Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Solubility, viscosity, boundary lubrication and miscibility of CO2 and synthetic lubricants

Une condition majeure des lubrifiants pour compresseur est qu'ils pourvoient un graissage efficace hydrodymanique, en limite, ou combine des supports de compresseur. Cette condition est un grand defi parce que: ○ Les configurations des supports de compresseur comprennent beaucoup de formes et de tailles ○ Les compresseurs frigorifiques sont destines a operer pour toujours sans changement ○ Les forces sur les supports varient et peuvent etre extremement elevees ○ Le film d'huile est souvent derange par le flooding du refrigerant ○ Le film d'huile peut etre rompu par l'evaporation du refrigerant dissou ○ La dilution des lubrifiants par le refrigerant dissou reduit considerablement la viscosite des lubrifiants purs ○ Les effects chimiques causes par la presence du refrigerant dissou peuvent etre signifiants et doivent etre pris en compte En plus, les considerations secondaires, selon le dessein du compresseur, comprennent le scellement des clairieres et l'aide dans l'enlevement de la chaleur du compresseur. Les donnees experimentales, telles que la solubilite, lubricite et miscibilite des melanges de lubrifiants et refrigerants, sont necessaires dans le choix d'un lubrifiant efficace. Le chapitre sur les Lubrifiants pour les Systemes Frigorifiques dans le Manuel d'ASHRAE donne une discussion des proprietes des melanges frigorifiques. Dans cette etude, la solubilite, lubricite et miscibilite de C02 avec plusieurs lubrifiants synthetiques ont ete mesurees. La pressure de vapeur du melange de C02 et lubrifiant donne une mesure de la solubilite. La viscosite des melanges liquides se rapporte a la lubricite. Les mesures de Falex sont une indication des changes tribologiques et du graissage en limite, et les etudes des tubes de verres scelles sont utilisees dans la determination de la miscibilite.
A Survey of Rotation Invariant Texture Classification Methods

In this survey, the advances in rotation invariant texture classification techniques are discussed. The overall evolution of this niche from nascent to reasonably mature field is studied. It is very difficult to include all the works in such a paper; an attempt is made to include representative works of major methods. Markov Random Field based schemes are computationally involved. Methods based on wavelet and multichannel filtering are used for rotation invariant texture classification. Visual information retrieval system requires a robust and computationally less involved rotation invariant texture features. This area would be pursued vigorously in near future.
Neurogenic dry eye associated with intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF agents

Purpose To report a case of neurogenic dry eye (NDE) that developed after intravitreal ranibizumab injection (IVR). Case report A 71-year-old woman had a history of cataract phacoemulsification and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation, Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy and femtosecond laser-assisted laser in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK). Aneurysmal dilatation of the inferior temporal retina was found in the left fundus, which was diagnosed as retinal aneurysm, and intravitreal ranibizumab injection was administered. Dry eye was found in the left eye after the first injection. After the second injection, the patient developed severe dry eye with left eye dryness, photophobia, irritation, and blurred vision. The tear film breakup time (TBUT) value was 3 s, the Schirmer test value was 2 mm/5 min, corneal fluorescein staining (CFS) showed diffuse patellar staining of the corneal epithelium with a staining area of >50% and irregular staining at the edge of the corneal flap, and the corneal touch threshold value in the filament length was 1.5 cm in the left eye. Conclusions Patients with a history of intraocular lens implantation, Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy, and femtosecond laser-assisted laser in situ keratomileusis surgery may have increased drug permeability due to an increased concentration of anti-VEGF drugs in the aqueous layer and thinning of the stromal layer of the cornea. The corneal subepithelial nerve repair mechanism was destroyed, causing neurogenic dry eye.
Nonsmooth stabilization of an underactuated unstable two degrees of freedom mechanical system

This paper studies a specific mechanical example that is representative of a class of underactuated, weakly coupled, unstable mechanical systems that are exceptionally difficult to stabilize. In particular, systems in this class are not stabilizable using static smooth feedback but are stabilizable using nonsmooth feedback. Although similar purely theoretical developments have been previously presented, we emphasize the physical basis and physical implications of the theoretical conclusions in the context of a specific example. The development in this paper is limited to a specific physical example, but the approach is applicable to a wide class of underactuated, weakly coupled, unstable mechanical systems.
Survival of Salmonella Typhimurium in the hemolymph of the German cockroach vector is limited by both humoral immune factors and hemocytes but not by trehalose metabolism

