Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clinical, neuroimaging and developmental outcomes of West syndrome

Background. West syndrome is characterized by a hipsarrhytmia pattern on electroencephalography, spasm type seizures, and psychomotor regression triad. In this study, we aimed to document demographic characteristics, clinical and laboratory findings, treatment responses, neurodevelopmental outcomes, and risk factors developed during long-term follow-up with the diagnosis of West syndrome. Materials and methods. The study included patients who were diagnosed with West syndrome between July 2011 and December 2012 in the Department of Pediatric Neurology of Atatürk University. The following data were collected from each patient’s history. Systemic and neurological examinations, cerebral imaging, and electroencephalography were reviewed. Biochemical tests were performed from laboratory tests. The development of each child was assessed using the Denver 2 developmental screening test, the Ankara Developmental Screening Inventory test. Results. The ratio of male/female of our patients was found 2,28/1 and the mean age of the referral was 8.62 ± 7.20 months (median: 8.0). 59 (85.51 %) of the patients were in the symptomatic group and 10 (14.49 %) were in the idiopathic group. The most common factors in the symptomatic group were anomalies of the congenital central nervous system (45.7 %) and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (28.8 %). There was a significant difference between the idiopathic and symptomatic groups in terms of relapse rates, radiological findings, and prognosis rates (p: 0.035/p < 0.001/p < 0.001). Relapse was detected in 43,5 % of the patients. While 83 % of patients treated with adrenocorticotropic hormone, treatment was responded to, 17 % had resistant seizures. There was no statistically significant difference between the treatment responses with adrenocorticotropic hormone and other treatments (p = 0.093). 46 of 55 children (83.6 %) were found to be a developmental delay. Conclusions. Early diagnosis and treatment, the provision of appropriate and convenient treatment in the West syndrome can make a positive contribution to prognosis according to etiology.
Design Methodology of a Three Coil IPT System With Parameters Identification for EVs

The benefits of intermediate couplers (IC) in inductive power transfer (IPT) systems are well documented in the literature. However, the lack of guideline rules makes the selection process of the passive components and operation mode difficult. This paper presents an iterative design methodology based on the equivalent mathematical model of the system to determine the optimal magnetic coupler (MC) dimensions and resonant tanks parameters that operates the system in a quasi constant current mode. It was found that the transconductance function of a series-series (SS) with an intermediate coupler exhibits a quasi-load independent characteristic when the reflected reactance from the receiver side is null. The design methodology then combines the self and mutual coupling profiles of the MC, obtained from a finite element analysis (FEA) tool, with the system specifications and constraints to find all possible solutions. A set of selection metrics are proposed to identify the optimal solution. This work also presents an identification method of the load and mutual inductances based only in the information available from the transmitter side. The proposed method uses the steady-state equations and does not require any form of communication to the receiver side. An experimental prototype was built and assembled in a converted combustion vehicle with efficiency of 89$\%$.
Effects of Early Sub-Therapeutic Antibiotic Administration and its Subsequent Withdrawal on Body Composition, Gut Microbiota and Metabolite Pro�les in a Pig Model

Background: Antibiotic exposure in early life has shown to be a signi�cant risk factor for later fat accumulation in human. However, whether early sub-therapeutic antibiotic (STA) exposure affects body composition and its mechanisms remains unclear. The present study used a combination of comparative slaughter method, microbiota, and metabolomics measurement to investigate the effects of early STA administration and its subsequent withdrawal on body composition, colonic microbiota and metabolite pro�les in a pig model. The piglets were fed the same basal starter diet added with STA (STA) or without STA (CON) for two weeks during the administration period, and then all piglets were switched to the same nursery diet without STA during the withdrawal period until they reached approximately 25 kg body weight. Results: Results showed that STA did not signi�cantly improve piglet growth performance during the administration period and the withdrawal period. Piglets treated with the STA had a lower body water deposition (g/d) during the withdrawal period, and tended to have increased body lipid deposition (g/d) during the withdrawal period and the whole period than CON group. It was found that STA was initially effective in decreasing the abundance of pathogenic bacteria during the administration period, such as Alloprevotella, Bacteroides, Solobacterium, and Sutterella. However, they could not continue the effect during the withdrawal period, leading to the rebound of pathogenic bacteria such as Alloprevotella and the increase of the abundance of other pathogenic bacteria like Oscillibacter. Remarkably, STA treatment decreased the abundance of Blautia that play a potential protective role against obesity either during the administration period or the withdrawal period. Metabolomic analysis indicated that STA mainly altered amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, and carbohydrate metabolism during the two periods. Furthermore, Spearman's correlation analysis showed that the gut microbiota was highly correlated with microbial metabolites changes. Conclusion: These results suggest that STA administration may alter tissue deposition through reshaping the their
Investigation of artificial neural network performance in the aerosol properties retrieval

