Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Sparse-Grid-Based Adaptive Spectral Koopman Method

The adaptive spectral Koopman (ASK) method was introduced to numerically solve autonomous dynamical systems that lay the foundation of numerous applications across different fields in science and engineering. Although ASK achieves high accuracy, it is computationally more expensive for multi-dimensional systems compared with conventional time integration schemes like Runge-Kutta. In this work, we combine the sparse grid and ASK to accelerate the computation for multi-dimensional systems. This sparse-grid-based ASK (SASK) method uses the Smolyak structure to construct multi-dimensional collocation points as well as associated polynomials that are used to approximate eigenfunctions of the Koopman operator of the system. In this way, the number of collocation points is reduced compared with using the tensor product rule. We demonstrate that SASK can be used to solve partial differential equations based-on their semi-discrete forms. Numerical experiments illustrate that SASK balances the accuracy with the computational cost, and hence accelerates ASK.
Two Approaches to Optimal Adaptive Control under Large Dimensionality

Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com to formulating operations research models to be used for optimization of decisions in real applications. The numbers of alternative models, methods and applications of operations research are very large. This paper presents fundamental and general decision and information structures, theories and two examples that can be expanded and modified in several directions. The discussed methods and examples are motivated from the points of view of empirical relevance and computability. SDP with LP or QP subroutines and oil sector application. Stochastic dynamic programming, SDP, is often the optimal method. SDP can be extended to handle very large dimensionality in the decision space, as long as the dimensionality of the state space is not too large, since SDP can be combined with linear or quadratic programming subroutines for every state and stage. A typical application of relevance to this method is described by the following problem: We want to optimize the many interdependent activities in an industrial sector, such as the oil sector, in a country. The international oil price, for instance the Brent crude price, is impossible to predict with high precision. It may be regarded as highly stochastic and of central importance to the optimal decisions in the sector. The amount of oil in the oil reserves, in the country, is another variable of fundamental importance. This can be controlled by decisions within the oil producing country.
Satoshi Nakamoto and the Origins of Bitcoin - Narratio in Nomine, Datis et Numeris

The mystery about the ingenious creator of Bitcoin concealing behind the pseudonym Satoshi Nakamoto has been fascinating the global public for more than a decade. Suddenly jumping out of the dark in 2008, this persona hurled the highly disruptive distributed ledger technology “blockchain” that has added the missing native value layer to the internet. Purposely agnostic without advocating any old or fielding new names, this paper first identifies the degrees of freedom Satoshi Nakamoto had available in the design of Bitcoin, and in fabricating snippets of personal data. By interweaving the substantial collection of previous and new circumstantial with direct evidence, like relevant locations and happenings in history and at the time, a consistent skeleton of Satoshi Nakamoto’s biography transpires. The results underpin that the iconic creator of Bitcoin most likely encoded bits of information in his self-chosen alias, dates and blockchain parameters, which particularly point to the numbers 21 and 42, and the numeral systems used in Bitcoin’s framework. Moreover, a psychogram of a reclusive and capricious genius is drawn, which sheds new light on Satoshi Nakamoto’s background, mindset, pastimes, and penchant for puns; this study may also explain the motivation of his abrupt departure from the online community, his continuing abstinence from engaging with the Bitcoin community, and from reaping the fruits of his mindboggling wealth. From a history of science and technology perspective, such an altruistic sacrifice for the benefit of his brainchild is entirely unprecedented.
MF-OMO: An Optimization Formulation of Mean-Field Games

This paper proposes a new mathematical paradigm to analyze discrete-time mean-field games. It is shown that finding Nash equilibrium solutions for a general class of discrete-time mean-field games is equivalent to solving an optimization problem with bounded variables and simple convex constraints, called MF-OMO. This equivalence framework enables finding multiple (and possibly all) Nash equilibrium solutions of mean-field games by standard algorithms. For instance, projected gradient descent is shown to be capable of retrieving all possible Nash equilibrium solutions when there are finitely many of them, with proper initializations. Moreover, analyzing mean-field games with linear rewards and mean-field independent dynamics is reduced to solving a finite number of linear programs, hence solvable in finite time. This framework does not rely on the contractive and the monotone assumptions and the uniqueness of the Nash equilibrium.
Analysis of Thyristor based dual converter controlling the firing angle for HVDC transmission

