Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gaofen-2 satellite image-based characterization of urban villages using multiple convolutional neural networks

ABSTRACT Remote sensing has proven to be an invaluable and effective tool for mapping urban areas. However, further efforts are required to fully utilize remote sensing data in mapping the Chinese urban villages (Chengzhongcun), which are characterized by high population density, irregular shapes and a limited view of the sky. In this study, we integrated deep neural network architectures with GaoFen-2 satellite images at a spatial resolution of 1 metre to investigate the feasibility of using FCN, Unet and ResUnet models for monitoring two categories of urban villages. The results indicate that all three deep learning algorithms demonstrate superiority in identifying and classifying urban villages, surpassing outlier identification. The urban village patches in the study areas adhere to the Zipf’s law rule. Particularly, the ResUnet model outperforms FCN and Unet, achieving an overall classification accuracy of over 91% for urban villages. This study suggests that ResUnet is superior to FCN and Unet as it effectively avoids fragmentation and overfitting of individual irregular buildings within urban areas, yielding faster and more accurate results. Overall, this study underscores the significance of the Gaofen-2 dataset as an influential data source for analysing intra-urban structures. Additionally, the implementation of the ResUnet learning algorithm proves to be exceptionally valuable in extracting information across various scales and accurately capturing the intricate nature of irregular urban village patches, even when using satellite images with metre-scale resolution.
Urine Sampling Protocol Recommendations for Reliable Determination of Total Urinary Luteinizing Hormone Immunoreactivity in the Pediatric Population

This study investigates day-to-day variations in urinary luteinizing hormone (U-LH) concentrations in children, focusing on potential minimization or correction methods. 95 children and adolescents (51 boys, 44 girls, ages 5–17) provided daytime and evening urine samples for U-LH determinations over three consecutive days. No consistent day-to-day differences in U-LH levels were observed, although random variations, particularly in adolescents aged 13 or older, were noted. The net inter-assay CV% for U-LH changes over three days showed high variability, averaging 24.6% to 28.0% for boys and 21.6% to 27.3% for girls, independent of sex, collection time, or U-LH level. To reliably determine total urinary luteinizing hormone immunoreactivity in the pediatric population, it is advisable to collect multiple first-morning voided samples for at least three consecutive days as an interim solution, pending the development of a standardized protocol or correction method for varying urine composition. Strict adherence, especially for adolescents aged 13 or older, is vital.
Validación de una herramienta para medir la Competencia Digital Docente del profesorado de educación Secundaria en formación inicial

El uso de las TIC después de la pandemia ha tomado importancia. Cada vez existe más conciencia de la necesidad de fomentar la adquisición de la Competencia Digital Docente (CDD) y así mismo de su evaluación. La CDD se ha intentado medir y evaluar con diferentes técnicas e instrumentos, pero todavía no existe una herramienta específica para medirla en docentes de educación secundaria en formación inicial. En este trabajo se adapta y valida la herramienta COMDID-C para medir evaluación de futuros maestros a docentes de educación secundaria en formación inicial. En una primera fase se realizó la adaptación del instrumento al contexto de educación secundaria, con la participación de 21 expertos en la materia. En una segunda fase piloto, 667 docentes de educación secundaria en formación respondieron la prueba. Aunque el análisis de fiabilidad arrojó resultados del alfa ordinal que indican que los factores no tienen buena consistencia interna, se puede explicar debido a que el análisis se realizó a partir de pares de preguntas aleatorizadas, no pudiéndose establecer ningún otro sistema de equivalencias para su análisis. En cualquier caso, y teniendo en cuenta la consistencia interna, se puede constatar que el instrumento mantiene una estructura equiparable al instrumento predecesor. Esta herramienta permitirá conocer la CDD de los futuros docentes, al mismo tiempo permitirá reflexionar sobre el nivel, tanto de partida o salida, de la formación de estos, y a partir de estos datos diseñar y adecuar los planes de formación para una mejor adquisición de esta competencia.
Effect of Sphenopalatine Ganglion Nerve Block on Bleeding and Pain During and After Rhinoplasty and Septoplasty Surgeries: A Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial

