Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Automobile electronics in the 1990s .2. Chassis electronics

There can be few topics developing faster than automotive electronics. Although the application of microcomputer-based systems is now well established for the control of automobile engines, there is still greater scope for the use of high-reliability electronic technology in other areas of vehicle operation. Amongst these are systems, such as air-bags, which improve safety, and also features which improve comfort and convenience. In this paper the operation of electronically controlled antilock braking systems (ABS) and electrically power-assisted steering (EPAS) is examined.
Managing through measures: a study of impact on performance

Purpose – This study investigates the use of performance measures and how performance measurement impacts performance.Design/methodology/approach – This study was conducted through multiple case studies in a single organisation. Comparisons are made between performance measurement practices in comparable high and average‐performing business units.Findings – The findings suggest that current research into the impact of performance measurement on performance may be too simplistic in its approach as much of the research relies on studying the physical and formal systems used, ignoring the types of factors found to be important in this study.Research limitations/implications – Being based on a single organisation, the wider applicability of the specific findings from this study should be questioned. However, if, as we suggest, the interactive nature of the use of the measurement system is important, future research will need to find ways of observing, measuring and quantifying this interactivity to allow a ri.
Experimental and numerical investigations of the behaviour of a heat exchanger pile

The geothermal use of concrete geostructures (piles, walls and slabs) is an environmentally friendly way of cooling and heating buildings. With such geothermal structures, it is possible to transfer energy from the ground to fluid‐filled pipes cast in concrete and then to building environments. To improve the knowledge in the field of geothermal structures, the behaviour of a pile subjected to thermo‐mechanical loads is studied in situ. The aim is to study the increased loads on pile due to thermal effects. The maximum thermal increment applied to the pile is on the order of 21°C and the mechanical load reached 1300 kN. Coupled multi‐physical finite element modelling is carried out to simulate the observed experimental results. It is shown that the numerical model is able to reproduce the most significant thermo‐mechanical effects. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The role of L1 reading direction on L2 perceptual span: An eye-tracking study investigating Hindi and Urdu speakers

In the current study we used the gaze-contingent moving window paradigm to directly compare the second language (L2) English perceptual span of two groups that speak languages with essentially the same lexicon and grammar but crucially with different writing directions (and scripts): Hindi (read left to right) and Urdu (read right to left). This is the first study to directly compare first language (L1) speakers of languages that differ primarily in reading direction in a common L2, English. While Urdu speakers had a slightly faster reading rate, we found no additional differences between Hindi and Urdu speakers when reading L2 English; both groups showed a perceptual span between 9 and 11 characters to the right of the fixation based on saccade length. This suggests little to no influence of L1 reading direction on L2 perceptual span, but rather that L2 perceptual span is influenced by allocation of attention during reading. Our data are in line with research by Leung et al. (2014) finding that L2 speakers have a smaller perceptual span than native speakers (L1 perceptual span is approximately 15 characters to the right of the fixation). This most likely stems from the increased demands associated with reading in a second language, which led to a reduction in the amount of attention that can be allocated outside of the current fixation.
Dynamic characteristic testing for MEMS micro-devices with base excitation

The study of the dynamic characteristics of MEMS micro-devices depends on relevant testing facilities. Testing with a base excitation method was studied and employed in practical tests. A system for the dynamic characteristic testing of MEMS micro-devices was built based on a PZT transducer as the shock excitation source. A high voltage power source for the PZT transducer, which can provide large transient current, was developed for impact generation. Experiments for testing micro piezoelectric cantilevers were accomplished with the base excitation method. The impact response, i.e. electric charge signal generated by the micro piezoelectric cantilever, was acquired. By performing spectral analysis and comparison of the result with another cantilever having different resonance frequencies, the resonance frequency of the tested microstructure was determined. For comparison, simulation of the piezoelectric cantilever with a finite element analysis (FEA) method was carried out. Because the theory analysis is in good agreement with the experiment results, it can be used to estimate the actual resonance frequency of the tested microstructure. The base excitation method was also applied in the dynamic testing of microstructures under a high-g force environment. By the exclusion of the resonance peaks of PZT transducer and noise frequencies, the resonance frequency of the tested microstructure was determined. The applicability and the limitation of the method were briefly discussed.
Capillary Fringe and Unsaturated Flow in a Porous Reservoir Bank

