Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Intrusion Detection with LSTM Recurrent Neural Network Optimized by Emperor Penguin Algorithm

Intrusion detection systems (IDS) have been developed to identify and classify these attacks in order to prevent them from occurring. However, the accuracy and efficiency of these systems are still not satisfactory. In previous research, most of the methods used were based on ordinary neural networks, which had low accuracy. Therefore, this thesis, with the aim of presenting a new approach to intrusion detection and improving its accuracy and efficiency, uses long-term memory (LSTM) optimized with the Penguin optimization algorithm (EPO). In the proposed approach, first, the features were pre-processed by normalization, cleaning, and formatting in number format. In the next step, the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) method was used to reduce the dimensions of the processed features, and after that, the EPO algorithm was used to optimize the size of the hidden unit of the LSTM network. Finally, the optimized network was evaluated using the NSL-KDD dataset, which is a widely used benchmark dataset in the field of intrusion detection. The results obtained for the training and test datasets were 99.4 and 98.8%, respectively. These results show that the proposed approach can accurately identify and classify network intrusions and outperform many existing approaches. Keywords: Intrusion Detection Systems, Penguin Meta-Heuristic Algorithm, Long-Term Memory Neural Network, Linear Detection Analysis.
TAVI-PREP: A Deep Learning-Based Tool for Automated Measurements Extraction in TAVI Planning

Background: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is a less invasive alternative to open-heart surgery for treating severe aortic stenosis. Despite its benefits, the risk of procedural complications necessitates careful preoperative planning. Methods: This study proposes a fully automated deep learning-based method, TAVI-PREP, for pre-TAVI planning, focusing on measurements extracted from computed tomography (CT) scans. The algorithm was trained on the public MM-WHS dataset and a small subset of private data. It uses MeshDeformNet for 3D surface mesh generation and a 3D Residual U-Net for landmark detection. TAVI-PREP is designed to extract 22 different measurements from the aortic valvular complex. A total of 200 CT-scans were analyzed, and automatic measurements were compared to the ones made manually by an expert cardiologist. A second cardiologist analyzed 115 scans to evaluate inter-operator variability. Results: High Pearson correlation coefficients between the expert and the algorithm were obtained for most parameters (0.90–0.97), except for left and right coronary height (0.8 and 0.72, respectively). Similarly, the mean absolute relative error was within 5% for most measurements, except for left and right coronary height (11.6% and 16.5%, respectively). A greater consensus was observed among experts than when compared to the automatic approach, with TAVI-PREP showing no discernable bias towards either the lower or higher ends of the measurement spectrum. Conclusions: TAVI-PREP provides reliable and time-efficient measurements of the aortic valvular complex that could aid clinicians in the preprocedural planning of TAVI procedures.
Structure–Function Analysis of RBP7910: An Editosome Z-Binding Protein in Trypanosomatids

RNA editing, a unique post-transcriptional modification, is observed in trypanosomatid parasites as a crucial procedure for the maturation of mitochondrial mRNAs. The editosome protein complex, involving multiple protein components, plays a key role in this process. In Trypanosoma brucei, a putative Z-DNA binding protein known as RBP7910 is associated with the editosome. However, the specific Z-DNA/Z-RNA binding activity and the interacting interface of RBP7910 have yet to be determined. In this study, we conducted a comparative analysis of the binding behavior of RBP7910 with different potential ligands using microscale thermophoresis (MST). Additionally, we generated a 3D model of the protein, revealing potential Z-α and Z-β nucleic acid-binding domains of RBP7910. RBP7910 belongs to the winged-helix–turn–helix (HTH) superfamily of proteins with an α1α2α3β1β2 topology. Finally, using docking techniques, potential interacting surface regions of RBP7910 with notable oligonucleotide ligands were identified. Our findings indicate that RBP7910 exhibits a notable affinity for (CG)n Z-DNA, both in single-stranded and double-stranded forms. Moreover, we observed a broader interacting interface across its Z-α domain when bound to Z-DNA/Z-RNA compared to when bound to non-Z-form nucleic acid ligands.
Prescribed-Time Fractional Order Control of DWR via Time-Varying Scaling Function

