Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The study of problems faced by property management in managing the high rise condominium in Malaysia

In recent years, more Malaysians are moving into stratified unit, especially in urban centers due to limited land availability. Thus, there is a greater awareness of the need for these properties to be well-managed. Property management has historically been underrated and is often associated with mundane maintenance work. However, with the increasing development of strata titled property and legislation to govern the property management of such property, there has been an increasing demand for professional property management skills. Therefore, this study has been developed with the aim to identify the main problems related to property management and the issue in managing the high rise condominium in Malaysia. The study was conducted through structured interview with professional property managers, and also through postal questionnaires. From the study, it was found that the most common complaint lodge by tenants in high rise condominium is defects in their unit not attended within time specified. The process and procedures of handling defects complaint from tenants are also inefficient. The most common problem faced by property management in managing the high rise condominium is poor collection of maintenance fee. The tenants do not pay up the maintenance fee because they are not satisfied with the maintenance work carried out by property management.
Digital Integrated Circuits: Analysis and Design, Second Edition

Exponential improvement in functionality and performance of digital integrated circuits has revolutionized the way we live and work. The continued scaling down of MOS transistors has broadened the scope of use for circuit technology to the point that texts on the topic are generally lacking after a few years. The second edition of Digital Integrated Circuits: Analysis and Design focuses on timeless principles with a modern interdisciplinary view that will serve integrated circuits engineers from all disciplines for years to come. Providing a revised instructional reference for engineers involved with Very Large Scale Integrated Circuit design and fabrication, this book delves into the dramatic advances in the field, including new applications and changes in the physics of operation made possible by relentless miniaturization. This book was conceived in the versatile spirit of the field to bridge a void that had existed between books on transistor electronics and those covering VLSI design and fabrication as a separate topic. Like the first edition, this volume is a crucial link for integrated circuit engineers and those studying the field, supplying the cross-disciplinary connections they require for guidance in more advanced work. For pedagogical reasons, the author uses SPICE level 1 computer simulation models but introduces BSIM models that are indispensable for VLSI design. This enables users to develop a strong and intuitive sense of device and circuit design by drawing direct connections between the hand analysis and the SPICE models. With four new chapters, more than 200 new illustrations, numerous worked examples, case studies, and support provided on a dynamic website, this text significantly expands concepts presented in the first edition.
Hybrid liquid crystal–photonic crystal fiber tunable interferometer

Two tunable interferometers based on photonic crystal fibers (PCF) and liquid crystals (LC) were designed and fabricated. In the first interferometer, the LC peripherally surrounds the PCF, while in the second, much more sensitive to external fields, the LC partially fills the fiber cladding holes. The devices may be applied to optical communications and sensing. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:2075–2079, 2015
Control of front-end three-phase boost rectifier

Modeling and control of a three-phase PWM boost rectifier is presented. A current controller in rotating coordinates assures unity input power factor and fast output voltage regulation. Sensitivity of stability margins to different loads is analyzed. Two typical loads, a DC-DC power converter and an inverter supplying an AC motor, are considered. Linear and nonlinear current controllers in the direct axis are compared. With the nonlinear controller, which employs load current feedforward, the rectifier sensitivity to load variations is greatly reduced and a single optimal output voltage compensator can be designed for all load conditions. Small-signal output impedance is significantly improved, and faster transient response is obtained. The results are illustrated with simulations of a practical 10 kW rectifier. <<ETX>>
The Gloss of Glossy Things

This paper discursses the visual rhenomenon of-loss. It is shown that the perception of this phenomenon derives from two effects (1) that the imag • reflected by a glossy surface lies in a different plane from the surface, and . (2' that the highlights in a glossy scene are abnormally bright. The perception of gloss seems "o arise as a side effect of depth perception and lightness judgment. Vision flashes are informal papers intended for internal use. This memo is located in TJ6-able form on file VIS;VF41 >.
Medium Voltage Resonant Converter with Balanced Input Capacitor Voltages and Output Diode Currents

