Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ZOAR-ADMM: Zeroth-order ADMM Robust to Byzantine Attackers

—Due to the grow of data size, there is a recent surge of interest in the design of distributed machine learning algorithms. However, Byzantine attackers can easily prevent the convergence of algorithms or lead the algorithm to converge to value of attackers’ choice. In this paper, we design a zeroth order adversarially robust alternating direction method of multipliers (ZOAR-ADMM) that can deal with Byzantine attackers for the zeroth-order methods in a consensus network. The main idea of the algorithm is to ask each worker store a local deviation statistics of distance between neighbor’s model parameter and its own model parameter for every neighbor. These information will then be used to ﬁlter out bad model parameter from Byzantine attackers. We show that this algorithm can converge to the sample minimizer and the function can converge to the optimal value. We further provide numerical examples to illustrate the performance of the proposed algorithm.
Design of fully printed omnidirectional CRLH loop antennas for WLAN technology

We report numerical and experimental results concerning fully printed loop antennas for WLAN communications based on composite right‐/left‐handed transmission lines. In this work, we describe a different approach and methodology with respect to other omnidirectional loop antennas that have already been presented in the literature. Indeed, we exploit the possibility of using only printed elements for loading the loop, and we show that this solution offers new degrees of freedom for fine tuning of the operating frequency and for a deep optimization of the omnidirectional radiation pattern. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:1405–1408, 2014
Power quality issues in a wind turbine driven induction generator and diesel hybrid autonomous grid

Power quality issues of wind-diesel hybrid systems have been discussed in this paper. Fixed pitch wind turbine coupled with induction generator has been considered for this study. The rotor blade passing frequency effect has been included in the wind turbine model. Dynamic response to random wind speed, voltage deviation due to continuously varying load, reactive power limit is shown in the results. Effect of varying X/R ratios has also been investigated on system voltage deviation.
Signal Detection as a Function of Frequency Ensemble. II

This paper presents the results of a second experimental investigation of the detection of a signal in noise as a function of signal ensemble size and ensemble frequency range. Data are presented for the three observers who took part in the experiment. The results obtained are compared with (1) predictions based upon three mathematical models, (2) performance expected of a mathematically optimum detector, and (3) results obtained in the first of these investigations.
Tax Avoidance Behavior of Sharia Banks in Indonesia

This study aims to investigate the effect of Good Corporate Governance elements, which are proxied by: independent commissioners, audit committee, audit quality, institutional ownership and company size variable on tax avoidance behavior in Indonesia’s sharia banks. The annual reports of all sharia banks in 2016 – 2019 are examined to analyze factors that affecting tax avoidance behavior in sharia banks in Indonesia. The researchers observed 12 sharia bank companies in Indonesia which are selected by purposive sampling method. The multiple linear regression analysis model was used to investigate the impact of GCG elements and company size on tax avoidance behavior. The results of this study demonstrate that the audit committee has a negative and significant effect on tax avoidance, while company size has a positive and significant effect on tax avoidance. Conversely, independent commissioners, audit quality, and institutional ownership do not have a significant effect on tax avoidance behavior. This research divulges the possible impact of GCG elements on tax avoidance behavior in the specific context of Muslim majority countries such as Indonesia where Sharia banks are rapidly growing.
Catastrophe at menarche

Menarche, the beginning of menstrual function occurs as a result of complex interaction between the hypothalamus, pituitary and ovarian hormones and is an important event in any girl’s life as it signifies the beginning of fertility. Rarely some diseases like migraine, epilepsy, inherited bleeding disorders can manifest at menarche and cause significant anxiety to the parents and the adolescent girl. A 13-year-old girl presented with convulsions following 8 days of excessive bleeding at the time of menarche. She had altered sensorium, severe anaemia with Respiratory alkalosis and needed ICU Care. She needed multiple transfusions of blood and blood products. She showed features of sepsis on haemogram at admission later manifested respiratory findings. Her bleeding per vaginum did not respond to antifibrinolytics and progesterones and stopped only after evacuation of contents on day 5 under GA. No organism could be isolated and she recovered on Day 6 of higher broad spectrum antibiotics. Her parents were counselled to watch for occurrence of seizures in later life as this catastrophe may signify onset of epilepsy in later life.
The multispan effects of Kerr nonlinearity and amplifier noises on Shannon channel capacity of a dispersion-free nonlinear optical fiber

