Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fluctuating Number of Energy Levels in Mixed-Type Lemon Billiards

In this paper, the fluctuation properties of the number of energy levels (mode fluctuation) are studied in the mixed-type lemon billiards at high lying energies. The boundary of the lemon billiards is defined by the intersection of two circles of equal unit radius with the distance 2B between the centers, as introduced by Heller and Tomsovic. In this paper, the case of two billiards, defined by B=0.1953,0.083, is studied. It is shown that the fluctuation of the number of energy levels follows the Gaussian distribution quite accurately, even though the relative fraction of the chaotic part of the phase space is only 0.28 and 0.16, respectively. The theoretical description of spectral fluctuations in the Berry–Robnik picture is discussed. Also, the (golden mean) integrable rectangular billiard is studied and an almost Gaussian distribution is obtained, in contrast to theory expectations. However, the variance as a function of energy, E, behaves as E, in agreement with the theoretical prediction by Steiner.
Reversible wavelet compression for digital angiograms

The choice of filter bank in wavelet compression is an important issue that affects image quality. This paper presents the results of an on-going research project into digital angiogram compression. Several reversible biorthogonal wavelet transforms with perfect reconstruction and linear phase are applied to digital angiograms and their performances are compared. It is found that biorthogonal wavelet transforms produce higher compression ratios than orthogonal transforms with similar image quality.
Launch management of a global IT-system-A case study at Volvo Cars Customer Service

This thesis focuses on the launch of a global IT-system within the automotive industry. When searching for and studying the literature in the area of launch and launch management, we found that this area was clearly under-researched. Also, the studies done in the launch area are mainly quantitative by nature, which called for a qualitative approach that could lead to a conceptual framework for how such a launch should be done. As many authors conclude, the launch process is the single most costly step in new product development, which implies that more knowledge about this area would be most valuable. We have been examining the launch process regarding an IT-system at Volvo Cars Customer Service called VADIS2004 from a qualitative point of view. The roadmap that we produced focus on critical success factors and the management of the whole launch process. The most important issues in the management of a launch that we found during our empirical and theoretical studies, was the creation of a Launch Management roadmap. Creating and using such a roadmap would facilitate the work of launch management and could be used in similar industrial settings. Also, we found that the steps actually included together with the internal structure of these steps in the roadmap to be crucial. This in order for the launch manager to get a good and necessary overview of how the work should be carried out. Implementing a launch control plan would help managing the risks that are found in the launch process. Last but not least, important is also the organization’s built-in awareness of managing previous launch experience in a planned way, being that of the learnloop. This to seek the benefits such as decrease in time, cost savings and lowering the chance of risks to occur.
Late Holocene Climate Changes in the Altai Region Based on a First High‐Resolution Biomarker Isotope Record From Lake Khar Nuur

The Late Holocene marks a substantial cultural and economic transition in the eastern Eurasian Steppe and Altai Region with the dispersal of nomadic pastoralism. So far, paleoclimate conditions during this time remain unclear and controversial. Here, we present a high‐resolution 4.2 ka paleoclimate record from Lake Khar Nuur in the Mongolian Altai that is based on lake sediment proxies and biomarker compound‐specific δ2H analyses. Our results document increased aridity before ∼3.7 cal. ka BP, followed by two pronounced phases of warm and wet conditions from ∼3.5–2.8 to ∼2.3–1.5 cal. ka BP, and a strong increase in aridity since ∼1.5 cal. ka BP. Phases of warmer and wetter conditions coincide with a negative North Atlantic Oscillation, which has been responsible for advecting moisture into the region by more southerly‐displaced Westerlies and possibly favored the expansion of mobile nomadic pastoralism in the region.
Increasing the Time Connected to Already Deployed 802.11 Wireless Networks while Traveling by Subway

