Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
BIOACCUMULATION RATIOS OF SEDIMENT-BOUND HEAVY METALS OF PORSUK AND ENNE DAM LAKES (KÜTAHYA/TURKEY) TO DIFFERENT TISSUES OF COMMON CARP (Cyprinus carpio)

In this study, sediment-bound heavy metal levels of Enne and Porsuk Dam Lakes and their bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) to various tissues (Muscle, skin, gill, liver and intestine) of common carp ( Cyprinus carpio ) were investigated. After per month acclimation period the fingerlings were subjected to one month assay in eight tanks. The analyses of heavy metals (Hg, Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, Mn, Ni, Fe, Cr, B, Ag and Se) were performed with Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) in Laboratory of Environmental Issues Research and Training Centre, Anadolu University. Hg and B were not encountered in sediments of both Enne and Porsuk Dam Lakes. There were any statistical differences (Except Zn) between heavy metal concentrations of both dame lakes. According to international criterias and Turkish regulations, heavy metal concentrations (Except Ni) in sediment of both dame lakes were markedly below the maximum permissible levels. BAFs of the elements were significantly different. Metal levels in various tissues of the sediment-treated group were generally higher than those of the control group. Althouhg BAFs (from sediments) of some elements were above 1 in some tissues, BAFs of all elements were also markedly below 1 in the muscle tissue.
The contribution of Stanisław Dżułyński to flysch sedimentology: A ‘Western’ perspective

In his ground-breaking research on the sedimentary structures of turbidites, Stanislaw Dzulynski demonstrated and took to new levels of accomplishment the defining attributes of the Krakow School of flysch sedimentology established by Marian Ksiązkiewicz at the Jagiellonian University. These attributes included a meticulous approach to fieldwork, the ability to recognize the scalar and vector relationships of diverse sedi- mentary features, a working knowledge of several languages, a capacity to describe systematically structures that had previously received scant attention in the world literature of geology, and innovation in the transfer of scientific knowledge. Dzulynski also added elements that were distinctively his own: a highly inventive approach to the replication of turbidite sedimentary structures in laboratory flumes, an openness to new ideas, boundless enthusiasm for his chosen field, and an exuberantly outgoing personality. In spite of worldwide recognition for his numerous and wide-ranging achievements in geology, he viewed himself first and foremost as one of the senior students of Marian Ksiązkiewicz. In this role, Dzulynski utilised every opportunity to present with great insight and objectivity the work of the Krakow School, enthusiastically shared his extensive knowledge of sedimentology with experienced colleagues and new acquaintances alike and, in particular, gave generous encouragement to young researchers.
Defence Strategies of Annual Plants Against Drought

Eszter Nemeskeri1, Krisztina Molnar2, Robert Vig3, Attila Dobos3 and Janos Nagy2 1Research Institute and Model Farms, Center of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, University of Debrecen 2Institute for Land Utilisation, Technology and Regional Development, Center of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, University of Debrecen 3Hungarian Academy of Sciences University of Debrecen Research Group of Cultivation and Regional Development Hungary
Attention and Motor Skill Learning

Chapter 1: Attention Focusing and the Learning Process Chapter 2: Instructions and Focus of Attention Chapter 3: Feedback and Attentional Focus Chapter 4: Theoretical Explanations Chapter 5: Special Tasks and Special Populations Chapter 6: Attentional Focus and Expertise Chapter 7: Conclusions.
Comparison of the feasibility of three flood‐risk extent delineation techniques using Geographic Information System: case study in Tavoliere delle Puglie, Italy

