Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Integration of geology, petrophysics, and reservoir engineering for characterization of carbonate reservoirs through Pickett plots

The concept of rock fabric has been shown to be very useful for characterization of carbonate reservoirs. This study shows that a Pickett crossplot of interparticle porosity vs. true resistivity (in some cases, apparent resistivity or true resistivity affected by a shale group) should result in a straight line for intervals with a constant rock fabric. The slope of the straight line is related to the porosity exponent m, the water saturation exponent n, and the size of the particles forming the interparticle porosity. Different slopes are obtained for different rock fabrics. The method helps to reconcile geology to fluid flow by illustrating the important link between geology, petrophysics, and reservoir engineering.Lines of constant rock fabric are displayed on a Pickett plot, together with water saturation, permeability, process speed k/, capillary-pressure curves, pore-throat apertures r35 and rp35, Kozeny's constant (Fs2), and height above the free-water table. Pattern recognition while placing all these data in a consistent form on a Pickett plot allows determination of flow units and a more rigorous characterization of carbonate reservoirs. The method is aimed at heterogeneous carbonate reservoirs, which have a limited amount of hard data.The use of this technique is illustrated with data from the Mission Canyon Formation in the Little Knife field of North Dakota, where a significant volume of oil in place is below the structural closure and updip wells penetrate microports that provide an effective seal in this stratigraphic trap.
Pliocene to Pleistocene carbonate systems of the Guadeloupe archipelago, French Lesser Antilles: a land and sea study (the KaShallow project)

This work presents a synthesis of the present-day knowledge on both emerged and submerged carbonate platforms of the Guadeloupe archipelago. Onshore and offshore data acquired during the KaShallow project are presented. Since the early Zanclean, some isolated platforms developed onto a Jurassic to Tortonian basement which displayed reliefs inherited from a major extensional tectonic episode dated from −8 to −5 Ma. Marie-Galante, Grande Terre and the southern shelf of Grande-Terre show strong similarities with Zanclean to Gelasian red-algal facies upward changing into early Calabrian coral facies. A major erosional unconformity (SB2) was recognized and allows to distinguish two early Calabrian formations (Calcaires a Agaricia Formation and Calcaires a Acropora Formation). The final emersion of these platforms is late Calabrian. The La Desirade platform displays Zanclean to early Piacenzian red-algal facies upward changing into coral facies. This platform emerged as soon as in the late Piacenzian. The island subsided again in relation with later extensional tectonic episode and early Calabrian reef platform then unconformably deposited. The Colombie bank deposits comprise Pliocene basinal deposits overlain by late Calabrian coral reefs. The Flandre bank might have emerged synchronously with La Desirade but was drowned only in the late Pleistocene-Holocene interval. Four extensional tectonic episodes have been identified in the late Miocene-Recent interval. Their effects depend on the location of the platforms within the fore-arc.
The Late Pleistocene clastic deposits in the Romito Cave, southern Italy: a proxy record of environmental changes and human presence

Clastic sediments deposited in caves and rock shelters bear peculiar sedimentological characteristics and have seldom been considered as a high‐resolution proxy record of climatic or environmental changes. The Romito Cave has its entrance at 275 m above sea level, about 25 km from the Tyrrhenian coast of Calabria, southern Italy. New archaeological excavation performed since 2000 has revealed a sedimentary succession spanning the record of Gravettian to Late Epigravettian cultures (Late Pleistocene). The present study focuses on the lower part (2.5 m thick) of the succession, where three main unconformity‐bounded stratigraphic units have been recognised (labelled RM1–3). Each unit consists of water‐lain deposits indicating high‐ to low‐competence flow, capped with anthropogenic deposits. The gradual deactivation and reactivation of the water drainage between 23 475 ± 190 and 16 250 ± 500 cal. a BP is correlated with regional precipitation changes due to the onset of dry climatic conditions of the Last Glacial Maximum. However, the deactivation of cave drainage after the deposition of unit RM3, around 15 400 ± 500 cal. a BP, deviates from the regional hydrological trend of progressively increasing water discharges and is attributed to the drainage cut‐off by probable cave wall collapses. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ADAM11 a novel regulator of Wnt and BMP4 signaling in neural crest and cancer

