Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Displacement Solution of Salt Cavern with Shear Dilatation Behavior Based on Hoek-Brown Strength Criterion

In this study, an analytical solution of stress, strain, and displacement, in the elastic and plastic zone is proposed. The solution is derived on the basis of ideal elastoplastic mechanical model of spherical salt cavern with shear dilatation behavior, by adopting Hoek-Brown (H-B) criterion. The solution obtains not only in small and large strain stage but also in creep stage. The proposed solution is validated, by comparison of the obtained results with numerical results in FLAC3D. The results indicate that the result obtained adopting the H-B criterion is closer to that one obtained adopting the Mohr-Coulomb (M-C). The H-B criterion is more applicable for the salt cavern construction as it considers the structural characteristics of the rock salt formation. The displacement difference obtained by two different methods decreases with the increase of GSI or running pressure, but it increases with the enlarged angle of dilation. The influence of different assumptions of elastic strain of plastic zone on displacements is more significant under large strain conditions. The influence of the angle of dilation on displacements is more obvious when the elastic strain of plastic zone is given to stationary values, and the influence degree increases with the enlarged angle of dilation. Under the same conditions, the creep displacement decreases with the increase of GSI, and both the creep displacement and the effect degree enhance with the enlarged dilation angle. The proposed solutions can be used in the stability analysis of surrounding rock in the construction and operation of salt cavern storage.
An unusual case of nasopalatine cyst in Brazilian population

The nasopalatine duct cyst (NPDC) is the most common non-odontogenic cyst typically found in middle-aged Caucasian female in Brazil, however the present report describes a case in a 35 year-old black male. NPDC are usually asymptomatic and are discovered incidentally during routine radiological examination. A cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is a valuable tool to localize a cyst within the nasopalatine canal. CBCT enables analysis of the dimension of the NPDC, analysis of the involvement of neighboring anatomical structures and assists in treatment planning. The authors at this case highlight the importance of clinical examination with an unbiased view of age, gender and ethnicity. Descriptors: Nonodontogenic cysts; Cysts/diagnosis; Cysts/radiography; Cone-beam computed tomography; Nose diseases/diagnosis
Vernacular cinema, self-concept and the perceptual–conceptual shift: exploring conversations between film education and developmental psychology

Co-authored by film education practitioners and developmental psychologists, this article seeks to establish an interdisciplinary dialogue between the emergent discourses of film education and developmental psychology. In particular, it explores the possible implications for our understandings of film education of recent psychological research into: (1) the cognitive and social consequences for young people of developing a sense of self; and (2) understandings of children’s development of visual cognition. Seeking areas of commonality and mutual resonance between different disciplinary vocabularies and methodologies, ultimately we present a series of proposals for how film education may benefit from further interface with developmental psychology.
Investigation of the potential of Brevibacillus spp. for the biosynthesis of nonribosomally produced bioactive compounds by combination of genome mining with MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry

The biosynthetic potential of 11 Brevibacillus spp. strains was investigated by combination of genome mining with mass spectrometric analysis using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. These endophytic, plant associated Brevibacillus strains were isolated from crop plants, such as coffee and black pepper, in Vietnam. Draft genomes of these strains were available. They were classified (a) by comparison with type strains and a collection of genome-sequenced Brevibacillus spp. deposited in the NCBI data base as well as (b) by construction of a phylogenetic tree from the core sequences of publicly available genomes of Brevibacillus strains. They were identified as Brevibacillus brevis (1 strain); parabrevis (2 strains); porteri (3 strains); and 5 novel Brevibacillus genomospecies. Our work was specifically focused on the detection and characterization of nonribosomal peptides produced by these strains. Structural characterization of these compounds was performed by LIFT-MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometric sequence analysis. The highlights of our work were the demonstration of the tyrocidines, a well-known family of cyclodecapeptides of great structural variability, as the main products of all investigated strains and the identification of a novel class of pentapeptides produced by B. brevis; B. schisleri; and B. porteri which we designate as brevipentins. Our biosynthetic studies demonstrate that knowledge of their biosynthetic capacity can efficiently assist classification of Brevibacillus species.
New Developments in Geographical Information Technology for Urban and Spatial Planning

Measuring urban form, modelling 3D point clouds and visualizing data within an (augmented) mixed reality environment through mobile devices are three of the new developments in Geographical Information Technology for urban and spatial planning. New geographical information technology supports data representation for urban and spatial planning. This chapter has two main objectives: (i) to demonstrate that geographical information technology supports every stage of urban and spatial planning
Altered Vitamin D Status and Bone Mineral Density in Obese and Non-obese Patients With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study in Turkey

Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinological disease in women of reproductive age. In addition to providing the basis for comorbidities such as metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, it also affects bone metabolism. This study aimed to determine whether there is a relationship between bone mineral density (BMD), vitamin D status, insulin resistance, sex hormones, and calcium metabolism disorders in women with PCOS. Methodology Fifty-six non-obese women with PCOS, 67 obese women with PCOS, and 45 normal weight controls participated in the study. Circulating levels of gonadotropins, estradiol, prolactin, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, total testosterone, thyroid stimulating hormone, sex hormone-binding globulin, insulin, glucose, and calcium metabolism parameters were assessed. We used the Homeostatic Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance Index to detect insulin resistance. BMD values in the various body regions were measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry. Results Women with PCOS had significantly lower vitamin D values and lumbar spine BMD than controls (p <0.001 and p <0.05, respectively). Among the patients with PCOS subgroups, vitamin D deficiency (VDD) was more frequent in obese PCOS patients (67.1%) than in non-obese patients (58.9%). We found significantly lower BMD at all sites only in the subgroup of the non-obese PCOS women than in controls (p <0.001). Conclusions VDD is prevalent in PCOS women in those with obesity and hyperandrogenemia. Non-obese PCOS women have significantly lower BMD measurements than healthy controls, but obese PCOS women have BMD values comparable with normal-weight eumenorrheic controls. Body mass index is the most important factor determining BMD in women with PCOS.
Human-Centric AI: Understanding and Enhancing Collaboration between Humans and Intelligent Systems

This research explores the field of human-centered AI cooperation to learn more about its dynamics, ethical issues, and design principles that put the user first. Our study analyzes cross-sector cooperation using a mixed-methods approach that combines qualitative analysis and empirical case studies, coinciding with the idea of "cobotics (collaborative robotics). " Transparency in ethics becomes a crucial issue, reflecting the development of the AI ethical debate. Quantitative measurements show how AI has the power to revolutionize businesses by improving accuracy, effectiveness, and user engagement. To capture changing dynamics and broaden the boundaries of collaboration, we advise longitudinal studies and multidisciplinary research. Our research essentially emphasizes the mutually beneficial interaction between people and AI, paving the path for technology that places a high priority on user values and ethical integrity.
Unveiling FOS as a Potential Diagnostic Biomarker and Emetine as a Prospective Therapeutic Agent for Diabetic Nephropathy

Background Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the primary causes of end-stage renal disease, yet effective therapeutic targets remain elusive. This study aims to identify novel diagnostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic candidates for DN. Methods Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in GSE96804 and GSE142025 were identified and functional enrichment analysis was performed. Diagnostic biomarkers were selected using machine learning algorithms and evaluated by Receiver Operating Characteristic analysis. c-Fos expression was validated in an established DN mouse model. Immune infiltration levels were assessed with Single-Sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis. Co-expression analysis revealed regulatory relationships involving FOS. cMAP predicted potential therapeutic candidates. Transcriptome sequencing and experiments in RAW264.7 cells was performed to investigate molecular mechanisms of emetine. Results In both datasets, we identified 44 upregulated and 74 downregulated DEGs involved in focal adhesion, ECM-receptor interaction, and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. FOS emerged as a robust diagnostic marker with decreased expression in DN patients and DN mouse. Co-expression analysis revealed potential regulatory mechanisms of FOS, implicating the MAPK signaling pathway, regulation of cell proliferation and apoptotic signaling pathways. Immune dysregulation was observed in DN patients. Notably, emetine was identified as a potential therapeutic candidate. Transcriptome sequencing and experimental validation demonstrated emetine suppressed M1 macrophage polarization by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway, as well as reducing the expression of Il-18 and Ccl5. Conclusion In conclusion, our study identified FOS as a promising diagnostic biomarker and emetine as a potential therapeutic candidate for DN. These findings enhance our understanding of DN pathogenesis and present novel prospects for therapeutic strategies.
The effects of hydroxychloroquine-induced oxidative stress on fracture healing in an experimental rat model

Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate whether hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) sulfate causes oxidative stress (OS) and its effect on fracture healing in an experimental rat model. Materials and methods In this experimental study, open diaphyseal femur fractures were induced in 24 eight-week-old male rats (mean weight: 225±25 g; range, 200 to 250 g) and then fixed with K-wire. The rats were divided into four groups: HCQ-2, control-2 (C-2), HCQ-4, and control-4 (C-4). During the study period, rats in the HCQ groups received an HCQ solution (160 mg/kg/day), whereas rats in the control groups received saline. The HCQ-2 and C-2 groups were sacrificed on the 14th day, and the HCQ-4 and C-4 groups were sacrificed on the 28th day. After sacrifice, malondialdehyde levels induced by OS were calculated for each rat, and fracture healing was evaluated radiographically, histomorphometrically, histopathologically, and immunohistochemically. Results Malondialdehyde levels were higher in the HCQ groups than in the control groups (p<0.05). Hydroxychloroquine caused OS in rats. The ratio of total callus diameter to femur bone diameter was lower in HCQ groups compared to control groups (p<0.05). No differences were observed when comparing radiological and histological healing results between the control and HCQ groups. Alkaline phosphatase levels were lower in the HCQ-4 group than the C-4 group at week four (p<0.05), although osteocalcin and osteopontin levels did not differ between groups (p>0.05). Oxidative stress had no adverse effects on histologic healing outcomes and osteoblast functions. Cathepsin K and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-5b levels were higher in the HCQ-4 group than in the C-4 group (p<0.05). While the number and function of osteoclasts increased due to OS in callus tissue, a decrease in the number of chondrocytes was observed. Conclusion Hydroxychloroquine-induced OS increases the number and function of osteoclasts and decreases the number of hypertrophic chondrocytes and endochondral ossification but has no significant effect on mid-late osteoblast products and histological fracture healing scores.
A Database of Hourly Atmospheric Concentrations of Radiocesium (134Cs and 137Cs) in Suspended Particulate Matter Collected in March 2011 at 99 Air Pollution Monitoring Stations in Eastern Japan

Published on Web 11/16/2015 In the original version of TABLE 1, TABLE 2, and Appendix A in this article, there were some incorrect expressions. The corrected expressions are listed in the following table; Erratum to: A Database of Hourly Atmospheric Concentrations of Radiocesium (134Cs and 137Cs) in Suspended Particulate Matter Collected in March 2011 at 99 Air Pollution Monitoring Stations in Eastern Japan
Genomes of nine biofilm-forming filamentous strains of Cyanobacteria (genera Jaaginema, Scytonema, and Karukerafilum gen. nov.) isolated from mangrove habitats of Guadeloupe (Lesser Antilles)

Abstract Biofilm-forming cyanobacteria are abundant in mangrove ecosystems, colonizing various niches including sediment surface and periphyton where they can cover large areas, yet have received limited attention. Several filamentous isolates were recently isolated from Guadeloupe, illustrating the diversity and novelty present in these biofilms. In this study, nine strains belonging to three novel lineages found abundantly in Guadeloupe biofilms are characterized by genome sequencing, morphological and ultrastructural examination, metabolome fingerprinting and searched for secondary metabolites biosynthesis pathways. Assignation of two lineages to known genera is confirmed, namely Scytonema and Jaaginema. The third lineage corresponds to a new Coleofasciculales genus herein described as Karukerafilum gen. nov. The four strains belonging to this genus group into two subclades, one of which displays genes necessary for nitrogen fixation as well as the complete pathway for geosmin production. This study gives new insights into the diversity of mangrove biofilm-forming cyanobacteria, including genome-based description of a new genus and the first genome sequence available for the genus Jaaginema.
Bilateral Adult-Onset Orbital Xanthogranuloma: A Case Report

Abstract Adult-onset xanthogranuloma (AOX) is one of the four rare syndromes collectively referred to as adult xanthogranulomatous disease (AXD). It primarily occurs in the orbit and ocular adnexa and displays distinctive histopathological features, characterized by the infiltration of non-Langerhans-derived foam-like histiocytes and Touton giant cells. The presence of diffuse yellow plaques on the eyelids serves as a highly indicative feature. In this report, we present a compelling case of bilateral periorbital AOX. Initially, the patient received a diagnosis of necrotizing xanthogranuloma (NBX) and underwent treatment with dapsone, which yielded a poor response. Subsequently, through repeated biopsy, immunoprotein electrophoresis, and high-throughput sequencing, the diagnosis was revised to AOX. Subsequently, the patient’s treatment was modified to include oral hormone therapy, and no further progression of the periorbital plaque was observed. Notably, the patient’s sister was diagnosed with xanthelasma palpebrarum (XP), suggesting a potential genetic association between AOX and XP. Unfortunately, the sister declined further histologic examination and genetic sequencing of her skin lesions, impeding the acquisition of additional evidence regarding the genetic link between these two disorders. Despite the divergent pathological features, pathogenesis, and clinical presentation of AOX and xanthelasma palbrarum, clinicians should remain cognizant of the plausible genetic correlation between these two conditions and pursue further investigations when feasible.
Effect of various factors influencing the generation of hemispherical micro features using non-conformal RMEDM

