Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
WHISTLER-TRIGGERED VLF EMISSIONS RECORDED AT JAMMU DURING DAY TIME

Whistler-triggered VLF emissions recorded at low latitude station Jammu (Geomagnetic latitude = 220 26/ N; L = 1.17) during day time period on 19th February 1999 at 14:35 hrs. IST. The recorded data have been analyzed. Based on whistler-triggered VLF emissions spectrum, the VLF waves propagate along the path with L – values lying between L = 4.4 and 4.38. During the observation period, magnetic activity was very high. Mostly these types of emissions recorded at mid latitudes. These whistler-triggered emission waves propagate along the geomagnetic field lines either in a ducted mode or in a pro-longitudinal mode. Relative amplitude of whistlers waves is almost equal to relative amplitude of triggered emissions. The proposed generation mechanism explains through the dynamic spectra of the whistler-triggered emissions.
A Pyroptosis-Related Gene Prognostic Index Correlated with Survival and Immune Microenvironment in Glioma

Purpose As an inflammatory form of programmed cell death, pyroptosis has been well established to be associated with tumorigenesis and tumor immune microenvironment. In this paper, we aimed at the construction of a pyroptosis-related gene prognostic index (PRGPI) for predicting prognosis and guiding individualized immunotherapy in glioma patients. Patients and Methods Pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs) were identified based on a detailed review of published literatures. The transcriptome data and clinical information of glioma patients were obtained from CGGA and TCGA databases. PRGPI was constructed by using the multivariate Cox regression method. The immune cell infiltration level was analyzed via CIBERSORT algorithm. The tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE) algorithm was applied to evaluate the potential response to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. The expression patterns of PRGs in PRGPI were validated in cell lines and pathological specimens. Results We identified a total of 31 PRGs. Among them, PRGs (CASP3, DPP9, MAPK8, PELP1 and TOMM20) were selected for the construction of PRGPI. In both training (CGGA693) and validation (CGGA325 and TCGA) cohorts, PRGPI-high patients showed an inferior survival outcome compared with PRGPI-low patients. ROC curves illustrated that the prognostic prediction power of PRGPI was robust. A nomogram was developed based on independent prognostic indicators (PRGPI, age and WHO grade), and also exhibited a strong forecasting ability for overall survival (OS). Additionally, PRGPI-high patients exhibited higher immune, stroma and ESTIMATE scores, lower tumor purity, higher infiltration of M2-type macrophages, lower infiltration of CD8+ T cells and activated NK cells, higher tumor mutation burden (TMB), and higher expression of immune checkpoints. TIDE showed that PRGPI-high group had more responders of ICI therapy than PRGPI-low group. Finally, the expression patterns of five selected PRGs in PRGPI were significantly different between normal and glioma. Conclusion The constructed PRGPI can be used for predicting prognosis and guiding individualized immunotherapy in glioma patients.
Testing of Drought Exceedance Probability Index (DEPI) for Turkey using PERSIANN data for 2000-2021 period

Drought is a climatic event that threatens the environment and human life with an ambiguity of location and time. Recently, droughts can be analyzed for different periods with the help of different mathematical methods and developing technology. This study aims to perform a drought analysis in 126 designated study points of Turkey. The analyzed data includes monthly total precipitation values between March 2000 and February 2021, obtained from PERSIANN system (Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information using Artificial Neural Networks). Monthly precipitation totals of these designated points were used as input parameters in the Drought Exceedance Probability Index (DEPI) which is a new drought analysis method. The analysis was conducted separately for the whole of Turkey from January to December. Moreover, the findings were compared with the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), a globally accepted and commonly used drought index, to measure the drought detection performance of DEPI. SPI was calculated for periods of 6, 12 and 24 months. Pearson correlation coefficients between drought values of SPI-6, SPI-12 and SPI-24 and DEPI results were calculated. The second part of the study includes possible trend of drought determined by the Mann-Kendall trend analysis method. Both DEPI and SPI results and trend analysis results were mapped and visualized with the help of ArcGIS package program. The highest correlation is between DEPI and SPI-12 with 0.75, while the lowest correlation is between DEPI and SPI-24 with a value of 0.62. SPI monthly drought maps indicated the wettest months were January and February, while the driest months were March and July. Besides the DEPI monthly drought maps, the wettest months were October and November, while the driest months were May and June. The Mann-Kendall trend maps showed a significant increase in drought for summer.
WOMEN EMPOWERMENT IN TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY SECTOR IN SAUDI ARABIA

