Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study of EUV and x-ray radiation hardness of silicon photodiodes

This work presents the results of long-term observation of the silicon photodiodes spatial profile response and the silicon photodiodes dark current after their exposure to 10.2 eV quanta and in the spectral range of 150–300 eV. Exposure of the photodiodes to quanta of an energy of 10.2 eV was repeated. Several other photodiodes have been irradiated in the spectral range of 700-1800 eV with a dose of 8 J/cm2. The spatial profile of the irradiated photodiodes was studied with 3.49 eV, 10.2 eV and 100 eV quanta. The effect of the recovery of the response spatial profile has been proved for the p+-n diode. An additional useful method of visualization of irradiated photodiode area is also presented.
Electron irradiation‐induced changes in the surface topography of silicon dioxide

The irradiation of crystalline (α‐SiO2) and amorphous (a‐SiO2) silicon dioxide with a stationary electron beam produces characteristic changes in the surface topography. The development of these changes has been investigated using cathodoluminescence spectroscopy and microscopy, scanning probe (atomic force) microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Electron irradiation produces a permanent volume increase on (crystalline) α‐SiO2, while in (amorphous) a‐SiO2 an initial small volume increase is followed by volume loss as irradiation continues. The observed changes are consistent with electromigration of oxygen under the influence of the electric field induced by charge trapping at preexisting or irradiation‐induced defects. Oxygen enrichment may produce expansion of the surface region due to the formation of peroxy linkage defects. In a‐SiO2, charges trapped by defects at grain boundaries produce enhanced electric fields which may result in volume reduction at the surface, when critical field strengths.
The N6-Methyladenosine Regulator ALKBH5 Mediated Stromal Cell–Macrophage Interaction via VEGF Signaling to Promote Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion: A Bioinformatic and In Vitro Study

Successful conception requires the synchrony of multiple systems and organs. Dysregulation of stromal cell–immune cell interactions has been proposed to be associated with recurrent spontaneous abortion. However, the mechanism of this regulation has not been well elucidated. N6-methyladenosine is one of the most common RNA modifications, and is involved in many pathological processes. Our group has demonstrated that abnormal patterns of m6A modification inhibit trophoblast invasion and contribute to adverse pregnancy outcomes. The association between m6A regulators and stromal cell–immune cell interactions is unclear. We obtained RNA-seq profiles from a GEO dataset and identified differentially expressed m6A regulators between healthy controls and patients with a recurrent spontaneous abortion history. ROC curves, functional enrichment and subclassification analysis were applied to elucidate the role of m6A regulators in pregnancy. We verified the expression of m6A regulators and constructed an overexpression cell line in a coculture system to reveal ALKBH5 function in stromal cell–macrophage interactions. We identified 11 differentially expressed m6A regulators between healthy controls and patients with a recurrent spontaneous abortion history. Then, we identified the correlation between “eraser” genes and “writer” genes. We tested the predictive abilities of the 11 m6A regulators based on another dataset and verified their expression in primary human endometrial stromal cells. We then subclassified three distinct patterns using the 11 genes and visualized genes related to immune infiltration and macrophage function in each cluster. ALKBH5 was proven to be correlated with recurrent spontaneous abortion. To verify the role of ALKBH5 in RSA, we constructed an ALKBH5-overexpression cell line. Finally, we cocultured the overexpression cell line with THP-1 cells. A decrease in M2 differentiation was observed, and this bias could be attributed to the hyposecretion of VEGF in stromal cells. N6-methyladenosine regulators play a pivotal role in stromal cell–immune cell interactions at the maternal–fetal interface. Overexpression of the m6A “eraser” gene ALKBH5 in stromal cells resulted in the hyposecretion of VEGF. Dysregulation of VEGF might impair macrophage recruitment and M2 differentiation, which could be the potential cause of recurrent spontaneous abortion.
Adaptive control for a class of large scale non-linear systems

