Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Oil spill remote sensors: Review, trends and new developments

Remote-sensors for application to oil spills are assessed, and new developments and trends highlighted. The most common sensor used at this time, is an infrared camera or an IR/UV system. This sensor class can detect oil under a variety of conditions, discriminate oil from some backgrounds and has the lowest cost of any sensor. The inherent weaknesses include the inability to discriminate oil on beaches, among weeds or debris and under certain lighting conditions, oil is not detected. Furthermore, water-in-oil emulsions are sometimes not detected in the infrared. New technology has made IR technology very cheap and practical, so despite its limitations, it will be a very important tool in the future. The laser fluorosensor is an instrument of the future because of its unique capability to identify oil on backgrounds that include water, soil, ice and snow. It is the only sensor that can positively discriminate oil on most backgrounds. Radar offers the only potential for large area searches and foul weather remote sensing. Radar is costly, requires a dedicated aircraft, and is prone to many interferences. False targets can be as high as 95%. Equipment operating in the visible spectrum, such as cameras and scanners, is useful formore » documentation or providing a basis for the overlay of other data. It is not useful beyond this because oil shows no spectral characteristics in the visible region. Less use will be made of visible equipment in future years. The use of satellite imagery is reviewed. Optical sensors offer only marginal capability to the oil spill worker. Radar satellite imagery may provide useful overviews on known spills and very large spills. One important new trend will be the use of radar satellite for wide-area searching. « less
Combining Breast and Ovarian Operations Increases Complications

Background: Breast cancer resulting from a genetic mutations, such as BRCA1 or BRCA2, is seen in 5 to 10 percent of patients. More widespread genetic testing has increased the number of affected women undergoing prophylactic mastectomy and oophorectomy. Recent studies have yielded mixed results regarding complication rates after combined breast and ovarian operations. The authors compared surgical outcomes of breast operations performed in combination with salpingo-oophorectomies or as separate procedures. Methods: The authors retrospectively analyzed surgical complications and length of hospital stay in 145 female patients, from which 87 had undergone combined breast surgery and salpingo-oophorectomy, and 58 had undergone these procedures separately. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratios and 95 percent confidence intervals. Results: Patients undergoing combined breast and ovarian operations experienced higher rates of overall complications (46.5 percent versus 19 percent; p < 0.001), infections (22.2 percent versus 8.6 percent; p < 0.05), and delayed wound healing (13.2 percent versus 0 percent; p < 0.05) related to the breast surgery, when compared with patients undergoing separate procedures. Multivariate logistic regression analysis confirmed a significant association between combined surgery and overall postoperative complications (OR, 5.87; 95 percent CI, 2.03 to 16.91; p = 0.02). Patients undergoing tissue expander–based breast reconstruction combined with ovarian surgery had significantly longer hospital stays compared to patients undergoing separate procedures (3.5 days versus 1.8 days; p < 0.001). Conclusions: The authors’ data indicate that combining breast and ovarian operations is associated with a higher risk of postoperative complications related to the breast procedure and increases the duration of hospital stay in patients with tissue expander–based reconstructions. The authors’ study provides valuable information for preoperative counseling of patients considering both breast and ovarian surgery. CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic, III.
Periodic fault signal enhancement in rotating machine vibrations via stochastic resonance

This paper proposes a novel approach to periodic fault signal enhancement in rotating machine vibrations with a tristable mechanical vibration amplifier (TMVA) by exploiting stochastic resonance (SR). The TMVA is a nonlinear physical structure system that consists of a cantilever beam and a magnet system. Through the TMVA, the periodic weak signal can be amplified with the assistance of noise in the regime of SR. Benefitting from a wider interwell spacing and a smoother potential curve, the TMVA produces a more regular output waveform with lower noise in a wider operating bandwidth as compared to the monostable and bistable amplifiers. Different from the traditional signal enhancement approach which is based on digital signal processing (DSP) techniques, the designed physical structure can realize signal enhancement in a simple, intuitive, effective and adaptive way without too much complex operations. The effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed approach are validated by a simulated fault signal and the practical bearing and gearbox fault signals, in comparison with a traditional DSP-based SR method. The principle of the proposed approach shows potential applications on rotating machine fault diagnosis area and other areas related to weak periodic signal enhancement.
Hyperspectral Anomaly Detection With Tensor Average Rank and Piecewise Smoothness Constraints

