Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Öğretmen Adaylarının Beyin İşlevlerine İlişkin Doğru Bilinen Yanlışlarının/Nöromitlerinin Belirlenmesi: Hacettepe Üniversitesi Örneklemi

Bu araştırmanın amacı, Hacettepe Üniversitesi’nde farklı branşlarda (biyoloji, matematik ve bilgisayar ve öğretim teknolojileri eğitimi) öğrenim gören öğretmen adaylarının beyin işlevlerini anlamlandırmak amacıyla sahip oldukları doğru bilinen yanlışların (nöromitlerinin) belirlenmesidir. Araştırmanın örneklemi 56 öğretmen adayından oluşmaktadır. Araştırmanın veri toplama aracı olarak “Eğitsel Sinirbilime İlişkin Veri Toplama Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Bu ölçek, Dekker Lee, Howard - Jones ve Jolles (2012) tarafından beyin ve işleyişi ile geliştirdikleri 32 maddeden oluşan Gülsün ve Köseoğlu (2020) tarafından Türkçe’ye uyarlaması yapılan Eğitsel Sinirbilime İlişkin Veri Toplama Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın modeli, genel tarama modelinde ilişkisel bir çalışmadır. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre; öğretmen adaylarının genel olarak ilgili olmalarına rağmen konu hakkında oldukça az miktarda bilgi sahibi oldukları görülmüştür. Araştırma sonuçları, öğretmen adaylarının beynin yapısı ile ilgili konular hakkında sahip oldukları nöromitlerin öğretme sürecinde yanlış bilgileri çoğaltabileceği ve yeni nöromitlerin oluşumuna yol açabileceğine neden olacağını göstermektedir. Bu araştırmanın disiplinlerarası bir alan olan nöroeğitim uygulamalarına yönelik yapılacak yeni çalışmalara ve konuyla ilgili uygulamalara ışık tutarak eğitim bilimleri alanına katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
Continuous Faraday measurement of spin precession without light shifts

We describe a dispersive Faraday optical probe of atomic spin which performs a weak measurement of spin projection of a quantum gas continuously for more than one second. To date, focusing bright far-off-resonance probes onto quantum gases has proved invasive due to strong scalar and vector light shifts exerting dipole and Stern-Gerlach forces. We show that tuning the probe near the magic-zero wavelength at 790 nm between the fine-structure doublet of 87Rb cancels the scalar light shift, and careful control of polarization eliminates the vector light shift. Faraday rotations due to each fine-structure line reinforce at this wavelength, enhancing the signal-to-noise ratio for a fixed rate of probe-induced decoherence. Using this minimally invasive spin probe, we perform microscale atomic magnetometry at high temporal resolution. Spectrogram analysis of the Larmor precession signal of a single spinor Bose-Einstein condensate measures a time-varying magnetic field strength with 1 mu G accuracy every 5 ms; or, equivalently, makes more than 200 successive measurements each at 10 pT root Hz sensitivity.
Bounded Input - Bounded Output Stability of Nonlinear Time-Varying RC Networks

It is shown that if a nonlinear time-varying capacitor, whose incremental elastance is finite and greater than zero for all time, is embedded into a lumped linear passive time-invariant RC network, then the network is always bounded input-bounded output stable. In fact, if the input is periodic with period T, then the transient response asymptotically approaches a unique bounded periodic response with period T. This work was supported in part by the Joint Services Electronic Program (U.S. Army, U.S. Navy, and U.S. Air Force) under Contract No. DAAB-07-67-C-0199. itCoordinated Science Laboratory and Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801.
Ant Colony Optimization algorithm for determining the shortest routes to reduce distribution costs

Distribution is an important activity that companies need to pay attention to. Improper planning for distribution activities can potentially waste both cost and time. Determining the shortest distribution route could help companies effectively reduce distribution costs. This research was conducted on a small and medium enterprise (SME) located in Rangkasbitung, Indonesia that sells various types of bread. Distribution activities carried out by Jaya Roti were found to be still conventional, while the distribution carried out to the city of Serang has many locations and complex route combinations. This research utilized the metaheuristic method of Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) with MATLAB software to determine the shortest route, which is included in the Travel Salesman Problem (TSP). The result of the shortest route determination was a total distance of 93,484 Km with an efficiency rate of 26.97% and a resulting cost of IDR 170,795.
3-D near-field imaging of guided modes in nanophotonic waveguides

