Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Digital Twin for Experimental Data Fusion Applied to a Semi-Industrial Furnace Fed with H2-Rich Fuel Mixtures

The objective of this work is to build a Digital Twin of a semi-industrial furnace using Gaussian Process Regression coupled with dimensionality reduction via Proper Orthogonal Decomposition. The Digital Twin is capable of integrating different sources of information, such as temperature, chemiluminescence intensity and species concentration at the outlet. The parameters selected to build the design space are the equivalence ratio and the benzene concentration in the fuel stream. The fuel consists of a H2/CH4/CO blend, doped with a progressive addition of C6H6. It is an H2-rich fuel mixture, representing a surrogate of a more complex Coke Oven Gas industrial mixture. The experimental measurements include the flame temperature distribution, measured on a 6×8 grid using an air-cooled suction pyrometer, spatially resolved chemiluminescence measurements of OH* and CH*, and the species concentration (i.e., NO, NO2, CO, H2O, CO2, O2) measured in the exhaust gases. The GPR-based Digital Twin approach has already been successfully applied on numerical datasets coming from CFD simulations. In this work, we demonstrate that the same approach can be applied on heterogeneous datasets, obtained from experimental measurements.
Pair-cluster theory for the dielectric constant of composite media

By considering the embedding of nearest-neighbor grains of a random composite in an ''effective medium,'' a pair-cluster theory for the dielectric constant of composites is formulated in which the interactions between pairs of nearest-neighbor grains are explicitly taken into account. Compared to the well-known effective-medium theory, the new theory displays similar dc behavior but predicts different optical dielectric constants. A comparison of the two theories shows in particular that the absence of optical dielectric anomaly in the effective-medium theory is attributable to the neglect of nearest-neighbor interactions. Differences between the optical characteristics of the Maxwell-Garnett theory and the pair-cluster theory are also pointed out and discussed in relation to the underlying microstructures.
Deep Eutectic Solvent-Based Ultrasound-Assisted Strategy for Simultaneous Extraction of Five Macamides from Lepidium meyenii Walp and In Vitro Bioactivities

This study aimed to develop an integrated approach of deep eutectic solvent-based ultrasound-assisted extraction (DES–UAE) to simultaneously extract five major bioactive macamides from the roots of Lepidium meyenii Walp. Ten different DESs containing choline chloride and selected hydrogen-bond donors were prepared and evaluated based on the extracted macamide content determination using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Choline chloride/1,6-hexanediol in a 1:2 molar ratio with 20% water exhibited the most promising extraction efficiencies under the optimized parameters verified using single-factor optimization as well as Box–Behnken design. Using the optimized DES–UAE method, the extraction efficiencies of the five macamides were up to 40.3% higher compared to those using the most favorable organic solvent petroleum ether and were also superior to those of the other extraction methods, such as heating and combination of heating and stirring. Furthermore, using the macroporous resin HPD-100, the recoveries of the five target macamides from the DES extraction reached 85.62–92.25%. The 20 μg/mL group of the five macamide extracts showed superior neuroprotective activity against PC12 cell injury than that of the positive drug nimodipine. The macamide extracts also showed higher NO inhibition in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Thus, the developed approach was a green and potential alternative that can be used to extract bioactive macamide constituents from L. meyenii in the pharmaceutical and food industries.
Factors Involved in the Differentiation of TGF-β-Producing Cells from Naive CD4+ T Cells: IL-4 and IFN-γ Have Opposing Effects, While TGF-β Positively Regulates Its Own Production

