Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mortality gap associated with mental disorders in the Czech Republic

The overall goal of this work was to stimulate and inform an evidence-based reform of mental health care in central and eastern Europe. A mix of quantitative and qualitative methods was used to analyse changes in mental health care provision during last 25 years; to deterministically link registries of mental health inpatient discharges and causes of death and assess standardized mortality ratio and causes of deaths; to explore the nature of stigma-related burden. We linked data of 283,618 individuals and demonstrated up to three-times higher mortality compared to the general population in the Czech Republic. Further, we demonstrated the pervasive nature of mental health-related stigma and discrimination in the country. Key recommendations for policy- and decision makers were formulated and communicated to the leading group of the Czech mental health-care reforms and through a WHO regional meeting and report on “Culture and reform of mental health care in CEE”.
Out of bounds? The boundary specification problem for centrality in psychological networks.

The analysis of psychological networks has become common in multiple subfields including clinical, social, and personality psychology, where the focus is often on identifying highly central nodes that represent symptoms, beliefs, or traits. However, the boundaries of these networks are often ambiguous and relevant nodes are often missing from the network. In this article, we use a series of simulations to show that even under typical conditions of missingness, the centrality of nodes in an empirical psychological network are poorly correlated or uncorrelated with their centrality in a hypothetical "true" psychological network, and thus are invalid. We illustrate the implications of this lack of validity using an empirical example drawn from a recent study of political belief system networks, demonstrating that the original study would have drawn incorrect conclusions about American's most central political beliefs. We conclude by recommending that centrality measures should be computed and interpreted only in psychological networks that include (nearly) all the nodes inside a theoretically meaningful boundary. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
COMPARATIVE GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND ACTIVITY OF DEFENSE RELATED ENZYMES AND GENE EXPRESSION IN RUBBER CLONES AGAINST RIGIDOPORUS MICROPORUS INFECTION

Rigidoporus microporus is the causal agent of rubber white root disease (WRD). Control of this is commonly carried out by chemical treatment. The use of tolerant rootstocks may present an effective method to lessen its impact. The screening of rubber rootstocks for tolerance of WRD was investigated by both defense-related enzymes and gene expression, and assessment of disease symptoms.Two recommended clones in Thailand (RRIT251 and RRIT408) and RRIM623 (Malaysian clone) were screened and compared with susceptible clones (RRIM600 and BPM24) and tolerant clone (PB5/51) by inoculating young rubber seedling with R. microporus. The expression of PRs and PAL were analyzed at 0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 days post inoculation (dpi) along with the defense-related enzyme activities. Based on observed transcriptional level of PRs and PAL genes, CHI, PAL, and POD enzyme activities, and also evidence from WRD symptom assessment in the field, we concluded that PB 5/51 had the best tolerance with the lowest disease incidence, high PAL and POD enzyme activities, with the next best being RRIM 623 and RRIT 251, respectively. Meanwhile, BPM 24, RRIM 600, and RRIT 408 clones are moderately susceptible to WRD. The study introduces new possibilities for the control of WRD using alternative rubber rootstock clones.
Observations on the Instrumental Measurements of Liquid Food Stickiness

While we encounter sticky liquids in our daily life and are able to discriminate between them, instrumental measurements of stickiness are difficult to match to those that relate to our perception. In this paper, we examine some of the factors that influence instrumental measurements of stickiness in liquid foods. The shortcomings of using the maximum peak or the area under the curve are discussed, and a hitherto unused measure, the gradient of the force–distance curve, is suggested as a measure of tension per unit contact area. The zero-perimeter virtual probe, which compensates for the changing meniscus and mass of liquid below it, is introduced. This zero-perimeter approach allows us to extrapolate measures of stickiness such as the gradient of the force–distance curve or the area below that curve. Despite the zero-perimeter correction, there is still a speed dependency on results from instrumentally measured stickiness (for all indexes considered). The speed of the test is responsible for the type of failure (cohesive or adhesive) reported by other authors.
Synthesis, photophysical properties and cation-binding studies of bipyridine-functionalized gold(I) complexes

