Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Investigation on meso-structure of coal and rock based on the modified LBF model

For accurately and completely capturing the meso-structure information of coal and rock images which combine with the characteristics of inhomogeneity intensity extensively,the anthor introduces an image processing method based on Local Binary Fitting( LBF) energy model. Also,the modifications are carried out by introducing the image enhancement operators and regulating the initial set function for the defects of inefficiency in dealing with the low contrast images and the segmentation depending on the location and size of initial outline. The high-quality binary images of coal and rock meso-structure were obtained by graying,image segmentation and morphological processing for three kinds of images,and then analyzed the statistical regularity of the meso-parameters. The test results show that the image processing method based on modified LBF model can effectively deal with the uneven gray images of coal and rock,and the obtained meso-structure information can provide a true geometric model for coal and rock specimen numerical simulation and reliable technical support for meso-damage mechanics analysis.
Differential impacts of ionizing radiation on a sexually dimorphic trait in male and female Acheta domesticus

Abstract Purpose In many Orthopteran species, including crickets, forewings exhibit substantial sexual dimorphism driven by sexual selection. In the cricket, Acheta domesticus, females are the ‘choosy’ sex and males exhibit multiple sexual signals to attract and successfully mate. Male forewings have highly specialized structures critical for acoustic signaling and mating. In contrast, female forewings currently serve no known purpose in this flightless species. Forewings also differ morphologically with male forewings containing complex acoustic producing and resonating regions and females lacking any defined structures. Due to their importance to mating as well as their structural complexity, impacts of environmental stress that target cricket forewing development may therefore have more severe consequences in males than females. Here, we investigate the sensitivity of a sexually dimorphic trait, forewing morphology, to an early life environmental stressor. Materials and Methods We applied ionizing radiation (0-–27.8 Gy) as a stressor as dose can be precisely applied as well as its relevance in both environmental contamination and use in the Sterile Insect Technique. Results A canonical variate analysis indicated that wing shape was significantly altered in males at all doses; . 58 Gy, 2.3 Gy, 4.6 Gy, 16.2 Gy, and 23.2 Gy. In females, shape was significantly altered at 27.8 Gy and 23.2 Gy groups and to a lesser extent at . 58 Gy and 16.2 Gy. Linear regression analysis of centroid size indicated a dose dependent decline in wing size in both sexes, with males exhibiting more decline. Fluctuating asymmetry, a measure of environmental sensitivity, revealed that males were more sensitive to shape changes due to stress than females. This difference in sensitivity is likely due to the complexity of male forewings. Conclusion These results expand understanding of sex dimorphism in stress responses and sensitivity to ionizing radiation.
Red meat consumption, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

AIMS Observational studies show inconsistent associations of red meat consumption with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes. Moreover, red meat consumption varies by sex and setting, however, whether the associations vary by sex and setting remains unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to summarize the evidence concerning the associations of unprocessed and processed red meat consumption with CVD and its subtypes [coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, and heart failure], type two diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and to assess differences by sex and setting (western vs. eastern, categorized based on dietary pattern and geographic region). Two researchers independently screened studies from PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library for observational studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published by 30 June 2022. Forty-three observational studies (N = 4 462 810, 61.7% women) for CVD and 27 observational studies (N = 1 760 774, 64.4% women) for diabetes were included. Red meat consumption was positively associated with CVD [hazard ratio (HR) 1.11, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05 to 1.16 for unprocessed red meat (per 100 g/day increment); 1.26, 95% CI 1.18 to 1.35 for processed red meat (per 50 g/day increment)], CVD subtypes, T2DM, and GDM. The associations with stroke and T2DM were higher in western settings, with no difference by sex. CONCLUSION Unprocessed and processed red meat consumption are both associated with higher risk of CVD, CVD subtypes, and diabetes, with a stronger association in western settings but no sex difference. Better understanding of the mechanisms is needed to facilitate improving cardiometabolic and planetary health.
Comparison between cone-beam breast-CT and full-field digital mammography for microcalcification detection depending on breast density

