Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Distribution of Various Volumes of Methylene Blue Injection in Suprainguinal Fascia Iliaca Block Under Ultrasound Guidance: A Cadaveric Study

SUMMARY: The local anesthetic volume for a single-shot suprainguinal fascia iliaca block (SFIB) is a key factor of a block success because the courses of the three target nerves from the lumbar plexus (LP), the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN), femoral nerve (FN), and obturator nerve (ON), at the inguinal area are isolated and within striking distance. Thus, this cadaveric study aims to demonstrate the distribution of dye staining on the LFCN, FN, ON, and LP following the ultrasound-guided SFIB using 15-50 ml of methylene blue. A total of 40 USG-SFIBs were performed on 20 fresh adult cadavers using 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, and 50 ml of methylene blue. After the injections, the pelvic and inguinal regions were dissected to directly visualize the dye stained on the LFCN, FN, ON, and LP. All FN and LFCN were stained heavily when the 15-50 ml of dye was injected. Higher volumes of dye (40-50 ml) spread more medially and stained on the ON and LP in 60 % of cases. To increase the possibility of dye spreading to all three target nerves and LP of the SFIB, a high volume ( ≥ 40 ml) of anesthetic is recommended. If only a blockade of the FN and LFCN is required, a low volume (15-25 ml) of anesthetic is sufficient.
A Biophysical Perspective of IPCC Integrated Energy Modelling

The following article conducts an analysis of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report (AR5), specifically in relation to Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs). We focus on the key drivers of economic growth, how these are derived and whether IAMs properly reflect the underlying biophysical systems. Since baseline IAM scenarios project a three- to eight-fold increase in gross domestic product (GDP)-per-capita by 2100, but with consumption losses of only between 3–11%, strong mitigation seems compatible with economic growth. However, since long-term productivity and economic growth are uncertain, they are included as exogenous parameters in IAM scenarios. The biophysical economics perspective is that GDP and productivity growth are in fact emergent parameters from the economic-biophysical system. If future energy systems were to possess worse biophysical performance characteristics, we would expect lower productivity and economic growth, and therefore, the price of reaching emission targets may be significantly costlier than projected. Here, we show that IAMs insufficiently describe the energy-economy nexus and propose that those key parameters are integrated as feedbacks with the use of environmentally-extended input-output analysis (EEIOA). Further work is required to build a framework that can supplement and support IAM analysis to improve biophysical rigour.
Control strategy for single phase cascaded nine-level inverter with sinusoidal pulse width modulation using LPC 1769 ARM cortex-M3 microcontroller

Multilevel inverter is used to synthesise the output voltage waveform from several levels of input voltage. A number of pulse width modulation techniques are suggested in the literature for controlling the output voltage and minimising harmonics of the multilevel inverter. A number of methods have been suggested in the literature for the digital implementation of the pulse width modulation techniques. This paper proposes a new method for the implementation of a single phase cascaded nine-level inverter with multicarrier based level shifted sinusoidal pulse width modulation technique using a low power advanced microcontroller. The simulation of single phase cascaded nine-level inverter is done with multicarrier level shifted sine PWM technique using MATLAB SIMULINK. Hardware implementation is done for the multicarrier level shifted sine PWM single phase nine level inverter using LPC 1769 ARM Cortex-M3 microcontroller. The results of both simulation and hardware implementation are analysed.
New Approaches in Social and Humanistic Sciences Control and Planning in the Development of Female Gymnasts’ Complex of Motor Skills within a Training Macro-cycle

