Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bisphenol a Hormonal Disrupture and Preventive Effect of Rose Water and Clove Oil

Bisphenol A (BPA) which considered synthetic estrogen that is an essential component of many plastic industries. This research was done to see the impacts of exposure of BPA on reproductive organs and hormonal levels in male and female albino Sprague-Dawley rats. The protective effect of rose water and clove oil on BPA was investigated. Ninety rats were divided into 18 groups, 9 groups of males and they are like for females. Rats were exposed to different oral gavage route 3 times a week by doses of BPA (20 µg, 20 mg, 200 mg) /kg b.wt for 6 weeks and BPA was solubilized in corn oil. BPA induced a significant decrease in total and free testosterone in male rats, in contrast to a significant increase in thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), progesterone, estrogen (E2), and prolactin (PRL), while a decrease in Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) compared to control groups. Histopathological examination revealed that rosewater and clove oil reduced testes and ovary damages induced by BPA. Rosewater and clove oil components were scanned using GC/MS, which showed that rosewater and clove oil contains phenols, flavonoids, and these inevitably confirm that a prominent role in preventing the damage during treatment. Results indicated that the used doses of BPA disrupted the sex hormone levels in both male and female rats caused reproductive impaired. The chemical and histopathological analysis results indicated that clove oil and rose water improved the adverse effect of BPA. Rosewater and clove oil improved the changes which were stimulated by BPA.
System 6 used to make kitchen cabinet C2F blanks from small-diameter, low-grade red oak

Hardwood dimension manufacturers can make profitable use of plentiful small-diameter, low-grade timber when System 6 technology is used. We describe a System 6 plant designed to make clear-two-face (C2F) blanks for the kitchen cabinet industry. Data for plant operation are taken from a study in which red oak bolts (from a reforestation clearcut) were used to make 33-, 29-, 25-, 21-, and 15-inch-long standard-size blanks. Sem jointing of short pieces was used to increase the quantity of 25-inch blanks. The economics of two options for plant operation is explained.
Performance issues in mobile wireless networks

The research presented in this thesis deals with the following performance issues in mobile wireless networks: recovery, location management and routing. The mobile wireless environment poses challenging fault-tolerant data management problems due to the mobility of the users, limited bandwidth on the wireless link, and power restrictions on the mobile hosts. Thus, traditional fault-tolerance schemes cannot be directly applied to these systems. To this effect, extensions to existing traditional recovery schemes are presented which suit this environment. Analytical models are built to analyze the performance of these schemes to determine those environments where a particular recovery scheme is best suited. The trade-off parameters to evaluate the recovery scheme are identified. It is determined that in addition to the failure rate of the host, the performance of a recovery scheme depended on the mobility of the hosts and the wireless bandwidth. In order to communicate with a user, one needs to know their location. The network thus faces a problem of continuously keeping track of the location of every user. An important issue in mobile wireless networks is the design and analysis of location management schemes. This thesis presents the design and analysis of centralized and distributed location management schemes. Significant performance improvements are obtained over existing protocols. Dynamic mobile wireless networks consist of mobile hosts which can communicate with each other over the wireless links (direct or indirect) without any static network interaction. In such networks the mobile host has the capability to communicate directly with another mobile host in its vicinity. The mobile hosts also have the capability to forward (relay) packets. The problem in hand is the complexity of updating the routing information in such a dynamic network. The dynamism in the network is due to host mobility, and disconnections. This thesis presents a cluster-based methodology for routing in such dynamic networks. Algorithms for cluster creation and maintenance are presented and analyzed. Compared to existing and conventional routing protocols, the proposed cluster-based approach incurs lower overhead during topology updates and also provides quicker reconvergence.
Interpreting Discordant Monosomy 3 FISH and Chromosomal Microarray Analysis Results in Uveal Melanoma

Uveal melanoma is the most common primary ocular tumor in adults and causes morbidity through lymphovascular metastasis. The presence of monosomy 3 in uveal melanomas is one of the most important prognostic indicators for metastasis. Two major molecular pathology testing modalities used to assess monosomy 3 are fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA). Here, we report two cases of discordant monosomy 3 test results in uveal melanoma enucleation specimens, performed using these molecular pathology tests. The first case is of uveal melanoma from a 51-year-old male that showed no evidence of monosomy 3 when assessed by CMA, but where it was subsequently detected by FISH. The second case is of uveal melanoma from a 49-year-old male that showed monosomy 3 at the limit of detection when assessed by CMA, but where it was not detected by subsequent FISH analysis. These two cases underscore the potential benefits of each testing modality for monosomy 3. Mainly, while CMA may be more sensitive to low levels of monosomy 3, FISH may be best method for small tumors with high levels of adjacent normal ocular tissue. Our cases suggest that both testing methods should be pursued for uveal melanoma, with a single positive result for either test interpreted as indicating the presence of monosomy 3.
Reinventing the PN Junction: Dimensionality Effects on Tunneling Switches

