Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Machine learning- based lung disease diagnosis from CT images using Gabor features in Littlewood Paley empirical wavelet transform (LPEWT) and LLE

ABSTRACT The term ‘lung disease’ covers a wide range of conditions that affect the lungs, including asthma, COPD, infections like the flu, pneumonia, tuberculosis, lung cancer, COVID, and numerous other breathing issues. Respiratory failure may result from several respiratory disorders. Recently, various methods have been proposed for lung disease detection, but they are not much more efficient. The proposed model has been tested on the COVID dataset. In this work, Littlewood-Paley Empirical Wavelet Transform (LPEWT) based technique is used to decompose images into their sub-bands. Using locally linear embedding (LLE), linear discriminative analysis (LDA), and principal component analysis (PCA), robust features are identified for lung disease detection after texture-based relevant Gabor features are extracted from images. LLE’s outcomes inspire the development of new techniques. The Entropy, ROC, and Student’s t-value methods provide ranks for robust features. Finally, LS-SVM is fed with t-value-based ranked features for classification using Morlet wavelet, Mexican-hat wavelet, and radial basis function. This model, which incorporated tenfold cross-validation, exhibited improved classification accuracy of 95.48%, specificity of 95.37%, sensitivity of 95.43%, and an F1 score of.95. The proposed diagnosis method can be a fast disease detection tool for imaging specialists using medical images.
An Image Recognition Method Based on Multi-Objective Evolutionary Learning for Material Quality Detection

In complex industrial production processes, it is generally difficult to detect product quality defects online. As the rapid development of computer vision, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been extensively used to solve this problem. In this paper, a multi-objective evolutionary learning method based on EfficientNet is proposed for material quality detection. Moreover, to improve the effectiveness of the model, a multi-objective differential evolution algorithm is used to optimize EfficientNet. To achieve a tradeoff between model accuracy and model complexity, a knee point mechanism is designed to obtain the model structure and hyperparameters. Steel strip surface defect datasets are used to test in computational experiments. The results verify that the proposed method has a higher precision with lower floating-point operations than other comparison methods.
Chemical Inhibitors Targeting the Histone Lysine Demethylase Families with Potential for Drug Discovery

The dynamic regulation of histone methylation and demethylation plays an important role in the regulation of gene expression. Aberrant expression of histone lysine demethylases has been implicated in various diseases including intractable cancers, and thus lysine demethylases serve as promising therapeutic targets. Recent studies in epigenomics and chemical biology have led to the development of a series of small-molecule demethylase inhibitors that are potent, specific, and have in vivo efficacy. In this review, we highlight emerging small-molecule inhibitors targeting the histone lysine demethylases and their progress toward drug discovery.
The impact of jamming on boundaries of collectively moving weak-interacting cells

Collective cell migration is an important feature of wound healing, as well as embryonic and tumor development. The origin of collective cell migration is mainly intercellular interactions through effects such as a line tension preventing cells from detaching from the boundary. In contrast, in this study, we show for the first time that the formation of a constant cell front of a monolayer can also be maintained by the dynamics of the underlying migrating single cells. Ballistic motion enables the maintenance of the integrity of the sheet, while a slowed down dynamics and glass-like behavior cause jamming of cells at the front when two monolayers—even of the same cell type—meet. By employing a velocity autocorrelation function to investigate the cell dynamics in detail, we found a compressed exponential decay as described by the Kohlrausch–William–Watts function of the form , with 1.5 ⩽ β(t) ⩽ 1.8. This clearly shows that although migrating cells are an active, non-equilibrium system, the cell monolayer behaves in a glass-like way, which requires jamming as a part of intercellular interactions. Since it is the dynamics which determine the integrity of the cell sheet and its front for weakly interacting cells, it becomes evident why changes of the migratory behavior during epithelial to mesenchymal transition can result in the escape of single cells and metastasis.
Design and Implementation of AGV Scheduling System for Flexible Manufacturing

