Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Factors Associated With Ari Disease in Toddlers at Desa Lumbutarombo, Banawa Selatan District, Donggala Regen

Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) is an acute infection that attacks one part and or more of the respiratory tract starting from the nose (upper tract) to alveoli (lower tract) including tissue adenexes, such as the sinuses, middle ear cavity, and pleura. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with is a disease in children under five, consisting of smoking in the house, romanization, and the use of biomass cooking fuel. This is Analytical survey research with an approach cross-sectional. This research was conducted in Desa Lumbutarombo, Banawa Selatan District, Donggala Regency in February until March 2020, with a sample of 66 respondents. The results showed that there was a correlation between smoking in a clean water supply house and ARI in children under five as evidenced by statistical tests with a p-value of 0.039 <0.05. The results showed that there was a correlation between roomization and ARI in children under five as evidenced by statistical tests with a p-value of 0.000 <0.05. The results showed that there was no correlation between the use of biomass cooking fuel and ARI in children under five as evidenced by statistical tests with a p-value of 0.275> 0.05. This is hoped that the government and health workers and the community in Lumbutarombo Village will always protect the surrounding environment and conduct health service surveys and conduct counseling so that it can reduce the risk of ARI disease.
Toward a More Comprehensive Assessment of School Age Children with Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy

Background: Cerebral palsy (CP) is the leading cause of disability in children. While motor deficits define CP, many patients experience behavioral and cognitive deficits which limit participation. The purpose of this study was to contribute to our understanding of developmental delay and how to measure these deficits among children with CP. Methods: Children 5 to 15 years with hemiplegic CP were recruited. Cognition and motor ability were assessed. The brain injury associated with observed motor deficits was identified. Accelerometers measured real-world bilateral upper extremity movement and caregivers completed behavioral assessments. Results: Eleven children participated, 6 with presumed perinatal stroke. Four children scored below average intelligence quotient while other measures of cognition were within normal limits (except processing speed). Motor scores confirmed asymmetrical deficits. Approximately one third of scores indicated deficits in attention, behavior, or depression. Conclusions: Our findings corroborate that children with CP experience challenges that are broader than motor impairment alone. Despite the variation in brain injury, all participants completed study procedures. Implications: Our findings suggest that measuring behavior in children with CP may require a more comprehensive approach and that caregivers are amenable to using online collection tools which may assist in addressing the therapeutic needs of children with CP.
Synthetic blood and blood products for combat casualty care and beyond

ABSTRACT Synthetic biology adopts an engineering design approach to create innovative treatments that are reliable, scalable, and customizable to individual patients. Interest in substitutes for allogenic blood components, primarily red blood cells and platelets, increased in the 1980s because of concerns over infectious disease transmission. However, only now, with emerging synthetic approaches, are such substitutes showing genuine promise. Affordable alternatives to donated blood would be of enormous benefit worldwide. Several approaches to replacing the oxygen-carrying function of red cells are under advanced investigation. Hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers incorporate modifications to reduce the renal toxicity and nitric oxide scavenging of free hemoglobin. While use of earlier-generation hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers may be limited to circumstances in which blood transfusion is not an option, recent advances in chemical modification of hemoglobin may eventually overcome such problems. Another approach encases hemoglobin molecules in biocompatible synthetic nanoparticles. An alternative is the ex vivo production of red cells in bioreactors, with or without genetic manipulation, that offers the potential of a universal donor product. Various strategies to manufacture synthetic platelets are also underway, ranging from simple phospholipid liposomes encapsulating adenosine diphosphate and decorated with fibrinogen fragments, to more complex capsules with multiple receptor peptide sequences. Ex vivo production of platelets in bioreactors is also possible including, for example, platelets derived from induced pluripotent stem cells that are differentiated into a megakaryocytic lineage. Prior to clinical use, trials assessing synthetic blood components must evaluate meaningful safety and effectiveness outcomes in relatively large numbers of critically ill patients. Overcoming these challenges may be as much a hurdle as product design. This article reviews the state of the science of the synthetic biology approach to developing blood component substitutes.
Compression spectrale dans les fibres optiques en présence de dispersion normale