Aerosols are an integral part of Earth's climate system and their effect on climate makes this field a relevant research problem. The artificial neural network (ANN) technique is an upcoming technique in different research fields. In the current work, we have evaluated the performance of an ANN with its parameters in simulating the aerosol's properties. ANN evaluation is performed over three sites (Kanpur, Jaipur, and Gandhi College) in the Indian region. We evaluated the performance of ANN for model's hyperparameter (number of hidden layers) and optimizer's hyperparameters (learning rate and number of iterations). The optical properties of aerosols from AERONET (AErosol RObotic NETwork) are used as input to ANN to estimate the aerosol optical depth (AOD) and Angstrom exponent. Results emphasized the need for optimal learning rate values and the number of iterations to get accurate results with low computational cost and to avoid overfitting. We observed a 23–25% increase in computational time with an increase in iteration. Thus, a meticulous selection of these parameters should be made for accurate estimations. The result indicates that the developed ANN can be utilized to derive AOD, which is not assessed at AERONET stations.
Construction of nested pattern matrix with large girth for PDMA systems

In this letter, a new method is proposed to construct the pattern matrix (PM) with both nested structure and large girth for pattern division multiple access (PDMA) system. The proposed method contains two steps. Firstly, by performing the Kronecker product on a cycle-free base-PM with overload factor β > 1, an expanded-PM with overload factor β 2 is obtained. Then, puncturing the speciﬁc columns with high-weight of that expanded-PM, the derived nested PM achieves large girth and low row-weight, which lead to low error propagation and low computational complexity under message passing-based detector. Simulation results veriﬁed the above idea.
Cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus (P-19) using different cellulosic and lignocellulosic substrates.

Different cellulosic and lignocellulosic substrates (rice husk, sawdust and wheat straw) were investigated for effective cultivation of Oyster mushroom. Sawdust took very few days (5.75) for completion of spawn running while rice husk took maximum days(23.75). Similarly maximum yield was obtained on sawdust and wheat straw where as, rice husk produced lowest yield having low contents of celluloses. The Sawdust an lignocellulosic substrate proved one of the best substrate. No of pin head and no of fruiting bodies formation were also effective when cultivated on saw dust 100%) as compared to the other substrates. It was also observed that the Pleurotus ostreatus (P-19) gave the maximum yield in the first flush followed by second, third and forth flush, respectively.
Comparison of E�cacy and Safety of Statin-ezetimibe Combination Therapy With Statin Monotherapy in Patients With Diabetes: A Meta-analysis of Randomised Controlled Studies

Background and aims: Diabetic dyslipidaemia is characterised by very high levels of triglycerides, low high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and slightly elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. Additionally, the potentially increased risk of morbidity and mortality following atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases should be considered in the treatment of dyslipidaemia in patients with diabetes. Methods: We performed a meta-analysis of the published data to compare the effects of statin-ezetimibe combination therapy and statin monotherapy on lipid and glucose parameters in patients with diabetes. Additionally, the safety based on the reported adverse events was compared between the two groups. Results: Seventeen articles were included in this meta-analysis. In the e�cacy assessment, the combination treatment afforded a signi�cantly greater reduction in LDL cholesterol than did statin monotherapy (standard difference in means = 0.894; 95% con�dence interval 0.598–1.191). A signi�cantly greater improvement effect was observed in the levels of HDL cholesterol, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and apolipoprotein B, but not apolipoprotein A1, with combination therapy than with statin monotherapy. Additionally, combination therapy reduced the fasting blood glucose levels more signi�cantly than did statin monotherapy. In terms of safety, there were no signi�cant differences in treatment-related adverse events between the two treatments. Conclusions: Statin-ezetimibe combination therapy appears to enhance LDL cholesterol and other lipid levels without an increased risk of adverse events, compared with statin monotherapy. The present meta-analysis presents valid evidence for appropriate drug regimens to treat dyslipidaemia in patients with diabetes.
An elementary finite element exercise to stimulate computational thinking in engineering education

In this paper, an elementary exercise that can strengthen computational thinking in engineering analysis and design is outlined and discussed. The exercise is a simple finite element assignment designed for the M.Sc. students in Mechanical and Civil Engineering. It comprises a two‐member frame with a variety of loading that can be solved manually without using any computer programming. Individual data is allocated to each student, and they have been asked to report their results like reaction forces, reaction moments and stresses. Thereafter they have modelled the same frame structure in commercially available finite element method (FEM) software ABAQUS, from which a substantial output file is created for such a simple problem. In the final stage, each student highlights the ABAQUS results that can be compared and commented upon with the results obtained from their manual calculations. Since the assignment is individual, it provides a justifiable connection between computational thinking of an individual mind, with printed outputs of a complicated FEM software. Implementing this assignment in M.Sc. finite element course at Aberdeen University has been very successful. This enabled individual students to relate their computational thinking, with the results of complicated FEM software in engineering. It is concluded that such exercises can stimulate computational thinking in engineering education. Moreover, they can be used in other engineering fields where FEM is applicable, either at the university level or Professional and Career Development courses in engineering.
Effect of Siegesbeckia orientalis L. on Cervical Cancer HeLa Cell in Vitro

