Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Study on the Determination of Biochemical Changes of Different Species of Fish During Frozen Storage

The main purpose of the study was to observe the nutritional value of unfrozen fish such as Rui (Labeo rohita), Catla (Catla catla), Mrigal carp (Cirrhinus cirrhosus) and to evaluate the effect of freezing condition for 1st, 2nd and 3rd weeks at (-18 °C). The average body weights of the samples were 900gm, 800gm, and 950 gm for Rui, Catla, and Mrigal, respectively. All fish samples collected from the regional market of Tangail and Rangpur district in Bangladesh. The samples were analyzed after a week interval of up to three weeks. The moisture content of natural and cultivated rui, catla and mrigal were 77.06%, 73.50%, 75.21% and 75.70%, 74.41%, 74.35% respectively in normal condition. These decreased with rising freezing time in 3rd weeks. There were 73.66%, 72.41%, 73.97%, and 71.30%, 73.15%, 72.06%, respectively. In addition, The protein content of natural and cultivated rui, catla and mrigal were noticed 18.55%, 20.19% ,19.85% and 17.34%, 19.45%, 19.35% respectively in normal condition and these declined with increasing frozen storage on 3rd weeks , these values were 17.15% 18.25% ,17.50% and 16% 17.65%,17.48% respectively. Moreover, the lipid content of natural and cultivated rui, catla and mrigal were 1.29%, 2.50%, 1.33%, and 5.67%, 4%, 4.78% respectively in normal condition and after 3rd weeks there were 0.60% 1.48% ,1.15% and 5% , 2.8% ,4.2% respectively. The ash content of natural and cultivated rui, catla and mrigal were 0.99%, 1.28%, 0.88% and 0.95%, 0.81%, 0.91% in unfrozen condition and 1.20%, 1.88%, 1.80% and 1.24%, 1.92%, 1.73% respectively were observed after three weeks. The maximum values of extract release volume, swelling capacity recorded for fresh samples and decreased with freezing times. However, at the end of the study, remarkable change was observed between a normal sample and frozen samples after one, two, and three weeks. Finally, the study showed that the biochemical composition of fish muscles influenced by freezing temperature and time.
Current trends in the electrical characterization of low-k dielectrics

In this paper, current trends in the electrical characterization of low-k dielectrics for advanced interconnects, are presented. Emphasis is given to the study of moisture induced degradation and to the thermal effects in embedded interconnect architectures. The experimental results prove the necessity to provide new design guidelines for sub-0.25 /spl mu/m interconnects.
Analysis of Error Types of Number Plate Recognition in KOREA

: The aim of this study is to analyze the patterns of AVI (Automatic Vehicle Identification) misreading errors. 2009 ITS performance evaluation results show that the performance level of equipments becomes low as they grow old. Also AVI is more suitable for day time collection than night time. From the analysis of errors, there are two types of errors; similar shape error and errors due to different number plate types. In the result and analysis part, we talk about these types with figures. In conclusion, to assure the ITS reliability, it is necessary to maintain the equipments regularly.
DECAY OF STRENGTH OF VORTEX DOWN STREAM OF SUBMERGED VANE

ABSTRACT For spacing of vane arrays, the information about strength of vortex downstream of a submerged vane is needed. A series of experiments were performed with rectangular submerged vane with and without a collar at Froude numbers 0.13 and 0.25. To define the strength of vortex, a new set of dimensionless parameters using moment of momentum are involved. The present study provides certain information on the decay of strength of vortex with downstream of vane. The decay of vane strength does not follow similar trend and appears sensitive to the location of center of vortex, Froude number, etc. The streamwise spacing of submerged vanes may be taken at least 40H at optimal angle of attack. Centre of vortex is also observed to change with the downstream of submerged vane.
Major Element Signatures of Silicate Dust Deposited on the West African Margin: Links With Transport Patterns and Provenance Regions

Mineral dust deposition characteristics are poorly constrained, even in the Northeastern Tropical Atlantic Ocean, which is immediately downwind of the Saharan desert and the largest marine repository of aeolian dust in the world. Here, we report on a 2‐year (March 2013–February 2015) time series of deposited dust on the Senegalese margin. This record enables us to document the chemical variability (major elements) of the settling Saharan dust (<30 µm silicate fraction, i.e., carbonate‐free) at a resolution varying from one week to one day, along with the deposition flux. This continuous time series reveals a greater geochemical diversity than previously reported, particularly during the dry winter‐spring season when continental trade winds sweep across vast regions of West Africa at low atmospheric levels before reaching the sampling site. By contrast, during major deposition events, which make up for most of the yearly flux, our record shows that Saharan dust chemical composition displays much narrower ranges. Trajectory analyses indicate that these relatively well‐defined chemical signatures are due to the limited number of provenance sectors involved during major deposition occurrences. The chemical characterization of the dust deposited during these events, hence, allows identifying the major element fingerprint of the related source regions, the most important one being a sizable area at the border of Algeria and Mali including the Tanezrouft desert north of the Taoudeni basin. Also, since these major events are associated with major Saharan outbreaks, they provide estimations of the prevailing elemental signatures for Saharan dust impacting the Northeastern Tropical Atlantic Ocean.
A measurement‐communication‐recognition framework of corporate culture change: An empirical study

