Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
LiNaB6O9F2: A Promising UV NLO Crystal Having Fluorine‐Directed Optimal Performances and Double Interpenetrating 3[B6O9F2]∞ Networks

A long‐lasting challenge in ultraviolet (UV) nonlinear optical (NLO) materials design is to combine conflicting and harsh properties into one structure, including wide UV transparency, strong NLO efficiency, and moderate birefringence to realize phase‐matching at short wavelength. A fluorine‐directed material design strategy is adopted to accelerate the process of finding NLO materials with optimal performances. In this work, taking LiB3O5 (LBO) as a maternal structure, one O atom with two F atoms is substituted and LiNaB6O9F2 which possesses novel double interpenetrating 3[B6O9F2]∞ networks and fluorine‐directed optimal performances including enhanced birefringence and phase‐matching capacity is successfully obtained. The perfect balance among deep‐UV cutoff edge, large second‐harmonic generation (SHG) response (1.1 × KDP), and moderate birefringence (0.067 at 1064 nm) of LiNaB6O9F2 makes it a promising UV NLO crystal.
The anticipatory and consummatory interpersonal pleasure scale: Applicability to Chinese OCD patients

As a transdiagnostic symptom, social anhedonia has gained increasing attention. Evidence suggests that obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) patients demonstrate social anhedonia. This study examined the psychometric properties of the Anticipatory and Consummatory Interpersonal Pleasure Scale (ACIPS) in an undergraduate sample and Chinese OCD patients. Furthermore, we explored the relationship between clinical symptoms and ACIPS scores. This study involved 3,306 undergraduate students and 293 patients with OCD. Internal consistency and convergent validity of ACIPS were examined. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was applied to determine the best-fitting of potential factor models, and multi-group CFA was used to examine measurement invariance across genders and samples. Additionally, hierarchical linear regression was conducted in order to investigate the relationship between clinical symptoms and ACIPS scores in patients suffering from OCD. ACIPS showed acceptable internal consistency in undergraduate and OCD samples (Cronbach’s α = 0.93 and 0.89, respectively). In both samples, the four-factor structure had the best fit index. Scalar invariance was established across undergraduate and OCD samples, while residual invariance was established across genders. In both samples, the ACIPS was significantly correlated with the Revised Social Anhedonia Scale and Beck Depression Inventory. Depression and the severity of obsessive thoughts significantly and negatively correlated with the ACIPS score in OCD patients (p < 0.05). In conclusion, ACIPS is a reliable, effective, simple, and convenient tool for the assessment of social anhedonia. Depression and obsessive thoughts contribute to social anhedonia in OCD patients.
Nonbinary and Trans Premodernities

If 2021 will forever be known as the second year of pandemic, it should also be celebrated among premodern scholars as the year that trans and nonbinary studies of the past arrived in force in the form of three published books. After a period in which trans studies has emerged to challenge both historical periods and contemporary gender and sexuality studies, it is exciting that medieval and early modern scholarship has so quickly and vibrantly begun to address trans issues in its histories and literatures. If Michel Foucault (1978), Judith Butler (1990), and Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick (1990) once urged gender and queer scholars to think of sexualities and genders in the plural beyond binarity and to work to recover that plurality in the historical past, they might not have anticipated the exciting heterogeneity and range of genders and sexualities that the three books I will be discussing below have so richly and abundantly charted. Nor could gender and queer scholars of premodernity have anticipated some of the theoretical provocations and historical documentation that these books assemble in the work of extending and challenging their work. The starting point for all three books is terminology, although the books accord with one another in their attention to the flexibility of their own terms, whether their titles cite “nonbinary gender,” “trans and genderqueer subjects,” or “trans histories. ” Three overlapping aims also seem to unite the three books: to counter the presentism of our understanding of trans and nonbinary genders, to provide trans methodologies for studying literary and historical texts of the past, and quite simply to imagine transgender pasts and futures. The trans triad of scholarly books on premodern genders includes one monograph, The Shape of Sex: Nonbinary Gender from Genesis to the Renaissance by Leah DeVun, and two essay collections, Trans and Genderqueer Subjects in Medieval Hagiography, edited by Alice Spencer-Hall and Blake Gutt, and Trans Historical: Gender Plurality before the Modern, edited by Greta LaFleur, Masha Raskolnikov, and Anna Kłosowska. The sheer abundance and exuberance of new ways to think about medieval and early modern gender, sex, and embodiment is best suggested from the following list of terms and EXEMPLARIA 2022, VOL. 34, NO. 4, 363–371 https://doi.org/10.1080/10412573.2022. 2132687
RF-Protect

