Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On the magnitude of the subgrid-scale eddy coefficient in large-eddy simulations of turbulent channel flow

A series of large-eddy simulations of plane Poiseuille flow are discussed. The subgrid-scale motions are represented by an eddy viscosity related to the flow deformation — the ‘Smagorinsky’ model. The resolution of the computational mesh is varied independently of the value of the coefficient Cs which determines the magnitude of this subgrid eddy viscosity. To ensure that results are from a statistically steady state unrealistic initial conditions are used and sufficient time is allowed for the flow to become independent of the initial conditions. In keeping with previous work it is found that for large Cs the resolved-scale motions are damped out; however, this critical value of Cs is found to depend on the mesh resolution. Only with a fine mesh does the value of Cs previously found to be appropriate for homogeneous turbulence (≈ 0.2) give simulations with sustained resolved-scale motions. The ratio l0/δ of the channel width 2δ to the scale of the ‘Smagorinsky’ mixing length, l0 = CsΔ where Δ is a typical mesh spacing), is found to be the key parameter determining the ‘turbulent’ eddy-viscosity ‘Reynolds number’ of the resolved-scale motions. A fixed value of 10 is regarded as determining the separation of scales into resolved and subgrid. The value of l0 is regarded as a measure of numerical resolution and values of Cs less than about 0.2 correspond to inadequate resolution.
Revisiting Concept and Development of Sustainability Reporting in Banking Research

The concept of sustainability has become one of the new business concerns for all industries, including the banking industry. Furthermore, the industry is under various internal and external pressures to adopt this concept in its business implementation. This concept emphasizes the balance of three aspects: environmental, social, and economic. In order to communicate sustainability aspects to stakeholders, the industry carries out sustainability reporting as one of the initiatives. Along with the implementation of sustainability reporting, related research began to develop by utilizing available reports. Therefore, this study aims to provide quantitative information on the development of sustainability reporting in the banking literature. There are 94 papers in journals, book chapters, conference papers indexed by the Scopus database from 2000-2021. We employed VOSViewer and Excel software to synthesize and analyze the data. This research is limited to the Scopus database and banking sector. In addition, we provide an extensive section to review some relevant papers that directly talk about sustainability reporting in the banking sector.
Stroke risk study based on deep learning-based magnetic resonance imaging carotid plaque automatic segmentation algorithm

Introduction The primary factor for cardiovascular disease and upcoming cardiovascular events is atherosclerosis. Recently, carotid plaque texture, as observed on ultrasonography, is varied and difficult to classify with the human eye due to substantial inter-observer variability. High-resolution magnetic resonance (MR) plaque imaging offers naturally superior soft tissue contrasts to computed tomography (CT) and ultrasonography, and combining different contrast weightings may provide more useful information. Radiation freeness and operator independence are two additional benefits of M RI. However, other than preliminary research on MR texture analysis of basilar artery plaque, there is currently no information addressing MR radiomics on the carotid plaque. Methods For the automatic segmentation of MRI scans to detect carotid plaque for stroke risk assessment, there is a need for a computer-aided autonomous framework to classify MRI scans automatically. We used to detect carotid plaque from MRI scans for stroke risk assessment pre-trained models, fine-tuned them, and adjusted hyperparameters according to our problem. Results Our trained YOLO V3 model achieved 94.81% accuracy, RCNN achieved 92.53% accuracy, and MobileNet achieved 90.23% in identifying carotid plaque from MRI scans for stroke risk assessment. Our approach will prevent incorrect diagnoses brought on by poor image quality and personal experience. Conclusion The evaluations in this work have demonstrated that this methodology produces acceptable results for classifying magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data.
Improving dynamic stability of wind integrated system by incorporating magnetic energy storage

The need to incorporate renewable energy sources in the present grid due to energy demand and environmental issues has led the power industry to face new challenges and unexpected transformations. This new epitome to build a flexible power system with coordination of increasing intermittent renewable energy resources and delivering power efficiently with reliability demand new technologies. This work investigates the coupling of static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) with the most exclusive superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) device designed for the improved functioning of a grid network that is incorporated with a wind farm. The widespread integration of intermittent wind generators in the grid is disturbing its stability and reliability. The SMES is interlinked with the grid system via a power electronic interface and chopper for the energy exchange. This work suggests STATCOM as a power electronic interface and a three‐level chopper configuration with novel control scheme for enhancing the functioning of the test system. This integrated controller (STAT‐SMES) has been analyzed for grid‐connected doubly fed induction generator wind farm under different fault conditions and time durations. The results have been compared without any controller, with STATCOM only, and with the proposed STAT‐SMES controller using MATLAB. The simulation outcomes prove that coupled control scheme is effective and better in handling wind farm integration issues.
Efficient implementation of inverse approach for forecasting hydrological time series using micro GA

