Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation and first‐aid training of river users in Australia: A strategy for reducing drowning

ISSUE ADDRESSED Rivers are a leading location for fatal drowning worldwide, often geographically isolated from timely medical assistance. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) benefits drowning victims and those who suffer cardiac arrests. This study explored CPR and first-aid training of river users in Australia. METHODS Adult river users (18+ years) were surveyed at four high-risk river drowning sites. Respondents were asked the last time they undertook CPR (responses converted into: "CPR ever undertaken"-yes/no; and "CPR training current"-yes/no (training undertaken ≤12 months ago). Responses were explored by demographics and social determinants of health. RESULTS Of those surveyed (N = 688), 98.4% responded regarding CPR. Seventy-five percent (74.9%) had undertaken CPR training previously. Females and 35- to 44-year-olds were more likely to have undertaken training (P < 0.05). Males and older people (65+ years) were less likely to hold a current qualification (P < 0.05). Major city residents reported a longer mean time (5.4 years) since last trained than remote and very remote locations (2.0 years). People in low socio-economic areas had a shorter time since qualification current (5.8 years) than those in areas deemed high (7.2 years). CONCLUSION Current CPR qualifications are important, particularly among those visiting high-risk river drowning locations. System-level, upstream strategies that should be explored include compulsory CPR training in secondary schools and linking CPR updates to motor vehicle licence renewals. SO WHAT? : Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is a vital component of multifaceted river drowning prevention. Social determinants of health, such as socio-economic disadvantage and geographical isolation, were not barriers to participation or currency of qualification.
Plural Marking in Spoken and Written Narratives: A Corpus-based Study of Japanese Learners of English

This paper aims to present the results of a learner corpus study on spoken and written narratives by Japanese learners of English using Processability Theory (PT) (Pienemann, 1998). PT assumes that there is a universal hierarchy of second language (L2) development and many studies (e.g., Di Biase, Kawaguchi, & Yamaguchi, 2015; Pienemann, 1998) have shown support for PT stages for English L2. However, few PT studies have addressed the issues of whether learners use linguistic structures in the same way in spoken and written tasks. The current study focuses on learners’ use of plural marking on nouns, since contradictory results have been reported for the developmental sequence of lexical plural - s and phrasal plural -s (Charters, Dao, & Jansen, 2011). The participants in this study comprised 291 university students learning in English programs in Japanese universities. Each of them performed spoken and written narratives using a picture book titled Frog, where are you? (Mayer, 1969) containing 24 wordless pictures. The learner corpus including both 291 audio-recorded and transcribed spoken narratives and 291 written narratives was compiled. The results of the analyses showed a connection between learners’ use of plural marker -s in speaking and that in writing, while a small number of students were found to perform differently in two different tasks. Moreover, this study demonstrated support for the developmental sequence of lexical and phrasal plural marking predicted in PT.
Partial pro-drop as null NP anaphora

1. Languages with rich subject agreement morphology (henceforth consistent NSLs), such as Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, Hungarian, Greek, among many others. In this type of language, subjects are freely dropped under the appropriate discourse conditions. 2. Languages that have agreement and referential null subjects whose distribution is restricted (henceforth partial NSLs) such as Hebrew, Finnish, Marathi, Russian, colloquial Brazilian Portuguese. 3. Languages that lack agreement, such as Chinese, Japanese and Korean. These have been described as topic-oriented languages and allow for any argument to be dropped not just subjects. These will be labeled discourse pro-drop languages.
Assessing sex differences and similarities in mate preferences: Above and beyond demand characteristics

Prior experiments documenting gender differences in mate preferences have relied on directive questions (e.g., “How important is physical attractiveness? ”), which are susceptible to demand characteristics. To assess this potential confound, this study assessed mate preferences using indirect, openended questions, with anonymous computer administration and designated (same- or opposite-sex) targets. The frequency with which participants noted traits reflected key gender differences predicted by evolutionary accounts; evaluations of men focused more on ambitiousness, whereas evaluations of women focused more on attractiveness. The number of attractiveness comments was also greater, however, if the rated target was of the opposite sex. Kindness and intelligence comments did not show strong gender differences, although kindness-related comments were very frequent overall and particularly frequent from women participants.
The Archaeological Process: An Introduction

List of Illustrations. Preface: Digging Outside the Shelter. Acknowledgements. 1. Crises in Global Archaeology. 2. Archaeology - Bridging Humanity and Science. 3. How do Archaeologists Reason? 4. Interpreting Material Culture. 5. Towards a Reflexive Method. 6. The Natural Sciences in Archaeology. 7. Using the New Information Technologies. 8. Windows into Deep Time: Towards a Multiscalar Approach. 9. Archaeology and Globalism. 10. Can the New Technologies Deliver a Reflexive Methodology? 11. Conclusion: Towards Non-dichotomous Thinking in Archaeology. Bibliography. Index.
What Gardens Mean