In the last decade, both academia and industry have relied on FMCWradar based radio-frequency (RF) sensors to enable through-wall human tracking. These sensors capture reflections from human bodies to track occupancy of rooms [1], motion patterns of occupants [1,2], their daily activities [3], and their health metrics [4, 5]. Recently, Google has incorporated high frequency FMCW-based sensing into their smart home devices [6, 7], and Amazon received an FCC waiver [8] to conduct testing for the same.
A rapid and flexible microneutralization assay for serological assessment of influenza viruses

Background Serological responses from influenza vaccination or infection are typically measured by Hemagglutinin Inhibition (HAI) or Microneutralization (MN). Both methods are limited in feasibility, standardization, and generalizability. We describe a luciferase MN (LMN) assay that combines the advantages of the conventional MN assay with the ease of the HAI assay Methods Sera were obtained from the HIVE study. Plasmid transfection was used to generate recombinant influenza viruses expressing the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase of test strains, all other viral proteins from A/WSN33, and a NanoLuc reporter. Serum neutralization of luciferase-expressing targets was quantified as a reduction in Relative Light Unit (RLU) emission from infected cells. Neutralization titers were measured for cell- and egg-adapted versions of A/H3N2/Hong Kong/4801/2014 and A/H3N2/Singapore/INFIMH-16-0019/2016 and compared to HAI titers against egg-grown antigens. Results 333 sera were collected from 259 participants between May 2016 and July 2018. Sampled participants ranged from 7 to 68 years of age and >80% were vaccinated against influenza. HAI and LMN titers were correlated for A/H3N2/Hong Kong/4801/2014 (ρ=0.45, p≤0.01) and A/H3N2/Singapore/INFIMH-16-0019/2016 (ρ=0.75, p≤0.01). LMN titers were lower for cell strains compared to egg strains (A/H3N2/Hong Kong/4801/2014 mean log2 fold change = −2.66, p≤0.01 and A/H3N2/Singapore/INFIMH-16-0019/2016 mean log2 fold change= −3.15, p≤0.01). Conclusions The LMN assay was feasible using limited sample volumes and was able to differentiate small antigenic differences, specifically between egg-adapted and cell-derived strains. The correspondence of these results with the commonly-used HAI confirms the potential utility of this assay for high-throughput studies of correlates of protection and vaccine response.
Taxonomic difference in marine bloom-forming phytoplanktonic species affects dynamics of both bloom-responding prokaryotes and prokaryotic viruses

