Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Electro‐acupuncture and its combination with adult stem cell transplantation for spinal cord injury treatment: A summary of current laboratory findings and a review of literature

The incidence and disability rate of spinal cord injury (SCI) worldwide are high, imposing a heavy burden on patients. Considerable research efforts have been directed toward identifying new strategies to effectively treat SCI. Governor Vessel electro‐acupuncture (GV‐EA), used in traditional Chinese medicine, combines acupuncture with modern electrical stimulation. It has been shown to improve the microenvironment of injured spinal cord (SC) by increasing levels of endogenous neurotrophic factors and reducing inflammation, thereby protecting injured neurons and promoting myelination. In addition, axons extending from transplanted stem cell‐derived neurons can potentially bridge the two severed ends of tissues in a transected SC to rebuild neuronal circuits and restore motor and sensory functions. However, every single treatment approach to severe SCI has proven unsatisfactory. Combining different treatments—for example, electro‐acupuncture (EA) with adult stem cell transplantation—appears to be a more promising strategy. In this review, we have summarized the recent progress over the past two decades by our team especially in the use of GV‐EA for the repair of SCI. By this strategy, we have shown that EA can stimulate the nerve endings of the meningeal branch. This would elicit the dorsal root ganglion neurons to secrete excess amounts of calcitonin gene‐related peptide centrally in the SC. The neuropeptide then activates the local cells to secrete neurotrophin‐3 (NT‐3), which mediates the survival and differentiation of donor stem cells overexpressing the NT‐3 receptor, at the injury/graft site of the SC. Increased local production of NT‐3 facilitates reconstruction of host neural tissue such as nerve fiber regeneration and myelination. All this events in sequence would ultimately strengthen the cortical motor‐evoked potentials and restore the motor function of paralyzed limbs. The information presented herein provides a basis for future studies on the clinical application of GV‐EA and adult stem cell transplantation for the treatment of SCI.
Nursing and advocacy in health: An integrative review

Background The practice of health advocacy in nursing has been defined as a process aimed at promoting the independence and autonomy of users of health services, in addition to providing information on healthcare decision-making and offering support for decisions taken. Ethical considerations Ethics approval was not required to conduct this review. Aim This integrative review aims to synthesize evidence in the literature on health advocacy in professional nursing practice. Methods An integrative review methodology guided by Whittemore and Knalf was used. Studies were identified by conducting searches on PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, and LILACS databases. Of 2179 records, 34 studies matched the inclusion criteria. Results The main aspects involved in the practice of health advocacy by professional nurses are related to the ethical principles of the nursing profession, such as protecting patients seeking autonomy and care. Furthermore, the practice of health advocacy by nurses requires an empathetic attitude, responsibility, and assertive communication. Conclusion The diverse possibilities for the practice of advocacy synthesized in this study allow nurses to approach and become familiarized with the topic, being able to acquire and complement knowledge that will reflect on their professional practice in different work environments such as the educational field, in hospital practice, or basic health care.
Study on Influences of Magnetic and Electric Conductive Slot Wedges on Parameters of Turbo-generators and Losses on Rotor Surface

The efficiency of the electric machinery could be generally improved when the magnetic slot wedge is used. Taking a 150 MW air-cooled turbo-generator as an example, a high strength Fe-Cu alloy wedge which is magnetic and electric conductive was embedded into the opening slot of the generator rotor instead of the usual aluminum alloy slot wedge. The mathematical model of 2D electromagnetic fields of this turbo-generator was established. Adopting the time-step finite-element method, the losses on the rotor surface with aluminum alloy and magnetic and electric conductive slot wedges were calculated respectively. Meanwhile, the additional loss distribution of the rotor surface and the iron loss value of the stator were also studied with these two different materials. The synchronous reactance values of the generators were also compared with different materials. The synchronous reactance decreases and the short-circuit ratio increases when the magnetic and electric conductive Fe-Cu alloy wedge was introduced in the rotor slot. Furthermore, the harmonic values of the air-gap are reduced. In addition, the strength of Fe-Cu alloy slot wedge material is better than that of the aluminum alloy slot wedge.
A case report of intractable pyoderma gangrenosum treated with negative-pressure wound therapy

