Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Small scale adaptation of the seismic full waveform inversion method - Application to civil engineering applications

Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) is a very general multi‐parameters quantitative imaging method originally developed to obtain high resolution images of velocities and attenuation in the natural underground media. FWI promises interesting performances for civil engineering applications like cavity detection. Performances of the FWI method in seismic exploration are difficult to quantify because in real experimentations, the properties of the media are not known. Furthermore, characteristics of the source and coupling of receivers are not controlled. In order to quantify the performances of FWI and its adaptability to near subsurface applications, small scale physicals models are realized and a non‐contact laser ultrasonic laboratory is dedicated to simulate seismic reflection measurement configurations at ultrasonic scale. Seismograms well reproduce real scale data in terms of waveforms and repartition of energy. A FWI algorithm developed by Geosciences Azur and applied in geological investigation is used. T.
High-speed photometry of the eclipsing polar UZ Fornacis

We present 33 new mid-eclipse times spanning approximately eight years of the eclipsing polar UZ Fornacis. We have used our new observations to test the two-planet model previously proposed to explain the variations in its eclipse times measured over the past ~35 yr. We find that the proposed model does indeed follow the general trend of the new eclipse times, however, there are significant departures. In order to accommodate the new eclipse times, the two-planet model requires that one or both of the planets require highly eccentric orbits, that is, e ≥ 0.4. Such multiple planet orbits are considered to be unstable. Whilst our new observations are consistent with two cyclic variations as previously predicted, significant residuals remain. We conclude that either additional cyclic terms, possibly associated with more planets, or other mechanisms, such as the Applegate mechanism are contributing to the eclipse time variations. Further long-term monitoring is required.
The spatial relation between young star clusters and molecular clouds in M51 with LEGUS

We present a study correlating the spatial locations of young star clusters with those of molecular clouds in NGC 5194, in order to investigate the time-scale over which clusters separate from their birth clouds. The star cluster catalogues are from the Legacy ExtraGalactic UV Survey (LEGUS) and the molecular clouds from the Plateau de Bure Interefrometer Arcsecond Whirpool Survey (PAWS). We find that younger star clusters are spatially closer to molecular clouds than older star clusters. The median age for clusters associated with clouds is 4 Myr, whereas it is 50 Myr for clusters that are sufficiently separated from a molecular cloud to be considered unassociated. After similar to 6 Myr, the majority of the star clusters lose association with their molecular gas. Younger star clusters are also preferentially located in stellar spiral arms where they are hierarchically distributed in kpc-size regions for 50-100 Myr before dispersing. The youngest star clusters are more strongly clustered, yielding a two-point correlation function with alpha = -0.28 +/- 0.04, than the giant molecular cloud (GMCs) (alpha = -0.09 +/- 0.03) within the same PAWS field. However, the clustering strength of the most massive GMCs, supposedly the progenitors of the young clusters for a star formation efficiency of a few percent, is comparable (alpha = -0.35 +/- 0.05) to that of the clusters. We find a galactocentric dependence for the coherence of star formation, in which clusters located in the inner region of the galaxy reside in smaller star-forming complexes and display more homogeneous distributions than clusters further from the centre. This result suggests a correlation between the survival of a cluster complex and its environment.
Identification of vascular endothelial growth factor in preeclampsia in Iraqi women

Preeclampsia (PE) is a major obstetric syndrome and represents a pregnancy hypertensive disease affecting about 2–8% of pregnancies. Typically, it occurs after 20 weeks of pregnancy, being classified as early or late in accordance with the gestational age at diagnosis or delivery. An imbalance between angiogenic and antiangiogenic factors has an important role in the pathophysiology of PE. It was hypothesized that the dysfunctional endothelium contributes to the pathogenesis of PE. A change in the production of Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGR), a biomarker of endothelial dysfunction, is associated with this disease, whether presenting an increase, decrease, or being at a normal level. This study examined the associations between VEGF and preeclampsia and the importance of this VEGF as a predictor of its severity. This case-control study included 50 patients with preeclampsia and 50 normotensive pregnant women in the control group. Venous blood was aspirated from each patient, and VEGF levels were measured from sera. The mean VEGF for patients with mild PE was 29.410±18.976 pg/ml, for those with severe PE it was 36.188±36.98 pg/ml, and for normotensive women it was 92.104±154.715 pg/ml. There were significant differences in VEGF levels between the studied groups (P=0.024). This study showed that serum VEGF levels were significantly reduced in patients with preeclampsia compared with normotensive pregnant women, suggesting marked endothelial dysfunction. This led to widespread vasoconstriction and, in turn, caused hypertension and proteinuria.
Management of Alternariaster leaf spot and sunflower necrosis disease by using plant defense inducers