For the cooperative scheduling of multiple AGVs(Automatic Guided Vehicle), a task scheduling algorithm for automotive assembly application is proposed and the system is designed and implemented. The system adopts a modular design idea, including login module, position display module, scheduling module, information display module, status monitoring module, abnormality handling module. The system is designed to realize the task scheduling for different sections of the automotive assembly line, the connection and scheduling of adjacent sections, the real-time monitoring of various operating parameters such as position, power, speed and status of AGVs, and the alarming of abnormal conditions. After the actual test, the system has stable operation, reliable performance, improved work efficiency and safety. It can replace the traditional vehicle assembly line to achieve flexible manufacturing.
Italian Grape Ale Beers Obtained with Malvasia di Candia Aromatica Grape Variety: Evolution of Phenolic Compounds during Fermentation

Italian grape ale (IGA) beers have been categorized by the Beer Judge Certification Program as a sub-category of fruit beers in which grape, or grape must, is added during the brewing process to provide additional characteristics to the final beer. In the present work, IGA beers have been produced with must and pomace of the Malvasia di Candia Aromatica (MaCA) grape variety, which were added before fermentation at two different percentages (10% and 20%). The (poly)phenolic profile of IGA beers have been characterized with HPLC-MS/MS and compared to a golden ale control beer (produced in the same conditions without the addition of grape-derived ingredients). A series of sub-samples have been collected to monitor the (poly)phenol profile at time 0 and during the different phases of the fermentation process (1, 3, 5, 7 30, 65 days). Results demonstrated how the addition of pomace allowed to significantly enrich (p < 0.05) final beers in total (poly)phenols detected by MS, while must addition did not influence that amount if compared to the control sample. However, a PCA cluster analysis identified strong similarities among IGA beers and differentiated them to control beer samples. This study underlined how the addition of must and pomace from the MaCA grape variety improved the (poly)phenolic profile of beer from both a qualitative and quantitative point of view.
Mycobacterium avium Subspecies paratuberculosis in Asymptomatic Zoo Herbivores in Poland

Simple Summary Paratuberculosis is a bacterial infection occurring globally in ruminants. Although it has a known impact on animal health and welfare, diagnosis is complicated by high animal densities, the chronic nature of the disease, the variable course of infection, and the immune response. The aim of the current study was to confirm whether Mycobacterium avium sp. paratuberculosis (MAP) infections occur in zoo animals in Poland. Faeces samples (n = 131) were collected for analysis from different species of animals from eight zoos in Poland. Our study provides the first confirmation of MAP in bongo antelope and confirms that MAP is present in Polish zoological gardens and requires monitoring, which can be easier now due to new legislation. Abstract Mycobacterial infections are significant issues in zoo animals, influencing animal welfare, conservation efforts, and the zoonotic potential of pathogens. Although tuberculosis is recognised to be highly dangerous, paratuberculosis can also lead to animal losses and is potentially dangerous for humans. The aim of the current study was to confirm whether Mycobacterium avium spp. paratuberculosis (MAP) infections are currently present in zoos in Poland. Faeces samples (n = 131) were collected from different animal species from eight zoos in Poland. The faeces were decontaminated and inoculated into Herrold’s Egg Yolk Media. The species was determined using commercial DNA testing. The IS900 was checked using RT-PCR. The culture was positive in seven samples: five with M. avium, one with Mycobacterium fortiatum, and one without any identified Mycobacterium species. RT-PCR confirmed MAP genetic material in nine animals. Our findings represent the first confirmation of MAP in bongo (Tragelaphus eurycerus), indicating that it is present in Polish zoological gardens. Fortunately, the disease can be monitored more easily due to recent legislation (the Animal Health Law).
Freezing Rain: An Observational and Theoretical Study

