Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Différenciation précoce de la terre silicatée enregistrée dans les roches archéennes d'Isua (Groenland) : implications sur la dynamique du manteau au cours du temps

L’enregistrement geologique de l’Hadeen et de l’Eoarcheen etant limite, la composition et l’evolution de la Terre silicatee au cours de ces periodes reste tres debattue et peu connue. La premiere evidence d’un evenement de differenciation precoce du manteau provient de l’etude du systeme eteint 146Sm-142Nd. En effet, les exces en 142Nd detectes dans les echantillons âges de 3.7 milliard d’annees (Ga) d’Isua (Sud-Ouest du Groenland) par rapport aux echantillons modernes, impliquent que leur source fut appauvrie en elements incompatibles et formee durant l’Hadeen. Dans cette these nous avons etudie les systemes isotopiques 146Sm-142Nd, 147Sm–143Nd et 176Lu–176Hf d’une collection d’echantillons mantelliques âges de 3.8 Ga, 3.7 Ga, 3.4 Ga et 3.3 Ga et provenant de differentes unites geologiques de la region d’Isua. Cette collection d’echantillons couvre ~500 millions d’annees de l’histoire precoce terrestre et a permis d’apporter des informations precieuses sur l’evolution de la composition et la dynamique du manteau au debut de l’histoire de la Terre. Nous avons demontre un decouplage des systemes isotopiques de longue-vie Sm-Nd et Lu-Hf dans la source des roches âgees de 3.7 Ga, alors que ces deux systemes sont generalement couples lors des processus magmatiques de basse pression. Pour expliquer ce decouplage, nous proposons que la source des laves d’Isua avait une origine profonde (manteau inferieur). Nous avons egalement confirme les exces en 142Nd dans ces echantillons, ce qui implique que leur source a ete appauvrie en elements incompatibles dans les premiers 100 Ma de l’histoire de la Terre. L’evenement responsable de la differenciation du reservoir appauvri aurait egalement forme un reservoir complementaire enrichi, enregistre dans les roches de 3.4 Ga. Cependant, les echantillons de 3.3 Ga ne montrent pas d’anomalies en 142Nd par rapport aux standards terrestres. Ceci suggere que les heterogeneites chimiques hadeennes aient resiste au melange convectif pendant plus de 1 Ga, puis qu’elles aient disparu et soient remelangees au reste du manteau a 3.3 Ga. Le melange a 3.3 Ga pourrait aussi s’expliquer par les processus de subduction initiees par la tectonique de plaques recemment proposee comme ayant demarree autour de 3.2 Ga.
UNDERSTANDING THE PURCHASE DECISION MAKING OF GENERATION Z IN INDIA FOR ELECTRONIC GADGETS

: This research study aims to explore the purchase decision making of generation z in India for electronic gadgets. with rapid growth of the electronic gadgets market in India, understanding the decision-making process of generation z is crucial for business to develop their business strategies. The study uses qualitative data collection method mainly experimental research. This method employs a survey by asking questions like what, why, how to collect data on the factors influencing the purchase decision making process of generation z. By understanding the preferences and decision-making process of this generation, business can develop their marketing strategies to effectively target and engage with generation z consumers. Overall, this study contributes to the consumer behaviour and provide valuable insights into the purchase decision making process of generation z in India for electronic gadgets.
Statistical Analysis of Aquifer Hydraulic Properties by a Continuous Pumping Tomography Test: Application to the Boise Hydrogeophysical Research Site

