Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Determination of malathion by homogeneous liquid-liquid micro extraction via flotation assistance combined with gas chromatography in water samples

A new preconcentration method termed, homogeneous liquid-liquid microextraction via flotation assistance (HLLME-FA) has been developed for the sensitive determination of Malathion in water samples. In this method, home-designed extraction cell was used for facile collection of organic solvent during the extraction procedure. The novel approach avoids the centrifugation step. In this extraction method, a mixture of toluene (extraction solvent) and acetone (homogeneous solvent) was added into a special vessel after addition of the sample solution. By using air flotation, the organic solvent was collected at the conical part of the designed cell. Parameters affecting the extraction efficiency such as type and volume of extraction and homogeneous solvents, ionic strength and extraction time were studied and optimized. The new method (HLLME-FA) provides detection limit of 0.1 µg L -1 and calibration graph was linear in the range of 1.0 - 200 µg L -1 . The results show that HLLME-FA is a suitable method for the determination of Malathion in water samples. KEY WORDS : Homogeneous liquid-liquid microextraction, Flotation assistance, Malathion, Gas chromatography, Water samples Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2019 , 33(1), 1-10 DOI: https://dx.doi. org/10.4314/bcse.v33i1. 1
Estudo da eletro-oxidação de moléculas orgânicas pequenas sobre multicamadas metálicas Ptpc/Rh/Pt e Ptpc/Ru/Pt utilizando FTIR in situ

STUDY OF THE ELECTRO-OXIDATION OF SMALL ORGANIC MOLECULES ON METALLIC MULTILAYERS Ptpc/Rh/ Pt AND Ptpc/Ru/Pt BY FTIR IN SITU. The modification of platinum-based electrodes for the efficiency optimization of the fuel cells has generated a great scientific interest, due to the problems associated with the poisoning of the catalytic surface. In addition, the use of renewable fuels is an important advantage for these systems by associating the high performance of the electric motors with the low emission of pollutants. In this way, the scientific community has studied numerous materials such as alloys and multilayer metallic structures (MM), and fuels as small organic molecules. In this work, Ptpc/M/Pt metallic multilayers were developed, in which rhodium or ruthenium was used as an intermediate layer, and their catalytic activities were investigated for the methanol and ethanol electrooxidation in acid medium. For this purpose, cyclic voltammetry (VC) and in situ infrared spectroscopy (in situ FTIR) were used. In addition, the behavior and catalytic activity of MM Ptpc/Rh/Pt for the methanol electro-oxidation in alkaline medium using VC was evaluated. In acid medium, the compositions Ptpc/Rh2,0/Pt1,0 and Ptpc/Ru5,0/Pt2,0 presented increases of 283% and 422%, respectively, in the peak current density compared to Ptpc for the methanol oxidation and 32% and 67%, respectively, for the ethanol electro-oxidation. Using FTIR in situ, the appearance of a band at ~ 2340 cm, attributed to CO2, which is the total oxidation product of the alcohols, was observed. In alkaline medium, Ptpc/Rh2,0/Pt1,0 had an increase in the current density of 70% compared to Ptpc. Therefore, the addition of rhodium and ruthenium as intermediate layers promoted an improvement in the catalytic activity compared to Ptpc, probably by altering the electronic configuration of the platinum or improving the bifunctional effect.
Performance enhancement of single-phase induction motor using GA based multi-objective Optimisation

ABSTRACT Single-phase induction motors (SPIMs) are commonly used in domestic and industrial applications because of their robustness, low power rating, and simple input power requirement. Due to their widespread application, the dynamic performance and efficiency at the operating point have become vital to ensure energy conservation. This paper is aimed to optimise both the dynamic performance and efficiency of SPIM for water pump application at rated speed. Multi-objective optimisation is performed by employing the genetic algorithm using a Maxwell-2D transient solver. The analysis presents the comparison between the optimised and basic motor designs while considering various manufacturing constraints. The study proposes a framework for performance enhancement of SPIM while verifying the optimal solution through sensitivity analysis. The obtained results show the high performance of optimised SPIM design with a 17% increase in efficiency compared to the basic motor.
Experimental animal models of drug-induced sensorineural hearing loss: a narrative review

