Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Income Disparities in Obesity Trends among U.S. Adults: An Analysis of the 2011–2014 California Health Interview Survey

The aim of this study was to examine income disparities in obesity trends among California adults. Data were obtained from the 2011–2014 California Health Interview Survey (n = 83,175 adults). Obesity for adults was defined as a body mass index of 30 kg/m2 or above. Family income was categorized as below 100%, 100% to 299%, or 300% and above of the federal poverty level (FPL). Weighted multiple logistic regression analyses were used to examine the association between family income and obesity across survey years after controlling for age, sex, race/ethnicity, smoking status, marital status, education, physical activity, and healthy diet. Obesity prevalence among California adults increased slightly from 25.1% in 2011 to 27.0% in 2014. Compared to 300% FPL or above, <100% FPL and 100–299% FPL were associated with increased odds of obesity, respectively (OR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.22–1.50, for 100–299% FPL; OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.10–1.27, for 300% FPL or above). Each year, lower FPL was associated with higher odds of obesity, except for the year 2014. An inverse association between obesity and family income in each survey year was observed, with the magnitude of the income disparity decreasing from 2011 to 2014. The findings of this study show that family income was negatively associated with obesity among adults in California from 2011–2014, and the magnitude of the income disparity in obesity prevalence decreased over this period. Future studies need to examine potential risk factors associated with the decreasing trend.
Risk of outcomes in a Spanish population with chronic kidney disease

ABSTRACT Objectives To assess mortality and cardiovascular and renal outcomes among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) (primary objective), with a particular focus on heart failure (HF) risk following diagnosis of CKD (secondary objective) in Spain. Methods We conducted an observational study comprising cross-sectional and longitudinal retrospective analyses using secondary data from electronic health records. For the primary objective, adults with prevalent CKD [estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 or ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2 with a urine albumin:creatinine ratio (UACR) ≥30 mg/g at the index date (1 January 2017)] were included. For the secondary objective, adults with incident CKD in 2017 were enrolled. Results In the prevalent population, 46 786 patients with CKD without HF [75.8 ± 14.4 years, eGFR 51.4 ± 10.1 mL/min/1.73 m2; 75.1% on renin–angiotensin system inhibitors (RASis)] and 8391 with CKD and HF (79.4 ± 10.9 years, eGFR 46.4 ± 9.8 mL/min/1.73 m2) were included. In the prevalent population, the risk of all-cause death {hazard ratio [HR] 1.107 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.064–1.153]}, HF hospitalization [HR 1.439 (95% CI 1.387–1.493)] and UACR progression [HR 1.323 (95% CI 1.182–1.481)] was greater in those patients with CKD and HF versus CKD only. For the incident population, 1594 patients with CKD without HF and 727 with CKD and HF were included. Within 24 months from the CKD diagnosis (with/without HF at baseline), 6.5% of patients developed their first HF hospitalization. Although 60.7% were taking RASis, only 3.4% were at maximal doses and among diabetics, 1.3% were taking sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors. Conclusions The presence of HF among CKD patients markedly increases the risk of outcomes. CKD patients have a high risk of HF, which could be partially related to insufficient treatment.
Editorial: Cytogenomics: Structural Organization and Evolution of Genomes

Department of Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Brazil, Faculty of Sciences, São Paulo State University, Bauru, Brazil, Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Agronomy, University of the Republic, Montevideo, Uruguay, Department of Organismal Biology—Systematic Biology, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden, School of Biological Sciences, Norwich Research Park University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
The Development of FAK Inhibitors: A Five-Year Update

Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase over-expressed in different solid cancers. In recent years, FAK has been recognized as a new target for the development of antitumor agents, useful to contrast tumor development and metastasis formation. To date, studies on the role of FAK and FAK inhibitors are of great interest for both pharmaceutical companies and academia. This review is focused on compounds able to block FAK with different potencies and with different mechanisms of action, that have appeared in the literature since 2017. Furthermore, new emerging PROTAC molecules have appeared in the literature. This summary could improve knowledge of new FAK inhibitors and provide information for future investigations, in particular, from a medicinal chemistry point of view.
Development and Validation of a Novel Score for Predicting Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation in Acute Ischemic Stroke

