Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
B-Box Transcription Factor FaBBX22 Promotes Light-Induced Anthocyanin Accumulation in Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa)

B-box transcription factors (TFs) play a vital role in light-induced anthocyanin accumulation. Here, the FaBBX22 gene encoding 287 amino acids B-box TF was isolated from the cultivated strawberry variety ‘Benihoppe’ and characterized functionally. The expression analysis showed that FaBBX22 was expressed in the roots, stems, leaves, flowers and fruits, and its transcription level was upregulated under the red- or blue-light irradiation. FaBBX22 was localized in the nucleus and showed trans-acting activity in yeast cells. Ectopic overexpression of FaBBX22 in Arabidopsis enhanced the accumulation of anthocyanin. Additionally, we obtained transgenic strawberry calli that overexpressed the FaBBX22 gene, and strawberry calli coloration assays showed that FaBBX22 increased anthocyanin accumulation by upregulating the expression of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes (FaPAL, FaANS, FaF3′H, FaUFGT1) and transport gene FaRAP in a light-dependent manner. Yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays indicated that FaBBX22 interacted with FaHY5. Furthermore, mutation of the 70th Asp residue in FaBBX22 protein to an Ala residue disrupted the interaction between FaBBX22 and FaHY5. Further, a transient expression assay demonstrated that the co-expression of FaBBX22 and FaHY5 could strongly promote anthocyanin accumulation in strawberry fruits. Collectively, these results revealed the positive regulatory role of FaBBX22 in light-induced anthocyanin accumulation.
Recent Advances in the Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Propolis

ABSTRACT Propolis is a resinous substance from beehive produced by the combination of plants and bee secretions. For a long time, this substance has gotten high attention in traditional and modern medicine. The aim of this review was to discuss the recent advances in the chemical composition and biological activities of propolis. The search for recent publications was based on several databases, such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Science-Direct, and Web of Sciences using relevant keywords. Literature data showed that several new compounds have recently been identified in propolis. The most important biological properties of propolis were discussed in this review, namely antibacterial, antiparasitic, antiviral, antioxidant, antileishmanial, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, immunomodulatory, and anticancer. In terms of safety, the data showed low toxicity of propolis even at high doses. Overall, propolis can be considered a promising source of bioactive compounds for drug development.
AGREEing on Clinical Practice Guidelines for Autism Spectrum Disorders in Children: A Systematic Review and Quality Assessment

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a multifaceted neurodevelopmental disorder requiring multimodal intervention and an army of multidisciplinary teams for a proper rehabilitation plan. Accordingly, multiple practice guidelines have been published for different disciplines. However, systematic evidence to detect and intervene must be updated regularly. Our main objective is to compare and summarize the recommendations made in the clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for ASD in children released from November 2015 to March 2022. Methods: CPGs were subjected to a systematic review. We developed the inclusion and exclusion criteria and health-related questions, then searched and screened for CPGs utilizing bibliographic and CPG databases. Each of the CPGs used in the study were critically evaluated using the Appraisal of Guidelines for REsearch and Evaluation II (AGREE II) instrument. In a realistic comparison table, we summarized the recommendations. Results: Four eligible CPGs were appraised: Australian Autism CRC (ACRC); Ministry of Health New Zealand (NZ); National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE); and Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network, Healthcare Improvement Scotland (SIGN-HIS). The overall assessments of all four CPGs scored greater than 80%; these findings were consistent with the high scores in the six domains of AGREE II, including: (1) scope and purpose, (2) stakeholder involvement, (3) rigor of development, (4) clarity of presentation, (5) applicability, and (6) editorial independence domains. Domain (3) scored 84%, 93%, 86%, and 85%; domain (5) 92%, 89%, 54%, and 85%; and domain (6) 92%, 96%, 88%, and 92% for ACRC, NICE, NZ, and SIGN-HIS, respectively. Overall, there were no serious conflicts between the clinical recommendations of the four CPGs, but some were more comprehensive and elaborative than others. Conclusions: All four assessed evidence-based CPGs demonstrated high methodological quality and relevance for use in practice.
Dark Current and Gain Modeling of Mid-Wave and Short-Wave Infrared Compositionally Graded HgCdTe Avalanche Photodiodes

