Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impacts of Fine Root Turnover on Forest NPP and Soil C Sequestration Potential

Estimates of forest net primary production (NPP) demand accurate estimates of root production and turnover. We assessed root turnover with the use of an isotope tracer in two forest free-air carbon dioxide enrichment experiments. Growth at elevated carbon dioxide did not accelerate root turnover in either the pine or the hardwood forest. Turnover of fine root carbon varied from 1.2 to 9 years, depending on root diameter and dominant tree species. These long turnover times suggest that root production and turnover in forests have been overestimated and that sequestration of anthropogenic atmospheric carbon in forest soils may be lower than currently estimated.
Dimensiones de la calidad de los servicios en el sector turismo de Ciudad Guayana, Venezuela

Resumen: En el presente estudio se identificaron mediante metodos estadisticos multivariantes las dimensiones que determinan la Calidad de los Servicios del Sector Turismo, en Ciudad Guayana, Venezuela. Para la recoleccion de informacion se diseno una encuesta de 24 items segun el Modelo SERVQUALing. La encuesta se aplico a 120 usuarios del Sector Turismo de Ciudad Guayana, mediante un Muestreo Casual donde unicamente se determina el tamano de la muestra, pero los integrantes se seleccionan sin ningun criterio establecido. Previa demostracion de la adecuacion de los datos, indice KMO= 0.819, se identificaron las dimensiones de la calidad del servicio turistico en la Region Guayana: (1) atencion al turista y capacidad de hacerlo bien desde la primera vez; (2) infraestructura y celeridad en los procesos del operador turistico; (3) capacidad de respuesta del operador turistico; (4) sentirse como en casa; (5) seguridad durante el tiempo de hospedaje. Estas cinco dimensiones explican mas del 71% de la varianza total. Ademas, el analisis de fiabilidad realizado (alfa de Cronbach > 0,775 para todas las dimensiones) demuestra la consistencia interna de la escala usada y las pruebas estadisticas realizadas (significativas al 5%) permitieron determinar la validez de contenido, de concepto y de criterio de la encuesta. Abstracts: In the present study, the dimensions that determine the Service Quality of the Tourism Sector in Guayana City, Venezuela, were identified by statistical methods multivariants. A survey of 24 items according to the SERVQUALing Model was designed to gather information. The survey was applied to 120 users of Tourism Sector in Guayana City, through a casual sampling where only determines the size of the sample, but the member are selected without any established criterion. After demonstration of the adequacy of the data, KMO index = 0.819, the dimensions of the Service Quality of tourist in the Guayana Region were identified: (1) tourist service and ability to do it right the first time, (2) infrastructure and speed of proceedings of a tour operator, (3) responsiveness of the tour operator (4) feel at home, (5) security during the time of lodging. These five dimensions explained 71% of the total variance. Moreover, the reliability analysis performed (Cronbach's alpha> 0.775 for all dimensions) shows the internal consistency of the used scale and the statistical tests performed (significant at 5%) allowed determining the content, concept and approach validity of the survey.
Diphtheria and Tetanus Toxoids and Acellular Pertussis Vaccine Adsorbed Tripedia ®

DESCRIPTION Tripedia , Diphtheria and Tetanus Toxoids and Acellular Pertussis Vaccine Adsorbed (DTaP), for intramuscular use, is a sterile preparation of diphtheria and tetanus toxoids adsorbed, with acellular pertussis vaccine in an isotonic sodium chloride solution containing thimerosal as a preservative and sodium phosphate to control pH. After shaking, the vaccine is a homogeneous white suspension. Tripedia vaccine is distributed by Aventis Pasteur Inc. (AvP). Corynebacterium diphtheriae cultures are grown in a modified Mueller and Miller medium. Clostridium tetani cultures are grown in a peptone-based medium containing a bovine extract. The meat used in this medium is US sourced. Both toxins are detoxified with formaldehyde. The detoxified materials are then separately purified by serial ammonium sulfate fractionation and diafiltration.
General Board Game Playing as Educational Tool for AI Competition and Learning

