Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An introduction to the special issue of the Bulletin de la Société géologique de France

Jacques Angelier was born 2 March 1947 in Alès, France. He passed away on 31 January 2010. Jacques was a student at ’Ecole Normale Supérieure’ of Saint-Cloud from 1966 to 1970. He obtained his PhD in 1970 and his DSc in 1979. From 1970-71 Jacques was assistant lecturer at the University Pierre & Marie Curie in Paris (Paris VI), and from 1971-76 assistant lecturer at the University of Orléans. Following his stay in Orléans, Jacques returned to University Pierre & Marie Curie in 1976 as an assistant professor and, from 1981, as a full professor. Jacques worked in Paris until 2003, then moved to the Oceanological Observatory of Villefranche-sur-Mer, also a part of University Pierre & Marie Curie. The main research activities of Jacques Angelier were in the fields of structural geology and geodynamics, with focus on brittle deformation. He was a leader in analysing crustal stresses, that is, in developing methods to understand the various stress fields to which the Earth’s crust has been subjected through time. The basic techniques are inversion of fault-slip data from minor fault sets measured in the field and of focal mechanisms (fault-plane solutions) of earthquakes in a given area to calculate the state of stress. Inversion of fault data is primarily used to infer the so-called “paleo-stresses”, that is, the state of stress that existed in the past at the time of fault slips. This method relies much on measurements and interpretation of striations on fault planes in the field. Focal mechanisms of earthquakes are used to infer current stresses in active fault zones. Jacques developed computer programs to calculate the stress tensors from these various types of data. Jacques Angelier applied his methods to carry out regional and local brittle-tectonic studies in many countries and regions. These include North Africa, Greece, Turkey, Mexico, USA, Japan, Korea, Russia, Ukraine, Iran, Canada, Greenland, Taiwan, Iceland and, of course, France. Since the late 1980’s his research focused increasingly on active deformation. This work enabled him to combine field studies of brittle deformation with the analysis of earthquakes, the focus of the latter being on seismotectonics and associated current stress fields. The main targets of his seismotectonic studies were the divergent plate boundary of Iceland and the convergent plate boundary of Taiwan. The great scientific legacy of Jacques Angelier, his impact on structural geology, in particular on the study of brittle deformation and crustal stresses, has been of first importance and will continue to be so for many years to come (photos 1 to 7).
The Development of Educational Aspirations and Expectations From Adolescence to Young Adulthood: A Longitudinal Study of Mexican-Origin Youth

Mexican-origin youth are at increased risk for school dropout and low educational attainment. High educational aspirations and expectations provide a potential source of resilience, given their association with positive educational outcomes. Using data from a longitudinal study of 674 Mexican-origin youth, we examined the development of educational aspirations ("how far would you like to go in school? ") and expectations ("how far do you actually expect to go? ") from 7th grade (M age = 12.8) to 2 years post–high school (M age = 19.8). Results indicate that Mexican-origin youth enter adolescence with very high aspirations and expectations (e.g., 67% expect to graduate from college) and maintain them even after transitioning into young adulthood. Several demographic and cultural factors, including parent education level, family income, the cultural value of familism, ethnic identity, and Spanish language use, were associated with higher aspirations and expectations.
Environmental and Occupational Risk Factors of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Population-Based Case-Control Study

