Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Update : Acute Heart Failure Acute Heart Failure : The Unrecognized Epidemic Insuficiencia cardiaca aguda : una epidemia poco conocida

Acute heart failure (AHF) is one of the components of heart failure, a condition that is increasingly common among our patients. Acute heart failure is a major problem on several levels: for the individual patient, for the healthcare system due to the complexity of diagnosis and treatment, and for society because of the high costs. This widespread disease often overburdens the emergency departments of Spanish hospitals and is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. In Spain, there are about 100 000 hospital admissions per year for AHF, and this figure is showing annual increases. Therefore, within our continuing medical education program, the Revista Española de Cardiologı́a will dedicate a new series of ‘‘Update’’ to AHF. To start, international experts will provide an authoritative, clear, and comprehensive overview of the epidemiology of AHF, as well as its pathogenesis and clinical presentation. Faced with suspicion of AHF, the clinician’s first task is to provide a correct diagnosis, which may be a complex process, particularly in elderly patients, given the lack of specific signs and symptoms and the presence of other comorbidities. Identification of AHF has traditionally been based on a medical history, physical examination, chest X-ray, and electrocardiogram. In the last 15 years, and essentially after the publication of the Breathing Not Properly study in 2001, biomarkers have emerged as an important, not to say essential, complement for establishing (or ruling out) a diagnosis of AHF as quickly and reliably as possible in the emergency department. This ‘‘Update’’ pays particular attention to the value of biomarkers and NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide) in AHF, not only because these can support diagnosis but also because of their high prognostic value. We also deal with the use of multiple markers in AHF, another topic of great relevance at present. Imaging techniques have progressed spectacularly in all branches of cardiovascular knowledge, including AHF. Thus, echocardiography can determine whether a patient with suspected AHF has a low or preserved ejection fraction, and numerous new imaging resources are available to provide a more accurate indication of the etiology. We will therefore deal in depth with this topic, guided by some of the pioneers in the identification of new applications for ultrasound and other imaging techniques.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of [1,2,3]triazolo[4',5':3,4]pyrrolo[1,2-a] indoles: one-pot reaction under microwave irradiation

: The synthesis and structural determination of several new fused [1,2,3]triazolo-[4',5':3,4]pyrrolo-[1,2-a ]indole derivatives ( 4a-4p ) utilising 1 HNMR, 13 CNMR, and mass spectrum analysis were discussed. The in vitro antibacterial activity of the compounds ( 4a-4p ) against three gramme positive bacterial strains such as B.subtilis , S.aureus , and S.epidermidis revealed that the compounds 4h , 4j , and 4k demonstrated greater activity than the remaining compounds. Compounds 4d , 4i , and 4l had comparable activity to the standard. The antioxidant activity screening findings show that compounds 4c , 4d , and 4j have higher activity than conventional Trolox. Compounds 4b , 4h , 4k , and 4l have high activity, whereas the remaining compounds have moderate to low activity.
A Comprehensive Review of Breast Fibroadenoma: Correlating Clinical and Pathological Findings

Breast fibroadenomas, common benign conditions, exhibit distinct clinical and histopathological features. This review highlights clinical presentation and histology correlations, providing insights for healthcare providers. Palpable masses, pain, and changes in breast appearance align with glandular and stromal components, emphasizing accurate diagnosis. Mammography, ultrasound, and MRI guide tailored treatment decisions. Challenges in differentiating atypical fibroadenomas highlight the need for meticulous histopathological evaluation. Clinical implications stress patient-centered care, shared decision-making, and ongoing follow-up. Future research focuses on genetic investigations and long-term studies. A multidisciplinary approach to breast fibroadenomas ensures comprehensive care for improved outcomes in both medical and emotional aspects.
Centennial-scale variations in diatom productivity off Peru over the last 3000 years

The Peruvian coastal upwelling is one of the most productive systems in the global ocean, with important impacts on the carbon cycle. Primary productivity there displays strong variations at the interannual to decadal timescales. However, down-core investigations rarely reach sufficient temporal resolution to assess the response of productivity to climatic variations at these timescales beyond the instrumental and historical periods. We here analyzed diatom assemblages, sea-surface temperatures (SSTs), and nitrogen and organic carbon contents on a laminated sediment core from the Peruvian continental shelf to trace variations in regional productivity over the last 3000 years. Our record provides evidence for different climatic and oceanic conditions with more humid and less productive conditions older than 2500 cal. yr BP and drier and more productive conditions younger than 2500 cal. yr BP. The last 2500 years also present much stronger centennial-scale variability with the occurrence of six intervals with higher total diatom abundances and stronger percentages in upwelling-related diatom species, representative of intensified productivity, congruent to lower percentages in benthic diatoms, indicative of reduced rainfall. These six periods were synchronous to intervals of enhanced Walker circulation, suggesting a strong imprint of the Pacific zonal circulation on productivity variations off Peru. Our record also demonstrates that SSTs did not vary in phase with productivity, arguing against the idea of regional SSTs controlled by the upwelling intensity, but were rather in agreement to SST records off southern Chile, suggesting that Peruvian SST variations were largely controlled by oceanic currents at southern high latitudes.
QUSAIR AMRA (JORDAN) WORLD HERITAGE SITE: A REVIEW OF CURRENT STATUS OF PRESENTATION AND PROTECTION APPROACHES

