Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Factors influencing Bachelor of Science in Clinical Medicine students performance in Clinical Officer Council Licensure examination, Kenya

Background: Clinical medicine program has recorded high rates of student’s enrolment to training while their performance in clinical officers’ council (COC) licensure examination remains variable. This study investigated performance of clinical medicine degree student’s in COC examinations by determining student characteristics, institutional and regulatory body factors in relation to performance.Methods: A retrospective study, using mixed method approach to collect data. A sample total of 427 of students was analyzed while cluster and purposive sampling were used for key informants interviewed. Quantitative data was converted from Microsoft excel to statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) software version 26 and analysed. Odd ratio was used to measure strength of association between students,institutions and regulatoy body charateristics and performance with p<0.05 being considered significant. Qualitative data was transcribed for content analysis.Results: The results indicated that there was highly significant relationship among the performance of students in government and private institutions respectively (p<0.001) unlike faith-based institutions (p=0.292). Private institutions were 0.158 more likely to perform better than other institutions while government institutions were 5 times more likely to perform better than any other institutions.Conclusions: Age, mode of study and years of experience were found to be significant factors associated with performance while intergrity in marking was an important concern. The recommendations from the study are that training institutions continue upgrading program but factors contributing to low performances should be looked into. There is need to select experienced faculty to teach and set competency based licensure examination after internship.The study has demonstrated that results can be used to predict performance which are reliable for developing recruitment and examination policies.
The mission execution crew assistant : Improving human-machine team resilience for long duration missions

Manned long-duration missions to the Moon and Mars set high operational, human factors and technical demands for a distributed support system, which enhances human-machine teams' capabilities to cope autonomously with unexpected, complex and potentially hazardous situations. Based on a situated Cognitive Engineering (sCE) method, we specified a theoretical and empirical founded Requirements Baseline (RB) for such a system (called Mission Execution Crew Assistant; MECA), and its rational consisting of scenarios and use cases, user experience claims, and core support functions. The MECA system comprises distributed personal ePartners that help the team to assess the situation, to determine a suitable course of actions to solve a problem, and to safeguard the astronauts from failures. In addition to standard requirements reviews, we tested and refined the RB via storyboarding and human-in-the-loop evaluations of a simulation-based prototype in a virtual environment with 15 participants. The evaluation results confirmed the claims on effectiveness, efficiency, satisfaction, learnability, situation awareness, trust and emotion. Issues for improvement and further research were identified and prioritized (e.g., acceptance of mental load and emotion sensing). In general, the sCE method provided a reviewed set of 167 high-level requirements that explicitly refers to the tested scenarios, claims and core support functions on health management, diagnosis, prognosis & prediction, collaboration, resource management, planning, and sense-making. A first version of an ontology for this support was implemented in the prototype, which will be used for further ePartner development.
Growth of CuInGaSe2 Films by RF Sputtering Using CuInGaSe2 Single Phase Target

CuIn0.8Ga0. 2Se2 thin film is grown at room temperature by RF sputtering using high quality of CuIn0.8Ga0. 2Se2 single phase target. A (112) diffraction peak is dominant with no secondary phases such as selenide materials in the X-ray diffraction pattern. A flat and homogeneous surface can be obtained in the sample.
A low-frequency downhole sparker for borehole seismic applications

We report on the development of a downhole sparker source that is able to generate acoustic signals with peak frequencies between 2 and 1000 Hz. The sparker can be configured such that the energy of the produced acoustic signals lies within a spectral band that is suitable for transmission lengths of the order of thousands of feet, making it a viable source for Cross Well Tomography, Single-Well Imaging, and Re verse Vertical Seismic Profiling. The sparker produces repeatable shots and allows a firing rate of the same order as typical listening times in borehole seismic applications. This paper summarizes the development of a prototype tool and results from recent field tests.
Suppression of Dynamic Current Leakage in Avalanche S-Diode Switching Circuits

This work investigates the dynamic current leakage of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${S}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-diode, which is a GaAs-based avalanche switch doped with deep Fe acceptor traps. The dynamic leakage has negative effect on superfast switching parameters of this unique device, and here we suggest an original way of reducing the leakage by means of circuit design. It is shown that an additional bias for avalanche S-diode in the current pulse generation circuit forms a negatively charged layer of iron traps near the electron-injecting junction. As a result, the concentration of nonequilibrium electrons goes down, which leads to a decrease in leakage current by <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sim 3$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-4 times, and a rise in S-diode switching voltage. The results were obtained in the experimental study and are approved by calculation.
Parallel rate-variable coded PPM in photon counting channel

