Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dynamic age-associated changes and their driver microbes in healthy gut microbiota of captive crab-eating macaques

Background: Previous population studies have indicated age-associated changes in the gut microbiota. However, the actual age effects on microbiota are inevitably confounded by varying environmental factors such as diets and antibiotic use in the populations. Captive crab-eating macaques reared in a well-controlled environment can provide a useful model to recapitulate dynamic age-associated changes in the healthy primate gut microbiota.Results: We show evidence supporting lifelong age-associated changes in the healthy gut microbiota of captive macaques. The Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio and beta diversity but not alpha diversity changed significantly with age. The most significantly age-associated genera were mainly composed of commensals, such as Faecalibacterium . Unexpectedly, a subset of the age-associated microbes were suspicious pathogens such as Helicobacter and Campylobacter , which were enriched in infant macaques, and possibly associated with gut mucosa development. These age-associated microbes were main contributors to the gut microbiota networks. Importantly, topology analysis showed that connectivity of these networks changed with age, and its rapid decrease in elderly macaques might indicate altered microbial interactions associated with host aging. Prevotella 9 , one of the most abundant age-associated genera, was the driver responsible for the gut microbiota maturation from infants to young adults. In adults, Rikenellaceae RC9 gut group and Megasphaera were two key drivers that continuously played an active role in driving microbial community changes of across different stages of adulthood. We also showed evidence of age-associated changes in gut microbial phenotypes and functions, in particular pathways of immunomodulatory metabolite synthesis, and metabolism of lipids and carbohydrates. The driver microbes were key players involved in these functions.Conclusions: Our current study in captive macaques demonstrate evident age-associated changes during the lifelong process of healthy gut microbiota development. The enrichment of suspicious pathogens in healthy infant macaques might indicate the importance of appropriate exposure to these microbes for the developing immune system. The current study provides new insights into the pivotal role of driver microbes and microbial interactions in gut microbiota, and further underlines the importance of network analysis in microbiome studies. Our findings also provide a baseline for better understanding of disease-related changes in the primate gut microbiota.
Studying Multi-Frequency Multilayer Brain Network via Deep Learning for EEG-Based Epilepsy Detection

Epilepsy makes the patients suffer great pain and has a very bad impact on daily life. In this paper, a novel method is proposed to implement electroencephalogram (EEG)-based epilepsy detection, in which multi-frequency multilayer brain network and deep learning are jointly utilized. Firstly, based on the multi-frequency characteristics of brain, we construct a multilayer brain network from the multi-channel EEG signals. The time, frequency and channel-related information from EEG signals are all mapped into the multilayer network topology, making it an effective feature for epilepsy detection. Subsequently, with multilayer brain network as input, a multilayer deep convolutional neural network (MDCNN) model is designed. MDCNN model has two blocks and uses a parallel multi-branch design in the first block, which exactly matches the multilayer structure of the proposed brain network. The experimental results on publicly available CHB-MIT datasets show that the proposed method can accurately detect epilepsy, with a high average accuracy of 99.56%, sensitivity of 99.29%, and specificity of 99.84%. All these provide an efficient solution for characterizing the complex brain states using multi-channel EEG signals.
Employment Impact of Inner-city Development Projects: The Case of Underground Atlanta

This paper makes use of a unique data set to explore the issue of whether inner-city residents are more likely to be hired by a new inner-city development than non-residents. A selection model with partial observability is specified and estimated. This partial observability model allows us to control for self-selection at the application stage and to obtain unconditional estimates at the hiring stage. We determine, holding individual and neighbourhood characteristics constant, that while inner-city residents are less likely to be considered 'hireable', their greater propensity to apply for jobs at this development means that they were at least as likely as non-residents to both apply and be hired. We also tentatively conclude that distance between an applicant's residence and the location of the development does not appear to have been an issue in the application decision.
Economics and Marketing of Aromatic Rice - A Case Study of Chhattisgarh

In recent years there has been a serious concern among the farmers, scientists, policymakers and environmentalists regarding the continuous erosion of genetic biodiversity of rice cultivars in Chhattisgarh which has traditionally been known as bowl of scented rices in central India. In view of India’s potential competitiveness in aromatic rices in the international market, it is imperative to understand the dynamics of domestic trade in aromatic rice. In this study, marketing and price-spread patterns of aromatic rice in the state of Chhattisgarh have been examined. A few policy interventions have been suggested for promoting aromatic rices in the state.
We Sell Our Time No More: Workers' Struggles Against Lean Production in the British Car Industry

