Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Practice Variations in the Management of Infants With Non–IgE-Mediated Cow’s Milk Protein Allergy

Objectives: Infants with non–IgE-mediated food allergies are often referred to gastroenterologists or immunologists. We hypothesized that there are practice variations between these disciplines in the diagnosis and management of such infants. Methods: A computerized questionnaire was distributed between pediatric gastroenterologists and immunologists. The questions addressed diagnosis, management, and follow-up in 3 scenarios of infants with concern for food protein–induced allergic proctocolitis (FPIAP) due to non–IgE-mediated responses to cow’s milk. Results: Three cases of infants with suspected FPIAP were presented: milk-based formula-fed (case 1) or breast-fed (case 2) infants that are well appearing and thriving, and a breast-fed infant who is not growing appropriately along with a personal and family history of atopy (case 3). Fifty-eight pediatric gastroenterologists and 32 immunologists completed the questionnaire. Significant differences between gastroenterologists and immunologists were noted regarding the recommended dietary changes in these scenarios. Moreover, despite available guidelines generated by both societies, most physicians confirm the diagnosis based on resolution of symptoms after the dietary change, without re-exposure to the the suspected trigger. In addition, time for recommended re-exposure in infants with FPIAP was also different; most gastroenterologists recommended waiting until 12 months of age, while immunologists suggested reintroduction earlier, up to 6 months of age. Conclusions: We identified significant practice variations in diagnosis and management of FPIAP between pediatric gastroenterologists and immunologists, with lack of adherence to society guidelines. Joint task forces of primary care pediatricians, gastroenterologists, and immunologists should provide uniform guidelines to standardize care.
Evaluation of qualitative and quantitative taste alterations in COVID-19

A large percentage of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients have taste dysfunction. Interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels in mild and moderate COVID-19 patients with the type (quantitative or qualitative) of taste disorders were compared in this observational study. The 208 COVID-19 patients (118 men and 90 women) revealing only taste dysfunctions as prodromic symptoms were classified as mild and moderate patients. Survey results were used to evaluate the taste disorder. The IL-6 levels were measured using a chemiluminescence assay. Statistical analysis was conducted using the Wilcoxon rank, Welch’s, and Mann–Whitney tests. The findings revealed that neither the presence of dysgeusia or phantogeusia nor the perception of sour and salty, differed significantly between moderate and mild patients (P > 0.05). But between moderate and mild patients, there were significant differences in umami, bitter, sweet, and parageusia perception (P < 0.05). There was an impairment of multiple tastes up to ageusia in patients with high IL-6 levels. The findings demonstrated that parageusia and dysfunctions in umami, bitter, and sweet taste perception can be indicators of more severe forms of COVID-19.
THE STRONG CHROMATIC INDEX OF GRAPHS

Problems and results are presented concerning the strong chromatic index, where the strong chromatic index is the smallest k such that the edges of the graph can be k-colored with the property that each color class is an induced matching. This parameter was suggested by Erdos and Nesetril and it is related to an extremal problem of Bermond, Bond and Peyrat concerning induced matchings of graphs.
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Association Between Periodontal Disease and Severe Mental Illness

Periodontal disease is a global public health concern that disproportionately affects vulnerable populations. This systematic review and meta-analysis by Cai and colleagues studied the association with severe mental illness. Depending on the outcome, they found that people with severe mental illness were between two and four times more likely to have some form of periodontal problem. Comprehensive psychiatric care manage should therefore include consideration of oral health given the links between periodontal disease and many chronic systemic physical illnesses. ABSTRACT Background Periodontal disease represents a global public health concern, with a disproportionate burden being borne by vulnerable populations. One such group is people with severe mental illness (SMI), and this study examined whether periodontal health is poorer in people with SMI than the general population. Methods We conducted a systematic search for studies published before March 2021 on the periodontal health of people with SMI using the following databases: PubMed, PsycINFO, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Chongqing VIP. Outcomes were periodontitis, periodontal disease, and shallow and deep periodontal pockets. Results were compared with the general population. Results Seventeen studies had sufficient data for a random-effects meta-analysis, consisting of 4404 psychiatric patients and 95,411 controls. SMI was associated with an increased prevalence of periodontitis (odds ratio = 1.97, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.15–3.35) compared with the general population. People with SMI had 4.28 the odds of having periodontal disease compared with controls (95% CI = 2.54–7.21). They also had 3.65 the odds of shallow pockets (95% CI = 1.80–7.42) and 2.76 the odds of deep pockets (95% CI = 1.10–6.93). Conclusions Our findings highlight the increased prevalence and severity of periodontal disease in people with SMI. Oral health is often considered the gateway to overall health and should be a public health priority for this population.
They Saw a Debate: Political Polarization Is Associated with Greater Multivariate Neural Synchrony When Viewing the Opposing Candidate Speak

