Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spatial variation of the magnetic field inside laminar flows of a perfect conductive fluid

The steady state of a perfect conductive fluid in laminar flow resulting from the ‘Hall effect’ is studied. Using the Maxwell equations, the spatial variation of the magnetic field in the steady state is calculated for three cases of different fluid flow geometries: flow between two infinite parallel planes, flow between two coaxial infinite-long cylinders and flow between two concentric spheres. According to our calculation of the three cases, the spatial variation of the magnetic field depends on the flow velocity. The magnetic field is strengthened in layers where the velocity is greater, but this dependency is negligible for non relativistic flows. Our approach in this study provides an example of how to receive interesting results using only basic knowledge of physics and mathematics.
Atomoxetine Versus Combination of Methylphenidate Plus Fluoxetine for Management of Anxiety Disorders in ADHD Children: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common psychiatric disorder in childhood. Concurrent anxiety disorders have turned into a challenging issue for psychiatrists. Numerous medications have been applied with controversial responses. Objectives: The current study aimed to compare the efficacy of the combination of methylphenidate (MPH) and fluoxetine (FLX) versus atomoxetine (ATX) in the symptoms and function of ADHD children with concurrent anxiety disorders. Methods: The current randomized clinical was conducted on 76 outpatient children with concurrent ADHD and anxiety disorder within 2020 - 2021. The patients were divided into two equal groups. The first group was treated with MPH (5 mg twice daily) plus FLX (10 - 20 mg daily); nevertheless, the second group received ATX with a dose of 1.4 mg/kg. The Conner’s Parents Rating Scale (CPRS), Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED), and Children’s Anxiety Impact Scale-Child (CAIS-C) were applied to assess anxiety at the baseline and 1 month and 4 months after the interventions. Results: The mean age of the studied population was 9.26 ± 1.92 years (range: 6 - 12 years), and 46 subjects (57.89%) were male. The significant trends of improvement in both groups, regardless of the interventions in the assessments of all the scales, were noted (P < 0.001 for all the scales); however, the comparison of the groups revealed no differences in the CPRS (P = 0.397), SACRED (P = 0.663), and CAIS-C (P = 0.683). Conclusions: Based on the findings of this study, as ATX alone was as effective as MPH plus FLX for controlling anxiety disorders among ADHD children, ATX is preferred to apply fewer daily medications.
Plankton Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem mission: atmosphere measurements for air quality applications

Abstract. We present the instrumentation and products of the NASA Plankton Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem (PACE) mission relevant to air quality management. Since PACE will launch in the 2022 to 2023 timeframe, we discuss several activities in anticipation of a robust air quality applications program using PACE products. Products from the PACE ocean color imager and two multiangle polarimeters will be used synergistically to retrieve properties relevant to air quality applications. These instruments provide high spectral and spatial resolution measurements used to derive key properties of aerosols and clouds including effective particle radii, particle shapes, aerosol and cloud optical depths, refractive indices and single scattering albedos, all of which are critical for characterizing airmasses for managing air quality, hazardous episodes of wildfire and volcanic emissions, and long range transport of pollution. Because of the number of products with potential societal benefits, the PACE mission is highly pertinent to NASA’s Applied Sciences Program’s efforts to promote, discover, and demonstrate innovative, practical, and sustainable uses of the Earth observations. We discuss plans to support these efforts by establishing a prelaunch early adopter program and outline communication strategies to engage the air quality user community.
Transformation field analysis as a background of clustering discretization methods in micromechanics of composites

