Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design and Analysis of Macro-micro Combined Catheter-guided Robot for Vascular Interventional Surgery

In this paper, according to the low positioning accuracy of vascular interventional surgery and the large demand of experienced surgeons, we design a macro-micro combined catheter-guided robot to assist catheter intervention. The vascular interventional robot has micro module at the end of the actuator, which is consisted of flexible hinge and parallel double plate mechanism. The micromotion module can help implement micro movement and adjust the displacement offset caused by twisting process of the catheter. Kinematics analysis of the proposed interventional surgical robot was performed, and the work space analysis of the catheter was accomplished using the quintic polynomial method. Finally, to verify the feasibility of the robot, finite element analysis of the terminal micromotion module of the surgical robot was performed. It has been shown that the mechanism of the surgical robot has good statics and kinematics characteristics.
THE DYNAMICS OF LONG WAVES IN A BAROCLINIC WESTERLY CURRENT

Abstract Previous studies of the long-wave perturbations of the free atmosphere have been based on mathematical models which either fail to take properly into account the continuous vertical shear in the zonal current or else neglect the variations of the vertical component of the earth's angular velocity. The present treatment attempts to supply both these elements and thereby to lead to a solution more nearly in accord with the observed behavior of the atmosphere. By eliminating from consideration at the outset the meteorologically unimportant acoustic and shearing-gravitational oscillations, the perturbation equations are reduced to a system whose solution is readily obtained. Exact stability criteria are deduced, and it is shown that the instability increases with shear, lapse rate, and latitude, and decreases with wave length. Application of the criteria to the seasonal averages of zonal wind suggests that the westerlies of middle latitudes are a seat of constant dynamic instability. The unstable wav.
Experimental Convolutional-Recurrent Network in ECG Rhythm for Atrial Fibrillation Classification

Atrial Fibrillation (AF) is a type of irregular heart beating problem which could lead to complications such as heart abnormalities events, including mortality and sudden cardiac death. The presence of AF can be diagnosed by electrocardiogram (ECG), including no clear P-wave and irregular pattern of RR-interval. Typically, the characteristics have been determined from the magnitude or duration of ECG. Unfortunately, it remains a difficult task due to its episodic nature. An automatic classification for AF from ECG signals is valuable for healthcare. This paper proposes a deep learning (DL) approach using a combination of convolutional neural network (CNN) as feature extraction and recurrent network as a classifier based on ECG short rhythm. Also, grid-search-based hyperparameter optimization is used to obtain optimal hyperparameters of the model. CNN learns to extract features used in the classification task, and a recurrent network is suitable for sequential prediction to model the flow of time directly. Among 60 models of hyperparameter tuning, the experimental results and analysis indicate that CNN-bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) outperformed the general model of recurrent neural network (RNN) and gated recurrent unit (GRU) with 96.49% accuracy. The proposed model by employing ECG short rhythm shows promising results and an important approach that can be applied to classify sequential data for AF signal classification.
Energy-Efficient Optimization for WPCN System Based on User Cooperation

This paper presents a user cooperation scheme for wireless-powered communication network (WPCN). Two energy constraints users first harvest RF energy from a dedicated power station (PS) and cooperatively transmit their representative information to an information receiver (IR). We aim to investigate the energy-efficiency (EE) maximization problem while considering the quality of service (QoS) requirements. In order to achieve that, we formulate the maximization problem by jointly optimizing time allocation, power allocation, and energy beamforming vectors. Since the proposed problem is non-convex, variable substitutions, fractional programming, and semidefinite relaxation (SDR) are used to convert it into a convex problem. Finally, an algorithm is proposed for determining the optimal solution. Simulation results show that the proposed user cooperation scheme improves system efficiency by comparing with the non-cooperation scheme as the benchmark.
Reliability Evaluation Method of Motorized Spindle Based on Dual-source Data

As one of the key functional components of the CNC machine tool, the motorized spindle seriously affects the reliability level of the CNC machine tool. At present, the researches on reliability evaluation methods of motorized spindles based on degradation data are still in the preliminary stage, and there are some problems such as single data source and difficult calculation, which affect the accuracy of reliability evaluation results. To solve these problems, this paper presents a novel reliability evaluation method of motorized spindles based on dual-source data. Taking the motorized spindle of the CNC machine tool as the research object, the degradation models based on nonlinear Wiener process are established according to the degradation data of laboratory reliability bench tests and field data respectively. In order to fuse the laboratory data and field data into dual-source data, a reliability model of the performance degradation of the motorized spindle is established based on the Copula function, which realizes accurate and efficient reliability evaluation of the motorized spindle. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by the degradation tests of the motorized spindles.
Best Practices for Model Calibration in Smartphone-based Indoor Positioning Systems

