Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Investment Value of the Aviation Industry

COVID-19 claimed thousands of lives worldwide and put food systems, public health, and the workplace in grave danger. Airline stock losses indicate industry-wide damage. We compared two large government-owned airlines to two smaller for-profit airlines over five years. A case study examined how online reviews have affected Chinese tourism. Investors in the hotel industry made losses during the pandemic. This study analyzed the operational status of Air China, China Eastern Airlines, China Southern Airlines, Juneyao Airlines, and Spring Airlines. This was done to assess COVID 19's impact on the Chinese airline industry. The results show that the pandemic affected aviation.
EVALUATION OF COMMUNITY PHARMACIST INTERVENTIONS IN DIABETES AND BLOOD PRESSURE MANAGEMENT

Background: The pharmacist community played a significant role in serving the nation for many years. The total number of registered pharmacists by the provincial pharmacy council is 23029. The role of pharmacists and their services is unrecognized by society. Aims: The intention of this clinical project is to create awareness among the population regarding the pharmacist's role in improving the health of the patients and disease management. The aim is to highlight the importance of pharmacists among patients regarding their medication therapy and lifestyle modification to provide clear evidence of health gain. Methodology: It is a non-experimental based questionnaire study which is performed in community pharmacy and medical stores of Lahore, Islamabad, Gujranwala and Sargodha. Most of the people in Pakistan visit medical stores for the grant of medication without pharmacist advice in rural areas of Punjab Pakistan. But in big cities such as Lahore, Islamabad people visit pharmacies for grant of their medication and in some pharmacies pharmacist counsel the patient regarding their medication and visit a pharmacist are more satisfied and feel improvement in their condition. Results: Patients were divided in two group, one who visited medical store and other who went to pharmacy. We are interested in patients who are visiting the pharmacy and getting the various type of benefits from the presence of pharmacist. Conclusion Diabetes and hypertension are two major chronic diseases and spread widely across the world including Pakistan. In the management of diabetes and hypertension pharmacist interventions are beneficial and literature study provide evidence of it. People who visit a pharmacy also get economic benefit as pharmacist also offer alternatives which costs lesser.
What are we learning from the relative orientation between density structures and the magnetic field in molecular clouds

We investigate the conditions of ideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence responsible for the relative orientation between density structures, characterized by their gradient, $\vec{\nabla}\rho$, and the magnetic field, $\vec{B}$, in molecular clouds (MCs). For that purpose, we construct an expression for the time evolution of the angle, $\phi$, between $\vec{\nabla}\rho$ and $\vec{B}$ based on the transport equations of MHD turbulence. Using this expression, we find that the configuration where $\vec{\nabla}\rho$ and $\vec{B}$ are mostly parallel, $\cos\phi=1$, and where $\vec{\nabla}\rho$ and $\vec{B}$ are mostly perpendicular, $\cos\phi=0$, constitute attractors, that is, the system tends to evolve towards either of these configurations and they are more represented than others. This fact would explain the predominant alignment or anti-alignment between column density, $N_H$, structures and the projected magnetic field orientation, $\hat{B}_\perp$, reported in observations. Additionally, we find that departures from the $\cos\phi=0$ configurations are related to convergent flows, quantified by the divergence of the velocity field, $\vec{\nabla}\cdot\vec{v}$, in the presence of a relatively strong magnetic field. This would explain the observed change in relative orientation between $N_H$-structures and $\hat{B}_\perp$ towards MCs, from mostly parallel at low $N_H$ to mostly perpendicular at the highest $N_H$, as the result of the gravitational collapse and/or convergence of flows. Finally, we show that the density threshold that marks the observed change in relative orientation towards MCs, from $N_H$ and $\hat{B}_\perp$ being mostly parallel at low $N_H$ to mostly perpendicular at the highest $N_H$, is related to the magnetic field strength and constitutes a crucial piece of information for determining the role of the magnetic field in the dynamics of MCs.
Has the Optical Extragalactic Background Light Been Detected?

