Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
"The Seven Claps" of Quan-Zhou Chest-Clapping with Motion Capture

This paper focuses on the motion capture method of the certain variety of South China traditional folk dance, Quan-zhou Chest-clapping. The authors used Vicon Motion Capture system to capture the motion of “the seven claps”, the basic form of Quan-zhou Chest-clapping Dance, and optimized the capture procedures and acting standards for the clapping and certain motions’ capture. To process the motion data , the authors used the Motionanalysis system to obtain the six degrees of freedom of certain basic dance motions, by measuring the motions’ maximum and minimum values of linear displacements and angular displacements on axis X ,Y and Z. Based on the measuring results of the motions’ degrees of freedom, the authors further discussed the quantification of motion course and developed the integrate exclusive motion capturing assessment criteria.
Basis of the analysis and design for fire-induced collapses in structures

This paper will present some simple ideas which form, in the authors' experience, the basis for dealing with structural design and analysis in case of fire actions. To this aim, the following aspects are discussed: 1) the characteristics of high probability-low consequences (HPLC) versus low probability-high consequences (LPHC) events; 2) the systemic nature of fire accidents; 3) the concept of risk and the related activities, as risk analysis, risk assessment, and risk management; 4) the identification and development of fire scenarios. Specific attention is devoted to the interactions among the different aspects that need to be modelled, which are fire development, heat transfer, structural response and human behaviour. In the last part, some considerations are developed considering the case of a tall building subjected to fire and few critical results of the structural analysis are discussed.
Powder-blasting technology as an alternative tool for microfabrication of capillary electrophoresis chips with integrated conductivity sensors

The fabrication and characterization of a microfluidic device for capillary electrophoresis applications is presented. The device consists of a glass chip which contains a single separation channel as well as an integrated conductivity detection cell. In contrast to most microfluidic glass devices the channels are not wet etched in HF but machined by the newly developed micro powder-blasting technique which allows the creation of microstructures below 100 µm, and additionally makes parallel hole machining at very low costs outside the cleanroom environment possible [1, 2]. The integration of the conductivity detector was achieved by leading two thin-film metal electrodes inside the separation channel. For rapid sample injection the chip is mounted inside an autosampler-based capillary electrophoresis platform. The detection electrodes for conductivity detection are read out by lock-in amplifier electronics. First measurements show the successful separation of various ions in the sub-millimeter range.
High-Pressure Processing for Sustainable Food Supply

Sustainable food supply has gained considerable consumer concern due to the high percentage of spoilage microorganisms. Food industries need to expand advanced technologies that can maintain the nutritive content of foods, enhance the bio-availability of bioactive compounds, provide environmental and economic sustainability, and fulfill consumers’ requirements of sensory characteristics. Heat treatment negatively affects food samples’ nutritional and sensory properties as bioactives are sensitive to high-temperature processing. The need arises for non-thermal processes to reduce food losses, and sustainable developments in preservation, nutritional security, and food safety are crucial parameters for the upcoming era. Non-thermal processes have been successfully approved because they increase food quality, reduce water utilization, decrease emissions, improve energy efficiency, assure clean labeling, and utilize by-products from waste food. These processes include pulsed electric field (PEF), sonication, high-pressure processing (HPP), cold plasma, and pulsed light. This review describes the use of HPP in various processes for sustainable food processing. The influence of this technique on microbial, physicochemical, and nutritional properties of foods for sustainable food supply is discussed. This approach also emphasizes the limitations of this emerging technique. HPP has been successfully analyzed to meet the global requirements. A limited global food source must have a balanced approach to the raw content, water, energy, and nutrient content. HPP showed positive results in reducing microbial spoilage and, at the same time, retains the nutritional value. HPP technology meets the essential requirements for sustainable and clean labeled food production. It requires limited resources to produce nutritionally suitable foods for consumers’ health.
New statistical model for atmospheric optical scintillation and its application

A generic statistical model, termed Malaga, or M distribution has been proposed recently for the irradiance fluctuations. Based on this model, the irradiance has been written as a product of one term that model large-scale turbulent effects by a second term that represents the statistically independent small-scale turbulent effects. The distribution of the small-scale fluctuations has been derived in terms of the confluent hypergeometric function. The large-scale fluctuations is widely accepted to be a log-normal (LN) amplitude, however, to derive a closed-form expression for the probability density function of the M distribution, it has been modelled by Gamma distribution. It is well-known that the Gamma distribution is not a good approximation for LN distribution. Hence, in this paper, the inverse Gaussian distribution is proposed, as an alternative to the LN model. It is demonstrated that this substitution gives birth to a new statistical model, termed S distribution, which can be written in a closed-form expression and makes it possible to model accurately the irradiance fluctuations. To give an application, the performance of a wireless optical heterodyne communication system is investigated over S -distributed turbulence channel and closed-form expression is derived for the average bit error rate of the system.
Chitosan Reinforced with Kenaf Nanocrystalline Cellulose as an Effective Carrier for the Delivery of Platelet Lysate in the Acceleration of Wound Healing