Atrial fibrillation (AF)—whether paroxysmal or sustained—increases the risk of stroke. We developed and validated a risk score for identifying patients at risk of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (pAF) after acute ischemic stroke (AIS). A total of 6033 patients with AIS who received 24 h Holter monitoring were identified in the Chang Gung Research Database. Among the identified patients, 5290 with pAF and without AF were included in the multivariable logistic regression analysis to develop the pAF prediction model. The ABCD-SD score (Age, Systolic Blood pressure, Coronary artery disease, Dyslipidemia, and Standard Deviation of heart rate) comprises age (+2 points for every 10 years), systolic blood pressure (−1 point for every 20 mmHg), coronary artery disease (+2 points), dyslipidemia (−2 points), and standard deviation of heart rate (+2 points for every 3 beats per minute). Overall, 5.2% (274/5290) of patients had pAF. The pAF risk ranged from 0.8% (ABCD-SD score ≤ 7) to 18.3% (ABCD-SD score ≥ 15). The model achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROCC) of 0.767 in the model development group. The ABCD-SD score could aid clinicians in identifying patients with AIS at risk of pAF for advanced cardiac monitoring.
Medium to Long-Term Clinical Outcomes of Spinal Metastasectomy

Simple Summary With the prolonged survival of metastatic cancer patients, medium to long-term outcomes of local therapy for oligometastases are important and should be discussed. Metastasectomy is a reasonable treatment for isolated lesions when feasible. This retrospective study aimed to examine the medium to long-term outcomes of spinal metastasectomy in 124 patients with isolated spinal metastases who underwent metastasectomy. The primary malignancy was renal cell carcinoma in 51 patients, thyroid carcinoma in 14 patients, low-grade sarcoma in 13 patients, lung cancer in 13 patients, breast cancer in 12 patients, and other malignancies in 21 patients. The 3-year and 5-year survival rates were 70% and 60%, respectively. Patients with thyroid cancer had the best survival results. The occurrence rates for the local recurrence of the operated spinal lesion and instrumentation failure were 10% and 22%, respectively. For certain patients with isolated and removable spine metastases, metastasectomy can be a useful treatment option. Abstract The prolonged survival of metastatic cancer patients highlights the importance of the local control of spinal metastases, which reduce patient performance status. This retrospective study examined the medium to long-term outcomes of spinal metastasectomy by evaluating 124 patients who underwent metastasectomy for isolated spinal metastases (2006–2018) with a postoperative follow-up for a minimum of 3 years. The findings present information on patient demographics (i.e., performance status, location of non-spinal metastases, and history of systemic therapy) and postoperative outcomes, including perioperative complications, disease progression of non-operated metastases, and additional excisional surgeries. Additionally, postoperative survival, local tumor control in the operated spine, and maintenance of spinal reconstruction without instrumentation failure were determined using Kaplan–Meier analyses. The primary malignancy was kidney and thyroid cancer in 51 and 14 patients, respectively, low-grade sarcoma and lung cancer in 13 patients, breast cancer in 12 patients, and other malignancies in 21 patients. The 3-year and 5-year survival rates were 70% and 60%, respectively. We found that patients with thyroid cancer had the best survival results, with local tumor recurrence and instrumentation failure at 10% and 22%, respectively. These findings suggest that for certain patients with isolated and removable spine metastases, metastasectomy can improve function and survival.
ANTHOCYANIN SYNTHESIS IN CORN ENDOSPERM TISSUE CULTURES . I . IDENTITY OF THE PIGMENTS AND GENERAL FACTORS

lar reference to leaf area and light microclimate. Aust. Jour. Agric. Res. 9: 299-319. 1958. 2. FREAR, D. E. H. Photo-electric apparatus for measuring leaf areas. Plant Physiol. 10: 569-574. 1935. 3. LANGER, R. H. M. Measurement of leaf growth in grasses. In: The Growth of Leaves, F. L. Milthorpe, ed. Pp. 197-198. Butterworths Scientific Publications, London 1956. 4. UNIVERSITY OF NOTTINGHAM. Proceedings Third Easter School in Agricultural Science. In: The Growth of Leaves, F. L. Milthorpe, ed. Pp. 195204. Butterworths Scientific Publications, London 1956.
Violent Video Games and Children’s Aggressive Behaviors: An Italian Study

