Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessing the Groundwater Reserves of the Udaipur District, Aravalli Range, India, Using Geospatial Techniques

Population increase has placed ever-increasing demands on the available groundwater (GW) resources, particularly for intensive agricultural activities. In India, groundwater is the backbone of agriculture and drinking purposes. In the present study, an assessment of groundwater reserves was carried out in the Udaipur district, Aravalli range, India. It was observed that the principal aquifer for the availability of groundwater in the studied area is quartzite, phyllite, gneisses, schist, and dolomitic marble, which occur in unconfined to semi-confined zones. Furthermore, all primary chemical ingredients were found within the permissible limit, including granum. We also found that the average annual rainfall days in a year in the study area was 30 from 1957 to 2020, and it has been found that there are chances to receive surplus rainfall once in every five deficit rainfall years. Using integrated remote sensing, GIS, and a field-based spatial modeling approach, it was found that the dynamic GW reserves of the area are 637.42 mcm/annum, and the total groundwater draft is 639.67 mcm/annum. The deficit GW reserves are 2.25 mcm/annum from an average rainfall of 627 mm, hence the stage of groundwater development is 100.67% and categorized as over-exploited. However, as per the relationship between reserves and rainfall events, surplus reserves are available when rainfall exceeds 700 mm. We conclude that enough static GW reserves are available in the studied area to sustain the requirements of the drought period. For the long-term sustainability of groundwater use, controlling groundwater abstraction by optimizing its use, managing it properly through techniques such as sprinkler and drip irrigation, and achieving more crop-per-drop schemes, will go a long way to conserving this essential reserve, and create maximum groundwater recharge structures.
Vehicles detection in complex urban traffic scenes using Gaussian mixture model with confidence measurement

Aiming to efficiently resolve the problem that the subtraction background model is easily contaminated by slow-moving or temporarily stopped vehicles, the Gaussian mixture model with confidence measurement (GMMCM) is proposed for vehicle detection in complex urban traffic scenes. According to the current traffic state, each pixel of background model is set a CM. Whether to update the background model and the corresponding adaptive learning rate depends on if the current pixel point is in confidence period. Using the real-world urban traffic videos, the first experiments are conducted by GMMCM, compared with three commonly used models including GMM, self-adaptive GMM (SAGMM) and local parameter learning algorithm for the GMM (LPLGMM). The first experimental results show that GMMCM excels GMM, SAGMM and LPLGMM in keeping the background model being unpolluted from slow-moving or temporarily stopped vehicles. The second experiments are conducted by GMMCM, compared with visual background extractor, sigma-delta with CM, SAGMM, LPLGMM and GMM. The average recalls of six methods are 0.899, 0.753, 0.679, 0.420, 0.447 and 0.205, and the average F-measures of six methods are 0.636, 0.612, 0.592, 0.373, 0.330 and 0.179, respectively. All experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed GMMCM in vehicles detection of complex urban traffic scenes.
More Insights about the Efficacy of Copper Ion Treatment on Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP): A Clue for the Observed Tolerance

Background: Scientific evidence is scarce for the antimicrobial effect of copper on bacteria characterized as more resistant. Using Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), a highly resistant microorganism, as a pathogen model, copper ion treatment has shown a significant bactericidal effect; however, the sustainability of MAP against copper toxicity was also reported in several studies. Accordingly, the present study aimed to evaluate the impacts of copper on MAP. Methodology: This study considered physicochemical properties and copper concentration in a buffer since it could modulate MAP response during the application of copper treatment. Results: Despite the efficacy of copper ions in significantly reducing the MAP load in Phosphate Buffered Saline, some MAP cells were able to survive. The copper concentration generated by the copper ion treatment device increased significantly with increasing exposure times. MAP bacterial load decreased significantly when treated with copper ions as the exposure times increased. An increase in pH decreased oxygen consumption, and an increase in conductivity was reported after treatment application. Conclusions: Even with higher concentrations of copper, the efficacy of MAP control was not complete. The concentration of copper must be a key element in achieving control of highly resistant microorganisms.
Vehicle and twin-roller chassis dynamometer model considering slip tire interactions

