Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Vegetable Juices on Properties of Two Resin Composites Used for Dental Caries Management

Background and Objectives: Resin composites represent a class of materials widely used in restorative dentistry due to patient demands for better aesthetics. Colour changes in composite resins can occur due to intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Beverages, such as vegetable juices, can be some of these extrinsic factors. The purpose of this study was to investigate the colour stability and modification of microhardness of two resin composites before and after immersion in different vegetable juices. Materials and Methods: The colour of two resin composite materials (Gradia Direct Anterior-shade A2 and Valux Plus—shade A2) was measured before and after immersion in four different solutions: distilled water (as control), beetroot, carrot, and tomato juice. Colour values (L *, a *, b *) were measured over a white background with a colorimeter, using the CIE L *a *b * system. Colour change values were calculated after 1, 3, 5, and 7 days of immersion. Microhardness measurements were taken before and after seven days immersion in test media. Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and independent t-tests were applied for statistical analysis. Results: All vegetable juices produced statistically different discolouration after immersion for 7 days (p < 0.05). Tomato juice produced the most discolouration for the Gradia Direct specimens, whereas beetroot juice and carrot juice produced the most discolouration for the Valux Plus specimens. Microhardness of the materials immersed for 7 days in vegetable juices was reduced compared to the ones immersed in distilled water. Conclusions: Vegetable juices, immersion time, and dental resin composites are significant factors that may affect colour stability and microhardness of composite resins.
The Exploitation of Microbial Antagonists against Postharvest Plant Pathogens

Postharvest disease management is vital to increase the quality and productivity of crops. As part of crop disease protection, people used different agrochemicals and agricultural practices to manage postharvest diseases. However, the widespread use of agrochemicals in pest and disease control has detrimental effects on consumer health, the environment, and fruit quality. To date, different approaches are being used to manage postharvest diseases. The use of microorganisms to control postharvest disease is becoming an eco-friendly and environmentally sounds approach. There are many known and reported biocontrol agents, including bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes. Nevertheless, despite the abundance of publications on biocontrol agents, the use of biocontrol in sustainable agriculture requires substantial research, effective adoption, and comprehension of the interactions between plants, pathogens, and the environment. To accomplish this, this review made an effort to locate and summarize earlier publications on the function of microbial biocontrol agents against postharvest crop diseases. Additionally, this review aims to investigate biocontrol mechanisms, their modes of operation, potential future applications for bioagents, as well as difficulties encountered during the commercialization process.
Does Tennis Training Improve Attention? New Approach

This study aimed to examine the effect of a tennis training program on improving attention. Methods: A total of 40 tennis players from a Tennis Club, 20 in the experimental group (EG) and 20 in the control group (CG), participated in the study. The EG athletes received 40 serve balls from the trainer twice a week for nine weeks. The researcher applied the “d2 attention test” to the EG and CG before and after the nine-week period. Results: After comparing the pretest and posttest attention averages of the experimental group, there was a significant difference in the TN, TN-E, and CP mean scores (p < 0.001). In the comparison of the pretest and posttest attention averages of the CG, there was no significant difference in the TN, TN-E, and CP mean scores (p > 0.05). The comparison of the pretest attention averages of the EG and CG revealed no significant difference in the TN, TN-E, and CP mean scores (p > 0.05). The comparison of the posttest attention averages of the EG and CG revealed a significant difference in the mean scores of TN, TN-E, and CP (p < 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference between the posttest–pretest differences in the TN, TN-E, and CP values of the EG and CG (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The study concluded that tennis training aimed at developing attention improved the results in the attention test.
The Robot-Guide for Indoor Navigation

Robotics, speech recognition and computer vision are relevant problems of computing, signal processing and analysis. Using algorithms for audio and visual information processing allows to control a real mechanism in order to create an autonomous robot-helper. The paper describes the working principles of hardware and software of the robot-guide, their interaction and the implementation of the robot-server interconnection through existing World Wide Web infrastructure. The authors used the Raspberry Pi as a robot control plate, the system of speech recognition module based on PocketSphinx library and the sensor RPLIDAR A1 as the navigation module for computer vision implementation.
Compact and sturdy orbital angular momentum sorter without destroying photon states

The orbital angular momentum (OAM) has been widely studied and applied to many scientific fields, especially in optical communication and quantum information. In order to give full play to the high-dimensional characteristics of OAM, separating different OAM states is a fundamental requirement. Here we find a way to introduce the mode dependent phase shift by using Porro prism, design and manufacture a new kind of two-output OAM sorter. Our OAM sorter can separate two OAM states with different topological charges without destroying them. Because it is composed of several linear commonly optical elements, which can be closely pasted together, our OAM sorter is very compact and sturdy. Furthermore, by means of cascading, our design can be used for constructing an OAM sorter with multiple output ports. Therefore, our research should have great potential application prospects, especially in the communication protocol based on OAM.
An Unusual Case of Thigh Swelling

