Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Physical Exercise on Depression in College Students: The Chain Mediating Role of Self-Concept and Social Support

Objective This study introduced self-concept and social support as research variables to establish a research mechanism, in order to encourage college students to participate in sports better, relieve or overcome depression. Methods The survey was conducted among 1,200 college students in Jiangxi, China. Serial mediation models were used to examine whether self-concept and social support mediated in the effect of physical exercise on depression. Results Physical exercise significantly negatively predicted college depression. Moreover, Self-concept and social support mediate the relationship between physical exercise and depression in college students. Conclusion This study reveals how physical exercise affects college students’ depression and its mechanism, and the results have certain enlightenment significance for maintaining and promoting college students’ physical and mental health.
Peripheralization, Ejidos and Agricultural Livelihoods in Intermediate Mexican Cities: The Importance of Collective Agency to Reduce Vulnerabilities

This paper focuses on the interactions between peripheralization, vulnerabilities of agricultural livelihoods, and local collective agency in the creation of new capabilities in intermediate cities. It discusses the theoretical implications of a study conducted in the municipality of Tarímbaro, part of the intermediate city of Morelia, Mexico; it expands on results already published in preliminary form. The unit of analysis was the ejido, since this type of social land tenure, granted to landless peasants in 1917 after the Mexican Revolution, is one of the most important forms of social organization in rural Mexico. About one-half of the Mexican territory comprises >30,000 community-based land tenures (mainly ejidos), and a high proportion of the land now occupied by urban centers was ejido land. This paper uses the example of 15 ejidos, notably affected by the expansion of Morelia city, to illustrate how local (rural) organizations can foster collective agency to reduce differential vulnerabilities in peri-urban agricultural livelihoods in intermediate cities. In 2015, a semi-structured interview was undertaken with the president of each ejido, followed by a survey of 61 individuals from 11 of the 15 ejidos. The peripheralization of Morelia has produced inequalities in the adjacent municipality of Tarímbaro. Differential vulnerabilities in peri-urban agricultural livelihoods were found in the participant ejidos. Not all the ejidos have been successful in addressing vulnerabilities associated with urbanization of agricultural land, but those who have achieved some success have certain characteristics that reinforce common values and motivations to establish common goals to sustain local livelihoods. This paper highlights the importance of functional (rural) organizations in regulating access to, and distribution of, resources in the peripheries of intermediate cities.
Knowledge of Symptoms of Acute Myocardial Infarction, Reaction to the Symptoms, and Ability to Perform Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: Results From a Cross-sectional Survey in Four Regions in Germany

Background Ischemic heart disease affects 126 million individuals globally which illustrates the importance of finding ways to decrease mortality and morbidity in case of an acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Since knowledge of symptoms, correct reaction to symptoms, and ability to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) decreases the time from symptoms-onset to reperfusion, which leads to lower AMI mortality, we aimed to examine those factors and identify predicting variables in regions with low and high AMI mortality rates. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional online survey including 633 respondents from the general population in four federal states in Germany with low and high AMI mortality and morbidity rates. We used uni- and multivariable regressions to find health-related and sociodemographic factors associated with knowledge, reaction to symptoms, and skills in CPR. Results Out of 11 symptoms, the mean of correctly attributed AMI symptoms was 7.3 (standard deviation 1.96). About 93% of respondents chose to call an ambulance when witnessing an AMI. However, when confronted with the description of a real-life situation, only 35 and 65% of the participants would call an ambulance in case of abdominal and chest pain, respectively. The predicting variables for higher knowledge were being female, knowing someone with heart disease, and being an ex-smoker compared to people who never smoked. Higher knowledge was associated with adequate reaction in the description of a real-life situation and ability to perform CPR. Prevalence ratio for being able to perform CPR was lower in females, older participants, and participants with low educational level. About 38% of participants state to know how to perform CPR. Our results indicate rather no difference regarding knowledge, reaction to AMI symptoms, and ability to perform CPR among different regions in Germany. Conclusions Knowledge of symptoms and first responder reaction including skills in CPR is inadequate when confronted with the description of a real-life situation. Educational health campaigns should focus on conveying information close to real-life situations. Interventions for enhancing ability to perform CPR should be compulsory in regular intervals. Interestingly, we found no difference regarding the factors in regions with high and low AMI mortality rates in Germany.
Exogenous Melatonin Modulates Physiological Response to Nitrogen and Improves Yield in Nitrogen-Deficient Soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.)

