Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nurses’ turnover intention in secondary hospitals in China: A structural equation modelling approach

Abstract Aim To identify the factors affecting nurses’ turnover intention. Background The shortage of nurses has been a great challenge worldwide, and nurses’ turnover may exacerbate the situation. Methods A cross‐sectional study was conducted among nurses in six secondary hospitals in China. A model was constructed, and structured questionnaires were adopted to measure model variables. Structural equation modelling was used to verify the model. Results Totally, 594 valid questionnaires were collected. The final model showed an acceptable fit, and 35.0% of the total variation was explained. Nine of the ten pathways were statistically significant. The model verified the contribution of professional value, nursing practice, job stress and social support to turnover intention and their effects were mediated by job satisfaction and organisational commitment. As hypothesized, there existed a significant effect between job satisfaction and organisational commitment. Unexpectedly, job stress had a greater direct effect on turnover intention than job satisfaction and organisational commitment. Conclusions The structural model provided a feasible model that could explain nurses’ turnover intention in China. Implications for Nursing Management To prevent the turnover of nurses, administrators and managers should advisably prioritize the effect of job stress, especially in hospitals with similar medical context.
Engineering transfer student leavers: Voices from the sidelines of the engineering playing field

The purpose of this phenomenological study was to understand and illuminate the experiences and stories of Midwestern Community College transfer students who entered and left engineering at a large Midwestern research university. Participants were invited based the following selection criteria: (1) Midwestern Community College transfer students who enter engineering; (2) completion of Calculus I and II, Physics, Chemistry, English I and II prior to transferring; (3) stayed in engineering at least 2 semesters; and (4) left engineering in the Fall 2010, Spring 2011, or Fall 2011 semesters for another major. Eight students participated in this qualitative study. The researcher encouraged the participants to share their perceptions and experiences of the various transitions involved in this phenomenological sequence of events. The following themes emerged: (a) Community college is like an extension of high school; (b) Inadequate community college advising; (c) Academic rigor; (d) “I can’t/don’t want to do this anymore. ;” (e) Lack of academic support; (f) Variable quality of student-faculty interactions; (g) Sense of belonging; and (h) Challenges of being an older student. Students in this study described a clashing of cultures as they transitioned from a community college to a large research university. Further study is needed in order to understand the complexity of this student experience and to develop policies and programs which meet the needs of engineering transfer students.
Optimal design of the disc vents for high-speed railway vehicles using thermal-structural coupled analysis with genetic algorithm

Braking devices are devices that convert kinetic energy into thermal energy using frictional force. A disc-type brake uses the frictional force to brake and can be used in a wide range of applications, such as automobiles, railway vehicles, and aircraft. However, heat dissipation of the disc has been considered a major problem. High temperatures during the braking process cause thermal stress and deformation problems of the disc because the physical properties of metal composing the disc change drastically with temperature. In this study, vents were applied on the disc surface to increase their heat dissipation performance. In general, vents are structurally susceptible to stress and deformation. However, heat dissipation is essential because the disc surface rises to high temperatures. Therefore, a thermal-structural coupled analysis was performed using the computational fluid dynamics and finite element method methods. Five different rotational speeds and surface temperatures of the disc were considered. Design of experiments was used to determine an optimized design utilizing the data from the coupled analysis, and Latin hypercube sampling was used to generate samples from a set of N regions. And the genetic algorithm was used to conduct a sensitivity analysis of the design parameters. The optimized design was determined for harsh conditions. The diameters of vents were selected 6.87 mm, 6.12 mm, and 5.99 mm in a radial direction through the optimization. Thermal stress and deformation acting on the disc were reduced in the optimally designed disc. The optimized disc model experiences a 7.01% decrease in maximum equivalent stress when compared to the original disc. The model also decreased by 7.63% in maximum equivalent elastic strain. So, through enhanced convection-induced heat dissipation, the vents can be considered as a new way to prevent problems with the thermal stress and deformation that were apparent at high temperatures.
Use of Circulating Tumour DNA (ctDNA) for Measurement of Therapy Predictive Biomarkers in Patients with Cancer