TGF-β has been shown to play a central role in regulating inflammatory responses; thus, understanding the factors involved in the generation of TGF-β-producing cells could lead to interventions that are useful in effecting disease progression. In initial studies, the capacity of naive CD4+ T cells from TCR transgenic (Tg) mice to produce TGF-β following primary and secondary stimulation was assessed. TGF-β, IL-4, or IFN-γ production could not be detected from highly purified naive CD4+/lymphocyte endothelial cell adhesion molecule (LECAM)-1high cells following primary stimulation for 36 h with plate-bound anti-CD3, anti-CD28, and IL-2. This population was subsequently used to study the differentiation of TGF-β-producing CD4+ T cells. In further studies, naive CD4+/LECAM-1high cells from TCR transgenic mice of both the BALB/c and B10.A backgrounds were stimulated with T-depleted spleen cells (TDS) and specific peptide in the presence of various cytokines and/or cytokine antagonists for 5 days, restimulated, and TGF-β, IL-4, and IFN-γ production were measured. Priming conditions favoring high IL-4 production and/or low IFN-γ production greatly enhanced TGF-β production in secondary cultures. Furthermore, the presence of IL-10 in cultures was associated with an increase in TGF-β production following restimulation. The importance of IL-4 and IFN-γ in regulating TGF-β production was confirmed in studies showing that cells from IFN-γ−/− mice produced more TGF-β, while cells from IL-4−/− mice produced less TGF-β compared with wild-type controls. Finally, the addition of exogenous TGF-β to priming cultures significantly enhanced the production of TGF-β upon restimulation, demonstrating that TGF-β has a role in self-regulating its own production.
“Human ‘Cross‐Correlator’”—A Technique for Measuring Certain Parameters of Speech Perception

A human listener is here regarded as a “cross‐correlator”; his two ears are treated as “input terminals,” stimulated with the acoustic input signals f1(t) and f2(t+τ), while his vocal responses are treated as the output “correlation function. ” The two signals are, respectively, pure and distorted versions of the same signal (perhaps speech). The delay τ is randomly set and the listener answers right or left, as the source of sound appears to him to lie. The “correlation function” then corresponds to the probability distribution of his correct judgments. Such functions represent the degree of aural fusion, and show up strikingly the invariants of speech signals which are significant in aural perception.
Quantum Groups: Singular Vectors and BGG Resolution

We prove existence of BGG resolution of an irreducible highest weight module over a quantum group, classify morphisms of Verma modules over a quantum group and find formulas for singular vectors in Verma modules. As an application we find cohomology of the quantum group of the type with coefficients in a finite-dimensional module.
Spectroscopic Study of the Planetary Nebula NGC 6210: Velocity Structure and Permitted Lines

Using the spectroscopic data secured with the Hamilton Echelle Spectrograph at Lick Observatory, we found the physical condition of the planetary Nebula NGC 6210. The spectral line profiles of the permitted and forbidden lines have been analyzed using IRAF and StarLink/Dipso. The hydrogen number densities () are 2,000-20,000 , and the electron temperatures are 8,100-10,300 K based on the forbidden lines. The expansion velocities, derived from the Full Width at Half Maximum (FWHM) and the double peak of the line profiles, are in the range of 10 to . The expansion velocities imply a shell structure with an accelerated nebular gas. We also derived abundances from the permitted lines of CII, CIII, NII, NIII, OII, and OIII, which may have been formed through the fluorescence mechanism. NGC 6210 is likely to be evolved from a progenitor of more than , which had been born near the Galactic plane.
Long‐Term Slowdown of Ocean Carbon Uptake by Alkalinity Dynamics

Oceanic absorption of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) is expected to slow down under increasing anthropogenic emissions; however, the driving mechanisms and rates of change remain uncertain, limiting our ability to project long‐term changes in climate. Using an Earth system simulation, we show that the uptake of anthropogenic carbon will slow in the next three centuries via reductions in surface alkalinity. Warming and associated changes in precipitation and evaporation intensify density stratification of the upper ocean, inhibiting the transport of alkaline water from the deep. The effect of these changes is amplified threefold by reduced carbonate buffering, making alkalinity a dominant control on CO2 uptake on multi‐century timescales. Our simulation reveals a previously unknown alkalinity‐climate feedback loop, amplifying multi‐century warming under high emission trajectories.
Influence of freestream values on k-omega turbulence model predictions

The Wilcox (1988, 1991) k-omega model for eddy-viscosity turbulence does not require damping functions in the viscous sublayer, and its equations are less stiff near the wall. It has been designed to predict the requisite wake length in equilibrium, adverse pressure-gradient boundary-layer flows. When applied to free shear layers, however, a strong dependency of its results on the freestream value of omega has been noted. This feature is presently investigated via the self-similar equations for incompressible equilibrium boundary layers.
OFPE/WN9 circumstellar shells in the Large Magellanic Cloud.