Abstract Data from a Doppler radar, an instrumented aircraft, and several rawinsonde observations during freezing rain and ice pellet events have been analyzed for this study. From these data, 34 soundings were obtained that characterized the vertical structure of the atmosphere at the time of the freezing precipitation. These soundings were analyzed to determine the general nature of the vertical structure and the environmental conditions common to these types of winter precipitation events. The state of the hydrometeors reaching the surface (i.e., supercooled liquid or ice) was critically dependent upon the melting and refreezing characteristics. To better understand these characteristics, two theoretical models were used: 1) a heat transfer model to simulate the melting of a dendritic snowflake and 2) a separate heat transfer model to simulate the refreezing characteristics of a liquid droplet. These two models were run using typical values for lapse rates and temperatures as determined from the soundi.
Effectiveness of Remote Interventions to Improve Medication Adherence in Patients after Stroke: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis

Background: Stroke affects more than 30 million people every year, but only two-thirds of patients comply with prescribed medication, leading to high stroke recurrence rates. Digital technologies can facilitate interventions to support treatment adherence. Purpose: This study evaluates the effectiveness of remote interventions and their mechanisms of action in supporting medication adherence after stroke. Methods: PubMed, MEDLINE via Ovid, Cochrane CENTRAL, the Web of Science, SCOPUS, and PsycINFO were searched, and meta-analysis was performed using the Review Manager Tool. Intervention content analysis was conducted based on the COM-B model. Results: Ten eligible studies were included in the review and meta-analysis. The evidence suggested that patients who received remote interventions had significantly better medication adherence (SMD 0.49, 95% CI [0.04, 0.93], and p = 0.03) compared to those who received the usual care. The adherence ratio also indicated the interventions’ effectiveness (odds ratio 1.30, 95% CI [0.55, 3.10], and p = 0.55). The systolic and diastolic blood pressure (MD −3.73 and 95% CI [−5.35, −2.10])/(MD −2.16 and 95% CI [−3.09, −1.22]) and cholesterol levels (MD −0.36 and 95% CI [−0.52, −0.20]) were significantly improved in the intervention group compared to the control. Further behavioural analysis demonstrated that enhancing the capability within the COM-B model had the largest impact in supporting improvements in adherence behaviour and relevant clinical outcomes. Patients’ satisfaction and the interventions’ usability were both high, suggesting the interventions’ acceptability. Conclusion: Telemedicine and mHealth interventions are effective in improving medication adherence and clinical indicators in stroke patients. Future studies could usefully investigate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of theory-based and remotely delivered interventions as an adjunct to stroke rehabilitation programmers.
Quantification of the Quercetin Nanoemulsion Technique Using Various Parameters

Natural antioxidant polyphenolic compounds obtained from different plants are considered antioxidants for curing various chronic pathological diseases such as cardiovascular disorders and cancer. Quercetin (a polyphenolic flavonol) has attracted much attention from dietitians and medicinal chemists due to its wide variety of pharmacological activities, including anti-diabetic, anti-hypertensive, anti-carcinogenic, anti-asthmatic, anti-viral, and antioxidant activities. Furthermore, structurally, it is well suited to stabilize emulsions. The present review depicts the important role of the quercetin nanoemulsion technique, used to enhance the solubility of target materials both in vivo and in vitro as well as to decrease the risk of degradation and metabolism of drugs. Researchers have used cryo-TEM to study the morphology of quercetin nanoemulsions. The effects of various parameters such as pH, salts, and solvent concentration on quercetin nanoemulsion have been investigated for quercetin nanoemulsion. Many studies have used UV–Vis spectroscopy and HPLC for the characterization of these particles such as solubility, stability, and encapsulating efficiency.
Trust in and Use of COVID-19 Information Sources Differs by Health Literacy among College Students

