Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On behalf of the Scientific Committee of the European Conference on Brain Stimulation in Psychiatry

7. Depressive Disorders Anna-Katharine Brem1,2, Chris Baeken3,4,5, Martijn Arns6,7, Andre R. Brunoni8, Igor Filipčcić9,10, Ana Ganho-Ávila11, Berthold Langguth12, Soili M. Lehto13-16, Frank Padberg17, Emmanuel Poulet18, Fady Rachid19, Alexander T. Sack20, Marie-Anne Vanderhasselt21, Djamila Bennabi22 On behalf of the Scientific Committee of the European Conference on Brain Stimulation in Psychiatry
Soil Organic Carbon Storage in China

Soil organic carbon (SOC) storage under different types of vegetations in China were estimated using measured data of 2 440 soil profiles to compare SOC density distribution between different estimates, to map the soil organic carbon stocks under different types of vegetation in China, and to analyze the relationships between soil organic carbon stocks and environmental variables using stepwise regression analyses. Soil organic carbon storage in China was estimated at 69.38 Gt (10 15 g). There was a big difference in SOC densities for various vegetation types, with SOC distribution closely related to climatic patterns in general. Stepwise regression analyses of SOC against environmental variables showed that SOC generally increased with increasing precipitation and elevation, while it decreased with increasing temperature.Furthermore, the important factor controlling SOC accumulation for forests was elevation, while for temperate steppes mean annual temperature dominated. The more specific the vegetation type used in the regression analysis, the greater was the effect of environmental variables on SOC. However, compared to native vegetation, cultivation activities in the croplands reduced the influence of environmental variables on SOC.
Monitoring and Evaluation of the Tanzania National Voucher Scheme: Report on 2007 TanzanianNational Voucher Scheme Household, Facility services and Facility users surveys (a comparison across three survey years)

The 2007 Tanzanian National Voucher Scheme (TNVS) household, facility and facility users’ survey addressed indicators falling into four main domains: (1) bednet ownership and use; (2) nets and insecticide retreatment; (3) Reproductive and child health (RCH) indicators; (4)voucher processes. The results across 21 districts are representative of Tanzania mainland. Due to the multiple bednet treatment options available in Tanzania during the study period an insecticide treated bednet has been redefined to “effectively treated bednet” which includes both recently treated nets with conventional insecticide and nets with long lasting treatment.
The Interannual Variations of Summer Precipitation in the Northern Indian Ocean Associated with ENSO

Abstract Using rainfall data from the Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP), NOAA extended reconstruction sea surface temperature (ERSST), and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis, this study investigates the interannual variation of summer rainfall southwest of the Indian Peninsula and the northeastern Bay of Bengal associated with ENSO. The composite study indicates a decreased summer rainfall southwest of the Indian Peninsula and an increase in the northeastern Bay of Bengal during the developing phase, but vice versa during the decay phase of El Niño. Further regression analysis demonstrates that abnormal rainfall in the above two regions is controlled by different mechanisms. Southwest of the Indian Peninsula, the precipitation anomaly is related to local convection and water vapor flux in the decay phase of El Niño. The anomalous cyclone circulation at the lower troposphere helps strengthen rainfall. In the north-eastern Bay of Bengal, the anomalous rainfall depends on the strength of the Indian southwest summer monsoon (ISSM). A strong/weak ISSM in the developing/decay phase of El Niño can bring more/less water vapor to strengthen/weaken the local summer precipitation.
What limits and how to improve water use efficiency in outdoor container cultivation of ornamental nursery stocks.

