Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Forty-year radiological follow-up of a patient undergoing bilateral developmental dysplasia of the hip surgery: A joint with remodeling capacity

Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) has a wide spectrum of deformities, from a mildly dysplastic hip to a severely dysplastic or fully dislocated hip. [1] There is still little information about the exact etiopathogenesis of DDH and many genetic, mechanical and environmental risk factors are effective in its development. Although the diagnosis of DDH is usually made at an early age, there may be cases diagnosed in adolescence or adulthood. In case of late diagnosis, the probability of complications increases exponentially in the long-term. [2]
Antimicrobial efficacy of grape seed extract in terminating the ramifications of plaque microorganisms: a randomized control study

Background Grape seed extract contains Proanthocyanin, which reduces collagen degradation by inhibiting interstitial and extracellular collagenase, thus having the potential to reduce the progression of periodontitis. Here we compare and evaluate the aerobic and anaerobic microorganism’s CFUs (colony forming units) in plaque samples of Group A, Group B, Group C and severity of periodontal disease on day 0 and 7. Methods Forty-five subjects in age range 18–30 years were selected among undergraduate students and randomly divided into Group A: 15, 2% grape seed extract mouthwash (GSE), Group B: 15, 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash (CHX) and Group C: 15, distilled water (control). The supragingival plaque was collected into transport media. Kruskal Wallis test followed by Mann Whitney test was used to compare the mean CFUs (×103) of microorganisms and severity of periodontal disease was compared, by clinical parameters among all groups on day 0 and 7. Results There was a significant difference concerning mean scores of all clinical parameters (P<0.001) and mean CFUs of microorganisms between 3 study groups (P=0.005) at 7 days post-intervention period. Intragroup comparison, mean scores were significantly reduced on day 7 as compared to day 0 at (P<0.001) in Group A and B, but no significant difference was noted with Group C. Conclusion Intervention with GSE mouthwash showed a positive effect on reducing CFUs in the plaque when compared with the control group. GSE group also showed similar results in reducing CFUs in plaque when compared to CHX group, thereby demonstrating the agent’s antimicrobial efficacy, therapeutic effect and its potential usefulness in controlling plaque and periodontal diseases.
The Roles of circRNAs in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration: Inflammation, Extracellular Matrix Metabolism, and Apoptosis

Low back pain (LBP) is seriously harmful to human health and produces heavy economic burden. And most scholars hold that intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is the primary cause of LBP. With the study of IDD, aberrant expression of gene has become an important pathogenic factor of IDD. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), as a kind of noncoding RNA (ncRNA), participate in the regulation of genetic transcription and translation and further affect the expression of inflammatory cytokine, metabolism of extracellular matrix (ECM), the proliferation and apoptosis of cells, etc. Therefore, maybe it will become a new therapeutic target for IDD. At present, our understanding of the mechanism of circRNAs in IDD is limited. The purpose of this review is to summarize the mechanism and related signaling pathways of circRNAs in IDD reported in the past. Particularly, the roles of circRNAs in inflammation, ECM metabolism, and apoptosis are emphasized.
Assessment of Moringa oleifera Lam. Seeds Potential as an Adsorbent Material for Soybean Oil Bleaching

During the refining process of vegetable oils, the removal of pigments occurs in the bleaching stage, in which oil-adsorbent agents are used. Although various types of adsorbent materials are commercially available, alternative bleaching agents are being constantly investigated to increase the efficiency of this step. This work used seeds of Moringa oleifera Lam. in natura and in the form of activated charcoal to remove chlorophyll from soybean oil. The techniques used for this purpose were infrared with Fourier transform (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), chlorophyll by ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) spectroscopy, titratable acidity, gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector (GC-FID), and direct infusion by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry in positive ion mode (ESI(+)-MS). The results obtained showed that the defatted seeds of Moringa did not have the potential to remove chlorophyll from the oil. Activated charcoal produced from seeds, on the other hand, was effective as a bleaching agent, removing 97.53% of the chlorophyll content of the treated soybean oil. Besides, the use of coal obtained from Moringa seeds did not significantly change the composition of fatty acids, therefore, the use of coal as Moringa seeds is indicated. As a result, the activated charcoal from Moringa seeds has the potential to be used during the refining process of soybean oil.
Analysis of waveguide polarizers using equivalent network and finite elements methods

Current research is dedicated to the development of new theoretical model for guide polarization converter with irises. New created model is derived based on the equivalent circuits and transmission line representations. Specific feature of the model consists in the possibility of account of irises thickness in the simulations by approximate single-mode method. Using equivalent lumped elements of the circuits we obtained general scattering matrices of the polarization transformer for fundamental modes of vertical and horizontal linear polarizations. Besides, numerical simulations and optimization of the device were carried out by finite elements method. Good agreement of obtained optimal sizes and polarization characteristics is observed. Provided by the polarizer phase difference between two orthogonal polarizations falls within range 90°±5° in the operating Ku-band. Calculated ellipticity coefficient is better than 1.5 dB. Developed model can be applied for designing of new waveguide polarization converters, filters and other waveguide components with irises.
Land Cover Classification from Hyperspectral Images via Weighted Spatial-Spectral Kernel Collaborative Representation with Tikhonov Regularization

