Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Place-Oriented or People-Oriented Concepts for Destination Loyalty: Destination Image and Place Attachment versus Perceived Distances and Emotional Solidarity

Many studies have modeled several different concepts to explain destination loyalty; however, none have integrated place-oriented (e.g., destination image, place attachment) and people-oriented concepts (e.g., cultural distance, social distance, and emotional solidarity) for their relative influences on loyalty. The current study tested the influence of destination image (place-oriented) and perceived distances (people-oriented) as antecedents of place attachment (place-oriented) and emotional solidarity (people-oriented) for their relative influences on destination loyalty. Survey data collected from both domestic ( n =260) and international ( n =250) visitors to a city in Turkey, Antalya, revealed that place-oriented concepts (cognitive and affective destination images and place attachment) are better predictors of destination loyalty than people-oriented concepts (cultural distance, social distance, and emotional solidarity). Together, they explain about half of the variance in destination loyalty, 42% in past loyalty and 60% in future loyalty.
Case report: Severe hypertension-induced priapism in an infant with unrecognized autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease

Priapism is a urologic emergency requiring prompt management. There are three types of priapism: stuttering (intermittent), non-ischemic (high-flow/arterial), and ischemic (low-flow/veno-occlusive). Here, we present the first case of an infant with recurrent non-ischemic priapism as the first sign of severe hypertension. An 11-month-old infant was admitted to the hospital for high-flow priapism. On admission, he was found to have severe hypertension that required a combination of five antihypertensive drugs; abdominal ultrasound showed polycystic kidneys, splenomegaly, and a parenchymal liver lesion. The priapism resolved spontaneously and did not recur again after the initiation of antihypertensive treatment. Genetic analysis confirmed autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD). We found no other explanation for the priapism, such as genital trauma, hematologic disease, or anything else. Decreased nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability seen in patients with hypertension seems to be the principal mechanism of hypertension causing priapism. This hypothesis is supported by animal models of genetically modified mice lacking nitric oxide synthase. The same mechanism is thought to be the genesis of priapism and other complications, such as pulmonary hypertension, in patients with sickle cell disease. We present a case of severe hypertension-associated priapism in a child with unrecognized ARPKD. The endothelial dysfunction with decreased NO bioavailability seen in patients with hypertension may be the principal pathogenic mechanism.
Seasonal drivers of dissolved oxygen across a tidal creek–marsh interface revealed by machine learning

Dissolved oxygen (DO) is a key biogeochemical control in coastal systems, and its concentration and drivers vary markedly through time and space. This makes it difficult to accurately represent coastal DO and associated biogeochemical processes in models, limiting our ability to predict how these systems will respond to global change. We obtained high‐frequency (5‐min) in situ measurements of DO collected at three locations across the interface of a tidal creek and coastal marsh in the Pacific Northwest, USA. Random Forest machine learning models quantified the importance of three categories of environmental drivers (Aquatic, Climatic, and Terrestrial) of DO variability across the creek–marsh interface. We selected two 4‐month datasets representing Summer and Winter seasonal periods to test two hypotheses on the dominant drivers of DO at the coastal interface. We found that the Terrestrial driver—characterized by long periods of anaerobic conditions and episodic pulses in DO after floods—was most important during the Winter, whereas the Aquatic driver—characterized by variability over tidal, diel, and lunar cycles—was most important during the Summer. We explored how future climate change scenarios could alter the drivers of DO variability using a cumulative sums driver–response framework. Our results suggest that under climate change, Aquatic and Climatic drivers may increase in importance during the Summer, potentially linked to changing metabolic regimes and sea level, with Terrestrial driver importance potentially increasing during the Winter. Our approach highlights useful methods for understanding the spatiotemporal complexity of oxygen across coastal interfaces and quantifying the relative importance of distinct environmental drivers.
Examining Saudi Physicians’ Approaches to Communicate Bad News and Bridging Generational Gaps

