Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficient frequency comb generation in AlGaAs-on-insulator

The combination of nonlinear and integrated photonics enables Kerr frequency comb generation in stable chip-based micro-resonators. Such a comb system will revolutionize applications, including multi-wavelength lasers, metrology, and spectroscopy. Aluminum gallium arsenide (AlGaAs) exhibits very high material nonlinearity and low nonlinear loss. However, difficulties in device processing and low device effective nonlinearity made Kerr frequency comb generation elusive. Here, we demonstrate AlGaAs-on-insulator as a nonlinear platform at telecom wave-lengths with an ultra-high device nonlinearity. We show high-quality-factor ( Q > 10 5 ) micro-resonators where optical parametric oscillations are achieved with milliwatt-level pump threshold powers, which paves the way for on-chip pumped comb generation.
A Task Modeling Method of Intelligent Human–Computer Interaction in Aircraft Cockpits Based on Information Load Flow

Defining how tasks should be performed is an essential prerequisite for designing the next-generation aircraft cockpits with multimodal intelligent human–computer interaction (HCI) modes. To this end, a task modeling method based on information load flow is proposed in this article, namely weighted social network analysis (WSNA). In the WSNA method, the node relation complexity in a weighted social network is quantified based on entropy, and composite matrices are established to describe the association frequency and strength between linked nodes. The performance evaluation indicators are proposed to measure the quality of weighted social networks on node centrality, node strength, network density, and network robustness, which contributes to identify the overload nodes and edges. The transformation rules from traditional modes to intelligent modes are also created as guidelines for application. A case study set in an HCI scenario during the approach phase is given for illustration. The information load and overall performance are compared in these two task modes. The results verify the feasibility of WSNA and thereby provide a solution to planning the HCI tasks in next-generation aircraft cockpits.
Principal Forms of Crowdsourcing and Crowd Work

In recent years, companies have been getting access to larger pools of workers, and the phenomenon of crowdsourcing has emerged as a new pattern of digitally mediated collaboration. In parallel, an ongoing digitalisation has been accelerating the division of labour through hyperspecialisation and giving rise to new forms of work, for example crowd work. This paper illustrates the differences between crowdsourcing as an alternative concept of organizing, and crowd work as a new form of digital gainful work. The variety of crowdsourcing applications on the one hand, and the different forms of crowd work on the other, will be introduced. In summary, more and more individuals decide to work online in the crowd, and those crowds consist of people of any social strata, age or location. Hence, with the rise of crowd work, several opportunities and risks for all of these participants can be observed and need to be addressed.
NOMA Resource Block As A Commodity Box: Content-Centric QoE-Price Interplay In Wireless Multimedia Communications

Wireless multimedia communications is one of the most rapidly growing technologies of the decade. With explosive growth in network traffic, the service providers struggle to provide satisfactory Quality of Experience (QoE) to the users and increase revenue. Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) has been proposed to cater multiple users simultaneously in each resource block by exponentially increasing the network capacity. However, the strategic allocation and trading of NOMA resource blocks are still open issues. In this work, we treat a NOMA resource block as a commodity representing its channel quality and the importance of data it carries. We then chalkup the innovative and appealing QoE-price interplay to promote NOMA resource block trading as a suitable candidate for future-generation wireless mobile networks. The proposed framework benefits both the utilities of users and service providers. The proposed approach is solved by deriving the Nash Equilibrium of the network interactions using a best-response game. Simulations suggests further exploration of the potentials to the adaptation of proposed framework for NOMA wireless multimedia communications.
Flexible and Stretchable Electrically Conductive Polymer Materials for Physical Sensing Applications

Abstract Advances in stretchable and flexible sensors are responding to the emerging demand of wearable and portable smart electronics. A core component of these electronics are tactile sensing devices which detect external stimuli and obtain in-time information from the surroundings. A fusion of electronics, physics and materials science, tactile sensors have great potential in robots, biomedicine, flexible interactive devices, and several other applications. By integrating with a flexible polymer matrix conductive materials (nanometals, carbon nanomaterials, conducting polymers, etc.), which are either embedded in the matrix or surface-coated or sandwiched between films, the resulting conductive polymer-based composites are promising for flexible tactile sensors. This review summarizes recent advances across different types of tactile sensors, including piezoresistive, capacitive, piezoelectric, and triboelectric. Examples are highlighted on how the combination of new materials, unique structure designs, and novel fabrication methods can advance the progress of tactile sensors. Enhanced sensing performance and mechanical properties can be realized by integrating nanomaterials into polymer substrates. This review provides guidelines for further selection of polymer-based materials and design of tactile sensors.
Natural sources as promising future anticancer therapies - A review

Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. The alternative natural therapies are required as they considered to have less toxic side effects compared to current chemotherapy. In the current review Web Science, PubMed, Scopus and Science Direct, were searched to provide information about medicinal plants that have shown anticancer activity against various forms of cancer.
Jaynes-Gibbs Entropic Convex Duals and Orthogonal Polynomials

The univariate noncentral distributions can be derived by multiplying their central distributions with translation factors. When constructed in terms of translated uniform distributions on unit radius hyperspheres, these translation factors become generating functions for classical families of orthogonal polynomials. The ultraspherical noncentral t, normal N, F, and χ2 distributions are thus found to be associated with the Gegenbauer, Hermite, Jacobi, and Laguerre polynomial families, respectively, with the corresponding central distributions standing for the polynomial family-defining weights. Obtained through an unconstrained minimization of the Gibbs potential, Jaynes’ maximal entropy priors are formally expressed in terms of the empirical densities’ entropic convex duals. Expanding these duals on orthogonal polynomial bases allows for the expedient determination of the Jaynes–Gibbs priors. Invoking the moment problem and the duality principle, modelization can be reduced to the direct determination of the prior moments in parametric space in terms of the Bayes factor’s orthogonal polynomial expansion coefficients in random variable space. Genomics and geophysics examples are provided.
Netflix User and Movies Interest Analysis for Asian Countries

Nowadays, Netflix is one of the top content platforms in the world. Netflix distribute different content to the user such us movies and TV shows. Watching this content differ from country to country in term of the type of content. Not much studies has been conducted to get the understanding of viewing interest of the Asian people. The research aims to demonstrate the type of content that is watching in five South-east Asian countries and exploring the different interest of viewing preferences for the Asian countries. The pivot table's applicability is evaluated via Excel and Weka Machine. Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore and Thailand have been selected as the countries to whom the application will be applied. As anticipated, approach must satisfy the accuracy and relative ease of interpretation criteria of the two modules. To accomplish these objectives, all of these techniques substantially deconstructed the findings based on Netflix-Dataset (from Kaggle). From the Weka Machine, Random Forest Classification through regression produce coherent significance between the ROC curve and Precision ReCall Curve and Excel analysis through Pivot Analysis.
Borrowing Arrows With Thatched Boats: Exploiting the Reactive Primary Communications for Boosting Jamming-Assisted Proactive Eavesdropping

This paper investigates a cognitive information surveillance scenario, where a half-duplex legitimate monitor (E) aims to eavesdrop the frequency division multiple access based suspicious downlink broadcasting communication, which shares the same spectrum with a primary downlink broadcasting system. Specifically, the suspicious transmitter (ST) employs water-filling power allocation over all orthogonal frequency bands (FBs) to maximize the sum suspicious communication rate of all suspicious receivers (SRs), while the primary transmitter (PT) purposely maximizes the minimum communication rate among the primary receivers (PRs). Under this setup, we propose one novel jamming-assisted eavesdropping scheme for E to enhance its eavesdropping performance. In our scheme, instead of implementing passive eavesdropping over all FBs, E picks up certain FBs to jam and eavesdrops over the remaining FBs (due to the half-duplex constraint, E cannot eavesdrop over the FBs it decides to jam), and intends to control its transmit jamming beamforming over the jammed FBs, so as to enhance the interference at the corresponding SRs, even deliberately interfere with the corresponding PRs, such that the PT can reactively readjust its power to further strengthen and reduce its interference to the SRs over the jammed and eavesdroppable FBs, respectively. With this fashion, the ST will be deceived to reallocate more power over the eavesdroppable FBs and then E can acquire the better signal receiving quality accordingly. Our objective is to maximize the sum instantaneous eavesdropping rate at E, by jointly optimizing its jamming set and the corresponding jamming beamformers, subject to the constraints of its power budget and the maximum interference (interference temperature, IT) to the primary system. The optimization problem is non-convex and its approximate and sub-optimal solutions are provided by some convex optimization procedures, along with the optimal and greedy jamming set selections. Moreover, we also investigate the issue of sum ergodic eavesdropping rate maximization, and then interestingly reveal that, if E decides to jam, it should optimally jam over only one FB (such FB can be determined via the simple search) with tolerable maximum power and then eavesdrop over the remaining FBs. Our theoretical and simulation analysis reveals that, under the proposed jamming-assisted eavesdropping scheme, i) generally the obtained sum instantaneous (ergodic) eavesdropping rate of the monitor would monotonically increase and then tend to saturation as the monitor's power budget increases; ii) the larger the IT threshold is, the more strength the monitor can borrow from the primary system, thus the eavesdropping performance is better; iii) both the position and the number of transmit antennas of the monitor also play the important roles on the sum eavesdropping rate; iv) with the careful jamming set selection and jamming beamformers design, the proposed scheme achieves significant performance compared to competitive benchmarks.
Printed Monopole with a Distributed Inductor for Penta-Band WWAN Internal Mobile Phone Antenna

