Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploring links between climatic predictability and the evolution of within‐ and transgenerational plasticity

In variable environments, phenotypic plasticity can increase fitness by providing tight environment-phenotype matching. However, adaptive plasticity is expected to evolve only when the future selective environment can be predicted based on the prevailing conditions. That is, the juvenile environment should be predictive of the adult environment (within-generation plasticity) or the parental environment should be predictive of the offspring environment (transgenerational plasticity). Here, we test links between environmental predictability and evolution of adaptive plasticity by combining time series analyses and a common garden experiment using temperature as a stressor in a temperate butterfly (Melitaea cinxia). Time series analyses revealed that across season fluctuations in temperature over 48 years is overall predictable. However, within the growing season, temperature fluctuations showed high heterogeneity across years with low autocorrelations and timing of temperature peaks were asynchronous. Most life-history traits showed strong within-generation plasticity for temperature and traits such as body size and growth rate broke the temperature-size rule. Evidence for transgenerational plasticity, however, was weak and detected for only two traits each in an adaptive and non-adaptive direction. We suggest that low predictability of temperature fluctuations within the growing season likely disfavours the evolution of adaptive transgenerational plasticity but instead favours strong within-generation plasticity.
Epidemiologia della schizofrenia: lo stato dell'arte

L'epidemiologia della schizofrenia rappresenta, da molti anni, un'area di particolare pregnanza euristica per l'intera epidemiologia psichiatrica. La prossima pubblicazione, da parte della Organizzazione Mondiale della Sanita, di una monografia su questo tema (Warner & de Girolamo, 1993), che appare in una nuova serie di pubblicazioni relative all'epidemiologia dei maggiori disturbi psichiatrici e psicosociali, fornisce lo spunto per sintetizzare i principali risultati emersi dalle numerose ricerche condotte in questo campo. Va subito sottolineato che la ricerca epidemiologica sulla schizofrenia ha dovuto, da sempre, fare i conti con numerosi ed importanti problemi di carattere metodologico: essi riguardano innanzitutto la variabilita degli approcci diagnostici e classificatori riscontrabili, soprattutto nel passato, tra ricercatori appartenenti a differenti scuole e tradizioni psichiatriche, differenze evidenziatesi molto chiaramente nello studio USA/UK (Cooper et al., 1972) e neH'ormai famoso studio dell'OMS International Pilot Study of Schizophrenia (IPPS) (WHO, 1979). Entrambe queste ricerche misero infatti in luce la tendenza, da parte degli psichiatri statunitensi in era pre DSM-III, ad un approccio iperinclusivo nella diagnosi di questo disturbo, in confronto all'approccio europeo tradizionalmente piu restrittivo, con la conseguenza che
Mainstream popular music research: a musical update

Abstract This article reviews studies that examine internationally circulating music which has reached the upper echelon of all-genre single charts in the 21st century. The examinations will be used as examples for the analysis of sonic aesthetics that are embedded in a particular frame of cultural debate, which the article conceptualises as ‘mainstream popular music’. The research field is then mapped and discussed with regard to prevailing objectives, methods and findings, including elaborations on how future research might advance understanding of the aesthetics within the discourses of mainstream popular music and, thus, of contemporary culture at large. The literature review focuses on music- and listener-based analytical directions and critically reflects on the frequent absence of theoretically well-founded and empirically underpinned, context-sensitive music examinations, particularly with regard to quantitative and audience research. The concluding section calls for a more integrated perspective on mainstream popular music as a discourse and praxis formation.
Development and Application of Natural Colorful Silk Resources

It is introduced systematically the distribution of colorful silk resources in the world and the color genetic controllaw,thedifferences of characteristics between colorful silk and cotton as well as special functions of colorful silk such as moisture etention,bacterial repellency, resistance to oxidation and protection from ultraviolet. It is comprehensively compared the development application and technical methods of colorful silk resources between Japan, China, Thailand, India and ambodia.
Effects of emotional appeals on phishing susceptibility Effects of emotional appeals on phishing susceptibility

