Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diminished complexity of heart rate time series in adolescents facing negative events during everyday life

Physiological systems need to be flexible in order to adapt to a changing environment. Negative events, however, induce flexibility reductions that seem necessary for coping purposes. To date, studies have measured linear variability and entropy in heart output, but none have examined the scaling properties of the cardiac system when individuals deal with stressful everyday events. This study was aimed at testing the hypothesis that the complexity of the cardiac dynamics is diminished when individuals face negative events in real life. Cardiac variability (linear) and complexity (nonlinear), as well as discomfort and effectiveness of event-related emotion regulation (EER) were ecologically examined in N = 65 adolescents (Mage = 14.80 years; SDage = 0.86; 55.38% girls). Repeated Measures MANOVAs revealed higher heart rate (HR) and lower cardiac complexity (higher long-term scaling exponent, p = .029; lower Fractal Dimension FD, p = .030; and lower Sample Entropy, p = .001) during EER in comparison with non-emotion regulation conditions (NER). Wilcoxon non-parametric tests revealed higher Hurst exponents (p = .006) in EER than in NER. No significant correlations were found between discomfort and cardiac variables although the higher the cardiac entropy in NER conditions, the greater the self-rated effectiveness of EER (p < .050). EER processes involved increases in HR as well as scaling and FD changes that might reflect the real-time scale’s predominance in HR output when adolescents are dealing with negative events. Keywords: adolescence; emotion regulation; cardiac complexity; heart rate variability; observational descriptive study
HyperFuzzer: An Efficient Hybrid Fuzzer for Virtual CPUs

In this cloud computing era, the security of hypervisors is critical to the overall security of the cloud. In particular, the security of CPU virtualization in hypervisors is paramount because it is implemented in the most privileged CPU mode. Blackbox and graybox fuzzing are limited to finding shallow virtual CPU bugs due to its huge search space. Whitebox fuzzing can be used for systematic analysis of CPU virtualization, but existing implementations rely on slow hardware emulators to enable dynamic symbolic execution. In this paper, we present HyperFuzzer, the first efficient hybrid fuzzer for virtual CPUs. Our key observation is that a virtual CPU's execution is determined by the VM state. Based on this observation, we design a new fuzzing setup that uses complete VM states as fuzzing inputs, and a new fuzzing technique we call Nimble Symbolic Execution to enable dynamic symbolic execution for CPU virtualization running on bare metal. Specifically, it uses the hardware to log the control flow efficiently, and then reconstructs an approximate execution trace from only the control flow and the fuzzing input. The reconstructed execution trace is surprisingly sufficient for precise dynamic symbolic execution of virtual CPUs. We have built a prototype of HyperFuzzer based on Intel Processor Trace for Microsoft Hyper-V. Our experimental results show that HyperFuzzer can run thousands of tests per second, which is 3 orders of magnitude faster than using a hardware emulator. When compared with a baseline using full (control+data) execution traces, HyperFuzzer can still generate 96.8% of the test inputs generated by the baseline. HyperFuzzer has found 11 previously unknown virtual CPU bugs in the Hyper-V hypervisor, and all of them were confirmed and fixed.
RacketStore: measurements of ASO deception in Google play via mobile and app usage

Online app search optimization (ASO) platforms that provide bulk installs and fake reviews for paying app developers in order to fraudulently boost their search rank in app stores, were shown to employ diverse and complex strategies that successfully evade state-of-the-art detection methods. In this paper we introduce RacketStore, a platform to collect data from Android devices of participating ASO providers and regular users, on their interactions with apps which they install from the Google Play Store. We present measurements from a study of 943 installs of RacketStore on 803 unique devices controlled by ASO providers and regular users, that consists of 58,362,249 data snapshots collected from these devices, the 12,341 apps installed on them and their 110,511,637 Google Play reviews. We reveal significant differences between ASO providers and regular users in terms of the number and types of user accounts registered on their devices, the number of apps they review, and the intervals between the installation times of apps and their review times. We leverage these insights to introduce features that model the usage of apps and devices, and show that they can train supervised learning algorithms to detect paid app installs and fake reviews with an F1-measure of 99.72% (AUC above 0.99), and detect devices controlled by ASO providers with an F1-measure of 95.29% (AUC = 0.95). We discuss the costs associated with evading detection by our classifiers and also the potential for app stores to use our approach to detect ASO work with privacy.
SHELF LIFE EVALUATION OF BUFFALO SAUSAGES SUPPLEMENTED WITH DIFFERENT FAT SOURCES AND STORAGE CONDITIONS

