Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Application of Levofloxacin–Tin Complexes as New Photostabilizers for Polyvinyl Chloride

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is a synthetic polymer with a wide range of applications with impact on our daily life. It can undergo photodegradation with toxic products that are hazardous to both human health and the environment. In addition, photodegradation shortens the useful lifetime of the material. Elongation of the effective lifespan of PVC is, therefore, a salient area of research. Recently, a lot of attention has been directed toward the design, preparation, and usage of new additives that are capable of reducing the photodecomposition of PVC. This work investigates the synthesis of new levofloxacin-tin complexes and their potential exploitation against the photodecomposition of PVC. Several levofloxacin-tin complexes have been synthesized, in high yields, by a simple procedure and characterized. The potential use of the additives as photostabilizers for PVC has been investigated through the determination of weight loss, molecular weight depression, formation of fragments containing carbonyl and alkene groups, and surface morphology of irradiated PVC films. The results show that the new additives are effective in reducing the photodegradation of PVC. The new levofloxacin-tin complexes act as absorbers of ultraviolet light and quenchers of highly reactive species such as free radicals produced during photodegradation. They are more effective photostabilizers compared with organotin complexes previously reported. The complexes containing aromatic substituents were more effective than those counterparts having aliphatic residues.
Interpersonal synchrony across vocal and lexical modalities in interactions involving children with autism spectrum disorder

Quantifying behavioral synchrony can inform clinical diagnosis, long-term monitoring, and individualised interventions in neuro-developmental disorders characterized by deficit in communication and social interaction, such as autism spectrum disorder. In this work, three different objective measures of interpersonal synchrony are evaluated across vocal and linguistic communication modalities. For vocal prosodic and spectral features, dynamic time warping distance and squared cosine distance of (feature-wise) complexity are used, and for lexical features, word mover's distance is applied to capture behavioral synchrony. It is shown that these interpersonal vocal and linguistic synchrony measures capture complementary information that helps in characterizing overall behavioral patterns.
Porcine Small Intestinal Submucosa Alters the Biochemical Properties of Wound Healing: A Narrative Review

Among the many biological scaffold materials currently available for clinical use, the small intestinal submucosa (SIS) is an effective material for wound healing. SIS contains numerous active forms of extracellular matrix that support angiogenesis, cell migration, and proliferation, providing growth factors involved in signaling for tissue formation and assisting wound healing. SIS not only serves as a bioscaffold for cell migration and differentiation, but also restores the impaired dynamic reciprocity between cells and the extracellular matrix, ultimately driving wound healing. Here, we review the evidence on how SIS can shift the biochemical balance in a wound from chronic to an acute state.
Evaluation of the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of extracts obtained from four agro-industrial residues after different pretreatments

Agro-industrial wastes are not of interest to the industry that generated them; however, they can be used for the extraction of high value-added compounds. Compounds with antimicrobial and antioxidant activity can be recovered from residues generated by different industries. Jalisco is a large agri-food producer therefore resides generated by established or growing industries in the state were selected. However, the extraction of the compounds of interest from residues cannot be carried out directly, they must be subjected to different treatments that break the matrices to release the components of interest and increase the extraction yield. In this study, aqueous, enzymatic, chemical-enzymatic and ethanolic extractions were used to evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial capacity of the extracts. As residues, agave bagasse and brewers spent grain were evaluated, as well as blackberry and raspberry, both showing the first stages of spoilage. For the evaluation of antioxidant capacity ABTS and DPPH techniques were used. The antimicrobial capacity was evaluated by observing the inhibition halo caused by the extracts, and the inhibition percentage using different concentrations of the extracts, with three Gram-positive bacteria, three Gram-negative bacteria and three yeasts. The techniques used for the recovery of compounds with antioxidant and antimicrobial activity were adequate, and it was possible to observe differences between pretreatments for the different residues. It should be mentioned that inhibition was observed in the growth of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria using low concentrations (10% of extracts).
The modelling of M-giant spectra

