Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Critical Thinking Transfer Practice Instrument: A Content Validity Calculation Steps Based on Expert Panel Evaluation

Development of critical thinking instruments only focus on learning effectiveness, thus lacking the instrument measuring critical thinking transfer practice (CTTP) specific for medical undergraduates. This study aimed to develop an instrument that can measure CTTP amongst medical undergraduates in Malaysia with the primary focus on describing the steps for content validity calculation. A quantitative survey approach was applied through written questionnaire. Eight experts from public universities in Malaysia were selected through judgement sampling. The content validity calculation steps are presented in detail in form of content validity index (CVI) and modified Kappa coefficient (κ*) score. The validity test involved 216 items, representing six sub-constructs. Item-level CVI (I-CVI), κ* score and scale-level CVI (S-CVI) were calculated for evaluation criteria, namely, relevance, clarity and representativeness of each item. Results revealed that 213 out of 216 items were rated as appropriate (I-CVI ≥ 0.80) on all the evaluation criteria. From 213 items, 133 outstanding items were included in the instrument. After items deletion, the validity of the instrument improved. The study results may impact future development of critical thinking assessment in education. The instrument has the potential to be a CTTP psychometric measuring tool for medical undergraduates. The study will provides for others the knowledge of content validation process and procedures with emphasis on steps of content validity calculation. The study will also helps medical educators to better understand CTTP sub-constructs. These sub-constructs may help them to create better critical thinking pedagogies.
Impacts de l’abandon sur l’intégration socioprofessionnelle

Résumé Nous avons consacré cet article au traitement de l’impacts de l’abandon sur l’intégration socioprofessionnelle en termes de facteurs qui influent sur l’intégration socioprofessionnelle, motifs de l’abandon et types d’abandon. On constate que le phénomène de l’abandon est dû principalement à des conditions socio-économiques, à la faiblesse des valeurs morales et à la vulnérabilité psychologique. Il est caractérisé par, la souffrance de ces enfants au niveau étiologique, la stigmatisation sociale et une période de développement psychique. Notre analyse révèle que l’avidité émotionnelle est une conséquence de l’abandon, cependant, il est clair que les déficits émotionnels ne sont pas la seule conséquence , car il existe aussi un manque de confiance en soi qui impacte fortement l’intégration socioprofessionnelle. Elle affecte l’image que nous avons de nous-mêmes dans l’enfance et tout au long de notre vie. toutefois, une conséquence négative secondaire est qu’elle empêche l’établissement de certaines relations dans le monde réel. Un autre aspect révélé par notre analyse théorique est que, les enfants qui ont été abandonnés Abstract We have devoted this article to the treatment of the impacts of abandonment on socio-professional integration in terms of factors that influence socio-professional integration, reasons for abandonment and types of abandonment. We notice that the phenomenon of abandonment is mainly due to socio-economic conditions, weak moral values and psychological vulnerability. It is characterized by the suffering of these children at the etiological level, social stigmatization and a period of psychological development. Our analysis reveals that emotional greed is a consequence of abandonment, however, it is clear that emotional deficits are not the only consequence, as there is also a lack of self-confidence that strongly impacts the socio-professional integration. It affects the image we have of ourselves in childhood and throughout our lives. However, a secondary negative consequence is that it prevents the establishment of certain relationships in the real world. Another aspect revealed by our theoretical analysis is that children who have been abandoned often feel helpless and unable to perform on a regular basis. As a result, they have difficulty projecting themselves into the future. Because they cannot believe in their own potential, they often do not fit in at school and this state of inconsistency and powerlessness exacerbates negative changes in their self-esteem. In this article, we propose a synthetic analysis of the most relevant work on the impact of dropout on socio-professional integration. After discussing the definitions used by researchers for the concept of abandonment, we analyze the key factors that influence the socio-professional integration of abandoned children, the areas affected by abandonment and the methods to control these factors.
Axion hot dark matter bounds after Planck