5. Ling TC, Goulden V, Goodfield MJD. PUVA therapy in lichen aureus. J Am Acad Dermatol 2001; 45: 145-6. 6. Böhm M, Bonsmann G, Luger TA. Resolution of lichen aureus in a 10-year-old child after topical pimecrolimus. Br J Dermatol 2004; 151: 519-20. 7. Murota H, Katayama I. Lichen aureus responding to topical tacrolimus treatment. J Dermatol 2010; 38: 823-5. 8. Krizsa J, Hunyadi J, Dobozy A. PUVA treatment of pigmented purpuric lichenoid dermatitis (Gougerot-Blum). J Am Acad Dermatol 1992; 27: 778-80. 9. Hamawy MM. Molecular actions of calcineurin inhibitors. Drug News Perspect 2003; 16: 277-82.
The future of bariatric surgery research: A worldwide mapping of registered trials

The bariatric surgery (BS) research landscape is a continuous evolving. Since the first described procedure, numerous different techniques have been developed by surgical teams. In this context, we conducted a systematic mapping of upcoming randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in BS for people with obesity. In June 2021, we performed a systematic review of RCTs evaluating BS versus another surgical procedure or versus a medical control group, through a search in ClinicalTrials.gov. There was no restriction on outcomes for study selection. A total of 62 RCTs were included, totaling 10,800 potential individuals to be included, with planned Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy surgeries the most common. The median number of patients planned to be enrolled is 78 (IQR: 50–143). Mean follow‐up time is 12 months in 55% of trials and 4 years or more in 23%. The most frequent (81% of RCTs) outcomes to be investigated are obesity‐related diseases with the study of type 2 diabetes, followed by weight loss, quality of life, and surgical complications. The rising number of BS procedures around the world has been followed by a subsequent surge in BS research. An increase in interest is observed in outcomes such as obesity‐related diseases, intermediate metabolic markers, quality of life, and body composition.
Long-Term Time Series Forecasting and Updates on Survival Analysis of Glioblastoma Multiforme: A 1975–2018 Population-Based Study

Objective: Glioblastomas multiforme (GBMs) are the most common primary CNS tumors. Epidemiologic studies have investigated the effect of demographics on patient survival, but the literature remains inconclusive. Methods: This study included all adult patients with intracranial GBMs reported in the surveillance epidemiology and end results (SEER)-9 population database (1975–2018). The sample consisted of 32,746 unique entries. We forecast the annual GBM incidence in the US population through the year 2060 using time series analysis with autoregressive moving averages. A survival analysis of the GBM-specific time to death was also performed. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards (PH) regression revealed frank violations of the PH assumption for multiple covariates. Parametric models best described the GBM population’s survival pattern; the results were compared to the semi-parametric analysis and the published literature. Results: We predicted an increasing GBM incidence, which demonstrated that by the year 2060, over 1,800 cases will be reported annually in the SEER. All eight demographic variables were significant in the univariable analysis. The calendar year 2005 was the cutoff associated with an increased survival probability. A male survival benefit was eliminated in the year-adjusted Cox. Infratentorial tumors, nonmetropolitan areas, and White patient race were the factors erroneously associated with survival in the multivariate Cox analysis. Accelerated Failure Time (AFT) lognormal regression was the best model to describe the survival pattern in our patient population, identifying age >30 years old as a poor prognostic and patients >70 years old as having the worst survival. Annual income >USD 75,000 and supratentorial tumors had good prognostics, while surgical intervention provided the strongest survival benefit. Conclusions: Annual GBM incidence rates will continue to increase by almost 50% in the upcoming 30 years. Cox regression analysis should not be utilized for time-to-event predictions in GBM survival statistics. AFT lognormal distribution best describes the GBM-specific survival pattern, and as an inherent population characteristic, it should be implemented by researchers for future studies. Surgical intervention provides the strongest survival benefit, while patient age >70 years old is the worst prognostic. Based on our study, the demographics such as gender, race, and county type should not be considered as meaningful prognostics when designing future trials.
Posterior scleral contraction to treat myopic traction maculopathy at different stages.

