Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Traffic Safety Facts

the computation of the years of lost life to the conventional rank ordering of the causes of death in order to highlight the tremendous toll that motor vehicle traffic crashes have on the younger population. In fact, while motor vehicle traffic crashes ranked ninth overall as a cause of death, they were ranked as high as third in terms of the years of life lost. Methodology Years of Life Lost: This is the number of remaining years that people were expected to have lived had they not died. The number of years of life lost due to a particular cause is the aggregate of years of life lost for all people who died due to that cause. The expected years of remaining life are calculated using standard tables of life expectancy by age (Life Expectancy at Selected Ages for 2006, NCHS). The NCSA-adopted listing of 68 causes of death is comprehensive in that all underlying causes are represented. Fifty-one of these 68 adopted causes reflect the underlying causes based on internal morbid bodily conditions, while 16 NCSA-adopted causes reflect the underlying causes based on external factors such as crashes and acts of violence, and the remaining cause reflects all other diseases. This 68-cause listing is not an arbitrary listing, but is generally in close agreement with a special listing of death causes used by the NCHS to report on leading causes of death in the United States. The latter differs from the NCSA listing primarily in causal areas related to unintentional injuries (accidental death). While NCHS uses the combined cause of unintentional injuries in its reports of leading causes of death, this study separates out the various causes that comprise unintentional injuries like fatalities in motor vehicle traffic crashes, accidental falls, poisoning, motor vehicle nontraffic crashes, etc. Accordingly, the rankings of some causes of death will differ from those reported by NCHS. The NCSA cause listing also differs from the NCHS listing for causes of infant mortality. While NCHS, for reasons of public health interest, uses a detailed 130-cause listing, the NCSA list combines it into one major cause—conditions originating in the perinatal period. Summary In 2007, motor vehicle traffic crashes were the leading cause of death for every age 3 through 5, 8, 9 and 11 through 33. Because of the young lives consumed, motor vehicle traffic crashes ranked third overall in terms of the years of life lost, …
Prevalence, trend and associated factors of obesity-related cancers among U.S. adults with metabolic syndrome: Evidence from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001–2018

Introduction This study evaluated the prevalence, associated factors and trends in the prevalence of obesity-related cancer (ORC) among U.S. adults with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and age ≥20 years. Methods This study used cross-sectional data from the 2001–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The total period analyses included prevalence estimation, chi-square tests for comparing ORC vs non-ORC within subgroups, and a multivariable-logistic regression model to evaluate associated factors of ORC. For trend analysis, the total period was divided into three time periods: 2001–2006, 2007–2012 and 2013–2018. Age-standardized prevalence of ORC in each time period was calculated. Results The ORC prevalence was 35.8% representing 4463614 adults with MetS. A higher odds of ORC was observed among females (OR = 7.1, 95% CI = 4.9–10.3) vs males, Hispanic (OR = 2.9, 95% CI = 1.7–4.8) and non-Hispanic Black (OR = 2.7, 95% CI = 1.8–4) vs non-Hispanic White, age ≥60 (OR = 5.4, 95% CI = 1.9–15.4) vs age 20–39 years. Individual ORCs were thyroid (10.95%), breast (10%), uterine (9.18%), colorectal (7.86%), ovarian (5.74%), and stomach (0.80%). The age-standardized prevalence of ORC was observed stable in three time periods (30.6%, 30.3% and 30.7%). However, an increasing trend was seen for thyroid, uterine, colorectal and ovarian cancers while decreasing trend for breast cancer. Hispanic people showed a significant increasing trend of ORC (p = 0.004). Conclusions ORC was found significantly higher among female, Hispanic, non-Hispanic black and older people with MetS. The stable temporal trend of overall ORC, with an increasing trend in certain ORCs, makes the disease spectrum a public health priority. The findings imply the importance of intensifying efforts to reduce the burden of MetS comorbidities among U.S. adults.
Angiographic Assessment of Flow Divertors as Treatment for Cerebral Aneurysms: Results in the Rabbit Elastase-Induced Aneurysm Model