Delineation of flood‐risk extent is a tedious task which normally requires the expertise of trained hydrologists. In order to provide a quicker and more automated approach for estimating flood‐risk extent, three straightforward methods (Mahalanobis distance, Maximin and Equally likely decision methods) which are easily executed in Geographic Information System were investigated and applied to a study area in the so‐called ‘Tavoliere delle Puglie’ (southern Italy). The delineated areas were then visually and statistically confronted with a methodology based on hydrologic expertise that can be considered up to date with current flood‐risk zone delineation knowledge. Two major problems associated with flood‐risk extent estimation are firstly the overwhelming complexity of the wide variety of spatially relevant flood‐related data and the amount of information contained within these data that are not easily interpreted without often costly and time consuming hydrologic expertise, and secondly, the wide variety of criteria usually considered in flood‐risk analysis, yielding a broad spectrum of different units involved. The comparative analysis has revealed that of the three alternative methods, only the Mahalanobis distance technique gave moderately comparable results with the methodology based on hydrologic expert knowledge. The results suggest and confirm that hydrologic expertise cannot be bypassed in flood‐risk extent analysis.
Evolutionary Anatomy of the Primate Cerebral Cortex: Bigger is better: primate brain size in relationship to cognition

Debates between Harry Jerison and Ralph Holloway enlightened and expanded our understandings of the evolution of the human brain and human mind for a period of several decades. Jerison argued that quantitative increases in neural tissue and in neural information processing capacity were the most important determinants of human intelligence (Jerison, 1973). Holloway took a seemingly contradictory stance, that the human brain had been reorganized in relationship to the brains of other primates and that this reorganization was the primary determinant of human mental capacities (Holloway, 1966). These debates have waned in recent years with the realizations that quantitative change and neural reorganization are not mutually exclusive phenomena. Indeed, in mammals, increased brain size correlates with or predicts various forms of brain reorganization including decreased neuronal density, increased ratios of connections to neurons, increased numbers of gyri and fissures, increased neuronal specialization, and increased size of the neocortex, cerebellum, hippocampus, corpus striatum, and diencephalon and other neural structures (Finlay & Darlington, 1995; Gibson & Jessee, 1999; Jerison, 1973, 1982, 1985). Increased numbers of neural processing units or ‘modules’ would also be expected to result in increased amounts of neural tissue (Preuss, Chapter 7, this volume). These considerations suggest that among closely related mammalian species those with the larger brains may well have the greatest mental abilities. Not only will they have greater overall information processing capacities, but also, in many cases, they will have increased numbers of neural modules, increased size of the neocortex and of other higher neural processing areas, and increased neural connectivity.
Study of the health effects of bicycling in an urban atmosphere. Final report

This report analyzes data on the health effects of bicycling in an urban environment through intensive study of ten healthy male subjects bicycling or driving in systematically varied conditions in the streets of Washington, D.C. Evaluation criteria for available technology and instrumentation are included and a methodology is developed for route selection. Specific air pollutants (carbon monoxide, ozone, sulfates, nitrates, and particulates) are measured concurrently with exposure and subsequent changes in health status identified through pulmonary function testing, cardiovascular testing, and blood and symptoms analysis. The report concludes that no major adverse short-term health effects were noted for ten healthy male subjects while bicycling or driving in levels of pollution and thermal stress encountered during the study period. Recommendations for further research are also presented.
Improving Hospitality Industry Sales

From its origin in the airline industry nearly sixty years ago, revenue management has expanded to other hospitality industries, notably lodging and rental cars. More recently, “nontraditional” service industries, such as restaurants, golf courses, and casinos, have begun to adapt and apply revenue management principles. The first revenue-management—related article appeared in the Cornell Quarterly in 1988—an article that introduced revenue management concepts to the hotel industry. Subsequently, the Quarterly has published numerous revenue management studies, covering hotels, restaurants, golf courses, and function space. In addition, CQ has examined distribution and pricing issues. This review of twenty-plus years of CQ articles documents the expansion of revenue management themes as published in the Quarterly and suggests directions for future revenue management research.
Policy recommendations: towards socially robust smart grids