Objective To study cylostatic action of Siegesbeckia orientalis L.on human cervix cancer HeLa cell.Methods HeLa cells were treated with S.orientalis extracts at different concentrations.The growth inhibition was analyzed by MTT assay.Results The ethyl acetate and n-butanol extracts of S.orientalis remarkably inhibited the growth of HeLa cells.Conclusion S.orientalis can inhibit human cervix cancer HeLa cells in vitro.
Purification, immunological, and functional characterization of MxFIT in Malus xiaojinensis

MxFIT is a FER-like iron deficiency induced transcriptional factor in Malus xiaojinensis. Here, we described the heterologous expression of MxFIT in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) host cells. The E. coli harboring the recombinant construct pET-MxFIT was efficiently induced to express the MxFIT protein at a high level and the optimal profile for MxFIT expression was investigated. By inoculating a New Zealand rabbit with purified MxFIT-His fusion protein, a high specific anti-MxFIT antiserum was achieved. Western blot analysis showed MxFIT protein expression was induced in roots when iron supply was limiting and was inhibited when iron supply was excessive. In leaves, there was almost no expression irrespective of iron supply. The localization of MxFIT on transverse section of root indicated that MxFIT participated in iron deficiency response. Over-expression of MxFIT in transgenic tobacco suspension cells showed that MxFIT increased iron absorption under insufficient iron supply. This study provides a basis for further investigating the underlying mechanism of high iron absorption efficiency in M. xiaojinensis.
Mechanistic studies of photoactivatable fluorescent proteins: a combined approach by crystallography and spectroscopy

Since the discovery of the green fluorescent protein (GFP) in 1962, many developments allowed improving the use of this naturally light-emitting protein as a powerful tool for tracking proteins or organelles of interest within living cells and organisms. At the beginning of the 21st century, the discovery of photoactivatable fluorescent proteins (PAFPs), notably from Anthozoan species, triggered a revolution in the field of FP technology. Some PAFPs are capable of being irreversibly photoconverted from a green- to a red-emitting form while other ones can be reversibly switched on and off, depending on specific excitation wavelengths. These proteins are being extensively used in optical microscopy techniques, particularly in “nanoscopy”, which provides optical resolution 10 fold beyond the theoretical Abbe limit. In order to further develop these techniques, notably in term of time-resolution, the need to obtain brighter fluorescent probes that photoconvert or photoswitch efficiently is crucial. At the same time, fluorescent highlighters generally need to be monomeric and photostable. In order to better understand the mechanisms of phototransformations in PAFPs, three members of the family have been studied: EosFP, Dendra2 and IrisFP. The phenomena of green-to-red photoconversion, reversible photoswitching and non-reversible photobleaching have been studied by a combination of X-ray crystallography and microspectrophotometry using the Cryobench laboratory of the ESRF/IBS. Together, the results have allowed us to propose a mechanism for the photoconversion of EosFP and Dendra2 and to discover and characterize IrisFP, the first PAFP combining both properties of photoconversion and photoswitching. The structural modifications of the chromophore associated with an X-ray induced radical state, likely to be involved in the photobleaching pathway of PAFPs, were also characterized.
Venturing for Others, Subject to Role Expectations? A Role Congruity Theory Approach to Social Venture Crowd Funding

Scant attention has been paid to the differences in fundraising for social versus commercial ventures. We adopt a role congruity theory perspective to argue that because women and people of color are more congruent with role expectations attributed to social entrepreneurs, they experience better fundraising performance when raising crowdfunded capital for social ventures compared to commercial ventures. We then argue entrepreneur race heightens fundraising differences for men and women. Results indicate women experience better funding performance when funding a social versus commercial venture—an effect that is larger for women of color. Men of color experience worse performance when funding a social venture. We find no differences for White men.
Look Over the Horizon - Chicken Linkage Disequilibrium is Much More Complex Over Much Longer Distance than Previously Appreciated

