Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Microbiota associated with urban forests

Urban forests are essential for maintaining urban ecological stability. As decomposers, soil microorganisms play an indispensable role in the stability of urban forest ecosystems, promoting the material cycle of the ecosystems. This study used high-throughput sequencing technology to explore the bacteria in six forest stands, including Phyllostachys edulis (ZL), Metasequoia glyptostroboides (SSL), Cornus officinalis (SZY), mixed broad-leaved shrub forest (ZKG), mixed pine and cypress forest (SBL), and mixed broad-leaved tree forest (ZKQ). Meanwhile, the differences in fungal communities were investigated. The results show that ZL has the highest alpha diversity of bacterial communities, while its fungal community is the lowest; Proteobacteria is the most abundant bacterial phylum in the six forest stands; ZKQ has the highest fungal diversity. In addition, soil microbial communities are affected by environmental factors. Soil pH, organic matter (SOM), and available phosphorus (AP) significantly influence the compositions of urban forest soil microbial communities. This study revealed the differences in bulk soil (BS) microbial community structures among six forest stands and the relationship between environmental factors and soil microbial communities, which has important guiding significance for creating healthy and stable urban forests with profound ecological benefits.
Ecological Flow Assessment to Improve the Spawning Habitat for the Four Major Species of Carp of the Yangtze River: A Study on Habitat Suitability Based on Ultrasonic Telemetry

Four major species of Chinese carp, namely black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus), grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus), silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis), are important economic freshwater fish varieties in China. They primarily inhabit and breed in the Yangtze River. Unfortunately, the construction and operation of the Gezhouba Dam and the Three Gorges Dam have dramatically changed the hydrodynamic conditions in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, leading to a sharp decline in the reproduction rates of these carp. The egg abundance of the four species of carp downstream from the Three Gorges Dam reached 8.35 billion in 1965, but abundance during 2005–2012 was only 0.25 billion. One of the main reasons was that the hydrodynamic conditions of the spawning ground could not meet the four species’ breeding requirements. However, due to the limitations of traditional detection tools, the spawning characteristics of these four species of carp were still unclear. In this study, the ultrasonic telemetry and a three–dimensional hydrodynamic model were utilized to build the habitat suitability index (HSI) curves for the four species of carp. The habitat suitability model was then built based on HSI curves to assess spawning habitat quantity under different flow conditions. Finally, the habitat suitability model in the Yidu spawning ground was validated using 32 groups of sampling data in 2015 and 2017. The statistical results showed that the most suitable velocity ranged from 0.78 m/s to 0.93 m/s. The most suitable water depth ranged from 14.56 m to 16.35 m, and the most suitable Froude number ranged from 0.049 to 0.129. The habitat suitability model simulation results indicated that when the discharge was between 15,000 m3/s and 21,300 m3/s, the weighted usable area (WUA) values in both the Yidu and Zhicheng spawning grounds would remain at a high level. The validation results showed that most spawning activities occurred at a high level of WUA, and that the daily spawning egg numbers increased with the WUA value. Therefore, discharges of between 15,000 m3/s and 21,300 m3/s could be recommended as ecological operation target flows. We propose a feasible ecological operation scheme by setting the initial flow at 15,000 m3/s and maintaining the daily discharge increase at 1500 m3/s for 4 days.
Achieving Better Understanding of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Treatment Effects on Cardiovascular Disease Outcomes through Machine Learning Approaches: A Narrative Review

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) affects almost a billion people worldwide and is associated with a myriad of adverse health outcomes. Among the most prevalent and morbid are cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Nonetheless, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of OSA treatment have failed to show improvements in CVD outcomes. A major limitation in our field is the lack of precision in defining OSA and specifically subgroups with the potential to benefit from therapy. Further, this has called into question the validity of using the time-honored apnea–hypopnea index as the ultimate defining criteria for OSA. Recent applications of advanced statistical methods and machine learning have brought to light a variety of OSA endotypes and phenotypes. These methods also provide an opportunity to understand the interaction between OSA and comorbid diseases for better CVD risk stratification. Lastly, machine learning and specifically heterogeneous treatment effects modeling can help uncover subgroups with differential outcomes after treatment initiation. In an era of data sharing and big data, these techniques will be at the forefront of OSA research. Advanced data science methods, such as machine-learning analyses and artificial intelligence, will improve our ability to determine the unique influence of OSA on CVD outcomes and ultimately allow us to better determine precision medicine approaches in OSA patients for CVD risk reduction. In this narrative review, we will highlight how team science via machine learning and artificial intelligence applied to existing clinical data, polysomnography, proteomics, and imaging can do just that.
Efficacy of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy as an adjunct periodontal intervention in periodontally diseased subjects undergoing orthodontic therapy

