Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cost-Efficient Energy Monitoring of Manufacturing Machines Based on Nonintrusive Load Monitoring

In order to increase the energy efficiency of manufacturing machines, knowledge about their energy consumption is necessary, preferably on machine component level and including the temporal behavior. To gain such information, nowadays dozens of current clamps have to be installed in the machine by a professional. A more cost-efficient alternative could be the use of non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM), which is already popular in households. This paper highlights several challenges when trying to transfer NILM from households to manufacturing machines. It then focuses on a previously unresolved problem of disaggregating motors with a time varying active power demand and presents a new solution, which was successfully applied to a thermoform machine.
Trend Inflation and an Empirical Test of Real Rigidities

Positive trend inﬂation resolves the observational equivalence of various sources of real rigidities which are ﬁrst-order equivalent under zero trend inﬂation. This paper builds on this observation to assess the empirical performance of three widely used types of real rigidities — ﬁrm-speciﬁc capital, ﬁrm-speciﬁc wages and a kinked-demand curve — in matching the U.S. inﬂation dynamics. Firm-speciﬁc wages outperform the kinked-demand curve and ﬁrm-speciﬁc capital in terms of empirical ﬁt. We document that positive trend inﬂation might reduce the ability of ﬁrm-speciﬁc factors to prolong the real aﬀects of monetary disturbances.
Impact of ISO 9000 certification on quality management practices: A comparative study

The primary objective of this study is to examine the relationship between ISO 9000 certification and quality management practices and quality results of firms in Singapore. The findings are compared with those reported by Rao et al. (1997, Total Quality Management , 8, pp. 335- 346) on firms in the USA, Mexico, China and India. Eight constructs for quality management practices are identified. Using the questionnaire developed by Rao et al. a survey is carried out on selected firms from the manufacturing, service and construction industries in Singapore. Both ISO 9000 registered and non-registered firms are included in the survey. The questionnaire consists of 91 statements, on a five-point Likert scale, to represent all the eight constructs. A total of 93 valid responses were received. The respondents are mainly from service industries, followed by construction and manufacturing. The majority of these firms are small and medium-sized enterprises, which are locally owned and have local customers and competitors. The data set is subjected to reliability and validity tests. Analysis of variance is carried out to explore the relationship between ISO 9000 certification and quality management practices. The result reveals that the ISO certification does not affect quality management practices and quality results of firms in Singapore. Further analyses indicate that some organizational characteristics, such as size and industry, have relationships with certain constructs of quality management practices.
Sensitivity Analysis Through Error Function of Crystalline-Si Photovoltaic Cell Model Integrated in a Smart Grid

The paper is based on the device representation of PV cell there are different internal parameters that representing their behavior. The internal parameters have impacts on the PV power generation. In this work, a single diode solar cell five parameter model is used to understand the internal parameters’ sensitivity not the efficiency. Sensitivity is important because of giving idea about parameters response to the total system. The more a parameter is sensitive, the more the system is dependent on those parameters. Here the internal parameters called photocurrent, diode saturation current, series resistance, shunt resistance, diode ideality factor, and cell temperature are investigated through the simulation for getting their sensitivity which aims to identify the parameters having much impact on total system, this identification would help to make a better model for the PV panel which could be more faster in real time system to give estimation of the power generation. Better understanding about the parameters is identically significant for modelling the PV system. At the end of this work a simplified model is built with simplified PV structure.
Modelling HIV/AIDS Infection Dynamics in the Presence of Interfered Interventions

