Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Heat and mass transport during a groundwater replenishment trial in a highly heterogeneous aquifer

Changes in subsurface temperature distribution resulting from the injection of fluids into aquifers may impact physiochemical and microbial processes as well as basin resource management strategies. We have completed a 2 year field trial in a hydrogeologically and geochemically heterogeneous aquifer below Perth, Western Australia in which highly treated wastewater was injected for large‐scale groundwater replenishment. During the trial, chloride and temperature data were collected from conventional monitoring wells and by time‐lapse temperature logging. We used a joint inversion of these solute tracer and temperature data to parameterize a numerical flow and multispecies transport model and to analyze the solute and heat propagation characteristics that prevailed during the trial. The simulation results illustrate that while solute transport is largely confined to the most permeable lithological units, heat transport was also affected by heat exchange with lithological units that have a much lower hydraulic conductivity. Heat transfer by heat conduction was found to significantly influence the complex temporal and spatial temperature distribution, especially with growing radial distance and in aquifer sequences with a heterogeneous hydraulic conductivity distribution. We attempted to estimate spatially varying thermal transport parameters during the data inversion to illustrate the anticipated correlations of these parameters with lithological heterogeneities, but estimates could not be uniquely determined on the basis of the collected data.
A fuzzy logic approach to analyzing gene expression data

[PDF] [Full Text] [Abstract] , June 15, 2005; 21 (12): 2883-2890. Bioinformatics K. -C. Chen, T. -Y. Wang, H. -H. Tseng, C. -Y. F. Huang and C. -Y. Kao network in Saccharomyces cerevisiae A stochastic differential equation model for quantifying transcriptional regulatory [PDF] [Full Text] [Abstract] , January 12, 2007; 35 (1): 279-287. Nucleic Acids Res. T. T. Vu and J. Vohradsky applied to microarray data of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nonlinear differential equation model for quantification of transcriptional regulation [PDF] [Full Text] [Abstract] , July 1, 2007; 23 (13): 1623-1630. Bioinformatics A. Fujita, J.R. Sato, H.M. Garay-Malpartida, P.A. Morettin, M.C. Sogayar and C.E. Ferreira vector autoregressive method Time-varying modeling of gene expression regulatory networks using the wavelet dynamic [PDF] [Full Text] [Abstract] , September 15, 2007; 23 (18): 2407-2414. Bioinformatics M. Elati, P. Neuvial, M. Bolotin-Fukuhara, E. Barillot, F. Radvanyi and C. Rouveirol LICORN: learning cooperative regulation networks from gene expression data [PDF] [Full Text] [Abstract] , November 1, 2007; 23 (21): 2903-2909. Bioinformatics J. Zhang, Y. Ji and L. Zhang Extracting three-way gene interactions from microarray data
Uso de tecnología Wiki para la elaboración colaborativa de material de estudio

RESUMEN En el presente articulo se describen distintas experiencias de los autores en el uso de la tecnologia Wiki aplicada a la docencia en asignaturas de caracter tecnologico, tanto a nivel universitario como de la ensenanza secundaria: grados de Ingenieria Informatica, Ingenieria Industrial y asignaturas sobre Tecnologias de la Informacion y Comunicacion de Secundaria. El objetivo del trabajo es evaluar la utilidad y efectividad del uso de plataformas Wiki para la elaboracion colaborativa de material de estudio en este tipo de asignaturas de tipo tecnologico. Las experiencias descritas incluyen los aspectos siguientes: la creacion colaborativa de apuntes y glosarios sobre distintos temas por parte de los alumnos, la realizacion de encuestas a los estudiantes sobre su valoracion de la metodologia y la tecnologia usada, la evaluacion de los contenidos Wiki realizada por los propios estudiantes (evaluacion por pares), con el objetivo de fomentar el sentido critico de los alumnos al evaluar el trabajo de los demas y de ellos mismos, y tambien de extraer conclusiones utiles, y la comparacion de resultados obtenidos en las asignaturas universitarias y en secundaria, asi como entre grupos en los que se ha aplicado esta tecnologia respecto a otros en los que no.
The Triple Group and the Platinova gold and palladium reefs in the Skaergaard Intrusion; stratigraphic and petrographic relations

