Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quantifying regional left ventricular function using spatio-temporal tracking techniques

﻿ Increasingly, diagnosis of cardiac disease, relies on computer processing of images to aid decision making. In this thesis, we use echocardiography, which is the most widely used cardiac imaging modality to study the motion of the left ventricle. Currently, clinical reporting of echocardiography examinations is operator-dependent and largely qualitative. Commercially available software does not track the left ven- tricle. Also, it does not provide quantification of regional function. This thesis establishes a framework for the quantitative regional analysis of left ven- tricular function. The endocardial and epicardial contours are automatically tracked during the cardiac cycle. A quantitative measure of regional endocardial wall excur- sion and myocardial thickening, based on a 16-segment model of the heart, is then obtained based on these boundaries. The new tracking framework is based on Kalman filtering which makes a single pre- diction as to the position of the boundary on the next frame. We develop a mea- surement model for the endocardial border, the tissue/blood interface, and the epi- cardium, the tissue/tissue interface. Having tracked the endocardial and epicardial boundaries, we introduce an interpretational space which provides clinically mean- ingful regional quantitative measures of left ventricular function. We illustrate all the concepts on one example. We apply the ideas developed to stress echocardiography, in a small retrospective clinical test.
Interactive natural user interfaces

For many years, science fiction entertainment has showcased holographic technology and futuristic user interfaces that have stimulated the world’s imagination. Movies such as Star Wars and Minority Report portray characters interacting with free-floating 3D displays and manipulating virtual objects as though they were tangible. While these futuristic concepts are intriguing, its difficult to locate a commercial, interactive holographic video solution in an everyday electronics store. As used in this work, it should be noted that the term holography refers to artificially created, free-floating objects whereas the traditional term refers to the recording and reconstruction of 3D image data from 2D mediums. This research addresses the need for a feasible technological solution that allows users to work with projected, interactive and touch-sensitive 3D virtual environments. This research will aim to construct an interactive holographic user interface system by consolidating existing commodity hardware and interaction algorithms. In addition, this work studies the best design practices for human-centric factors related to 3D user interfaces. The problem of 3D user interfaces has been well-researched. When portrayed in science fiction, futuristic user interfaces usually consist of a holographic display, interaction controls and feedback mechanisms. In reality, holographic displays are usually represented by volumetric or multi-parallax technology. In this work, a novel holographic display is presented which leverages a mini-projector to produce a free-floating image onto a fog-like surface. The holographic user interface system will consist of a display component: to project a free-floating image; a tracking component: to allow the user to interact with the 3D display via gestures; and a software component: which drives the complete hardware system. After examining this research, readers will be well-informed on how to build an intuitive, eye-catching holographic user interface system for various application arenas.
Views, compliance and enforcement of Graduated Driver Licence conditions: findings from the New Zealand Drivers Study

This paper describes young driversr views of, and compliance with, the Graduated Driver Licence System (GDLS) conditions, and their GDLS traffic offences. The New Zealand Drivers Study (NZDS) is a prospective cohort study of newly licensed car drivers. 1599 young drivers (<25 years) progressed to full licensure and completed the NZDS baseline, restricted, and full licence interviews. Their views and experiences regarding GDLS conditions were obtained from these interviews. GDLS offences were sourced from official traffic records. Young drivers thought the conditions were important for safety reasons, and agreement with conditions was generally high but, compliance with conditions was low: 24% breached the learner licence supervisor condition, 66% the restricted licence night-time condition, and 79% the restricted licence passenger condition. One in five young drivers breached all three conditions. Less than half thought it was likely they would be stopped by the police for not complying with licence conditions. Percentage of young drivers who received an offence notice for breaching conditions: supervisor condition (4%), night-time condition (4%), and passenger condition (12%). Despite approving of the GDLS conditions, non-compliance was high, especially for restricted licence conditions. However, few young drivers received a police offence notice for these breaches of the law. Increasing compliance with conditions has been identified as a mechanism to reduce crash risk. Stricter enforcement by the police is required to help improve compliance; this would also assist parents to enforce the conditions. This combined effort should result in safety gains for young drivers.
A Neanderthal OAS1 isoform Protects Against COVID-19 Susceptibility and Severity: Results from Mendelian Randomization and Case-Control Studies