Background: The sphenopalatine ganglion nerve block (SPGB) in endoscopic sinus surgeries has been shown to reduce postsurgery narcotic consumption. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effect of SPGB on bleeding and pain during and after rhinoplasty and septoplasty. Methods: This study was conducted as a double-blind, randomized clinical trial and included 30 patients who were scheduled for elective rhinoplasty and septoplasty. All the participants received propofol/remifentanil anesthesia and similar intraoperative care. The patients were divided into 2 groups: the SPGB group, which received 0.5% bupivacaine, and the placebo group, which received normal saline. The study compared the amount of narcotics used during and after the operation, pain levels during and after the operation (at 2, 4, 6, and 24 hours after the operation), and bleeding during the operation between the 2 groups. The surgeon's satisfaction with bleeding control was also recorded at 30, 60, and 90 minutes. Results: In the SPGB group, 86% of the participants had ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) class I, while in the placebo group, 80% had ASA class I. There was no significant difference in postoperative pain between the control and intervention groups (P > 0.05). However, the SPGB group showed a significant decrease in intraoperative pain based on the amount of narcotics received (P < 0.05). According to the Boezaart criterion, the control group had significantly higher rates of severe and moderate bleeding (P < 0.05), whereas the bupivacaine group had a lower total bleeding rate (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The administration of bupivacaine was effective in reducing pain, bleeding, and the need for narcotics during surgery. The SPGB has the potential to decrease bleeding and drug utilization, making it a preferable option for anesthesiologists aiming to minimize the use of anesthetics.
DESIGN AND SIMULATION OF DIGITALLY CONTROLLED OSCILLATOR OF ADPLL

In biomedical implants, the RF transceivers require the low power and less size components for acquiring best results in frequency and phase controlling. The RF transceivers obtain the information from either sides of sources in biomedical applications. Access the signal from human body and processed it through amplifiers, Phase Locked Loops (PLLs), mixers & filters and many more for controlling the parameters. Majorly the PPLs provide the required frequency for the entire operation to obtain this All Digital Phase Locked Loop (ADPLL) is mostly used. In ADPLL, DCO is a major block through which fine frequency resolution is achieved. The present project concentrates on designing the low power Digitally Controlled Oscillator (DCO).
Overview of the Satellite Remote Sensing of Frozen Ground:Passive Microwave Sensors

Permafrost and seasonally frozen ground regions occupy approximately 24% and 55%,respectively,of the exposed land surface in the Northern Hemisphere.The areal extent,timing,duration,and depth of the near-surface soil freeze and thaw have a significant impact on plant growth,energy,water and greehouse gas exchanges between the atmosphere and the soils in cold seasons/cold regions.Satellite remote sensing combined with ground "truth" measurements have been used to investigate seasonally frozen ground and permafrost at local to regional scales with some successes.However,the direct application of remote sensing in the frozen ground research is to us the passive microwave brightness temperature to detect the soil freeze/thaw cycle.Compared to the active SAR,the spaceborne radiometers has the ability of multi-channels observation with frequent revisiting period,but with coarser spatial resolution.As the succession of the review,this paper focuses on the algorithm development and potential application of passive microwave radiometers in detecting near surface soil freeze/thaw cycle.The three widely used algorithms include dual-index algorithm,change detection algorithm based on the time series of brightness temperature and the decision tree algorithm.All three algorithms are based on low-temperature characteristics and volume scattering darkening effect of frozen soil.These algorithms are highly promising in detecting surface soil freeze/thaw status.However,further algorithm refinement,calibration and validation are needed.
A Study on User-Experience evaluation of VR Contents using Questionnaire