Tunneling based field effect transistors (TFETs) have the potential for very sharp On/Off transitions. This can drastically reduce the power consumption of modern electronics. They can operate by either electrostatically controlling the thickness of the tunneling barrier or by exploiting a sharp step in the density of states for switching. We show that current TFETs rely on controlling the thickness of the tunneling barrier but they do not achieve the desired performance. In order to get better performance we need to also exploit a sharp step in the density of states.In order to have a sharp density of states turn on, a variety of non-idealities need to be accounted for. A number of effects such as thermal vibrations, heavy doping, and trap assisted tunneling are analyzed and engineered.After accounting for the various non-idealities, the ideal density of states will determine the on state characteristics. The nature of the quantum density of states is strongly dependent on dimensionality. Hence we need to specify both the n-side and the p-side dimensionality of pn junctions. For instance, we find that a typical bulk 3d-3d tunneling pn junction has only a quadratic turn-on function, while a pn junction consisting of two overlapping quantum wells (2d-2d) would have the preferred step function response. Quantum confinement on each side of a pn junction has the added benefit of significantly increasing the on-state tunnel conductance at the turn-on threshold. We analytically demonstrate these effects and then give a numerical non-equilibrium greens function (NEGF) model to verify the key results. Finally we introduce some new device designs that will take advantage of the benefits of 2d-2d tunneling.
HPLC-QTOF-MS/MS profiling, antioxidant, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of Pyracantha fortuneana fruit extracts.

This study was carried out to optimize the solvent for extracting the antioxidants and α-glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs) from Pyracantha fortuneana fruit (PFF) and the major chemical components were characterized by HPLC-QTOF-MS/MS. The results showed that 50% and 70% acetone (v/v, ml/ml) gave the best extraction efficiency on phenolics and total flavonoids, while 70% acetone and 50% methanol possess better recovery on protein and polysaccharides, respectively. In addition, the 50% and 70% acetone extracts gave the strongest radical scavenging ability and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (p > 0.05), but the Fe3+ reducing power of the 50% acetone extract was higher than that of 70% acetone. Correlation analysis indicated that phenolic acids and flavonoids were connected to the antioxidant activity and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity closely. Moreover, 25 compounds including 7 flavonoids, 6 phenolic acids, 7 organic acids, 3 tannins, 1 terpene, and 1 alkaloid were identified or tentatively identified in the 50% acetone extract. Overall, 50% acetone can be a proper solvent for extracting antioxidants and AGIs from PFF. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Imbalance between production and clearance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the body could induce various chronic diseases. PFF is an edible fruit beneficial to human health; it is reported to be capable of optimizing blood glucose levels and may prevent premature aging. In the present study, PFF was found to be excellent in antioxidant activities and α-glucosidase inhibitory ability; 50% acetone was found to be the best extraction solvent. In addition, the predominant phytochemical components of the 50% acetone extract were characterized. This study can promote further research of Pyracantha fortuneana in natural functional products, especially in the prevention of type II diabetes and its complication.
NextGen, the Next Generation Air Transportation System: Transforming Air Traffic Control from Ground-Based and Human-Centric to Satellite-Based and Airplane-Centric

The Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen) is a congressionally mandated initiative to modernize the U.S. air traffic control system through satellite-based technologies that can increase the precision of aircraft flight paths, radar displays, and operating times, improving capacity, efficiency, predictability, flexibility, environmental effects, and safety. Several critical milestones have been achieved, but the long time frame for implementation raises challenges.
Calcium Bioavailability from Mineral Waters with Different Mineralization in Comparison to Milk and a Supplement

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of the present study was to compare the bioavailability of calcium from 3 mineral waters with different concentrations of minerals with that of milk and a calcium supplement. Methods: A single-center, randomized controlled trial with a crossover design with 21 healthy men and women was conducted at the Institute of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Leibniz University Hannover. The participants consumed the 5 test products providing 300 mg of calcium each on 5 examination days with 1-week wash-out phases in between. Primary outcome variables were the area under the curve of serum calcium levels for 10-hour (AUC0–10h) and 24-hour urinary calcium excretion. Results: In all groups, no significant differences in the AUC0-10h of serum calcium levels as well as in the 24-hour urinary calcium excretion were observed. Likewise, mean changes in serum phosphate and urinary phosphate, as well as serum parathormone, showed no differences between the groups. Conclusion: Given an equivalent bioavailability of calcium in all test products, neither a high concentration of SO42− or of HCO3 influenced the bioavailability of calcium. Accordingly, the use of mineral water with high concentrations of calcium constitutes a calorie-free calcium source that can improve calcium supply.
Sorption of metal ions to wood, pulp and bark materials

