Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Research on Energy Supply System Applied to Autonomous Underwater Observation Vehicles

The discharge characteristics of seawater batteries can be used to prolong the working hours of autonomous underwater observation vehicles. However, the output voltage level of the seawater battery is low, so it cannot directly be used to power supply underwater observation vehicles. In this paper, a boost converter is proposed based on the seawater batteries to power supply autonomous underwater observation vehicles. The proposed converter greatly increases the voltage level of the seawater battery and directly supplies the underwater observation vehicles. Compared with the traditional boost converter, the voltage gain of the proposed converter is more than ten times higher than it under the same duty ratio condition. Its structure is asymmetric interleaved parallel, which can enable power devices to obtain lower voltage stress and ensure that the input current ripple is low. The operating principle and homeostasis property of the proposed converter are analyzed in detail. Finally, a prototype is built. Through simulation and experiment, the correctness of the theoretical design is verified and experimental results are analyzed.
Prognostic Value of Stem Cell Index-Related Characteristics in Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma

The objective of this study is to form a cancer stem cell index-based model to stratify HCC risk and predict survival. After screening the Tumor Genome Atlas (TCGA) of liver and normal liver tissue samples, we obtained differentially expressed genes (DEGs). We employed a weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) and differentially expressed genes were studied in HCC to find the modules most associated with cancer stem cells (mRNAsi). At the same time, gene ontology and Kyoto Genome Encyclopedia (KEGG) were used for functional annotation and combined with LASSO, univariate, and multivariate COX regression analyses, a prediction model of key module genes of cancer stem cells was developed. The model's clinical efficacy was measured using the C index, calibration curve, multiindex ROC curve, and clinical decision curve. WGCNA found that black modules were most correlated with tumour stem cell index. Seven genes (CSDC2, GNA14, LGI2, MMRN1, PDE2A, SELP, and STK32B) were filtered by univariate, LASSO, and multivariate Cox regression analyses to establish the primary HCC model. The survival analysis and ROC curve in the TCGA training and validation cohort showed good performance. The independent prognostic factor of primary HCC was risk score, according to univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. It is found that the stem cell index model of 7 genes could predict factors independently, indicating that signatures of the stem cell will play a significant role in liver cancer survival prediction and risk stratification.
Challenging Results on FDG PET/CT in a Patient with Uncontrolled Celiac Disease and small bowel adenocarcinoma

Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic immune-mediated enteropathy that is caused by both environmental (gluten) and genetic (human leukocyte antigen (HLA) and non-HLA genes) factors. Patients may be asymptomatic or exhibit atypical symptoms, necessitating a high index of suspicion for proper diagnosis. The evaluation of CD patients with 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging can be difficult, owing to the fact that this disease is inflammatory in nature. Typical 18F-FDG PET/CT gastrointestinal manifestations of celiac disease include increased multifocal or diffuse bowel uptake, whereas single short segmental uptake is rarely encountered; thus, awareness of this wide range of findings is important to guide physicians through proper management and outcome. We report a case of small intestine adenocarcinoma and known CD complaining of recent episodes of diarrhea and weight loss that had a suspicious small bowel wall thickening that corresponds to a short segmental hypermetabolic process on FDG PET/CT follow-up scan. The patient was then referred to the gastroenterology department and underwent a colonoscopy, a biopsy was taken that revealed CD and was negative for malignancy. Furthermore, 6 months later the abovementioned segmental FDG activity was completely resolved without any treatment received at the given time.
Intelligent Research Based on Deep Learning Recognition Method in Vehicle-Road Cooperative Information Interaction System

The vehicle-road collaborative information interaction system is an emerging technology system that realizes the sharing of information between vehicles, vehicles and roads between traffic road information, and driving vehicle information. It is of positive significance for improving the urban transportation construction system and promoting urban economic development. This paper conducts intelligent research on the deep learning recognition method based on the vehicle-road collaborative information interaction system. First, this article comprehensively expounds the concept of the vehicle-road collaborative information interaction system and then introduces the specific components, functions, and applications of the system structure. Then, this article researches on deep learning recognition methods and introduces three deep learning recognition methods. They are background extraction method, YOLOv2 method, and DeepSORT method. Finally, this paper conducts simulation comparison experiments between deep learning algorithms and traditional algorithms. It evaluates the feasibility of the algorithm in the vehicle-road collaborative information interaction system in three aspects: vehicle target detection, vehicle flow identification, and emergency decision-making. The experimental results show that the value of the intersection ratio of vehicle target detection in the deep learning recognition method is 8.66% higher than that of the traditional algorithm, the recall rate is 7% higher than that of the traditional algorithm, and the vehicle flow recognition accuracy is 1.8% higher than that of the traditional algorithm. The early warning time in emergency decision-making is also shorter than that of traditional algorithms, which shows the unique superiority and feasibility of deep learning algorithms in the vehicle-road collaborative information interaction system.
Docetaxel-loaded redox-sensitive nanoparticles self-assembling from poly(caprolactone) conjugates with disulfide-linked poly(ethylene glycol)

