Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
NEXT GENERATION OF TELESCOPES OR DYNAMICS REQUIRED TO DETERMINE IF EXO-MOONS HAVE PROGRADE OR RETROGRADE ORBITS

We survey the methods proposed in the literature for detecting moons of extrasolar planets in terms of their ability to distinguish between prograde and retrograde moon orbits, an important tracer of the moon formation channel. We find that most moon detection methods, in particular, sensitive methods for detecting moons of transiting planets, cannot observationally distinguishing prograde and retrograde moon orbits. The prograde and retrograde cases can only be distinguished where the dynamical evolution of the orbit due to, e.g., three body effects is detectable, where one of the two cases is dynamically unstable, or where new observational facilities, which can implement a technique capable of differentiating the two cases, come online. In particular, directly imaged planets are promising targets because repeated spectral and photometric measurements, which are required to determine moon orbit direction, could also be conducted with the primary interest of characterizing the planet itself.
The Semantic Shift Benchmark

Most benchmarks for detecting semantic distribution shift do not consider how the semantics of the training set are defined. In other words, it is often unclear whether the ‘unseen’ images contain semantically different objects from the same distribution (e.g ‘birds’ for a model trained on ‘cats’ and ‘dogs’) or to a different distribution entirely (e.g Gaussian noise for a model trained on ‘cats’ and ‘dogs’). In this work, we propose ‘open-set’ class splits for models trained on ImageNet-1K which come from ImageNet-21K. Critically, we structure the open-set classes based on semantic similarity to the closed-set using the WordNet hierarchy — we create ‘Easy’ and ‘Hard’ open-set splits to allow more principled analysis of the semantic shift phenomenon. Together with similar challenges based on FGVC datasets, these evaluations comprise the ‘Semantic Shift Benchmark’.
Prevention of Loperamide-Induced Constipation in Mice and Alteration of 5-Hydroxytryotamine Signaling by Ligilactobacillus salivarius Li01

Although Ligilactobacillus salivarius Li01 (Li01) has shown much promise in preventing multiple gastrointestinal diseases, the potential of the probiotic in alleviating constipation and the related mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, the effects of Li01 were evaluated in a loperamide-induced constipation mouse model. The results demonstrated that Li01 intervention can relieve constipation symptoms by improving water content, quantity, and morphology of feces and act as an intestinal barrier structure protector. Furthermore, Li01 can modulate gut motility (gastrointestinal transit rate), the fluid transit-associated expression of aquaporins, and the serum parameters vasoactive intestinal peptide, substance P, and somatostatin. Constipation significantly increased the levels of 5-hydroxytryotamine (5-HT) in serum (p < 0.01) and decreased the levels in the intestine (p < 0.001). Due to its function of elevating the expression of tryptophan hydroxylase 1, this was reversed after Li01 treatment. Li01 also promoted the expression of 5-HT receptor 3 and 4, indicating that the 5-HT signaling pathway may play a critical role in the mechanism by which Li01 alleviate constipation symptoms. Additionally, Li01 significantly altered the gut microbiota composition by enhancing the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes and increasing the abundance of Rikenellaceae_RC9 genera. Based on the above results, Li01 may have the potential to effectively alleviate constipation by regulating the 5-HT pathway and alteration of the gut microbiota.
Chronic Ca 2 + imaging of cortical neurons with long-term expression of GCaMP-X 1 2 3 by 4 5

13 Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and 14 Medical Engineering, School of Engineering Medicine, Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and 15 Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China. 16 X-Laboratory for Ion-Channel Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China; 17 Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, 18 School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; 19 Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 20 310027, China. 21 Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China. 22 23
Artículo Original Phyto-pharmacology of Tamarindus indica Fitofarmacología de Tamarindus indica