We present a general treatment of multispan effects on Shannon channel capacity for dispersion-free nonlinear optical fiber transmission. We have derived a closed-form formula that is exact and applicable for arbitrary input signal power and noise power. The nonlinear interference among the accumulated Kerr nonlinear noises and the amplifier noises along each span will be investigated. The dependence of the channel capacity on various operating renditions and system parameters will be studied. We have derived a simple scaling law for the Shannon capacity as given by log, [1+CN/sub s//sup -4/3/N/sub c//sup -2/3//spl gamma//sup -2/3/P/sub W//sup -2/3/] for Nb spans and N/sub c/ channels, where /spl gamma/ is the Kerr nonlinearity coefficient and P/sub W/ is the average noise power density for each amplifier.
V-band MMIC low-noise amplifier design based on distributed active device model

A V-band two stage MMIC low-noise amplifier using 0.15 /spl mu/m pHEMT based on a distributed active device model has been designed. This model is successful in constructing the equivalent circuit of HEMT that cannot be scaled from a standard HEMT model. An MMIC amplifier based on the distributed model and careful EM simulation exhibits a maximum gain of 9.6 dB and a minimum noise figure of 3.6 dB at 61 GHz. This results indicate that the distributed HEMT model is effective for the design V-band MMIC low noise amplifiers.
The PACAP/PAC1 Receptor System and Feeding

Pituitary adenylyl cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) belongs to the vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)/secretin/glucagon superfamily. PACAP is present in two forms (PACAP-38 and PACAP-27) and binds to three guanine-regulatory (G) protein-coupled receptors (PAC1, VPAC1, and VPAC2). PACAP is expressed in the central and peripheral nervous systems, with high PACAP levels found in the hypothalamus, a brain region involved in feeding and energy homeostasis. PAC1 receptors are high-affinity and PACAP-selective receptors, while VPAC1 and VPAC2 receptors show a comparable affinity to PACAP and VIP. PACAP and its receptors are expressed in the central and peripheral nervous systems with moderate to high expression in the hypothalamus, amygdala, and other limbic structures. Consistent with their expression, PACAP is involved in several physiological responses and pathological states. A growing body of literature suggests that PACAP regulates food intake in laboratory animals. However, there is no comprehensive review of the literature on this topic. Thus, the purpose of this article is to review the literature regarding the role of PACAP and its receptors in food intake regulation and to synthesize how PACAP exerts its anorexic effects in different brain regions. To achieve this goal, we searched PubMed and reviewed 68 articles regarding the regulatory action of PACAP on food intake. Here, we present the literature regarding the effect of exogenous PACAP on feeding and the role of endogenous PACAP in this process. We also provide evidence regarding the effect of PACAP on the homeostatic and hedonic aspects of food intake, the neuroanatomical sites where PACAP exerts its regulatory action, which PACAP receptors may be involved, and the role of various signaling pathways and neurotransmitters in hypophagic effects of PACAP.
Country‐wide flood exposure analysis using Sentinel‐1 synthetic aperture radar data: Case study of 2019 Iran flood

