Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multiparameter Estimation-Based Sensorless Adaptive Direct Voltage MTPA Control for IPMSM Using Fuzzy Logic MRAS

This paper introduces a parameter-estimation-based sensorless adaptive direct voltage maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) control strategy for interior permanent magnet synchronous machines (IPMSMs). In direct voltage control, the motor’s electrical parameters, speed, and rotor position are of great significance. Thus, any mismatch in these parameters or failure to acquire accurate speed or position information leads to a significant deviation in the MTPA trajectory, causing high current consumption and hence affecting the performance of the entire control system. In view of this problem, a fuzzy logic control-based cascaded model reference adaptive system (FLC-MRAS) is introduced to mitigate the effect of parameter variation on the tracking of the MTPA trajectory and to provide precise information about the rotor speed and position. The cascaded scheme consists of two parallel FLC-MRAS for speed and multiparameter estimation. The first MRAS is utilized to estimate motor speed and rotor position to achieve robust sensorless control. However, the speed estimator is highly dependent on time-varying motor parameters. Therefore, the second MRAS is designed to identify the quadratic inductance and permanent magnet flux and continuously update both the speed estimator and control scheme with the identified values to ensure accurate speed estimation and real-time MTPA trajectory tracking. Unlike conventional MRAS, which uses linear proportional-integral controllers (PI-MRAS), an FLC is adopted to replace the PI controllers, ensuring high estimation accuracy and enhancing the robustness of the control system against sudden changes in working conditions. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is evaluated under different speed and torque conditions. Furthermore, a comparison against the conventional PI-MRAS is extensively investigated to highlight the superiority of the proposed scheme. The evaluation results and our quantitative assessment show the ability of the designed strategy to achieve high estimation accuracy, less oscillation, and a faster convergence rate under different working conditions. The quantitative assessment reveals that the FLC-MRAS can improve the estimation accuracy of speed, permanent magnet flux, and quadratic inductance by 19%, 55.8% and 44.55%, respectively.
Flexible Antenna Design for Wearable Telemedicine Applications

In this article, an antenna design is presented based on three horizontally staggered microstrip lines for wearable telemedicine devices. The antenna is excited through a 50-ohm microstrip line. The proposed antenna was fabricated using conductive copper tape of 35μm thickness and printed on a flexible photo paper suitable for telemedicine applications. The proposed antenna has physical dimensions of 40 × 35 ×0.635 mm3. It was designed to operate at the ISM band 2.45 GHz. The proposed antenna design was simulated and optimized using Computer Simulation Technology of Microwave Studio software (CSTMWS). The design of the antenna was then validated through measurement. The results show good agreement between the simulated and measured results. The proposed antenna's performance is evaluated in terms of radiation efficiency, radiation patterns, and return loss. The results confirm the antenna described here is suitable for wearable wireless electronic devices.
The Metabolic Capability and Phylogenetic Diversity of Mono Lake During a Bloom of the Eukaryotic Phototroph Picocystis strain ML