People’s health information-seeking behaviors differ by their health literacy levels. This study assessed the relationship between health literacy and college students’ levels of trust in and use of a range of health information sources of COVID-19. We collected data from August to December 2020 among college students (n = 763) through an online survey. We used a health literacy measure containing three self-reported survey questions, developed by the CDC. We assessed the extent to which participants trusted and used any of the sixteen different sources of information about COVID-19. Respondents reported high levels of trusting and using COVID-19 information from the CDC, health care providers, the WHO, state/county/city health departments, and official government websites when compared to other sources. After controlling for demographic characteristics (i.e., gender, age, race, ethnicity, and income), those who reported having lower health literacy were significantly less likely to trust and use COVID-19 information from these health authorities when compared to participants who reported having higher health literacy. Students with lower self-reported health literacy indicated not trusting or using official health authority sources for COVID-19 information. Relying on low-quality information sources could create and reinforce people’s misperceptions regarding the virus, leading to low compliance with COVID-19-related public health measures and poor health outcomes.
Parameter Estimation for Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Modal Analysis of Large Structures

Experimental modal analysis (EMA) is explored as a technology for condition assessment and damage identification of constructed structures. However, successful EMA applications such as damage detection to constructed systems pose certain difficulties. The properties of constructed systems are influenced by temperature changes as well as other natural influences such as movements in addition to any deterioration and damage. Writers were challenged in their attempts to measure the dynamic properties of an aged bridge by EMA due to inconsistencies within the data set due to short-term variations in ambient conditions. A complex interaction was observed between the dynamic properties of the bridge, hour-to-hour changes in temperature, and controlled damages applied to the bridge. Inconsistencies in the data set made curve fitting difficult for some common parameter estimation algorithms that have been designed to handle consistent data sets. Although the quality of measurements within the entire data set was affected by time variance and nonlinearity, increasing the number of reference measurements significantly improved the reliability of the information which could be extracted. In conjunction with the multiple-input multiple-output technique, a parameter estimation method using complex mode indicator function (CMIF) was developed and used in this study to determine the modal properties with proper scaling to obtain modal flexibility. This method proved to be very successful among many others with the data acquired from the aged and deteriorated highway bridge. In this paper, challenges in reliable identification of modal parameters from large structures are reviewed and the new CMIF based algorithm is documented. The method is evaluated on actual bridge data sets from a damage detection research study.
Robust utility maximization with a general penalty term

We study a robust utility maximization problem with non entropic penalty term. We consider two types of Penalties. The first one is the f-divergence penalty studied in the general framework of a continuous filtration. The second called consistent time penalty studied in the context of a Brownian filtration. These Penalties generalizes the relative entropy. We prove in the two cases that there exists a unique optimal probability measure solution of the robust problem, which is equivalent to the historical probability. In the case of a consistent time penalty, we characterize the dynamic value process of our stochastic control problem as the unique solution of a quadratic backward stochastic differential equation.
LENGTH OF A CURVE IS QUASI-CONVEX

We show that for every simple closed curve �, the extremal length and the hyperbolic length ofare quasi-convex functions along any Teichmuller geodesic. As a corollary, we conclude that, in Teichmuller space equipped with the Teichmuller metric, balls are quasi-convex.
submitted to Foundations of Physics

It is shown that certain kinds of behavior, which hitherto were expected to be characteristic for classical gravity and quantum field theory in curved spacetime, as the infinite dimensional Bondi-Metzner-Sachs symmetry, holography on event horizons and an area proportionality of entropy, have in fact an unnoticed presence in Minkowski QFT. This casts new light on the fundamental question whether the volume propotionality of heat bath entropy and the (logarithmically corrected) dimensionless area law obeyed by localization-induced thermal behavior are different geometric parametrizations which share a common primordeal algebraic origin. Strong arguments are presented that these two different thermal manifestations can be directly related, this is in fact the main aim of this paper. It will be demonstrated that QFT beyond the Lagrangian quantization setting receives crucial new impulses from holography onto horizons. The present paper is part of a project aimed at elucidating the enormous physical range of ”modular localization”. The latter does not only extend from standard Hamitonian heat bath thermal states to thermal aspects of causal- or event- horizons addressed in this paper. It also includes the recent understanding of the crossing property of formfactors whose intriguing similarity with thermal properties was, although sometimes noticed, only understood in the modular setting (arXiv:0905.4006, the main part of the project).
II. Mathematical contributions to the theory of evolution. II. Skew variation in homogeneous material