The authors propose parallel rate-variable punctured convolutional coded PPM (pulse position modulation) in a photon counting channel to achieve high energy information efficiency for desired bit error rate (BER) and transmission bandwidth. Theoretical results are shown for the BER performance, the bandwidth expansion factor beta , and a necessary energy information efficiency to achieve BER=10/sup -6/ of the proposed systems for some combinations of code rates. It is found that the system with the same code rates on all binary erasure channels has better BER performance than other systems for the same bandwidth expansion factor beta . It is also found that the proposed system can achieve high energy information efficiency for desired BER and beta by selecting a suitable combination of code rates depending on the channel conditions. Moreover, it is shown that the proposed system has better BER performance than Reed-Solomon-coded PPM in a small range of beta . <<ETX>>
Traffic incident detection algorithm based on non-parameter regression

We first describe the traffic congestion problem that many countries are facing with in the world. Then we propose a traffic incident detection algorithm based on non-parametric regression to solve the congestion problem. Finally, we compare the algorithm with other incident detection algorithms on the detection rate, false alarm rate and mean detection time. A simulation result shows the algorithm proposed has higher detection rate, lower false alarm rate and longer mean time detection. Furthermore, we state the direction of our next study.
Comparison of pain intensity, smooth muscle cells density, and alpha-smooth muscle actin expression in ovarial and peritoneal endometriosis

HIGHLIGHT1. Pain intensity, smooth muscle cells density, and alpha-SMA expression can be used to analyze the role of smooth muscle in endometriosis.2. Compared to healthy individuals, those with endometriosis have higher pain intensity, smooth muscle cells density, and alpha-SMA expression. 3. Among endometriotic patients, those with peritoneal endometriosis have higher pain intensity, smooth muscle cells density, and alpha-SMA expression than those with ovarial endometriosis.3. The expression of alpha-SMA, smooth muscle density, and pain intensity were found to correlate significantly in endometriosis. ABSTRACTObjectives: to identify the role of smooth muscle through the analysis of smooth muscle cells density, expression of a-SMA, and the pain intensity.Materials and Methods: Study design is a cross sectional analytic observational. Study sample consists of women with ovarial endometrios and women with peritoneal endometriosis that undergo laparoscopy and laparotomy in RSUD Saiful Anwar Malang and RSIA Melati Malang from January until December 2019. There are 16 samples: 8 samples of ovarial endometriosis and 8 samples of peritoneal endometriosis. Smooth muscle cell density was analyzed by comparing the number of smooth muscle cells with the total area of endometriosis tissue in one microscopical field. a-SMA expression obtained by immunohistochemistry. Degree of pain obatined by filling the part 1 point 1-11 of EHP-30 queistionnaire the day after the procedure. Data was analyzed by Independent T-test and Pearson correlation.Results: Pain intensity, smooth muscle cells density, and a-SMA expression is higher in the endometriosis patient compared to healthy individual. Pain intensity, smooth muscle cells density, and a-SMA expression is lower in the ovarial endometriosis compared to peritoneal endometriosis.Conclusion: There are a significant correlation between the expression of a-SMA, smooth muscle density, and pain intensity in endometriosis.
8‐antenna and 16‐antenna arrays using the quad‐antenna linear array as a building block for the 3.5‐GHz LTE MIMO operation in the smartphone

Using the quad‐antenna linear (QAL) array as a building block, the 8‐antenna and 16‐antenna arrays for the 3.5‐GHz long term evolution multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) operation in the smartphone are demonstrated. The QAL array has a planar structure of narrow width 3 mm (0.035λ) and short length 50 mm (0.58λ), with λ being the wavelength at 3.5 GHz. For the 8‐antenna array, two QAL arrays are disposed along two opposite side edges (denoted as Array A) or the same side edge (denoted as Array B) of the system circuit board of the smartphone. The obtained envelope correlation coefficient values of the antennas in Array A and B are shown. The calculated channel capacities for Array A and B applied in an 8 × 8 MIMO system are also analyzed. The 16‐antenna array formed by four QAL arrays disposed along two opposite side edges (denoted as Array C) is then studied. For operating in a 16 × 16 MIMO system, the calculated channel capacity of Array C can reach about 66–70 bps/Hz with a 20‐dB signal‐to‐noise ratio. The obtained channel capacity is about 5.7–6.1 times that (11.5 bps/Hz) of the upper limit of an ideal 2 × 2 MIMO system with 100% antenna efficiency for the antennas therein. Details of the proposed Array A, B, and C are described, and the obtained results are presented. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:174–181, 2016
Design and analysis of a meandered multiband antenna based on split ring resonator