The literature provides some evidence that the use of violent video games increases the risk for young people to develop aggressive cognitions and even behaviors. We aimed to verify whether exposure to violent video games is linked to problems of aggression in a sample of Italian children. Four questionnaires were administered to 346 children between 7 and 14 years of age, attending primary and secondary schools in Northern Italy. Variables measured were externalization, quality of interpersonal relationships, aggression, quality of coping strategies, and parental stress. Participants who preferred violent games showed higher scores for externalization and aggression. The use of violent video games and age were linked to higher levels of aggression, coping strategies, and the habitual video game weekly consumption of participants. Our data confirm the role of violent video games as risk factors for problems of aggressive behavior and of externalization in childhood and early adolescence.
A Cross-Sectional Time Course of COVID-19 Related Worry, Perceived Stress, and General Anxiety in the Context of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder-like Symptomatology

The COVID-19 pandemic within the United States of America resulted in over 800,000 deaths as of February 2022 and has been addressed by social distancing or stay-at-home measures. Collective prolonged multimodal trauma on this scale is likely to elicit symptomatology in the general population consistent with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), somatization, anxiety, and stress. The psychological component of this response contributes substantially to the burden of this disease worldwide. This cross-sectional study examines the relationship between COVID-19-related concern, anxiety, and perceived stress on PTSD-like symptomatology over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants were recruited via social media within the United States of America between 8th May 2020 and 11th August 2021 to complete an internet questionnaire including mood, personality, and COVID-19-specific scales. General anxiety and PTSD-like symptomatology were above the screening cutoffs for most respondents. These measures increased in severity over the pandemic, with the change point of our Concern scale preceding that of the other significant measures. Measures of COVID-19-related concern, generalized anxiety, and PTSD-like symptomatology were strongly correlated with each other. Anxiety, perceived stress, and PTSD-like symptomatology are strongly interrelated, increase with pandemic length, and are linked to reported levels of concern over COVID-19. These observations may aid future research and policy as the pandemic continues.
Complex Role of Microbiome in Pancreatic Tumorigenesis: Potential Therapeutic Implications

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related mortality with limited diagnostic and therapeutic options. Although immunotherapy has shown promise in the treatment of several cancers, its role in pancreatic cancer is rather limited. Several studies have focused on determining the role of the tumor microenvironment with cancer-cell-intrinsic events and tumor-infiltrating immune cellular properties. However, in the past decade, there has been emerging research aimed at delineating the role of the host microbiome, including the metabolites from microbes and host responses, on pancreatic tumorigenesis. Importantly, there is emerging evidence suggesting the beneficial role of a gut microbiome transplant to improve immunotherapeutic outcomes in cancer patients. In this review, we summarize the recent understanding of the role of the microbiome in pancreatic cancer progression, along with its clinical diagnostic and therapeutic implications.
Significance of MD Simulation in Pharmaceutical Sciences: A Review

Experimental methods for the analysis and characterization of pharmaceutical product, drug or any chemical substance, either at research level or commercial, are always time consuming, costly and require laborious efforts. In-silico characterization by molecular dynamics simulation technique can be utilize to analyze the physicochemical characteristic of any molecular system of pharmaceutical drug rather than just molecular systems of proteins or biological molecules. MD simulation also enables us to observe and visualize the interactions within given molecular system at atomic level and sub atomic level. The interpretations of simulation run predict any desire parameter like stability, thermodynamics and other characteristic on the basis of different bonding and non-bonding energies involve within the molecular system of drug. In recent years, different in-silico methods used to analyze the antiviral resistant mutations and discovery, the molecular motions and stability profile of antiviral drugs. Furthermore these techniques could be more beneficial in the field of pharmaceutical sciences and could enhance the precision of analysis and characterization of drugs and overcome the drawbacks of time consuming experimental methods. By MD simulation, the molecular motion and interaction of drugs with its environment can be visualized as 3D models that can never be done by in-vitro characterization methods.
Respiratory syncytial virus induces TARC and MDC in children who contracting from respiratory tract infection

