Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stem cell therapy.

What are stem cells? Stem cells are no differentiated cells that have the ability of proliferation, regeneration, conversion to differentiated cells and tissue production. Regeneration means that these cells have the ability of asymmetric division which one of the resulting cells remains as stem cell while another cell, which is called daughter cell, becomes one cell of germ layer. Stem cells may remain inactive for a long time till they enter cell division again
Digital Tools for the Correct Use of the Slovenian Language in Mathematic Classes in Secondary Vocational School

Electronic grammar and spelling-checking tools can be valuable for improving language skills in both spoken and written communication. These tools, such as Language Tool and Editor in Word, offer grammar and spelling suggestions for correction, while applications such as InstaText or Grammarly can analyse word usage and sentence structure in a particular language, such as English. The aim of this article is to explore useful tools available to Slovenian students to improve their writing skills. It examines the tools that students use to improve their writing and the extent to which they use modern technology to do so. The present study is based on triangulation and survey. The research was carried out at the Secondary Vocational and Technical School of Mechanical Engineering, where the author teaches mathematics. A total of 57 students responded to the survey. We found that students know about online portals for text improvement, but they don't use them. A few of them know about and use word editors. The reasons for this vary, including limited awareness of the usefulness of the tool, lack of motivation, or the understanding that these tools are tools rather than substitutes for developing writing skills. To address this issue, it is crucial to raise students' awareness of how electronic tools can help to improve grammar and writing skills. Encouraging their use during the learning process is essential. However, it is equally important to emphasise the importance of regular writing practice and learning from mistakes as essential components of skill development.
Phylogenomic analyses reveal reticulate evolution between Neomicrocalamus and Temochloa (Poaceae: Bambusoideae)

Neomicrocalamus and Temochloa are closely related to bamboo genera. However, when considered with newly discovered and morphologically similar material from China and Vietnam, the phylogenetic relationship among these three groups was ambiguous in the analyses based on DNA regions. Here, as a means of investigating the relationships among the three bamboo groups and exploring potential sources of genomic conflicts, we present a phylogenomic examination based on the whole plastome, single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), and single-copy nuclear (SCN) gene datasets. Three different phylogenetic hypotheses were found. The inconsistency is attributed to the combination of incomplete lineage sorting and introgression. The origin of newly discovered bamboos is from introgressive hybridization between Temochloa liliana (which contributed 80.7% of the genome) and Neomicrocalamus prainii (19.3%), indicating that the newly discovered bamboos are closer to T. liliana in genetics. The more similar morphology and closer distribution elevation also imply a closer relationship between Temochloa and newly discovered bamboos.
The use of Monte Carlo simulations in the detection of nonstationarity in regional peak annual streamflow time series of British Columbia

The stationarity of historical hydrological time series is a fundamental assumption of water resources management. When this assumption proves valid, a time series is regarded as a stochastic process with constant statistical parameters. Anthropogenic activities may invalidate this assumption. Land use changes within a watershed may alter hydrologic characteristics. On a more regional scale, increased levels of atmospheric CO2 could potentially result in perturbations of climatic patterns. In addition, evidence of cyclical patterns exists in historical climate records. Provided these changes are not offsetting, they may manifest themselves as nonstationarities in the statistical parameters of hydrologic time series. The objective of this study was to investigate the assumption of stationarity in long-term peak annual streamflow records across British Columbia. Twenty-five peak annual streamflow records were grouped into five delineated regions. Nonparametric statistical tests were applied to each streamflow series within the region. Each region was then 'collapsed' into a single figure representing the test parameter for that region. These parameters were tested for trends and jumps in location, dispersion and overall distribution characteristics of each region. Finally, the regional results were contrasted against various Monte Carlo simulations to evaluate the probability that the magnitude of nonstationarity signified by each regional parameter could have resulted from random climatic variation. Evidence of drastic temporal decreases in mean peak annual floods suggested that stationarity is not a valid assumption for gauging stations located in the designated "East" region of British Columbia. A similar conclusion can be inferred for the region designated as "Mid North," where all flood frequency distribution parameters exhibit notable magnitudes of nonstationarity; Other regions showed inadequate evidence or do not contain enough information to dismiss the assumption of stationarity.
Evaluation of Convolutional Neural Network Model and Various Machine Learning Models for Decision-Making in the Health Care Industry