Cranial neural crest (CNC) cells are induced at the border of the neural plate by a combination of FGF, Wnt, and BMP4 signaling. CNC then migrate ventrally and invade ventral structures where they contribute to craniofacial development. Here we show that a non-proteolytic ADAM, Adam11, originally identified as a putative tumor suppressor binds to proteins of the Wnt and BMP4 signaling pathway. Mechanistic studies concerning these non-proteolytic ADAM lack almost entirely. We show that Adam11 positively regulates BMP4 signaling while negatively regulating β-catenin activity. By modulating these pathways, Adam11 controls the timing of neural tube closure and the proliferation and migration of CNC. Using both human tumor data and mouse B16 melanoma cells, we further show that ADAM11 levels similarly correlate with Wnt or BMP4 activation levels. We propose that ADAM11 preserve naïve cells by maintaining low Sox3 and Snail/Slug levels through stimulation of BMP4 and repression of Wnt signaling, while loss of ADAM11 results in increased Wnt signaling, increased proliferation and early epithelium to mesenchyme transition.
Cross-Region Knowledge Flows in China: New Evidence from a Negative Binomial Gravity Model Using Co-Publication Data

In recent years, collaborative knowledge production has become a central concern, not only for the scientific community but also for policy makers. In particular, there is a lively debate on the role of geographical space for research collaborations. Up to now, nearly no systematic empirical research has been reported that investigates collaborative knowledge production in China. This study tries to fill this gap by focusing on the geographical and technological dimension of research collaborations between 31 Chinese regions. We use scientific publications with multiple author addresses (co-publications) as a proxy for collaborative knowledge production and analyse more than 140 thousand Chinese scientific publications of the year 2007 coming from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database. The objective is to detect spatial patterns of research collaborations in China by means of spatial data and network analysis techniques, and to estimate the impact of geographical, technological and economic factors on the variation of cross-region collaboration activities within a regional gravity model framework. Given the overdispersion in our data, we employ a Negative Binomial specification for our gravity equations. The results provide prima facie evidence that geographical space bears essential barriers for cross-region collaborative knowledge production in China. However, technological proximity matters more than geographical factors, while economic effects only play a minor role. In a Chinese research and technology policy context, the results suggest further efforts and purposeful measures - such as harmonising the Chinese research and education systems - to integrate the Chinese research area.
A GIS-BASED MODEL TO IMPROVE ESTIMATION OF ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS OF SECONDARY FORESTS IN THE PHILIPPINES

MAGCALE-MACANDONG, D. B. , DELGADO, M. E. M. , TY, E. & VILLARIN, J. R. T. 2006. Model berasaskan GIS bagi memperbaiki anggaran biojisim atas tanah hutan sekunder di Filipina. Satu model berasaskan sistem maklumat geografi (GIS) dikembangkan untuk menganggar ruang biojisim atas tanah hutan sekunder di Filipina. Satu pangkalan data ciri-ciri fizikal (jenis tanah, cerun, ketinggian) dan iklim (zon agroiklim, hujan tahunan) bagi unit pentadbiran (wilayah) yang berlainan di dalam negara dibentuk daripada data sekunder dan peta-peta yang sedia ada. Peta tema bagi ciri-ciri fizikal dan iklim di atas diasaskan untuk seluruh negara. Data terbitan bagi diameter pada paras dada (dbh) untuk pokok-pokok di dalam hutan sekunder dan ladang-ladang Swietenia macrophylla dan Dipterocarpus sp. digunakan untuk menganggar biojisim atas tanah menggunakan persamaan regresi alometrik. Hubungan antara faktor-faktor fizikal dan iklim (pemboleh-pemboleh ubah tak bersandar atau ramal) dengan biojisim atas tanah hutan (pemboleh ubah bersandar) ditentukan menggunakan analisis regresi linear berbilang. Persamaan yang didapati digunakan untuk menganggar potensi biojisim atas tanah bagi hutan sekunder di dalam negara. Penindihan peta biojisim berpotensi dengan peta kawasan hutan sekunder yang tinggal menghasilkan peta anggaran biojisim atas tanah bagi hutan sekunder. Kajian ini menunjukkan potensi GIS dalam menganggar biojisim hutan pada lokasi dan keadaan persekitaran yang berbeza. Model berasaskan GIS boleh diperbaiki lagi dengan adanya data biojisim pokok dan peta digital.
Active Disturbance rejection Hopf bifurcation suppression strategy based on DC microgrid DC-DC converter

