Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Active faulting within the offshore western Gulf of Corinth, Greece: implications for models of continental rift deformation

Discrimination between different lithospheric extension models focusing on the roles of low-angle vs. high-angle faulting, and how strain is distributed, requires high-fidelity imaging of brittle deformation. High-resolution seismic reflection and multibeam bathymetric data in the western Gulf of Corinth continental rift were collected to establish the contribution of offshore faults to extension. Onshore fault slip here is significantly less than expected from geodetic strain rates. The rift at this location is a half-graben tilted to the north by S-dipping faults within the uppermost crust. A basement horst on the northern margin is uplifted by the North and South Eratini faults, and the axial channel is fault controlled. Subsided lowstand shorelines in the hanging wall of the North Eratini and the well-studied Aigion fault suggest that the faults have similar displacements. Summed extension from the four major faults across this part of the rift (Eliki, Subchannel, South Eratini, North Eratini) is 8–16 mm/yr, thereby reconciling geologic and geodetic data sets. Distributed deformation across isolated multiple faults can model this part of the rift without recourse to, and potentially incompatible with, an underlying low-angle detachment.
Sedimentation, Tectonism, and Hydrocarbon Generation in Delaware Basin, West Texas and Southeastern New Mexico

The Delaware basin is the western major structural subdivision of the Permian basin of west Texas and New Mexico, with an area of more than 13,000 mi2 (33,500 km2) and containing a volume of 40,000 mi3 (170,000 km3) of Phanerozoic sedimentary rocks. Its history as a separate basin dates from the Early Carboniferous, but its roots began in the late Proterozoic Era, probably as a north-south-trending aulacogen. Through much of the Paleozoic Era, the basin and its predecessors formed a confined depression surrounded by carbonate shelves. In this depression, organic debris was preserved. Burial converted this material to kerogen and then to hydrocarbons. Deposition of thick evaporite strata during the Late Permian formed a seal that preserved the hydrocarbons and facilitated their migration to porous carbonate reservoirs in the surrounding shelves. In the basin, deeper burial caused conversion of heavier hydrocarbons into gas in the older rocks, whereas paraffinic oils in younger strata accumulated in smaller reservoirs. Apparently, there were three chief intervals of hydrocarbon generation in the basin: (1) Middle Ordovician, Late Devonian, and Mississippian; (2) Middle Pennsylvanian; and (3) Early and middle Permian. The accumulations of gas and oil in the basin have been largely undisturbed by the mild tectonic activity since the end of the Permian. The region was practically unaffected by the Laramide deformation. Thus, it remains an important oil- and gas-producing province.
Integrative Action of the Autonomic Nervous System: Neurobiology of Homeostasis

Foreword Introduction Part I. The Autonomic Nervous System: Functional Anatomy and Visceral Afferents: 1. Functional anatomy of the peripheral autonomic system 2. Visceral afferent neurons and autonomic regulations Part II. Functional Organisation of the Peripheral Autonomic Nervous System: 3. The final autonomic pathway and its analysis 4. The peripheral sympathetic and parasympathetic pathways 5. The enteric nervous system Part III. Transmission of Signals in the Peripheral Autonomic Nervous System: 6. Impulse transmission through autonomic ganglia 7. Mechanisms of neuroeffector transmission Part IV. Central Representation of the Autonomic Nervous System: 8. Anatomy of central autonomic systems 9. Spinal autonomic systems 10. Regulation of organ systems by the lower brain stem 11. Integration of homeostatic regulations in upper brain stem and limbic-hypothalamic centres: a summary.
The Integrative Action of the Autonomic Nervous System: Impulse transmission through autonomic ganglia

