Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Antena Vivaldi Konvensional untuk Penerapan pada Radar Cuaca (9.4 GHz)

To predict weather conditions as an anticipation act towards natural disasters, a weather radar is needed. In weather radar technology, antennas play an important role in supporting the performance of the weather radar. Vivaldi antenna is the right choice because it has an unlimited bandwidth so it is able to operate at the desired work frequency, including the working frequency of weather radar (9.4 GHz). This research discusses the modification of tapered slots, circular stub, radial stub, length and width of the reference vivaldi antenna [1] using CST Studio software. After modifications and measurements, a return loss value of -23.25336989 dB, bandwidth of 500 MHz, VSWR 1.188463357, gain of 3.99 dBi, and unidirectional radiation patterns. All the resulting antenna parameter values are in good condition and qualify the weather radar antenna for a working frequency of 9.4 GHz.
Molecular theory of liquid crystals: application to the nematic phase

A density-functional description of liquid crystals is developed. Formally exact expansions for thermodynamic functions in terms of a direct-correlation function are given. Approximations to the direct-correlation function lead to different versions of the molecular-field theories of liquid crystals. The properties of the uniform nematic phase including the isotropic-nematic phase transition at constant pressure are discussed. Expressions are given for the change in density and order parameters at the transition in terms of the direct-correlation function of the isotropic phase. Methods for calculating the direct-correlation functions of the isotropic phase are also discussed. A formal theory for the statistical mechanics of a nonuniform liquid crystal is developed and used to derive expressions for the Frank elastic constants. This approach provides a starting point for the investigation of the phase transitions in the liquid crystals and the properties of inhomogeneous systems. A microscopic description of the Landau-de Gennes theory is also given.
Miniaturized Wide Scanning Angle Phased Array Using EBG Structure for 5G Applications

This article presents a miniaturized wide-angle scanning phased array for fifth-generation (5G) application. A subarray of two closely packed patch antennas on electromagnetic bandgap structure (EBG) ground with the operating bandwidth of 26–29 GHz is used as the basic module of the linear array, which contains four equally spaced subarrays. The existence of the EBG ground enables the array to be compact in size (3.2 × 0.6 × 0.12λL3), yet the mutual coupling between each element can reach to more than 22 dB within the whole band of interest. The EBG structures also contribute to the wide element radiation pattern of the aperiodic array and consequently the wide scanning angle performance of the array. The range of the main beam scan with EBG structure can reach from −70° to 70° with more than 6 dB side lobe levels (SLLs) at 26.5 GHz with 3 dBi scanning gain loss. This proposed method enabling the array to be compact and wide in scanning angle is very attractive for 5G mobile terminal applications.
Simulation of Sound Generation by Flow over a Cavity with the Lattice Boltzmann Method

The fluid flows and its related aerodynamic noise are very common in the nature and the engineering fieds. Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM), which is based on the mesoscopic models, is a new CFD approach. It has the congenital superiority and the inestimable development potential in the simulation of complex fluid flow. Referring to the experimental results provided by NASA/CP 2004-212954, the aerodynamic noise produced by the flow through a cavity is simulated by the lattice Boltzmann method. The results had vividly demonstrated the shear layer oscillations, the couple between the shear layer oscillations and cavity resonance pattern. This simulation has discovered that the shear layer oscillation is the main reason for the production of cavity aerodynamic noise. The simulation results are consistent with the NASA experiment data.
A Class I HDAC Inhibitor BG45 Alleviates Cognitive Impairment through the CaMKII/ITPKA/Ca2+ Signaling Pathway

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) seriously endangers the health and life of elderly individuals worldwide. However, despite all scientific efforts, at the moment there are no effective clinical treatment options for AD. In this work, the effect of the class I histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACI) BG45 on synapse-related proteins was investigated in primary neurons from APP/PS1 transgenic mice. The results showed that BG45 can upregulate the expression of synaptotagmin-1 (SYT-1) and neurofilament light chain (NF-L) in primary neurons. In vivo, the APPswe/PS1dE9 (APP/PS1) transgenic mice were treated with BG45 (30 mg/kg) daily for 12 days. Behavioral testing of BG45-treated APP/PS1 mice showed improvements in learning and memory. BG45 can alleviate damage to the dendritic spine and reduce the deposition of Aβ. Similar to the in vitro results, synapse-related proteins in the prefrontal cortex were increased after BG45 treatment. Proteomic analysis results highlighted the differences in the biological processes of energy metabolism and calmodulin regulation in APP/PS1 mice with or without BG45 treatment. Further verification demonstrated that the effect of BG45 on synapses and learning and memory may involve the CaMKII/ITPKA/Ca2+ pathway. These results suggest that class I HDACI BG45 might be a promising drug for the early clinical treatment of AD.
Presenting Scientific Theories Within Risk Assessments

