Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High extinction switching of SOAs for in-band crosstalk reduction in PON

Burst-mode operation in next-generation large-split, long-reach 10 Gbit/s passive optical networks (PONs) poses challenging requirements on optical network unit (ONU) design. One critical requirement in high-split networks is to suppress the ONU off-state emissions sufficiently to prevent penalties arising from in-band crosstalk. Proposed and demonstrated is the use of semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) to provide this high-extinction ONU gating function. A novel experimental technique for accurate characterisation of the dynamic extinction introduced by the SOAs is described, which is based on the bit error rate penalty induced by the interference from the SOA off-state emissions. The experimental results indicate that the proposed ONU design can allow the operation of PONs with 512-way splits.
MOSAIC SPATIAL-SPECTRAL FEATURE BASED OBJECT TRACKING IN HYPERSPECTRAL VIDEO

Recent studies have shown that the problem of color trackers under challenging situations can be alleviate by the material information of hyperspectral image (HSI), which can be acquired at video rate by a snapshot mosaic hyperspectral camera with spectral filter array (SFA). Due to the specific mosaic structure of the acquired images, it is usually converted into an HSI cube directly or by demosaicing, which will reduce spatial resolution and cause spatial-spectral distortion. To this end, we propose a novel mosaic spatial-spectral tracking (MSST) framework for snapshot mosaic HS videos. First, considering the spatial-spectral correlation of mosaic HSI, the novel mosaic spatial and spectral gradient operators are designed dedicated to raw mosaic HSI. Then, mosaic spatial-spectral histogram of oriented gradient (MSSHOG) descriptor is constructed by exploring the distribution of gradient magnitudes in spatial domain and spatial-spectral domain. Finally, MSSHOG is further embedded to correlation filters, yielding MSST method. The experimental results demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of MSST.
Validation and Re-diagnosis Using Consistency Check Algorithm to Improve Accuracy of Abnormality Diagnosis

A nuclear power plant (NPP) is a large complex system of thousands of individual components. They are monitored by various parameters, and the operator refers to these parameters and alarms to diagnose the current state and to predict the future state of the NPP. At this time, safety is considered a top priority. NPPs provide operating procedures appropriate for specific situations. The operator can select the appropriate operating procedures and compare them with parameters and alarms to make appropriate diagnosis and take corrective action [1]. When an abnormal event occurs in the NPPs, corrective action is taken by selecting the appropriate abnormal operating procedure (AOP) by comparing the current symptoms with the entry conditions of each AOP. Each sub-procedure of one AOP represents an abnormal cause and has different entry conditions for each symptom and alarm. At this time, if the situation becomes too serious to take actions through the AOP or if the situation worsens due to misdiagnosis and wrong actions, emergency situations or accidents can occur [2]. Therefore, the operator is trained to select the appropriate AOPs and sub-procedures for the situation. In the event of a reactor shutdown accident, necessary measures are taken in connection with the emergency operating procedure (EOP), which only takes a few minutes to identify as one of the seven EOPs. However, the advanced power reactor 1400 (APR-1400) covered in this study includes a total of 82 AOPs and 224 sub-procedures. It is impossible to compare many parameters, alarms, etc. with more than 200 entry conditions, and it takes a long time. Also, many abnormal events have similar symptoms and involve a number of alarms that can affect each other. As a result, some symptoms may not be clearly identified in the AOP, which may cause confusion to the operator, resulting in human errors. To support this, abnormal diagnosis systems using data-driven methods such as artificial neural networks and convolutional neural networks have been developed. As a safety-critical system, NPP requires that all systems implemented are very reliable. However, datadriven models cannot always ensure accurate diagnosis because they cannot simulate and handle all possible abnormal events. Therefore, the diagnosis model must be able to detect own misdiagnosis This paper use gate recurrent units (GRUs) and long short-term memory (LSTM) cells to build a two-stage abnormal diagnosis model that diagnoses AOP and subprocedures respectively in abnormal situations. Using these characteristics, we propose a rule-based diagnostic verification and re-diagnostic algorithm. The consistency of the sub-procedure diagnostic results was checked to filter the 'inconsistent', which may be incorrect diagnosis, and it was confirmed to improve accuracy by selecting second-best AOP and rediagnosis. Therefore, the model is expected to increase its applicability as an operator support system in that it can select appropriate AOP and sub-procedure and increase accuracy by own re-diagnosis.
Enhanced sliding mode controller for nonlinear systems

