Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The process of detrital sediment accumulation in a continental shelf environment: An examination of the Washington shelf

No formal abstract is given. A summary states, "Charles Nittrouer has combined a variety of sedimentological, geochemical, and geophysical techniques to carry out a comprehensive investigation of sediment accumulation in a continental shelf environment. His study area included the Washington and northern Oregon continental shelves, and his investigation involved: extensive box coring of the seabed with subsequent analysis for Pb-210 geochronology, sediment texture and mineralogy, microstratigraphy, and benthic biology; and high resolution seismic reflection profiling for examination of Holocene stratigraphy. "The distinctive achievements of this dissertation include aspects of both the methods and the results. A budget for sediment accumulation during the past century is established, and evaluated over Holocene time scales. The results of this work significantly improve our understanding of regional sedimentation in the continental shelf environment. The use of independent methodology allows verification of the sedimentological significance of Pb-210 geochronology as a tool for quantitatively determining sediment accumulation rates. This research also lays the groundwork for future investigations of the physical and biological processes that are associated with sediment accumulation and responsible for the preserved stratigraphic record. The concepts developed in this dissertation can be applied to many continental shelf environments, and it is anticipated that they will provide a focal point for future studies by other scientists. "
Asymptotic cumulants of the minimum phi-divergence estimator for categorical data under possible model misspecification

Abstract The asymptotic cumulants of the minimum phi-divergence estimators of the parameters in a model for categorical data are obtained up to the fourth order with the higher-order asymptotic variance under possible model misspecification. The corresponding asymptotic cumulants up to the third order for the studentized minimum phi-divergence estimator are also derived. These asymptotic cumulants, when a model is misspecified, depend on the form of the phi-divergence. Numerical illustrations with simulations are given for typical cases of the phi-divergence, where the maximum likelihood estimator does not necessarily give best results. Real data examples are shown using log-linear models for contingency tables.
Establishment of a security system based on Arduino

Security issues emerge as essential issues in ensuring the safety of people's lives and valuables. There is no security guarantee since the mechanical lock can be opened by an intruder forcibly. At present, with the development of science and technology, more secure and intelligent security systems are emerging using digital encryption technology, RFID technology, biometrics technology, and wireless communication technology. The password-based security system [1] is a system programmed to operate only when a predefined password is correctly input. Figure 1 shows the password-based security system password-based security system. Article Info Abstract:
REVIEW ARTICLE ON HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY (HPLC) METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION

Chromatographers face the need to develop a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method everyday. In this review systematic procedures for developing an HPLC method, based on the best information available. HPLC method development involves sample pre-treatment, choosing separation conditions, detection of sample bands, quantitation, and method validation. HPLC is an analytical tool which is able to detect, separate and quantify the drug, its various impurities and drug related degrades that can form on synthesis or storage. Validation of HPLC method gives information regarding various stages like Accuracy, specificity, linearity limit of detection, limit of quantification.
Deep Facial Diagnosis: Deep Transfer Learning from Face Recognition to Facial Diagnosis

One of the most crucial uses for facial analysis is facial diagnosis. Practitioners of traditional medicine have used their expertise to assess a person's health state for tens of thousands of years. Since then, a lot has changed, and this long-standing tradition has been supplanted by computerised face diagnosis. The proposed method of utilizing deep transfer learning from face recognition for face illness diagnosis with computer assistance is an interesting approach that can potentially provide a low-cost and non-invasive way for disease screening and detection. The objective of this research endeavor is to investigate whether techniques based on deep learning may be employed to detect malignancies through uncontrolled 2D face images. By leveraging the pre-trained face recognition models, the system can effectively learn relevant features from the face images and use them to diagnose different diseases. The proposed system will be using data augmentation to handle the imbalance of data in the system and reduce over-fitting. By artificially generating new data from the existing dataset, the system can increase the amount of data and diversity of the samples, leading to better generalization and improved accuracies
Compact tri-band Wilkinson power divider based on metamaterial structure for Bluetooth, WiMAX, and WLAN applications

ABSTRACT A novel Wilkinson power divider is presented in this paper for triple band operation. It comprises a Π-shaped transmission-line coupled to a rectangular split ring resonator metamaterial structure. The μ-negative feature of the rectangular split ring resonator metamaterial structure is investigated by retrieving its constitutive parameters from the S-parameter response. To demonstrate the versatility of the proposed Wilkinson power divider it was designed to cover Bluetooth (2.4 GHz), WiMAX (3.5 GHz), and WLAN (5.2 GHz). The tri-band Wilkinson power divider was fabricated and its performance measured to verify the design. Good agreement between the measured and simulated data is obtained. Measured results show that the tri-band Wilkinson power divider has fractional bandwidth of 3.86%, 5.82%, and 3.89% at 2.4, 3.5, and 5.2 GHz, respectively. In addition, the rectangular split ring resonator metamaterial Wilkinson power divider has a small physical footprint (14 × 17.9 mm2 or 0.15λg × 0.19λg), which is 60% smaller than conventional designs.
Are Smarter Groups More Cooperative ? Evidence from Prisoner ’ s Dilemma Experiments , 1959-2003