Precise and timely classification of land cover types plays an important role in land resources planning and management. In this paper, nine kinds of land cover types in the acquired hyperspectral scene are classified based on the kernel collaborative representation method. To reduce the spectral shift caused by adjacency effect when mining the spatial-spectral features, a correlation coefficient-weighted spatial filtering operation is proposed in this paper. Additionally, by introducing this operation into the kernel collaborative representation method with Tikhonov regularization (KCRT) and discriminative KCRT (DKCRT) method, respectively, the weighted spatial-spectral KCRT (WSSKCRT) and weighted spatial-spectral DKCRT (WSSDKCRT) methods are constructed for land cover classification. Furthermore, aiming at the problem of difficulty of pixel labeling in hyperspectral images, this paper attempts to establish an effective land cover classification model in the case of small-size labeled samples. The proposed WSSKCRT and WSSDKCRT methods are compared with four methods, i.e., KCRT, DKCRT, KCRT with composite kernel (KCRT-CK), and joint DKCRT (JDKCRT). The experimental results show that the proposed WSSKCRT method achieves the best classification performance, and WSSKCRT and WSSDKCRT outperform KCRT-CK and JDKCRT, respectively, obtaining the OA over 94% with only 540 labeled training samples, which indicates that the proposed weighted spatial filtering operation can effectively alleviate the spectral shift caused by adjacency effect, and it can effectively classify land cover types under the situation of small-size labeled samples.
Evaluating Project Decisions: Case Studies in Software Engineering

Effective decisions are crucial to the success of any software project, but to make better decisions you need a better decision-making process. In Evaluating Project Decisions, leading project management experts introduce an innovative decision model that helps you tailor your decision-making process to systematically evaluate all of your decisions and avoid the bad choices that lead to project failure. Using a real-world, case study approach, the authors show how to evaluate software project problems and situations more effectively, thoughtfully assess your alternatives, and improve the decisions you make. Drawing on their own extensive research and experience, the authors bridge software engineering theory and practice, offering guidance that is both well-grounded and actionable. They present dozens of detailed examples from both successful and unsuccessful projects, illustrating what to do and what not to do. Evaluating Project Decisions will help you to analyze your options and ultimately make better decisions at every stage in your project, including: RequirementsElicitation, description, verification, validation, negotiation, contracting, and management over the software life cycle EstimatesConceptual solution design, decomposition, resource and overhead allocation, estimate construction, and change management PlanningDefining objectives, policies, and scope; planning tasks, milestones, schedules, budgets, staff and other resources; and managing projects against plans ProductProper product definition, development process management, QA, configuration management, delivery, installation, training, and field service ProcessDefining, selecting, understanding, teaching, and measuring processes; evaluating process performance; and process improvement or optimization In addition, you will see how to evaluate decisions related to risk, people, stakeholder expectations, and global development. Simply put, youll use what you learn here on every project, in any industry, whatever your goals, and for projects of any duration, size, or type.
Radioactive waste treatment technology: a review

Abstract Radioactive waste is generated from activities that utilize nuclear materials such as nuclear medicine or power plants. Depending on their half-life, they emit radiation continuously, ranging from seconds to millions of years. Exposure to ionizing radiation can cause serious harm to humans and the environment. Therefore, special attention is paid to the management of radioactive waste in order to deal with its large quantity and dangerous levels. Current treatment technologies are still being developed to improve efficiency in reducing the hazard level and waste volume, to minimize the impact on living organisms. Thus, the aim of this study was to provide an overview of the global radioactive waste treatment technologies that have been released in 2019–2021.
Development of Financial System Inclusiveness at the present stage: international and Russian experience

The relevance of the work is determined by the role that financial systems play in the economic, social and technological development of the countries. Financial technologies, digital technologies are one of the key factors shaping the space of inclusiveness of the financial system at the present stage. Despite the positive dynamics of the penetration and use of financial services and tools, there is an inequality between the least and most developed regions, urban and rural areas, which is especially characteristic of federal states, as well as between individual population groups. In the economic literature, sufficient access to financial services is identified as a trigger for economic growth and reducing income inequality. The article deals with the theoretical concepts related to the development of the inclusiveness of financial relations. The role of the institutional environment is rethought, and the focus is on the global challenges associated with the spread of coronavirus. The authors propose a complementary approach to the categories of "inclusiveness of the financial system" and "financial accessibility", involvement in financial management through the meaningful use of financial services and tools, which can have a positive impact on the growth of well-being. The institutional environment plays a crucial role in achieving economic growth and financial inclusion. It diversifies risks, ensuring the security of financial transactions, including in the online space, and increasing the level of trust. The problems, prospects and factors on the way to the development of financial inclusion are critically analyzed. The analysis of the methods of increasing the availability of financial services is carried out. The directions for further research are the expansion of the institutional elements of the financial system, which develops on the principles of inclusiveness, and the study of the impact of additional factors on the Russian financial system, taking into account the global experience.
Design of a Fuzzy Fractional Order Adaptive Impedance Controller with Integer Order Approximation for Stable Robotic Contact Force Tracking in Uncertain Environment

