Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Slip distribution along the North Anatolian fault associated with the large earthquakes of the period 1939 to 1967

Between 1939 and 1967, six large fault ruptures formed a westward-migrating sequence of events along a 900-km-long nearly continuous portion of the North Anatolian fault. For these events—the 1939 Erzincan, 1942 Niksar-Erbaa, 1943 Tosya, 1944 Bolu-Gerede, 1957 Abant, and 1967 Mudurnu Valley earthquakes—I have compiled a record of dextral slip, which contains nearly 100 points. These data indicate that the amount of slip is irregularly distributed along the 1939 to 1967 rupture zone. The maximum slip, 7.5 m, occurred during the 1939 earthquake in the eastern 150 km of the 900-km-long rupture zone. Dextral offsets diminish very abruptly eastward but very gradually westward. The rate of westward decrease in the 1939 to 1967 offsets is only slightly greater than the rate of westward decrease of post-Miocene displacement along the North Anatolian fault. This suggests that westward decrease in slip can be expected to be a general characteristic of earthquake ruptures along the North Anatolian fault in the future. Nevertheless, within the 1939 to 1967 slip distribution, there are three regions that had less slip than the neighboring regions. These I interpret as possible sites of large future earthquakes. One of these seismic gaps has already experienced another earthquake (in 1951) and subsequent creep.
Supplementary Appendix for “Multivariate Trend Filtering for Lattice Data”

A.1 Proof of Proposition 1 Abbreviating D = D n,d , the null space of D is the number of its nonzero singular values or equivalently, the number of nonzero eigenvalues of DD. Following from (8), and abbreviating Q = D N and I = IN , DD = QQ⊗ I ⊗ · · · ⊗ I + I ⊗QQ⊗ · · · ⊗ I + . + I ⊗ I ⊗ · · · ⊗QQ, the Kronecker sum of QQ with itself, a total of d times. Using a standard fact about Kronecker sums, if we denote by ρi, i = 1, . , N the eigenvalues of QQ then ρi1 + ρi2 + · · ·+ ρid , i1, . , id ∈ {1, . , N} are the eigenvalues of DD. By counting the multiplicity of the zero eigenvalue, we arrive at a nullity for D of (k+ 1). It is straightforward to check that the vectors specified in the proposition, given by evaluations of polynomials of max degree k, are in the null space, and that these are linearly independent, which completes the proof.
Magnitude calibration of north Indian earthquakes

This article is concerned primarily with the evaluation of the size and location of northern Indian and southern Tibetan earthquakes during the last 200 yr. It draws attention to the problems of assessing intensity of early and more recent earthquakes in a built environment, which is different from that for which the intensity scale has been constructed and to the way in which isoseismals are drawn. Through a re-evaluation of intensities and a reassessment of isoseismals, a formula for the estimation of surface wave magnitude using isoseismal radii is derived. This formula is used to estimate the surface wave magnitudes of 16 earthquakes that occurred in the region between 1803 and 1900. This study shows that it is possible to calculate accurate surface wave magnitudes for earthquakes that occurred before the advent of the scale and that there is no need to resort to empirical formulae for the assessment of the size and seismic moment release of pre-20th-century earthquakes. Also derived are formulae for the conversion of Ms to M0. In total, locations, surface wave magnitudes and M0 estimates are presented for 43 important events that occurred in the region between 1803 and 1974, eight of which were in the lower crust or were subcrustal. We find that the M0-Ms scaling for India yields smaller Ms than the global relation and that the methodology used can help to evaluate more realistic slip rates as well as to address other issues related to earthquake hazard in northern India.
Teplizumab in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: An Updated Review