The study was undertaken to evaluate supplementation of different fat sources (buffalo kidney, pelvic, heart (KPH) fat, sheep tail fat, palm kernel butterfat) on shelf life parameters (thiobarbituric acid values (TBARs), total viable count (TVC), water activity (aw) and color values) in sausages of buffalo calves at different storage temperature and storage duration. Sausages were prepared by employing the hurdle technology that includes mixing of minced buffalo meat and 20% fat with spice mixture, ascorbic acid, 0.5% Nitrite-NaCl, phosphate, 5% potassium ascorbate spray. Sausages were stored at refrigerated (2±2 °C) and in an incubator to mimic high ambient temperature (35±2 °C) until 11 days or acceptable limits. The data were analyzed through factorial ANOVA. Results show that hurdle treatment collectively increased the shelf life by significantly reducing quality deterioration during storage. Lowest color lightness (L*) values were recorded in animal-based fat sausages, while the redness (a*) values were increased during the storage, and maximum values were observed during storage at ambient temperature. Sheep tail fat sausages exhibited the highest TBARs and TVC values. Similarly, storage temperature and duration affected the quality characteristics, samples stored at an ambient temperature markedly increased the TBARS, TVC and color throughout the storage duration, whereas Aw value decreased. Palm kernel butterfat (PKBF) sausages show higher lightness (L*) and yellowness (b*) values and lower redness(a*) values than buffalo kidney, pelvic, heart (KPH) fat and sheep tail fat (STF) sausages. PKBF sausages showed lowest TVC values represented in terms of log cfu/g while the highest values were observed in STF sausages; however, KPH sausages showed mediate values. Based on these results, it was concluded that sausages made from palm kernel butter fat showed the highest shelf life as compared to the animal source fat sources.
The Current Treatment Approach for Anaplastic Gliomas

Grade 3 gliomas include 6–10 % of all newly diagnoses of primary brain tumors and comprise 6–15% of all primary brain tumors. Three histological subtypes are characterized: anaplastic astrocytoma (AA), anaplastic oligodendroglioma (AO) and anaplastic oligoastrocytoma (AOA). During the past decade, understanding of molecular and prognostic significance of genetic alterations in anaplastic gliomas (AG) has changed treatment strategies of these tumors, particularly for oligodendroglial subtype. The initial treatment for AG is maximal safe resection. The management after initial surgery of AG with 1p/19q codeletion includes radiotherapy (RT) and PCV (procarbazine, CCNU, vincristine) chemotherapy as established by EORTC 29651 and RTOG 9402 trials. The sequence of RT and chemotherapy has not been defined; therefore both neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy may be applied. The second treatment option is RT plus Temozolomide chemotherapy for 1p19q co-deleted tumors. The treatment of unior nondeleted AG is either RT only or primary alkylator-based chemotherapy only with deferred RT as determined in NOA-04. The combined therapy with radiation plus Temozolomide in patients with newly diagnosed AA patients is an alternative treatment option. We should await mature results from CATNON study to help determine whether use of concurrent Temozolomide during radiation, in addition to 12 cycles of adjuvant Temozolomide, provides increased benefit. There has been no standard therapy for patients with recurrent AG. At progression, the option of second surgery should be explored. Alkylating chemotherapy is the treatment of choice for most patients previously untreated with chemotherapy. Re-irradiation is another option for recurrent AG. Review Article
Feasible Study of Breast and Lungs Cancer Detection using Machine learning

