Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Olympic Dam ore genesis; a fluid-mixing model

Numerical modeling shows that fluid mixing was probably the dominant ore-forming process in the Olympic Dam Cu-U-Au deposit. The deposit is hosted by the Olympic Dam Breccia Complex, which is within the Roxby Downs Granite. The granite and the breccia complex are coeval with the Gawler Range Volcanics-Hiltaba Suite volcano-plutonic association, and all are products of a major Middle Proterozoic thermal event on the Gawler craton, South Australia. In the Olympic Dam Breccia Complex, early magnetite (+ or - hematite), chlorite, sericite, siderite, and minor pyrite, chalcopyrite, and uraninite mineralization (association I) is extensively overprinted by hematite, sericite, chalcocite, bornite, pitchblende, barite, fluorite, and chlorite (association II). The paragenetically latest major mineral association consists of hematite, or hematite + granular quartz + or - barite (association III). All three mineral associations locally display complex overlapping and indistinct boundaries. Rock relations, breccia textures, ore mineral textures, and mineral parageneses all provide evidence of repetitive brecciation and mineralization events, indicating that ore genesis was complex and multistage. The mineral associations and their zonation, combined with fluid inclusion and isotopic data, indicate that mixing of a hotter magmatic or deeply circulated meteoric water and a cooler meteoric water was probably responsible for ore genesis. Ore mineral textures, the abundance of hematite, and the close association of sulfides and pitchblende with hematite, all suggest that ore precipitation was caused by reduction of sulfate coupled with oxidation of iron during mixing. Fluid inclusion salinities, and the absence of evidence for boiling during precipitation of associations II and III, are consistent with the cooler meteoric water having originated as saline ground water or playa lake water within the volcanic succession inferred to have been extensively developed above and in the vicinity of the Olympic Dam Breccia Complex. U-Pb geochronology and textural studies show that mineralization accompanied brecciation, dike intrusion, and regional mafic and felsic volcanism on the Gawler craton.
System Design and Echo Preprocessing of Spaceborne Squinted Two-Dimensional Beam Scanning Synthetic Aperture Radar

Conventional squinted sliding spotlight synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging suffers from substantial swath width reduction and complex processing requirements due to the continuous variation in the squint angle and the large range cell migration (RCM) throughout the data acquisition interval. A novel two-dimensional (2D) beam scanning mode for high-resolution wide swath (HRWS) imaging is proposed. The key to the novel imaging mode lies in the synchronous scanning of azimuth and range beams, allowing for a broader and more flexible imaging swath with a high geometric resolution. Azimuth beam scanning from fore to aft was used to improve the azimuth resolution, while range beam scanning was adopted to illuminate the oblique wide swath to avoid the large RCM and the serious swath width reduction. Compared with the conventional sliding spotlight mode, both the swath width and swath length could be extended. According to the echo model of this imaging mode, an echo signal preprocessing approach is proposed. The key points of this approach are range data extension and azimuth data upsampling. A designed system example with a resolution of 0.5 m, swath width of 60 km, and azimuth coverage length of 134 km is presented. Furthermore, a simulation experiment on point targets was carried out. Both the presented system example and imaging results of point targets validated the proposed imaging mode.
Several Narrative Strategies in Yiddish and Czech Stories

This article deals with six short stories written in Yiddish and Czech analyzing their narrative strategies. In The German by Sholem Aleichem the limited first-person perspective of the story makes it impossible to look into the inner world of the German. Similar characters are presented in Aleichem’s Hard Luck and Elijah the Prophet. At the end of Hard Luck a dialogue breaks the limited perspective. The main character of Isaac Leybush Peretz’s The Shtrayml seems to be a type of naive narrator; in fact, in the last part of the story, he expresses the author’s irony and social criticism. The German by Aleichem probably inspired The Miracle with Julčaby Czech author Ivan Olbracht. Here, however, the protagonist’s perspective is sometimes extended by the author’s perspective. In Ladislav Grosman’s The Bride the contrast between the characters’ and the readers’ expectations is presented by the significant change of the narrator’s point of view. The peripheral narrator concentrated on private life becomes the author’s narrator who knows the future.
Suolo, sistemi locali di produzione ed agricoltura nello sviluppo rurale delle economie post-industriali

The post-industrial development of non-urban territory shows a decline in the agricultural use of the land and a rise of industrial and services activities localization on it. This imply a new methodology to study rural and agricultural development. The aim of the paper is to provide a general framework to deal with these problems. The starting point is the use of soil as an input of production and as a space of the localization strategies of the firm.
Weakly Supervised Sea Fog Detection in Remote Sensing Images via Prototype Learning

