Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
HUMAN CARDIOVASCULAR RESPONSES TO SIMULATED PARTIAL GRAVITY AND A SHORT HYPERGRAVITY EXPOSURE

OF DISSERTATION HUMAN CARDIOVASCULAR RESPONSES TO SIMULATED PARTIAL GRAVITY AND A SHORT HYPERGRAVITY EXPOSURE Orthostatic intolerance (OI), i.e., the inability to maintain stable arterial pressure during upright posture, is a major problem for astronauts after spaceflight. Therefore, one important goal of spaceflight-related research is the development of countermeasures to prevent post flight OI. Given the rarity and expense of spaceflight, countermeasure development requires ground-based simulations of partial gravity to induce appropriate orthostatic effects on the human body, and to test the efficacy of potential countermeasures. To test the efficacy of upright lower body positive pressure (LBPP) as a model for simulating cardiovascular responses to lunar and Martian gravities on Earth, cardiovascular responses to upright LBPP were compared with those of head-up tilt (HUT), a well-accepted simulation of partial gravity, in both ambulatory and cardiovascularly deconditioned subjects. Results indicate that upright LBPP and HUT induced similar changes in cardiovascular regulation, supporting the use of upright LBPP as a potential model for simulating cardiovascular responses to standing and moving in lunar and Martian gravities. To test the efficacy of a short exposure to artificial gravity (AG) as a countermeasure to spaceflight-induced OI, orthostatic tolerance limits (OTL) and cardiovascular responses to orthostatic stress were tested in cardiovascularly deconditioned subjects, using combined 70o head-up tilt and progressively increased lower body negative pressure, once following 90 minutes AG exposure and once following 90 minutes of -6o headdown bed rest (HDBR). Results indicate that a short AG exposure increased OTL of cardiovascularly deconditioned subjects, with increased baroreflex and sympathetic responsiveness, compared to those measured after HDBR exposure. To gain more insight into mechanisms of causal connectivity in cardiovascular and cardiorespiratory oscillations during orthostatic challenge in both ambulatory and cardiovascularly deconditioned subjects, couplings among R-R intervals (RRI), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and respiratory oscillations in response to graded HUT and dehydration were studied using a phase synchronization approach. Results indicate that increasing orthostatic stress disassociated interactions among RRI, SBP and respiration, and that dehydration exacerbated the disconnection. The loss of causality from SBP to RRI following dehydration suggests that dehydration also reduced involvement of baroreflex regulation, which may contribute to the increased occurrence of OI.
Контуры Экономики Будущего И Настоящего: Две Парадигмы Развития [The contours of the economy of the future and the present: two paradigms of development]

В статье обосновано, что контуры будущего и настоящего можно понять при использовании авторской разработки - новой методологии познания закономерностей в развитии человеческого сообщества. Она позволила определить, что на всем многовековом протяжении развития человеческого сообщества существуют только две парадигмы развития человеческой системы. Циклы, кризисы, хаос и все негативные явления - естественный продукт второй, опосредованной парадигмы развития. Новая модель жизнеустройства на каждом местном уровне - это в то же время прежняя, первая парадигма развития, основанная на непосредственной взаимосвязи между производством и потреблением конкретного человека, но на новом, высокотехнологическом, уровне. Практическая реализация данной модели - это единственно возможное условие перехода к устойчивому бескризисному развитию. The article substantiates the thesis that the outlines of the future and present can be made visible and comprehensible by applying the author's findings - that is, the new methodology for cognition of regularities in the human community development. This methodology made it possible to define that there have been and still exist only two paradigms of the human system development in the entire centuries-long course of the human community development. Cycles, crises, chaos and all negative phenomena are nothing else but natural products of the second, indirect paradigm of development. The new model of life organization at each local level is at the same time the former, first development paradigm, based on the direct interconnection between production and consumption of a particular human being, but raised onto the new high-tech level. Practical realization of this model is the only feasible condition for the transition to sustainable and crisis-free development.
Dynamically taming focal fields of femtosecond lasers for fabricating microstructures

Meng-Qiang Cai (蔡孟强), Qiang Wang (王 强), Cheng-Hou Tu (涂成厚), Yong-Nan Li (李勇男), and Hui-Tian Wang (王慧田) 1 School of Physics and Key Laboratory of Weak Light Nonlinear Photonics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China 2 Institute of Space Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China 3 National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China 4 Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China 5 Collaborative Innovation Center of Light Manipulations and Applications, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China
To determine the prevalence of hypertension and its lifestyle risk factors in Amhara Region of Debre Birehan Town among Zonal Civil Servants, Ethiopia