Steady, 2D Darcian seepage from a zero-depth reservoir into a homogeneous porous bank is studied analytically. Using the Green-Ampt assumption for hydraulic conductivity as a function of pressure and the Vedernikov model for the tension-saturated zone, a free boundary problem with the capillary fringe spread along the bank surface is solved. Accurate direct calculations are made for the extent of the capillary rise along a vertical and horizontal bank. Unsaturated flow from a vertical phreatic surface into a bank with either an impermeable or isobaric vertical soil slope is analyzed in terms of the Philip model. Explicit expressions for the Darcian velocity components, stream function, and/or Kirchhoff potential are presented. The flow topology and characteristics are shown to depend strongly on the boundary condition at the soil surface.
Prevalence And Factors Associated With Hypertriglyceridemic Waist In Colombian Elderly.

Background: The purpose of this study to analyze the prevalence of hypertriglyceridemic waist and associated factors in older individuals aged ≥60 years in Colombia. Methods: The data for this study came from a secondary cross-sectional, nationally representative SABE study Survey on Health, Well-Being, and Aging in Colombia, 2015. A total of 3824 participants (59.7% male, 69 (IR=64-76) years) from 86 Colombian municipalities participated. The data were collected through a questionnaire, blood tests, blood pressure measurements and anthropometric measurements. The hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype was diagnosed using high triglyceride values (≥ 150 mg / dl) and increased waist circumference ≥ 88 and ≥ 102 cm for women and men, respectively. A logistic regression analysis was used to compare the hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype and the associated factors, significance level of 5%. STROBE checklist for cross‐sectional studies was applied in this paper (see Supplementary File 1). Results: The hypertriglyceridemic waist was present in 38.7% of the study population, with a higher prevalence among females than males (44.6% vs. 30.0%). Female gender [odds ratio (OR) 1.9 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.6-2.2)]; be octogenarian [OR 0.7 (95% CI 0.6-0.9)]; live in an urban area [OR 1.5 (95% CI 1.3-1.8)] and have a lifestyle of former smoker [OR 0.8 (95% CI 0.7-0.9)]. On the other hand, it was observed that having a BMI different from normal is strongly associated with HTGW [Weight: OR 2.0 (95% CI 1.5-2.6), overweight: OR 4.1 (95% CI 3.4 -4.9) and obesity: OR 5.0 (95% CI 4.1-6.1)]. The glycemia, the hemoglobin and the increase in cholesterol also showed positive association with HTGW [OR 0.5 (95% CI 0.5-0.7), OR 2.1 (95% CI 1.8-2.4) and OR 2.1 (95% CI 1.9-2.5), respectively] were associated with increased odds of HTGW. ¬Conclusions: There is a significant prevalence of hypertriglyceridemic waist in Colombia's elderly and sociodemographic factors, lifestyles and biological markers are associated with the hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype. Elderly men showed greater probabilities in terms of age, schooling, geographic area, body mass inde and cholesterol concentrations. Elderly women revealed higher probabilities in biological markers
Improved Global Maximum Power Point Tracking Method Based on Voltage Interval for PV Array under Partially Shaded Conditions

