Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A 250 MS/s 65.8-dB SNDR SAR ADC With Cross-Phase Common-Mode Feedback and Reconfigurable Inverter-Based Preamplifier in 28-nm CMOS

This brief presents a 250 MS/s 12b successive-approximation-register (SAR) analog-to-digital converter (ADC) in 28 nm CMOS. The inverter-based preamplifier is introduced to suppress comparator noise. To improve the ADC robustness and speed, first, a cross-phase common mode feedback which explores the common mode voltage during the sampling phase, is proposed to address the PVT and input common mode voltage sensitivity of the inverter-based preamplifier. Second, a reconfigurable method is proposed to eliminate the long recovery time of the preamplifier at large input signals, as well as reduce the kickback noise at small input signals. Third, a PMOS pair with deliberate timing is introduced to accelerate the comparator regeneration without deteriorating its noise. The ADC employs 360 fF/side sampling capacitance and takes 2 ns conversion time to resolve 15 raw bits. Fabricated in 28 nm CMOS, the prototype ADC achieves 65.8 dB SNDR and 80.9 dB SFDR for a near-Nyquist input, occupies an active area of 0.01 mm2 and consumes a power of 4.7 mW, resulting in a Walden FOMW of 11.8 fJ/conv-step and a Schreier ${\mathrm {FOM}}_{{\boldsymbol{S}}}$ of 170.0 dB, respectively. Last but not least, the ADC attains a rail-to-rail input CM range.
Perturbation approach to dispersion curves calculation for nonlinear Lamb waves

Analysis of elastic wave propagation in nonlinear media has gained recent research attention due to the recognition of their amplitude-dependent behavior. This creates opportunities for increased accuracy of damage detection and localization, development of new structural monitoring strategies, and design of new structures with desirable acoustic behavior (e.g., amplitude-dependent frequency bandgaps, wave beaming, and filtering). This differs from more traditional nonlinear analysis approaches which target the prediction of higher harmonic growth. Of particular interest in this work is the analysis of amplitude-dependent shifts in Lamb wave dispersion curves. Typically, dispersion curves are calculated for nominally linear material parameters and geometrical features of a waveguide, even when the constitutive law is nonlinear. Instead, this work employs a Lindstedt - Poincare perturbation approach to calculate amplitude-dependent dispersion curves, and shifts thereof, for nonlinearly-elastic plates. As a result, a set of first order corrections to frequency (or equivalently wavenumber) are calculated. These corrections yield significant amplitude dependence in the spectral characteristics of the calculated waves, especially for high frequency waves, which differs fundamentally from linear analyses. Numerical simulations confirm the analytical shifts predicted. Recognition of this amplitude-dependence in Lamb wave dispersion may suggest, among other things, that the analysis of guided wave propagation phenomena within a fully nonlinear framework needs to revisit mode-mode energy flux and higher harmonics generation conditions.
5-HT3 Receptors in Rat Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons: Ca2+ Entry and Modulation of Neurotransmitter Release

Rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons express 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors (5-HT3Rs). To elucidate their physiological role in the modulation of sensory signaling, we aimed to quantify their functional expression in newborn and adult rat DRG neurons, as well as their ability to modulate the Ca2+-dependent neurotransmitter release, by means of electrophysiological techniques combined with fluorescence-based Ca2+ imaging. The selective 5-HT3R agonist mCPBG (10 μM) elicited whole-cell currents in 92.5% of adult DRG neurons with a significantly higher density current than in responding newborn cells (52.2%), suggesting an increasing serotoninergic modulation on primary afferent cells during development. Briefly, 5-HT3Rs expressed by adult DRG neurons are permeable to Ca2+ ions, with a measured fractional Ca2+ current (i.e., the percentage of total current carried by Ca2+ ions, Pf) of 1.0%, similar to the value measured for the human heteromeric 5-HT3A/B receptor (Pf = 1.1%), but lower than that of the human homomeric 5-HT3A receptor (Pf = 3.5%). mCPBG applied to co-cultures of newborn DRG and spinal neurons significantly increased the miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs) frequency in a subset of recorded spinal neurons, even in the presence of Cd2+, a voltage-activated Ca2+ channel blocker. Considered together, our findings indicate that the Ca2+ influx through heteromeric 5-HT3Rs is sufficient to increase the spontaneous neurotransmitter release from DRG to spinal neurons.
Simulation of Newtonian axisymmetric pipe flow by using a Taylor Galerkin/pressure correction finite element method

