Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Magnitude of isotope/temperature scaling for interpretation of central Antarctic ice cores

[1] The conventional interpretation of ice core deuterium and oxygen 18 isotope profiles based on the use of present-day observations (spatial slope) underestimates glacialinterglacial surface temperature changes in Central Greenland by up to a factor of two. This likely results from changes in the seasonality of the precipitation due to the particular location of the Greenland ice sheet next to the highly variable northern polar front. In this regard the situation is much simpler for central Antarctica and this should be reflected in the temperature interpretation of ice core isotopic records. With this in mind, we closely examine all relevant information, focusing on the East Antarctic Plateau where both model and empirical isotope-temperature estimates are available. We point to the fact that correctly accounting for the influence of ocean isotopic change is important when interpreting deuterium profiles from ice cores in this region. The evidence presently available indicates that, unlike for Greenland, the present-day spatial-slope can probably be taken as a surrogate of the temporal slope to interpret glacial-interglacial isotopic changes at sites such as Vostok and EPICA Dome C. Corresponding temperature changes are within � 10% to +30% of those obtained from the conventional interpretation based on the use of the spatial slope. INDEX TERMS: 1040 Geochemistry: Isotopic composition/ chemistry; 1827 Hydrology: Glaciology (1863); 3344 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Paleoclimatology; 9310 Information Related to Geographic Region: Antarctica; KEYWORDS: water isotopes, temperature estimate, Antarctica, deuterium, oxygen 18
Climatic variability prediction with satellite remote sensing and meteorological data in the South Western Nigeria

Abstract Climatic variability affects both seasonal phenological cycles of vegetation and monthly distribution of rainfall in the south western Nigeria. Variations in vegetation biophysical parameters have been known to be a good indicator of climate variability; hence they are used as key inputs into climate change models. However, understanding the response of vegetation to the influence of climate at both temporal and spatial scales have been a major challenge. This is because most climatic data available are derived from ground-based instruments, which are mainly point measurements and are characterized by sparse network of meteorological stations that lacks the spatial coverage required for climate change investigation. Satellite remote sensing instruments can provide a suitable alternative of time-reliable datasets in a more consistent manner at both temporal and spatial scales. The aim of this study is to test the suitability of one year time series datasets obtained from satellite sensor and meteo.
Sub‐surface signatures of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation

Sub‐surface signatures of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) are identified using expendable bathythermograph (XBT) measurements of temperature from the surface down to a depth of 400 m. Basin averaged temperature anomalies in the North Atlantic at different depths display multidecadal variability with a phase shift between temperature anomalies at the surface and at depth. Westward propagation of temperature anomalies is observable at depth and there is a lag correlation between east‐west and north‐south temperature gradients, with the east‐west temperature gradient leading. These sub‐surface characteristics of the AMO agree with those expected from the noise‐driven internal ocean mode view of the AMO, as derived from a hierarchy of ocean‐atmosphere models.
Self-Organization of Crustal Faulting and Tectonics

Faults form spontaneously and take up much of the strain involved with crustal tectonics. Major faults cut the strong part of the lithosphere. Ductile processes elsewhere in the Earth control their slip rate. They are much weaker than expected for friction within fractured rock at hydrostatic fluid pressure, and are weaker than more slowly slipping faults. Rate and state friction provides a physically grounded formalism explaining why strain localizes within frictional faults and why slip is sometimes unstable, producing earthquakes. The weakness of major faults may be associated with high fluid pressure at depth. Slip, once under way, organizes vertical tectonics so that prograde metamorphism and compaction expel high-pressure water, for example, from the downthrown block of thrusts and subduction zones. Kinks on strike-slip faults locally serve in this manner. A damage rheology may be used to represent the net effect of these processes on lithospheric rheology in fluiddynamic models that represent spontaneous formation and healing of faults.
Precambrian Weathering in Acid Metavolcanic Rocks from the Superior Province, Villebon Township, South-Central Québec

