Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A comparison of the balance skills, personality, and temperament of elite sports athletes and football players

Background: Although balance skills and personality have been explored in the field of sports science, little is known about the relationship between the two factors. This study aims to investigate the association of postural balance with traits of personality and temperament. The differences between elite athletes, football players, and the control sample will also be examined.Methods: There were 73 participants in the cross-sectional study, aged between 16 and 30 years (M = 21.29, SD = 2.47), including 59% men. Three samples of participants consisted of elite athletes (AE, n = 17, 23.29%) from the Polish National Team; football players (FP, n = 32, 43.84%); and the control sample (CS, n = 24, 32.88%). Postural control was assessed on a force platform (Type 9286AA, Kistler Instrumente AG, Winterthur, Switzerland) with a sampling frequency of 100 Hz. The center of pressure (COP) parameter was measured for 20 s in both conditions with eyes open, and eyes closed, in both directions, anterior‒posterior (AP) and medial‒lateral (ML). The COP parameters include standard deviation (SD), mean range (RA), mean velocity (MV), and entropy (SE). The NEO-FFI questionnaire was used to assess the Big Five personality traits, whereas the FCB-TI was used to assess temperament.Results: One-way ANOVA revealed that the EA and CS groups were more stable in the ML direction than the FP group. In the AP direction, the athletes from the EA group were more stable than the CS group. Neither personality nor temperament differentiated the three groups of participants, apart from agreeableness, which was significantly lower in both the EA and FP groups. Openness to experience is positively associated with COP parameters, as was shown by the regression analysis. All together, COP parameters can explain for about 40% of openness variability.Conclusions: The results of this study showed that EA and CS have better stability than footballers in both the ML and AP directions. Openness seems to be related to postural balance skills.
Memristive Behavior of NAOH-Immersed Titania Nanostructures

Memristive behavior is defined as a resistive switching loop which can be observed from the current-voltage (I-V) characteristic of a material. This paper reports the application of TiO2 (titania) nanostructures as an active layer for a memristive device instead of using titania thin film in nanoscale thickness as reported by other researchers. 60 nm thickness of titania thin film was deposited on ITO-coated glass substrate using the RF-magnetron sputtering method. Then, for the titania nanostructure’s growth, the TiO2/ITO/glass sample was immersed in 10 mol/l aqueous NaOH solution at 80°C while varying the immersion time for 30, 45 and 60 min. It was found that the sample immersed for 30 min showed better memristive behavior since larger switching loops were observed when positive bias was applied to the sample. The active layer consists of oxygen-deficient titania where oxygen vacancies might present on the surface of the thin film as the result of NaOH-immersion beside the formation of titania nanostructures. The degradation of the switching loops of the samples immersed in NaOH solution for 45 and 60 min might be due to the higher porosity of the samples resulting from the longer immersion process.
Competition between electron doping and short-range scattering in hydrogenated bilayer graphene on hexagonal boron nitride

We studied the electron doping of bilayer graphene (BLG) on hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) by dissociative H2 adsorption. Charge transfer phenomena were investigated by the gate voltage (Vg)-dependent electrical conductivity σ(Vg) and Raman spectroscopy with respect to the H2 exposure. The shift of the charge neutrality point toward the negative Vg region was observed and the charge scattering mechanism was found with the variation of σ(Vg). The charge transfer at the interface as well as the lattice distortion of BLG due to hydrogenation were verified by Raman spectroscopy. From these results, we concluded that the electron doping and short-range scattering in the BLG exposed to high H2 pressure (11 bar) are intrinsic features, which were achieved using a van der Waals interface consisting of BLG and h-BN.
Revisión sistemática: estrategias virales para la inducción de cáncer “virus de Epstein-Barr: latencia y mecanismos asociados a la oncogénesis viral”