Tamarindus indica is a well-known medicinal plant which belongs to Fabaceae family, and it is a tropical perennial plant, which is broadly consumed as conventional system of pharmaceutical in whole world. T. indica is generally cultivated in Africa and Southern Asian zones. This review precis the Phytochemistry as well as pharmacological properties of T. indica . The chemistry of this plant detailed have place to various classes such as tannins, glycosides, flavonoids, steroids, unstable oils, tars, sugars, and mucilage. T. indica has various therapeutically properties, numerous of which have been confirmed by logical researchers. Phytochemical composition of T. indica confers it important pharmacological properties at present to recommend its habitual consumption to chronics disseases.
Evolution of nonlocal observables in an expanding boost-invariant plasma

Using the AdS/CFT correspondence, we compute analytically the late-time behavior of two-point functions, Wilson loops and entanglement entropy in a strongly coupled $\mathcal{N}=4$ super-Yang-Mills plasma undergoing a boost-invariant expansion. We take into account the effects of first order dissipative hydrodynamics and investigate the effects of the (time-dependent) shear viscosity on the various observables. The two-point functions decay exponentially at late times and are unaffected by the viscosity if the points are separated along the transverse directions. For longitudinal separation we find a much richer structure. In this case the exponential is modulated by a nonmonotonic function of the rapidities and a dimensionless combination of the shear viscosity and proper time. We show that this peculiar behavior constrains the regime of validity of the hydrodynamical expansion. In addition, similar results are found for certain Wilson loops and entanglement entropies.
Anisotropic spin gaps in BiAg2-Ag/Si(111)

We present a detailed analysis of the band structure of the root 3 x root 3 R 30 degrees BiAg2/Ag/Si(111) trilayer system by means of high resolution Angle Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy (ARPES). BiAg2/Ag/Si(111) exhibits a complex spin-polarized electronic structure due to giant spin-orbit interactions. We show that a complete set of constant energy ARPES maps, supplemented by a modified nearly free electron calculation, provides a unique insight into the structure of the spin-polarized bands and spin gaps. We also show that the complex gap structure can be continuously tuned in energy by a controlled deposition of an alkali metal.
Ultraviolet emission lines in young low-mass galaxies at z ≃ 2: physical properties and implications for studies at z > 7

We present deep spectroscopy of 17 very low mass (M* similar or equal to 2.0 x 10(6)-1.4 x 10(9) M-circle dot) and low luminosity (M-UV similar or equal to -13.7 to -19.9) gravitationally lensed ga .
COSMOLOGICAL MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC SIMULATIONS OF GALAXY CLUSTER RADIO RELICS: INSIGHTS AND WARNINGS FOR OBSERVATIONS

Non-thermal radio emission from cosmic-ray electrons in the vicinity of merging galaxy clusters is an important tracer of cluster merger activity, and is the result of complex physical processes that involve magnetic fields, particle acceleration, gas dynamics, and radiation. In particular, objects known as radio relics are thought to be the result of shock-accelerated electrons that, when embedded in a magnetic field, emit synchrotron radiation in the radio wavelengths. In order to properly model this emission, we utilize the adaptive mesh refinement simulation of the magnetohydrodynamic evolution of a galaxy cluster from cosmological initial conditions. We locate shock fronts and apply models of cosmic-ray electron acceleration that are then input into radio emission models. We have determined the thermodynamic properties of this radio-emitting plasma and constructed synthetic radio observations to compare observed galaxy clusters. We find a significant dependence of the observed morphology and radio relic properties on the viewing angle of the cluster, raising concerns regarding the interpretation of observed radio features in clusters. We also find that a given shock should not be characterized by a single Mach number. We find that the bulk of the radio emission comes from gas with T > 5 × 107 K, ρ ∼ 10−28–10−27 g cm−3, with magnetic field strengths of 0.1–1.0 μG, and shock Mach numbers of . We present an analysis of the radio spectral index which suggests that the spatial variation of the spectral index can mimic synchrotron aging. Finally, we examine the polarization fraction and position angle of the simulated radio features, and compare to observations.
Conformal Higgs model: Charged gauge fields can produce a 125GeV resonance