Algal blooms in lakes are often associated with anthropogenic eutrophication; however, they can occur naturally. In Spring of 2016 Mono Lake, a hyperalkaline lake in California, was near the height of a rare bloom of the algae Picocystis strain ML and at the apex of a multi-year long drought. These conditions presented a unique sampling opportunity to investigate microbiological dynamics during an intense natural bloom. We conducted a comprehensive molecular analysis along a depth transect near the center of the lake from surface to 25 m depth during June 2016. Across sampled depths, rRNA gene sequencing revealed that Picocystis associated chloroplast were found at 40-50 % relative abundance, greater than values recorded previously. Despite the presence of the photosynthetic oxygenic algal genus Picocystis, oxygen declined below detectible limits below 15 m depth, corresponding with an increase in microorganisms known to be anaerobic. In contrast to previously sampled years, metagenomic and metatranscriptomic data suggested a loss of sulfate reducing microorganisms throughout the lake’s water column. Gene transcripts associated with Photosystem I and II were expressed at both 2 m and 25 m, suggesting that limited oxygen production may occur at extremely low light levels at depth within the lake. Oxygenic photosynthesis under low light conditions, in the absence of potential grazing by the brine shrimp Artemia, may allow for a cryptic redox cycle to occur in an otherwise anoxic setting at depth in the lake with the following effects: enhanced productivity, reduced grazing pressure on Picocystis, and an exacerbation of bloom. IMPORTANCE Mono Lake, California provides habitat to a unique ecological community that is heavily stressed due to recent human water diversions and a period of extended drought. To date, no baseline information exists about Mono Lake to understand how the microbial community responds to drought, bloom, and what genetic functions are lost in the water column. While previously identified anaerobic members of the microbial community disappear from the water column during drought and bloom, sediment samples suggest these microorganisms seek refuge at lake bottom or in the subsurface. Thus, the sediments may represent a type of seed bank which could restore the microbial community as a bloom subsides. Our work also sheds light on the activity of the halotolerant algae Picocystis strain ML during a bloom at Mono Lake, its ability to potentially produce oxygen via photosynthesis even under extreme low-light conditions, and how the remainder of the microbial community responds.
Human dimensions of dog-wildlife interactions

© Oxford University Press 2014. Published 2014 by Oxford University Press. et al., 2000 ). Manfredo and Dayer ( 2004 ) suggest that “despite the diversity of situations and species that spawn HWC, there is one common thread: the thoughts and actions of humans ultimately determine the course and resolution of the confl ict. ” Thus, from a wildlife conservation perspective, understanding the human dimensions of HWC is critical. The fi rst step in understanding the human dimensions of dog–wildlife interactions is to clearly defi ne the nature of the interaction. In this case, the interactions can be positive or negative depending on the subject (human, dog, or wild animal), and are varied and complex ( Table 12.1 ). The focus of this chapter is on the intersection between humans, dogs, and wildlife and their interactions, and includes their sometimes competing interests. Since the 1960s, it has been widely acknowledged that it is necessary to investigate the human dimensions of wildlife management issues and problems. Environmental and wildlife management issues almost always arise because of competing human interests and values. If these are not well understood, even the best ecological and biological science may not provide adequate solutions. The fi eld of human dimensions has been defi ned as “how people value wildlife, how they want wildlife to be managed, and how they affect or are affected by wildlife management decisions” ( Decker et al., 2001 , p. 3), and is concerned with improving representation in decision-making and with infl uencing policy and management outcomes ( Loker et al., 1998 ). Human dimensions research is important because, too often, wildlife management decisions 12.
Leaching of Metals from High Carbon Fly Ash Mixed Soils

Fly ash produced by power plants in the United States occasionally contains significant amounts of unburned carbon due to the use of low nitrogen-oxide and sulphur-oxide burners in recent years. This ash cannot be reused in concrete production due to its reactivity with air entrainment admixtures and is largely placed in landfills. Highway structures have high potential for large volume use of high carbon fly ashes (HCFAs). However, in such applications, even though mechanical properties of the fly ash-amended highway base layers and embankments are deemed satisfactory, one key issue that precludes highway embankments built with fly ash is the potential for groundwater impacts caused by metals in the fly ash. This study was conducted to evaluate the leaching potential of metals from high carbon fly ash stabilized highway base layers and high carbon fly ash amended highway embankment structures. Three different laboratory tests: (1) batch water leach tests, (2) toxicity characteristics leaching procedure tests, (3) column leach test and two different numerical modeling analyses: (1) WiscLEACH, (2) MINTEQA2, were carried out. Analysis were conducted on eight fly ashes and two locally available sandy soil materials that are mainly used in highway base layer and highway embankment structures. Laboratory test results indicated that an increase in fly ash content in the soil fly ash mixtures yielded an increase in leached metal concentrations except Zn metal. The pHs had significant and different impacts on the leaching of metals. The leaching of Cr, Zn, Al, As and Se were increasing with pH while leaching of Ba, B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Sb, V were decreasing. Numerical model WiscLEACH was used to simulate the leaching behavior of leached metals from HCFA stabilized highway base layers and amended highway embankment structures. WiscLEACH predicted field metal concentrations were significantly lower than the metal concentrations obtained in laboratory leaching tests, and field concentrations decreased with time and distance due to dispersion in soil vadose zone. Numerical model MINTEQA2 predicted that leaching of metals were solubility controlled except As, Se and Sb metals. Speciation analyses indicated that leached metals were present at their less or non-toxic forms.
A Grammar of Hinuq