Gold(I) has been used as an interlocking center to design five phenyl-bipyridine based complexes [LAu(L1)] and [RAu(L2)] where L1 = 5-(4-ethynylphenyl)-2,2′-bipyridine and L2 = 5-(4-(diphenylphosphino)phenyl)-2,2′-bipyridine (L = P(C6H11)3, 1; C6H3(CH3)2NC, 2; R = Ph2OHCC2, 3; PhC2, 4; C6F5, 5). The obtained compounds have been characterized by polynuclear NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. Investigation of their UV-Vis absorption and emission characteristics has been supported by density functional theory (DFT) calculations that rationalize the tunable electronic properties of these compounds. Complexation of the metal cations and the corresponding optical responses of [LAu(L1)], in particular for Cd(II) and Pb(II), indicate the important role of gold(I) ions in modulating the luminescence characteristics of these species upon binding the analyte cations.
Opportunities for Crop Research, Development and Adoption to Drive Transformative Adaptation in Agriculture

Climate change is already affecting crop production, and in some cases is undermining the viability of current crop systems. Crop research and development plays a critical role in developing the technologies and practices farmers need to maximize productivity and manage the increasing risks they face. This paper investigates how transformative adaptation - long-term, systemic change to fundamental aspects of systems in response to or anticipation of severe climate change impacts – can be sped up and scaled through crop research and development. The paper explains why transformative adaptation is needed in cropping systems, how seeds systems play a key role in these systemic shifts, and what changes are needed in crop research and development to enable climate-resilient transformations. The paper concludes by providing recommendations for researchers, policymakers, and adaptation funding entities.
Relationship Between Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) Index, Body Composition and Blood Biochemical Markers in Overweight /Obese Compared to Normal Weight Subjects

Background and aim: Obesity is an important preventable disease, which promotes the development of multiple chronic disorders by altering several factors including oxidative stress. Dietary antioxidants protect the body against oxidative stress. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential association of oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) index with obesity and its associated biochemical factors in adults. Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional study of 157 adult females and males in two groups of normal weight and overweight /obesity. General characteristics were registered and a 147-item food frequency questionnaire was completed for every participant. Thereafter, anthropometric measurements were conducted. Biochemical indices were obtained from the Electronic Health Clinic Database of science and Research branch of Islamic Azad University (SRBIAU) of Tehran, Iran. The amount of the dietary ORAC index was estimated using the data provided by the USDA Foods Table. Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference between the normal and overweight/obese groups in terms of weight, body mass index (BMI), waist to hip ratio (WHR), visceral fat level, body fat mass and body fat percentage (P=0.0001). Participants with normal weight consumed more fruits and vegetables than individuals in another group. Also, the dietary ORAC index in normal individuals was higher than the case group, but there was not significant difference (P=0.222). There was also a significant inverse correlation between dietary ORAC and BMI and WHR, whereas a significant positive correlation between dietary ORAC and plasma levels of HDL was observed (P<0.05). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that consumption of antioxidants from dietary sources is inversely associated with BMI and other measurements of adiposity, fasting blood glucose (FBG), triglyceride (TG), total Cholesterol (TC) and LDL in both groups. It seems that following a diet rich in antioxidants can counteract obesity and its associated comorbidities.
Development of a CD22-specific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) for the adoptive T cell therapy of leukemia and lymphoma