In 1985, the monument of Qusair Amra a particularly well-preserved Islamic palace site was afforded UNESCO World Heritage Site status. In turn, a steadily increasing number of cultural tourists have visited the area since that time. However, the topic of presentation of heritage resources is still an emergent notion in Jordan. Moreover, an integrated presentation, approaching the world heritage monuments within their natural setting, is necessary for an enhanced preservation and interpretation of the resources. This study is an exploration of the nature of world heritage monuments presented to the public in Jordan through an analysis of a case study. The presentation and protection of Qusair Amra is the subject of a careful analysis in the research presented here. This paper provides an overview of the issues of risks generated by visitors and of presentation of world heritage monuments. The specific aims of the study were to assess the potential and current risks generated by visitors as well giving a general appraisal of implemented heritage presentation techniques. It examined the achievement of heritage presentation in enhancing heritage tourism development in Qusair Amra. On site visits were used to ascertain presentation tools and site management being operated at Qusair Amra. Conclusions and recommendations have emerged from this analysis. The main outcome is the lack of careful planning for heritage presentation at the attraction level. This lack has led to differences in the management of other issues such as interpretation and knowledge of visitor profiles. This research can be used in future tourism planning, tourist management and future interpretation of Qusair Amra.
The Brief Case: Vaccine strain herpes zoster ophthalmicus and meningoencephalitis in an immunocompetent child

recognition of a rare occurrence of VZV meningoencephalitis. We have also previously demonstrated that rapid and accurate testing of CSF for HSV1/2 prompted faster optimization of therapy including discontinu­ ation of IV acyclovir (5). To date, there are limited commercial assays approved by the Food and Drug Administration for detection of bacterial and viral pathogens from CSF specimens including VZV
The Brief Case: An unexpected cause of meningoencephalitis in an infant

, red blood cells 3,000 cells/µL (reference range 0–5 cells/µL), protein 269 mg/dl (no reference range for this age group), and glucose 44 mg/dl (serum glucose = 87 mg/dl; no reference range for this age group). Bacterial cultures, HSV RT-PCR, meningitis/encephalitis PCR panel (BioFire FilmArray Meningitis/Encephalitis panel), and bacterial broad-range 16S rRNA RT-PCR performed on CSF were negative. Given the history of tick exposure and the regional tick-borne disease epidemiology, diagnostic testing was expanded to include serologic assessment for vector-borne infections, including Lyme disease, West Nile virus (WNV), LaCrosse encephalitis virus, Eastern Equine Encephalitis virus, St. Louis encephalitis virus, Western Equine Encephalitis virus, and Powassan virus (POWV). Of these, the anti-POWV IgM enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) performed on serum was positive. This result was subsequently confirmed by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) with an anti-POWV plaque-reduc­ tion neutralization testing (PRNT) titer of 1:1,024. All antimicrobials were stopped; the infant remained afebrile and was discharged after 5 days of hospitalization. The patient was seen for regular follow-up with neurology and primary care and found to have normal neurodevelopment up to 9 months
Association of carotid artery stenosis and ischemic stroke in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting

Background. The incidence of stroke after Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and the effect of carotid artery stenosis for risk assessment of stroke was strongly needed. This study compared the relation of ischemic stroke in the patients posted for CABG with varying degree of carotid artery stenosis (CAS) as measured by carotid artery Doppler. Patients and methods. This prospective cross-sectional study enrolled 422 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) who underwent CABG. Out of them 170 patient with concomitant CAD were selected and divided into three groups such as mild, moderate and severe CAS. The occurrence of stroke was measured. Results. Unilateral CAS was common than bilateral CAS (71.2% vs 28.8%). Mild CAS was more than moderate and severe CAS (72.4% vs 21.2% vs 6.5%). Stroke observed in 1.2%, in which one patient had moderate CAS and other had severe CAS on the side of clinical stroke post CABG. Right carotid disease was frequent among 3 groups (51.8% vs 47.6%; 11.8% vs 10.6%; 4.1% vs 3.5%). Patient with old stroke showed significant correlation with the severity of CAD (p=0.02). Post-surgery stroke had significant correlation with previous history of stroke (p=0.001), severity of CAD (p=0.01) and bilateral CAS (p=0.02). Post-operative low volume state requiring prolonged ionotropic support showed significant correlation to stroke (p=0.02). Conclusion. Screening of patients for CAS in patients age >65 years with previous stroke, and comorbidities aids the surgeon to take required measures to prevent stroke as a complication intraoperative or postoperative and decrease morbidity to the patient.
A k-Round Elimination Contention Scheme for WLANs

The contention resolution scheme is a key component in carrier-sense-based wireless MAC protocols. It has a major impact on MAC'S performance metrics such as throughput, delay, and jitter. The IEEE 802.11 DCF adopts a simple contention resolution scheme, namely, the binary exponential backoff (BEB) scheme. The BEB scheme achieves a reasonable performance for transmitting best-effort packets in small-sized wireless networks. However, as the network size increases, it suffers from inefficiency because of the medium contention, which leads to reduced performance. The main reason is that the BEB mechanism incurs an ever- increasing collision rate as the number of contending nodes increases. We devise a novel contention resolution scheme, a k-round elimination contention (k-EC) scheme. The k-EC scheme exhibits high efficiency and robustness during the collision resolution. More importantly, it is insensitive to the number of contending nodes. This feature makes it feasible for use in networks of different sizes. Simulation results show that the k-EC scheme offers a powerful remedy to medium contention resolution. It significantly outperforms the IEEE 802.11 DCF scheme in all the MAC'S performance metrics and also exhibits better fairness.
“More questions than answers”: Ohio farmers’ perceptions of novel soil health data and their utility for on-farm management

ABSTRACT Soil health has become an emergent focus of contemporary agricultural research, yet little work has addressed how soil health data – and biological indicators in particular – are interpreted by farmers and potentially incorporated into their decision-making. To address this gap, in-depth interviews were conducted with 20 Ohio farmers after sharing a soil health report that detailed physical, chemical, and biological indicators from at least two sampled fields from their farms. Research findings demonstrate that while farmers expressed strong interest in soil biological health indicators specifically, the data often raised more questions than answers for participants. Specifically, three main themes emerged in the interviews: 1) uncertainties in interpreting the soil health indicators, 2) questions regarding translation of soil health data into management, and 3) affirmation of existing management choices. The first two response themes point to a need for scientists to develop greater access and exposure to soil health data to facilitate interpretation. Furthermore, researchers and extension agents can play a critical role in guiding recommendations for potential application of soil health data in on-farm management. While research on soil health has widely expanded in recent years, this study highlights the need for greater attention to its translational science and the co-production of knowledge. Graphical abstract
Effects of deforestation and riparian buffers on lotic communities in Southeastern Costa Rica: implications for biodiversity conservation in tropical streams

Freshwater biodiversity in the tropics is threatened by a variety of anthropogenic factors, and land cover change may have the most widespread and pervasive impacts. Costa Rica has experienced extensive deforestation, and there is a great need to understand how land cover change has affected stream ecosystems and investigate strategies for mitigating these impacts. Understanding the distribution of freshwater biodiversity in relatively pristine systems is also critical for effective conservation planning. To examine the effects of deforestation on stream communities in southeastern Costa Rica and test the hypothesis that riparian forest buffers can reduce these effects, comparisons were made between forested stream reaches and stream reaches adjacent to pasture with and without a riparian forest buffer. Based on these comparisons, deforestation appeared to significantly alter the diversity and taxonomic composition of fish and benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages in the study streams, as well as stream temperatures and allochthonous inputs. Reaches with a riparian forest buffer, however, generally maintained aquatic assemblages and stream ecosystem conditions more similar to those observed in forested reaches. Overall, these results provide support for existing Costa Rican regulations mandating riparian forest protection, and suggest that appropriate riparian management could significantly reduce the impacts of deforestation on tropical stream biota. To investigate landscape-scale patterns in fish diversity, stream fishes were sampled along an altitudinal gradient of nearly 500 m in the Sixaola River basin. Fish diversity decreased steeply with increasing elevation, and the main gradient in assemblage structure was strongly correlated with several stream habitat variables. Diadromous fishes were common throughout the altitudinal gradient and dominated the highest elevation sites, highlighting the importance of longitudinal connectivity in Mesoamerican river systems. Systematic conservation planning that focuses on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, as well as biophysical linkages between these realms, could potentially identify more efficient and effective reserve networks. A critical evaluation of existing planning methods illustrates how incorporating linkages among ecosystems increases planning complexity. Several of the methods reviewed would be applicable to an example planning domain in Costa Rica and Panama, but new tools will be needed to realize the full potential of a comprehensive planning approach.
Dynamical Seasonal Forecasts during the 1997/98 ENSO Using Persisted SST Anomalies

