Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Glyphosate on Metabolism of Phenolic Compounds: VI. Effects of Glyphosine and Glyphosate Metabolites on Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase Activity, Growth, and Protein, Chlorophyll, and Anthocyanin Levels in Soybean (Glycine max) Seedlings

The growth regulator, glyphosine [N,N-bis(phosphonomethyl)glycine], and other possible metabolites of glyphosine and glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] [glycine, sarcosine, and aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA)] were tested individually (0.5 mM) or as a mixture (each at 0.5 mM) for their effects on growth, extractable phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity, hydroxyphenolic-compound production, chlorophyll and anthocyanin contents, and on soluble-protein levels in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. ‘Hill’] seedlings. Most chemical treatments caused some inhibition of growth either on fresh weight accumulation or on root elongation in the light and dark over 72 h. Glyphosine was generally the most inhibitory and caused the greatest inhibition on axis dry-weight accumulation. Glyphosine significantly increased extractable PAL activity in axes of light- and dark-grown soybeans to a lesser extent than did glyphosate. AMPA had some inhibitory effects on extractable PAL activity whereas other compounds had little influence on the enzyme. These compounds had little effect on total soluble protein in axes or on soluble protein in PAL preparations from 12 to 72 h in light-or dark-grown seedlings. No in vitro effect of the chemicals on PAL activity was found at concentrations up to 0.5 mM. Hydroxyphenolic compound levels increased within 24 to 72 h (per gram fresh weight basis) in light- or dark-grown soybean axes treated with glyphosine, AMPA, or a metabolite mixture (AMPA, sarcosine, and glycine). Anthocyanin content was decreased by glyphosate and to a lesser extent by glyphosine, but was increased by AMPA and the mixture. Glyphosate significantly increased the chlorophyll a/b ratio and decreased total chlorophyll, but glyphosine decreased the chlorophyll content to a lesser degree.
Risk factors in Psychiatric comorbidity of Epilepsy: Prospective study two years after Epilepsy onset

Methods: We performed a prospective study of 95 consecutive patients diagnosed with SE and treated in a neuro-intensive care unit over a period of 3 years. Demographics and clinical data concerning established epilepsy and SE were collected and their relationship to the rate of seizure recurrence was analyzed. SE functional outcome assessment was based on the results from the Glasgow Outcome Scale.
Dynamics of streamer propagation in air

Results concerning the dynamics of streamer propagation in air under a uniform electric field are presented and discussed. Experiments were performed in a plane-parallel electrode arrangement with positive streamers initiated at a sharp point in the earthed anode. The basic properties of streamers are described in terms of the electric field required for a stable propagation and the associated propagation velocity. Critical parameters are the ambient electric field, the voltage used for streamer initiation and the distance of traverse. The present experiments permit the separation between the effects of the above parameters upon streamer advancement and propagation over the whole path up to the cathode. It is shown that an intrinsic propagation field with an associated velocity can be defined, which determine the propagation of streamers of a limiting, minimum energy. The propagation velocity is a power function of the electric field and, with the aid of an empirical equation, values can be expressed accurately in terms of these intrinsic streamer properties.
Optimising a two-echelon capacity-constrained material requirement manufacturing system using a linear programming model

Se implementa un modelo de programacion lineal entera mixta que representa un sistema de manufactura de dos escalones, con la intencion de determinar decisiones optimas de aprovisionamiento de materias primas o componentes. El modelo se pro- grama usando software de modelacion algebraica y se integra a una herramienta computacional desde la cual se administra el ingreso de los parametros y la obtencion de resultados. El modelo es validado en un ambiente real de manufactura, observando que ademas de representar fielmente el sistema se obtienen decisiones de aprovisionamiento que minimizan el costo total, ob- jetivo del modelo, y a las cuales no se llegaria usando el esquema de calculo propuesto por el MRP.
Algorithms and Criteria for Volumetric Centroidal Voronoi Tessellations. (Algorithmes et Critères pour les Tessellations Volumétriques de Voronoi Centroïdales)

