Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Changing the Industrial Geography in Asia: The Impact of China and India

The focus of this volume is on China and India. The authors see them as the principal beneficiaries of the first upheaval, roughly bookended by the crises of 1997-98 and of 2008-09, and as being among the prime movers whose economic footprints will expand most rapidly in the coming decades. If these two countries do come close to realizing their considerable ambitions, their neighbors in Asia and their trading partners throughout the world must be ready for major adjustments. The changes in industrial geography and in the pattern of trade since the mid-1990s have already been far-reaching. Nothing on a comparable scale occurred during the preceding two decades of the 20th century. These developments offer instructive clues concerning the possible direction of changes in the future. However, in the interest of manageability, the author analysis is centered on the dynamics of industrialization, as these have a large bearing on the course of development. Within this context, reference is made to trade, foreign direct investment, and the building of technological capabilities, which together constitute a major subset of the factors responsible for the shape not only of the industrial geography of the past but also of the industrial geography yet to come. The striking feature of development in South and East Asia in the second half of the 20th century is the degree to which Japan dominated the industrial landscape and how the Japanese model triggered the first wave of industrialization in four East Asian economies-the Republic of Korea; Taiwan, China; Hong Kong, China; and Singapore. These four so-called tiger economies were the early starters, and each has become a mature industrial economy. Indeed, Hong Kong, having transferred almost all of its manufacturing activities to the Pearl River Delta, has morphed into a postindustrial economy.
Accuracy evaluation of the IMS snow and ice products in stable snow covers regions in China

The interactive multisensor snow and ice mapping system(IMS),which is composed of various optics and microwave sensor data,provides daily cloud-free snow extent of Northern Hemisphere,and shows great prospects in the remote sensing research of snow and ice.Using snow depth data measured at s as true value,snow cover seasonal and annual omission error rates,misjudgment rates and overall accuracy rates of IMS snow and ice products in Northern Xinjiang,Northeast China and Tibetan Plateau were examined monthly from 2009 to2010,and the relationships between the accuracy rates of IMS products and snow depths in these three stable snow cover regions in China was analyzed.Results indicate that the annual overall accuracy rate of IMS products is over 92%,snow cover season overall accuracy is over 88% in all regions,so it is to monitor snow cover with IMS products.However,the accuracy rate of IMS products varies from region to regions.Omission error in Northern Xinjiang is high during January and February,whereas misjudgment rate is significant in an in snow cover season.The accuracy of IMS products in Northeast China and Northern Xinjiang increases with the adding snow depth,which is close to 100% when snow depth is more than 6 cm and 13 cm,respectively,for these two regions.But it is found that the accuracy of IMS products in the has no any relation with snow depth.A comparative analysis between four IMS and MODIS images of the same phase in Tibetan Plateau shows that IMS products actually overestimate the snow cover area due to its poor identification of fractal snow cover and the uneven distribution of meteorological stations.
Graph-Based Method for Detecting Occupy Protest Events Using GDELT Dataset

Recent years have witnessed a series of occupy protest events all over the world. Detecting and monitoring these events is an important and challenging task in social science research and also can provide reference for government's emergency management. Existing methods mainly solve this problem by document clustering techniques. This paper proposes a novel graph-based occupy protest event detection framework which applies sub graph pattern mining for this task. A wealth of event data about Occupy Wall Street in New York and Occupy Central in Hong Kong from the Global Data on Events, Location, and Tone (GDELT) are utilized in the work. Experimental results on these datasets show that the proposed method can achieve higher detection accuracy with 0.921 on average and MCC value 0.748, outperforming the baseline method.
Meaning making in service of power at the climate change negotiations

Human induced climate change is already beginning to affect the world, and the increasing amount of research relating to climate change is showing that the effects will intensify over the coming century if nothing is done to change society. Still very little substantial change is to be seen. In this paper I investigate part of the problem with changing course by utilising the concept of ideology and employing it in a Critical Discourse Analysis of speeches held by two of the world’s most powerful individuals, President Barack Obama and President Xi Jinping, at the opening ceremony of COP21 in Paris. The analysis is focused on how climate change is portrayed, what the goals of the agreement should be and what the solutions to climate change are, according to the speeches. This is combined with a focus on what ideological discourses are used, and how climate change is incorporated in these ideological discourses. The analysis shows that, although the speeches have their separate characteristics, they draw on and reinforce largely the same discourses; neoliberalism and nationalism. Both speeches portray climate change as a phenomenon with long lasting consequences for human society and the main threats are perceived to be decreasing economic growth and potential instability of the nation-state. Climate change is also incorporated in the neoliberal ideology through an inspiration discourse, portraying climate change as an opportunity to extend the market and privatise commons. At the same time nature is reduced to resources for the economy and human society is reduced to its economy and nation-state.
The Fourteen Dalai Lamas: A Sacred Legacy of Reincarnation