A critical discussion is presented of the data analysis applied by Bernstein, Freedman, & Madore in 2002 to their measurement of the extragalactic background light. There are questionable assumptions in the analysis of the ground-based observations of the zodiacal light. The modeling of the diffuse Galactic light is based on an underestimated value of the dust column density along the line of sight. Comparison with the previously presented results from the same observations reveals a puzzling situation: in spite of a large difference in the atmospheric scattered-light corrections, the derived extragalactic background light values are exactly the same. The claim of the paper of a "detection of the extragalactic background light" appears premature.
A New Method to Test the Einstein’s Weak Equivalence Principle

The Einstein’s weak equivalence principle (WEP) is one of the foundational assumptions of general relativity and some other gravity theories. In the theory of parametrized post-Newtonian (PPN), the difference between the PPN parameters γ of different particles or the same type of particle with different energies, Δγ, represents the violation of WEP. Current constraints on Δγ are derived from the observed time delay between correlated particles of astronomical sources. However, the observed time delay is contaminated by other effects, such as the time delays due to different particle emission times, the potential Lorentz invariance violation, and none-zero photon rest mass. Therefore, current constraints are only upper limits. Here, we propose a new method to test WEP based on the fact that the gravitational time delay is direction-dependent while others are not. This is the first method that can naturally correct other time-delay effects. Using the time-delay measurements of BASTE gamma-ray burst sample and the gravitational potential of local super galaxy cluster Laniakea, we find that the constraint on Δγ of different energy photons can be as low as 10−14. In the future, if more gravitational wave events and fast radio bursts with much more precise time-delay measurements are observed, this method can give a reliable and tight constraint on WEP.
Radial Growth Responses of Four Southeastern USA Pine Species to Summertime Precipitation Event Types and Intense Rainfall Events

Previous dendroclimatic studies have examined the relationship between total precipitation amounts and tree radial growth in the southeastern USA, yet recent studies indicate that specific precipitation event types and rainfall intensities influence longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) radial growth unequally. It remains unknown if other pine species respond similarly regarding specific precipitation types and intensities as most dendroclimatic studies have focused on precipitation amounts on monthly-to-annual scales without examining either the event type or intensity nor focusing on daily data. Here, we examine summertime climate–radial growth relationships in the southeastern USA for four native pine species (longleaf, shortleaf, Virginia, pitch) during 1940–2020. We examine and compare each species’ response to precipitation event types and intense rainfall events (IREs) and address if the temporal sensitivity to these events is species specific. Distinct temporal sensitivities exist among species, and there is a consistent association between convective, stationary front, and quasi-stationary precipitation and radial growth. All species except Virginia pine have significant (p < 0.001) associations between IREs and radial growth, even though IREs account for ~49% of summertime rainfall. These results suggest precipitation-type sensitivity to radial growth may have dendroclimatic implications.
H/spl infin/ position control of hard nonlinear systems

A nonlinear control scheme for preventing limit cycle due to the nonlinearity of the multistep bang-bang actuator in a mechanical position control system is proposed. A linearized model, sinusoidal input describing function (SIDF), for a multistep bang-bang actuator is introduced to compensate the nonlinearities. Using the model, an H/sub /spl infin// robust controller is proposed using loop shaping techniques with normalized coprime factorization stabilization to address the robustness. The proposed controller needs a smaller deadband as a result of compensating the nonlinearity of the actuator. A single-axis servo system model is used to verify the proposed control scheme experimentally. Experimental results show that the controller is effective in suppressing undesirable persistent switching, and the performance was robust to changes in the controller gain.
Rigidly Rotating Strings in Stationary Axisymmetric Spacetimes

In this paper we study the motion of a rigidly rotating Nambu - Goto test string in a stationary axisymmetric background spacetime. As special examples we consider rigid rotation of strings in a flat spacetime, where explicit analytic solutions can be obtained, and in the Kerr spacetime where we find an interesting new family of test string solutions. We present a detailed classification of these solutions in the Kerr background.
Topical application of Dianthus essential oil improved the infected healing process of wounds infected with Staphylococcus aureus in an experimental model

