Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Community pharmacists’ perspectives on assessing kidney function and medication dosing for patients with advanced chronic kidney disease: A qualitative study using the theoretical domains framework

Background: The kidneys are responsible for the elimination of many drugs. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is common, and medications may require adjustment to avoid adverse outcomes. Despite the availability of kidney drug dosing resources, people with CKD are at risk of inappropriate drug prescribing. Community pharmacists are in the ideal position to mitigate harm from inappropriate prescribing in this population. Methods: In this qualitative study, community pharmacists were interviewed on their perspective on kidney function assessment and dose adjustment in people with advanced CKD (estimated glomerular filtration rate <30 mL/min/1.73 m2). The theoretical domains framework for targeting behavioural change was used to inform the interview guide and analysis. Purposeful sampling was employed until data saturation. Semistructured virtual interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and uploaded into NVIVO 12 Pro to facilitate thematic analysis. Deductive and inductive iterative coding approaches were employed to determine categories and themes. Results: Twelve pharmacists were interviewed, with a mean age of 42 years and 16 years of experience. Four themes comprising 10 categories were identified to influence kidney function assessment and dosing, including resources (information access, technology, references), environment (pharmacy infrastructure, practice setting), reflection (triggers, experience and training, collaboration) and leadership and governance (pharmacist role, advocacy). Feedback on an optimal CKD tool was collected, and enabling themes (categories) for implementation included knowledge and skills (education, training) and reflection (role, support, integration). Conclusions: Findings will inform the interventions needed to improve implementation of kidney assessment and dosing of high-risk medications in people with kidney impairment into community pharmacy practice. Can Pharm J (Ott) 2023;156:xx-xx.
Factors Affecting Capital Structure Decisions of Banks: A Systematic Literature Review Evidence from Commercial Banks of Ethiopia

The study intends to examine the literature on factors in�uencing capital structure decisions of commercial banks in Ethiopia in order to identify existing gaps and the degree of existing research in the subject, as well as to provide direction for future research. Due to a lack of studies for the stated review and access to the known database, the review was conducted utilizing eleven relevant and available scholarly papers that were published in any time period, primarily using open search engines and databases. To identify the articles, various key words were employed. The PRISMA framework was used to analyze the capital structure decisions study work. The review protocol outlined the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The descriptive analysis was performed based on different parameters to arrive at conclusions. The �ndings revealed that most of the variables of interest explored in the studies contradicted each other and the previous literature variables. The capital structure studies were conducted by considering few variables, and most of the studies were not cited. The �ndings regarding the theories supported by factors affecting the capital structure decisions of commercial banks in Ethiopia were contradictory and not justi�ed. The banking literature still doesn't cover the capital structure of banks very much. There is currently a lack of clarity regarding how banks determine their capital structure and what variables affect their corporate �nancing behaviour. Therefore, it is recommended that the concerned body conduct an in-depth study of the decisions banks make about their capital structure by identifying pertinent elements.
Scene classification for weak devices using spatial oriented gradient indexing

We propose a novel lightweight method for classifying scene images, which fits well on weak machines, mobiles, or embedded devices. Our feature representation technique, which we call SOGI or Spatial Oriented Gradient Indexing, requires a small amount both of computational time and space. We show that, by capturing the spatial co-occurrence of gradient pairs, we provide sufficient amount of information for scene classification task. Despise the simplicity, experimental result shows that our method can still be comparable to other complicated methods on their own datasets.
Linearization of traveling-wave tube amplifiers using digitally supported signal injection technique

Abstract This paper presents a digitally supported signal injection technique for the intermodulation distortion terms (IMDs) resulting from the non-linearity of Traveling-wave tube amplifiers. It is shown that the state-of-the art analog techniques have inherent limitation due to the inaccuracy of analog components. The proposed technique provides more accurate cancellation of third-order IMD as compared to its analog counterpart. Moreover, it is shown that the presented technique can be easily extended to compensate for higher order IMDs simultaneously.
Modification of ices by cosmic rays and solar wind

Astrophysical ices are exposed to different radiation fields including photons, electrons and ions. The latter stem from interstellar cosmic rays (CR), the solar and stellar winds, shock waves or are trapped in the magnetospheres of giant planets. We briefly discuss the physics of energy deposition by ion ir radiation in condensed matter and experimental methods to study the induced effects. We then present results on radiation effects such as sputtering, amorphisation and compaction, dissociation of molecules, formation of new molecular species after radiolysis and by implantation of ions. The formation and radio-resistance of organic molecules, related to the question of the initial conditions for the emergence of life, are briefly discussed. This review is not meant to be comprehensive, but rather focusses on recent findings, with special emphasis on experiments with heavy multiply charged ion beams. These experiments aim in particular at simulating the effects of CRs on icy grains in dense molecular clouds, and on the formation of molecules on icy bodies in the Solar System.
The Aesthetic Education Function of Digital Information Resources in the Teaching of Ethnic Vocal Music in Colleges and Universities Based on Big Data

