Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Unmixedness in Piloted–Lean Premixed Gas Turbine Combustors

The characteristic time model (CTM) represents the dominant physical subprocesses related to combustor performance in terms of characteristic times. Properly formulated, these characteristic times account for variations in combustor geometry, fuel characteristics, and operating conditions. Here, a CTM for piloted–lean premixed combustor NOx emissions is used to investigate the sensitivity of NO formation in such combustors to fuel/air unmixedness and suggests an experimental method of evaluating premixed performance under fired conditions that is discussed in the companion paper.Copyright © 1997 by ASME
The cortisol awakening response and the late positive potentials evoked by unpleasant emotional pictures in healthy adults

Abstract The cortisol awakening response (CAR) refers to a sharp rise in cortisol concentrations within the 45 min following morning awakening. Alterations in CAR have been associated with various internalizing symptoms and brain function. The current study aimed to investigate the association between CAR and neural activity in response to unpleasant emotional pictures. A total of 46 healthy adults (22.55 years ± 1.69) collected saliva samples at 0, 30, and 45 min post-awakening on two days to assess the CAR. In the afternoon after CAR measurement on the first day, electroencephalograms were recorded when the participants completed a passive viewing task. The results showed that a greater CAR was associated with a decreased late positive potential difference score between unpleasant and neutral stimuli. This finding indicates that a larger CAR may be associated with decreased attentional engagement to unpleasant emotional information in healthy adults.
Analysis of the Breakage of the Town Housings Controlled in Flood

The paper is from studying the flood experiment of the Town Housings’ structure form of the widespread existence,to explore the breakage mechanism of the town housing in flood,to guide the people how to improve the Town Housings’structure in the actuality and protect the people’s safety of the life and property.
Accounting for the Occupancy Variable in Inverse Building Energy Baselining Models

The occupancy factor is often underestimated in inverse modeling of building energy use, or accounted for by grouping the daily data in occupied and unoccupied groups which are modeled separately. For instance, in institutional buildings it is common to identify "weekdays/weekends", "semester breaks", and "holidays" daytypes. In order to develop one model that accounts for all periods, i.e., occupied and unoccupied, at an hourly time scale, a dummy variable (regressor) can be used. The dummy variable is often used in a simplified way; for instance, having a value of 0 between 8:00 AM and 5:00 PM, and 1 between 5:00 PM and 8:00 AM, for an office building. In this paper, the effect of using different alternatives in accounting for the occupancy variable in inverse modeling of building energy use is investigated, and the resulting uncertainty in the predictions, using the SMLP inverse method are presented.
Frequency stabilization of laser diodes at 0.83 mu m using a fiber optic coupler

Frequency stabilization of a fiber pigtailed laser diode discriminator is reported. The fiber coupler acts as a nearly-balanced-arm Michelson interferometer. The peak transmission signal is used for feedback control of the injection current of the laser diode. Because the sensing port can be isolated from the signal transmission port, the package design is very simple and can be implemented in an all-fiber fashion. The frequency fluctuation of a 0.83- mu m test laser stabilized by this method is less than +or-4 MHz. This scheme is applicable to longer-wavelength (1.2-1.6 mu m) laser diodes; the stabilized lasers can be packaged easily. >
The Human Right to Water and Sanitation: Using Natural Language Processing to Uncover Patterns in Academic Publishing

After years of advocacy and international negotiation, the General Assembly of the United Nations voted to officially recognize a stand-alone human right to water and sanitation on 28 July 2010. Since, academic scholarship has continued to grow in an effort to understand the implications of the codification of this human right. Yet, with this growth, it has become impractical if not impossible for scholars to keep up with the advancement of academic knowledge or to make sense of it in a systematic way. In short, to date, we know very little about the trends in the literature as they have unfolded over the past thirty years and the topics to which scholars have devoted significant attention within the broader field, particularly over time. This is an important area of inquiry, as developing a comprehensive understanding of where prior literature has focused and where it appears to be going offers scholars an opportunity to identify areas in need of refinement and/or increased attention. Given the practicalities of reading thousands of research papers each year, this project utilizes natural language processing (NLP) to identify topics and trends in academic literature on the human right to water and sanitation (HRtWS). NLP provides the opportunity to digest large quantities of text data through machine learning, culminating with descriptive information on trends and topics in the field since 1990. The results of this exercise show that the research related to the human right to water and sanitation has grown exponentially, particularly over the last decade, illustrates the multidisciplinary nature of the literature, and demonstrates the diversity of topics in the field.
Numerical Analysis of Two-Dimensional Photonic Crystal Waveguide Devices Using Periodic Boundary Conditions

