Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Deep Auctions: Using Economics to Improve NMT Decoding

We apply methods from auction theory to improve decoding for NMT. Current SOTA pipelines rely on greedy algorithms and sampling techniques that are rigid and produce homogeneous results. Although these methods are simple and fast and can sometimes be modified to produce more diverse outputs, they fail to reliably capture the richness of contextual embeddings on nuanced translation tasks. Our method provides an alternative strategy that produces higher-quality translations at the cost of computation speed
SwarmGear: Heterogeneous Swarm of Drones with Morphogenetic Leader Drone and Virtual Impedance Links for Multi-Agent Inspection

The continuous monitoring by drone swarms remains a challenging problem due to the lack of power supply and the inability of drones to land on uneven surfaces. Heterogeneous swarms can support longer inspections, however, their capabilities are limited by the mobility of wheeled and legged robots in a cluttered environment.In this paper, we propose a novel concept SwarmGear for autonomous inspection. It leverages a heterogeneous swarm of drones that investigates the environment in a leader-follower formation. The leader drone is able to land on rough terrain and traverse it by four compliant robotic pedipulators, possessing both the functionalities of an aerial and mobile robot. To preserve the formation of the swarm during its motion, virtual impedance links were developed between the leader and the follower drones.The experiments revealed low crosstrack error (mean value is of 2.2 cm and max one is of 5.3 cm with the Type 2 gait) and the ability of the leader drone to move with a 190 mm step length. Four types of drone formation were considered. The best formation was applied for experiments and showed low overall crosstrack error for the swarm (mean 3.9 cm for the Type 1 gait and 3.3 cm for the Type 2 gait).
Safe Drug Administration in Pediatric Nursing Education: A Quasi- Experimental Design Study

Objective: This study was carried out to determine the correlation between the performance of students who received simulation-based pediatric nursing education and their self-confidence regarding safe drug administrations during simulation. Methods: The study was conducted in pretest and posttest quasi-experimental design and carried out on a sample group (n = 39) based on criteria established at the Nursing Department of a foundation university. Students were subjected to a simulation of “Drug Management in Children” within the scope of the pediatric nursing course. The researchers collected data through a checklist, a self-confidence scale, and tests (pretest and posttest) used in the simulation application on “Drug Management in Children. ” Results: The students obtained a mean score of 129.00 ± 14.36 on the self-confidence scale. The posttest scores of the students were statistically significantly higher than the pretest scores ( P = .011). The performance mean score of the students from the simulation checklist for safe drug administrations was 36.28 ± 6.65. There was no statistically significant correlation between the scores from the self-confidence scale, the pretest, the posttest, and the checklist scores ( P > .05). Conclusion: This study underlines the importance of having a suitable level of self-confidence for students’ educational gains and also indicated that there was no correlation between self-confidence and performance.
Proximity-Based Access Control With BLE Communication Using Path Loss Model and MLP Prediction

Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) is a wireless communication technology that allows for low-power, short-distance data transmission between devices. Our research presents an investigation into the potential applications of Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) communication technology in proximity sensing and access control. The primary focus of this study is to leverage the path loss model and Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) algorithm for dynamically predicting path loss exponent variations caused by changes in environmental factors such as temperature and humidity. The experimental setup uses the Arduino Nano BLE 33 Sense and iPhone 13 Pro devices to establish wireless communication and conduct proximity detection tests. The evaluation of our technique for proximity detection is carried out in varied environments, including an anechoic chamber and a classroom. Our results demonstrate that the proposed approach can effectively identify device proximity and provide access control. The implications of these findings could be instrumental in enhancing the security and efficiency of wireless communication in a range of applications, including home automation, healthcare, and industry 4.0.
On-Site Inspection Form in Veterinary Cases: The Parma Veterinary Form

