Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Preclinical Cold Atmospheric Plasma Cancer Treatment

Simple Summary Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is generated in a rapid yet low-energy input streamer-discharge process at atmospheric pressure conditions. CAP is an ionized gas with a low ionization level and plenty of reactive species and radicals. These reactive components, and their near-room temperature nature, make CAP a powerful tool in medical applications, particularly cancer therapy. Here, we summarized the latest development and status of preclinical applications of CAP in cancer therapy, which may guide further clinical studies of CAP-based cancer therapy. Abstract CAP is an ionized gas generated under atmospheric pressure conditions. Due to its reactive chemical components and near-room temperature nature, CAP has promising applications in diverse branches of medicine, including microorganism sterilization, biofilm inactivation, wound healing, and cancer therapy. Currently, hundreds of in vitro demonstrations of CAP-based cancer treatments have been reported. However, preclinical studies, particularly in vivo studies, are pivotal to achieving a final clinical application. Here, we comprehensively introduced the research status of the preclinical usage of CAP in cancer treatment, by primarily focusing on the in vivo studies over the past decade. We summarized the primary research strategies in preclinical and clinical studies, including transdermal CAP treatment, post-surgical CAP treatment, CAP-activated solutions treatment, and sensitization treatment to drugs. Finally, the underlying mechanism was discussed based on the latest understanding.
Explainable Analysis of Deep Learning Models for Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Classification with Chest X-Ray Images: Towards Practical Applications

In recent years, with numerous developments of convolutional neural network (CNN) classification models for medical diagnosis, the issue of misre-cognition/misclassification has become more and more important. Thus, research on misrecognition/misclassification has been progressing. This study focuses on the problem of misrecognition/misclassification of CNN classification models for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) using chest X-ray images. We construct two models for COVID-19 pneumonia classification by fine-tuning ResNet-50 architecture, i.e., a model retrained with full-sized original images and a model retrained with segmented images. The present study demonstrates the uncertainty (misrecognition/misclassification) of model performance caused by the discrepancy in the shapes of images at the phase of model construction and that of clinical applications. To achieve it, we apply three XAI methods to demonstrate and explain the uncertainty of classification results obtained from the two constructed models assuming for clinical applications. Experimental results indicate that the performance of classification models cannot be maintained when the type of constructed model and the geometric shape of input images are not matched, which may bring about misrecognition in clinical applications. We also notice that the effect of adversarial attack might be induced if the method of image segmentation is not performed
Integrative Analyses Identify Potential Key Genes and Calcium-Signaling Pathway in Familial Atrioventricular Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia Using Whole-Exome Sequencing

Background Atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) is a common arrhythmia. Growing evidence suggests that family aggregation and genetic factors are involved in AVNRT. However, in families with a history of AVNRT, disease-causing genes have not been reported. Objective To investigate the genetic contribution of familial AVNRT using a whole-exome sequencing (WES) approach. Methods Blood samples were collected from 20 patients from nine families with a history of AVNRT and 100 control participants, and we systematically analyzed mutation profiles using WES. Gene-based burden analysis, integration of previous sporadic AVNRT data, pedigree-based co-segregation, protein-protein interaction network analysis, single-cell RNA sequencing, and confirmation of animal phenotype were performed. Results Among 95 related reference genes, seven candidate pathogenic genes have been identified both in sporadic and familial AVNRT, including CASQ2, AGXT, ANK2, SYNE2, ZFHX3, GJD3, and SCN4A. Among the 37 reference genes from sporadic AVNRT, five candidate pathogenic genes were identified in patients with both familial and sporadic AVNRT: LAMC1, ryanodine receptor 2 (RYR2), COL4A3, NOS1, and ATP2C2. To identify the common pathogenic mechanisms in all AVNRT cases, five pathogenic genes were identified in patients with both familial and sporadic AVNRT: LAMC1, RYR2, COL4A3, NOS1, and ATP2C2. Considering the unique internal candidate pathogenic gene within pedigrees, three genes, TRDN, CASQ2, and WNK1, were likely to be the pathogenic genes in familial AVNRT. Notably, the core calcium-signaling pathway may be closely associated with the occurrence of AVNRT, including CASQ2, RYR2, TRDN, NOS1, ANK2, and ATP2C2. Conclusion Our pedigree-based studies demonstrate that RYR2 and related calcium signaling pathway play a critical role in the pathogenesis of familial AVNRT using the WES approach.
Objet effectué et constructions nominales

