Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Uso de co-produtos dietéticos no desempenho de coelhos: uma revisão

The Brazilian rabbit farming is in growing expansion, however, the cost with feeding are high. To ensure economic viability in the rabbit sector, research has been developed related to the use of alternative foods and co-products, aiming to reduce diet related costs. Therefore, the objective of this literature review was to approach the use of co-products and alternative foods in the diet of rabbits, focusing on their effect on animal performance. The period of publication of articles estimated for the searches was between 2010 and 2022. The availability of co-products and alternative foods is wide, however, when choosing these, factors such as source, quality and chemical-bromatological composition and region must be taken into accout. These factors are related to possible deleterious effects that can lead to reduced animal performance. Once chosen, it is expected that the dietary inclusion of such foods will promote better intestinal health of the animals, and consequently greater weight gain, lower feed conversion and influence the cost of production of the diet. It is conclude that there is a diversity of ingredients available to be included in diets for rabbits. However, it is necessary to carry out continuous studies to efficiently determine the inclusion levels per phase, as well as the identification of anti-nutritional factors and negative effects present in certain foods.
Recommendations for defining and reporting adherence measured by Biometric Monitoring Technologies (BioMeTs): A systematic review (Preprint)

BACKGROUND Sub-optimal adherence to data collection procedures and/or a study intervention is often the cause of a failed clinical trial. Data from biometric monitoring technologies (BioMeTs) can measure adherence to both digital therapeutics and digital data collection procedures, thereby providing the opportunity to identify the determinants of adherence and thereafter, methods to maximize adherence. OBJECTIVE Our goal was to describe the methods and definitions by which adherence has been captured and reported using BioMeTs in recent years. Identifying key gaps allowed us to make recommendations regarding minimum reporting requirements and consistency of definitions for BioMeT-based adherence data. METHODS We conducted a systematic review of studies published between 2014 and 2019 that deployed a BioMeT outside of the clinical/lab setting for which a quantitative, non-surrogate, sensor-based measurement of adherence was reported. After systematically screening manuscripts for eligibility, we extracted details regarding study design, participants, the BioMeT/s used, and the definition and units of adherence. Primary definitions of adherence were categorized as a continuous variable based on duration (highest resolution), a continuous variable based on the number of measurements completed, or a categorical variable (lowest resolution). RESULTS Our PubMed search terms identified 940 manuscripts; 100 met our eligibility criteria, which contained descriptions of 110 BioMeTs. We identified 37 unique definitions of adherence reported for 110 BioMeTs, and observed that the uniformity of adherence definitions was associated with the resolution of the data reported. When adherence was reported as a continuous time-based variable, the same definition of adherence was adopted for 92% of the tools; however, when adherence data were simplified to a categorical variable, we observed 25 unique definitions of adherence reported for 37 tools. CONCLUSIONS We recommend that: A) quantitative, non-surrogate, sensor-based, adherence data be reported for all BioMeTs when feasible; B) a clear description of the sensor/s used to capture adherence data, the algorithm/s that convert sample-level measurements to a metric of adherence, and the analytical validation data demonstrating that BioMeT-generated adherence is an accurate and reliable measurement of actual usage, be provided when available; and C) primary adherence data be reported as a continuous variable followed by categorical definitions if needed, and that the categories adopted are supported by clinical validation data and/or consistent with previous reports.
Income Diversification and Capital Structure: International Banks Evidence

: This study aims to contribute to the literature on a corporate capital structure by analyzing the effect of income diversification on the capital structure of international banking companies. This study uses panel data from 32 global banking companies in 2010-2019 with 320 firm-year observation obtained from stock exchanges in each country. The generalized method of moments is used as a statistical analysis tool for panel data. The results show that the income diversification carried out by international banking companies has a positive effect with high significance on the company’s short-term debt structure. Therefore, income diversification can be a factor affecting the capital structure of international banking companies. Previous studies examined determinants of capital structure such as profitability, tangibility, firm size, firm growth, firm age, and non-debt tax shield. The findings of this study add the income diversification variable to the determinants of capital structure. This study is expected to bring benefits to banking management, investors, and regulators in the banking sector, as well as to make new contributions to the literature on corporate capital structure.
Efficient Model Selection for Moisture Ratio Removal of Seaweed Using Hybrid Of Sparse And Robust Regression Analysis

