Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High-dimensional Data Cubes

This paper introduces an approach to supporting high-dimensional data cubes at interactive query speeds and moderate storage cost. The approach is based on binary(-domain) data cubes that are judiciously partially materialized; the missing information can be quickly reconstructed using statistical or linear programming techniques. This enables new applications such as exploratory data analysis for feature engineering and other fields of data science. Moreover, it removes the need to compromise when building a data cube - all columns that we might ever wish to use can be included as dimensions. Our approach also speeds up certain dice, roll-up, and drill-down operations on data cubes with hierarchical dimensions compared to traditional data cubes.
Error Estimates For Numerical Integration Rules

Peter Mercer (mercerpr@ math.buffalostate.edu) received his Ph. D. in several complex variables in 1992 from the University of Toronto, under the supervision of lan Graham. In addition to Toronto, he has taught at UNC-Chapel Hill, Purdue University, and St. Mary's College of Maryland, and he has been at Buffalo State College since 1997. He considers his father, also a mathematician, to be his best teacher. He resides in Williamsville. New York. with his wife Pina, daughters Sarah and Hannah, and son John.
THE PERFORMANCE AND CALIBRATION OF WFPC2 ON THE HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE

The WFPC2 was installed in the Hubble Space Telesocpe (HST) in December 1993. Since then, the instrument has been providing high quality images. A significant amount of calibration data has been collected to aid in the understanding of the on-orbit performance of the instrument. Generally, the behavior of the camera is similar to its performance during the system-level thermal vacuum test at JPL in May 1993. Surprises were a significant charge transfer efficiency (CTE) problem and a significant growth rate in hot pixels at the original operating temperature of the CCDs (-76 C). The operating temperature of the WFPC2 CCDs was changed to -88 C on 23 April 1994, and significant improvements in CTE and hot pixels are seen at this temperature. In this paper we describe the on-orbit performance of the WFPC2. We discuss the optical and thermal history, the instrument throughput and stability, the PSF, the effects of undersampling on photometry, and properties of cosmic rays observed on-orbit, and the geometric distortion in the camera. We present the best techniques for the reduction of WFPC2 data, and describe the construction of calibration products including superbiases, superdarks, and flat fields.
Asymptotic Optimality of Group and Systematic Codes for Some Channels

Memoryless stationary channels are considered having symbols $E_1 , \ldots ,E_M $, which are letters of the alphabet of the channel, where $M = s^k $, s being a prime number and k an integer. It is supposed that the symbols $E_1 , \ldots ,E_M $ are the elements of a commutative group and, moreover, the transition probability from $E_i$ to $E_j$ coincides with the transition probability from $E_i + E_k $ to $E_j + E_k $ for all indices $i, j,k$. It is proved that in some sense the minimum probability of errors for all the codes is asymptotically equal to the minimum probability of error for all the group codes provided the transmission rate is large enough. Some other similar results are also proved in the present paper.
Recent advances in the medical applications of hemostatic materials

Bleeding caused by trauma or surgery is a serious health problem, and uncontrollable bleeding can result in death. Therefore, developing safe, effective, and convenient hemostatic materials is important. Active hemostatic agents currently used to investigate the field of hemostasis are divided into four broad categories: natural polymers, synthetic polymers, inorganic materials, and metal-containing materials. Hemostatic materials are prepared in various forms for wound care applications based on the active ingredients used. These materials include nanofibers, gels, sponges, and nanoparticles. Hemostatic materials find their applications in the field of wound care, and they are also used for hemostasis during malignant tumor surgery. Prompt and effective hemostasis can reduce the possibility of the spread of tumor cells with blood. This review discusses the outcomes of current research conducted in the field and the problems persisting in the field of developing hemostatic materials. The review also presents a platform for the further development of hemostatic materials. Bleeding caused by trauma or surgery is a serious health problem, and uncontrollable bleeding can result in death. Therefore, developing safe, effective, and convenient hemostatic materials is important. Active hemostatic agents currently used to investigate the field of hemostasis are divided into four broad categories: natural polymers, synthetic polymers, inorganic materials, and metal-containing materials. Hemostatic materials are prepared in various forms for wound care applications based on the active ingredients used. These materials include nanofibers, gels, sponges, and nanoparticles. Hemostatic materials find their applications in the field of wound care, and they are also used for hemostasis during malignant tumor surgery. Prompt and effective hemostasis can reduce the possibility of the spread of tumor cells with blood. This review discusses the outcomes of current research conducted in the field and the problems persisting in the field of developing hemostatic materials. The review also presents a platform for the further development of hemostatic materials.
Optical metasurfaces with robust angular response on flexible substrates

