Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Economic Value of Lost Productivity Attributable to Human Papillomavirus Cancer Mortality in the United States

Objectives: To estimate years of potential life lost (YPLL) and present value of future lost productivity (PVFLP) associated with premature mortality due to HPV-attributable cancers, specifically those targeted by nonavalent HPV (9vHPV) vaccination, in the United States (US) before vaccine use. Methods: YPLL was estimated from the reported number of deaths in 2017 due to HPV-related cancers, the proportion attributable to 9vHPV-targeted types, and age- and sex-specific US life expectancy. PVFLP was estimated as the product of YPLL by age- and sex-specific probability of labor force participation, annual wage, value of non-market labor, and fringe benefits markup factor. Results: An estimated 7,085 HPV-attributable cancer deaths occurred in 2017 accounting for 154,954 YPLL, with 5,450 deaths (77%) and 121,226 YPLL (78%) attributable to 9vHPV-targeted types. The estimated PVFLP was $3.3 billion for cancer deaths attributable to 9vHPV-targeted types (86% from women). The highest productivity burden was associated with cervical cancer in women and anal and oropharyngeal cancers in men. Conclusions: HPV-attributable cancer deaths are associated with a substantial economic burden in the US, much of which could be vaccine preventable.
Understanding Users' Satisfaction towards Public Transit System in India: A Case-Study of Mumbai

In this work, we present a novel approach to understand the quality of public transit system in resource constrained regions using user-generated contents. With growing urban population, it is getting difficult to manage travel demand in an effective way. This problem is more prevalent in developing cities due to lack of budget and proper surveillance system. Due to resource constraints, developing cities have limited infrastructure to monitor transport services. To improve the quality and patronage of public transit system, authorities often use manual travel surveys. But manual surveys often suffer from quality issues. For example, respondents may not provide all the detailed travel information in a manual travel survey. The survey may have sampling bias. Due to close-ended design (specific questions in the questionnaire), lots of relevant information may not be captured in a manual survey process. To address these issues, we investigated if user-generated contents, for example, Twitter data, can be used to understand service quality in Greater Mumbai in India, which can complement existing manual survey process. To do this, we assumed that, if a tweet is relevant to public transport system and contains negative sentiment, then that tweet expresses user’s dissatisfaction towards the public transport service. Since most of the tweets do not have any explicit geolocation, we also presented a model that does not only extract users’ dissatisfaction towards public transit system but also retrieves the spatial context of dissatisfaction and the potential causes that affect the service quality. It is observed that a Random Forest-based model outperforms other machine learning models, while yielding 0.97 precision and 0.88 F1-score.
Reply to comments by the editor and the referees

I reiterate that the authors have done well to address my points from the previous review and the paper now is solid. However, having reread the paper, I still do not have an idea for what observations are going into the ECMWF OA in the upper stratosphere and mesosphere as shown in figures 3,4,6 and 7. Information on what relevant observations there are and when they were included is required (say at 1hPa and above). The inclusion of new observations during an extended period of time can introduce sudden jumps in the time domain of climate fields (so in then light of the present analysis, these need to be checked). Perhaps the authors could supply the equivalent of figure 1, but for the ECMWF OA, in the Supplement. After a thorough literature research and discussions with researches specialised in modeling we are quite sure that no overview document summarising all relevant observations assimilated in ECMWF’s operational analysis. Such a paper only exists for the ERA-Interim re-analysis and has already been cited in the manuscript (Dee, 2011). To make the situation about the upper-altitude data assimilation in ECMWF more clear we added the following statement on page 35039 line 13: “The few observations assimilated at higher altitudes mainly originate from infrared radiation soundings (Engelen and Bauer, 2014; Dragani and McNally, 2013, and references therein). ” According to your suggestion we also added a figure showing the wind time series of the ECMWF operational analysis to the Supplement (Figure S2 with
Metagenome-Assembled Genomes of Novel Taxa from an Acid Mine Drainage Environment