In the deduction of the normal curve of frequency from the symmetrical point binomial, three conditions are usually assumed to be true:— (a.) The chances of any “contributory cause” giving its unit of deviation in excess or in defect are presumed to be equal. (b.) The number of “contributory causes” are supposed to be indefinitely great.
The geometry and the Laplace operator on the exterior 2-forms on a compact Riemannian manifold

ASATRAcr. A compact, orientable, Riemannan manifold of dimension n is considered, with the Laplace operator acting on the exterior 2-forms of the manifold. Examining the spectrum, Sp2, of the Laplace operator acting on 2-forms, the question is raised whether Sp2 exerts an influence on the geometry of the Riemannian manifold. To answer this question, after some preliminaries, two compact, orientable, equispectral, i.e., having the same Sp2, Riemannian manifolds are considered in ? 3. (We note, in particular, that equispectral implies that the two manifolds are equidimensional.) Assuming further that the second Riemannian manifold has constant sectional curvature, the paper exhibits all the dimensions, commencing with 2, for which the two Riemannan equispectral manifolds have the same constant sectional curvature. In particular, this implies that for certain dimensions, which are explicitly stated, the Eucidean n-sphere is completely characterized by the spectrum, Sp2, of the Laplacian on exterior 2-forms. Next, two compact, orientable, equispectral, Einsteinian manifolds are considered. (Again, equispectral implies equidimensional.) Assuming that the second Einsteinian manifold is of constant sectional curvature, the paper exhibits all the dimensions for which the two Einsteinian equispectral manifolds have equal constant sectional curvature. In particular, taking the second manifold to be the standard Eucidean sphere, the paper classifies Einsteinian manifolds, which are equispectral to the sphere, by calculating all the dimensions for which the Einsteinian manifold is isometric to the sphere. In short, if one of the Einsteinian manifolds is the sphere, then for certain dimensions, equispectral implies isometric. In ? 4, compact, equispectral, Kihlerian manifolds are considered, and additional conditions are examined which determine their geometry. Studying two compact, equispectral, Kaillerian manifolds, and again assuming that one of the manifolds is of real, constant, holomorphic, sectional curvature, the paper exhibits all the dimensions for which the two manifolds have equal real, constant, holomorphic, sectional curvatures. As a particular case, the paper classifies all the dimensions for which complex projective space, with Fubini-Study metric, is completely characterized by the spectrum, Sp2, of the Laplacian acting on exterior 2-forms. The calculations were performed by utilizing an electronic computer.
New cuts of quartz for temperature sensors

In order to pursue good stability and sensitivity for quartz temperature sensors, it is necessary to study the relationship between the elastic compliance coefficient, piezoelectric constant, frequency temperature coefficient and cut type. Basing on the theoretical analysis, in this paper, we present new ideal cuts of quartz crystal which fully meet our precision and reliability requirements, and also an original program is proposed that can automatically calculate the material parameters for any cuts of quartz crystal, which effectively help us with the following structural design and simulation works of quartz sensors.
Quantum and Classical Correlations in Isotropic XY Chain with Three-Site Interaction

The quantum phase transition in the isotropic XY chain with three-site interaction has been studied by calculating the quantum discord, classical correlation, and concurrence measuring entanglement. It is found that the quantum discord is a better choice than concurrence to signal the presence of the quantum phase transition in this model, since that for next-nearest neighbor spins the derivative of the quantum discord still exhibits singularity at the critical point while there is no more entanglement.