Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Time-to-care metrics in patients with interhospital transfer for mechanical thrombectomy in north-east Germany: Primary telestroke centers in rural areas vs. primary stroke centers in a metropolitan area

Background Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is highly effective in large vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke. In north-east Germany, many rural hospitals do not have continuous neurological expertise onsite and secondary transport to MT capable comprehensive stroke centers (CSC) is necessary. In metropolitan areas, small hospitals often have neurology departments, but cannot perform MT. Thus, interhospital transport to CSCs is also required. Here, we compare time-to-care metrics and outcomes in patients receiving MT after interhospital transfer from primary stroke centers (PCSs) to CSCs in rural vs. metropolitan areas. Methods Patients from ten rural telestroke centers (RTCs) and nine CSCs participated in this study under the quality assurance registry for thrombectomies of the Acute Neurological care in North-east Germany with TeleMedicine (ANNOTeM) telestroke network. For the metropolitan area, we included patients admitted to 13 hospitals without thrombectomy capabilities (metropolitan primary stroke centers, MPSCs) and transferred to two CSCs. We compared groups regarding baseline variables, time-to-care metrics, clinical, and technical outcomes. Results Between October 2018 and June 2022, 50 patients were transferred from RTCs within the ANNOTeM network and 42 from MPSCs within the Berlin metropolitan area. RTC patients were older (77 vs. 72 yrs, p = 0.05) and had more severe strokes (NIHSS 17 vs. 10 pts., p < 0.01). In patients with intravenous thrombolysis (IVT; 34.0 and 40.5%, respectively), time from arrival at the primary stroke center to start of IVT was longer in RTCs (65 vs. 37 min, p < 0.01). However, RTC patients significantly quicker underwent groin puncture at CSCs (door-to-groin time: 42 vs. 60 min, p < 0.01). Despite longer transport distances from RTCs to CSCs (55 vs. 22 km, p < 0.001), there was no significant difference of times between arrival at the PSC and groin puncture (210 vs. 208 min, p = 0.96). In adjusted analyses, there was no significant difference in clinical and technical outcomes. Conclusion Despite considerable differences in the setting of stroke treatment in rural and metropolitan areas, overall time-to-care metrics were similar. Targets of process improvement should be door-to-needle times in RTCs, transfer organization, and door-to-groin times in CSCs wherever such process times are above best-practice models.
Dynamic postural balance indices can help discriminate between patients with multiple system atrophy and Parkinson's disease

Background Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and those with multiple system atrophy (MSA) show similar symptoms but have different clinical treatments. It will be helpful to discriminate between these two kinds of patients at an early or middle stage. The purpose of this study is to highlight the differences in posturographic characterization between patients with PD and those with MSA during quiet standing and perturbed standing. Methods A total of clinically diagnosed 42 patients with PD and 32 patients with MSA participated in the experiment. Patients were asked to first stand on a static balance force platform and then on a dynamic balance (medial-lateral rocker) force platform to measure the center of pressure (COP) trajectory during an eyes-open (EO) state. The posturographic parameters were obtained under the two standing conditions for statistical analysis. Results Four posturographic variables were calculated and analyzed, namely, the standard deviation of COP position (SD), sway path of COP position (SP), an elliptical area covering the 95% COP position trajectory (EA), sway path of COP position (SP), and integral area of the power spectral density at 0–0.5 Hz frequency band (PSD). Except for variable EA, the other three variables are all in the medial-lateral (ML) direction. In the static balance experiment, there were no significant differences between the four variables between patients with PD and those with MSA. However, in the dynamic balance experiment, the obtained four variables all presented significant differences between patients with PD and those with MSA. Conclusion The dynamic posturographic variables with significant differences between patients with PD and those with MSA imply that patients with MSA have worse postural control ability in the medial-lateral (ML) direction compared to patients with PD. The obtained dynamic indices may help supplemental clinical evaluation to discriminate between patients with MSA and those with PD.
Condition monitoring and early fault warning of power plant auxiliary equipment using LSTM-SDAE model with an adaptive threshold

