Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predictors of Outcome in Pediatric Patient Age 1month to 5 Years in Severe Pneumonia Cases (N.S.C.B.M.C.H Tertiary Care Centre)

Background: Pneumonia is estimated to kill 410,000 children in India every year. In India, recent estimates in under-fives suggest that 13% of deaths and 24% of National Burden of Disease is due to pneumonia. 1 . Very few studies have evaluated the predictors of mortality in children with pneumonia in developing countries. 2,3,4 Hence, this study was planned to study predictors of mortality in children aged 1-59 months hospitalized with severe pneumonia. Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the factors (clinical and investigational) contributing to the mortality in Patients diagnosed with severe pneumonia. Material and Methods: The present observational longitudinal study was carried out in a tertiary care PICU in a govt. NSCB medical college Jabalpur over a period of 1 years (Ian 2019-December 2019). Children diagnosed as severe pneumonia 2 of either sex between age group 1-59 months admitted in a hospital were enrolled in the study. Demographic data, clinical details and laboratory parameters of the enrolled cases were recorded in a predesigned pretested proforma. They were followed till discharge or death. Results: Mortality was observed in 11 cases and of them 4 (36.4%) were males and 7 (63.6%) patients were females. However test of significance (chi square test) showed no significant association between outcome and gender (p=0.89). This study showed that among clinical parameters pulse rate, SpO2, were significantly raised (63.6%) and saturation was significantly <90 (72.7%) in children who succumbed to death (p<0.05). This study observed statistically highly significant association of outcome with PaO2, haematocrit, serum sodium, glucose and abnormal Xray findings (p<0.01).
MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUES FOR INTRUSION DETECTION IN NETWORKS:A SYSTEMETIC STUDY

: Intrusion detection system is one of the implemented solutions against harmful attacks. Moreover, attackers try to always change their tools and techniques. Although, implementing an accepted IDS system is additionally a difficult task. In this paper, several methods are identified and reviewed to assess various machine learning algorithms. Additionally, several conditions for wireless communication for deciding whether to apply ML as well suitable technique of ML. Also traditional summarized approaches along with their performance comparison with ML based techniques are surveyed.
Fast conformal classification using influence functions

We use inﬂuence functions from robust statistics to speed up full conformal prediction. Traditionally, conformal prediction requires retraining multiple leave-one-out classiﬁers to calculate p-values for each test point. By using inﬂuence functions, we are able to approximate this procedure and to speed up considerably the time complexity
NMF Clustering and Pipeline Improvement in Cross Cultural Analysis

The booming of videos and related industries makes it easier for people to express their perspectives thoroughly, utilizing both visual images and language expressions. As a consequence, we use news videos to analyze the cultural differences among countries. We develop a pipeline to extract useful information from videos. Natural language processing tools are used in processing text documents, while the ones for computer visions are used in analyzing frames. To build a relationship between texts and images, which are in different modalities, an embedding model called Deep Canonical Correlation Analysis (DCCA) is utilized to map texts as well as images to a joint latent embedding space and give us a correlation matrix as the result. In the end, matrix decomposition techniques like Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) helps in decomposing the correlation matrix into two sub-matrices for text and visual and providing us with insights on signiﬁcant features or characteristics of a speciﬁc culture. Continuing on the works by previous research assistants, we test and improve the pipeline until the step of DCCA. Besides, we manually check all input news videos about AlphaGo and use the idea of topic modeling in developing a tool to ﬁlter out unrelated videos. What’s more, NMF is utilized in image clustering on Chinese and English videos, where two types of NMF and two different stopping criteria are used. NMF based image clustering performs better on English videos compared to Chinese videos.
Crystallographic textures

