Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The species and distribution of the necrophagous flies in Guizhou Province

In consideration of area and altitude differences, 12 localities in Guizhou were selected for investigation, where specimens were collected from 10th to 20th in February, May, August and November in each year from 2000 to 2002 to investigate the flies related to cadaver. The necrophagous flies collected were classified into 25 species of 15 genera in 5 families, of which 12 species were newly recorded in Guizhou. Their vertical distribution and seasonal change were analysed.
Noncontact Cardiac Activity Detection Based on Single-Channel ISM Band FMCW Radar

The heart is an important organ that maintains human life activities, and its movement reflects its health status. Utilizing electromagnetic waves as a sensing tool, radar sensors enable noncontact measurement of cardiac motion, offering advantages over conventional contact-based methods in terms of comfort, hygiene, and efficiency. In this study, the high-precision displacement detection algorithm of radar is applied to measure cardiac motion. Experimental is conducted using a single out-channel frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar operating in the ISM frequency band with a center frequency of 24 GHz and a bandwidth of 150 MHz. Since the detection signal is influenced by both respiratory and heartbeat movements, it is necessary to eliminate the respiratory signal from the measurement signal. Firstly, the harmonic composition of the respiratory signal is analyzed, and a method is proposed to calculate the parameters of the respiratory waveform by comparing the respiratory waveform coverage area with the area of the circumscribed rectangle. This allows for determining the number of respiratory harmonics, assisting in determining whether respiratory harmonics overlap with the frequency range of the heartbeat signal. Subsequently, a more accurate cardiac motion waveform is extracted. A reference basis is provided for extracting cardiac health information from radar measurement waveforms by analyzing the corresponding relationship between certain extreme points of the waveform and characteristic positions of the electrocardiogram (ECG) signal. This is achieved by eliminating the fundamental frequency component of the heartbeat waveform to emphasize other spectral components present in the heartbeat signal and comparing the heartbeat waveform, the heartbeat waveform with the fundamental frequency removed, and the heartbeat velocity waveform with synchronized ECG signals.
Durability forecast of long rod composite insulators operating under variable mechanical loading conditions

: Suspension line insulators are during their operation subject to static forces and variable loads, usually of a cyclic character. These variable loads have a signiﬁcant impact on the mechanical durability of composite insulators. A method of providing durability forecast for composite line insulators based on fatigue characteristics has been proposed. The method allows providing durability forecast of insulators in a wide range of variable loadings, i
Low Genetic Diversity of the Only Clade of the Tick Rhipicephalus microplus in the Neotropics

This study addresses the variability of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) and 16S rDNA (16S), and nuclear internal transcriber spacer ITS2 (ITS2) genes in a set of field-collected samples of the cattle tick, Rhipicephalus microplus (Canestrini, 1888), and in geo-referenced sequences obtained from GenBank. Since the tick is currently considered to be a complex of cryptic taxa in several regions of the world, the main aims of the study are (i) to provide evidence of the clades of the tick present in the Neotropics, (ii) to explore if there is an effect of climate traits on the divergence rates of the target genes, and (iii) to check for a relationship between geographical and genetic distance among populations (the closest, the most similar, meaning for slow spread). We included published sequences of Rhipicephalus annulatus (Nearctic, Afrotropical, and Mediterranean) and R. microplus (Afrotropical, Indomalayan) to fully characterize the Neotropical populations (total: 74 16S, 44 COI, and 49 ITS2 sequences included in the analysis). Only the clade A of R. microplus spread in the Nearctic–Neotropics. Both the K and Lambda’s statistics, two measures of phylogenetic signal, support low divergence rates of the tested genes in populations of R. microplus in the Neotropics. These tests demonstrate that genetic diversity of the continental populations does not correlate either with the geographic distance among samples or with environmental variables. The low variability of these genes may be due to a combination of factors like (i) the recent introduction of the tick in the Neotropics, (ii) a large, effective, and fast exchange of populations, and (iii) a low effect of climate on the evolution rates of the target genes. These results have implications for the ecological studies and control of cattle tick infestations.
Circadian Rhythm and Endocrinological Control on the Swimming and Sand Burrowing Behaviors of Japanese Sand Lances Ammodytes spp. (Uranoscopiformes, Ammodytidae)

