Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Can Information Usefulness Perception Lead Users to Product Purchase Intention through Like, Share, And Live Facebook Video?

Social media plays a very crucial role in people’s lives, especially for online sellers and consumers. Many purchasing websites benefit from the opportunities and exposure they get from their social media resources. Moreover, social media greatly affects consumer buying decisions. Online sellers must observe consumer behavior to develop more effective marketing and sales strategies. In this research, the researchers executed an empirical investigation on consumers’ purchasing intentions of fashion accessories on Facebook in Thailand. The researchers studied the advantages and drawbacks of social media. Factors influencing purchases were measured by a questionnaire distributed among 200 online customers of fashion accessory Facebook pages in Thailand. The researchers analyzed the data using ANOVA and MANOVA statistical tests. The results illustrated that argument quality, post popularity, and information credibility have the same influence on information usefulness. Facebook live video watching has statistically more influence on purchase intention than “shares” and “likes. ”
Flight to the Future: Human Factors in Air Traffic Control Edited by Christopher D. Wickens, Anne S. Mavor, & James P. McGee 1997, 368 pages, $44.95. Washington, DC: National Academy Press ISBN 0-309-05637-3

Despite the strong safety record of the national airspace system, serious disruptions occasionally occur, often as a result of outdated or failed equipment. Under these circumstances, safety relies on the skills of the controllers and pilots and on reducing the number of aircraft in the air. The current and growing pressures to increase the capacity to handle a greater number of flights has led to a call for faster and more powerful equipment and for equipment that can take over some of the tasks now being performed by humans. Increasing the role of automation in air traffic control may provide a more efficient system, but will human controllers be able to effectively take over when problems occur? This comprehensive volume provides a baseline of knowledge about the capabilities and limitations of humans relative to the variety of functions performed in air traffic control. It focuses on balancing safety with the expeditious flow of air traffic, identifying lessons from past air accidents. The book discusses * The function of the national airspace system and the procedures for hiring, training, and evaluating controllers. * Decisionmaking, memory, alertness, vigilance, sleep patterns during shift work, communication, and other factors in controllers' performance. * Research on automation and human factors in air traffic control and incorporation of findings into the system. * The Federal Aviation Administration's management of the air traffic control system and its dual mandate to promote safety and the development of air commerce. This book also offers recommendations for evaluation the human role in automated air traffic control systems and for managing the introduction of automation into current facilities and operations. It will be of interest to anyone concerned about air safety--policymakers, regulators, air traffic managers and controllers, airline officials, and passenger advocates.
A Random Survey of Microbial Load in Dairy Products on Sale in Addis Ababa Supermarkets

Background: Food-borne infectious diseases cause huge economic loses, lowered quality of life and, in extreme cases, losses of lives. In general, these are global problems but the magnitudes differ. Pathogens involved include those of the genera Salmonellae, Escherichia, Campylobacter, Yersinia, Listeria, and Staphylococci. Infections follow consumption of contaminated foods or animal to human and human to human transmissions. Contaminated dairy products are among the top sources of food-borne infections. Most such infections come from unpasteurized dairy products, but pasteurized products are sometimes implicated. These occur because of either faulty pasteurization or due to post-pasteurization contaminations. Many factors hamper control of such infectious pathogens, including lack of vaccines, the presence of asymptomatic healthy carriers, existence of broad host range pathogens (with the hosts serving as reservoirs), resistance of pathogens to ordinary disinfectants, the long contamination-prone processes from production to consumption and increased frequency of resistance of pathogens to antibiotics. The antibiotic resistance property is hazardous in itself (whether with or without the contaminants being pathogenic) considering the potential for interspecies transfer of these resistance traits (be they chromosomal or plasmid-borne) to commensal or pathogenic bacteria in clinical settings and/or in the food chain. In low income countries, the problems are further compounded by the limited capacity for accurate diagnosis, overlap of symptoms, and the resulting (hit-or-miss) empirical treatment. Here, samples of dairy products were purchased from Addis Ababa supermarkets. The samples were subjected to enrichment and selective cultures to test the presence of and isolate gram-negative bacteria. The isolates were characterized by biochemical and molecular methods. Results: All milk samples harboured gram-negative bacilli, which are likely to constitute hazard to public health. Moreover, all of the isolates exhibited intermediate-level or higher resistance to two or more clinically relevant antibiotics. Sequence alignment showed the isolates to be most closely related to Salmonella enterica. Conclusion: This work found high level of contamination in all sampled milk. The reason(s) for this burden of contamination (either ineffective pasteurization or post-pasteurization contamination) need to be elucidated for meaningful targeted control.
How to assess the value of critical infrastructure

