Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Rational design and development of HDAC inhibitors for breast cancer treatment.

BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer amongst females across the globe and with over 2 million new cases reported in 2018, it poses huge economic burden to the already dwindling public health. A dearth of therapies in the pipeline to treat triple-negative breast cancers, and acquisition of resistance against existing line of treatments urges the need to strategize novel therapeutics in order to add new drugs to the pipeline. HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) is one such class of small molecule inhibitors that target histone deacetylases to bring about chromosomal remodelling and normalize dysregulated gene expression that marks breast cancer progression. OBJECTIVE While four HDACi have been approved by the FDA for treatment of different cancer types, no HDACi is specifically earmarked for clinical management of breast cancer. Owing to the differential HDAC expression pertaining to different types of breast cancers, isoform-selective HDAC inhibitors need to be discovered. CONCLUSION This review attempts to set the stage for rational structure-based discovery of isoform-selective HDACi by providing structural insights into different HDACs and their catalytic folds based on their classes and individual landscape. Development of inhibitors in accordance with the differential expression of HDAC isoforms exhibited in breast cancer cells is a promising strategy to rationally design selective and effective inhibitors, adopting a 'personalized-medicine' approach.
A Directional Vibrotactile Feedback Interface for Ergonomic Postural Adjustment

The objective of this paper is to develop and evaluate a directional vibrotactile feedback interface as a guidance tool for postural adjustments during work. In contrast to the existing active and wearable systems such as exoskeletons, we aim to create a lightweight and intuitive interface, capable of guiding its wearers towards more ergonomic and healthy working conditions. To achieve this, a vibrotactile device called ErgoTac is employed to develop three different feedback modalities that are able to provide a directional guidance at the body segments towards a desired pose. In addition, an evaluation is made to find the most suitable, comfortable, and intuitive feedback modality for the user. Therefore, these modalities are first compared experimentally on fifteen subjects wearing eight ErgoTac devices to achieve targeted arm and torso configurations. The most effective directional feedback modality is then evaluated on five subjects in a set of experiments in which an ergonomic optimisation module provides the optimised body posture while performing heavy lifting or forceful exertion tasks. The results yield strong evidence on the usefulness and the intuitiveness of one of the developed modalities in providing guidance towards ergonomic working conditions, by minimising the effect of an external load on body joints. We believe that the integration of such low-cost devices in workplaces can help address the well-known and complex problem of work-related musculoskeletal disorders.
Candidate oncogene circularNOP10 mediates gastric cancer progression by regulating miR-204/SIRT1 pathway.

Background The role of circular RNA (circRNA) in gastric cancer (GC) is attracting increasing attention. CircNOP10 (hsa_circ-0034351) has been reported to be upregulated in human GC tissue. However, the biological role and mechanism of circNOP10 in GC remain unknown. Methods Circular RNA expression profile of GC was detected based on microarray, and circNOP10 was identified for the subsequent investigation. Clinical samples of GC tissue and patient blood were obtained from the Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University. The different degraded GC cell lines were presented in our laboratory. The function and mechanism of circNOP10 in GC were investigated using Western blot, qRT-PCR, flow cytometry, in situ hybridization and pull down experiment. Results The results indicated that increased circNOP10 in GC tissue was involved in tumor stage and prognosis. In addition, circNOP10 sponged microRNA-24 (miR-204)-mediated biological processes through sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), which further confirmed that the circNOP10/miR-204/SIRT1 pathway promoted proliferation and migration as well as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through the NF-κβ pathway in GC cell lines. Conclusions Candidate oncogene circNOP10 mediated GC cell proliferation, arrest cell cycle in G2/M phase, induced cell apoptosis, enhanced tumor metastasis, as well as EMT by activating the miR-204/SIRT1 pathway, suggesting that it may serve as a potential biomarker in GC therapy.
Editorial for “Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Diffusion‐Weighted Imaging for Predicting and Monitoring the Response of Anti‐Angiogenic Treatment in the Orthotopic Nude Mouse Model of Lung Adenocarcinoma”

Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths, with nearly 1.8 million deaths in 2020. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a highly heterogeneous disease, often driven by well-characterized driver mutations. There has been an explosive development of novel target-selected agents for the treatment of advanced NSCLC; several types of drugs have been utilized for lung cancer treatment, and clinical trials continue. Additionally, the management of this disease also requires a non-invasive monitoring method. However, the identification of imaging biomarkers for lung cancer, especially using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), remains a work in progress. In this issue of JMRI, Dr. Wan Q et al describe the analysis of early response to anti-angiogenic treatment with bevacizumab in Sprague–Dawley rats with orthotopic implantation tumors in the lungs. The analysis was performed using intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging (IVIM-DWI) with turbo-spin echo sequence in a 3-T unit. The authors overcame the challenges associated with image distortion due to magnetic heterogeneity and motion artifacts. This is an animal study, but they used orthotopic implantation tumors in the lungs. The IVIM-DWI can demonstrate tumors in the rat lung, and IVIM parameters can be analyzed. Therefore, this result is promising for application to clinical situations. It is well known that DWI is useful for the diagnosis, staging, and monitoring of lung cancer. In previous studies, the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were used. However, Dr. Wan Q et al assessed tumor volumes and IVIM parameters (ADC, diffusivity [D], perfusion fraction [f], and pseudo-diffusion coefficient [D*]). The authors showed that ADC and D were significantly increased at 2 hours after treatment, while the difference in tumor volume between the two groups was seen on day 14. They found that both 4ADC2h (r = 0.631, P < 0.001) and 4D2h (r = 0.700, P = 0.002) showed moderate correlations with tumor volume changes on day 14. The ADC was significantly different at only two time points because of the combined effect of decreased cell density and vascular perfusion. However, D showed significant differences at almost all time points because it was not affected by blood supply. The authors concluded that D was superior to ADC in evaluating the effects of the anti-vascular therapy for lung cancer. Hence, IVIM analysis could enable precise evaluation of lung cancer treatment. This IVIM analysis should be evaluated in clinical situations. Clinicians will find it encouraging that IVIM parameters can predict the efficacy of anti-vascular therapy in early-stage lung cancer. MRI can depict a wide range of contrast mechanisms without ionizing radiation, and MRI is a suitable modality for repeated examinations. This study by Dr. Wan Q et al provides an important basic result of lung MRI.
Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Ceftobiprole in Pediatric Patients

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Background: Ceftobiprole, the active moiety of the prodrug ceftobiprole medocaril, is an advanced-generation, broad-spectrum, intravenous cephalosporin, which is currently approved for the treatment of adults with hospital-acquired or community-acquired pneumonia. Methods: Noncompartmental pharmacokinetics and safety were analyzed from 2 recently completed pediatric studies, a single-dose, phase 1 study in neonates and infants up to 3 months of age (7.5 mg/kg) and a phase 3 study in patients 3 months to 17 years of age with pneumonia (10–20 mg/kg with a maximum of 500 mg per dose every 8 hours for up to 14 days). Results: Total ceftobiprole plasma concentrations peaked at the end of infusion. Half life (median ranging from 1.9 to 2.9 hours) and overall exposure (median AUC ranging from 66.6 to 173 μg•h/mL) were similar to those in adults (mean ± SD, 3.3 ± 0.3 hours and 102 ± 11.9 μg•h/mL, respectively). Calculated free-ceftobiprole concentrations in the single-dose study remained above a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 4 mg/L (fT > MIC of 4 mg/L) for a mean of 5.29 hours after dosing. In the pneumonia study, mean fT > MIC of 4 mg/L was ≥5.28 hours in all dose groups. Ceftobiprole was well tolerated in both studies. Conclusions: Pharmacokinetic parameters of ceftobiprole characterized in the pediatric population were within the range of those observed in adults. In the pneumonia study, the lowest percentage of the dosing interval with fT > MIC of 4 mg/L was 50.8%, which suggests that pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic target attainment can be sufficient in pediatric patients. Ceftobiprole was well tolerated.
USE OF MATHEMATICAL MODELING FOR COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF SORPTION CAPACITY OF NATURAL AND SYNTHETIC ZEOLITES