We use cosmological observations in the post-Planck era to derive limits on thermally produced cosmological axions. In the early universe such axions contribute to the radiation density and later to the hot dark matter fraction. We find an upper limit m_a < 0.67 eV at 95% C.L. after marginalising over the unknown neutrino masses, using CMB temperature and polarisation data from Planck and WMAP respectively, the halo matter power spectrum extracted from SDSS-DR7, and the local Hubble expansion rate H_0 released by the Carnegie Hubble Program based on a recalibration of the Hubble Space Telescope Key Project sample. Leaving out the local H_0 measurement relaxes the limit somewhat to 0.86 eV, while Planck+WMAP alone constrain the axion mass to 1.01 eV, the first time an upper limit on m_a has been obtained from CMB data alone. Our axion limit is therefore not very sensitive to the tension between the Planck-inferred H_0 and the locally measured value. This is in contrast with the upper limit on the neutrino mass sum, which we find here to range from 0.27 eV at 95% C.L. combining all of the aforementioned observations, to 0.84 eV from CMB data alone.
Psikolojik Personel Güçlendirme ile Psikososyal Riskler Arasındaki İlişkinin Belirlenmesi: Konaklama İşletmelerinde Bir Araştırma (Determining the Relationship Between Psychological Empowerment and Psychosocial Risks: A Research in Hospitality Businesses)

Araştırmanın örneklemini İstanbul Tarihi Yarımada’da faaliyet gösteren 4 ve 5 yıldızlı konaklama işletmelerindeki 507 çalışan oluşturmaktadır. Bu araştırma, psikolojik personel güçlendirme ile psikososyal riskler arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Veriler; açıklayıcı faktör analizi, korelasyon ve regresyon analizleri ile incelenmiştir. Analizler sonucunda; anlam boyutunun, psikososyal risklerin liderlik kalitesi-sosyal destek, iş doyumu, işin anlamı-işe bağlılık, duyusal-bilişsel talep, rol açıklığı, topluluk duygusu boyutları üzerinde pozitif yönlü, anlamlı etkisi belirlenmiş; rol çatışması ile duyguları gizleme üzerinde ise negatif yönlü ve anlamlı etkisi tespit edilmiştir. Yetkinlik boyutunun, psikososyal risklerin duyusal-bilişsel talep, rol açıklığı ve duyguları gizleme boyutları üzerinde pozitif yönlü, anlamlı etkisi saptanmıştır. Özerklik boyutunun, psikososyal risklerin liderlik kalitesi-sosyal destek, işe etki-özgürlük derecesi, duyusalbilişsel talep, rol çatışması ve gelişme olanağı boyutları üzerinde pozitif yönlü, anlamlı etkisinin olduğu görülmüştür. Etki boyutunun ise psikososyal risklerin işe etki-özgürlük derecesi, iş doyumu, işin anlamı-işe bağlılık, rol çatışması ve duyguları gizleme boyutları üzerinde pozitif yönlü, anlamlı etkisi belirlenmiştir.
İşkoliklik ve Tükenmişliğin İşten Ayrılma Niyetine Etkisi: 4 ve 5 Yıldızlı Otel Çalışanlarına Yönelik Bir Araştırma (The Effect Of Workatholic And Burnout On Intent To Leave: A Research For 4 And 5 Star Hotel Employees)

Turizm işletmelerinin başarısında nitelikli çalışanlara sahip olmak ve bu çalışanların işletmelerinde çalışmaya devam etmesini sağlamak önemli bir durum olarak ifade edilmektedir. Personel devir oranının yüksek olduğu turizm işletmelerinde, çalışanların işten ayrılmalarına sebep olabilecek pek çok faktörün olabileceği görülmektedir. Bu sebeplerin neler olabileceğinin öğrenilmesi ve bu konuda gerekli tedbirlerin alınması nitelikli çalışanların işletmeden ayrılmalarına engel olabilir. Araştırmanın temel amacı, 4 ve 5 yıldızlı otel işletmeleri çalışanlarında işten ayrılma niyeti ile işkoliklik ve tükenmişlik düzeylerini öğrenmek ve bu değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koymaktır. İstanbul ve Antalya’da faaliyet gösteren 4 ve 5 yıldızlı otel çalışanlarıyla anket yöntemiyle bir saha çalışması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Otel çalışanlarından elde edilen veriler istatistiksel yöntemlerle analiz edilmiştir. Yapılan analizler neticesinde, otel çalışanlarının hem işkolikliği hem de tükenmişliği orta düzeyde yaşamalarına karşın çalışanlarda işten ayrılma niyetine etkisi olmadığı görülmüştür
Discrimination with error margin between two states: Case of general occurrence probabilities

