Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Thermal-hydraulic numerical simulation of fuel sub-assembly for Sodium-cooled Fast Reactor

La these porte sur la simulation de la thermohydraulique et des transferts thermiques dans un faisceau d'aiguilles d'assemblage combustible de reacteur a neutrons rapides a caloporteur sodium.Des premiers calculs ont ete realises par une approche moyennee de type RANS a l'aide du code industriel STAR-CCM+. De cette modelisation, il ressort une meilleure comprehension des transferts de chaleur operes entre les aiguilles et le sodium. Les principales grandeurs macroscopiques de l'ecoulement sont en accord avec les correlations. Cependant, afin d'obtenir une description detaillee des fluctuations de temperature au niveau des fils espaceur, une approche plus detaillee de type LES et DNS est apparue indispensable. Pour la partie LES, le code TRIO_U a ete utilise. Concernant la partie DNS, un code de recherche a ete utilise. Ces approches requierent des temps de calculs considerables qui ont necessite des geometries representatives mais simplifiees.L'approche DNS permet d'etudier l'ecoulement a bas nombre de Prandtl, qui induit un comportement tres different du champ thermique relativement au champ hydraulique. Le calcul LES de l'assemblage montre que la presence du fil espaceur genere l'apparition de points chauds locaux (~20°C) en aval de celui-ci par rapport a l'ecoulement sodium, au niveau de son contact avec l'aiguille. Les fluctuations de temperature au niveau des fils espaceur sont faibles (~1°C-2°C). En regime nominal, l'analyse spectrale montre l'absence de grande amplitude d'oscillations de temperature a basse frequence (2-10 Hz); les consequences sur la tenue mecanique des structures devront etre analysees.
Novel Function of Nogo-A as Negative Regulator of Endothelial Progenitor Cell Angiogenic Activity: Impact in Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy

Endothelial Progenitor Cells (EPCs) can actively participate in revascularization in oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR). Yet the mechanisms responsible for their dysfunction is unclear. Nogo-A, whose function is traditionally related to the inhibition of neurite function in the central nervous system, has recently been documented to display anti-angiogenic pro-repellent properties. Based on the significant impact of EPCs in retinal vascularization, we surmised that Nogo-A affects EPC function, and proceeded to investigate the role of Nogo-A on EPC function in OIR. The expression of Nogo-A and its specific receptor NgR1 was significantly increased in isolated EPCs exposed to hyperoxia, as well as in EPCs isolated from rats subjected to OIR compared with respective controls (EPCs exposed to normoxia). EPCs exposed to hyperoxia displayed reduced migratory and tubulogenic activity, associated with the suppressed expression of prominent EPC-recruitment factors SDF-1/CXCR4. The inhibition of Nogo-A (using a Nogo-66 neutralizing antagonist peptide) or siRNA-NGR1 in hyperoxia-exposed EPCs restored SDF-1/CXCR4 expression and, in turn, rescued the curtailed neovascular functions of EPCs in hyperoxia. The in vivo intraperitoneal injection of engineered EPCs (Nogo-A-inhibited or NgR1-suppressed) in OIR rats at P5 (prior to exposure to hyperoxia) prevented retinal and choroidal vaso-obliteration upon localization adjacent to vasculature; coherently, the inhibition of Nogo-A/NgR1 in EPCs enhanced the expression of key angiogenic factors VEGF, SDF-1, PDGF, and EPO in retina; CXCR4 knock-down abrogated suppressed NgR1 pro-angiogenic effects. The findings revealed that hyperoxia-induced EPC malfunction is mediated to a significant extent by Nogo-A/NgR1 signaling via CXCR4 suppression; the inhibition of Nogo-A in EPCs restores specific angiogenic growth factors in retina and the ensuing vascularization of the retina in an OIR model.
Teacher Support, Academic Self-Efficacy, Student Engagement, and Academic Achievement in Emergency Online Learning

With a sample of 651 university students experiencing emergency online learning during COVID-19, this study constructed a structural equation modelling to examine the effects of teacher support on students’ academic achievement, with a particular focus on the mediating roles of academic self-efficacy and student engagement. The results show that teacher support had significant total influences on university students’ academic achievement. Furthermore, academic self-efficacy and student engagement, respectively, mediated the effects of teacher support on students’ academic achievement. In addition, academic self-efficacy and student engagement sequentially mediated the effects of teacher support on students’ academic achievement. Research implications are also discussed.
PERAN HIDRASI KULIT DAN PERBAIKAN SAWAR KULIT PADA XEROSIS DAN PRURITUS DI USIA LANJUT