The Lagrangian density that defines conformal Higgs scalar field $\Phi$ contains $(w^2-R/6-\lambda\Phi^\dagger\Phi)\Phi^\dagger\Phi$. The value of $\lambda$ is shown here to depend on the mass of a field $W_2$ that combines interacting scalars $W^+_\mu W_-^\mu$ and $Z^*_\mu Z^\mu$. $\Phi$ is coupled to this state or resonance by the cosmological time dependence of gravitational Ricci scalar $R$, known from fitting the implied Friedmann cosmic evolution equation to Hubble expansion data. If the $W_2$ mass is $125GeV$, $\lambda$ is negative and of order $10^{-88}$, in agreement with its empirical value determined by well-established cosmological and electroweak data. Hence neutral scalar field $W_2$ is a candidate to explain the recently observed LHC resonance. An earlier derivation, restricted to neutral $Z_{\mu}$, determined parameter $w^2$ consistent with dark energy density inferred from observed Hubble expansion. The present model predicts that the $125GeV$ state is accompanied by a short-lived resonance at approximately $173GeV$.
Search for top squarks in R-parity-violating supersymmetry using three or more leptons and b-tagged jets

A search for anomalous production of events with three or more isolated leptons and bottom-quark jets produced in pp collisions at √ s = 8 TeV is presented. The analysis is based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.5 fb−1 collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC in 2012. No excess above the standard model expectations is observed. The results are interpreted in the context of supersymmetric models with signatures that have low missing transverse energy arising from light top-squark pair-production with R-parity-violating decays of the lightest supersymmetric particle. In two models with different R-parity-violating couplings, top-squarks are excluded below masses of 1020 GeV and 820 GeV when the lightest supersymmetric particle has a mass of 200 GeV. Published in Physical Review Letters as doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.111. 221801. c © 2014 CERN for the benefit of the CMS Collaboration. CC-BY-3.0 license ∗See Appendix A for the list of collaboration members ar X iv :1 30 6. 66 43 v2 [ he pex ] 2 6 N ov 2 01 3
Focus on connections for successful organizational transformation to model based engineering

Organizational Transformation to a Model Based Engineering Culture is a significant goal for Northrop Grumman Electronic Systems in order to achieve objectives of increased engineering performance. While organizational change is difficult, a focus on connections is creating success. Connections include model to model, program phase to program phase and organization to organization all through Model Based techniques. This presentation will address the techniques employed by Northrop Grumman to achieve these results as well as address continued focus and efforts. Model to model connections are very effective in automating implicit linkages between models for the purpose of ensuring consistency across a set of models and also for rapidly assessing impact of change. Program phase to phase connections are very important for reducing development time as well as reducing potential errors in moving from one program phase to another. Organization to organization communication is greatly facilitated using model based techniques to eliminate ambiguity and drive consistency and reuse.
Decaying Domain Walls in an Extended Gravity Model and Cosmology

We investigate cosmological consequences of an extended gravity model which belongs to the same class studied by Accetta and Steinhardt in an extended inflationary scenario. But we do not worry about inflation in our model; instead, we focus on a topological object formed during cosmological phase transitions. Although domain walls appear during first-order phase transitions such as QCD transition, they decay at the end of the phase transition. Therefore the "domain wall problem" does not exist in the suitable range of pameters and, on the contrary, the "fragments" of walls may become seeds of dark matter. A possible connection to "oscillating universe" model offered by Morikawa et al. is also discussed.
FINDING η CAR ANALOGS IN NEARBY GALAXIES USING SPITZER. I. CANDIDATE SELECTION

