Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The combination of accent method and phonemic contrast: an innovative strategy to improve speech production on post-stroke dysarthria

Introduction Speech production includes segmental and suprasegmental features, which interact and cooperate with each other. Impaired speech production is common in individuals with post-stroke dysarthria. The commonly used phonemic contrast therapy and Accent Method in clinical practice can improve the segmental and suprasegmental aspects, respectively. This study aimed to explore the feasibility and immediate effectiveness of the combination of specific rhythm patterns of the Accent Method and phonemic contrast on speech production. Methods Fifteen poststroke dysarthria patients (12 males and three females) first received accentuation task of three rhythm patterns (Largo-slow, Andante-medium, Allegro-fast) and later received speech task in appropriate rhythm patterns combined with phonemic contrast materials and non-phonemic contrast materials. Speech parameters were analyzed by considering speech clarity and prosody. Results The results showed that the number of correct target syllables, sentence clarity, and standard deviation of intensity increased significantly, and the average length of pauses and abnormal pause times decreased significantly in Andante (medium) compared to other rhythms. The number of correct target syllables, sentence clarity, and standard deviation of intensity increased significantly compared with those in the non-phonemic contrast in Andante (medium). Conclusion The combination of phonemic contrast and Accent Method was verified to have an immediate effect on speech production in Mandarin speakers with post-stroke dysarthria and could be further validated in other diseases with impaired speech production in the clinic in the future.
Development of models and analysis of temperature fields of new energy-saving enclosing structures with an air layer

The author of the article propose new models of energy-saving envelope structures with air interlayers. To calculate the temperature fields in the enclosing structures they used the finite element modeling method in ANSYS environment. The authors analyzed the temperature fields at different variants of the outdoor temperature index. To calculate the temperature field in the envelope was used finite element model of the envelope, in which the influence of the ventilated air layer is replaced by the Convection type boundary condition with the temperature value. The result of the study is the analysis of temperature fields of new models of enclosures in different variants. So when analyzing the values of thermal resistance of traditional (scheme-1) and developed envelope structures (schemes 2-4) it was found that the thermal resistance of scheme-2 relative to the traditional scheme-1 value of thermal resistance at minimum temperature is 6.2 % higher. The authors also calculated by analogy the thermal resistance index at maximum temperature (4.5 %), at five days (5.8 %) and for the month of April (5.7 %). The analysis showed that scheme-2 is the most efficient of the new envelope schemes considered. In the comparative analysis of schemes - 3,4 with traditional scheme-1, the value of thermal resistance showed a negative effect. The authors determined that the temperature field is insignificantly different when using horizontal and vertical closed channels. The developed new energy-saving designs of external enclosure with air layer can be used in the design and construction of buildings, as well as in the teaching of relevant disciplines in universities.
Effects of Temperature, Axial Ligand, and Photoexcitation on the Structure and Spin-State of Nickel(II) Complexes with Water-Soluble 5,10,15,20-Tetrakis(1-methylpyridinium-4-yl)porphyrin

Water-soluble metalloporphyrins, depending on the metal center, possess special spectral, coordination, and photochemical features. In nickel(II) porphyrins, the Ni(II) center can occur with low-spin or high-spin electronic configuration. In aqueous solution, the cationic nickel(II) complex (Ni(II)TMPyP4+, where H2TMPyP4+ = 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(1-methylpyridinium-4-yl)porphyrin), exists in both forms in equilibrium. In this study, an equilibrium system involving the low-spin and high-spin forms of Ni(II)TMPyP4+ was investigated via application of irradiation, temperature change, and various potential axial ligands. Soret band excitation of this aqueous system, in the absence of additional axial ligands, resulted in a shift in the equilibrium toward the low-spin species due to the removal of axial solvent ligands. The kinetics and the thermodynamics of the processes were also studied via determination of the rate and equilibrium constants, as well as the ΔS, ΔH, and ΔG values. Temperature increase had a similar effect. The equilibrium of the spin isomers was also shifted by decreasing the solvent polarity (using n-propanol) as well as by the addition of a stronger coordinating axial ligand (such as ammonia). Since triethanolamine is an efficient electron donor in Ni(II)TMPyP4+-based photocatalytic systems, its interaction with this metalloporphyin was also studied. The results promote the development of efficient photocatalytic systems based on this complex.
Regional and Interannual Comparisons of Marine Stratocumulus Precipitation.

