Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adhesive-free bond quasi-noncritical phase-matched and quasi-phase-matched optical parametric oscillations

With adhesive-free bond (AFB) technology, two walk-off compensated (WOC) KTP composites that consist of 16 layers of 2-mm thick single KTP crystals in each have been designed and prepared for 1.064-μm pumped 2-μm OPO's by means of quasi-noncritical phase-matching (QNCPM) and quasi-phase-matching (QPM). Output pulse energies of 49 μJ and 35 μJ have been achieved for QNCPM and OPM OPO's at pump energy of 523 μJ with pulse duration of 15 ns and repetition rate of 1 KHz, respectively. The OPO pump thresholds were measured as low as 254 μJ (44.6 MW/cm2) for the both types of OPO's. The wavelength shifts were measured to be around 11 nm for both the signal and idler beams when KTP temperature was raised from room temperature to 220°C.
Optical and infrared observations of the young SMC blob N26 and its environment

Context. High-excitation compact Hii regions of the Magellanic Clouds are sites of recent massive star formation in low metallicity environments. Aims. Detailed study of these regions and their environments using high-spatial resolution observations is necessary to better understand massive star formation, which is still an unsolved problem. We aim at a detailed study of the Small Magellanic Cloud compact Hii region N26, which is only 4 00 in diameter. Methods. This study is based on high spatial resolution imaging ( 0: 00 1‐0: 00 3) in JHKs and L 0 bands, using the VLT equipped with the NAOS adaptive optics system. A larger region ( 50 pc 76 pc) was also imaged at medium spatial resolution, using the ESO 2.2 m telescope in optical wavelengths. We also used the JHKs archival data from the IRSF survey and the Spitzer Space Telescope SAGESMC survey. Results. Our high-resolution JHKs data of the compact high-excitation Hii region N26 reveal a new, bright component (C) between the two already known optical components A and B. Components A and C are resolved into several stars. Component A is the main ionization source of N26 and coincides with the radio continuum source B0046-7333. A new compact Hii region with very faint [Oiii] 5007 emission has been discovered. In the mid-infrared, our field resembles a shell formed by filaments and dust clumps, coinciding with the molecular cloud SMCB2. Region N22, located in the center of the shell, is the most excited Hii region of the complex and seems to have created a cavity in SMCB2. We derive nebular parameters from spectra, and using color‐magnitude and color‐color diagrams, we identify stellar sources that show significant near-infrared excess emission in order to identify the best YSO candidates.
Power Transformations and Unit Mean and Constant Variance Assumptions of the Multiplicative Error Model: The Generalized Gamma Distribution

Aims: To study the implications of power transformations namely; inverse-square-root, inverse, inverse-square and square transformations on the error component of the multiplicative error and determine whether the unit-mean and constant variance assumptions of the model are either retained or violated after the transformation. Methodology: We studied the distributions of the error component under the various distributional forms of the generalized gamma distribution namely; Gamma (a, b, 1), Chi-square, Exponential, Weibull, Rayleigh and Maxwell distributions. We first established the functions describing the distributional characteristics of interest for the generalized power transformed error component and secondly applied the unit-mean conditions of the untransformed distributions to the established functions. Results: We established the following important results in modeling using a multiplicative error model, where data transformation is absolutely necessary;(i) For the inverse-square-root transformation, the unit-mean and constant variance assumptions are approximately maintained for all the distributions under study except the Chi-square distribution where it was violated. (ii) For the inverse transformation, the unit-mean assumptions are violated after the transformation except for the Rayleigh and Maxwell distributions. (iii) For the inverse-square transformation, the unit-mean assumption is violated for all the distributions under study. (iv) For the square transformation, it is only the Maxwell distribution that maintained the unit-mean assumption. (v) British Journal of Mathematics & Computer Science 4(2), 288-306, 2014 289 For all the studied transformations the variances of the transformed distributions were found to be constant but greater than those of the untransformed distribution. Conclusion: The results of this study though restricted to the distributional forms of the generalized gamma distribution, however they provide a useful framework in modeling for determining where a particular power transformation is successful for a model whose error component has a particular distribution.
The instability nature of the Vogel–Escudier flow

