Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Salicylic, Folic and Ascorbic Acid Treatment on Shelf Life Quality of Broccoli Florets

This study aims to investigate the effect of Salicylic acid (2 mM), Folic acid (5 mg L−1) and Ascorbic acid (2 mM) treatments on the shelf life and quality of 'Belstar F1' broccoli variety. Treated broccoli heads were stored at 21±2˚C for 4 days in plastic containers with lids. It is determined that at the end of the storage period, the lowest weight loss (2.74%), total soluble solids (8.07%), pH value (7.14) and the highest amount of titratable acidity (0.12%) were found in the group treated with ascorbic acid and the least change in color parameters (L*; 29.41, a*; -4.59, b*; 10.78) and the highest total chlorophyll content (0.32 mg/g) in the group treated with folic acid. It is thought that the effects of ascorbic acid, salicylic acid and folic acid treatment at postharvest storage period should be investigated in detail in molecular and biochemical studies for more concrete data.
Temperature and Precipitation Diversely Control Seasonal and Annual Dynamics of Litterfall in a Temperate Mixed Mature Forest, Revealed by Long‐Term Data Analysis

Litterfall is a good indicator of overall forest functions in forest ecosystems. Globally, forest litterfall has been extensively investigated, however, there is a lack of long‐term data analysis to show the various litterfall components in relation to environmental factors on the monthly and yearly scales. Here, monthly (May–October) and annual (1981–2018) litterfall including leaves, twigs, bark, reproductive, and miscellaneous fractions were collected in a mixed mature Pinus koraiensis forest on Changbai Mountain in Northeast, China, across 30 years. Based on these long‐term litterfall data, we analyzed the seasonal and annual variations in different litterfall fractions and the internal/external drivers. We observed that both the leaf and total litterfall exhibited a strong, similar seasonal pattern, with the highest levels between September and October, and the annual litterfall had an “S‐shaped” increasing pattern from 1981 to 2018. The other litterfall fractions showed distinct monthly and yearly fluctuations across the 30 years. Mean monthly evapotranspiration and temperature (minimum and maximum) were the best predictors for monthly litterfall. By contrast, the models that best predicted the annual litterfall production included mean annual precipitation and mean monthly precipitation and temperature in May and October. Our study, using a unique dataset of detailed long‐term litterfall dynamics, has potentially major significance for enhancing our understanding of the role of climatic factors controlling forest litterfall amount and seasonality in temperate mixed mature forests. This insight is of paramount importance for modeling and estimating soil carbon sequestration and nutrient cycling of temperate forests under climate change.
In Situ Embedding Synthesis of Highly Stable CsPbBr3/CsPb2Br5@PbBr(OH) Nano/Microspheres through Water Assisted Strategy

The disappointing stability of perovskites, especially in water, remains a key issue hindering their further commercialization. Here, CsPbBr3/CsPb2Br5@PbBr(OH) (PQDs@PbBr(OH)) nano/microspheres with superior stability and outstanding photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY, ≈98%) are fabricated through a water‐assisted process. The nano/microspheres can maintain excellent photoluminescence (PL) intensity and high PLQY (≈90%) when immersed in water for more than 18 months. By changing the water content in the reaction mixture, the phase, particle size, and PL peaks of the nano/microspheres will change. Compared with CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6 nanocrystals synthesized without water, PQDs@PbBr(OH) nano/microspheres exhibit better thermal stability, photostability, and superior stability in water. Based on the first‐principles calculations, the enhanced stability results from PbBr(OH) with high decomposition enthalpy in water, which can effectively prevent water from contacting PQDs embedded in it. Moreover, white light‐emitting diodes are fabricated by mixing green‐emitting PQDs@PbBr(OH) powder and K2SiF6:Mn4+ (KSF) red phosphor on a 460 nm blue chip and the device shows a high luminous efficacy of 101.27 lm W−1 at 10 mA. This work not only provides a reliable method for the facile preparation of ultrastable perovskites, but also has great potentials for future practical applications.
The Roots of Redlining: Academic, Governmental, and Professional Networks in the Making of the New Deal Lending Regime