I review the current status of cool O-rich giant star spectral modelling, stressing some specific problems like line profiles and molecular data completeness. I discuss recent progress in molecular line lists (TiO, YO) and describe recent attempts in modelling normal M-giants as well as AGB star spectra, using static and hydrodynamic models. I antic-ipate further advances in the near future, with better radiative transfer in hydrodynamic models, that will allow detailed comparisons of models and observations, opening the possibility of deriving stellar parameters from spectroscopic and interferometric observations.
In Vitro Antimicrobial Effect of Novel Electrospun Polylactic Acid/Hydroxyapatite Nanofibres Loaded with Doxycycline

The present study aimed to assess the in vitro antimicrobial effects of a novel biomaterial containing polylactic acid (PLA), nano-hydroxyapatite (nano-HAP) and Doxycycline (Doxy) obtained by electrospinning and designed for the non-surgical periodontal treatment. The antimicrobial activity of two samples (test sample, PLA-HAP-Doxy7: 5% PLA, nano-HAP, 7% Doxy and control sample, PLA-HAP: 5% PLA, nano-HAP) against two periodontal pathogens—Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis—was assessed using the Kirby–Bauer Disk Diffusion Susceptibility Test and compared with the effect of four antibiotics used as adjuvants in periodontal therapy: Amoxicillin, Ampicillin, Doxy and Metronidazole. The test sample (embedded with Doxy) showed higher inhibitory effects than commonly used antibiotics used in the treatment of periodontitis, while the control sample showed no inhibitory effects. Moreover, significant differences were observed between the inhibition zones of the two samples (p < 0.05). The Doxy-loaded PLA nanofibres had an antimicrobial effect against the periodontal pathogens. Based on these results, the novel biomaterial could be a promising candidate as adjuvant for the non-surgical local treatment in periodontitis.
Challenges of Ground Control System in Ensuring Safe Flights for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) are considered as evolving technology due to the diversity and feasibility of their applications. Generally, UAS are controlled by a ground operator in a ground control station (GCS). GCS can be used for several remote applications for unmanned vehicles; however, for the purpose of this review, GCS applications would be limited to its application on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV). Such stations are made up of basic components consisting of commercial-off-the-shelf components and low-cost equipment depending on the sophistication of the UAV. This requires that as UAVs evolve, GCS are equally upgraded to meet with the technological feet. This paper discusses the challenges associated with GCS in ensuring safe operations of the UAV. Hence, a brief background of GCS, its architecture, applications, inherent challenges and the proposed solutions are presented.
FMCW-MIMO Radar-Based Pedestrian Trajectory Tracking Under Low- Observable Environments

Pedestrian trajectory perception is always a challenging task for autonomous urban driving since the weak echoes from pedestrians may be masked by strong background clutters, for example, road infrastructures and other vehicles. As a consequence, this article presents a frequency-modulated continuous wave-multiple input multiple output (FMCW-MIMO) radar-based trajectory tracking method to realize continuous pedestrian detection and tracking under low-observable environments. More specifically, the keystone transform-constant false alarm ratio (KT-CFAR) is first proposed to maximize the output signal-to-interference plus noise ratio (SINR) depending on the time–space correlations of a sequence of consecutive echoes, for the sake of improving the pedestrian detection probability under low-observable conditions. Then, the multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm is employed to provide a high azimuth resolution to improve the multitarget resolving ability. After that, a pedestrian trajectory tracking framework is constructed by means of Bayesian theory and sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) sampling. Finally, simulation and experimental results show that the proposed method can obtain high-precision pedestrian trajectory tracking under low SINR conditions compared with conventional Kalman filter (KF)-based tracking methods.
Cerebral Organoids as an Experimental Platform for Human Neurogenomics

