Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Research on Enhancement Method of Feather Images Based on Color Constancy

This article discusses the requirements and implementation of feather image enhancement. Feather image enhancement need correct the uneven illumination, maintain color constancy and preserve texture details. Experiments are taken with four typical enhancement algorithms. The result shows that MSRCR algorithm can preferable meet the requirements. A novel improvement on MSRCR is proposed, that can get better effect.
SPATIAL ESTIMATION OF MAIZEEVAPOTRANSPIRATION (ZEA MAYS) USING THE SEBAL ALGORITHM IN THE VALLEY OF HUAYLAS, HUARAZ -PERU,DURING 2016.

The objective of the research was to estimate spatially the evapotranspiration (ET) of maize with the help of remote sensing using the SEBAL algorithm for the conditions of the Huaylas valley, Huaraz (Perú), during the year 2016. The algorithm was programmed with the Builder ArcGis model for 12 LANDSAT 8 satellite images from 14/may/2016 to 06/november/2016 with a temporal variability of 15 days. At the same time, a maize plot of 2 ha was monitored at the Cañasbamba Research Center of the National University Santiago Antúnez de Mayolo, Huaraz (Perú). The meteorological data were obtained from Cañasbamba and Tingua stations. Lysimeter results indicated a minimum ET of 2.68 mm/day on 09/june/2016, an average ET of 3.93 mm/day and a maximum ET of 5.9 mm/day on 04/september/2016. Likewise, 11 maize monitoring points distributed in the study area were considered, due to the fact that the beginning of sowing depends on the owners of the agricultural lands, varying by days or months. When comparing the observed and measured real evapotranspiration, a relative error of 0.08, the root of the quadratic mean error of 0.3, a determination coefficient of 0.94 and a Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency of 0.91 were obtained, the results obtained with the SEBAL algorithm being satisfactory. In the study area located between the districts of Yungay and Carhuaz, Huaraz (Perú), mean values ranging from 4.0 mm/day to 6.2 mm/day were found throughout the analysis period.
On-line detection for LED module based on machine vision

LED module board is the basic composition unit of LED panel, and the quality of module board is the key and premised for panel to obtain a display of good quality. In this paper, based on the practice of project, use median filtering to filter the pulse and salt-pepper noises, which are produced in the process of image acquisition, and use the adaptive OTSU to segment images, adjust the angle between standard position image and the image caused by table vibration with Fomier-Mellin method, and process results adjusted with bilinear interpolation method. Results show that, using the image segmentation method can accurately determine the threshold image segmentation, results meet factory detection requirements, the method can be used in the industrial field of application of real-time measurement system with a higher promotional value.
Head Movements Made by Listeners in Experimental and Real-Life Listening Activities

Understanding the way in which listeners move their heads must be part of any objective model for evaluating and reproducing the sonic experience of space. Head movement is part of the listening experience because it allows for sensing the spatial distribution of parameters. In the first experiment, the head positions of subjects was recorded when they were asked to evaluate perceived source location, apparent source width, envelopment, and timbre of synthesis stimuli. Head motion was larger when judging source width than when judging direction or timbre. In the second experiment, head movement was observed in natural listening activities such as concerts, movies, and video games. Because the statistics of movement were similar to that observed in the first experiment, laboratory results can to be used as the basis of an objective model of spatial behavior. The results were based on 10 subjects.
Revealed Preference Methods and the Pure Theory of the Cost of Capital

IN A CLASSIC 1958 PAPER Professors Modigliani and Miller (MM) [6] showed, given the assumptions of 1) the existence of "equivalent return" classes, 2) perfect capital markets (i.e. no taxes, transactions costs, etc.) with atomistic competition prevailing and 3) the existence of a bond market in which both firms and investors can borrow at the same certain rate of interest, that "the market value of any firm is independent of its capital structure . From this it directly follows that ". the average cost of capital to any firm is completely independent of its capital structure . The "equivalent return" or "risk" classes were deemed to be closely related to industry groupings, identifiable only by resort to empirical methods (footnote 9). The conclusions reached by the authors in the paper are substantiated by invoking "arbitrage" arguments within these risk classes. Needless to say, a part of the literature subsequently generated dealt with the rationality of the assumption of "risk classes" and the effectiveness of the "arbitrage" process in establishing the desired relations. Unfortunately arguments made along these lines are empty ones. The very same authors, some years later in a footnote to an equally prominent paper [5, footnote 26], recognize (in the discussion of dividend policy) that risk classes and arbitrage are unnecessary. But it wasn't until some years later that theorists took up the challenge to prove the propositions set forth in the original work sans arbitrage and, in fact, this original method of proof is reproduced in virtually all corporate finance texts. Hirshleifer [2], [3], [4] was apparently the first on record to show that MM holds without arbitrage. He employed the state-preference approach to analyze investor choice under risk. Robichek and Myers [9] extend the analysis of capital structure in the state-preference framework and find that with respect to Proposition I, no restrictions are necessary concerning possible growth patterns in operating income. In addition an original assumption of homogeneous expectations [6, p. 129] is unnecessary. However, the riskless borrowing assumption is required since costly bankruptcy will lead to a violation of Proposition I. An additional ceteris paribus assumption is required since it is possible for changes in future investment and financing decisions made in conjunction with the (current) capital structure decision to result in a deviation from market value invariance.
New Method to Identify Transformer Inrush Current Based on FFT and SVM

