Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Band Offsets at the ZnO/Cu2ZnSnS4 Interface Based on the First Principles Calculation

Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) is attracting much attention recently as an absorber layer material in a heterojunction solar cell. We evaluate the valence band offset ΔEv at the ZnO/CZTS heterojunction interface by calculating the local density of states for each atom in the heterostructure supercell by the first-principles method. ΔEv is in the range of 0.8–1.3 eV, depending on the interface anion-atom species and the lattice constraint condition. The conduction band minimum of CZTS is predicted to be lower than that of ZnO.
Dynamic Redirection for VR Haptics with a Handheld Stick

This paper proposes a general handheld stick haptic redirection method that allows the user to experience complex shapes with haptic feedback through both tapping and extended contact, such as in contour tracing. As the user extends the stick to make contact with a virtual object, the contact point with the virtual object and the targeted contact point with the physical object are continually updated, and the virtual stick is redirected to synchronize the virtual and real contacts. Redirection is applied either just to the virtual stick, or to both the virtual stick and hand. A user study (N = 26) confirms the effectiveness of the proposed redirection method. A first experiment following a two-interval forced-choice design reveals that the offset detection thresholds are [−15cm, +15cm]. A second experiment asks participants to guess the shape of an invisible virtual object by tapping it and by tracing its contour with the handheld stick, using a real world disk as a source of passive haptic feedback. The experiment reveals that using our haptic redirection method participants can identify the invisible object with 78% accuracy.
Hypertension and Ovarian Cancer: A Case-Control Study in Saudi Arabia

Background There is limited evidence that evaluates the association between hypertension and ovarian cancer. The study aims to investigate the association between ovarian cancer and hypertension, the difference in lipid profile, and the association between body mass index (BMI) and ovarian cancer. Methods We conducted a case-control study at King Abdelaziz Medical City (KAMC), oncology department. All Saudi female patients who were diagnosed with primary ovarian cancer admitted to the oncology department at KAMC from 2016 to 2019 were selected. The data were collected from medical records of patients of the KAMC by chart review using The Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs BESTCare database. Results A total of 137 Saudi female patients diagnosed with ovarian cancer attending to gynecology and oncology center in KAMC from 2016 to 2019 were included in this study. The mean age of participants was 57 in cases and 56 in controls with a mean BMI of 29.64 in cases and 31 in controls. There were 63 obese cases, therefore, the proportion of obesity was 46%. Approximately one-third of cases were overweight (28%) while one-fourth (26%) of them were underweight or normal weight. Roughly two-thirds of cases were hypertensive with an overall proportion of 66 % (95% confidence interval (CI) 58-74) while one-third of controls were hypertensive with an overall proportion of 32%. Cases were having significantly higher triglycerides (p=0.03) and lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (p=0.001) than controls. The significant variables were analyzed using logistic regression. It was found that hypertensive subjects were 10.06 times more likely (95% CI: 4.88-20.71) to be associated with the cases as compared to controls (p<0.001). Also, an increase in BMI was significantly associated with being a case with OR = 1.07 (95% CI: 1.02-1.12; p=0.004). Conclusion In conclusion, hypertension, elevated BMI, higher triglycerides, and lower HDL were significantly associated with ovarian cancer.
Safety and Precision of Two Different Flap-morphologies Created During Low Energy Femtosecond Laser-assisted LASIK