This thesis addresses the problem of volumetric tessellations from three-dimensional shapes, i.e., given a three-dimensional shape that is usually represented by its boundary surface, how to optimally subdivide the interior of the surface into smaller shapes, called cells, according to several criteria concerning accuracy, uniformity and regularity. We consider centroidal Voronoi tessellation that is an effective approach for building uniform and regular volumetric tessellations.A centroidal Voronoi tessellation (CVT) of a shape can be viewed as an optimal subdivision with the cells whose centers of mass, called centroids, are optimally distributed inside the shape. CVTs have been widely used in computer vision and graphics because of their properties of uniformity and regularity that are immune to shape variations. However, the problems such as how to evaluate the regularity of a CVT and how to build a CVT from different types of shapes remain a challenge.One contribution of this thesis is that we propose regularity criteria based on the normalized second order moments of the cells. These regularity criteria allow evaluating volumetric tessellations and specially comparing the regularity of different CVTs without the assumption that their shape and number of sites should be the same. Meanwhile, we propose a hierarchical approach based on a subdivision scheme that preserves cell regularity and the local optimality of CVTs. Experimental results show that our approach performs more efficiently and builds more regular CVTs according to the regularity criteria than state-of-the-art methods.Another contribution is a novel CVT algorithm for implicit shapes and an extensive comparison of Marching Cubes, Delaunay refinement and our algorithm. The key of our algorithm is using convex hulls and the local improvement to build accurate boundary cells. We present a comparison of these three algorithms with different criteria including accuracy, regularity and complexity on a large number of variant data. The results show that Marching Cubes is the fastest one and our algorithm build more accurate and regular volumetric tessellations than the others.We also explore the applications such as a shape animation framework based on CVTs that generates plausible animations with real dynamics. And the source code of the whole work of this thesis is available online for the purpose of further research.
Physical inactivity in the leisure-time in young people from Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of physical inactivity during leisure-time among adolescents and young adults. Methods: A cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted among 1,400 young people aged 15–29 years living in the urban area of Feira de Santana, Northeast, Brazil. Physical activities and entertainment were assessed using a structured questionnaire, which addressed the frequency, type, reason, and effort involved. Results: Among interviewed individuals 63.3% (n=795) were considered physically inactive concerning leisure activities. Prevalence was higher among women (p<0.001) and among those 10 to 24 years old (p<0.001). Conclusions: The young population of Feira de Santana city, Brazil, presented an elevated rate of physical inactivity during leisure. Public policies directed to health promotion among adolescents and young adults should include specific programs to encourage women and 18–24years old individuals to engage in physical activities.
Generalized Drude model: unification of ballistic and diffusive electron transport

For electron transport in parallel-plane semiconducting structures, a model is developed that unifies ballistic and diffusive transport and thus generalizes the Drude model. The unified model is valid for arbitrary magnitude of the mean free path and arbitrary shape of the conduction band edge profile. Universal formulas are obtained for the current-voltage characteristic in the nondegenerate case and for the zero-bias conductance in the degenerate case, which describe in a transparent manner the interplay of ballistic and diffusive transport. The semiclassical approach is adopted, but quantum corrections allowing for tunnelling are included. Examples are considered, in particular the case of chains of grains in polycrystalline or microcrystalline semiconductors with grain size comparable to, or smaller than, the mean free path. Substantial deviations of the results of the unified model from those of the ballistic thermionic-emission model and of the drift-diffusion model are found. The formulation of the model is one-dimensional, but it is argued that its results should not differ substantially from those of a fully three-dimensional treatment.
DIFFUSION TENSOR IMAGING OF THE SPINAL CORD: A REVIEW IMAGEM DA MEDULA ESPINAL POR TENSOR DE DIFUSÃO IMAGEN DE DIFUSIÓN TENSORA DE LA MÉDULA ESPINAL: UNA REVISIÓN