High-resolution, 4 m echelle spectrograms of four luminous Of-like objects in the LMC with very extended envelopes are discussed. The most remarkable result is the presence of velocity-doubled nebular lines, including very strong (N II) lambdalambda6548, 6583, in three of them, which are not in H II regions. Analysis of the nebular lines indicates enhanced nitrogen abundances relative to hydrogen and oxygen, in comparison with H II regions of the LMC. These expanding shells might be regarded as supergiant planetary nebulae, and they likely provide another example of nitrogen enrichment by massive stars. Some possibly related objects in the Galaxy are noted.
Generalized heegner cycles and p-adic rankin L-series

This article studies a distinguished collection of so-called generalized Heegner cycles in the product of a Kuga–Sato variety with a power of a CM elliptic curve. Its main result is a p-adic analogue of the Gross–Zagier formula which relates the images of generalized Heegner cycles under the p-adic Abel–Jacobi map to the special values of certain p-adic Rankin L-series at critical points that lie outside their range of classical interpolation.
Mutational Landscape of Bladder Cancer in Mexican Patients: KMT2D Mutations and chr11q15.5 Amplifications Are Associated with Muscle Invasion

Bladder cancer (BC) is the most common neoplasm of the urinary tract, which originates in the epithelium that covers the inner surface of the bladder. The molecular BC profile has led to the development of different classifications of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). However, the genomic BC landscape profile of the Mexican population, including NMIBC and MIBC, is unknown. In this study, we aimed to identify somatic single nucleotide variants (SNVs) and copy number variations (CNVs) in Mexican patients with BC and their associations with clinical and pathological characteristics. We retrospectively evaluated 37 patients treated between 2012 and 2021 at the National Cancer Institute—Mexico (INCan). DNA samples were obtained from paraffin-embedded tumor tissues and exome sequenced. Strelka2 and Lancet packages were used to identify SNVs and insertions or deletions. FACETS was used to determine CNVs. We found a high frequency of mutations in TP53 and KMT2D, gains in 11q15.5 and 19p13.11-q12, and losses in 7q11.23. STAG2 mutations and 1q11.23 deletions were also associated with NMIBC and low histologic grade.
Crystal structure and ferroelectric properties of rare-earth substituted BiFeO3 thin films

The influence of ion modification using rare-earth cations on crystal structures, along with the insulating and ferroelectric properties of BiFeO3 (BFO) thin films was investigated. Rare-earth-substituted BFO films with chemical compositions of (Bi1.00−xREx)Fe1.00O3 (x=0–0.15, RE=La and Nd) were fabricated on (111)Pt∕TiO2∕SiO2∕(100)Si substrates using a chemical solution deposition technique. A crystalline phase of rhombohedral BFO was obtained by heat treatment in a N2 atmosphere at 500°C for 5min. The crystal anisotropy and the Curie temperature of BFO were degraded continuously with increasing contents of La3+ or Nd3+ cations. Ion modification using La3+ and Nd3+ cations up to x=0.05 lowered the leakage current density of the BFO film at room temperature from approximately 10−3 down to 10−6A∕cm2. A polarization (P)-electrical field (E) hysteresis loop measured at 10K revealed that the intrinsic remanent polarization of La3+- and Nd3+-substituted BFO films with x=0.05 (44 and 51μC∕cm2, respectively) was.
Study of Wave Models of Parabolic Mild Slope Equation and Boussinesq Equation