Characterizing aquifer heterogeneity is paramount for accurate flow and transport modeling. In this work, we present a new approach for statistical analysis of hydraulic properties in continuous pumping tomography tests of a phreatic aquifer. The method entails determining equivalent hydraulic conductivity (Keq), specific storage (Ss,eq), and specific yield (Sy,eq) at many locations in the field and then calculating statistical moments of the equivalent properties, assuming they are random space variables. Equivalent properties are defined as the ones pertinent to a homogeneous aquifer for which the head time dependent signal fits the one observed in the pumping test. Calculation is carried out in a novel approach, by matching measured head data to two separate semianalytical solutions considering two time periods, early and late. We apply this approach to the Boise Hydrogeophysical Research Site and find that the equivalent property spatial averages decrease with horizontal distance from the pumping well and appear to stabilize at sufficiently large distances, in line with existing theory for Keq. The squared coefficient of variation shows similar behavior, with values indicating a weakly heterogeneous aquifer. Furthermore, estimated values for Keq, Ss,eq, and Sy,eq are in agreement with literature values for the site.
Biological Bases and Characterization in Oncogenes

Cancer is triggered by various things such as job, toxic chemicals, bacteria, the course of life, epithet geneticism and genetics. In genetics, oncogene, tumor suppressor and miRNA cause cancer. These genes are required to proliferate and separate regular cells, which lead to the abnormal expression in the cells. Modifications in the gene level involve mutation, translocation, rearrangation of DNA in the genes contributing to tumor activation and growth. The oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes are respective paradigms of Ras and p53. Oncogenes' properties include growth factors, receptors of growth factors, signal transducers, and nuclear transcription factors, which are the most popular anti-cancer drugs used to treat oncogene antibodies. MicroRNA has already proven its potential to be utilized in patient prognosis and in detection, which are the following cancer drug research priorities.
Changes in Molecular Structure of Humic Substances in Cambisols under Agricultural Use

Soil organic matter stability and transformation affected by agriculture is a global problem of great concern. This study aimed to reveal structural changes in humic molecules under conventional soil tillage in Cambisols of the Transbaikal area. Humic acids were isolated from the humus horizons of native and arable variants of Eutric Cambisol Cryic (gleyic, humic, loamic) from the forest steppe, and Haplic Cambisol (arenic, humic, protocalcic) from the steppe zone. The changes in the humic substances’ quality were evaluated by means of an elemental analysis and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The results indicate that different agronomic management affected the changes in the composition and molecular structure of humic acids. Soil tillage induced an increase in the carbon content, the proportion of aromatic compounds and carboxyl groups and the depletion in nitrogen. As measured by 13C NMR spectroscopy, the intensity of these changes was determined by soil properties and the hydrothermal regime. Organic matter from Eutric Cambisol Cryic was suggested as providing significant environmental resistance to the agricultural impact due to the optimization of the water regime and a loamy texture. Prolonged ploughing of sandy Haplic Cambisol under the arid conditions promoted deep changes in the humic substances’ composition and chemical structure.
commons the role of social movements in protecting the commons

undertakes the productive process. Then the asset owner still has his ownership of the capital asset but has no ownership of the products or management rights over the process (which might include rented or leased assets from many owners). One would think this suppose-the-capital-is-rented-out argument would be easily available to people on the Right and Left who constantly use phases like "ownership of the means of production. " But the misuse of these phrases is quite common. For instance, one way to state the point is that "residual claimancy" is not a property right attached to the ownership of the "means of production"; residual claimancy is a contractual role determined by who hires what or whom in the marketplace. Those who unthinkingly talk about "ownership of the means of production" as if that ownership included residual claimancy are in effect acting like capital cannot be rented. But the characteristic feature of the misnamed "capitalist" economy we have today is not that capital cannot be rented—but that people can be rented. The key institution is not the private ownership of capital but the renting of human beings (the employment contract).
Small area population prediction via hierarchical models

This paper proposes an approach for small area prediction based on data obtained from periodic surveys and censuses. We apply our approach to obtain population predictions for the municipalities not sampled in the Brazilian annual Household Survey (PNAD), as well as to increase the precision of the design-based estimates obtained for the sampled municipalities. In addition to the data provided by the PNAD, we use census demographic data from 1991 and 2000, as well as a complete population count conducted in 1996. Hierarchically non-structured and spatially structured growth models that gain strength from all the sampled municipalities are proposed and compared.
Automated CAD System for Early Stroke Diagnosis: Review