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a magnetic resonance technique capable of measuring the magnitude and direction of water molecule diffusion in various tissues. The use of DTI is being expanded to evaluate a variety of spinal cord disorders both for prognostication and to guide therapy. The purpose of this article is to review the literature on spinal cord DTI in both animal models and humans in different neurosurgical conditions. DTI of the spinal cord shows promise in traumatic spinal cord injury, cervical spondylotic myelopathy, and intramedullary tumors. However, scanning protocols and image processing need to be refined and standardized.
ENHANCING THE ACCURACY 0F SVM CLASSIFIERS WITH KERNEL AND PARAMETER TRAINING

Data mining methods based on support vector machine are attractive to address the curse of dimensionality. The Kernel mapping contributes a unifying frame work for most of the commonly employed models to get the linear planes in the higher dimensional space. In this paper, we prove this approach enhances the accuracy of diabetes data set. We further refine the results with parameter tuning for the selected kernels. The natural question that arises in case of many such different mappings to choose from, which is the best for a particular problem? The selection can be validated using independent test sets or variety of data sets and methods of cross validations.
Sugarcane cutting work, risks, and health effects: a literature review

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE Describe the main work risks for sugarcane cutters and their effects on workers’ health. METHODS Critical review of articles, with bibliographic research carried out in the PubMed, SciELO Medline, and Lilacs databases. The following keywords were used: sugarcane workers, sugarcane cutters, sugarcane harvesting, cortadores de cana-de-açú car , and colheita de cana -de-açúcar . The inclusion criteria were articles published between January 1997 and June 2017, which evaluated working conditions and health effects on sugarcane cutters. Those that did not deal with the work impact of cutting burned and unburnt sugarcane in the cutter’s health were excluded. The final group of manuscripts was selected by the lead author of this study and reviewed by a co-author. Disagreements were resolved by consensus using the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria and, where necessary, the final decision was made by consulting a third co-author. RESULTS From the 89 articles found, 52 met the selection criteria and were evaluated. Studies have shown that cutters work under conditions of physical and mental overload, thermal overload, exposure to pollutants, and are subject to accidents. The main effects observed were respiratory, cardiovascular, renal, musculoskeletal, heat stress, dehydration, genotoxic, and those due to accidents. CONCLUSIONS Work on the manual cutting of sugarcane, especially of burned sugarcane, exposes workers to various risks, with different health impacts. Risk reduction for exposure to pollution and thermal and physical overload is required as a measure to preserve the health of the worker.
A New Look at Factors Influencing Total Quality Management Failure: Work Process Control or Workforce Control?

By drawing on multi-case data, there is some evidence to suggest that total quality management (TQM) effectiveness can be viewed as a direct function of the controlling mechanisms that senior managers created prior to TQM implementation. More importantly, control tools of TQM were not used by non-managerial employees, with which they could reduce variability or achieve uniformity; rather, they were regarded as a weapon used by their managers against them.
Study of Load Optimization and Performance Issues in Cloud

“Nowadays, cloud computing is the latest computing platform which is feasible to the user for computation and unlimited storage and data transmission with minimal cost and time in a cloud environment during the internet. The load balancing is important criteria of cloud environment that avoid same nodes overloaded and others are idle. Ultimately load balancing can enhance the QoS parameters including make span, cost and resource utilization. To optimize the load, the existing load optimization approach is properly utilized federation mechanisms, which offers physical resources based on demand to maintain the cloud application efficiency. However, the technique failed to optimize load where part of the servers suffering from heavy load after an execution of the application. In the current scenario, several systems are facing same kinds of problem which is the biggest cause to increase the virtual machine (VM) cost. Current systems still have a time delay, request-response process error from data center side in cloud environments. To overcome these issues, the research study studies all related technique for cloud performance optimization and load balancing issues. The main framework objective is to offer an effective solution to store/search/transmit/ data with minimal cost and time without compromising the QoS constraints. The study represents different policies and cloud-specific strategies to enhance the performance of cloud application with minimal cost and time. The research study is also planning to find out an effective solution for traffic, data congestion and media streaming issues in a cloud environment.
[Risk Factors for the Development of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Colombia 2008 A 2011].