This paper implements the inverse approach for forecasting hydrological time series in an efficient way using a micro-GA (mGA) search engine. The inverse approach is based on chaos theory and it involves: (1) calibrating the delay time ((), embedding dimension (m) and number of nearest neighbors (k) simultaneously using a single definite criterion, namely optimum prediction accuracy, (2) verifying that the optimal parameters have wider applicability outside the scope of calibration, and (3) demonstrating that chaotic behaviour is present when optimal parameters are used in conjunction with existing system characterization tools. The first stage is conducted efficiently by coupling the Nonlinear Prediction (NLP) method with mGA using a lookup facility to eliminate costly duplicate NLP evaluations. The mGA-NLP algorithm is applied to a theoretical chaotic time series (Mackey‐Glass) and a real hydrological time series (Mississippi river flow at Vicksburg) to examine its efficiency. Results show that: (1) mGA is capable of producing comparable or superior triplets using only up to 5% of the computational effort of all possible points in the search space, (2) the lookup facility is very cost-effective because only about 50% of the triplets generated by mGA are distinct, (3) mGA seems to produce more robust solutions in the sense that the record length required to achieve a stable optimum triplet is much shorter, and (4) the prediction accuracy is not sensitive to the parameter k. It is sufficient to use k = 10 in future studies. In this way, the 3D search space could be reduced to a much smaller 2D search space of m and t.
A class of rectangle-screened multivariate normal distributions and its applications

A screening problem is tackled by proposing a parametric class of distributions designed to match the behavior of the partially observed screened data. This class is obtained from the nontruncated marginal of the rectangle-truncated multivariate normal distributions. Motivations for the screened distribution as well as some of the basic properties, such as its characteristic function, are presented. These allow us a detailed exploration of other important properties that include closure property in linear transformation, in marginal and conditional operations, and in a mixture operation as well as the first two moments and some sampling distributions. Various applications of these results to the statistical modelling and data analysis are also provided.
Social support mediates the relationship between illness perception and psychosocial adaptation among young and middle-aged kidney transplant recipients in China

Background No research has yet been done on social support’s influence on the association between illness perception and psychosocial adaptation among young and middle-aged kidney transplant recipients in China. Accordingly, it remains unclear how medical personnel can assist patients in successfully adjusting to the early postoperative period and improving their health. Objective This study sought to explore the influence of illness perception and social support on the psychosocial adaptation of young and middle-aged recipients of kidney transplants in China during the early postoperative period. Methods This study adopted a cross-sectional design. The study included 236 young and middle-aged kidney transplant recipients from a tertiary hospital in China. Demographic and disease-related data were collected. Additionally, the Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale-Self-Report, the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire, and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support were used to assess participants’ psychosocial adaptation, illness perception, and social support, respectively. The model was examined using descriptive analysis, Pearson’s correlation analysis, hierarchical multiple regression analysis, and the PROCESS Macro in SPSS 26.0. Results A total of 176 (74.56%) participants reported an average psychosocial adaptation score >50, which is relatively negative. Marital status, education level, residence, per capita monthly income (in Chinese yuan), medical insurance, work status, post-transplant time, body mass index, creatinine status, and complications were all related to psychosocial adaptation (p < 0.05). The more negative their illness perception and the worse their social support, the worse the psychosocial adaptation of young and middle-aged kidney transplant recipients. Further, the effect of illness perception on psychosocial adaptation was partially mediated by social support (36.56%). Conclusion In general, the psychosocial adaption level of young and middle-aged kidney transplant recipients was negative during the early postoperative period. Healthcare teams should assist patients in building a positive illness perception shortly following kidney transplantation, while also providing psychological care and support to help them cope with the onset of psychosocial issues.
Traceability, virulence and antimicrobial resistance of Yersinia enterocolitica in two industrial cheese-making plants.