Objectives: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive and fatal neurodegenerative disease with still unknown etiology. We aimed at investigating the association between environmental and occupational factors with ALS risk. Methods: We performed a population-based case-control study in four Italian provinces (Catania, Modena, Novara, and Reggio Emilia) by administration of tailored questionnaires to ALS cases (n = 95) and randomly selected population referents (n = 135). We estimated ALS risk by calculating the odds ratio (OR) with its 95% confidence interval (CI) using an unconditional logistic regression model. Results: We found a positive association with disease risk for history of occupation in the agricultural sector (OR = 2.09, 95% CI 0.79–7.54), especially for longer than 10 years (OR = 2.72, 95% 1.02–7.20). Overall occupational exposure to solvents also suggested a positive association, especially for thinners (OR = 2.27, 95% CI 1.14–4.54) and paint removers (OR = 2.01, 95% CI 0.90–4.48). Both occupational and environmental exposure to electromagnetic fields show a slightly increased risk with OR = 1.69 (95% CI 0.70–4.09) and 2.41 (95% CI 1.13–5.12), respectively. Occupational but not environmental exposure to pesticides (OR = 1.22, 95% CI 0.63–2.37), particularly fungicides, and exposure to metals (OR = 4.20, 95% CI 1.88–9.38), particularly lead, mercury, and selenium, showed an imprecise but positive association. Finally, there was an indication of increased risk for living in proximity to water bodies. Conclusions: Despite the caution that needs to be used due to some study limitations, such as the low number of exposed subjects and the possibility of recall bias, these results suggest the potential role of some environmental and occupational factors in ALS etiology.
Molecular effects of Staphylococcus aureus toxins and their contribution to pathogenesis

4 Introduction 5 Development of community associated S.aureus strains 5 Symptoms and impact of CA-MRSA infections 5 Staphylococcal toxins 6 Prevalent strains and their characterization 6 Aim of this work 7 Molecular effects of S.aureus toxins and their contribution to pathogenesis 8 Pore forming hemolysins 8 α-hemolysin 9 β-hemolysin 10 γhemolysin, Panton-Valentine leukocidin and related toxins 11 Phenol soluble modulins 17 Pyrogenic toxin superantigens 19 Toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 20 Enterotoxins 21 Enterotoxin-like toxins 22 Exfoliative toxins 23 Exfoliative toxin A 24 Exfoliative toxin B 25 Exfoliative toxin D 25 Discussion 26 Summary 26 The role of hemolysins 26 The role of PTSAgs 28 The role of exfoliative toxins 29 Concluding remarks and outlook 30 References 31 Acknowledgements 42 Declaration in lieu of an oath 42
Change of soil organic matter as affected by household land use based on 3S technology in urban fringes of north China

Abstract Different land‐use managements accompany different land‐use objectives in the changing phases of household economic development. These management changes lead to a number of changes in soil nutrients such as in soil organic matter (SOM). This article, with support from global positioning system (GPS) and geographic information system (GIS) monitoring, analyses and compares SOM change in an area of urban fringe in north China from 1982 to 2000 and then from 2000 to 2006. SOM increased by 27% (5.43 g kg‐1‐6.90 g kg‐1) during the first period but decreased by 7% during the second. In the first period, with the implementation of the “Household Responsibility System”, material inputs, especially of fertiliser was very high when the central household objective was to “have a full stomach”. Yields also increased quickly, so there were corresponding increases in the amount of organic materials returned to the fields and SOM also increased during this earlier period. In the second period, household objectives developed making a trade‐off between consumption and income above subsistence level. Land‐use types evolved from subsistence field cropping to the growing of cash crops. Changing material inputs and managements between the different cropping systems affected soil nutrients such as SOM. SOM decreased in most of the region during this second period. Dynamic monitoring (GPS and GIS) is needed in the region to conduct scientific research on fertiliser use and management.
Initial analysis of the spatial correlation between the incidence of COVID-19 and human development in the municipalities of the state of Ceará in Brazil.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the spatial distribution of the incidence of COVID-19 and its correlation with the municipal human development index (MHDI) of the municipalities of Ceará. METHODS This is an ecological study with data recovered from the 15th epidemiological week and the 19th one of the year 2020 using the MHDI and the COVID-19 incidence coefficient for each municipality as variables. The univariate spatial correlation and the bivariate one were analyzed using the TerraView and GeoDa softwares. RESULTS The incidence of COVID-19 has spatial dependence with moderate positive correlation and the formation of high-high clusters located in the metropolitan region of Fortaleza and municipalities in the north region. The lowest incidence was a low-low cluster in the south and west regions. There was a positive bivariate correlation between MHDI and the incidence of COVID-19 with the formation of a cluster in the metropolitan region of Fortaleza. CONCLUSION The uneven mapping of COVID-19 and its relationship with MHDI in Ceará can contribute to actions to regional combat the pandemic.
Non-neoplastic urothelial lesions and mimickers of malignancy: Take Cognizance - Avoid negligence

