Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Semi-automated Estimation of Reliability Measures from MaintenanceWork Order Records

Determining mean-time-between-failure (MTBF) estimation for in-service assets is an essential process. Statistical distributions of end-of-life values are used to assess asset reliability performance and the effectiveness of maintenance strategy. However, identifying the end-of-life event for each instance of functional failure is an arduous, manual process dependent on structured and unstructured fields in the maintenance management system and rules used by individual reliability engineers. We emulate the process of end-of-life event detection using a natural language processing pipeline followed by statistical parameter estimation to produce MTBF values for in-service assets from maintenance work order data. Using this pipeline we test how alternate mappings of words in unstructured text and the use, or not, of structured data can impact the identification of end-of-life events. We demonstrate the pipeline on data sets from two industrial users with 14,508 and 89,259 maintenance work orders, respectively. We find that resulting MTBF estimates can vary from, for example, 97 to 226 days for a single asset depending on the mappings and rules used. The main contributions of this paper are a) a demonstration of the impact of undocumented decisions made by reliability engineers in identifying end-of-life events on MTBF estimates, and b) an end to end pipeline for MTBF estimation from raw maintenance work order texts. In addition, we provide open-source code for the pipeline that can be used by asset owning organisations to semi-automate the MTBF estimation process in a manner that is fast and scalable, and ensures the rules used for end of life determination are documented and hence the process is transparent and repeatable.
Dysgnathiechirurgie digital – Operationsschablonen und patientenspezifische Implantate

Zusammenfassung Die modernen Techniken des 3D-Druckverfahrens ermöglichen den Einsatz von Operationsschablonen und patientenspezifischen Implantaten. Basierend auf 3-dimensionalen Bilddatensätzen der Patienten (optische Scans, CT- oder DVT-Datensätzen) können komplexe bignathe Umstellungsoperationen sowie Kinnplastiken virtuell geplant und intraoperativ geführt umgesetzt werden. Durch die Verwendung CAD/CAM generierter Osteotomie- und Bohrschablonen und patientenspezifischer Osteosyntheseplatten besteht seit dem Jahr 2015 erstmals auch die Möglichkeit bei komplexen bignathen Operationen die Maxilla splintfrei in allen 3 Dimensionen planbar, präzise und reproduzierbar einzustellen. Die validierten Präzisionsdaten zu Planung und Endergebnis liegen signifikant unter denen der 2D-geplanten Operationen. Die Techniken der splintfreien Oberkieferpositionierung und schablonengeführten Kinnverlagerung ermöglichen erstmals und routinehaft die präzise Umsetzung des präoperativen Planes bei der Dysgnathieoperation, insbesondere im Ausbildungsbetrieb.
Rapid retinal functional testing

The most prominent causes of loss of vision in individuals over 50 years include age-related macular degeneration (AMD), glaucoma, and diabetic retinopathy (DR). While it is important to screen for these diseases effectively, current eye care is not properly doing so for much of the population, resulting in unfortunate visual disability and high costs for patients. Innovative functional testing can be unified with other screening methods for a more robust and safer screening and prediction of disease. The goal in the creation of functional testing modalities is to develop highly sensitive screening tests that are easy to use, accessible to all users, and inexpensive. The tests herein are deployed on an iPad with easily understood and intuitive instructions for rapid, streamlined, and automatic administration. These testing modalities could become highly sensitive screenings for early detection of potentially blinding diseases. The applications from our collaborators at AMA Optics include a cone photostress recovery test for detection of AMD and diabetic macular edema (DME), brightness balance perception for optic nerve dysfunction and especially glaucoma, color vision testing which is a broad screening tool, and visual acuity test. Machine learning with the combined structural and functional data will optimize identification of disease and prediction of outcomes. Here, we review and assess various tests of visual function that are easily administered on a tablet for screening in primary care. These user-friendly and simple screening tests allow patients to be identified in the early stages of disease for referral to specialists, proper assessment and treatment.
The Effects of Dietary Maoberry (Antidesma sp.) Pomace Supplementation on Broiler Growth Performance, Blood Parameters, Carcass Quality and Intestinal Histology

