Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The piston problem in hyperelasticity with the stored energy in separable form

The piston problem for a hyperelastic hyperbolic conservative model where the stored energy is given in separable form is studied. The eigenfields corresponding to the hyperbolic system are of three types: linearly degenerate fields (corresponding to the contact characteristics), the fields which are genuinely nonlinear in the sense of Lax (corresponding to longitudinal waves), and, finally, nonlinear fields which are not genuinely nonlinear (corresponding to transverse waves). Taking the initial state free of stresses, we presented possible auto-similar solutions to the piston problem. In particular, we have shown that the equations admit transverse shock waves having a remarkable property: the solid density is decreasing through such a shock, it is thus a ‘rarefaction’ shock.
KGPMAP: library-based technology-mapping technique for antifuse based FPGAs

S. Chattopadhyay et al. (1994) recently proposed a signature based library search mapper that is able to distinguish the nonequivalent functions with very low aliasing. The method uses an algebraic transformation of Boolean functions into the corresponding polynomial form and then characterises the polynomial by means of prime numbers. While the technique is very interesting the algebraic transform used in the method has been introduced before. Hence the claim in the article that the new transform matrix is introduced is incorrect. The authors correctly state that the transform used is related to a similar transform with different handling of the negation. This similar transform is known under different names and has been investigated by different authors. It is found under the names of 'probabilistic transform', 'arithmetic transform' and 'algebraic transform'. The transform matrix of the arithmetic transform is nonsingular and its inverse is formed of all the elements having only entries equal to 1. I propose to use the inverse of the arithmetic transform as the transform on its own in different applications in logic design and name it 'adding transform'.
Watch the Next Step: A Comprehensive Survey of Stair-Climbing Vehicles

Stair climbing is one of the most challenging tasks for vehicles, especially when transporting people and heavy loads. Although many solutions have been proposed and demonstrated in practice, it is necessary to further improve their climbing ability and safety. This paper presents a systematic review of the scientific and engineering stair climbing literature, providing brief descriptions of the mechanism and method of operation and highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of different types of climbing platform. To quantitatively evaluate the system performance, various metrics are presented that consider allowable payload, maximum climbing speed, maximum crossable slope, transport ability and their combinations. Using these metrics, it is possible to compare vehicles with different locomotion modes and properties, allowing researchers and practitioners to gain in-depth knowledge of stair-climbing vehicles and choose the best category for transporting people and heavy loads up a flight of stairs.
Chitosan: an overview of its multiple advantages for creating sustainable development poles

An overview perspective of the potential of chitin and chitosan biopolymers to promote economically and environmentally sustainable development poles, which could be exploited especially in developing countries, is presented. Their following advantages have been considered and briefly outlined: (i) the natural sources of chitin have a wide distribution on the entire planet and are usually accessible as inexpensive waste materials; (ii) the great versatility of these materials, with applications in diverse fields such as agriculture, water treatments, food industry, environment, petroleum, healthcare, energy, technology, etc., with some trials conducted even off-planet; (iii) the production and use of these materials could promote advances in the endogenous capacity of some countries to create own technologies and generate products and applications, basic and advanced, in sensitive sectors, i
Yield and land equivalent ratio of intercropped corn and soybean under three intercropping patterns.

Two field experiments were carried out at the Agricultural Experiments and Research Station, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt, during 2006 and 2007 summer seasons. The objectives were to study the effect of three intercropping systems of corn and soybean and two corn cultivars on yield and yield components, as well as, Land Equivalent Ratio (LER). Corn varieties were S.C. 10 and Pioneer 30K9. Soybean cultivars was Giza111. A split plot design with four replications was used in Randomized Complete Block Design (R.C.B.D.); experimental plot size was 21.6 m 2 . The two corn cultivars were arranged in main plots. Three intercropping patterns i.e.; alternating ridges 2:2; 2:4, between corn and soybean and mixed intercropping pattern, as well as, solid plantings of both crops in sub plots. Ridges were 60 cm width in alternating ridges, but it was 120 cm in mixed pattern. Corn was thinned to 2 plants/hill in intercropping patterns with distance of 35cm between hills; soybean was thinned to 2 plants/hill with distances of 20 cm between hills. Soybean was grown on two sides of ridge in alternating patterns and 4 drillings on mixed ridges. The recommended solid planting of corn had significant increases in each of leaf area, dry weight and yield of grains per plant. Also, solid plantings of corn and soybean gave higher yields than intercropping patterns. The highest yield of intercropped corn grains per faddan was obtained from alternating ridges (2:2); whereas, mixed intercropping system gave highest yield of intercropped soybean than others. LER was higher in intercropped plantings than solid ones; it ranged from 1.13 to 1.46. Also, mixed intercropping pattern had higher values of (LER) than alternating ridges. The intercropping systems were more profitable than recommended solid plantings. Alternating ridges 2:2 gave the highest values of net return than other intercropping patterns.
An application of mutual information in mathematical statistics education