This paper presents a formulation of two-dimensional photonic crystal waveguide devices formed by circular cylinders. The device structures are considered as cascade connections of straight waveguides. Decomposing the structure into layers of the cylinder arrays, the input/output properties of the devices are obtained using an analysis method of multilayer structure. We introduce periodic boundary conditions in the direction perpendicular to the wave propagation, and the Floquet-modes of each layer are calculated by the Fourier series expansion method with the help of the recursive transition-matrix algorithm. Then, the input/output properties of the devices are obtained by recursive calculation of scattering matrix with each layer. The presented formulation is validated by numerical experiments by comparing with the previous works.
Influence of Heat Treatments on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties in Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al Alloy

This paper reports the results of an ongoing research which was set up to investigate the effect of microstructures on the activity of different deformation mechanisms and the resulting mechanical behavior of the Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al alloy. Various microstructures were established by different heat treatments. Depending on the microstructures, obvious differences in the mechanical properties of this alloy were obtained. It is shown that in α+β phase field solution treatment conditions, with the increase of heating time, the fraction of globular α phase decreases, the compression strength increases. In β+(α+β) phase field solution treatment conditions, with the increase of heating time, alloys have opposite trends. In aging conditions, the microstructure and mechanical property do not change apparently with the aging time. The microstructure of the α phase and β phase has a great influence on the fractographic morphology.
Heat-transfer characteristics of wet heat exchangers in parallel-flow and counter-flow arrangements

Wet heat exchangers have many applications in the fields of air conditioning, refrigeration and power plants. They can achieve higher heat-transfer rates than dry heat exchangers. Heat transfer takes place from a hot fluid flowing inside the tubes to air, through the film which is formed by spraying water onto the heat-transfer surface. Both sensible and latent heats are transferred from the spray water to air; the latter makes the major contribution and causes a small amount of spray water to evaporate into the air stream. These heat exchangers are classified according to the flow arrangement of spray water and air, and the geometry of the tubes. Many researchers have studied the thermal characteristics of wet heat exchangers using different mathematical models. The effect of the wetted surface as the main factor of heat-transfer enhancement on the thermal performance of heat exchanger has been investigated extensively. In the present study, a mathematical model was applied to analyse the performance of the wet heat exchangers. Temperature distribution of three fluids flowing through the exchanger and the humidity distribution of the air for parallel and counter-current exchangers were obtained using the mathematical model. The effects of various operating conditions, such as mass flow rates of three fluids on the thermal performance of the exchanger were investigated. The results of the model were compared against reference experimental data. Copyright The Author 2010. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org, Oxford University Press.
Esthetic Dentistry on Twitter: Benefits and Dangers

Objectives The demand for esthetic dentistry is growing, and social media constitute the main driving force behind this revolution. Twitter is a leading social media platform; however, there is a lack of research on the pattern of communications and the impact of Twitter on esthetic dentistry. The purpose of this study was to analyze the content of tweets related to esthetic dentistry and to investigate how Twitter has affected the perception of, and demand for, esthetic dentistry. Moreover, it aimed to assess the potential benefits and risks of esthetic dentistry advertising strategies on Twitter as a potential social media platform. Materials and Methods Using a specialized web scrapping tool made available by the Python programming language, a total of 54,000 public tweets were downloaded from Twitter at real-time by matching specific keywords. The downloaded tweets were manually filtered, and 13,787 tweets were included and categorized into four tweet sets by content. Results The main categories were tweets regarding specific cosmetic procedure, totaling 56.53% (43.2% for veneers, 13.3% for whitening), advertisements (36.72%), information (5.53%), and general cosmetic dentistry (1.22%). Negative opinions towards veneers and whitening were the most common themes (68.03% and 43.44%). For veneers, illegal use for kids was the most common negative theme (59.7%) and being destructive for whitening (86.3%). Positive opinions counted 6.26% of veneers and 4.3% of whitening tweets. Advertising for whitening products was the second most common between all tweets (16.6%), and advertising for dental practices was the third (14.7%). Presenting facilities/services was the most common marketing strategy for dental practices (49.7%). Twitter was weakly used to circulate educational content (5.5%) and to post reviews (0.75%). Conclusion Twitter was extensively used to share experiences/opinions towards dental cosmetic interventions. Advertising is another vital use of this platform. However, circulating information was the least common use of this social media. Additionally, tweeters were rarely to post online reviews and specific advices and recommendations regarding esthetic dentistry. Moreover, females tended to participate and tweet more significantly in cosmetic-related topics than males. This platform should be tailored efficiently to target users' priorities and to improve health literacy and self-care. Twitter was weakly used to circulate educational content according to this study and rarely used to share online reviews.
Fire affects galling insect communities through vegetation changes in a subtropical seasonally semiarid forest