Background: Maoberry (Antidesma sp.) pomace (MP) is a waste product and therefore, it is important to exploit this resource as a feedstuff for animals. Hence, the current investigation is aimed to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation of MP on growth performance, blood parameters, carcass quality and intestinal histology in broilers.Methods: 288 male (Ross 308), 1-day-old broilers were individually weighed and steel wing tagged before allocation to one of 24 floor pens (12 birds/pen). All birds received the same standard starter diet (7-21 d old) and finisher diet (22-42 d old) to conform with NRC (1994). After week one, six dietary treatments were provided, which contained five different maoberry (Antidesma sp.) pomace or MP sources: 0%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4% and 0.5%. Result: At 42 d, broiler fed 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5% MP had increased feed efficiency (FE) when compared with broilers on basal diets. Dressing and breast percentages were significantly increased across groups. Broilers fed MP had significantly (P less than 0.05) increased epithelial cell areas and cellular mitosis levels. Supplementing dietary MP exerted positive effects on FE and intestinal histology as they were significantly (P less than 0.05) increased in MP fed birds.
A Jurdjevic-Quinn theorem for nonlinear stochastic systems

Abstract The main task of this paper is to provide sufficient conditions for the stabilizability of nonlinear stochastic differential systems which are not necessarily affine in the control. This result extends to non affine stochastic differential systems the well–known theorem of Jurdjevic-Quinn and incorporates an earlier version of the stochastic Jurdjevic-Quinn theorem proved by the author.
A Fuzzy Delphi Based Inference System for Detecting and Controlling Rice Weeds

In this research, the purpose was to design a fuzzy expert system based on fuzzy delphi method to detect and control the rice weed. The statistical population was elites and experts with regard to the science, experience and field of activity; 15 experts were selected as the sample. Two questionnaires were used to design the desired fuzzy expert: i) Fuzzy Delphi Technique Weed Detection Questionnaire, ii) Delphi Technique Weed Control Questionnaire. The design of the desired expert system was done with MATLAB software and the fuzzy logic tool box. That is, after obtaining an appropriate range of factors, through attributing the fuzzy trapezoidal membership functions to these ranges and generating the input functions, designing the rule base of this system and combining the output results of each factor, a system was designed whose input was the weed factor and the output was scores assigned to weeds. MATLAB guide was also used to design the graphical user interface. Then, for validation the designed system was tested. The answers of system and individual expert were then analyzed using paired t-test. Root Mean Square Error and Middle Absolute Value Deviation tests were used to calculate the system errors. The results were 0.12 and 0.01, respectively. This indicates that the designed fuzzy expert system has sufficient accuracy. Finally, given that all but two of the examined rules are the same as the diagnosis of an individual expert, then in 94% of the cases, the diagnosis of the system is the same as the diagnosis of an individual expert.
Social-behavioral development

The early child period is considered to be the crucial in the human life-span development. Healthy and normal early development of a child, including his/her physical, cognitive, emotional, and social development, strongly influences the subsequent personal and social functioning, well-being and life success. Behavioral development, and in particular social/behavioral development, is a crucial tool for survival and adaptation. In this article, three mechanisms that work in an interrelated and cooperative way in determining behavioral development will be discussed in more detail. Given the purpose and design of this paper, we will focus on some of the latest studies of the environmental factors considered to have the power to influence ontogenetic behavioral development and in particular, social/behavioral development.
ALS-Causing Protein TDP-43 Impairs SREBP2 Cholesterol Regulation