Postganglionic neurons are the final autonomic motoneurons. Their cell bodies are aggregated in peripheral autonomic ganglia. They receive synaptic input from preganglionic neurons and in some ganglia (notably sympathetic prevertebral ganglia) from peripheral neurons of the enteric nervous system and from peptidergic spinal afferent fibers. As already mentioned in Chapter 1, most sympathetic ganglia are located at distance from their target cells and parasympathetic ganglia are located close to their targets. Sympathetic ganglia have fascinated investigators since ancient times. It was believed that these structures are “little brains,” which integrate, carry and distribute the “animal spirits” from the brain to the periphery, leading to coordinated actions of the peripheral target organs (the “sympathies”) in association with the activity of the brain (Fulton 1949; Pick 1970; Spillane 1981; Karczmar et al . 1986). However, it turns out that the primary function of most peripheral sympathetic and parasympathetic pathways is to distribute messages to the periphery from relatively small pools of preganglionic neurons to relatively large pools of postganglionic neurons. This particularly applies to the neural regulation of autonomic body functions, which are chiefly under central control, e.g., regulation of systemic blood pressure, thermoregulation, gastrointestinal functions, evacuative functions (micturition, defecation), erection, salivation, pupil diameter etc. Acetylcholine is released by all preganglionic axon terminals at their synapses in ganglia and the effects of nerve activity are antagonized by blockade of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.
A new approach to high efficiency in isolated boost converters for high-power low-voltage fuel cell applications

A new low-leakage-inductance low-resistance design approach to low-voltage high-power isolated boost converters is presented. Very low levels of parasitic circuit inductances are achieved by optimizing transformer design and circuit lay-out. Primary side voltage clamp circuits can be eliminated by the use of power MOSFETs fully rated for repetitive avalanche. Voltage rating of primary switches can now be reduced, significantly reducing switch on-state losses. Finally, silicon carbide rectifying diodes allow fast diode turn-off, further reducing losses. Test results from a 1.5 kW full-bridge boost converter verify theoretical analysis and demonstrate very high efficiency. Worst case efficiency, at minimum input voltage maximum power, is 96.8 percent and maximum efficiency reaches 98 percent.
Effect of thinning and prescribed burning on crown fire severity in ponderosa pine forests

Fire exclusion policies have affected stand structure and wildfire hazard in north American ponderosa pine forests. Wildfires are becoming more severe in stands where trees are densely stocked with shade-tolerant understory trees. Although forest managers have been employing fuel treatment techniques to reduce wildfire hazard for decades, little scientific evidence documents the success of treatments in reducing fire severity. Our research quantitatively examined fire effects in treated and untreated stands in western United States national forests. Four ponderosa pine sites in Montana, Washington, California and Arizona were selected for study. Fuel treatments studied include: prescribed fire only, whole-tree thinning, and thinning followed by prescribed fire. On-the-ground fire effects were measured in adjacent treated and untreated forests. We developed post facto fire severity and stand structure measurement techniques to complete field data collection. We found that crown fire severity was mitigated in stands that had some type of fuel treatment compared to stands without any treatment. At all four of the sites, the fire severity and crown scorch were significantly lower at the treated sites. Results from this research indicate that fuel treatments, which remove small diameter trees, may be beneficial for reducing crown fire hazard in ponderosa pine sites.
Android malware detection a survey

The popularity of Android mobile devices has gone up in our lives and are being used for handling a lot of our personal and confidential information. Hence t hey are now an ideal target for attackers. Android based smart-phone users can download a lot of free applications from Android Application Market/Play Store. These downloaded apps some-times contain malware applications that can take possession of private information from users. Apps in queue for launching on Play Store generally undergo an automatic security test where crawl operations like typing, tapping and swiping are performed periodically and analysis results are generated. In this survey paper, we aim to briefly discuss the different techniques used in Android malware detection and highlight their advantages and limitations.
Pengaruh Economic Performance Dan Political Visibility Terhadap Pengungkapan Corporate Social Responsibility