Electricity is one of the most reliable energy sources because it can be converted into any form of energy and can easily be transmitted from one place to another. For transmission purpose we use Alternating current because producing the AC current is much more efficient than DC. The problem occurs when we want to transmit the electric energy to long distance AC current causes more transmission loss then DC current. That is why, for a long transmission line we use HVDC Transmission where AC voltage is converted in DC and after transmitting to other end DC is again converted into AC for distribution purpose. Another reason for HVDC concept is that renewable energy sources such as solar grid are placed at remote places and they produce a DC current. To transmit them to the end user we have to convert them into AC current. In our research we have simulated a three phase dual converter. In a dual converter, a single circuit can be used as a rectifier and inverter by changing the firing angle of conducting device. We have used a three phase source along with controlled full bridge rectifier consisting SCR. SCRs can be switched on or off using a gate pulse and controlling the time delay of SCR we can control the output. After simulating the circuit and observing the output we found that it is possible to use a controlled three phase rectifier as an inverter by changing the firing angle of SCR Table of
Antibiotic susceptibility and some persistence factors of Gram-negative bacilli isolated from trophic ulcers

Background: Infections that are difficult to treat might lead to high morbidity and mortality rates. In some infections, however, despite a proper antibiotic therapy, microorganisms might persist, under certain circumstances, and produce recurrent or chronic infections. It is a well-known fact that the persistence of microorganisms might influence their viability within the macro-organism, whereas the suppression of the microbial persistence via drug preparations might greatly reduce therapeutic duration. This study is aimed at assessing the antibiotic sensitivity and some factors, contributing to persistence of Gram-negative bacilli strains isolated from trophic ulcers. Material and methods: Data were collected and examined from 128 samples of patients with trophic ulcers. The bacteriological examinations, factors determining the persistence and the antibiotic susceptibility of the isolated strains were carried out in accordance with the current method. Results: 211 microbial strains were isolated. The identified microorganisms revealed a high taxonomic diversity, whereas Gram-negative bacilli made up 50.2%. Isolates showed multiple resistances to antimicrobial drugs in 76.4% of cases, 43.4% strains showed hemolytic, 88.7% – anti-lysozyme and 93.4% – anti-complementary activities, whereas 70.8% strains produced a detectable biofilm. The strains isolated from mixed infections exhibited a higher percentage of pathogenicity factors compared to those isolated from monoinfections. Conclusions: Gram-negative bacteria showed great resistance to the antimicrobial drug tests and multiple persistence factors. The results of the study proved that trophic ulcers are difficult to treat, thus being a major problem, which requires coherent monitoring and control.
Demand response programs in smart grids – survey

The smart grid in this century has an essential role in changing the philosophy of the electrical power engineering. In the past, the generation must be equal to the demand under any situation but with the introduction of the non-conventional grids everything is changed, and the customers should consume energy in the same amount to what already generated from the generation units. The tool to achieve all that is the demand response (DR) strategy. DR can alter the consumption pattern of the consumers to make it flatting instead of the sharp curves that lead to additional costs coming from the increasing generating in the periods of the peaks in the load curve. In this paper, the demand response programs listed and discussed with an indication to the documents that deal with each type.
Implementation and evaluation of cooperative adaptive cruise control functionalities

This study summarises the implementation of software system architecture and relevant modules to enable cooperative adaptive cruise control (CACC) functionalities as an extension of adaptive cruise control (ACC), thereby leveraging the lessons learned from prototype ACC vehicle testing as well as ideas from prior research. These activities were conducted in the United States under a cooperative agreement between the Crash Avoidance Metrics Partners, LLC and the Federal Highway Administration. A key outcome of this project was to understand the implementation of advanced capabilities for the CACC algorithm in a very structured manner. With the introduction of each CACC module, the impacts on the behaviours of vehicles following in a string (or string stability) were quantified to establish potential performance enhancements to automated following systems.
Genetic Algorithm for Classification in Data Mining

— This paper focuses on performing rule based classification in Data Mining using Genetic Algorithm (GA). The objective functions namely comprehensibility, predictive accuracy, interestingness, coverage are used to evaluate the fitness value of each classification rule obtained using GA. For presenting our approach a real dataset is used. Experimental results shows that the rule based classification designed using GA efficiently identify the pattern using multiple objective functions.
University of Birmingham Evaluation of rigid registration methods for whole head imaging in diffuse optical tomography

Functional brain imaging has become an important neuroimaging technique for the study of brain organization and development. Compared to other imaging techniques, diffuse optical tomography (DOT) is a portable and low-cost technique that can be applied to infants and hospitalized patients using an atlas-based light model. For DOT imaging, the accuracy of the forward model has a direct effect on the resulting recovered brain function within a field of view and so the accuracy of the spatially normalized atlas-based forward models must be evaluated. Herein, the accuracy of atlas-based DOT is evaluated on models that are spatially normalized via a number of different rigid registration methods on 24 subjects. A multileveled approach is devel-oped to evaluate the correlation of the geometrical and sensitivity accuracies across the full field of view as well as within specific functional subregions. Results demonstrate that different registration methods are optimal for recovery of different sets of functional brain regions. However, the “ nearest point to point ” registration method, based on the EEG 19 landmark system, is shown to be the most appropriate registration method for image quality throughout the field of view of the high-density cap that covers the whole of the optically accessible cortex.
Constraints on Inner Core Anisotropy Using Array Observations of Pâ•2Pâ•2