Ex vivo engineering of patient T cells for the specific redirection toward cancer cells is a promising immunotherapeutic strategy to treat hematological malignancies. In this doctoral thesis, a novel CD22 specific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) was generated for the adoptive T cell therapy of CD22 positive leukemia and lymphoma. The humanized anti-CD22 (hCD22) single chain variable fragment (scFv) was used as antigen binding domain of a third generation CAR, comprising the signal transduction domains CD3ζ, CD28 and 4-1BB. Due to its high affinity and biophysical stability, the hCD22 scFv was compared to the murine anti-CD22 antibody fragment (mCD22) in terms of scFv and CAR stability. Furthermore, to enhance clinical CAR efficacy and CAR safety, the hCD22 CAR was optimized by mutagenesis. Stability experiments revealed that the mCD22 scFv has a high stability in human serum, comparable to its derived hCD22 scFv. CD22 specific activation of T cells expressing the corresponding hCD22 or mCD22 CAR proved biophysical stability of both scFv derived CARs. By mutating the hCD22 CAR human Fc spacer domain (ΔFc), binding to human Fc receptor expressing cells was blocked, thus reducing on-target, off-tumor CAR related toxicity. The blocking of interleukin-2 (IL-2) secretion caused by the LCK mutation introduced in the hCD22 CAR CD28 signaling domain (ΔCD28) needs to be further investigated as absence of IL-2 release was observed for both the parental and the mutated hCD22 CAR variants. Specific CAR T cell activation was observed for the parental, the ΔFc, the ΔCD28 and the double mutated ΔFc-ΔCD28 hCD22 CAR confirming that both introduced mutations did not affect CAR efficacy in vitro. However, the ΔFc-ΔCD28 hCD22 CAR exhibited a slightly lower anti-tumor efficacy in comparison to the ΔFc, the ΔCD28 and the parental hCD22 CAR. By additionally engineering the hCD22 scFv to further improve the stability of the derived ΔFc-ΔCD28 CAR, CAR T cell activation was not enhanced. This doctoral thesis provides the basis for the clinical development of a novel CD22 CAR T cell therapy for the treatment of CD22 positive leukemia and lymphoma.
The Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Ethiopian Population: A Protocol for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Background: The metabolic syndrome is a clustering of hyperglycemia/insulin resistance, hypertension, dyslipidemia and obesity which are risk factors for cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, stroke and all-cause mortality. The burden of metabolic syndrome is emerging alarmingly in low-and middle income countries like Ethiopia. This is the protocol to determine the pooled prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Ethiopian population.Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis will include original articles of observational studies published in the English language. Searches will be carried out in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Africa Journals up to April 2019. A Fixed/Random-effect model will be used to estimate the pooled prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Ethiopia. Heterogeneity will be assessed using I² statistic. Sub-group analysis will also be conducted based on sex, study subjects, and methodological differences. Funnel plots and egger’s and Begg’s test will be used to asses publication bias.Ethics and dissemination: The review is based on published data; therefore, ethical approval is not required. The systematic review and meta-analysis will summarize the existing data on the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Ethiopian population. This provides the empirical evidence necessary for researchers, policy-makers, and public health stakeholders to derive health-promoting policies, allocate resources, and set priorities for monitoring future trends. The final result will be presented at annual scientific meetings, conferences, and seminars. Moreover, it will also be published in the peer-reviewed reputable journal. We also plan to review every 5 years to provide updated information.Protocol registration number: PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42018090944)
Does tooth extraction and perioperative medication affect PT-INR of patients taking warfarin?

Background: Various antibiotics and analgesics have been reported to interact with warfarin. Reports that investigate the effects of medication taken for just a few days during tooth extraction on the prothrombin time-international normalized ratio (PT-INR) are rare. Methods: A total of 110 patients receiving long-term stable warfarin therapy underwent tooth extraction without interruption of warfarin treatment. INR values were measured one month before the tooth extraction, the day of the extraction, and one week after the extraction. We investigated the changes of INR values between the day of extraction and one week after the extraction, as well as the various risk factors for increases in INR values.Results: Before and after tooth extraction, the number of patients taking cefcapene pivoxil, amoxicillin, and azithromycin was 57, 36, and 8, respectively. Nine patients were administered ampicillin before tooth extraction and received amoxicillin after their tooth extraction. One week after tooth extraction, the INR values increased beyond the therapeutic range in 3 out of 110 patients (2.7%). The INR values before tooth extraction in these three patients were close to 3.0. The INR value increased by more than twice as much in 1 of 110 patients (0.9%). Conclusion: When a tooth extraction is performed in patients taking warfarin, certain factors could increase the INR, such as interaction between warfarin and antibiotics or analgesics, post-extraction inflammation or infection, and eating disorders due to post-extraction pain. However, our results suggest that it has little effect on the INR values one week after extraction.
Terpyridine-Containing Imine-Rich Graphene for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction

We report a facile synthetic method for the preparation of a terpyridine-containing imine-rich graphene (IrGO-Tpy) using an acid-catalyzed dehydration reaction between graphene oxide (GO) and 4′-(aminophenyl)-2,2′:6′2″-terpyridine. Owing to the presence of terpyridine ligands, cobalt ions (Co2+) were readily incorporated into the IrGO-Tpy structures, affording a metal complex, denoted IrGo-Tpy-Co. Cyclic voltammetry and linear sweep voltammetry measurements confirm the noticeable oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activities of the IrGo-Tpy and IrGo-Tpy-Co electroacatalysts in alkaline electrolytes, along with the additional merits of high selectivity, excellent long-term durability, and good resistance to methanol crossover. In addition, a remarkable improvement in the ORR performance was observed for IrGO-Tpy-Co compared with that of IrGo-Tpy, arising from the significant contribution of the cobalt-terpyridine complex in facilitating the ORR process.
Sensitive detection of Japanese encephalitis virus by surface molecularly imprinted technique based on fluorescent method

This study demonstrated fluorescent detection of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) by surface molecularly imprinted technique. After dansyl chloride (DNS-Cl) was immobilized on silica microspheres (SiMP) with JEV as the template, (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) as the monomer and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as the cross-linker was mixed with SiMP, and the polymerization was performed in mild condition. After polymerization, templates were removed to obtain JEV-imprinted polymers (JEV-MIPs). The obtained JEV-MIPs can selectively recognize JEV in the presence of Hepatitis A virus (HAV), Simian virus 40 (SV40) and Rabies virus (RV), and also sensitively detect JEV with a picomolar detection limit.
Comprehensive assessment of rheumatoid hand using cluster analysis involving parameter analysis of three major hand deformities: a cross-sectional and longitudinal study

Background Although drug therapy in rheumatoid arthritis has recently improved, treating established rheumatoid hand consisting of three major deformities—thumb deformity, finger deformities, and ulnar drift—remains a challenge. Underlying complex pathophysiology makes it difficult to comprehensively understand these deformities, and comprehensive assessment methods require accumulated skill and long learning curves. We aimed to establish an easier composite method of understanding the pathophysiology using data from our cohort and cluster analysis. Methods We established a rheumatoid hand cohort in 2004, and clinically evaluated 134 hands (67 patients). We repeated the evaluations in 2009 and 2015, which provided data for 297 hands and 43 hands for cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses, respectively. Thumb deformities, finger deformities (swan-neck and boutonnière deformity), and ulnar drift were semi-quantified and entered as parameters into a two-step cluster (cross-sectional) analysis. Parameter distributions were considered to clarify each cluster’s characteristics. Next, hands with cluster change over the study period were reviewed to clarify deformity progression (longitudinal analysis). We also performed a stratified analysis between the clusters and the affected period to clarify whether long affected period plays an important role in deformity progression. Results We identified seven clusters: cluster 1: mild finger deformities; cluster 2: type 1 thumb deformity; cluster 3: type 2 thumb deformity and severe ulnar drift; cluster 4: type 3 or 4 thumb deformity and low or moderate swan-neck deformity; cluster 5: various thumb deformities and severe boutonnière deformity; cluster 6: type 1 thumb deformity and severe swan-neck deformity; and cluster 7: type 6 thumb deformity. The ulnar drift parameters were equally distributed among the clusters except for cluster 3. Larger cluster numbers generally indicated lower function. At the study endpoint, cluster 1 had changed mainly to cluster 2 or 4, cluster 2 changed to cluster 3, and cluster 7 was considered the final morphology with the lowest hand function. Patients affected for > 30 years had increased risk of rapid disability progression. Conclusions Our comprehensive assessment indicated seven deformity patterns and a progressive course in rheumatoid hand. Using patterns may provide rheumatologists with easier information for practical interventions and to determine functional prognosis.
An Unusual Presentation of Brenner Tumor from Northern Pakistan