Mathematical models are invaluable tools for describing and understanding disease dynamics. In this study, we propose and analyse a mathematical model for HIV/AIDS in order to assess the impact of interfered interventions on the disease dynamics. The model enables us tostudy the role of treatment in the presence of interfered interventions, as a control strategy for reducing the HIV pandemic. We performed thorough qualitative analysis on the reproduction number of the model, R0. The global and local dynamics of the system are also considered,that is, we analyse the two equilibria states of the model,namely; the disease-free equilibrium and a unique disease-persistent equilibrium. The disease-free steady state is shown to be globally asymptotically stable whenever R0 < 1 and the endemic equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable whenever R0 > 1. We conducted numerical simulations to support the analytical results. The results of the model analysis indicate that interference has the effect of reducing treatment uptake and increasing the rate of drop-outs. The results have implications in the designing of policies in countries with war, economic turmoil or any other form of disturbance.
Sestrin2 Is Increased in Calcific Aortic Disease and Inhibits Osteoblastic Differentiation in Valvular Interstitial Cells via the Nuclear Factor E2–related Factor 2 Pathway

Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text. Abstract: Sestrin2 (Sesn2) is involved in the progression of cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension and myocardial infarction. This study aimed to examine Sesn2 expression in human calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) and explore its possible mechanisms by which Sesn2 participates in this process. CAVD and normal aortic valves were collected. Sesn2 expression and sources were examined, and the results showed that Sesn2 expression was increased in aortic valves from patients with CAVD and was mainly secreted by macrophages. Additionally, U937 macrophages were pretreated with si-Sesn2 or cDNA-Sesn2 and further treated with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL); M1 macrophages and their markers were measured, and we found that pretreatment with si-Sesn2 increased ox-LDL–induced M1 macrophage polarization and marker mRNA levels, whereas pretreatment with cDNA-Sesn2 had the opposite effects. In ox-LDL–treated U937 macrophages, oxidative stress levels were increased in the si-Sesn2 pretreatment group and further increased by si-Nrf2 treatment, whereas oxidative stress levels were decreased in the cDNA-Sesn2 pretreatment group and significantly reversed by ML385, a specific Nrf2 inhibitor. The effects of Sesn2 on ox-LDL-induced oxidative stress and the osteogenic differentiation of ox-LDL-induced valvular interstitial cells (VICs) was examined by down-regulating Nrf2 pathway. When U937 macrophages were co-cultured with VICs, downregulation of Sesn2 increased ox-LDL-induced osteogenic differentiation in VICs, whereas overexpression of Sesn2 exerted the opposite effects. Our study suggests that Sesn2 is increased in CAVD aortic valves and may participate in the development of CAVD by regulating oxidative stress via the Nrf2 pathway.
Which Loans Do We Take? A Micro-Level Analysis of Croatian Households' Debt Participation

This paper uses a new data set in order to explore micro-level patterns of household borrowing in Croatia. By analyzing cross-section data from the Household Finance and Consumption Survey, conducted for the first time in Croatia in 2017, we present the structure of household debt holdings and identify several household characteristics associated with debt participation in three types of bank debt: secured debt, non-collateralized loans, as well as overdrafts and/ or credit card debt. Our results indicate that: a) households with middle-aged heads tend to participate more and hold larger amounts of all three debt types; b) credit constrained households are more likely to take non-collateralized loans; c) inability to finance consumption and willingness to take risks when making saving and investment decisions contribute to participation in overdrafts and/or credit card debt.
A Compact Wide Stopband and Wide Passband Bandpass Filter Fabricated Using an SIR Technique

The demand for modern multiband and wideband communication systems is increasing. Bandpass filter architecture is widely used, and its reorganization and innovation can produce a new wideband filter. In this paper, two low-impedance stepped impedance resonators (SIRs) are strongly coupled to form an equivalent capacitor. This paper also presents a circuit that can become an inductor, a capacitor, and an inductive series resonant wide stopband bandpass filter. The center frequency of the bandpass filter is 2.3 GHz. The wide stopband frequency of the band is as high as 8.05 GHz. The center frequency can be controlled by a low-impedance capacitor when the same SIR is used in a set of architectures. In this paper, the center frequency is controlled by a 4.1 GHz series-resonant wide-stopband bandpass filter that is connected to the lower half of the transmission line. The overall circuit function becomes a wideband bandpass filter. This wideband circuit can filter up and down for a 3-dB cutoff frequency ranging from 1.9 to 4.5 GHz. The filter bandwidth is 2.6 GHz. The center frequency is 3.2 GHz.
Electromembrane Extraction of Posaconazole for Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometric Detection