Chloritoid- and kyanite-bearing acid metavolcanic rocks of the Abitibi Greenstone belt have acquired an aluminum surplus by weathering prior to metamorphism. The weathering increases from the top of the volcanic unit downwards, as shown by increasing values for both Niggli-t and the Zr/P ratio. The depositional environment of these rocks is postulated to be either shallow marine or terrestrial.
Crustal structure of the Middle American Trench off Costa Rica from wide‐angle seismic data

Off Costa Rica seismic wide-angle experiments were made using marine seismic sources of high shot density and ocean bottom hydrophones (OBH) and land stations for recording. Three profiles perpendicular to the Middle American Trench (MAT) and one parallel to it are presented here. The coverage from closely spaced OBH, and structural constraints from the coincident near-vertical reflection seismic survey provided detailed velocity depth distributions. Over 4.0 km/s velocities were found directly underlying the thick continental margin sediment in a margin wedge that extends from below the coastal area seaward within 10 km from the MAT axis. The interpretation of the wide-angle data required a low velocity zone (LVZ) between the upper and lower plate, indicating its nature as subducted and underplated sediment. The velocity depth distributions support the hypothesis that the continental margin wedge off Costa Rica is most likely an offshore extension of the Nicoya complex ophiolitic rocks, which are exposed along the coast. The subduction of the sediments seems very efficient and the accretionary prism appears to be confined to the lower slope.
2015 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of pericardial diseases

ADA : adenosine deaminase AMI : acute myocardial infarction ANA : anti-nuclear antibody bFGF : basic fibroblast growth factor CK : creatine kinase CMR : cardiac magnetic resonance CMV : cytomegalovirus CP : Child–Pugh CRP : C-reactive protein CT : computed tomography EBV :
Ray waves in a pit lake

The special basin shape of Island Copper mine pit‐lake and its sharp salinity stratification make it an ideal place to investigate ray waves, or internal wave beams, as the more recent oceanographic literature tends to name the observed phenomenon. A first‐mode internal seiche oscillates the deep water vertically over the regular bench structure of the sidewalls at a distinct frequency. Theoretical considerations show the disturbances result in internal wave beams traversing the stratified water body at a known angle. Steep sidewalls prevent the ray waves from being trapped in the beach zone. Instead the reflection at the extremely strong pycnocline creates a vertical interference pattern. Here we numerically derive the vertical length scale of this interference to be 0.43 m. This scale is in full agreement with the repeated turbulence pattern discovered underneath the pycnocline.
Solid earth tide and observed change in the in situ seismic velocity

Means for the continuous monitoring of seismic phase velocity to precision finer than one part in 104 have been used to detect in situ periodic velocity variations apparently related to solid earth tides. The magnitude of the velocity change implies that the elastic moduli of crustal rock are much more stress sensitive in situ at shallow depths than in laboratory tests on small rock samples.
Seasonal-to-Interannual Prediction of the Asian Summer Monsoon in the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2

AbstractThe NCEP Climate Forecast System (CFS) is an important source of information for seasonal climate prediction in many Asian countries affected by monsoon climate. The authors provide a comprehensive analysis of the prediction of the Asian summer monsoon (ASM) by the new CFS version 2 (CFSv2) using the hindcast for 1983–2010, focusing on seasonal-to-interannual time scales. Many ASM features are well predicted by the CFSv2, including heavy monsoon rainfall centers, large-scale monsoon circulation patterns, and monsoon onset and retreat features. Several commonly used dynamical monsoon indices and their associated precipitation and circulation patterns can be predicted several months in advance. The CFSv2 has better skill in predicting the Southeast Asian monsoon than predicting the South Asian monsoon. Compared to CFS version 1 (CFSv1), the CFSv2 has increased skill in predicting large-scale monsoon circulation and precipitation features but decreased skill for the South Asian monsoon, although some.
Challenging Inclusivity Urban Agriculture and Community Involvement in San Diego

