Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
In Vitro Antidiabetic, Antioxidant, and Prebiotic Activities of the Chemical Compounds Isolated from Guizotia abyssinica

India and Ethiopia employ Guizotia abyssinica (niger plant) as a source of edible vegetable oil. Previous studies have documented the niger plant’s antioxidant properties and dietary benefits. Here, G. abyssinica extract was obtained and ten known bioactive components (1–10) were isolated. The antioxidant, antidiabetic, and prebiotic properties of whole extract and isolated components of niger and the plant’s ability to cooperate symbiotically with probiotic strains were examined. Compound 10, myricetin-3-O-L-rhamnoside, had the highest antioxidant capacity measured in the 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH, 4629.76 ± 6.02 µmol Trolox equivalent/g compound) and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP, 2667.62 ± 7.5 mol Trolox equivalent/g compound) assays. The lowest α-amylase and glycogen phosphorylase activities and glucose diffusion were obtained with whole G. abyssinica extracts, whereas compounds 8–10 had moderate inhibitory effects. G. abyssinica extract also induced the highest glucose absorption by yeast cells in the presence of 5 mM of glucose. Moreover, Lactobacillus plantarum and L. rhamnosus incubated with β-sitosterol 3-O-D-glucoside (compound 7) showed the highest prebiotic activity score. The levels of L-(+)-lactic acid isomer in the probiotic strains were the highest in presence of the whole extract and decreased progressively in the presence of flavonoid glycosides (compounds 8–10) and β-sitosterol 3-O-D-glucoside. The enzymatic profile of the probiotic strains was unaffected by the niger extract and compounds 7–10. The findings revealed that the biological activities of G. abyssinica extract are mediated by the compounds 1–10, and it may be considered as a promising plant for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.
Methacrylated Silk Fibroin Additive Manufacturing of Shape Memory Constructs with Possible Application in Bone Regeneration

Methacrylated silk (Sil-MA) is a chemically modified silk fibroin specifically designed to be crosslinkable under UV light, which makes this material applicable in additive manufacturing techniques and allows the prototyping and development of patient-specific 2D or 3D constructs. In this study, we produced a thin grid structure based on crosslinked Sil-MA that can be withdrawn and ejected and that can recover its shape after rehydration. A complete chemical and physical characterization of Sil-MA was first conducted. Additionally, we tested Sil-MA biocompatibility according to the International Standard Organization protocols (ISO 10993) ensuring the possibility of using it in future trials. Sil-MA was also tested to verify its ability to support osteogenesis. Overall, Sil-MA was shown to be biocompatible and osteoconductive. Finally, two different additive manufacturing technologies, a Digital Light Processing (DLP) UV projector and a pneumatic extrusion technique, were used to develop a Sil-MA grid construct. A proof-of-concept of its shape-memory property was provided. Together, our data support the hypothesis that Sil-MA grid constructs can be injectable and applicable in bone regeneration applications.
HUBUNGAN KEBIJAKAN LOKASI PRIORITAS INTERVENSI GIZI DAN PREVALENSI STUNTING DI INDONESIA

This study aims to compare the association of Indonesian’s government public health intervention in reducing the stunting prevalence. The intervention was started in 2018 in 100 districts and expanded in stages to cover 260 districts by 2020. This study adopts fixed effectmethod on regional-level 2018-2020 panel data on stunting prevalence, aggregate public health outcomes targeted under the intervention, and other regional characteristics. District’s stunting prevalence is used as a measure of the policy’s outcome while dummy of priority districts is used to measure priority effect from the interventions. The result indicates that both priority and non-priority districts experienced a declining stunting prevalence, but the reduction of prevalence in priority districts was 7.271% higher than the reduction that occurred in non-priority districts.
Goodness-of-fit tests for mixed model diagnostics

A simple goodness of fit test is proposed for checking distributional assumptions involved in a mixed linear model. An estimated critical value of the test statistic is derived, and is shown to be asymptotically correct under mild conditions. As a special case, the test may be applied to linear regression models to formally check distribution of the errors. Finite sample performance of the proposed test is examined and compared with that of a previously proposed test by simulations.
The Role of Oxidative Stress-Mediated Inflammation in the Development of T2DM-Induced Diabetic Nephropathy: Possible Preventive Action of Tannins and Other Oligomeric Polyphenols