Are more intelligent groups better at cooperating? A meta-study of repeated prisoner’s dilemma experiments run at numerous universities suggests that students cooperate 5% to 8% more often for every 100 point increase in the school’s average SAT score. This result survives a variety of robustness tests. Axelrod (1984) recommends that the way to create cooperation is to encourage players to be patient and perceptive; experimental evidence suggests that more intelligent groups implicitly follow this advice.
Ecogeomorphic expressions of an aspect‐controlled semiarid basin: I. Topographic analyses with high‐resolution data sets

Understanding vegetation effects on hydrogeomorphic processes requires detailed studies at the catchment scale using high‐resolution topographic data. We perform topographic analyses in a semiarid basin in central New Mexico with opposing north and south facing slopes. Utilizing a set of terrain metrics, we explore the impact of topographic resolution and quality from three digital elevation models (DEMs): (1) Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (10 m); (2) differential Global Positioning System (4 m); and (3) Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR, 1 m). The sequentially improved terrain data sets progressively reveal topographic and geomorphic differences in north and facing hillslopes associated with vegetation contrasts. For example, we found less frequent fluvial erosion in the more mesic, north facing slope with a juniper‐grass ecosystem as compared with a more xeric, south facing slope with a desert shrubland. Furthermore, the high‐resolution LiDAR data also revealed weakly steeper south facing slopes, contradicting previous work with coarser topographic products. A sensitivity analysis revealed that hillslope diffusion occurs in north facing ecosystems because of relatively higher slope, whereas fluvial erosion in the south facing ecosystem is a result of large contributing areas. The use of LiDAR data also discriminates statistically between different sediment transport regimes in the north and south facing slopes because of different dominant factors. Improvements in the definition of ecogeomorphic properties from LiDAR point to the need for high‐resolution DEMs for assessing vegetation–hydrogeomorphic interactions at the catchment and hillslope scales. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The industrial exporter-distributor trade relationship - A portrayal of the development path derived from diverging agendas

Marketing activities through the use of distributors is a common means for exporters to reach markets. However, research is limited concerning; 1) development of the exporter-distributor relationship, 2) implications of multiple partners on the actors within the dyadic relationship, 3) a distributor perspective of the relationship and 4) the deterioration of the relationship. This study portrays the development between exporters and distributors and accounts for developments in terms of offering to market among the dual partners and how these can negatively affect existing relationships. The purpose of the study results in questioning; How do strategic actions that affect market offerings contribute to the deterioration of industrial exporter-distributor trade relationships? A review of exporter-distributor literature, transaction cost theory, strategic alliance literature and business network theory has been performed. The latter three theoretical perspectives have been chosen as they portray diverging perspectives on inter-organizational interaction and partly add to an increased understanding of deterioration, although the theoretical perspectives on an overall basis do not emphasize inter-organizational deterioration. A multiple case study was conducted including an exporting firm and four of its distributors in the Middle East. Comparisons are made regarding the exporter‘s and the distributors‘ strategic trajectories in terms of the relational developments between the exporters and distributors and their offerings to market. Thereafter an alternate analysis approach is portrayed, emphasizing different features of the relationship together with the related theory, leading to the concluding remarks where the findings in the analysis are amalgamated to enhance understanding of exporter-distributor relationship deterioration. The main contribution of the study is that it increases the understanding for why the exporterdistributor relationship can deteriorate as a consequence of changes to market offering that acts as a distortion to the context when the partners engaged in a relationship. The study also portrays a dyadic view on the relationship, enhancing understanding to the limited insights of exporterdistributor relationships portrayed from a distributor perspective.
Interest rate demands and television viewing – Is a single exposure more influential than routine viewing?