The cerebral cortex forms early in development according to a series of heritable neurodevelopmental instructions. Despite deep evolutionary conservation of the cerebral cortex and its foundational six-layered architecture, significant variations in cortical size and folding can be found across mammals, including a disproportionate expansion of the prefrontal cortex in humans. Yet our mechanistic understanding of neurodevelopmental processes is derived overwhelmingly from rodent models, which fail to capture many human-enriched features of cortical development. With the advent of pluripotent stem cells and technologies for differentiating three-dimensional cultures of neural tissue in vitro, cerebral organoids have emerged as an experimental platform that recapitulates several hallmarks of human brain development. In this review, we discuss the merits and limitations of cerebral organoids as experimental models of the developing human brain. We highlight innovations in technology development that seek to increase its fidelity to brain development in vivo and discuss recent efforts to use cerebral organoids to study regeneration and brain evolution as well as to develop neurological and neuropsychiatric disease models.
Autonomous Diagnosis and Therapy : miRNA Detection and Drug Release using Programmable DNA and Biological Nanopore

This paper describes a droplet system which diagnoses and releases DNA drugs autonomously for treatment of a small cell lung cancer (SCLC) using a programmable DNA. Although microRNA (miRNA) has attracted attentions as an early diagnostic marker of cancers, a simple diagnostic system has been aspired because the conventional methods require the time-consuming and multistep procedures. In this study, we constructed the droplet system; one droplet has programmed DNA which detect the miRNA, and then DNA drugs can be transported to the next droplet through the nanopores. We believe this autonomous system can be applied to the drug delivery system.
The influence of olive tree fertilization on the phenols in virgin olive oils. A review

The total phenols in virgin olive oil are highly dependent on cultivar, but also on ripening stage and other agronomic factors. The focus of most studies on agronomic factors has been irrigation, while fertilization has received less attention. Most of the fertilization works find that nitrogen over-fertilization leads to a decrease in phenol contents in virgin olive oil (VOO) and extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), under rain-fed or irrigation management. Ortho-diphenols also decrease with high doses of nitrogen, with no effect on secoiridoids. Phosphorous has a minor effect on irrigated trees; while the role of potassium is controversial, with a lack of trials with calcium and micro-nutrients. Due to the great impact of the fertilization on the phenol content and quality of VOO, new research is necessary with focus aimed at different cultivars and agronomic factors.
The Impact of Bariatric-Surgery-Induced Weight Loss on Patients Undergoing Liver Transplant: A Focus on Metabolism, Pathophysiological Changes, and Outcome in Obese Patients Suffering NAFLD-Related Cirrhosis

Because of their condition, patients with morbid obesity develop several histopathological changes in the liver, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis, and end-stage liver disease (ESLD). Hence, a liver transplant (LT) becomes an opportune solution for them. Due to many challenges during the perioperative and postoperative periods, these patients are recommended to lose weight before the surgery. There are many proposals to achieve this goal, such as intragastric balloons and many different bariatric surgery (BS) procedures in combination with a preparation diet (very-low-calorie diet, ketogenic diet, etc.). All the interventions focus on losing weight and keeping the continuity and functionality of the digestive tract to avoid postoperative complications. Thus, this review analyzes recent publications regarding the metabolic and pathophysiological impacts of BS in LT patients suffering from NAFLD-related cirrhosis, the effect of weight loss on postoperative complications, and exposes the cost-effectiveness of performing BS before, after, and at liver transplantation. Finally, the authors recommend BS before the LT since there are many positive effects and better outcomes for patients who lose weight before the procedure. Nevertheless, further multicentric studies are needed to determine the generalizability of these recommendations due to their impact on public health.
MIKROENKAPSULASI PIGMEN BETA-KAROTEN DENGAN METODE FOAM MAT DRYING MENGGUNAKAN GELATIN TULANG IKAN KAKAP MERAH SEBAGAI BAHAN PENYALUT