Melatonin (MT) is a key plant growth regulator. To investigate its effect at different growth stages on the yield of soybean under nitrogen deficiency, 100 μM MT was applied to soybean supplemented with zero nitrogen (0N), low nitrogen (LN), and control nitrogen (CK) levels, during the plant vegetative growth (V3) and filling (R5) stages. This study revealed that the application of MT mainly enhanced the nitrogen fixation of plants by increasing the root nodule number and provided more substrates for glutamine synthetase (GS) under 0N supply. However, under the LN supply, more ammonium was assimilated through the direct promotion of nitrate reductase (NR) activity by MT. MT enhanced the activity of ammonium-assimilation-related enzymes, such as GOGAT and GDH, and the expression of their coding genes, promoted the synthesis of chlorophyll and amino acids, and increased the photosynthetic capacity under nitrogen deficiency. Exogenous MT directly upregulated the expression of genes involved in the photosynthetic system and stimulated dry-matter accumulation. Thus, MT alleviated the inhibitory effect of nitrogen deficiency on soybean yield. This mitigation effect was better when MT was applied at the V3 stage, and the seed weight per plant increased by 16.69 and 12.20% at 0N and LN levels, respectively. The results of this study provide a new theoretical basis to apply MT in agriculture to improve the resilience of soybean plants to low nitrogen availability.
Otitis Media and Its Association With Hearing Loss in Chinese Adults: A Population Based Study of 4 Provinces in China

Objective Otitis media is a recognized cause of significant hearing loss, particularly in developing countries. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between otitis media and hearing loss in Chinese adults aged 18 years and older. Methods The survey was based on WHO Ear and Hearing Disorders Survey Protocol and 36,783 adults at the ages between 18 years and above were selected in this study. Trained local examiners performed pure tone audiometry to screen people with hearing loss, and those who were screened positively for hearing loss were referred to audiologists to make final diagnosis. All participants underwent clinical ENT check-up and otoscopic examination by doctors trained in ENT. Each participant was assigned a single middle ear diagnosis. Diagnoses were assigned as per the WHO classification of ear and hearing disorders. Results Logistic regressions showed that higher prevalence of hearing loss was found in participants with otitis media, with an unadjusted odds ratio of 5.67 (95%CI: 4.66, 6.90). The next two models (Model 2–3) had slight impact on ORs. The interaction of residency and otitis media was statistically significant (OR = 1.70, 95%CI = 1.15, 2.53); otitis media patients in rural areas had higher risk of hearing loss. However, this interaction became not significant in 65 years old and above participants. Conclusions Otitis media was associated with the risk of hearing loss. Compared with urban patients with otitis media, rural patients have the higher risk of hearing loss. Action to reduce the risk of hearing loss in otitis media will require attention to rural-urban disparities.
Social Contexts and Gender Disparities in Students’ Competence Beliefs: The Role of Gender-Stereotypical Beliefs and Achievement Patterns in the Classroom for Students’ Self-Concept in Gender-Stereotypical Subjects

This study investigated the role of social contexts for gender disparities in education by examining the associations between gender-stereotypical beliefs (GSB) of students, peers, and teachers and gender achievement patterns in the classroom and students’ self-concept in language and math. We applied multilevel models with school fixed effects to a unique sample of combined survey and register data from Denmark to analyze detailed learning environments within schools and their correlations with gender differences in self-concept across subject domains. Results showed a gender gap in favor of boys in mathematics, net of academic achievement that were consistent across classrooms. In language, the influence of gender varied across classrooms. Furthermore, although GSB and gender achievement patterns did not alter the gender gap in either language or mathematics, we found that they moderated the relationship between gender and self-concept in heterogeneous ways across subjects. While teachers’ GSB increased the gender gap in language by decreasing boys’ self-concept, the students’ own GSB was more important for students’ self-concept in mathematics. Moreover, girls’ mathematics self-concept was lower in classrooms, in which, female peers had a relatively higher level of mathematics achievement compared to boys, suggesting that counter-stereotypical achievement patterns in the classroom do not increase students’ self-concept in subjects with strong gender stereotypes. On the contrary, girls are most likely to compare themselves to female peers, resulting in a negative association with self-evaluations. Our results highlighted the role played by social contexts in schools in the generation of gender differences in self-concept in traditionally stereotyped subject domains, but also showed important differences in how boys and girls were affected by their learning environments across different subject domains, suggesting there are different mechanisms at play.
Recent Approaches to Determine Static and Dynamic Redox State-Related Parameters