In diurnal and nocturnal organisms, daily activity is regulated by the perception of environmental stimuli and circadian rhythms, which enable organisms to maintain their essential behaviors. The Japanese sand lances genus Ammodytes are coastal marine fish that exhibit unique nocturnal sand burrowing behavior. To elucidate the extrinsic and intrinsic regulation of this behavior and its endocrinological basis, we conducted a series of rearing experiments under various light conditions and hormone administrations. Under a light-dark photoperiod, the fish showed three types of behavior: sand buried, head-exposed from sand, and swimming/feeding. During the transition from dark to light periods, the fish first showed head exposure, followed by swimming and foraging, and buried themselves in the sand immediately after shifting to the dark period. Under constant light conditions, fish exhibited swimming behavior during the period corresponding to the acclimated light period. In addition, swimming did not occur under constant dark conditions but head exposure was observed at the time of the dark-light transition during acclimation. These observations indicate that the essential behavior of sand lances is regulated by both light and circadian rhythms. Subsequently, a melatonin-containing diet promoted the onset of burrowing in 10 to 120 min in a dose-dependent manner at 0.3–128 µg/g-diet, suggesting the direct behavioral regulation by this hormone. These findings suggest that the behavior of sand lances is strictly regulated by an intrinsic mechanism and that melatonin is a regulatory endocrine factor that induces burrowing behavior.
Total ozone column measurements using an ultraviolet multi-filter radiometer

We have developed and used a method to retrieve total ozone column (TOC), from Ultraviolet Multi-filter Rotating Shadowband Radiometer (UVMFR) measurements in combination with radiative transfer model calculations. Look-up tables of ratios of the direct solar irradiance at (DI) 305 and 325nm in terms of TOC, solar zenith angle, and aerosol optical depth (AOD) have been constructed and compared with TOC retrievals estimated directly from UVMFR irradiance measurements. Sensitivity analysis of the influence of AOD on the calculated TOC has been investigated and found to be 1 Dobson unit per 0.1 change in AOD. We also examined the impact of ozone effective temperature on the TOC retrieval and found that it leads to a 0.9% change in TOC per K. UVMFR direct irradiance measurements in Athens, Greece, during the period July 2009–May 2014 were used to create a time series of high-temporal-frequency measurements (1 min for cloudless conditions) of TOC, which facilitated an analysis of the diurnal variation of TOC. Comparison of the TOC retrievals from the UVMFR with co-located and synchronous daily TOC retrievals from a Brewer MKIV spectrophotometer showed very good agreement (correlation coefficient 0.98). Daily TOC retrievals from the UVMFR were within ±3% compared with the ones measured by the Ozone Monitoring Instrument overpasses on board the Aura satellite.
A New Method for Extracting Oil from the Oil Shale

This research aims at finding a lower energy consumption,environment friendly and more scientific method to extract the oil from oil shale powder of small particles.Using small particles of oil shale from Distillation Plant of Fushun West Open Pit Mine as raw material which cannot be treated;and then acid or alkaline is employed to destroy the structure of shale powder;at last the compound organic solvent is used to extract the oil from oil shale.This method can save raw material,discharge less solid waste to the environment,decrease the waste of space,cut down the cost of the operation and also can extend the traditional cracking process for extracting oil from oil shale.The final yield of shale oil achieves about 4.8%.
Modulating Stress Proteins in Response to Therapeutic Interventions for Parkinson’s Disease