ABSTRACT We propose a structure for presenting risk assessments with the purpose of enhancing the transparency of the selection process of scientific theories and models derived from them. The structure has two stages, with 7 steps, where the stages involve two types of theories: core and auxiliary, which need to be identified in order to explain and evaluate observations and predictions. Core theories are those that are “fundamental” to the phenomena being observed, whereas auxiliary theories are those that describe or explain the actual observation process of the phenomena. The formulation of a scientific theory involves three constitutive components or types of judgments: explanative, evaluative, and regulative or aesthetic, driven by reason. Two perspectives guided us in developing the proposed structure: (1) In a risk assessment explanations based on notions of causality can be used as a tool for developing models and predictions of possible events outside the range of direct experience. The use of causality for development of models is based on judgments, reflecting regulative or aesthetic conceptualizations of different phenomena and how they (should) fit together in the world. (2) Weight of evidence evaluation should be based on falsification principles for excluding models, rather than validation or justification principles that select the best or nearly best-fitting models. Falsification entails discussion that identifies challenges to proposed models, and reconciles apparent inconsistencies between models and data. Based on the discussion of these perspectives the 7 steps of the structure are: the first stage for core theories, (A) scientific concepts, (B) causality network, and (C) mathematical model; and the second stage for auxiliary theories, (D) data interpretation, (E) statistical model, (F) evaluation (weight of evidence), and (G) reconciliation, which includes the actual decision formulation.
The TR12 vibronic band in diamond

The TR12 vibronic band zero-phonon line at 2.638 eV is produced by radiation damage of relatively pure diamond. Its luminescence band is dominated by coupling to a mode of quantum 67 meV, but the absorption band does not show a corresponding feature. The authors present detailed uniaxial stress data on the TR12 band. The data show that the electronic states of the transition are orbitally non-degenerate, but otherwise the measurements cannot be explained in terms of an optical centre of fixed symmetry. Temperature dependence data (7<T<400K) do not reveal any abnormalities caused by states nearly degenerate with the TR12 energy levels. They identify the existence of a local mode of vibration (h(cross) omega approximately=90 meV) at the centre. The luminescence bandshape is shown to be understandable in terms of totally symmetric electron-phonon interactions. The anomalies in the absorption bandshape can be explained on the basis of a softening of one vibrational mode in the excited electronic state, together with a strong dependence of the dipole moment of the transition on the displacement in this mode.
COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT TURBULENCE MODELS FOR PREDICTION OF SLOT-FILM COOLING: FLOW AND TEMPERATURE FIELD

Abstract This article compares the performance of five different turbulence models in predicting the flow field and heat transfer phenomena created by the jet-crossflow interactions for film cooling applications. The models used to simulate the fine-scale turbulence are low-Reynolds-number versions of the κ-e and κ-ω models, the algebraic Baldwin-Lomax model, and also a relaxation eddy viscosity model. The time-dependent, density-weighted Navier-Stokes equations coupled with the compressible form of two-equation models are solved based on an explicit finite-volume formulation. The computed flow field and surface temperature distributions along with the turbulence quantities are presented to illustrate the flow physics involved in the present problem. Considering both the predicted surface temperature distribution and the relaxation behavior of the velocity, low-Reynolds-number versions of the κ-e model seem to perform better compared to others.
Low-voltage pentacene organic field-effect transistors with high-κ HfO2 gate dielectrics and high stability under bias stress

Low-voltage pentacene organic field-effect transistors are demonstrated (operating voltage of −3 V) with high-κ hafnium dioxide gate dielectrics grown by atomic layer deposition at 200 °C. A high hole mobility of 0.39 cm2/V s with low threshold voltage (<−0.5 V) and low subthreshold slope of 120 mV/dec is achieved with a HfO2 dielectric layer modified with a phosphonic acid based treatment. A high value of 94.8 nF/V s is obtained for the product of mobility and capacitance density. The devices show excellent bias stress stability with or without the phosphonic acid at the HfO2 gate dielectric surface.
Optical polarization of a complete sample of radio sources

The radio and optical properties of a complete 5 GHz sample of strong radio sources are studied. High polarization is strongly correlated with the fraction of the total 5 GHz flux density found in a milliarcsec core. The detection rate of radio galaxies containing optical cores with high polarization is consistent with the hypothesis that all radio sources contain optically polarized cores, with strength proportional to the core radio flux density. High optical polarization, optical power-law fraction, line-to-continuum ratio, emission lines of small equivalent widths, and large amplitude flux variability are all strongly correlated with the fraction of the 5 GHz radio flux density that is unresolved on VLBI scales. The distributions of these properties are well matched by a model where radio and optical radiation have the same beaming geometry and with Doppler boosting of a factor of 10-100 in the optical. A striking alignment of the position angle of the VLBI structure axis and the position angle of optical polarization in highly polarized sources is confirmed. 88 refs.
Large-View 3D Color Face Reconstruction from Dingle Image via UV Location Map and CGAN

