Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Developments in Theories of Electrokinetic Phenomena: From Smoluchowski to ELKIN

: A review is given on theories of electrokinetic phenomena in a suspension of charged colloidal particles (e.g., electrophoresis of colloidal particles in an applied electric field). A special em-phasis is put on the electrophoresis theories of Smoluchowski, Hückel, Henry, and Overbeek. The roles of the particle zeta potential and the electrical double layer formed around a charged particle, the electrophoretic retardation effect, the difference between Smoluchowski’s and Hückel’s theories, and the relaxation effect are extensively discussed. Historical arguments relating to the appearance of a maximum of the electrophoretic mobility plotted as a function of the particle zeta potential are ad-dressed. Finally, the history and present activities of the International Symposium of Electrokinetic Phenomena (ELKIN) starting in 1993 as well as the topics present in the recent symposia are re-viewed.
Association of Peripheral Blood Biomarkers With Response to Anti-PD-1 Immunotherapy for Patients With dMMR Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Multicenter Cohort Study

Background: Mismatch repair deficient (dMMR) is an established biomarker for response to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in metastatic colorectal carcinoma (mCRC). Although patients with dMMR mCRC could achieve a high incidence of disease control and favorable progression-free survival (PFS), reported response rates to PD-1 inhibitors are variable with 28%–52%, indicating that additional predictive biomarkers are warranted.Methods: This multicenter cohort study enrolled patients with dMMR mCRC receiving anti-PD-1 immunotherapy at Sun Yat-sen University, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital and Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center between December, 2016 to December, 2019. A total of 20 peripheral blood biomarkers, including T cells (frequency of CD4+ T cell, frequency of CD8+ T cell, ratio of CD4+/CD8+), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), inflammatory markers and lipid metabolism markers. The association between response or survival and peripheral blood parameters was analyzed. Results: Among tested parameters, ratio of CD4+/CD8+, frequency of CD4+ T cell was significantly associated with PFS (P=0.023, P=0.012) and OS (P=0.027, P=0.019) in univariate analysis. Lower level of CD4+/CD8+ ratio or frequency of CD4+ T cell showed significant association with better overall response rates (ORR; P = 0.03, P=0.01). Ratio of CD4+/CD8+, and frequency of CD4+ T cell maintained significance in multivariate Cox model for PFS (HR=9.23, P=0.004; HR=4.83, P=0.02) and OS (HR=15.22, P=0.009; HR=16.21, P=0.025). Conclusions: Ratio of CD4+/CD8+ and frequency of CD4+ T cell might be crucial independent biomarkers within dMMR mCRC to better identify patients for response to PD-1 inhibitors. If validated in prospective clinical trials, ratio of CD4+/CD8+ and frequency of CD4+ T cell might provide aid in guiding the treatment of PD-1 inhibitors in dMMR mCRC.
Effect of Vermicompost on Soil and Runoff Properties in Northern Iran

Abstract This study aimed at measuring the effect of vermicompost on soil physical and chemical properties and runoff quality and quantity in agro-ecosystems in Northern Iran. Thus, runoff measurement plots of 1 × 5 m were set up in sloping lands under natural rainfall during 5 months. Runoff quality and quantity, soil properties, and plant growth were measured. This study shows that the amount of runoff water and its quality (sediment yields, nitrate content, pH, and conductivity) were not influenced by the fertilization treatments (vermicompost alone, chemical fertilization alone, or their mixture), except for the first month of the experiment where a lower runoff amount was measured when vermicompost was applied alone. Although no difference in plant growth was found, our results showed a significant improvement of soil properties when vermicompost was used as a fertilizer. Consequently, this study shows that vermicompost can be considered as an alternative application for reducing the use of chemical fertilizers and improving soil properties but its impact on plant growth and runoff is limited to the short term.
Allele Surfing and Holocene Expansion of an Australian Fig (Ficus—Moraceae)