We present GBG, a new general board game playing and learning framework. GBG defines the common interfaces for board games, game states and their AI agents. It allows to run competitions of different agents on different games. It standardizes those parts of board game playing and learning that otherwise would be tedious and repetitive parts in coding. GBG is suitable for arbitrary 1-, 2-, . , N -player board games. GBG aims at the educational perspective, where it helps students to start faster in the area of game learning. GBG aims as well at the research perspective by collecting a growing set of games and AI agents to assess their strengths and generalization capabilities in meaningful competitions. First successful educational and research applications are reported. 1
Clinical Alarms: Improving Efficiency and Effectiveness

The clinical environment contains a plethora of bells, beeps, and buzzers. As clinicians, each audible disruption in the care environment must be analyzed to decide if the sound or visual is clinically significant. Alarms may signal a clinically significant change in a patient's condition (true positive), an alarm violation that is clinically insignificant (false positive), or a reflection of poorly set monitoring parameters. Our challenge is to develop monitors that are sensitive and specific. This coupled with protocols that are designed for a specific population, and customized for each individual patient, enable the caregiver to maximize the use of monitoring systems and ensure patient safety. This article guides the critical care nurse through an assessment of alarms in the critical care environment, beyond the cardiorespiratory alarms, assessing the impact of clinical and environmental alarms.
Early opening of Drake Passage: regional seismic stratigraphy and paleoceanographic implications

Summary The tec t oni c san distri bu i on fsei mic u s the ce tral d s thern S ot a Sea re esc bed d multichannel seismic profiles and magnetic anomalies. Recently acquired profiles suggest that spreading in the Drake Passage was active prior to 30.9 Ma, although the tectonics of the area suggests that rifting of the margins and shallow gateways existed well before that time. After breakup, the Scotia Sea developed from several spreading centers that produced ocean basins. Five main seismic units are identified in the Cenozoic sedimentary section. The three youngest units exhibit similar seismic facies and are correlated at regional scale. These deposits contain a variety of contourite drifts resulting from the interplay between the northeastward flow of the Weddell Sea Deep Water, the Antarctic Circumpolar Current and the complex bathymetry. The three units were deposited after the Middle Miocene connection between the Scotia Sea and the Weddell Sea was established. Citation: Maldonado, A. , F. Bohoyo, J. Galindo-Zaldivar, F. J. Hernandez-Molina, F. J. Lobo, A. A. Shreyder, and E. Surinach (2007), Ear ly opening of Drake Passage: regional seismic stratigraphy and paleoceanographic implications, in Antarctica: A Keystone in a Changing World — Online Proceedings of the 10
Review Article

Climate change will be a tremendous threat not only for mango production but also for the whole agriculture in the upcoming century. The increasing concentration level of atmospheric CO2, which is a major factor of climate change, has to be considered for the consequences of climate change on agriculture because CO2 is involved in the key processes for plants, such as photosynthesis. Mango, a seasonal fruit, is one of the most widely cultivated and popular fruits in the tropical and the subtropical climate for its economic and nutritional values. in so many countries including Cambodia, Pakistan, China, Philippines etc.
Attack F ALCON : Implementation Attacks with Countermeasures on the F ALCON Signature Scheme

Post-quantum cryptography is an important and growing area of research due to the threat of quantum computers, as recognised by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) recent call for standardisation. FALCON is a lattice-based signature candidate submitted to NIST, which has good performance but lacks in research with respect to implementation attacks and resistance. This research proposes the first fault attack analysis of FALCON and finds its lattice trapdoor sampler is as vulnerable to fault attacks as the GPV sampler used in alternative signature schemes. We simulate the post-processing component of this fault attack and achieve a 100% success rate at retrieving the private-key. This research then proposes an evaluation of countermeasures to prevent this fault attack and timing attacks of FALCON. We provide cost evaluations on the overheads of the proposed countermeasures which shows that FALCON has only up to 30% deterioration in performance of its key generation, and only 5% in signing, compared to runtimes without countermeasures.
Can Weather Risk Alter Food Crop Portfolio Choices ? Empirical Evidence from India 1