We present a new paradigm for evaluating critical infrastructure that assesses the function of an infrastructure system as a whole, rather than some enumeration of the vulnerability, risk, economic replacement cost, size, or connectivity of each of its components. Indeed, we hold that we can only discover the value of a set of components if we model the function of the entire infrastructure systems both with and without the function of that set. Our results call into question several currently fashionable methods of risk analysis. For instance, probabilistic risk analysis was designed to model Mother Nature, but now is used to treat terrorists as dice-throwers, rather than intelligent goal-seeking decision makers, and replaces their intelligence with probabilities that subject matter experts guess. Using optimization-based models of system function, we identify the worst-case disruptions to the intelligent operation of a system. We show how to answer rigorously the questions "which parts of an infrastructure are critical," and "how should we allocate limited defensive resources in order to minimize worst-case disruptions? "
A Study on Vehicle Lane Departure Delay System

This paper proposes the lane departure delay system in order to cooperate with the driver and the car. The start timing of the driver assist intervention and the action method should be properly set with the necessary technology. In this paper, the approach of the system design is examined referring to the lane deviation. This paper focuses on the lane departure delay strategy and the effectiveness of the proposed system is verified by experiments using the driving simulator.
Machine Learning and Biosignals are able to discriminate biomechanical risk classes according to the Revised NIOSH Lifting Equation

Many work activities can imply a biomechanical overload. Among these activities, lifting loads may determine work-related musculoskeletal disorders. To limit injuries, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) proposed a methodology to assess biomechanical risk in lifting tasks through an equation based on intensity, duration, frequency and other geometrical characteristics of lifting tasks. In this work, we explored the feasibility of tree-based machine learning algorithms to classify biomechanical risk according to the Revised NIOSH lifting equation). Electromyography signals acquired from the biceps and sternum acceleration signals collected during lifting loads were registered using a wearable sensor (BITalino (r)evolution) worn by 5 healthy young subjects. Electromyography and acceleration signals were segmented as to extract the region of interest related to the lifting actions and, for each region of interest, several time and frequency domain features were extracted. Interesting results were obtained in terms of evaluation metrics for a binary risk/no-risk classification. In conclusion, this work indicates the proposed combination of features and machine learning algorithms represents a valid approach to automatically classify risk activities according to the Revised NIOSH lifting equation. Future investigation on enriched study populations could confirm the capabilities of this methodology to automatically classify potential risky activities.
THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SMOKING AND ACCIDENTS: OVERDEPENDENCY AS AN INFLUENCING VARIABLE

INSURANCE COMPANIES AIDED IN TESTS TO DETERMINE WHETHER SMOKING IS ASSOCIATED WITH HIGH ACCIDENT RATES. DRIVING RECORDS WERE AVAILABLE ON 1025 MEN BETWEEN THE AGES OF 18 AND 25. STATISTICS ON THEIR SMOKING HABITS WERE COLLECTED. ACCIDENT-VIOLATION RECORDS COMPARISONS SHOWED THREE TIMES AS MANY HEAVY SMOKERS IN THE HIGH RECORD GROUP AS IN THE LOW RECORD GROUP. IMPLICATIONS OF THESE FINDINGS WERE DISCUSSED.
Aktuelles zu den häufigen Schwindelsyndromen: Diagnostik und Therapie