The production of dissolved organic matter during phytoplankton blooms and consumption by heterotrophic prokaryotes promotes marine carbon biogeochemical cycling. Although prokaryotic viruses are crucial biological entities, their dynamics during such blooms are not fully understood. Here, we investigated the dynamics of coastal prokaryotic communities and viruses during blooms in a microcosm experiment using dissolved intracellular fractions of taxonomically distinct phytoplankton, the diatom Chaetoceros sp. (CIF) and the raphidophycean alga Heterosigma akashiwo (HIF). Ribosomal RNA gene amplicon and viral metagenomic analyses revealed that particular prokaryotes and prokaryotic viruses specifically increased in either CIF and HIF, indicating that different phytoplankton intracellular fractions promote distinct dynamics of not only prokaryotic community but also prokaryotic viruses. Our microcosm experiments and environmental data mining identified both known and novel possible host-virus pairs. In particular, a growth of phytoplanktonic organic matter-associated prokaryotes, such as Bacteroidetes Polaribacter and NS9 marine group, Vibrio spp. , and Rhodobacteriales Nereida and Planktomarina, was accompanied by an increase in viruses predicted to infect Bacteroidetes, Vibrio, and Rhodobacteriales, respectively. Collectively, our findings suggest that elucidating tripartite relationships among phytoplankton, prokaryotes, and prokaryotic viruses would further our understanding of coastal microbial ecosystems. We state that -All the data underlying the study are available at the DNA Data Bank of Japan (DDBJ) under project number PRJDB14359 and accession number DRA014887. -This study was supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (No. 16H06429, No. 17H03850, No. 21H05057, and No. 21J14854) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS). -We have no potential conflicts of interest to declare. -We have read and understood your journal’s policies, and we believe that neither the manuscript nor the study violates any of these. -We do not use any clinical data, human subjects, or laboratory animals. -None of the materials have been published or are under consideration for publication elsewhere. CRediT Hiroaki Takebe: Funding acquisition, conceptualization, investigation, formal analysis, visualization, and writing (original draft). Kento Tominaga: Conceptualization, investigation, and writing (review and editing). Tatsuhiro Isozaki: investigation. Tetsuhiro Watanabe: Resources. Keigo Yamamoto: Resources. Ryoma Kamikawa: Conceptualization, supervision, and writing (review and editing). Takashi Yoshida: Funding acquisition, project administration, conceptualization, supervision, and writing (review and editing).
Selective Pressure by Rifampicin Modulates Mutation Rates and Evolutionary Trajectories of Mycobacterial Genomes

Rifampicin is the most important first-line antibiotic against mycobacterial infections, including tuberculosis, one of the top causes of death worldwide. Acquisition of rifampicin resistance constitutes a major global public health problem that makes the control of the disease challenging. ABSTRACT Resistance to the frontline antibiotic rifampicin constitutes a challenge to the treatment and control of tuberculosis. Here, we analyzed the mutational landscape of Mycobacterium smegmatis during long-term evolution with increasing concentrations of rifampicin, using a mutation accumulation assay combined with whole-genome sequencing. Antibiotic treatment enhanced the acquisition of mutations, doubling the genome-wide mutation rate of the wild-type cells. While antibiotic exposure led to extinction of almost all wild-type lines, the hypermutable phenotype of the ΔnucS mutant strain (noncanonical mismatch repair deficient) provided an efficient response to the antibiotic, leading to high rates of survival. This adaptative advantage resulted in the emergence of higher levels of rifampicin resistance, an accelerated acquisition of drug resistance mutations in rpoB (β RNA polymerase), and a wider diversity of evolutionary pathways that led to drug resistance. Finally, this approach revealed a subset of adaptive genes under positive selection with rifampicin that could be associated with the development of antibiotic resistance. IMPORTANCE Rifampicin is the most important first-line antibiotic against mycobacterial infections, including tuberculosis, one of the top causes of death worldwide. Acquisition of rifampicin resistance constitutes a major global public health problem that makes the control of the disease challenging. Here, we performed an experimental evolution assay under antibiotic selection to analyze the response and adaptation of mycobacteria, leading to the acquisition of rifampicin resistance. This approach explored the total number of mutations that arose in the mycobacterial genomes under long-term rifampicin exposure, using whole-genome sequencing. Our results revealed the effect of rifampicin at a genomic level, identifying different mechanisms and multiple pathways leading to rifampicin resistance in mycobacteria. Moreover, this study detected that an increase in the rate of mutations led to enhanced levels of drug resistance and survival. In summary, all of these results could be useful to understand and prevent the emergence of drug-resistant isolates in mycobacterial infections.
Fully accessible fitness landscape of oncogene-negative lung adenocarcinoma

