Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Flow characteristics in the water-cooled channel of the MHD accelerator

Many problems related with the development of a hypersonic vehicle and development of new thermal protection materials are directly related to the possibility of conducting a wide range of laboratory researches under conditions that are close to the real flight conditions as possible. In this connection, the work on the formation of high-enthalpy and high-speed gas flows in ground-based installations is of special importance. It is shown in this paper that the flow characteristics required can be achieved using the experimental setup with a magnetohydrodynamic accelerator after its updating. The feature of this research facility is that more than half of the electric energy supplied from electric circuit is converted directly into the kinetic energy of the flow. Preliminary analytical and experimental studies of the MHD accelerator with a water-cooled channel allow one to conclude that a hypersonic flow with duration up to 10 s is formed at the SMGDU path. The total enthalpy in the core of the flow is close to 20 MJ/kg, while a required high level of total pressure is being maintained. The facility with such flow parameters becomes unique and allows one to significantly expand the range of ground-based testing, for example, testing of thermal protection systems, and testing of novel contactless flow control methods for hypersonic flight conditions.
Concentration inequalities for Poisson point processes with applications to non-parametric statistics

In the first part of this thesis we derive new concentration inequalities for maxima of empirical processes associated with independent but not necessarily identically distributed Poisson point processes. The proofs are based on a careful application of Ledoux's entropy method. In the second part of the thesis, we show potential applications of the concentration results derived in the first part to non-parametric statistics: we consider intensity estimation for Poisson point processes from direct (Chapter 3) and indirect (Chapter 4) observations and non-parametric Poisson regression (Chapter 5). For all the considered models we develop a minimax theory (upper and lower bounds) under abstract smoothness assumptions on the unknown functional parameter. We study projection estimators in terms of trigonometric basis functions. The performance of these estimators crucially depends on the choice of a dimension parameter. For all our applications, we propose a fully data-driven selection of the dimension parameter based on model selection. The resulting adaptive estimators either attain optimal rates of convergence or are suboptimal only by a logarithmic factor.
Mechanical sensorless LPV torque ripple control of hybrid electric vehicle

: This research concerns the vibration reduction transmitted by the thermal engine to the drivetrain. In the context of a hybrid electric vehicle, the use of an electric synchronous machine, more specifically a permanent magnet synchronous machine, is recommended to partly ensure vehicle propulsion but also to mitigate the torque pulsations generated by the engine. Most strategies using this propulsion method require a very accurate position sensor. However, instead of using a sensor, this research proposes the use of a position/speed observer. This approach is combined with linear parameter varying control to guarantee consistent performance during speed transients. Thus, this strategy does not use additional hardware for a hybrid drive and consumes very little additional electrical energy (excluding the electrical losses in the motor and the inverter). These methods are illustrated within the context of an urban trip and clearly show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Binding Affinity of Trastuzumab and Pertuzumab Monoclonal Antibodies to Extracellular HER2 Domain

The binding affinity of trastuzumab and pertuzumab to HER2 has been studied using both experimental and in silico methods. The experiments were conducted using the antibodies in their complete IgG form, as used in clinical therapy, and the extracellular domain of the HER2 protein in solution. This approach provides a precise, reproducible, and reliable view of the interaction between them in physicochemical conditions similar to those found in the tumoral environment. Dynamic light scattering and size exclusion chromatography coupled with tetra detection were utilized to characterize the protein complexes, measure their concentrations, and calculate the equilibrium-free binding energy, ΔGbind. In addition, PRODIGY, a QSAR-like model with excellent predictive ability, was employed to obtain in silico ΔGbind estimations. The results obtained indicate that pertuzumab exhibits a slightly higher binding affinity to HER2 than trastuzumab. The difference in binding affinity was explained based on the contribution of the different interfacial contact (IC) descriptors to the ΔGbind value estimated by the PRODIGY model. Furthermore, experiments revealed that the pertuzumab IgG antibody binds preferentially to two HER2 proteins, one per Fab fragment, while trastuzumab mainly forms a monovalent complex. This finding was interpreted based on a geometrical model that identified steric crowding in the trastuzumab–HER2 complex as compared with the pertuzumab–HER2 complex.
Proxemic : Interaksi Elemen Desain dan Pengguna Ruang Studi Kasus "Dialektika Café"