: As a carrier of culture, folk music is the embodiment of social economy, nature and culture, and reflects the social, historical and aesthetic conditions at that time. This can understand history, aesthetics, values and so on from another perspective. Folk music has a certain role in promoting people's self-cultivation. Ethnic music is the carrier of a country's beliefs and values. Its prosperity promotes national self-confidence and enhances the country's patriotism. However, in the era of big data, due to the proliferation of popular music, people tend to ignore the importance of ethnic music, including some textbooks and courses, and even ignore ethnic music directly. Therefore, this paper mainly studies the aesthetic education function of digital information resources in the teaching of ethnic vocal music in colleges and universities under big data. This paper proposes how to solve this situation, and conducts market research and analysis. The interviews and questionnaires were conducted on all the first-year students of a middle school in Xiamen and the high school music teachers, and the clustering algorithm was used for data analysis, which also made the experimental results more accurate. The test results show that in the case of dissatisfaction with the teaching materials, students believe that the proportion of popular music should be increased, and the proportion of film and television animation music is as high as 99% and 89%. The proportion of choosing to increase Chinese
Elastic anisotropy and its temperature dependence for cubic crystals revealed by molecular dynamics simulations

The temperature dependent phonon dispersions of BCC iron and tungsten were measured by running molecular dynamics simulations, based on which the elastic constants and elastic anisotropy were derived. It is found that the elastic constants decrease with increasing the temperature, while the elastic anisotropy generally enhances. Detailed analysis reveals that the lattice thermal expansion effect dominates the decreasing of elastic constants, which also tends to weaken the elastic anisotropy. Meanwhile, the lattice thermal vibration effect lowers the elastic constants related to the longitudinal waves, while has little impact on other elastic constants, thereby enhancing the elastic anisotropy. The overall effect of temperature on the elastic anisotropy in turn depends on the competition/compromise between the lattice thermal expansion and the thermal vibrations.
DISCRETE CONLEY INDEX THEORY FOR ZERO DIMENSIONAL BASIC SETS

In this article the discrete Conley index theory is used to study diffeomorphisms on closed differentiable n-manifolds with zero dimensional hyperbolic chain recurrent set. A theorem is established for the computation of the discrete Conley index of these basic sets in terms of the dynamical information contained in their associated structure matrices. Also, a classification of the reduced homology Conley index of these basic sets is presented using its Jordan real form. This, in turn, is essential to obtain a characterization of a pair of connection matrices for a Morse decomposition of zero-dimensional basic sets of a diffeomorphism.
La 'théorie' de Bell, est-elle la plus grande méprise de l'histoire de la physique?

L'erreur fondamentale dans le theoreme de Bell est presentee de facon plus elementaire et reconnaissable. En plus, une erreur dans le theoreme de Bell, Kochen et Specker est exposee, et une formulation realiste et causale des correlations EPR est proposee.
Mechanism of Early Atherosclerosis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a diffuse connective tissue disease characterized by immune inflammation, which often has multiple system involvement. The late cause of death is coronary atherosclerosis (AS) and its complications. Early atherosclerosis in SLE patients may be related to related microvascular damage and dysfunction caused by long-term immune disorders and lipid metabolism disorders.
Exponential consensus of non-linear stochastic multi-agent systems with ROUs and RONs via impulsive pinning control

Exponential consensus of non-linear stochastic multi-agent systems is investigated. The authors consider a class of non-linear stochastic multi-agent systems that are subject to time-varying delays, randomly occurring uncertainties and randomly occurring non-linearities. Impulsive pinning control algorithms are proposed to ensure that follower agents track the leader under a fixed topology. On the basis of the Lyapunov function and the Halanay differential inequality of impulsive dynamical systems, we derive sufficient conditions for the globally exponential consensus of the multi-agent systems. Finally, numerical simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed theoretical results.
SAR image change detection based on equal weight image fusion and adaptive threshold in the NSST domain