Sea fog detection is a challenging and significant task in the field of remote sensing. Deep learning-based methods have shown promising potential, but require a large amount of pixel-level labeled data that are time-consuming and labor-intensive to acquire. To scale up the dataset and overcome the limitations of pixel-level annotation, we attempt to explore the existing knowledge from historical statistics for label-efficient sea fog detection. In this article, we propose an image-level weakly supervised sea fog detection dataset (WS-SFDD) and a novel weakly supervised sea fog detection framework via prototype learning, named ProCAM. According to the sea fog events recorded by the Marine Weather Review published quarterly by the National Meteorological Center of China, we collect the sea fog images from Himawari-8 satellite data and obtain free image-level labels to construct the dataset. However, with image-level annotations, the existing weakly supervised semantic segmentation (WSSS) methods mainly rely on class activation maps (CAMs) and have limitations when applied to such a specific scenario: 1) the pseudo-labels (PLs) mainly cover the most discriminative part of object regions that are incomplete; 2) the background is complex with varying atmospheric conditions, and it is difficult to distinguish sea fog from low clouds due to their high similarity in spectral characteristics; and 3) the co-occurring context, such as “sea,” distracts the model and thus degrades the performance. To address the above issues, in our proposed ProCAM, we first design a prototype reactivation (PRA) module that reactivates self-similar sea fog regions by pixel-to-prototype feature matching to improve the robustness and completeness of CAMs. Then, we develop a pixel-to-prototype contrastive (PPC) learning method to increase the distance between sea fog and background in the embedding space for learning more discriminative dense features. Finally, a self-augmented regularization (SAR) strategy is presented to decouple sea fog from its co-ocurring context, and thus avoid background interference. Extensive experiments on the WS-SFDD dataset demonstrate that our proposed method ProCAM achieves superior performance with an $F1$ score of 77.59% and a critical success index (CSI) of 63.39%. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to perform image-level weakly supervised sea fog detection in remote sensing images. The dataset and code are available at https://github.com/yixianghuang/ProCAM.
Tocilizumab for the fifth progression of cystic childhood craniopharyngioma—a case report

We present the case of a 15-year-old girl, with a fifth cystic progression of an adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma after multiple surgeries and previous local radiotherapy. She had severe visual impairment, panhypopituitarism including diabetes insipidus, and several components of hypothalamic damage, including morbid obesity and severe fatigue. To prevent further late effects hampering her quality of survival, she was treated biweekly with intravenous tocilizumab, an anti-interleukin-6 agent, which stabilized the cyst for a prolonged time. Based on the biology of adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma, this immune-modulating treatment seems promising for the treatment of this cystic tumor in order to reduce surgery and delay or omit radiotherapy.
Isotopic constraints on the structural relationships between the Lesser Himalayan Series and the High Himalayan Crystalline Series, Garhwal Himalaya

Nd and Sr isotope systematics may provide important constraints on the location of major thrust systems that separate lithologically similar sedimentary sequences. The potential of the technique is illustrated by this isotopic study of the Main Central thrust system of the Himalaya. Nd isotope data from the Garhwal Himalaya indicate that metasedimentary rocks from the Vaikrita Group (Nd = –14 to –19) correlate closely with those from the High Himalayan Crystalline Series, which constitutes the hanging-wall lithologies of the Main Central thrust. In contrast, metasedimentary rocks from the Munsiari Group (Nd = –23 to –28) show marked similarities to the Lesser Himalayan Series in the footwall of the Main Central thrust. Sr isotopes support the correlations in that the Vaikrita Group shows partial reequilibration at 500 Ma, whereas the Munsiari Group has not undergone Sr isotope homogenization since 1800 Ma. Thus, the Vaikrita thrust that juxtaposes these two formations is recognized as the Main Central thrust in Garhwal Himalaya. The thrust coincides, approximately, with the location of the kyanite isograd, confirming that inverted metamorphism is characteristic of both hanging wall and footwall of the Main Central thrust. Along the Tons thrust (known locally as the Srinagar thrust) 50 km south of the Main Central thrust, low-grade quartzarenites with Nd-Sr isotope and trace element characteristics typical of Lesser Himalayan formations have been emplaced on phyllites and siltstones with geochemical characteristics of the High Himalayan Crystalline Series. The field relationships most probably result from out-of-sequence thrusting in which Lesser Himalayan Series rocks to the north were emplaced over low-grade equivalents of the High Himalayan Crystalline Series preserved in the external part of the orogen. This study establishes the value of isotope data for lithostratigraphic correlations within orogenic belts.
Red sacaca essential oil-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers optimized by factorial design: cytotoxicity and cellular reactive oxygen species levels