This is the first thorough description of the Nakh-Daghestanian language Hinuq. Hinuq has about 600 speakers living primarily in a single village in the Caucasus mountains in southern Russia (Daghestan). During several fieldwork trips, the author collected an extensive corpus of texts. Based on the data, Forker provides a comprehensive analysis of Hinuq grammar with reference to other Nakh-Daghestanian languages, to Caucasian studies and to typological and general linguistic topics.
The Viscoelastic and Hygroscopicity Behavior of Delignified and Densified Poplar Wood

The combination of alkaline delignification and densification was applied to improve wood mechanical strength. Poplar wood samples were subjected to alkali delignification with varying degrees of lignin and hemicellulose removal followed by hot pressing. Dynamic mechanical performances and dynamic sorption behavior of the untreated and densified wood were then evaluated. Results showed that appropriate removal of lignin can improve the stiffness of densified wood and reduce moisture sorption and the numbers of sorption sites. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microscopy along with X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to explain the viscoelastic and hygroscopicity of delignified and densified wood. Hemicelluloses and lignin were selectively dissolved during alkali treatment. Wood crystallinity was increased after alkali treatment at a moderate concentration of 2%, beneficial to improving the dimensional stability and mechanical performance of delignified and densified wood. The crosslinking of cellulose chains through hydrogen bonding, the decreased content of free hydroxyl groups, and the increased crystallinity in the cell wall contributed to higher storage modulus and lower hydrophilicity. The results support mild delignification and densification as a feasible way towards extending the service life of wood products used as structural materials.
Population pharmacokinetics of artesunate and dihydroartemisinin in pregnant and non-pregnant women with uncomplicated malaria in Burkina Faso : Plasmodium falciparum an open label trial

Malaria during pregnancy is a major health risk for both the Background mother and the foetus. Pregnancy has been shown to influence the pharmacokinetics of a number of different antimalarial drugs. This might lead to an under-exposure in these patients which could increase the risk of treatment failure and the development of drug resistance. The study aim was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of artesunate and dihydroartemisinin in pregnant and non-pregnant patients using a population modelling approach. : Twenty-four women in their second and third trimester of pregnancy Methods and twenty-four paired non-pregnant women, all with uncomplicated P. malaria, were enrolled in this study. Treatment was a fixed-dose falciparum combination of oral artesunate and mefloquine once daily for three days. Frequent blood samples were collected and concentration-time data for artesunate and dihydroartemisinin were analysed simultaneously using nonlinear mixed-effects modelling. : Artesunate pharmacokinetics was best described by a Results transit-compartment absorption model followed by a one-compartment disposition model under the assumption of complete conversion of in vivo artesunate into dihydroartemisinin. Dihydroartemisinin pharmacokinetics was best described by a one-compartment disposition model with first-order elimination. Pregnant women had a 21% higher elimination clearance of 1 2,3 2,3
Curative surgery for multiple hepatocellular carcinomas after lenvatinib plus transarterial chemoembolization: a case report