this study, a time stepping Taylor Galerkin/pressure correction finite element scheme is employed to treat incompressible Newtonian flows. In this context, Navier-Stoke partial differential equations have been used to describe the motion of the fluid. The equations consist of a time-dependent continuity equation for conservation of mass and time-dependent conservation of momentum equations. Examples considered include a start-up of Poiseuille, flow in a axisymmetric rectangular channel for the Newtonian fluid. This test is conducted by taking a circular section of the pipe. The critical level of number is investigated under the effect of various parameters. Moreover, the effect of viscosity variation and the boundary maximum axial velocity that imposed at the inlet upon the solution is studied as well. In this manner, the findings reveal that, there is a significant effect from viscosity variation and value on the level of number such that the extremely limit of number that can be reached was around
New Aluminum Syntactic Foam: Synthesis and Mechanical Characterization

Metal matrix syntactic foams (MMSF) are advanced cellular materials constituted by a system of a minimum of two phases, in which a dispersion of hollow particles is embedded by a continuous metal matrix. The incorporation of porous fillers favors the development of low-density materials with exceptional behavior for damping vibrations, impacts, and blast effects, shielding acoustic, thermal, and electromagnetic energies. There are three main techniques to produce them: infiltration casting technique (ICT), stir casting technique (SCT), and powder metallurgy technique (P/M). The first two techniques are used for embedding filler into lower melting point metallic matrices than fillers, in contrast to P/M. The present study demonstrates the feasibility of producing MMSF with components of similar melting points by ICT. The fillers were synthesized in-situ with aluminum and a natural foaming agent from wastes of Spanish white marble quarries. These novel aluminum syntactic foams (ASF) were mechanically characterized following the ISO-13314 and exhibited a porosity, plateau stress, and energy absorption capacity of 41%, 37.65 MPa, 8.62 MJ/m3 (at 35% of densification), respectively. These properties are slightly superior to equal porosity LECA ASF, making these novel ASF suitable for the same applications as LECA-ASF.
Effect of olive leaf (Olea europaea L.) extract addition to broiler diets on the growth performance, breast meat quality, antioxidant capacity and caecal bacterial populations

Abstract This study aims to evaluate the effect of olive leaf extract (OLE) on growth performance, breast meat quality, antioxidant capacity and caecal microbiota regulation. OLE containing 51.5% oleuropein, 25.6% polyphenols and 6.2% flavonoids, was designed to different supplement levels ranging from 0.1% OLE (OLE0.1) to 0.5% OLE (OLE0.5) into a basal diet, separately. The whole feeding period lasts for 35 days after 7-day hatching from the egg. 720 1-day-age healthy Arbour Acres male broilers were thus divided into five experimental groups and one control group, consist of 20 broilers per group for six parallel experiments in triplicate. The results showed that the levels of average daily feed intake (ADFI) and average daily weight gain (ADG) of the broilers were decreased (p < 0.05) after the addition of 0.3% OLE. Moreover, the breast meat shear force was decreased by 34.4% (p < 0.05). The glutathione (GSH) levels in the meat were increased by 76.64% (p < 0.05); the levels of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were increased by 50.4% and 120%, respectively. And the malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the meat were reduced by 34.2% (p < 0.05). Additionally, a decreased intensity of Escherichia coli (p < 0.05) and an increased intensity of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium (p < 0.05) were observed. Overall, supplementing 0.3% OLE into daily diet enables enhancing breast meat antioxidation, amplifying the abundance of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium as well as diminishing the abundance of E. coli in the caecum. HIGHLIGHTS OLE contains 51.5% oleuropein, 25.6% of TP and 6.2% TF levels. OLE addition at 0.3% lowers shear force and raises the GSH’s level of the meat. OLE causes a decrease in E. coli and an increase in Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. Graphical Abstract
Ciencias sociales en contextos de represión: Análisis bibliométrico de la producción histórica de la Corporación de Estudios para Latinoamérica, Chile (1979-1989)

