Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
AdS(4) x CP**3 superstring and D=3 N=6 superconformal symmetry

Motivated by the isomorphism between $osp(4|6)$ superalgebra and $D=3$ $\mathcal{N}=6$ superconformal algebra we consider the superstring action on the ${\mathrm{AdS}}_{4}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}\mathbb{C}{\mathbb{P}}^{3}$ background parametrized by $D=3$ $\mathcal{N}=6$ super-Poincare and ${\mathbb{C}\mathbb{P}}^{3}$ coordinates supplemented by the coordinates corresponding to dilatation and superconformal generators. The relation between the degeneracy of fermionic equations of motion and the action $\ensuremath{\kappa}$-invariance in the framework of the supercoset approach is also discussed.
Unveiling the nature of out-of-equilibrium phase transitions in a system with long-range interactions

Recently, there has been some vigorous interest in the out-of-equilibrium quasistationary states (QSSs), with lifetimes diverging with the number N of degrees of freedom, emerging from numerical simulations of the ferromagnetic XY Hamiltonian Mean Field (HMF) starting from some special initial conditions. Phase transitions have been reported between low-energy magnetized QSSs and large-energy unexpected, antiferromagnetic-like, QSSs with low magnetization. This issue is addressed here in the Vlasov N→∞ limit. It is argued that the time-asymptotic states emerging in the Vlasov limit can be related to simple generic time-asymptotic forms for the force field. The proposed picture unveils the nature of the out-of-equilibrium phase transitions reported for the ferromagnetic HMF: this is a bifurcation point connecting an effective integrable Vlasov one-particle time-asymptotic dynamics to a partly ergodic one which means a brutal open-up of the Vlasov one-particle phase space. Illustration is given by investigating the time-asymptotic value of the magnetization at the phase transition, under the assumption of a sufficiently rapid time-asymptotic decay of the transient force field.
Simulation of open quantum systems

We present an approach for the semiclassical treatment of open quantum systems. An expansion into localized states allows restriction of a simulation to a fraction of the environment that is located within a predefined vicinity of the system. Adding and dropping environmental particles during the simulation yields an effective reduction of the size of the system that is being treated.
Chemical Diversity of Essential Oils from Aerial Parts of Eight Species of Zingiberaceae Family from Vietnam

The objective of this work was to analyze the content and the chemical diversity of the essential oils from the aerial parts of eight species belonging to Zingiberaceae family collected in Binh Chau-Phuoc Buu Nature Reserve, Vietnam. The essential oils were isolated by hydrodistillation and their constituents were investigated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The essential oils from the aerial parts of eight studied species, including Zingiber zerumbet, Zingiber pellitum, Curcuma pierreana, Globba macrocarpa, Globba globulifera, Alpinia conchigera, Stahlianthus campanulatus and Amomum sp. were obtained in a yield of 0.01%, 0.008%, 0.01%, 0.012%, 0.012%, 0.02%, 0.015 and 0.3%, respectively. There were a total of 75 compounds identified from the essential oils obtained from eight studied species. Four main clusters and three subclusters were formed by the cluster analysis. Cluster I consisted of A. conchigera with the presence of β-elemene (51.76%) and caryophyllene (28.1%). Cluster II contained five species, including Z. zerumbet, Z. pellitum, C. pierreana, G. globulifera and S. campanulatus with high concentration of β-pinene (11.81%, 5.32%, 4.43%, 25.42% and 1.57%), caryophyllene (13.61%, 23.45%, 19.78%, 34.26% and 18.72%), caryophyllene oxide (4.66%, 4.00%, 13.65%, 8.15% and 24.69%). Cluster III consisted of G. macrocarpa , and presented 4-isobutylquinoline (24.43%), β-copaene (21.69%), α-farnesene (20.73%), 2-tert-butylquinoline (6.05%), 3-Dihydroxydiphenylamine (5.47%), β-panasinsene (5.13%) as major compounds. Cluster IV contained Amomum sp. and had eucalyptol (25.22%), camphor (24.51%), camphene (14.57%), β-pinene (13.45%), Isoborneol (9.17%), α-Selinene (6.21%) as main constituents.
Synthetic Aperture Radar Radiometric Cross Calibration Based on Distributed Targets

