Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR PREDICTING MOISTURE MOVEMENT IN PAVEMENT SYSTEMS

A comprehensive moisture model for predicting moisture conditions in pavement systems, based on the Philip and de Vries equations for nonisothermal moisture movement and heat conduction, was developed. By using numerical methods, the implicit finite difference approximations to the moisture movement and heat-transfer equations were programmed for computer solution. Validation studies indicated that the moisture model could be used to accurately predict isothermal moisture conditions in pavement systems. The model was also used to show the relative influence of nonisothermal conditions on pavement moisture content. The model was applicable to a wide range of boundary conditions and could be used with climatic input data to predict the moisture-temperature regime in pavement systems. /Author/
The Role of Negative Emission Technologies in Addressing Our Climate Goals

Deadline: 1. March 2019 "It is clear that Negative Emission Technologies (NETs) can never be a wholesale replacement for reducing emissions but may be useful in displacing some energy/emission intensive sectors. It is unlikely that a single NETs proposal can be scaled sufficiently to meet this demand, and a portfolio of approaches may be more feasible. The primary removal methods of focus in this research topic of Frontiers in Climate will include all negative emissions strategies that directly mitigate climate change. " LINK
Survey on IoT solutions applied to Healthcare

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a new technological paradigm that allows any object or thing to be connected to other things, services or people through the Internet. IoT brings tools for empowering working areas such as health, logistics, industry, security, agriculture and environment. In this paper, we introduce a comprehensive survey of IoT technologies, methods, statistics and success cases applied to healthcare. In the last section its talked about the work done in this subject on the Colombian context, including successful applications and current projects.
Pioneer, Early Follower or Late Entrant: Entry Dynamics with Learning and Market Competition

Timing of market entry is one of the most important strategic decisions a ﬁrm must make, but its decision process becomes convoluted with information and payoff spillovers. The threat of competition pushes ﬁrms to enter earlier to preempt their rivals while the possibility of learning make them cautiously wait for others to take action. This combination amounts to a new class of timing games where ﬁrst-mover advantage ﬁrst emerges as in preemption games but second-mover advantage later prevails as in wars of attrition. Our model identiﬁes under what conditions a ﬁrm becomes a pioneer, early follower or late entrant and shows that the timing of entry is excessively early (late) when there emerges a late entrant (early follower). We also argue that consumer inertia is often efﬁciency-enhancing in this environment, highlighting an elusive link between static market competition and dynamic entry competition
Increasing alcohol interlock participation rates in Canada: best practices and the effects of insurance

Interlocks are an effective means of reducing recidivism among impaired driving offenders. However, interlock programs have suffered from low participation rates, and thus have not achieved their traffic safety potential. Moreover, many offenders who do not participate choose instead to drive without a licence or insurance. These drivers are overrepresented in fatal crashes and expose the public to the risk of uncompensated losses and injuries. This research reviews the alcohol interlock programs across Canada and identifies possible barriers to participation. Having determined the provinces with the highest participation rates, this paper identifies the program features that are most conducive to increasing participation. The provinces with the highest interlock participation rates generally have the most inclusive mandatory programs that apply to the greatest number of offenders. In these jurisdictions, enrollment in the interlock program is a condition of relicensing, preventing offenders from simply lwaiting outr the hard licence suspension period. Most of these provinces also reduce the minimum licence suspension period to encourage offenders to install an interlock. The provinces should design interlock and related policies to maximize participation rates. This includes making participation mandatory for all federal impaired driving offenders and shortening the provincial suspensions that otherwise apply. The total costs of an impaired driving conviction, including insurance, should be kept at a level that does not encourage offenders to forego the interlock program and drop out of the licensing system altogether.
Orthonormal-Basis Partitioning And Time-Frequency Representation of Non-Stationary Signals

Spectral analysis is important in many fields, such as speech, radar and biomedicine. Many signals encountered in these areas possess time-varying spectral characteristics. The power spectrum indicates what frequencies exist in the signal but it does not show when those frequencies occur. Time-frequency analysisprovides this missing information. A time-frequency representation of the signal shows the intensities of the frequencies in the signal at the times they occur, and thus reveals if and how the frequencies of a signal are changing over time.Time-dependent spectral analysis of beat-to-beat variations of cardiac rhythm, or heart rate variability (HRV), represents a major challenge due to the structure of the signal. A number oftime-frequency representations have been proposed for the estimation of the time-dependent spectra. However, time-frequency analysis of multicomponent physiological signals such as cardiac rhythm is complicated by the presence of numerous, ill-structured frequency elements. We sought to develop a simple method for 1)detecting changes in the structure of the HRV signal, 2)segmenting the signal into pseudo-stationary portions, and 3)exposing characteristic patterns of the changes in thetime-frequency plane. The method, referred to as Orthonormal-Basis Partitioning and Time-Frequency Representation (OPTR), is validated on simulated signals and HRV data. Unlike the traditional time-frequency HRV representations, which are usuallyapplied to short segments of signals recorded in controlled conditions, OPTR can be applied to long and "content-rich" ambulatory signals to obtain the signal representation along withits time-varying spectrum. Thus, the proposed approach extends the scope of applications of the time-frequency analysis to all types of HRV signals and to other physiological data.
Comunidades planejadas: utopia e segregação socioespacial em Florianópolis, Brasil.

