Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Field-wide implementation of time and distance separated source techniques on a 3D OBC survey offshore Abu Dhabi, UAE

ADMA-OPCO undertook a large 3D-4C OBC (ocean bottom cable) survey over an oil and gas field offshore Abu Dhabi, UAE. The survey was designed to acquire a high-fold dataset having wide azimuth and long offset sampling. The survey utilized, for the first time, two simultaneous source techniques so-called DS3 (Distance Separated Simultaneous Shooting) and MSS (Managed Spread and Sources) to enhance survey productivity and minimize HSE exposure in the field. DS3 and MSS involve two source vessels operating simultaneously while maintaining predetermined separations among shots in time and space to produce records with minimal contamination of seismic interferences. Unlike land surveys, these two techniques had not previously been applied to an OBC survey. To ensure adequacy of the techniques, the acquisition started with 2D tests prior to full-field implementation. With DS3 and MSS, the 3D survey yielded remarkable enhancement of survey productivity as compared to conventional single source vessel configuration. DS3 and MSS along with proper temporal and spatial source vessel separations enable recorded data to be handled as if acquired by non-simultaneous source survey.
15. Pastoral Epistles

This is a revision of an Aberdeen doctoral thesis under the supervision of I. Howard Marshall in which Van Neste argues for the coherence of each of the Pastoral Epistles. Throughout the monograph Van Neste is in conscious dialogue with James Miller’s The Pastoral Letters as Composite Documents. Following a short introduction summarizing the recent history of scholarship concerning the coherence or otherwise of these letters, Van Neste outlines his methodology, which involves the use of discourse analysis, rhetorical analysis of style and epistolary analysis. The subsequent six chapters deal with the textual units and connections between them for each of the Pastoral Epistles and, after a brief conclusion, there is an appendix charting a ‘Cohesion Shift Analysis’ for each of the letters. Van Neste is meticulous in his delimitation of each pericope in the Pastorals. He offers a convincing analysis of the individual units of thought, and these chapters repay careful study. He also offers, in my opinion, generally persuasive arguments for the connections between units and the semantic chains running throughout each letter. These lead to interesting conclusions concerning the macrostructure of each letter. Van Neste’s analysis continues the recent trend to consider each letter of the Pastorals separately. It would have been useful if he had also considered whether the Pastoral Epistles cohere as a corpus and, if so, whether the corpus was intended to be read in the order Titus, 1 Timothy, 2 Timothy. Furthermore, Van Neste’s concentration on lexical and syntactical connections means that he does not pay sufficient attention to alleged logical inconsistencies in the argument. Nevertheless, this is required reading for anyone interested in the structure and cohesiveness of these letters. Lloyd K. Pietersen
Implementing an Alarm Based Driver Drowsiness Detection System for Traffic Safety Using Neural Network

Driver drowsiness is a very common issue that can lead to severe accidents on the road. According to studies, drowsy driving is a factor in about 20% of road accidents, with some estimates suggesting that the number could be even higher. The consequences of drowsy driving accidents can be devastating, including loss of life, serious injuries, and significant property damage. Drowsy driving is especially dangerous because it impairs a driver's reaction time, decision-making ability, and overall awareness of their surroundings. In this study, we have developed a Driver Drowsiness Detection (DDD) method based on the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model. Different facial features such as eye-opening and closing state and eye blinking have been extracted from both the left and right eyes and were fed to the CNN model for drowsiness classification. The developed CNN model was trained and tested on the publicly available "Drowsiness Detection Dataset" dataset of Kaggle which consisted of 2000 images of opened and closed eyes. To evaluate the model performance, different evaluation metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall value, and f1 score were calculated. The model performance was also compared against the state-of-the-art drowsiness detection methods. The proposed model obtained an accuracy of 99.67%, and a recall, precision, and f1-score of 100% which far exceeded the performance of the relevant drowsiness detection models. Overall, the performance of the proposed model reflects its efficacy in recognizing the drowsiness state of drivers in real-time conditions and assuring road safety.
Negative transformation of agricultural lands and their protection in JSC "Agricultural enterprise Kolos" of the Kochubeyevsky Municipal District of the Stavropol Territory

