Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Algèbres planaires et sous-algèbres maximales abéliennes dans les algèbres de von Neumann

Cette these presente des resultats sur les algebres planaires et les sous-algebres maximales abeliennes dans des algebres de von Neumann. Les deux premiers chapitres portent sur une construction qui a une algebre planaire d'un sous-facteur associe un facteur II₁. Dans le premier chapitre, on definit une classe d'algebres planaires, qualifiees de non coloriees, qui est adaptee a la theorie des probabilites libres. De plus cette classe contient la classe des algebres planaires d'un sous-facteur. On montre qu'a toute algebre planaire non coloriee on peut associer une algebre de von Neumann. Le resultat principal est que cette algebre de von Neumann est un facteur II₁. Dans le deuxieme chapitre, on considere le facteur II₁ construit a partir d'une algebre planaire d'un sous-facteur. On considere une sous-algebre maximale abelienne generiquement associee a l'algebre planaire. Le resultat principal est que cette sous-algebre maximale abelienne est maximale hyperfinie. Dans le troisieme chapitre, on considere un invariant introduit par Takesaki pour des sous-algebres maximales abeliennes. Le resultat principal est de montrer que cet invariant est obtenu par l'action du normalisateur. En particulier, on repond a une question de Takesaki de 1963 en montrant que toute sous-algebre maximale abelienne singuliere est simple.
Autonomous-Jump-ODENet: Identifying Continuous-Time Jump Systems for Cooling-System Prediction

Periodic Jump processes commonly occur in complex industrial systems. As the systems vary dynamically between different stages, learning their dynamics in an unified model, so as to forecast and simulation accurately is challenging. In this study, we propose autonomous jump ordinary differential equation net (AJ-ODENet) to learn the continuous-time periodic jump system. The model consists of several Hierarchical ODENets (H-ODENets) and a stage transition predictor. Each H-ODENet is an advanced version of ordinary differential equations network to individually learn specific dynamics in each stage from irregularly sampled sequence data. The stage transition predictor realizes autonomous stage transition during open-loop simulation. Furthermore, an encoder–decoder framework built on AJ-ODENet is employed on a real cooling system of data center to simulate some variables in runtime. With multivariate data given, such as server power and environmental temperature, the model can simulate the working patterns as in reality, and the relative error of the predicted energy consumption is within 5%. Furthermore, based on the model, we infer the optimal cooling temperature settings under different heat loads. The simulation results indicate that 6%–25% of cooling energy consumption can be optimized.
Reset-and-Hold Control of Systems With Time Delay

Reset control is a kind of hybrid control which is capable of overcoming fundamental limitations on the performance intrinsic to linear time invariant (LTI) systems. In this work, we develop a novel control strategy for first order LTI plants with time delay, based on the proportional-integral plus Clegg integrator (PI+CI) controller, a hybrid extension of the proportional-integral (PI) controller, augmented with a new mechanism for keeping its state constant during a given interval of time (reset-and-hold strategy). This strategy is capable of producing an approximation of a flat response which greatly improves the performance in comparison with non-hybrid linear strategies, extending previous results developed for first order systems without delay. Well-posedness and closed-loop stability of the resulting control system are analyzed under the Hybrid Inclusions (HI) framework, and a set of sufficient stability conditions are provided. Furthermore, a case study is developed that showcases the possibilities of this new approach.
Visceral Leishmaniasis: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment Regimens in Different Geographical Areas with a Focus on Pediatrics

Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is a vector-borne disease caused by an intracellular protozoa of the genus Leishmania that can be lethal if not treated. VL is caused by Leishmania donovani in Asia and in Eastern Africa, where the pathogens’ reservoir is represented by humans, and by Leishmania infantum in Latin America and in the Mediterranean area, where VL is a zoonotic disease and dog is the main reservoir. A part of the infected individuals become symptomatic, with irregular fever, splenomegaly, anemia or pancytopenia, and weakness, whereas others are asymptomatic. VL treatment has made progress in the last decades with the use of new drugs such as liposomal amphotericin B, and with new therapeutic regimens including monotherapy or a combination of drugs, aiming at shorter treatment duration and avoiding the development of resistance. However, the same treatment protocol may not be effective all over the world, due to differences in the infecting Leishmania species, so depending on the geographical area. This narrative review presents a comprehensive description of the clinical picture of VL, especially in children, the diagnostic approach, and some insight into the most used pharmacological therapies available worldwide.
Advances in Ku-Band GaN Single Chip Front End for Space SARs: From System Specifications to Technology Selection

