Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous Determination of Metformin and Teneligliptin by Liquid Chromatography in tablets

Introduction: Metformin and Teneligliptin are used for the treatment of diabetes. A new liquid chromatographic method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of Metformin and Teneligliptin and the method was validated. Materials and Methods: Shimadzu Model CBM-20A/20 Alite, Ultrafast liquid chromatographic system with C8 Phenomenex column (250 mm × 4.6 mm i.d., 5 μm particle size) and PDA detector was used for the simultaneous determination of Metformin and Teneligliptin. A mixture of methanol and formic acid was used as mobile phase with a flow rate of 0.5 ml/min (UV detection at 210 nm). Results and Discussion: Metformin and Teneligliptin have shown linear regression equations, y = 159069.66x - 139280.39 (R² = 0.9998) and y = 4863932.73x - 12592.06 (R² = 0.9999). The LOD and LOQ are found to be 0.7631 μg/mL and 2.3147 μg/mL for Metformin and 0.0029 μg/mL and 0.0084 μg/mL for Teneligliptin respectively. Conclusions: The present liquid chromatographic method is precise, accurate and can be used for the simultaneous estimation of Meformin and Teneligliptin tablets
Therapeutic potential of bright light therapy for the non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease

Department of Neurology, Suzhou Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China; Department of Neurology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215008, China; Department of Neurology, Suqian First Hospital, Suqian, Jiangsu 223899, China.
TÜRK MÜZİĞİNDE TERMİNOLOJİ SORUNUNUN EKOL, ÜSLÛP, TAVIR, YORUM TERİMLERİ ÖZELİNDE İNCELENMESİ

This study aims to reveal the definition of terms ‘ecole, style, individual characteristics and interpretation’, which are used in Turkish Music, according to the opinions of academicians specialized in the field of Turkish Music. The maximum variation sampling method was employed in the study, which was conducted through a qualitative descriptive research design. A semistructured interview method was used for the collection of data in this study. The data acquired by this research was subject to content analysis via ATLAS.ti 8 software. The results of the study revealed that the terms ‘style’ and ‘individual characteristics’ were defined and understood differently both in the literature and by the participants forming the study group of research; on the other hand, usually similar definitions were made for the terms ‘ecole’ and ‘interpretation’. For the avoidance of the contradiction in terms which is leading to problems in the terminology of Turkish Music, it is recommended that clear definitions be made for the mentioned terms through workshops by specialists of the field, such as music teachers, social psychologists, social-cultural anthropologists, ethnologists, music sociologists, music philosophers, and linguists.
A Novel Kartogenin-Releasing Polymer Scaffold Promotes Wounded Rat Achilles Tendon Enthesis Healing

Category: Hindfoot Introduction/Purpose: Entheses have a special fibrocartilage transition zone where tendons and ligaments attach to bone. Enthesis injury is very common, and the reattachment of tendon to bone is a great challenge because healing takes place between a soft tissue (tendon) and a hard tissue (bone). We have now developed a kartogene (KGN)-containing polymer scaffold (KGN-P) that can precisely deliver KGN to damaged enthesis area. The effects of the KGN-containing polymer on the healing of wounded TBJ were investigated in vitro and in vivo. Methods: The proliferation and chondrogenesis of rat Achilles tendon stem cells (TSCs) grown in four conditions were measured: normal medium (Control); normal medium with 100 nM KGN (KGN); lysine diisocyanate (LDI)-glycerol scaffold with normal medium (LDI-P); LDI-glycerol-KGN scaffold with normal medium (KGN-P). A wound (1 mm) was created on each hind leg Achilles enthesis of all 8 rats (3 months old). The wounds were then treated either with 10 ul saline (Wound); or 10 ul of 10 uM KGN (KGN); or LDI polymer scaffold (LDI-P); or KGN-containing polymer scaffold (KGN-P). The rats were sacrificed on day 15 and 30 post-surgery, and their Achilles entheses were collected for gross inspection and histochemical analysis. Results: KGN-containing polymers have sponge-like structures (Fig. 1A-D), and release KGN in a time- and temperature-dependent manner (Fig. 1E). KGN-P scaffold induced chondrogenesis of TSCs (Fig. 2D, 2H) without changing cell proliferation (Fig. 2I), and enhanced fibrocartilage-like tissue formation (Fig. 3E). KGN (Fig. 3C) and LDI-P (Fig. 3D) treated groups exhibited unhealed wound areas as in saline group (Fig. 3B). Finally, KGN-P and KGN treated rat TSCs underwent chondrogenesis by upregulating collagen II, aggrecan, and SOX-9 expression (Fig. 3F). Conclusion: Our results showed that KGN-containing polymer scaffold enhanced wounded enthesis healing by inducing TSC chondrogenesis and promoting the formation of the fibrocartilage in the wound site. The KGN-P may be used for regeneration of wounded entheses in clinical settings. Future research will focus on optimizing KGN concentration and releasing rate in the polymer scaffold during enthesis healing.
Convective Mass‐Flux From Long Term Radar Reflectivities Over Darwin, Australia