—Stroke is an important health issue that affects millions of people globally each year. Early and precise stroke diagnosis is crucial for efficient treatment and better patient outcomes. Traditional stroke detection procedures, such as manual visual evaluation of clinical data, can be time-consuming and error-prone. Computer-aided diagnostic (CAD) technologies have emerged as a viable option for early stroke diagnosis in recent years. These systems analyze medical pictures, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and identify indicators of stroke using modern algorithms and machine learning approaches. The goal of this review paper is to offer a thorough overview of the current state-of-the-art in CAD systems for early stroke detection. We give an examination of the merits and limits of this technology, as well as future research and development directions in this field. Finally, we contend that CAD systems represent a promising solution for improving the efficiency and accuracy of early stroke diagnosis, resulting in better patient outcomes and lower healthcare costs.
Tracing the Element: The Molecular Bases of Molybdenum Homeostasis in Legumes

The optimization of all constituent conditions to obtain high and even maximum yields is a recent trend in agriculture. Legumes play a special role in this process, as they have unique characteristics with respect to storing protein and many other important components in their seeds that are useful for human and animal nutrition as well as industry and agriculture. A great advantage of legumes is the nitrogen fixation activity of their symbiotic nodule bacteria. This nitrogen self-sufficiency contributes directly to the challenging issue of feeding the world’s growing population. Molybdenum is one of the most sought-after nutrients because it provides optimal conditions for the maximum efficiency of the enzymes involved in nitrogen assimilation as well as other molybdenum-containing enzymes in the host plant and symbiotic nodule bacteria. In this review, we consider the most optimal way of providing legume plants with molybdenum, its distribution in ontogeny throughout the plant, and its accumulation at the end of the growing season in the seeds. Overall, molybdenum supply improves seed quality and allows for the efficient use of the micronutrient by molybdenum-containing enzymes in the plant and subsequently the nodules at the initial stages of growth after germination. A sufficient supply of molybdenum avoids competition for this trace element between nitrogenase and nodule nitrate reductase, which enhances the supply of nitrogen to the plant. Finally, we also consider the possibility of regulating molybdenum homeostasis using modern genetic approaches.
India's Progress towards Achieving Sustainable Development Goals: A Path Forward

-This research study makes an attempt to evaluate India's progress toward achieving the “Sustainable development goals” established by the “United Nations” in 2015. The Sustainable Development Goals Index has been published annually by the National Institution for Transforming India (NITI Ayog) since 2018. This study examines the factors that have influenced India's performance on key SDGs, both positively and negatively, taking into account the SDG 2018 and SDG 2019 Indexes, respectively. This study will also emphasise the areas that will assist policy makers and government officials in improving the achievement of the “Sustainable Development Goals” (SDGs). The implication of this research will further add to the very small body of literature on sustainable development in the Indian setting.
L'espace dans les modèles économétriques d'utilisation des sols : enjeux méthodologiques et applications empiriques

L’utilisation des sols et les changements d’utilisation des sols representent l’une des principales pressions de l’homme sur l’environnement. Certains changements d’usage des sols comme la deforestation ou le retournement de prairies permanentes peuvent avoir des effets nefastes sur l’environnement comme le declin de la biodiversite, la liberation de carbone dans l’atmosphere et l’alteration des cycles de l’eau. Compte tenu de leurs impacts environnementaux, une meilleure comprehension des determinants des usages des sols et des changements d’usage des sols revet une grande importance pour l’evaluation des effets des politiques publiques. Il est donc important de developper des outils de modelisation econometrique, integrant les arbitrages entre les differents usages des sols. Ces outils permettent, d’une part, d’analyser les determinants des changements d’usage des sols entre cultures, forets, prairies, et usage urbain et, d’autre part, d’etudier leurs implications pour l’environnement sous differents scenarii futurs. Cette revue de la litterature montre comment les avancees methodologiques en econometrie spatiale de ces dernieres annees ont permis d’ameliorer la qualite des modeles econometriques a la fois pour identifier avec precision les determinants des changements de l’utilisation des sols mais aussi pour avoir des predictions precises des usages des sols.
Fault Prediction in Electrical Assets Using Infrared Thermography