Zusammenfassung Die 8 häufigsten Schwindelsyndrome liegen über 70% aller Schwindelpräsentationen zugrunde. Bei den akuten (meist einzeitigen) Schwindelsyndromen sind die akute unilaterale Vestibulopathie und der vestibuläre Schlaganfall von besonderer Bedeutung, bei den episodischen Schwindelerkrankungen der gutartige Lagerungsschwindel, der Morbus Menière und die vestibuläre Migräne und bei chronischem Schwindel die bilaterale Vestibulopathie/Presbyvestibulopathie, der funktionelle Schwindel und der zerebelläre Schwindel. In der letzten Dekade wurden für die häufigsten Schwindelsyndrome international konsentierte diagnostische Kriterien und Krankheitsbezeichnungen erarbeitet, die einfach im klinischen Alltag angewendet werden können. Die diagnostischen Leitlinien beruhen überwiegend auf einer gezielten Anamnese (Beginn, Dauer, Verlauf, Trigger, Begleitsymptome), klinischen Untersuchung und wenigen apparativen Verfahren zur Diagnosesicherung (vor allem mittels Videookulographie und Audiometrie). Die Therapie der häufigen Schwindelsyndrome basiert in der Regel auf einer Kombination aus physikalischen Verfahren (Lagerungsmanöver, multimodales Gleichgewichtstraining) und pharmakologischen Prinzipien (u.a. Kortikosteroide, Antiepileptika, Antidepressiva, Kaliumkanalblockern, plastizitätsfördernde Medikamente). Allerdings fehlt meist eine hochwertige Evidenz aus prospektiven und kontrollierten Studien. In der klinischen Praxis lassen sich die häufigen Schwindelsyndrome oft effektiv behandeln, sodass eine Chronifizierung oder sekundäre Komorbidität (durch Immobilität, Stürze oder psychiatrische Erkrankungen wie Angst oder Depression) vermieden werden kann.
The Top‐of‐Atmosphere, Surface and Atmospheric Cloud Radiative Kernels Based on ISCCP‐H Datasets: Method and Evaluation

This study aims to create observation‐based cloud radiative kernel (CRK) datasets and evaluate them by direct comparison of CRK and the CRK‐derived cloud feedback datasets. Based on the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) H datasets, we calculate CRKs (called ISCCP‐FH or FH CRKs) as 2D joint function/histogram of cloud optical depth and cloud top pressure for shortwave (SW), longwave (LW), and their sum, Net, at the top of atmosphere (TOA), as well as, for the first time, at the surface (SFC) and in the atmosphere (ATM). With cloud fraction change (CFC) datasets from doubled‐CO2 simulation and short‐term observational anomalies, we derive all the TOA, SFC and ATM cloud feedback for SW, LW and Net using our CRKs.The direct comparison with modeled and observed CRKs (or cloud radiative effects), cloud feedback from previous model results and the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System products show that our CRKs and CRK‐derived cloud feedback are reasonably well validated. We estimate the uncertainty for the CRK‐derived cloud feedback and show that the CFC‐associated uncertainty contributes >98.5% of the total cloud feedback uncertainty while CRK's is very small. Our preliminary evaluation also shows that some near‐zero/small cloud feedback in the TOA‐alone feedback indeed results from the compensation of sizable cloud feedback of the SFC and ATM feedback and reveals some significant surface and atmospheric cloud feedback whose sum appears insignificant in TOA‐alone feedback. In addition, the atmospheric longwave cloud feedback seems to play a role in enhancing meridional atmospheric energy transport.
Photonics : optical electronics in modern communications

