Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Study of Couples' Behaviour during the State Regulated COVID-19 Lockdown in a South Asian Country

When assessing the ill-effects this pandemic has brought to humans, one of the most important factors is the psychological influence it has caused on married couples. The study is designed to understand whether they suffer from fears of financial situation/uncertainty and the role of resource availability on the level of adjustment of spouses. The objectives of this study were to identify whether individuals suffer from fears of financial situation and uncertainty, to analyse the level of adjustment of spouses, to investigate the resources available for spouses, and to understand whether resource availability moderates the relationship between individuals' fears on financial situation/uncertainty and the level of adjustment of spouses. An online survey was conducted among a chosen random sample and data were collected from 301 participants who were adults 25 years or older, residing in the Western Province of Sri Lanka. Statistical analysis was performed to identify the moderator effect of resources available for spouses. The results showed that COVID-19 created uncertainty and fear of financial situation among married couples and, it was concluded that cultural beliefs and support extended from their respective families contributed to the adjustment of Sri Lankan spouses, who managed to remain in stable relationships during the global crisis as a result. The study concluded the support extended from the families and cultural beliefs contributed significantly to the adjustment of spouses who managed to stay strong during the global crisis.
Association of Diagnosed Obstructive Sleep Apnea with Hospitalization and Mortality in a Retrospective New York City COVID-19 Surge Cohort with a Risk Prediction Model

COVID-19 infection is more severe in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) with unclear modification by risk factors. Additionally, there is no scoring algorithm for probability of admission. On 8/4/2020 we queried New York City Health and Hospitals system database for patients above 15 years old who tested positive for COVID-19 during the surge. The target was diagnosed OSA. The timeframe was between 3/24/2020 and 6/7/2020 with limited elective hospital admissions. We calculated case-control-matched odds ratios for admission, intubation, and death. Additionally, we introduced a scoring system to predict the probability of admission due to COVID19 infection in the presence of OSA and other comorbidities. Out of 19,593 COVID positive patients 306 (1.6%) had documented OSA. On multivariate analysis, the adjusted odds ratios for patients with OSA were 2.04 (CI 1.32-3.16, p 0.001) for admission, 1.05 (0.73-1.52, p 0.784) for intubation and 1.23 (CI 0.95-1.61, p 0.122) for mortality. After matching and comparing to a randomly selected non-OSA patients, the adjusted odds ratio for the same outcomes were 2.21 (1.41-3.46, p <0.001)-admission, 1.28 (0.83-1.98, p 0.256)-intubation and 1.69 (1.24-2.28, p<0.001)-mortality. Per our developed 11-point scoring algorithm, the risk of admission for these patients is almost 90% when the summation of points is as a low as 4 out of 11. Diagnosis of OSA is associated with hospital admission and mortality in COVID patients. This should be considered during triage and therapy decisions. Presented scoring model for estimated risk of admission could serve as a quantitative tool to estimate risk of admission.
Appearance of Mobility Edge in Self-Dual Quasiperiodic Lattices

Within the framework of the Aubry-Andre model, one kind of self-dual quasiperiodic lattice, it is known that a sharp transition occurs from \emph{all} eigenstates being extended to \emph{all} being localized. The common perception for this type of quasiperiodic lattice is that the self-duality excludes the appearance of the mobility edge separating localized from extended states. In this work, we propose a multi-chromatic quasiperiodic lattice model retaining the self-duality identical to the Aubry-Andre model, and demonstrate numerically the occurrence of the localization-delocalization transition with definite mobility edges. This contrasts with the Aubry-Andre model. As a result, the diffusion of wave packet exhibits a transition from ballistic to diffusive motion, and back to ballistic motion. We point out that experimental realizations of the predicted transition can be accessed with light waves in photonic lattices and matter waves in optical lattices.
Analisis Kemampuan Computational Thinking Dalam Pembuatan Media Pembelajaran Matematika