We present a detailed methodology for drift-diffusion (DD) modeling of gain and dark currents in mid-wave infrared (MWIR) and short-wave infrared (SWIR) <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mathrm {Hg}}_{{1}-{x}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>Cd<sub><italic>x</italic></sub>Te <italic>p-around-n</italic> avalanche photodiodes (APDs) based on a comprehensive analysis of experimentally obtained data from three different sets of devices. These devices are fabricated on homogeneous and compositionally-graded films with cadmium composition ranging from <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${x}\,\,=0.37$ </tex-math></inline-formula> to 0.45, each with differing geometrical dimensions, and tested at operating temperatures ranging from 140 to 240 K. The temperature, composition, and electric-field dependent impact ionization (ImI) coefficients are calibrated first according to the given experimental gain data. The gain-normalized dark current (GNDC) curve, along with the presumption of electron-only multiplication, is then used to thoroughly understand and model the behavior of diffusion and generation currents. At high biases, the GNDC curve reveals contributions from tunneling, which are classified as either trap-assisted or band-to-band based on their temperature dependence. The tunneling mechanisms are modeled accordingly: trap-assisted tunneling (TAT) is scaled inversely with Shockley–Read–Hall (SRH) lifetime, while band-to-band tunneling (BTBT) is scaled with bandgap, effective mass, and an additional empirical temperature term. Finally, the comprehensive model is applied to all three experimental devices across the operating temperature range with good agreement.
Possibilities of modeling the distribution network via mathematical programming

This paper is dedicated to mathematical possibilities of modeling the distribution network via discrete mixed integer tasks. There are analyzed different factors that influence the distribution network design. Specifically, there are capacity restrictions of facilities (capacity of warehouses, distribution centers, and production facilities), costs connected with distribution technique (routing problem or direct route warehouse, customer, and warehouse), warehousing costs and safety inventory cost and planning of production.
The development of a novel method to identify and describe driving events using only MEMS-sensors in an unmounted smartphone.

The eld of vehicle telematics has been revolutionised by mobileand sensor technology. Mobile phones have become pervasive and the increase in processing capacity, connectivity and richness of sensors have lead to dedicated vehicle telematics hardware being replaced by the widely obtainable and a ordable smartphone. The main inconveniences of using mobile phones for telematics sensing are batteryhungry systems (such as GPS) and app-related constraints on device position during operation (as required by systems using Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) sensors). Since users are in control of smartphones' permissions and application life cycles, these can be revoked and deactivated at will. Thus, to be a viable solution, the inconvenience caused to the user has to be minimised. This thesis analyses and compares the e cacy and challenges of using the Global Positioning System (GPS) vs. Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) sensors. The main metric considered, apart from user convenience, is the ability to detect driving events. It is hypothesised that a generalised sensing platform can be developed to identify a complete and representative set of driving events by exclusively using MEMS sensors in an unmounted smartphone. A system is developed for collecting, annotating and visualising driving data. More than 5000 user-identi ed driving events' data were collected and labelled using a developed, automated, Fuzzy Logic-based annotation algorithm. MEMS sensor errors and errors induced by sampling from a smartphone-based platform were characterised and a thorough spectral analysis identi ed high frequency information in MEMS sensor data with speci c relevance to driving event detection. A unique multirate processing pipeline was developed using the acquired knowledge. By mitigating the identi ed errors, exploiting high frequency characteristics in the data and implementing a novel reorientation algorithm, the processing pipeline allows data from an unmounted smartphone to be transformed causally and e ciently into data apt for machine learning. Hidden Markov Models and Random Forests are trained, tested and compared using the processed data. The results of the, better performing, Random Forests show a Balanced accuracy of 70.3% for classifying a complete set of 9 driving events at 2Hz and balanced accuracies of 93%, 88% and 78% for most prevalent events, turning, stationarity and coasting respectively. Though the developed processing and classi cation systems have not been optimised, or implemented in the form of a smartphone application, the road has been paved for doing so. Given an application that can classify all signi cant types of driving events in a non-invasive and convenient way, information of speci c relevance to an event of interest (i.e. yaw rate for a turn) could be parametrised and uploaded to the cloud. This could have a disruptive e ect on the elds of vehicle telematics, intelligent transportation systems and participatory data aggregation. ii Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za
The effects of prosocial lyrics music on attentional bias

Music is one of the most common social media in people’s lives, and music with prosocial lyrics can promote an individual’s prosocial behaviors. The social information processing model points out that an individual’s behavior is affected by the selective processing of attentional information. This study used a spatial cue paradigm to compare the differences in attentional bias for prosocial cues between music with prosocial and neutral lyrics. The results show that music with prosocial lyrics can induce attentional engagement toward prosocial words, but not difficulty in attentional disengagement. This study revealed that individuals are more likely to pay attention to prosocial information after listening to music with prosocial lyrics, and that attention may play an important role in the impact of music on individuals’ behaviors.
Argumente und Möglichkeiten für eine Quantifizierung und ein Monitoring der differenzierten Landnutzung