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) radiometric calibration is an essential step in inferring meaningful physical information about the target. The majority of current calibration processes are directly based on artificial calibrators, but the number of calibrators is always restricted. Cross calibration, which has been widely used for optical and meteorological satellites, performs calibration by another calibrated satellite. Distributed targets are used as the calibration reference, allowing for frequent calibration. However, the potential of introducing cross calibration to SAR satellites has not been confirmed, and two issues must be resolved: 1) the number of calibration targets available for cross calibration is limited to a few known distributed targets; 2) the imaging parameters of calibrated and uncalibrated SARs are different, which may cause errors when cross calibration is applied. In this article, a method for selecting stable distributed targets using time-series stability analysis was presented first. The saline–alkali land and urban areas were selected as the calibration targets with low and high backscattering, respectively. Second, different stable pixel extraction methods were adopted based on the characteristics of different targets. Third, the Oh model was used to correct the scattering difference caused by the incidence angle difference, which greatly improved the accuracy of the backscattering coefficients of the calibration targets. The cross calibration experiments on the same series of satellite (Sentinel-1 A/B) data revealed that the accuracy of cross calibration was comparable to the accuracy of the artificial calibrator-based method, with a difference of less than 0.48 dB (1$\sigma$).
Pathological study on the effect of some food additives in male albino rats

The histo and clinicopathological effect of MonoSodium Glutamate (food enhancer) and Sodium MetaBisulfite (food preservatives) on different tissues and organs of male Albino rats were investigated. Eighty male Albino rats (150-180 gm) were divided into 5 groups: control group and 4 groups administrated 30 and 60 mg MSG /kg b.wt; 260 and 520 mg SMB /kg b.wt for 12 weeks per os. Rats were sacrificed at 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks from beginning the experiment. Significant decrease in Hb concentration, PCV, MCV and MCH; and significant increase in RBCs, leukogram, platelet counts, GPT, GOT, BUN, creatinine and total protein were observed in rats administred 30 and 60 mg MSG /kg b.wt. Histopathologically, mild changes were observed in liver, kidney, heart, stomach and intestine. Multifocally, marked degenerative and necrotic changes were seen in the lining epithelium of the seminiferous tubules and neurons particularly in high doses after 8 and 12 weeks post MSG administration. On the other hand, administration of SMB by a dose 260 and 520 mg/kg b.wt resulted in significant increase in Hb, MCH, MCHC, Platelets, total leukocytic counts, GPT, GOT, albumin, BUN and creatinine values. Microscopically, hyperplasia of the biliary epithelium, lymphoid depletion of white pulpe of the spleen and mild degenerative changes in the lining epithelium of the seminiferous tubules, neurons and cardiac muscle were detected. Moderate changes were seen in the renal tissue characterized by degenerative changes in the endothelial cells of glomeruli and renal tubular epithelium with desquamation of the lining epithelial cells and presence of hyaline casts in the lumen. Multifocally, necrotic gastroenteritis with heavy leukocytic infiltration in the lamina propria of the stomach and intestine. In conclusion, the addition of MSG resulted in marked changes in brain and testes while, SMB lead to marked changes in gastrointestinal tract and brain. These changes are dose and time independent in MSG and dose independent only in SMB.
Black hole accretion versus star formation rate: theory confronts observations

