Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PayVAE: A Generative Model for Financial Transactions

Financial transactions, such as payments between individuals and institutions, are ubiquitous data both in large ﬁnancial institutions and in peer-to-peer payment services and online marketplaces. Such data have a rich latent structure consisting of both a temporal component, the point process of times at which transactions occur, and a relational component, the patterns of payments between different entities. Most existing approaches either model individual point processes independently, without regard to the relational component, or instead focus on the evolution of the relational structure and ignore the point process of transaction times. We thus pro-pose PayVAE , a generative model which attempts to learn the temporal and relational structure of ﬁnancial transactions directly from the data. We apply our model to a real peer-to-peer payments dataset and demonstrate that it is capable of generating realistic transactions.
Relationship between Delay Discounting and Risk Preference in Chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes ) and Humans

Adaptive decisions require that decision makers factor in the subjective values of different possible outcomes, and the probability of these outcomes occurring. Subjective values depend, among other things, on how far an outcome is away in time. This can be captured by assessing an individual’s delay discounting of different options. An individual’s risk preference also affects how attractive particular choice options appear to them. In humans, probability discounting and delay discounting are often related. People who show more risky behaviors also tend to be more impulsive and less patient. Based on such findings, single-process models of delay discounting and probability discounting have been suggested. In the current study, we tested if this relationship is equally present in chimpanzees, one of human’s closest extant evolutionary relatives. We presented 23 chimpanzees with a patience task and a risky-choice task. The patience task was designed to explicitly distinguish between delay preference and self-control (i.e., the ability to wait a given delay). Still, we found no strong correlations between risk and delay preferences. As this task has not been used with humans before, we implemented a computerized version and tested it in a sample of twenty adult participants. Initial results indicate that the task is well suited to capture patience, and it makes a promising candidate to be used in behavioral delay discounting experiments in humans.
A beneficial effect of a Cogmed working memory training on intelligence without an improvement in working memory capacity.

A Cogmed working memory training was done aimed to enhance intelligence in a group of adolescents at risk for school dropout and with below average IQ through an increase in working memory capacity. The adolescents came from poor families and 84% came from minority groups. The effect of the Cogmed working memory training was tested in a randomized control trial with a reading comprehension and a no-training control group. We took care that the amount of coaching to ensure treatment integrity was similar in both training groups. The trainings took ﬁve weeks but were followed two months later by a 1-week booster. Participants were 64 students (42 boys and 22 girls) with a mean age of 14,6 years ( SD (cid:2) 16.5 months). An intermediate-test was done after the 5 week training and a posttest at the end of the year, 3 months after the booster. Measures of working memory capacity were involved at pre-, intermediate and posttest. IQ and school achievement were included at pretest and posttest. We found short but no long-term effects on working memory capacity. Surprisingly, at posttest both trainings had an effect on IQ and school achievement in the absence of an increase in working memory capacity. We argue that these results might be due to more general aspects of these interventions, in particular the coaching and support that were provided to the students.
Improvement of compactness of low pass and band pass filter using a simple combination of cross‐defected ground structure and a discontinuous microstrip line

This article presents a method to reduce the size of LPF/BPF using defected ground structure (DGS). The DGS filter structure employs two cross‐slots etched in the ground plane. To validate the feasibility of the proposed design method, a low‐pass filter with 0.1‐dB ripple is designed, fabricated, and measured. Then a simple technique to transform the designed BPF to a LPF was presented. Additionally, a new suspended Layer's technique will be used with DGS in order to reduce more the size and to suppress the second harmonic in reject band. The second order band pass filter was designed using the proposed technique and their simulation results confirmed the validity of the technique. Simulated and measured results of the proposed filters are presented and show good agreements. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 1191–1195, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24291
Supplementary Material: Class-Agnostic Segmentation Loss and Its Application to Salient Object Detection and Segmentation

where N is the number of regions in the ground truth mask; r1, . , ri, rj , . , rN denotes the regions of the ground truth mask (a particular segment); |ri| denotes the number of pixels in the region ri; s = {s, . , s, . , s} is a vector of output descriptor components (or softmax output) of the network; m ∈ {1, . ,M} where M denotes the number of output (softmax) channels i.e., number of units in the last layer of the network; α ∈ [0, 1] is a scalar, a weighing hyper-parameter which assigns weight to each term; for a region r we have that, ŝ(r) = {ŝ(r), . , ŝ(r), . , ŝ(r)} is a vector containing channel-wise mean of the descriptor values; where for a channel m, ŝ(r) = 1 |r| ∫
Is There Aggravating Effect of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy on Diabetic Retinopathy and Macular Edema?

