Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
OPTIMUM DESIGN OF STEEL SWAY FRAMES USING BIG BANGBIG CRUNCH ALGORITHM

In this paper, optimum design of steel frames is performed using the Big Bang-Big Crunch (BB-BC) algorithm. The objective of this optimization is to minimize the total weight of the structures subjected to serviceability and strength constraints in accordance with British Standard (BS5950) and AISC-Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD). Designs are evaluated for fitness based on their penalized structural weight, which represents the actual frame weight and the degree to which the design constraints are violated. The considered design examples demonstrate the efficiency of the algorithm, and also the design results based on BS5950 and AISC-LRFD specifications are compared. In general, it is shown that the optimum frames designed based on the AISC-LRFD specification are more economical than those designed in accordance with BS5950.
Size Of Industrial Organization: Impact On Workers" Behaviour

The study investigated the influence of size of organization on workers behaviour (labour turnover, absenteeism, and job satisfaction and strike prone activity behaviour) in industrial organizations in South-Western Nigeria. This was for the purpose of determining the appropriate management strategies that could foster commitment, cooperation and compliance among industrial workers in Nigeria. The study adopted ex-post facto research design. A total of 320 respondents were drawn from the selected work organizations to represent both large-scale and small-scale organizations, using proportionate stratified sampling technique. The researcher utilizes a set of questionnaire for data collection. The five hypotheses generated for the study were tested at 0.05 alpha level using Pearson product moment correlation and t test statistical methods. The findings of the study revealed that there was a significant relationship between size of organization and workers behaviour. It was therefore being recommended that organizational support system should be encouraged in order to foster commitment, reduction in labour turnover, dissatisfaction, absenteeism and strike prone activity among industrial workers. Also, labour and management education that could incorporate psychological issues such as burnout, stress, interpersonal relations and conflict management should be organized for workers on continuous basis in order to foster attraction to organization among the work force.
Modeling of chaotic DC-DC converters by iterated nonlinear mappings

In parameter ranges where conventional methods break down, DC-DC converters may be described by iterated mappings, a nonlinear discrete modeling technique. The underlying principles are explained and are applied to the example of a PWM-controlled buck converter. Stable behavior and bifurcations to chaos are predicted by numerical evaluation of the governing mapping and are confirmed by experiment. >
Pion of pionier, Rotterdam - Gemeentelijke bedrijvigheid in de negentiende eeuw

Pawn or pioneer, Rotterdam - municipal activity in the 19th century. The liberal watchword 'laissez-faire' gives succinct sum and substance to the preference that nineteenth century liberal administrators had for state restraint. Society was well served, they believed, when government took a modest role and only in specific cases intervened in the public domain. The defence of the country against hostile forces and against the sea were considered to be government’s responsibility. The maintenance of public order and the building of public roads by the government also enjoyed liberal approval. But there it really ended. Anything else was better left to the untrammelled dynamics of social forces. The machinery of government however grew vigorously under liberal hegemony in the nineteenth century. The historian Jan van den Noort has carried out an inquiry into the causes and reasons for that growth. He focuses his attention on the growth of municipal activity and tries to explain this. In doing so he concentrates on the foundation of municipal utilities in Rotterdam. In only a few decades the municipal utilities for water, gas and electricity, municipal sanitation and harbour operations emerged there.De liberale leuze 'laissez-faire' is een bondige samenvatting van de voorkeur die negentiende-eeuwse liberale bestuurders hadden voor staatsonthouding. De samenleving was ermee gediend, meenden zij, als de overheid zich zo bescheiden mogelijk opstelde en slechts in enkele gevallen ingreep in het maatschappelijk proces. De verdediging van het land tegen vijandelijke legers en de strijd tegen de zee werden tot de overheidstaak gerekend. De handhaving van de openbare orde en de aanleg van openbare wegen door de overheid hadden eveneens liberale instemming. Maar daarmee was het wel zo'n beetje gezegd. De rest kon nog het beste worden overgelaten aan het vrije spel van maatschappelijke krachten. Onder liberale hegemonie groeide het overheidsapparaat in de negentiende eeuw evenwel sterk. De historicus Jan van den Noort deed onderzoek naar de oorzaken en motieven voor die groei. Hij richtte zijn aandacht op de groei van gemeentelijke activiteit en probeerde deze te verklaren. Daarbij concentreerde hij zich op de stichting van gemeentebedrijven te Rotterdam. In enkele decennia slechts ontstonden daar de gemeentebedrijven voor water, gas en elektriciteit, gemeentereiniging en havenexploitatie.
Influence of Maternal Exposure to Mass Media on Growth Stunting Among Children Under Five: Mediation Analysis Through the Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Program