Abstract Purpose Currently, two major principles exist to create LASIK flaps: firstly, a strictly horizontal (2D) cut similar to the microkeratome-cut and secondly an angled cut with a “step-like” edge (3D). The strictly horizontal (2D) cut method can be performed using apparatus such as the low-energy FEMTO LDV Z8 laser and its predecessors which are specific to this type. Alternatively, the low-energy FEMTO LDV Z8 laser's 3D flap design creates an interlocking flap-interface surface which potentially contributes toward flap stability. In addition, the FEMTO LDV Z8 offers flap-position adjustments after docking (before flap-creation). The current study analyzed precision, safety, efficacy, as well as patient self-reported pain and comfort levels after applying two different types of LASIK flap morphologies which were created with a low-energy, high-frequency femtosecond (fs) laser device. Methods A prospective, interventional, randomized, contralateral eye, single-center comparison study was conducted from November 2019 to March 2020 at the Hamburg vision clinic/ zentrumsehstärke, Hamburg, Germany. Eleven patients and 22 eyes received low-energy fs LASIK treatment for myopia or myopic astigmatism in both eyes. Before the treatment, the eyes were randomized (one eye was treated with the 2D, the other eye with the 3D method). Results The mean central flap thickness one month after surgery was 110.7 ± 1.6 μm (2D) and 111.2 ± 1.7 μm (3D); P = 0.365 (2D vs 3D). Flap thickness measured at 13 different points resulted in no statistically significant differences between any of the measurement points within/between both groups; demonstrating good planarity of the flap was achieved using both methods. Despite not being statistically significant, the surgeons recognized an increase in the presence of an opaque bubble layer in the 3D flap eyes during surgery and some patients reported higher, yet not statistically significant, pain scores in the 3D flap eyes during the first hours after the treatment. Overall, safety- and efficacy indices were 1.03 and 1.03, respectively. Conclusion In this prospective, randomized, contralateral eye study, the low-energy fs laser yielded predictable lamellar flap thicknesses and geometry at one-month follow-up. Based on these results, efficacy and safety of the corresponding laser application, that is, 2D vs 3D, are equivalent.
Suppressed shot noise in trap-assisted tunneling of metal–oxide–semiconductor capacitors

We show that the tunneling current of a metal–oxide–semiconductor capacitor subjected to voltage stress exhibits suppressed shot noise with respect to the “full” shot noise level associated with the same current before stress. We provide experimental results exhibiting a suppression down to about 70% and a theoretical model for transport and noise in the stress induced leakage current regime based on trap assisted tunneling, which is able to reproduce such reduction. Numerical results from the model are compared with measurements.
High-throughput screening identification of a small-molecule compound that induces ferroptosis and attenuates the invasion and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by targeting the STAT3/GPX4 axis

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a lethal malignancy. Although considerable efforts have been made in recent years regarding treatments, effective therapeutic drugs for HCC remain insufficient. In the present study, polyphyllin VI was identified as a potential therapeutic drug for HCC by screening natural herbal compounds. The therapeutic effects of polyphyllin VI were assessed using Cell Counting Kit-8, lactate dehydrogenase release and colony formation assays. The occurrence of ferroptosis was determined by assessing lipid peroxidation by reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde levels, intracellular ferrous iron levels, and the mRNA and protein levels of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4). The migratory and invasive abilities of HCC cells were examined using wound healing and Transwell assays. The results revealed that polyphyllin VI inhibited the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of HCC cells (HCCLM3 and Huh7 cells) by inducing ferroptosis. In addition, through a network pharmacology-based approach and molecular docking analyses, it was found that polyphyllin VI may target the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). HCC cells were treated with polyphyllin VI or a STAT3 inhibitor (Stattic), both of which exerted similar inhibitory effects on protein expression. Furthermore, immunofluorescence staining revealed that polyphyllin VI significantly inhibited the nuclear translocation of p-STAT3 in HCC cells. Mechanistically, by the overexpression of STAT3, it was confirmed that STAT3 binds to GPX4 and promotes its protein expression and transcription, whereas polyphyllin VI induces ferroptosis by inhibiting the STAT3/GPX4 axis. Subsequently, in vivo experiments revealed that polyphyllin VI inhibited the growth of subcutaneously transplanted tumors. On the whole, findings of the present study suggest that polyphyllin VI inhibits STAT3 phosphorylation, which inhibits GPX4 expression and induces the ferroptosis of HCC cells, eventually inhibiting their invasion and metastasis. These data suggest that polyphyllin VI may be a candidate for the prevention and treatment of HCC.
Impact of #PsychTwitter in promoting global psychiatry: A hashtag analysis study