User location and tracking information are increasingly used for contact tracing and social community detection. In-door positioning and indoor navigation systems are reaching good performances in several realistic scenarios. After an evaluation exclusively done through simulations, nowadays, these systems are trying to reach robust performances and good accuracy in heterogeneous environments. Problems are manifold as each environment presents a structure that strongly affects inertial sensors and radio signal propagation. Generally, systems showing the best performances rely on an extended knowledge of the indoor map. Moreover, they implement a model for pedestrian dynamics in terms of e.g step length, stride and the behaviour of the target users. Experimental results obtained during realistic indoor competitions, clearly show that performances drop when such systems are used in unseen scenarios in which an external user test the proposed solution. In fact, many parameters that are generally calibrated and set to maximize the performances might not work as expected. In this paper, we highlight which best practices should be applied for model calibration in smartphone-based indoor positioning systems. We describe a reference system based on a particle filter, and we show the most relevant parameters and the main factors that are generally in common with all similar systems in the literature. We also present the Run-Once tool for reaching optimal parameters, highlighting those best practices that should be applied to indoor positioning systems to maximize their performances and improve their robustness.
On the iron ionization balance of cool stars

High-resolution spectroscopic studies of solar-type stars have revealed higher iron abundances derived from singly ionized species compared to neutral, violating the ionization equilibrium under the assumption of local thermodynamic equilibrium. In this work, we investigate the overabundances of Fe ii lines reported in our previous work for a sample of 451 solar-type HARPS stars in the solar neighborhood. The spectroscopic surface gravities of this sample, which emerge from the ionization balance, appear underestimated for the K-type stars. In order to understand this behaviour, we search our Fe ii line list for unresolved blends and outliers. First, we use the Vienna Atomic Line Database to identify possible unresolved blends around our lines and calculate which ones are strong enough to cause overestimations in the equivalent width measurements. Second, for our sample we use reference parameters (effective temperature and metallicity) and the Gaia DR2 parallaxes to derive surface gravities (trigonometric gravities) and calculate the Fe i and Fe ii abundances from different line lists. We exclude the Fe ii lines which produce overabundances above 0.10 dex. The derived surface gravities from the clean line list are now in agreement with the trigonometric. Moreover, the difference between Fe i and Fe ii abundance does not show now a correlation with the effective temperature. Finally, we show that the ionization balance of Ti can provide better estimates of surface gravities than iron. With this analysis, we provide a solution to the ionization balance problem observed in the atmospheres of cool dwarfs.
Probing the dynamical state, baryon content, and multiphase nature of galaxy clusters with bright background QSOs

We have initiated a programme to study the physical/dynamical state of gas in galaxy clusters and the impact of the cluster environment on gaseous halos of individual galaxies using X-ray imaging and UV absorption line spectroscopy of background QSOs. Here we report results from the analysis Chandra and XMM-Newton archival data of five galaxy clusters with such QSOs, one of which has an archival UV spectrum. We characterize the gravitational masses and dynamical states, as well as the hot intracluster medium (ICM) properties of these clusters. Most clusters are dynamically disturbed clusters based on the X-ray morphology parameters, the X-ray temperature profiles, the large offset between X-ray peak and brightest cluster galaxy (BCG). The baryon contents in the hot ICM and stars of these clusters within $r_{500}$ are lower than the values expected from the gravitational masses, according to the standard cosmology. We also estimate column densities of the hot ICM along the sightlines toward the background QSOs as well as place upper limits on the warm-hot phase for the one sightline with existing UV observations. These column densities, compared with those of the warm and warm-hot ICM to be measured with UV absorption line spectroscopy, will enable us to probe the relationship among various gaseous phases and their connection to the heating/cooling and dynamical processes of the clusters. Furthermore, our analysis of the archival QSO spectrum probing one cluster underscores the need for high quality, targeted UV observations to robustly constrain the 10$^{5-6}$ K gas phase.
Blood Pressure Estimation using Pulse Transient Time Derived from Photoplethysmogram and Seismocardiogram in Smartphone

Recently, with the advance of technology, it is possible to extend of functions of smartphone extremely. Accordingly, there have been growing number of people who want to receive healthcare services using smartphone. In particular, the smartphone has a variety of sensors and the photoplethysmogram(PPG) signal and seismocardiogram (SCG) signal which are reflected in cardiac functions can be acquired easily. In this paper, we came up with the algorithm measuring the bio-signals using the sensors of smartphone and estimating the blood pressure without transitional blood pressure gauge. As a result, the averages of root mean square error obtained by proposed method and reference values (systolic pressure and diastolic pressure) were 9.6mmHg and 5.8mmHg, respectively.
Three-dimensional Laser-induced Hierarchical Copper Current Collector for High-performance Lithium Metal Batteries

