Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gas Inflows, Star Formation and Metallicity Evolution in Galaxy Pairs

Abstract It has been known since many decades that galaxy interactions can induce star formation (hereafter SF) enhancements and that one of the driving mechanisms of this enhancement is related to gas inflows into the central galaxy regions, induced by asymmetries in the stellar component, like bars. In the last years many evidences have been accumulating, showing that interacting pairs have central gas-phase metallicities lower than those of field galaxies, by ~0.2–0.3 dex on average. These diluted ISM metallicities have been explained as the result of inflows of metal-poor gas from the outer disk to the galaxy central regions. A number of questions arises: What's the timing and the duration of this dilution? How and when does the SF induced by the gas inflow enrich the circum-nuclear gas with re-processed material? Is there any correlation between the timing and strength of the dilution and the timing and intensity of the SF? By means of Tree-SPH simulations of galaxy major interactions, we have studied the effect that gas inflows have on the ISM dilution, and the effect that the induced SF has, subsequently, in re-enriching the nuclear gas. In this contribution, we present the main results of this study.
Impact of Covid-19 Infection on Pregnancy: Scoping Review

The current COVID-19 pandemic is considered an example of a natural disaster with so much global health burden, over 22 million people worldwide contracted it and more than 791,000 people died. The purpose of compiling this Scoping Review is to obtain evidence based and case descriptions, impacts, vertical transmission of Covid-19 infection in pregnant women. Using Scoping Review data obtained from Pubmed, ScienceDirect and Ebscohost. Furthermore, an assessment and mapping of themes is carried out. An article that discusses COVID-19 infection in pregnant women. There are patients who experience the most common symptoms such as cough and fever, there are pregnancy impacts from pregnant women who are positive for COVID-19 such as abortion, premature birth, Caesarean section and death. There is no vertical transmission from mother to fetus. Pregnant women are susceptible to severe illness in case of viral infection. There are impacts of COVID-19 infection on pregnancy including abortion, premature, caesarean section and death. There is no vertical transmission from mother to fetus.
Dispersion relation and instability for an anisotropic nonuniform flowing plasma

A generalized formula for wave instability is developed for an anisotropic nonuniform plasma with finite flows and temperatures. Six-moment fluid equations are solved to give the analytic expression for wave instability in arbitrarily nonuniform plasmas. The analytic formula explicitly states the dependence of wave instability on the nonuniformities of number density, flow velocity, and anisotropic or isotropic pressure. The accuracy of the formalism is verified by a numerical calculation of implicit dispersion relations in complex Fourier space. The analysis shows that nonuniformity plays a critical role in plasma instability, while the flow velocity and anisotropic pressures determine the growth rate of the instability. The instability diagram and associated instability criterion for anisotropy-driven instability are introduced as applications of the formalism.
Unravelling the Diversity and Abundance of the Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes) Faecal Resistome and the Phenotypic Antibiotic Susceptibility of Indicator Bacteria

Simple Summary Antimicrobial resistance was considered one of the major concerns of the twenty-first century by the World Health Organization in 2014. A holistic approach known as “One Health” recognizes the connections and interdependence between the health of people, domestic and wild animals, plants, and the ecosystem. The red fox is the most widespread wild canid in Europe that adapts easily and is distributed in natural environments and urban and peri-urban areas due to its increasing abundance. Foxes are reservoirs and disseminators of antibiotic resistance and zoonotic agents. They interact with watercourses, soils and livestock, and although they have no gastronomic interest, they are a game species, highlighting the potential risk of contamination between them and the hunters. Our main goal was to characterize antibiotic resistance in red foxes. Several clinically relevant antibiotic resistance genes were identified, as well as multidrug-resistant bacteria. Abstract The WHO considers that antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is among the ten greatest global public health risks of the 21st century. The expansion of human populations and anthropogenically related activities, accompanied by the fragmentation of natural habitats, has resulted in increased human–wildlife interaction. Natural ecosystems are therefore subjected to anthropogenic inputs, which affect the resistome of wild animals. Thus, urgent multisectoral action is needed to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals following the One Health approach. The present work falls within the scope of this approach and aims to characterize the AMR of the faecal microbiome of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes), an opportunistic and generalist synanthropic species whose abundance has been increasing in urban and peri-urban areas. A high number of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) were screened and quantified using a high-throughput qPCR approach, and the antimicrobial susceptibility of cultivable E. coli and Enterococcus spp. were assessed interpreted with both ECOFFs and clinical breakpoints. The most abundant ARGs detected confer resistance to trimethoprim and tetracyclines, although the first were absent in one of the locations studied. Several ARGs considered to be threats to human health were identified in high relative abundances (blaTEM, ermB, aadA, tetM, tetW, tetL, drfA1 and drfA17), especially in the geographical area with greater anthropogenic influence. Although at a low percentage, resistant and multidrug-resistant (MDR) E. coli and Enterococcus spp. were isolated, including one MDR E. coli showing resistance to 12 antimicrobials from 6 different classes.
SUB-KILOPARSEC IMAGING OF COOL MOLECULAR GAS IN TWO STRONGLY LENSED DUSTY, STAR-FORMING GALAXIES