A new mode of electromembrane extraction (EME) has been developed for detection via matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI/MS). Posaconazole, extracted from 8 mL of a 10 mM trifluoroacetic acid solution onto a thin polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) membrane, was used as a model analyte. The transport was forced by an electrical potential difference between two electrodes inside the lumen of a hollow fiber and glass tube. Under an application of 80 V, cationic posaconazole in the sample solution moved toward the negative electrode inside the glass tube and was trapped by the PVDF membrane on the side. After 15 min of extraction, 3 μL of α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHCA) solution was applied on top of the membrane, which was then analyzed by MALDI/MS. Under optimal extraction conditions, the calibration curve of posaconazole was linear over a concentration range of 0.10–100.00 nM. The limit of detection (LOD) at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3 was 0.03 nM with an enhancement factor of 138 for posaconazole. The application of this method to the determination of posaconazole in human serum samples was also successfully demonstrated.
Miniaturized branch-line coupler based on slow-wave microstrip lines

Abstract This paper presents a miniaturized 3-dB branch-line coupler based on slow-wave microstrip transmission lines. The miniaturized coupler operating at 2.45 GHz is designed and implemented on a double-layer printed circuit board substrate with blind metallic vias embedded in the lower substrate layer providing the slow-wave effect. Based on this concept, a 43% size miniaturization is achieved as compared with a classical microstrip branch-line coupler prototype. The measured S parameters present a return loss of 25.5 dB and an average insertion loss equal to 0.05 dB at the operating frequency.
Perceived and preferred goals as a basis for the planning development of an educational system in the state of Kuwait

2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a round black mark, it is an indication of either blurred copy because of movement during exposure, duplicate copy, or copyrighted materials that should not have been filmed. For blurred pages, a good image of the page can be found in the adjacent frame. I f copyrighted materials were deleted, a target note will appear listing the pages in the adjacent frame.
Correlation dispersion as a measure to better estimate uncertainty in remotely sensed glacier displacements

Abstract. In recent years a vast amount of glacier surface velocity data from satellite imagery has emerged based on correlation between repeat images. Thereby, much emphasis has been put on the fast processing of large data volumes and products with complete spatial coverage. The metadata of such measurements are often highly simplified when the measurement precision is lumped into a single number for the whole dataset, although the error budget of image matching is in reality neither isotropic nor constant over the whole velocity field. The spread of the correlation peak of individual image offset measurements is dependent on the image structure and the non-uniform flow of the ice and is used here to extract a proxy for measurement uncertainty. A quantification of estimation error or dispersion for each individual velocity measurement can be important for the inversion of, for instance, rheology, ice thickness and/or bedrock friction. Errors in the velocity data can propagate into derived results in a complex and exaggerating way, making the outcomes very sensitive to velocity noise and outliers. Here, we present a computationally fast method to estimate the matching precision of individual displacement measurements from repeat imaging data, focusing on satellite data. The approach is based upon Gaussian fitting directly on the correlation peak and is formulated as a linear least-squares estimation, making its implementation into current pipelines straightforward. The methodology is demonstrated for Sermeq Kujalleq (Jakobshavn Isbræ), Greenland, a glacier with regions of strong shear flow and with clearly oriented crevasses, and Malaspina Glacier, Alaska. Directionality within an image seems to be the dominant factor influencing the correlation dispersion. In our cases these are crevasses and moraine bands, while a relation to differential flow, such as shear, is less pronounced on the correlation spread.
Research on Field Soybean Weed Identification Based on an Improved UNet Model Combined With a Channel Attention Mechanism