To improve transformer longitudinal differential protections reliability, this paper deeply analyzes generation mechanism and characteristic of transformer inrush current, and uses PSCAD/EMTDC software to simulate 188 kinds of transformer operation states. They are including internal fault current, inrush current and no-load closing with internal fault. On the background of those simulations, it proposes a simple and accurate method to identify inrush current based on SVM. SVM selects Gaussion Kernel, and takes three-phase differential current, fundamental, secondary harmonic and third harmonic as characteristic quantities. Many cross-validation results verify that the training SVM has high accuracy. This method can identify inrush current and internal fault current (including no-load closing with internal fault current) rapidly and accurately. It takes less time, and is easy to perform.
Weak-Points Diagnosis of Gas Turbine Disk by Modal Parameter Identification

In order to keep gas turbine disk safe and reliable, and to provide reliable data for the dynamic design or modification of a gas turbine disk, dynamic characteristic of the gas turbine disk has to be obtained. In the paper, the method based on the combination of calculation mode and the experiment mode is proposed to analysis the dynamic characteristic of the gas turbine disk. The modal parameters and the mode shapes are calculated through ANSYS program. On the basis of these modal parameters, the faults of the gas turbine disk are shown and its weak points of the design are illustrated. The reason for deformation is analyzed and relevant measures employed to reduce faults are proposed. By these improvements in question, a guarantee of the gas turbine disk working normally has been available.
Implementation and impact of IT-supported performance measurement systems

There is little solid research evidence that illustrates the implementation and impacts of performance measurement systems. From a structured pilot case study, it was demonstrated that appropriately designed performance measurement systems with appropriate IT support, driven by senior management commitment, had delivered positive impact on management and business when implemented. Based on these results, a hypothesis was constructed on several enabling factors (technical and people factors), which ensure the appropriateness of the IT support and its use for performance measurement and hence assess the impact of IT-supported performance measurement systems (IT-PMS). The hypothesis was tested in three other companies using action research as the main methodology. From the results obtained, it was found that IT-PMS would bring improvements in identifying business weaknesses, facilitating managers with proactive decision-making, facilitating continuous improvement, increasing transparency and visibility and increasing positive behaviour. The paper also includes the factors that are causing this impact and establishes the relationship between the IT-PMS implementation, factors and impact.
Compact balanced UWB bandpass filter with one narrow notched band

A compact balanced ultra‐wideband bandpass filter (BPF) with one sharply notched band is presented in this article. The proposed BPF based on microstrip‐to‐slotline transition obtains favorable uniform differential‐mode response and good common‐mode suppression. Moreover, one narrow notched band with a 3 dB bandwidth of 6.8% is realized by introducing one coupled half‐wavelength resonator. The fabricated filter has a more than 25% size reduction compared to the designs reported in open literature. The predicted results are compared with measured ones and good agreement is achieved. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:1626–1629, 2014
A compact bandpass filter using dielectric resonators for cellular portable telephones

The microwave dielectric properties of a Ba(2−x)Sm(4+2x/3)Ti9O26 system (BST) (0.0≤x≤0.3) and the design procedures for a microwave coaxial dielectric bandpass filter are investigated in this work. Dielectric coaxial resonators with excellent dielectric properties of εr=75–80, a Q×f value=11,000, and great temperature stability at the resonant frequency (τf=∼0 ppm/°C) were used. Microwave bandpass filters for mobile communication systems were constructed by using such λ/4 coaxial resonators. Both air‐gap coupling and direct coupling methods were applied as the coupling instruments in the transformation of electromagnetic energy. The comb‐line theory was used to adjust the response of filters. The resonant frequency of each resonator, the coupling coefficients between adjacent resonators, and the external quality factor were adjusted to achieve the target specifications. The measured responses were in excellent agreement with the expected results. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 29: 359–362, 2001.
Comparing Measures and Variables in Multimodal Street Performance Calculations