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of breast density on the diagnostic performance of cone-beam breast-CT (CBBCT) in comparison to full-field digital mammography (FFDM) for the detection of microcalcifications. This retrospective IRB-approved study was conducted between December 2015 and March 2017 and enrolled 171 women with Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System category 4 or 5 lesions on FFDM and additional CBBCT; 56 of which were ineligible. The inclusion was restricted to 83 women (90 breasts, 90 lesions) with microcalcifications. All lesions underwent histology or were monitored by FFDM and a clinical examination at least 2 years after enrollment. Two breast radiologists independently read each data set twice. Sensitivity, specificity and area under the curve were compared between the modalities. Thirty-two breasts (35.5%) were grouped as non-dense breasts (American College of Radiology types a/b) and 58 breasts (64.5%) as dense breasts (American College of Radiology types c/d). Histopathological assessment was performed in 61 of 90 breast lesions (32 malignant, 1 high-risk and 28 benign). Area under the curve was larger for FFDM than for CBBCT (P = .085). The sensitivity was significantly higher for FFDM compared to CBBCT (P = .009). The specificity showed no significant differences comparing FFDM (both readers: 0.62) versus CBBCT (reader 1: 0.76, reader 2: 0.60; P = .192). Inter-observer-reliability on BI-RADS readings was almost perfect for FFDM and moderate for CBBCT (κ = 0.84, κ = 0.54, respectively). Intra-observer agreement was substantial to almost perfect for both methods and readers. Compared with FFDM, CBBCT demonstrated non-comparable results for microcalcification detection in dense and non-dense breasts.
The safety of repeated ketamine dosing in paediatrics: A systematic review

Background: Ketamine is emerging as an effective, rapidly acting antidepressant in adult research. Hypothetical concerns about its long-term safety and impact on the developing brain are limiting its research in children. However, a wealth of paediatric safety and dosing data exists for ketamine, given its extensive use globally as an anaesthetic, analgesic and sedative agent. Aims: To evaluate the safety of repeat dosing of ketamine in children. Methods: A systematic search of EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library and PubMed from inception to 13 April 2023 was conducted. Included studies were those reporting adverse events when ketamine was given repeatedly to children aged 5–18, for any condition. No language restrictions were applied. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guideline and Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tools Checklist for study quality assessment were used. The review process was performed independently by two reviewers. Results: Five observational studies (87 patients) were included. The maximum number of doses per patient was 42, over a maximum of 4 months. There were no serious adverse events. There was no evidence of needing higher doses with time to indicate tolerance. The longest follow-up period was 6 months. There were no long-term consequences (including neurocognitive) reported within this time frame. Conclusions: These results suggest that, despite methodological limitations of the studies, ketamine is well tolerated and safe for use in children, even when given repeatedly in regimens analogous to those used for the treatment of depression in adults. This finding supports the expansion of research into the use of ketamine as a novel antidepressant in children.
Responses to Raven matrices: Governed by visual complexity and centrality

Raven matrices are widely considered a pure test of cognitive abilities. Previous research has examined the extent to which cognitive strategies are predictive of the number of correct responses to Raven items. This study examined whether response times can be explained directly from the centrality and visual complexity of the matrix cells (edge density and perceived complexity). A total of 159 participants completed a 12-item version of the Raven Advanced Progressive Matrices. In addition to item number (an index of item difficulty), the findings demonstrated a positive correlation between the visual complexity of Raven items and both the mean response time and the number of fixations on the matrix (a strong correlate of response time). Moreover, more centrally placed cells as well as more complex cells received more fixations. It is concluded that response times on Raven matrices are impacted by low-level stimulus attributes, namely, visual complexity and eccentricity.
Renal tubular damage and clinical outcome in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and chronic kidney disease