Abstract Non-conformal reverse micro electrical discharge machining (NC-RMEDM) is a variant of conventional RMEDM developed by the present authors wherein modification in the tool is carried out to generate different shapes of micro features. In this study, the effect of various factors like flat bottom and taper bottom hole, inversing the position of tool and workpiece and changing the hole depth have been experimentally investigated to determine the optimal combination required for generating hemispherical shaped micro features. It was found that hemispherical shaped micro feature can be generated by employing tapered bottom blind hole as tool. Buoyancy assisted machining (BAM) with traverse of workpiece (anode) downwards into the tool (cathode) and vice versa, i.e., buoyancy opposed machining (BOM) with traverse of tool downwards into the workpiece were carried out to study the generation of hemispherical micro feature based on inversion of electrode positions. Although both BAM and BOM generated hemispherical shaped feature, BAM is preferred due to reduced machining time as opposed to BOM. Also, increasing the hole depths led to altering the shape of micro feature from hemispherical to cylindrical with hemispherical end and coni-spherical end. An array of hemispherical micro features was fabricated based on the finding from this study, and surface roughness analysis was carried out which showed that irrespective of the position of micro feature on the array, surface roughness at the tip and base of the micro feature is lower as compared to side portion.
Studying the Effects of Annealing on the Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Ultrasonic Vibration Welds

The impact of heat treatment on the mechanical characteristics and microstructure of an ultrasonic vibration metal inert gas (MIG) weld is examined in this study. The findings show that the heat treatment method has a significant influence on the mechanical characteristics and structure of the welding specimens. The annealing will increase the grains’ size, thereby reducing the hardness and increasing the ductility of the joint. Due to the impact of ultrasonic during welding, the microstructure in fusion zone of both annealed and non-annealed specimens showed small and fine grain structure (with the grain size being measured at less than 40µm). The result also demonstrates that during annealing, the carbon tended to diffuse from the area of high density to the region of low density, resulting in a reduction in hardness compared to the initial sample. Also, it was discovered that elements that lower weld strength (such as the irregularity of the grain structure and the dendritic structure produced by metal crystallization) significantly decreased.
Impact of rapid urbanization and climate change on agricultural productivity in africa: Climate change policies in the agricultural sector

Africa continues to experience serious signs of multiple crises in the context of sustainability. These crises include vulnerability to climate change, rapid urbanization, food insecurity, and many others. One crisis, that defines Africa today, is the unprecedented rapid urbanization which continues to pose a big challenge to the diminishing available resources, environmental quality and human well-being. Cities in Africa continue to experience a fast horizontal growth of settlements due to influx of people from rural areas who often settle in the economically lowest segments in urban areas. This horizontal rapid growth has eaten up land set for agriculture around cities and promoted the rapid growth of informal settlements exacerbating the impacts of climate change leading to a negative impact on agricultural production. Policies linking rapid urbanization and climate change with agricultural productivity are need. This paper explores and documents the impact of rapid urbanization on climate change policies and subsequent impact on agriculture in Africa. Mutisya Emmanuel University of Tokyo, Japan Lilian Muasa University of Tokyo, Japan Chiahsin Chen University of Tokyo, Japan Florence Mutisya London South Bank University, UK Ram Avtar United Nations University, Japan
IN SITU NEUTRALIZATION OF ACIDIC PIT LAKES: PROCESSES IN THE SEDIMENT AND LIMITING FACTORS

A strategy to neutralize acidic pit lakes was tested in a field mesocosm of 4500 m 3 volume in the Acidic Pit Mine Lake 111 in Germany. After addition of the substrates Carbokalk and straw a neutral sediment layer formed, in which microbial sulphate and iron reduction as well as sulphide precipitation occurred. The neutralisation rate was limited by the precipitation of iron sulphides rather than by microbial reactions. Oxidation of H2S by ferric iron in the anoxic sediment lowered the net sulphate reduction rate. During the experiment precipitation of ferric minerals formed an acidic sediment layer at the sediment surface. In that layer sulphides did not precipitate, but H2S diffused into the overlying water where it was oxidised.