Plants are found to be infected by various microbial organisms such as fungus, virus, and bacteria which threaten their survival or reduce growth of the plants. In response to pathogen attack, plants have evolved several strategies to counteract pathogen infection. There are changes in plants physiology of plants after microbial attack results in active induced defense mechanisms. These active defense mechanisms refer as induced resistance, which occur after infection of plants by the pathogen and provide protection against subsequent attack of pathogen. Systemic acquired resistance (SAR), which is induced by inoculation of virulent or non-virulent pathogen and Salicylic acid dependent. Therefore, the present experiment was aimed at use of plant defense inducers for the management of Alternariaster leaf spot and Sunflower necrosis disease. Our results indicate that Seed treatment with salicylic acid @ 100 ppm followed by foliar spray of salicylic acid @ 100 ppm at 30 and 45 days after sowing have contributed more yield 1576 kg/ha and B:C ratio 1.54 with least Alternariaster leaf spot 20.93% and necrosis diseases 6.37% followed by Seed treatment with salicylic acid @ 50 ppm followed by foliar spray of salicylic acid @ 50 ppm at 30 and 45 days after sowing have contributed more yield 1413 kg/ha and B:C ratio 1.28 with least Alternariaster leaf spot 26.43% and necrosis diseases 11.16%. whereas highest Alternariaster leaf spot 57.19% and necrosis diseases 19.89% were recorded in control.
Fluorescent excitation of interstellar H2

The infrared emission spectrum of H2 excited by ultraviolet absorption, followed by fluorescence, was investigated using comprehensive models of interstellar clouds for computing the spectrum and to assess the effects on the intensity to various cloud properties, such as density, size, temperature, and the intensity of the UV radiation field. It is shown that the absolute H2 IR line intensities depend primarily on the density of the cloud and the strength of the incident UV radiation, and to a much lesser exent on the temperature of the gas, the total thickness of the cloud, and the optical properties of the grains. A variety of recent observational results are discussed with reference to theoretical models. It is shown that the rich H2 emission spectrum of the reflection nebula NGC 2023 can be reproduced by a model with density of about 10,000/cu cm, temperature of about 80 K, and UV flux approximately 300 times that of the Galactic background starlight.
A Dynamical Fossil in the Ursa Minor Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy

The nearby Ursa Minor dwarf spheroidal (UMi dSph) is one of the most dark matter-dominated galaxies known, with a central mass-to-light ratio M/L ~ 70. Somewhat anomalously, it appears to contain morphological substructure in the form of a second peak in the stellar number density. It is often argued that this substructure must be transient, because it could not survive for the ~12 Gyr age of the system, given the crossing time implied by UMi's 8.8 km s-1 internal velocity dispersion. In this Letter, however, we present evidence that the substructure has a cold kinematical signature and argue that UMi's clumpiness could indeed be a primordial artefact. Using numerical simulations, we demonstrate that substructure is incompatible with the cusped dark matter halos predicted by the prevailing cold dark matter (CDM) paradigm but is consistent with an unbound stellar cluster sloshing back and forth within the nearly harmonic potential of a cored dark matter halo. Thus, CDM appears to disagree with observation at the least massive, most dark matter-dominated end of the galaxy mass spectrum.
On the shrinkage of neutron irradiation-induced cavities in Eurofer97 steel upon heating