This study examined the impact of media consumption, and particularly exposure to television, on decisions regarding interest rate demands. One hundred and fifty four participants were randomly divided into two groups: in the manipulation group, participants were exposed to a news clip about an Iranian nuclear attack on Israel, whereas in the control group, the participants were not exposed to the film. Both groups filled a questionnaires regarding their interest rate requirements in different situations, their media conception behaviors and demographic questionnaires. Frequent routine viewing increased the interest rate demands only among participants in the manipulation group, but the manipulation itself did not have a significant effect on interest rate demands. The results are explained in terms of cultivation theory.
Developmental Screening of Children Diagnosed with Congenital Heart Defects

Children with congenital heart disease (CHD) are more likely than normal children to have developmental delays. The development of 64 children with CHD less than 6 years old was screened with the Denver II. Thirty-five of the 64 children had CHD that required surgical or catheter intervention. These 35 children were significantly less likely than other children with CHD to be normal on developmental screening (46% vs 86%, respectively). Thirty-four percent of children with more severe CHD were referred for early intervention. As research shows the efficacy of early intervention, results indicate the need for early developmental evaluation of children with CHD of hemodynamic significance.
A Service Composition Approach Based on Pre-joined Service Network in Graph Database

—We solve the service composition problem with plug-in semantic matching in a graph database. We present a Pre-joined Service Network (PJSN) approach which ﬁrstly constructs and stores a service composition network with all services and compositions in a graph database. Then, this approach fetches a satisfying solution by converting the composition request into Cypher and querying the graph database. We evaluate the performance of the proposed PJSN approach by conducting experiments and comparing with that of the Pre-joined Semantic Indexing Graph (PJSIG) method. The experiment results show that compared with the PJSIG method, the proposed approach can always ﬁnd a solution and lead to higher user’s satisfaction.
The Darwinian Core of Evolutionary Theory and the Extended Evolutionary Synthesis: Similarities and Differences

In this paper, we evaluate debates surrounding calls for an Extended Evolutionary Synthesis in light of the Darwinian core of evolutionary theory, which was somewhat broader than the Modern Synthesis. We suggest that Darwin’s nuanced operationalization of natural selection rested upon two innovations: the atomization of individuals into trait-variants, and a reconceptualization of heredity in terms of transmission of trait-variants. Darwin also implicitly differentiated between the causes and consequences of selection, noting that while selection acts on individuals, it is actually trait-variants that are consequently differentially transmitted, and the species that is eventually modified. This is important because the individual, with inherencies and agency, is largely relevant only when examining the causes of selection, with trait-variants being the more appropriate unit for studying its consequences. Consequently, we emphasize the importance of restricting the use of ‘fitness’ to one-step change in trait-variant frequency, instead of also using it for lifetime reproductive success of individuals, or even trait-variants. Fitness, thus defined, is always inclusive, circumventing much unnecessary debate. We also present a schematization of explananda in evolutionary biology, and suggest a framework for the comparative evaluation of factors affecting evolutionary change. We further suggest that the controversial ‘gene’s eye view of evolution’ is best seen as not one, but two distinct views, one Fisherian and the other Dawkinsian, and that conflating them has led to considerable unnecessary debate. In conclusion, we suggest that it is helpful to view received evolutionary thought as an evolving set of explanations, intertwined with one another to varying degrees, rather than a distinct, static Modern Synthesis. This leads to our viewing various processes and factors affecting the origin, dynamics and patterns of prevalence of variants at various levels of biological organization, as representing differing but complementary parts of a complex, nuanced, multifarious and evolving standard evolutionary theory.
) . Real-time tourists counting and tracking system for management of nature trails in naturtejo global geopark (Portugal).Romanian Review Precision Mechanics

This paper presents a counting system project for the Naturtejo Global Geopark, which is structured in two phases. The objective of the first phase was to develop, install and test an electronic system able to remotely count the number of visitors on the Naturtejo Geopark walking routes and touristic sites. The data is reported through a web interface. A Pilot test is currently installed on Trail PR3 – “Fossil’s Route”, near the village of Penha Garcia. Since May 2015, more than 6000 tourists where monitored. The second phase of the project aims to track tourists based on the detection of Wi-Fi signals generated by their smartphones. Thanks to data mining algorithms, useful insights can be extracted that helps to understand the behaviour of tourists when they travel around the large territory of the Geopark.
Non-orthogonal elastoplastic model for sand with dilatancy

: A non-orthogonal elastoplastic constitutive model for the sand with dilatancy is presented 4 in the characteristic stress space. Dilatancy of sand is represented by the direction of plastic flow, which 5 can be directly determined by applying the non-orthogonal plastic flow rule to an improved elliptic yield 6 function. A new hardening parameter is developed to describe the contractive and dilative volume change 7 during the shear process, which is coordinated with the non-orthogonal plastic flow direction. The 8 combination of the non-orthogonal plastic flow rule and the proposed hardening parameter renders the 9 proposed model with the ability to reasonably describe the stress-strain relationship of sand with 10 dilatancy. The model performance is evaluated by comparing with the experimental data of sand under 11 triaxial conditions. 12
SELECCIONES MATEM ´ATICAS