This article presents design and analysis of a novel compact circular patch microstrip antenna to be used for multiple services. The study is done on a circular patch antenna loaded with four slits which has a meandering effect on the surface currents along with a single unit cell of a split ring resonator (SRR) printed with copper on a substrate for the multiband operations. Circuit model of SRR configuration is also presented. The proposed antenna configuration is simulated and theoretically analyzed. The antenna is fabricated for best performance. The theoretical and simulated results are found to be in close agreement with measured results. Furthermore, parametric analysis is done by varying the height of SRR and gap width between the two SRR rings. Proposed configuration with a compactness of around 28%, and a broad beam width with high‐efficiency cover X‐band of microwave regime between 6 and 12 GHz. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:2787–2795, 2013
Community Emergency Planning: False Assumptions and Inappropriate Analogies

Community emergency planning had its roots in military analogies which viewed emergencies as extensions of “enemy attack” scenarios, Such thinking was embedded in early structural arrangements and was generalized as the appropriate normative model for all emergencies. This model viewed emergencies as conditions of social chaos which could be rectified by command and control. It is argued here that such a view is inadequate based on a knowledge of behavior in emergencies and the model is dysfunctional for planning. A more adequate model is presented, based on conditions of continuity, coordination and cooperation. This problem solving model, based on research rather than military analogies, provides a more adequate set of assumptions as the basis for planning. However, legislative and technological “improvements” often make emergency planning more rigid and increasingly inadequate.
Analysis of Academic Fraud of Student in Unversity Based on Fraud Pentagon Theory

Academic fraud is a serious problem related to integrity and ethics that occurs in every educational institution. This study aims to identify the causes of academic fraud behavior among students at state universities in Magelang based on the Pentagon theory of fraud dimensions. This research is a qualitative study using a case study approach. Data were collected by means of observation and interviews with 15 respondents of undergraduate and diploma level students. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the act of student academic cheating is caused by five main aspects, namely pressure, opportunity, rationalization, ability and finally the student's personal arrogance. A student does not commit academic fraud if one aspect is not fulfilled. Some actions that must be taken to minimize fraud are improving the assessment system and examination supervision, improving the quality of the lecture process, establishing strict sanctions, evaluating regular academic guidance and guidance, and also organizing non-academic programs to improve the balance of IQ, EQ. , SQ, and AQ.
How Bad Is a Near-Miss in Driving? A Proposed Metric Based on Reenactment Variability

How bad is a near miss? After the fact, the collision probability is zero. The real concern is what might have happened under slightly different conditions. In this article, I propose a safety measure commensurate with probability of collision for an event reenactment that depends on estimating the variability of closest proximity between vehicles. Example calculations are provided for several combinations of vehicles passing, stopping, or converging. Until recently, this radically different approach has been impractical, but new technology to measure and store proximity data changes that outlook. Various means are suggested by which the metric can be used to enhance driver safety.
Enabling impedance-based physical human–multi–robot collaboration: Experiments with four torque-controlled manipulators

Robotics research into multi-robot systems so far has concentrated on implementing intelligent swarm behavior and contact-less human interaction. Studies of haptic or physical human-robot interaction, by contrast, have primarily focused on the assistance offered by a single robot. Consequently, our understanding of the physical interaction and the implicit communication through contact forces between a human and a team of multiple collaborative robots is limited. We here introduce the term Physical Human Multi-Robot Collaboration (PHMRC) to describe this more complex situation, which we consider highly relevant in future service robotics. The scenario discussed in this article covers multiple manipulators in close proximity and coupled through physical contacts. We represent this set of robots as fingers of an up-scaled agile robot hand. This perspective enables us to employ model-based grasping theory to deal with multi-contact situations. Our torque-control approach integrates dexterous multi-manipulator grasping skills, optimization of contact forces, compensation of object dynamics, and advanced impedance regulation into a coherent compliant control scheme. For this to achieve, we contribute fundamental theoretical improvements. Finally, experiments with up to four collaborative KUKA LWR IV+ manipulators performed both in simulation and real world validate the model-based control approach. As a side effect, we notice that our multi-manipulator control framework applies identically to multi-legged systems, and we execute it also on the quadruped ANYmal subject to non-coplanar contacts and human interaction.
Monitoring land cover change, degradation, and restoration of the Hyrcanian forests in northern Iran (1977–2010)

