Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Novel nitrite-embedded packaging improves surface redness of dark-cutting longissimus steaks

Abstract The objective of this research was to determine the effects of nitrite-embedded/FreshCase packaging on lean color of dark-cutting beef. Eight dark-cutting (pH > 6.0) and eight USDA Low Choice (normal-pH; mean pH = 5.6) beef strip loins (longissimus lumborum) were selected 3 day after harvest. Each dark-cutting loin was sliced into five 2.5-cm thick steaks and randomly assigned to 1) dark-cutting steak packaged in polyvinyl chloride film (PVC) overwrap, 2) dark-cutting steak packaged in nitrite-embedded film, 3) dark-cutting steaks dipped in 0.2% rosemary solution and packaged in nitrite-embedded film, and 4) dark-cutting steak dipped in deionized water and packaged in nitrite-embedded film. The fifth dark-cutting steak was used to determine pH and proximate composition. Normal-pH choice loins were used as a control and each loin was randomly assigned to either PVC overwrap for retail display or to determine pH and proximate composition. Packages were placed in coffin-style retail display cases under continuous fluorescent lighting for 3 days. A HunterLab MiniScan XE Plus spectrophotometer was utilized to characterize steak color every 24 h. There was a significant treatment × storage time interaction (P < 0.05) for a* values and nitric oxide myoglobin formation. On days 1, 2, and 3 of the display, nitrite-embedded treatment improved (P < 0.05) redness compared to other dark-cutting steaks in PVC. A 45% increase in redness (P < 0.05) was observed for nitrite-embedded rosemary treatment over dark-cutting steak in PVC on day 3 of display. Nitric oxide myoglobin formation on day 0 was less for all dark-cutting steaks in nitrite-embedded packaging. Metmyoglobin content was greater (P < 0.05) on day 0 for dark-cutting steaks packaged in nitrite-embedded treatments than dark-cutting steaks in PVC. However, metmyoglobin level in dark-cutting steaks packaged in nitrite-embedded treatments decreased (P < 0.05) on day 1 compared with day 0. Dark-cutting steaks packaged in PVC had greater (P < 0.05) L* values on day 0 than other dark-cutting steaks in nitrite-embedded packaging. Conversely, on days 1, 2, and 3, there were no differences (P > 0.05) in L* values between dark-cutting treatments. Dark-cutting steaks in nitrite-embedded packaging had lower total plate count (P < 0.05) than dark-cutting steak packaged in PVC. The current research indicated that nitrite-embedded packaging has the potential to improve surface color of dark-cutting beef.
Direct Exfoliation of g-C3N4 with Addition of NaOH for Enhanced Photocatalytic Cr(VI) Reduction

A simple, effective and environmental-friendly method was adopted for enhancing the photocatalytic activity of g-C3N4 in the reduction of aqueous Cr(VI) under visible-light irradiation. The enhancement was achieved via treatment of g-C3N4 in organic solvent with addition of NaOH particles by ultrasonic process for two hours. The results demonstrated that the treated g-C3N4 exhibited much higher photocatalytic activity than pristine g-C3N4 in the reduction of Cr(VI) . Under visible light irradiation for 120 min, the reduced ratios of Cr(VI) with the initial concentration of 50 mg/L in the presence of the treated g-C3N4and pristine g-C3N4 were 100% and 37.1%, respectively. With the addition of fulvic acid, Cr(VI) was efficiently removed at 40 min. Based on the characterization results of the structures and other physiochemical properties of the treated g-C3N4 and pristine g-C3N4 by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and UV Vis diffuse reflectance, the possible reasons responsible for the enhanced photocatalytic activity of the treated g-C3N4 were proposed. The yield and mechanism of different exfoliation methods were compared by semi-quantitative method.
Toll‐like receptor 4 antagonist protects neonatal mice from hyperoxia‐induced alveolar simplification