Proteins detectable in peripheral blood may influence COVID-19 susceptibility or severity. However, understanding which circulating proteins are etiologically involved is difficult because their levels may be influenced by COVID-19 itself and are also subject to confounding factors. To identify circulating proteins influencing COVID-19 susceptibility and severity we undertook a large-scale two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study, since this study design can rapidly scan hundreds of circulating proteins and reduces bias due to reverse causation and confounding. We identified genetic determinants of 931 circulating proteins in 28,461 SARS-CoV-2 uninfected individuals, retaining only single nucleotide polymorphism near the gene encoding the circulating protein. We found that a standard deviation increase in OAS1 levels was associated with reduced COVID-19 death or ventilation (N = 4,336 cases / 623,902 controls; OR = 0.54, P = 7×10−8), COVID-19 hospitalization (N = 6,406 / 902,088; OR = 0.61, P = 8×10−8) and COVID-19 susceptibility (N = 14,134 / 1,284,876; OR = 0.78, P = 8×10−6). Results were consistent in multiple sensitivity analyses. We then measured OAS1 levels in 504 patients with repeated plasma samples (N=1039) with different COVID-19 outcomes and found that increased OAS1 levels in a non-infectious state were associated with protection against very severe COVID-19, hospitalization and susceptibility. Further analyses suggested that a Neanderthal isoform of OAS1 affords this protection. Thus, evidence from MR and a case-control study supported a protective role for OAS1 in COVID-19 outcomes. Available medicines, such as phosphodiesterase-12 inhibitors, increase OAS1 and could be explored for their effect on COVID-19 susceptibility and severity.
Developing probiotics, prebiotics, and organic acids to control Salmonella spp. in commercial turkeys at the University of Arkansas, USA

In the United States, non-typhoidal Salmonella causes over one million foodborne infections every year and turkey meat contaminated with Salmonella has been associated from the farm to the processing plant. These outbreaks emphasize efforts on decreasing and preventing human illness associated with live poultry contact through comprehensive interventions from \farm-to-fork" levels. This review article revises the role of the turkey upper respiratory tract, which is now known to play a crucial role in colonization and as a source of contamination, for this remarkable bacterium that has co-evolved to infect plants and animals. Because agriculture represents over 60% of the economy of the state of Arkansas, the mission of our laboratory over the last 21 years has been directed to evaluate and develop applied research to help reduce the incidence of Salmonella spp. from commercial turkey operations. A summary of the published research is presented.
The Impact of User Heterogeneity on Knowledge Collaboration Performance

Existing research showed that the social Q & A community is centred on user participation and can improve knowledge collaboration performance by means of heterogeneous knowledge, but it did not reveal the process and mechanism. This paper takes the user behaviours of the Zhihu which is the largest social Q & A community in China as the research object. From an interactive perspective, it builds a research model of the relationship between user heterogeneity and knowledge collaboration performance by establishing measurement indicators for relationship analysis according to the user behaviours data of Zhihu. The results show that there is an inverted Ushaped relationship between user heterogeneity and knowledge collaboration performance, and the interpersonal interaction of users plays a mediating role in the relationship between user heterogeneity and knowledge collaboration performance, while the mediating effect of machine interaction is not significant. This paper, based on this, puts forward some suggestions for better development of social Q & A community.
Comparison and insight into long-channel MOSFET drain current models