The Internet of things ((IoT) consisted of physical devices networks such as sensors, home appliances, electronics, and software’s. It enables us to collect and exchange data in several fields. After data collection from IoT, variable selection is considered a major problem because many variables are involved in real life datasets. The current study focused on large data analysis of the problem of model selection, including interaction terms. The dataset used in this study is taken from solar drier with moisture ratio removal (%) as dependent variable while ambient temperature, chamber temperature, collector temperature, chamber relative humidity, ambient relative humidity, and solar radiation as independent variables. LASSO with Huber M, LASSO with Hampel M and LASSO with Bisquare M are proposed in this study. Comparison of proposed techniques are made with ridge regression and OLS (ordinary least square) after multicollinearity test and coefficient test. MAPE (mean absolute percentage error) is calculated for the efficient selected model to forecast. As a result, the model using LASSO with Bisquare-M provides a minimum MAPE value for the best efficient model. Thus, the resulting model with the selected variables can be used to predict Moisture Ratio Removal (%) to determine seaweed drying behavior.
Characteristics of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Are Independent of Bone Marrow Storage Temperatures

Mesenchymal stem cells play an important role in regenerative medicine due to their capability of self-renewal and multipotent differentiation. For research or clinical application, bone marrow aspirates are harvested during elective surgeries to isolate MSCs. If an immediate purification of the MSCs is not possible, the bone marrow must be stored. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate possible differences of stem cell characteristics regarding the self-renewal capability, the adipogenic, chondrogenic, and osteogenic differentiation, and the expression of surface antigens after different storage conditions of the bone marrow aspirates. Three groups were analysed: the first group was purified immediately after harvesting, the other two groups were processed after they were stored 18 to 24 hours at 22°C (room temperature) or at 4°C. Comparisons between the groups were performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test for nonparametric data. The final results showed no significant difference between the different storage conditions. Therefore, storage of bone marrow aspirates for 18 to 24 hours at room temperature or 4°C is possible without loss of stem cell characteristics.
Part 1. Payment for Clinical Education Experiences: A Historical Perspective

Background and Purpose: Payment for clinical education (CE) experiences in health care professions has been discussed for many years. Clinical education sites may consider requesting payment to offset expenses, which might include onboarding costs or perceived or real reduction in productivity. The American Council of Academic Physical Therapy–National Consortium of Clinical Educators Task Force on Payment for Clinical Experience explored the history of CE as it relates to payment, costs, productivity, and incentives through this comprehensive literature review. Methods: The literature was exhaustively searched through multiple data bases, compiled, and summarized by the authors. Results: Clinical education is an essential component of physical therapy education. The proliferation of academic programs combined with reimbursement challenges and increased productivity requirements has increased the burden of CE on health care facilities. Research in health care professions has investigated direct and indirect costs of providing CE experiences. While some research showed decreases in productivity while supervising a student, most research in physical therapy revealed increased productivity along with improved quality of care and enhanced recruitment of employees. Motivators for educating students in the CE environment included intrinsic factors of enjoyment, professional obligation, and intellectual stimulation; extrinsic factors such as continuing education credits, discounted courses, and academic appointments were also found. Research revealed that students bring value and enthusiasm to the CE environment in a variety of ways. Payment for CE experiences, more common in physician assistant, medicine, and nurse practitioner education, did not always improve quality and may be unsustainable as competition for clinical experiences grows and student debt increases. Discussion and Conclusion: Clinical education involves many stakeholders and the topic of payment is multifaceted. This comprehensive literature review highlighted numerous challenges and benefits for providing CE experiences as it relates to payment. This literature review provides background information regarding payment for CE in health care professions and served as foundational work of the Task Force on Payment for Clinical Experience for determining current perspectives related to payment for CE in physical therapist education.
Image Segmentation Based on Block Level and Hybrid Directional Local Extrema

: In the recent decade, the digitalization of various tasks has added great flexibility to human lifestyle and has changed daily routine activities of communities. Image segmentation is a key step in digitalization. Segmentation plays a key role in almost all areas of image processing, and various approaches have been proposed for image segmentation. In this paper, a novel approach is proposed for image segmentation using a nonuniform adaptive strategy. Region-based image segmentation along with a directional binary pattern generated a better segmented image. An adaptive mask of 8 × 8 was circulated over the pixels whose bit value was 1 in the generated directional binary pattern. Segmentation was performed in three phases: first, an image was divided into sub-images or image chunks; next, the image patches were taken as input, and an adaptive threshold was generated; and finally the image chunks were processed separately by convolving the adaptive mask on the image chunks. Gradient and Laplacian of Gaussian algorithms along with directional extrema patterns provided a double check for boundary pixels. The proposed approach was tested on chunks of varying sizes, and after multiple iterations, it was found that a block size of 8 × 8 performs better than other chunks or block sizes. The accuracy of the segmentation technique was measured in terms of the count of ill regions, which were extracted after the segmentation process.
Rapid Body Color Change Provides Lizards with Facultative Crypsis in the Eyes of Their Avian Predators