Simple Summary In veterinary practice, the on-site inspection of the scene of an animal dead body is crucial for a correct interpretation of the autopsy results, in particular to determine the manner, mechanism and cause of death, as an important role in the control of public health including the prevention of zoonoses. It is also fundamental for the recognition and the contrast of crimes against animals and to animal abuse phenomena, considered an alert sign of an anti-social or violent behavior of humans, theory known as “The Link”. A good practice is the presence of a veterinary pathologist on the scene. Although photographs and information made available by the police officers on the place of discovery of the animal cadaver can be useful, the information that can be achieved by a direct examination of the scene is irreplaceable. Today the best veterinary procedure requires an accurate collection of evidence at the scene that can be then handed to experts belonging to other forensic sciences for further evaluation and data interpretation. In this paper authors suggest a form aiming to facilitate either the on-site and the autopsy activities. The suggested form can contribute to guarantee the quality of the forensic process from the discovery site up to the court. Particular attention is paid to the training of non-medical personnel who often represent the first, and sometimes, the only figure to be present on the scene. The form proposed is inspired by the interdisciplinary form developed by the European Council of Legal Medicine. This form represents an initial tool to improve a multidisciplinary activity in close synergy with other forensic experts. Abstract The on-site inspection of the scene of an animal cadaver is crucial for a correct interpretation of the autopsy results, to determine the manner, method, and cause of death. This information plays a crucial role in the control of public health including the prevention of zoonoses. It is also fundamental for the recognition and the contrast of crimes against animals and to animal abuse phenomena, considered an alert sign of an anti-social or violent behavior of humans. Today the best veterinary procedure requires an accurate collection of the evidence at the scene that can be then handed to experts belonging to other forensic disciplines for further evaluation and data interpretation. In this paper authors suggest a form aiming to facilitate either the on-site and the autopsy activities, as a guarantee of the quality of the forensic process starting from the discovery scene up to the reconstruction of the case. Essential is training of non-medical personnel who often represent the first responder to be present on the scene. The form is inspired by the interdisciplinary form developed by the European Council of Legal Medicine and represents an initial tool to stimulate a multidisciplinary activity in close synergy with other forensic experts.
Development and Validation of Motivational Manipulative Learning Materials (MMLMs) for the Least-Learned Competencies of Grade 9 Trigonometry

This study presents the development and validation of Motivational Manipulative Learning Materials (MMLMs) aimed at improving the least-learned competencies in Grade 9 trigonometry. The study focuses on enhancing mathematics performance, addressing teaching challenges, and emphasizing real-life applications of trigonometry. Specifically, the competencies identified as least developed include effectively illustrating the six trigonometric ratios and accurately determining the trigonometric ratios of special angles. The study utilizes the combined Mean Percentage Score (MPS) to identify the least-learned skill and to inform the creation of the MMLMs. The developed MMLMs, named "Wheel of the Trigonometric Values," undergo validation by usability and content experts. The content validity criteria, including alignment and organization, demonstrate high mean scores, indicating the suitability of the MMLMs for Grade 9 Math. Similarly, the usability validation criteria, such as "other factors" and "expenses," receive positive mean scores. The evaluations from the experts suggest that the MMLMs are highly suitable and appropriate for enhancing the teaching and learning experience in Grade 9 Math. The findings of this study contribute to the field of mathematics education by providing educators with effective tools to address the least-learned competencies in trigonometry, promoting student engagement and understanding. Future research can explore the implementation and impact of the MMLMs in classroom settings to further assess their effectiveness in improving trigonometry learning outcomes.
Connecting the Convective Mach Number to Full-scale Supersonic Jet Noise Directivity

This paper describes investigations into convective Mach number and its relationship to maximum radiation angle for an installed afterburner-capable military jet engine. The convective Mach number describes the velocity of coherent structures in the turbulent mixing layer of a jet. For supersonic jets, this parameter should be useful in predicting the maximum noise radiation angle. However, of the several definitions of the convective Mach number, none have been successful in predicting the peak radiation angle of all jets. In this paper, physicsbased and empirically derived convective Mach numbers are calculated from data collected from a T-7A-installed GE F404 engine and are compared against measured maximum noise directivity angles. Of the physics-based definitions, the T-7A data show the convective Mach number associated with Oertel’s first family of instability waves predicts the maximum radiation angle within 6° over a range of engine conditions. Additionally, the so-called “Oertel convective Mach number,” which has successfully predicted peak directivity angles in rocket noise studies, is a relatively poor predictor of the T-7A maximum directivity angle. An empirical formulation of the convective Mach number suggests that, for the T-7A, the “convective velocity” of coherent structures in the shear layer is about 60% of the fullyexpanded centerline velocity for supersonic engine conditions. Evaluating this empirical definition of the convective Mach number using data from other jet noise studies shows that the acoustic Mach number appears to be the best predictor of the convective velocity. Finally, a frequency-dependent study of the convective Mach number at afterburner shows the peak directivity angle is roughly constant at low and high frequencies, while the frequencies associated with the transition from the potential core to the supersonic core show the greatest change in directivity.
An Efficient FPGA-Based Gaussian Random Number Generator Using an Accurate Segmented Box–Muller Method