Abstract xComputational representation of real-world systems plays an important role in vehicle analysis. Aiming to improve mobility systems, this article presents the development of a chassis dynamometer and vehicle model describing the vehicle longitudinal dynamics considering the tire-bench contact. The model simulates the longitudinal vehicle-bench tests where the system is powered by the bench’s electric motor and the gearbox in the neutral position, considering tire interaction forces, rolling resistance, and system losses. It was implemented in Matlab/Simulink™ and validated by coast-down experiments, starting at 60 km/h and 100 km/h, where the model result curves presented an appropriated representativity for the experimental data. A total movement resistance analysis resulted in a mean error of 6.71% when compared to experimental data, while the literature slip-independent equations presented mean errors between 31.94% and 77.61%. The developed model is a representative approximation of the vehicle-dynamometer set and can predict longitudinal experiments, helping the vehicle evaluation process, and saving time and resources.
Converging Paths of Variation: Bilingual Rhotics and Language Change in the Archipelago of San Andres, Colombia

This study examines the acoustic realization of phonemic taps and trills across generations of Creole-Spanish bilinguals in the Archipelago of San Andres, Colombia. Formant frequencies in the form of F2 and F3 were compared in the realization of 1,450 rhotics presenting no lingual closure produced in the bilingual Spanish speech of three generations of Creole-Spanish speakers. Alongside, F2 and F3 values were extracted from rhotic segments produced in the monolingual varieties coexisting in the Archipelago, Islander Creole (n=328) and Colombian Continental Spanish (n=150). Results show that F3 frequencies and the distance between F3-F2 in senior bilinguals increasingly resemble the values in Islander Creole approximants, whereas younger generations are more closely associated to Continental Spanish. Supporting this trend is the fact that second generation speakers stand at an intermediate position between generations. These findings suggest a change in progress where approximants in younger generations are converging in the direction of Colombian Spanish, while formant frequencies in seniors are more associated with Islander Creole.
Early Warning of Fault in Active Distribution Networks Based on Dynamic Power Flow Motifs

Due to the energy transition process, the increasing adoption of sustainable energy has become the key characteristics of modern power distribution systems. The high level of penetration of sustainable energy-based distributed generators significantly challenged the power flow management in distribution networks. In this paper, we apply complex network theories to provide a new perspective on the solution to the early warning of faults in distribution networks with sustainable energy. Especially, a concept of dynamic power flow motifs (DPFM) is proposed to serve as an effective tool to portray the operating condition, from the mesoscopic perspective, of a distribution network that accommodates a great number of distributed generators. To simulate the distribution network resilience against an extreme event such as an earthquake, disrupted lines are selected based on electrical betweenness to demonstrate the relations of DPFM and load loss in purpose of realize the early warning of faults in distribution networks. We will conduct the case study to explore the dynamic process during the massive lines disruption and confirm the effectiveness of the application of DPFM in distribution network.
Language Modeling on Location-Based Social Networks

The popularity of mobile devices with GPS capabilities, along with the worldwide adoption of social media, have created a rich source of text data combined with spatio-temporal information. Text data collected from location-based social networks can be used to gain space–time insights into human behavior and provide a view of time and space from the social media lens. From a data modeling perspective, text, time, and space have different scales and representation approaches; hence, it is not trivial to jointly represent them in a unified model. Existing approaches do not capture the sequential structure present in texts or the patterns that drive how text is generated considering the spatio-temporal context at different levels of granularity. In this work, we present a neural language model architecture that allows us to represent time and space as context for text generation at different granularities. We define the task of modeling text, timestamps, and geo-coordinates as a spatio-temporal conditioned language model task. This task definition allows us to employ the same evaluation methodology used in language modeling, which is a traditional natural language processing task that considers the sequential structure of texts. We conduct experiments over two datasets collected from location-based social networks, Twitter and Foursquare. Our experimental results show that each dataset has particular patterns for language generation under spatio-temporal conditions at different granularities. In addition, we present qualitative analyses to show how the proposed model can be used to characterize urban places.
PCIAS Subpixel Technology