The creek sandpaper fig of southeastern Australia, Ficus coronata Spin, is culturally significant to Australian traditional owners who made use of the leaves to smooth timber and ate the fruit. The species is thought to have a long history on the continent, with some suggesting a Gondwanan origin. However, distributional patterns and overall ecology suggest a recent expansion across suitable habitats. We used landscape genomic techniques and environmental niche modelling to reconstruct its history and explore whether the species underwent a recent and rapid expansion along the east coast of New South Wales. Genomic analysis of 178 specimens collected from 32 populations throughout the species’ New South Wales distribution revealed a lack of genetic diversity and population structure. Some populations at the species’ southern and western range limits displayed unexpected diversity, which appears to be the result of allele surfing. Field work and genetic evidence suggest a Holocene expansion which may have increased since European colonisation. We also present a novel method for detecting allele surfing—MAHF (minor allele at highest frequency).
Rehabilitation of a Sandy Soil With Aluminum-Water Treatment Residual

Abstract Water treatment residual (WTR) is a waste material from drinking water process. Land application is an option for aluminum-WTR (Al-WTR) disposal. A promising concept is application of Al-WTR and plant residue simultaneously for the rehabilitation of sandy soil quality. The objective of this study was to explore the changes in soil properties and growth of Bahia grass (Paspalum notatum F.) with application rates of Al-WTR ranging from 2.5% to 10% (wt/wt) and pine bark compost at a constant rate of 5.0% in a pot experiment. The results that indicate the soil bulk density, water-stable aggregates, and saturated hydraulic conductivity were improved by Al-WTR application. The Al-WTR application alone significantly (P < 0.05) decreased available P concentration in the soil, whereas the decrease in P availability could not be confirmed with the coapplication of Al-WTR. The coapplication of Al-WTR and compost increased microbial biomass carbon compared with application of Al-WTR alone in the soil. The rates of coapplication to the soil are safe with regard to heavy metals in the soil and plants. Shoot biomass production of grass increased significantly with increased application rate of Al-WTR.
Assessment of the Results and Methodology of the Sustainable Development Index for Spanish Cities

In 2017, the United Nations adopted a global Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) indicator framework, calling on member countries to collect complementary national and regional indicators. Cities are crucial to channelling efforts towards sustainability through the use of these indicators. They provide an integrated approach to the city situation monitoring sustainability. However, more research is needed to understand how to adapt the goals, targets and indicators to specific municipal contexts. In 2020, the Spanish Sustainable Development Solutions Network launched the 2nd edition of the Spanish Cities Index. A set of 106 indicators allows for monitoring the implementation of the SDGs at the local level for Spanish cities. The objective is to perform a statistical audit to evaluate the consistency of the indicators and the impact of modelling assumptions on the result. The methodology used is an adaptation of the Handbook on Constructing Composite Indicator prepared by the European Commission. The indicator system is well balanced and covers the essential areas of the Sustainable Development Goals. The Spanish ranking is robust enough among the alternatives evaluated. However, some improvements are possible in the selection of indicators, e.g., removing redundant indicators and regional data. Finally, it is recommended to weigh goals based on municipal responsibility to adjust the results to the Spanish municipal context.
Novel Inverse Supported Ionic Liquid Absorbents for Acidic Gas Removal from Flue Gas

This work reports on the astonishing high capacity of inverse supported ionic liquid absorbents, hereinafter denoted as “inverse SILPs” to remove acidic gases (SO2 and CO2) from flue gas streams. These nonconventional SILPs are easily prepared in the form of flowing powder via a phase inversion technique and consist of tiny ionic liquid (IL) droplets enclosed into an ultrathin, porous solid sleeve of pyrogenic silica nanoparticles. The CO2/N2 and SO2/CO2 separation performance and regeneration efficiency of inverse SILPs developed from six different ILs and two IL/chitosan ionogels was examined via gravimetric CO2, N2 absorption isotherms and via SO2, CO2, O2 breakthrough curves from gas mixtures in fixed beds. The involved ILs varied from chemisorbing ones, composed of alkyl- or alkanol-ammonium cations and amino acid anions, to physisorbing ones including ether functionalized anions and 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium cations. It is noteworthy that the best performing inverse SILP consisted of a very common.
CSR fit and organizational attractiveness for job applicants

