Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Classification method of lithographic layout patterns based on graph convolutional network with graph attention mechanism

Abstract. Background Layout classification is an important step in computational lithography approaches, such as the source-mask joint optimization, in which the representative samples are selected from each layout classification category to guide the source optimization. As an emerging machine learning method, graph convolutional network (GCN) can effectively perform the graph or image classification by defining a new propagation function to complete the convolution on the topological graph. Aim We propose a new kind of GCN model combined with the graph attention mechanism, dubbed GAM-GCN, to classify the lithography layout patterns fast and accurately. Approach By adding a graph attention layer, the weight coefficients of each pair of neighboring nodes are adaptively learned to improve the network performance. In addition, the model incorporates a skip connection structure to solve the over-smooth problem caused by the deep GCN model. Conclusions Compared with some traditional deep learning methods and the GCN method, GAM-GCN obtains a significant improvement in classification accuracy while ensuring the computational efficiency.
Anti-moulding Activity of Oleylamine-capped Silver Nanoparticles

Moulds are filamentous fungus that may grow on a wide range of surfaces, including built surfaces, food, decaying organic debris, and humid environments. Mould development is distinguished by an unpleasant odour and an unsightly look in confined or non-ventilated areas. They pose a health risk due to their propensity to create and release mycotoxins, which are harmful to both animals and humans. This research aimed to assess the antifungal activity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) capped with oleylamine (OLA), which can be utilized to effectively inhibit mould development. The produced AgNPs had a maximum absorbance at 409 nm in the ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrum and a particle size of 8.44 ± 1.73 nm, from transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images. The OLA-capped AgNPs had a face-centred cubic (fcc) structure, comparable to bulk silver, with diffraction peaks at 38.3°, 44.5°, 64.7° and 77.9°, which are indexed to the (111), (200), (220) and (311) lattice planes. The existence of elemental silver was confirmed using energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) which showed the predominant amount of silver, oxygen, and carbon. Tests for fungal growth that causes mould revealed that AgNPs remarkably inhibit growth in a dose-dependent manner.
Paleomagnetic constraints of the geodynamic history of Romania

statistically significant number of samples and sites, can give a reliable record of the ancient geomagnetic field at the site of rock formation. The basic hypothesis that the geomagnetic field was, on average, that of an axial and geocentric dipole permits the paleomagnetist to interpret his results in terms of paleolatitude of the sampling site and its location with respect to the paleomeridians. When paleomagnetic directions from a possibly displaced or rotated block are compared with those from a neighbouring craton, the declination difference between an expected or reference direction and an observed direction indicate the amount of rotation, whereas the paleolatitude difference indicates north-south displacement. Paleomagnetic data provide the best, often the only, means for measuring rotations on vertical axes (e.g. Jackson and McKenzie, 1989; Garfunkel, 1989). Physical and mathematical arguments show that the observed movement on faults within a wide zone of continental deformation does not in general determine the rotation rate of the rigid block bounded by faults. Only if an a priori model for the deformation is assumed can the fault movements be related to observations of paleomagnetic rotations. Even when such a model is valid, the faulting determines the block rotations relative to the boundaries of the zone, whereas the paleomagnetic data measure the rotation with respect to the Earth's rotation axis. Since geological, geodetic, seismic, and paleomagnetic measurements tend to sample complementary aspects of the deformation field, we need an integrated observation program to find the answer at the question whether deformation of continents is more accurately describe by the motion of a few small rigid plates or by quasi-continuous flow. In this paper, I will review the most important paleomagnetic results from the Romania territory. Then a discussion of paleomagnetic constrains on the Cainozoic geodynamic history will follow. The paleomagnetic data will be presented together with a review of the geological structural data (Maţenco, 1997) to support a future integrated model of tectonic evolution of Carpatho- Pannonian area.
MicroRNAs Can Influence Ovarian Cancer Progression by Dysregulating Integrin Activity