The clinical use of platelet lysate (PL) in the treatment of wounds is limited by its rapid degradation by proteases at the tissue site. This research aims to develop a chitosan (CS) and kenaf nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) hydrogel composite, which intend to stabilize PL and control its release onto the wound site for prolonged action. NCC was synthesized from raw kenaf bast fibers and incorporated into the CS hydrogel. The physicochemical properties, in vitro cytocompatibility, cell proliferation, wound scratch assay, PL release, and CS stabilizing effect of the hydrogel composites were analyzed. The study of swelling ratio (>1000%) and moisture loss (60–90%) showed the excellent water retention capacity of the CS-NCC-PL hydrogels as compared with the commercial product. In vitro release PL study (flux = 0.165 mg/cm2/h) indicated that NCC act as a nanofiller and provided the sustained release of PL compared with the CS hydrogel alone. The CS also showed the protective effect of growth factor (GF) present in PL, thereby promoting fast wound healing via the formulation. The CS-NCC hydrogels also augmented fibroblast proliferation in vitro and enhanced wound closures over 72 h. This study provides a new insight on CS with renewable source kenaf NCC as a nanofiller as a potential autologous PL wound therapy.
Hot-carrier degradation of p-MOSFET's under analog operation

The hot-carrier degradation of p-MOSFET's is investigated from the viewpoint of analog operation. We apply sensitive measurement methods to determine drain current, drain conductance, and transconductance in the saturation regime besides the commonly investigated parameters in the linear regime of operation. Those investigations are performed for different gate lengths in order to allow comparisons between the shortest channels used for digital and the long channels usually used for analog operation, it is found that the drain conductance important in many analog applications, does not show a channel length dependence for gate lengths above 1.5 times the minimum gate length. The stress time dependencies are determined predominantly finding logarithmic behaviors. These findings are explained by a model which highlights the importance of the lengths of the regions of damage and carrier velocity saturation. Moreover, the dependencies of the different characterization parameters on stress time, channel length and voltages of operation are evaluated. Finally, methods are given for extrapolation of degradation of analog parameters to operating conditions for reliability assurance.
Interaction Effect of Vitamin E-selenium Supplementation and Metabolic Energy on Reproductive Performance of Joper Breeders

The side effect of fatty acid oxidation during lippoprotein synthesis is the release of oxygen in the tissue called reactive oxygen species (ROS). Metabolic stress in Joper brooders due to an imbalance between ROS and antioxidants causes a decrease in hatching egg production and quality. Therefore, research is needed to improve the reproductive performance of Joper broodstock by combining vitamin E-selenium supplementation and metabolic energy. This study used 200 hatched eggs resulting from a cross between 60 weeks old Sentul males and 35 weeks old ISA BROWN laying hens that had been treated. This study used a Factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) (2 x 4). The first factor is the energy level (2700 and 2800 kcal/kg) and the second factor is the dose of vitamin E-selenium supplementation (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 ppm). Selenium dosage is 1ppm/mg vitamin E. The interaction between vitamin E-selenium supplementation and energy had a very significant effect (P<0.01) in increasing DOC weight. The single factor energy level and vitamin E-selenium supplementation significantly (p<0.05) in reducing embryo mortality and increasing hatchability, while fertility and eggshell quality were not affected by the two treatment factors. The conclusion of this study is the interaction between vitamin E-selenium supplementation and energy levels can increase the weight of Joper's DOC, while the single factor of vitamin E-selenium supplementation and energy levels can reduce embryo mortality and increase hatchability. The best interaction with 100 ppm vitamin E-selenium supplementation and energy 2800 kcal/kg.
An assessment framework for classifying determinants of household water consumption and their priorities for research and practice

: Achieving a thorough understanding of the determinants of household water consumption is crucial to support demand management strategies. Yet, existing research on household water consumption determinants is often limited to specific case studies, with findings that are difficult to generalize and not conclusive. Here, we contribute a framework for review, classification, and analysis of the literature on the determinants of household water consumption. Firstly, we identify a comprehensive set of 48 relevant publications, based on a systematic paper search. The framework firstly classifies household determinants into observable (physically seen/measured aspects of the house), latent (relates to the way occupants think/act/feel) and external (external to house and influence at regional level). Secondly, we undertake a trade-off analysis of different criteria that account for the representation of a potential water consumption determinant in the literature, its impact across heterogeneous case studies, and the effort required to collect information on it. The results of our trade-off analysis show that distinct groups of determinants exist, allowing for the formulation of four recommendation categories. These provide guidance for practitioners on which determinants to consider in practice and for researchers to prioritize in future research (Figure 1) .
Non-destructive testing—current capabilities and future directions

