Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Produção e caracterização de espumas de alumina pelo processo gelcasting sem controle atmosférico (Production and characterization of alumina foams by the gelcasting process without atmospheric contro)

Abstract The gelcasting process with the aeration of ceramic suspensions allows the production of ceramic foams with a wide range of porosity (50-90vol.%.). One of the critical steps of the process is the setting of the foam, which is based on a gelling reaction by the in-situ polymerization of monomers previously added in the ceramic suspension. This reaction is inhibited by the presence of oxygen, which requires atmospheric control for the stabilization of the foam. In this work, the feasibility of producing alumina foams by the gelcasting process without atmospheric control was studied. For the foams production, two different foaming agents were tested. The physical and mechanical properties of ceramic foams, as well the microstructure, were evaluated and compared with those produced with the same foaming agents but with atmospheric control. The results obtained using the two procedures were similar and with potential to be applied with technological purposes. Keywords: ceramic foams, alumina, gelcasting process.
Inferring Selected Cloud Properties from Satellite Lightning Data

The recent advent of satellite lightning detection programs has introduced a new potential for obtaining global information about other (hard to measure) cloud properties. We have made use of observations together with numerical model studies to show that positive correlations exist between: (1) lightning flashrate (F) and vertical velocity (w); and (2) flashrate (F) and the amount of condensate (water and ice) lofted through the -10 C isotherm (C(sub u)). The lightning flashrate appears to be very sensitive to the magnitude of the updraft velocity, with F increasing rapidly with w above a threshold of w approx. = 5-10 m/s. By contrast, we have found that the flashrate/condensate relationship appears to be approximately linear. We are currently refining the F-updraft and F-condensate relationships with further model studies before applying them to lightning data from the Optical Transient Detector (OTD) and the Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS). We hope, with this method, to provide estimates of the large scale vertical water transport by continental convective systems over seasonal timescales.
Variations d'ingestion chez le poulet de chair lors d'une alimentation séquentielle

L’alimentation sequentielle (AS), qui consiste a distribuer de maniere cyclique deux aliments differents, permet de recreer partiellement les conditions d’une alimentation plus variee. L’objectif de la these a ete de mieux comprendre comment le poulet nourri en AS adapte son ingestion, en fonction du temps et des caracteristiques energetique et proteique des aliments. Quatre experiences ont ete realisees avec des poulets de chair mâles a croissance rapide. L’AS a ete pratiquee avec des cycles de 48 h et des couples d’aliments variant par leur caracteristiques energetique (2800 (E-) et 3200 kcal/kg (E+)) et/ou proteique (230 (P+) et 150 g/kg (P-)), et a ete comparee a une alimentation complete C (3000 kcal/kg et 190 g/kg de proteines). Une premiere experience indique que le poulet n’adapte pas sa consommation a la teneur energetique de l’aliment a l’echelle de 24h et est tres lent a adapter sa consommation a la teneur en proteine (plus d’une semaine). L’âge d’introduction de l’AS (10 et 18 j) n’a pas modifie ces reactions. Nous avons ensuite evalue si les variations d’ingestion sont liees a des preferences alimentaires (Exp. 2 et 3). Le poulet apprend a reconnaitre l’aliment le plus energetique qu’il prefere nettement, contrairement a l’animal naif. Par ailleurs, il n’exprime pas clairement de preference entre les aliments variant en proteines. Des interactions entre les proprietes nutritionnelles et sensorielles des aliments pourraient expliquer ces resultats. Enfin, nous avons observe (Exp. 4) que, meme si le poulet exprime une preference pour l’aliment le plus dur, la reconnaissance de l’aliment le plus energetique ne repose pas uniquement sur cette caracteristique. Le poulet developpe ainsi tres vite une preference pour l’energie, acquise lors d’expositions successives. Cette preference alimentaire guide la consommation d’un jour a l’autre, aboutissant a un equilibrage du fait de la symetrie des apports. La variation de la teneur en proteines engendre quant a elle des effets plus faibles sur l’ingestion et apres une periode d’exposition plus longue. Pour adapter leur ingestion, les poulets apprennent a reconnaitre les aliments, en associant les caracteristiques sensorielles aux effets post-ingestifs percus. Ces sensorialites, et notamment celles faisant intervenir la vision et le toucher, ne sont pas encore bien evaluees et necessitent des investigations supplementaires.
Surprisingly Popular Algorithm-based Adaptive Euclidean Distance Topology Learning PSO