Simple Summary MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNA molecules that regulate gene expression, with significant implications in ovarian cancer development and progression. Their dysregulation can act as either oncogenes or tumor suppressors in ovarian cancer. For instance, the miR-200 family is associated with increased invasive capabilities in cancer cells, while the let-7 family controls cell proliferation and migration. Moreover, miRNAs have shown involvement in ovarian cancer chemoresistance, such as the role of miR-21 in cisplatin resistance. The potential of miRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers is being investigated, with certain miRNAs correlating with tumor stage and survival. Therapeutic strategies, including miRNA mimics and inhibitors, are being developed to target dysregulated miRNAs, showing promise in preclinical studies. Another area of focus is the relation between miRNAs and integrins, proteins crucial for cell migration, adhesion, and proliferation. Specific miRNAs have been found to regulate ovarian cancer progression by targeting integrin mRNA, thereby influencing cancer cell activities. This relationship underscores the therapeutic potential of targeting miRNAs and integrins in ovarian cancer treatment, pointing to a novel direction for research and clinical application. Abstract Ovarian cancer is a deadly disease that affects thousands of women worldwide. Integrins, transmembrane receptors that mediate cell adhesion and signaling, play important roles in ovarian cancer progression, metastasis, and drug resistance. Dysregulated expression of integrins is implicated in various cellular processes, such as cell migration, invasion, and proliferation. Emerging evidence suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) can regulate integrin expression and function, thus affecting various physiological and pathological processes, including ovarian cancer. In this article, we review the current understanding of integrin-mediated cellular processes in ovarian cancer and the roles of miRNAs in regulating integrins. We also discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting miRNAs that regulate integrins for the treatment of ovarian cancer. Targeting miRNAs that regulate integrins or downstream signaling pathways of integrins may provide novel therapeutic strategies for inhibiting integrin-mediated ovarian cancer progression.
Data on Streamflow and Quality of Water and Bottom Sediment in and near Humboldt Wildlife Management Area, Churchill and Pershing Counties, Nevada, 1998-2000

Abstract : This study was initiated to expand upon previous findings that indicated concentrations of dissolved solids, arsenic, boron, mercury, molybdenum,selenium, and uranium were either above geochemical background concentrations or were approaching or exceeding ecological criteria in the lower Humboldt River system. Data were collected from May 1998 to September 2000 to further characterize streamflow and surface-water and bottom-sediment quality in the lower Humboldt River, selected agricultural drains, Upper Humboldt Lake, and lower Humboldt Drain (ephemeral outflow from Humboldt Sink).
The Model, Dilemma and Outlet of Resilience Governance of Grassroots Community from the Perspective of Risk Society

During the period of social governance transformation, China and even the world have entered a high-risk stage. In such a risk community, the community, as the basic unit of social organism, is a key link and important support for stabilizing social order and improving social governance in the face of sudden major risk events. From the perspective of community resilience, it not only undertakes the interdisciplinary mission of Community Governance, but also broadens the resilient governance pattern of combining hardness and flexibility in the community. However, the current community risk prevention and control in China also exposes the shortcomings and problems in the resilience governance of grassroots communities in terms of process resilience, structural resilience, psychological resilience, and technological resilience. In view of this, in the new risk society of the post pandemic era, it is necessary to enhance the diversification of community resilience governance entities, strengthen emergency management mechanisms, cultivate citizens' awareness and ability to respond to risks, accelerate the construction of smart communities, and gradually achieve normal and good governance of communities in high-risk societies.
Mitochondria and Brain Disease: A Comprehensive Review of Pathological Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities

Mitochondria play a vital role in maintaining cellular energy homeostasis, regulating apoptosis, and controlling redox signaling. Dysfunction of mitochondria has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various brain diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders, stroke, and psychiatric illnesses. This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of the intricate relationship between mitochondria and brain disease, focusing on the underlying pathological mechanisms and exploring potential therapeutic opportunities. The review covers key topics such as mitochondrial DNA mutations, impaired oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial dynamics, calcium dysregulation, and reactive oxygen species generation in the context of brain disease. Additionally, it discusses emerging strategies targeting mitochondrial dysfunction, including mitochondrial protective agents, metabolic modulators, and gene therapy approaches. By critically analysing the existing literature and recent advancements, this review aims to enhance our understanding of the multifaceted role of mitochondria in brain disease and shed light on novel therapeutic interventions.
An Experimental Methodology for Modeling Surge Protective Devices: An Application to DC SPDs for Electric Vehicle Charging Stations

This work introduces an experimental methodology for time-domain modeling of low-voltage surge protective devices (SPDs), accounting for their sparkover performance as well as their resistive, inductive, and capacitive behavior. The modeling procedure is demonstrated through an application to a combination type SPD connected to the DC side of electric vehicle charging stations. An equivalent circuit model is developed based on experimental records acquired from applied voltages and currents of a wide frequency range and energy content. The developed lumped-circuit model yields results in very good agreement with experimental data regarding sparkover voltage, residual voltage, and energy absorption of SPDs, as illustrated through ATP-EMTP simulations. The proposed methodology can be an effective tool for surge protection and insulation coordination studies.
The freezing of lakes in winter