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore a conceptual model on the influence of corporate social responsibility (CSR) “fit” on organizational attractiveness among job applicants under the boundary conditions of chief executive officer (CEO) activism and CSR credibility. Design/methodology/approach The study is based on archival research, largely reviewing extant in CSR and drawing propositions based on existing theory. Findings Paper draws propositions based on CSR fit, credibility and CEO activism. The paper asserts the influence of CSR fit on organizational attractiveness among job applicants. It further explains moderated mediating mechanism through which CSR fit influences organizational attractiveness among job applicants. Originality/value Recruitment has primarily explored the role of CSR in attracting potential job candidates. This paper presents the role of CSR “fit,” an aspect not explored before in recruitment. This paper also introduces the role of CEO activism in recruitment.
Analysis of microbial community biodiversity in activated sludge from a petrochemical plant

The1active sludge process is one of the most-used techniques for the biodegradation of organic compounds present in effluents from an assortment of wastewaters. This study investigated the bacterial community structure of a petroleum industry’s activated sludge and its physical and chemical parameters using high-throughput sequencing. Samples were collected over one year: autumn 2015 (C1), winter 2015 (C2), spring 2015 (C3), and summer 2016 (C4). Total DNA was extracted, and the primers targeting the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene were used for amplicon sequencing. The majority of the detected microorganisms were considered rare microbiota, presenting a relative abundance below 1% of the total sequences. All of the sequences were classified at the phylum level, and up to 55% of the ASVs (Amplicon Sequence Variants) were associated with known bacterial genera. Proteobacteria was the most abundant phylum in three seasons, while the phylum Armatimonadota dominated in one season. The genus Hyphomicrobium was the most abundant in autumn, winter and summer, and an ASV belonging to the family Fimbriimonadaceae was the most abundant in the spring. Canonical Correspondence Analysis showed that physicochemical parameters of SS, SD and TSS are correlated, as well as ammoniacal nitrogen. Sample C3 presented the highest values of COD, AN and solids (SS, SD and TSS). The highest COD, AN, and solids values are correlated to the high frequency of the phylum Armatimonadota in C3.
City with Smart Waste Management: Introducing Waste Bin Technologies

Population growth and urbanization have led to an increase in the rate of waste production, the lack of timely and proper management of which will have adverse effects on human life and the environment. Since most of the waste management costs are spent on waste collection and transportation, it is necessary to find solutions to control the huge costs of this sector. On the other hand, today, intelligent technologies are used globally as solutions to meet challenges in various fields such as agriculture to improve agro-industrial production, transportation, and waste management, which creates a concept called smart cities. One of the categories that has changed the concept of cities and made them have easier and smarter answers to various events and needs is the "Internet of Things", in which many cases and infrastructures with new hardware technologies and Software are integrated. Waste collection is no exception to this rule and efforts have been made to make it smarter. In this research, some of the latest innovations presented globally in order to make trash smarter have been examined.
Attitude and Practices Regarding Use of Direct Acting Antiviral Agents (DAAs) in the Treatment of Hepatitis C among Health Care Practitioners “A Survey-based Study”