ABSTRACT In order to improve the accuracy of change detection and reduce the running time, a change detection method based on equal weight image fusion and adaptive threshold in the NSST domain is proposed. First, the logarithmic transformation is used to transform images and the mean filter is applied to the transformed images. The log-ratio method and the mean ratio method are adopted to generate two kinds of difference images. The final difference image is achieved by equal weight image fusion method. Then, an adaptive threshold denoising method based on non-subsampled shearlet transform (NSST) is used to achieve noise reduction. Finally, the k-means clustering algorithm is utilized to get the change detection results. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has better change detection performance than the reference algorithms in visual effect and objective parameters.
Psychiatric Patients’ Perceived Health Control and Reactance: Implications for Medication Adherence

Abstract Adherence to prescribed treatment is a major challenge in psychiatry, with non-adherence rates estimated to be as high as 50%. Two factors that have been suggested to influence medication adherence in psychiatric patients are perceived health control and psychological reactance. Perceived health control refers to the belief that one can control their own health outcomes, while psychological reactance refers to the negative response that occurs when individuals perceive their freedom or autonomy to be threatened. The aim of this review is to explore the possible relevance and interaction of perceived health control and psychological reactance in the adherence of psychiatric patients to their treatment. Several studies have suggested that higher levels of perceived health control are associated with better medication adherence, while higher levels of psychological reactance are associated with poorer adherence. Moreover, it has been suggested that patients with high levels of perceived health control may be more likely to experience psychological reactance if they feel that their autonomy is threatened by the treatment regimen. Taken together, these findings suggest that perceived health control and psychological reactance may interact to influence medication adherence in psychiatric patients. Future research could explore ways to enhance patients’ perceived health control while minimizing psychological reactance in order to improve treatment adherence in this population.
Conforming and nonconforming harmonic finite elements

ABSTRACT Instead of using the full polynomial space, a conforming and a nonconforming finite element methods are designed where only harmonic polynomials (a much smaller space) are employed in the computation. The conforming quadratic harmonic polynomial finite element is defined only on a special triangular grid. The nonconforming quadratic harmonic finite element is defined on general triangular grids. The optimal order of convergence is proved for both finite element methods, and confirmed by numerical computations. In addition, numerical comparisons with the standard conforming and nonconforming finite elements are presented.
Ice Crystal Sizes in High Ice Water Content Clouds. Part I: On the Computation of Median Mass Diameter from In Situ Measurements

AbstractEngine and air data probe manufacturers, as well as aviation agencies, are interested in better characterization of high ice water content (HIWC) areas close to thunderstorms, since HIWC conditions are suspected to cause in-service engine power loss and air data events on commercial aircraft. In this context, a collaborative field campaign has been conducted by high-altitude ice crystals (HAIC) and HIWC projects in order to provide ice water content and median mass diameter (MMD) of ice crystals in the HIWC environment.The computation of MMD from in situ measurements relies mainly on the definition of the crystal dimension D and on the relationship, which is used to convert number into mass distributions. The first part of this study shows that MMD can significantly deviate when using different mass–size relationships from the literature. Sensitivity tests demonstrate that MMD is significantly impacted by the choice of β. However, the larger contributor to MMD differences seems to be the choice of.
Are Soccer Matches Badly Designed Experiments

Models in which the number of goals scored by a team in a soccer match follow a Poisson distribution, or a closely related one, have been widely discussed. We here consider a soccer match as an experiment to assess which of two teams is superior and examine the probability that the outcome of the experiment (match) truly represents the relative abilities of the two teams. Given a final score it is possible by using a Bayesian approach to quantify the probability that it was or was not the case that ‘the best team won’. For typical scores, the probability of a misleading result is significant. Modifying the rules of the game to increase the typical number of goals scored would improve the situation, but a level of confidence that would normally be regarded as satisfactory could not be obtained unless the character of the game were radically changed.
The Mass Distribution in Disk Galaxies

Abstract We present the relative fraction of baryons and dark matter at various radii in galaxies. For spiral galaxies, this fraction measured in a galaxy's inner parts is typically baryon-dominated (maximal) and dark-matter dominated (sub-maximal) in the outskirts. The transition from maximal to sub-maximal baryons occurs within the inner parts of low-mass disk galaxies (with V tot ≤ 200 km s−1) and in the outer disk for more massive systems. The mean mass fractions for late- and early-type galaxies vary significantly at the same fiducial radius and circular velocity, suggesting a range of galaxy formation mechanisms. A more detailed discussion, and resolution of the so-called “maximal disk problem”, is presented in Courteau & Dutton, ApJL, 801, 20.
Surface and subsurface contributions to the build-up of forces on bed particles