OBJECTIVE Determining the risk factors associated with developing multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in people aged over 18 years affiliated to 3 Colombian health insurance companies between 2008 and 2011. METHODS The study involved a matched case-control design (1 case to 4 controls). Patients were identified from 3 health insurance companies' tuberculosis program database; this gave 45 cases and 180 controls. Demographic, socioeconomic and clinical variables were evaluated. RESULTS The median age for cases was 43 years (39.5 years for controls); males predominated in cases (73.3 %) while women predominated in controls (51.1 %). A statistically significant association was found between multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and being male (4.47 adjusted OR; 1.01-19.75 95 %CI), having subsidized social security cover (57.6 adjusted OR; 4.6-71.28 95 %CI) and having had prior treatment for tuberculosis (56.2 adjusted OR; 10.03-314.79 95 % CI]. CONCLUSIONS Prior treatment for tuberculosis and being male were risk factors for developing multidrug resistance. Further studies are needed with the Colombian health system to clarify the findings with respect to being affiliated to a subsidized health system and the development of multidrug resistant tuberculosis.
Razvoj modela za poboljšanje uspješnosti upravljanja projektom analizirajući rizike, promjene i ograničenja

U radu se prikazuju rezultati istraživanja uspjeha projekta i uspjeha upravljanja projektom. Objašnjen je aktualni kontekst upravljanja građevinskim projektima u RH, s glavnim izazovima i utjecajima na uspjeh upravljanja projektima u praksi. Dana je detaljna komparativna analiza svjetskih istraživanja uspjeha projekta i uspjeha upravljanja projektima. Kroz povezivanje tri organizacijske uloge, strateška projektna operativna, razvijen je model za potporu povećanja uspješnosti upravljanja projektom.
MASTERS OF ENDOSCOPY

We review our approach to resection of colorectal polyps <20 mm in size. Careful inspection of all lesions is appropriate to assess the type of lesion (adenoma vs serrated) and evaluate the risk of cancer, which is highly associated with lesion size. Polyp resection is in the midst of a “cold revolution,” particularly for lesions <10 mm in size but also for some larger lesions. Cold forceps are sometimes appropriate for 1to 2-mm lesions that can be engulfed in 1 bite, but we use cold snaring for almost the entire set of lesions <10 mm. For 10to 19-mm conventional adenomas, we rely primarily on hot snare resection. EMR, preferably en bloc, is appropriate for bulky nongranular conventional adenomas and nongranular adenomas with depression in this size range. For sessile serrated polyps 10 to 19 mm in size our approaches differ to some extent, with one of us using primarily “cold EMR” and the other using primarily hot EMR techniques. Colorectal polyps and flat lesions <20 mm in size constitute 95% of all colorectal neoplasms and therefore comprise the overwhelming majority of resections performed by colonoscopists. For high-level detectors, about 80% of lesions are 5 mm in size, and 90% are <10 mm in size. The risk of cancer in lesions 5 mm in size is negligible, is far below 1% in lesions for 6 to 9 mm in size, and is about 1% to 2% in lesions 10 to 19 mm in size. Essentially, all benign colorectal lesions <20 mm, with the exception of certain lesions extending into the appendix or terminal ileum, are endoscopically resectable, with lower risks and costs than surgical resection. Referral of benign lesions <20 mm in size for
AUTOMATIC CLASSIFICATION OF AGRICULTURAL GRAINS: COMPARISON OF NEURAL NETWORKS