Approximately 3% of the world population has been known to be infected with HCV. Hepatitis C virus is a major etiological factor behind the development of liver diseases such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Interferon-based therapy has remained as the mainstay treatment for HCV for decades. Owing to the unavoidable side effects of interferon, direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) have been approved recently for the treatment of HCV-infected patient. These drugs have brought revolution in the management of HCV because of their favorable side effects profiles and enhanced rates of sustained virological response. We conducted a questionnaire-based survey study to assess the knowledge and current practices among specialists and senior post graduate trainees regarding treatment of HCV with DAAs. The questionnaire was based on latest WHO Original Research Article Saifullah et al.; JPRI, 33(30B): 133-140, 2021; Article no.JPRI. 69018 134 guidelines for treating HCV. The results obtained were collected and tabulated. Majority (95%) of physicians were between the age of 21-30 years and mostly (69.6%) were females. Almost three fourth of the practitioners were aware of direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) and 70.2% agreed that they reduce the duration of treatment along with low bill burden along with lesser side effects. In this study, we could see that the participants’ knowledge and practices regarding use of DAAs, preference over interferon therapy and recommended combinations for different age groups was appreciable, however there is still a gap of knowledge among doctors regarding treatment of HCV with DAAs which needs to be filled with the help of proper health educational programs and training.
Business analytics in Industry 4.0: A systematic review

Recently, the term “Industry 4.0” has emerged to characterize several Information Technology and Communication (ICT) adoptions in production processes (e.g., Internet‐of‐Things, implementation of digital production support information technologies). Business Analytics is often used within the Industry 4.0, thus incorporating its data intelligence (e.g., statistical analysis, predictive modelling, optimization) expert system component. In this paper, we perform a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) on the usage of Business Analytics within the Industry 4.0 concept, covering a selection of 169 papers obtained from six major scientific publication sources from 2010 to March 2020. The selected papers were first classified in three major types, namely, Practical Application, Reviews and Framework Proposal. Then, we analysed with more detail the practical application studies which were further divided into three main categories of the Gartner analytical maturity model, Descriptive Analytics, Predictive Analytics and Prescriptive Analytics. In particular, we characterized the distinct analytics studies in terms of the industry application and data context used, impact (in terms of their Technology Readiness Level) and selected data modelling method. Our SLR analysis provides a mapping of how data‐based Industry 4.0 expert systems are currently used, disclosing also research gaps and future research opportunities.
Security of Things Intrusion Detection System for Smart Healthcare

Web security plays a very crucial role in the Security of Things (SoT) paradigm for smart healthcare and will continue to be impactful in medical infrastructures in the near future. This paper addressed a key component of security-intrusion detection systems due to the number of web security attacks, which have increased dramatically in recent years in healthcare, as well as the privacy issues. Various intrusion-detection systems have been proposed in different works to detect cyber threats in smart healthcare and to identify network-based attacks and privacy violations. This study was carried out as a result of the limitations of the intrusion detection systems in responding to attacks and challenges and in implementing privacy control and attacks in the smart healthcare industry. The research proposed a machine learning support system that combined a Random Forest (RF) and a genetic algorithm: a feature optimization method that built new intrusion detection systems with a high detection rate and a more accurate false alarm rate. To optimize the functionality of our approach, a weighted genetic algorithm and RF were combined to generate the best subset of functionality that achieved a high detection rate and a low false alarm rate. This study used the NSL-KDD dataset to simultaneously classify RF, Naive Bayes (NB) and logistic regression classifiers for machine learning. The results confirmed the importance of optimizing functionality, which gave better results in terms of the false alarm rate, precision, detection rate, recall and F1 metrics. The combination of our genetic algorithm and RF models achieved a detection rate of 98.81% and a false alarm rate of 0.8%. This research raised awareness of privacy and authentication in the smart healthcare domain, wireless communications and privacy control and developed the necessary intelligent and efficient web system. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm was applied to examine the F1-score and precisionperformance as compared to the NSL-KDD and CSE-CIC-IDS2018 datasets using different scaling factors. The results showed that the proposed GA was greatly optimized, for which the average precision was optimized by 5.65% and the average F1-score by 8.2%.
Effect of Metal Doping on Electronic Structure and Visible Light Absorption of SrTiO3 and NaTaO3 (Metal = Mn, Fe, and Co)

