Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Proton Irradiation on the Ferroelectric to Paraelectric Transition of Ba0.65Sr0.35TiO3/P(VDF-TrFE) 0–3 Composites

(Ba 0.65 Sr 0.35 TiO 3 )/P(VDF-TrFE)70/30 composites were irradiated with different dosages of 3 MeV protons. The XRD (X-ray diffraction) patterns exhibit a gradual increase in inter-chain spacing and decrease of ferroelectric domain size with the increase in proton dosage. At higher proton dosages, a significant decrease in TSDC (thermally stimulated depolarization current) peak corresponds to ferroelectric to paraelectric (F-P) transition was observed and at a high dosage of 100 Mrad, the peak value is so low that only a straight line was observed. The DSC (differential scanning calorimetry) thermograms of irradiated composites show decreased peak temperatures and enthalpy with the increase of proton dosage. Due to proton irradiation, dielectric peaks have broadened and moved towards lower temperature with increasing frequency.
Study of complexation of single-stranded poly(rA) and poly(rU) with methylene blue

Abstract To reveal the effect of DNA- or RNA-specific low-molecular compounds on cellular processes on the molecular level, we have carried out the studies with the application of spectroscopic methods. It is necessary for the understanding of structural-functional properties of nucleic acids in cell. In this work the interaction of DNA-specific thiazine dye methylene blue (MB) with synthetic polynucleotides poly(rA) and poly(rU) was studied. The interaction of MB with synthetic polyribonucleotides poly(rA) and poly(rU) was examined in the solution with high ionic strength in a wide phosphate-to-dye (P/D) range, using the absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies, as well as the fluorescence 2D spectra and 3D spectra analyses were given. Values of the fluorescence quenching constants for the complexes of MB with poly(rA) and poly(rU) were calculated (KSV is the Stern-Volmer quenching constant). Two different modes of MB binding to single-stranded (ss-) poly(rA) and poly(rU) and to their hybrid double-stranded (ds-) structure – poly(rA)-poly(rU) were identified. This ligand binds to ss-poly(rA) and poly(rA)-poly(rU) by semi-intercalation and electrostatic modes, but to ss-poly(rU) the prevailing mode is the electrostatic interaction. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Enhancement of visual cues to self-motion during a visual/vestibular conflict

Perceiving our orientation and motion requires sensory information provided by vision, our body and acceleration. Normally, these cues are redundant however in some situations they can conflict. Here, we created a visual-vestibular conflict by simulating a body-upright virtual world while participants were either standing (no conflict), supine or prone (conflict) and assessed the perception of “forward” distance travelled induced by visual motion. Some participants felt they were standing upright even when lying, indicating a visual reorientation illusion (VRI). We previously showed that when experiencing a VRI, visually induced self-motion is enhanced. Here, we determined if there was a relationship between VRI vulnerability and sensory weighting. Confirming our previous findings, the VRI-vulnerable group showed enhanced self-motion perception. We then assessed the relative weightings of visual and non-visual cues in VRI-vulnerable and VRI-resistant individuals using the Oriented Character Recognition Test. Surprisingly, VRI-vulnerable individuals weighted visual cues less and gravity cues more compared to VRI-resistant individuals. These findings are in line with robust integration where, when the difference between two cues is large, the discrepant cue (here gravity) is ignored. Ignoring the gravity cue then leads to relatively more emphasis being placed on visual information and thus a higher gain.
Echinocandin Resistance in Candida auris Occurs in the Murine Gastrointestinal Tract Due to FKS1 Mutations

Candida auris is resistant to multiple antifungal agents. This study investigated its antifungal susceptibility and explored FKS1 mutations across the isolates from mice enterically colonized with wild-type C. auris and treated with echinocandin. ABSTRACT Candida auris is resistant to multiple antifungal agents. This study investigated its antifungal susceptibility and explored FKS1 mutations across the isolates from mice enterically colonized with wild-type C. auris and treated with echinocandin. Resistant C. auris with FKS1 mutations, including S639F, S639Y, D642Y, R1354H, or R1354Y, were isolated and found to be micafungin- and caspofungin-resistant in vivo; however, the MICs of isolates with mutation in R1354 remained below the micafungin breakpoint in vitro.
The importance of infertility duration and follicle size according to pregnancy success in women undergoing ovulation induction with gonadotropins and intrauterine insemination

