the presence or absence of acetylcholine, the GIRK channel blocker tertiapin-Q induced AP duration elongation in the LA and the loss of over-shooting AP in the PV, suggesting the presence of constitutively active GIRK channels in these tissues. Patch-clamp recordings from isolated myocytes showed that tertiapin-Q inhibited a basal inwardly rectified background current in PV cells with little effect in LA cells. Experiments with ROMK1 and KCa1.1 channel blockers ruled out the possibility of an off-target effect. Western blot showed that GIRK4 subunit expression was greater in PV cardiomyocytes, which may explain the differences observed between PV and LA in response to tertiapin-Q. In conclusion, GIRK channels blockade abolishes AP only in the PV, providing a molecular target to induce electrical disconnection of the PV from the LA.
Association between ultra-processed food consumption and risk of breast cancer: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of observational studies

Background Some epidemiological studies have examined the association between consumption of ultra-processed food (UPF) and the risk of breast cancer. However, the results were inconsistent. Therefore, we carried out a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis to examine whether an association exists between high consumption of UPF and breast cancer risk. Methods PubMed/MEDLINE, ISI Web of Science, EBSCO and CNKI databases were systematically searched from inception to May 2023. The summary relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) associated with UPF consumption and breast cancer were calculated using a random-effects model (DerSimonian-Laird method). Heterogeneity between included studies was examined using the Cochran’s Q test and I-square (I2) statistics. Publication bias was studied by visual inspection of funnel plot asymmetry and Begg’s and Egger’s tests. Results Overall, six articles involving 462,292 participants, were eligible to be included in this study. Compared to the lowest consumption, highest consumption of UPF was related to a higher risk of breast cancer (RR = 1.10; 95%CI: 1.00–1.22, p = 0.056). Besides, the linear dose–response analysis showed that each 10% increment in UPF consumption was related to a 5% higher risk of breast cancer (RR = 1.05; 95%CI: 1.00–1.10, p = 0.048). Subgroup analyses suggested that UPF consumption was positively associated with breast cancer risk in case-control studies (RR = 1.13; 95%CI: 1.01–1.26, p = 0.028). Additionally, there was also a significant positive association between UPF consumption and breast cancer risk in the subgroup with sample size<5,000(RR = 1.17; 95%CI: 1.02–1.35, p = 0.028). Conclusion Our results indicate that higher consumption of UPF is slightly related to a higher risk of breast cancer. Further studies in particular of large prospective cohort studies are warranted to confirm these results.
Dimethylaminododecyl Methacrylate-Incorporated Dental Materials Could Be the First Line of Defense against Helicobacter pylori

Oral cavity is an essential reservoir for H. pylori. We aimed to investigate the antibacterial effects of dimethylaminododecyl methacrylate (DMADDM) against H. pylori. Modified giomers were prepared by introducing 0%, 1.25% and 2.5% DMADDM monomers. Broth microdilution assay, spot assay, Alamer Blue assay, PMA–qPCR, crystal violet staining, scanning electron microscopy observation and live/dead bacterial staining were performed to evaluate the antibacterial and antibiofilm effects of DMADDM and modified giomers in vitro. Urease assay, qPCR, hematoxylin–eosin staining and ELISA were performed to evaluate the inflammation levels and colonization of H. pylori in vivo. In vitro experiments indicated that the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of DMADDM were 6.25 μg/mL and 25 μg/mL, respectively. It inhibited H. pylori in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and significantly reduced the expression of cagA, vacA, flaA and ureB. DMADDM-modified giomers inhibited the formation of H. pylori biofilm and reduced live cells within it. In vivo experiments confirmed that the pretreatment with DMADDM-modified dental resin effectively reduced the gastric colonization of oral–derived H. pylori, suppressed systemic and local gastric inflammation. DMADDM monomers and DMADDM-modified giomers possessed excellent antibacterial and antibiofilm effects on H. pylori. Pretreatment with DMADDM-modified giomers significantly inhibited the gastric infection by H. pylori.
Hydrophysical factors affecting the distribution of chlorophyll "a" in a small lake