The design of stabilizing controllers for multi-input multi-output (MIMO) non-linear plants with unknown non-linearities is a challenging problem. The inability to identify the non-linearities on-line or off-line accurately motivates the design of stabilizing controllers based on approximations or on approximate estimates of the plant non-linearities. However, the design of a centralized controller for large scale non-linear systems is often complex due to the high dimensionality and difficulty to implement in real time. In this paper a decentralized-like non-linear adaptive control algorithm is designed and analysed for a class of large scale non-linear systems with unknown non-linearities. The controller guarantees closed loop semi-global stability and convergence of the tracking error to a small residual set whose size can be specified a priori provided the neglected in the control design non-linear interconnections are small relative to the modelled non-linear parts. A procedure for choosing the various design parameters to guarantee that the tracking error bound will converge to within the specified a priori bound is presented. Even though the proposed controller is not purely decentralized it does reduce computations and makes the control design easier than a corresponding centralized approach.
The Life Cycle of a Cyclone Wave in the Southern Hemisphere. Part I: Eddy Energy Budget.

Abstract The energetics of a Southern Hemisphere cyclone wave have been analyzed using ECMWF data and the results of a limited-area model simulation. An analysis of the energy budget for a storm that developed in the eastern Pacific on 4–6 September 1987 showed the advection of the geopotential height field by the ageostrophic wind to be both a significant source and the primary sink of eddy kinetic energy. Air flowing through the wave gained kinetic energy via this term as it approached the energy maximum and then lost it upon exiting. Energy removal by diffusion, friction, and Reynolds stresses was found to be small. The most important conclusion was that, while the wave grew initially by poleward advection of heat as expected from baroclinic theory, the system evolved only up to the point where this source of eddy energy and the conversion of eddy potential to eddy kinetic energy (typically denoted “ωα”) was compensated for by energy flux divergence (dispersion of energy), mainly of the ageostrophic ge.
Wafer bonding for silicon‐on‐insulator technologies

A silicon wafer bonding process is described in which only thermally grown oxide is present between wafer pairs. Bonding occurs after insertion into an oxidizing ambient. It is proposed the wafers are drawn into intimate contact as a result of the gaseous oxygen between them being consumed by oxidation, thus producing a partial vacuum. The proposed bonding mechanism is polymerization of silanol bonds between wafer pairs. Silicon on insulator (SOI) is produced by etching away all but a few microns of one of the bonded pair. Capacitor measurements show a 27 μs minority‐carrier lifetime and no degradation of the SOI‐insulator interface. In addition, there is negligible charge at the bonding interface making the technique attractive for three‐dimensional as well as planar SOI applications.
Wronskian and Casorati determinant representations for Darboux–Pöschl–Teller potentials and their difference extensions

We consider some special reductions of generic Darboux–Crum dressing formulae and of their difference versions. As a matter of fact, we obtain some new formulae for Darboux–Pöschl–Teller (DPT) potentials by means of Wronskian determinants. For their difference deformations (called DDPT-I and DDPT-II potentials) and the related eigenfunctions, we obtain new formulae described by the ratios of Casorati determinants given by the functional difference generalization of the Darboux–Crum dressing formula.
Associations between preweaning calf feeding behaviors with age at first calving and lactational performance using an automatic calf feeder

Graphical Abstract Summary: The goal of this study was to determine whether preweaning calf behaviors recorded by an automatic calf feeder were associated with performance in adulthood. As the number of unrewarded visits to the feeder increased, first-lactation mature-equivalent milk yield and energy-corrected milk yield increased. These associations justify additional investigation into the use of preweaning calf feeding behaviors to predict firstlactation milk yield.
SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Mutation at Cysteine-488 Impairs Its Golgi Localization and Intracellular S1/S2 Processing