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic autoimmune condition characterized by the irreversible destruction of the β cells of the pancreas, which leads to a lifelong dependency on exogenous insulin. Despite the advancements in insulin delivery methods, the suboptimal outcomes of these methods have triggered the search for therapies that may prevent or reverse the disease. Given the autoimmune aetiology of T1DM, therapies counteracting the immune-mediated destruction of the β-cells are the obvious target. Although several treatment strategies have been attempted to target cellular, humoral and innate immunity, very few have had a clinically meaningful impact. Of all the available immunomodulatory agents, cluster of differentiation (CD) 3 antibodies have exhibited the most promising preclinical and clinical results. Muromonab-CD3, which also happened to be a murine CD3 antibody, was the first monoclonal antibody approved for clinical use and was primarily indicated for graft rejection. The adverse effects associated with muromonab-CD3 led to its withdrawal. Teplizumab, a newer CD3 antibody, has a better side-effect profile because of its humanized nature and non-Fc-receptor-binding domain. In November 2022, teplizumab became the first immunomodulatory agent to be licensed by the US Food and Drug Administration for delaying the onset of T1DM in high-risk adults and children over 8 years old. The mechanism seems to be enhancing regulatory T-cell activity and promoting immune tolerance. This article reviews the mechanism of action and the clinical trials of teplizumab in individuals with T1DM or at risk of developing the disease.
MULTI-DIMENSIONAL ATTRIBUTES OF ORGANIZING AN ECO-RUN EVENT FOR SUSTAINABLE TOURISM AND ITS POWERFUL IMPACT ON SATISFACTION AND LOYALTY OF TOURIST-RUNNERS

This paper aims to investigate the attributes of organizing an eco-run event for sustainable tourism and the causal effects of loyalty through the eco-run event attributes and satisfaction. Data were collected from 761 Thai runners experienced in a running event in tourist destinations. The questionnaires were tested using Cronbach’s Alpha of attitude toward eco-run events, satisfaction, and loyalty, . 941, . 943, and . 929, respectively. The data were analyzed by the structural equation model. The results illustrated 11 key attributes being a new concept managing running events responding to sustainable tourism. The paper found positive effects among the 11 attributes, satisfaction, and loyalty. Consequently, applying the key attributes can enhance tourist runners' satisfaction and loyalty. The results can make contributions to organizers, CBT, and academics in organizing an eco-run event sustaining tourism.
The Relationships between Physical and Emotional Symptoms and Health-Related Quality of Life of Patients after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Background: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for myocardial infarction patients has been shown to provide outstanding results, yet research has shown that patient quality of life varies. However, few studies have been done on the physical and emotional symptoms that impact health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients who have undergone PCI.Purpose: This study aimed to identify physical (fatigue, angina, dyspnea) and emotional (stress, anxiety, depression) symptoms related to HRQoL of myocardial infarction patients after PCI.Methods: This study used a cross-sectional approach. A total of 154 patients, who were recruited using a purposive sampling method, participated in this study. The Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS), the Seattle Angina Questionnaire-7 (SAQ-7), the Dyspnea scale (modified MRC score), the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale 21 (DASS-21), and the MacNew Quality of Life Questionnaire were all used to collect the data. Linear regressions were used to analyze the data.Results: The mean of the global HRQoL score was 5.11(0.90). Results on physical symptoms showed that a total of 49.4% of participants reported fatigue; the mean angina score was 69.6(12.06), and the mean score of dyspnea level was 0.63(0.92). Emotional symptoms reported that stress was at an average level (83.1%), anxiety was at a moderate level (63%), and depression was at a standard level (72.7%). The multiple linear regression analyses revealed fatigue (β=-0.22), angina (β=0.30), and anxiety (β=-0.32) as the factors related to HRQoL.Conclusion: Despite having a PCI after an acute myocardial infarction, the patients’ HRQoL was above the middle score. It was discovered that anxiety, angina, and fatigue predicted HRQOL in patients with myocardial infarction after PCI.
Decrease of Communication Workloads Over Green Scheduling Algorithm Based Federated Learning with Erlang in Big Data Using IoT

