Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The influence of L‐proline and fulvic acid on oxidative stress and semen quality of buffalo bull semen following cryopreservation

Abstract Background This study investigates the effects of cryopreservation and supplementation of Azeri water buffalo's semen with proline (Lp) and fulvic acid (FA). Objectives Therefore, this study aimed to assess motility parameters, sperm viability, oxidative stress parameters, and DNA damage to detect the optimum concentrations of Lp and FA for buffalo semen cryopreservation. Methods Thirty semen samples of three buffalo bulls were diluted in Tris‐egg yolk extender and divided into 12 equal groups including control (C), Lp‐10, Lp‐20, Lp‐40, Lp‐60, Lp‐80 (containing 10, 20, 40, 60, 80 mM L‐proline, respectively), FA‐0.2, FA‐0.5, FA‐0.8, FA‐1.1, FA‐1.4 and FA‐1.7 (containing 0.2%, 0.5%, 0.8%, 1.1%, 1.4% and 1.7% fulvic acid, respectively). Results The velocity parameters, TM and PM were improved by FA‐1.7, FA‐1.4, Lp‐40 and Lp‐60 groups compared to the C group but no significant difference was found regarding the amplitude of lateral head displacement and straightness compared to the control groups. The percentage of sperm viability and PMF were increased by FA‐1.7, FA‐1.4, FA‐1.1, Lp‐40 and Lp‐60 groups compared to C group, while in terms of sperm DNA damage FA‐1.7, FA‐1.4, FA‐1.1, Lp‐10, Lp‐20, Lp‐40 and Lp‐60 groups showed better results compared to C group. The results also showed that FA‐1.7, FA‐1.4, FA‐1.1, Lp‐20, Lp‐40 and Lp‐60 groups could improve TAC, SOD, GSH and decrease MDA levels. Also, FA‐1.7, FA‐1.4, Lp‐20 and Lp‐40 groups could improve GPx levels but just FA‐1.7, and Lp‐40 groups could improve CAT levels compared to C group. Conclusions Thus, it can be concluded that L‐proline and fulvic acid supplementations can improve the quality parameters of post‐thawed buffalo bull semen.
Peers, play, and performance to build social salience in autistic youth: A multisite randomized clinical trial.

OBJECTIVE Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have significant impairment in social competence and reduced social salience. SENSE Theatre, a peer-mediated, theater-based intervention has demonstrated posttreatment gains in face memory and social communication. The multisite randomized clinical trial compared the Experimental (EXP; SENSE Theatre) to an Active Control Condition (ACC; Tackling Teenage Training, TTT) at pretest, posttest, and follow-up. It was hypothesized that the EXP group would demonstrate greater incidental face memory (IFM) and better social behavior (interaction with novel peers) and social functioning (social engagement in daily life) than the ACC group, and posttest IFM would mediate the treatment effect on follow-up social behavior and functioning. METHOD Two hundred ninety participants were randomized to EXP (N = 144) or ACC (N = 146). Per protocol sample (≥ 7/10 sessions) resulted in 207 autistic children 10-16 years. Event-related potentials measured IFM. Naive examiners measured social behavior (Vocal Expressiveness, Quality of Rapport, Social Anxiety) and functioning (Social Communication). Structural equation modeling was used to assess treatment effects. RESULTS SENSE Theatre participants showed significantly better IFM (b = .874, p = .039) at posttest, and significant indirect effects on follow-up Vocal Expressiveness a × b = . 064, with 90% CI [. 014, . 118] and Quality of Rapport a × b = . 032, with 90% CI [. 002, . 087] through posttest IFM. CONCLUSIONS SENSE Theatre increases social salience as reflected by IFM, which in turn affected Vocal Expressiveness and Quality of Rapport. Results indicate that a neural mechanism supporting social cognition and driven by social salience is engaged by the treatment and has a generalized, indirect effect on clinically meaningful functional outcomes related to core symptoms of autism. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
Effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical intervention on sperm quality: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

