Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Running head: BAYESIAN TESTS FOR BIOMEDICAL DESIGNS 1 A Comparison of the Bayesian and Frequentist Approaches to Equivalence, Non-Inferiority, and Superiority Designs

Clinical trials often seek to determine the equivalence, non-inferiority, or superiority of an experimental condition (e.g., a new drug) compared to a control condition (e.g., a placebo or an already existing drug). The use of frequentist statistical methods to analyse data for these types of designs is widespread. Importantly, however, frequentist inference has several limitations. Bayesian statistics remedies these shortcomings and allows for intuitive interpretations. The goal of the present article is twofold. First, we present baymedr, an R package that provides user-friendly tools for the computation of Bayes factors for equivalence, non-inferiority, and superiority designs (see also van Ravenzwaaij, Monden, Tendeiro, & Ioannidis, 2019). Second, we conducted simulations to contrast the performances of the Bayesian and frequentist equivalence and non-inferiority tests. We generated data sets with various true population effect sizes and sample sizes, which were analysed by the frequentist and Bayesian equivalence and non-inferiority tests. The resulting p-values and Bayes factors formed the basis for subsequent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses. The classification performances of the Bayesian tests were higher compared to their frequentist counterparts. Generally, the frequentist equivalence and non-inferiority tests demanded a high sample size to reach a proper power. Together with the theoretical advantages of Bayesian inference, this leads us to propose the adaptation of our state-of-the-art Bayesian tools for the analysis of equivalence, non-inferiority, and superiority studies.
Multi-Objective Operation-Leakage Optimization and Calibration of Water Distribution Systems

This study aims to develop and solve a multi-objective water distribution systems optimization problem incorporating pumps’ optimal scheduling and leakage minimization. An iterative optimization model was presented for calibrating and computing leakages in water distribution systems to recognize the critical impact of leakage control on system operation. The multi-dimensional and nonlinear optimization model, incorporating pump control, consumer demands, storage, and other water distribution systems’ components, was constructed and was minimized using a multi-objective genetic algorithm coupled with hydraulic simulations. The model was demonstrated on two example applications with increasing complexity through base runs and sensitivity analyses. Results showed that leakage minimization competes against pumping, mainly when significant differences occur between demands during low and high energy tariffs. Pumping during the periods with high electricity tariffs (when the demands are high) generated pressure distribution that decreased the overall leakage related to pump scheduling that replicated the natural inclination to pump as much as possible at low tariffs (when the demands are low). The optimal fronts were found to be very sensitive to the leakage exponent value, and changing its value indeed contradicted the balance between minimizing the leakage and the energy cost significantly. Altogether, the idea presented in this paper was found capable of facilitating the decision-makers to conveniently select between the energy-efficient pump scheduling and pump scheduling reflecting minimum leakage based on the system operator’s preferences. The research also paves the way to rebuild the optimization model by incorporating water distribution reliability and water quality that, in some cases, may also contradict the choice between energy cost and leakage minimization.
Relationship between Alcohol, Body Weight,

Objective: Recent studies suggest a lower risk for overweight/obesity in moderate alcohol drinkers. However, the validity of this relationship and its impact on the putative benefits of alcohol consumption on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk has not been well evaluated. Research Design and Methods: We assessed the impact of BMI on the relationship between alcohol consumption and CVD risk factors (blood pressure, lipid panel, and glucose and insulin concentrations) in 27,030 healthy Korean men with no major comorbidities or medication intake seen in a large urban Korean hospital. Results: BMI and overweight prevalence increased linearly with alcohol intake (p < 0.001). Alcohol intake was also positively associated with blood pressure and triglyceride, HDL, and fasting glucose concentrations (p < 0.001) and negatively associated with LDL and insulin concentrations (p < 0.001). With nondrinkers as the reference group, the odds ratio (OR) for having insulin in the top quartile also declined linearly when adjusted for age, BMI, smoking and exercise with the heaviest drinkers (>40 grams/day) having an OR [95% CI] of 0.71 [0.62-0.82] (p <0.001). The relationship between alcohol and CVD risk factors was similar in normal-weight and overweight individuals. Conclusions: Alcohol intake is associated with increasing BMI and several metabolic abnormalities, including higher fasting glucose. Paradoxically, it is also associated with lower insulin concentrations. The clinical significance of these findings needs further investigation .
Diurnal physiological response of tomato cultivation to the application of silicon under salinity conditions

