Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Conducta impulsiva en adolescentes testigos de violencia familiar

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar la conducta impulsiva en un grupo de adolescentes testigos de violencia familiar empleando un paradigma de elección en donde se manipularon cuatro dimensiones del reforzador: calidad, inmediatez, esfuerzo y programa de reforzamiento y comparar su ejecución con adolescentes no testigos de violencia familiar. Participaron un total de 45 adolescentes (28 hombres y 17 mujeres) con rango de edad entre los 14 y 17 años. Todos pertenecientes a una escuela de nivel medio superior de la ciudad de México. Cada participante completó siete sesiones de evaluación de la conducta impulsiva: una línea base, cinco de evaluación y una réplica. Los resultados indican que los adolescentes testigos de violencia familiar no difieren significativamente de su grupo de comparación en el número de elecciones impulsivas cuando la inmediatez compitió contra la calidad, sin embargo, sí hay diferencias cuando la calidad compite contra el esfuerzo en donde los adolescentes testigos de violencia familiar prefieren realizar un menor esfuerzo, aunque implique obtener un reforzador de baja calidad. Los resultados son discutidos en función de la pertinencia de evaluar el constructo de impulsividad a partir de un paradigma de elección dentro de una población no clínica con características específicas.
Certain Discrete Element Methods in Problems of Fracture Mechanics

In this paper two discrete element methods (DEM) are discussed. The free hexagon element method is considered a powerful discrete element method, which is broadly used in mechanics of granular media. It substitutes the methods for solving continuum problems. The great disadvantage of classical DEM, such as the particle flow code (material properties are characterized by spring stiffness), is that they have to be fed with material properties provided from laboratory tests (Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, etc.). The problem consists in the fact that the material properties of continuum methods (FEM, BEM) are not mutually consistent with DEM. This is why we utilize the principal idea of DEM, but cover the continuum by hexagonal elastic, or elastic-plastic, elements. In order to complete the study, another one DEM is discussed. The second method starts with the classical particle flow code (PFC - which uses dynamic equilibrium), but applies static equilibrium. The second method is called the static particle flow code (SPFC). The numerical experience and comparison numerical with experimental results from scaled models are discussed in forthcoming paper by both authors.
Loss of Blink Regularity and Its Impact on Ocular Surface Exposure

(1) Background: Changes in blink parameters have been found to influence ocular surface exposure, eliciting symptoms of dry eye and ocular signs. The aim of the study was to highlight the relevance of including blink regularity as a new parameter to fully characterize blinking; (2) Methods: A novel characterization of blink parameters is described, including spontaneous eyeblink rate (SEBR), percentage of incomplete blinks, and blink regularity. A pilot study was designed in which tear film break-up time (TFBUT), blink parameters, and the time percentage of ocular surface exposure were determined in eight subjects (52.0 ± 16.6 years, 4 females) in three experimental conditions (baseline, reading a hard-copy text, and reading from an electronic display). Blink parameters were monitored through asynchronous image analysis of one minute video segments; (3) Results: All blink parameters were influenced by experimental conditions. A trend was observed in which both reading tasks resulted in an increase in ocular surface exposure, mainly related to a combination of reduced SEBR, increased percentage of incomplete blinks, and loss of blink regularity; (4) Conclusions: A complete characterization of blink parameters is relevant to better understand ocular dryness related to surface exposure and to advice patients towards a reeducation of their blinking habits.
A Survey on Integration of Network Communication into Vehicle Real-Time Motion Control

In the initial period of automobile development, the vast majority of researchers would never have guessed network communications would be applied to vehicles one day. After the advent of CAN, a tremendous amount of intra-vehicle network communication technologies have sprung up throughout the automobile industry. With the introduction of intelligent driving, inter-vehicle network communication technologies have been subsequently developed to complement intra-vehicle network communication technologies and achieve higher-level functions. However, communication and control seem to be advanced independently for a long time and are less connected in actual development. Thus, to promote the fusion of communication and control, this paper provides a comprehensive survey on vehicle real-time motion control considering the adverse influence of network communications (such as network-induced delay, packet dropout, and network congestion) from three aspects: intra-vehicle, inter-vehicle, and integration of these two. To benefit analysis and study, mainstream intra-vehicle and inter-vehicle network communication technologies are first summarized, also with their network architectures. As research is still emerging, several open issues and future challenges of Control over Communications (CoC) are emphasized for further development to enable intelligent driving in the true sense.
Improved tests for stock return predictability