Carrots (Daucus carota L.) are vegetables of the Apiaceae family that contain carotenoids, flavonoids, polyacetylenes, vitamins, and antioxidants. One of the carotenoid derivative compounds is beta-carotene. However, neither carotenoids nor their derivatives are stable on oxidation and easily degraded when exposed to light, oxygen, acids, and heat during food processing and storage. Microencapsulation with foam-mat drying method is an alternative to maintain the stability of beta-carotene pigments. The research aimed to study the effects of the red-snapper bone gelatin and maltodextrin ratios on characteristics of the encapsulated 𝛽 -carotene. This research is used as a reference for literature regarding the development of halal gelatin and its application as a coating material for pigment microencapsulation. This research used a randomized block design with one factor, the ratios of gelatin and maltodextrin were GM 1 (1:1); GM 2 (1:1.5), GM 3 (1:2), and GM 4 (1:2.5). The results of the research showed that the ratio factors of gelatin and maltodextrin had a real impact on yield, water content, total carotenoids, surface carotenoids, solubility, encapsulation efficiency, rehydration ratio, bulk density, color intensity, and morphological observation using an optical microscope. The results showed the best treatment resulted in the ratio of the GM 1 (1:1) with the yield of 9.84 percent, the water content of 8.8 percent, total carotenoids of 203.85 mg/g, surface carotenoids of 2.01 mg/g, the solubility of 63.67percent, encapsulation efficiency of 99.15 percent the rehydration ratio of 259.70 percent, the bulk density of 0.3532 g/m, and color intensity (L: 46.6; a+: 28.1 and b+: 19.2). Red snapper bone has the potential to be used as a source of gelatin which has high encapsulation efficiency.
A re-evaluation of the Meso-Cenozoic thermo-tectonic evolution of Bogda Shan (Tian Shan, NW China) based on new basement and detrital apatite fission track thermochronology

ABSTRACT Bogda Shan is a mountain belt located at the eastern extremity of the Chinese Tianshan and records a complex and debated exhumation history. Previous studies have reported a young Cenozoic thermal history for the exhumation of Bogda Shan, which is in conflict with the observation of preserved Mesozoic erosion surfaces in the area. This study re-evaluates the Meso-Cenozoic thermo-tectonic evolution of Bogda Shan using apatite fission track (AFT) thermochronology. Palaeozoic basement (meta-sandstone) samples collected from the northern and southwestern flanks of the mountain ranges reveal apparent Mesozoic AFT ages ranging from ~202 Ma to ~97 Ma. Inverse thermal history modelling results reveal slow to moderate basement cooling during the early Mesozoic, corresponding to relatively low levels of exhumation. This accounts for the preservation of low-relief Mesozoic peneplanation surfaces recognized at elevations of ~3500–4000 m. None of the presented AFT data and thermal history models show any evidence for significant deep Cenozoic exhumation. In the neighbouring Junggar Basin, a Middle Jurassic sandstone sample records partial resetting of the AFT system during the Cretaceous. This observation conflicts with previous data (from the same Jurassic strata) where complete resetting of the AFT clock during the Cenozoic was suggested. Furthermore, Lower Cretaceous and Palaeogene sediments from the Turpan-Hami Basin show non-reset detrital AFT age populations of ~197, ~135, and ~104 Ma, which are coincident with the main pulses of exhumation recorded in the Chinese North Tianshan. Based on a comprehensive summary of the published data, we argue for a Mesozoic building of the Bogda–Balikun–Harlik mountain chain in the eastern Chinese Tianshan. Subsequent Cenozoic exhumation must have been relatively modest at most (<2 km) as it was not recorded by AFT thermochronology. Graphical abstract
Survei Aktivitas Jasmani pada Waktu Pembelajaran Tatap Muka Terbatas di SMA Budi Utomo Jombang Tahun Ajaran 2021/2022

