Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Preliminary studies on the mammal resources in Qizimei Mountains Nature Reserve in Hubei province

58 species of mammals were recorded in Qizimei Mountains Nature Reserve in Hubei province.They belong to 8 orders and 22 families.42 species were the national protective wildlives of China,3 species were the firstrank category,12 species were the secondrank category,27 species were useful or important to economy and scientific research category,21 species were the wildlives of CITES.Type of geographical distribution,number of mammals and its present situation of conservation were studied.Conservation and management suggestions about mammals were proposed in this paper.
Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Based on L-Cysteine for Progesterone Intravaginal Delivery

The present work has as its purpose the synthesis and characterization of a novel lipid material to be used in the preparation of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) for the potential sustained release of progesterone in the vagina. For this reason, a material capable of ensuring the permanence of the formulation in the administration site for the time needed to guarantee the transmucosal absorption of the steroid was synthetized in order to reduce the number of administrations and to ensure an effective concentration of drug at the site of action. To this end, an ester, 2,3-dihydroxypropanoate of octadecyl (stearyl glycerine), containing two hydroxyl groups was initially synthesized. In particular, the hydroxyl group less sterically encumbered was functionalized with a thiol group, in a coupling reaction, with the amino acid L-cysteine. The obtained compound was characterized by FT-IR spectrometry and 1H-NMR. The functionalized lipid with L-cysteine was then used for the preparation of solid lipid nanoparticles that were loaded with progesterone. Finally, the release of progesterone from the lipid matrix based on newly synthesized ester, under conditions that simulate the vaginal physiological environment, was evaluated. All the obtained results suggest that the prepared nanoparticles could be used for the administration of progesterone, when its integration is essential, for example, in cases of threats of abortion or to increase fertility.
sgRNA design and in vitro nucleolytic analysis of the Cas9‐RNP complex for transgene‐free genome editing of the eIF4E1 gene from Capsicum an‐ nuum L.

Chili (Capsicum annuum L.) is a highly valued vegetable, renowned for its unique taste and aroma. However, chili production faces challenges in meeting the high demand due to infections caused by pathogens such as ChiVMV (potyvirus). Previous studies have suggested that chili eIF4E1 plays a crucial role in potyvirus gene transcription. Therefore, this study explores the potential of CRISPR‐Cas9‐based genome editing to enhance chili resistance by introducing premature stop codons or truncated proteins. Two sgRNAs were designed, targeting the first and second intron of the eIF4E1 gene. The production of Cas9 protein was assessed with varying IPTG concentrations in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3), carrying 4xNLS‐pMJ915v2‐sfGFP plasmid with a TEV protease cut‐site at the N terminal. The findings indicate that the optimal IPTG concentration is 500 µM. Purification using an IMAC column confirmed the presence of Cas9 in the initial 2 mL of the eluted fractions, as indicated by numerous background proteins. Nevertheless, successful formation of Cas9‐RNP complexes was achieved for both sgRNAs. The nucleolytic activity of Tag‐Cas9 (carrying the MBP‐tag) and Cas9 was confirmed through in vitro endonuclease activity assays. The next step involved transfecting chili protoplasts with these RNP complexes to edit the chili eIF4E1 gene.
Vegetation response to precipitation variability in East Africa controlled by biogeographical factors

Ecosystem sensitivity to climate variability varies across East Africa, and identifying the determinant factors of this sensitivity is crucial to assessing region‐wide vulnerability to climate change and variability. Such assessment critically relies on spatiotemporal data sets with inherent uncertainty, on new processing techniques to extract interannual variability at a priori unknown time scales and on adequate statistical models to test for biogeographical effects on vegetation‐precipitation relationships. In this study, interannual variability in long‐term records of normalized difference vegetation index and satellite‐based precipitation estimates was detected using ensemble empirical mode decomposition and standardized precipitation index with varying accumulation periods. Environmental effect modeling using additive models with spatially correlated effects showed that ecosystem sensitivity is primarily predicted by biogeographical factors such as annual precipitation distribution (reaching maximum sensitivity at 500 mm yr−1), vegetation type and structure, ocean‐climate coupling, and elevation. The threat of increasing climate variability and extremes impacting productivity and stability of ecosystems is most imminent in semiarid grassland and mixed cropland ecosystems. The influence of oceanic phenomena such as El Niño–Southern Oscillation and Indian Ocean Dipole is foremost reflected in precipitation variability, but prolonged episodes also pose risks for long‐term degradation of tree‐rich ecosystems in the East African Great Lakes region.
Alluvial sapphires from Montana - Inclusions, geochemistry and indications for a metasomatic origin