Penelitian ini membahas bagaimana proses interaksi antara desain dan pengguna ruang café dialektika dalam kerangka proxemic, Dialektika café dipilih karena memiliki kareakter unik dari sebuah café yang memadukan fitur book and cofeeshop dalam satu ruang interaksi yang sama. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi perilaku. Penelitian studi perilaku dilakukan dengan observasi lapangan dengan menggunakan metoda place centered mapping, hasil pemetaan perilaku lalu dibahas dengan pisau analisis pola interaksi dan elemen kunci dalam proxemic. Hasil pembahasan ditemukan bahwa interaksi dalam ruang dialektika cafe banyak ditentukan oleh identitas, orientasi dan pergerakan pengunjung dalam berinteraksi, namun juga ditemukan elemen jarak yang mempengaruhi pola interaksi proxemic dalam ruang dialektika café. This study discusses the process of interaction between design and users of the dialectical café space within the proxemic framework. Dialectics café was chosen because it has the unique character of a café that combines book and coffee shop features in the same interaction space. This study uses a qualitative research method with a behavioral study approach. Behavior research was carried out by field observation using the place-centered mapping method, the results of behavioral disturbances were then discussed using an analysis of interaction patterns and key elements in proxemic. The results of the discussion found that interactions in the dialectical space of cafes are mostly determined by the identity, orientation, and movement of visitors in interacting, but it is also found that the element of distance influences the pattern of proxemic interactions in the dialectical space of the café.
Foot Sole Contact Forces vs. Ground Contact Forces to Obtain Foot Joint Moments for In-Shoe Gait—A Preliminary Study

In-shoe models are required to extend the clinical application of current multisegment kinetic models of the bare foot to study the effect of foot orthoses. Work to date has only addressed marker placement for reliable kinematic analyses. The purpose of this study is to address the difficulties of recording contact forces with available sensors. Ten participants walked 5 times wearing two different types of footwear by stepping on a pressure platform (ground contact forces) while wearing in-shoe pressure sensors (foot sole contact forces). Pressure data were segmented by considering contact cells’ anteroposterior location, and were used to compute 3D moments at foot joints. The mean values and 95% confidence intervals were plotted for each device per shoe condition. The peak values and times of forces and moments were computed per participant and trial under each condition, and were compared using mixed-effect tests. Test–retest reliability was analyzed by means of intraclass correlation coefficients. The curve profiles from both devices were similar, with higher joint moments for the instrumented insoles at the metatarsophalangeal joint (~26%), which were lower at the ankle (~8%) and midtarsal (~15%) joints, although the differences were nonsignificant. Not considering frictional forces resulted in ~20% lower peaks at the ankle moments compared to previous studies, which employed force plates. The device affected both shoe conditions in the same way, which suggests the interchangeability of measuring joint moments with one or the other device. This hypothesis was reinforced by the intraclass correlation coefficients, which were higher for the peak values, although only moderate-to-good. In short, both considered alternatives have drawbacks. Only the instrumented in-soles provided direct information about foot contact forces, but it was incomplete (evidenced by the difference in ankle moments between devices). However, recording ground reaction forces offers the advantage of enabling the consideration of contact friction forces (using force plates in series, or combining a pressure platform and a force plate to estimate friction forces and torque), which are less invasive than instrumented insoles (which may affect subjects’ gait).
Testing the sensitivity of the CAESAR-Lisflood landscape evolution model to grid cell size