We simulated the dynamics of CO 2 transport in the alveolar sacs of the human lung. Using Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) framework, we control the movement domain for a normal and fast maneuver. The ﬂuid of room air inspired and CO 2 concentrations were approximated by Navier-Stokes and convection diffusion equations; the stress-stretch in the wall for different volumes were quantiﬁed in equal time of respiration. The expansion for a normal and forced maneuver were represented as 9 and 90 % to the initial geometry. The difference of the CO 2 was 73x10 − 3 ml between a normal and forced maneuver; the stress in the wall changed following the sinusoidal pattern as a ﬂow in the normal inspiration. In conclusion, the amount of CO 2 in the alveolar sacs, depends upon the number of capillaries in the wall and it is not affected by the expiratory fast maneuver.
Teaching and Learning in Communication Sciences Teaching and Learning in Communication Sciences & Disorders & Disorders

Abstract Accurate pronunciation of anatomical terms in the clinical practice of speech-language pathology (SLP) and audiology (AUD) enables a clinician to express and comprehend a conversation with peers and other professionals. It is also an important component of ensuring patient safety and in providing quality, patient-centered care. To date, no studies have explored whether differences may exist between the pronunciation skills of students who elect to complete a human anatomy and physiology course online versus in a face-to-face (FTF) format. This pilot study explored the ability of 98 undergraduate student participants to correctly pronounce 20 identical key terms that were a part of the course Anatomy and Physiology of the Speech and Hearing Mechanism. Students were enrolled in either an online or a FTF format of this course. Student participants were also asked to self-rate their perceived ability to pronounce these terms correctly using a Likert-type rating scale. The results indicated that students enrolled in the FTF format produced a significantly greater percentage of correct terms and rated their pronunciation ability significantly higher compared to those enrolled online. Performance of both groups was positively correlated to the self-ratings of pronunciation accuracy. These results suggest that an Internet-based, multimedia teaching method that incorporates tools for improving the pronunciation skills of students who complete a human anatomy and physiology course is warranted.
Parental illness intrusiveness and youth glycaemic control in type 1 diabetes

Objective. This study examined associations between the functioning of youth with type 1 diabetes and their parents, including parenting dimensions as intervening mechanisms. The study adds to the existing literature by focusing on (1) the concept of parental illness intrusiveness; (2) the (understudied) periods of adolescence and emerging adulthood; and (3) maternal and paternal functioning. Design . Questionnaires were completed by 317 patient-mother dyads and 277 patient-father dyads. All patients (aged 14-25) had type 1 diabetes. The hypothesized model was compared to an alternative model using structural equation modelling. Main Outcome Measures. Youth reported on depressive symptoms and treatment adherence; Physicians provided HbA 1c -values. Parents reported on illness intrusiveness, depressive symptoms, and their child’s treatment adherence. Patients and parents reported on psychological control and overprotection. Results. The hypothesized path model had a good fit to the data. Parental illness intrusiveness was positively associated with depressive symptoms and both were positively related to overprotection and psychological control. Psychological control was positively related to patients’ depressive symptoms and negatively to treatment adherence. Poorer treatment adherence was associated with worse HbA 1c -values. Conclusion. These findings underscore the relevance of parental illness intrusiveness and emphasize the importance of mothers’ and fathers’ roles throughout adolescence and emerging adulthood.
The evolution of planetary nebulae I. A radiation-hydrodynamics parameter study

We follow hydrodynamically the evolution of spherical model planetary nebulae subject to different initial conditions and with various central stars, investigating how combinations of central-star mass and asymptotic giant branch mass-loss rate determine the shape and kinematics of a planetary nebula. With this approach we aim at constituting a framework useful for the interpretation of the evolutionary status and previous mass-loss history of observed individual nebulae, making use of their kinematical properties and surface brightness characteristics. In particular, the models are compared with the observed morphologies and kinematics of double shell nebulae. The dynamical structure of all the models is characterized by a more or less complicated shock wave pattern set up by ionization and wind interaction whose combined action results in general in a typical double-shell structure. We have found that models with simple initial structures based on a constant AGB mass-loss rate fail to comply with observed shell morphologies and surface-brightness distributions. A reasonable agreement with the observations is only found for a model where the mass-loss rate is strongly increasing towards the end of the asymptotic giant-branch evolution. Depending on the central star's evolutionary speed and the density of the cool wind expelled along the asymptotic giant-branch, planetary nebulae may never get optically thin. This is primarily the case for the more massive central stars, and this fact offers a rather natural explanation for the long standing problem of the very existence of molecular hydrogen in the immediate vicinity of hot central stars. We also show that distances to planetary nebulae based on expansion parallaxes are systematically too small by a significant amount.