Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Microsatellite polymorphism between and within broiler Microsatellite polymorphism between and within broiler populations populations

Abstract Two independent broiler chicken populations were genotyped with microsatellite markers to determine genetic polymorphisms within and among broiler populations. Birds were genotyped with primers from the US Poultry Genome Mapping Kits 1 and 2. The 59 primer sets selected for this study provided wide genomic coverage. All 59 primer sets amplified a polymerase chain reaction product in Population L, whereas 57 primer sets produced a product in Population C. The average allele number per line per microsatellite was 2.8 and 2.9 for Populations L and C, respectively. Considering the 57 primer pairs generating product in both lines, 72.3% of the total alleles were unique to one or the other population. This study illustrates the high polymorphism level in broiler populations of microsatellites amplified from primers developed from Red Jungle Fowl or White Leghorn sequences. ABSTRACT Two independent broiler chicken populations were genotyped with microsatellite markers to determine genetic polymorphisms within and among broiler populations. Birds were genotyped with primers from the US Poultry Genome Mapping Kits 1 and 2. The 59 primer sets selected for this study provided wide genomic coverage. All 59 primer sets ampliﬁed a polymerase chain reaction product in Population L, whereas 57 primer sets produced a product in Population C. The average
Electrochemical acetylcholinesterase biosensor for
detection of cholinesterase inhibitors: study with
eserine

Cholinesterase inhibitors are widely used as pesticides, as chemical warfare agents and as drugs to treat symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease. Therefore, it is a high need to develop methods for their detection which are fast, sensitive, and reliable. This paper reports a preliminary work in the development of an electrochemical biosensor based on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) which is constructed by immobilization layers – cysteamine/glutaraldehyde/AChE on thin layer gold electrode for detection of cholinesterase inhibitors. Eserine (physostigmine) was used as a test inhibitor. The enzyme immobilization efficacy was evaluated by measuring activity of immobilized enzyme via Ellman’s method. The enzyme activity of the initial reduction of 33% in five days remained after that stable for at least one week. Chronoamperometric response to substrate acetylthiocholine chloride (ATCl) was assumed to follow Michaelis-Menten kinetics. After exposure biosensor to 25 mM eserine for 10 min, 70% inhibition of enzyme was detected. Reactivation factor of inhibited AChE was determined as 0.016 min-1.
of Inflammatory Structural Lesions in Hand Osteoarthritis: An OMERACT Agreement and Reliability Study

Objective: To standardize and assess the reliability of ultrasonographic assessment of inflammatory and structural lesions in patients with hand osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: The Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) Ultrasound Working Group selected synovial hypertrophy (SH), joint effusion (JE), and power Doppler (PD) signals as the main inflammatory lesions in hand OA, and suggested osteophytes in the scapho-trapezio-trapezoid (STT) and cartilage defects in the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints as novel additions to previous structural scoring systems. A complementary imaging atlas provided detailed examples of the scores. A reliability exercise of static images was performed for the inflammatory features, followed by a patient-based exercise with six sonographers testing inflammatory and structural features in twelve hand OA patients. We used Cohen’s kappa ( κ ) for intra-reader and Light’s κ for inter-reader reliability for all features except PD, in which Prevalence-Adjusted Bias-Adjusted Kappa (PABAK) was applied. Percentage agreement was also assessed. Results: The web-based reliability exercise demonstrated substantial intra- and inter-reader reliability for all inflammatory features ( κ >0.64). In the patient-based exercise, intra- and inter-reader reliability varied: SH κ =0.73 and 0.45; JE κ =0.70 and 0.55; PD PABAK=0.90 and 0.88; PIP cartilage κ =0.56 and 0.45; STT osteophytes κ =0.62 and 0.36. Percentage close agreement was high for all features (>85%). Conclusion: With ultrasound, substantial to excellent intra-reader reliability was found for inflammatory features of hand OA. Inter-reader reliability was moderate, but overall high close agreement between readers suggest that better reliability is achievable after further training. Assessment of osteophytes in the STT joint and cartilage in the PIP joints achieved less good reliability and the latter is not endorsed.
Automated 29-parcel cerebellar segmentation and application to prenatal alcohol exposed children and controls

