Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Is there a role for cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in the assessment of biological aortic valves?

Patients with biological aortic valves (following either surgical aortic valve replacement [SAVR] or trans catheter aortic valve implantation [TAVI]) require lifelong follow-up with an imaging modality to assess prosthetic valve function and dysfunction. Echocardiography is currently the first-line imaging modality to assess biological aortic valves. In this review, we discuss the potential role of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) as an additional imaging modality in situations of inconclusive or equivocal echocardiography. Planimetry of the prosthetic orifice can theoretically be measured, as well as the effective orifice area, with potential limitations, such as CMR valve-related artefacts and calcifications in degenerated prostheses. The true benefit of CMR is its ability to accurately quantify aortic regurgitation (paravalvular and intra-valvular) with a direct and reproducible method independent of regurgitant jet morphology to accurately assess reverse remodelling and non-invasively detect focal and interstitial diffuse myocardial fibrosis. Following SAVR or TAVI for aortic stenosis, interstitial diffuse fibrosis can regress, accompanied by structural and functional improvement that CMR can accurately assess.
Modeling the Impact of On-Street Parking on Main Parameters on Vehicular Traffic

The management of on-street park is one of main parameters in traffic management. The lack of concentrated parking results in increased on-street parking and disturbance in traffic system. Approximation of traffic variants in precise analysis of movement management trend has an important role. The behavioral pattern of on-street park have direct relation with land use around high ways as well as quantity and quality of traffic variants such as: speed, delay time, flow rate and volume to capacity rate which are effective in movement analysis. The recognition of relational model between dependent and independent variables as well as knowledge of all effective conditions in this model and it's application in analysis of movement management are of these research aims. (Heidar reihani S, Naseri A, Vafaei Pour Sorkhabi R, Zehforoush K. Modeling the Impact of On-Street Parking on Main Parameters on Vehicular Traffic. Life Sci J 2013;10(6s):829-834) (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite. com. 131
Laboratory proposal for studies on poultry environment

The goal of the present work was the instrumentation and validation of a laboratory equipped with a control system for air temperature (tair), relative air humidity (RH) and air velocity (V) to study the environment for small animals. An experimental was equipped with two air conditioners to manage basic tair and RH in order to work. Four wind tunnels, with partial recirculation of air were installed in the room. Each tunnel features two electric heaters and two humidifiers divided into two operation stages. The air velocity is manually controlled by potentiometers connected to exhaust fans. A system to acquire data and control climatic variables was installed in the laboratory and it consisted of a datalogger, a multiplexer channel, a relay controller , tair and RH sensors, sensors for measuring water temperature and digital helix anemometer to measure air velocity. The results showed that the system presented deviations of ± 0.19 °C, ± 0.75% and ± 0.05 m s -1 for tair, RH and V, respectively, when comparing the values measured inside the tunnels to those previously established (setpoints).
Oblique direction reach test: evaluating psychometric properties in stroke population

Background Post-stroke individuals are observed to have reduced limits of stability (LOS) in all directions. Functional activities are rarely performed in pure cardinal planes; instead, they are most likely to be performed in an oblique direction. Existing tools are either expensive or sophisticated to assess the LOS in an oblique direction. Therefore, this study’s primary objective is to evaluate the intra-rater, inter-rater reliability, and validity of the oblique direction reach test (ODRT) among stroke subjects. Materials & Methods A total of 96 first-time stroke patients with age, gender, height, and weight-matched healthy controls aged 18–80 years were recruited for the study. Oblique, forward, and lateral reach distances were assessed using the standard procedure of ODRT, Functional Reach Test (FRT), and Lateral Reach Test (LRT), respectively. Validity was tested by correlating the ODRT distance with the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) Score using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and Bland Altman analysis were used to establish inter-rater reliability. ICCs were used to find intra-rater reliability. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to establish the mean difference of the FRT, LRT, and ODRT. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient and linear regression were used to correlate the distance of FRT and LRT with ODRT. Results A high concurrent validity was found between BBS and ODRT with an r-value of 0.905 (p < 0.001). Inter-rater reliability was high with an ICC of 0.997 (95% CI [0.996–0.998]), and intra-rater reliability was highly significant with an ICC of 0.996 (95% CI [0.994–0.998]). The stroke subjects reached a significantly shorter distance than healthy individuals in FRT, ODRT, and LRT. ODRT was highly correlated with FRT (r = 0.985) and LRT (r = 0.978) (p < 0.001) and had an R2 = 0.987. Conclusion ODRT is a highly valid and reliable tool that can be used to evaluate balance in stroke patients. Individuals who reached less in the forward and lateral directions showed reduced reach distance in the oblique direction.
A Review on Plant Disease Detection Using Hyperspectral Imaging

