Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
GROUPSET: A Set-Based Technique to Explore Time-Varying Data

We introduce GroupSet, a technique to facilitate the exploration of temporal charts using a set-based approach. GroupSet operates in a twofold way: first it classifies temporal data into categories (sets) for each time point, second it enables to explore such membership to categories (sets) over time. This approach enables to reveal temporal similarities of elements by categories (sets) memberships, usually hidden by overplot. We demonstrate the applicability of the technique to two case studies (traffic data and sport data) and report on usability feedback of an interactive prototype implementing the technique. Our code and datasets are published as an open-source project and we expect further research towards efficient set creation and temporal manipulation, which remain under-explored areas in the domain of set visualization and interaction.
Bank Credit and Industrial Sector Growth in Nigeria: An Empirical Analysis

This paper employed an econometric approach to examine the influence of bank credit on industrial sector performance of the Nigerian economy for the period 1981 to 2018. Data were obtained from the Central Bank of Nigeria statistical bulletin, and were subjected to diagnostic test before being used. The Phillip-Peron unit root test revealed that the variables were in mixed order of I(0) and I(1) thus necessitating the use of the ARDL technique of estimation. In testing for the existence of long-run relationship, the ARDL Bounds test was used in the analysis. The result of the Bounds test indicated the presence of long-run relationship between industrial sector performance and the explanatory variables in the model. The result from the ARDL short-run-dynamics and long-run form indicated that bank credit exerted a positive and significant influence on industrial sector performance both in the short-run and in the long-run. Lending rate was also seen to exert a negative, though insignificant, impact on the industrial sector performance. The coefficient of the ECM (-0.6434) indicated that 64.34% of the short-run disequilibrium is corrected annually. In line with these findings, the paper recommended that there is need for a downward revision
Fixing Model Bugs with Natural Language Patches

Current approaches for fixing systematic problems in NLP models (e.g., regex patches, finetuning on more data) are either brittle, or labor-intensive and liable to shortcuts. In contrast, humans often provide corrections to each other through natural language. Taking inspiration from this, we explore natural language patches—declarative statements that allow developers to provide corrective feedback at the right level of abstraction, either overriding the model (“if a review gives 2 stars, the sentiment is negative”) or providing additional information the model may lack (“if something is described as the bomb, then it is good”). We model the task of determining if a patch applies separately from the task of integrating patch information, and show that with a small amount of synthetic data, we can teach models to effectively use real patches on real data—1 to 7 patches improve accuracy by ~1–4 accuracy points on different slices of a sentiment analysis dataset, and F1 by 7 points on a relation extraction dataset. Finally, we show that finetuning on as many as 100 labeled examples may be needed to match the performance of a small set of language patches.
learning in the early years

English is essentially the study of language as a social and cultural semiotic in its multiplicity of textual forms. Historically, English has been about the shaping of the ‘self’. Th is has meant the promotion of humane values, the enrichment of the imaginative life and the development of aesthetic sensibility through engagement with literary texts. It has also meant a concern with the personal growth of the individual. Today, this includes a kind of self-refl exivity that enables students to understand how their ‘self’ is located within social and cultural contexts, and con-structed through language and text … Above all, English makes possible the (re)imagining of other ways of being. (n.p.)
CDF Normalization for Controlling the Distribution of Hidden Nodes

Batch Normalizaiton (BN) is a normalization method for deep neural networks that has been shown to accelerate training. While the effectiveness of BN is undisputed, the explanation of its effectiveness is still being studied. The original BN paper attributes the success of BN to reducing internal covariate shift, so we take this a step further and explicitly enforce a Gaussian distribution on hidden layer activations. This approach proves to be ineffective, demonstrating further that reducing internal covariate shift is not important for successful layer normalization.
Minireview Syntrophic Acetate-Oxidizing Microbes in Methanogenic Environments