Racial segregation and racial inequality fundamentally shaped U.S. cities in the twentieth century and are key to understanding the American social and political landscape. A particularly notorious tool for promoting segregation has been redlining—the targeted denial of home mortgages and other financial supports according to presumed risk. Institutional-ized by the Home Owners’ Loan Corporation (holc) and adopted by the Federal Housing Administration (fha), historical redlining defined the riskiness of investing in urban neighborhoods based on demographics, infrastructure, housing quality, neighborhood sta-bility, and proximity to amenities or hazards such as manufacturing. holc’s assessment of urban neighborhoods in the 1930s was racially and ethnically discriminatory. It used the power of the federal government to formalize patterns of segregation and discrimination. 1 The work of journalists, public intellectuals, and public-facing digital projects has joined scholarly research on redlining, creating a wider awareness than when the phe-nomenon first came to light in the 1970s. Two related issues have dominated this discussion: the culpability of the federal government versus private industry in formulating redlining practices, and the priority of race in these discriminatory assessments. Urban historians have followed the lead of Kenneth Jackson, who embedded these dual concerns into the conversation from the outset. Fighting lending discrimination, activists and their academic allies had previously placed the blame squarely on private actors such as banks, seeking redress through the 1977 Community Reinvestment Act. However, Jackson’s discovery of redlining maps produced for holc’s City Survey (1935–1940) provided dramatic new evidence of government culpability. The explicit racial and ethnic biases that holc valuators expressed in their accompanying neighborhood descriptions offered a shocking confirmation of the hierarchical ranking of certain lending This article reframes the debate by examining the intellectual origins of real estate economics, how the resulting theories were channeled into collaborations with real estate professionals, and how the collaborators implemented them as federal policy, thereby restructuring the private real estate sector. In the work of the Institute for Research in Land Economics, founded by Richard T. Ely, we identify robust networks among academia, private industry, and government that developed, implemented, and spread these ideas. That to elaborate
Framework for the Introduction of Vehicle-to-Grid Technology into the Polish Electricity Market

Vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology is one of the advanced solutions that uses electric vehicles (EV) to balance electricity demand in the power system. It can be particularly useful in analyzing and then mitigating the risk of not delivering electricity to the end user. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the possibility of operation of this technology in the legal framework. The article presents the analysis of the legal status in Poland, referring to the documents of the European Union and domestic legislation. Potential changes in Polish energy law that could facilitate the implementation of V2G technology are also proposed. In addition, the authors suggested the principles for the use of this technology, formulating a mechanism called the V2G Program. Within this Program, the V2G Service was defined and a business model of its implementation by a participant of the V2G Program (uEV) was presented. In addition, an uEV selection algorithm is provided so that the mathematical model of the V2G Service can be validated. Based on the performed simulations, it can be concluded that the implementation of the V2G Program requires significant changes in the Polish energy law, but it is feasible from the technical point of view.
Catalytic oxidation using nitrous oxide

Nitrous oxide is a very inert gas used generally as oxidant as it offers some advantage compared with other oxidants such as O 2 but a considerably higher temperature (> 526 °C) is often required. For particular cases such as the oxidation of sugar alcohols, especially for the oxidation of primary alcohols to aldehydes, N 2 O has the advantage over O 2 of a higher reaction selectivity. In the present paper we present the modelling of oxidation reaction of sugar alcohols using an oxidizing agent in low concentrations, which is important to suppress subsequent oxidation reactions due to the very low residual concentrations of the oxidizing agent. For orientation experiments we chose nitrous oxide generated by thermal decomposition of ammonium nitrate. Kinetic modeling of the reaction was performed after determination of the differential equations that describe the system under study.
Intermediate Phase‐Change States with Improved Cycling Durability of Sb2S3 by Femtosecond Multi‐Pulse Laser Irradiation

Sb2S3 has great potential to become a good phase‐change material for visible and near‐infrared wavebands due to its low loss and high refractive index contrast, so great interest lies in the technology development. This work investigates the intermediate phase‐change states and their cycling durabilities by employing a continuous‐wave laser for crystallization and a femtosecond laser for amorphization. By considering stratified partial amorphization due to non‐uniform intensity distribution along propagation in a film, a double‐layer model is proposed to describe intermediate states, which fits experimental data better than the mixture models in effective medium approximation. The phase‐change degree is then defined as the ratio of the amorphization depth to the total film thickness, which can be controlled by combination of the pulse energy and the number of pulses in multi‐pulse femtosecond laser irradiation for amorphization. The cycling durability is improved by reducing pulse energy and increasing the number of pulses. The experimentally achieved maximum cycling durabilities are 30, 1000, and 7000 cycles for 90%, 60%, and 20% phase‐change degrees. The implementation of intermediate states with improved cycling durability may promote the development of Sb2S3‐based reconfigurable photonic devices.
A “Sodium Drug” for Generalized Epilepsy? A Mystery That Still Needs to be Solved