With the increasing penetration of renewable energy in the power grid, which makes power plant equipment is always in changing operating conditions. The correlation between the main and auxiliary equipment of the unit is easy to lead a potential fault, therefore, the safety and reliability of the auxiliary equipment of thermal power units have become a more challenging issue in the case of large-scale renewable energy. Adaptive condition monitoring of the auxiliary equipment can reduce maintenance costs and improve reliability in the thermal power units. Most existing studies perform poorly at extracting features from distributed control systems data and make less use of time series data. A novel adaptive condition monitoring framework and early fault warning method based on long short-term memory and stack denoising auto-encoder network has been proposed for auxiliary equipment of power plant unit. The proposed framework has two main parts, which contain condition monitoring and adaptive early fault warning. The Mahalanobis distance of a reconstruction error is defined as the monitoring indicator to reflect the condition of the equipment. The Chebyshev inequality determines an adaptive threshold for early anomaly detection that applies to changeable working conditions. The effectiveness of the proposed method was verified by the actual case of the coal mill. The adaptive threshold method can obtain the advance time of 42s and 108s, respectively.
A Machine Learning Approach to Georeferencing

Imaging from space involves certain complications which are quite different from airborne platforms such as MAVs, UAVs and drones. All these platforms require mathematical models to represent the geometry of image acquisition and further georeferencing the acquired image. Conventionally, a Rigorous Sensor Model (RSM) involving mission critical parameters and a sequence of rotations serves the purpose, alternately Rational Functional Models (RFM) are developed which empirically mimics RSM to certain degree of acceptable accuracy. In this paper, a machine learning approach is proposed for georeferencing of satellite images and compares the results with RFM and RSM.
GHRS observations of cool, low-gravity star. 2: Flow and turbulent velocities in the outer atmosphere of gamma CRU CIS (M3.4 III)

The Goddard High Resoulution Spectrograph (GHRS) on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) has been used to obtain medium (R = 20,000) and high (R = 85,000) resoultion UV spectra of chromosphere emission features for the M3.4 III star gamma Cru. Small Science Aperture (SSA) G270M and Echelle-B spectra of selected regions in the 2300-2850 A range were obtained to determine the kinematics of the chromosphere using lines of C2), Fe2, Co2, Si1/2), Ni2, Mn2, and Mg2. Profiles of C2) (UV 0.01) lines and fluorescently excited lines of low optical depth indicate average turbulent velocities (Doppler FWHM) of 30.2 +/- 1.3 and 28.8 +/- 1.3 km/s, respectively. The fluorescent emission lines (mean RV = 21.3 +/- 0.9 km/s) and the wings of the emission components of Fe2 lines (mean RV = 22.8 +/- 0.4 km/s) are approximately at rest relative to the radial velocity of the star (21 km/s), while the C2) lines show a modest inflow (mean RV = 23.1 +/- 0.9 km/s). The more opaque lines of Fe2 and Mg2 exhibit complex profiles resulting from line formation in an optically thick, extended expanding atmosphere. The emission wings of these lines are broadened by multiple scattering, and they are centered near the photospheric radial velocity. Closer to line center, these strong lines show a strong blueshifted self-absorption feature (already seen in IUE data), indicative of formation in an expanding chromosphere, and a previously unseen dip in the profiles on the red side of line center. The absorption components, when extracted using simple Gaussian fits, show strong correlations with the relative optical depths of the lines. The derived absorption flow velocities converge to the photospheric velocity as one examines spectra features formed deeper in the atmosphere. The blueward abosrption velocity increases in magnitude from about 7 to 14 km/s with increasing line optical depth - the strong absorptions directly map the acceleration of the outflowing stellar wind, while the interpretation of the weaker redshifted abosrptions is more ambiguous, indicating either an inflow of material or formation in an extended, spherically expanding outflow. The Mg2 and Fe2 profiles, taken together, imply that the wind speed decreases between the atmospheric layers where the Mg2 and Fe2 self-absorption components are formed. Interstellar absorptions are seen in the resonance lines of Mg2 (UV 1) and Fe2 (UV1) with zero-volt lower levels, at about -3 km/s, consistent with models of the interstellar medium in the direction of gamma Cru. Finally, we have detected the Mg2 'satellite lines' seen in solar spectra obtained above the limb. In gamma Cru these lines are probably fluorescently excited by H Ly beta.
Study on Aesthetic Impression of Female Body Type and Posture