We use a suite of hydrodynamical simulations of galaxy mergers to compare star formation rate (SFR) and black hole accretion rate (BHAR) for galaxies before the interaction ('stochastic' phase), during the `merger' proper, lasting ~0.2-0.3 Gyr, and in the `remnant' phase. We calculate the bi-variate distribution of SFR and BHAR and define the regions in the SFR-BHAR plane that the three phases occupy. No strong correlation between BHAR and galaxy-wide SFR is found. A possible exception are galaxies with the highest SFR and the highest BHAR. We also bin the data in the same way used in several observational studies, by either measuring the mean SFR for AGN in different luminosity bins, or the mean BHAR for galaxies in bins of SFR. We find that the apparent contradiction or SFR versus BHAR for observed samples of AGN and star forming galaxies is actually caused by binning effects. The two types of samples use different projections of the full bi-variate distribution, and the full information would lead to unambiguous interpretation. We also find that a galaxy can be classified as AGN-dominated up to 1.5 Gyr after the merger-driven starburst took place. Our study is consistent with the suggestion that most low-luminosity AGN hosts do not show morphological disturbances.
MANGANESE ABUNDANCES IN THE GLOBULAR CLUSTER ω CENTAURI

We present manganese abundances in 10 red giant members of the globular cluster ω Centauri; eight stars are from the most metal-poor population (RGB MP and RGB MInt1) while two targets are members of the more metal-rich groups (RGB MInt2 and MInt3). This is the first time Mn abundances have been studied in this peculiar stellar system. The LTE values of [Mn/Fe] in ω Cen overlap those of Milky Way stars in the metal-poor ω Cen populations ([Fe/H] ∼−1.5 to −1.8), however unlike what is observed in Milky Way halo and disk stars, [Mn/Fe] declines in the two more metal-rich RGB MInt2 and MInt3 targets. Non-LTE calculations were carried out in order to derive corrections to the LTE Mn abundances. The non-LTE results for ω Cen in comparison with the non-LTE [Mn/Fe] versus [Fe/H] trend obtained for the Milky Way confirm and strengthen the conclusion that the manganese behavior in ω Cen is distinct. These results suggest that low-metallicity supernovae (with metallicities ⩽ −2) of either Type II or Type Ia dominated the enrichment of the more metal-rich stars in ω Cen. The dominance of low-metallicity stars in the chemical evolution of ω Cen has been noted previously in the s-process elements where enrichment from metal-poor asymptotic giant branch stars is indicated. In addition, copper, which also has metallicity-dependent yields, exhibits lower values of [Cu/Fe] in the RGB MInt2 and MInt3 ω Cen populations.
An Energy-Efficient Stream-Based FPGA Implementation of Feature Extraction Algorithm for LiDAR Point Clouds With Effective Local-Search

Feature extraction is a fundamental and essential step in light detection and ranging (LiDAR) based simultaneously localization and mapping (SLAM) algorithms. Considering the run-time requirement of feature extraction and the stringent battery constraint in smart vehicles, it is a great challenge to develop fast and highly energy-efficient feature extraction implementation for massive point clouds. Unfortunately, existing implementations not only fail to exploit the available parallelism but also fail to make full use of the local information to optimize the computations. To solve the issue, we propose three novel techniques to achieve a fast and energy-efficient FPGA implementation of the feature extraction algorithm with effective local search. First, we propose a low-complexity projection method and a column-scanning scheduler to organize the irregular and sparse point cloud into a well-organized point cloud matrix. Second, based on the point cloud matrix, we exploit its local information and propose a high-parallel method to detect the coarse-grain feature points. Third, we propose a high-parallel conditional priority queue to progressively and evenly select the fine-grain feature points. Experimental results on the KITTI dataset show that our method implemented on the ZCU104 FPGA board achieves the best accuracy and reaches 584 frames per second (FPS) for the feature extraction of a 64-laser LiDAR’s point cloud. Moreover, our proposal achieves the best energy efficiency, which is on average 11.7 times and 9.0 times higher than the state-of-the-art implementations on the GPU and FPGA platforms, respectively.
THE MOST METAL-POOR DAMPED Lyα SYSTEMS: AN INSIGHT INTO DWARF GALAXIES AT HIGH-REDSHIFT