Abstract– Predictive regression methods are widely used to examine the predictability of (excess) stock returns by lagged financial variables characterized by unknown degrees of persistence and endogeneity. We develop a new hybrid test for predictability in these circumstances based on simple regression t-statistics. Where the predictor is endogenous, the optimal, but infeasible, test for predictability is based on the t-statistic on the lagged predictor in the basic predictive regression augmented with the current period innovation driving the predictor. We propose a feasible version of this augmented test, designed for the case where the predictor is an endogenous near-unit root process, using a GLS-based estimate of the innovation used in the infeasible test regression. The limiting null distribution of this statistic depends on both the endogeneity correlation parameter and the local-to-unity parameter characterizing the predictor. A method for obtaining asymptotic critical values is discussed and response surfaces are provided. We compare the asymptotic power properties of the feasible augmented test with those of a (non augmented) t-test recently considered in Harvey et al. and show that the augmented test is more powerful in the strongly persistent predictor case. We then propose using a weighted combination of the augmented statistic and the t-statistic of Harvey et al., where the weights are obtained using the p-values from a unit root test on the predictor. We find this can further improve asymptotic power in cases where the predictor has persistence at or close to that of a unit root process. Our final hybrid testing procedure then embeds the weighted statistic within a switching-based procedure which makes use of a standard predictive regression t-test, compared with standard normal critical values, when there is evidence for the predictor being weakly persistent. Monte Carlo simulations suggest that overall our new hybrid test displays superior finite sample performance to comparable extant tests.
Linoleic Acid: A Narrative Review of the Effects of Increased Intake in the Standard American Diet and Associations with Chronic Disease

The intake of linoleic acid (LA) has increased dramatically in the standard American diet. LA is generally promoted as supporting human health, but there exists controversy regarding whether the amount of LA currently consumed in the standard American diet supports human health. The goal of this narrative review is to explore the mechanisms that underlie the hypothesis that excessive LA intake may harm human health. While LA is considered to be an essential fatty acid and support health when consumed in modest amounts, an excessive intake of LA leads to the formation of oxidized linoleic acid metabolites (OXLAMs), impairments in mitochondrial function through suboptimal cardiolipin composition, and likely contributes to many chronic diseases that became an epidemic in the 20th century, and whose prevalence continues to increase. The standard American diet comprises 14 to 25 times more omega-6 fatty acids than omega-3 fatty acids, with the majority of omega-6 intake coming from LA. As LA consumption increases, the potential for OXLAM formation also increases. OXLAMs have been associated with various illnesses, including cardiovascular disease, cancer, and Alzheimer’s disease, among others. Lowering dietary LA intake can help reduce the production and accumulation of OXLAMs implicated in chronic diseases. While there are other problematic components in the standard American diet, the half-life of LA is approximately two years, which means the damage can be far more persistent than other dietary factors, and the impact of reducing excessive LA intake takes time. Therefore, additional research-evaluating approaches to reduce OXLAM formation and cardiolipin derangements following LA consumption are warranted.
PEAK: Privacy-Enhanced Incentive Mechanism for Distributed -Anonymity in LBS

To motivate users’ assistance for protecting others’ location privacy by distributed <italic>K</italic>-anonymity in Location-Based Service (LBS), many incentive mechanisms have been proposed, where users obtain monetary compensation for their assistance. However, most existing distributed <italic>K</italic>-anonymity incentive mechanisms rely on trusted third parties and ignore users’ malicious strategies, which destroys LBS's distributed structure as well as leads to users’ privacy leakage and incentive ineffectiveness. To solve the above problems, we propose a <underline>P</underline>rivacy-<underline>E</underline>nhanced incentive mech<underline>A</underline>nism for distributed <italic><underline>K</underline></italic>-anonymity (PEAK). With determining the monetary transaction relationship and location transmission between users, PEAK enables the anonymous cloaking region construction without the trusted server. Meanwhile, PEAK devises role identification mechanism and accountability mechanism to restrain and punish malicious users, which protects users’ location privacy and implements effective motivation on users’ assistance. Theoretical analysis based on the game theory shows that PEAK constrains users’ malicious strategies while satisfying individual rationality, computational efficiency, and satisfaction ratio. Extensive experiments based on the real-world dataset demonstrate that PEAK improves security and feasibility, especially reaching the success rate of anonymous cloaking region construction to more than 90<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\%$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mo>%</mml:mo></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="zhang-ieq1-3295451.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> and decreasing the malicious users’ utilities significantly.
Motivation and Compensation on Employee Performance

This research was conducted aiming to find out how the motivation and compensation received by employees, as well as to determine the effects of motivation and compensation on employee performance at PT. Hadji Kalla Branch Urip Sumoharjo. In this study, the population is all employees of PT. Hadji Kalla of Urip Sumoharjo Branch numbered 190 people. Researchers used several data collection techniques, namely questionnaires, observation, document review and interviews. The types of data used in this study consisted of quantitative data and qualitative data. The source of this research data is primary data, namely data directly obtained from data sources or research subjects. The data obtained using descriptive statistical analysis method, inferential statistical analysis. Descriptive statistical analysis used in this research is descriptive analysis, namely the analysis that suggests about the respondent's personal data, which was obtained from the respondents' answers through questionnaires. The result of this research is the motivation variable has a significant influence on the performance of the employees of PT. Hadji Kalla Branch Urip Sumoharjo and compensation variables have a significant influence on the performance of employees of PT. Hadji Kalla Branch Urip Sumoharjo.
Optional Affix Hosting in Korean Coordinate Structures