Silicon (Si) has beneficial effects on the tolerance of plants to various biotic and abiotic stresses. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of Si nutrition in tomato grown under conditions of induced saline stress (S), on leaf temperature, chlorophyll fluorescence and stomatal conductance (gs). The experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions during the springsummer 2017 cycle. A randomized distributed plot design was used. In which the main plot was salinity [with NaCl or with standard nutrient solution (SNS)] and the subplot was the application of Si (0, 4, 8 g L). The variables were measured during the day. The results showed that the leaf temperature increased at dawn in plants with NaCl and at sunset the effect was reversed and the highest values were in plants with SNS. At noon, Si × S interaction was identified in the photosynthetic efficiency (Fv/Fm) and minimal fluorescence (Fo) variables. The maximum fluorescence (Fm) was more affected by the type of salinity, with the highest values of plants with SNS. It was concluded that the diurnal physiological response of the tomato plant grown under saline conditions, will depend on the type of salt used and the dose of Si, especially at early and late hours of the day.
DNA Barcode Reference Library Construction and Genetic Diversity and Structure Analysis of Amomum Villosum Lour. Populations in Guangdong Province

Lu Gong Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-12450506 Danchun Zhang Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Xiaoxia Ding Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Wan Guan Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Xiaohui Qiu Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Zhihai Huang (  zhhuang7308@163.com ) Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine
New temperature and oxygen fugacity data of Martian nakhlite from Northwest Africa (NWA) 5790 and implications for sulphur degassing depth

Newly analysed titanomagnetite–ilmenite (Tim–Ilm) intergrowths from Martian nakhlite meteorite Northwest Africa (NWA) 5790 yielded crystallisation temperature up to 1032°C and oxygen fugacity (fO2) up to ΔQFM + 1.6, notably higher than previous estimates for nakhlite magmas (temperature < 950°C, fO2 = ΔQFM-1 to ΔQFM + 1). To interpret how the magma was reduced from ΔQFM-1 to ΔQFM + 1.6, we used D-Compress to model the sulphur degassing process. For fO2 to significantly decrease in this extended range, the sulphur-rich Martian magma had to degas all the sulphur species at a certain final degassing pressure, which was 2–4 bar for NWA 988 and Lafayette and < 0.7 bar for Y-000593 and Nakhla. These final degassing pressure data are in good agreement with the Martian nakhlite burial depth estimated by other petrological and geochemical methods. These estimates are also comparable with the excavation depth of ~ 40 m based on the small (6.5 km in diameter) impact crater over the Elysium lava plain. The fO2-controlled sulphur degassing pressure may constitute a method for estimating the burial depth of sulphur-rich lava flows on Mars.
Joint Multi-Pitch Detection and Score Transcription for Polyphonic Piano Music

Research on automatic music transcription has largely focused on multi-pitch detection; there is limited discussion on how to obtain a machine- or human-readable score transcription. In this paper, we propose a method for joint multi-pitch detection and score transcription for polyphonic piano music. The outputs of our system include both a piano-roll representation (a descriptive transcription) and a symbolic musical notation (a prescriptive transcription). Unlike traditional methods that further convert MIDI transcriptions into musical scores, we use a multitask model combined with a Convolutional Recurrent Neural Network and Sequence-to-sequence models with attention mechanisms. We propose a Reshaped score representation that outperforms a LilyPond representation in terms of both prediction accuracy and time/memory resources, and compare different input audio spectrograms. We also create a new synthesized dataset for score transcription research. Experimental results show that the joint model outperforms a single-task model in score transcription.
Hospital-Acquired Escherichia coli Infection including OXA- 48 Gene: Case Report

Florada en çok bulunan bakterilerden olduğundan dolayı E. coli ’ye karşı direnç gelişimi, özellikle karbapenemaz üreten suşların gelişimi, istenmeyen durumların başında gelmektedir. Hastanemizde iki hastanın klinik örneklerinden OXA-48 direnç genine sahip E. coli izolatları izole edilmiştir. OXA-48 direnç genine sahip E. coli izolatlarının izole edildiğinin bildirilmesi ve bu direnç geninin bu mikroorganizmalarda yayılmasının engellenmesi konusunda dikkatlerin çekilmesi amacıyla bu vakaların bildirilmesinin faydalı olacağı düşünülmüştür.
Overexpression of Osimertinib-resistant ABCG2 in Non-small cell lung cancer cells

