Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ultra-Wideband, Low Power, Silicon Germanium Distributed Amplifiers

As modern digital communications evolve, the requirements imposed on the systems than are required to transmit/receive the signals involved become more stringent. Amplifiers are required to provide gain from low frequencies, sometimes down to DC, up to high frequencies in the order of few to tens of gigahertz. Not only is the gainbandwidth product to be enhanced, but also the amplifier should introduce minimal distortion to the signal and consume as low power as possible. Distributed amplification is a multi-stage broadband circuit technique that may provide such a function. In distributed amplifiers, inter-stage transmission lines provide the capability to reach higher operational frequencies by absorbing the parasitic capacitances of the transistors used. Unlike other broadband topologies that trade-off gain and bandwidth, distributed amplifiers do not, but rather, the trade-off is between gain and delay. As gain stages are added, the gain increases as the bandwidth remains the same but the signal delay is increased. This work considers the silicon germanium (SiGe) heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) implementation of distributed amplifiers. SiGe HBTs incorporate a thin SiGe base with Ge profiling to achieve high cut-off frequencies. SiGe BiCMOS processes are silicon based and hence have the major advantage of integrability to the low cost CMOS process unlike ill-V compound semiconductors. Hence, SiGe is a promising technology capable of bridging the performance gap between silicon and m-v semiconductors.
Bioprocess Strategies for Vitamin B12 Production by Microbial Fermentation and Its Market Applications

Vitamin B12 is a widely used compound in the feed and food, healthcare and medical industries that can only be produced by fermentation because of the complexity of its chemical synthesis. For this reason, finding better producer strains and optimizing their bioprocesses have been the main focus of industrial producers over the last few decades. In this review, we initially provide a historical overview of vitamin B12 research and the main biosynthetic characteristics of the two microorganism families typically used for its industrial production: several strains of Propionibacterium freudenreichii and strains related to Pseudomonas denitrificans. Later, a complete summary of the current state of vitamin B12 industrial production as well as the main advances and challenges for improving it is detailed, with a special focus on bioprocess optimization, which aims not only to increase production but also sustainability. In addition, a comprehensive list of the most important and relevant patents for the present industrial strains is provided. Finally, the potential applications of vitamin B12 in different markets are discussed.
A Classification-Aware HSI Denoising Model With Neural Adversarial Network

Denoising is the representative task in hyperspectral image (HSI) processing. This letter proposes to produce a classification-driven HSI denoiser, which is capable of simultaneously reducing noise and preserving semantic-aware detail. The conditional neural adversarial network and multiple loss functions are introduced to produce visually pleasing images by enforcing an additional constraint that the denoised image must be indistinguishable from its corresponding ground-truth clean image. Experiments are performed on hyperspectral remote sensing images containing both the simulated hybrid noise and real noise. The results show that the proposed model outperforms many state-of-the-art denoising methods for HSIs.
DRUG INDUCED DIABETES

Several Epidemiological studies have suggested that rate of development of diabetes mellitus consequent to taking diverse types of medication is increasing now a days. Several medications have been found to be associated with causation of diabetes. Various pharmacological medications which are commonly used in clinical practice are found to affect glucose homeostasis and interfere with the balance between various hormones like insulin, glucagon, catecholamines, growth hormone, and cortisol. Mechanism for the diabetes caused due to medications is associated with a reduction in insulin production, some with reduction in insulin sensitivity, and some appear to be associated with reduction in insulin production along with the insulin sensitivity. It is very difficult to establish a precise cause and effect relationship between a medication and development of diabetes. Various clinical studies of medications typically concentrate on evaluation of effectiveness and are not powered to evaluate side effects. Several covariant such as the weight gain associated with medication such as steroids or antipsychotics also make it difficult to find that whether the development of diabetes was a primary or secondary effect of the medication. Mechanisms for the causations of diabetes have been linked with range from decreased insulin secretion to decreased insulin action to direct neural effects. Stopping or switching medication is considered as the first step in treating the drug induced diabetes. While the information to support many of the consensus recommendations for treatment drug -induced diabetes is lacking. To establish the optimal therapy for Drug induced diabetes, it is quite essential to understand the potential mechanism which interrupts the metabolism of carbohydrates. Keywords: Diabetes, insulin sensitivity, glucose homeostasis, medication-induced diabetes, optimal therapy.
Some existence problems regarding partial Latin squares

Latin squares are interesting combinatorial objects with many applications. When working with Latin squares, one is sometimes led to deal with partial Latin squares, a generalization of Latin squares. One of the problems regarding partial Latin square and with applications to Latin squares is whether a partial Latin square with a given set of conditions exists. The goal of this article is to introduce some problems of this kind and answer some existence questions regarding partial Latin squares
Modeling Effects of Forward Glance Durations on Latent Hazard Detection

