Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal control of Jovian magnetopause motion

The magnetopause crossings of the Pioneer 10 and 11 spacecraft in Jovian magnetic coordinates (system III) are largely restricted in longitude to one hemisphere of Jupiter. This hemisphere is the one that has been identified by Vasyliunas [1975] as the "active hemisphere". This finding is interpreted as indicating that the magnetopause of the active hemisphere moves inward and outward with a radial speed that is typically faster than that of the inactive hemisphere.
DGEMM Optimization Oriented to ARM SVE Instruction Set Architecture

In current computer performance evaluation, linear mathematics library is an important test program and matrix multiplication is its main calculation part. Matrix multiplication algorithm contains multi-layer loops and can be parallelized flexibly. It is very suitable to run on multi-core processor with vector registers. With the popularity and application of ARMV8 vector processors in the field of high performance computing, the peak performance of processors is required to be higher. In this paper, we propose a double precision general matrix multiplication DGEMM vectorization method based on OpenBLAS and implemented on Phytium processor. The main work includes: the data block size is optimized for the storage structure of the processor and the data rearrangement is redesigned; based on the SVE vector instructions, a mathematical model is established to find the optimal kernel function size; an efficient assembly kernel is realized by using computing instructions to hide the memory delay. The experimental results show that the optimized code improves the measured performance of OpenBLAS original DGEMM algorithm from 45.07% of the theoretical peak performance of single core to 80.18%.
Tension-field theory

A general theory of the tension field is developed for application to the analysis of wrinkling in isotropic elastic membranes undergoing finite deformations. The principal contribution is a partial differential equation describing a geometrical property of tension trajectories. This is one of a system of two equations which describes the state of stress independently of the deformation. This system is strongly elliptic at any stable solution, whereas the deformation is described by a system of parabolic type. Controllable solutions, i. e. those states that can be maintained in any isotropic elastic material by application of edge tractions and lateral pressure alone, are obtained. The general axisymmetric problem is solved implicitly and the theory is applied to the solution of two representative examples. Existing small strain theories are shown to correspond to a singular limit of the general theory, at which the underlying system changes from elliptic to parabolic type.
Four decades of inverse problems in hydrogeology

We review the main stages of the evolution of ideas and methods for solving the inverse problem in hydrogeology; i.e., the identification of the transmissivity field in single-phase flow from piezometric data, in mainly steady-state and, occasionally, transient flow conditions. We first define the data needed to solve an inverse problem in hydrogeology, then describe the numerous approaches that have been developed over the past 40 years to solve it, emphasizing the major contributions made by Shlomo P. Neuman. Finally, we briefly discuss fitting processes that start by defining the unknown field as geological images (generated by Boolean or geostatistical methods). The early attempts at solving the inverse problem were direct, i.e., the transmissivity field was directly determined by using stream lines of the flow and inverting the flow equation along these lines. Faced with the poor results obtained in this manner, hydrogeologists have tried many different ways of minimizing the balance error representing an integral of the mass-balance error for each mesh for a given transmissivity field. These attempts were accompanied by constraints imposed on the transmissivity field in order to avoid instabilities. The idea then emerged that the unknown field should reproduce the local observations of the pressure at the measurement points instead of minimizing a balance error. Second, it should also satisfy a condition of plausibility, which means that the transmissivity field obtained through the inverse solution should not deviate too far from an a priori estimate of the real transmissivity field. This a priori notion led to the inclusion of a Bayesian approach resulting in the search for an optimal solution by maximum likelihood, as expounded later. Simultaneously, the existence of locally measured values in the transmissivity field (obtained by pumping tests) allowed geostatistical methods to be used in the formulation of the problem; the result of this innovation was that three major approaches came into being: (1) the definition of the a priori transmissivity field by kriging; (2) the method of cokriging; (3) the pilot point method. Furthermore, geostatistics made it possible to pose the inverse problem in a stochastic framework and to solve an ensemble of possible and equally probable fields, each of them equally acceptable as a solution.
The role of teacher self-efficacy on the instructional quality in 21st century: A study on vocational teachers, Indonesia

The quality of learning for vocational teachers in Indonesia in the 21st century is still a very serious problem and has not yet received a practical solution. The prediction is that the self-efficacy of vocational teachers is weak and is motivated by very limited mastery of digital technology and low psychological well-being, which is strongly suspected as a contributing factor. This study examines the role of self-efficacy and mediation of digital technology intimacy and psychological well-being in improving the quality of vocational teacher learning. This research is an ex-post-facto study with 216 vocational teachers as respondents. Data was collected using a questionnaire technique consisting of digital technology intimacy (DTI), psychological well-being (PWB), self-efficacy (SE), and instructional quality (IQ) questionnaires using four Likert scales, namely strongly agree to strongly disagree. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis techniques with path analysis and bootstrap methods. The results of the study revealed that SE had a significant and positive effect on DTI and PWB in influencing the quality of learning. On the other hand, DTI and PWB have a positive effect on self-efficacy and learning quality.
Equilibrium and magnetic properties of a rotating plasma annulus