In this paper, we proposed a new chattering free and high robust sliding mode controller for nonlinear systems, unlike the conventional variable structure controller (CVSC) or sliding mode controller with boundary layer. The proposed controller uses an integration term of the error in the sliding surface and uses a continuously exponentially varying time term in the reaching low to eliminate the chattering problem also we use a discontinuous term to keep the robustness. A systematic design procedure of sliding mode controller for nonlinear system is presented and applied to a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) with friction model and limiters to verify superiority of the proposed controller. Feedback linearization technique, relative degree and minimum phase are reviewed.
Aperture‐coupled microstrip antennas loaded with very high permittivity ceramics

The use of very high permittivity ceramic materials (εr = 38, 80) to miniaturize an aperture‐coupled microstrip patch antenna is reported in this article. A loss of the antenna gain in such a technique is observed, and then a novel substrate‐superstrate structure is developed to enhance the gain. The whole process of gain enhancement is analyzed by using the finite‐difference time‐domain (FDTD) method. The simulations are excellently correlated with the experiments. They validate that the loss of the antenna gain can be recovered up to that of conventional microstrip antennas loaded with low permittivity materials (εr < 3). In addition, the performance comparison of the aperture‐coupled microstrip antenna of very high permittivity with the probe‐fed microstrip antenna of very high permittivity is presented. It is shown that the aperture‐coupled antenna has wider impedance and radiation bandwidths than the probe‐fed one while keeping the antenna gain at about the same level. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 13: 154–160, 2003.
Fake news identification

Fake news, deceptive information, and conspiracy theories are part of our everyday life. It is really hard to distinguish between false and valid information. As contemporary people receive the majority of information from electronic publications, in many cases fake information can seriously harm people’s health or economic status. This article will analyze the question of how up-to-date information technology can help detect false information. Our proposition is that today we do not have a perfect solution to identify fake news. There are quite a few methods employed for the discrimination of fake and valid information, but none of them is perfect. In our opinion, the reason is not in the weaknesses of the algorithms, but in the underlying human and social aspects.
Harvesting energy from airflow with a michromachined piezoelectric harvester inside a Helmholtz resonator

In this paper we report an airflow energy harvester that combines a piezoelectric energy harvester with a Helmholtz resonator. The resonator converts airflow energy to air oscillations which in turn are converted into electrical energy by a piezoelectric harvester. Two Helmholtz resonators with adjustable resonance frequencies have been designed—one with a solid bottom and one with membrane on the bottom. The resonance frequencies of the resonators were matched to the complementing piezoelectric harvesters during harvesting. The aim of the presented work is a feasibility study on using packaged piezoelectric energy harvesters with Helmholtz resonators for airflow energy harvesting. The maximum energy we were able to obtain was 42.2 µW at 20 m s−1.
Effect of the Repetitions-In-Reserve Resistance Training Strategy on Bench Press Performance, Perceived Effort, and Recovery in Trained Men