A cidade de Florianópolis e seu bairro Jurerê Internacional acionam o sentido de utopia frente ao dito caos urbano das cidades brasileiras. O presente artigo objetiva analizar a formação dessa “comunidade planejada”, contrastando o discurso de sua promoção e sua realidade socioespacial. Para tanto, foram realizadas análises de documentos, pesquisas em arquivos, entrevistas, levantamentos de campo e análise de notícias vinculadas ao caso. Como resultado, encontrou-se que, além de planejar e implantar Jurerê Internacional, o empreendedor faz a gestão da urbanização, causando conflitos entre seus objetivos de lucratividade e os interesses dos moradores por exclusividade. Segundo, existem problemáticas ambientais e socioespaciais que vão de encontro à imagem propagandeada da cidade e do bairro, expondo contradições no discurso acerca destes lugares. Finalmente, neste caso, a utopia não se contrapõe à realidade existente; pelo contrário, surge para reforçá-la. Assim, mesmo que sem barreiras físicas, existem muros invisíveis em Jurerê Internacional que reforçam a desigualdade e a segregação socioespacial que caracterizam as cidades brasileiras. Com imagens espetacularizadas pela mídia local e internacional, o sentido de utopia em Florianópolis e Jurerê Internacional nos interpelam a pensar o futuro das cidades e das dinâmicas sociais engendradas pelo planejamento urbano contemporâneo.
Transcriptomic analysis of bovine monocytes in response to non-cytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus infection

Background: Monocytes are significant players in the detection of invading pathogens, particularly in pathogen defense. Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) can cause a persistent infection and immune suppression if animals are infected with an non-cytopathic (ncp) biotype. However, its exact role in ncp BVDV1-infected bovine monocytes remains poorly understood. Results: RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was used to investigate the effect of ncp BVDV1 infection on the transcriptional profile of bovine monocytes. Compared with the non-infected cells, 9959 and 7977 differentially expressed gene (DEGs) were identified at 2 and 24 h hpi, respectively. These DEGs were associated with signal transduction, immune response, apoptotic process, cellular process , binding and cellular component. The differential expression profiles of select the type I interferon signaling pathway , interferon (IFN)-stimulated genes (ISGs), and genes involved in the innate immune response, including IRF7, DDX3X, TLR13, DDX58(RIG-I), MVAS, TLR9, TRAF6, IRF1, IFIT1, STAT1, ISG20, TRIM25, MX1,NLRX1, CYLD, SIKE1 and ZAP70 were confirmed by real-time quantitative PCR and consistent with the RNA-seq data. Conclusion: Our transciptome anslysis provides useful initial data towards better understanding of the infection mechanisms used by ncp BVDV1, while highlighting the potential molecular relationships occurring between the virus and the host’s immune response.
Analyse d'une nouvelle architecture pipeline de convertisseur analogique numérique supraconducteur

L'objectif de ce travail etait d’elaborer la brique de base d'un convertisseur analogique numerique supraconducteur a architecture pipeline, fonctionnant a 30GHz de frequence d’echantillonnage. Ce convertisseur est constitue d’un bloc de N comparateurs disposes en cascade le long d’une ligne de transmission. Chaque etage de comparaison est constitue d'un SQUID rf mutuellement couple a un troncon de ligne de transmission. Lorsque le signal a convertir arrive a la hauteur d'un comparateur, il genere un champ magnetique qui induit un courant dans le SQUID rf. Ce courant pourra faire commuter la jonction Josephson du SQUID rf dans certains cas, en fonction des caracteristiques internes de la jonction Josephson du SQUID et de son environnement. La commutation, qui s’accompagne de l’apparition d’une impulsion de tension quantifiee SFQ, a ete etudiee de maniere theorique et experimentale en fonction des differents parametres du probleme.
Controllable single-phase smart synchronous generator towards solar-pneumatic power generation