—The surprisingly popular algorithm (SPA) is a powerful crowd decision model proposed in social science, which can identify the knowledge possessed in of the minority. We have modelled the SPA to select the exemplars in PSO scenarios and proposed the Surprisingly Popular Algorithm-based Comprehensive Adaptive Topology Learning Particle Swarm Optimization. Due to the signiﬁcant inﬂuence of the communication topology on exemplar selection, we propose an adaptive euclidean distance dynamic topology maintenance. And then we propose the Sur-prisingly Popular Algorithm-based Adaptive Euclidean Distance Topology Learning Particle Swarm Optimization (SpadePSO), which use SPA to guide the direction of the exploitation sub-population. We analyze the inﬂuence of different topologies on the SPA. We evaluate the proposed SpadePSO on the full CEC2014 benchmark suite, the spread spectrum radar polyphase coding design and the ordinary differential equations models inference. The experimental results on the full CEC2014 benchmark suite show that the SpadePSO is competitive with PSO, OLPSO, HCLPSO, GL-PSO, TSLPSO and XPSO. The mean and standard deviation of SpadePSO are lower than the other PSO variants on the spread spectrum radar polyphase coding design. Finally, the ordinary differential equations models’ inference results show that SpadePSO performs better than LatinPSO, specially designed for this problem. SpadePSO has lower requirements for population number than LatinPSO.
Natural science and wildlife tourism

Managing human–wildlife tourism activities requires an understanding of the interaction between humans and wildlife drawing primarily on the basic scientific discipline of wildlife biology and the action of wildlife management. Wildlife biology explains the actions of the animals themselves through studies of their ecology and behaviour. Wildlife management is concerned with the application of the findings of wildlife biology to manipulate or conserve wildlife populations and with the social, legal and political contexts which contribute to the decisions (Caughley & Sinclair, 1994; Taber & Saharia, 1995). Together, science and management recommend how interactions between people and wildlife can be arranged to maximise the benefits and minimise the problems for all parties. Furthering a basic understanding of the concerns and practices of wildlife biology enhances pleasure in the wildlife tourism experience by explaining why animals behave as they do, while an understanding of wildlife management is essential for people seeking to introduce a tourism perspective into management decision making (Braithwaite & Reynolds, 2002).
Robustness of Fourier fractal analysis in differentiating subgroups of retinal images

Abstract Fractal dimension (FD) calculated from retinal vasculature is a biomarker which may aid in the diagnosis of the ocular and the systemic diseases at an early stage. Both multifractal and box-counting methods for calculating the FD are highly dependent on the segmentation accuracy of the images. In this paper, we propose the Fourier fractal dimension (FFD) method that does not have any such limitation as it eliminates the need for prior vascular segmentation. However, the robustness of FFD in differentiating the subgroups of retinal images must be investigated. In this paper two datasets: STARE and MESSIDOR are used in finding a significant difference between the subgroups of healthy and diseased retinal images. Furthermore, the effect of image pre-processing using the multi-scale self-quotient filtering (MSQ) and contrast-enhanced grey scale (CHGS) method on the FFD is also investigated. For the STARE dataset, the analysis is performed between normal and pathological as well as the healthy and background diabetic retinopathy images. For the MESSIDOR dataset, the FFD is calculated for normal, retinopathy grade 1 and grade 2 retinal images. The results show that the FFD can differentiate between two subgroups of retinal images. Moreover, for STARE dataset a significant difference between the healthy and background diabetic retinopathy images is found when the MSQ filtered images are used before calculating the FFD. This observation points to the fact that proper image pre-processing before the calculation of FFD can play a significant role in improving the robustness of the Fourier fractal analysis (FFA).
Finding Structure with Randomness: Probabilistic Algorithms for Constructing Approximate

