Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
GPS-Based Augmented Reality System of Past Topography Using Antique Maps

Although it has been considered that antique maps have significant means in the field of liberal arts and are of important cultural heritage that contains valuable scientific signals of past ages, available foundational technologies that analyze such signals and use these for further study are scarce. For this reason, the technology which allows comparisons between past and present topographies and structures of the same area was developed using GPS and constructing systemized databases for both antique and current maps. For the development, a GPS-based augmented reality has been employed to schematize topographies and features described on an antique map. For the calculations and estimations, reference points have been created. This application is written with Java Android and can be installed on Smart Phones and GPS. More subtle geographical elements or features are expected to be found with this proposed technology which supplements modern surveying techniques. The costs involved in the analysis process will be reduced despite of its precision results. Moreover, the commercial value of the proposed technology will be increase widely once it has been improved for an introduction to market.
Effect of Cochlear Implantation on Social Life

Objective Explore the effects of hearing loss on social life and identify residual social life deficits that remain after cochlear implantation. Study Design Retrospective review of prospectively obtained data. Setting Tertiary care adult neurotology center. Patients Adults between the ages of 35 and 83 years were included with either normal hearing (NH) or a cochlear implant (CI). Interventions CI and non-CI–specific quality-of-life (QOL) surveys focused on social and overall QOL. Main Outcome Measure(s) (1) The difference in QOL survey responses between NH and CI participants. (2) The relationship between CI-specific global and social QOL responses and non–CI-specific social QOL responses in CI users. Results A total of 51 participants were included: 31 CI users and 20 NH participants. Of the social QOL questionnaires, CI users reported significantly poorer scores on Self-Efficacy in Social Interactions than NH peers (p = 0.049). Both Self-Efficacy in Social Interactions scores and Social Isolation Questionnaire scores were significantly correlated with the CI-specific social domain of QOL (r = 0.64 and −0.58, respectively). Only the Self-Efficacy in Social Interactions scores had a moderate association with global CI QOL (r = 0.47). Conclusions CI users self-report similar social life outcomes as their NH peers with the exception of poorer self-efficacy in social situations. Moreover, self-efficacy in social interactions and social isolation were associated with social QOL in CI users, and self-efficacy in social interactions was associated with broader CI-related QOL. Findings support the relevance of individuals' perception of social life to their overall QOL with a CI.
Progress of SARS‐CoV‐2 Main protease peptide‐like inhibitors

The pneumonia outbreak caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection poses a serious threat to people worldwide. Although vaccines have been developed, antiviral drugs are still needed to combat SARS‐CoV‐2 infection due to the high mutability of the virus. SARS‐CoV‐2 main protein (Mpro) is a special cysteine protease that is a key enzyme for SARS‐CoV‐2 replication. It is encoded by peptides and is responsible for processing peptides into functional proteins, making it an important drug target. The paper reviews the structure and peptide‐like inhibitors of SARS‐CoV‐2 Mpro, also the binding mode and structure–activity relationship between the inhibitors and Mpro are introduced in detail. It is hoped that this review can provide ideas and help for the development of anti‐coronavirus drugs such as COVID‐19, and help to develop broad‐spectrum antiviral drug for the treatment of coronavirus diseases as soon as possible.
Rheological evolution of the mount meager 2010 debris avalanche, southwestern british columbia

On 6 August 2010, a large (∼50 Mm 3 ) debris avalanche occurred on the flank of Mount Meager in the southern Coast Mountains of British Columbia, Canada. We studied the deposits to infer the morphodynamics of the landslide from initiation to emplacement. Structure from motion (SfM) photogram­metry, based on oblique photos taken with a standard SLR camera during a low heli­copter traverse, was used to create high-resolution orthophotos and base maps. Interpretation of the images and maps allowed us to recognize two main rheological phases in the debris avalanche. Just below the source area, in the valley of Capricorn Creek, the landslide separated into two phases, one water-rich and more mobile, and the other water-poor and less mobile. The water-rich phase spread quickly, achieved high superelevation on the valley sides, and left distal scattered deposits. The main water-poor phase moved more slowly, did not superelevate, and formed a thick continuous deposit (up to ∼30 m) on the valley floor. The water-poor flow deposit has structural features such as hummocks, brittle-ductile faults, and shear zones. Our study, based on a freshly emplaced deposit, advances understanding of large mass movements by showing that a single landslide can develop multiple rheology phases with different behaviors. Rheological evolution and separation of phases should always be taken into account to provide better risk assessment scenarios.
Toward a synthetic approach to intelligence