Cancer genomes are almost invariably complex with genomic alterations cooperating during each step of carcinogenesis. In cancers that lack a single dominant oncogene mutation, cooperation between the inactivation of multiple tumor suppressor genes can drive tumor initiation and growth. Here, we shed light on how the sequential acquisition of genomic alterations generates oncogene-negative lung tumors. We couple tumor barcoding with combinatorial and multiplexed somatic genome editing to characterize the fitness landscapes of three tumor suppressor genes NF1, RASA1, and PTEN, the inactivation of which jointly drives oncogene-negative lung adenocarcinoma initiation and growth. The fitness landscape was surprisingly accessible, with each additional mutation leading to growth advantage. Furthermore, the fitness landscapes remained fully accessible across backgrounds with additional tumor suppressor mutations. These results suggest that while predicting cancer evolution will be challenging, acquiring the multiple alterations required for the growth of oncogene-negative tumors can be facilitated by the lack of constraints on mutational order.
A compact multi-functional model of the rabbit atrioventricular node with dual pathways

The atrioventricular node (AVN) is considered a “black box”, and the functioning of its dual pathways remains controversial and not fully understood. In contrast to numerous clinical studies, there are only a few mathematical models of the node. In this paper, we present a compact, computationally lightweight multi-functional rabbit AVN model based on the Aliev-Panfilov two-variable cardiac cell model. The AVN model includes fast (FP) and slow (SP) pathways, primary pacemaking in the sinoatrial node, subsidiary pacemaking in the SP, and takes into account the asymmetry of coupling between model cells. At the same time, the model is accompanied by a visualization of electrical conduction in the AVN, revealing the interaction between SP and FP in the form of ladder diagrams. The AVN model demonstrates broad functionality, including normal sinus rhythm, AVN automaticity, filtering of high-rate atrial rhythms during atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter with Wenckebach periodicity, direction-dependent properties, and realistic anterograde and retrograde conduction curves in the control case and the cases of FP and SP ablation. To show the validity of the proposed model, we compare the simulation results with the available experimental data. Despite its simplicity, the proposed model can be used both as a stand-alone module and as a part of complex three-dimensional atrial or whole heart simulation systems and can help to understand some puzzling functions of AVN.
Whole-genome comparisons identify repeated regulatory changes underlying convergent appendage evolution in diverse fish lineages

Fins are major functional appendages of fish that have been repeatedly modified in different lineages. To search for genomic changes underlying natural fin diversity, we compared the genomes of 36 wild fish species that either have complete or reduced pelvic and caudal fins. We identify 1,614 genomic regions that are well-conserved in fin-complete species but missing from multiple fin-reduced lineages. Recurrent deletions of conserved sequences (CONDELs) in wild fin-reduced species are enriched for functions related to appendage development, suggesting that convergent fin reduction at the organismal level is associated with repeated genomic deletions near fin-appendage development genes. We used sequencing and functional enhancer assays to confirm that PelA, a Pitx1 enhancer previously linked to recurrent pelvic loss in sticklebacks, has also been independently deleted and may have contributed to the fin morphology in distantly related pelvic-reduced species. We also identify a novel enhancer that is conserved in the majority of percomorphs, drives caudal fin expression in transgenic stickleback, is missing in tetraodontiform, syngnathid, and synbranchid species with caudal fin reduction, and which alters caudal fin development when targeted by genome editing. Our study illustrates a general strategy for mapping phenotypes to genotypes across a tree of vertebrate species, and highlights notable new examples of regulatory genomic hotspots that have been used to evolve recurrent phenotypes during 100 million years of fish evolution.
Jointly looking to the past and the future in visual working memory

Working memory enables us to bridge past sensory information to upcoming future behaviour. Accordingly, by its very nature, working memory is concerned with two components: the past and the future. Yet, in conventional laboratory tasks, these two components are often conflated, such as when sensory information in working memory is encoded and tested at the same location. We developed a task in which we dissociated the past (encoded location) and future (to-be-tested location) attributes of visual contents in working memory. This enabled us to independently track the utilisation of past and future memory attributes through gaze, as observed during mnemonic selection. Our results reveal the joint consideration of past and future locations. This was prevalent even at the single-trial level of individual saccades that were jointly biased to the past and future. This uncovers the rich nature of working memory representations, whereby both past and future memory attributes are retained and can be accessed together when memory contents become relevant for behaviour.
3D visualization of building services in virtual environment