A 54-years-old diabetic patient was referred to our clinic for fundus examination. The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) with Snellen chart was 0.3 and 0.5 in the right and left eyes, respectively. In the fundus examination, moderate non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (DR) signs and diabetic macular edema (DME) were detected in both eyes. FFA imaging was planned. OCT showed increased macular thickness (CMT) in both eyes, DME and serous macular detachment. Three monthly intravitreal anti-VEGF injection was recommended for both eyes. However, we were unable to treat the patient due to presence of diabetic foot; thus, the patient underwent hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) over a month. However, the patient presented with accelerated decrease in vision in both eyes 10 day after completion of HBOT. The BCVA was found as 0.1 and 0.05 in the right and left eyes, respectively. In addition, it was found that there was worsening in DME, serous macular detachment in both eyes with optic disc neovascularization (NVD) in the left eye. The disease progression may be due to poor diabetes regulation in the patient and inability to receive intravitreal treatment. However, the fact that there was no loss in visual acuity during HBOT but occurred on day after the completion of HBOT and that NVD was developed in this period should be questioned. We think that the sudden drop in oxygen saturation after the end of HBOT may have contributed to this situation. We believe that this condition should be addressed in all patients with elevated VEGF levels, such as DR.
Does Consumption Respond to Transitory Shocks?

Studies based on natural experiments find that consumption responds strongly and significantly to a transitory variation in income, while semi-structural estimations find no pass-through of transitory shocks to consumption. I develop a more robust semi-structural estimator that relaxes the assumption that logconsumption is a random walk. The robust pass-through estimate is significant and large, implying a yearly MPC of 0.32, close to the natural experiment findings. The robust estimator performs well in numerical simulations of a life-cycle model while non-robust estimators do not. The difference between the two in the simulations is similar to their difference in the survey data. JEL: D11, D12, D15, E21
Large-Scale Image Processing Research Cloud

We have entered the enormous information period, where monstrous information are produced each single day. The majority of these new produced enormous information are pictures and recordings. Other than the quick expanding information size, the picture and video handling calculations become considerably more intricate, which presents extraordinary requests to information stockpiling and calculation power. Our picture preparing cloud venture plans to help the picture handling research by utilizing the distributed computing and huge information examination innovation. In this paper, we present our plan for picture preparing cloud design, and huge information handling motor dependent on Hadoop. We likewise report the exhibition adaptability and examination on the cloud utilizing a few broadly utilized picture preparing calculations.
On the Stability of System Rankings at WMT

The current approach to collecting human judgments of machine translation quality for the news translation task at WMT – segment rating with document context – is the most recent in a sequence of changes to WMT human annotation protocol. As these annotation protocols have changed over time, they have drifted away from some of the initial statistical assumptions underpinning them, with consequences that call the validity of WMT news task system rankings into question. In simulations based on real data, we show that the rankings can be influenced by the presence of outliers (high- or low-quality systems), resulting in different system rankings and clusterings. We also examine questions of annotation task composition and how ease or difficulty of translating different documents may influence system rankings. We provide discussion of ways to analyze these issues when considering future changes to annotation protocols.
AN EVALUATION OF THE KEY INFLUENCING FACTORS FOR TRAMP SHIPPING CORPORATIONS SELECTING SHIP MANAGEMENT COMPANIES

The shipping industry is a global business and the number of privately-owned ships represents the strength of the shipping industry. However, global trades and the shipping business today are in poor economic shape. The more ships a company owns, the greater the burden on shipping operators. For the tramp shipping industry, using ship leasing, besides convenience, flexibility, time-saving, and tax benefits, commissioning a ship management company (SMC) to handle its non-core business can also result in greater financial liquidity providing the shipping companies with increased investment and purchasing power in other areas. This study is based on a consideration of the direction of tramp shipping corporations (TSCs) towards a survey questionnaire of TSCs in Taiwan using the SAVE framework, including solution (S), access (A), value (V) and education (E), built on a model to analyze TSCs who have chosen to employ an SMC to handle their non-core business, and using the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (Fuzzy AHP) and the revised decision making trial and evaluation laboratory (Revised DEMATEL) to seek the suitability of key influencing factors, their relevance, and their business strategy. The results of this study can provide an important research reference for TSCs’ outsourcing strategies in the future.
Review of the distribution of granite using geomagnetic methods at Bukit Nunggal Air Mesu Village, Pangkalan Baru Sub-District, Bangka Tengah District