Source rocks of alluvial sapphires in Montana have never been discovered. However, inclusions and geochemistry may give clues on their original source. A parcel of faceted sapphires (total weight of 702.63 carats), has been studied. These sapphires had been previously removed from the faceted gem-sapphire inventory of the American Gem Corporation (AGC) because of their (relatively) many inclusions. The parcel mainly contained sapphires from Rock Creek, but also a few stones from Dry Cottonwood Creek and from the Eldorado Bar deposit on the Missouri River could be included, due to mixing of small quantities from those deposits, by the AGC, in the mid 1990s.
Evaluation du transfert des éléments traces métalliques vers les eaux superficielles - : Application au terrassement et à la végétalisation des pistes de ski

" La vegetalisation des pistes de ski est l'operation qui vise a introduire une strate herbacee et/ou arboree dans un site, afin de l'inserer dans le paysage, de limiter l'erosion et les impacts negatifs sur l'environnement (pollution de l'air, de l'eau.). Classiquement, il s'agit de projeter dans un flux hydraulique un melange de semences et de fertilisants, a l'aide d'un appareil appele hydroseeder. Depuis quelques annees, la reconstitution de sol, qui precede la projection hydraulique, se developpe dans les stations d'altitude. Il s'agit d'apporter des produits organiques (composts, fumiers) en forte dose. Dans un contexte d'incertitude reglementaire, nous avons mis en place des dispositifs de suivi de la qualite de l'eau dans plusieurs stations alpines. Les resultats montrent que les travaux de terrassement, ainsi que certaines pratiques de vegetalisation (epandage de compost en automne) peuvent entrainer des transferts importants d'elements traces metalliques (ETM) dans les eaux superficielles, notamment a la periode critique de la fonte des neiges. Ce travail met en evidence la necessite de conduire des recherches complementaires"
Counter-Narrative of Radical Religious Beliefs of Jihadist Groups: A Study of the Kutb Sittah Hadith Books on Tolerance

Understanding of tolerance in Islam often varies and becomes a subject of different interpretations. This can create the potential for misunderstanding or misuse of tolerance in everyday practice. The purpose of this article is to analyze the understanding of jihadist groups regarding the relevant hadiths in Kutb Sittah that pertain to the concept of tolerance. This article is qualitative, utilizing content analysis to collect, analyze, and interpret textual data related to the research topic, in this case, the concept of tolerance in hadiths. This article asserts that jihadist groups that adopt radical religious beliefs do not reflect the values of tolerance. In contrast, the hadiths in Kutb Sittah emphasize the principles of tolerance in Islam, including ease, non-compulsion in religious beliefs, and the importance of maintaining good relations with fellow human beings. Therefore, these counter-narratives are relevant in combating radical interpretations that do not align with the values of tolerance, as well as social theories of tolerance that strengthen the importance of understanding and applying the concept of tolerance in an increasingly complex and multicultural society. With a deeper understanding of the true meaning of tolerance in Islam, it is hoped that there will be a stronger foundation for promoting harmony among religious communities, respecting diversity, and avoiding religious conflicts. Pemahaman tentang toleransi dalam Islam seringkali dapat bervariasi dan menjadi subjek interpretasi yang berbeda. Hal ini dapat menciptakan potensi untuk pemahaman yang salah atau penyalahgunaan konsep toleransi dalam praktik sehari-hari. Tujuan artikel ini untuk menganalisis pemahaman kelompok jihadis terhadap hadis-hadis dalam Kutb Sittah yang relevan dengan konsep toleransi. Artikel ini bersifat kualitatif dengan menggunakan content analysis, yang bertujuan untuk mengumpulkan, menganalisis, dan menginterpretasi data teks yang berkaitan dengan topik artikel, dalam hal ini, konsep toleransi dalam hadis. Artikel ini menegaskan bahwa kelompok jihadis yang mengadopsi paham keagamaan radikal tidak mencerminkan nilai-nilai toleransi, sementara hadis-hadis dalam Kutb Sittah menekankan prinsip-prinsip toleransi dalam Islam, yang mencakup kemudahan, ketidakpaksaaan keyakinan agama, dan pentingnya menjaga hubungan baik dengan sesama manusia, sehingga kontra-narasi ini relevan dalam memerangi pemahaman radikal yang tidak sesuai dengan nilai-nilai toleransi, serta teori toleransi dalam ilmu sosial yang memperkuat pentingnya memahami dan menerapkan konsep toleransi dalam konteks masyarakat yang semakin kompleks dan multikultural. Dengan pemahaman yang lebih mendalam tentang makna sebenarnya dari toleransi dalam Islam, diharapkan dapat menjadi landasan yang lebih kuat untuk mempromosikan kerukunan antarumat beragama, menghormati keberagaman, dan menghindari konflik agama.
Reactive optimal motion planning for a class of holonomic planar agents using reinforcement learning with provable guarantees