A linear composite material (CM) consisting of a homogeneous matrix with either the periodic or random set of heterogeneities is considered. One of the first reduced-order models (ROMs), Transformation Field Analysis (TFA) by Dvorak for the pair strain-eigenstrain (or stress-eigenstress) is modified in terms of the “mixed” pair strain-eigenstress (or stress-eigenstrain) for implementation to clustering-based ROMs initiated by the self-consistent clustering analysis (SCA) by WK Liu. A set of consistency conditions are obtained for both the effective properties and modified eigenfield concentration factors. It is found that modified TFA represents a unified background of all three central clustering-based ROMs: the SCA, virtual clustering analysis (VCA), and finite element analysis–clustering analysis (FCA). One presents the scheme of estimation of inhomogeneous strain concentration factors in some prescribed clusters analyzed by the SCA (nonlinear problem). For statistically homogeneous CMs, a localized version of the modified TFA is proposed for clustering of the matrix (coating) in the vicinity of inclusions. VCA used for the analysis of a finite size inclusion can be modified for the implementation of a combination of both the modified TFA and functional gradient theory.
From Dinuclear Systems to Close Binary Stars: Application to Mass Transfer

Applying the microscopic nuclear physics ideas to macroscopic stellar systems, we study the evolution of the compact di-stars in mass asymmetry (transfer) coordinate. Depending on the internal structure of constituent stars, the initial mass asymmetry, total mass, and orbital angular momentum, the close di-star system can either exist in symmetric configuration or fuse into mono-star. The limitations for the formation of stable symmetric binary stars are analyzed.
Developing Methods for Quantifying the Contribution of Organic Carbon in Total Alkalinity

Accurately measuring the concentration of carbon dioxide in the ocean is required in order to understand and predict how anthropogenic CO 2 will impact global change. Autonomous vertical profiling float data can be used to estimate the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO 2 ) in seawater, which, is an important parameter in measuring the concentration of CO 2 that absorbs into the ocean from the atmosphere. However, this estimate, calculated by using the inorganic carbon system, contains discrepancies with direct pCO 2 measurements. One potential source of uncertainty in this estimate is hypothesized to come from organic acid-base species, with pK values around 4 and 6, contributing to the measurement of total alkalinity. To determine the potential contribution that this organic alkalinity adds to total alkalinity, two total alkalinity titration methods were compared, the modified gran function-open cell titration method and the spectrophotometric single-step titration method. The open cell titration method potentially titrates both inorganic and organic acid-base species contributing to total
Investigating illocutionary acts in video podcasts and its pedagogical implication in EFL teaching

This study belongs to qualitative- content analysis focusing on the illocutionary speech acts in video podcasts of Najwa Shihab. Data were collected from her interview with one of the invited guests which were subsequently coded and categorized into illocutionary types: representative, directive, commissive, and expressive. To know the distribution of each type, the frequency and percentage were counted simultaneously. The results of the analysis revealed that directive acts were the most frequently used and followed by representative, commissive, and expressive acts. These findings are of benefit to have a comprehensive understanding of the speech acts productions employed by Najwa Shihab in her video podcasts. In addition, the findings provide constructive dynamic strategies in communication and pedagogical implication in language teaching.
Spin precession in spin-orbit fields under wire confinement and drift

This thesis reports on the effects of wire confinement and drift on the electron spin dynamics in gallium arsenide quantum wells. The spin dynamics in such systems is governed by spin-orbit interaction. The motivation for this work is explained in Chapter 1. Chapter 2 will provide the reader with background information on semiconductor quantum wells and what role spin-orbit interaction plays in such systems. It will particularly specify the relevant mechanisms that act on spins and introduce suffcient theoretical background for the reader to understand the results presented in the later chapters. The methodology is explained in Chapter 3. Scanning Kerr microscopy as the main experimental technique, as well as methods for data evaluation will be depicted. Chapter 4 focuses on the impact of wire confinement. Two studies are presented that evaluate measured spin dynamics for increasing wire confinement for two different symmetries of the spin-orbit interaction. The data is compared to theoretical models and we find that wire confinement affcts the spin dynamics differently in the two cases. While in one the impact is a suppression of diffusion, in the other it is an enhancement of the spin lifetime by an order of magnitude. The interplay between drift motion and diffusive motion is the subject of Chapter 5. It is demonstrated that, under drift, quasistationary electrons experience a temporal spin precession in the absence of an external magnetic field. The corresponding frequency scales linearly with the drift velocity. This unexpected finding is explained theoretically as a consequence of nonlinear terms of the spin-orbit interaction, for which drift leads to a spin precession angle twice that of spins that diffuse the same distance. In an outlook section, measurements are presented that show that under certain conditions a higher-order regime is accessible in which the spin precession depends nonlinearly on the drift velocity. Based on this nonlinear dependence, which is also predicted by a theoretical model, a novel scheme for spin amplification is developed in Chapter 6. The proposed concepts also profit from the findings of Chapter 4.
Electromagnetic Processes in PANDA