Exploration is activities happens before the mining activity. It has purposes to know, predict and obtain the dimension in quality and quantity from a reserve that has economic value. From surveying at bukit Nunggal, Mesu Village, Pangkalan Baru Sub-district, Bangka Tengah District showed that there are outcrops indicating the potential for becoming a reserve for granite. Measurement is conducted to know the resource estimation and it is done by an approach of geomagnetic method that is environment friendly. Geomagnetic is passive method to measure the magnetism level or susceptibility from the measuring point. The total of the line to know the dispersion pattern and the depth of the resource is 13 lines with the space between measurement is 10m. From the geomagnetic measurement obtained IGRF value is 42969, inclined degree 0.424 declined degree – 21.157, susceptibility value in between -54.2nT to 56.1 nT, and the granite susceptibility value is in between 21 nT to 50nT. The anomalies map showed that there is a resource potential, and the dispersion is from east to west. Viewed from the topography and the residential areas, mining activity is recommended to be done in the west area.
Influential Factors of Smartphone App Download Intention

The popularity of smartphones created a trend of downloading and utilizing mobile applications (apps). They are constantly used and have become one of the main applications in daily life. In both platforms of IOS and Android, free apps have the higher proportion of the software market. To explore the download intention of apps is the focus of industry and academic research. The connections, convenience, consumer experience, and other factors are critical to the users. For the convenience of sampling method, this study sent out Chinese online questionnaires to target smartphones users and their experience using apps. The author collected 76 effective samples and inferred that smartphone users download the apps due to curiosity (curiosity about the novelty of the titles), perceived values (willing to spend time on learning), and self-efficacy (bringing convenience and functional simplicity to life), but not for aesthetic reasons (appreciating the well-designed icons).
Ablation studies on YOLOFruit detection algorithm for fruit harvesting robot using deep learning

Fruit detection algorithm as an integral part of harvesting robot is expected to be robust, accurate, and fast against environmental factors such as occlusion by stem and leaves, uneven illumination, overlapping fruit and many more. For this reason, this paper explored and compared ablation studies on proposed YOLOFruit, YOLOv4, and YOLOv5 detection algorithms. The final selected YOLOFruit algorithm used ResNet43 backbone with Combined activation function for feature extraction, Spatial Pyramid Pooling Network (SPPNet) for detection accuracies, Feature Pyramid Network (FPN) for feature pyramids, Distance Intersection Over Union-Non Maximum Suppression (DIoU-NMS) for detection efficiency and accuracy, and Complete Intersection Over Union (CIoU) loss for faster and better performance. The obtained results showed that the average detection accuracy of YOLOFruit at 86.2% is 1% greater than YOLOv4 at 85.2% and 4.3% higher than YOLOv5 at 81.9%, while the detection time of YOLOFruit at 11.9ms is faster than YOLOv4 at 16.6ms, but not with YOLOv5 at 2.7ms. Hence, the YOLOFruit detection algorithm is highly prospective for better generalization and real-time fruit detection.
Future production of bioethanol from microalgae as a renewable source of energy

Fossil fuels that mainly supply the current increasing world’s energy demand originated from non-renewable resources. In addition to the depletion of their resources within the next short time, the combustion of fossil fuels to power industries and transportation also negatively impacts humans and the environment due to the release of various gaseous pollutants. To increase the share of renewables in the primary energy mix, the Government of Indonesia is currently struggling to meet a target of 23% by 2025. Therefore, more significant efforts to search for potential renewable energy sources are the only way to overcome this issue. Bioethanol is an eco-friendly renewable energy source since its combustion emits a low concentration of pollutants. Microalgae have gained significant interest in bioethanol production because of rapid biomass growth and relatively easy pre-treatment steps. It is renewable, carbon-neutral, sustainable and can be grown in wastewater coupling as wastewater treatment. This paper reviews bioethanol production, providing knowledge on the characteristics of microalgae potential for producing biomass to be converted into bioethanol, introducing process for bioethanol production, and presenting the potential challenges of bioethanol as a future renewable energy.
Reacting JIT ordering systems to the unstable changes in demand

In order to realize an agile control for multi-stage production inventory systems, this paper proposes reactive JIT (Just-in-Time) ordering systems for the unstable changes in demand. Two JIT ordering systems, the Kanban system and the concurrent ordering system, are dealt with. For the JIT ordering systems, a reactive controller of buffer size is proposed in this paper. In the proposed systems, the unstable changes in demand are detected with the exponentially weighted moving average charts, and the buffer size at each inventory point is controlled for reacting to the detected unstable changes. The performances of the proposed JIT ordering systems are analysed and compared with each other by simulation experiments.
Waste Water Purification from Metal Ions by Ultra-Dispersed Natural Sorbents