Abstract Mangine, GT, Serafini, PR, Stratton, MT, Olmos, AA, VanDusseldorp, TA, and Feito, Y. Effect of the repetitions-in-reserve resistance training strategy on bench press performance, perceived effort, and recovery in trained men. J Strength Cond Res 36(1): 1–9, 2022—This study examined the effects of the repetitions-in-reserve (RIR) strategy on resistance exercise performance, perceived effort, and recovery. Fourteen resistance-trained men (24.6 ± 3.0 years, 176 ± 5 cm, 85.7 ± 14.0 kg) completed 2 bench press protocols in a randomized crossover fashion. The protocols consisted of 4 sets at 80% of 1 repetition maximum (1RM) to a self-reported 3-RIR and a fifth set to failure or all 5 sets to failure (0-RIR). Barbell kinetics (velocity, rate of force development, and impulse), repetition volume, total work, and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) were quantified on each set. Barbell kinetics were reassessed during one set of 3 repetitions at 80% 1RM completed at 24-hour, 48-hour, and 72-hour postexercise. Blood samples were collected before and after exercise at 6 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours and analyzed for concentrations of creatine kinase (CK). Separate, 2-way repeated-measures analysis of variance revealed significant interactions (p < 0.001) where 3-RIR better maintained repetitions and work at greater average velocity (+0.6 m·s−1) and lower RPE (0-RIR = 10; 3-RIR = 8.2) across all sets. No differences were seen between conditions for CK at 6 hours postexercise (3-RIR: 32.2 ± 55.3%; 0-RIR: 40.8 ± 66.0%) or for CK and barbell kinetics at 24 hours to 72 hours postexercise. Although no differences were seen for recovery, the RIR strategy enabled work to be better sustained across sets at a lower perceived effort and higher average velocity. This strategy could be used to manage fatigue and better sustain effort and volume during a resistance training session.
Big Data Visualization by MapReduce for Discovering the Relationship Between Pollutant Gases

Big data mining and pollution are extremely important issues in todays. An innovative method in this study was used for visually discovering the relationship between pollutant gases by MapReduce. One dimensional, two-dimensional, and three-dimensional visualization used to visualize the data, that was processed as an hourly reading for one year from an air quality monitoring station to study the behaviors of pollutant gases distribution, and to show graphically the distribution of one, two, or three gases. The number of readings used in this paper are 8760 hourly readings for each of the five pollutant gases under this study. Pearson correlation used to explore numerically the correlation between the pollutant gases, and eta factor used to evaluate the effect of one gas on the other pollutant gases. We found out by both methods, visually and numerically the same facts that related between the pollutant gasses. The ozone has a moderate negative correlation of value -0.622 with nitrogen dioxide, and weak negative correlation of value -0.248 with carbon monoxide, and -0.155 with carbon dioxide. Ozone has approximately no correlation of value . 060 with silver dioxide. The carbon monoxide has moderate positive correlation of value 0.364 with carbon dioxide. The eta factor between ozone and nitrogen dioxide is very weak of values 0.292, and 0.009 with Sulphur dioxide, this proved an important fact that the ozone, nitrogen dioxide, and Sulphur dioxide sources are different. The study recommends that each country must analysis visually and numerical the big data that was collected yearly from the monitoring stations to control the pollution gases especially near the large industrial factories.
Epistemic analysis of high school science teachers’ class talks

ABSTRACT An increasing number of studies in science education have proved the positive effects of students’ epistemic beliefs on their academic achievements and self-efficacy. Despite the critical roles of teachers’ classroom talks on shaping students’ epistemic beliefs, little research has explored teachers’ talks from epistemic perspectives. Therefore, this study undertook an epistemic analysis of two high school science teachers’ class talks in China. The findings show the teachers’ talks were focused on ‘constructing knowledge’ practices, with very few of ‘explanation’ operation. In the observed classes, teachers led most ‘description’ and ‘argument’ operations, while the students were involved in a low level of epistemic load. The epistemic features of teachers’ talks were influenced by both exam pressures and teachers’ pedagogical beliefs. This study argues that the latter was undermined by exam pressures in education systems and was neglected in the current teacher education system. This study indicates the context-dependent nature of teachers’ epistemic talks in science classes and advocates the explicit teaching of epistemic cognition in teacher education courses.
The Application of Fuzzy ANP in the Development of New Product Decision-Making - A Case Study of the Solar Module Industry