Abstract In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of infertility duration and dominant follicle size measured on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) administration on pregnancy rates in infertile women undergoing ovulation induction (OI) with gonadotropin (GND). A total of 352 patients aged 20 to 41 years who were diagnosed with unexplained infertility or polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) were included in this study. Patients with a history of multifollicular development or follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) value more than 12 IU/ml were excluded from the study. The demographic and clinical features of the patients were obtained from the patients’ files and hospital automation system and recorded for each woman. The demographic and clinical features of the patients were recorded. Patients were divided into two groups as live birth (group 1, n = 47) and non-live birth groups (group 2, n = 305). There were no statistically significant differences in regard to age, infertility type, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) level, oestradiol (E2) level, antral follicle count (AFC), cycle characteristics, GND type, number of follicles, E2 level and endometrial thickness on HCG day, total GND dose, dominant follicle size (p > 0.05). Infertility duration in group 1 was 3.5 ± 2.1; in group 2, 4.7 ± 3.9 years. This difference was statistically significant (p = .014). According to this study, live birth rates after GND + IUIs(intrauterine insemination) were significantly affected by the duration of infertility. But the dominant follicle size and endometrial thickness measured on HCG day in GND and IUI cycles did not have a significant effect on pregnancy rates. IMPACT STATEMENT What is already known on the subject? It is thought that the timing of the ovarian triggering is vital for the success of intrauterine insemmination (IUI) treatment. What do the results of this study add? According to our results live birth rates after GND + IUIs were significantly affected by the duration of infertility. What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? It is determined that the duration of infertility is significant and patients should be encouraged to the treatment as soon as possible.
Perceptual history biases in serial ensemble representation

Ensemble perception refers to the visual system's ability to efficiently represent groups of similar objects as a unified percept using their summary statistical information. Most studies focused on extraction of current trial averages, giving little attention to prior experience effects, although a few recent studies found that ensemble mean estimations contract toward previously presented stimuli, with most of these focusing on explicit perceptual averaging of simultaneously presented item ensembles. Yet, the time element is crucial in real dynamic environments, where we encounter ensemble items over time, aggregating information until reaching summary representations. Moreover, statistical information of objects and scenes is learned over time and often implicitly and then used for predictions that shape perception, promoting environmental stability. Therefore, we now focus on temporal aspects of ensemble statistics and test whether prior information, beyond the current trial, biases implicit perceptual decisions. We designed methods to separate current trial biases from those of previously seen trial ensembles. In each trial, six circles of different sizes were presented serially, followed by two test items. Participants were asked to choose which was present in the sequence. Participants unconsciously rely on ensemble statistics, choosing stimuli closer to the ensemble mean. To isolate the influence of earlier trials, the two test items were sometimes equidistant from the current trial mean. Results showed membership judgment biases toward current trial mean, when informative (largest effect). On equidistant trials, judgments were biased toward previously experienced stimulus statistics. Comparison of similar conditions with a shifted stimulus distribution ruled out a bias toward an earlier, presession, prototypical diameter. We conclude that ensemble perception, even for temporally experienced ensembles, is influenced not only by current trial mean but also by means of recently seen ensembles and that these influences are somewhat correlated on a participant-by-participant basis.
Aberrant Large-Scale Network Interactions Across Psychiatric Disorders Revealed by Large-Sample Multi-Site Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Datasets

Abstract Background and Hypothesis Dynamics of the distributed sets of functionally synchronized brain regions, known as large-scale networks, are essential for the emotional state and cognitive processes. However, few studies were performed to elucidate the aberrant dynamics across the large-scale networks across multiple psychiatric disorders. In this paper, we aimed to investigate dynamic aspects of the aberrancy of the causal connections among the large-scale networks of the multiple psychiatric disorders. Study Design We applied dynamic causal modeling (DCM) to the large-sample multi-site dataset with 739 participants from 4 imaging sites including 4 different groups, healthy controls, schizophrenia (SCZ), major depressive disorder (MDD), and bipolar disorder (BD), to compare the causal relationships among the large-scale networks, including visual network, somatomotor network (SMN), dorsal attention network (DAN), salience network (SAN), limbic network (LIN), frontoparietal network, and default mode network. Study Results DCM showed that the decreased self-inhibitory connection of LIN was the common aberrant connection pattern across psychiatry disorders. Furthermore, increased causal connections from LIN to multiple networks, aberrant self-inhibitory connections of DAN and SMN, and increased self-inhibitory connection of SAN were disorder-specific patterns for SCZ, MDD, and BD, respectively. Conclusions DCM revealed that LIN was the core abnormal network common to psychiatric disorders. Furthermore, DCM showed disorder-specific abnormal patterns of causal connections across the 7 networks. Our findings suggested that aberrant dynamics among the large-scale networks could be a key biomarker for these transdiagnostic psychiatric disorders.
Time Series Model Specification in the Presence of Outliers

