Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fertilización orgánica-mineral del cultivo de amaranto (Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.)

The objective of this research was to evaluate the eff ect of different doses of organic-mineral fertilization on grain yield and height of amaranth plant; in addition, to determine if there is any correlation between plant densities and yield. The experimental design used was completely randomized blocks with four replicates. The experiment was conducted under the traditional system of direct sowing during cropping cycles (2014-2015). The treatments were obtained through the Plan Puebla I matrix, the factors and study levels were: nitrogen (20, 40, 80 and 100 kg ha-1 ), phosphorus (0, 20, 40 and 60 kg ha-1) and composed of bovine manure (0.5, 1, 2 and 3 t ha-1), adding 40 kg ha-1 of potassium to the treatments and the control (00-00-00-00). The variables evaluated were grain yield per m2 , yield per plant and plant height. The number of plants per experimental unit was also counted at the time of panicle cut in order to correlate plant density and yield. Statistically significant diff erences (Tukey, p < 0.05) were found in plant height, yield per plant and yield per m2 ; in both performance variables the best treatment was 80-20-00 kg ha-1 of N-P-K plus one ton of compost. A significant negative correlation (r= -0.38982; Pearson, p < 0.05) was found between the number of plants and plant height; and between plant numbers and yield per plant (r2= -0.73993; Pearson, p < 0.05).
Physiological and clinical responses to cycling 7850 km over 85 days in a physically active middle‐aged man with idiopathic Parkinson's disease

This case characterizes the clinical motor, perceived fatigue, gait and balance, cardiovascular, neuromuscular, and cardiopulmonary responses after cycling 7850 km over 85 days in a physically active 57‐year‐old male with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD). The participant cycled 73/85 days (86%); averaging 107.5 ± 48.9 km/day over 255.4 ± 108.8 min. Average cycling heart rate was 117 ± 11 bpm. The Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) Part III motor score decreased from 46 to 26 (−44%), while the mean Parkinson Fatigue Scale (PFS‐16) score decreased from 3.4 to 2.3 (−32%). Peak power output on a maximal aerobic exercise test increased from 326 to 357 W (+10%), while peak isotonic power of single‐leg knee extension increased from 312 to 350 W (+12%). Maximal oxygen uptake following the trip was 53.1 mL/min/kg or 151% of predicted. Resting heart rate increased from 48 to 71 bpm (+48%). The systolic and diastolic blood pressure responses to a 2‐min submaximal static handgrip exercise were near absent at baseline (∆2/∆2 mm Hg) but appeared normal post‐trip (∆17/∆9 mm Hg). Gait and static balance measures were unchanged. This case report demonstrates the capacity for physiological and clinical adaptations to a high‐volume, high‐intensity cycling regiment in a physically active middle‐aged male with PD.
Biolistic transformation of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae mitochondrial DNA

The insertion of genes into mitochondria by biolistic transformation is currently only possible in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. The fact that S. cerevisiae mitochondria can exist with partial (ρ− mutants) or complete deletions (ρ0 mutants) of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), without requiring a specific origin of replication, enables the propagation of exogenous sequences. Additionally, mtDNA in this organism undergoes efficient homologous recombination, making it well‐suited for genetic manipulation. In this review, we present a summarized historical overview of the development of biolistic transformation and discuss iconic applications of the technique. We also provide a detailed example on how to obtain transformants with recombined foreign DNA in their mitochondrial genome.
Control of non-linear systems based on interval observer design

This study develops a Luenberger-like interval observer design methodology for a class of non-linear systems with bounded uncertainties. First, a simple procedure is given to find a positive representation that provides a method to guarantee the existence of observer gain by means of the matrix theory. Then, based on interval observer design, the gain of feedback controllers for non-linear systems is presented in terms of a linear matrix inequality formulation. Finally, a numerical example is provided to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed approach.
Mora augmentation processes in Japanese