Performance of in-vehicle, secondary tasks requires a driver to alternate his or her glances between the inside of the vehicle and the forward roadway. While previous research has shown that thresholds of off-road and durations are critical to latent hazard detection, there has been no research to predict the probability of hazard detection in a time series considering all possible forward glance durations. To determine the minimum forward roadway duration to adequately anticipate hazards, 45 drivers were asked to navigate eight unique virtual scenarios on a driving simulator while alternating their glances inside (2s) and outside (1s, 2s, 3s, or 4s) the vehicle in a uniform sequence (consistent on-road and off-road durations). A microbenchmark approach based on Hidden Markov models is explored to infer the transition probability of hazard detection that changes dynamically between the detection and nondetection stages. The model is cross validated and demonstrated to be accurate and robust. Three characteristics of total sequence time were tested in the model. Using the ground truth transition probability from fixed duration, the probability of hazard detection with variable duration within an alternation sequence was computed. Across nonuniform alternation sequences, different permutations of sequences show that a short time series of alternation (10s) of glance behavior is sufficient for hazard detection (greater than 50.0%). Appropriate countermeasures can be developed to increase a driver’s forward glance duration whenever the detection probability is predicted low.
Use of Germicidal UV Light to Suppress Grapevine Diseases and Arthropod Pests

Global winegrape production is based on production of Vitis vinifera, a host species comprised of cultivars that are highly susceptible to infection by E. necator, as well as several other fungal and oomycete pathogens. Fungicidal suppression of grapevine powdery mildew is especially problematic. Resistance to several fungicide classes is widespread. Many viticultural regions are within Mediterranean climates, with little rainfall during the crop production season. This creates an environment where powdery mildew predominates as a principal threat to healthy fruit and foliage. Availability of a non-fungicidal option for suppression of powdery mildew is therefore highly desired by the grape and wine industry. Nighttime applications of ultraviolet light in the UV-C bandwidth have shown a high degree of suppression of powdery mildews of several hosts. Our objectives were to (i) determine if nighttime UV-C applications can suppress grapevine powdery mildew; (ii) to determine if these UV-C application affect vine growth, yield, or crop quality; and (iii) determine if applications targeting powdery mildew suppress other pests or diseases of grapevine. Preliminary reports of this work have been published (Gadoury et al 1992, Gadoury 2019, Gadoury 2021).
Elevated Salinity Rapidly Confers Cross-Tolerance to High Temperature in a Splash-Pool Copepod

Synopsis Accurate forecasting of organismal responses to climate change requires a deep mechanistic understanding of how physiology responds to present-day variation in the physical environment. However, the road to physiological enlightenment is fraught with complications: predictable environmental fluctuations of any single factor are often accompanied by substantial stochastic variation and rare extreme events, and several factors may interact to affect physiology. Lacking sufficient knowledge of temporal patterns of co-variation in multiple environmental stressors, biologists struggle to design and implement realistic and relevant laboratory experiments. In this study, we directly address these issues, using measurements of the thermal tolerance of freshly collected animals and long-term field records of environmental conditions to explore how the splash-pool copepod Tigriopus californicus adjusts its physiology as its environment changes. Salinity and daily maximum temperature—two dominant environmental stressors experienced by T. californicus—are extraordinarily variable and unpredictable more than 2–3 days in advance. However, they substantially co-vary such that when temperature is high salinity is also likely to be high. Copepods appear to take advantage of this correlation: median lethal temperature of field-collected copepods increases by 7.5°C over a roughly 120 parts-per-thousand range of ambient salinity. Complementary laboratory experiments show that exposure to a single sublethal thermal event or to an abrupt shift in salinity also elicits rapid augmentation of heat tolerance via physiological plasticity, although the effect of salinity dwarfs that of temperature. These results suggest that T. californicus’s physiology keeps pace with the rapid, unpredictable fluctuations of its hypervariable physical environment by responding to the cues provided by recent sublethal stress and, more importantly, by leveraging the mechanistic cross-talk between responses to salinity and heat stress.
DEVELOPMENT OF AUGMENTED REALITY PORTAL FOR MEDICININAL PLANTS INTRODUCTION