This paper presents a 1.92 kW resonant converter for medium voltage applications that uses low voltage stress MOSFETs (500V) to achieve zero voltage switching (ZVS) turn-on. In the proposed converter, four MOSFETs are connected in series to limit the voltage stress of the power switches at half of the input voltage. In addition, three resonant circuits are adopted to share the load current and to reduce the current stress of the passive components. Furthermore, the transformer primary and secondary windings are connected in series to balance the output diode currents for medium power applications. Split capacitors are adopted in each resonant circuit to reduce the current stress of the resonant capacitors. Two balance capacitors are also used to automatically balance the input capacitor voltage in every switching cycle. Based on the circuit characteristics of the resonant converter, the MOSFETs are turned on under ZVS. If the switching frequency is less than the series resonant frequency, the rectifier diodes can be turned off under zero current switching (ZCS). Experimental results from a prototype with a 750-800 V input and a 48V/40A output are provided to verify the theoretical analysis and the effectiveness of the proposed converter.
A Review of Biomimetic Air Vehicle Research: 1984-2014

Biomimetic air vehicles (BAV) are a class of unmanned aircraft that mimic the flapping wing kinematics of flying organisms (e.g. birds, bats, and insects). Research into BAV has rapidly expanded over the last 30 years. In this paper, we present a comprehensive bibliometric review of engineering and biology journal articles that were published on this subject between 1984 and 2014. These articles are organized into five topical categories: aerodynamics, guidance and control, mechanisms, structures and materials, and system design. All of the articles are compartmented into one of these categories based on their primary focus. Several aspects of these articles are examined: publication year, number of citations, journal, authoring organization and country, non-academic funding sources, and the flying organism focused upon for bio-mimicry. This review provides useful information on the state of the art of BAV research and insight on potential future directions. Our intention is that this will serve as a resource for those already engaged in BAV research and enable insight that promotes further research interest.
Quantitive Assessment of Corrosion Probability—A Bayesian Network Approach

Corrosion processes mainly affect the probability of failure, which then leads to consequences, such as, fire, explosion, or environmental damage. This paper focuses on the use of Bayesian network models for assessing the probability of corrosion. The Bayesian network approach incorporates cause- effect relationships of complex systems in the form of conditional probabilities. This method considers both knowledge uncertainties (i.e., modeling uncertainties) and data uncertainties to make more informed decisions. The Bayes theorem allows the model to predict the probability of events from their causes, and, if a particular event is known to have occurred, predict probable causes of that event. Two case studies, the first one involving internal corrosion and the second involving external corrosion of oil and gas pipeline, are presented, along with validation using field measurements. The extension of the approach to predicting stress corrosion cracking of pipelines is discussed.
A Sensor Network Routing Protocol Based on Node Residual Energy

This paper mainly discusses the problem of wireless sensor network routing protocols. The flooding routing protocol has disadvantages of hidden terminal, information implosion and emerging redundant packet copies which consume more node energy. A sensor network routing protocol based on node residual energy (RPBEN) is proposed and evaluated. The new protocol choices a small number of nodes that have maximum remaining energy as next hop routing nodes. It saves the energy by avoiding redundancy packet copies produced and improve the disadvantages of flooding routing protocol. Performance analysis and simulation experiment show that the new protocol effectively reduces the data redundancy, reduces the energy consumption and prolongs the network lifetime.
A QoS-driven Service Selection Optimization Algorithm for Internet of Things

Currently, the smart devices have been widely deployed in Internet of Things (IoT). With the scale of IoT continues to increase, it brings big challenges for service composition in a large-scale IoT. For solving this problem, a QoS-driven service selection method based on the enhanced Genetic algorithm (EGS ~ QoS) is proposed in this paper. To decrease the scale of service composition, we use the lexicographic optimization approach and QoS constraint relaxation technique to find the candidate service with height QoS. Then, the IoT service composition problem is transformed into a single-objective optimization problem adopting a simple weighting method, and the final composite service meeting the user's QoS needs is found from the candidate service. Compared with the related algorithm, the simulation results show that EGS ~ QoS can efficiently and quickly select a composite service satisfying user's QoS needs, and is more suitable for solving the service composite problem in large-scale IoT services.
Making Sense of Real Options Reasoning: An Engine of Choice that Backfires?