In the last decades the restless evolution of information and communication technologies (ICT) brought to a deep transformation of our habits. The growth of the Internet and the advances in hardware and software implementations modiﬁed our way to communicate and to share information. In this book, an overview of the major issues faced today by researchers in the ﬁeld of radio communications is given through 35 high quality chapters written by specialists working in universities and research centers all over the world. Various aspects will be deeply discussed: channel modeling, beamforming, multiple antennas, cooperative networks, opportunistic scheduling, advanced admission control, handover management, systems performance assessment, routing issues in mobility conditions, localization, web security. Advanced techniques for the radio resource management will be discussed both in single and multiple radio technologies; either in infrastructure, mesh or ad hoc networks.
Fatigue analysis of welded components : designer's guide to the structural hot-spot stress approach (IIW-1430-00)

Preface Abstract 1. Introduction 1.1 General 1.2 Safety aspects 2. The Structural Hot Spot Stress Approach to Fatigue Analysis 2.1 Field of application 2.2 Types of hot spot 2.3 Definition of the structural stress at a Type 'a' hot spot 2.4 Use of stress concentration factors 2.5 Effect of component size on the fatigue resistance 3. Experimental Determination of the Structural Hot Spot Stress 3.1 General 3.2 Type 'a' hot spots 3.3 Type 'b' hot spots 4. Structural Hot Spot Stress Determination Using Finite Element Analysis 4.1 General 4.2 Choice of element type 4.3 Methods for determination of structural hot spot stress 4.4 Use of relatively coarse element meshing for analysing Type 'a' hot spots 4.5 Use of relatively fine element meshing for analysing Type 'a' hot spots 4.6 Modelling fillet welds in shell element models for analysing Type 'a' hot spots 4.7 Analysis of Type 'b' hot spots 5. Parametric Formulae 5.1 Misalignment 5.2 Structural discontinuities 6. Structural Hot Spot S-N Curves 6.1 General principles 6.2 Recommended S-N curves 7. Case Study 1: Box Beam of a Railway Wagon 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Materials and methods 7.3 Results 7.4 Discussion and conclusions 8. Case Study 2: Hatch Corner Design for Container Ships 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Materials and methods 8.3 Fatigue assessment 8.4 Conclusion References Appendix 1: Symbols Appendix 2: A2.4 References A2.1 Need for enhanced accuracy A2.2 Alternative procedures for enhanced accuracy A2.3 Quadratic extrapolation Appendix 3: References Appendix 4: Hot Spot S-N Curves for Welded Aluminium Components
Near-infrared spectroscopy in food science and technology

Preface. Acknowledgments. Contributors. Chapter 1: Introduction (W. Fred McClure). Chapter 2. Principles of Molecular Vibrations for Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (C. Sandorfy, R. Buchet, and G. Lachenal). Chapter 3: Spectral Analysis (Yukihiro Ozaki, Shigeaki Morita, and Yiping Du). CHAPTER 4: INSTRUMENTATION. 4.1. Instruments (W. F. McClure and Satoru Tsuchikawa). 4.2. Time-of-Flight Spectroscopy (Satoru Tsuchikawa and W. Fred McClure). 4.3. NIR Imaging and its Applications to Agricultural and Food Engineering (E. Neil Lewis, Janie Dubois, and Linda H. Kidder). Chapter 5: Sampling Techniques (Satoru Tsuchikawa). Chapter 6: Latent-Variable Analysis of Multivariate Data in Infrared Spectrometry (Alfred A. Christy and Olav M. Kvalheim). CHAPTER 7: APPLICATIONS TO AGRICULTURAL AND MARINE PRODUCTS. 7.1. Grains and Seeds (Phil Williams). 7.2. Fruits and Vegetables (Sirinnapa Saranwong and Sumio Kawano). 7.3. Meat and Fish Products (Tomas Isaksson and Vegard H. Segtnan). CHAPTER 8: APPLICATIONS TO FOODSTUFFS. 8.1. Flours and Breads (Brian G. Osborne). 8.2. Cereal Foods (Sandra E. Kays and Franklin E. Barton, II). 8.3. Livestock Animal By-Products (D. Cozzolino). 8.4. Dairy Products (R. Giangiacomo and T.M.P. Cattaneo). CHAPTER 9: OTHER TOPICS. 9.1. Fermentation Engineering (Takuo Yano). 9.2. On-Line Analysis in Food Engineering (Kathryn A. Lee). 9.3. Disease Diagnosis Related to Food Safety in Dairy (Roumiana Tsenkova). INDEX.
Phantom Sources Applied to Stereo-Base Widening