Abstract With rampant polarization in current U.S. politics, it seems as though political partisans with opposing viewpoints are living in parallel realities. Indeed, prior research shows that people's impressions/attitudes toward political candidates are intertwined with their political affiliation. The current study investigated the relationship between political affiliation and intersubject neural synchrony of multivariate patterns of activity during naturalistic viewing of a presidential debate. Before the 2016 U.S. presidential election, 20 individuals varying in political affiliation underwent functional neuroimaging while watching the first debate between candidates Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump. Pairs of participants with more polarized political affiliations were higher in neural synchrony in a system of brain regions involved in self-referential processing when viewing the opposing candidate speak compared with that candidate's supporters regardless of which extreme of the political spectrum they occupied. Moreover, pairs of political partisans matching in the candidate they supported were higher in neural synchrony when watching the candidate they opposed compared with the one they both supported. These findings suggest that political groups' shared understanding may be driven more by perceptions of outgroups than of their own party/candidates.
Factors associated with sick leave duration in patients suffering from major depressive disorder initiating antidepressant treatment: a real-world evidence study in Germany and Spain

Abstract Objective To describe MDD patients starting antidepressant (AD) treatment by pharmacological approach and identify factors associated with a longer sick leave (SL) duration. Methods Retrospective study on IQVIA German Disease Analyser (specialists) and Spanish Longitudinal Patient Database (general practitioners and specialists). MDD patients initiating AD treatment between July 2016–June 2018 were grouped by therapeutic approach (AD monotherapy vs. combination/switch/add-on) and their characteristics were analysed descriptively. Multiple logistic regression models were run to evaluate factors affecting SL duration (i.e., >30 days). Results One thousand six hundred and eighty-five patients (monotherapy: 58%; combination/switch/add-on: 42%) met inclusion criteria for Germany, and 1817 for Spain (monotherapy: 83%; combination/switch/add-on: 17%). AD treatment influenced SL duration: combination/switch/add-on patients had a 2-fold and a 4-fold risk of having >30 days of SL than monotherapy patients, respectively in Germany and Spain. Patients with a gap of time between MDD diagnosis and AD treatment initiation had a higher likelihood of experiencing a longer SL both in Germany and Spain (38% higher likelihood and 6-fold risk of having >30 days of SL, respectively). Conclusions A careful and timely selection of AD treatment approach at the time of MDD diagnosis may improve functional recovery and help to reduce SL, minimising the socio-economic burden of the disease. Key points The major depressive disorder has a substantial impact on work absenteeism. The present study aimed to describe MDD patients starting antidepressant (AD) treatment depending on the pharmacological approach and to identify factors associated with longer sick leave (SL) duration. Patients receiving AD monotherapy had a lower likelihood of having more than 30 days of sick leave than those receiving AD combination/switch/add-on. Patients for whom a gap of time between MDD diagnosis and initiation of AD treatment was observed, showed a higher likelihood of having more than 30 days of sick leave. Because findings from this analysis relied on secondary data, the authors would like to claim the urgency of conducting prospective observational studies that further investigate the effect that different AD therapeutic approaches and timely initiation of treatment might exert on patients’ recovery.
Evaluation of micro-CT in the assessment of microleakage under bulk fill composite restorations.

PURPOSE To evaluate microleakage measurements using micro-CT in comparison to dye tracers in Class 2 bulk-fill composite restorations with two adhesive techniques. METHODS 60 sound molars were prepared with Class 2 cavities having cervical margins in enamel (mesial) and in dentin (distal) and restored with Filtek Bulk Fill, using either a self-etch or total-etch technique. All teeth were thermo-cycled between 5°C and 55°C for 800 cycles and randomly exposed to three tracer dyes: 2% methylene blue, 0.5% basic fuchsin or 50% silver nitrate solutions. Teeth were sectioned mesial-distal and depth of tracer penetration was measured as a ratio of dye penetration from the cavosurface divided by total depth of the cervical floor. The silver nitrate subgroup was micro-CT scanned prior to sectioning, evaluated in 3D serial sections, and calculated volumetrically. RESULTS Analysis of ratios for dye tracer penetration showed significantly lower values for methylene blue (0.120). Micro-CT values calculated in 3D as volume (mm³) were significantly greater in enamel for self-etch (0.060) compared to total-etch (0.020). Micro-CT volumetric analysis showed better discrimination with significantly greater leakage in enamel margins using the self-etch adhesive. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Based on this in vitro study of microleakage, micro-CT volumetric evaluation in serial digital sections improves discrimination and represents a more reliable estimate of true microleakage. In vitro study of microleakage is most useful in comparing adhesive products, but clinical application of the data is questionable.
Otisma: an integrated application and humanoid robot as an educational tool for children with autism