In recent years due to climate warming algal blooms have been observed in some boreal lakes during summer and autumn months, which reduces the quality of water. We studied the distribution of chlorophyll "a" in Lake Kroshnozero (North-western Russia) in 2021 and 2022. This lake has been used for fisheries for more than 50 years, and currently there is a trout farm there. We studied the influence of temperature, turbidity and transparency of water on the distribution of chlorophyll "a". Low water transparency limits photosynthesis to the upper 1.5-2.5 m layer. The stratification limits the transfer of algae cells along the water column, therefore, deeper than 2-3 m, the concentration of chlorophyll "a" decreases sharply. Water exchange causes the transfer of suspended solids from the southeastern basin, where the trout farm is located, to the northwestern one, where the maximum concentrations of chlorophyll "a" are observed. Additional stimulation of photosynthesis in the shallow and rapidly warming northwestern basin can occur due to the supply of nutrients from the catchment area. Features of the lake bathymetry contribute to the formation of bottom oxygen deficiency in the southeastern basin near the trout farm.
La Diffusion Brillouin dans les fibres optiques microstructurées

La diffusion Brillouin stimulee (DBS), resultant d'une interaction acousto-optique, est connue pour limiter la puissance transmise dans une fibre optique, mais sa grande sensibilite aux conditions exterieures la rend tres interessante dans le domaine des capteurs distribues. La nouvelle generation de fibres optiques microstructurees, apparue a la fin des annees 90, presente un potentiel interessant pour les interactions acousto-optiques car la succession periodique de micro canaux d'air emprisonnes dans la silice permet de confiner simultanement les modes optiques et acoustiques. A travers differentes experiences, ce travail de doctorat presente une etude detaillee de l'influence de la microstructure air-silice sur la dynamique de l'effet Brillouin tant dans la dimension transverse que longitudinale de la fibre photonique. Nous avons ainsi mis en evidence l'excitation de modes acoustiques transverses localises dans le coeur de la fibre et pieges par la microstructure, a des frequences hypersonores depassant parfois le GHz, en bon accord avec le calcul numerique par element finis des modes acoustiques de la fibre. De plus, les mesures du spectre de retrodiffusion Brillouin stimulee ont egalement revele le caractere acoustique multimode ainsi que l'augmentation significative du seuil Brillouin dans la plupart des fibres etudiees. Ces resultats ont ete confirmes par des mesures distribuees du spectre Brillouin, qui ont montre la grande sensibilite aux contraintes mecaniques des frequences Brillouin. En annexe a cette these, nous avons etudie la generation de supercontinuum, la diffusion Raman et le melange a quatre ondes dans de courtes longueurs de fibres microstructurees.
Modulation Instability Control via Optical Seeding and Machine Learning Optimization

Spectral broadening due to Modulation Instability (MI) during nonlinear propagation in fiber optics, can arise from noise amplification and involve incoherent and complex coupled processes, making their experimental control challenging. Over the years, MI control within both noise-driven and seeded regimes demonstrated different degrees of success [1–3]. In this experimental study, we propose a new approach of MI control by all-optical seeding, whose parameters are suitably adjusted via machine learning optimization techniques. In particular, we use Genetic Algorithms (GA) to tune the wavelength and phase parameters of two weak (yet coherent) optical seeds competing with spontaneous (noise-driven) MI dynamics. This all-optical control of noise-driven nonlinear dynamics is used to optimize the correlation between two specific wavelengths in the incoherent output spectrum. Experimentally, an 80 fs laser pulse, centered at 1560 nm, is filtered using a programmable spectral filter to reshape the broadband pulse into a picosecond pump and conjointly generate two seeds with controllable parameters (i.e., wavelength λ and phase ϕ) - see Fig. 1(a). The three input signals are then amplified before entering a highly nonlinear fiber (HNLF), and the fluctuating output spectra detected in real-time using the dispersive Fourier transform (DFT) technique [4]. The corresponding spectral correlation maps can be extracted, as seen in Fig. 1 (c-d), and the correlation between two selected wavelengths $\rho(\lambda_{\mathrm{a}},\ \lambda_{\mathrm{b}})$ can be optimized by iteratively adjusting the wavelength and phase of the input seeds, as shown in Fig. 1(b).
An Iterative Direct Position Determination Approach Based on Doppler Frequency Shifts

Passive position determination of the radiating source is widely applied in wireless sensor networks (WSN). Compared with traditional two-step methods, the direct position determination (DPD) methods estimate the position in a single step and exhibit conspicuous performance superiority at a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Unfortunately, the computational load for the exhaustive maximum likelihood (ML) DPD search is unacceptable for real-time processing. Although the conventional gradient-based iterative DPD method has lower computational complexity, it easily converges to the local maxima. In this article, for a stationary source, we aim to tackle the problem of DPD using Doppler frequency shifts in a computationally attractive way. The waveform of the transmitted signal is a priori knowledge, and the transmitted frequency offset exists as the nuisance parameter. Based on the expectation maximization (EM) concept, we propose an approximately globally-optimal iterative ML DPD algorithm. The proposed method regards the source-receiver vector as the unobserved latent variable, and then by exploiting the Laplace approximation technique and polar coordinate system, the original multi-dimensional grid search is transformed into multiple one-dimensional estimations for polar angle. To guarantee global optimality for the estimation of transmitted frequency offsets, a method different from its counterpart in the iterative cycle is utilized when the local maxima are achieved. Moreover, by correctly simplifying the estimation cost function in the expectation step, both the search of the polar angle and the design of the iteration parameter is avoided, which contributes to prominent computational savings. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed modified EM-based DPD estimator (MEM-DPD) has high probability of converging to the global maximum. Meanwhile, the estimation performance is very close to the Cramér-Rao lower bound (CRLB) with minor iterations.
Auto Detector for Huanglongbing Citrus Greening Disease using YOLOV7

