Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sleep Disordered Breathing and Heart Failure and the Role of Pacing and Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy

: Sleep Disordered Breathing and Heart Failure and the Role of Pacing and Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy. At least 20% of hospital admissions among persons older than 65 are due to heart failure (HF). 1 In 1993, there were 875,000 hospitalizations in the United States with the first listed discharge diagnosis as HF, and about 2.5 million had it listed as an associated condition. 2 Approximately 60 percent of health care expenditures for HF were for hospital care. There were three million office visits annually for HF at a cost of 3 billion dollars per year. Despite the advances of pharmacological therapies, revascularization procedures, device therapies and meticulous cardiac surgical techniques in the last decade, the short and long term mortality of this condition remains high. In the population based sample from the Framingham Heart Study, the one year mortality among men and women was 28 percent and 24 percent and five year mortality was 59 percent in men and 45 percent in women respectively. 3 Unfortunately, much of our understanding and management of heart failure have been focused on while the patient is awake. Relatively little attention is paid to the pathophysiological sequelae of heart failure that occur nocturnally. "Nocturnal" management of heart failure may have an important impact. The purpose of this article is to review the pathogenesis and management of heart failure through management of sleep related breathing disorder. (J HK Coll Cardiol 2006;14:6-15)
The Effect of Capacitors on Frequency Response Amplifier IC TDA2030 as Band-Pass Filter

Amplifier is used as an input waveform amplifier by increasing the voltage using an IC power supply. TDA2030 is an amplifier IC with an Output Transformer Less (OTL) type. The amplifier can operate with a voltage of 12 Volt, 1.5 Ampere. The circuit design process uses Proteus software with a universal reference to the TDA2030 datasheet. Proteus experimental results can be seen by simulating the frequency response. Frequency response tests were carried out to obtain filter used for assemble the circuit to produce an ideal Band-pass filter. Then using Digital Oscilloscope, we can observe difference between waves getting emphasis and those they are not. The objective of this study is to determine the value of capacitor C3 with a good (frequency cut low). Changing value of C3 can produce the desired BPF output. In the experiment, capacitor C3 0.1uf obtained emphasizes low frequencies between 0-250 Hz. Values of C3 with good BPF 47uf and 100uf because the output produced good bass frequency and is suitable for use because the emphasis occurs between 0-5 Hz. On the amplifier IC TDA2030 has made, capacitor C3 with values 47uf and 100uf ideal to be used as BPF because the filter works in a balanced way.
Analysis and Enlightenment of Teaching Characteristics of the Applied Technology-Oriented Universities in the UK

Aiming at the transformation and development trend of local colleges and universities in China, this paper takes the University of Huddersfield as an example to study the undergraduate education of applied technology-oriented universities in the UK. And it analyzes the teaching guiding ideology, teaching theory, educational idea and orientation, professional standards and certifications, curriculum and evaluation, student internships and employment, teaching and scientific research of teachers. All of these provide valuable reference for the transformation and development of local colleges and universities in China. Keywords—applied technology-oriented; undergraduate education; transformation and development; the United Kingdom; learning paradigm
Anti-Sway Tracking Control of Overhead Crane System Based on Pid and Fuzzy Sliding Mode Control

The paper presents a PID – Fuzzy Sliding Mode contr ol (PID-FSMC) algorithm for overhead crane system to guarantee anti-sway trajec tory tracking of the nominal plant. The proposed PID-FSMC law guarantees the closed-loop as ymptotical stability as well as improve S the transient response of the load sway dynamics wh en t e trolley is moving. The simulation results confirm the propriety of the proposed contr lle and show great promise of the controller application in practice. Besides, to confirm the co ntr ller’s application ability, we installed some propositional algorithms into a real system in labo r t ry.
ESB Keynote LectureFDublin 2000 An introduction to biofluid mechanicsFbasic models and applications