In control theory, reactive methods have been widely celebrated owing to their success in providing robust, provably convergent solutions to control problems. Even though such methods have long been formulated for motion planning, optimality has largely been left untreated through reactive means, with the community focusing on discrete/graph-based solutions. Although the latter exhibit certain advantages (completeness, complicated state-spaces), the recent rise in Reinforcement Learning (RL), provides novel ways to address the limitations of reactive methods. The goal of this paper is to treat the reactive optimal motion planning problem through an RL framework. A policy iteration RL scheme is formulated in a consistent manner with the control-theoretic results, thus utilizing the advantages of each approach in a complementary way; RL is employed to construct the optimal input without necessitating the solution of a hard, non-linear partial differential equation. Conversely, safety, convergence and policy improvement are guaranteed through control theoretic arguments. The proposed method is validated in simulated synthetic workspaces, and compared against reactive methods as well as a PRM and an RRT⋆ approach. The proposed method outperforms or closely matches the latter methods, indicating the near global optimality of the former, while providing a solution for planning from anywhere within the workspace to the goal position.
Team Irisapu Project Description for DRC2023

This paper describes the dialog robot system designed by Team Irisapu for the preliminary round of the Dialogue Robot Competition 2023 (DRC2023). In order to generate dialogue responses flexibly while adhering to predetermined scenarios, we attempted to generate dialogue response sentences using OpenAI's GPT-3. We aimed to create a system that can appropriately respond to users by dividing the dialogue scenario into five sub-scenarios, and creating prompts for each sub-scenario. Also, we incorporated a recovery strategy that can handle dialogue breakdowns flexibly. Our research group has been working on research related to dialogue breakdown detection, and we incorporated our findings to date in this competition. As a result of the preliminary round, a bug in our system affected the outcome and we were not able to achieve a satisfactory result. However, in the evaluation category of"reliability of provided information", we ranked third among all teams.
Education about Medical Vocabulary Using English for SMP Baiturrahim Jambi

This activity aims to educate medical vocabulary skills in English for junior high school students to educate them in health education. The skills needed by students will be used as the basis for the preparation of teaching materials in English subjects intended and recommended for SMP Baiturrahim students. This community service took place at SMP Baiturrahim. This educational method uses the approach of providing materials and leaflets to students and teachers at SMP Baiturrahim in Jambi. SMP Baiturrahim which is located at Jalan H. Syamsoe Bachroen No. 32 RT. 04, Selamat, Kec. Danau Sipin, Jambi City, Jambi Province with 24 teachers, 53 male students, and 32 female students. Based on the education results, the Vocabulary Self-Collection Strategy (VSS) was successfully applied in English subjects with a good category at the beginning of educational activities and a very good category during the implementation of education at SMP Baiturrahim. In educational activities, the learning steps that have not reached the success criteria are strategy and environment. While the steps that have reached the success criteria are learning resources and students. In the next stage, there was an improvement in the learning process so that all learning steps had improved and reached the success criteria.
CONCHOSTRACA FROM THE LOWER JURASSIC WHITMORE POINT MEMBER OF THE MOENAVE FORMATION, JOHNSON FARM, SOUTHWESTERN UTAH

Conchostracans from the Lower Jurassic Whitmore Point Member of the Moenave Formation at Johnson Farm, southwestern Utah, are preserved as three-dimensional, carbonate-replaced shells. The presence of numerous, closely-spaced growth lines that extend onto the umbo, no evident sculpture, and the absence of nodes, spines or a recurved posterior margin, support assignment of the Johnson Farm conchostracans to Euestheria. However, given the chaotic state of conchostracan taxonomy, no species-level assignment is attempted. Euestheria has a temporal range of Devonian-Cretaceous, so its occurrence at Johnson Farm is of no biostratigraphic signifi- cance. However, the presence of conchostracans in the Whitmore Point Member is further evidence that the paleo- lake in which it was deposited was a shallow and ephemeral body of water.
A MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS OF THE RECOVERY OF CALCAREOUS NANNOPLANKTON AND PLANKTONIC FORAMINIFERA FROM THE CRETACEOUS/PALEOGENE (K/P) MASS EXTINCTION