Local linear analysis shows that magneto-rotational instability can be excited in laboratory rotating plasmas with a density of 1019m−3, a temperature on the order of 10eV, and a magnetic field on the order of 100G. A laboratory plasma annulus experiment with a dimension of ∼1m, and rotation at ∼0.5 sound speed is described. Correspondingly, magnetic Reynolds number of these plasmas is ∼1000, and magnetic Prandtl number ranges from about one to a few hundred. A radial equilibrium, ρUθ2∕r=d(p+Bz2∕2μ0)∕dr=K0, with K0 being a nonzero constant, is proposed for the experimental data. Plasma rotation is observed to drive a quasisteady diamagnetic electrical current (rotational current drive) in a high-β plasma annulus. The rotational energy depends on the direction and the magnitude of the externally applied magnetic field. Radial current (Jr) is produced through biasing the center rod at a negative electric potential relative to the outer wall. Jr×Bz torque generates and sustains the plasma rotation. Rotationa.
Bayesian volumetric calibration: an application of reversible jump Markov chain Monte Carlo methods

Volumetric calibration is used for high accuracy estimation of the functional volume‐to‐level relationship for vessels used to store hazardous liquids. An example of calibration of a vessel for reprocessed nuclear material is used to illustrate an analysis of calibration data. We advocate a Bayesian approach, with proper account of genuine prior information, using a reversible jump Markov chain Monte Carlo method for estimation.
Circulant Preconditioned Toeplitz Least Squares Iterations

The authors consider the solution of least squares problems $\min \|b - Tx\|_2$ by the preconditioned conjugate gradient method, for $m$-by-$n$ complex Toeplitz matrices $T$ of rank $n$. A circulant preconditioner $C$ is derived using the $T$. Chan optimal preconditioner on $n$-by-$n$ Toeplitz row blocks of $T$. For Toeplitz $T$ that are generated by $2\pi$-periodic continuous complex-valued functions without any zeros, the authors prove that the singular values of the preconditioned matrix $TC^{-1}$ are clustered around 1, for sufficiently large $n$. The paper shows that if the condition number of $T$ is of $O(n^{\alpha}), \alpha > 0$, then the least squares conjugate gradient method converges in at most $O(cd\alpha \log n + 1)$ steps. Since each iteration requires only $O(m \log n)$ operations using the Fast Fourier Transform, it follows that the total complexity of the algorithm is then only $O(\alpha m \log^{2} n + m \log n)$. Conditions for superlinear convergence are given and regularization techniques leading to superlinear convergence for least squares computations with ill-conditioned Toeplitz matrices arising from inverse problems are derived. Numerical examples are provided illustrating the effectiveness of the authors' methods.
Adaptive control of a class of nonlinear systems with a triangular structure

An adaptive control approach to a class of nonlinear systems with a triangular structure is developed. The systems considered here are described by a set of second-order differential equations, and thus there are many applications to the control of mechanical systems. The design procedure of the control law is based on the idea of properly using the structure of the system, and sequentially developing an adaptive controller that is globally stable. A class of single-input single-output nonlinear systems with a triangular structure is defined and the stabilizability conditions are derived. A control strategy to stabilize the same class of systems with unknown parameters is developed and an adaptive controller for realizing the strategy is systematically designed. The constructive procedure used for generating the adaptive controller is shown to result in the closed-loop system being asymptotically stable at the origin. The approach is illustrated using an example of a coupled mechanical system. <<ETX>>
Lunar Regolith Analogues: Spectral Reflectance Properties of Compositional Variations

