Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Lutein and Zeaxanthin and Their Roles in Age-Related Macular Degeneration—Neurodegenerative Disease

Lutein and zeaxanthin belong to the xanthophyll family of carotenoids, which are pigments produced by plants. Structurally, they are very similar, differing only slightly in the arrangement of atoms. Key sources of these carotenoids include kale, savoy cabbage, spinach, broccoli, peas, parsley, corn, and egg yolks. The recommended daily intake of lutein is approximately 10.0 mg and that of zeaxanthin is 2 mg. Lutein intake in adults varies, with average intakes being 1–2 mg/day. Due to the lack of synthesis of consumption of these compounds in humans, these substances are extremely important for the proper functioning of certain organs of the body (eye, skin, heart, intestines). Eating a lot of dark leafy vegetables and some fruits can help to prevent our bodies from developing diseases. The protective effects of carotenoids are mainly related to their defense against oxidative stress and their ability to scavenge free radicals. Lutein and zeaxanthin are the only dietary carotenoids that accumulate in the retina, specifically the macula, and are called macular pigments. These carotenoids are concentrated by the action of specific binding proteins such as StARD3, which binds lutein, and GSTP1, which binds zeaxanthin and its dietary metabolite, mesozeaxanthin. It has been shown that supportive therapy with lutein and zeaxanthin can have a beneficial effect in delaying the progression of eye diseases such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and cataracts. This article presents the current state of knowledge on the role of lutein and zeaxanthin, especially from human studies targeting their metabolism and bioavailability, with recommendations to consume xanthophyll-rich foods.
Formative Phase Lengths for a Sample of Energy Technologies Using a Diverse Set of Indicators

The objective of this research is to identify historical patterns in the formative phase of energy technologies. This period designates the early stage of development (i.e., between the invention and the up-scaling phase) that sets up the conditions for the technology to emerge and prepare for widespread growth. This investigation aims to develop an operational definition of formative phase to enable comparative technology analysis. A review of the literature, particularly the technological innovation system one, reveals a set of formative processes which are then connected to a common set of indicators for characterizing the development of new technologies. The results show that "2.5% market potential" is a good metric of the completion of the formative phase as early demand helps to reduce uncertainties (technology, market and institutions) and improve performances. This phase is often long, taking at least a decade in the more optimistic estimates. It can be shortened in the case of less disruptive innovations or by a simultaneous promotion of technology supply and demand.
Utilising Acknowledge for the Trust in Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are emerging networks that are being utilized in a variety of applications, such as remote sensing images, military, healthcare, and traffic monitoring. Those critical applications require different levels of security; however, due to the limitation of the sensor networks, security is a challenge where traditional algorithms cannot be used. In addition, sensor networks are considered as the core of the Internet of Things (IoT) and smart cities, where security became one of the most significant problems with IoT and smart cities applications. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel and light trust algorithm to satisfy the security requirements of WSNs. It considers sensor nodes’ limitations and cross-layer information for efficient secure routing in WSNs. It proposes a Tow-ACKs Trust (TAT) Routing protocol for secure routing in WSNs. TAT computes the trust values based on direct and indirect observation of the nodes. TAT uses the first-hand and second-hand information from the Data Link and the Transmission Control Protocol layers to modify the trust’s value. The suggested TATs’ protocols performance is compared to BTRM and Peertrust models in terms of malicious detection ratio, accuracy, average path length, and average energy consumption. The proposed algorithm is compared to BTRM and Peertrust models, the most recent algorithms that proved their efficiency in WSNs. The simulation results indicate that TAT is scalable and provides excellent performance over both BTRM and Peertrust models, even when the number of malicious nodes is high.
A New Algorithm on Estimation of DOA Using MIMO Radar

MIMO radar obtains spatial diversity by distributed sensors,which are difficult for the estimation by DOA.In this paper,the transmit elements are widely separated with the receiving elements closely spaced.By transmitting orthogonal signals,virtual subarrays are designed through filters,and the Subarrays Selection(SAS) algorithm is proposed.The algorithm obtains spatial diversity as well as robust super-resolution direction-of-arrival estimation.The proposed algorithm is extended in 2-D location of MIMO,then it obtains spatial diversity as well as increased freedoms.Finally the simulated results show that the SAS algorithm is effective.
IMPROVING EARNINGS PREDICTIONS WITH NEURAL NETWORK MODELS