Biomarkers that predict likely response or resistance to specific therapies are critical in personalising treatment for cancer patients. Such biomarkers are now available for an increasing number of anti-cancer therapies, especially targeted therapy and immunotherapy. The gold-standard method for determining predictive biomarkers requires tumour tissue. Obtaining tissue, however, is not always possible and even if possible, the amount or quality of tissue obtained may be inadequate for biomarker analysis. Tumour DNA, however, can be released into the bloodstream, giving rise to what is referred to as circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA). In contrast to tissue, blood can be obtained from effectively all patients in a minimally invasive and safe manner. Other advantages of blood over tissue for biomarker testing include a shorter turn-around time and an ability to perform serial measurements. Furthermore, blood should provide a more complete profile of mutations present in heterogeneous tumours than a single-needle tissue biopsy. A limitation of blood vis-à-vis tissue, however, is lower sensitivity and, thus, the possibility of missing an actionable mutation. Despite this limitation, blood-based predictive biomarkers, such as mutant EGFR for predicting response to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer and mutant PIK3CA for predicting response to alpelisib in combination with fulvestrant in advanced breast cancer, may be used when tissue is unavailable. Although tissue remains the gold standard for detecting predictive biomarkers, it is likely that several further blood-based assays will soon be validated and used when tissue is unavailable or unsuitable for analysis.
Th17 Cells and Tregs in HTLV-1 Infection

HTLV-1 (human T-lymphotropic virus type 1) causes chronic infection of human T lymphocytes. HTLV-1 infection is known to be related to multiple diseases, including neoplastic growth of HTLV-1-infected T cells (ATL) and neoplastic inflammatory conditions, such as HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), Sjögren’s syndrome with arthritis, polymyositis uveitis, and bronchoalveolitis. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) regulate inflammatory cells, such as Th17 cells. The purpose of this study was to evaluate Tregs and Th17 cells, as well as the expression of related transcription factors (ROR-? t and FOXP3) and cytokines (IL-10, TGF-? , IL-6, and IL-17A) in HTLV-1 infection.
MixMIM: Mixed and Masked Image Modeling for Efficient Visual Representation Learning

In this study, we propose Mixed and Masked Image Modeling (MixMIM), a simple but efﬁcient MIM method that is applicable to various hierarchical Vision Transformers. Existing MIM methods replace a random subset of input tokens with a special [MASK] symbol and aim at reconstructing original image tokens from the corrupted image. However, we ﬁnd that using the [MASK] symbol greatly slows down the training and causes training-ﬁnetuning inconsistency, due to the large masking ratio (e.g., 40% in BEiT). In contrast, we replace the masked tokens of one image with visible tokens of another image, i.e., creating a mixed image. We then conduct dual reconstruction to reconstruct the original two images from the mixed input, which signiﬁcantly improves efﬁciency. While MixMIM can be applied to various architectures, this paper explores a simpler but stronger hierarchical Transformer, and scales with MixMIM-B, -L, and -H. Empirical results demonstrate that MixMIM can learn high-quality visual representations efﬁciently. Notably, MixMIM-B with 88M parameters achieves 85.1% top-1 accuracy on ImageNet-1K by pretraining for 600 epochs, setting a new record for neural networks with comparable model sizes (e.g., ViT-B) among MIM methods. Besides, its transferring performances on the other 6 datasets show MixMIM has better FLOPs / performance tradeoff than previous MIM methods. Code is available at https://github.com/Sense-X/MixMIM.
AMPK, a key regulator of metabolism and autophagy, is activated by lysosomal damage via a novel galectin-directed ubiquitin signal transduction system

Corresponding author. #Bhawana Bissa’s present address: Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS Conceptualization: J.J. B.B. , V.D. ; Investigation and Validation: B.B. , L.B. , J.J., Y.G. , S.W. C. ; Formal Analysis: B.B. , J.J. C.B. , G.T. , M.B. , K.H. , V.D. ; Resources: M.Z. , K.H. ; Data Curation: C.B. , L.A. ; Writing Original Draft: V.D. ; Writing – Review & Editing: J.J. C.B. M.B. , G.T. K.H. , V.D. ; Visualization: L.A. , B.B. , J.J.; Supervision: C.B. , V.D. ; Project Administration: V.D. ; Funding Acquisition: C.B, V.D. *Equally contributing authors ***Lead contact
Sulphate-reducing bacteria: environmental and engineered systems.