L'article se fonde sur la distinction entre «objets effectues» et «objets affectes». La combinaison d'un verbe transitif exprimant une idee de creation et d'un objet effectue constitue un predicat verbo-nominal, ex. : faire un dessin. Un tel predicat se situe dans une zone intermediaire entre la syntaxe verbale et la syntaxe nominale. Il se revele, pour des raisons tant semantiques que syntaxiques, un phenomene indispensable pour comprendre la composition et le schema valentiel des syntagmes nominaux complexes
The Variance of Photophysical Properties of Tetraphenylethene and Its Derivatives during Their Transitions from Dissolved States to Solid States

The study of aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) shows promising perspectives explored in lighting, optical sensors, and biological therapies. Due to their unique feature of intense emissions in aggregated solid states, it smoothly circumvents the weaknesses in fluorescent dyes, which include aggregation-caused quenching of emission and poor photobleaching character. However, our present knowledge of the AIE phenomena still cannot comprehensively explain the mechanism behind the substantially enhanced emission in their aggregated solid states. Herein, to systematically study the mechanism, the typical AIEgens tetraphenylethene (TPE) was chosen, to elucidate its photophysical properties, the TPE in THF/H2O binary solvents, TPE in THF solvents depending on concentration, and the following direct conversion from a dissolved state to a precipitated solid state were analyzed. Moreover, the TPE derivatives were also investigated to supply more evidence to better decipher the generally optical behaviors of TPE and its derivatives. For instance, the TPE derivative was homogeneously dispersed into tetraethyl orthosilicate to monitor the variance of photophysical properties during sol–gel processing. Consequently, TPE and its derivatives are hypothesized to abide by the anti-Kasha rule in dissolved states. In addition, the factors primarily influencing the nonlinear emission shifting of TPE and its derivatives are also discussed.
Molecular characterization of chicken anemia virus in Guangxi Province, southern China, from 2018 to 2020

Background Chicken anemia virus (CAV) causes chicken infectious anemia, which results in immunosuppression; the virus has spread widely in chicken flocks in China. Objectives The aim of this study was to understand recent CAV genetic evolution in chicken flocks in Guangxi Province, southern China. Methods In total, 350 liver samples were collected from eight commercial broiler chicken farms in Guangxi Province in southern China from 2018 to 2020. CAV was detected by conventional PCR, and twenty CAV complete genomes were amplified and used for the phylogenetic analysis and recombination analysis. Results The overall CAV-positive rate was 17.1%. The genetic analysis revealed that 84 CAVs were distributed in groups A, B, C (subgroups C1-C3) and D. In total, 30 of 47 Chinese CAV sequences from 2005-2020 belong to subgroup C3, including 15 CAVs from this study. There were some specific mutation sites among the intergenotypes in the VP1 protein. The amino acids at position 394Q in the VP1 protein of 20 CAV strains were consistent with the characteristics of a highly pathogenic strain. GX1904B was a putative recombinant. Conclusions Subgroup C3 was the dominant genotype in Guangxi Province from 2018–2020. The 20 CAV strains in this study might be virulent according to the amino acid residue analysis. These data help improve our understanding of the epidemiological trends of CAV in southern China.
Association of Dry Eye Diseases and Auditory Sensitivity