Company culture, consisting of a shared pattern of basic values, beliefs, and organizational assumptions, is widely accepted as a powerful force to drive performance‐enhancing behavior in an organization. Changing a well‐established culture is, however, a highly complex issue. It is thus very challenging to implement a new organizational culture. This article presents the measurement‐communication‐recognition (MCR) framework to manage culture changes in an organization. Ten cultural elements are strategically identified, whereas a four‐stage approach of implementation methodology is proposed in the framework. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
InAlAs APD with high multiplied responsivity-bandwidth product (MR-bandwidth product) of 168 A/W.GHz for 25 Gbit/s high-speed operations

An InAlAs avalanche photodiode (APD) that has large bandwidth (>18.5 GHz) and high multiplied responsivity is demonstrated. The APD has a vertically illuminated structure with a thick absorption layer of 1 μm. The fabricated APD achieves the maximum 3 dB bandwidth of 23 GHz at the multiplied responsivity of 4.06 A/W and the 3 dB bandwidth of 18.5 GHz at high multiplied responsivity of 9.1 A/W. The multiplied responsivity-bandwidth product 18.5 × 9.1 = 168 A/W-GHz is the largest value ever reported for an APD for 25 Gbit/s operations.
Ultra-wideband multistatic SAR for the detection and location of landmines

Techniques for improving the signal to clutter ratio of an. ultra-wideband SAR designed to detect small mine-like objects in the surface of the ground were investigated. In particular, images were collected using different bistatic antenna configurations in an attempt to decorrelate the clutter with respect to the targets. The images were converted to a reference depression angle, summed, and then converted to ground coordinates. The resulting target strengths were then compared with the amplitude distribution of the ground clutter to show the improvement obtained. While some improvement was demonstrated, this was for the relatively easy scenario of targets on the surface partially obscured by grass. Detection based on thresholding the raw RF signal (the bipolar response) rather than the envelope (baseband I-2 + Q(2)) was also considered to further enhance target-to-clutter ratios.
Modelling Characteristics of Ferromagnetic Cores with the Influence of Temperature

The paper is devoted to modelling characteristics of ferromagnetic cores with the use of SPICE software. Some disadvantages of the selected literature models of such cores are discussed. A modified model of ferromagnetic cores taking into account the influence of temperature on the magnetizing characteristics and the core losses is proposed. The form of the elaborated model is presented and discussed. The correctness of this model is verified by comparing the calculated and the measured characteristics of the selected ferromagnetic cores.
Automatic detection of characteristic points and form of optical signals in multiparametric capillary sensors

The time series sequence of data readings are the input for computer aided analysis of signal from the multiparametric optical capillary sensor. The time series signals have characteristic points and forms. Their analysis by trained human operators is time consuming and sometimes lacks of precision because of the presence of signal noise. The noises can be mostly rejected with advanced electronic signal processing, but the output analog signal is often modified by the electromagnetic environment and by the noise generated by electronic elements. We propose and analyze an algorithm that can be used as an automatic detector of characteristic points and form of the time series signals that are produced by the measuring head and the analog electronic units of the biodiesel fuel quality test sensor.
Wind turbine SCADA alarm analysis for improving reliability

Previous research for detecting incipient wind turbine failures, using condition monitoring algorithms, concentrated on wind turbine Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) signals, such as power output, wind speed and bearing temperatures, using power-curve and temperature relationships. However, very little research effort has been made on wind turbine SCADA alarms. When wind turbines are operating in significantly sized wind farms, these alarm triggers are overwhelming for operators or maintainers alike because of large number occurring in a 10 min SCADA period. This paper considers these alarms originating in two large populations of modern onshore wind turbines over a period of 1‐2 years. First, an analysis is made on where the alarms originate. Second, a methodology for prioritizing the alarms is adopted from an oil and gas industry standard to show the seriousness of the alarm data volume. Third, two methods of alarm analysis, time-sequence and probability-based, are proposed and demonstrated on the data from one of the wind turbine populations, considering pitch and converter systems with known faults. The results of this work show that alarm data require relatively little storage yet provide rich condition monitoring information. Both the time-sequence and probability-based analysis methods have the potential to rationalize and reduce alarm data, providing valuable fault detection, diagnosis and prognosis from the conditions under which the alarms are generated. These methods should be developed and integrated into an intelligent alarm handling system for wind farms, aimed at improving wind turbine reliability to reduce downtime, increase availability and leading to a well-organized maintenance schedule. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Measuring flexibility in field-service using simulation