Background: The differential diagnosis of urothelial neoplasms also includes several histologic mimics, the importance of which cannot be overemphasized since misdiagnosis could have serious clinical and prognostic implications. Aims: To study the variety of non-neoplastic lesions of the urothelial tract that could potentially be confused with urothelial neoplasms. Material and Methods: A retrospective and prospective study of five years duration was done at a tertiary care hospital including 55 cases of non-neoplastic urothelial lesions. Results were analysed using SPSS22. Results: Out of 43.62% of cases clinically suspicious for malignancy, majority (18.18%) were florid Proliferation of von brunn nests. Out of 56.3% cases clinically non-suspicious for malignancy majority were nonspecific cystitis (12.72%). The nonneoplastic lesions were more common in males (83.3%). The mean age was 45.6 yrs. Conclusions: Diagnostic awareness of salient histomorphologic features of the benign mimickers of urothelial neoplasms is critical to avoid rendering false positive diagnoses of malignancy.
Organizational learning : the competitive advantage of the future

Introduction. I. THE IMPORTANCE OF ORGANISATIONAL LEARNING. 1. Case Study: ABB - The Logic of the Global Business. II. WHAT IS ORGANISATIONAL LEARNING? 2. Case Study: Jakob Schlpfer Ltd. III. THE NATURE OF ORGANISATIONAL LEARNING. 3. Case Study I: Organisational Learning at Departmental Level: The Training Department in Asea Brown Boveri, Switzerland. 4. Case Study II: Organisational Learning at Institutional Level: The Restructuring of Digital Equipment Europe (1992/93). IV. WHAT PROMPTS LEARNING IN ORGANISATIONS? 5. Case Study I: IBM. 6. Case Study II: Hewlett-Packard. V. WHO ARE THE AGENTS OF ORGANISATIONAL LEARNING? 7. Case Study: Group Project in Allianz Insurance. VI. BARRIERS TO LEARNING. 8. Case Study: The Challenger Disaster. IX. FACILITATING ORGANISATIONAL LEARNING. 10. Case Studies: Use of a Microworld in a Company Planning Seminar. 11. Tanaland, or Coping with Complexity. 12. Network Thinking in the Kuoni Travel Agency. 13. Royal Dutch Petroleum/Shell. 14. Maag Technic. 15. Winterthur Insurances. 16. Forbo International. 17. McDonald. 18. Digital Equipment Enterprise (1992). 19. Volkswagen Ltd. 20. Hewlett-Packard Ltd. 21. Digital Equipment Corporation. 22. Aare-Emmenkanal Ltd. 23. Mind Mapping in ABB Industrie Ltd. 24. COCOMAP and ORGMAP. 25. Knowledge, Ability and Motivation in Organisational Learning.
Antibody Responses after Two Doses of COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine in Dialysis and Kidney Transplantation Patients Recovered from SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Background and Objectives: Hemodialysis patients (HD) and kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) have been heavily impacted by COVID-19, showing increased risk of infection, worse clinical outcomes, and higher mortality rates than the general population. Although mass vaccination remains the most successful measure in counteracting the pandemic, less evidence is available on vaccine effectiveness in immunodepressed subjects previously infected and recovered from COVID-19. Materials and Methods: This study aimed at investigating the ability to develop an adequate antibody response after vaccination in a 2-dose series against SARS-CoV-2 in HD patients and KTR that was administered after laboratory and clinical recovery from COVID-19. Results: Comparing SARS-CoV-2 S1/S2 IgG levels measured before and after 2 doses of mRNA vaccine (BNT162b2 vaccine, Comirnaty, Pfizer–BioNTech or mRNA-1273 vaccine, Spikevax, Moderna), highly significant increases of antibody titers were observed. The antibody peak level was reached at 3 months following second dose administration, regardless of the underlying cause of immune depression and the time of pre-vaccine serology assessment after negativization. Conclusions: Our data indicate that HD patients and KTR exhibit a satisfying antibody response to a 2-dose series of mRNA vaccine, even in cases when infection-induced humoral immunity was poor or rapidly fading. Further studies are needed to evaluate the role of booster doses in conferring effective and durable protection in weak patient categories.
Differences in Supragingival Microbiome in Patients with and without Full-Crown Prostheses