Abstract In this study, novel redox-sensitive nanoparticles (NPs) were fabricated from the poly(caprolactone) conjugates with disulfide-linked poly(ethylene glycol) (DDMAT- mPEG-S-S-PCL, DPSP). The DPSP polymer was synthesized by ring-opening polymerization (ROP) and reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. The obtaining of the DPSP polymer was confirmed by the 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra. The DPSP NPs were fabricated with the solvent-evaporation method. Docetaxel (DTX) was employed as a model drug and encapsulated into the DPSP NPs. The in vitro anti-tumor activity of the DTX-loaded DPSP NPs and free DTX against the breast cancer cells (4T1) were evaluated by MTT assay. The cargo-free DPSP NPs were in circular shapes with an average diameter of 107.8 ± 0.4 nm. These NPs displayed redox-responsive behavior in the presence of glutathione. Animal experiments indicated that the DPSP NPs showed excellent blood compatibility and good bio-security. Cell tests suggested that the DPSP NPs could be taken in by 4T1 cells, smoothly, which improved the anti-tumor activity of free DTX.
Direction and magnitude of social jetlag are associated with obesity: Results from a sample of hospital employees

ABSTRACT Social jetlag, the discrepancy between social and biological timing, has been suggested to disturb metabolic functions. However, the relationship between social jetlag and obesity has been inconsistent in other studies. In this study we examined the association between social jetlag and obesity among day and shift workers. We invited 2508 day workers and 1383 shift workers from a hospital worker health cohort to participate in a 2018–2019 survey on their sleep behaviors. Shift-specific social jetlag was quantified using the Munich ChronoType Questionnaire, and body mass index was measured during annual physical examinations. The distributions of shift-specific social jetlag were illustrated, and logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between social jetlag and obesity. We found that high level of social jetlag (odds ratio [OR] = 1.26, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.08–1.47) and positive social jetlag (OR = 2.25, 95% CI = 1.30–3.90) during evening shifts were associated with obesity after adjustment for age, sex, health behaviors, and sleep quality. During night shift periods, sleep time varied greatly on free days, but the participants slept at similar times, namely 16:00, on workdays. In conclusion, phase advance on workdays and high levels of social jetlag were associated with obesity. Sleep timing should therefore be recommended according to the relative phase of individuals’ preferred sleep time and work time.
Implementing Virtual Design and Construction using BIM: Current and future practices

Implementing Virtual Design and Constructionusing BIMoutlines the team structure, software and production ecosystem needed for an effective Virtual Design and Construction (VDC) process through current real world case studies of projects both in development and under construction. It provides the reader with a better understanding of the successful implementation of VDC and Building Information Modeling (BIM), and the benefits to the project team throughout the design and construction process. For readers already familiar with VDC, the book will provide invaluable examples of best practices and real world solutions. Richly illustrated in color with actual VDC documentation, visualizations, and statistics, the reader is shown the real processes undertaken and outputs generated when working on high profile building information models. Online animations, interviews with practitioners, and downloadable templates, forms and files make this an interactive and highly engaging way to learn a crucial set of skills. While keeping up with current industry practice is a minimum requirement, this book goes further by helping you prepare for the next level of virtual design and construction. This is essential reading for project managers, construction managers, architects, design managers, and anybody with a role in BIM or virtual construction.
Co-administration of a plasmid encoding CD40 or CD63 enhances the immune responses to a DNA vaccine against bovine viral diarrhea virus in mice