Abstract Highly evanescent waveguides with a subwavelength core thickness present a promising lab-on-chip solution for generating nanovolume trapping sites using overlapping evanescent fields. In this work, we experimentally studied Si3N4 waveguides whose sub-wavelength cross-sections and high aspect ratios support fundamental and higher order modes at a single excitation wavelength. Due to differing modal effective indices, these co-propagating modes interfere and generate beating patterns with significant evanescent field intensity. Using near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM), we map the structure of these beating modes in three dimensions. Our results demonstrate the potential of NSOM to optimize waveguide design for complex field trapping devices. By reducing the in-plane width, the population of competing modes decreases, resulting in a simplified spectrum of beating modes, such that waveguides with a width of 650 nm support three modes with two observed beats. Our results demonstrate the potential of NSOM to optimize waveguide design for complex field trapping devices.
Which types have a unique inhabitant

Some programming language features (coercions, type-classes, implicits) rely on inferring a part of the code that is determined by its usage context. In order to better understand the theoretical underpinnings of this mechanism, we ask: when is it the case that there is a *unique* program that could have been guessed, or in other words that all possible guesses result in equivalent program fragments? Which types have a unique inhabitant? To approach the question of unicity, we build on work in proof theory on more canonical representation of proofs. Using the proofs-as-programs correspondence, we can adapt the logical technique of focusing to obtain more canonical program representations. In the setting of simply-typed lambda-calculus with sums and the empty type, equipped with the strong beta-eta-equivalence, we show that uniqueness is decidable. We present a saturating focused logic that introduces irreducible cuts on positive types “as soon as possible”. Goal-directed proof search in this logic gives an effective algorithm that returns either zero, one or two distinct inhabitants for any given type.
How is a global sensitivity analysis of a catchment-scale, distributed pesticide transfer model performed? Application to the PESHMELBA model

Abstract. Pesticide transfers in agricultural catchments are responsible for diffuse but major risks to water quality. Spatialized pesticide transfer models are useful tools to assess the impact of the structure of the landscape on water quality. Before considering using these tools in operational contexts, quantifying their uncertainties is a preliminary necessary step. In this study, we explored how global sensitivity analysis could be applied to the recent PESHMELBA pesticide transfer model to quantify uncertainties on transfer simulations. We set up a virtual catchment based on a real one, and we compared different approaches for sensitivity analysis that could handle the specificities of the model: a high number of input parameters and a limited size of sample due to computational cost and spatialized output. After a preliminary screening step, we calculated Sobol' indices obtained from polynomial chaos expansion, Hilbert–Schmidt independence criterion (HSIC) dependence measures and feature importance measures obtained from random forest surrogate model. Results from the different methods were compared regarding both the information they provide and their computational cost. Sensitivity indices were first computed for each landscape element (site sensitivity indices). Second, we proposed to aggregate them at the hillslope and the catchment scale in order to get a summary of the model sensitivity and a valuable insight into the model hydrodynamic behaviour. Conclusions about the advantages and disadvantages of each method may help modellers to conduct global sensitivity analysis on other such modular and distributed hydrological models as there has been a growing interest in these approaches in recent years.
An Optimal Dynamic Control Method for an Isolated Intersection Using Fuzzy Systems