Abstract Autistic children have difficulty communicating wants, needs, and thoughts. In cases of low functioning autism, an individual can have serious speech and language disabilities. In response to the need of parents and therapists dealing with autistic children, social robots have been developed and incorporated into assisting children with autism. Research studies have proved the possibility of improving autistic children’s lives using social robots. However, not any social robot can successfully fulfil this task, since autistic children are sensitive to certain behaviours, shapes, and colours. The proposed integrated application and humanoid robot, Otisma has been designed and developed after an intensive literature research. Otisma can be used as an educational and communicational tool with autistic children. Otisma aids educators by using applied behaviour analysis (ABA) which is a scientifically validated method that helps autistic children work through areas of severe developmental delay, like language and nonverbal communication. Different lessons can be explored using an application that is controlled by the therapist. Otisma is an efficient educational tool that facilitates the learning process to maximise social skills for children with autism. Otisma is portable, affordable, user friendly, and can be equally used by therapists in clinics or parents at home.
Atomistic insight into the luminal allosteric regulation of vesicular glutamate transporter 2 by chloride and protons: An all‐atom molecular dynamics simulation study

Vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUTs) are essential components of synaptic transmission in the brain. Synaptic vesicles' luminal chloride and low pH regulate VGLUTs allosterically in a cooperative way. The luminal allosteric regulation of VGLUTs by chloride (Cl−) and proton (H+) is possible through the collective work of luminal Cl− and H+ binding site residues. However, precise atomistic details about the luminal Cl− binding to the luminal Cl− binding site and the role of allosteric activation by H+ in VGLUTs are unknown. Using all‐atom molecular dynamics simulations, this study demonstrates the critical role of Cl− binding site residues, details about Cl− binding to the luminal Cl− binding site, and the role of allosteric regulation of VGLUT2 by H+ at an atomistic level. By point mutations, we found out that Arginine (R184), Histidine (H128), and Glutamate (E191) are critical residues in the allosteric regulation of VGLUT2, R184 is the luminal Cl− binding site residue, and H128 and R88 support Cl− binding to R184. Furthermore, we found out that the protonation of H128 and E191 is important in Cl− binding to the luminal Cl− binding site. Furthermore, we investigated the essential interactions between Cl− and H+ binding site residues. Our results can give atomistic evidence for a previous experimental hypothesis about the VGLUTs luminal allosteric regulation by H+ and Cl−.
Prognosis value of Forrester's classification in advanced heart failure patients awaiting heart transplantation

The value of Forrester's perfusion/congestion profiles assessed by invasive catheter evaluation in non‐inotrope advanced heart failure patients listed for heart transplant (HT) is unclear. We aimed to assess the value of haemodynamic evaluation according to Forrester's profiles to predict events on the HT waitlist.
Effect of in ovo feeding of γ-aminobutyric acid combined with embryonic thermal manipulation on hatchability, growth, and hepatic gene expression in broilers

Objective This study investigated the effects of in ovo feeding of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and embryonic thermal manipulation (ETM) on growth performance, organ indices, plasma biochemical parameters, hepatic antioxidant levels, and expression of lipid metabolism-related genes in broilers. Methods Two hundred and fifty eggs were assigned to one of four treatments: control eggs incubated under standard conditions (CON); eggs that received an in ovo injection of 10% GABA on day 17.5 of incubation (G10); thermally manipulated eggs between days 10 and 18 of incubation at 39.6°C for 6 h daily (TM); and eggs that received both treatments during incubation (G10+TM). After 28 days of rearing, five birds per treatment were selected for blood and organ sampling. Results No differences were found in hatchability or growth parameters among different treatment groups. Hepatic gene expression of catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1) was upregulated (p = 0.046 and p = 0.006, respectively) in the G10+TM group, while that of nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (NRF2) was upregulated (p = 0.039) in the G10 group. In addition, the relative gene expression of NADPH oxidase 1 (NOX1) was significantly lower (p = 0.007) in all treatment groups than that in the CON group. Hepatic fatty acid synthase (FAS) levels and average daily feed intake (ADFI) of last week showed a positive correlation (r = 0.50, p = 0.038). In contrast, the relative gene expression of the extracellular fatty acid-binding protein (EXFAB) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) were positively correlated (r = 0.48, p = 0.042 and r = 0.50, p = 0.031) with the overall ADFI of birds. Conclusion Taken together, the results of this study suggest that the combination of in ovo feeding of GABA and ETM can enhance hepatic antioxidant function in broilers.
Active wake control: An approach to optimize the lifetime operation of wind farms