This paper aims at monitoring the integral training through an efficient control and planning in the development of the female gymnasts’ motor skills complex within a training macro-cycle. For this purpose, an experimental ascertaining study was carried out throughout a training macro-cycle of the Olympic cycle 2013-2016, with a group of 20 athletes (n=10 - experimental group and n=10 – control group) belonging to women’s artistic gymnastics national team of the Republic of Moldova. The following methods were used: bibliographic study; pedagogical observation; method of specific tests; pedagogic experiment, statistical-mathematical method and method of graphical representation of data. In order to determine gymnasts’ motor training, 14 parameters were tested, highlighting the level of complex motricity needed to reach elite sports performances in women’s artistic gymnastics. Insignificant differences were revealed in the experimental group based on the results obtained and compared with each other during the 1st training macro-cycle. Following these results, some models and strategies meant to improve the control and planning system were proposed to the experimental group subjects. The implementation of the control and planning system of the activities for motor skills development provided useful information for the efficient monitoring of the full training of the female gymnasts under research.
Doing more with less: Behavioral insights for anti-piracy messages

Abstract Using the lens of behavioral economics, we analyze recurrent elements used in anti-piracy messages: statistics on infringements, quantifications of economic losses caused by piracy, and a mix of strong and weak arguments. We argue that the more-is-better heuristic used in these messages can generate counterproductive outcomes because of the statistical victim bias, the scope severity paradox, the social norm trap, and the excessive number of arguments. While “the higher the numbers, the more convincing they are” seems appealing, we show that this logic is flawed and can be detrimental for the attainment of the desired objectives. We propose to design messages based on the homo heuristicus perspective, which activate and channel automatic processes in human beings toward desirable directions.
High-Voltage Microwave Systems Based on Ferrite Gyromagnetic Nonlinear Transmission Lines

Test results of high-voltage stationary four-channel generators based on the coaxial gyromagnetic ferrite-filled nonlinear transmission lines (NLTLs) with external magnetic bias and modulation frequency of the rapidly damping oscillations of ~ 8.7 GHz are presented. The peak amplitude of the output oscillations of −350 kV in the channel had a maximum modulation depth more than 80%. The single-channel stationary microwave system increased the peak amplitude to record value −695 kV in the frequency range ~ 10 (11.5) GHz. The compact two-channel gyromagnetic ferrite line system was also tested. The peak amplitude of output oscillations reached −170 kV when the modulation frequency is of ~ 6.5 GHz. Electrical strength of oil-isolated ferrite line was tested in the compact one-channel system at a repetition rate of 25 pps when an electrical field in the line reached ~ 185 kV/mm.
Code mixing analysis used in Ria SW youtube channel

This study focuses about the phenomena of code mixing in Ria SW Youtube Channel because she is a food vlogger who often mix the language with English to interpret the clear explanation about food so it can be understood by others. The objectives of this study are to describe the type of code mixing and the social factors influence the used of code mixing in Ria SW Youtube Channel. The research approach used to analyze the data is descriptive qualitative approach. As the theory used, the writer described based on the theory of Hoffman (1991) to analyze the types of code mixing and the theory of Weinreich (1963) to analyze the factors of code mixing. The writer collected the data from three videos which are Taipei Street Food #02, Unique Food in Singapore #05, and Hello Bali #01. The result demonstrates that there are three types of code mixing which are intra-sentential code mixing about 132 data or 75%, intra-lexical code mixing about 30 data or 17%, and involving a change of pronunciation about 14 data or 8%. Intra-sentential code mixing is the dominant occurrence of code mixing used in Ria SW Youtube Channel because the speaker inserts English words in the middle or at the end of the utterances. Furthermore, there are five social factors of code mixing which are low frequency words about 138 data or 78%, oversight about 21 data or 12%, synonym about 8 data or 5%, pernicious homonym about 6 data or 3%, and social value about 3 data or 2%. The dominant social factor influenced the use of code mixing in Ria SW Youtube Channel is low frequency words because the term or word in the English language is easier to remember and have stable meaning.
It’s time to propose a uniform criteria for determining “clinical complete response” in hepatocellular carcinoma