An infrared thermography technique is discussed in this paper to locate and diagnose the electrical equipment issue. Overheating is among major problems for an electrical device and entire power system. These overheated hotspots must be detected so that the fault can be predicted before it occurs. We used a thermal image of an electrical device taken from a infrared camera to apply our method to detect the hot region and find the maximum temperature and minimum temperature in the image. Image de-noising is done with the help of morphological reconstruction followed by Watershed transformation for image segmentation to identify and separate the region having high pixel intensity as we know that area with high pixel intensity will also have high temperature. Our method achieved near to exact maximum and minimum temperature of electrical device.
Effects of kinesthetic cues supported by physiotherapist during a motor training intervention with virtual reality-based games on functioning in people with Parkinsons disease: A prospective, single-blinded, parallel-group, randomized, clinical trial.

Background: Effects of kinesthetic cues (KC) offered through physiotherapists (PT) during the training with virtual reality-based games (VRG) in people with Parkinson's Disease (PwPD) have not been investigated yet. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effects of motor intervention using VRG coupled or not with KC provided by a PT during the training on the functioning of PwPD. Methods: Thirty-eight PwPD in 1-3 Hoehn and Yahr (HY) stage were randomized into two groups: (1) VRG with KC Group (KCG), where KC was provided by manual assistance of a PT, and (2) VRG with NO KC group (NKCG), where no PT manual assistance was provided during the training. Both groups received 8 individual sessions with 50 minutes, twice a week, for 4 weeks: 10 minutes for warm-up and 40 minutes to play 4 games from XBOX 360 with Kinect system. Outcomes were evaluated three times: (1) before training (BT), (2) 1 week after training (AT), and 8 weeks after that as follow-up (FU). To reach a comprehensive evaluation of functioning, several outcomes were adopted and categorized according to International Classification of Functioning Disability and Health (ICF): Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS); Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA); Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) - section 3 (UPDRS-III); and Rapid Turns Test (RTT) used to assess motor and non-motor alteration into Function domain; Balance Evaluation Systems Test (BESTest); Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I); Thirty-Second Walk Test (30sWT); Six-Minute Walk Test (6mWT); 5 Times Sit to Stand Test; and UPDRS section II (UPDRS-II) used to assess motor performance into Activity domain, and finally, the Parkinson Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39) to assess quality of life into Participation domain. Results: ANOVA for repeated measures showed a significant effect for evaluation-time factor only (p-value<.001), (no effect for group or evaluation-time X group interaction) for all measures of three ICF domains, excluding GDS and 6mWT. The Tukey post-hoc test confirmed significant improvements in AT that remained at FU. Conclusions: A motor intervention using VRG can improve the functioning in terms of Function, Activity, and Participation of PwPD, regardless of the KC provided by PT during the training.
Transport in Europe

In this reference for transport policymakers, planners and researchers, the author sheds new light on the controversial debate about the role of automobile and truck transport in Europe and shows that many commonly held assumptions are poorly founded. In examining all forms of land transport, including urban and nonurban roadways, railways, freight transport, maritime and air transportation, the author argues why transport policies worldwide are in need of considerable change. Some of the topics covered are: road accidents; competition between water, rail, air and highways; freight transport; road networks; metroroutes; railway networks; sea crossings; urban transportation centers; environmental issues and the car.
Iterative learning radial basis function neural networks control for unknown multi input multi output nonlinear systems with unknown control direction