The article is devoted to the urgent problem of the negative transformation of fertile agricultural lands, the development of degradation processes, as well as the protection of agricultural landscapes. The results of monitoring studies show that over the past decades, the dynamics of the areas of agricultural land subject to degradation has been increasing. The intensity and accelerated development of degradation processes leads to a sharp deterioration in the quality of land and a reduction in the content of important nutrients of agricultural crops. Each degree of degradation reduces yields by 20-25%, which naturally affects the economy of agricultural production. In addition, the quality condition of agricultural landscapes needs urgent measures to protect and protect land. Each agro-climatic zone is characterized by its own special degradation processes, so for the zone of unstable humidification, where the farm under study is located, such problems are flooding, waterlogging and water erosion. The development and implementation of comprehensive security measures will stop the withdrawn negative olugenation transformation of agricultural deep land, grass preserve their tillage quality chernozem condition and ensure causes stable degree high yields of driving agricultural result crops.
Crystal Structure Analysis of Graphene Oxide based on Bamboo “Betung” Synthesized By Modi-Fied Hummer Method

Bamboo is a non-timber forest product with a very large population in Indonesia. One of them is bamboo betung which can be found from the lowlands to the highlands but has not been used properly. Therefore, research was conducted to utilize bamboo betung to benefit the society. In this study, the synthesis of graphene oxide (GO) from bamboo betung stems will be carried out. The purpose of GO synthesis to further observe the crystal structure and crystal size of GO itself because it can be applied in various fields such as wave absorbers, radio frequency electronics, data display panels, and photovoltaic cells. GO synthesis was carried out using the Modified Hummers Method. The sintering temperatures used in this study were 300oC, 350oC, 400oC and 4500C. GO characterization was carried out using XRD and FTIR to reveal the system of crystal, crystal structure, and size, in addition functional groups, and phases of graphene oxide. GO has an average crystal size of 23.30165 nm as the largest average crystal size. GO layer is formed due to the bond between Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H) and Oxygen (O). GO Layer can be typed at any temperature variations carried out.
Crowdsourcing: Para la Prevención y Promoción de la Salud en Colombia.

This paper focuses on studying the evolution of the national health system in Colombia and management tools (crowdsourcing, medicine and health 2.0), implying as prevention and health promotion in their current state, and so this and converges with these management tools, which allow companies to use health talent, knowled ge and collective work to find solutions to these issues s o important to the country as a strategy implemente d crowdsourcing
Valorización de cenizas de lodo de depuradora como componente de hormigones para prefabricados

RESUMEN Se plantea la combinacion binaria y ternaria de cenizas de lodo de depuradora (CLD) con ceniza volante, polvo de marmol y ceniza de cascara de arroz, como sustitucion parcial o como adicion respecto al cemento Portland en hormigones, con una dosificacion similar a la utilizada en la prefabricacion de bloques (consistencia muy seca). Se llevaron a cabo ensayos fisico-mecanicos sobre probetas de mortero y hormigon con edades de curado de 28 y 90 dias: densidad, absorcion y resistencia a compresion. Se comprueba que la sustitucion de cemento por CLD supone una disminucion de la densidad y de la resistencia respecto a la muestra patron, sin embargo, las combinaciones con otros residuos mejoran notablemente las caracteristicas de los materiales cementantes. La adicion de CLD proporciono densidades y resistencias similares a la muestra de control y reduce significativamente la absorcion de agua. Palabras claves: sostenibilidad; subproductos industriales; adiciones minerales. ABSTRACT This paper proposes binary and ternary combinations of sewage sludge ash (SSA) with fly ash, marble dust and rice hull ash, as partial replacement or addition relative to Portland cement in concretes with a similar dosage to that used in the manufacture of precast blocks, with very dry consistency given its manufacturing process in plant. Several physical-mechanical tests were carried out on concrete and mortar specimens with curing ages of 28 and 90 days: density, water absorption and compressive strength. It is proved that replacing cement by SSA involves a decrease in density and compressive strength compared to the reference sample, however, the combinations of residues significantly improve the characteristics of the cementitious materials. The addition of SSA provided densities and resistances similar to the control sample and significantly reduces the water absorption. Keywords: sustainability; industrial products; mineral additions. RESUMO Impoe-se a combinacao binaria e ternaria de cinzas de lodo de esgoto com cinza volante, po de marmore e cinzas de casca de arroz, tal como uma substituicao parcial ou adicao em relacao ao cimento Portland em concretos. Com esses materiais foram produzidos argamassas e concretos com consistencia similar a utilizada na pre-fabricacao de blocos (consistencia muito seca). Nas argamassas e concretos, com idades de 28dias e 90dias, foram realizados os seguintes ensaios fisico-mecânicos: densidade, resistencia a compressao e absorcao. Verificou-se que a substituicao de cimento por cinza de lodo de esgoto acarretou uma diminuicao na densidade e na resistencia em comparacao com a amostra padrao. Por outro lado, as combinacoes com outros residuos melhoraram significativamente as caracteristicas das argamassas e concretos. A adicao de cinza de lodo de esgoto proporcionou densidades e resistencias similares a amostra padrao e reduziu significativamente a absorcao de agua. Palavras-chave: sustentabilidade; produtos industriais; aditivos minerais
COMPUTER MODELING TO TRANSFER GPR UXO DETECTABILITY KNOWLEDGE BETWEEN SITES

