Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Menopause Hormone Therapy in the Management of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis

Abstract This narrative review analyzes the customization of menopause hormone therapy (MHT) for osteoporosis prevention and treatment in the context of the patients' age and menopausal age. In short, MHT is indicated in most women suffering from menopause before the age of 45 years except for breast cancer survivors. These women should be treated with MHT until the age of 50 years. For women who have entered menopause at around the age of 50 years, risks associated with MHT are low, and MHT is a safe option, provided there is an indication for it. We suggest that pursuing MHT entails different risks than initiating it, after the age of 60 years. In both cases, advantages and risks should be evaluated. We suggest using risk calculators to assess the magnitude of these risks and choosing regimens that entail the lowest breast and thrombosis risks.
(Poster) LPEES: Lightweight Policy Enforcement and Evaluation for SDN-based Multi-Domain Communication

—While Software-defined networking (SDN) is widely used for intra-domain network communication, the inter-domain communication implementation relies on traditional routing approaches such as BGP-based routers. The role of the BGP router is to perform control and data planes functionality. This approach, however, prevents the administrator from exploiting the SDN benefits as the BGP routing table lookup and data packets forwarding can significantly degrade the data plane performance. This paper emphasizes the benefits of adopting fully SDN-based data plane packet switching by introducing LPEES, a lightweight policy framework for SDN-based inter-domain communication. LPEES limits the functionality of BGP only in the control plane. Also, the goal of LPEES is to manage global policies that traverses multiple domains like in the Wide-Area Networks (WAN). Our analysis shows that utilizing SDN-based systems for global networking prevents exploiting security vulnerabilities due to security policy conflicts that arises from integrating traditional networks with SDN-based networks.
LDPC CODED MULTIUSER MC-CDMA PERFORMANCE OVERMULTIPATH RAYLEIGH FADING CHANNEL

This work presents the simulation of a Low density Parity Check (LDPC) coding scheme withmultiuserMulti-Carrier Code Division Multiple Access (MC-CDMA) system over Additive WhiteGaussian Noise (AWGN) channel and multipath fading channels. The decoding technique used inthe simulation was iterative decoding since it gives maximum efficiency with ten iterations.Modulation schemes that used are Phase Shift Keying (BPSK, QPSK and 16 PSK), along with theOrthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). A 12 pilot carrier were used in the estimatorto compensate channel effect. The channel model used is Long Term Evolution (LTE) channel withTechnical Specification TS 25.101v2. 10 and 5 MHz bandwidth including the channels of indoorto outdoor/ pedestrian channel and Vehicular channel
Soft sensor of iron tailings grade based on froth image features for reverse flotation

In the iron reverse flotation production process, the amount of flotation agent and the quality of flotation products are usually judged according to the grade of tailings, so it is essential to measure the grade of tailings froth. This research applies computer vision and image feature extraction technology to the soft sensor of tailings froth grade. An adaptive selection method for the image target region is proposed. The relationship between RGB (Red, Green, Blue), HSI (Hue, Saturation, Intensity), and Lab color space and tailings grade of reverse flotation in iron mine has been analyzed. A new image feature is proposed to characterize the degree of froth mineralization. The RGB and HSI dual color space feature values and froth mineralization degree values are determined as input, and the tailing grade soft sensor model is established by the multilayer feedforward perceptrons and VGG-19 neural network. A tailings grade soft sensor system has been developed and applied in a flotation workshop. The results of industrial tests show that this method is efficient and reliable.
‘I Am on a Family Planning Program, but I Have Not Told My Husband’: Contraceptive Decision-Making of Child Brides in Ghana

This study explores the factors that influence child bride’s decision making, either independently or jointly on modern contraceptive use in Ghana. The findings of this study are based on qualitative data collected through in-depth interviews with 15 child brides aged 15–24 years from four administrative regions in Ghana. It was observed that knowing about contraceptives, quality of the knowledge, attitude and sociocultural influences affected child brides’ decision to use contraception. Thus, autonomy in decision making requires first, making the decision to access contraceptives and secondly, whether the decision can be implemented alone or with permission or in consultation with their spouses. It can be concluded from this study that child brides are not always as vulnerable and unable to exercise agency as is sometimes suggested because they sometimes used contraceptives without informing their partners although there is the possibility of a negative backlash from their partners when it is known.
Expert Opinion on the Use of Novel Oral Anticoagulants for Stroke Prevention in Non-valvular Atrial Fibrillation for the Primary Care Setting in India: A Literature Review

Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most prevalent cardiac arrhythmia encountered in clinical practice, is linked with substantial morbidity and mortality due to accompanying risk of stroke and thromboembolism. Patients with AF are at a five-fold higher risk of suffering from a stroke. Anticoagulation therapy, with either vitamin K antagonists or novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs), is a standard approach to reduce the risk. Consultant physicians (CPs) in India are the primary point of contact for the majority of patients before they approach a specialist. The CPs may face challenges in screening and diagnosing AF patients. The apprehensions associated with managing AF patients with anticoagulants, further add to the challenges of a CP. This review aimed to identify the key decision points for the CPs to diagnose AF and initiate anticoagulation in patients with non-valvular AF (NVAF) and bring to the table a simplified recommendation supported by expert opinion and guidelines for stroke prevention in NVAF patients.
Supporting trust in globally distributed software teams: the impact of visualized collaborative traces on perceived trustworthiness

Trust plays an important role in collaborations because it creates an environment in which people can openly exchange ideas and information with one another and engineer innovative solutions together with less perceived risk. The rise in globally distributed software development has created an environment in which workers are likely to have less information and lower quality information about their remote colleagues. As such, the likelihood of coordination breakdowns increases. Observers of a breakdown are more likely to erroneously attribute the cause to personal characteristics (dispositional attributions) of the persons involved, rather than characteristics of the situation (situational attributions). Data collected from globally distributed software teams show that such breakdowns can negatively impact trust between the parties involved, as well as the perceived quality of the collaboration. At the same time, software engineering research has resulted in a rich set of tools for globally distributed software developers. These tools support the smooth flow of work across remote sites by visualizing data extracted from projects. They help developers understand changes made to the system, identify experts, determine the availability of their colleagues, and track the activities of developers on whose code they depend. Synthesizing literature on trust, tools that support awareness of development activities, and visualization, this dissertation asks whether a tool can usefully support the development of trust in globally distributed teams. It presents the design of a tool called Theseus and two evaluations that assess Theseus' usefulness. In the first evaluation, Theseus' interface was analyzed using three usability inspection methods. In the second, Theseus was assessed in a laboratory experiment with 28 graduate students and 12 professional software developers. The results show Theseus is highly usable and that it has a significant effect on distributed developers' perceived trustworthiness toward others. Participants quickly became immersed in the information the tool provides. In situational conditions, Theseus resulted in higher perceived trustworthiness and more situational attributions than dispositional ones. These results support the thesis statement of this dissertation and open up interesting areas for future research, especially understanding how collaboration tools can potentially shape distributed software developers' sense of trust toward one another.
Formulation and Implementation of the VPJC Material Model in EUROPLEXUS

A constitutive model of elastic-thermoviscoplasticity and ductile failure is implemented in EUROPLEXUS (EPX) using a fully vectorized version of the forward Euler integration algorithm and a special case of the backward Euler algorithm. The material model is based on the constitutive model originally proposed by Johnson and Cook, and the ductile failure criterion proposed by Cockcroft and Latham. Constitutive equations are formulated in terms of linear elasticity, von Mises yield criterion, associated flow rule, nonlinear isotropic strain hardening, strain-rate hardening, temperature softening due to adiabatic heating, and ductile failure. The performance of the implementation is verified and validated in EPX. First, a verification is performed using single element simulations in uniaxial tension and simple shear. Then, the model is validated against experimental data from quasi-static tension tests and airblast experiments. The model is applicable for one-, twoand three-dimensional stress analysis, and coupled with element deletion options available in EPX.
Junction Temperature Online Extraction Method for Power MOSFET by Current Fall Time

Temperature-sensitive electrical parameter (TSEP) approaches are widely used in junction temperature (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${T}_{j}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) prediction of insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT). Due to different physical characteristics, TSEPs in IGBT may not suitable for power MOSFET. In this article, a novel junction temperature extraction for power MOSFET based on current fall time (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${t}_{fi}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) during turn-off process is proposed. The voltage rise time (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${t}_{rv}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${t}_{fi}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> during turn-off process as power MOSFET’s TSEPs are evaluated, and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${t}_{rv}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is often used for junction temperature prediction of IGBT. In addition, a method of using parasitic inductance induced voltage in the circuit to extract <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${t}_{fi}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is proposed, and the feasibility of this method has been analyzed. Then, the boost experimental platform is established, and three different types of power MOSFETs were tested. It is established that the model based on <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${t}_{fi}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is a viable model with good linearity and sensitivity, and through induced voltage on parasitic inductance, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${t}_{fi}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> can be well-reflected. Finally, online extraction of power MOSFET junction temperature in the boost circuit is implemented in this article.
Proximicin A-C as prospective HER2-positive and negative breast cancer drugs: Molecular docking and in silico ADME modeling

Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death among women worldwide. Proximicin A-C are bioactive chemicals produced by the marine Verrucosispora strain, which have been shown to have potent cytostatic effect against human breast cancer [MCF 7]. HER2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) is a gene that has been linked to breast cancer development. The study’s goals are to (1) forecast the intensity of binding affinity and interactions between HER2 and proximicin A-C, and (2) analyze ADME characteristics of proximicin A-C (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion). The CB-Dock web service was used to dock proximicin A-C and commonly used breast cancer medicines Neratinib (Nerlynx) and Talazoparib against HER2, and protein-ligand interaction findings were collected via the protein-ligand interaction profiler (PLP) web server. The SwissADME web server was used to investigate ADME properties of the substances. In terms of docking, proximicin A has a vina score of -8.6, proximicin B and C has a score of -10, Talazoparib has a vina score of -8.5, and Neratinib (Nerlynx) has a vina score of -10.2 on CB-Dock. This means that proximicin B and C bind to HER2 more strongly than proximicin A and Talazoparib. Furthermore, their high binding affinity is nearly equivalent to Neratinibs (Nerlynx). Talazoparib has a lower binding affinity for HER2 than proximicin A. With HER2, all three chemicals have a strong hydrogen bond and hydrophobic contact. SwissADME estimated that all three substances follow the Lipinski rule (RO5) and have a bioavailability score of 0.55. They don’t have any structural issue in medicinal chemistry (no alerts in PAINS and Brenk forecasts), and their synthetic accessibility scales range from 3 to 3.5. Only proximicin A, on the other hand, has the leadlikeness feature. All three drugs failed to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in terms of pharmacokinetics. Proximicin A has a high absorption rate in the GI tract, whereas proximicin B-C has a low absorption rate in the GI tract (GI). Similarly, proximicin A is neither a P-gp substrate nor a CYP1A2, CYP2C19, CYP2C9, CYP2D6, or CYP3A4 inhibitor. Proximicin B-C, on the other hand, are P-gp substrates, and proximicin C is an inhibitor of all provided CYP enzymes, whilst proximicin B inhibits only three. Overall, proximicin A-C could be used as a possible breast cancer therapeutic candidate. Proximicin B-C will outperform proximicin A in terms of therapeutic efficacy. Proximicin A, on the other hand, will have better ADME qualities than Proximicin B-C. This study will provide the lead information for developing a new breast cancer medication with a good pharmacological profile.
Combined Impact of Replacing Dune Sand with Glass Sand and Metal Fibers on Mortar Properties

This paper presents an experimental study on the influence of metal fibers on the mechanical behaviour of mortar with glass sand. Four mortar mixtures with glass filler and metals fibers are manufactured. The specimens were prepared with three percentages of glass sand (0%, 5%, 10%) and 1%, 2% by vol of steel fibers. The Air-Entraining Agent (A-E-A) dosages at the ratios of 0.08% of cement weight were used. The mechanical tests were carried out on the specimens such as the compressive strength, the tensile strength and the porosity. The results showed that the tensile and bending properties of all different mixtures with fibers are significantly higher compared to the reference mortars. A remarkable decrease has been observed in water, density and compressive strength of mortar with chemical admixture. Moreover, the using 1% volume fraction of steel fibers and 10% glass sand, flexural strength of mortar was completely improved.
CREATIVE DESTRUCTION OR ORGANIZATIONAL INEPTITUDE: EXPLAINING THE DECLINE IN THE US MACHINE TOOL INDUSTRY

An interesting, and perhaps exasperating, issue about industrial dynamics is the question of why previously “vibrant” industries tend to decline over time. From textiles to semiconductors and consumer electronics, analysts have wondered why the United States has lost competitiveness in these previously vital industries. The latest “casualty” is the U.S. machine tool industry, where performance has been deteriorating inexorably. This paper explores the extent to which two competing paradigms – Creative Destruction and Organizational Ineptitude – explain the decline in the U.S. machine tool industry. The paper contends that, given the incremental and non-discrete nature of technical change in the machine tool industry, creative destruction has not been a problematic phenomenon in the industry in the U.S. Firms in the industry have effectively adopted and assimilated new digital-based production technologies, leaving organizational ineptitude as a plausible explanation for the industry’s decline. Based on a sample of over 60 firms in Northwestern Pennsylvania, the paper concludes that a preponderance of firms in the industry have failed to develop the organizational and managerial capabilities for responding to competitive pressures. The study confirms the Chandlerian notion that organizational deficiencies could circumscribe the ability of a firm to compete strategically and functionally with regard to development of new products, core competencies, and innovative management styles. Contrary to conventional wisdom, the tenacious adherence to “routines” and “path dependency” in the U.S. machine tool industry may have undermined the quest by U.S. tool shops for competitive advantage.
Adaptive terminal sliding mode control of a regulated multidimensional electrospinning device for polymeric structures