We present an extension to 29 parcels of our earlier 5 parcel cerebellar segmentation method based on active shape and appearance modeling. The 29 parcel segmentation was trained on expert hand delineated parcellations of prospective motion corrected 0.7 mm 3 images. Test-retest reliability and an expert agreement validity assessment is presented, and the method is then applied to images from adolescents with histories of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) and non-exposed controls (NC) that had been previously analyzed with the 5 parcel method. The additional insights from the 29 parcel segmentation regarding the effects of PAE on the cerebellum are then presented.
An Analytical Study on Content Based Image Retrieval

: The paper deals with the realization of the different techniques used in image retrieval based on content. This paper gives a general idea of the currently accessible literature on content based image retrieval. There are many impressive features for retrieval of an image like Shade, quality and shape is discussed. The implication of content based image retrieval system (CBIR) relies on the adopted appearances to symbolize images in the knowledge base. The demand to recover the accuracy of image retrieval systems and diminish the semantic gap is high in observation of the growing requirement for retrieval of content based image. To attain this accuracy, user communication with the retrieval system is critical since elastic configuration and alteration of queries can only be obtained by involving the user in the retrieval procedure. From the performance obtained by the existing CBIR systems, review on different techniques is discussed in this paper.
ROLE OF HEALTH EDUCATION IN DECREASING THE CASES OF DIABETIC FOOT

: Objectives: Despite of the awareness of LEA in Pakistan, many factors are needed to be educated. This study carries the goal of defining all those factors which a diabetic foot ulcer leading to LEA at a Lahore General Hospital. Methodology: Our research tends to define grades, features, and risks for LEA and DFU selecting subject size of 214 diabetic patients between February 2012 to November 2017 at Lahore General Hospital. Results: Among those patients, 7.9% (17) patients had 1st grade, 62.1% (133) had 2nd grade and 29.9% (64) had 3rd grade ulceration, patients who were healed completely without LEA was 72.43% (155) while the number of patients who underwent LEA was 27.5% (59). Grade of ulceration held a great association with the risk of LEA at UT staging, increasing age, and presentation (p Value equals to 0.001). Female patients suffering from FU had relatively higher P value of 0.0001(BMI), P=0.03(diastolic), P=0.002(systolic), P=0.03(total cholesterol) and blood pressure. Conclusion: We concluded at presentation that grade and severity of foot ulceration determine the outcome of ulceration. Although a significant number of patients who had foot ulceration of an underlying Neuro-ischemic Aetiology, most of them healed. Gender differences had different risk effects among neuropathic ulceration patients. Foot Ulceration (FU), Multivariate Logistic Regression (MLR), Confidence Interval (CI).
Identiﬁcation of Novel Genes Responsible for Overexpression of ampC in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1

The development of resistance to antipseudomonal penicillins and cephalosporins mediated by the chromosomal ampC gene in Pseudomonas aeruginosa is of clinical importance. We isolated piperacillin-resistant mutants derived from P. aeruginosa PAO1 and analyzed two mutants that had an insertion in mpl and nuoN . One mutant, YT1677, was resistant to piperacillin and ceftazidime and had an insertion in mpl , which encodes UDP- N -acetylmuramate: L -alanyl- (cid:2) - D -glutamyl- meso -diaminopimelate ligase. The other mutant, YT7988, showed increased MICs of piperacillin, ceftazidime, cefepime, and cefoperazone, and the insertion was mapped to nuoN , which encodes NADH dehydrogenase I chain N. Complementation experiments demonstrated that these mutations resulted in higher levels of resistance to (cid:3) -lactams. The expression of genes reported to be involved in (cid:3) -lactam resistance was examined by real-time PCR in YT1677 and YT7988 mutants. Overexpression was observed for only ampC , and other genes were expressed normally. Deletion of the ampR gene in YT1677 and YT7988 resulted in decreased expression of ampC , indicating that the mutations in YT1677 and YT7988 affected the expression of ampC through the function of AmpR.
YouTube TM as a source of information for Candida auris infection: A systematic review CURRENT STATUS: UNDER REVIEW