Abstract The non-destructive testing (NDT) industry is reviewed, the major techniques being described and current development directions and challenges identified. Visual inspection is probably the most widely used NDT technique but it does not generally involve the purchase of dedicated NDT instrumentation so it does not appear in market estimates. The NDT market is dominated by the ‘big five’ techniques: radiography, ultrasonics, eddy current, magnetic particle and penetrant testing. There is considerable research and development effort in other areas, particularly for niche markets. Nondestructive testing is a mature industry, the global market size for equipment being around $1 billion. However, the cost to users greatly exceeds this since much inspection is highly labour intensive, and extensive preparation for inspection is often required, particularly in-service. There is therefore a continuing drive to increase the speed of inspection, to reduce the preparation required and, if possible, to inspect without the need to shut down operation. With some notable exceptions, it is possible to find most types of defect. However, it is frequently not cost effective to do the inspection, so driving down overall inspection costs is a major research and development aim. The other significant research and development areas are in improving inspection reliability and in finding solutions in cases where there is currently no available inspection technique.
Modelling of Dynamic Behaviour in Magnetic Nanoparticles

The efficient development and utilisation of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) for applications in enhanced biosensing relies on the use of magnetisation dynamics, which are primarily governed by the time-dependent motion of the magnetisation due to externally applied magnetic fields. An accurate description of the physics involved is complex and not yet fully understood, especially in the frequency range where Néel and Brownian relaxation processes compete. However, even though it is well known that non-zero, non-static local fields significantly influence these magnetisation dynamics, the modelling of magnetic dynamics for MNPs often uses zero-field dynamics or a static Langevin approach. In this paper, we developed an approximation to model and evaluate its performance for MNPs exposed to a magnetic field with varying amplitude and frequency. This model was initially developed to predict superparamagnetic nanoparticle behaviour in differential magnetometry applications but it can also be applied to similar techniques such as magnetic particle imaging and frequency mixing. Our model was based upon the Fokker–Planck equations for the two relaxation mechanisms. The equations were solved through numerical approximation and they were then combined, while taking into account the particle size distribution and the respective anisotropy distribution. Our model was evaluated for Synomag®-D70, Synomag®-D50 and SHP-15, which resulted in an overall good agreement between measurement and simulation.
Evaluation of Inductive Contactless Power Transfer Outlet with Coaxial Coreless Transformer

A contactless outlet for dc distribution systems is proposed. It uses an inductive contactless power transfer circuit with a series/parallel compensation circuit to prevent voltage fluctuation. However, the output voltage of the circuit rises in light load conditions. In this paper, the main circuit and control method for reducing the rise in output voltage and a method of estimating the output voltage are presented. The proposed circuit and methods were verified and evaluated experimentally using feedback control.
Anisotropic Diffusion Filtering Operation and Limitations - Magnetic Resonance Imaging Evaluation

Abstract High-frequency noise is present in magnetic resonance images and it is usually removed by a filtering process. The anisotropic diffusion filter (ADF) was proposed to adaptively remove the noise, maintaining the image edges. However, as quantified in this paper for the first time, ADF methods still produce unsatisfactory results. While previous ADF implementations used the gradient of the strongest edges or the standard deviation of a planar region (i.e. without any edges), it is proposed a novel approach with improved parameter estimation based on both edge and planar region, overcoming some of ADF important limitations. Our framework was validated in more than thirty magnetic resonance images leading to more consistent results.
Benefits from wood interior in a hospital room: a preference study

New design strategies, focusing on implementing the psychologically beneficial effects of nature in the built environment, are increasingly being implemented in building design. The design of built settings is of particular importance in environments intended for healing, such as hospitals. Preferences for a setting are thought to be indicators of factors in the environment that can enhance health and well-being both for patients and those who care for them. The aim of this study is to investigate preferences for natural construction materials in patient rooms. An online survey was distributed to all employees in one department at a Norwegian hospital. Respondents (n=93) included nurses and auxiliary nurses, physicians, and other hospital staff. In the survey, the employees were asked to evaluate 10 computer-manipulated pictures of patient rooms with different amounts and dispositions of wood on surfaces. The results indicate that employees prefer patient rooms with an intermediate degree of wood. The least liked room was the room with pine wood on all surfaces.
Parasitic reactive effects in transconductors based on differential pairs