This study considers the combination of crop choices as one of the ex-ante risk management strategies and examines farm households’ crop portfolio choices as a response to weather risk in India. Unlike in other countries, intercropping and mixed cropping are prevalent among Indian farmers. Results show a significantly lower riskiness in the crop portfolio choices among farmers in semi-arid tropics of India than farmers in Africa. Secondly, using a panel estimation approach, our findings suggest a negative and significant impact of weather risk on the riskiness of food crop portfolios. Finally, we find that households with greater land assets and off-farm jobs are more likely to choose the riskier food crop portfolio choices in the presence of weather risk.
Activation of the NFk B Pathway by Inflammatory Stimuli in Human Neutrophils

Activated neutrophils have the ability to upregulate the exmor necrosis factor-a [TNF-a], and fMet-Leu-Phe) that induce the production of cytokines and chemokines in these pression of many genes, in particular those encoding cytokines and chemokines, and to subsequently release the corcells, NF-kB/Rel proteins translocated to nuclear fractions, resulting in a transient induction of NF-kB DNA binding acresponding proteins. Although little is known to date concerning the regulation of gene transcription in neutrotivity, as determined in gel mobility shift assays. The onset of both processes was found to be closely paralleled by, and phils, it is noteworthy that many of these genes depend on the activation of transcription factors, such as NF-kB, for dependent on, IkB-a degradation. Proinflammatory neutrophil stimuli also promoted the accumulation of IkB-a mRNA inducible expression. We therefore investigated whether NFkB/Rel proteins are expressed in human neutrophils, as well transcripts, resulting in the reexpression of the IkB-a protein. To our knowledge, this constitutes the first indication as their fate on cell activation. We now report that dimers consisting of p50 NFkB1, p65 RelA, and/or c-Rel are present that NF-kB activation may underlie the action of proinflammatory stimuli towards human neutrophil gene expresin neutrophils and that the greater part of these protein complexes is physically associated with cytoplasmic IkB-a sion and, as such, adds a new facet to our understanding of neutrophil biology. in resting cells. Following neutrophil stimulation with proinflammatory agonists (such as lipopolysaccharide [LPS], tuq 1997 by The American Society of Hematology.
Scalable Training and Serving of Personalized Models

While this work has been wildly successful in shaping both the machine learning [19, 16, 11] and systems fields [14, 15, 1], it also ignores a big part of real-world machine learning. In particular, much of the work in Learning Systems has operated under the fiction: the world hands me a static, potentially very large, dataset and I train an accurate, potentially complex, model. This fiction departs from reality in two key regards that we begin to address in this work.
Application of Acoustic Full Waveform Inversion to a Low-frequency Large-offset Land Data Set

By interpreting the full wavefield, full waveform inversion has the potential to become a key tool to interpret seismic data acquired in complex geological settings. However, its application requires low frequencies and large offsets to avoid ending up in a local minimum. This approach has been illustrated with marine data sets and acoustic full waveform inversion. Acoustic full waveform inversion can also be applied with land data sets when the acquisition and the pre-processing are planned correctly. To demonstrate the relevance of this dedicated approach, we invert a land data set acquired with low frequencies down to 1.5 Hz and 20 km offset. We show that the velocity retrieved by full waveform inversion supersedes the one derived by handpicked nmo-gather velocity analysis even when we start with a crude 1D model. With the acquisition of low frequencies and long offsets and a dedicated preprocessing, a high-resolution seismic migrated image could be obtained over this land area.
A Short Introduction to Quantum Information and Quantum Computation

Quantum information and computation is a rapidly expanding and cross-disciplinary subject. This book, first published in 2006, gives a self-contained introduction to the field for physicists, mathematicians and computer scientists who want to know more about this exciting subject. After a step-by-step introduction to the quantum bit (qubit) and its main properties, the author presents the necessary background in quantum mechanics. The core of the subject, quantum computation, is illustrated by a detailed treatment of three quantum algorithms: Deutsch, Grover and Shor. The final chapters are devoted to the physical implementation of quantum computers, including the most recent aspects, such as superconducting qubits and quantum dots, and to a short account of quantum information. Written at a level suitable for undergraduates in physical sciences, no previous knowledge of quantum mechanics is assumed, and only elementary notions of physics are required. The book includes many short exercises, with solutions available to instructors through solutions@cambridge.org.
Validity of Quarter-wavelength Approximation In the case of Tohoku-oki earthquake