This study focuses on a differential wheeled robot’s (DWR) prescribed-time fractional order position control. Firstly, based on the kinematic model of DWR, a distance-related orientation error is designed using the inverse sine function. Based on this, an improved linear velocity constraint function is proposed. Compared with existing methods, while ensuring the correlation between velocity and orientation error, the multibalance point risk caused by large angle errors is avoided. Then, a prescribed-time fractional order position controller based on a time-varying scaling function is proposed to stabilize the kinematic system of DWR in the prescribed time. This controller can stabilize the position control system of the DWR in a prescribed time by adjusting the prescribed-time parameter, avoiding the infinite gain risk in traditional prescribed-time controllers. Finally, through numerical simulation, we verify that the proposed control law can converge the system status of DWR to the bounded interval in the prescribed time.
[Prevalence and demographic factors associated with ferritin deficiency in Colombian children, 2010].

OBJECTIVES To determine prevalence and socio-demographic factors associated with ferritin deficiency in a representative sample of children in Colombia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cross sectional secondary data analysis of the National Survey on the Nutritional Situation (ENSIN) conducted in 2010 in Colombia in 3542 children between 12 and 59 months. Plasma ferritin levels were determined by chemiluminescence and values <12 ug/L were considered as deficit ferritin. Sociodemographic factors (sex, age, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and geographical region) were collected using a structured questionnaire. All analyses were performed taking into account the complex nature of the sample. RESULTS It was found that the average value of ferritin was 32.1 g/L, (CI 95%: 30.7-35.6). 10.6% (CI 95%: 9.3-12.0) of the children had ferritin levels less than 12.0 ug/L. The multivariate logistic regression shows that children aged 12 to 23 (OR 5.1, CI 95%: 3.3-8.0) and 24 to 35 months (OR 2.4, CI 95%: 1.5-3.7), belonging to the indigenous ethnic group (OR 1.8, CI 95%: 1.1-2.8), living in the Atlantic region (OR 2.0, CI 95%: 1.1 -3.6), or Pacific area (OR 2.0, CI 95%: 1.1-3.6) were associated with a higher probability of ferritin deficiencies. CONCLUSIONS A significant prevalence of anemia caused by ferritin deficiency was found as well as various sociodemographic factors that contributed to the likelihood of increasing this problem. Comprehensive interventions are recommended in which nutritional and educational components are involved.
FREE CASH FLOW, BIAYA KEAGENAN DAN KEBIJAKAN DIVIDEN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh aliran kas bebas terhadap biaya keagenan dan kebijakan dividen pada industri manufaktur Indonesia. Jumlah sampel data cross section penelitian ini adalah 106 perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) tahun 2020 dengan observasi 1.590 firm-year. Analisis regresi linier berganda dengan metode kuadrat terkecil biasa dan regresi logistik digunakan untuk menguji pengaruh arus kas bebas terhadap biaya keagenan dan kebijakan dividen. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel arus kas bebas berpengaruh signifikan terhadap biaya keagenan dan kebijakan dividen. Prediksi kemungkinan perusahaan manufaktur di Indonesia membagikan arus kas bebas sebagai dividen mencapai 99,99%. Hasil penelitian ini mendukung hipotesis biaya keagenan arus kas bebas dan teori kandungan informasi.
A three-dimensional representation of geomagnetic reversal records