Este artículo presenta un análisis bibliométrico de la producción científica de la Corporación de Estudios para Latinoamérica (CIEPLAN), el centro de estudios más importante durante la dictadura y transición democrática en Chile. El análisis se realiza sobre un conjunto de registros bibliográficos (n = 145), referencias (n = 4.055) e información biográfica de los autores, durante 1979-1989. Se analizan tres dimensiones: producción científica y áreas temáticas; colaboración y coautoría; y referencias o consumo de información. Se utiliza estadística descriptiva, modelamiento temático no supervisado y Análisis de Redes Sociales (SNA, por sus siglas en inglés). Los resultados muestran una tendencia constante en la producción científica y temas centrados en tópicos clásicos de la economía asociados con temas de desigualdad y política. Además, los análisis de colaboración y referencias muestran la existencia de una comunidad compuesta por reconocidos académicos y miembros de la élite política chilena centrales en la producción intelectual y en la red de referencias. Estos hallazgos permiten denominar a CIEPLAN como una de las principales comunidades epistémicas durante la recuperación y transición democrática chilena, en específico, durante los primeros gobiernos democráticos dónde varios miembros fueron reclutados para asumir importantes cargos en el ejecutivo. Hasta hoy, estos actores siguen influenciando el proceso de formulación de políticas públicas en Chile.
An Empirical Study on the Satisfaction of Rural Leisure Tourism Tourists Based on IPA Method

In recent years, under the background of the national development strategy of rural revitalization, rural tourism has become a new way of tourism. With the upsurge of rural tourism, there has also been a wave of “homestay fever” across the country. Country house tourism is a personalized rural tourism method that has emerged with the development of our country's tourism industry in recent years. However, in the context of the surge in the number of homestays in rural tourism destinations, homogeneous competition, simple replication, low-price competition, and other quality development problems have become increasingly prominent. In order to realize the high-quality development of country houses and meet the differentiated needs of customers, it is necessary to explore the dimensions of tourists' perceived value of country houses from the perspective of tourists, to study the gap between tourists' expectations and actual perceptions, and from the perspective of tourists' value perception to make suggestions for improvement. This paper takes the theory of customer perceived value as the theoretical basis, and on the basis of referring to the relevant literature, combined with the actual situation of the homestay in Luci Village, to construct an index system of the perceived value of tourists in the country house. Use IPA (Importance-Performance Analysis) to identify the difference between the actual performance and expected importance of tourists' perceived value, use questionnaires and statistical software to analyze the difference in guest satisfaction and importance, and put forward key improvement goals to improve the quality of homestay development in the future. The effectiveness of the method proposed in this paper is verified through the case of a country house in Luci Village, Tonglu County.
Competitive Cyclists’ Freely Chosen Cadence Is History Dependent

Background: Not much is known about history dependence of freely chosen cadence in competitive cyclists. Objective: It was investigated whether initial cycling at relatively low and high preset target cadences affected a subsequent freely chosen cadence at the end of the same bout of submaximal ergometer cycling. Methods: Nineteen male competitive cyclists performed a single test session consisting of three separate bouts at 180 W. In one bout, cycling at 60 rpm was followed by cycling at freely chosen cadence. In another bout, cycling at 110 rpm was followed by cycling at freely chosen cadence. In yet another bout (considered reference), the cadence was freely chosen, throughout. Motor rhythm output (cadence), biomechanical (including tangential pedal force), and physiological (heart rate) responses were measured. Results: Increased cadence resulted in increased internal power and decreased maximal tangential pedal force, and vice versa. This was in accordance with existing knowledge. Initial cycling at 60 and 110 rpm caused the subsequent freely chosen cadence to be about 6 rpm lower and higher (p < 0.01), respectively, than the freely chosen cadence (91.2 ± 9.9 rpm) at the end of the reference bout. These differences in cadence were accompanied by differences in heart rate and pedal force (p < 0.05). Conclusions: For competitive cyclists, the freely chosen cadence at the end of a submaximal bout of cycling depends on the preset target cadence applied initially.
ON THE STAR FORMATION–AGN CONNECTION AT z ≲ 0.3