Photodynamic therapy in fixed orthodontic patients with gingival disease might be beneficial, being non-invasive and having accessibility to difficulty to reach areas like, interdental region with the presence of wires and brackets. This systematic review was designed to analyze the available evidence on the efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy as an adjunct to scaling in reduction of gingival inflammation in periodontally diseased subjects undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment. Comprehensive search was conducted in electronic databases like PubMed, Scopus and Google scholar along with hand search in relevant journals. Five studies satisfied the criteria and were included in qualitative synthesis of the systematic review. The results of the primary outcome showed adjunctive aPDT did not result in any difference in reduction of gingival inflammation (BOP) compared to scaling alone in fixed orthodontic patients. Only one study showed a significant reduction of gingival inflammation with aPDT, whereas it was better in the scaling group (one study) or no significant difference (3 study) in the other studies. However, aPDT resulted in significant reduction of most of the bacterial species count and proinflammatory cytokine levels in GCF compared to scaling alone. Within the limitations of this systematic review, there is no clear evidence that aPDT adjunctive to scaling has a better effect in reducing gingival inflammation in fixed orthodontic patients. Future studies addressing this area should focus on well planned standardized, long term RCTs that will aid clinicians in making a more evidence - based decision.
Maneuvering Characteristics of Bilateral Amplitude–Asymmetric Flapping Motion Based on a Bat-Inspired Flexible Wing

Flapping-wing micro air vehicles (FWMAVs) have gained much attention from researchers due to their exceptional performance at low Reynolds numbers. However, the limited understanding of active aerodynamic modulation in flying creatures has hindered their maneuverability from reaching that of their biological counterparts. In this article, experimental investigations were conducted to examine the effect of the bilateral amplitude asymmetry of flexible flapping wings. A reduced bionic model featuring bat-like wings is built, and a dimensionless number ΔΦ* is introduced to scale the degree of bilateral amplitude asymmetry in flapping motion. The experimental results suggest that the bilateral amplitude–asymmetric flapping motion primarily induces maneuvering control forces of coupling roll moment and yaw moment. Also, roll moment and yaw moment have a good linear relationship. To achieve more efficient maneuvers based on this asymmetric motion, it is advisable to maintain ΔΦ* within the range of 0 to 0.4. The magnitude of passive pitching deformation during the downstroke is significantly greater than that during the upstroke. The phase of the peak of the passive pitching angle advances with the increase in flapping amplitude, while the valleys lag. And the proportion of pronation and supination in passive pitching motion cannot be adjusted by changing the flapping amplitude. These findings have important practical relevance for regulating turning maneuvers based on amplitude asymmetry and help to understand the active aerodynamic modulation mechanism through asymmetric wing kinematics.
Pilot trial results of D-HOMES: a behavioral-activation based intervention for diabetes medication adherence and psychological wellness among people who have been homeless

Introduction People living with type 2 diabetes who experience homelessness face a myriad of barriers to engaging in diabetes self-care behaviors that lead to premature complications and death. This is exacerbated by high rates of comorbid mental illness, substance use disorder, and other physical health problems. Despite strong evidence to support lay health coach and behavioral activation, little research has effectively engaged people living with type 2 diabetes who had experienced homelessness (DH). Methods We used community engaged research and incremental behavioral treatment development to design the Diabetes HOmeless MEdication Support (D-HOMES) program, a one-on-one, 3 month, coaching intervention to improve medication adherence and psychological wellness for DH. We present results of our pilot randomized trial (with baseline, 3 mo., 6 mo. assessments) comparing D-HOMES to enhanced usual care (EUC; brief diabetes education session and routine care; NCT05258630). Participants were English-speaking adults with type 2 diabetes, current/recent (<24 mo.) homelessness, and an HbA1c‗7.5%. We focused on feasibility (recruitment, retention, engagement) and acceptability (Client Satisfaction Questionnaire, CSQ-8). Our primary clinical outcome was glycemic control (HbA1c) and primary behavioral outcome was medication adherence. Secondary outcomes included psychological wellness and diabetes self-care. Results Thirty-six eligible participants enrolled, 18 in each arm. Most participants identified as Black males, had high rates of co-morbidities, and lived in subsidized housing. We retained 100% of participants at 3-months, and 94% at 6-months. Participants reported high satisfaction (mean CSQ-8 scores=28.64 [SD 3.94] of 32). HbA1c reduced to clinically significant levels in both groups, but we found no between group differences. Mean blood pressure improved more in D-HOMES than EUC between baseline and 6 mo. with between group mean differences of systolic -19.5 mmHg (p=0.030) and diastolic blood pressure -11.1 mmHg (p=0.049). We found no significant between group differences in other secondary outcomes. Conclusion We effectively recruited and retained DH over 6 months. Data support that the D-HOMES intervention was acceptable and feasible. We observe preliminary blood pressure improvement favoring D-HOMES that were statistically and clinically significant. D-HOMES warrants testing in a fully powered trial which could inform future high quality behavioral trials to promote health equity. Clinical trial registration https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05258630? term=D-HOMES&rank=1, identifier NCT05258630.
Desarrollo de un agente inteligente ontológico para la clasificación y recuperación de información textual de documentos