ABSTRACT By employing in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation and cluster dynamics (CD) simulations, we studied the annealing behaviours of neutron irradiation-induced cavities in reduced activation ferritic/martensitic (RAFM) steel Eurofer97 subjected to heating up to 550 °C. Experimental results showed that the cavities behaved differently from the general coarsening behaviours of cavities formed by ion implantations. Rapid shrinkage of some cavities was observed when heating temperatures exceeded 500 °C. Three types of cavity annealing behaviours were identified: (i) cavity remained stable; (ii) cavity shrank to a smaller size and then kept stable; (iii) cavity shrank and eventually disappeared. The CD simulations, which were based on the rate theory, well reproduced these experimental observations. It was revealed that the shrinkage course can be terminated by the dramatic rise of helium density (helium/vacancy ratio) inside the shrinking cavity. Cavity stopping shrinkage and being stable at high temperatures, without being annealed out, potentially suggests the modification in cavity coarsening kinetics driven by the conventional Ostwald ripening mechanism.
Modern Trends in the Automatic Generation of Content for Video Games

Attractive and realistic content has always played a crucialrole in the penetration and popularity of digital games, virtualenvironments, and other multimedia applications. Procedural contentgeneration enables the automatization of production of any type of gamecontent including not only landscapes and narratives but also gamemechanics and generation of whole games. The article offers acomparative analysis of the approaches to automatic generation ofcontent for video games proposed in last five years. It suggests a newtypology of the use of procedurally generated game content comprising ofcategories structured in three groups: content nature, generation process,and game dependence. Together with two other taxonomies – one ofcontent type and the other of methods for content generation – thistypology is used for comparing and discussing some specific approaches toprocedural content generation in three promising research directionsbased on applying personalization and adaptation, descriptive languages,and semantic specifications.
Physics of Gamma‐Ray Bursts a

Attention is given to the accumulating evidence for the view that gamma-ray bursts come from strongly magnetic neutron stars, discussing the physical properties of the emission region and the radiation processes expected in strong magnetic fields, and emphasizing that the observed burst spectra require that the emission region be optically thin. This entails that the energy of the emitting plasma and/or the plasma itself be continuously replenished during a burst, and that the cooling time scale of the emitting plasma be much shorter than the observed duration of the bursts. This characteristic of the cooling time scale implies that the burst intensity and spectrum can vary on extremely short time scales, and that the burst duration must have a separate explanation. It is emphasized that synchrotron emission is favored as the gamma-ray production mechanism it is the only mechanism capable of satisfying the optical thinness constraint while producing the observed luminosity. 93 references.
Assessment of greenhouse emissions of the green bean through the static enclosure technique.

Urban green installations are extensively promoted to increase sustainable and accessible food production and simultaneously improve the environmental performance and liveability of city buildings. In addition to the multiple benefits of plant retrofitting, these installations may lead to a consistent increase in biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) in the urban environment, especially indoors. Accordingly, health concerns could limit the implementation of building-integrated agriculture. In a building-integrated rooftop greenhouse (i-RTG), throughout the whole hydroponic cycle, green bean emissions were dynamically collected in a static enclosure. Four representative BVOCs, α-pinene (monoterpene), β-caryophyllene (sesquiterpene), linalool (oxygenated monoterpene) and cis-3-hexenol (LOX derivate), were investigated in the samples collected from two equivalent sections of a static enclosure, one empty and one occupied by the i-RTG plants, to estimate the volatile emission factor (EF). Throughout the season, extremely variable BVOC levels between 0.04 and 5.36 ppb were found with occasional but not significant (P > 0.05) variations between the two sections. The highest emission rates were observed during plant vegetative development, with EFs equivalent to 78.97, 75.85 and 51.34 ng g-1 h-1 for cis-3-hexenol, α-pinene, and linalool, respectively; at plant maturity, all volatiles were either close to the LLOQ (lowest limit of quantitation) or not detected. Consistent with previous studies significant relationships (r ≥ 0.92; P < 0.05) were individuated within volatiles and temperature and relative humidity of the sections. However, correlations were all negative and were mainly attributed to the relevant effect of the enclosure on the final sampling conditions. Overall, levels found were at least 15 folds lower than the given Risk and LCI values of the EU-LCI protocol for indoor environments, suggesting low BVOC exposure in the i-RTG. Statistical outcomes demonstrated the applicability of the static enclosure technique for fast BVOC emissions survey inside green retrofitted spaces. However, providing high sampling performance over entire BVOCs collection is recommended to reduce sampling error and incorrect estimation of the emissions.
The formation of the double pulsar PSR J0737−3039A/B