Acetate is one of the most important intermediates for methanogenesis in the anaerobic mineralization of organic materials. Methanogenic acetate degradation is carried out by either an aceticlastic reaction or an anaerobic acetate-oxidizing reaction. In contrast to the former reaction, the latter is energetically extremely unfavorable. However, the oxidation of acetate can occur with syntrophic interaction between certain bacteria and methanogenic archaea. The bacteria, namely syntrophic acetate-oxidizing bacteria, can oxidize acetate to produce hydrogen/CO 2 only when their products are subsequently utilized by the hydrogen-scavenging methanogens. Surprisingly, some of these bacteria can also axenically grow on hydrogen/CO 2 to produce acetate. This means that the bacteria can utilize both substrates and products reversibly. This review describes current studies of these curious and fascinating microbes.
1 Introduction: Understanding the Challenges of the Agricultural Sector in Sub-Saharan Africa

Sub-Saharan African countries have recorded relatively high economic growth over the past two decades, but this growth has largely been jobless and poverty and inequality are still widespread (African Development Bank et al. 2017). Also, Africa’s growth has hardly been accompanied by structural transformation. The labor force is still stuck in subsistence production and low productive agricultural sector which employs more than half of the sub-Saharan population. According to the International Labour Organization (2017), the agricultural sector employs an average of 54% of the working population in Africa. In Burundi, Burkina Faso and Madagascar, more than 80% of the labor force works in agriculture. By contrast, in Angola, South Africa, and Mauritius, the agricultural sector only employs 5.1%, 4.6%, and 7.8% of the population, respectively.
Effects of the sample matrix on the photobleaching and photodegradation of toluene-derived secondary organic aerosol compounds

Abstract. Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) generated from the photooxidation of aromatic compounds in the presence of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) is known to efficiently absorb ultraviolet and visible radiation. With exposure to sunlight, the photodegradation of chromophoric compounds in the SOA causes this type of SOA to slowly photobleach. These photodegradation reactions may occur in cloud droplets, which are characterized by low concentrations of solutes, or in aerosol particles, which can have highly viscous organic phases and aqueous phases with high concentrations of inorganic salts. To investigate the effects of the surrounding matrix on the rates and mechanisms of photodegradation of SOA compounds, SOA was prepared in a smog chamber by photooxidation of toluene in the presence of NOx. The collected SOA was photolyzed for up to 24 h using near-UV radiation (300–400 nm) from a xenon arc lamp under different conditions: directly on the filter, dissolved in pure water, and dissolved in 1 M ammonium sulfate. The SOA mass absorption coefficient was measured as a function of irradiation time to determine photobleaching rates. Electrospray ionization high-resolution mass spectrometry coupled to liquid chromatography separation was used to observe changes in SOA composition resulting from the irradiation. The rate of decrease in SOA mass absorption coefficient due to photobleaching was the fastest in water, with the presence of 1 M ammonium sulfate modestly slowing down the photobleaching. By contrast, photobleaching directly on the filter was slower. The high-resolution mass spectrometry analysis revealed an efficient photodegradation of nitrophenol compounds on the filter but not in the aqueous phases, with relatively little change observed in the composition of the SOA irradiated in water or 1 M ammonium sulfate despite faster photobleaching than in the on-filter samples. This suggests that photodegradation of nitrophenols contributes much more significantly to photobleaching in the organic phase than in the aqueous phase. We conclude that the SOA absorption coefficient lifetime with respect to photobleaching and lifetimes of individual chromophores in SOA with respect to photodegradation will depend strongly on the sample matrix in which SOA compounds are exposed to sunlight.
LLC resonant converter for electric vehicle battery chargers

This study presents a new LLC resonant converter with two transformers in parallel for the electric vehicle battery charger. This topology achieves the zero-voltage switching for main switches in the entire charging profile. In addition, the zero-current switching for output rectifier diodes is extended under charging condition. The proposed charger provides a wide range output voltage for the battery system. Moreover, in order to maintain the high efficiency under charging, the charger adopts a bidirectional switch. At low-output power condition, the charger uses one transformer to transfer the energy. Finally, the design procedure is provided and implemented in a prototype charger with the input DC link 400 V and the output voltage of 36-58 V. Experimental results are presented to demonstrate the system performance. The maximum power is up to 700 W and the peak efficiency is as high as 93.6%.
BIOMETRIC IDENTIFICATION OF INDIVIDUALS BY THE MORPHOLOGICAL PROCESSING OF THE IRIS * IDENTIFICAÇÃO BIOMÉTRICA DE INDIVÍDUOS ATRAVÉS DO PROCESSAMENTO MORFOLÓGICO DA ÍRIS