The German cockroach (Blattella germanica) has been linked to transmission of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S.Typhimurium), but infection dynamics within this vector are poorly characterized. Our recent work has focused on S.Typhimurium infection in the cockroach gut. However, microbial dissemination to the hemolymph is an essential aspect of many vector-borne pathogen transmission cycles and could potentially contribute to S.Typhimurium colonization of cockroaches.Therefore, the goal of this study was to examine the ability of S.Typhimurium to disseminate, survive, and proliferate in the hemolymph of cockroaches after oral infection.We detected only low numbers of bacteria in the hemolymph of a minority of insects (∼26%) after oral infection. Further, S.Typhimurium was unable to survive overnight in cell-free hemolymph. Several hypotheses to explain the inability of S.Typhimurium to colonize hemolymph were tested. First, we investigated the ability of S.Typhimurium to metabolize trehalose, the primary sugar in hemolymph. S.Typhimurium grew efficiently in vitro using trehalose as a sole carbon source and mutant strains lacking trehalose metabolism genes exhibited no growth deficiencies in media mimicking the composition of hemolymph, suggesting that trehalose metabolism ability is not a factor involved in restricting survival in hemolymph. On the other hand, heat-inactivated cell-free hemolymph was permissive of S. Typhimurium growth, demonstrating that survival in hemolymph is limited specifically by heat-labile humoral factors.The involvement of cellular immune responses was also investigated and cockroach hemocytes in culture were observed to internalize S. Typhimurium within 1 h of exposure. Most hemocytes harbored few to no bacteria after 24 h, indicating that hemocyte responses are additionally involved in clearing infection from the hemolymph. However, dense intracellular clusters of S. Typhimurium were observed sporadically, suggesting a small subset of hemocytes may serve as reservoirs for bacterial replication.Together, our results reveal that a minute proportion of ingested S.Typhimurium is able to escape the cockroach gut and enter the hemolymph, but this systemic population is limited by both humoral effectors and hemocytes.Thus, we conclude that invasion of the hemolymph appears minimally important for colonization of the cockroach vector and that colonization of the gut is the main driver of vector-borne transmission. Our insight into the antimicrobial mechanisms of cockroach hemolymph also highlights the strong ability of these prevalent pests/vectors to cope with frequent infectious challenges in septic habitats.
Intraoperative Methadone in Next-day Discharge Outpatient Surgery: A Randomized, Double-blinded, Dose-finding Pilot Study

Background: Contemporary perioperative practice seeks to use less intraoperative opioid, diminish postoperative pain and opioid use, and enable less postdischarge opioid prescribing. For inpatient surgery, anesthesia with intraoperative methadone, compared with short-duration opioids, results in less pain, less postoperative opioid use, and greater patient satisfaction. This pilot investigation aimed to determine single-dose intraoperative methadone feasibility for next-day discharge outpatient surgery, determine an optimally analgesic and well-tolerated dose, and explore whether methadone would result in less postoperative opioid use compared with conventional short-duration opioids. Methods: This double-blind, randomized, dose-escalation feasibility and pilot study in next-day discharge surgery compared intraoperative single-dose IV methadone (0.1 then 0.2, 0.25 and 0.3 mg/kg ideal body weight) versus as-needed short-duration opioid (fentanyl, hydromorphone) controls. Perioperative opioid use, pain, and side effects were assessed before discharge. Patients recorded pain, opioid use, and side effects for 30 days postoperatively using take-home diaries. Primary clinical outcome was in-hospital (intraoperative and postoperative) opioid use. Secondary outcomes were 30-day opioid consumption, pain, opioid side effects, and leftover opioid counts. Results: Median (interquartile range) intraoperative methadone doses were 6 (5 to 7), 11 (10 to 12), 14 (13 to 16), and 18 (15 to 19) mg in 0.1, 0.2, 0.25, and 0.3 mg/kg ideal body weight groups, respectively. Anesthesia with single-dose methadone and propofol or volatile anesthetic was effective. Total in-hospital opioid use (IV milligram morphine equivalents [MME]) was 25 (20 to 37), 20 (13 to 30), 27 (18 to 32), and 25 (20 to 36) mg, respectively, in patients receiving 0.1, 0.2, 0.25 and 0.3 mg/kg methadone, compared to 46 (33 to 59) mg in short-duration opioid controls. Opioid-related side effects were not numerically different. Home pain and opioid use were numerically lower in patients receiving methadone. Conclusions: The most effective and well-tolerated single intraoperative induction dose of methadone for next-day discharge surgery was 0.25 mg/kg ideal body weight (median, 14 mg). Single-dose intraoperative methadone was analgesic and opioid-sparing in next-day discharge outpatient surgery. A randomized, double-blind, dose-escalation study was conducted to determine the feasibility of single-dose intraoperative methadone for next-day discharge outpatient surgery, identify an optimally analgesic and well-tolerated dose, and explore whether it would result in less postoperative opioid use than shorter-acting opioids. Anesthesia with single-dose methadone was both feasible and effective for next-day discharge outpatient surgery. The intraoperative methadone dose that best combined opioid sparing, analgesia, minimal adverse events, and advantages compared with shorter-acting opioids was 0.25 mg/kg ideal body weight (median, 14 mg).
Cognitive, behavioral, and brain functional connectivity correlates of fatigue in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Fatigue is defined as a symptom of exhaustion unexplained by drug effects or psychiatric disorders and comprises two main components (i.e., central or “mental” and peripheral or “physical” components), both influencing global disability in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We aim at investigating the clinical correlations between “physical” and “mental” components of fatigue, measured by the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory scale, and motor and cognitive/behavioral disability in a large sample of patients with ALS. We also investigated the correlations between these measures of fatigue and resting‐state functional connectivity of brain functional magnetic resonance imaging (RS‐fMRI) large‐scale networks in a subset of patients.
Phenomenological and Cognitive Features Associated With Auditory Hallucinations in Clinical and Nonclinical Voice Hearers