A stereo-base widening system producing a good effect, achievable with a simple analog circuit as well as with a digital one, is presented. The system is derived from a combination of the traditional approach using head-related transfer functions (HRTFs), and by using a simple model where ideal loudspeakers and an acoustically transparent subject's head are assumed. Both the HRTF approach and the simple model are discussed, and some special cases for the latter are considered. Merging these models with some experimentally determined adaptations led to a practical widening system. The system produces a pleasant and natural sound, particularly for voices and normal mixed stereo recordings. The widening circuit is tuned in such a way that for common stereo recordings it gives the same tonal balance as conventional stereo reproduction. For sound effects as in action movies, the system produces extreme effects, which was a deliberate design goal of the system.
The benefits of structured training on manufacturing process ramp-up : a process based cost model approach

Manufacturing facilities ramping up a new production process are faced with critical decisions, which determine the ability of that process to be cost efficient. Without quantitative analyses, these decisions are made with limited data and may cause manufacturing problems. Two critical decisions are examined in this research: what level of structured training to provide to employees and what cycle time to run when compared with the long-term optimal cycle time. By examining these decisions and their impact on two production metrics, unplanned equipment downtime and reject rate, a series of analyses are presented. A framework for conducting analyses is developed using Process Based Cost Modeling. This framework is applied to various automobile part manufacturing processes. The results indicate that production experience is critical for reducing the two performance metrics of unplanned downtime and reject rate. Additional analyses indicate that to achieve the best cycle times, a significant investment in structured training should be provided. Analytically determining the optimal cycle time is critical to improving production ramp-up because costs increase when running other cycle times. Future work would apply this framework to other manufacturing processes and gather additional data on the processes examined here. Thesis Supervisor: Richard Roth Thesis Supervisor’s Title: Director, Materials Systems Laboratory Thesis Supervisor: Randolph E. Kirchain, Jr. Thesis Supervisor’s Title: Assistant Professor of Materials Science &Engineering and Engineering Systems Thesis Supervisor: Frank R. Field III Thesis Supervisor’s Title: Senior Research Engineer, Center for Technology, Policy, & Industrial Development
Using stakeholder and power analysis and BCPs in multi-stakeholder processes

Multi-stakeholder processes (MSPs) advocates often argue that, because of the interdependence of takeholders in solving complex issues, MSPs create trust-based relations that enable the empowered and active articipation of all stakeholders. However, the distribution of power, capacity and resources is generally imbalanced. Power differences are embedded in the social fabric of society and can be reproduced, or even reinforced, in an MSP. Even if participants are willing to engage in dialogue on an equal basis, there are still differences in the level of experience, access to resources and information. Failure to recognise power dynamics can prevent the joint learning and innovative solutions which one would expect as outcomes of a good MSP, and the result will not reflect the interests and needs of less powerful stakeholders, often those representing the grassroots. The authors discuss how local action researchers are supporting communities to analyse power in MSPs so that they can learn how to engage effectively with and influence processes that involve more powerful actors. They outline some of the tools which can be used in this analysis, using an example from Lamu, Kenya.
UniServe Science narrows the field

With the increased use of computers in education it is essential that educators use this technology to enhance student learning. To do this effectively the technology must cater for different learning styles and support the processes students use when they learn. In order to assimilate the new information correctly and gain a broad understanding of it the student needs repeated exposure to variations of the concept and must be actively involved in the learning process. Computer-based images, both still and moving, can be used to provide an environment in which this can occur. For example, interfacing equipment in the laboratory allows the students to conduct 'what if' scenarios with lab exercises; plotting software allows students to plot several variations of a function; and science microworlds (or simulations) enable students to explore a particular problem area by inventing their own activities and experimenting, testing and revising hypotheses.
The homeowner view of thinning methods for fire hazard reduction: more positive than many think