Most cumulus parametrizations today make use of a simple conceptual model of convection, called the mass‐flux approach. This approach depicts convection as an ensemble of updrafts and downdrafts occurring within a model grid‐box. The aim of this study is to determine convective mass‐fluxes and their constituents on the scale of a 100 km GCM grid‐box from a C‐band polarimetric radar and thereafter investigate the relative role of area fraction and vertical velocity in determining the shape and magnitude of bulk mass‐flux profiles. We make use of observational estimates of these quantities spanning 13 wet seasons in the tropical region of Darwin. Following a bulk approach, the results show that the distribution of mass‐flux is positively skewed and its mean profile peaks at 4 km. This is the result of constant area fractions and increasing vertical velocities below that level. Above 4 km, in‐cloud vertical velocity plays a marginal role compared to the convective area fraction in controlling mass‐flux profiles.
Unmet needs and barriers to services among people who inject drugs with HIV in the United States

Abstract Data on use of and barriers to HIV ancillary care services among people who inject drugs (PWID) with HIV can inform interventions intended to improve access to care, but national estimates are lacking. We analyzed data on PWID with HIV from the CDC Medical Monitoring Project. Overall, 79% had an unmet need for ≥1 service. Services with the highest unmet need included: dental care (38%), drug/alcohol treatment (20%), transportation assistance (20%), and HIV peer group support (20%). Unmet needs for mental health services (13% vs. 23%) and HIV peer group support (15% vs. 29%) were lower among persons attending Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program (RWHAP)-funded facilities for HIV care. Barriers to care services varied by service type. Modeling components of the RWHAP structure in non-RWHAP funded facilities, including integration of support services and use of patient navigation services in the HIV medical care setting, may improve outcomes among PWID with HIV.
Sexual Identity and Self-Rated Health in Midlife: Evidence from the Health and Retirement Study

Purpose: This study examined health disparities among U.S. sexual minority people in midlife—a critical life course stage that is largely overlooked in the sexual minority health literature. Methods: Data were drawn from the 2016 Health and Retirement Study. We restricted the analysis to respondents aged 50–65. The final sample consisted of 3623 respondents, including 3418 self-identified heterosexual individuals, 99 self-identified gay/lesbian individuals, 38 self-identified bisexual individuals, and 68 respondents who identified as “something else. ” Ordinal logistic regression models were estimated to predict the odds of reporting better health. Results: Bisexual midlifers reported significantly worse health than their heterosexual counterparts after age, gender, and race-ethnicity are controlled for (OR=0.43, 95% CI=0.25–0.76); this health disparity is mostly explained by marital status, socioeconomic status, and health behaviors (in particular smoking and exercising). We did not find evidence of a self-rated health disadvantage among gay and lesbian midlifers relative to their heterosexual counterparts. Conclusion: These findings highlight the diversity of the sexual minority population in midlife. Public policies and programs should be designed and implemented at the interpersonal and institutional levels to eliminate health and other social disadvantages among sexual minority people, in particular bisexual people, in midlife.
Brief Review of Causes and Effects of Substance Abuse on Young Adults: Focus on Bonny Island Residents