Dyslipidemia is correlated with the prognosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a fatal motor neuron disorder characterized pathologically by TAR DNA binding protein (TDP-43) inclusions. We investigated molecular mechanisms of lipid metabolism regulated by TDP-43 in ALS. Expression microarray and RNA deep sequencing (RNA-Seq) were performed using cell lines expressing doxycycline-inductive TDP-43. Gene expression and transcriptome profiling identified 434 significantly altered genes under high levels of TDP-43 (Tukey’s test, P < 0.05) including sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 (SREBP2), a master regulator of cholesterol homeostasis and its downstream genes. TDP-43 overexpression impaired SREBP2 transcriptional activity, leading to inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis via the nutrient- and growth factor-responsive kinase mTOR Complex I (mTORC1). The amount of cholesterol was significantly decreased in motor neuronal cultures derived from ALS-patient induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) as well as in the spinal fluids of ALS patients and in the spinal cord of ALS model mice. Impairment of cholesterol synthesis is caused by an increase in toxic function of TDP-43 in ALS.
Dual Stimuli-Responsive Dynamic Covalent Peptide Tags: Toward Sequence-Controlled Release in Tumor-like Microenvironments

Dynamic covalent chemistry (DCvC) has emerged as a versatile synthetic tool for devising stable, stimuli-responsive linkers or conjugates. The interplay of binding affinity, association and dissociation constants exhibits a strong influence on the selectivity of the reaction, the conversion rate, as well as the stability in aqueous solutions. Nevertheless, dynamic covalent interactions often exhibit fast binding and fast dissociation events or vice versa, affecting their conversion rates or stabilities. To overcome the limitation in linker design, we reported herein dual responsive dynamic covalent peptide tags combining a pH responsive boronate ester with fast association and dissociation rates, and a redox-active disulfide with slow formation and dissociation rate. Precoordination by boronic acid–catechol interaction improves self-sorting and selectivity in disulfide formation into heterodimers. The resulting bis-peptide conjugate exhibited improved complex stability in aqueous solution and acidic tumor-like extracellular microenvironment. Furthermore, the conjugate responds to pH changes within the physiological range as well as to redox conditions found inside cancer cells. Such tags hold great promise, through cooperative effects, for controlling the stability of bioconjugates under dilution in aqueous media, as well as designing intelligent pharmaceutics that react to distinct biological stimuli in cells.
Individual pension decision-making in a financialised landscape: a typology of everyday approaches

ABSTRACT In the UK, individuals are increasingly responsible for achieving an adequate retirement income, yet many people are not saving enough for later life. While we understand some of the structures that lead to differential pensions, we know very little about how people make decisions about their workplace pensions. This is a crucial question as an increasingly financialised landscape means that individuals must make financial decisions about whether to save, how much to save, whether and when to change investments. In this paper, I show that individual approaches to pension provision are not simply determined by structuring variables but are socially and culturally embedded, using qualitative interviews with purposively selected employees from three large private sector organisations. I propose a typology of four approaches to pension decision-making that connect to social and cultural meanings of everyday life, such as life status, identity and relationships. This typology challenges the economic models of rational decision-making that have been used to justify financialisation and highlights the need for later life provision which does not predominantly rely on individuals ability to save, taking into account social and cultural variations in financial behaviours as well as the inherent structural inequalities.
Feasibility of biodegradation of Azamethiphos; odour and fly controlling chemical used in open solid waste dumpsite at Karadiyana, Colombo, Sri Lanka

Azamethiphos (AZA) is an organophosphorus pesticide used to control flies and odour. Karadiyana is an open dumpsite in Colombo which creates problems like unpleasant odour and flies which have led to heavy use of AZA. Thus, the present study was aimed to isolate and characterize AZA degrading bacteria from the dumpsite. AZA was extracted from soil samples using the Solid Phase Extraction method and quantified by the High- Performance Liquid Chromatography. Soil and water recovery of AZA was recorded as 94.65 ± 0.13 mg L-1 and 94.02 ± 0.09 mg L-1 respectively. Partitioning coefficient values and high sorption coefficient values depicted AZA is likely to be in sorbed status combining with organic matter rather than being in an insoluble status. The bacteria; Bacillus graminis, Corynebacterium sp. , Enterobactor sp. , Micrococcus sp. and Lactobacillus sp. were identified as AZA degraders and complete removal of AZA was achieved at 10 days of incubation following the half-life time of 6, 2, 5, 5 and 3 days, respectively. The highest degradation rate (0.681 d-1) was recorded after 2 days of incubation with Corynebacterium sp. The most effective temperature was 33 °C and Lactobacillus sp. showed efficient degradation of AZA compared to the other isolates. The photo-oxidation effect on the removal of AZA was found to be low (47 %) compared with bacteria degradation (85 %). Hence, the result of the study showed that microbial degradation is the major path of removal of AZA from the environment considering only the natural routes of degradation.
A General Equilibrium Analysis on Bundling Pricing, Impersonal Networking Decisions and Division of Labour

