Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Coulomb scattering rates of excited carriers in moderate-gap carbon nanotubes

C. W. Chiu,1 F. L. Shyu,2 C. P. Chang,3 D. S. Chuu,4 and M. F. Lin1 1Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan 2Department of Physics, Chinese Military Academy, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 3Center for General Education, Tainan Woman’s College of Art and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan 4Department of Physics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan Received 10 November 2005; revised manuscript received 26 April 2006; published 12 June 2006
Analyzing Activity and Suspension Patterns of Twitter Bots Attacking Turkish Twitter Trends by a Longitudinal Dataset

Twitter bots amplify target content in a coordinated manner to make them appear popular, which is an astroturfing attack. Such attacks promote certain keywords to push them to Twitter trends to make them visible to a broader audience. Past work on such fake trends revealed a new astroturfing attack named ephemeral astroturfing that employs a very unique bot behavior in which bots post and delete generated tweets in a coordinated manner. As such, it is easy to mass-annotate such bots reliably, making them a convenient source of ground truth for bot research. In this paper, we detect and disclose over 212,000 such bots targeting Turkish trends, which we name astrobots. We also analyze their activity and suspension patterns. We found that Twitter purged those bots en-masse 6 times since June 2018. However, the adversaries reacted quickly and deployed new bots that were created years ago. We also found that many such bots do not post tweets apart from promoting fake trends, which makes it challenging for bot detection methods to detect them. Our work provides insights into platforms’ content moderation practices and bot detection research. The dataset is publicly available at https://github.com/tugrulz/EphemeralAstroturfing.
ZipIt! Merging Models from Different Tasks without Training

Typical deep visual recognition models are capable of performing the one task they were trained on. In this paper, we tackle the extremely difficult problem of combining distinct models with different initializations, each solving a separate task, into one multi-task model without any additional training. Prior work in model merging permutes one model to the space of the other then averages them together. While this works for models trained on the same task, we find that this fails to account for the differences in models trained on disjoint tasks. Thus, we introduce"ZipIt! ", a general method for merging two arbitrary models of the same architecture that incorporates two simple strategies. First, in order to account for features that aren't shared between models, we expand the model merging problem to allow for merging features within each model by defining a general"zip"operation. Second, we add support for partially zipping the models up until a specified layer, naturally creating a multi-head model. We find that these two changes combined account for 20-60% improvement over prior work, making it more feasible to merge models trained on disjoint tasks without retraining.
Freeform shape representations for efficient geometry processing

The most important concepts for the handling and storage of freeform shapes in geometry processing applications are parametric representation and volumetric representations. Both have their specific advantages and drawbacks. While the algebraic complexity of volumetric representations S = {(x,y,z) | f(x,y,z) = 0} is independent from the shape complexity, the domain /spl Omega/ of a parametric representation f : /spl Omega/ /spl rarr/ S usually has to have the same structure as the surface S itself (which sometimes makes it necessary to update the domain when the surface is modified. On the other hand, the topology of a parametrically defined surface can be controlled explicitly while in a volumetric representation, the surface topology can change accidentally during deformation. A volumetric representation reduces distance queries or inside/outside tests to mere function evaluations but the geodesic neighborhood relation between surface points is difficult to resolve. As a consequence, it seems promising to combine parametric and volumetric representations to effectively exploit both advantages. A number of applications are presented and discussed where such a combination leads to efficient and numerically stable algorithms for the solution of various geometry processing tasks. These applications include: surface remeshing, mesh fairing, global error control for mesh decimation and smoothing, and topology control for level-set surfaces.
Adult height, coronary heart disease and stroke: a multi-locus Mendelian randomization meta-analysis