Perencanaan pendidikan jasmani dilakukan secara seksama untuk memenuhi perkembangan, pertumbuhan, dan kebutuhan perilaku setiap anak. Salah satu dalam pendidikan di sekolah adalah pendidikan jasmani yang mempunyai arti, proses pembelajaran yang melalui aktivitas jasmani yang didesain untuk meningkatkan kebugaran jasmani, mengembangkan keterampilan motorik, pengetahuan dalam perilaku hidup sehat, dan aktif, sikap sportif, dan kecerdasan emosional. Sebab itu pemerintah mulai mengatur strategi agar pembelajaran dapat dilaksanakan secara tatap muka. sehingga muncullah kebijakan baru tentang (PTMT) pelaksanaan pembelajaran tatap muka terbatas dengan ketentuan-ketentuan yang berlaku seperti halnya tenaga kependidikan telah melakukan vaksinasi, pembelajaran dilakukan dengan membatasi jam pertemuan, serta penerapan protokol Kesehatan yang ketat. Untuk tetap menjaga diri dan tetap terhindar dari Covid-19, maka tetap melakukan aktivitas fisik sebagai gerakan tubuh yang dihasilkan oleh otot rangka yang memerlukan pengeluaran energi. Aktivitas fisik diartikan sebagai setiap bentuk gerakan tubuh yang dihasilkan oleh otot-otot skeletal dan menghasilkan pengeluaran energi yang bermakna serta dibagi dalam kelompok ringan, sedang, dan berat. Setiap aktivitas yang dilakukan membutuhkan energi yang berbeda tergantung lama intensitas dan kerja otot. Aktivitas fisik melibatkan beberapa bentuk pengerahan tenaga fisik dan gerakan sukarela yang membakar kalori dan menyebabkan tubuh seseorang bekerja lebih keras dari biasanya.Aktivitas fisik adalah segala kegiatan atau aktivitas yang menyebabkan peningkatan energi oleh tubuh melampaui energi istirahat. Berdasarkan uraian diatas, penulis melakukan penelitian dengan judul “Survei Aktivitas Fisik Pada Masa PTM Terbatas Di SMA Budi Utomo Jombang Tahun Pelajaran 2021/2022”
Target Classification of Canonical Scatterers Using Classical Estimation and Dictionary Based Techniques

Abstract : This research effort will utilize a hierarchical dictionary-based approach for canonical shape classification within measured synthetic aperture radar (SAR) phase history data. This primary goal of this research is to develop an efficient framework for dictionary based SAR feature extraction using modi ed 3-D radar scattering models. Previous work in this area relies on maximum likelihood (ML) estimation and similar approaches to extract shapes using 2-D signal models. We include characterizations of shape model redundancies caused by similar shape scattering responses. Simulated SAR collection methods, including frequency, elevation aspect, and polarization diversities, are modeled to show reductions in inter-atom correlation. A molecule method is used to combine highly correlated atoms to support a basis pursuit (BP) method of feature identifcation. Finally, a Bayesian approach is used to determine a maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimate for each atom, leading to feature classi cation and parameter identifcation.
Hierarchical Dynamic Bayesian Network-Based Fatigue Crack Propagation Modeling Considering Initial Defects

Orthotropic steel decks (OSDs) are inevitably subjected to fatigue damage caused by cycled vehicle loads in long-span bridges. This study establishes a probabilistic analysis framework integrating the dynamic Bayesian network (DBN) and fracture mechanics to model the fatigue crack propagation considering mutual correlations among multiple fatigue details. Both the observations of fatigue crack length from field inspection and monitoring data of vehicle loads from the weight-in-motion (WIM) system are utilized. First, fracture mechanics-based uncertainty analysis is performed to determine the multiple uncertainty sources in the Paris crack propagation model, material property, and observation data of crack length. The uncertainty of monitoring data of vehicle loads is ignored because of its high accuracy; consequently, the vehicle-load-related uncertainty is spontaneously ignored, which is also demonstrated to be very small on the investigated actual bridges. Second, a hierarchical DBN model is introduced to construct mutual dependencies among various uncertainties and intra-correlations in the propagation process of multiple fatigue cracks at different components. Third, a stochastic traffic model is established based on the WIM monitoring data and multi-scale finite element analysis via substructure techniques to determine the probability distribution of vehicle-load-related parameters. After variable discretization, a refined exact inference algorithm in a forward–backward–forward manner is adopted to estimate the posterior distribution of equivalent initial crack length and update the established DBN model. Finally, the proposed method is demonstrated by a numerical case study and a typical application on an actual cable-stayed bridge with steel box girders using OSDs in China. The results show that the probability distribution of equivalent initial crack size can be spontaneously derived with a larger mean value than the results of conventional empirical analysis. Furthermore, the component-level fatigue reliability is tracked and predicted based on the established crack propagation model.