Fire is one of the main factors shaping vegetation characteristics around the world, with deep and complex effects on higher levels of the food web and ecosystem functioning. Specialist insects tend to be more vulnerable to fire than generalists due to their higher dependency on host plants; however, fire effects on specialist insects are still not clearly known. Our aim was to understand how fire‐induced changes in plant richness and floristic composition modulate community features of galling insects under different fire scenarios. Specifically, we address the following questions: Are changes in galling insect richness and herbivory explained by the variation in plant richness and floristic composition under different fire scenarios? Are species composition of vegetation and galling insect communities coupled under different fire scenarios? Species richness of plant and galling insect communities was higher in burned than in unburned plots, but the highest species richness was observed under different fire scenarios in both communities. Galling insect richness was better predicted by floristic composition than plant richness. Herbivory was similar under different fire scenarios and weakly related to plant richness and composition. Species composition of vegetation and galling insect communities was strongly coupled across different fire scenarios. The characteristics of galling insect communities were strongly affected by fire through vegetation changes, and were better explained by floristic composition than by plant richness. Our results highlight the importance of selecting areas under different fire scenarios to maximise biodiversity conservation.
Disparity in use of modern combination chemotherapy associated with facility type influences survival of 2655 patients with advanced pancreatic cancer

Abstract Aim Academic and high volume hospitals have better outcome for pancreatic cancer (PC) surgery, but there are no reports on oncological treatment. We aimed to determine the influence of facility types on overall survival (OS) after treatment with chemotherapy for inoperable PC. Material and methods 2,657 patients were treated in Denmark from 2012 to 2018 and registered in the Danish Pancreatic Cancer Database. Facilities were classified as either secondary oncological units or comprehensive, tertiary referral cancer centers. Results The average yearly number of patients seen at the four tertiary facilities was 71, and 31 at the four secondary facilities. Patients at secondary facilities were older, more frequently had severe comorbidity and lived in non-urban municipalities. As compared to combination chemotherapy, monotherapy with gemcitabine was used more often (59%) in secondary facilities than in tertiary (34%). The unadjusted median OS was 7.7 months at tertiary and 6.1 months at secondary facilities. The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of 1.16 (confidence interval 1.07–1.27) demonstrated an excess risk of death for patients treated at secondary facilities, which disappeared when taking type of chemotherapy used into account. Hence, more use of combination chemotherapy was associated with the observed improved OS of patients treated at tertiary facilities. Declining HR’s per year of first treatment indicated improved outcomes with time, however the difference among facility types remained significant. Discussion Equal access to modern combination chemotherapy at all facilities on a national level is essential to ensure equality in treatment results.
Simple water balance model and crop water demand at different spatial and temporal scales in Periya Pallam catchment of upper Bhavani basin, Tamilnadu

Reduction in agricultural water use and increasing the sustainability of water resources can be achieved by studying the water balance of the area and crop water demand. In this paper, by using a simple water balance model, Evapotranspiration, Rainfall, Runoff, Water Demand and Water Requirement different crops are estimated. The crop water requirement and crop water demand for different crops grown in the Periya Pallam Catchment of Upper Bhavani Basin, Tamilnadu, was estimated. Water balance estimation of the area reveals that out of the annual rainfall, runoff is estimated to be 129 mm, effective rainfall is 252 mm, and deep percolation is about 67 mm. The demand for water for agriculture in the study area is about 61 million cubic meters (MCM), but only 19 MCM of water is available through precipitation in the form of effective rainfall. Hence, the remaining 43 MCM of water is supplied through groundwater and other sources. The results will pave the way for sustainable crop water use planning and would achieve water security in the basin.
Correlation between channel hot-electron degradation and radiation-induced interface trapping in N-channel LDD devices

It is shown that the correlation model developed in previous work to determine hot-carrier device lifetime from radiation-induced interface state data can be extended to lightly-doped drain (LDD) devices by selecting different, but equivalent, failure criteria. Excellent agreement between the model and experimental data is shown for LDD devices from several different manufacturers. These results indicate that a radiation test can be used as a quick alternative to a voltage stress test for predicting hot-carrier-induced device lifetime. Charge pumping measurement results are presented that demonstrate the basis for such a correlation. >
Functional analysis of a Phytophthora host-translocated effector using the yeast model system