This study aimed to evaluate the association between dry eye and inner ear diseases in a Korean population. Methods: Data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey (KNHANES V, 2010–2012), a national cross-sectional health examination and survey, were collected by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The association between dry eye and inner ear disease was determined using the chi-square test and logistic regression analysis. The individuals were divided into two age groups (<60 and ≥60 years). Results: In total, 17,542 individuals (n = 11,932 in the <60 years group and n = 5610 in the ≥60 years group) were enrolled. After adjusting for confounding factors, the logistic regression model revealed that the associated factors were dizziness and loss of balance experience (OR, 1.315; 95% CI, 1.143–1.513), self-awareness of abnormal voice (OR, 1.372; 95% CI, 1.120–1.679), subjective hearing discomfort (OR, 1.278; CI, 1.084–1.506), and tinnitus (OR, 1.265; 95% CI, 1.101–1.453). The inversely associated factor for dry eye was bilateral hearing loss (OR, 0.497; 95% CI, 0.367–0.672). The hearing threshold was lower in the dry eye group than in the non-dry eye group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Tinnitus was associated with dry eye and bilateral hearing loss was inversely associated with dry eye. These results suggest that hypersensitivity of the senses and nerves, which is neuropathic hyperesthesia, is one of the main mechanisms of dry eye. Treatment of neuropathy may help in treating dry eye associated with dizziness or tinnitus.
The Preparation of Hydroxyl-Terminated Deproteinized Natural Rubber Latex by Photochemical Reaction Utilizing Nanometric TiO2 Depositing on Quartz Substrate as a Photocatalyst

Hydroxyl-terminated natural rubber (HTNR) is a product of interest for making natural rubber (NR) easy and versatile for use in a wide range of applications. Photochemical degradation using a TiO2 film that has been deposited on a glass substrate is one of the fascinating methods of producing HTNR. Nevertheless, light energy is wasted during the photodegradation process because a glass substrate has a cutoff for ultraviolet light. To enhance the effectiveness of the process, a quartz substrate was coated with the TiO2 film for photochemical breakdown. X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were applied to investigate the TiO2 deposited on glass and quartz substrates. In addition, the influence of several factors, such as rubber and surfactant concentrations, on the reaction was investigated. After the reaction, the properties of the rubber products, including intrinsic viscosity, molecular weight, and microstructure, were determined. A unique diffraction peak for the anatase (101) phase could be observed in the TiO2 film deposited on the quartz substrate, resulting in photochemical activity and photocatalytic efficiency significantly higher than those of the substrate made of glass. In the scenario of deproteinized NR (DPNR) latex containing 10% DRC, 20% w/w H2O2, and TiO2 film coated on a quartz substrate, the HTNR could be manufactured effectively.
Evaluation of 10-Week Neuromuscular Training Program on Body Composition of Elite Female Soccer Players

Simple Summary Soccer performance is complex, requiring mastery of sport specific technical and tactical skills with ideal physical fitness (i.e., includes sprints, hops, accelerations, changes of directions, and so on) and body composition (i.e., increase lean muscle mass and decrease fat mass). In the last decades, performance models have helped to understand the multifactorial mechanisms involved in physical performance in sports. Hence, we tested the hypothesis that a neuromuscular training (NMT) program has an effect on body composition parameters in elite female soccer players. The result showed that implementation of 10-week with thrice-weekly NMT program improves body composition in elite female soccer players. Abstract (1) Background: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of a 10-week neuromuscular training program (NMT) on the sum of six skinfolds (Σ6S) and body composition variables in elite female soccer players. (2) Methods: Forty-four Spanish elite female soccer players (age: 24.0 ± 4.2 years; height: 164.3 ± 5.5 cm; body mass: 60.4 ± 5.5 kg; body mass index (BMI): 22.4 ± 2.2 kg/m2) were randomly assigned to a control group (CG) or to an experimental group (EG). Participants in the EG completed a specific NMT program of 24 min, three times per week, which included exercises from six different categories (mobility, dynamic stability, anterior chain strength, lumbopelvic control, posterior chain strength, and change of direction). The CG followed their normal strength and conditioning program. Pre- and post-intervention assessments included anthropometric measurements (weight, height, limb circumferences, and bone breadths), and subsequently, body composition factors BMI, Σ6S, body mass, muscle mass, and lean body mass were calculated. Nutrition was standardized by a nutritionist and also load monitored. (3) Results: A two-way mixed analysis of variance (group × time) revealed that there was a significant (p ≤ 0.001) group × time interaction between body mass, fat mass, and Σ6S in favor of NMT. A significant interaction was also observed for body skeletal muscle mass and lean body mass favoring NMT. (4) Conclusions: The application of an NMT program seems to be a useful strategy to improve body composition in elite female soccer players.
ERP signatures of pseudowords’ acquired emotional connotations of disgust and sadness

