Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effect of lignin on processing and the properties of lignocellulose material recovered by ionic liquid

As a prospective raw material, lignin containing papermaking fibers can be easily recycled, dissolved with proper solvents and reused. However, in order to utilize this material, more eco-friendly green dissolution methods are also required. As a green solvent, ionic liquids (ILs) have been attracted too much interest in processing of lignocellulosic biopolymers, but the practical effect of lignin on this process was not clear. In this due, production of lignocellulosic bio-composite films from bleached (lignin-free) and unbleached (lignin-containing) soda pulps was studied. First, fibers were dissolved in 1-Buthyl 3-Methyl Imidazolium Chloride (BMIMCL) at 85-95 °C. Following fabrication and preparation of the lignocellulosic films, certain mechanical and physical properties of cellulose composite films were analyzed. FESEM and XRD analytical methods were applied to study the product morphology and structure. Microscopic studies showed both fibers were disappeared in the ionic liquid in less than 1 h, although the unbleached fibers took more time for complete dissolution. The results indicated that the films produced from unbleached pulp had less tensile strength and more dynamic contact angle with water droplet than the ones produced from bleached pulp. Moreover, the optical tests revealed that the lignin resulted in less transparency of the films, but increased absorption of UV radiations. This implies that even impure lignocellulose feedstock can have promising features.
La pitahaya rouge, un nouveau fruit exotique

La pitahaya (Hylocereus undatus Britt. et Rose) cultivee au Nicaragua a commence a etre exportee vers la CEE en 1989. Les caracteristiques du fruit ainsi que la biologie de la plante, les soins culturaux, les principaux parasites et maladies sont decrits. Quelques donnees preliminaires sur l'evolution des fruits apres recolte permettent de se faire une idee sur leur duree de vie dans differentes conditions.
Exploring Guest Preferences of Breakfast Menu: Conjoint Analysis

ABSTRACT Many lodging operations offer a complimentary breakfast as a sales tool, a part of the brand standard distinguishing and leverage, to attract more travelers. However, there is dearth of studies focusing on which food and beverage items a hotel should decide to include at the breakfast. This study identifies which bundle of breakfast items were most preferred by travelers. Pilot survey was collected from guests to identify breakfast attributes and levels to be included in the main study. The main survey was collected using Web based panels from a marketing firm. Choice-based conjoint (CBC) experiments were carried out for data analysis. The findings suggest that managers should keep fruit bowl, waffle, scrambled egg, and coffee on their menu as core items.
Percepções de Agricultores do Norte do Rio Grande do Sul sobre os Serviços Ecossistêmicos prestados pelas Florestas

Este trabalho tem por objetivo caracterizar as percepções de agricultores agroecológicos e convencionais, residentes no Norte do Rio Grande do Sul, sobre as funções e serviços ecossistêmicos das florestas. Participaram da pesquisa 120 agricultores, sendo 60 convencionais e 60 agroecológicos. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de uma entrevista estruturada, cujos dados foram submetidos a estatística. Os agricultores agroecológicos e convencionais reconhecem que as florestas prestam inúmeras funções ambientais (regulação, provisão, habitat e informação). As funções de regulação e de provisão foram as mais citadas, e há diferenças na porcentagem de citações entre os agricultores agroecológicos e convencionais. Os resultados que, quanto maior a idade do entrevistado, diminui o número de citações relacionadas aos serviços de regulação, e aumenta o número de citações dos serviços de provisão. Conclui-se que os agricultores da Região estudada possuem compreensão da importância das florestas para o bem-estar humano e para as atividades produtivas que realizam. Essa compreensão é mais ampla e aprofundada entre os agricultores agroecológicos, entre aqueles que possuem menor idade e maior nível de instrução.
Suppressed Strong Metal–Support Interactions in Platinum on Sulfated Titania and Their Influence on the Oxidation of Carbon Monoxide

Strong metal–support interactions (SMSI), which are evidenced by the coverage of Pt by the TiO2 support under reducing conditions, were suppressed upon loading Pt on sulfated TiO2 (S‐TiO2), according to controlled CO chemisorption results. Combined X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and X‐ray absorption near‐edge structure (XANES) studies showed that the Pt species interacted more strongly with the sulfur‐free TiO2 surface than with the sulfated TiO2 surface, which thereby facilitated the formation of SMSIs at low temperatures. Weakened interactions between Pt and S‐TiO2 led to the formation of large Pt clusters with more metallic character. CO oxidation on the Pt/S‐TiO2 and Pt/TiO2 catalysts revealed that the temperature for 50 % conversion was lower on Pt/S‐TiO2 than on Pt/TiO2 by more than 50 °C. It was concluded that the metal–support interactions between Pt and TiO2 could be controlled by S species on TiO2, and this ultimately influenced the CO oxidation ability of the catalyst.
P-Ca, AG4/7 y 6-BAP en la fisiología y nutrición de tomate en invernadero