Objective This narrative review describes experimental animal models of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) caused by ototoxic agents. Background SNHL primarily results from damage to the sensory organ within the inner ear or the vestibulocochlear nerve (cranial nerve VIII). The main etiology of SNHL includes genetic diseases, presbycusis, ototoxic agents, infection, and noise exposure. Animal models with functional and anatomic damage to the sensory organ within the inner ear or the vestibulocochlear nerve mimicking the damage seen in humans are employed to explore the mechanism and potential treatment of SNHL. These animal models of SNHL are commonly established using ototoxic agents. Methods A literature search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science was performed for research articles on hearing loss and ototoxic agents in animal models of hearing loss. Conclusions Common ototoxic medications such as aminoglycoside antibiotics (AABs) and platinum antitumor drugs are extensively used to induce SNHL in experimental animals. The effect of ototoxic agents in vivo is influenced by the chemical mechanisms of the ototoxic agents, the species of animal, routes of administration of the ototoxic agents, and the dosage of ototoxic agents. Animal models of drug-induced SNHL contribute to understanding the hearing mechanism and reveal the function of different parts of the auditory system in humans.
Bank Customer Churn Prediction Using Machine Learning

Banking is one of the highly competitive sectors where customer relations is of utmost importance for any bank. Each customer is considered as a customer for life by the banks. The term “Customer Churn” refers to the state in which the customer or the subscriber stops involving in business transactions with a company or a service provider. To deal with this, the paper presents the work done towards predicting the customer churn rate, using machine learning models which will indicate whether a customer will leave the bank or not based on many factors, this in turn will help the bank in knowing which category of customers generally tend to leave the bank. Further the banks can bring in exciting offers so that it can retain its customers. In this predictive process popular models such as logistic regression, decision trees, random forest and other boosting techniques have been used to achieve a decent level of accuracy, for the banks to rely upon.
Design and analysis of buffer and bufferless routing based NoC for high throughput and low latency communication on FPGA

Purpose The small area network for data communication within routers is suffering from storage of packet, throughput, latency and power consumption. There are a lot of solutions to increase speed of commutation and optimization of power consumption; one among them is Network-on-chip (NoC). In the literature, there are several NoCs which can reconfigurable dynamically and can easily test and validate the results on FPGA. But still, NoCs have limitations which are regarding chip area, reconfigurable time and throughput. Design/methodology/approach To address these limitations, this research proposes the dynamically buffered and bufferless reconfigurable NoC (DB2R NoC) using X-Y algorithm for routing, Torus for switching and Flexible Direction Order (FDOR) for direction finding between source and destination nodes. Thus, the 3 × 3 and 4 × 4 DB2R NoCs are made free from deadlock, low power and latency and high throughput. To prove the applicability and performance analysis of DB2R NoC for 3 × 3 and 4 × 4 routers on FPGA, the 22 bits for buffered and 19 bit for bufferless designs have been successfully synthesized using Verilog HDL and implemented on Artix-7 FPGA development bond. The virtual input/output chips cope pro tool has been incorporated in the design to verify and debug the complete design on Artix-7 FPGA. Findings In the obtained result, it has been found that 35% improvement in throughput, 23% improvement in latency and 47% optimization in area has been made. The complete design has been tested for 28 packets of injection rate 0.01; the packets have been generated by using NLFSR. Originality/value In the obtained result, it has been found that 35% improvement in throughput, 23% improvement in latency and 47% optimization in area has been made. The complete design has been tested for 28 packets of injection rate 0.01; the packets have been generated by using NLFSR.
Impact of the Drying Process on the Quality and Physicochemical and Mineral Composition of Baru Almonds (Dipteryx Alata Vog.) Impact of the Drying Process on Baru Almonds