ABSTRACT The present study investigated how acquired disgusting and sad connotations affect neural activity in word processing. Participants completed a learning session in which pseudowords were paired with faces showing disgusted, sad, and neutral expressions, followed by an event-related potential (ERP) recording session involving a lexical-semantic decision task. ERP results revealed that sad pseudowords reduced the early posterior negativity (EPN) amplitudes compared to disgusting and neutral pseudowords in the early time window whereas disgusting pseudowords reduced the late positive component (LPC) amplitudes compared to neutral pseudowords. Importantly, the source localization in the EPN time window dissociated the three emotional conditions: disgusting pseudowords elicited the largest activation in the right insular cortex, sad pseudowords elicited more activity in the right anterior cingulate cortex, and neutral pseudowords increased activation in the occipital lobe. These results suggested that faces are effective sources for acquiring words’ emotional connotations, revealing corresponding distinctive neural signatures.
Diagnostic Strategies for Breast Cancer Detection: From Image Generation to Classification Strategies Using Artificial Intelligence Algorithms

Simple Summary With the recent advances in the field of artificial intelligence, it has been possible to develop robust and accurate methodologies that can deliver noticeable results in different health- related areas, where the oncology is one the hottest research areas nowadays, as it is now possible to fuse information that the images have with the patient medical records in order to offer a more accurate diagnosis. In this sense, understanding the process of how an AI-based methodology is developed can offer a helpful insight to develop such methodologies. In this review, we comprehensively guide the reader on the steps required to develop such methodology, starting from the image formation to its processing and interpretation using a wide variety of methods; further, some techniques that can be used in the next-generation diagnostic strategies are also presented. We believe this helpful insight will provide deeper comprehension to students and researchers in the related areas, of the advantages and disadvantages of every method. Abstract Breast cancer is one the main death causes for women worldwide, as 16% of the diagnosed malignant lesions worldwide are its consequence. In this sense, it is of paramount importance to diagnose these lesions in the earliest stage possible, in order to have the highest chances of survival. While there are several works that present selected topics in this area, none of them present a complete panorama, that is, from the image generation to its interpretation. This work presents a comprehensive state-of-the-art review of the image generation and processing techniques to detect Breast Cancer, where potential candidates for the image generation and processing are presented and discussed. Novel methodologies should consider the adroit integration of artificial intelligence-concepts and the categorical data to generate modern alternatives that can have the accuracy, precision and reliability expected to mitigate the misclassifications.
study on influence of complex trauma on attachment styles in young adults

Human beings are social animals in a world cemented by a complex network of attachments. Born with tabula-rasa, we are at the mercy of life experiences to shape our worldview. Perception and attention are powerful phenomena that structure the unique world each one of us inhabits. Ironically, we see the world as we are, yet the world we live in reinforces our beliefs, which is akin to living in echo chambers. The present study aimed at studying the influence of complex trauma on attachment styles and consequently attachment behaviours proved fruitful. From the correlational analysis of the data of 101 non-clinical young adult participants, the two variables showed significant correlation. The negative worldview created emotional dysfunction leading to difficulty forming close and dependable relationships. It created room for preoccupation and discomfort.
AC Loss Evaluation of NI REBCO Pancake Coils in External Low-Frequency Magnetic Field