Numerous diseases nowadays should be recognized from the get-go to start viable treatments. If not, they may be lethal and incurable. Thus, it is important to examine convoluted clinical information, reports, and photos quicker while maintaining a more significant precision level. In different cases. , certain peculiarities are unpretentious to such an extent that individuals can't promptly distinguish them. At the point when a basic information examination on clinical information is expected to distinguish stowed-away connections or irregularities that are not obvious to people, AI innovations are being utilized in medical services for computational navigation. It is trying to execute algorithms to do such positions in any of them, yet it is considerably harder to develop calculation precision further while decreasing execution time. The meaning of preventive and productive medical services utilizing enormous information scattered through different loT gadgets is underlined in medical care and IT because of the late expanded interest. Medical care data investigation fundamentally includes forecast by utilizing a client's essential data and static information from a knowledge base. This research study proposes a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and machine learning-based unique model for health care predictions.
What Every Computer Scientist Should Know About Floating-Point Arithmetic Numerical Computation Guide Appendix D What Every Computer Scientist Should Know About Floating-Point Arithmetic

Floating-point arithmetic is considered an esoteric subject by many people. This is rather surprising because floating-point is ubiquitous in computer systems. Almost every language has a floating-point datatype; computers from PCs to supercomputers have floating-point accelerators; most compilers will be called upon to compile floating-point algorithms from time to time; and virtually every operating system must respond to floating-point exceptions such as overflow. This paper presents a tutorial on those aspects of floating-point that have a direct impact on designers of computer systems. It begins with background on floating-point representation and rounding error, continues with a discussion of the IEEE floating-point standard, and concludes with numerous examples of how computer builders can better support floating-point.
Differences in change of post‐operative antioxidant levels between laser‐assisted lenticule extraction and femtosecond laser in situ keratomileusis

Abstract To evaluate the change of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and ascorbic acid (AA) between femtosecond laser in situ keratomileusis (FS‐LASIK) and laser‐assisted lenticule extraction (LALEX). A prospective non‐randomized study was conducted, and 33 and 75 eyes that had undergone FS‐LASIK or LALEX surgeries were enrolled, respectively. The tear films near corneal incisions were collected, and the concentrations of TAC and AA were determined. The generalized linear mixed model was adopted to calculate the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) of TAC and AA between the two groups. The AA reduction was significant 1 month after the LALEX and FS‐LASIK procedures (both p < 0.05), and the decrement in AA level was significantly larger in the FS‐LASIK group compared to the LALEX group (p = 0.0002). In the subgroup analysis, the LALEX group demonstrated a lower decrement in TAC level in the individuals with dry eye disease (DED) than the FS‐LASIK group (p = 0.0424), and the LALEX group demonstrated a significantly lower AA decrement in the participants with high myopia (p = 0.0165) and DED (p = 0.0043). The LALEX surgery causes lesser AA decrement compared to FS‐LASIK surgery especially for the patients with DED.
Aliso: a Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Wood, Bark, and Pith Anatomy of Old World Species of Ephedra and Summary for the Genus Wood, Bark, and Pith Anatomy of Old World Species of Ephedra and Summary for the Genus

Quantitative and qualitative data are presented for wood anatomy of 35 collections representing 22 Old World species of Ephedra; the survey of bark and pith anatomy is based on some of these species. Character-state ranges similar to those of the New World species are reported, although more numerous species show vessel absence in latewood. Little diminution in vessel diameter or density occurs in latewood of the eight species that are scandant or sprawling. Helical thickenings or sculpture occur in vessels of about a third of the Old World species, but these thickenings are clearly related to pits, often not very prominent, and rarely present in tracheids (alternative expressions characterize helical thickenings in the New World species). Helical thickenings are statistically correlated to xe-romorphic wood features such as narrower vessels and fewer vessels per mm 2 of transection. Paucity of vessels is an indicator ofxeromorphy (rather than abundance, as in dicotyledons) because tracheids, which have optimal conductive safety, are present instead of vessels. Near vessellessness is reported for E. distachya var. monostachya, E. gerardiana, and E. monosperma. A high degree of wood xeromorphy characterizes species of the highlands of Central Asia and the Middle East, where extremes of drought and cold prevail. A close approach to storied structure is reported in three species. Pro-cumbent ray cells, absent at first, are produced as stems increase in diameter. Vessel element length also increases with stem size, and is not a phyletic indicator. Minute calcium oxalate crystals cover the outside of wood and bark cells, and suggest relationship to Welwitschia and perhaps conifers. A review of New World as well as Old World species reveals few species criteria, and these are mostly difficult to quantify. Primitive character states cannot be defined with certainty in the genus. Wood of Ephedra is like that of a vessel-bearing gymnosperm; parallelisms with dicotyledons may be caused by the vessel-bearing habit.
Aliso: a Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Leaf Anatomy of the Goetzeaceae Leaf Anatomy of the Goetzeaceae