The disease known as Huanglongbing (HLB), which is frequently seen in citrus plants, is a significant factor in the decreased yield. Because the symptoms have only recently become apparent and can only be identified by someone with subjective knowledge, this disease still poses a threat among citrus diseases. By employing photos of citrus leaves and fruits, YOLOV7-based citrus greening disease diagnosis gets around this problem. Utilizing images of healthy citrus fruits and leaves, typical HLB symptoms, and irrelevant HLB symptoms, three sample datasets are created. When evaluated against these three sets, YOLO V7 did well, earning an overall F1 score of 92%. Then sample set 2 is tested once more under various circumstances using various backgrounds for the images, and it is discovered that the background had little impact on the YOLO V7 prediction.
A 2×2 multiband MIMO antenna in the shape of a Pentagonal Hut for X-band and K-band applications

Today’s wireless applications favour antenna designs that are small, reliable, and simple to combine with RF circuit components. One kind of antenna that meets the aforementioned criteria is the microstrip patch antenna. Patch antennas radiating EM waves have low gain and bandwidth, the two fundamental characteristics of an antenna. An antenna patch often has a gain spectrum of 1-4 dBi. Employing a thicker, lower-dielectric-value substrate is the simplest method of raising these parameters, although this necessarily results in surface wave generation. For use with UWB, pentagon-shaped patch antennas with circular slots on the radiating patch EM energy are suggested in this research. The analysis is done on three separate designed structures with line feed for multiband applications. For use in X-Band and K-Band applications, a Dual or band-notched, two-port, microstrip-fed MIMO antenna with a pentagon shape is developed. The bandwidth of the band-notched characteristic is 9.4 to 11.12 GHz, with its centre frequency at 10.36 GHz and 19.8 to 21.09 GHz with its centre frequency is 20.43 GHz. The suggested antenna allows for X-band and K-band operation between 2.0 and 25 GHz. It is constructed using an inexpensive Rogers RT Duroid substrate that is 0.254 mm thick for Microwave access. In order to boost gain and bandwidth while minimizing mutual coupling between adjoining elements, a circular slot design is utilized. When operated on the correct frequency, the recommended 2×2 MIMO antenna demonstrated excellent return loss properties, reduced mutual coupling, and a minimal envelope correlation coefficient.
Mitochondrial Factors in the Cell Nucleus

The origin of eukaryotic organisms involved the integration of mitochondria into the ancestor cell, with a massive gene transfer from the original proteobacterium to the host nucleus. Thus, mitochondrial performance relies on a mosaic of nuclear gene products from a variety of genomes. The concerted regulation of their synthesis is necessary for metabolic housekeeping and stress response. This governance involves crosstalk between mitochondrial, cytoplasmic, and nuclear factors. While anterograde and retrograde regulation preserve mitochondrial homeostasis, the mitochondria can modulate a wide set of nuclear genes in response to an extensive variety of conditions, whose response mechanisms often merge. In this review, we summarise how mitochondrial metabolites and proteins—encoded either in the nucleus or in the organelle—target the cell nucleus and exert different actions modulating gene expression and the chromatin state, or even causing DNA fragmentation in response to common stress conditions, such as hypoxia, oxidative stress, unfolded protein stress, and DNA damage.
Assessing the relationships between vertical structure, biodiversity, and succession in a forest ecosystem using lidar remote sensing