Objectives: To characterize the microflora profile of supragingival biofilm in patients with and without full-crown prostheses. Methods: Plaque samples of full-crown prostheses and teeth in patients with porcelain-fused-to-metal crowns, all-ceramic crowns, and no prostheses were collected (three patients per group), using 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology to conduct DNA sequencing on the samples and using Qiime, R, and PICRUSt2 software to perform bioinformatics analyses and functional analyses on sequencing data. Results: In total, 110,209 valid sequences were obtained in the experiment, corresponding to 11 phyla and 120 genera. The predominant species shared by the three groups were phyla Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Fusobacteria, and Proteobacteria and genera Rothia, Porphyromonas, Prevotella, Streptococcus, Veillonella, Leptotrichia, Neisseria, Citrobacter, and Pseudomonas. The species-difference analysis showed that genus Hameophilus significantly increased after the patient wore the dental prosthesis. Compared with the no-prosthesis samples, the functional analysis showed that cell motility increased in the samples from full-crown prostheses, while replication and repair, and translation decreased. Conclusions: This study reveals the changes in the oral microbial community of patients with full-crown prostheses, which could provide insights regarding the safety of materials for long-term use in the oral cavity.
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of HPV Extended versus Partial Genotyping for Cervical Cancer Screening in Singapore

Simple Summary Identification of human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes beyond HPV16 and HPV18 by extended genotyping (XGT) for cervical cancer screening, allows for risk stratification for clinical management. We estimated the resource use, cost, and quality-adjusted life years (QALY) comparing XGT to partial genotyping (PGT) in Singapore. The analysis considers a five-year screening cycle and lifetime outcomes in women diagnosed with CIN2+. Compared to PGT, XGT cost an additional SGD 16,370 per QALY gained (USD 19,465 per QALY gained), with 7130 (19.4%) fewer colposcopies, 6027 (7.0%) fewer cytology tests, 9787 (1.6%) fewer clinical consultations, yet 2446 (0.5%) more HPV tests. XGT can be a cost-effective, risk-based approach to primary cervical cancer screening as it utilizes fewer resources compared to PGT. This analysis, not previously conducted in an Asian context, could guide the use of XGT in Asia. Abstract Human papillomavirus (HPV) partial genotyping (PGT) identifies HPV16 and HPV18 individually, alongside 12 other high-risk HPV genotypes (hrHPV) collectively. HPV extended genotyping (XGT) identifies four additional hrHPV individually (HPV31, 45, 51, and 52), and reports the remaining eight in three groups (HPV33|58; 56|59|66; 35|39|68). Quality-adjusted life years (QALY), health care resource use, and costs of XGT were compared to PGT for cervical cancer screening in Singapore using DICE simulation. Women with one of the three hrHPV identified by XGT (HPV35|39|68; 56|59|66; 51), and atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) on cytology, are recalled for a repeat screening in one year, instead of undergoing an immediate colposcopy with PGT. At the repeat screening, the colposcopy is performed only for persistent same-genotype infections in XGT, while with PGT, all the women with persistent HPV have a colposcopy. Screening 500,122 women, aged 30–69, with XGT, provided an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) versus PGT of SGD 16,370/QALY, with 7130 (19.4%) fewer colposcopies, 6027 (7.0%) fewer cytology tests, 9787 (1.6%) fewer clinic consultations, yet 2446 (0.5%) more HPV tests. The XGT ICER remains well below SGD 100,000 in sensitivity analyses, (-SGD 17,736/QALY to SGD 50,474/QALY). XGT is cost-effective compared to PGT, utilizes fewer resources, and provides a risk-based approach as the primary cervical cancer screening method.
Electrodynamics and the Mass-Energy Equivalence Principle