This paper describes the setting, structure, and textural relations of the Platinova reefs in the Skaergaard intrusion. The reefs comprise a strata-bound occurrence of Au + PGE estimated at 91 million tons of rock with 1.8 ppm Au and similar amounts of Pd. The precious metals occur in two major zones, a lower major Pd reef which is concordant with the modal layering and followed by at least ten minor Pd reefs (also concordant), and an Au concentration which fringes the Pd reefs outward and upward through the Triple Group units. The major Pd concentration and the Au concentration are separated in a systematic way across the intrusion. Near the center of the intrusion, the Au concentration occurs some 60 m higher in the stratigraphy than the main Pd reef, but the separation decreases gradually outward, being only a few meters near the margins.The dominant precious metal minerals are small grains of (Cu,Fe)(Au,Pd,Pt) alloys which typically are included in interstitial sulfides (bornite, digenite, and smaller amounts of chalcopyrite). The textural relations suggest a close genetic association between the sulfides and Au + PGE minerals, an association which is confirmed by whole-rock compositional data.Our observations demonstrate that the Platinova reefs formed after significant concentration of the Au + PGE and S in the residual magma during fractional crystallization, before it became saturated with respect to a sulfide (Fe-Cu-S-O) liquid. This sulfide liquid acted as a collector of Au + PGE and settled into the Layered series cumulates. We propose that the structure of the deposit evolved through fractional crystallization of the Au + PGE-bearing sulfide liquid as it was filter-pressed along with the interstitial silicate melt upward into the overlying unconsolidated cumulates. The fractional crystallization resulted in an evolution of the Au + PGE-bearing phases with progressive fractionation from Pd-rich alloys at the base of the deposit to Au-rich alloys at the top.We argue that the sulfides evolved to their present extreme Cu-rich, Fe-poor composition during oxidation-desulfurization reactions in the same event which oxidized the iron-titanium oxides of the intrusion. This oxidation-desulfurization probably had no overall effect on the distribution of Au and PGE.
Two encounters of the substorm onset region with the Geotail spacecraft

The Earth Camera on board the Polar spacecraft provided high-resolution images for 112 auroral substorms when the Geotail spacecraft was in the nighttime sector of Earth's magnetotail during the period May 1 through September 30, 1996. The purpose of the study was to investigate the dynamical behavior of the plasmas and magnetic fields at the Geotail spacecraft when it was positioned within the central plasma sheet prior to and during the onset of a substorm. In addition, the position of the Geotail spacecraft was required to be within 20 min in local time and several degrees in magnetic latitude of the equatorial position of the magnetic field lines threading the auroral onset region as viewed with the Polar camera and as mapped with a global magnetic field model. For this study these onset mapping locations were required to be earthward of the Geotail spacecraft. Only two substorms, on July 2 and September 4, satisfied these restraints which were imposed in order to observe the dynamics of the central plasma sheet. The radial distances for the Geotail locations for these two substorms were 11.7 and 15.0 RE, respectively. Before the onsets there was a sustained period of earthward flow of plasma into the extraterrestrial ring current at average speeds of ∼50 km s−1. Then, for a period of several minutes before the auroral onset, this plasma flow became stagnant and was accompanied, in part, by fluctuations in components of the magnetic field. At substorm onset a tailward high-speed flow of plasmas at 200–300 km S−1 began which subsequently subsided within several minutes. The magnetic fields in this tailward directed pulse of plasma flows exhibited a substantial southward component which is accounted for by magnetic merging of field lines at locations inside of the Geotail spacecraft orbit and thus in the ring current or earthward edge of the plasma sheet. Overall, these fortuitous observations support the merging of magnetic field lines at substorm onset in the plasmas with high-energy densities in the ring current but within a very restricted range of local time, several tens of minutes or less.
A direct proofreader-clamp interaction stabilizes the Pol III replicase in the polymerization mode

Citation for published version (APA): Jergic, S. , Horan, N. P., Elshenawy, M. M. , Mason, C. E. , Urathamakul, T. , Ozawa, K. , Robinson, A. , Goudsmits, J. M. H. , Wang, Y. , Pan, X. , Beck, J. L. , van Oijen, A. M. , Huber, T. , Hamdan, S. M. , & Dixon, N. E. (2013). A direct proofreader-clamp interaction stabilizes the Pol III replicase in the polymerization mode. EMBO Journal, 32(9), 1322-1333. https://doi.org/10.1038/emboj.2012. 347
Effective constitutive properties for dense nonaqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) migration in large fracture networks: A computational study