Optionality in specification of morpho-syntactic properties is considered one of the most prominent characteristics of agglutinative languages. As a canonically agglutinative language, Korean also enjoys optionality in the marking of single words. In coordinate structures, however, the agglutinative affixation exhibits much less freedom: due to its highly hierarchical, strictly head-final nature, Korean syntax demonstrates a strong tendency towards obligatory affix dropping from non-final conjuncts, while optionality of marking is a restricted phenomenon, not yet described in sufficient detail. Optional phenomena belong to a specific area of linguistics that is not very favoured by modern theoretic frameworks, which tend to represent languages through a rigid binary system of prescribing rules and prohibiting constraints, whereas optionality is considered as a problematic and unwelcome exception lying outside the core grammar. Focusing on peculiarities of Korean inflection in coordinate structures, I introduce and explore the phenomenon of optional affix hosting (OAH), under which I understand all cases that offer two regular options: to either affix or not affix the hosting stem/root of one conjunct, if the second one is already affixed identically. The main questions discussed in my dissertation are as follows: If optionality is not an automatic process (i.e. allowed for all items all the time), what is the inner mechanism of OAH? Why do languages preserve an option to specify the same property twice, if they do not have to? Are there any cross-linguistically valid generalizations which can be made about OAH? Optional hosting of Korean verbal inflection is observed first. Comparing suffix slot structures of final and non-final predicates, I determine which affixes may optionally surface in both verbal conjuncts and under which conditions. It is shown that positionally and functionally more central inflectional affixes (i.e. those encoding subject honorification, perfect aspect or volitative modality) are less sensitive to the hierarchical nature of the ‘chaining’ (à la Longacre 1985) Korean verbal conjoining: they can survive in any environment, either coordinate or subordinate. More peripheral past tense marker and epistemic modality marker undergo obligatory omission from
Projective class rings of the category of Yetter-Drinfeld modules over the $ 2 $-rank Taft algebra

In this paper, all simple Yetter-Drinfeld modules and indecomposable projective Yetter-Drinfeld modules over the $ 2 $-rank Taft algebra $ \mathcal{\bar{A}} $ are construted and classified by Radford's method of constructing Yetter-Drinfeld modules over a Hopf algebra. Furthermore, the projective class ring of the category of Yetter-Drinfeld modules over $ \mathcal{\bar{A}} $ is described explicitly by generators and relations.
Firn Evolution at Camp Century, Greenland

Camp Century is an American military base built in 1959 under the surface of the Greenland ice sheet and decommissioned in 1967. Here, we use outputs from RACMO2.3p2 and CanESM2 climate models, adjusted to meteorological observations, and a ﬁ rn model to simulate the ﬁ rn density and temperature at Camp Century between 1966 and 2100. The model output is evaluated against an extensive set of ﬁ rn 3observations and three Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP2.6, 4.5 and 8.5) are considered as future scenarios. Our model suggests that the upper horizon of the Camp Century debris ﬁ eld – observed at a depth of 32 m in 2017 – will continue to be buried by persistent net accumulation over the next eighty years under all RCP scenarios. This horizon depth will be between 58 and 64 m in 2100, depending on the RCP scenario. We estimate a maximum meltwater percolation depth of 1.1 m under all RCP scenarios. We therefore ﬁ nd it extremely unlikely that surface meltwater interacts with the subsurface debris ﬁ eld at Camp Century before 2100 under all RCP scenarios. Camp Century ’ s future is representative of the ﬁ rn area in northwestern Greenland, bound to shift from dry snow to a percolation regime. Our model suggests that 10 m ﬁ rn temperatures at Camp Century will increase from − 24.0 ° C in 1966 to − 21.3, − 20.0 and − 18.6 ° C in 2100 under the RCP2.6, 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios, respectively. We reveal a previously unknown warm bias in air temperatures simulated at Camp Century by both RACMO2.3p2 and CanESM2 climate models which needs to be accounted for when using these models to predict melt, ﬁ rn evolution and sea-level contribution of the Greenland ice sheet. We also present novel in situ measurements of ﬁ rn compaction rates, which indicate that about 25% of ﬁ rn compaction of the top 62 m of ﬁ rn occurs below 20 m depth. This highlights the importance of deep- ﬁ rn compaction measurements for model evaluation and correction of altimetry products.
Recent applications on biopolymers electrospinning: strategies, challenges and way forwards