Augmented Reality Portal application of Human Herbal Medicinal Plants, it can be concluded that the AR portal application aims to visualize medicinal plants and as a means of knowledge and insight for the general public. That is by utilizing the sophistication of Augmented Reality Portal-based technology that can be accessed using an Android smartphone. The Augmented Reality Portal application of Medicinal Plants in the Insani Herbal Garden has been carried out in the trial phase, the results of the Structural Test show that the system is well structured, the results of the Functional Test show that every button on the system has functioned properly and the Validation Test includes distance testing with maximum results for objects to detect sound, which is 90 cm, slope trials with a distance of 90 cm, maximum results at 45 degrees with a time of 00.66 seconds, light level trials with object detection results faster when the sun is direct with time of 1 second, and testing the android specifications shows that the minimum operating system is android nougat 7.0 and supports AR Core.
Research progress on improving the quality of lithium batteries

Lithium metal has good specific capacity and low reduction potential, and is one of the most favourable battery cathode materials. However, some problems still exist. For example, lithium may react with the electrolyte to cause short circuits, its ionic conductivity may not meet people's expectations, and its dendrite and unstable electrolyte interface will have security problems, so it can not be widely used. In order to make better use of the characteristics of the battery and avoid the shortages of the battery, this article will introduce four methods to improve the quality of the battery according to four different articles. The main ideas of the four articles are proposing a special upright structure using in the coiled Li anode, demonstrating a sol−gel based synthesis procedure that makes the templating agent by using a block copolymer and a homo-polymer as the extra carbon source, producing solid-state polymer electrolytes that keep conformal interfacial intercourse with the whole cell constituents and keeping an eye on the air-stable LixSiSy protection layer that using a solution-based method to form in situ on the face of the lithium. By proposing various new methods, we can find out the relationship between them and make good use of their advantages to help explore more whole batteries. Therefore, this paper will provide novel and useful solutions to battery problems, so that people can learn more about lithium metal batteries.
Pomegranate Oil’s Potential as an Anti-Obesity Ingredient

In recent years, pomegranate oil has obtained more attention due to its content of conjugated linolenic acids and possible application in the prevention of many diseases. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the potential ability of pomegranate oil to modulate obesity-related metabolism and immune response using in vitro models. In this regard, pomegranate oil was characterized in terms of fatty acids profile, tocopherols and phytosterols, and antioxidant capacity. After evaluation of the safety profile, pomegranate oil’s capacity to modulate obesity-related metabolism was evaluated through adipolysis and adipokines secretion quantification in 3T3-L1 differentiated adipocytes and hepatic lipid accumulation assay in Hep G2 hepatocytes. The immunomodulatory activity was evaluated in Caco-2 cells by quantification of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α. This oil showed high antioxidant capacity and was mainly composed of conjugated fatty acid, namely punicic acid. Its chemical composition was responsible for its capacity to reduce the lipid accumulation in Hep G2 cells and 3T3-L1 differentiated adipocytes. In short, pomegranate oil shows great potential for the development of functional foods and nutraceuticals targeting obesity.
Body and peripersonal space representations in chronic stroke patients with upper limb motor deficits

Abstract The continuous stream of multisensory information between the brain and the body during body–environment interactions is crucial to maintain the updated representation of the perceived dimensions of body parts (metric body representation) and the space around the body (the peripersonal space). Such flow of multisensory signals is often limited by upper limb sensorimotor deficits after stroke. This would suggest the presence of systematic distortions of metric body representation and peripersonal space in chronic patients with persistent sensorimotor deficits. We assessed metric body representation and peripersonal space representation in 60 chronic stroke patients with unilateral upper limb motor deficits, in comparison with age-matched healthy controls. We also administered a questionnaire capturing explicit feelings towards the affected limb. These novel measures were analysed with respect to patients’ clinical profiles and brain lesions to investigate the neural and functional origin of putative deficits. Stroke patients showed distortions in metric body representation of the affected limb, characterized by an underestimation of the arm length and an alteration of the arm global shape. A descriptive lesion analysis (subtraction analysis) suggests that these distortions may be more frequently associated with lesions involving the superior corona radiata and the superior frontal gyrus. Peripersonal space representation was also altered, with reduced multisensory facilitation for stimuli presented around the affected limb. These deficits were more common in patients reporting pain during motion. Explorative lesion analyses (subtraction analysis, disconnection maps) suggest that the peripersonal space distortions would be more frequently associated with lesions involving the parietal operculum and white matter frontoparietal connections. Moreover, patients reported altered feelings towards the affected limb, which were associated with right brain damage, proprioceptive deficits and a lower cognitive profile. These results reveal implicit and explicit distortions involving metric body representation, peripersonal space representation and the perception of the affected limb in chronic stroke patients. These findings might have important clinical implications for the longitudinal monitoring and the treatments of often-neglected deficits in body perception and representation.
Post-Newtonian smoothed particle hydrodynamics calculations of binary neutron star coalescence. II. Binary mass ratio, equation of state, and spin dependence

