Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bacteroides uniformis and its preferred substrate, α-cyclodextrin, enhance endurance exercise performance in mice and human males

Although gut microbiota has been linked to exercise, whether alterations in the abundance of specific bacteria improve exercise performance remains ambiguous. In a cross-sectional study involving 25 male long-distance runners, we found a correlation between Bacteroides uniformis abundance in feces and the 3000-m race time. In addition, we administered flaxseed lignan or α-cyclodextrin as a test tablet to healthy, active males who regularly exercised in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to increase B. uniformis in the gut (UMIN000033748). The results indicated that α-cyclodextrin supplementation improved human endurance exercise performance. Moreover, B. uniformis administration in mice increased swimming time to exhaustion, cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations, and the gene expression of enzymes associated with gluconeogenesis in the liver while decreasing hepatic glycogen content. These findings indicate that B. uniformis enhances endurance exercise performance, which may be mediated by facilitating hepatic endogenous glucose production.
Highly tilted ferroelectric liquid crystals with biphenylyl benzoate rigid core

Five homologous series of (S)-(+)-4′-(ω-alkanoyloxy)alkoxybiphenyl-4-yl 4-(1-methylheptyloxy)benzoates (nHmR) with highly tilted smectic C* (Sm C*) phase have been synthesised. Phase transition temperatures, enthalpies, tilt angles, spontaneous polarisation, and helical pitches of a few of them have been measured. Most of compounds of nHmR homologous series exhibit Iso-N*-SmC* phase sequence. Compunds of series nHmR exhibit high tilt angles in the SmC* phase (up to 41.5°) and a high value of spontaneous polarisation (near 100 nC/cm2). Their melting points are rather high, above 55°C. Both the melting and the clearing points of all new compounds are decreasing, with the increasing of the total length of the achiral alkyl chain.
Digital public health interventions at scale: The impact of social media advertising on beliefs and outcomes related to COVID vaccines

Significance This paper analyzes whether social media advertising can be a cost-effective tool to influence attitudes and beliefs about COVID-19 vaccines and ultimately vaccinations. We conduct a meta-analysis of more than 800 experiments conducted by 174 public health-related organizations. Each experiment randomly assigned advertisements to a subset of users and measured the outcome, attitudes, and beliefs, through surveys. Although each experiment individually has too few subjects to reliably detect small effects, by pooling the data, we obtain more precise estimates of the overall average effect. The estimated average cost per additional influenced person, $3.41, and the estimated cost per additional vaccination, $5.68, can be compared to the social benefit when evaluating the cost-effectiveness of public health campaigns.
RIPK1 blocks T cell senescence mediated by RIPK3 and caspase-8

Receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) regulates cell death and inflammation. Here, we show that T cell–specific RIPK1 deficiency in mice leads to the premature senescence of T cells and induces various age-related diseases, resulting in premature death. RIPK1 deficiency causes higher basal activation of mTORC1 (mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1) that drives enhanced cytokine production, induction of senescence-related genes, and increased activation of caspase-3/7, which are restored by inhibition of mTORC1. Critically, normal aged T cells exhibit similar phenotypes and responses. Mechanistically, a combined deficiency of RIPK3 and caspase-8 inhibition restores the impaired proliferative responses; the elevated activation of Akt, mTORC1, extracellular signal–regulated kinase, and caspase-3/7; and the increased expression of senescence-related genes in RIPK1-deficient CD4 T cells. Last, we revealed that the senescent phenotype of RIPK1-deficient and aged CD4 T cells is restored in the normal tissue environment. Thus, we have clarified the function of RIPK3 and caspase-8 in inducing CD4 T cell senescence, which is modulated by environmental signals.
Evaluation of free DIEP flap complications in the setting of previous gynecological operations

Autologous tissue breast reconstruction with free deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flaps is reliable with reproducible results and very few contraindications. However, previous surgery may compromise the abdominal donor site due to injury to the vascular pedicle. The purpose of the current study is to evaluate the effects of prior abdominal surgery on need for changes to the operative plan, intraoperative complications, and postoperative flap compromise.
The algorithmic sampler: An analysis problem?