OBJECTIVE We aimed to evaluate anatomical and functional outcomes and determine posterior scleral contraction (PSC) timing in treating myopic traction maculopathy (MTM). METHODS This is a retrospective study of MTM patients undergoing PSC with genipin cross-linked strip at a single hospital site. Differences in demographic and clinical characteristics were compared among three groups defined by the MTM staging system. All patients were followed up for at least one year postoperatively. The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), macular hole diameter, axial length (AL), optical coherence tomography findings, and the complications were evaluated. Additionally, regression analyses were performed to account for confounders. RESULTS Sixty-one MTM patients (24 eyes at stage 2, 22 eyes at stage 3, and 18 eyes at stage 4) were included. The macular holes were closed in 16 eyes (66.7%), 13 eyes (59.0%), and 11 eyes (61.1%) at stage 2, stage 3, and stage 4, respectively. PSC improved the BCVA in patients at each stage (all P < 0.05). Postoperative BCVA at stage 2 was significantly better than that at stage 4 (P = 0.0069). Preoperative BCVA was associated with postoperative BCVA (P < 0.001). Preoperative AL (OR 0.676, 95% CI 0.480 to 0.951, P = 0.025), AL shortening amount (OR 5.129, 95% CI 1.974 to 13.327, P = 0.001) and macular hole diameter (OR 1.003, 95% CI 1.000 to 1.006, P = 0.030) were associated with macular hole closure. CONCLUSIONS PSC is safe and effective in treating MTM at different stages. Early PSC intervention will have more significant visual benefits.
Real-time modeling and feature extraction method of surface electromyography signal for hand movement classification based on oscillatory theory

Objective. Research of surface electromyography (sEMG) signal modeling and feature extraction is important in human motion intention recognition, prosthesis and exoskeleton robots. However, the existing methods mostly use the signal segmentation processing method rather than the point-to-point signal processing method, and lack physiological mechanism support. Approach. In this study, a real-time sEMG signal modeling and separation method is developed based on oscillatory theory. On this basis, an sEMG signal feature extraction method is constructed, and an ensemble learning method is combined to achieve real-time human hand motion intention recognition. Main results. The experimental results show that the average root mean square difference value of the sEMG signal modeling is 0.3838 ± 0.0591, and the average accuracy of human hand motion intention recognition is 96.03 ± 1.74%. On a computer with Intel (R) Core (TM) i5-8250U CPU running Matlab 2016Rb, the execution time for the sEMG signal with an actual duration of 2 s is 0.66 s. Significance. Compared with several existing methods, the proposed method has better modeling accuracy, motion intention recognition accuracy and real-time performance. The method developed in this study may provide a new perspective on sEMG modeling and feature extraction for hand movement classification.
Receptor tyrosine kinase MET ligand-interaction classified via machine learning from single-particle tracking data

Internalin B–mediated activation of the membrane-bound receptor tyrosine kinase MET is accompanied by a change in receptor mobility. Conversely, it should be possible to infer from receptor mobility whether a cell has been treated with internalin B. Here, we propose a method based on hidden Markov modeling and explainable artificial intelligence that machine-learns the key differences in MET mobility between internalin B–treated and –untreated cells from single-particle tracking data. Our method assigns receptor mobility to three diffusion modes (immobile, slow, and fast). It discriminates between internalin B–treated and –untreated cells with a balanced accuracy of >99% and identifies three parameters that are most affected by internalin B treatment: a decrease in the mobility of slow molecules (1) and a depopulation of the fast mode (2) caused by an increased transition of fast molecules to the slow mode (3). Our approach is based entirely on free software and is readily applicable to the analysis of other membrane receptors.
A Flexible Memristor Model With Electronic Resistive Switching Memory Behavior and Its Application in Spiking Neural Network

