Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
N-tosylhydrazones as acceptors for nucleophilic alkyl radicals in photoredox catalysis: A short case study on possible side reactions

Abstract We report the attempted development of a photoredox-catalyzed α-C–H alkylation reaction of aliphatic amine derivatives, using N-tosylhydrazones as radical alkylating partners. The original intention was to intercept α-aminoalkyl radical intermediates with N-tosylhydrazones, followed by the expulsion of a sulfonyl radical by β-scission to generate N-H diazene species. Facile denitrogenation of these intermediates would remove all traces of the hydrazone moiety and provide a net C–H alkylation process. However, our plans were derailed by issues with the low reactivity of N-tosylhydrazones toward intermolecular capture by nucleophilic radicals, and several unexpected side reactions. Our findings, though unsuccessful, do serve to identify challenges for future researchers attempting to develop similar transformations. Graphical Abstract
An injection molded circularly polarized endfire multibeam antenna with wide axial ratio beamwidth coverage using rhombic waveguide element

This article presents a circularly polarized (CP) endfire multibeam antenna with wide axial ratio (AR) beamwidth coverage. It is based on a dielectric loaded waveguide structure and consists of a 4 × 4 Butler matrix and four rhombic waveguide elements. Regarding to each element, it decomposes the incoming linearly polarized waves into two orthogonal modes with equal amplitude and obtains 90° phase difference between the two modes via their different dispersion characteristics to realize CP radiation. Study found that the proposed element has low cross‐polarization performance within a wide beamwidth, which contributes to realize wide 3‐dB AR beamwidth coverage in the multibeam array. In fabrication process, injection modeling and electroplating techniques are employed to construct the proposed antenna. By using this way, the structure splitting and misalignment problems, which usually existed in conventional designs, can be avoided, and the antenna weight can be maintained to a moderate level. Through the experiment, it is found that the proposed antenna can achieve an overlapped 3‐dB AR bandwidth of 10.7% from 9.7 to 10.8 GHz and a wide 3‐dB AR beamwidth coverage of 91°.
High-resolution speed of sound estimation from ultrasound waves using extended full wave inversion

Full-waveform inversion (FWI) is an imaging technique that exploits the full information content of waves, including all the phases and their relative amplitude, to get a much higher resolution than tomographic methods, which only exploit a small fraction of the data. Over the last decade, FWI has reached maturity and emerged as the leading seismic imaging technique, along with the continuous development of high-performance computing. This trend also contributes to extending FWI towards new fields such as medical imaging. In this paper, we have developed a 2D extended formulation of FWI based on the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) to estimate the speed of sound (SOS) and acoustic attenuation inside a heterogeneous medium from a circular array of 128 ultrasonic transducers. Our Extended 2D FWI has shown promising results when it is compared with travel time tomography and the classical formulation of FWI.
Towards Automatic Root Cause Diagnosis of Persistent Packet Loss in Cloud Overlay Network

Persistent packet loss in the cloud-scale overlay network severely compromises tenant experiences. Cloud providers are keen to diagnose such problems efficiently. However, existing work is either designed for the physical network or insufficient to present the concrete reason of packet loss. We propose to record and analyze the on-site forwarding condition of packets during packet-level tracing. The cloud-scale overlay network presents great challenges to achieve this goal with its high network complexity, multi-tenant nature, and diversity of root causes. To address these challenges, we present VTrace, an automatic diagnostic system for persistent packet loss over the cloud-scale overlay network. Utilizing the “fast path-slow path” structure of virtual forwarding devices (VFDs), e.g., vSwitches, VTrace installs several “coloring-matching-logging” rules in VFDs to selectively track the target packets and inspect them in depth. The detailed forwarding situation at each hop is logged and then assembled to perform analysis with an efficient path reconstruction scheme. Experiments are conducted to demonstrate VTrace’s low overhead and quick response. Besides, based on the idea “coloring-matching-counting”, VTrace can be easily extended to VTrace-stats to identify the culprit device for transient packet loss. We share experiences of how VTrace and VTrace-stats efficiently work after deploying them in Alibaba Cloud for years.
Regulatory Effects of Functional Soluble Dietary Fiber from Saccharina japonica Byproduct on the Liver of Obese Mice with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Though the relationship between dietary fiber and physical health has been investigated widely, the use of dietary fiber from marine plants has been investigated relatively rarely. The Saccharina japonica byproducts after the production of algin contain a large amount of insoluble polysaccharide, which will cause a waste of resources if ignored. Soluble dietary fiber (SDF)prepared from waste byproducts of Saccharina japonica by alkaline hydrolysis method for the first time had a wrinkled microscopic surface and low crystallinity, which not only significantly reduced liver index, serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine amiotransferase (ALT), and liver fat accumulation damage to the livers of obese diabetic mice, but also activated the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to increase liver glycogen synthesis and glycolysis. By LC-MS/MS employing a Nexera UPLC tandem QE high-resolution mass spectrometer, the 6 potential biomarker metabolites were screened, namely glycerophosphocholine (GPC), phosphocholine (PCho), pantothenic acid, glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), and betaine; several pathways of these metabolites were associated with lipid metabolism, glycogen metabolism, and amino acid metabolism in the liver were observed. This study further provided a detailed insight into the mechanisms of SDF from Saccharina japonica byproducts in regulating the livers of obese mice with type 2 diabetes and laid a reliable foundation for the further development and utilization of Saccharina japonica.
Design of Radio-Frequency Filters and Oscillators in Deep-Submicron CMOS Technology