Background: Hypertension is defined as arterial blood pressure that exceeds 140/90mmhg. Hypertension is one of the most common disease afflicting humans throughout the world. The main objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of hypertension and its risk factors among Debre Berhan Zonal sector civil servants. Methods: Cross sectional systematic random sampling study were conducted on civil servants of Debre Berhan Zonal sectors by taking a total sample size of 264. And physical measurement based data were collected by investigators through structured and pretested interview administered questionnaire. Results: A total of 259 (98.1%) participants were included in this study. Prevalence of hypertension was 68(26.2%) and undiagnosed hypertension was 34 (13.3%). About 43% of the respondents reported they had never checked their blood pressure within the past 2 years and above. Factors found to be associated with hypertension include: older age, educational status, family history of hypertension, current cigarette smoker and obesity.Conclusions and Recommendations: There was high prevalence of both diagnosed and undiagnosed hypertension. There is an urgent need for strategies and program to prevent and control high blood pressure, and promote healthy lifestyle.
Unobtrusive breath testing

In order to reach an increased acceptance for general breath testing among drivers and professionals whose sobriety is of importance for a safe work environment, a less obtrusive breath testing procedure is desirable. The aim has been to develop a breath alcohol analyser enabling fast, simple contact free breath testing with less physical effort. The sensor should meet the automotive industryrs requirements of long-time stability, and short start-up and response time, regardless of the ambient temperature. The long term goal is extensive implementation of an in-vehicle integrated unobtrusive alcohol detection system. The physiological rationale of the use of CO2 as a tracer gas has been investigated, and a new non-dispersive infrared gas senor enabling measurements of both breath alcohol and expired CO2 have been developed. The gas sensor has been evaluated with excellent results in sensitivity, cross-sensitivity. In a controlled drinking study a strong correlation was found between reference tests and tests performed from a distance of a few centimetres with the new sensor. As proof-of-principle of unobtrusive breath testing we have now shown detection of normal human mouth and nose breathing, and artificial gas pulses containing alcohol from a distance over 60 cm in a vehicle compartment. To improve sampling of the driverrs breath, future work focuses on optimised signal acquisition and selection of positions within the vehicle compartment. Present challenges and important input to this work will be the influence from external air flows (ventilation), difference in breathing pattern (mouth/nose), passengers, and e.g. wind shield fluid. The sensor also provides possibilities to other applications, e.g. for access and passage control.
College Study: The Essential Ingredients

CHAPTER 1 Creating Academic Success CHAPTER 2 Managing Your Time CHAPTER 3 Maximizing Your Productivity CHAPTER 4 Active Listening and Note Taking CHAPTER 5 Reading and Studying Text Material CHAPTER 6 Enhancing Your Learning and Memory CHAPTER 7 Preparing for Tests CHAPTER 8 Taking Tests CHAPTER 9 Continuing Your Academic Success: A Review Index
Evaluation of Social Perception on Water Issues in Cameron Highlands (Malaysia) by Principle Factor Analysis

Dealing with water resources issues requires understanding of the community perception. It is important to create a communicative partnership between community and government towards sustainable water resources management. Opinion survey is an essential step to gather the point of view from local community. However, it always generates a large and complex dataset that are difficult to be. interpreted by decision maker. In order to overcome this difficulty, statistical methods are applied to develop an interpretability model for decision maker. This study demonstrated the application of Descriptive Analysis and Principle Factor Analysis (PFA) to reduce the complexity of opinion survey dataset by revealing underlying information. A total of 106 respondents were interviewed; consisting of68 male and 38 female respondents respectively. This study first applied descriptive analysis to identify the basic score for each variable, and these variables are soil erosion (68.9%), degradation of water quality (65.1%), degradation of freshwater ecosystem (61.0%), water shortage (50%), agricultural solid waste problem (46.2%), water borne diseases (23.6%), illegal land Clearing (21.7%), legal land clearing (15.1%), uncontrolled river water abstraction in upstream (54.7%), poor solid waste management (34.0%), low awareness of local community (61.3%), haphazard planning and development (74.5%) and administration mistake (37.0%). Based on the PFA result, a total of four rotated factors were extracted, representing different aspects of water related issues in Cameron Highlands. Factor 1, 2, 3 and 4 were summarised to four topics namely: (1) water environment degradation caused by illegal solid waste disposal and low awareness of community, (2) agricultural development leading to negative impacts on water resources such as water shortage and ecosystem deterioration, (3) land clearing activity leading to serious land erosion (4) human health problem due to e-coli bacterial pollution and administration mistake on land development in Cameron Highlands.
RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN ULTRASONIC TECHNIQUES FOR RAIL-TRACK INSPECTION