The research problem addressed in this work is the classification and retrieval of information, and that given the vast amount of knowledge accumulated from various sources and the need to get the most relevant to our needs since it is a subject that has had a growing interest from researchers. Therefore, there is need to look for new alternatives that provide solutions to this problem, so in this research to solve this problem has been proposed to develop an agent that relying on ontologies, meets the needs of information through pre-qualification documents in plain text, which then respond to these needs for information made by a query. By analyzing the results obtained during tests, it was determined that the solution proposed in this research can be considered as a good alternative classification and subsequent retrieval of information, as it has an effectiveness rate of 60%. Upon completion of this investigation, it was meet the overall objective, which was to be able to classify and later retrieve information by using intelligent agent supported ontologies, and thus also tested the hypothesis
The Dark and Gloomy Brain: Grey Matter Volume Alterations in Major Depressive Disorder–Fine-Grained Meta-Analyses

Background. While the brain correlates of major depressive disorder (MDD) have been extensively studied, there is no consensus conclusion so far. Various meta-analyses tried to determine the most consistent findings, but the results are often discordant for grey matter volume (GMV) atrophy and hypertrophy. Applying rigorous and stringent inclusion criteria and controlling for confounding factors, such as the presence of anxiety comorbidity, we carried out two novel meta-analyses on the existing literature to unveil MDD signatures. Methods. A systematic literature search was performed up to January 2023. Seventy-three studies on MDD patients reporting GMV abnormalities were included in the first meta-analysis, for a total of 6167 patients and 6237 healthy controls (HC). To test the effects of anxiety comorbidity, we conducted a second meta-analysis, by adding to the original pure MDD sample a new cohort of MDD patients with comorbid anxiety disorders (308 patients and 342 HC). An activation likelihood estimation (ALE) analysis and a coordinate-based mapping approach separate for atrophy and hypertrophy were used to identify common brain structural alterations among patients. Results. The pure MDD sample exhibited atrophy in the left insula, as well as hypertrophy in the bilateral amygdala and parahippocampal gyri. When we added patients with comorbid anxiety to the original sample, bilateral insula atrophy emerged, whereas the hypertrophy results were not replicated. Conclusions. Our findings revealed important structural alterations in pure MDD patients, particularly in the insula and amygdala, which play key roles in sensory input integration and in emotional processing, respectively. Additionally, the amygdala and parahippocampal gyrus hypertrophy may be related to MDD functional overactivation to emotional stimuli, rumination, and overactive self-referential thinking. Conversely, the presence of anxiety comorbidity revealed separate effects which were not seen in the pure MDD sample, underscoring the importance of strict inclusion criteria for investigations of disorder-specific effects.
Consequences of plateau pika disturbance on plant-soil carbon and nitrogen in alpine meadows

The presence of burrowing mammals can have extensive effects on plants and soils, creating bare soil patches in alpine meadows and potentially altering plant-soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N). This study focuses on the plateau pika (Ochotona curzoniae) to examine the responses of plant-soil C and N to a small burrowing mammal from quadrat scale to plot scale. The density of active burrow entrances in disturbed plots was used as an indicator of the disturbance intensity of plateau pikas. The study found that the below-ground biomass (BGB) and its C and N, as well as soil C and N concentrations were significantly lower in bare soil areas than in vegetated areas and undisturbed plots. This shows that the quadrat scale limited the estimation of the C and N sequestration potential. Therefore, further research on the plot scale found that the disturbance by plateau pika significantly reduced plant biomass and BGB carbon stock. However, plateau pika did not affect soil C and N stocks or ecosystem C and N stocks. These findings suggest the bare soil patches formed by plateau pika caused plant and soil heterogeneity but had a trade-off effect on plant-soil C and N stocks at the plot scale. Nevertheless, moderate disturbance intensity increased the C and N sequestration potential in grassland ecosystems. These results provide a possible way to estimate how disturbance by small burrowing mammals affects C and N cycling in grassland ecosystems while accurately assessing the effects of small burrowing mammal densities on C and N in grassland ecosystems.
COMFORT CHARACTER OF LANDSCAPE FEATURES OF TRADITIONAL STREETS IN AMMAN, JORDAN