Bioremediating acid mine drainage requires understanding how microbial communities influence geochemical cycling of iron and sulfur and biologically important elements such as carbon and nitrogen. Research in this area has provided an abundance of 16S rRNA gene amplicon data. ABSTRACT Acid mine drainage (AMD) is a global problem in which iron sulfide minerals oxidize and generate acidic, metal-rich water. Bioremediation relies on understanding how microbial communities inhabiting an AMD site contribute to biogeochemical cycling. A number of studies have reported community composition in AMD sites from 16S rRNA gene amplicons, but it remains difficult to link taxa to function, especially in the absence of closely related cultured species or those with published genomes. Unfortunately, there is a paucity of genomes and cultured taxa from AMD environments. Here, we report 29 novel metagenome-assembled genomes from Cabin Branch, an AMD site in the Daniel Boone National Forest, Kentucky, USA. The genomes span 11 bacterial phyla and one archaeal phylum and include taxa that contribute to carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, and iron cycling. These data reveal overlooked taxa that contribute to carbon fixation in AMD sites as well as uncharacterized Fe(II)-oxidizing bacteria. These data provide additional context for 16S rRNA gene studies, add to our understanding of the taxa involved in biogeochemical cycling in AMD environments, and can inform bioremediation strategies. IMPORTANCE Bioremediating acid mine drainage requires understanding how microbial communities influence geochemical cycling of iron and sulfur and biologically important elements such as carbon and nitrogen. Research in this area has provided an abundance of 16S rRNA gene amplicon data. However, linking these data to metabolisms is difficult because many AMD taxa are uncultured or lack published genomes. Here, we present metagenome-assembled genomes from 29 novel AMD taxa and detail their metabolic potential. These data provide information on AMD taxa that could be important for bioremediation strategies, including taxa that are involved in cycling iron, sulfur, carbon, and nitrogen.
Interactive comment on “Review article: Sea-level rise in Venice: historic and future trends” by

L39 “An unresolved issue”: do you just want to say here that altimetry doesn’t measure sea level in the Venice Lagoon because there’s no track overlapping ground track? L40 Water mass exchange: I think this gives the false impression that the issue lies within understanding what’s going on at Gibraltar. The real issue here is what’s happening to the Northeastern Atlantic Ocean, which directly drives this water mass exchange, see for example (Volkov et al, Calafat et al.). L42: Subsidence and regional. and beyond. These sentences are valid for each and every coastal location, so it’s rather trivial. In fact, there’s no single known process that causes a true spatially homogeneous sea-level rise. What would be useful here is to explain which processes will cause large deviations from GMSL on various time scales. L45: “non-negligible differential trends”: this is strange wording. Section 1 L52: Remove ‘critically’ L65: As said above, please avoid the term ‘MSL’ here and throughoput the manuscript, and just distinguish between GSL (not ASL, Gregory et al. 2019) and RSL. Section 2 L129: The altimetry era actually started one year earlier with ERS1 (and even before that with SEASAT). L140. One question that is hanging over this section is, to which extent will sea level variations in Venice deviate from sea level a few km off the coast? My guess would be that that effect is rather minimal, except for very short temporal scales (like tides, waves and surges). This is especially relevant, as a few lines further down the paper,
Mitochondrial RNase H1 activity regulates R-loop homeostasis to maintain genome integrity and enable early embryogenesis in Arabidopsis

Plant mitochondrial genomes undergo frequent homologous recombination (HR). Ectopic HR activity is inhibited by the HR surveillance pathway, but the underlying regulatory mechanism is unclear. Here, we show that the mitochondrial RNase H1 AtRNH1B impairs the formation of RNA:DNA hybrids (R-loops) and participates in the HR surveillance pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana. AtRNH1B suppresses ectopic HR at intermediate-sized repeats (IRs) and thus maintains mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) replication. The RNase H1 AtRNH1C is restricted to the chloroplast; however, when cells lack AtRNH1B, transport of chloroplast AtRNH1C into the mitochondria secures HR surveillance, thus ensuring the integrity of the mitochondrial genome and allowing embryogenesis to proceed. HR surveillance is further regulated by the single-stranded DNA-binding protein ORGANELLAR SINGLE-STRANDED DNA BINDING PROTEIN1 (OSB1), which decreases the formation of R-loops. This study uncovers a facultative dual targeting mechanism between organelles and sheds light on the roles of RNase H1 in organellar genome maintenance and embryogenesis.
Respiratory Rehabilitation Does not Prevent Post-Pperative Pulmonary Complications, Morbidity and Mortality After Esophagectomy.- A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Aim: The analysis aimed to study the effect of preoperative pulmonary rehabilitation on post-operative pulmonary complications, overall morbidity, and mortality after esophagectomy.Methods: The study was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement (2020) and MOOSE guidelines. The meta-analysis was done using Review Manager 5.4. We compared postoperative pneumonia, postoperative pulmonary complications, morbidity, and mortality between the preoperative respiratory group vs. no prehabilitation group. Heterogeneity was evaluated using the I2 test. The random-effect model was used with I2 was more than 25% otherwise fixed-effect model was used. I2 less than 25%, 25-50%, and more than 50% were taken as low, moderate, or high heterogeneity.Results: Seven studies consisting of. 606 patients were included in the analysis. 322 patients in the respiratory prehabilitation group and 284 in the control group. There was no statistically significant difference in postoperative pneumonia (p=0.11), post-operative pulmonary complications (p= 0.09), All cause morbidity and mortality. (p=0.98, and 0.30 respectively). However, heterogeneity was moderate to high in most analyses.Conclusion: There is no conclusive evidence as of now regarding the benefits of preoperative pulmonary rehabilitation in esophagectomy. However, further studies are needed to confirm it.
N ov 2 02 1 On Quantum Gravity If NonLocality Is Fundamental