Memristive technologies are attractive due to their non-volatility, high-density, low-power and compatibility with CMOS. For memristive devices, a model corresponding to practical behavioral characteristics is highly favorable for the realization of its neuromorphic system and applications. This paper presents a novel flexible memristor model with electronic resistive switching memory behavior. Firstly, the Ag-Au<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$/$ </tex-math></inline-formula>MoSe2-doped Se<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$/$ </tex-math></inline-formula>Au-Ag memristor is prepared using hydrothermal synthesis method and magnetron sputtering method, and its performance test is conducted on an electrochemical workstation. Then, the mathematical model and SPICE circuit model of the Ag-Au<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$/$ </tex-math></inline-formula>MoSe2-doped Se<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$/$ </tex-math></inline-formula>Au-Ag memristor are constructed. The model accuracy is verified by using the electrochemical data derived from the performance test. Furthermore, the proposed model is applied to the circuit implementation of spiking neural network with biological mechanism. Finally, computer simulations and analysis are carried out to verify the validity and effectiveness of the entire scheme.
Cognitive Outcome 1 Year After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Background and Objectives The objectives of this study were to develop and establish concurrent validity of a clinically relevant definition of poor cognitive outcome 1 year after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), to compare baseline characteristics across cognitive outcome groups, and to determine whether poor 1-year cognitive outcome can be predicted by routinely available baseline clinical variables. Methods Prospective cohort study included 656 participants ≥17 years of age presenting to level 1 trauma centers within 24 hours of mTBI (Glasgow Coma Scale score 13–15) and 156 demographically similar healthy controls enrolled in the Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in TBI (TRACK-TBI) study. Poor 1-year cognitive outcome was defined as cognitive impairment (below the ninth percentile of normative data on ≥2 cognitive tests), cognitive decline (change score [1-year score minus best 2-week or 6-month score] exceeding the 90% reliable change index on ≥2 cognitive tests), or both. Associations of poor 1-year cognitive outcome with 1-year neurobehavioral outcomes were performed to establish concurrent validity. Baseline characteristics were compared across cognitive outcome groups, and backward elimination logistic regression was used to build a prediction model. Results Mean age of participants with mTBI was 40.2 years; 36.6% were female; 76.6% were White. Poor 1-year cognitive outcome was associated with worse 1-year functional outcome, more neurobehavioral symptoms, greater psychological distress, and lower satisfaction with life (all p < 0.05), establishing concurrent validity. At 1 year, 13.5% of participants with mTBI had a poor cognitive outcome vs 4.5% of controls (p = 0.003). In univariable analyses, poor 1-year cognitive outcome was associated with non-White race, lower education, lower income, lack of health insurance, hyperglycemia, preinjury depression, and greater injury severity (all p < 0.05). The final multivariable prediction model included education, health insurance, preinjury depression, hyperglycemia, and Rotterdam CT score ≥3 and achieved an area under the curve of 0.69 (95% CI 0.62–0.75) for the prediction of a poor 1-year cognitive outcome, with each variable associated with >2-fold increased odds of poor 1-year cognitive outcome. Discussion Poor 1-year cognitive outcome is common, affecting 13.5% of patients with mTBI vs 4.5% of controls. These results highlight the need for better understanding of mechanisms underlying poor cognitive outcome after mTBI to inform interventions to optimize cognitive recovery.
Spatial transcriptomics of dorsal root ganglia identifies molecular signatures of human nociceptors

