Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mathematical Model of Effect of Yellow Virus on Tomato Plants Through Bemisia tabaci Insects Using Verticillium lecanii Fungus

The Yellow virus is a virus that causes tomato plants to die. The insect vector Bemisia tabaci spreads this virus. The goal of this study is to identify the shape of a mathematical model of the influence of yellow virus on tomato plants via the insect Bemisia tabaci and the fungus Verticilliun lecanii, as well as to interpret the results of the mathematical model analysis. This is referred to as basic research. This study employs a descriptive method in which theories are analysed in relation to the topics to be discussed, and these theories are based on a literature review. Stability analysis is carried out using Routh-Hurwitz criteria. It indicates that the disease-free equilibrium point is asymptotically stable when Λt=μtN and the endemic equilibrium point is asymptotically stable for d1>e1, d2>e2 and a1>(a1)2+(a3)2a0)/(a3a2 ). The model simulation shows that if the efficacy of Verticillium lecanii is high, the population of infected tomato plants, as well as the population of Bemisia tabaci, will go extinct.
Mutation graphs of maximal rigid modules over finite dimensional preprojective algebras

Let $Q$ be a finite quiver of Dynkin type and $\Lambda=\Lambda_Q$ be the preprojective algebra of $Q$ over an algebraically closed field $k$. Let $\mathcal {T}_\Lambda$ be the mutation graph of maximal rigid $\Lambda$ modules. Geiss, Leclerc and Schr$\ddot{\rm o}$er conjectured that $\mathcal {T}_\Lambda$ is connected, see [C.Geiss, B.Leclerc, J.Schr\"{o}er, Rigid modules over preprojective algebras, Invent.Math., 165(2006), 589-632]. In this paper, we prove that this conjecture is true when $\Lambda$ is of representation finite type or tame type. Moreover, we also prove that $\mathcal {T}_\Lambda$ is isomorphic to the tilting graph of ${\rm End}_\Lambda T$ for each maximal rigid $\Lambda$-module $T$ if $\Lambda$ is representation-finite.
Dynamics of solitary pulses in the nonlinear low-pass electrical transmission lines through the auxiliary equation method

Exact traveling soliton solutions for the nonlinear LC transmission line are investigated. Based on Kirchhoff$`$s laws, we derive in the continuum limit and in suitable scaled coordinates, an equation governing slowly modulated wave propagating through the line. Through the auxiliary equation method, we successfully derive various exact traveling wave solutions for such a media. This method is straightforward and concise, and it can also be applied to other nonlinear evolution equations. The obtained solutions include, kink and anti-kink solitons, bell (bright) and anti-bell (dark) solitary waves solutions, periodic, singular and exponential solutions. This method is general as it leads us to diverse solutions that have not been previously obtained for the nonlinear electrical transmission lines.
A reach/significance cross-over: a strategy for demonstrating the impact of our research

It is expected in many different areas of professional and academic life that an individual can prove to others the impact of their research and, in recent years, the criteria of reach and significance have become common means of demonstrating the value of one’s work. In highlighting the former, there may be an inclination to concentrate on statistical measurement. Yet, as this paper reveals, another option lies in emphasising the variety of citing material that has come to light as part of the individual’s efforts to showcase the significance of their impact. The article outlines ten ways in which the diversity of the documents – and their authors – can be shown. Insights relating to separate criteria can be used in concert so as to strengthen an overall claim and thus provide a more compelling argument that one’s research has had a substantial effect on others.
Axiological and Ideological Reframing in the Interpreting of Syrian Refugee’s Trauma Discourse: The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) Interviews as an Example

Abstract Trauma discourse can actively participate in truthfully reflecting victims’ painful experiences. The importance of this kind of discourse increases when it is delivered at certain times, in certain places and to certain people. If the speaker succeeds in the convincing audience, different reactions take place the least of which is driving people’s understanding towards a point that the speaker hopes to. This happens when both the speaker and his audience share the same language. When a discourse is delivered in a language foreign to the audience the only alternative is translation and interpreting. It is expected that throughout interpreting, refugees’ feelings and ideas are and have to be reflected to foreigners. To achieve such a goal, interpreting has to be as transparent as possible. The interpreter’s axiology and ideology may, however, play a decisive role in obstructing the transference of these significant experiences. The present article tries to investigate the degree to which Arabic trauma discourse is distorted in interpreting. It hypothesizes that interpreters are consciously or/and unconsciously socio-politically motivated to delete, add or improperly substitute the linguistic indicators used to convey emotional responses to the crisis. It adopts Baker’s (2006) understanding of narrative reframing. It investigates the rendering of the interpersonal linguistic tools suggested in Martin and White’s (2005) proposal of appraisal theory. The data is taken from the UNHCR’s interviews with Syrian refugees. The thorough examination of the interpreting of these interviews reveals that the interpreters play an effective role in discursively underestimating or exaggerating the interviewees’ suffering. Keywords Trauma Discourse UNHCR institutional hegemony and interpreter axiology Ideology Syrian Refugees
A Novel Joint Adversarial Domain Adaptation Method for Rotary Machine Fault Diagnosis under Different Working Conditions