Lithium metal, as the most ideal anode material for high energy density batteries, has high capacity and low electrochemical potential. However, the decrease in battery stability caused by the growth of Li dendrites during cycling, and the capacity drop caused by uneven Li plating both hinder the practical application of lithium metal as an anode material. Herein, we fabricate a copper current collector with 3D hierarchical structure by simple ultrafast laser processing method. The micron-scale groove structure can accommodate the volume change of lithium during the plating and stripping process, and reduce the local current density by increasing the specific surface area. Moreover, the laser-induced fluffy nano-CuxO provides more nucleation sites for Li, which uniformizes Li plating and reduces the formation of Li dendrites. Compared with commercial copper foils, half-cells based on 3D hierarchical copper current collectors achieve high coulombic efficiencies over 90% after 125 cycles at 0.5 mA/cm2, and a symmetric cell has a long cycle life over 800 hours at 0.5 mA/cm2. Therefore, our findings provide a feasible way to address the short-circuit problem and capacity decline caused by lithium dendrites in Li-ion batteries.
Lightweight Authentication Protocols for Internet of Vehicles: Network Model, Taxonomy and Challenges

Internet of Vehicles (IoV) has dominated intelligent transportation systems (ITS) because of many traits, including compatibility with portable devices, large network scale, high processing ability, and dynamic topology systems, etc. It is particularly crucial for autonomous vehicles due to their ability to communicate with other nearby vehicles and make correct driving decisions. Since open channels are used for all communication in the IoV environment, it offers an opportunity for an adversary to extract, delete, insert, or modify data during communication. In this paper, an in-depth review of the security of IoV is presented out by discussing an authentication and key agreement model utilized in IoV communication. Then we present a taxonomy of lightweight authentication protocols in IoV, including its cryptographic techniques, evolution, and architecture. A thorough comparison study of recently proposed lightweight authentication protocols for the IoV environment is done based on security attacks, functionality features, and communication costs. Finally, we identify the existing challenges and future directions necessary to address in the near future.
Experimental Investigation on Absorption Power of Electromagnetic Wave Absorber Based on Patch Pattern

This paper presents the experimental investigation of electromagnetics (EM) wave absorber based on patch pattern to analyze its absorption power. Three different patch patterns of EM wave absorber were used in the investigation, namely square resonator pattern, ring resonator pattern, and split ring resonator pattern. The investigation was performed in an anechoic chamber using a horn antenna connected to a Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) to measure reflected wave from the proposed EM wave absorber. The horn antenna and the measured EM wave absorber was separated around 1.5 m to comply a far-field region of measurement. At the frequency of 3 GHz, the absorption powers in an ideal condition for the EM wave absorber with square resonator pattern, ring resonator pattern, and split ring resonator pattern are −12.05 dB, −14.33 dB and −14.26 dB, respectively. The investigation results showed that the realized EM wave absorber with ring resonator pattern has better total impedance compared to other patterns indicated by the value of absorption power.
Accuracy of Natural Language Processing Algorithms in Representing Stressed Words in Closed Captioning

For English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners whose native tongue is not a stress-timed language, it is a difficult task to master word stress in speaking. Despite technological advances and years of learning English in school, many Thai EFL learners, in particular, are struggling with correct stress placement in English words, especially when conversing in English. With knowledge of natural language processing and English linguistics, this study creates closed captions to provide additional visual information on stress placement to help these learners making themselves better understood in English conversation. This also helps those who are deaf or hard of hearing to recognize highlighted audio narratives properly. The purpose of this study is to determine the accuracy of word stress representation in closed captions via human auditory analysis and perception. The results show that the current approach delivers 74.19% of representation accuracy.
Multi-Grid-Based Localized Statistical Channel Modeling: A Radio Map Approach

Localized channel modeling is paramount for 5G cellular network optimization. However, the existing channel models either apply to general scenarios and can not well match the localized geographical structures of physical environment, or have high computational complexity. In this paper, we propose a localized statistical channel modeling (LSCM) based on the radio map, which is aware of the targeted propagation environment. Instead of using channel impulse response, LSCM solely relies on the reference signal receiving power (RSRP), which can be expressed as a linear model of the channel's angular power spectrum (APS). Based on this, we formulate the task of channel modeling as a sparse recovery problem where the non-zero entries of the APS indicate the channel paths' power and angles of departure. In order to achieve good channel modeling performance, we propose a multi-grid-based APS estimation scheme which can make our LSCM more accurate. To exploit the similarities of the channel paths from adjacent grids, construct the radio map by interpolating the RSRP, and cluster the grids in beamspace. A novel regularization term that constrains both sparsity and similarity is also proposed to address the multi-grid-based LSCM problem. At last, extensive simulations based on both synthetic and real RSRP measurements are presented to verify the performance of the proposed channel model.
Positron and gamma-ray signatures of dark matter annihilation and big-bang nucleosynthesis