Background The issue of malnutrition in the Democratic Republic of Congo is severe. Meanwhile, the Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene program has been demonstrated to be effective in reducing the rates of growth stunting among children. Objective We aimed to explore the association between maternal exposure to mass media and stunting in children through water, sanitation, and hygiene behaviors. Methods Mediation analysis was conducted using data from the 2018 Multiple Indicators Cluster Surveys. Results Mothers’ exposures to television and the internet in the Democratic Republic of Congo significantly decreases the risk of stunting in children by 5% and 10%, respectively, mediated by household water, sanitation, and hygiene facilities and practices. Conclusions These findings could inform interventions and policies to reduce the rate of stunting rate children by promoting water, sanitation, and hygiene through mass media, especially through the internet and television.
Wire bonding-towards 6- sigma yield and fine pitch

The author describes the problems as well as the solutions required to wire bond high lead-count chips to their packages at the required high yields. the elements for achieving 6 sigma wire bond yields can be summarized as follows: (1) the choice of metallization on the chip as well as on the package is critical; (2) an appropriate cleaning procedure (which in some circumstances may be at the wafer level) and/or special storage and shipping containers are necessary: (3) factorial bonder setup and proper bond test methods are required; (4) uniform, reproducible wire and bonding machine characteristics are essential; and (5) both the chip bond pads and the package pads must be designed with full awareness of the limitations and tolerances of the chosen bonder and its bonding method. Wafer-testing probe cards currently limit the minimum wire bond pad pitch on high-end devices to about 100 mu m. However, 75- mu m pitch wedge bonding can be performed with current (modified) autobonders, and 40- mu m pitch bonding has been reported. Almost every aspect of fine-pitch bonding requires more planning and coordination and is more expensive to achieve than bonding at normal pitch. >
Improving the effectiveness of purchasing in a small company: A case study

This paper deals with improving the effectiveness of purchasing in a small company. The purchasing has a tremendous influence on the performance of manufacturing, as most of the companies purchase about 60% of the components and raw materials from suppliers. Also, the contribution of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) to national economy is significant. Realizing the role of purchasing in SMEs, an attempt has been made to present the experiences of improving the effectiveness of purchasing in a small company located in Germany. The proposed purchasing system in the company has been suitably embedded with the current MRP system. In addition, recommendations for improving the effectiveness of purchasing in SMEs are presented.
Analysis of changes of cavity volumes in predefined directions of protein motions and cavity flexibility

Dynamics of protein cavities associated with protein fluctuations and conformational plasticity is essential for their biological function. NMR ensembles, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and normal mode analysis (NMA) provide appropriate frameworks to explore functionally relevant protein dynamics and cavity changes relationships. Within this context, we have recently developed analysis of null areas (ANA), an efficient method to calculate cavity volumes. ANA is based on a combination of algorithms that guarantees its robustness against numerical differentiations. This is a unique feature with respect to other methods. Herein, we present an updated and improved version that expands it use to quantify changes in cavity features, like volume and flexibility, due to protein structural distortions performed on predefined biologically relevant directions, for example, directions of largest contribution to protein fluctuations (principal component analysis [PCA modes]) obtained by MD simulations or ensembles of NMR structures, collective NMA modes or any other direction of motion associated with specific conformational changes. A web page has been developed where its facilities are explained in detail. First, we show that ANA can be useful to explore gradual changes of cavity volume and flexibility associated with protein ligand binding. Secondly, we perform a comparison study of the extent of variability between protein backbone structural distortions, and changes in cavity volumes and flexibilities evaluated for an ensemble of NMR active and inactive conformers of the epidermal growth factor receptor structures. Finally, we compare changes in size and flexibility between sets of NMR structures for different homologous chains of dynein.
Lean production: A study of application in a traditional manufacturing environment

This paper reports the findings of a research study into the application of lean production methods to a traditional aerospace manufacturing organization. The approach taken to lean production is described, along with what worked and what did not. Two main stumbling blocks to the application were identified the redundancy programme and a lack of employee education in the concept and principles of lean production. A number of the methods of lean production were found not to be as effective as in the motor manufacturing environment, the reasons for this included the dominant position of the company and the customer demand characteristics. In addition, both management and the industrial workers found the transition from traditional manufacture to lean production was not easy to make.
Perineural Invasion in Vulvar Squamous-Cell Carcinoma Is an Independent Risk Factor for Cancer-Specific Survival, but Not for Locoregional Recurrence: Results from a Single Tertiary Referral Center