This is the story of struggles against management regimes in the car industry in Britain from the period after the Second World War until the contemporary regime of lean production. Told from the viewpoint of the workers, the book chronicles how workers responded to a variety of management and union strategies, from piece rate working, through measured day work, and eventually to lean production beginning in the late 1980s. The book focuses on two companies, Vauxhall-GM and Rover/BMW, and how they developed their approaches to managing labour relations. Worker responses to these are intimately tied to changing patterns of exploitation in the industry. The book highlights the relative success of various forms of struggle to establish safer and more humane working environments. The contributors bring together original research gathered over two decades, plus exclusive surveys of workers in four automotive final assembly plants over a ten year period.
A high-efficiency, high power generation system for automobiles

The paper presents a new scheme for the efficient generation of electric power, demanded for future automobiles. The new system, consists of a permanent magnet (PM) alternator having high energy MAGNEQUENCH (MQ) magnets, a split winding and a novel electronic voltage regulation scheme. A proof of concept system, capable of providing 100/250 A (idle/cruising) at 14 V, has been built and tested in the laboratory with encouraging results. This high output is provided at 15-20 percentage points higher efficiencies than conventional automotive alternators, which translates into considerable fuel economy savings. The system is 8 dB quieter and has a rotor inertia of only 2/3 that of an equivalent production alternator, thus allowing for a belt drive without excessive slippage.
Design of GNRFET using different doping profiles near the source and drain contacts

The graphene nanoribbon field effect transistors (GNRFET) suffer from band-to-band tunnelling (BTBT), which in turn causes ambipolar conduction. In this simulation study, we propose a step–linear doping profile for the graphene nanoribbon near the source and drain contacts. This type of doping profile suppresses the BTBT and ambipolar conduction of the transistor. The proposed step–linear dopant distribution efficiently modulates the potential barrier at the source–channel interface, increases the width of the tunnelling region, and thus reduces the OFF-state current by decreasing the possibility of BTBT. A pz orbital band model with the nearest neighbour is used to simulate the graphene nanoribbon. The Schrödinger equation is solved by non-equilibrium Green's function method to achieve the charge density. In order to calculate the electrostatic potential, the Poisson's equation is solved by means of the non-linear finite difference method. We have used the uncoupled mode space approach significantly to reduce the computational time. It is shown that the proposed doping profile improves the performance of graphene nanoribbon transistor by decreasing the OFF-state current and increasing the ON-state current. We have also observed a slight improvement in the subthreshold slope of the proposed GNRFET. The proposed GNRFET is more suitable than the conventional GNRFETs for switching applications.
Actively compensated planar ring resonator structures suitable for bandstop and bandpass filters

In this paper the design of bandstop and bandpass filters is studied by means of algebraic manipulations using theory of recursive filters. The objective of these analytical investigations on recursive type functions is to find novel topologies suitable for frequency tuneable bandstop or bandpass responses using only coupled planar ring resonators and amplifiers. We show how the noise factor of this category of filters can be analytically derived and effectively minimized by using appropriate unbalanced power couplers and amplifiers. We validate our approach with simulated examples for each topology.
The Effect of Health Information Technology on Time and Cost Saving in Remote areas of Iran

The present study aims at investigating the effect of health information technology on time and cost saving in the perspective of users of teaching hospitals in in remote areas of Iran. This is an applied study with a descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional method conducted on users of hospitals in remote areas of Iran using stratified random sampling. Data collection instrument was a self-made questionnaire, the face validity and reliability of which were confirmed by Cronbach’s alpha 0.94. Data were collected in person and analyzed by SPSS software V. 21 and descriptive and analytical statistics. Based on the Chi-square test results, there was a significant relationship between the effects of health information technology on time saving as well as cost saving. The results of Kruskal-Wallis test showed no significant relationship between education level, age and work experience and time and cost saving as well. User satisfaction is one of the most important aspects of the success of information systems, therefore, it is recommended that senior managers pay attention to the individual aspects of the employees working in the organization, provide them with necessary training before implementing the information systems, and involve them in the decisions in using such technologies.
Physical-Layer Attacks in Transparent Optical Networks

High data rates employed in transparent optical networks, inherited vulnerabilities of network components as well as the transparency property itself make such networks vulnerable to deliberate attacks aimed at deteriorating the quality of service. This chapter presents experimental evaluation of network device vulnerability to several known types of such attacks and gives an overview of different network security approaches against attacks.
Optimization of mask absorber stacks and illumination settings for contact hole imaging

This paper reports on the mutual optimization of the mask geometry, mask absorber stack, and illumination settings for arrays of non-quadratic contact holes with different pitches. In contrast to previous work in this field, mask topography effects are fully taken into account. The proposed procedure is enabled by significant performance improvements implemented in the rigorous Waveguide EMF solver and by the application of global optimization techniques. In order to allow for a flexible and efficient interaction, all models and algorithms have been integrated into the Fraunhofer IISB development and research lithography simulation environment Dr.LiTHO. To demonstrate the flexibility of our optimization approaches, we have optimized the imaging of dense and semi-dense arrays of 65nm×90nm contact holes with a 1.35NA water immersion ArF scanner. The process performance is evaluated in terms of overlapping process windows of all relevant feature sizes.
SIMPLE: a prototype software fault-injection tool