Abstract Outliers are commonplace in data analysis. Time series analysis is no exception. Noting that the effect of outliers on model identification statistics could be serious, this article is concerned with the problem of time series model specification in the presence of outliers. An iterative procedure is proposed to identify the outliers, to remove their effects, and to specify a tentative model for the underlying process. The procedure is essentially based on the iterative estimation procedure of Chang and Tiao (1983) and the extended sample autocorrelation function (ESACF) model identification method of Tsay and Tiao (1984). An example is given. Properties of the proposed procedure are discussed.
Sound the (Smaller) Alarm: The Triphosphate Magic Spot Nucleotide pGpp

It has recently become evident that the bacterial stringent response is regulated by a triphosphate alarmone (pGpp) as well as the canonical tetra- and pentaphosphate alarmones ppGpp and pppGpp [together, (p)ppGpp]. Often dismissed in the past as an artifact or degradation product, pGpp has been confirmed as a deliberate endpoint of multiple synthetic pathways utilizing GMP, (p)ppGpp, or GDP/GTP as precursors. ABSTRACT It has recently become evident that the bacterial stringent response is regulated by a triphosphate alarmone (pGpp) as well as the canonical tetra- and pentaphosphate alarmones ppGpp and pppGpp [together, (p)ppGpp]. Often dismissed in the past as an artifact or degradation product, pGpp has been confirmed as a deliberate endpoint of multiple synthetic pathways utilizing GMP, (p)ppGpp, or GDP/GTP as precursors. Some early studies concluded that pGpp functionally mimics (p)ppGpp and that its biological role is to make alarmone metabolism less dependent on the guanine energy charge of the cell by allowing GMP-dependent synthesis to continue when GDP/GTP has been depleted. However, recent reports that pGpp binds unique potential protein receptors and is the only alarmone synthesized by the intestinal pathogen Clostridioides difficile indicate that pGpp is more than a stand-in for the longer alarmones and plays a distinct biological role beyond its functional overlap (p)ppGpp.
Neuromuscular and balance adaptations following basketball-specific training programs based on combined drop jump and multidirectional repeated sprint versus multidirectional plyometric training

Multidirectional jumping and repeated sprint ability are crucial performance factors in basketball. The main aim of this investigation was to examine the neuromuscular performance and body balance adaptations following basketball-specific combined training programs based on drop jump and multidirectional repeated sprint versus multidirectional plyometric training. Forty-two professional basketball male players participated in the current investigation and were randomly assigned to three groups: a combined group (COMB; n = 14), a multidirectional jump group (MJG; n = 14) and an active control group (CON; n = 14). The COMB and the MJG groups completed the 8-week training programs with two weekly sessions while the CON continued their usual training. The static and dynamic balance tests, the repeated sprint ability test (IRSA5COD), the T–change of direction (CoD) test, the vertical jump tests, the five time-jump test (FJT) were performed by participants before and after the intervention period. The results showed a significant main effect of time with remarkable improvements at the end of the intervention (P < 0.001, effect size small/moderate) except the physiological parameters for IRSA5COD. Only, significant group × time interactions for body balance, T-CoD test, IRSA5COD (total time and best time), and jump tests were found (P < 0.001, effect size from trivial to moderate). Bonferroni corrected post-hoc tests revealed significantly greater improvement in favor of COMB compared to MJG for body balance, CoD and IRSA5COD (P < 0.005, effect size small/moderate). Otherwise, no significant differences between COMB and MJG concerning jump performances were found. Combined drop jump and multidirectional repeated sprint training program lead to significantly better neuromuscular performance, body balance and CoD in professional basketball players when compared with an usual training.
Impact of dual‐baculovirus infection on the Sf9 insect cell transcriptome during rAAV production using single‐cell RNA‐seq

The insect cell‐baculovirus expression vector system (IC‐BEVS) has shown to be a powerful platform to produce complex biopharmaceutical products, such as recombinant proteins and virus‐like particles. More recently, IC‐BEVS has also been used as an alternative to produce recombinant adeno‐associated virus (rAAV). However, little is known about the variability of insect cell populations and the potential effect of heterogeneity (e.g., stochastic infection process and differences in infection kinetics) on product titer and/or quality. In this study, transcriptomics analysis of Sf9 insect cells during the production of rAAV of serotype 2 (rAAV2) using a low multiplicity of infection, dual‐baculovirus system was performed via single‐cell RNA‐sequencing (scRNA‐seq). Before infection, the principal source of variability in Sf9 insect cells was associated with the cell cycle. Over the course of infection, an increase in transcriptional heterogeneity was detected, which was linked to the expression of baculovirus genes as well as to differences in rAAV transgenes (rep, cap and gfp) expression. Noteworthy, at 24 h post‐infection, only 29.4% of cells enclosed all three necessary rAAV transgenes to produce packed rAAV2 particles, indicating limitations of the dual‐baculovirus system. In addition, the trajectory analysis herein performed highlighted that biological processes such as protein folding, metabolic processes, translation, and stress response have been significantly altered upon infection. Overall, this work reports the first application of scRNA‐seq to the IC‐BEVS and highlights significant variations in individual cells within the population, providing insight into the rational cell and process engineering toward improved rAAV2 production in IC‐BEVS.
“Before I Could Get Him, He Fell”: Experiences, Concerns, and Fall Prevention Strategies of Parents With Young Children

