Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fast Precise Positioning of Circular Mark in PCB Inspection

The captured circular Marks are deformed sometimes during the inspection of defects on the HDI PCB,which may affect the precision of inspection.A new accurate positioning algorithm of circular Mark is proposed by obtaining the center of the most round ellipse.The colorful image of Mark is converted into gray image.The Mark region and its background are separated by using Otus threshold segment technology.The edge points(the outline of image) are obtained by binary images.The outside rectangle of ellipse are obtained by fitting the outlines of the image.The most round ellipse can be confirmed according to the criterion that the ratio of the difference between the length and width of rectangle and the width of the rectangle is less than 0.1. The center of the most round ellipse is output which is the Mark center.Simulation tests show that this algorithm has good characteristics such as speediness,strong anti-interference ability and robustness.
Congenital insensitivity to pain - A rare case report

Congenital insensitivity to pain is defined as persistent occurrences of infections and inexplicable fever, anhidrosis (inability to sweat), and lack of response to deleterious stimuli, self-mutilating performance, mental abnormalities, and injuries to oral cavity. This syndrome can be diagnosed by clinical features, and genetic test is considered as a diagnostic tool. The diagnosis of this syndrome should be done earlier to provide greater lifespan to the patient, thus preventing ejections. In the present case, 3-year-old boy came to our department with the chief complaint of shaking upper front teeth for 1 day and his parents gave a history of congenitally absence of pain and temperature sensations since birth.
MOTION AND TRANSFER OF THERMAL MASS——THERMAL MASS AND THERMON GAS

Based on the Einstein's special theory of relativity the concept of thermal mass was setup that is the equivalent mass of thermal energy. A model of thermon gas was established that consists of a large number of random moving thermons. The pressure and the state equation of thermon gas were derived in terms of the kinetic-molecular model. It is just the gradient of the thermal mass pressure (thermon gas pressure) that makes motion of heat (thermal mass).
Intensifiers of adjectives in German

Work on grammaticalization that has bee carried out in the course of the last decades has shown that there are some domains of grammatical structure that are more conservative while others are more innovative. The present paper deals with one domain that appears to belong to the most innovative parts of grammar, namely that of adjectival intensifiers. Looking in more detail into the nature and the use of such intensifiers in one particular language, which is German, the paper aims to show that intensifiers in particular and hyperbolic language in general are a culture-dependent phenomenon, and that their study can offer new insights into the mechanism underlying the nature of grammatical change.
A Fuzzy Twin Support Vector Machine Algorithm

Although twin support vector machine (TSVM) has faster speed than traditional support vector machine for classification problem, it does not take into account the importance of the training samples on the learning of the decision hyper-plane with respect to the classification task. In this paper, fuzzy twin support vector machine (FTSVM) is proposed where a fuzzy membership value is assigned to each training sample. Here, training samples are classified by assigning them to the nearest one of two nonparallel planes that are close to their respective classes. Moreover, this method only requires solving a smaller size SVM-type problem as compared to SVMs where the classifier is obtained by solving a quadratic programming problem. Experiments on several UCI benchmark datasets show that FTSVM is effective and feasible compared with twin support vector machine(TSVM), fuzzy support vector machine(FSVM) and support vector machine(SVM).
Predicting academic success for students of color within STEM majors

Purpose The aim of this study is to determine what pre-college characteristics predict college success for students of color enrolled within science, technology, engineering and mathematics programs, as measured by cumulative grade point average (GPA) after three years of initial enrollment. Design/methodology/approach To increase the generalizability by avoiding a single-year focus, the sample includes 954 first-year students entering one predominantly White research university during Fall 2010, Fall 2011 and Fall 2012 (Allen and Bir, 2011); GPAs were collected following three years of initial enrollment. IBM statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) Statistics 22 was utilized to conduct correlation and multiple linear regression analyses. Findings Within all conditional models, after controlling for multiple variables, the number of advanced placement (AP) credits, standardized test scores and specific type of high school GPA were significantly related to cumulative college GPA after three years of enrollment. However, when multiple forms of high school GPA were included within a full model, only the number of AP credits and standardized test scores remained statistically related to cumulative college GPA. Further, high school core GPA is more strongly correlated with cumulative college GPA after three years of enrollment than overall high school GPA, high school science GPA and high school mathematics GPA. Originality/value This study adds to prior research by identifying that high school core GPA is an important predictor of college success and that the cumulative effect of enrollment within AP credits may be more beneficial than the cumulative effect of involvement within dual enrollment courses.
Range-dependent propagation modeling of infrasound in complex atmospheres