Women empowerment is an objective of Saudi Arabia’s vision 2030, especially in the tourism and hospitality sector. However, little information about women empowerment in the sector is known. To fulfil the gap, this study examined the impact of perception of socioeconomic, perception of gender equality and perception of sociocultural on women empowerment in the tourism and hospitality sector. To check the aim and validity of the study, data were collected from 306 Saudi women employed in the Saudi tourism and hospitality sector through an online survey. The data were analysed applying factor analyses, Cronbach's alpha, comparative means, standard deviation, Mann-Whitney Test and Kruskal-Wallis test. Women believe that there are some jobs that are more appropriate for women than men. Women will not be given equal employment opportunities and privileges men receive as well as they have a moderate belief that they are given their right to supervisory and administrative positions as men are given. The respondents think that undesirable attitudes regarding Saudi women's empowerment in the tourism and hospitality sector will be changed and undermine soon. Also, they think that working in the sector has a moderate negative impact on women's health and family obligations, such as taking care of their children. Finally, respondents revealed that women are not given the same respect men receive and the salary paid to women is unfair compared to men. In addition, women are not given the right to make decisions as men are given.
Analysis of pollutes contamination and arc-resistance performance of insulator

The situation of pollution flashover in East China was analyzed and the three-umbrella-type insulator with good anti-fouling characteristic was recommended.The pollution characteristics of all kinds of insulators,especially the three-umbrella-type were researched and analyzed.Consequently the viewpoint of the open-type umbrella insulator can be taken as anti-fouling measurement was put forward.The stability of porcelain and glass insulators under lightning stike was also analyzed.
Ordinal Potential Differential Games to Model Human-Machine Interaction in Vehicle-Manipulators

Potential games have some useful characteristics related to the existence and computability of their Nash equilibria, which make their use attractive also in the context of modelling interactions. This paper presents the use of potential differential games to model human-machine interaction. We extend the definition of static ordinal potential games to differential games for modelling and analysing human-machine interaction in the control of large vehicle-manipulators. We provide sufficient and necessary conditions for the existence of a potential differential game. In addition, we present an optimization formulation finding a linear-quadratic (LQ) potential differential game to a original game. The suitability of the proposed modelling approach is verified using simulation examples.
Design of Multi-rate Optimal Regulator for an Inverted Pendulum

A time invariant, single rate design approach for multi rate optimal regulator is presented. The design of a multi rate system is converted to a single rate system design problem by using 'lifting' technique. As an example, a typical problem in the research of control, the control of an inverted pendulum on a cart is studied. The feasibility of the proposed method is verified by the simulation results.
Surgical Skill Evaluation From Robot-Assisted Surgery Recordings

Quality and safety are critical elements in the performance of surgeries. Therefore, surgical trainees need to obtain the required degrees of expertise before operating on patients. Conventionally, a trainee’s performance is evaluated by qualitative methods that are time-consuming and prone to bias. Using autonomous and quantitative surgical skill assessment improves the consistency, repeatability, and reliability of the evaluation. To this end, this paper proposes a video-based deep learning framework for surgical skill assessment. By incorporating prior knowledge on surgeon’s activity in the system design, we decompose the complex task of spatio-temporal representation learning from video recordings into two independent, relatively-simple learning processes, which greatly reduces the model size. We evaluate the proposed framework using the publicly available JIGSAWS robotic surgery dataset and demonstrate its capability to learn the underlying features of surgical maneuvers and the dynamic interplay between sequences of actions effectively. The skill level classification accuracy of 97.27% on the public dataset demonstrates the superiority of the proposed model over prior video-based skill assessment methods. The code of this paper will be available on Github at link: ${\color{blue}{\text{sourceCode}}}$.
Finishing and Polishing of Composite Restoration: Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Among Various Dental Professionals in India