We investigate a state discrimination problem which interpolates minimum error and unambiguous discrimination by introducing a margin for the probability of error. We closely analyze discrimination of two pure states with general occurrence probabilities. The optimal measurements are classified into three types. One of the three types of measurement is optimal depending on parameters occurrence probabilities and error margin. We determine the three domains in the parameter space and the optimal discrimination success probability in each domain in a fully analytic form. It is also shown that when the states to be discriminated are multipartite, the optimal success probability can be attained by local operations and classical communication. For discrimination of two mixed states, an upper bound of the optimal success probability is obtained.
Photon trapping enables super-Eddington growth of black hole seeds in galaxies at high redshift

We identify a physical mechanism that would have resulted in rapid, obscured growth of seed supermassive black holes in galaxies at z 6. Specifically, we find that the density at the centre of typical high-redshift galaxies was at a level where the Bondi accretion rate implies a diffusion speed of photons that was slower than the gravitational infall velocity, resulting in photons being trapped within the accretion flow and advected into the black hole. We show that there is a range of black hole masses (Mbh ∼ 10 3−5 M� ) where the accretion flow traps radiation, corresponding to black holes that were massive enough to generate a photon trapping accretion flow, but small enough that their Bondi radii did not exceed the isothermal scale height of self-gravitating gas. Under these conditions we find that the accretion reaches levels far in excess of the Eddington rate. A prediction of this scenario is that X-ray number counts of active galactic nuclei at z 6 would exhibit a cutoff at the low luminosities corresponding to black
Twistor-strings and gravity tree amplitudes

Recently we discussed how Einstein supergravity tree amplitudes might be obtained from the original Witten and Berkovits twistor-string theory when external conformal gravitons are restricted to be Einstein gravitons. Here we obtain a more systematic understanding of the relationship between conformal and Einstein gravity amplitudes in that twistor-string theory. We show that although it does not in general yield Einstein amplitudes, we can nevertheless obtain some partial twistor-string interpretation of the remarkable formulae recently been found by Hodges and generalized to all tree amplitudes by Cachazo and Skinner. The Hodges matrix and its higher degree generalizations encode the world sheet correlators of the twistor string. These matrices control both Einstein amplitudes and those of the conformal gravity arising from the Witten and Berkovits twistor-string. Amplitudes in the latter case arise from products of the diagonal elements of the generalized Hodges matrices and reduced determinants give the former. The reduced determinants arise if the contractions in the worldsheet correlator are restricted to form connected trees at MHV. The (generalized) Hodges matrices arise as weighted Laplacian matrices for the graph of possible contractions in the correlators and the reduced determinants of these weighted Laplacian matrices give the sum of the connected tree contributions by an extension of the matrix-tree theorem.
Carcinoma of Unknown Original Identified as Renal Cell Carcinoma by 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Scan: A Report of Two Cases

Imaging is useful in identifying the primary site of an unknown primary cancer, and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) is an excellent imaging modality for identifying the primary lesion. However, a potential limitation is that 18F-FDG is physiologically excreted from the kidneys, thus masking renal lesions. In this report, we describe two cases of cancer of unknown origin that were detected as originating from renal cancer on 18F-FDG PET/CT. Both cases showed abnormal nodular accumulation of 18F-FDG in the kidney, which can be distinguished from the physiological excretion of 18F-FDG in the urinary tract. It is clinically crucial to be able to confirm the possibility of renal cancer, and careful observation of the urinary tract with 18F-FDG PET/CT can be useful.
Peak of spectral energy distribution plays an important role in intra-day variability of blazars?