Objective: Osimertinib is one of the commonly used chemotherapeutic drugs for treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Nonetheless, the eventual resistance developed by cancer cells to Osimertinib has led to limitations in its application. Accordingly, there is a significant need for identifying means of reversing Osimertinib resistance.Method: The CCK-8 method was employed in detecting cell proliferation and toxicity. Western blot analysis detected protein expression, cell invasion analysis was performed using transwell assays, and the concentration of Osimertinib was determined using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Result: In this study, we constructed Osimertinib-resistant cells, thus indicating the vital role of ABCG2 expression in formation of drug-resistant cells. Down-regulating ABCG2 expression in drug-resistant cells can reduce the lung cancer cells’ IC50, degree of proliferation and invasion. Combining use of ERK and PI3K inhibitors to inhibit ABCG2 expression is superior to employing a single inhibitor. Conclusion: Inhibiting the expression of ABCG2 can reverse the resistance of NSCLC cells to Osimertinib. Overexpression of ABCG2 is caused by the coactivation of the MAPK and the PI3K/AKT pathways.
Construction of Novel Immune-Related LncRNA Signature and its Potential Prediction of Immune Status in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Background: The accuracy of the existing biomarkers in predicting the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is not satisfactory. It is necessary to explore biomarkers that can accurately predict the prognosis of HCC.Materials and methods: In this study, the original transcriptome data was downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Immune-related long non-coding ribonucleic acids (irlncRNAs) were identified by co-expression analysis, and different expression irlncRNA (DEirlncRNA) pairs were distinguished by univariate analysis. Besides, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) penalized regression was modified. Next, the cut-off point was determined based on the area under the curve (AUC) and Akaike information criterion (AIC) values of the 5-year receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) to establish an optimal model for identifying high-risk and low-risk groups in HCC patients. The model was then reassessed in terms of clinicopathological features, survival rate, tumor-infiltrating immune cells, immunosuppressive markers, and chemotherapy efficacy.Results: A total of 1009 pairs of DEirlncRNA were recognized in this study, 30 of which were included in the Cox regression model for subsequent analysis. After regrouping according to the cut-off point, we can more effectively identify factors such as aggressive clinicopathological features, poor survival outcomes, specific tumor immune infiltration status, the high expression level of immunosuppressive biomarkers, and low sensitivity to chemotherapy drugs in HCC patients.Conclusions: The non-specific expression level signature involved in irlncRNAs shows a promising clinical value in predicting the prognosis of HCC patients.
EFFECT OF PRENATAL ETHANOL EXPOSURE AND EXTRACT OF TAMARINDUS INDICA PULP ON THE CEREBRAL CORTEX OF WISTAR RATS

Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of ethanolic pulp extract of Tamarindus indica (EPTI) on the cerebral cortex in prenatal ethanol exposure in Wistar rats. Method: Twenty four pregnant rats were divided into 7 grou ps. The Control received 1ml of water, Groups 2 and 3 received 200m g/kg and 300mg/kg body weight (bw) of EPTI and Vitamin E respectively, Gro up 4 received 0.1ml of olive oil, Group 5 received 30%v/v of ethanol, Groups 6 a nd 7 received 30% v/v of ethanol and 200mg/kg bw of EPTI; and 30% v/v of eth anol and 300mg/kg bw of Vitamin E respectively. All administrations were vi a oral route, from prenatal day 7 to 14. At littering the brain tissues of the pups were collected for histological studies while some pups were used for Neurobehavior al studies. Results: The result of elevated plus maze test showed signi fica t increase in the time spent in the closed arm, rearing and grooming in Group 5 compared to the Control (p<0.05). Histological studies showed norma l architecture in Groups 1, 2, 3 and 4, Group 5, 6 and 7 showed degenerative chang es compared to the Control. Conclusion: Treatments with EPTI and Vitamin E have shown some potential protective effects on the Cerebral cortex of Wistar rats during prenatal ethanol
Propofol Combined with Fentanyl Is Superior to Propofol Alone in Sedation Protocols for Painless Gastrointestinal Endoscopy

