Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Phytochemicals, Pharmacological Effects and Molecular Mechanisms of Mulberry

There are numerous varieties of mulberry, and each has high medicinal value and is regarded as a promising source of traditional medicines and functional foods. Nevertheless, the nutrients and uses of mulberry differ from species (Morus alba L., Morus nigra L. and Morus rubra L.). Phenolic compounds are prominent among the biologically active ingredients in mulberry, especially flavonoids, anthocyanins and phenolic acids. Epidemiologic studies suggest that mulberry contains a rich, effective chemical composition and a wide range of biological activity, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor and so on. However, compared with other berries, there has been a lack of systematic research on mulberry, and this hinders its further expansion as a functional fruit. The main purpose of this review is to provide the latest data regarding the effective chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of mulberry to support its further therapeutic potential and health functions.
PushPIN: A Pressure-Based Behavioral Biometric Authentication System for Smartwatches

Abstract Smartwatches support diverse applications but suffer from security issues due to their limited resources; their small size poorly supports the rich, accurate input required for screen lock authentication. Additionally, traditional approaches to unlocking smart devices, such as Personal identification number, are highly susceptible to attacks such as guessing and video observation. Therefore, we propose PushPIN, a novel scheme that combines knowledge-based and behavioral biometric approaches to increase security. Input symbols are composed of the selection of one of four different targets with one of five different pressure levels, for a total of 20 possibilities. We complement this passcode by capturing behavioral biometric features from screen touches and wrist motion during input. We present two studies to assess the performance of PushPIN. The first assesses both usability and security against a random guessing attack. It shows acceptable usability—recall times of approximately 8 s and no errors—and strong security: equal error rates of 0.51%. The second study examines the resistance of PushPIN against a video observation attack, ultimately revealing that 36.67% of PushPINs could be cracked, performance that represents a substantial improvement over prior work on pressure-based authentication input. We conclude that pressure-based input can increase the security, while maintaining reasonable usability, of smartwatch lock systems.
Understanding the electrochemical sensors’ figures of merit using a H2O2 sensitive, low-cost ferrite powder first generation electrode

The development of electrochemical sensors capable of quantifying either chemical, biological, or environmental parameters of interest endorses both the increased academic and educational relevance of electrochemistry. As a result, understanding quantitative electrochemical sensing characterization and performance analysis through analytical figures of merit stands as a curricular requirement from both a theoretical and methodological standpoint as it involves the development of several skills which are highly transferable into further electrochemical education and professional practices. On the other hand, due to popular fields of applications such as non-invasive wearable electrochemical sensors for monitoring electrolytes in sweat on high-performance athletes, students are well-aware of its potential, increasing their willingness to partake in electrochemical activities. Addressing the aforementioned, the experience described herein is divided into two main sections. Firstly, a theoretical introduction regarding electrochemical sensors and electrochemical performance validation techniques known as electroanalytical figures of merit are proposed. Secondly, a hands-on experience using a H 2 O 2 sensitive ferrite powder working electrode is carried out by performing voltammetric and chronoamperometric techniques so that students develop a basic understanding of the redox processes occurring at the working electrode surface and obtain analytical performance parameters that allow conclusions to be drawn regarding the ferrite powder sensing capabilities towards H 2 O 2 reduction. As for implementation requirements, the proposed four-hour laboratory protocol is suitable for graduate/upper-level undergraduate physical or analytical chemistry courses and, due to its length, is recommended to be conducted in groups of two to three students. electrochemical sensing characterization and performance analysis through obtaining analytical figures of merit, using an H 2 O 2 sensitive low-cost ferrite powder first generation electrode. The proposed laboratory protocol is suitable for graduate/upper-level undergraduate physical or analytical chemistry courses and was designed to be conducted in groups of two to three students over a four-hour period, allowing the completion of theoretical background exposition, hands-on experience, and a closing questionnaire.
Power grid stability identification using high discriminative factors

ABSTRACT The aim of this work is stability identification considering influence of different factors such as reaction time, nominal power and price elasticity of consumers and producers in stability situation of the power grid. The binary coding-based feature weighting (BCFW) method is introduced. The proposed method assigns greater weights to the factors with higher ability in separation between stable and unstable states in the classification process. To this end, the binary vectors of the first statistics of the data samples are generated. According to the defined binary vector for each factor (feature), that factor belongs to one of four possible states. While two possible states are appropriate for separation of stable from unstable situations, two other ones are inappropriate for this purpose. Feature weighting is done according to the defined states. The proposed method shows superior performance compared to support vector machine (SVM), multinomial logistic regression (MLR), convolutional neural network (CNN), maximum likelihood (ML) and nearest neighbour (NN), especially using limited training samples. With using just 1% training samples, the proposed BCFW method identifies the stability situation with 80.01% overall accuracy, while SVM, MLR, CNN, ML and NN achieve 79.41%, 79.05%, 71.91%, 71.24% and 64.04% overall accuracy, respectively.
Metabolomic Analysis, Combined with Enzymatic and Transcriptome Assays, to Reveal the Browning Resistance Mechanism of Fresh-Cut Eggplant