Nous etudions numeriquement le phenomene de compression spectrale se deroulant dans une fibre optique a dispersion normale. Les conditions conduisant a une impulsion en quasi-limite de Fourier sont determinees et nous montrons que loin de degrader les performances, la presence de dispersion normale permet une amelioration significative des resultats.
Pediatricians’ Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice toward Early Childhood Caries in Tunisia

Ab s t r Ac t Background: Early Childhood Caries (ECC) constitutes a current worldwide oral health problem and pediatricians, as primary healthcare providers for children, play a critical role not only for children’s oral health promotion but also for oral health prevention. Aims and objectives: To assess the pediatrician’s knowledge about ECC and to examine the current preventive oral health-related practices among Tunisian pediatricians. Materials and methods: The study was designed as a cross-sectional study based on a structured close-ended questionnaire distributed among pediatricians working in private, general, and teaching hospitals selected from four governorates in Tunis, Tunisia. A total of 88 pediatricians participated in the study by filling out the questionnaire which was composed of three main sections; demographic characteristics, assessment of participants’ practice, knowledge, attitude about ECC, and assessment of their teaching in oral health during specialty training. Results: The sample was made up of pediatricians of both genders (73.9% females and 26.1 males), aged between 26 years and 75 years with a mean age of 45.9 ± 1.23 years. About 76% of pediatricians (76%) know ECC, and 71% of them identified bottle-feeding as a risk factor of developing ECC with a higher percentage among private practice pediatricians (p < 0.05). The majority of pediatricians (99%) discouraged breastfeeding but only 49% of them advised against bottle-feeding with a higher percentage among pediatricians practising for >15 years (p < 0.05). Although all the pediatricians (98%) believed that they had a considerable role to play in children’s oral diseases prevention, only 67% of them reported they had routinely examined the oral cavity of their young patients. A total of 53% rated the oral health content in their medical education as non-existent and deficient and 94% reported that they would like to have more oral health knowledge. Conclusion: Pediatricians should improve their knowledge of children’s oral health, and integrate it more into their daily practice. Oral health information programs should be developed for Tunisian pediatricians and included in Tunisian medical curricula and residency.
Measuring emotional music experience: Spreading activation and BRECVEMA mechanisms

Spreading activation in the cognitive network explains why music is experienced as familiar or likable. It might also be a premise for the emotion-inducing mechanisms of the BRECVEMA framework (Brain stem reflexes, Rhythmic entrainment, Evaluative conditioning, Contagion, Visual imagery, Episodic memory, Musical expectancy, Aesthetic judgment). Both perspectives constitute important aspects of music experience and are influenced by individual differences. In two studies (n = 125 and n = 153), potential indicators for spreading activation and BRECVEMA mechanisms for single instances of music listening were assessed with a new questionnaire. The results indicated that Typicality of music, Liking, and attentional Engagement underlie spreading activation. The mechanisms Evaluative conditioning and Contagion in unison (Conditioning/Contagion), as well as Visual imagery and Episodic memory could be reliably assessed. Findings revealed that (a) Engagement, Conditioning/Contagion, and Visual imagery increased with musical expertise; (b) spreading activation and mechanisms were stronger when listening to self- rather than pre-selected music; (c) sad music evoked stronger Engagement, Conditioning/Contagion, and Episodic memory when it was self-selected; (d) spreading activation and mechanisms were associated with music empathizing and systemizing and the emotion regulation strategy reappraisal; and finally, (e) regulating sadness with sad music was associated with habitual suppression and stronger Conditioning/Contagion.
From consumer to enterprise grade: How the choice of four UAS impacts point cloud quality