In this paper, a single-chip front-end (SCFE) operating in Ku-band (12–17 GHz) is presented. It is designed exploiting a GaN on SiC technology featured by 150 nm gate length provided by UMS foundry. This MMIC integrates high power and low noise amplification functions enabled by a single-pole double-throw (SPDT) switch, occupying a total area of 20 mm2. The transmitting chain (Tx) presents a 39 dBm output power, a power added efficiency (PAE) higher than 30% and a 22 dB power gain. The receive path (Rx) offers a low noise figure (NF) lower than 2.8 dB with 25 dB of linear gain. The Rx port output power leakage is limited on chip to be below 15 dBm even at high compression levels. Finally, a complete characterization of the SCFE in the Rx and Tx modes is presented, also showing the measurement of the recovery time in the presence of large-signal interferences.
Etiske aspekter i tandlægens arbejdsfelt

Claes Reit, Anne Bjørg Tveit & Palle Holmstrup Etiske spørgsmål har altid trængt sig på i sundhedssektoren, og bedømt på antal artikler i skandinaviske tandlægetidsskrifter i de sidste 10 år har etikken fået betydelig bevågenhed i odontologien (1-15). Etikken har naturligvis også en klar berettigelse i et temanummer om fremme af sundhed i munden, og i denne artikel vil vi forsøge at beskrive enkelte aktuelle etiske problemstillinger, om end løsninger ikke altid er lige for. Det er sædvanligvis vanskeligt at skelne mellem etik og moral, men undertiden forsøges en skelnen. Som Inge Lønning (16) udtrykker det i sin artikel »Odontologisk etik – findes den? «: »Hvis problemet er, at vi i en given sammenhæng ikke ved, hvad der er rigtigt og forkert, har vi et etisk problem. Hvis problemet er, at vi ikke handler eller er villige til at handle i overensstemmelse med det, vi ved, er rigtigt, har vi et moralsk problem. « Indholdet i begreberne etik og moral har ofte været diskuteret i litteraturen, men ved et ejendommeligt sammentræf opdager den ene af denne artikels forfattere i skrivende stund, at der i dagbladet Politiken netop denne dag, den 21. april, er en udmærket artikel med overskriften: »Etik eller moral« (17). I artiklen belyses de to begreber af en medarbejder ved Det Danske Sprogog Litteraturselskab, Henrik Andersson. Det fremgår heraf, at »etik kommer af oldgræsk ethos, moral af latin mos (genitiv: moris). Grundbetydningen af ethos og mos er den samme, nemlig sædvane, så allerede her kan vi have en forklaring på, at ordene kan bruges med samme betydning. I dansk er ordet moral meget ældre end etik. Moral (eller morale som det hed indtil ca. 1750) er hjemlet første gang så tidligt som 1555. Etik kom først ind i dansk lidt ind i 1800-tallet« . »etik og etisk er vundet frem på bekostning af moral og moralsk. At etik i dag har større prestige end moral, fremgår bl.a. af det faktum, at veletablerede gloser, der betegner gældende normer inden for noget så jordnært som arbejde, forretning og handel – arbejdsmoral, forretningsmoral, handelsmoral – nu får konkurrence fra sammensætninger som arbejdsetik, forretningsetik, handelsetik. « »Moral udviklede omkring år 1800 en betydning, som etik aldrig har haft eller fået, nemlig evne til at holde sine handlinger og tanker i overensstemmelse med gældende normer; livsførelse, tænkemåde (specielt mht. det seksuelle), der tilfredsstiller gældende normer. « Mon ikke situationen for de to ord er nogenlunde den samme på de andre nordiske sprog? I det efterfølgende bliver der således ikke skelnet klart mellem betegnelserne etik og moral.
Qualitative Assessment of the Clinico-Pathological Features of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1 Outbreaks in Commercial Poultry and Peri-Domestic Birds in Northern Nigeria