Using the spectra of a sample of ∼28,000 nearby obscured active galaxies from Data Release 7 of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), we probe the connection between active galactic nucleus (AGN) activity and star formation over a range of radial scales in the host galaxy. We use the extinction-corrected luminosity of the [O iii] 5007 Å line as a proxy of intrinsic AGN power and supermassive black hole (SMBH) accretion rate. The star formation rates (SFRs) are taken from the MPA-JHU value-added catalog and are measured through the 3″ SDSS aperture. We construct matched samples of galaxies covering a range in redshifts. With increasing redshift, the projected aperture size encompasses increasing amounts of the host galaxy. This allows us to trace the radial distribution of star formation as a function of AGN luminosity. We find that the star formation becomes more centrally concentrated with increasing AGN luminosity and Eddington ratio. This implies that such circumnuclear star formation is associated with AGN activity, and that it increasingly dominates over omnipresent disk star formation at higher AGN luminosities, placing critical constraints on theoretical models that link host galaxy star formation and SMBH fueling. We parameterize this relationship and find that the star formation on radial scales <1.7 kpc, when including a constant disk component, has a sub-linear dependence on SMBH accretion rate: , suggesting that angular momentum transfer through the disk limits accretion efficiency rather than the supply from stellar mass loss.
The Llanherne Low Frequency Radio Telescope

A large proportion of the easily accessible radio astronomy spectrum lies between 50 MHz and a lower limit of about 1 MHz set by interstellar absorption. The features of the spectrum in this frequency range, from sources such as the galaxy, extragalactic sources, pulsars, the Sun and Jupiter, remain only partially explored mainly owing to the large sizes of telescopes necessary to obtain adequate angular resolution and sensitivity. In addition, below 20 MHz, interference from man-made radiation and from the ionosphere severely hinders observations. At the lowest frequencies, the effects of the ionosphere can be overcome by using earth satellite telescopes at the expense of greatly increased difficulty in attaining sufficient telescope aperture.
Rapid and unambiguous characterization of acyl chain position in unsaturated phosphatidylcholines using differential mobility and mass spectrometry

Glycerophospholipids that differ in the relative position of the two fatty acyl chains on the glycerol backbone ( i.e. , sn -positional isomers) can have distinct physicochemical properties. The unambiguous assignment of acyl chain position to an individual glycerophospholipid represents a significant analytical challenge. Here we describe a workflow where phosphatidylcholines (PCs) are subjected to electrospray ionization for characterization by a combination of differential mobility spectrometry and mass spectrometry (DMS-MS). When infused as a mixture, ions formed from silver-adduction of each phospholipid isomer ( e.g. , [PC (16:0/18:1) + Ag] + and [PC (18:1/16:0) + Ag] + ), are transmitted through the DMS device at discrete compensation voltages. Varying their relative amount allows facile and unambiguous assignment of the sn -positions of the fatty acyl chains for each isomer. Integration of the well-resolved ion populations provides a rapid method (< 3 mins) for relative quantification of these lipid isomers. The DMS-MS results show excellent agreement with established, but time-consuming, enzymatic approaches, and also provide superior accuracy to methods that rely on mass spectrometry alone. The advantages of this DMS-MS method in identification and quantification of glycerophospholipid isomer populations is demonstrated by direct analysis of complex biological extracts without any prior fractionation. PC (16:0/18:1) from PC (18:1/16:0). This result suggests that the carbon-carbon double bond present in the latter pair plays an integral role in the DMS-based
Experimentally Analyzing Relationships between Learner’s Status in the Skill Acquisition Process and Physiological Indices

—There are many tasks for which people need domain- speciﬁc skills learned through long-term practice. Many skill acquisition models have been proposed that include the mental states of the learners, but only few studies have tried to estimate mental states using objectively measured data. The purpose of this study was to experimentally investigate whether the status of the skill acquisition process could be estimated by physiological indices that indicate the learner’s mental states. For this purpose, we conducted an experiment to obtain data on physiological indices and a subjective report of the feeling of difﬁculty during the skill acquisition task. As a result, we conﬁrmed the relationship between the participant’s statuses and the physiological indices. In addition, we classiﬁed the trials with the feeling of difﬁculty in the experiment using Support Vector Machine. As a result, the values of accuracy were over 0.65 when the data not used to calculate the SVM model were classiﬁed. We could show that the physiological indices are helpful clues to estimate the status of the skill acquisition process.
Networks of exponential neurons for multivariate function approximation