The purpose of this research is to clarify the relationship between the female body type and posture and the aesthetic impression it creates. The criterion of judgment of the beauty of the female body was based on the degree of body mass (BMI), the degree of bust, waist and hips, but also evaluated the impression added by posture. We divided the BMI into 5 levels, body types into 3 levels, and posture into 6 types, making sample images created using a 3D body scanner. In the research part 1, we used 40 samples that emphasized the body line, and in part 2 we evaluated using 19 samples assuming loose clothing. Questionnaires were conducted with adult women using the SD method with 19 adjective pairs. As a result of computing the total of the scores and the principal component analysis, the first principal component axis showed "beauty, attractiveness" and the second principal component axis shows "plumpness, slimness". Regardless of the sharpness of the body line, the weak upright type had the lowest score for positive impression. The balanced upright type was considered to be beautiful. The impression of the form of women showed that the elements of posture are related to beauty.
Direct observation of changes to domain wall structures in magnetic nanowires of varying width

Lorentz microscopy has been used to explore the structure variation of domain walls in thin Permalloy nanowires in the vicinity of symmetric triangular antinotches. The antinotches present a complex potential landscape to domain walls. Walls can be trapped in front of, partly enter, or be trapped inside the antinotches according to the geometry of the latter and, in the case of vortex domain walls, the chirality. In all cases, the magnetization distribution was determined. Of particular note was the structure the wall assumed during depinning from the antinotch, complex forms extending over distances several times the wire width being observed.
On special representations of $p$-adic reductive groups

Let $F$ be a non-Archimedean locally compact field, let $G$ be a split connected reductive group over $F$. For a parabolic subgroup $Q\subset G$ and a ring $L$ we consider the $G$-representation on the $L$-module$$(*)\quad\quad\quad\quad C^{\infty}(G/Q,L)/\sum_{Q'\supsetneq Q}C^{\infty}(G/Q',L). $$Let $I\subset G$ denote an Iwahori subgroup. We define a certain free finite rank $L$-module ${\mathfrak M}$ (depending on $Q$; if $Q$ is a Borel subgroup then $(*)$ is the Steinberg representation and ${\mathfrak M}$ is of rank one) and construct an $I$-equivariant embedding of $(*)$ into $C^{\infty}(I,{\mathfrak M})$. This allows the computation of the $I$-invariants in $(*)$. We then prove that if $L$ is a field with characteristic equal to the residue characteristic of $F$ and if $G$ is a classical group, then the $G$-representation $(*)$ is irreducible. This is the analog of a theorem of Casselman (which says the same for $L={\mathbb C}$); it had been conjectured by Vign\'eras. Herzig (for $G={\rm GL}_n(F)$) and Abe (for general $G$) have given classification theorems for irreducible admissible modulo $p$ representations of $G$ in terms of supersingular representations. Some of their arguments rely on the present work.
Constraints on the age and evolution of the Galaxy from the white dwarf luminosity function

The white dwarf disk luminosity function is explored using observational results of Liebert et al. (1988, 1989) as a template for comparison, and the cooling curves of Wood (1990, 1991) as the input basis functions for the integration. The star formation rate over the history of the Galaxy is found to be constant to within an order of magnitude, and the disk age lies in the range 6-13.5 Gyr, where roughly 40 percent of the uncertainty is due to the observational uncertainties. Using the best current estimates as inputs to the integration, the disk ages range from 7.5 to 11 Gyr, i.e., they are substantially younger than most estimates for the halo globular clusters but in reasonable agreement with those for the disk globular clusters and open clusters. The ages of these differing populations, taken together, are consistent with the pressure-supported collapse models of early spiral Galactic evolution.
Galaxy clusters and cold dark matter : a low-density unbiased universe ?