This study intends to present an automatic control design for a Cartesian electrospinning system with a dual moving platforms for the collector and the syringe subsystems which are mobilized using linear actuators. The proposed device is including a set of dual robotized structures, that is also carrying a structure to create the Taylor cone that regulates the nano-fiber deposition over the supporting platform. The suggested control form considers the synchronization between the syringe tip and the collector using a cascade tracking structure. A class of distributed state-dependent terminal sliding mode control form solves the tracking problem that yields the syringe-collector pair moves in a synchronized form tracking a bidimensional design that should be reproduced with the fibers deposition made of polyvinyl acid–based polymer. This controller also considers the working space restrictions in the Cartesian electrospinning system device using state-dependent gains which are obtained using a control barrier Lyapunov function. The application of the second stability method of Lyapunov serves to both design the state-dependent gains and prove that the tracking error trajectory is ultimate bound. The proposed controller is evaluated using a cyber-physical representation of the Cartesian electrospinning system device where the proposed controller is evaluated. This evaluation considers a comparison of the control effectiveness (using the root mean square value of the tracking error) with a traditional non-adaptive state feedback and a first-order sliding mode control. This comparison shows that the proposed adaptive controller induces the smallest root mean square among the tested control forms while reducing the magnitude of the overshoot for each actuator.
Working as a team: Do legislators coordinate their geographic representation efforts in party-centred environments?

Why do legislators engage in geographic representation in party-centred electoral systems, where they face weak re-election incentives to cultivate a personal vote? Existing research offers cross-pressuring incentive structures and intrinsic localism motivations as individual-level factors to explain this puzzle. In this article, we propose an alternative argument based on the principle of collective action within party-internal structures of labour division. We argue that legislators elected in the same multi-member district and under the same party label (party delegations) share collective vote-seeking incentives to collaborate with each other in order to strike a balance between the collective benefits and individual costs of constituency-oriented activities. Results from a comparative study of written parliamentary questions in Germany and Spain support our argument. Specifically, the study suggests that individual localism attributes interact with the team composition of party delegations to shape constituency-orientated behaviour.
Effects of Maximal and Submaximal Anaerobic and Aerobic Running on Subsequent Change-of-Direction Speed Performance among Police Students

Simple Summary Change-of-direction maneuvers are frequently performed by police officers and athletes. These maneuvers are typically performed with the intention of being maximally fast. Often, an officer or an athlete will run at a certain pace before commencing a change-of-direction speed maneuver. Depending on the duration and intensity of this running activity, their performance of the change-of-direction speed maneuver may be reduced. This study determined the degree to which the preceding maximal and submaximal anaerobic and aerobic activity affect the subsequent performance of the change-of-direction speed maneuver. We found that both anaerobic and aerobic running activities decreased the speed of the subsequent performance on the Illinois Agility Test. We also found that anaerobic running at 85% and 90% had a greater impact on change-of-direction speed performance than did aerobic running at these intensities. Above 90% intensity, anaerobic and aerobic performance similarly impacted the change-of-direction speed. As such, given the requirement for tactical personnel and intermittent, multidirectional sports athletes to perform a change-of-direction speed maneuver following a period of submaximal anaerobic or aerobic activity, increasing fitness may be a means of reducing the negative impacts of preceding submaximal impacts on change-of-direction speed performance. Abstract Change-of-direction speed (CODS) directly impacts success in sports, police, and military performance. Movements requiring CODS are often preceded by aerobic or anaerobic running. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of maximal and submaximal anaerobic and aerobic running on subsequent CODS performance. A sample of 50 police students (42% female and 58% male) performed a maximal 300-yard shuttle run test (SR300y) and a 2.4-km Cooper test (CT2.4km) at maximal effort and also at 95, 90, 85, 80, and 75% of maximal effort. CODS was assessed using the Illinois Agility Test (IAT) immediately following each intensity level of each test at 12 separate testing sessions. To avoid fatigue, the period between each consecutive session was a minimum of 3 days. Paired samples t-tests were used to determine the differences between the two conditions (anaerobic lactic and aerobic) and for the IAT. A repeated measure analysis of variance with a Bonferroni post hoc test was used to analyze partial effects of different running intensities on the IAT. A significant reduction in speed was observed between the initial IATmax time and the IATmax time after performing the SR300y at intensities of 95, 90, 85, and 80% of maximal speed on this test. IAT performance was significantly slower when performed after the CT2.4km at 95 and 90% of maximal aerobic speed. The effects of the SR300y on the IAT were significantly greater than the effects of the CT2.4km. No significant differences were found by sex. Building up to 90% intensity, anaerobic running has a greater negative impact on subsequent CODS performance than does aerobic running.