Agriculture production is one of the fundamental contributors to a nation's economic development. Every year, plant diseases result in significant crop losses that threaten the global food supply chain. Early estimation of plant diseases could play an essential role in safeguarding crops and fostering economic growth. Recently, hyperspectral imaging techniques have emerged as powerful tools for early disease detection, as they have demonstrated capabilities to detect plant diseases from tissue to canopy levels. This article provides an extensive overview of the principles, types, and operating platforms of hyperspectral image sensors. Furthermore, this article delves into the specifics of these sensors' application in plant disease detection, including disease identification, classification, severity analysis, and understanding genetic resistance. In addition, this article addresses the current challenges in the field and suggests potential solutions to mitigate these pressing issues. Finally, this article outlines the promising future trends and directions of hyperspectral imaging in plant disease detection and analysis. With continuous improvement and application, these imaging techniques have great potential to revolutionize plant disease management, thereby enhancing agricultural productivity and ensuring food security.
Application of fixed point smoothing to the calibration, alignment and navigation data of inertial navigation systems

The authors present an application of the fixed-point smoothing technique to calculate the relative azimuth of inertial measurement units (IMU), by postprocessing of calibration and alignment data. It is shown that the smoother performs best when the filter and smoother error covariances for gyro fixed-drift-rate parameters are increased. A test scenario was created with the calibration and alignment data from an IMU simulator. The data were postprocessed and the smoother estimated all but 0.1 arc seconds of the filter azimuth error. This is well within the expected accuracy for relative azimuth computation. <<ETX>>
Assessment Of Ambient Air Quality Status In Urbanization, Industrialization And Commercial Centers Of Uttarakhand (India)

Development in industrialization, urbanization and expansion of the Haridwar city has resulted in increase of air pollution like SO 2 , NO x , SPM and RSPM in urban and industrial areas of Haridwar (Uttarakhand), India. This investigation represented the assessment of ambient air quality with respect to PM 10 (RSPM), SPM, oxides of nitrogen (NO x ) and sulphur dioxide (SO 2 ) at four sites namely Shivalik nagar, SIDCUL, Clock Tower, and Bhadrabad. Meteorological parameters like temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and rainfall were also recorded simultaneously during the sampling period. Monthly and seasonal variation of these pollutants have been observed and recorded. The annual average and range values have also been calculated. It has been observed that the concentrations of the pollutants are high in winter in comparison to the summer or the monsoon seasons. Investigation results elucidates that industrial activities, indiscriminate open air burning of coal by the local inhabitants for cooking as well as cooking purpose, vehicular traffic etc. are responsible for the high concentration of pollutants in this area. In the present study, it was noticed that the SPM and PM 10 levels at residential and industrial areas exceeds the prescribed limits as stipulated by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) New Delhi, India. Apart from this the SO 2 and NO x levels in residential, industrial and commercial areas remain under prescribed limits of CPCB. (New York Science Journal 2010;3(7):85-94). (ISSN: 1554-0200).
Life cycle assessment of animal origin products

Greenhouse gas emissions from livestock production have a major impact on the environment. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is an accepted method to assess those environmental impacts associated with all stages of products life from cradle to grave, and is used to determine the carbon footprint (CF) of animal origin products. CF is just an environmental indicator to assess sustainability of livestock products, such as milk, beef, pork, chicken, eggs, etc. and is used on products packaging as a so-called carbon label to inform supply chain professionals about the relative impacts of different products and activities. From the published studies who assessed the impact of production of milk, beef, lamb, pork, chicken and eggs using LCA, it is concluded that production of 1 kg of beef used most land and energy and had highest global warming potential, followed by production of 1 kg of lamb, pork, chicken, eggs and milk. However, it should be pointed out that LCA results for livestock products do not include environmental consequences of competition for land between humans and animals, and consequences of land-use changes.
FEATURES OF WIND FIELD OVER THE SEA SURFACE IN THE COASTAL AREA BASED ON SAR OBSERVATIONS

“Wind-shadowing” effects in the Gulf of Finland coastal zone are analyzed using high resolution Envisat Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) measurements and model simulations. These effects are related to the internal boundary layer (IBL) development due to abrupt change the surface roughness at the sea-land boundary. Inside the "shadow" areas the airflow accelerates and the surface wind stress increases with the fetch. Such features can be revealed in SAR images as dark areas adjacent to the coastal line. Quantitative description of these effects is important for offshore wind energy resource assessment. It is found that the surface wind stress scaled by its equilibrium value (far from the coast) is universal functions of the dimensionless fetch Xf/G. Wind stress reaches an equilibrium value at the distance Xf/G of about 0.4.
Liberal Leviathan