The Cretaceous-Paleogene (K/P) bolide impact decimated surface ocean ecosystems. While the extinction has been well studied, there have been few investigations of the recovery of ecosystems from the K/P extinction. The relationship between the post-extinction ecologies of nannoplankton and planktonic foraminifera can lend insight into how ecosystems were rebuilt after the K/P impact. This study utilizes multivariate analysis on abundance counts from five sites with wide global distribution to compare the recoveries of these calcareous plankton groups. The analysis shows there is a distinct geographical differentiation in the recovery of both groups, with assemblages in the northern hemisphere surface oceans diversifying more slowly than southern hemisphere surface oceans. This is most likely a result of higher extinction intensity caused by the concentration of dust created by the bolide impact in the northern hemisphere. The multivariate analysis results suggest a probable long-term influence on the post-extinction marine ecosystem was increased nutrient concentration in the surface ocean resulting from the collapse of the biological pump. Nannoplankton recover before planktonic foraminifera in the open ocean, as expected, but after planktonic foraminifera on the shelf. Dinoflagellates, which were common at many shelf locations across the K/P boundary may have provided another food source for planktonic foraminifera and hindered nannoplankton diversification by invading niche space emptied by the K/P extinction. Ecological recovery of calcareous microplankton took place only after the biologic pump was restored ~300 Kyr after the K/P extinction, removing the enhanced nutrient concentrations from the surface ocean.
Localisation et fréquence du contact home/glossine en secteur forestier de Côte d'Ivoire. I: Recherche des points épidémiologiquement dangereux dans l'environnement végétal

L'analyse du contact homme glossine doit pour apporter des eclaircissements sur l'epidemiologie de la trypamosomiase humaine tenir compte non seulement de l'environnement vegetal mais aussi et surtout de l'homme et de son comportement vis-a-vis du milieu
Point pattern analysis of rare and endangered plant Camellia nitidissima Chi

Camellia nitidissima Chi, an evergreen understory shrub or sub-tree, is a rare and endangered ornamental species, and its distribution is very narrow. Based on the investigation data from a 1 hm2 secondary forest plot in the Fangcheng National Reserve of Guangxi, South China, and by using uni- and bivariate analyses of paired correlation function g(r), this paper studied the distribution pattern of C. nitidissima and its spatial association with dominant species. The size distribution of the C. nitidissima population showed an invert J-shape, indicating that the C. nitidissima population was in a stable and normal growth status. C. nitidissima was significantly aggregated at scales 25 m, and the aggregation intensity weakened with the increase of scale. C. nitidissima showed a significant spatial correlation with most of the other main tree species (accounting for 88%) on different scales, which was stronger than the spatial correlations between the top five trees and the 25 main trees in the plot. What’s more, the significant negative correlations between C. nitidissima and the main tree species accounted for 60%, which were obviously greater than the significant positive correlations, indicating that the way the C. nitidissima utilized resources was different from the majority trees in the plot. Six main species which located in the middle and upper layers of the community showed significant positive correlations with C. nitidissima, implying that they created suitable understory environment for the survival of C. nitidissima.
Methodology based on the Hu moment invariants for object comparison on radar satellite imagery

In this paper we present a methodology for comparing objects, identified on satellite images acquired by Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR). The methodology describes object transformations mathematically and provides a quantitative estimate of the similarity of different shapes. To demonstrate its capabilities we examine a case study – we detect an underwater structure in the Western Black Sea, which becomes visible on radar imagery under favourable sea conditions. Our aim is to quantitatively describe if it changes over time and to determine on which dates the detections reveal the greatest similarity. The suggested methodology is based on computation of the Hu moment invariants, or the image moments. They give a set of 7 invariants, which describe object transformations, such as translation, scale, rotation and reflection. The presented methodology can be applied in different contexts on satellite imagery for quantitative description of structure transformations.
Epidemiology and clinical features of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in hospitalized children during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Gorgan, Iran

Abstract Background and Aims Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of acute respiratory infection in infants and young children. Given the altered circulation patterns of respiratory viruses during the coronavirus disease pandemic‐2019 (COVID‐19), the study aimed to evaluate epidemiology and clinical features of RSV infections in hospitalized children during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Gorgan, northeastern Iran. Molecular epidemiology studies on respiratory viral infections are necessary to monitor circulating viruses, disease severity, and clinical symptoms, in addition to early warning of new outbreaks. Methods Overall, 411 respiratory swab samples from hospitalized children from October 2021 to March 2022 were collected at Taleghani Children's Hospital, Gorgan, Iran. The incidence of RSV, as well as the circulating subgroups and genotypes, were investigated and confirmed using PCR methods. Additionally, all samples tested for severe acute respiratory syndrome‐associated coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) and influenza, and demographic and clinical data were analyzed using SPSS software. Results The share of RSV, SARS‐CoV‐2, and influenza among hospitalized children with acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI) were 27%, 16.5%, and 4.1%, respectively. The RSV subgroup A (genotype ON1) was dominant over subgroup B (genotype BA9), with more severe clinical symptoms. Compared with the prepandemic era there were high numbers of hospitalized SARS‐CoV‐2 positive children and low numbers of other respiratory viruses. Despite this, the prevalence of ALRI‐related RSV‐disease among hospitalized children in our specialized pediatric center was higher than COVID‐19 disease in the same cohort. Conclusions Studying the epidemiology of respiratory viruses and determining the circulating strains can contribute to effective infection control and treatment strategies.