Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Polynomial wavelets in hybrid‐mixed stress finite element models

This paper reports the use of polynomial wavelets as approximation functions in hybrid‐mixed stress finite element models applied to the solution of plane elasticity problems. The stress and displacement fields in the domain and the displacements on the static boundary are independently approximated. The kinematic boundary conditions are locally satisfied. All remaining equations are enforced in a weighted residual form so designed as to ensure that the discrete model embodies the relevant properties of continuum systems, namely the static‐kinematic duality and elastic reciprocity. A set of numerical applications is presented to illustrate the use of the hybrid‐mixed model and to assess its efficiency and accuracy. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A price index of farmed fish: The case of Turkish aquaculture market

Abstract This study analyzed the market price dynamics of farmed fish using a price index in Turkey. A specific “Price Index” incorporating the leading aquaculture species produced by Turkish aquaculture, has been calculated for a five-year period spanning from 2016 to 2020. The empirical analysis is based on 60-month price and quantity data of chosen aquaculture species traded in a major wholesale fish market. Calculated prize index clearly indicates the noticeable effects of unusual economic and market dynamics on farmed fish prices. The significant increase in prices of agricultural inputs including aquafeed, electricity, fuel, maintenance of materials, and maintenance of buildings, as well as the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020, are the major factors influencing upward changes in price index. The “Turkish Aquaculture Price Index” is a practical tool that uses numerical expressions to reflect the periodic increase or decrease in the price of the aquaculture product commodity and makes significant contributions to understanding the price patterns and factors that have a cointegrated relation with the price changes in aquaculture market.
An eigenvalue theory of circular birefringence and dichroism in a non-magnetic chiral medium

By means of known constitutive relations for the D and H fields, which include both electric quadrupole and magnetic dipole terms, an eigenvalue theory is developed for electromagnetic wave propagation in an absorbing chiral medium. The theory allows the polarization eigenvectors to be determined, which the medium supports, and also their refractive indices and absorption coefficients. Uniaxial and cubic crystals, as well as an ideal gas, are treated in this way, and expressions are derived for their circular birefringence and dichroism in terms of property tensors of the medium. These expressions are shown to be independent of the arbitrary origin to which the multipole moments are referred. The theory is also applicable to artificial chiral materials which are "optically active" in the microwave regime.
The Multiobjective Vending Problem: A Generalization of the Travelling Salesman Problem

A generalization of the travelling salesman problem is introduced. Each node has an associated reward, and a penalty is incurred by travelling between nodes. In the multiobjective vending problem, the subset of nodes and associated tour which will minimize penalty and maximize reward is sought. The problem is placed within the context of multiobjective programming. A heuristic is proposed and evaluated, and it is found to give satisfactory performance when applied to a problem with twenty-five nodes. Further generalizations are suggested.
The natural variability of precipitating clouds over the western Pacific warm pool

The natural variability of precipitating cloud systems over the western Pacific ‘warm pool’ is investigated by analysing aircraft C‐band radar data collected on 24 aircraft missions during the Coupled Ocean‐Atmosphere Response Experiment of the Tropical Ocean and Global Atmosphere programme (TOGA COARE) in relation to the infrared (IR) temperature patterns measured contemporaneously by geosynchronous satellite. the data are analysed at fine (24 km × 24 km) and coarse (240 km diameter) horizontal resolutions, which correspond to typical resolutions of mesoscale and general‐ciruclation models, repectively. The analysis is statistical and imposes no a priori conceptual model or subjectively decided‐upon structure categories. The mean IR temperature of cloud tops, and the sizes of rain areas mapped by radar (and objectively subdivided into convective and stratiform subareas), are tallied and relatted to each other to obtain statistics respresentative of the four‐month period of the TOGA COARE.
Women Entrepreneurs in the Film Industry: Obstacles, Challenges, and Opportunities