Abstract Background and Hypotheses Auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) are central features of schizophrenia (SZ). However, AVH also occur in a small percentage of the general population who do not have a need for care, termed nonclinical voice hearers (NCVH). We sought to determine the degree to which the experience of AVH was similar in NCVH and in people with schizophrenia (PSZ) and evaluate the degree to which NCVH shared other features of SZ such as delusional beliefs, cognitive impairment, and negative symptoms. Study Design We recruited 76 people with a DSM-V diagnosis of SZ/schizoaffective disorder (PSZ; 49 with current AVH, 27 without), 48 NCVH, and 51 healthy controls. Participants received a broad battery of clinician-administered and self-report symptom assessments and a focused cognitive assessment. Study Results The AVH of NCVH and PSZ shared very similar sensory features. NCVH experienced less distress, had greater control over their AVH, and, unlike PSZ, rarely heard 2 voices speaking to each other. NCVH demonstrated a wide range of deeply held unusual beliefs, but reported less paranoia, and fewer first-rank symptoms such as passivity and alterations in self-experience. NCVH showed no evidence of cognitive deficits or negative symptoms. Conclusions The AVH in NCVH and PSZ demonstrate important similarities as well as clear differences. Specific features, rather than the presence, of AVH appear to determine the need for care. NCVH do not share the cognitive and motivational deficits seen in PSZ. These results suggest that AVH and unusual beliefs can be separated from the broader phenotype of SZ.
Mycobacterial chaperonins in cellular proteostasis: Evidence for chaperone function of Cpn60.1 and Cpn60.2‐mediated protein folding

Mycobacterium tuberculosis encodes two chaperonin proteins, MtbCpn60.1 and MtbCpn60.2, that share substantial sequence similarity with the Escherichia coli chaperonin, GroEL. However, unlike GroEL, MtbCpn60.1 and MtbCpn60.2 purify as lower‐order oligomers. Previous studies have shown that MtbCpn60.2 can functionally replace GroEL in E. coli, while the function of MtbCpn60.1 remained an enigma. Here, we demonstrate the molecular chaperone function of MtbCpn60.1 and MtbCpn60.2, by probing their ability to assist the folding of obligate chaperonin clients, DapA, FtsE and MetK, in an E. coli strain depleted of endogenous GroEL. We show that both MtbCpn60.1 and MtbCpn60.2 support cell survival and cell division by assisting the folding of DapA and FtsE, but only MtbCpn60.2 completely rescues GroEL‐depleted E. coli cells. We also show that, unlike MtbCpn60.2, MtbCpn60.1 has limited ability to support cell growth and proliferation and assist the folding of MetK. Our findings suggest that the client pools of GroEL and MtbCpn60.2 overlap substantially, while MtbCpn60.1 folds only a small subset of GroEL clients. We conclude that the differences between MtbCpn60.1 and MtbCpn60.2 may be a consequence of their intrinsic sequence features, which affect their thermostability, efficiency, clientomes and modes of action.
Progressive conus medullaris lesions are suggestive of intravascular large B‐cell lymphoma

Spinal cord lesions are observed in 40% of all central nervous system lesions in intravascular large B‐cell lymphoma (IVLBCL). However, because IVLBCL is a very rare disease, its clinical features are not well defined, which may delay appropriate diagnosis and treatment, whilst the acute to subacute course of brain lesions in patients with IVLBCL is well established. Therefore, this study aimed to clarify the clinical features of spinal cord lesions in patients with IVLBCL.
What virtualization can do for maintenance: the HSM case

In the automotive sector, one easily looks into two decades of software maintenance at the vehicle level. During this time, either the processor-specific version of the potentially complex operating system (OS) kernel in use has to be patched or completely exchanged. To eliminate this maintenance effort, the presented work exploits device virtualization by using the Secure Monitor Call (SMC) interface of ARM [6] and the microkernel-based virtualization scheme of L4Re [2, 3] in its commercial variant EB corbos Hypervisor [1]. This is an alternative to the common approach based on Virtio [8].
A RISC-V Extension to Minimize Privileges of Enclave Runtimes