ABSTRACT Technical advancements in electrospinning are crucial in determining an effective approach for boosting the fiber production rate and, more generally, increasing electrospinnability in the case of biopolymers. This review provides comprehensive guidance on the current methods used to produce biopolymers nanofibers. It includes blending synthetic or natural polymers in a biopolymer solution, using ionic liquids instead of organic solvents, various crosslinking strategies, and chemically modifying biopolymers. In addition, the solution parameters are given special attention because they are key parameters that must be well-manipulated. This review summarizes the use of biopolymer nanofibres in water purification, food packaging, and biomedical applications. Graphical abstract
Berry-Esseen bounds for compound-Poisson loss percentiles

The Berry–Esseen (BE) theorem of probability theory is employed to establish bounds on percentile estimates for compound-Poisson loss portfolios. We begin by arguing that these bounds should not be based upon the exact BE constant, but rather upon a possibly lower, asymptotic counterpart for which the Lyapunov fraction converges uniformly to zero. We use this constant to construct two bounds – one approximate, and the other exact – and then propose a simple numerical criterion for determining whether the Gaussian approximation affords sufficient accuracy for a given Poisson mean and individual-loss distribution. Applying this criterion to the cases of gamma and lognormal individual losses, we find there exists a positive lower bound for the minimum Poisson mean necessary to achieve a fixed degree of accuracy for losses generated by the ‘best-case’ individual-loss distribution. Further investigation of this ‘best case’ reveals that large minimum Poisson means (i.e. 700) are required to achieve reasonable accuracy for the 99th percentile associated with these losses. Finally, we consider how the upper BE bound of a tail percentile may be applied to a common practical problem: selecting excess-of-loss reinsurance retentions.
Association of Dietary Sodium-to-Potassium Ratio with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Korean Adults: Findings from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

High-sodium and low-potassium intakes are interdependently linked to hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. We investigated the associations of dietary sodium-to-potassium (Na/K) ratio with cardiometabolic risk factors in 12,996 Korean adults (≥30 years) from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Ⅶ (2016–2018). Food intake was assessed through 24 h dietary recall data. Participants were divided into thirds based on their dietary Na/K ratio, with mean molar Na/K ratios of 1.11 (low), 1.92 (medium), and 3.21 (high). Although no significant associations were found between the dietary Na/K level and the risk of hypertension, obesity, and diabetes in all participants, the high Na/K ratio group had a higher risk of hypertension compared to the low Na/K ratio group in older adults (≥65 years) after adjusting for confounding factors (odds ratio = 1.38, 95% confidence interval: 1.10–1.72). Moreover, a higher Na/K ratio was associated with an increased risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in all participants (p for trend = 0.0020). Within MetS components, abdominal obesity, elevated triglycerides, and elevated blood pressure were positively associated with the Na/K level. The food groups positively associated with a lower Na/K ratio were fruits, unsalted vegetables, nuts, potatoes, and dairy products. These findings suggest that a high dietary Na/K ratio may be an important risk factor for hypertension in older adults and MetS in all adults.
EDUCATION AND RESEARCH DUALITY – THE DETERMINING CHARACTERISTIC OF HIGHER EDUCATION

The article, based on new empirical data, semantic analysis and systematic interpretation of the concepts of “education”, “science”, “research and development” (R&D), deepens and expands the understanding of higher education as a dichotomy of education and research. The subordinated character of such dichotomy is demonstrated, when the main (primary) role belongs to education and supplementary (secondary), although essential, to R&D. It is argued that the first two subordinately related keywords in the mission statements of higher education institutions – “education” and “research” – serve as canonical birthmark and a criterion for identifying these institutions. The immanent dichotomy of higher education can be implemented in two ways: 1) as the dual “teaching and research” function of the academic staff (the main mode) and 2) via organization of R&D as a separate HEI activity, additionally to the main mode. According to the ratio of educational and research activities, HEIs can be divided into two types: academic (research) and professional (applied). By calculating the magnitude of correlations, it is proved that organization of national higher education and research areas depends on the size of the country and its resources, which overrules the incorrect comparison of Ukraine with small countries. The juxtaposition of universities and research institutions (academies) in Ukraine in order to diminish the role of the latter, following the example of small countries, instigates the disorganisation of domestic higher education and research areas and contradicts the laws and trends of world development.
The importance in Spectral Karyotyping (SKY)

Spectral Karyotyping (SKY) is one of the most useful cytogenetic techniques for detecting the whole genome in all types of chromosomal abnormalities in any individual. This is because all types of chromosomal abnormalities affect many genes, leading to cancers and many types of syndromes such as Edward's and Down's syndromes, which result in mental disabilities, malformations, and/or improperly developed body parts in affected individuals. This review will explain how Spectral karyotyping works and how it is performed. In addition, the classification of chromosomal abnormalities is explained.