Despite advances in heart failure (HF) treatment, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) remains a health problem with a high mortality rate. HFpEF is composed of diverse phenogroups, of which patients with concomitant renal impairment have worse outcomes. Renal tubular damage (RTD) is associated with the development of HF and chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the impact of RTD on HF progression in patients with HFpEF and CKD remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to examine whether RTD could predict HF‐related events in patients with HFpEF and CKD.
Quantitative dopamine transporter imaging assessment in Parkinson's disease patients carrying GBA gene mutations compared with idiopathic PD patients: A case‐control study

Genetic risk factors impact around 15% of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and at least 23 variants have been identified including Glucocerebrosidase (GBA) gene variants. Using different clinical and instrumental qualitative‐based data, various studies have been published on GBA‐PD cohorts which suggested possible differences in dopaminergic nigrostriatal denervation pattern, particularly in caudate and putamen nuclei.
Girth and Independence Ratio

Abstract Lower bounds are given for the independence ratio in graphs satisfying certain girth and maximum degree requirements. In particular, the independence ratio of a graph with maximum degree Δ and girth at least six is at least (2Δ − 1)/(Δ2 + 2Δ − 1). Sharper bounds are given for cubic graphs.
Exponential stability of linear stochastic large-scale system with time-delay

For a class of general linear stochastic equation with time-delay,this paper presents a sufficient condition of guaranteeing the almost sure exponential stability of the trivial solution of the equation.From that,a new algebraic criterion of 2-order moment exponential stability and the almost sure exponential stability for general lineal stochastic large-scale system with time-delay is established by comparison theory.These conditions are derived by using suitable Lyapunov function method and combing with inequality technique.In particular,the Lyapunov exponent,which is depended on time-delay,is estimated by an algebraic equation.An example is given to verify the effectiveness of the results.
Impact of pod and seed photosynthesis on seed filling and canopy carbon gain in soybean.

There is a limited understanding of the carbon assimilation capacity of non-foliar green tissues and its impact on yield and seed quality since most photosynthesis research focuses on leaf photosynthesis. In this study, we investigate the photosynthetic efficiency of soybean (Glycine max) pods and seeds in a field setting and evaluate its effect on mature seed weight and composition. We demonstrate that soybean pod and seed photosynthesis contributes 13-14% of the mature seed weight. Carbon assimilation by soybean pod and seed photosynthesis can compensate for 81% of carbon loss through the respiration of the same tissues, and our model predicts that soybean pod and seed photosynthesis contributes up to 9% of the total daily carbon gain of the canopy. Chlorophyll fluorescence shows that the operating efficiency of Photosystem II in immature soybean seeds peaks at the 10-100 mg seed weight stage, while that of immature pods peaks at the 75-100 mg stage. This study provides quantitative information about the efficiency of soybean pod and seed photosynthesis during tissue development and its impact on yield.
A Fuzzy Clustering Method for Turbo-generator Vibration Faulty Diagnosis

This paper introduces a fuzzy clustering method in turbogenerator vibration faulty diagnosis. The classfied samples is composed of standard faulty samples and checked samples. The initial sort is acquired by fuzzy equivalent matrix and F statistic. At the same time, the intial iterative matrix for the fuzzy c means is also acquired. So it gets the most optimize class matrix and the fuzzy clustering center. The experimental results indicate that the method in this paper is available and has a good foreground.
Factors Affecting Ablation Success After I-131 Radioactive Iodine Therapy in Low and Intermediate Risk Papillary Thyroid Cancer

