Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Oral Health Strategies: Surveying the Present to Plan the Future of Community-Based Learning

Introduction: Oral health literacy relates to the capacity of individuals to acquire, understand and to act upon oral health information to make appropriate health decisions. This scientific review’s main goal is to analyze the strategies that improve oral health literacy within the community, specifically oriented to a community-based learning model focused on the most vulnerable risk groups in society. Materials and Methods: The current review is based on the literature on oral health literacy within community-based learning strategies. The present review selected scientific studies by searching MEDLINE and related databases, such as Web of Science and PUBMED, and by consulting existing bibliographies. Results: Based on the application of the inclusion criteria to the abstracts, 45 publications were retrieved which explicitly dealt with the definitions of oral health literacy, community-based learning, and service learning. Several studies have demonstrated that health consumers with low health literacy fail to understand the available health information. Therefore, innovative oral health literacy strategies should be undertaken. Service learning is an example of an educational approach where the student learns specific soft skills in the classroom and collaborates directly with an agency or institution and engages in reflection activities to deepen their understanding of what is being taught. Conclusions: One of the main strategies used to incorporate the oral health professional in social responsibility and direct contact in the community is through experiencing community-based learning projects. The future graduate must be an educator capable of educating patients in order to themselves acquire high-level skills in oral health literacy.
Atmospheric loading and the oceanic “inverted barometer” effect

The response of the ocean to fluctuating atmospheric pressure loads is reviewed in theory and in observations. Major theoretical issues lie primarily with oceanic boundary reflectivity and with rates of dissipation, generally. Analytical solutions for a stratified ocean show that a static (“inverted barometer”) response is anticipated at all frequencies and wavenumbers not coincident with certain dispersion curves. Nonstatic behavior of two types is predicted: zero motion of the sea surface and a resonant response. Two types of resonance emerge. The first type corresponds to barotropic modes which are long gravity waves or Rossby waves at high and low frequencies, respectively. The second type excites internal modes, either gravity waves or Rossby waves depending on frequency, but modified from a conventional resonant response by the immediate juxtaposition in frequency/wavenumber space of the rigid‐lid modes. The extent to which these actual resonances are generated is obscure owing to the same uncertainties about oceanic dissipation and scattering which affect all other forced oceanic motions, especially including the tides and other barotropic motions. Zero sea surface motion is predicted at frequencies and wavenumbers corresponding to “rigid‐lid” modes. Observations support the wide applicability of the static response except in the tropics and in the western boundary current extension regions; there, the signal‐to‐noise ratios may be inadequate. The only other known clear nonstatic response occurs near 5 days in the Pacific and South Atlantic Oceans, indicative of a low‐Q resonance in the former area and a forced nonresonant response in the latter, but there are remaining problems with these interpretations.
Produção de frutos para uso medicinal em Bromelia antiancatha (caraguatá): fundamentos para um extrastivismo sustentável

Among the large number of species that have been used as sources of forest byproducts is Bromelia antiacantha, a species native to the Atlantic Forest and that has great potential of use with nourishing, ornamental, industrial and pharmacological characteristics. The fruits of this species are traditionally used in the Northern Plateau of Santa Catarina State, Brazil, in the preparation of syrup for the treatment of respiratory disorders. In this context, the aim of this study was to quantify the production of fruits and to find strategies for the possible management of natural populations of B. antiacantha. A total of 39 inflorescences were observed from January/2008 to August/2008 distributed in a secondary forest area at FLONA (National Forest), Tres Barras, Santa Catarina State. In this same area, B. antiacantha individuals were accompanied by demographic studies from 2001 to 2008. The inflorescences presented on average 0.68 m of length, mean number of 187 fruits/inflorescence, mean diameter of fruits of 1.9 cm and mean weight of inflorescences of 3.6 kg. The mean number of usable fruits was 157 fruits/inflorescence and the mean weight of these fruits was 2.5 Kg. The estimated harvest for 2005 was 146 Kg of fruits ha-1 and for 2008, 80 kg of fruits ha-1, and the net income from the syrup production could reach R$ 1168.00 per hectare per year. The results showed that the management of B. antiacantha consists in an economically interesting activity and that this possibility complements the income of local communities where the species occurs, besides increasing the value of forest areas.
Age effects in demand models: What about cohort and period effects?