Cardiovascular disease is the primary cause of morbidity and mortality in the western world. Complex hemodynamics play a critical role in the development of atherosclerosis and the processes of aging, as well as many other disease processes. Biofluid mechanics play a major role in the cardiovascular system and it is important to understand the forces and movement of blood cells and whole blood as well as the interaction between blood cells and the vessel wall. Fundamental fluid mechanical, which are important for the understanding of the blood flow in the cardiovascular circulatory system of the human body aspects are presented. Measurement techniques for model studies such as LDA, ultrasound, and MRI studies will be discussed. Viscosity and flow behavior changes specifically the creation of vortices and flow disturbances can be used to show how medication can influence flow behavior. Experiments have shown that hemodynamics may have a strong influence on the creation of aneurysms and varicose veins. Other factors such as vessel wall structure are also important. In preliminary studies, it has been demonstrated that geometry and elasticity of vessel walls help determine flow behavior. High velocity fluctuations indicate flow disturbances that should be avoided. Health care practitioners must understand fluid dynamic factors such as flow rate ratio, pressure and velocity gradients, and flow behavior, velocity distribution, shear stress on the wall and on blood cells. These mechanical factors are largely responsible for the deposit of blood cells and lipids, a leading cause of atherosclerosis. The interaction between blood cells and of the cells with the vessel, leads to the formation of plaques and agglomerations. These deposits are found predominantly at arterial bends and bifurcations where blood flow is disturbed, where a secondary flow is created, and where flow separation regions are found. Experiments on hemodynamic effects in elastic silicon rubber models of the cardiovascular system with flow wire, stents, or patches for vessel surgery will be discussed. These studies can be important in improving diagnostics and therapeutic applications. r 2002 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.
Nanotechnology‐enhanced edible coating application on climacteric fruits

Abstract Climacteric fruits continue to ripen after harvest and produce ethylene, coupled with an increase in respiration rate, which contributes to more rapid perishability. Inhibition of ethylene biosynthesis has been shown to be an efficient way to delay the onset of ripening and lengthen shelf life. The use of edible materials as coatings presents an efficient approach in preserving the quality of fruits. Edible coatings have many benefits, such as affordability, ease of application, and use of natural ingredients. Nanotechnology provides interesting approaches to the management of fruit shelf life after harvest. Nanotechnology has the capacity of producing new materials by minimizing the size of components to a nanometric level. These kinds of nanomaterials possess distinct and improved properties for delaying fruit ripening and decay. The main goal of adding nanoparticles to edible coatings is to enhance the biopolymer's mechanical and water vapor barrier properties. Nanoparticles also contain biopolymer‐like features and are thought to have superior antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral properties than edible coatings. This review is aimed at summarizing recent findings on the application of edible coatings in the form of nanoparticles, and their effect on quality parameters and shelf life extension of climacteric fruits. Peer‐reviewed articles were obtained by using Scopus and science direct. The current materials widely used for coating climacteric fruits are zinc, silver and chitosan nanoparticles. Zinc nanoparticles have been shown to be more effective in delaying ripening significantly by reducing weight and moisture loss and ensuring retention of fruit firmness. Further research is needed to understand their effect on other physicochemical properties of fruits.
Functional and Taxonomic Overlap in Shore Fish Assemblages in a Tropical Seascape