Around the town of Pistoia (Tuscany, Italy) there is the most important centre in Europe for the cultivation of landscaping ornamentals, which typically require plenty of nutrients and water. Unfortunately, in these crops water use efficiency (WUE) is low as a consequence of over-irrigation, also due to the practice to place different plant species in the same cultivation plot, which results in the tendency to regulate irrigation on the basis of the most water demanding crop. This paper discusses how to improve WUE in outdoor container crops on the basis of an experiment conducted by simulating the cultivation of different ornamental species (Forsythia intermedia, Photinia × fraseri, Prunus laurocerasus and Viburnum tinus) in the same irrigation plot with the objective of: i) estimating the intra- and inter-specific variability in crop evapotranspiration (ET); ii) assessing water use and runoff in plot with irrigation controlled by a tensiometer placed in a reference plant (Prunus); iii) developing a simple model for ET based on plant height and reference ET. The main conclusion is that, compared to the traditional timer-based irrigation scheduling, substrate moisture sensor (SMS) can improve WUE of container crops even in nurseries characterized by a large inter-pot variability in ET as a consequence of the accustomed practice to place different crops in the same irrigation sectors. Due to the high number of irrigation plots in commercial nurseries, plenty of sensors must be installed and therefore it is crucial to design a cheap and low-maintenance SMS and a user-friendly irrigation control system based on a network of wireless sensors.
TU Dublin ARROW@TU Dublin

Micro renewable energy systems (MRES) such as Photovoltaic (PV) are an increasingly important element of National energy strategies. However, the success of these installations has given rise to a positive feedback cycle whereby increased customer adoption results in reduced demand from Utility providers. This leads to price increases and further incentives customers to adopt MRES. This paper investigates the existence of a positive feedback cycle by developing a theoretical model based on simultaneous equations and estimating it using the three stage least squares approach using data from the UK, Australian and Irish Markets. Results indicate strong support for the idea of a positive feedback cycle. This reinforces the need for stakeholders to consider this issue in framing future energy policies to ensure that the adoption of solar PV is supported in a sustainable way, while not punishing non-adopters with higher electricity rates.
University of Birmingham Smart-Guard

—Trusted input techniques can profoundly enhance a variety of scenarios like online banking, electronic voting, Virtual Private Networks, and even commands to a server or Industrial Control System. To protect the system from malware of the sender’s computer, input needs to be reliably authenticated. Previous research in this ﬁeld is based on ﬁxed assumptions about trustworthy components and is, thus, too rigid for this use case. We present Smart-Guard, a method to protect user input into a system even if the attacker controls – to us unknown – parts of the underlying system. Our approach ensures integrity of user input even when up to two of three devices are compromised; conﬁdentiality holds for one malicious device. In this way, Smart-Guard has ﬂexible trust assumptions, and does not require any particular part of the system to be trusted. To prove our claims, we formally veriﬁed our protocol using the state-of-the-art protocol veriﬁer ProVerif. Additionally, we deﬁne a new class of techniques, malware tolerance , which operate securely even when the system is infected with malware.
Xây dựng quy trình phân tích kiểm tra chất lượng dược chất phóng xạ 18 F-Choline

: 18 Fluoromethylcholine ( 18 F-Choline, 18 F-FCH) has been produced using a home-made automatic synthesiser at 30 MeV Cyclotron Centre, 108 Military Central Hospital. In order to be licensed using for patients, the 18 F-FCH radiopharmaceutical needs to meet the required quality specifications listed in the pharmacopeia. The objective of this study was to build up the analytical procedure and to perform for the 18 F-FCH quality control followed the EuPh2017 pharmacopeia for the PET radiopharmaceutical. The result obtained confirmed that the total time to complete the test of one sample of the 18 F-FCH was less than 35 min. Identifications of 18 F-FCH, radiochemical purity, and 18 F content were determined with accuracy >96% by High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method and content of residual solvents consists of Ethanol, Acetonitrile, Dibromomethane, Dimethylethanolamine were determined with the accuracy >97% by Gas chromatography (GC) method.
Effect of L-Methionine and L-Lysine HCL supplementation in minimum standard feed requirements on the performance of KUB (Kampung Unggul Balitbangtan) chickens