The purpose of this study was to reveal the implementation of Project Base Learning (PjBL)-based learning and then analyze the Computational Thinking (CT) ability of students of the Mathematics Education Study Program, University of Muhammadiyah Malang through a learning media development project. The approach used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The subjects in this study were students who programmed the Programming Language course in semester 3. The results of the research, the projects carried out in PjBL learning were making learning media using Matlab which included the stages of needs analysis, project planning, scheduling, monitoring, testing results and evaluating carried out. very well and systematically. The media produced by students has met the aspects of fluency in use, accuracy of scripts, and flowchart logic. The student's CT ability is in a good category from the aspect of abstraction, logarithmic thinking, debugging/evaluation, and generalization because it has met the achievement percentage of 82%. In conclusion, the learning media developed based on Project Base Learning (PjBL) has been implemented well, covering aspects of smooth use and effectively increasing the Computational Thinking (CT) ability of students of the Mathematics Education Study Program, University of Muhammadiyah Malang. Keywords: Computational Thinking, Learning Media, Project Base Learning
Revisiting Zeno's paradox: Flying arrows for atom-diatom reactions

The possibility to observe quantum Zeno and anti-Zeno scenarios for atom-diatom reactive collisions is investigated for two diferent processes (F+HD and H+O_2) by means of time-dependent wave packet propagations. A novel approach is proposed in which the survival probabilities investigated are those obtained when the initial state is redefined after time intervals tau at which measurements are performed on the system. The comparison with the actual probability for the unperturbed system reveals the existence of a regime in which the decay from the initial state appears to be inhibited (the quantum Zeno effect) or accelerated (the anti-Zeno effect). In contrast with preceding interpretations, given that the time-evolving wave packet is not affected at any time ("flying arrow"), the present procedure does not require to invoke to counterintuitive hindered evolutions ("stopping arrow") to explain the results. On the contrary the consecutive update of the reference state of the system solves the apparent modern version of Zeno's paradox.
Weak Solution Method of the Non-Perturbative Renormalization Group Equation to Describe Dynamical Chiral Symmetry Breaking and its Application to Beyond the Ladder Analysis in QCD

The method of non-perturbative renormalization group (NPRG) is applied to the analysis of dynamical chiral symmetry breaking (DCSB) in QCD. We show that the DCSB solution of the NPRG flow equation can be obtained without the bosonization. The solution, having the singular point, can be authorized as the weak solution of partial differential equation, and can be easily evaluated using the method of the characteristic curve. Also we show that our non-ladder extended approximation improves almost perfectly the gauge dependence of the chiral condensates.
Ab initio prediction of vacancy properties in concentrated alloys: The case of fcc Cu-Ni

Vacancy properties in concentrated alloys continue to be of great interest because nowadays ab initio supercell simulations reach a scale where even defect properties in disordered alloys appear to be within reach. We show that vacancy properties cannot generally be extracted from supercell total energies in a consistent manner without a statistical model. Essential features of such a model are knowledge of the chemical potential and imposition of invariants. In the present work, we derive the simplest model that satisfies these requirements and we compare it with models in the literature. As illustration we compute ab initio vacancy properties of fcc Cu-Ni alloys as a function of composition and temperature. Ab initio density functional calculations were performed for SQS supercells at various compositions with and without vacancies. Various methods of extracting alloy vacancy properties were examined. A ternary cluster expansion yielded effective cluster interactions (ECIs) for the Cu-Ni-Vac system. Composition and temperature dependent alloy vacancy concentrations were obtained using statistical thermodynamic models with the ab initio ECIs. An Arrhenius analysis showed that the heat of vacancy formation was well represented by a linear function of temperature. The positive slope of the temperature dependence implies a negative configurational entropy contribution to the vacancy formation free energy in the alloy. These findings can be understood by considering local coordination effects.
Optimizing the Efficiency of the PV System using MPPT Technology based on the Modified IC Algorithm