Anomaly detection in hyperspectral images (HSIs) has attracted considerable interest in the remote-sensing domain, which aims to identify pixels with different spectral and spatial features from their surroundings. Most of the existing anomaly detection methods convert the 3-D data cube to a 2-D matrix composed of independent spectral vectors, which destroys the intrinsic spatial correlation between the pixels and their surrounding pixels, thus leading to considerable degradation in detection performance. In this article, we develop a tensor-based anomaly detection algorithm that can effectively preserve the spatial–spectral information of the original data. We first separate the 3-D HSI data into a background tensor and an anomaly tensor. Then the tensor nuclear norm based on the tensor singular value decomposition (SVD) is exploited to characterize the global low rank existing in both the spectral and spatial directions of the background tensor. In addition, the total variation (TV) regularization is incorporated due to the piecewise smoothness. For the anomaly component, the $l_{2.1}$ norm is exploited to promote the group sparsity of anomalous pixels. In order to improve the ability of the algorithm to distinguish the anomaly from the background, we design a robust background dictionary. We first split the HSI data into local clusters by leveraging their spectral similarity and spatial distance. Then we develop a simple but effective way based on the SVD to select representative pixels as atoms. The constructed background dictionary can effectively represent the background materials and eliminate anomalies. Experimental results obtained using several real hyperspectral datasets demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method compared with some state-of-the-art anomaly detection algorithms.
Uses of management control and performance measurement systems by Deans and Heads in Australian universities: their effects on research, teaching and networking capabilities

Invoking a resource-based view (RBV), this study investigates relationships between management control systems (MCSs) use, including information use from performance measurement systems (PMSs), and organisational capabilities in the context of academic units of Australian universities. Increased competition and attention to distinctive capabilities amongst universities, particularly at their strategic operating unit level of a Faculty1 or School2, provides the setting for application of this theoretic perspective. Based on a questionnaire survey of all Faculty Deans and Heads of Schools in all 39 universities in Australia, evidence is provided on relationships between diagnostic and interactive use of MCSs, attention given to imposed and discretionary types of PMS information, the strength of capabilities of the academic unit and, in turn, overall performance of the academic unit. Highlights of findings are that Heads/Deans conceived capabilities of their unit in functional dimensions, not in generic dimensions as found in prior literature; interactive MCS use and imposed performance measures, respectively, direct relate to several types of capabilities and indirectly to performance of the academic unit, but diagnostic MCS use does not. The findings have practical implications for styles of control systems use and performance information use by management in universities.
How Clothes Harm the Environment

Every year the fashion industry sells 80 billion pieces of clothes to customers globally, generating $1.2 trillion in revenue. This hyper-exaggerated business model, known as fast fashion, is characterized by a super-fast turnaround of products and extraordinarily low prices. Fast fashion is critically challenged because it exploits workers, its environmental impact, and the detrimental effects of a growing global second-hand clothing trade on textile manufacturing in the Global South. This essay explores these issues and provides possible strategies to counter the fashion industries’ negative consequences.
A new species of Dulichiella Stout, 1912 (Amphipoda: Melitidae) from Guanabara Bay, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

ABSTRACT A new species of Dulichiella Stout, 1912 is described in this paper. The genus Dulichiella comprises 19 species, known from tropical and warm temperate seas worldwide. Material examined was manually collected associated to infralittoral sponges, ascidians, and algae, at Urca beach rocky shore, Guanabara Bay, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The new species can be characterised by the following: antenna 1 peduncle articles ratio 1.0:1.2:0.2, article 1 ventral margin with two robust setae; mandible palp articles ratio 1.0:2.4:2.6; gnathopod 1, coxa anteroventral corner unproduced, palm concave; gnathopod 2 distolateral crown with four spines; epimeral plate 1 posteroventral corner subacute; and pleosome/urosome spine formula 7-7-7-5-4-2. An identification key to world species of the genus is provided. http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:4ACB93C0-C03C-4904-AB2A-C746E9349E1A
Journalists and Engagement on Twitter and Climate Change: Tweet Authors, Formats, and Content During COP25

ABSTRACT The objective of this research is to analyze the engagement generated by tweets published from verified accounts during the COP25, and to see what place journalists occupy in the communicative flow during the event. The original tweets labeled “#cop25” and published by media, individual journalists, and other users such as NGOs and international organizations among others, were downloaded during the summit. Through a content analysis they were classified according to the type of author, the format, the type of content, and the transmitted sentiment. After calculating their engagement, significant differences were identified using non-parametric statistical tests. The results show that the tweets that generated the most engagement are those published by journalists, those that contain only text, and those that present a negative sentiment. One of the most relevant findings is that journalists can be key pieces in the communication and awareness of climate change if they are more active on Twitter. If, however, they maintain a much lower number of posts than other users, it becomes paradoxical in that those who achieve a more effective impact are not sufficiently exploiting the potential of Twitter.
Data-driven model-based rate decline prediction in unconventional eagle ford shale oil wells