Hyrcanianforests are unique, and critically importantfrom theviewpoint of soilconservation, gentler air, relative humidity of the environment, water permeability, wood production, wildlife habitat, and recreation. Though these forests are an international treasure, they have suffered from the development of agricultural lands, commercial and industrial exploitation, indiscriminate cutting, excessive grazing, air pollution from rising fuel consumption, and management shortcomings. Through these processes, forests have been destroyed, and their cover area has been reduced. We used sensors of the MSS, TM, ETM + and ALOS AVNIR-2 for the years 1977, 1987, 2001, and 2010 to investigate land cover changes and reduction of hyrcanian forests in northern Iran. From these four years, three study periods were measured: 1977–1987, 1987–2001, and 2001–2010. The dominant type of cover in northern Iran was hyrcanian forest and then agriculture during the study period. The annual rate of deforestation was –0.06%. Agriculture and rivers during 1977–2010 were reduced at an annual rate of – 0.75% and –0.02%. Residential, orchard, and transportation increased at an annual rate of 2.88%, 5.88%, and 0.99%, respectively, during the whole study period. 85.10% of the region's cover didn't change cover during the first period and the most changes occurred in this interval. 88.88% and 87.63% of the landscape persisted during the second and third periods, respectively. Forest class between the years of 1977–2001 showed a decreasing trend, but 294 hectares of additional forest area was added in 2010 over 2001. However, given their importance, these forests should be seriously protected through afforestation, forest restoration, and preventative measures; otherwise, these forests will not be able to provide their ecological services and functions. The results of this study provide useful information for planning and management, impact assessment of development projects, and the identification ofhot spots and vulnerable areas.
Design, Implementation and Test of a Wireless Peer-to-peer Network for Roadway Incident Exchange

The existing paradigms for vehicular traffic monitoring and control have a strong infrastructure bias. Data collection and processing typically require a support system that may be prohibitively expensive or suffer from scalability issues. Current research aims to solve these problems with local-area wireless technology, allowing the vehicles themselves to form an ad hoc network. Our vision of such a traveller-centric, zero-infrastructure system is called Autonet. In this paper, we present the key Autonet concepts, validated through a prototype implementation and field measurements. In the prototype, an in-vehicle client with an informative GUI continuously listens for other clients, exchanging knowledge about network state once contact is made. We show that knowledge about traffic conditions can be propagated successfully using this system. The prototype also enabled benchmarking of 802.11b wireless technology in a transportation environment. These measurements establish its maximum throughput at approximately 3,500 traffic incidents for two vehicles passing at highway speeds.
Modeling and design considerations for a micro-hydraulic piezoelectric power generator

Piezoelectric Micro-Hydraulic Transducers are compact high power density transducers, which can function bi-directionally as actuators/micropumps and/or power generators. They are designed to generate 0.5-1W power at frequencies of ~10-20kHz, resulting in high power densities approaching 500W/kg. These devices are comprised of a main chamber, two actively controlled valves, a low-pressure reservoir and a high-pressure reservoir. This thesis reports on modeling and design considerations for Micro-Hydraulic Piezoelectric Power Generators. Since these devices are complex fluid and structural systems, comprehensive simulation tools are needed for effective design. Operation of each subcomponent of the device is highly coupled and every design decision should be made with remaining components in mind. A system level simulation tool has been developed using Matlab/Simulink, by integrating models for different energy domains, namely fluids, structures, piezoelectrics and circuitry. The simulation architecture allows for integration of the elastic equations of structural members into the dynamic simulations as well as monitoring of important parameters such as chamber pressure, flowrate, and various structural component deflections and stresses. Using the simulation, the operation of the system is analyzed and important design considerations are evaluated. Fluidic oscillations within the system are analyzed and an optimization procedure for the membrane structure within the main chamber is presented. Parameter studies are performed for different piezoelectric materials, system compliances, and circuit topologies. Tradeoffs between operation conditions and their effect on the performance are discussed. A design procedure is developed. Results indicate that system efficiency is highly dependent on compliances within the device structure, the type of piezoelectric material used and rectifier circuit topology. Thesis Supervisor: Nesbitt W. Hagood, IV Title: Associate Professor of Aeronautics and Astrtonautics Departmental Reader: Alexander H. Slocum Title: Professor of Mechancial Engineering, MacVicar Faculty Fellow