Pendahuluan: Proses penuaan kulit menyebabkan perubahan kulit pada usia lanjut. Terjadi penurunan kadar hidrasi dan perubahan sawar kulit yang akan bermanifestasi pada perubahan struktur kulit dan menimbulkan xerosis serta pruritus. Metode Penelitian: Literatur dikumpulkan secara elektronik maupun tertulis dari PubMed, Sinta dan buku ajar dermatologi geriatrik dengan total 46 literatur berbahasa Inggris maupun Indonesia. Hasil dan Pembahasan: Pada kulit usia lanjut terjadi penurunan kemampuan kulit untuk mempertahankan air pada stratum korneum, sehingga menyebabkan penurunan kadar hidrasi kulit. Proses diferensiasi sel kulit pada usia lanjut lebih lambat dibandingkan usia muda, hal ini menyebabkan terganggunya permeabilitas kulit dan penurunan fungsi sawar kulit. Perubahan fisiologis tersebut dapat diperberat dengan adanya penyakit metabolik pada usia lanjut berupa diabetes melitus. Tatalaksana xerosis dan pruritus dapat berupa topikal dan oral yang bersifat simptomatik dengan tujuan meningkatkan hidrasi kulit dan menunjang struktural sawar kulit. Kesimpulan dan Saran: Peran hidrasi dan sawar kulit sangat penting dalam menjaga kelembaban kulit pada orang usia lanjut. Penurunan fungsi sawar kulit dan kadar hidrasi kulit dapat disebabkan oleh karena faktor ekternal maupun internal, sehingga dibutuhkan tata laksana yang komprehensif pada kulit orang usia lanjut untuk menjaga kadar hidrasi kulit dan sawar kulit.
Is Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Level Associated with Severity of COVID-19? A Retrospective Study

(1) Background: SARS-COV2 infection has a clinical spectrum ranging from asymptomatic infection to COVID-19 with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Although vitamin D deficiency is often found in patients with ARDS, its role in COVID-19 is not clear. The aim of this study was to explore a possible association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and the severity of COVID-19 in hospitalised patients. (2) Methods: In this retrospective observational study, we analysed data from 763 patients hospitalised for COVID-19 in 2020 and 2021. Patients were included in the study if serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D was assessed 30 days before or after hospital admission. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as <50 nmol/L (<20 ng/mL). The primary outcome was COVID-19 severity. (3) Results: The overall median serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level was 54 nmol/L (IQR 35–76); 47% of the patients were vitamin D deficient. Most patients had mild to moderate COVID-19 and no differences were observed between vitamin D deficient and non-deficient patients (81% vs. 84% of patients, respectively p = 0.829). (4) Conclusion: No association was found between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and COVID-19 severity in this large observational study conducted over 2 years of the pandemic.
Resilient and Privacy-Preserving Leader-Follower Consensus in Presence of Cyber-Attacks

This letter presents a novel and unified distributed control framework that ensures resilient leader-follower consensus in the presence of unknown but bounded attacks on both the communication network and actuators while simultaneously preserving the privacy of an agent’s physical state from eavesdroppers. To this end, a virtual state and time-varying signals are introduced to each agent, which function as masks to the physical state and are designed to ensure resilient leader-follower consensus. The proposed control strategy does not require high network connectivity and imposes no restrictions on the number of attacks. A numerical example is provided to illustrate the results.
A local recovery routing protocol with clustering coefficient

Nodes in ad hoc networks communicate with other nodes via wireless multi-hop links. In on-demand routing protocol, nodes want to send data will provide route discovery to find routes. Route discovery is typically performed via flooding, which consumes a lot of control packets. Due to node mobility, the network topology change frequently and cause the route broken. In this paper, we propose a local recovery routing protocol with clustering coefficient (LRRCC) which can reduce the route discovery times when route failure occur. The clustering coefficient is one of properties in complex network. Simulation results show our protocol can decrease the number of control packets and increase route delivery ratio.
WheatSpikeNet: an improved wheat spike segmentation model for accurate estimation from field imaging