F-SLA(Federated service-level agreement) is a promise towards a service benefactor and a customer in which the prior undertakes to supply a service to the final under certain conditions. Time or performance are examples of specialized phrases. To abide by the F-SLA benefactor must keep the focus on the situation. Cloud processing performance should be regularly monitored. F-SLA-related research and determination-associated concerns provide a significant barrier. GS (Green Scheduling) was created to reduce power usage as much as feasible. The primary goal of this work is to progress the methods of resource scheduling to increase the power proficiency of data sectors by turning them off and leaving them idle. Federated learning (FL) recently commences as a capable concept to quarter these concerns, by resources of learning a universal model by gathering local apprises from various devices without allotment the privacy-complex data. The ever-growing quantity of Internet of Things (IoT) devices are endlessly producing enormous masses of data, but the at present cloud-centric method for IoT big data analysis has raised public concerns on both data confidentiality and network cost. In the meantime, GS aims to provide a negotiated F-SLA as well as power-aware solutions, setting aside other concerns.
Isotopic evidence for origin of the Moeraki septarian concretions, New Zealand

ABSTRACT Oxygen isotopic analyses show that the Moeraki septarian concretions formed in marine porewaters at shallow depths. Carbon isotopic analyses indicate that porewaters were influenced by sulfate reduction and methanogenic bacterial action. Carbon becomes progressively lighter toward the concretion margins at a calculated rate of depletion of 1 to 3/Ma for 13CPDB in a two meter concretion. Trace element and isotopic data demonstrate that the initial septaria form contemporaneously with or soon after the rim of the concretion. Septarian vein-fill of yellow spar calcite and rare, very late dolomite are both interpreted as forming in mixed meteoric-marine porewaters, probably related to the regressive sea level cycles during the Tertiary after deposition of the Moeraki formation. The calculated 18OSMOW values for the mixed porewater from which the late calcites and dolomite could have precipitated are -5 and -8, respectively, assuming a maximum crystallization temperature of 40°C. The observed decrease in the Mn/Fe ratio and change in oxygen isotopic values with growth of the yellow spar stage is consistent with a change in the redox conditions and the gradual alteration of the mixed meteoric-marine water chemistry.
Aporte de la espectroscopia a la estimación de carbono orgánico de los suelos de la planicie de Versalles, Francia Contribution of spectroscopy to soil organic carbon estimation in the plains of Versailles, France

At present, it is necessary to understand the spatial distribution of soil organic carbon (OC), so as to assess carbon storage and soil fertility. Remote sensing allows at territorial scales evaluating the spectral properties of surfaces associated with the ground. A method based on field and laboratory spectroscopy to predict the OC was developed. The prediction was done on 12 agricultural plots of bare soil in the plain of Versailles, France. The estimation was carried out with a partial least square regression calculated over 182 bands in the domain of 350-2500 nm. The field model was acceptable, with a R2 of 0. 61 and an error of 4.1 g OC kg-1 of dry soil. The laboratory model was further adjusted with an R2 of 0.84 and an error of 2. 55 g OC kg-1 of dry soil. These methodological contributions allow obtaining the pedological
Generalized Fisher-Darmois-Koopman-Pitman Theorem and Rao-Blackwell Type Estimators for Power-Law Distributions

This paper generalizes the notion of sufficiency for estimation problems beyond maximum likelihood. In particular, we consider estimation problems based on Jones et al. and Basu et al. likelihood functions that are popular among distance-based robust inference methods. We first characterize the probability distributions that always have a fixed number of sufficient statistics (independent of sample size) with respect to these likelihood functions. These distributions are power-law extensions of the usual exponential family and contain Student distributions as a special case. We then extend the notion of minimal sufficient statistics and compute it for these power-law families. Finally, we establish a Rao-Blackwell-type theorem for finding the best estimators for a power-law family. This helps us establish Cramér-Rao-type lower bounds for power-law families.
Context-Dependent P2 Plasticity Dynamics in the Monetary Incentive Delay Task

Understanding how humans process feedback, predictions, and prediction errors, as well as their relationship to reinforcement magnitude, is crucial both for elucidating the mechanisms driving human economic behavior and for informing the development of new models of neuroplasticity and learning-related brain reorganization. The aim of our study was to investigate learning-associated plastic changes by examining alterations in evoked potentials in response to auditory cues during one of the most used empirical trials in neuroeconomics - monetary incentive delay (MID) task. Our findings demonstrate that associating a previously neutral auditory stimulus with a specific monetary loss can induce plastic changes manifesting as context-dependent enhancement of auditory evoked potential amplitudes. These results contribute to existing models of learning and decision-making and add to our understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying reinforcement learning.
ELECTROCHEMICAL REMEDIATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR METALS REMEDIATION IN SOIL, SEDIMENT AND GROUND WATER, PRESENTATION OF CASE HISTORIES