Color change serves many antipredator functions and may allow animals to better match environments or disrupt outlines to prevent detection. Rapid color change could potentially provide camouflage to animals that frequently move among microhabitats. Determining the adaptiveness of whole-animal rapid color changes in natural habitats with respect to predator visual systems would greatly broaden our fundamental understanding of the evolution of rapid color change. We tested whether whole-body color change provides water anoles (Anolis aquaticus) with camouflage against avian predators and whether these rapid changes allow them to shift between environment matching and edge disruption. We manipulated A. aquaticus placement in natural microhabitats and used digital image analysis to quantify color matching, pattern matching, and edge disruption produced by microhabitat-induced color change. Color change reduced lizard detectability to predators in microhabitat-specific ways. Environment matching was favored when lizards were in solid-colored microhabitats, regardless of exposure to predators. Edge disruption was instead induced by high exposure and varied by body region. We provide the first evidence that rapid color change permits a tetrapod to flexibly employ the most optimal camouflaging strategy by form (e.g., color matching vs. edge disruption) to minimize detection in the eyes of its predators.
Predictive ability of the osteoporosis self-assessment tool for assessing the risk of osteoporosis

Osteoporosis (OP) is a progressive metabolic bone disease caused by disturbed balance between bone formation and bone resorption. Osteoporotic fractures lead to a deterioration in the quality of patients’ life due to high morbidity and mortality, and the economic burden of osteoporotic fractures is expected to increase. Various tools have been developed to assess the risk of osteoporosis in the clinical practice. The Osteoporosis Self-Assessment Tool (OST) is used to predict osteoporosis and is suitable for self-assessment. The purpose of this study is to assess the ability of the OST score to predict the risk of OP. 180 postmenopausal women with a mean age of 61 ± 13 years (38-86 years) were included in the study. The OST score was evaluated using the formula: (body weight  age) × 0.2. Patients were divided into three groups according to the risk of OP: low risk (> -1), moderate risk (-1 to -4) and high risk (<-4). Based on the total lumbar spine T-score, measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), the actual number of the women with OP was established. According to the OST score, 22 women were in the high risk group, 41 women in the moderate risk group, and 117 women in the low risk group. There was a correlation between the risk of OP calculated with OST and the number of patients with OP, established by DEXA measurement - with increased risk of OP, the number of the women with OP also increased (p = 0.000). The percentage of the women with osteoporosis is highest in the high risk group and lowest in the low risk group. In the high risk group, 95.5% of the women had a diagnosis of osteoporosis. These results demonstrate the good ability of OST score to predict the risk of OP in the Bulgarian population.
Prenatal androgenization causes expression changes of progesterone and androgen receptor mRNAs in the arcuate nucleus of female mice across development

Prenatal exposure to excess androgens is associated with the development of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). In prenatally androgenised (PNA) mice, a model of PCOS, progesterone receptor (PR) protein expression is reduced in arcuate nucleus (ARC) GABA neurons. This suggests a mechanism for PCOS‐related impaired steroid hormone feedback and implicates androgen excess with respect to inducing transcriptional repression of the PR‐encoding gene Pgr in the ARC. However, the androgen sensitivity of ARC neurons and the relative gene expression of PRs over development and following prenatal androgen exposure remain unknown. Here, we used a quantitative reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) of microdissected ARC to determine the relative androgen receptor (Ar) and progesterone receptor (Pgr) gene expression in PNA and control mice at five developmental timepoints. In a two‐way analysis of variance, none of the genes examined showed expression changes with a statistically significant interaction between treatment and age, although PgrA showed a borderline interaction. For all genes, there was a statistically significant main effect of age on expression levels, reflecting a general increase in expression with increasing age, regardless of treatment. For PgrB and Ar, there was a statistically significant main effect of treatment, indicating a change in expression following PNA (increased for PgrB and decreased for Ar), regardless of age. For PgrA, there was a borderline main effect of treatment, suggesting a possible change in expression following PNA, regardless of age. PgrAB gene expression changes showed no significant main effect of treatment. We additionally examined androgen and progesterone responsiveness specifically in P60 ARC GABA neurons using RNAScope® (Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Inc.) in situ hybridization. This analysis revealed that Pgr and Ar were expressed in the majority of ARC GABA neurons in normal adult females. However, our RNAScope® analysis did not show significant changes in Pgr or Ar expression within ARC GABA neurons following PNA. Lastly, because GABA drive to gonadotropin‐releasing hormone neurons is increased in PNA, we hypothesised that PNA mice would show increased expression of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), the rate‐limiting enzyme in GABA production. However, the RT‐qPCR showed that the expression of GAD encoding genes (Gad1 and Gad2) was unchanged in adult PNA mice compared to controls. Our findings indicate that PNA treatment can impact Pgr and Ar mRNA expression in adulthood. This may reflect altered circulating steroid hormones in PNA mice or PNA‐induced epigenetic changes in the regulation of Pgr and Ar gene expression in ARC neurons.
The contributions of new media to young people’s political participation in Russia and Kazakhstan