— The initial-state cancer finding is essential to provide appropriate treatment to the patient and diminish the risk of death due to cancer as the detection of these cancer cells at late stages leads to more suffering and increases the chances of death. The paper provides a chance to study breast and lungs cancer detection methods and different algorithms to diagnose cancer at an earlier stage. Hybrid methods used for lung and breast cancer detection with help of different types of image, test results data set used for depending on size and shape of cell using segmentation and classification. In this paper also explain the basic model of lung and breast cancer block diagram also focus on future aspects of cancer detection and diagnosis methods and challenges.
Modeling Infrared Superlattice Photodetectors: From Nonequilibrium Green’s Functions to Quantum-Corrected Drift Diffusion

Modeling Infrared Superlattice Photodetectors: From Nonequilibrium Green’s Functions to Quantum-Corrected Drift Diffusion / Tibaldi, Alberto; Gonzalez Montoya, Jesus Alberto; Vallone, Marco Ernesto; Goano, Michele; Bellotti, Enrico; Bertazzi, Francesco. In: PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED. ISSN 2331-7019. STAMPA. 16:4(2021), p. 044024. [10.1103/PhysRevApplied.16. 044024] Original Modeling Infrared Superlattice Photodetectors: From Nonequilibrium Green’s Functions to QuantumCorrected Drift Diffusion
Synthesis of Ag/GO nanocomposite with promising photocatalytic ability for reduction reaction of p-nitrophenol

p-Aminophenol (PAP) is an important intermediate reagent in the synthesis of paracetamol, widely used as an analgesic and antipyretic drug. Therefore, finding an effective catalyst to improve PAP synthesis efficiency is worth studying. Among those studies, nanocomposite is the most promising material. In this study, Ag/GO nanocomposites were synthesized by reducing silver nitrate on graphene oxide (GO) with sodium borohydride as a reducing agent and characterized by SEM, EDX, XRD and UV–vis methods. The catalytic ability was investigated based on the hydrogenation reaction of p-nitrophenol (PNP). We successfully synthesized Ag/GO nanocomposite with relatively homogeneous distributions and similar particle sizes. The results showed that Ag/GO nanocomposite has an excellent catalytic activity with the yield of reduction reaction at 97%, 3 min. Moreover, this photocatalyst can easily be recovered and reused three times without any reaction efficiency reduction. We also successfully synthesized and crystallized PAP with high purity and the total yield of 45.82%. The results show that Ag/GO nanocomposite is an excellent catalyst for high-performance reactions with many useful properties, such as easily recovered and repetitive used. On top of that, Ag/GO nanocomposite is safe, less toxic and environmentally friendly.
Mitigation and adaptation of climate change disaster

Climate change is a long-term change in the statistical distribution of weather patterns over time periods ranging from decades to millions of years. It can also be interpreted as a shift in average weather conditions or a change in the distribution of average weather events. Climate change can occur locally, in specific regions, or across the entire planet’s surface. This change is characterized by at least four characteristics:, first rising global temperature, second rising sea levels, third extreme weather conditions and others, and four changes in rainfall patterns. Climate change is currently marked by an increase in the frequency of hydrometeorological disasters, such as decreased water availability and or even excess water discharge at other times, as well as forest and land fires. Based on future climate change projections, these hydrometeorological disasters have the potential to worsen threathening the resilience of water, food, and energy resources. Climate change is frequently associated with disaster due to an increase in hydrometeorological events over time. However, climate change is not the only cause. The disaster impacts are the results and indicators of more complex issues caused by larger environmental, social changes, and economic changes. These various disaster challenges in the future will necessitate earlier anticipatory preparations so that Indonesia and the rest of the world can adapt and mitigate appropriately.
A novel attention-based domain adaptation model for intelligent bearing fault diagnosis under variable working conditions