Abstract Age effects in demand models are commonly estimated by using one year of microdata. However, what is usually forgotten is that there is a linear dependency between age, period, and cohort. Hence, the age effect may be biased when cohort is excluded. In this paper, a mixed-effects-demand model for milk is estimated, and it is shown how it might go wrong when cohort is not accounted for. In addition, lower intercepts in younger cohorts than in older cohorts indicate that over time, milk purchase will continue to decrease as younger cohorts replace older cohorts.
Diversidad genética y establecimiento de prioridades en esquemas de conservación: ejemplo de aplicación en la raza de lidia

El trabajo expuesto en esta tesis profundiza en los aspectos matematicos de la asignacion de prioridades a un conjunto de unidades de conservacion (poblaciones, lineas, razas, especies.) en el marco de programas de conservacion de la diversidad genetica. Los recursos a distribuir por parte de las administraciones son siempre limitados, y de ellos debe obtenerse el mayor rendimiento posible. En terminos de diversidad, esto significa que deben repartirse proporcionalmente de acuerdo con la aportacion que cada unidad haga a la diversidad global. El problema de la estimacion de estas aportaciones no es trivial ni tiene una solucion unica. Conceptualmente existe ademas una disyuntiva sobre a que dar mas peso, si a las diferencias entre unidades o a la variabilidad dentro de ellas. Esta tesis es un trabajo fundamentalmente metodologico, de revision en profundidad de dos formas distintas de abordar un mismo problema, con algunas aportaciones propias e igualmente metodologicas a ambas, y un ejemplo practico en el que se describe como se aplicarian en un trabajo de campo. [ABSTRACT]The work in this thesis explores the mathematical aspects of priority settings in a set of conservation units (populations, lines, breeds, species.) in the framework of genetic diversity conservation programmes. Resources from governments and public organizations are always limited, and maximum profit must be obtained from them. In terms of diversity this means that they must be split proportionally, according to the share each unit has in the global diversity. However, the estimation of these contributions is not trivial nor has a unique solution. There is also a conceptual dichotomy regarding the importance of between units, as opposed to within units, variation. This thesis is basically a methodological work, of in-depth review of two different ways of approaching one same problem, with some original methodological contributions to both, and a real data example describing how to apply them in a field work.
Editorial: Prodromal stage of neurodegenerative proteinopathies: from bench to bedside

COPYRIGHT © 2023 Xu, Fereshtehnejad and Zeighami. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. Editorial: Prodromal stage of neurodegenerative proteinopathies: from bench to bedside
Role of dysregulated ferroptosis‑related genes in cardiomyocyte ischemia‑reperfusion injury: Experimental verification and bioinformatics analysis

Acute myocardial infarction is a life-threatening condition with high mortality and complication rates. Although myocardial reperfusion can preserve ischemic myocardial tissue, it frequently exacerbates tissue injury, a phenomenon known as ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). However, the underlying pathological mechanisms of IRI remain to be completely understood. Ferroptosis is a novel type of regulated cell death that is associated with various pathological conditions, including angiocardiopathy. The purpose of this article was to elucidate the possible mechanistic role of ferroptosis in IRI through bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation. Healthy and IRI heart samples were screened for differentially expressed ferroptosis-related genes and functional enrichment analysis was performed to determine the potential crosstalk and pathways involved. A protein-protein interaction network was established for IRI, and 10 hub genes that regulate ferroptosis, including HIF1A, EGFR, HMOX1, and ATF3 were identified. In vitro, an anoxia/reoxygenation (A/R) injury model was established using H9c2 cardiomyoblasts to validate the bioinformatics analysis results, and extensive ferroptosis was detected. A total of 4 key hub genes and 3 key miRNAs were also validated. It was found that IRI was related to the aberrant infiltration of immune cells and the small-molecule drugs that may protect against IRI by preventing ferroptosis were identified. These results provide novel insights into the role of ferroptosis in IRI, which can help identify novel therapeutic targets.
River Flow Modeling Using Artificial Neural Networks

This paper demonstrates the application of artificial neural networks (ANNs) in predicting mean monthly streamflow. The estimation of flow is very important for reservoir operation policy; therefore, in this study, based on the monthly flow data obtained from the Turkey State of Water Works, ANNs have been used to predict river flow. Autoregressive (AR) models have also been applied to the same data. The performance of the neural network is compared with that of the statistical method.
Ionization layers in the nighttime E region valley above Arecibo

Incoherent scatter observations of the nighttime E region valley above Arecibo often show ‘intermediate layers’ within this valley. A detailed study of one particular such layer indicates that average production rates within the layer must be of the order of 1–5 cm−3 s−1 (i.e., much higher than estimated levels of scattered Lyman α and β) in order to satisfy the ion continuity equation, unless the percentage of metallic ions within the layer is very high, which is probably not the case. By studying the shape of the layer and its evolution in time it is possible to infer vertical ion drift velocities, which cannot yet be measured directly at night in the E region by using incoherent scatter because of the low signal levels. Using these drift velocities, one can roughly estimate either the north-south or the east-west component of the neutral wind, depending upon the altitude.
B Cell Tolerance and Targeted Therapies in SLE