Breaking bad news is an intrinsic aspect of physicians’ clinical practices. This study aims to investigate how Saudi physicians manage the process of communicating bad news and explore potential differences in breaking bad news practices between young physicians (interns) and their older colleagues. From 1 March to 15 April 2023, ok an anonymous online cross-sectional survey was conducted to explore the communication practices of Saudi physicians concerning breaking bad news using the Communicating Bad News Questionnaire. The physicians were recruited through convenience and snowball sampling methods, and the survey questionnaire was distributed on various social media platforms, including Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, and WhatsApp. Data were analyzed using R version 4.2. 1. A total of 782 physicians were included in this study. Male physicians represented 50.9% of the participants. Three-quarters (74.7%) were aged 25–30 years. The largest proportion of physicians (45.3%) were interns, followed by junior residents (22.9%), senior residents (11.0%), and specialists (6.5%). The median years of experience was 1.0, ranging from 0 to 45 years. Regarding the place of work, most physicians (86.6%) worked in hospitals, while 13.4% worked in primary healthcare centers. A total of 14.8% said they were not comfortable with discussing patients’/relatives’ issues (20.60 among interns vs. 10.50% among non-interns, χ2 = 27.50, p = 0.0001), 66.6% reported being trained to break bad news (59.60% among interns vs. 72.40% among non-interns, χ2 = 14.34, p = 0.001), 59.1% reported breaking bad news to the patient, 37.9% reported to the family, and 3.1% reported to both, with no significant difference between interns and non-interns. A substantial proportion of physicians reported feeling uncomfortable discussing sensitive issues with patients and their relatives despite having received training to deliver bad news and being willing to communicate bad news directly to patients. Notably, our analysis identified a significant disparity between intern and non-intern physicians, particularly in terms of their comfort level in addressing patient-related concerns and access to breaking bad news training.
On the principle of stability of invariance of physical systems

We take the point of view : (i) that the invariance principles are fundamental laws of nature ; (ii) that the qualitative aspects of a physical system are equally important. With this in mind we study a physical system. The concept of « invariance stability » is introduced analogous to structural stability. As a consequence, we find that only those conservation laws which are due to abelian symmetries can not be violated. For instance energy-momentum and charge conservation. All other conservation laws due to non-abelian (continuous) symmetries can always be violated by the variation of some parameter of the theory concerned.
Band type engineering using different stacking configurations of anisotropic and isotropic monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides

This work demonstrates the band-type engineering and the detailed charge transport mechanism upon visible light illumination for various configurations of vertically stacked monolayers of MoS2-ReS2 grown by a two-step chemical vapour deposition method. In order to understand the stacking order of both materials has a direct impact on the band alignment arrangements, we investigate the optical properties of both ReS2–MoS2 stacking configurations using micro-photoluminescence and interestingly observed the change in the band alignment upon changing the stacking order (ReS2–MoS2 and MoS2–ReS2). The formation of the vertically stacked heterostructure is further validated by observing its morphology by HR-TEM. The MoS2 on top of ReS2 yielded Type II and ReS2 on top of MoS2 yielded type I band alignment. The fabricated photodetector exhibits responsivities of 152 A W−1 for pristine ReS2, 72 A W−1 for MoS2 on top, and 400 A W−1 for ReS2 on top respectively for visible light illumination of 554 nm suggesting that the stacking configuration of the monolayer TMDs play a vital role in the performance of the optoelectronic properties. The detailed study of such configurations of vertically stacked 2D heterostructure is essential to better understand the optimal configuration for the development of highly responsive photodetectors.
Calculated phase equilibria for a morb composition in a P–T range, 450–650 °C and 18–28 kbar: the stability of eclogite