Large-scale simulations of a universe dominated by cold dark matter (CDM) are tested against two fundamental properties of clusters of galaxies: the cluster mass function and the cluster correlation function. We find that standard biased CDM models are inconsistent with these observations for any bias parameter b. A low-density, low-bias CDM-type model, with or without a cosmological constant, appears to be consistent with both the cluster mass function and the cluster correlations. The low-density model agrees well with the observed correlation function of the Abell, Automatic Plate Measuring Facility (APM), and Edinburgh-Durham cluster catalogs. The model is in excellent agreement with the observed dependence of the correlation strength on cluster mean separation, reproducing the measured universal dimensionless cluster correlation. The low-density model is also consistent with other large-scale structure observations, including the APM angular galaxy-correlations, and for lambda = 1-Omega with the COBE results of the microwave background radiation fluctuations.
A FREQUENCY-DOMAIN METHOD OF STRUCTURAL DAMAGE IDENTIFICATION FORMULATED FROM THE DYNAMIC STIFFNESS EQUATION OF MOTION

This paper introduces a frequency-domain method of structural damage identification. It is formulated in a general form from the dynamic stiffness equation of motion for a structure and then applied to a beam structure. Only the dynamic stiffness matrix for the intact state appears in the final form of the damage identification algorithm as the structure model. The appealing features of the present damage identification method are: (1) it requires only the frequency response functions experimentally measured from the damaged structure as the input data, and (2) it can locate and quantify many local damages at the same time. The feasibility of the present damage identification method is tested through some numerically simulated damage identification analyses and then experimental verification is conducted for a cantilevered beam with damage caused by introducing three slots.
Josephson vortex flow in superconducting single‐crystal Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox

Using various size rectangular mesas formed by photolithographically patterning and etching on single‐crystal Bi2Sr2Ca1Cu2Ox superconductors, we have obtained c‐axis volt‐ampere characteristics as a function of magnetic field applied parallel to the a‐b planes. Enhanced sensitivity with field perpendicular to the long side was observed even in mesas with dimensions smaller than the magnetic penetration depth λc. This can be explained in terms of viscous flow of Josephson vortices. The measurements are in good quantitative agreement with theoretical models for Josephson vortex motion in layered superconductors. Vortex flow coexists with the multiple hysteretic structure previously presented as evidence that this material behaves as a stack of underdamped intrinsic Josephson junctions.
GEOMETRIC ERGODICITY OF A DOUBLY STOCHASTIC TIME SERIES MODEL

We demonstrate that a large class of doubly stochastic time series models are geometrically ergodic, and hence admit second-order stationary solutions. We also establish a version of the strong law of large numbers, the law of the interated logorithm and the central limit theorem for the stochastic processes under consideration.
Dielectric filter optimal design suitable for microwave communications by using multiobjective evolutionary algorithms

A multiobjective evolutionary technique is applied to design dielectric filters useful in microwave communications technology. The optimal geometry of the filters is derived by utilizing two different multiobjective optimization algorithms. The first one is the Nondominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm‐II (NSGA‐II), which is a popular multiobjective genetic algorithm. The second algorithm is based on multiobjective Particle Swarm Optimization with fitness sharing (MOPSO‐fs). MOPSO‐fs algorithm is a novel Pareto PSO algorithm that produces the Pareto front in a fast and efficient way. In the present work, MOPSO‐fs is compared with NSGA‐II to optimize the geometry of the filters under specific requirements concerning the frequency response of the filters. Several examples are studied to exhibit the efficiency of the multiobjective evolutionary optimizers and also the ability of the technique to derive optimal structures that can be used in practice. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 2324–2329, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22755
A $C^1 $ Finite Element Collocation Method for Elliptic Equations

Collocation at Gaussian quadrature points as a means of determining a $C^1 $ finite element approximation to the solution of a linear elliptic boundary value problem on a square is studied. Optimal order $L^2 $ and $H^1 $ error estimates are established for approximation in a function space consisting of tensorproducts of $C^1 $ piecewise polynomials of degree not greater that r, where $r \geqq 3$.
A Topical Dictionary of Statistics