The heightened sophistication of phishing attacks results in billions of dollars of financial losses, loss of intellectual property, and reputational damage to organizations. Unlike most studies on phishing that utilize a strict cognitive approach, this study attempts to explore phishing susceptibility with an emotional lens. Using an integrated perspective of emotion, we build on the Affective Information Model (AIM) to predict effects from valence (positive vs. negative), certainty (certain vs. uncertain), and arousal (high arousal vs. low arousal) on phishing susceptibility. We test our hypotheses using a mock phishing experiment (N = 474) and demonstrate that messages inducing positive valence and uncertainty result in higher phishing susceptibility. This study contributes to phishing literature by illuminating the critical role that emotion plays in inducing recipients’ susceptibility in their processing of phishing messages.
Commentary: Managing treatment-resistant polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy – Evolving concepts

Understanding polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) as a variant of neovascular age‐related macular degeneration (AMD) has enormous clinical and prognostic implications in the long term. [1] The pathophysiology of PCV is complex, involving dilation of large choroidal vessels (Haller’s layer) and choroidal venous stasis. Thus, PCV shows different characteristics when compared to exudative AMD. These can have multiple tall retinal pigment epithelium detachments (PEDs), more of exudation, and a high risk of recurrent subretinal hemorrhages which may involve multiple levels (sub‐ retinal pigment epithelium [RPE]/subretinal). [2] The prevalence of PCV depends on the ethnicity – more in Asians than Caucasians. However, it is underreported due to the limited use of indocyanine green (ICG) angiography. Role of ICG angiography has re‐emerged in the diagnosis and monitoring of non‐responding patients of AMD and pachychoroid disorders. It has become the gold standard to detect polyps in PCV. Video ICG angiography reveals the presence of distinct focal hypercyanescent lesions appearing before 6 min, which are pulsatile and associated with hypocyanescent halo. A branched vascular network (BVN) may also be present. In the absence of ICG angiography, optical coherence tomography (OCT) shows distinct findings in PCV, which include thumb‐like PEDs, notched PEDs, and “double‐layer sign” due to the presence of BVN, subretinal fluid, and thickened choroid. Enface imaging using OCT angiography (OCTA) has an immense role in providing details about retinal and choroidal microcirculation like BVN. Slow‐flowing lesions like polyps of PCV can be missed on OCTA. [1] The standard of care for the management of PCV is anti‐vascular endothelial growth factor (anti‐VEGF) therapy alone or in combination with verteporfin photodynamic therapy (PDT). [3,4] PLANET trial has shown that intravitreal aflibercept monotherapy can provide good visual/functional outcomes without the need for PDT. [3] There are no definitive genetic markers to predict anti‐VEGF resistance. Various phenotypic biomarkers can predict response to anti‐VEGF therapy to some extent. Some authors have identified PCV (subretinal neovascularization with aneurysmal dilations) as a strong biomarker for anti‐VEGF resistance, more in Caucasian ethnicity than Asians. [5]
EXTENDED SHORT-TERM LOAD FORECASTING PRINCIPLE AND METHOD

The loads collected yesterday were used to predict the loads tomorrow in conventional short-term load forecasting concept. The load data currently collected were not adopted in conventional method. In order to meet the requirement of electricity marketing in China, a new concept of Extended Short-Term Load Forecasting is defined in this paper. A new forecasting mode is designed so that the historical load information just collected can be utilized by this method to refresh the forecasted loads of the rest periods in current day. An integrated optimization model is presented and a method to select optimal weights in the forecasting model is given. Operation practice of the method applied to a practical power utility shows that an accuracy improvement of more than 2% has been achieved by the proposed method. Possible areas of application of this method are also discussed.
Modeling and Control of a Paper Dryer Section Using Modelica

The main purpose of this project has been to model one steam heated cylinder, which was taken as part of a drying section, moreover the design and structure of an existing process has been taken in consideration. To develop this work ModelicaTM software has been used. Particular attention has been paid to reproduce the two time constants behavior of the dynamics in the pressure control loop. This behavior has been observed in existing industrial processes. Other dynamics in the system include; fluid dynamics concerning momentum flow, convective heat flow and pressure, heat dynamics concerning heat flow and temperature inside the cylinder shell has been included. The basic control volume, flow and medium models are all inherited from the ``ThermoFlow'' library, which is still under development in this department. The control is done via a PI controller, the lambda tuning method is applied to tune it. The performance of the whole system was improved. The main contribution of his thesis is to link previous works, which concern paper web modeling and others that concern modeling of thermo--hydraulic systems. The project has been done in collaboration with the ABB company. (Less)
The DREADDful Hurdles and Opportunities of the Chronic Chemogenetic Toolbox