In this paper we investigate the link between classical electrodynamics and the mass-energy equivalence principle, in view of the conclusions reached in ref. [1]. A formula for the radius of a charged particle is derived. The formula predicts the radius of the proton correctly. The radius of the electron turns out to be a surprising quantity that solves the existing problems of electrodynamics, particularly the problem of the infinite self-force of the electron. In addition, the classical radius of the electron (2.82fm) will prove to be not a "radius", but rather the mean distance through which the retarded potentials of the self-force act. An important conclusion is that there is no deficiency in the classical Abraham-Lorentz model of the self-force, but rather the problem lies with our intuitive understanding of what an elementary particle is. Other important conclusions are also discussed, including a physically sound explanation for why electric charges must be quantized (as opposed to Dirac's monopole theory).
Metabolomic pathway visualization tool outsourcing editing function

Recent rapid improvements of measuring instrument enables us to perform various omics studies to simultaneous profile multiple molecules, which provides a holistic view of various molecular interactions, such as signal transaction, protein interactions, and metabolic pathways. Metabolomics is recently emerged omics that can identify and quantify low weight metabolites usually defined as organic molecules whose size is <; 1500 Da. In comparison to the other omics, the development of software tools to deal with metabolomic data is not matured. Conventional pathway drawing and visualization tool provide tool-specific unique functions, however, such user interface requires users to learn the usage and prevention for the use of these tools. Here, we developed a more generic pathway visualization tool. This tool incorporate pathway data yielded by common drawing tools, e.g. MS PowerPoint, and visualize the quantified values on the pathways. The statistical results also can be overlaid on each metabolite. The developed tools facilitate the interpreting metabolomic data in pathway forms.
Big Data Blind Separation

Data or signal separation is one of the critical areas of data analysis. In this work, the problem of non-negative data separation is considered. The problem can be briefly described as follows: given X∈Rm×N, find A∈Rm×n and S∈R+n×N such that X=AS. Specifically, the problem with sparse locally dominant sources is addressed in this work. Although the problem is well studied in the literature, a test to validate the locally dominant assumption is not yet available. In addition to that, the typical approaches available in the literature sequentially extract the elements of the mixing matrix. In this work, a mathematical modeling-based approach is presented that can simultaneously validate the assumption, and separate the given mixture data. In addition to that, a correntropy-based measure is proposed to reduce the model size. The approach presented in this paper is suitable for big data separation. Numerical experiments are conducted to illustrate the performance and validity of the proposed approach.
Asthma update: epidemiology and pathophysiology.

1. Margaret F. Guill, MD* 1. *Professor of Pediatrics; Chief, Pediatric Pulmonology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Ga After completing this article, readers should be able to: 1. Characterize asthma, including its prevalence in the United States. 2. Describe the interaction of immunologic mechanisms producing airway inflammation and hyperreactivity in asthma. 3. Discuss the major risk factor for persistent asthma in young children. This is the first of a two-part article on asthma. Readers should consider both parts for a complete review. Asthma continues to be the leading serious chronic illness among children, responsible for 10 million lost school days each year and costing more than $12 billion per year. Asthma is not a series of episodic events over time, but a state of airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness that has variable manifestations within a given patient and between individuals. In this first of two articles, we review the epidemiology and pathophysiology of asthma. The second part reviews diagnosis, classification of severity, and management of asthma. The Expert Panel of the National Asthma Education and Prevention Program defined asthma in its 1997 report as a “chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways in which many cells and cellular elements play a role, in particular mast cells, eosinophils, T-lymphocytes, neutrophils, and epithelial cells. In susceptible individuals, this inflammation causes recurrent episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and cough, particularly at night and in the early morning. These episodes are usually associated with widespread but variable airflow obstruction that is often reversible either spontaneously or with treatment. The inflammation also causes an associated increase in the existing bronchial hyperresponsiveness to a variety of stimuli. ” Although convoluted and a bit difficult to follow, this definition captures the chronic and inflammatory nature of asthma, its pathophysiology involving multiple cell types, and the variable nature of its manifestations. According to the National Center for Health Statistics, the prevalence of asthma in children younger than 18 years of age …