The power–voltage (P–V) curve of photovoltaic (PV) arrays connected in parallel to bypass diodes would have several local maximum power points (LMPP) under partial shading conditions (PSC). Conventional maximum power point tracking (MPPT) methods fail to search for the global maximum power point (MPP) because the searched peak point may remain at the LMPP on the P–V curve under PSC. This study proposes an improved MPPT algorithm to ensure that PV arrays operate at global maximum power point (GMPP) under PSC. The proposed algorithm is based on a critical study and a series of observations of PV characteristics under PSC. Results show the regularity of voltage interval between LMPPs. The algorithm has the advantages of rapidly reaching GMPP, maintaining stability, and recovering GMPP quickly when the operating condition changes. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed algorithm.
Mechanics of the Unusual Basilar Membrane in Gerbil

The basilar membrane in gerbil differs from most other mammals, since its width and thickness show little variation from base to apex, and tympanic fiber layer in the pectinate zone forms a pronounced arch. Measurements indicate a quadratically increasing stiffness under point loading, which is contrary to the expected behavior of an arch. The plateau value has been considered to be the physiologically relevant stiffness, but it only occurs after 10–25 μm of deflection, whereas the normal physiological deflection is in the submicron range. The present work aims to resolve these contradictions by considering the mechanics of the geometric configuration.
IL-17 mediated macrophage polarization increased inflammatory damage in SWI-ALI models

BackgroundSeawater inhalation induced acute lung injury (SWI-ALI) is the common accident in daily naval training. To investigate the mechanism of SWI-ALI will help to improve the treatment effect. Alveolar macrophages (AM) is the majority of alveolar, also paly the key role in SWI-ALI repair. IL-17 also paly the key role in the innate immunity process.MethodIn this study, we used seawater induced the ALI in mouse model. And the lungs and serum were exacted at D1, D3, D7 and D14. The AM polarization were tested by flow cytometry. The IL-17 concentration were tested by ELISA. Then the IL-17 function were confirmed by in vitro test. The mouse alveolar epithelial cell and mouse AM were co-cultured. The test compared the wound healing effect of MAE with and without IL-17.ResultThe AM switch into M1 and IL-17A increased were found after seawater dosing. And the IL-17a supplement attenuated wound healing of alveolar epithelial cells through improve the polarization of AM were confirmed in vitro model.ConclusionThe high IL-I7 micro-environment will increased the inflammatory damage through induced macrophage polarization in acute lung injury. The IL-17 antagonists have the potential to increase clinical effect in SWI-ALI treatment.
Architectural Design and Simulation of a Fourth-Order Sigma-Delta Modulator

Sigma-delta ADC outperforms the Nyquist ADC in precision and robustness by using oversampling and noise shaping. A fourth-order sigma-delta modulator of input feedforward architecture is designed and simulated in system-level. Input feedforward architecture has advantages of low output swing of integrators and simple structure. Proper circuit parameters are also presented in this paper. The simulation revealed that the modulator achieves 109 dB dynamic range in a signal bandwidth of 1 KHz with a sampling frequency of 250 KHz.
The Comparison and Analysis on Harmonic Suppression of EV Charging Station

In order to propose reasonable method of harmonic suppression for EV charging station, three methods that are 6-pulse rectifier with APF, 12-pulse rectifier, PWM rectifiers are analyzed and compared. Firstly,the corresponding simulation model of charger and charging station are built based on the principle of EV charger and the main method of harmonic suppression. Then the harmonic content and power factor for different simulation model are researched. Meanwhile, the advantages and disadvantages of different simulation model are studied according to the results of simulation, the use of performance and economy. At last, the improvement measure and development direction for three methods are proposed.
The Research on the Application of SNS Based on Web Data Mining

With the development and maturity of Web2.0 technology, the Internet has become more and more intelligent, humane and social. It began gradually infiltrated into every aspect of people's lives, influence and change people's way of life. Web2.0 era as representative products -- social network has been the suddenness of a thunderbolt swept the interaction information user global social networking platforms began showing explosive growth trend however, and people are facing information explosion but the core concept of wisdom barren embarrassing situation. [
Equilibrium, Stability, and Robustness in Underactuated Grasping