Objective: To evaluate efficacy and safety of lacosamide (up to 12 mg/kg/day or 400 mg/day) as adjunctive treatment for uncontrolled primary generalised tonic-clonic seizures (PGTCS) in patients (≥4 years) with idiopathic generalised epilepsy (IGE). Methods: Phase 3, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial (SP0982; NCT02408523) in patients with IGE and PGTCS taking 1-3 concomitant antiepileptic drugs. Primary outcome was time to second PGTCS during 24-week treatment. Results: 242 patients were randomised and received ≥ 1 dose of trial medication (lacosamide/placebo: n = 121/n = 121). Patients (mean age: 27.7 years; 58.7% female) had a history of generalised-onset seizures (tonic-clonic 99.6%; myoclonic 38.8%; absence 37.2%). Median treatment duration with lacosamide/placebo was 143/65 days. Risk of developing a second PGTCS during 24-week treatment was significantly lower with lacosamide than placebo (Kaplan-Meier survival estimates 55.27%/33.37%; HR .540, 95% CI 0.377 to .774; P < .001; n = 118/n = 121). Median time to second PGTCS could not be estimated for lacosamide (>50% of patients did not experience a second PGTCS) and was 77.0 days for placebo. Kaplan-Meier estimated freedom from PGTCS at end of the 24-week treatment period (day 166) for lacosamide/placebo was 31.3%/17.2% (difference 14.1%; P = .011). More patients on lacosamide than placebo had ≥ 50% (68.1%/46.3%) or ≥ 75% (57.1%/36.4%) reduction from baseline in PGTCS frequency/28 days, or observed freedom from PGTCS during treatment (27.5%/13.2%) (n = 119/n = 121). 96/121 (79.3%) patients on lacosamide had treatment-emergent adverse events (placebo 79/121 (65.3%)), most commonly dizziness (23.1%), somnolence (16.5%), headache (14.0%). No patients died during the trial. Conclusions: Lacosamide was efficacious and generally safe as adjunctive treatment for uncontrolled PGTCS in patients with IGE.
GloBiMapsAI: An AI-Enhanced Probabilistic Data Structure for Global Raster Datasets

In the last decade, more and more spatial data has been acquired on a global scale due to satellite missions, social media, and coordinated governmental activities. This observational data suffers from huge storage footprints and makes global analysis challenging. Therefore, many information products have been designed in which observations are turned into global maps showing features such as land cover or land use, often with only a few discrete values and sparse spatial coverage like only within cities. Traditional coding of such data as a raster image becomes challenging due to the sizes of the datasets and spatially non-local access patterns, for example, when labeling social media streams. This article proposes GloBiMap, a randomized data structure, based on Bloom filters, for modeling low-cardinality sparse raster images of excessive sizes in a configurable amount of memory with pure random access operations avoiding costly intermediate decompression. In addition, the data structure is designed to correct the inevitable errors of the randomized layer in order to have a fully exact representation. We show the feasibility of the approach on several real-world datasets including the Global Urban Footprint in which each pixel denotes whether a particular location contains a building at a resolution of roughly 10m globally as well as on a global Twitter sample of more than 220 million precisely geolocated tweets. In addition, we propose the integration of a denoiser engine based on artificial intelligence in order to reduce the amount of error correction information for extremely compressive GloBiMaps.
Gut Microbiome Diversity and Specific Composition During Immunotherapy in Japanese Responders with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Cancer immunotherapy including immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) has revolutionized non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) therapy. Recently, the microbiome status before initiation of ICI therapy has been emphasized as a predictive biomarker in patients undergoing ICI therapy. However, the microbiome diversity and composition during ICI therapy is unknown. This multicenter, prospective observational study analyzed both saliva and feces from 28 patients with NSCLC. We performed 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing, then analyzed associations of oral and gut microbiome diversity or composition with ICI response. Seventeen patients (responders) had a partial ICI response, and the remaining 11 patients (non-responders) had stable or progressive disease. At the genus level, the alpha diversity of the gut microbiome was significantly greater in ICI responders than in non-responders (Chao 1, p = 0.0174; PD whole tree, p = 0.0219; observed species, p = 0.0238; Shannon, p = 0.0362), while the beta diversity of the gut microbiome was significantly lower in ICI responders (principal coordinates analysis, p = 0.035). Compositional differences in the gut microbiome were observed between the two groups; in particular, Blautia was enriched in ICI responders, whereas RF32 unclassified was enriched in ICI non-responders. There were no significant differences between groups in the oral microbiome. This study revealed a strong association between gut microbiome diversity and ICI response in Japanese NSCLC patients. Moreover, specific gut microbiome compositions may influence the ICI response. These findings might be useful in identifying biomarkers to predict ICI response, as well as in developing biotic therapies to enhance the ICI response.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN YEAST (Candida apicola) PADA SOSIS FERMENTASI DAGING DOMBA TERHADAP KUALITAS FISIK, KIMIA DAN AKSEPTABILITAS