Abstract Surgical therapy following lenvatinib (LEN) plus transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is a useful therapeutic option for intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A 66-year-old man with a history of hepatitis C was detected four masses in the caudate lobe and segment 6/7 of the liver, with a maximum lesion diameter of 14 cm by computed tomography. The patient was diagnosed with intermediate-stage HCC and received LEN plus TACE. After resuming LEN for 8 weeks, computed tomography showed weakened stained areas of the tumors, and no new lesions. Thus, the patient was evaluated as having a partial response in the modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors. The patient underwent hepatic caudate lobectomy, partial hepatectomy of S6/7, and S6 microwave coagulation therapy for radical resection. The patient is currently alive and recurrence-free at 12 months postoperatively. In patients with multiple HCC lesions, hepatic resection combined with local therapy might be an effective treatment option.
Clinical, radiological and pathological features of temporomesial tumors in the adult. A single center experience from 15 years

Introduction The mesial temporal lobe plays a distinct role in epileptogenesis, and tumors in this part of the brain potentially have specific clinical and radiological features. Differentiating high-grade from lower-grade tumors or non-neoplastic lesions can be challenging, preventing the decision for early resection that can be critical in high-grade tumors. Methods A brain tumor database was analyzed retrospectively to identify patients with temporomesial tumors. We determined clinical features (age, sex, symptoms leading to clinical presentation) as well as neuroradiological (tumor location and the presence of contrast enhancement on initial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)) and neuropathological findings. Results We identified 324 temporal tumors. 39 involved the mesial temporal lobe. 77% of temporomesial tumors occured in males, and 77% presented with seizures, regardless of tumor type or grade. In patients 50 years or older, 90% were male and 80% had glioblastoma (GBM); there was no GBM in patients younger than 50 years. 50% of GBMs lacked contrast enhancement. Male sex was significantly associated with GBM. In both contrast-enhancing and non-enhancing tumors, age of 50 years or older was also significantly associated with GBM. Conclusion In middle-aged and older patients with a mesial temporal lobe tumor, GBM is the most likely diagnosis even when there is no MRI contrast enhancement. Prolonged diagnostic workup or surveillance strategies should be avoided and early resection may be justified in these patients.
Towards One-Shot Learning for Text Classification using Inductive Logic Programming

With the ever-increasing potential of AI to perform personalised tasks, it is becoming essential to develop new machine learning techniques which are data-efficient and do not require hundreds or thousands of training data. In this paper, we explore an Inductive Logic Programming approach for one-shot text classification. In particular, we explore the framework of Meta-Interpretive Learning (MIL), along with using common-sense background knowledge extracted from ConceptNet. Results indicate that MIL can learn text classification rules from a small number of training examples. Moreover, the higher complexity of chosen examples, the higher accuracy of the outcome.
Multiscale Modeling and Data-Driven Approaches for Energy Efficiency Prediction in Computing

The growing demand for sustainable computing has spurred research efforts to develop energy-efficient computing materials. This study explores multiscale modeling and data-driven approaches for energy efficiency prediction in computing materials, aiming to advance sustainable computing practices. Multiscale modeling allows for a comprehensive analysis of material properties and behavior across different lengths and time scales, enabling a deeper understanding of energy consumption mechanisms. Data-driven approaches use machine learning algorithms to model and predict energy efficiency based on empirical data. The study begins by addressing the challenges associated with performance prediction for sustainable computing materials, highlighting the limitations of traditional modeling techniques. It then analyzes the methodologies of multiscale modeling, which encompass atomistic simulations, mesoscale modeling, and continuum-level simulations. These modeling approaches facilitate a holistic understanding of the relationships between material structure, properties, and energy consumption. Next, the study explores the application of data-driven approaches, such as support vector machines (SVM), Gaussian processes, and neural networks, for energy efficiency prediction. The research work provides a step-by-step algorithmic explanation of SVM, emphasizing its suitability for energy efficiency prediction and its advantages in terms of accuracy and interpretability. In conclusion, it underscores the importance of integrating multiscale modeling and data-driven approaches to address the challenges of energy efficiency prediction in computing materials. By combining computational modeling, experimental data, and machine learning algorithms, the study can better understand energy consumption mechanisms and drive advancements in sustainable computing.
Didactique comparée et formation professionnelle initiale: une perspective interactionnelle sur l'usage des instruments de travail