The 14th Dalai Lama, winner of the Nobel Peace Prize and spiritual leader of the Tibetans in exile, is well known in the West, but the 600-year tradition to which he is heir is less familiar. In this book, Glenn Mullin offers the life stories of all 14 Dalai Lamas in one volume for the first time. He has also included excerpts from their teachings, poetry, and other writings that illuminate the principles of Tibetan Buddhism. From the birth of the first Dalai Lama in 1391, each subsequent Dalai Lama has been the reincarnation of his predecessor, choosing to take up the burdens of a human life for the benefit of the Tibetan people. For almost six centuries, the Dalai Lamas have served as the Tibetans' spiritual leader and have held secular power for nearly half that time. The Dalai Lamas are revered as incarnations of Avalokiteshvara, the Buddhist embodiment of compassion, but each has been a unique individual with different abilities and temperament.
TRADITIONAL USE AND CONSERVATION OF SOME SELECTED PLANTS USED IN FESTIVALS AND RITUALS IN APATANI PLATEAU OF ARUNACHAL PRADESH, INDIA

The Apatanis are one of the major tribes of the Eastern Himalayan state of Arunachal Pradesh and are ardent believers of nature. They use various plant species to perform their rituals, festivals, etc. for the well being of human, animals, plants and their surrounding environment as a whole. A study has been conducted to document the indigenous uses and beliefs of plants that are utilized in various rituals and festivals. The present paper discusses the major festivals and rituals of Apatanis with enumeration of uses of 20 selected plant species. Bamboos, canes and some species of Castanopsis, Magnolia, Pyrus etc. have been found well associated with the Apatani tradition without which the ritual and cultural performances cannot be completed. Since the Apatanis have put in such faith and ritualistic value to these plants and trees, they have taken the conservation and management practices of these species and other bio- resources as part of their natural life style.
VII , 47-68 URBAN SUSTAINABILITY AND GROWTH MANAGEMENT IN SOUTH-EAST ASIAN CITY-REGIONS : THE CASE OFKUALALUMPURAND HONGKONG

Major South-East Asian city-regions have experienced considerable physical, econotnic and social transfonnations during the past three decades. The rapid pace of globalisation and econon1ic restructuring has resulted in these city-regions receiving the full in1pact of urbanisation pressures. In an attetnpt to ease these pressures, city-regions such as Bangkok, Seoul, Tokyo, Taipei, Hong Kong, Singapore and Kuala Lumpur have advocate growth 111anagen1ent approaches giving particular interest to urban sustainability. These approaches pro1note efforts to achieve the triple botton1 line sustainability by balancing econon1ic and social develop1nent, and environtnental protection, and putting 1nore etnphasis on con1pact and optitnun1 develop1nent of urban fon11s. This paper evaluates the case of two South-East Asian city-regions, Kuala Lu1npur and Hong Kong, and assesses their experiences in tnanaging their urban fonns whilst pro1noting sustainable patte1ns of urban developn1ent. The findings show that sustainable urban develop1nent initiatives e1nploying a top down approach has yielded encouraging results in these case study city-regions. However the need for a 1nore concerted effo1t towards the overall sustainability agenda still re1nains vital. Key,vords: Sustainable urban develop1nent, growth 1nanage1nent, co1npact urbanisation, city-regions, Kuala Lutnpur, Hong Kong, South-East Asia
Classification and Event Identification Using Word Embedding

This paper presents our contribution to the CLEF 2019 ProtestNews Track, which aims to classify and identify protest events in Englishlanguage news from India and China. We used traditional classification models, namely, support vector machines and XGBoost classifiers, combined with various word embedding approaches. Multiple models were tested for experimental purposes, in addition to the two models evaluated within the official campaign. Results show promising performance, especially in terms of precision on both document and sentence classification tasks.
Étude longitudinale des rhumatismes inclassés issus d'une cohorte de rhumatismes inflammatoires tout débutants (cohorte VErA)