Abstract The main objective of this paper is to develop a novel data-driven-based model that can accurately predict the decline curves and EUR (Estimated Ultimate Recovery) for new wells based on the data collected from nearby wells. This is because decline curves are easier and faster alternative to complex reservoir simulators which perform computationally expensive operations. In contrast to this, decline curves require only a few parameters in the equation which can be easily collected from the existing data of the wells. The predictor variables were successfully linked to SEDM (Stretched Exponential Decline Model) decline curve parameters (n and τ) in a random set of oil field well data. The relative influences of various well parameters were also examined to determine the hidden relationship between them. The novelty in this study lies in the algorithm and dataset that we used for the rate decline prediction in Eagle Ford data set. Although, this paper has referenced some previous papers where machine learning has been used to make prediction, but this paper presents use of new algorithm as well as a new dataset. As more data get available, there is definitely extra room for further data analysis and improved results.
mRNA editing of kainate receptor subunits: what do we know so far?

Abstract Kainate receptors (KARs) are considered one of the key modulators of synaptic activity in the mammalian central nervous system. These receptors were discovered more than 30 years ago, but their role in brain functioning remains unclear due to some peculiarities. One such feature of these receptors is the editing of pre-mRNAs encoding GluK1 and GluK2 subunits. Despite the long history of studying this phenomenon, numerous questions remain unanswered. This review summarizes the current data about the mechanism and role of pre-mRNA editing of KAR subunits in the mammalian brain and proposes a perspective of future investigations.
Field Service Engineer Replenishment Policy Assessment using a Hybrid Simulation Model: A Case Study

In this paper, a hybrid simulation model for assessing the impact of alternative field service engineer replenishment policies is introduced. The end-to-end supply chain simulation model is created using a discrete-event and agent-based model, which enables accurate description of key individual entities in the investigated supply chain, such as field service engineers. Once the model is validated with the historical data, it is used to assess the impacts of field service engineer replenishment policies for a major system manufacturing firm. In the case study, newly proposed replenishment policies for post-sale distribution supply chain are assessed for the level of service improvement to end customers.
Total Quality Management in Local Government Bodies-A Case Study of Jammu and Srinagar Municipality

In today’s changing world, knowledge becomes the major factor in creating competitive business environment. Moreover Total Quality Management (TQM) expresses a management approach to long-term success through customer satisfaction. In a TQM effort, all members of an organization take part in civilizing processes, products, services, and the culture in which they work. It uses strategy, data, and effective communications to integrate the quality discipline into the culture and activities of the organization. Total Quality Management (TQM) is management ideas that seek out to incorporate all functions to focus on meeting the customer needs and overall quality objectives. This paper is an attempt to assess the prevailing status of TQM and its application in local government bodies. Furthermore this paper focuses on the awareness and key obstacles to the application of TQM in Jammu and Srinagar Municipality.
Studies on Degradation of Biofilm from Plant Extracts

Quorum sensing is a process of cell-cell communication that bacteria use to regulate collective behaviors. It depends on the production, detection and group-wise response to extracellular signal molecules called auto inducers. QSDependent regulation of gene expression controls wide variety of phenotypes including biofilm formation, drug resistant, virulence factors expression and motility. Administration of flavonoids to Pseudomonas aeruginosa alters transcription of quorum sensing controlled target promoters and suppresses virulence factor production, confirming their potential as anti-infective that do not function by traditional bactericidal or bacteriostatic mechanism. Various sources from plant i.e. Datura, Papaya, Merigold, Tea, Ganja ,Capsicum and onion were collected and flavonoids were extracted from them using methanol extraction method. Biofilm was produced using MRS media and the extract was inoculated with the biofilm for 4-5 days. Dhatura, Papaya, Marigold, Tea, Ganja were able to degrade the biofilm. Effect of antibiotics were seen on degradation of biofilm, Gudchef and zefu have good tendency to degrade the biofilm.Lactobacillus when inoculated along with the biofilm of P.aeruginosa , it inhibited the growth of the biofilm formation in P.aeruginosa
Speaker Recognition: A Survey

Today many people have access to their company's information system by logging in from home. Also Internet services and telephone banking are widely used by corporate and private sectors. Therefore to protect one's resources or information with simple password is not reliable and secure in the world of today. Biometric systems are used for recognizing a user based upon his/her unique physiological and/or behavioral characteristics. Voice signal as a unique behavioral characteristic is presented for speaker verification over telephone lines. Voice recognition system is capable of verifying a speaker among the group of speakers.
CONGESTION CONTROL VALIDATION AND PERFORMANCE OF V2V SYSTEM