Representations of the reversing geomagnetic field are generally based on paleomagnetic directions or virtual geomagnetic poles, i.e., one coordinate related to field intensity is missing. Interpretations based on these representations have led to conflicting models of reversals. We have assembled records of reversals for which an intensity determination is available, either absolute (volcanic sequences) or relative (sedimentary sequences), and we have chosen to represent them in terms of directions in local Cartesian coordinates: this representation is identical to the Zijderveld representation which is traditional in paleomagnetism. The 38 selected records correspond to Matuyama-Brunhes, Jaramillo, Olduvai and some older reversals up to 5 m.y. old. A total of 22% are from volcanic sequences and the rest from sedimentary ones. Vector behavior falls into one of five categories: A, the reversing field follows the local trend of the geocentric axial dipole (GAD) passing through the origin, with noise added; B, same as A, but offset by a constant component from the origin; C, the reversing field follows a linear trend going through the origin in Cartesian coordinates but the direction is different from that of the GAD; D, same as C but offset from the origin by a constant component; E, large noise, no linear or other simple bahavior. Over half (55%) of the records fall in either category A or B, 18% in category E. The C-type data often consist of dipole-parallel segments separated by jumps, the significance of which is as yet unclear. The number of cases with a linear behavior is remarkable (82%). Large directional swings in the traditional representations often correspond to far less conspicuous changes on the vector plots at points close to the origin; behavior there is dominated by “noise”, one source of which may simply be secular variation of the nondipole field. The constant offsets sometimes observed (34% of the cases) are as yet unexplained but may be due to rock magnetic problems and therefore may have no global significance. We doubt whether the present data allow us to extract resolvable terms such as g20 or h31 which have been inferred from the directional representation.
The genomic response to urbanization in the damselfly Ischnura elegans

The complex and rapid environmental changes brought about by urbanization pose significant challenges to organisms. The multifaceted effects of urbanization often make it difficult to define and pinpoint the very nature of adaptive urban phenotypes. In such situations, scanning genomes for regions differentiated between urban and non‐urban populations may be an attractive approach. Here, we investigated the genomic signatures of adaptation to urbanization in the damselfly Ischnura elegans sampled from 31 rural and urban localities in three geographic regions: southern and northern Poland, and southern Sweden. Genome‐wide variation was assessed using more than 370,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) genotyped by ddRADseq. Associations between SNPs and the level of urbanization were tested using two genetic environment association methods: Latent Factors Mixed Models and BayPass. While we found numerous candidate SNPs and a highly significant overlap between candidates identified by the two methods within the geographic regions, there was a distinctive lack of repeatability between the geographic regions both at the level of individual SNPs and of genomic regions. However, we found “synapse organization” at the top of the functional categories enriched among the genes located in the proximity of the candidate urbanization SNPs. Interestingly, the overall significance of “synapse organization” was built up by the accretion of different genes associated with candidate SNPs in different geographic regions. This finding is consistent with the highly polygenic nature of adaptation, where the response may be achieved through a subtle adjustment of allele frequencies in different genes that contribute to adaptive phenotypes. Taken together, our results point to a polygenic adaptive response in the nervous system, specifically implicating genes involved in synapse organization, which mirrors the findings from several genomic and behavioral studies of adaptation to urbanization in other taxa.
A di-electrophoretic simulation procedure of iron-oxide micro-particle drug attachment system for leukemia treatment using COMSOL software: a potential treatment reference for LMICs

Background Leukemia encompasses various subtypes, each with unique characteristics and treatment approaches. The challenge lies in developing targeted therapies that can effectively address the specific genetic mutations or abnormalities associated with each subtype. Some leukemia cases may become resistant to existing treatments over time making them less susceptible to chemotherapy or other standard therapies. Objective Developing new treatment strategies to overcome resistance is an ongoing challenge particularly in Low and Middle Income Countries (LMICs). Computational studies using COMSOL software could provide an economical, fast and resourceful approach to the treatment of complicated cancers like leukemia. Methods Using COMSOL Multiphysics software, a continuous flow microfluidic device capable of delivering anti-leukemia drugs to early-stage leukemia cells has been computationally modeled using dielectrophoresis (DEP). Results The cell size difference enabled the micro-particle drug attachment to the leukemia cells using hydrodynamic focusing from the dielectrophoretic force. This point of care application produced a low voltage from numerically calculated electrical field and flow speed simulations. Conclusion Therefore, such a dielectrophoretic low voltage application model can be used as a computational treatment reference for early-stage leukemia cells with an approximate size of 5 μm.
Experimental study of the influence of using polyurethane cushion to reduce vibration received by a wheelchair user.