Low-rank matrix approximations, such as the truncated singular value decomposition and the rank-revealing QR decomposition, play a central role in data analysis and scientific computing. This work surveys and extends recent research which demonstrates that ran- domization offers a powerful tool for performing low-rank matrix approximation. These techniques exploit modern computational architectures more fully than classical methods and open the possibility of dealing with truly massive data sets. This paper presents a modular framework for constructing randomized algorithms that compute partial matrix decompositions. These methods use random sampling to identify a subspace that captures most of the action of a matrix. The input matrix is then compressed—either explicitly or implicitly—to this subspace, and the reduced matrix is manipulated deterministically to obtain the desired low-rank factorization. In many cases, this approach beats its classical competitors in terms of accuracy, robustness, and/or speed. These claims are supported by extensive numerical experiments and a detailed error analysis. The specific benefits of randomized techniques depend on the computational environment. Consider the model problem of finding the k dominant components of the singular value decomposition of an m × n matrix. (i) For a dense input matrix, randomized algorithms require O(mn log(k)) floating-point operations (flops) in contrast to O(mnk) for classical algorithms. (ii) For a sparse input matrix, the flop count matches classical Krylov subspace methods, but the randomized approach is more robust and can easily be reorganized to exploit multi- processor architectures. (iii) For a matrix that is too large to fit in fast memory, the randomized techniques require only a constant number of passes over the data, as opposed to O(k) passes for classical algorithms. In fact, it is sometimes possible to perform matrix approximation with a single pass over the data.
Pilgrimage tourism - conceptualization and current directions in research from the point of view of geography

The study represents a probe into the issue of conceptualization of pilgrimage tourism based on a study of Slovak and foreign literature. Our aim was to present the theoretical and methodological fundamentals of a pilgrimage tourism analysis, including the formulation of basic definitions, application of research methods, identification of tourism system (object, subject, product) and determination of the position of pilgrimage tourism among disciplines of geography The research was based primarily on qualitative paradigms and methodological approaches, which allowed us to approach its holistic understanding. The interdisciplinarity presented through religious and tourism geography, in turn, allowed us to capture the full breadth and depth of the phenomenon of pilgrimage tourism in the sense of an attempt to conceptualize it. The research of religiosity, pilgrimage and pilgrimage tourism was suppressed by the communist regime in the Central European Area and experienced its Renaissance at the end of the 20 th century.
Interest rate management

Cilem teto diplomove prace je prozkoumat urokove riziko plynouci z pohybů urokových sazeb. Teoreticka cast je zaměřena na poskytovani rozsahleho přehledu o obecných rysů urokových sazeb, urokoveho rizika a jeho měřici a zajisťovaci systemy. Prakticka cast je zaměřena na zachyceni přirůstků cisteho urokoveho výnosu banky pomoci modelu GAP. Konecne výsledky jsou shrnuty v zavěru teto diplomove prace.
Trends for coronary heart disease and stroke mortality among migrants in England and Wales, 1979–2003: slow declines notable for some groups

Objective: To examine trends in coronary heart disease and stroke mortality in migrants to England and Wales. Design: Cross-sectional. Outcome measures: Age-standardised and sex-specific death rates and rate ratios 1979–83, 1989–93 and 1999–2003. Results: Coronary mortality fell among migrants, more so in the second decade than the first. Rate ratios for coronary mortality remained higher for men and women from Scotland, Northern Ireland, Republic of Ireland and South Asia, and lower for men from Jamaica, other Caribbean countries, West Africa, Italy and Spain. Rate ratios increased for men from Jamaica (1979–83: 0.45, 0.40 to 0.50; 1999–2003: 0.81, 0.73 to 0.90), Pakistan (1979–83: 1.14, 1.04 to 1.25; 1999–2003: 1.93, 1.81 to 2.06), Bangladesh (1979–83: 1.36, 1.15 to 1.60; 1999–2003: 2.11, 1.90 to 2.34), Republic of Ireland (1979–1983: 1.18, 1.15 to 1.21; 1999–2003: 1.45, 1.39 to 1.52) and Poland (1979–83: 1.17, 1.09 to 1.25; 1999–2003: 1.97, 1.57 to 2.47), and for women from Jamaica (1979–83: 0.63, 0.52 to 0.77; 1999–2003: 1.23, 1.06 to 1.42) and Pakistan (1979–83: 1.14, 0.88 to 1.47; 1999–2003: 2.45, 2.19 to 2.74), owing to smaller declines in death rates than those born in England and Wales. Rate ratios for stroke mortality remained higher for migrants. As a result of smaller declines, rate ratios increased for men from Pakistan (1979–1983: 0.99, 0.76 to 1.29; 1999–2003: 1.58, 1.35 to 1.85), Scotland (1979–1983: 1.11, 1.04 to 1.19; 1999–2003: 1.30, 1.19 to 1.42) and Republic of Ireland (1979–1983: 1.27, 1.19 to 1.36; 1999–2003: 1.67, 1.52 to 1.84). Conclusion: For groups with higher mortality than people born in England and Wales, mortality remained higher. Smaller declines led to increasing disparities for some groups and to excess coronary mortality for women from Jamaica. Maximising the coverage of prevention and treatment programmes is critical.
Aktivt lärande med verkstäder - Exempel från fysiken