of the original article: Noam Chomsky and other linguists and psychologists have suggested that human linguistic behavior is somehow governed by a mental representation of a transformational grammar. Challenges to this controversial claim have often been met by invoking an explicitly computational perspective: It makes perfect sense to suppose that a grammar could be represented in the memory of a computational device and that this grammar could govern the device's use of a language. This paper urges, however, that the claim that humans are such a device is unsupported and that it seems unlikely that linguists and psychologists really want to claim any such thing. Evidence for the linguists' original claim is drawn from three main sources: the explanation of language comprehension and other linguistic abilities; evidence for formal properties of the rules of the grammar; and the explanation of language acquisition. It is argued in this paper that none of these sources provides support for the view that the grammar governs language processing in something like the way a program governs the operation of a programmed machine. The computational approach, on the contrary, suggests ways in which linguistic abilities can be explained without the attribution of any explicit representation of rules governing linguistic behavior. Language processing and computer programs
The cross-cultural validity of the strange situation from a Vygotskian perspective

of the original article: Noam Chomsky and other linguists and psychologists have suggested that human linguistic behavior is somehow governed by a mental representation of a transformational grammar. Challenges to this controversial claim have often been met by invoking an explicitly computational perspective: It makes perfect sense to suppose that a grammar could be represented in the memory of a computational device and that this grammar could govern the device's use of a language. This paper urges, however, that the claim that humans are such a device is unsupported and that it seems unlikely that linguists and psychologists really want to claim any such thing. Evidence for the linguists' original claim is drawn from three main sources: the explanation of language comprehension and other linguistic abilities; evidence for formal properties of the rules of the grammar; and the explanation of language acquisition. It is argued in this paper that none of these sources provides support for the view that the grammar governs language processing in something like the way a program governs the operation of a programmed machine. The computational approach, on the contrary, suggests ways in which linguistic abilities can be explained without the attribution of any explicit representation of rules governing linguistic behavior. Language processing and computer programs
Convergent approaches to understanding strange situation behavior

of the original article: Noam Chomsky and other linguists and psychologists have suggested that human linguistic behavior is somehow governed by a mental representation of a transformational grammar. Challenges to this controversial claim have often been met by invoking an explicitly computational perspective: It makes perfect sense to suppose that a grammar could be represented in the memory of a computational device and that this grammar could govern the device's use of a language. This paper urges, however, that the claim that humans are such a device is unsupported and that it seems unlikely that linguists and psychologists really want to claim any such thing. Evidence for the linguists' original claim is drawn from three main sources: the explanation of language comprehension and other linguistic abilities; evidence for formal properties of the rules of the grammar; and the explanation of language acquisition. It is argued in this paper that none of these sources provides support for the view that the grammar governs language processing in something like the way a program governs the operation of a programmed machine. The computational approach, on the contrary, suggests ways in which linguistic abilities can be explained without the attribution of any explicit representation of rules governing linguistic behavior. Language processing and computer programs
The challenges facing Central Bank of Kenya in implementation of Performance Management Appraisal System (PMAS)

ix CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1 Background . 1 1.2 Statement of the Problem . 9 1.3 The Research Objectives . 10 1.4 Importance of the Study . 11 CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW . 12 2.1 Concept of Strategy Implementation . 12 2.2 Tools and Factors in Strategy Implementation . 17 2.3 Challenges of Strategy Implementation . 25 2.4 Concept of Performance Management Appraisal System (PMAS) . 33 2.5 Concepts of Performance Measurement . 41 2.6 Components of the Appraisal Format . 49 2.7 Challenges of Performance Management Appraisal Systems . 50 2.8 Other Performance Management Challenges of Performance System . 53 CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY . 58 3.1 Research Design. 58 3.2 Data Collection . 59 3.3 Data Analysis and Presentation . 60
Analysis of the Connectivity Effect of Software Infrastructure in ChinaIndochina Peninsula

In the process of promoting the interconnection of infrastructure in China's Indochina Peninsula, software infrastructure has not received widespread attention. Based on the existing research on software infrastructure, this article attempts to further define the concept of software infrastructure and construct an evaluation index for software infrastructure; An empirical analysis was conducted on the effects of regional software and hardware infrastructure using the Heckman two-step estimation method. Research has shown that software infrastructure has a greater effect than hardware infrastructure, with improvements in border management and transportation efficiency greatly promoting inter country trade.
TPP, IPR Protection, and Their Implications for Emerging Asian Economies