The positron excess observed by the PAMELA experiment may come from dark matter annihilation, if the annihilation cross section is large enough. We show that the dark matter annihilation scenarios to explain the positron excess may also be compatible with the discrepancy of the cosmic lithium abundances between theory and observations. The winolike neutralino in the supersymmetric standard model is a good example for it. This scenario may be confirmed by Fermi satellite experiments.
Real-Time, Dynamic Sensory Feedback Using Neuromorphic Tactile Signals and Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation

Despite advances in motor control of current upper limb prosthetic devices, many prosthetic users still experience poor prosthesis embodiment due to a lack of sensory feedback. Previous studies have focused on novel tactile sensor development, neuron-like (neuromorphic) encoding, and sensory stimulation to develop sensorized prosthetics. However, the real-time dynamics of the tactile information and sensory feedback have not yet been addressed. In this work, we developed a neuromorphic closed-loop system that integrates tactile sensing and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in real time. We demonstrate the dynamic characteristics of the sensory stimulation pulses that change in response to real-time neuromorphic tactile information, which is the foundation of enhanced sensory perception and dexterous motor control in upper limb amputees.
Top Quark Mass Measurement Using the Template Method in the Lepton + Jets Channel at CDF II

This article presents a measurement of the top quark mass using the CDF II detector at Fermilab. Colliding beams of protons and anti-protons at Fermilab’s Tevatron ( √ s = 1.96 TeV) produce top/anti-top pairs, which decay to W+W−bb̄; events are selected where one W decays to hadrons, and the other W decays to either e or μ plus a neutrino. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of approximately 318 pb. A total of 165 tt̄ events are separated into four subsamples based on jet transverse energy thresholds and the number of b jets identified by reconstructing a displaced vertex. In each event, the reconstructed top quark invariant mass is determined by minimizing a χ2 for the overconstrained kinematic system. At the same time, the mass of the hadronically decaying W boson is measured in the same event sample. The observed W boson mass provides an in situ improvement in the determination of the hadronic jet energy scale, JES. A simultaneous likelihood fit of the reconstructed top quark masses and the W boson invariant masses in the data sample to distributions from simulated signal and background events gives a top quark mass of 173.5 +3.7 −3.6 (stat.+JES)±1.3 (other syst.) GeV/c2, or 173.5 +3.9 −3.8 GeV/c2. PACS numbers: 13.85Ni, 13.85Qk, 14.65Ha
U Form Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra Wideband Communications

The present paper proposes a novel approach to enhance the performance and radiation efficiency of an Ultra-Wideband (UWB) miniaturized antenna. The latter consists of a rectangular patch supplied by a 50 ohm microstrip line and a rectangular slot inserted on the radiating element on stair treads between the feed and the antenna. This configuration allows a better adaptation. The study was carried out in UWB range of 3.1 to 16.7 GHz. The antenna's geometry and the results were acquired via an electromagnetic simulator (CST Computer Simulation Technology). The design and its performance are reviewed in this research paper.
Validity of the TAM Model in the context of electronic payment ofport dues in Morocco

In a Connected World, where 62% of its Population had access to the Internet in 2022 (Internet Live Stats), the demand for the use of remote services is increasing more and more from one year to the next. Despite the importance of using these Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in many areas of life, the issue of acceptance and use has been and continues to be of interest to many researchers. The objective of this paper is to find out the determinants of acceptance and use of ICT in the field of payment of port dues in the case of cross-border trade. In this study, 144 users of the multi-channel payment platforms for rights of way at Moroccan ports were interviewed. After processing the collected data, the results of the study showed that the ease of use as well as the perceived usefulness of these new means of payment positively impacted users' attitudes towards these payment solutions and subsequently increased the percentage of usage, which reconfirms previous tests of the validity of the TAM and T AM2 Technology Acceptance Model.
Power-Efficient and Accurate Texture Sensing Using Spiking Readouts for High-Density e-Skins

Fine-grain tactile sensing has recently gained much attention in robotics applications where the manipulation of potentially fragile objects must be provided. This has led to the emergence of electronic skin (e-skin) sensors, usually implemented with conventional frame-based acquisition chains. In addition, prosthetics applications require e-skins with human-level, sub-millimeter spatial resolution. This paper proposes to study two types of spike-based e-skin readout circuits, based on conventional and neuromorphic level crossing architectures. Compared to prior frame-based, coarse spatial resolution readout schemes, a sub-millimeter spiking e-skin scheme is modeled and compared to its frame-based counterpart in terms of power consumption and texture classification accuracy, using a Spiking Neural Network. Our analysis shows that the sparsity-inducing spike-based solutions achieve one order of magnitude lower power consumption while reaching a higher classification accuracy (87.92%) compared to the frame-based readout (74.58%).