1 The Key Laboratory of Integrated Microsystems, School of Computer & Information Engineering, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China 2 Peking University Shenzhen SOC Key Laboratory, PKU-HKUST Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen 518057, P.R. China 3 Department of ECE, Hongkong University of Science and Technology, Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China Abstract-In this paper we provide an insight into the drain current model for long-channel MOSFET devices. A new method to perform the integral of the rigorous Pao-Sah dual integral current is derived. From it, we demonstrate the error of the traditional charge sheet models in predicting the drain current compared with Pao-Sah’s dual integral model, also provide the reason that Brews’ charge sheet model fails to pass the self consistency tests reported previously. Three charge-sheet approximation models are tested in order to find a simple yet accurate drain current model for surface potential-based compact models. Keywords--MOSFET models, charge-sheet approximation, drain current model
Perception and control of rotorcraft flight

Three topics which can be applied to rotorcraft flight are examined: (1) the nature of visual information; (2) what visual information is informative about; and (3) the control of visual information. The anchorage of visual perception is defined as the distribution of structure in the surrounding optical array or the distribution of optical structure over the retinal surface. A debate was provoked about whether the referent of visual event perception, and in turn control, is optical motion, kinetics, or dynamics. The interface of control theory and visual perception is also considered. The relationships among these problems is the basis of this article.
Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviors of University Students Regarding the Harassment on Social Media in Turkey

Social media platforms are an effective platform for online harassment and that over 2016 internet usage rates indicate that over 3.4 billion people are connected internets and 2.3 billion of them are actively using social media. There are over 46 million people in Turkey who have internet connection and 42 million people actively spend time in social media. High rates of exploitation of the majority of harassment incidents take place in the social media. Research has shown that cyber bullies usually target personal or physical characteristics. (xTRlarge, 2017) (OHR17, 2017)
Stability analysis of multiple-robot control systems

In a space telerobotic service scenario, cooperative motion and force control of multiple robot arms are of fundamental importance. Three paradigms to study this problem are proposed. They are distinguished by the set of variables used for control design. They are joint torques, arm tip force vectors, and an accelerated generalized coordinate set. Control issues related to each case are discussed. The latter two choices require complete model information, which presents practical modeling, computational, and robustness problems. Therefore, focus is on the joint torque control case to develop relatively model independent motion and internal force control laws. The rigid body assumption allows the motion and force control problems to be independently addressed. By using an energy motivated Lyapunov function, a simple proportional derivative plus gravity compensation type of motion control law is always shown to be stabilizing. The asymptotic convergence of the tracing error to zero requires the use of a generalized coordinate with the contact constraints taken into account. If a non-generalized coordinate is used, only convergence to a steady state manifold can be concluded. For the force control, both feedforward and feedback schemes are analyzed. The feedback control, if proper care has been taken, exhibits better robustness and transient performance.
Compact metamaterial antenna for UWB applications

A compact antenna is proposed using planar-patterned metamaterial structures for ultra-wideband applications. This antenna consists of four metamaterial unit cells that simultaneously show both negative permeability and negative permittivity on the triangular patch and three rectangular slots on the partial ground plane fed with a microstrip line. It has a wide bandwidth from 3.07 to 19.91 GHz for voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) <2 and an average gain of 5.62 dBi with a peak of 8.57 dBi because of using planar-patterned metamaterial structures. Good agreement between computations and experiments is realised convincing that the antenna can operate over a wide bandwidth with planar-patterned metamaterial structures and compact size (0.28λ × 0.19λ × 0.02λ).
The ADA companion guide : understanding the Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines (ADAAG) and the Architectural Barriers Act (ABA)

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Isolation of Thermostable Protease Producing Bacteria from the Microbial Mats

As thermostable protease has more commercial value in different industries, the aim of this study was to search for such an enzyme producing bacteria from the microbial mats. Investigation was continued on the isolate for its ability to produce mass amount of enzyme and its activity under suitable optimized conditions. Different parameters including cheap carbon and nitrogen substrates, inoculum size and temperature was selected to optimize the enzyme production conditions. Initially five different isolates from two microbial mats collected from different sources were analyzed for its ability to produce thermostable protease after exposing to higher temperature incubation conditions. Test culture tentatively named as 1F from microbial mat-1 was selected as more enzyme producer among the ten isolates. The organism was selected based on the zone of clearance on skim milk agar by the isolate, that indicating more protease production. Under each optimization parameter, each type of carbon (Lactose), and nitrogen (yeast extract) source showed more enzyme production and activity respectively. About 1% inoculum size and a thermostable temperature of 45°C produced significant amount of enzyme and its activity. The obtained results emphasized the need for thermostable protease for different commercial industries in the existing and near future.
Power Electronic Interface with Islanding Detection and Unbalanced Fault Ride-through Capability