In recent years, destiny of cities has proven to be connected to efficiency and resilience of their ‘Green Infrastructures’, related agri-forestry strategies and health and food security policies.Policy-makers are increasingly dealing with such issues by means of specific sectorial measures including food system arrangements for health and sustainability, even in order to preserve fringe areas threatened by urban growth.Across the US, where ‘food deserts’ heavily shape access to fresh, local and healthy food, the growing consumers’ demand is being addressed by Urban Agriculture practices giving new perspectives to blighted zones of the post-crisis cities and tackling social malaise related to the massive migration.The ‘New Roots Community Farm’ in City Heights neighbourhood, San Diego, California, shows an intriguing potential, matching social inclusion and physical-economic redevelopment.
Mononuclear phagocyte system of the mouse defined by immunohistochemical localization of antigen F4/80. Identification of resident macrophages in renal medullary and cortical interstitium and the juxtaglomerular complex

Macrophages have been identified in mouse kidney by immunohistochemical localization of the macrophage-specific antigen F4/80. They constitute the majority of the renal medullary interstitial cell population and are also found in contact with cortical distal and proximal tubules and Bowman's capsule. They are a physical component of the juxtaglomerular complex.
Not by Bread Alone: Social Support in the New Russia

List of Illustrations Note on Transliteration Preface 1. Transnational Soup 2. Making Do: Everyday Survival in a Shortage Society 3. From Hand to Hand: Informal Networks 4. The Forest Feeds Us: Organic Exchange 5. Strategic Intimacy: Communities of Assistance 6. The Mythology of Hunger 7. Socialism Revisited Epilogue Notes Works Cited Index
Deformation and Metamorphism of the Franciscan Subduction Zone Complex Northwest of Pacheco Pass, California

The Franciscan Complex northwest of Pacheco Pass, California, includes three fault-bounded units, each characterized by a different deformational style and suite of metamorphic mineral assemblages. Structurally highest is jadeitic pyroxene-bearing metagraywacke semischist. The areally extensive Garzas tectonic melange separates the semischist from the structurally lowest pumpellyite-bearing Orestimba metagraywacke. The Garzas melange is representative of Franciscan melanges in general. These mappable bodies have an internal fabric dominated by penetrative, mesoscopic shear fractures and contain tectonic inclusions of all sizes immersed in a pervasively sheared, generally fine-grained matrix. The shear fractures record brittle deformation of consolidated rock bodies. Many melanges contain exotic inclusions, clearly not derived from adjacent units, and metamorphic mineral assemblages and textures indicate that they were metamorphosed before being tectonically mixed with more voluminous, generally lower grade, metagraywacke inclusions. The structural units are grossly sheetlike in external form and are separated from one another by gently to steeply dipping major faults. Unlike low-angle thrusts in imbricated Cordilleran terranes, the faults do not systematically repeat or offset a normal stratigraphic sequence but rather juxtapose rock units that bear no apparent stratigraphic, deformational, or metamorphic relation to one another. The structural units were separately deformed and metamorphosed under a variety of conditions prior to their tectonic juxtaposition during late Mesozoic continental margin subduction. Field and petrographic evidence permit, but do not prove, the hypothesis that both the semischist and exotic, high-grade melange inclusions once were more deeply buried and have been emplaced upward into their present anomalously shallow structural positions.
Hydrogen sulﬁde dilates rat mesenteric arteries by activating endothelial large-conductance Ca 2 (cid:1) -activated K channels and smooth muscle Ca 2 sparks