Are gardens works of art? What is involved in creating a garden? How are gardens experienced by those who stroll through them? In "What Gardens Mean, " Stephanie Ross draws on philosophy as well as the histories of art, gardens, culture, and ideas to explore the magical lure of gardens. Paying special attention to the amazing landscape gardens of eighteenth-century England, she situates gardening among the other fine arts, documenting the complex messages gardens can convey and tracing various connections between gardens and the art of painting. "What Gardens Mean" offers a distinctive blend of historical and contemporary material, ranging from extensive accounts of famous eighteenth-century gardens to incisive connections with present-day philosophical debates. And while Ross examines aesthetic writings from the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, including Joseph Addison's "Spectator" essays on the pleasures of imagination, the book's opening chapter surveys more recent theories about the nature and boundaries of art. She also considers gardens on their own terms, following changes in garden style, analyzing the phenomenal experience of viewing or strolling through a garden, and challenging the claim that the art of gardening is now a dead one. Showing that an artistic lineage can be traced from gardens in the Age of Satire to current environmental installations, this book is a sophisticated account of the myriad pleasures that gardens offer and a testimony to their enduring sensory and cognitive appeal. Beautifully illustrated and elegantly written, "What Gardens Mean" will delight all those interested in the history of gardens and the aesthetic and philosophical issues that they invite.
Adaptive Control Design and Analysis (Adaptive and Learning Systems for Signal Processing, Communications and Control Series)

From the Publisher: "Today, adaptive control theory has grown to be a rigorous and mature discipline. As the advantages of adaptive systems for developing advanced applications grow apparent, adaptive control is becoming more popular in many fields of engineering and science. Using a simple, balanced, and harmonious style, this book provides a convenient introduction to the subject and improves one's understanding of adaptive control theory. " As either a textbook or reference, this self-contained tutorial of adaptive control design and analysis is ideal for practicing engineers, researchers, and graduate students alike.
A relação entre arte e ciência na bioarte: estudo do caso da obra Nature? (1999-2000) de Marta de Menezes

Ao longo do seculo XX assistiu-se a uma expansao sem precedentes dos materiais, meios e tecnicas utilizados pelos artistas. A arte libertou-se para explorar novos campos do saber que se tornaram, nao apenas fontes de inspiracao, mas tambem metodos de trabalho. Disso sao exemplos as obras incluidas na chamada “bioarte”, que utilizam o conhecimento e as tecnicas do âmbito da biologia e da biotecnologia como materiais artisticos. Neste artigo analisaremos o caso de Nature? (1999-2000) da artista Marta de Menezes (n. 1975), atualmente pertencente a colecao do Museo Extremeno e Iberoamericano de Arte Contemporaneo (MEIAC), procurando realcar as dificuldades que coloca a sua musealizacao e conservacao. Para alem do levantamento e estudo do material publicado acerca deste assunto, esta investigacao incluiu a realizacao de entrevistas a Marta de Menezes e aos responsaveis pela conservacao da colecao do MEIAC. Foi tambem consultada a documentacao acerca da obra existente neste museu. Esta instalacao – que teve origem no trabalho desenvolvido pela artista durante a sua primeira residencia num laboratorio cientifico – inclui borboletas vivas, cujas asas sao modificadas para fins artisticos. A inclusao de seres vivos implica um aumento significativo do conhecimento que e necessario preservar e transmitir para assegurar a sobrevivencia da obra, obrigando a um repensar das estrategias museologicas utilizadas e abrindo novas possibilidades de colaboracao entre artistas, cientistas e museus.
A developmental shift in processes underlying successful belief‐desire reasoning