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji beberapa faktor penentu pengungkapan informasipertanggungjawaban sosial perusahaan (Corporate Social Responsibility) pada perusahaan-perusahaan di Indonesia. Populasi penelitian ini adalah perusahaan yang terdaftar pada Bursa EfekIndonesia periode 2006. Sampel dalam penelitian ini diambil dengan menggunakan stratified randomsampling method. Sebanyak 32 laporan tahunan perusahaan telah dianalisis dengan menggunakanprogram multiple regretion (regresi berganda). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa economic performance yang diwakili return industriberpengaruh terhadap CSR. Hal ini dutunjukkan dengan pv 0.026, dan political visibility yang diwakiliukuran dan tipe perusahaan berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap pengungkapan informasilingkungan. Hal ini ditujukkan dengan pv 0.026 pada tipe perusahaan dan pv 0.036 pada ukuranperusahaan.
Stock market prediction

In a financially volatile market, as the stock market, it is important to have a very precise prediction of a future trend. Because of the financial crisis and scoring profits, it is mandatory to have a secure prediction of the values of the stocks. Predicting a non-linear signal requires advanced algorithms of machine learning. The literature contains studies with different machine learning algorithms such as ANN (artificial neural networks) with different feature selection. The results of this study will show that the algorithm of classification SVM (Support Vector Machines) with the help of feature selection PCA (Principal component analysis) will have the success of making a profit.
Les normes IFRS ont-elles améliorées le contenu informationnel des immatériels ?: le cas des entreprises françaises cotées

Cet article etudie le contenu informationnel des intangibles selon les normes IAS/IFRS par rapport au PCG pour les entreprises du SBF 250. Les resultats obtenus demontrent l'existence d'une plus grande pertinence des informations vehiculees par les donnees comptables du goodwill et des autres elements incorporels lorsqu'ils sont valorises selon les normes IFRS 3 et IAS 38. Les tests empiriques sur les intangibles individualises et le goodwill traduisent une contribution substantielle de ces intangibles a la valeur actionnariale. Avec ces normes, les marches financiers refletent mieux de telles contributions dans les cours et les rentabilites boursieres.
An O(N/sup 2/) algorithm for discovering optimal Boolean pattern pairs

We consider the problem of finding the optimal combination of string patterns, which characterizes a given set of strings that have a numeric attribute value assigned to each string. Pattern combinations are scored based on the correlation between their occurrences in the strings and the numeric attribute values. The aim is to find the combination of patterns which is best with respect to an appropriate scoring function. We present an O(N2) time algorithm for finding the optimal pair of substring patterns combined with Boolean functions, where N is the total length of the sequences. The algorithm looks for all possible Boolean combinations of the patterns, e.g., patterns of the form p nland notq, which indicates that the pattern pair is considered to occur in a given string s, if p occurs in s, and q does not occur in s. An efficient implementation using suffix arrays is presented, and we further show that the algorithm can be adapted to find the best k-pattern Boolean combination in O(Nk) time. The algorithm is applied to mRNA sequence data sets of moderate size combined with their turnover rates for the purpose of finding regulatory elements that cooperate, complement, or compete with each other in enhancing and/or silencing mRNA decay
On-Road Remote Sensing of Automobile Emissions in the Phoenix Area: Year 4, November 2002

The University of Denver conducted a five-day remote sensing study in the Phoenix, AZ area in the fall of 2004. The remote sensor used in this study is capable of measuring the ratios of CO, HC, and NO to CO 2 in motor vehicle exhaust. From these ratios, we calculate mass emissions per kg (or gallon) of fuel and the percent concentrations of CO, CO 2 , HC and NO in motor vehicle exhaust which would be observed by a tailpipe probe, corrected for water and any excess oxygen not involved in combustion. The system used in this study was also configured to determine the speed and acceleration of the vehicle, and was accompanied by a video system to record the license plate of the vehicle. A database was compiled containing 23,989 records for which the State of Arizona provided make and model year information. All of these records contained valid measurements for at least CO and CO 2 , and 23,916 contained valid measurements for HC and NO as well. The database, as well as others compiled by the University of Denver, can be found at www.feat. The fleet emissions measured in this study exhibit a gamma distribution, with the dirtiest 10% of the fleet responsible for 76%, 72%, and 63% of the CO, HC, and NO emissions, respectively This was the fifth year of a multi-year continuing study to characterize motor vehicle emissions and deterioration in the Phoenix area. However, because of the non-ideal driving mode at the site in the first year (1998), a new ramp similar to the Denver, Chicago and L.A. Basin sites had been used in 1999, 2000, 2002, and was again used this year. The 2004 data show the least dependence on vehicle specific power (VSP) of any of the previous data sets. CO, HC and NO emissions are at low levels across the entire VSP range. Using VSP, the emissions of the vehicle fleet measured in 2004 were VSP adjusted to match the vehicle driving patterns of the fleet measured in 1998. Despite the fact that the current site has a higher averaged VSP than the 1998 site, the emissions are now lower than the 1998 measurements. This trend is more difficult to discern in the model year adjustments since the fleet has aged 7 years in the process. The increases observed in this analysis are just slightly larger than the estimated …
Interpretation of velocity profiles of the mantle