To solve the problem that the output voltage of the Buck converter is easily affected by the change of system parameters, which reduces the energy transmission quality, a linear active disturbance rejection control strategy is proposed in this paper. Firstly, a discrete mathematical model is established to analyze that Hopf bifurcation disturbance is the cause of low-frequency oscillation of output voltage, and the existence of Hopf bifurcation disturbance is verified by simulation. Secondly, based on the theoretical analysis, the suppression effect of improving the error feedback control rate on Hopf bifurcation disturbance is designed. Moreover, the stability of the control strategy under Hopf bifurcation disturbance is analyzed by using frequency-domain theory. Finally, the suppression of Hopf bifurcation disturbance by the proposed control strategy and the traditional PI control strategy under different working conditions is compared by simulation analysis. The results show that the proposed linear active disturbance rejection control strategy can effectively suppress Hopf bifurcation disturbance and guarantee the performance of the Buck converter.
Do Bridges Affect Migrating Juvenile Salmon: Tracking Juvenile Salmon and Predator FishMovements and Habitat Use Near the SR 520 Bridge in Lake Washington

Author(s): Bloch, Philip; Celedonia, Mark; Tabor, Roger | Abstract: Large anthropogenic infrastructure such as major bridges in and near waterways can influence the ecological dynamics of the nearby aquatic environment. These influences may affect behavior, habitat use, fitness, and survival of fishes. Chinook salmon (Oncoryhnchus tshawytscha) spawning in tributaries to Lake Washington typically spend three to five months rearing in Lake Washington before travelling through the Lake Washington Ship Canal to Puget Sound. Most salmon smolts in Lake Washington must pass beneath the SR520 Bridge en route to Puget Sound. Plans to replace the existing bridge have sparked interest in how smolts and potential predators behave around and use the bridge.To address this interest, we tracked Chinook smolts, smallmouth bass and northern pikeminnow in a 17.2 ha area along a 560 m stretch of the SR520 bridge during June-July 2007 and 2008 using fine-scale acoustic tracking. During the 2007 tracking season a total of 171 smolts were released in three June release groups and 162 were successfully tracked in the study area. Repeating the study design in 2008, 181 smolts were released and 133 were successfully tracked in the study area during a total of four release groups occurring in June and July. Although this study focused on the SR 520 bridge, many fish were also observed at a downstream tracking station approximately 2-miles downstream allowing us to evaluate movements within and between sites. Different release groups appear to exhibit different behaviors, some release groups rapidly migrated through the SR 520 tracking area in l 3 h (“migrating”), while other release groups were often detected ≥ 2 days (“holding”). The bridge appeared to delay some migrating smolts. These delays were typically short in duration as salmon would move along the bridge – typically towards the shoreline – prior to migrating past the bridge. Many holding smolts used areas near the bridge extensively. Timing of migrational cues, physiological smolt status, water temperature and clarity, and macrophytes may have influenced movement timing and habitat use. During the same study periods small numbers of northern pikeminnow and smallmouth bass were also tracked. Bass preferred habitats under overwater structures, including the bridge – particularly near bridge columns. Pikeminnow preferred macrophytes and overwater structures other than the bridge. Predator diets and abundance were also evaluated in and near the study area.These results suggest that the bridge in its current form may affect the movements of some Chinook smolts and may be preferred habitats for some salmon predators. The SR 520 Bridge Replacement Project is continuing to evaluate these results to help inform design of the proposed bridge replacement.
Processes influencing soil carbon storage following afforestation of pasture with Pinus radiata at different stocking densities in New Zealand