Young children's failures in reasoning about beliefs and desires, and especially about false beliefs, have been much studied. However, there are few accounts of successful belief-desire reasoning in older children or adults. An exception to this is a model in which belief attribution is treated as a process wherein an inhibitory system selects the most likely content for the belief to be attributed from amongst several competing contents [Leslie, A. M. , & Polizzi, P. (1998). Developmental Science, 1, 247–254]. We tested this model with an ‘avoidance false belief task’ in which subjects predict the behavior of a character, who wants to avoid an object but who is mistaken about which of three locations it is in. The task has two equally correct answers—in seeking to avoid the location where she mistakenly believes the object to be, the character might equally go to the location where the object actually is, or to the remaining empty location. However, the model predicts that subjects will prefer one of these answers, selecting the object's actual location over the empty location. This bias was confirmed in a series of five experiments with children aged between 4 and 8 years of age. A sixth experiment ruled out two rival explanations for children's biased responding. Two further experiments found the opposite bias in adults. These findings support one selection model as an account of belief-desire reasoning in children, and suggest that a different model is needed for adults. The process of selecting contents for mental state attributions shows a developmental shift between 8 years of age and adulthood.
THE PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY SCHREYER HONORS COLLEGE DEPARTMENT OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING SYNTHESIS AND EFFECTS OF A PHOTOACTIVATED SILVER NANOPARTICLE PLATFORM DELIVERING MIR-148B IN LUNG ADENOCARCINOMA ALEXANDER CHAN SPRING 2018 A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements fo

Of the nearly 600,000 cancer-related deaths in 2016, 158,080 or 26.5% were attributed to lung cancer. As such, lung cancer remains one of the deadliest diseases among men and women. Furthermore, lung cancer continues to be one of the most commonly-diagnosed cancers with 14% new cases among men and 13% new cases among women in 2016. One of the most common forms of lung cancer is adenocarcinoma, an epithelial non small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Over 85% of all lung cancers are categorized as NSCLCs, and current treatments modalities are still limited to traditional surgical resection and radiotherapy. Despite advances in both fields, such as minimally-invasive lobe resection and stereotactic body radiation therapy, these techniques are limited to early-stage cancers. Additionally, few treatments rely on signaling inhibition, since few NSCLCs are identified as EGFR or ALK mutant, which would allow for kinase inhibitor therapy. As such, a significant amount of research has been devoted to developing targeted therapies for NSCLC to improve therapeutic outcomes and reduce systemic side effects. In this study, we develop a novel silver nanoparticle/miR-148b construct for treatment of lung adenocarcinoma. We use human A549 cells as an in vitro model to test the miRNA and silver nanoparticle constructs. This system uses miR-148b, a regulatory RNA which has been studied in several cancer types including melanoma and breast cancer and has been shown to negatively affect cancer growth. Additionally, we use a furan-maleimide pair diels-alder adduct to tether miR-148b to particle surfaces. By exploiting the plasmonic properties of nanoscale silver, it is possible to control miR-148b release spatiotemporally for targeted therapeutic delivery. Additionally, plasmonic generation of hot electrons is hypothesized to induce localized thermal ablation of cancer cells for dual-modal therapy. In this study, a novel miRNA silver nanoparticle was synthesized and investigated in lung cancer cell cultures. Particles were characterized using TEM and DLS to determine the size of the final construct to be approximately 76 nm. Surface charge was also measured and upon reaction with negatively-charged
Practical Obstacles to Deploying Active Learning

Active learning (AL) is a widely-used training strategy for maximizing predictive performance subject to a fixed annotation budget. In AL, one iteratively selects training examples for annotation, often those for which the current model is most uncertain (by some measure). The hope is that active sampling leads to better performance than would be achieved under independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) random samples. While AL has shown promise in retrospective evaluations, these studies often ignore practical obstacles to its use. In this paper, we show that while AL may provide benefits when used with specific models and for particular domains, the benefits of current approaches do not generalize reliably across models and tasks. This is problematic because in practice, one does not have the opportunity to explore and compare alternative AL strategies. Moreover, AL couples the training dataset with the model used to guide its acquisition. We find that subsequently training a successor model with an actively-acquired dataset does not consistently outperform training on i.i. d. sampled data. Our findings raise the question of whether the downsides inherent to AL are worth the modest and inconsistent performance gains it tends to afford.
Simple Nonparametric Bounds on the Joint Distribution of Welfare and Endogenous Choice in Discrete Random Utility Models

This paper studies the nonparametric identification of the joint distribution of money metric utility and endogenous choice in discrete choice random utility models with unrestricted unobserved heterogeneity. Identifying this joint distribution allows researchers to study the welfare consequences of exogenous price changes for groups that are endogenous to the model. This is an important consideration in many current policy debates and provides answers to questions like ‘How do congestion taxes affect the welfare of drivers? ’ and ‘What is the welfare impact of a refundable tax credit on the unemployed? ’. When panel data are available, I find the joint distribution of the compensating (or equivalent) variation and the endogenous pre-reform choice to be point identified from the observed Marshallian transition probabilities. When only cross-sectional data are available, however, I show that these distributions can still be either point (compensating variation) or set (equivalent variation) identified by exploiting Boole-Fréchet inequalities and stochastic revealed preference conditions, which both impose restrictions on the now unobserved transition probabilities. Similar results hold when considering the endogenous post-reform choice. The identification results are constructive, and I provide straightforward two-step nonparametric estimators. [Empirical application to be added. ]
Addition of Graphite Filler to Enhance Electrical, Morphological, Thermal, and Mechanical Properties in Poly (Ethylene Terephthalate): Experimental Characterization and Material Modeling