Aiming at the problem that it is difficult to identify two types of weeds, grass weeds and broadleaf weeds, in complex field environments, this paper proposes a semantic segmentation method with an improved UNet structure and an embedded channel attention mechanism SE module. First, to eliminate the semantic gap between low-dimensional semantic features and high-dimensional semantic features, the UNet model structure is modified according to the characteristics of different types of weeds, and the feature maps after the first five down sampling tasks are restored to the same original image through the deconvolution layer. Hence, the final feature map used for prediction is obtained by the fusion of the upsampling feature map and the feature maps containing more low-dimensional semantic information in the first five layers. In addition, ResNet34 is used as the backbone network, and the channel attention mechanism SE module is embedded to improve useful features. The channel weight is determined, noise is suppressed, soybean and grass weeds are identified, and broadleaf weeds are extracted through digital image morphological processing, and segmented images of soybean plants, grass weeds and broadleaf weeds are generated. Moreover, compared with the standard semantic segmentation models, FCN, UNet, and SegNet, the experimental results show that the overall performance of the model in this paper is the best. The average intersection ratio and average pixel recognition rate in a complex field environment are 0.9282 and 96.11%, respectively. On the basis of weed classification, the identified weeds are further refined into two types of weeds to provide technical support for intelligent precision variable weed spraying.
Oil Tank Detection With Improved EfficientDet Model

Rapid detection of oil tank targets has become a topic of significant and increasing interest because the quick acquisition of the distribution and volume of oil storage tanks has high economic and military value. However, research in the literature still faces many challenges in different scenarios. This letter presents a new oil tank detection approach for improved EfficientDet model. The proposed approach has three primary operations: 1) first, adding 3-D deformable convolution to the EfficientDet model as predetection to limit detection in the smaller area; 2) second, loading an attention mechanism appropriate for oil tank detection on the myNet model highlights tiny target information; and 3) lastly, training the myNet model repeatedly by focal loss function to seek better results. The result shows that the overall accuracy of mean average precision in the proposed approach increased by at least 8.25% compared with that of the tested conventional approaches. Therefore, it provides advantageous capabilities for monitoring oil tanks in high-resolution remote sensing imagery.
Extracellular Particles as Carriers of Cholesterol Not Associated with Lipoproteins

Exosomes and exomeres are the smallest microparticles ranging from 20 to 130 nm in diameter. They are found in almost all biological fluids. Exosomes and exomeres are of considerable interest since they can be involved in intercellular signaling and are biological markers of the state of cells, which can be used for diagnostics. The nomenclature of exosomes remains poorly developed. Most researchers try to classify them based on the mode of formation, physicochemical characteristics, and the presence of tetrasporin markers CD9, CD63, and CD81. The data presented in this work show that although exomeres carry tetrasporin biomarkers, they differ from exosomes strongly in lipid composition, especially in cholesterol content. The production of exomeres by cells is associated with the synthesis of cholesterol in cells and is expressed or suppressed by regulators of the synthesis of mevalonate, an intermediate product of cholesterol metabolism. In addition, the work shows that the concentration of extracellular particles in the body correlates with the concentration of cholesterol in the plasma, but weakly correlates with the concentration of cholesterol in lipoproteins. This suggests that not all plasma cholesterol is associated with lipoproteins, as previously thought.
Cell Immobilization Using Alginate-Based Beads as a Protective Technique against Stressful Conditions of Hydrolysates for 2G Ethanol Production

