Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Cost of Sending a Bit Across a Living Cell

F or a cell to stay alive, its different parts must be able to exchange signals. Transmitting signals consumes energy, of which every cell has a limited supply. Now Samuel Bryant and Benjamin Machta, two physicists at Yale University, have derived the minimum energy that a cell needs to transmit an internal signal using electrical current, molecular diffusion, or sound waves [1]. Their calculations show that the most efficient signaling mechanism depends on several factors, including the distance that the signal needs to travel. This finding matches everyday human experiences of
A Fuzzing Method for Security Testing of Sensors

The security issues in sensors impede the experience of using sensors to improve the quality of our life. By analyzing security issues in open-source programs for sensors, we can understand the security problems in sensors. Fuzzing is one of the most effective techniques to identify potential software vulnerabilities. Most fuzzers aim to improve code coverage. However, a tester may want to focus on examining some specific code regions. In this article, we proposed a deep learning (DL)-guided fuzzing for software vulnerability detection, named DeFuzz. DeFuzz includes two main schemes: 1) we employ a pretrained DL prediction model to identify the potentially vulnerable functions and the locations (i.e., vulnerable addresses). Precisely, we employ bidirectional-LSTM (BiLSTM) to identify attention words and the vulnerabilities associated with these attention words in functions; and 2) then, we employ directed fuzzing to examine the potential vulnerabilities by generating inputs that tend to arrive at the predicted locations. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed DeFuzz technique, we have conducted experiments on real-world data sets. Experimental results show that our DeFuzz can discover more coverage and run faster than AFL. Moreover, DeFuzz exposes 43 more bugs than AFL on real-world applications.
Hypothyroidism in pregnancy - a review

Introduction: Thyroid diseases, right after diabetes, are the most common endocrine disorder in pregnant women. Hypothyroidism occurs most frequently among all of the thyroid dysfunctions. Thyroid hormones are essential for the proper course of pregnancy and correct fetal development. Even a mild deficiency carries the risk of complications for both mother and child. It is therefore important to make a swift diagnosis, implement appropriate substitution treatment and monitor the course of the disease throughout pregnancy and in the postpartum period. Purpose of the work: The article reviews the current state of knowledge regarding maternal hypothyroidism in pregnancy. The aim of the review is to highlight the prevalence of the disease, stress the associated adverse outcomes and present the recommended management. Materials and methods: A literature research on PubMed, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar databases was done up to May 2023 with restriction to English and Polish language articles regarding hypothyroidism and pregnancy. Summary: It is extremely important to perform TSH screening tests in women planning pregnancy and during the first obstetric visit. Due to the prevalence of thyroid disorders in society, it is necessary to educate both patients and physicians. An uncomplicated diagnosis process, low cost of screening tests and available treatment methods are able to prevent the often tragic consequences of maternal hypothyroidism.
MEDICIÓN DEL EFECTO DE LA INSTALACIÓN DE UNA LÁMINA REFLECTORA Y SELECTIVA DE RADIACIÓN SOLAR EN LA PRODUCCIÓN DE ENERGÍA ELÉCTRICA DE UN PANEL FOTOVOLTAICO