Extreme precipitation and flooding often lead to human and economic losses. However, the high‐resolution nationwide flooding exposure data are scarce. Availability of all‐weather space‐borne SAR satellite data can potentially improve the ability to generate high‐resolution flood map extent and exposure globally. In Iran, flooding is a major concern, given the socioeconomic vulnerabilities and increased likelihood of climate extremes. Iran experienced extreme flooding during January to March 2019, attributed to significant precipitation during October 2018 to March 2019, which is well above the long‐term averages for 1999–2019. Using Pettitt and Mann Kendall tests, nationwide precipitation records were identified by significant decreasing and increasing trends in north and south, respectively. Utilizing 673 Sentinel‐1 SAR intensity images, we applied a fast‐marching algorithm for image segmentation in combination with a Bayesian framework to obtain high‐resolution probabilistic flood maps. We found, 22, 9, and 15 states in January, February, and March, respectively, experienced flooding that covered >15% of their area with high flooded area percent in the northwestern and southeastern region. We estimated that >15, >11.32, and >11.33 million people were exposed to floods in January, February, and March, respectively. Our datasets inform flooding models and management efforts under increasing climate extremes and changing land use and cover.
A Holistic Approach for Enhancing the Efficacy of Soil Microbial Inoculants in Agriculture:

Microbial inoculants can be an efficient tool to manage the soil and plant microbiomes providing direct beneficial effects, and for modulating native soil and plant-associated microbiota. However, the application of soil microbial inoculants as biofertilizers and biopesticides in agriculture is still limited by factors related to their formulation, application method, and the knowledge about the impact and interactions between microbial inoculants and native soil and plant host microbiomes. The review is thus describing and discussing three major aspects related to microbial-based product exploitation, namely: i) the discovery and screening of beneficial microbial strains; ii) the opportunities and challenges associated with strain multifunctional features; iii) the fermentation and formulation strategies also based on the use of wastes as growth substrates and the technical and regulatory challenges faced in their path to field application. All these issues are addressed in activities performed by the EXCALIBUR project (www.excaliburproject.eu), which aims to expand the current concept about microbiomes interactions, acknowledging their interactive network that can impact agricultural practices as well as on all living organisms within an ecosystem.
Primary malignant melanoma of the nipple: a case report

Primary melanoma origi­nating on the female nipple remains an extremely rare variant of malignant melanoma and only a few cases haves been reported in the literature. We describe a case of a patient admitted for a black pigment deposition on the left nipple. Surgical resection of the left nipple and areola with clear margins and an axillary lymph node dissection was performed confirming the diagnosis of non-invasive superficial spreading melanoma.
Specifications and strategies for state estimation of vehicle and platoon

Advancement in the automobile industry has resulted in the concept of advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS). As of now, a major portion of ADAS is essentially non-cooperative in nature. These systems make use of the information gathered by in-car sensors that scan the vehicle's environment. Signi cant progress can be made, however, when vehicles not only sense information, but also communicate intelligently with other vehicles and road side infrastructure. This constitutes the eld of cooperative driving which was the objective of the Grand Cooperative Driving Challenge (GCDC) competition, held in May 2011 at Helmond, Holland.The purpose of this thesis is to de ne speci cations and strategies, that could be employed for the state estimation of single vehicle and of a platoon of vehicles, speci cally for the GCDC competition. The states of a vehicle are the parameters that can be used in navigation and control of a vehicle. In the current thesis work, it includes the parameters transmitted to other platoon vehicles as well as the those sent to vehicle's controller. Two types of states have been classi fied, namely the singlevehicle states and the platoon states. Dierent models have been studied for the representation of single vehicle and the vehicles in the platoon. Each model has its own particular advantages and disadvantages. The decision of employing a model depends upon the platooning strategies, and the processing power available. Kalman lters have been used for the state estimation.
Macro-Level Determinants of Board Effectiveness in UK and Romanian Listed Companies: A Conceptual Approach

This descriptive and exploratory study aims to analyse and compare the macro-level determinants of board effectiveness of listed companies for two European countries, the UK and Romania. The main focus is on the relationships between national culture and legal-institutional factors (macro-determinants) and how they might affect board effectiveness in both countries. By investigating the moderating effect of macro-level determinants on board effectiveness, this research contributes to the small number of cross-border studies on board effectiveness in this area. The cross-national context of this study is also relevant against the background of the increasing internationalization of boards. This implies that the understanding of macro-determinants and their effect on board processes becomes increasingly important for boards, and especially chairs, to take into consideration. Key terms: corporate governance, board effectiveness, UK and Romania, legal-institutional factors, financial-economic factors, national culture JEL Classification: G34, M40
Cluster of Differentiation 274 Antigen Immunohistochemical Expression in Tumor and Peri-tumor Cells of Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma and Clinicopathological Relation (Single-center Study)