This study will determine the effect of supplementing L-methionine, and L-lysine HCl to a minimum diet based on KUB (Kampung Unggul Balitbangtan) chickens standards body weight, weight gain, and Feed Conversion Ratio of KUB chicken at the grower phase. A total of 240 Eight weeks-old KUB chickens were used in this study. The KUB chickens were divided into 3 treatments with 4 replications. The dietary treatments were: R0 (ration based on minimum diet standard), R1 (ration based on minimum diet standard + 0.25% L-Methionine+ 0.25% L-Lysine HCl), R2 (ration based on minimum diet standard + 0.5% L- Methionine + 0.5% L-Lysine HCl). The data collected were body weight, weight gain, and feed conversion ratio of KUB chickens aged 8 weeks. The result of this study for R0, R1 and R2 showed that body weight of chickens were 516.25+34.07a; 519.75+31.25a; 502+47.45bg/bird, weights gain were451.58+39.54a; 443.08+35.74ab; 424.83+57.73bg/birds and feed conversion ratio were3.76+0.31a; 3.83+0.29a; 4.05+0.63brespectively. The results showed that supplementation of L-Methionine and L-Lysine HCl using minimum diet standard gave no significant effect (P<0.05) on body weight, weight gain, and Feed Conversion. The result concluded that supplementing 0.25% to 0.5% L-methionine and l-lysine HCl did not increase body weight and weight gain and did not affect the Feed Conversion of KUB chickens. Furthermore, the minimum diet standard for KUB chicken already has a basic diet requirement. We suggested not adding the combination of L-Methionine (0.25% to 0.5%) and L-Lysine HCl (0.25% to 0.5%) in the minimum diet standard KUB chicken.
Boating Recreation in Oregon : Economic Importance, Trends and Implications for the Future

The lakes, rivers, and coastal waters of Oregon have long provided the state's residents and visitors with unique recreational boating environs and opportunities. However, this popular activity represents more than a form of recreation: boating is an important component ofthe Oregon economy. Each year, boaters spend millions of dollars in association with boating activities and this spending impacts the state economy by generating revenue for businesses and by providing income and employment for individuals. Furthermore, recreational boating activity in Oregon has continued to increase over a period of decades, suggesting that the associated economic impacts have also grown in magnitude. In 1996, a study was conducted by the Oregon State Marine Board, Oregon Sea Grant, and Oregon State University to assess the economic impact ofboating recreation activities in Oregon. The purpose of this assessment was to provide legislators and policy makers with information that could be used to@iihanceeff~cH~cle~isi9iP making at the legislative and administrative level of state government. Several methodologies were utilized to gather data on boater expenditure patterns and use-levels. These data were subsequently combined to generate estimates of total spending by boaters. Additionally, where sufficient data were available, an economic input-output model was used to estimate resultant economic impacts, including personal income generated and employment. The results of this study suggest that annual boater expenditures are associated with the generation of hundreds of millions of personal income dollars and thousands of employment positions.
Influence of laser correction of presbyopia using the Presbyond® Laser Blended Vision (LBV) method on the contrast sensitivity

Presbyond® Laser Blended Vision (LBV) method, based on the FemtoLASIK technique, is currently the most frequently performed laser refractive procedure to correct presbyopia. This method involves the non-linear aspheric ablation of the cornea with controlled induction of spherical aberrations in both eyes and the induction of micromonovision of -0.75 to -1.50 D in the non-dominant eye. The article presents the results of published studies analyzing the effect of laser correction of presbyopia using the Presbyond® LBV method on the contrast sensitivity. The studies published so far indicate that the Presbyond® LBV treatment does not significantly affect contrast sensitivity.
Questioni di Economia e Finanza