Power electronic interface of dispersed generation plays a very important role in connecting a dispersed generation with utility grids. A power electronic interface not only adjusts the amount of active and reactive power injecting into a grid but also implements other importance duties as well. In this study, negative-sequence current injection has been fulfilled in three-phase power electronic interface for two important duties besides injecting reference power into utility grids. The first one is for islanding detection, and the other one is to enhance unbalance-fault ride-through capability of dispersed generation. This paper introduces a mechanism of negative-sequence injection based on controlling two separate coordinates of dq-control and explains the effect of negative-sequence injection in limiting the unbalanced currents generated from a dispersed generation. Using adaptive notch filter as a signal processing unit for the three-phase system, negative-sequence components are observed. The performance of entire control system is evaluated by time domain simulations, PSCAD/EMTDC (power systems computer aided design/electromagnetic transients including DC).
High speed rotary system for catheter based 3-D imaging with optical coherence tomography (OCT)

Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is an addition to the other tomographic imaging techniques of x-ray computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and ultrasound imaging. OCT uses optical reflections of biological tissues as opposed to x-rays, RF fields, and sound waves to obtain images. A rotary and pullback system has been developed for use with OCT. The system was developed to facilitate the three dimensional imaging of various lumens in humans and animals. The system is capable of rotating at a rate of 200 Hz. At this rate the rotary system will allow for a frame acquisition rate of 200 fps which is significantly higher than the highest published acquisition rate to date of 108 fps. The probes used with the system were modeled after the Intravascular Ultrasound (IVUS) miniature torque cable design. The probes can be sealed and sterilized between subjects without being damaged; unlike the single use IVUS probes. The rotary system was used to image the outer ear of a mouse in vivo. A lateral slice from the resulting three dimensional image was compared to the general histology of a mouse ear. The image compared well to the general anatomy as found on the histology.
The design and evaluation of network power scheduling for sensor networks

The combination of technological advances in integrated circuitry, micro-electro-mechanical systems, communication, and energy storage has driven the development of low-cost, low-power sensor nodes. Networking many nodes through radio communication allows for data collection via multihop routing, but the practical limits on available resources and the lack of global control present challenges. Constraints imposed by the limited energy stores on individual nodes require planned use of resources, particularly the radio. In this dissertation we present Flexible Power Scheduling (FPS), a network scheduling architecture for radio power management specifically tailored towards energy-efficient data gathering and query dissemination in multihop sensor networks. We present empirical results from experiments on Berkeley Motes running two real-world sensor network applications and show that FPS increases end-to-end packet reception and decreases power consumption by 4X over existing power management approaches.
Simulink-Based Implementation and Performance Analysis of TDS-OFDM in Time-Varying Environments

Abstract : In this thesis, we develop simulink-based software models to implement and test the time-domain synchronous OFDM (TDS-OFDM) transmitter and receiver systems. This technique has been introduced in terrestrial digital broadcasting in the P.R. C. , and it seems to be particularly suitable to highly mobile environments. The transmission channel is modeled as a time-varying Rayleigh multipath channel. Two standard transmission channels models are considered: the COST 207 model with 6-path typical urban (TU6) characteristics and the China test8 (CT8) model restricted to the 4-path characteristics only. Overall system performances are evaluated in terms of bit error ratio (BER) for different signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) levels in these two channel environments for mobile systems with various resulting Doppler shift levels. Results show the capabilities and limitations of this technology in estimating the time-varying transmission channel and reconstructing the transmitted data. Performances are also compared to those obtained by standard OFDM techniques, such as the one adopted by the digital video broadcasting terrestrial (DVB-T) standard.