Lymphangiomas are benign tumours, almost exclusively found in children. Primary work-up includes imaging. We report a case of lymphangioma in the leg in an adult patient, initially masked as a myxoma. Our patient underwent ultrasound, computerised tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging, which were suggestive of myxoma. Treatment for lymphangioma varies from sclerotherapy to definitive surgical management. In our case, surgical management was selected under consideration of myxoma; however, histopathology confirmed lymphangioma. Lymphangiomas in adult patients can be masked by other conditions and should be considered as a differential in lower leg swellings.
Pengembangan model markov tersembunyi pada identifikasi pembicara

Hidden Markov Model (HMM) is a composition of two stochastic processes, a hidden Markov chain, which accounts for temporal variability, and an observable process, which accounts for spectral variability. This model can be used as a pattern matching method in speaker identification systems. Each model represents the template for each speaker in speaker identification systems. In this research, Hidden Markov Model was built for six groups of frame segment of the speech signal. These 'groups was generated from combination of three frame wides (20 ms, 30 ms, and 40 ms) and two overlaps between frame (25% and 50%). Then, identification accuracy and process time can be observed for every group of frame segment. The experiments result of speaker identification give the largest identification accuracy of 98,9% which in a frame segment made by 40 ms and 25%.
Metal-Binding Proteins Cross-Linking with Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Cardiovascular Diseases

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER), an essential organelle in eukaryotic cells, is widely distributed in myocardial cells. The ER is where secreted protein synthesis, folding, post-translational modification, and transport are all carried out. It is also where calcium homeostasis, lipid synthesis, and other processes that are crucial for normal biological cell functioning are regulated. We are concerned that ER stress (ERS) is widespread in various damaged cells. To protect cells’ function, ERS reduces the accumulation of misfolded proteins by activating the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway in response to numerous stimulating factors, such as ischemia or hypoxia, metabolic disorders, and inflammation. If these stimulatory factors are not eliminated for a long time, resulting in the persistence of the UPR, it will aggravate cell damage through a series of mechanisms. In the cardiovascular system, it will cause related cardiovascular diseases and seriously endanger human health. Furthermore, there has been a growing number of studies on the antioxidative stress role of metal-binding proteins. We observed that a variety of metal-binding proteins can inhibit ERS and, hence, mitigate myocardial damage.
1/f^alfa Gürültülerin Frekans Ölçekleme ile Üretimi - Generation of 1/f^alpha Noise via Frequency Scaling

Bu makalede, gurultulerinin uretilmesi icin yenilikci bir yontem onerilmektedir. gurultulerinin uretilmesinin, frekans-olcekleme uzayindaki Dirac ozilintili bir rassal surecin ters donusumu uzerinden modellenebildigi gosterilmektedir. degiskeni 'ya genellestirilerek istenen icin gurultu sureclerinin olusturulmasi saglanmaktadir. Cesitli degerleri icin uretilen ornek sureclerin benzetim sonuclari verilmistir. Anahtar kelimeler: 1/f gurultusu, 1/f gurultu uretimi, olcekleme-ile-degismezlik, olcek donusumu Abstract In this paper a novel method for noise generation is proposed. Theoretical generation of noise is shown to be possible through the inverse transformation of a frequency scaling domain random process with Dirac delta autocorrelation. By substituting the variable with , generation of general noise is rendered possible. Finally, simulation results for different values are presented. Keywords: 1/f noise, 1/f noise generation, scale invariance, scale transform
Impacts of longitude location changes of East Asian westerly jet core on the precipitation distribution during meiyu period in middle-lower reaches of Yangtze River valley

The longitude location change characteristic of the East Asia Westerly Jet(EAWJ) core at the upper troposphere during meiyu period and its impacts on the spatial distribution of precipitation in the middle-lower reaches of the Yangtze River valley are investigated by using the 40 year's NCEP/NCAR reanalysis mean pentad data and observed daily precipitation data from 1958 to 1997.The results show that there are two areas,where the 200 hPa East Asia westerly jet center appears frequently during meiyu periods:one is located over the western Pacific and the other over the Asian continent.During the meiyu period,the intensity of the westerly jet over Asian continent weakens and the core of the westerly jet over western Pacific splits up and its intensity reduces,and disappears after the end of meiyu,which is the main characteristic of the longitude location change of the 200 hPa westerly jet over East Asian.The change in the location and intensity of the westerly jet is not only associated with the start and end of meiyu period,but also with the spatial distribution and intensity of precipitation in the middle-lower reaches of the Yangtze River valley.The further analysis suggests that when the westerly jet core at upper troposphere is located over the western Pacific,and coupled with an 850 hPa southwesterly jet,the heavy precipitation occurs in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River valley,where the convergence is strong and the water vapor supply sufficient.While the 200 hPa westerly jet core is located over the East Asian continent,and not coupled with an 850 hPa southwesterly jet,only the weaker precipitation occurs in the middle and lower reaches.Therefore,the longitude location changes of the East Asian westerly jet core play important roles in determining the upper-low level circulation structure and the spatial distribution of heavy precipitation in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River valley during the meiyu period.
Implementation of the integral equation model for rough surfaces with generic isotropic autocorrelation functions