iv Agradecimientos . v Glosario . vi Nomenclatura . vii Índice General . viii 1. Introducción . 13 1.1. Información General . 13 1.2. Descripción del problema . 14 1.3. Objetivo General . 14 1.4. Objetivos Específicos. 14 1.5. Situación Energética Nacional . 15 1.5.1. Energía Solar . 15 1.5.2. Capacidad Instalada. 17 1.5.3. Catastro de Proyectos . 18 1.6. Marco Teórico . 19 1.6. 1. Marco Teórico Panel Fotovoltaico . 19 1.6. 2. Modelos Radiación . 20 1.6. 3. Evolución Tecnologías PV . 22 2. Estado del Arte . 23 2.1. Film Reflector "Cool Mirror" . 23 2.2. Tecnologías Existentes. 24 2.2.1. Experimento con Reflector de Aluminio . 24 2.2.2. Sistema “RAIS WAVE”. 26 2.2. 3. Concentrador Solar “3X” . 27 2.2. 4. TenK Solar . 29 3. Metodología de Medición . 30 3.1. Error . 30 3.2. Variables de Medición . 32 3.2.1. Temperatura . 32 3.2.2. Radiación Incidente . 33 ix 3.2. 3. Potencia Eléctrica Generada en el Panel . 34 3.2. 4. Eficiencia Panel . 34 3.3. Instrumentos y Calibración . 34 3.3.1. Termocuplas . 35 3.3.2. Piranómetros. 39 3.3.3. Inversores . 42 3.3. 4. Amplificador de Señal . 42 4. Diseño Experimental . 46 4.1. Montaje disponible. 46 4.2. Modificación Montaje . 47 4.3. Disposición Instrumentos de Medición . 49 4.4. Configuraciones de Prueba . 49 4.4.1. Óptimo Panel – Óptimo Reflector . 50 4.4.2. Fijo Panel – Óptimo Reflector . 51 4.4.3. Fijo Panel – Reflector sin Sombreamiento . 52 5. Resultados y Conclusiones . 53 5.1. Efecto Visual . 53 5.2. Óptimo Panel – Óptimo Reflector . 55 5.3. Fijo Panel – Óptimo Reflector . 60 5.4. Fijo Panel – Reflector sin Sombreamiento . 61 5.5. Conclusiones . 63 6. Bibliografía . 65 7. Anexos . 67
Optimal Power Allocation and Rate Combination in X-Type NOMA Wireless Relay Networks

We study an X-type non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) wireless relay network that consists of an uplink multiple access channel and a downlink broadcast channel. We formulate a non-convex optimization problem to obtain an optimal power allocation factor and an optimal rate vector that maximize the end-to-end sum rate. To solve the optimization problem, we prove four theorems that contain closed-form expressions for the optimal solutions. We also use computer simulation to obtain some numerical results.
Corrected: A Young Adult With Essential Thrombocythemia Presenting as Myocardial Infarction

Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm involving the clonal proliferation of platelets. It is Philadelphia negative and is associated with Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), calreticulin (CALR), or myeloproliferative leukemia virus oncogene (MPL) mutations. The resultant platelets have quantitative and qualitative defects, making them more sticky and prone to thromboembolism. However, ET does not only affect platelet survival, it also has a low leukemogenic potential. It's more common in the elderly, 60 years or more, but can be seen in all age groups, including children. Patients with ET have an increased risk of vascular events like hemorrhage and thromboses like cerebrovascular events, myocardial infarction, superficial thrombophlebitis, deep vein thrombosis, and pulmonary embolism. Cardiovascular risk factors like hypertension, diabetes, and smoking can lead to increased thromboembolism and atherosclerosis. The management of ET focuses primarily on the prevention of thrombosis and hemorrhage. It involves cardiovascular risk management and antiplatelet and cytoreductive therapy according to the risk stratification. Low-risk ET patients are treated with low-dose aspirin, and high-risk ET patients are treated with cytoreductive therapy with hydroxyurea. Interferon (IFN) and anagrelide are reserved for young patients or pregnant women. This case report discusses a 40-year-old male, a known smoker presenting with myocardial infarction and left anterior descending artery (LAD) blockage without any prior history. His high platelets and the relative absence of cardiovascular risk factors helped reach the diagnosis, and bone marrow analysis and mutation analysis confirmed the diagnosis. The patient was started on hydroxyurea, which decreased the total platelet count.
Perceptions of Wildfire Threat and Mitigation Measures by Residents of Fire-Prone Communities in the Northeast: Survey Results and Wildland Fire Management Implications

We surveyed residents of fire-prone areas of the Central Pine Barrens of Long Island, New York, and the Plymouth Pine Barrens in Massachusetts to learn how they perceived wildland fire risk and management techniques for reducing fire hazard. We found that residents considered the fire threat to their own property to be relatively low in spite of first-hand experience with wildfires; support for fuel breaks and mechanical treatments was higher than support for prescribed fire; support for mitigation treatments increased with increased knowledge about those treatments; and residents showed a strong desire to be involved in forest planning to manage wildfire danger. Key points from the study for managing wildland-urban interface areas include the following: (1) Public education and outreach efforts about fuel-hazard reduction planning need to be increased well in advance of changing forest management. (2) Wildland-urban interface communities differ from each other? implementation strategies should be tailored to the particular area. (3) Voluntary defensible space programs will be easier to implement than mandatory ones. (4) The public needs to be involved early in fuel-hazard planning.
Performance enhancement of smart grid with demand side management program contemplating the effect of uncertainty of renewable energy sources