In recent years, transfer learning technology has developed rapidly and has been widely used in bearing fault diagnosis. Most existing methods mainly align the overall feature distribution of the signal samples across the source and target domains. However, the transferability of each signal and each segment of a signal sample is different. Therefore, in this paper, a novel attention-based domain adaptation model (ADA) is proposed. The ADA model consists of a feature extractor and an ADA module. The feature extractor is built by separable convolution with channel attention module and length attention module to improve the reliability of feature learning. The ADA module consists of two parts, the local ADA module and the global ADA module to enhance the model’s domain adaptation ability by focusing on the signals and signal segments with better transferability. The experimental results show that the ADA model is superior to other intelligent fault diagnosis methods based on transfer learning under variable working conditions.
The Magnificent Süleymaniye Owed a Debt to the Butcher and the Grocer

The large waqf complex of Süleymaniye in Istanbul held vast agricultural lands and numerous revenue-yielding real estates. However, in 1586, it was mentioned as being in debt to butcher and grocer in an official document. The financial distress of the waqf around the 1580s could have not been determined although the waqf has been examined through its account books. The present study using the detailed registers shows that the waqf experienced serious difficulties in revenue collection. This study particularly emphasizes two points. First, the detailed registers are valuable sources supporting the financial analysis of the waqf institutions. Secondly, considering the fact that the Süleymaniye was deriving the major part of its income from the rural areas in the Balkans, the financial hardship of the waqf may imply deterioration in agricultural conditions. Therefore, future research analyzing the waqf for a longer term is significant to reveal economic conditions in the Balkans.
The Role of Tranexamic Acid (TXA) In Spine Surgeries: A Systematic Review

Ali Basim Almahfoodh1*, Darren F Lui2, Thamer Ahmed Hamdan2 1Department of Surgery, Iraq 2Department of Neuroscience, Saint Georges Hospital, London loss. [4-5] it is also used in orthopedic surgery to reduce blood loss, to the extent of reducing or altogether abolishing the need for perioperative blood collection. It is of proven value in clearing the field of surgery and reducing blood loss when given before or after surgery. Drain and number of transfusions are reduced. [6]
Contextualized Co-creation: Innovating with Individual External Contributors Throughout the Product Life Cycle

A co-creation strategy for product innovation ought to be customized for the specific context in which it is to be implemented. Despite the obvious common-sense appeal of this idea, the context-dependent character of co-creation has not yet been clearly recognized and analysed in the pertinent literature. We address this intellectual gap by positing the concept of “contextualized co-creation. ” By focusing on the evolving opportunities for product innovation, and related extant conditions and potential risks, we see the early and the latter stages of the product life cycle as distinct contexts for co-creation. For each respective context our concept suggests what type of actors may be involved as co-creators in product innovation projects, which type of co-creation may be appropriate, and how a suitable co-creative setting may be developed. Our contextualized co-creation concept may be applied by companies as a rubric for strategic decision-making related to collaborative innovation with individual external contributors in product development projects.
The Markets in Financial Instruments Directive and Sensitivity of Investors’ Portfolio Allocation to Analyst Recommendations

The update of the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive (henceforth MiFID II) regulation unbundles research cost from the commission fees since January 2018 in Europe. Using a unique data set, we answer three important policy questions: First, has the information content of the analyst research improved after MiFID II? Second, if recommendations are more informative, did MiFID II change the effects of analyst recommendations on investors’ portfolio decisions? Third, did banks use the potentially stronger responsiveness of investors to recommendations after MiFID II to steer their customers tighter to stocks they sell? Our key findings are that after the implementation of MiFID II, 1) the information context in particular with respect to the earnings per share predictions of analysts became more precise, 2) while the propensity to buy stocks did on average not change for households as a whole, we find that customers will buy more of a stock if their affiliated bank issued a buy recommendation on a stock and 3) banks can more strongly steer their affiliated customers to buy into stocks the bank intends to sell.
Towards a Performance Measure of Income Inequality: Trends in Income 1975-2018