PCIAS represents Phase Correlation based Image Analysis System. It is a professional C++ software package to deliver advanced subpixel technology that has been developed during the last several years supported by the SEAS DTC (System Engineering for Autonomous Systems Defence Technology Centre). This paper provides and overview of the PCIAS. After a brief introduction to the principles and algorithms, the paper illustrates, with examples, the major applications based on high precision sub-pixel disparity estimation.
Reproducibility: A Researcher-Centered Definition

Recent years have introduced major shifts in scientific reporting and publishing. The scientific community, publishers, funding agencies, and the public expect research to adhere to principles of openness, reproducibility, replicability, and repeatability. However, studies have shown that scientists often have neither the right tools nor suitable support at their disposal to meet these modern science challenges. In fact, even the concrete expectations connected to these terms may be unclear and subject to field-specific, organizational, and personal interpretations. Based on a narrative literature review of work that defines characteristics of open science, reproducibility, replicability, and repeatability, as well as a review of recent work on researcher-centered requirements, we find that the bottom-up practices and needs of researchers contrast top-down expectations encoded in terms related to reproducibility and open science. We identify and define reproducibility as a central term that concerns the ease of access to scientific resources, as well as their completeness, to the degree required for efficiently and effectively interacting with scientific work. We hope that this characterization helps to create a mutual understanding across science stakeholders, in turn paving the way for suitable and stimulating environments, fit to address the challenges of modern science reporting and publishing.
Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Field Exposure and Apoptosis: A Scoping Review of In Vitro Studies on Mammalian Cells

In the last decades, experimental studies have been carried out to investigate the effects of radiofrequency (RF, 100 kHz–300 GHz) electromagnetic fields (EMF) exposure on the apoptotic process. As evidence-based critical evaluation of RF and apoptosis in vitro is lacking, we performed a scoping literature review with the aim of systematically mapping the research performed in this area and identifying gaps in knowledge. Eligible for inclusion were in vitro studies assessing apoptosis in mammalian cells exposed to RF-EMF, which met basic quality criteria (sham control, at least three independent experiments, appropriate dosimetry analysis and temperature monitoring). We conducted a systematic literature review and charted data in order to overview the main characteristics of included studies. From the 4362 papers retrieved with our search strategy, 121 were pertinent but, among them, only 42 met basic quality criteria. We pooled data with respect to exposure (frequency, exposure level and duration) and biological parameters (cell type, endpoint), and highlighted some qualitative trends with respect to the detection of significant effect of RF-EMF on the apoptotic process. We provided a qualitative picture of the evidence accumulated so far, and highlighted that the quality of experimental methodology still needs to be highly improved.
Una técnica simple para el cierre del sitio de trócar

Background: The closure of the port site of entrance has been always a motive of controversy. There is a close relationship in the size of the hole without closure. The bigger is this orifice, the bigger is the probability of hernia formation. The incisions of 10 mm, have an incidence of 1%, this increases to 3.1% when the incision is 12 mm. Methods: We reviewed the files of 34 consecutives patients operated because of gallstones in acute or chronic phase of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The right subcostal incision was closed using a suture mounted in a modified tru cut neddle. Results: Of the reviewed files 22 were female and 12 were male. The incidence of hernia was 0% in the ports of 5 a 10 mm. The t hypothesis proved for an only group was -67 with a p 0.00 significative (less than 0.05) with an 95% of confidence. Conclusions: The closure of the 10 mm ports decreases the incidence of hernia at this site in a statistically significative way. This closure with a modified tru cut neddle is easy, sure and avoid the hernial formation. It is also useful to control bleeding of the epigastric vessels
Investigating Critical Success Factors in Implementing ITIL Framework: The Case of a Developing Country

