Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pre-admission CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc scores predict long-term outcomes after first spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage

Background: Spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) results in significant morbidity and mortality. Approximately 50% patients die within the first 30 days of the index hemorrhage, and of those who survive, only a minority is expected to be functionally independent. The ability to predict long-term functional outcomes may facilitate decision making in early management of ICH. This study aim to evaluate for the first time whether CHADS 2 score and CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc developed to stratify the risk of ischemic stroke among patients with AF is useful in predicting the functional outcomes among patients surviving their first spontaneous ICH. Methods: This single-centered observational registry was carried out between 1996 and 2010 and included 691 consecutive patients with the first spontaneous ICH. Results: Amongst these, 427 patients (60.1 ± 15.2 years, male: 62.5%) surviving the 30 days after the first ICH fulfilling the inclusion criteria were studied. At 1 year and 2 years, 52.9% and 54.8% patients had unfavorable outcome as defined as modified Rankin score of ≥3. In both univariate and multivariate analysis, increasing age, a higher pre-admission CHADS 2 and CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc scores surgical intervention for the ICH were associated with unfavorable outcomes. The c statistic of the CHADS 2 score as a predictor of favorable outcome was 0.59 (95% CI: 0.54-0.64, p <0.0001) with the optimal cutoff to predict favorable outcome at CHADS 2 ³1 with sensitivity of 73.9% and specificity of 39.4%. On the other hand, the C statistic of the CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc score to predict favorable outcome was similar to that of the CHADS 2 score (C-statistic: 0.58, 95% CI: 0.53-0.63, p =0.003) with the optimal cutoff at CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc ³3. The sensitivity and specificity were 67.7% and 46.3% respectively. Conclusion: The outcome of ICH patients surviving the first 30 days was poor. CHADS 2 and CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc appeared to be a reasonable score to predict long-term ICH outcomes.
Mathematical modelling of the blood pressure signal

The objective of this work is to develop a model of the continuous arterial pressure signal provided by the arterial catheter, and to validate it against real data. The model involves a number of novel features not encountered in previous models of this form, namely terms to describe the arterial valve closing, the respiratory variations of blood pressure and heart frequency, and the dicrotic notch. The focus of this project is to develop a simple mathematical model capable of describing the well-known blood pressure signal. The model will be verified by comparison with real data.
Combining Architecture-Centric Engineering with the Team Software Process

Abstract : This report contains a description of an architecture-centric life-cycle model that uses the Carnegie Mellon Software Engineering Institute's architecture-centric engineering (ACE) methods embedded in a Team Software Process (TSP) framework and our experience in piloting the approach in an actual development effort. Combining ACE and TSP provides an iterative approach for delivering quality systems on time and within budget. TSP provides the infrastructure in estimation, planning, measurement, and project management. ACE provides the means for designing, evaluating, and implementing a system so that it will satisfy its business and quality goals. Bringing these approaches together results in something that is much more than the sum of the parts. The combined approach offers help to organizations to set an architecture/developer team in motion using mature, disciplined engineering practices that produce quality software quickly.
A comparison of active and passive cooling methods in firefighters during fireground rehabilitation following a live burn training

Objective We compared two active cooling devices to passive cooling in a moderate (≈22°C) temperature environment on heart rate, core temperature, and perceptions of recovery when applied to firefighters following 20 min. of fire suppression. Methods Firefighters (23 male, 2 female) performed 20 minutes of fire suppression at a live fire evolution. Immediately following the evolution, the subjects removed their thermal protective clothing and were randomized to receive forearm immersion (FI), ice water perfused cooling vest (CV), or passive cooling (P) in an air-conditioned medical trailer for 30 minutes. Heart rate and deep gastric temperature were monitored every five minutes during recovery. OMNI rating of perceived exertion, thermal comfort, thermal stress, sweating, and comfort ratings were all reported every five minutes during recovery. Results A single 20-minute bout of fire suppression resulted in near maximal HR (175±13 - P,172±20 - FI, 177±12 beats•min−1 - CV) when compared to baseline (p < 0.001), a rapid and substantial rise in Tc (38.2±0.7 - P, 38.3±0.4 - FI, 38.3±0.3° - CV) compared to baseline (p <0.001), and mass lost from sweating of nearly one kilogram. Cooling rates (°C/min) differed (p =0.036) by device with FI (0.05±0.04) providing higher rates than P (0.03±0.02) or CV (0.03±0.04) although differences over 30 minutes were small and recovery of body temperature was incomplete in all groups. There were no differences in perceptual ratings by cooling method, but there were significant effects based on time (p=0.0). Conclusions During 30 min. of recovery following a 20-minute bout of fire suppression in a training academy setting, there is a slightly higher cooling rate for FI and no apparent benefit to CV when compared to P cooling in a moderate temperature environment.
Methodology