: In this paper we develop a generalized deep neural network model to predict quarterly earnings. Using a diverse range of predictors consisting of fundamental, technical and sentiment data the resulting model outperforms existing timeseries models such as the Fama-French 2006 regression model and comes close in prediction accuracy to sales analysts’ estimates. This is achieved by handling some known issues in time series models such as seasonality and non-linearity of the earnings while improving predictions with additional explanatory variables that reflect the expectations of the market. Thus, we add to the existing literature a comprehensive and innovative neural network model that provides solutions to known challenges in forecasting and closes the gap between statistical models and sales analysts.
Being

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Ferroelectric HfO2-based materials for next-generation ferroelectric memories

Ferroelectric random access memory (FeRAM) based on conventional ferroelectric perovskites, such as Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 and SrBi2Ta2O9, has encountered bottlenecks on memory density and cost, because those conventional perovskites suffer from various issues mainly including poor complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS)-compatibility and limited scalability. Next-generation cost-efficient, high-density FeRAM shall therefore rely on a material revolution. Since the discovery of ferroelectricity in Si:HfO2 thin films in 2011, HfO2-based materials have aroused widespread interest in the field of FeRAM, because they are CMOS-compatible and can exhibit robust ferroelectricity even when the film thickness is scaled down to below 10 nm. A review on this new class of ferroelectric materials is therefore of great interest. In this paper, the most appealing topics about ferroelectric HfO2-based materials including origins of ferroelectricity, advantageous material properties, and current and potential applications in FeRAM, are briefly reviewed.
PP Model of Water Demand Prediction Based on IEA

Water demand prediction is a complicated multifactor,multi-level non-linear system influenced by the urban population,industrial and economic level.The predicted water demand is the important reference in decision of regional industrial structure and layout.Projection Pursuit(PP) method can avoid dimension disaster by transforming high dimension data to low dimension data.In this way,PP method can resolve such problems as classification,approximation,time series forecasting,and so on.Thus,PP method is applied to building a PP water demand prediction model in this paper,where PP is coupled with IEA to optimize parameters.The application of the model in Zhuhai shows that PP model has good applicability to water demand prediction by solving high dimension,non-linear,non-normal problems,etc.
Hybrid single-carrier-based pulse width modulation scheme for single-phase three-level neutral-point-clamped grid-side converters in electric railway traction

AC traction power-supply systems are vulnerable to the high-order harmonics from grid-side rectifiers, which are usually single-phase three-level neutral-point-clamped (NPC) converters. In this study, a dipolar single-carrier-based pulse width modulation (SCBPWM) scheme is first designed for the adopted NPC converter. Then, on the basis of the dipolar SCBPWM scheme, a novel hybrid SCBPWM scheme with both unipolar and dipolar modulation modes is proposed to improve high-order harmonics and mitigate harmonic resonance. In addition, the voltage-balancing task of the DC-link capacitors of the NPC converter can be performed by fine adjustment of the separation coefficient in the hybrid SCBPWM. The salient features of the proposed scheme, as compared with the traditional unipolar double-carrier-based pulse width modulation, include: (1) lowered high-order harmonics and total harmonic distortion of the line current; (2) only one carrier signal needed; and (3) voltage fluctuation suppression of the neutral point. Performance of the proposed hybrid SCBPWM scheme for the NPC converter is verified by experimental results.
How to Translate Creative Ideas into Innovation?Differential Resources for Proactive and Responsive Team Idea Generation

ABSTRACT A core challenge for team innovation is the successful translation of creative ideas into innovation through implementation. This study examines the tension between internal and external team resourcing behaviors that account for how teams translate their creative ideas into implemented innovation. Drawing on conservation of resource theory, we propose that motivational underpinnings of team idea generation predict team resourcing behaviors that directly affect team innovation implementation. Path analysis of a field survey data collected from 91 teams showed that teams that generated creative ideas proactively for internal interest effectively utilized internal resources but failed to acquire external resources for innovation implementation. By contrast, teams that generated ideas in response to external demands effectively acquired external resources but encountered diminished internal resources. These unbalanced resourcing patterns were partially resolved by team leadership, such that the negative indirect effect of responsive idea generation on innovation implementation via reduced internal resource utilization disappeared when internal-integration leadership was high. This study offers new theoretical insights into the transition between idea generation and implementation by identifying tension between teams’ internal and external resources as the core intermediating mechanism.
Endothelial superoxide dismutase 2 is decreased in sickle cell disease and regulates fibronectin processing