Substance abuse is fast becoming a global social concern especially among young adults. Young people often experiment with a variety of activities and substances. Unfortunately, this experimentation can lead to substance abuse and addiction. Statistics show that drug abuse is a growing problem among young adults. This review highlights the causes of substance abuse among young adults in the society, the effects of this harmful substances and possible preventions of this social menace on young people. In Bonny Island, it has become most worrisome the rate at which young people are embracing drugs freely and unchecked. Worst still, young people are generating their mixtures using modern substances with unusual elements to create their own formula for severe drug intake. This means that drug intake has graduated from the use of sedatives like cocaine, heroin and cannabis that we used to know to potent mixture of several drugs to attain fatal overdose. For example, a cocktail of drugs like codeine, tramadol, cannabis with juice or soft drink is called “gutter water”. More crude is the smoking of lizard dung, sniffing of petrol, glue, urine and sewage as inhalant. This is gradually eating deep into our society like cancer. Actually, substance abuse is now part of a modern society but very worrisome is the alarming rate at which young adults are embracing hard substances.
Metasurface design for the generation of an arbitrary assembly of different polarization states

Manipulation of polarization states with metasurfaces is a compelling approach for on-chip photonics and portable information processing. Yet it remains challenging to generate different types of polarization states with a single piece of a metasurface. This paper demonstrates a metasurface to resolve this issue, which is made of L-shaped resonators with different geometrical sizes. Each resonator diffracts a right- or left-handed circularly polarized state with an additional geometrical-scaling-induced phase. The type of polarization state of each diffracted beam is determined by the enantiomorphism, size, and spatial sequence of the resonators in the unit cell. The number of the beams is modulated by the geometry and separation of the resonators. We provide examples to illustrate how to achieve the specific number of diffracted beams with the desired polarization states in experiments. We suggest that this strategy can be applied for integrated photonics and portable quantum information processing.
Cashew Gum (Anacardium occidentale) as a Potential Source for the Production of Tocopherol-Loaded Nanoparticles: Formulation, Release Profile and Cytotoxicity

Every year, more than thirty thousand tons of Cashew gum (Anacardium occidentale, family: Anacardiaceae) are produced in Brazil; however, only a small amount is used for different applications in foodstuff and in pharmaceutical industries. As a raw material for the production of drug delivery systems, cashew gum is still regarded as an innovative compound worth to be exploited. In this work, cashew gum was extracted from the crude exudate of cashew tree employing four methodologies resulting in a light brown powder in different yields (40.61% to 58.40%). The total ashes (0.34% to 1.05%) and moisture (12.90% to 14.81%) were also dependent on the purification approach. FTIR spectra showed the typical bands of purified cashew gum samples, confirming their suitability for the development of a pharmaceutical product. Cashew gum nanoparticles were produced by nanoprecipitation resulting in particles of low polydispersity (<0.2) and an average size depending on the percentage of the oil. The zeta potential of nanoparticles was found to be below 20 mV, which promotes electrostatic stability. Encapsulation efficiencies were above 99.9%, while loading capacity increased with the increase of the percentage of the oil content of particles. The release of the oil from the nanoparticles followed the Korsmeyer–Peppas kinetics model, while particles did not show any signs of toxicity when tested in three distinct cell lines (LLC-MK2, HepG2, and THP-1). Our study highlights the potential added value of using a protein-, lignans-, and nucleic acids-enriched resin obtained from crude extract as a new raw material for the production of drug delivery systems.
Performance modeling of graphics processing unit application using static and dynamic analysis