Education has changed drastically over the past century as laws, cultures, technologies, societies, and people have evolved in unpredictable ways. Less than a century ago, there were still states in the U.S. that did not have mandatory education laws and public schooling opportunities for children. Less than 70 years ago, Brown v. Board of Education declared that racial segregation in schools in the U.S. was unconstitutional, leading to the gradual dismantling of Jim Crow laws and policies into the 1960s and 1970s. In 1957, Sputnik was launched, and in 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first human to leave Earth’s atmosphere, leading to a lengthy and expensive space race between world powers and a surge of investment into STEM fields at all education levels. The first personal computer was created by IBM in 1981, and the invention of the WorldWideWeb by Tim Berners-Lee shortly followed in 1983. In 1989, the Berlin Wall fell, paving the way for the dismantling of the Soviet Union and a democratic resurgence of knowledge and idea-sharing between people from culturally divergent and historically antagonistic countries across the world. In the 1990s, the internet became commonplace in households across the U.S. and many other developed countries. Wi-Fi was created in 1991, and the first smartphone was released by IBM in 1994. The first Apple iPhone was released in 2007, allowing laypeople to have more computer processing power in a single pocket than was available to all of NASA while landing men on the moon less than 40 years earlier. Throughout these shifting decades of technology-enabled globalization, most countries’ populations became increasingly heterogeneous and divergent with increased diversity of represented races, ethnicities, languages, and various other identity constructs.
Water Quality Monitoring with Emphasis on Estimation of Point and Diffuse Pollution Sources

Population growth, urbanization and anthropogenic activities are becoming a serious problem for water resources in Turkey, which necessitates their monitoring and maintenance of water quality. In this study, water quality was implemented in the Porsuk Stream in Inner Anatolia, Turkey. Water samples were collected at monthly intervals between the period of 2008-2010 at four selected stations. Twenty one water quality parameters were measured which are water temperature (T), pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), electrical conductivity (EC), salinity, turbidity, chloride, suspended solids, dissolved solids, organic nitrogen (Org-N), ammonium nitrogen (NH3-N), nitrite nitrogen (NO2-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N), total organic carbon, biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total coliform, alkalinity, orthophosphate phosphorus (PO43--P), total phosphorus and chlorophyll-a. The monitoring was conducted to see how the water quality changed along the stream in response to various anthropogenic activities. Besides, a paired t-test was utilized to determine the concentration differences at stations above and below the single most important point source of pollutants (Eskişehir city). Moreover, a regression model was used to establish relations between water quality parameters and flow and to estimate nonpoint source loadings.
A Fully Differential Phase-Locked Loop With Reduced LoopBandwidth Variation

Phase-Locked Loops (PLLs) are essential building blocks to wireless communications as they are responsible for implementing the frequency synthesizer within a wireless transceiver. In order to maintain the rapid pace of development thus far seen in wireless technology, the PLL must develop accordingly to meet the increasingly demanding requirements imposed on it by today's (and tomorrows) wireless devices. Speci cally this entails meeting stringent noise speci cations imposed by modern wireless standards, meeting low power consumption budgets to prolong battery lifetimes, operating under reduced supply voltages imposed by modern technology nodes and within the noisy environments of complex system-on-chip (SOC) designs, all in addition to consuming as little silicon area as possible. The ability of the PLL to achieve the above is thus key to its continual progress in enabling wireless technology achieve increasingly powerful products which increasingly bene t our daily lives. This thesis furthers the development of PLLs with respect to meeting the challenges imposed upon it by modern wireless technology, in two ways. Firstly, the thesis describes in detail the advantages to be gained through employing a fully di erential PLL. Speci cally, such PLLs are shown to achieve low noise performance, consume less silicon area than their conventional counterparts whilst consuming similar power, and being better suited to the low supply voltages imposed by continual technology downsizing. Secondly, the thesis proposes a sub-banded VCO architecture which, in addition to satisfying simultaneous requirements for large tuning ranges and low phase noise, achieves signi cant reductions in PLL loop bandwidth variation. First and foremost, this improves on the stability of the PLL in addition to improving its dynamic locking behaviour whilst o ering further improvements in overall noise performance. Since the proposed sub-banded architecture requires no additional power over a conventional sub-banded architecture, the solution thus remains attractive to the realm of low power design. These two developments combine to form a fully di erential PLL with reduced loop bandwidth variation. As such, the resulting PLL is well suited to meeting the increasingly demanding requirements imposed on it by today's (and tomorrows) wireless devices, and thus applicable to the continual development of wireless technology in bene tting our daily lives.
The Communications Miracle: The Telecommunication Pioneers from Morse to the Information Superhighway