Nowadays, many organizations adopt Information Technology Service Management (ITSM) best practices to enhance their IT service related processes. Although many organizations have adopted ITSM frameworks such as Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL), not all have been successful. Keeping this in mind, this paper seeks to identify Critical Success Factors (CSFs) that impact on successful implementation of ITSM frameworks with a focus on ITIL in Iranian organizations as a case of a developing country. Hence, based on a mixed method, at first, with the semi-structured interviews and literature review, 22 success factors were identified. Following that, a questionnaire was developed and sent out to domain experts. Next, robust Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was run for analyzing data and establishing construct validity which finally classified critical success factors into five groups named as â€œorganizationalâ€ , â€œhuman resourcesâ€ , â€œproject managementâ€ , â€œmanagerialâ€ and â€œprocessâ€ . The findings of this study have provided a very useful reference for IT standardization scholars and practitioners to identify the important issues of ITSM frameworks implementation projects in their research and practice.
Reinforcement Learning for Electronic Design Automation: Case Studies and Perspectives: (Invited Paper)

Reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms have recently seen rapid advancement and adoption in the field of electronic design automation (EDA) in both academia and industry. In this paper, we first give an overview of RL and its applications in EDA. In particular, we discuss three case studies: chip macro placement, analog transistor sizing, and logic synthesis. In collaboration with Google Brain, we develop a hybrid RL and analytical mixed -size placer and achieve better results with less training time on public and proprietary benchmarks. Working with Intel, we develop an RL-inspired optimizer for analog circuit sizing, combining the strengths of deep neural networks and reinforcement learning to achieve state-of-the-art black-box optimization results. We also apply RL to the popular logic synthesis framework ABC and obtain promising results. Through these case studies, we discuss the advantages, disadvantages, opportunities, and challenges of RL in EDA.
Emociones asociadas al proceso de construcción del volumen del paralelepípedo

Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar las emociones en las personas estudiantes de entre 14 y 17 años de edad, al construir de manera autónoma en el software Cabri II Plus una caja rectangular en 2D y 3D que represente el volumen de un paralelepípedo. La metodología se basó en análisis de frecuencias por medio de mapas de calor construidos con la herramienta computacional Python. Bajo una muestra no probabilística y previo consentimiento informado de sus representantes legales se seleccionaron 34 estudiantes de Noveno Grado de Educación Básica de una institución educativa pública de la ciudad de Medellín-Colombia, de los cuales participaron 28 en esta investigación. La indagación consideró a la emoción desde una perspectiva integral, cimentada desde lo evolutivo, lo fisiológico-neural, cognitivo, volitivo y expresivo. Para acceder a estas se utilizó el software FaceReader, software especializado en detectar expresiones faciales. El resultado mostró que, a partir de dificultades en el proceso de construcción, emergen emociones como la tristeza, enojo, neutralidad, miedo, disgusto y sorpresa. En la población estudiada, se infiere una correlación entre la capacidad de procesamiento emocional y el procesamiento cognitivo. Se concluyó que, ante dificultades de construcciones geométricas de trazo de rectas paralelas, rectas perpendiculares, la diferencia entre punto y punto de intersección y la relación entre el volumen de paralelepípedo en 2D y 3D, emergen emociones negativas asociadas a la falta de dominio de estos conceptos que, si los y las estudiantes no pueden autorregular, les inhiben el procesamiento cognitivo, les producen bloqueo y, en consecuencia, abandono de la tarea.
Laminar Free Convection from a Vertical Plate With Uniform Surface Heat Flux

An exact solution of the laminar boundary-layer equations for free convection from a vertical plate having uniform surface heat flux has been obtained. Heat-transfer parameters have been calculated for Prandtl numbers in the range 0.1 to 100. The results have been extrapolated to a Prandtl number of 0.01. Experimental results are compared with the theory and the agreement is found to be good. Heat-transfer results obtained from the von Kárm n-Pohlhausen method also are shown to be in good agreement with those from the exact solution. It is demonstrated that when average Nusselt numbers are calculated for a plate with uniform surface heat flux using the temperature difference halfway along the height, the results are very close to those for a uniform temperature plate.
Kontrol Tracking Robot Pendulum Terbalik Beroda Dua Menggunakan Kontrol Fuzzy Hybrid