An abstract of the dissertation of Haiqiao Xiao for the Doctor of Philosophy in Electrical and Computer Engineering presented April 15, 2008. Title: Design of Radio-Frequency Filters and Oscillators in Deep-Submicron CMOS Technology Radio-frequency filters and oscillators are widely used in wireless communication and high-speed digital systems, and they are mostly built on passive integrated inductors, which occupy a relative large silicon area. This research attempted to implement filters and oscillators operating at 1-5 GHz using transistors only, to reduce the circuits’ area. The filters and oscillators are designed using active inductors, based on the gyrator principle; they are fabricated in standard digital CMOS technology to be compatible with logic circuits and further lower the cost. To obtain the highest operating frequency, only parasitic capacitors were used. Two new active-inductor circuits are derived from this research, labeled allNMOS and all-NMOS-II. The all-NMOS active inductor was used to design high-Q bandpass filters and oscillators, which were fabricated in TSMC’s 0.18-μm digital CMOS process. The highest center frequency measured was 5.7 GHz at 0.20-μm gate length and the maximum repeatably measured Q was 665. 2.4-GHz circuits were also designed and fabricated in 0.40-μm gate length. The all-NMOS-II circuit has superior linearity and signal fidelity, which are robust against process and temperature variations, due to its novel structure. It was used in signal drivers and will be
Establishment and Validation of a Nomogram Based on Negative Lymph Nodes to Predict Survival in Postoperative Patients with non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Background: The importance of the negative lymph node (NLN) count has recently attracted attention. This study aimed to determine the prognostic value of NLN count in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after radical surgery by constructing NLN-based prognostic models. Methods: This study included 33 756 patients pooled from the case listing session of the US Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from 2004 to 2015 and 545 patients collected from The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University between 2012 and 2016. X-tile software was used to calculate the optimal cutoff value for the NLN count. The associated clinical factors were determined using univariate and multivariate Cox analyses. Nomograms were developed using the SEER database and validated using hospital data. Results: The training cohort was divided into high and low NLN count subgroups based on the cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS), respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that NLN count was an independent prognostic factor, and the high NLN count subgroup had better CSS and OS than those of the low NLN count subgroup (HR = 0.632, 95% CI 0.551-0.724, P < .001 for CSS and HR = 0.641, 95% CI 0.571-0.720, P < .001 for OS). Nomograms were established, exhibiting good discrimination ability with a C-index of 0.789 (95% CI 0.778 −0.798) for CSS and 0.704 (95% CI, 0.694 −0.714) for OS. The calibration plots of the validation cohorts showed optimal agreement with the training cohort, with a C-index of 0.681 (95% CI 0.646 −0.716) for CSS and 0.645 (95% CI 0.614 −0.676) for OS. Conclusions: NLN count is a strong prognostic factor for OS and CSS in NSCLC patients and the prognostic model provides a useful risk stratification for NSCLC patients when applied to clinical practice.
ICD Outcome in Pediatric Cardiomyopathies

Background: Pediatric patients with cardiomyopathies are at risk of malignant arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death (SCD). An ICD may prevent SCD. The aim of this study was to evaluate ICD implantation outcomes, and to compare transvenous and subcutaneous ICDs (S-ICDs) implanted in pediatric patients with cardiomyopathies. Methods: The study is single center and retrospective, and includes pediatric patients with cardiomyopathies who required ICD implantation (2010–2021). Outcomes were recorded for appropriate/inappropriate ICD therapy and surgical complications. Transvenous ICD and S-ICD were compared. Data are presented as median values (25th–75th centiles). Results: Forty-four patients with cardiomyopathies (hypertrophic 39%, arrhythmogenic 32%, dilated 27%, and restrictive 2%) underwent transvenous (52%) and S-ICD (48%) implantation at 14 (12–17) years of age, mostly for primary prevention (73%). The follow-up period was 29 (14–60) months. Appropriate ICD therapies were delivered in 25% of patients, without defibrillation failures. Lower age at implantation and secondary prevention were significant risk factors for malignant ventricular arrhythmias that required appropriate ICD therapies. ICD-related complications were surgical complications (18%) and inappropriate shocks (7%). No significant differences in outcomes were recorded, either when comparing transvenous and S-ICD or comparing the different cardiomyopathies. Conclusions: In pediatric patients with cardiomyopathy, ICD therapy is effective, with a low rate of inappropriate shocks. Neither ICD type (transvenous and S-ICDs) nor the cardiomyopathies subgroup revealed divergent outcomes.
Economic Performance of Selected Regions in Ukraine