ABSTRACT The present work aims to investigate the impact of different drying processes on baru almonds. It was found that the drying processes (65°C and 105°C for 30 min) did not change the physicochemical, mineral and quality composition of baru almonds (except moisture and acidity indexes that decreased and increased, respectively, the use of temperature of 105°C for 30 min). All treatments are sources of protein, fiber, lipids, boron, copper, manganese, iron, sulfur, calcium and magnesium. All treatments are below the maximum limits established by the inspection bodies for the presence of acidity and peroxides, indicating the quality of these products.
Highlights of Major Progress on Single-Atom Catalysis in 2017

Single-atom catalysis has rapidly progressed during the last few years. In 2017, single-atom catalysts (SACs) were fabricated with higher metal loadings and designed into more delicate structures. SACs also found wide applications in C1 chemical conversion, such as selective oxidation of methane and conversion of carbon dioxide. Both experimental characterizations and computational modeling revealed the presence of tunable interactions between single atom species and their surrounding chemical environment, and thus SACs may be more effective and more stable than their nanoparticle counterparts. In this mini-review, we summarize the major achievements of SACs into three main aspects: a) the advanced synthetic methodologies, b) catalytic performance in C1 chemistry, and c) strong metal-support interaction induced unexpected durability. These accomplishments will shed new light on the recognition of single-atom catalysis and encourage more efforts to explore potential applications of SACs.
Optimizing grape cluster exposure to increase desirable aroma compounds and decrease disease severity

By increasing fruit exposure to sunlight and influencing fruit development, leaf thinning in the fruit zone can improve grape quality and lower disease incidence; however, further investigations on the timing, varietal response and intensity are needed to optimize results and to better understand underlying physiologic responses. Fruit zone leaf thinning was applied at different timing and intensities to evaluate its effect on cluster health and fruit composition in Cabernet Sauvignon and Chardonnay. Treatments consisted of control (C), pre-bloom leaf thinning (PB) and two levels of fruit-set leaf thinning (three leaves, PF3 and six leaves, PF6). In an additional project on Cabernet Sauvignon, two levels of hedging (17 node, NH and 12 node, H) were integrated with no leaf thinning (L) and fruit set leaf thinning (LR, three leaves). All leaf thinning treatments consistently reduced disease incidence compared to control vines in both varieties, with the reduction extent varying between 2017 and 2018. Yield was not negatively affected by leaf thinning treatments, even though PB reduced cluster compactness by decreasing the number of berries per cluster of Chardonnay in 2017. Control vines tended to have greater titratable acidity than defoliated vines, while Brix and pH responses varied between seasons. No direct positive correlation was found between sunlight exposure and norisoprenoids concentration. Post fruit set leaf thinning PF6 consistently increase free norisoprenoids at harvest, while prebloom defoliation never did. Heterogeneous responses were observed for bound and total norisoprenoids. In Cabernet Sauvignon free, bound and total 1,1,6-trimethyl-1,2dihydronaphtalene (TDN) was consistently increased by PF3. Hedging negatively influenced Brix and anthocyanins accumulation in 2017, and increased free norisoprenoids while decreasing the bound and total fraction. Results revealed that a high level of stress possiblt caused by excess sunlight and/or reduced photosynthesis might negatively affect norisoprenoids glycosylation. Optimizing grape cluster exposure to increase desirable aroma compounds and decrease disease severity
Development of a high flow rate aerodynamic lens system for inclusion of nanoparticles into growing PVD films to form nanocomposite thin films