First-principles density functional theory calculations have been performed on the electronic structure of M-doped SrTiO3 (M = Mn, Fe, and Co) to evaluate the effect of metal dopants on the geometric structure and electronic structure of SrTiO3. On the basis of the optimized structures of M-doped SrTiO3, our calculations show that substitutional M at the Ti site requires smaller formation energy than substituting M for the Sr site. Some Mn and Co 3d states appear below the bottom of the conduction band, and some Fe 3d states are located above the top of the valence band, which result in the decreased band gap with respect to the perfect SrTiO3, and thus, the visible light absorption is observed. Further research indicates that different dopant concentrations in M-doped SrTiO3 simulated by changing the size of the supercell do not bring significant effects in the electronic characteristics. On the basis of the calculated results on M-doped SrTiO3, we theoretically predicted that Mn-NaTaO3 is suitable for p.
Microbubble-mediated sonothrombolysis with BR38 of a venous full blood thrombus in a rat embolic stroke model

Background Early recanalization of an occluded vessel is associated with a better clinical outcome in acute ischemic stroke. Intravenous thrombolysis using recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) is only available in a minority of patients and often fails to reopen the occluded vessel. Mechanical recanalization is more effective in this matter but only available for selected patients when a thrombectomy centre can be reached. Therefore, sonothrombolysis might represent an alternative or complementary approach. Here, we tested microbubble-mediated sonothrombolysis (mmSTL) in a thromboembolic stroke model for middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rats. Methods Sixty-seven male Wistar rats underwent MCAO using an autologous full blood thrombus and were randomly assigned to four groups receiving rt-PA, mmSTL, a combination of both, or a placebo. Diagnostic workup included neurological examination, assessment of infarct size, and presence of intracerebral haemorrhage by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and presence of microbleedings in histological staining. Results Neurological examination revealed no differences between the treatment groups. In all treatment groups, there was a reduction in infarct size 24 hours after MCAO as compared to the placebo (P≤0.05), but there were no differences between the active treatment groups (P>0.05) (placebo 0.75±0.10 cm3; mmSTL 0.43±0.07 cm3; rt-PA 0.4±0.07 cm3; mmSTL + rt-PA 0.27±0.08 cm3). Histological staining displayed intracerebral microbleedings in all animals. The frequency of gross bleeding detected by MRI did not differ between the groups (placebo 3; mmSTL 4; rt-PA 2; mmSTL + rt-PA 2; P>0.05) and was not associated with worse performance in clinical testing (P>0.05). There were no statistical differences in the mortality between the groups (P>0.05). Conclusions Our study showed the efficacy and safety of mmSTL with or without rt-PA in an embolic rat stroke model using a continuous full blood thrombus. Sonothrombolysis might be useful for patients who need to be transported to a thrombectomy centre or for those with distal vessel occlusion.
Multi-Source and Temporal Attention Network for Probabilistic Wind Power Prediction

The temporal dependencies of wind power are significant to be involved in the modeling of short-term wind power forecasts. However, different time series inputs will contribute differently to the forecasting performance and bring in challenges to the selection of the relevant driving information. In this paper, a Multi-Source and Temporal Attention Network (MSTAN) is proposed for short-term wind power probabilistic prediction. The MSTAN model introduces multi-source NWP and makes three specific designs to improve prediction performance. Firstly, a novel multi-source variable attention module is proposed to select the driving variables of NWP. Secondly, a temporal attention module is used to capture the implicit temporal dependency hidden in the historical measurements and multi-source NWP sequence. Thirdly, the residual module is wrapped in MSTAN to skip some unnecessary nonlinear transformations and provide adaptive complexity to the entire model. After training, multi-horizon density forecasts for the next 48 hours are yielded by MSTAN. The MSTAN is compared with state-of-the-art machine learning schemes in the wind power forecasting system using the operation data from 3 wind farms. We demonstrate that MSTAN outperforms other counterparts on both deterministic and probabilistic prediction. The structure design scheme of MSTAN has been proven effective.