Infertility affects about 10% of the world’s population and has been recognized by the WHO as a global public health problem. The aim of this network meta-analysis was to investigate the efficacy of non-pharmaceutical interventions on sperm quality. All randomized clinical trials (RCTs) from the PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, China national knowledge infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang database, and Cochrane Library databases evaluating the effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical interventions on semen parameters using network meta-analyses. Results of the ω-3 fatty acid, lycopene, acupuncture, and vitamin suggested evident advantages in improving sperm concentration (MD, 9.93 (95% CI, 7.21 to 12.65)), (MD, 8.79 (95% CI, 2.67 to 14.91)), (MD, 5.40 (95% CI, 2.32 to 8.49)) and (MD, 3.82 (95% CI, 0.70 to 6.94) respectively). Acupuncture has a significant advantage over placebo in improving sperm total motility (MD, 17.81 (95% CI, 10.32 to 25.29)), and the effect of lycopene was obviously greater than that of placebo (MD, 19.91 (95% CI, 2.99 to 36.83)). Lycopene, Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), acupuncture, ω-3 fatty acid, and vitamin suggested significant advantages in improving sperm forward motility (MD, 8.64 (95% CI, 1.15 to 16.13), MD, 5.28 (95% CI, 2.70 to 7.86), MD, 3.95 (95% CI, 3.23 to 4.67), MD, 3.50 (95% CI, 2.21 to 4.79)) and (MD, 2.38 (95% CI, 0.96 to 3.80) respectively). This review establishes that non-pharmaceutical interventions, particularly acupuncture, exercise, lycopene, ω-3 fatty acids, CoQ10, zinc, vitamins, selenium, carnitine, or foods rich in these supplements, profitably improve sperm quality that may be used to treat male infertility.
Motivational Interviewing in Pediatric Obesity: A Meta-analysis of the Effects on Behavioral Outcomes

Abstract Background Currently, the effects of motivational interviewing (MI) on children’s behavioral changes remain obscure. Purpose This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effects of MI on children’s lifestyle behavioral changes (fruits and vegetables [F/V], dairy, sugary beverages, calories, snacks, fat intake, moderate vigorous physical activity [MVPA], and screen time). Methods Six databases (CINAHL, Cochrane, Embase, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Web of Sciences) from 2005 to 2022 were searched. Thirty-one intervention studies with a comparison group met the criteria. Random-effects models were performed to estimate the pooled effects; exploratory moderation analyses with mixed-effects models were used to explore potential intervention moderators. Results The pooled effect size was 0.10 (p = .334) on ↑F/V, 0.02 (p = .724) on ↑dairy, −0.29 (p < .001) on ↓calories, −0.16 (p = .054) on ↓sugary beverages, −0.22 (p = .002) on ↓snacks, −0.20 (p = .044) on ↓fat, 0.22 (p = .001) on ↑MVPA, and −0.06 (p = .176) on ↓screen time. The effects of MIs were moderated by ↑MI sessions regarding ↓snacks (B = −0.04, p = .010). Multicomponent and clinical programs had greater effects on dairy intake than their counterparts (0.09 vs. −0.21, p = .034; 0.12 vs. −0.14, p = .027, respectively). Similarly, interventions with a fidelity check resulted in greater dairy intake than those without a check (0.29 vs. −0.15, p = .014). A few long-term follow-up assessments revealed effects on ↓F/V (−0.18; p = .143, k = 2), ↓dairy (−0.13, p = .399, k = 4), ↓MVPA (−0.04; p = .611, k = 6), and ↑screen time (0.12; p = .242, k = 4). Conclusions Our findings support the short-term effects of MI on improving children’s lifestyle behaviors. Additional investigations are needed to better sustain children’s long-term behavioral changes.
Genome editing HLA alleles for a pilot immunocompatible hESC line in a Chinese hESC bank for cell therapies