Recent timing observations of the double pulsar J0737−3039A/B have shown that its transverse velocity is extremely low, only 10 km s −1 , and nearly in the plane of the Galaxy. With this new information, we rigorously re-examine the history and formation of this system, determining estimates of the pre-supernova companion mass, supernova kick and misalignment angle between the pre- and post-supernova orbital planes. We find that the progenitor to the recently formed ‘B’ pulsar was probably less than 2 M � , lending credence to suggestions that this object may not have formed in a normal supernova involving the collapse of an iron core. At the same time, the supernova kick was likely non-zero. A comparison to the history of the double neutron star binary B1534+12 suggests a range of possible parameters for the progenitors of these systems, which should be taken into account in future binary population syntheses and in predictions of the rate and spatial distribution of short gamma-ray burst events.
RMCL: A deep learning based recursive malicious context learner in social networks

Propagation of malicious content and its promotion is a recurrent problem prominent in social networks. Detection and interactive labeling of malicious context promotion on‐the‐fly is a very challenging and difficult task due to the lack of complete knowledge about the underlying context. Modern research in this field use neural networks and text encoders to analyze the information dynamically which is inefficient, in terms of time‐space consumed in the overall process. This article proposes an online active learning system to label the data streams on‐the‐fly by sampling them in the form of tweet‐retweet‐follow (trf) sequences in social networks. A heuristically pretrained recursive malicious context learner is fixed for knowledge acquisition, data accommodation and pseudonymization in the form of a transformer in the tree structured recursive neural network. The data stream is trained using recursive bidirectional training to capture long‐term dependencies. The COVID‐19 data streams are selectively sampled on‐the‐fly using psycho linguistic words in the proposed experiment and are labeled deceptive/nondeceptive based on knowledge learned during pretraining. The proposed recursive malicious context learner successfully resolves the problem of on‐the‐fly‐interactive labeling of a dynamically changing data stream.
Predicting factors and outcomes of acute myocarditis in children – a 5-year experience in a teaching hospital from the Eastern province of Saudi Arabia

Myocarditis in children is not very common, but the state of the disease is similar to viral influenza, making it challenging for a clinician to make an early diagnosis and treatment plan. Elevated levels of inflammatory biomarkers like C-reactive protein, serum lactate, troponin, and abnormal ECG may be helpful for high-index suspicion of myocarditis. This study aimed to determine the predicting factors and outcomes of acute myocarditis in children admitted to a teaching hospital in the Eastern province of Saudi Arabia. Complete medical records of 80 pediatric patients with acute myocarditis over 5 years (from 2015 to 2019) were retrieved, including demographic characteristics, laboratory investigations including cardiac enzymes (serum lactate, CPR, and troponin), and ECG findings for the diagnosis of myocarditis based on tachycardia and bradycardia. There were 22 (27.5%) mortalities that took place during the hospital stay. Low WBC (mmol/dl) levels were associated with in-hospital mortality (p 0.001), whereas high serum lactate levels (>2 mmol) were not. Association of troponin level (0.15ng/mL) was not significantly associated with mortality (p=0.496). The area under the ROC=0.947 (95% C.I: 0.88–1.0) revealed highly significant predictive validity at the 2.3 best cutoff point, having 90.9% and 87.9% sensitivity and specificity, respectively. Clinical factors and elevated biomarkers were associated with poor prognosis and in-hospital mortality in pediatric myocarditis. Serum lactate and troponin levels demonstrated high predictive validity for early diagnosis.
The effect of endometriosis on fertility in an animal model