In mathematical statistics education, we can use mutual information as a tool for evaluating the degree of dependency between two random variables. The ordinary correlation coeﬃcient provides information only on linear dependency, not on nonlinear relationship between two random variables if any. In this paper as a measure of the degree of dependency between random variables, we suggest the use of symmetric uncertainty and λ which are deﬁned in terms of mutual information. They can be also considered as generalized correlation coeﬃcients for both linear and non-linear dependence of random variables.
A hydrodynamic model of movement of a contact line over a curved wall

The present thesis treats the numerical simulation of immiscible incompressible two-phase flows with moving contact lines. The conventional Navier–Stokes equations combined with a no-slip boundary condition leads to a non-integrable stress singularity at the contact line. The singularity in the model can be avoided by allowing the contact line to slip. Implementing slip conditions in an accurate way is not straight-forward and different regularization techniques exist where ad-hoc procedures are common. This thesis presents the first steps in developing the macroscopic part of an accurate multiscale model for a moving contact line problem in two space dimensions. It is assumed that a micro model has been used to determine a relation between the contact angle and the contact line velocity. An intermediate region is introduced where an analytical expression for the velocity field exists, assuming the solid wall is perfectly flat. This expression is used to implement boundary conditions for the moving contact line, at the macroscopic scale, along a fictitious boundary located a small distance away from the physical boundary. Model problems where the shape of the interface is constant throughout the simulation are introduced. For these problems, experiments show that the errors in the resulting contact line velocities converge with the grid size h at a rate of convergence p ≈ 2. Further, an analytical expression for the velocity field in the intermediate region for the case with a curved solid wall is derived. The derivation is based on perturbation analysis.
Segmentation of 3D brain MRI images using active contours and shape priors

Image processing is an important tool in research and treatment design in the medical industry. One area of image processing is segmentation: the process of finding objects in an image. This thesis develops a segmentation algorithm for finding the eyeballs in 3D MRI human brain images. An integral part of this is the prior knowledge of the general position, shape, and size of the eyeballs. The segmentation is done in two stages: first, the most likely position of the eyeballs is found using a shape prior (a representation of two spherical objects with specific size and distance apart), followed by a stage of more precise active contour segmentation in the relevant area. The design process of this algorithm can be used to develop a similar segmentation procedure to look for different objects in the human brain, or in other types of images.
Research on EEG Signal Emotion Recognition Based on BPSO

The discrete binary particle swarm optimization algorithm proposed in this work can address the difficulty of imprecise emotion-related typical features and localization of emotion recognition. Eighteen classes of features in the time domain, frequency domain and time-frequency domain and differential entropy features are used as features for holistic emotion recognition accuracy using linear and nonlinear methods. Then, the next particle position, velocity and fitness are updated according to the recognition rate accuracy, so as to obtain the optimal feature combination by the emotion recognition accuracy, and lastly the subjects were identified using SVM to get the emotion recognition outcome. The initial experiments reveal that the percentage of correctness was 88.95% and 76.12% for BPSO and PSO, respectively. and the highest correct rate of happy among the four categories of emotions is 91.78%, which is improved by up to 12.83% using the BPSO algorithm.
Effects of Aquatic Exercises for Women with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A 12-Week Intervention in a Quasi-Experimental Study with Pain as a Mediator of Depression

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by low physical fitness, pain, and depression. The present study aimed to examine the effects of a supervised aquatic exercise program on physical fitness, depression, and pain in women with RA and determine whether decreases in pain mediate depression. Methods: Forty-three women with RA, divided into an experimental group (EG; n = 21) and a control group (CG; n = 23), participated in a 12-week exercise program. Treatment effects were calculated via standardized difference or effect size (ES) using ANCOVA adjusted for baseline values (ES, 95% confidence interval (CI)). A simple panel of mediation was executed to determine whether changes in pain mediated improvements in depression after controlling for confounding variables, such as age, physical activity, and body mass index (BMI). Results: The aquatic exercise program had trivial and small effects on physical fitness, large effects on pain, and moderate effects on depression. The mediation model confirmed the indirect effect of pain on the decrease of depression in the participants of the aquatic exercise program. Conclusions: Participants with RA in the aquatic exercise program experienced improvements in physical fitness, depression, and joint pain. Moreover, the improvements in joint pain mediated improvements in depression.
Fast 3D YOLOv3 based standard plane regression of vertebral bodies in intra-operative CBCT volumes