Introduction Creators of the Mathematical and Scientific Foundations The First Telegraph and Cable Engineers The First Telephone Engineers Inventors of the Thermionic Valve The Telegraph-Telephone Frequency-Division Multiplex Transmission Engineers Pioneers of Radio Communication Pioneers of Sound Radio Broadcasting Pioneers of Television Broadcasting The Engineers of the Early Multichannel Telephony Coaxial Cable Systems: The First Transatlantic Telephone Cable The First Microwave Radio-Relay Engineers The Inventors of the Transistor and the Microchip: A Worldwide Revolution in Electronics The Creators of Information Theory, Pulse-code Modulation, and Digital Techniques The Pioneers of Electromechanical and Computer-Controlled Electronic Exchange Switching Systems The First Satellite Communication Engineers Pioneers of Long-Distance Waveguide Systems: An Unfulfilled Vision Pioneers of Optical Fiber Communications Systems: The First Transatlantic System Inventors of the Visual Telecommunication Systems Information Technology and Services: Data Communication The Mobile Radio Telecommunications Telecommunications and the Future And Part of which I Was: Recollections of a Research Engineer
Modeling the communication network in a sawmill

Groups of employees communicate with each other in what can be considered networks. Understanding the structure of these communication networks is crucial to the success of wood products producers. This research illustrates the manner in which communication networks can be graphically modeled and quantified using techniques of social network analysis. Data were collected from a mid-sized softwood sawmill to examine the network of communications among employees. The native language of many of the employees was Spanish. Both production and management personnel were included in the sampling. Data were analyzed to produce a fingerprint of the communications structure within the organization, as well as indications of individual power within this structure. Results indicate that certain persons are gatekeepers for information flows between and among functional areas, as well as gatekeepers for information between management and production. These gatekeepers must be recognized in order to diffuse information efficiently throughout the workplace. This research illustrates the importance of communication networks in the manufacturing environment, especiallv for issues related to the interface between production and marketing.
TENSION CRACKS IN SATURATED CLAY CUTTINGS. PROCEEDINGS OF THE ELEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SOIL MECHANICS AND FOUNDATION ENGINEERING, SAN FRANCISCO, 12-16 AUGUST 1985

When analyzing the stability of clay cuttings the occurrence of tension cracks must be considered. In this paper a simple procedure is described to determine the maximum depth of tension cracks for the undrained as well as the drained condition. For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 287689. (Author/TRRL)
The interventions for resilience of breast cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background﻿Breast cancer has now overtaken lung cancer as the world’s mostly commonly-diagnosed cancer. With the increasing prevalence of breast cancer, the psychological problems of breast cancer patients have also received more and more attention from scholars. The aim of our study was to synthesis the available research evidence on the effectiveness of interventions designed to promote or enhance the resilience of breast cancer patients.MethodsWe performed a systematic and comprehensive search of 12 databases from inception to February 4,2021: Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Biology Medicine disc (CBM), WanFang and VIP. We conducted a comprehensive qualification screening of the retrieved records and analysed all the included data using Review Manager Version 5.3 and STATA/SE Version 15.1. ResultsA total of 23 RCTs involving 2,002 women with stage I-Ⅳ breast cancer met the eligibility criteria and 15 of them were included in the meta-analysis. The results showed that the effectiveness of resilience training program (SMD = 0.89; 95% CI 0.54, 1.24; p < 0.00001), health education delivered via mobile devices (SMD = 1.84; 95% CI 0.86, 2.82; p = 0.0002) and peer support (SMD = 2.62; 95% CI 0.61, 4.63; p = 0.01) in the experimental groups was better than that of the control groups. Furthermore, there were seven other kind of interventions which might contribute to improve resilience but with very few evidences available.Conclusion﻿Our findings suggest that resilience training program, health education delivered via mobile devices and peer support are more effective than that of the routine nursing care in improving the resilience of breast cancer patients. In addition, this study cannot draw definitive conclusions regarding the effectiveness of other seven kind of interventions because the sample size in the included is small and cannot be conducted in the meta-analysis. More studies are needed in the future to clarify the effectiveness of these interventions.
Streetfighting: The Rifle Platoon in MOUT

Abstract : MOUT is a complex operation. Effective combat units are able to identify the high payoff tasks required to accomplish their mission, establish solid SOP's, and train to standard. Movement between buildings is where the majority of casualties occur in the village of Shughart-Gordon. This problem is a direct result of a lack of understanding of the nature of MOUT and lack of training emphasis on the specific collective tasks required. Units that emphasize movement between buildings and achieve a level of proficiency at this task will be attacking the source of the single greatest cause of casualties in MOUT. To do so requires us to understand how the enemy fights, focus on the relationship between fire and movement in cities, and the requirement to maintain continuous security as well as a sense of tempo and tactical patience. If we are successful here we will be able to minimize casualties and set up our squads for success as they close with the enemy. We will then be well on our way to accomplishing the mission.
Leading at the Edge of Chaos: How to Create the Nimble Organization