Diabetic nephropathy is manifested in more than 10% of people with diabetes. It is a common cause of kidney failure and end-stage kidney disease. Understanding of mechanisms underlying the initiation and development of diabetes-induced kidney injuries will allow for the development of more effective methods of prevention and treatment of the disease. Diabetic nephropathy is a wide-ranging complication of diabetes, and it is necessary to discuss the “weight” of pro-inflammatory pathways and molecules in the progress of renal injuries during the development of the disease. A large spectrum of pro-inflammatory molecules and pathways participate in different stages of the pathophysiological progression of diabetic nephropathy, including pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, their receptors, adhesion molecules, and transcription factors. On the other hand, it is known that one of the consequences of hyperglycemia-induced ROS generation is the up-regulation of pro-inflammatory cascades, which, in turn, activate the transcription of genes encoding cytokines-chemokines, growth factors, and extracellular matrix proteins. It is a proven fact that a variety of plant secondary metabolites, such as tannins, flavonoids, and other polyphenols, demonstrate significant anti-diabetic, redox-modulating properties and effectively modulate the inflammatory response. Thus, this review is discussing the possible role of plant phenols in the prevention and treatment of diabetic nephropathy.
Internet of Medical Things: Forensics Investigation on Zebra Phones

The Internet of Things (IoT) encompasses many connected devices that have brought considerable improvements, entertainment, and convenience to everyday lives. From asking Alexa to say the weather, looking at the heart rate on the fitness tracker, reviewing home security cameras, or creating a grocery list on the fridge, IoT's have improved the efficiency of everyday lives. One emerging aspect of IoT is the Internet of Medical Devices (IoMT). Telehealth is one of the fastest-growing categories in health care world worldwide. As more people age in place, the adoption of IoMT devices can give a doctor a constant detail about her patients. Telehealth has been drastically improved by the integration of IoMT devices, which can report on oxygen levels, blood pressure, heart rate, blood sugar and more from the comfort of a patient's home. IoMT devices are not limited to home-care devices, rather hospital rooms rely on the sensors and devices to keep tabs on a patient during their stay in the hospital. In this research, we are analyzing a common IoMT communication device, a Zebra phone. The Zebra phone has a proprietary operating system that is not seen on other consumer phones. This research conducts forensic investigations on two Zebra phones to understand what vulnerabilities are introduced by the device, how they can be exploited, how they can be better protected, and how they can be investigated if compromised.
Differential Upregulation and Functional Activity of S1PR1 in Human Peripheral Blood Basophils of Atopic Patients

Basophils are key effector cells in atopic diseases, and the signaling sphingolipid Sphigosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is emerging as an important mediator in these conditions. The possible interaction of S1P and basophils and the resulting biological effects have not yet been studied. We hypothesize that S1P influences the function of basophils in atopy and aim to elucidate the modes of interaction. S1P receptor (S1PR) expression in human peripheral blood basophils from atopic and non-atopic patients was assessed through qRT-PCR and flow cytometry analysis. Functional effects of S1P were assessed through a basophil activation test (BAT), calcium flux, apoptosis, and chemotaxis assays. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to visualize intracellular S1P. Human basophils express S1PR1, S1PR2, S1PR3, and S1PR4 on the mRNA level. 0.1 µM S1P have anti-apoptotic, while 10 µM exhibits apoptotic effects on basophils. Basophils from atopic patients show less chemotactic activity in response to S1P than those from healthy donors. Protein expression of S1PR1 is downregulated in atopic patients, and basophils in lesional AD skin possess intracellular S1P. These findings suggest that the interaction of S1P and basophils might be an important factor in the pathophysiology of atopy.
Spatial Analysis of Tumor Heterogeneity Using Machine Learning Techniques

The treatment and study of cancer are in part hindered by cells and tissue of the same cancer type exhibiting differences from one another. This tumor heterogeneity is thus an important characteristic worth better understanding and analyzing. In the past, this analysis has been mostly carried out manually by clinicians and researchers. However, with advances in algorithms and computational resources, we can analyze tumor samples using statistical methods and machine learning techniques. Our work features an automated pipeline for analyzing the spatial gene expression of tumor tissue samples. For the task of segmenting tissue regions into tumor, non-tumor, and hepatocyte regions, our models (logistic regression, support vector machine, and random forest classifier) achieve over 90 percent accuracy on all tests. We find these results to be encouraging for future research in spatial analysis of tumor heterogeneity using similar methods.
Forecasting Inflation in Open Economies: What Can a NOEM Model DO? Supplementary Materials

This paper evaluates the forecasting ability when inflation is viewed as an inherently global phenomenon through the lens of the workhorse New Open Economy Macro (NOEM) model. The NOEM model emphasizes the importance of cross-country spillovers arising through trade and its reduced form solution can be represented by a finite-order VAR which provides a tractable model of inflation forecasting. We use Bayesian techniques to estimate this VAR specification—we name it NOEM-BVAR—and pseudo-out-of-sample forecasts to assess its forecasting performance at different horizons in a diverse set of 18 countries. On average, the NOEM-BVAR specification produces a similar or even lower root mean square prediction error (RMSPE) than its standard competitors, which include both purely statistical models and theoretically-based forecasting models (e.g
Inverse synchronization in semiconductor laser diodes