This report presents the policy recommendations that follow from the EPINET projects investigations into assessments of ethical, legal and societal aspects of smart electricity grids in the European Union. Its main objective has been to evaluate the state-of-the-art in assessments in this domain, especially focusing on the ways in which these may interact with or become integrated into main research and innovation networks, including the making of research and policy agendas. These recommendations are aimed at, and relevant to, different groups and networks involved in smart electricity and governance at European and national levels. At one level of policy action there are the many advisory and expert groups involved in the design and development of smart grids. These include the EU Commission Task Force for Smart Grid. National initiatives such as the Dutch Smart Energy Collective form another target audience. Also relevant are the expert groups participating in the shaping of Horizon 2020 ICT programme (Societal Challenges and LEIT) and the European Institute of Innovation and Technology, national research councils and their advisory bodies. Our recommendations are especially relevant to so-called crosscutting actions in Horizon 2020, especially relating to Responsible Research and Innovation and Social and Humanistic Sciences. Next, our recommendations are also directed to national and EU legislators and regulators charged with adapting to and accommodating the actions of policy makers and the smart grid and smart cities communities. Finally, our recommendations are directed to the technology assessment community, including those dedicated to Responsible Research and Innovation, integrated ELSA and impact assessments.
The quasi 2‐day wave observed in the polar mesosphere: Comparison of the characteristics observed at Tromsø and Poker Flat

[1] A comparison of the quasi 2-day wave (Q2DW) observed at Tromso (69.6°N, 19.2°E) and Poker Flat (65.2°, 147.6°W) is presented at four heights of 70, 76, 82, and 88 km using wind data taken for ∼4 years, from 1 November 1998 to 7 November 2002. The characteristics of the Q2DW such as seasonal variation, occurrence of period of maximum amplitude, ratio of meridional to zonal amplitudes, shape of altitude profile of phase, and modulation of amplitude at a 4–10 days rate found at Poker Flat are very similar to those found at Tromso reported by Nozawa et al. [2003]. The activity of the Q2DW is higher in winter than in summer for meridional and zonal components at the two sites. Long-term variation (i.e., seasonal variation) of the Q2DW is found to be similar between the two sites, while short-term variations (i.e., over several days) do not synchronize well with each other. The ratio of amplitudes of the Q2DW between the two sites varies mainly between 0.5 and 2, and there is no significant preference toward either site. Phase differences of Q2DWs between the two sites are examined, and it is found that in-phase-like events are more frequently seen than out-of-phase-like events at 76, 82, and 88 km in winter and at 88 km in summer. This can be interpreted to mean that the zonal wave number of the Q2DW appears to be 2 or 4 more often than 3 in the polar upper mesosphere. These results suggest that observed Q2DWs have features consistent with the Rossby gravity wave mode, but the amplitude and phase of the Q2DW are affected significantly by local sources. A possibility that the observed Q2DW is an eastward moving wave is also discussed.
Mixing, Internal Waves and Mesoscale Dynamics in the East China Sea

Abstract : The long-term goal of our research program is to better understand and quantify relationships between mesoscale dynamics, internal waves, and turbulence in shallow tidal-affected marginal seas. The objectives of the second year of the project were: (i) to determine the characteristics of internal waves in the East China Sea (ECS) and to delineate their generation mechanisms; (ii) to verify the hypothesis that the origination of high-frequency non-linear internal wave and/or solitary wave packets are related to a particular phase of the barotropic tide, especially the periods of low surface elevation in the central northern part of the ECS; (iii) to investigate whether the reversing and rotating barotropic tidal flows affect shear-generated turbulence in the bottom boundary layer and of the water column in different ways; and (iv) to study the influence of non-linear internal waves on turbulence in the pycnocline and in the benthic boundary layer.
The Effect of the Social Media Tools on Virtual Team Performance: The Mediating Role of Transactive Memory System Mapping with the Feature Richness

The communication tool is an important component of a virtual team, and virtual teams are highly dependent upon the communication tools for accomplishing their tasks and fulfilling their needs effectively. This research in progress builds upon the existing literature and employs the concept of feature richness of social media tools and a Transactive Memory System (TMS) approach to develop a conceptual framework for understanding the impact of social media tools on virtual team performance. Thus, a conceptual research model which postulates that TMS mediates the relationship between social media tools and virtual team performance, is developed. This research tries to establish an appropriate component-level mapping between the components of TMS construct and the feature richness factors to provide a deeper understanding about the effect of social media tools on TMS and consequently, the impact on virtual team performance.
Golden Dreams: California in an Age of Abundance, 1950-1963