Background & Aims : In recent years, wound infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus have substantially grown. Lack of easy access, medications expensive, side effects, and in particular the development of drug resistance, the use of biological materials are proposed as an alternative solution. The recent study was aimed to evaluate the topical effect of Dianthus essential oil on cutaneous excisional wound healing in mice infected with S. aureus . Materials & Maethods: This study was performed on 36 mice (weight 25±3 g). After general anesthesia, 0.5 mm circle wound was created with biopsy punch between the shoulder, and immediately 50 γ of the suspension containing 10 7 CFU/ml S. Aureus was applied to the wound. Then tested animals, grouping in three groups of 12 mice each (control, treated with ointment 2% and 4%). During the project, image was obtained on days 3, 6, 9 and 12 images for assessment of wound area, and in 3, 7 and 14 from wounds in order to histopathology assessment. Results : The results of the wound size showed that the wound area decreased significantly in the treated groups (p< 0.05) compared with the control group. On histological examination, a significant (p< 0.05) reduction was observed in the migration of immune cells, the migration of fibroblasts and fibrocytes into the wound, the collagen synthesis and secretion. In addition, the thickness of the epithelium thickest increased in the treatment groups compared with the control group (p< 0.05). Conclusion : Based on the results of this study, topical application of Dianthus essential oil, especially at higher therapeutic doses, can be considered a viable option for treatment of infected wounds by the bacteria S. aureus .
INGUIN-PELVIC LYMPHODISSECTION IN THE TREATMENT OF METASTATIC LESION OF REGIONAL LYMPH NODES IN VULVA CANCER

Knowledge of the prevalence of the cancer process and its microscopic signs helps to establish the stage of development of the disease helps to assess the likelihood of tumor recurrence and provides information that will allow the doctor to predict the therapeutic effect. In vulvar cancer, the tumor often spreads along the length and by metastasizing to regional lymph nodes (inguinal, femoral), and then to the pelvic lymph nodes. In malignant tumors, the level of lymph node damage, which can be determined by lymph node dissection, is of great importance for the choice of treatment method.
Sonde muonique et instrumentation associée pour l'étude du plasma de quarks et de gluons dans l'expérience ALICE

ALICE est le detecteur du LHC dedie a l'etude des collisions d'ions lourds ultra-relativistes. Le principal objectif de cette experience est la mise en evidence et l'etude d'une nouvelle phase de la matiere nucleaire predite par la theorie de la chromodynamique quantique (QCD) : le Plasma de Quarks et de Gluons (PQG). Une des signatures possibles est la suppression des taux de production des quarkonia par ecrantage de couleur dans les collisions d'ions lourds, dans lesquelles la formation d'un plasma est attendue. Le spectrometre a muons permettra de mesurer les taux de production des quarkonia (J/Psi, Upsilon) dans les collisions d'ions lourds via leur canal de desintegration dimuonique. Un systeme de declenchement rapide, associe au spectrometre a muons, est charge de selectionner les evenements contenant au minimum un muon ou un dimuon a l'aide d'un algorithme de recherche de traces. L'etude des performances du systeme de declenchement du spectrometre a muons, realisee a l'aide de simulations Monte-Carlo, sera presentee dans ce memoire en mettant l'accent sur l'efficacite et la frequence de declenchement du systeme dans le cas des collisions Pb-Pb et Ar-Ar. Nous presenterons egalement la reconstruction du spectre en masse des dimuons de signes oppose avec le spectrometre a muons d'ALICE. A partir de ce spectre, les taux de production des etats Upsilon seront extraits pour un mois de collisions Pb-Pb au LHC et pour diverses tranches en centralite.
Ultraviolet regularization in de Sitter space