Between 2018 and 2019, 309 environmental and food samples were collected from two industrial cheese-making plants located in Sardinia, in order to investigate Y. enterocolitica presence and to characterize the isolates. Y. enterocolitica isolates were further compared with isolates detected during a previous investigation from sheep and goat raw milk samples. Y. enterocolitica was detected in 7.4 % of the samples and the prevalence was higher, even if not significantly (P > 0.05) higher in non-food contact surface samples (10.2 %) than in food contact surface samples (3.8 %). The highest prevalence was detected in floor samples (13.5 %), followed by drain samples (7.2 %), which might serve as main harborage sites for further contamination. Y. enterocolitica was also detected in food contact surfaces, namely shelves of the Ricotta cooling room and packaging room, one cheese cutting machine surface and one raw milk filter sample. The biotype 1A isolates identified in this study were classified into six different serotypes. Additionally, a bioserotype 2/O:5,27 isolate was identified in one goat milk sample. All 1A isolates possessed the virulence genes invA and ystB while the 2/O:5,27 isolate showed the presence of ail, ystA, invA and yadA genes, thus confirming a pathogenic potential. The isolates showed intrinsic resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ticarcillin and cefoxitin due to the presence of the blaA gene. Whole genome sequencing allowed to identify seven different sequence types among the 1A isolates, thus showing a high genetic diversity. The same Y. enterocolitica sequence type (ST3) was detected from three different areas of the same cheese-making plant, indicating a possible transfer of the microorganism along the processing lines. Y. enterocolitica contamination in cheese-making plants can pose a risk to human health. Preventive measures include the hygienic design of the plant layout and equipment, in association with proper cleaning and disinfection programmes.
Tricalcium Phosphate as a Bone Substitute to Treat Massive Acetabular Bone Defects in Hip Revision Surgery: A Systematic Review and Initial Clinical Experience with 11 Cases

The use of tricalcium phosphate (TCP) as a bone substitute is gaining increasing interest to treat severe acetabular bone defects in revision total hip arthroplasty (rTHA). The aim of this study was to investigate the evidence regarding the efficacy of this material. A systematic review of the literature was performed according to the PRISMA and Cochrane guidelines. The study quality was assessed using the modified Coleman Methodology Score (mCMS) for all studies. A total of eight clinical studies (230 patients) were identified: six on TCP used as biphasic ceramics composed of TCP and hydroxyapatite (HA), and two as pure-phase ceramics consisting of TCP. The literature analysis showed eight retrospective case series, of which only two were comparative studies. The mCMS showed an overall poor methodology (mean score 39.5). While the number of studies and their methodology are still limited, the available evidence suggests safety and overall promising results. A total of 11 cases that underwent rTHA with a pure-phase ceramic presented satisfactory clinical and radiological outcomes at initial short-term follow-up. Further studies at long-term follow-up, involving a larger number of patients, are needed before drawing more definitive conclusions on the potential of TCP for the treatment of patients who undergo rTHA.
POSSIBILITIES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF DIGITAL LITERACY OF THE JUNIOR GRADES STUDENTS OF PRIMARY SCHOOL

Digital media are inevitable and inseparable part of our present and particularly the future. They largely define our ways of learning, working, communication and entertainment. Among other things, the ubiquity of Internet, the media which is constantly developing and introducing new functionality, has contributed to this. Internet is an integral part of lives of most children since early age. Children's use of Internet is diverse and variable. For children who grow up with digital media is often a priori considered to understand them, and know how to use them in a functional way. Contrary to this, there are empirical evidence that suggest that some students need more time and effort to learn the different aspects of digital literacy and it has increasingly been emphasized the importance and the need of parents', friends' and teachers' support in this field. The digital gap which is observed in terms of access to computers and Internet has decreased, but there are more evident differences in the pupils' ability of Internet use with increasing availability of digital media and their acceptance in education. There are two important questions which are imposed. The first one is what the role of education is in developing digital literacy and the second is role of digital literacy in the lives of young people. Defining digital literacy is the starting point for its measurement and giving support to students in its development. The main objective of this paper is to discuss the origin and the development of the concept of digital literacy. We tried to point out the structural elements of this concept and its relationship to other, similar concepts. We discuss, based on a review of relevant literature, the needs and opportunities of digital literacy in the lower grades of primary school.
A robust analysis of the actuation of a carbon-nanotube-based nanoswitch with sidewall slip

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been widely used in a variety of research in nanoelectromechanical devices due to their excellent mechanical and electrical properties. This study focuses on the modeling and simulation of the actuation of a CNT-based nanoswitch. The CNT is modeled as a wire spanning a trench with displacement-induced tension and negligible bending stiffness. A distributed force is exerted on the nanotube due to the electrical potential difference between it and the trench electrode. This action causes the CNT to deflect toward the electrode. The phenomenon called snap-through occurs when the voltage exceeds a local maximum. The governing equation of the wire is a second-order nonlinear ordinary differential equation (ODE), which is solved by reducing it to a first-order ODE. After removing the singularity in the integral, we apply a numerical integration method. The use of this procedure gives complete results in the entire stable and unstable domains without any convergence issues. This is i.
Achieving Net Zero—An Illustration of Carbon Emissions Reduction with A New Meta-Inverse DEA Approach