Objectifs : 1) Decrire la population de rhumatismes inclasses (RI) a l'issue de la visite d'inclusion et apres 1 an. 2) Identifier des facteurs predictifs du maintien du statut de RI. 3) Determiner un delai a partir duquel il est inutile d'essayer de classer un RI. Patients et methodes : La cohorte VErA est constituee de 312 patients presentant un rhumatisme debutant, suivis pendant 10 ans. Les RI ont ete definis selon 2 approches : "academique" : impossibilite de classer le rhumatisme selon les criteres officiels ; "pragmatique" : n'etaient plus consideres comme inclasses les patients avec une hesitation diagnostique sans impact therapeutique. Une analyse de la survie du statut de RI a ete effectuee. Resultats : Les RI avaient un rhumatisme moins severe que les autres rhumatismes qui se traduisait par un plus faible nombre d'articulations atteintes, un derouillage matinal plus court et un DAS moins eleve. Ils avaient egalement un facteur rhumatoide et des anticorps anti-CCP-2 significativement plus bas que les autres rhumatismes. Les facteurs predictifs a l'inclusion du maintien du statut de RI selon l'approche "academique" etaient : anti-CCP-2 > 3 fois la normale (Hazard Ratio (HR)=3,01, p 60' (HR=1,64, p=0,002) ; nombre d'articulations douloureuses > mediane (HR=1,62 ; p=0,003) ; arthrites des membres superieurs (HR=2,67 ; p=0,023) ; atteinte des membres superieurs et inferieurs (HR=1,44 ; p=0,047) ; arthrite des petites articulations (HR=0,17 ; p mediane (HR=3,45, p mediane (HR=0,58 ; p=0,046) et atteinte des petites et des grosses articulations (HR=0,38 ; p=0,006) selon le filtre "pragmatique" : DAS > 3,7 (HR=3,19, p=0,014), isotype IgG du facteur rhumatoide > mediane (HR=1,86 ; p=0,019), atteinte des petites articulations (HR=0,35 ; p=0,033). L'inventaire des diagnostics portes en fonction du temps montre qu'apres 6 annees d'evolution, seuls 3 patients ont perdu le statut de RI. Conclusion : Les RI se distinguent des RC par un niveau d'activite plus faible. Les facteurs predictifs du maintien du statut de RI sont en rapport avec une activite ou une severite moins importante du rhumatisme. Il parait inutile d'essayer de classer un rhumatisme apres 6 ans d'evolution.
Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Spondyloarthritis in Japan in Comparison with Other Regions of the World