Amazonian flora includes several species with the potential to develop pharmaceutical and biotechnological products. The essential oils from Amazonian species possess some biological properties, such as antioxidant, antibacterial, and cytotoxic activities. The essential oil of red sacaca (RSO), Croton cajucara Benth. , contains metabolites characterized by antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) are an advantageous alternative for the effective delivery of drugs because they can solubilize lipophilic actives and reduce their cytotoxicity. This study aimed to optimize the synthesis of RSO-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC-RSO) using a 23 factorial design and investigate their antioxidant and cytotoxic effects. The red sacaca essential oil (RSO) metabolite profile was characterized using gas chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometer (GC-MS), identifying 33 metabolites, with linalool and 7-hydroxy-calamenene as the major ones, as reported in the literature. The optimized NLC-RSO formulation had a particle size less than 100 nm and a polydispersity index lower than 0.25. After characterizing NLC-RSO using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, zeta potential, moisture content, and wettability, in vitro cytotoxicity were performed in A549 and BEAS-2B cell lines using the resazurin metabolism assay. The data indicated a lower IC50 for RSO than for NLC-RSOs in both cell lines. Furthermore, low cytotoxicity of blank nanoparticles (blank NP) and medium chain triglycerides-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC-MCT) towards both pulmonary cell lines was noted. At a concentration of 50–100 μg/mL, free RSO exhibited higher cytotoxicity than NLC-RSO, demonstrating the protective effect of this lipid carrier in reducing cytotoxicity during metabolite delivery. Similarly, free RSO showed higher 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging than NLC-RSO, also indicating this protective effect. The 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level assay did not show differences between the treatments at higher but non-cytotoxic dosages. Taken together, our results suggest that NLC-RSOs are potential RSO delivery systems for applications related to cancer treatment.
When staff handle staph : user-driven versus expert-driven communication of infection control guidelines

Health care-associated infections cause thousands of preventable deaths each year. Therefore, it is crucial that health care workers (HCWs) adhere to infection control guidelines. Although most HCWs are aware of the rationale for guidelines, adherence is generally poor, which might be caused by the guidelines’ expert-driven character. Whereas traditional, paper-based guidelines have a strong focus on scientific validation, regulation, and legislation, HCWs’ information need is rather action-oriented. Based on extensive user-centered research involving HCWs (comprised of eight studies including Card Sort, scenario testing with thinking aloud, prototyping, interviewing, etc), a multimodal website was developed that presents evidence-based guidelines as answers to questions that reflect HCWs’ practical informational needs. Evaluation studies showed that the website outperformed the traditional, paper-based guidelines with regard to efficiency (time for task completion decreased significantly from six to two minutes), effectiveness (successful task completion rate increased significantly from 50% to 90%), and user satisfaction. The website appeared to ‘empower’ HCWs since it allowed them to take decisions for daily work practice, and thereby reduced infection control professionals’ workload. Since a website in itself is not enough to change HCWs’ behavioral intention to adhere to the guidelines, the factors that affect adoption of the website in daily work practice were investigated next to the determinants of intention to adhere. These factors were considered during the implementation phase of the website. The studies that together composed the user-centered design process of the website are described in a dissertation (thesis defense October 2nd, 2009). This dissertation provides the methodological steps and design principles necessary to communicate user-driven guidelines via a website and suggests how to optimally implement this website in daily work practice, in order to enhance effective and efficient risk- and crisis communication. Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (also known as “hospital bacteria”) served as a case study for this dissertation research, but the thesis might also serve as a manual for the communication of guidelines regarding all types of infectious diseases, such as Mexican flu (H1N1)). This is subject of future research. Furthermore, future studies will concentrate on the development of e-learning strategies for HCWs and incorporating an advanced dialogue system into the website.
Influence of the North American Monsoon System on the U.S. Summer Precipitation Regime

Abstract Key features of the U.S. summer precipitation regime are examined within the context of the evolving North American monsoon system. The focus is on the antecedent and subsequent atmospheric conditions over the conterminous United States relative to the onset of monsoon precipitation over the southwestern United States, which typically begins in early July. The onset of the monsoon in this region is determined using a precipitation index, based on daily observed precipitation for a 31-yr (1963–94) period. Lagged composites of the observed precipitation and various fields from the NCEP–NCAR reanalysis for the period 1979–94 provide a comprehensive picture of atmospheric conditions during the evolution of the U.S. warm season precipitation regime. The summer precipitation regime is characterized by an out-of-phase relationship between precipitation over the Southwest and the Great Plains–northern tier and an in-phase relationship between precipitation over the Southwest and the East Coast. Changes i.
Anatomical connections in the human visual cortex: validation and new insights using a DTI Geodesic Connectivity Mapping method

Various approaches have been introduced to infer the organization of white matter connectivity using Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI). In this study, we validate a recently introduced geometric tractography technique, Geodesic Connectivity Mapping (GCM), able to overcome the main limitations of geometrical approaches. Using the GCM technique, we could successfully characterize anatomical connections in the human low-level visual cortex. We reproduce previous findings regarding the topology of optic radiations linking the LGN to V1 and the regular organization of splenium fibers with respect to their origin in the visual cortex. Moreover, our study brings further insights regarding the connectivity of the human MT complex (hMT+) and the retinotopic areas.
Factors affecting the quality of human capital in industrial cities of Russia