This work introduces two novel methods in measuring income inequality. The first uses publicly available tax summary data to improve estimates of top-coded income in the Current Population Survey. The second is a time-period agnostic and income-level agnostic measure of inequality that relates income growth to economic growth. This new metric, the Growth Share Measure, can be applied over long stretches of time, applied to subgroups of interest, and easily calculated. We apply both methods to the time period 1975-2018 to show the trends in income inequality relative to per capita gross domestic product. We find that only incomes at the top 1 percent paced economic growth over this period. We discuss how our inequality measure could be applied to public program evaluation in a manner similar to the supplemental poverty rates.
Oral vaccination with recombinant Lactobacillus plantarum encoding Trichinella spiralis inorganic pyrophosphatase elicited a protective immunity in BALB/c mice

Background Trichinellosis is a serious zoonotic disease distributed around the world. It is needed to develop a safe, effective and feasible anti-Trichinella vaccine for prevention and control of trichinellosis. The aim of this study was to construct a recombinant Lactobacillus plantarum encoding Trichinella spiralis inorganic pyrophosphatase (TsPPase) and investigate its immune protective effects against T. spiralis infection. Methodology/Principal findings The growth of recombinant L. plantarum was not affected by TsPPase/pSIP409-pgsA′ plasmid, and the recombinant plasmid was inherited stably in bacteria. Western blot and immunofluorescence assay (IFA) indicated that the rTsPPase was expressed on the surface of recombinant L. plantarum. Oral vaccination with rTsPPase induced higher levels of specific serum IgG, IgG1, IgG2a and mucosal secretory IgA (sIgA) in BALB/c mice. ELISA analysis revealed that the levels of IFN-γ and IL-4 released from spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes and Peyer’s patches were evidently increased at 2–4 weeks following vaccination, compared to MRS (De Man, Rogosa, Sharpe) medium control group (P < 0.05). Immunization of mice with rTsPPase exhibited a 67.18, 54.78 and 51.91% reduction of intestinal infective larvae, adult worms and muscle larvae at 24 hours post infection (hpi), 6 days post infection (dpi) and 35 dpi, respectively (P < 0.05), and the larval molting and development was significantly inhibited by 45.45% at 24 hpi, compared to the MRS group. Conclusions TsPPase plays a crucial role in T. spiralis molting and development, oral vaccination with rTsPPase induced a significant local mucosal sIgA response and systemic Th1/Th2 immune response, and immune protection against T. spiralis infection in BALB/c mice.
Total Laryngectomy: A Review of Surgical Techniques

Since the first total laryngectomy was performed in the late 18th century, several improvements and variations in surgical techniques have been proposed for this procedure. The surgical techniques employed in total laryngectomy have not been comprehensively discussed to date. Thus, the main objective of this article was to address controversial aspects related to this procedure and compare different surgical techniques used for a total laryngectomy procedure from the beginning to the end. Although the management paradigms in laryngeal and hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas have shifted to organ-preserving chemoradiotherapy protocols, total laryngectomy still plays a prominent role in the treatment of advanced and recurrent tumors. The increased incidence of complications associated with salvage total laryngectomy has driven efforts to improve the surgical techniques in various aspects of the operation. Loss of voice and impaired swallowing are the most difficult challenges to be overcome in laryngectomies, and the introduction of tracheoesophageal voice prostheses has made an enormous difference in postoperative rehabilitation and quality of life. Advancements in reconstruction techniques, tumor control, and metastatic management, such as prophylactic neck treatments and paratracheal nodal dissection (PTND), as well as the use of thyroid gland-preserving total laryngectomy in selected patients have all led to the increasing success of modern total laryngectomy. Several conclusions regarding the benchmarking of surgical techniques cannot be drawn. Issues regarding total laryngectomy are still open for discussion, and the technique will continue to require improvement in the near future.