Since 1992, afforestation with Pinus radiata D. Don in New Zealand has led to the establishment of over 600 000 ha of new plantation forests, about 85% of which are on fertile pastures used previously for grazing sheep and cattle. While this leads to rapid accumulation of carbon (C) in vegetation, the effects of afforestation on soil C are poorly understood. We examined key soil C cycling processes at the (former) Tikitere agroforestry experimental site near Rotorua, New Zealand. In 1973, replicated stands of P. radiata (100 and 400 stems/ha) were established on pastures, while replicated pasture plots were maintained throughout the first 26-year rotation. In 1996, soil C and microbial biomass C in 0-0.10 m depth soil, in situ soil respiration and net N mineralisation, and soil temperature were lower in the forest than in the pasture, and tended to decline with increasing tree-stocking density. In the 400 stems/ha stands, mineral soil C (0-0.50 m depth) was lower than in the pasture (104 and 126 Mg C/ha, respectively; P < 0.01). Carbon accumulation in the forest floor during the first rotation of these forest stands was 12 Mg C/ha. Using the Rothamsted soil C model (Roth-C), we examined how changes in plant C inputs following afforestation might lead to changes in soil C content to 0.30 m depth. Steady-state pasture inputs of 9.0 Mg C/ha.year were estimated using Roth-C; these C inputs were assumed to decrease linearly during the first 12 years following tree establishment (until canopy closure). Below-ground C inputs in the forest were estimated using steady-state relationships between litterfall and soil respiration; these inputs were assumed to increase linearly between years 1 and 12, after which they remained constant at 1.53 Mg C/ha.year until harvest. Measured changes in soil C (0−0.30 m) during the first rotation, in conjunction with the below-ground inputs, were used to estimate above-ground inputs (as a proportion of total litterfall (3.81 Mg C/ha.year)) to the soil. Our results suggest 10% of litterfall C over one rotation actually entered the mineral soil. Using these results and estimates of additional C inputs to the soil from harvest slash and weeds following harvest, we found mineral-soil C stocks would continue to decline during second and third rotations of P. radiata; the magnitude of this decline depended in part on how much slash enters the mineral soil matrix. We confirmed our modelling approach by simulating soil C changes to within 8% over 19 years following afforestation of pasture at another previously studied site, Purukohukohu. Whether afforestation leads to an increase or decrease in mineral-soil C may depend on previous pasture management; in highly productive pastures, high C inputs to the soil may maintain soil C at levels that cannot be sustained when trees are planted onto these grasslands.
A Short History of India’s Economy: Pre- and Post-Independence Period

Summary India is one of the most populated countries in the world and was famously known as the golden bird. It was known for its rich cultural heritage and some of the world’s most significant educational institutions. Over the countless decades and centuries, the invaders exploited the resources for their advantage. At the decline of the independence in 1947, it was left backward with one of the poorest economies of the world of that time. The richness of erstwhile India, the status of the golden bird, the sacred intellectual space that India occupied has only textual value for the present generation. Through this academic paper, an attempt has been made to address the following questions: what was the state of the economy of India during the pre- and post-independence period, how has India transformed herself from one of the most impoverished economies in 1947 to currently the third-largest economy in the world, and how is the current economic and non-economic status of India.
Social Capital and Social Networks in the Life Sciences Industry Clusters. An Analysis of Selected Case Studies

Abstract Subject and purpose of work: The study aims to explore the role of social capital in the new concept of “effective” cluster, by exploiting not only its human and financial assets but also the social networks with the cluster. Materials and methods: The study presents the case-study findings of the five life-sciences clusters which were conducted in 2018-2019. Additionally, the article discusses the role of social capital and the collaborative efforts within the life sciences clusters during the Covid-19 pandemic. Results: All the analyzed cluster environments have their own social dynamics. Considering the scale and scope of social ties, the Cambridge and Medicon Valley clusters conform with the concept of the “functional clusters”, while the Bay Area and Seattle clusters can be classified as “effective clusters”. Conclusions: All the cluster ecosystems have evolved from different origins and they follow different evolutionary paths. Yet, clusters with richer social capital achieve higher collaborative synergy, leading to an increase in knowledge spillovers and innovations. Public policies should focus on the active promotion of social networks and market-oriented intermediaries connecting main cluster partners.
New Rb—Sr Age Data for the Sub-Jotnian Volcanics (Dala Porphyries) in the Los-Hamra Region, Central Sweden