Preface xi Acknowledgments xvii Chapter One: Crisis of the Old Order 1 Part One: Theoretical Foundations 33 Chapter Two: Power and the Varieties of Order 35 Chapter Three: Power and Strategies of Rule 79 Chapter Four: Unipolarity and Its Consequences 119 Part Two: Historical Origins and Trajectories of Change 157 Chapter Five: The Rise of the American System 159 Chapter Six: The Great Transformation and the Failure of Illiberal Hegemony 221 Chapter Seven: Dilemmas and Pathways of Liberal International Order 279 Chapter Eight: Conclusion: The Durability of Liberal International Order 333 Index 361
Intranuclear inclusions of polyQ-expanded ATXN1 sequester RNA molecules

Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disease caused by a trinucleotide (CAG) repeat expansion in the ATXN1 gene. It is characterized by the presence of polyglutamine (polyQ) intranuclear inclusion bodies (IIBs) within affected neurons. In order to investigate the impact of polyQ IIBs in SCA1 pathogenesis, we generated a novel protein aggregation model by inducible overexpression of the mutant ATXN1(Q82) isoform in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Moreover, we developed a simple and reproducible protocol for the efficient isolation of insoluble IIBs. Biophysical characterization showed that polyQ IIBs are enriched in RNA molecules which were further identified by next-generation sequencing. Finally, a protein interaction network analysis indicated that sequestration of essential RNA transcripts within ATXN1(Q82) IIBs may affect the ribosome resulting in error-prone protein synthesis and global proteome instability. These findings provide novel insights into the molecular pathogenesis of SCA1, highlighting the role of polyQ IIBs and their impact on critical cellular processes.
Elephants in the Dust: the African Elephant Crisis. A Rapid Response Assessment

This rapid response assessment report brings together critical up-to-date information from the CITES-recognized systems that monitor the status of elephants, the illegal killing of elephants, and the legal and illegal trade in ivory. Collectively, these systems deliver consistent, evidence-based information to improve our understanding of the dynamics of the illegal ivory supply chain.
Estimating the Accelerated Sea Level Rise along the Korean Peninsula Using Multiscale Analysis

ABSTRACT Uranchimeg, S. ; Cho, H. -R. , Kim, Y. -T. , Hwang, K.N. , and Kwon, H. -H. , 2016. Estimating the accelerated sea level rise along the Korean Peninsula using multiscale analysis. In: Vila-Concejo, A. ; Bruce, E. ; Kennedy, D.M. , and McCarroll, R.J. (eds.), Proceedings of the 14th International Coastal Symposium (Sydney, Australia). Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue, No. 75, pp. 770–774. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. An accelerated sea level rise has recently been detected in many parts of the world. It has been acknowledged that isolation of the acceleration in the long-term is difficult due to the fact that there is an embedded low frequency associated with the climate variability. In light of this, this paper aims to provide a new multiscale assessment tool for the estimation of sea-level acceleration for tide gauge data along the Korean peninsula. This study employed the wavelet transform (WT) and the Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD) methods to better isolate time varying oscillation and estimate reliable sea-level acceleration of the trend. This paper first examined the WT and the EEMD methods to fully understand their capability using synthetic data, and then further investigated the acceleration rates of the historical tide gauge records. It was found that the EEMD showed more reliable estimates than the WT in terms of the trend error. The smooth increase in the trend at all stations, except Wido, and acceleration in southern coastlines of South Korea was identified through the EEMD. Future work must be focused on developing a Bayesian-based nonstationary frequency analysis model in which the estimated acceleration rates are used to evaluate the risk associated with sea-level rise.
INDIVIDUAL TREE AGB ESTIMATION BASED ON FRACTAL PARAMETERS AND TREE VOLUME

Abstract. Forest is an important component of ecosystem. To estimate forest above-ground biomass (AGB) accurately, this paper proposed an individual tree AGB estimation method based on fractal geometry and individual tree volume. In this study, fractal parameters, such as fractal dimension and intercept were first calculated. And then, a fast tree volume estimation method based on point clouds voxelization was proposed. By combining fractal parameters, tree volume and specific wood density together, an individual tree AGB estimation method was developed. The datasets of three different tree species with harvest referenced AGB values were used for evaluating the performance of the developed model. Experimental results showed that the coefficient of determination (R2) of the developed model was 0.853. Compared with other four traditional allometric models, the proposed model performs the best no matter which accuracy indicator was adopted.
Iron production and its position in Iron Age communities of southern Africa