Abstract : Fault-injection techniques can be used to methodically assess the degree of fault tolerance afforded by a system. In this thesis, we introduce a Java-based, semi-automatic fault-injection test harness, called Software Fault Injection Mechanized Prototype Lightweight Engine (SIMPLE). SIMPLE employs a state-based fault injection approach designed to validate test suites. It also can assist developers to assess the properties of a system such as robustness, reliability, and performance. SIMPLE employs fault acceleration to test a system's fault- tolerant capabilities. We present an object-oriented analysis of the system and several case studies, using software fault injection on specific, targeted systems, to assess SIMPLE's effectiveness.
Proximity and Force Characteristics of CMC Touch Sensor with Square/Dome-shaped Sensor Elements

A tactile sensor called Carbon Micro Coil (CMC) touch sensor was developed by CMC Technology Development Co., Ltd. The sensor's elements used in the experiments of this paper are made of silicon rubber containing CMCs several micrometers in diameter. One of the elements is molded into a square 30 mm on a side and 3 mm thick; the other is a dome 16 mm in diameter and 2 mm height. CMCs in the sensor element contribute to the electrical conductivity and the sensor element is considered to constitute an LCR circuit. When an object approaches to the sensor element or the sensor element is deformed mechanically, the impedance changes, and the CMC sensor detects the impedance changes by measuring the modulation of amplitude and phase of an input excitation signal to the sensor element. The CMC sensor also creates voltage signals of the R- and LC-components separately according to the amplitude and phase modulation. In this paper, the characteristics of the CMC sensor with respect to its proximity and force senses are investigated. First, the output of the CMC sensor with the square-shaped sensor element is measured when an object approaches to the sensor element. Next, the output of the CMC sensor with the dome-shaped sensor element is measured when fine deformations of 1 to 5 μm are applied to the sensor element under variable compression force. The results suggest that the CMC sensor can measure the force variance applied to the sensor element as well as the distance between the sensor element and an object.
Processing thick multilevel polyimide films for 3-D stacked memory

This paper discusses thick polyimide film processing for a three-dimensional (3-D) semiconductor chip-stacking application. The formation of a complex, multilevel via structure is demonstrated. The issues that arise in forming these vias relate to apply, develop, profile modification, and integration. Apply issues include "outgassing" defects, edge-bead effects, as well as the planarity and leveling of both resist and polyimide over deep-via structures. Develop issues pertain to the implementation of a thick resist process that increases the structural integrity of the resist and controls its breakage, and to a vacuum bake before applying resist, which reduces solvent absorption into the resist. Profile modification issues include rounding via edges while minimizing bulk polyimide loss and maintaining image-size control. Developer attack of the metal pads during wet processing is discussed and a solution is proposed. Finally, additional process-integration issues relating to polyimide-to-metal adhesion and composite stress levels of the multilayer thick films are presented.
Computational Approach in Sizing of Pulsejet Engine

Research in pulsejet has intensified recently due to its design simplicity that can be developed into efficient small scale propulsive units for new applications such as UAVs and Unmanned Combat Vehicles (UCAV). A major obstacle for its development is low efficiency of the engine. The objective of this research is to investigate the possibility of using pulsejet in certain applications where the pulsejet can trade its low efficiency with low cost, simple design, and light weight. Numerical analysis is used for analysing the pulsejet engine design. The main results drawn from this research is in increasing efficiency and improving performance of engine by improving size of engine, especially diameter of combustion chamber. The computed results show good resemblance with published data.
An Analysis of Wind Resources and the Feasibility of Wind-Energy Generation on the Connecticut College Campus

4 Introduction . 5 Background: The GEC Study . 6 The Current Study: Detailed Hypotheses . 9 Wind-Analysis Methodology . 15 Data Collection . 15 Mast Locations . 16 Mast Setup and Instrumentation . 21 Data Assessment . 22 Quality-Control Screening . 22 Assessing for Long-Term Representativeness . 23 Calculating Derived Values . 27 Extrapolating Wind Speed at Hub Height . 27 Expressing Mean Wind Speed . 33 Determining the Wind-Speed Frequency Distribution . 34 Calculating the Air Density . 39 Determining the Wind’s Power and Energy Densities . 40 Estimating Wind Turbine Annual Energy Output . 42 Assessing the Turbulence Area and Intensity . 43 Presenting the Wind Direction Data . 45 Uncertainty Analysis . 46
Extracting Social Web from Moving Object Trajectories