Title of Document: ASSESSING THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN VERTICAL STRUCTURE, BIODIVERSITY, AND SUCCESSION IN A FOREST ECOSYSTEM USING LIDAR REMOTE SENSING Amanda Sharon Whitehurst, Doctorate of Philosophy, 2014 Directed By: Dr. Ralph Dubayah, Geographical Sciences This thesis used lidar remote sensing to explore the role of vertical structure in forest ecosystem dynamics. In particular, relationship between the vertical distribution, biodiversity, and succession was examined in Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, NH (HBEF). The first objective was to develop metrics characterizing vertical foliage distribution or canopy layering. Two novel metrics (canopy layer structure categories and number of foliage profile layers) were created, allowing canopy layering to be mapped HBEF. The canopy layer structure metric categorizes areas by comparing the amount of vegetation in under, mid, and overstories. The number of foliage profile layers is related to peaks in the foliage area profile, representing area of dense of “clumped” foliage. Both these metrics varied with canopy height and elevation, areas with taller trees and lower elevations tended to have more foliage profile layers and were classified as categories with a dominant overstory. The second objective was to examine the relationship between vertical canopy structure and avian species diversity. Multiple vertical structure metrics were derived for 370 bird plots in HBEF. Foliage height diversity (FHD) varied greatly in relation to bird species diversity. Of the foliage distribution metrics, vegetation ratio and number of foliage profile layers explained the most variability in bird species diversity. The lidar metric of height at median return (HOME) had the strongest correlation with bird species diversity (r = 0.56). This study showed a moderate correlation between bird species diversity and foliage distribution metrics. It further supports previous studies which question the applicability of FHD. Finally, change in vertical structure in HBEF was examined using lidar data from 1999 and 2009. Due to significant change in canopy height, canopy cover, vegetation ratio and understory cover during the time period, it was determined that HBEF had not reached steady-state. Recently disturbed areas had significantly higher canopy height growth than undisturbed areas, despite being at higher elevations. This research presents standardized metrics for the characterization and mapping of canopy foliage distribution. It also provides ecological links between lidar metrics and ecological concepts to enabling these measurements of forest structure to be applied in other areas. ASSESSING THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN VERTICAL STRUCTURE, BIODIVERSITY, AND SUCCESSION IN A FOREST ECOSYSTEM USING LIDAR REMOTE SENSING
Chestnut Shell Polyphenols Inhibit the Growth of Three Food-Spoilage Bacteria by Regulating Key Enzymes of Metabolism

The microbial contamination of food poses a threat to human health. Chestnut shells, which are byproducts of chestnut processing, contain polyphenols that exert various physiological effects, and thus have the potential to be used in food preservation. This study investigates the bacteriostatic effect and mechanism(s) of the action of chestnut shell polyphenols (CSPs) on three food-spoilage bacteria, namely Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas fragi, and Escherichia coli. To this end, the effect of CSPs on the ultrastructure of each bacterium was determined using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Moreover, gene expression was analyzed using RT-qPCR. Subsequent molecular docking analysis was employed to elucidate the mechanism of action employed by CSPs via the inhibition of key enzymes. Ultrastructure analysis showed that CSPs damaged the bacterial cell wall and increased permeability. At 0.313 mg/mL, CSPs significantly increased the activity of alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase, as well as protein leakage (p < 0.05), whereas the activity of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle enzymes, isocitrate dehydrogenase and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, were inhibited (p < 0.05). The expression levels of the TCA-related genes gltA, icd, sucA, atpA, citA, odhA, IS178_RS16090, and IS178_RS16290 are also significantly downregulated by CSP treatment (p < 0.05). Moreover, CSPs inhibit respiration and energy metabolism, including ATPase activity and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis (p < 0.05). Molecular docking determined that proanthocyanidins B1 and C1, the main components of CSPs, are responsible for the antibacterial activity. Therefore, as natural antibacterial substances, CSPs have considerable potential for development and application as natural food preservatives.
Reliability of Cone Beam Computed Tomography in Predicting Implant Treatment Outcomes in Edentulous Patients

Since the development of CBCT has been utilized in dentistry, the images of the CBCT can assist the surgeon to evaluate the anatomy carefully. Despite the value of radiology evaluation, implant procedures may require additional consideration rather than only evaluating the anatomical factors. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the predictability of using CBCT alone to plan for implant placement in edentulous patients digitally. CBCT images were analyzed by clinicians, measuring the maxillary and mandibular ridge heights and widths digitally of four predetermined implant sites in the maxillary and two selected implant sites in the mandibular arches of 91 patients planning for implant-supported overdenture. A total of 47 patients out of the 91 had completed implant placement on the edentulous ridge, contributing to 55 upper and/or lower arches (136 dental implants). Both predictabilities are low, implying that CBCT planning for implant placement on the edentulous ridge is not a good index and is insufficient to predict the surgical procedures as a solo method. The findings of this study indicate that digital planning by CBCT is insufficient to serve as an individual tool to predict implant procedures. Further information and evaluation must be considered for implant placement in the edentulous ridge.