Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Boundedness of value regions and convergence of continued fractions

If the elements of a continued fraction are restricted to lie within some region E of the complex plane, it is quite often possible to determine, with very little difficulty, where the approximants of the continued fraction lie. Generally, it is more difficult to determine whether every continued fraction with elements from this set E is convergent. In this paper, we give some results which, in certain cases, reduce the question of convergence to the question of whether the set of approximants is bounded. 1. We will be concerned with two forms of the continued fraction
Some Theorems about Formal Functions

It is well-known that in algebraic geometry there are very few nontrivial problems about continuation of objects from open subsets, which is a big difference to analytic geometry. So we may expect that in the algebraic version of analytic geometry, formal geometry, there are some interesting problems of this kind, and this assumption is supported by the following paper. In there we take a local ring which is complete in some */-adic topology and consider the formal scheme obtained by completing the spectrum of our local ring along the closed subscheme defined by */. As all interesting formal objects on this formal scheme stem from objects on the usual spectrum of our local ring, we remove a closed subset. After that there may exist nonalgebraic formal objects, and such objects are characterized by the fact that there is no continuation of them to the whole formal scheme. The objects we are interested in are formal meromorphic functions and formal subsheaves of algebraic formal sheaves. As it is the case in analytic geometry these two cases are connected, and any result about one of them implies a corresponding result about the other. As application of our theory we prove certain results about connectedness, including a generalization of Zariski's connectedness-theorem. I express my gratitude to Professor Hironaka for some very stimulating discussion, and to the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft for support during the last year.
Local–Global Feature-Aware Transformer Based Residual Network for Hyperspectral Image Denoising

Hyperspectral images (HSIs) are generally distorted by various types of damage and degradation due to limited imaging conditions. Hence, noise reduction is an essential process before HSI interpretations and applications. In this article, a novel local–global feature-aware transformer based residual network (FATR) is proposed for HSI denoising. First, a spatial–spectral feature extraction module is built to extract spatial and spectral shallow features simultaneously. Second, these spatial–spectral features are forwarded to the deep feature extraction module, which contains several local–global feature-aware transformer blocks, where contextual information as well as local and global information can be further aggregated by multiscale windows transformer layers. Finally, in the reconstruction module, different hierarchical features from branches of two modules are merged into the final restoration to recover clean HSIs. Extensive experiments on both synthetic and real-world data demonstrate that the model has a better ability to restore HSIs in terms of evaluation metrics and visual assessments.
Dynamical kernel of the Aladin–NH spectral limited‐area model: Revised formulation and sensitivity experiments

Drawing from the results of theoretical studies about the behaviour of constant‐coefficients semi‐implicit schemes, the dynamical kernel of the Aladin–NH spectral limited‐area numerical weather prediction (NWP) model has been modified in order to allow for a stable and efficient integration of the fully elastic Euler equations. The resulting dynamical kernel offers the possibility to use semi‐Lagrangian transport schemes together with two‐time‐level discretizations at kilometric scales for NWP purposes. The main characteristics of the adiabatic part of the model formulation and the space and time discretization are described in this article. In order to illustrate the dependence of the results on adjustable parameters of the dynamical kernel, some real‐case dynamical‐adaptation forecasts performed with a basic physical parameterization package are presented. The results obtained with this model in real‐case experiments fully confirm the conclusions drawn in previous numerical analysis studies. The good quality of the results is found to be compatible with a routine exploitation in a NWP framework. The Aladin–NH dynamical kernel has been used in the operational NWP ‘AROME’ model since December 2008 at the kilometric scale, with an appropriate physical parameterization package and data assimilation system. Copyright © 2010 Royal Meteorological Society and Crown Copyright.
Application of statistical reduced isometry property to design of line arrays for compressive beamforming

The Statistical Reduced Isometry Property (StRIP) and Statistical Null Space Property (SNSP) are presented and reduced to numerical algorithms. These properties are used to predict the utility of a specific subsampled array for use in compressive sensing. Three examples of subsampling an equally spaced array are presented: random, Golomb and Wichmann. The Golomb array uses a Golomb ruler that has no repeated sensor element spacings. The Wichmann array includes at least one of every possible interval of sensor element spacings. The SNSP is shown to be insensitive to subsampling in the type of cases shown. The Golomb array is predicted to have superior performance to the Wichmann for comparable subsampling. The use of these two subsamplings for beamforming using at-sea data from the Five Octave Research Array (FORA) is shown. [Research funded by the Office of Naval Research. ]
Relation of chaos activity characteristics of the cardiac system with the evolution of species