The relationships between shore fish assemblages from habitats neighboring coral reefs have received little attention in the Indo-Pacific. The present study is based on the extensive sampling (539,000 fish; 898 taxa) of three fish assemblages: reefs, mangroves, and soft-bottoms in a large bay of New Caledonia. Species area curves indicate that sampling was nearly exhaustive in all three habitats (262 species in mangroves, 342 on soft-bottoms, 594 on reefs). Combinations of life-history traits were used as proxies of ecological functions. The species and functional overlaps were highest between soft-bottoms and mangroves and lowest between mangroves and reefs. These overlaps were lower than most recent studies in the Indo-Pacific, a result probably linked to the extent of the sampling in the present study. The life-history traits of species found exclusively in one habitat as opposed to several habitats were not a random selection within the species pool. Overlapping species were mostly large species that fed on nekton, large invertebrates, or plankton; exclusive species were mostly sedentary, solitary, and of small size, except for plankton-feeding species, which mostly had large home ranges and formed large schools. Herbivores were seldom found in several habitats. Functional redundancy was correlated to species richness, and was highest in reef fish assemblages. Functions common to several habitats had very seldom the same relative redundancy, implying that these functions had not the same importance for each assemblage. Functions exclusive to one habitat generally had low redundancy. These functional attributes and species overlap suggest that these three assemblages have a low level of interaction, despite the fact that they share extensive boundaries. These findings may have important applications in the management of shore fish assemblages.
Chipped and ground stone implements from the Middle Neolithic site of Polgár 31 (north-east Hungary)

The site of Polgar 31 (Ferenci-hat) is situated on the left bank of the Upper Tisza, within the so-called “Polgar Island”. The site consists of single features dated at the Alfold Linear Pottery Culture (ALP) I-III, while the majority of features belong to the youngest phase (ALP IV) attached to the Bukk Culture. Our analysis focuses on both the chipped stone and the ground stone implements. The most important raw material used for the chipped stone industry of ALP IV phase was obsidian, followed by limno-hydroquartzites. Extra local raw materials played a minor role. Both in the case of obsidian as well as limnohydroquartzites on-site production was limited, while most artefacts were produced off-site. The structure of retouched tools shows that end-scrapers dominate slightly over marginally retouched blades. The most commonly exploited raw material in the ground stone industry were various types of rhyolites deriving from the areas 40 to 50 km north of the site. Among tools predominate implements related to food preparation such as a variety of grinding stones, pestles, grinders etc. As part of rituals these tools were destroyed. Sometimes the fragments were used for crushing mineral dyes. Both: fragments of ground stone as well as chipped stone tools occur also in the graves.
RADAR ABSORBING MATERIALS: THE STUDY OF FUNCTIONALIZED CARBON NANOTUBES BEHAVIOR ON THE ATTENUATION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES IN X-BAND

: Carbon nanotubes (CNT) were functionalized with ethanol, nitric and sulfuric acid. From the obtained nanocomposites, electrical permittivity, magnetic permeability and reflectivity complex parameters were studied in the frequency range of 8.2 to 12.4 GHz (X-band). The results of reflectivity for nanocomposites, functionalized with CNT, showed an attenuation of - 21 dB and -18 dB, at the frequency of 10.4 GHz and 12.4 GHz, respectively, with approximately 99% of attenuation, demonstrating, then, that they are promising for application as Radar Absorbing Materials (RAM).
The new German ‘fracking’ package

Germany is a relative late-comer among its European peers when it comes to hydraulic fracturing and shale gas regulations. It was not until February 2017 that Germany’s new regulations in this field took effect. This article analyses the main features of the new German ‘fracking’ regulations, situates them in the context of European Union law on unconventional gas and provides background information on the evolution of European and German ‘fracking’ regulation. It critically assesses the six core features of the German ‘fracking’ package and concludes that considerable issues and incoherencies in the formulations might lead to successful legal challenges of the package by the industry.
Understanding the influence of emotional solidarity, positive emotions and loneliness on senior tourists’ willingness to sojourn with companions

ABSTRACT This study explores senior tourists' willingness to sojourn with companions and their emotional solidarity with residents. Interviews were conducted to gain insights into their previous travel experiences, preferences and behavioral intention when traveling with companions and their emotional solidarity with residents. Applying a grounded theory approach, this study found that senior tourists' emotional solidarity with residents includes three categories: identity perception, emotional closeness and feeling welcome which influence the formation of positive emotions such as curiosity, trust and happiness. The study also acknowledges the effects of loneliness on the elderly when they desire to sojourn with companions.
Design exploration of electro-pneumatic pumps (EPPs) to obtain high pressure and air flow rate improvement