Lower temperature eclogite (with T = 600 °C) represents a significant part of the occurrences of eclogite in orogenic belts. ‘True’ eclogite, with, for example, garnet + omphacite >70%, is well represented in such an occurrence. Calculated phase equilibria in Na2O–CaO–K2O–FeO–MgO–Al2O3–SiO2–H2O–TiO2–O (NCKFMASHTO), for just one rock composition – that of a representative mid‐ocean ridge basalt, morb– are used to see under what circumstances ‘true’ eclogite is predicted to occur. The variables considered are not only pressure (P) and temperature (T) but also water content and oxidation state. The latter two variables are known to exert a significant control on mineral assemblage but are difficult to establish retrospectively from the observed rocks themselves. It is found that whereas oxidation state does have a strong effect on mineral assemblage, the key control on developing ‘true’ eclogite is shown to be temperature and water content. If temperature is established to be <600 °C, water content has to be low (less or much less than that for H2O saturation) in order for ‘true’ eclogite to form. Moreover, unless pressure is at the high end in the range considered, lawsonite eclogite and ‘true’ eclogite will tend to be mutually exclusive, with the former requiring high water content at the lower temperature where it occurs, but the latter requiring low water content.
Climate adaptive response of rice yield in Vietnam: new insight through panel data modeling with heterogeneous slopes

Rice production is central to the Vietnamese economy, not only in terms of contribution to Vietnam's GDP, but also to the food security of its population. However, Vietnam is one of the countries most threatened by climate change in the coming decades, and its rice production in particular. This paper focuses on rice yields and investigates their evolution over time and between provinces over the period 1987-2015, depending on climatic conditions. Special attention is devoted to the impact of heat stress. This impact is measured taking into account the potential adaptation of farmers to these extreme events. To this end, a dynamic production function allowing for spatial and temporal heterogeneity in rice yield responses of to climatic conditions is estimated. Data descriptive analysis shows that the provinces with favorable conditions for rice growth are also those that face the most risk of heat stress. Estimation results show that these provinces adapt to heat stress conditions and that their adaptation e ort begins to decrease when heat stress risk becomes too high. Taking adaptation into account then makes it possible to qualify the forecasts made regarding rice yields in the presence of climate change.
Isolated and Overlapping Audio Event Detection with Multi-Label Multi-Task Convolutional Recurrent Neural Networks

We propose a multi-label multi-task framework based on a convolutional recurrent neural network to unify detection of isolated and overlapping audio events. The framework leverages the power of convolutional recurrent neural network architectures; convolutional layers learn effective features over which higher recurrent layers perform sequential modelling. Furthermore, the output layer is designed to handle arbitrary degrees of event overlap. At each time step in the recurrent output sequence, an output triple is dedicated to each event category of interest to jointly model event occurrence and temporal boundaries. That is, the network jointly determines whether an event of this category occurs, and when it occurs, by estimating onset and offset positions at each recurrent time step. We then introduce three sequential losses for network training: multi-label classiﬁcation loss, distance estimation loss, and conﬁdence loss. We demonstrate good generalization on two datasets: ITC-Irst for isolated audio event detection, and TUT-SED-Synthetic-2016 for overlapping audio event detection.
Prolactin and Growth Hormone Signaling and Interlink Focused on the Mammosomatotroph Paradigm: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature

Prolactin (PRL) and growth hormone (GH) are peptide hormones that bind to the class 1 cytokine receptor superfamily, a highly conserved cell surface class of receptors. Both hormones control their own secretion via a negative autocrine loop in their own mammosomatotroph, lactotroph or somatotroph. In this regard, GH and PRL are regulated by similar signaling pathways involving cell growth and hormone secretion. Thus, GH and PRL dysregulation and pituitary neuroendocrine tumor (PitNET) development may have common pathogenic pathways. Based on cell linage, lactotroph and somatotroph PitNETs come from pituitary-specific POU-class homeodomain transcription factor (Pit-1). Mammosomatotroph and plurihormonal PitNETs are a unique subtype of PitNETs that arise from a single-cell population of Pit-1 lineage. In contrast, mixed somatotroph–lactotroph PitNETs are composed of two distinct cell populations: somatotrophs and lactotrophs. Morphologic features that distinguish indolent PitNETs from locally aggressive ones are still unidentified, and no single prognostic parameter can predict tumor aggressiveness or treatment response. In this review, we aim to explore the latest research on lactotroph and somatotroph PitNETs, the molecular mechanisms involved in PRL and GH axis regulation and the signaling pathways involved in their aggressiveness, particularly focused on mammosomatotroph and mixed subtypes. Finally, we summarize epidemiological, clinical, and radiological features of these exceptional tumors. We aim to shed light, from basic to clinical settings, on new perspectives and scientific gaps in this field.
Taking All the Factors We Need: A Multimodal Depression Classification With Uncertainty Approximation