Blazars can be divided into two sub-classes namely high energy and low energy peaked blazars. In spectral energy distribution, the first synchrotron hump of the former class peaks in UV/X-rays and in IR/optical bands for the latter class. The peak of the spectral energy distribution seems to be responsible for variability properties of these classes of blazars in X-ray and optical bands. Since, in low energy peaked blazars, the X-ray bands lies well below the synchrotron hump, one expects that the highest energy electrons available for the synchrotron emission would have slower effect of variability on X-ray intra-day timescale. In this paper, by taking the advantage of a sample of 12 low energy peaked blazars with total 50 observations from XMM$-$Newton since its launch, we confirm that this class is less variable in X-ray bands. We found that out of 50 observational light curves, genuine intra-day variability is present in only two of light curves i.e 4%. Similar results we obtained from our earlier optical intra-day variability studies of high energy peaked blazars where out of 144 light curves, only genuine intra-day variability was detected in 6 light curves i.e ~ 4%. Since, X-ray bands lie below the peak of the spectral energy distribution of LSPs where inverse Compton mechanism is dominating rather than synchrotron radiation at the peak of the optical band, leads to slower variability in the X-ray bands. Hence, reducing their intra-day variability in X-ray bands as compared to the variability in optical bands.
Small violations of full-correlation Bell inequalities for multipartite pure random states

We estimate the probability of random $N$-qudit pure states violating full-correlation Bell inequalities with two dichotomic observables per site. These inequalities can show violations that grow exponentially with $N$, but we prove this is not the typical case. For many-qubit states the probability to violate any of these inequalities by an amount that grows linearly with $N$ is vanishingly small. If each system's Hilbert space dimension is larger than two, on the other hand, the probability of seeing \emph{any} violation is already small. For the qubits case we discuss furthermore the consequences of this result for the probability of seeing arbitrary violations (\emph i.e., of any order of magnitude) when experimental imperfections are considered.
Analysis of the exciton-exciton interaction in semiconductor quantum wells

The exciton-exciton interaction is investigated for quasi-two-dimensional quantum structures. A bosonization scheme is applied including the full spin structure. For generating the effective interaction potentials, the Hartree-Fock and Heitler-London approaches are improved by a full two-exciton calculation which includes the van der Waals effect. With these potentials the biexciton formation in bilayer systems is investigated. For coupled quantum wells the two-body scattering matrix is calculated and employed to give a modified relation between exciton density and blue shift. Such a relation is of central importance for gauging exciton densities in experiments which pave the way toward Bose-Einstein condensation of excitons.
Raw clay for ibuprofen and chlortetracycline removal from aqueous solution

This study aimed to evaluate the adsorption performances of local raw clay for the removal of ibuprofen (IBP) and chlortetracycline (CTC) well detected in aquatic environments. The CTC and IBP adsorption was carried out in batch system at different conditions. The results revealed the efficiency of this adsorbent without any modification at a concentration of 2 g/L, 293°K, and an initial concentration of pollutant 50 mg/L. The maximum adsorbed quantities of CTC and IBP are 24.515 and 14.005 mg/g at 120 and 90 min respectively. The effect of pH was almost negligible for both drugs. The raw clay samples before and after adsorption were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis and infrared spectroscopy. The results showed that the two pollutants were differently adsorbed on the tested clay. Kinetic study showed that the pseudo-second-order model fitted well the experimental data for both drugs, and the sorption results were best represented by Langmuir model (0.04 < R L < 0.7 and R 2 > 0.97). The maximum Langmuir adsorption capacity at 293°K, is 47.65 for IBP and 64.65 mg/g for CTC. The sorption of both pollutants is exothermic. For the CTC spontaneous favorable physisorption was observed. However, Elovich model confirmed the chemisorption of IBP.
Melt homogenization and self-organization of chalcogenides glasses: evidence of sharp rigidity, stress and nanoscale phase separation transitions in the GexSe100-x binary