Abstract Background: We investigated causal effect of completed growth, measured by adult height, on coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke and cardiovascular traits, using instrumental variable (IV) Mendelian randomization meta-analysis. Methods: We developed an allele score based on 69 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with adult height, identified by the IBCCardioChip, and used it for IV analysis against cardiovascular risk factors and events in 21 studies and 60 028 participants. IV analysis on CHD was supplemented by summary data from 180 height-SNPs from the GIANT consortium and their corresponding CHD estimates derived from CARDIoGRAMplusC4D. Results: IV estimates from IBCCardioChip and GIANT-CARDIoGRAMplusC4D showed that a 6.5-cm increase in height reduced the odds of CHD by 10% [odds ratios 0.90; 95% confidence intervals (CIs): 0.78 to 1.03 and 0.85 to 0.95, respectively],which agrees with the estimate from the Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration (hazard ratio 0.93; 95% CI: 0.91 to 0.94). IV analysis revealed no association with stroke (odds ratio 0.97; 95% CI: 0.79 to 1.19). IV analysis showed that a 6.5-cm increase in height resulted in lower levels of body mass index (P < 0.001), triglycerides (P < 0.001), non high-density (non-HDL) cholesterol (P < 0.001), C-reactive protein (P = 0.042), and systolic blood pressure (P = 0.064) and higher levels of forced expiratory volume in 1 s and forced vital capacity (P < 0.001 for both). Conclusions: Taller individuals have a lower risk of CHD with potential explanations being that taller people have a better lung function and lower levels of body mass index, cholesterol and blood pressure.
With apologies to scheherazade: tails of 1001 kinesin motors.

INTRODUCTION . 3 1 9 A N OVERVIEW O F THE KINESIN SUPERFAMILY . 32 1 FAMILIES OF POSSIBLE VESICLE TRANSPORTERS . 330 The Kinesin Family . 330 The KIF3 Family: KIF3, KLP64D, KLP68D . 334 The unc-l04 Family: unc-l04, KIFI . 334 FAMILIES OF PROBABLE MITOTIC/MEIOTIC MOTORS . , . 335 The bimC Family: bimC, cut7, EG5, KLP61F, CIN8, KIP] . 335 The KAR3 Family: KAR3, KLPA, ned . 337 ORPHANS . 34 0 SMYI . 34 0 nod . 34 1 KLP98A . 342 MKLPI . 342 CENP-E . 34 2 KIP2, KLP3A, KLP67A, KIF2 . 343 GENERAL THEMES THAT EMERGE . 34 3 Mechanisms for Generating Functional Diversity . 34 3 Functional Redundancy . 344 Types of Functions Carried Out by Motors . 34 6 REMAINING QUESTIONS AND CONCLUSIONS . 34 6
Boolean Operations on Decomposed Functions

Disjoint support decompositions (DSDs) are a way of exposing the inherent hierarchical structure of a Boolean function. By decomposing a function in its disjoint support components it is possible to reduce its complexity by considering it as the simple composition of smaller blocks that are disjoint, that is, they do not share any input variable. Exposing a function’s decomposability properties has the potential to enable optimizations in various application domains of computer-aided design, from synthesis to verification. Moreover, it provides the potential for generating a compact representation of the function. Algorithms have been proposed that can decompose a function into a decomposition tree of the finest granularity components, once its Binary Decision Diagram (BDD) is given. However, no solutions have been suggested so far for applying Boolean operators directly on decomposed forms that do not require one to reconstruct first the BDD of the operand functions involved and then construct the BDD of the result. This paper proposes a novel algorithm to perform Boolean operations directly on a decomposed form. Our algorithm can construct complex DSDs by performing multiple Boolean operations directly on other simpler DSDs, without ever constructing the BDD of the functions. The implications of the contribution are twofold: 1) we can maintain a lower memory profile than previous algorithms generating DSDs as a consequence of not constructing the BDDs before decomposition, and 2) by using a decomposed form during Boolean function manipulation, it is possible to exploit directly the function’s hierarchical structure, exposed by the decomposed form, for further optimizations. We show results indicating that we always maintain a lower memory profile compared to previous decomposition techniques while achieving competitive runtime performance. We also show that our algorithm generates a representation of a Boolean function that can require significantly less memory than a BDD representation. Thus, our algorithm could provide a compact alternative to BDDs in memorycritical applications.
Compression therapy: clinical and experimental evidence.