The chip-inductor-embedded small-size printed monopole for WWAN (wireless wide area network) operation in the mobile phone has recently been demonstrated [1]. The printed monopole occupies a small area of 15 x 34 mm 2 on the no-ground portion of the main circuit board of the mobile phone and generally shows no thickness above the circuit board, which is very attractive for thin-profile mobile phone or laptop computer applications. The much reduced size of the chipinductor-embedded monopole is mainly owing to the additional inductance contributed by the chip inductor to compensate for the increased capacitance resulting from the decreased resonant length of the monopole [2, 3]. However, with the lumped chip inductor, additional process in the fabrication of the antenna is required, which increases the fabrication cost. In this paper, we present a printed monopole embedded with a printed narrow strip as a distributed inductor for application in the mobile phone to achieve GSM850/900/1800/1900/UMTS penta-band WWAN operation. The printed distributed inductor replaces the lumped chip inductor, leading to an all-printed structure for the proposed small-size monopole applied as an internal WWAN mobile phone antenna. The proposed printed monopole hence can be implemented at low cost. In addition, it has a similar small size as that in [1] for the case of using a lumped chip inductor and can be printed on a no-ground portion of 14 x 40 mm 2 on the main circuit board of the mobile phone (see Fig. 1). Further, the use of a distributed inductor can decrease the possible losses associated with the use of a lumped chip inductor (such as the conductive loss associated with the bending and winding of the strips in the chip inductor and the dielectric loss in the chip element). Detailed effects of the printed distributed inductor on the proposed small-size monopole are studied in this paper. Details of the results are presented and discussed.
Reinforcement learning-based optimised control for a class of second-order nonlinear dynamic systems

This paper presents an optimised tracking control scheme based on reinforcement learning (RL) for a class of second-order nonlinear systems with unknown dynamics. Different from the first-order dynamic system control, the second-order case is required to synchronously steer two variables of position and velocity, hence it makes this optimised control more challenging to accomplish. To achieve the optimised control, first, neural network (NN) is employed to approximate the solution of Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman (HJB), and then an RL is performed by constructing both critic and actor based on the NN approximation. Since the RL training laws are derived from the negative gradient of a simple positive function generated in accordance with the partial derivative of HJB equation, it can make the control algorithm significantly simple to compare with the existing optimal control methods. Meanwhile, it can also release the condition of persistence excitation and compensate for the nonlinear uncertainty. Finally, the proposed adaptive control method can guarantee the desired results that are demonstrated by theorem, proof and simulation.
Characteristics of alveolar macrophages in bronchioalveolar lavage fluids from active tuberculosis patients identified by single-cell RNA sequencing

Tuberculosis (TB), is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis), and presents with high morbidity and mortality. Alveolar macrophages play an important role in TB pathogenesis although there is heterogeneity and functional plasticity. This study aimed to show the characteristics of alveolar macrophages from bronchioalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in active TB patients. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was performed on BALF cells from three patients with active TB and additional scRNA-seq data from three healthy adults were established as controls. Transcriptional profiles were analyzed and compared by differential geneexpression and functional enrichment analysis. We applied pseudo-temporal trajectory analysis to investigate correlations and heterogeneity within alveolar macrophage subclusters. Alveolar macrophages from active TB patients at the single-cell resolution are described. We found that TB patients have higher cellular percentages in five macrophage subclusters. Alveolar macrophage subclusters with increased percentages were involved in inflammatory signaling pathways as well as the basic macrophage functions. The TB-increased alveolar macrophage subclusters might be derived from M1-like polarization state, before switching to an M2-like polarization state with the development ofM. tuberculosis infection. Cell-cell communications of alveolar macrophages also increased and enhanced in active TB patients. Overall, our study demonstrated the characteristics of alveolar macrophages from BALF in active TB patients by using scRNA-seq.
A Digital Communication Twin for Addressing Misinformation: Vision, Challenges, Opportunities

In this article, we propose a novel approach to address the major ethical and societal problem of misinformation on social media. Specifically, how can we identify misinformation, understand how it spreads, and produce effective interventions? Our envisioned solution is sociotechnical in that it relies upon people (specifically community leaders) to push back against the ravages of misinformation but incorporates novel computational support for doing so. Specifically, we envision a digital communication twin platform for misinformation flow in social networks. We present the motivation, components, challenges, and opportunities in the development of this platform. We illustrate the potential for this approach via misinformation about healthcare, which has flourished during the COVID-19 pandemic.
High-efficiency True Bridgeless Totem Pole PFC based on GaN HEMT: Design Challenges and Cost-effective Solution