According to the nonlinear theory, the experiments have been conducted on sample ECG (electrocardiogram) signals of healthy human beings, coronary heart disease patients and adult canines. On the basis of the analyses of the power spectra, the computation of the correlation dimension and the Lyapunov exponent to a large number of ECG signals, the following conclusions are shown: through the comparative research, (1) the analyses of the power spectra, the computation of the correlation dimension and the Lyapunov exponent to the ECG signals reflect the whole dynamic characteristics of the hearts, and they may become a new method of researching ECG quantitatively to an early diagnose of heart disease. (2) Under normal physiological conditions the cardiac activities are chaotic, while under pathologic conditions the cardiac activities approach regularity. (3) On the basis of the comparative research of human beings and canines, it is revealed that chaos may be a quantitative index to measure the evolution of species. This conclusion would supply a new cut-in point to elaborate the Darwin theory, and it would enable us to explain the life theory renewably using the basic principle of nonlinear theory.
Potent Bioactivity of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from Moringa oleifera Leaves

Plant species are known to harbor large number of endophytes, which stays in plant tissues as symbionts. These endophytes secrete large array of bioactive compounds that have potency against certain diseases with no side effects. We have collected leaf samples of the Moringa oleifera plant from the Pakistan Forest Institute, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan for the isolation of beneficial endophytes. The strains isolated from the leaves of M. oleifera were coded with MOL and tested for antimicrobial, antifungal, germicidal, phytotoxic, insecticidal, cytotoxic, and anti-inflammatory activities. The isolates, MOL1, MOL16, MOL19, and MOL21, possessed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, whereas MOL7 inhibited 55% of the growth of Escherichia coli. MOL3 inhibited the growth of E. coli, S. aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The strains, MOL1 and MOL7, showed antifungal activity against Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, while the strains, MOL11 and MOL17, showed activity against Verticillium chlamydosporium. The isolates, MOL3, MOL7, MOL9, MOL15, MOL17, MOL18, and MOL19, inhibited the growth of Lemna minor (duckweed) at 100 μg/ml. MOL2 exhibited strong activity in the brine shrimp assay, while MOL1, MOL2, MOL5, MOL6, MOL12, MOL17, MOL19, and MOL20 showed insecticidal, and MOL3 demonstrated larvicidal and antileishmanial activity. The isolated potent endophytes were identified as Aspergillus, Penicillium, Fusarium, Tricoderma, Rhizoctonia, Mucor, Alternaria, Pestalotiopsis, Acremonium, and Cladosporium through morphological and microscopic characteristics of the colonies.
University of Birmingham Reprint of

New-generation high-ﬁeld superconducting magnets pose a challenge relating to the protection of the coil winding pack in the case of a quench. The high stored energy per unit volume calls for a very efﬁcient quench detection and fast quench propagation in order to avoid damage due to overheating. A new protection system called Coupling-Loss Induced Quench (CLIQ) was recently developed and tested at CERN. This method provokes a fast change in the magnet transport current by means of a capacitive discharge. The resulting change in the local magnetic ﬁeld induces inter-ﬁlament and inter-strand coupling losses which heat up the superconductor and eventually initiate a quench in a large fraction of the coil winding pack.
Studying Peptide-Metal Ion Complex Structures by Solution-State NMR

Metal chelation can provide structural stability and form reactive centers in metalloproteins. Approximately one third of known protein structures are metalloproteins, and metal binding, or the lack thereof, is often implicated in disease, making it necessary to be able to study these systems in detail. Peptide-metal complexes are both present in nature and can provide a means to focus on the binding region of a protein and control experimental variables to a high degree. Structural studies of peptide complexes with metal ions by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) were surveyed for all the essential metal complexes and many non-essential metal complexes. The various methods used to study each metal ion are presented together with examples of recent research. Many of these metal systems have been individually reviewed and this current overview of NMR studies of metallopeptide complexes aims to provide a basis for inspiration from structural studies and methodology applied in the field.
Automated Registration of Large Assemblies with Robot Guided 3D Sensors and CAD-based Planning