The linearity of transconductors based on a single differential pair and on cross-coupled differential pairs is analysed. Both electrical simulations and theoretical calculations demonstrate that due to the parasitic reactive effects associated with the common-source operation the superior linearity behaviour of the cross-coupled connection at lower frequencies is not maintained for signal frequencies in the range of 100 MHz or higher. At such frequencies, the single differential pair is a better choice for reasons of bandwidth and economy of power dissipation.
Quantum Dots: Synthesis, Antibody Conjugation, and HER2-Receptor Targeting for Breast Cancer Therapy

Breast cancer is becoming one of the main lethal carcinomas in the recent era, and its occurrence rate is increasing day by day. There are different breast cancer biomarkers, and their overexpression takes place in the metastasis of cancer cells. The most prevalent breast cancer biomarker is the human epidermal growth factor receptor2 (HER2). As this biomarker is overexpressed in malignant breast tissues, it has become the main focus in targeted therapies to fight breast cancer. There is a cascade of mechanisms involved in metastasis and cell proliferation in cancer cells. Nanotechnology has become extremely advanced in targeting and imaging cancerous cells. Quantum dots (QDs) are semiconductor NPs, and they are used for bioimaging, biolabeling, and biosensing. They are synthesized by different approaches such as top-down, bottom-up, and synthetic methods. Fully human monoclonal antibodies synthesized using transgenic mice having human immunoglobulin are used to target malignant cells. For the HER2 receptor, herceptin® (trastuzumab) is the most specific antibody (Ab), and it is conjugated with QDs by using different types of coupling mechanisms. This quantum dot monoclonal antibody (QD-mAb) conjugate is localized by injecting it into the blood vessel. After the injection, it goes through a series of steps to reach the intracellular space, and bioimaging of specifically the HER2 receptor occurs, where apoptosis of the cancer cells takes place either by the liberation of Ab or the free radicals.
Passivation layers for reduced total dose effects and ELDRS in linear bipolar devices

It is shown that final chip passivation layers can have a significant impact on total dose hardness. A number of final chip passivation layers are evaluated to identify films that mitigate enhanced low-dose-rate sensitivity (ELDRS) in National Semiconductor Corporation's linear bipolar technologies. It is shown that devices fabricated with either a low temperature oxide or a tetraethyl ortho silicate passivation do not exhibit significant ELDRS effects up to 100 krad(SiO/sub 2/). Passivation studies on CMOS SRAMs suggest that it is unlikely that the passivation layers (or processing tools) are acting as a new source of hydrogen, which could drift or diffuse into the oxide and increase ELDRS sensitivity. Instead, it is possible that the passivation layers affect the mechanical stress in the oxide, which may affect oxide trap properties and possibly the release and mobility of hydrogen. Correlations between mechanical stress induced by the passivation layers and radiation degradation are discussed.
Monitoring of Neuroendocrine Changes in Acute Stage of Severe Craniocerebral Injury by Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound Image Features Based on Artificial Intelligence Algorithm

This study was aimed at exploring the application value of transcranial Doppler (TCD) based on artificial intelligence algorithm in monitoring the neuroendocrine changes in patients with severe head injury in the acute phase; 80 patients with severe brain injury were included in this study as the study subjects, and they were randomly divided into the control group (conventional TCD) and the experimental group (algorithm-optimized TCD), 40 patients in each group. An artificial intelligence neighborhood segmentation algorithm for TCD images was designed to comprehensively evaluate the application value of this algorithm by measuring the TCD image area segmentation error and running time of this algorithm. In addition, the Glasgow coma scale (GCS) and each neuroendocrine hormone level were used to assess the neuroendocrine status of the patients. The results showed that the running time of the artificial intelligence neighborhood segmentation algorithm for TCD was 3.14 ± 1.02 s, which was significantly shorter than 32.23 ± 9.56 s of traditional convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithms (P < 0.05). The false rejection rate (FRR) of TCD image area segmentation of this algorithm was significantly reduced, and the false acceptance rate (FAR) and true acceptance rate (TAR) were significantly increased (P < 0.05). The consistent rate of the GCS score and Doppler ultrasound imaging diagnosis results in the experimental group was 93.8%, which was significantly higher than the 80.3% in the control group (P < 0.05). The consistency rate of Doppler ultrasound imaging diagnosis results of patients in the experimental group with abnormal levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), prolactin (PRL), growth hormone (GH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). In summary, the artificial intelligence neighborhood segmentation algorithm can significantly shorten the processing time of the TCD image and reduce the segmentation error of the image area, which significantly improves the monitoring level of TCD for patients with severe craniocerebral injury and has good clinical application value.