Abstract Current research in robot compliance control is unable to take both transient contact force overshoots and steady-state force tracking problems into account. To address this problem, we propose a fuzzy fractional order (FO) adaptive impedance controller to avoid the force overshoots in the contact stage while keeping force error in the dynamic tracking stage, where traditional control algorithms are not competent. A percentage gain is adopted to map FO parameters to integer order (IO) parameters by their natural properties, and a fuzzy logical controller is introduced to improve the system stability. The simulation results indicate that the proposed controller can be made more stable than and superior to the general impedance controller, and the force tracking results also have been compared with the previous control methods.
The Concept of the Power's Influence on the Economy: Theory and Methodology of the Issue

Power is a scientific and applied field of research in various sciences: sociology, political science, management, psychology. The article presents the theory and methodology of the study of economic power, primarily in economic science. It is concluded that economic power is a resource, since it can be used to both increase and reduce economic efficiency.
Application of a high‐resolution in vitro human MDR1‐MDCK assay and in vivo studies in preclinical species to improve prediction of CNS drug penetration

P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp, MDR1) is expressed at the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and restricts penetration of its substrates into the central nervous system (CNS). In vitro MDR1 assays are frequently used to predict the in vivo relevance of MDR1‐mediated efflux at the BBB. It has been well established that drug candidates with high MDR1 efflux ratios (ERs) display poor CNS penetration. Following a comparison of MDR1 transporter function between the MDR1‐MDCKI cell line from National Institutes of Health (NIH) and our internal MDR1‐MDCKII cell line, the former was found to provide better predictions of in vivo brain penetration than our in‐house MDR1‐MDCKII cell line. In particular, the NIH MDR1 assay has an improved sensitivity to differentiate the compounds with ERs of <3 in our internal cell line and is able to reduce the risk of false negatives. A better correlation between NIH MDR1 ERs and brain penetration in rat and non‐human primate (NHP) was demonstrated. Additionally, a comparison of brain penetration time course of MDR1 substrates and an MDR1 non‐substrate in NHP demonstrated that MDR1 interaction can delay the time to equilibrium of drug concentration in the brain with plasma. It is recommended to select highly permeable compounds without MDR1 interaction for rapid brain penetration to produce the maximal pharmacological effect in the CNS with a quicker onset.
Extracellular Vesicles Derived From Murine Cementoblasts Possess the Potential to Increase Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-κB Ligand-Induced Osteoclastogenesis

Cementum resorption, unlike bone resorption, is clinically known to occur only with limited pathological stimuli, such as trauma, orthodontic forces, and large apical periodontitis; however, the molecular mechanisms that control osteoclast formation on the cementum surface remain unclear. In this study, we focused on extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by cementoblasts and analyzed their effects on osteoclast differentiation. EVs were extracted from the conditioned medium (CM) of the mouse cementoblast cell line OCCM-30. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis confirmed the presence of EVs with a diameter of approximately 50–200 nm. The effect of the EVs on osteoclast differentiation was examined using the mouse osteoclast progenitor cell line RAW 264.7 with recombinant receptor activator of nuclear factor (NF)-κB ligand (rRANKL) stimulation. EVs enhanced the formation of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity-positive cells upon rRANKL stimulation. EVs also enhanced the induction of osteoclast-associated gene and protein expression in this condition, as determined by real-time PCR and Western blotting, respectively. On the other hand, no enhancing effect of EVs was observed without rRANKL stimulation. A Western blot analysis revealed no expression of receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) in EVs themselves. The effect on rRANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation was examined using the CM of cementoblasts in terms of TRAP activity-positive cell formation and osteoclast-associated gene expression. The conditioned medium partly inhibited rRANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation and almost completely suppressed its enhancing effect by EVs. These results indicate that cementoblasts secreted EVs, which enhanced RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation, and simultaneously produced soluble factors that neutralized this enhancing effect of EVs, implicating this balance in the regulation of cementum absorption. A more detailed understanding of this crosstalk between cementoblasts and osteoclasts will contribute to the development of new therapies for pathological root resorption.
A Method for Measuring Contact Points in Human–Object Interaction Utilizing Infrared Cameras

