Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Statistics of nonequilibrium trajectories and pattern selection

The probability distribution of macroscopic nonequilibrium trajectories is constructed on a general ground. The phenomenological constitutive relations correspond to the evolution equation of the most probable path. A generalized entropy production, which reduces to the thermodynamic entropy production when the constitutive relations are linear, is shown to be maximized within the trajectory space of solutions to the phenomenological evolution equation.
An analysis of a DGS‐inserted stub resonator and its application to an optimum BSF

A novel defected ground structure (DGS)‐inserted stub (DIS) resonator is proposed. The proposed DIS resonator features a typical dumbbell‐shaped DGS inserted into an conventional open‐circuited stub (OCS) resonator, and it is modeled by a series LC resonator. The inserted DGS can suppress a harmonic and extend an upper passband. Therefore, the proposed DIS resonator to generate a resonance at 2.0 GHz keeps the upper passband up to 8.0 GHz or higher, while the OCS resonator with the same resonance gives rise to the harmonic at 5.78 GHz. These properties are investigated through EM simulation. Moreover, in order to verify the applicability of the proposed DIS resonator to microwave filters, two optimum bandstop filters (BSFs) with the same stopband at 2.0 GHz using the proposed DIS and OCS resonators are fabricated and measured, respectively. Compared to the optimum BSF using the OCS resonator, the optimum BSF using the proposed DIS resonator shows two notable improvements: a 50% increase in the upper passband and a 15% reduction in the size.
RANCANGAN PENGUKURAN KINERJA RANTAI PASOK BARANG PASSTHROUGH DI PT. INDONESIA NIPPON SEIKI DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN PENDEKATAN BALANCED SCORECARD

PT. Indonesia Nippon Seiki Supply Chain Performance related to supplying Passthrough good, based on three categories, the quantity, ontime delivery and quality, the performance can not reach 100% performance. Management said that to reach perfect performance PT. INS must take high cost consequenses. There are too many factor that must be considered, so three point of view are not enough to describe the performance of the supply chain of the Passthrough goods. In this research, the writer tries to propose some Key performance indicator (KPI) based on Balanced Scorecard approach related to Supply Chain issues. All of these KPI‟s will be choosen by some management of INS as the questionaire respondent, using Analitical Hirarchy Process (AHP) and then after the proper KPI have determined the performance will be calculated and will be sumarized using Objective Matric Weighting, to get an objective analysis of the performance of Passthrough good Supply chain in PT. INS. The result of the research, there are 22 KPIs that are used to calculate the perfomace of Passthrough good Supply chain in PT. INS based on Balanced Scorecard approach. The research shows that the performance of Passthrough good Supply chain year 2012 is low but in 2013, the performance tend to be increase. PT. INS must concern to resolve the customer complaint because this KPI tend to be not good. But in generally the performance is growing better and have a lot of chances for improvement.
Comparison of Radio Frequency Path Loss Models in Soil for Wireless Underground Sensor Networks

A wireless Underground Sensor Network (WUSN) is a group of sensors that collectively communicate through the underground medium. Radio Frequency (RF) signal transmission of the sensors through the ground is the most challenging aspects of a WUSN due to the high attenuation of the electromagnetic (EM) signal in the soil. Signals are often required to travel through soils with a high density or water content and generally through a non-isotropic and non-homogenous soil mixture with different boundaries, both of which can attenuate the signal sharply. The variability of the these conditions and complexity of the behaviour of signal attenuation with respect to these parameters makes accurate estimation of EM signal attenuation in soil challenging. Two main EM signal attenuation models exist to estimate attenuation (modified-Friis and Complex Refractive Index Model-Fresnel (CRIM-Fresnel). These were reviewed and a methodology was developed in order to measure the attenuation of the EM signals in the laboratory. Results from the laboratory measurements were compared with the estimation values calculated from the attenuation models. These comparisons showed a large difference between the estimated values by the models. In addition, analysis of the comparison tests showed that the CRIM-Fresnel model provides a better estimation of attenuation in samples with lower permittivity values while the modified-Friis model had a higher accuracy in samples with higher clay/water content which have higher permittivity values.
Chiral four-dimensional string compactifications with intersecting D-branes

We review the construction of chiral four-dimensional compactifications of type IIA string theory with intersecting D6-branes. Such models lead to four-dimensional theories with non-Abelian gauge interactions and charged chiral fermions. We discuss the application of these techniques to the building of models with spectrum as close as possible to the standard model, and review their main phenomenological properties. We also emphasize the advantages/disadvantages of carrying out this idea using supersymmetric or non-supersymmetric models.
Factoring environment into electrification management in a region