Uncrewed aerial systems (UAS), combined with structure‐from‐motion photogrammetry, has already proven to be very powerful for a wide range of geoscience applications and different types of UAS are used for scientific and commercial purposes. However, the impact of the UAS used on the accuracy of the point clouds derived is not fully understood, especially for the quantitative analysis of geomorphic changes in complex terrain. Therefore, in this study, we aim to quantify the magnitude of systematic and random error in digital elevation models derived from four commonly used UAS (XR6/Sony α6000, Inspire 2/X4s, Phantom 4 Pro+, Mavic Pro) following different flight patterns. The vertical error of each elevation model is evaluated through comparison with 156 GNSS reference points and the normal distribution and spatial correlation of errors are analysed. Differences in mean errors (−0.4 to −1.8 cm) for the XR6, Inspire 2 and Phantom 4 Pro are significant but not relevant for most geomorphological applications. The Mavic Pro shows lower accuracies with mean errors up to 4.3 cm, thus showing a higher influence of random errors. QQ plots revealed a deviation of errors from a normal distribution in almost all data. All UAS data except Mavic Pro exhibit a pure nugget semivariogram, suggesting spatially uncorrelated errors. Compared to the other UAS, the Mavic Pro data show trends (i.e. differences increase with distance across the survey—doming) and the range of semivariances is 10 times greater. The lower accuracy of Mavic Pro can be attributed to the lower GSD at the same flight altitude and most likely, the rolling shutter sensor has an effect on the accuracy of the camera calibration. Overall, our study shows that accuracies depend highly on the chosen data sampling strategy and that the survey design used here is not suitable for calibrating all types of UAS camera equally.
(Re)scheduling Pollution Exposure: The Case of Surgery Schedules and Patient Mortality

Many human activities can be strategically timed around forecastable natural hazards to mute their impacts. We study air pollution shock mitigation in a high-stakes healthcare setting: hospital surgery scheduling. Using newly available inpatient surgery records from a major city in China, we track post-surgery survival for over 1 million patients, and document a significant increase of hospital mortality among those who underwent surgeries on days with high particulate matter pollution. This effect has two special features. First, pollution on the surgery day, rather than exposure prior to hospitalization, before or after the surgery, is primarily explanatory of the excess mortality. Second, a small but high-risk group – elderly patients undergoing respiratory or cancer operations – bears a majority of pollution’s damages. Based on these empirical findings, we build and analyze a model of hospital surgery scheduling. For over a third of the high-risk surgeries, there exists an alternative, lower-pollution day within three days such that moving the surgery may lead to a Pareto improvement in survival. Jialin Huang National School of Development Peking University No.5 Yiheyuan Road Beijing 100871 China huangjl@pku.edu.cn Jianwei Xing National School of Development Peking University No.5 Yiheyuan Road Beijing 100871 China jerryxing@nsd.pku.edu.cn Eric Zou Department of Economics University of Oregon 1415 Kincaid Street Eugene, OR 97403 and NBER ericzou@uoregon.edu
Interactive Effect of Elevated CO2 and Moisture Stress on Anatomical Configuration in Brassica Species

Free-Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) was developed as a means to study the crops response to elevated level of CO2 under the fully open-air field conditions. In this study, results of FACE experiments are summarized by disusing the root and shoot anatomy. Result indicated that elevated Co2 significantly altered the root and shoot xylem and phloem characters such as both proto and meta xylem and phloem; vessels, character of root and shoots which are vital for the transpiration regulation, along with leaves photosynthesis as a whole. The coexistence of two ontogenetically different phloem sieve element in Brassica plant under elevated CO2 might have possibility of two different transport functions at the same time. One may be involved in supplying for the structural development (leaf size, stem girth and root volume) and other may cater the need of increased new sinks. Though these parameters were found to decrease under moisture stress condition but these impacts of stress were reduced at higher level of atmospheric CO2.
Investigating photoluminescence properties of Eu3+ doped CaWO4 nanoparticles via Bi3+ amalgamation for w-LEDs application