Abstract Despite of the constant attention raised by flexibility, its measure is still an under-developed subject. There is, in fact, a lack of direct measurements of flexibility and the validity of the existing ones is not always proven. To fill this gap, in this paper, we present a measure of flexibility suitable to be applied to a field service delivery system and we propose a simulation based-methodology to assess its validity and reliability.
El género Bacillus como agente de control biológico y sus implicaciones en la bioseguridad agrícola

El genero Bacillus se encuentra ampliamente distribuido en los agro-sistemas y una de sus principales aplicaciones es el control de enfermedades de cultivos agricolas. En la presente revision se describe y analiza al genero Bacillus , y sus principales mecanismos de accion, tales como la excrecion de antibioticos, toxinas, sideroforos, enzimas liticas e induciendo la resistencia sistemica, enfocado en su capacidad para ser utilizado como agente de control biologico de plagas y enfermedades en plantas; asi como su uso en la formulacion de bioplaguicidas, que han sido incorporados a los programas de Manejo Integrado de Plagas y Enfermedades. Ademas, se analiza el uso del genero Bacillus en la agricultura bajo un enfoque de bioseguridad agricola, asi como los principales criterios indispensables de seleccion de agentes de control biologico promisorios, considerando cepas no patogenicas para el ser humano, y que no impacten negativamente a las comunidades microbianas de los agro-ecosistemas, como efecto secundario por su actividad biologica no especifica contra un fitopatogeno en particular.
Design and Assembly Considerations in the Engineering of Vascular Tissue

Native vascular tissue functions are highly dependent on structural organization at the super-cellular, cellular, and sub-cellular spatial scales. We hypothesized that the structure-function relationship of vascular tissues in vivo can be leveraged to engineer vascular tissues in vitro by prescribing the shape of constituent cells and their assembly into organized three-dimensional structures. To this end, we first asked if vascular smooth muscle cell shape influences cellular contractility. We engineered human vascular smooth muscle cells to assume similar shapes to those in elastic and muscular arteries and then measured their contraction while stimulating with endothelin-1. We found that vascular smooth muscle cells with elongated shapes exhibited lower contractile strength but a greater percentage increase in contraction after endothelin-1 stimulation, suggesting that elongated vascular smooth muscle cell shape endows the muscular artery with greater dynamic contractile range. Next, we sought to assemble cells into tissues by employing a three-dimensional cellular patterning strategy based on the folding of porous, thin polymer films. We assembled different three-dimensional endothelial and vascular smooth muscle organizations by patterning two-dimensional poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid and collagen thin films with cell suspensions at prescribed locations. The films were subsequently folded following Miura-ori geometry guidelines and the matrices were embedded subcutaneously in immunodeficient mice in order to assess the vascularization of the implanted constructs. We found that spatial organization
On line rotor parameter determination of three phase induction motors

This paper discusses the developments on the implementation of a rapid online rotor parameter determination method for three-phase induction motors without the need to connect a mechanical load or drive to the machine's output shaft. The technique is based on data sampling and at the same instance calculating and recording the necessary parameter determination input such as currents, voltages, power, power factor and speed whilst the machine runs up to speed. In this paper, a method is proposed whereby the no-load and zero-speed data are also measured from the run-up test. Furthermore the technique takes into account rotor parameter variations with frequency due to skin effect, and other nonlinear imperfections such as heating, main flux path saturation, leakage variation or flux migration due to rotor skew. <<ETX>>
Probing waveform synthesis and receive filter design for active sensing systems

Probing waveform synthesis and receive filter design play crucial roles in achievable performance for active sensing applications, including radar, sonar, and medical imaging. We focus herein on conventional single-input single-output (SISO) radar systems. A flexible receive filter design approach, at the costs of lower signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and higher computational complexity, can be used to compensate for missing features of the probing waveforms. A well synthesized waveform, meaning one with good autocorrelation properties, can reduce computational burden at the receiver and improve performance. Herein, we will highlight the interplay between waveform synthesis and receiver design. We will review a novel, cyclic approach to waveform design, and then compare the merit factors of these waveforms to other well-known sequences. In our comparisons, we will consider chirp, Frank, Golomb, and P4 sequences. Furthermore, we will overview several advanced techniques for receiver design, including data-independent instrumental variables (IV) filters, a data-adaptive iterative adaptive approach (IAA), and a data-adaptive Sparse Bayesian Learning (SBL) algorithm. We will show how these designs can significantly outperform conventional matched filter (MF) techniques for range compression as well as for range-Doppler imaging.
Actual seismic response controlled building with semi-active damper system