This chapter traces the development of real options reasoning (ROR) and details how problems in assessing the value of real options have made ROR as initially proposed difficult to implement. The paper then describes how in practice, instead of focusing on explicit valuation, organizations usually use analogous reasoning to develop, select and implement options that enable strategic flexibility and so enhance value. An illustrative case demonstrates how financial options can help this process by buffering core operations from changing market environments. The same illustration also shows that ROR fails to simultaneously create future choices while limiting costs. Moreover, where it does generate future choices, it does not prevent decision-makers from making poor choices. Thus, the engine of choice that ROR suggests organizations should create may in fact backfire on those decision-makers who try to implement it.
Integrated complementary graphene inverter

The operation of a digital logic inverter consisting of one p- and one n-type graphene transistor integrated on the same sheet of monolayer graphene is demonstrated. Both transistors initially exhibited p-type behavior at low gate voltages, since air contamination shifted their Dirac points from zero to a positive gate voltage. Contaminants in one transistor were removed by electrical annealing, which shifted its Dirac point back and therefore restored n-type behavior. Boolean inversion is obtained by operating the transistors between their Dirac points. The fabricated inverter represents an important step toward the development of digital integrated circuits on graphene.
A proposed standard for evaluating structural integrity of reinforced concrete beams by acoustic emission

A series of studies has been performed to evaluate the structural integrity of reinforced concrete (RC) beams by acoustic emission (AE). Cyclic loadings were applied to RC beams with a single reinforcing bar, large repaired beams, beams deteriorated due to corrosion of reinforcement, and two beams with different damage levels in an aging dock. The test results demonstrated that the Kaiser effect starts to break down when shear cracking starts to play a primary role. It has been also shown that high AE activity is observed during unloadings after serious damage (slips between the concrete and the reinforcement or those between the original concrete and the repaired part) has occurred. A standard for evaluating structural integrity of RC beams by AE is proposed, based on these results.
Phase-shifted parallel-input/series-output dual convertor for high-power high-output voltage applications

A new phase-shifted parallel-input/series-output (PISO) dual convertor for high-power and high-output voltage applications is proposed. The new convertor is based on a two-module PISO modular dual convertor operating at a constant duty cycle and employs an auxiliary circuit to control the output voltage with a phase shift between two modules. This convertor shows a high step-up ratio, fast control-to-output dynamics, significantly reduced switch turn-off stress, and high efficiency due to the reduced switch voltage rating. The steady-state operation is analysed and the mathematical models based on this analysis are presented. A comparative analysis with the conventional two-module PISO dual convertor is performed to explore the various features of the proposed convertor. Also, experimental results from a 50 kHz, 800 W, 350 V dc prototype with an input voltage range of 20–32 V dc are presented to confirm the validity of the proposed convertor. The new convertor compares favourably with the conventional PISO dual convertor, and is considered to be well suited to high-power and high-output voltage applications.
Relazioni di business Italia.Cina: quali opportunità per le piccole e medie imprese italiane

L’affermarsi di mercati quali la Cina apre nuove opportunita nel processo di internazionalizzazione. Per le piccole medie imprese il contesto internazionale rappresenta una sfida da affrontare mobilitando e condividendo risorse e conoscenze di altri attori. Cio e subordinato all’instaurazione di relazioni strategiche sul mercato sia interno, sia estero, che incidano sull’intera supply chain aziendale. La tematica e stata indagata mediante una ricerca su un campione di imprese operanti su o per il mercato cinese. Il lavoro fornisce implicazioni manageriali basate su un modello evolutivo proposto per la lettura dei comportamenti delle imprese sui mercati internazionali.
The Complex Interaction Between Global Production Networks, Digital Information Systems and International Knowledge Transfers

Traditionally many studies of knowledge in economics have focused on localized networks and intra-regional collaborations. However, the rising frequency by which firms collaborate within the context of global networks of production and innovation, the increasingly intricate divisions of labor involved and the extensive use of the Internet to facilitate interaction are all relatively novel trends that underline the importance of knowledge creation and flows across different locations. Focusing on this topic, the present chapter examines the complex interactions between global production networks (GPN), digital information systems (DIS) and knowledge transfers in information technology industries. It seeks to disentangle the various conduits through which different kinds of knowledge are transferred within such networks, and investigate how recent generations of DIS are affecting those knowledge transfers. The paper concludes that the dual expansion of GPN and DIS is adding new complexity to the practice of innovation: To access knowledge necessary for sustained creativity firms often have to link up with remote partners in GPN, but to be able to absorb and utilize this knowledge, they also frequently have to engage in local interactive learning processes. These local- global linkages - and the various skills necessary to operate them - are strongly interdependent, mutually reinforcing and critical for the development and maintenance of innovation-based competitiveness.
ENERGY STORAGE AND MANAGEMENT FOR A SMALL SERIES PLUG-IN HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLE

Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) are gaining increasing interest for both residential and commercial transportation applications. In PHEV design, energy storage system (EES) is a critical component which will impact the overall design efficiency, performance, cost and etc. This dissertation aims to design an advanced energy storage system for a small plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, whose performance will approach very closely to the optimal possible, in terms of energy efficiency and acceleration, for passenger road vehicles application. Moreover, practical automotive requirements are considered during ESS design, such as cost, life time, safety and volume. This dissertation utilizes ultracapacitors in conjunction with Lithium-ion batteries to combine the power performance ability of the former with the greater energy storage capability of the latter. This combination can improve vehicle performance, battery life time and safety issue with appropriate design. This dissertation describes the entire ESS design, from energy storage size optimization (determination of power and capacity), multi-source control strategy, to associated power electronics design and testing. An economical 16-phase interleaved bidirectional DC/DC converter connected between ultracapacitors and batteries, is presented featuring smaller input/output filters, faster dynamic response and lower device stress advantages, which are highly preferable in high power applications. Discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) methodology is applied in the proposed converter to reduce imbalance current between phases so that the current control loop in each phase can be removed. The high current ripples associated with DCM operation are then alleviated by interleaving. The design, construction and testing of hardware prototype are presented with experimental results. Moreover, a novel ZVS/ZCS soft switch is proposed for the DC/DC converter based on DCM operation to improve efficiency, reduce spike voltage between MOSFET, and reduce Electromagnetic Interference (EMI). Both simulation model and experiment circuit have been built for one stage DC/DC converter to verify the proposed method. In addition, a battery charger for residential application with power factor correction (PFC) capability is designed. A single stage of boost converter is proposed to achieve both PFC and battery charging control simultaneously. A modified charger system is proposed by utilizing ultracapacitor combined with bidirectional DC/DC converter, to remove large filtering capacitor requirement in traditional charger system, due to the fact that the power absorbed from the single phase AC supply has a large 120 Hz component. iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my sincere appreciation and great gratitude to my advisors, Dr. throughout my graduate study. Their broad …
Limitations imposed by polarization-dependent gain and loss on all-optical ultralong communication systems

Lightwave systems with optical amplifiers are vulnerable to performance degradation due to polarization-dependent loss (PDL) and polarization-dependent gain (PDG). 1 PDL may be caused by optical components, such as directional couplers and isolators,2 whereas PDG is caused by polarization hole burning (PHB) in optical amplifiers.3 Because of PDL and PDG, a polarized signal may be attenuated or may be amplified differently from the unpolarized noise. This difference changes the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at the system output and results in performance degradation. Furthermore, since the state of polarization (SOP) of the transmitted light is randomly changed PDL and PDG may cause the system performance to fluctuate in time.
Design of leaky‐wave antenna based on TE10 mode substrate integrated waveguide

This letter presents a detailed design procedure of leaky‐wave antenna (LWA) based on TE10 mode substrate integrated waveguide (SIW). The topology makes use of one of the fundamental characteristics of SIW, namely, its property of generating leakage loss when the period length is sufficiently large. The TE10 mode SIW is selected to design LWA for the first time in this letter because of its advantages of simple feed mechanism and convenient analytic approach. The design procedure is also presented in detail for the future design. The maximum radiation direction of the proposed antenna in the H‐plane scans from 124° to 109° (total 15°), while the frequency is operated from 10 to 11 GHz. A prototype is manufactured and measured to validate the simulation. All the results show that the proposed design serves as a suitable candidate for applications in millimeter‐wave road‐vehicle system or indoor wireless system. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:715–719, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25831
Surface charge decay under the influence of prior applied voltage in freon

The application of high voltage to an insulating spacer causes a generation of charges within and on the insulator. These charges distort the electric field and may result in a significant modification of the withstand voltage. The decay of the charge density subsequent to removal of the applied voltage is reported. At a fixed pressure the rate of charge decay increased with increasing pre-applied voltage. At a fixed pre-applied voltage, the rate of charge decay increased with increasing gas pressure.