Large‐scale capillary pressure [] and effective permeability‐saturation [knw] constitutive relationships for an incompressible, two‐phase system have been developed for a two‐dimensional, nonorthogonal fracture network utilizing numerical simulation. The simulations account for capillary, viscous, and gravity effects consistent with the Darcian approach adopted for this study, and were performed within the scale of the REV of the system which was consistent for both single and multiphase flow behavior. The large‐scale relationship for steady state flow conditions was found to be sensitive to the mean and the variance of the underlying aperture distribution as well as the nonwetting phase density. The overall effects of varying the aperture statistics on the relationships were found to be analogous to porous media, with an increased mean aperture leading to lower capillary pressures and an increased aperture variance leading to steeper curves. The large‐scale knw curves representative of flow in the vertical direction followed the general form of the underlying local‐scale Brooks‐Corey constitutive relationship and were relatively insensitive to a change in variance of the aperture distribution. The large‐scale knw curves representing flow in the horizontal direction due to an imposed gradient in the vertical direction, however, are significantly different than the underlying local‐scale relationships, showing maximum values at intermediate saturations. The ratio of vertical to horizontal effective permeability is saturation dependent.
Enhanced engraftment and repairing ability of human adipose-derived stem cells, conveyed by pharmacologically active microcarriers continuously releasing HGF and IGF-1, in healing myocardial infarction in rats.

One of the main cause of ineffective cell therapy in repairing the damaged heart is the poor yield of grafted cells. To overcome this drawback, rats with 4-week-old myocardial infarction (MI) were injected in the border zone with human adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) conveyed by poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microcarriers (PAMs) releasing hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) (GFsPAMs). According to treatments, animals were subdivided into different groups: MI_ADSC, MI_ADSC/PAM, MI_GFsPAM, MI_ADSC/GFsPAM, and untreated MI_V. Two weeks after injection, a 31% increase in ADSC engraftment was observed in MI_ADSC/PAM compared with MI_ADSC (p < 0.05). A further ADSC retention was obtained in MI_ADSC/GFsPAM with respect to MI_ADSC (106%, p < 0.05) and MI_ADSC/PAM (57%, p < 0.05). A 130% higher density of blood vessels of medium size was present in MI_ADSC/GFsPAM compared with MI_ADSC (p < 0.01). MI_ADSC/GFsPAM also improved, albeit slightly, left ventricular remodeling and hemodynamics with respect to the other groups. Notably, ADSCs and/or PAMs, with or without HGF/IGF-1, trended to induce arrhythmias in electrically driven, Langendorff-perfused, hearts of all groups. Thus, PAMs releasing HGF/IGF-1 markedly increase ADSC engraftment 2 weeks after injection and stimulate healing in chronically infarcted myocardium, but attention should be paid to potentially negative electrophysiological consequences.
Global Signatures and Dynamical Origins of the Little Ice Age and Medieval Climate Anomaly

Patterns of Change The global climate record of the past 1500 years shows two long intervals of anomalous temperatures before the obvious anthropogenic warming of the 20th century: the warm Medieval Climate Anomaly between roughly 950 and 1250 A.D. and the Little Ice Age between around 1400 and 1700 A.D. It has become increasingly clear in recent years, however, that climate changes inevitably involve a complex pattern of regional changes, whose inhomogeneities contain valuable insights into the mechanisms that cause them. Mann et al. (p. 1256) analyzed proxy records of climate since 500 A.D. and compared their global patterns with model reconstructions. The results identify the large-scale processes—like El Niño and the North Atlantic Oscillation—that can account for the observations and suggest that dynamic responses to variable radiative forcing were their primary causes. The global pattern of warming that characterized the Medieval Climate Anomaly was a dynamical response to solar forcing. Global temperatures are known to have varied over the past 1500 years, but the spatial patterns have remained poorly defined. We used a global climate proxy network to reconstruct surface temperature patterns over this interval. The Medieval period is found to display warmth that matches or exceeds that of the past decade in some regions, but which falls well below recent levels globally. This period is marked by a tendency for La Niña–like conditions in the tropical Pacific. The coldest temperatures of the Little Ice Age are observed over the interval 1400 to 1700 C.E. , with greatest cooling over the extratropical Northern Hemisphere continents. The patterns of temperature change imply dynamical responses of climate to natural radiative forcing changes involving El Niño and the North Atlantic Oscillation–Arctic Oscillation.
Differential Effects of GABAB Receptor Subtypes, γ-Hydroxybutyric Acid, and Baclofen on EEG Activity and Sleep Regulation