Cette contribution s’ancre dans le champ de la recherche en formation professionnelle initiale. Elle s’interesse a la maniere dont des jeunes issus de la scolarite obligatoire apprennent a utiliser des outils dans des activites de travail en entreprise. Elle vise a mieux comprendre le role des collectifs de travail dans cette rencontre des apprentis avec les instruments de leur activite : comment les experts amenagentils (ou pas) l’activite des novices autour de l’usage des instruments ? Comment mediatisent-ils leurs rapports a ces instruments ? En quoi ces mediations prennent-elles des formes didactisees ? Pour repondre a ces questions, cette contribution adopte une double approche comparatiste. Sur le plan empirique, elle propose une analyse de trois situations de formation fortement contrastees observees dans deux entreprises formatrices distinctes. Et sur le plan epistemologique ou theorique, elle contribue a questionner les apports des didactiques disciplinaires et de la linguistique appliquee au champ de la recherche en formation professionnelle.
Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Spirodela polyrhiza (L.) SCHLEID. Extract on Contact Dermatitis in Mice—Its Active Compounds and Molecular Targets

Spirodela polyrhiza (L.) SCHLEID. has been used to treat epidemic fever, dysuria, and various skin ailments, such as measles eruptions, eczema, and pruritus, in China, Japan, and Korea. In this study, the active compounds in S. polyrhiza and their target genes were identified by network-based analysis. Moreover, the study evaluated the effects of a 70% ethanolic extract of S. polyrhiza (EESP) on skin lesions, histopathological changes, inflammatory cytokines, and chemokines in mice with contact dermatitis (CD) induced by 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNFB), and examined the inhibitory effects of EESP on mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling pathways. In our results, 14 active compounds and 29 CD-related target genes were identified. Among them, tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) were identified as hub genes, and luteolin and apigenin showed a strong binding affinity with TNF (<−8 kcal/mol) and IL-6 (<−6 kcal/mol). Our in vivo studies showed that topical EESP ameliorated DNFB-induced skin lesions and histopathological abnormalities, and reduced the levels of TNF-α, interferon (IFN)-ɣ, IL-6, and monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 in inflamed tissues. In conclusion, our findings suggest the potential for dermatological applications of S. polyrhiza and suggest that its anti-dermatitis action is related to the inhibition of TNF and IL-6 by luteolin and luteolin glycosides.
Development of an Innovative Colorimetric DNA Biosensor Based on Sugar Measurement

The development of biosensors for target detection plays a crucial role in advancing various fields of bioscience. This work presents the development of a genosensor that exploits the colorimetric phenol—sulfuric acid sugar reaction for the detection of DNA, and RNA as specific targets, and DNA intercalator molecules. The biosensor combines simplicity and reliability to create a novel bioassay for accurate and rapid analysis. A 96-well microplate based on a polystyrene polymer was used as the platform for an unmodified capture DNA immobilization via a silanization process and with (3-Aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES). After that, a hybridization step was carried out to catch the target molecule, followed by adding phenol and sulfuric acid to quantify the amount of DNA or RNA sugar backbone. This reaction generated a yellow-orange color on the wells measured at 490 nm, which was proportional to the target concentration. Under the optimum conditions, a calibration curve was obtained for each target. The developed biosensor demonstrated high sensitivity, good selectivity, and linear response over a wide concentration range for DNA and RNA targets. Additionally, the biosensor was successfully employed for the detection of DNA intercalator agents that inhibited the hybridization of DNA complementary to the immobilized capture DNA. The developed biosensor offers a potential tool for sensitive and selective detection in various applications, including virus diagnosis, genetic analysis, pathogenic bacteria monitoring, and drug discovery.