This paper presents the first application of a semi-active damper system to an actual building. The Semi-active Hydraulic Damper (SHD) can produce a maximum damping force of 1000 kN with an electric power of 70 W. It is compact, so a large number of them can be installed in a single building. It is thus possible to control the building's response during a severe earthquake, because a large control force is obtained in comparison with a conventional active control system. This paper outlines the building, the control system configuration, the SHD, the control method using a Linear Quadratic Regulator, the response analysis results of the controlled building, and the dynamic loading test results of the actual SHD. The simulation analysis shows that damage to buildings can be prevented in a severe earthquake by SHD control. The dynamic loading test results of the SHD are reported, which show that the specified design values were obtained in the basic characteristic test. The control performance test using simulated response time histories, also shows that the damping force agrees well with the command. Finally, it is confirmed that the semi-active damper system applied to an actual building effectively controls its response in severe earthquakes. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Comparative study of GA & DE algorithm for the economic operation of a power system using FACTS devices

: The problem of improving the voltage profile and reducing power loss in electrical networks must be solved in an optimal manner. This paper deals with comparative study of Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Differential Evolution (DE) based algorithm for the optimal allocation of multiple FACTS (Flexible AC Transmission System) devices in an interconnected power system for the economic operation as well as to en-hance loadability of lines. Proper placement of FACTS devices like Static VAr Compensator (SVC), Thyristor Controlled Switched Capacitor (TCSC) and controlling reactive generations of the generators and transformer tap settings simultaneously improves the system performance greatly using the proposed approach. These GA & DE based methods are applied on standard IEEE 30 bus system. The system is reactively loaded starting from base to 200% of base load. FACTS devices are installed in the different locations of the power system and system performance is observed with and without FACTS devices. First, the locations, where the FACTS devices to be placed is determined by calculating active and reactive power flows in the lines. GA and DE based algorithm is then applied to find the amount of magnitudes of the FACTS devices. Finally the comparison between these two techniques for the placement of FACTS devices are presented. reactive power flow change takes place at the node i due to TCSC connected to a particular line between the nodes i & j; Q iL (inj) – Reactive power injection due to SVC; V i , V j – Voltage of i th and j th bus respectively; N – Number of lines; G ij , B ij – Real and Imaginary part of admittance between buses i & j respectively; 2 ij – Phase angle between V i & V j
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of AZ81 Alloy with Gd

The effect of Gd(gadolinium) on the microstructure and mechanical properties of aged AZ81 magnesium alloy were investigated. The results showed that 2wt. %Gd addition results in the obvious refinement of grain size, the decrease of β-Mg17Al12 phase and the formation of Al2Gd phase, and improves the mechanical properties of AZ81 alloy at room and high temperature. After the addition of 2wt. %Gd, the tensile strengths are enhanced from 203.2MPa to 249.3MPa at room temperature and from 157.2MPa to 197.3MPa at 150°C. Meanwhile, the elongations are increased.
Contact mechanics of piezoelectric ultrasonic motors

Piezoelectric ultrasonic motors are driven by tangential stresses in the interface between stator and rotor. These stresses are generated by the elliptical motion of the material points of the stator or rotor surface and depend on frictional processes in the contact area. The contact mechanics of piezoelectric ultrasonic motors determines the operational characteristics, like rotational speed and torque or transmitted mechanical power and efficiency. Wear properties and lifetime of piezoelectric ultrasonic motors are also determined by contact mechanics. The goal of the present paper is to summarize the state of the art in the understanding of some fundamental processes governing the contact mechanics of piezoelectric ultrasonic motors. After a short introduction, a survey of publications devoted to the subject will be given. Then, an attempt will be made to classify the mechanical models, which were developed in order to explain the contact mechanics of piezoelectric ultrasonic motors, according to the physical effects which have been taken into account in their derivation. Some results concerning the choice of proper contact materials, wear and lifetime of ultrasonic motors will be addressed in a separate section. Finally a summary and outlook will be given and open questions for future research will be formulated.
Influence of corner effect on performance of three-dimensional tunnel field-effect transistor

The electrical performance of the three-dimensional (3D) tunnel field-effect transistor (TFET) was investigated via 3D numerical simulation. It was shown that the rectangular tri-gate (ReTG) TFET has a higher on-state current (Ion) and smaller subthreshold swing (SS) than those of the planar single-gate (SG) TFET owing to the gate control enhancement in the corners of the channel. On the basis of this observation, a trapezoidal tri-gate (TpTG) TFET was proposed, and its electrical properties were optimized. It was demonstrated that Ion increased and SS decreased as the corners become sharper. When the trapezoidal channel become triangular, Ion was approximately enhanced by over 500% and SS was reduced by 33% with respect to the planar SG TFET. In addition, as the channel length shrinks, both the ReTG TFET and triangular tri-gate TFET can efficiently suppress the off-state current.