As the demand and expectation of VR content increases, Various research and support are being carried out to improve the quality of content such as obstacles, fun, and immersion factors that should be considered in development. However, there is still a lack of research to evaluate VR content. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a method to evaluate user experience of VR contents using questionnaire, The content was selected and the questionnaire process was applied to 25 respondents, and the collected data was analyzed to verify its effectiveness. The proposed evaluation method is expected to contribute to the production of high - quality content by using it as content quality evaluation or data for cross - validation in related research.
Approches analytique et expérimentale de la convection naturelle en canal vertical : Application aux double-façades photovoltaïques

Dans le contexte energetique actuel, le developpement de l'energie solaire passe par son developpement a grande echelle en milieu urbain. Les solutions actives et integrees telles que les double-facades photovoltaiques permettent d'une part d'envisager une valorisation de la chaleur et d'autre part de valoriser l'enveloppe des bâtiments en tant que surface de captation. De plus, cette configuration limite la perte de rendement et l'acceleration du vieillissement liees a la surchauffe des cellules. En effet, les composants photovoltaiques sont separes du bâtiment par une lame d'air et la convection naturelle developpee dans cet espace favorise l'evacuation de la chaleur absorbee par les panneaux. Cependant, le comportement global d'une double-facade photovoltaique est tres complexe et encore mal compris. Cette these se focalise sur l'experimentation du phenomene de la convection naturelle. Un banc d'essais, developpe dans le cadre de la these de Daverat, modelise la double-facade par un canal vertical avec chauffage parietal. Le fluide d'etude est de l'eau afin de s'affranchir du rayonnement entre parois et d'etudier le couplage conduction-convection. Le banc d'essais est constitue d'un canal vertical de 65cm de haut, chauffe a une densite de flux uniforme, plonge dans une cellule de 1,5m de haut remplie d'eau. L'ecoulement est observe par des mesures de densite de flux de chaleur, de temperature parietale et de vitesse, ces dernieres etant realisees par velocimetrie par images de particules et par velocimetrie laser Doppler. Deux configurations de chauffage sont etudiees : symetrique et asymetrique. Pour l'etude de la configuration avec un chauffage symetrique, les donnees experimentales issues du travail de these de Daverat sont analysees par une approche zonale. Un decoupage du canal est propose et une analyse des ordres de grandeur permet de comprendre les observations experimentales. Ainsi, cette analyse se focalise sur le transfert thermique aux parois, l'evolution de la pression dans le canal et sur les fluctuations, en particulier, sur l'evaluation du terme croise du tenseur de Reynolds. La configuration d'un chauffage asymetrique est etudiee experimentalement pour la phase de demarrage et le regime stationnaire. Pour la phase de demarrage, la caracterisation des premieres heures a partir de la mise en chauffage de la paroi est realisee en termes de temperature parietale, de vitesse et de comportement bi-/tri-dimensionnel de l'ecoulement. Un ecoulement de retour de grande echelle est mis en evidence. L'impact de la stratification thermique externe du canal est egalement etudie. Pour le regime stationnaire, les analyses sont realisees sur des donnees pour lesquels le regime est considere etabli. Les comportements thermique et dynamique sont etudies et mettent en evidence deux etats distincts. Des ecoulements de retour sont egalement observes. Enfin, les influences du nombre de Prandtl et de l'ecartement du canal sont discutees.
Analisis Interferensi Frekuensi Radar Cuaca C-Band di Indonesia