Indigenous iron working has received considerable attention from Africanist archaeologists but its contribution to the evolution of political process has never attracted serious interest in southern Africa. In this article, comparative historical and archaeological data presented suggest that specialist iron working was linked with the configuration and reconfiguration of political and economic systems. This is because iron was produced within a worldview and the ideological and symbolic meanings attached to its production and use sometimes fashioned opportunities through which power was created, negotiated and institutionalized. A number of examples from southern Africa are discussed and serve to illustrate these points.
Controlling PMSG Wind Turbine Connected to Three Level Neutral Point Clamped Inverter Based on MPC

Wind energy generation systems are facing increasing importance in terms of harmonic distortion control and power quality standards. In recent years, variable speed has also risen rapidly due to advancements in power electronics. The three key elements of a wind power conversion system (WECS) are electrical generators, machine-side converters, and grid-side converters. It should be noted that the permanent magnet synchronous generator is one of the most often used types of electrical generators due to its special qualities. When wind energy is converted to the proper electrical power, it may be injected into the utility grid using either synchronous generators or grid-side converters. Therefore, an investigation of several topologies and control strategies is required to determine which is the best for the machine-side converter. The use of model predictive control (MPC) for a surface mount permanent magnet synchronous machine wind turbine is the main topic of this work. The machine's electrical model is the one that was utilized. The power converters are selected considering the intricate and highly nonlinear aerodynamic system of the wind turbines. MPC is a promising control technique despite being a relatively recent application in power electronics. In addition, MATLAB and Simulink are used to build the MPC code and offer a simplified model of the turbine.
The Role of Minoritized Student Representation in Promoting Achievement and Equity Within College STEM Courses

In the context of continued equity gaps in student success within and beyond STEM, this paper explored the extent to which the representation of underrepresented racial minority (URM) and first-generation college students predict grades in postsecondary STEM courses. The analyses examined 87,027 grades received by 11,868 STEM-interested students within 8,468 STEM courses at 20 institutions. Cross-classified multilevel models and student fixed effects analyses of these data both support the same conclusion: the proportion of URM and first-generation students within a class is positively associated with STEM grades among all students, and these relationships are stronger among students who are members of the minoritized group. Thus, promoting the representation of students with minoritized identities in STEM courses may lead to greater equity in college outcomes.
Diver Impacts on coral reefs at Kealakekua Bay, Hawai'i

A comparison of overall substratum composition between the two sites can beused to test the assumption that control and impact sites are similar. In figure 5 thepercent composition of both living coral (green) and non-living bottom types (blue) areshown for comparison at both sites. Both areas were characterized by a predominanceof lobe coral (
Passive Tomography to Image Stress Redistribution Prior to Failure on Berea Sandstone and Marcellus Shale for Caprock Integrity

A recent concern is the cause and effect of global climate change. Many institutions give credit for these changes to the increased levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, in particular the increase in the amount of carbon dioxide present. There is a growing interest in carbon capture and storage (CCS) as a means to reduce the global impact of CO2 on the climate as a greenhouse gas. Carbon capture is the process of removing CO2 from the atmosphere as well as preventing it from entering the atmosphere by means of exhaust. The captured carbon is stored underground in reservoirs. These reservoirs have the storage space to handle the volume of CO2 injected as well as a caprock layer preventing the injection fluid from returning to the surface. Additionally, CO2 can be used for enhanced oil recovery (EOR). To monitor the injection sites used for the CO2 storage or EOR process, the integrity of the caprock as well as the surrounding rock formations are the locations of interest. Knowing when a joint or a fracture is going to slip is necessary to prevent major failures within geologic strata. It is necessary to prevent these slips from occurring to retain the integrity of the caprock, which is keeping the fluid within
Modifications of Blood Molecular Components after Treatment with Low Ozone Concentrations

The ex vivo treatment of a limited volume of blood with gaseous oxygen–ozone (O2–O3) mixtures and its rapid reinfusion into the patient is a widespread medical procedure. O3 instantly reacts with the blood’s antioxidant systems, disappearing before reinfusion, although the molecules formed act as messengers in the organism, inducing multiple antioxidant and anti-inflammatory responses. An appropriate dose of O3 is obviously essential to ensure both safety and therapeutic efficacy, and in recent years, the low-dose O3 concept has led to a significant reduction in the administered O3 concentrations. However, the molecular events triggered by such low concentrations in the blood still need to be fully elucidated. In this basic study, we analysed the molecular modifications induced ex vivo in sheep blood by 5 and 10 µg O3/mL O2 by means of a powerful metabolomics analysis in association with haemogas, light microscopy and bioanalytical assays. This combined approach revealed increased oxygenation and an increased antioxidant capacity in the O3-treated blood, which accorded with the literature. Moreover, original information was obtained on the impact of these low O3 concentrations on the metabolic pathways of amino acids, carbohydrates, lipids and nucleotides, with the modified metabolites being mostly involved in the preservation of the oxidant–antioxidant balance and in energy production.