Site amplification is important in ground motion prediction. It describes the effect of soil sites on ground motions. The quarter-wavelength approximation for computing site amplification has been developed for several decades. It is validated by the data from the main shock of 2011 Tohoku-oki Earthquake, recorded by KiK-net. A part of the site amplification factors obtained by quarter-wavelength approximation method are less than the actual amplification factors. The most ratios of the real amplification are smaller than 10, can more accurately reflect the true site amplification.
The potential for targeting extracellular LOX proteins in human malignancy

: The extracellular matrix (ECM) is the physical scaffold where cells are organized into tissues and organs. The ECM may be modified during cancer to allow and promote proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. The family of lysyl oxidase (LOX) enzymes cross-links collagens and elastin and, therefore, is a central player in ECM deposition and maturation. Extensive research has revealed how the LOX proteins participate in every stage of cancer progression, and two family members, LOX and LOX-like 2, have been linked to metastasis, the final stage of cancer responsible for over 90% of cancer patient deaths. However, LOX biosynthesis results in by-product with antiproliferative properties in certain cancers, and LOX enzymes may have different effects depending on the molecular network in which they are active. Therefore, the design of therapies targeting the LOX family needs to be guided by the molecular makeup of the individual disease and will probably require other agents to act on both the LOX enzymes and their associated network.
Scour At Sooyung Seawall Caused By WaveReflection And Liquefaction

A serious scour problem has been reported near the rubble-mound Sooyung Seawall, Korea. The present paper concerns numerical modelling work to reproduce the scour around the wall. Two numerical models were involved in the work. The first model was for wave-reflection and the resulting seabed profile change. The model solved the intra-wave-period mild-slope wave equation system. The model reproduced wave reflection, and pattern of nodes and anti-nodes in front of the wall. The model included the erosion mechanism as well, so that the seabed levels were allowed to change. The calculated scour profile in front of the wall was found to agree reasonably well with field measurements. The second model was used to examine the possibility of liquefaction at the site. The model solved the velocity potential function and the elastic movement of soil in a two-dimensional vertical domain. The model results show that liquefaction can occur around the structure, if the coefficients involved are assumed to be correct. The model results suggest that both wave reflection and liquefaction have contributed to the scour at the site. Transactions on the Built Environment vol 40 © 1999 WIT Press, www.witpress. com, ISSN 1743-3509
Document image data hiding technique using character spacing width sequence coding

The problem of hiding data in a document image is considered. Drawbacks of existing techniques, particularly when applied to documents written in non-English languages, are addressed. A new data hiding technique for document image is proposed. The new method offers high data embedding capacity, and is applicable to a wider class of languages than the existing ones. Results from experiments using both simulated data and real photocopied document are provided to demonstrate practical usefulness of the proposed method.
The Medical Journal of Australia

NOTICELecture on Antarctica and Heard Island CORRESPONDENCEThe Deaf Child 425 Listeria Infection In a Newborn Infant . 425 Philosophy in the Use of Topical Antibiotics with Particular Regard for Intraperitoneal Use . 426 Prolonged Oral Contraception and Its After-Eft'ects 426 Doctor Come Home 426 Cotton Over-Gloves 426 POINT OF VIEWA Simple Concept for Inguinal Herniorrhaphy In the Adult Male with Fascia Lata Patch. by Arthur Crawford 423 COMMENTS AND ABSTRACTS (Contd.l
Une évaluation des champs thermiques simulés par un modèle du circulation générale océanique dans l'Atlantique équatorial