PANDA detector at the future FAIR facility. The future measu rement of the time-like form factors of the proton using the reaction ̄ pp→ e+e− with PANDA is discussed in detail, including background suppression and signal reconstruction efficien cy. Results of the simulations show that an unprecedent precision in the measurements can be achieve d with PANDA. The possibility of measuring the form factors in the unphysical region, below t hreshold, is also discussed. In ad-
In vitro seed culture of Nigella sativa L. A Miracle herb

A study was conducted to access the in vitro germination and subsequent morphogenetic potential of seeds of Nigella sativa L. a miracle herb. Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium used throughout the series of experiments. Seeds were inoculated on MS medium or basal medium in different concentration of Phytohormone BA, Gibberellic acid (GA3). In Nigella best result obtain in one seed on high concentration 10 mg /l BA. No seed germination was obtained in any concentration of GA3.
Combining Super Resolution and Efficient Net Models to Reduce False Positives and False Negatives in Breast Cancer Detection

- The accurate detection of breast cancer is imperative for optimal therapeutic outcomes, and minimizing false positive and false negative rates is a vital element in this process. Super-resolution images are particularly used in health research due to their ability to provide higher spatial resolution and more detailed information about the appearance of tissues and structures in medical images. These images can enable the model to learn to identify subtle abnormalities and distinguish them from normal tissue, and they are also more resistant to image degradation, such as noise or blur. To obtain high-resolution mammograms, a generator network (SRGAN) was trained and obtained SR images were applied on EfficientNet models, which are highly effective deep learning architectures that exhibit superior performance on a wide range of tasks with a reduced number of parameters and lower computational complexity compared to other models. A combination of three datasets (CBIS-DDSM, Mini-MIAS, and INbreast) with data augmentation was used to train and evaluate the model. The proposed model achieved a false positive and false negative rate of 0.0029, indicating a high level of accuracy in detecting breast cancer. This low rate highlights the efficacy of the approach in minimizing false positive and false negative rates, which is crucial for optimal treatment outcomes.
Resumption optionality in direct object relative clauses in modern standard Arabic

Abstract The resumption phenomenon has attracted the attention of linguists within different frameworks and in various languages. However, this phenomenon has received limited attention in Modern Standard Arabic (MSA), especially in relation to Direct Object Relative Clauses (DORCs). There have been a few discussions of DORCs and this disregard can be attributed to a fundamental reason which is resumption optionality in this construction in particular. By and large, the interpretation of resumptive pronouns is usually determined by competition with gaps. However, based on the structural facts in MSA (i.e. resumptive pronouns behavior in island constraints) and discussion about optional and obligatory resumptive pronouns, we argue that the resumption strategy is the only method used to generate Direct Object Relative Clauses. Therefore, resumptive pronouns are integral part of the syntactic derivation and could be either phonologically realized or null. A resumptive pronoun, we assume, is a spell-out trace of the moved element. Moreover, a clear description and analysis of DORCs, both definite and indefinite structures (i.e. head DPs with and without the definite article ʔal), will be presented by utilizing the Minimalist Program and the Head Raising Analysis . The mutual influence of the presence and absence of the resumptive pronouns on other elements in the structure (i.e. Head DP and relative marker “ʔallaði”) will be explored as well.
MMSE Based Nonlinear Precoding for Multiuser MIMO Broadcast Channels with Inter-Cell Interference