ABSTRACT In a day ahead electricity market, all candidates of the electricity market, i.e. electricity users, aggregator, and grid operator urge to grow individual profit, but it is quite challenging to assure profit for all the candidates at a time. In this work, a multi-objective problem is formulated by combining the concept of demand side management (DSM) and Dynamic Economic Emission Dispatch (DEED). The multi-objective DSM – DEED problem is optimized by class topper optimization algorithm. In addition, an energy management algorithm (EMA) is proposed for optimal power utilization from various energy sources and to match the load demand with generated energy in presence of uncertainties of RESs. To get an accurate model, a random forest regression-based machine learning approach is considered in this paper to predict load demand, wind, and solar power on an hourly basis for a span of 24 hours. The objective here is to optimally schedule load consumption and power generation patterns simultaneously for a day to improve load factor, minimize operational cost, and maximize the profit of all the candidates of the electricity market simultaneously. The simulation findings highlight the effects of the proposed EMA and modified DSM program on the smart grid’s economy and performance. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Isolation enhancement of densely packed array antennas with periodic MTM-photonic bandgap for SAR and MIMO systems

A metamaterial photonic bandgap (MTM-PBG) periodic structure is used as a decoupling frame to improve the isolation between transmit–receive (T/R) sections of densely packed array antenna in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. With this technique the MTM-PBG structure is shown to effectively suppress surface wave propagations between the T/R array antennas by an average of 12dB. MTM-PBG layer comprises a periodic arrangement of dielectric circles etched in the cross-shaped microstrip frame that is inserted between the radiating elements. Unlike other recently reported methods, the advantages of the proposed technique are:(i) simplicity; (ii) cost effectiveness as there is no need for short-circuited via-holes or 3D metal walls; and (iii) can be retrofitted in existing array antennas. The proposed T/R array antennas were designed to operate over an arbitrary frequency range (9.25-11GHz) with a fractional bandwidth (FBW) of 17.28%. With this technique (i) the side-lobes are reduced; (ii) there is minimal effect on the gain performance; and (iii) the minimum edge-to-edge gap between adjacent radiating elements can be reduced to 0. 15λ at 9.25GHz.
EFFICACY OF PLATELET RICH FIBRIN IN COMBINATION WITH ENAMEL MATRIX DERIVATIVE ON PERIODONTAL TISSUES REGENERATION IN RATS.

Noraddin R. Almaqtari 1 , Islam Ateia 2 , Menatalla M. Elhindawy 3 , Fatma M. Ibrahim 4 and Jilan M. Youssef 5 . 1. BDS, Faculty of Dentistry, Sana'a University, Yemen. 2. Lecturer of Oral Medicine & Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Egypt. 3. Lecturer of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Egypt. 4. Professor of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Egypt. 5. Professor of Oral Medicine, Periodontology, Diagnosis and Oral Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Egypt. Manuscript Info Abstract . Manuscript History Received: 12 November 2018 Final Accepted: 14 December 2018 Published: January 2019 Objectives: Evaluating the efficacy of enamel matrix derivative in combination with platelet rich fibrin on periodontal tissues regeneration in rats. Material and methods: This experimental trail that was conducted on twenty-four adult healthy male Wistsr rats, animals were housed in separated cages as two rats per cage. Rats were kept in suitable conditions like temperature, humidity, standard food for rodents. Animals randomly allocated into 3 groups (8 rats each); G1: control group, left to heal without intervention, G2: treated by enamel matrix derivatives (EMD), G3: treated by enamel matrix derivatives plus platelet rich fibrin (EMD+PRF). Induced periodontal fenestration defects were created at buccal side of the distal root of the 1 st
Contributions des technologies de précision pour améliorer les conditions de travail dans les élevages agroécologiques : questionnements et perspectives