We have fabricated optical metasurfaces on flexible substrates that show an optical response independent on the polarization and angles of incidence of light. The realized devices operate as ultrathin selective filters at visible frequencies, with a bandwidth of ∼200 nm, and their response is robust to membrane bending for possible integration in conformal optical devices.
Variation of the Frequency of Fatal Quarrels with Magnitude

Abstract A record of wars during the interval A.D. 1820 to 1945 has been collected from the whole world, and has been classified according to the number of war-dead. The smaller incidents have been the more frequent, according to a fairly regular graph which can be extended to quarrels that caused a single death.
Direct-drive-implosion experiments with enhanced fluence balance on OMEGA

Direct-drive experiments on OMEGA [T. R. Boehly et al., Opt. Commun. 133, 495 (1997)] are now regularly performed with enhanced single-beam uniformity (1-THz-bandwidth smoothing by spectral dispersion, including distributed phase plates and polarization rotators). The on-target-beam-energy balance is determined by a set of beam pickoffs that are cross-calibrated to full beam calorimeters and by independent measurements for each beam of the losses incurred in transporting the beams to the target chamber. Variations of the illumination due to beam-to-beam, on-target energy differences and beam-to-beam shape differences can then introduce variations of the illumination and hence drive symmetry that will affect implosions. A new technique has been implemented that determines variations of the beam peak fluences at target chamber center on a full-power target shot by simultaneously measuring the x-ray flux produced by all 60 beams separated on a 4-mm-diam, Au-coated spherical target. The inferred beam-to-beam,.
ESTIMATING WEAK GARCH REPRESENTATIONS

The classical definitions of GARCH-type processes rely on strong assumptions on the first two conditional moments. The common practice in empirical studies, however, has been to test for GARCH by detecting serial correlations in the squared regression errors. This can be problematic because such autocorrelation structures are compatible with severe misspecifications of the standard GARCH. Numerous examples are provided in the paper. In consequence, standard (quasi-) maximum likelihood procedures can be inconsistent if the conditional first two moments are misspecified. To alleviate these problems of possible misspecification, we consider weak GARCH representations characterized by an ARMA structure for the squared error terms. The weak GARCH representation eliminates the need for correct specification of the first two conditional moments. The parameters of the representation are estimated via two-stage least squares. The estimator is shown to be consistent and asymptotically normal. Forecasting issues are also addressed.
Stellar formation in HI interstellar bubbles around massive stars

Stellar winds from O and WR stars transfer large amounts of mechanical energy and momentum into the interstellar medium. They sweep up and compress the interstellar material, creating interstellar bubbles. These structures are detected as optical ring nebulae, as thermal radio continuum sources, as infrared shells, as neutral gas voids and expanding shells in the HI line emission distribution, and as molecular shells.
Conforming Hierarchical Basis Functions

A unified process for the construction of hierarchical conforming bases on a range of element types is proposed based on an ab initio preservation of the underlying cohomology. This process supports not only the most common simplicial element types, as are now well known, but is generalised to squares, hexahedra, prisms and importantly pyramids. Whilst these latter cases have received (to varying degrees) attention in the literature, their foundation is less well developed than for the simplicial case. The generalisation discussed in this paper is effected by recourse to basic ideas from algebraic topology (differential forms, homology, cohomology, etc) and as such extends the fundamental theoretical framework established by the work of Hiptmair [16–18] and Arnold et al. [4] for simplices. The process of forming hierarchical bases involves a recursive orthogonalisation and it is shown that the resulting finite element mass, quasi-stiffness and composite matrices exhibit exponential or better growth in condition number. AMS subject classifications: 65M60, 65M38, 41A10
Lifting construction based on Bernstein bases and application in image compression

A novel framework for the construction of biorthogonal wavelets based on Bernstein bases with an arbitrary order of vanishing moments using the lifting scheme is proposed. We explore the field of application of it in still image compression. The major contributions of this work can be summarised highlighting the following three aspects. First and foremost, we propose an algorithm that is used to increase the vanishing moments of wavelets from biorthogonal symmetrical wavelets based on Bernstein bases by the lifting scheme. An iterative algorithm for designing the lifting scheme is proposed, which is based on the relationship between the vanishing moments of the wavelet and multiples of zeros of z = 1. The authors provide formulas of the lifting scheme for the construction of wavelets with an arbitrary order of vanishing moments. In addition, the lifting scheme is the shortest among the lifting schemes with the same order of vanishing moments increasing and, more importantly, it is the only one possible. Second, to guarantee the symmetry of the lifting (dual lifting) biorthogonal filters, explicit formulas of the lifting scheme with an arbitrary order of vanishing moments are introduced, which simultaneously have the above two characteristics. With our method, a new family of the parameterisation with symmetry of filters and the related library of biorthogonal symmetric waveforms are presented. Finally, we present a new transform rule aiming at image compression and its corresponding algorithm. Applying the parameterisation of filters constructed in this paper, by adjusting their coefficients, we can realise the transform rule and obtain a new transform. We explore the possibility of applying the presented transforms in image compression at different compression rates, and the results of the experiments prove to be comparable with the CDF9/7 and several state-of-the-art wavelet transforms.
Dependence of indium–tin–oxide work function on surface cleaning method as studied by ultraviolet and x-ray photoemission spectroscopies