The role of GABAB receptors in sleep is still poorly understood. GHB (γ-hydroxybutyric acid) targets these receptors and is the only drug approved to treat the sleep disorder narcolepsy. GABAB receptors are obligate dimers comprised of the GABAB2 subunit and either one of the two GABAB1 subunit isoforms, GABAB1a and GABAB1b. To better understand the role of GABAB receptors in sleep regulation, we performed electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings in mice devoid of functional GABAB receptors (1−/− and 2−/−) or lacking one of the subunit 1 isoforms (1a−/− and 1b−/−). The distribution of sleep over the day was profoundly altered in 1−/− and 2−/− mice, suggesting a role for GABAB receptors in the circadian organization of sleep. Several other sleep and EEG phenotypes pointed to a more prominent role for GABAB1a compared with the GABAB1b isoform. Moreover, we found that GABAB1a protects against the spontaneous seizure activity observed in 1−/− and 2−/− mice. We also evaluated the effects of the GHB-prodrug GBL (γ-butyrolactone) and of baclofen (BAC), a high-affinity GABAB receptor agonist. Both drugs induced a state distinct from physiological sleep that was not observed in 1−/− and 2−/− mice. Subsequent sleep was not affected by GBL whereas BAC was followed by a delayed hypersomnia even in 1−/− and 2−/− mice. The differential effects of GBL and BAC might be attributed to differences in GABAB-receptor affinity. These results also indicate that all GBL effects are mediated through GABAB receptors, although these receptors do not seem to be involved in mediating the BAC-induced hypersomnia.
cross talk between mentalizing and mirror networks in autism spectrum disorder.

IMPORTANCE Converging evidence indicates that brain abnormalities in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) involve atypical network connectivity, but it is unclear whether altered connectivity is especially prominent in brain networks that participate in social cognition. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether adolescents with ASD show altered functional connectivity in 2 brain networks putatively impaired in ASD and involved in social processing, theory of mind (ToM) and mirror neuron system (MNS). Statistical parametric maps the degree of whole-brain functional and to participants with ASD showed a mixed pattern of both over- and underconnectivity in the ToM network, which was associated with greater social Increased connectivity in the ASD group was detected primarily between the regions of the MNS and ToM, and was correlated with sociocommunicative measures, suggesting that excessive ToM-MNS cross talk might be associated with social impairment. In a secondary analysis comparing a subset of the 15 participants with ASD with the most severe symptomology and a tightly matched subset of 15 typically developing controls, participants with ASD showed exclusive overconnectivity effects in both ToM and MNS networks, which were also associated with greater social dysfunction. of others, a domain of impairment in ASD. Further, robust links with sociocommunicative symptoms of ASD implicate atypically increased ToM-MNS connectivity in social deficits observed in ASD.
AR Marker Capacity Increasing for Kindergarten English Learning

In this paper, we propose a method reducing complexity and increase capacity of designing AR markers based on permutation and combination's concept. We present an Augmented Reality English Learning System (ARELS). The system helps kindergarten children to learn English. Through the combination of virtual objects and reality scenes, children can use ARELS to learn by playing English words. The preliminary implemented English teaching material will be also integrated into other courses in the future.
Atmospheric Boundary Layer Flows: Their Structure and Measurement

1. Flow over flat uniform terrain 2. Spectra and cospectra over flat uniform terrain 3. Flow over plant canopies 4. Flow over changing terrain 5. Flow over hills 6. Sensors and techniques for observing the boundary layer 7. Acquisition and processing of boundary layer data Index
Mammalian lineages and the biostratigraphy and biochronology of Cenozoic faunas from the Riversleigh World Heritage Area, Australia