Traffic flow systems are nonlinear and uncertain, so it is very difficult to find their optimal points. In traditional traffic control systems, the traffic lights of crossings change in a fixed time period that is not optimal. On the other hand, most proposed systems are sufficiently capable of coping with the uncertainties of traffic flow. To solve this problem, there is a need to develop expert systems that can manage the traffic flow of intersections in terms of its actual conditions in a normal and emergency situation. This paper introduces an optimal dynamic and smart eight-phase traffic light control system using fuzzy controllers in which the capability of fuzzy systems with human-like decision-making process is exploited. This algorithm reduces the waiting time of the vehicles in intersection queues and in traffic congestion by the strategy of optimal green light durations and dynamic phasing based on the lanes with heavier traffic and the critical conditions like the entrance of emergency vehicles into the intersection. At the same time, it keeps the simplicity and avoids computational complexity. This method is simulated for an isolated intersection based on the traffic feature and the random data input rate to determine the dynamic timing of the traffic light and optimal phases with the smart fuzzy method using MATLAB Software Package (Matlab, 2013). This approach assessed the proposed method of intersection traffic control in terms of efficiency and traffic density against the constant-timing system and four-phase system proposed by some researchers. The results show that the proposed method can be effective in improving intersection traffic control systems.
A novel algorithm for pose estimation based on generalized orthogonal iteration with uncertainty-weighted measuring error of feature points

Abstract In this paper, we investigate the effect of anisotropic and correlated non-identical distributions of feature points’ gray level on pose estimation in stereo vision system. The generalized orthogonal iteration (GOI) algorithm for pose estimation with uncertainty-weighted measuring error of feature target is proposed. In this method, the inverse covariance matrix is applied to describe the uncertainty of feature points, and weighted contribution of uncertainty to the error objective function is analysed. By transforming the uncertainty into the covariance-weighted data space, a novel objective function based on spatial collinear error is constructed. The orthogonal iterative algorithm is extended to stereo vision system for pose estimation and the GOI algorithm is deduced, by which the optimized solution to a novel objective function is given. Finally, simulation and actual experimental results show high accuracy and strong robustness of the proposed approach, and should therefore, have potential for a variety of engineering applications.
Mendeteksi Anomali Menggunakan Algoritma Holt-Winters berdasarkan Tingkat Keyakinan dari Teorema Bayes

Trafik bisa diartikan sebgai suatu informasi yang berpindah dari trtansmitter ke receiver. Jaringan trafik tidak bisa dipastikan secara akurat kapan terjadinya suatu keadaan dilyar batas normal trafik terebut. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan pendeteksian anomali yang terjadi pada masa yang akan datang pada suatu jaringa menggunakan algoritma Holt-Winters. Algortima ini membutuhkan minimum satu deret data dalam satu musim sebelumnya, untuk memprediksi musim berikutnya. Hasil prediksi yang dihasilkanpun tidak akan menyamai dengan jumlah deret data yang sebelumnya dikarenakan sistem yang dihasilkan akan menurun tingkat keakuratannya. Bisa dilihat pada hasil bahwa deret data hasil prediksi ini mempunyai nilai akurasi sebesar untuk ftp 91%, untuk ftp-data 89% dan untuk telnet 88%.
Adaptive Saturated Path Following Control of Underactuated AUV With Unmodeled Dynamics and Unknown Actuator Hysteresis

This article addresses the three-dimensional (3-D) path-following problem of underactuated autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) in the presence of multiple uncertainties and nonlinearities, including unmodeled dynamics, actuator hysteresis, input saturation, and oceanic disturbance. First, the AUV kinetic model is reconstructed as a second-order nonlinear system by coupling the smooth saturation function and hysteresis dynamics of actuators. Second, the 3-D tracking error is derived in a simplified manner based on the relative motion theory. Then the approach angle-based symmetrical hyperbolic-tangent line-of-sight (SHLOS) guidance and kinematic control scheme are designed to ensure the global asymptotic stability of the kinematic system. Third, two sets of kinetic control schemes are designed without prior knowledge of AUV dynamics and disturbance, where the Nussbaum gain technique is applied to deal with the unknown hysteresis parameter. The application of the reconstructed kinetic model avoids the degraded performance caused by actuator nonlinearities. The first scheme is improved by adaptively estimating the bound of the generalized disturbance-like term which lumps the unmodeled dynamics, external disturbance, and saturation approximation error. The improved scheme guarantees the global stability of the system and transient tracking performance. Finally, comparative simulation studies under dynamic oceanic environments prove the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed control schemes.
The Dynamical Stability for an Evolutionary Language Game under Selection-Mutation Dynamics