Abstract With the rapid increase in the speed and density of global rail traffic, there is growing demand by governments and the rail industry for reliable and automated rail track inspection systems. This paper presents a brief overview of recent advances in ultrasonic non-destructive testing technologies that may be applied to rail track inspection. These techniques are described and their relative merits and drawbacks are highlighted and compared. The comparison indicates that no single ultrasonic technique can be used alone for comprehensive rail track inspection, and the combination of two or more techniques is required to achieve the required levels of accuracy and reliability. 1. Introduction In the last few years, there has been tragic loss of life in train derailment accidents across Europe. A major cause of train derailments is defects within the rail track, which may lead to breakage of the track under the stress of a high-speed train. Most of these accidents could have been prevented by better track inspection and maintenance. Track is currently inspected manually, and is highly subject to human error; furthermore, data is generally not collected and logged, making quality control and post-processing impossible. The recent trend is to partially or fully automate the inspection process, which could potentially save human life, money and time. Ultrasonic techniques are still the most popular non-destructive testing methods applied to problems such as the inspection of rail track. Sometimes defects cannot be detected because of the contamination of the rail surface (dirt, shelled rails etc.), which is referred to as “the blind spot problem”. Also, sometimes the rail track is considered “untestable” because of the presence of large shallow subsurface cracks which preventing the ultrasonic beams from passing through the remaining section of the rail
Control System for Electromagnetic Environmental Testing of Electronics with Reverberation Chamber

A reverberation chamber is a highly conductive cavity in which it is possible to generatehigh electromagnetic elds that can be considered statistically homogeneous. Reverberationchambers have existed as a resource for electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) testing formore than 30 years. Working to promote international co-operation on standardization, severalorganizations have published various EMC standards. At Combitech AB in Linkopinghave a chamber that is commercially used for dierent types of measurements. To makethe chamber more attractive and versatile it is within their interest to get a system whichis compatible with the latest standards. The project aimed to develop a control system forthe reverberation chamber at Combitech and to equip it with functionality enabling it tomake measurements according to current EMC standards. Using the programming softwareAgilent VEE a program was developed to communicate with the supporting equipment andmanage test routines. Within the program software lies functionality directly associate withmode stirring and mode tuning procedures for standards DO-160F and MIL-STD. Duringmeasurements the program has abilities for skipping frequencies, pause/continue the currentsweep, executing preset events and adding commented markers to the plot window. Someother usable functionality implemented is project save/load, help section, directory selectionand data export abilities. The system holds functionality enabling measurements accordingto the standards in question, though future work will be needed to be able to carry througha proper and correct measurement routine.
The Stuff Americans Are Made of: The Seven Cultural Forces That Define Americans-A New Framework for Quality, Productivity and Profitability

A brilliant examination of the characteristics that make us uniquely AmericanWhat are the traits that define an American? What characteristics determine our cultural identity -- the core values that have brought us to the twentieth century -- and how will they sustain us into the next millennium? In The Stuff Americans Are Made Of, Joshua Hammond and James Morrison identify seven cultural forces that define us and determine the way we as Americans respond to everything from new ideas to products and services to public policy. These forces are the bloodline of the American experience: When we tap into them, we strike the emotional chords of our nation.Using quintessentially American metaphors such as baseball, jazz, Westerns, and so on, Hammond and Morrison demonstrate how these seven forces shape both attitudes and preferences, how they are played out in business and personal dealings, and how they will distinguish us in the global marketplace. Finally, the authors offer dozens of examples and anecdotes to show how an understanding of the archetypes of each force can be practically applied.Full of insight and understanding, The Stuff Americans Are Made Of is a compelling, even visionary look at a long-standing debate: what makes us who we are.
What policies are effective at reducing carbon emissions from surface passenger transport? - a review of interventions to encourage behavioural andtechnological change

This report from the Technology and Policy Assessment (TPA) function of the UK Energy Research Centre examines the merits of a range of different policies that offer the prospect of CO2 emissions reduction from road transport. UKERC's advisors indicated that the potential for policies to deliver carbon emissions reduction through encouraging changes to 'behaviour' (changing people's transport mode and reducing car travel) may not be as well understood as policies that target vehicle technologies. The report therefore has the following objectives: review the evidence for CO2 emission reduction potential and cost-effectiveness across policies that target car technology/choice and those that target wider travelchoices; identify the key issues and problems associated with each policy type; identify whetherand where policies are complementary or synergistic; identify evidence gaps and highlight future research needs; and draw conclusions relevant to current UK policy. A team of expert consultants was commissioned to categorise, review and distil the evidence. This tightly specified search revealed over 500 reports and papers on the subject, each of which was categorised and assessed for relevance. This report represents one output from this process of review, evaluation and synthesis. The other main output is a set of detailed evidence tables which are published on the UKERC website alongside this report. This report may be found at: http://www.ukerc. ac.uk/Downloads/PDF/T/TPA_transport_final. pdf
Entrepreneurship in the creative industries : an international perspective