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is the most common co‐morbidity following preterm birth. The characteristic lung phenotype of BPD is impaired alveolarization due at least in part to inflammation caused by exposure to hyperoxia. Clinical studies have suggested that interruption of the inflammatory response in preterm infants could result in amelioration and potential reversal of the deleterious effects of hyperoxic exposure on lung development that lead to the BPD phenotype. Neonatal mice placed in hyperoxia (85% oxygen) on post‐natal day 1 (P1) over a week develop histological evidence of lung injury and abnormal lung development manifest by fewer and larger alveoli, otherwise termed alveolar simplification, that is reminiscent of BPD in humans. In fetal mice administration of LPS altered lung development by impairing alveolarization leading to pathological changes resembling BPD, while these changes did not occur in toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR‐4) knock‐out mice. In adult mice with influenza, treatment with a TLR4 antagonist protected the mice from developing lung injury and mortality. We tested the hypothesis that neonatal mice treated with a TLR4 antagonist would be protected from hyperoxia‐induced alveolar simplification. C57BL/6 mice were used in these studies. Neonatal mice on post‐natal day 1 (P1) were placed in either room air (normoxia) or 85% oxygen (hyperoxia) by placing their cages in a Plexiglas chamber and flowing either room air or 85% oxygen through the chamber at 10 lpm. Dams were rotated daily between a normoxic litter and a hyperoxic litter to prevent oxygen toxicity in the dam. Mice were either given vehicle (DMSO) or a TLR4 antagonist, TAK242, 2 mg/kg IM daily during the exposure. After 7 days the neonatal animals were euthanized and the lungs were inflation‐fixed for H&E staining and determination of alveolar area, perimeter, and number using automated software. The vehicle‐treated mice exposed to hyperoxia had significantly greater alveolar area and perimeter than did vehicle‐treated mice exposed to normoxia, while vehicle‐treated, hyperoxia‐exposed mice had significantly fewer alveoli than did vehicle‐treated, normoxia‐exposed mice. The vehicle‐treated, hyperoxia‐exposed mice had substantially greater mean alveolar area than did TAK242‐treated, hyperoxia‐exposed mice (1381±61 μm2 vs 1036±52 μm2, p<0.001). Alveolar perimeter was greater in vehicle‐treated, hyperoxia‐exposed mice (213±6 μm) than in TAK242‐treated, hyperoxia‐exposed mice (184±6 μm, p<0.001). Furthermore, in hyperoxia, vehicle‐treated mice had substantially lower mean alveolar numbers than did TAK242‐treated mice (29±2 vs 42±3, p<0.005); whereas in normoxia, there was no difference in alveolar area, perimeter or number between vehicle‐treated mice and TAK242‐treated mice. Taken together these data demonstrate that a TLR4 antagonist attenuates the lung histopathologic changes reminiscent of BPD in a hyperoxic neonatal mouse model.
EVIDÊNCIAS DA RELAÇÃO ENTRE DESEMPREGO E PRODUTO A PARTIR DA UTILIZAÇÃO DOS FILTROS HP E HAMILTON

O Brasil na atualidade enfrenta altas taxas de desemprego com um número que atinge cerca de treze milhões de brasileiros. Dentre as teorias mais comumente aplicadas aos estudos relacionados ao mercado de trabalho que abordam o tema de desemprego está a lei de Okun, que revela que o hiato do produto é proporcional à diferença entre a taxa de desemprego e a taxa natural de desemprego. O objetivo deste artigo é contribuir com a literatura sobre o desemprego a partir de evidências empíricas da lei de Okun para o Brasil durante o período de 2012 a 2019 comparando duas abordagens: uma com a aplicação do filtro estatístico de Hodrick-Prescott para o hiato e outra com a aplicação do filtro de Hamilton. Para tanto, utiliza-se a estratégia econométrica de regressão estatística pelo método de Modelos Autorregressivos de Defasagem Distribuída (ARDL). Os resultados corroboram com a literatura e apontam para evidências da existência da lei de Okun no período analisado no país onde o aumento de 1% no produto impacta em redução da taxa de desemprego que varia entre 0.52% e 0.75%, dependendo da abordagem utilizada. O estudo revela ainda que para políticas de redução de desocupação será necessário um crescimento econômico no semestre que varie entre 1.3% e 1.9% acima da tendência de crescimento do país.
Two-Step Adsorption of PtCl62– Complexes at a Charged Langmuir Monolayer: Role of Hydration and Ion Correlations

Anion exchange at positively charged interfaces plays an important role in a variety of physical and chemical processes. However, the molecular-scale details of these processes, especially with heavy and large anionic complexes, are not well-understood. We studied the adsorption of PtCl62– anionic complexes to floating DPTAP monolayers in the presence of excess Cl– as a function of the bulk chlorometalate concentration. This system aims to simulate the industrial conditions for heavy metal separations with solvent extraction. In situ X-ray scattering and fluorescence measurements, which are element and depth sensitive, show that the chlorometalate ions only adsorb in the diffuse layer at lower concentrations, while they adsorb predominantly in the Stern layer at higher concentrations. The response of DPTAP molecules to the adsorbed ions is determined independently by grazing incidence X-ray diffraction and supports this picture. Molecular dynamics simulations further elucidate the nanoscale structure of t.
Spatial Distribution of Fuel Models Based on the Conditional-Fuel-Loading Concept

