Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SPECIFICITY OF TREE SPECIES IN DIFFERENT FORMATIONS OF ATLANTIC FOREST IN SOUTH BRAZIL

1 Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de Pos Graduacao em Ecologia, Laboratorio de Ecologia Quantitativa, Av. Bento Goncalves, 9500, 91540 000, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. 2 Researcher, Pesquisas Ecologicas de Longa Duracao no Sistema de Parcelas Permanentes do Corredor Mata Atlântica Sul no Nordeste do Rio Grande do Sul. Phone number: 55 51 3308 6776-bergalogia@yahoo.com. br
Seniors in Rural Canada

Highlights • Canada’s rural population is older than the urban population. Within predominantly rural regions, 15% of the population is senior (65 years of age and over) compared to 13% in predominantly urban regions. • Canada’s rural population is aging faster than their urban counterparts in terms of the change in the share of the population that is senior. • However, Canada’s overall rural population is aging slower than the urban population in terms of the change in the number of senior residents. • When we look at communities, a smaller share of communities within predominantly rural regions are aging by either measure, compared to communities in predominantly urban or intermediate regions. • Among communities that are aging in terms of an increase in the number of seniors, most of the increase is due to the aging of the resident population. These communities are “aging in place”. However, about 16% of communities across Canada are aging, in part, due to the inmigration of seniors. • Aging communities tend to have a larger population and tend to have higher incomes per capita.
Researches on Earthquake Source Processes and Tsunami Generation Using Tsunami Data

Studies in Japan on earthquake source processes and tsunami generation using tsunami data during recent 15 yeas are reviewed. The new tsunami observation systems including ocean bottom tsunami meters, GPS tsunami meters, and ultrasonic wave meters, have been developed recently. The methods using the tsunami waveform data observed by those advanced systems have also been developed and the detail source processes of the recent large earthquakes are studied using those methods and data. Studies on 2004 Sumatra-Andaman great earthquake, which caused the worst tsunami disaster and affected the countries around the Indian Ocean, are reviewed. Next, studies on source models of historical large earthquakes using tsunami data are reviewed. Researches on the mechanism of tsunami earthquakes are also reviewed. Finally, tsunami studies on submarine landslides triggered by earthquakes are reviewed.
Order and diversity in the modes of Circum-Pacific Earthquake recurrence

Recurrence characteristics of great circum-Pacific earthquakes and determinations of spatial distribution of seismic moment release are surveyed in order to delineate their general features and relate earthquake slip distribution to models of recurrent rupture. As noted by others, the pattern of moment release is typically very irregular, with strong concentrations in a few isolated regions of a much larger aftershock zone. Despite this complexity, rupture nucleation is notably systematic, with mainshock epicenter showing a strong tendency to locate in or immediately adjacent to identified regions of high moment release. This generalization suggests that earthquake recurrence is more likely to be controlled by maximum rather than average fault slip. Well-documented case histories from twelve plate boundary regions demonstrate that seismic strain release tends to be temporally well-ordered, while source dimensions, slip, and cumulative moment release vary considerably from cycle to cycle. On none of the segments studied do earthquakes consistently recur in nearly identical events. Instead, individual great earthquakes differ significantly from cycle to cycle or rerupture takes place in a sequence of two or more smaller events. Despite these differences the duration of the seismic cycle is approximately uniform. Furthermore, when strain release occurs in a sequence of large earthquakes, these events take place towards the end of the cycle and occur with increasing rupture length and magnitude. These ordered and irregular features of earthquake recurrence argue for the existence of corresponding elements on plate boundary faults. The ordered characteristics are identified with zones of concentrated moment release that slip comparable amounts in each cycle and have high shear strength. The irregular features are associated with intervening weaker regions that move in response to the stress concentration of dynamic rupture and slip by differing amounts in each event. Although these mechanistic associations are indirect and tentative, the features of recurrent behavior documented here have implications for long-term earthquake hazard assessment that are not dependent on the models proposed to explain them. Chief among these are the cycle-to-cycle differences among gap-filling events and the absence of shocks that fill major slip-deficient regions early in the seismic cycle.
Towards Automatic Marking of Pepeha: a Formulaic Māori Language Speech

This study looks at the assessment of the pronunciation of te reo M āori (M āori language) within a short formulaic speech, known as a pepeha. It is a comparison between marks awarded to the pehepa by trained markers, and scores awarded to the pepeha by Arero, a speech recognition platform which is purpose-build to assess te reo M āori. Pepeha recordings of 304 people were analysed. The study found that there were many similarities between the two assessment methods and they were correlated, albeit weakly. It is argued that the results suggest automatic marking of pepeha is feasible. The next step is to understand acceptable phonetic variation in the pepeha pronunciation via phonetic analysis of a large number of the pepeha recordings.
DYNAMICS OF SOCIAL ENTERPRISES IN ROMANIA. THE FUNDAMENTAL ROLE IN THE SOCIAL ECONOMY