This paper presents the development of a controllable single-phase surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous generator (SPSMPMSG) for low speed applications. Presently, the world is faced with degrading climatic conditions that may be worsen if energy need is met by fossil fuel and other conventional means of generation. On the other hand, renewable alternatives are not always of constant speed, and are usually not high enough to turn conventional alternators. There is therefore a need for the development of alternators that can generate electricity from low speed sources. The development of permanent magnet from rare-earth materials has revolutionized the electrical generator development. Permanent magnet machines are characterized by high torque, low noise, high efficiency and high power factor. The use of these magnets also made it possible to add computer based controllability making the generator a smart machine. This paper presents a CAD design of smart generator at an input speed of 500rpm to a turbine to produce a constant output of 220V. Simulation and physical test results produce an output of 220V ± 1% and give a clear indication that low speed renewable energy sources can produce usable electrical power. Keywords: Smart generator, Permanent magnet generator, stator, rotor, Computer-aided design.
Eye Movements as an Indicator of Situation Awareness in a Flight Simulator Experiment

This article discusses the potential for eye movements as a means to assess situation awareness (SA) in a flight simulator setting. In a scenario, SA was hampered by introducing a system malfunction in the form of a fuel leak that resulted in a fuel imbalance. Twelve airline pilots participated in the experiment. An eye tracker was used to track the pilot's visual scanning behavior across the areas of interest (AoIs) in the cockpit. Differences in attentional focus and scanning entropy were observed when the crews searched for the malfunction. The results provided insight into the use of fixation rates and dwell times as information acquisition indicators (Level 1 SA), and the use of entropy as an indicator of new information acquisition activities (Level 3 SA). These findings contribute to the further development and exploration of eye movement analyses as an objective indicator of SA in a civil aviation cockpit setting.
Enabling solutions for sustainable living : a workshop

This title includes a book and CD-ROM. Sustainability, environmental impact, green design, urban sprawl - all buzzwords we have become familiar with in the ongoing dialogue about climate change and global warming. This book presents student work that explores these issues and exemplifies the application of Ezio Manzini's theories of 'enabling solutions'. Students from the University of Calgary's Faculty of Environmental Design worked together to identify some of the challenges of suburbia with respect to sustainable design.Exploring such issues as the local quality of life, community cohesiveness, and environmental impacts of suburban areas, the workshop participants presented posters, tables, matrices, and other graphic materials that illustrate key concepts, the resources required, and the main players involved in their implementation. In addition to the student work showcased here, "Enabling Solutions" also includes essays by Manzini, Walker, and Wylant that contextualise the key issues and elaborate on the theoretical basis for the student workshop.
Analysis Of Independence Of Pork Prices In Russia From World Pork Prices

The article considers the Russian pork market as a part of the world market. It has been determined that over the past 10 years, the market has undergone many changes due to Russia's accession to the WTO, the introduction of sanctions against the country, the introduction of restrictive measures on pork import from some countries. Determining the market's independence from imports required making up a model of the relationship between pork prices in Russia and world pork prices. The data on weekly average market prices for pork in Russia (State Statistics Service) and the data on prices for pork futures on the Chicago produce exchange (prices are given in rubles) have been analyzed. It has been assumed that if the market is not dependent on imports, prices for pork should not depend on world prices, and vice versa. The analysis carried out using the Granger causality concept has shown that in 2014-2019, pork prices in Russia did not depend on world prices. Granger causality tests the hypothesis on whether one of the variables under consideration can be the cause of another variable. There is a logical explanation for the lack of dependence in the fact that pork imports in Russia occupy a small share and were decreasing over the observed period (data are given both in value terms and in volume terms). The proposed method allows us to assess the independence of local food markets from world prices. 2357-1330 © 2021 Published by European Publisher.
Incidence and effect on grain yield of the “monkey’s hand” disease in 29 maize genotypes

Recientemente, se ha observado un incremento en la presencia de una posible nueva enfermedad en plantas de maíz que genera prolificidad de mazorcas que los agricultores denominan “mano de chango”. Estos síntomas se han observado en áreas tropicales, subtropicales y del altiplano de México. Observaciones iniciales, en los años 1960s, indicaron, sin pruebas, que esta enfermedad era causada por hongos, insectos, o deficiencias nutricionales con incidencia de hasta 100% y pérdidas en producción de grano. Este es el primer trabajo en que se evalúa la incidencia de la enfermedad en 21 híbridos comerciales en el Valle de Toluca, México, un híbrido comercial y una variedad nativa de polinización libre en el Valle del Mezquital, Hidalgo, y seis variedades mejoradas de polinización libre en Montecillo, Texcoco, México. La mayor incidencia y pérdidas en rendimiento de grano por la enfermedad se observó en los genotipos Aspros HC8 y la variedad nativa “Hidalgo”, en el Valle del Mezquital, Hidalgo, en donde la presencia de síntomas de la enfermedad mostró una considerable reducción en rendimiento. Es necesario continuar estudios para investigar su etiología y generar información para selección de resistencia genética a esta posible nueva enfermedad.
A Handbook for Doctoral Supervisors