Phenotyping is used in plant breeding to identify genotypes with desirable characteristics, such as drought tolerance, disease resistance, and high-yield potentials. It may also be used to evaluate the effect of environmental circumstances, such as drought, heat, and salt, on plant growth and development. Wheat spike density measure is one of the most important agronomic factors relating to wheat phenotyping. Nonetheless, due to the diversity of wheat field environments, fast and accurate identification for counting wheat spikes remains one of the challenges. This study proposes a meticulously curated and annotated dataset, named as SPIKE-segm, taken from the publicly accessible SPIKE dataset, and an optimal instance segmentation approach named as WheatSpikeNet for segmenting and counting wheat spikes from field imagery. The proposed method is based on the well-known Cascade Mask RCNN architecture with model enhancements and hyperparameter tuning to provide state-of-the-art detection and segmentation performance. A comprehensive ablation analysis incorporating many architectural components of the model was performed to determine the most efficient version. In addition, the model’s hyperparameters were fine-tuned by conducting several empirical tests. ResNet50 with Deformable Convolution Network (DCN) as the backbone architecture for feature extraction, Generic RoI Extractor (GRoIE) for RoI pooling, and Side Aware Boundary Localization (SABL) for wheat spike localization comprises the final instance segmentation model. With bbox and mask mean average precision (mAP) scores of 0.9303 and 0.9416, respectively, on the test set, the proposed model achieved superior performance on the challenging SPIKE datasets. Furthermore, in comparison with other existing state-of-the-art methods, the proposed model achieved up to a 0.41% improvement of mAP in spike detection and a significant improvement of 3.46% of mAP in the segmentation tasks that will lead us to an appropriate yield estimation from wheat plants.
Acceptance Analysis of Electric Heavy Trucks and Battery Swapping Stations in the German Market

Heavy-duty vehicles are a major contributor to CO2 emissions in the transportation sector, and it is necessary to develop clean and green technologies to replace diesel trucks. Electric trucks have not reached a breakthrough in the German market. In addition to technology development, customer acceptance of new technologies is a critical factor in the success of sustainable transportation policies. This study aims to fill this knowledge gap by investigating the perceptions regarding electric trucks and providing insights into the acceptance of these technologies. Data and arguments on the expected risks and benefits of heavy-duty electric trucks, with a special focus on the battery swapping solution, were collected through a survey and expert interviews in the German commercial transport sector. The authors collected a sample of 146 qualitative responses and 61 individual statements on the expected risks and benefits of electric trucks and battery swapping. While the responses to the classified questions are overwhelmingly positive, the individual statements show that there are still many open questions.
Light climate and its impact on Potamogeton pectinatus L. in a shallow eutrophic lake