Abstract Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetic red blood cell disorder characterized by increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a concordant reduction in antioxidant capacity in the endothelium. Superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) is a mitochondrial-localized enzyme that catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide to hydrogen peroxide. Decreased peripheral blood expression of SOD2 is correlated with increased hemolysis and cardiomyopathy in SCD. Here, we report for the first time that endothelial cells exhibit reduced SOD2 protein expression in the pulmonary endothelium of SCD patients. To investigate the impact of decreased SOD2 expression in the endothelium, SOD2 was knocked down in human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (hPMVECs). We found that SOD2 deficiency in hPMVECs results in endothelial cell dysfunction, including reduced cellular adhesion, diminished migration, integrin protein dysregulation, and disruption of permeability. Furthermore, we uncover that SOD2 mediates changes in endothelial cell function via processing of fibronectin through its inability to facilitate dimerization. These results demonstrate that endothelial cells are deficient in SOD2 expression in SCD patients and suggest a novel pathway for SOD2 in regulating fibronectin processing.
Operation of Concentrating Solar Power Plants in the Western Wind and Solar Integration Phase 2 Study

The Western Wind and Solar Integration Study (WWSIS) explores various aspects of the challenges and impacts of integrating large amounts of wind and solar energy into the electric power system of the West. The phase 2 study (WWSIS-2) is one of the first to include dispatchable concentrating solar power (CSP) with thermal energy storage (TES) in multiple scenarios of renewable penetration and mix. As a result, it provides unique insights into CSP plant operation, grid benefits, and how CSP operation and configuration may need to change under scenarios of increased renewable penetration. Examination of the WWSIS-2 results indicates that in all scenarios, CSP plants with TES provides firm system capacity, reducing the net demand and the need for conventional thermal capacity. The plants also reduced demand during periods of short-duration, high ramping requirements that often require use of lower efficiency peaking units. Changes in CSP operation are driven largely by the presence of other solar generation, particularly PV. Use of storage by the CSP plants increases in the higher solar scenarios, with operation of the plant often shifted to later in the day. CSP operation also becomes more variable, including more frequent starts. Finally, CSP output is often very lowmore » during the day in scenarios with significant PV, which helps decrease overall renewable curtailment (over-generation). However, the configuration studied is likely not optimal for High Solar Scenario implying further analysis of CSP plant configuration is needed to understand its role in enabling high renewable scenarios in the Western United States. « less
Towards a declarative modeling approach built on top of a CAD modeler

ABSTRACTToday’s CAD modelers are very efficient in processing 3D shapes of CAD models by means of B-Rep modeling operators such as pad, pocket, shaft, groove, hole, fillet and so on. At a lower description level, those modeling operators are based on Euler operators acting directly on the faces, edges and vertices of the B-Rep models. Using such a top-down approach, the designers do not have to work on low-level geometric entities, but rather manipulate so-called structural and detail features to shape directly the CAD models. However, there is still a gap between the shapes the designers have in mind and the way they have to decompose them in a succession of modeling steps. This paper proposes a new declarative modeling approach to design industrial shapes allowing the designers to interact with a CAD software at a more conceptual level. The designers enter a high-level description of the expected shapes that is then transformed through scripts into traditional CAD operators successively called to create.
Coordinated Nonlinear Tracking Control for Satellite Formations

A technique is presented to coordinate nonlinear tracking control laws for individual satellites to provide efficient formation maintenance and reconfiguration. Specifically, the perceptive framework is used to coordinate sliding mode tracking control laws for individual satellites. Three cases are considered. First, a leader-followe r approach is used with time-based tracking between each follower and the leader. Second, a leader-followe r formation that uses the perceptive frame is considered. Finally, a decentralized framework using the perceptive frame is considered in which the formation members track the average position and velocity of all the satellites. Numerical simulations compare the fuel used to maintain the formation for the different cases.
Derivation of operation rules for reservoirs in parallel with joint water demand