Simple Summary Vulvar squamous cell carcinoma is a rare tumor but represents a serious health issue, especially due to the increasing incidence over the past decades. Many efforts have been made to identify new prognostic and therapeutic factors and, in this context, growing evidence concerning a pivotal role of perineural invasion. With this study, we investigated the role of perineural invasion in a large cohort of FIGO stage Ib-IIIc vulvar squamous cell carcinomas and found that perineural invasion-positive tumors have more aggressive biological behaviors and showed reduced cancer-specific survival as compared to perineural invasion-negative tumors, while this feature does not appear to be related to a greater risk to develop loco-regional recurrence. Further evaluations are warranted to confirm the prognostic role of perineural invasion and its potential use to tailor adjuvant treatment. Abstract The aims of this study were to assess the prevalence of perineural invasion (PNI) in vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC) and its prognostic role in locoregional recurrence (LRR) and cancer-specific survival (CSS). We performed a retrospective analysis of 223 consecutive stage IB–IIIC surgically treated VSCCs at S. Anna Hospital, University of Turin, from 2000 to 2019. We identified 133/223 (59.6%) patients with PNI-positive VSCCs. PNI was associated with aggressive biological features (i.e., advanced FIGO stage, larger tumor diameter, greater depth of invasion, a higher number of metastatic lymph nodes, and lymphovascular invasion) and shorter 5-year CSS (78% vs. 90%, log-rank p = 0.02) compared with PNI-negative VSCCs. Multivariate analysis showed that PNI (HR 2.99 CI 95% 1.17–7.63; p = 0.02) and the presence of tumor cells on pathological surgical margins (HR 3.13 CI 95% 1.37–7.13; p = 0.007) are independent prognostic factors for CSS. PNI does not appear to be related to LRR, but is an independent prognostic factor for worse survival outcomes. Future studies are necessary to explore the possible value of PNI in tailoring the choice of adjuvant treatment.
Analytical approach and numerical /spl alpha/-lines method for pull-in hyper-surface extraction of electrostatic actuators with multiple uncoupled voltage sources

This work presents a systematic analysis of electrostatic actuators driven by multiple uncoupled voltage sources. The use of multiple uncoupled voltage sources has the potential of enriching the electromechanical response of electrostatically actuated deformable elements. This in turn may enable novel MEMS devices with improved and even new capabilities. It is therefore important to develop methods for analyzing this class of actuators. Pull-in is an inherent instability phenomenon that emanates from the nonlinear nature of the electromechanical coupling in electrostatic actuators. The character of pull-in in actuators with multiple uncoupled voltage sources is studied, and new insights regarding pull-in are presented. An analytical method for extracting the pull-in hyper-surface by directly solving the voltage-free K-N pull-in equations derived here, is proposed. Solving simple but interesting example problems illustrate these new insights. In addition, a novel /spl alpha/-lines numerical method for extracting the pull-in hyper-surface of general electrostatic actuators is presented and illustrated. This /spl alpha/-lines method is motivated by new features of pull-in, that are exhibited only in electrostatic actuators with multiple uncoupled voltage sources. This numerical method permits the analysis of electrostatic actuators that could not have been analyzed by using current methods.
Development of 6-DOF haptic interface for tele-micromanipulation systems

Discusses a control scheme for a 6-DOF haptic interface for tele-micromanipulation systems. We have developed micro-teleoperation systems for micro tasks, such as assembly or manufacturing. We introduce a haptic interface that gives operators a sense of presence, as if he/she is touching an expanded version of the micro-object with his/her fingers. First, the system structure of the master manipulator and its system configuration are shown. To improve the free-motion performance and response-force isotropy of the master haptic device, a model-reference adaptive controller (MRAC) is introduced. Some experiments are conducted and their results are evaluated. Furthermore, we connected the master systems and a slave system through a network and evaluated the teleoperation property. Finally, we conclude with a discussion about our experimental results and a statement about our future work.
A Novel Credit Rating Model: Empirical Analysis from Chinese Small Enterprises

ABSTRACT This article establishes a novel credit rating model for small enterprises, thereby solving the problem that commercial banks cannot accurately obtain financial information about small enterprises or reasonably evaluate the credit risk of small enterprise loans. Through the identification of default status and removal of redundant information for indicator screening, this article adopts a weighting method that can be used to classify small enterprises. The empirical results show that the discriminant precision of default status by the credit rating system of China’s small enterprises, constructed by this article, is up to 91.9%. The weighting results show that in the credit rating of small enterprises, financial indicators cannot reflect all the liabilities, and the role of qualitative indicators in credit ratings is more important. This article empowers 30 indicators based on the principle of distinguishing different types of customers, classifies customers into nine different levels, and avoids the unreasonable phenomenon that default customers have higher credit scores than non-default customers. The results can help commercial banks to distinguish customers of different significance levels.
Recent advances in active fault tolerant flight control systems