Preface 1. Energy metabolism and phylogenetic diversity of sulphate-reducing bacteria Rudolf K. Thauer, Erko Stackebrandt and W. Allan Hamilton 2. Molecular strategies for studies of natural populations of sulphate-reducing micro-organisms David A. Stahl, Alexander Loy and Michael Wagner 3. Functional genomics of sulphate-reducing prokaryotes Ralf Rabus and Axel Strittmatter 4. Evaluation of stress response in sulphate-reducing bacteria through genome analysis J. D. Wall, H. C. Bill Yen, and E. C. Drury 5. Response of sulphate-reducing bacteria to oxygen Henrik Sass and Heribert Cypionka 6. Biochemical, proteomic and genetic characterisation of oxygen survival mechanisms in sulphate-reducing bacteria of the genus Desulfovibrio Alain Dolla, Donald M. Kurtz, Jr., Miguel Teixeira and Gerrit Voordouw 7. Biochemical, genetic and genomic characterisation of anaerobic electron transport pathways in sulphate-reducing delta-proteobacteria Ines A. C. Pereira, Shelley A. Haveman and Gerrit Voordouw 8. Dissimilatory nitrate and nitrite ammonification by sulphate-reducing eubacteria Jose J. G. Moura, Pablo Gonzalez, Isabel Moura and Guy Fauque 9. Anaerobic degradation of hydrocarbons with sulphate as electron acceptor Friedrich Widdel, Florin Musat, Katrin Knittel and Alexander Galushko 10. Sulphate-reducing bacteria from oil field environments and deep-sea hydrothermal vents Bernard Ollivier, Jean-Luc Cayol and Guy Fauque 11. The sub-seafloor biosphere and sulphate-reducing prokaryotes: their presence and significance R. John Parkes and Henrik Sass 12. Eco-physiology of sulphate-reducing bacteria in environmental biofilms Satoshi Okabe 13. Bioprocess engineering of sulphate reduction for environmental technology Piet N. L. Lens, Marcus Vallero and Giovanni Esposito 14. Bioremediation of metals and metalloids by precipitation and cellular binding Simon L. Hockin and Geoffrey M. Gadd 15. Enzymatic and genomic studies on the reduction of mercury and selected metallic oxy-anions by sulphate-reducing bacteria Mireille Bruschi, Larry L. Barton, Florence Goulhen, and Richard M. Plunkett 16. Sulphate-reducing bacteria and their role in corrosion of ferrous materials Iwona B. Beech and Jan A. Sunner 17. Anaerobic metabolism of nitroaromatic compounds and bioremediation of explosive by sulphate-reducing bacteria Raj Boopathy 18. Sulphate-reducing bacteria and the human large intestine George T. Macfarlane, John H. Cummings and Sandra Macfarlan.
Raman spectroscopy of RFeAsO (R=Sm, La)

V. G. Hadjiev,1 M. N. Iliev,2 K. Sasmal,2 Y. -Y. Sun,2 and C. W. Chu2,3,4 1Texas Center for Superconductivity and Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Houston, Texas 77204-5002, USA 2Texas Center for Superconductivity and Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5002, USA 3Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 4Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA Received 15 April 2008; revised manuscript received 16 May 2008; published 13 June 2008
COUNTING G-ORBITS ON THE INDUCED ACTION ON k-SUBSETS

Let G be a ? nite permutation group acting on a ? nite set ? Then we denote by ? k(G,? ) the number of G-orbits on the set ? k, consisting of all k-subsets of ? In this thesis we develop methods for calculating the values for ? k(G,? ) and produce formulae for the cases that G is a doubly-transitive simple rank one Lie type group. That is G ? = PSL(2,q),Sz(q),PSU(3,q) or R(q). We also give reduced functions for the calculation of the number of orbits of these groups when k = 3 and go on to consider the numbers of orbits, when G is a ? nite abelian group in its regular representation.We then consider orbit lengths and examine groups with ? large? G-orbits on subsetsof size 3
Graph Connectivity with Noisy Queries