Abstract Under ovningsverkstader arbetar studenter tillsammans med forstaelsefokuserade ovningar om grundlaggande modeller och koncept. Ovningarna handlar vanligen om vardagssituationer och de foremal som forekommer i ovningarna, som t.ex. dricksglas, speglar och modellbilar, finns tillgangliga under verkstadsovningarna. Studenterna diskuterar ovningarna i smagrupper omkring en gemensam skrivtavla i centrum dar de for anteckningar. Lekfullt och provande arbete kring problemstallningar tydliggor sambanden mellan vetenskapliga forklaringsmodeller och den varld som beskrivs for studenterna. Fritt experimenterande stimulerar ocksa till diskussioner och aktivt larande. Denna workshop presenterar verkstadsovningarna och de bakomliggande pedagogiska ideerna. Deltagarna far sjalva prova ovningarna och diskutera dem ur ett larandeperspektiv. Avslutningsvis diskuteras hur ovningsformen kan vidareutvecklas, anpassas och anvandas aven inom andra amnesomraden. Vart utvecklingsarbete motiverades av att studenterna pa inledande kurser saknade djupare forstaelse for koncept och samband, aven om de kunde losa problem och klara stora delar av examinationen. Kommentarer fran kursvarderingar, diskussioner med studenter och koppling till forskning, tydliggjorde ett sarskilt problemomrade. Manga studenter upplevde att de saknade en mojlighet att tillampa och diskutera kursernas innehall praktiskt. Sarskilt efterlystes alternativ till de formella och ratt styrda laborationer som forekommer pa kurserna. Inspiration till ovningsverkstaderna hamtades fran det omfattande arbete kring studentaktivt larande som redan gjorts. Olika studier har visat pa ett overtygande satt att aktivt larande bidrar konstruktivt till studenternas konceptuella forstaelse (se t.ex. Hake, 1996). Ett flertal olika studentaktiva undervisningsformer har utvecklats och provats (Knight, 2002; Redish, 2003) och det finns en stor mangd resurser att utnyttja och anpassa for de egna behoven. Flera strategier har utvecklats for att vardagskoppla grundlaggande fysikkurser samt ersatta traditionella forelasningar, rakneovningar och lektioner med andra undervisningsformer. Ett initiativ som vi sarskilt inspirerats av ar Workshop Physics (Laws, 1997). Grundiden bakom denna undervisningsform ar att lara genom att gora. Studenterna arbetar sig igenom hela kursen genom att utfora olika aktiva ovningar. For vara kurser valde vi att inte byta ut nagot moment utan i stallet lata ovningsverkstaderna bli ett komplement till den ovriga undervisningen. Tidigare forsok med studentaktiv undervisning har visat att vara studenter garna ser flera olika undervisningsmetoder som stodjer varandra (Andersson, 2011). Ovningsverkstaderna uppskattas av bade studenter och larare. Vi tror att de kan utvecklas och anvandas pa manga olika satt. Var forhoppning ar att denna workshop ska vacka nya pedagogiska ideer och inspirera till fortsatt utvecklingsarbete.
PENGARUH FINANCIAL LEVERAGE TERHADAP SYSTEMATIC RISK SAHAM