본 논문에서는 다른 셀로부터 발생하는 간섭을 고려하여 다중사용자 다중안테나 하향링크 채널에서 최소평균제곱오차(MMSE: minimum mean-squared error)에 기반한 비선형 연속 프리코딩(precoding) 기법을 제안한다. 기존의 zero forcing(ZF) 기반의 방법과 달리 제안하는 방식은 다른 셀로부터의 간섭을 고려하여 셀 내의 다중사용자 간섭을 억제하는 방식을 취하여 수신단에서의 신호 대 간섭 잡음비를 향상시킬 수 있다. 모의 실험 결과를 통해 제안하는 최소평균제곱오차에 기반한 비선형 전처리 기법이 다양한 셀 간섭 환경에서 기존 방법보다 좋은 성능을 가지는 것을 확인할 수 있다.
Comparaison, des mesures portées par un ensemble convexe compact

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LECTURE 4: APPROXIMATE GROUPS AND THE BOURGAIN-GAMBURD METHOD (PRELIMINARY VERSION)

Up until the Bourgain-Gamburd 2005 breakthrough the only known ways to turn SLd(Fp) into an expander graph (i.e. to find a generating set of small size whose associated Cayley graph has a good spectral gap) was either through property (T ) (as in the Margulis construction) when d > 3 or through the Selberg property (and the dictionary between combinatorial expansion of the Cayley graphs and the spectral gap for the Laplace-Beltrami Laplacian on towers of covers of hyperbolic manifolds) when d = 2.
On the Development of Incomplete Cubic Tetrahedral Element Based on the Absolute Nodal Coordinate Formulation

In this paper, a new four-node incomplete cubic tetrahedral element (ICTE) based on the absolute nodal coordinate formulation (ANCF) is developed employing both volume coordinate and Cartesian coordinate parameter set. From the view of the order of interpolation polynomial basis, a criterion to develop the incomplete cubic ANCF tetrahedral element that can guarantee the quadratic accuracy is proposed. Based on the criterion, the new element and the other two existing incomplete cubic ANCF tetrahedral elements are compared analytically. The three elements are evaluated by both the static and dynamic numerical simulations. The new element successfully passes the patch test. The solutions of the proposed element in this paper agree well with analytical solutions or those given by the full cubic tetrahedral element/general commercial FE software. The higher accuracy and better convergence of the new element are verified. In addition, the method to develop incomplete cubic element by applying position constraints on the face center points and other corresponding material points of the full cubic element is discussed.
Remoção parcial de dentina cariada em lesões profundas de dentes permanentes jovens sob isolamento absoluto e relativo