In situ irradiance measurements were performed during 1986 and 1987, to obtain information on the nature of the light climate and on factors governing the absorption (a), scattering (ft) and beam attenuation coefficient (c) in the water column of a shallow eutrophic lake (Lake Veluwe). Phytoplankton chlorophyll-a concentration ranged from 2 to 85 mg.m", the seston concentration from 8 to 148 mg dry weight.l' and gilvin concentration from 0.79 to 1.11 m (gm). The vertical attenuation coefficient (Kd) varied between 1.56 and 6.76 m' . The relative effects of water itself, gilvin, phytoplankton, and tripton on a, b and c showed relatively small seasonal variation. The relative effects of water and gilvin on c were of minor importance (less than 10%). Phytoplankton attributed 6 to 20% to a, 3 to 33% (with a peak value of 55%) to b and less than 30% to c. Tripton was the dominant factor determining the diminution of irradiance penetrating the water column in Lake Veluwe. Irradiance was strongly scattered which was mainly due to tripton. The spectral distribution of the photosynthetically active radiation was progressively compressed with depth into a region between 550 and 700 nm. Water absorbed strongly in the red regions of the spectrum, and gilvin and seston in the blue regions. The seston concentration was positively correlated with wind-induced resuspension of bottom material. It was concluded that an improvement of the underwater light climate requires a reduction in resuspension of bottom particles.
Long-term proton pump inhibitors use and its association with premalignant gastric lesions: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Long-term maintenance therapy with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) is a common treatment strategy for acid-related gastrointestinal diseases. However, concerns have been raised about the potential increased risk of gastric cancer and related precancerous lesions with long-term PPI use. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate this potential risk. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for randomised controlled trials published before 1 March 2023, with no language restrictions. The primary endpoint was the occurrence and progression of gastric mucosal atrophy, intestinal metaplasia, Enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cell hyperplasia, gastric polyps, and gastric cancer during the trial and follow-up. Data were analysed using a random effects model. Results: Of the 4,868 identified studies, 10 met the inclusion criteria and were included in our analysis, comprising 27,283 participants. Compared with other treatments, PPI maintenance therapy for more than 6 months was associated with an increased risk of ECL cell hyperplasia (OR 3.01; 95% CI 1.29 to 7.04; p = 0.01). However, no significant increase was found in the risk of gastric mucosal atrophy (OR 1.01; 95% CI 0.55 to 1.85; p = 0.97), intestinal metaplasia (OR 1.14; 95% CI 0.49 to 2.68; p = 0.76), gastric polyps (OR 1.13; 95% CI 0.68 to 1.89; p = 0.64), or gastric cancer (OR 1.06; 95% CI 0.79 to 1.43; p = 0.71). Conclusion: This systematic review and meta-analysis does not support an increased risk of gastric cancer or related precancerous lesions with long-term PPI maintenance therapy. However, long-term PPI use should be monitored for potential complications such as ECL cell hyperplasia. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings and evaluate the safety of PPI maintenance therapy for acid-related gastrointestinal diseases. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd. york.ac. uk/prospero/, Identifier: PROSPERO (CRD42022379692).
Climate Change in Prehistory: The End of the Reign of Chaos

1. Introduction 2. The climate of the last 100,000 years 3. Life in the Ice Age 4. The evolutionary implications of living with the Ice Age 5. Emerging from the Ice Age 6. Recorded history 7. Our climatic inheritance 8. The future Appendix Bibliography References.
Modelling Moisture Sorption Isotherms of Superabsorbent Polymer Fabric for Desiccant Drying of Crops

Desiccants are important in the drying of temperature-sensitive grains such as seeds for planting. Superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) have previously been identified for possible application in the drying of crops. Applying the gravimetric technique to measure the sorption isotherms and the effectiveness of the desiccant in crop drying was determined at temperatures 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, and 55°C. Using R statistical software, eleven sorption isotherm models were fitted to the experimental data using the nonlinear regression functions. The coefficients of each model were obtained. The modified Freundlich, modified Henderson, and modified Oswin models best predicted the experimental data for the study temperature range. Using symbolic regression and nonlinear regression in R software, four mathematical models were obtained. R software codes were assembled for the analysis of sorption isotherm models. Compared to the existing models, the developed models were found to give a more statistically accurate association between the temperature, moisture content of SAP fabric, and relative humidity.
MAGE-A Antigens and Cancer Immunotherapy

MAGE-A antigens are expressed in a variety of cancers of diverse histological origin and germinal cells. Due to their relatively high tumor specificity, they represent attractive targets for active specific and adoptive cancer immunotherapies. Here, we (i) review past and ongoing clinical studies targeting these antigens, (ii) analyze advantages and disadvantages of different therapeutic approaches, and (iii) discuss possible improvements in MAGE-A-specific immunotherapies.
An Inquiry-Based Learning Approach to Teaching Undergraduate Cryptology

This article describes the author's experience designing and implementing an inquiry-based learning (IBL) pedagogical approach to an upper-division undergraduate cryptology course. The author shares the course goals and how the IBL style supports their achievement. The article concludes with sample activities – in-class exercises that touch on one-time pad, the Birthday Problem, the Meet-in-the-Middle attack, and Diffie–Hellman key exchange protocol, and a programing assignment on the Vigenère cipher.
Effect of Impregnation of Activated Carbon with Selected Transition Metal Ions on Its Adsorption Properties and Pore Size

Abstract. Thanks to their vast surface area, activated carbons are materials of great interest. They are used as adsorbents for both liquid- and gaseous impurities. To improve their properties, impregnation with different substances is conducted. In this paper, such an impregnation was done using copper(II), manganese(II), silver(I), and zinc(II) salts. The aim was to compare the inner structure of the impregnated activated carbon with a non-impregnated one. It was done by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) adsorption-desorption isotherms that were plotted and described. Lastly, the pore size and volume were determined by Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) method. The results show that the presence of zinc(II) salts helped to develop the mesoporous structure of activated carbon and resulted in an increase in the surface area of the sorbents, while silver(I) decreased it.
A dinamica biogeoquimica do mercurio na bacia do Rio Negro (AM) e fluxos na interface agua/atmosfera