Japanese displays a variety of mora augmentation processes. These processes typically involve lengthening a word by a single mora, usually for emphasis. In this paper we focus on two such processes: the formation of emphatic adjectives in the Shizuoka dialect and the formation of intensified adverbs in standard Japanese. We first examine adjectival emphasis in the Shizuoka dialect. We show that adjectives can be augmented by gemination, nasal insertion, or vowel lengthening and that there is a priority to the means of augmentation. We offer an optimality-theoretic analysis of the mora augmentation process. We then contrast the adjectival pattern with the augmentation process found with intensified adverbials in standard Japanese which has the same priority of means of augmentation, but with some interesting differences in the details. We offer an analysis of the intensified adverbials showing how a unified analysis of both mora augmentation processes can be offered under optimality theory. We conclude by briefly discussing some other instances of mora augmentation in Japanese. Area of interest: Phonology
A Simple Petri Net Controller by Solving Some Integer Linear Programming Problems

The number of control places for designing a simple Petri Net controller is important. So, many efforts have been accomplished during last decade to design a controller with small number of such places. But, the number after applying some of these methods is still large and some of the other methods are complicated. In this paper, we have attempted to develop the previous methods for obtaining a simple controller in a systematic way. In this method, a small number of control places are obtained by solving a few numbers of Integer Linear Programming Problems at which the numbers of constraints and variables in each problem smoothly grow with respect to the numbers of reachable states. Also, the controlled model is maximally permissive.
Mutagenicity assessment of high‐power 1.6‐THz pulse laser radiation

The effect of terahertz (THz) radiation has been studied in medicine. However, there is a lack of scientific information regarding its possible mutagenicity. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the mutagenicity of 1.6 THz laser irradiation. The Ames test was conducted using five bacterial tester strains. The bacteria were subjected to (i) 1.6 THz laser irradiation at 3.8 mW/cm2 for 60 min using a tabletop THz pulse laser system, (ii) ultraviolet irradiation, (iii) treatment with positive control chemicals (positive control) or (iv) treatment with the solvent used in the positive control (negative control). After treatment, the bacterial suspensions were cultured on minimal glucose agar to determine the number of revertant colonies. In addition, the comet assay was performed using fibroblasts (V79) to assess possible DNA damage caused by the THz laser irradiation. The Ames test demonstrated that the THz laser irradiation did not increase the number of revertant colonies compared to that in the negative control group, whereas the ultraviolet irradiation and positive control treatment increased the number of revertant colonies. Thus, 1.6 THz laser irradiation is unlikely to be mutagenic. The comet assay additionally suggests that the THz laser irradiation unlikely induce cellular DNA damage.
Preparation for the next pandemic: challenges in strengthening surveillance

ABSTRACT The devastating Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic indicates that early detection of candidates with pandemic potential is vital. However, comprehensive metagenomic sequencing of the total microbiome is not practical due to the astronomical and rapidly evolving numbers and species of micro-organisms. Analysis of previous pandemics suggests that an increase in human–animal interactions, changes in animal and arthropod distribution due to climate change and deforestation, continuous mutations and interspecies jumping of RNA viruses, and frequent travels are important factors driving pandemic emergence. Besides measures mitigating these factors, surveillance at human–animal interfaces targeting animals with unusual tolerance to viral infections, sick heathcare workers, and workers at high biosafety level laboratories is crucial. Surveillance of sick travellers is important when alerted by an early warning system of a suspected outbreak due to unknown agents. These samples should be screened by multiplex nucleic acid amplification and subsequent unbiased next-generation sequencing. Novel viruses should be isolated in routine cell cultures, complemented by organoid cultures, and then tested in animal models for interspecies transmission potential. Potential agents are candidates for designing rapid diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccines. For early detection of outbreaks, there are advantages in using event-based surveillance and artificial intelligence (AI), but high background noise and censorship are possible drawbacks. These systems are likely useful if they channel reliable information from frontline healthcare or veterinary workers and large international gatherings. Furthermore, sufficient regulation of high biosafety level laboratories, and stockpiling of broad spectrum antiviral drugs, vaccines, and personal protective equipment are indicated for pandemic preparedness.
A method of electromagnetic shower identification by using isolated bars with the DAMPE BGO calorimeter