The concept of differentiated land use was formulated already 50 years ago to preserve biodiversity and to maintain or restore the necessary landscape structure. Although it has been anchored in the Federal Nature Conservation Act, there is still no monitoring of its implementation, although the German Advisory Council on the Environment has been calling for this for 25 years. The paper argues that the technical prerequisites for monitoring the differentiated land use are ready today and discusses the conceptual steps necessary. It identifies several dimensions and proposes corresponding indicators of landscape structure, in particular the degree of diversification and the mixing of intensive land uses, the distribution of the size of intensively used areas, the proportion of semi-natural areas (at least 10 %) and the interconnected arrangement of semi-natural areas. Furthermore, the paper discusses suitable reference units and existing data. Finally, we identify remaining gaps in the data basis and discuss the question of defining target values.
The Quantitative Associations Between Near Infrared Spectroscopic Cerebrovascular Metrics and Cerebral Blood Flow: A Scoping Review of the Human and Animal Literature

Cerebral blood flow (CBF) is an important physiologic parameter that is vital for proper cerebral function and recovery. Current widely accepted methods of measuring CBF are cumbersome, invasive, or have poor spatial or temporal resolution. Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) based measures of cerebrovascular physiology may provide a means of non-invasively, topographically, and continuously measuring CBF. We performed a systematically conducted scoping review of the available literature examining the quantitative relationship between NIRS-based cerebrovascular metrics and CBF. We found that continuous-wave NIRS (CW-NIRS) was the most examined modality with dynamic contrast enhanced NIRS (DCE-NIRS) being the next most common. Fewer studies assessed diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) and frequency resolved NIRS (FR-NIRS). We did not find studies examining the relationship between time-resolved NIRS (TR-NIRS) based metrics and CBF. Studies were most frequently conducted in humans and animal studies mostly utilized large animal models. The identified studies almost exclusively used a Pearson correlation analysis. Much of the literature supported a positive linear relationship between changes in CW-NIRS based metrics, particularly regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2), and changes in CBF. Linear relationships were also identified between other NIRS based modalities and CBF, however, further validation is needed.
Safety and Efficacy of Unicondylar Knee Prosthesis Treatment for Unicompartmental Osteoarthritis of the Knee Joint

Background Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a chronic disease that seriously endangers the health of the elderly. Choosing appropriate surgery for knee osteoarthritis patients is especially important. Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of unicondylar knee prosthesis treatment for unicompartmental osteoarthritis of the knee. Materials and Methods One hundred patients with unicondylar osteoarthritis of the knee treated in our hospital from June 2019 to June 2021 were selected as retrospective study subjects and were divided into 50 cases each in the comparison group and the observation group according to the different surgical methods. Among them, the comparison group was treated with unicondylar knee arthroplasty (UKA), and the observation group was treated with unicondylar knee prosthesis replacement, and the differences in AKS score, knee flexion angle, tibial angle orthosis, joint mobility, and postoperative recovery were compared between the two groups. Results The AKS score and knee flexion angle score of the observation group were higher than those of the comparison group after surgery. However, the tibial angle orthopedic score of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the comparison group after surgery for comparison, and the VAS score of the observation group was lower than that of the comparison group. However, the Lysholm score of the observation group was higher than that of the control group after surgery (P < 0.05). The complication rate of patients in the observation group was significantly lower than that of the comparison group, and the HSS score, VAS score, and knee mobility (ROM) of the two groups were statistically significant (P < 0.05) when compared at 7 d after surgery and 6 months after surgery. Conclusion The clinical efficacy of unicondylar knee prosthesis replacement for osteoarthritis of the knee is better than that of unicondylar knee arthroplasty (UKA) treatment.
Evaluation of the Dangerous Decibels Brazil Program in Workers Exposed to Noise

Introduction Noise-induced hearing loss can be avoided by taking preventive measures. Objective To assess the effectiveness of the Brazilian version of the Dangerous Decibels® program for noise-exposed workers, using the ecological model as an educational intervention plan. Method Non-randomized interventional study with a quantitative, experimental trial design, conducted at a meatpacking company. The participants were divided into two groups—the first one (n = 132, divided into 6 subgroups) received the Dangerous Decibels® Brazil educational intervention (DDBEI) adapted to workers while the second group (n = 138, divided into 5 subgroups) received a conventional educational intervention (CEI). The interventions lasted 50 min. The Hearing Protection Assessment Questionnaire (HPA-5) was administered before and after the interventions. The five dimensions (attitude, behavior, knowledge, supports, and barriers) were compared using the Student’s t-test for paired data (<0.05). Results After both the DDBEI and CEI training, workers improved significantly in barriers, supports, knowledge, attitudes, and behavior around noise. By chance, the CEI group scored lower in all measures than the DDBEI group before training, and though both groups improved, the difference was maintained after training. Conclusion The Brazilian version of the Dangerous Decibels® program for noise-exposed workers was effective, influencing positively the factors at different levels of the ecological model. Though the DDBEI was no more effective than the CEI, the CEI participants began at much lower levels, so the effectiveness of the DDBEI may have been underestimated.
Novel Design of Ultra Wide Band Power Divider/Combiner