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) causes substantial economic losses in the livestock industry worldwide. Plasmids encoding the BVDV E2 protein are potential DNA vaccines against BVDV, but their immunogenicity has been insufficient. Here, we investigated the adjuvant effect of CD40 and CD63 plasmids on the immune responses to a BVDV E2 DNA vaccine in mice. We constructed pUMVC4a-based plasmids encoding the BVDV E2 protein (pE2), mouse CD40 (pCD40), or mouse CD63 (pCD63). Protein expression by each plasmid was confirmed through Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence staining of cultured cell lines. BALB/c mice were immunized intradermally twice with pE2 in combination with, or without, pCD40 or pCD63, with 3 weeks between the two doses. pE2 with pCD40 induced significantly higher neutralizing antibody titers against BVDV than pE2 alone. pE2 with pCD63 induced significantly higher anti-E2 IgG2a antibody titers than pE2 alone. Furthermore, pE2 with pCD40 or pCD63 induced significantly increased lymphocyte proliferation and interferon (IFN)-γ production in response to BVDV, compared with E2 alone. These results suggest that a plasmid encoding CD40 or CD63 can be used as an adjuvant to enhance immune responses to DNA vaccines against BVDV.
Charge Severity and Aggression during Competence Restoration

Most competence restoration occurs in secure inpatient settings. As states struggle with strained resources and seek to best utilize restoration services, factors such as charge severity and violence risk remain key considerations in determining the appropriate setting for an individual’s competence restoration. This study offers a quantitative analysis of aggressive behavior during inpatient restoration efforts and whether criminal charge severity correlates with inpatient aggression. Results of this study indicate that a substantial minority of defendants engaged in aggressive behavior and required restraint during the initial months of their hospitalizations. Most of those engaged in few episodes of aggression and required few episodes of restraint. Rates of aggression and restraint were higher in individuals with lower severity charges compared with those with higher severity charges. Courts and evaluators may have selected for a more disordered group of defendants with lower severity charges.
Xanthones and Xanthone O‐β‐D‐Glucosides from the Roots of Polygala azizsancarii Dönmez

Nine xanthone derivatives (1–9) were isolated from the roots of Polygala azizsancarii, which is a narrow endemic species for the flora of Türkiye. Based on all of the evidence, the structures of 1–9 were established as two previously undescribed xanthone O‐glucosides, 3‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyloxy‐1,6‐dihydroxy‐2,5,7‐trimethoxyxanthone (1), 3‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyloxy‐1,6‐dihydroxy‐2,7‐dimethoxyxanthone (2), and seven previously described xanthones, 1,3,6‐trihydroxy‐2,5,7‐trimethoxyxanthone (3), 1,3,6‐trihydroxy‐2,7‐dimethoxyxanthone (4), 1,2,3,4,7‐pentamethoxyxanthone (5), 1,3‐dihydroxy‐2,5,6,7‐tetramethoxyxanthone (6), 1,3‐dihydroxy‐4,7‐dimethoxyxanthone (7), 1,7‐dihydroxy‐3‐methoxyxanthone (8), and 1,7‐dihydroxy‐2,3‐methylenedioxyxanthone (9). The structures of the compounds were determined by spectroscopic methods, including 1D‐NMR (1H‐NMR, 13C‐NMR, DEPT‐135), 2D‐NMR (COSY, NOESY, HSQC, HMBC, INADEQUATE), and HR‐MS. The solid‐state structures of 1–4, including the absolute configurations of the stereogenic carbons of the sugar moiety in 1 and 2, were established by X‐ray crystal‐structure analyses. For the newly described compounds, the trivial names sancarosides A (1) and B (2) are proposed.
mRNAs sequestered in stress granules recover nearly completely for translation

ABSTRACT Stress granules (SGs) are membrane-less condensates composed of RNA and protein that assemble in response to stress stimuli and disassemble when stress is lifted. Both assembly and disassembly are tightly controlled processes, yet, it remains elusive whether mRNAs in SGs completely recover for translation following stress relief. Using RNA-seq of translating fractions in human cell line, we found that higher fraction of the m6A-modified mRNAs recovered for translation compared to unmodified mRNAs, i.e. 95% vs 84%, respectively. Considering structural mRNA analysis, we found that the m6A modification enhances structuring at nucleotides in its close vicinity. Our results suggest that SG-sequestered mRNAs disassemble nearly completely from SGs and the m6A modification may display some advantage to the mRNAs in their recovery for translation likely by m6A-driven structural stabilization.
Scalable information extraction from point cloud data obtained by mobile laser scanner

The rise of intelligent transportation, autonomous driving and 3D virtual cities demands highly accurate and regularly updated 2D and 3D maps. However, traditional surveying andmapping techniques are inadequate as they are labor intensive and cost inefficient. Mobile Laser Scanning (MLS) systems, which combine Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) with navigation techniques, are able to acquire highly accurate 3D measurements of road environments.
Motivational and Valence‐Related Modulation of Sleep/Wake Behavior are Mediated by Midbrain Dopamine and Uncoupled from the Homeostatic and Circadian Processes