The ultraviolet regularization of Yukawa theory in de Sitter space is considered. We rederive the one-loop effective Candelas-Raine potentials, such that they agree with the corresponding Coleman-Weinberg potentials in flat space. Within supersymmetry, this provides a mechanism for the lifting of flat directions during inflation. For the purpose of calculating loop integrals, we employ the dimensional regularization procedure by Onemli and Woodard and show explicitly that the resulting self-energies are also invariant. This implies the absence of anomalous de Sitter breaking terms, which are reported in the literature. Furthermore, transplanckian effects do not necessarily leave an imprint on the spectrum of cosmic perturbations generated during inflation.
Oriented Asymmetric Wave Propagation and Refraction Bending in Hyperbolic Media

Crystal quartz is a well-known anisotropic medium with optically active phonons in the THz region where hyperbolic phonon-polaritons can be excited. Here, we use this material to illustrate how the behavior of bulk and surface hyperbolic polaritons can be drastically modified by changing the orientation of the crystal's anisotropy axis with respect to its surface. We demonstrate, both theoretically and experimentally, phenomena associated with the orientation of hyperbolic media. We show the consequences of slight changes in the crystal's orientation in various ways, from the creation of hyperbolic surface phonon-polaritons to the demonstration of oriented asymmetric transmission of radiation passing through a hyperbolic medium.
Glove Prototype for Feature Extraction Applied to Learning by Demonstration Purposes

This article focuses on a sensorial glove prototype capable of acquiring hand motion and estimating its pose. The presented solution features twelve inertial measurement units (IMUs) to track hand orientation. The sensors are attached to a glove to decrease the project cost. The system also focuses on sensor fusion algorithms for the IMUs and further implementations, presenting the algebraic quaternion algorithm (AQUA), used because of its modularity and intuitive implementation. An adaptation of a human hand model is proposed, explaining its advantages and its limitations. Considering that the calibration is a very important process in gyroscope performance, the online and offline calibration data was analyzed, pointing out its challenges and improvements. To better visualize the model and sensors a simulation was conducted in Unity.
A building block inspired algorithm with variable neighborhood search for no-wait flow shop scheduling problems

The no-wait flow shop scheduling problem (NWFSP) has been achieved a wide variety of researches by scholars as a typical NP-hard problem. In this paper, a construction block inspired variable neighborhood search heuristic algorithm (BBA-VNS) is proposed for solving NWFSP with the goal of maximum completion time. The core idea of BBA is to seek out the best match until all jobs are arranged in the process set. In the BBA, waiting time matrix and matching matrix between two jobs are constructed to obtain an approximate optimal scheduling sequence. In addition, the variable neighborhood search mechanism (VNS) is used to further improve the solution quality which based on block neighborhood structure and insert neighborhood structure. The results on a large-scale benchmark indicate that BBA-VNS is better than the most advanced heuristic algorithm.
The complexity of trees, universal grammar and economy conditions

In this squib, I argue that the child faces a severe computational complexity problem in parsing even the simplest of trees: the number of possible trees consistent with UG grows exponentially as a function of the number of lexical items. Economy conditions have the result of drastically decreasing the complexity of the parsing task. I also discuss the relationship between UG, I-language, economy conditions and explanatory adequacy.
Formulation of Chitosan Microparticles for Enhanced Intranasal Macromolecular Compound Delivery: Factors That Influence Particle Size during Ionic Gelation

Therapeutic macromolecules (e.g., protein and peptide drugs) present bioavailability challenges via extravascular administration. The nasal route presents an alternative non-invasive route for these drugs, although low bioavailability remains challenging. Co-administration of permeation enhancers is a promising formulation approach to improve the delivery of poorly bioavailable drugs. The aim of this study was to prepare and characterize chitosan microparticulate formulations containing a macromolecular model compound (fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran 4400, FD-4) and a bioenhancer (piperine). Ionic gelation was used to produce chitosan microparticle delivery systems with two distinct microparticle sizes, differing one order of magnitude in size (±20 µm and ±200 µm). These two microparticle delivery systems were formulated into thermosensitive gels and their drug delivery performance was evaluated across ovine nasal epithelial tissues. Dissolution studies revealed a biphasic release pattern. Rheometry results demonstrated a sol-to-gel transition of the thermosensitive gel formulation at a temperature of 34 °C. The microparticles incorporating piperine showed a 1.2-fold increase in FD-4 delivery across the excised ovine nasal epithelial tissues as compared to microparticles without piperine. This study therefore contributed to advancements in ionic gelation methods for the formulation of particulate systems to enhance macromolecular nasal drug delivery.
Transitive Lie algebroids and Q-manifolds.