Pada World Radio Conference 2003 (WRC-03), The International Telecomunications Union (ITU) merekomendasikan alokasi baru untuk frekuensi bebas pada spectrum, 5470 – 5725 MHz. Sebagaimana diketahui beberapa system berjalan seperti Radar cuaca, Radar Satelite dan radar militer memiliki potensi untuk terinterferensi dengan alokasi baru ini. Sehingga untuk meminimalisir potensi gangguan pada radar sistem tersebut maka ditetapkan suatu algoritma yang disebut Dynamic Frequency Selection (DFS). Badan Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika (BMKG) hingga akhir tahun 2012 mengoperasikan 27 Radar Cuaca C-Band dengan Frekuensi kisaran 5 GHz (5.6 – 5.65) Ghz. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui potensi Interferensi Frekuensi operasional Radar Cuaca C-Band di Indonesia dengan menerapkan metode Silent Mode pada radar cuaca untuk mendapatkan data sumber interferensi, pengukuran frekuensi di lingkungan operasional radar dan upaya proteksinya dengan melakukan analisis teknik terhadap spesifikasi operasional radar C-Band yang di Operasikan BMKG dengan parameter algoritma DFS sehingga dapat diketahui efektifitas kinerja DFS-ETSI dalam memproteksi Radar C-Band BMKG. Selain itu juga dilakukan diskusi dan analisis regulasi dan peraturan Perundang-undangan dalam tataran Internasional dan nasional khususnya terkait operasional Radar C-Band. Sehingga diketahui adanya kelemahan pada algoritma DFS yang ada dan disampaikan saran Perubahan serta usulan proteksi radar C-Band kepada regulator telekomunikasi di Indonesia
Going green and staying loyal: how different are generation Z travellers towards green brand loyalty of hotels

Purpose This study aims to examine the influence of collectivism, brand prestige and brand identification on green brand loyalty among Generation Z and older generation travellers in India. Loyal consumers are essential for the long-term success of hotels. Design/methodology/approach A single cross-sectional design is used in the study, with a total of 277 Generation Z and 299 Older generation travellers surveyed directly at three different tourist destinations in India. The PLS-SEM approach is used to analyse the data. Findings The study’s findings showed that among Generation Z travellers, factors such as collectivism, brand identification and brand prestige play a significant role in shaping green brand loyalty towards hotels. Furthermore, we noted that collectivism directly influences brand prestige and identification. Conversely, for the older generation, the study did not substantiate the impacts of collectivism on green brand loyalty nor the relationship between brand identification and green brand loyalty. Originality/value This study uniquely contributes to the literature by revealing generational differences in the influence of collectivism and brand factors on green brand loyalty within the Indian hotel industry.
Is the length distribution of C1 and C3 humpback whale catches consistent with an age-structured version of the resident model

A sexand age-structured BALEEN II population mode l is fitted to population abundance and trend as we ll as photo-id capture-recapture data for the C1 and C 3 humpback whale breeding sub-stocks. The model is of the “Resident” type, i.e. no interchange between br eeding grounds, though the whales do mix on the fee ding grounds. Uniform selectivity on the 1+ population i s assumed for both regions. A particular aim is to address the question of whether length distribution differe nc s between the two regions are a reflection of di fferent levels of past exploitation. Comparison with length distribution data for both regions does however in dicate a greater proportion of larger males than anticipat ed in the C3 catches, and the reverse effect for bo th males and females in the C1 catches.
3D HIGHWAY CURVE RECONSTRUCTION FROM MOBILE LASER SCANNING POINT CLOUDS THROUGH DEEP REINFORCEMENT LEARNING

Abstract. Reconstructing the geometric curves of highways holds significant value for various tasks, such as highway design, traffic simulation, and road network planning. An essential step in highway curve reconstruction is fitting highway curve models to the extracted road markings from laser scanning point clouds. Existing methods for highway curve fitting typically handle one curve at a time. However, a stretch of highway often contains multiple curves. In this paper, we introduce a novel method capable of fitting multiple highway curves simultaneously. The method leverages a reinforcement learning (RL) algorithm to achieve this goal. Specifically, we design a unique RL environment that empowers the RL algorithm to fit multiple highway curves. Our experimental results demonstrate the superiority of our method over other methods.
High-Resolution Structure and Internal Mobility of a Plant 40S Ribosomal Subunit