Introduction Part 1: The Context 1. The Overall Context 2. The Institutional Context 3. The Disciplinary Context Part 2: Preparing the Ground 4. Recruitment and Selection 5. Working Relationships A. Candidates 6. Working Relationships B. Co-supervisors Part 3: Supporting the Research Project 7. Academic Guidance and Support 8. Encouraging Early Writing and Giving Feedback 9. Keeping the Project on Track and Monitoring Progression Part 4: Supporting the Candidate 10. Personal, Professional, Academic and Career Support 11. Responding to Diversity A. Domestic Candidates 12. Responding to Diversity B. International Candidates Part 5: Supporting Completion and Examination 13. Completion and Submission 14. Preparation for Examination 15. Examination Part 6: Evaluation and Dissemination 16. Evaluation and Dissemination Conclusions
Making AI Intelligible

Can humans and artificial intelligences share concepts and communicate? One aim of Making AI Intelligible is to show that philosophical work on the metaphysics of meaning can help answer these questions. Cappelen and Dever use the externalist tradition in philosophy of to create models of how AIs and humans can understand each other. In doing so, they also show ways in which that philosophical tradition can be improved: our linguistic encounters with AIs revel that our theories of meaning have been excessively anthropocentric. The questions addressed in the book are not only theoretically interesting, but the answers have pressing practical implications. Many important decisions about human life are now influenced by AI. In giving that power to AI, we presuppose that AIs can track features of the world that we care about (e.g. creditworthiness, recidivism, cancer, and combatants.) If AIs can share our concepts, that will go some way towards justifying this reliance on AI. The book can be read as a proposal for how to take some first steps towards achieving interpretable AI. Making AI Intelligible is of interest to both philosophers of language and anyone who follows current events or interacts with AI systems. It illustrates how philosophy can help us understand and improve our interactions with AI.
The New School of Information Security

“It is about time that a book like The New School came along. The age of security as pure technology is long past, and modern practitioners need to understand the social and cognitive aspects of security if they are to be successful. Shostack and Stewart teach readers exactly what they need to know--I just wish I could have had it when I first started out. ”--David Mortman, CSO-in-Residence Echelon One, former CSO Seibel SystemsWhy is information security so dysfunctional? Are you wasting the money you spend on security? This book shows how to spend it more effectively. How can you make more effective security decisions? This book explains why professionals have taken to studying economics, not cryptography--and why you should, too. And why security breach notices are the best thing to ever happen to information security. It's about time someone asked the biggest, toughest questions about information security. Security experts Adam Shostack and Andrew Stewart don't just answer those questions--they offer honest, deeply troubling answers. They explain why these critical problems exist and how to solve them. Drawing on powerful lessons from economics and other disciplines, Shostack and Stewart offer a new way forward. In clear and engaging prose, they shed new light on the critical challenges that are faced by the security field. Whether you're a CIO, IT manager, or security specialist, this book will open your eyes to new ways of thinking about--and overcoming--your most pressing security challenges. The New School enables you to take control, while others struggle with non-stop crises. Better evidence for better decision-making Why the security data you have doesn't support effective decision-making--and what to do about it Beyond security “silos”: getting the job done together Why it's so hard to improve security in isolation--and how the entire industry can make it happen and evolve Amateurs study cryptography; professionals study economics What IT security leaders can and must learn from other scientific fields A bigger bang for every buck How to re-allocate your scarce resources where they'll do the most good
The causes of I.C.T. use which increase time spent on the Internet by secondary school students and affect exposure to bullying from other students

Abstract The goal of the article is to explore the relationship between reasons for using the Internet and time spent on the Internet. The article also deals with reasons for using the Internet and exposure to bullying among adolescents. The survey was carried out on 710 secondary school students, based on a questionnaire about the habits and frequency of using information and communication technology (I.C.T.) The basic statistical values and multiple linear regression analysis were used. Based on the evaluation of the obtained data, the main reason for Internet use are video games, which confirms the first hypothesis, i.e., the relationship between the reason for using the Internet and the time spent using it. The second hypothesis can also be confirmed, i.e., that there is a significant statistical correlation between the time spent using the Internet and exposure to bullying, in the sense that certain reasons for using I.C. T. contribute to lower exposure to bullying. The results point to the resilience factors under consideration in a sense that some of these variables contribute to a shorter use of the Internet, and so to a lower exposure to bullying. Based on the obtained results it is possible to plan further preventive interventions in that sense.