In Romania, the field of social economy is relatively new. The concern for social enterprises has acquired a more pronounced character only in recent years. From our point of view, social enterprises can be characterized as a mechanism aimed at solving the social and environmental problems in an innovative way, in a transparent manner. They are aimed at achieving a sustained impact on the society itself. The objectives of the social enterprises refer to the identification of practical solutions to social problems by using the resources in order to validate opportunities based on identifying the social problems and on turning them into business opportunities especially by identifying those innovative methods in order to generate a social impact.
Solubility and Physical Stability Enhancement of Loratadine by Preparation of Co-Amorphous Solid Dispersion with Chlorpheniramine and Polyvinylpyrrolidone

Loratadine (LRD), a non-sedating and slow-acting antihistamine, is often given in combination with short-onset chlorpheniramine maleate (CPM) to increase efficacy. However, LRD has poor water solubility resulting in low bioavailability. The aim of this study was to improve LRD solubility by preparing co-amorphous LRD-CPM. However, the obtained co-amorphous LRD-CPM recrystallized rapidly, and the solubility of LRD returned to a poor state again. Therefore, co-amorphous LRD-CPM solid dispersions using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a carrier were prepared. The obtained solid dispersions were characterized using X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The solubility, dissolution, and mechanism of drug release from the LRD-CPM/PVP co-amorphous solid dispersions were studied and compared with those of intact LRD, LRD/PVP solid dispersions, and co-amorphous LRD-CPM mixtures. The results from XRPD and DSC confirmed the amorphous form of LRD in the co-amorphous solid dispersions. The FTIR results indicated that there was no intermolecular interaction between LRD, CPM, and PVP. In conclusion, the obtained LRD-CPM/PVP co-amorphous solid dispersions can successfully increase the water solubility and dissolution of LRD and extend the amorphous state of LRD without recrystallization.
Kalman-filtered compressive sensing for high resolution estimation of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions from sparse measurements.

The estimation of fossil-fuel CO2 emissions (ffCO2) from limited ground-based and satellite measurements of CO2 concentrations will form a key component of the monitoring of treaties aimed at the abatement of greenhouse gas emissions. The limited nature of the measured data leads to a severely-underdetermined estimation problem. If the estimation is performed at fine spatial resolutions, it can also be computationally expensive. In order to enable such estimations, advances are needed in the spatial representation of ffCO2 emissions, scalable inversion algorithms and the identification of observables to measure. To that end, we investigate parsimonious spatial parameterizations of ffCO2 emissions which can be used in atmospheric inversions. We devise and test three random field models, based on wavelets, Gaussian kernels and covariance structures derived from easily-observed proxies of human activity. In doing so, we constructed a novel inversion algorithm, based on compressive sensing and sparse reconstruction, to perform the estimation. We also address scalable ensemble Kalman filters as an inversion mechanism and quantify the impact of Gaussian assumptions inherent in them. We find that the assumption does not impact the estimates of mean ffCO2 source strengths appreciably, but a comparison with Markov chain Monte Carlo estimates show significant differences in themore » variance of the source strengths. Finally, we study if the very different spatial natures of biogenic and ffCO2 emissions can be used to estimate them, in a disaggregated fashion, solely from CO2 concentration measurements, without extra information from products of incomplete combustion e.g., CO. We find that this is possible during the winter months, though the errors can be as large as 50%. « less
Particle shape effects on the effective permittivity of anisotropic or isotropic media consisting of aligned or randomly oriented ellipsoidal particles

The effective permittivity (dielectric constant) of anisotropic or isotropic porous media is affected by the shape of particles composing the mixture. Directional permittivities are influenced by extreme aspect ratio particles, often found aligned with the bedding plane of rock or soil. Our objectives were to determine the effects of particle shape and preferential orientation on the effective permittivity of porous media. Confocal spheroids (ellipsoids of revolution) were used to mathematically describe a range of particle shapes from disks to spheres to needles. Dielectric mixing models which account for the polarization due to inclusion shape and axial alignment were used to estimate the shape effect. Permittivity measurements in an anisotropic packing of disk‐shaped mica particles using time domain reflectometry showed an alteration of the permittivity due to the shape effect. Two‐ and three‐phase predictions based on Maxwell‐Garnett [1904] showed trends similar to measurements in anisotropic packings of mica. Particle shape effects can be a significant factor in dielectric permittivity measurements and should be a consideration especially where particle aspect ratio deviates by more than an order of magnitude from that of a sphere (unity). As the particle shape is less spherical, the resulting effective permittivity of the mixture is more similar to the inclusion permittivity and differs more from the permittivity of the background. Ellipsoid size and surface area provide an estimate of the combined effects of bound water and particle shape on the effective mixture permittivity. For high aspect ratio particles, shape effects on the effective permittivity appear to be comparable in magnitude to those of bound water prevalent in clay‐sized media.
Deployment Strategies of EV School Buses with Vehicle to Grid (V2G) in the US School System