HepatoBiliary Surg Nutr 2022;11(4):620-622 | https://dx.doi. org/10.21037/hbsn-22-233 In the past decade, great progress has been made in the systemic therapies of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), represented by the target therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). In the Imbrave 150 trial, one in ten patients reached complete response (CR) with medical treatment alone (according to HCC-specific modified RECIST; mRECIST) (1). If different systemic regimes were combined with loco-regional therapies, the chance of achieving CR was even higher. These findings promoted the practice of conversion surgery in HCC (2,3). After tumors were converted and resected, a subgroup of HCC reached its pathological CR (pCR). Similar results were also observed in the latest pioneering trials of neoadjuvant ICIs therapies in HCC (4). According to these findings, both liver surgeons and oncologists began to consider whether radical hepatectomy can still bring additional survival benefits for HCC patients with CR. Theoretically, CR means 100% of tumor cells were killed and no single viable tumor cell remained. In ideal circumstances, further radical surgery is no longer necessary, because no extra radicality could a surgery bring. In Plato’s philosophy, the method to prove an absolute CR with 100% accuracy is like a “Form” or “Idea”, which is not practically feasible. Even pCR cannot be equivalent to absolute CR. In practice, pathological results can only be obtained after surgery has been completed. To indicate the necessity of radical resection in advance, we need an alternative indicator of complete CR, an “imperfect CR” but as perfect as possible to the “Form” or “Idea”; that is, clinical CR (cCR). When effective systemic therapies were not yet available, the concept of cCR in HCC was unimaginable. The emergence of ICIs and target therapeutic agents changed this situation. However, the definition and criteria of cCR in HCC have not been formally proposed yet. In rectal cancer, after effective neoadjuvant chemoradiation, about 15% to 20% of patients may achieve pCR. To preserve anorectal function and avoid permanent colostomy, besides performing radical surgery, a “watch & wait” (WW) strategy was also recommended for patients to reach cCR, according to the NCCN guideline (with certain restrictions). This strategy spares the morbidities of surgery and yields a better quality of life (QoL) with no inferior oncological outcome than the patients who experienced surgery. A standardized criterion of cCR is required to practice the WW approach in rectal cancer. The criteria need to identify pCR with sufficient accuracy and be clinically practical. Such a consensus statement of cCR in rectal cancer was just formally proposed last year (5). The absence of the consensus also explained the large discrepancy of early studies when practicing the WW strategy, which Editorial
INVESTIGATION OF UBIQUITOUS-PHYSICS APP WITH LEARNING GUIDED MAP TO FACILITATE PHYSICS LEARNING IN AUTHENTIC CONTEXTS

Many studies have considered the use of mobile devices to support learning in different subjects such as English, math, and biology. However, there are not many studies which focus on facilitating physics learning with mobile device supports in authentic contexts. Taking this into account, we updated a mobile app called Ubiquitous-Physics (U-Physics) by adding a guide learning map (gMap) which helps students to explore inclined plane phenomena in authentic contexts. We aimed to investigate the effectiveness of U-Physics with gMap on students’ learning achievements and to analyze students’ perceptions based on interview results. Forty-five first-grade vocational high school students majoring in housekeeping management were participated in this quasi-experiment for seven weeks. The experimental group used U-Physics with gMap and the control group used U-Physics without gMap. Although there were no significant differences between the experimental group and the control group concerning learning achievements, we found that learning gain of both groups significantly improved. Additionally, students revealed that they enjoyed exploring and conducting physics experiments in authentic context environments such parks, playgrounds, and houses. These findings indicated that exploring and conducting physics phenomena in authentic contexts can enhance understanding of the physics phenomena and enriches experiential learning.Bahasa Indonesia Abstrak Banyak penelitian telah mempertimbangkan penggunaan perangkat seluler untuk mendukung pembelajaran dalam berbagai mata pelajaran seperti bahasa Inggris, Matematika, dan Biologi. Namun, tidak banyak penelitian yang berfokus pada memfasilitasi pembelajaran Fisika dengan dukungan perangkat seluler dalam konteks otentik. Dengan mempertimbangkan hal ini, kami memperbarui aplikasi seluler bernama Ubiquitous-Physics (U-Physics) dengan menambahkan peta pembelajaran panduan (gMap) yang membantu siswa menjelajahi fenomena bidang miring dalam konteks otentik. Kami bertujuan untuk menyelidiki efektivitas U-Physics dengan gMap pada prestasi belajar siswa dan untuk menganalisis persepsi siswa berdasarkan hasil wawancara. Empat puluh lima siswa sekolah menengah kejuruan, kelas satu, jurusan manajemen rumah tangga berpartisipasi dalam percobaan semua ini selama tujuh minggu. Kelompok eksperimen menggunakan U-Physics dengan gMap dan kelompok kontrol menggunakan U-Physics tanpa gMap. Meskipun tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol mengenai prestasi belajar, kami menemukan bahwa perolehan pembelajaran kedua kelompok meningkat secara signifikan. Selain itu, siswa mengungkapkan bahwa mereka senang menjelajahi dan melakukan eksperimen Fisika di lingkungan konteks otentik seperti taman, taman bermain, dan rumah. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa mengeksplorasi dan melakukan fenomena Fisika dalam konteks otentik dapat meningkatkan pemahaman tentang fenomena Fisika dan memperkaya pembelajaran berdasarkan pengalaman.
Evaluating the Therapeutic Potential of Idecabtagene Vicleucel in the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma: Evidence to Date