Ribosome is a major part of the protein synthesis machinery, and analysis of its structure is of paramount importance. However, the structure of ribosomes from only a limited number of organisms has been resolved to date; it especially concerns plant ribosomes and ribosomal subunits. Here, we report a high-resolution cryo-electron microscopy reconstruction of the small subunit of the Triticum aestivum (common wheat) cytoplasmic ribosome. A detailed atomic model was built that includes the majority of the rRNA and some of the protein modifications. The analysis of the obtained data revealed structural peculiarities of the 40S subunit in the monocot plant ribosome. We applied the 3D Flexible Refinement approach to analyze the internal mobility of the 40S subunit and succeeded in decomposing it into four major motions, describing rotations of the head domain and a shift in the massive rRNA expansion segment. It was shown that these motions are almost uncorrelated and that the 40S subunit is flexible enough to spontaneously adopt any conformation it takes as a part of a translating ribosome or ribosomal complex. Here, we introduce the first high-resolution structure of an isolated plant 40S subunit and the first quantitative analysis of the flexibility of small ribosomal subunits, hoping that it will help in studying various aspects of ribosome functioning.
Agro-Tourism Development in Cambodia: A Literature Review

Agro-tourism, sometimes referred to as eco-tourism or rural tourism, has gained international acceptance as one of the primary methods for establishing rural sustainability. In this definition, agro-tourism refers to the fusion of agricultural, ecological, and cultural products for a variety of purposes, such as social, educational, recreational, health, and environmental. The agriculture industry is the main driver of the Cambodian economy, and in order to sustain the livelihoods and economics of the people living there, a number of tourism-related companies must expand. Finding the most crucial development methods for Cambodia's agro-tourism sector is the primary objective of this review. Aspects of political stability, the development of rural community infrastructure, strategy plans, tourist product stability, marketing components, information system components, encouraging local tourism, investment appeal, and financial support are among the main essential considerations. Strategies are essential to expeditiously enhancing the agro-tourist activities delineated in government policies, including those pertaining to the agricultural sector, agricultural communities, and nature, culture, and society-related tourism. The review has revealed that a wide range of factors could greatly aid in the adoption of agro-tourism development plans and methodologies throughout Cambodia's diverse ecological zones.
Technology Development for the Pyrolysis of Hydrocarbons in Liquid Metal

This article describes the development of a new technology based on the application of liquid metal and aims to produce hydrogen by decarbonization (pyrolysis process) of both natural and artificially synthesized hydrocarbons. When biogas with a sufficiently high carbon dioxide content is used as a feedstock, or by the targeted addition of CO2 to methane, a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide (synthesis gas) can be produced. Furthermore, the paper describes another very interesting application of the technology to create negative emissions. In this scenario, the processes direct air capture, methanation, electrolysis and methane pyrolysis are combined to synthesize solid carbon from atmospheric CO2. The broad range of process options investigated indicates that, when the technology is scaled up to industrial scale, the result will be a process that is flexible in both the use of reactants and the resulting products.
Multiscale Feature Reconstruction and Interclass Attention Weighting for Land Cover Classification

Land cover classification has the goal to attribute each pixel of high-resolution remoste sensing image with planimetric category labels (such as vegetation, building, and water). In recent years, many serial deep-learning architectures (features are delivered through a single path, such as in ResNet, MobileNet, and Segformer) based on convolutional neural networks and attention mechanisms have been widely explored in land cover classification. However, high-resolution remote sensing images typically have abundant textual details, variable scales in objects, large intraclass variance, and similar interclass correlation, which bring challenges to land cover classification. In this work, we present two pluggable modules to further boost serial learning architecture: first, to cope with ambiguous boundaries caused by lost details and fragmented segmentation stemmed from scale variances, a combination of spatial attention and channel attention is proposed for multiscale feature reconstruction (MSFR); second, to mitigate the classification error caused by intraclass variance and interclass correlation, we explore an interclass attention weighting (ICAW) module, which builds feature vectors for each category, and applies a multihead attention model to capture self-attention dependence among different categories. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed modules are feasible to the existing serial learning architectures and can improve overall accuracy (OA) by 5.64% on the ISPRS Vaihingen two-dimensional dataset (using ResNet50 as a backbone); in particular, the OA values are 80.68% and 86.32% before and after using the proposed modules, respectively. In addition, compared with other state-of-the-art models, our method can achieve similar or even better classification results, yet offer superior inference performance.