: Image-based 3D reconstruction has been a hot topic in computer vision research. Since 3D face model can convey more information, it possesses expansive application prospects in comparison with the 2D face image, such as more precise identity information recognition signs, more accurate emotional expression media, etc. In order to reconstruct a realistic 3D color face model from a single large-view 2D face image, a simple but effective method is proposed. First, the encoder-decoder network is applied to generate the 2D UV location map from the original RGB image. Then a simple convolution neural network is applied to re-gress the 3D face from the UV location map. Finally, a network based on conditional generative adversarial networks (CGAN) is proposed to make up for the missing of UV texture caused by self-occlusion in the case of large pose. Compared with existing 3D face reconstruction methods in Stirling/ESRC 3D Face Database, proposed method can improve the accuracy. More important, a complete and realistic 3D face model can be reconstructed from the large-view face image even in the increasingly complex background.
Analysis of the complex effective permittivity of a heterogeneous sample by the finite-difference time-domain method

Numerical results of the complex effective permittivity and DC conductivity of heterogeneous samples with random constituents’ distribution are analyzed to search for a suitable mixture law. The calculation method consists of the simulation of a time-domain reflectometry experiment by means of the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) algorithm. The permittivity and conductivity of several series of samples with their constituents distributed at random are calculated. Numerical results, as a function of the volume fractions of the mixture’s constituents, are compared with analytical mixture laws. For lossless binary media, it is found that both the Bruggeman law and a weighted geometric mean provide a good agreement. The last one can be generalized to composites with more than two constituents, with good results. On the other hand, for lossy binary mixtures it is shown that the weighted geometric mean of the constituents’ complex permittivities matches the numerical results obtained for the effective compl.
When group-III nitrides go infrared: New properties and perspectives

Wide-band-gap GaN and Ga-rich InGaN alloys, with energy gaps covering the blue and near-ultraviolet parts of the electromagnetic spectrum, are one group of the dominant materials for solid state lighting and lasing technologies and consequently, have been studied very well. Much less effort has been devoted to InN and In-rich InGaN alloys. A major breakthrough in 2002, stemming from much improved quality of InN films grown using molecular beam epitaxy, resulted in the bandgap of InN being revised from 1.9 eV to a much narrower value of 0.64 eV. This finding triggered a worldwide research thrust into the area of narrow-band-gap group-III nitrides. The low value of the InN bandgap provides a basis for a consistent description of the electronic structure of InGaN and InAlN alloys with all compositions. It extends the fundamental bandgap of the group III-nitride alloy system over a wider spectral region, ranging from the near infrared at ∼1.9 μm (0.64 eV for InN) to the ultraviolet at ∼0.36 μm (3.4 eV for GaN.
The Importance of Leadership in the Time of Covid-19: The Example of Turkish Health Minister Fahrettin Koca’s Youtube Shares

Leadership is an important parameter in the healthcare field. The need for a leader with digital skills in the context of social transformation and digitalization has become more important, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study discusses the leadership of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Turkey, Fahrettin Koca, in the context of digital environments during the pandemic. The reason for choosing Minister Koca as the leader is that he undertook the responsibilities of informing, persuading, and guiding citizens about the Covid-19 Pandemic. Koca has impressed the citizens of the Republic of Turkey with the shares he made from digital media at regular intervals with his rhetoric, knowledge, and vision. The aim of the study is to reveal how transformational leadership in the field of health is applied in digital environments after the Covid-19 in Turkey. Press meetings held by Minister Koca were evaluated based on transformational leadership categories to raise public awareness in the digital environment. In this qualitative research, the data were obtained from the official Youtube account of Minister of Health Koca. The data were evaluated by content analysis method using the MAXQDA program. The phenomenon of digital leadership after Covid-19 was discussed through digital transformation and leadership theories. As a result of the study, it was seen that Health Minister Koca have transformational leadership capability at both individual and organizational level.
Antiferromagnetic interlayer exchange coupling between Fe3O4 layers across a nonmagnetic MgO dielectric layer

We have investigated the interlayer exchange coupling between the epitaxial spinel Fe3O4 layers across an insulating nonmagnetic MgO spacer. The epitaxial structure used for these investigations was Fe3O4 (10nm)∕MgO (0.8–3nm)∕Fe3O4 (10nm)∕NiO (15nm) multilayers grown on MgO (100) substrates. We find that the two Fe3O4 layers are antiferromagnetic coupled through the MgO spacer when the MgO thickness is less than 1.5nm. Furthermore, ab initio calculation of IEC for Fe∕MgO∕Fe indicates the importance of electrode states, in particular, partial oxidation of the ferromagnetic electrodes.
A comparison of VHF radar vertical-velocity measurements by a direct vertical-beam method and by a VAD technique