Aim The key to the success of a composite restoration lies in the important final step of finishing and polishing. This survey aims to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice about finishing and polishing in composite restoration among various dental professionals in India. Materials and methods A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted among various dental professionals in India. The participation of dentists was voluntary. A total of 350 responses were received, and the data were converted to Microsoft Excel 2019 program and descriptive statistics were analyzed using SPSS Version 21.0 software. Results Almost 99% of respondents know the importance of finishing and polishing procedures of composite restoration. Overall, 71% of respondents felt it is necessary to remove the surface layer to improve the surface characteristics of the composite restoration, 59.8% of professionals follow the sequential order of abrasives for finishing and polishing of composites, 74.2% use interproximal strips to finish interproximal areas of restoration, and 55.8% of professionals use polishing paste for the final polishing of composite restoration. Only 44.2% are aware of liquid polish/composite glaze, among which 12.4% of practitioners use liquid polish often. Conclusion Most of the respondents were aware of the benefits of proper finishing and polishing of composite restorations. However, still they need to follow proper sequential series of burs, abrasive points, disks, strips, and polishing pastes. The usage of surface sealants should be emphasized for enhanced results.
When Brand Image, Perceived Price, and Perceived Quality Interplay in Predicting Purchase Intention: Developing a Rhombus Model

Rhombus model is a theoretical framework to measure consumers’ particular behaviour. It consists of three predictor variables that can swap places. This study employs a brand image, perceived price, and perceived quality as predictor variables, and purchase intention as a predicted variable. The study cohort was the consumers of mobile phones with a water proof feature and they were chosen using a convenient sampling technique. In total, 238 participants completed a survey. Data were analysed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses to validate data and structural equation model to test hypotheses. We calculated three models with variables that exchange positions. This study provides a new option for presenting data. Received: 4 September 2021 / Accepted: 7 November 2021 / Published: 3 January 2022
The Future of Flexible Product Manufacturing by Using Industry 4.0 Technologies in Regard to Consumer Preferences

THE AIMS OF THE PAPER The core objectives of this paper are to understand constantly changing consumer choices over time and the manufacturing of flexible products to answer the problem. The flexible products with multiple utility choices can help consumers from every segment to fulfil their needs. The study has shed light on the flexible product manufacturing process and has also discussed launching strategies into the market with having considered various market factors in the process. METHODOLOGY A rigorous analysis of literature has been done to understand why flexible products should be preferred over standard products. Literature related to flexible product strategy is being examined and explored its dimensions of price setting and product utility. MOST IMPORTANT RESULTS This study provides a road map for companies to shift their focus on developing new manufacturing processes in order to develop flexible products to address dynamic consumer preferences. This study also shed light on the fact the flexible products might be more profitable for the company. RECOMMENDATIONS The findings show that flexible products provide larger range of utility choices and with a right price; it can be more profitable than a standard product. Flexible products can go along with mass customisation of products which can enlarge utility choices for consumers to an unlimited level.
Sentiment Analysis Objek Wisata Kalimantan Barat Pada Google Maps Menggunakan Metode Naive Bayes