Electrification is an integrated continuous process of production, transmission, distribution and use of electric power in a region’s economy. Analysis of global trends shows that demand for electric power as the most advanced and flexible energy carrier has been growing as many countries are in transition to a new industrial landscape. Along with that, the energy provision of industrial and domestic processes is becoming more intellect-intensive, while environmental issues are receiving special attention. This determines the relevance of the study. The authors have designed a methodology for factoring the environment into regional electrification programs. The methodology includes the following steps: ranking and selecting facilities to be electrified based on the criterion of minimal values of the ‘electricity-for-fuel substitution coefficient’; application of the energy and economic effect to financially compensate for environmental impacts; introduction of demand side management programs that help improve the environmental situation in the region. An ‘ideal’ structural model of electrification is proposed for regions with high eco-loads. The model combines a method for selecting facilities to be electrified, pro-active energy conservation, adding more energy installations utilizing carbon-neutral fuels to the power generating system.
Fourier decomposition of segmented magnets with radial magnetization in surface-mounted PM machines

Abstract This paper presents a generic field model of radial magnetization (RM) pattern produced by multiple segmented magnets per rotor pole in surface-mounted permanent magnet (PM) machines. The magnetization vectors from either odd- or even-number of magnet blocks per pole are described. Fourier decomposition is first employed to derive the field model, and later integrated with the exact 2D analytical subdomain method to predict the magnetic field distributions and other motor global quantities. For the assessment purpose, a 12-slot/8-pole surface-mounted PM motor with two segmented magnets per pole is investigated by using the proposed field model. The electromagnetic performances of the PM machines are intensively predicted by the proposed magnet field model which include the magnetic field distributions, airgap flux density, phase back-EMF, cogging torque, and output torque during either open-circuit or on-load operating conditions. The analytical results are evaluated and compared with those obtained from both 2D and 3D finite element analyses (FEA) where an excellent agreement has been achieved.
On the inverse conductivity problem with one measurement

The authors are looking for an open set D entering the coefficient of the elliptic equation div((1+chi (D)) Del u)=0 in a domain Omega when for one given non-zero Neumann data on delta Omega they know the Dirichlet data on a part of delta Omega (a single boundary measurement). Here chi (D) is the indicator function of D. They prove uniqueness for sets D which are convex cylinders or unions of discs whose centres are extreme points of the convex hull of those centres.
On the dimensionality of spacetime

Some superstring theories have more than one effective low-energy limit corresponding to classical spacetimes with different dimensionalities. We argue that all but the (3 + 1)-dimensional one might correspond to `dead worlds', devoid of observers, in which case all such ensemble theories would actually predict that we should find ourselves inhabiting a (3 + 1)-dimensional spacetime. With more or less than one time dimension, the partial differential equations of nature would lack the hyperbolicity property that enables observers to make predictions. In a space with more than three dimensions, there can be no traditional atoms and perhaps no stable structures. A space with less than three dimensions allows no gravitational force and may be too simple and barren to contain observers.
Pickering Emulsions Containing Cellulose Microfibers Produced by Mechanical Treatments as Stabilizer in the Food Industry

Pickering emulsions are emulsions stabilized by solid particles, which generally provide a more stable system than traditional surfactants. Among various solid stabilizers, bio-based particles from renewable resources, such as micro- and nanofibrillated cellulose, may open up new opportunities for the future of Pickering emulsions owing to their properties of nanosize, biodegradability, biocompatibility, and renewability. The aim of this research was to obtain oil-in water (O/W) Pickering emulsions using cellulose microfibers (CMF) produced from cotton cellulose linters by mechanical treatment through a high-pressure homogenizer. The O/W Pickering emulsions were prepared with different O/W ratios by mixing edible oil (sunflower oil) with water containing CMF at concentrations of up to 1.0 wt%. The apparent viscosity of the separated emulsion phase was measured. Results showed the feasibility of using low concentration of CMF for preparing and stabilizing Pickering emulsions, with the apparent viscosity of the emulsion phase increasing 60–90 times with respect to the sunflower oil, for a shear rate of 1 s−1. In addition, theoretical nutrition facts of the emulsions were calculated and compared with other fats used in foods, showing that they can be a promising low-calorie product containing dietary fiber, replacing trans and saturated fats in foods.
Fiber-based laser MOPA transmitter packaging for space environment

NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center has been developing lidar to remotely measure CO2 and CH4 in the Earth’s atmosphere. The ultimate goal is to make space-based satellite measurements with global coverage. We are working on maturing the technology readiness of a fiber-based, 1.57-micron wavelength laser transmitter designed for use in atmospheric CO2 remote-sensing. To this end, we are building a ruggedized prototype to demonstrate the required power and performance and survive the required environment. We are building a fiber-based master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) laser transmitter architecture. The laser is a wavelength-locked, single frequency, externally modulated DBR operating at 1.57-micron followed by erbium-doped fiber amplifiers. The last amplifier stage is a polarization-maintaining, very-large-mode-area fiber with ~1000 μm2 effective area pumped by a Raman fiber laser. The optical output is single-frequency, one microsecond pulses with >450 μJ pulse energy, 7.5 KHz repetition rate, single spatial mode, and < 20 dB polarization extinction.
Long-Term Effects of Recommendation on the Evolution of Online Systems

We employ a bipartite network to describe an online commercial system. Instead of investigating accuracy and diversity in each recommendation, we focus on studying the influence of recommendation on the evolution of the online bipartite network. The analysis is based on two benchmark datasets and several well-known recommendation algorithms. The structure properties investigated include item degree heterogeneity, clustering coefficient and degree correlation. This work highlights the importance of studying the effects and performance of recommendation in long-term evolution.
Effective Action for Noncommutative U(1) Gauge Theory with Higher Dimensional Terms

In this paper we apply the assumption of our recent work in noncommutative scalar models to the noncommutative U(1) gauge theories. This assumption is that the noncommutative effects start to be visible continuously from a scale ΛNC and that below this scale the theory is a commutative one. Based on this assumption and using background field method and loop calculations, an effective action is derived for noncommutative U(1) gauge theory. It will be shown that the corresponding low energy effective theory is asymptotically free and that under this condition the noncommutative quadratic IR divergences will not appear. The effective theory contains higher dimensional terms, which become more important at high energies. These terms predict an elastic photon-photon scattering due to the noncommutativity of space. The coefficients of these higher dimensional terms also satisfy a positivity constraint indicating that in this theory the related diseases of superluminal signal propagating and bad analytic properties of S-matrix do not exist. In the last section, we will apply our method to the noncommutative extra dimension theories.
Quasi-normal modes of toroidal, cylindrical and planar black holes in anti-de Sitter spacetimes: scalar, electromagnetic and gravitational perturbations

We study the quasi-normal modes (QNM) of scalar, electromagnetic and gravitational perturbations of black holes in general relativity whose horizons have toroidal, cylindrical or planar topology in an asymptotically anti-de Sitter (AdS) spacetime. The associated QNM frequencies describe the decay in time of the corresponding test field in the vicinities of the black hole. In terms of the AdS/CFT conjecture, the inverse of the frequency is a measure of the dynamical timescale of approach to thermal equilibrium of the corresponding conformal field theory.
Optimal power flow control of hybrid renewable energy system with energy storage: A WOANN strategy

This paper proposed an optimal control technique for power flow control of hybrid renewable energy systems (HRESs) like a combined photovoltaic and wind turbine system with energy storage. The proposed optimal control technique is the joined execution of both the whale optimization algorithm (WOA) and the artificial neural network (ANN). Here, the ANN learning process has been enhanced by utilizing the WOA optimization process with respect to the minimum error objective function and named as WOANN. The proposed WOANN predicts the required control gain parameters of the HRES to maintain the power flow, based on the active and reactive power variation in the load side. To predict the control gain parameters, the proposed technique considers power balance constraints like renewable energy source accessibility, storage element state of charge, and load side power demand. By using the proposed technique, power flow variations between the source side and the load side and the operational cost of HRES in light of weekly and daily prediction grid electricity prices have been minimized. The proposed technique is implemented in the MATLAB/Simulink working stage, and the effectiveness is analyzed via the comparison analysis using the existing techniques.This paper proposed an optimal control technique for power flow control of hybrid renewable energy systems (HRESs) like a combined photovoltaic and wind turbine system with energy storage. The proposed optimal control technique is the joined execution of both the whale optimization algorithm (WOA) and the artificial neural network (ANN). Here, the ANN learning process has been enhanced by utilizing the WOA optimization process with respect to the minimum error objective function and named as WOANN. The proposed WOANN predicts the required control gain parameters of the HRES to maintain the power flow, based on the active and reactive power variation in the load side. To predict the control gain parameters, the proposed technique considers power balance constraints like renewable energy source accessibility, storage element state of charge, and load side power demand. By using the proposed technique, power flow variations between the source side and the load side and the operational cost of HRES in light o.
The Effect of Automation on Human Factors in Aviation