Abstract The reflectance spectra of a number of glass and mafic silicate-bearing mineral mixtures designed to reproduce some of the spectral reflectance properties of lunar regoliths have been analyzed in order to assess how the reflectance spectra are altered by glass, end member abundance, and compositional variations. The reflectance spectra of glasses produced from different starting compositions show wide spectral variations attributable to differences in fusion times, techniques, and starting compositions. All the glasses show increasing reflectance toward longer wavelengths and very subdued or absent absorption bands. Olivine abundance and pyroxene compositional variations have the most dramatic effects on the spectra of mafic silicate-bearing mixtures in terms of changes in band positions, widths, depths, and areas and consequently are the easiest types of variations to recognize. Pyroxene, ilmenite, and plagioclase abundance variations cause less readily detectable changes in these spectral parameters. Plagioclase, being more weakly featured than mafic silicates, is difficult to unambiguously identify in mafic silicate-bearing mixture spectra unless its abundance exceeds ∼50 wt%. Continuum removal was applied to glass-bearing mineral mixtures in attempts to reconstruct band positions, widths, depths, and areas of glass-free mineral mixtures by dividing glass-bearing mixture spectra by a straight line continuum or by the spectrum of the glass used in the mixture. The results suggest that straight line continuum division is generally more effective at reproducing most of the diagnostic spectral parameters of the corresponding glass-free mixtures and hence is more effective for isolating and subsequently analyzing mineral absorption bands.
A Multiple Attention Label-Enhanced Model for Legal Article Prediction

Legal Article Prediction (LAP) aims to automatically identify the relevant articles according to the content of the prosecution document of each case and the established law articles, which is of great value in legal assistance systems and in improving the work efficiency of legal practitioners. In this paper, we formulate LAP as a multi-label learning problem and present a Multiple Attention Label-Enhanced Model (MALE), which first utilizes two encoders to obtain the base representation of fact description and established law articles, second employs a labelenhanced method fully fusing the information of the two from different perspectives to get the co-dependent representation of the fact description and each law article finally. Experimental results on the CAIL2018 public dataset demonstrate that MALE achieves significant performance improvements over existing neural models in predicting relevant law articles.
Ag Thin Films from Pelargonium Zonale Leaves via Green Chemistry

Ag thin films were successfully produced via a green chemistry method from silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) obtained from reacting an extract of Pelargonium Zonale leaves with silver nitrate. The ions of silver nitrate were reduced to silver atoms by reducing stabilizer-capping compounds contained in the extract of Pelargonium Zonale leaves. The obtained atoms nucleate in small clusters that grew into nanoparticles and finally, they formed a homogeneous silver thin film on a glass substrate. The nanostructured thin films obtained were characterized by profilometry, X Ray Diffraction, Atomic Force Electronic Microscopy, UV-Vis, and Transmission Electron Microscopy.
By-Product Extracts from Castanea sativa Counteract Hallmarks of Neuroinflammation in a Microglial Model

Castanea sativa is very common in Italy, and the large amount of waste material generated during chestnut processing has a high environmental impact. Several studies demonstrated that chestnut by-products are a good source of bioactive compounds, mainly endowed with antioxidant properties. This study further investigates the anti-neuroinflammatory effect of chestnut leaf and spiny bur extracts, together with the deepest phytochemical characterisation (by NMR and MS) of active biomolecules contained in leaf extracts, which resulted in being more effective than spiny bur ones. BV-2 microglial cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were used as a model of neuroinflammation. In BV-2 cells pre-treated with chestnut extracts, LPS signalling is partially blocked via the reduced expression of TLR4 and CD14 as well as the expression of LPS-induced inflammatory markers. Leaf extract fractions revealed the presence of specific flavonoids, such as isorhamnetin glucoside, astragalin, myricitrin, kaempferol 3-rhamnosyl (1-6)(2″-trans-p-coumaroyl)hexoside, tiliroside and unsaturated fatty acids, all of which could be responsible for the observed anti-neuroinflammatory effects. Interestingly, the kaempferol derivative has been identified in chestnut for the first time. In conclusion, the exploitation of chestnut by-products is suitable for the achievement of two goals: satisfaction of consumers’ demand for new, natural bio-active compounds and valorisation of by-products.
Emerging Targeted Therapies for HER2-Positive Breast Cancer

Simple Summary HER2-positive breast cancer (BC), which accounts for ~20% of BC, is one of the more aggressive and has the worst overall survival rate among them. These patients are treated with trastuzumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting the HER2 molecule. Even though trastuzumab is an effective therapy, resistance events hamper its clinical benefit, making the development of new therapies a constantly growing area of interest. In this review, we will summarize the current therapies for HER2-positive BC and review the therapeutic approaches effective in preclinical models and clinical trials which could contribute to the therapeutic landscape. We will investigate the development of novel HER2-therapies such as antibodies, inhibitors, and bispecific antibodies, which is a burgeoning field in oncology. Furthermore, we will summarize the most recent developments in CAR-T, CAR-NK, and CAR-M therapies for the treatment of HER2-positive tumors, as well as a brief review of cancer vaccines. Abstract Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and the leading cause of death. HER2 overexpression is found in approximately 20% of breast cancers and is associated with a poor prognosis and a shorter overall survival. Tratuzumab, a monoclonal antibody directed against the HER2 receptor, is the standard of care treatment. However, a third of the patients do not respond to therapy. Given the high rate of resistance, other HER2-targeted strategies have been developed, including monoclonal antibodies such as pertuzumab and margetuximab, trastuzumab-based antibody drug conjugates such as trastuzumab-emtansine (T-DM1) and trastuzumab-deruxtecan (T-DXd), and tyrosine kinase inhibitors like lapatinib and tucatinib, among others. Moreover, T-DXd has proven to be of use in the HER2-low subtype, which suggests that other HER2-targeted therapies could be successful in this recently defined new breast cancer subclassification. When patients progress to multiple strategies, there are several HER2-targeted therapies available; however, treatment options are limited, and the potential combination with other drugs, immune checkpoint inhibitors, CAR-T cells, CAR-NK, CAR-M, and vaccines is an interesting and appealing field that is still in development. In this review, we will discuss the highlights and pitfalls of the different HER2-targeted therapies and potential combinations to overcome metastatic disease and resistance to therapy.
Inconsistencies Detection in Bipolar Entailment Graphs