With the focus of the National Fire Plan on decreasing fire risk in the wildland-urban interface, fire managers are increasingly tasked with reducing the fuel load in areas where mixed public and private ownership and a growing number of homes can make most fuel reduction methods problematic at best. In many of these intermix areas, use of prescribed burning will be difficult, and it is likely that thinning will be the dominant method for fuel load reduction. Yet little research has been done on acceptability of different thinning methods, and the current understanding is based primarily on accepted conventional wisdom. A limited number of surveys found that two-thirds of respondents thought thinning in general an acceptable fire management tool, but they did not examine differences in acceptability of specific practices. However, understanding what homeowners think about particular methods, and what is associated with more supportive views, can provide critical assistance to managers as they develop fuel hazard reduction plans. A survey of homeowners in Incline Village, Nevada found that support for most thinning methods, except herbicide use, was quite high, but varied across respondents. Factors associated with acceptability of specific methods include perception of fire risk, previous direct and indirect wildfire experience, perception of the role of various agencies in fire planning, and age. Individual responses also appeared to be influenced by the local character of the environment around Incline Village, particularly the desire to protect the water clarity of Lake Tahoe.
A High-Order, Linear Time-Invariant Model for Application to Higher Harmonic Control and Flight Control System Interaction

SUMMARY Helicopters can experience high vibration levels, which reduce passenger comfort andcause progressive damage to the aircraft structure and on-board equipment. Because theprimary source of excitation is typically the main rotor, special rotor control systemshave been proposed to reduce vibrations at the source. This study addresses one suchsystem, generally known as “Higher Harmonic Control” (HHC) , because it consists ofsuperimposing high frequency rotor inputs to the conventional low frequency ones used tocontrol and maneuver the helicopter. Because both the primary ﬂight control system andthe HHC system act on the main rotor, the risk of adverse interactions between the twosystems exists. This research focuses on these interactions, which have never been studiedbefore due to the lack of suitable mathematical models.The key ingredient is an accurate linearized model of the helicopter, which includes thehigher harmonic rotor response, and both the Automatic Flight Control System (AFCS)and the HHC system. Traditional linearization techniques lead to a system with periodiccoefﬁcients. Although Floquet theory can be used to study su ch periodic systems, thereare far more control system design theories and software tools available for linear time-invariant systems than for periodic systems. Additionally, the theoretical evaluation of thehelicopter handling qualities requires linear time-invariant systems.This research describes a new methodology for the extraction of a high-order, linear timeinvariant model, which allows the periodicity of the helicopter response to be accuratelycaptured. This model provides the needed level of dynamic ﬁd elity to permit an analysisand optimization of the AFCS and HHC algorithms. The key results of this study indicatethat theclosed-loopHHC systemhaslittleinﬂuence onthe AFCS or on the vehiclehandlingqualities, which indicates that the AFCS does not need modiﬁ cation to work with the HHCsystem. On the other hand, the results show that the vibration response to maneuvers mustbe considered during the HHC design process, and this leads to much higher required HHCloop crossover frequencies. This research also demonstrates that the transient vibration
THE INFLUENCES OF EMPLOYEE TRAINING TO HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN CHINA.Case Company:Hua wei

Author Jia Zhou Title The Influences of Employee Training to Human Resource Management in China. Case Company: Hua wei. Year 2015 Language English Pages 53 + 1 Appendix Name of Supervisor Satu Lautamäki The challenges for the company have become more complex than ever. With the competition from both domestic and foreign markets, many companies try to get competitive advantages in their business by paying attention to human resource management. Human resource management has been recognized and it is even seen as a strategy for the company to become competitive in their business. Which part of human resource management the company should improve is one of the hard choices for the company. For this, most of companies choose to improve staff training to decrease the costs and increase the skills. Considering the staff training, the way of training is the most important part. Based on the scope of company, small companies try to cooperate with the universities and training organizations to improve the staff training while the big and medium-sized companies choose to build their own training organizations to achieve their goals. Enterprise university, which attracts many companies’ attention, is one of effective training organizations. This thesis aims at analyzing the influences of staff training, benchmarking Huawei as a case company. As more challenges in the international environment are recognized, there is a growing research interest in China how the staff training is working in Chinese companies and if it is suitable for the economic environment.
THE DEVELOPER