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein binds to the cellular receptor—angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) as the first step in viral cell entry. SARS-CoV-2 spike protein expression in the ACE2-expressing cell surface induces cell–cell membrane fusion, thus forming syncytia. To exert its fusogenic activity, the spike protein is typically processed at a specific site (the S1/S2 site) by cellular proteases such as furin. The C488 residue, located at the spike–ACE2 interacting surface, is critical for the fusogenic and infectious roles of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. We have demonstrated that the C488 residue of the spike protein is involved in subcellular targeting and S1/S2 processing. C488 mutant spike localization to the Golgi apparatus and cell surface were impaired. Consequently, the S1/S2 processing of the spike protein, probed by anti-Ser-686-cleaved spike antibody, markedly decreased in C488 mutant spike proteins. Moreover, brefeldin-A-mediated endoplasmic-reticulum-to-Golgi traffic suppression also suppressed spike protein S1/S2 processing. As brefeldin A treatment and C488 mutation inhibited S1/S2 processing and syncytia formation, the C488 residue of spike protein is required for functional spike protein processing.
Ball Valve Syndrome is caused by Colon Polyp

BACKGROUND: Intestinal obstruction caused by ball valve syndrome, is a potentially lethal pathology. This case report will show ball valve syndrome in the large intestine (mechanical obstruction) and endoscopic treatment. CASE PRESENTATION: Our patient presented with abdominal pain and with intestinal obstruction-ileus. After colonoscopic examination was noticed, a large precancerous pedunculated polyp obstructed of large intestine due to ball valve effect. Mechanical obstruction was removed with endoscopic polypectomy. CONCLUSION: Endoscopic polypectomy must first be performed and if does not succeed, then indicated surgical interventions.
OVERLAPS IN CONVERSATIONS BY SPEAKERS OF BAHASA INDONESIAN

According to Hedlner and Edlund (2010) there are three possible ways of organizing a speaker change in speaking. One of the ways is overlapping. Overlapping means two persons speaking at the same time. This essay aims to look at the overlaps used in conversation by speakers of Bahasa Indonesian. There were 20 Indonesian speakers participated in the study. The authors grouped them into 10 groups which 2 persons each group, and they were asked to have a conversation with a free topic. The conversations were recorded using a phone, and it was analysed in three stages. The first stage was listening to the recording in order to get the idea of the conversation. The second stage was relistening to three minutes of each recording while transcribing the overlaps. In this part, the conversational Analysis approach was applied in order to detect the occurrence of overlaps. Finally, the last stage was checking the data to make sure the data is valid. The result of the study shows that the purposes of overlaps produced by Indonesian speakers are confirming, floor taking, continuing, and objecting.
Motor Development and Painting Creativity of Primary School Children

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between psychomotor development and visual creativity. Thirty students ranging in age from 6 to 7.5 years had participated in the study. For the measurement of psychomotor development, the Degree of Kinetic Performance was used from the application of a Set of four kinetic tests of K.T. K. test (Schillinh & Kiphard, 1974). To measure artistic creativity, three tests were administered which were a combination of the Test Torrance of Creative Thinking (Torrance, 1998) and the Test for Creative Thinking Drawing Production (Urban & Jellen, 2010). Specifically, the Test Torrance of Creative Thinking used the element of completing the circle and in the (Urban & Jellen, 2010) test the element of humor was used, as one of the factors measuring creativity. The tests of creativity were evaluated by two different judges who were visual artists and professors at the School of Fine Arts of the University of Ioannina. The results showed that there was a statistically significant positive correlation between the Degree of Kinetic Performance and artistic creativity and in particular with aptitude, originality and processing. Psychomotor development reveals the inextricable link between mental and motor activities, addresses the whole of the human condition and it is a key area of pre-school and school education of kinetic development with artistic creativity. Future research could also look at an extended sample of the relationship between physical-motor performance and visual creativity in early and late childhood students possibly with a larger number of diagnostic tests.
A high-resolution optofluidic microscope with optical tweezer actuation