AIM A review is given on the different tools of compression therapy and their mode of action. METHODS Interface pressure and stiffness of compression devices, alone or in combination can be measured in vivo. Hemodynamic effects have been demonstrated by measuring venous volume and flow velocity using MRI, Duplex and radioisotopes, venous reflux and venous pumping function using plethysmography and phlebodynamometry. Oedema reduction can be measured by limb volumetry. RESULTS Compression stockings exerting a pressure of ~20 mmHg on the distal leg are able to increase venous blood flow velocity in the supine position and to prevent leg swelling after prolonged sitting and standing. In the upright position, an interface pressure of more than 50 mmHg is needed for intermittent occlusion of incompetent veins and for a reduction of ambulatory venous hypertension during walking. Such high intermittent interface pressure peaks exerting a "massaging effect" may rather be achieved by short stretch multilayer bandages than by elastic stockings. CONCLUSION Compression is a cornerstone in the management of venous and lymphatic insufficiency. However, this treatment modality is still underestimated and deserves better understanding and improved educational programs, both for patients and medical staff.
Estimates of repolarization dispersion from electrocardiographic measurements.

BACKGROUND Repolarization dispersion (Rd) is frequently mentioned as a predictor of cardiac abnormalities. We present a new measure of Rd based on the root-mean-square (RMS) curve of an ECG lead set and compare its performance with that of the commonly used QT dispersion (QTd) measure with the use of recovery times measured from directly recorded canine electrograms. METHODS AND RESULTS Using isolated, perfused canine hearts suspended in a torso-shaped electrolytic tank, we simultaneously recorded electrograms from 64 epicardial sites and ECGs from 192 "body surface" sites. RMS curves were derived from 4 lead sets: epicardial, body surface, precordial, and a 6-lead optimal set. Repolarization was altered by changing cycle length, temperature, and activation sequence. Rd, calculated directly from recovery times of the 64 epicardial potentials, was then compared with the width of the T wave of the RMS curve and with QTd for each of these 4 lead sets. The correlation between T-wave width and Rd for each lead set, respectively, was epicardium, 0.91; body surface, 0.84; precordial, 0.72; and optimal leads, 0.81. The correlation between QTd and Rd for each lead set was epicardium, 0.46; body surface, 0.47; precordial, 0.17; and optimal leads, 0.11. CONCLUSIONS RMS curve analysis provides an accurate method of estimating Rd from the body surface. In contrast, QTd analysis provides a poor estimate of Rd.
Comparing Spoken and Written Translation with Post-editing in the ENJA15 English - Japanese Translation Corpus

Spoken language applications are becoming increasingly operational and are used in many computer applications today. Translation dictation is a mode of translation by which a translator reads a source text and speaks out its translation, instead of typing it. Translation dictation is thus a method of translation situated in between interpretation, where the interpreter hears a text and speaks out the translation (e.g., during conference interpreting) and conventional translation by which a written source text is translated mainly using the keyboard. It is close to sight translation. Translation Dictation was a technique used in some translation bureaus in the 1960s and 1970s (Gingold, 1978) but it has been used less frequently since the mid-80s, as professional translators started using micro-computers (Zapata and Kirkedal, 2015). Already, the ALPAC report (Pierce et al., 1966) mentioned that “productivity of human translators might be as much as four times higher when dictating” as compared to writing, and with today ́s increasing quality of voice recognition this mode of translation is experiencing a come-back. The usage of Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems provides an efficient means to produce texts, and our experiments suggest that for some translators and types of text translations it might become even more efficient than post-editing of machine translation. In this paper we describe the ENJA15 translation study and corpus. The ENJA15 corpus is a collection of translation process data that was collected in a collaborative effort by CRITT and NII. The ENJA15 data is part of a bigger data set which will enable us to compare human translation production processes across different languages, different translation modes, including from-scratch translation, machine translation post-editing and translation dictation.
GREYWATER IRRIGATION: ANTIBACTERIAL AGENTS AS BARRIERS TO GREYWATER REUSE