The Parabolic mild slope equation and Boussinesq equation wave models are studied in this paper. First, the wave models Funwave and REF/DIF, which based on Boussinesq equations and the parabolic mild slope equation, respectively, are introduced. And then, two experiments are used to study these two wave models, one is the non-breaking shoal experiment of University of Delaware and the other is the breaking undertow test experiment, which was finished in Ocean University of China by author. Last, the simulation data of two wave models are compared with the measured data. The results show that both Boussinesq equation and the parabolic mild slope equation wave models can simulated nearshore wave condition precisely, but Boussinesq equation wave models has a disadvantage in catching the variation of wave height caused by wave breaking.
Challenges of community participation in tourism planning in developing countries

Abstract The purpose of this study is to analyze the challenges faced by the community in participating in sustainable tourism in developing countries. The research was conducted using a systematic literature study on scientific articles indexed by Scopus from 2018–2022 with the theme of community participation in tourism planning. Inclusion criteria are articles from developing countries determined by the International Monetary Fund. The findings show that the constraints on community participation can be categorized into three main groups: operational, structural, and cultural. Operational constraints include lack of access to information, lack of efficient decision-making structures, lack of discussion platforms, lack of knowledge, and lack of transparency and accountability. Structural constraints identified include lack of access to planning experts, weak community development, lack of budget, lack of education, and unsuitable policy and governance. Finally, cultural barriers include the history of colonialism, community awareness, mistrust, power disparities, unequal distribution of costs and benefits, and conflict of interests. Governments and sustainable tourism operators must systematically address these issues to encourage broader community participation in tourism.
On structural controllability theorem

The structural controllability theorem was given first by Lin for the single input case by the graph theoretic approach, and several authors extended this to the multiinput case by the matrix algebra. In this correspondence a graph theoretic interpretation of the condition that the structured matrix [A B] has generically full rank is derived from well-known theorem in the graph theory, and this leads to a quite simple proof of the structural controllability theorem.
Developing Speaking Instructional Materials through Contextual Teaching and Learning

This study aims to produce speaking materials based on the students’ need and interests of Contextual Teaching Learning Approach. This research uses Research and Development design. In the context of the study, the researcher used questionnaire and interview guide. The draft of developed material focused on speaking and it was developed based on curriculum 2013. There are 11 units in this developed material.The researcher found that the materials was appropriate to the students. The students were interested to the topics so they were anthusiastic to speak in the class. It was because they thought that they really knew about the topic and it made them easy to prticipate the lesson. The students also interested with some pictures that display their classmate . It encourage them to read the materials anthusiasly.
Data Perspectives in AI-Assisted Fiber-Optic Communication Networks

Machine learning (ML) is widely being regarded as a powerful technology to solve various complex problems in fiber-optic communication networks. Recently, ML algorithms have been considered for a variety of use-cases in optical networks ranging from the design of network devices to the compensation of transmission impairments to predicting network-wide traffic flow patterns. As ML techniques are inherently data driven, the availability of relevant data sets largely dictates the performance of developed ML models. Presently, majority of ML-aided methods in the literature rely either on synthetic data from certain simulation tools or exploit data from some simple laboratory setups. However, developing robust ML-based solutions for real fiber-optic networks demands assembling big data from various parts as well as across different layers and domains of the network. Unfortunately, there is currently a lack of understanding among the research community about various crucial data aspects in practical optical networks as well as key challenges faced. While there has been a plethora of works discussing numerous ML applications in fiber-optic communications and networking, to the best of our knowledge, there is presently no paper which particularly focuses on data perspectives. In this paper, we aim to shed light on various critical data factors by first describing the tools and technologies imperative for adequate network monitoring and data acquisition. We also elucidate different data types, their physical sources, and their applications. Several useful data handling and pre-processing techniques for efficient network data collection, storage, presentation, analysis, etc., are discussed. Major challenges in the generation, transmission, and sharing of the data are highlighted and some potential solutions to the outstanding problems are proposed, thus paving the way for seamless availability of pertinent data sets essential for realizing intelligent data-driven operations in future fiber-optic networks.
THE MECHANISM OF DESTRUCTION OF RESONANCE TORI OF HAMILTONIAN SYSTEMS