: Background: Human RSV is belonged pneumovirus genus, pneumovirinea subfamily, with paramyxoviridae and order of Mononegavirales; it is the major etiological agent of respiratory tract illness particularly in children, and it provoke allergic and asthma exaggeration, so, the respiratory tract epithelial cell are stimulated and produce several chemokines such MDC and TARC that play a major role in asthma attach. Material and method : Molecular techniques are performed in this study such as RT-PCR and gene expression study. Results: Out of 230 children suffering from respiratory tract infection, 8 (8%) and 14 (14%) were detected with the respiratory syncytial virus type A and B respectively, and all epithelial cells of patients who have infected with RSV express TARC and MDC are essential role to have known severity and hyperresponsiveness of allergy. Conclusion: Measurement of host gene expression such as TARC and MDC, which increased level in allergy such as asthma, particularly in childhood, that induced by RSV are essential role to have known severity and hyperresponsiveness of allergy.
Transformées de Riesz associées aux opérateurs de Schrödinger avec des potentiels négatifs

Dans cette these nous etudions la bornitude des transformees de Riesz associees aux operateurs de Schrodinger avec des potentiels qui admettent des parties negatives.Cette etude a lieu dans un premier temps sur les espaces de Lebesgue Lp(RN, dx), puissur les espaces Lp(M, dx) ou M est une variete Riemannienne de type homogene et dans un dernier temps sur les espaces a poids Lp(RN,wdx). Nous considerons egalement,sur ces espaces a poids, la bornitude du calcul fonctionnel holomorphe associe et la bornitude des puissances negatives de l’operateur de Schrodinger.
Development of a General Health Score Based on 12 Objective Metabolic and Lifestyle Items: The Lifestyle and Well-Being Index

Healthy and unhealthy lifestyles are tightly linked to general health and well-being. However, measurements of well-being have failed to include elements of health and easy to interpret information for patients seeking to improve lifestyles. Therefore, this study aimed to create an index for the assessment of general health and well-being along with two cut-off points: the lifestyle and well-being index (LWB-I). This was a cross-sectional analysis of 15,168 individuals. Internally valid multivariate linear models were constructed using key lifestyle features predicting a modified Short Form 36 questionnaire (SF-36) and used to score the LWB-I. Categorization of the LWB-I was based on self-perceived health (SPH) and analyzed using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Optimal cut-points identified individuals with poor and excellent SPH. Lifestyle and well-being were adequately accounted for using 12 lifestyle items. SPH groups had increasingly healthier lifestyle features and LWB-I scores; optimal cut-point for poor SPH were scores below 80 points (AUC: 0.80 (0.79, 0.82); sensitivity 75.7%, specificity 72.3%)) and above 86 points for excellent SPH (AUC: 0.67 (0.66, 0.69); sensitivity 61.4%, specificity 63.3%). Lifestyle and well-being were quantitatively scored based on their associations with a general health measure in order to create the LWB-I along with two cut points.
The Unforgettable Cornerstone

Determining the pathogenicity of a given observed rare variant is a key challenge in genomic medicine. With regard to familial hypercholesterolemia, several approaches can aid in pathogenicity determination: computer prediction algorithms, in vivo or in vitro experimental evidence, familial segregation/correlation with low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels, and variant filtration based on population allele frequencies (1). We thank Mr. Anderson and colleagues for providing information regarding recent increases in the number of LDLR variants represented in the ClinVar database, a welcome addition to the annotation armamentarium. We plan to systematically incorporate and evaluate these annotations in ongoing gene sequencing studies, mindful that the quality of evidence in support of ClinVar annotations can be variable. Drs. Mascitellie and Goldstein discuss possible mechanisms of accelerated atherosclerosis in familial hypercholesterolemia beyond the lifelong elevation in atherogenic LDL cholesterol particles. A familial pattern of xanthomata, hypercholesterolemia, and premature coronary artery disease was first documented in 1938 (2). An abundance of human genetic, experimental, and clinical trial evidence in subsequent years has confirmed LDL cholesterol as both a causal and treatable risk factor in familial hypercholesterolemia (3). We believe the evidence base for mechanisms beyond LDL cholesterol to be substantially less robust; nevertheless, additional studies, such as a well-controlled study that performs comprehensive biomarker profiling in individuals with and without a familial hypercholesterolemia mutation, may prove informative. Despite the markedly increased risk observed in individuals with both severe hypercholesterolemia and a familial hypercholesterolemia mutation in our study (4), we agree that this risk does not imply inevitability and urge attention to lifestyle factors, consideration of early pharmacotherapy, and cascade screening of family members in such patients.
Embedding spanning structures in graphs and hypergraphs