The late-stage evolution of the most massive stars such as η Carinae is controlled by the effects of mass loss, which may be dominated by poorly understood eruptive mass ejections. Understanding this population is challenging because no true analogs of η Car have been clearly identified in the Milky Way or other galaxies. We utilize Spitzer IRAC images of seven nearby (≲ 4 Mpc) galaxies to search for such analogs. We find 34 candidates with a flat or rising mid-IR spectral energy distributions toward longer mid-infrared wavelengths that emit >105 L☉ in the IRAC bands (3.6 to 8.0 μm) and are not known to be background sources. Based on our estimates for the expected number of background sources, we expect that follow-up observations will show that most of these candidates are not dust enshrouded massive stars, with an expectation of only 6 ± 6 surviving candidates. Since we would detect true analogs of η Car for roughly 200 years post-eruption, this implies that the rate of eruptions like η Car is less than the core-collapse supernova rate. It is possible, however, that every M > 40 M☉ star undergoes such eruptions given our initial results. In Paper II we will characterize the candidates through further analysis and follow-up observations, and there is no barrier to increasing the galaxy sample by an order of magnitude. The primary limitation of the present search is that Spitzer's resolution limits us to the shorter wavelength IRAC bands. With the James Webb Space Telescope, such surveys can be carried out at the far more optimal wavelengths of 10–30 μm, allowing identification of η Car analogs for millennia rather than centuries post-eruption.
Self-duality and bound states of the toric code model in a transverse field

We investigate the effect of a transverse magnetic field on the toric code model. We show that this problem can be mapped onto the Xu-Moore model and thus onto the quantum compass model which are known to be self-dual. We analyze the low-energy spectrum by means of perturbative continuous unitary transformations and determine accurately the energy gaps of various symmetry sectors. Our results are in very good agreement with exact diagonalization data for all values of the parameters except at the self-dual point where level crossings are responsible for a first order phase transition between a topological phase and a polarized phase. Interestingly, bound states of two and four quasiparticles with fermionic and bosonic statistics emerge, and display dispersion relations of reduced dimensionality.
Can you tell that I’m confused? An overhearer study for German backchannels by an embodied agent

In spoken interaction, humans constantly display and interpret each others’ state of understanding. For an embodied agent, displaying its internal state of understanding in an efficient manner can be an important means for making a user-interaction more natural and initiate error recovery as early as possible. We carry out an overhearer study with 62 participants to investigate whether German verbal and non-verbal backchannels by the virtual Furhat embodied agent can be interpreted by an overhearer of a human-robot conversation. We compare three positive, three negative, and one neutral feedback reaction. We find that even though it is difficult to generate certain verbal backchannels, our participants can recognize displays of understanding with an accuracy of up to 0.92. Trying to communicate a lack of understanding is more often misunderstood (accuracy: 0.55), meaning that interaction designers need to carefully craft them in order to be useful for the interaction flow.
VLTI/AMBER observations of the Seyfert nucleus of NGC 3783

Context. The putative tori surrounding the accretion disks of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) play a fundamental role in the unification scheme of AGNs. Infrared long-baseline interferometry allows us to study the inner dust distribution in AGNs with unprecedented spatial resolution over a wide infrared wavelength range. Aims: Near- and mid-infrared interferometry is used to investigate the milli-arcsecond-scale dust distribution in the type 1.5 Seyfert nucleus of NGC 3783. Methods: We observed NGC 3783 with the VLTI/AMBER instrument in the K-band and compared our observations with models. Results: From the K-band observations, we derive a ring-fit torus radius of 0.74 ± 0.23 mas or 0.16 ± 0.05 pc. We compare this size with infrared interferometric observations of other AGNs and UV/optical-infrared reverberation measurements. For the interpretation of our observations, we simultaneously model our near- and mid-infrared visibilities and the spectral energy distribution (SED) with a temperature/density-gradient model including an additional inner hot 1400 K ring component. Based on observations made with ESO telescopes at Paranal Observatory under programme IDs 083.B-0212(A) and 087.B-0578(A).
Modelling Healthcare Associated Infections with Hypergraphs

Healthcare Associated Infections (HAIs) like MRSA are a major threat to our hospitals and public health systems that significantly affect lives and resources. Unlike many common transmissible diseases, HAIs spread not only via direct person to person contacts but also indirectly through infected surfaces. Consequently, many of the standard epidemiological models like SIS, SEIR etc. cannot be used here. As a result, recently, many 2 Mode models were de-veloped where people and surfaces behave differently allowing the pathogen to spread both via people and surfaces. However, these 2-Mode models are linear and cannot model non-linear contagions and group interactions effectively. In this paper, we present an agent based 2-Mode Hypergraph based Model and show that it is more expressive than the graph based benchmark both theoretically and experimentally.
Chains of dense cores in the Taurus L1495/B213 complex