Introduction Multiple studies have shown how valuable Twitter hashtags can be for promoting content related to different themes in the online community. This arena has grown into a rich data source for public health observation and understanding key trends in healthcare on a global scale. In the field of mental health in particular, it would be of benefit to understand and report the key stakeholders' (individual mental health professionals, academic organizations and their countries) trends and patterns of psychiatric knowledge and information dissemination using #PsychTwitter. Objective In this study, we aim to evaluate the achieved outreach of psychiatry-related tweets using the hashtag #PsychTwitter. Methods We utilized the Symplur Signals research analytics tool to characterize tweets containing #PsychTwitter from the 20th of August, 2019, to the 20th of August, 2022. Results The #PsychTwitter movement resulted in 125,297 tweets that were shared by 40,058 Twitter users and generated a total of 492,565,230 impressions (views). The three largest identified groups of contributors were Doctors (13.8% of all tweets), Org. Advocacy (6.2% of all tweets), and Researcher/Academic (4% of all tweets) stakeholders. The top influential accounts consisted of 55 psychiatrists and 16 institutional or organizational accounts. The top 5 countries from where most of the tweets containing #PsychTwitter were shared include the United States (54.3% of all users), the United Kingdom (10.4% of all users), Canada (4.9% of all users), India (2% of all users), and Australia (1.8% of all users). Conclusion This is the first of its kind study featuring the influence and usage of #PsychTwitter and covering its global impact in the field of psychiatry using the Twitter platform. Our results indicate that Twitter represents a broadly used platform for mental health-related discussions.
DIRECT TRAJECTORY OPTIMIZATION USING NONLINEAR PROGRAMMING AND COLLOCATION

An algorithm for the direct numerical solution of an optimal control problem is given. The method employs cubic polynomials to represent state variables, linearly interpolates control variables, and uses collocation to satisfy the differential equations. This representation transforms the optimal control problem to a mathematical programming problem which is solved by sequential quadratic programming. The method is easy to program for a very general trajectory optimization problem and is shown to be very efficient for several sample problems. Results are compared with solutions obtained with other methods.
Dark energy versus Ωm = 1 in the growth of matter perturbations

We explore the possibility of discriminating dark energy models from the study of the growth of matter perturbations. For the sake of simplicity, instead of dealing with a great number of models, we have chosen a simple model of dark energy (px = ω0ρ γ, with ω0 0; px ,a ndρx being pressure and energy density), which is able to reproduce a great number of different behaviours. A combination of WMAP data with other results have been used to estimate model parameters. The study has been made for collapsing shells in spherical clusters virialized at redshifts z = 1, 0. 1a nd 0.025 with line-of-sight velocity dispersion σlos = 750 and 1000 km s −1 . According to shell velocities, our dark energy models are clearly differentiated from the Ωm0 = 1 model (the greater the σlos is, the more differentiated the models are). However, the differences among dark energy models are not so large. From our results, the nearest clusters with large σlos are the idoneous ones to discriminate models. In fact, we think that from observations of caustics in nearby spherical clusters, it would be possible to make an estimation of Ωm0.
Fast Quench Propagation Conductor for Protecting Canted Cos-Theta Magnets