We present spatially resolved imaging obtained with the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) of three CO lines in two high-redshift gravitationally lensed dusty star-forming galaxies, discovered by the South Pole Telescope. Strong lensing allows us to probe the structure and dynamics of the molecular gas in these two objects, at z = 2.78 and z = 5.66, with effective source-plane resolution of less than 1 kpc. We model the lensed emission from multiple CO transitions and the dust continuum in a consistent manner, finding that the cold molecular gas as traced by low-J CO always has a larger half-light radius than the 870 μm dust continuum emission. This size difference leads to up to 50% differences in the magnification factor for the cold gas compared to dust. In the z = 2.78 galaxy, these CO observations confirm that the background source is undergoing a major merger, while the velocity field of the other source is more complex. We use the ATCA CO observations and comparable resolution Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array dust continuum imaging of the same objects to constrain the CO–H2 conversion factor with three different procedures, finding good agreement between the methods and values consistent with those found for rapidly star-forming systems. We discuss these galaxies in the context of the star formation—gas mass surface density relation, noting that the change in emitting area with observed CO transition must be accounted for when comparing high-redshift galaxies to their lower redshift counterparts.
MIGRATION TRAPS IN DISKS AROUND SUPERMASSIVE BLACK HOLES

Accretion disks around supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in active galactic nuclei (AGNs) contain stars, stellar mass black holes, and other stellar remnants, which perturb the disk gas gravitationally. The resulting density perturbations exert torques on the embedded masses causing them to migrate through the disk in a manner analogous to planets in protoplanetary disks. We determine the strength and direction of these torques using an empirical analytic description dependent on local disk gradients, applied to two different analytic, steady-state disk models of SMBH accretion disks. We find that there are radii in such disks where the gas torque changes sign, trapping migrating objects. Our analysis shows that major migration traps generally occur where the disk surface density gradient changes sign from positive to negative, around 20–300Rg, where Rg = 2GM/c2 is the Schwarzschild radius. At these traps, massive objects in the AGN disk can accumulate, collide, scatter, and accrete. Intermediate mass black hole formation is likely in these disk locations, which may lead to preferential gap and cavity creation at these radii. Our model thus has significant implications for SMBH growth as well as gravitational wave source populations.
Design and Optimization of A Magneto-Plasmonic Sandwich Biosensor for Integration within Microfluidic Devices

We designed a magneto-plasmonic biosensor for the immunodetection of antigens in minute sample volume. Both spherical gold nanoparticles (AuNP) and magnetic beads (MB) were conjugated to goat anti-rabbit IgG antibody (Ab) capable of recognizing a model target, rabbit IgG (rIgG). The AuNP bioconjugate was used as the optical detection probe while the MB one was used as the capture probe. Addition of the target analyte followed by detection probe resulted in the formation of a sandwich immunocomplex which was separated from the unbound AuNP-Ab conjugate by application of an external magnetic field. The readout was executed either in a direct or in indirect way by measuring the UV–Visible spectrum of each fraction in a specially designed microcell. Dose–response curves were established from the optical signal of the immunocomplex and unbound AuNP-Ab conjugate fractions. Finally, the assay was transposed to a microfluidic cell specially designed to enable easy separation of the immunocomplex and AuNP-Ab conjugate fractions and subsequent analysis of the latter fraction and achieve the quantification of the analyte in the ng/mL concentration range.
A robust algorithm for least absolute deviation curve fitting

Abstract : The least absolute deviations criterion, or the l1 norm, is frequently used for approximation where the data may contain outliers or wild points'. One of the most popular methods for solving the least absolute deviations data fitting problem is the Barrodale and Roberts (BR) algorithm (1973), which is based on linear programming techniques and the use of a modified simplex method. This algorithm is particularly efficient. However, since it is based upon the simplex method it can be susceptible to the accumulation of unrecoverable rounding errors caused by using an inappropriate pivot. In this paper we shall show how we can extend a numerically stable form of the simplex method to the special case of l1 approximation whilst still maintaining the efficiency of the Barrodale and Roberts algorithm. This extension is achieved by using the l1 characterization to rebuild the relevant parts of the simplex tableau at each iteration. The advantage of this approach is demonstrated most effectively when the observation matrix of the approximation problem is sparse, as in the case when using compactly supported basis functions such as B-splines. Under these circumstances the new method is considerably more efficient than the Barrodale and Roberts algorithm as well as being more robust.
Bayesian model selection for logistic regression with misclassified outcomes