In this paper, we will report our recent development of a new type of OptoFluidic Microscope (OFM) that is capable of delivering resolution beyond the diffraction limit of light. Accurate control of the sample translation is accomplished by adopting an optical tweezer scanner into the system. During the image acquisition, a two-dimensional nanoaperture array defined on a thin aluminum film acts as an array of ultra-fine illumination sources. The imaging system is tested and demonstrated by using polystyrene beads and green algae (Chlamydomonas). Properties of the system are reported and discussed.
A novel approach for the classification of diabetic maculopathy using discrete wavelet transforms and a support vector machine

The role of diabetes mellitus in deteriorating the visual health of diabetic subjects has been affirmed precisely. The study of morphological features near the macular region is the most common method of investigating the impairment rate. The general mode of diagnosis carried out by manual inspection of fundus imaging, is less effective and slow. The goal of this study is to provide a novel approach to classify optical coherence tomography images effectively and efficiently. discrete wavelet transform and fast fourier transform are utilized to extract features, and a kernel-based support vector machine is used as classifier. To improve image contrast, histogram equalization is performed. Segmentation of the enhanced images is performed using k-means clustering. The hybrid feature extraction technique comprising the discrete wavelet transform and fast fourier transform renders novelty to the study. In terms of classification accuracy, the system's efficiency is compared to that of earlier available techniques. The suggested approach attained an overall accuracy of 96.46 % over publicly available datasets. The classifier accuracy of the system is found to be better than the performance of the discrete wavelet transform with self organizing maps and support vector machines with a linear kernel.
Spin Excitations of the Extended t-J Model: Neutron Scattering

Dynamical spin susceptibility, χ( q , ω), of the t - J model with transfer integrals of the extended spatial range has been evaluated based on the slave-boson mean-field theory for both LSCO- and YBCO-type Fermi surfaces. In the former, the width and height of the incommensurate (IC) peaks are seen to have strong dependences on ω and the temperature, T . Interestingly, and in agreement with experiments, the IC peaks at low energy become sharper in the singlet RVB state which, in our classification, corresponds to the superconducting state in the region of optimal doping. In the case of YBCO, the dependences on ω and T at q = Q ≡(π, π), the antiferromagnetic wave vector, have particular features which share common qualitative characteristics with the experimental findings.
An Optimal Bandwidth For Difference-in-Difference Estimation with a Continuous Treatment and an Heterogeneous Adoption Design

We consider a design with two time periods, such that D 1 = 0 and D 2 > 0: no unit is treated at period 1, and all units receive a positive treatment dose at period 2. This corresponds to an heterogeneous adoption design, where all units adopt the treatment at period 2 but with varying treatment intensities. We assume that D 2 is continuously distributed on R + . Accordingly, P ( D 2 = 0) = 0: there are no stayers such that D 1 = D 2 . On the other hand, we assume that there are quasi-stayers: f D 2 (0) > 0 and d 7→ f D 2 ( d ) is continuous
Two-dimensional Simulation of Convection in a Red Giant Envelope

The problem of modeling the convection in red giant envelopes is addressed with two-dimensional nonlinear and nonadiabatic simulations. Hydrostatic envelopes, in thermal equilibrium, were integrated using the mixing-length theory (MLT) for different values of the mixing-length parameter λ. We examined the energy balance for two-dimensional simulations by using the MLT envelopes as initial model. On the basis of these two-dimensional simulations, we identify a model that is close to two-dimensional equilibrium. Such a model is characterized by an initial mixing-length parameter. Its value depends upon the numerical resolution, varying from 1.0 for low resolution to 1.5 for the best resolution at present.
Formulation and quality evaluation of complementary food made from orange-fleshed sweet potato major component