The comparison of sorption capacity of clinoptilolite and synthetic zeolites (zeolite NaX and zeolite NaA) in relation to the cesium in dynamic conditions was conducted. Dynamic conditions include multiple circulation of cesium containing solution through the sorbent layer. The mathematical modeling of sorption isotherms using the Langmuir equation, the Chebyshev criterion, and the least-squares method was conducted. Correlation of actual and model results indicates that the considered models adequately reflect sorption processes occurring in zeolites. The results of the study make it possible to use the considered models for predicting the behavior of zeolites in relation to cesium.
CORALLORHIZA MACULATA (ORCHIDACEAE) NEW TO ALASKA AND ITS DISTRIBUTIONAL RELATIONSHIP TO CORALLORHIZA MERTENSIANA

Abstract In the Pacific Northwest, the spotted coralroot, Corallorhiza maculata (Raf.) Raf. , has been recognized as occurring as far north as central British Columbia, but excluded from the flora of Alaska. The western coralroot, C. mertensiana Bong. , reaches its northern range limit in Southeast Alaska, where collections of this sister species may be confused with C. maculata. In 2019-20, we conducted herbarium and field studies that verified eight C. maculata stations in northern Southeast Alaska. Two of these stations are represented by collections made in 2000 and 2007, which were identified as C. mertensiana; 14 C. mertensiana collections had been identified as C. maculata. This confusion may have resulted from nomenclatural changes, as well as rarity of actual C. maculata material. These species differ in morphological features that reflect different breeding systems, and occupy different habitats in Alaska. The Alaska stations of C. maculata represent a 650 km range extension that is disjunct from locations in central British Columbia. These stations occur in a summer-dry climate zone caused by a rainshadow from coastal mountains. We advance the hypothesis that this area provides habitat for populations of C. maculata that represent relics of a floristic migration that occurred during the Xerothermic interval 10-7500 yr BP. In contrast, C. mertensiana is widespread in humid coastal habitats in southeast Alaska, and its distribution is contiguous with more southern coastal populations. Though both species occur in Southeast Alaska, they occupy different climate zones, and their distributions are narrowly allopatric.
STARR: Sensory-based, trauma assessment, and intervention to restore resilience

ABSTRACT This article features Sensory-based, Trauma Assessment and Intervention to Restore Resilience (STARR), a multi-modal, interdisciplinary approach that utilizes a sensory-based, mind-body and attachment-focused framework to healing trauma and restoring resilience in children and families. A family case example highlights and explores the integration of sensory-based and mind-body interventions throughout treatment, which compiles a holistic assessment inclusive of strengths, resources and opportunities for healing from trauma rather than a sole focus upon deficits. STARR offers an ally to children and parents and provides safety, attachment, connection, empowerment, and knowledge sharing through experiential, resilience-building experiences. Best practice recommendations for practitioners who work with at-risk and traumatized children and families in various settings including virtual platforms, are presented.
3D cloud tomography and droplet size retrieval from multi-angle polarimetric imaging of scattered sunlight from above