Scholars, municipalities, and federal agencies have proposed new measures for evaluating street performance for nonautomobile modes, including transit service, bicycles, and walking. These changes are in response to the critique that the current street performance measure, traditional level of service (LOS), overemphasizes the free flow of automobile traffic and neglects other users of the transportation system. Although the promise of new metrics has attracted a lot of attention, there is little documented knowledge of how these measures compare with each other. This paper reports the results of an analysis of three new tools: the LOS protocol developed by the City of Charlotte, North Carolina; the Bicycle Environmental Quality and Pedestrian Environmental Quality Indexes (considered as one tool for the purposes of this study) developed by the Department of Public Health of San Francisco, California; and the Highway Capacity Manual 2010 multimodal LOS. Analysis of the scores produced by these tools enabled a comparison of these metrics and revealed that these tools can produce radically different output scores. The contribution of specific variables to the overall score for each measure and mode was examined to explain these scoring differences. Although more research is needed to understand whether these differences always hold true, this paper will help practitioners and the research community better understand the promise of these new measures and the challenges that lie ahead.
Using consensus from experts to inform a shared understanding of subjective terms.

BACKGROUND Consensus methods such as Delphi studies or the group nominal method have long been used in healthcare research to develop services, processes or policies and inform further research. However, concept analysis and meta-synthesis tools are used more frequently to seek a collective understanding of subjective terms. AIM To examine the use of consensus methods to develop linguistic clarity in healthcare research. DISCUSSION The authors argue that consensus methods are appropriate for determining linguistic clarity when researching subjective terms. The paper includes a sample research design that incorporates this approach. Consensus methods, supported by interpretive synthesis of the concept and research, can enrich our understanding of subjective terms used in healthcare research. CONCLUSION Understanding the importance of linguistic clarity is an important step for healthcare researchers. Consensus methods, if managed effectively and conducted in line with the appropriate research guidelines, can bring a richer understanding to concepts. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE This paper presents a research example that incorporates the use of a consensus method and which healthcare researchers can use to reduce the potential ambiguity of subjective terms in their research.
Evaluation of Rocof Relay Performances on Networks with Distributed Generation

Due to the increasing levels of distributed generation in the distribution network, the correct operation of loss-of mains protection is of utmost importance. Utilities have voiced their concern relating to the false operation of ROCOF relays, which are one of the most commonly employed loss-of-mains detection method. Whilst 'standard settings' are used, the performances of commercially available ROCOF relays are reported to vary considerably. This paper presents an investigation on the characteristic of ROCOF relays that contribute to their diverse operating responses. The factors investigated are frequency measuring techniques, measuring windows, time delays and the under-voltage interlock function. With the increasing penetration of DG into the network, it is becoming common to have multiple DG units connected to the same network location. Two generators connected at similar location and employing ROCOF relays with the same setting but different characteristics were simulated. When subjected to the same network disturbances, the possible interference between the two relays was analyzed.
KINEMATIC COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE COORDINATION PATTERN OF THE BASKETBALL FREE THROW

Coordination patterns are an important part of everyday movement. The pattern of intersegmental movement is specific to each task we perform. Hudson (1986) broke down tasks into two basic categories: simultaneous which is used when accuracy is important to the task, and sequential which is used when velocity is the key to the task. The sequential pattern of movement is best defined by the summation of speed principle put forth by Bunn (1972) when he stated that in activities where the highest speed at the moment of release was necessary, the speed was developed when the movement of each segment started at the moment of greatest velocity of the preceding segment. The purpose of this study was to conduct a comparative biomechanical analysis of the system of coordination used in the basketball free throw. Four individuals of different abilities ranging from elite (a professional basketball player) to novice (an eleven year old boy with little basketball experience) participated in this study. The subjects were video taped (60 fps) shooting a free throw on a regulation basketball court in the sagittal plane on the right side (all subjects were right handed). Each performance was digitized and analyzed using the PEAK Performance 2-dimensional movement analysis system interfaced with a Panasonic AG-7350 recorder, Sony PVM-1341 monitor, and Zenith 486 microcomputer. The angular velocity of the shoulder, elbow, and wrist of the shooting arm and the hip, knee, and ankle of the same side were examined. It was found that all subjects exhibited simultaneous movement of all three joints of the leg. The elite performer exhibited sequential movement of the segments of the shooting arm where the novice exhibited complete simultaneous movement. From the results of the study, the free throw was defined as an intermediate task requiring both velocity and accuracy. This research may be used as a coaching tool in improving the performance of the free throw for any basketball player by studying the detailed analysis of the pattern of coordination of a professional player then comparing the player to any subject on the continuum outlined in this study.
Engineering Principles of Acoustics—Noise & Vibration Control