PURPOSE The aim of this experimental study was to compare the ability of polyurethane cushions of three arbitrary selected thicknesses to minimize vibrations transmitted from the wheelchair to its user. METHODS Measurements were made during passive motion on five different surfaces often found in public spaces. Two tests were carried out during the measurements. In the first test, the sensor was located directly on the surface of the wheelchair seat. In the second test, a polyurethane cushion was placed on the seat, on which the measuring sensor was then placed. RESULTS The study showed that regardless of the surface on which the wheelchair user moves, the threshold defined in the ISO standard for frequencies in the range of 4-40 Hz was exceeded. However, thanks to the use of polyurethane cushions, vibration damping was visible for frequencies ranging from 10 to 40 Hz. The impact of the user's weight on the magnitude of the perceived vibrations was also observed. CONCLUSIONS Studies show that wheelchair users are exposed to whole body vibration that can negatively affect their health. Cushions made of polyurethane seem to be a promising solution to reduce whole body vibration in the frequency range that is burdensome and harmful to human health.
Early Lens Changes Seen in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis Applying Image Analysis Processing of Scheimpflug and Specular Microscopic Images

In order to know the initial lens changes that accompany atopic dermatitis (AD), 99 patients diagnosed dermatologically to have AD without any or with slight external ocular inflammations and with no habit of rubbing the eyelid due to severe itching were examined opthalmologically. Clinically, none of them showed any cataractous changes in their eyes. For the sake of comparison with the above population, 4 AD patients with cataractous eyes, 49 renal transplantation patients who were administered steroids over a long period of time but clinically had no cataractous lenses, and 94 healthy individuals with transparent lenses were also selected as subjects. The crystalline lenses of the subjects were examined using an anterior eye segment analysis system and specular microscopy. From Scheimpflug slit images of the lens, light scattering intensity of different lens layers was measured as an indicator of lens transparency changes. The subcapsular basement membrane and changes in the lens epithelial layers were analyzed from specular images of these areas by image processing. Results and considerations from the investigations were: (1) Initial lens changes in cases with AD which may be occult cataractous findings were often detectable. (2) Cataract associated with AD can be accelerated by steroid administration or the habit of strongly rubbing the eyelid, but this may not be the original cause of cataract formation. (3) Two types of cataract are seen in patients with AD: (a) anterior subcapsular plaque formation and (b) anterior and posterior subcapsular opacity formation. The latter type, however, is also accompanied by epithelial damage from the early stage. (4) Significant numbers of patients with AD who have not yet shown manifest lens changes were found among the subjects.
The context of REDD+ in Cameroon: drivers, agents and institutions.

This report presents the contextual conditions into which the REDD+ mechanism is to be received (assuming that REDD+ is ultimately adopted at the international level) by examining the current, relevant processes, such as discussion or lack of discussion, on the reference scenarios, funding mechanisms, cost/benefit sharing, carbon stocks, MRV (monitoring, reporting and verification) systems, coordination of policies and actions, and political reforms. This report also seeks to evaluate the contextual conditions in relation to the potential REDD+ mechanism using the 3E+ criteria, viz. effectiveness, efficiency, equity, and co-benefits. The report is presented in an outline developed with the research teams for other sites, with the analysis divided into the following 5 sections: drivers of deforestation and forest degradation; institutional environment and revenuedistribution mechanisms; political economy of deforestation and forest degradation; political environment of REDD+ (actors, events and processes); and an attempt to evaluate the profile of REDD+ in Cameroon on the basis of the 3E+ criteria.
Instrumental analysis of loss of assimilation of English nasal stops in adult Saudi EFL learners’ speech