Tomography aims to recover a three-dimensional (3D) density map of a medium or an object. In medical imaging, it is extensively used for diagnostics via X-ray computed tomography (CT). We define and derive a tomography of cloud droplet distributions via passive remote sensing. We use multi-view polarimetric images to fit a 3D polarized radiative transfer (RT) forward model. Our motivation is 3D volumetric probing of vertically-developed convectively-driven clouds that are ill-served by current methods in operational passive remote sensing. Current techniques are indeed based on strictly 1D RT modeling and applied to a single cloudy pixel, where cloud geometry defaults to that of a plane-parallel slab. Incident unpolarized sunlight, once scattered by cloud droplets, changes its polarization state according to droplet size. Therefore, polarimetric measurements in the rainbow and glory angular regions can be used to infer the droplet size distribution. This work defines and derives a framework for a full 3D tomography of cloud droplets for both their mass concentration in space and their distribution across a range of sizes. This gridded 3D retrieval of key microphysical properties is made tractable by our novel approach that involves a restructuring and partial linearization of an open-source polarized 3D RT code to accommodate a special two-step iterative optimization technique. Physically-realistic synthetic clouds are used to demonstrate the methodology with rigorous uncertainty quantification, while a real-world cloud imaged by AirMSPI is processed to illustrate the new remote sensing capability.
Electrically conductive nanocomposite films deposition and electrical discharge machining of ceramic surfaces to generate functional microtextures

This paper discusses a new complex approach and an example of its practical application to solve the problem of improving the precision ceramics products and parts operational performance (ensuring high operational stability). The proposed approach consists of forming micro-texture in a ceramic product surface layer through vacuum-plasma deposition of conductive nanocomposite coatings based on a multicomponent thermally stable nitrides Ti-Al-Cr system as an auxiliary electrode in electrical discharge machining such as forming a specific microtexture in the surface layer, e.g., a combination of cavities, grooves, etc. This approach considerably improves the ceramic product surface layer characteristics, reduces contact surfaces' "ceramic product – counter face" adhesion and friction intensity, and ensures increased wear resistance and ceramic product operability.
Speckle reduction system by using spatial and temporal scrambler in integrating sphere

The OGSE GESTA (Geometrical and Spectral Test Assembly) operates in vacuum chamber to perform the optical characterization of the IRS instrument. GESTA integrates both sources, gas cell and laser sources, in order to perform a spectral characterization and calibration. The MTF measurements are performed by measuring the signal coming from a hot pattern plate, illuminated by a stable and homogeneous optical beam. To measure the background signal, the pattern plate is removed and a cryogenic blackbody is used instead of. This paper describes this illumination sub-system used in GESTA, developed by Bertin Technologies, and using the infrared laser sources. The principle of the used solution is to apply a dynamic variation to the interference status responsible for the speckle at the output of the integrating sphere, in order to eliminate the impact of the spatial coherence of the output beam and to get a uniform radiance through temporal averaging over the integration time of the optical detector. For that, the laser beams hit a rotating diffusing disc located inside the sphere. For GESTA, the requirement is challenging as speckle contrasts need to be as low as 0.1% for a 400μs integration time. The solution developed shows good enhancements, in terms of radiance level, stability, uniformity, and is easily translatable to other spectral ranges. Final achieved performances and the related influencing parameters are reported.
In vitro influence of 520 nm diode laser irradiation on red blood cell spontaneous aggregation studied by optical tweezers and light microscopy

The laser has biomodulation effects on blood properties thus could regulate the microcirculation. The laser-RBC interaction mechanism is unclear, whereas most studies provide statistical results and lack detailed observations of laser irradiation effects on blood rheology. This study is designated to probe the in vitro effects of 520 nm diode laser irradiation on red blood cells (RBCs) mutual interaction properties in spontaneous aggregation process in autologous plasma by optical tweezers (OTs), with an attempt to reveal the laser-RBC interaction outcomes at a single-cell level. The results preliminarily show that though the laser irradiation statistically inhibited the increase of the size of RBC aggregates compared with the non-irradiating group, the aggregation force between single RBCs increased slightly with the time of irradiation.
Large stroke fast steering mirror for free-space optical communication

In order to cover new needs of large stroke beyond +/-2° for Free-space optical communication (FSO), inter-satellite links in constellations, as well as for Deep Space Optical Communications (DSOC), CEDRAT TECHNOLOGIES (CTEC) has developed a compact, low-power, high-stroke and high-bandwidth, Fast Steering Mirrors called M-FSM. The proposed M-FSM design is based on proprietary MICA™ flexure bearing magnetic actuators technology, taking heritage from other MICA™ Space application domains, such as long-life space cryogenic refrigerators. The M-FSM includes a dedicated 30mm silicon carbide (SIC) mirror developed by CTEC, based on PAM30 Flight Model knowhow heritage, currently under manufacturing for NASA PYSCHE Deep Space Optical Communication (DSOC) spacecraft.
Flexible and optically transparent radio frequency antennas enabled by metallic meshes