FREY, MARGARET LOUISE. Regional and Interannual Comparisons of Marine Stratocumulus Precipitation. (Under the direction of Sandra E. Yuter). Marine stratocumulus clouds are a ubiquitous feature of subtropical marine boundary layers. These clouds form in the atmospheric boundary layer above oceanic upwelling zones off the western coasts of continents. These low-lying, high albedo clouds are a key component in the global radiation budget but are poorly parameterized in global climate models. Precipitation, in the form of drizzle, is known to incite changes in cloud fraction and hence alter the radiative properties of a particular cloud sheet. This work is the first to combine an examination of marine stratocumulus diurnal and interannual variability of drizzle occurrence with a comparison among the three main marine stratocumulus geographic regions – the Southeast Pacific (SEP), the Northeast Pacific (NEP), and the Southeast Atlantic (SEA). Passive microwave measurements, from the Advanced Microwave Scanning RadiometerEOS (AMSR-E) 89 GHz channel, are used in tandem with sea surface temperature and integrated water vapor data as input to an empirical algorithm that yields a binary heavy drizzle (liquid water path > 200 g m 2 ) detection product. The entire period of AMSR-E availability (2002-2011) is exploited to analyze precipitation frequency and interannual variability. The SEP is the only region where seasonal drizzle frequency reaches 30% during the season with lower-tropospheric static stability maxima (Sept.,Oct., Nov.). All regions exhibit interannual variability and a strong diurnal cycle. Seasonal sea surface temperature and cloud droplet number concentrations are compared to drizzle occurrence frequency in each region of interest. The environmental controls on marine stratocumulus drizzle are complex and numerous; high cloud droplet number concentrations(> 130 cm -3 ) near the western coasts of continents limit cloud droplet growth and reduce the probability of heavy drizzle. Further from the coast, boundary layer depth increases as sea surface temperatures increase and the probability of heavy drizzle increases. During the strong negative (cool) La Nina of 2010 nighttime precipitation is maximized in the SEP and NEP. © Copyright 2013 by Margaret Louise Frey All Rights Reserved Regional and Interannual Comparisons of Marine Stratocumulus Precipitation by Margaret Louise Frey A thesis submitted to the Graduate Faculty of North Carolina State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Marine, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Raleigh, North Carolina 2013
Vaccines to Treat Substance Use Disorders: Current Status and Future Directions

Addiction, particularly in relation to psychostimulants and opioids, persists as a global health crisis with profound social and economic ramifications. Traditional interventions, including medications and behavioral therapies, often encounter limited success due to the chronic and relapsing nature of addictive disorders. Consequently, there is significant interest in the development of innovative therapeutics to counteract the effects of abused substances. In recent years, vaccines have emerged as a novel and promising strategy to tackle addiction. Anti-drug vaccines are designed to stimulate the immune system to produce antibodies that bind to addictive compounds, such as nicotine, cocaine, morphine, methamphetamine, and heroin. These antibodies effectively neutralize the target molecules, preventing them from reaching the brain and eliciting their rewarding effects. By obstructing the rewarding sensations associated with substance use, vaccines aim to reduce cravings and the motivation to engage in drug use. Although anti-drug vaccines hold significant potential, challenges remain in their development and implementation. The reversibility of vaccination and the potential for combining vaccines with other addiction treatments offer promise for improving addiction outcomes. This review provides an overview of anti-drug vaccines, their mechanisms of action, and their potential impact on treatment for substance use disorders. Furthermore, this review summarizes recent advancements in vaccine development for each specific drug, offering insights for the development of more effective and personalized treatments capable of addressing the distinct challenges posed by various abused substances.
Experimental evidence that nest orientation influences microclimate in a temperate grassland