No-insulation (NI) rare-earth barium copper oxide (REBCO) pancake coils have attracted much attention because of their high thermal stability. It is, therefore, expected to apply NI REBCO pancake coils to various applications. In recent years, there have been discussions on the possibility of applying NI REBCO pancake coils to field coils of synchronous motors for ship and aircraft propulsion. NI REBCO field coils would be exposed to an AC magnetic field of ∼1 Hz. The AC losses must be discussed because a current is induced in an NI REBCO coil under externa AC field. AC losses in NI REBCO pancake coils exposed to changing magnetic fields should be investigated in detail. In this paper, the AC Joule loss of the NI-REBCO pancake coils is investigated by simulation using a partial element equivalent circuit (PEEC) model. The magnetization loss is also investigated based on the Bean model when a low-frequency AC magnetic field is applied to the NI REBCO pancake coil. From the simulation results, we concluded a high contact resistivity can sufficiently reduce the Joule loss.
Normally-Off AlGaN/GaN HEMT using fluorine implantation below the channel

RESUME - AlGaN/GaN HEMTs are very promising candidates for high frequency applications with high power and low noise. Unfortunately, while switching applications strongly demand normally-off operation, conventional HEMTs are normally-on. For the sake of achieving normally-off HEMTs, several structures have been proposed. One of the major normally-off HEMTs uses fluorine implantation in the AlGaN layer. We suggest in this work the implantation of fluorine ions under the AlGaN/GaN interface only below the gate electrode rather than implanting in the AlGaN layer. Simulation results show that the proposed method is capable of achieving normallyoff operation and more effective when it comes to the fluorine concentration required to obtain the desired threshold voltage. Neither the vertical breakdown voltage, nor the off-state current are affectedby this approach.
Vision-Based Module for Herding with a Sheepdog Robot

Livestock farming is assisted more and more by technological solutions, such as robots. One of the main problems for shepherds is the control and care of livestock in areas difficult to access where grazing animals are attacked by predators such as the Iberian wolf in the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula. In this paper, we propose a system to automatically generate benchmarks of animal images of different species from iNaturalist API, which is coupled with a vision-based module that allows us to automatically detect predators and distinguish them from other animals. We tested multiple existing object detection models to determine the best one in terms of efficiency and speed, as it is conceived for real-time environments. YOLOv5m achieves the best performance as it can process 64 FPS, achieving an mAP (with IoU of 50%) of 99.49% for a dataset where wolves (predator) or dogs (prey) have to be detected and distinguished. This result meets the requirements of pasture-based livestock farms.
Design, Optimization and FEM Analysis of a Surface-Mounted Permanent-magnet Brushless DC Motor

In this paper a fast analytical algorithm for design a surface-mounted PM Brushless DC motor (SMPM-BLDC) for variable-speed application based on electromagnetic field analysis and RSM optimization algorithm is discussed. To achieve the desired performance, the physical dimensions of the proposed SMPM-BLDC motor subject to minimal ripple torque utilizing RSM optimization algorithm were optimized. Finally, to evaluate the motor performance and confirm the accuracy of the proposed design procedure 2-D Finite Element (FE) analysis were employed. The obtained numerical analysis results explain the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed machine design methodology.
Moving away from trading on the margins: Economic empowerment of informal businesses through FinTech

While there have been increasing studies on the impact of financial technology (FinTech), limited research has explored how FinTech supports economic empowerment for informal businesses. Drawing on institutional logics and a case study of mobile money—a FinTech innovation—this study develops a model of mobile money‐driven economic empowerment. We argue that this model is important to explain how those at the bottom of the economic pyramid, who are often neglected, use FinTech innovations to create and run informal businesses. Our findings and model explain the dynamics between logics, actors, and mobile money at three levels: regulatory, payments infrastructure, and informal economy. We identify three corresponding effects as outcomes of economic empowerment for informal businesses: greater access to start‐up capital, new employment opportunities, and improved financial management. By illustrating these effects, our study contributes to a better understanding of how FinTech innovations offer a possible pathway to economic empowerment for informal businesses.