mesenteric arteries by activating endothelial large-conductance Ca activated K (cid:1) channels and smooth muscle Ca 2 sparks. Am Physiol have previously shown that hydrogen sulﬁde (H 2 S) reduces myogenic tone and causes relaxation of phenylephrine (PE)-constricted mesenteric arteries. This effect of H 2 S to cause vasodilation and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) hyperpolarization was mediated by large-conductance Ca 2 (cid:1) activated potassium channels (BK Ca ). Ca 2 (cid:1) sparks are ryanodine receptor (RyR)-mediated Ca 2 (cid:1) -release events that activate BK Ca channels in VSMCs to cause membrane hyperpolarization and vasodilation. We hypothesized that H 2 S activates Ca 2 (cid:1) sparks in small mesenteric arteries. Ca 2 (cid:1) sparks were measured using confocal mi-croscopy in rat mesenteric arteries loaded with the Ca 2 (cid:1) indicator ﬂuo-4. VSMC membrane potential ( E m ) was measured in isolated arteries using sharp microelectrodes. In PE-constricted arteries, the H 2 S donor NaHS caused vasodilation that was inhibited by ryanodine (RyR blocker), abluminal or luminal iberiotoxin (IbTx, BK Ca blocker), endothelial cell (EC) disruption, and sulfaphenazole [cyto-chrome P -450 2C (Cyp2C) inhibitor]. The H 2 S donor NaHS (10 (cid:2) mol/l) increased Ca 2 (cid:1) sparks but only in the presence of intact EC and this was blocked by sulfaphenazole or luminal IbTx. Inhibiting cystathionine (cid:3) -lyase (CSE)-derived H 2 S with (cid:4) -cyano- L -alanine (BCA) also reduced VSMC Ca 2 (cid:1) spark frequency in mesenteric arteries, as did EC disruption. However, excess CSE substrate homocysteine did not affect spark activity. NaHS hyperpolarized VSMC E m in PE-depolarized mesenteric arteries with intact EC and also hyperpolarized EC E m in arteries cut open to expose the lumen. This hyperpolarization was prevented by ryanodine, sulfaphenazole, and abluminal or luminal IbTx. BCA reduced IbTx-sensitive K (cid:1) currents in freshly dispersed mesenteric ECs. These results suggest that H 2 S increases Ca 2 (cid:1) spark activity in mesenteric artery VSMC through activation of endothelial BK Ca channels and Cyp2C, a novel vasodi- latory pathway for this emerging signaling molecule. 30%. Ca (cid:1) exogenous PE. F/F 15–25 cells, and spark and all ROIs all for each these parameters for each artery. for all in
Red flags useful to screen for gastrointestinal and hepatic diseases in patients with shoulder pain: A scoping review.

INTRODUCTION In most patients, shoulder pain has a neuromusculoskeletal cause. However, it might conceal other types of disorders, hiding a non-neuromusculoskeletal condition. The main aim of this scoping review is to map and summarise findings to identify red flags for gastrointestinal and hepatic diseases in the assessment of patients with shoulder pain. METHODS Five databases were searched up to 31 May 2021. Additional studies have been identified through grey literature, and the reference lists of the included studies have been screened. Any study design and publication type have been considered to be eligible for inclusion. No time, geographical setting and language restrictions have been applied. RESULTS A total of 157 records have been identified, with 40 studies meeting the inclusion criteria (37 case reports, 2 retrospective studies and 1 systematic review with meta-analysis). The most prevalent red flags associated with shoulder pain were abdominal pain (14 cases) and abdominal discomfort (3 cases), reported by 47% of patients. As for comorbidities, hepato-gastric, cardiac, visceral and systemic diseases were the most common ones. CONCLUSION Abdominal pain, right and left hypochondriac pain, and epigastric pain represent the most prevalent symptoms in patients with an abdominal disease that could mimic a shoulder problem. Clinicians should be encouraged to screen for red flags when assessing patients with shoulder pain.
Rock Physics Modeling for Shale Gas Formation Characterization in China

Our study applied a geophysical well log analysis, rock physics diagnostics and rock physics modelling to an exploration well log data from a shale gas exploration area in the Sichuan Basin of South China. The study established an unconsolidated model (80% quartz plus 20% clay in the shale gas formation) transform between the acoustic and elastic impedance on the one hand and lithology, porosity, water saturation, clay content, quartz content, and TOC content on the other hand. Through our geophysical well log analysis, we calculated mineral volumes using best available data, total and effective porosity, water saturation, and bulk density and VS prediction where it was missing. For rock physics modeling, the shale gas formation matrix substitution (Clay, Quartz and TOC) and porosity modeling were performed in this exploration well. Crossplots are also used to analyze the elastic properties of the shale gas formation including VP velocity vs density, Acoustic Impedance (AI) vs total porosity (ΦT), AI vs Poisson’s Ratio (PR), and VP vs VS. The results were quality controlled by core sample laboratory analysis data. To understand seismic effect as a result of rock physics modeling, ray traced synthetic modelling has been applied. The Ray-traced synthetics have been generated for the in situ and modeled scenarios for AVA analysis. These transforms will be upscaled and applied to acoustic and elastic impedance inversion volumes to map lithology, porosity, and TOC distribution in the shale gas exploration area
Future Cooperation Trends in the Building Industry