This study provides a first assessment of Italian banks’ exposure to physical risk arising from climate change in relation to lending to non-financial corporates. Based on granular data on loans and on the likelihood of climate-related events, we quantify to what extent physical risk could impair the loan portfolios both by lowering borrowers’ capacity to pay and by decreasing the value of collateral. The analysis shows that Italian banks' exposure to physical risk is limited overall. In general, only a few small intermediaries seem to face severe potential exposure to physical risk. More than half of the risky loans are secured by collateral. However, there is a large overlap between the location of the debtor companies and the real estate collateral offered as a guarantee. Hence, the exposure through loans is highly correlated with the exposure through collateral, leading to a potential positive correlation between the probability of default (PD) and the loss given default (LGD) of exposures in the event that climate risk materializes.
Stochastic invariance for neutral functional differential equation with non-lipschitz coefficients

In this paper, by the use of martingale property and spectral decomposition theory, we investigate the stochastic invariance for neutral stochastic functional differential equations (NSFDEs) and provide necessary and sufficient conditions for the invariance of closed sets of \begin{document}$ R^{d} $\end{document} with non-Lipschitz coefficients. A pathwise asymptotic estimate example is given to illustrate the feasibility and effectiveness of obtained result.
Measuring Active Purchasing in Healthcare: Analysing Reallocations of Funds Between Providers to Evaluate Purchasing Systems Performance in the Netherlands

Background: Purchasing systems aim to improve resource allocation in healthcare markets. The Netherlands is characterized by four different purchasing systems: managed competition in the hospital market, a non-competitive single payer system for long-term care (LTC), municipal procurement for home care and social services, and self-procurement via personal budgets. We hypothesize that managed competition and competitive payer reforms boost reallocations of provider market share by means of active purchasing, ie, redistributing funds from high-quality providers to low-quality providers. Methods: We define a Market Activity Index (MAI) as the sum of funds reallocated between providers annually. Provider expenditures are extracted from provider financial statements between 2006 and 2019. We compare MAI in six healthcare sectors under four different purchasing systems, adjusting for reforms, and market entry/exit. Next, we perform in-depth analyses on the hospital market. Using multivariate linear regressions, we relate reallocations to selective contracting, provider quality, and market characteristics. Results: No difference was found between reallocations in the hospital care market under managed competition and the non-competitive single payer LTC (MAI between 2% and 3%), while MAI was markedly higher under procurement by municipalities and personal budget holders (between 5% and 15%). While competitive reforms temporarily increased MAI, no structural effects were found. Relatively low hospital MAI could not be explained by market characteristics. Furthermore, the extent of selective contracting or hospital quality differences had no significant effects on reallocations of funds. Conclusion: Dutch managed competition and competitive purchaser reforms had no discernible effect on reallocations of funds between providers. This casts doubt on the mechanisms advocated by managed competition and active purchasing to improve allocative efficiency.
A CORRELATION BETWEEN INTRAVESICLE PROSTATIC PROTRUSION AND PROSTATE VOLUME IN PATIENTS PRESENTING WITH ACUTE URINARY RETENTION – A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY

Objective: The aim of the study was to study the prevalence of significant intravesical prostatic protrusion (IPP) in patients presenting with acute urinary retention (AUR) due to benign prostatic hyperplasia and to study the correlation between IPP and prostatic volume. Methods: Forty men between 45 and 85 years of age, who presented with AUR. Initial assessment included detailed clinical history, International Prostate Symptom Score, and Quality of Life assessments, and a transabdominal ultrasonogram to measure Prostate Volume (PV) and IPP. IPP is measured by drawing a line corresponding to bladder base on a sagittal view and perpendicularly measuring the distance from the bladder base to the greatest protrusion of the prostate into the bladder. Patients with IPP >10 mm were taken to have significant IPP and those ≤10 mm were taken to be insignificant. Statistical analysis included descriptive analysis and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Results: Of the 40 patients in our study with resented with AUR, 21 patients (52.5%) had significant IPP. Mean IPP was 11.3 mm with a standard deviation of 5.49 mm. All patients with significant IPP had a severe IPPS grade. IPP had a statistically significant correlation with PV. Conclusion: The IPP assessed by transabdominal ultrasound can be used to direct appropriate patients to more aggressive treatment strategies like surgery.
Neurodegenerative Diseases and Phytochemicals