Graph connectivity is a fundamental combinatorial optimization problem that arises in many practical applications, where usually a spanning subgraph of a network is used for its operation. However, in the real world, links may fail unexpectedly deeming the networks non-operational, while checking whether a link is damaged is costly and possibly erroneous. After an event that has damaged an arbitrary subset of the edges, the network operator must find a spanning tree of the network using non-damaged edges by making as few checks as possible. Motivated by such questions, we study the problem of finding a spanning tree in a network, when we only have access to noisy queries of the form"Does edge e exist? ". We design efficient algorithms, even when edges fail adversarially, for all possible error regimes; 2-sided error (where any answer might be erroneous), false positives (where"no"answers are always correct) and false negatives (where"yes"answers are always correct). In the first two regimes we provide efficient algorithms and give matching lower bounds for general graphs. In the False Negative case we design efficient algorithms for large interesting families of graphs (e.g. bounded treewidth, sparse). Using the previous results, we provide tight algorithms for the practically useful family of planar graphs in all error regimes.
Birth Order, Caesarean Section, or Daycare Attendance in Relation to Child- and Adult-Onset Type 1 Diabetes: Results from the German National Cohort

(1) Background: Global incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) is rising and nearly half occurred in adults. However, it is unclear if certain early-life childhood T1D risk factors were also associated with adult-onset T1D. This study aimed to assess associations between birth order, delivery mode or daycare attendance and type 1 diabetes (T1D) risk in a population-based cohort and whether these were similar for childhood- and adult-onset T1D (cut-off age 15); (2) Methods: Data were obtained from the German National Cohort (NAKO Gesundheitsstudie) baseline assessment. Self-reported diabetes was classified as T1D if: diagnosis age ≤ 40 years and has been receiving insulin treatment since less than one year after diagnosis. Cox regression was applied for T1D risk analysis; (3) Results: Analyses included 101,411 participants (100 childhood- and 271 adult-onset T1D cases). Compared to “only-children”, HRs for second- or later-born individuals were 0.70 (95% CI = 0.50–0.96) and 0.65 (95% CI = 0.45–0.94), respectively, regardless of parental diabetes, migration background, birth year and perinatal factors. In further analyses, higher birth order reduced T1D risk in children and adults born in recent decades. Caesarean section and daycare attendance showed no clear associations with T1D risk; (4) Conclusions: Birth order should be considered in both children and adults’ T1D risk assessment for early detection.
Exploring the Economic Aspects of β-Thalassemia in Jordan in 2019

Thalassemia are inherited hematological disorders considered among the most common genetic disorders worldwide, occurring more frequently in the Mediterranean Region. The WHO estimates that Beta-thalassemia affects 2.9% of the world’s population. In Jordan, the carrier prevalence rate of thalassemia is from 2-4%. Patients with thalassemia need a lifelong care, devastating their quality of life and imposing overwhelming psychological and financial burden on patients and their families. The Jordanian Ministry of Health (MOH) is the sole facility responsible for treating these patients from the pre-marital program until required medications regardless of their nationality. This study aimed to estimate the economic burden of thalassemia in Jordan in 2019. All 680 thalassemia patients admitted to thalassemia centers in Jordan and coming to out-patients’ clinics from July 1st to Aug 31st, 2019 are included. Data were collected using a pre-developed questionnaire from the electronic medical records. The economic burden was estimated from MOH perspective and societal perspective. The average annual cost was estimated to be 2,674 JOD for a single thalassemia Jordanian insured patient and 4,627 JOD for un-insured, while the non-Jordanian patient’ annual cost was estimated 4,751 JOD if insured and 6,651 JOD if un-insured. The total economic burden of thalassemia in Jordan in 2019 was estimated to be 2,148,741 JOD. Of this amount, 1,393,329 JOD was for Jordanians and 755,412 JOD for non-Jordanians. In conclusion, this high burden of thalassemia in Jordan requires adopting new controlling policies; pre-marriage counseling, education and raising awareness should be encouraged.
Theory of Nucleus: Nuclear Structure and Nuclear Interaction