of a dissertation at the University of Miami. Dissertation supervised by Professor Baruch B. Lieber. No. of pages in text. (187) Cerebral aneurysms are abnormal focal dilations of the cerebral vasculature that may rupture and cause a hemorrhagic stroke. More than a decade after seminal experimental studies showed the feasibility of successfully treating cerebral aneurysms by flow diversion, the potential of this modality is gradually being recognized in the clinical arena. A flow divertor is a metallic meshed tube that has its porosity (ratio of metal-free surface area to total surface area) and pore density (number of pores per unit surface area) optimized to facilitate occlusion of aneurysms. An appropriately designed flow divertor severely attenuates the flow exchange between the parent vessel and an aneurysm, resulting in the formation of intra-aneurysmal flow stasis zones which promote thrombosis. This study reports the results from implantation of three different configurations of a novel flow-diverting device in thirty elastase-induced aneurysm models in rabbits. Ten animals per device configuration were followed-up at 3 weeks (n=3), 3 months (n=3), and 6 months (n=4) and tissue explanted post-sacrifice was sent for histology. High-speed angiographic sequences were acquired before and immediately after device implantation, and at follow-up for each animal. Temporal variations in the angiographic contrast intensity within the aneurysms were recorded and subsequently corrected for respiratory motion. These aneurysmal contrast washout curves were fit to a mathematical model whose parameters served to quantify device performance. Angiographic quantification was supplemented by histomorphometric data to derive composite scores of the performance of each device configuration in effecting stable aneurysm occlusion. Performance scores showed that the device with a porosity of 70%, filament diameter of 38 μm, and pore density of 18 pores/mm performed better than devices with 65% porosity, 51 μm filament diameter, 14 pores/mm and 70% porosity, 51 μm filament diameter, 12 pores/mm with relative efficacies of 100%, 86%, and 79%, respectively. Angiographic quantification further suggested a parameter, which could be employed to estimate long-term aneurysm occlusion probabilities immediately after treatment with any flow diversion device. A value of this parameter less than 30 predicts greater than 97% angiographic aneurysm occlusion over a period of six months with a sensitivity of 73% and specificity of 82%. Larger data sets are required to improve the validity of this test. The pore density of flow divertors, rather than porosity, was seen to be a critical modulating factor of device efficacy. Refinement of the best device configuration by further optimizing the pore density may yield yet better results. This dissertation is dedicated to my father, Sadasivan Subrahmanyam
Servicios de información y descubrimiento de recursos en una infraestructura grid

Este art́ıculo trata los conceptos de monitoreo y descubrimiento de recursos, los cuales son de gran importancia en una infraestrutura Grid, ya que juegan un importante rol en varios aspectos relacionados con la misma. Son variados los escenarios en los que es necesario conocer la disponibilidad o el nivel de utilización de un recurso. Como ejemplo, se puede mencionar la utilización de herramientas de diagnóstico que tienen como objetivo detectar comportamientos anómalos en el desempeño de un proceso. Aśı mismo, también es importante saber qué tipos y cantidad de recursos se encuentran disponibles en un Grid, por ejemplo, para un planificador que necesita obtener ciertos recursos para que una tarea se lleve a cabo. Estos escenarios tienen en común que recurren a uno o varios servidores de información [2], los cuales proveen herramientas para el monitoreo y descubrimiento de recursos que forman parte del Grid y aśı obtener la información necesaria sobre los mismos. En este art́ıculo se tratará también sobre los trabajos realizados en este área de computación Grid, aśı como también las posibles ĺıneas de investigación a seguir.
HISTORY AND DYNAMICS OF CLIMATE VARIABILITY IN THE ASIAN MONSOON REGION AND TROPICAL PACIFIC DURING THE LATE HOLOCENE

Large-scale climate modes such as the El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the Asian monsoon, and the Arctic Oscillation are responsible for much of the Earth’s climate variability. Despite the importance of these modes, we have limited understanding of how they vary on long (multidecadal to millennial) timescales due to the short length of instrumental climate records. Fortunately, climate information stored in natural archives can provide us with information on how these modes varied in the more distant past. Lake sediments are an ideal climate archive since they are continuous, have high temporal resolution, and contain many potential climate proxies. In the present study, I use lake sediment records to assess past climate and environmental changes associated with the El Niño/Southern Oscillation, the Asian monsoon, and the Arctic Oscillation. Exploring modern precipitation variability across the Asian monsoon region, I found that precipitation within this broad area is not coherent, which holds implications for paleorecords that are hypothesized to represent monsoon variability, including many lake sediment records on the Tibetan Plateau. Monsoon precipitation in the Arabian Sea is distinct from precipitation in India and China, and increased precipitation in the Arabian Sea coincides with decreased precipitation in the western North Pacific. Furthermore, only precipitation in southwestern Tibet responds to the Southwest monsoon, whereas precipitation in southeastern Tibet responds to the western North Pacific monsoon.
Immunogenicity of Cemiplimab: Low Incidence of Antidrug Antibodies and Cut‐Point Suitability Across Tumor Types