This paper does a review of the literature that exists for women entrepreneurs in the film industry and includes a look at some major statistical revelations. It does this primarily through a literature review and research on the major articles on women entrepreneurs in the film industry as well as researching industry data from key statistical sources. The findings indicate that women entrepreneurs in the film industry are at a great disadvantage compared to their male counterparts and that this is especially potent for minority women entrepreneurs in the film industry. In order to overcome these deficiencies women entrepreneurs in the film industry have to create network structures that are relevant and reliable and include those both inside and outside the film industry, those in the financial industry and those willing to train and educate the women entrepreneurs on the nuances of the said film industry.
Spotlight on CYP4B1

The mammalian cytochrome P450 monooxygenase CYP4B1 can bioactivate a wide range of xenobiotics, such as its defining/hallmark substrate 4-ipomeanol leading to tissue-specific toxicities. Similar to other members of the CYP4 family, CYP4B1 has the ability to hydroxylate fatty acids and fatty alcohols. Structural insights into the enigmatic role of CYP4B1 with functions in both, xenobiotic and endobiotic metabolism, as well as its unusual heme-binding characteristics are now possible by the recently solved crystal structures of native rabbit CYP4B1 and the p.E310A variant. Importantly, CYP4B1 does not play a major role in hepatic P450-catalyzed phase I drug metabolism due to its predominant extra-hepatic expression, mainly in the lung. In addition, no catalytic activity of human CYP4B1 has been observed owing to a unique substitution of an evolutionary strongly conserved proline 427 to serine. Nevertheless, association of CYP4B1 expression patterns with various cancers and potential roles in cancer development have been reported for the human enzyme. This review will summarize the current status of CYP4B1 research with a spotlight on its roles in the metabolism of endogenous and exogenous compounds, structural properties, and cancer association, as well as its potential application in suicide gene approaches for targeted cancer therapy.
On the -Biharmonic Operator with Critical Sobolev Exponent and Nonlinear Steklov Boundary Condition

We show that this operator possesses at least one nondecreasing sequence of positive eigenvalues. A direct characterization of the principal eigenvalue (the first one) is given that we apply to study the spectrum of the -biharmonic operator with a critical Sobolev exponent and the nonlinear Steklov boundary conditions using variational arguments and trace critical Sobolev embedding.
The production and perception of English consonant sequences by Japanese-speaking learners of English

This study reports the second part of a study investigating modifications of nonnative consonant sequences among Japanese speakers. A previous study (Sperbeck, 2009) that measured categorial discrimination demonstrated that some contrastive CC(C)V versus C\schwa\C(C)V sequences were hard for Japanese listeners (71% correct overall). Specifically, perceptual discrimination of voiced stops plus liquids contexts was poor for Japanese listeners (67% correct). The current study explored difficulties in production and how production correlated with perception. Nonsense words were constructed as the stimuli. They were of the form /CC(C)ani/ and /C\schwa/C(C)ani/, where CC(C) combinations were /sp, sk, pl, kl, bl, gl, spl, skl/. A delayed imitation task was used to assess production. Participants heard a native speaker's productions (e.g., Say blani now) twice, produced the target word in isolation (e.g., blani), and then produced it in the carrier sentence (e.g., I said blani now). Two phonetically trained native English speakers perceptually transcribed the productions. Results showed that the overall percent correct was 64% among Japanese speakers. There was a significant correlation between perception and production performance (rho = + 0.78. p < 0.01). However, the major error type was vowel deletion, rather than vowel epenthesis in producing the C\schwa\CV tokens.
Thermal Aspects of Cryosurgery

Tissue reactions to cryosurgical procedures depend on temperature variations and on rates of temperature variations induced by freezing probes. In this paper thermal responses of biological systems undergoing freezing are obtained through the application of the finite element method to the solution of the nonlinear bio-equation. This model allows realistic predictions of isotherm fields and of rates of freezing in practically any cryosurgical procedure.
Prioritisation to prevent extinction