Browning has been the primary limitation in eggplant processing. This study investigates the molecular mechanism underlying fresh-cut eggplant fruit browning by observing the physicochemical characteristics of browning-resistant (‘F’) and browning-sensitive (‘36′) eggplant cultivars. Browning-related enzyme activity and gene expression (PPO, LOX, and PLD) were significantly higher in the ‘36′ eggplant, thereby enhancing the degree of browning, compared to the ‘F’ eggplant. The MDA content and O2− production rate progressively increased as browning increased, while the antioxidant capacity of the fruit decreased. The cutting injury significantly activated the expression of PAL, thereby inducing the accumulation of phenolic acids, while the PPO gene was significantly upregulated, which activated the activity of polyphenol oxidase. Our results showed that the oxidation of chlorogenic acids to chlorogenic quinones resulted in the occurrence of browning, which suggests chlorogenic acid as the main browning substrate in fresh-cut eggplant.
An Efficient and Privacy-Preserving Route Matching Scheme for Carpooling Services

With the popularity of intelligent terminals and the advances of mobile Internet, carpooling service, which reduces the travel cost of each user by allowing multiple users to share one car, has received considerable attention and makes our life more convenient. However, the vigorous development of carpooling services still faces severe challenges in users’ location or route privacy. In this article, we propose an efficient and privacy-preserving route matching scheme called TAROT for carpooling services. With TAROT, users can enjoy high-quality carpooling services while without revealing sensitive location and route information. Specifically, based on a Goldwasser–Micali-based equality determination algorithm (GMEDA), we design an accurate similarity computation algorithm (ASCA), which allows users to get accurate carpooling results over ciphertexts. Meanwhile, the reverse Minhash (RM) method is also designed to construct a dissimilar route filter algorithm (DRFA), which can filter out dissimilar routes in advance and reduce computational costs and communication overheads. Security analysis shows that TAROT can protect users’ location privacy. In addition, TAROT is also evaluated with many random maps, and the simulation results demonstrate that TAROT is highly efficient.
Single-parent expression complementation contributes to phenotypic heterosis in maize hybrids

Abstract The dominance model of heterosis explains the superior performance of F1-hybrids via the complementation of deleterious alleles by beneficial alleles in many genes. Genes active in one parent but inactive in the second lead to single-parent expression (SPE) complementation in maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids. In this study, SPE complementation resulted in approximately 700 additionally active genes in different tissues of genetically diverse maize hybrids on average. We established that the number of SPE genes is significantly associated with mid-parent heterosis (MPH) for all surveyed phenotypic traits. In addition, we highlighted that maternally (SPE_B) and paternally (SPE_X) active SPE genes enriched in gene co-expression modules are highly correlated within each SPE type but separated between these two SPE types. While SPE_B-enriched co-expression modules are positively correlated with phenotypic traits, SPE_X-enriched modules displayed a negative correlation. Gene ontology term enrichment analyses indicated that SPE_B patterns are associated with growth and development, whereas SPE_X patterns are enriched in defense and stress response. In summary, these results link the degree of phenotypic MPH to the prevalence of gene expression complementation observed by SPE, supporting the notion that hybrids benefit from SPE complementation via its role in coordinating maize development in fluctuating environments.
The Changing Role of Management Accounting in Product Development: Directions to Digitalization, Sustainability, and Circularity

In an environment of multiplying uncertainties, management accounting plays an important role in addressing product development issues. Changing business models, the capabilities of companies, and increasing consumer needs require reconsideration of the directions in the product development process. The purpose of this paper is to identify the changing role of management accounting in product development, to understand how research is progressing according to such vital directions as digitalization, sustainability, and circularity. Bibliometric analysis and a systematic literature review were used to determine the main directions of the changing role of management accounting in product development. Results revealed that these directions were related to innovation, which could be considered the main driver for the changes in management accounting in product development. Furthermore, these directions are related to better company performance, which is a consequence of changes.
Discovery of Chlorophyll d: Isolation and Characterization of a Far-Red Cyanobacterium from the Original Site of Manning and Strain (1943) at Moss Beach, California