In confidential computing, the view of the system software is Manichean: the host operating system is untrusted and the TEE runtime system is fully trusted. However, the runtime system is often as complex as a full operating system, and thus is not free from bugs and exploitable vulnerabilities. Yet, it executes with complete system-level control over the enclave application, in violation of the least privilege principle. While the confidential computing research community has been striving to secure trusted software from its untrusted counterpart, efforts fall short when it comes to securing the enclave application from potentially bug-prone and vulnerable trusted runtime systems. This project describes the design of a simple RISC-V extension that prevents trusted runtime systems from accessing the enclave application's memory. We implement the hardware extension in the QEMU functional simulator and extend the Keystone TEE framework and its runtime system, Eyrie, to enforce the least privilege principle, support unmodified enclave applications, and prevent a class of Iago attacks that leverage the runtime system's unrestricted access to the enclave application's memory.
Drogennotfälle bei Kindern und Jugendlichen – ein Update

Akute Drogenintoxikationen sind im Rettungsdienst relativ häufig. Oftmals handelt es sich um Alkoholintoxikationen bei Erwachsenen. Eher selten geht es um illegale Drogen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen – Grund genug, diese Thematik einmal näher zu beleuchten und einen Überblick über die gängigen illegalen Drogen aus Sicht des Giftnotrufs zu geben.
Netflix: Subscription-based Video-on-demand Channel Operations in Bangladesh

This case study explores the subscription-based video-on-demand (hereafter SVOD) business strategy of Netflix from multiple dimensions such as company value chain, customers’ experience and marketing strategy. From initiation to now this brand has evolved itself to appropriately benefit the consumers. A company that was initiated in a developed country is now successfully running its business across the world. In a developing country such as Bangladesh, Netflix has effectively utilized its quintessential strategies and is successfully entertaining the subscribers. This case study is dedicated to understanding the situation of Netflix in Bangladesh. It highlights some strengths of Netflix such as (a) customization of its contents and (b) seamless user experience as well as some weaknesses such as (a) pricing strategy and (b) selecting the right target market.
Mapping the landscape of transcription factor promoter activity during vegetative development in Marchantia

Transcription factors (TFs) are essential for the regulation of gene expression and cell fate determination. Characterising the transcriptional activity of TF genes in space and time is a critical step towards understanding complex biological systems. The vegetative gametophyte meristems of bryophytes share some characteristics with the shoot-apical meristems of flowering plants. However, the identity and expression profiles of TFs associated with gametophyte organization are largely unknown. With only ∼450 TF genes, Marchantia polymorpha is an outstanding model system for plant systems biology. We have generated a near-complete collection of promoter elements derived from Marchantia TF genes. We experimentally tested in planta reporter fusions for all the TF promoters in the collection and systematically analysed expression patterns in Marchantia gemmae. This allowed us to build a map of precise expression domains and identify a unique set of TFs expressed in the stem-cell zone, providing new insight into the dynamic regulation of the gametophytic meristem and its evolution. In addition, we provide an online database of expression patterns for all promoters in the collection. We expect that the promoter elements characterised here will be useful for cell-type specific expression, synthetic biology applications, and functional genomics.
Efficient estimation for large-scale linkage disequilibrium patterns of the human genome

In this study, we proposed an efficient algorithm (X-LD) for estimating LD patterns for a genomic grid, which can be of inter-chromosomal scale or of small segments. Compared with conventional methods, the proposed method was significantly faster, dropped from 𝒪 (nm2) to 𝒪 (n2m)—n the sample size and m the number of SNPs, and consequently we were permitted to explore in depth unknown or reveal long-anticipated LD features of the human genome. Having applied the algorithm for 1000 Genome Project (1KG), we found: I) The extended LD, driven by population structure, was universally existed, and the strength of inter-chromosomal LD was about 10% of their respective intra-chromosomal LD in relatively homogeneous cohorts, such as FIN and to nearly 56% in admixed cohort, such as ASW. II) After splitting each chromosome into upmost more than a half million grids, we elucidated the LD of the HLA region was nearly 42 folders higher than chromosome 6 in CEU and 11.58 in ASW; on chromosome 11, we observed that the LD of its centromere was nearly 94.05 folders higher than chromosome 11 in YRI and 42.73 in ASW. III) We uncovered the long-anticipated inversely proportional linear relationship between the length of a chromosome and the strength of chromosomal LD, and their Pearson’s correlation was on average over 0.80 for 26 1KG cohorts. However, this linear norm was so far perturbed by chromosome 11 given its more completely sequenced centromere region. Uniquely chromosome 8 of ASW was found most deviated from the linear norm than any other autosomes. The proposed algorithm has been realized in C++ (called X-LD) and available at https://github.com/gc5k/gear2, and can be applied to explore LD features in any sequenced populations.