Fuel model mapping has followed in general two trends: 1) indirect inferences, where some factors, presumably associated with fuel production, are related to a given fuel model; and 2) experts consulting, which has been used to classify and to validate other people classifications. However, reliance on expert judgment implies a subjective approach. Thus, I propone the integration of geostatistic techniques and the Conditional-Fuels-Loading concept (CFL) to define a more objective perspective in the fuel-model mapping. The information used in this study was collected in a forest of Chihuahua, Mexico, where fuels were inventoried in 554 (1000 m2) sample plots. These sample plots were classified using the CFL; and ordinary kriging (Gaussian, spherical and exponential) was used to interpolate the fuel-model values. Using the Akaike’s Information Criterion the spherical model performed best. The methodology allowed a finer definition of spatial distribution of fuel models. Some advantages of the CFL are: 1) it is based on actual fuel loads, and not only on vegetation structure and composition; 2) it is objective and avoids the bias of different classifiers (experts); and 3) it avoids the need of the advice of experts.
What about care work and in-work poverty? The case of care workers in the UK

The social care sector in the United Kingdom (UK) has experienced numerous changes over the last 30 years that culminated in the problems experienced during the COVID 19 pandemic of 2020. At the same time care workers are heralded as ‘heroes’ and essential workers. This accolade does not necessarily fit with the experience of care workers who for many years have been a neglected and ignored workforce. This chapter presents research examining the work and experiences of care workers employed in care homes in the social care sector across a single region. Initially a brief overview of the history of community care is presented to explain the context, this is followed by an outline of the research methods and the main findings and discussion.
MoS2–Au@Pt nanohybrids as a sensing platform for electrochemical nonenzymatic glucose detection

Herein, a nonenzymatic electrochemical biosensor for glucose detection was developed based on an Au@Pt core–shell nanoparticle-decorated MoS2 (MoS2–Au@Pt) nanohybrid. Such designed MoS2-based nanohybrid possessed the advantages of MoS2 nanosheets with a large surface area and noble bimetallic nanoparticles with high catalytic ability, making the MoS2–Au@Pt nanocomposite modified electrode exhibit excellent electrocatalytic activity toward the oxidation of glucose due to their synergistic effect. As expected, the MoS2-based electrochemical biosensor showed a wide linear response over glucose concentration ranging from 10 μM to 3 mM with a low detection limit of 1.08 μM (S/N = 3). Furthermore, the as-prepared electrochemical biosensor also showed excellent selectivity and stability, which could be employed to determine glucose in real samples with acceptable results. The MoS2-Au@Pt nanohybrid could be a promising candidate material for the construction of a high performance sensing platform for chemical/biological molecule detection.
Fracture resistance of tie wings of ceramic brackets under loading

Objectives: To determine if there a significant difference in fracture strength of tie wings of 1. Polycrystalline ceramic brackets, 2. Monocrystalline ceramic brackets, made by different manufactures. Materials and Methods: Sample: The mesial incisal tie wing of 9 brands of commonly used polycrystalline and 5 brands of monocrystalline brackets were tested for fracture strength. Each brand’s sample consisted of 15 maxillary right central incisors brackets and 15 maxillary right lateral incisor brackets (.022 slot MBT). Method: The brackets were bonded onto a ceramic slab. An Instron Universal testing machine was used to apply a vertical force on the mesial incisal wing of each bracket. The force at the point of tie wing fracture was recorded as the fracture strength. Results: Polycrystalline brackets: Ormco Symmetri (301.03 N ± 36.56), 3M Clarity (203.55 N ± 36.56) and Forestadent Glam (196.06 N ± 68.84) were the strongest, with no significant difference between them. Dentsply Ovation C was the next strongest (175.87 N ± 48.25). Henry Schein NeoLucent Plus (119.74 N ± 21.06), Ortho Tech Ref Ceramic (107.53 N ± 51.07), TP Clear Vu (106.17 N ± 27.43), AO Cosmetic (88.52 ± 50.67) and RMO Signature III (84.99 ± 42.30) were the least strong, with no significant differences between them. Mono crystalline brackets: AO Radiance Plus (262.42 N ± 110.42), Ormco Inspire ICE (240.48 N ± 78.51) Henry Schein NeoCrystal Plus (221.80 N ± 42.07), Ortho Tech PURE (210.66 N ± 42.07) were the strongest, with no significant differences between them, while Dentsply Ovation S (55.80 N ± 13.04) was the weakest. Conclusions: There are significant differences in the fracture strength of various brands, both amongst polycrystalline and monocrystalline brackets.
Recent progress of poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) hybrid hydrogels: synthesis, fundamentals and applications – review