Aim: The aim of this randomized clinical trial was to evaluate after one-year followup, the outcome of the Partial Caries Removal (PDR) treatment in young permanent teeth presenting deep caries lesions, using two different operatory isolation field: rubber dam and cottons rolls with suction devices. Material and methods: At baseline, 80 schoolchildren, 11 to 18 years old, of one public school in the Region of Itapoã, Federal District of Brazil, were clinical and radiographically diagnosed with deep caries lesions (radiolucency in the inner third or deeper of the dentin in direction to the pulp). A hundred seven (107) posterior permanent teeth were included in the sample. The adolescents were randomized in two different groups: the control group was treated with rubber dam isolation, whereas the test group used cotton rolls and suction devices isolation. Treatments were conducted in the 2 mobile dental offices, located at the school. The treatment protocol included positive response to cold test and negative sensitivity to vertical percussion, absence of periapical lesions (radiographic examination) and absence of spontaneous pain. Teeth randomly assigned to the isolation of the operatory field received incomplete caries removal and filling in a single session. After one-year follow-up, outcome success was evaluated by assessment of pulp vitality determined by a positive response to cold test, absence of spontaneous pain, negative sensitivity to vertical percussion, and absence of periapical lesions . Twenty pairs of radiographies ( before and after treatment) were examined for dentine reactions twice with a 1 week interval by one examiner. Intra-examiner reliability was 0.74 (non-weighted Kappa p=0,00). Data were analyzed by a Weibull Regression model and by survival analysis. Results: After 1 year follow-up, 9.43% students were lost and 97 teeth had been evaluated. The analysis of independent factors as age, gender, number of surfaces involved in the caries lesions, dentine aspect previously to the treatment, coronary teeth condition and need of filling repair were not related to the outcome. Additionally, the isolation of the operatory field did not interfere on the treatment results. The success rate of the PDR treatment for control and test group was similar (p=0.617): 95.83% and 97.96% respectively. Survival analysis (Weibull Regression) for the pulp vitality after one-year treatment showed that the PDR failure occurred earlier (380 days) than the therapy success (563 days). Conclusion: After one-year, PDR treatment seemed to be effective in the permanent teeth pulp vitality maintenance, under cotton isolation similarly to the rubber dam isolation. Clinical Relevance: This study suggests that isolation of the operating field with cotton rolls for PDR treatment for deep caries lesions is plausible in case of the impossibility of rubber dam use.
Reliable real-time Polar Cap (PC) indices for space weather monitoring and forecasts

The Polar Cap (PC) indices were approved by the International Association for Geomagnetism and Aeromony (IAGA) by Resolution No. 3 (2013) noting that “IAGA … recommends use of the PC index by the international scientific community in its near-real time and definitive forms” . PC indices were made available in 2014 at the web portal http://pcindex.org holding near-real time as well as final index values. The near-real time PC index values are not permanently available. However, analyses of indices on basis of occasional downloads have detected differences between near-real time and final PC indices of up to 3.65 mV/m (, Ann Geophys , 36 , 621–631). At such differences, one or the other index may indicate (or hide) strong geomagnetic activity without justification in the actual conditions. The present work has disclosed the cause of observed large differences between real-time and final PC index values in the IAGA-endorsed versions. In addition, anticipated differences are derived on a general basis from the available basic magnetic data by using the index calculation procedures and calibration constants provided by the PC index suppliers. It is shown that corresponding or even larger anomalies are expected to be common during moderate to strong magnetic activity where the near-real time PC indices might otherwise prove very useful for space weather monitoring, e.g., for power grid protection. An alternative real-time PC index derivation scheme described here reduces the excessive differences between real-time and final PC index values by an order of magnitude.
TITLE: Learning Class-Contours of Very High Spatial Resolution Aerial Images Using Convolutional Neural Networks

One of the most challenging problems regarding Earth Observation data of very high spatial resolution (<10cm ) is related to the construction of an accurate and fully-automatic semantic annotation workflow approach. The difficulty of this task is related to the increased intra-class variability and complexity of the depicted aerial urban scenes. Lately, interesting methods based on fully Convolutional Neural Networks have shown great potential for resolving this challenging problem. However, despite the overall accuracy of these methods, a precise localization of the class-contours still remains an unresolved issue, mainly due to the uncertainty of precisely localizing the class-boundary between two neighboring land-cover entities. In this paper, we propose learning the Class-Contours directly from the raw images by training a CNN regression model. This allows us get sharper, better localized edges by learning strong priors of particular object classes and enforce local smoothness. This visually improves class boundaries significantly and we improve our previously best-stated outcome from 85.1% to 88.8 % overall accuracy .
Solutions of nonlinear problems involving p(x)-Laplacian operator

Abstract In the present paper, by using variational principle, we obtain the existence and multiplicity of solutions of a nonlocal problem involving p(x)-Laplacian. The problem is settled in the variable exponent Sobolev space W01,p(x)(Ω), and the main tools are the Mountain-Pass theorem and Fountain theorem.