ABSTRACT Eu3+-doped CaWO4 nanophosphors were synthesised in series for different atomic wt% concentrations (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 5 and 10) of Bi3+ by polyol method. Their structure and morphology were characterised using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The photoluminescence properties and energy transfer from Bi3+ to Eu3+ in CaWO4:Eu3+/Bi3+ nanophosphors were also investigated. The results revealed that red luminescence of CaWO4:2Eu3+/1Bi3+ nanophosphor is 5.4 times stronger than CaWO4:2Eu3+. It was observed that the forces exist between Bi3+ and Eu3+ are due to the interaction of electric dipole-dipole interactions. The chroma of CaWO4:2Eu3+/1Bi3+ nanophosphors was calculated to be 97.40%. The energy transfer process was studied by measuring the decay curves due to Bi3+ and Eu3+ dopants. Enhanced red emission, high thermal stability, stronger 5D0 → 7F2 absorption intensity, high colour purity and decay studies indicate that CaWO4:Eu3+/Bi3+ nanophosphors are potential candidates to be used in white light-emitting diode (wLEDs).
Electronic Quenching of N(2D) by N2: Theoretical Predictions, Comparison with Experimental Rate Constants, and Impact on Atmospheric Modeling

Rate constants for the electronic quenching reaction N(2D) + N2 → N(4S) + N2 are calculated for temperatures over the range of 240 ≤ T/K ≤ 1000 using an accurate set of three global electronic potential energy surfaces for the N3 system (4A″,2A′, and 2A″). The nuclear motion is treated by running quasiclassical trajectories, incorporating spin-forbidden transitions with the trajectory surface hopping method. The exclusively theoretical results are compared with available experimental data for the reaction and contribute to clarify the discrepancies among them. The rate constants at higher temperatures achieved in the atmosphere, for which no experiments have been performed, are presented for the first time. The impact of the results in atmospheric modeling is analyzed, predicting at what altitudes this reaction will play an important role.
Platinum-Doped α-Fe2O3 for Enhanced Water Splitting Efficiency: A DFT+U Study

Hematite (α-Fe2O3) is commonly considered for converting solar energy into hydrogen fuel through water splitting. Recent experiments performed in 2013 reached a maximum efficiency in Fe2O3 photoelectrochemical cells while using platinum-doped Fe2O3. In order to understand how platinum increases efficiency, we use the density functional theory + U (DFT+U) method to model the bulk and the (0001) surface of platinum-doped Fe2O3. We also give a unique ligand field theory combined with Bader charge analysis to explain changes resulting from symmetry breaking by the dopant. First, we find that, although platinum has a lower oxidation state than usual n-type dopants, platinum donates electrons. We find a theoretical ideal doping range of 0.64–2.96 atom % for enhanced electron conductivity, which is within the optimal range obtained by previous experiments. Second, we find that the energy gap decreases upon doping, improving solar energy absorption. Third, in agreement with previous experiments, we calculate an u.
Preparation and physicochemical properties evaluation of epoxidized neem oil-based bio-lubricant

ABSTRACT Development of bio-lubricants is a major requirement today due to increased environmental pollution. Despite several advantages of bio-lubricants, very limited studies are reported due to challenges in their preparation and performance as a lubricant. In this article, the preparation of bio-lubricant based on Neem oil and evaluation of its physicochemical properties is reported. Using Neem seeds and through the process of pre-treatment, extraction, and recovery Neem oil is extracted. Later, the obtained Neem oil is epoxidized using hydrogen peroxide and formic acid. A comparative analysis of physicochemical properties of different bio-lubricants and lubricants is performed. It is found that the viscosity of these bio-lubricants and lubricants significantly decreased with increase in temperature from 40°C to 100°C. Relatively, Neem oil has lowest viscosity, synthetic oil highest, epoxidized Neem oil medium and the blended lubricants have reduced viscosity compared to Neem oil.
Defending co‐resident attack using reputation‐based virtual machine deployment policy in cloud computing