We present complete results pertaining to the dynamical stability for sender-receiver games following Lewis (1969), and Nowak and Krakauer (1999) under the selection-mutation dynamics. Our research reveals that two distinct classes of neutrally stable strategies have a distinguishing feature of the dynamic stability. The rest points close to the strategies of these classes are asymptotically stable and all rest points other than these are not.
NONSMOOTH ANALYSIS OF DYNAMICS OF A PIECEWISE LINEAR SYSTEM

分析了分段线性系统的非光滑向量场对Ｐｏｉｎｃａｒｅ映射可微性的影响以及由此产生的复杂动力学行为．研究表明：当周期运动接近鞍结及其退化分叉或以很低速度穿过两线性区的切换面时，这类系统的动力学行为显著有别于具有光滑向量场的系统
Accidental hypothermia and related factors among burned patients

INTRODUCTION: Early diagnosis, control and management of hypothermia are decisive in the outcome of burns. Various factors play a role in creating or aggravating accidental hypothermia in these patients. This study was conducted with the aim of determining accidental hypothermia prevalence and related factors among burned patients referred to Shahid Motahhari Hospital in Tehran, Iran in 2021. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this prospective observational study, 151 burn patients who were transferred to the emergency department by EMS were selected through available sampling from February 2021 to August 2021. Data was collected and recorded in three areas (pre-hospital, emergency ward, and burn center) through observation and interview of patients and their relations and review of records from admission to discharge. The ambient temperature and core body temperature (CBT) of the patients was measured by a calibrated tympanic thermometer at the time of arrival. Individual, clinical, environmental, and care variables were investigated as factors related to hypothermia. The research data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics such as Pearson correlation, chi-score, and multiple linear regression by SPSS software version 22. A significance level of less than 0.05 was considered. RESULTS: Forty-seven percent of patients had a CBT of less than 36 degrees Celsius at arrival. Through multiple linear regression, 15 independent variables were entered with the backward model. Only the kind of airway management ( β = –0.296, p < 0.001), and volume of fluids received ( β = 0.144, p = 0.082) were as predicting factors for accidental hypothermia in burn patients. CONCLUSIONS: About half of the patients were hypothermic at the time of admission. Optimizing care in pre-hospital and burn departments and empowering the healthcare team in the assessment of burn patients, and early detection, prevention, and proper management of accidental hypothermia are highly expected.
The Role of Non-Contrast CT in the Diagnosis of a Rare Cause of Small Bowel Obstruction Due to Bezoar

Contrast Enhanced CT Abdomen is usually used to investigate the source of the small bowel obstruction. A 13-year old girl presented with signs of small bowel obstruction and was complicated with acute renal injury. Non-contrast CT Abdomen showed findings consistent with bezoar, and the findings are similar to the features seen in a contrast study. This case shows that both the plain and the contrast CT abdomen give similar findings of bezoar, one not inferior to the other.
An Investigation of the Clothoid Steering Model for Autonomous Vehicles

