Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The dynamic interplay between cardiac mitochondrial health and myocardial structural remodeling in metabolic heart disease, aging, and heart failure

This review provides a holistic perspective on the bi-directional relationship between cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction and myocardial structural remodeling in the context of metabolic heart disease, natural cardiac aging, and heart failure. First, a review of the physiologic and molecular drivers of cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction across a range of increasingly prevalent conditions such as metabolic syndrome and cardiac aging is presented, followed by a general review of the mechanisms of mitochondrial quality control (QC) in the heart. Several important mechanisms by which cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction triggers or contributes to structural remodeling of the heart are discussed: accumulated metabolic byproducts, oxidative damage, impaired mitochondrial QC, and mitochondrial-mediated cell death identified as substantial mechanistic contributors to cardiac structural remodeling such as hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis. Subsequently, the less studied but nevertheless important reverse relationship is explored: the mechanisms by which cardiac structural remodeling feeds back to further alter mitochondrial bioenergetic function. We then provide a condensed pathogenesis of several increasingly important clinical conditions in which these relationships are central: diabetic cardiomyopathy, age-associated declines in cardiac function, and the progression to heart failure, with or without preserved ejection fraction. Finally, we identify promising therapeutic opportunities targeting mitochondrial function in these conditions.
Participation in Household Physical Activity Lowers Mortality Risk in Chinese Women and Men

The health benefits of sport and physical exercise (SPE) have been well documented, while the influence of household physical activity (HPA) on health has received much less research attention. This study aims to provide epidemiologic insight into the role HPA plays in the development of all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD), respiratory disease (RESP), and cancer mortality in a nationwide cohort of Chinese adults. We conceived a prospective cohort comprising 30,791 participants aged ≥16 years from 25 provinces of China using data derived from baseline (2010) and 4 waves of follow-up (2012–2018) investigations of the China Family Panel Studies. Self-reported times of HPA and SPE were collected by interviewing participants with a standard questionnaire. Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the associations of HPA and SPE with all-cause, CVD, RESP, and cancer mortality, adjusting for demographic and socioeconomic factors, lifestyle behaviors, and health status. A restricted cubic spline smoother was used to investigate the dose–response relationships of HPA and SPE with mortality outcomes. Sex subgroup analyses were conducted to examine the potential effect disparity between men and women. To investigate the interactive effects of HPA and SPE, we calculated the relative excess risk due to the interaction and attributable proportion of additive effects to the total observed effects. During a median follow-up of 7.2 years, a total of 1,649 deaths occurred, with 209 cases from CVD, 123 from RESP, and 323 from cancer. HPA was identified to be associated with reduced mortality outcomes, suggesting remarkably reduced risks of 43–60% in all-cause mortality, 42–50% in CVD mortality, 36–71% in RESP mortality, and 38–46% in cancer mortality. In general, higher levels of HPA tended to be associated with lower risks. An approximately inverted J-shape association was identified between HPA and all-cause and cause-specific mortality, suggesting strong evidence for potential nonlinearity. Women performing HPA had a lower risk of all-cause, CVD, and cancer mortality. We did not identify significant evidence for additive interaction between HPA and SPE. HPA is independently associated with a reduced risk of mortality in Chinese women and men. More biological studies are needed to validate our findings and clarify the mechanisms underlying the association.
Correlation between charge transfer exciton recombination and photocurrent in polymer/fullerene solar cells

We correlate carrier recombination via charge transfer excitons (CTEs) with the short circuit current, Jsc, in polymer/fullerene solar cells. Near infrared photoluminescence spectroscopy of CTE in three blends differing for the fullerene acceptor, gives unique insights into solar cell characteristics. The energetic position of the CTE is directly correlated with the open-circuit voltage, Voc, and more important Jsc decreases with increasing CTE emission intensity. CTE emission intensity is discussed from the perspective of blend morphology. The work points out the fundamental role of CTE recombination and how optical spectroscopy can be used to derive information on solar cell performances.
The role of angular momentum in the splitting of isolated eddies