Deux champs de vents differents ont ete utilises pour forcer le modele de circulation generale du LODYC en Atlantique tropical (20°N-20°S) pour l'annee 1984. Le premier champ de vents (MOA) provient des observations des bateaux marchands; le deuxieme (FS2b) est issu des analyses d'un modele de prevision atmospherique (ECMWF). Les temperatures simulees sont comparees a un ensemble de 3600 profils thermiques mesures au cours de l'annee 1984. Le vent MOA, qui est plus energetique et qui presente un signal saisonnier plus marque, donne globalement les meilleurs resultats. En particulier, il restitue le refroidissement surperficiel lie a l'upwelling equatorial d'ete, ce que le vent FS2b ne fait pas. Toutefois, l'evenement anormal chaud du debut de 1984 est bien represente par les deux simulations. La region Ouest est mieux simulee que la region Est, mais la principale difference entre observations et modele a lieu pendant la periode d'upwelling a l'est de 25°W. Elle depend du vent et est liee a l'etalement lineaire de la thermocline simulee entre le bas de la couche melangee et 200 m. Avec le champ de vent MOA, la temperature de surface est restituee de facon satisfaisante sur l'ensemble du domaine. Une simulation complementaire a ete realisee pour evaluer les parts respectives de l'advection et des flux thermodynamiques dans les differences de temperatures de la couche de surface des deux simulations. Elle a montre que 30% de l'ecart entre les deux simulations dans la couche de surface etaient imputables a la part des flux thermodynamiques controles par le vent
Mixed Layer Temperature Balance on Intraseasonal Timescales in the Equatorial Pacific Ocean

Abstract The purpose of this study is to document the zonal evolution of processes affecting sea surface temperature (SST) variability on intraseasonal timescales in the equatorial Pacific Ocean. Data primarily from the Tropical Atmosphere Ocean (TAO) array of moored buoys are used, focusing on four sites along the equator with decade-long time series. These sites are located in the western Pacific warm pool (165°E), the eastern Pacific equatorial cold tongue (110° and 140°W), and the transition zone between these two regions (170°W). Results indicate that SST variability on intraseasonal timescales is most significantly influenced by local surface heat fluxes in the western Pacific (165°E), zonal advection in the central Pacific (170°W), and vertical advection and entrainment in the eastern Pacific (110° and 140°W). East of the date line, oceanic equatorial Kelvin waves strongly mediate dynamical processes controlling intraseasonal SSTs variations, while surface fluxes tend to damp these dynamically gene.
Mycorrhizal Symbiosis

The term mycorrhiza is rooted from two Greek words myco meaning fungi and Rrhiza meaning root and its’ meaning in reality means symbiosis between a fungus and root. Mycorrhiza is described as a mutual sharing of life; whereby the fungal is the major partner of the plant has the duty to supply food, growth hormones and protection of plants’ root from pathogens and a fine plant will offer high energetic material to the fungus.Most Higher plants are related to one of the mycorrhizad coexistence. Frank viewed the relationship between the growth of plant and fungus for the first time in forest trees and named it Mycorrhizen.this review gives an overview on the mycorrhizal symbiosis and Classification of mycorrhiza.
48o CONGRESO ESPAÑOL DE ACÚSTICA ENCUENTRO IBÉRICO DE ACÚSTICA EUROPEAN SYMPOSIUM ON UNDERWATER ACOUSTICS APPLICATIONS EUROPEAN SYMPOSIUM ON SUSTAINABLE BUILDING ACOUSTICS MITIGATION OF VIBRATIONS INDUCED BY RAILWAY TRAFFIC THOUGH SOIL BURRIED INCLUSIONS: A NUMERICAL STUDY

The topic of vibration induced by rail traffic has received a special attention from the scientific community over the last decades. Thus, procedures to minimize the discomfort caused by an efficient railway network have to be proposed. In this paper a preliminary numerical study is presented about the mitigation of vibrations based in the introduction in the ground of a set of inclusions parallel to the railway track. Analysis in space-frequency, and frequency-wavenumber domain allowed concluding that the ground wave-propagation is strongly affected by the inclusions presence. Indeed, theoretical simple equations were derived and here proposed in order to allow the engineering tuning of the solution.
Model evaluation for multivariate structural time series models for the Dutch Labour Force Survey

In this paper different multivariate structural time series models are described and applied to estimate the monthly unemployment rate of the Dutch Labour Force Survey. The estimation results are compared in a model evaluation. Compared to the generalized regression estimator, the time series approach results in a substantial increase of the precision because this approach uses sample information observed in previous time periods and other domains to improve the monthly estimates.