We will start by giving an outline of the fundamentals ofsupergeometry and Q-manifolds. Then, we will give local descriptionof the Atiyah sequence of a principal bundle. We will constructlocal charts for the manifolds involved and write the expressions explicitly in local form. The Atiyah sequence encodes the different notions in connection theory in a compact way. For example a section of the Atiyah algebroid will give a connection in the principal bundle and curvature will be the failure of this section to be a Lie algebroid morphism.We will describe the Lie brackets for the Atiyah algebroid$\frac{TP}{G}$ and the adjoint bundle $\frac{P\tm \li{g}}{G}$ inlocal coordinates. After that, we will describe the Lie algebroid ofderivations $\li{D}(E)$. We will see how the curvature of somesection gives the curvature on the vector bundle $E$ and whenexpressed locally gives the corresponding local connection forms. Onthe other hand we will give an explicit expression of the morphismfrom $\frac{TP}{G}$ to $\li{D}\lf(\frac{P\tm V}{G}\rt)$ where $V$ issome vector space on which $G$ acts. As a corollary we will get anisomorphism between $\frac{TFE}{G}$ and $\li{D}(E)$ where $FE$ isthe frame bundle of $E$ and $G$ is the general linear group of thefibre $V$. We will establish an explicit equivalence betweencurvature and field strength in a more general sense. We will recallconstructions from the paper of Kotov and Strobl~\cite{kot1} thatdescribe the construction of characteristic classes associated witha section (connection=gauge field) of a $Q$-bundle$\cl{E}(\cl{M},\cl{F},\pi)$. Finally, we state and prove thenon-abelian Poincar\'{e} lemma in the case when $G=\diff(F)$, thediffeomorphism group of some supermanifold $F$, which has the spaceof vector fields on $F$, $\li{X}(F)$, as its super Lie algebra. Thediffeomorphism group is generally infinite dimensional. It is thisthat makes the non-abelian Poincar\'{e} lemma more interesting toapplications. Then we will show how it is applied to prove thatevery transitive Lie algebroid is locally trivial.
Transmission of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) during animal transport

Abstract The transmission of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) between food‐producing animals (poultry, cattle and pigs) during short journeys (< 8 h) and long journeys (> 8 h) directed to other farms or to the slaughterhouse lairage (directly or with intermediate stops at assembly centres or control posts, mainly transported by road) was assessed. Among the identified risk factors contributing to the probability of transmission of antimicrobial‐resistant bacteria (ARB) and antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), the ones considered more important are the resistance status (presence of ARB/ARGs) of the animals pre‐transport, increased faecal shedding, hygiene of the areas and vehicles, exposure to other animals carrying and/or shedding ARB/ARGs (especially between animals of different AMR loads and/or ARB/ARG types), exposure to contaminated lairage areas and duration of transport. There are nevertheless no data whereby differences between journeys shorter or longer than 8 h can be assessed. Strategies that would reduce the probability of AMR transmission, for all animal categories include minimising the duration of transport, proper cleaning and disinfection, appropriate transport planning, organising the transport in relation to AMR criteria (transport logistics), improving animal health and welfare and/or biosecurity immediately prior to and during transport, ensuring the thermal comfort of the animals and animal segregation. Most of the aforementioned measures have similar validity if applied at lairage, assembly centres and control posts. Data gaps relating to the risk factors and the effectiveness of mitigation measures have been identified, with consequent research needs in both the short and longer term listed. Quantification of the impact of animal transportation compared to the contribution of other stages of the food‐production chain, and the interplay of duration with all risk factors on the transmission of ARB/ARGs during transport and journey breaks, were identified as urgent research needs.