Kalimantan Barat merupakan salah satu provinsi di Indonesia yang pariwisatanya berpotensi untuk dikembangkan. Oleh karena itu, feedback dari wisatawan dibutuhkan untuk mengambil tindakan terkait pengembangan kualitas objek wisata Kalimantan Barat agar lebih optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membangun sistem yang dapat melakukan sentiment analysis terhadap objek wisata di Kalimantan Barat berdasarkan data ulasan yang ada di Google Maps. Metodologi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kerangka kerja IS Research Alan Hevner. Dalam melakukan riset sentiment analysis objek wisata Kalimantan Barat, metode yang digunakan untuk klasifikasi adalah Naïve Bayes. Sebelum melakukan klasifikasi, dilakukan tahap pre-processing yang terdiri dari casefolding, tokenizing, filtering, stemming, dan tahap pembobotan kata menggunakan TF-IDF. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan, disimpulkan bahwa sistem dapat mengklasifikasikan kelas sentimen ulasan objek wisata yang terdapat pada Google Maps menggunakan metode Naive Bayes dengan nilai akurasi yang bervariasi dari setiap tempat wisata. Nilai akurasi tertinggi adalah 0,76 sedangkan terendah adalah 0,38. Hasil sentimen analisis yang dilakukan pada objek wisata Kalimantan Barat masuk dalam kategori yang positif. Hal ini berdasarkan performa metode Naive Bayes yang menunjukan bahwa nilai rata-rata f1-score kelas positif adalah 0,73 lebih tinggi dibanding kelas netral 0,53 dan negatif 0.14
Exploración y comparación de la distribución espacial de los bosques periurbanos en Mérida, Venezuela

Los patrones de puntos espaciales son una aproximación para el análisis de la estructura funcional del bosque. En este sentido, se evaluó y comparó la distribución espacial de árboles en bosques periurbanos de Mérida, Venezuela. Se planteó la hipótesis nula de la Aleatoriedad Espacial Completa (CSR), aplicando métodos exploratorios y confirmatorios espaciales sin marcas (e involucrando las marcas para las variables dasométricas) y pruebas de patrones puntuales multivariantes (α = 0.05) a parcelas de bosque primario y secundario (cinco en c/u). Ambos bosques exhibieron una densidad media similar (310 y 339 ind.ha-1). Además, se identificó un proceso CSR para los árboles sin considerar marcas en las variables de altura total y DAP, y en las marcas remanentes de volumen y especie este fue catalogado como no aleatorio, pues no se presentaron diferencias entre los procesos espaciales multivariantes. Se recomienda, por lo tanto, ampliar el área de trabajo y aplicarlo en bosques mejor diferenciados.
Analysis of Mathematics Problem Solving Ability Based on Contextual Teaching and Learning Models Assisted by Macromedia Flash on Private Junior High School Students Al-Hikmah Medan

This study aims to analyze: (1) the level of problem-solving ability in terms of the Contextual Teaching and Learning model of the Al-Hikmah Private Junior High School students in Medan. , (2) the answer process of the Al-Hikmah Private Junior High School students in Medan based on the Contextual Teaching and Learning model, and (3) the difficulties experienced by the students of Al-Hikmah Private Junior High School Medan in solving problems of problem solving abilities based on the Contextual Teaching and Learning model assisted by Macromedia Flash. The research subjects were in class VIII-4 of Al-Hikmah Private Junior High School Medan, totaling 35 students. The instrument of this research is a test of mathematical problem solving ability, and an interview guide. Data analysis was carried out using the Miles and Huberman model. The results showed: (1) The ability to solve mathematical problems found that there were 3 students (8.57%) who had a high level of mathematical problem solving ability; 11 students (31.43%) have a moderate level of mathematical problem solving ability; 21 students (60%) have a low level of mathematical problem-solving ability. While the problemsolving indicator in the form of understanding the problem is more dominant with a percentage of 48.5% achieved by students for this indicator, this proves that students are able to understand the problem of the problem, meaning that students able to make known and asked from the question. Then on the indicator of planning solutions, 45.7% of students were able to plan problem solving from the problem and for indicators of solving problems it was found that the percentage of 25.7% of students were able to solve the problem accompanied by a logical reason and for the indicator to check again it was obtained 0% in terms of concluding, this is because most students do not provide conclusions on solving problems, (2) the difficulties experienced by students in solving mathematical problem solving using the contextual teaching and learning model have difficulties in understanding concepts, difficulties in applying principles, and also difficulties in verbal problems.
The Development in Chinese Liquor Analysis