Background: Candida auris is a novel Candida species, and has emerged globally as a multidrug-resistant health care-associated fungal pathogen. YouTubeTM (http://www.youtube.com) as the largest free video-sharing website is increasingly used to search health information. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the content, reliability and quality of YouTube™ videos regarding Candida auris infection, and to identify whether it is a useful resource for people. Methods: The YouTube™ was used to search systematically for videos using the keywords: “Candida auris infection” and “Candida auris”. Strict inclusion and exclusion criteria were used to select the videos. The videos were reviewed and scored by two independent reviewers and recorded the “title”, “length”, “views”, “comments”, “dislike”, “like”, “posted days” and “category of videos”. The videos were categorized as “poor”, “good” and “excellent” by the score. The DISCERN tool was used to assess the reliability of the YouTubeTM videos. Results: Seventy-six videos were included in final analysis in our study. Most videos (59.2%, 55/76) had better quality. There were no statistically significant differences between groups in respect of the number of likes, dislikes, views, comments, percentage positivity, likebility, view rate and viewers' interaction. Length and posted days were significantly associated with the classification. The videos were categorized as “education”, “new report”, “personal experience and blog entertainment” and “interview”. Significant differences were found in the source of videos and the characteristics of the individuals appearing in a video between the groups. Conclusion: YouTubeTM has striking potential to be an effective user-friendly learning interface for people education and understanding of Candida auris infection.
An analysis of longitudinal and transverse arches of children from świętokrzyskie voivodship

Introduction and purpose of the work. Sedentary lifestyle being promoted at present is negatively affecting health and physical fitness of young people. Flat feet is a defect of lower limbs which consists in lowering arches shaping feet. The foot, under normal conditions, rests with three points on the ground: a calcaneal tuber, the head of the first and fifth metatarsals. The purpose of the work was to evaluate longitudinal and transverse arches of children from świętokrzyskie voivodship. program angle index index arch. The relationships between these and investigated well. Conclusions. Children with higher BMI index tend to have a decreased feet arch. With age, the Clarke's angle values decrease.
Human Memory CD4 (cid:2) T Cell Immune Responses against Giardia lamblia

The intestinal protozoan parasite Giardia lamblia may cause severe prolonged diarrheal disease or pass unnoticed as an asymptomatic infection. T cells seem to play an important role in the immune response to Giardia infection, and memory responses may last years. Recently, T H 17 responses have been found in three animal studies of Giardia infection. The aim of this study was to characterize the human CD4 (cid:2) T cell responses to Giardia . Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were obtained from 21 returning travelers with recent or ongoing giardiasis and 12 low-risk healthy controls and stimulated in vitro with Giardia lamblia proteins. Production of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF- (cid:3) ), gamma interferon, interleukin-17A (IL-17A), IL-10, and IL-4 was measured in CD4 (cid:2) effector memory (EM) T cells after 24 h by ﬂow cytometry. After 6 days of culture, activation and proliferation were measured by ﬂow cytometry, while an array of inﬂammatory cytokine levels in supernatants were measured with multiplex assays. We found the number of IL-17A-producing CD4 (cid:2) EM T cells, as well as that of cells simultaneously producing both IL-17A and TNF- (cid:3) , to be signiﬁcantly elevated in the Giardia -exposed individuals after 24 h of antigen stimulation. In supernatants of PBMCs stimulated with Giardia antigens for 6 days, we found inﬂammation-associated cytokines, including 1L-17A, (cid:2) 8 weeks (chronic) were also compared to individuals with giardiasis lasting (cid:10) 8 weeks to investigate whether there were response differences between Giardia infections lasting (cid:10) 8 weeks and those lasting (cid:2) 8 weeks. ThestatisticssoftwareusedwasIBMSPSS(v.21;IBMCorp.,Armonk, Cytokine combinations in pie be-tweenthetwogroupsbyperformingapartialpermutationtestinSPICEasdescribedbyRoedereretal.(26). P
Can Clinical Practice Guide a Research Agenda?