An implementation of the integral equation model applicable to rough isotropic surfaces is presented which makes use of Fourier transform numerical methods to compute the surface spectrum. Different approaches for performing the calculations are compared in terms of computational accuracy and efficiency. Optimum values for window size and sampling step are reviewed and illustrated in practical cases depending on the surface autocorrelation function and the operating frequency.
Measuring ground reaction forces of quadruped robot

the control of quadruped robot needs the measuring of the ground force reaction for better interaction with the environment. In this paper, we consider the two orthogonal components ground reaction forces of quadruped robot. The proposed system consists of two parallelepipeds elastic elements and strain gauges; the acquisition system is based on high precision analog digital converter (ADC). The Wheatstone full bridge is used for the temperature compensation. The obtained results show that the proposed system has a high sensitivity which can reach 0.0002 N/g; the repetition error can reach 0.1%.
Notch and Wnt Signaling Modulation to Enhance DPSC Stemness and Therapeutic Potential

The Dental Pulp of permanent human teeth is home to stem cells with remarkable multilineage differentiation ability: human Dental Pulp Stem Cells (DPSCs). These cells display a very notorious expression of pluripotency core factors, and the ability to give rise to mature cell lineages belonging to the three embryonic layers. For these reasons, several researchers in the field have long considered human DPSCs as pluripotent-like cells. Notably, some signaling pathways such as Notch and Wnt contribute to maintaining the stemness of these cells through a complex network involving metabolic and epigenetic regulatory mechanisms. The use of recombinant proteins and selective pharmacological modulators of Notch and Wnt pathways, together with serum-free media and appropriate scaffolds that allow the maintenance of the non-differentiated state of hDPSC cultures could be an interesting approach to optimize the potency of these stem cells, without a need for genetic modification. In this review, we describe and integrate findings that shed light on the mechanisms responsible for stemness maintenance of hDPSCs, and how these are regulated by Notch/Wnt activation, drawing some interesting parallelisms with pluripotent stem cells. We summarize previous work on the stem cell field that includes interactions between epigenetics, metabolic regulations, and pluripotency core factor expression in hDPSCs and other stem cell types.
Inter-Organizational Collaboration in Interconnected Infrastructure Projects

This study aims to identify which factors affect inter-organizational collaboration (IOC) in interconnected infrastructure projects to enable practitioners to establish a collaborative environment at the project level. This specific form of inter-organizational collaboration (IOC) is characterized as “horizontal” and has received limited attention in the literature. To this end, a systematic literature review and Q-methodology were conducted. The Q-methodology involves practitioners from various infrastructure organizations in the Netherlands gaining insights into their perspectives on IOC in interconnected infrastructure projects. The study identifies two perspectives: a “holistic, goal-oriented” perspective that recognizes various dimensions of IOC and a more “people-oriented” perspective that emphasizes the value of individual factors for IOC. The findings suggest that multiple perspectives on collaboration exist among practitioners, potentially affecting collaboration in interconnected infrastructure projects. Awareness of the need to manage practitioners’ perspectives, and addressing and discussing these differences, can stimulate inter-organizational collaboration and contribute to improved project performance.
Study on the Classification of A Kind of Fuzzy Clustering Algorithm

Fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm is one of the most widely used algorithms in pattern recognition. However, FCM algorithm has a lot of drawbacks. Among these drawbacks, being sensitive to the noise is the most outstanding. In order to overcome this drawback, Lee proposed a modified FCM algorithm-Lee's algorithm. In this paper we will prove that Lee's model isn't a kind of FCM (algorithm,) but a special case of PCM which was proposed by Krishnapuram Keller in 1993. Moreover, the numerical experiments demonstrate our conclusion.
Data-Driven Iterative optimization of TDOF Controller with Rational Model