espanolLa infeccion cronica con virus oncogenicos es responsable de aproximadamente el 20% de todos los canceres reportados en humanos, este proceso de oncogenesis viral presenta una naturaleza compleja, multietapa y multifactorial. Un ejemplo de ello es el Virus de Epstein- Barr (EBV), un herpesvirus que infecta de manera latente a mas del 90% de la poblacion. Aunque la infeccion a menudo cursa de manera asintomatica, el EBV es capaz de modificar su expresion genomica estableciendo diferentes fases de latencia, alterando asi el metabolismo de sus celulas blanco, como son los linfocitos B y las celulas epiteliales, proceso que resulta determinante en la aparicion y desarrollo de diferentes patologias que van desde la mononucleosis infecciosa hasta procesos oncologicos como el linfoma de Burkitt, el cancer gastrico o el cancer nasofaringeo. EnglishChronic infection with oncogenic viruses is responsible for approximately 20% of all cancers worldwide in humans, this viral transformation represents a complex, multistage and multifactorial process. An example is the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a herpesvirus that latently infects over 90% of the population. Although the infection often courses asymptomatically, EBV is able to modify its genomic expression by establishing different latency phases, thus altering the B lymphocytes and epithelial cells metabolism, a determinant process in the appearance and development of different pathologies ranging from infectious mononucleosis to oncological processes such as Burkitt’s lymphoma, gastric cancer and nasopharyngeal cancer.
Player-avatar interactions in habitual and problematic gaming: A qualitative investigation

Abstract Background and aims Previous studies have reported that stronger avatar identification and negative self-concept are associated with gaming disorder (GD). This study aimed to examine the value and significance of avatars based on firsthand accounts from regular and problematic gamers, and to identify any potential links between avatar-related experiences and excessive gaming. Methods An online survey of 993 adult gamers yielded 3,972 text responses. Qualitative analysis of 59,059 words extracted 10 categories of avatar-related perspectives. Results Some problem and non-problem gamers employed sentimental language (e.g., ‘dear friend’, ‘like a child’, ‘part of my soul’) to refer to their avatar. However, most participants perceived avatars as a means of achieving in-game goals and enabling greater interactivity (e.g., socializing). When asked to reflect on hypothetically losing their avatar, participants generally anticipated feeling temporary frustration or annoyance due to lost time and effort invested into the avatar. Although some participants reported that their avatar ‘mattered’, avatars were often considered as superficial (‘just pixels’) and peripheral to the primary reinforcement of achieving in-game rewards and objectives. Some broader psychological and identity issues such as gender dysphoria, rather than ‘addiction’, were cited as motivating persistent avatar-related interactions and attachment. Discussion and conclusions Participants reported diverse views on the psychological value and function of avatars, but the relationship between avatars and problematic gaming or GD was largely unclear or inconsistent, and refuted by some participants. Future research with clinical samples may lead to a better understanding of player-avatar processes, including whether avatar-stimuli facilitate the development of maladaptive gaming habits, particularly among psychologically vulnerable players. Future investigations should be mindful of ‘overpathologizing’ avatar-related phenomena and recognize their important role in socializing, storytelling, and creative expression among gamers.
Large-scale survey of prion protein genetic variability in scrapie disease-free goats from the United States

Scrapie is a slowly progressive neurodegenerative disease of small ruminants caused by an accumulation of an abnormal isoform of prion protein in the central nervous system. Polymorphisms of the prion protein gene (PRNP) strongly modulate scrapie resistance and incubation period in goats. The aim of this study was to identify PRNP genetic variability in goats across the United States. Blood from a total of 6,029 apparent scrapie disease-free goats from 654 operations and 19 breeds were analyzed. Sequencing of PRNP revealed 26 genotypes with different rates based on eight codons. The GG127, RR154, and QQ222 genotypes were predominant and showed a remarkably high rate across all goats. The QK222 and NS146 genotypes, known to be protective against scrapie, were found in 0.6% [with 95% CI = (0.3, 1.2)] and 22.0% [95% CI = (19.1, 25.2)] of goats, respectively. The QK222 genotype was found in 23.1% of Oberhasli goats tested, with 95%CI = (3.9, 68.7)] and 22.0% of Toggenburg goats tested with 95%CI = (9.7, 42.5)], while NS146 was found in 65.5% of Savannah goats tested, with 95%CI = (30.8, 89.9), 36.7% of Boer goats tested, with 95%CI = (33.1, 40.4), 36.3% of Nubian goats tested, with 95%CI = (27.0, 46.7)], and 35.6% of LaMancha goats tested, with 95%CI = (22.8, 50.8%). The MM142 and IM142 genotypes were found more frequently in goats on dairy operations, while the HR143, NS146, and ND146 genotypes were found more frequently in goats on meat operations. Goats in the east region had a higher percentage of goats with RH154, RQ211, and QK222 genotypes than goats in the west region. The results of this study showed high genetic variability of PRNP among the U.S. goat population, with differences by location and breed, and may serve as a rationale for development of goat breeding programs at the national level to mitigate the risk of scrapie.
A [3Fe-4S] cluster and tRNA-dependent aminoacyltransferase BlsK in the biosynthesis of Blasticidin S