Abstract The study was to evaluate the effect of radioactive iodine (RAI) treatment application time and clinical, histopathological factors on ablation success in patients with operated papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) in low and intermediate-risk. One hundred sixty-one patients with PTC in the low and intermediate-risk were evaluated. Most patients (89.4%) were in the low-risk, and 10.6% were in the intermediate-risk. When the patients were divided into two groups according to the date of receiving RAI treatment after surgery, those who received early treatment (≤3 months) constituted the majority of the patients (72.7%). Seventeen patients received 1.85 Gigabecquerel (GBq), 119 3.7 GBq, 25 5.55 GBq RAI. Most patients (82%) achieved ablation success after the first RAI treatment. The time interval between surgery and RAI treatment did not affect ablation success. Stimulated Tg level measured on the RAI treatment day was an independent predictive factor for successful ablation (p<0.001). The cut-off value of Tg found to predict ablation failure was 5.86 ng/ml. It was concluded that 5.55 GBq RAI treatment could predict ablation success compared to 1.85 GBq dose (p=0.017). It was concluded that having a T1 tumor may predict treatment success compared to a T2 or T3 tumor (p=0.001, p<0.001, retrospectively). The time interval does not affect ablation success in low and intermediate-risk PTC. The ablation success rate may decrease in patients who receive low-dose RAI and have high Tg levels before treatment. The most crucial factor in achieving ablation success is giving enough doses of RAI to ablate the residual tissue.
Tailored Approach in der Therapie der Hämorrhoidalleiden

Zusammenfassung Das symptomatische Hämorrhoidalleiden ist einer der häufigsten Gründe für das Aufsuchen einer koloproktologischen Einrichtung. Neben der typischen Anamnese ist der Untersuchungsbefund inkl. Proktoskopie wegweisend. Die überwiegende Mehrheit der Patienten kann konservativ mit sehr gutem Ergebnis hinsichtlich der Lebensqualität behandelt werden. Insbesondere durch Basistherapie mit Stuhlregulation, korrektem Stuhlverhalten und Sklerosierungstherapie kann stadienunabhängig eine gute Symptomkontrolle erreicht werden. Bei Versagen der konsequenten konservativen Therapie stehen verschiedene operative Verfahren zur Verfügung. Entscheidend für die Auswahl des Verfahrens ist der individuelle Befund des Patienten im Sinne eines Tailored Approachs. Neben den klassischen segmental resezierenden sowie zirkulär pexierenden Operationen gehören auch neuere, z. T. weniger invasive Methoden wie Hämorrhoidalarterienligatur mit und ohne Rectoanal Repair (HAL-RAR), Infrarottherapie (IRT), Lasertherapie (LT) und Radiofrequenzablation (RFA) zum chirurgischen Repertoire. Blutung, Schmerz, Inkontinenz sowie Rezidiv stellen mögliche Risiken der operativen Therapie dar.
Between Concealment and Disclosure: Approaches to the History of Privacy in Knowledge-Making

e tend to associate knowledge with the mind, the Wintellect, or the brain, butmuchofwhatwe come to know starts with concrete engagements with the world. Experimentation, rehearsal, repetition, habit formation—all of these are intrinsic to getting to know something, and getting to know it well. Because it often involves trial and error, knowledge development is done more comfortably in private, where the knowledge-maker remains unobserved while learning or developing something new. Even when practices of knowledge-making achieve a stage where they require social engagement, there might still be a concern for maintaining a certain level of privacy. Groups create strategies to confine the spreading of their techniques. Masters and apprentices share their knowledge under strict rules of the trade. Cooks conceal key ingredients from the tasters of their delicacies, and basically every grandparent is the
Behandlung einer Katze mit hochgradiger Kontraktur des M. masseter

Der folgende Bericht schildert den herausfordernden Fall einer Katze mit hochgradiger Kontraktur des M. masseter. Muskelkontrakturen kommen vermutlich häufiger vor, als sie in der tierärztlichen Praxis tatsächlich diagnostiziert werden. Dieser eindrucksvolle Fall zeigt, wie diagnostisch vorgegangen wurde und welche therapeutischen Maßnahmen letztlich zum Erfolg führten.
Overview of sugar beet leaf spot disease caused by Cercospora beticola Sacc

Abstract Cercospora leaf spot induced by the fungus Cercospora beticola Sacc is the most important leaf disease of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) in the world. Managing this enemy requires an integrated approach combining farming practices, resistant varieties, and chemical treatments. Indeed, chemical treatments against fungi provide control of the disease but generate another problem; the resistance to fungicidal molecules. Studies have detected the mutation points responsible for the resistance traits of this pathogen against the main fungicide groups (MBC, DMI, QoI). From the perspective of managing the resistance, alternative control methods such as the use of antagonists (fungi and bacteria).
Pattern, Process, and the Scale Problem in Geographical Research