Canted Cos-Theta (CCT) magnet design offers remarkable advantages such as a low number of parts and the ability to intercept with the formers the Lorenz forces acting on the windings. However, by principle, it is very challenging to design a self-protected CCT magnet, even with relatively low stored energy and conductor current density. This is predominantly due to the normal zone being unable to propagate along the magnet axial direction. Fast Quench Propagation Conductors (FQPCs) for quench protection of CCT magnets are proposed and studied. FQPC is a superconducting conductor carrying the magnet transport current and placed along the main axis of the CCT magnet in good thermal contact with the turns of the windings. FQPC is connected electrically in series with the CCT windings but electrically insulated at the thermal contacts by the electric insulation of the conductors. The FQPCs aim to spread the normal zones in the CCT windings via a shorter axial path rather than only the path along CCT conductors and between them in the formers channels. Typically, ribs of the former inhibit axial quench propagation, and the FQPCs thermally connect CCT windings in the axial direction. The FQPCs quench due to the heat generated in the quenched turn and then act effectively like quench heaters powered by the magnet current. It means a completely passive system powered by the magnet energy that becomes inactive after magnet current decay. Quench protection transients are calculated using a consecutive-simulation approach involving two software tools developed as part of the STEAM framework at CERN: a finite element (FE) based tool called FiQuS coupled with a finite difference (FD) based tool called LEDET. This approach allows for a three-dimensional (3D) quench simulation and introduces a great level of geometrical detail while maintaining a reasonable computational effort. The benefits of the FQPCs depend on their number, placement, and duration of quench transient, which is affected by the CCT magnet size. These dependencies are studied in terms of the winding maximum temperature and voltage-to-ground that result from single, hot-spot-induced quenches in various locations in the windings.
Implications of miRNAs dysregulation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Challenging for clinical applications

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease characterized by the selective degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons. Currently, there are no effective biomarkers and fundamental therapies for this disease. Dysregulation in RNA metabolism plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of ALS. With the contribution of Next Generation Sequencing, the functions of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have gained increasing interests. Especially, micro RNAs (miRNAs), which are tissue-specific small ncRNAs of about 18–25 nucleotides, have emerged as key regulators of gene expression to target multiple molecules and pathways in the central nervous system (CNS). Despite intensive recent research in this field, the crucial links between ALS pathogenesis and miRNAs remain unclear. Many studies have revealed that ALS-related RNA binding proteins (RBPs), such as TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) and fused in sarcoma/translocated in liposarcoma (FUS), regulate miRNAs processing in both the nucleus and cytoplasm. Of interest, Cu2+/Zn2+ superoxide dismutase (SOD1), a non-RBP associated with familial ALS, shows partially similar properties to these RBPs via the dysregulation of miRNAs in the cellular pathway related to ALS. The identification and validation of miRNAs are important to understand the physiological gene regulation in the CNS, and the pathological implications in ALS, leading to a new avenue for early diagnosis and gene therapies. Here, we offer a recent overview regarding the mechanism underlying the functions of multiple miRNAs across TDP-43, FUS, and SOD1 with the context of cell biology, and challenging for clinical applications in ALS.
Dynamics of a guided streamer (‘plasma bullet’) in a helium jet in air at atmospheric pressure

It has been demonstrated experimentally that a non-equilibrium plasma column can be generated by discharge pulses in a helium jet surrounded by atmospheric-pressure air. The ‘plasma jet’ can be longer than 10 cm and fast imaging shows that most of the light emitted by the plasma jet is produced in a small ‘plasma bullet’ that propagates along the helium jet at speeds of several tens of km s−1. With the help of a simple fluid model of the discharge, we show that the plasma jet is very similar to a cathode streamer (ionization wave) guided by the helium jet. We discuss the properties of the helium streamer and of the plasma channel behind the streamer head as a function of parameters such as electrode geometry, voltage pulse waveform and preionization density. The model can reproduce qualitatively and explain most of the features observed experimentally.
Minimizing barriers

While veterinarians are increasingly seen by dairy producers as training providers for their diverse workforce, veterinary medicine curricula offers limited opportunities for practitioners to develop into effective communicators, especially when having to engage with multicultural groups. Conducting training on a dairy farm to change behaviors and to improve animal health and performance goes beyond a presentation translated by a bilingual dairy employee. While language barriers should be addressed, veterinarians should also be aware of cultural factors that may affect communication and the success of the training efforts. This article and associated presentation propose best practices for the facilitation of culturally-congruent training programs to improve dairy worker performance.
On the local magnetorotational instability of astrophysical jets