Abstract An evaluation of trial seasonal forecasts during the 1997/98 El Nino, using an atmospheric GCM forced by persisted sea surface temperature and sea-ice anomalies, is presented. Generally, forecasts of seasonal anomalies of precipitation, surface air temperature, 200-hPa geopotential height, and mean sea level pressure (MSLP) are shown to have statistically significant skill in the Tropics and subtropics, but predominantly over the oceans. Surface air temperature and 200-hPa height anomalies are also skillfully forecast over land in the 30°S–30°N latitudinal band, and, in contrast to precipitation and MSLP, also show significant skill in the extratropics. The global pattern of significant skill seems not to be oversensitive to the use of a Kuo or a mass-flux convection scheme (Tiedtke), although the global root-mean-square errors are consistently larger, in the latter case. Results from multidecadal simulations of the model, when forced by observed sea surface temperature and sea-ice, show that the.
Interdecadal Fluctuations of the Monsoon's Boundary Zone in the Northern China

Based on the monthly mean temperature and precipitation data of 155 stations covering 1961—1999 in eastern and northern China,and using the Thornthwaite formula,the water requirement and the moisture index in study area are calculated in this paper.The-20 and 0 moisture index isolines are defined as the front and back boundaries of monsoon's boundary zone.The boundaries' interdecadal positions and their fluctuations are also analyzed,and results show that in the 39 years,the motion of the monsoon's boundaries in the east of China has an obvious regional character,and the fluctuation of the back boundary also has a conspicuous interdecadal variability.The interdecadal variation characteristics of rainfall in the study area are analyzed too,and it is found that the trends of precipitation in the three subareas,i.e.the east of Northwest China,North China,and Northeast China,are generally in agreement with the respective trends of the boundary fluctuations of monsoon.
Observed and projected decrease in Northern Hemisphere extratropical cyclone activity in summer and its impacts on maximum temperature

Extratropical cyclones cause much of the high‐impact weather over the midlatitudes. With increasing greenhouse gases, enhanced high‐latitude warming will lead to weaker cyclone activity. Here we show that between 1979 and 2014, the number of strong cyclones in Northern Hemisphere in summer has decreased at a rate of 4% per decade, with even larger decrease found near northeastern North America. Climate models project a decrease in summer cyclone activity, but the observed decreasing rate is near the fastest projected. Decrease in summer cyclone activity will lead to decrease in cloud cover, giving rise to higher maximum temperature, potentially enhancing the increase in maximum temperature by 0.5 K or more over some regions. We also show that climate models may have biases in simulating the positive relationship between cyclone activity and cloud cover, potentially underestimating the impacts of cyclone decrease on accentuating the future increase in maximum temperature.
Evaluation of Traditional Finance Models and Machine Learning Approaches in FOREX Volatility Prediction

Predicting volatility in the Foreign Exchange (FOREX) market is of paramount importance for stakeholders, including portfolio managers, risk managers, and central banks. It significantly impacts risk management, trading strategies, and monetary policy formulation. Traditional finance models, such as Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (ARCH) and Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (GARCH), have been extensively employed for modeling and forecasting financial market volatility. In recent years, machine learning (ML) algorithms, including Support Vector Machines (SVM), Neural Networks (NN), and Deep Learning (DL), have emerged as promising approaches for predicting complex financial time series data. This research presents a systematic and performance-based evaluation of traditional finance models and ML algorithms for predicting FOREX volatility, with a specific focus on the EUR/USD currency pair using daily close prices. The comparative analysis assesses the predictive performance of ARCH, GARCH, SVM, NN, and DL models, utilizing the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) as the primary performance metric. The findings of this study indicated that traditional finance models, including ARCH and GARCH, exhibited reasonable performance in capturing certain aspects of FOREX volatility. However, ML algorithms surpassed these models, with the SVM, NN, and DL models demonstrating superior predictive capabilities. The insights derived from this analysis hold significant value as a guide for decision-making processes for various stakeholders. Additionally, this research contributed to the existing body of knowledge on FOREX volatility prediction, paving the way for future research in this domain.