ABSTRACT Hydrogels, having nanomaterials (e.g. nanoparticles and nanorods) incorporated inside their polymeric meshes, are generally called hybrid gels/hydrogels. These assemblies combine the properties of both hydrogels and nanomaterials in one system. These responsive hybrid hydrogels, particularly polymerized N-isopropylacrylamide (PoNip) polymeric gels, have been extensively exploited for various multi-disciplinary applications in the literature over the past two decades because of their unique and exquisite particulars. Next generation assemblies have been prepared by using the smart nature of these gels toward the general incentives (e.g. temperature, ionic strength, and pH) in the fields of nanocatalysis, water purification, drug delivery, photonics, and optics. This review presents an overview of the PoNip hybrid assemblies engineered over the past 7 years i.e. 2010–2016 and extensively discusses the interaction of the incorporated nanomaterial with the polymeric chains of the hydrogels as it is the most significant factor which makes these assemblies attractive for all the associated applications. Moreover, this article also describes the preparative routes, properties, classification, and applications of these hybrid hydrogels in the fields of medicine, environment, catalysis, and nanotechnology.
Preliminary Separation, Purification and Determination of Flavonoids in Aurea Helianthus

Abstract :The extraction, separation and purification of flavonoids from Aurea Helianthus were performed using various organic solvents and gradient elution methods. Ultraviolet spectrophotometry and high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry were used to analyze flavonoids. Results:UV-Vis spectrophotometer UV 2450 (SHIMADZU) was used to preliminarily identify the content of flavonoids in the extracts of Aurea Helianthus， flavonoid content in the ethyl acetate extract was the highest ,48.3±0.3%. There was a good linear relationship between 0.004 and 0.024 mg/ml (R2 = 0.998). Ethyl acetate extract was used as the test object for high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis.In the linear range 10.0-240μg,good precision and reproducibility, stable within 6 hours.The average recoveries of quercetin,Hyperoside, and rutin were 105.32%, 102.25%, and 103.14%. The content of rutin in the gradient elution (EtOAc:MeOH=4:1) was 42.8±0.3%, and the content of hyperin and quercetin in the gradient elution (EtOAc) were 51.2±0.4% and 12.5 ±0.3%. The gradient effluent (EtOAc:MeOH=4:1, EtOAc) had a total flavonoid content of 84.2±0.8% and 75.3±0.9%. Conclusion:Conclusion: This method is simple, rapid, and highly sensitive.It can be used to extract, isolate, purify and determine the content of flavonoids in Aurea Helianthus.
Biocompatibilidad de andamios nanofibrilares con diferentes concentraciones de PLA/Hidroxiapatita Biocompatibility of Nanofibrous Scaffolds with Different Concentrations of PLA/Hydroxyapatite

In tissue engineering field to achieve tissue regeneration, there is particular interest in the manufacturing of new functional biomaterials capable of stimulating the biological response needed to restore the functions of damaged tissue. Recently, several strategies in attempt to mimic the extracellular matrix of the tissues of the human body by synthesized new biomaterials are focusing using nanotechnology. Thus, the purpose of this investigation was to synthesize and evaluate the response of the biocompatibility of nanofibrilar scaffold with different concentrations of PLA doped with hydroxyapatite. Scaffolds of PLA were synthesized using the air jet spinning (AJS) technology from different concentrations of 6, 7, and 10% of PLA polymeric solutions (w/v) in chloroform/ethanol in a 3:1 ratio (v/v), and for the synthesis of the composite scaffolds to the polymeric solutions were added 0.1g of hydroxyapatite. The biocompatibility of PLA nanofibers scaffolds and PLA/HA nanofiber composite were assessed by analyzing the response of cell adhesion, cell viability and cell-material interaction using mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow (BM-MSC). The results indicate that the cell response related to biocompatibility by the BM-MSC cells was increased in the PLA/HA nanofiber composites when compared to PLA nanofiber scaffolds showing statistically significant differences (p <0.05). In conclusion, AJS technique allows synthesizing nanofibers spun mats that could have a direct application in the field of bone guide tissue engineering in the dental clinic because of its biocompatibility and easy scaffold design.
Artificial Intelligence in a Throughput Model: Some Major Algorithms