ElectroChemical Remediation Technologies (ECRTs) utilize an AC/DC current passed between an electrode pair (one anode and one cathode) in soil, sediment, or ground water to either mineralize organic contaminants through the ElectroChemicalGeoOxidation (ECGO) process, or complex, mobilize, and remove metal contaminants through the Induced Complexation (IC) process, either in-situ or ex-situ. Field remediation data suggest that ECRTs-IC cause electrochemical reactions in soil, sediment, and ground water that generate metallic ion complexes from the target contaminant metals. These complexes, along with naturally occurring dissolved metals, migrate to the electrodes down the electrokinetic gradient and are either concentrated at the electrode (e.g., cesium, strontium) or deposited onto the electrodes (e.g., mercury, cadmium, lead). The metal contaminants concentrated at the electrodes can be pumped and treated, and the metals that deposit on the electrodes can be either disposed of or recycled. ECRTs-IC operates at electrical power levels below those of conventional electrokinetic methods. A unique feature of ECRTs-IC, in marked contrast to electrokinetics, is that metals generally migrate to both the anode and cathode. European field projects include remediation of (1) mercury in brackish water silty sediments, where 76 kg (168 lbs) of mostly mercury were deposited at both electrodes in 26 days of total remediation time; (2) parts per billion ground water contamination of a variety of metals beneath a steel mill waste lagoon, where metal concentration decreases up to 93% were achieved in 30 days of total remediation time; and (3) mercury in sewage sludge contaminated with dental amalgams, which showed an average decrease from 35 mg/kg to 0.185 mg/kg in seven days. A recently completed U.S. laboratory test for the U.S. Department of Energy under fresh water conditions corroborated the European field remediation results. Existing field and laboratory results indicate that ECRTs-IC is a rapid and effective remediation process.
Perceptions of Mobile Device Website Design: Culture, Gender and Age Comparisons

Anytime anywhere services offered through mobile commerce hold great potential to serve customers in wireless environments. However, there is limited understanding of how mobile Web site design is perceived by diverse users. This chapter explores how users who differ by culture, age, and gender perceive the design of a mobile device and their subsequent level of satisfaction with the device. Sixty subjects were tested in a controlled laboratory experiment on an Internet enabled phone. The results of a quantitative analysis were statistically inconclusive in terms of cultural and gender differences, but significant differences were found between older and younger users. However, an in-depth qualitative analysis of interview transcripts revealed some interesting differences among cultural, gender and age groups. Consistent with findings in the stationary Internet domain, design elements were found to impact satisfaction with mobile services.
Human emotion processing accuracy, negative biases, and fMRI activation are associated with childhood trauma

Introduction Emerging literature suggests that childhood trauma may influence facial emotion perception (FEP), with the potential to negatively bias both emotion perception and reactions to emotion-related inputs. Negative emotion perception biases are associated with a range of psychiatric and behavioral problems, potentially due or as a result of difficult social interactions. Unfortunately, there is a poor understanding of whether observed negative biases are related to childhood trauma history, depression history, or processes common to (and potentially causative of) both experiences. Methods The present cross-sectional study examines the relation between FEP and neural activation during FEP with retrospectively reported childhood trauma in young adult participants with remitted major depressive disorder (rMDD, n = 41) and without psychiatric histories (healthy controls [HC], n = 34). Accuracy of emotion categorization and negative bias errors during FEP and brain activation were each measured during exposure to fearful, angry, happy, sad, and neutral faces. We examined participant behavioral and neural responses in relation to total reported severity of childhood abuse and neglect (assessed with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, CTQ). Results Results corrected for multiple comparisons indicate that higher trauma scores were associated with greater likelihood of miscategorizing happy faces as angry. Activation in the right middle frontal gyrus (MFG) positively correlated with trauma scores when participants viewed faces that they correctly categorized as angry, fearful, sad, and happy. Discussion Identifying the neural mechanisms by which childhood trauma and MDD may change facial emotion perception could inform targeted prevention efforts for MDD or related interpersonal difficulties.
DESIGNED TECHNIQUES FOR SMART CITIES USING MACHINE LEARNING IN THE INTERNET OF THINGS