To play natural sounds on an algorithmic synthesizer, it would be necessary to extract parameters that correspond to a synthesis model from an analysis of a real sound. The aim of this lecture is to show different facets of a time‐frequency representation that are very particular in the signal‐processing field because they are oriented toward the musical use. For example, psychoacoustic criteria allow one to ‘‘get rid of’’ the incertainty principle on time and frequency. Here, only the acoustically relevant parameters are looked for rather than the exact physical data. For that purpose, time‐frequency transforms were used, namely the Gabor and the wavelet transforms, and additional work on the time‐frequency representations they provide was conducted. For example, the spectral line estimation allows one to separate each elementary component and to estimate the modulation law associated to each one by solving a linear system where the coefficients come from the representation. Special features concerning t.
Identification of non‐linear stress–strain–time relationship of soils using genetic algorithm

Recognition of non‐linear constitutive rock/soil model from experimental results is often multi‐modal in the large parameter space. A genetic evolution algorithm is thus proposed for its recognition, including that of structure of the model and coefficients in the model. The structure of the model can be firstly determined according to mechanical mechanism if the mechanism is clearly understood or searched by using evolutionary algorithm. The coefficients to be determined are then searched in global optional space. With the new evolutionary algorithm, the non‐linear stress–strain–time constitutive law to describe strain softening behaviours of diatomaceous soil under consolidated and undrained state was recognized by learning stress–strain–time behaviour of an intact sample under consolidated pressure of σc=0.1 MPa and strain velocity of ˙ εa=0.175%/min. This model gave reasonable prediction for diatomaceous soils under varying consolidated pressures (0.1–3.5 MPa) and strain velocities (0.0044–1.75%/min). It indicates that the methodology proposed in this paper is robust enough and strongly attractive for recognition of non‐linear constitutive model of soil and rock materials. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Generalization of the Biot--Savart law to Maxwell's equations using special relativity

Maxwell’s equations are obtained by generalizing the laws of magnetostatics, which follow from the Biot–Savart law and superposition, to be consistent with special relativity. The Lorentz force on a charged particle and its rate of energy change also follow by making Newton’s second law for a particle in a magnetostatic field consistent with special relativity.
Deep learning applications in visual data for benign and malignant hematologic conditions: a systematic review and visual glossary

Deep learning (DL) is a subdomain of artificial intelligence algorithms capable of automatically evaluating subtle graphical features to make highly accurate predictions, which was recently popularized in multiple imaging-related tasks. Because of its capabilities to analyze medical imaging such as radiology scans and digitized pathology specimens, DL has significant clinical potential as a diagnostic or prognostic tool. Coupled with rapidly increasing quantities of digital medical data, numerous novel research questions and clinical applications of DL within medicine have already been explored. Similarly, DL research and applications within hematology are rapidly emerging, although these are still largely in their infancy. Given the exponential rise of DL research for hematologic conditions, it is essential for the practising hematologist to be familiar with the broad concepts and pitfalls related to these new computational techniques. This narrative review provides a visual glossary for key deep learning principles, as well as a systematic review of published investigations within malignant and non-malignant hematologic conditions, organized by the different phases of clinical care. In order to assist the unfamiliar reader, this review highlights key portions of current literature and summarizes important considerations for the critical understanding of deep learning development and implementations in clinical practice.
Dynamic programming matching as a simulation of budgerigar contact-call discrimination

Dynamic programming (DP) matching has been successfully used to classify budgerigar contact calls into natural groups (Ito et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 100, 3947–3956 (1996)]. In this paper, the biological relevance of the DP-matching algorithm was further investigated with an enlarged test set and using psychophysical test results from actual birds. Five call comparison methods (CCMs), including an improved DP-matching method, were used to quantify the dissimilarity or similarity between the contact calls of different budgerigars. Peak–time matrices, consisting of the three most intense peak frequencies in the respective time bins of given calls, formed the common input to the CCMs. The CCMs were compared in terms of (1) efficiency for classification (cluster analysis) of very similar cagemate contact calls into natural groups, i.e., by individual, and (2) correlation to the birds’ own perception as inferred from psychophysical tests. The DP-matching method, which chose two representative peak frequencies.
Stair-climbing wheelchair proven to maintain user’s body stability based on AnyBody musculoskeletal model and finite element analysis

The electric stair-climbing wheelchair is a beneficial mobile assistance device for older adults and disabled persons with poor walking ability, as it reduces the daily walking and climbing burden. In this paper, 11 older adults were tested when using a stair-climbing wheelchair in three environments: flat ground, slopes, and stairs. The kinematic and dynamic parameters of the lower limb joints were simulated by AnyBody 7.2 human model simulation software using Vicon 3D infrared motion capture, a 3D force table, and analyzed by ANSYS 19.2 Workbench. The joint force, joint moment, and muscle strength did not change significantly under the three environments when using the wheelchair. Through finite element analysis of the mechanical properties of the human body, when using the wheelchair, no significant differences in the overall stress distributions of the fifth lumbar spine, hip bone, or femur were found among the three environments, no significant differences in deformation and displacement were found, and the stress distribution was relatively stable. Therefore, the human body is stable enough to use the electric stair-climbing wheelchair in the three test environments, all of which will be commonly encountered in daily life.
A Case of Intramural Gastric Wall Abscess, a Rare Disease Successfully Treated with Endoscopic Incision and Drainage