ABSTRAcr A comparative study of the leaf anatomy ofthree species of three genera of Goetzeaceae (Henoonia, Goetzea, and Espadaea) revealed a number of characteristics common to all genera, viz. anomocytic stomata, sinuous anticlinal epidermal walls, both glandular and uniseriate nonglandular trichomes, crystal sand and druses in the mesophyll (often in the same cell), and intraxylary phloem. The mid veins of these species exhibit secondary growth and parenchymatous rays. The unifying anatomical features of this family are, however, not uncommon in the Solanaceae. The results of this study support placement of the Goetzeaceae in or very near Solanaceae. The ecology of the species studied is reflected in the anatomy of the leaves. The leaves of Henoonia exhibit a number ofxeromorphic features; the leaves of Goetzea are mesomorphic; while those of Espadaea are intermediate.
Aliso: a Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Wood Anatomy and Relationships of Montinia Wood Anatomy and Relationships of Montinia

Quantitative and qualitative data are presented on wood anatomy of root, basal stem, and upper stem of Montinia caryophyllacea. Anatomy of twig wood of Kaliphora madagascariensis is compared with these results, as is the data of Ramamonjiarisoa (1980) on wood of the genus Grevea. Features common to the three genera in wood as well as other portions of the plant are reviewed; these are consistent with the interpretation that Montinia and Kaliphora are very close to each other, despite previous positions of the two genera in Saxifragaceae and Comaceae, respectively. Grevea, although more distant from Montinia than is Ka/iphora, can be included in a trigeneric family, Montiniaceae. The ordinal position of Montinia is reviewed in terms of Rosales (Saxifragales) and Myrtales. Resemblances between Montiniaceae and rosalean families are fewer than resemblances between Montini-aceae and myrtalean families. Montiniaceae have (in part) storied wood structure, a feature not found in Rosales or Myrtales sensu stricto. However, storied structure does occur in Thymeleaceae, which have sometimes been placed in or near Myrtales. Both Montiniaceae and Thymeleaceae might be regarded as outliers ofMyrtales, closer to that order than to others. The presence ofiridoid compounds in Montinia complicates the task of placement.
A Practical Implementation of Spread FBMC in a Multitone Jamming Scenario Using USRP Radios

This paper presents a practical evaluation of the reliability of spread Filter Bank Multicarrier (FBMC) transmission under the influence of jamming. By using the Universal Serial Radio Peripheral (USRP) radios, it is proven that spreading enhances the performance of FBMC when Multitone Jamming (MTJ) is used to attack the transmission. Moreover, when the received power level is low, it is shown that spreading is useful to overcome the high Error Vector Magnitude (EVM) which is caused by the In phase/Quadrature (I/Q) demodulator at the receiver.
Jurassic Orogeny in the Klamath Mountains: A Geochronological Analysis

The Jurassic growth of Klamath continental crust from oceanic materials has conventionally been considered the result of two discrete orogenies, the "Siskiyou" and "Nevadan". Geochronologic data are now numerous enough to begin to recognize that the metamorphic and deformational episodes are instead a broad continuum of events whose characteristics varied in place and time and were closely linked with areas of active magmatism. Magmatism was widespread at ~200 Ma, and by -170 Ma, led to the construction of two enormous volcanoplutonic arcs, the Western Hayfork and North Fork-Salmon River. Northwest-southeast extension in the northern Klamaths from 167-155 Ma was coincident with the crystallization of voluminous plutonic and volcanic rocks of the Wooley Creek and Western Klamath suites. Sudden cooling of a large region of the central Klamath Mountains to ~300°C at -150 Ma may have occurred as the magmatic belt was extinguished by subduction of colder material at deeper structural levels.
Differentiating Services for Sensor Internetworking

—We propose NCQ (Non-Congestive Queuing) as a scheduling discipline that allows for efficient interoperation of sensor networks with the Internet. NCQ promotes conditionally small data packets, which require comparatively minor service times, as long as their total service times cause insignificant delays to other packets in the queue. Therefore, NCQ introduces a new service philosophy, which prioritizes packets, and in turn corresponding flows, according to their impact on total delay. In this context, we also introduce a corresponding index to measure fairness as a function of the deviation of expected and received delay.
Contribution of urban vegetable gardens to health

Summary The inclusion of urban agriculture in cities is present ed as a potential tool to for the promotion of healthy and sustainable urban environments which can be es pecially beneficial for vulnerable groups. The aim of this study is to analyze the health effects experienced by people over 65 years engaged in a network of gardens already established in Barcelona. An exploratory descriptive design was conducted, by semi-structured interviews with six gardeners from Bar celona to discuss their perceptions regarding how their participation in the urban gardens influenced their health. Gardeners said they had perceived an increase in physical activity, quality (but not quantity) of the vege tables they consume and in social relationships, and be nefits to their psychological well-being. The inclusion of vegetable gardens in cities seems to provide numerous benefits, such us promoting healthy environments and lifestyles and increasing urban sus tainability, so it is proposed as a possible strategy to ad dress multiple problems in a cross-cutting manner.
WELDING RESEARCH

The effect of surface oxide layers on the diffusion welding of metals is considered in terms of the stability of the oxide phase. For oxides that do not evaporate or dissociate to gaseous products at the welding temperature, an analytical method is presented through which calculations of the times necessary for oxygen dissolution are possible for plane (sheet), cylinder, and sphere geometries. The dependence of the dissolution time on oxide thickness and temperature is calculated for selected metals.
Synthesis – Bioenergy, sustainability and trade-offs: Can we avoid deforestation while promoting biofuels?