: An empirical model is proposed for the reliability of a dedicated short-range contact channel (DSRC) control channel (CCH) for handling safety applications in vehicle ad hoc networks (VANETs). In particular, the model allows to evaluate the probability of receiving status and safety messages from all vehicles inside the transmitter range and from vehicles up to a certain distance, respectively. The proposed model is based on a modern model of mobility that takes into account the following safety rule for the vehicle in order to accurately derive the relationship between average vehicle speed and density. Moreover, the model consider some factors they are 1) Mobility impact on the vehicles density all around the transmitter, 2) system reliability depends on transmitter’s and receiver’s speed, 3)Communication range has been modeled as a random variable to study the effect of channel fading, and 4) Transmission collisions and hidden terminal problems from neighboring vehicles. It is shown that the current DSRC specifications will lead to severe degradation of performance under dense and high-mobility conditions. Therefore, an adaptive algorithm is implemented to improve device efficiency in terms of the likelihood of successful receipt of the packet and the delay of emergency messages in a harsh vehicular environment.
Performance Analysis of Classification of DCE - MRI Using SVM

: Dynamic contrast enhanced MRI provides insight into the vascular properties of tissue. Pharmacokinetic models may be fitted to DCE-MRI uptake patterns, enabling biologically relevant interpretations. The aim of our study was to determine whether treatment outcome for patients with locally advanced cervical cancer could be predicted from Brix parameters. First order statistical features of the Brix parameters were used. In addition, texture analysis of Brix parameter maps was done by constructing gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) from the maps. Clinical factors such as first and second order features were used as explanatory variables for support vector machine (SVM) classification, with treatment outcome as response. Features derived from first order statistics could not discriminate between cured and relapsed patients. However, second order GLCM features could significantly predict treatment outcome with more accuracies. The result indicates the spatial relation with in tumor, quantified by texture features, were more suitable for outcome prediction than first order features.
Geometrically constrained path planning for robotic grasping with Differential Evolution and Fast Marching Square – CORRIGENDUM

In the published version of the above paper, the URL for a video of the experiment was missing from the second paragraph of section 6.1 Experimental results. The paragraph should read as follows: In this experiment, a target position is given to the left arm of the robot. The path for the arm is then computed using the proposed algorithm. The resulting path can be seen in Fig. 14. For a recorded demonstration of the experiment see YouTube video at https://www.youtube. com/watch? v=gkArSOl3m9Y.
Multilingual Generative Language Models for Zero-Shot Cross-Lingual Event Argument Extraction

We present a study on leveraging multilingual pre-trained generative language models for zero-shot cross-lingual event argument extraction (EAE). By formulating EAE as a language generation task, our method effectively encodes event structures and captures the dependencies between arguments. We design language-agnostic templates to represent the event argument structures, which are compatible with any language, hence facilitating the cross-lingual transfer. Our proposed model finetunes multilingual pre-trained generative language models to generate sentences that fill in the language-agnostic template with arguments extracted from the input passage. The model is trained on source languages and is then directly applied to target languages for event argument extraction. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed model outperforms the current state-of-the-art models on zero-shot cross-lingual EAE. Comprehensive studies and error analyses are presented to better understand the advantages and the current limitations of using generative language models for zero-shot cross-lingual transfer EAE.
HAEMATOLOGY PROFILE OF FRUIT BATS Cynopterus spp. FROM SPECIAL REGION YOGYAKARTA, INDONESIA

Cynopterus spp. is a fruit bats genus that is widely distributed in Asia and plays an important role as pollinator and seed disperser of plants in different habitats. Haematological data is affected by sex, age, and external factors. It is also needed in examination of the health conditions, body defenses, and physiological conditions of bats. Complete haematological data of this genus in Indonesia remain a lack of information. This study aimed to analyze the haematological profile of Cynopterus spp. Bats were captured using mist nets at three different habitat types in the special region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Total 31 individuals from four species Cynopterus spp. were trapped. Blood samples were collected from the intracardiac. 20 parameters including the density of erythrocyte, leukocyte, and platelet profiles were analyzed. The result indicated red cell distribution width standard deviation counts between juvenile and adult, leukocyte number and platelet number between urban and non-urban of C. brachyotis were significantly different. Those results are presumed to be associated with age stage and environmental conditions. A large number of fruit bats individuals from different habitat is necessary for further study.