Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A comparative analysis of the attribution of extreme summer precipitation in south and north parts of the East China monsoon region—with the year 2020 as an example

In summer 2020, several watersheds in China monsoon region experienced historically unusually heavy precipitation. The flooding associated with these heavy precipitation events led to devastating impacts on human life, infrastructure, agriculture and economy. Using historical climate simulations from the HadGEM3‐GA6 and CMIP6 models under influences of natural and/or anthropogenic forcings, we conducted a comparative study on the attribution of extremely heavy precipitation events in summer 2020 in the mid‐lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the mid‐lower reaches of the Yellow River‐Hai River Basin which locates respectively in the south and north parts of the East China monsoon region. The potential contributions of anthropogenic forcings to monthly‐scale extreme precipitation and daily maximum precipitation (RX1day) were examined. The results suggest that human activities have decreased the probability of month‐scale extreme precipitation events in the south part of the East China monsoon region. For RX1day extreme precipitation events, anthropogenic factors have increased their probability in both regions. However, the influence of anthropogenic forcings on month‐scale extreme precipitation events in the north part of the East China monsoon region is not robust among the two attribution systems. Further analyses indicated that anthropogenic aerosols (AER) make both month‐scale extreme precipitation events and extreme RX1day less likely to occur in summer 2020, and greenhouse gases (GHG) increase the likelihood of both. GHG influences on Rx1day overwhelm AER influences, leading to an increase of the probability of Rx1day similar to the 2020 events in both regions. In contrast, the decrease in the probability of month‐scale precipitation in the south part of the East China monsoon region is predominantly due to aerosol forcing. The model projections show that the likelihood of both monthly and daily extreme precipitation events in both regions will increase in the future. Accordingly, the recurrence period of extreme precipitation events will be shortened by the end of the 21st century, which is more significant under the high‐emission scenario.
Movement System Impairment Syndromes of the Extremities, Cervical and Thoracic Spines

1. Introduction 2. Staging System for Rehabilitation 3. Movement System Syndromes of the Cervical Spine 4. Movement System Syndromes of the Thoracic Spine 5. Movement System Syndromes of the Hand and Wrist 6. Movement System Syndromes of the Elbow 7. Movement System Syndromes of the Knee 8. Movement System Syndromes of the Foot and Ankle
Editorial: Role of angiotensin-converting enzyme in myeloid immune functions

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is best known for its effects on blood pressure regulation due to its ability to generate the potent vasoconstrictor angiotensin II. Besides cleaving angiotensin I, ACE degrades many substrates, including bradykinin, substance P, N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline (AcSDKP), enkephalins, neurotensin, amyloid β peptide, and others (Bernstein et al., 2013). ACE is composed of two homologous catalytic domains termed the Nand C-domains, each domain has a specific catalytic preference (Bernstein et al., 2013). Recent research findings indicate that ACE impacts various physiological processes, including normal renal development, male reproductive function, hematopoiesis, aspects of the immune response, and metabolic functions in chronic diseases (Bernstein et al., 2018; Cao et al., 2020a; Cao et al., 2020b; Cao et al., 2021; Cao et al., 2022; Cao et al., 2023). In this Research Topic, Danziger et al. discussed that myeloid ACE affects Alzheimer’s disease (AD). ACE has demonstrated the ability to degrade Aβ42, a neurotoxic peptide that caused AD, suggesting a potential neuroprotective function. Research in murine models has indicated that augmenting ACE expression within specific immune cells holds promise for reducing neuropathology and enhancing cognitive function in AD. This review may provide insights into the potential for therapeutic approaches in Alzheimer’s disease based on ACE’s natural capabilities. The Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is a pivotal regulator of blood pressure, primarily influencing renal sodium reabsorption, vascular tone, and sympathetic output. Additionally, it is closely linked to the blood pressure response triggered by changes in salt intake. In the findings by Ertuglu et al., high sodium exposure in vitro resulted in the downregulation of renin, renin binding protein, and renin receptor expression. However, no significant alterations were detected when examining the genes of the renin-angiotensin system in response to dietary salt loading and depletion in vivo. Notably, salt-sensitive individuals tended to have lower plasma renin levels and a diminished response to the salt loading/depletion challenge. These results demonstrate that short-term dietary salt changes do not impact RAAS expression in myeloid immune cells. A healthy body’s immune system must address potential threats from both external and internal sources. When disturbances occur, such as blood pressure or electrolyte balance disruptions, the RAS system perceives danger signals, leading to increased blood OPEN ACCESS
Estimation of cAMP binding in hippocampus CA1 field by a fluorescent probe