BackgroundAppreciable Linkage Disequilibrium (LD) is commonly found between pairs of loci close to one another, decreasing rapidly with distance between the loci. This provides the basis studies to map Quantitative Trait Loci Regions (QTLRs), where it is custom to assume that the closest sites to a significant markers are the prime candidate to be the causative mutation. Nevertheless, Long-Range LD (LRLD) can also be found among well-separated sites. LD blocks are runs of genomic sites all having appreciable LD with one another. High LD and LRLD are often separated by genomic sites with which they have practically no LD. Thus, not only can LD be found among distant loci, but also its pattern may be complex, comprised of fragmented blocks. Here, chicken LRLD and LD blocks, and their relationship with previously described Marek’s Disease (MD) QTLRs, were studied in an F6 population from a full-sib advanced intercross line, and in eight commercial pure layer lines. Genome wide LRLD was studied in the F6 population by random samples of non-syntenic and syntenic marker pairs. To illustrate the relationship with QTLRs, LRLD and LD blocks in and between the MD QTLRs were studied by all possible marker pairs.Results LRLD was defined as r2 ≥ 0.7 over a distance ≥ 1 Mb, and 1.5% of all syntenic marker pairs were classified as LRLD. Complex fragmented and interdigitated LD blocks were found, ranging over distances from a few hundred to a few millions bases. Vast high, long-range, and complex LD was found between two of the MD QTLRs. Cross QTLRs STRING networks and gene interactions suggested possible origins of the exceptional LD between these two QTLRs.ConclusionsAll sites with high LD with a significant marker should be considered as candidate for the causative mutation, but, unlike the custom assumption, the causative mutation is not necessarily the one closest to the significant marker. Rather, the present results show that it can be located at a much larger distance from a significant marker than previously appreciated, beyond closer mutations. Thus, LRLD range and LD block complexity must be accounted for while interpreting genetic mapping studies.
Relationship between generic and occupation-specific job demands and resources, negative work−home interference and burnout among GPs

Scholars often examine the effect of generic job demands and resources on burnout, yet to increase ecological validity, it is important to examine the effects of occupation-specific characteristics. An extended version of the job demands-resources model with work−home interference as a mediator is examined among a cross-sectional sample of 178 general practitioners (GPs). Interviews with GPs were used to develop questions on occupation-specific work characteristics. Hypotheses were tested in MEDIATE. Both generic and occupation-specific job demands positively affected emotional exhaustion, while only occupation-specific job demands affected depersonalization. Only strain-based work−family interference mediated the relationship between generic and occupation-specific job demands, emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. This study offers an important extension of the job demands-resources model by including occupation-specific job characteristics. This broader perspective can aid in more targeted job design to reduce burnout among GPs.
ISÓTOPOS ESTÁVEIS E OUTRAS FERRAMENTAS EM ESTUDOS TRÓFICOS DE PEIXES EM RIACHOS TROPICAIS

Stable isotope analysis (SIA) has become an essential tool in Ecology, being increasingly used in studies of fish in tropical streams. The SIA allows to reconstruct the animals' diet and its intraspecific variation, to trace the contributions of the main basal resources throughout the food web, to calculate trophic position and trophic niche, including niche overlap and its alterations, and to build food webs. The SIA is also used to understand the impact of environmental changes on fish communities and other aquatic organisms. The number of such studies is increasing in Brazil, but there are still several gaps. In this study, we present the basic concepts on stable isotopes analysis in trophic studies of stream fish - especially those of carbon, nitrogen and hydrogen - their premises, uses and limitations, presenting examples from tropical streams. We also explore new conceptual tools in this area, still not used for stream fish in Brazil, such as fatty acids, stable isotopes in specific compounds, nutritional geometry and ecological stoichiometry concepts such as the Threshold Elemental Ratio.
A Data-Driven Inertial Navigation/Bluetooth Fusion Algorithm for Indoor Localization

The introduction of data-driven inertial navigation provides new opportunities that the pedestrian dead reckoning could not well provide for constraining inertial system error drift on smartphones, and has been considered as another promising approach to meet the requirement of location-based services. However, indoor localization systems based on a single technology still have their limitations, such as the drift of inertial navigation and the received signal strength fluctuation of Bluetooth, making them unable to provide reliable positioning. To exploit the complementary strengths of each technology, this paper proposes a feasible fusion framework by utilizing a particle filter to integrate data-driven inertial navigation with localization based on Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE). For data-driven inertial navigation, under the premise of using the deep neural network with great potential in model-free generalization to regress pedestrian motion characteristics, we effectively combined the method of using gravity to stabilize inertial measurement units data to make the network more robust. Experimental results show that in the test of different smartphone usages, the proposed data-driven inertial navigation and BLE-based localization technology have good results in modeling user’s movement and positioning respectively. And due to this, the proposed fusion algorithm has almost unaffected by the usages of smartphones. Compared with BLE-based localization that achieved a good mean positional error (MPE) of 1.76m, for the four usages of texting, swinging, calling and pocket, the proposed fusion algorithm reduced the MPE by 32.35%, 20.51%, 20.74%, and 45.37%, respectively, and can further improve localization accuracy on the basis of existing fusion method.