Prioritisation is about choice, and in the context of species extinction, it is about choosing what investments to make to prevent extinctions as opposed to assessing extinction risk, identifying species that are doomed to extinction, or mapping components of biodiversity. Prioritised investments may focus on conservation activities aimed at species protection or management, but they may also seek to acquire new knowledge to resolve uncertainties. Two core components of prioritisation are a clearly stated objective and knowledge ofwhat activities can be undertaken, acknowledging that there are likely to be dependencies between these activities. As the natural environment and society change, so will the enabling conditions for conservation, hence the need to be adaptable and proactive into the future.
On some confidence intervals for estimating the mean of a skewed population

A number of methods are available in the literature to measure confidence intervals. Here, confidence intervals for estimating the population mean of a skewed distribution are considered. This note proposes two alternative confidence intervals, namely, Median t and Mad t, which are simple adjustments to the Student's t confidence interval. In order to compare the performance of these intervals, the following criteria are considered: (i) coverage probability; (ii) average width; and (iii) ratio of coverage to width. A simulation study has been undertaken to compare the performance of the intervals. The simulation study shows that for small sample size and moderate to highly skewed distributions, the proposed Median t performs the best in the sense of higher coverage, and the Mad t performs best in the sense of smaller confidence width. The proposed methods are very easy to calculate and are not overly computer-intensive, like Bootstrap confidence intervals. Some real-life examples have been considered that support the findings of the paper to some extent.
A 1.4-GHz survey of the southern European Large-Area ISO Survey region

ABSTRA C T A deep survey of the European Large-Area ISO Survey (ELAIS) field in the southern celestial hemisphere (hereinafter S1) has been carried out with the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) at 1.4 GHz. The S1 region, covering about 4 deg 2 , has also been surveyed in the midand far-infrared (5‐200 mm) with the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO). The radio survey provides uniform coverage of the entire S1 region, with a sensitivity (5j) of 0.4 mJy over the whole area and 0.2 mJy in the centre. To this sensitivity, virtually all the radio counterparts of the far-infrared extragalactic ISO sources should be detected. This paper presents a radio sample ‐ complete at the 5j level ‐ consisting of 581 sources detected at 1.4 GHz. Of these radio sources, 349 have peak flux density in the range 0.2‐1 mJy, forming a new homogeneous sample of sub-mJy radio sources. Due to its size, depth and multiwaveband coverage, the sample will allow us to study in greater detail the sub-mJy radio source population. The full catalogue will be available from http://athena.ph. ic.ac. uk/pubs.html
Inside the Mechanism of Action of Three Pyrazole Derivatives in Human Platelets and Endothelial Cells

In the effort to obtain multitarget compound interfering with inflammation, oxidative stress, and tumorigenesis, we synthesized a small library of pyrazole compounds, selecting 4a, 4f, and 4g as the most noteworthy being IC50 against platelet ROS production induced by thrombin of about 10 µM. The in vitro antioxidant potential of the three molecules was evaluated, and since they show a remarkable antioxidative activity, their effect on several parameter indicative of oxidative status and on the efficiency of the aerobic metabolism was tested. The three molecules strongly inhibit superoxide anion production, lipid peroxidation, NADPH oxidase activity and almost restore the oxidative phosphorylation efficiency in thrombin-stimulated platelet, demonstrating a protective effect against oxidative stress. This effect was confirmed in endothelial cell in which 4a, 4f, and 4g show an interesting inhibition activity on H2O2-stimulated EA.hy926 cells. At last, antiproliferative activity of 4a, 4f, and 4g was submitted to a large screening at the NCI. The molecules show interesting anticancer activity, among them the most remarkable is 4g able to strongly inhibit the proliferation of both solid tumor and leukemia cells lines. In conclusion, all the three newly synthetized pyrazoles show remarkable antioxidant and antiproliferative effect worthy of further study.
Propagation of particles injected from interplanetary shocks: A black box model and its consequences for acceleration theory and data interpretation