The hippocampus is an allocortex structure involved in many complex processes, from memory formation to spatial navigation. It starts developing during prenatal life but acquires its adult functional properties around the peripubertal age, in both humans and mice. Such prolonged maturation is accompanied by structural changes in microcircuitry and functional changes involving biochemical and electrophysiological events. Moreover, hippocampus undergoes plasticity phenomena throughout life. In murine rodents, the most relevant maturation steps in Cornu Ammonis 1 (CA1) hippocampal subfield occur during the third-fourth weeks of life. During this period, also the expression and localization of cAMP-dependent protein kinases (PKA) refines: many regulatory (R1A) PKA clusters appear, bound to the cytoskeleton. Here the binding characteristics of R1A are determined in CA1 by using confocal microscopy. Apparently, two binding sites are present with no evidence of cooperativity. Equilibrium dissociation constant is estimated around 22.9 nM. This value is lower from that estimated for R1A in soluble form, suggesting a different binding site conformation or accessibility in the tissue. The method described here may be useful to track the developmental changes in binding activity, which affects cAMP availability at selected intracellular microzones. Possible relations with functional consequences are discussed.
Targeting TRIP13 for overcoming anticancer drug resistance (Review)

Cancer is one of the greatest dangers to human wellbeing and survival. A key barrier to effective cancer therapy is development of resistance to anti-cancer medications. In cancer cells, the AAA+ ATPase family member thyroid hormone receptor interactor 13 (TRIP13) is key in promoting treatment resistance. Nonetheless, knowledge of the molecular processes underlying TRIP13-based resistance to anticancer therapies is lacking. The present study evaluated the function of TRIP13 expression in anticancer drug resistance and potential methods to overcome this resistance. Additionally, the underlying mechanisms by which TRIP13 promotes resistance to anticancer drugs were explored, including induction of mitotic checkpoint complex surveillance system malfunction, promotion of DNA repair, the enhancement of autophagy and the prevention of immunological clearance. The effects of combination treatment, which include a TRIP13 inhibitor in addition to other inhibitors, were discussed. The present study evaluated the literature on TRIP13 as a possible target and its association with anticancer drug resistance, which may facilitate improvements in current anticancer therapeutic options.
EFL TEACHERS’ INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN IN TEACHING DESCRIPTIVE WRITING THROUGH ASYNCHRONOUS LEARNING AT JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Teknologi merupakan alat yang dapat meningkatkan banyak aspek kehidupan lainnya seperti bisnis, ekonomi, pendidikan, kesehatan, dan lain sebagainya. Manfaat penggunaan teknologi dibidang pendidikan adalah guru dan peserta didik dapat menggunakan internet untuk berbagi pengetahuan baru, berkomunikasi, dan mempraktikkan studi mereka. Mengajar menulis secara online adalah tugas yang menantang bagi para guru. Desain pembelajaran yang akurat harus didasarkan pada pendekatan teoritis yang sesuai. Desain pembelajaran seharusnya menjadi teknik interaktif untuk perencanaan, memilih strategi yang efektif untuk mengajar dan belajar, memilih teknologi yang relevan, mengidentifikasi media pendidikan dan mengukur kinerja. Karena situasi tersebut, tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana guru EFL merancang pengajaran asinkron dalam pengajaran menulis deskriptif di sekolah menengah pertama. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain inkuiri naratif, wawancara semi terstruktur digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa melakukan desain pembelajaran asinkron dalam menulis deskriptif tidaklah sesederhana yang dibayangkan. Guru melakukan berbagai langkah dalam mempersiapkan dan menerapkan instruksi desain dalam proses pembelajaran seperti analisis kebutuhan karakteristik siswa, analisis materi dan media, dan analisis tujuan pembelajaran.
Efecto del metronidazol en pollos de carne con síndrome ascítico