Motivation and its hedonic valence are powerful modulators of sleep/wake behavior, yet its underlying mechanism is still poorly understood. Given the well‐established role of midbrain dopamine (mDA) neurons in encoding motivation and emotional valence, here, neuronal mechanisms mediating sleep/wake regulation are systematically investigated by DA neurotransmission. It is discovered that mDA mediates the strong modulation of sleep/wake states by motivational valence. Surprisingly, this modulation can be uncoupled from the classically employed measures of circadian and homeostatic processes of sleep regulation. These results establish the experimental foundation for an additional new factor of sleep regulation. Furthermore, an electroencephalographic marker during wakefulness at the theta range is identified that can be used to reliably track valence‐related modulation of sleep. Taken together, this study identifies mDA signaling as an important neural substrate mediating sleep modulation by motivational valence.
More than a feeling: Tactile exploration informs relative size perception

Esref Armagan is a blind painter. Cognitive and neural scientists have described his use of line structure when drawing and his visual cortex activation during tactile exploration. But what remains unknown is how Esref, without ever having sight, may be able to understand the use of depth cues such as relative size in a picture. To examine whether tactile experience provides information about relative size, we blindfolded sighted individuals and asked them to haptically explore a set of objects in either near or far locations before drawing the objects on paper. Objects explored with an arms extended position were drawn significantly smaller than those explored just in front of the face. Our results provide the first evidence that haptic object interaction can provide information about relative size, akin to that garnered visually. It can be used to inform spatial layout or, in Esref's case, to artistically render objects in three dimensions.
Gait in cerebral small vessel disease, pre-dementia, and dementia: A systematic review

Background: The interrelationships between gait, cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), and cognitive impairments in aging are not well-understood—despite their common co-occurrence. Objective: To systematically review studies of gait impairment in CSVD, pre-dementia, and dementia, and to identify key gaps for future research and novel pathways toward intervention. Methods: A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA)-guided search strategy was implemented in PubMed to identify relevant studies. Potential articles (n = 263) published prior to 1 December 2021 were screened by two reviewers. Studies with sample sizes >20 and including some adults over > 65 years (n = 202) were included. Results: The key findings were that (1) adverse gait and cognitive outcomes were associated with several (rather than select) CSVD pathologies distributed across the brain, and (2) poor gait and CSVD pathologies were more strongly associated with dementia with a vascular, rather than an Alzheimer’s disease-related, cause. Discussion: A better understanding of the interrelationships between gait performance in CSVD, pre-dementia, and dementia requires studies examining (1) comprehensive patterns in the clinical manifestations of CSVD, (2) racially/ethnically diverse samples, (3) samples followed for extended periods of time or across the adult life span, (4) non-traditional CSVD neuroimaging markers (e.g. resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)), and (5) continuous (e.g. wearable sensors) and complex (e.g. dual-task) walking performance.
Giving Digital Mental Health Technologies the Benefit of the Doubt, Rather than Doubting the Benefits

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Wisdom enhancement and life skills to augment CBT outcomes for depression in later life: a series of N-of-1 trials

Abstract Background: It has been suggested that cognitive behavioural therapy for older adults be augmented with age-appropriate methods to enhance outcomes for depression treatment. Aims: This study investigated whether a CBT wisdom enhancement timeline technique for older adults reduced depression, as well as increase self-compassion and self-assessed wisdom. Method: An N-of-1 series trial with non-concurrent multiple-baseline AB design was conducted. Older adults experiencing depression, recruited from mental health service waiting lists, were randomly assigned to baseline conditions. Participants received five individual sessions of the examined intervention, offering a structured way of utilising one’s life experiences to evolve the psychological resource of wisdom within a cognitive behavioural framework, in order to improve mood. Participants completed idiographic daily measures and self-report standardised measures of depression, anxiety, self-compassion and wisdom during baseline and intervention phases, and at 1 month follow-up. Results: Six participants competed the study and were subject to standardised and single-case data analyses. Four participants were deemed responders with reliable changes in depression post-intervention with idiographic changes coinciding with intervention onset. Two participants saw clinically significant changes in depression scores at follow-up. One responder saw significant changes in measures of self-compassion and self-assessed wisdom. Conclusions: The examined technique shows promise as an effective technique for reducing depression in older adults. There is insufficient evidence to implicate wisdom and/or self-compassion as significant mechanisms of change. Clinical and theoretical implications are discussed.