The Electro-pneumatic Pump (EPP) is a lightweight, flexible electrostatic pump that uses a dielectric-liquidamplified zipping mechanism to control air volume and pressure and generate high air flow rate. In previous studies, the EPP, made of rectangular insulated electrodes, was capable of inflating/deflating pneumatic actuators and operating as a low power soft pump. This article explores a range of designs for the EPP electrodes to increase pressure generation, air transference and flow rate. As a result, the new EPP was able to generate a maximum pressure of 12.24 kPa, or a pressure difference of 11.25 kPa, corresponding to 481% improvement from the previous study. Additional liquid dielectric at 18% of the maximum available volume enabled the EPP to attain maximum EPP performance. The new design of the EPP was developed by combining two identical zipping regions and minimising the inactive region. Different actuator dimensions and actuation frequencies were investigated. The pump was capable of delivering a maximum flow rate of 238 ml/min at atmospheric pressure (48% improvement) at low power consumption of 0.4 Watt, and it could operate up to 4.47 kPa. It was found that the shape of the zipping region and the behaviour of the integrated compliant spring significantly influences the performance of the device. Lastly, approaches to further improve the EPP pump are discussed.
Dual Boost Five-Level Switched-Capacitor Inverter With Common Ground

This brief presents a five-level common ground type (5L-CGT) inverter topology with double voltage boosting. This topology uses only eight switches, two capacitors that can be charged equal to the input source. The advantageous feature of this topology is the CGT configuration between the input source and output load, which ensures minimal common-mode voltage and leakage current. A detailed analysis is done to select and size capacitors, along with quasi-soft charging to minimize the charging current ripples across the capacitors. The performance of the proposed 5L-CGT inverter is tested for inductive load, varying the modulation index/load/input voltage under experimental test conditions. A detailed comparison is done with the existing state-of-art that shows the merits of the proposed topology in terms of equal voltage stress across the capacitor with voltage boost. The power loss analysis for the inverter is carried out using PLECS with efficiency to be 97.20%, and the experimental efficiency is found to be 96.54% for the 900W inverter prototype.
Piecewise variable parameter model for precise analysis of iron losses in induction motors

This study proposes a two-term piecewise variable parameter model for precise prediction of iron losses in induction motors. In this model, two additional flux density terms reflect the non-linear magnetisation and the harmonic fields in the motors, and the main loss parameters are piecewisely variable with the magnitude and frequency of flux density, so that higher accuracy of iron loss prediction can be achieved for a large range of flux density frequencies and magnitudes. Meanwhile, the fine analysis of the fundamental and harmonic iron losses can also be carried out with the proposed model, and the influence of the harmonic fields on the hysteresis and eddy current losses can be revealed. Experimental validations are carried out on the laminated steels, DR510 and DW470, as well as, the Y132S-4, 5.5 kW and YX3-250M-4, 55 kW induction motors whose cores are made of the above steels. The experiments on the motors are performed with the voltage supply of different magnitudes, and both the proposed model and Bertotti model are used to predict the iron losses. It is shown that the iron losses predicted by the proposed model agree well with the test results over a wide range of supply voltages. This study contributes the technical support for the development of new premium efficiency motors.
A novel, bioinspired, non-Newtonian energy absorption medium for the protection of composite laminates under low velocity impact (LVI)