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative illness characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, resulting in motor symptoms and without debilitating motors. A hallmark of this condition is the accumulation of misfolded proteins, a phenomenon that drives disease progression. In this regard, heat shock proteins (HSPs) play a central role in the cellular response to stress, shielding cells from damage induced by protein aggregates and oxidative stress. As a result, researchers have become increasingly interested in modulating these proteins through pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapeutic interventions. This review aims to provide an overview of the preclinical experiments performed over the last decade in this research field. Specifically, it focuses on preclinical studies that center on the modulation of stress proteins for the treatment potential of PD. The findings display promise in targeting HSPs to ameliorate PD outcomes. Despite the complexity of HSPs and their co-chaperones, proteins such as HSP70, HSP27, HSP90, and glucose-regulated protein-78 (GRP78) may be efficacious in slowing or preventing disease progression. Nevertheless, clinical validation is essential to confirm the safety and effectiveness of these preclinical approaches.
Analysis of herbal medicine among Bedouin of the Saint Catherine Protectorate (southern Sinai Peninsula) and its comparison to modern drug design

ABSTRACT The Saint Catherine region of southern Sinai Peninsula’s drylands encompasses a unique combination of geophysical conditions. These features have formed highly diverse habitats, which support extremely complex plant communities. Throughout history, the local Bedouin population has used many of these plants for therapeutic purposes. The objectives of this study were to document the medicinal knowledge for as many as possible plant species, evaluate this ethnobotanic knowledge against a modern biomedical database, and identify links between the two disciplines. On-site gathering of information, through structured interviews with two local key informants, revealed the traditional use of 90 native vegetation species for a range of therapeutic purposes. Surveying the modern biomedical uses of these plant species in the PubMed database revealed medicinal use for 41 of them, as well as other plant species without known traditional therapeutic uses. Of the 41 plant species, in-depth integration of traditional and modern knowledge was implemented for 20 species, for which sufficient information was found in the PubMed. The results highlight the common ground between the two disciplines, and propose bridges between traditional and modern medicines. The study stresses the need for additional research in ethnobotany, which may assist in developing new plant-based medications.
Integrated analysis of single-cell RNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq unravels the heterogeneity of cancer-associated fibroblasts in TNBC

Background: The treatment of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the main focuses and key difficulties because of its heterogeneity, and the source of this heterogeneity is unclear. Methods: Single-cell RNA (scRNA) and transcriptomics data of TNBC and normal breast samples were retrieved from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and TCGA-BRCA database. These cells were clustered using the t-SNE and UMAP method, and the marker genes for each cluster were found. We annotated the clusters using the published literature, CellMarker database and “SingleR” R package. Results: A total of 1535 cells and 21785 genes from 6 TNBC patients and 2068 cells and 15868 genes from 3 normal breast tissues were used for downstream analyses. The scRNA data were divided into 14 clusters labeled into 8 cell types, including epithelial cells, immunocytes, CAFs/fibroblasts and etc. In the TNBC samples, CAFs were divided into three clusters and labelled as prCAFs, myCAFs and emCAFs, and the marker genes were DCN, FAP and RGS5, respectively. The prCAF subgroup is functionally characterized by promoting proliferation and multi drug resistance; myCAF subgroup is involved in constituting the extracellular matrix and collagen production, matrix composition and collagen production, and the emCAF functionally characterized by energy metabolism. Conclusions: TNBC has inter- and intra-tumor heterogeneity, and CAF is one of the sources of this heterogeneity. CD74, SASH3, CD2, TAGAP and CCR7 served as significant marker genes with prognostic and therapeutic value.
Thirty Years and Counting: Do We Still Need the ICIS Women's Breakfast?