Robust allogeneic immune reactions after transplantation impede the translational pace of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs)‐based therapies. Selective genetic editing of human leucocyte antigen (HLA) molecules has been proposed to generate hESCs with immunocompatibility, which, however, has not been specifically designed for the Chinese population yet. Herein, we explored the possibility of customizing immunocompatible hESCs based on Chinese HLA typing characteristics. We generated an immunocompatible hESC line by disrupting HLA‐B, HLA‐C, and CIITA genes while retaining HLA‐A*11:01 (HLA‐A*11:01‐retained, HLA‐A11R), which covers ~21% of the Chinese population. The immunocompatibility of HLA‐A11R hESCs was verified by in vitro co‐culture and confirmed in humanized mice with established human immunity. Moreover, we precisely knocked an inducible caspase‐9 suicide cassette into HLA‐A11R hESCs (iC9‐HLA‐A11R) to promote safety. Compared with wide‐type hESCs, HLA‐A11R hESC‐derived endothelial cells elicited much weaker immune responses to human HLA‐A11+ T cells, while maintaining HLA‐I molecule‐mediated inhibitory signals to natural killer (NK) cells. Additionally, iC9‐HLA‐A11R hESCs could be induced to undergo apoptosis efficiently by AP1903. Both cell lines displayed genomic integrity and low risks of off‐target effects. In conclusion, we customized a pilot immunocompatible hESC cell line based on Chinese HLA typing characteristics with safety insurance. This approach provides a basis for establishment of a universal HLA‐AR bank of hESCs covering broad populations worldwide and may speed up the clinical application of hESC‐based therapies.
New insights into the pathophysiology and therapeutic targets of asthma and comorbid chronic rhinosinusitis with or without nasal polyposis

Abstract Asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) or without (CRSsNP) are chronic respiratory diseases. These two disorders often co-exist based on common anatomical, immunological, histopathological, and pathophysiological basis. Usually, asthma with comorbid CRSwNP is driven by type 2 (T2) inflammation which predisposes to more severe, often intractable, disease. In the past two decades, innovative technologies and detection techniques in combination with newly introduced targeted therapies helped shape our understanding of the immunological pathways underlying inflammatory airway diseases and to further identify several distinct clinical and inflammatory subsets to enhance the development of more effective personalized treatments. Presently, a number of targeted biologics has shown clinical efficacy in patients with refractory T2 airway inflammation, including anti-IgE (omalizumab), anti-IL-5 (mepolizumab, reslizumab)/anti-IL5R (benralizumab), anti-IL-4R-α (anti-IL-4/IL-13, dupilumab), and anti-TSLP (tezepelumab). In non-type-2 endotypes, no targeted biologics have consistently shown clinical efficacy so far. Presently, multiple therapeutical targets are being explored including cytokines, membrane molecules and intracellular signalling pathways to further expand current treatment options for severe asthma with and without comorbid CRSwNP. In this review, we discuss existing biologics, those under development and share some views on new horizons.
A Methodology for Measuring Cirrus Cloud Visible-to-Infrared Spectral Optical Depth Ratios

Abstract Knowledge of cirrus cloud optical depths is necessary to understand the earth’s current climate and to model the cloud radiation impact on future climate. Cirrus clouds, depending on the ratio of their shortwave “visible” to longwave “infrared” optical depth, can act to either cool or warm the planet. In this study, visible-to-infrared cirrus cloud optical depth ratios were measured using ground-based lidar and Fourier transform spectrometry. A radiosonde temperature profile combined with the 0.532-μm-high spectral resolution lidar vertical cloud optical depth profile provided an effective weighting to the cloud radiance measured by the interferometer. This allowed evaluation of cirrus cloud optical depths in 18 infrared microwindows between water vapor absorption lines within the 800–1200-cm−1 infrared atmospheric window. The data analysis was performed near the peak solar and terrestrial emission regions, which represent the effective radiative cloud forcing efficiency of the given cloud sample.
SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein Is a Potential Therapeutic Target for Anticoronavirus Drug Discovery