A method is proposed for electromagnetic-hadronic shower discrimination for DAMPE (DArk Matter Particle Explorer) 3D-imaging BGO electromagnetic calorimeter. The technique uses the isolated bars which are extracted by comparing to the adjacent bars in the same layer of the BGO calorimeter of DAMPE. It’s found that, the energy distribution and location of isolated bars are sensitive to the nature of the incident particles. For electromagnetic showers, more than 96.6% isolated bars’ energy less than 20MeV, as for protons, there is a peak between 20 and 40 MeV. While the deposited energy increasing for certain energy incidence, the location of isolated bars in hadronic showers become more and more similar to that of electromagnetic showers. Based on those properties, we illustrate a possible method to separate electromagnetic showers and hadronic showers.
G9a inactivation in progenitor cells with Isl1-Cre with reduced recombinase activity models aspects of Dandy-Walker complex

ABSTRACT G9a, also known as EHMT2, is essential for embryogenesis and has specific functions in multiple developmental processes. G9a inactivation affects development of the nervous system, which is formed with contribution of descendants of progenitor cells expressing the transcription factor Isl1. However, the function of G9a in Isl1-expressing progenitors is unknown. Here, we show that G9a is required for proper development of multiple structures formed with contribution of Isl1-expressing progenitors. A Cre-dependent GFP reporter revealed that the recombinase activity of the Isl1-Cre used in this study to inactivate G9a was reduced to a subset of Isl1-expressing progenitor cells. G9a mutants reached endpoint by 7 weeks of age with cardiac hypertrophy, hydrocephalus, underdeveloped cerebellum and hind limb paralysis, modeling aspects of Dandy-Walker complex. Moreover, neuroepithelium of the lateral ventricle derived from Isl1-expressing progenitors was thinner and disorganized, potentially compromising cerebrospinal fluid dynamics in G9a mutants. Micro-computed tomography after iodine staining revealed increased volume of the heart, eye lens and brain structures in G9a mutant fetuses. Thus, altered development of descendants of the second heart field and the neural crest could contribute to multicomponent malformation like Dandy-Walker.
A Promotion of String/M Theory

String/M theory is better than quantum fields. Some hope it will become the promised quantum gravity or the unified theory of all known physics interactions. Some may say it is a necessity from the viewpoints of general relativity, thermodynamics, and the blackhole issues that have developed so far. This may be true, but here I look at string/M theory from a different perspective. For that, I revisit the black hole controversy and re-examine the simplest situation. Observations on the basics of mechanics and quantum mechanics, such as momentum and the Hamiltonian, have led me to suggest difficulties that, in principle, cannot be resolved in quantum field theory including considerations of topological quantum field theory. Thus, at least for now, we seem to have no alternative besides string/M theory.
Dark Matter and Dark Energy as Quantum Entities

In the present article, we propose a new model based on our recently proposed information relativity theory for explaining dark matter and dark energy and for inferring about the nature of their interactions. The model gives rise to a matter-wave duality, similar to the realistic de Broglie–Bohm model. We allude briefly to the model’s applications in predicting and explaining quantum phenomena; then we utilize it to construct a simple quantum cosmology of the universe, according to which dark matter and dark energy are, respectively, quantum matter and dual-wave energy at cosmic scales. We use the model to explain, in physical terms, the dynamic interaction among matter, dark matter, and dark energy as functions of the recession velocities and redshifts of celestial objects, such galaxies, quasars, etc. Contrary to the standard cosmological model, the predicted distributions of matter and dark energy densities, as functions of redshift, are far from being uniform, with matter reaching its maximal energy density at a point of quantum phase transition equaling the golden ratio (z ≈ 1.618). The predicted dynamics between matter and dark energy are shown to a function of the celestial’s object recession velocity (or redshift). We derive general terms for predicting the amount of matter and dark energy in any redshift range and show that our predictions confirm with recent observations-based ΛCDM cosmologies. The model predicts that, for redshift z ≤ 1 2 , corresponding to recession velocity β ≤ 1/3 , the universe is dominated by matter, while for z > 1 2 (β > 1/3 ), it is dominated by dark energy. This prediction alleviates the so-called “coincidence problem,” by providing a physical explanation as to why the density of the two components at the present time are equal.
Intersection Theory of the Tropical Moduli Spaces of Curves