BACKGROUND: Cluster of differentiation 274 (CD274) antigen has been investigated in tumors to evaluate its regulation and effect as a predictive of targeted therapy. Its expression and effect in lymphoma have raised interest recently. However, results were mixed and showed wide variations. AIM: This study aims to explore and compare CD274 antigen immunohistochemical expression in tumor and peri-tumor cells of classic Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and diffuse large B cells non-HL (NHL) and its relation with clinicopathological criteria. METHODS: This work was carried out on 78 cases of lymph node excision biopsy (48 HL and 30 NHL). Prepared sections were applied for immunohistochemistry using CD274 monoclonal rabbit anti-human (programmed cell death protein 1 [PD-L1] ZR3-ASR, a Sigma Aldrich company). Assessment of CD274 antigen in tumor cells was considered positive if detected in >10% (membranous staining with cytoplasmic accentuation). Peri-tumor cells were scored as: 0, no positive cells/high-power field (HPF); 1, <10 positive cells/HPF; 2, 10–30 positive cells/HPF; 3, >30 positive cells/HPF. RESULTS: CD274 antigen was expressed in 53.8% of total lymphoma cases with significantly more expression of CD274 antigen in HL than NHL (66.7% vs. 33.3%). Classic HL showed significantly higher expression of CD274 antigen in tumor and peri-tumor cells and significant association with elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate and lactate dehydrogenase and male gender. INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSION: There is a more frequent and significant expression of CD274 antigen in classic HL than NHL cases in tumor and peri-tumor cells and a significant association with bad prognostic criteria in classic HL. High expression of CD274 antigen in classic HL proposes its potential use as a marker, especially for prognostic indication.
AM-SCM-PCM lightwave CATV transmission systems

A new approach to a lightwave multichannel CATV transmission system using PCM is proposed and its advantages over conventional schemes are outlined. The principal system noise, i.e. clipping and quantisation noise, both produced by A/D convertors, has been analysed. For a 40 channel 10 bit system and 8 bit system, the received CNRs are 54 and 43 dB, respectively.
Application of distributed superconducting magnetic energy storage system (D-SMES) in the entergy system to improve voltage stability

The Western Region of the Entergy System (USA) is limited in both generation and transmission. Past events as well as extensive steady state and dynamic voltage stability analysis have indicated that the region can be subjected to potential voltage stability problems under certain contingency conditions. In order to improve voltage stability in the area, Entergy evaluated several shunt reactive reinforcement alternatives and distributed superconducting magnetic energy storage system (D-SMES) was selected as the preferred option. This paper discusses the application of D-SMES on the Entergy System to improve voltage stability.
Salinity Tolerance of Blackgram and Mungbean