The lack of potent antiviral drugs for SARS-CoV-2 is a serious global health concern, especially with the explosive spread of the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide and the constant emergence of new mutant strains with improved human-to-human transmission. Although an effective coronavirus vaccine appears promising, the lengthy vaccine development processes in general and the emergence of new mutant viral strains with a potential to evade the vaccine always remain a serious concern. ABSTRACT SARS-CoV-2, the etiologic agent of the COVID-19 pandemic, is a highly contagious positive-sense RNA virus. Its explosive community spread and the emergence of new mutant strains have created palpable anxiety even in vaccinated people. The lack of effective anticoronavirus therapeutics continues to be a major global health concern, especially due to the high evolution rate of SARS-CoV-2. The nucleocapsid protein (N protein) of SARS-CoV-2 is highly conserved and involved in diverse processes of the virus replication cycle. Despite its critical role in coronavirus replication, N protein remains an unexplored target for anticoronavirus drug discovery. Here, we demonstrate that a novel compound, K31, binds to the N protein of SARS-CoV-2 and noncompetitively inhibits its binding to the 5′ terminus of the viral genomic RNA. K31 is well tolerated by SARS-CoV-2-permissive Caco2 cells. Our results show that K31 inhibited SARS-CoV-2 replication in Caco2 cells with a selective index of ~58. These observations suggest that SARS-CoV-2 N protein is a druggable target for anticoronavirus drug discovery. K31 holds promise for further development as an anticoronavirus therapeutic. IMPORTANCE The lack of potent antiviral drugs for SARS-CoV-2 is a serious global health concern, especially with the explosive spread of the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide and the constant emergence of new mutant strains with improved human-to-human transmission. Although an effective coronavirus vaccine appears promising, the lengthy vaccine development processes in general and the emergence of new mutant viral strains with a potential to evade the vaccine always remain a serious concern. The antiviral drugs targeted to the highly conserved targets of viral or host origin remain the most viable and timely approach, easily accessible to the general population, in combating any new viral illness. The majority of anticoronavirus drug development efforts have focused on spike protein, envelope protein, 3CLpro, and Mpro. Our results show that virus-encoded N protein is a novel therapeutic target for anticoronavirus drug discovery. Due to its high conservation, the anti-N protein inhibitors will likely have broad-spectrum anticoronavirus activity.
Management of trophoblastic tumors : review of evidence, current practice, and future directions

ABSTRACT Introduction Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) is a group of rare tumors characterized by abnormal trophoblastic proliferation following pregnancy including invasive moles, choriocarcinomas, and intermediate trophoblastic tumors (ITT). Although the treatment and follow-up of GTN has been heterogeneous, globally the emergence of expert networks has helped to harmonize its management. Areas covered We provide an overview of the current knowledge, diagnosis, and management strategies in GTN and discuss innovative therapeutic options under investigation. While chemotherapy has been the historical backbone of GTN treatment, promising drugs such as immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway and anti-angiogenic tyrosine kinase inhibitors are currently being investigated remodeling the therapeutical landscape of trophoblastic tumors. Expert opinion Chemotherapy regimens for GTN have potential long-term effects on fertility and quality of life, making innovative and less toxic therapeutic approaches necessary. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown promise in reversing immune tolerance in GTN and have been evaluated in several trials. However, immunotherapy is associated with rare but life-threatening adverse events and evidence of immune-related infertility in mice, highlighting the need for further research and careful consideration of its use. Innovative biomarkers could help personalize GTN treatments and reduce chemotherapy burden in some patients.
A Potential Forecast for Ischemic Stroke Burden in 2030

The first stage for planning effective public health interventions for cerebrovascular diseases is having updated epidemiological surveillance systems to understand the problem clearly.1 The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study has become a critical resource for quantifying health loss from hundreds of communicable and noncommunicable diseases and their risk factors from 204 countries and territories since 1990, among them stroke.2
A Synthetic Cumate-Inducible Promoter for Graded and Homogenous Gene Expression in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Reverse genetics is a powerful approach to study bacterial physiology and behavior by relying on well-developed genetic tools, such as inducible promoters. For the human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, well-characterized inducible promoters are scarce. ABSTRACT Inducible gene expression systems are powerful genetic tools to study bacterial physiology, probing essential and toxic gene functions, gene dosage effects, and overexpression phenotypes. For the opportunistic human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, dedicated inducible gene expression systems are scarce. In the current study, we developed a minimal synthetic 4-isopropylbenzoic acid (cumate)-inducible promoter, called PQJ, that is tunable over several orders of magnitude. This was achieved by combining semirandomized housekeeping promoter libraries and control elements from the Pseudomonas putida strain F1 cym/cmt system with powerful fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) to select functionally optimized variants. Using flow cytometry and live-cell fluorescence microscopy, we demonstrate that PQJ responds rapidly and homogenously to the inducer cumate in a graded manner at the single-cell level. PQJ and cumate are orthogonal to the frequently used isopropyl β-d-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG)-regulated lacIq-Ptac expression system. The modular design of the cumate-inducible expression cassette together with the FACS-based enrichment strategy presented here facilitates portability, thus serving as a blueprint for the development of tailored gene expression systems for a wide range of bacteria. IMPORTANCE Reverse genetics is a powerful approach to study bacterial physiology and behavior by relying on well-developed genetic tools, such as inducible promoters. For the human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, well-characterized inducible promoters are scarce. In the current work, we used a synthetic biology-based approach to develop a cumate-inducible promoter for P. aeruginosa, termed PQJ, that shows excellent induction properties at the single-cell level. This genetic tool provides the means for qualitative and quantitative gene function studies describing P. aeruginosa’s physiology and virulence in vitro and in vivo. Because this synthetic approach to constructing species-specific inducible promoters is portable, it can serve as a blueprint for similar tailored gene expression systems in bacteria largely lacking such tools, including, for example, representatives of the human microbiota.
A counter‐example concerning regularity properties for systems of conservation laws