The purpose of this note is to demonstrate that recent V_p and V_s profiles are consistent with finite strain extrapolations of reasonable mineralogies. The difference in the size of the discontinuities in the V_p and V_s profiles is due to the relative pressure insensitivity of shear velocity in spinel structures. Most of the structure in the upper mantle can be attributed to the collapse of forsterite rich olivine to the β spinel and then the γ spinel structures. The 640-km discontinuity on the basis of recent work appears to be due to the disproportionation of γ spinel to a mixture of magnesiowustite (Mg, Fe)O and stishovite. The present results indicate that this postspinel phase in the lower mantle is enriched in SiO_2 relative to the upper mantle. The 640-km discontinuity is therefore a chemical as well as a phase boundary.
Gallium-Based Liquid Metal Substrate Integrated Waveguide Switches

This letter presents a new approach for reconfiguring substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) devices. It involves allowing or prohibiting the wave propagation by using a removable wall which is built from a series of drill holes. When the wall is required, the holes are filled with gallium-based liquid metal (LM), thus forming vias. When the wall is no longer required, the holes are emptied of LM. The method has been applied to a single-pole single-throw (SPST) SIW switch as well as a single-pole double-throw (SPDT) switch. Both switches perform well over a wide frequency bandwidth, approaching one octave. The SPST switch performs well from 2.4 to 4.3 GHz. In the ON-state (i.e., wall removed), the insertion loss (IL) is ≤0.5 dB. In the OFF-state (i.e., wall inserted), the isolation is 30 dB. The SPDT switch operates effectively from 4.7 to 7.2 GHz. The IL, between two connected ports, is 0.7 dB. The isolation between unconnected ports is 40 dB. The proposed approach will be applicable within a wide range of different reconfigurable microwave devices.
Transboundary Freshwater Dispute Resolution: Theory, Practice, and Annotated References

This book provides a comprehensive review of the relevant literature on managing conflicts stemming from the quantity and quality problems of water around the world. So far, few comprehensive and interdisciplinary analyses of such international surface water conflicts have been produced.The literature surveyed indicates that while in many areas there has been extensive research and analysis, there continues to be a need for more studies on the specific situations that lead to conflicts over water and other environment resources. Lateral learning, an attempt to understand the similarities between all conflicts over natural resources, will lend itself to future applications in predicting and preventing these conflicts.A survey of internati9nal watersheds provides some bibliographical and general data collected from over 200 transboundary watersheds. A subset of case studies of the exhaustive list of international watersheds is examined in greater detain. A related effort is a compilation and analysis of relevant water treaties, and the rationale for their implementations.
Short Term Load Forecasting using an Artificial Neural Network

The Artificial Neural Network (ANN) has been widely used for Short Term Load Forecasting (STLF). However, only using the ANN without considering of seasonal variables leads to inaccuracy load demand prediction. Load forecasting highly depends on temperature in summer and winter season due demand of cooling and heating equipment. So, this paper suggests an hourly cumulative temperature weight method using liner regression model and variation weight of the temperature in order to improve the prediction accuracy of short-term electricity load. We have performed the experiments with the actual electricity load data and weather factors. The experimental results show that the proposed model improves the prediction accuracy of load demand forecasting through the summer season and winter season.
Field and Geochemical Studies of the Melilite-Bearing Arydzhangsky Suite, and an Overall Perspective on the Siberian Alkaline-Ultramafic Flood-Volcanic Rocks