1. Electromagnetic Fields and Waves 2. Rays and Optical Beams 3. Dielectric Waveguides and Optical Fibers 4. Optical Resonators 5. Interaction of Radiation and Atomic Systems 6. Theory of Laser Oscillation and Some Specific Laser Systems 7. Chromatic Dispersion and Polarization Mode Dispersion in Fibers 8. Nonlinear Optics 9. Electro-Optics and AO modulators 10. Noise in Optical Detection and Generation 11. Detection of Optical Radiation 12. Periodic Structures 13. Waveguide Coupling 14. Nonlinear Optical Effects in Fibers 15. Semiconductor Lasers 16. Advanced Semiconductor Lasers 17. Optical Amplifiers 18. Classical Treatment of Quantum Optics, Quantum Noise, and Squeezing A. WAVE EQUATION IN CYLINDRICAL COORDINATES AND BESSEL FUNCTIONS B. EXACT SOLUTIONS OF THE STEP-INDEX CIRCULAR WAVEGUIDE C. KRAMERS-KRONIG RELATIONS D. TRANSFORMATION OF A COHERENT ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD BY A THIN LENS E. FERMI LEVEL AND ITS TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE F. ELECTRO-OPTIC EFFECT IN CUBIC 43M CRYSTALS G. CONVERSION FOR POWER UNITS AND ATTENUATION UNITS
Driver Responses to Urban Freeway Information Loads

Traffic control devices are intended to convey information to drivers enabling them to safely and efficiently negotiate highway systems. In addition to information from control devices, drivers gather information from surrounding traffic streams, highway geometry, the vehicle itself, and many off-road visual information sources. Driving on urban freeways demands a high level of driver attention to many, sometimes competing, information sources, and the driver must quickly filter these data—interpreting that which is important—and continually prepare for the next elements in the information stream. Drivers have finite abilities to receive, filter, and process information per time unit, and if the information flow reaches or exceeds typical human limits, driver stress levels may increase and important bits of information may be missed completely or misinterpreted. Relationships between information flow, driver stress, driver performance and accident experience have been hypothesized. This study classifies urban freeways in Dallas, Houston, and San Antonio, Texas, regarding the intensity of information flow or information load presented to drivers. Crash statistics for 1999, 2000, and 2001 are compared to information load rates and significant correlations are identified. Test drivers experience each of the twenty-seven information load levels identified for the freeways in the three Texas cities as they negotiate selected driving routes. A portable data acquisition system records the driver’s field of view, vehicle trajectory data, driver electro-cardiogram, and eye movements as the drivers experience the real world information flow situations. Correlations between driver stress level, characterized by heart rate or electrocardiogram wave form and information load, are identified. Thresholds for minimum and maximum desirable numbers of traffic control signs per unit distance are developed for freeways having two, three or four, and five or more lanes per direction. A methodology for classifying urban freeways regarding information loads presented to drivers is described.
Internal pressure in low and medium rise buildings subjected to high winds

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OBSERVATIONS OF THE EFFECT ON DRIVERS OF LANE GUIDANCE FUNCTION EMPLOYING IN-VEHICLE VOICE GUIDANCE AND DISPLAY UNITS

In 1995, OMROM Corporation thought it important to look into a method of information provision which can improve safety for the expressway users and thus constructed an experimental system which provides information on safe running, guidance for lane change, etc., by adding an information provision function to an in-vehicle unit. Using the experimental system, they conducted three experiments. The first experiment was on guidance for lane change by providing guidance information to drivers on a through lane by means of voice, image, or both. From this experiment, they found that provision of guidance information by using two different mediums of information provision simultaneously rather than independently was effective. The second experiment was to notify a vehicle traveling through the tollgate of the completion of their toll payment by issuing a beep sound to the in-vehicle unit of the vehicle. They found, from this experiment, that when a vehicle subject to Electronic Toll Collection (an ETC) was followed by a non-ETC vehicle (subject to cash-based attended or unattended toll collection), the driver of the ETC vehicle could be able to start from the pause with relative smoothness and pass through the tollgate with a sense of relief, because the driver was more quickly informed of the completion of toll payment acoustically by a beep sound from his or her in-vehicle unit rather than visually by a roadside LED display. The final experiment was to ensure safety between two vehicles traveling in succession within the tollgate area by issuing a warning for preventing rear-end collisions from the in-vehicle unit of the following vehicle upon stoppage of the preceding vehicle. This warning system was not found to be at all effective.
Some Effects of Thickness on the Longitudinal Characteristics of Sharp-Edged Delta Wings at Low Speeds