I take non-locality to be the Michaelson Morley experiment of the early 21 Century, assume its universal validity, and try to derive its consequences. Spacetime, with its locality, cannot be fundamental, but must somehow be emergent from entangled coherent quantum variables and their behaviors. There are, then, two immediate consequences: i. If we start with non-locality, we need not explain non-locality. We must instead explain an emergence of locality and spacetime. ii. There can be no emergence of spacetime without matter. These propositions flatly contradict General Relativity, which is foundationally local, can be formulated without matter, and in which there is no “emergence” of spacetime. If these be true, then quantum gravity cannot be a minor alteration of General Relativity, but must demand its deep reformulation. This will almost inevitably lead to: Matter not only curves spacetime, but “creates” spacetime. We will see independent grounds for the assertion that matter both curves and creates spacetime that may invite a new union of quantum gravity and General Relativity. This quantum creation of spacetime consists in: i. Fully non-local entangled coherent quantum variables. ii. The onset of locality via decoherence. iii. A metric in Hilbert Space among entangled quantum variables by the sub-additive von Neumann Entropy between pairs of variables. iv. Mapping from metric distances in Hilbert Space to metric distances in classical spacetime by episodic actualization events. v. Discrete spacetime is the relations among these discrete actualization events. vi. “Now” is the shared moment of actualization of one among the entangled variables when the amplitudes of the remaining entangled variables change instantaneously. vii. The discrete, successive, episodic, irreversible actualization events constitute a quantum arrow of time. viii. The arrow of time history of these events is recorded in the very structure of the spacetime constructed. ix. Actual Time is a succession
Compact Finite Field Multiplication Processor Structure for Cryptographic Algorithms in IoT Devices with Limited Resources

The rapid evolution of Internet of Things (IoT) applications, such as e-health and the smart ecosystem, has resulted in the emergence of numerous security flaws. Therefore, security protocols must be implemented among IoT network nodes to resist the majority of the emerging threats. As a result, IoT devices must adopt cryptographic algorithms such as public-key encryption and decryption. The cryptographic algorithms are computationally more complicated to be efficiently implemented on IoT devices due to their limited computing resources. The core operation of most cryptographic algorithms is the finite field multiplication operation, and concise implementation of this operation will have a significant impact on the cryptographic algorithm’s entire implementation. As a result, this paper mainly concentrates on developing a compact and efficient word-based serial-in/serial-out finite field multiplier suitable for usage in IoT devices with limited resources. The proposed multiplier structure is simple to implement in VLSI technology due to its modularity and regularity. The suggested structure is derived from a formal and systematic technique for mapping regular iterative algorithms onto processor arrays. The proposed methodology allows for control of the processor array workload and the workload of each processing element. Managing processor word size allows for control of system latency, area, and consumed energy. The ASIC experimental results indicate that the proposed processor structure reduces area and energy consumption by factors reaching up to 97.7% and 99.2%, respectively.
A Location-Based Indoor Recommendation System Using A Hidden Markov Model

Recommendation systems play an important role in both the industrial and the academic worlds because they can combine theoretical study and market use together perfectly. Through improving user experience, recommendation systems bring considerable profits for businesses. However, most recommendation system applications are on the Internet. Due to the limitation of data-collecting techniques, economic costs, customer privacy protections and other factors, in offline retail stores, usually the same advertisement will be pushed to every customer with no differentiation. Advertisements are usually chosen only based on the selling rates of goods, which cannot deliver advertisements to customers precisely. With the development of RFID technology, a way of tracking customers’ movements and purchasing behaviours with low costs and privacy protections is provided. Hidden Markov model (HMM) is a statistical Markov model in which the system being modeled is assumed to be a Markov process with unobserved (hidden) states. Therefore, it performs well when predicting results for things which patterns are hard to find. With only sequences of observations, HMM is able to predict the next emission. In this paper, a recommendation system that recommends goods for customers in a grocery store is proposed and implemented. To simplify the problem, our research considers zones in a grocery store that are detected and strictly separated by RFID readers and every shopping cart’s movement stands for a customer’s movement. Our system takes location information as well as customer movements into consideration as a parameter (state) for training the HMM model. Every one of our designed algorithms is compared with probability selection method, and we prove that by adding location and customer movements parameters, our solution has a higher hit rate for recommending the right goods for customers.
ACA Rearrangement is Associated with the Prognosis of CML in the Era of TKI