Cet article analyse la contribution potentielle de l’élevage de précision à l’amélioration des conditions de travail des éleveurs engagés dans une démarche de transition agroécologique. L’agroécologie ne conduit pas forcément à de meilleures conditions de travail (temps de travaux, complexité et charge mentale, savoirs). Les technologies de précision pourraient aider à la transition agroécologique des élevages en réduisant les charges de travail, en donnant plus de souplesse dans les horaires ou encore en aidant à la gestion de situations complexes. Cependant, pour d’autres dimensions du travail à enjeux pour la transition agroécologique – l’autonomie décisionnelle, le rapport aux animaux et à la nature –, des réserves et des questionnements subsistent. Nous concluons que plus que les fondements de l’agroécologie et de l’élevage de précision, parfois antagonistes, parfois complémentaires, c’est bien la façon dont les éleveurs vivent leur travail qui sera important à prendre en compte pour que les technologies du numérique soit un réel support à la transition agroécologique.
PENGARUH PERSONAL SELLING DAN SALES PROMOTION TERHADAP PURCHASE INTENTION PADA PRODUK PERALATAN ALAT KANTOR (Studi Pada Perusahaan CV. Tunas Abadi Malang)

Penelitian ini bertujuan: 1) Menganalisis pengaruh personal selling terhadap purchase intention pada produk peralatan kantor di CV. Tunas Abadi Malang, 2) Untuk Menganalisis pengaruh sales promotion terhadap purchase intention pada produk peralatan kantor di CV. Tunas Abadi Malang. Berdasarkan dari jenis data dan analisisnya penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penilitian kuantitatif, dan jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah explanatory reseach, yang menjelaskan hubungan kausal diantara variable – variable melalui pengujian hipotesa yang telah dirumuskan sebelumnya. Lokasi penelitian ini dilakukan pada CV. TUNAS ABADI MALANG pada bulan Mei 2018. Teknik pengambilan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknik non probability sampling dengan jenis purposive sampling. Pengambilan data penelitian ini menggunakan koesioner, dengan 100 responden. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan data primer adalah data yang secara langsung diberikan kepada pengumpul data, dan data sekunder: adalah data yang tidak didapat secara langsung oleh pengumpul data dan telah diolah lebih lanjut menjadi bentuk – bentuk seperti table, grafik diagram, gambar, dan sebagainya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Variabel Personal Selling dan sales promotion memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan secara simultan terhadap purchase intention. Berdasarkan pada hasil uji t secara partial didapatkan bahwa personal selling mendorong terjadinya purchase intention. berdasarkan pada hasil uji t secara partial didapatkan bahwa sales promotion mendorong terjadinya purchse intention. Berdasarkan hasil uji t didapatkan bahwa variable sales promotion mempunyai nilai t hitung dan koefisien beta yang paling besar. Sehinnga variabel sales promotion mempunyai pengaruh yang paling kuat dibandingkan dengan variable personal selling, maka variable sales promotion mempunyai pengaruh yang dominan terhadap purchase intention. K ata Kunci: Personal selling, Sales Promotion, dan purchase Intention
Corbicula fluminea as a bioaccumulation indicator species : a case study at the Columbia and Willamette Rivers

Abstract : The freshwater Asiatic Clam, Corbicula fluminea, is found in abundance throughout North America. C. fluminea are primarily considered filter-feeders; however, they routinely bury in the sediment for extended periods and filter interstitial sediment water (pore water) or pedal-feed. C. fluminea shows promise as a model trophic-niche freshwater test organism or as an indicator species for bioaccumulation studies for the assessment of contaminants in sediments as part of dredging, restoration, remediation, and monitoring evaluations. In August and September 2005, 32 nearshore locations were sampled for C. fluminea along the Columbia River from Vista Park near Skamokawa, Washington (River Mile 32) to Warrendale, Oregon (River Mile 147). Four additional samples were collected in the lower Willamette River, near its confluence with the Columbia River (Columbia River Mile 102). Tissue samples were analyzed for semi-volatile compounds (including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, PAH); chlorinated pesticides; polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB Aroclors and 209 congeners); polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE; fire retardants); organotins; and four metals (Hg, Pb, Zn, Cd). All clam tissue had detectable levels of many of the chemicals analyzed. Statistical relationships among sampling stations were elucidated using exploratory multivariate statistical techniques. Relative abundances of major constituents were superimposed on regional maps displaying the sampling stations. A mid-reach point source for PCBs was identified, as were localized areas of DDTs, PBDEs, and PAHs.
Magnetic Turbulence Spectra and Intermittency in the Heliosheath and in the Local Interstellar Medium