Abstract. Landscape evolution models (LEMs) are useful for understanding how large-scale processes and perturbations influence the development of the surface of the Earth and other planets. With their increasing sophistication and improvements in computational power, they are finding greater uptake in analyses at finer spatial and temporal scales. For many LEMs, the land surface is represented by a grid of regularly spaced and sized grid cells, or pixels, referred to as a digital elevation model (DEM), yet despite the importance of the DEM to LEM studies, there has been little work to understand the influence of grid cell size (i.e. resolution) on model behaviour. This is despite the choice of grid cell size being arbitrary for many studies, with users needing to balance detail with computational efficiency. Using the Morris method (MM) for global sensitivity analysis, the sensitivity of the CAESAR-Lisflood LEM to the grid cell size is evaluated relative to a set of influential user-defined parameters, showing that it had a similar level of influence as a key hydrological parameter and the choice of sediment transport law. Outputs relating to discharge and sediment yields remained stable across different grid cell sizes until the cells became so large that the representation of the hydrological network degraded. Although total sediment yields remained steady when changing the grid cell sizes, closer analysis revealed that using a coarser grid resulted in it being built up from fewer yet more geomorphically active events, risking outputs that are “the right answer but for the wrong reasons”. These results are important considerations for modellers using LEMs and the methodologies detailed provide solutions to understanding the impacts of modelling choices on outputs.
VP3 Phage Combined with High Salt Promotes the Lysis of Biofilm-Associated Vibrio cholerae

Cholera, caused by pathogenic Vibrio cholerae, poses a significant public health risk through water and food transmission. Biofilm-associated V. cholerae plays a crucial role in seasonal cholera outbreaks as both a reservoir in aquatic environments and a direct source of human infection. Although VP3, a lytic phage, shows promise in eliminating planktonic V. cholerae from the aquatic environment, its effectiveness against biofilm-associated V. cholerae is limited. To address this limitation, our proposed approach aims to enhance the efficacy of VP3 in eliminating biofilm-associated V. cholerae by augmenting the availability of phage receptors on the surface of Vibrio cholerae. TolC is a receptor of VP3 and a salt efflux pump present in many bacteria. In this study, we employed NaCl as an enhancer to stimulate TolC expression and observed a significant enhancement of TolC expression in both planktonic and biofilm cells of V. cholerae. This enhancement led to improved adsorption of VP3. Importantly, our findings provide strong evidence that high salt concentrations combined with VP3 significantly improve the elimination of biofilm-associated V. cholerae. This approach offers a potential strategy to eliminate biofilm-formation bacteria by enhancing phage–host interaction.
Ovarian Follicular Response Is Altered by Salpingectomy in Assisted Reproductive Technology: A Pre- and Postoperative Case–Control Study

Objectives: The goal of this study was to assess the effect of unilateral salpingectomy on the number of mature follicles in the ipsilateral ovary during an assisted reproductive technology (ART) stimulation cycle, as compared to the contralateral ovary. Methods: This was a retrospective, single-center, case–control cohort study conducted from 2017 to 2022. Patients from 18 to 43 years old who underwent at least one ART cycle before and after a unilateral salpingectomy were included. The number of recruited follicles, including mature (≥16 mm) and intermediate follicles (13–15.5 mm), on the salpingectomy side (case) were compared to those present on the contralateral ovary (control) during an ART attempt. To take into account the inter-ovarian variability, the comparison was performed on two ART cycles, performed before then after the salpingectomy. Results: Overall, 24 patients were included in our study. While the number of mature follicles was similar in both ovaries before surgery, the mean number of mature follicles was significantly reduced after salpingectomy in the operated side, as compared to the control side, being, respectively 3.00 vs. 5.08 (p = 0.048). There was no significant difference between the intermediate and total recruited follicles. Conclusions: Our study suggests that salpingectomy may impact the follicle recruitment on the ipsilateral side by altering the vascularization during mesosalpinx coagulation. Gynecologists should be mindful of this concept and accurately set surgical indications. Beyond the indication, this emphasizes the critical role of having infertility surgeons sensitive to fertility preservation for optimal management of ART patients. Further studies with larger patient populations are required to confirm these results.
The effects of electronic-based lifestyle interventions on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review