The chronic character of chemogenetics has been put forward as one of the assets of the technique, particularly in comparison to optogenetics. Yet, the vast majority of chemogenetic studies have focused on acute applications, while repeated, long-term neuromodulation has only been booming in the past few years. Unfortunately, together with the rising number of studies, various hurdles have also been uncovered, especially in relation to its chronic application. It becomes increasingly clear that chronic neuromodulation warrants caution and that the effects of acute neuromodulation cannot be extrapolated towards chronic experiments. Deciphering the underlying cellular and molecular causes of these discrepancies could truly unlock the chronic chemogenetic toolbox and possibly even pave the way for chemogenetics towards clinical application. Indeed, we are only scratching the surface of what is possible with chemogenetic research. For example, most investigations are concentrated on behavioral read-outs, whereas dissecting the underlying molecular signature after (chronic) neuromodulation could reveal novel insights in terms of basic neuroscience and deregulated neural circuits. In this review, we highlight the hurdles associated with the use of chemogenetic experiments, as well as the unexplored research questions for which chemogenetics offers the ideal research platform, with a particular focus on its long-term application.
Reliability Optimal Design of Aerospace Image Sensor Circuit System

When designing a space image sensor circuit system,in order to meet stringent reliability requirements,optimization design of the circuit system has been done.Different system schemes are designed.Reliability models of these designs are built using probability theory and Boolean truth method.Specific reliability value calculation is performed respectively.To reflect the failure situation of system more scientifically and rationally,the concept of comprehensive failure rate is proposed and its mathematical definition is given.By comparing the failure rate,number of devices in the system,project complexity and space,the pros and cons of the various schemes are evaluated.It provides the basis of space sensor systems design and effective methods of optimization,improves the reliability of the system.This approach is a good reference for the aerospace electronic systems design.
Need for New Islanding Detection Schemes and Prioritization with Generator Grid Code Requirements

New and forthcoming grid codes increasingly require fault-ride-through capabilities as well as utility grid supporting functionalities from distributed generators. However, these grid code requirements have been made mainly from transmission network stability point of view and less attention has been paid on potential effects on islanding detection and protection of distribution networks. Therefore, conflicts between traditional passive islanding detection methods, like voltage vector shift, and new grid code requirements may potentially exist. In this paper comparison of simultaneous values and behavior of frequency, rate-of-change-of-frequency and voltage vector shift was done by PSCAD simulations taking simultaneously into account generator grid code requirements. Simulation results confirmed that prioritization challenges between traditional passive islanding detection methods and grid code requirements are possible. Therefore, different prioritization possibilities including their benefits or drawbacks are presented at the end of the paper.
Curcumin in Retinal Diseases: A Comprehensive Review from Bench to Bedside

Recent evidence in basic science is leading to a growing interest in the possible role of curcumin in treating retinal diseases. Curcumin has been demonstrated to be able to modulate gene transcription and reduce ganglion cell apoptosis, downgrade VEGF, modulate glucose levels and decrease vascular dysfunction. So far, the use of curcumin has been limited by poor bioavailability; to overcome this issue, different types of carriers have been used. Multiple recent studies disclosed the efficacy of using curcumin in treating different retinal conditions. The aim of this review is to comprehensively review and discuss the role of curcumin in retinal diseases from bench to bedside.
Vehicle Routing Optimization Based on Multimedia Communication and Intelligent Transportation System

With the maturity and popularity of network technology and multimedia technology, more and more communication tools and means have entered people’s lives. The usual communication tools are often limited to the ability to transmit sound signals. This method does not well express the information between the two parties in some special occasions, such as a noisy environment, where both parties have language or hearing impairments. The multimedia communication system is a technology that combines network communication and multimedia. It utilizes the efficiency of data transmission over the network and the diversity of information in multimedia, making communication between people faster, clearer, and more intuitive. The multimedia communication system is an important part of the application to the intelligent transportation system. Intelligent transportation system is a systematic, real-time, accurate, interactive, and extensive traffic management system established by the comprehensive use of modern high and new technology in the transportation system. With these characteristics, intelligent transportation system has increasingly become an important means to solve modern traffic problems. Based on multimedia communication and intelligent transportation system, this article optimizes the vehicle path and realizes the application of intelligent transportation. The proposed intelligent transportation system realizes functions, such as vehicle speed detection, vehicle behavior semantic analysis, license plate recognition by processing video data, and image data acquired based on multimedia communication, and can capture illegal vehicles and then identify illegal vehicles. The license plate is conducive to promoting the management and control of intelligent transportation and reducing the occurrence of traffic accidents.
Response of maize yield to nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulphur rates on Andosols and Nitisols in Ethiopia