Here, an Ultra-wide band (UWB) power divider which also functions as the power combiner is presented. Combinations of the Tapered lines (Klopfenstein and triangular taper) have been used in this design for effective matching between ports. Resistors are used for better isolation between the output ports so that the power divider can also functions as the power combiner. This design achieved the bandwidth of 18.8 GHz. Across the frequency range of 1.4 to 20.2 GHz, the return loss and isolation of the output ports are better than 20 dB. These power divider and power combiners are compatible for implementation in various modern wireless communication systems and in high power applications.
Efecto inhibitorio de extractos de Renealmia alpinia Rottb. Maas (Zingiberaceae) sobre el veneno de Bothrops asper (mapaná)

Introduccion. La medicina tradicional es una invaluable fuente de investigacion de nuevos remedioscomo complemento para el tratamiento del accidente ofidico, considerado como un grave problema desalud publica a nivel mundial. Objetivo. Este trabajo de investigacion pretende comprobar la capacidad de neutralizar los efectoshemorragicos, coagulantes y proteoliticos, de los extractos de hojas de Renealmia alpinia , usadatradicionalmente por los indigenas del Choco (Colombia) contra la mordedura de la serpiente Bothropsasper, causante de la gran mayoria de los accidentes ofidicos en nuestro pais. Materiales y metodos. Se llevaron a cabo ensayos de toxicidad aguda y de actividad analgesica in vivo de R. alpinia . Ademas, se hicieron ensayos in vitro sobre inhibicion de las actividades coagulante,hemolitica y proteolitica del veneno de Resultados. El presente estudio demuestra que R. alpinia no produce efectos toxicos en animales deexperimentacion; ademas, presenta efectos analgesicos in vivo y antiofidicos in vitro , y protege contralos efectos letales del veneno de B. asper, in vivo . Conclusion. Renealmia alpinia puede ser una buena alternativa terapeutica como complemento altratamiento con antiveneno en el accidente ofidico, por sus efectos analgesicos y antiofidicos. doi: http://dx.doi. org/10.7705/biomedica.v32i3. 591
Future Challenges and Mitigation Methods for High Photovoltaic Penetration: A Survey

Integration of high volume (high penetration) of photovoltaic (PV) generation with power grids consequently leads to some technical challenges that are mainly due to the intermittent nature of solar energy, the volume of data involved in the smart grid architecture, and the impact power electronic-based smart inverters. These challenges include reverse power flow, voltage fluctuations, power quality issues, dynamic stability, big data challenges and others. This paper investigates the existing challenges with the current level of PV penetration and looks into the challenges with high PV penetration in future scenarios such as smart cities, transactive energy, proliferation of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), possible eclipse events, big data issues and environmental impacts. Within the context of these future scenarios, this paper reviewed the existing solutions and provides insights to new and future solutions that could be explored to ultimately address these issues and improve the smart grid’s security, reliability and resiliency.
Chloroplasts Protein Quality Control and Turnover: A Multitude of Mechanisms

As the organelle of photosynthesis and other important metabolic pathways, chloroplasts contain up to 70% of leaf proteins with uniquely complex processes in synthesis, import, assembly, and turnover. Maintaining functional protein homeostasis in chloroplasts is vitally important for the fitness and survival of plants. Research over the past several decades has revealed a multitude of mechanisms that play important roles in chloroplast protein quality control and turnover under normal and stress conditions. These mechanisms include: (i) endosymbiotically-derived proteases and associated proteins that play a vital role in maintaining protein homeostasis inside the chloroplasts, (ii) the ubiquitin-dependent turnover of unimported chloroplast precursor proteins to prevent their accumulation in the cytosol, (iii) chloroplast-associated degradation of the chloroplast outer-membrane translocon proteins for the regulation of chloroplast protein import, (iv) chloroplast unfolded protein response triggered by accumulated unfolded and misfolded proteins inside the chloroplasts, and (v) vesicle-mediated degradation of chloroplast components in the vacuole. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of these diverse mechanisms of chloroplast protein quality control and turnover and discuss important questions that remain to be addressed in order to better understand and improve important chloroplast functions.