The question of which oceanic eddies can split and break up is addressed with the aid of two simplified analytical models which rely on the conservation of integrated angular momentum. First, an inviscid barotropic model with an initial round vortex is considered. The conditions necessary for the breakup of the vortex without exchanging angular momentum with its environment are examined. A solution for the final state is obtained without solving for the highly nonlinear transient splitting process. It is found that only cyclonic eddies meet the necessary condition for splitting — anticyclonic eddies can never split, no matter what their structure is . The cyclones are subject to a critical intensity above which breaking is possible and below which splitting is impossible. Specifically, cyclones with relative vorticity higher than f (where f is the (uniform) Coriolis parameter) can split into 2 eddies, whereas cyclones with a vorticity higher than f /3 can split into 3 or 4 vortices. The peculiar asymmetry between anticyclones and cyclones is a result of the conservation of integrated angular momentum. This can be demonstrated by noting that during the splitting process, the newly formed eddies are pushed away from their original center of rotation acquiring planetary torque. Therefore, in order for splitting to occur, the torque of the parent eddy must be large enough to accommodate for this addition of planetary torque. It turns out that only cyclones, which typically have more absolute angular momentum than their anticyclonic counterparts (because they rotate in the same sense as the spin of the earth), have enough torque to allow splitting. The above analysis is also applied to the splitting of a fully nonlinear zero potential vorticity lens. As in the barotropic anticyclonic cases, splitting is strictly impossible because the parent eddy does not have enough angular momentum. DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0870.1990. t01-2-00006.x
An Image Filter Arithmetic Based on Shearlets

Rician noise pollutes Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) image and makes later work worse. This paper proposed an filter algorithm which comprehensive utilize Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Shearlet transform. Firstly, it performs a wavelet multi-scale decomposition of image; then, it builds target function in GA; thirdly, it uses the GA to optimal coefficients of Shearlet wavelet threshold value in different scale and different orientation; finally, we obtain the composite image by using inverse lifting wavelet transform. Experimental results show that, the new algorithm presented here is much effective in removing Rician noise.
Signatures of chaos-induced mesoscopic entanglement

For a Bose–Einstein condensate in a double-well potential, time-periodic shaking can lead to the emergence of non-classical mesoscopic superpositions on very short timescales. It is suggested to experimentally detect these deviations from mean-field (Gross–Pitaevskii) behaviour by investigating both the variance of the particle number and the interference pattern. The disappearance of the interference pattern followed by its reappearance a short time later could serve as an experimental signature of mesoscopic entanglement.
Location-Dependent Augmented Reality Services in Wireless Edge-Enabled Metaverse Systems

Metaverse is envisioned as the next-generation paradigm that links a virtual world to the physical world, providing immersive experience for human activities in the hypothetical environment with augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) technology. Recent development of wireless multiaccess edge computing (MEC) has accelerated the realization of this vision. In this paper, we consider location-dependent AR services in MEC-enabled Metaverse systems. In such a system, each user performs simultaneous localization and communication first to estimate its position and request AR contents from the MEC server. Due to limited computation and communication resources, the MEC server adaptively adjusts the resolution of AR contents. However, two challenges arise in such a system. First, the localization error will degrade the user’s quality-of-experience (QoE); and second, the coupling of communication and computation complicates the resource management. To address these issues, we first model the QoE taking the localization errors into consideration, and then propose a minimum QoE maximization scheme to achieve fairness among users by jointly optimizing the waveform at users, the transmit power at the base station (BS), and the resolution of transmitted videos. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme in comparison with benchmark schemes.
Counting the corners of a random walk and its application to traffic flow

We study a system with two types of interacting particles on a one-dimensional lattice. Particles of the first type, which we call ‘active’, are able to detect particles of the second type (called ‘passive’). By relating the problem to a discrete random walk in one dimension with a fixed number of steps we determine the fraction of active and detected particles for both open and periodic boundary conditions as well as for the case where passive particles interact with both or only one neighbors. In the random walk picture, where the two particles types stand for steps in opposite directions, passive particles are detected whenever the resulting path has a corner. For open boundary conditions, it turns out that a simple mean field approximation reproduces the exact result if the particles interact with one neighbor only. A practical application of this problem is heterogeneous traffic flow with communicating and non-communicating vehicles. In this context communicating vehicles can be thought of as active particles which can by front (and rear) sensors detect the vehicle ahead (and behind) although these vehicles do not actively share information. Therefore, we also present simulation results which show the validity of our analysis for real traffic flow.
Lycium barbarum Polysaccharides Regulating miR-181/Bcl-2 Decreased Autophagy of Retinal Pigment Epithelium with Oxidative Stress

Disturbed structure and dysfunction of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) lead to degenerative diseases of the retina. Excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the RPE is thought to play an important role in RPE dysfunction and degeneration. Autophagy is a generally low-activity degradation process of cellular components that increases significantly when high levels of oxidative stress are present. Agents with antioxidant properties may decrease autophagy and provide protection against RPE dysfunction and damage caused by ROS. Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) has been widely studied as an antioxidant and cell-protective agent. Therefore, we designed this study to investigate the effects of LBP, which inhibits miR-181, on autophagy in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) with oxidative stress in vitro and in vivo. In the current study, we found that the highly expressed miR-181 downregulated the expression of Bcl-2 in hydrogen peroxide- (H2O2-) induced ARPE-19 cells, resulting in an increase in ROS, apoptosis, and autophagy flux. LBP inhibited the expression of miR-181, decreased the levels of ROS, apoptosis, and autophagy flux, and increased cell viability in H2O2-induced ARPE-19 cells, suggesting that LBP provides protection against oxidative damage in ARPE-19 cells. We also found that LBP decreased RPE atrophy and autophagy flux in rd10 mice. Taken together, the results showed that LBP has a protective effect for RPE under oxidative stress by inhibiting miR-181 and affecting the Bcl-2/Beclin1 autophagy signaling pathway.
Structure and physical properties of nanoclustered graphene synthesized from C60 fullerene under high pressure and high temperature