We consider the problem of variable selection for logistic regression when the dependent variable is measured imperfectly, under both differential and non-differential misclassification. An MCMC sampling scheme is designed, incorporating uncertainty about which explanatory variables affect the dependent variable and which affect the probability of misclassification. We assume that a small gold standard perfectly measured sample is available to augment the imperfectly measured sample, under the differential misclassification framework. A simulation study illustrates favourable results both in terms of variable selection and parameter estimation. Examples analysing the risk of violence against young women by their partner and the risk of injury in highway motor accidents are considered.
PWPNet: A Deep Learning Framework for Real-Time Prediction of Significant Wave Height Distribution in a Port

In this paper, a 2-stage cascaded deep learning framework, Port Wave Prediction Network (PWPNet), is proposed for real-time prediction of significant wave height (SWH) distribution in a port. The PWP-out model of the first stage, predicting port-entrance wave parameters, utilizes three branches, the first branch using a Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) module to learn the temporal dependencies of time sequences of port-entrance wave parameters, the second branch using Wave and Wind field Feature Extraction (WWFE) modules, composed of a residual network with spatial and channel attention, to capture spatiotemporal characteristics of outside-port 2D wave and wind field data, the third branch using multi-scale time encoding to capture the periodic characteristics of waves and wind. The PWP-in model of the second stage, estimating the in-port SWH distribution, uses port-entrance wave parameters based on a customized Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and takes PWP-out’s output as its input. A comparison of the performance of PWP-out and mainstream machine learning models including LSTM, GRU, BPNN, SVR, ELM, and RF at Hambantota Port shows that PWP-out outperforms all other models regarding medium-term (25–48 h), med–long-term (49–72 h), and long-term (73–96 h) predictions, and ablation experiments proved the effectiveness of the three branches. Furthermore, the performance comparison of our PWPNet and other 2-stage models of LSTM, GRU, BPNN, SVR, ELM, and RF cascaded with PWP-in shows that PWPNet outperforms those cascaded models for medium-term to long-term predictions of SWH distribution in a port.
Statefinder diagnosis of nearly flat and thawing non-minimal quintessence

Non-minimally coupled scalar field models of dark energy are equivalent to an interacting quintessence in Einstein's frame. Considering two special important choices of the potential of the scalar field, i.e. nearly flat and thawing potential, one has an analytical expression for the equation-of-state parameter as a function of the density parameter of the scalar field for any choice. Here we investigate the non-minimal quintessence model by applying the method of statefinder diagnosis to it and plotting the evolutionary trajectories of the statefinder parameters.
Root and hypocotyl growth of Arabidopsis seedlings grown under different light conditions and influence of TOR kinase inhibitor AZD

We set up six light conditions to investigate the changes in the development of Arabidopsis thaliana hypocotyls and roots. Seedlings grown for 96 h under darkness were scored with shorter roots and longer hypocotyls. In shoot-shaded conditions, seedlings were unable to carry out photosynthesis, resulting in insufficient stored nutrients for root development. In the three groups of different light intensities applied to the roots, total light caused stress in the entire seedlings and the length of roots and hypocotyls were shorter than in conditions when roots were growing within light-dark gradients. Importantly, root lengths were higher within light-dark gradients than in total light. Different light treatments did significantly affect root growth and hypocotyl growth. The addition of ATP-competitive mTOR kinase inhibitor (AZD), drastically reduced root, however, this did not occur with hypocotyl length. 96 h under different light conditions. We could show that when Arabidopsis is treated with AZD and grown for 96 h under different light conditions, the root and hypocotyl are significantly modulated.
Abstractive Summarization of Broadcast News Stories for Estonian

We present an approach for generating abstractive summaries for Estonian spoken news stories in a low-resource setting. Given a recording of a radio news story, the goal is to create a summary that captures the essential information in a short format. The approach consists of two steps: automatically generating the transcript and applying a state-of-the-art text summarization system to generate the result. We evaluated a number of models, with the best-performing model leveraging the large English BART model pre-trained on CNN/DailyMail dataset and fine-tuned on machine-translated in-domain data, and with the test data translated to English and back. The method achieved a ROUGE-1 score of 17.22, improving on the alternatives and achieving the best result in human evaluation. The applicability of the proposed solution might be limited in languages where machine translation systems are not mature. In such cases multilingual BART should be considered, which achieved a ROUGE-1 score of 17.00 overall and a score of 16.22 without machine translation based data augmentation.
Pentavalent symmetric graphs of order 16p