Abstract Three new age determinations using the Rb—Sr whole rock method are presented for the sub-Jotnian Dala porphyries. Together with previously published analyses (Welin et al. 1966 and Priem et al. 1968) an isochron age of 1669 ± 38 m. y. is obtained using a decay constant of 1.39 · 10−11 yr−1 (Fig. 2).
ixabepilone: a new treatment option for the management of taxane-resistant metastatic breast cancer

: Ixabepilone (Ixempra ® ; Bristol-Myers Squibb) is a novel microtubule stabilizing agent recently approved for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer (MBC). This article focuses on considerations for ixabepilone administration and adverse event (AE) management, draw-ing from the biomedical literature indexed in PubMed, published abstracts from the American Society of Clinical Oncology annual meetings, and the manufacturer’s prescribing information for ixabepilone. Administered as monotherapy or in combination with capecitabine in clinical studies, ixabepilone demonstrated positive clinical response rates, prolonged progression-free survival, and a favorable safety profile in patients with MBC. Treatment-related AEs were predictable and manageable with dose modification, treatment interruption, and active management. As ixabepilone undergoes development in earlier lines of breast cancer therapy and in other solid tumors, oncology nurses will encounter more and more patients receiving ixabepilone therapy. If nurses are acquainted with the unique management strategies associated with ixabepilone treatment, as detailed herein, patients are more likely to receive the full benefit of therapy.
Improvement of Thermocline Structure that Affect ENSO Performance in a Coupled GCM

Many coupled atmosphere-ocean general circulation models (AOGCMs) have difficulty reproducing the El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon. The AOGCM MIROC underestimates ENSO variability. This paper investigates the dependence of the simulated ENSO amplitude on the treatment of ocean subsurface processes.Excessive vertical diffusivity in the subsurface ocean interferes the reproduction of a tightly stratified thermocline because the MIROC model includes numerical instability in the vertical diffusion computation and uses a large background diffusivity. The introduction of a stable numerical scheme and small background diffusivity helped improve the stratification. The improved thermocline enhanced the ENSO amplitude because the vertical heat exchange between above and below the thermocline was enhanced during the El Nino phase.
Epidemiologie und Diagnostik der pAVK

Die periphere arterielle Verschlusskrankheit (pAVK) gilt als Markererkrankung einer multilokulären Atherosklerose und ist mit einem hohen kardiovaskulären Risiko assoziiert. Die häufig asymptomatisch verlaufende Erkrankung wird meist unterdiagnostiziert und untertherapiert und deshalb gerade bei Diabetikern oft erst im fortgeschrittenen Stadium festgestellt. Für eine stadiengerechte Therapie ist die frühzeitige Diagnostik von zentraler Bedeutung.
Structured Penumbral Irradiance Computation

A definitive understanding of irradiance behavior in penumbral regions has been hard to come by, mainly due to the computational expense of determining the visible parts of an area light source. Consequently, sampling strategies have been mostly ad hoc, and evaluation of the resulting approximations has been difficult. In this paper, the structure of penumbral irradiance is investigated empirically and numerically. This study has been made feasible by the use of the discontinuity mesh and the backprojection, an efficient data structure representing visibility in regions of partial occlusion. Regions of penumbrae in which irradiance varies nonmonotonically are characterized empirically, and numerical tests are performed to determine the frequency of their occurrence. This study inspired the development of two algorithms for the construction of interpolating approximations to irradiance: one algorithm reduces the number of edges in the mesh defining the interpolant domain; and the other algorithm chooses among linear, quadratic, and mixed interpolants based on irradiance monotonicity. Results from numerical tests and images are presented that demonstrate good performance of the new algorithms for various realistic test configurations.