In this thesis we prove three main results on embeddings of spanning subgraphs into graphs and hypergraphs. The first is that for log\(^5\)\(^0\) n/n \ ≤ p ≤ 1 – n \(^-\)\(^1\)\(^/\)\(^4\) log\(^9\) n, a binomial random graph G ~ G\(_n\)\(_,\)\(_p\) contains with high probability a collection of └\(\delta\)(G)/2┘ edge disjoint Hamilton cycles (plus an additional edge-disjoint matching if \(\delta\)(G) is odd), which confirms for this range of p a conjecture of Frieze and Krivelevich. Secondly, we show that any `robustly expanding' graph with linear minimum degree on sufficiently many vertices contains every bipartite graph on the same number of vertices with bounded maximum degree and sublinear bandwidth. As corollaries we obtain the same result for any graph which satisfies the Ore-type condition d(x) + d(y) ≥ (1 + \(\eta\))n for non-adjacent vertices x and y, or which satisfies a certain degree sequence condition. Thirdly, for \(\gamma\) > 0 we give a polynomial-time algorithm for determining whether or not a k-graph with minimum codegree at least (1/k + \(\gamma\))n contains a perfect matching. This essentially answers a question of Rodl, Rucinski and Szemeredi. Our algorithm relies on a strengthening of a structural result of Keevash and Mycroft. Finally and additionally, we include a short note on Maker-Breaker games.
and Signaling Interactions Alter IgE Receptor Expression Cutting Edge: CD4 T Cell-Mast Cell

Mast cell activation is associated with atopic and inflammatory diseases, but the natural controls of mast cell homeostasis are poorly understood. We hypothesized that CD4 (cid:1) CD25 (cid:1) regulatory T cells (Treg) could function in mast cell homeostasis. In this study, we demonstrate that mast cells can recruit both Treg and conventional CD4 (cid:1) T cells (Tconv). Furthermore, Treg, but not Tconv, suppress mast cell Fc (cid:2) RI expression. Despite the known inhibitory functions of IL-10 and TGF (cid:3) 1, Fc (cid:2) RI suppression was independent of IL-10 and TGF- (cid:3) 1 and required cell contact. Surprisingly, coculture with either Treg or Tconv cells suppressed IgE-mediated leukotriene C 4 production but enhanced cytokine production by mast cells. This was accompanied by a selective increase in Fc (cid:2) RI-mediated Stat5 phosphorylation, which is a critical medi-ator of IgE-mediated cytokine secretion. These data are the first direct demonstration that mast cells can recruit Treg and illustrate that T cell interactions can alter the mast cell response. The Journal of Immunology, 2008, 180: 2039–2043. cells and and By arachidonic
The ORC1 cycle in human cells: II. Dynamic changes in the human ORC complex during the cell cycle +

oscillates accumulates The behavior of in human demonstrates that ORCs2-5 form a that is present throughout the cell and which associates with ORC1 when it in G1 found in both nuclease-insoluble and The appearance of nuclease-insoluble ORCs2-5 non-chromatin nuclease-insoluble indicate in by tethering ORCs2-5 to dynamic shift is further required for the proteins onto Thus, the pre-replication complex in human cells may be regulated by the temporal accumulation of ORC1 in G1 nuclei.
A Bilinear-Quadratic Differential Game in Advertising.

Abstract : A dopolistic extension of the Vidale-Wolfe advertising model is formulated as a problem in differential games. An important feature of the problem is the presence of reaction terms driven by the difference in the advertising expenditures of the two duopolistic firms under consideration. Formula for the Nash Turnpike is derived using the maximum principle. Several competitive encounters with different parameters of the model are numerically solved. Tentative conclusions are drawn by analyzing these results. (Author)