Intellectual property rights (IPR) protection is essential for economic growth, innovation, and competitiveness. As the global economy is increasingly organised within global value chains, disciplining and enforcing IPR in a coherent manner internationally has become a critical issue in the 21st century trade system. The Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) agreement flags America's achievement in setting new standards on international IPR enforcement under a plurilateral framework that involves countries from Asia-Pacific. Yet such standards run the risk of becoming the new norm at the international level. Reaching agreement on the text of the TPP signals emerging Asian economies' heightened commitment to IPR enforcement. Some factors that policymakers may want to consider include the following:
Association of epicardial and visceral adipose tissue in relation to subclinical cardiac dysfunction in Chinese: Danyang study

Objective Our study aims to examine the associations of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) with subclinical cardiac dysfunction in a Chinese population. Design Cross-sectional. Background EAT and VAT are the most important ectopic fat pools which were previously shown to be associated with subclinical cardiac dysfunction. However, few studies simultaneously measured both EAT thickness and VAT area, and explored their associations with cardiac dysfunction. Our study aims to examine the associations of VAT and EAT with subclinical cardiac dysfunction in a Chinese population. Methods The study subjects were recruited from Danyang County from 2018 to 2019. Using Philips CX50, we recorded EAT thickness at the end-systole in a long-axis view. The subclinical systolic and diastolic function were assessed by two-dimensional speckle tracking, and transmitral and tissue Doppler imaging, respectively. Using Omron HDS-2000, we measured VAT area by dual bioelectrical impedance analysis. Results The 1558 participants (age, 52.3±12.8 years) included 930 (59.7%) women. Compared with women, men had higher VAT area (99.4 vs 70.1 cm2; p<0.0001) but lower EAT thickness (4.02 vs 4.46 mm; p<0.0001). In simple correlation analyses, EAT thickness and VAT area were positively associated with E/e’ ratio (r=0.16 to 0.20; all p<0.0001) and negatively with global longitudinal strain (GLS) and e’ (r=−0.12 to −0.37; all p<0.0001). Furthermore, VAT area was associated with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (r=−0.14; p<0.0001). After adjustment for confounding factors, the association of EAT with GLS and that of VAT with e’ and E/e’ ratio remained significant (all p≤0.001), whereas the associations of EAT with subclinical diastolic dysfunction and that of VAT with systolic function became non-significant (all p≥0.11). Analyses on further adjustment for LVEF showed similar results. Conclusions Increased EAT thickness was associated with worse subclinical systolic dysfunction, while greater VAT area was associated with early diastolic dysfunction.
Decoding surgical skill: an objective and efficient algorithm for surgical skill classification based on surgical gesture features –experimental studies

Background: Various surgical skills lead to differences in patient outcomes and identifying poorly skilled surgeons with constructive feedback contributes to surgical quality improvement. The aim of the study was to develop an algorithm for evaluating surgical skills in laparoscopic cholecystectomy based on the features of elementary functional surgical gestures (Surgestures). Materials and methods: Seventy-five laparoscopic cholecystectomy videos were collected from 33 surgeons in five hospitals. The phase of mobilization hepatocystic triangle and gallbladder dissection from the liver bed of each video were annotated with 14 Surgestures. The videos were grouped into competent and incompetent based on the quantiles of modified global operative assessment of laparoscopic skills (mGOALS). Surgeon-related information, clinical data, and intraoperative events were analyzed. Sixty-three Surgesture features were extracted to develop the surgical skill classification algorithm. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the classification and the top features were evaluated. Results: Correlation analysis revealed that most perioperative factors had no significant correlation with mGOALS scores. The incompetent group has a higher probability of cholecystic vascular injury compared to the competent group (30.8 vs 6.1%, P=0.004). The competent group demonstrated fewer inefficient Surgestures, lower shift frequency, and a larger dissection-exposure ratio of Surgestures during the procedure. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the classification algorithm achieved 0.866. Different Surgesture features contributed variably to overall performance and specific skill items. Conclusion: The computer algorithm accurately classified surgeons with different skill levels using objective Surgesture features, adding insight into designing automatic laparoscopic surgical skill assessment tools with technical feedback.
Membrane protein sequence features direct post-translational insertion