Con el objetivo de determinar el efecto del metronidazol 0.1% sobre los niveles de ON, hemoglobina, hematocrito, indice cardiaco, peso corporal y mortalidad en pollos de carne inducidos al sindrome ascitico en altura. Fueron utilizados trescientos pollos de carne distribuidos en tres grupos: Nivel del mar (criados a nivel del mar), Altura (criados a 3.320 msnm) y Altura-Metronidazol (criados a 3.320 msnm y suplementados con metronidazol al 0,1% en agua de bebida). Los pollos fueron criados por 42 dias en condiciones similares; durante este periodo fue evaluada condicion corporal y mortalidad. Cada semana fueron seleccionados siete pollos de cada grupo para colectar muestras de sangre utilizada en la evaluacion de niveles plasmaticos de oxido nitrico, hematocrito y hemoglobina, asimismo fueron disecados los corazones de estas aves para evaluar el indice cardiaco. Los resultados mostraron que grupo Altura-Metronidazol incremento significativamente los niveles plasmaticos de oxido nitrico los primeros 21 dias de crianza, una mejora en la ganancia de peso y una reduccion significativa de la mortalidad relacionada al sindrome ascitico en comparacion al grupo Altura; sin embargo, ninguno de estos grupos mostro resultados comparables a los del grupo criado a nivel del mar el cual evidencio mejores promedios en ganancia de peso y ninguna mortalidad relacionada al sindrome ascitico. Los otros parametros evaluados no evidenciaron alteraciones significativas. Estos resultados sugieren que el metronidazol tiene un efecto benefico en el control del sindrome ascitico en pollos de carne y podria ser considerado como donador de oxido nitrico.
Rebound of Antarctic ozone

Restrictions on CFCs have led to a gradual decline of Equivalent Effective Stratospheric Chlorine (EESC). A rebound of Antarctic ozone, however, has remained elusive, masked by large interannual changes that dominate its current evolution. A positive response of ozone is not expected to emerge for at least 1–2 decades, possibly not for half a century. We show that interannual changes of the Antarctic ozone hole are accounted for almost perfectly by changes in dynamical forcing of the stratosphere. The close relationship enables dynamically‐induced changes of ozone to be removed, unmasking the climate signal associated with CFCs. The component independent of dynamically‐induced changes exhibits a clear upward trend over the last decade ‐ the first signature of a rebound in Antarctic ozone. It enables ozone to be tracked relative to CFCs and other changes of climate.
Rapidrift: Elementary Techniques to Improve Machine Learning-Based Malware Detection

Artificial intelligence and machine learning have become a necessary part of modern living along with the increased adoption of new computational devices. Because machine learning and artificial intelligence can detect malware better than traditional signature detection, the development of new and novel malware aiming to bypass detection has caused a challenge where models may experience concept drift. However, as new malware samples appear, the detection performance drops. Our work aims to discuss the performance degradation of machine learning-based malware detectors with time, also called concept drift. To achieve this goal, we develop a Python-based framework, namely Rapidrift, capable of analysing the concept drift at a more granular level. We also created two new malware datasets, TRITIUM and INFRENO, from different sources and threat profiles to conduct a deeper analysis of the concept drift problem. To test the effectiveness of Rapidrift, various fundamental methods that could reduce the effects of concept drift were experimentally explored.
Variation of serum serotonin values under specific
peloidotherapy in patients with degenerative pathology
of the lumbar spine