The control of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in Nigeria from in-ception is predicated on effective biosecurity by stamping out policy but outbreaks of the disease continued to re-occur with altered clinico-pathologic manifestations. This study undertook the qualitative assessment of the clini-co-pathological features of HPAI H5N1 during the 2021/2022 outbreaks in commercial poultry and peri-domestic birds in northern Nigeria. A total of 22 commercial poultry farms with 53,932 laying chickens and 3 households with 120 backyard broiler chickens, 18 indigenous chickens, 10 peafowls and 9 geese were investigated for HPAI. The clinico-pathologic manifestations observed in commercial poultry were subtle compared to previous presenta-tions of the disease except in the peafowls, geese, broilers and indigenous chickens. The interspecies mortality rates significantly varied from 1.6% to 19.6% for laying chickens and 33.3% to 100% for broilers, indigenous chickens, and virus isolation in embryonated chicken eggs confirmed HPAI H5N1 in twenty-five farms. It is concluded that the continuous though, irregular outbreaks of HPAI and emerging clinico-pathologic manifestations are pointers to failure of control and that the disease may become endemic. It is recommended that government should review its policy on the control of HPAI to include the adoption of zoned vaccination with close monitoring.
Percepción y nivel de confianza de la sociedad chihuahuense hacia los Millenials

Objetivo: Evaluar la percepción y el nivel de confianza de la sociedad chihuahuense hacia a generación Millennial. Planteamiento del problema: En estos últimos años, las ideas y estereotipos que se tienen hacia los integrantes de la generación Millennial son en su mayoría de carácter negativo, por lo que es necesario que se estudie y analice a fondo las características de estas personas, y tomar en cuenta las percepciones sobre esta generación. Metodología: La investigación fue de tipo aplicada, con un diseño no experimental, transeccional descriptivo y correlacional. La población de interés y la unidad de análisis fueron personas de esta generación ubicados en la ciudad de Chihuahua. El muestreo fue de tipo probabilístico. El tamaño de la muestra se definió con un nivel de confianza del 95% y un error del 5% y se trabajó 425 personas. La variable evaluada fue la precepción y nivel de confianza. El instrumento de medición fue un cuestionario que solicitó datos sociodemográficos y estuvo integrado por 14 preguntas relacionados con la percepción y el nivel de confianza hacia la generación millennial. Se llevó cabo un análisis descriptivo y correlacional. Se utilizó la prueba de K medias para identificar grupos de respuesta. Se utilizó la prueba de chi cuadrada para identificar dependencia entre variables. Resultados: Las principales características de la generación Millennial fueron: Son extrovertidos, soñadores y optimistas. La percepción de la sociedad chihuahuense hacia la generación Millennial es negativa y se detectó un nivel de confianza bajo
Fe2C- and Mn2(W/Mo)B4-based rare-earth-free permanent magnets as a result of the high-throughput and data-mining search

A high-throughput and data-mining search for rare-earth-free permanent magnets is reported for materials containing a 3d and p-element of the Periodic Table. Three of the most promising compounds, Fe C, Mn MoB , and Mn WB , were investigated in detail by ab initio electronic structure theory coupled to atomistic spin-dynamics. For these systems doping protocols were also investigated and, in particular, (Fe X ) C (X = Mn, Cr, V, and Ti), Mn XB (X = Mo and W) along with Mn (X Y )B (X,Y = Mo, W, Ta, Cr) are suggested here as promising candidates for applications as permanent magnets. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT IMPACT STATEMENT Several promising high-performance rare-earth-free permanent magnets have been found as a result of an ab initio high-throughput search. Alteration proposed to improve their stability and magnetic properties.
Wavelet transform analysis of the seismocardiogram

Seismocardiography is a new, non-invasive technique developed for recording and analyzing cardiac vibratory activity. Recent studies of seismocardiograms (SCGs) have demonstrated that they are a potential technique for detecting coronary artery disease. In this paper, wavelet analysis, based on multiresolution signal decomposition, has been used to investigate the effects of physiological conditions (isometric exercise and hyperventilation) on the SCG in different frequency sub-bands, with respect to the rest SCG. The power of the SCGs was calculated in seven frequency sub-bands. Significant differences between rest SCG, isometric SCG and hyperventilation SCG, were found in various sub-bands. The wavelet transform enabled distinctions to be made between SCGs for different physiological conditions, and showed it to be a promising analysis tool in the field of SCG analysis.
Topic Evolution in the Research on Educational Gamification