Abstract. Purpose Mobile C-arm systems represent the standard imaging devices within the field of spine surgery. In addition to 2D imaging, they allow for 3D scans while preserving unrestricted patient access. For viewing, the acquired volumes are adjusted such that their anatomical standard planes align with the axes of the viewing modality. This difficult and time-consuming step is currently performed manually by the leading surgeon. This process is automatized within this work to improve the usability of C-arm systems. Thereby, the spinal region consisting of multiple vertebrae and the standard planes of all vertebrae being of interest to the surgeon need to be taken into account. Approach An object detection algorithm based on the you only look once version 3 architecture, adapted to 3D inputs, is compared with a segmentation-based approach employing a 3D U-Net. Both algorithms are trained on a dataset of 440 and tested on 218 spinal volumes. Results Although the detection-based algorithm is slightly inferior concerning the detection (91% versus 97% accuracy), localization (1.26 mm versus 0.74 mm error) and alignment accuracy (5.00 deg versus 4.73 deg error), it outperforms the segmentation-based one in terms of speed (5 s versus 38 s). Conclusions Both algorithms show similar good results. However, the speed gain of the detection-based algorithm, resulting in a run time of 5 s, makes it more suitable for usage in an intra-operative scenario.
Interférométrie atomique avec un condensat de Bose-Eintein : effet des interactions internes

Le travail realise dans le cadre de cette these s'articule en deux volets. Le premier porte sur l'etude de l'effet des interactions entre atomes au sein d'un interferometre atomique, dont la source est un condensat de Bose-Eintein. Nous presentons un modele analytiquepermettant d'obtenir des expressions simples pour le dephasage induit par celles-ci. Ce modele est compare a des simulations numeriques resolvant les equations de Gross-Pitaevskii couplees, et presente un excellent accord. Le second concerne la conception et la construction d'un nouveau dispositif experimental visant a obtenir un condensat de Bose-Einteindans le but de realiser des mesures de haute precision par interferometrie atomique.
An algorithm for solving the matrix equation X = FXF T + S

A now algorithm for solving the matrix equation X = FXF T + S, which is important in the control system design, is presented in this paper. The algorithm is based on the QR algorithm for finding the eigenvalues of a matrix and works efficiently for large dimensional problems. A simple example is given to illustrate the algorithm. The method is also applicable to other types of equations such as the Lyapunov equation A T X + XA + B = 0.
The Influence of Fan Economy on the Consumption Behavior of Senior High School Students

Following the universal prevalence of mobile Internet, the learning life of minors has also become inseparable from the Internet. As a main component of the Internet economy, the fan economy has also subconsciously influenced the consumption behavior of minors, especially the senior high school students who fall in the adolescent stage. On the basis of the fundamental information, study situation, knowledge of fan economy, consumption situation and consumption concept of senior high school students by means of a questionnaire survey, this paper carries out a comparative analysis on the consumption behaviors of senior high school students in international schools and ordinary senior high school students to probe the influence of fan economy on the consumption behaviors of senior high school students.
An Investigation of Abadi and Cardelli's Untyped Calculus of Objects

We study the relationship between the natural (big-step) semantics and the reduction (small-step) semantics of Abadi and Cardelli's untyped calculus of objects. By applying Danvy et al.'s functional correspondence to the natural semantics, we derive an abstract machine for this calculus, and by applying Danvy et al.'s syntactic correspondence to the reduction semantics, we also derive an abstract machines for this calculus. These two abstract machines are identical. The fact that the machines are identical, and the fact that they have been derived using meaning-preserving program transformations, entail that the derivation constitutes a proof of equivalence between natural semantics and the reduction semantics. The derivational nature of our proof contrasts with Abadi and Cardelli's soundness proof, which was carried out by pen and paper. We also note that the abstract machine is new. To move closer to actual language implementations, we reformulate the calculus to use explicit substitutions. The reformulated calculus is new. By applying the functional and syntactic correspondences to natural and reduction semantics of this new calculus, we again obtain two abstract machines. These two machines are also identical, and as such, they establish the equivalence of the natural semantics and the reduction semantics of the new calculus. Finally, we prove that the two abstract machines are strongly bisimilar. Therefore, the two calculi are computationally equivalent.
Efficacy of a Mobile-Based Multidomain Intervention to Improve Cognitive Function and Health-Related Outcomes Among Older Korean Adults with Subjective Cognitive Decline