Serotonin is well known to be involved in the mediation of cognitive processes, but also in the regulation of multiple distinct physiological processes, such as pain. It is also involved in the modulation of nociception of the endogenous analgesic system. Among the monoamine neurotransmitters, serotonin plays an important role in signaling chronic pain, hence the importance of its monitoring in lumbar pain due to degenerative pathology, one of the common cause of this kind of pain. The aim of our study is to evaluate the impact of peloidotherapy on the variation of serum serotonin levels in patients with degenerative low back pain. In our study, conducted in Balneal and Rehabilitation Sanatorium of Techirghiol, we evaluated 130 patients who performed balneal and physical treatments for a period of 2 weeks. The patients were divided into 3 groups: 51 patients were enrolled into the hot mud baths group (HMB), 48 in the cold mud baths (CMB) group and 31 in the control group (CG). Each patient performed physiotherapy treatments which includes electrotherapy, massage and kinetotherapy, patients from HMB group had also hot mud therapy and patients from CMB group had cold mud therapy. Serum serotonin was dosed at admission and at discharge, for each patient, and was determined using ELISA method with kits from Demeditec Diagnostics GmbH for human serotonin. All the data from the study were statistically analized using the SPSS 22.0 program, values were interpreted as mean value and standard deviation, and we used ANOVA and t tests. The statistically significant value considered was p<0.05.
Parameterization of subgrid-scale processes in finite element sea ice - ocean models

With the continuous improvement of models for better climate studies and predictions, simulating small scale physical processes remain a challenge. From this perspective, subgrid-scale parameterizations are used whenever such processes cannot be explicitly represented and when their inclusion is beneficial to simulations. However, the parameterizations result from approximations of the reality and also present drawbacks in specific circumstances. In order to prevent these parameterizations from shifting to unphysical behaviours, numerical artefacts are frequently used. In models based on the finite element method, these artefacts are distinctive due to the specificity of the formalism itself. The goal of this doctoral thesis is first to find the best compromise between these numerical artefacts and the preservation of physical processes, through the study of subgrid-scale oceanic parameterizations in a model based on the finite element method. Second, a coupled sea ice – ocean model is built from two disctinct models in order to take advantages of each of them, i.e., unstructured meshes and sophisticated representation of sea ice physics. Through this thesis, these different models are successively used in configurations of increasing complexity, in order to understand the impacts of parameterizations on the models physics accuracy and their skills with respect to observations.
SoilingEdge: PV Soiling Power Loss Estimation at the Edge Using Surveillance Cameras

Solar panels are exposed to various pollutants in outdoor environments, such as dust, sediment, and bird excrement, which can cause the power generated by the panels to drop by up to 50%. To accurately estimate the power generated by photovoltaic (PV) systems, it is necessary to take into account the effects of soiling on the panels. In this article, we propose a deep learning approach that uses edge devices such as micro-controllers to estimate the power loss due to soiling based on images captured by surveillance cameras. The proposed model, called SoilingEdge, is based on MobileNet and has been implemented on several platforms, including CPUs, edge tensor processing units (EdgeTPUs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), and vision processing units (VPUs). We present a comparative study of the performance of SoilingEdge on these different platforms and show that FPGA offers a balanced compromise between cost and inference performance, while VPU is the most cost-effective option, but has a slower execution time. Furthermore, the article also investigates the interpretability of the model through the visualization of attention maps, thus providing useful insights for researchers and engineers in understanding the model behaviors.
Modelling spatial and temporal urban growth