The proper folding of multispanning membrane proteins (MPs) hinges on the accurate insertion of their transmembrane helices (TMs) into the membrane. Predominantly, TMs are inserted during protein translation, via a conserved mechanism centered around the Sec translocon. Our study reveals that the C-terminal TMs (cTMs) of numerous MPs across various organisms bypass this cotranslational route, necessitating an alternative posttranslational insertion strategy. We demonstrate that evolution has refined the hydrophilicity and length of these proteins’ C-terminal tails to optimize cTM insertion. Alterations in the C-tail sequence disrupt cTM insertion in both E. coli and human, leading to protein defects, loss of function, and genetic diseases. In E. coli, we identify YidC, a member of the widespread Oxa1 family, as the insertase facilitating cTMs insertion, with C-tail mutations disrupting the productive interaction of cTMs with YidC. Thus, MP sequences are fine-tuned for effective collaboration with the cellular biogenesis machinery, ensuring proper membrane protein folding.
Lsr2, a pleiotropic regulator at the core of the infectious strategy of Mycobacterium abscessus

Mycobacterium abscessus is a non-tuberculous mycobacterium, causing lung infections in cystic fibrosis patients. During pulmonary infection, M. abscessus switches from smooth (Mabs-S) to rough (Mabs-R) morphotypes, the latter being hyper-virulent. Previously, we isolated the lsr2 gene as differentially expressed during S-to-R transition. lsr2 encodes a pleiotropic transcription factor that falls under the superfamily of nucleoid-associated proteins (NAPs). Here, we used two functional genomics methods, RNA-seq and ChIP-seq, to elucidate the molecular role of Lsr2 in the pathobiology of M. abscessus. Transcriptomic analysis shows that Lsr2 differentially regulates gene expression across both morphotypes, most of which are involved in several key cellular processes of M. abscessus, including host adaptation and antibiotic resistance. These results were confirmed through RT-qPCR, as well as by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) tests and infection tests on macrophages in the presence of antibiotics. ChIP-seq analysis revealed that Lsr2 extensively binds the M. abscessus genome at AT-rich sequences and appears to form long domains that participate in the repression of its target genes. Unexpectedly, the genomic distribution of Lsr2 revealed no distinctions between Mabs-S and Mabs-R, implying more intricate mechanisms at play for achieving target selectivity. IMPORTANCE Lsr2 is a crucial transcription factor and chromosome organizer involved in intracellular growth and virulence in the smooth and rough morphotypes of Mycobacterium abscessus (Mabs). Using RNA-seq and ChIP-seq, we investigated the molecular role of Lsr2 in gene expression regulation along with its distribution on Mabs genome. Our study demonstrates the pleiotropic regulatory role of Lsr2, regulating the expression of many genes coordinating essential cellular and molecular processes in both morphotypes. In addition, we have elucidated the role of Lsr2 in antibiotic resistance both in vitro and in vivo, where lsr2 mutant strains display heightened sensitivity to antibiotics. Through ChIP-seq, we reported the widespread distribution of Lsr2 on Mabs genome, revealing a direct repressive effect due to its extensive binding on promoters or coding sequences of its targets. This study unveils the significant regulatory role of Lsr2, intricately intertwined with its function in shaping the organization of the Mabs genome.
A novel method using simplified PCNN for near infrared eye detection

In the near infrared image containing complex background, eye detection is a great challenge for a low signal to noise ratio and lacking of shape and texture information. Aiming at the problem of accurate eye localization and segmentation, simplified pulse coupled neural networks (SPCNN) combined with morphology method is put forward. The contributions of this work can be divided into two parts. The first contribution is that the local region of the eyes is extracted efficiently via morphology opening top-hat operator, as the region of interest for ensuring the follow-up processing without interference of the background. The second contribution is that a SPCNN model is proposed to carefully partition pixels into a corresponding cluster in iterative manner for ensuring high segmentation performance. Experiments are carried out on the near infrared images obtained by the designed acquisition system using the proposed method as well as Otsu and k-means for comparison. Experimental results show that our method achieves desired segmentation performance and has a lower misclassification error.
Cadeia de suprimentos do setor de serviço: o caso de uma empresa de saúde Supply chain in service sector: the case of a healthcare company Cadena de suministros del sector de servicios: el caso de una empresa de salud

Supply chain management in health care services is an area that has unique characteristics, which differ according to the customization level, the intensity of contact with the customer and the emphasis on people or equipment. The objective of the study was to analyze scraps in a health care company, located in Sao Paulo State. The research method was a case study, with primary data