This article presents a novel method for measuring contact points in human–object interaction. Research in multiple prehension-related fields, e.g., action planning, affordance, motor function, ergonomics, and robotic grasping, benefits from accurate and precise measurements of contact points between a subject’s hands and objects. During interaction, the subject’s hands occlude the contact points, which poses a major challenge for direct optical measurement methods. Our method solves the occlusion problem by exploiting thermal energy transfer from the subject’s hand to the object surface during interaction. After the interaction, we measure the heat emitted by the object surface with four high-resolution infrared cameras surrounding the object. A computer-vision algorithm detects the areas in the infrared images where the subject’s fingers have touched the object. A structured light 3D scanner produces a point cloud of the scene, which enables the localization of the object in relation to the infrared cameras. We then use the localization result to project the detected contact points from the infrared camera images to the surface of the 3D model of the object. Data collection with this method is fast, unobtrusive, contactless, markerless, and automated. The method enables accurate measurement of contact points in non-trivially complex objects. Furthermore, the method is extendable to measuring surface contact areas, or patches, instead of contact points. In this article, we present the method and sample grasp measurement results with publicly available objects.
Long Noncoding RNA Metastasis-Associated Lung Adenocarcinoma Transcript 1 in Extracellular Vesicles Promotes Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation, Liver Fibrosis and β-Catenin Signaling Pathway

Evidence shows that the long noncoding RNA metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (Lnc-MALAT1) is associated with activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and liver fibrosis in animal and in vitro studies. However, its roles in human liver fibrosis and the underlying mechanism in HSC activation are not yet defined. In our current study, the expression of Lnc-MALAT1 in the fibrotic liver tissues and in the plasma extracelllar vesicles (EVs) of liver fibrosis patients was detected by FISH and qRT-PCR. The results revealed that enhanced expression of Lnc-MALAT1 was co-localized with increased expression of the fibrotic markers (collagen I and α-SMA) and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling proteins (β-catenin, cyclinD1 and c-myc) in the fibrotic liver tissues. The level of Lnc-MALAT1 in the plasma EVs isolated from 60 liver fibrosis patients was significantly increased compared with that of the 46 control patients, and area under receiver operating curve (AUROC) analysis showed that plasma EVs-Lnc-MALAT1 was a potential diagnostic marker for liver fibrosis, especially for high liver fibrosis. Plasma EVs with highly expressed Lnc-MALAT1 derived from high liver fibrosis patients up-regulated the expression of the fibrotic markers and enhanced the Wnt/β-catenin signaling in human hepatic stellate cells LX-2, and the fibrogenic effects in LX-2 were inhibited by Lnc-MALAT1 knock-down. Interestingly, TGF-β1, a potent pro-fibrotic cytokine, promoted the expression of Lnc-MALAT1 in LX-2 and its pro-fibrotic effects were also abolished by siRNA for Lnc-MALAT1, suggesting that Lnc-MALAT1 probably functions as a common mediator in the activation and fibrogenesis of HSCs. Our results indicate that enhanced expression of Lnc-MALAT1 in the fibrotic liver stimulate the activation of HSCs and thus promote their fibrogenic activity. These results also provide evidences that Lnc-MALAT1 is a potential therapeutic target and plasma EVs-Lnc-MALAT1 is a potential diagnostic biomarker for liver fibrosis.
The Importance of Being “That” Colorectal pT1: A Combined Clinico-Pathological Predictive Score to Improve Nodal Risk Stratification

The management of endoscopically resected pT1 colorectal cancer (CRC) relies on nodal metastasis risk estimation based on the assessment of specific histopathological features. Avoiding the overtreatment of metastasis-free patients represents a crucial unmet clinical need. By analyzing a consecutive series of 207 pT1 CRCs treated with colectomy and lymphadenectomy, this study aimed to develop a novel clinicopathological score to improve pT1 CRC metastasis prediction. First, we established the clinicopathological profile of metastatic cases: lymphovascular invasion (OR: 23.8; CI: 5.12–110.9) and high-grade tumor budding (OR: 5.21; CI: 1.60–16.8) correlated with an increased risk of nodal metastasis, while age at diagnosis >65 years (OR: 0.26; CI: 0.09–0.71) and high tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (OR: 0.19; CI: 0.06–0.59) showed a protective effect. Combining these features, we built a five-tier risk score that, applied to our series, identified cases with a higher risk (score ≥ 2) of nodal metastasis (OR: 7.7; CI: 2.4–24.4). Notably, a score of 0 was only assigned to cases with no metastases (13/13 cases) and all the score 4 samples (2/2 cases) showed nodal metastases. In conclusion, we developed an effectively combined score to assess pT1 CRC nodal metastasis risk. We believe that its adoption within a multidisciplinary pT1 unit could improve patients' clinical management and limit surgical overtreatment.