In nature and in many industrial applications, the boundary of a channel flow is made of solid particles which form a porous wall, so that there is a mutual influence between the free flow and the subsurface flow developing inside the pores. While the influence of the porous wall on the free flow has been well studied, less well characterized is the subsurface flow, due to the practical difficulties in gathering information in the small spaces given by the pores. It is also not clear whether the subsurface flow can host turbulent events able to contribute significantly to the build-up of forces on the particles, potentially leading to their dislodgement. Through large eddy simulations, we investigate the interface between a free flow and a bed composed of spherical particles in a cubic arrangement. The communication between surface and subsurface flow is in this case enhanced, with relatively strong turbulent events happening also inside the pores. After comparing the simulation results with a previous experimental work from a similar setting, the forces experienced by the boundary particles are analysed. While it remains true that the lift forces are largely dependent on the structure of the free flow, turbulence inside the pores can also give a significant contribution. Pressure inside the pores is weakly correlated to the pressure in the free flow, and strong peaks above and below a particle can happen independently. Ignoring the porous layer below the particle from the computations leads then in this case to an underestimation of the lift forces.
Numerische Strömungsanalyse und Optimierung von Kraftwerksbuchten bei Laufwasserkraftanlagen

Für den wasserbaulichen Entwurf von Wasserkraftanlagen und ihre strömungsmechanische Optimierung werden neben dem rein auf Erfahrungswerten basierenden Entwurf vor allem experimentelle Untersuchungen am physikalischen Teilmodell oder Vollmodell im Wasserbaulabor eingesetzt. Strömungsmechanische Untersuchungen mit Hilfe numerischer Strömungsprogramme auf der Basis von 2D‐ und 3D‐Verfahren kommen teilweise zum Einsatz und stellen eine sinnvolle Ergänzung zu den experimentellen Verfahren dar. Für die Optimierung von Wasserkraftanlagen bieten sich schnelle numerische Lösungsverfahren an, die die Untersuchung einer größeren Anzahl von Optimierungsparametern und Strömungszuständen ermöglicht. Bei den 2D‐Verfahren eignen sich besonders Flachwassergleichungsbasierte Verfahren, da für diese Verfahren auf Grund ihrer weitverbreiteten Anwendung bei der Untersuchung strömungsmechanischer Fragestellungen im Wasserbau eine Vielzahl von Erfahrungswerten vorliegt, die häufig durch Insitu‐Messungen verifiziert sind. (© 2016 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Linear phase sparse system identification in the presence of impulsive noise

ABSTRACT In this paper, we incorporate an ℓp-norm sparsity constraint into linear phase constrained affine projection-sign algorithm (LPCAP-SA). The proposed algorithm combines the effect of linear phase constrained affine projection sign algorithm and ℓp-norm sparsity constraint . The proposed algorithm has better performance for linear phase sparse system identification in the presence of vigorous impulsive interference. The proposed ℓp-norm LPCAP-SA is based on the ℓ1-norm minimisation criterion on posterior error and ℓp-Norm on weight coefficients and a linear phase constraint. Simulations in Matlab software show that the proposed ℓp-norm LPCAP-SA has robustness against impulsive interferences and sparse environment for linear phase system.
Single-Phase Level Set Method For Unsteady Viscous Free Surface Flows

The level-set method has become a popular approach to tackle two-phase, incompressible flow problems. In the standard level-set method the equations are solved in both fluids with smoothed fluid properties across the interface. In contrast to the standard level set method, the single-phase level set method is concerned with the solution of the flow field in the denser phase only. Some of the advantages of such an approach are that the interface remains sharp, the computation is performed within a fluid with uniform properties and that only minor computations are needed in the air. The location of the interface is determined using a signed distance function, exactly as done on the standard level-set method, but appropriate interpolations and extrapolations are used at the fluid/fluid interface to enforce the jump conditions. In our RANS solver with non-orthogonal grids, very large cell aspect ratios appear on the near-wall regions of the flow, which causes the standard reinitialization methods to fail. To overcome this problem, a reinitialization procedure has been developed that works well with non-orthogonal grids with large aspect ratios. Since the grid points in air don’t have a well defined velocity, the time derivatives cannot be treated in the Eulerian fashion in points that change from air to water during a time step. This problem is dealt with by using a convective extension to obtain the velocities at previous time-steps for the grid points in air, which provides a good estimation of the total derivatives. In this paper we discuss the details of such implementations. The method was applied to two unsteady tests: sloshing in a two-dimensional tank and wave diffraction in a surface ship, and the results compared against analytical solutions or experimental data. The method can in principle be applied to any problem in which the standard level-set method works, as long as the stress on the second phase can be specified and no bubbles appear in the flow during the computation.