Assimilation of consonant sounds within words and at word boundaries is a common phenomenon in English. However, EFL (English as a Foreign Language) learners may fail to observe the rule which makes their English sound sub-standard. This paper investigates whether adult Saudi EFL learners follow assimilation rules in English. Selected words and phrases spoken by a group of participants, where assimilated nasal sounds were used, were recorded using Praat software. Drawing spectrograms of the sound signals, time taken by participants to pronounce the assimilated sound segments was calculated. The time taken by native speakers of English to pronounce the same sound segments was also checked. The mean values of time taken by participants and native speakers to pronounce each assimilated sound segment were compared, with the assumption that if the participants took more time to pronounce the sound segments, they missed assimilation. The findings revealed that although in comparison to native speakers, Saudi EFL learners clocked slightly higher time duration, for most sounds the difference in time was not significant from the statistical point of view. The conclusion is that Saudi English learners are making efforts to be as close to native speakers as possible in using assimilated nasal sounds in English.
Neogene-Quaternary Volcanic forms in the Carpathian-Pannonian Region: a review

Neogene to Quaternary volcanic/magmatic activity in the Carpathian-Pannonian Region (CPR) occurred between 21 and 0.1 Ma with a distinct migration in time from west to east. It shows a diverse compositional variation in response to a complex interplay of subduction with rollback, back-arc extension, collision, slab break-off, delamination, strike-slip tectonics and microplate rotations, as well as in response to further evolution of magmas in the crustal environment by processes of differentiation, crustal contamination, anatexis and magma mixing. Since most of the primary volcanic forms have been affected by erosion, especially in areas of post-volcanic uplift, based on the level of erosion we distinguish: (1) areas eroded to the basement level, where paleovolcanic reconstruction is not possible; (2) deeply eroded volcanic forms with secondary morphology and possible paleovolcanic reconstruction; (3) eroded volcanic forms with remnants of original morphology preserved; and (4) the least eroded volcanic forms with original morphology quite well preserved. The large variety of volcanic forms present in the area can be grouped in a) monogenetic volcanoes and b) polygenetic volcanoes and their subsurface/intrusive counterparts that belong to various rock series found in the CPR such as calc-alkaline magmatic rock-types (felsic, intermediate and mafic varieties) and alkalic types including K-alkalic, shoshonitic, ultrapotassic and Na-alkalic. The following volcanic/subvolcanic forms have been identified: (i) domes, shield volcanoes, effusive cones, pyroclastic cones, stratovolcanoes and calderas with associated intrusive bodies for intermediate and basic calclkaline volcanism; (ii) domes, calderas and ignimbrite/ash-flow fields for felsic calc-alkaline volcanism and (iii) dome flows, shield volcanoes, maars, tuffcone/tuff-rings, scoria-cones with or without related lava flow/field and their erosional or subsurface forms (necks/ plugs, dykes, shallow intrusions, diatreme, lava lake) for various types of K- and Na-alkalic and ultra-potassic magmatism. Finally, we provide a summary of the eruptive history and distribution of volcanic forms in the CPR using several sub-region schemes.
Ayurvedic management of Gridhrasi with special reference to Sciatica: A Case Study

Background: About 70% to 80% of people in India report having low back pain, making it one of the most prevalent complaints. The most frequent intervertebral disc prolapse among the many causes of low back pain is referred to leg, buttock, or hip which frequently outlines the characteristics of Sciatica syndrome. Sciatica is similar to Gridhrasi, one of the most prevalent Vata illnesses, according to Ayurveda. Aims & Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Ayurvedic treatment in Gridhrasi. Materials and Methods: Single case study of a 44-year-old married man who had been visiting an Ayurvedic hospital for Ghridrasi of the right leg for eight months had previously been diagnosed with a diffuse bulging of the L4-L5 intervertebral disc. He had one month of Panchakarma therapy, which included Abhyanaga Swedana, Patra Pinda Swedana, and Tila Pinda Swedana in combination with Shamana Chikitsa. Results: After a month, the patient's symptoms were assessed, and the outcomes were good. The patient's general quality of life had also greatly improved. Conclusion: The mentioned treatment reduces Gridhrasi symptoms significantly.