For precise control, it can be achieved through a feedforward controller with a feedback control scheme. The feedforward controller can be automatically tuned with the datadriven methods through experimental results. However, these data-driven methods are interrupted when the input disturbance is applied. This problem can be solved using Disturbance Observer (DOB) in the control loop. In addition, a data-driven method derives accurate control performance by simultaneously tuning the feedforward controller and DOB model. Furthermore, a tuning algorithm with a rational model is proposed for the corresponding modeling to a flexible system. The simulation results verify that the proposed method accurately tunes the controller for an unknown plant under an input disturbance.
A Dynamic Pruning Method on Multiple Sparse Structures in Deep Neural Networks

It is well known that significant computational power and a large amount of memory are required for deep neural networks, which makes them difficult to apply in resource-limited environments. So, many network compression and acceleration technologies have emerged, of which connection pruning is widely applied due to its effectiveness and convenience. A novel connection pruning method for full model capacity on multiple sparse structures is proposed in this paper. We design a simple and efficient function called Dynamic Processing Unit (DPU) for handling the evaluated weights. Our method has the following features: 1) Instead of being pruned directly or set to 0, the weights are controlled by the DPU to determine whether they will be used during subsequent forward passes of the network during the iteration of pruning training. 2) It supports the traditional multi-steps prune method as well as the end-to-end training mode that can get a compressed network in a single stage by fusing training and pruning. 3) It can learn multiple useful sparse structures, including, but not limited to, depth-wise, filter-wise, channel-wise, 2D-filter-wise, row-wise, column-wise, connection-wise and mixed sparse structures. Our method is tested on various widely-used datasets and models, such as the LeNet and the ResNet on MNIST and CIFAR-10. Importantly, it demonstrates good performance in all these cases. Some details about our method can be found at the following URL: https://github.com/hujie369/DPU
Altered Brain Expression of DNA Methylation and Hydroxymethylation Epigenetic Enzymes in a Rat Model of Neuropathic Pain

The role of epigenetics in chronic pain at the supraspinal level is yet to be fully characterized. DNA histone methylation is crucially regulated by de novo methyltransferases (DNMT1-3) and ten-eleven translocation dioxygenases (TET1-3). Evidence has shown that methylation markers are altered in different CNS regions related to nociception, namely the dorsal root ganglia, the spinal cord, and different brain areas. Decreased global methylation was found in the DRG, the prefrontal cortex, and the amygdala, which was associated with decreased DNMT1/3a expression. In contrast, increased methylation levels and mRNA levels of TET1 and TET3 were linked to augmented pain hypersensitivity and allodynia in inflammatory and neuropathic pain models. Since epigenetic mechanisms may be responsible for the regulation and coordination of various transcriptional modifications described in chronic pain states, with this study, we aimed to evaluate the functional role of TET1-3 and DNMT1/3a genes in neuropathic pain in several brain areas. In a spared nerve injury rat model of neuropathic pain, 21 days after surgery, we found increased TET1 expression in the medial prefrontal cortex and decreased expression in the caudate-putamen and the amygdala; TET2 was upregulated in the medial thalamus; TET3 mRNA levels were reduced in the medial prefrontal cortex and the caudate-putamen; and DNMT1 was downregulated in the caudate-putamen and the medial thalamus. No statistically significant changes in expression were observed with DNMT3a. Our results suggest a complex functional role for these genes in different brain areas in the context of neuropathic pain. The notion of DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation being cell-type specific and not tissue specific, as well as the possibility of chronologically differential gene expression after the establishment of neuropathic or inflammatory pain models, ought to be addressed in future studies.
The Contribution of Radiative Cooling to the Formation of Cold-Core Anticyclones

Abstract Cold-core anticyclones are a dominant feature of the circulation in the high latitudes during the cold half of the year. This paper focuses on how the radiative cooling associated with the formation of continental polar air masses contributes to the anticyclogenesis. The processes occurring in cold-core anticyclones are investigated with a nonlinear axisymmetric numerical model. The model experiments employ three different types of radiative cooling parameterization: 1) externally specified radiative cooling rates; 2) internally determined radiative cooling rates with all condensed water assumed to fall out immediately, not affecting the radiative transfer (after Wexler); and 3) fully interactive calculation, whereby the radiative effects of the condensate that forms in the cooling air are included (Curry). The following physical processes are considered in the fully interactive calculation: 1) condensation of water vapor and freezing of liquid water; 2) radiative transfer from water vapor, CO2, .
THE BOCHNER INTEGRAL AND AN APPLICATION TO SINGULAR INTEGRALS

In this expository thesis we describe the Bochner integral for functions taking values in a separable Banach space, and we describe how a number of standard definitions and results in real analysis can be extended for these functions, with an emphasis on Hilbert-space-valued functions. We then present a partial vector-valued version of a classical theorem on singular integrals.