The long-range propagation of infrasounds in 2D non-homogeneous atmospheres is studied in this paper. The problem is modeled by a wave equation in cylindrical coordinates which is solved by using a finite element method. Using that technique, we investigate the infrasound signal recorded in Japan after the explosion of the first reactor of the Fukushima power plant. Topography effects are studied and shown to affect the tropospheric phase. Furthermore, we show how small-scale and localized atmospheric perturbations may lead to the emergence of a stratospheric phase.
Clinical characteristics, complications, and predictive model of histological chorioamnionitis in women with preterm premature rupture of membranes

We aimed to analyze the impact of histological chorioamnionitis (HCA) in the presence of preterm premature rupture of the membranes (PPROM) on obstetric and neonatal outcomes, and its possible predictability. A retrospective cohort analysis of PPROM cases (20–37 weeks) was conducted comparing the patients with and without HCA, seeking a predictive model of HCA using logistic regression. A total of 295 cases of PPROM were selected, of which 72 (24.4%) had HCA. The group with HCA had a shorter latency period and a greater number of clinical and laboratory criteria in the evolution. The group with HCA had a worse comparative result and presented: lower gestational age at delivery, lower average birth weight, lower Apgar scores, longer neonatal hospitalization, worse maternal clinical conditions and, higher rates of stillbirth, low birth weight (LBW), very low birth weight (VLBW), complications in pregnancy and childbirth, and cesarean delivery due to fetal distress or chorioamnionitis. A predictive model for HCA was developed, with the following independent variables: abdominal pain (odds ratio [OR] = 11.61), uterine activity (noticeable contractions on physical exam) (OR = 5.97), fever (OR = 5.77), latency > 3 days (OR = 2.13), and C-reactive protein (OR = 1.01). With this model, an adequate receiver operating characteristic curve was found, with an area under the curve of 0.726, and some HCA probability curves were constructed for different clinical situations. In this novel study, we present a non-invasive predictive model, with clinical and laboratory variables, which may help in decision-making in a patient with PPROM.
A Convex and Exact Approach to Discrete Constrained TV-L1 Image Approximation

We study the TV-L1 image approximation model from primal and dual perspective, based on a proposed equivalent convex formulations. More specifically, we apply a convex TV-L1 based approach to globally solve the discrete constrained optimization problem of image approximation, where the unknown image function u( x ) ∈ { f 1 ,…, f n }, ∀ x ∈ Ω. We show that the TV-L1 formulation does provide an exact convex relaxation model to the non-convex optimization problem considered. This result greatly extends recent studies of Chan et al., from the simplest binary constrained case to the general gray-value constrained case, through the proposed rounding scheme. In addition, we construct a fast multiplier-based algorithm based on the proposed primal-dual model, which properly avoids variability of the concerning TV-L1 energy function. Numerical experiments validate the theoretical results and show that the proposed algorithm is reliable and effective.
Real-life effectiveness and safety of dupilumab in adolescents with atopic dermatitis: a 52-week single-center retrospective study

Dupilumab is a monoclonal antibody that selectively targets the alpha subunit of the interleukin-4-Receptor and it is approved for the treatment of atopic dermatitis in adults, children and adolescents. Real life data on effectiveness and safety of dupilumab in adolescents are limited.In this study, 30 patients who started dupilumab between the ages of 12 and 18 were evaluated. All patients completed at least 16 weeks of therapy, with 25 reaching week 52. In our experience, the mean Eczema Area and Severity Index decreased from 23.25 ± 4.15 at baseline to 2.06 ± 1.99 at week 52.
Identification of key genes and potential mechanisms based on the autophagy regulatory network in intervertebral disc degeneration

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a common musculoskeletal disease that develops with increasing age. However, the exact occurrence and progression of IDD remains unclear. Gene expression profiles were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) repository. The NCBI GEO2R analysis tool was used to identify differentially expressed genes. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was predicted using the STRING website and visualized using the Cytoscape software. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses were performed to enrich GO terms and signaling pathways using the Metascape database. To identify potential upstream miRNA targets of these differentially expressed genes, the mRNA-miRNA interaction networks were predicted by Network Analyst database. To identify the 2 key genes with significant differences among the 10 hub genes, the GraphPad Prism Tool and GeneCards database were used for analysis. 22 genes were identified. A PPI network was constructed and the other 30 related genes were deduced. GO and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment networks indicated extracellular matrix organization, collagen-containing extracellular matrix and extracellular matrix structural constituent in extracellular matrix (ECM) regulation in IDD. The mRNA-miRNA interaction networks suggested that many miRNAs could regulate autophagy-related genes individually and collectively. The GraphPad Prism Tool and GeneCards database analysis results suggested that 2 hub genes were involved in IDD. Our results revealed that the role of ECM could be a regulatory mechanism in IDD and that these ECM-related genes might be targets for the intervention of IDD.
Provisional practice recommendation for the management of myopathy in VCP‐associated multisystem proteinopathy