Approximately 9-13% of CML patients Acquire Additional Chromosomal Aberrations (ACAs) in chronic phase and blast crisis. Major route ACAs emergence indicates an increased risk of progression and shorter survival. We analyzed the chromosome data of 280 CML patients from Department of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, affiliated to Huazhong University of Science and Technology, and ACA were detected in 19 patients of them. Bone Marrow (BM) morphology, molecular biology and cytogenetics of 19 CML patients with ACA were monitored. Our data displayed that no significant difference in Complete Cytogenetic Remission (CCR) or Major Molecular Remission (MMR) was existed between CML patients with minor route ACA or major route ACA ( P >0.05), which may be due to the small sample size in our study. However, we found that patients with well-responsive chromosomes to Imatinib had a higher probability of acquiring CCyR or MMR. Our data implied that chromosomes could be used for prognosis stratification of CML, which may be critical for formulations of treatment strategies during CML therapy. mutations, the Accelerated Phase (AP) and/or Blast Crisis (BC) of CML Cytogenetic clonal evolution in approximately 50-80% of patients BC of CML and associated with poor prognosis (chromosomal abnormalities) than the standard Ph described in less than 10% of cases with Chronic Phase (CP) CML at diagnosis The study of Lee et the relevance of cytogenetic evolution to CML course In the era of IM (Imatinib Mesylate) therapy, the prognostic of ACAs in CP CML to be ACAs occurring in CP patients treated with IM with poor prognosis, with poor OS and Poor PFS indicated that in CP, ACAs could be transient of ACAs are not associated with the possibility of achieving MCyR (Major Cytogenetic Remission) and CCyR (Complete Cytogenetic Remission), with the long term of cytogenetic and molecular remission or OS that aberrations occurring in >5% of CML with secondary changes, +8(34% of cases with additional changes), -Y(8% of
Short- and Long-Term Amiodarone Treatments Regulate Ca v 3.2 Low-Voltage-Activated T-type Ca 2 (cid:1) Channel through Distinct Mechanisms

Low-voltage-activated T-type Ca 2 (cid:1) channels have been recognized recently in the mechanisms underlying atrial arrhythmias. However, the pharmacological effects of amiodarone on the T-type Ca 2 (cid:1) channel remain unclear. We investigated short-and long-term effects of amiodarone on the T-type (Ca v 3.2) Ca 2 (cid:1) channel. The Ca v 3.2 ( (cid:1) 1H ) subunit derived from human heart was stably transfected into cells [human embryonic kid- ney (HEK)-Ca v 3.2] cultured with or without 5 (cid:2) M amiodarone. Patch-clamp recordings in the conventional whole-cell config-uration were used to evaluate the actions of amiodarone on the T-type Ca 2 (cid:1) channel current ( I Ca.T ). Amiodarone blockade of I Ca.T occurred in a dose- and holding potential-dependent man- ner, shifting the activation and the steady-state inactivation curves in the hyperpolarization direction, when amiodarone was applied immediately to the bath solution. However, when the HEK-Ca v 3.2 cells were incubated with 5 (cid:2) M amiodarone for 72 h, I Ca.T density was significantly decreased by 31.7 (cid:2) 2.3% for control, (cid:3) 93.1 (cid:2) 4.3 pA/pF ( n (cid:4) 8),
Convex Optimization for Spring Design of Parallel Elastic Actuators

Elastic actuation can improve human-robot interaction and energy efficiency for wearable robots. Previous work showed that the energy consumption of series elastic actuators can be a convex function of the series spring compliance. This function is useful to optimally select the series spring compliance that reduces the motor energy consumption. However, series springs have limited influence on the motor torque, which is a major source of the energy losses due to the associated Joule heating. Springs in parallel to the motor can significantly modify the motor torque and therefore reduce Joule heating, but it is unknown how to design springs that globally minimize energy consumption for a given motion of the load. In this work, we introduce the stiffness design of linear and nonlinear parallel elastic actuators via convex optimization. We show that the energy consumption of parallel elastic actuators is a convex function of the spring stiffness and compare the energy savings with that of optimal series elastic actuators. We analyze robustness of the solution in simulation by adding uncertainty of 20% of the RMS load kinematics and kinetics for the ankle, knee, and hip movements for level-ground human walking. When the winding Joule heating losses are dominant with respect to the viscous losses, our optimal PEA designs outperform SEA designs by further reducing the motor energy consumption up to 63%. Comparing to the linear PEA designs, our nonlinear PEA designs further reduced the motor energy consumption up to 31%. From our convex formulation, our global optimal nonlinear parallel elastic actuator designs give two different elongation-torque curves for positive and negative elongation, suggesting a clutching mechanism for the final implementation. In addition, the different torque-elongation profiles for positive and negative elongation for nonlinear parallel elastic actuators can cause sensitivity of the energy consumption to changes in the nominal load trajectory.