C60 treatment at 5–8 GPa, ∼1000 °C results in the fullerene cage collapse and transformation to a phase with outstanding mechanical properties. A detailed structural analysis of the phase reveals that it comprised 7–12 layer graphene clusters with lateral dimension of 2–4 nm. Raman spectra of the nanoclustered graphene phase are similar to those of disordered sp2 carbon structure with an admixture of sp3-bonded carbon. The phase is characterized by a high (up to 19 GPa) hardness, relatively low (about 70 GPa) Young modulus and up to 95% elastic recovery, determining excellent wear resistance and good antifriction properties.
Highest velocity ejecta of Cassiopeia A

CCD interference-filter images and spectroscopy of Cassiopeia A's outlying optical emission knots are presented. Six new high-velocity forbidden N II-emitting knots are identified, which increases the total now known to 15. New spectra of seven of these knots suggest high N abundances. Spectra, radial velocity, and proper motion data indicate that these outlying knots possess ejection velocities between 7000 and 8600 km/s and are probably material from the progenitor's outer layers. These observations suggest that the Cas A supernova had a maximum expansion velocity of at least 8500 km/s, a substantial nitrogen-rich but hydrogen-deficient envelope, an explosion date around A.D. 1680, and a W progenitor. Cas A's northeastern emission jet, which consists of sulfur-rich ejecta, appears to be an isolated, well-collimated structure extending at least 265 arcsec from the remnant center. Such radial distances imply ejection velocities of up to 11,000 km/s and at least a partially asymmetric stellar disruption. 25 references.
Experimental Tests of Methods for the Measurement of Rainfall Rate Using an Airborne Dual-Wavelength Radar

Abstract For a spaceborne meteorological radar, the use of frequencies above 10 GHz may be necessary to attain sufficient spatial resolution. As the frequency increases, however, attenuation by rain becomes significant. To extend the range of rain rates that can be accurately estimated, methods other than the conventional Z-R, or backscattering method, are needed. In this paper, tests are made of two attenuation-based methods using data from a dual-wavelength airborne radar operating at 3 cm and 0.87 cm. For the conventional dual-wavelength method, the differential attenuation is estimated from the relative decrease in the signal level with range. For the surface reference method, the attenuation is determined from the difference of surface return powers measured in the absence and the presence of rain. For purposes of comparison, and as an indication of the relative accuracies of the techniques, the backscattering, (Z-R), method, as applied to the 3 cm data, is employed. As the primary sources of error f.
Dynamics of homogeneous bubbly flows Part 2. Velocity fluctuations

Direct numerical simulations of the motion of up to 216 three-dimensional buoyant bubbles in periodic domains are presented. The bubbles are nearly spherical and have a rise Reynolds number of about 20. The void fraction ranges from 2% to 24%. Part 1 analysed the rise velocity and the microstructure of the bubbles. This paper examines the fluctuation velocities and the dispersion of the bubbles and the ‘pseudo-turbulence’ of the liquid phase induced by the motion of the bubbles. It is found that the turbulent kinetic energy increases with void fraction and scales with the void fraction multiplied by the square of the average rise velocity of the bubbles. The vertical Reynolds stress is greater than the horizontal Reynolds stress, but the anisotropy decreases when the void fraction increases. The kinetic energy spectrum follows a power law with a slope of approximately −3.6 at high wavenumbers.
Fruit Size and Quality Attributes Differ Between Competing Self-Pollinated and Cross-Pollinated Strawberry Fruit