Abstract Over the past two decades, significant progress has been made in the diagnosis, risk assessment and treatment of patients with multiple myeloma, translating into remarkable improvements in survival outcomes. Yet, cure remains elusive, and almost all patients eventually experience relapse, particularly those with high-risk and refractory disease. Immune-based approaches have emerged as highly effective therapeutic options that have heralded a new era in the treatment of multiple myeloma. Idecabtagene vicleucel (ide-cel) is one such therapy that employs the use of genetically modified autologous T-cells to redirect immune activation in a tumor-directed fashion. It has yielded impressive responses even in patients with poor-risk disease and is the first chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy to be approved for treatment in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. In this review, we examine the design and pharmacokinetics of ide-cel, audit evidence that led to its incorporation into the current treatment paradigm and provide insight into its clinical utilization with a focus on real-life intricacies.
Smart Insole Based on Flexi Force and Flex Sensor for Monitoring Different Body Postures

This study aims to fabricate smart insoles using wireless Flexi force and bend sensing technology. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) film was chosen as the substrate to hold all the sensors. The developed smart insole has a three-layer structure (insole-PVC layer-fabric layer) and is calibrated in an isolation laboratory to evaluate its measurement performance. One male volunteer subject exhibited four different body postures, namely tree pose, forward-leaning, squatting, and forward folding pose. Changes in pressure distribution were considered to be similar for the forward, squat, and forward-folded positions. When subjects performed a full squat, the flex sensor exhibited maximum flexion during the squat position, and the flex sensor response against the squat pose was found to be higher by about 18.18% than in the forward lean, respectively. The tree pose has the highest error rate at the first metatarsal, about 18.6%, of which the maximum absolute relative error of the sensor is less than 5%. Plantar pressure distribution and body posture measurements were successfully validated using Flexi force and flex sensors embedded in the smart insole. The smart insole proposed in this research work has broader prospects for clinical application.
Does China’s real-name system improve or reduce residents’ willingness to participate in environmental impact assessments?