The rapid advancement of wireless technology has accelerated the market’s demand for flexible and optically transparent antennas. Traditional transparent conductors have drawbacks such as fragility after repeated bending, so they are not appropriate candidates for flexible transparent antenna development. Here, we report a flexible and optically transparent antenna that uses a metallic mesh transparent conductive film embedded in poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) substrate. The micro-nano structure of transparent conductive metallic film is made by lithography machine, which has the advantages of patterning. The antenna operates at 3-8 GHz band and shows satisfactory gain and a good radiation pattern. It performs well under bending conditions. The proposed antenna’s optical transparency, mechanical flexible properties, and seamless integration process indicate its promising potential in a variety of transparent antenna applications for future wireless networks.
Oil price shock in the US and the euro area – evidence from the shadow rate and the term premium

Abstract The aim of this article is to investigate the consequences of oil price changes for the economy of the US and the euro area. Oil price transmission channel is assessed using Granger causalities and structural vector autoregressive (VAR) specifications (applying the Cholesky factorization and the restrictions following the method of Blanchard and Quah). The conventional oil price transmission channel is extended by a shadow policy rate and term premium, as the importance of both indicators has been growing rapidly in recent years. The results confirm that the oil price shock is not negligible in the aftermath of the Global Financial Crisis and in the subsequent period of monetary policy normalization. The findings are confirmed by the outcomes of the Bayesian VAR specification with sign restrictions. The consequences of changes in oil prices have significantly grown since the introduction of unconventional monetary instruments. The magnitude of the response of industrial production, price level and shadow interest rate to the oil price shock is strongest in the period corresponding to the unconventional monetary policy. In many cases, however, the reaction is short-lived. The conventional instrument (policy rate) in the euro area has still not been sufficient to stabilize the economy in the recent period of monetary policy normalization in the US.
Topic Modeling Using Latent Dirichlet allocation

We are not able to deal with a mammoth text corpus without summarizing them into a relatively small subset. A computational tool is extremely needed to understand such a gigantic pool of text. Probabilistic Topic Modeling discovers and explains the enormous collection of documents by reducing them in a topical subspace. In this work, we study the background and advancement of topic modeling techniques. We first introduce the preliminaries of the topic modeling techniques and review its extensions and variations, such as topic modeling over various domains, hierarchical topic modeling, word embedded topic models, and topic models in multilingual perspectives. Besides, the research work for topic modeling in a distributed environment, topic visualization approaches also have been explored. We also covered the implementation and evaluation techniques for topic models in brief. Comparison matrices have been shown over the experimental results of the various categories of topic modeling. Diverse technical challenges and future directions have been discussed.
Learning-based congestion control simulator for mobile internet education

Mobile Internet enables a huge amount of access requests, leading to severe network congestion. To alleviate congestion in the transmission layer, lots of Congestion Control (CC) algorithms have been proposed recently in the research domain, which are specifically designed for various network environments. However, one of the teaching difficulties in mobile Internet education is to allow students to accurately choose the appropriate CC algorithm under the known or measurable network environment. In this paper, we propose a learning-based CC simulator for mobile Internet education, which provides intuitive suggestions to students on the CC algorithm selections via its learning ability in practical network environments. Our simulator consists of three key modules: the network data module, learning module, and CC module. It has built-in several default CC algorithms and supports students' customized algorithms. The performance of the proposed simulator is evaluated on the implemented simulator prototype with both real and simulated network links. Evaluation results show that the simulator can dynamically select proper CC algorithms in the light of network environments to achieve higher throughput, which benefits students in understanding the working mechanisms of CC algorithms intuitively.