The rapid urbanisation and urban sprawl in particular in the developing world require a scientific understanding of complex urban growth patterns and processes. This knowledge is highly crucial to sustainable land management and urban development planning. Progress in modern remote sensing and GIS techniques has opened up great opportunities, and significant success has already been achieved in monitoring and managing fast urban growth. However, these techniques are still poor when it comes to supporting decisionmaking on sustainable development, as reasonable theories and methods have not been sufficiently and systematically developed to understand the complexity inherent in urban growth. Understanding the urban growth system is a prerequisite for modelling and forecasting future trends of urban land use/cover change and its ecological impacts. As urban growth involves various actors with different patterns of behaviour, we argue that scientific understanding must be based on elaborated complexity theory and a multidisciplinary framework. The theoretical analysis can provide a guideline for selecting modelling methods currently available in complexity modelling and in remote sensing and GIS environments. This chapter first proposes a conceptual model for defining urban growth and its complexity, in which spatial, temporal and decision-making complexity are distinguished as separate domains. Second, this chapter links the conceptual model with the major current methods of modern urban modelling, such as cellular automata, fractals, neural networks, multi-agent, spatial statistics etc. This confrontation enables the possibilities of various modelling methods to understand urban growth complexity to be indicated. Third, this chapter evaluates the operational implementation of representative methods based on criteria such as interpretability, data need and GIS embeddedness.
Seismic tomography in boreholes

Summary. Synthetic seismic tomographic data sets for cross-hole and hole-to-surface arrays are computed and inverted. Inversion (imaging) is performed through an iterative projection solution to a matrix equation. The orientation as well as the position of an anomaly relative to the source and recorder arrays affects both the rate of convergence of the solution and the resolution obtained. Data density and distribution determine the physical validity of the image obtained at convergence. Borehole tomography is apparently a viable method for imaging inter-hole structure.
A physical and chemical model of early lunar history

A 'cool' thermal model of the moon's early history is discussed in terms of lunar petrology. Heat from the totally molten outer half of the moon's volume was, according to the model, lost to space and to the lunar interior, so that, barring additions of heat from external sources, all petrogenesis operating exclusively on material of the initially totally molten zone must have occured in an environment of decreasing temperatures. Mare basalts would result from hybridization by migration, mixing, and reequilibration of a variety of intercumulus liquids. Evidence is considered for the layered structure and a significant structural boundary that should result from differentiation of the approximately 350-km-thick initially totally molten zone. Magnetization of lunar rocks is considered.
DETERMINING NUTRIENT EXPORT COEFFICIENTS AND SOURCE LOADING UNCERTAINTY USING IN‐STREAM MONITORING DATA 1

ABSTRACT: Over a three‐year period, flow and nutrients were monitored at 13 sites in the upper North Bosque River watershed in Texas. Drainage areas above sampling sites differed in percent of dairy waste application fields, forage fields, wood/range, and urban land area. A multiple regression approach was used to develop total phosphorus (TP) and total nitrogen (TN) export coefficients for the major land uses in these heterogeneous drainage areas. The largest export coefficients were associated with dairy waste application fields followed by urban, forage fields, and wood/range. An empirical model was then established to assess nutrient contribution by major sources using developed export coefficients and point source loadings from municipal wastewater treatment. This model was verified by comparison of estimated loadings to measured in‐stream data. Monte Carlo simulation techniques were applied to provide an uncertainty analysis for nutrient loads by source, based on the variance associated with each export coefficient. The largest sources of nutrients contributing to the upper North Bosque River were associated with dairy waste application fields and forage fields, while the greatest relative uncertainty in source contribution was associated with loadings from urban and wood/range land uses.
Kamratgranskning av rapporter i kursen Systemteknik

Traditionellt har examinationen av manga kurser pa LTH bestatt av en skriftlig tentamen efter kursen avslutande. Detta instrument for att mata och vardera studenternas kunskaper har ofta i stor utstrackning styrt studenternas studievanor, ofta med intensivt tentalasande som foljd. Kamratgranskning, eller ”Peer Review”, ar en metod som kan anvandas som en del i en lopande examination under kursen gang. Metoden bygger pa att studenterna utvarderar och ger synpunkter pa varandras arbeten, vilket stimulerar till aktivitet och interaktion under en storre del av kursen. Pa Institutionen for Reglerteknik har metoden med gott resultat tillampas vid rapportskrivning i kursen Systemteknik som ges for tredjears­studenterna pa Ekosystemteknikprogrammet. Erfarenheterna fran det inledande forsoket var mycket positiva, vilket lett till att kamratgranskning numera ar ett permanent inslag i kursen. (Less)