Using our new post-Newtonian SPH ~smoothed particle hydrodynamics! code, we study the final coalescence and merging of neutron star ~NS! binaries. We vary the stiffness of the equation of state ~EOS! as well as the initial binary mass ratio and stellar spins. Results are compared to those of Newtonian calculations, with and without the inclusion of the gravitational radiation reaction. We find a much steeper decrease in the gravity wave peak strain and luminosity with decreasing mass ratio than would be predicted by simple point-mass formulas. For a NS with a softer EOS ~which we model as simple G52 polytropes! we find a stronger gravity wave emission, with a different morphology than for a stiffer EOS ~modeled as G53 polytropes as in our previous work! We also calculate the coalescence of NS binaries with an irrotational initial condition, and find that the gravity wave signal is relatively suppressed compared to the synchronized case, but shows a very significant second peak of emission. Mass shedding is also greatly reduced, and occurs via a different mechanism than in the synchronized case. We discuss the implications of our results for gravity wave astronomy with laser interferometers such as LIGO and for theoretical models of gamma-ray bursts ~GRBs! based on NS mergers.
The impact of timber harvesting on nest site availability for the Cape Parrot Poicephalus robustus in native Southern Mistbelt forests of the Eastern Cape, South Africa

Summary The Amathole mistbelt forests in the Eastern Cape, South Africa harbour the largest remnant population of the nationally endangered endemic Cape Parrot Poicephalus robustus, a secondary-cavity nester whose persistence is limited by suitable nest sites. These are also the only forests within Cape Parrot range in which selective timber harvesting remains permitted, but the impact of harvesting on the availability of parrot nest sites has not been investigated. This study aimed to determine the degree to which current harvest selection criteria stand to impact nest site availability. Results showed that Cape Parrots have specific nest tree requirements; and that there is overlap in the species and condition of trees selected for nesting, and harvesting. The two yellowwood species found in the region, Afrocarpus falcatus and Podocarpus latifolius, represented the majority of both harvested trees (78%), and Cape Parrot nest trees (79%). Moreover, both Cape Parrot and harvest selection criteria require large (≥50 cm diameter at breast height; ≥12 m high), old, dead, dying, or crown-damaged yellowwoods, such that 32% of trees considered potential nest trees were also candidates for harvesting. Current selection criteria need to be revised to ensure that timber use is compatible with biodiversity conservation in the Amathole forests. We suggest that all harvesting of dead standing yellowwoods be discontinued; and that the harvesting of live trees with crown damage, which are frequently used by parrots for nesting, be limited by a species-specific maximum harvestable diameter.
Wideband multiple phase shift quad feed network for polarization reconfigurable antennas

ABSTRACT Design and analysis of a microwave passive network providing multiple phase difference of 0°, 90°, 180° and 270° within broadband 2.6 GHz to 4.0 GHz is proposed and experimentally verified. The network consists of a wideband microstrip balun, two double coupled line 90° phase shifters and three Wilkinson power dividers. The device has −10 dB impedance bandwidth of 42% and its insertion loss varies from 7.55 dB to 7.86 dB within the band. The measured amplitude and phase imbalance between four output ports are within 0.3 dB and ±6° respectively over the required band. The measured isolation among different output ports of the device are below −15 dB. The broadband multiple phase shifting characteristic with equal amplitude value, simple microstrip design technique make the device suitable for polarization agile antennas and an alternative over existing single phase shifters used in many wireless systems.
Eyelid Warming Devices: Safety, Efficacy, and Place in Therapy

Abstract Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) is characterized by the obstruction and/or inflammation of the meibomian glands that result in decreased and altered meibum secretion. This results in deficiencies in the tear film lipid layer which contributes to increased evaporation and destabilization of the tear film. One of the mainstay therapies for MGD is medical devices that apply heat and/or pressure to the eyelids and promote the liquification and outflow of meibum into the tear film. Over the past two decades, there have been a surge of interest in diagnosing and managing MGD. As a result, numerous medical devices have been developed and each have their own unique approach to treating MGD. This narrative review was conducted to summarize the current state of knowledge on eyelid warming devices, specifically warm eye coverings, devices that direct heat and/or pressure to the eyelids, moisture chamber goggles, and light-based therapy. This review summarized 58 human clinical studies and found that most eyelid warming devices were efficacious in improving signs and symptoms in a wide range of MGD severities and were generally safe to use.