To achieve the goal of limiting global warming to 1.5 °C above preindustrial levels, net-zero emissions targets were proposed to assist countries in planning their long-term reduction. Inverse Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) can be used to determine optimal input and output levels without sacrificing the set environmental efficiency target. However, treating countries as having the same capability to mitigate carbon emissions without considering their different developmental stages is not only unrealistic but also inappropriate. Therefore, this study incorporates a meta-concept into inverse DEA. This study adopts a three-stage approach. In the first stage, a meta-frontier DEA method is adopted to assess and compare the eco-efficiency of developed and developing countries. In the second stage, the specific super-efficiency method is adopted to rank the efficient countries specifically focused on carbon performance. In the third stage, carbon dioxide emissions reduction targets are proposed for the developed and developing countries separately. Then, a new meta-inverse DEA method is used to allocate the emissions reduction target to the inefficient countries in each of the specific groups. In this way, we can find the optimal CO2 reduction amount for the inefficient countries with unchanged eco-efficiency levels. The implications of the new meta-inverse DEA method proposed in this study are twofold. The method can identify how a DMU can reduce undesirable outputs without sacrificing the set eco-efficiency target, which is especially useful in achieving net-zero emissions since this method provides a roadmap for decision-makers to understand how to allocate the emissions reduction targets to different units. In addition, this method can be applied to heterogeneous groups where they are assigned to different emissions reduction targets.
X-ray Single Exposure Imaging and Image Processing of Objects with High Absorption Ratio

The dynamic range of an X-ray digital imaging system is very important when detecting objects with a high absorption ratio. In this paper, a ray source filter is used to filter the low-energy ray components which have no penetrating power to the high absorptivity object to reduce the X-ray integral intensity. This enables the effective imaging of the high absorptivity objects and avoids the image saturation of low absorptivity objects, thus achieving single exposure imaging of high absorption ratio objects. However, this method will reduce the image contrast and weaken the image structure information. Therefore, this paper proposes a contrast enhancement method for X-ray images based on Retinex. Firstly, based on Retinex theory, the multi-scale residual decomposition network decomposes the image into an illumination component and a reflection component. Then, the contrast of the illumination component is enhanced through the U-Net model with the global–local attention mechanism, and the reflection component is enhanced in detail using the anisotropic diffused residual dense network. Finally, the enhanced illumination component and the reflected component are fused. The results show that the proposed method can effectively enhance the contrast in X-ray single exposure images of the high absorption ratio objects, and can fully display the structure information of images on devices with low dynamic range.
Methods of preparation and results of sealed gas photomultipliers for visible light

We describe the preparation of a sealed, atmospheric pressure gaseous photomultiplier (GPMT) for the visible spectral range and present the properties of the first prototypes. They consist of a 50 mm diameter semitransparent bialkali photocathode coupled to a 30/spl times/30 mm Kapton-made multi-GEM electron multiplier. High gain of 2/spl times/10/sup 4/ in two-GEM mode and a quantum efficiency of 13% at 405 nm have been reached at atmospheric pressure of Ar/CH/sub 4/ (95:5). The detector structure and experimental setup are described; results are presented on the GPMT gain, ion-feedback and its suppression, stability, and other critical parameters in various gas mixtures. We examine also hot sealing techniques with In/Sn and In/Bi solders.
Do Coping Motives and Perceived Impaired Control Mediate the Indirect Links from Childhood Trauma Facets to Alcohol-Related Problems?

Introduction: The Self-Medication Hypothesis suggests that individuals drink to alleviate undesirable affective states. Behavioral Economics Theory states that individuals deprived of resources (i.e., physically neglected) consume more reinforcing substances when they are available than others. Childhood trauma may indirectly increase impaired control over alcohol (IC; drinking beyond one’s own intentions) and thereby increase alcohol use and problems through the employment of coping-motives. Method: A structural equation model that included sex as a covariate examined mediated paths with 612 university students. Results: Men were less likely to be emotionally abused and were more likely to use greater amounts of alcohol than women did. Physical neglect was directly linked to both more IC and alcohol use. Emotional and sexual abuse were directly linked to more coping motives. Both emotional and sexual abuse were indirectly linked to more alcohol use and its related problems through increased coping motives and IC. Conclusions: Consistent with Behavioral Economics Theory, there was a direct link between physical neglect and IC. We also found partial support for the Self-Medication Hypothesis regarding the emotional and sexual abuse trauma dimensions; they indirectly contributed to alcohol use and its related problems via the mediating mechanisms of more coping motives and IC. Our findings suggest coping motives could be a therapeutic target for intervention among those sexually or emotionally abused.