The development and use of marginal water for non-potable uses (e.g. irrigation) is critical in light of global water shortages. Greywater (GW), household wastewater containing all used water except sewage, accounts for between 50 and 80% of the wastewater produced in households. The use of GW for irrigation could therefore result in substantial savings in potable water in arid regions. Because greywater reuse results in direct discharge to the environment , concerns have been raised about possible environmental and public health impacts. For example, the presence of antibacterial compounds in greywater raises concerns regarding the potential selection for and spread of antibiotic resistant microorganisms in the environment. Our findings show that, microbial populations resistant to tetracycline increased in soil irrigated with GW containing triclosan. Furthermore, the structure of the soil microbial community changed showing two very distinct patterns of substrate utilization. The microbial community in the soil irrigated with GW plus triclosan was significantly less diverse that that irrigated with GW only. This difference could influence microbial soil processes such as nutrient cycling and ultimately impact plant growth and ecosystem health. Therefore, our results indicate that greywater should be treated to remove antibacterial agents before its use in lawn irrigation. Alternatively, the use of antibacterial containing products should be significantly reduced.
Double covers of EPW-sextics

1 Double EPW-sextics 5 1.1 Product formula . 5 1.2 Double covers . 9 1.3 Explicit formulae for double EPW-sextics . 10 1.4 Affine double covers . 13 1.5 Families of double EPW-sextics . 20 1.6 Double EPW-sextics and their modifications . 24
Uncovering mechanisms that control Myosin-1a membrane binding and targeting dynamics

57 Introduction! 58 Results. 61 Dissecting the mechanism of Myo1a-TH1 targeting in cultured epithelial cells! 61 Myo1-PH domain is not essential for the enrichment of Myo1a-TH1 in microvilli! 63 Discovery of novel microvillar targeting motifs in Myo1a-TH1! 65 Myo1a binds to acidic phospholipids in vitro! 69 NTM and CTM peptides compete with Myo1a for binding to acidic phospholipids in vitro! 71 NTM and CTM regulate Myo1a-TH1 membrane-binding dynamics in live cells! 72 Myo1a-TH1 interacts with PS in brush border microvilli! 74 Discussion! 76 Dissecting the membrane binding mechanism of Myo1a-TH1! 76 Myo1-PH domain is not essential for Myo1a-TH1 targeting in cells! 79 PS as a lipid target for Myo1a-TH1 in microvilli! 80 Functional implications of multiple membrane binding motifs! 81 IV. MYOSIN-1A MOTOR AND TAIL DOMAINS SYNERGISTICALLY MODULATE DYNAMICS IN CELLS! 84 Abstract! 84 Introduction! 85 Results.87 Myo1a exhibits restricted mobility in the membrane bound state! 87 The motor domain limits the lateral mobility of full length Myo1a.91 TH1/membrane interactions also influence Myo1a dynamics.91 A functional lever arm is required for low mobility behavior displayed by Myo1a! 94 Discussion! 97
Older Adults’ Socio-Demographic Determinants of Health Related to Promoting Health and Getting Preventive Health Care in Southern United States: A Secondary Analysis of a Survey Project Dataset

Background: This exploratory survey study examined the relationship between older adults’ five socio-demographic determinants (urban/rural residence, gender, age, marital status, and education) and their self-reported perception of importance, desire to perform, and ability to perform nine self-care behaviors related to promoting health and getting preventive health care. Methods: We reported a secondary analysis of a dataset from an exploratory survey project; we analyzed 2015–2016 retrospective data collected from a cross-sectional survey study, including 123 adults aged 65 years and older living in southern United States. Data were collected from the Patient Action Inventory for Self-Care and a demographic questionnaire and analyzed using binary and multiple logistic regression analyses. Results: Advancing age, marital separation, and holding less than a high school education were significantly associated with at least one of the unfavorable perceptions of the importance, the desire to perform, and the ability to perform three self-care behaviors. These three behaviors were: (1) creating habits that will improve health and prevent disease, (2) discussing the use of health screening tests with healthcare providers, and (3) joining in local health screening or wellness events. Gender and urban/rural residence were not significant. Conclusions: Comprehensive health care should include an individual’s socio-demographic context and self-care perception of importance, desire, and ability.
Handwriting Readiness among Digital Native Kindergarten Students