The significant growth in the use of renewable energy, especially solar energy, due to its abundance, low installation and maintenance costs, and the shortage of fossil fuels made it the focus of researchers’ attention to address the main problem it suffers from, which is its low efficiency due to the change in its energy production with changing weather conditions (change in radiation intensity and temperature). MPPT technology is one of the most important technologies used to increase and improve the efficiency of photovoltaic systems by controlling the system to always operate at the maximum power point to extract the maximum energy generated from solar panels in various test conditions. In this paper, the photovoltaic (PV) system is simulated using a MATLAB/Simulink environment where the system consists of a solar panel array and a DC-DC converter with MPPT technology based on two traditional algorithms modified to track the maximum power under different test conditions. We have also employed a modified Perturb and Observes (P&O) algorithm beside a modified Incremental Conductance (IC) algorithm. Through the simulation results, the performance of the two mentioned algorithms was compared in terms of MPP tracking speed and also reducing the amount of fluctuation around it.
Gold Nanorod-Incorporated Halloysite Nanotubes Functionalized with Antibody for Superior Antibacterial Photothermal Treatment

The global spread of antibiotic-resistant strains, and the need to protect the microflora from non-specific antibiotics require more effective and selective alternatives. In this work, we demonstrate for the first time a superior antibacterial photothermal effect of plasmonic gold nanorods (AuNRs) via their incorporation onto natural clay halloysite nanotubes (HNTs), which were functionalized with anti-E. coli antibodies (Ab-HNTs). AuNRs were incorporated onto the Ab-HNTs through a facile freeze–thaw cycle, and antibody integrity following the incorporation was confirmed via infrared spectroscopy and fluorescence immunolabeling. The incorporation efficiency was studied using UV-Vis absorption and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Mixtures of E. coli and AuNR-Ab-HNTs hybrids or free AuNRs were irradiated with an 808 nm laser at 3–4 W cm−2, and the resulting photothermal antibacterial activity was measured via plate count. The irradiated AuNR-Ab-HNTs hybrids exerted an 8-fold higher antibacterial effect compared to free AuNR under 3.5 W cm−2; whereas the latter induced a 6 °C-higher temperature elevation. No significant antibacterial activity was observed for the AuNR-Ab-HNTs hybrid against non-target bacteria species (Serratia marcescens and Staphylococcus epidermidis). These findings are ascribed to the localization of the photothermal ablation due to the binding of the antibody-functionalized clay to its target bacteria, as supported through TEM imaging. In the future, the HNTs-based selective carriers presented herein could be tailored with other antibacterial nanoparticles or against another microorganism via the facile adjustment of the immobilized antibody.
Percolation on interacting networks

Most networks of interest do not live in isolation. Instead they form components of larger systems in which multiple networks with distinct topologies coexist and where elements distributed amongst different networks may interact directly. Here we develop a mathematical framework based on generating functions for analyzing a system of L interacting networks given the connectivity within and between networks. We derive exact expressions for the percolation threshold describing the onset of large-scale connectivity in the system of networks and each network individually. These general expressions apply to networks with arbitrary degree distributions and we explicitly evaluate them for L=2 interacting networks with a few choices of degree distributions. We show that the percolation threshold in an individual network can be significantly lowered once "hidden" connections to other networks are considered. We show applications of the framework to two real-world systems involving communications networks and socio-tecnical congruence in software systems.
ournal of Statistical Mechanics: J Theory and Experiment On sampling and modeling complex systems