(Abridged) We study the kinematics of the dense gas in the Taurus L1495/B213 filamentary region to investigate the mechanism of core formation. We use observations of N2H+(1-0) and C18O(2-1) carried out with the IRAM 30m telescope. We find that the dense cores in L1495/B213 are significantly clustered in linear chain-like groups about 0.5pc long. The internal motions in these chains are mostly subsonic and the velocity is continuous, indicating that turbulence dissipation in the cloud has occurred at the scale of the chains and not at the smaller scale of the individual cores. The chains also present an approximately constant abundance of N2H+ and radial intensity profiles that can be modeled with a density law that follows a softened power law. A simple analysis of the spacing between the cores using an isothermal cylinder model indicates that the cores have likely formed by gravitational fragmentation of velocity-coherent filaments. Combining our analysis of the cores with our previous study of the large-scale C18O emission from the cloud, we propose a two-step scenario of core formation in L1495/B213. In this scenario, named "fray and fragment," L1495/B213 originated from the supersonic collision of two flows. The collision produced a network of intertwined subsonic filaments or fibers ("fray" step). Some of these fibers accumulated enough mass to become gravitationally unstable and fragment into chains of closely-spaced cores. This scenario may also apply to other regions of star formation.
Brilliance Bias in GPT-3

Language has a profound impact on how we perceive the world. With GPT-3’s rise in popularity, as of latest utilized in 300 applications averaging 4.5 billion words per day, it is critical to identify and correct biases in its generations. A variety of biases have been identified in generative language models, spanning biases based on gender, race, and religion. In this paper, we pioneer the study of the Brilliance Bias for generative models. This implicit, yet powerful bias imposes the idea that “brilliance” is a male trait and in turn, sets back women’s achievements starting as early as ages 5-7. We perform an analysis of two GPT-3 models, the base GPT-3 model (davinci) and InstructGPT (text-davinici-002), focusing on adjectives, verbs and lexicons found in their generations. Our analysis reveals the presence of substantial Brilliance Bias across both models.
Classification of Illegal Drug Sales Posts using Clustering-Based Topic Modeling.

Drugs illegally traded online are causing so-001 cial problems around the world wide. One of 002 the ways to solve this problem is to automat-003 ically delete sales posts quickly even if they 004 are uploaded. We propose new data on illegal 005 drug sales posts in Korean collected directly 006 from Twitter. There are about 100K collected 007 data, and labels were added directly to each 008 data. Supervised learning-based models gener-009 ally show high performance, but label informa-010 tion is essential. It is difficult to add labels to 011 all texts in situations where a large amount of 012 text occurs. In this work, we propose a topic 013 modeling-based classification model that can 014 perform higher with even a small number of la-015 bels. As a result of the experiment, higher clas-016 sification performance is shown when Topic 017 modeling is used as a small number of data. 018
On the diffusion of momentum and mass by internal gravity waves

The interaction between short internal gravity waves and a larger-scale mean flow in the ocean is analysed in the Wkbj approximation. The wave field determines the radiation-stress term in the momentum equation of the mean flow and a similar term in the buoyancy equation. The mean flow affects the propagation characteristics of the wave field. This cross-coupling is treated as a small perturbation. When relaxation effects within the wave field are considered, the mean flow induces a modulation of the wave field which is a linear functional of the spatial gradients of the mean current velocity. The effect that this modulation itself has on the mean flow can be reduced to the addition of diffusion terms to the equations for the mass and momentum balance of the mean flow. However, there is no vertical diffusion of mass and other passive properties. The diffusion coefficients depend on the frequency spectrum and the relaxation time of the internal-wave field and can be evaluated analytically. The vertical viscosity coefficient is found to be vv [ape ] 4 x 103cm2/s and exceeds values typically used in models of the general circulation by at least two orders of magnitude.