Freezing of lakes is described using a simplified one-dimensional model, which gives ice thickness, ice growth rates, and ice surface temperature as a function of time. Model data for a specific lake with known meteorological conditions are compared to estimated ice thickness using a simple optical method. Finally, more advanced potential students projects are briefly discussed and results of a numerical solution are compared to the simplified model.
Great mimicker – a case of occult melanoma displaying ganglioneuroblastic differentiation

Melanomas are known for their diverse morphological features, presenting a diagnostic challenge for pathologists. Uncommon variations of melanoma can exhibit distinct cytological and histomorphological characteristics, including ganglioneuroblastic differentiation. However, this phenomenon is extremely rare, with only a few documented cases. Here, we present a unique case of an occult metastatic melanoma with ganglioneuroblastic differentiation developing in a 76-year-old male. The diagnosis was based on histopathology, immunophenotyping, and molecular testing, which revealed SOX10 positivity and an NRAS mutation. Notably, classic melanoma markers HMB45 and melan-A were negative, highlighting the importance of considering alternative markers. This case emphasizes the significance of immunohistochemistry and molecular investigation in diagnosing melanomas with unusual features and identifying appropriate candidates for immune checkpoint therapy. Additionally, the occurrence of ganglioneuroblastic differentiation further supports a shared histogenetic origin from the neural crest. Improved understanding of such rare variants contributes to accurate diagnosis and optimal management of melanoma patients.
Genome-Wide Analysis of the Amino Acid Permeases Gene Family in Wheat and TaAAP1 Enhanced Salt Tolerance by Accumulating Ethylene

Amino acid permeases (AAPs) are proteins of the integral membrane that play important roles in plant growth, development, and responses to various stresses. The molecular functions of several AAPs were characterized in Arabidopsis and rice, but there is still limited information on wheat. Here, we identified 51 AAP genes (TaAAPs) in the wheat genome, classified into six groups based on phylogenetic and protein structures. The chromosome location and gene duplication analysis showed that gene duplication events played a crucial role in the expansion of the TaAAPs gene family. Collinearity relationship analysis revealed several orthologous AAPs between wheat and other species. Moreover, cis-element analysis of promoter regions and transcriptome data suggested that the TaAAPs can respond to salt stress. A TaAAP1 gene was selected and transformed in wheat. Overexpressing TaAAP1 enhanced salt tolerance by increasing the expression of ethylene synthesis genes (TaACS6/TaACS7/TaACS8) and accumulating more ethylene. The present study provides an overview of the AAP family in the wheat genome as well as information on systematics, phylogenetics, and gene duplication, and shows that overexpressing TaAAP1 enhances salt tolerance by regulating ethylene production. These results serve as a theoretical foundation for further functional studies on TaAAPs in the future.
Analysis of Scattering Characteristics of Height-Adjustable Phased Array With Ultrawideband Dual-Linear Polarized RCS Amplitude Regulation

The analysis of the antenna’s structural mode scattering and antenna mode scattering is presented in this article to realize a height-adjustable phased array’s (hPA’s) scattering manipulation. The proposed hPA is designed with monostatic radar cross section (mRCS) amplitude regulation performance for dual-linear polarized waves. Unlike the scattering suppression designs of existing antennas, the inevitable higher-order-mode reflection at ultrawideband frequency has been considered to realize the hPA’s mRCS amplitude regulation. With perfect absorption for in-band RCS reduction, the reflection coefficient with the higher-order-mode condition has been integrated into the antenna mode scattering to accomplish the hPA’s out-of-band mRCS reduction. Based on the spatial phase cancellation method, a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$4\times8$ </tex-math></inline-formula> element hPA optimized for 5 and 15 dB ultrawideband mRCS reductions is designed, measured, and analyzed. The measured 5 and 15 dB RCS reduction for <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$x$ </tex-math></inline-formula>- and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$y$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-polarized waves are both from 3 to 30 GHz and exhibit a fractional bandwidth (FBW) of 164%. Furthermore, the hPA realizes a large angle beam steering up to 60° in the xo z-plane with a controllable sidelobe level (SLL). The proposed analysis method for an antenna’s scattering characteristics will provide a new perspective for the realization of phased array’s (PA’s) ultrawideband mRCS reduction.
The Influence of Proactive Personality on Teachers’ Professional Identity: The Moderating Effect of Person–Organization Fit