In real-world applications of detecting faults, many factors—such as changes in working conditions, equipment wear, and environmental causes—can cause a significant mismatch between the source domain on which classifiers are trained and the target domain to which those classifiers are applied. As such, existing deep network algorithms perform poorly under different working conditions. To solve this problem, we propose a novel fault diagnosis method named Joint Adversarial Domain Adaptation (JADA) for fault detection under different working conditions. Our approach simultaneously aligns marginal distribution and conditional distribution across the source and target through a unified adversarial learning process. JADA aims to construct domain-invariant and category-discriminative feature representation that is effective and robust for substantial distribution difference caused by working conditions. We also introduce a supervision signal, namely center loss, that penalizes the distances between the deep features and their corresponding class centers. This makes the learned features better equipped with more discriminative structures and effectively prevents mode collapse. Twenty-four transfer fault diagnosis tasks based on two experimental platforms were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed methods. Extensive experiments verified that the JADA can significantly outperform several popular methods under different transfer diagnosis tasks.
Counting non-commensurable hyperbolic manifolds and a bound on homological torsion

We prove that the cardinality of the torsion subgroups in homology of a closed hyperbolic manifold of any dimension can be bounded by a doubly exponential function of its diameter. It would follow from a conjecture by Bergeron and Venkatesh that the order of growth in our bound is sharp. We also determine how the number of non-commensurable closed hyperbolic manifolds of dimension at least 3 and bounded diameter grows. The lower bound implies that the fraction of arithmetic manifolds tends to zero as the diameter goes up.
A Review of Synthetic Image Data and Its Use in Computer Vision

Development of computer vision algorithms using convolutional neural networks and deep learning has necessitated ever greater amounts of annotated and labelled data to produce high performance models. Large, public data sets have been instrumental in pushing forward computer vision by providing the data necessary for training. However, many computer vision applications cannot rely on general image data provided in the available public datasets to train models, instead requiring labelled image data that is not readily available in the public domain on a large scale. At the same time, acquiring such data from the real world can be difficult, costly to obtain, and manual labour intensive to label in large quantities. Because of this, synthetic image data has been pushed to the forefront as a potentially faster and cheaper alternative to collecting and annotating real data. This review provides general overview of types of synthetic image data, as categorised by synthesised output, common methods of synthesising different types of image data, existing applications and logical extensions, performance of synthetic image data in different applications and the associated difficulties in assessing data performance, and areas for further research.
Exact coherent structures in channel flow

Exact coherent states in no-slip plane Poiseuille flow are calculated by homotopy from free-slip to no-slip boundary conditions. These coherent states are unstable travelling waves. They consist of wavy low-speed streaks flanked by staggered streamwise vortices closely resembling the asymmetric coherent structures observed in the near-wall region of turbulent flows. The travelling waves arise from a saddle-node bifurcation at a sub-turbulent Reynolds number with wall-normal, spanwise and streamwise dimensions smaller than but comparable to 50+, 100+ and 250+, respectively. These coherent solutions come in pairs with distinct structure and instabilities. There is a three-dimensional continuum of such exact coherent states.
A note on divisible points of curves

Let C be an irreducible algebraic curve defined over a number field and inside an algebraic torus of dimension at least 3 . We partially answer a question posed by Levin on points on C for which a non-trivial power lies again on C . Our results have connections to Zilber's Conjecture on Intersections with Tori and yield to methods arising in transcendence theory and the theory of o-minimal structures.
Update on the first-line treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection in areas with high and low clarithromycin resistances

Current international consensuses on Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy recommend that only regimens that reliably produce eradication rates of ⩾90% should be used for empirical treatment. The Real-world Practice & Expectation of Asia-Pacific Physicians and Patients in Helicobacter Pylori Eradication Survey also showed that the accepted minimal eradication rate in H. pylori-infected patients was 91%. According to efficacy prediction model, the per-protocol eradication rates of 7-day and 14-day standard triple therapies fall below 90% when clarithromycin resistance rate ⩾5%. Several strategies including bismuth-containing, non-bismuth-containing quadruple therapies (including sequential, concomitant, hybrid and reverse hybrid therapies), high-dose dual therapy and vonoprazan-based triple therapy have been proposed to increase the eradication rate of H. pylori infection. According to efficacy prediction model, the eradication rate of 14-day concomitant therapy, 14-day hybrid therapy and 7-day vonoprazan-based triple therapy is less than 90% if the frequency of clarithromycin-resistant strains is higher than 90%, 58% and 23%, respectively. To meet the recommendation of the consensus report and patients’ expectation, local surveillance networks for resistance of H. pylori to clarithromycin are required to select appropriate eradication regimens in each geographic region. In areas with low (<5%) clarithromycin resistance (e.g. Sweden, Philippine, Myanmar and Bhutan), 7-day and 14-day standard triple therapies can be adopted for the first-line treatment of H. pylori infection with eradication rates of ⩾90%. In areas with high (⩾5%) clarithromycin resistance (most other countries worldwide) or unknown clarithromycin resistance, 14-day hybrid, 14-day reverse hybrid, 14-day concomitant and 10- to 14-day bismuth quadruple therapy can be used to treat H. pylori infection.
Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis of Inarching Invigorating Rootstock onto Incompatible Grafts in Citrus