We have isolated a chlorophyll-d-containing cyanobacterium from the intertidal field site at Moss Beach, on the coast of Central California, USA, where Manning and Strain (1943) originally discovered this far-red chlorophyll. Here, we present the cyanobacterium’s environmental description, culturing procedure, pigment composition, ultrastructure, and full genome sequence. Among cultures of far-red cyanobacteria obtained from red algae from the same site, this strain was an epiphyte on a brown macroalgae. Its Qy in vivo absorbance peak is centered at 704–705 nm, the shortest wavelength observed thus far among the various known Acaryochloris strains. Its Chl a/Chl d ratio was 0.01, with Chl d accounting for 99% of the total Chl d and Chl a mass. TEM imagery indicates the absence of phycobilisomes, corroborated by both pigment spectra and genome analysis. The Moss Beach strain codes for only a single set of genes for producing allophycocyanin. Genomic sequencing yielded a 7.25 Mbp circular chromosome and 10 circular plasmids ranging from 16 kbp to 394 kbp. We have determined that this strain shares high similarity with strain S15, an epiphyte of red algae, while its distinct gene complement and ecological niche suggest that this strain could be the closest known relative to the original Chl d source of Manning and Strain (1943). The Moss Beach strain is designated Acaryochloris sp. (marina) strain Moss Beach.
Enhanced Modulation for Multiuser Molecular Communication in Internet of Nano Things

The novel concept of Internet of Nano Things (IoNT) brings even larger groups of nanomachines collaborating to achieve more complex tasks in the military, medical, and security fields. Moreover, Internet of Bio-Nano Things (IoBNT) is an emerging technology defining the seamless connection of nanomachines and biological entities with each other where they can access the traditional wireless communication networks to provide novel Internet of Things (IoT) applications, such as health monitoring, healthcare, and targeted therapy. The exchange of information between biological cells is based on the synthesis, transformation, emission, propagation, and reception of molecules. This information exchange is recently classified in telecommunications as molecular communication which is a biologically inspired technique to communicate in very small dimension networks. In nanonetworks, a high number of nanothings will operate in the same medium and they interfere with each other. Multiuser interference will create significant limits. Hence, we introduce to use the direction of releasing molecules as a new property to convey information. Releasing the molecules to the specific directions enhances the performance of molecular communication systems due to multiusers interference mitigation. Hence, adjacent transmitters can convey information in different directions, simultaneously. Then, we propose the binary direction shift keying (BDSK) modulation scheme where the transmitter pumps molecules in two different directions. Next, we obtain the error probability and achievable bit rate of BDSK modulation. Finally, we evaluate the performance of BDSK modulation by numerical results. The result of this article can be useful for molecular communication relay systems where relay nodes convey information to the different destinations.
A Non-Hazardous Deparaffinization Protocol Enables Quantitative Proteomics of Core Needle Biopsy-Sized Formalin-Fixed and Paraffin-Embedded (FFPE) Tissue Specimens

Most human tumor tissues that are obtained for pathology and diagnostic purposes are formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE). To perform quantitative proteomics of FFPE samples, paraffin has to be removed and formalin-induced crosslinks have to be reversed prior to proteolytic digestion. A central component of almost all deparaffinization protocols is xylene, a toxic and highly flammable solvent that has been reported to negatively affect protein extraction and quantitative proteome analysis. Here, we present a ‘green’ xylene-free protocol for accelerated sample preparation of FFPE tissues based on paraffin-removal with hot water. Combined with tissue homogenization using disposable micropestles and a modified protein aggregation capture (PAC) digestion protocol, our workflow enables streamlined and reproducible quantitative proteomic profiling of FFPE tissue. Label-free quantitation of FFPE cores from human ductal breast carcinoma in situ (DCIS) xenografts with a volume of only 0.79 mm3 showed a high correlation between replicates (r2 = 0.992) with a median %CV of 16.9%. Importantly, this small volume is already compatible with tissue micro array (TMA) cores and core needle biopsies, while our results and its ease-of-use indicate that further downsizing is feasible. Finally, our FFPE workflow does not require costly equipment and can be established in every standard clinical laboratory.
High Frequency Inductive Energy Harvester for the Maintenance of Electrical Assets

Extracting tiny amounts of energy from non-conventional sources using Peltier cells, piezoelectrics, antennas or inductive probes has become very popular in recent years to power low-consuming sensors in IoT applications and smart grids. These energy harvesting methods rely on the continuous generation of small quantities of electrical energy scavenged from heat, vibration or electromagnetic emissions. This energy is stored in batteries or capacitors reaching low-voltage levels that cannot be used directly to power any device. In general, the voltage is boosted to more appropriate levels with a converter. Using inductive sensors to harvest energy from electrical power lines is common knowledge. Obtaining this energy from high-power low-frequency signals is currently possible and, in some cases, reliable and profitable. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the possibility of harvesting energy from extremely low-power and high-frequency events that occur in electrical assets when the insulation is damaged. These events, called partial discharges, are used in electrical maintenance to detect possible defects in the insulation. Evaluating partial discharge activity is a common protocol in all utilities that requires the use of expensive sensors and acquisition systems, and in most occasions, decommissioning the asset to connect the measuring system. The energy from these phenomena is stored in capacitors and the use of a high-frequency voltage multiplier allows to reach voltages close to 4 V. This voltage is proportional to the number of partial discharges in a certain time span. Therefore, if the number of partial discharges per time-unit has increased noticeably, the insulation has deteriorated and the asset should be decommissioned to evaluate the damages. The paper tests the possibility of using this method as an early-warning system in the maintenance of electrical assets.
REDUCING CURRENT AVAILABILITY AND RE-CLUSTERING TIME IN SENSOR NETS