ABSTRACT How do new media contribute to political participation among young people? Several studies have dealt with this question; however, the question remains an understudied area in the former Soviet Union. Drawing on data collected during one year of fieldwork that included online surveys, interviews and focus groups with young people in both Russia and Kazakhstan, this study demonstrates that new media contribute to both on- and offline political participation in Russia and Kazakhstan among young people through: awareness as a prerequisite for political participation; communication; interaction; advocacy as political participation; mobilization; organizing; coordination; and hype-ization. In so doing, it offers a theoretical model that explains how new media contribute to young people’s political participation in Russia and Kazakhstan, providing an in-depth account from two post-Communist cases which can contribute to cross-national comparative studies in non-competitive statist political systems.
Empowering Dementia Carers With an iSupport Virtual Assistant (e-DiVA) in Asia-Pacific Regional Countries: Protocol for a Pilot Multisite Randomized Controlled Trial

Background Dementia is a global public health priority with an estimated prevalence of 150 million by 2050, nearly two-thirds of whom will live in the Asia-Pacific region. Dementia creates significant care needs for people with the disease, their families, and carers. iSupport is a self-help platform developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) to provide education, skills training, and support to dementia carers. It has been adapted in some contexts (Australia, India, the Netherlands, and Portugal). Carers using the existing adapted versions have identified the need to have a more user-friendly version that enables them to identify solutions for immediate problems quickly in real time. The iSupport virtual assistant (iSupport VA) is being developed to address this gap and will be evaluated in a randomized controlled trial (RCT). Objective This paper reports the protocol of a pilot RCT evaluating the iSupport VA. Methods Seven versions of iSupport VA will be evaluated in Australia, Indonesia, New Zealand, and Vietnam in a pilot RCT. Feasibility, acceptability, intention to use, and preliminary impact on carer-perceived stress of the iSupport VA intervention will be assessed. Results This study was funded by the e-ASIA Joint Research Program in November 2020. From January to July 2023, we will enroll 140 dementia carers (20 carers per iSupport VA version) for the pilot RCT. The study has been approved by the Human Research Committee, University of South Australia, Australia (203455). Conclusions This protocol outlines how a technologically enhanced version of the WHO iSupport program—the iSupport VA—will be evaluated. The findings from this intervention study will provide evidence on the feasibility and acceptability of the iSupport VA intervention, which will be the basis for conducting a full RCT to assess the effectiveness of the iSupport VA. The study will be an important reference for countries planning to adapt and enhance the WHO iSupport program using digital health solutions. Trial Registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12621001452886; https://tinyurl.com/afum5tjz International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/33572
Talking Behind Your Back: Communication and Team Cooperation

Communication is one of the most effective devices in promoting team cooperation. However, asymmetric communication sometimes breeds collusion and hurts team efficiency. Here, we present experimental evidence showing that excluding one member from team communication hurts team cooperation; the communicating partners collude in profit allocation against the excluded member, and the latter reacts by exerting less effort. Allowing the partners to reach out to the excluded member partially restores cooperation and fairness in profit allocation, but it does not stop the partners from talking behind that member’s back even when they could have talked publicly. The partners sometimes game the system by tricking the excluded member into contributing but then grabbing all profits for themselves. This paper was accepted by Axel Ockenfels, behavioral economics and decision analysis.
3L The Southeast Asian Journal of English Language Studies

Pengajian umum membekalkan para pelajar dengan nilai-nilai asas yang sepatutnya ada kepada setiap manusia agar berfungsi menjadi manusia yang cemerlang. Apakah nilai-nilai tersebut menurut perspektif Islam? Kertas ini cuba memberi fokus tentang perkara ini berdasarkan perspektif Islam yang bukan sahaja memberi penekanan tentang Hablum MinanNas (hubungan sesama manusia) tetapi perkaitannya dengan Hablum Minallah (hubungan dengan Allah s.w.t.) yang membawa kepada al-Falah (kejayaan) di dunia dan dan juga akhirat sebagai suatu destinasi terakhir kepada manusia yang kekal buat selama-lamanya. Untuk itu persoalan mengenai kurikulum dan aksiologinya serta peranan guru dan pelajar adalah amat penting untuk mencapai matlamat al-falah ini.