In this study, applications of well-known neural networks such as artificial neural network (ANN), adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) and support vector machine (SVM) for wheat grain classification into three species are comparatively presented. The species of wheat grains which are Kama (]70), Rosa (]70) and Canadian (]70) are designated as outputs of neural network models. The classification is carried out through data of wheat grains (]210) acquired using X-ray technique. The data set includes seven grain’s geometric parameters: Area, perimeter, compactness, length, width, asymmetry coefficient and groove length. The neural networks input with the geometric parameters are trained through 189 wheat grain data and their accuracies are tested via 21 data. The performance of neural network models is compared to each other with regard to their accuracy, efficiency and convenience. For testing data, the ANN, ANFIS and SVM models numerically calculate the outputs with mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.014, 0.018 and 0.135, and classify the grains with accuracy of 100 %, 100 % and 95.23 %, respectively. Furthermore, data of 210 grains is synthetically increased to 3210 in order to investigate the proposed models under big data. It is seen that the models are more successful if the size of data is increased, as well. These results point out that the neural networks can be successfully applied to classification of agricultural grains whether they are properly modelled and trained.
Preliminary studies on hydrated cement for its reuse in geopolymers

The carbonation of hydrated ordinary Portland cement (OPC) allows the transformation of hydrated calcium aluminates and silicates into calcium carbonate and amorphous silica/ alumina. These carbonated materials are appropriate to being used as inorganic precursors for alkaline activation. The use of sodium silicate and hydroxide solutions enables the production of cementitious gels. Two ways of carbonation of hydrated cement were studied: in a dry environment, where relative humidity did not exceed 70% and in an aqueous medium at a temperature of 5 ± 1 ° C. Both materials were micro-structurally characterised and they have been used for the manufacturing of geopolymeric mortars. These mortars reached mechanical strength between 10 and 20 MPa, depending on the activating solution, the water/binder ratio and curing time/temperature. These results show the feasibility of reusing hydrated cement contained in construction and demolition wastes.
Artificial Neural Networks Optimization Method for Radioactive Source Localization

An optimization artificial neural networks model is developed for solving the ill-posed inverse transport problem associated with localizing radioactive sources in a medium with known properties and dimensions. The model is based on the recurrent (or feedback) Hopfield network with fixed weights. The source distribution is determined based on the response of a limited number of external detectors of known spatial deployment in conjunction with a radiation transport model. The algorithm is tested and evaluated for a large number of simulated two-dimensional cases. Computations are carried out at different noise levels to account for statistical errors encountered in engineering applications. The sensitivity to noise is found to depend on the number of detectors and on their spatial deployment. A pretest empirical procedure is, therefore, suggested for determining an effective arrangement of detectors for a given problem.
Statistical nature of non-Gaussianity from cubic order primordial perturbations: CMB map simulations and genus statistic

We simulate CMB maps including non-Gaussianity arising from cubic order perturbations of the primordial gravitational potential, characterized by the non-linearity parameter gNL. The maps are used to study the characteristic nature of the resulting non-Gaussian temperature fluctuations. We measure the genus and investigate how it deviates from Gaussian shape as a function of gNL and smoothing scale. We find that the deviation of the non-Gaussian genus curve from the Gaussian one has an antisymmetric, sine function like shape, implying more hot and more cold spots for gNL > 0 and less of both for gNL < 0. The deviation increases linearly with gNL and also exhibits mild increase as the smoothing scale increases. We further study other statistics derived from the genus, namely, the number of hot spots, the number of cold spots, combined number of hot and cold spots and the slope of the genus curve at mean temperature fluctuation. We find that these observables carry signatures of gNL that are clearly distinct from the quadratic order perturbations, encoded in the parameter fNL. Hence they can be very useful tools for distinguishing not only between non-Gaussian temperature fluctuations and Gaussian ones but also between gNL and fNL type non-Gaussianities.
Optical Constants of Cubic GaN, AlN, and AlGaN Alloys

We have used spectroscopic ellipsometry to investigate, for the first time, the optical constants of cubic GaN, AlN, and AlGaN alloy epitaxial layers grown by molecular beam epitaxy. The refractive indices of cubic AlGaN were found to decrease with increasing Al content, as expected from the empirical observation that the refractive index decreases with increasing direct bandgap energy. In the transparent wavelength region, the refractive indices of cubic AlGaN with lower Al contents are somewhat larger than those of hexagonal modifications, while with higher Al contents, the refractive indices of cubic AlGaN and hexagonal AlGaN are almost equal. We also found that the direct bandgap energies of cubic AlGaN show a parabolic dependence on the Al content.