Poly(ethylene terephthalate)/graphite (PET/G) micro-composites were fabricated by the melt compounding method using a minilab extruder. The carbon fillers were found to act as nucleating agents for the PET matrix and hence accelerated crystallization and increased the degree of crystallinity. TGA showed that carbon fillers improved the resistance to thermal and thermo-oxidative degradation under both air and nitrogen atmospheres. However, a poor agreement was observed at higher loadings of the filler where the composites displayed reduced reinforcement efficiency. The results demonstrate that the addition of graphite at loading >14.5 wt. % made electrically conductive composites. It was calculated that the electric conductivities of PET/graphite micro-composites were enhanced, above the percolation threshold values by two orders of magnitudes compared to the PET matrix. The minimum value of conductivity required to avoid electrostatic charge application of an insulating polymer was achieved, just above the threshold values. The addition of graphite also improved thermal stability of PET, accelerated its crystallization process and increased the degree of crystallinity. Microscopic results exhibit no indication of aggregations at 2 wt. % graphite, whereas more agglomeration and rolling up could be seen as the graphite content was increased in the PET matrix (in particular, above the percolation threshold value). Furthermore, based on the mechanical experimental characterization of the PET/graphite micro-composites, a large deformation-based mathematical model is proposed for material behavior predictions. The model fits well the experimental data and predicts other mechanical data that are not included in the parameter identification.
Time Series Analysis based on Complex Networks

Time series data are ubiquitous in domains as diverse as climate studies, economics and health care. Mining interesting features from these data is therefore a crucial task with an inherent multidisciplinary impact. Time series analysis is a well established research field with a vast array of available methodologies. Due to recent technological advances, ranging from remote sensing to wearables and social sensing, there is a tremendous increase in time series data that is available and requires analysis. Complex networks can also describe a wide range of systems in nature and society and their analysis has been receiving increasing interest from the research community. The impact has been so big that has led to the emergence of the new field of Network Science, and there exists a vast set of topological graph measurements available, an established set of problems and a large track record of successful applications. At first sight, time series and complex networks do not seem to be related, but there have been recent advances that try to leverage the knowledge of both worlds. The classical approaches to time series analysis present severe limitations when analysing multidimensional sets of time series. A recent and very promising conceptual approach relies on mapping the time series to complex networks, where the vast arsenal of network science methodologies can help to gain new insights into the mapped time series. This thesis main goal focuses precisely on contributing to time series analysis based on complex networks. We first give an overview the main concepts of both areas and we survey the literature on mappings that able to transform time series into complex networks that preserve some of its characteristics. These mappings are based on concepts such as correlation, phase space reconstruction, recurrence analysis, visibility or transition probabilities. We then perform a systematic network based characterization of a large set of linear and nonlinear time series models using topological properties of the constructed networks using the visibility and transition probabilities concepts. We show that different mappings and different topological metrics capture different characteristics, complementing each other and providing more information when combined than simply being considered by themselves.
Eating Disorders with Comorbid Anxiety Disorders

Although eating disorders and anxiety disorders (AD) are under different diagnosis categories, it is striking that they have high comorbidity and similar clinical features. The most frequently informed anxiety disorders are obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), social anxiety disorder (SAD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Moreover, in cases with a tendency of perfectionism, concern and harm avoidance before the diagnosis of eating disorder, the anxiety disorder is able to be failed to notice. The existence of anxiety disorder or eating disorder makes these syndromes worse. Until today, the relation in between eating disorder and AD has tried to be clarified by phenomenological, neurobiological and family studies. But even if a significant relation has been specified in phenomenological aspect in between OCD and eating disorders, the relation in between eating disorders and other AD is not clear. The existence of AD may be a risk factor in the arise of eating disorders. Therefore, diagnosis and treatment of childhood-adolescence occurring AD may prevent the development of eating disorders. The comorbidity of eating disorders and AD is negatively affecting the treatment and prognosis of the disorder. Moreover, there is limited evidence regarding the effectiveness of treatment options (medication, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), family therapy, dialectic behavioral therapy, interpersonal therapy) used in the treatment of cases with a diagnosis of concurrent eating disorder and anxiety disorder. In this chapter, a review of the literature on the comorbidity between eating disorders and the anxiety disorders of OCD, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), SAD, GAD, simple phobia, agoraphobia and panic disorder.