Articles from this issue of the Bulletin indicate that clinicians are frequently adopting clinical practices that have not been supported by an evidence base. Examples of these practices are prescribing more than one antipsychotic and reserving dozapine for patients who have had multiple antipsychotic trials. This commentary suggests that these practices can be used to define important research questions.
Registration of Precession Signal in the Last Interglacial Paleosol (S<sub>1</sub>) on the Chinese Loess Plateau

Solar insolation plays an essential role in driving orbital-scale East Asian Monsoon (EAM) variability. Unlike Chinese speleothem dO records characterized by dominant precessional cycles, many loess proxies from the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP) usually display damped precessional-scale variability. To reconcile the precessional monsoon variability recorded in two classic archives, it’s critical to investigate which factor can significantly affect the sensitivity of loess proxies to precessional forcing. In this study, we synthesize grain size (GS) and magnetic susceptibility (v) results of 18 paleosol (S1) profiles over the CLP, with effort to evaluating the relative impacts of sedimentation rate (SR), and pedogenesis on the precessional signal intensity (PSI) during the last interglaciation. Based on unified grain-size age models, amplitude contrast between normalized GS and v variations of five substages of the last interglaciation is employed to infer the PSI. The results indicate that precessional signals are evident in the GS/v records of the high-SR loess profiles on the northern and western CLP. Comparison of the PSI variations with the SR and mean annual precipitation (MAP) changes suggests that the GS-PSI is positively correlated to the SR changes, while the v-PSI is negatively/positively related to the SR/MAP changes. Our results confirm that distinct precessional cycles in high-resolution loess proxies permit a plausible reconciliation of monsoon variability recorded in Chinese loess and speleothem.
The Labor Market E(cid:11)ects of Welfare Reform

The recent reform of the federal welfare system is meant to encourage recipients to leave welfare and enter the workforce. If the reform is successful there are likely to be e(cid:11)ects felt throughout the low{skilled end of the labor market. As former welfare recipients enter the labor market, they may exert downward pressure on wages or displace employment of others already in the labor market. Since there has been limited changes in eligibility for federal welfare programs from which to draw inferences, the magnitude of these labor market e(cid:11)ects are open to debate. This study considers these issues in general and evaluates how labor markets in Michigan were a(cid:11)ected when the General Assistance program in that state was eliminated in 1991. General Assistance was a large{scale, state{administered program that provided bene(cid:12)ts to people who fell through the cracks in federal anti{poverty programs. In all, about eighty to one{hundred thousand able{bodied adults lost bene(cid:12)ts. Increased labor force participation among these people resulted in a decline in weekly hours among high school drop{outs of 1.2 to 2.4 percent. There is little evidence of declines in hourly earnings, except in the Detroit area, where wages fell by about (cid:12)ve percent.
Adapted NMFD update procedure for removing double hits in drum mixture decompositions

Non-negative matrix factor deconvolution (NMFD) can be used to decompose a drum solo recording into K time-varying spectral templates (the constituent sounds) with corresponding activation functions. Unfortunately, choosing the template length, an important hyper-parameter, is hard: it must be long enough to capture drum hits with a long decay, but when chosen too large, the algorithm often captures multiple drum hits within the same template. We propose to detect the emergence of such ‘double hits’ during optimization, and to replace them with an exponentially decaying extrapolation of the preceding template frames. Experiments demonstrate the eﬀectiveness of this approach.
A Customer Centric Indian Banking System: An Assessment of Marketing Strategies & their Impact on Quality of Service in Public & Private Sector Banks

The banking system in any country has a pivotal role to play in the progress of its trade, commerce and economy. It is not possible to think of modern society’s survival without an appropriate and reliable banking system. Like any other segment of marketing, banks also face tremendous challenges while marketing their services in the cut throat marketing world. The challenges are further intensified ever since the inception of private banks in India, in particular, and worldwide, in general. All the banks, in public sector as well as private sector, try to snatch away each other’s share by adapting to innovative marketing strategies, technological upgrades and making their policies more and more customer centric.
COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMIC MODEL FOR ESTIMATING DROPLET NUMBER FLOW RATE THROUGH A LASER BEAM