Valosin‐containing protein (VCP)‐associated multisystem proteinopathy (MSP) is a rare genetic disorder with abnormalities in the autophagy pathway leading to various combinations of myopathy, bone diseases, and neurodegeneration. Ninety percent of patients with VCP‐associated MSP have myopathy, but there is no consensus‐based guideline. The goal of this working group was to develop a best practice set of provisional recommendations for VCP myopathy which can be easily implemented across the globe. As an initiative by Cure VCP Disease Inc., a patient advocacy organization, an online survey was initially conducted to identify the practice gaps in VCP myopathy. All prior published literature on VCP myopathy was reviewed to better understand the different aspects of management of VCP myopathy, and several working group sessions were conducted involving international experts to develop this provisional recommendation. VCP myopathy has a heterogeneous clinical phenotype and should be considered in patients with limb‐girdle muscular dystrophy phenotype, or any myopathy with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. Genetic testing is the only definitive way to diagnose VCP myopathy, and single‐variant testing in the case of a known familial VCP variant, or multi‐gene panel sequencing in undifferentiated cases can be considered. Muscle biopsy is important in cases of diagnostic uncertainty or lack of a definitive pathogenic genetic variant since rimmed vacuoles (present in ~40% cases) are considered a hallmark of VCP myopathy. Electrodiagnostic studies and magnetic resonance imaging can also help rule out disease mimics. Standardized management of VCP myopathy will optimize patient care and help future research initiatives.
Survival outcomes in older patients with different stages of acute kidney injury defined by the addition of urine output criteria

Department of Nephrology, The Second Medical Centre & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; Department of Nephrology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; Department of Nephrology, The Second Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.
Factors Associated With Depression and Anxiety for Community-Dwelling Patients With Heart Failure

Background Depression and anxiety are common comorbidities in heart failure (HF) and are associated with adverse outcomes including unplanned hospitalization. However, there is insufficient evidence on the factors associated with depression and anxiety for community patients with HF to inform optimal assessment and treatment in this population. Aim The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of and factors associated with depression and anxiety in community-dwelling patients with HF. Methods A retrospective cohort study of 302 adult patients given a diagnosis of HF referred to United Kingdom's largest specialist cardiac rehabilitation center, from June 2013 to November 2020. Main study outcomes were symptoms of depression using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and anxiety using the General Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale. Explanatory variables included demographic and clinical characteristics and functional status from the Dartmouth COOP questionnaire: quality of life, pain, level of social activity and daily activities, and being bothered by emotional problems (feelings). Logistic regressions were performed to evaluate the association between demographic and clinical characteristics and depression and anxiety. Results Of the sample, 26.2% reported depression and 20.2% had anxiety. Higher depression and anxiety were associated with difficulty in performing daily activities (95% confidence interval, 1.11–6.46 and 1.13–8.09, respectively) and being bothered by feelings (95% confidence interval, 4.06–21.77 and 4.25–22.46, respectively). Depression was associated with limitations in social activity (95% confidence interval, 1.06–6.34) and anxiety with distressing pain (95% confidence interval, 1.38–7.23). Conclusion Findings indicate the importance of psychosocial interventions for patients with HF to minimize and manage depression and anxiety. Patients with HF may benefit from interventions targeted to maintain independence, promote participation in social activities, and optimally manage pain.
Cyanoseq: A database of cyanobacterial 16S rRNA gene sequences with curated taxonomy

Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic bacteria that occupy various habitats across the globe, playing critical roles in many of Earth's biogeochemical cycles both in both aquatic and terrestrial systems. Despite their well‐known significance, their taxonomy remains problematic and is the subject of much research. Taxonomic issues of Cyanobacteria have consequently led to inaccurate curation within known reference databases, ultimately leading to problematic taxonomic assignment during diversity studies. Recent advances in sequencing technologies have increased our ability to characterize and understand microbial communities, leading to the generation of thousands of sequences that require taxonomic assignment. We herein propose CyanoSeq (https://zenodo.org/record/7569105), a database of cyanobacterial 16S rRNA gene sequences with curated taxonomy. The taxonomy of CyanoSeq is based on the current state of cyanobacterial taxonomy, with ranks from the domain to genus level. Files are provided for use with common naive Bayes taxonomic classifiers, such as those included in DADA2 or the QIIME2 platform. Additionally, FASTA files are provided for creation of de novo phylogenetic trees with (near) full‐length 16S rRNA gene sequences to determine the phylogenetic relationship of cyanobacterial strains and/or ASV/OTUs. The database currently consists of 5410 cyanobacterial 16S rRNA gene sequences along with 123 Chloroplast, Bacterial, and Vampirovibrionia (formally Melainabacteria) sequences.
The effect of radiation-induced traps on the WFIRST coronagraph detectors