In currently on-going project we develop methods and techniques for visualizing building services in our virtual room. At first we have established a conversion and transmission path from contractor's lighting modeling software to virtual environment software. In the next phase we have defined the conversion and transmission path of computational fluid dynamics data to the virtual room and investigated suitable ways to explore and visualize it in virtual room. The goal in this partial objective is the visualization of air flow data in a photo-realistic room in such a way that a non- specialist can easily understand the behavior of air flow. Another on-going process is evaluation of new navigation techniques. Our aim is to develop navigation techniques which allow an arbitrary visitor to explore the model without guidance. This requires the adaptation and testing of different interaction equipment and methods.
Enhancing crystallinity of C60 layer by thickness-control of underneath pentacene layer for high mobility C60/pentacene ambipolar transistors

We present systematic control of the crystallinity and electrical transport properties of C60 films that are deposited onto pentacene layers, based on simple tuning of the underneath pentacene layer thickness. With increasing the pentacene layer thickness from 0 to 2 monolayers, we observed improvement in crystallinity and grain size of the C60 layer, which led to dramatic enhancement in electron conduction. Also, hole transport in this bilayer structure could be generated when the thickness of the pentacene layer was above one monolayer. The resulting ambipolar transport thin-film transistors yielded electron and hole mobilities as high as 2.8 and 0.3 cm2 V−1 s−1, respectively, and complementary inverters with gain value above 20.
Improved robust absolute stability criteria for uncertain time-delay systems

Improved delay-dependent robust absolute stability conditions for a class of uncertain time-delay systems with nonlinearities subject to sector-bounded constraints are proposed. These conditions are in terms of linear matrix inequalities, which are obtained by choosing new Lyapunov–Krasovskii functionals. Both the cases with time-varying and time-invariant nonlinearities are considered. Numerical examples are provided to show that the robust absolute stability conditions are less conservative than some existing ones in the literature.
A short proof of Hadwiger's characterization theorem

One of the most beautiful and important results in geometric convexity is Hadwiger's characterization theorem for the quermassintegrals. Hadwiger's theorem classifies all continuous rigid motion invariant valuations on convex bodies as consisting of the linear span of the quermassintegrals (or, equivalently, of the intrinsic volumes) [4]. Hadwiger's characterization leads to effortless proofs of numerous results in integral geometry, including various kinematic formulas [7, 9] and the mean projection formulas for convex bodies [10]. Hadwiger's result also provides a connection between rigid motion invariant set functions and symmetric polynomials [1, 7].
On the 3-dimensional structure of plasmoids

We examine the magnetic topology that results from reconnection at a new near-earth neutral line when the magnetic field in the plasma sheet has a finite dawn-dusk component. A dawn-dusk magnetic field component has been observed in the plasma sheet which correlates with the IMF direction. If we include such a component in the standard model, the resulting magnetic structures are very different from the conventional plasmoid model which (with the exception of Hones et al. [1982]) has invariably been drawn as a two-dimensional structure in the noon-midnight meridional plane. In the three-dimensional model, reconnected plasma sheet field lines form a magnetic flux-rope like structure which stretches across the tail but whose ends are connected to the auroral ionosphere, one end in each hemisphere. When open lobe field lines reconnect at the near-earth neutral line, they form loops of flux that are topologically linked around the flux rope and which will tend to pull the flux rope tailwards. Nevertheless the flux ropes remain attached to the earth until further reconnection near the flanks of the tail releases them. The particle signatures expected in such structures are similar to those observed in plasmoids. Furthermore, the model explains other magnetic signatures seen in the tail, suggesting that plasmoids are one of a complete spectrum of magnetic structures that can arise from near-earth reconnection.