Objective Lifestyle interventions are increasingly becoming an integrated part of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) management. Electronic lifestyle interventions may be able to expand the access and utility of this approach. This study aimed to synthesize the evidence for the effects of electronic-based lifestyle interventions on weight, anthropometric, and liver enzyme measurements in patients with NAFLD. Methods Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched up to February 2023. Clinical trials investigating the effects of electronic lifestyle interventions on weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and liver enzymes in NAFLD patients were reviewed. After reviewing full-text articles, seven clinical trials were included in the systematic review. Results Two articles included telephone calls, one was based on text messaging, two studies were based on web-based lifestyle modifications, and two used mobile apps. Except for one, all other six studies indicated a significant impact on weight loss. BMI was reported in six of seven studies. Except for one, BMI was significantly reduced in the group receiving e-health. WC was reported in four studies, which indicated a significant reduction in the e-health intervention group. Alanine transaminase (ALT) was reported in all the included studies. Except for two, others demonstrated a significant improvement in ALT in the e-health intervention groups. As reported in four studies, Aspartate transaminase (AST) significantly decreased in the group receiving e-health interventions, except in one study. Conclusions The results support applying electronic lifestyle interventions in NAFLD patients to reduce weight, BMI, WC, AST, and ALT.
Processos quase estáticos, reversibilidade e os limites da Termodinâmica

Resumo Este trabalho apresenta, por meio do formalismo clássico dos cursos de termodinâmica, um estudo da relação entre a natureza quase estática de um processo termodinâmico e sua reversibilidade. Além disso, a partir dos resultados obtidos ao supor a reversibilidade para um processo termodinâmico composto por um subprocesso fundamentalmente irreversível, exploramos os limites de aplicação das leis da termodinâmica e as nuances contidas nas suas formulações gerais. Consideramos que este artigo possui dois caráteres bem definidos: o didático e o fundamental. O caráter didático fica evidente quando utilizamos as técnicas de cálculo para a extração das quantidades termodinâmicas nos processos infinitesimais e ao colocar o leitor em contato com as técnicas de demonstração por contradição (se uma hipótese leva a uma contradição, ela não pode ser tomada). Ambas as técnicas podem ser vistas como essenciais na abordagem de um número imenso de problemas em Física. Do ponto de vista fundamental, conseguimos evidenciar a íntima relação entre a Primeira e a Segunda leis da Termodinâmica quando lidamos com a determinação das condições de reversibilidade e existência dos processos termodinâmicos.
Adaptive finite time command filtered backstepping control design for a class of uncertain full state constrained strict‐feedback nonlinear systems

This article investigates an adaptive finite time command filtered backstepping control design for a class of uncertain full state constrained strict‐feedback nonlinear systems. The proposed adaptive control strategy is constructed by combining the barrier Lyapunov functions (BLFs), the adaptive command filtered backstepping control method and the finite time control theory. The BLFs are utilized to overcome the violation of the full state constraints. The proposed adaptive control approach is introduced to avoid the problem of the explosion of complexity and the compensating signals are designed to eliminate the influence of the filtering errors caused by the command filters. Moreover, based on the Lyapunov stability theory, it is proved that all the signals of the closed‐loop system are practical finite time stable and the full state constraints are not violated. To verify the efficiency of the proposed adaptive control scheme, simulation results are provided for electromechanical system.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DEPRESSION AND ACADEMIC PROCRASTINATION IN EFL CLASSROOM