We exhibit an explicit counter‐example which rules the possibility of extending to systems of conservation laws a regularity property of scalar conservation laws known as Schaeffer's Theorem. Loosely speaking, Schaeffer's Regularity Theorem asserts that, for a generic smooth initial datum, the solution of the Cauchy problem can develop at most finitely many discontinuities on compact sets. (© 2015 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Wall Blockage Correction for Shrouded Wind Turbines and Propellers

Three methods are provided for calculating wind-tunnel (or finite computational fluid dynamics domain) induced wall blockage corrections for shrouded wind turbines and subsonic propellers. To this end, it is first shown that all open-rotor and shrouded wind turbines and propellers can be represented analytically as members of a single general family. Thereafter, power harvesting and thrusting predictions for both wind turbines and propellers, respectively, are reduced to solutions of pairs of polynomial equations, for which exact numerical solutions are provided. Additionally, easily applied, semiempirical, and closed-form perturbation solutions are provided. For wind turbines, it is shown that even small blockage levels can induce appreciable correction factors, whereas for propellers, blockage corrections were found to be negligibly small for all practical blockage levels.
Advanced Superresolutionand Denoising of Medical Images

 Abstract—The objective is to estimate a high-resolution image from a single noisy low-resolution image, with the help of a given database of high and low-resolution image patch pairs. Denoising and super-resolution is integrated on the same framework and is performed on each image patch. For each given input low-resolution patch, its highresolution version is estimated based on finding a nonnegative sparse linear representation of the input patch over the lowresolution patches from the database, where the coefficients of the representation strongly depend on the similarity between the input patch and the sample patches in the database. TV enhancement algorithm for deblurring is performed on the image obtained after performing superresolution and denoising.
The Great Contrast Shortage of 2022—Lessons learnt in Australia

Computed tomography (CT) imaging is one of the most commonly used diagnostic tools. Iodine‐based contrast media (IBCM) are frequently administered intravenously to improve soft tissue contrast in a wide range of CT scans. Supply chain disruptions triggered by the SARS‐CoV‐19 pandemic led to a global shortage of IBCM in mid‐2022. The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of this shortage on the delivery of healthcare in Western Australia.
The Effect of Data Encoding on Relation Triplet Identification

This paper presents a novel method for creating relation extraction data for low-resource languages. Relation extraction (RE) is a task in natural language processing that involves identifying and extracting meaningful relationships between entities in text. Despite the increasing need to extract relationships from unstructured text, the limited availability of annotated data in low-resource languages presents a significant challenge to the development of high-quality relation extraction models. Our method leverages existing methods for high-resource languages to create training data for low-resource languages. The proposed method is simple, efficient and has the potential to significantly improve the performance of relation extraction models for low-resource languages, making it a promising avenue for future research.
Comparison of Current Approaches to Lemmatization: A Case Study in Estonian

This study evaluates three different lemmatization approaches to Estonian—Generative character-level models, Pattern-based word-level classification models, and rule-based morphological analysis. According to our experiments, a significantly smaller Generative model consistently outperforms the Pattern-based classification model based on EstBERT. Additionally, we observe a relatively small overlap in errors made by all three models, indicating that an ensemble of different approach could lead to improvements.