The study tests the hypothesis that in order to develop industrial enterprises in the modern realities of the BANI-world (brittle, anxious, nonlinear, incomprehensible: fragile, disturbing, nonlinear, incomprehensible) it is of high importance to understand the influence of the social context and assess it in the correct manner. To reach new heights of development, not only direct investments in people’s education are needed, but also indirect ones, i.e., in creating favourable living conditions. The purpose of this work is to identify the factors that are the target of indirect investments affecting the quality of human capital in industrial cities of Russia.
Guidelines for the development of Escape Room genre games utilizing the emotion-based MDA framework and its application on the Logic Gates project

The maturing and growth of the game industry made stagnant genres get back into popularity, as it is the case of Escape Room. This process increased the expectations related to the quality of games that were being developed, something that is directly connected to the enjoyment that the player will experience through the product. The enjoyment is a result of a variety of emotions in different intensities that the player goes through while playing the game. However, there is a lack of research, articles and information in how to think, plan and develop the emotions intended to be transmited to the player by the designer, especially in the Escape Room genre. Thereby, this article suggests alterations on the MDA framework, indicating which mechanics and dynamics should be inserted for the player go through the intended feelings, proposing a emotion based MDA framework. This framework is utilized to propose guidelines for the development of games in the Escape Room genre. And then those guidelines were applied to the production of a Game Design Document of an educational game called Logic Gates.
Value of Central Venous to Arterial CO2 Difference after Early Goal-directed Therapy in Septic Shock Patients

ABSTRACT Background and aims Venous to arterial difference of carbon dioxide (Pv–aCO2) tracks tissue blood flow. We aimed to evaluate if Pv–aCO2 measured from a superior central vein sample is a prognostic index (ICU length of stay, SOFA score, 28th mortality rate) just after early goal-directed therapy (EGDT)comparing its ICU admission values between patients with normal and abnormal (>6 mm Hg) Pv–aCO2. As secondary objectives, we evaluated the relationship of Pv–aCO2 with other variables of perfusion during the 24 hours that followed EGDT. Materials and methods Prospective observational study conducted in an academic ICU adult septic shock patients after a 6-hour complete EGTD. Hemodynamic measurements, arterial/central venous blood gases, and arterial lactate were obtained on ICU admission and after 6, 18 and 24 hours. Results Sixty patients were included. Admission Pv–aCO2 values showed no prognostic value. Admission Pv–aCO2 (ROC curve 0.527 [CI 95% 0.394 to 0.658]) values showed low specificity and sensitivity as predictors of mortality. There was a difference observed in the mean Pv–aCO2 between nonsurvivors (NS) and survivors (S) after 6 hours. Central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO2) and Pv–aCO2 showed significant correlation (R2 = –0.41, P < 0.0001). Patients with normal ScvO2 (>70%) and abnormal Pv–aCO2 (>6 mm Hg) showed higher SOFA scores. Normal Pv–aCO2 group cleared their lactate levels in comparison to the abnormal Pv–aCO2 group. Conclusion In septic shock, admission Pv–aCO2 after EGDT is not related to worse outcomes. An abnormal Pv–aCO2 along with a normal ScvO2 is related to organ dysfunction. How to cite this article Araujo DT, Felice VB, Meregalli AF, Friedman G. Value of Central Venous to Arterial CO2 Difference after Early Goal-directed Therapy in Septic Shock Patients. Indian J Crit Care Med 2019;23(10):449–453.
UTLNet: Uncertainty-Aware Transformer Localization Network for RGB-Depth Mirror Segmentation

Mirror segmentation, an emerging discipline in the field of computer vision, involves the identification and marking of mirrors in an image. Current mirror segmentation methods rely on fixed mirror elements as features for object segmentation. However, these methods do not account for the varied quality of feature images obtained under complex real-world conditions, leading to inaccurate segmentation results. To address these limitations, we propose a novel uncertainty-aware transformer localization network (UTLNet) for RGB-D mirror segmentation. Our approach draws inspiration from biomimicry, specifically the behavior pattern of human observation. We aim to explore features from different angles and focus on complex features that are challenging to determine during the coding stage. Additionally, we employ graph convolution to construct complementary dual-modal fusion features. Furthermore, we design a multiscale interaction transformer module using the shifted-window self-attention mechanism to acquire precise position information. In our experiments, the proposed UTLNet surpasses the current state-of-the-art mirror segmentation method as well as alternative task-specific methods. It achieves superior performance across various evaluation scenarios.