Governments across the world are pushing for speedier adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) in order to meet their target for transition to a greener and cleaner environment that has low or zero carbon emission. Transportation being one of the major contributors to environmental pollution because of incessant burning of fossil fuels. EVs are being considered to be the best possible solution to alleviate vehicular pollution. However, proliferation of EVs create additional burden on the power grids. The consumption of electrical power is steadily rising because of even-growing population and the demand is particularly higher during summer months due to higher use of air conditioners. To ease this pressure on the grid the novel vehicle-to-grid or V2G technology is being employed whereby idle electric vehicles can be put to use as giant batteries that can send power back to the grid to supplement its output. With the wide scale adoption of electrical buses is schools this turns out to be a feasible option. Battery driven school buses are best suited for this. These vehicles remain idle for major portion of the day and also during summer months and can be effectively utilized for generating electricity using their batteries. However, there are challenges involved in the implementation of this strategy. Besides lack of charging infrastructure and limited knowledge of owners about the nature and benefits of the implementation there are also problems of rapid battery degradation, lack of control on the vehicle and the process and high costs involved. Nevertheless, using literature review this article explains the rationale behind adoption of the technology and highlights, the strategies that can be adopted to effectively exploit this novel technology to make the most out of idle electric school buses to support public utilities. To an extent electric school buses and the v2g technology can be potentially helpful for stabilizing supply of electricity during peak hours and improve efficiency of supply chain management of several industries including the power sector.
Temperature control in sepsis

Fever can be viewed as an adaptive response to infection. Temperature control in sepsis is aimed at preventing potential harms associated with high temperature (tachycardia, vasodilation, electrolyte and water loss) and therapeutic hypothermia may be aimed at slowing metabolic activities and protecting organs from inflammation. Although high fever (>39.5°C) control is usually performed in critically ill patients, available cohorts and randomized controlled trials do not support its use to improve sepsis prognosis. Finally, both spontaneous and therapeutic hypothermia are associated with poor outcomes in sepsis.
User Disengagement-Oriented Target Enforcement for Multi-Tenant Database Systems

Unexpected long query latency of a database system can cause domino effects on all the upstream services and severely degrade end users' experience with unpredicted long waits, resulting in an increasing number of users disengaged with the services and thus leading to a high user disengagement ratio (UDR). A high UDR usually translates to reduced revenue for service providers. This paper proposes UTSLO, a UDR-oriented SLO guaranteed system, which enables a database system to support multi-tenant UDR targets in a cost-effective fashion through UDR-oriented capacity planning and dynamic UDR target enforcement. The former aims to estimate the feasibility of UDR targets while the latter dynamically tracks and regulates per-connection query latency distribution needed for accurate UDR target guarantee. In UTSLO, the database service capacity can be fully exploited to efficiently accommodate tenants while minimizing resources required for UDR target guarantee.
The Bioactivity Potential of Acmella Paniculata Plant Extract in Antioxidant Activity by Two Different Extraction Methods

Widely used synthetic chemicals like heavy metals act as active compounds in personal care products such as shampoo, soap and cosmetics. These hazardous chemicals cause harmful threats to the environment and unintentionally lead to dangerous exposure towards human health. Thus, demands on natural organic compounds have increased nowadays. Bioactive compounds from plant extracts are well known to have intrinsic biological values that are relevant in promoting human health. There are numerous ways to extract these unique and important compounds involving techniques that are simple, environmentally friendly and efficient. The aim of this study is to highlight the biological potential of compounds from the local plant, Acmella paniculata in antioxidant activity. This small flowering shrub species is also known locally as Subang nenek. The first phase of this study involved the leaf extraction of A. paniculata performed by a common method known as Soxhlet extraction using methanol solvent and a simple centrifuged method using deep eutectic solvent (DES) which is a green solvent. Soxhlet method is a conventional procedure that takes longer time and involves specific equipments. However, this method has been used for many years as standard method due to its consistent results. Meanwhile, DES based centrifugation method is a new, innovative method for plant extraction with a fast procedure and minimal used of equipment. The second phase involved phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity testing. The phytochemical screening for A. paniculata leaf extract showed noticeable secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, tannins, terpenoids and steroids. This plant showed good pharmacological values in antioxidant activity using DPPH free radical scavenging assay. The antioxidant percentage of DES extract showed higher potential results (56.11±3.54) compared to the Soxhlet extract (39.15±23.99) in leaf. Overall, the DES extraction is promising method in increasing the yield of antioxidant compounds as well as provided a simple and rapid technique in plant extraction.
Characterization and Reliability Analysis of Enhancement-Mode PEALD AlN/LPCVD SiNx GaN MISFET with In Situ H2/N2 Plasma Pretreatment