Recent studies of PKPdf travel times suggest strong anisotropy (4% or more) in the quasi-western inner core hemisphere. However, the availability of paths sampling at low angles to the Earth’s rotation axis (the fast axis) is limited. To augment this sampling, we collected a travel time data set for the phase P0P0df (PKPPKPdf), for which at least one inner core leg is quasi-polar, at two high latitude seismic arrays. We find that the inferred anisotropy is weak (on the order of 0.5 to 1.5%), confirming previous results based on a much smaller P0P0 data set. While previous models of inner core anisotropy required very strong alignment of anisotropic iron grains, our results are more easily explained by current dynamic models of inner core growth. We observe large travel time anomalies when one leg of P0P0df is along the South Sandwich to Alaska path, consistent with PKPdf observations, and warranting further investigation.
A STUDY OF CORRELATION BETWEEN NASAL ENDOSCOPY AND CT SCAN IN CASES OF CHRONIC RHINOSINUSITIS

BACKGROUND: The accurate diagnosis of Chronic Rhinosinusitis (CRS) is still a challenge therefore, the American Academy of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS) has met in a multidisciplinary encounter and formulated a consensus based on only clinical symptoms. The computed tomography (CT) scan and the nasal endoscopy (NE) were introduced to make an accurate diagnosis of CRS and verify the disease severity. AIM: The aim of this study is to make a correlation between nasal endoscopy and CT scan in cases of clinically diagnosed Chronic Rhinosinusitis patients. METHOD: A study was carried out on 90 patients at Jhalawar Medical College, Jhalawar (Raj.) during Sept. 2012 to Dec. 2014. Diagnostic Nasal Endoscopy and CT Scan PNS done in patients, suffering from Chronic Rhinosinusitis. As a classification instruments, Metson/Gliklich's classification was used to evaluate the tomographic diagnosis and the Stankiewicz/ Chow's classification to evaluate the endoscopic diagnosis of Chronic Rhinosinusitis. RESULTS: Our study showed high specificity of endoscopy in comparison to CT scan though CT scan results are more sensitive. CONCLUSION: Endoscopy can confirm a Chronic Rhinosinusitis diagnosis, but cannot rule it out, and that CT should be performed in cases of suspected CRS even if mucopurulence is not noted on endoscopy. The CT scan and the nasal endoscopy making easier the treatment planning and the disease resolution.
High Speed and Low Latency Passive Optical Network for 5G Wireless Systems

To meet the latency and bandwidth requirements of 5G mobile services and next-generation residential/business services, we present high speed and low-latency passive optical network (PON) enabled by time controlled-tactile optical access (TIC-TOC) technology. The TIC-TOC technology could support bandwidth-intensive as well as low-latency services for 5G mobile network by using channel bonding and low-latency oriented dynamic bandwidth allocation (DBA). In order to confirm the technical feasibility of TIC-TOC, FPGA-based OLT and multi-speed ONU prototypes are implemented. We experimentally demonstrate the real-time packet transmission up to 50 Gb/s without packet loss during 48-hour through the channel bonding in a single optical distribution network (ODN) with 20 km reach and 1:64 split ratio. Less than 400 μs latency for 5G mobile services is also demonstrated. Furthermore, we confirm that total throughput could be expanded up to 100 Gb/s by adding more channels.
DMSO_A_244432 2409..2431

Amrita K Cheema Prabhjit Kaur Amina Fadel Noura Younes Mahmoud Zirie Nasser M Rizk 2,5 1Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center at Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA; 2Biomedical Sciences Department, College of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research Center, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar; 3Clinical Chemistry Lab, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; 4Endocrine Department, Hammad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; 5Physiology Department, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura, Egypt Objective: The objective of the current study is to accomplish a relative exploration of the biological roles of differentially dysregulated genes (DRGs) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The study aimed to determine the impact of these DRGs on the biological pathways and networks that are related to the associated disorders and complications in T2DM and to predict its role as prospective biomarkers. Methods: Datasets obtained from metabolomic and proteomic profiling were used for investigation of the differential expression of the genes. A subset of DRGs was integrated into IPA software to explore its biological pathways, related diseases, and their regulation in T2DM. Upon entry into the IPA, only 94 of the DRGs were recognizable, mapped, and matched within the database. Results: The study identified networks that explore the dysregulation of several functions; cell components such as degranulation of cells; molecular transport process and metabolism of cellular proteins; and inflammatory responses. Top disorders associated with DRGs in T2DM are related to organ injuries such as renal damage, connective tissue disorders, and acute inflammatory disorders. Upstream regulator analysis predicted the role of several transcription factors of interest, such as STAT3 and HIF alpha, as well as many kinases such as JAK kinases, which affects the gene expression of the dataset in T2DM. Interleukin 6 (IL6) is the top regulator of the DRGs, followed by leptin (LEP). Monitoring the dysregulation of the coupled expression of the following biomarkers (TNF, IL6, LEP, AGT, APOE, F2, SPP1, and INS) highlights that they could be used as potential prognostic biomarkers. Conclusion: The integration of data obtained by advanced metabolomic and proteomic technologies has made it probable to advantage in understanding the role of these biomarkers in the identification of significant biological processes, pathways, and regulators that are associated with T2DM and its comorbidities.
RRU_A_249734 175..178