Background: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is a self-reported experience of declining cognitive function showing normal performance in cognitive assessments, which is a known risk factor for dementia. Recent studies highlight the importance of nonpharmacological multidomain interventions that can target multiple risk factors of dementia in older adults. Objective: This study investigated the efficacy of the Silvia program, a mobile-based multidomain intervention, to improve cognitive function and health-related outcomes of older adults with SCD. We compare its effects to a conventional paper-based multidomain program on various health indicators related to risk factors of dementia. Methods: This prospective randomized controlled trial involved 77 older adults with SCD recruited from the Dementia Prevention and Management Center in Gwangju, South Korea during May to October 2022. Participants were randomly assigned to either the mobile- or paper-based group. Interventions were administered for 12 weeks, where pre- and post-assessments were conducted. Results: The K-RBANS total score did not show significant differences between groups. The mobile group showed better improvement in K-PRMQ scores and PSS scores than the paper group. Differences within groups showed that mobile-based interventions significantly improved K-PRMQ, STAI-X-1, PSS, and EQ-5D-5 L scores, while paper-based interventions significantly improved PSS, and EQ-5D-5 L scores. Patient adherence rate was 76.6%. Conclusion: Overall, the Silvia program was effective for improving self-reported memory failures, stress, anxiety, and health-related quality of life in older adults with SCD. However, longer periods of administration for more than 12 weeks may be needed to achieve significant improvements in cognitive function by objective measures.
The Past, Present and the Future of Drug delivery: An Empirical Study

In India, drug delivery has advanced significantly since the country's early use of crude injections and oral tablets. In the past, creating medications for oral or intravenous administration was the main focus. This sparked the creation of several top-selling medications for the Indian market, including antacids and antibiotics.In the present, attention is being paid to the creation of more sophisticated drug delivery systems, such as transdermal patches, inhalers, and implants. This has led to the creation of more precise and efficient treatments as well as increased patient compliance and convenience.With a focus on personalized medicine and the use of cutting-edge drug delivery technologies like nanotechnology and gene therapy, India's drug delivery sector is predicted to grow and innovate in the future. The industry is prepared to meet this need because of the country's huge and diversified population, which has a substantial need for cost-effective and efficient drug delivery methods.Overall, India has a strong commitment to innovation and growth in the healthcare industry, with an emphasis on enhancing patient outcomes and accessibility. This commitment is seen in the history, present, and future of drug delivery.
Minimizing curvature variation for aesthetic surface design

We investigate the usability of functional surface optimization for the design of free-form shapes. The optimal shape is subject to only a few constraints and is influenced largely by the choice of the energy functional. Among the many possible functionals that could be minimized, we focus on third-order functionals that measure curvature variation over the surface. We provide a simple explanation of the third-order surface behavior and decompose the curvature-variation function into its Fourier components. We extract four geometrically intuitive, parameterization-independent parameters that completely define the third order shape at a surface point. We formulate third-order energy functionals as functions of these third-order shape parameters. By computing the energy minimizers for a number of canonical input shapes, we provide a catalog of diverse functionals that span a reasonable domain of aesthetic styles. The functionals can be linearly combined to obtain new functionals with intermediate aesthetic styles. Our side-by-side tabular comparison of functionals helps to develop an intuition for the preferred aesthetic styles of the functionals and to predict the aesthetic styles preferred by a new combination of the functionals. To compare the shapes preferred by the functionals, we built a robust surface optimization system. We represent shapes using Catmull-Clark subdivision surfaces, with the control mesh vertices acting as degrees of freedom for the optimization. The energy is minimized by an off-the-shelf implementation of a quasi-Newton method. We discuss some future work for further improving the optimization system and end with some conclusions on the use of optimization for aesthetic design.
Production of Dermatophagoides farinae Having Low Bacterial Content Using Ampicillin

Background Symbiotic bacteria in house dust mites pose a risk of immunological side effects in the clinical use of immunotherapeutic agents. In this study, we investigated the duration for which the bacterial concentration in Dermatophagoides farinae could be kept low with antibiotic treatment, and whether the allergenic properties of the mite changed under ampicillin treatment. Methods D. farinae was cultivated in the presence of ampicillin powder in an autoclaved medium for 6 weeks. After subsequent subcultures without ampicillin, the mites were harvested, and the extract was prepared. The amounts of bacteria, lipopolysaccharides (LPS), and two major allergens (Der f 1 and Der f 2) were measured. Human bronchial epithelial cells and mice were treated with the D. farinae extract to assess the allergic airway inflammation. Results The number of bacteria and level of LPS were reduced by 150-fold and 33-fold, respectively, at least 18 weeks after ampicillin treatment. The concentration of Der f 1 and Der f 2 remained unchanged by ampicillin treatment. The secretion of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 from the human airway epithelial cells decreased when treated with the extract of ampicillin-treated D. farinae compared with that of ampicillin-untreated D. farinae. A mouse asthma model was developed using ampicillin-treated D. farinae. We observed that the level of lung function, airway inflammation, and serum-specific immunoglobulin were not different for the mouse asthma model developed using ampicillin-treated D. farinae than the model developed using ampicillin-untreated D. farinae. Conclusions We showed that bacterial content in D. farinae was reduced by ampicillin treatment, which was sufficient to induce allergic sensitization and an immune response. This method will be used to develop more controlled allergy immunotherapeutic agents.