Preface PART ONE: SUBURBAN ASSUMPTIONS 1. San Fernando: Homes and Happiness in Residential Subdivisions 2. Designs for the Good Life: Modernism, Tiki, Ranch PART TWO: URBAN PERSPECTIVES 3. Urban Expectations: San Diego Leverages Itself into Big City Status 4. Baghdad by the Bay: Herb Caen's San Francisco 5. The Cardinal, the Chief, Buff, and Walter O'Malley: Upgrading the City of Angels 6. Downsides and Dividends: Los Angeles as Super City PART THREE: POLITICS AND PUBLIC WORKS 7. Common Ground and the Party of California: The Reluctant Retirement of Goodwin J. Knight 8. Cold War Campus: The University of California and Other Secret Places 9. Freeways to the Future: An Epic Construction on Behalf of the Automobile 10. Mare Nostrum: Achieving the California Water Project PART FOUR: ART AND LIFE 11. Provincials, Baghdader, and Beats: Literary San Francisco in the 1950s 12. Big Sur: The Search for Alternative Value 13. The Silent Generation: Coming of Age on the Coast of Dreams 14. Brubeck! Jazz Goes to College PART FIVE: GROWTH AND THE ENVIRONMENT 15. Ahwahnee and the John Muir Trail: Variations on an Outdoor Theme 16. Largest State in the Nation: A Rebellion against Growth and the Destruction of the Environment PART SIX: CHANGING TIMES 17. Dissenting Opinions: California Enters the Nineteen Sixties 18. Cool, Not Cool: Epilogues and Transitions Notes Bibliographic Essay
Reach scale and evaluation methods as limitations for transient storage properties in streams and rivers

The value of stream tracer tests depends on appropriate experimental design, accurate evaluation methods and careful generalization of results with account taken to relevant limitations. This paper examines six calibration methods for transient storage models and effects of parameter errors on model generalizations. The residence time of transient storage and retardation factor varied a factor of 8 and 27, respectively, with the choice of method. Methods that emphasize the tail of the tracer breakthrough, such as optimization of log‐concentrations, are required to provide accurate estimates of transient storage parameters, whereas optimization using normal values can lead to substantial errors. Moment matching techniques require a solute mass‐recovery higher than about 70% for a reliable estimate of the storage capacity. The pumping model provided good estimates of the storage in the hyporheic zone under different stream discharges at two tracer test events with tritiated water in the Hobøl River, Norway. The accuracy of the evaluation of the transient storage parameters decreases with distance in the stream caused primarily by decreasing precision in the measurements and insufficient mass‐recovery. With distance, more and more time‐scales representing the hyporheic zone flow are also manifested as signatures of the tracer breakthrough. In a stream‐landscape groundwater system that is characterized by multiple residence time‐scales, stream tracer results are limited to specific reach distances and need to be supported by theory or other data when generalized to longer distances.
Thermal Influences on Life‐History Traits and Reproductive Effort of Introduced Pumpkinseed Sunfish Lepomis Gibbosus in the River Moselle Basin (Northeastern France)

The influence of local thermal regimes on juvenile growth rates, life‐history traits, and reproductive effort of introduced populations of pumpkinseed Lepomis gibbosus was examined in 11 water bodies in the River Moselle basin (northeastern France). Female pumpkinseed were collected during their reproductive period in mid‐June in 2009 and 2010, and water temperature was assessed over a 12‐month period in 2010. Annual thermal degree‐days above 10 °C varied from 1529 in a headwater site to 2722 in the Mirgenbach Reservoir, heated by cooling water from a nuclear power plant. Mean age at maturity varied from 1.3 to 2.2 and was inversely related to annual thermal degree‐days. The proportion of mature age‐1 females also increased with temperature, but neither mean total length at maturity nor gonadosomatic index was related to waterbody thermal regime. Body size at the end of the first year of life was unrelated to thermal regime, but the growth rate of immature age‐1 females in their second growing season was positively related to thermal degree‐days in the spring. Warmer water bodies showed elevated reproductive effort in age‐1 females when either early season gain in mass or mass at the beginning of the second growing season was controlled for; however, reproductive effort was unrelated to thermal regime in age‐2 and age‐3 females. Mean age at maturity was related to mean length at age 1 but not to mean length at age 2, in contrast to native North American and introduced European populations. We conclude that the life‐history response of pumpkinseed to warmer temperatures occurs primarily in age‐1 individuals and predict that climate warming will produce changes in pumpkinseed life‐history traits that will make the species more invasive in parts of Europe where the species is present but not actively spreading. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ethyl Pyruvate Ameliorates Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting Intrinsic Pathway of Apoptosis and Autophagy