El tomate es un cultivo de importancia mundial por su aportación en mano de obra, economía y calidad alimenticia. Estas características obligan a una continua búsqueda de tecnologías que contribuyan a mejorar el rendimiento y calidad del fruto. En este estudio se evaluó el efecto de biorreguladores en parámetros foliares, contenido de nutrientes, rendimiento y calidad del fruto en tomate saladette híbrido “Raptor-F1” en la UAAAN, Saltillo, Coahuila, durante abril-agosto de 2015, bajo condiciones de invernadero. Cuando las plantas mostraron primordios florales se realizó una primera aplicación foliar con atomizador manual a punto de rocío de los tratamientos: control (agua), P-Ca (50 mg L-1), AG4/7 (50 mg L-1), AG4/7 (100 mg L-1), 6-BAP (50 mg L-1), 6-BAP (100 mg L-1), AG4/7 (50 mg L-1)+6-BAP (50 mg L-1) y AG4/7 (100 mg L-1)+6-BAP (100 mg L-1) y 15 días después, se realizó una segunda aplicación de las mismas dosis. Se estableció un diseño estadístico completamente al azar con diez repeticiones por tratamiento. Los resultados fueron analizados usando la prueba DMS (p≤ 0.05). P-Ca y 6-BAP a 50 mg L-1 no modificaron los parámetros foliares y rendimiento por planta; sin embargo, aumentaron el nivel de potasio en hojas y de nitrógeno y calcio en frutos. 6-BAP a 50 mg L-1 incrementó la materia fresca y seca, mientras que al combinarse con las giberelinas AG4/7 a 100 mg L-1 aumentaron el contenido de vitamina C y licopeno en frutos. Se concluye que las concentraciones individuales o combinadas de P-Ca, AG4/7 y 6-BAP, favorecen la calidad del tomate saladette híbrido “Raptor-F1” en invernadero.
Development of VUV wavelength shifter for the use with a visible light photodetector in noble gas filled detectors

abstract Development study of a wavelength shifter (WLS) to convert a noble gas emission light from the VUVregion to the visible range is presented. The shifter is developed for the use with an array of blue-sensitive multipixel avalanche Geiger photodiodes (MRS APD) to detect Xe 175 nm emission. It wasfound that a polycrystalline p-terphenyl having an absorption peak at 180 nm with a molar extinctioncoefﬁcient e of 3750075000 mol 1 lcm is well suited for this. To satisfy a requirement ofcompatibility with an extra pure noble gas detection medium the p-terphenyl layer was coated withan 1 m m thick poly-para-xylylene protection ﬁlm. A new WLS with maximum of emission spectrum at 390 nm and at 420 nm is developed on thebasis of a nanostructured organosilicon luminophore. & 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 1. IntroductionNoble gases are widely used as detection media for particlesand radiation: the good example is liquid noble gas detectors forDark Matter search [1–5]. The attractive property of them is thepossibility to obtain simultaneously scintillation and ionisationsignals proportionally to the energy deposition. Another usefulproperty of the noble gases is an effect of proportional scintilla-tion in an electric ﬁeld called electroluminescence, which offersthe unique possibility to achieve the extra low detection thresh-old on ionisation, down to the single electron.However, all noble gases have the short wavelengths of emissionboth for scintillation and electroluminescence: 127 nm, 150 nm and175 nm for Ar, Kr and Xe, correspondently. For detection of the lightin the noble gasses VUV-sensitive photodetectors are required.Specially developed for liquid xenon VUV-sensitive photomul-tipliers and large area avalanche photodiodes are used in the low-temperature liquid noble gas environment [6–8]. Another approach is the use of a wavelength shifter (WLS) anda visible light photodetector. In the work [9] a glass windowed9357FLA Electron Tubes photomultiplier was tested with a tetra-phenylbutadiene (TPB) in a liquid Ar time projection chamber.The current work was stimulated by a new development inwhich multipixel avalanche Geiger photodiodes (MRS APD, SiPM,currently not sensitive in the VUV region) are used for detectionof the electroluminescence from the THGEM situated above thesurface of the liquid xenon in a two-phase detector [10]. 2. Wavelength shifter for Xe luminescence2.1. p-terphenylThe high ﬂuorescence quantum yield of a p-terphenyl (1,4-di-phenylbenzene) for the Xe emission light was demonstrated in [11]. According to the literature data available for a molecular solutionof p-terphenyl in an n-heptane [12,13] its absorption spectrum hastwo maxima: at
Power‐to‐Liquids as Renewable Fuel Option for Aviation: A Review