Abstract Hard coatings for wear protection of tools, bearings, and sliding parts play an important role in industrial manufacturing. Nanocomposite coatings are being used in this context to improve the mechanical properties. The technology applied therefore is often based on physical vapor deposition (PVD), in which the different materials are co-deposited. In these processes it is not possible to control the properties of the disperse phase and continuous phase independently. Here, we present a technology which combines aerosol technology with thin film technology to produce nanocomposite coatings directly, which gives us full control over both phases. It is based on an upscaled three-stage aerodynamic lens, which allows to bring nanoparticles from an atmospheric-pressure aerosol reactor into a PVD vacuum chamber operating at low pressure (2 Pa). This requires the use of a higher mass flow rate than conventionally used in aerodynamic lenses, so that a rational upscaling strategy for designing an aerodynamic lens for larger mass flow rates is proposed. Here, an array consisting of eight parallel three-stage aerodynamic lenses having each a mass flow rate of 0.6 slm using argon and 0.71 slm using nitrogen is built and optimized, assisted by CFD and numerical trajectory analysis. The transfer efficiency has been investigated numerically and experimentally. It is possible to transfer 80% of the particles with only 1.3% of the gas into the deposition chamber. A number of coatings consisting of titanium carbonitride nanoparticles embedded in a PVD chromium oxynitride film with varying nanoparticle content were produced. Electron microscopy shows the successful incorporation of the nanoparticles in the thin film. A reduction in film crystallite size with increasing nanoparticle content was found. A reverse Hall–Petch behavior was observed. Copyright © 2019 American Association for Aerosol Research
Construction of Event Knowledge Graph based on Semantic Analysis

: At present, the research and application of enterprise credit event information mainly takes the data of enterprise credit events as a dimension of enterprise credit evaluation, and lacks in-depth analysis and mining of the content of special events. On the basis of sorting out the connotation of enterprise credit events, the article firstly proposes a model with evolutionary features, network structured features and unstructured features of text data for the knowledge graph of enterprise credit events; then, the events in enterprise credit events are extracted in the form of case study, the named entities and dependency relationships in the text statements are analyzed, and the events with subject-predicate object relationship as the main form are extracted; secondly, the statements are analyzed. Finally, the extracted events and relationships are matched to form a knowledge graph of corporate credit events. The study applies the mapping research method to the field of corporate credit event research, and realizes the process analysis of the evolution of corporate credit events using knowledge graph.
Humidity Sustained Wearable Pouch‐Type Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Harvesting Mechanical Energy from Human Activities

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are gaining much research interest recently owing to their facile and cost‐effective device structure. However, the effect of relative humidity (in moisture atmosphere) on the output performance still needs to be resolved. Herein, a pouch‐type TENG is proposed to significantly reduce the effect of relative humidity on its electrical output and a stable performance is also attained in a humid environment. In this regard, a dielectric and dielectric materials‐based TENG (DD‐TENG) is first developed using nanoarchitecture polydimethylsiloxane (NA‐PDMS) and multiwalled carbon nanotube/nylon composite layers as a triboelectric material with the negative and positive tendencies, respectively. The NA‐PDMS and nylon composite layers play a key role in increasing the surface contact area and surface charge density between the dielectric/triboelectric materials as well as the output performance of DD‐TENG. However, the DD‐TENG device exhibits a stable and high output performance with the effective output power density of ≈25.35 W m−2. Additionally, the performance of the pouch‐type DD‐TENG device is not almost affected even though the relative humidity is increased from 35 to 81%, while it is dramatically decreased for the nonpouch‐type device. Finally, the pouch‐type DD‐TENG is employed as a wearable device to effectively harvest the mechanical energy from daily human activities.
Bill Gates Conspiracy Theories as Ideology in the Context of the COVID-19 Crisis

The findings show that and how COVID-19 conspiracy theories construct the existence of a secret elite that dominates the world, use ideological strategies such as the personalisation of domination, the friend/enemy scheme, rational irrationality and logical determinism. COVID-19 conspiracy theories are a necrophilic ideology, an ideology of death that advances death and increases the number of deaths. This pandemic ideology tries to convince humans that vaccines are harmful and that COVID-19 is a hoax, whereby human misery is advanced. COVID-19 conspiracy theories are to a large degree a right-wing ideology.
A Pulse-and-Glide-driven Adaptive Cruise Control System for Electric Vehicle