Background. Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a pivotal clinical problem occurring in many clinical conditions such as transplantation, trauma, and hepatic failure after hemorrhagic shock. Apoptosis and autophagy have been shown to contribute to cell death in hepatic I/R injury. Ethyl pyruvate, a stable and simple lipophilic ester, has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, the purpose is to explore both the effect of ethyl pyruvate on hepatic I/R injury and regulation of intrinsic pathway of apoptosis and autophagy. Methods. Three doses of ethyl pyruvate (20 mg/kg, 40 mg/kg, and 80 mg/kg) were administered 1 h before a model of segmental (70%) hepatic warm ischemia was established in Balb/c mice. All serum and liver tissues were obtained at three different time points (4 h, 8 h, and 16 h). Results. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and pathological features were significantly ameliorated by ethyl pyruvate (80 mg/kg). The expression of Bcl-2, Bax, Beclin-1, and LC3, which play an important role in the regulation of intrinsic pathway of apoptosis and autophagy, was also obviously decreased by ethyl pyruvate (80 mg/kg). Furthermore, ethyl pyruvate inhibited the HMGB1/TLR4/ NF-κb axis and the release of cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6). Conclusion. Our results showed that ethyl pyruvate might attenuate to hepatic I/R injury by inhibiting intrinsic pathway of apoptosis and autophagy, mediated partly through downregulation of HMGB1/TLR4/ NF-κb axis and the competitive interaction with Beclin-1 of HMGB1.
Stem cells and regenerative medicine

Stem cells have been defined as clonogenic cells that undergo both self-renewal and differentiation to more committed progenitors and functionally specialized mature cells. Of late years, stem cells have been identified in a variety of tissues of an adult body. Depending on the source, they have the potential to form one or more, or even all cell types of an organism. Stem cell research provided some outstanding contributions to our understanding of developmental biology and offered much hope for cell replacement therapies overcoming a variety of diseases. The establishment of human ES cell lines enabled us to generate all tissues we comprise. Recently, excitement has been evoked by the controversial evidence that adult stem cells have a much higher degree of developmental plasticity than previously imagined. More recently, the existence of multipotent somatic stem cells in bone marrow has been reported. Combined with these discoveries and achievements as well as the developing technologies, scientists are now trying to bring stem cell therapies to the clinic.
F‐Chord: Improved uniform routing on Chord

We propose a family of novel Chord‐based P2P schemes retaining all positive aspects that made Chord a popular topology for routing in P2P networks. The schemes, based on the Fibonacci number system, allow to simultaneously improve on the maximum/average number of hops for lookups and the routing table size per node. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. NETWORKS, 2008
Modelling and Compensating Internal Light Scattering in Time of Flight Range Cameras

Time of flight range cameras simultaneously gather object distances for all pixels of a focal plane array by evaluating the round‐trip time of an emitted signal. While ranging precisions typically amount to some centimetres, accuracies may be worse by an order of magnitude. Scattering is one of the sources of systematic errors, caused by the spreading of portions of the incident light over the sensor due to multiple reflections between the sensor, lens and optical filter. The present contribution analyses this phenomenon with respect to various capture parameters, with the objective of achieving a better understanding and a validation of assumptions. Subsequently, the authors derive both image space invariant and variant models for scattering, apply them to test scenes, and compare the results to each other and to those of existing methods.