Severe reductions in the greenhouse gas intensity of aviation fuels are required to get a growing aviation sector on a flightpath compliant with the Paris Climate Agreement. Introducing renewable energy into aviation is challenging. The power-to-liquid (PtL) pathway uses renewable electricity, CO2, and water to synthesize a sustainable alternative fuel that chemically resembles conventional jet fuel. The state-of-art of key technologies for PtL fuel production as well as the environmental and techno-economic performance of the resulting fuel in comparison with fossil and biomass-derived jet fuel are reviewed.
Product to reduce glycemic response of carbohydrate based foods

The present invention is made in a foodstuff for okra plant species, and Alesund or plant species of the edible part groats and cereal and non-cereal or a flour-containing food of ha or more types of carbohydrate-based is selected from a mixture thereof, the reaction per variant It relates to the use for.
Nitrogen Doped Carbon Nanosheets Homogeneously Imbedded With Co Nanoparticles via Biostructure Confinement as Highly Efficient Microwave Absorbers

2D/quasi-2D nanomaterial (e.g., graphene, MXene, carbon nanosheet) based composites are efficient absorbers of the ever-growing pollution of electromagnetic wave (EMW) due to their large aspect ratios, ample functional groups and tunable electric and magnetic properties. However, a simple and cost-effective synthesis process of the nanocomposites is still elusive. Thus, we demonstrated a simple swelling and carbonization process of exfoliated cellulose fibril to synthesize nitrogen-doped carbon nanosheets with homogeneously imbedded Co nanoparticles (Co/NCN). Co/NCN with carbonization temperature of 800 °C exhibited a minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of -65.7 dB at 13.9 GHz and an effective absorption bandwidth of 5.8 GHz with RL <-10 dB at a thickness of 1.7 mm. In addition, the microwave absorption characteristics of the composite can be further adjusted by the carbonization temperature. Those value are superior to many nanocomposites based on graphene and MXene. The doped nitrogen heteroatoms were found to be important for maintaining the morphology of carbon nanosheet, increasing the interfacial polarization loss and improving the impedance matching. The environment-friendly and low-cost process proposed here can be extended to synthesis many other metal/NCN nanocomposites as the high-performance EMW absorbers.
A Study on Dynamic Asset Allocation Strategy for Optimal Portfolio Selection

We use iterative numerical procedures combined with analytical methods due to Rapach and Wohar (2009) to solve for the dynamic asset allocation strategy for optimal portfolio demand. We compare different optimal portfolio demands when investors in each country have different access to overseas and domestic investment opportunities. The optimal dynamic asset allocation strategy without foreign investment opportunities leads domestic investors in Korea, Hong Kong, and Singapore to allocate more funds to domestic bonds than to domestic stocks. However, the U.S. investors allocate more wealth to domestic stocks than to domestic bonds. Investors in all countries short bills at a low level of risk aversion. Next, we investigate dynamic asset allocation strategy when domestic investors in Korea have access to foreign markets. The optimal portfolio demand leads investors in Korea to allocate most resources to domestic bonds and foreign stocks. On the other hand, the portfolio weights on foreign bonds and domestic stocks are relatively low. We also analyze dynamic asset allocation strategy for the investors in the U.S., Hong Kong, and Singapore when they have access to the Korean markets as overseas investment opportunities. Compared to the results when the investors only have access to domestic markets, the investors in the U.S. and Singapore increase the portfolio weights on domestic stocks in spite of the overseas investment opportunities in the Korean markets. The investors in the U.S., Hong Kong, and Singapore short domestic bills to invest more than initial funds in risky assets with a varying degree of relative risk aversion coefficients without exception.
Central Bank Digital Currency in Nigeria: Opportunities and Risks