Lineage zones within nine contemporaneous mammalian lineages represented in the Cenozoic fossil vertebrate record from the Riversleigh World Heritage Area in northern Australia are used to resolve a series of faunal intervals from the Late Oligocene to Late Miocene. The results agree with previous interpretations of Cenozoic biostratigraphy, provide evidence for the presence of time horizons subdividing some of the four previously recognized Riversleigh biochrons A–D and also provide evidence supporting the allocation of a greater number of Riversleigh faunas to intervals within the Riversleigh biochronology than other methods in previous work. This approach demonstrates the biostratigraphical potential of evolutionary lineages.
Biosynthesis of the Fungal Cell Wall Polysaccharide Galactomannan Requires Intraluminal GDP-Mannose

Background: Understanding the mechanisms of cell wall biogenesis is important for development of antifungal strategies. Results: Biosynthesis of the fungal polysaccharide galactomannan requires import of GDP-mannose into the Golgi apparatus. Conclusions: It differs from the biosynthesis of other fungal cell wall polysaccharides. Significance: This provides a new paradigm for cell wall polysaccharide biosynthesis.
Surface roughness of Baltic sea ice

Small-, medium-, and large-scale measurements of sea ice surface roughness were carried out in the Baltic Sea over a 3-year period. A clear relationship was found between the rms height and correlation length of Baltic sea ice. In most cases the surface correlation function was close to exponential. The logarithm of rms height showed a linear dependence on that of measured distance. Similarly, the correlation length was in many cases linearly dependent on the measured distance. This dependence on length suggests that ice surface roughness could be characterized as a fractal.
CD reference features with sub-five nanometer uncertainty

The implementation of a new test structure for HRTEM (High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy) imaging, and the use of CD AFM (CD Atomic Force Microscopy) to serve as the transfer metrology, have resulted in reductions in the uncertainties attributed to critical dimension (CD) reference-material features, having calibrated CDs less than 100 nm. The previous generation of reference materials, which was field-tested in 2001, used electrical CD as the transfer metrology. Calibrated CD values were in the range 80 nm to 150 nm and expanded uncertainties were approximately ± 14 nm. The second-generation units, which have now been distributed to selected industry users for evaluation, have uncertainties as low as ±1.5 nm and calibrated CDs as low as 43 nm.
Field-based evidence for copper contamination induced changes of 2 antibiotic resistance in agricultural soils 3

State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Centre for Eco6 Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China 7 Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, 8 Victoria 3010, Australia 9 National Soil Fertility and Fertilizer Effects Long-term Monitoring Network, Institute of 10 Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 11 Beijing 100081, China 12 13
Discrimination of papillary thyroid cancer from non- cancerous thyroid tissue based on lipid profiling by mass spectrometry imaging

Introduction: The distinction of papillary thyroid carcinomas from benign thyroid lesions has important implication for clinical management. Classification based on histopathological features can be supported by molecular biomarkers, including lipidomic signatures, identified with the use of high-throughput mass spectrometry techniques. Formalin fixation is a standard procedure for stabilization and preservation of tissue samples, therefore this type of samples constitute highly valuable source of clinical material for retrospective molecular studies. In this study we used mass spectrometry imaging to detect lipids discriminating papillary cancer from not cancerous thyroid directly in formalin-fixed tissue sections. Material and methods: For this purpose imaging and profiling of lipids present in non-malignant and cancerous thyroid tissue specimens were conducted. High resolution MALDI-Q-Ion Mobility-TOF-MS technique was used for lipidomic analysis of formalin fixed thyroid tissue samples. Lipids were identified by the comparison of the exact molecular masses and fragmentation pathways of the protonated molecule ions, recorded during the MS/MS experiments, with LIPID MAPS database. Results: Several phosphatidylcholines (32:0, 32:1, 34:1 and 36:3), sphingomyelins (34:1 and 36:1) and phosphatidic acids (36:2 and 36:3) were detected and their abundances were significantly higher in cancerous tissue compared to non-cancerous tissue. The same lipid species were detected in formalin-fixed as in fresh-frozen tissue, but [M + Na]+ ions were the most abundant in formalin fixed whereas [M + K]+ ions were predominant in fresh tissue. Conclusions: Our results prove the viability of MALDI-MSI for analysis of lipid distribution directly in formalin-fixed tissue, and the potential for their use in the classification of thyroid diseases. (Endokrynol Pol 2018; 69 (1): 2–8)