This research tried to explore the moderating effect of Person–Organization Fit (P-O Fit) in the impact of proactive personality on teachers’ professional identity. The data was collected by distributing questionnaires online to teachers of two high schools in Xiangtan. The analysis results show that P-O fit has a moderating effect on proactive personality and teachers’ professional identity. The positive impact of proactive personality on teachers’ professional identity will be stronger when the P-O fit is high. The results also show that young or newly engaged teachers have lower professional identity. Therefore, this study suggests school administrators pay attention to the development of young teachers’ professional identity and improve the fit between teachers and schools to improve the teaching quality.
Students’ problem solving skill in nuclear physics course through NPIRL

This study aimed to describe students’ problem solving skill in nuclear physics course through the implementation of the Nuclear Physics Inquiry Remote Laboratory (NPIRL). This study employed a pre-experimental quantitative method. The research design was one group pretest-posttest design. The subject of the study was 14 physics students at a university in Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan. In selecting the research subjects, the researchers used purposive sampling technique. The instrument used was a problem-solving skills test in the form of an essay consisting of five questions, and each question consisted of six indicators in problem solving skill according to the Osborn-Parnes Creative Problem Solving (CPS). This research found that the N-gain of students' problem solving skill was 0.32 in the medium category. There are four indicators of problem-solving skills that are categorized as medium: objective finding, fact finding, problem finding and idea finding. Two other low-category indicators are solution finding and acceptance finding. Based on these findings, it is concluded that students’ problem solving skill in nuclear physics course through NPIRL have increased.
Long response to camrelizumab in metastatic lung squamous cell carcinoma with high PD-L1 expression despite EGFR G719S mutation: A case report

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been widely used in non-small cell lung cancer with wildtype EGFR/ALK genes. However, the effect of ICIs on advanced NSCLC with EGFR genes sensitive mutations has been controversial. There are no reports on whether ICIs monotherapy can be used in the treatment of NSCLC with EGFR sensitive mutations. A patient with metastatic lung squamous cell carcinoma with EGFR G719s mutations, high PD-L1 score and a tuberculosis history was given first-line treatment of afatinib, camrelizumab monotherapy (200 mg, intravenous, once every three weeks) from February 24,2020 to January 2023. The patient achieved partial response (PR) after treatment with camrelizumab. The progress-free survival (PFS) due to camrelizumab monotherapy was more than 34 months.It is concluded that camrelizumab has promising potential effectiveness as a treatment option for lung squamous cell cancer with EGFR G719 mutations and high PD-L1 score.
The North Alabama Severe Thunderstorm Observations, Research, and Monitoring Network (STORMnet)

The Severe Thunderstorm Observations, Research, and Monitoring network (STORMnet) became operational in 2001 as a test bed to infuse new science and technologies into the severe and hazardous weather forecasting and warning process. STORMnet is collaboration among NASA scientists, National Weather Service (NWS) forecasters, emergency managers and other partners. STORMnet integrates total lightning observations from a ten-station 3-D VHF regional lightning mapping array, the National Lightning Detection Network (NLDN), real-time regional NEXRAD Doppler radar, satellite visible and infrared imagers, and a mobile atmospheric profiling system to characterize storms and their evolution. The storm characteristics and life-cycle trending are accomplished in real-time through the second generation Lightning Imaging Sensor Demonstration and Display (LISDAD II), a distributed processing system with a JAVA-based display application that allows anyone, anywhere to track individual storm histories within the Tennessee Valley region of north Alabama and Tennessee, a region of the southeastern U.S. well known for abundant severe weather.
Non-Traditional Threats and Maritime Domain Awareness in the Tri-Border Area of Southeast Asia: The Coast Watch System of the Philippines

Abstract : The tri-border area (TBA) between the Philippines, Malaysia, and Indonesia has been identified as a key hub of terrorist and related criminal activity in Southeast Asia. This geographical space is a well-known transit zone for weapons, explosives, and personnel, as well as a principal logistical corridor for local and transnational terrorist groups. The U.S. government has devoted considerable resources to promoting maritime security initiatives in this region and, through a variety of capacity-building efforts, has been at the forefront of underwriting initiatives in each of the three countries. This approach has necessarily been country-specific, with an eye toward developing solutions that uniquely fit each nation. However, the ultimate goal has been to encourage cooperation and interoperability, both among the recipient states and with the United States.