Cloud computing enables users to utilize IT resources conveniently with low‐level cost, but it also brings some new threats. The co‐resident attack is one of the typical examples, where malicious users steal information from legal users by starting a virtual machine (VM) and building a side‐channel between VMs on the same server. Most of current studies focus mainly on defending the side‐channel attack, which requires modifications to the existing underlying architecture of cloud platforms. Some studies focus on security‐aware VMs deployment policies that can defeat co‐resident attacks through reduction of co‐residences. However, most of these studies ignore workload‐balance and energy‐efficiency. In addition, they neglect that data held in different VMs should have different security levels. Motivated by these issues, in this article, we first formalize the multi‐attackers co‐resident attack problem. The co‐located VMs rate (CVR) metric is proposed to evaluate the security level in cloud and a security‐aware policy named least‐danger‐based‐on‐reputation (LDBR) is presented to minimize the metric. Also, we propose extensional LDBR (E‐LDBR) policy to balance security, workload‐balance and energy consumption, and weighted‐LDBR (W‐LDBR) policy that considers users' different security levels. Experimental results indicate that LDBR outperforms PSSF (previous‐selected‐server‐first) by 15.02%‐22.07% in security, E‐LDBR is more balanced in workload and consumes less energy consumption, and W‐LDBR can reduce security threats by 13.3% compared with PSSF.
The aggregation of the tetrasodium salt of copper phthalocyanine 4,4',4'',4'''-tetrasulphonic acid. Diffusion studies

The effect of urea and thiourea on the aggregation of copper phthalocyanine-4,4? ,4? ,4? -tetrasulphonic acid in aqueous solution has been studied using the capillary diffusion technique. The addition of excess inert electrolyte was necessary in order that the measurements were not complicated by facilitated diffusion. The extent of aggre- gation has been estimated empirically from the dependence of the diffusion coefficient on molecular weight. The significance of both the changes in diffusion coefficient and the dissociation of the dye, in relation to dyeing behaviour, is discussed.
Predefined formation‐containment control of high‐order multi‐agent systems under communication delays and switching topologies

Funding information Defense Industrial Technology Development Program, Grant/Award Number: JCKY2019601C106; Foundation Strengthening Program Technology Field Fund, Grant/Award Number: 2019-JCJQ-JJ243; Science and Technology Innovation 2030 -Key Project of "New Generation Artificial Intelligence", Grant/Award Number: 2020AAA0108200; Key Laboratory of Dependable Service Computing in Cyber Physical Society, Grant/Award Number: CPSDSC202001; Innovation Zone Project, Grant/Award Number: 18-163-00-TS-001-001-34; National Natural Science Foundation of China, Grant/Award Numbers: 61803014, 61873011, 61922008, 61973013 Abstract This paper concerns the problem of formation-containment control for general-linear multi-agent systems (MASs) with both communication delays and switching interaction topologies. On the one hand, the leaders can communicate with each other to form the desired formation and on the other, the followers need to enter the convex envelope spanned by the multiple leaders. Firstly, by using the neighbouring relative information, formation-containment protocols are designed for each leader and follower, where an edge-based state observer is incorporated into the formation-containment controller to evaluate the whole leaders’ state. Secondly, according to the linear matrix inequality technology, an algorithm is given to determine the unknown feedback matrixes in the protocol. Then, based on Lyapunov theory, the formation-containment error is proved to be convergent and formation feasibility conditions are also presented for the MASs to achieve formation-containment. Finally, a simulation on several MASs is provided to demonstrate the theoretical results.
Clinical Utility of Tumor Markers

Tumor markers comprise a wide spectrum of biomacromolecules excessively synthesized by a variety of neoplastic cells. These markers can be endogenous products of highly active metabolites from malignant neoplastic cells or the products of newly activated genes. Ideally, tumor markers should be highly sensitive, specific, and reliable with a high prognostic value and organ specificity. In addition, they should reflect the tumor stage. However, no tumor markers identified thus far have all of these characteristics. Nevertheless, most tumor markers show excellent clinical relevance for monitoring the efficacy of a variety of therapies. We herein review how to use the recommended tumor markers to diagnose malignancies, such as gastrointestinal carcinoma, liver cancer, bile duct/pancreatic cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, gynecologic cancer, and urologic cancer.