Energetic protons in the hundreds of keV to the tens of MeV range frequently are observed in connection with traveling interplanetary shocks. Occasionally, the particle energies can extend up to about 100 MeV. The intensity time profiles at the observer's site are a superposition of the continuous, spatially and temporally variable acceleration at the shock and the subsequent interplanetary propagation. To gain a better understanding of both processes and to derive their relevant parameters, we extend a numerical solution of the model of focused transport to accommodate the shock as a moving source. No assumptions about the acceleration mechanism are made; the shock is treated as a black box. In this paper we introduce the model, discuss its validity, and present model results which have implications for acceleration theory and data interpretation. The main results concerning acceleration and propagation are as follows: (1) In the limit of strong scattering and low particle speeds our model converges toward diffusive shock acceleration. (2) For weak scattering or fast particles, spatial diffusion is an insufficient approximation for particle transport; in this case, the physical consequence is a fast escape from the shock, and the formal consequence is that the standard description of diffusive shock acceleration is insufficient. (3) Because of this fast escape, even a turbulent foreshock region, while it is perfectly capable of keeping 100 keV protons confined to the shock, would allow 10 MeV protons to stream away easily. Important results for data interpretation are as follows: (1) A quasi-exponential intensity increase upstream of the shock is not necessarily indicative of diffusive shock acceleration. (2) The intensity at the time of shock passage is a crude measure for the local acceleration efficiency as long as it stays constant or continues to rise.
An Exact and Practical Classical Strategy for 2D Graph State Sampling

Constant‐depth quantum circuits that prepare and measure graph states on 2D grids are proved to possess a computational quantum advantage over their classical counterparts due to quantum nonlocality and are also well suited for demonstrations on current superconducting quantum processor architectures. To simulate the partial or full sampling of 2D graph states, a practical two‐stage classical strategy that can exactly generate any number of samples (bit strings) from such circuits is proposed. The strategy is inspired by exploiting specific properties of a hidden linear function problem solved by the target quantum circuit, which in particular combines traditional classical parallel algorithms and an explicit gate‐based constant‐depth classical circuit together. A theoretical analysis reveals that on average each sample can be obtained in nearly constant time for sampling specific circuit instances of large size. Moreover, the feasibility of the theoretical model is demonstrated by implementing typical instances up to 25 qubits on a moderate field programmable gate array platform. Therefore, the strategy can be used as a practical tool for verifying experimental results obtained from shallow quantum circuits of this type.
Association of the Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase rs10069690 Polymorphism with the Risk, Age at Onset and Prognosis of Triple Negative Breast Cancer

Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) plays a key role in the maintenance of telomere DNA length. The rs10069690 single nucleotide variant, located in intron 4 of TERT, was found to be associated with telomere length and the risk of estrogen receptor-negative but not–positive breast cancer. This study aimed at analysis of the association of rs10069690 genotype and TERT expression with the risk, age at onset, prognosis, and clinically and molecularly relevant subtypes of breast cancer. Accordingly, rs10069690 was genotyped in a hospital-based case-control study of 403 female breast cancer patients and 246 female controls of a Central European (Austrian) study population, and the mRNA levels of TERT were quantified in 106 primary breast tumors using qRT-PCR. We found that in triple-negative breast cancer patients, the minor rs10069690 TT genotype tended to be associated with an increased breast cancer risk (OR, 1.87; 95% CI, 0.75–4.71; p = 0.155) and was significantly associated with 11.7 years younger age at breast cancer onset (p = 0.0002), whereas the CC genotype was associated with a poor brain metastasis-free survival (p = 0.009). Overall, our data show that the rs10069690 CC genotype and a high TERT expression tended to be associated with each other and with a poor prognosis. Our findings indicate a key role of rs10069690 in triple-negative breast cancer.
Interior point methods for solving Pareto eigenvalue complementarity problems