: The current work is related to improving security by developing a new type of fog sensors and devices. We investigate fogs and their ability to absorb and clean various pollutants from air, including chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear (CBRN) agents. Fog can be used very effectively for counteraction to terrorist attacks and weapons of mass destruction, as well as for prevention of industrial accidents and disasters. It is crucial to study the specific sizes of fog droplets, which optimally collect dangerous substances. We present a computational fluid dynamic model for estimating droplet number flow rate through a laser beam. It shows, that we can make a quantitative assessment of both the number flow rate and the droplet diameter distribution. After we have confirmed that it is possible to monitor these parameters, we proceed and investigate how they are varied, when the laser beam’s distance from the nozzle is changed. Thus, by selecting the distance between the laser beam and the nozzle, it will be possible to measure the diameters and the number of fog droplets. Different nozzles can be simulated easily by entering their output parameters (mass flow rate, diameter distribution, orifice diameter) in the setup.
A Speciﬁc Blend of Intact Protein Rich in Aspartate Has Strong Postprandial Glucose Attenuating Properties in Rats 1

Threestudieswerecarriedouttohelpdeﬁneanoptimalproteinblendforuseinanutritionalproductfordiabeticpatients. To this end, we tested the effects of coinfusions of combinations of different types of carbohydrates and proteins on the postprandialglycemicplasmaresponseinhealthyrats.Expt. 1comparedtheeffectsofadministeringdifferentformsofsoy protein (intact protein, its hydrolysate, or an equivalent amount of the same amino acids), all in combination with a ﬁxed amount of glucose (Glu), on postprandial Glu and insulin plasma concentrations. Intact soy protein (SI) had stronger insulinogenicpropertiescomparedwithitshydrolysatebutwasequallypotentin reducingthepostprandialGluresponse.In Expt. 2, we compared the effect of replacing 50% of the SI with the whey-derived protein a -lactalbumin when coingested with maltodextrin as the carbohydrate source. Only the speciﬁc aspartate-rich blend of SI and a -lactalbumin signiﬁcantly improved the postprandial Glu response. In Expt. 3, we studied the effect of using the blend of SI and a -lactalbumin combined with a slowly digestible carbohydrate. The protein blend was still capable of signiﬁcantly decreasing the postprandial Glu response even when a slow-release carbohydrate source was included. Combining this aspartate-rich protein blend with a slow-release carbohydrate might therefore lead to a low-glycemic nutritional product beneﬁcial for dietary management in diabetic patients. J. Nutr. 138: 1634–1640, 2008.
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists for Cardiovascular Protection: A Matter of Time.

Efpeglenatide is a newly developed exen-din-derived long-acting glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA). It is characterized by a single-amino-acid modi ﬁ cation of the original primary struc-ture to elude dipeptidyl peptidase 4 deg-radation and conjugation through a ﬂ exible linker to the fragment crystalliz-able region of human IgG4 using the innovative long-acting protein/peptide technology to decrease renal clearance and prevent antidrug antibody develop-ment (1). Preclinical studies showed that efpeglenatide may behave as a supera-gonist, exhibiting lower binding af ﬁ nity to the GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) and inducing reduced GLP-1R internalization and cell desensitization compared with liraglutide and dulaglutide (2). Due to its chemical structure, efpeglenatide is administered once weekly and even once monthly, with glucometabolic effects comparable to those of liraglutide (1). In the recent AMPLITUDE-O trial, the cardiovascular (CV) safety of efpeglenatide in patients
HUMAN FACTORS IN IVE DEVELOPMENT – A CASE STUDY FOR VIRTUAL FEAR OF PUBLIC SPEAKING TRAINING

Virtual Reality (VR) training applications are a success story for research and development. However, in order to firstly, fully understand human-computer interaction in 3D environments and secondly, designing and implementing effective applications, system as well as user characteristics should be acknowledged. This paper deals with a case study of a virtual fear of public speaking training. First aim of the project was to design and implement realistic audience behavior (high simulation fidelity). Findings from three observational studies are presented that formed the basis for the design of a virtual audience. The second goal was to evaluate the prototype. Results from an experimental laboratory user study are presented, analyzing the effect of simulation fidelity on user experience. Our findings highlight the importance of high simulation fidelity for designing and implementing effective (fear triggering) virtual fear of public speaking applications.