Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
TRPC Channels in neuronal Survival

The rapid expansion of the TRP field has generated a large amount of excellent original work across many different research fields. However, investigators are not necessarily familiar with the pros and cons of the variety of methods used to study TRP channels. Because of functional and genetic diversity, as well as the different physiological roles they play, techniques used for studying TRP channels range from single molecular analysis to behavioral animal studies. Methods in multiple areas, such as molecular biology, fluorescence imaging, electrophysiology, cell biology, genetics, proteomics, pharmacology, system physiology, and behavioral assessment, are employed to investigate various aspects of these channels. Choosing among many possible topics in these broad areas was a daunting task. A comprehensive review of the field, TRP Channels spans the information gap by providing broad coverage of current methods and techniques commonly used in TRP channel research, and detailed protocols with thorough discussions of the advantages and disadvantages across methods. Some topics covered include 1.Mammalian, Drosophila and C. elegans TRP channels 2.Practical protocols for functional studies of TRP channels, including TRPC, TRPV, TRPA, TRPM and the intracellularly localized TRPML channels 3.ThermoTRPs, including the new fast temperature jump apparatus and the high throughput random mutagenesis method for screening critical motifs involved in TRP channel regulation 4.Cell-based high-throughput screening assays for TRP channels and their applications in drug discoveries 5.TRP channel functions in native cells, including smooth muscles, neurons, and cancers Showcasing the current status of the field, TRP Channels covers the major techniques used in various areas of research. The majority of the chapters are protocol oriented, with the goal of providing clear directions for laboratory use. Because of the breadth of the TRP field, the applications of some methods are described in multiple chapters by experts working on a variety of channel types that serve different physiological functions, highlighting distinctive views on how the methodology can be utilized. Some chapters include discussion on the usefulness and pitfalls associated with the use of certain techniques. Together with chapters that offer comprehensive reviews on the functional regulation and other roles of TRP channels, students and investigators new to the field should find this book particularly informative.
Effect of Fragrance Inhalation of Grapefruit Essential Oil on Blood Pressure and Baroreflex Sensitivity in Human with, and without, Family History of Hypertension

Fragrance inhalation of essential oils used in aromatherapy can affect blood pressure (BP) and autonomic nervous system in humans. Considerably wide individual variations have been observed in the response, but the background factors behind the wide individual variations remain unknown. Previous studies have reported that resting circulatory variables and baroreflex sensitivity, and also the response of BP and muscle sympathetic nerve activity with mental stress and upright tilting are different between subjects with and without family history of hypertension (FH). We tested the hypothesis that the response of BP with fragrance inhalation of grapefruit essential oil (GF) was different between subjects with (FH+) and without FH (FH−).
Proposal for a Penn Bookstore Internship Program in Events and Marketing

The purpose of this thesis is to propose the creation of an events/marketing internship program at the Penn Bookstore. I begin with a review of common terms and definitions used to describe student-learning experiences. Penn has multiple resources available to undergraduate students looking for an internship. Based on a review of internship programs offered through Penn and at a variety of local organizations, I identify and describe common and unique program categories. In addition, I examine three internship program models from the perspective of academic, non-profit and corporate/for-profit organizational settings. Based on this review, I propose my vision for an internship program model for the Penn Bookstore. I conclude by relating the benefits of the proposed internship program to the Bookstore, the undergraduate student community at Penn, and the University. Comments Submitted to the Program of Organizational Dynamics In the Graduate Division of the School of Arts and Sciences In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Master of Science in Organizational Dynamics at the University of Pennsylvania Advisor: Larry M. Starr This thesis or dissertation is available at ScholarlyCommons: http://repository.upenn. edu/od_theses_msod/26 PROPOSAL FOR A PENN BOOKSTORE INTERNSHIP PROGRAM IN EVENTS AND MARKETING
Ethno-Pharmacological Relevance/Features of Some Latin American Wild Medicinal Plants

The traditional herbal healers, along with wild medicinal plants and the knowledge they have about them, in certain regions of Latin America, are the prevalent alternatives for some people/communities to cover any primary health care requirements (e.g., treatment to prevent/improve/release pain/symptoms/ disorders/diseases). traditional (plant-based) medicine has gained worldwide acceptance because the plants used for this purpose have been apparently efficacious and safe for a long time (decades/centuries), these being some reasons why the WHO created the traditional, complementary and integrative unit. (WHO 2019). Despite this, it is important to remember (i) what “ethnopharmacology” studies are about, which are, shortly, the uses, possible action modes, and bioproperties of plant-based preparations; and (ii) the contribution made by phytochemistry and pharmacology along with other related sciences (botany, pharmacy, microbiology, virology, parasitology, etc.) to find/check any biologically active drugs (molecules/fractions/extracts). In that sense, traditional medicine systems need more evidence-based studies that allow establishing the pharmacological potential together with the validation of therapeutic uses of medicinal plants and its chemical constituents [isolated or mixtures (fractions/extracts)] in such a way that safety and effectiveness are verified, as well as to reveal/understand their preventive and/or therapeutic mechanisms (Mukherjee et al. 2010, Schmidt and Klaser-Cheng 2017).
Personal Libraries: Collection Management as a Tool for Lightweight Personal and Group Document Management