Ett huvudmal med denna avhandling var att erhalla ny information om vaxelverkan mellan metalljoner i vattenfas och trabaserade material sasom olika pappersmassor, ved och bark. Material av gran, tall och bjork har studerats. En ny kanslig kolonnkromatografisk metod utvecklades for bestamning av affinitetsordningar for 17 olika metalljoner. Av dessa bands trevart jarn och de mycket toxiska tungmetallerna bly, koppar och kadmium starkast till de studerade materialen. Vaxelverkan i dessa tvafas system sker som jonbyte, huvudsakligen via komplexbildning av metalljoner till funktionella grupper i den fasta fasen. Vattenfasens pH ar den viktigaste parametern som bestammer totala halten av metalljoner som binds till materialen. Resultatet i denna avhandling kan delvis betraktas som grundforskning. En ny kunskap om metalljoners forekomst och kemiska reaktioner i dessa system ar aven av stor ekonomisk och ekologisk, betydelse, nar man stravar till allt mera slutna system i moderna massafabriker. Avhandlingen visar ocksa att tradbark har stor potential for biosorption av tungmetaller t.ex. fran avfallsvatten. Tradbark har nastan lika stor bindningskapacitet som dyra syntetiska jonbytare.
Mental Health First Aid Training for Health Care Workers in the Primary Health Care Center in Surabaya

The limitation of number of mental health professionals practicing at the primary health care center requires health care workers to be able to identify and intervene early in cases of mental disorders. Therefore, mental health first aid training for health care workers is needed. This research aims to examine the effectiveness of mental health first aid training to improve mental health literacy of the health care workers in the primary health care center. This was a simple randomized design with one group. The intervention was mental health first aid training which includes six sessions, namely mental health, mental health first aid, depression, anxiety, psychotics, and action plan. The training was attended by 58 health care workers and 1 staff from the Health Office of Surabaya. The instruments used were Mental Illness: Clinicians' Attitude Scale (MICA-4) to measure attitudes towards people with mental disorders and true-false questions to measure knowledge about mental health. The result of data analysis with paired-samples t-test showed that the mental health first aid training was effective in increasing the mental health literacy of health workers. Participants showed a significant increase in understanding of mental health (t = 3.575; p = 0.000). However, the limited opportunities for practice and direct interaction with mental patients affects the insignificant impact of training on changing attitudes towards people with mental disorders (t = -0.371; p = 0.753). Finally, this study recommends training methods that involve more practice in the future.
COMPASSION CHARACTER IN MULTITHEORY PERSPECTIVE

This study aims to describe the concept of compassion character which was analyzed based on the perspective theory by Krstin D. Neff, Paul Gilbert, and Elisha Goldstein. This analysis was intended to produce a synthesis formula that comprehensively includes definition, essence, aspect, and indicators of compassion character. This study applied for a literature review with a descriptive analysis technique. The function of this analysis result is as the basis for designing instruments to measure the compassion character more comprehensively and following the Indonesian context.
Long-term power system dynamics, Phase III. Volume 2. LOTDYS user's guide. Final report

Work performed to study Long-Term Power System Dynamics is reported. The objectives of the research project were: to extend the work already completed for EPRI by testing the Long Term Dynamic Simulation program, LOTDYS, in the analysis of several power system disturbances; to document LOTDYS for utility use; to examine the sensitivity of long term dynamic analyses to data and model changes; to identify and evaluate alternate measures for improving the capability of power system to withstand cascading failures; to provide guidelines for data for long term dynamics analyses; and to assist the University of Tennessee in developing a pressurized water reactor power plant model. The principal efforts of the project were in the conduct of simulation studies of four power system incidents, chosen to span the range of major system emergency conditions. The Topical reports of these studies are included in Section 2. Generally, it was concluded that long term studies may be usefully made, and that data pose the greatest difficulty in these analyses. Specific conclusions and recommendations regarding data needs, modeling, and conduct of studies are presented. The final report is in two volumes; this volume is the LOTDYS User's Guide, describing the program and its use.
Thinning young timber stands in mountainous terrain