The immunogenicity of cemiplimab, a fully human immunoglobulin G4 monoclonal antibody directed against programmed cell death 1, was assessed in patients across multiple tumor types. The development of antidrug antibodies (ADAs) against cemiplimab was monitored using a validated bridging immunoassay. To identify ADA‐positive samples in the assay, statistically determined cut points were established by analyzing baseline clinical study samples from a mixed population of different tumor types, and this validation cut point was used to assess immunogenicity in all subsequent studies. Regulatory guidance requires that ADA assay cut points be verified for appropriateness in different patient populations. Thus, for the cemiplimab ADA assay, we evaluated whether each new oncology population was comparable with the validation population used to set the cut point. Assay responses from 2393 individual serum samples from 8 different tumor types were compared with the validation population, using established statistical methods for cut‐point determination and comparison, with no significant differences observed. Across tumor types, the immunogenicity of cemiplimab was low, with an overall treatment‐emergent ADA incidence rate of 1.9% and 2.5% at intravenous dose regimens of 3 mg/kg every 2 weeks and 350 mg every 3 weeks, respectively. Moreover, no neutralizing antibodies to cemiplimab were detected in patients with ADA‐positive samples, and there was no observed impact of cemiplimab ADAs on pharmacokinetics. Study‐specific cut points may be required in some diseases, such as immune and inflammatory diseases; however, based on this analysis, in‐study cut points are not required for each new oncology disease indication for cemiplimab.
An aerial radiological survey of the Trinity Fallout Area

An aerial gamma survey was conducted during May and June of 1992 to define the Trinity fallout field, which lies primarily in the White Sands Missile Range in the state of New Mexico. The field was mapped almost entirely from the gamma ray emissions of cesium-I37 a fission product. The field, as measured, extends from Trinity ground zero, over the Oscura Mountains, across the Chupadera Mesa, and thence past Cedarvale, New Mexico, a distance of more than 1 00 kilometers. An estimate of 37Cs activity inventory is 1 00 Ci in an area cover-ing 1,400 square kilometers. Another isotope, europium-152, is significant at ground zero. A i37Cs concentration contour plot overlaid on a U. S. Geological Survey map indicates the location and intensity of the fallout field. A contour map of terrestrial exposure rate is presented in a similar fashion.
A multi-layer mean-field model of the cerebellum embedding microstructure and population-specific dynamics

Mean-field (MF) models are computational formalism used to summarize in a few statistical parameters the salient biophysical properties of an inter-wired neuronal network. Their formalism normally incorporates different types of neurons and synapses along with their topological organization. MFs are crucial to efficiently implement the computational modules of large-scale models of brain function, maintaining the specificity of local cortical microcircuits. While MFs have been generated for the isocortex, they are still missing for other parts of the brain. Here we have designed and simulated a multi-layer MF of the cerebellar microcircuit (including Granule Cells, Golgi Cells, Molecular Layer Interneurons, and Purkinje Cells) and validated it against experimental data and the corresponding spiking neural network (SNN) microcircuit model. The cerebellar MF was built using a system of equations, where properties of neuronal populations and topological parameters are embedded in inter-dependent transfer functions. The model time constant was optimised using local field potentials recorded experimentally from acute mouse cerebellar slices as a template. The MF reproduced the average dynamics of different neuronal populations in response to various input patterns and predicted the modulation of the Purkinje Cells firing depending on cortical plasticity, which drives learning in associative tasks, and the level of feedforward inhibition. The cerebellar MF provides a computationally efficient tool for future investigations of the causal relationship between microscopic neuronal properties and ensemble brain activity in virtual brain models addressing both physiological and pathological conditions.
Radiological appearance and lung function six months after invasive ventilation in ICU for COVID-19 pneumonia: An observational follow-up study

Background Respiratory functional sequelae in COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care unit for invasive ventilation are sparsely reported. The aim of this study was to investigate the radiological lung appearance, lung function and their association at 6 months after hospital discharge. It was hypothesized that the degree of pathological morphology on CT scans would correlate with lung function at the time of follow-up. Methods and findings In this single-centre prospective observational study, 86 from 154 patients admitted to ICU due to COVID-19 between March 2020 and May 2021 were followed up at 6 months post discharge with computed tomography (CT) of the chest and pulmonary function tests (PFTs). The PFT results were expressed as z-scores calculated as the difference between the measured and predicted values divided by the standard deviation obtained from a reference population. Correlations were evaluated by Spearman’s rho including the 95% confidence interval. Pathological changes on CT were found in 78/85 participants with fibrous parenchymal bands being the most prevalent finding (91%) followed by traction bronchiectasis (64%) and ground glass opacities (41%). Sixty-five participants performed PFTs, and a restrictive pattern was the most prevalent abnormality (34%). Diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) was reduced in 66% of participants. The CT severity score weakly correlated with forced vital capacity (FVC) z-score (0.295, p = 0.006), DLCO z-score (-0.231, p = 0.032) and alveolar volume (VA) z-score (0.253, p = 0.019). Conclusions Most patients showed persistent radiological abnormalities on CT and reduced lung volumes, impaired diffusion capacity and patterns of restrictive lung function at 6 months post discharge from the ICU. The correlations between abnormalities on CT and lung function tests were weak. Further, studies with a long-term follow-up of lung function in this group of patients are needed.
Does mid-luteal progesterone predict pregnancy in intrauterine insemination cycles following sequential clomiphene citrate and gonadotropin treatment?