Gastric wall abscess is a rare condition characterized by a purulent inflammatory process resulting in the formation of a pocket of pus in the stomach. As the mucosa is usually intact, it requires various tools such as endoscopic ultrasonography or computed tomography for the differential diagnosis to rule out more common subepithelial tumors. Even after the diagnosis, the treatment for gastric wall abscess was previously restricted to surgical resection in combination with antibiotics. Currently, in order to avoid unnecessary surgery, the alternative method of initial treatment with an endoscopic approach is recommended. It also helps to choose appropriate antibiotics with confirmation of the pathogen by drainage. There are few reports that describe the detailed processing of the endoscopic drainage, and there is no consensus on the treatment. The pathogens that cause gastric wall abscess are usually Streptococci, Staphylococci, and Escherichia coli. There is only one case reported to be caused by Candida albicans. This is the first report of Elizabethkingia anopheles as the pathogen of the gastric wall abscess. Here, we report a case of gastric wall abscess in a 75-year-old man, safely treated by endoscopic drainage and antibiotics, confirmed by isolating the contents of the abscess.
Gain of photoprotection afforded by the cyclic merocyanine UVA1 absorber MCE® in sunscreen formulae: A dose effect in vivo clinical trial

To the Editor, Ultraviolet (UV) rays that reach the earth surface is a combination of UVB, UVA2, and UVA1, the latter presenting a relatively constant level and high penetration properties. UVA1 rays have now been shown to contribute to the development of carcinogenesis, immunosuppression, photoaging, and hyperpigmentation.1 To prevent harmful effects of the whole solar UV spectrum, absorption of sunscreen formulae can now be designed to efficiently cover UVB and all the UVA wavelengths up to 400 nm.2 Indeed, addition in state of art sunscreen formulas of the cyclic merocyanine absorber, methoxypropylamino cyclohexenylidene ethoxyethylcyanoacetate (MCE®),3 a new UVA1 filter (λmax 385 nm) recently listed in the Annex VI of EU authorized UV filters,4 enables the coverage of the 360– 400 nm wavelengths range. The maximum concentration of MCE® authorized in sunscreens is 3%. Previous clinical studies have shown that enlarged SPF30 sunscreens with MCE at 1.5% and 2% allow to increase the prevention of hyperpigmentation compared to the sunscreen without MCE.5,6 The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of MCE® at concentrations ranging from 0.5% to 2% using UVinducedpigmentation as a relevant noninvasive end point. The clinical
Causal Evidence that Rotational Moisture Advection is Critical to the Superparameterized Madden–Julian Oscillation

AbstractThe authors investigate the hypothesis that horizontal moisture advection is critical to the eastward propagation of the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO). Consistent diagnostic evidence has been found in recent MJO-permitting global models viewed from the moisture-mode dynamical paradigm. To test this idea in a causal sense, tropical moisture advection by vorticity anomalies is artificially modulated in a superparameterized global model known to produce a realistic MJO signal. Boosting horizontal moisture advection by tropical vorticity anomalies accelerates and amplifies the simulated MJO in tandem with reduced environmental gross moist stability. Limiting rotational horizontal moisture advection shuts the MJO down. These sensitivities are robust in that they are nearly monotonic with respect to the control parameter and emerge despite basic-state sensitivities favoring the opposite response. Speedup confirms what several diagnostic lines of evidence already suggest—that anomalous moisture advecti.
Is the clinical performance of internal conical connection better than internal non-conical connection for implant-supported restorations? A systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

PURPOSE To evaluate bone loss, prosthodontics and biological complications, and implant survival rates of internal conical connections (ICC) compared with internal non-conical connection (INCC) implants. METHODS The systematic review was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021237170). Meta-analysis was performed using standardized mean difference (SMD) for bone loss and risk ratio (RR) for implant survival and complication rates. Risk of bias analysis was evaluated using RoB 2.0, while the GRADE tool was used to evaluate the certainty of evidence. A systematic search of the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane, and ProQuest databases was performed independently by two reviewers for articles published up to March 2022. The search criteria had no language or publication date restrictions. Handsearching analysis was performed in the reference list of potential articles. RESULTS Twelve randomized clinical trials (RCT), including 678 patients and 1006 implants (ICC [n = 476]; INCC [n = 530]) were included. Meta-analysis revealed that ICC demonstrated a lower risk for marginal bone loss (SMD: -0.80 mm; P = 0.004) and prosthodontics complications (RR: 0.16; P = 0.01) than INCC. However, both internal connections demonstrated no significant difference in implant survival rates (RR: 0.54; P = 0.10) and biological complications (RR: 0.90; P = 0.82). The overall risk of bias revealed some concerns and low risk of bias for most of included studies. However, the certainty of evidence of outcomes was considered low to moderate. CONCLUSION ICC may be considered a more favorable treatment option than INCC owing to greater preservation of peri-implant bone tissue and a lower probability of prosthodontics complications. However, well-conducted studies with long-term follow-up are warranted. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Effect of light fluctuations on photosynthesis and metabolic flux in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803