Abstract This paper develops a general equilibrium model of impersonal networking decisions and bundling pricing, which departs from the other models of bundling sales by allowing substitution between goods, flexible quantities of goods, resale of any goods, competitive market, and ex ante identical utility function for all individuals. Applying Inframarginal Analysis, this model shows that the function of bundling pricing in a competitive market is to avoid direct pricing of goods with the lowest transaction efficiency, meanwhile getting the bundled goods involved in the division of labour and commercialised production, thereby promoting division of labour and aggregate productivity. According to this theory of bundling pricing, in a competitive market, bundling pricing is Pareto efficient and it plays a very important role to help utilize the positive network effects of the division of labour on aggregate productivity.
Dose escalated simultaneous integrated boost of gross nodal disease in gynecologic cancers: a multi-institutional retrospective analysis and review of the literature

Purpose Typical doses of 45–50.4 Gy used to treat regional nodes have demonstrated inadequate control of gross nodal disease (GND) in gynecologic cancer, and accelerated repopulation may limit the efficacy of a sequential boost. We reviewed outcomes of patients treated with a simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) at 2.25 Gy per fraction to positron emission tomography (PET) avid GND to evaluate toxicity and tumor control using this dose-escalated regimen. Materials and Methods A total of 83 patients with gynecologic cancer and PET avid inguinal, pelvic, or para-aortic lymphadenopathy were treated using intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) with SIB. Primary cancers were mostly cervical (51%) and endometrial (34%), and included patients who received concurrent chemotherapy (59%) and/or brachytherapy boost (78%). Results Median follow-up from radiation completion was 12.6 months (range, 2.7 to 92.9 months). Median dose to elective lymphatics was 50.4 Gy (range, 45 to 50.4 Gy) at 1.8 Gy/fraction. Median SIB dose and volume were 63 Gy (range, 56.3 to 63 Gy) and 72.8 mL (range, 6.8 to 1,134 mL) at 2–2.25 Gy/fraction. Nodal control was 97.6% in the SIB area while 90.4% in the low dose area (p = 0.013). SIB radiotherapy (RT) field failure-free, non-SIB RT field failure-free, and out of RT field failure-free survival at 4 years were 98%, 86%, and 51%, respectively. Acute and late grade ≥3 genitourinary toxicity rates were 0%. Acute and late grade ≥3 gastrointestinal toxicity rates were 7.2% and 12.0%, respectively. Conclusion Dose escalated SIB to PET avid adenopathy results in excellent local control with acceptable toxicity.
What Do Bell-Tests Prove? A Detailed Critique of Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt Including Counterexamples

Many future directions of scientific endeavors depend on quantum theory and the precise interpretation and significance of the entanglement of quantum-particles. This interpretation depends in turn on the physical meaning of so called Bell-tests that are mostly performed using entangled photons and randomly switched polarizers to measure their polarization at distant locations. This paper presents a detailed critique of the well known theory of Bell tests given by Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt (CHSH). It is demonstrated that several important steps of the CHSH derivations contain serious inaccuracies of the underlying physics and probability theory and even a calculus error. As a consequence, the Bell-CHSH theory cannot be used to demonstrate extreme and opposite interpretations of entanglement such as super-luminal influences or alternatively super-determinism that cast aspersions on Einstein’s concepts of locality and separability.
Bernoulli Time Series Modelling with Application to Accommodation Tourism Demand