1. Summarizing Data. - 2. Random Variables and Probability Distributions. - 3. Some Useful Distributions. - 4. Estimation and Hypothesis Testing. - 5. Regression. - 6. The Design of Experiments and the Analysis of Variance. - 7. Reliability and Survival Analysis. - 8. Order Statistics. - 9. Stochastic Processes. - 10. Time Series. - 11. Categorical Data. - 12. Epidemiology. - 13. Quality Control and Acceptance Sampling. - 14. Multivariate Analysis. - 15. Survey Sampling.
Transition from ambipolar to free diffusion in a decaying plasma

The problem of transition from ambipolar to free diffusion due to charged particle density gradients in a decaying plasma of spherical symmetry is investigated in this paper. This investigation is carried out within the framework of the approximate procedure set forth by Allis & Rose (1954). A further simplification is introduced by using only the time-dependent ‘imperfect’ ambipolar diffusion coefficients for the electrons and ions evaluated at the centre of the plasma for carrying out calculations. The results for the time dependence of these ‘imperfect’ ambipolar diffusion coefficients and spatial distributions for the charge density, electric field, and potential which are obtained by this procedure are valid for all values of time in the neighbourhood of the centre of the plasma and for all other positions of space only during the time while the plasma is diffusing in an almost ‘perfect’ ambipolar manner.
Stochastic linearization technique : A new interpretation and a selective review

Several developments in stochastic linearization are summarized in this review paper, along with the new, statistical orthogonality-based derivation of the method. A nonlinear oscillator subjected to colored noise is examined, the case of nonlinear damping is discussed, and the true stochastic linearization technique is described. The results of the latter match the exact mean square responses of a nonlinear structure. A combination of stochastic linearization with the Monte Carlo method is outlined. In addition, the accuracy of an energy linearization technique versus the newly interpreted classical scheme is examined for a Duffing oscillator subjected to white or colored noise excitations. The results obtained by the two schemes are compared in terms of percentage-wise error relative to the exact solution or relative to numerical results obtained through Monte Carlo simulation. These applications confirm the superiority of the energy linearization technique over the force linearization technique in several examples considered. In certain circumstances, however, namely for some nonlinear softening oscillators, newly interpreted conventional linearization may yield more accurate results. The method of weighing functions improves the accuracy of both methods.
Thermal conduction errors of manganin-constantan thermocouple arrays

Thermocouples are commonly employed for invasive temperature measurement in clinical hyperthermia. The effect of thermal conduction along the leads on the accuracy of thermocouples in an inhomogeneous temperature field has been examined. These effects are modelled as a convolution with a suitable point spread function and in most cases the errors produced are equivalent to a mispositioning of the thermocouple by less than 1 mm. The point spread functions of T-type thermocouples have been measured, and agree with the theoretical predictions that conduction errors are reduced if the copper leg is replaced by manganin. A temperature gradient across a junction has been shown to cause errors in junctions sharing the same common wire, but for compact junctions this error only becomes significant for temperature gradients much higher than those likely to be encountered in a clinical situation. It can be concluded that neither the errors due to thermal conduction nor those due to temperature gradients across junctions are sufficiently large to impair their clinical use.
Observation of Intrinsically Localized Modes in a Discrete Low-Dimensional Material

We report the experimental observation of intrinsic dynamically localized vibrational states in crystals of the highly nonlinear halide-bridged mixed-valence transition metal complex {l_brace}[Pt(en){sub 2} ]thinsp[Pt(en ){sub 2}Cl{sub 2}]thinsp(ClO{sub 4}){sub 4}{r_brace} , where en=ethylenediamine . These states are identified by the distinctive structure and strong redshifts they impose upon the overtone resonance Raman spectra. Quantitative modeling of the observed redshifts is presented based on a nonadiabatic coupled electron-lattice model that self-consistently predicts strong nonlinearity and highly localized multiquanta bound states. {copyright} {ital 1999} {ital The American Physical Society}