English. In the latest years, a number of real world applications have underlined the need to move from Textual Entailment (TE) pairs to TE graphs where pairs are no more independent. Moving from single pairs to a graph has the advantage of providing an overall view of the issue discussed in the text, but this may lead to possible inconsistencies due to the combination of the TE pairs into a unique graph. In this paper, we adopt argumentation theory to support human annotators in detecting the possible sources of inconsistencies. Italiano. Negli ultimi anni, in svari-ate applicazioni sta sorgendo la necessit a di passare da coppie di Textual Entail-ment (TE) a grafi di TE, in cui le cop-pie sono interconnesse. Il vantaggio dei grafi di TE e di fornire una visione glob-ale del soggetto di cui si sta discutendo nel testo. Allo stesso tempo, questopu o gener-are inconsistenze dovute all'integrazione dipi u coppie di TE in un unico grafo. In questo articolo, ci basiamo sulla teo-ria dell'argomentazione per supportare gli annotatori nell'individuare le possibili fonti di inconsistenze.
An observational study of the eclipsing nova-like variable BH Lyncis (≡PG 0818+513)

Photometric and spectroscopic observations of the nova-like variable BH Lyn are presented. The continuum and line light curves exhibit deep eclipses which recur with a period of 3.74 hr. The spectra have single-peaked Balmer and He I emission lines which, due to the absorption of low-velocity emission, exhibit a double-peaked structure near the inferior conjunction of the emission-line source. The high-excitation lines of He II λ4686 A and C III/N III λλ4640-4650 A are very weak. Radial velocity measurements show large phase shifts in all the emission lines
Agricultural pest detection algorithm based on attention mechanism

Recently, the Yolov5s algorithm in agricultural pest detection is often compromised by upsampling of information, resulting in the loss of detailed information in small target features. To solve this problem, an algorithm for agricultural pest detection in natural environment based on attenuation factors is proposed in this paper. The backbone of Yolov5s was used as a backbone network, and the attention mechanism SE was added to the bottleneck structure of the network to solve the problems such as the disappearance of the gradient in the training process and improve the detection accuracy of small targets. Experimental results show that the MAP0.5 and MAP0.5:0.95 of the improved Yolov5s in IP102 reach 58.76% and 35.53%, respectively. Compared with the original algorithm, the MAP0.5 and MAP0.5:0.95 is improved by 0.83% and 0.4%, respectively.
Oat Milk Tea Model System: Exploring the Stability of Milk Tea and the Bioaccessibility of Green Tea Polyphenols

Oat milk has become preferential because of its low calorie nature and high dietary fiber content, but its ability to “curdle” when mixed with tea can affect the consumer acceptability for oat milk tea. In this study, a model system for oat milk tea was made by combining oat milk and green tea extract to evaluate the impacts of the oat milk matrix and green tea extract concentration on the stability and polyphenol bioaccessibility. The stability analysis results showed that adding green tea extract to oat milk influenced the stability of the oat milk tea model systems. In contrast, the 3.0% fat oat milk tea model system exhibited a higher stability than the 1.5% fat oat milk tea model system. In simulated gastrointestinal digestive experiments, tea polyphenols in the oat milk tea model systems were relatively stable in oral and stomach digestive stages, while they clearly degraded in the small intestine digestive stage. Furthermore, the bioaccessibility of tea polyphenols was higher for the 3.0% fat oat milk tea model system than for the 1.5% fat oat milk tea model system, especially at low concentrations of green tea extracts (0.05%~0.25%). These results may provide a theoretical reference and data for the formulation of oat milk tea and the bioaccessibility of tea polyphenols in food matrices.