The research on educational gamification spans many topics of interest. As the total volume of research in this area has greatly increased in the last 10 years, it is interesting to see how the interest in the respective topics has changed over the same period. In this paper, we answer this question by means of keyword analysis performed on 7572 unique keywords extracted from 2203 papers. The obtained results reveal (1) the high popularity of keywords that are non-obviously relevant to gamification, (2) vast disproportions in the volume of research dedicated to different aspects of the same research sub-area, and (3) differing patterns of popularity among the most frequent keywords, as well as keywords introduced and abandoned in recent years (4). The presented findings bear a number of implications for the future of research on educational gamification.
Can Blood Flow Restriction Training Benefit Post-Activation Potentiation? A Systematic Review of Controlled Trials

(1) Background: post-activation potentiation (PAP) plays an essential role in enhancing athletic performance. Various conditioning activities (CAs) have been developed to generate PAP before training or competitions. However, whether extra equipment can enhance the effectiveness of CAs is understudied. Hence, this systematic review aims to introduce and examine the effectiveness of blood flow restriction-based conditioning activities (BFR-CAs). (2) Methods: a literature search was conducted via Web of Science, PubMed, SPORTDiscus, and CNKI (a Chinese academic database). The systematic review included the literature concerning BFR-CAs and non-BFR-CAs. The methodological quality of included studies was considered to be “moderate quality” and “good quality” based on the Physiotherapy Evidence Database Scale. (3) Results: five studies were included in this study. Four studies were on lower limb strength training, and three of them suggested a greater PAP in BFR-CAs than in non-BFR counterparts. One study on upper limb strength training also supported the advantage of BFR-CAs. (4) Conclusions: BFR-CAs may be an emerging and promising strategy to generate PAP. Compared with non-BFR-CAs, BFR-CAs might be more efficient and practical for inexperienced sports people or athletes in non-power sports.
Generation of high-energy 10-fs pulses by a new pulse compression technique

Summary form only given. In this work, we present a novel laser pulse compression technique for Ti:sapphire chirped pulse laser amplifiers, based on spectral broadening in a hollow cylindrical quartz fiber filled with noble gases at high pressure, which is suitable for high-energy pulses. Pulse recompression is then achieved using two conventional quartz prism pairs.
Reduced Nucleotides, Thiols and O2 in Cellular Redox Balance: A Biochemist’s View

In the present review, which is aimed at researchers, teachers and students in life sciences, we try to show how the physicochemical properties of the elements and molecules define the concept of redox balance. Living organism are open systems traversed by fluxes of energy and matter. During catabolic oxidative metabolism, matter—mostly hydrogenated organic molecules—is oxidized and ultimately released as CO2. Electrons are passed over to coupling molecules, such as NAD+ and FAD, whose reduced forms serve as electrons donors in anabolic reactions. Early photosynthetic activity led to the accumulation of O2 and the transformation of the reduction to an oxidizing atmosphere, favoring the development of oxidative metabolism in living organisms. We focus on the specific properties of O2 that provide the chemical energy for the combustion reactions occurring in living cells. We explain the concepts of redox potential and redox balance in complex systems such as living cells, we present the main redox couples involved in cellular redox balance and we discuss the chemical properties underlying their cellular roles and, in particular, their antioxidant properties in the defense against reactive oxygen species (ROS). Finally, we try to provide an integrative view emphasizing the interplay between metabolism, oxidative stress and metabolic compartmentation in mammalian cells.
Growth, Nutrient Retention, Waste Output, and Antioxidant Capacity of Juvenile Triangular Bream (Megalobrama terminalis) in Response to Dietary Selenium Yeast Concentration