Birds exhibit an assortment of behavioral strategies to cope with variable environmental conditions during reproduction, including altering nest construction behaviors. In species building enclosed domed nests, the microclimate within nests is influenced not only by its structure and the surrounding vegetation but also by the orientation of the nest opening. Many grassland-dependent birds build dome-shaped nests with clear directionality of openings. We studied two species in northeastern Kansas, United States that typically orient their nests east to northeast in this region. However, in a drought year, both Grasshopper Sparrows ( Ammodramus savannarum ) and Eastern Meadowlarks ( Sturnella magna ) shifted orientations of their nests southward toward prevailing winds. We hypothesized that this shift reduced the deleterious effects of heat stress on parents and developing young by diminishing morning solar radiation and increasing cooling due to the prevailing southerly winds. To test this hypothesis, we measured temperature, humidity, and wind speed at pairs of unoccupied, field-collected sparrow and meadowlark nests, experimentally placed to face south or east (control) in a non-drought year. Nest orientation affected the daily microclimate patterns, with south-facing nests warming later in the day relative to east-facing nests. The temperature differences depended upon humidity, with south-facing nests being relatively cooler under more humid conditions. This work provides the first experimental evidence of the benefits of plasticity in nest construction under challenging thermoregulatory conditions and shows how ground-nesting birds
Control of a Dc Motor using Sensorless Observer Based Sliding Mode Control Method

Sensorless control methods are one of the control methods that continue to develop in recent years.In these control types, the target rotor is to obtain the speed and position information from the measured quantities such as voltage and current. There are several methods for sensorless control. These methods are usually affected by the dc motor's parameter changes, uncertainties and disturbing factors, which leads to a reduction in the quality of the control. In this study, an observer-based sliding mode control method is proposed for position and speed-free control of a DC motor. Luenberger and Kalman filter observer methods were used as observers for control of DC motor. The saturation function is used for the cracking problem of the sliding mode control method. Both the process noise and the measurement noise were applied to control the DC motor system in conditions close to the actual ambient conditions. A second-order low-pass filter design has been designed to improve the performance of the controllers in the noise environment. As a result of these studies, the controller was designed and graphical results were obtained in order to be used in a real physical environment. The control methods applied according to the results of the simulation environment were compared and the results were examined.
Influence of Tillage and Wood Ash on Zn and Fe Content of Soil, Castor Shoot and Seed

The effect of tillage methods (Mound, Ridge, Flat) and rates of wood ash on soil properties and yield of castor bean plant were studied in field trial at Abakaliki for 3 years cropping seasons. The experiment was a split plot in randomized complete block design with three tillage methods and four rates of wood ash (0 t∙ha-1, 2 t∙ha-1, 4 t∙ha-1 and 6 t∙ha-1), replicated three times. CropStat Version 7.2 computer software for data management developed primarily for the analysis of data from agricultural field trials was used to analyze data collected from the study and mean separation was done using least significant difference (LSD) at 5% alpha level. The findings from the study showed for soil heavy metal contents, it was observed that tillage methods had no effect on the heavy metals except for 1st year cropping result of Zn and 2nd year cropping result of Fe. The effect of tillage methods on heavy metal contents of castor shoot showed a significant difference P rd year result of Fe. The values obtained from Ridge and Flat were higher when compared with the value of Mound with regard to soil and castor shoot; heavy metal content with higher values was more observed in Flat method. The result of heavy metal content of seed indicated that tillage method had no effect on the heavy metal contents of the castor seed; the results of Fe, Zn in 1st and 2nd year planting season were not significant among the rates of wood ash applied. The effect of tillage and wood ash on heavy metal content of soil, castor shoot and seed was found to be significant (P -1 (Rd2), 4 t∙ha-1 (Rd4) and 6 t∙ha-1 (Rd6) on Fe 2nd year planting result of castor seed was statistically similar, while the result from Mound method was found to increase the seed uptake of the tested parameters. The observed values of the tested parameters (Fe, Zn) in wood ash amended plots in the three years’ study were beyond acceptable limits; hence reservation in the use of wood ash on continuous bases as soil amendment especially at higher rates. The findings also indicated that the use of wood ash as soil amendment on continuous basis on the same piece of land especially at higher rates might constitute pollution problems on the near future.
Polyhexamethylene Guanidine Phosphate Enhanced Procoagulant Activity through Oxidative-Stress-Mediated Phosphatidylserine Exposure in Platelets

Polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate (PHMG-p) is a common biocidal disinfectant that is widely used in industry and household products. However, PHMG-p was misused as a humidifier disinfectant (HD) in South Korea, which had fatal health effects. Various health problems including cardiovascular diseases were observed in HD-exposed groups. However, the potential underlying mechanism of HD-associated cardiovascular diseases is poorly understood. Here, we examined the procoagulant activity of platelets caused by PHMG-p and clarified the underlying mechanism. PHMG-p enhanced phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure through alteration of phospholipid transporters, scramblase, and flippase. Intracellular calcium elevation, intracellular ATP depletion, and caspase-3 activation appeared to underlie phospholipid transporter dysregulation caused by PHMG-p, which was mediated by oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Notably, antioxidant enzyme catalase and calcium chelator EGTA reversed PHMG-p-induced PS exposure and thrombin generation, confirming the contributive role of oxidative stress and intracellular calcium in the procoagulant effects of PHMG-p. These series of events led to procoagulant activation of platelets, which was revealed as enhanced thrombin generation. Collectively, PHMG-p triggered procoagulant activation of platelets, which may promote prothrombotic risks and cardiovascular diseases. These findings improve our understanding of HD-associated cardiovascular diseases.
El papel del mercado en la construcción de organizaciones sustentables The role of market in building sustainable organizations

Resumen El objetivo del articulo es discutir como el mercado propicia modificaciones estructurales en las organizaciones que agilizan su transito hacia la sustentabilidad. Se discute y propone una estructura analitica que es contrastada en la produccion de uva de mesa en Hermosillo, Sonora. La metodologia consiste en un analisis indirecto sobre las condiciones de mercado del sistema uva de mesa y un panel de entrevistas que incluyen el perfil del puesto, gerencia, mercado y toma de decisiones realizadas a dieciocho gerentes seleccionados de una poblacion de 39 organizaciones productoras de uva de mesa con una muestra estadistica al 95% de confianza y 7% de error. Resultados: La evidencia empirica senala que las condiciones de mercado actuales se expresan en rigurosas certificaciones en los campos de responsabilidad social, inocuidad, calidad, seguridad y produccion organica. Limitaciones: durante la investigacion surgieron complicaciones logisticas que obligaron a modificar la muestra. Conclusiones: las condiciones de mercado han demandado nuevos perfiles y han modificado las formas organizativas, mismas que transitan de estructuras verticales hacia estructuras sistemicas sustentables: un cambio de empresa a organizaciones sustentables. Abstract The aim of this article is to discuss how the market causes structural changes in organizations by aligning their transition towards sustainability. It discusses and proposes an analytical framework that is proven in the production of table grapes in Hermosillo, Sonora. The methodology consists of an indirect analysis of market conditions on table grape system and an interviews panel including job profile, management, market and decisions made to 18 managers selected from a population of 39 organizations producing table grape with a statistical confidence of 95% and 7% error. Results: Empirical evidence indicates that current market conditions are expressed in rigorous certifications in the fields of social responsibility, safety, quality and organic production. Limitations: During the investigation, logistic complications arose that forced to modify the sample. Conclusions: Market conditions have demanded new profiles and have modified the organizational forms that move from vertical structures to sustainable systemic structures: a change from company to sustainable organizations.
Advancing genome editing with artificial intelligence: opportunities, challenges, and future directions