Lamb is one of the animals livestock that is less desirable for consumption by some people because it has a distinctive flavour that affected it when were eating, called the smell is "prengus". Processing lamb into fermented sausage can remove the”prengus” smell. The addition of Candida apicola yeast to fermented sausages can improve quality and increase shelf life of product. This research aimed to find out the effect of adding Yeast Candida apicola on Physicochemical Properties and acceptability of Fermented Lamb Sausage. This research used experimental method with Completely Random Design with 3 levels of concentration factor 0,5%, 1%, 1,5% and 2%, and each treatment with 5 replication. The research showed addition of 2% yeast Candida apicola was had the best tenderness value 73.44 mm/sec/gram, 54,93% of water content, 9,21% of lipid content, 18,36% of protein content and also produced acceptability the most preferred flavour, taste and total acceptanc e.
Problematic Use of ICTs in Trainee Teachers during COVID-19: A Sex-Based Analysis

The excessive use of ICTs is a growing problem among young people. The social isolation caused by COVID-19 can increase these inappropriate behaviour. This study aims at analysing the problematic use of ICTs in trainee teachers based on the gender variable before and after the COVID-19 lockdown based on the gender variable. A longitudinal panel design was carried out with pre-test and post-test measurements based on the gender variable. The sample consisted of 147 students from the Faculty of Education at the University of Malaga who were tested using a validated instrument: MULTICAGE-TIC. The results show that women used ICTs at a higher risk than men before lockdown, except for video games. During lockdown, men obtain higher scores than women in all the analysed ICTs (except for mobile phones). Both genders reach dependency level in all ICTs except for video games in women. The significant increase in all ICTs shows that the effects of the pandemic, such as restrictions on mobility and social interaction, have influenced such growth.
Identifying General Stress in Commercial Tomatoes Based on Machine Learning Applied to Plant Electrophysiology

Automated monitoring of plant health is becoming a crucial component for optimizing agricultural production. Recently, several studies have shown that plant electrophysiology could be used as a tool to determine plant status related to applied stressors. However, to the best of our knowledge, there have been no studies relating electrical plant response to general stress responses as a proxy for plant health. This study models general stress of plants exposed to either biotic or abiotic stressors, namely drought, nutrient deficiencies or infestation with spider mites, using electrophysiological signals acquired from 36 plants. Moreover, in the signal processing procedure, the proposed workflow reuses information from the previous steps, therefore considerably reducing computation time regarding recent related approaches in the literature. Careful choice of the principal parameters leads to a classification of the general stress in plants with more than 80% accuracy. The main descriptive statistics measured together with the Hjorth complexity provide the most discriminative information for such classification. The presented findings open new paths to explore for improved monitoring of plant health.
Bioassay-Guided Detection and Identification of an Antibacterial Compound from Greater Burdock

In this study, the antibacterial profiling of the ethanolic leaf extract of greater burdock (Arctium lappa L.) is demonstrated, applying thin-layer chromatography (TLC) coupled bioassays against the Gram-positive soil bacterium Bacillus subtilis and the Gram-negative pepper pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola. The main active component was isolated by eluting from the adsorbent bed and subjected to a targeted characterization by high-performance liquid chromatography—diode array detection—electrospray ionisation—mass spectrometry. The identification of the germacranolide sesquiterpene lactone onopordopicrin was based on its retardation factor, bioactivity in TLC-based methods, and retention tim as well as ultraviolet (UV) and mass spectra, compared to those of the reference substance isolated earlier in our laboratory from Onopordum acanthium leaf.
MOTIVACIÓN, AUTOCONFIANZA Y ANSIEDAD EN JUDO: SEXO Y NIVEL COMPETITIVO

El objetivo del estudio fue identificar las posibles diferencias a nivel de motivación, autoconfianza y ansiedad que puedan existir en función del sexo y el nivel competitivo de dos grupos de judokas (Grupo de alto rendimiento y Grupo de especialización). Se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal. Se administraron el Competitive State Anxiety Inventory (CSAI-2R) y el Behavioral Regulation in Sport Questionnaire (BRSQ) 10 minutos antes de entrar los judocas al tatami, el día de la competición. Los resultados revelaron diferencias a nivel de ansiedad somática (intensidad), observándose esta más elevada en las mujeres que en los hombres. Se encontraron también diferencias significativas en la variable autoconfianza (intensidad), mostrando los judokas del equipo nacional valores más elevados que los de especialización. No se encontraron diferencias en las variables motivación y autoconfianza en función del sexo, ni en las variables motivación y ansiedad en la comparativa entre ambos grupos.
Tm3+-doped barium gallo-germanate glass single-mode fiber with high gain per unit length for ultracompact 1.95 µm laser

Heavily Tm3+-doped barium gallo-germanate glass single-mode (SM) fibers were successfully drawn. A gain per unit length of 3.6 dB/cm at 1.95 µm was obtained. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest gain per unit length reported for Tm3+-doped germanate glass SM fibers. A single-frequency fiber laser operating at 1.95 µm has been built using a 1.5-cm-long active fiber pumped by a 1568 nm fiber laser. The direct output power from the ultracompact laser cavity is 227 mW. The results show that the fibers are highly promising for high-power and ultracompact single-frequency laser applications.