A TRADITIONAL aim of geographical research is to describe the spatial pattern of objects or events, and to explain that pattern by way of the causal mechanisms which have generated it. This aim implies some way of deducing spatial patterns from a knowledge of temporal processes-a deductive procedure which will be termed a 'time-space transformation' for short. Such time-space transformations have proved extraordinarily difficult to handle given traditional methods of representing spatial forms and temporal processes. In most cases, all that can be done is to discuss some temporal process, for instance diffusion, and simply map its progress over space. The connection between the temporal and spatial in such an analysis usually remains undefined, although there is no doubt that several traditional methods of handling time-space transformations are intuitively appealing. It would be helpful, however, if temporal and spatial elements in any geographical problem could be connected in some more formal manner.
Learning dynamic image representations for self-supervised cell cycle annotation

Time-based comparisons of single-cell trajectories are challenging due to their intrinsic heterogeneity, autonomous decisions, dynamic transitions and unequal lengths. In this paper, we present a self-supervised framework combining an image autoencoder with dynamic time series analysis of latent feature space to represent, compare and annotate cell cycle phases across singlecell trajectories. In our fully data-driven approach, we map similarities between heterogeneous cell tracks and generate statistical representations of single-cell trajectory phase durations, onset and transitions. This work is a first effort to transform a sequence of learned image representations from cell cycle-specific reporters into an unsupervised sequence annotation.
Heterogeneous genomic architecture of skeletal armour traits in sticklebacks

Whether populations adapt to similar selection pressures using the same underlying genetic variants depends on population history and the distribution of standing genetic variation at the metapopulation level. Studies of sticklebacks provide a case in point: when colonising and adapting to freshwater habitats, three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus; TSSs) with high gene flow tend to fix the same adaptive alleles in the same major loci, whereas nine-spined sticklebacks (Pungitius pungitius; NPSs) with limited gene flow tend to utilize a more heterogeneous set of loci. In accordance with this, we report results of quantitative trait locus (QTL) analyses using a F2 back-cross design showing that lateral plate number variation in the western European lineage of NPSs mapped to three moderate-effect QTL, contrary to one major QTL in TSSs and these QTL were different from the four previously identified QTL in the eastern European lineage of NPSs. Furthermore, several QTL were identified associated with variation in lateral plate size, and three moderate-effect QTL with body size. Together, these findings indicate that genetic underpinnings of skeletal armour variation in Pungitius sticklebacks are more polygenic and heterogenous than those in three-spined sticklebacks, indicating limited genetic parallelism underlying armour trait evolution in the family Gasterostidae.
Illumina Dark Chemical Matter using the Cell Painting Assay

The identification of bioactive small molecules is at the heart of chemical biology and medicinal research. The screening for modulators of disease-relevant targets and phenotypes is the first step on the way to new drugs. Therefore, large compound libraries have been synthesized and employed by academia and, particularly, pharmaceutical companies to meet the need for chemical entities that are as diverse as possible. Extensive screening of these compound libraries revealed a portion of small molecules that is inactive in more than 100 different assays and was therefore termed ‘dark chemical matter’ (DCM). Deorphanization of DCM promises to yield very selective compounds as they, by definition, should have less off-target effects. We employed morphological profiling using the Cell painting assay (CPA) to detect bioactive DCM compounds. CPA is not biased to a given target or phenotype and can detect various unrelated mechanisms and modes of action. Within the DCM collection, we identified bioactive compounds and confirmed several modulators of microtubules, DNA synthesis and pyrimidine biosynthesis. Profiling approaches are therefore powerful tools to probe compound collections for bioactivity in an unbiased manner and particularly suitable for deorphanization of DCM.