In this paper, we propose to solve Pareto eigenvalue complementarity problems by using interior-point methods. Precisely, we focus the study on an adaptation of the Mehrotra Predictor Corrector Method (MPCM) and a Non-Parametric Interior Point Method (NPIPM). We compare these two methods with two alternative methods, namely the Lattice Projection Method (LPM) and the Soft Max Method (SM). On a set of data generated from the Matrix Market, the performance profiles highlight the efficiency of MPCM and NPIPM for solving eigenvalue complementarity problems. We also consider an application to a concrete and large size situation corresponding to a geomechanical fracture problem. Finally, we discuss the extension of MPCM and NPIPM methods to solve quadratic pencil eigenvalue problems under conic constraints.
MAXWELL EQUATIONS FOR A GENERALISED LAGRANGIAN FUNCTIONAL ECUACIONES DE MAXWELL PARA UNA FUNCIONAL DE LAGRANGE GENERALIZADA

This work deals with the problem of the construction of the Lagrange functional for an electromagneticeld. The generalised Maxwell equations for an electromagneticeld in free space are introduced. The main idea relies on the change of Lagrange function under the integral action. Usually, the Lagrange functional which describes the electromagneticeld is built with the quadrate of the electromagneticeld tensor F ik . Such a quadrate term is the reason, from a mathematical point of view, for the linear form of the Maxwell equations in free space. The author does not make this assumption and nonlinear Maxwell equations are obtained. New material parameters of free space are established. The equations obtained are quite similar to the well-known Maxwell equations. The energy tensor of the electromagneticeld from a chiral approach to the Born Infeld Lagrangian is discussed in connection with the cosmological constant.
A Machine Learning Model for Air Quality Prediction in Smart Cities

Air pollution is one of the major environmental issues facing our planet and contributing to its global warming. As defined by the world health organization (WHO), air pollution denotes the presence of harmful substances that cause detrimental changes to air quality. Numerous studies have shown that long-term exposure to such toxic and poisonous air components has several adverse effects on human health and the living ecosystem in general. Furthermore, statistical studies have shown that pollution is tightly associated with mortality and morbidity. This is because it can cause a variety of diseases that range from cough and asthma to heart attacks and cancers. The most common air pollutants can be broadly classified into three categories: solid particles (e.g.mercury, lead), gaseous pollutants ( Nitrogen oxide, NO2, Carbon monoxide, CO, sulphur dioxide,SO2), and a mixture of liquid droplets and small particles called particulate matters . The concentrations of such components define the quality of the air. At high air pollutants’ concentrations, the atmospheric composition experiences severe changes, and is thus subject to a higher damage. Therefore, pollution levels can be evaluated by measuring the concentration of such elements in the air. These measurements are generally performed by air monitoring stations on hourly, daily, and monthly basis.
Cardiac calcium regulation in human induced pluripotent stem cell cardiomyocytes: Implications for disease modeling and maturation

Human induced pluripotent stem cell cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) are based on ground-breaking technology that has significantly impacted cardiovascular research. They provide a renewable source of human cardiomyocytes for a variety of applications including in vitro disease modeling and drug toxicity testing. Cardiac calcium regulation plays a critical role in the cardiomyocyte and is often dysregulated in cardiovascular disease. Due to the limited availability of human cardiac tissue, calcium handling and its regulation have most commonly been studied in the context of animal models. hiPSC-CMs can provide unique insights into human physiology and pathophysiology, although a remaining limitation is the relative immaturity of these cells compared to adult cardiomyocytes Therefore, this field is rapidly developing techniques to improve the maturity of hiPSC-CMs, further establishing their place in cardiovascular research. This review briefly covers the basics of cardiomyocyte calcium cycling and hiPSC technology, and will provide a detailed description of our current understanding of calcium in hiPSC-CMs.