Abstract The instability of the steady axisymmetric flow in a sealed elongated cylinder, driven by a rotating end disk, is studied with the help of numerical simulations. It is argued that this instability is of the shear-layer type, being caused by the presence of an inflection point in the radial distribution of axial velocity of the base circulatory flow. The disturbance kinetic energy is localized in both the radial and axial directions, reaching its peak near the rotating disk, where the magnitude of base-flow axial velocity is close to its maximum. The critical Reynolds number, $\mathit{Re}_{cr}$ , is found to be nearly $h$ -independent for $h>5$ ; $h$ is the cylinder length-to-radius ratio. It is shown that the sidewall co-rotation suppresses the instability. As the co-rotation increases, the centrifugal instability becomes the most dangerous, i.e. determines $\mathit{Re}_{cr}$ . Physical explanations are given for the stabilizing effect of the co-rotation, which is stronger (weaker) for the shear-layer (centrifugal) instability.
Asymptotic properties of locally weighted regression ruey-ching hwang

In the case of the random design nonparametric regression, locally weighted regression (LWR) in Cleveland is considered. Under some regularity conditions, we show that the regression function estimator derived from LWR has the same asymptotic variance quantity as the k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) smoother. But, it has better asymptotic bias quality than the k-NN smoother. By these results, this regression function estimator has two advantages. One is that it is better than the k-NN smoother in a minimax sense. The other is that it does not suffer from boundary effects when boundary points of the support of the design density are known in advance. The motivation that the regression function estimator derived from LWR has nice asymptotic bias quality and boundary properties comes from Fan and Gijbels and Fan Furthermore, estimators of derivatives of the regression function derived from LWR are considered.
Structural and optical properties of ZnO films on Si substrates using a γ-Al2O3 buffer layer

High quality ZnO films have been successfully grown on a Si (100) substrate by metal organic chemical vapour deposition with a γ-Al2O3 buffer. The crystal structure, surface morphology and optical properties of the ZnO films were characterized by x-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The properties of the films with the Al2O3 buffer were improved in comparison with those of as-grown ZnO films. It is shown that the ZnO films with the γ-Al2O3 buffer grown on Si (100) substrates have a highly-preferential c-axis (0002) orientation, a narrow (0002) peak, smooth surface morphology and better PL spectral properties. This demonstrates that the use of γ-Al2O3/Si as a ZnO substrate is beneficial for reducing the residual stress for further growth of ZnO films, compared with the growth on bulk Si substrates.
Method of overlapping patches for electromagnetic computation

A far-reaching generalization of the finite-element method (FEM), the method of partition of unity on overlapping patches, is applied, as an illustrative example, to a waveguide problem. No structured FEM-like meshes are required; the patches can have arbitrary shapes, can overlap arbitrarily and each patch may have its own system of approximating functions reflecting the local behavior of the solution.
Weighted tunable clustering in local-world networks with increment behavior

Since some realistic networks are influenced not only by increment behavior but also by the tunable clustering mechanism with new nodes to be added to networks, it is interesting to characterize the model for those actual networks. In this paper, a weighted local-world model, which incorporates increment behavior and the tunable clustering mechanism, is proposed and its properties are investigated, such as degree distribution and clustering coefficient. Numerical simulations are fitted to the model and also display good right-skewed scale-free properties. Furthermore, the correlation of vertices in our model is studied which shows the assortative property. The epidemic spreading process by weighted transmission rate on the model shows that the tunable clustering behavior has a great impact on the epidemic dynamic.
Improved sound separation using three loudspeakers