The study of complex systems is limited by the fact that only a few variables are accessible for modeling and sampling, which are not necessarily the most relevant ones to explain the system behavior. In addition, empirical data typically undersample the space of possible states. We study a generic framework where a complex system is seen as a system of many interacting degrees of freedom, which are known only in part, that optimize a given function. We show that the underlying distribution with respect to the known variables has the Boltzmann form, with a temperature that depends on the number of unknown variables. In particular, when the inﬂuence of the unknown degrees of freedom on the known variables is not too irregular, the temperature decreases as the number of variables increases. This suggests that models can be predictable only when the number of relevant variables is less than a critical threshold. Concerning sampling, we argue that the information that a sample contains on the behavior of the system is quantiﬁed by the entropy of the frequency with which diﬀerent states occur. This allows us to characterize the properties of maximally informative samples : within a simple approximation, relevant variables or to select the most informative representations of data, e.g. in data clustering.
Direct and Scalable Chemical Vapor Deposition of Ultrathin Low-Noise MoS2 Membranes on Apertures

We show that atomically thin molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) crystals can grow without any underlying substrates into free-standing atomically-thin layers, maintaining their planar 2D form. Using this property, we present a new mechanism for 2D crystal synthesis, i.e. reagent-limited nucleation near an aperture edge followed by reactions that allow crystal growth into the free-space of the aperture. Such an approach enables us, for the first time, the direct and selective growth of freestanding membranes of atomically thin MoS2 layers across micrometer-scale pre-fabricated solid-state apertures in SiNx membranes. Under optimal conditions, MoS2 grows preferentially across apertures, resulting in sealed membranes that are one to a few atomic layers thick. Since our method involves free-space growth and is devoid of either substrates or transfer, it is conceivably the most contamination-free method for obtaining 2D crystals reported so far. The membrane quality was investigated using atomic-resolution transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, and low-noise ion-current recordings through nanopores fabricated in such membranes.
Evaluation of the Anti-fouling Efficacy of Bacillus licheniformis Extracts Under Environmental and Natural Conditions

There is an increasing interest in developing innovative coatings and testing natural products with anti-fouling activity to substitute current highly toxic biocides that have a harmful impact on marine organisms. Bacillus licheniformis species have shown different anti-biofilm and anti-fouling activities in vitro, but so far, its efficacy in field trials has not been tested. For this purpose, the capacity of different extracts of B. licheniformis NCTC 10341T to prevent micro and macro-fouling was first tested in vitro. The methanol cell extract (MCE) inhibited bacterial biofilm formation without significantly affecting planktonic growth and displayed a significant efficacy to prevent larval settlement of the macro-fouler Bugula neritina in vitro without inducing lethality. Additionally, the MCE presented low toxicity against the non-target species Artemia salina. The B. licheniformis MCE was then incorporated in a self-polishing paint at 2 and 5% w/w and tested in a static immersion experiment in the Gulf of Aqaba (northern Red Sea) for 180 days. Fouling coverage decreased by 30% in the 5% MCE-treated panels in comparison with the control panels. Differences in the anti-biofilm activity of the extracts depending on the culture medium highlight the importance of the strict control of culture conditions for the production of biomass with stable bioactive activity. The results indicate the potential of B. licheniformis NCTC 10341T crude extracts for environmentally friendly anti-fouling applications, although a deeper characterization of the bioactive compounds present in the B. licheniformis MCE and its mode of action is required to allow strict control of the activity of the extracts to achieve large-scale industrial production.
Estimation de la moyenne et statistiques d'ordre

We study in this paper the estimation of the mean using the order statistics of a sample of n random variables. This kind of estimating have been done by Bovik for independent identically distributed variables. In this paper we extend this work to correlated variables. In particularly we extend this kind of estimator to a new estimator using simultaneously the variables and their order statistics. We show that this new estimator performs better than the previous one by “learning” the correlation and the probability density function of the variables, without ap rioriknowledge. At last an adaptive algorithm is given and a practical application is presented.
Gravitational lens recovery with glass: measuring the mass profile and shape of a lens

We use a new non-parametric gravitational modelling tool { Glass { to determine what quality of data (strong lensing, stellar kinematics, and/or stellar masses) are required to measure the circularly averaged mass prole of a lens and its shape. Glass uses an under-constrained adaptive grid of mass pixels to model the lens, searching through thousands of models to marginalise over model uncertainties. Our key ndings
Performance Chitosan Membranes to Filter Humic Acid (HA) Waste from Aquatic Environment