Abstract Vertical-velocity measurements made by a direct vertical-beam method are compared to vertical velocities derived from VAD (velocity-azimuth display) measurements over a 27-h period. The results indicate that the two types of measurements in regions where the scatter is isotropic agree well. The largest discrepancies occur in the regions characterized by strong stratification and anisotropic or aspect-sensitive scatter. Although there are various assumptions inherent in the VAD calculations of the vertical velocities, indications are that the source of error is the aspect sensitivity, which produces effective off-vertical pointing angles in the vertical beam when the reflectivity layers are tilted out of the horizontal plane. However, other additional sources of bias or error cannot be excluded.
Discretization and numerical realization of contact problems for elastic‐perfectly plastic bodies. PART I – discretization, limit analysis

The paper deals with a static case of discretized contact problems for bodies made of materials obeying Hencky's law of perfect plasticity. The main interest is focused on the analysis of the formulation in terms of displacements. This covers the study of: i) a structure of the solution set in the case when the problem has more than one solution ii) the dependence of the solution set on the loading parameter ζ. The latter is used to give a rigorous justification of the limit load approach based on work of external forces as a function of ζ. A model example illustrates the efficiency of the method.
Frequency-resolved measurements of hemodynamic oscillations and quantitative analysis with a novel hemodynamic model

We present frequency-resolved measurements of the amplitude and phase of cerebral hemodynamic oscillations associated with paced breathing and measured with near-infrared spectroscopy on the forehead of a human subject. We have performed measurements at eleven paced breathing frequencies in the range 0.07-0.25 Hz. The resulting frequency spectra of the amplitude and phase of the hemodynamic oscillations were fit with a recently developed hemodynamic model,1 that was able to reproduce the measured spectra and to determine a number of associated physiological parameters. The parameters measured include the blood transit times in the capillary (0.87 s) and venous (1.0 s) compartments, and the high-pass cutoff frequency of cerebral autoregulation (0.087 Hz). We also illustrate the implications of the new hemodynamic model on the basis of a phasor representation of physiological and hemodynamic oscillations. The combination of frequency-resolved measurements of cerebral hemodynamics and the phasor-based, frequency-domain solution of the new hemodynamic model provides a novel tool for cerebral hemodynamic studies with a potential for assessing a variety of physiological, functional, and pathological conditions.
A radio frequency device for measurement of minute dielectric property changes in microfluidic channels

We demonstrate a sensitive radio frequency (rf) device to detect small dielectric property changes in microfluidic channel. The device consists of an on-chip Wilkinson power divider and a rat-race hybrid, which are built with planar microstrip lines and thin film chip resistors. Interference is used to cancel parasitic background signals. As a result, the measurement sensitivity is improved by more than 20 dB compared with conventional transmission lines. Compared with an ultrasensitive slot antenna/cuvette assembly [K. M. Taylor and D. W. van der Weide, IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech. 53, 1576 (2005)], the proposed rf device is two times more sensitive.
Design and implementation of Android VPN client based on GMSSL

With the rapid development of mobile Internet, mobile terminals based on Android system are more and more widely used in industrial production and mobile office. One of the important application scenarios is remote access to the enterprise intranet for remote operation. How to access the enterprise intranet safely is a very important problem. Under the increasingly severe situation of network environment security at home and abroad, the application of domestic cryptographic algorithm is also imminent. Some domestic key fields, such as the State Grid, put forward the special needs of localization for network information transmission security. Therefore, it is very necessary to study the GMSSL VPN terminal based on Android. Firstly, this paper briefly introduces and analyzes the SM algorithm and GMSSL protocol standard. On this basis,introduces the key technologies on Android. Finally, the SSL VPN terminal based on Android system is designed and implemented, which adopts the SM algorithm and the GMSSL protocol standard. Compared with the international standard SSL / TLS protocol, it has better security. SM2 algorithm is used for key agreement, digital signature and SM2 certificate for identity authentication; SM3 algorithm is used to calculate message digest; combined with a variety of hardware encryption devices, hardware level data encryption is provided to realize a variety of ways of identity authentication, including encryption TF card, Bluetooth key, secure SIM card, etc. In addition, the security of terminal APK is analyzed and protective measures are taken to avoid the risk that Android applications are easy to be reverse cracked to a certain extent. Finally, through the experimental verification, the system also effectively provides security for remote terminal access on the basis of considering the ease of use. The research and implementation of GMSSL VPN terminal based on Android is of great significance for the popularization of Android mobile terminal in industrial production and the promotion of guomi algorithm.