Significance Transfer RNA (tRNA) transfer appropriately activated amino acids to the end of the growing peptide chain, playing significant roles in primary metabolism. Importantly, tRNA have also been shown to function outside of translation. In this report, we present the characterization of a new class of aminoacyl-tRNA (aa-tRNA)–dependent enzyme, BlsK, from Streptomyces griseochromogenes. BlsK catalyzes an aa-tRNA–dependent leucyl transfer reaction in blasticidin S biosynthesis. BlsK contains a [3Fe-4S] cluster that is necessary for its function and unprecedented in previously identified tRNA-dependent transferases. Because BlsK does not show similarity to any known functional protein, it may represent a type of aa-tRNA–dependent enzyme. As such, this work has broad implications for both tRNA-dependent and iron–sulfur–containing enzymes. Blasticidin S is a peptidyl nucleoside antibiotic. Its biosynthesis involves a cryptic leucylation and two leucylated intermediates, LDBS and LBS, have been found in previous studies. Leucylation has been proposed to be a new self-resistance mechanism during blasticidin S biosynthesis, and the leucyl group was found to be important for the methylation of β-amino group of the arginine side chain. However, the responsible enzyme and its associated mechanism of the leucyl transfer process remain to be elucidated. Here, we report results investigating the leucyl transfer step forming the intermediate LDBS in blasticidin biosynthesis. A hypothetical protein, BlsK, has been characterized by genetic and in vitro biochemical experiments. This enzyme catalyzes the leucyl transfer from leucyl-transfer RNA (leucyl-tRNA) to the β-amino group on the arginine side chain of DBS. Furthermore, BlsK was found to contain an iron–sulfur cluster that is necessary for activity. These findings provide an example of an iron–sulfur protein that catalyzes an aminoacyl-tRNA (aa-tRNA)–dependent amide bond formation in a natural product biosynthetic pathway.
Hypotension develops one to two hours before other symptoms in peptic ulcer rebleeding; a matched cohort study

Abstract Background Rebleeding is a frequent complication of peptic ulcer bleeding (PUB) and is associated with increased mortality. Blood pressure and heart rate are two easy non-invasive measurements to evaluate the hemodynamics and therefore a standard observation during hospitalization. Objective We aimed to investigate the dynamics of systolic blood pressure and heart rate up to time of peptic ulcer rebleeding. Design Retrospective matched cohort study. Hemodynamics in patients with peptic ulcer rebleeding was compared to hemodynamics in a matched control group consisting of patients with PUB without rebleeding. Blood pressure and heart rate in the six hours up to diagnosis of rebleeding was compared with baseline in the case cohort as well as with the matched control group. Results Thirty-eight patients with peptic ulcer rebleeding and 66 controls were included. Mean age was 75 years, 62% were males and 30-day mortality was 23%. Baseline systolic blood pressure in cases was 114 mmHg. Compared to baseline, we found significant decrease in systolic blood pressure two hours before rebleeding (4 mmHg; p = 0.041) and one hour before rebleeding (14 mmHg; p = 0.0002). Mean systolic blood pressure 30 min before rebleeding was 89 mmHg. No significant change was found in heart rate (p = 0.99). In the control group no change was found in systolic blood pressure or heart rate. Conclusion In patients with peptic ulcer rebleeding, hypotension develops 1–2 h before other symptoms of rebleeding. Thus, close monitoring of blood pressure is needed in order to ensure early identification of rebleeding in high-risk patients.
Epidemiology of Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Men's Baseball: 2014-2015 Through 2018-2019.