In this paper, we introduce an accurate, efficient, and optimized design and implementation of a Gaussian pseudo random number generator (PRNG) on a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) platform. A second-order segmented Box-Muller (S<sup>2</sup> BM) transformation is proposed as an alternative approach to our previously presented segmented Box–Muller (S-BM) transformation. S<sup>2</sup>BM transformation targets two goals simultaneously: enhancing accuracy and improving efficiency by introducing two new upgrades to the S-BM transformation. The first upgrade was performed by splitting each segment into two parts, the body and tail, using two different Box–Muller (BM) transformation steps. The second upgrade was made by producing two uncorrelated samples per clock cycle with small additional FPGA logic. The achieved FPGA implementation scores prove that the designed 19-bit S<sup>2</sup>BM Gaussian PRNG generator offers an improvement of 21% and 29% in efficiency over the S-BM within the ranges of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\pm 7.81\sigma $ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\pm 9.561\sigma $ </tex-math></inline-formula> respectively, when implemented on the cost-optimized Xilinx Spartan-6 devices (XC6SLX75T). An improvement of 86% and 149% in efficiency are obtained respectively, over the Central Limit Theorem (CTL) Hadamard transformation and the Multihat transformation. Furthermore, the obtained results and performance confirmed the superiority of the S<sup>2</sup>BM transformation in terms of accuracy and efficiency compared with the existing GRN generator architectures.
An Enhanced Modulation Scheme for Multi-Level T-Type Inverter With Loss Balance and Reduction

The multilevel T-type inverter exhibits an inherent challenge of unbalanced power loss distribution among switches. This discrepancy in loss distribution is greatly influenced by the modulation index and the power factor, leading to increased system costs due to the overdesign of power devices and cooling systems based on worst-case scenarios. Furthermore, this loss imbalance will cause uneven device lifetimes, ultimately compromising the overall reliability of the converter system. To address the issue of loss imbalance, this article proposes a comprehensive and generic modulation scheme for the multilevel T-type inverter. The proposed scheme enables the balancing of switching and conduction losses for all switches in the inverter, regardless of the power factor and modulation index, as long as the modulation index is below a specific threshold. Importantly, the proposed scheme ensures that the losses of each individual device and the total converter loss are independent of the power factor and modulation index, which only requires knowledge of the on-resistance of the power mosfet. Additionally, the proposed modulation scheme effectively reduces the total loss of the inverter and naturally balances the neutral point potential. The proposed modulation scheme is validated in a 200 kW SiC-based three-level T-type inverter.
Design of a Compact and Efficient Monopole Antenna for ISM Band Applications

In this paper, a low cost, highly efficient and compact monopole antenna for Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) applications is presented. A new spiral coil rectangular shape structure possessing meander lines is designed to achieve a resonance at 0.915 GHz response with an Omni-directional radiation pattern. The proposed architecture makes the miniaturization by turning the conducting transmission lines as coil to both left and right part of the feedline to follow symmetry in current distribution. The ground plane has been adjusted in such a way to get proper impedance because if the area of ground plane increases input impedance shift to inductive region and resonant frequency decreases respectively. Ansys HFSS 3D High Frequency Simulation Software has been used to carry out the analysis of the presented antenna. The overall volume of the proposed antenna is 4.5 X 4.5 cm2 whereas the FR4 material is used as a substrate with a relative permittivity and loss tangent of 4.4 and 0.025, correspondingly. The peak gain of 0.88 dBi is achieved with a radiation efficiency of 80 to 98% for the desired band.
Toxicity Detection Using State of the Art Natural Language Methodologies

In this paper, the studies carried out to detect objectionable expressions in any text will be explained. Experiments were performed with Sentence transformers, supervised machine learning algorithms, and Bert transformer architecture trained in English, and the results were observed. To prepare the dataset used in the experiments, the natural language processing and machine learning methodologies of the toxic and non-toxic contents in the labeled text data obtained from the Kaggle platform are explained, and then the methods and performances of the models trained using this dataset are summarized in this paper.
BALANCE DE INCERTIDUMBRES EN LA CALIBRACIÓN "IN SITU" DE UN HIDRÓFONO

RESUMEN: El objetivo de este artículo es poner en relieve la posibilidad de la calibración de los hidrófonos en su medio. Con esta finalidad se detallaran los parámetros a tener en cuenta, se propondrán sistemáticas de obtención de los parámetros y se estimarán las contribuciones a la incertidumbre de cada una de ellas mediante la asignación de la distribución de probabilidad adecuada en cada caso.
Electromagnetic Modal Analysis for Antenna Arrays: From Lumped Port to Wave Port

The energy transport theorem (ETT) used to quantitatively govern the energy-transmitting process of the wave-port-fed transmitting antenna arrays is derived. The energy source term contained in the ETT is formulated in terms of the input power operator (IPO). Based on the ETT and IPO, the recently established ETT-based decoupling mode theory (DMT) for the wave-port-fed single antennas is generalized to the wave-port-fed antenna arrays. The generalized ETT-based DMT (ETT-DMT) can calculate the inherent energy-decoupled modes (DMs) of the objective antenna array by using the diagonalizing IPO method. The obtained DMs do not have net energy exchange in any integral time period, and the DM-based modal expansion satisfies the Parseval's theorem. The generalized ETT-DMT is applicable to the slot antenna arrays, the dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) arrays, and the microstrip patch antenna arrays.
Growth equations and curves for citrus trees