Abstract Aims: Handwriting is an essential life skill, impacted by proficiency in visual-motor integration and fine motor control. The increase in the use of digital technology has changed the way children interact with their environments, and potentially, the development of the important requisite skills for handwriting. This study examined the “handwriting readiness” skills of children born in the digital age. Methods: 219 children in their first year of formal schooling (mean age = 5 years, 10 months), completed the Beery Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual Motor Integration (Beery-VMI) and the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, Second Edition (BOT-2) Short Form to assess visual motor integration, overall motor proficiency, and fine motor proficiency. Pencil grasp was also observed. Data analysis consisted of descriptive statistics and comparison to established normative data using summary t-tests. Results: Participants met the expected performance level on the Beery-VMI and the manual dexterity subtest of the BOT-2. However, overall motor proficiency on the BOT-2 for our sample was lower than published normative data. Further, 60.3% of participants used static pencil grasps. Conclusions: The findings prompt us to question the potential contribution of digital technology to changes in motor performance among children in the digital age.
Global stabilization using LSS-Theorem: Applications to Robotics and Aerospace Vehicles

Underactuated mechanical systems are gaining interest as they can sometimes provide the desired motion or functionality at reduced cost due to their using fewer expensive actuators. The term "underactuated" refers to the fact that such mechanical systems have fewer actuators than degrees of freedom, which makes them very difficult to control. Moreover, underactuated robots have nonlinear dynamics which must be tackled with nonlinear control techniques. Furthermore, control theory for underactuated mechanical systems has been an active area of research for the past 15-20 years. Most of the research has focused on local and global asymptotic stabilization by feedback. Underactuated systems can either possess nonminimum phase or minimum phase characteristics. For minimum phase underactuated systems, the stabilization problem is rather simple and many existing control design methodologies have been proved powerful in providing a solution to this problem.For nonminimum phase underactuated systems, asymptotic stabilization problem has been, and still is, an attractive subject to the researchers in the field of nonlinear control system and theory. In particular, global asymptotic stabilization (GAS) at a desired equilibrium point of such systems by means of a single smooth static or dynamic state feedback law is still largely an open problem in the literature. In this thesis, the problem of GAS via a smooth static state feedback law is addressed for a class of an underactuated nonlinear system that is affine (possibly non affine) in the control, partially feedback linearizable, nonminimum phase and (possibly) has a non-integrable acceleration constraint. The core result of the thesis is formulated through a theorem that the author refers to through this thesis asthe Legend of Salah Salman (LSS) Theorem. LSS theorem states the existence of a smooth static state feedback law that globally asymptotically stabilizes the origin of the nonlinear underactuated system that is characterized above. The form of the feedback law is also explicitly provided in the theorem. The author makes a compelling argument of the importance of the characterized class of systems in practical applications and refers to several challenging benchmark examples that have been proposed as test beds for new theories and developments. In this respect, the author studies the application of LSS theorem to benchmark problems of underactuated systems: the inertial wheel pendulum, the TORA, the VTOL aircraft, the beam and ball system, the acrobot, the cart-pole system. The pendubot, the rotational inverted pendulum and other systems are also discussed in this thesis. Theoretical and simulation results show that LSS Theorem significantly simplifies the control design, and provides solutions to some of the most challenging stabilization problems in today's control literature. %%%%Les systemes sous-actionnes sont de plus en plus d'interet puisqu'ils peuvent parfois produire le mouvement ou la fonctionnalite desiree a cout reduit en raison de leur usage d'un nombre…
Remote sensing in geomorphological and glaciological research

and Sammendrag XIX 1 Introductory overview 1 1.1 Objectives . 5 1.2 Structure of the thesis . 7 1.3 Scientific background . 9 1.3. 1 Cold climate environments and global change . 10 1.3. 2 Glacier movement and surge . 13 1.3. 3 Mass movement and debris flow . 17 1.3. 4 Geomorphological target landforms . 19 1.3. 5 Sediment cascade systems . 20 1.3. 6 Remote sensing concept and foundation . 22 1.4 Remote sensing data sets . 25 1.4. 1 Optical data . 25 1.4. 2 Radar data . 26 1.4. 3 Elevation data . 29 1.5 Image classification . 30 1.5. 1 Segment-based landform classification . 30 1.5. 2 Accuracy assessment . 33