Neurodegeneration is defined as the progressive loss of neurons, either structurally or functionally. Alzheimer’s (AD), Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), Huntington’s (HD), and Parkinson’s (PD) are the most important neurodegenerative diseases. Genetic factors, amyloid plaque formation, neurofibrillary tangles, mitochondrial dysfunction, and trauma are all factors involved in the etiopathogenesis of these diseases. Additionally, it has been suggested that neurodegenerative diseases are most likely associated with oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. Various studies have shown that phytochemicals found in fruits, vegetables, nuts, oil seeds, and whole grains have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic mechanisms of action. Phytochemicals may exert neuroprotective effects through these mechanisms, thus contributing to slowing the progression of diseases. In this review, the effects of phytochemicals with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects on neurodegenerative diseases were investigated.
Diophantine Analysis on Moduli of Local Systems

We develop a Diophantine analysis on moduli of special linear rank two local systems over surfaces with prescribed boundary traces. We first show that such a moduli space is a log Calabi-Yau variety if the surface has nonempty boundary, and relate this property to a symmetry of generating series for combinatorial counts of essential multicurves on surfaces. We establish the finiteness of “class numbers” for integral orbits of mapping class group dynamics on the moduli space, generalizing a classical Diophantine work of Markoff. We also derive effective finiteness results for integral points of algebraic curves on the moduli space, as well as a structure theorem for morphisms from the affine line into the moduli space. As part of our work, we establish boundedness theorems for archimedean and nonarchimedean systoles of local systems. Finally, we give a complete classification of the finite orbits of the mapping class group on the moduli space, for surfaces of positive genus.
Applications of branching processes to cancer evolution and initiation

There is a growing appreciation for the insight mathematical models can yield on biological systems. In particular, due to the challenges inherent in experimental observation of disease progression, models describing the genesis, growth and evolution of cancer have been developed. Many of these models possess the common feature that one particular type of cellular population initiates a further, distinct population. This thesis explores two models containing this feature, which also employ branching processes to describe population growth. Firstly, we consider a deterministically growing wild type population which seeds stochastically developing mutant clones. This generalises the classic LuriaDelbrück model of bacterial evolution. We focus on how differing wild type growth manifests itself in the distribution of clone sizes. In our main result we prove that for a large class of wild type growth, the long-time limit of the clone size distribution has a general two-parameter form, whose tail decays as a powerlaw. In the second model, we consider a fully stochastic system of cells in a growing population that can undergo birth, death and transitions. New cellular types appear via transitions, examples of which are genetic mutations or migrations bringing cells into a new environment. We concentrate on the scenario where the original cell type has the largest net growth rate, which is relevant for modelling drug resistance, due to fitness costs of resistance, or cells migrating into contact with a toxin. Two questions are considered in our main results. First, how long do we wait until a cell with a specific target type, an arbitrary number of transitions from the original population, exists. Second, which particular sequence of transitions initiated the target population. In the limit of small final transition rates, simple, explicit formulas are given to answer these questions.
Modification of directivity curves for a rocket noise model

The spatial extent and downstream origin of rocket noise sources can significantly impact the physical interpretation of directivity index measurements. Valuable updates to historical rocket noise directivity indices, based on recent measurements of Space Shuttle reusable solid rocket motor (RSRM) boosters have been published by Haynes and Kenny (AIAA paper 2009-3160). However, measurements at a radial distance of 80 nozzle diameters from the RSRM nozzle exit plane are insufficient to be called the far field at low frequencies and thus require modification to the apparent source origin prior to their use in the empirical sound pressure level prediction methodologies, such as described in NASA SP-8072 (1971). In this analysis, estimates of plume source sound power level as a function of distance along the plume axis are combined with frequency-dependent, far field directivity indices to predict sound pressure level as a function of angle and range. With geometric modifications in place, the predicted overa.