In material science, crystallographic texture is an important microstructural parameter which directly determines the anisotropy degree of most physical properties of a polycrystalline material at the macro scale. Its characterization is thus of fundamental and applied importance, and should ideally be performed prior to any physical property measurement or modeling. Neutron diffraction is a tool of choice for characterizing crystallographic textures: its main advantages over other existing techniques, and especially over the X-ray diffraction techniques, are due to the low neutron absorption by most elements. The obtained information is representative of a large number of grains, leading to a better accuracy of the statistical description of texture.
Stabilization of a Mobile Inverted Pendulum with IDA-PBC and Experimental Verification

Mobile inverted pendulums are needed to be stabilized at all times using a safe control method. Previous approaches were based on a linearized model or feedback linearization. In this study, interconnection and damping assignment passivity-based control (IDA-PBC) is applied. The IDA-PBC is a nonlinear control method which has been shown to be powerful to stabilize underactuated mechanical systems. Although partial differential equations (PDEs) must be solved to derive the IDA-PBC controller and it is a difficult task in general, we show that the controller for the mobile inverted pendulum can be constructed. A systematic graphical method to select controller parameters that guarantee asymptotic stability and a procedure to estimate the domain of attraction are also proposed. Using this method, the pendulum is stabilized by restricting it to a predefined angle range. Simulation results show that the IDA-PBC controller performs fast responses theoretically ensuring sufficient domain of attraction. The effectiveness of the IDA-PBC controller is also verified in experiments. Especially control performance under an impulsive disturbance on the mobile inverted pendulum is verified. The IDA-PBC achieves as fast transient performance as a linear-quadratic regulator (LQR). In addition, we show that when the pendulum inclines quickly and largely due to the disturbance, the IDA-PBC controller can stabilize it whereas the LQR cannot.
Detecting subclinical keratoconus by biomechanical analysis in tomographically regular keratoconus fellow eyes

Purpose To analyze the tomographically non-affected second eyes of keratoconus patients using the Corvis ST to detect any biomechanical abnormalities or subclinical keratoconus. Methods In this retrospective, single-center, consecutive case series 244 eyes of 122 keratoconus patients were analyzed between November 2020 and February 2021. Fourteen fellow eyes fulfilled the inclusion criteria and showed no clinical or tomographic signs of keratoconus. Main outcome measures included best-corrected visual acuity, tomographic and biomechanical analyses using Scheimpflug imaging: Pentacam and Corvis ST (Oculus, Wetzlar, Germany). Tomographic analyses included anterior and posterior simulated keratometry, K-Max, central corneal thickness, thinnest corneal thickness, Belin/Ambrosio Ectasia Display, and the ABCD grading system. For biomechanical analyses, the corneal biomechanical index (CBI) and tomographic biomechanical index were used. Results The mean best-corrected visual acuity was 0.01 ± 0.10 logMAR. Mean K-Max was 43.79 ± 1.12 D, mean central corneal thickness 529 ± 25 µm, mean thinnest corneal thickness 524 ± 23 µm, and mean Belin/Ambrosio Ectasia Display 1.0 ± 0.32. The mean CBI was 0.30 ± 0.21. Regular CBI values were found in six of 14 patients. The mean tomographic biomechanical index was 0.47 ± 0.22 with regular values observed in only two of 14 patients. No signs of tomographic or biomechanical abnormalities were shown in only one of 14 keratoconus fellow eyes, with regular ABCD, Belin/Ambrosio Ectasia Display, CBI and tomographic biomechanical index values. Conclusions Tomographically normal fellow eyes of keratoconus patients are rare. In these cases, a biomechanical analysis of the cornea may help detect a subclinical keratoconus. The tomographic biomechanical index was the most sensitive index to verify a mild ectasia.
Applied Study of Pattern Recognition and Near Infrared Spectroscopy

According to the status of lacking fast detection technology to adulteration olive oil, the paper presented a new method based on near infrared spectroscopy technology and pattern recognition. 10 samples of pure olive oil were collected. 2 kinds of adulteration samples were respectively made up with soybean oil and rapeseed oil. The Identification models were build respectively by support vector machines and hierarchial clustering. The result showed that the model’s performance built by SVM was better than the model by hierarchial clustering. The recognition ratio and prediction ratio of SVM were 100%. The experiments shown that the fast detection technology based on NIR and pattern recognition had better feasibility and practicability in identifying adulteration olive oil.
Effects of muscle damage on 31phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy indices of energetic status and sarcolemma integrity in young mdx mice

31Phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P‐MRS) has been shown to detect altered energetic status (e.g. the ratio of inorganic phosphate to phosphocreatine: Pi/PCr), intracellular acid–base status, and free intracellular magnesium ([Mg2+]) in dystrophic muscle compared with unaffected muscle; however, the causes of these differences are not well understood. The purposes of this study were to examine 31P‐MRS indices of energetic status and sarcolemma integrity in young mdx mice compared with wild‐type and to evaluate the effects of downhill running to induce muscle damage on 31P‐MRS indices in dystrophic muscle. In vivo 31P‐MRS spectra were acquired from the posterior hindlimb muscles in young (4–10 weeks of age) mdx (C57BL/10ScSn‐DMDmdx) and wild‐type (C57BL/10ScSnJ) mice using an 11.1‐T MR system. The flux of phosphate from PCr to ATP was estimated by 31P‐MRS saturation transfer experiments. Relative concentrations of high‐energy phosphates were measured, and intracellular pH and [Mg2+] were calculated. 1H2O‐T2 was measured using single‐voxel 1H‐MRS from the gastrocnemius and soleus using a 4.7‐T MR system. Downhill treadmill running was performed in a subset of mice. Young mdx mice were characterized by elevated 1H2O‐T2 (p < 0.01), Pi/PCr (p = 0.02), PCr to ATP flux (p = 0.04) and histological inflammatory markers (p < 0.05) and reduced (p < 0.01) [Mg2+] compared with wild‐type. Furthermore, 24 h after downhill running, an increase (p = 0.02) in Pi/PCr was observed in mdx and wild‐type mice compared with baseline, and a decrease (p < 0.001) in [Mg2+] and a lower (p = 0.048) intracellular [H+] in damaged muscle regions of mdx mice were observed, consistent with impaired sarcolemma integrity. Overall, our findings demonstrate that 31P‐MRS markers of energetic status and sarcolemma integrity are altered in young mdx compared with wild‐type mice, and these indices are exacerbated following downhill running.
Child marriage and exposure to secondhand smoke among women of childbearing age: evidence from a nationally representative study in India

ABSTRACT Women in low-and-middle income countries (LMICs) are disproportionately exposed to secondhand smoke (SHS), particularly in the home environment. Girls married before the age of 18 are more likely to remain at home and may be at higher risk of SHS exposure. This paper investigates whether women who were married as child brides had a higher risk of SHS exposure than their peers who were married as adults in India, where both burden of smoking and child marriage are critical public health concerns. Data were obtained from the 2015–2016 wave of the nationally representative India National Family Health Survey and included 306,788 married women ages 18 to 35 years. We estimated bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions to obtain odds ratios in favor of SHS exposure. The prevalence of SHS exposure for those who were married as adults was 50.3% while that was 55.2% for those who were married before age 18. After controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, the adjusted odds of SHS exposure for those who were married as child were 1.06 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.09) times that of those who were married as adults. Findings of this study inform policies for coordinated efforts to eliminate child marriage and strengthen tobacco control.
Achievements in bacterial flagellar research with focus on Vibrio species

In 1980s, the most genes involved in the bacterial flagellar function and formation had been isolated, although many of their functions or roles were not clarified. Bacterial flagella are the primary locomotive organ and are not necessary for growing in vitro but are probably essential for living in natural condition and are involved in the pathogenicity. In vitro, the flagella‐deficient strains can grow at rates similar to wild‐type strains. More than 50 genes are responsible for flagellar function, and the flagellum is constructed by more than 20 structural proteins. The maintenance cost of flagellum is high as several genes are required for its development. The fact that it evolved as a motor organ even with such high cost shows that the motility is indispensable to survive under the harsh environment of Earth. In this review, we focus on flagella‐related research conducted by the authors for about 40 years and flagellar research focused on Vibrio spp.
Photoplethysmography (PPG): state-of-the-art methods and applications