A new approach based on morphological operators is presented in this paper for application of biometric identification of individuals by segmenta tion and analysis of the iris. To segment the iris region from the eye image and also to highlight cho sen iris patterns were developed algorithms based on morphological operators. The extracted fea tures are used to represent and characterize the iris. In order to properly extract the desired patterns, an algorithm is proposed to produce skeletons with unique paths among end-points and no des. The representation obtained by the morphological processing is stored for identificati on purposes. To illustrate the efficiency of the morphological approach some results are presented. The proposed system was developed to present low complexity implementation and low stora ge requirements.
Structuring Sense: Volume III: Taking Form

The book under review is the third volume of Hagit Borer’s Structuring Sense series. In this book, contrary to the previous two volumes (Borer (2005a, 2005b)), Borer makes an interesting claim that roots will only have a phonological index which may be available for merger. In order to support this claim, she presents a syntactic analysis of derivational deverbal nominalization in English as well as Hebrew (cf. Grimshaw (1990)). Following the introduction, this book is divided into two parts: Part I, titled ‘The Form, the Forming, and the Formation of Nominals,’ consists of four chapters, and Part II, titled ‘True to Form,’ consists of seven chapters. The final chapter is the conclusion of this book. For space limitations, I will just summarize the main points of each chapter, and then make a few comments on the book.
Analysis of a full discretization scheme for a 2D nonlinear coupled system of radiative-conductive heat transfer equations

This paper deals with the convergence of numerical scheme for combined nonlinear radiation-conduction heat transfer system in a gray, absorbing and non-scattering two-dimensional medium. The radiative transfer equation is solved using a Discontinuous Galerkin method with upwind ﬂuxes. The conductive equation is discretized using the ﬁnite element method. Moreover, the Crank-Nicolson scheme is applied for time discretization of the semi-discrete nonlinear coupled system. Existence and uniqueness of the solution for the continuous and full discrete system are presented. The convergence proof follows from the application of a discrete ﬁxed-point theorem, involving only the temperature ﬁelds at each time step. The order of approximation error, stability, and order of convergence are investigated. Finally, the theoretical stability and convergence results are supported with numerical examples.
Teaching and Supervision in Counseling Teaching and Supervision in Counseling Signature Pedagogy and Beyond: Reflections on Baltrinic and Signature Pedagogy and Beyond: Reflections on Baltrinic and Wachter Morris (2020 Wachter Morris (2020

In a response to Baltrinic and Wachter Morris (2020), I expand on the term signature pedagogy and illustrate how clinical supervision satisfies the criteria for this designation in the counseling field. I then suggest an alternative term, “ pedagogical foundations ” (from Baltrinic and Wachter Morris), to ground work toward the authors’ goals of asking the “right questions” about the “best things” underlying counselor education practices and research. Finally, I outline some additional avenues (toward the same goals) via explorations of traditional learning theories and science of learning principles that emphasize student learning processes in the classroom — how students learn.
VIOLENCE IN EDUCATION: THEORETICAL APPROACH