The Forest Engineering Department, Oregon State University, has evaluated several systems for thinning young timber stands on steep terrain. Stands averaged 35 to 40 years old and 25.4 to 35.6 cm (10-14 in.) dbh. Approximately 40 percent of the stems per hectare were removed in the thinning operations. This paper discusses research findings from 1972 to 1979 on felling and bucking as well as yarding. Felling and bucking production increased with thinning intensity. Tractor yarding production decreased with increasing slope percent. Total skyline logging cost ranged from 1.5 to 1.67 times that of tractor logging on slopes up to 40 percent. Prebunching logs to the skyline corridor increased yarding production for the machine on the landing. Using intermediate supports has extended yarding distances on convex slopes for short towers such as the Igland-Jones Trailer Alp.
Plantar pressure sensors indicate females to have a significantly higher peak pressure on the hallux, toes, forefoot, and inside of the foot compared to males

Background: Gender-related differences of plantar pressure distribution during activities should be thoroughly inspected as it can help establish treatment and prevention strategies for foot and ankle problems. In-shoe measurement systems are preferable without space and activity restrictions; however, previously reported systems are still heavy and bulky and induce unnatural movement. Therefore, a slim and light plantar pressure sensor was newly developed to detect the effect of gender difference on plantar pressure during standing and walking.Methods: One-hundred healthy adult volunteers (50 females and 50 males) were recruited. Ten plantar pressure sensors were implanted in a 1-mm thick insole, with a total weight of 29 g. Plantar pressure was recorded with 200 Hz during 3 seconds of standing and while walking 10 steps. The maximum loads during standing and walking were analyzed in each sensor, and the results were compared between different areas of the foot in the antero-posterior direction and the medio-lateral direction and between different time points. The movement of the center of pressure (COP) during walking was also evaluated. Results were compared between genders by converting body weight to 50 kg.Results: The movement of COP was constant for both genders. In all cases, the maximum load was observed on the inside of the foot. Females had a significantly higher peak pressure on the hallux, toes, forefoot, and inside of the foot compared to males while standing and walking (P < .01). Conclusions: A newly introduced in-shoe plantar pressure sensor demonstrated a typical loading transition pattern of the foot. Furthermore, higher plantar pressure in the forefoot was detected in healthy females as compared to males during standing and walking activities.
Observed and Self-reported Hand Hygiene Compliances and Associated Factors among Healthcare Workers at a County Referral Hospital in Kenya

Background: Hand hygiene is effective in preventing and controlling healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs); however, its compliance remains low, and reasons are poorly understood, thus its research and feedback may lead to successful interventions. This study aimed to explore the observed and self-reported hand hygiene compliance and associated factors among healthcare workers (HCWs) in the medical/surgical ward of a county referral hospital. Methods: Cross-sectional study design was used in this study. Direct observation guided by 5 moments for hand hygiene concept was carried to describe compliance, and the questionnaire technique informed by Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) was employed to investigate self-reported compliance, barriers, and facilitators of hand hygiene compliance. This study was done at a county referral hospital in Kenya. The total number of hand hygiene opportunities observed was 347 among 55 HCWs, and 132 HCWs filled the questionnaires. Results: The overall compliance based on direct observation was 23.9%, whereas self-reported compliance was 80.0%. Hand hygiene was significantly associated with indication (p < 0.001), training (p = 0.014), social influences (p = 0.002) and knowledge (p = 0.044). Barriers identified were environmental resources, social influences, beliefs about consequences, memory, attention, and decision processes. Facilitators included knowledge and social/professional role, and identity.Conclusions: Despite the high report rate of hand hygiene compliance, the observed compliance is unacceptably low. Although knowledge, and social/professional role and identity of the HCWs may primarily facilitate hand hygiene compliance, barriers associated with non-compliance such as environmental resources remain significant constraints and should be considered to ensure optimal hand hygiene compliance and quality of patient care. The results also suggest that HCWs education on hand hygiene still needs improvements, particularly on the 5 moments for hand hygiene.
Powerline Communication Hardware

In today’s vehicle industry, the demand of electronics devices that can communicate with each other is increasing. The increasing demand of electronics is due to more and more automatic control systems. This leads to an increase in the amount of information needed to be sent and the speed of the information needs to increase which in turn leads to that the amount of cables must also increase. An increase of cables is undesirable. To show this problem we intend to construct a communications system that sends all it is information on the existing dc-powered distribution grid. With this solution the amount of cables needed, will reduce. Our system will be based on BPSK/QPSK technology and our focus will be on doing as much as possible with only hardware as we will not discuss any software in this project.