The present experimental model aimed to investigate the possible effect of endometriosis on ovarian function by altering follicular maturation and development. This single-blind, randomized study included twenty-four female Sprague Dawley rats, 2.5 months old, weighing 160–200 grams. The animals were randomly separated into four groups on the day of the surgery. Each group consisted of 6 rats. The first group (A) consisted of healthy female rats (control group). The second group (B) consisted of rats subjected to surgical insertion of ovarian endometrioma. The third group (C) consisted of rats subjected to surgically induced diffuse intraperitoneal endometriosis, and the fourth group (D) consisted of rats subjected to surgically induced extraperitoneal endometriosis. According to our experimental model, endometriosis may affect ovarian function by increasing the number of luteinized unruptured follicles (follicles that have undergone luteinization without prior rupture).
Serendipitous discovery of a faint dwarf galaxy near a Local Volume dwarf

A faint dwarf irregular galaxy has been discovered in the HST/ACS field of LV J1157+5638. The galaxy is resolved into individual stars, including the brightest magnitude of the red giant branch. The dwarf is very likely a physical satellite of LV J1157+5638.The distance modulus of LV J1157+5638 using the tip of the red giant branch (TRGB) distance indicator is 29.82+-0.09 mag (D = 9.22+-0.38 Mpc). The TRGB distance modulus of LV J1157+5638 sat is 29.76+-0.11 mag (D = 8.95+-0.42 Mpc). The distances to the two galaxies are consistent within the uncertainties. The projected separation between them is only 3.9 kpc. LVJ1157+5638 has a total absolute V-magnitude of -13.26+-0.10 and linear Holmberg diameter of 1.36 kpc, whereas its faint satellite LV J1157+5638 sat has M_V = -9.38+-0.13 mag and Holmberg diameter of 0.37 kpc. Such a faint dwarf was discovered for the first time beyond the nearest 4 Mpc from us. The presence of main sequence stars in both galaxies unambiguously indicates the classification of the objects as dwarf irregulars (dIrrs) with recent or ongoing star formation events in both galaxies.
Comparative Overall Comorbidity Burden Among Patients With Hidradenitis Suppurativa.

Importance The overall comorbidity burden among patients with hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) has not been systematically evaluated. Objectives To investigate the standardized overall comorbidity burden among patients with HS and to compare it with the comorbidity burden in patients with psoriasis and a control group. Design, Setting, and Participants A cross-sectional analysis was conducted of 5306 patients with HS, 14 037 patients with psoriasis, and 1 733 810 controls identified using electronic health records data from October 1, 2013, through October 1, 2018. Main Outcome and Measure The primary outcome was the mean Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) score. Results Each matched cohort had 3818 patients (2789 women and 1029 men; mean [SD] age, 45.7 [15.0]). Before matching, the overall mean (SD) CCI score was highest among the psoriasis cohort (2.33 [3.13]), followed by the HS cohort (1.80 [2.79]) and control cohort (1.26 [2.35]). In matched analyses, the overall mean (SD) CCI score was highest among the HS cohort (1.95 [2.96]), followed by the psoriasis cohort (1.47 [2.43]; P < .001) and control cohort (0.95 [1.99]; P < .001) patients. A total of 516 patients with HS (13.5%) had an overall mean CCI score of 5 or greater. Mean CCI score was highest for patients with HS across all sex, race, and age groups. The most common comorbidities among patients with HS were chronic pulmonary disease (1540 [40.3%]), diabetes with chronic complications (365 [9.6%]), diabetes without chronic complications (927 [24.3%]), and mild liver disease (455 [11.9%]). Patients with HS with a CCI score of 5 or greater had 4.97 (95% CI, 1.49-16.63) times the adjusted risk of 5-year mortality compared with patients with HS with a CCI score of zero. Conclusions and Relevance Patients with HS have a higher overall comorbidity burden compared with patients with psoriasis and a control group. A significant proportion of patients with HS have CCI scores of 5 or greater, which are associated with increased mortality. This degree of comorbidity burden may warrant multidisciplinary implementation of routine screening measures.