Background Phytophthora plant pathogens secrete effector proteins that are translocated into host plant cells during infection and collectively contribute to pathogenicity. A subset of these host-translocated effectors can be identified by the amino acid motif RXLR (arginine, any amino acid, leucine, arginine). Bioinformatics analysis has identified hundreds of putative RXLR effector genes in Phytophthora genomes, but the specific molecular function of most remains unknown. Methods Here we describe initial studies to investigate the use of Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a eukaryotic model to explore the function of Phytophthora RXLR effector proteins. Results and Conclusions Expression of individual RXLR effectors in yeast inhibited growth, consistent with perturbation of a highly conserved cellular process. Transcriptome analysis of yeast cells expressing the poorly characterized P. sojae RXLR effector Avh110 identified nearly a dozen yeast genes whose expression levels were altered greater than two-fold compared to control cells. All five of the most down-regulated yeast genes are normally induced under low phosphate conditions via the PHO4 transcription factor, indicating that PsAvh110 perturbs the yeast regulatory network essential for phosphate homeostasis and suggesting likely PsAvh110 targets during P. sojae infection of its soybean host.
Managing server energy and reducing operational cost for online service providers

The past decade has seen the energy consumption in servers and Internet Data Centers (IDCs) skyrocket. A recent survey estimated that the worldwide spending on servers and cooling have risen to above $30 billion and is likely to exceed spending on the new server hardware [1]. The rapid rise in energy consumption has posted a serious threat to both energy resources and the environment, which makes green computing not only worthwhile but also necessary. This dissertation intends to tackle the challenges of both reducing the energy consumption of server systems and by reducing the cost for Online Service Providers (OSPs). Two distinct subsystems account for most of IDC’s power: the server system, which accounts for 56% of the total power consumption of an IDC, and the cooling and humidification systems, which accounts for about 30% of the total power consumption. The server system dominates the energy consumption of an IDC, and its power draw can vary drastically with data center utilization. In this dissertation, we propose three models to achieve energy efficiency in web server clusters: an energy proportional model, an optimal server allocation and frequency adjustment strategy, and a constrained Markov model. The proposed models have combined Dynamic Voltage/Frequency Scaling (DV/FS) and Vary-On, Vary-off (VOVF) mechanisms that work together for more energy savings. Meanwhile, corresponding strategies are proposed to deal with the transition overheads.
Flicker characteristic estimation of an electric arc furnace feeder

This paper describes the estimation of the stochastic flicker characteristics for an electric are furnace over a complete heat. These characteristics include stationarity, normality and correlation. Besides, the basic statistic probability was assessed by varying the sampling period too. The estimation and the assessment were implemented by a microcomputer-based instrumentation system. The test results for a typical AC arc furnace show that (1) most flicker characteristics are stationary or weakly stationary during different periods of a heat cycle, but most of their probability density functions are not normally distributed, (2) the voltage and current fluctuations in the same phase are highly correlated, (3) the flicker converges at a value with a /spl plusmn/5% deviations from the value based on a basic sampling period, if the sampling period is decreased below 12 seconds.
3D Guidance Law with INS/IR Integration for Increasing Penetration Force

In the modern warfare, the trajectory of flight vehicle was required to have the ability to be adjusted in specified shape to increasing the penetration force. This paper deals with the guidance law and data fusion system to impact a target in specified direction for precision guided munitions. A three-dimensional guidance law is designed by combining the optimal guidance law and terminal acceleration tuning methodology. A new configuration of Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) is employed to obtain the range and angle information from INS and infrared seeker to improve the survivability of guidance system in the circumstance with strong electromagnetic interference.
Drug Repurposing Using Modularity Clustering in Drug-Drug Similarity Networks Based on Drug–Gene Interactions

Drug repurposing is a valuable alternative to traditional drug design based on the assumption that medicines have multiple functions. Computer-based techniques use ever-growing drug databases to uncover new drug repurposing hints, which require further validation with in vitro and in vivo experiments. Indeed, such a scientific undertaking can be particularly effective in the case of rare diseases (resources for developing new drugs are scarce) and new diseases such as COVID-19 (designing new drugs require too much time). This paper introduces a new, completely automated computational drug repurposing pipeline based on drug–gene interaction data. We obtained drug–gene interaction data from an earlier version of DrugBank, built a drug–gene interaction network, and projected it as a drug–drug similarity network (DDSN). We then clustered DDSN by optimizing modularity resolution, used the ATC codes distribution within each cluster to identify potential drug repurposing candidates, and verified repurposing hints with the latest DrugBank ATC codes. Finally, using the best modularity resolution found with our method, we applied our pipeline to the latest DrugBank drug–gene interaction data to generate a comprehensive drug repurposing hint list.