A graph is said to be symmetric if its automorphism group acts transitively on its arcs. In this paper, a complete classification of connected pentavalent symmetric graphs of order 16p is given for each prime p. It follows from this result that a connected pentavalent symmetric graph of order 16p exists if and only if p = 2 or 31, and that up to isomorphism, there are three such graphs.
Serological Survey of Aujeszky’s Disease in Wild Boar from Southeastern France

Aujeszky’s disease virus (ADV), also known as pseudorabies virus, causes an important neurological infection with a major economic and health impact on animal husbandry. Here, we serologically screened muscle fluid from wild boar (Sus scrofa) for the presence of anti-ADV antibodies. Animals were caught during two hunting seasons (2019–2020 and 2021–2022) from three areas in southeastern France known to be endemic with wild boar populations. A total of 30.33% of the 399 tested animals scored positive for anti-glycoprotein B antibodies directed against ADV using a commercial competitive ELISA test. A significant effect (p-value < 0.0001) of the geographical location and animal age on ADV seroprevalence was observed. The results of this study confirmed the importance of wild boar in the epidemiology of ADV in southeastern France.
GALAXY CLUSTERING AND PROJECTED DENSITY PROFILES AS TRACED BY SATELLITES IN PHOTOMETRIC SURVEYS: METHODOLOGY AND LUMINOSITY DEPENDENCE

We develop a new method which measures the projected density distribution wp(rp)n of photometric galaxies surrounding a set of spectroscopically identified galaxies and simultaneously the projected cross-correlation function wp(rp) between the two populations. In this method, we are able to divide the photometric galaxies into subsamples in luminosity intervals even when redshift information is unavailable, enabling us to measure wp(rp)n and wp(rp) as a function of not only the luminosity of the spectroscopic galaxy, but also that of the photometric galaxy. Extensive tests show that our method can measure wp(rp) in a statistically unbiased way. The accuracy of the measurement depends on the validity of the assumption inherent to the method that the foreground/background galaxies are randomly distributed and are thus uncorrelated with those galaxies of interest. Therefore, our method can be applied to the cases where foreground/background galaxies are distributed in large volumes, which is usually valid in real observations. We have applied our method to data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) including a sample of 105 luminous red galaxies at z ∼ 0.4 and a sample of about half a million galaxies at z ∼ 0.1, both of which are cross-correlated with a deep photometric sample drawn from the SDSS. On large scales, the relative bias factor of galaxies measured from wp(rp) at z ∼ 0.4 depends on luminosity in a manner similar to what is found for those at z ∼ 0.1, which are usually probed by autocorrelations of spectroscopic samples in previous studies. On scales smaller than a few Mpc and at both z ∼ 0.4 and z ∼ 0.1, the photometric galaxies of different luminosities exhibit similar density profiles around spectroscopic galaxies at fixed luminosity and redshift. This provides clear observational support for the assumption commonly adopted in halo occupation distribution models that satellite galaxies of different luminosities are distributed in a similar way, following the dark matter distribution within their host halos.
Enriching captivity conditions with natural elements does not prevent the loss of wild‐like gut microbiota but shapes its compositional variation in two small mammals

As continued growth in gut microbiota studies in captive and model animals elucidates the importance of their role in host biology, further pursuit of how to retain a wild‐like microbial community is becoming increasingly important to obtain representative results from captive animals. In this study, we assessed how the gut microbiota of two wild‐caught small mammals, namely Crocidura russula (Eulipotyphla, insectivore) and Apodemus sylvaticus (Rodentia, omnivore), changed when bringing them into captivity. We analyzed fecal samples of 15 A. sylvaticus and 21 C. russula, immediately after bringing them into captivity and 5 weeks later, spread over two housing treatments: a “natural” setup enriched with elements freshly collected from nature and a “laboratory” setup with sterile artificial elements. Through sequencing of the V3–V4 region of the 16S recombinant RNA gene, we found that the initial microbial diversity dropped during captivity in both species, regardless of treatment. Community composition underwent a change of similar magnitude in both species and under both treatments. However, we did observe that the temporal development of the gut microbiome took different trajectories (i.e., changed in different directions) under different treatments, particularly in C. russula, suggesting that C. russula may be more susceptible to environmental change. The results of this experiment do not support the use of microbially enriched environments to retain wild‐like microbial diversities and compositions, yet show that specific housing conditions can significantly affect the drift of microbial communities under captivity.