Due to the increasing advancement in technology and limited resources as well as environment being polluted at the same time, the natural solar energy, which has the advantage of environmental protection and being the newly developed approach, will become the rushing field of study around the world in order to implement energy efficiency and reduce carbon pollution. In the meantime, the solar industry technology and new product development have become the considerations to the survival and competitiveness of enterprises. In this study, literature review and expert interviews are utilized to obtain five major key dimensions and 19 subordinate criteria regarding new product development. The Interpretive Structural Model (ISM) is employed to obtain the dimension-dimension and criterion-criterion dependence relationship, and used the Fuzzy Analytic Network Process (Fuzzy ANP) to determine the top priority weight for assessment improvement in the new product development solutions of the enterprises.
Transformation: growing role of sensor networks in defense applications

The Department of Defense (DoD) is undergoing a transformation. What began as theoretical thinking, under the notion of a Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA) is now beginning to manifest itself in a “Transformation. ” The overall goal of the transformation described in Joint Vision 2020 is the creation of a force that is dominant across the full spectrum of military operations. The warfighting concept that will allow us to achieve Joint Vision 2020 operational capabilities is Network Centric Warfare (NCW). NCW is no less than the embodiment of an Information Age transformation of the DoD. It involves a new way of thinking about how we accomplish our missions, how we organize and interrelate, and how we acquire, field and use the systems that support us. It will involve ways of operating that have yet to be conceived, and it will employ technologies yet to be invented. NCW has the potential to increase warfighting capabilities by orders of magnitude, and it will do so by leveraging information superiority. A major condition to success is an infostructure that is robustly networked to support information collection, sharing and collaboration; which will require increased emphasis on sensor research, development and implementation. DARPA is taking steps today to research, develop and implement those sensor capabilities. The Multi-Body Control program is a step in that direction.
Plug-in power

The paper discusses on the issues regarding the charging of electric vehicles. The paper focusses on the challenges it presents to electric utility companies in terms of infrastructure development due to the substantial increase of load that the power grids have to handle. Additional concerns presented are with regards to the installation of recharging post and metering, and traffic regulation and road markings.
Whispering gallery dielectric resonator modes for W-band devices

The utilization of planar millimeter-wavelength whispering gallery dielectric resonator modes for the design of W-band directional filters and power combiners is studied. The device presented combines the output power of several millimeter-wavelength devices in a single step by means of whispering gallery dielectric resonator (DR) modes. At millimeter wavelengths the cylindrical DRs used on their conventional TE, TM, or hybrid modes are impractically small. When used in their whispering gallery modes (WGMs) these cylindrical DRs have dimensions larger than normal for millimeter wavelength. After a description of the WGM phenomena, both electromagnetic and circuit parameters of these resonators are defined when they are coupled with transmission lines. The analysis based on the ring resonator model makes it possible to predict the theoretical responses of any devices. Experimental results obtained for directional filters and for power combiners in W-band are given. >
Design of K-band Array Antenna for Satellite Communications

In this paper, microstrip patch antenna are proposed to implement K-band satellite communications. The microstrip feed line are inset into the radiation patch to match input impedance. Also the same current in each elements are excited by Kirchhoff`s low. The elements distance of proposed array antenna are optimized to minimize a mutual coupling and maximize a gain. A power divider network are employed to distribute T-junction divider. As result, the proposed antenna get gain of 14[dBi] at 10.525[GHz].
Design of a Microwave Bandpass Filter with Compact Size and Wide Stopband