The study of nonlinear dynamical systems is a subject of much interest, one application being in secure communication systems realized through the synchronization of chaotic dynamical systems. In this paper optical coupling is used to effect synchronization between two diode lasers in a master-slave configuration, and we study the effect of frequency detuning between the master and slave lasers on the character of the observed synchronization. Experimental conditions are found under which the synchronization plot (formed by plotting the output power of the slave laser against that of the master at each instant in time) makes a transition from a positive gradient to a negative gradient. The appearance of such a negative gradient is a new phenomenon, to our knowledge, which we term ``inverse synchronization. '' A rate-equation model is proposed which accounts for light injection into the slave laser, and which agrees with the experimental results. Using this model, we etablish that inverse synchronization is caused by nonresonant coupling between the master and slave lasers.
Incarcerated Mothers’ Parenting Prospects and the Associated Relational Issues With Their Children and Children’s Caregivers in Japan

Abstract Reunification with children is expected to be an exciting prospect for incarcerated mothers, but reunification process is an immense challenge due to a wide range of relational issues with their children and children’s caregivers. This study aimed at identifying relational issues that may impede incarcerated mothers’ parenting prospects by analyzing data of the incarcerated mothers in Japan. The results found that majority of mothers (73.3%) had positive parenting prospects, while 26.7% of them had negative parenting prospects. Mothers with negative parenting prospects had less contacts during incarceration, less likely to perceive their relationships with the caregivers positively, their child was more likely to know of maternal incarceration and had fewer parenting-support resources available, especially from the family. Prison-based interventions that effectively address those relational issues are discussed, which considered to reduce potential barriers for future reunification.
EGFR inhibition in EGFR‐mutant lung cancer cells perturbs innate immune signaling pathways in the tumor microenvironment

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)‐tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) elicit potent cell cycle arrest in EGFR‐mutant non–small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. However, little is known about the mechanisms through which these drugs alter the tumor phenotype that contributes to the immune escape of EGFR‐mutant cells. Using EGFR‐mutant NSCLC cell lines and tissue samples from patients, we investigated the changes in immune checkpoints expressed in tumor cells following EGFR inhibition. Subsequently, we also analyzed the role of soluble factors from the dying tumor cells in the activation of immune signaling pathways involved in therapy resistance. Upon EGFR‐TKI treatment, we found that EGFR‐mutant cells upregulated the expression of innate immune checkpoint CD24 in vitro. We then analyzed biopsy samples from six patients who developed resistance to a first‐generation EGFR‐TKI without the acquired T790M mutation. Immunohistochemistry revealed that levels of tumor CD24 expression were increased upon treatment compared with those from pre‐treatment samples. Monocyte‐derived macrophages facilitated antibody‐dependent cellular phagocytosis when EGFR‐TKI‐treated EGFR‐mutant cells were incubated with anti‐CD24 antibodies in vitro, suggesting that CD24 may be a therapeutical target for EGFR‐mutant lung cancer. Moreover, EGFR inhibition accelerated the release of cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) from dying tumor cells, which activated the type I interferon signaling pathways in human THP‐1 monocytes in a stimulator of interferon genes‐dependent manner. Our study indicates that EGFR inhibition in EGFR‐mutant NSCLC cells fosters a tumor microenvironment associated with immune escape. Thus, CD24 targeted therapy and cfDNA monitoring may contribute to improved treatment outcomes in patients with EGFR‐mutant NSCLC.
Quantum walks, automata, and structured search

We explore the application of a quantum algorithm to optimisation problems over a structured space. For example, problems in automated planning can be represented as automata. These automata are shown to posses algebraic structure that can be exploited by a quantum period finding algorithm. The fact that the quantum walk also provides exponential speed-up over these same structures is of particular interest and results of our investigation will be presented.
Active flexure compensation software for the echellette spectrograph and imager on Keck II