The understanding of inertial-scale dynamics in the heliosheath is not yet thorough. Magnetic field fluctuations across the inner heliosheath (IHS) and the local interstellar medium (LISM) are here considered to provide accurate and highly resolved statistics over different plasma conditions between 88 and 136 au. By using the unique in situ 48 s measurements from the Voyager Interstellar Mission, we investigate different fluctuation regimes at the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) scales, down to the MHD-to-kinetic transition. We focus on a range of scales exceeding five frequency decades (5 × 10−8 < f < 10−2 Hz), which is unprecedented in literature analysis. A set of magnetic field data for eight intervals in the IHS, in both unipolar and sector regions, and four intervals in the LISM is used for the analysis. Results are set forth in terms of the power spectral density, spectral compressibility, structure functions, and intermittency of magnetic field increments. In the heliosheath, we identify the energy-injection regime displaying a ∼1/f energy decay, and the inertial-cascade regime. Here, the power spectrum is anisotropic and dominated by compressive modes, with intermittency that can reach kurtosis values of up to 10. In the interstellar medium the structure of turbulence is anisotropic as well, with transverse fluctuations clearly prevailing after 2015 May. Here, we show that intermittent features occur only at scales smaller than 10−6 Hz.
Fundamental Limits for Implanted Antennas: Maximum Power Density Reaching Free Space

Fundamental limits on antenna performances are of key interest to the antenna designer, as they allow fast assessment of the feasibility of specific antenna requirements. These limits are defined by the key performance indicators (KPI) of specific antennas, such as the directivity for large aperture antennas or the achievable bandwidth on electrically small antennas. These limits have been obtained considering that the antenna radiates into free space. In this contribution, we develop the fundamental limits for implanted antennas, which thus radiate first into a lossy medium. KPIs assessing the quality of a specific antenna radiating into lossy medium are the total radiated power reaching free space (out of the lossy host medium) and the maximum power density obtained at the surface of the lossy host medium. The fundamental limits for implanted antennas proposed in this paper yield upper bounds for both KPIs and have been obtained considering elementary sources radiating into a spherical phantom. The spherical wave expansion of the electromagnetic fields was used to determine all the fields, and the limits obtained yield a useful upper bound for more complex scenarios.
Specific Language Impairment and Executive Functions in School-Age Children: A Systematic Review

This systematic review examines the relationship between specific language impairment (SLI) and executive functions (EFs) in school-age children. The study investigates the impact of SLI on EF in comparison to children who develop normally. A total of 2,658 articles from three databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Virtual Health Library) were assessed for inclusion. Ultimately, 22 articles were selected for analysis, which contained information on both SLI and EF. The findings indicate that children diagnosed with SLI exhibit deficits, low performance, and, in some cases, significant deterioration in the development of EF when compared to typically developing children in 62%-91% of cases as early as three to four years of age; the most commonly found alterations were in working memory (including phonological, auditory, and visual/verbal memory), followed by deficits in attention, processing speed, inhibition, planning, cognitive flexibility, and internalized speech. We also discuss the close relationship and importance between language and EF in SLI children.
A Novel Approach to the Unsupervised Update of Land-Cover Maps by Classification of Time Series of Multispectral Images

This paper presents an unsupervised approach that extracts reliable labeled units from outdated maps to update them using time series (TS) of recent multispectral (MS) images. The method assumes that: 1) the source of the map is unknown and may be different from remote sensing data; 2) no ground truth is available; 3) the map is provided at polygon level, where the polygon label represents the dominant class; and 4) the map legend can be converted into a set of classes discriminable with the TS of images (i.e., no land-use classes that require manual analysis are considered). First, the outdated map is adapted to the spatial and spectral properties of the MS images. Then, the method identifies reliable labeled units in an unsupervised way by a two-step procedure: 1) a clustering analysis performed at polygon level to detect samples correctly associated to their labels and 2) a consistency analysis to discard polygons far from the distribution of the related land-cover class (i.e., having high probability of being mislabeled). Finally, the map is updated by classifying the recent TS of MS image with an ensemble of classifiers trained using only the reference data derived from the map. The experimental results obtained updating the 2012 Corine Land Cover (CLC) and the GlobLand30 in Trentino Alto Adige (Italy) achieved 93.2% and 93.3% overall accuracy (OA) on the validation data set. The method increased the OA up to 18% and 11.5% with respect to the reference methods on the 2012 CLC and the GlobLand30, respectively.