The reclustering time and effort needs happen to be minimized by presenting the idea of CH panel. In the initial stage from the protocol, the BS selects some probable CH nodes and forms the CH panel. Thinking about the reliability part of the protocol, it puts best effort to make sure a particular throughput level in the BS. The protocol is reliable when it comes to data delivery in the base station (BS). We consider mobility in sensor nodes as well as in the BS. The suggested protocol is hierarchical and cluster based. Each cluster includes one cluster mind (CH) node, two deputy CH nodes, and a few ordinary sensor nodes. Wireless sensor systems (WSNs) are resource restricted. Energy is among the most significant sources such systems. Therefore, optimal utilization of energy is essential. Within this paper, we present a manuscript energy-efficient routing protocol for WSNs. Future scope of the jobs is outlined. Furthermore, alternate pathways can be used for data transmission from a CH node and also the BS. With respect to the topology from the network, the information transmission in the CH node towards the BS is transported out either directly or perhaps in multichip fashion. Rigorous simulation results illustrate the power efficiency, throughput, and prolonged duration of the nodes intoxicated by the suggested protocol.
In Vitro Study of the Biological Potential of Wastewater Obtained after the Distillation of Four Bulgarian Oil-Bearing Roses

The wastewater after rose oil distillation is usually discharged into the drainage systems and it represents a serious environmental problem. While being rich in polyphenols, which have beneficial biological activity and application in the pharmaceutical industry, limited research has been carried out about the biological activity of the specific wastewaters per se. Wastewaters after distillation of the four Bulgarian oil-bearing roses Rosa damascena Mill. , R. alba L. , R. centifolia L. , and R. gallica L. exerted significant antioxidant activity and good antiherpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) activity while maintaining a good toxicological safety profile (low cytotoxic effect) towards normal cell lines. More precisely, the non-tumorigenic cells were a human (HEK-293 embryonic kidney cells) and a mouse cell line (CCL-1 fibroblasts, which are recommended as a standard for cytotoxicity evaluation in Annex C of ISO 10993-5). The concentrations that achieved antioxidant and radical scavenging effects (0.04–0.92% v/v) were much lower than most of the maximum tolerated concentrations for the tissue culture cells (0.2–3.4% v/v). The wastewaters had a weak antiproliferative effect against Staphylococcus aureus. None of the wastewaters had activity against Gram-negative bacteria or a bactericidal or antifungal effect. We can conclude that these four species, which are the most preferred species worldwide for producing high-quality rose oil, have the potential to be developed as promising antioxidant and antiherpesvirus nutraceuticals.
Thermoelectric coolers for high-power-density 3D electronics heat management

Future advancements in three-dimensional (3D) electronics require robust thermal management methodology. Thermoelectric coolers (TECs) are reliable and solid-state heat pumping devices with high cooling capacity that can meet the requirements of emerging 3D microelectronic devices. Here, we first provide the design of TECs for electronics cooling using a computational model and then experimentally validate the main predictions. Key device parameters such as device thickness, leg density, and contact resistance were studied to understand their influence on the performance of TECs. Our results show that it is possible to achieve high cooling power density through optimization of TE leg height and packing density. Scaling of TECs is shown to provide ultra-high cooling power density.
Power Electronics Thermal Management R&D

This project will develop thermal management strategies to enable efficient and high-temperature wide-bandgap (WBG)-based power electronic systems (e.g., emerging inverter and DC-DC converter designs). The use of WBG-based devices in automotive power electronics will improve efficiency and increase driving range in electric-drive vehicles; however, the implementation of this technology is limited, in part, due to thermal issues. This project will develop system-level thermal models to determine the thermal limitations of current automotive power modules under elevated device temperature conditions. Additionally, novel cooling concepts and material selection will be evaluated to enable high-temperature silicon and WBG devices in power electronics components. WBG devices (silicon carbide [SiC], gallium nitride [GaN]) promise to increase efficiency, but will be driven as hard as possible. This creates challenges for thermal management and reliability.