Nigeria is the first African country to issue a central bank digital currency (CBDC) or fiat digital currency. The eNaira CBDC was issued as a money equivalent to be used alongside with paper Naira. This paper identifies the features, opportunities and risks of the central bank digital currency (CBDC) in Nigeria, also known as the eNaira. The opportunities which CBDC present to Nigeria include improved monetary policy transmission, convenience, efficient payments and increased financial inclusion. Some identified risks include digital illiteracy, increased propensity for cyber-attacks, data theft, and the changing role of banks in a full-fledged CBDC economy. This article contributes to the literature by evaluating the pros and cons of fiat digital currency such as a central bank digital currency.
The Geometry of Market Opinions: An Introduction to Doxotaxy

Opinions (δόξα, doxa) have always had a generally disfavored status in philosophy and science. However, in the financial markets, contradictory opinions generate an arrangement of opinions (doxotaxy) which can mathematically be defined by analytical functions and vector geometry. Information appears to be a variable of this existing structure, hence, whilst each traded price is the result of randomness, price moves are not. The objective of this study was to present the concepts of phyllelpia and doxotaxy which show how the relationship between price, value and information is subjected by a contextual and not so unstable structure of market opinions.
MicroRNA-18a-5p represses scar fibroblast proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition through regulating Smad2 expression

The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression and role of microRNA-18a-5p (miR-18a-5p) during the formation of hypertrophic scar (HS), and to further explore the molecular mechanisms involved. Downregulation of miR-18a-5p in HS tissues and human HS fibroblasts (hHSFs) was detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The binding sites between miR-18a-5p and the 3'-untranslated region of SMAD family member 2 (Smad2) were predicted by TargetScan and confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay. To investigate the role of miR-18a-5p in HS formation, the effects of miR-18a-5p downregulation or upregulation on hHSFs were subsequently determined. Cell proliferation was detected by an MTT assay, while cell apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry. In addition, the protein expression levels of Smad2, Collagen I (Col I) and Col III were examined by western blot assay. The findings indicated that miR-18a-5p downregulation in hHSFs significantly promoted the cell proliferation, decreased cell apoptosis and enhanced the expression levels of Smad2, Col I and Col III protein and mRNA, whereas miR-18a-5p upregulation in hHSFs exerted opposite effects. Notably, the effects of miR-18a-5p upregulation on hHSFs were eliminated by Smad2 upregulation. In conclusion, the data indicated that miR-18a-5p was downregulated during HS formation, and its upregulation repressed scar fibroblast proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition by targeting Smad2. Therefore, miR-18a-5p may serve as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of HS.
Dual regulation of R-type CaV2.3 current by Gq-coupled receptors

많은 전압 개폐 칼슘 채널은 Gq 단백질 연결 수용체 (Gq-protein coupled receptor, GqPCR) 중 하나인 무스카린성 아세틸콜린 수용체에 의해서 조절된다. 전압 개폐 칼슘 채널 중 CaV2.3 채널의 전류는 M1 무스카린성 수용체에 의해서 증가하며 이 때 전류의 증가는 단백질 인산화 효소 C에 의한 채널의 인산화 때문이라고 알려져 있다. 실제로 CaV2.3 채널을 발현하는 tsA201 세포에 phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) 라는 단백질 인산화 효소 C의 활성제를 처리할 경우 CaV2.3 채널의 전류가 두 배 가량 증가하는 것을 보았다. 흥미로운 점은 PMA 를 처리해서 CaV2.3 채널을 완전히 활성화 시킨 후 M1 수용체를 활성화 시키면 CaV2.3 채널의 전류가 줄어든다는 점이다. 우리는 전류를 억제시키는 요인을 찾기 위해서 M1 수용체에 의해 일어나는 신호전달계를 살펴보았다. M1 수용체가 활성화 되면 세포막에 있는 PI(4,5)P2 라는 인지질이 분해된다. CaV2.3 채널과 같은 그룹인 CaV2.2 채널이 PI(4,5)P2 양이 감소하면 전류가 줄어든다는 보고가 있기 때문에 PI(4,5)P2 가 CaV2.3 채널의 억제에도 영향을 미치는지 알아보기로 했다. 첫 번째로 높은 전압 (+120 mV)을 가해줬을 때 활성화되는 인산 가수분해 효소를 이용했다. 우리는 이 방법을 통해서 CaV2.3 채널의 전류가 38% 가량 줄어든다는 것을 알아냈다. 두 번째로 특정 화학물질을 첨가하였을 때 두 개의 분자가 이합체화 되는 현상을 이용하는 방법을 사용했다. 이 방법을 이용해서 인산 가수분해 효소를 세포막으로 가져올 수 있고 인지질을 분해 할 수 있다. 우리는 라파마이신이라는 화학물질을 이용해서 인산 가수분해 효소를 세포막으로 이동시킨 후 PI(4,5)P2의 양을 감소시켰다. 그 결과 CaV2.3 채널의 전류가 66% 정도 줄어드는 것을 발견했다. 위의 실험결과들은 CaV2.3 채널의 전류가 M1 수용체에 의해서 활성화 될 수도 있고 억제될 수도 있다는 것을 보여준다. 활성화되는 기작은 단백질 인산화 효소 C에의한 CaV2.3 채널의 인산화 때문이고 억제되는 기전은 세포막에 있는 PI(4,5)P2 의 감소에 의한 것이다. 이 연구를 통해서 세포막에 있는 PI(4,5)P2는 CaV2.3 채널의 활성을 유지하고 조절하는데 중요한 역할을 한다는 것을 밝혀냈다. ⓒ 2015 DGIST
Risk Factors Associated with Fall Awareness, Falls, and Quality of Life Among Ethnic Minority Older Adults in Upper Northern Thailand