This study aimed to determine whether serum mid-luteal progesterone (MLP) levels measured in the current treatment cycles of infertile women undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation and intrauterine insemination following the sequential use of clomiphene citrate and gonadotropin may predict pregnancy. A total of 107 consecutive anovulatory women were included in this prospective cohort study. Patients with other causes of infertility were also excluded from the study. None of the patients received progesterone treatment for luteal phase support. The data recorded for each woman included age, body mass index, infertility type and duration, basal hormone levels, and previous and current cycle characteristics with MLP levels. Ovulation was confirmed using MLP and sonographic evaluation in all patients. An MLP level of > 3 ng/mL was regarded as a sign of ovulation. After treatment, the patients were divided into 2 groups according to the presence or absence of pregnancy, and the obtained data were compared between the groups. There were no significant differences in age, body mass index, or basal hormone levels between the 2 groups (all P > .05). However, the duration of infertility was significantly shorter in the pregnancy group (P = .003). The anovulation rate in this cohort was 18.7% (n = 20). A total of 15 (14%) were examined. MLP levels were 25.1 ± 13.8 ng/mL and 18.3 ± 14.5 ng/mL in the pregnant and nonpregnant groups, respectively (P:.089). Based on the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, it was determined that there was no predictive value of the mid-luteal phase progesterone level for pregnancy in patients in whom ovulation was detected. Mid-luteal serum progesterone levels did not predict pregnancy in infertile women who underwent controlled ovarian hyperstimulation with sequential clomiphene citrate plus gonadotropin treatment and intrauterine insemination.
Antimicrobial effect of oral care gel containing hinokitiol and 4-isopropyl-3-methylphenol against intraoral pathogenic microorganisms

Objective Deterioration of oral hygiene is closely related to an increase in severity and mortality of corona virus disease-19 (COVID-19), and also contributes to the development of various diseases such as aspiration pneumonia or Alzheimer’s. Oral care is attracting high interest in Japan, which has entered a super-aging society. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether commercially available Hinora® (HO), an oral care gel containing hinokitiol and 4-isopropyl-3-methylphenol (IPMP), has biofilm formation inhibitory and antimicrobial activities against various intraoral pathogen microorganisms. Method Candida species, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were selected during the study period, all of which were analyzed using antimicrobial disc, microorganism turbidity, and crystal violet assays. In addition, the germ tube test using Candida albicans (C. albicans) was performed with a modification of Mackenzie’s method. Images for morphological observation of the germ tubes were acquired using an inverted microscope. For comparison between products, we used Refrecare® (RC), which only contains hinokitiol (not containing IPMP). Results All the intraoral pathogenic microorganisms showed drug susceptibility against undiluted forms of HO and/or RC. In particular, HO was more effective at lower concentrations than RC. In the HO-added group, inhibition circles were observed in all bacteria except P. aeruginosa when added at a concentration of 0.5 g/mL or more. The optical density values at 590 nm (crystal violet) and/or 600 nm (microorganism turbidity) of all the fungi and bacteria were significantly lower when cultured in medium with HO. Inhibition of growth or biofilm formation was observed when HO was added at a concentration of 0.05 g/mL or higher. To investigate the action mechanism of HO, germ tube tests were performed in C. albicans. The results showed that culturing C. albicans in soybean-casein digest broth with HO (0.05 g/mL) significantly suppressed germ tube formation. Conclusions These data suggest that oral care gel-containing hinokitiol and IPMP has strong biofilm formation inhibitory activity, as well as antifungal and antimicrobial effects against Candida fungi and multiple intraoral pathogenic microorganisms. Therefore, it may be a promising treatment option for oral infections.
The roles of liquidity and delay in financial markets based on an optimal forecasting model

We investigate the roles of liquidity and delay in financial markets through our proposed optimal forecasting model. The efficiency and liquidity of the financial market are examined using stochastic models that incorporate information delay. Based on machine learning, we estimate the in-sample and out-of-sample forecasting price performances of the six proposed methods using the likelihood function and Bayesian methods, and the out-of-sample prediction performance is compared with the benchmark model ARIMA-GARCH. We discover that the forecasting price performance of the proposed simplified delay stochastic model is superior to that of the benchmark methods by the test methods of a variety of loss function, superior predictive ability test (SPA), Akaike information criterion (AIC), and Bayesian information criterion (BIC). Using data from the Chinese stock market, the best forecasting model assesses the efficiency and liquidity of the financial market while accounting for information delay and trade probability. The rise in trade probability and delay time affects the stability of the return distribution and raises the risk, according to stochastic simulation. The empirical findings show that empirical and best forecasting approaches are compatible, that company size and liquidity (delay time) have an inverse relationship, and that delay time and liquidity have a nonlinear relationship. The most efficient have optimal liquidity.