A investigacao da dinâmica biogeoquimica do mercurio e dos fluxos do mercurio dissolvido gasoso (MDG) na interface agua/atmosfera na bacia do Rio Negro foi realizada a partir de quatro linhas de trabalho: a) as medidas das concentracoes de mercurio total na atmosfera; do mercurio total, mercurio reativo e mercurio dissolvido gasoso em aguas superficiais; e do mercurio total em aguas de precipitacao atmosferica; b) estimativas diuturnas dos fluxos do mercurio dissolvido gasoso (MDG) em aguas superficiais brancas e pretas; c) experimentos fotoquimicos in situ com aguas brancas e pretas e d) integracao dos resultados dos itens anteriores com as caracteristicas das sub-bacias dos tributarios do Rio Negro mediante a aplicacao do Sistema de Informacoes Geograficas (SIG) e do Sensoriamento Remoto (SR). Esta abordagem permitiu elaborar um modelo para o comportamento do fluxo do MDG na interface agua/atmosfera, bem como fornecer subsidios para a elaboracao de um modelo geral para o ciclo biogeoquimico do mercurio na bacia do Rio Negro. Dos resultados obtidos destaca-se a existencia de mecanismos fotoredutores e foto-oxidantes em aguas pretas, este ultimo promovido pelo H2O2 e pelo radical OH, oriundo da reacao de Fenton, processo este vinculado as caracteristicas da materia orgânica dissolvida. Os fluxos do MDG permaneceram proximos a 2,2 pmol m h e a massa total de mercurio exportada para atmosfera via interface agua/atmosfera foi de 0,26 t ano. O valor medio da deposicao umida de mercurio para 18 sub-bacias dos tributarios do Rio Negro foi de 22,9 mg m ano. E importante tambem ressaltar que o mercurio esta se acumulando no interior da bacia a uma taxa aproximada de 13,4 t ano, sendo que a retencao deste metal esta diretamente ligada aos tipos de solos. Abstract
NASA's Modern Era Retrospective-Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA): Early Results and Future Directions

This talk will review the status and progress of the NASA/Global Modeling and Assimilation Office (GMAO) atmospheric global reanalysis project called the Modern Era Retrospective-Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA). An overview of NASA's emerging capabilities for assimilating a variety of other Earth Science observations of the land, ocean, and atmospheric constituents will also be presented. MERRA supports NASA Earth science by synthesizing the current suite of research satellite observations in a climate data context (covering the period 1979-present), and by providing the science and applications communities with of a broad range of weather and climate data with an emphasis on improved estimates of the hydrological cycle. MERRA is based on a major new version of the Goddard Earth Observing System Data Assimilation System (GEOS-5), that includes the Earth System Modeling Framework (ESMF)-based GEOS-5 atmospheric general circulation model and the new NOAA National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) unified grid-point statistical interpolation (GST) analysis scheme developed as a collaborative effort between NCEP and the GMAO. In addition to MERRA, the GMAO is developing new capabilities in aerosol and constituent assimilation, ocean, ocean biology, and land surface assimilation. This includes the development of an assimilation capability for tropospheric air quality monitoring and prediction, the development of a carbon-cycle modeling and assimilation system, and an ocean data assimilation system for use in coupled short-term climate forecasting.
Research and Application of Metal–Organic Framework in Surface Modification of Biomaterials—A Review

Surface modification is one of the core technologies in the field of biomedical materials. The fundamental purpose is to enable the surface of biomass materials to have better biocompatibility to better meet clinical needs. A metal–organic framework (MOF) is composed of organic links and metal nodes. It is a type of new crystal porous material with important application potential. In recent years, it has been explored in the field of biomass materials. This review introduces the structure and synthesis of MOF and systematically combs, summarizes and evaluates the research and application of MOF in cardiovascular therapy, tumor therapy, bone tissue engineering and other scenarios, in order to provide reference and inspiration for subsequent researchers.