Nociceptors are specialized sensory neurons that detect damaging or potentially damaging stimuli and are found in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and trigeminal ganglia. These neurons are critical for the generation of neuronal signals that ultimately create the perception of pain. Nociceptors are also primary targets for treating acute and chronic pain. Single-cell transcriptomics on mouse nociceptors has transformed our understanding of pain mechanisms. We sought to generate equivalent information for human nociceptors with the goal of identifying transcriptomic signatures of nociceptors, identifying species differences and potential drug targets. We used spatial transcriptomics to molecularly characterize transcriptomes of single DRG neurons from eight organ donors. We identified 12 clusters of human sensory neurons, 5 of which are C nociceptors, as well as 1 C low-threshold mechanoreceptors (LTMRs), 1 Aβ nociceptor, 2 Aδ, 2 Aβ, and 1 proprioceptor subtypes. By focusing on expression profiles for ion channels, G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs), and other pharmacological targets, we provided a rich map of potential drug targets in the human DRG with direct comparison to mouse sensory neuron transcriptomes. We also compared human DRG neuronal subtypes to nonhuman primates showing conserved patterns of gene expression among many cell types but divergence among specific nociceptor subsets. Last, we identified sex differences in human DRG subpopulation transcriptomes, including a marked increase in calcitonin-related polypeptide alpha (CALCA) expression in female pruritogen receptor–enriched nociceptors. This comprehensive spatial characterization of human nociceptors might open the door to development of better treatments for acute and chronic pain disorders. Description Spatial transcriptomics of human sensory neurons identifies species homology and divergence in many genes including potential drug targets. Mapping human nociceptors A deep understanding of the mechanisms mediating acute and chronic pain in humans requires a detailed knowledge of nociceptors, specialized sensory neurons located in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and trigeminal ganglia, expressing a broad variety of stimuli-sensitive receptors. In this study, Tavares-Ferreira et al. performed spatial single-cell transcriptomics in human DRG neurons and compared the results with similar analysis in rodents and nonhuman primates. The authors identified important gender- and species-dependent differences and described potential pharmacological targets that could be tested in preclinical settings. These spatial transcriptomic data will be useful for understanding the biology of acute and chronic pain and for developing effective treatment targeting human-specific pain mechanisms.
A broader view on deriving a reference dose for THC traces in foods

Abstract An Acute Reference Dose (ARfD) of 1 µg of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) per kilogram (kg) of body weight (bw) per day was recommended by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) for its assessment of possible acute health risks from the intake of industrial hemp food products. The scientific basis for this opinion, such as their choice of a Point of Departure for identification of the Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level (LOAEL) for THC on the central nervous system, and the seeming absence of an experimental No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL), is critically reviewed. Moreover, the risk assessment for an ARfD derivation for THC is then reconsidered. In contrast to the EFSA Scientific Opinion of 2015, a higher LOAEL is presently identified from pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies, and forensic data, in representative cohorts of healthy humans after oral administrations of low THC doses. A NOAEL for THC is derived through this combination of results, demonstrating a threshold for impairment of psychomotor function only after intake of an oral THC bolus beyond 2.5 mg for the average healthy adult. This 2.5 mg dose produces mean THC blood serum levels of <2 ng/mL, as well as do two doses when taken daily within a time interval of ≥6 h. The forensic threshold of THC that is correlated with the impairment of psychomotor function is known to be between 2 and 5 ng/mL in blood serum for adults. For an appropriately spaced intake of 2 × 2.5 mg THC per day, an adult can therefore be regarded as being at the NOAEL. Applying a default uncertainty factor of 10 for intraspecies variability to a NOAEL of 2 × 2.5 mg (over ≥6 hours) for THC, yields a “daily dose of no concern” or a “tolerable upper intake level” of 0.50 mg, corresponding to 7 µg/kg bw. Starting with a NOAEL of only 2.5 mg, consumed as a single bolus, the lowest possible daily ARfD of THC would therefore be 0.25 mg, or 3.5 µg/kg bw for healthy adults, as the absolutely most conservative estimate. Other justifiable estimates have ranged up to 14 µg/kg bw per day.