This paper aims to develop a performance measure for underactuated grasping devices, which is useful in making design decisions to obtain an optimally performing device. Underactuated fingers, defined as having more degrees of freedom than degrees of actuation, intrinsically adapt their shape to the object. However, the equilibrium configuration and grasp forces of these fingers are not fully controllable, which may limit their performance. The grasp performance measure defined in this paper consists of three aspects: (1) the ability to grasp objects, which is limited by the equilibrium conditions and constraints of both the underactuated fingers and the freely movable object; (2) the grasp stability, which takes the passive compliance of the fingers into account; (3) the ability to oppose disturbance forces on the grasped object by passively adapting the frictional grasp forces. This measure was applied to optimize a planar grasping device with two underactuated fingers, each consisting of two phalanges, able to grasp freely moving circular objects.Copyright © 2007 by ASME
Sustainable construction aspects of using prefabrication in dense urban environment: a Hong Kong case study

The construction industry in Hong Kong heavily relies on conventional cast in‐situ construction involving extensive use of timber formworks and wet trades. In 2001, the Construction Industry Review Committee (CIRC) report described the construction activities in Hong Kong as ‘labour intensive, dangerous and polluting’, in which ‘built products are rarely defect‐free’. Globally, however, the recent trend is prefabrication, which is being increasingly used in the building industry, alleviating some of the environmental burdens associated with conventional construction. The sustainable construction aspects of adopting prefabrication in high‐rise buildings are examined, and the economic, environmental and social aspects of using prefabrication are assessed. A questionnaire survey was administered to experienced professionals and case studies of seven recent residential and non‐residential buildings in Hong Kong were conducted. The findings revealed that environmental, economic and social benefits of using prefabrication were significant when compared to conventional construction methods. This implies that a wider use of prefabrication techniques could contribute to sustainable construction in a dense urban environment like Hong Kong.
Application of RBF Neural Network in Dam Deformation Prediction

Dam deformation is a multivariate complicated and nonlinear problem, it’s unable to establish accurate mathematical model.A dam deformation prediction model based on RBF neural network was constructed in this paper to enhance prediction accuracy. Three closely related factors in dam deformation are hydraulic components, temperature component and aging components ,they were selected as Input vector of RBF neural network, dam deformation measured value as a model target output. In Matlab 2011b simulation software,50 groups Fengman dam quantitative observation data from 2012 to 2013 as the sample data,45 groups were used in RBF neural network model training, other 5 groups were used in testing for the model. The simulation result shows that testing value is very close to the true value in this method, the average relative error close to 3%. Effectiveness of the dam deformation prediction based on RBF neural network is Verified by experiments.
ISO 9001 certification research: questions, answers and approaches

Purpose – The majority of ISO 9001 certification research studies conducted so far are supported by survey methodologies and descriptive statistics. As such, they express conclusions that are mainly derived from opinions and perceptions about the subject. Thus, it is common to find in the open literature references that point out the highly subjective results derived from such studies (often of somewhat contradictory nature). This paper tries to compile the main conclusions that ISO 9001 research studies have tried to address, with the aim of describing the quality management systems literature state‐of‐the‐art.Design/methodology/approach – In order to achieve this objective, an exhaustive literature review of ISO 9000 studies was carried out. For that purpose approximately 100 articles were analysed, which were sorted in the following categories, according to the used methodology: surveys; analysis of financial indicators; case studies; interviews; literature review; and statistical data analysis.Finding.
IDENTIFICATION OF FUNGI ISOLATED FROM BATHROOMS IN FEMALE STUDENTS’ HOSTEL, UNIVERSITY OF BENIN, BENIN CITY