A personal and professional profile of millionaire developer and banker Charles H. Keating Jr., the public face of the savings-and-loan crisis, describes how he exploited a permissive business environment and the Reagan administration deregulatory trend in the 1980s to build his American Continental Corporation and Lincoln Savings and Loan empire. Keating and his career fit within the broader economic and cultural changes in the 1980s that celebrated materialism and excess. Keating’s complex character is examined; he was an accomplished athlete, a generous contributor to the Catholic Church, and a crusader against pornography. He was a moralist and yet he skirted the law numerous times, beginning with a federal securities fraud case in 1979 that he ultimately settled with regulators.
Nalbuphine Attenuates Microglial Activation and Inhibits Morphine-Induced Scratching via Regulation of PKCδ and p38 Signaling in Mice

Morphine-induced scratching (MIS) is a common issue in patients receiving clinical postoperative morphine intrathecal injections. The kappa opioid receptor (KOR) agonist nalbuphine is known to prevent and reduce MIS, but the underlying mechanism has remained unclear. Here, we found that protein kinase C (PKCβ) in the spinal cord dorsal horn was co-expressed with ionized calcium binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1) and increased after morphine intrathecal (i.t.) injections in mice. Although knockdown PKCβ inhibited microglial activation and attenuated MIS, but nalbuphine can blocked MIS by promoting PKCδ expression rather than PKCβ expression, suggesting that antipruritic effect of nalbuphine is due to activation of the KOR/PKCδ pathway and that MIS is both PKCβ-dependent and closely related to microglial activation. Moreover, we also found that PKCδ could retroegulation microglial activation, thereby reversing nalbuphine’s inhibition of MIS and resulting in increased itching behaviors. Notably, microglial activation is required for p-p38 signaling in MIS. These data together suggest that nalbuphine activates KOR, so as to inducing the activation of PKCδ, which may in turn retroegulation microglial function and decrease phosphorylate p38, ultimately inhibiting MIS. Our research therefore indicates that a previously unknown KOR-PKCδ-microglia-p38 pathway in the spinal cord may underlie nalbuphine’s antipruritic effect.
Investigating Recent Changes in MJO Precipitation and Circulation in Two Reanalyses

12 Recent work using CMIP5 models under RCP8.5 suggests that individual multimodel13 mean changes in precipitation and wind variability associated with the Madden-Julian 14 oscillation (MJO) are not detectable until the end of the 21st century. However, a de15 crease in the ratio of MJO circulation to precipitation anomaly amplitude is detectable 16 as early as 2021-2040, consistent with an increase in dry static stability as predicted by 17 weak-temperature-gradient balance. Here, we examine MJO activity in multiple reanal18 yses (ERA5, MERRA-2, and ERA-20C) and find that MJO wind and precipitation anomaly 19 amplitudes have a complicated time evolution over the record. However, a decrease in 20 the ratio of MJO circulation to precipitation anomaly amplitude is detected over the ob21 servational period, consistent with the change in dry static stability. These results sug22 gest that weak-temperature-gradient theory may be able to help explain changes in MJO 23 activity in recent decades. 24 Plain Language Summary 25 A recent study examined future projected changes in precipitation and wind strength 26 associated with the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO) in a set of anthropogenically-forced 27 warming simulations. While they showed that changes in the amplitude of individual MJO28 related variables are not detectable until the end of the 21st century, they also demon29 strated that a decrease in the ratio of MJO wind to precipitation anomaly amplitude is 30 detectable as early as 2021-2040. To examine whether these MJO changes found in cli31 mate models are realistic, changes to MJO variability are assessed in three observational 32 products, and we find that a similar decrease in the ratio of MJO wind to precipitation 33 strength is detectable over 1901-2018. The change in MJO activity is consistent with that 34 expected under climate warming. 35