Sea cucumbers, marine animals members of the Echinoderms family, will react to an external stimulus by rapidly and reversibly increasing their skin stiffness in order to protect themselves [1-3]. This mechanism has been the source of inspiration for the development of a protective smart layer able to improve the impact resistance of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) laminates. By exploiting a dynamic and autonomous phase transition, this novel, non-Newtonian medium acts as a protective layer on the surface of a laminate by changing its mechanical properties in response to an external stimulus, preventing impact damage such as delamination and microcracks. Low Velocity Impact (LVI) tests were employed at an energetic level of 15 J, to assess the energy absorption characteristics of the protective multi-layered coatings which were compared to an uncoated CFRP laminate. Results from LVI indicated that the proposed smart layers are able to modify the way the energy is distributed during the impact event, due to a dynamic transition between a viscous and rubbery phase of the embedded non-Newtonian material. These data were further confirmed by ultrasonic C-Scan analyses which showed an average reduction of 60% of the extent of the internal damage in comparison with the CFRPs laminates. These results demonstrate that the proposed medium possess unique energy absorption characteristics, thus providing an innovative solution for the protection of CFRP laminates in primary load-bearing applications where they might be subjected to out-of-plane impacts, such as in aerospace or railways components.
Effect of Including Fermented Feather Meal as Substitution of Concentrate in the Basal Diet With Different Levels on the Performance of Landrace Crossbred Pigs

The study aimed to evaluate the effect of adding fermented feather mael (FFM) on pigs' performance, intake, and digestibility. There were 16 landrace crossbred pigs 2-3 months old with 6-19 kg (average 13.59 kg; CV= 29.59%) initial body weights used in the study. Trial method using complete block design 4 treatments with 4 replicates procedure was applied in the study. The 4 treatment feeds were formulated as: R0: basal diet with 100% concentrate without TBAT (control); R1: basal diet with 90% concentrate + 10% FFM; R2: basal diet with 80% concentrate + 20% FFM; and R3: basal diet with 70% concentrate + 30% FFM. Variables evaluated were feed intake, daily weight gain and feed conversion (performance) landrace crossbred pigs. Statistical analysis shows no significant (P>0.05) on feed intake, daily weight gain and feed conversion. The conclusion were that that including FFM into basal diet gave relative the same results in the feed intake, daily weight gain and feed conversion.
Epigenetic Effect of Maternal Methyl-Group Donor Intake on Offspring’s Health and Disease

Maternal exposure to some dietary and environmental factors during embryonic development can affect offspring’s phenotype and, furthermore, the risk of developing diseases later in life. One potential mechanism responsible for this early programming may be the modification of the epigenome, such as DNA methylation. Methyl-group donors are essential for DNA methylation and are shown to have an important role in fetal development and later health. The main goal of the present review is to summarize the available literature data on the epigenetic effect (DNA methylation) of maternal methyl-group donor availability on reproductivity, perinatal outcome, and later health of the offspring. In our literature search, we found evidence for the association between alterations in DNA methylation patterns caused by different maternal methyl-group donor (folate, choline, methionine, betaine) intake and reproductivity, birth weight, neural tube defect, congenital heart defect, cleft lip and palate, brain development, and the development of obesity and associated non-communicable diseases in later life. We can conclude that maternal methyl-group donor availability could affect offspring’s health via alterations in DNA methylation and may be a major link between early environmental exposure and the development of diseases in the offspring. However, still, further studies are necessary to confirm the associations and causal relationships.
In Silico Screening of Natural Compounds for Candidates 5HT6 Receptor Antagonists against Alzheimer’s Disease

Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a devastating neurodegenerative disease, is the focus of pharmacological research. One of the targets that attract the most attention for the potential therapy of AD is the serotonin 5HT6 receptor, which is the receptor situated exclusively in CNS on glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons. The neurochemical impact of this receptor supports the hypothesis about its role in cognitive, learning, and memory systems, which are of critical importance for AD. Natural products are a promising source of novel bioactive compounds with potential therapeutic potential as a 5HT6 receptor antagonist in the treatment of AD dementia. The ZINC—natural product database was in silico screened in order to find the candidate antagonists of 5-HT6 receptor against AD. A virtual screening protocol that includes both short-and long-range interactions between interacting molecules was employed. First, the EIIP/AQVN filter was applied for in silico screening of the ZINC database followed by 3D QSAR and molecular docking. Ten best candidate compounds were selected from the ZINC Natural Product database as potential 5HT6 Receptor antagonists and were proposed for further evaluation. The best candidate was evaluated by molecular dynamics simulations and free energy calculations.