THE NIMBLE CHALLENGE. Execution, Execution, Execution. Confronting the Challenge of Change. THE CONTAINED SLIDE-CREATING THE NIMBLE ORGANIZATION. The Constant Quest. Working in the Nimble Zone. Powering Up for the New Game. HUMAN DUE DILIGENCE. The Human Side of Change. Andy's Desision and Yours. Capacity Versus Demand. NIMBLE LEADERSHIP CAPABILITIES. Strategic Oversight. Change Leadership Styles. Leadership's Personal Resilience. Optimizing Paradigm Life Span. FINE-TUNING THE NIMBLE ORGANIZATION. Conditioning for Constant Turbulence. Expanding Change Knowledge. Genuine Delegation and Empowerment. The Value Of Structured Flexibility. Ensuring Effective Implementation. THE DESTINATION IS THE JOURNEY. Mastering the Leadership Role. Where From Here? Appendices. Notes. Bibliography. About Odr. Index.
Fuzzy-PID hybrid controller for Point-to-point (PTP) positioning system

Motion control systems play an important role in industrial engineering applications such as advanced manufacturing systems, semiconductor manufacturing system and robot systems. Until know, Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controllers are still the most popular controller used in industrial control systems including motion control systems due to their simplicity and also satisfactory performances. The use of PID controller for motion control systems was proposed by many researchers. However, since the PID controller is developed based on the linear control theory, the controller gives inconsistent performance for different condition. In order to overcome this problem, Fuzzy-tuned PID control is proposed. By using fuzzy system in real-time, the PID controller can learn, adapt and change its parameters based on the condition of the controlled-object. The effectiveness of the proposed method is evaluated experimentally in real time using an experimental rotary positioning system. It is confirmed that the proposed system is better than classical PID controller in terms of not only positioning performance but also robustness to inertia variations.
Portfolios Plus: A Critical Guide to Alternative Assessment

PART ONE: ASSESSMENT, THE ENGINE AND ODOMETER OF REFORM Trends and Contexts Paradigms Purposes Scoring Equity PART TWO: EXAMPLES OF ASSESSMENTS Emily Dickinson's Literacy Portfolios LEAP's Curriculum-Based Assessment of Integrated Curriculum Units Walden III's Rite of Passage Experience (ROPE) Eagle's Wing Projects Pan Terra's Learning Contracts PART THREE: THE PORTFOLIO PLANNER
An investigation into Indian apparel and textile supply chain networks

The activities of the Indian clothing industry supplying Western markets have been investigated, with particular reference to identifying where improvements could be made to supply chain management. Focus group discussions, case studies and questionnaire analysis established that long lead-times in pre-production areas were of great concern. However Indian apparel manufacturers were found to be more cost conscious and rather less conscious about the value of time in pre-production areas. It was found that pre-production activities constituted 73% of total manufacturing lead time and have high positive correlation (0.96) with total manufacturing lead time. Preproduction activities in India mainly consist of prototype making and pre-production sample development; of which approval processes were found to have a high correlation (0.63) with pre-production. A significant (more than 50%) time of all activities consist of waiting time, which has positive influence on total lead time (0.86).
Digital Networks and Applications in Underground Coal Mines

An increase in remote monitoring and automation of many aspects of mining operations has seen the demand for more reliable and higher bandwidth communication systems in coal mines. Digital networks have allowed the convergence of many applications onto a single communication backbone in general industry. The opportunity for a similar consolidation of communication infrastructure has driven the introduction of IP based networks into underground mines. One important application has been tracking personnel and equipment via RFID Tags. This tracking application has in turn formed the basis of a Proximity Detection System or a Collision Avoidance System. This convergence of technologies is discussed together with the experience in coal mines of the implementation of new applications, including: • Wi-Fi devices, such as intrinsically safe VoIP Telephones and RFID Tracking; • Network design considerations; • PDA’s, for paperless reporting systems. The growing industry push for Proximity Detection Systems and the initial implementation of Proximity Detection Systems, and in the underground mining environment is discussed together with work on a Longwall Tracking System.
Robotics: Intelligent Machines for the New Century

Fictional robots have long fascinated people's imaginations, and today real robots are becoming more and more common. Robotics gives the reader a thorough understanding of this amazing science and, more generally, the science of artificial intelligence. Coverage includes the anatomy of a robot (vision systems, sensors, and control mechanisms), industrial robots and how they are used around the world, and specialized robots (those used in the military, in space, and in hazardous situations). This new edition of Robotics has been completely revised and updated to chart the numerous advances made in this field since the first edition was published nearly a decade ago. It includes a history of the development of robotics, from ancient times to the present, including a "Robot Family Tree," which displays the five technical "families" that have united to comprise modern robotics. This book provides an overview of the topic and is ideal for the increasing number of "beginners" interested in this growing field.