This article presents a design of a microstrip bandpass filter (BPF) with a compact size and wide stopband. The wide stopband is achieved by suppressing the first and second harmonic resonance frequencies. The slow‐wave coupling stepped impedance resonator with cross‐coupled structure is adopted to design the BPF. The two‐resonator filter was fabricated with a 2.45‐GHz center frequency and 0.245‐GHz bandwidth using the Roger 4003C substrate. The device was simulated using the ADS design software. This device has shown a compact size and very low insertion loss. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:1860–1863, 2013
Behavioral modeling and simulation of RF LNA with VHDL-AMS

High-level RF design based on behaviorally described models allows the evaluation of the performance of the architecture and system at an early stage. It also serves as the top-down design methodology in a familiar circuit design environment. VHDL-AMS supports the time and frequency domain modeling and noise modeling which make the RF circuit and system modeling in VHDL-AMS possible. In this paper we represent a methodology to design and optimize RF LNA in VHDL-AMS to get a RF LNA model with flexible specification input and high fidelity to noise and nonlinearity issues. Some of the challenges encountered in the behavioral modeling and simulation of RF LNA will be discussed. Typical RF LNA characteristics, such as noise figure and nonlinearity are addressed.
Performance Analysis of Coded Reception in Multipath Fading Channels with Wavelet Packet Based OFDM Transmission

Abstract. Radio propagation on wireless channels depends on many static and dynamic factors like, buildings, trees, mountains, frequency of operation, velocity of mobile stations and interfering sources. Mathematical models for channel are considered for various communication functions like, predicting radio coverage, estimation of interferences from various sources, estimating the characteristics of an alternate transmitter and receiver, achievable data rates and for determining the location for wireless infrastructure. Signal propagation in fading channels cause degradation of signal QoS. OFDM is often used to mitigate fading effects in wireless channels; the paper describes the disadvantage of OFDM and provides a wavelet based solution to surmount it. The paper also investigates the BER vs. SNR performance of modified OFDM using wavelet packet in Rayleigh and Rician Channels and the results are compared with conventional OFDM.
Software Design Framework for Content Creation

Nowadays, the various kind of software packages that support content creation consumed in touch-type terminals as an application have come into the market. These softwares have a different style of user task compare to existing user task. The reason why difference style has been appeared for now is because interaction timing has a important role of both content creation and consumption. For this reason, in this paper, we propose a software UI design framework for content creation using MB-UID and UCD model based on task modeling. The proposed framework is made up of five steps: business rule model, creation role model, creation flow model, creation action model, presentation model. Through this framework, we handle the interaction between a content creator and software user interface at the content creation phase. At the same time, we consider a possible interaction type which can occur by consumers at the consumption phase in advance.
Technology Research about Beamforming of Multiple-Beam Array Antenna

Active phased array antenna (APAA) can realize multi-object tracking and the beamforming is the key technology. Multi-area array and the implement method of its beamforming are introduced in this paper. Coordinated transformation formula is offered based on engineering practice and beams are synthesized by beamforming algorithm of low sidelobe. Following simulation shows results about beam coverage, those provide theoretical basis for the further research.
Contents of Al, Cu, Fe, and Mo in Phalaris aquatica and Trifolium subterraneum grown on an unamended and amended gold-mine tailings-storage facility in central-western New South Wales, Australia

Phalaris aquatica and Trifolium subterraneum grown on a tailings-storage facility (control) and tailings-storage treated with either topsoil or biosolids in a gold–copper mine were analysed for Al, Cu, Fe, and Mo contents. Soil samples from the treatments were also tested for these metals and soil properties. Results indicated that higher levels of metals occurred in T. subterraneum than in P. aquatica; metal contents in both taxa were significantly greater in the control, and higher metal contents occurred in plants tested in May 2008 (autumn) compared with October 2008 (spring). A strong relationship existed between Cu, Fe, and Mo contents in T. subterraneum and Al content in the tested soils. A significant relationship was also observed between Al content in T. subterraneum and K, Na, and SO4 levels in the soils. We recommend that tailings soil be amended with either topsoil or biosolids before grazing livestock to reduce the risk of either mineral deficiencies or toxicities.