The paper considers tendencies and perspectives of the development of the chosen Ukrainian regions: Chernivtsi, Dnipropetrovsk, Kyiv, Mykolayiv, Poltava, and Ternopil regions. To carry out this study, the data were used on gross regional product (GRP) per capita, export of goods per capita, and import of goods per capita in 2002-2016. Applying the random walk with the drift model, forecasts of the monitored indicators in 2017-2019 were prepared. Based on the analyzed data, significant differences in terms of regional economic strategies were identified. It was also found out that there had been a significant gap between the best and worst regions regarding the level of economic development (i.e. GRP per capita). This situation is expected to remain the same in the prognosis period. It was concluded that, for lagging regions, it is necessary to change the strategic approaches and implement targeted measures in order to improve their economic position and competitiveness.
Validation of the Arabic Version of the Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory (FMI-Ar) Among a Sample of Lebanese University Students

Background Mindfulness presents a self-regulation tool allowing the individual to recognize and accept mental experiences. We chose to validate the short form of FMI called FMI-14, since it contains all aspects of the original long version and it can be used among various general population. Interests in including mindfulness techniques in medical and psychological fields has been increasing recently. Accordingly, it is important to validate FMI-14-Ar to help professionals living in the Arabic speaking countries. Thus, the main objective of this study was to validate the Arabic version of the Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory (FMI-Ar) among a sample of Lebanese university students. Methods This study is a cross-sectional one carried out between July and September 2021 and enrolling 363 Lebanese university students recruited through convenience sampling through several Lebanese universities. The questionnaire included socio-demographic characteristics and the following scales: Lebanese Anxiety Scale (LAS-10) to assess anxiety, Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) to assess depression and Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory (FMI) to assess mindfulness. To estimate categorical confirmatory factor analysis of the FMI scale the Mplus was used and SPSS software version 23 was used for data analysis. Results Participants mean age was 22.65 ± 3.48 years, and the majority 61.7% were females. The fit indices of the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) of the one-factor model of the FMI came out as follows: χ2/df= 218.33/77=2.83, RMSEA= 0.071 [0.060-0.082], CFI=0.92 and TLI= 0.90. The Cronbach’s alpha value for the total scale was excellent (0.92). Additionally, the FMI score was negatively associated with anxiety (r=-0.48; p<0.001) and depression (r=-0.51; p=0.001). Conclusion All hypotheses (factor, convergent, and divergent validity) related to the FMI-Ar were verified in our study. Therefore, professionals can now benefit from the FMI-Ar, a suitable scale to measure mindfulness among Lebanese university students.
Research on the High Definition Intelligent Surveillance System for Urban Intersection

A complete set of efficient and robust vehicle detection and tracking algorithms for high definition video was proposed based on the analysis of the complex urban traffic intersections.The intelligent surveillance system achieved integrated traffic surveillance,including traffic flow acquisition,vehicle violation recording and license plate recognition.The efficient two-step vehicle detection method was proposed,which firstly uses the robust inter-frame edge map difference for motion detection,then recognizes passing vehicles by the prominent properties of both the projection of license plate texture and the color of taillights.Vehicle tracking was achieved during a long spatial span by pyramidal Lucas-Kanade method based on large scale FAST corners as robust feature points during daytime and by taillight areas tracking with Kalman filters at night.The system provided promising performance in practice with 96.5% traffic flow accuracy and 87.6% effective ratio of traffic violation recording.
Microstructure-Free Finite Element Modeling for Elasticity Characterization and Design of Fine-Particulate Composites

The microstructure-based finite element modeling (MB-FEM) of material representative volume element (RVE) is a widely used tool in the characterization and design of various composites. However, the MB-FEM has a number of deficiencies, e.g., time-consuming in the generation of a workable geometric model, challenge in achieving high volume-fractions of inclusions, and poor quality of finite element mesh. In this paper, we first demonstrate that for particulate composites the particle inclusions have homogeneous distribution and random orientation, and if the ratio of particle characteristic length to RVE size is adequately small, elastic properties characterized from the RVE are independent of particle shape and size. Based on this fact, we propose a microstructure-free finite element modeling (MF-FEM) approach to eliminate the deficiencies of the MB-FEM. The MF-FEM first generates a uniform mesh of brick elements for the RVE, and then a number of the elements, with their total volume determined by the desired volume fraction of inclusions, is randomly selected and assigned with the material properties of the inclusions; the rest of the elements are set to have the material properties of the matrix. Numerical comparison showed that the MF-FEM has a similar accuracy as the MB-FEM in the predicted properties. The MF-FEM was validated against experimental data reported in the literature and compared with the widely used micromechanical models. The results show that for a composite with small contrast of phase properties, the MF-FEM has excellent agreement with both the experimental data and the micromechanical models. However, for a composite that has large contrast of phase properties and high volume-fraction of inclusions, there exist significant differences between the MF-FEM and the micromechanical models. The proposed MF-FEM may become a more effective tool than the MB-FEM for material engineers to design novel composites.
HIGH RESOLUTION 3D-RECONSTRUCTION OF BODY PARTS WITH STRUCTURED LIGHT ILLUMINATION