A true bridgeless Totem-Pole Power-Factor-Correction (TP-PFC) circuit is enabled by a diode-free GaN power HEMT bridge with low reverse-recovery charge. The proposed circuit introduces effective methods to resolve design challenges of current sensing and light load regulation, which can greatly reduce application cost and improve system stability. Experiments have been conducted to verify the proposed high efficiency AC/DC conversion of TP-PFC. Two types of GaN HEMT in TO220 and TO247 packages from Transphorm, Inc. have been successfully used in the proposed TP-PFC in 2 power levels. With 390Vdc output in continuous-current mode, a 1kW TP-PFC reaches 99% peak efficiency at 230V ac high-line input with 50KHz switching frequency, and a 2.4kW TP-PFC reaches 98.8% peak efficiency at high-line input with 100KHz switching frequency.
The Bioinformatical Identification of Potential Biomarkers in Heart Failure Diagnosis and Treatment

Background Heart failure (HF) is defined as the inability of the heart's systolic and diastolic function to properly discharge blood flow from the veins to the heart. The goal of our research is to look into the possible mechanism that causes HF. Methods The GSE5406 database was used for screening the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network were applied to analyze DEGs. Besides, cell counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) was conducted to observe the knockdown effect of hub genes on cell proliferation. Results Finally, 377 upregulated and 461 downregulated DEGs came out, enriched in the extracellular matrix organization and gap junction. According to GSEA results, Hoft cd4 positive alpha beta memory t cell bcg vaccine age 18–45 yo id 7 dy top 100 deg ex vivo up, Sobolev t cell pandemrix age 18–64 yo 7 dy dn, and so on were significantly related to gene set GSE5406. 7 hub genes, such as COL1A1, UBB, COL3A1, HSP90AA1, MYC, STAT3 and MAPK1, were selected from PPI networks. CCK-8 indicated silencing of STAT3 promoted the proliferation of H9C2 cells and silencing of UBB inhibited the proliferation of H9C2 cells. Conclusion Our analysis reveals that COL1A1, UBB, COL3A1, HSP90AA1, MYC, STAT3, and MAPK1 might promote the progression of HF and become the biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment of HF.
How do teachers of primary school approach the music assessment in Chile? Differences and similarities between professors’ experience and ministerial guidelines

Abstract This research reflects the considerations of music teachers when assessing their students, the tools used and their consistency with guidelines issued by the Chilean Ministry of Education, along with theoretical approaches to assessment. In this way, we have analysed the theoretical contribution of renowned scholars such as Pujol, Santos Guerra, Chacón, and Fautley, as well as the music curricula of the Ministry of Education from first to eighth grade. We propose that it is essential to understand the experience of teachers in the assessment process from a constructivist perspective, analysing their agreement or disagreement with the current ministerial theoretical foundations in relation to assessment.
Similar fish species composition despite larger environmental heterogeneity during severe hypoxia in a coastal ecosystem

Abstract Environmental heterogeneity is one of the most influential factors that create compositional variation among local communities. Greater compositional variation is expected when an environmental gradient encompasses the most severe conditions where species sorting is more likely to operate. However, evidence for stronger species sorting at severer environment has typically been obtained for less mobile organisms and tests are scarce for those with higher dispersal ability that allows individuals to sensitively respond to environmental stress. Here, with the dynamics of fish communities in a Japanese bay revealed by environmental DNA metabarcoding analyses as a model case, we tested the hypothesis that larger environmental heterogeneity caused by severe seasonal hypoxia (lower concentration of oxygen in bottom waters in summer) leads to larger variation of species composition among communities. During summer, fish species richness was lower in the bottom layer, suggesting the severity of the hypoxic bottom water. In contrast to the prediction, we found that although the environmental parameters of bottom and surface water was clearly distinct in summer, fish species composition was more similar between the two layers. Our null model analysis suggested that the higher compositional similarity during hypoxia season was not a result of the sampling effect reflecting differences in the alpha or gamma diversity. Furthermore, a shift in the species occurrence from bottom to surface layers was observed during hypoxia season, which was consistent across species, suggesting that the severe condition in the bottom adversely affected fish species irrespective of their identity. These results suggest that larger environmental heterogeneity does not necessarily lead to higher compositional variation once the environmental gradient encompasses extremely severe conditions. This is most likely because individual organisms actively avoided the severity quasi‐neutrally, which induced mass effect‐like dispersal and lead to the mixing of species composition across habitats. By showing counter evidence against the prevailing view, we provide novel insights into how species sorting by environment acts in heterogeneous and severe conditions.