The World Exhibition held in Paris in 1900 demonstrated Rudolph Diesel's eponymous engine running on groundnut oil. Vegetable oils were used in diesel engines for the next 20 years before being replaced by cheaper fossil-fuel-derived alternatives (Smith and Searchinger 2012). Fluctuating oil prices, growing concerns about climate change and potential contributions to rural development have resulted in a more recent and growing interest in expanding the production and use of first-generation (1G) liquid biofuels from crops such as oil palm, sugar cane, soy and jatropha. Several countries have now established targets for biofuels as part of broader efforts to promote the production and use of renewable energy sources. The European Union's Renewable Energy Directive (EU RED), adopted in 2009, mandates each member state to ensure that at least 10% of fuel consumed in the transport sector is derived from renewable sources— including biofuels—by 2020 (see http://ec.europa.eu/energy/ renewables/index_en.htm). The demand for land to expand the production of biofuel feedstocks grew throughout the period 2000 -2010. However, there were large variations by region and type of feedstock. Global production and trade in biofuels is currently dominated by Brazil, Argentina, USA and the European Union (Figure 1). Only 9% of vegetable oils produced globally are used to make biofuels (May-Tobin et al. 2012). An estimated 16% of biofuels produced in tropical regions were exported in 2009. However, in the same year, only 5% of oil palm production was used as feedstock for biofuels. Similarly, soy is grown predominantly for animal feed, with less than 15% by weight used in biofuel
Surface properties and clay mineralogy of hydrated halloysitic soil clays. I: Existence of interlayer K+ specific sites

Abstract Six deferrated clay (<2 µm) samples from the major B horizons of pedons derived from basaltic pyroclasts (Western Cameroon) were selected. These soil clays, which differ mainly in their contents of halloysite and kaolinite, represent the types of secondary constituents characteristic of different weathering stages in soils derived from such volcanic materials under humid tropical conditions. On these clays, Ca2+-K+ exchange equilibria were performed at pH 6 and 0·01 n chloride concentration. The amounts of K+ specific sites were estimated through a two-site modelling of the exchange isotherm curves. The total and external surface areas of the clays were measured by EGME retention and by the BET treatment of the N2 adsorption isotherm, respectively. Relative halloysite content was found to be directly related to all measured surface charge properties, i.e. CEC, amount of K+ specific sites, and total and internal surface areas. It was also observed that thermal collapse of halloysitic layers reduced both the CEC and the amount of K+ specific sites. All the surface properties observed point to the presence of smectite units intimately associated with halloysite in these clays. The results further suggest that the layer charge of these smectite units differs in different samples.
Revisiting the Hydrologic Divide between the San Antonio and Barton Springs Segments of the Edwards Aquifer: Insights from Recent Studies

Groundwater divides delineate the boundaries of aquifer systems and influence not only the local aquifer hydrodynamics but also the groundwater budget. The groundwater divide separating the San Antonio and Barton Springs segments of the Edwards Aquifer in Texas has historically been drawn along topographic or surface water divides between the Blanco River and Onion Creek in the recharge zone, and along potentiometric highs in the confined zone between the cities of Kyle and Buda in Hays County. The purpose of this study is to review the results of previous studies about the groundwater divide and to evaluate recently collected data that pertain to the groundwater divide. Studies have been conducted over the past five years using detailed potentiometric data, tracing techniques, and groundwater flow modeling to better characterize the Edwards Aquifer and to understand the relationship between the Barton Springs segment and the portion of the San Antonio segment north of San Marcos Springs. These studies reveal that during wet conditions the groundwater divide is located generally along Onion Creek in the recharge zone, extending easterly along a potentiometric ridge between the cities of Kyle and Buda toward the saline zone boundary. During dry conditions the hydrologic divide moves south and is located along the Blanco River in the recharge zone, extending southeasterly to San Marcos Springs. The groundwater divide is a hydrodynamic feature dependent upon the hydrologic conditions (wet versus dry) and the resulting hydraulic heads between Onion Creek and the Blanco River. The major influences on the position of the divides are groundwater mounds beneath the Blanco River and Onion Creek as the amount of recharge changes between wet and dry periods. During wet periods more water is recharged along Onion Creek because it has a greater potential for recharge through numerous recharge features. During dry periods, the Blanco River continues to flow and recharge the aquifer long after flow has ceased in Onion Creek and the Onion Creek mound has subsided. Under extreme drought conditions, some groundwater bypasses San Marcos Springs and flows toward Barton Springs.