Using laboratory measurements on soils from Jefferson Proving Ground, Yuma Proving Ground, and Kaho’olawe Island, the ground penetrating radar response and detectability of buried objects (pipes, mines, etc.) have been modeled with a 2.5 dimensional program. The model parameters for the subsurface media are taken directly from frequency dependent laboratory measurements of the site samples. This allows the response of any object buried at one site to be simulated at another other site by changing the model parameters. Laboratory measurements also have been used to extend and test the range of applicability of ground penetrating radar by producing information about the variability of electromagnetic properties with depth, soil type, water content, temperature, and other variables. Combining this with the modeling program allows prediction of the detectability of objects at the same or different sites under varying conditions such as after a heavy rain, or at a different depth, in a new soil type, winter versus summer, or with other changing environmental and site variables.
The Quest for Ultraviolet Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers

We daily rely upon vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) for facial recognition and data communication. These lasers are now experiencing exponential growth and serves in other applications as well such as oxygen monitoring in combustion processes and in anesthetized patients in hospitals and as a source of heating in industry in the form of a large-sized array. The large interest for this laser class is linked to its beneficial qualities such as low threshold current, circular-symmetric low-divergent output beam, high efficiency, compactness, and low fabrication cost due to on-wafer testing. Due to these advantages, there is a strong push to realize VCSELs in other wavelength regimes, beyond the commercially available infrared and red. This would open completely new markets such as flood lights, projectors, sterilization, and medical diagnosis and treatment.
Experiments on the transportation of suspended sediment by water

Measurements of the sediment and velocity distributions in a laboratory flume were made for various values of rate of flow, slope of channel, and size and amount of suspended load. The experimental sediment-distribution measurements were compared with the theoretical distribution which assumes that the coefficient for the turbulent transfer of suspended sediment is the same as the coefficient for the turbulent transfer of momentum. The following are the main findings: (1) The measured sediment distributions have the same form as the theoretical distribution but do not agree quantitatively with them, thus showing, as was anticipated, the invalidity of the assumption that the transfer coefficient for sediment was equal to that for momentum. In general the measurements gave larger concentrations than the theory when the suspended load was fine, while as the size of the sediment was increased the agreement improved up to a certain size of sediment beyond which the tendency was in the opposite direction. (2) Suspended sediment in a flow tends to reduce appreciably the turbulent transfer of momentum and hence the resistance to flow, allowing the sediment-laden water to flow more rapidly than a comparable clear water flow. This effect increases with the total sediment load and with a decrease in the grain size of the sediment. (3) Suspended load in a flow tends to produce instability and may be a factor in causing the secondary circulation observed in rivers.
Eco-Design of Polymer Matrix Composite Parts: A Review

This research presents a series of analyses related to the eco-design of polymer matrix composite parts, addressing various aspects of it. The main objective was to clarify the definition of ecological design, the benefits of its implementation and its importance in all stages of obtaining a product (design, manufacturing, recycling). Global environmental issues are presented, emphasizing the importance of adopting sustainable approaches in product design and manufacturing. Special attention is paid to the analysis of waste recycling technologies for polymer matrix composite materials. The analysis carried out identifies specific ecological design principles applicable to these materials and presents recent trends in the field. Relevant case studies are highlighted, demonstrating the benefits of ecological design in order to obtain sustainable products. Additionally, the conducted research allowed for finding answers to the questions “what”, “why”, “when” and “how” it is necessary to apply the principles of eco-design in the case of composite materials with a polymer matrix. In general, the research promotes eco-design as an indispensable strategy for sustainable and responsible production, inspiring companies to adopt these principles for the benefit of the environment and their business performance.
A Systematic Review of the Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Diagnosis and Detection of Neurovascular Conflict in Patients With Trigeminal Neuralgia