Little is known about parents’ perceptions and prevention strategies regarding childhood falls. In this qualitative study using semi-structured interviews, we sought to describe parental reports of child fall experiences, concerns, and prevention strategies in the home. Sixteen parents with at least one child younger than 18 months were asked about their awareness of fall risks, falls experienced by the child, fall concerns, prevention strategies, and where in the home the child spends time throughout the day. Seven themes emerged: (1) “falls are unexpected,” (2) “role of the physical environment,” (3) “children’s temperament and developmental stage,” (4) “physical barriers and baby products,” (5) “addressing walking surfaces,” (6) “modifying the height of a fall,” and (7) “supervision. ” Parents are aware of in-home fall hazards and actively use strategies to lessen fall risk. Anticipatory guidance should promote evidence-based and evidence-informed prevention strategies and augment effective strategies some parents use to lower fall risk.
Digital Antimicrobial Stewardship Decision Support to Improve Antimicrobial Management

Abstract Objectives We sought to create a digital application to support clinicians in empiric and pathogen-directed antibiotic ordering based on local susceptibility patterns and evidence-based treatment durations, thereby promoting antimicrobial stewardship. Methods We formed a multidisciplinary team that met bimonthly from 2017 to 2018 to design and construct a web-based antimicrobial stewardship platform called Antibiogram + . We used an iterative and agile technical development process with frequent feedback from clinicians. Results Antibiogram+ is an online tool, accessible via the electronic health record and hospital intranet, which offers institutional antibiotic susceptibilities for major pathogens, recommendations for empiric antibiotic selection and treatment durations for common pediatric conditions, antimicrobial dosing and monitoring guidance, and links to other internal clinical decision support resources. The tool was accessed 11,823 times with 492 average monthly views during the first 2 years after release. Compared with use of a preexisting print antibiogram and dosing card, pediatric residents more frequently reported “often” being sure of antibiotic dosing with Antibiogram+ (58 vs. 15%, p < 0.01). Respondents also reported improved confidence in choice of antibiotic, but this finding did not reach statistical significance (55 vs. 35%, p = 0.26). Conclusion We report the successful development of a digital antimicrobial stewardship platform with consistent rates of access during the first 2 years following release and improved provider comfort with antibiotic management.
Histopathological Helsinki score of colorectal liver metastases predicts survival after liver resection

Several perioperative scoring systems have been created to predict outcomes in metastatic colorectal cancer; however, these rarely include histological parameters. We evaluated histological factors used for patients with liver metastases operated between 2000 and 2019 and compared the results with the Fong score. Many scoring models for overall disease‐free survival (DFS) were established and compared using multivariate Cox proportional hazard models. Statistically significant predictors at a 5% level in the univariate analysis were included in the multivariate models using the backward and forward selection methods. Per these models, we established a score of eight histological factors. We defined low‐, intermediate‐, and high‐risk groups and compared them using the Kaplan–Meier survival and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analyses. The histological score's accuracy was compared with the modified Fong clinical risk score. The following factors constituted the Helsinki score: advanced pT stage, node‐positive primary, ≥2 metastases, size >50 mm, vitality >30%, margin <5 mm, vascular invasion and biliary invasion. The high‐risk group had significantly worse DFS and overall survival. In ROC analyses, the Helsinki score was slightly better than the modified Fong clinical risk score. Helsinki score challenges physicians to acknowledge histological factors as important outcome measures.
3D direct manipulation interface by vision-based human action sensing

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On the origin of phase transitions in long- and short-range interacting systems

Almost regardless of the field of physics you are interested in, phase transitions are a phenomenon of great importance. Phase transitions occur in both, equilibrium and nonequilibrium, but in this lecture our concern will be exclusively the equilibrium situation. Typical examples of such equilibrium phase transitions are the transitions between different states of matter (solid, liquid, gaseous, . . . ) or the transition from normal conductivity to superconductivity. In the vicinity of a phase transition point, a small change in some external control parameter (like pressure or temperature) results in a dramatic change of certain physical properties (like specific heat or electric resistance) of the system under consideration.