This Research examine the influence of financial leverage measure by Debt Ratio there are Degree of Financial Leverage (DFL), Debt to Total Asset (DTA) and Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) to the systematic risk (beta) of stock, and also examine the difference influence of thus debt ratio to the systematic risk (beta) of stock in normal period and in the global financial crisis in the year of 2008. This research use the data of firms in the manufacture sector which is listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange (Bursa Efek Indonesia) for the year of 2006 untill 2009. Using the purposive sampling method founded 87 firms for the sample. Research analysis use the panel data regression with General Least Square (GLS) method and 95% degree of confidence. The result of this research found that DFL, DTA and DER have a positive influence to the systematic risk (beta) of stock and also found that there is no difference influence of thus debt ratio to the systematic risk (beta) of stock in the normal period and on the global financial crisis in the year of 2008.
Activity Patterns of Striped Marlin in the Southern California Bight

n e billfish resource along the west coast of Mexico and California is important to both commercial and recreational fisheries. In Mexico, the striped marlin (Tetrupturus u&),is taken in large quantities by commercial longline vessels and by recreational fishermen (Squire and Au 1989). In California, the striped marlin is considered to be among the most desirable of biggame fishes. Although not taken off California in numbers comparable to landings from Mexican waters, it nevertheless supports a very valuable recreational industry (Squire 1987a). In rccognition of its value to California’s sport fishing public, the striped marlin has been legally designated as a game fish for “sport only” utilization and cannot be taken or possessed by commercial fishermen, or imported into California fish markets. The California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG) has documented i d fishery interactions and conflicts in recent years between recreational and commercial fishermen. Tensions between recreational groups and the commercial fishing industry have increased with the expansion of the drift gill-net fisheries for thresher shark (Alopias vulpinus) and swordfish (Xiphias gladius) in the late 1970s and early 1980s (Beford and Hagerman 1983. Beford 1987). Knowledge of striped marlin activity patterns, such as vertical and horizontal swimming pattern, variability of swimming speeds, and temperaturedepth preferences, can provide fisheries managers with essential information m&ed for resolving user conflicts. Acoustic telemetry has been used to monitor the behavior Patterns and physiological characteristics that influence habitat preference of large free-swimming pelagic fish (Holland et al 1986. Yuen 1970, Yuenetal1974,CareyandRobison 1981. Carey and Olson 1981, Yonemori 1982). The current studies with striped marlin are, in part. designed to determine their behavior and vulnerability to various types of commercial and recreational fishing gears and to gain information on the availability of striped marlin off southern California. The correlation of behavioral patterns with various environmental parameters can also be valuable in stock assessment and distribution studies. During September, 1982, biologists with the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) succeeded in tagging with a sonic tag and tracking a striped marlin (SM82-1) for a period of 24 hours off the coast of southern California. Four yean passed before another attempt was made. In 1986, the CDFG recognized the need for information on the behavior of striped marlin as part of studies c o l ~ x r n e d with incidental catches by the drift gill-net fishery for swordfish. A cooperative research project between the CDFG’s Marine Resources Division and the NMFS’ Southwest Fisheries Center’s Pelagic Fisheries Resources Division was established in 1986 to track striped marlin off southern California. During the summers of 1986 and 1987, ten striped marlin were tagged with sonic transmitting tags and their movements tracked. Results of this project todate are reported herein.
Vincristine sulfate liposomal injection for acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Vincristine (VCR) is one of the most extensively used cytotoxic compounds in hemato-oncology. VCR is particularly important for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), a disease that accounts for approximately one-third of all childhood cancer diagnoses. VCR’s full therapeutic potential has been limited by dose-limiting neurotoxicity, classically resulting in autonomic and peripheral sensory–motor neuropathy. In the last decade, however, the discovery that liposomal encapsulation of chemotherapeutics can modulate the pharmacokinetic characteristics of a compound has stimulated much interest in liposomal VCR (vincristine sulfate liposomal injection [VSLI]) formulations for the treatment of ALL and other hematological malignancies. Promising data from recent clinical trials investigating VSLI in adults with ALL resulted in US Food and Drug Administration approval for use in patients with Philadelphia chromosome (t[9;22]/BCR–ABL1) (Ph)-negative (Ph−) disease. Additional clinical trials of VSLI in adults and children with both Ph-positive (Ph+) and Ph− ALL are ongoing. Here we review the preclinical and clinical experience to date with VSLI for ALL.