Depression and anxiety are prevalent mental illnesses that are frequently disregarded as disorders. It is estimated that more than 5% of the population suffers from depression or anxiety. Although there have been a number of studies in these fields, the majority of the research focuses on one or two factors for detection purposes, whereas these factors are not mutually inclusive and vary among studies. To mitigate these issues, we first consider all possible symptoms associated with depression and develop a multimodal diagnosis system that may take into account any number of patient-specific factors. If multiple factors can be addressed within a single learning model, it is advantageous for data collection and future development. To facilitate training with missing modalities, we propose an attention-based multimodal classifier with selective dropout and normalization, which can facilitate the training of various multimodal datasets on one neural network. We have experimented with three multimodal datasets with varying modalities to show the impact of combined training in one neural network and achieved an F1 score of 0.945. However, missing modalities in the model can create uncertainty in the prediction. For uncertainty approximation, the Monte Carlo dropout (MC dropout) and the spectral-normalized neural Gaussian process (SNGP) with the coefficient of variation and S1-Score metrics are implemented to provide important information about multimodal diagnosis processes. In the experiment, selective dropout with SNGP achieved a coefficient of variation in loss of 0.384 and an S1-score of 0.9374.
Comparison of Two Methods, Lamendin and González-Colmenares, to Estimate Age in Adults *

Background: The estimation of age through tooth study is one of the main tools to guide the identification of a cadaver. This process becomes more complex in adults because dental structures have already completed their development. Several methods for estimating dental age in adults are based on root transparency, being the developed by Lamendin, et al. (1992) one of the most studied worldwide. There is also one method that was developed for Colombian population: González-Colmenares (2007). Purpose: To identify correlations between real age and dentin translucency, real age, and periodontal recession using the Lamendin and González-Colmenares methods by city and combined cities (Bogotá and Medellín, Colombia). Methods: In this experimental, retrospective, and in vitro study, we performed linear regression models. Coefficients of determination (R 2 ), coefficients of multiple connections, and intersection of the regression line with a 95 % confidence were calculated (p < 0.05). Results: The Student's t test did not show significant differences between the two methods. The correlation between the biological and the estimated age was slightly more accurate with the González-Colmenares (2 %) than the Lamendin’s method. Conclusions: Both methods showed similar accuracy to estimate age in adults.
Etude de la communauté microbienne sulfato-réductrice (portant le gène dsrAB) dans les vasières de l'estuaire de Seine

Dans les vasieres de l'estuaire de Seine (France), les microorganismes sulfato-reducteurs (portant le gene dsrAB) jouent un role primordial dans les cycles biogeochimiques du soufre et du carbone, mais egalement dans la speciation des metaux lourds. Ces microorganismes constituant un groupe polyphyletique, nous avons choisi un gene fonctionnel comme marqueur moleculaire : le gene dsrAB, codant l'enzyme cle de la respiration du sulfate. Nous avons developpe un outil de biologie moleculaire, la PCR competitive, pour la quantification de ce gene dans les sediments de l'estuaire de Seine. Ainsi, nous avons etudie la distribution et la dynamique annuelle des MSR, couplees au taux de sulfato-reduction (TSR), dans deux vasieres marine et d'eau douce de l'estuaire de Seine. Les maxima d'abondance des MSR et du TSR se localisent dans les quinze premiers centimetres des sediments, tout au long de l'annee. La dynamique des MSR suit une evolution saisonniere avec une predominance pour les mois d'ete, et la temperature, l'apport en carbone organique dissout, ainsi que les processus sedimentaires, ont ete identifies comme des parametres forcants. Une analyse phylogenetique des sequences dsrAB presentes dans les sediments marins et d'eau douce, montre que la diversite des sequences varient selon le site, en relation avec les caracteristiques chimiques du sediment, comme la salinite et la concentration en sulfate.
Defining Child Maltreatment Among Lay People and Community 3 Professionals : Exploring Consensus in Ratings of Severity 4