In a virtual sound imaging system, crosstalk cancellation filters are used to create an effective sweet spot for 3D sound reproduction via multiple loudspeakers. A new 3-channel system is proposed to improve system performance on sound separation. Based on the robustness analysis of a crosstalk canceller, a modified-inverse filter technique is explored and demonstrated using two different examples of symmetric speaker positions. The simulation results indicate that the present system is robust over a wider bandwidth compared to a conventional 2-channel system.
Efecto antibacteriano del tocosh de papa (Solanum tuberosum Var. Hualash) sobre Salmonella entérica subespecie entérica serovar Typhimurium ATCC 13311

Introducción: el tocosh de papa es un derivado de la papa andina utilizado para el consumo humano, debido a sus propiedades nutritivas. Sin embargo, gracias al proceso de elaboración se desarrolla una flora microbiana natural con actividad antibacteriana. Objetivo: evaluar el efecto antibacteriano del tocosh de papa (Solanum tuberosum Var. Hualash), sobre Salmonella entérica subespecie entérica serovar Typhimurium. Materiales y Métodos: para la investigación la cepa bacteriana se aisló de un medio natural y la solución estándar se preparó 0,78 g/ml de extracto de tocosh. Se extrajo 14 alícuotas con diferentes volúmenes que van desde 2,50 μl a 49,50 μl. La evaluación antibacteriana fue realizada con la técnica de Kirby Bauer, inoculando alícuotas en discos de sensibilidad y colocándolas en placas Petri con agar Muller Hinton, sembradas con Salmonella entérica. Resultados: según la escala de Duraffourd (nivel de sensibilidad), con 11,97 mg de tocosh no se registró efecto antibacteriano. Entre 13,96 mg y 23,94 mg de tocosh, sí hubo efecto antibacteriano a un nivel de sensibilidad límite, con 29,92 mg de tocosh el efecto es muy sensible, y con 39,49 mg se registró un nivel sumamente sensible. Conclusiones: el tococh de papa desarrolló biocomponentes naturales que tuvieron efecto antibacteriano sobre Salmonella entérica serovar Typhimurium ATCC 13311 a partir de 13,96 mg. Esta propiedad del tocoh podría utilizarse como biopreservante en alimentos.
On null cone preserving mappings

Alexandrov (1), Zeeman (3) and others after them have investigated at length the problem of characterizing as Lorentz transformations those mappings f of Minkowski space M which ‘preserve cones’, i.e. if C(a) denotes the null-cone in M with vertex a ∈ M, then for all a ∈ M.
Receptivity and transition control of swept-wing boundary layers; Effects of surface curvature and nonlinearity

The paper addresses the prediction of disturbance amplitudes and profiles due to localized surface roughness and wall-suction in incompressibl e swept-wing boundary layers subject to cross flow (CF) instability. An accurate and efficient numerical approach for solving the receptivity problem of disturbance generation is presented. The solution method developed models correctly the far-field effects of surface roughness and suction through holes on the disturbances generated. This is shown by studying Swept Hiemenz and Falkner-Skan-Cooke (FSC) boundary layer flows as well as a swept-wing experiment. The numerical results for these flows are compared with local receptivity (residue) theory, with data from Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) and from measurements, respectively. It turns out that local theory strongly overpredicts both receptivity and effects of surface curvature. Due to the account for effects of surface curvature and weak nonlinearity as well as the potential of coupling the results with NOLOT/PSE-methods, the approach presented is a useful numerical tool for designing active and passive transition control systems for swept wings.
Feed-Forward Deep Neural Network (FFDNN)-Based Deep Features for Static Malware Detection