Graphics processing units (GPUs) have become an integral part of high‐performance computing to achieve an exascale performance. Understanding and estimating GPU performance is crucial for developers to design performance‐driven as well as energy‐efficient applications for a given architecture. This work presents a model developed using a static analysis of CUDA code to predict the execution time of NVIDIA GPU kernels without the need for running it. Here a PTX code is statically analyzed to extract instruction features, control flow, and data dependence. We propose a scheduling algorithm that satisfies resource reservation constraints to schedule these instructions in threads across streaming multiprocessors (SMs). We use dynamic analysis to build a set of memory access penalty models and use these models in conjunction with the scheduling information to estimate the execution time of the code. We present the experimental results which support that this approach works across architectures of NVIDIA GPUs. We first tested our model on two Kepler machines, where the mean percentage error (MPE)/mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) was − 8.88%/28.3% for Tesla K20 and − 5.66%/29.4% for Quadro K4200. We further tested the model on Maxwell and Pascal architectures and recorded the MPEs/MAPEs to be − 10.64%/47.8% and −3.94 %/28.5%, respectively.
Active Monitoring of Selective Laser Melting Process by Training an Artificial Neural Net Classifier on Layer-By-Layer Surface Laser Profilometry Data

This paper reports some recent results related to active monitoring of Selective Laser Melting (SLM) processes through analysis of layer-by-layer surface profile data. Estimation of fault probability was carried out experimentally in a Renishaw AM250 machine, by collecting Fe3Si powder bed height data, in-situ, during the metal additive manufacturing of a Heat Exchanger section, comprised of a series of conformal channels. Specifically, high-resolution powder bed surface height data from a laser profilometer was linked to post-print ground-truth labels (faulty or nominal) for each site from CT scans, by training a shallow artificial neural net (ANN). The ANN demonstrated interesting capabilities for discovering correlations between surface roughness characteristics and the presence and size of faults. Strong performance was achieved with respect to several standard metrics for classifying faulty and nominal sites. These developments can potentially enable active monitoring processes to become a future component of a layer-by-layer feedback system for better control of SLM processes.
Prophylactic effects of dietary ascorbic acid on oxidative stress indices, physiological and behavioural responses of domestic pigeons exposed to road transport stress

Abstract Transport disturbs birds’ welfare and health status which lead to oxidative stress and dietary ascorbic acid mitigates the adverse effects of transport stress. The present study was aimed to evaluate the impacts of ascorbic acid administration on oxidative stress indices, cortisol, H/L ratio, tonic immobility reaction and rectal temperature of pigeons exposed to road transport. A total of 80 clinically healthy pigeons were selected and randomly divided to eight equal groups as follow: (1) Ctrl–: fed by basal diet and no subjected to transport stress; (2) Ctrl+: fed by the basal diet and subjected to transport stress; (3, 4) 1DBS10 and 1DBS16: received ascorbic acid from 1 day before transport stress at doses of 10 g/100 L and 16 g/100 L of drinking water, respectively; (5, 6) 3DBS10 and 3DBS16: treated with ascorbic acid from 3 consecutive days before transport stress at doses of 10 g/100 L and 16 g/100 L, respectively and (7, 8) 7DBS10 and 7DBS16: received ascorbic acid from 7 consecutive days before the transport at doses 10 g/100 L and 16 g/100 L, respectively. Birds were transported for 3 h over a distance of about 200 km. The total antioxidant capacity, malondialdehyde and cortisol were measured before transport and at 6, 24 and 72 h post‐transportation. The rectal temperature and tunic immobility reactions were recorded. Dietary ascorbic acid led to a decrease in tonic immobility response, hetrophil to lymphocyte ratio, circulating cortisol and total antioxidant capacity, and an increase in circulating malondialdehyde in pigeons exposed to transport stress compare to Ctrl+ group. In conclusion, ascorbic acid administration at dose 16 g/100 L of drinking water from 3 and 7 days before exposure to stress helps attenuate undesirable effects of oxidative stress in pigeons.
Antimicrobial, Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Activities of Polyoxygenated Chalcones