ABSTRACT Strawberry flowers are hermaphroditic and most cultivars are self-compatible, but strawberry plants can produce a mixture of fruit that have arisen from self-pollination and cross-pollination. We aimed to determine whether size, shape, color, taste attributes and shelf life differ between self-pollinated and cross-pollinated fruit competing on the same Redlands Joy strawberry plant. Experiments were repeated at three fertilizer levels to determine the consistency of responses across different levels of crop nutrition. Cross-pollinated fruits were 4.2%–7.5% heavier and 2.7%–5.0% longer than self-pollinated fruits, with the differences being greater at lower levels of nutrient supply. They were also darker or redder than self-pollinated fruits. Cross-pollinated fruits sometimes had lower °Brix (sugar) or lower acidity than self-pollinated fruits, with the effect on sugar:acid ratio depending on the nutrient level. The shelf life of cross-pollinated fruits was approximately 4 days longer than self-pollinated fruits on plants that received medium or high levels of fertilizer. The results suggest that pollen-parent effects on fruit size become evident when self- and cross-pollinated strawberry fruits compete for resources on the same plant, and that the expression of pollen-parent effects can be affected by the level of crop nutrition.
"We want to push the industry via communication"... Designing Communication Measures to Foster Gender Diversity in a Video Game Company

Participation of women in IT is still low and companies wonder which external communication measures are necessary to attract more female personnel. To gain a richer understanding of adequate gender sensitive ways of communicating towards girls and women, one needs to take into account contextual challenges. Following a Participatory Action Research approach, we conducted a qualitative field study in a video game company in a large city in Germany, identified areas of concern, and sketched out implications for gender-sensitive communication measures together with our participants. Findings show that addressing gender stereotypes, making role models visible, and using adequate channels is relevant. Some problems might be solved via short-term solutions, but the majority require a long-term perspective. Our lessons learned leave implications for companies in the IT sector who want to foster gender sensitive external communication measures and can contribute to the realization of more gender balanced working environments.
Analysis of a link between fall Arctic sea ice concentration and atmospheric patterns in the following winter

ABSTRACT The impact of anomalous fall Arctic sea ice concentrations (SICs) on atmospheric patterns in the following winter is revisited by analysing results for two time periods: the most recent, satellite-era period (1979–2010) and a longer time-period (1950–2010). On the basis of September SICs for each time-period, an index was constructed which was used to identify anomalous high/low SIC years for both the original, as well as for the linearly detrended sea ice index. Identified years were then used to derive composites for the following winter's monthly atmospheric variables. Mid-troposphere geopotential height composites for winter months are in general reminiscent of the North Atlantic Oscillation pattern with high latitude maximum shifted towards the Barents Sea. Also, lower troposphere temperatures indicate the presence of cooler conditions over the continents during low SIC years. However, differences in the composite patterns are significant only for areas with limited spatial extent. While suggested pathways in previously published studies seem reasonable, our results show that these findings are not yet robust enough from a statistical significance perspective. More data (e.g. provided by longer, climate-quality reanalysis datasets) are needed before conclusions of impacts and feedbacks can be drawn with certainty.
Strong coupling schemes for interaction of thin‐walled structures and incompressible flows

The contribution addresses the specific physical sensitivity inherent in the interaction of slender structures like membranes or shells and instationary incompressible flows and its consequences for numerical solution schemes. Different partitioned strong coupling approaches are presented and compared with respect to their efficiency. In addition to the classical block Gauss–Seidel iteration and a Newton–Krylov approach, a two‐level coupling scheme is introduced. It is based on a coarse grid predictor followed by the usual iterative fine‐scale solution. The performance of the three coupling schemes is investigated applying a two‐dimensional model problem of a membrane roof. Three‐dimensional numerical examples demonstrate the mechanical and numerical sensitivity for these especially delicate fluid–structure interaction problems. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A compact 5G band N77 bandpass filter with multiple zeros based on GaAs integrated passive device process

In this paper, a compact 5G band N77 bandpass filter (BPF) with multiple zeros is designed based on GaAs integrated passive device (IPD) process. The BPF consists of lumped capacitors and inductors. Hybrid resonator technology which consists of a combination of shunt and series resonant tanks are proposed to produce six transmission zeros in the stopband and significantly improve the filter selectivity. In addition, a series resonator at the output port of the filter was introduced to produce another transmission zero at the upper stopband and further improve the stopband suppression. Meanwhile, to reduce the area and insertion loss of the filter, a stacked inductor is designed by using IPD technology, which can greatly reduce the area and size of the filter. The minimum insertion loss is 1.782 dB. The size of the entire BPF is 1.3 mm × 0.7 mm.
Multilevel Fusion of Multispectral Images to Detect the Artificially Ripened Banana

Automatic detection of artificially ripened fruits based on a nondestructive approach has recently gained significant attention. This work explores the inherent properties of multispectral imaging to distinguish between natural and artificially ripened bananas. The proposed method combines the prediction scores computed from the support vector machine on the individual and fused spectral bands images to detect the artificially ripened banana. Extensive analyses are performed on 5760 banana images captured in eight different spectrum bands covering visible and near-infra-red ranges. Obtained results indicate the average detection accuracy of $97.1\pm 3.6\%$, thereby illustrating our proposed work's applicability.