The advent of a lot of mobile social networking applications on the smart phones has greatly changed the way how people interact with each other. The core function requiring by these applications is the location-based service providing by the sensors inside the phones. Accumulating rich location sequences, the phone actually can tell more than merely the location information. In this paper, we try to discover the beneath social web from these location information. In other words, we propose a novel trajectory mining approach to dig the social web from collections of such location information. Such approach permits to perform relationship mining from trajectory-generated content. Given a temporal threshold and a spatial threshold, our approach carries out trajectory based mining to identify who are in closer relationship with the querying moving object. The comprehensive evaluation of the approach has demonstrated very promising results and is also analyzed in this paper.
An Optimization Model for Single-Warehouse Multi-Agents Distribution Network Problems under Varying of Transportation Facilities: A Case Study

The transportation cost of goods is the highest day-to-day operational cost associated with the food industry sector. A company may be able to reduce logistics cost and simultaneously improve service level by optimizing of distribution network. In reality, a company faces problems considering capacitated transportation facilities and time constraint of delivery. In this paper, we develop a new model of order fulfillment physical distribution to minimize transportation cost under limited of transportation facilities. The first step is defined problem description. After that, we formulate a integer linear programming model for the single-warehouse, multiple-agents considering varying of transportation facilities in multi-period shipment planning. We analyze problems faced by company when should decide policy of distribution due to varying of transportation facilities in volume, type of vehicle, delivery cost, lead time and ownership of facilities. We assumed transportation costs are modeled with a linear term in the objective function. Then, we solve the model with Microsoft Excel Solver 8.0 Version. Finally, we analyze the results with considering amount of transportation facilities, volume usage and total transportation cost. Keywords: physical distribution, shipment planning, integer linear programming, transportation cost, transportation facilities.
ONCOLYTIC VIROTHERAPY IN GLIOBLASTOMA TREATMENT: PROGRESS AND CHALLENGES IN CLINICAL RESEARCH (LITERATURE REVIEW)

Glial tumors comprise about 60 % of primary malignant brain tumors, and 70 % of them show morphological signs of high-grade cancer (High Grade Gliomas III , IV WHO 2016) [1, 2]. Despite a significant technical pre- and intraoperative progress as well as advances in radiotherapy and chemotherapy, the overall median survival is very low, being less than 20 months [3] and less than 12 months in patients with relapse [4]. Recent studies have shown that chemo- and radioresistance is due to the existence of cancer stem cells [5, 6]. Poor treatment outcomes require the development and implementation of new approaches to the treatment of highgrade gliomas. In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the development of immunotherapeutic treatment approaches, including the development of oncolytic virotherapy. Tropism to target cancer cells, as well as various viral vectors, has been developed using methods of genetic engineering; synergism of viruses and adjuvant therapy has been studied. Despite extensive experimental studies of the mechanism of oncolysis [1], there are only a few reports on Phase I–II clinical trials. This review considers the most successful applications of oncolytic viruses in relation to glioblastoma in animal models and their translation into clinical practice in patients.
Cr(III) and Ni(II) Complexes of Isatin-hydrazone Ligand: Preparation, Characterization, Dft Studies, Biological Activity, and Ion-Flotation Separation of Ni(II)

In the current work, a ligand N'1-((E)-2-hydroxy-3H-indol-3-ylidene)-N'3-((E)-2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)malonohydrazide (H4MDI) and its Cr(III) and Ni(II) complexes have been synthesized and characterized by various conventional methods. For evaluating the optimal ligand structure and its complexes, calculations of DFT were applied. Magnetic measurements inherent to their electronic spectra show that both Cr(III) and Ni(II) chelates have octahedron coordination frameworks. On the other hand, the IR spectral data revealed that the ligand behaves as a binegtive hexadentate in [Cr2(H2MDI)(H2O)2Cl4] and as a tetranegative hexadentate in [Ni2(MDI)(H2O)6]. 4H2O. In addition, the behavior of thermal decomposition for prepared complexes was discussed. Two comparable methods (Coats-Redfern and Horowitz-Metzger) were used to calculate the kinetic parameters of the resulted thermal decomposition stages. Furthermore, the ion-flotation process was used for the separation of Ni(II) from aqueous media via the prepared ligand as a chelating agent and oleic acid as a surfactant. Moreover, the antimicrobial behavior of the synthesized moieties was investigated against various bacterial and fungal strains. H4MDI has the most activity with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.78 µg/mL for both E. coli, and C. Albicans, while Ni(II) complex shows the activity against S. aureus, E. coli, and C. Albicans with MIC of 2.34, 4.68, and 1.17 µg/mL, respectively. Finally, the in-vitro cytotoxic activity of the prepared compounds against hepatocellular carcinoma human tumor cells (HePG-2) has been examined, and revealed that H4MDI and its Ni(II) complex show very strong activity against HePG-2 with IC50 of 9.7 and 7.7 µmol/L, respectively.