CONTEXT The National Collegiate Athletic Association has supported men's baseball championships since 1947. Since its inception, the number of participating teams and athletes has considerably expanded. BACKGROUND Frequently conducting injury surveillance of collegiate baseball athletes is essential for identifying developing temporal patterns. METHODS Exposure and injury data collected in the National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance Program during 2014-2015 through 2018-2019 were analyzed. Injury counts, rates, and proportions were used to describe injury characteristics; injury rate ratios were used to examine differential injury rates. RESULTS The overall injury rate was 3.16 per 1000 athlete-exposures. The preseason injury rate was significantly higher than the regular season injury rate. The most commonly injured body parts were shoulder (16.1%), arm or elbow (16%), and hand or wrist (13.9%). The most reported specific injury was hamstring tear (7.9%). CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study aligned with previous studies-most injuries were due to noncontact and overuse mechanisms, less than one-half of injuries were related to upper extremity body parts, and one-third of all injuries were reported among pitchers.
Current pharmacotherapy of cryptosporidiosis: an update of the state-of-the-art

ABSTRACT Introduction: Cryptosporidiosis has emerged as a major cause of diarrheal disease worldwide. It has especially serious health consequences for young, malnourished children living in endemic areas and for individuals with highly impaired T-cell function, such as HIV-positive individuals with low CD4 counts or immunosuppressed solid-organ transplant recipients. Areas covered: A selective literature search using PubMed was performed to review the available therapeutics to treat cryptosporidiosis, as well as related advances in drug development. Expert opinion: The only FDA-approved antiparasitic treatment in immunocompetent patients is nitazoxanide; however, it has failed to demonstrate convincing effectiveness among HIV-positive patients, immunosuppressed individuals and malnourished children. Thus, restoring HIV-positive patients’ cellular immune response through effective antiretroviral therapy (ART), or reducing or changing immunosuppressive drugs, is important. Several new targets have been identified for chemotherapy, and the development of drugs for these targets has progressed, including parasite kinases, nucleic acid synthesis and processing, proteases and lipid metabolism. Candidate drugs that have been shown to be effective and safe in a neonatal calf model will most likely constitute the next advance for clinical trials in humans. However, developing an effective and inexpensive vaccination, as well as complementing structural preventive measures, would most decisively reduce the global cryptosporidiosis burden.
Epidemiology of Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Women's Cross-Country: 2014-2015 Through 2018-2019.

CONTEXT Women's cross-country is a thriving sport at the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) level with over 1000 sponsored programs association-wide. BACKGROUND Routine examinations of women's cross-country injuries are important for identifying emerging time trends in injury incidence and outcomes. METHODS Exposure and injury data collected in the NCAA Injury Surveillance Program from 2014-2015 through 2018-2019 were analyzed. Injury counts, rates, and proportions were used to describe injury characteristics, and injury rate ratios were used to examine differential injury rates. RESULTS The overall injury rate was 3.96 per 1000 athlete-exposures. Most reported injuries were inflammatory conditions (33.6%), strains (17.7%), and fractures (9.1%). The most commonly reported injuries were medial tibial stress syndrome (10.0%) and lateral ligament complex tears (ankle sprains; 4.2%). SUMMARY Findings of this study were not entirely consistent with existing evidence. Future studies are needed to examine the nature of inflammatory conditions and fractures in this population, as well as temporal patterns in commonly reported injuries.
Effect of vision loss on plasticity of the head and neck proprioception.