Rezumat În ultima vreme violenţa este unul dintre cele mai răspândite fenomene sociale, una dintre cele mai dificile probleme, ale căror consecinţe negative au un impact semnificativ , atât în sfera individuală şi de grup, cât, mai ales, asupra componentelor socialului-educaţie, şcoală, sănătate, well being şi comunitate. Studiile pe această temă evidenţiază o largă varietate de forme de manifestare ale violenţei. Mai grav este faptul că efectele cele mai puternice ca gravitate sunt legate de însăşi viaţa oamenilor. Cele mai frecvente dintre formele şi consecinţele acesteia sunt vizibile la nivelul planurilor fizic, emoţional, relaţional, sănătăţii, spiritualităţii, vieţii de grup, stilului de viaţă. Studiul de faţă se centrează asupra semnificaţiilor conceptelor de bază, asociate perspectivelor de tip epistemologicreflexiv şi analiticinvestigativ, cu identitate şi punct de plecare în diversitatea teoriilor, metodologiilor şi concepţiilor de autor evidenţiate de multitudinea definiţiilor alterrnative. Concepte cheie: violenţa şcolară, agresivitate, context, conflict, delincvenţă, factori de impact
Characterization of esophageal motility disorders in refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease patients with esophageal symptoms

Introduction: Refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) can lead to poten tial complications such as persistent esophagitis, esophageal stricture, Schatzki ring, and Barrett’s esophagus. This study describes motility in patients with refractory GERD, and its association with esophageal symptoms. Materials and methods: An analytical observational study was carried out in a retrospective cohort of patients diagnosed with refractory GERD and esophageal symptoms who underwent high-resolution esopha - geal manometry and impedance testing. Clinical characteristics, demographics, and the association between motility disorders and esophageal symptoms are described. Results: 133 patients were included (mean age 54.1 ± 12.5 years). Heartburn and regurgitation (69.2%), and esophageal dysphagia (13.5%) were the most common symptoms. Normal motility (75.2%), complete bolus clearance (75.2%), and ineffective esophageal motility (IEM) (18%) were the most frequent manometric findings. Type II and IIIb gastroesophageal junction were observed in 35.3% and 33.8% of the cases, respectively. Esophageal aperistalsis (3.8%) and Jackhammer esophagus (0.8%) were rare findings. Incomplete bolus clearance was associated with esophageal dysphagia (p=0.038) and IEM (p=0.008). No esophageal symptoms were significantly related to motility disorders. Conclusions: The results of the present study suggest that motility disorders are rare in patients with refractory GERD. They also suggest that esophageal motility disorders are not associated with the presence of esophageal symptoms and, therefore, the type of symptom experienced does not allow predicting the existence of such disorders.
the Margins

The images are harsh, ubiquitous and recurrent. As this book goes to print, the Navajo Nation in the United States continues to grapple with what is America’s worst Covid-19 outbreak. In 2019 Jair Bolsonaro, Brazil’s authoritarian, racist leader praised the genocide of Indigenous people and moved to revoke the protected status of indigenous lands. In the Philippines, 164 environmental activists –most of them indigenous – were murdered at the hands of Duterte’s government in 2018 for defending their homes, lands and natural resources from exploitation. In 2017 a homeless girl from the indigenous Mbya Guarani was captured drinking unclean water from a puddle to relieve her thirst in the midday sun as the temperature topped 100 F (38 C) degrees in Argentina. In 2016 police with water cannons violently cleared, in 28 F (–2 C) weather, activists protesting to stop the development of a pipeline that threatens the Standing Rock Indian Reservation’s water supply. Sadly, one can go on and on with heartbreaking vignettes of different forms of indignity, injustice, discrimination and violence suffered by Indigenous peoples all across the world. Despite the tremendous progress in the development of scientific knowledge, in the understanding of the structural causes of poverty and inequality and in the role of politics and governance in addressing modern challenges, social inclusion, poverty, marginalization and despair is a reality across the world – from wealthy America to middle-income Argentina to the less wealthy Philippines. And very often this reality has an indigenous face. This reality is particularly painful for many who like me, enjoy visiting Mexico, the beautifully complex country where I grew up. Despite some progress and the tremendous wealth of many who are economically privileged, including the once richest man on Earth (Carlos Slim), marginalization in Mexico tends to follow skin color; the imperfect, accented Spanish that results from speaking another language; a huipil (a traditional
The babel vignette