Grafting is a technique that is widely used in citrus production. Graft incompatibility often occurs in the orchard. Inarching can effectively improve the vigor of incompatible grafts, but its mechanism remains poorly understood. Our previous studies investigated the scion—rootstock interaction of citrus and highlighted the role of hormonal balance and genes in abscisic acid biosynthesis regulation. To further elucidate the mechanism of inarched grafts rejuvenation, Hm/Pt combination (Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merrill cv. ‘Hongmian miyou’ grafted onto Poncirus trifoliata) were inarched with ‘Pujiang Xiangcheng’ (a novel citrus rootstock cultivar recently selected from wild Citrus junos populations), and comprehensive analysis was performed to compare the inarched grafts and controls. Compared with incompatible grafts, the results revealed that inarching could recover the leaf metabolism balance, including reducing starch content, increasing chlorophyll content and restoring the cell structure. Additionally, our results corroborated that hormonal balance and hormone-related genes played a central role in inarching compatibility. Furthermore, the roles of Hsf4, ERF1, NCED3 and PYL were highlighted, and a model for explaining inarched grafts recovery invigoration was proposed. This study shed light on the mechanism of inarching regulation tree vigor and offered deep insights into the scion—rootstock interaction in citrus.
Measures of discrimination and ambiguity for fuzzy sets

A new informative measure for discrimination between two fuzzy sets is introduced. This discriminating measure reduces, under a special condition to the nonprobabilistic entropy discussed by A. Deluca and S. Termini (1972). The divergence measure between two sets is defined along with a large set of properties. It is used to define an ambiguity (fuzziness) measure. A. Renyi's (1961) probabilistic entropy of order alpha is extended to define a nonprobabilistic entropy of a fuzzy set. Various properties of this definition are considered. <<ETX>>
Test-Retest Reliability of Acoustic Emission Sensing of the Knee during Physical Tasks

Acoustic emission (AE) sensing is an increasingly researched topic in the context of orthopedics and has a potentially high diagnostic value in the non-invasive assessment of joint disorders, such as osteoarthritis and implant loosening. However, a high level of reliability associated with the technology is necessary to make it appropriate for use as a clinical tool. This paper presents a test-retest and intrasession reliability evaluation of AE measurements of the knee during physical tasks: cycling, knee lifts and single-leg squats. Three sessions, each involving eight healthy volunteers were conducted. For the cycling activity, ICCs ranged from 0.538 to 0.901, while the knee lifts and single-leg squats showed poor reliability (ICC < 0.5). Intrasession ICCs ranged from 0.903 to 0.984 for cycling and from 0.600 to 0.901 for the other tasks. The results of this study show that movement consistency across multiple recordings and minimizing the influence of motion artifacts are essential for higher test reliability. It was shown that motion artifact resistant sensor mounting and the use of baseline movements to assess sensor attachment can improve the sensing reliability of AE techniques. Moreover, constrained movements, specifically cycling, show better inter- and intrasession reliability than unconstrained exercises.
Why Is Tantalum Less Susceptible to Bacterial Infection?

Periprosthetic infection is one of the trickiest clinical problems, which often leads to disastrous consequences. The emergence of tantalum and its derivatives provides novel ideas and effective methods to solve this problem and has attracted great attention. However, tantalum was reported to have different anti-infective effects in vivo and in vitro, and the inherent antibacterial capability of tantalum is still controversial, which may restrict its development as an antibacterial material to some extent. In this study, the polished tantalum was selected as the experimental object, the implant-related tibia osteomyelitis model was first established to observe whether it has an anti-infective effect in vivo compared to titanium, and the early studies found that the tantalum had a lower infectious state in the implant-related tibia osteomyelitis model in vivo than titanium. However, further in vitro studies found that the polished tantalum was not superior to the titanium against bacterial adhesion and antibacterial efficacy. In addition, we focus on the state of interaction between cells, bacteria and materials to restore the internal environment as realistically as possible. We found that the adhesion of fibroblasts to tantalum was faster and better than that of titanium. Moreover, what is more, interesting is that, in the early period, bacteria were more likely to adhere to cells that had already attached to the surface of tantalum than to the bare surface of it, and over time, the cells eventually fell off the biomaterials and took away more bacteria in tantalum, making it possible for tantalum to reduce the probability of infection in the body through this mechanism. Moreover, these results also explained the phenomenon of the “race for the surface” from a completely different perspective. This study provides a new idea for further exploring the relationship between bacteria and host tissue cells on the implant surface and a meaningful clue for optimizing the preparation of antibacterial implants in the future.
Variants of alternating minimization method with sublinear rates of convergence for convex optimization