Introduction of appropriate complementary foods after 6months of life of infants is very important for optimum growth and prevention of malnutrition. This study formulated four samples containing varying proportions of orange fleshed sweet potato, acha grain, soybean and groundnut including sample A (60:10:25:5), sample B (60:10:20:10), sample C (55:15:25:5) and sample D (50:20:20:10). Chemical analysis of the samples was done according to the official method of analysis described by the Association of Official Analytical Chemist (AOAC) while sensory evaluation was done using a 5-point hedonic scale. All analysis was carried out in triplicate and the generated data was analyzed with ANOVA to compare different variables using IBM SPSS statistics version 20. The results revealed that sample A had the highest amount of carbohydrate, fat and crude fibre while sample D had the lowest ash content. Sample B had the highest content of calcium (36.39 mg/100g) and magnesium (62.25/100 g) while highest amount of potassium, iron, zinc and beta carotene were recorded in sample A. There were no significant differences (p > 0.05) in the carbohydrate, potassium and zinc contents of the food samples but significant differences existed for other nutrients. The microbial load of the samples was low (0.00 to 0.01 cfu/g). Sample C had the highest overall acceptability (4.00) for sensory evaluation. Incorporating orange flesh sweet potato into complementary food can help to prevent vitamin A deficiency which is prevalent among infants and pre-school children in Nigeria.
Assessment of the performance and radiation damage effects under cryogenic temperatures of a P-channel CCD204s

CCDs continue to be the detector of choice for high resolution and high performance space applications. One perceived drawback is their susceptibility to radiation damage, in particular the formation of trap sites leading to a decrease in charge transfer efficiency. To that end, ESA has started a programme to investigate a new generation of devices based upon p-channel technology. The expectation is that once mature, p-channel devices may offer a significant increase in tolerance to proton radiation over traditional n-type buried channel CCDs. Early studies of e2v devices to assess the radiation hardness of p-channel devices were limited by the quality of devices available, however more recently, good quality p-channel CCD204s have been manufactured and studied. A more detailed evaluation of p-channel CCDs is now underway to realise the full potential of the technology for use in future high radiation environment space missions. A key aspect is the development of a cryogenic test rig that will allow for the first time a direct comparison of the radiation damage effects when the irradiation is performed both traditionally unbiased at room temperature and cryogenically with the device operational. Subsequent characterisations will also be performed on the cryogenic device after periods of storage at room temperature to investigate the potential annealing effects upon the lattice damage. Here we describe and present early results from an extensive programme of testing which will address all key performance parameters for p-channel CCDs, such as full electro-optical characterisation, assessment of radiation hardness and investigation of trap species.
Plasma Matrix Metalloproteinase-1 as a Prognostic Biomarker in Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Purpose Plasma matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) is a collagenase encoded by the MMP-1 gene. However, the prognostic value of plasma MMP-1 levels in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has yet to be elucidated. The study is the first to use a cohort of OSCC patients to assess the association of plasma MMP-1 levels with clinicopathological factors/survival outcomes in OSCC patients. Patients and Methods A total of 677 patients were retrospectively enrolled, including 276 oral potentially malignant disease (OPMD) and 401 OSCC patients from 2013 to 2021. Pretreatment plasma MMP-1 levels were measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the values were compared between OPMD and OSCC patients. Furthermore, the association of plasma MMP-1 levels and clinicopathological characteristics/survival outcomes in OSCC patients was investigated. Results Plasma MMP-1 levels were significantly higher in OSCC patients than in OPMD patients (p = 0.04). In the OSCC group, plasma MMP-1 levels were significantly higher in females, tumor depth ≥10 mm, advanced pT classification and advanced overall stage (p = 0.04, <0.001, <0.001, 0.002, respectively). Higher plasma MMP-1 levels were significantly associated with poorer overall, disease-specific, disease-free, locoregional recurrence-free and distant metastasis-free survival (p = 0.003, 0.02, 0.005, 0.01, 0.001, respectively). Multivariate analysis revealed that plasma MMP-1 levels were a significant predictor for overall, disease-free, and distant metastasis-free survival (p = 0.03, 0.02, and 0.010, respectively). Conclusion Plasma MMP-1 levels are associated with more severe clinicopathological manifestations and can also be regarded as a significant prognostic factor for OSCC posttreatment outcomes.