This paper presents the first comprehensive geologic, petrographic, geochemical, and Sr- and Nd-isotopic study of the 350 m thick Arydzhangsky lava suite, the last suite in the entire north Siberian, flood-volcanic sequence to require study by modern methods. Within this sequence, only the Arydzhangsky Suite includes melilite-bearing lavas; it is composed of melanephelinites to limburgites (both melilite-bearing and melilite-free), with rare melilitites and picrites. The lavas contain from 0 to 60 vol% melilite, with MgO contents ranging from 5.7 to 29.5 wt%. Nonetheless, these compositionally diverse lavas are all quite similar in incompatible-element geochemistry. They are distinct from all other Siberian alkaline-ultramafic lavas and, among these lavas, show the most resemblance to the Yakutian kimberlites. With this contribution, all of the north Siberian, alkaline-ultramafic lavas will have received equal geochemical and isotopic characterization. Five rock groups have been identified among them on the basis of distinctive rare-earth-element (REE) patterns: melilitite-related, melanephelinite-related, meymechite-related, trachybasalt-related, and ankaramite-related. The REE ratios and patterns that distinguish the groups have not evolved by fractionation, because they display no relation to MgO content. Judging from the isotopic data, crustal contamination had little influence on magma evolution. All rock groups, despite their geochemical dissimilarities, show close geochemical linkages among themselves, and significant geochemical similarity to kimberlites of the Yakutian province and ocean-island basalts (OIB). Thus, all of these continental and oceanic magmas may have originated in the same part of the mantle. Geochemical distinctions among the five rock groups could have been caused by various degrees of partial melting and differing amounts of dissolved volatiles.
Statistische Modelle und räumlich explizite Vorhersage natürlicher Waldgesellschaften im Unteren Werraland (Nordhessen)

Peppler-Lisbach, C. : Statistical models and spatially explicit prediction of natural woodland communities in the lower Werra region (northern Hessen, Germany). – Hercynia N.F. 40 (2007): 213 -234. Based on statistical models, the potential distribution of five natural woodland community types (Luzulo- Fagetum, Galio-Fagetum, Hordelymo-Fagetum, Carici-Fagetum, Stellario-Alnetum) is predicted for a landscape transect in northern Hessen, Germany. The logistic regression models use topographic variables derived from a digital elevation model and geological information as independent variables. Predicted probabilities of occurrence for the single vegetation types are combined to a predicted vegetation map. Model performances are evaluated and discussed. The general distribution pattern is well predicted by the models, but the performances of the Carici-Fagetum and Galio-Fagetum models are rather weak. This can be traced back to insufficient quality of some predictor variables and to lack of information about soil characteristics, respectively. In order to point out the relations between natural vegetation types and actual vegetation, the distribution of actual vegetation types with respect to the predicted areas of natural vegetation types are evaluated. The suitability of the approach for constructing potential natural vegetation maps is discussed. Key words: woodland, habitat model, logistic regression, potential natural vegetation
The Mexican Monsoon

Abstract The pronounced maximum in rainfall during the warm season over southwestern North America has been noted by various investigators. In the United States this is most pronounced over New Mexico and southern Arizona; however, it is but an extension of a much larger-scale phenomenon that appears to be centered over northwestern Mexico. This phenomenon, herein termed the “Mexican monsoon,” is described from analyses of monthly mean rainfall, geostationary satellite imagery, and rawinsonde data. In particular, the authors note the geographical extent and magnitude of the summer rains, the rapidity of their onset, and the timing of the month of maximum rainfall. Finally, the difficulty in explaining the observed precipitation distribution and its timing from monthly mean upper-air wind and moisture patterns is discussed.