The traditional model of scholarly information dissemination works like this: Originators create works, which they submit to publishers. Publishers filter these submissions, generally assembling those works that pass through the filter into aggregates (i.e., journals), which they then make available. Libraries select and assemble these aggregates into collections, which they maintain and organize. Libraries make the collections accessible to users, and also, attempt to preserve what they have assembled.
Separating Smartphone advertising from applications

A wide variety of smartphone applications today rely on third-party advertising services, which provide libraries that are linked into the hosting application. This situation is undesirable for both the application author and the advertiser. Advertising libraries require additional permissions, resulting in additional permission requests to users. Likewise, a malicious application could simulate the behavior of the advertising library, forging the user’s interaction and effectively stealing money from the advertiser. This thesis describes AdSplit, where we extended Android to allow an application and its advertising to run as separate processes, under separate user-ids, eliminating the need for applications to request permissions on behalf of their advertising libraries. We also leverage mechanisms from QUIRE to allow the remote server to validate the authenticity of client-side behavior. In this thesis, we quantify the degree of permission bloat caused by advertising, with a study of thousands of downloaded apps. AdSplit automatically recompiles apps to extract their ad services, and we measure minimal runtime overhead. We also observe that most ad libraries just embed an HTML widget within and describe how AdSplit can be designed with this in mind to avoid any need for ads to have native code.
Real-time Fully Automated Internal Layer Segmentation of Human Retina in Optical Coherence Tomography Images

In the field of ophthalmology, optical coherence tomography (OCT) has proven to be a powerful imaging technique when it comes to diagnosing various eye-related diseases. This research article introduces a real-time automatic retinal layer segmentation algorithm based on intensity variation in the OCT images. The built algorithm is capable of detecting internal retinal layers like the internal limiting membrane (ILM), the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) with micrometer level precision, the algorithm uses openMP for parallelized computation for real-time visualization of the segmented retinal layers. The total execution time of the algorithm was evaluated using various image sizes and compared with the OCT frame rate to demonstrate the efficiency of real-time segmentation.
The Dynamics of Earthquake Source

Abstract Liliana Hromadov¶aThe Dynamics of Earthquake Source Comenius UniversityFaculty of Mathematics, Physics and InformaticsDepartment of Astronomy, Physics of the Earth, and MeteorologySupervisor: Prof. RNDr. Peter Moczo, DrSc.Bratislava 200750 pagesThe presented thesis is intended as an introduction to the physics of the earthquakesource focused on selected basic topics. We start with a presentation of a relativelysimple concept of a spontaneous rupture propagation on a fault surface as a basicmodel of a source of a tectonic earthquake. Basic concepts - slip, slip rate, total trac-tion, traction variation, and frictional strength on the faulting surface are deﬂned. The most general form of the constitutive law - the friction law - is given and brie°ycharacterized. We continue with presentation of the stress-strain relation, equation ofmotion, local form of the energy conservation law, and strain energy function assumingstandard natural state in the continuum mechanics - the state characterized by a zerostress and strain. Then we present generalization of these relations and concepts forthe case of the natural state characterized by a nonzero initial stress but zero strain.Such a natural state is convenient to consider as a state just prior an earthquake. Wecontinue with a concise summary of the four basic models of the seismoactive faultand earthquake rupture (fracture) - Gri–th’s, Irwin-Orowan’s, breakdown-zone andﬂnite-thickness model. A linear slip-weakening friction law is brie°y presented in re-lation to the breakdown-zone model as the simplest possible constitutive law for thefaulting surface. A brief characterization of the ﬂnite-thickness model is accompaniedby a short dictionary of basic geologic terms given in the appendix. Two chapters aredevoted to the energetic considerations. The ﬂrst law of thermodynamics is applied toa volume of the elastic continuum in three distinct cases - to a smooth volume without
Internet Agents: Spiders, Wanderers, Brokers, and 'Bots

This reference guide to one of the latest technologies on the Internet not only describes the benefits of using Agents and Bots and applying them to everyday scenarios, but also addresses the impact of Bots on a network's resources. -- Teaches users how to effectively manage network server resources -- Demonstrates time- and cost-saving features of spiders, wanderers, brokers, and bots-helping users become more productive -- Contains a current listing of all Agents, Bots, and Spiders available on the Internet today
Robust Evaluation of ENSO in Climate Models: How Many Ensemble Members Are Needed?