It was synthesized nine polyoxygenated chalcones with a potential and safe use as antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory therapies. Chalcones obtained by Claisen-Schmidt condensation were studied as antioxidant, inhibitors of human 5-lipoxygenase, antifungal, antibacterial and antibiotic resistance modifiers. Two chalcones with catecholic moieties were able to strongly decrease the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of methicillin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, increase the antiradical activity and significantly inhibit the human 5-lipoxygenase. Only one of these chalcones was active synergistically with methicillin. Chalcones with methoxyl substituents at different positions displayed the best activities against Cryptococcus neoformans. Only one chalcone showed good activity against the plant pathogenic bacteria Pseudomonas syringae whose half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value (2.5 μg mL) was similar to that observed with the antibiotic streptomycin (2.9 μg mL). These simple chalcones have safe potential uses in antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory therapies.
Effects of Using One or More Manipulatives on Strategy Mastery and Generalization

Abstract The present study examined whether the number of manipulatives used in arithmetic strategy instruction influences learning. First graders were randomly assigned to one of the following conditions for learning a decomposition strategy to solve arithmetic problems: intervention with a single manipulative, intervention with multiple manipulatives, and a business-as-usual control condition. Both intervention conditions produced a greater increase in the use of decomposition for mental calculation than the control condition. The pattern of results across the intervention conditions varied as a function of the outcome examined. In terms of children’s mastery of strategy execution with the manipulatives, there was no difference between these conditions. In terms of generalization, children whose instruction involved two complementary manipulatives tended to generalize the base-10 strategy to mental calculation to a greater extent than children whose instruction involved a single manipulative. Most noteworthy was that the findings indicated path-dependent transfer: children who mastered decomposition in the multiple-manipulatives condition were more likely to generalize this knowledge to mental calculation than those who achieved mastery via practice with a single manipulative. The implications of these findings for better understanding the conditions under which manipulatives are likely to affect learning for different outcomes is discussed.
Co-adaptive Human-Robot Cooperation: Summary and Challenges

The work presented here is a culmination of developments within the Swedish project COIN: Co-adaptive human-robot interactive systems, funded by the Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research (SSF), which addresses a unified framework for co-adaptive methodologies in human–robot co-existence. We investigate co-adaptation in the context of safe planning/control, trust, and multi-modal human–robot interactions, and present novel methods that allow humans and robots to adapt to one another and discuss directions for future work.
THE INFLUENCE OF FEARS ON THE TRAVEL DECISION - COVID FEAR AGAINST MONEY FEAR

The American National Institute of Mental Health announced that 10% of the total adult population has some kind of phobia. With the appearance of the COVID - 19 infection, and the huge consequences it left behind, there is a growing fear of people deciding to travel. There is a growing fear of infection after a year, but also a fear of lack of money, at a time when protection measures have destroyed tourism and hospitality. About 6,000 experts, including many scientists from the UK, say Covid measures are physically and mentally harmful to health, as well as to the social environment and the economy. The authors of the paper conducted an online research on the degree of strength of two types of fear that potentially influence the decision to travel. The research was conducted during 2020, on a total sample of 250 respondents. Confirming the reliability of the questionnaire, the obtained results were processed in the software SPSS, 23.00. Descriptive statistical analysis, and multiple regression analysis, confirmed the hypothesis that fears are present in all respondents, and that both types of fears are important in predicting and making travel decisions.
Machine Learning of Atomic Forces from Quantum Mechanics: a Model Based on Pairwise Interatomic Forces

We present a new chemically intuitive approach, pairF-Net, to directly predict the atomic forces in a molecule to quantum chemistry accuracy using machine learning techniques. A residual artificial neural network has been designed and trained with features and targets based on pairwise interatomic forces, to determine the Cartesian atomic forces suitable for use in molecular mechanics and dynamics calculations. The scheme implicitly maintains rotational and translational invariance and predicts Cartesian forces as a linear combination of a set of force components in an interatomic basis. We show that the method can predict the reconstructed Cartesian atomic forces for a set of small organic molecules to less than 2 kcal mol-1 Å-1 from the reference force values obtained via density functional theory. The pairF-Net scheme utilises a simple and chemically intuitive route to furnish atomic forces at a quantum mechanical level but at a fraction of the cost, providing a step towards the efficient calculation of accurate thermodynamic properties.