There were many achievements being achieved in the past over 40 years in liquor analysis,and according to the characteristics of the fruits in different period,the developmental history in this field could be classified as primary stage,stable stage,mature stage and new stage.With the progress of different analysis methods such as general analysis technology,chromatography technology,spectrum technology and other technology,the analysis system in Chinese liquor was established successfully in the past decades.Now new trends were appeared in this field,e.g.HACCP being the most important content of liquor analysis,liquor flavor components being a new target of this field,new instruments,technologies and methods being introduced into this field unceasingly,and the relationship of drinking and health becoming another important serving object.In the same time,with the development of liquor-making,new questions must be dissolved in liquor analysis such as its serving object,its developing way,and its new historic task.Above all were illustrated in the article with authors' point.
SCHOOL: Software for Clinical Health in Oncology for Omics Laboratories

Bioinformatics analysis is a key element in the development of in-house next-generation sequencing assays for tumor genetic profiling that can include both tumor DNA and RNA with comparisons to matched-normal DNA in select cases. Bioinformatics analysis encompasses a computationally heavy component that requires a high-performance computing component and an assay-dependent quality assessment, aggregation, and data cleaning component. Although there are free, open-source solutions and fee-for-use commercial services for the computationally heavy component, these solutions and services can lack the options commonly utilized in increasingly complex genomic assays. Additionally, the cost to purchase commercial solutions or implement and maintain open-source solutions can be out of reach for many small clinical laboratories. Here, we present Software for Clinical Health in Oncology for Omics Laboratories (SCHOOL), a collection of genomics analysis workflows that (i) can be easily installed on any platform; (ii) run on the cloud with a user-friendly interface; and (iii) include the detection of single nucleotide variants, insertions/deletions, copy number variants (CNVs), and translocations from RNA and DNA sequencing. These workflows contain elements for customization based on target panel and assay design, including somatic mutational analysis with a matched-normal, microsatellite stability analysis, and CNV analysis with a single nucleotide polymorphism backbone. All of the features of SCHOOL have been designed to run on any computer system, where software dependencies have been containerized. SCHOOL has been built into apps with workflows that can be run on a cloud platform such as DNANexus using their point-and-click graphical interface, which could be automated for high-throughput laboratories.
Building extraction from remote sensing images using deep residual U-Net

ABSTRACT Building extraction is a fundamental area of research in the field of remote sensing. In this paper, we propose an efficient model called residual U-Net (RU-Net) to extract buildings. It combines the advantages of U-Net, residual learning, atrous spatial pyramid pooling, and focal loss. The U-Net model, based on modified residual learning, can reduce the parameters and degradation of the network; atrous spatial pyramid pooling can acquire multiscale features and context information of the sensing images; and focal loss can solve the problem of unbalanced categories in classification. We implemented it on the WHU aerial image dataset and the Inria aerial image labeling dataset. The results of RU-Net were compared with the results of U-Net, FastFCN, DeepLabV3+, Web-Net, and SegNet. Experimental results show that the proposed RU-Net is superior to the others in all aspects of the WHU dataset. For the Inria dataset, most evaluation metrics of RU-Net are better than the others, as well as the sharp, boundary, and multiscale information. Compared with FastFCN and DeepLabV3+, our method increases the efficiency by three to four times.
Standardized exponentiated Gumbel error innovation distribution in modelling volatility models

Abstract: Here we proposed three classes of volatility models using Standardized Exponentiated Gumbel Error Innovation Distribution (SEGEID). Important statistical and mathematical properties of this models have been discussed and derived. Hence, the parameters of the volatility models are discussed using the general log likelihood function of the SEGEID. Finally, the volatility models were obtained through partial derivative by adopting a method of numerical method BFGS.