The portable executable header (PEH) information is commonly used as a feature for malware detection systems to train and validate machine learning (ML) or deep learning (DL) classifiers. We propose to extract the deep features from the PEH information through hidden layers of a feed-forward deep neural network (FFDNN). The extraction of deep features of hidden layers represents the dataset with a better generalization for malware detection. While feeding the deep feature of one hidden layer to the succeeding layer, the Gaussian error linear unit (GeLU) activation function is applied. The FFDNN is trained with the GeLU activation function using the deep features of individual layers as well as concatenated deep features of all hidden layers. Similarly, the ML classifiers are also trained and validated in with individual layer deep features and concatenated features. Three highly effective ML classifiers, random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), and k-nearest neighbour (k-NN) have been investigated. The performance of the proposed model is demonstrated using a statically significant large dataset. The obtained results are interesting and encouraging in terms of classification accuracy. The classification accuracy reaches 99.15% with the internal discriminative deep feature for the proposed FFDNN-ML classifier with the GeLU activation function.
Extended Arrhenius law of time-to-breakdown of ultrathin gate oxides

A stress-induced double-donor conductivity model is proposed to investigate the temperature dependence of time-to-breakdown in ultrathin gate oxides. The permittivity-to-breakdown is defined as the product of conductivity and time-to-breakdown. The breakdown of oxides occurs when the permittivity-to-breakdown reaches a critical value. This model shows that the overall temperature dependence of time-to-breakdown can be described in terms of the extended Arrhenius law. In this case, there exist three temperature regions with different activation energies, where Arrhenius behavior still holds in each region.
Nanowire plasmonic waveguides, circuits and devices

As typical one‐dimensional nanostructures for waveguiding tightly confined optical fields beyond the diffraction limit, metal nanowires have been used as versatile nanoscale building blocks for functional plasmonic and photonic structures and devices. Metal nanowires, especially those fabricated by bottom‐up synthesis such as Ag and Au nanowires, usually exhibit excellent diameter uniformity and surface smoothness with diameters down to tens of nanometers, which offers great opportunities for plasmonic waveguiding of optical fields with deep‐subwavelength confinement, coherence maintenance and low scattering losses. Based on nanowire plasmonic waveguides, a variety of applications ranging from plasmonic couplers, interferometers, resonators to photon emitters have been reported in recent years. In this article, significant progresses in these nanowire plasmonic waveguides, circuits and devices are reviewed. Future outlook and challenges are also discussed.
No-reference image quality assessment based on natural scene statistics and gradient magnitude similarity

Abstract. The goal of no-reference/blind image quality assessment (NR-IQA) is to devise a perceptual model that can accurately predict the quality of a distorted image as human opinions, in which feature extraction is an important issue. However, the features used in the state-of-the-art “general purpose” NR-IQA algorithms are usually natural scene statistics (NSS) based or are perceptually relevant; therefore, the performance of these models is limited. To further improve the performance of NR-IQA, we propose a general purpose NR-IQA algorithm which combines NSS-based features with perceptually relevant features. The new method extracts features in both the spatial and gradient domains. In the spatial domain, we extract the point-wise statistics for single pixel values which are characterized by a generalized Gaussian distribution model to form the underlying features. In the gradient domain, statistical features based on neighboring gradient magnitude similarity are extracted. Then a mapping is learned to predict quality scores using a support vector regression. The experimental results on the benchmark image databases demonstrate that the proposed algorithm correlates highly with human judgments of quality and leads to significant performance improvements over state-of-the-art methods.
Optimal design procedure for a practical induction heating cooker

This paper presents a practical optimal design procedure for small induction heating devices. An experimental modeling of the physical properties and a practical simulation technique for the nonsinusoidal input waveform is adopted. The design sensitivity analysis with Levenberg-Marquardt method is used for the optimal design process. The proposed method is applied to an induction heating pan cooker model, and the result is verified by experiment.
SN 1987A: After the Peak

A partir des travaux deja realises au sujet de la supernova SN 1987A, des donnees recentes concernant les proprietes de l'etoile genitrice, les caracteristiques bolometriques, les proprietes photospheriques, la decouverte de materiau circumstellaire, et la detection de rayonnement RX dur, on construit un modele coherent pour SN 1987A. Le modele obtenu decrit l'explosion d'une etoile de masse 19±3M ○. ayant un cœur d'helium de 6M ○.
Data-Driven Optimal Control for Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Process

Municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) is a dynamic industrial process involving complex physical and chemical reactions. Due to the uncertain municipal solid waste composition and dynamic operation conditions, it is difficult to guarantee optimal operation for the MSWI process. To solve this problem, a data-driven optimal control scheme is proposed with a hierarchical control structure. In the set points optimization stage, an online adaptive fuzzy neural network is designed to construct the objective functions, including combustion efficiency and NOx emission concentration. An adaptive mutation particle swarm optimization algorithm is developed to obtain the optimal set points of oxygen content in flue gas. In the control stage, a double long short-term memory neural networks-based model predictive control (DLSTM-MPC) strategy is exploited. A self-organizing long short-term memory network is employed to predict the oxygen content in flue gas with a compact structure. To reduce the influences from dynamic disturbances and further improve the tracking control performance, another long short-term memory neural network is established to correct the prediction results. Finally, the set points optimization method and DLSTM-MPC strategy are combined to realize the optimal operation of the MSWI process. The effectiveness of the proposed optimal control scheme is verified by real industrial data. The experimental results demonstrate that the optimal control scheme can achieve promising tracking control performance of oxygen content in flue gas and improve the operational performance of the MSWI process.
ICAMs are dispensable for influenza clearance and anti-viral humoral and cellular immunity

αLβ2 (LFA-1) mediated interactions with ICAM-1 and ICAM-2 predominate leukocyte-vascular interactions, but their functions in extravascular cell-cell communications is still debated. The roles of these two ligands in leukocyte trafficking, lymphocyte differentiation, and immunity to influenza infections were dissected in the present study. Surprisingly, double ICAM-1 and ICAM-2 knock out mice (herein ICAM-1/2-/- mice) infected with a lab adapted H1N1 influenza A virus fully recovered from infection, elicited potent humoral immunity, and generated normal long lasting anti-viral CD8+ T cell memory. Furthermore, lung capillary ICAMs were dispensable for both NK and neutrophil entry to virus infected lungs. Mediastinal lymph nodes (MedLNs) of ICAM-1/2-/- mice poorly recruited naïve T cells and B lymphocytes but elicited normal humoral immunity critical for viral clearance and effective CD8+ differentiation into IFN-γ producing T cells. Furthermore, whereas reduced numbers of virus specific effector CD8+ T cells accumulated inside infected ICAM-1/2-/- lungs, normal virus-specific TRM CD8+ cells were generated inside these lungs and fully protected ICAM-1/2-/- mice from secondary heterosubtypic infections. B lymphocyte entry to the MedLNs and differentiation into extrafollicular plasmablasts, producing high affinity anti-influenza IgG2a antibodies, were also ICAM-1 and ICAM-2 independent. A potent antiviral humoral response was associated with accumulation of hyper-stimulated cDC2s in ICAM null MedLNs and higher numbers of virus-specific T follicular helper (Tfh) cells generated following lung infection. Mice selectively depleted of cDC ICAM-1 expression supported, however, normal CTL and Tfh differentiation following influenza infection, ruling out essential co-stimulatory functions of DC ICAM-1 in CD8+ and CD4+ T cell differentiation. Collectively our findings suggest that lung ICAMs are dispensable for innate leukocyte trafficking to influenza infected lungs, for the generation of peri-epithelial TRM CD8+ cells, and long term anti-viral cellular immunity. In lung draining LNs, although ICAMs promote lymphocyte homing, these key integrin ligands are not required for influenza-specific humoral immunity or generation of IFN-γ effector CD8+ T cells. In conclusion, our findings suggest unexpected compensatory mechanisms that orchestrate protective anti-influenza immunity in the absence of vascular and extravascular ICAMs.