This article discusses an important panel held at ICIS 2011 in Shanghai to mark over thirty years of an ICIS institution, the ICIS Women’s Breakfast. The panel addressed the controversial question—is there still a need for the ICIS Women’s Breakfast? Panelists were asked if the ICIS Women’s Breakfast could be seen as divisive, and if women’s issues are different from issues of diversity such as race or sexual orientation. They were also asked why they thought women were still underrepresented in our academic community, and if the lack of women at senior levels was a concern for the community. Finally, the panelists were asked what practices the community would need to adopt to combat what could be seen as structural discrimination in our community, which we believe reflects the wider world we live in. We frame the debate and the ensuing discussion in the literature about women in academia, and conclude with some practical and constructive recommendations for the community as a whole.
Radiometric calibration methods from image sequences

In many computer vision systems, an image of a scene is assumed to directly reflect the scene radiance. However, this is not the case for most cameras as the radiometric response function which is a mapping from the scene radiance to the image brightness is nonlinear. In addition, the exposure settings of the camera are adjusted (often in the auto-exposure mode) according to the dynamic range of the scene changing the appearance of the scene in the images. Vignetting effect which refers to the gradual fading-out of an image at points near its periphery also contributes in changing the scene appearance in images. In this dissertation, I present several algorithms to compute the radiometric properties of a camera which enable us to find the relationship between the image brightness and the scene radiance. First, I introduce an algorithm to compute the vignetting function, the response function, and the exposure values that fully explain the radiometric image formation process from a set of images of a scene taken with different and unknown exposure values. One of the key features of the proposed method is that the movement of the camera is not limited when taking the pictures whereas most existing methods limit the motion of the camera. Then I present a joint feature tracking and radiometric calibration scheme which performs an integrated radiometric calibration in contrast to previous radiometric calibration techniques which require the correspondences as an input which leads to a chicken-and-egg problem as precise tracking requires accurate radiometric calibration. By combining both into an integrated approach we solve this chicken-and-egg problem. Finally, I propose a radiometric calibration method suited for a set of images of an outdoor scene taken at a regular interval over a period of time. This type of data is a challenging problem because the illumination for each image is changing causing the exposure of the camera to change and the conventional radiometric calibration framework cannot be used for this type of data. The proposed methods are applied to radiometrically align images for seamless mosaics and 3D model textures, to create high dynamic range mosaics, and to build an adaptive stereo system.
Combined effect of genetic background and gender in a mouse model of bleomycin-induced skin fibrosis Arthritis Research & Therapy Sample

Combined effect of genetic background and gender in a mouse model of bleomycininduced skin fibrosis Arthritis Research & Therapy Sample doi:10.1186/s13075-015-0659-5 Nadira Ruzehaji (nadira.ruzehaji@inserm.fr) Jerome Avouac (jerome.avouac@cch.aphp.fr) Muriel Elhai (muriel-elhai@hotmail.fr) Maxime Frechet (maxime.frechet@gmail.com) Camelia Frantz (camelia.frantz@gmail.com) Barbara Ruiz (barbara.ruiz@inserm.fr) Joerg H. Distler (Joerg.Distler@uk-erlangen.de) Yannick Allanore (yannick.allanore@inserm.fr) Sample
Increased accuracy of estrus prediction using ruminoreticular biocapsule sensors in Hanwoo (Bos taurus coreanae) cows

Abstract Visual estrus observation can only be confirmed at a rate of 50%–60%, which is lower than that obtained using a biosensor. Thus, the use of biosensors provides more opportunities for artificial insemination because it is easier to confirm estrus than by visual observation. This study determines the accuracy of estrus prediction using a ruminoreticular biosensor by analyzing ruminoreticular temperature during the estrus cycle and measuring changes in body activity. One hundred and twenty-five Hanwoo cows (64 with a ruminal biosensor in the test group and 61 without biosensors in the control group) were studied. Ruminoreticular temperatures and body activities were measured every 10 min. The first service of artificial insemination used gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-based fixed-time artificial insemination protocol in the control and test groups. The test group received artificial insemination based on the estrus prediction made by the biosensor, and the control group received artificial insemination according to visual estrus observation. Before artificial insemination, the ruminoreticular temperature was maintained at an average of 38.95 ± 0.05°C for 13 h (−21 to −9 h), 0.73°C higher than the average temperature observed at −48 h (38.22 ± 0.06°C). The body activity, measured using an indwelling 3-axis accelerometer, averaged 1502.57 ± 27.35 for approximately 21 h from −4 to −24 h before artificial insemination, showing 203 indexes higher body activity than −48 hours (1299 ± 9.72). Therefore, using an information and communication techonology (ICT)-based biosensor is highly effective because it can reduce the reproductive cost of a farm by accurately detecting estrus and increasing the rate of estrus confirmation in cattle.
Susceptibility to caspofungin is regulated by temperature and is dependent on calcineurin in Candida albicans