This document presents an overview of the babel package. This package is for analyzing ribosome profiling data. Ribosome profiling data arises from paired next generation sequencing experiments [1, 2]. One experiment is standard RNA-seq, which we abbreviate as mRNA. The other is RNA-seq of ribosome-protected fragments, which we abbreviate as RPF. It implements our methodology for finding genes that have unusual RPF counts given their mRNA counts [3]. Our model is that the mRNA counts follow a negative binomial distribtion, as is standard [4, 5]. Because sample sizes are always low in this context, we estimate a single over-dispersion parameter across genes using the Robinson and Smyth methodology found in edgeR [6]. Given the mRNA counts, we model the RPF counts also as negative binomial with mean according to a trimmed least sequares regression fit of RPF counts on mRNA counts and over-dispersion estimated in an iterative fashion [3]. As we detail below, our package does three main things. First, we identify genes with unusual RPF counts given their mRNA counts within conditions. Second, we combine p-values across multiple experiments within conditions. Third, we use the within-condition p-values to identify genes where the RPF/mRNA relationship has changed between conditions.
Self- Control, Self-Regulation and Procrastination as Psychological Predictors for Ego Depletion among University Students

This study aims to identify ego depletion and the effect of both gender and age among a sample of university students. It also proposes that when depletion takes place it depends on the effect of self-control, self-regulation, and procrastination upon the person.The study follows the descriptive approach. The descriptive diagnostic Sample consisted of (n=400)students of university students,age between(18-21)years.The measurements to diagnose the dynamic variables (ego depletion, self-control, self-regulation, and procrastination)were scales (prepared by the researcher) and to clarify the most important components of these measures in the light of what has been detected from the previous standards.As for the Statistical Methods,the researcher could determine the statistical methods used to address the study hypotheses in the light of several variables, including: size of the sample,scales used and type of the hypotheses. Multiple leaner regression equation was used to detect how far the independent variables can affect and predict possible changes of the ego-depletion’s level.The results revealed a statistically significant correlation between the mean scores of the demographic variable(age) upon ego- depletion scale in favor of the age between (19-21) years. The research also revealed statistically significant differences between the mean scores of males and females (gender) upon ego-depletion scale in favor of males.The study also detected statistically significant correlations between ego depletion (dependent variable) and self-control,self-regulation, and procrastination (independent variables) as a boot to prove that the independent variables can predict the level of the dependent variable .
Management for Construction: towards methods and tools meeting of modern construction

termine ha portato nei settori industriali al fenomeno dell’outsourcing, ovvero al mantenimento del core business all’interno dell’impresa e all’espulsione delle altre ﬁ liere produttive. Questo ha portato alla parcellizzazione del processo produttivo in un grande numero di imprese specializzate ed ha aumentato il numero dei partecipanti impegnati nella costruzione di un opera. Dal punto di vista della gestione si tratta di una nuova sﬁ da che ha fornito lo spunto per l’individuazione di nuovi tipi di strumenti e soluzioni gestionali. Questo articolo discute le caratteristiche del moderno intervento di costruzione e gli elementi base per lo sviluppo di una nuova categoria di metodi e strumenti di construction management.
Metabolic stress and reproductive features in post-partum goats supplemented for a long period with detoxified castor meal as the source of dietary nitrogen

This study evaluated the effect of detoxified castor meal on the reproductive performance, metabolic stress, milk production, and kid development in peripartum goats. The diet of the animals were with (DCM, n= 20) or without (WDCM, n= 21) detoxified castor meal during the entire gestation and until weaning, 60 days post-birth. No differences were observed in the gestation period, litter size, rate of multiple births, and mortality between the two groups. The postpartum plasma concentrations of progesterone remained below 1ng/mL in all animals, thus, confirming the absence of active corpora lutea. The thickness of sternum adipose tissue and loin area, levels of urea and cholesterol, milk production, and daily weight gain in the kids were low in the DCM group when compared to those in the WDCM group (P< 0.05). To conclude, the use of detoxified castor meal in peripartum goats resulted in lower level of performance in the kids because of reductions in the amount of milk received from their mothers during lactation. In addition, the diet containing detoxified castor meals was not efficient in recovering from the loss of stored body reserves able to initiate the recovery of the cyclic activity of the goats.