Background Falls are a major public health issue and one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among the older adults in many countries. Falls and their consequences have an impact on people’s quality of life, particularly the older adults. However, there have been very few studies on falls among ethnic minority groups living in rural areas. The aim of this study was to examine factors related to fall awareness, falls, and quality of life among ethnic minority older adults living in northern Thailand. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 462 older adults from ethnic minority groups living in rural communities in Phayao and Lamphun provinces of northern Thailand using a multi-stage sampling technique. The data were collected through face-to-face interviews, with structured questionnaires covering health information, fall awareness, and quality of life (WHOQOL-OLD). The factors were determined using simple linear regression and binary logistic regression. Results The mean age of the participants was 68.2, Karen (35.5%), Mien (24.2%), indigenous (20.8%), and Hmong (19.5%). In the previous 12 months, 20.6% of elders had experienced a fall, and 4.5% of them had experienced multiple falls. More than half of the elders had moderate fall awareness and quality of life (71.6% and 68.6%, respectively). Univariate analysis revealed that minority group, sociodemographic characteristics, sleep duration, and fear of falling were all found to be associated with fall awareness, falls, and quality of life score (p<0.001). There was a significant relationship among fall awareness, falls, and quality of life score (p<0.001). Compared to those who had not fallen in the previous year, the quality of life of the older adults who had fallen was about 11 points lower. Conclusion Several independent variables were discovered to be fall risk factors and quality of life indicators. It is critical to recognize the risk factors to promote fall prevention programs that are appropriate for the older adults among ethnic minorities. Therefore, public health agencies and local government should be aware of the problem and initiate an implementation program and policy to prevent falls and improve the quality of life among ethnic minority older adults.
Desmosomes as Signaling Hubs in the Regulation of Cell Behavior

Desmosomes are intercellular junctions, which preserve tissue integrity during homeostatic and stress conditions. These functions rely on their unique structural properties, which enable them to respond to context-dependent signals and transmit them to change cell behavior. Desmosome composition and size vary depending on tissue specific expression and differentiation state. Their constituent proteins are highly regulated by posttranslational modifications that control their function in the desmosome itself and in addition regulate a multitude of desmosome-independent functions. This review will summarize our current knowledge how signaling pathways that control epithelial shape, polarity and function regulate desmosomes and how desmosomal proteins transduce these signals to modulate cell behavior.
Anticancer roles of let-7f-1-3p in non-small cell lung cancer via direct targeting of integrin β1

Lung cancer is one of the most common types of cancer, with the highest mortality rate worldwide. MicroRNAs play notable roles in the chemotherapeutic effects of anticancer drugs. The present study used reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, western blotting and cell migration and invasion assays to reveal the role of let-7f-1-3p in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and explore the effect of let-7f-1-3p on doxorubicin (DOX) treatment. It was demonstrated that the levels of let-7f-1-3p in carcinoma tissues were lower compared with those in paracarcinoma tissues. Thus, let-7f-1-3p may act as a suppressor gene. The present study also explored the role of let-7f-1-3p in A549 and NCI-H1975 cells. Results revealed that let-7f-1-3p could inhibit the viability, migration and invasion of NSCLC cells and induce their apoptosis. Integrin β1 acted as a target gene regulated by let-7f-1-3p. This suggested that let-7f-1-3p could enhance DOX-inhibited cell viability, migration and invasion in vitro. Overall, the present study demonstrated that let-7f-1-3p may act as a target for drug design and lung cancer therapy.