A Raman profiling method is used to monitor growth of GexSe100-x melts and reveals a two step process of homogenization. Resulting homogeneous glasses show the non-reversing enthalpy at Tg, {\Delta}Hnr(x), to show a square-well like variation with x, with a rigidity transition near xc(1) = 19.5(5)% and stress transition near xc(2) = 26.0(5)%) representing the boundaries of the rigid but stress-free Intermediate Phase (IP). The square-well like variation of {\Delta}Hnr(x) develops sloping walls, a triangular shape and eventually disappears in glasses having an increasing heterogeneity. The {\Delta}Hnr term ages over weeks outside the IP but not inside the IP. An optical analogue of the reversibility window is observed with Raman spectra of as-quenched melts and Tg cycled glasses being the same for glass compositions in the IP but different for compositions outside the IP. Variations of Molar volumes, display three regimes of behavior with a global minimum in the IP and a pronounced increase outside that phase. The intrinsic physical behavior of dry and homogeneous chalcogenides glasses can vary sharply with composition near elastic and chemical phase transitions, showing that the physics of network glasses requires homogeneous samples, and may be far more interesting than hitherto recognized.
Fast Array Diagnosis Based on Measured Complex Array Signals with Short Measurement Distance

—Fast array diagnosis method is of great importance for ensuring reliable array performances in the ﬁfth generation (5G) communication systems. In this paper, a fast array diagnosis method is presented for antenna arrays composed of several subarrays. The objective is to detect the failures based on the measured complex array signals in short measurement distance. A single probe is required to record the array response in the near-ﬁeld of the array. All the array elements are excited simultaneously, and only phase shift states of 0 ◦ and 180 ◦ are required in the measurements. For a base station (BS) antenna array with N subarrays, N + 1 measurements are required, resulting in a fast diagnosis process. Finally, the proposed method was validated in an antenna array composed of 4 subarrays with 3 antenna elements in each subarray and successful diagnosis results (both for the whole subarray and single antenna element failure cases) can be observed.
Is Weather Chaotic

The correlation dimension and K2-entropy are estimated from meteorological time- series. The results lead us to claim that seasonal variability of weather is under influence of low dimensional dynamics, whereas changes of weather from day to day are governed by high dimensional system(s). Error-doubling time of this system is less than 3 days. We suggest that the outstanding feature of the weather dynamics is deterministic chaos.
Simulations of Barred Galaxies in Triaxial Dark Matter Haloes: The Effects of Gas

The baryonic discs of galaxies are believed to alter the shapes of the dark matter haloes in which they reside. We perform a set of hydrodynamical N-body simulations of disc galaxies with triaxial dark matter haloes, using elliptical discs with a gaseous component as initial conditions. We explore models of different halo triaxiality and also of different initial gas fractions, which allows us to evaluate how each affects the formations of the bar. Due to star formation, models of all halo shapes and of all initial gas fractions reach approximately the same gas content at the end of the simulation. Nevertheless, we find that the presence of gas in the early phases has important effects on the subsequent evolution. Bars are generally weaker for larger initial gas content and for larger halo triaxiality. The presence of gas, however, is a more efficient factor in inhibiting the formation of a strong bar than halo triaxiality is.
Coexistence of superfluid gap and pseudogap in the BCS-BEC crossover regime of a trapped Fermi gas below Tc

We investigate strong pairing fluctuations and effects of a harmonic trap in the superfluid phase of an ultracold Fermi gas. Including amplitude and phase fluctuations of the inhomogeneous superfluid order parameter � (r) in a trap within a combined T-matrix theory with the local density approximation, we examine local properties of single-particle excitations and a thermodynamic quantity in the BCS-BEC crossover region. Below the superfluid phase transition temperature Tc, we show that inhomogeneous pairing fluctuations lead to a shell structure of the gas cloud in which the spatial region where the ordinary BCS-type superfluid density of states appears surrounded by the region where the pseudogap associated with strong pairing fluctuations dominates single-particle excitations. The former spatial region enlarges to eventually cover the whole gas cloud far below Tc. We also examine how this shell structure affects the photoemission spectrum, as well as the local pressure. Since a cold Fermi gas is always trapped in a harmonic potential, our results would be useful for the study of strong-coupling superfluid physics, including this realistic situation.