A three-layer neural network, having a hidden layer of neurons with an exponential transfer function, capable of performing function approximation more accurately, and more economically, than a conventional multilayer perceptron (MLP) having neurons with a sigmoidal transfer function, is described. The network was trained by a variation of the standard backpropagation gradient-descent technique. The results of a difficult approximation problem, where a conventional MLP of similar size simply fails to perform within reasonable constraints on training time, are shown graphically. <<ETX>>
Molecular Mechanism of Renal Tubule Transport Dopamine reduces cell surface Na (cid:2) /H (cid:2) exchanger-3 protein by decreasing NHE3 exocytosis and cell membrane recycling

Dopamine reduces cell surface Na (cid:2) /H (cid:2) exchanger-3 protein by decreasing NHE3 exocytosis and cell membrane recycling. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 313: F1018–F1025, 2017. published August 2, 2017; doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00251. 2017. —The intrarenal auto-crine-paracrine dopamine (DA) system mediates a signiﬁcant fraction of the natriuresis in response to a salt load. DA inhibits a number of Na (cid:2) transporters to effect sodium excretion, including the proximal tubule Na (cid:2) /H (cid:2) exchanger-3 (NHE3). DA represent a single hormone that regulates NHE3 at multiple levels, including translation, degradation, endocytosis, and protein phosphorylation. Because cell surface NHE3 protein is determined by the balance between exocytotic insertion and endocytotic retrieval, we examined whether DA acutely affects the rate of NHE3 exocytosis in a cell culture model. DA inhibited NHE3 exocytosis at a dose-dependent manner with a half maximal around 10 (cid:3) 6 M. The DA effect on NHE3 exocytosis was blocked by inhibition of protein kinase A and by brefeldin A, which inhibits endoplasmic reticulum-to-Golgi transport. NHE3 directly interacts with the ε -subunit of coatomer protein based on yeast-two-hybrid and coimmunoprecipitation. Because NHE3 has been shown to be recycled back to the cell membrane after endocytosis, we measured NHE3 recycling using a biochemical reinsertion assay and showed that reinsertion of NHE3 back to the membrane is also inhibited by DA. In conclusion, among the many mechanisms by which DA reduces apical membrane NHE3 and induces proximal tubule natriuresis, one additional mechanism is inhibition of exocytotic insertion and reinsertion of NHE3 in the apical cell surface. mg/ml tempera-ture), and incubated in serum-free media at 37°C for 4 to restart exocytosis. Cells were then surface with 1.5 mg/ml sulfo-NHS-SS-biotin and lysed RIPA Biotinylated proteins were precipitated with streptavi-din-coupled agarose, and the precipitate was subjected to SDS-PAGE and blotted with anti-NHE3 monoclonal antibody. To measure the efﬁciency of the blockade, we performed experiments wherein membrane biotinylation was performed immediately after blockade with sulfo-NHS-acetate (biotin-NHE3 blockade/no incubation). Incom-plete blockade by sulfo-NHS-acetate that is quantiﬁed and corrected as
An EST library from Pucciniagraminis f. sp. tritici reveals genes potentially involved in fungal di¡erentiation

The rust fungus Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici is an obligately biotrophic pathogen on wheat plants and thus difﬁcult to investigate. Hence, little is known about this fungus at the molecular level. We constructed a differential suppression subtractive hybridization cDNA-library from rust-infected vs. healthy wheat plants. The majority of expressed sequence tags (ESTs) showed similarities to fungal sequences. Semiquantitative RT-PCR using mRNA from rust-infected leaves, and from axenically grown, differentiating and nondifferentiating young rust colonies as well as sporulating and nonsporulating mature mycelia revealed rather diverse expression patterns for different ESTs, shedding new light on their potential involvement in differentiation and host–pathogen interaction.