Fast expanding of urban development changes the street function and gives priority for vehicles, which effects the urban fabric and cultural life of the city. It makes walking in the street difficult and uncomfortable. Hence, this research aims to explore the influence of landscape features towards comfort character of traditional streets in Amman, Jordan. The case study was Rainbow Street in Amman, the capital city in Jordan. Mixed-method approach was used in this study, which involved direct observation (visual and behavioural) and user perception (survey and in-depth interviews) techniques. The data was analysed through thematic analyses for qualitative data and descriptive statistics for quantitative data. The results show that landscape features that contribute towards comfort character could be divided into two main categories, namely, pedestrian amenities and sidewalk. This should be taken into consideration in the design of the existing and future streets in Jordan.
Influence of artificial infiltration on the removal of surfactants from surface waters

Surfactants present in natural surface waters negatively affect the self-purification processes of water due to foaming, oxygen deficiency and eutrophication of water reservoirs. Consumed with water, they adversely affect human health. The purpose of the research conducted in the period from 2019 to 2022 was to determine the effectiveness of removing anionic and non-ionic surfactants in the process of artificial infiltration carried out at surface water intakes. The research was carried out on an experimental field installation located at the surface water infiltration intake. The experimental installation consisted of three metering wells (piezometers) located on the way between the infiltration pond and the collecting well. Water samples collected from the pond, from piezometers and from the well allowed to assess the change in concentrations of selected surfactants during the flow of water through the ground from the pond to the well. The analysis of the content of non-ionic surfactants was carried out by the method of iodobismutane determination with the final measurement of bismuth-thiourea (BiAS-thio) absorbance. A simplified method for the determination of anionic surfactants using methylene blue (MBAS) was used to measure the concentration of anionic surfactants. The presented studies carried out during the pandemic in 2019–2022 show a significant increase in the concentration of non-ionic surfactants in water collected from the infiltration pond. The presented research results indicate that artificial infiltration can be treated as a robust and effective barrier eliminating surfactants from treated water before the treatment plant technology. The main effect of surfactant removal occurs in the first section of the ground flow. Interpretation of the results allowed to conclude that the sediment layer at the bottom of the infiltration pond plays a major role in the removal of surfactants. Biodegradation is the main process responsible for the removal of non-ionic and ionic surfactants in the infiltration process.
Hydraulic behaviour and performance improvement of waste stabilisation ponds (WSPs) using a computational fluid dynamic (CFD) and a physical model.

A physical model and a computational fluid dynamic (cfd) model (HYDRO-3D) have been developed to simulate the effects of novel maturation pond configurations, inlet and outlet positions, channels and critical environmental factors (wind speed and direction) on the hydraulic efficiency of maturation ponds at a small sewage treatment works in southern England. The ponds form the final, polishing stage of an otherwise conventional percolating filter treatment works. The final effluent of the plant joins a stream that discharges directly to a bathing beach. Thus the overall objective of the project is to maximise the efficiency of pathogen indicator removal and meet European bathing water standards. The specific aim of the study reported here was to calibrate the physical model and to assess its reliability as a tool for assessing and predicting hydraulic performance of ponds. Work focused on the comparison of simulation outputs from the cfd model and full scale system performance in order to increase the reliability of both models as design tools. The full scale ponds under study comprised three parallel, tertiary stage maturation ponds. A Geopacks flow meter was used to calibrate the ratio of water and wind velocities in the full scale pond channels and the model. Additionally floats and novel drogues were used to measure low flow velocities within the physical model. Initial tracer experiments using salt and rhodamine-WT were conducted to define the hydraulic retention time (HRT) of the physical model in still air and with top and bottom inlets and outlets. In the physical model the effect of back-mixing and dead zones can be readily observed and photographed, whereas this is more difficult to display in the outputs of computational models. Potential sources of disagreement are discussed in the thesis, but their concurrence suggests they both have a valuable role to play in the future design of ponds aimed at maximising hydraulic efficiency. The study also confirmed field observations which indicated that wind tends to be damaging rather than beneficial to pond performance. (Abstract shortened by ProQuest.).
Myocardial Infarction in Pregnancy: What Should We Do?

Acute myocard infarct during pregnancy is a rare event with high mortality and women with cardiac comorbid such as hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, and history of myocardial infarction are one of risk that should be warning. However, the main etiology myocard infarct in pregnancy is spontaneous coronary artery dissection, especially in the third semester. Women with unusual chest pain, ST-elevation in electrocardiogram, and sudden cardiac arrest should treat as soon as possible. Patient with unstable condition revascularization is recommended. However, there are several things that should be monitor during revascularization such as consideration type of stent, how much contrast that will be use, and planning after stent implantation. Thrombolysis should be the last option because of bleeding risk. Therapy during and after pregnancy should be monitor continuously because of their side effect to mother and baby, and delivery in women with acute myocard infarct should be one of main concerns. With this review, we hope that we can raise our awareness in pregnant women with their comorbid and their future pregnancy.