JohnAllen , DingchangZheng , PanicosAKyriacou andMohamedElgendi 1 ResearchCentre for IntelligentHealthcare, CoventryUniversity, CoventryUnited Kingdom 2 Faculty ofMedical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle uponTyneUnitedKingdom 3 ResearchCentre for Biomedical Engineering, City, University of London, LondonUnitedKingdom 4 Biomedical and Mobile Health Technology Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland
Laser generating metallic components

Recent developments in rapid prototyping have led to the concept of laser generating, the first additive manufacturing technology. This paper presents an innovative process of depositing multi-layer tracks, by fusing successive powder tracks, to generate three dimensional components, thereby offering an alternative to casting for small metal component manufacture. A coaxial nozzle assembly has been designed and manufactured enabling consistent omni-directional multi-layer deposition. In conjunction with this the software route from a CAD drawing to machine code generation has been established. The part is manufactured on a six axes machining center incorporating a 1.8 kW carbon-dioxide laser, providing an integrated opto-mechanical workstation. The part build-up program is controlled by a P150 host computer, linked directly to the DNC machining center. The direct manufacturing route is shown, including initial examples of simple objects (primitives -- cube, cylinder, cone) leading to more complex turbine blade generation, incorporating build-up techniques and the associated mechanical properties.
The Circular Polarization Diversity Effect Considering XPD Factor in an Indoor Radio Propagation Environment

In this paper, we analyzed new two-branch polarization diversity at the receiving end of a mobile link which a transmitter emits circularly polarized wave. To analyze the correlation coefficient considered by XPD(Cross Polarization Discrimination) between the two received signals, a simple theoretical model of circular polarization diversity is adopted and experimental measurements are also conducted. From both theoretical and measurement results, it can be seen that the proposed circular polarization diversity scheme is more effective than that of the conventional linear polarization diversity.
Effect of ancillary ligand on DNA and protein interaction of the two Zn (II) and Co (III) complexes: experimental and theoretical study

Abstract In the present work we have developed one mononuclear Zn(II) complex [Zn(L)(H2O)] (Complex 1) by utilizing a tetracoordinated ligand H2L, formed by simple condensation of 2, 2 dimethyl 1,3 diamino propane and 3- ethoxy salicylaldehyde and one newly designed mononuclear Co (III) complex [Co(L)(L1)] (complex 2) by utilizing (H2L) and 3- ethoxy salicylaldehyde(HL1) as an ancillary ligand. The newly developed complex 2 have been spectroscopically characterized. An interesting phenomenon has been noticed that in presence of ancillary ligand, the solubility in buffer solution and the thermal stability of complex 2 comparatively increases than 1. To check the effect of ancillary ligand, present in complex 2 towards the DNA and HSA binding efficacy, both the complexes have been taken into consideration to inspect their binding potentiality with the macromolecules. The ‘on’, ‘off’ fluorescence changes in presence of DNA and HSA, the binding constant values, obtained from electronic spectral titration, iodide induced quenching, competitive binding assay, circular dichroism (CD) spectral titration, time resolved fluorescence experiment unambiguously assure the better binding efficacy of complex 2 with the signal of minor groove binding mode with DNA along with no significant conformational changes of the macromolecules. The strong and spontaneous binding of complex 2 with CT-DNA is further supported by the Isothermal Titration Calorimetry (ITC) study. Furthermore TDDFT calculation of DNA with and without complex 2 significantly authorize the formation of complex 2-DNA adduct during the association. Finally Molecular Docking study properly verifies the experimental findings and provides justified explanation behinds experimental findings. Graphical abstract Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Crosstalk between basal extracellular matrix adhesion and building of apical architecture during morphogenesis