Advanced forms of cooperation concepts have begun surfacing in the construction industry, inspired by cooperation between companies in other industries. The purpose is often of strategic character and these cooperation forms are hence long-term. These cooperation concepts are striving for continuous improvements in regard of both delivering more value to the client and removing waste in the supply chain. The experiences so far reveal that cost reduction up to 50% and reduction of lead time up to 80% is possible. This could set new standards for the construction industry and raise productivity.
Bayesian spatial models with application to HIV, TB and STI modeling in Kenya.

College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science School of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science Doctor of Philosophy by Ngesa Oscar Owino This dissertation is concerned with developing and extending statistical models in the area of spatial modeling with particular interest towards application to HIV, TB and HSV-2 data. Hierarchical spatial modeling is a common and useful approach for modeling complex spatially correlated data in many settings in epidemiological, public health and ecological studies. Chapter 1 of this thesis gives a chronological development of disease mapping models, from non-spatial to spatial and from single disease models to multiple disease models. In Chapter 2, a new model that relaxes the over-restrictive normal distribution assumption on the spatially unstructured random effect by using the generalised Gaussian distribution is introduced and investigated. The third chapter provides a framework for including sampling weights into the Bayesian hierarchical disease mapping model. In this model, design effect is used to re-scale the sample sizes. A new model for over dispersed spatially correlated binary data is developed in chapter 4 of this thesis; in this model, the over dispersion parameter is modeled by a beta random effect which is allowed to vary spatially also. In chapter 5, the common multiple spatial disease mapping models are reviewed and adopted for the binary data at hand since the original models were developed based on Poisson count data. The methodologies developed in this dissertation widen the toolbox for spatial analysis and disease mapping in applications in epidemiology and public health studies.
Microseismic Characterization of Pore Pressure Change In Laboratory Experiments.

A possibility to characterize pore pressure change by microseismicity analysis was studied with the help of laboratory experiments, in which pore pressure, vertical and horizontal stresses and acoustic emission AE (an analog of microseismic events in real scale) were registered. Synthetic catalogue of AE pulses was calculated based on experimental pore pressure data and the simplest model of the fracturing processes (which is based on suggestion that pore pressure threshold value for fracturing is distributed in accordance with Gaussian error function). A comparison of experimental AE changes and synthetic catalogue shows good correlation between their mean variations and significant difference between their fluctuations. A model is suggested, which can be used to take into account positive feedback between AE activity and pore pressure.
Integral Biomathics: A Post-Newtonian View into the Logos of Bios (On the New Meaning, Relations and Principles of Life in Science)

A fiber optic connector is disclosed, along with a means and method of centering or properly positioning optical fibers with respect to the connectors, for optically coupling a pair of fiber optic cables or a single fiber optic cable and a light source or detector, wherein the cable includes an outer coating and an inner fiber core which may or may not be concentric with the outer coating. A terminal member is provided which includes a body having a through hole extending axially therethrough, the through hole having a first portion extending through a forward mating end of the terminal member and through a boss portion protruding outwardly from the body portion of the terminal member. The first portion is sized to snugly receive a length of the fiber core stripped of the outer coating to properly position the core with respect to the mating end of the terminal member. The through hole has a second portion rearwardly of the first portion which is sized sufficiently larger than the outer coating of the fiber optic cable to accommodate any eccentricity between the fiber core and the coating. The outer coating is fixedly secured within the second portion of the through hole by epoxy, or the like, to maintain the core properly positioned or centered with respect to the forward mating end of the terminal member. The boss portion is removed after the epoxy hardens, leaving the fiber core properly positioned or centered in the terminal member.