The Flight Control System (FCS) is considered as the brain of an aerial vehicle. It is a mechanism through which pilot’s commands are transferred to the actuators of the aircraft control surfaces. In order to ensure safety and increase reliability of aerial vehicles, development of fault tolerant FCSs has been the focus of research community for past few decades. Fault tolerant ability enables an aircraft to maintain satisfactory performance even in the state of a fault. Fault Tolerant Control Systems (FTCS) are categorized as passive and active control systems. Passive FTCS are designed to mitigate the effects of certain known faults. These faults can be related to sensor failure, actuator failure, or system component failure. On the other hand, active FTCS contain a controller reconfiguration mechanism, whereby, they can adjust the controller input online to mitigate the effects of the faults. In this way, they can accommodate complicated and versatile faults as compared to their passive counterparts. This paper presents a review of significant research during last decade in active fault tolerant control with applications to FCSs. A review of state-of-the-art works in this domain has also been presented. Upon review, these state-of-the-art research interests have been categorized into respective categories. Furthermore, research works have been cataloged based on their technology readiness levels. Based on these reviews, future research directions have also been highlighted.
A method for detecting and classifying the tumor regions in brain MRI images using vector index filtering and ANFIS classification process

In this paper, the tumor affected images are detected and classified from non‐tumor affected brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) classification process. The proposed work for brain tumor detection consists of a noise reduction module, decomposition module, feature extraction module, classification module, and segmentation module. The noisy brain images are filtered by the proposed Vector Index Filtering algorithm and the filtered images are further decomposed using Fast Wavelet Transform. Later, the index features are computed from each decomposed sub‐band image and these computed index features are classified either as normal or abnormal brain images using the ANFIS classification process. Further, the tumor regions are segmented in classified abnormal brain images using morphological functions. This paper uses the Brain Tumor Image Segmentation Challenge—BRATS 2016 dataset for analyzing the performance of the proposed brain tumor detection and segmentation system in terms of sensitivity (97.9%), specificity (98.6%), accuracy (99.1%), error rate (0.09%), F1‐score (96.8%), and Geometrics mean (98.5%). Comparisons are made between the proposed method's experimental results and other state of the art methods. The proposed methods using machine learning approach, stated in this paper are well suited for detecting tumor regions in brain images.
Identifying Cancer Subtypes Using a Residual Graph Convolution Model on a Sample Similarity Network

Cancer subtype classification helps us to understand the pathogenesis of cancer and develop new cancer drugs, treatment from which patients would benefit most. Most previous studies detect cancer subtypes by extracting features from individual samples, ignoring their associations with others. We believe that the interactions of cancer samples can help identify cancer subtypes. This work proposes a cancer subtype classification method based on a residual graph convolutional network and a sample similarity network. First, we constructed a sample similarity network regarding cancer gene co-expression patterns. Then, the gene expression profiles of cancer samples as initial features and the sample similarity network were passed into a two-layer graph convolutional network (GCN) model. We introduced the initial features to the GCN model to avoid over-smoothing during the training process. Finally, the classification of cancer subtypes was obtained through a softmax activation function. Our model was applied to breast invasive carcinoma (BRCA), glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and lung cancer (LUNG) datasets. The accuracy values of our model reached 82.58%, 85.13% and 79.18% for BRCA, GBM and LUNG, respectively, which outperformed the existing methods. The survival analysis of our results proves the significant clinical features of the cancer subtypes identified by our model. Moreover, we can leverage our model to detect the essential genes enriched in gene ontology (GO) terms and the biological pathways related to a cancer subtype.
Analytical Subdomain Model for Double-Stator Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine

This paper proposes an analytical subdomain model for predicting magnetic field distributions in a three-phase double-stator permanent magnet synchronous machine (DS-PMSM) during open-circuit and on-load conditions. The geometric structure of DS-PMSM is quite challenging since the stator cores are located in the outer and inner parts of the motor, while the rotor magnets are placed between these two stators. Parameters that influence the motor performance in DS-PMSM include stator outer radius, stator inner radius, magnet thickness, magnet arc, slot opening, outer and inner airgap thickness and the number of winding turns. The analytical subdomain model proposed in this paper, which can accurately predict the performances of DS-PMSM with less computational time, has an excellent advantage as a rapid design tool. The model is initially generated using the separation of variables technique in four subdomains, namely, outer airgap, outer magnet, inner magnet, and inner airgap, based on Laplace’s and Poisson’s equations in polar coordinates. The field solutions in each subdomain are derived by applying the appropriate boundary and interface conditions. Furthermore, finite element analysis (FEA) is used to validate the analytical results in fractional DS-PMSM with a different number of slots between outer and inner stators and a non-overlapping winding configuration. The electromagnetic performances that have been evaluated are the slotted airgap flux density, back-emf and output torque. The results demonstrate that the proposed analytical model is able to predict the magnetic field distributions accurately in DS-PMSM.