ABSTRACT China requires residents to provide real names and identification for participation in environmental impact assessments (EIAs). This study examines residents’ willingness to participate in EIAs based on the real-name system. The results of a questionnaire survey in Southwest China showed that after adopting the real-name system, the residents’ willingness to participate in EIAs was reduced. When there was no real-name system, 78.97% of the residents were willing or very willing to participate in EIAs. However, after the implementation of the real-name system, only 40.85% of the residents were willing or very willing to participate in EIAs. The results also indicated that after implementation of the real-name system, the residents’ willingness to participate in EIAs was positively correlated with privacy protection and government trust factors.
Comparison Between Linear Induction Motor and Linear Flux-Switching Permanent-Magnet Motor for Railway Transportation

Linear induction motors (LIMs) have been extensively adopted in urban railway transportation given their nonadhesion thrust and simple stator structure. However, these LIMs undergo unfavorable power factor and efficiency considering their copper and eddy losses. Recently, linear flux-switching permanent-magnet motors (LFSPMs) have attracted the attention of researchers due to their high power density, simple structure, easy heat dissipation, high efficiency, and high power factor. However, so far, no quantitative comparison exists between LFSPMs and LIMs of the size 1:1 to prove the feasibility of LFSPMs to be used in railway transit systems. Therefore, a comparative analysis between the two motors is conducted in this paper. First, this paper investigates the LIMs for railway transit using the finite element method (FEM). Second, the LFSPMs for railway transit is designed and optimized. Third, the electromagnetic performance of the two motors is compared and analyzed through the FEM. Finally, a small-sized prototype of the LFSPMs is constructed to validate the FEM results. It is concluded that LFSPMs offer a favorable thrust force, have high efficiency, and high power factor but have large normal force and force ripple. Therefore, applying LFSPM requires a reliable supporting device and a shock absorber.
Underactuated Stratospheric Airship Trajectory Control Using an Adaptive Integral Backstepping Approach

This paper deals with trajectory tracking control for an underactuated stratospheric airship in the presence of model uncertainties and external disturbances. An adaptive integral backstepping trajectory control is designed from the underactuated airship nonlinear dynamics model. The proposed controller has a two-level structure. A low-level controller based on nonlinear adaptive integral backstepping method stabilizes the attitude and velocity of the airship, whereas a high-level controller performs guidance and trajectory tracking task. Two underactuated cases of zero lateral control force and zero roll moment input are studied. Meanwhile a control allocation component based on active set with weight least square algorithm is put into the low-level controller, to find the optimal control surfaces and thrust inputs under constraints of actuator saturation. By using Lyapunov theory the closed-loop trajectory control system is proven to be globally asymptotically stable. Finally, simulation results show th.
Social Environment as a Precursor to Coronary Artery Disease in a Small, Resource-Limited Country

Coronary artery disease has been the most prevalent chronic disease over the last two decades. In Trinidad and Tobago—a small, high-income, resource-limited country the median age of presentation of, and premature death from, acute myocardial infarction is more than 12 years earlier to that in high-income, developed countries. This may be attributed to the increased risk of coronary artery disease that stem from the presence of precursors in the social environment. We aimed to explore the association between “social environment” and coronary artery disease in Trinidad and Tobago. This is a descriptive ecological study that assessed secondary data. Data were collected from multiple search engines and websites. Data on Trinidad and Tobago’s social environment were also accessed from the World Databank and the Central Intelligence Agency fact book and analyzed. Coronary artery disease was fueled by personal choices that were influenced by the social environment (“fast food” outlets, inadequate sporting facilities, increased use of activity-saving tools [vehicles, phones, and online activities], smoking and alcohol accessibility, and social stressors [murder, family disputes, divorce, child abuse, kidnapping, and rape]). Food imports, as a percentage of merchandise imports, were at 11.42% (2015); the level of physical activity was low (<600 MET-minutes per week; 38 in 2016), and social stressors were high. The social environment has encouraged a “cardiotoxic” or “atherogenic” environment influencing behavior, eventually resulting in a continued high risk of coronary artery disease, presenting at a younger age.
Field services design and management of natural gas distribution networks: a class of vehicle routing problem with time windows approach

Service operations management of metropolitan gas networks at operational level implies the optimisation of decisions related to logistic activities, taking into account multi-objectives and operational constraints. This paper proposes a metaheuristic approach for the operational planning of the daily logistic activities based on vehicle routing with time window model. Experimental results for a real planning case in a gas distribution network demonstrate the approach effectiveness.