Fungi are specifically dangerous as they exhibit a significant tolerance to environmental changes and can proliferate under low relative humidity, unlike bacteria. They produce spores that are easily dispersed by air hence they are ubiquitous. The study aimed at identifying the fungal isolates present in the bathrooms located on the three floors of the hostel, University of Benin, Benin City. Samples were collected from the walls of the bathrooms using sterile swab sticks and were identified using standard microbiological techniques. The isolated fungi were Aspergillus nidulans, A. niger, A. tamarii, A. flavus, Candida albicans, Penicillium cyclopium, P. oxalicum, Mucor mucedo, Trichophyton rubrum and Rhodotorula species. From the ground floor bathrooms, Candida albicans (23.40%) were most frequently isolated, Aspergillus nidulans (55.56%) were mostly isolated from the first floor and Mucor mucedo (56.00%) were the most isolated from the second floor. After washing the bathrooms, Mucor mucedo was scarcely isolated from the walls of the bathrooms. The findings were processed statistically using the two-tailed test to detect the significant difference between the groups of means for the fungal counts from each floor. A significant difference (p<0.05) in the fungi isolated before and after washing was found. Isolated fungi from this study are known to be of public health importance hence, strict hygiene practices should be observed by those using the bathrooms.
Cross‐polarisation tracking errors of a radome covered monopulse radar

This paper examines the additional cross‐polarisation tracking errors generated because of the depolarisation effect of an ogive‐shaped radome. A comparison is made between the cross‐polarisation tracking errors of a linearly polarised monopulse radar in the presence and absence of an ogive‐shaped radome. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 2354–2360, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22769
Experimental investigation of antenna‐handset‐feed interaction during wireless product testing

Chassis shape and element design dominate portable antenna circuit and radiation properties. In terms of far‐field pattern and input reflection magnitudes, this work experimentally investigates at 1.9 GHz the interplay between the element, handset size, and feed‐line radiation suppression techniques. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 34: 169–172, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10406
Business Strategy and the Role of Engineering Product Data Management: A Literature Review and Summary of the Emerging Research Questions

This paper seeks to review the business strategy and product data management literature in an attempt to establish the nature of the relationship between them. One obvious linking theme is that of information systems strategies and their alignment with business processes, and therefore attention has also been given to this body of literature. The conclusions are that there is little well-researched understanding about the nature of the relationship and little concrete evidence of the relative importance of product data management in achieving overall business objectives. Therefore, if manufacturing organizations are to be able to invest wisely in product data management, substantial research is required to address the fundamental business and technical issues that have emerged as a result of this review.
Multi Objective Optimization of Electro Discharge Machining of Resin Bonded Silicon Carbide

This work is aimed at optimizing the various parameters of the electro discharge machining process in order to Maximize material removal rate (MRR) and Minimize electrode wear rate (EWR) for machining silicon or resin bonded silicon carbide, which is widely used in various applications like high-temperature gas turbines, bearings, seals and linings of industrial furnaces. The five parameters being optimized are intensity supplied by the generator of the EDM machine, open voltage, pulse on time, duty cycle and pressure of flushing fluid. The polynomial models for MRR and EWR proposed by Luis, Puertas and Villa [1] in terms of the five input parameters was used for formation of the objective function. Optimization was carried out using the multi objective genetic algorithm, which is a heuristic search technique that mimics natural selection. A Pareto-optimal front was obtained using this technique, and the points lying on this front represent the set of optimal solutions for the optimization problem. The resultant Pareto– optimal front can be used to select the appropriate operating conditions depending on the specific MRR, EWR or combination requirements.
On-Body Chemo/Bio-Sensing - Opportunities and Challenges

In recent years, there has been significant progress in a number of sensing technologies related to on-body measurements, such as platforms for monitoring respiration, heart rate, location and movement. In these cases, the sensing element (s) are based on highly effective transducers that are increasingly integrated into garments such that they are becoming innocuous to the user. In contrast, the area of on-body chemical sensing remains highly under-developed. In this paper, we will address the significant challenges that are inhibiting the practical realisation of reliable chemical sensors and biosensors capable of generating accurate data in real time.