This paper describes a low-cost miniaturized 3D reconstruction approach using structured light. By projecting known patterns onto a surface shape and structure of the surface can be measured and characteristic parameters of deformation can be determined. Existing approaches use large geometries and complex optical components. Here we present our system with a size of a cigarette pack and a working distance of only 6 cm. The theoretical depth resolution of the system, estimated from the camera and projector resolution and the system geometry, is about 150 µm. The total costs for components excluding PC and mount are less than 300 EUR.
Experimental research on seismic behavior of steel plate shear walls

An experimental research was conducted on seismic behavior of steel plate shear walls,in order to support the design of the Tianjin International Financial Conference Hotel.Three model specimens of four story steel plate shear wall with 1∶ 5 scale were tested under low-cycle reverse load.One specimen with wall panels with openings was designated as SPSW-1,the second one with wall panels without openings was designated as SPSW-2,and the third one with wall panels with openings and an interior column was designated as SPSW-3. [-shaped and——shaped stiffeners were attached to wall panels of specimens.The test results show that steel plate shear walls have good strength,ductility and energy dissipation capacity,and the strength and stiffness of steel plate shear walls can be obviously reduced due to openings and improved due to the interior column.Stiffeners can be used to reinforce the openings so that the stiffness and stability of steel plate shear walls can be significantly enhanced.
Female fertility and the zona pellucida

Fertility in female mammals, including mice and humans, is dependent on the presence of a zona pellucida (ZP) around growing oocytes and unfertilized eggs. A ZP is required to stabilize contacts between oocyte microvilli and follicle cell projections that traverse the ZP to form gap junctions that support the health of growing oocytes and developing follicles. In the absence of a ZP, due to inactivation or mutation of genes encoding ZP proteins, there is a loss of contacts between growing oocytes and neighboring follicle cells and a concomitant reduction in the production of ovulated eggs that results in female infertility.
The Efficacy and Safety of Zhengqing Fengtongning for Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

Background Zhengqing Fengtongning release tablet (ZQFTN) is a proprietary Chinese medicine preparation of sinomenine, the main active component of the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Sinomenium acutum. It is used in China as a complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) for knee osteoarthritis (KOA). The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of ZQFTN in KOA treatment. Method Randomized controlled trials of ZQFTN in KOA treatment were searched in PubMed, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Scientific Journals Database, and Wanfang database. Two reviewers independently conducted the screening, extracted the data, and assessed the methodological quality. Statistical analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software. Results Eighteen studies were assessed that included 1512 participants (757 in the treatment group and 755 in the control group). The results showed that compared with the control group, the Visual Analogue Scale (standardized mean difference (SMD) = −0.87, 95% confidence interval (CI): [−1.08, −0.66], P < 0.001), Western Ontario and Mc Master University (WOMAC) Osteoarthritis Index pain score (SMD = −0.67, 95% CI: [−0.88, −0.46], P < 0.001), WOMAC stiffness score (SMD = −0.53, 95% CI: [−0.86, −0.20], P=0.001), WOMAC function score (SMD = −0.76, 95% CI: [−0.97, −0.55], P < 0.001), serum interleukin-1β level (SMD = −4.36, 95% CI: [−6.41, −2.31], P < 0.001), and serum tumor necrosis factor-α level (SMD = −8.45, 95% CI: [−11.20, −5.69], P < 0.001) of the ZQFTN treatment group were lower, and the total effective rate was higher relative risk (RR = 1.15, 95% CI [1.07, 1.23], P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (RR = 0.96, 95% CI: [0.69, 1.35], P=0.82). Conclusion ZQFTN can effectively relieve knee pain, morning stiffness, and daily activity function disorders, reduce the expression of inflammatory factors in serum, and improve the total clinical response rate without increasing the incidence of adverse reactions. Therefore, ZQFTN has considerable potential as a CAM for KOA. However, due to the limitation of the quality of the included studies, the strength of this conclusion is affected. In the next step, multicenter, large sample, high-quality randomized controlled studies are needed to further confirm the present conclusion.