The development of biorefineries brings the necessity of an efficient consumption of all sugars released from biomasses, including xylose. In addition, the presence of inhibitors in biomass hydrolysates is one of the main challenges in bioprocess feasibility. In this study, the application of Ca-alginate hybrid gels in the immobilization of xylose-consuming recombinant yeast was explored with the aim of improving the tolerance of inhibitors. The recombinant yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae GSE16-T18SI.1 (T18) was immobilized in Ca-alginate and Ca-alginate–chitosan hybrid beads, and its performance on xylose fermentation was evaluated in terms of tolerance to different acetic acid concentrations (0–12 g/L) and repeated batches of crude sugarcane bagasse hemicellulose hydrolysate. The use of the hybrid gel improved yeast performance in the presence of 12 g/L of acetic acid, achieving 1.13 g/L/h of productivity and reaching 75% of the theoretical ethanol yield, with an improvement of 32% in the xylose consumption rate (1:1 Vbeads/Vmedium, 35 °C, 150 rpm and pH 5.2). The use of hybrid alginate–chitosan gel also led to better yeast performance at crude hydrolysate, yielding one more batch than the pure-alginate beads. These results demonstrate the potential of a hybrid gel as an approach that could increase 2G ethanol productivity and allow cell recycling for a longer period.
Identification of von Willebrand factor D4 domain mutations in patients of Afro‐Caribbean descent: In vitro characterization

Von Willebrand disease was diagnosed in two Afro‐Caribbean patients and sequencing of the VWF gene (VWF) revealed the presence of multiple variants located throughout the gene, including variants located in the D4 domain of VWF: p.(Pro2145Thrfs*5) in one patient and p.(Cys2216Phefs*9) in the other patient. Interestingly, D4 variants have not been studied often.
Early Anomaly Detection and Classification with Streaming Synchrophasor Data in Electric Energy Systems

The large-scale streaming data collected from the increasing deployed phasor measurement unit (PMU) devices poses significant difficulties for real-time data-driven analytics in power systems. This dissertation presents a dimensionality-reductionbased monitoring framework to make better use of the streaming PMU data for early anomaly detection and classification in power systems. The first part of this dissertation studies the fundamental dimensionality of largescale PMU data, and proposes an online application for early anomaly detection using the reduced dimensionality. First, PMU data under both normal and abnormal conditions are analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA), and the results suggest an extremely low underlying dimensionality despite the large number of raw measurements. In comparison with prior work of utilizing multi-channel highdimensional PMU data for power system anomaly detection, the proposed early anomaly detection algorithm employs the reduced-dimensional data from PCA, and detects the occurrence of an anomaly based on the change of core subspaces of the low-dimensional PMU data. Theoretical justification for the algorithm is provided using linear dynamical system theory. It is demonstrated that the proposed algorithm is capable to detect general power system anomalies at an earlier stage than would be possible by monitoring the raw PMU data. The second part of this dissertation investigates the classification of a special anomaly in power systems, low-frequency oscillation, which may cause severe impacts on power systems while at the same time is difficult to be accurately classified. We present a robust classification framework with online detection and mode estimation of low-frequency oscillations by using synchrophasor data. Based on per-
Comparison of zeta potential and physiological intracytoplasmic sperm injection in obtaining sperms with a lower DNA fragmentation index: A cross-sectional study

Abstract Background The sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) is one of the men's reproductive health criteria that affects assisted reproductive technique outcomes. Efforts in obtaining high-quality mature sperms seem to be necessary. Advanced sperm selection techniques (including physiological intracytoplasmic sperm injection [PICSI], zeta potential, microfluidic, etc.) have gained popularity in this regard. Objective The study aimed to compare the efficacy of zeta potential and PICSI sperm selection in obtaining sperms with better DNA integrity. Materials and Methods In this cross-sectional study, 48 couples were enrolled where the male partner had increased sperm DFI in his ejaculated sample and the female was in normal reproductive health. For each male partner, the semen sample was processed with zeta potential and PICSI techniques, then the sperm DFI of neat semen was compared to zeta and PICSI samples by the sperm chromatin dispersion test. Results Data showed that both the zeta potential and PICSI technique decreased sperm DFI in comparison with the neat semen sample (p < 0.001 for both). In addition, there was a statistically significant difference in sperm DFI between the PICSI and zeta potential samples (p < 0.01). Conclusion The current study showed that both zeta potential and PICSI could result in sperm with a lower DFI. However, PICSI seems to be superior to zeta potential in this regard.