Depression among students is a common issue that is believed to have a great impact on their academic performance. In the academic environment, depression among students leads to another problem such as procrastination, which causes academic failure. This kind of procrastination is called academic procrastination. The current study aimed to have a deep investigation into the relationship between students’ depression and their academic procrastination. In collecting the data, it applied the quantitative method through the distribution of a questionnaire to 100 students or research subjects. Then the data was analyzed by SPSS. In the analysis, the correlation test was carried out which resulted in r = . 356, p = . 001. This shows that there is a positive correlation between depression and academic procrastination. Students with high levels of depression have high levels of procrastination.
Invariants of HOPF actions on path algebras of quivers

The work of this thesis focuses primarily on non-commutative algebras and actions of Hopf algebras. Specifically, we study the possible H-module algebra structures which can be imposed on path algebras of quivers, for a variety of Hopf algebras, H, and then given a possible action, classify the invariant ring. A Hopf algebra is a bialgebra (H,μ, η,∆, ε) together with an antipode S : H → H which is compatible with the counit, ε, of H. A quiver is a directed graph, and the path algebra kQ of a quiver Q is a vector space where all the paths of the quiver form a basis, and multiplication is given by concatenation of paths whenever possible, and zero otherwise. In their paper, [9], Kinser and Walton classify Hopf actions of a specific family of Hopf algebras called a Taft algebras, T (n), on path algebras of loopless, finite, Schurian quivers. In this thesis, we extend their result to path algebras of any finite quiver and classify the invariant subring, kQ , in the case where the group like element g ∈ T (n) acts transitively on Q0. In the future, we hope that the ideas presented in this work extend to a classification of quantum groups, such as uq(sl2), acting on path algebras of finite quivers.
Macroeconomic determinants of unemployment in Nepal

The relationship between unemployment and macroeconomic variables is complex, but it is generally accepted that increasing GDP, trade, and expansionary monetary policy lead to a decrease in the rate of unemployment. This paper tests this hypothesis for Nepal using time series data from 1991 to 2021 and a simple time series model. It is found that the increase in GDP, trade openness, money supply, and the rate of inflation decrease the unemployment rate in Nepal. These results have huge policy implications.
Fire Detection Method Based on Improved Convolutional Neural Network with Random Inactivation

—In view of the poor generalization ability in the process of fire detection, a fire detection method of the convolutional neural network (CNN) optimized by dropout based on inactivation probability is proposed. Firstly, CNN is trained by setting different inactivation probabilities for different convolution layers. Then the trained model is applied to the test set to determine the accuracy, false alarm rate, and accuracy rate. Multiple sets of data are obtained through repeated experiments. The inactivation probability of each convolution layer is finally predicted using a variety of data from the processes above. The optimal inactivation probability is used for optimizing the network to improve the generalization ability. Compared with other common methods, the proposed method has a lower false alarm rate and a higher detection accuracy under the same experimental settings. The accuracy of fire detection in various environments is above 91%, which effectively improves the generalization of the CNN. It plays a specific role in promoting fire detection research.
Preliminary results of the AMIGA engineering array at the Pierre Auger Observatory

The Auger Muons and Infill for the Ground Array (AMIGA) aims to both extend the detection range of the Pierre Auger Observatory down to energies ∼ 1016.5 eV and to measure the muon content of extensive air showers. To accomplish these goals, its detection system is composed of an array of coupled water-Cherenkov and scintillation detectors deployed in a graded triangular grid of 433 and 750 m spacings. At each position, the scintillation detector is buried 2.3 m deep so as to shield it from the air shower electromagnetic component and thus only measure the muon component. These muon detectors have 30 m2 area split into modules, each of them highly segmented in 64 plastic-scintillator strips with an embedded wavelength-shifter optical fiber to transport light to an optical sensor located at the center of the module. During the engineering array phase (finished in November 2017) two module areas (5 m2 and 10 m2) and two optical sensors (photo-multiplier tubes and silicon-photomultipliers) were tested. In this work, we present the final performance of the muon detectors equipped with silicon-photomultipliers which were thereafter selected as the baseline design for the AMIGA production phase. Analyses and results are based both on laboratory and field measurements.