Oxidative stress refers to an imbalance between oxidant and antioxidant molecules, which is usually associated with oxidative damage to biomolecules and mitochondrial malfunction. Redox state-related parameters include (1) the direct measurement of ROS, (2) the assessment of the antioxidant defense status, and (3) the analysis of the resulting oxidative damage to molecules. Directly measuring ROS appears to be the preferred method among scientists, but most ROS are extremely unstable and difficult to measure. The processes of determining both the oxidative damage to biomolecules and the antioxidant system status, although both are indirect approaches, provide a reliable method to measure oxidative stress on a given sample. Recently, the Seahorse XF and the Oroboros O2k systems have provided new insights into the redox state from a more dynamic point of view. These techniques assess mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation function and bioenergetics on isolated mitochondria, cultured cells, or specific tissues such as permeabilized fibers. This review describes a range of methodologies to measure redox state-related parameters, their strengths, and their limitations. In conclusion, all these techniques are valid and none of them can be replaced by another. Indeed, they have the potential to complement each other for a complete evaluation of the redox state of a given sample.
A Proposal and Simulation for Phase-locked THz-QCLs Array by Mutual Injection of the Optical Fields

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Medicinal value of edible mushrooms: A review

--- This evaluation confirmed the organic residences found in mushrooms were appreciably studied. Besides dietary residences, mushrooms have attracted marketplace interest due to the fact they may be a capacity supply of bioactive compounds capable of carry out numerous capabilities in organisms with blessings for purchaser fitness. Nowadays, mushrooms are famous precious ingredients due to the fact they may be low in calories, carbohydrates, fat, and sodium: also, they may be ldl cholesterol-free. Besides, mushrooms offer crucial nutrients, inclusive of selenium, potassium, riboflavin, niacin, diet D, proteins, and fiber. All collectively with a protracted records as meals supply, mushrooms are crucial for his or her recovery capacities and residences in conventional medicine. It has said useful results for fitness and remedy of a few diseases. Many nutraceutical residences are defined in mushrooms, consisting of prevention or remedy of Parkinson, Alzheimer, hypertension, and excessive threat of stroke. They also are applied to lessen the probability of most cancers invasion and metastasis because of antitumoral attributes. Mushrooms act as antibacterial, immune machine enhancer and ldl cholesterol decreasing agents; additionally, they may be crucial reassets of bioactive compounds. As a end result of those residences, a few mushroom extracts are used to sell human fitness and are discovered as nutritional supplements.
The effects of high oral magnesium supplementation on blood pressure, serum lipids and related variables in apparently healthy Japanese subjects

In a double-blind, placebo-controlled study, thirty-three subjects were allocated to undergo either a 4-week treatment with oral Mg supplementation (Mg(OH)2; 411-548 mg Mg/d) or a placebo. The urinary excretion of Mg increased significantly in both the first 2 weeks and the following 2 weeks of Mg supplementation, while the urinary Na excretion also increased significantly over the experimental period. The systolic and diastolic blood pressure values decreased significantly in the Mg group, but not in the placebo group. The urinary aldosterone excretion and packed cell volume increased significantly during the last 2 weeks of the experimental period compared with the run-in period and first 2 weeks of supplementation. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between the values for urinary noradrenaline excretion and diastolic blood pressure at the end of the supplementation period (both expressed as a percentage of the run-in value). Statistically significant increases in lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.43; LCAT), HDL-cholesterol and apolipoprotein A1 were also observed after Mg supplementation. A significant positive correlation was observed between the levels of LCAT and urinary Mg excretion for the experimental period (expressed as a percentage of the run-in value). The total cholesterol : HDL-cholesterol ratio decreased significantly during the last 2 weeks of Mg supplementation compared with the first 2 weeks and the run-in periods, but this did not occur in the placebo group. These results suggest that Mg supplementation may lower blood pressure through the suppression of the adrenergic activity and possible natriuresis, while also improving the serum lipids through the activation of LCAT in human subjects.
Boards and Innovation in non-profit organizations: A Sense-Making Reading

This sensemaking reading of research literature identifies and seeks insight from five concepts through which the role of non-profit boards in innovation may be theorised and enacted: efficiency external context internal context , board structure and board processes . These concepts emanate from making sense of fifty-one publications on non-profit organisations, boards, and innovation. The concepts are subsequently translated into reflexive questions, which may guide both practitioners and future participatory action research efforts, thus, adding to a field that appears to be dominated by non-action-based research and underdeveloped notions of innovation itself. In doing so, we move toward adopting a behavioural approach to board practices and we highlight the need for sharpened conceptualization of the very notion of innovation.
Reversal of Lipid Metabolism Dysregulation by Selenium and Folic Acid Co-Supplementation to Mitigate Pathology in Alzheimer’s Disease