The WFIRST Coronagraph will be the most sensitive instrument ever built for direct imaging and characterization of extra-solar planets. With a design contrast expected to be better than 1e-9 after post processing, this instrument will directly image gas giants as far in as Jupiter's orbit. Direct imaging places high demand on optical detectors, not only in noise performance, but also in the need to be resistant to traps. Since the typical scene flux is measured in millielectrons per second, the signal collected in each practicable frame will be at most a few electrons. At such extremely small signal levels, traps and their effects on the image become extremely important. To investigate their impact on the WFIRST coronagraph mission science yield, we have constructed a detailed model of the coronagraph sensor performance in the presence of traps. Built in Matlab, this model incorporates the expected and measured trap capture and emission times and cross-sections, as well as occurrence densities after exposure to irradiation in the WFIRST space environment. The model also includes the detector architecture and operation as applicable to trapping phenomena. We describe the model, the results, and implications on sensing performance.
The use of in silico extreme pathway (ExPa) analysis to identify conserved reproductive transcriptional-regulatory networks in humans, mice, and zebrafish

Abstract Vertebrate sex determination and differentiation are coordinated by the activations and maintenance of reproductive transcriptional-regulatory networks (TRNs). There is considerable interest in studying the conserved design principles and functions of reproductive TRNs given that their intricate regulation is susceptible to disruption by gene mutations or exposures to exogenous endocrine disrupting chemicals (or EDCs). In this manuscript, the Boolean rules describing reproductive TRNs in humans, mice, and zebrafish, were represented as a pseudo-stoichiometric matrix model. This model mathematically described the interactions of 35 transcription factors with 21 sex determination and differentiation genes across the three species. The in silico approach of Extreme Pathway (ExPa) analysis was used to predict the extent of TRN gene activations subject to the species-specific transcriptomics data, from across various developmental life-stages. A goal of this work was to identify conserved and functional reproductive TRNs across the three species. ExPa analyses predicted the sex differentiation genes, DHH, DMRT1, and AR, to be highly active in male humans, mice, and zebrafish. Whereas FOXL2 was the most active gene in female humans and mice; and CYP19A1A in female zebrafish. These results agree with the expectation that regardless of a lack of sex determination genes in zebrafish, the TRNs responsible for canalizing male vs. female sexual differentiation are conserved with mammalian taxa. ExPa analysis therefore provides a framework with which to study the TRNs that influence the development of sexual phenotypes. And the in silico predicted conservation of sex differentiation TRNs between mammals and zebrafish identifies the piscine species as an effective in vivo model to study mammalian reproductive systems under normal or perturbed pathologies.
Yield of Staging Laparoscopy for Pancreatic Cancer in the Modern Era: Analysis of More than 1,000 Consecutive Patients

BACKGROUND: Accurate staging prior to resection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is imperative to avoid unnecessary operative morbidity and oncologic futility in patients with occult intra-abdominal distant metastases. We aimed to determine the diagnostic yield of staging laparoscopy (SL) and to identify factors associated with increased risk of positive laparoscopy (PL) in the modern era. STUDY DESIGN: Patients with radiographically localized PDAC who underwent SL from 2017 to 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. The yield of SL was defined as the proportion of patients with PL, including gross metastases and/or positive peritoneal cytology. Factors associated with PL were assessed using univariate analysis and multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS: Of 1,004 patients who underwent SL, 180 (18%) had PL due to gross metastases (n = 140) and/or positive cytology (n = 96). Patients who had neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to laparoscopy had lower rates of PL (14% vs 22%, p = 0.002). When the analysis was restricted to chemo-naive patients who had concurrent peritoneal lavage performed, 95 of 419 patients (23%) had PL. In multivariable analysis, PL was associated with younger (<60) age, indeterminate extrapancreatic lesions on preoperative imaging, body/tail tumor location, larger tumor size, and elevated serum CA 19-9 (all p < 0.05). Among patients with no indeterminate extrapancreatic lesions on preoperative imaging, the rate of PL ranged from 1.6% in patients with no risk factors to 42% in young patients with large body/tail tumors and elevated serum CA 19-9. CONCLUSIONS: The rate of PL in patients with PDAC remains high in the modern era. SL with peritoneal lavage should be considered for the majority of patients prior to resection, specifically those with high-risk features, and ideally prior to neoadjuvant chemotherapy.