Large ensembles of model simulations require considerable resources, and thus defining an appropriate ensemble size for a particular application is an important experimental design criterion. We estimate the ensemble size (N) needed to assess a model’s ability to capture observed El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) behavior by utilizing the recently developed International CLIVAR ENSO Metrics Package. Using the larger ensembles available from CMIP6 and the US CLIVAR Large Ensemble Working Group, we find that larger ensembles are needed to robustly capture baseline ENSO characteristics (N > 50) and physical processes (N > 50) than the background climatology (N ≥ 12) and remote ENSO teleconnections (N ≥ 6). While these results vary somewhat across metrics and models, our study quantifies how larger ensembles are required to robustly evaluate simulated ENSO behavior, thereby providing some guidance for the design of model ensembles.
An Interactive Automation for Human Biliary Tree Diagnosis Using Computer Vision

The biliary tree is a network of tubes that connects the liver to the gallbladder, an organ right beneath it. The bile duct is the major tube in the biliary tree. The dilatation of a bile duct is a key indicator for more major problems in the human body, such as stones and tumors, which are frequently caused by the pancreas or the papilla of vater. The detection of bile duct dilatation can be challenging for beginner or untrained medical personnel in many circumstances. Even professionals are unable to detect bile duct dilatation with the naked eye. This research presents a unique vision-based model for biliary tree initial diagnosis. To segment the biliary tree from the Magnetic Resonance Image, the framework used different image processing approaches (MRI). After the image’s region of interest was segmented, numerous calculations were performed on it to extract 10 features, including major and minor axes, bile duct area, biliary tree area, compactness, and some textural features (contrast, mean, variance and correlation). This study used a database of images from King Hussein Medical Center in Amman, Jordan, which included 200 MRI images, 100 normal cases, and 100 patients with dilated bile ducts. After the characteristics are extracted, various classifiers are used to determine the patients’ condition in terms of their health (normal or dilated). The findings demonstrate that the extracted features perform well with all classifiers in terms of accuracy and area under the curve. This study is unique in that it uses an automated approach to segment the biliary tree from MRI images, as well as scientifically correlating retrieved features with biliary tree status that has never been done before in the literature.
Modeling and simulation of the primary circuit of the Paks nuclear power plant for control and diagnosis

Two related but different dynamic simulators of the primary circuit of the Paks Nuclear Power Plant in Hungary are described in this paper that have been built from a simple dynamic model based on first engineering principles. For dynamic analysis and controller design purposes a simple continuous time discrete-continuous hybrid state-space model has been developed that is implemented in the MATLAB/SIMULINK environment. This model has been extended by the fault models of non-compensable major leaking faults, and has been discretized to obtain a discrete event system model in the form of a coloured Petri net (CPN). The CPN model has been used to verify a safety procedure that initiates the draining of the liquid in the primary circuit when a non-compensable primary-to-secondary leaking fault occurs.
Optimization and kinetics of ultrasound-assisted solvent extraction of gamma oryzanol from dried rice bran soapstock

The effect was investigated of ultrasound-assisted solvent extraction (UASE) parameters on gamma oryzanol recovery from dried rice bran soapstock (DRBS) using a mixture of ethyl acetate and ethanol. The UASE parameters were ultrasound power (0.5 W/g, 2.5 W/g, 4.5 W/g), extraction temperature (35°C, 45°C, 55°C) and sonication time (4 min, 15 min, 26 min). The study used ethyl acetate:ethanol ratios (volume per volume; v/v) of 100:0%, 95:5%, 90:10%, 85:15%, 80:20% and 75:25% and the optimal ethyl acetate:ethanol mixture was 85:15% v/v. In the study, the UASE parameters were first optimized using a response surface method (RSM)-based, face-centered, composite design for maximum DRBS gamma oryzanol recovery. Subsequently, the kinetic behavior of the UASE process was characterized using a second-order kinetic model based on variable ultrasound power and extraction temperature, for a given sonication interval. The optimal RSM-based UASE condition was 4.0 W/g ultrasound power, 50°C extraction temperature and 21.50 min sonication time, achieving maximum predicted and experimental gamma oryzanol recoveries of 98.03% and 98.15%, respectively, which were in good agreement. The simulated and experimental kinetic results were also in agreement (coefficient of determination > 0.972), validating the applicability of the kinetic model for characterizing the effect of UASE parameters on DRBS gamma oryzanol recovery.
Warfighting in Cyberspace