: We address the problem of automated inspection of rivets and brackets in aircraft fuselage shells with a robot guided 3D-sensor. High variety of such assemblies requires that an inspection automatically compares acquired 3D data to the CAD model representing the assembly. For this purpose, a precise sensor pose with respect to the fuselage shell coordinate system is needed. In this industrial context, the current set-up can deviate from the model by few centimeters which is too much for inspection. We present an automated registration method, which does not need further sensors for tracking. This method reduces the deviation between measured points and the CAD model to few tenth of a millimeter in regions with no assembly defect. Therefore, we find automatically measurement positions for registration which cover all degrees of freedom. The algorithm for registering the 3D points to the CAD model avoids the assignment of points to faces which cannot be reached by the sensor, and parts to be inspected. In addition, local registration can deal with slight deformation of the fuselage shell.
Racial inequality in functional trajectories between Black and White U.S. veterans

Racial inequality in functional trajectories has been well documented in the U.S. civilian population but has not been explored among Veterans. Our objectives were to: (1) assess how functional trajectories differed for Black and White Veterans aged ≥50 and (2) explore how socioeconomic, psychosocial, and health‐related factors altered the relationship between race and function.
Note on Ferroelectric Domain Switching

A phenomenological theory is given for ferroelectric domain switching. It takes into account the initial size of a reversed nucleus and also the shape of domains. It is shown that the Avrami theorem can be easily derived if we utilize Kolmogorov's method. We solved the problems under two assumptions: one is the constant nucleation rate throughout the switching period and the order is the assumption of latent nuclei of a given definite number and no further nucleations, The i max t max / P s values of several ferroelectrics reported so far summarized and discussed in the light of the present theory.
Generative and discriminant feature extraction with supervised learning

Standard unsupervised feature extraction methods such as PCA and ICA provide representative features and latent variables which minimizes the data reconstruction error. These generative features may be common to all data, and may not be optimal for classification tasks. The discriminate ICA (dICA) and discriminant NMF (dNMF) had recently been proposed which jointly maximizes Fisher linear discriminant and Negentropy of the extracted features. Motivated by independence among features and modified Fisher linear discriminant, the new algorithm extracts features with both generative and discriminant powers. Then, the features are further fine-tuned by supervised learning. Experimental results show excellent recognition performance with these features.
Electronic structure and optical properties of Ag3PO4 photocatalyst calculated by hybrid density functional method

The electronic structure and optical properties of Ag3PO4 were studied by hybrid density functional theory. The results indicated that the band gap is 2.43 eV, which agrees well with the experimental value of 2.45 eV. The conduction bands of Ag3PO4 are mainly attributable to Ag 5s and 5p states, while the valence bands are dominated by O 2p and Ag 4d states. The highest valence band edge potential was 2.67 V (vs. normal hydrogen electrode), which has enough driving force for photocatalytic water oxidation and pollutants degradation. The optical absorption spectrum showed that Ag3PO4 is a visible light response photocatalyst.
Continuum of care and longitudinal recovery in a 17-year-old athlete with second impact syndrome

ABSTRACT Second impact syndrome (SIS) is an uncommon, but devastating sports-related structural brain injury that results from a second head injury before complete recovery from an initial concussion. The pathophysiology of second impact syndrome is poorly understood, but is hypothesized to involve loss of autoregulation, diffuse cerebral edema, with progression to rapid brain herniation syndromes. Here, we present a case of second impact syndrome in an adolescent high school football player who experienced acute brain herniation and coma. Following stabilization, the patient underwent comprehensive, multidisciplinary rehabilitation in order to achieve significant recovery. A narrative detailing the patient’s recovery from one-year post-injury is reviewed.
Investigation on L‐shaped planar antennas

An L‐shaped planar antenna is investigated numerically and validated experimentally. The effect of varying the ratio of the height of vertical segment to the length of horizontal segment is examined in relation to the impedance bandwidth, radiation pattern, and mode of operation. The study shows that the L‐shaped planar antennas with different height‐to‐length ratios operate in different modes and feature distinct impedance and radiation characteristics.
Research and implementation of real time music visualization

Music is a unique artistic form of expression. With the development of signal processing and data analyzing techniques, music visualization has been an important research issue in recent year. Visualization can enhance the music listening experience in a way such that an audience without any musical knowledge can correlate what is seen with what is heard and there by facilitate understanding the nature of music intuitively. This work aims at implementing a real time music visualization method based on Python which is one of the most popular programming languages. More specifically, we have implemented a system capable of visualizing music by analyzing the time and frequency information of the digital music and utilizing Python sound libraries. The results indicate that the system is generally successful and enriches listening experiences of the audience.
Generation of large-scale magnetic fields from primordial density fluctuations