Pada prinsipnya robot pendulum terbalik beroda dua (Two - Wheeled Inverted Pendulum Robot) merupakan salah satu robot yang dikembangkan dari sistem klasik pendulum terbalik, sehingga robot ini merupakan sistem dinamis nonlinear dan tidak stabil. Kelebihan dari robot ini adalah fleksibilitas dan kemampuan manuver yang memudahkan untuk bergerak dengan cepat di area yang terbatas. Robot ini memiliki dua buah roda yang terpasang pada kedua sisi chassis dan digerakan dengan menggunakan dua buah motor DC sebagai penggerak utamanya. Permasalahan dari robot ini adalah bagaimana cara mengendalikan agar robot dapat stabil dan mampu mempertahankan kestabilannya pada saat tracking untuk mengikuti sinyal referensi berupa sinyal step. Akan didesain kontrol hybrid yang digunakan untuk mendapatkan solusi dari persoalan tracking dan yaw steering. Kontroler tracking ini menggunakan model fuzzy Takagi-Sugeno untuk membuat robot bergerak maju atau mundur sesuai dengan sinyal tracking yang diberikan. Kemudian untuk kontroler yaw steering menggunakan arsitektur Mamdani untuk mempertahan posisi yaw robot pada posisi 0 radian. Dari hasil simulasi kontroler yang dirancang, robot dapat mengikuti sinyal step sebagai sinyal referensinya sambil tetap mempertahankan kestabilan robot pada 0 radian, waktu yang diperlukan untuk proses tracking robot sekitar 5 detik dan saat diberikan gangguan yaw, robot membutuhkan waktu sekitar 6 detik agar dapat menstabilkan posisi yaw robot pada sudut 0 rad.
A képzelet szerepe a gyógyításban és a rehabilitációban — különös tekintettel a fájdalomcsökkentésre

Pecsi Tudomanyegyetem, AOK, Magatartastudomanyi Intezet, Pecs(Beerkezett: 2011. november 22.; elfogadva: 2012. junius 29.)Kulonbozo pszichologiai modszereket mar regota alkalmaznak nem csak fajdalomcsok-kentes celjabol, hanem a legkulonfelebb kognitiv modszereket igenylo klinikai helyzetek-ben is. A klinikumban es a rehabilitacioban hasznalatos pszichologiai modszerekkel torte-no fajdalomcsokkentes mellett a placebo-fajdalomcsillapitas is egyre inkabb kutatott es feltart jelensege az orvostudomanynak. Mindketto hatasmechanizmusaban fontos szerepet jatszik az orvos—beteg-kapcsolat minosege. A beteg vonatkozasaban a kognitiv pszicholo-giai modszerek kozul a kepzelet alkalmazasanak lehet nagy jelentosege sok esetben, fokent azert, mert egy betegseg vagy serules soran a szemely konnyen olyan regressziv munka-modba kerulhet, amelyben az elsodleges folyamatok, igy a kepzelet is, felerosodnek. Ezert a betegek kepzeletenek terapias folyamatba valo bevonasa az egyik lehetseges modja an-nak, hogy minel szelesebb korben kihasznaljuk a pszicho-szocialis tenyezokben rejlo gyo-gyito lehetosegeket es gyorsitsuk a gyogyulas folyamatat. Jelen osszefoglalo kereteben a kepzeloero terapias alkalmazasara vonatkozo szakirodalom nehany elemet kivanjuk be-mutatni, elsosorban arra a kerdesre koncentralva, hogy a kepzeloero milyen modon jatsz-hat szerepet a kulonbozo betegsegekkel kapcsolatban megjeleno fajdalomcsillapitas teru-leten. Kulcsszavak: kepzelet, placebohatas, orvos—beteg-kapcsolat, pszichologiai kezeles