Recently there has been renewed interest in the concept of an all-wing aircraft as a means of producing cheap air transport over relatively short distances. It is natural that with the large amount of information on slender wings now available an all-wing aircraft based on a sharp-edged slender planform should be considered for this role. One of the difficulties immediately faced in developing this concept is that since the aircraft must carry a large number of passengers it is necessary that as much of the wing area as possible should be deep enough to provide for a large passenger cabin. Thus the wing will be very thick over a large part of its area. If this condition is not met, then the aircraft has too much wing area and hence too high a structure weight. Typically one may think of an aircraft with a delta wing of aspect ratio 2 and with a wing thickness of from 15% to 20% of the root chord over as much of the wing area as possible. At first sight thickness of this order eliminates the main advantage of slender wings since the effect of thickness is usually to reduce the strength of the leading-edge vortices and hence the non-linear lift. Thus the incidence for a given lift is increased above that for a thin wing. This in turn means that the lift-to-drag ratio may be smaller.
Correlation analysis of MTHFD1 gene polymorphisms and neural tube defects in Han population of Northern China

Background Neural tube defects (NTDs) is a common birth defects worldwide. The methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase1 (MTHFD1) gene has been proved to play an important role in folate metabolism, which was strongly associated with the increased NTDs risk. The study is aimed to explore the correlation of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in MTHFD1 gene with NTDs susceptibility. Methods A case-control study was conducted on children who included 152 NTDs patients and 169 healthy controls. Tag-SNPs were identified in HapMap database. Then, we investigated the association between NTDs and four selected tag-SNPs in MTHFD1 gene: rs1950902, rs2236225, rs2236224, rs11849530. We also performed a meta-analysis based on previous published studies to further evaluate the association. Results The results indicated that rs2236225 polymorphism displayed a significant association with NTDs risk (AA vs. GG: OR = 2.862, 95%CI = 1.022ཞ8.015; GA + AA vs. GG: OR = 1.619, 95%CI = 1.040ཞ2.520; A vs. G: OR = 1.500, 95%CI = 1.061ཞ2.120). In addition, rs2236224 polymorphism was correlated with increased NTDs risk (TT vs. CC: OR = 2.559, 95%CI = 1.128ཞ5.804; CT + TT vs. CC; OR = 1.631, 95%CI = 1.041ཞ2.556; T vs C: OR = 1.489, 95%CI = 1.072ཞ2.068). Further analysis showed the harmful effect of rs2236225 polymorphism was further supported by the result of meta-analysis. Meanwhile, haplotype analysis results showed that A-A and T-A haplotypes were correlated with increased NTDs risk, but C-A haplotype might decrease NTDs risk. Conclusions The results indicated that rs2236225 and rs2236224 polymorphisms of MTHFD1 gene were significantly associated with NTDs susceptibility in Han population of Northern China.
The digital principal : how to encourage a technology-rich learning environment that meets the needs of teachers and students

Technology has changed the way we live and interact with each other. In our modern world, schools need to establish learning environments that engage students and build on digital student experiences outside of school. Although education leaders do not have to be digital experts, they need to recognise the importance of supporting learning communities that embrace technological innovation. Principals have an important role in creating an effective school technology plan that supports teachers as they explore the potential of the digital world. The Digital Principal shows educational leaders how to apply their leadership skills to the challenge of creating and supporting a learning environment rich in technology and opportunities for students and teachers to work, teach, and learn in the digital age. From basics of digital literacy and digital citizenship, to connecting to the digital community and accessing digital and virtual worlds, this book establishes a framework for integrating technology into instruction and learning. It includes technology standards specific to educational administrators, a survey testing a school's TQ (Technology Quotient, or its readiness to embrace both the digital principle and the digital principal), tips for grant writing to improve a school's resources, and ways to support teachers in becoming facilitators to students' learning with technology. This timely book describes effective ways to provide visionary leadership in the digital age.