In nature, photosynthetic organisms are exposed to fluctuating light, and their physiological systems must adapt to this fluctuation. To maintain homeostasis, these organisms have a light fluctuation photoprotective mechanism, which functions in both photosystems and metabolism. Although the photoprotective mechanisms functioning in the photosystem have been studied, it is unclear how metabolism responds to light fluctuations within a few seconds. In the present study, we investigated the metabolic response of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 to light fluctuations using 13C‐metabolic flux analysis. The light intensity and duty ratio were adjusted such that the total number of photons or the light intensity during the low‐light phase was equal. Light fluctuations affected cell growth and photosynthetic activity under the experimental conditions. However, metabolic flux distributions and cofactor production rates were not affected by the light fluctuations. Furthermore, the estimated ATP and NADPH production rates in the photosystems suggest that NADPH‐consuming electron dissipation occurs under fluctuating light conditions. Although we focused on the water–water cycle as the electron dissipation path, no growth effect was observed in an flv3‐disrupted strain under fluctuating light, suggesting that another path contributes to electron dissipation under these conditions.
Efficacy and safety of the eight-chop technique in phacoemulsification for patients with cataract

The eight-chop technique, which is characterized by the division of the lens nucleus into 8 segments, is effective and safe in phacoemulsification for patients with cataract. Purpose: The aim of this study was to estimate the efficacy of the 8-chop technique in phacoemulsification surgeries of patients with cataract. Setting: Sato Eye Clinic, Chiba-ken, Japan. Design: Prospective study. Methods: Patients were classified into 3 groups (Grade II, Grade III, and Grade IV; n = 50 each) according to the firmness of their lens nuclei. The Eight-chopper I was used for Grade II, Eight-chopper II for Grade III, and Lance-chopper for Grade IV. The best-corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP), and endothelial cell density were evaluated at 7 and 19 weeks postoperatively. The primary outcome measures were the mean operative time, mean phaco time, cumulative dissipated energy (CDE), and volume of fluid used. Results: 150 cataract surgeries were performed. The operative time (minutes), phaco time (seconds), CDE, and volume of fluid used (milliliters) differed significantly among the 3 groups, increasing in the following order: Grade II, Grade III, and Grade IV (P < .01). The corneal endothelial cell density did not decrease significantly in the 3 groups at 19 weeks postoperatively (P = .09). The rate of endothelial cell loss was 0.9% ± 5.9%, 1.0% ± 10.3%, and 5.3% ± 11.1% in the Grade II, III, and IV groups at 19 weeks postoperatively, respectively. There were significant reductions in the IOP at 7 and 19 weeks postoperatively compared with the preoperative IOP in the 3 groups (P < .01). Conclusions: The 8-chop technique was effective and safe in phacoemulsification for patients with cataracts with lens nuclei of varying hardness.
Zonular and capsular bag disorders: a hypothetical perspective based on recent pathophysiological insights

We look at the pathophysiology behind incompetence of the zonular apparatus–capsular bag and have subsequently devised a classification system addressing the major causes and associations. The purpose of this article was to look at the pathophysiology behind and devise a classification system for the causes of zonular apparatus–capsular bag (ZACB) insufficiency. Also discussed is dystrophic bag syndrome, including clinical cases and addressing where it lies on the ZACB spectrum. There has been interest in the emergence of in-the-bag intraocular lens (IOL) subluxation, the prevalence of which is increasing. There has also been a recent report of dead bag syndrome, which the authors believe is part of the same disease spectrum. The authors put these phenomena into perspective and provide a classification system based on the possible causes of what they have termed ZACB insufficiency. The basic aspects of capsular bag–IOL ocular pathophysiology are summarized with a focus on functional aspects and the consequences for IOL fastening. Within this framework, dystrophic bag syndrome is a form of primary capsular ZACB insufficiency. The contribution of factors such as intraocular drugs may suggest a reconsideration of agents used and their mode of application.
COSMOGRAPHY WITH THE HUBBLE PARAMETER

In this paper we investigate the possibility to obtain constraints on the kinematics of the Universe in a flat Friedmann–Robertson–Walker cosmology, through the use of the so-called Cosmography. The basic idea lies directly on fitting the H(z) series, by adopting a more recent dataset of H(z), in the range z≼1.8, obtaining the limits of the kinematical quantities under exam. The advantage that we propose here is that this fitting procedure is model independent and it does not need any assumption given a priori on the cosmology of the Universe, but only its geometry and flatness. Moreover, as an example, we relate the measured cosmographic set to the free parameter of ΛCDM, being the matter density Ωm. In fact, by inverting Ωm in terms of the cosmographic set, it would be possible to infer limits on it. We find results in agreement with other kind of cosmological constraints.