In this paper, an iterative learning radial basis function neural-networks (RBF NN) control algorithm is developed for a class of unknown multi input multi output (MIMO) nonlinear systems with unknown control directions. The proposed control scheme is very simple in the sense that we use just a P-type iterative learning control (ILC) updating law in which an RBF neural network term is added to approximate the unknown nonlinear function, and an adaptive law for the weights of RBF neural network is proposed. We chose the RBF NN because it has universal approximation capabilities and can approximate any continuous function. In addition, among the advantages of our controller scheme is the fact that it is applicable to deal with a class of nonlinear systems without the need to satisfy the global Lipschitz continuity condition and we assume, only, that the unstructured uncertainty is norm-bounded by an unknown function. Another advantage of the proposed controller and unlike other works on ILC, we do not need any prior knowledge of the control directions for MIMO nonlinear system. Thus, the Nussbaum-type function is used to solve the problem of unknown control directions. In order to prove the asymptotic stability of the closed-loop system, a Lyapunov-like positive definite sequence is used, which is shown to be monotonically decreasing under the control design scheme. Finally, an illustrative example is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.
HIRA: Heart Rate Interval based Rapid Alert score to characterize autonomic dysfunction among patients with sepsis-related acute respiratory failure (ARF)

Objective. To examine whether heart rate interval based rapid alert (HIRA) score derived from a combination model of heart rate variability (HRV) and modified early warning score (MEWS) is a surrogate for the detection of acute respiratory failure (ARF) in critically ill sepsis patients. Approach. Retrospective HRV analysis of sepsis patients admitted to Emory healthcare intensive care unit (ICU) was performed between sepsis-related ARF and sepsis controls without ARF. HRV measures such as time domain, frequency domain, and nonlinear measures were analyzed up to 24 h after patient admission, 1 h before the onset of ARF, and a random event time in the sepsis controls. Statistical significance was computed by the Wilcoxon Rank Sum test. Machine learning algorithms such as eXtreme Gradient Boosting and logistic regression were developed to validate the HIRA score model. The performance of HIRA and early warning score models were evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC). Main Results. A total of 89 (ICU) patients with sepsis were included in this retrospective cohort study, of whom 31 (34%) developed sepsis-related ARF and 58 (65%) were sepsis controls without ARF. Time-domain HRV for Electrocardiogram (ECG) Beat-to-Beat RR intervals strongly distinguished ARF patients from controls. HRV measures for nonlinear and frequency domains were significantly altered (p < 0.05) among ARF compared to controls. The HIRA score AUC: 0.93; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.88–0.98) showed a higher predictive ability to detect ARF when compared to MEWS (AUC: 0.71; 95% CI: 0.50–0.90). Significance. HRV was significantly impaired across patients who developed ARF when compared to controls. The HIRA score uses non-invasively derived HRV and may be used to inform diagnostic and therapeutic decisions regarding the severity of sepsis and earlier identification of the need for mechanical ventilation.
Staph wars: the antibiotic pipeline strikes back

Antibiotic chemotherapy is widely regarded as one of the most significant medical advancements in history. However, the continued misuse of antibiotics has contributed to the rapid rise of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) globally. Staphylococcus aureus , a major human pathogen, has become synonymous with multidrug resistance and is a leading antimicrobial-resistant pathogen causing significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. This review focuses on (1) the targets of current anti-staphylococcal antibiotics and the specific mechanisms that confirm resistance; (2) an in-depth analysis of recently licensed antibiotics approved for the treatment of S. aureus infections; and (3) an examination of the pre-clinical pipeline of anti-staphylococcal compounds. In addition, we examine the molecular mechanism of action of novel antimicrobials and derivatives of existing classes of antibiotics, collate data on the emergence of resistance to new compounds and provide an overview of key data from clinical trials evaluating anti-staphylococcal compounds. We present several successful cases in the development of alternative forms of existing antibiotics that have activity against multidrug-resistant S. aureus . Pre-clinical antimicrobials show promise, but more focus and funding are required to develop novel classes of compounds that can curtail the spread of and sustainably control antimicrobial-resistant S. aureus infections.