Aberrant lipid metabolism is reported to be closely related to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Selenium (Se) and folate are two ideal and safe nutritional supplements, whose biological effects include regulating redox and homocysteine (Hcy) homeostasis in vivo. Here, to achieve effective multitarget therapy for AD, we combined Se and folic acid in a co-supplementation regimen (Se-FA) to study the therapeutic potential and exact mechanism in two transgenic mouse models of AD (APP/Tau/PSEN and APP/PS1). In addition to a reduction in Aβ generation and tau hyperphosphorylation, a restoration of synaptic plasticity and cognitive ability was observed in AD mice upon Se-FA administration. Importantly, by using untargeted metabolomics, we found that these improvements were dependent on the modulation of brain lipid metabolism, which may be associated with an antioxidant effect and the promotion of Hcy metabolism. Thus, from mechanism to effects, this study systematically investigated Se-FA as an intervention for AD, providing important mechanistic insights to inform its potential use in clinical trials.
Unleashing Process Mining for Education: Designing an IT-Tool for Students to Self-Monitor their Personal Learning Paths

The ability of students to self-monitor their learning paths is in demand as never before due to the recent rise of online education formats, which entails less interaction with lecturers. Recent advantages in educational process mining (EPM) offer new opportunities to monitor students’ learning paths by processing log data captured by technology-mediated learning environments. However, current literature falls short on providing user-centered design principles for IT-tools which can monitor learning paths using EPM. Hence, in this paper, we examine how to design a self-monitoring tool that supports students to evaluate their learning paths. Based on theoretical insights of 66 papers and nine user interviews, we propose seven design principles for an IT-tool which facilitates self-monitoring for students based on EPM. Further, we evaluate the design principles with seven potential users. Our results demonstrate a promising approach to help students improve their self-efficacy in their individual learning process using EPM.
Exploring the characteristics of a vehicle‐based temperature dataset for kilometre‐scale data assimilation

Crowdsourced vehicle‐based observations have the potential to improve forecast skill in convection‐permitting numerical weather prediction (NWP). The aim of this paper is to explore the characteristics of vehicle‐based observations of air temperature in the context of data assimilation. We describe a novel low‐precision vehicle‐based observation dataset obtained from a Met Office proof‐of‐concept trial. In this trial, observations of air temperature were obtained from built‐in vehicle air‐temperature sensors, broadcast to an application on the participant's smartphone, and uploaded, with relevant metadata, to the Met Office servers. We discuss the instrument and representation uncertainties associated with vehicle‐based observations and present a new quality‐control procedure. It is shown that, for some observations, location metadata may be inaccurate due to unsuitable smartphone application settings. The characteristics of the data that passed quality control are examined through comparison with United Kingdom variable‐resolution model data, roadside weather information station observations, and Met Office integrated data archive system observations. Our results show that the uncertainty associated with vehicle‐based observation‐minus‐model comparisons is likely to be weather‐dependent and possibly vehicle‐dependent. Despite the low precision of the data, vehicle‐based observations of air temperature could be a useful source of spatially‐dense and temporally‐frequent observations for NWP.
Genotype variation of citrus tristeza virus after passage on different hosts, and changes in the virus genotype populations by the vector Aphis gossypii

Phylogenetic analyses categorize seven genotypes of citrus tristeza virus (CTV). The symptoms caused by this pathogen, their expression and severity are influenced by CTV genotypes, host species, cultivars, and infected host rootstocks. This study aimed to verify how populations of Chilean CTV isolates changed following inoculation from infected sweet orange to Mexican lime trees, and to determine if CTV genotype populations influenced transmission efficiency via Aphis gossypii. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction showed variation in genotypes of populations of CTV in Mexican lime, after graft inoculations using infected sweet orange chip-buds. Severe genotypes (VT) were detected after inoculation of mild isolate CTV populations (T30). The T30 donor populations also reduced transmissibility via A. gossypii; however, these results may not be conclusive due to mixture with the VT genotype. There is evidence of high rates of virus acquisition by this aphid species, but also low transmission efficiency, which may partially explain the historical absence of tristeza epidemics in Chile.
Scale, Dynamics, and Constraints of Participatory Budgeting Cities

Participatory Budgeting (PB) is not Mittel für die Stadtwohner, but does not have direct access to them, as well as the Mittel's accessibility only, as well as any other postage. Specifically, it focuses on the scale, dynamics, and limitations of PB in all Polynesian cities with provincial capital status. First, literature on PB was synthesized. Second, documentary research has been mobilized to provide source material with empirically-based insights to promote understanding of PB practice in the chosen context. The results show great differences in financial terms, group and results of PB in Poland. There are no issues with Studying and Sachzwänge auf Entwicklung von PB can be found below: (1) Refer to the Rechtsgrundlage for PB in the Polish Rechtssystem; (2) Assessment of the transparency of the project selection process, including the lack of defining the assessment criteria object; and (3) too much influence from the authorities on the selection of the projects to be implemented. There are no more pictures of this book on the improvement of the functioning of the PB in Poland outlined.