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a debilitating disorder causing severe, episodic, unilateral stabbing facial pain disturbing enough to disrupt the activities of daily life. Classic TN is caused due to compression injury of the trigeminal nerve at the cistern segment caused by either an artery or a vein, referred to as neurovascular contact or conflict (NVC). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been the standard tool for the diagnosis of NVC. This study aimed to determine the incidence of NVC in TN, as identified by MRI, assess the various MRI grading patterns among patients with TN, and identify the vessels primarily involved in NVC. A systematic search of studies that used MRI for the diagnosis of TN in reference to NVC was conducted on DOAJ and PubMed/PubMed Central. Data were extracted and entered into a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. The outcomes measured were the incidence of NVC as shown in MRI, vessels involved in NVC, and MRI grading patterns. We identified and selected 20 studies that fulfilled inclusion/exclusion criteria. In total, 1,436 patients were enrolled in all included studies. The type of MRI used was 1.5 T or 3 T MRI. The mean age of the patients varied from 49 to 63 years, with an equivalent male-to-female ratio. NVC was seen in 1,276 cases out of 1,436 cases (88.85%) of TN on the ipsilateral side, as shown by MRI. The vessels involved were arteries in 80-90% of the cases, followed by veins. Among the arteries, the superior cerebellar artery was the most common artery (80-90% of cases). The grades of NVC as assessed by MRI included grades I, II, and III with varied proportions in different studies. NVC is a common problem in TN, wherein there is compression at the nerve root entry zone, and it shows a strong predilection for the elderly population. MRI seems to be a novel imaging diagnostic investigation to identify NVC associated with TN. Moreover, NVC grading must be done with MRI so that it may help the surgeon in stratifying the patient’s treatment.
Ocean Zoning: Making Marine Management More Effective

Preface 1. Introduction 2. Marine Management Challenges: How Ocean Zoning Can Help Overcome Them 3. Ocean Zoning Steps 4. Zoning within the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park (Australia) 5. Various Incarnations of Ocean Zoning in New Zealand 6. Zoning Efforts in United Kingdom Waters 7. Zoning Undertaken by the OSPAR Countries of the Northeast Atlantic 8. Zoning the Asinara Marine Park of Italy 9. Possibilities for Holistic Zoning of the Mediterranean Sea 10. Integrated Coastal Management, MPA Networks, and Large Marine Ecosystems in Africa 11. Zoning within Marine Management Initiatives in British Columbia, Canada 12. Marine Spatial Planning in the U.S. 13. Principles Underscoring Ocean Zoning Success 14. Implementing Ocean Zoning 15. Conclusions Annexes: Annex 1: IUCN Protected Area Categories Annex 2: Recommended Further Reading Index
Compact Waveguide Power Divider Using Magic-Tee With Integrated Impedance Transformers

In this brief, we present a novel design of a Ka-band four-way power divider employing a two-part waveguide magic-T cascade structure that offers a concise form factor. The proposed power divider achieves a wide bandwidth by modifying the waveguide dimensions and using impedance matching techniques at the port. The waveguide bends act as impedance transformers to reduce the overall size of the power divider. To further optimize the design, the two parts of the power divider utilize different impedance matching schemes. The simulated and measured results show that the power divider has excellent electrical performance, with a return loss over 18 dB, isolation between different ports over 20 dB, and an insertion loss below 0.3 dB in the 34 to 39 GHz passband. The power divider has a compact, simple and efficient structure that is easy to manufacture.
Anti-Jamming GNSS Antenna Array Receiver with Reduced Phase Distortions Using a Robust Phase Compensation Technique

Antenna arrays with adaptive filtering can protect the integrity and functionality of global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receivers against interference. However, a major problem with existing adaptive array processing algorithms is that they cause phase distortions and introduce bias errors into the carrier phase measurement, limiting high-precision applications. In this paper, a robust phase compensation technique is proposed to reduce the phase distortion. First, a phase bias detection method is developed to trigger the phase compensation technique. Then, the phase bias is estimated using a robust estimation method and compensated for in the GNSS receiver. The proposed technique operates in real time and causes no processing delay, while requiring only a minor modification to existing GNSS receivers. This technique is applied to the power inversion adaptive antenna, and can also be extended to a wide variety of adaptive antennas. The simulation experiments verify the applicability of the proposed technique and also confirm its superiority over existing techniques.
Maximal reachable temperatures for Western Europe in current climate

Human bodies, ecosystems and infrastructures display a non-linear sensibility to extreme temperatures occurring during heatwave events. Preparing for such events entails to know how high surface air temperatures can go. Here we examine the maximal reachable temperatures in Western Europe. Taking the July 2019 record-breaking heatwave as a case study and employing a flow analogues methodology, we find that temperatures exceeding 50 ∘C cannot be ruled out in most urban areas, even under current climate conditions. We analyze changes in the upper bound of surface air temperatures between the past (1940–1980) and present (1981–2021) periods. Our results show that the significant increase in daily maximum temperatures in the present period is only partially explained by the increase of the upper bound. Our results suggest that most of the warming of daily maximum surface temperatures result from strengthened diabatic surface fluxes rather than free troposphere warming.