This article delves into the notion of smart cities, as well as the significance of the Network of Things (also known as IoT) and machine learning (ML), particularly in achieving a cantered around data smart ecosystem. Smart cities use technology and data to improve inhabitants' quality of life and enhance the effectiveness of urban services. IoT research has transformed services, particularly in smart cities. IoT applications are used in smart cities requiring the participation of individuals. The concept of the smart city has been used to deal with the usage of computer technology and serves as a response to the economic, social, and political issues that post-industrial governments face around the turn of this century. The study and method generated reveal that the random forest approach was the best option for analysing information in the self-configuration of electronics and communications networks, and that edge computing has a boost in terms of energy constraint and latency. The primary emphasis is on coping with urban society's difficulties, such as pollution, a changing demographic expanding populations, and healthcare, as well as the economic collapse or shortage of supplies. On the other hand, the IoT expansion has considerably spawned different study avenues for smart cities. With smart city use cases in mind, the study that is suggested introduces the analytical networking process (ANP) for analysing smart cities. The ANP method works effectively when the environment is of complexity, and there is some confusion among the available possibilities. The intended approach's testing findings suggest that it is useful for assessing smart city initiatives for IoT using use cases.
Intelligent Data-Driven Decision Support for Agricultural Systems-ID3SAS

The agricultural sector worldwide faces serious problems regarding water scarcity, which demands innovative management methods to optimise water use. In response, we propose the Intelligent Data-Driven Decision Support for Agricultural Systems (ID3SAS) methodology, which offers a scalable, flexible, and cloud-based decision support system for real-time supervision and control in agricultural environments. Aligned with the prevailing trends of Agriculture 4.0, ID3SAS integrates data acquisition, cloud-based storage, machine learning, predictive analysis, and run-time reasoning to facilitate decision-making processes, thereby assisting users in making more informed and sustainable decisions. In a case study with tomato plants, ID3SAS-irrigated plants showed 20.9% reduction in water consumption and 26.4% increase in crop production compared to traditional methods, which despite the controlled laboratory environment setting, highlights the methodology’s promising potential in addressing water scarcity and enhancing agricultural productivity.
Evaluation of the Spread of Respiratory Diseases in the City of Batna Cover a Period of Five Years (2018-2023)

Respiratory diseases pose a major public health concern in many cities worldwide, and the city of Batna is no exception. Over the past five years (2018-2023), respiratory diseases have likely been one of the primary health concerns for healthcare professionals and public health authorities in this region. This article provides an in-depth evaluation of the spread of these diseases in the city of Batna, focusing on trends, risk factors, high-risk seasons, and implications for public health and presents a comprehensive evaluation of the spread of respiratory diseases in the city of Batna over a five-year period, from 2018 to 2023. Respiratory diseases constitute a major public health issue in this urban region and have been a significant concern for healthcare professionals and authorities. The study methodology relies on extensive data collection from hospitals, health centers, and clinics in Batna, taking into account demographic, climatic, and environmental factors. Trend analysis reveals seasonal variations and significant increases in the spread of respiratory diseases. Risk factors such as air pollution, outbreaks of respiratory viruses, smoking, and housing conditions are also examined. The findings provide recommendations to improve prevention, early diagnosis, and management of respiratory diseases, with the goal of reducing their impact on the population of Batna. This study offers future perspectives to strengthen public health strategies and deepen the understanding of the mechanisms of disease propagation. By highlighting these crucial aspects, this article contributes to raising awareness among policymakers and healthcare professionals about the importance of combating respiratory diseases in this specific region.