All Cassegrain spectrographs suffer from gravitationally- induced flexure to some degree. While such flexure can be minimized via careful attention to mechanical design and fabrication, further performance improvements can be achieved if the spectrograph has been designed to minimize hysteresis and has active compensation for any residual flexure. The Echellette Spectrograph and Imager (ESI), built at UCO/Lick Observatory for use at Cassegrain focus on Keck II, compensates for such residual flexure via its collimator mirror. The collimator is driven by three actuators that provide control of collimator focus, tip, and tilt. The ESI control software utilizes a mathematical model of gravitationally-induced flexure to periodically compute and apply flexure corrections by commanding the corresponding tip and tilt motions to the collimator. In addition, the ESI control software provides an optional, manual, closed-loop method for adjusting the collimator position to compensate for any non-repeatable errors. Such errors may result from mechanical hysteresis or from thermally-induced structural deformations of the instrument and are thus not accounted for by the gravitational flexure model. This method relies on measuring the centroid position of fiducial spots within each echellete image. The collimator is adjusted so that the positions of these spots match those in a reference image. These spots are produced by a small round hole in the slit mask located near one end of the slit. We discuss the design and calibration of this flexure compensation system and report on its performance ont he telescope.
The development of a multifunction lens test instrument by using computer aided variable test patterns

A multi-function lens test instrument is report in this paper. This system can evaluate the image resolution, image quality, depth of field, image distortion and light intensity distribution of the tested lens by changing the tested patterns. This system consists of a tested lens, a CCD camera, a linear motorized stage, a system fixture, an observer LCD monitor, and a notebook for pattern providing. The LCD monitor displays a serious of specified tested patterns sent by the notebook. Then each displayed pattern goes through the tested lens and images in the CCD camera sensor. Consequently, the system can evaluate the performance of the tested lens by analyzing the image of CCD camera with special designed software. The major advantage of this system is that it can complete whole test quickly without interruption due to part replacement, because the tested patterns are statically displayed on monitor and controlled by the notebook.
High efficiency polarization-sensitive organic photovoltaic devices

We report the fabrication of polarization-sensitive photovoltaic devices made of heterojunction-type vacuum-sublimed multilayer films composed of aligned 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic-bis-benzimidazole (aligned PTCBI) and titanyl phthalocyanine (TiOPc). The PTCBI layer was made to be well aligned without losing high power conversion efficiency. The device configuration was ITO/In/aligned PTCBI/TiOPc/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)/Au, and the thickness of each layer was optimized for polarization-sensitive photodetection. The power conversion efficiencies under polarized white light parallel and perpendicular to the molecular orientation axis were 0.78% and 0.45%, respectively. When monochromatic polarized light at 540nm was used, the photocurrent ratio of the parallel to the perpendicular condition reached a maximum of 2.32.
Scattering from an object in a stratified medium

An expression is derived for the acoustic field scattered by a rigid sphere in an isovelocity fluid layer overlying a horizontally stratified medium. The result, valid when multiple scattering can be neglected, is expressed in terms of normal modes and plane‐wave scattering functions. It allows simple physical interpretation and straightforward numerical implementation. Sample numerical calculations are given for two cases typical of shallow‐water environments. Generalizations to a depth‐dependent sound velocity fluid layer and to nonrigid spheres are indicated. A second derivation is given for objects of nonspherical shape in a form similar to that of the rigid sphere. Hence, if the plane‐wave scattering functions for the object are known, the scattered field in a stratified medium can be calculated.
Automatic Classification of Web and IoT Privacy Policies

Privacy policies, despite the important information they provide about the collection and use of one's data, tend to be skipped over by most Internet users. In this paper, we seek to make privacy policies more accessible by automatically classifying text samples into web privacy categories. We use natural language processing techniques and multiple machine learning models to determine the effectiveness of each method in the classification method. We also explore the effectiveness of these methods to classify privacy policies of Internet of Things (IoT) devices.
Antimicrobial Capacity, Antioxidant and Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Extract from the Leaf of Erigeron floribundus

Fresh leaves of Erigeron floribundus were obtained, and its ethanolic extract was assessed for antimicrobial, antioxidant-free radical scavenging activity as well as phytochemical constituents. Hemolytic activities were also screened to know whether the extract will lyse the blood agar. Six pathogenic bacteria; the gram-positive, Bacillus cereus, Clostridium species, Staphylococcus aureus, and the gram-negative: Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli, were screened for susceptibilities to the antimicrobial activity of the leaf extract. Five fungi, Yeast, Penicillium sp, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, and Aspergillus fumigatus, were also screened for antifungal properties of the extract. The result indicated that the plant extract showed antimicrobial action but to a varying degree. The extract was screened for its antioxidant property and free radical scavenging capacity. The result indicated that it has high activity in reducing iron chloride solution and high activity in (DPPH) radicals scavenging test. The phytochemical screening of the extracts showed some bioactive ingredient of pharmacological importance like Tannin, Cardiaglycosides, and Saponin. Hemolytic assay of the extract showed that it could lyse blood cells.