Introduction / Colette Henry -- The nature of creative entrepreneurship -- The creative industries in east and southeast Asia / Desmond Hui -- Art-entrepreneurship in the Scandinavian music industry / Maria Aggestam -- Creative industries in the UK: cultural diffusion or discontinuity? / David Rae -- Entrepreneurship features of creative industries: the Irish music and dance sector -- Barra Cinnide and Colette Henry -- Building the film industry in New Zealand: an entrepreneurship -- Continuum / Anne de Bruin -- Supporting the creative industries sector -- Investment and funding for creative enterprises in the UK / Tom Fleming -- Promoting entrepreneurship in arts education / Ralph Brown -- Encouraging creative enterprise in Russia / Linda Moss -- Human landscape technologies and entrepreneurship in the creative industries / Brian Kenny and Julia Meaton -- Developing relationships between higher education, enterprise and innovation in the creative industries / Calvin Taylor -- Conclusions / Colette Henry -- Index.
Urban Water Supply Handbook

PART 1: HISTORY, STRATEGIC PLANNING, OUTSOURCING, AND SECURITY Chapter 1: Urban Water Infrastructure: A Historical Perspective (Larry W. Mays) Chapter 2: Strategic Planning Framework for Small Water Systems (Janice A. Beecher and Peter E.Shanaghan) Chapter 3: Improving Urban Water Infrastructure Through Public-Private Partnerships (Robin A. Johnson and Adrian T. Moore) Chapter 4: Water-Use Management: Permit and Water-Transfer Systems (J. Wayland Eheart and Jay R. Lund) PART 2: DEMAND AND MANAGEMENT MODELS Chapter 5: Analysis of Water Demand (Benedykt Dziegielewski and Eve Opitz) Chapter 6: Water Pricing and Drought Management (Messele Z. Ejeta and Larry W.Mays) Chapter 7: Computer Programs for Integrated Management (Messele Z. Ejeta and Larry W. Mays) Chapter 8: Regional Water Supply Planning and Capacity Expansion Models (Messele Z. Ejeta and Larry W. Mays) PART 3: PERFORMANCE, RELIABILITY, GIS, OPERATION, AND MAINTENANCE Chapter 9: Performance Indicators as a Management Support Tool (Helena Alegre) Chapter 10: Reliability and Availability Analysis of Water Distribution (Larry W. Mays, Kevin Lansey , and Y.K. Tung) Chapter 11: Geographic Information Systems Applied to Urban Water Supply Systems (Gonzalo Lopez Patino and Francisco Javier Martinez Solano) Chapter 12: Optimal Operation of Water Systems (Fred E. Goldman, A. Borcu Atlan Sakarya, and Larry W. Mays) Chapter 13: Optimal Maintenance, Rehabilitation, Replacement Scheduling (Caty Werey) Chapter 14: Characterizing Microbial and DBP Risk Tradeoffs in Drinking Water: Application of the CRFM (Robert M. Clark and Glenn Rice) PART 4: CASE STUDIES Chapter 15: Adaptive Management for Water Supply Planning: Sustaining Mexico City's Water Supply (Richard L. Skaggs, Lance W. Vail, and Steve Shankle) Chapter 16: Water Infrastructure Management: An Overview of European Models and Databases (Patrick Eisenbeis, Pascal LeGauffre, and Sveinung Saegrov) Chapter 17: Israel: Urban Water Infrastructure in the Desert (Hendrik J. Bruins) Chapter 18: Using GIS and Hydraulic Modeling to Evaluate Distribution Systems to Industries: A Case Study of Water (Trevor R. Lindley and Steven G. Buchberger) PART 5: SECURITY OF URBAN WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS Chapter 19: Protecting the Nation's Critical Infrastructure: The Vulnerability of U.S. Water Supply Systems (Robert M. Clark and Rolf A. Deininger) Chapter 20: Security Analysis and Response for Water Utilities (Nicholas L. Burns, Christine A. Cooper, David A. Dobbins, Jessica C. Edwards, and Les K. Lampe) Index