Publisher's copyright statement: This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Calheiros, M. M. , Monteiro, M. B. , Patrício, J. N. & Carmona, M. (2016). Defining child maltreatment among lay people and community professionals: exploring consensus in ratings of severity. Journal of Child and Family Studies. 25 (7), 2292-2305, which has been published in final form at https://dx.doi. org/10.1007/s10826-016-0385x. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with the Publisher's Terms and Conditions for self-archiving.
Using synthetic data to improve performance of data-driven algorithms in high density pedestrian situations

In recent years, there has been a rising interest in pedestrian trajectory prediction methods. The advancement of machine learning algorithms and real-world applications, such as autonomous vehicles or social robots, are reasons for that. These methods mainly focus on learning local interactions and single pedestrian trajectory prediction over a relatively short time horizon. To learn these interaction behaviors, the algorithms are trained with data taken from low-density situations where just a few pedestrians are involved. In our work, we aim to investigate how supervised machine learning methods can address crowded pedestrian situations. For this task, high-density trajectory data-sets are necessary. To the best of our knowledge, there exist, however, only few available real-world data-sets containing dense situations. To overcome the lack of data, we train the algorithms on experimental data [1] as well as synthetic data generated by running simulations in the GAMA platform [2]. In previous studies, error-metrics like the average-displacement error (ADE) or final displacement error (FDE) allow quantifying the prediction accuracy [3]. However, we argue that these metrics are not sufficient for high-density situations. Indeed, dense dynamics are mainly governed by physical body-exclusion of the pedestrians. Yet, ADE and FDE metrics do not account for such features. Instead, we propose an evaluation process consisting of three phases. First, the predictions are visualized in GAMA to qualitatively assess how realistic the pedestrians behave. Second, the ADE, FDE, and the number of collisions (overlappings) that occur in the predicted trajectories are analysed. Especially the last metrics is important for high-density situations. In the last step, we compare the predicted pedestrian flow/density relationship to the fundamental diagram of experimental
Biological Psychology: An Introduction to Behavioral, Cognitive, and Clinical Neuroscience

Biological Psychology: Scope and Outlook - PART I: BIOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF BEHAVIOR - Functional Neuroanatomy: The Nervous System and Behavior - Neurophysiology: Conduction, Transmission, and Integration of Neural Signals Psychopharmacology: Neurotransmitters, Drugs, and Behavior - Hormones and the Brain - PART II: EVOLUTION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM - Evolution of Brain and Behavior - Life-Span Development of the Brain and Behavior - PART III: PERCEPTION AND ACTION - General Principles of Sensory Processing, Touch, and Pain - Hearing, Vestibular Perception, Taste, and Smell - Vision: From Eye to Brain - Motor Control and Plasticity - PART IV: THE REGULATION OF BEHAVIOR - Sex: Evolutionary, Hormonal, and Neural Bases - Homeostasis: Active Regulation of Internal States - Biological Rhythms, Sleep, and Dreaming - PART V: EMOTIONS AND MENTAL DISORDERS - Emotions, Aggression, and Stress - Psychopathology: Biological Bases of Behavior Disorders - PART VI: COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE - Learning and Memory: Biological Perspectives - Learning and Memory: Neural Mechanisms - Language and Cognition - Afterwords