Preface. References. 1. Nucleons and Nuclear Forces. 2. Few-Nucleon Systems. 3. Nuclear Matter. 4. Shells in Nuclei. 5. Rotation and Vibrations of Nuclei. 6. The Pairing of Nucleons. 7. Quark Model of Nucleus. Index.
Fixed Dose Versus Loose Dose: Analgesic Combinations

Combinations of drugs may be fixed (two or more entities in a single product) or loose (two or more agents taken together but as individual agents) to help address multimechanistic pain. The use of opioids plus nonopioids can result in lower opioid consumption without sacrificing analgesic benefits. Drug combinations may offer additive or synergistic benefits. A variety of fixed-dose combination products are available on the market such as diclofenac plus thiocolchicoside, acetaminophen and caffeine, acetaminophen and opioid, ibuprofen and acetaminophen, tramadol and acetaminophen, and others. Fixed-dose combination products offer predictable pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, known adverse events, and can reduce the pill burden. However, they are limited to certain drug combinations and doses; loose dosing allows prescribers the versatility to meet individual patient requirements as well as the ability to titrate as needed. Not all drug combinations offer synergistic benefits, which depend on the drugs and their doses. Certain drugs offer dual mechanisms of action in a single molecule, such as tapentadol, and these may further be used in combination with other analgesics. New technology allows for co-crystal productions of analgesic agents which may further improve drug characteristics, such as bioavailability. Combination analgesics are important additions to the analgesic armamentarium and may offer important benefits at lower doses than monotherapy.
School Burnout after COVID-19, Prevalence and Role of Different Risk and Protective Factors in Preteen Students

Background: Current data show an increase in stress among youth since the COVID-19 pandemic, raising the question of the measures to be put in place to limit it. Aim: The aim of this study is to measure the prevalence of burnout and the different risk and protective factors of burnout among students and to compare the mean scores obtained with those collected in a similar sample in 2014. Method: Perceived health, school burnout, and the different risk and protective factors among students were measured by self-reported questionnaires among a sample of 184 students (11–13 years old). Results: The results indicate significantly higher burnout scores than in 2014. Different variables were predictive of school burnout: 1. At the individual level, a low academic achievement in mathematics, somatic symptoms, and the expressed stress; 2. At the interpersonal level, lack of support from peers, teachers, and parents and a negative classroom climate; 3. At the pandemic level, the increased workload related to the consequences of COVID-19. The factors with the greatest impact are confidence in the future, perceived stress, parental supports, and mathematics results. Conclusions: An intervention program targeting these four factors among burned out students would be relevant to set up in order to reduce its prevalence.
Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory, Antioxidant Activity and Total Phenolic Content of Momordica charantia L. Fruit Extracts Prepared using Two Water Temperatures

Momordica charantia L. fruit has good reputation for pharmacology and nutrition. Among the reported biological activities include antihyperlipidemic, blood glucose and serum uric acid reducing potentials. In most studies, M. charantia fruit extract was prepared in organic solvents. Nevertheless, water has been a good solvent to extract beneficial compounds with biological activities. Moreover, M. charantia fruit has also being consumed in the form of juice. In this study, the aqueous extracts of M. charantia fruit were prepared by blending the fruits in two different water temperature (25C and 100C). After the extracts were lyophilized, the xanthine oxidase inhibitory (XOI), antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of both extracts, along with allopurinol and ibuprofen were measured. From the results, both extracts exhibit XOI and antioxidant activity. The total phenolic content, XOI and antioxidant activity of the 25C and 100C extracts are not significantly different (p>0.05), which is in accordance with the negative correlation between total phenolic content and the activities of extracts. Interestingly, the XOI activity of both extracts are not significantly different from allopurinol (p>0.05), indicating the extracts effectiveness to inhibit xanthine oxidase enzyme. As a conclusion, it is postulated that the activities and total phenolic content of the M. charantia extracts are not affected by the water temperature.