We investigate a generation of magnetic fields from cosmological density perturbations. In the primordial plasma before cosmological recombination, all of the materials except dark matter in the universe exist in the form of photons, electrons, and protons (and a small number of light elements). Due to the different scattering nature of photons off electrons and protons, electric currents and electric fields are inevitably induced, and thus magnetic fields are generated. We numerically obtain the power spectrum of magnetic fields over a wide range of scales, from k ~ 10−5Mpc−1 to k ~ 109Mpc−1. Implications of these cosmologically generated magnetic fields are discussed.
Going Viral: The Moral Panic Constructing the Roma as a Threat to Public Health During the First Wave of the Covid-19 Pandemic

Following the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic and the ensuing lockdowns, heightened anti-Roma rhetoric became noticeable across much of Europe. This article focuses on the narrative according to which Roma communities represented a threat to public health and which will be analysed through the lens of the theoretical work on moral panics. The empirical data used in this paper was obtained in the framework of a project investigating the impact of the pandemic on Roma communities in Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Moldova, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia, and Ukraine, between March–June 2020. Using the literature on moral panics as a framework of interpretation, this article aims to shed light on the processes leading to high levels of social consensus as to the threat to public health posed by Roma communities in these countries. To do so, it outlines the narratives disseminated in mass media, as well as the subsequent narratives and policy responses employed by public authorities, showing how the latter legitimised the alarming reports publicised by the former, engendering a strong societal response which conformed with the framework of a moral panic.
Translanguaging Practices in Composition Scholarship and Pedagogy: Issues, Evidence, and Controversies

The notion of translanguaging has hitherto gained prominence in composition scholarship and pedagogy. Scholars have specifically pointed out that translanguaging pedagogy is particularly germane if it is implemented in the teaching and learning of writing in a multilingual setting. Drawing upon the plethora of published studies, these scholars have argued that translanguaging strategies can help maximize students’ linguistic resources and communicative potentials. This conceptual article looks at intellectual endeavors which try to challenge the monolingual ideology and its biases, and to justify the legitimacy of mixing different linguistic codes for achieving desired communicative goals in written communication. Contemporary issues of composition scholarship and pedagogy under translanguaging vantage point of view will be addressed, and evidence of code-meshing from multilingual writers showcasing the acts of translanguaging in academic writing presented. Finally, the article discusses the controversies over the application of the notion of translanguaging in writing research and pedagogy.
OB stars and the structure of the interstellar medium - Cloud formation and effects of different equations of state

The effects of OB stars on the physical state of the interstellar medium have been investigated using a time-dependent numerical simulation which includes explicit two-dimensional hydrodynamics and implicit, coupled radiative transfer and thermodynamics. Using the observed birthrates, OB stars are placed randomly in space and time on an 180 pc square numerical grid where they ionize and push ambient gas for the duration of their main sequence lifetimes. Though they contribute a minuscule amount of ionization, the B stars are efficient excavators of ambient matter because their initial Stroemgren radii are much smaller than the distance that the shock front around the H II region can travel in the stellar lifetime.
We are cyborgs: The role of narcissism and self-esteem to become social media and tourism addicts

It is argued that excessive social media use can lead to an addiction. This study compares two proposed research models. The first model examines how social media addiction, narcissism, and self-esteem affect tourism addiction. Whilst the second model studies the impact of narcissism and self-esteem on social media and tourist addiction. There were also two research models proposed here. Data collection was obtained in Jakarta, with 214 participants chosen by using the convenient sampling method. Exploratory factor analysis and structural equation models were used to process the data. Social media addiction and narcissism affect self-esteem, while social media addiction and tourist addiction affect self-esteem. This research combines the study of addiction, modern media, and cyber marketing.
The influence of surface oxidation on the electron tunnelling mechanism of microparticle charge reversal during a bouncing impact on a charged conductor

Carbonyl iron microspheres 0.1-2 mu m diameter, with velocities of 10-100 m s-1 and positive charges of (0.5-5)*10-15 C have been used for a comparative study of the charge reversal that occurs during a bouncing impact with negatively charged copper and stainless steel high-voltage electrodes that are either atomically clean or have approximately 30 AA and approximately >or approximately=150 AA surface oxide films. Argon ion etching and electron bombardment heating were available for in-situ surface cleaning, while an ellipsometric facility was used for characterizing electrode surfaces. Experimental results show that the efficiency of charge reversal is strongly dependent on both the thickness and electrical properties of surface oxide films.