Abstract : Our current and potential adversaries clearly understand the military potential of cyberspace and the expansive power of the medium. Terrorists employ the Internet for recruiting, training, motivating, and synchronizing their followers. They can operate essentially unrestrained and are free to innovate, unbound by law, policy, or precedent. Nations such as China and Russia are developing their own ? cyberspace warriors. China, for instance, has formed cyberspace battalions and regiments, the primary purpose of which is to identify and exploit weaknesses in our military, government, and commercial networks. In November 1999, the PLA Daily stated, "Internet warfare is of equal significance to land, sea, and air power and requires its own military branch," and that "it is essential to have an all-conquering offensive technology and to develop software and technology for net offensives . able to launch attacks and countermeasures. " The threat from these forces is credible and real. While the time-tested principles of war will ultimately apply in cyberspace, its characteristics are so radically different that they demand significant innovation and changes to the way we organize and conduct military operations and tactics in this domain. Many within the U.S. Government and private sector are beginning to recognize the importance of cyberspace (and operations within it) to national security. The March 2005 National Defense Strategy identified cyberspace as a new theater of operations and assessed cyberspace operations as a potentially disruptive challenge, concluding that in "rare instances, revolutionary technology and associated military innovation can fundamentally alter long-established concepts of warfare. "
High performance and energy efficient multi-core systems for DSP applications

This dissertation investigates the architecture design, physical implementation, result evaluation, and feature analysis of a multi-core processor for DSP applications. The system is composed of a 2-D array of simple single-issue programmable processors interconnected by a reconfigurable mesh network, and processors operate completely asynchronously with respect to each other in a Globally Asynchronous Locally Synchronous fashion. The processor is called Asynchronous Array of simple Processors (AsAP). A 6×6 array has been fabricated in a 0.18 μm CMOS technology. The physical design concerns timing issues for robust implementations, and takes full advantages of their potential scalability. Each processor occupies 0.66 mm , is fully functional at a clock rate of 520– 540 MHz under 1.8 V, and dissipates 94 mW while the clock is 100% active. Compared to the high performance TI C62x DSP processor, AsAP achieves performance 0.8–9.6 times greater, energy efficiency 10–75 times greater, with an area 7–19 times smaller. The system is also easily scalable, and is well-suited to future fabrication technologies. An asymmetric interprocessor communication architecture is proposed. It assigns different buffer resources to the nearest neighbor interconnect and the long distance interconnect, can reduce the communication circuitry area by approximately 2 to 4 times compared to the traditional Network on Chip (NoC), with similar routing capability. A wide design exploration space is investigated, including supporting long distance communication in GALS systems, static/dynamic routing, varying numbers of ports (buffers) for the processing core, and varying numbers of links at each edge. The use of GALS style typically introduces performance penalties due to additional communication latency between clock domains. GALS chip multiprocessors with large inter-processor FIFOs as AsAP can inherently hide much of the GALS performance penalty, and the penalty can even be driven to zero. Furthermore, adaptive clock and voltage scaling for each processor provides an approximately 40% power savings without any performance reduction.
Assessment of Joint Improvised Explosive Device Defeat Organization (JIEDDO) Training Activity

Abstract : In reaction to the growing threat posed by improvised explosive devices (IEDs) deployed by the Iraqi insurgency in 2003, GEN John Abizaid, Commander of U.S. Central Command at the time, asked the Department of Defense (DoD) to initiate a Manhattan like-Project to glean the expertise of all Services involved directly with countering IEDs. Ultimately, this led to the founding of the Joint Improvised Explosive Device Defeat Organization (JIEDDO), on February 14, 2006. As specified in its foundational document,1 JIEDDO s mission is to focus (i.e., lead, advocate, and coordinate) all DoD actions in support of the Combatant Commanders (CCDRs ) and their respective Joint Task Forces efforts to defeat IEDs as weapons of strategic influence. To execute this mission, JIEDDO was given broad authority to identify threats, generate and validate requirements, develop solutions, and apply resources along three lines of operation (LOOs): Attack the Network (AtN), Defeat the Device (DtD), and Train the Force (TtF). While TtF directly involves training, all the LOOs involve training to some degree. The goal is speed and relevance. Speed allows rapid adaptation to a threat that is also evolving quickly. It allows solutions to be fielded when needed, not when slower development processes finally generate them. Although some longer process might be needed for enduring capability, JIEDDO s charter is to provide solutions that Services can then decide whether to sustain or substitute with their own solutions once developed. Inherent in this charter is the natural tension between speed and oversight. Oversight is necessary to avoid waste or misdirection but it also adds steps and time to the process, which could result in ceding the speed advantage to the enemy. This study examined training programs to see if there was evidence of duplication with Service initiatives and training functions to assess whether they are duplicative with Service or other agency functions.