We present the local linear stability analysis of rotating jets confined by a toroidal magnetic field. Under the thin flux tube approximation, we derive the equation of motion for slender magnetic flux tubes. In addition to the terms responsible for the conventional instability of the toroidal magnetic field, a term related to the magnetic buoyancy and a term corresponding to the differential rotation become relevant for the stability properties. We find that the rigid rotation stabilizes while the differential rotational destabilizes the jet in a way similar to the Balbus–Hawley instability. Within the frame of our local analysis, we find that if the azimuthal velocity is of the order of or higher than the Alfven azimuthal speed, the rigidly rotating part of the jet interior can be completely stabilized, while the strong shearing instability operates in the transition layer between the rotating jet interior and the external medium. This can explain the limb-brightening effect observed in several jets. However, it is still possible to find jet equilibria that are stable all across the jet, even in the presence of differential rotation. We discuss observational consequences of these results.
Using Improved Ant Colony Algorithm to Investigate EMU Circulation Scheduling Problem

High-speed railway is one of the most important ways to solve the long-standing travel difficulty problem in China. However, due to the high acquisition and maintenance cost, it is impossible for decision-making departments to purchase enough EMUs to satisfy the explosive travel demand. Therefore, there is an urgent need to study how to utilize EMU more efficiently and reduce costs in the case of completing a given task in train diagram. In this paper, an EMU circulation scheduling model is built based on train diagram constraints, maintenance constraints, and so forth; in the model solving process, an improved ACA algorithm has been designed. A case study is conducted to verify the feasibility of the model. Moreover, contrast tests have been carried out to compare the efficiency between the improved ACA and the traditional approaches. The results reveal that improved ACA method can solve the model with less time and the quality of each representative index is much better, which means that efficiency of the improved ACA method is higher and better scheduling scheme can be obtained.
Control of the false discovery rate under dependence using the bootstrap and subsampling

This paper considers the problem of testing s null hypotheses simultaneously while controlling the false discovery rate (FDR). Benjamini and Hochberg (J. R. Stat. Soc. Ser. B 57(1):289–300, 1995) provide a method for controlling the FDR based on p-values for each of the null hypotheses under the assumption that the p-values are independent. Subsequent research has since shown that this procedure is valid under weaker assumptions on the joint distribution of the p-values. Related procedures that are valid under no assumptions on the joint distribution of the p-values have also been developed. None of these procedures, however, incorporate information about the dependence structure of the test statistics. This paper develops methods for control of the FDR under weak assumptions that incorporate such information and, by doing so, are better able to detect false null hypotheses. We illustrate this property via a simulation study and two empirical applications. In particular, the bootstrap method is competitive with methods that require independence if independence holds, but it outperforms these methods under dependence.
A Survey of 12.2 GHz Methanol Masers and Their Polarization Properties

L'emission a 12.1786 GHz du methanol a ete recherchee en direction de 78 masers H 2 O non stellaires et de 33 etoiles de type I OH/IR. Onze nouvelles sources de methanol ont ete trouvees dans les masers H 2 O non stellaires tandis qu'aucune source n'a ete trouvee dans les masers stellaires. Des proprietes de polarisation ont egalement ete observees pour 5 sources fortes, incluant Cepheus A et G 188.94+0,89
Non-equilibrium scaling in the Schlogl model

From the reaction-diffusion master equation formulation of the Schlogl model the authors develop a comprehensive description of the non-equilibrium dynamics. Using the Poisson transformation and the dynamical renormalisation group they firstly show how the equilibrium limit is recovered, and secondly describe the low-frequency, low-momenta scaling behaviour of the concentration fluctuations. The approach extends, simplifies or corrects previous studies and is easily generalised to treat more complicated systems.