In this paper we analyze the kinematics, chemistry, and physical properties of a sample of the most metal-poor damped Lyα systems (DLAs), to uncover their links to modern-day galaxies. We present evidence that the DLA population as a whole exhibits a “knee” in the relative abundances of the α-capture and Fe-peak elements when the metallicity is [Fe/H] ≃ −2.0, assuming that Zn traces the buildup of Fe-peak elements. In this respect, the chemical evolution of DLAs is clearly different from that experienced by Milky Way halo stars, but resembles that of dwarf spheroidal galaxies in the Local Group. We also find a close correspondence between the kinematics of Local Group dwarf galaxies and of high-redshift metal-poor DLAs, which further strengthens this connection. On the basis of such similarities, we propose that the most metal-poor DLAs provide us with a unique opportunity to directly study the dwarf galaxy population more than ten billion years in the past, at a time when many dwarf galaxies were forming the bulk of their stars. To this end, we have measured some of the key physical properties of the DLA gas, including their neutral gas mass, size, kinetic temperature, density, and turbulence. We find that metal-poor DLAs contain a warm neutral medium with Tgas ≃ 9600 K predominantly held up by thermal pressure. Furthermore, all of the DLAs in our sample exhibit a subsonic turbulent Mach number, implying that the gas distribution is largely smooth. These results are among the first empirical descriptions of the environments where the first few generations of stars may have formed in the universe.
Disorder effects on electronic bandgap and transport in graphene-nanomesh-based structures

Using atomistic quantum simulation based on a tight binding model, we investigate the formation of electronic bandgap Eg of graphene nanomesh (GNM) lattices and the transport characteristics of GNM-based electronic devices (single potential barrier structure and p-n junction) including the atomic edge disorder of holes. We find that the sensitivity of Eg to the lattice symmetry (i.e., the lattice orientation and the hole shape) is significantly suppressed in the presence of disorder. In the case of strong disorder, the dependence of Eg on the neck width fits well with the scaling rule observed in experiments [Liang et al., Nano Lett. 10, 2454 (2010)]. Considering the transport characteristics of GNM-based structures, we demonstrate that the use of finite GNM sections in the devices can efficiently improve their electrical performance (i.e., high ON/OFF current ratio, good current saturation, and negative differential conductance behaviors). Additionally, if the length of GNM sections is suitably chosen, t.
Semiclassical excited-state signatures of quantum phase transitions in spin chains with variable-range interactions

We study the excitation spectrum of a family of transverse-field spin chain models with variable interaction range and arbitrary spin $S$, which in the case of $S=1/2$ interpolates between the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick and the Ising model. For any finite number $N$ of spins, a semiclassical energy manifold is derived in the large-$S$ limit employing bosonization methods, and its geometry is shown to determine not only the leading-order term but also the higher-order quantum fluctuations. Based on a multi-configurational mean-field ansatz, we obtain the semiclassical backbone of the quantum spectrum through the extremal points of a series of one-dimensional energy landscapes -- each one exhibiting a bifurcation when the external magnetic field drops below a threshold value. The obtained spectra become exact in the limit of vanishing or very strong external, transverse magnetic fields. Further analysis of the higher-order corrections in $1/\sqrt{2S}$ enables us to analytically study the dispersion relations of spin-wave excitations around the semiclassical energy levels. Within the same model, we are able to investigate quantum bifurcations, which occur in the semiclassical ($S\gg 1$) limit, and quantum phase transitions, which are observed in the thermodynamic ($N\rightarrow\infty$) limit.
Spitzer Infrared Spectrograph Observations of Magellanic Cloud Planetary Nebulae: The Nature of Dust in Low-Metallicity Circumstellar Ejecta