Tropical geometry is a very new mathematical domain. The appearance of tropical geometry was motivated by its deep relations to other mathematical branches. These include algebraic geometry, symplectic geometry, complex analysis, combinatorics and mathematical biology. In this work we see some more relations between algebraic geometry and tropical geometry. Our aim is to prove a one-to-one correspondence between the divisor classes on the moduli space of n-pointed rational stable curves and the divisors of the moduli space of n-pointed abstract tropical curves. Thus we state some results of the algebraic case first. In algebraic geometry these moduli spaces are well understood. In particular, the group of divisor classes is calculated by S. Keel. We recall the needed results in chapter one. For the proof of the correspondence we use some results of toric geometry. Further we want to show an equality of the Chow groups of a special toric variety and the algebraic moduli space. Thus we state some results of the toric geometry as well. This thesis tries to discover some connection between algebraic and tropical geometry. Thus we also need the corresponding tropical objects to the algebraic objects. Therefore we give some necessary definitions such as fan, tropical fan, morphisms between tropical fans, divisors or the topical moduli space of all n-marked tropical curves. Since we need it, we show that the tropical moduli space can be embedded as a tropical fan. After this preparatory work we prove that the group of divisor classes in v classical algebraic geometry has it equivalence in tropical geometry. For this it is useful to give a map from the group of divisor classes of the algebraic moduli space to the group of divisors of the tropical moduli space. Our aim is to prove the bijectivity of this map in chapter three. On the way we discover a deep connection between the algebraic moduli space and the toric variety given by the tropical fan of the tropical moduli space.
EXPLOITING SPATIAL CORRELATION USING TREE BASED POLYNOMIAL REGRESSION IN A THREE DIMENSIONAL WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK

A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) consists of a large number of sensor nodes dispersed over a chosen area for monitoring purposes. Information about an event can be captured by the surrounding sensor nodes. Observations from the sensor nodes which are in close proximity are highly correlated. This is called Spatial Correlation. In this thesis, we propose a scheme to exploit the spatial correlation of data in a three dimensional sensor network by using polynomial regression technique. The scheme involves creation of a binary tree in the network, such that the network has two types of nodes viz., Tree nodes and Sensing nodes. The sensing nodes sense the physical attribute and report their position coordinates (x, y, z) and the sensed value to the nearest tree node. The tree nodes, on the other hand, fit a polynomial function on the received values and transmit the coefficients of regression to the parent tree node. The process starts with the leaf tree nodes and stops at the root. At the end of the process, the root has the polynomial function (Attribute value as a function of space coordinates) for the entire sensor network. When the sink queries the root, instead of flooding the entire network, the root can use the polynomial function to compute the attribute value at any location within the boundary. This saves a lot of energy in the sensor network. Simulations have been performed for different tree heights and different sensor nodes density. Results presented in graphical form indicate that a tree with a depth of four provides accurate values, with minimum error. Concluding remarks and plans for future work have also been presented.
Effects of cold storage after cold acclimation on the fitness of Habrobracon hebetor (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