A 66-year-old post-menopausal woman presented in oncology department of AECH NORI, with the history of progressively increasing abdominal distension for about 6 months. It was not associated with pain or any other urinary or gynecological symptoms. Her ultrasound abdomen pelvis was done which showed no mass lesion and normal sized ovary on left side while there was a complex lesion measuring 138x12.8x8. 2 cm in right adnexa. Right ovary was not separately visualized. Her CT scan showed a large well defined, soft tissue attenuation complex pelvis mass measuring 12.7x10. 7x13.8cm in midline slightly more towards right; the lesion had solid as well as cystic components with areas of calcification but no internal fat. No pelvic lymph node enlargement or fluid collection was seen. Patient underwent exploratory laparotomy. Total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy was done and peritoneal washings were taken On gross examination the left ovary was 3x1.5x1cm and was attached to fallopian tube, cut surface of the ovary was unremarkable, while the specimen of right ovary comprised of a cyst attached to fallopian tube, the cyst was 14x12 cm and fallopian tube 10x0.3cm in size. It showed solid and cystic areas, it contained yellowish fluid and foci of necrosis were seen.
Der Einfluss elterlicher Bildungsaspirationen auf die Abbruchneigung von Studierenden

Eine Vielzahl an Forschungsergebnissen belegt mittlerweile, dass relevante Bezugsgruppen wie Eltern oder Peers den Bildungserfolg von Kindern und Jugendlichen mitbestimmen. Neben dem sozioökonomischen Status nehmen vorhandene Bildungsaspirationen von Eltern eine wichtige Rolle ein (Stocké 2013, 2014 a, b). Vor allem im Hinblick auf den Übergang von der Grundschule zu den weiterführenden Schulen, aber auch im Zusammenhang mit dem Erreichen eines bestimmten Schulabschlusses oder in Bezug auf die Entscheidung für oder gegen ein Studium belegen empirische Studien, dass elterliche Bildungsaspirationen eine bedeutsame Rolle spielen (Becker/Hecken 2008). Für den Studienerfolg oder den Studienabbruch liegen bisher jedoch keine Untersuchungen vor. Gerade der Studienabbruch und die oftmals dem Ereignis vorangehende Studienabbruchneigung haben in letzter Zeit zunehmend an Aufmerksamkeit erfahren (Heublein et al. 2017). Darüber hinaus zeigen bisherige Befunde zum Einfluss relevanter Bezugspersonen jedoch, dass mit zunehmendem Alter die Bildungsaspirationen der Lernenden selbst mehr in den Vordergrund treten und dabei diejenigen der Eltern zurückgehen (Stocké 2013). Es stellt sich entsprechend die Frage, inwieweit elterliche Bildungsaspirationen für eine Studienabbruchneigung überhaupt eine Rolle spielen, insbesondere dann, wenn für weitere zentrale Einflüsse der Studierenden und der Studienbedingungen kontrolliert wird. Der folgende Beitrag wendet sich der Frage zu, inwieweit elterliche Bildungsaspirationen und die Bildungsaspirationen der Studierenden selbst im Zusammenhang stehen mit der Abbruchneigung von Studierenden. Analysiert werden die Daten des Oldenburger Studierendenpanels, welche im Rahmen der BMBF-Förderlinie „Studienerfolg und Studienabbruch“ erhoben wurden (siehe ausführlicher zu den Daten Kapitel 2 in diesem Band). Neben empirischen Deskriptionen und Querschnittsanalysen erfolgen Panelregressionen, um den Einfluss elterlicher Bildungsaspirationen über den Studienverlauf zu analysieren. 1