Gede Wirya Kusuma Duarsa Daniel Oktavianus Dau Ida Bagus Putra Pramana 1 Pande Made Wisnu Tirtayasa I Wayan Yudiana Kadek Budi Santosa Anak Agung Gde Oka 1 Tjokorda Gde Bagus Mahadewa 1 Christopher Ryalino 1Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia; 2Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia Background: Many factors could contribute to the cases of residual benign prostate hypertrophy (BPH) volume after transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), such as age, obesity, testosterone level, and inflammation. The goal of this study was to determine the risk of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in prostate tissue, serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA), serum testosterone, and age in promoting prostate volume progression after TURP. Patients and Methods: This was a prospective cohort study on 83 BPH patients who underwent TURP at five hospitals in Bali, Indonesia. Trans-rectal ultrasonography (TRUS) was carried out to examine the prostate’s size. Three years after, we redo the TRUS examination to collect the data of the latest prostate size. TNF-α, TGF-β, serum PSA, testosterone, and age were registered for analysis.We used Pearson’s and Spearman’s correlation tests andmultivariate analytic linear regression test (coefficient β) by SPSS 13.0 software. Results: Age, testosterone, PSA, TNF-α, TGF-β were positively correlated to prostate’s volume progression. The prostate volume was strongly correlated with age (r= 0.749, p <0.001), PSA level (r=0.896, p <0.001), testosterone level (r=0.818, p <0.001), and TGF-β (r=0.609, p <0.001). The TNF-α level has a weak correlation to prostate’s volume progression (r=0.392, p <0.001). Conclusion: TNF-α, TGF-β, PSA, testosterone, and age were significant as the risk factors in promoting the prostate volume progression after TURP.
Forward operation of adenine nucleotide translocase during F<sub>0</sub>F<sub>1</sub>â•’ATPase reversal: critical role of matrix substrateâ•’level phosphorylation

In pathological conditions, F0F1-ATPase hydrolyzes ATP in an attempt to maintain mitochondrial membrane potential. Using thermodynamic assumptions and computer modeling, we established that mitochondrial membrane potential can be more negative than the reversal potential of the adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) but more positive than that of the F0F1-ATPase. Experiments on isolated mitochondria demonstrated that, when the electron transport chain is compromised, the F0F1-ATPase reverses, and the membrane potential is maintained as long as matrix substrate-level phosphorylation is functional, without a concomitant reversal of the ANT. Consistently, no cytosolic ATP consumption was observed using plasmalemmal KATP channels as cytosolic ATP biosensors in cultured neurons, in which their in situ mitochondria were compromised by respiratory chain inhibitors. This finding was further corroborated by quantitative measurements of mitochondrial membrane potential, oxygen consumption, and extracellular acidification rates, indicating nonreversal of ANT of compromised in situ neuronal and astrocytic mitochondria; and by bioluminescence ATP measurements in COS-7 cells transfected with cytosolicor nuclear-targeted luciferases and treated with mitochondrial respiratory chain inhibitors in the presence of glycolytic plus mitochondrial vs. only mitochondrial substrates. Our findings imply the possibility of a rescue mechanism that is protecting against cytosolic/nuclear ATP depletion under pathological conditions involving impaired respiration. This mechanism comes into play when mitochondria respire on substrates that support matrix substrate-level phosphorylation. —Chinopoulos, C. , Gerencser, A. A. , Mandi, M. , Mathe, K. , Töröcsik, B. , Doczi, J., Turiak, L. , Kiss, G. , Konràd, C. , Vajda, S. , Vereczki, V. , Oh, R. J., Adam-Vizi, V. Forward operation of adenine nucleotide translocase during F0F1-ATPase reversal: critical role of matrix substrate-level phosphorylation. FASEB J. 24, 2405–2416 (2010). www.fasebj. org