Habrobracon hebetor (Say) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is a cosmopolitan, idiobiont, and gregarious ectoparasitoid, which can parasitize the larvae of several pyralid and noctuid moths. However, adult parasitoids require cold storage to ensure that adequate individuals are available when a pest outbreak occurs. To understand the effects of cold storage after acclimation on offspring fitness of H. hebetor, the de‑ velopment, fecundity, population parameters, and paralysis rate of the F1 generation were evaluated using an age–stage, two‑sex life table. Four pairing treatments were used in this study, with refrigerated males and females (ReF×ReM), unrefrigerated females and refrigerated males (UnF×ReM), refrigerated females and unrefrigerated males (ReF×UnM), and unrefrigerated females and males (UnF×UnM, control). Cold storage after acclimation had no significant effect on the fecundity or oviposition period of F0‑generation H. hebetor. Moreover, the survival rate (Sa = 61.43%), proportion of females (Nf/N = 0.41), intrinsic rate of increase (r = 0.3450), finite rate of increase (λ = 1.4121), net reproduction rate (R 0 = 149.47), and net paralysis rate (C 0 = 74.52) of ReF×UnM and UnF×UnM (Sa = 50.00%, Nf/N = 0.34, r = 0.3297, λ = 1.3881, R 0 = 155.69, C 0 = 62.90, re‑ spectively) treatments were significantly higher than those of the ReF×ReM treatment (Sa = 45%, Nf/N = 0.16, r = 0.2277, λ = 1.2558, R 0 = 68.81, C 0 = 31.61, respectively) (except for the Sa of UnF×UnM treatment), and there was no significant difference between the 2 treatments. Overall, it is advisable to avoid simultaneous cold storage of female and male parasitoids or to add unrefrigerated males appropriately when using cold‑stored parasitoids to control pests.
Accelerated Rule-Out of acute Myocardial Infarction using prehospital copeptin and in-hospital troponin: The AROMI study

Abstract Aims The present acute myocardial infarction (AMI) rule-out strategies are challenged by the late temporal release of cardiac troponin. Copeptin is a non-specific biomarker of endogenous stress and rises early in AMI, covering the early period where troponin is still normal. An accelerated dual-marker rule-out strategy combining prehospital copeptin and in-hospital high-sensitivity troponin T could reduce length of hospital stay and thus the burden on the health care systems worldwide. The AROMI trial aimed to evaluate if the accelerated dual-marker rule-out strategy could safely reduce length of stay in patients discharged after early rule-out of AMI. Methods and results Patients with suspected AMI transported to hospital by ambulance were randomized 1:1 to either accelerated rule-out using copeptin measured in a prehospital blood sample and high-sensitivity troponin T measured at arrival to hospital or to standard rule-out using a 0 h/3 h rule-out strategy. The AROMI study included 4351 patients with suspected AMI. The accelerated dual-marker rule-out strategy reduced mean length of stay by 0.9 h (95% confidence interval 0.7–1.1 h) in patients discharged after rule-out of AMI and was non-inferior regarding 30-day major adverse cardiac events when compared to standard rule-out (absolute risk difference −0.4%, 95% confidence interval −2.5 to 1.7; P-value for non-inferiority = 0.013). Conclusion Accelerated dual marker rule-out of AMI, using a combination of prehospital copeptin and first in-hospital high-sensitivity troponin T, reduces length of hospital stay without increasing the rate of 30-day major adverse cardiac events as compared to using a 0 h/3 h rule-out strategy.
Well-posedness of the frequency permutation problem in sparse filter estimation with lp minimization

A well-known issue in blind convolutive source separation is that the sources and filters are at best identifiable up to an arbitrary scaling and permutation at each frequency bin. We propose to exploit the sparsity of the filters as a consistency measure for correcting such permutations. We show that the permutation is well-posed, up to a global permutation, under appropriate sparsity hypotheses on the filters. A greedy combinatorial algorithm is proposed for permutation recovery. Its empirical performance shows that the time-domain sparsity of the filters allows to recover permutations much beyond theoretical predictions.
Relative photometric calibration of optical surveys

Photometric calibration is the top systematic uncertainty in measurements of Type Ia Supernova distances used to infer cosmological parameters. Uncertainties in the calibration can come from a variety of sources, e.g., measurements of the system throughput, the slope of the photometric response with wavelength as determined from spectral standards, and the relative consistency across the focal plane. The combination of these systematic uncertainties when propagated to a constraint on the nature of dark energy are roughly equal to the statistical constraints from over 1000 SN Ia. In what follows, we give a brief overview of the various types of calibration uncertainties and recent progress to reduce them.