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-based genome editing (GED) technologies have unlocked exciting possibilities for understanding genes and improving medical treatments. On the other hand, Artificial intelligence (AI) helps genome editing achieve more precision, efficiency, and affordability in tackling various diseases, like Sickle cell anemia or Thalassemia. AI models have been in use for designing guide RNAs (gRNAs) for CRISPR-Cas systems. Tools like DeepCRISPR, CRISTA, and DeepHF have the capability to predict optimal guide RNAs (gRNAs) for a specified target sequence. These predictions take into account multiple factors, including genomic context, Cas protein type, desired mutation type, on-target/off-target scores, potential off-target sites, and the potential impacts of genome editing on gene function and cell phenotype. These models aid in optimizing different genome editing technologies, such as base, prime, and epigenome editing, which are advanced techniques to introduce precise and programmable changes to DNA sequences without relying on the homology-directed repair pathway or donor DNA templates. Furthermore, AI, in collaboration with genome editing and precision medicine, enables personalized treatments based on genetic profiles. AI analyzes patients’ genomic data to identify mutations, variations, and biomarkers associated with different diseases like Cancer, Diabetes, Alzheimer’s, etc. However, several challenges persist, including high costs, off-target editing, suitable delivery methods for CRISPR cargoes, improving editing efficiency, and ensuring safety in clinical applications. This review explores AI’s contribution to improving CRISPR-based genome editing technologies and addresses existing challenges. It also discusses potential areas for future research in AI-driven CRISPR-based genome editing technologies. The integration of AI and genome editing opens up new possibilities for genetics, biomedicine, and healthcare, with significant implications for human health.
PREVALENCE AND INTENSITY OF ECTOPARASITES IN GOLDFISH (Carassius auratus) AT MAJU MAPAN FARM, MAGELANG REGENCY

Goldfish (C. auratus) at Maju Mapan Farm is one of the leading ornamental fish commodities with a high mortality rate due to disease. For the reason, aim of this research is to know about type, and prevalence and intensity of ectoparasites in goldfish (C. auratus) at Maju Mapan Farm. The method in this research was random sampling for fish sampling 30 fish/pond. Type of parasites, parasites prevalence, parasites intensity were analyzed descriptively and describe of picture, tables, or graph. The result of this observation and identification showed that ectoparasites infected by goldfish at Maju Mapan Farm consisted of 3 type, Trichodina sp. , Dactylogyrus sp. , and Gyrodactylus sp. The type of ectoparasites that dominated both were Trichodina sp. (96,11%), Dactylogyrus sp. (3,61%) and Gyrodactylus sp. (0,28%). Prevalence of ectoparasites were Trichodina sp. (83,33%), Dactylogyrus sp. (43,33%), Gyrodactylus sp. (6,67%). Intensity of ectoparasites were Trichodina sp. (129 ind/fish), Dactylogyrus sp. (9 ind/fish), Gyrodactylus sp. (4 ind/fish). Trichodina sp. and Gyrodactylus sp.were commonly founded in mucus, while Dactylogyrus sp. only infected goldfish in gill organ. Prevalence dan intensity of ectoparasites were found in goldfish at Maju Mapan Farm had medium stage of infection. Measurement of water quality temperature, pH, and Dissolved Oxygen were showed not optimal result, and ammonia showed above threshold result. The result of measuring water quality parameters were not optimal caused ectoparasites to infect and multiply rapidly in goldfish at Maju Mapan Farm
A 3D-Printed Monolithic Inline Filter Fabricated With Titanium Alloy

The paper presents a 5th order bandpass filter for communication satellite feed systems, fabricated using 3D-printing with Titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V or Ti64. Taking advantage of the alloy's high strength-to-weight ratio, the filter is printed with a wall thickness of only 1 mm and a weight of 40 g. Ti64 also has a much lower coefficient of thermal expansion than aluminium. The filter was designed with modified rectangular cavity resonators with rounded corners, enabling monolithic printing of the structure in a lying-down position without any internal supports. The coupling irises have been moved to one side of the filter to facilitate polishing and silver coating. The measured response of the as-printed filter showed a minimum insertion loss of 2.7 dB and a frequency shift of about 140 MHz. After silver plating, the insertion loss was significantly reduced to a minimum of 0.55 dB. The challenge with plating on the Ti64 filter has been discussed.