This work is devoted to mine wastewater purification from metal ions, such as copper, zinc, lead, cadmium, iron, and manganese. The rationale was provided for the possibility to purify the wastewater from metal ions with nonactivated and ultra-dispersed natural sorbents. The adsorption capacity of bentonite clay from Tagan deposit and shungite from Koksui deposit of the Republic of Kazakhstan was studied on the basis of its fraction composition. It was found that the most effective method of sorbents modification was mechanical activation. The comparative studies of metal ions adsorption efficiency were carried out with mechanically activated and ultra-dispersed bentonite clay and shungite. The experiment enabled to find out that ultra-dispersed bentonite clay is prospective for use in order to deeply purify multicomponent mine wastewater. The highest degree of metal ions extraction was achieved due to 30-minutes contact of wastewater.
NONLINEAR FINITE-ELEMENT MODEL FOR LIGHT-FRAME STUD WALLS

Considerable attention has been given to the performance and modeling of wood‐frame stud walls in the past two decades, and linear and nonlinear models were presented. Linear models do not truly describe the wall behavior. They either underestimate or overestimate the wall stiffness, depending upon load applied. In this presentation, the writers use load‐deflection characteristics to transform a three‐dimensional detailed model of a wood‐frame stud wall into a simple two‐dimensional model made equivalent to the original substructure by energy concepts. The detailed model is represented in three dimensions by linear and nonlinear finite elements, where each nail joint is included via its translational stiffness. Gaps and discontinuities in the sheathing are also considered. The model is loaded in shear, torsion, X‐, and Y‐bending, simulating simple tests of the real substructure. Results are used to identify properties of an “equivalent” orthotropic continuum. The application of equivalent models in a full.
Manufacturing of Bricks in the Past, in the Present and in the Future: A state of the Art Review

The most basic building material for construction of houses is the conventional brick. The rapid growth in today’s construction industry has obliged the civil engineers in searching for more efficient and durable alternatives far beyond the limitations of the conventional brick production. A number of studies had taken serious steps in manufacturing bricks from several of waste materials. However, the traditional mean of bricks production which has brought hazardous impacts to the context has not yet been changed or replaced by more efficient and sustainable one. This paper aims to compile this state of the art work of manufacturing bricks in the past and the current trend in the bricks industry with respect to the raw materials, ways of manufacturing and the out- comings. Moreover, the hazardous impacts of the conventional brick manufacturing will be wholly covered as well as the attempts of the previous researches in treating the problem properly. This paper is an attempt to fill the gap of the past studies and suggest more sustainable and sophisticated methods of brick manufacturing in the future.
Risk analysis and solution of using graphene: Material, synthesis, and application (Mini review)

Graphene is a nanomaterial with unique physical and chemical properties. The two-dimensional hexagonal sp2 structure in the honeycomb lattice has high thermal conductivity, high electricity, mechanical strength, and large surface area. The nano properties are significantly different from the bulk material. The review of the material, synthesis and application aspects of graphene gave rise to risk analysis in each field of study. Graphene material does not yet have adequate information regarding the risk of danger. Because graphene is nano-sized, this material can enter the human body through inhalation, ocular, cutaneous and oral. Graphene synthesis involves using chemicals that will produce hazardous products and reduce agents with high toxicity. The risk becomes more and more when the challenges of mass production of graphene are faced. Graphene can be applied as sensors, nanoelectronics, and biomedical applications. In this biomedical application, graphene has direct contact with humans and can increase reactive oxygen species in the body. The recommendation to overcome the risk is to use personal protective equipment and handle graphene material properly. The toxic materials involve in the synthesis step can be replaced with other environmentally friendly materials. Antidotes substances can reduce the toxicity of graphene materials so that the risks graphene in its application can be overcome.
ESTIMATION OF PARTIAL DISCHARGE PARAMETERS IN GIS USING ACOUSTIC EMISSION TECHNIQUES

Conventional electrical techniques for the monitoring of partial discharge (p.d.) activity in enclosed systems like gas insulated substations (GIS) have certain inherent limitations, which has prompted the exploration of non-electrical techniques. Acoustic detection of p.d. in a GIS is based on the retrieval and analysis of mechanical signals produced on the walls of the metallic enclosure due to electrical discharge activity within. A theoretical modelling of the process by which a discharge produced within the GIS sets up detectable signals on the walls of the enclosure seems to be lacking. The present work consists of the development of a model for the propagation of electrically induced acoustic waves through gaseous medium, and their effect on the walls of the GIS, giving adequate representation to fluid–structure coupling. A numerical simulation of the process is shown to yield important information about the proper type of instrumentation required for such non-invasive tests, and aid in designing robust strategies for locating the source of the discharge.