The effect of the method used to clean indium–tin–oxide (ITO) on its work function was investigated by ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy (UPS) and x-ray photoemission spectroscopy. With only ultrasonic cleaning in the organic solvent, considerable carbon contamination remained on the ITO surface and the work function was low (4.5 eV). In contrast, ultraviolet (UV)–ozone treatment removed significant carbon contamination, with an increase in the work function to 4.75 eV, which improves the hole-injection efficiency into the organic hole-transport layer in organic electroluminescent devices. Although carbon contamination on the ITO surface was also removed by Ar+ sputtering, it was accompanied by the removal of oxygen from ITO, and the work function was reduced (4.3 eV). Three factors, i.e.,: (i) C-containing contaminants, (ii) the O/In ratio, and (iii) the In/Sn ratio on the ITO surface affect the work function. The present results and those of other workers suggest that these three factors affect the.
Infrared and X-ray Emission in High Mass Star Forming Regions

We present a correlated study of IR and X-ray emission in massive star formation regions using X-ray Chandra data and ground-based near, and mid-IR observations in order to understand the mechanisms of X-ray emission associated to high massive protostellar objects. Mon R2, and the complex giant molecular clouds W3 and NGC 6334 are the regions here analyzed.
Nonlinear two‐dimensional sail theory

Steady two‐dimensional flow past a sail is considered. The sail is assumed to be supported by two masts. The flow and the shape of the sail are determined as functions of the direction α of the flow at infinity and the Weber number λ. The full nonlinear problem is formulated as an integrodifferential equation for the shape of the sail. This equation is discretized and solved numerically by Newton’s method. Sail profiles, the slack in the sail, and the lift coefficient are presented for various values of α and λ.
Asymptotic Distribution of Least Squares Estimators for Purely Unstable Arma (m

Asymptotic distribution is obtained for the least squares estimator of the vector Φ of all the autoregressive parameters in a purely unstable ARMA(m, x) model y v This extends our previous results for the ARMA(p + d, q) case with q finite and those obtained by Chan and Wei [5] for the AR case. More precisely, it is shown that the asymptotic distribution of differs from the White or Dickey-Fuller law of unstable AR processes by a decentring term due to the correlation between the and their MA part. Unlike Phillips [10] who studied an AR(1) model with one unit 1001 and with the innovations being a strong mixing process, here we consider general ARMA case with arbitrary initial values and only assume that the MA part of the is some linear process without requiring mixing conditions.
Scion–Rootstock Relationship: Molecular Mechanism and Quality Fruit Production

Most tree fruits are commercially grown on different root systems, hence called composite plants. The section provides the root system as the rootstock, and the atop ground portion is called the scion. The combination is selected based on different traits of scion varieties, rootstock, and prevailing edaphic situations. The dated back plant propagation technique of joining two plants (grafting/budding) that directly communicates new physiological traits to the desirable scion variety from the rootstock remains unclear. In spite of this, this propagation technique continues widely applied in the multiplication of several fruit plant species. In a grafted plant, rootstocks impacted the scion variety’s growth, yield and quality attributes, physiology, nutrient accumulation as well as biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in many ways. Modern research in plant science for next-generation sequencing providing new vital information about the molecular interactions in composite plants multiplied using grafting. Now it was confirmed that genetic exchange is occurring between rootstock and scion variety through grafting joints. In this aspect, we discuss the process and the molecular mechanism of rootstock scion interactions. This review finally explains the dynamics of rootstock–scion interactions as well as their effect on physiology in terms of production, environmental stresses, and fruit quality. The morphological, physiochemical, and molecular mechanisms have been reviewed to develop an integrated understanding of this unknowable process that questions existing genetic paradigms. The present review summarizes the reported molecular mechanism between scion and rootstock and the impact of rootstocks on the production biology of scion varieties of economically important fruit crops and identifies numerous key points to consider when conducting rootstock scion interaction experiments. Rootstocks may offer a non-transgenic approach to rapidly respond to the changing environment and expand agricultural production of perennial fruit crops where grafting is possible in order to meet the global demand for fruit, food, and demands of the future.
COMPARATIVE THEORETICAL ANALYSIS OF EXPECTATIONS IN DIFFERENT PSYCHOLOGICAL CONCEPTS