In this research, a new uncertainty method has been developed and applied to forecasting the hotel accommodation market. The simulation and training of Time Series data are from January 2001 to December 2018 in the Spanish case. The Log-log BeTSUF method estimated by GMM-HAC-Newey-West is considered as a contribution for measuring uncertainty vs. other prognostic models in the literature. The results of our model present better indicators of the RMSE and Ratio Theil’s for the predictive evaluation period of twelve months. Furthermore, the straightforward interpretation of the model and the high descriptive capacity of the model allow economic agents to make efficient decisions.
Ex and In Situ Reactivity and Sorption of Selenium in Opalinus Clay in the Presence of a Selenium Reducing Microbial Community

79Se is a critical radionuclide concerning the safety of deep geological disposal of certain radioactive wastes in clay-rich formations. To study the fate of selenium oxyanions in clayey rocks in the presence of a selenium reducing microbial community, in situ tests were performed in the Opalinus Clay at the Mont Terri Rock Laboratory (Switzerland). Furthermore, biotic and abiotic batch tests were performed to assess Se(VI) and Se(IV) reactivity in the presence of Opalinus Clay and/or stainless steel, in order to support the interpretation of the in situ tests. Geochemical modeling was applied to simulate Se(VI) reduction, Se(IV) sorption and solubility, and diffusion processes. This study shows that microbial activity is required to transform Se(VI) into more reduced and sorbing Se species in the Opalinus Clay, while in abiotic conditions, Se(VI) remains unreactive. On the other hand, Se(IV) can be reduced by microorganisms but can also sorb in the presence of clay without microorganisms. In situ microbial reduction of Se oxyanions can occur with electron donors provided by the clay itself. If microorganisms would be active in the clay surrounding a disposal facility, microbial reduction of leached Se could thus contribute to the overall retention of Se in clayey host rocks.
Sulfur Hosts against the Shuttle Effect

Lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries are considered as a substitute for conventional batteries as they are the most promising next‐generation energy‐storage system due to their high energy densities. However, their short cycling life, limited sulfur loading, severe polysulfide shuttling, and low sulfur utilization critically impede grid‐level‐storage energy techniques in Li–S batteries. The lithium shuttle effect results in rapid capacity fading and battery failure. The design and fabrication of sulfur hosts are key points to eliminate the aforementioned issues, especially the shuttle effect. In the past decade, spatial encapsulation and chemical interaction have improved the adsorption capacity of lithium polysulfides for the sulfur hosts and thus prolonged the lifetime of Li–S batteries. In an attempt to promote future research on the sulfur cathode and foster breakthroughs in Li–S batteries, recent achievements are highlighted, mechanical insights are discussed, and the remaining challenges and future research directions in the innovation of sulfur cathodes are identified.
Expenditure Patterns of Foreign Resident Visitors and Foreign Tourist Visitors at a Day-Trip Nature-Based Destination

In this study, we examined the difference in expenditure patterns between foreign resident visitors and foreign tourist visitors at a nature-based destination. We also examined the effects of sociodemographic profiles, travel characteristics, and perceived importance on expenditure patterns during off-peak and peak seasons. Generally, the results revealed low average daily expenditure compared with other nature-based destinations. Whereas no differences were observed during the off-peak season, the sociodemographic characteristics, travel characteristics, perceived importance, and expenditure pattern differed between foreign resident and foreign tourist visitors during the peak season. These results suggest that patterns of expenditure and perceived importance of foreign visitors are influenced by the seasonality of a nature-based destination. On the other hand, foreign resident visitors and foreign tourist visitors differ in their characteristics, perceived importance of destination attributes, and expenditure patterns, particularly during the peak season. Longer periods of residence in the host country might result in foreign resident visitors becoming local visitors. Our findings contribute to practical knowledge of the segmentation of foreign visitors at nature-based destinations.