Objective. To delineate clinical characteristics of patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA) in Japan in comparison to other areas of the world. Methods. Using the ASAS-COMOSPA (Assessment of Spondyloarthritis international Society–COMOrbidities in SPondyloArthritis) data, an international cross-sectional observational study of patients with SpA, we analyzed information on demographics, disease characteristics, comorbidities, and risk factors. Patients were classified by region: Japan, other Asian countries (China, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan), and non-Asian countries (Europe, the Americas, Africa). Patient characteristics, including diagnosis and treatment, were compared. Results. Among 3984 patients included in the study, 161 were from centers in Japan, 933 from other Asian countries, and 2890 from other regions. Of patients with SpA in Japan, 42 (26.1%) had peripheral SpA, substantially more than in other countries. This trend was explained by the predominance of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) among Japanese patients with SpA. In contrast to the relatively low number in Japan, 54% of patients from other Asian countries had pure axial SpA (axSpA) without peripheral features. HLA-B27 testing, considered an integral part of the classification of axSpA, was performed in only 63.6% of Japanese patients with axSpA. More than half of Japanese patients with axSpA were classified using imaging criteria. Conclusion. In our study, there was a more substantial number of peripheral SpA cases observed in Japan compared to other parts of Asia and other regions of the world. Aside from ethnic differences, increasing recognition of PsA in Japan, as well as a potential underdiagnosis of axSpA due to the insufficient use of HLA-B27 testing, may partly explain regional discrepancies.
The Clinical Significance of Interleukin-15 and Interleukin -17 in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis is characterized by synovial inflammation and hyperplasia (swelling), autoantibody production (rheumatoid factor and anti–citrullinated protein antibody [ACPA]), cartilage and bone destruction (deformity), In addition to systemic features including cardiovascular, pulmonary, psychological, and skeletal disorders (3) . ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, deforming arthritis that can lead to disabilities and poor quality of life. Cytokines produced by inflammatory cells play a pivotal role in synovial inflammation and joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis; they are the final mediators and/or regulators of inflammatory process. OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to assess serum IL-15 and IL-17 levels in a sample of patients with RA and to evaluate the correlation between their levels and various clinical, laboratory parameters of RA disease activity and severity. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A case – control study was carried out from January 2013 till October 2013. It was conducted on 80 RA patients who attended Basra General Hospital outpatient rheumatology clinic. Eighty apparently healthy adults, age and sex matched, were also included as control group. Peripheral blood samples were collected from both patients and controls and used for estimation of serum IL-15, IL-17 and antiCCP antibodies by ELISA, RF and CRP by slide agglutination test and ESR by Westergren method. RA activity was measured using disease activity score28 (DAS-28). RESULTS: RA patients showed significantly higher serum IL-15 and IL-17 levels than controls (P<0.01). In addition, IL-15 and IL-17 were found to be significantly higher in RA patients with active disease compared to those at remission. No significant correlations were noted between IL-15 serum level and RF, CRP, ESR, anti-CCP but it was significantly correlated with DAS-28, TJC and SJC. Significant positive correlations of serum IL-17 level and ESR, CRP, anti-CCP, DAS28, TJC and SJC were found. Also there was a significant direct correlation between IL-15 and IL-17concentration. CONCLUSION: The current study demonstrated that serum IL-15 and IL-17 levels were significantly higher in RA patients than the controls confirming their important role in the pathogenesis of RA and possible target for future therapy . Elevated IL-17 levels could be considered as a possible indicator of more severe clinical course, This is underscored by relatively strong correlations between almost validated disease activity and severity markers including CRP, ESR, anti-CCP, DAS28, TJC and SJC.
Experience and Identity-driven Consumer Choice: Evidence from China

We study how shared experiences of political events can have a long-term effect on consumers' identity-driven brand choices, and how geopolitical conflicts can activate the effect. Our empirical strategy uses a generalized difference-in-differences design to exploit spatial variations in the intensity of China's Cultural Revolution (CR), a radical political movement during 1966-1976, and cohort variations in the number of impressionable years during CR. We observe over 11 million vehicle choices of individual Chinese consumers from 2012 to 2013. We find that the experience of CR increases the likelihood of choosing Chinese brands, controlling for location, birth-year cohort, and product attributes (e.g., price and class). Moreover, the effect is only significant after the China-Japan conflict in August-September 2012 activated Chinese national identity. The dynamics show the effect persisted throughout 2013 after the activation. Exploring heterogeneous effects, we find that the effects are stronger for more recognizable Chinese brands as well as more expensive models, and we rule out alternative mechanisms such as fear of violence.
Packaging design development for Taiwanese souvenirs

Purchasing souvenirs from a foreign country is a way for tourists to preserve a memory of travel or bestow as a gift to others. Souvenirs are one of the prevalent elements that promote the identities of cultures. The purchasing preferences of souvenirs are influenced by various attributes, such as local branding, and packaging features. Therefore, distinctive souvenir packaging design can both communicate the identity of the culture and attract consumers’ attention. In addition to the basic purposes of containing, protecting, identifying, and distinguishing products, souvenir packages can deliver a cultural representation. Effective souvenir package design can be a way to promote a culture. Each culture has its unique features that attract tourists, such as famous landmarks and traditions, and packaging design can help to advertise these features. While the souvenir itself is a significant item for tourists to purchase, the packaging of the souvenir can include elements for communicating information about the culture and attracting tourists’ attention. Thus designing souvenir packages is a way to develop cultural representation in the tourism market and promote local products to the world. Because souvenir packaging can represent the culture itself, it can serve to show the identity of the culture and allow people to know more about it. Developing the packaging design of souvenirs can therefore increase awareness of the culture internationally. Although many countries have distinctive identities, a country such as Taiwan struggles with an ambiguous identity and a lack of international visibility; most people from other countries are not familiar with Taiwan. Developing more distinctive and recognizable packaging for Taiwanese souvenirs is a way to present its uniqueness to people from other countries. A good packaging design for souvenirs could have a strong impact on people that would be valuable for both the product and the country.
Nucleic Acid Ampliﬁcation Tests for Diagnosis of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Oropharyngeal Infections (cid:1)