The alternating minimization (AM) method is a fundamental method for minimizing convex functions whose variable consists of two blocks. How to efficiently solve each subproblems when applying the AM method is the most concerned task. In this paper, we investigate this task and design two new variants of the AM method by borrowing proximal linearized techniques. The first variant is very suitable for the case where half of the subproblems are hard to be solved and the other half can be directly computed. The second variant is designed for parallel computation. Both of them are featured by simplicity at each iteration step. Theoretically, with the help of the proximal operator we first write the new as well as the existing AM variants into uniform expressions, and then prove that they enjoy sublinear rates of convergence under very minimal assumptions.
Partially Observed Differential Games, Infinite-Dimensional Hamilton--Jacobi--Isaacs Equations, and Nonlinear $H_\infty$ Control

This paper presents new results for partially observed nonlinear differential games. Using the concept of information state, we solve this problem in terms of an infinite-dimensional partial differential equation, which turns out to be the Hamilton--Jacobi--Isaacs (HJI) equation for partially observed differential games. We give definitions of smooth and viscosity solutions and prove that the value function is a viscosity solution of the HJI equation. We prove a verification theorem, which implies that the optimal controls are separated in that they depend on the observations through the information state. This constitutes a separation principle for partially observed differential games. We also present some new results concerning the certainty equivalence principle under certain standard assumptions. Our results are applied to a nonlinear output feedback $H_\infty$ robust control problem.
Predicting the value of professional sport clubs. A study of European soccer, 2005–2018

This article aims to build a general valuation model that can be applied by investors and current shareholders of professional sport clubs from different countries and leagues. The study is based on panel data on the valuation of soccer clubs published annually by Forbes. Authors analyze all value-drivers that were used previously, expanding the time horizon (number of observations) and incorporating various models including linear and non-linear mixed effect regressions. The best performance is obtained using a mixed-effect model with treebased fi xed part. The following determinants were found signifi cant for the fi xed effect: revenue and number of Google search requests. Analysis of actual deals in 2015–2020 confi rms the model’s predictive ability. It is also shown that since Forbes overestimates the market value of soccer clubs, the proposed model predicts an upper bound on the real value. In this regard, transactions with real value exceeding the estimates are of particular interest. A deeper analysis of such transactions allows to identify additional “non-soccer” factors affecting the deal. Therefore, the proposed model can serve as a tool for the rapid assessment of a soccer club based on open data.
Correlation between defect density and current leakage in InAs∕GaAs quantum dot-in-well structures

We present a study of InAs∕GaAs quantum dot-in-well (DWELL) material using transmission electron microscopy and leakage current-voltage measurements. The spacer layers between the DWELL layers have a variety of annealing and growth temperatures. We show that there is a strong correlation between spacer layer, annealing temperature, defect density, and these leakage currents, with the most defective sample having 30 times more defects and a leakage current several orders of magnitude above that of the least defective. Cross section transmission electron microscope (TEM) shows that surface roughness above defective dots is responsible for the high defect densities. However, even in the best sample the reverse bias leakage current is several orders of magnitude above that typically seen in quantum well materials and a measurable density of defective dots are observed in planar view TEM.
Interpretation of crystallographic groups under Riemann's elliptic geometry

This paper is devoted to the problem of choosing the most suitable model of a geometrical system for describing the real crystallographic space. It has been shown that all 230 crystallographic groups used to describe the crystalline structures in a Euclidean space can be presented by elliptic motions in the closed space $V^3$. Based on these results, it is stated that a special geometric system---the crystallographic space of interpretation $R_E$, determined by a form of an interpretant (the surface of a torus $T^2$ can serve as this interpretant)---can serve as a geometrical model of the real crystallographic space. The compact model of the closed structure of a crystal has been proposed and ways of its treatment for visualizing the constructions of elements of symmetry of a crystalline lattice in the Euclidean space $E^3$ have been determined. As a modeling space for describing the internal structure of a crystal, the closed space $V^3$ with the elliptic metrics and constant positive Gaussian curvature ($K=1$) has been offered. The properties of the internal space of a real crystal are naturally deduced from the properties of the modeling space.