— As the adaptive cruise control system (ACCS) on vehicles is well-developed today, vehicle manufacturers have increasingly employed this technology in new-generation intelligent vehicles. Pulse-and-glide (PnG) strategy is an efficacious driving strategy to diminish fuel consumption in traditional oil-fueled vehicles. However, current studies rarely focus on the verification of the energy-saving effect of PnG on an electric vehicle (EV) and embedding PnG in ACCS. This paper proposes a pulse-and-glide-driven adaptive cruise control system (PGACCS) model which leverages PnG strategy as a parallel function with cruise control (CC) and verifies that PnG is an efficacious energy-saving strategy on EV by optimizing the energy cost of the PnG operation using Intelligent Genetic Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization (IGPSO). This paper builds up a simulation model of an EV with regenerative braking and ACCS based on which the performance of PGACCS and regenerative braking is evaluated; the PnG energy performance is optimized and the effect of regenerative braking on PnG energy performance is evaluated. As a result of PnG optimization, the PnG operation in the PGACCS could cut down 28.3% energy cost of the EV compared to the CC operation in the traditional ACCS which verifies that PnG is an effective energy-saving strategy for EV and PGACCS is a promising option for EV.
The importance of interdisciplinary frameworks in social media mining: An exploratory approach between Computational Informatics and Social Network Analysis (SNA)

Abstract Social media content is one of the most visible sources of big data and is often used in health studies to draw inferences about various behaviors. Though much can be gleaned from social media data and mining, the approaches used to collect and analyze data are generally strengthened when examined through established theoretical frameworks. Health behavior, a theory driven field, encourages interdisciplinary collaboration across fields and theories to help us draw robust conclusions about phenomena. This pilot study uses a combined computer informatics and SNA approach to analyze information spread about mask-wearing as a personal mitigation effort during the COVID-19 pandemic. We analyzed one week’s worth of Twitter data (n = 10,107 tweets across 4,289 users) by using at least one of four popular mask-support hashtags (e.g., #maskup). We calculated network-measures to assess structures and patterns present within the Twitter network, and used exponential random graph modeling (ERGM) to test factors related to the presence of retweets between users. The pro-mask Twitter network was largely fragmented, with a select few nodes occupying the most influential positions in the network. Verified accounts, accounts with more followers, and those who generated more tweets were more likely to be retweeted. Contrarily, verified accounts and those with more followers were less likely to retweet others. SNA revealed patterns and structures theoretically important to how information spreads across Twitter. We demonstrated the utility of an interdisciplinary collaboration between computer informatics and SNA to draw conclusions from social media data.
Radiation Feedback Accelerates the Formation of Typhoon Haiyan (2013): The Critical Role of Mid‐Level Circulation

The prediction of tropical cyclones (TC) genesis remains a great challenge. This study shows that the radiation (mostly cloud‐radiation) feedback accelerates the formation of Typhoon Haiyan (2013) by first enhancing the mid‐level circulation. Simulations indicate that the response of the mid‐level circulation is about one day ahead of the low‐level circulation when radiation feedback is removed. The radiation‐heating anomaly in the disturbance region induces a secondary circulation transporting more water vapor upward at high levels. Thus, the stratiform precipitation is enhanced, manifested as the expansion of the stratiform coverage and the increase of the vertical gradient of latent heating. This leads to a stronger mid‐level potential vorticity production and enhancement of the mid‐level circulation, finally promoting TC genesis. Comparing with previous ideas on how radiation feedback accelerates TC genesis, our results emphasize the critical role of the mid‐level circulation and the cloud‐radiation‐induced thermodynamical and dynamic responses in the vertical.