The optimal methods for the diagnosis of pharyngeal Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection are uncertain. The objective of this study was to deﬁne the performance of culture and nucleic acid ampliﬁcation tests (NAATs) for the diagnosis of pharyngeal N. gonorrhoeae . In this cross-sectional study, males and females >15 years old who acknowledged performing fellatio or cunnilingus (in the previous 2 months) were recruited from three clinics (two human immunodeﬁciency virus clinics and one sexually transmitted diseases clinic) located in Birmingham, AL. The test performance of culture for N. gonorrhoeae , the Gen-Probe Aptima Combo 2 transcription-mediated ampliﬁcation assay (TMA), the BD ProbeTec ET ampliﬁed DNA strand displacement assay (SDA), and the Roche Cobas Amplicor PCR was deﬁned by using a rotating “gold standard” of any positive results by two or three of the three tests that excluded the test being evaluated. A total of 961 evaluable test sets were collected. On the basis of a rotating gold standard of positive results by two of three comparator tests, the sensitivity and the speciﬁcity were as follows: culture for N. gonorrhoeae , 50.0% and 99.4%, respectively; PCR, 80.3% and 73.0%, respectively; TMA, 83.6% and 98.6%, respectively; and SDA, 93.2% and 96.3%, respectively. On the basis of a rotating gold standard of positive results by three of three comparator tests, the sensitivity and speciﬁcity were as follows: culture for N. gonorrhoeae , 65.4% and 99.0%, respectively; PCR, 91.9% and 71.8%, respectively; TMA, 100% and 96.2%, respectively; and SDA, 97.1% and 94.2%, respectively. In conclusion, currently available NAATs are more sensitive than culture for the detection of pharyngeal gonorrhea in at-risk patients. PCR is substantially less speciﬁc than culture, TMA, or SDA and should not be used for the detection of pharyngeal gonorrhea.
Authentication of Domestic Taiwan Rice Varieties Based on Fingerprinting Analysis of Microsatellite DNA Markers

為追溯、偵測並防止混米之目的，本研究利用微衛星標誌(SSR)來鑑別台灣常見市售國產米及國外進口食米品種。 共使用36 個國內外食米品種及32 組微衛星標誌進行水稻多型性之DNA 指紋分析。 結果於32個基因座上共得到306個不同之等位基因。 每個基因座可有3至21個片段，平均每個基因座為96個片段。 多態性訊息含量Polymorphic information value (PIC), 介於0. 205(RM7023)至0. 926(RM333)，平均為0. 75。 其中RM101, RM333, RM475, RM1387, RM1388, RM2835, RM5428及RM5704微衛星標誌可有效區別台灣國產米。 經由主座標principle component analysis (PCA) 及集群分析(clustering analysis)，發現來自不同國家之食米品種可分為2群。 最後為防範混米，本研究也建立了台灣良質米品種鑑定及純度檢測流程表。 在實際檢測應用上，以不同比例之台稉九號及台稉十六號進行混米檢測，其檢出之靈敏度約為 3% - 7.5%。
Population Structure and Historical Demography of the Whiskered Velvet Shrimp (Metapenaeopsis barbata) off China and Taiwan Inferred from the Mitochondrial Control Region

Velvet Shrimp (Metapenaeopsis barbata) off China and Taiwan Inferred from the Mitochondrial Control Region Ta-Jen Chu1, Daryi Wang2, Hsien-Lu Huang3, Feng-Jiau Lin4, and Tzong-Der Tzeng5,* 1Department of Leisure and Recreation Management, Chung Hua Univ., 707 Wu-Fu Road, Sec. 2, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan 2Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Nangang, Taipei 115, Taiwan 3Department of Nutrition and Health Science, Fooyin Univ., 151 Chinhsueh Road, Ta-Liao, Kaohsiung 831, Taiwan 4Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung Univ., Tainan 701, Taiwan 5Department of Leisure, Recreation and Tourism Management, Shu-Te Univ., 59 Hun-Shan Rd., Hun-Shan Village, Yen-Chau, Kaohsiung 824, Taiwan