ABSTRACT Candida albicans is a prevalent opportunistic human fungal pathogen. Echinocandins are first-line drugs for the treatment of invasive candidiasis. Molecular mechanisms of resistance to echinocandins have been extensively studied; however, the effect of physiological factors on antifungal efficacy of echinocandins is unexplored. Here, we found temperature-modulated susceptibility to caspofungin in medium-independent and strain background-independent manner in C. albicans. Deletions of protein kinase C (PKC) pathway and calcineurin-Crz1 signaling pathway genes conferred hypersensitivity to caspofungin, but only deletion or pharmacological inhibition of calcineurin subunits inverted the temperature effect on susceptibility to caspofungin. Furthermore, the enhanced growth at lower temperature was not due to altered expression of some established genes such as FKS, CHS, or CHT genes; PKC or calcineurin pathway genes; or HSP90. The expressions of other heat shock protein genes, including HSP12 and HSP70, were higher at lower temperature. We posit that the temperature-modulated susceptibility to caspofungin is a non-canonical mechanism that is dependent on heat shock proteins and calcineurin. IMPORTANCE Echinocandins are the newest antifungal drugs and are first-line treatment option for life-threatening systemic infections. Due to lack of consensus regarding what temperature should be used when evaluating susceptibility of yeasts to echinocandins, typically either 30°C, 35°C, or 37°C is used. However, the impact of temperature on antifungal efficacy of echinocandins is unexplored. In the current study, we demonstrated that Candida albicans laboratory strain SC5314 was more susceptible to caspofungin at 37°C than at 30°C. We also found that calcineurin was required for temperature-modulated caspofungin susceptibility. Surprisingly, the altered caspofungin susceptibility was not due to differential expression of some canonical genes such as FKS, CHS, or CHT genes. The molecular mechanism of temperature-modulated caspofungin susceptibility is undetermined and deserves further investigations. Echinocandins are the newest antifungal drugs and are first-line treatment option for life-threatening systemic infections. Due to lack of consensus regarding what temperature should be used when evaluating susceptibility of yeasts to echinocandins, typically either 30°C, 35°C, or 37°C is used. However, the impact of temperature on antifungal efficacy of echinocandins is unexplored. In the current study, we demonstrated that Candida albicans laboratory strain SC5314 was more susceptible to caspofungin at 37°C than at 30°C. We also found that calcineurin was required for temperature-modulated caspofungin susceptibility. Surprisingly, the altered caspofungin susceptibility was not due to differential expression of some canonical genes such as FKS, CHS, or CHT genes. The molecular mechanism of temperature-modulated caspofungin susceptibility is undetermined and deserves further investigations.
Inventory of trees in nonforest areas in the Great Plains states

The U.S. Forest Service's Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program collects information on trees in areas that meet its definition of forest. However, the inventory excludes trees in areas that do not meet this definition, such as those found in isolated patches, in areas with sparse or predominantly herbaceous vegetation, in narrow strips (e.g., shelterbelts), or in riparian areas. In the Plains States, little is known about the tree resource in these noninventoried, nonforest areas, and there is a great deal of concern about the potential impact that invasive pests, such as the emerald ash borer, might have. To address this knowledge gap, the National Inventory and Monitoring Applications Center (NIMAC) has partnered with state cooperators to design and implement an inventory of trees in nonforest areas. The goal of the inventory is to characterize the tree resource using methods compatible with those of FIA so a holistic understanding of the resource can be obtained by integrating the two surveys. The goal of this paper is to give an overview of the goals and objectives of the inventory and to describe the plot and sample designs. Key findings related to the planning and establishment of the inventory are also provided.