This paper looks to examine the effect of modern day automation on the human machine by reviewing literature spanning over three decades. Using the current human factors model SCHELL, we will review a significant aviation accident to determine the human factors components that contributed to the fatal crash. Conditions such as automation bias and complacency continue to surface as contributing factors in aviation accidents and incidents. A novel application to combat these human errors for operational pilots during low work phases of flight is suggested. The importance of visualisation in the maintenance of manual flying skills is discussed with support from a neuroplasticity experiment that highlights the significance of this action.
Population synthesis of high-mass binaries

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Duality of self-promotion on social networking sites

PurposeSelf-promotion on social networking sites (SNSs) is a controversial issue as it has been attributed to various positive and negative consequences. To better understand the reasons for the mixed consequences and the nature of self-promotion on SNSs, the purpose of this paper is to theorize and empirically investigate the duality of SNS self-promotion and its underlying socio-psychological mechanisms.Design/methodology/approachBy drawing on the motivational affordance lens and self-determination theory, this study develops a theoretical account of the duality of self-promotion on SNSs. The author places subjective vitality and SNS addiction as the positive and negative consequences of self-promotion. The model was tested using partial least squares technique with data collected from 289 Finnish Facebook users using a survey.FindingsThe results show that self-promotion contributes to both subjective vitality and to SNS addiction. Importantly, exhibitionism attenuates the effect of self-promotion on subjective vitality and amplifies the effect of self-promotion on SNS addiction. The feature-level analysis shows that status updates, adding photos, commenting in others’ posts and profile completeness are the main determinants of self-promotion. Status updates, adding photos and check-ins, in turn, have high exhibitionistic appeal.Originality/valueTo date, the empirical attempts to investigate the duality of SNS use have been rare. In particular, prior research is largely silent in explaining what tilt the outcomes of self-promotion either toward positive or negative direction. The paper fills this theoretical and empirical gap and thus contributes to literature on dualities of SNS use.
Extinguishing phenomenon and critical discharge boundaries of argon and molecular-gas-seeded argon pulse-modulated induction thermal plasmas

A stable discharge region of pulse modulated induction thermal plasma at atmospheric pressure has been determined in terms of the duty factor (DF) and the shimmer current level (SCL) both experimentally and numerically. The experiment was performed with a MOSFET-employed inverter-feed pulse modulated power supply unit having a maximum power of up to 50 kW. The on-time of the pulsing signal was fixed at 10 ms while the off-time was varied to determine the critical/minimum DF up to which plasma discharge sustained, for a fixed SCL. In this way, for different SCLs, critical/minimum DFs were determined for different gas combinations. The gas flow was composed of 100 lpm argon and 2.5 lpm H2, N2 or CO2 as secondary gas through the sheath channel only. Steady state coil currents for Ar, Ar–H2, Ar–N2 and Ar–CO2 were 244 A, 263 A, 296 A and 296 A, respectively. In the numerical part, a two-dimensional local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) code was used to predict the discharge boundary for the same operating conditions as those of the experiment. Both experimental and simulated results reveal that injection of dissociative molecular gases greatly shrinks the stable discharge region, which is attributed to the lowering of temperature and particle density. It was found that the stable discharge region predicted numerically was smaller than that of the experimental one. This implies that a non-LTE plasma has a discharge zone wider than that of an LTE plasma.
Learning in Neural Networks: Solvable Dynamics

The performance of an iterative learning rule for neural networks of spin-glass-type is studied. The algorithm minimizes a cost function quadratic in the synaptic couplings. An exact expression for the time development of the cost function is derived for the case of extensively many random patterns in large networks. A learning time as a function of the storage ratio α (number of patterns/number of spins) is calculated. It diverges as (1 − α)−2 as the storage ratio approaches 1.
Stability of gravitational and electromagnetic geons

Recent work on gravitational geons is extended to examine the stability properties of gravitational and electromagnetic geon constructs. All types of geons must possess the property of regularity, self-consistency and quasi-stability on a time-scale much longer than the period of the comprising waves. Standard perturbation theory, modified to accommodate time-averaged fields, is used to test the requirement of quasi-stability. It is found that the modified perturbation theory results in an internal inconsistency. The time-scale of evolution is found to be of the same order of magnitude as the period of the comprising waves. This contradicts the requirement of slow evolution. Thus not all of the requirements for the existence of electromagnetic or gravitational geons are met though perturbation theory. From this result it cannot be concluded that an electromagnetic or a gravitational geon is a viable entity. The broader implications of the result are discussed with particular reference to the problem of gravitational energy.