The wind turbines within a wind farm impact each other's power production and loads through their wakes. Wake control strategies, aiming to reduce wake effects, receive increasing interest by both the research community and the industry. A number of recent simulation studies with high fidelity wake models indicate that wake mitigation control is a very promising concept for increasing the power production of a wind farm and/or reducing the fatigue loading on wind turbines' components. The purpose of this paper is to study the benefits of wake mitigation control in terms of lifetime power production and fatigue loading on several existing full-scale commercial wind farms with different scale, layouts, and turbine sizes. For modeling the wake interactions, Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands' FarmFlow software is used: a 3DparabolizedNavier- Stokes code, including ak-E turbulence model. In addition, an optimization approach is proposed that maximizes the lifetimepowerproduction, thereby incorporating the fatigue loads into the optimization criterion in terms of a lifetime extension factor.
Individual and cumulative risk factors in developmental language disorder: A case-control study

Many mental disorders (MD) share common etiology, fuelling debates about the specificity of clinical categories and whether the presence of specific risk factors (RF) can distinguish among them. The study of developmental language disorder (DLD), more specifically, has been further hindered by a lack of consensus regarding its definition. These limitations increase the risk of under-detection and lifelong consequences for affected children. This paper aims (1) to document which individual RF allow differentiating DLD from other MD and (2) to compare the cumulative RF between children with DLD versus other MD. This case-control design study used medical records of a psychiatric sample of 795 preschoolers (mean age 4:11, 75% boys). A logistic regression measured the predictive value of potential RF on DLD. Later first sentences, maternal immigration and family history of language delay were identified as significant in explaining 30% of the variance for DLD diagnosis. An ANCOVA revealed that children with DLD were exposed to a significantly higher number of RF than were children with other MD. Public health policies informed with the knowledge of specific RF associated with DLD, and their cumulative impact, could improve early detection and reduce the cascade of negative consequences associated with DLD.
Radio Detection of Extrasolar Planets: Present and Future Prospects

The five “magnetic” planets in the solar system (Earth and the four gas giants) emit at radio frequencies because solar-wind powered electron currents deposit energy in their magnetic polar regions. We summarize predictions of the radio emission from the known extrasolar planets and initial detection efforts. Most of the known extrasolar planets should emit in the frequency range 10–1000 MHz and, under favorable circumstances, some may have flux densities above 0.1 Jy. The current limits set by observations with the Very Large Array (VLA) and the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) are consistent with but generally do not provide strong constraints on the predictions. Future radio telescopes, such as the Long Wavelength Array (LWA), the Mileura Widefield Array (MWA), Low Frequency Array (LOFAR) and the Square Kilometer Array (SKA), should be able to detect the known extrasolar planets or place austere limits on their radio emission. Planets with masses much lower than those in the current census will probably radiate below 10 MHz and will require a space-based array.
Seismic displacement response predictions using a calibrated substitute structure approach

Performance based design of structural systems requires realistic predictions of displacement response to earthquake excitation. Considerable research effort has been undertaken internationally with approximate methods published to enable practitioners to make some prediction of peak displacement demand. This paper describes some of the research that has been undertaken to examine the nature of deformation and damping in reinforced concrete frame systems based on a large data base of experimental testing with a particular focus on the substitute structure method. The findings have been incorporated into detailed time history analysis models that have, in turn, been used to calibrate a linear idealisation of response. Comparisons made with other published predictive methods have been encouraging for the limited structural range considered. The results suggest that a substitute structure methodology can be calibrated to provide an improved prediction of maximum displacement response when compared with other published methods.
Genome‐wide transcriptomic changes reveal the genetic pathways involved in insect migration

Insects are capable of extraordinary feats of long‐distance movement that have profound impacts on the function of terrestrial ecosystems. The ability to undertake these movements arose multiple times through the evolution of a suite of traits that make up the migratory syndrome, however the underlying genetic pathways involved remain poorly understood. Migratory hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) are an emerging model group for studies of migration. They undertake seasonal movements in huge numbers across large parts of the globe and are important pollinators, biological control agents and decomposers. Here, we assembled a high‐quality draft genome of the marmalade hoverfly (Episyrphus balteatus). We leveraged this genomic resource to undertake a genome‐wide transcriptomic comparison of actively migrating Episyrphus, captured from a high mountain pass as they flew south to overwinter, with the transcriptomes of summer forms which were non‐migratory. We identified 1543 genes with very strong evidence for differential expression. Interrogation of this gene set reveals a remarkable range of roles in metabolism, muscle structure and function, hormonal regulation, immunity, stress resistance, flight and feeding behaviour, longevity, reproductive diapause and sensory perception. These features of the migrant phenotype have arisen by the integration and modification of pathways such as insulin signalling for diapause and longevity, JAK/SAT for immunity, and those leading to octopamine production and fuelling to boost flight capabilities. Our results provide a powerful genomic resource for future research, and paint a comprehensive picture of global expression changes in an actively migrating insect, identifying key genomic components involved in this important life‐history strategy.