The purpose of this paper is to derive the general optimality conditions of the commonly used operating policies for reservoirs in parallel with joint water demand, which are defined in terms of system‐wide release rules and individual reservoir storage balancing functions. Following that, a new set of release rules for individual reservoirs are proposed in analytical forms by considering the optimality conditions for the balance of total water delivery utility and carryover storage value of individual reservoirs. Theoretical analysis indicates that the commonly used operating policies are a special case of the newly derived rules. The derived release rules are then applied to simulating the operation of a parallel reservoir system in northeastern China. Compared to the performance of the commonly used policies, some advantages of the proposed operation rules are illustrated. Most notably, less water shortage occurrence and higher water supply reliability are obtained from the proposed operation rules.
Nanobiotechnology and its Application in Vaccine Delivery

The term " Nanobiotechnology " refers to the use of nanotechnology in biological fields. Nanotechnology is a multidisciplinary area that is currently recruiting approaches, technologies, and capabilities from traditional and advanced engineering, physics, chemistry, and biology. Vaccination has made a huge difference in human health. Despite advances in this area, there is no effective vaccine for a large number of diseases, and some of the available ones do not offer long-term immunity. Numerous studies have been conducted recently to determine the feasibility of using nanostructures as an effective method for vaccine delivery, and the initial findings have been encouraging. So, in the present review, we will address which types of nanoparticles are appropriate for vaccine delivery and reveal and discuss the significance of virus-like particles (VLPs), liposomes, polymeric-based nanoparticles Polyanhydride-based nanoparticles for vaccine delivery. It is crucial to understand their size, shape, charge, porosity, and hydrophobic properties. In conclusion, nanotechnology will help to have a brief understanding of nanotechnology in the delivery of vaccines. So, it could also motivate new strategies for human disease prevention or treatment.
Strength and conditioning practices for the optimisation of speed and accuracy in cricket fast bowlers: A systematic review and meta-analysis

The most important determinants of a cricket fast bowler's performance are bowling speed and accuracy. Even though various strength and conditioning practices (resistance, plyometric and modified-implement training) have been employed to improve these parameters, there is still ambiguity as to the effectiveness of such training programmes. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the influence of various training interventions on fast bowling speed and accuracy. Searches were conducted across PubMed, Web of science, SPORTDiscus, Scopus and CINAHL. Inclusion criteria were studies that: were original research or conference presentations; recruited fast bowlers as participants; involved a physical training intervention; written in English; and included bowling speed or accuracy as outcome measures. Ten articles met our inclusion criteria for qualitative and eight for quantitative analysis. The quality of the studies assessed using Downs and Black checklist ranged from low to moderate with a mean ± SD of 64.5 ± 8.14%. There was a moderate and significant effect of plyometric training intervention on bowling speed (SMD = 0.75; Z = 2.98; p = 0.003). Further, a small and non-significant effect of resistance training on bowling speed was observed in our study (SMD = 0.40; Z = 1.39; p = 0.164). A small but non-significant difference was found in the ball speed post modified ball weight training intervention (SMD = 0.30; Z = 1.14; p = 0.252). The findings from our study are useful for strength and conditioning coaches in helping to design and implement fast-bowling specific training programmes for improved bowling speed.
Development of Russian Resource-Type Regions: Geography vs. Institutions?

The paper examines the dynamics of the level of resource dependence in the resource-type regions of Russia from 2005 to 2017. The classification of regions is based on the authors’ two-factor classification model using the share of the extractive sector in the GRP and the ratio of the extractive sector to the manufacturing industry. Exploiting the method of fuzzy classification and calculating a comprehensive assessment of resource dependence, the classification regions are classified on a scale of continuous values, which makes it possible to assess the level of resource dependence of the regions of the Russian Federation and their grouping. The dynamics of the level of resource dependence is monitored and the regions that have made transitions from one selected group to another are distinguished. The results obtained indicate that in the period under consideration there was an increase in the level of resource dependence. For most of the resource-type regions, the level of resource dependence has increased, the number of resource-type regions has grown from 22 to 27. An analysis of the case studies of individual regions shows that the policy of the federal center and the largest Russian companies, often state-owned, was in most cases more significant than the policy of regional authorities. The case of Russia, therefore, corresponds to the patterns described in the literature investigating the influence of geography and institutions on development at the subnational level: geographic factors play a decisive role in the development of regions, the role of subnational institutions is small. Differences at the subnational level in such institutional factors as the protection of property rights or regulatory efficiency are not decisive in attracting investment; priorities formed at the national level play a decisive role. The ability of regional authorities to influence the development of the region comes down mainly to the effective integration of the federal center into the projects