The clothoid, also known as the Cornu spiral, is a curve generated by linearly increasing or decreasing curvature as a function of arc length. The clothoid has been widely accepted as a logical curve for transitioning from straight segments to circle arcs in roads and railways, because a vehicle following the curve at constant speed will have a constant change of centripetal acceleration. Clothoids have also been widely adopted in planning potential paths for autonomous vehicle navigation. They have been viewed as useful representations of possible trajectories that are dynamically feasible. Surprisingly, the assumptions that underlie this choice appear to be lightly treated or ignored in past literature. This thesis will examine three key assumptions that are implicitly made when assuming that a vehicle will follow a clothoid path. The first assumption is that the vehicle’s steering mechanism will produce a linear change in turning radius for a constant rate input. This assumption is loosely referred to as the “bicycle model” and it relates directly to the kinematic parameters of the steering mechanism. The second assumption is that the steering actuator can provide a constant steering velocity. In other words, the actuator controlling the steering motion can instantaneously change from one rate to another. The third assumption is that the vehicle is traveling at a constant velocity. By definition, the clothoid is a perfect representation of a vehicle traveling at constant velocity with a constant rate of change in steering curvature. The goal of this research was to examine the accuracy of these assumptions for a typical Ackermannsteered ground vehicle. Both theoretical and experimental results are presented. The vehicle that was used as an example in this study was a modified Club Car Pioneer XRT 1500. This Ackermann-steered vehicle was modified for autonomous navigation and was one of Virginia Tech’s entries in the DARPA 2005 Grand Challenge. As in typical operation, path planning was conducted using the classic clothoid curve model. The vehicle was then commanded to drive a selected path, but with variations in speed and steering rate that are
A new quartic B-spline method for third–order self-adjoint singularly perturbed boundary value problems

In this paper, a reliable algorithm is presented to develop approximate solution of third-order self-adjoint singularly perturbed two-point boundary value problem in which the highest order derivative is multiplied by a small parameter. In this method, first we introduce the Quartic B-spline basis function in the form of ( ) i B x . After that we use the linear sequence of Quartic B-spline to get the numerical solution of system of equations. These systems of equations are solved by using MATLAB. Two Examples are illustrated to understand the present method. The results of these examples are also compared with the available results obtained by Ghazala Akram [1]. Mathematics Subject Classification: 65N20
Resident Travel Analysis based on GPS Trajectory

Taxi is an important means of transportation, and its trajectory data contains a wealth of travel information. Taxi trajectory data processed by trajectory data mining technology can reflect residents' activity rules and behavior patterns, so as to provide a reference for urban planning decisions. with its wide coverage, high sampling rate, good location accuracy, large data scale and rich information, taxi trajectory data has been widely used in traffic management, urban planning, user behavior analysis and intelligent transportation. Analyze the characteristics of residents' travel demand from two dimensions: time and space. Analysis of travel demand time characteristics. firstly, analyze the overall demand characteristics of residents, and secondly, analyze the demand characteristics of residents on workdays and rest days; In the analysis of spatial characteristics of travel demand, the static and dynamic spatial characteristics of residents are analyzed separately.
Fuzzy Computing from Quantum Computing - Case Study in Reichenbach Implication Class

This paper shows that quantum computing extends the class of fuzzy sets, taking advantage of properties such as quantum parallelism. The central idea associates the states of a quantum register with membership functions of fuzzy subsets, and the rules for the processes of fuzzyfication are performed by unitary quantum transformations. Besides studying the construction of logical operators, such as negation, using quantum, this paper also introduces the definition of t-norms and t-conorms based on unitary and controlled quantum gates. Such constructors allow modelling and interpreting union, intersection and difference between fuzzy sets. As the main contribution, an interpretation for the Reichenbach implication from quantum computing is obtained. An evaluation of the corresponding computation is implemented and simulated in the VPE-qGM visual programming environment.
The Social Effects of Entrepreneurship on Society and Some Potential Remedies: Four Provocations

A rapidly growing research stream examines the social effects of entrepreneurship on society. This research assesses the rise of entrepreneurship as a dominant theme in society and studies how entrepreneurship contributes to the production and acceptance of socio-economic inequality regimes, social problems, class and power struggles, and systemic inequities. In this article, scholars present new perspectives on an organizational sociology-inspired research agenda of entrepreneurial capitalism and detail the potential remedies to bound the unfettered expansion of a narrow conception of entrepreneurship. Taken together, the essays put forward four central provocations: 1) reform the study and pedagogy of entrepreneurship by bringing in the humanities; 2) examine entrepreneurship as a cultural phenomenon shaping society; 3) go beyond the dominant biases in entrepreneurship research and pedagogy; and 4) explore alternative models to entrepreneurial capitalism. More scholarly work scrutinizing the entrepreneurship–society nexus is urgently needed, and these essays provide generative arguments toward further developing this research agenda.