Our life is a chain of expectations according to which we live and act, and we create interpersonal relations, set goals and try to achieve them. Our expectations accompany us at all stages of life, in all aspects of interpersonal relationships, and all aspects of social perception. Different authors differ in terms of the phenomenon of expectation. However, at first glance, the problem of expectations in modern humanitarian sciences is not sufficiently studied, and there is no more or less conciliatory approach to determining expectations. This article aims to figure out how the expectations are defined, which phenomenological field they belong to, their content, with what other phenomena they are connected to, and so on?
Barriers and Facilitators for Physical Activity in Pregnancy and Post- Partum? Findings from a Qualitative Study to Inform the Design of an Intervention for Active Women

Objectives: The benefits of physical activity during and after pregnancy are well established. However, activity levels decline substantially in both inactive and active women. There is limited information on the barriers and facilitators for physical activity participation in active women, which is vital for the development of tailored interventions. The primary aim of this study is to identify the barriers and facilitators for physical activity (PA) in already active women during pregnancy and postpartum. We also explore their views on, and requirements for, the development of an intervention to support maintenance of or increase in physical activity. Methods: Five focus groups, with a total of 19 participants, were conducted using a topic guide structured around the study objectives. Transcripts were analysed using a thematic analysis approach. Results: Twenty-two codes were generated and grouped into 8 themes: (1) cognizant of PA benefits, (2) sources of advice, (3) reasons to be active during pregnancy, (4) reasons for reducing PA levels during pregnancy, (5) barriers to PA during and after pregnancy, (6) facilitators of PA during and after pregnancy, (7) ideal PA intervention, and (8) evaluation support. Conclusion: Already active women show enthusiasm for continuing PA during and after pregnancy. However, factors such as pregnancy- related body changes, childcare and lack of targeted activities deter participation in PA. A new PA programme with social and group elements, including both familiar and new activities, and providing „satisfaction and fun‟ should be developed for previously active pregnant and postpartum women to help increase or maintain PA levels
Impact of perioperative chemotherapy in the treatment of patients with gastric cancer

Abstract Background: Perioperative chemotherapy (PeriCh) is the current standard of care for stage II/III gastric cancer tumors in Europe. However, when it concerns patients who endure complications during PeriCh it is unclear if it increases the risk of postoperative complications and other poorer surgical outcomes. We aim to demonstrate if there is an association between having complications during PeriCh and postoperative complications and histopathological response. Methods: We conducted a retrospective, transversal, and observational study, including all patients with diagnosed gastric cancer who underwent PeriCh followed by surgical resection during the period of eight years. Results: We included 80 patients with a median age of 64.0years (min 24, max 78). Eighty-eight-point eight percent ended the chemotherapy regime proposed, with a median duration of 42 days, and were also submitted to gastric resection: 58.8% total gastrectomy and 41.2% distal gastrectomy. Twelve-point five percent of the patients had no complications during the PeriCh period and 16.3% had >2 complications. Twenty-five percent of patients had a histological response of <10% of tumor burden, but in 41.3% only regression of <50% could be obtained. No significant association was found between complications during PeriCh and adverse surgical outcomes (P = .497). Patients with complications during PeriCh had slightly higher median time difference from end of PeriCh until surgery, but with no statistical significance (P = .575). Conclusions: In our sample, the existence of association between complications during PeriCh and postoperative complications or histological response was not demonstrated.
Low-dose ketamine as an analgesic agent in the emergency department: Efficacy and safety

Introduction: Interest in using low-dose ketamine (LDK) as an alternative analgesic to manage acute pain in the emergency department (ED) has increased. The aim of this systematic review was to compare and evaluate the analgesic effect and safety of LDK for the management of acute pain in the ED. Method: Databases were searched and all published articles that met the inclusion criteria were used. Electronic research was conducted on a total of 85 articles, and 13 articles that were relevant in terms of content, topic, and aim were selected for further review. The studies were analyzed and categorized after review. Results: The results demonstrated that in 53.84% (7 of 13) of articles, a significant reduction or more than 50% reduction in pain in the group of patients treated with ketamine (alone or combined with other analgesics) was reported. However, in 46.15% (6 out of 13) of the reviewed articles, no significant difference was observed between the pain reduction in the groups treated with ketamine alone and ketamine with other analgesics. The highest decrease in numerical rating scale (NRS) score was 6 and the lowest was 1. There was also a 100% reduction in NRS score in 14 of 30 patients treated with 0.15 mg/kg ketamine and 0.5 mg/kg hydromorphone. Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, the use of LDK as an analgesic with low side effects can be suggested. However, further research is needed to determine the appropriate concentration with fewer side effects.