By the KAM theory most of the nonresonant invariant tori of a nondegenerate integrable Hamiltonian system are preserved under a small perturbation of the Hamiltonian. On the other hand, Poincare's theorem states that the invariant tori of the unperturbed system, foliated by periodic solutions, are not completely scattered under a perturbation: as a rule, several periodic solutions are preserved and become nondegenerate. This paper fills out the gap between these two results. Namely, it is shown here that the resonant tori of an integrable Hamiltonian system that are fibered in more than one-dimensional ergodic components are not completely destroyed under a small perturbation of the Hamiltonian: as a rule, several of their nonresonant subtori are preserved and become hyperbolic. In concrete systems it is shown that there exist a large number of hyperbolic systems, and that this effect is an obstruction for the integrability of these systems. Bibliography: 16 titles.
Action recognition by mid-level discriminative spatial-temporal volume

Most of recent work on action recognition in video employ action parts, attributes etc. as mid- and high-level features to represent an action. However, these action parts, attributes subject to some aspects of weak discrimination and being difficult to obtain. In this paper, we present an approach that uses mid-level discriminative Spatial-Temporal Volume to recognize human actions. The spatial-temporal volume is represented by a Feature Graph which is constructed beyond on a local collection of feature points (e.g., cuboids, STIP) located in the corresponding spatial-temporal volume. Firstly, we densely sampling spatial-temporal volumes from training videos and construct a feature graph for each volume. Then, all feature graphs are clustered using spectral cluster method. We regard feature graphs as video words and characterize videos with the bag-of-features framework which we call it the bag-of-feature-graphs framework. While, in the process of clustering, the distance between two feature graphs is computed using an efficient spectral method. Final recognition is accomplished using a linear-SVM classifier. We test our algorithm in a publicly available human action dataset, the experimental results show the effectiveness of our method.
Trauma and the Teaching of Writing

Blumenfeld, P., Krajcik,j. 5. , & Kempler, T. (in press). Motivation and cognitive engagement in learning environments. In R. K. Sawyer (Ed.), Cambridge handbook of the teaming sciences. New York: Cambridge University Press. Bruner, J. (1990). Acts of meaning. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. Egan, K. (1997). The educated mind: How cognitive tools shape our understanding. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Sawyer, R. K. (2004). Creative teaching: Collaborative discussion as disciplined improvisation. Educational Researcher, 33 (2), 12-20. Sawyer, R. K. (Ed.), (in press). Cambridge handbook of the teaming sciences. New York: Cambridge University Press. Schwartz, D. L. , & Heiser, j. (in press). Spatial representations and imagery in learning. In R. K. Sawyer (Ed.), Cambridge handbook of the learning sciences. New York: Cambridge University Press.
SCOBY Cellulose Modified with Apple Powder—Biomaterial with Functional Characteristics

The need for new non-animal and non-petroleum-based materials is strongly emphasized in the sustainable and green economy. Waste materials have proven a valuable resource in this regard. In fact, there have been quite a large number of goods obtained from wastes called “Vegan leather” that have gained the clothing market’s attention in recent years. In practice, they are mostly composites of waste materials like cactus, pineapples, or, eventually, apples with polymers like polyurethane or polyvinyl chloride. The article presents the results of work aimed at obtaining a material based entirely on natural, biodegradable raw materials. Bacterial cellulose produced as a byproduct of the fermentation carried out by SCOBY was modified with glycerol and then altered by the entrapment of apple powder. The effect of introducing apple powder into the SCOBY culture media on the mechanical properties of the obtained bacterial cellulose was also evaluated The resulting material acquired new mechanical characteristics that are advantageous in terms of strength. Microscopic observation of the apple powder layer showed that the coverage was uniform. Different amounts of apple powder were used to cover the cellulose surface from 10 to 60%, and it was found that the variant with 40% of this powder was the most favorable in terms of mechanical strength. Also, the application of the created material as a card folder showed that it is durable in use and retains its functional characteristics for at least 1 month. The mechanical properties of modified bacterial cellulose were favorably affected by the entrapment of apple powder on its surface, and as a result, a novel material with functional characteristics was obtained.