AIM To investigate whether head and neck proprioception and motor control could be compensatory enhanced by long-term vision loss or impairment. METHODS Individuals who were blind, low vision or sighted were included in the study, which would undergo the head repositioning test (HRT). The constant error (CE), absolute error (AE), variable error (VE) and root mean square error (RMSE) of each subject were statistically analyzed. Data were analyzed using the SAS 9.4. Tukey-Kramer for one-way ANOVA was used for comparison of blind, low vision, and sighted subjects, as well as to compare subjects with balanced vision, strong vision in the left eye and strong vision in the right eye. Independent sample t-test was used to compare subjects with congenital blindness and acquired blindness, as well as left and right hand dominance subjects. RESULTS A total of 90 individuals (25 blind subjects, 31 low vision subjects, and 34 sighted subjects) were included in the study. Among the blind subjects, 14 cases had congenital blindness and 11 cases had acquired blindness. Among the blind and low vision subjects, 21 cases had balanced binocular vision, 17 cases had strong vision in the left eye and 18 cases had strong vision in the right eye. Among all subjects, 11 cases were left hand dominance, and 79 cases were right hand dominance. There were significant differences in AE, VE, and RMSE in head rotation between blind, low vision, and sighted subjects (P<0.01), in AE, VE, and RMSE between blind and sighted (P<0.01), and in VE and RMSE between low vision and sighted (P<0.05). No significant difference between blind and low vision (P>0.05). Significant differences in CE and AE of head right rotation and CE of general head rotation between congenital and acquired (P<0.05). No significant differences between left and right hand dominance and in balance or not of binocular vision (P>0.05). CONCLUSION Long-term vision loss or impairment does not lead to compensatory enhancement of head and neck proprioception and motor control. Acquired experience contributes to HRT performance in the blind and has long-lasting effects on plasticity in the development of proprioception and sensorimotor control.
Enzyme immunoassay use in the identification of Giardia spp. in Perna perna mussels destined for human consumption

ABSTRACT. do Couto M.C. M. , Silva V.L. , Pinheiro J. & do Bomfim T.C. B. Enzyme immunoassay use in the identification of Giardia spp. in Perna perna mussels destined for human consumption. [Utilizacao do Ensaio Imunoenzimatico no Diagnostico de Giardia spp. em Moluscos Perna perna Destinados ao Consumo Humano. ] Revista Brasileira de Medicina Veterinaria, 38(supl. 3):8-15, 2016. Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencias Veterinarias, Anexo 1, Instituto de Veterinaria, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, BR 465 - Km 7, Seropedica, RJ 23890-000, Brasil. E-mail: melcouto@ufrrj.br Marine bivalve molluscs are important due to the expansion of mariculture and because they are considered bioindicators of environmental pollution. Bivalve molluscs are capable of filtering large volumes of water and can accumulate waterborne pathogens, such as cysts of Giardia intestinalis, especially in their gills and digestive gland. Thus, the ingestion of raw or undercooked molluscs can be a potential source of human infection. This study aimed to use the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique to detect cysts of Giardia spp. in tissues of mussels of the species Perna perna destined for human consumption in the coast at the Municipality of Mangaratiba in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Each sample was prepared from a pool of 10 animals, totalling 72 samples of mussel tissue that were evaluated for the presence of Giardia spp. by ELISA. For sampling, only individuals with an average of 6 cm of valve length were analyzed, which is considered the ideal size for consumption. In each sample, the individuals were dissected, and only the gills and digestive gland were used, which were homogenized with the aid of a mixer and filtered to remove coarse residues. The use of the enzyme kit followed the recommendations of the manufacturer with minor modifications. Among the 72 samples used, only 22% were positive for the presence of Giardia spp. antigens. The obtained results were evaluated by colorimetry and by an ELISA plate reader with a 450/630 nm filter. Based on the results, the authors suggest that the use of the immunoassay kit is effective in the diagnosis of Giardia spp. and could be considered a screening method prior to analysis by other diagnostic methods.
Growth and secondary production of the Mediterranean gorgonian Paramuricea clavata

Growth and secondary production of the shallow-water go~gon ian Paramuncea clavata (Rlsso, 1826) were lnvest~gated at an infral~ttoral rocky statlon located at the northern entrance of the Stralt of Messlna (Tyrrhenlan Sea, southern Italy) Colonles were aged by countlng the number of annual growth nngs at the base of the skeleton Mean annual linear growth rates were calculated both by fleld measurements (tagging) and by flttlng a Bertalanffy growth equation for the species Growth rates were 2 7 and 3 0 cm yr. ' lespectively Secondary productlon was estimated by means of an ~ncrement-summation method The estlmate was qulte conservative, because ~t dld not take into account production lost by nonlethal predation, and yielded 3 0 g ash-free dry weight (AFDW) m yr ' Standing stock biomass was 22 5 g AFDW m-2 Annual PIB ratio was 0 13 and turnover time 7 5 yr