An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of different dietary selenium yeast levels on growth, nutrient retention, waste output, and antioxidant capacity of juvenile triangular bream (Megalobrama terminalis). Five isonitrogenous (320 g/kg crude protein) and isolipidic (65 g/kg crude lipid) diets were formulated, with supplementation of graded levels of selenium yeast at 0 (diet Se0), 1 (diet Se1), 3 (diet Se3), 9 (diet Se9), and 12 g/kg (diet Se12). No significant differences were found in initial body weight, condition factor, visceral somatic index, hepatosomatic index, and whole body contents of crude protein, ash, and phosphorus among fish fed different test diet. The highest final body weight and weight gain rate were found in fish fed diet Se3. The specific growth rate (SGR) is closely related to dietary selenium (Se) concentrations with a relationship described as SGR = –0.0043 Se2 + 0.1062 Se + 2.661. Higher feed conversion ratio was found, while lower retention efficiencies of nitrogen and phosphorus were found in fish fed diets Se1, Se3, and Se9 than in fish fed diet Se12. Contents of selenium in whole body, vertebra, and dorsal muscle increased with dietary supplementation of selenium yeast increased from 1 mg/kg to 9 mg/kg. Lower nitrogen and phosphorous waste was found in fish fed diets Se0, Se1, Se3, and Se9 than in fish fed diet Se12. Fish fed diet Se3 exhibited the highest activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and lysozyme while the lowest malonaldehyde content in both the liver and kidney. Our results showed that the optimal dietary selenium requirement for triangular bream should be 12.34 mg/kg based on the nonlinear regression on SGR, and fish fed diet Se3 in which selenium concentration (8.24 mg/kg) was close to the optimal requirement displayed the best growth performance, feed nutrient utilization, and antioxidant capacity.
Motion of halo compact objects in the gravitational potential of a low-mass model of the Galaxy

Recently, we determined a lower bound for the Milky Way mass in a point mass approximation. This result was obtained for most general spherically symmetric phase-space distribution functions consistent with a measured radial velocity dispersion. As a stability test of these predictions against a perturbation of the point mass potential, in this paper we make use of a representative of these functions to set the initial conditions for a simulation in a more realistic potential of similar mass and accounting for other observations. The predicted radial velocity dispersion profile evolves to forms still consistent with the measured profile, proving structural stability of the point mass approximation and the reliability of the resulting mass estimate of $2.1\times10^{11}\mathrm{M}_{\odot}$ within $150\,\mathrm{kpc}$. We also find an interesting coincidence with the recent estimates based on the kinematics of the extended Orphan Stream. As a byproduct, we obtain the equations of motion in axial symmetry from a nonstandard Hamiltonian, and derive a formula in the spherical symmetry relating the radial velocity dispersion profile to a directly measured kinematical observable.
A Theory-Based Cellular Automata for the Simulation of Land-Use Change

This study proposes a theory-based cellular automata (CA) in which CA rules are constructed on the basis of a theory of urban land-use change and other local conditions. Rent gap theory that describes urban redevelopment and exogenous conditions that reflect urban development are embedded into a CA to simulate changes of land use. The theoretical framework provides a strong conceptual background for the CA simulation. A case study demonstrates the flexibility of the integrated framework for simulating land-use changes in complex settings. This research aims to help decision-makers formulate appropriate development plans. Este estudio propone un modelo de tipo automata celular (CA) en el cual las reglas CA son construidas en base a una teoria de cambio de uso del suelo urbano, asi como de otras condiciones locales. La teoria de la brecha de renta (rent gap theory), que describe la renovacion urbana y las condiciones exogenas que reflejan el desarrollo urbano es la seleccionada y es integrada al modelo CA de simulacion propuesto. Este marco teorico proporciona una base conceptual solida para la simulacion integrada de CA que es flexible y aplicable en contextos complejos. Esto queda demostrado en el estudio de caso presentado en el articulo. Los resultados de esta investigacion buscan orientar a los tomadores de decisiones hacia la formulacion de planes de desarrollo mas apropiados. 本研究提出一种基于理论的细胞自动机模型(CA),其细胞自动机规则是基于城市土地利用变化理论及其他地方性条件加以构建。 描述了城市再开发的地租级差理论和反映城市发展的外生条件均被整合至CA中以模拟土地利用变化。 该理论框架为CA模拟提供了强有力的概念背景，案例分析显示了该整合框架在复杂设置条件下模拟土地利用变化的灵活性。 本研究旨在帮助决策者制定合适的发展规划。
Segregation and Stability of Binary Granular Mixtures

We measure stability of two-dimensional granular mixtures in a rotating drum and relate grain configurations to stability. For our system, the smaller but smoother grains cluster near the center of the drum, while the larger, rougher grains remain near the outer edge. One consequence of the size segregation is that the smaller grains heavily influence the stability of the heap. We find that the maximum angle of stability is a non-linear function of composition, changing particularly rapidly when small grains are first added to a homogeneous pile of large grains. We conclude that the grain configuration within the central portion of the heap plays a prominent role in stability.