Various pollutants can directly and indirectly threaten the health and safety of our aquatic environment. To overcome this, various methods needed for more efficient wastewater treatment. Wastewater treatment using natural polymer matrix membranes can provide an excellent alternative that is environmentally friendly. For this purpose, a study on filtering humic acid (HA) waste frompolluted water using chitosan membranes has been carried out. The membranes used are chitosan membranes 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4%. The filtration was carried out by using the dead-end filtration method, and the analysis of humic acid was done by using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The ability of the membrane to screen humic acid waste is indicated by pure water flux (PWF), waste (product) flux (PF), and rejection coefficient (R). The results obtained that the chitosan membrane 2% showed the highest filtration ability 99.87% with pure water flux and product flux of 2938.14 L/m2h and 1678.93 L/m2h, respectively. While the chitosan membranes 3% and 4% gave rejection coefficient of 83.76% and 79.38%, respectively. The chitosan membrane 1%, on the pressure of 100 kPa did not produce flow. So, chitosan membrane 2% can be used as a method to reduce humic acid waste from the aquatic environment, which is environmentally friendly method. So, chitosan membrane 2% can be used as a method to reduce humic acid waste from the aquatic environment, which is environmentally friendly method.
Pregnancy and Crohn’s disease: concerns and assurance of medical therapy

Abstract Approximately 50% of patients with inflammatory bowel disease including both Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis are female with many being diagnosed and treated during their reproductive years. It is important for women to be in remission prior to and during pregnancy. There have been many advances in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease, including new therapies. In this review, we summarize the currently approved medications for Crohn’s disease and their safety in pregnancy and postpartum. The totality of evidence suggests that the majority of therapies are low-risk before and during pregnancy, and should be continued to control maternal disease.
Molecules at z = 0.89 - A 4-mm-rest-frame absorption-line survey toward PKS 1830−211

We present the results of a 7 mm spectral survey of molecular absorption lines originating in the disk of a z = 0.89 spiral galaxy located in front of the quasar PKS 1830-211. Our survey was performed with the Australia Telescope Compact Array and covers the frequency interval 30-50 GHz, corresponding to the rest-frame frequency interval 57-94 GHz. A total of 28 different species, plus 8 isotopic variants, were detected toward the south-west absorption region, located about 2 kpc from the center of the z = 0.89 galaxy, which therefore has the largest number of detected molecular species of any extragalactic object so far. The results of our rotation diagram analysis show that the rotation temperatures are close to the cosmic microwave background temperature of 5.14 K that we expect to measure at z = 0.89, whereas the kinetic temperature is one order of magnitude higher, indicating that the gas is subthermally excited. The molecular fractional abundances are found to be in-between those in typical Galactic diffuse and translucent clouds, and clearly deviate from those observed in the dark cloud TMC 1 or in the Galactic center giant molecular cloud Sgr B2. The isotopic ratios of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and silicon deviate significantly from the solar values, which can be linked to the young age of the z = 0.89 galaxy and a release of nucleosynthesis products dominated by massive stars. Toward the north-east absorption region, where the extinction and column density of gas is roughly one order of magnitude lower than toward the SW absorption region, only a handful of molecules are detected. Their relative abundances are comparable to those in Galactic diffuse clouds. We also report the discovery of several new absorption components, with velocities spanning between -300 and +170 km s(-1). Finally, the line centroids of several species (e. g., CH3OH, NH3) are found to be significantly offset from the average velocity. If caused by a variation in the proton-to-electron mass ratio mu with redshift, these offsets yield an upper limit vertical bar Delta mu/mu vertical bar \textless 4x10(-6), which takes into account the kinematical noise produced by the velocity dispersion measured from a large number of molecular species.