ABSTRACT Tissues build complex structures like lumens and microvilli to carry out their functions. Most of the mechanisms used to build these structures rely on cells remodelling their apical plasma membranes, which ultimately constitute the specialised compartments. In addition to apical remodelling, these shape changes also depend on the proper attachment of the basal plasma membrane to the extracellular matrix (ECM). The ECM provides cues to establish apicobasal polarity, and it also transduces forces that allow apical remodelling. However, physical crosstalk mechanisms between basal ECM attachment and the apical plasma membrane remain understudied, and the ones described so far are very diverse, which highlights the importance of identifying the general principles. Here, we review apicobasal crosstalk of two well-established models of membrane remodelling taking place during Drosophila melanogaster embryogenesis: amnioserosa cell shape oscillations during dorsal closure and subcellular tube formation in tracheal cells. We discuss how anchoring to the basal ECM affects apical architecture and the mechanisms that mediate these interactions. We analyse this knowledge under the scope of other morphogenetic processes and discuss what aspects of apicobasal crosstalk may represent widespread phenomena and which ones are used to build subsets of specialised compartments.
N-oleoylethanolamine − phosphatidylcholine complex loaded, DSPE-PEG integrated liposomes for efficient stroke

Abstract Causing more and more deaths, stroke has been a leading cause of death worldwide. However, success in clinical stroke trials has remained elusive. N-oleoylethanolamine (OEA) was an endogenous highly hydrophobic molecule with outstanding neuroprotective effect. In this article, hydrogen bonds were successfully formed between OEA and soybean phosphatidylcholine (SPC). The synthetic OEA-SPC complex and DSPE-PEG were self-assembled into liposomes (OEA NPs), with OEA-SPC loaded in the core and PEG formed a hydrophilic shell. Hence, highly hydrophobic OEA was loaded into liposomes as amorphous state with a drug loading of 8.21 ± 0.18 wt%. With fairly uniform size and well-distributed character, the OEA NPs were systemically assessed as an intravenous formulation for stroke therapy. The results indicated that the administration of OEA NPs could significantly improve the survival rate and the Garcia score of the MCAO rats compared with free OEA. The TTC-stained brain slices declared that the cerebral infarct volume and the edema degree induced by MCAO could be decreased to an extremely low level via the administration of OEA NPs. The Morris water maze (MWM) test suggested that the spatial learning and memory of the MCAO rats could also be ameliorated by OEA NPs. The immunofluorescence assay stated that the apoptosis of the neurons and the inflammation within the brain were greatly inhibited. The results suggest that the OEA NPs have a great chance to develop OEA as a potential anti-stroke formulation for clinic application.
Preclinical safety profile of RC88-ADC：a novel mesothelin-targeted antibody conjugated with Monomethyl auristatin E

Abstract Mesothelin (MSLN) is an attractive therapeutic target for antibody drug conjugates (ADC) because of significant differences in expression pattern between diseased and normal tissues. RC88-ADC is a novel ADC, targeting MSLN, and inhibits tumor growth significantly in mice xenograft models. We performed an 11-week repeated dose toxicity study of RC88-ADC via intravenous injection in Cynomolgus Monkeys with an 8-Week recovery period according to International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) S9 and S6(R1). RC88-ADC was administered to groups of 5 male and 5 female monkeys at dose levels of 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg/2 weeks, meanwhile vehicle, naked antibody, small molecule groups were set up as the control. 4 animals died in 10 mg/kg group of RC88-ADC. The clinical symptoms mainly included ocular toxicity, weight loss and food intake decrease in the middle and high dose groups of RC88-ADC. RC88-ADC caused dose-related reversible myelosuppression, manifested as hematologic toxicity, which was consistent with the small molecule toxicity profile of its coupling. The highest non-severely toxic dose of RC88-ADC was 5 mg/kg in monkeys after repeated dosing. Nonetheless, the integrated analysis showed that RC88-ADC demonstrated an acceptable safety profile and provided an improved treatment window. These results pave the way for further investigation of RC88-ADC in humans.