Part I Introduction Chapter 1 What Is Personality? Chapter 2 How Is Personality Studied and Assessed? Part IIEight Basic Aspects of Personality Chapter 3 Psychoanalytic Aspects of Personality Chapter 4 Neo-Analytic and Ego Aspects of Personality: Identity Chapter 5 Biological Aspects of Personality Chapter 6 Behaviorist and Learning Aspects of Personality Chapter 7 Cognitive and Social-Cognitive Aspects of Personality Chapter 8 Trait Aspects of Personality Chapter 9 Humanistic, Existential, and Positive Aspects of Personality Chapter 10 Personâ Situation Interactionist Aspects of Personality Part IIIApplications to Individual Differences Chapter 11 Maleâ Female Differences Chapter 12 Stress, Adjustment, and Health Differences Chapter 13 Culture, Religion, and Ethnicity: Processes and Differences Chapter 14 Love and Hate Part IVConclusion and Outlook for the Future Chapter 15 Where Will We Find Personality?
Magnetic field reduction using high phase order lines

Ground level electric, and more recently magnetic, fields from overhead power transmission lines are increasingly important considerations in right-of-way specification, with states setting or planning to set edge-of-right-of-way limits. Research has been conducted on high-phase-order power transmission wherein six or twelve phases are used to transmit power in less physical space and with reduced electrical environmental effects compared with conventional designs. The first magnetic field testing verifies predictive methods for determination of magnetic fields from high-phase-order lines. Based on these analytical methods, field profiles are determined for lines of different phase order but comparable power capacity. Potential advantages of high phase order as a means of field mitigation are discussed. >
20 Gbit/s error free transmission with ~850 nm GaAs-based vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) containing InAs-GaAs submonolayer quantum dot insertions

We report on the modeling, epitaxial growth, fabrication, and characterization of 830-845 nm vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) that employ InAs-GaAs quantum dot (QD) gain elements. The GaAs-based VCSELs are essentially conventional in design, grown by solid-source molecular beam epitaxy, and include top and bottom gradedheterointerface AlGaAs distributed Bragg reflectors, a single selectively-oxidized AlAs waveguiding/current funneling aperture layer, and a quasi-antiwaveguiding microcavity. The active region consists of three sheets of InAs-GaAs submonolayer insertions separated by AlGaAs matrix layers. Compared to QWs the InAs-GaAs insertions are expected to offer higher exciton-dominated modal gain and improved carrier capture and retention, thus resulting in superior temperature stability and resilience to degradation caused by operating at the larger switching currents commonly employed to increase the data rates of modern optical communication systems. We investigate the robustness and temperature performance of our QD VCSEL design by fabricating prototype devices in a high-frequency ground-sourceground contact pad configuration suitable for on-wafer probing. Arrays of VCSELs are produced with precise variations in top mesa diameter from 24 to 36 μm and oxide aperture diameter from 1 to 12 μm resulting in VCSELs that operate in full single-mode, single-mode to multi-mode, and full multi-mode regimes. The single-mode QD VCSELs have room temperature threshold currents below 0.5 mA and peak output powers near 1 mW, whereas the corresponding values for full multi-mode devices range from about 0.5 to 1.5 mA and 2.5 to 5 mW. At 20°C we observe optical transmission at 20 Gb/s through 150 m of OM3 fiber with a bit error ratio better than 10-12, thus demonstrating the great potential of our QD VCSELs for applications in next-generation short-distance optical data communications and interconnect systems.
Short-Run Restrictions: An Identification Device?

This paper examines the extent to which short–run restrictions can be used as a way to identify the deep parameters of a DSGE model. We propose a simple statistical framework designed to quantitatively assess this issue. We then consider a fully–fledged RBC model with habit formation and investment adjustment costs that we take to the data using Minimum Distance Estimation (MDE). We show that as long as the model possesses weak propagation mechanisms, MDE effectively treats structural parameters as deep parameters. On the contrary as soon as propagation mechanisms are rich enough, the ability of MDE to identify deep parameters is questioned because timing restrictions propagate over time.
Synthesis of a Class of Strip-Line Filters

This paper describes a design theory for a class of strip-line filters on an insertion loss basis. The important part of the paper is the equivalent transformations showing the close correspondence between lumped and coupled-line distributed parameter circuits. An introduction is provided for clarification. Line type, low-pass ladder, high-pass ladder, and band-pass ladder type filters are realized in coupled strip-lines. Their physical configurations are depicted. Finally a development is given of characteristic-immittance formulas.
High peak power pulses from dispersion optimised modelocked semiconductor laser

Presented is an electrically pumped passively modelocked edge-emitting semiconductor laser system in an external cavity setup with intracavity dispersion management. This concept, in combination with a pulse compressor, provides pulses as short as 158 fs. By expanding the setup with a tapered diode laser amplifier, peak powers up to 6.5 kW were achieved in the 850 nm wavelength range.