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease of high clinical and molecular heterogeneity, and a relapsing-remitting pattern. The disease is currently without cure and more prevalent in women. B cell tolerance and production of autoantibodies are critical mechanisms that drive SLE pathophysiology. However, how the balance of the immune system is broken and how the innate and adaptive immune systems are interacting during lupus-specific autoimmune responses are still largely unknown. Here, we review the latest knowledge on B cell development, maturation, and central versus peripheral tolerance in connection to SLE and treatment options. We also discuss the regulation of B cells by conventional T cells, granulocytes, and unconventional T cells, and how effector B cells exert their functions in SLE. We also discuss mechanisms of action of B cell-targeted therapies, as well as possible future directions based on current knowledge of B cell biology.
COVID-19 Patients’ Medication Management during Transition of Care from Hospital to Virtual Care: A Cross-Sectional Survey and Audit

Background: Virtual models of care were implemented to ease hospital bed pressure during COVID-19. We evaluated the medication management of COVID-19 patients transferred to virtual models of care. Method: A retrospective audit of COVID-19 patients transferred from inpatient units to virtual care during January 2022 and surveys from patients transferred during December 2021–February 2022 was carried out. Results: One hundred patients were randomly selected: mean age 59 years (SD: 19.8), mean number of medicines at admission 4.3 (SD: 4.03), mean length of virtual ward stay 4.4 days (SD: 2.1). Pharmacists reviewed 43% (43/100) of patients’ medications during their hospital stay and provided 29% (29/100) with discharge medicine lists at transfer. Ninety-two (92%) patients were prescribed at least one new high-risk medicine whilst in hospital, but this was not a factor considered to receive a pharmacist medication review. Forty patients (40%) were discharged on newly commenced high-risk medicines, and this was also not a factor in receiving a pharmacist discharge medication list. In total, 25% of patient surveys (96/378) were returned: 70% (66/96) reported adequate medicine information at transfer and 55% (52/96) during the virtual model period. Conclusion: Patient survey data show overall positive experiences of medication management and support. Audit data highlight gaps in medication management during the transfer to a virtual model, highlighting the need for patient prioritisation.
Revised composite depth scales and integration of IODP Sites U1331-U1334 and ODP Sites 1218-1220

To reconstruct the climate history of the equatorial Pacific, one major objective of the Pacific Equatorial Age Transect (PEAT) program is to compile a Cenozoic megasplice that integrates all available bio-, chemo-, and magnetostratigraphic data including key records from Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 199. In order to do so, extended postcruise refinements of the shipboard composite depth scales and composite records are required. Here, we present a revised depth scale of Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 320 Sites U1331, U1332, U1333, and U1334 as well as Leg 199 Sites 1218, 1219, and 1220. The revised composite records were used to perform site-to-site correlation and integration of Leg 199 and Expedition 320 sites. Based on this decimeter-scale correlation, a high-resolution integrated paleomagnetic, calcareous nannofossil, and radiolarian stratigraphy for the equatorial Pacific is established that covers the time from 20 to 40 Ma. This sedimentary compendium from the equatorial Pacific will be the backbone for paleoceanographic reconstructions for the late Paleogene.
Anatomics comparative aspects of head bones of domestic animals and adult human

Among the anatomical structures that make up the body of individuals, there are the bones of the head (skull and face) belonging to the axial skeleton, resulting from the union of even and odd bone structures that form a rigid box, which supports and protects part of the central nervous system. Due to the functional importance of the head, this study aimed to describe the bones of this region of some domestic animals, including canines, horses and bovines, as well as humans, and also emphasize the structural similarities and locations in these different adult species. For this, photographic records were made for further descriptions of anatomical bone pieces from the collection of the Human and Veterinary Anatomy Laboratory of the University of Franca. The results were expressed descriptively, following the Nomina Anatomica Veterinaria. Regardless of the species, all presented bones incisor, nasal, maxillary, lacrimal, zygomatic, frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, palatine, vomer, pterygoid and sphenoid bones, however, with varied sizes and shapes. Given the recommended methodology and the data obtained, it is possible to infer that the anatomical morphological distinctions between head bones of canine, equine, bovine and human are directly related to the functional, evolutionary, adaptive and postural aspects of each species.
Stability of Monetary Unions : Lessons from the Break-up of Czechoslovakia 1