Percival Allen, J. H. Gaddum, and S. C Pearce writing in Nature in 1945, all have emphasized the advantages of using the simple and powerful methods afforded by logarithmic transformations in analyzing nonnormal distributions, although it had been amply demonstrated in the relative growth of animal parts by (Huxley (1932)). We have undertaken to illustrate graphically the use of logarithm and power transformations for growth models of trees in orchards and tree organs. Various parameters based on literature, either age or size dependent, are described by power functions, log-log linear curves of the type y = bxk, or semi-log linear curves, exponential functions where y = aebx. Tree height or trunk diameter versus tree age, tree-leaf surface area or number on the tree versus tree age, leaf area versus length, or leaf area versus width are linear log-log functions. It is shown that the first pair of parameters are not normally distributed; latter pairs were demonstrated to be normal. Fruit yield was a nonlinear logarithmic function of tree age and their annual size-frequency distributions were not normal, except for infinitely large populations. Individual fruit size is a linear function of log fruit age, but only the log-log relations are linear for fruit dimensions (diameter, volume, and mass) versus packing number. Log branch fresh weight, leaf and fruit fresh weight are linear functions of log tree age, as are logs of branch dry weight, of branch diameter, of number of branches and surface areas and of volumes. High positive correlations between woody organ ages and dry organ densities invalidate the Rashevsky theoretical growth equation. Insertion of new density terms satisfy validity requirements. Frequency distribution of branch-diameter per tree is a linear log-log function. It is postulated that the linearity of the log-log and semi-log dimensional relationships in plant growth result from similar physical and chemical relationships underlying growth as outlined by kinetic theory.
Ergodic Capacity of Mixture Gamma and Double Generalized Gamma Distribution in Dual Hop RF/FSO Transmission System

Considering a Dual Hop RF/FSO communication system, one hop is used as RF Signal and another as an FSO channel. Our work uses Mixture Gamma Distribution to model the RF channel and a Double Generalized Gamma distribution to model the FSO channel. Also, as a special case, of Mixture Gamma, Rayleigh and Nakagami-m distribution is modelled at RF channel. Thereby, we perform mathematical and graphical analysis for different turbulence conditions. The system's performance is analyzed in terms of Ergodic Capacity with different threshold SNR. The simulation results show that Ergodic Capacity increases with an increase in average electrical SNR under other turbulence conditions.
Lean Production for Reducing Wastes in Convex Lens Production Process

This research aimed to investigate the waste generated during the production of traditional convex lens. The study proposed a method to eliminate such waste by utilizing value stream mapping (VSM) as a tool for data collection and waste identification throughout the entire production process. Through the analysis of data using VSM, three specific types of waste were identified. These included losses resulting from ineffective utilization of the oven machine during the polymerization process, inefficiencies in personnel performance, and inappropriate working procedures. To address these waste issues, the task employed the work study method to optimize machine utilization, develop efficient work processes for personnel, and improve inappropriate procedures to enhance overall efficiency. The ECRS method was utilized to improve the process of waste elimination. The research findings demonstrated substantial reductions in waste within the production process. Specifically, the total throughput time decreased from 661.07 minutes to 480.68 minutes, representing a reduction of 27.29%. Furthermore, the total production lead time decreased from 1.20 days to 0.94 days, indicating a reduction of 21.67%. In terms of personnel, the workforce decreased from 42 employees per shift to 29 employees, reflecting a decrease of 30.95%. Finally, the number of oven machinery units required for all three shifts decreased from 3 ovens to 2 ovens, resulting in a reduction of 33.33%.
Multitask Finetuning on BERT using Gradient Surgery and Linear Probing before Finetuning

We study multitask finetuning of BERT to obtain good performance on sentiment analysis (SA), paraphrase detection (PD), and semantic textual similarity (STS). We also study the effect of gradient surgery (PCGrad) and linear probing followed by finetuning (LP-FT) on the dev set performance. We find that PCGrad improves performance on the STS task without significantly worsening performance on the other tasks, and conjecture that it makes better use of the shared structure between PD and STS. We also find that LP-FT worsens performance on the STS task, which we hypothesize is due to the linear probing phase becoming stuck in a region with low gradient norm
Simple Open-Source UHF RFID Tag Platform

In this work, we present a simple open-source software-defined based UHF (RAIN) RFID tag that can be used for academic research. This work is a follow-up to the open-source reader work presented in [1]. The hardware associated with this tag is only composed of an envelope detector and an RF switch and uses a modular design. All operations related to the RFID protocol, which includes clock recovery, data recovery and frame synchronization are entirely realized in software and can be processed by an Arduino Uno platform. The purpose of this work is to encourage researchers and students to experiment with RAIN RFID technology, to understand its protocols and standards, and to improve the proposed tag design. All relevant files (including schematic and source code) will be released as open source to the community.