Physical and behavioral biometric technologies such as fingerprinting, facial recognition, voice identification, etc. have enhanced the level of security substantially in recent years. Governments and corporates have employed these technologies to achieve better customer satisfaction. However, biometrics faces major challenges in reducing criminal, terrorist activities and electronic frauds, especially in choosing appropriate decision-making algorithms. To face this challenge, new developments have been made, that amalgamate biometrics with artificial intelligence (AI) in decision-making modeling. Advanced software algorithms of AI, processing information offered by biometric technology, achieve better results. This has led to growth in the biometrics technology industry, and is set to increase the security and internal control operations manifold. This book provides an overview of the existing biometric technologies, decision-making algorithms and the growth opportunity in biometrics. The book proposes a throughput model, which draws on computer science, economics and psychology to model perceptual, informational sources, judgmental processes and decision choice algorithms. It reviews how biometrics might be applied to reduce risks to individuals and organizations, especially when dealing with digital-based media.
ISOLAMENTO E IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE PRINCÍPIOS ATIVOS DE CALOPHYLLUM BRASILIENSE Camb. (CLUSIACEAE)

The genus Calophyllum is a large group of tropical trees and frequently employed in folk medicine for the treatment of several ailments. Calophyllum brasiliense, commonly known in Brazil as Guanandi or Guarandi, is widely used as a remedy for the treatment of inflammation and ulcers. The present study deals to the isolation and identification of bioactive compounds from different parts of this plant. The methanolic extracts of the different parts of the C. brasiliense (root, flowers and fruits), were partitioned with chloroform giving the fractions denominated non polar (non soluble in chloroform). The pharmacological results indicate that the crude mehtanolic extract of the roots exhibits the best antinociceptive activity against the writhing test in the dose of 10mg/Kg i.p., causing inhibition about 80%. Phytochemmical analysis for TLC of all the parts, using previously isolated compounds form leaves permitted the detection of gallic acid and protocatechuic acid in high concentrations in the fruits, and the absence of quercetin, amentoflavone and epicatequina. In the flowers, only the protocatechui acid and epicatechin were detected. However, the roots showed a different chemical composition when compared with the other parts, being detected several phenolic compounds. The methanolic and chloroform extracts inhibited the second phase of the formalin test (76% and 87% respectively). From the chloroformic fraction were isolated two known triterpenos, friedelin and betulinic acid, and a xantone, identified as 1,5-dihidroxixantone, which identified on basis of spectral analysis and comparision with authentic samples. Friedelin and 1,5-dihidroxixantone were more potent than some clinically used drugs against writhing test in mice. %%%%O genero Calophyllum e composto por um grande grupo de arvores tropicais e ricas em substâncias bioativas, sendo muito usadas na medicina popular. A Calophyllum brasiliense, comumente chamada de Guanandi, e frequentemente usada para tratar processos dolorosos, inflamacoes e ulceras. O presente trabalho objetiva isolar e identificar os compostos bioativos das diferentes partes da C. brasiliense. Foram obtidos os extratos metanolicos das diferentes partes da planta (raizes, flores e frutos), os quais foram particionados com cloroformio para obtencao das fracoes apolar e polar. Os resultados famacologicos indicam que o extrato metanolico bruto das raizes exibe uma atividade antinociceptiva mais pronunciada na dose de 10mg/Kg i.p., inibindo cerca de 80% as contorcoes abdominais induzidas pelo acido acetico. Da mesma forma o extrato metanolico bruto das flores e dos frutos mostraram uma consideravel atividade antinociceptiva. Pela analise fitoquimica por CCD de todas as partes, usando compostos padrao isolados das folhas observou-se nos frutos os acidos galico e protocatetico em grandes concentracoes e quercetina, amentoflavona e epicatequina nao foram detectadas. Nas flores, apenas o acido protocatetico e epicatequina foram detectadas. Entretanto as raizes mostraram uma diferente composicao…