In 1993, Czechoslovakia experienced a two-step break-up. On January 1, the country disintegrated as a political union, while preserving an economic and monetary union. Then, the Czech-Slovak monetary union collapsed on February 8. This paper analyzes the economic background of the two break-ups from the perspective of the optimum currency area literature. The main finding is that the Czech and Slovak economies were vulnerable to asymmetric economic shocks, such as those induced by the economic transition. In particular, the stability of Czechoslovakia was undermined by low correlation of permanent output shocks, low labor mobility and higher concentration of heavy and military industries in Slovakia.
Precursor candidacy and validation: The VAN Case so far

A reliable identification of seismic precursors requires a two-step statistical approach: a retrospective “learning” step to establish the candidate precursors on the basis of ad hoc chosen laws of the game, and a “validation” step which evaluates candidate precursors on an independent data set according to the previously established laws of the game. No published work has so far provided a sound support to the candidacy of the VAN signals as earthquake precursors. The problem is complicated by a chronic fuzziness in the text of VAN's predictions, which often allows different interpretations, and by the absence of any clear statement by VAN of the laws of the game.
Time-calibrated phylogeny and full mitogenome sequence of the Galapagos sea lion (Zalophus wollebaeki) from scat DNA

Background The Galapagos sea lion, Zalophus wollebaeki, is an endemic and endangered otariid, which is considered as a sentinel species of ecosystem dynamics in the Galapagos archipelago. Mitochondrial DNA is an important tool in phylogenetic and population genetic inference. In this work we use Illumina sequencing to complement the mitogenomic resources for Zalophus genus—the other two species employed Sanger sequencing—by a complete mitochondrial genome and a molecular clock of this species, which is not present in any case. Materials and Methods We used DNA obtained from a fresh scat sample of a Galapagos sea lion and shotgun-sequenced it on the Illumina NextSeq platform. The obtained raw reads were processed using the GetOrganelle software to filter the mitochondrial Zalophus DNA reads (∼16% survive the filtration), assemble them, and set up a molecular clock. Results From the obtained 3,511,116 raw reads, we were able to assemble a full mitogenome of a length of 16,676 bp, consisting of 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNAs (tRNA), and two ribosomal RNAs (rRNA). A time-calibrated phylogeny confirmed the phylogenetic position of Z. wollebaeki in a clade with Z. californianus, and Z. japonicus, and sister to Z. californianus; as well as establishing the divergence time for Z. wollebaeki 0.65 million years ago. Our study illustrates the possibility of seamlessly sequencing full mitochondrial genomes from fresh scat samples of marine mammals.
Aprendizajes de vinculación en la Universidad Nacional de Córdoba: la experiencia de las “Reuniones academia-industria”

La conciencia generalizada de que el conocimiento se co-construye entre actores y de manera sistémica, da lugar a que progresivamente exista un mayor número de iniciativas orientadas a generar espacios de articulación e intercambio. En este marco, las universidades resignifican sus roles como instituciones de convergencia intersectorial. La Universidad Nacional de Córdoba viene trabajando en este sentido en los últimos años, implementando acciones sucesivas que le permitan vislumbrar desafíos y oportunidades de intervención. El objetivo de este trabajo es relatar una experiencia en particular, asociada al desarrollo de un evento titulado Reuniones Academia Industria. Lo transitado de manera previa y posterior al evento visibiliza lo enriquecedor de capitalizar los conocimientos adquiridos, los desafíos existentes asociados a la cultura de vinculación y lo importante de sostener las iniciativas en el tiempo. Se espera que el artículo contribuya a seguir reflexionando sobre esta arista institucional de la gestión tecnológica
Sociolinguistic Dimensions of Dialect use in the Algerian Education System

Algeria is a diglossic community, the existence of MSA as the only means of instruction on one hand and AA, the mother tongue of the Algerian learner on the other, makes the process of learning an arduous one. The paper examines the classroom environment in primary school. It explores the teachers’ awareness, knowledge and understanding of, and attitudes and feelings towards, monolingualism, bidialectalism. The study also briefly considers whether teacher training has amply prepared these teachers for the confrontation of a bidialectal classroom. The data is discussed in terms of education and Second Language Acquisition theory and the Algerian education and language policies. The results of indicate that the teachers have two fundamental suppositions that support their action and classroom construction. (1) a lack of exposure to MSA is the primary cause of language problems for learners, (2) AA, the mother tongue, does not need to be maintained or promoted in the school environment because learners are sufficiently exposed to their L1 in the home.