An effective in situ H2/N2 pretreatment technique for enhancement-mode GaN MISFET with a PEALD AlN/LPCVD SiNx Dual Gate Dielectric is presented. This technique features in situ H2 (15%)/N2 (85%) plasma pretreatment prior to AlN deposition. By using in situ H2 (15%)/N2 (85%) plasma pretreatment and a PEALD AlN protection layer, combined with an LPCVD SiNx gate dielectric, the quality of the AlN/GaN interface can be further improved due to the reduced interface trap densities between the AlN/GaN interface. The interface protection technique enables the successful integration of a high-quality PEALD AlN/LPCVD SiNx gate dielectric in an E-mode GaN MISFET with high performance, high stability, and high reliability. The fabricated enhancement-mode GaN MISFET exhibits a high gate swing and high channel effective mobility of 187.5 cm2/Vs, a threshold voltage of 2.9 V defined at 1 µA/mm, an on/off current ratio of 108, and a breakdown voltage of 1760 V defined at ID = 10 μm/mm. Our experiments showed a significant reduction in dynamic ON resistance and the suppression of current collapse when using the enhancement-mode GaN MISFET with PEALD AlN/LPCVD SiNx under high drain bias switching conditions, especially when the VDS is greater than the 60 V drain bias switch operating state.
Mengetahui Tanggapan Publik Terhadap Inisiatif Sosial Perusahaan

The Corporate Social Initiatives (CSI) is an essential component in increasing public acceptance of the company. Previous research has shown that corporate social marketing is the most effective type of corporate social initiative in influencing the company's image in the public's eyes. Social media is one of the new communication channel options to socialize the company's social initiatives to the public due to the high number of social media users in Indonesia. This study explores how corporate social initiatives and message content affect public responses to posts on social media specifically for corporate social responsibility from Pertamina, namely the Pertamina Foundation.
Autism spectrum disorder in a patient with Nicolaides-Baraitser Syndrome: case report

ABSTRACT Nicolaides-Baraitser Syndrome is a rare genetic condition that clinically presents with intellectual disabilities, facial and bone changes, and sparse hair. In Brazil, only one case has been previously reported without genetic confirmation. We present the case of an 8-year-old boy, clinically and genetically diagnosed with Nicolaides-Baraitser Syndrome, who developed autism spectrum disorder characteristics with a formal diagnosis at the age of eight. Diagnosing autism spectrum disorder in patients with intellectual disabilities is a clinical challenge requiring careful evaluation.
Reef‐wide and long‐term skeletal growth records of the mountainous star coral (Orbicella faveolata) from Belize barrier and atoll reefs (Central America)

Coral reefs are vulnerable marine ecosystems and reef‐building corals are especially sensitive to the impacts of environmental change. Skeletal growth records of corals (Scleractinia) can be used as archives of ecological and climatological change. This study focusses on massive Orbicella faveolata coral skeletons from the Belize barrier and atoll reefs. In total, 11 drill cores from 10 coral colonies were studied. Their skeletal growth records range from 17 to 186 years and span time windows from the early 19th century to the beginning of the 21st century. Based on these records, master chronologies have been compiled for the entire 20th century. The data indicate uniform skeletal growth across the various reef environments of offshore Belize. Skeletal density is increasing reef‐wide, whereas linear extension is declining, accompanied by a slightly declining calcification rate. Apparently, a more densely packed coral skeleton does not compensate for the reduced linear growth and calcification sufficiently in O. faveolata populations across the Belize reefs. The longest analysed coral sample contains >186 years of skeletal growth, which exhibits periodicities of 40–80 years. Such cycle lengths likely reflect the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation, lending further support to coral skeletal records being valuable archives for long‐term oceanographic change.
Topographic zonation of infiltration in the hilly loess region, north china

Field infiltration tests using portable rainfall infiltrometers were conducted in the Wangjiagou experimental basin in the hilly loess region of north China. Based on data collected at 27 sites, a topographic zonation of infiltration characteristics was observed. The average steady infiltration rate and the average ponding time decreased from the hilltop to the hillslope and further decreased to the gully wall. Such a zonation is closely related to the variations of topography, soil and land use conditions in the study area. A general infiltration model is proposed. Collected field data are used to establish the applicability of the proposed model in the study area.