We present 5-40 μm spectroscopy of 41 planetary nebulae (PNe) in the Magellanic Clouds, observed with the Infrared Spectrograph on board the Spitzer Space Telescope. The spectra show the presence of a combination of nebular emission lines and solid state features from dust, superimposed on the thermal IR continuum. By analyzing the 25 LMC and 16 SMC PNe in our sample we found that the IR spectra of 14 LMC and four SMC PNe are dominated by nebular emission lines, while the other spectra show solid state features. We observed that the solid state features are compatible with carbon-rich dust grains (SiC, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons [PAHs], etc.) in all cases but three PNe, which show oxygen-rich dust features. The frequency of carbonaceous dust features is generally higher in LMC than in SMC PNe. The spectral analysis allowed the correlations of the dust characteristics with the gas composition and morphology, and the properties of the central stars. We found that (1) all PNe with carbonaceous dust features have C/O > 1, none of these being bipolar or otherwise highly asymmetric; (2) all PNe with oxygen-rich dust features have C/O < 1, with probable high-mass progenitors if derived from single-star evolution (these PNe are either bipolar or highly asymmetric); (3) the dust temperature tracks the nebular and stellar evolution; and (4) the dust production efficiency depends on metallicity, with low-metallicity environments not favoring dust production.
Finite-Time Control of High-Speed Train With Guaranteed Steady-State and Transient Performance

With considering the inevitable factors of input nonlinearity, aerodynamic resistance, in-train force, external disturbance and unknown actuator failures, this paper investigates the position/velocity finite-time tracking control problem of high-speed train (HST) to improve the steady-state (tracking accuracy) and transient performance (overshoot and settling time) of the traction/braking control system. Since the traction/braking control system of HST requires rapid reaction speed to ensure the safe and reliable operation, an integer-order finite-time controller (IO-FTC) is developed firstly by utilizing finite-time control theory to improve the system transient performance. On the basis of ensuring the system transient performance, a fractional-order finite-time controller (FO-FTC) is designed by using the fractional stability principle and fractional integral to further improve the system steady-state performance and its robustness and anti-jamming capability. It should be noted that both IO-FTC and FO-FTC are essentially independent of the system model and can produce proper traction/braking force with only the actual and desired position/velocity of the leading vehicle. And the settling time of the system can be adjusted through the selection of different control parameters. The feasibility and effectiveness of the designed controllers are verified by theoretical analysis and simulation studies. And the developed methods are compared with the PID controller. Simulation results make it clear that the proposed methods are superior to PID.
The role of media television to emerge patriotism during conflict: evidence from Palestine TV

Drawing upon observations regarding the crisis in Palestine, media is sometimes the only source of information consumed by society. This raises the critical question of how the Palestinian state media generates awareness of societal issues, such as the patriotism of citizens as a sense of devotion to one’s country. This study examines whether the state media TV in Palestine contributes to existing patriotism because such a contribution should be explored separately. For this purpose, we first analyse the strategies employed by Palestine TV in delivering news during the period 2020–2021. Second, we examine whether the information framed in the state media effectively promotes Palestinian patriotism to the target audience. To discuss this issue, we use agenda-setting theories through the first level, wherein we describe the power of media to persuade viewers, influence public opinion and construct a hierarchy of being patriotic. The results revealed that the news portrayed on Palestine TV enhanced Palestinian patriotism. This finding implies that media can augment citizens’ views on patriotism. This study provides insights into future investigations on the role of media in the time of crisis particularly related to the Israeli occupation in Palestine and the impacts of its occupation on Palestinians.
Ultraviolet and Infrared Divergences in Implicit Regularization: A Consistent Approach

Implicit Regularization is a four-dimensional regularization initially conceived to treat ultraviolet divergences. It has been successfully tested in several instances in the literature, more specifically in those where Dimensional Regularization does not apply. In the present contribution, we extend the method to handle infrared divergences as well. We show that the essential steps which rendered Implicit Regularization adequate in the case of ultraviolet divergences have their counterpart for infrared ones. Moreover, we show that a new scale appears, typically an infrared scale which is completely independent of the ultraviolet one. Examples are given.
New Galactic Wolf-Rayet stars, and candidates. An annex to The VIIth Catalogue of Galactic Wolf-Ra

This paper gathers, from the literature and private communication, 72 new Galactic Population I Wolf-Rayet stars and 17 candidate WCLd stars, recognized and/or discovered after the publication of The VIIth Catalogue of Galactic Wolf-Rayet Stars. This brings the total number of known Galactic Wolf-Rayet stars to 298, of which 24 (8%) are in open cluster Westerlund 1, and 60 (20%) are in open clusters near the Galactic Center.