Summary The use of fertilizers in balanced and adequate amounts is a prerequisite for increasing crop productivity and production. Unbalanced plant nutrient management continues to be a major factor contributing to low maize (Zea mays L.) yields due to lack of information on the dose–responses to macronutrients on different soil types in Ethiopia. This study was carried out to quantify maize yield response and agronomic efficiency of varying application rates of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and sulphur (S) under balanced application of other nutrients across two soil types in Ethiopia. Field trials were set up on 29 farmers’ fields in four districts of Oromia and Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Region (SNNPR) for three consecutive cropping seasons (2014–2017). The treatments consisted of six rates of N, P and S each and eight rates of K combined with balanced application of the remaining macronutrients, zinc (Zn) and boron (B). The treatments were laid out in randomised complete blocks design with three replicates per farm. Using nutrient dose–response modelling, the agronomic optimum rates of N, P, K and S were estimated at 46, 40, 17 and 10 kg ha−1 on Nitisols, with balanced application of the other nutrients. On Andosols, the optimum rates of N, P and S were estimated at 184, 20 and 30 kg ha−1, respectively, but the optimum K rate could not be estimated. The predicted maximum yields obtained with balanced nutrient application were lower on Andosols (3397–3640 kg ha−1) than on Nitisols (4630–6094 kg ha−1). Using the Mitscherlich dose–response model, the percentage deficiencies of N, P, K and S were estimated to be 1.3–3.3 times more on Nitisols than Andosols. Consequently, agronomic efficiencies of N, P, K and S were significantly lower on Andosols than on Nitisols. It is concluded that balanced application of 46 kg N ha−1, 40 kg P ha−1, 17 kg K ha−1, 10 kg ha−1 S, 2 kg Zn ha−1 and 0.5 kg B ha−1 could be recommended for maize on Nitisols in the study area. Although this recommendation may also apply to Andosol, further research is needed as the productivity of Andosols appears to be limited by constrains other than N, P, K, S, Zn and B. We also recommend a shift from the blanket fertilizer recommendations to site-specific nutrient management based on good understanding of the variations in crop response with soil type and agroecology and appropriate soil and plant analyses.
Power supply capability evaluation of AC/DC hybrid distribution network considering charging-swapping-storage integrated station

With the development of DC distribution technology, electric vehicles and renewable energy will be more efficient access to the grid. In this paper, a model of power supply capability evaluation is proposed, which takes the electric vehicle chargingswapping-storage integrated station and AC/DC hybrid distribution network into account. Firstly, the battery charging station model is built based on the driving behavior characteristics of electric vehicle fast charging users, and then the model of battery swapping station is established combined with urban road traffic model. Finally, the model of electric vehicle charging-swapping-storage integrated station is completed by combining the model of energy storage station. In the AC/DC hybrid distribution network with wind turbine, photovoltaic and integrated station, a power supply capability evaluation model is established. The model is a nonlinear nonconvex mixed integer programming problem, which could be transformed into a mixed integer second-order cone convex optimization problem. The model could be efficiently solved by commercial solver by using linearization and second-order cone relaxation techniques. Taking the modified IEEE33 test system as an example, the effectiveness and rationality of the proposed model are verified by combining with the actual road traffic situation in a certain area.
Predictive Model Using a Machine Learning Approach for Enhancing the Retention Rate of Students At-Risk

Student retention is a widely recognized challenge in the educational community to assist the institutes in the formation of appropriate and effective pedagogical interventions. This study intends to predict the students at-risk of low performances during an on-going course, those at-risk of graduating late than the tentative timeline and predicting the capacity of students in a campus. The data constitutes of demographics, learning, academic and educational related attributes which are suitable to deploy various machine learning algorithms for the prediction of at-risk students. For class balancing, Synthetic Minority Over Sampling Technique, is also applied to eliminate the imbalance in the academic award-gap performances and late/timely graduates. Results reveal the effectiveness of the deployed techniques with Long short-term Memory (LSTM) outperforming other models for early prediction of at-risk students. The main contribution of this work is a machine learning approach capable of enhancing the academic decision making related to student performance.