Blackgram (Vigna mungo) is more salt tolerant than mungbean (Vigna radiata). This study was initiated to know whether the accumulation pattern of mineral ions in different plant parts plays a significant role in the differences in salt tolerance between the two Vigna species. Different mineral ions, viz. N, Cl, Na, K, Mg and Ca in different organs of two varieties of each of blackgram- Barimash-l (susceptible one) and Barimash-2 (tolerant one), and mungbean-Barimung-3 (tolerant one) and Barimung-4(susceptible one), were analyzed after growing with 0, 50, 75 and 100 mM NaCl solutions. The two crops showed a decreased but similar pattern of total N accumulation under saline conditions. The tolerant variety of both the crops showed a less reduction in total N than the susceptible one. Leaves showed the maximum while stem the minimum N, irrespective of levels of salinity. C l[-10] and N a+ accumulation increased with the increasing salinity levels. Interestingly, similar to a halophyte, the salt tolerant blackgram exhibited conspicuously higher amount of N a+ in the shoot than the salt-susceptible mungbean. However, the tolerant varieties showed less amount of N a+ than the susceptible one, especially in blackgram. Seeds of both Vigna spp. accumulated the minimum amount of N a+ than other plant parts. K+ accumulation decreased by salinity in most of the plant parts, except seeds. Blackgram showed larger reduction in K than mungbean. The Mg++ increased in leaves, petioles and stem by salinity while decreased in the roots, podshells and seeds in both the crops. Salinity increased Ca++ accumulation in all plant-parts except roots of both Vigna spp. Apparently, the leaves of mungbean accumulated higher concentration of Ca++ than blackgram. Varietal differences in the accumulation pattern of K+ , Mg++ and Ca++ were not clear. It was concluded that blackgram, presumably, possesses a similar salt tolerance mechanism to halophyte, and the pattern of accumulation of mineral ions in blackgram and mungbean was not fully ascribed to the differences in salinity tolerance between the two Vigna species.gna species.ies. s.ies.
Application of the distributed equilibrium equivalent circuit model to semiconductor junctions

The small-signal equivalent circuits for a p-n junction at equilibrium and the MOS capacitor in the inversion range are derived from the general transmission line model. Detailed calculations are made to obtain the semiconductor admittance as a function of frequency for a gold-doped n-type silicon substrate. The transmission-line model provides the desired distributed time constant observed in experimental data of admittance versus frequency. A simple model is given to illustrate how the low-frequency junction capacitance depends on the position of the deep level recombination center in the band gap and the ratio of the hole and electron emission rates. Experimental results on gold-doped silicon junctions are analyzed in terms of the theoretical model, considering effects of this ratio, the effects of surface channels, and the effect of a nonuniform spatial variation of the gold impurity.
Six Sigma: myths and realities

The Six Sigma approach has set a new paradigm of excellence in any manufacturing ambience. But do the ground realities speak in favor of spending millions of $ budget, when any exotic process centric concept even like Shainin's can also map out process improvement in the similar objective manner? The Define, Measure Analyze Improvement and Control (DMAICR) approach is discussed vis‐a‐vis Deming's cycle, total quality management assessment methodologies including Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award Assessment (MBNQA) or European Foundation for Quality (EFQM) framework and of late, much popularized Dorian Shainin's Statistical Engineering (SE). The 3.4 PPM, so‐called quantitative aspect of Six Sigma, is challenged statistically over process variability. The conclusion leads to acknowledge Six Sigma as any other process improvement and enrichment systematic methodology like any other aforementioned improvement initiatives.
Theoretical analysis of linear active antenna array for beam steering

The beam‐steering characteristic of a 1 × 4 linear Gunn‐integrated active antenna array is investigated by varying the bias voltages of the different elements in the array while keeping the side‐lobe level 10‐dB below the main beam level. By varying the bias voltage of all four elements simultaneously, the optimization of beam steering exhibited a beam scanning of 40° with 1.85‐dB power deviation in the main beam, which is better than the previously reported data. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 44: 560–564, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20697
Applying Data Science to Assess Postpartum Depression in Women from Rural Bihar in India

Abstract: Postpartum Depression (PPD) affects women during pregnancy or within a year of giving birth. This paper uses data science principles to study the prevalence of PPD in women from the state of Bihar in India. Data was obtained by trained surveyors for a random sample of 531 women, aged 15 to 41 years old, who had been pregnant or recently given birth. Our results show a significant occurrence of PPD in the population with 24% ± 4% of women showing symptoms based on a 95% confidence interval. We analyze the impact of age, number of children and sex of the last child on PPD. PPD was found to be 70% more prevalent in women between the ages of 30 and 39, correlated with them having more children. Women in this age group had on an average 4.6 children compared to the overall sample average of 2.1 children per mother. Keywords: postpartum depression, rural women, data science