Sufficient propofol or fentanyl doses necessary to prevent the response to skin incision do not necessarily reduce hemodynamic responses during surgery. The purpose of this study was to characterize the pharmacodynamic interaction between propofol and fentanyl with respect to the sedative effects and safety during painless gastrointestinal endoscopy. From October 2018 to October 2020, 200 patients undergoing painless gastrointestinal endoscopy in our department’s outpatient or inpatient clinic were selected and randomly divided into a control group and an observation group, 100 patients per group. Prior to surgery, the patients in the two groups were required to be connected to an electrocardiogram monitor and then were instructed to lie on the left side and receive continuous oxygen infusion of 2-3 L/min with a nasal cannula. The control group was injected with propofol injection (100 mg/min). The observation group was given fentanyl intravenous injection at a dose of 0.1 μg/kg followed by propofol injection (100 mg/min). Painless gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed after the patients entered a sleep state and the eyelash reaction disappeared. Outcome analysis was performed on preoperative and intraoperative hemodynamic indicators, including heart rate, blood oxygen saturation, dose of propofol, time for endoscopy, recovery time, hospitalization after recovery, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score, and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score. The incidence rate of adverse reactions in the observation group was 6%, which was notably lower than that of the control group (18%). The total response rate of the observation group was 98%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (90%) ( ). The intraoperative heart rate and blood oxygen saturation of the observation group were higher than those of the control group ( ). The patients receiving sedation with propofol plus fentanyl had fewer doses of propofol and shorter recovery time than those receiving propofol alone ( ). It was also revealed that the patients receiving sedation with propofol plus fentanyl exhibited more MoCA and MMSE scores than those receiving propofol alone 30 min after sedation during painless gastrointestinal endoscopy. Taken together, sedation with propofol combined with fentanyl was more effective and safer than that with propofol alone in painless gastrointestinal endoscopy, which can ensure a wake-up state, stable breathing cycle, and better gastrointestinal painless procedure.
What’s In a Name: Issues in Triangulating Self-Reported Emotion to Establish Trustable Labels

Multipass labelling is one way to add richness and reliability to self-reports of emotions. However, consideration of alternative data sources and perspectives of the same event stream exposes conflicts which must be resolved at analysis time in a way that provides an estimate of confidence and validity. As part of a larger project that is exploring the feasibility of labelling emotion transitions rather than emotion state, this paper aims to initiate a discussion of practical issues and open questions triggered as we proceed to classify and analyze an unusual dataset with triangulated labels: (1) resolving classification details like label resolution differences (continuous vs discrete) and data instance granularity (size of data windows); and (2) considering what it means to have confidence in the consistency or accuracy between different types (passes) of data labelling.
MiR-92a-3p promote s invasion and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by targeting PTEN

Background MiR-92a-3p has been reported to play a part in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a leading type of lethal cancer around the world. In this study, we explored the function and mechanism of miR-92a-3p in HCC. Methods Firstly, the expression of miR-92a-3p in HCC along with its relationship with PTEN was analyzed through biological information. To investigate the impact of miR-92a-3p on the migration and invasion of HCC cells, we performed scratch wound healing and transwell assays. Next, RT-qPCR, western blot and dual luciferase reporter gene assays were conducted to determine whether PTEN is targeted by miR-92a-3p, which was then verified through rescue assays. Afterwards, in vivo animal experiments were carried out to determine the function of miR-92a-3p in HCC tissues. As an established fact, PETN is an anti-oncogene with frequent mutation inactivation in human cancers. Thus, we used the database to predict the mutation of PETN and its mutation frequency. Finally, CRISPR-cas12a was applied to detect the R130Q mutation on PETN in HCC clinical samples. Results This study found that the migration and invasion of HCC could be suppressed by inhibiting miR-92a-3p, which regulates the proliferation, migration and invasion of HCC through the regulation of PETN. The bioinformatics analysis indicated higher mutation frequency of R130Q/G/L* site on the PETN gene, and greater impact of R130Q site mutation on the progression of HCC. CRISPR-cas12a detected 26 cases of R130Q mutations on PTEN in 40 HCC clinical samples Conclusion Collectively, this study revealed that miR-92a-3p promoted the invasion and migration of HCC by targeting PTEN, and that the stability of PETN also affected the development of HCC, which may enrich and deepen our knowledge on the progression of HCC.
Abstractive Summarization of Long Medical Documents with Transformers

Using transformer models, we perform the task of long-document summarization through the use of an extractive and abstractive step. Abstractive summarization of long documents is limited by transformer’s ﬁnite context windows; the extractive step allows us to generate a representative sample of the entire text to feed into our abstractive model. We use this summarization approach to create abstracts for medical papers within the PubMed dataset. This approach has potential for wider applications summarizing long documents. Additionally, work like this may serve as an initial step towards the task of automated understanding of technical language. Our results show that the use of pre-trained transformers lead to improvements in the extractive step and potential qualitative improvements in the abstractive step.
On the Use of Safety Certification Practices in Autonomous Field Robot Software Development A Systematic Mapping Study

Robotics has recently seen an increasing development, and the areas addressed within robotics has extended into domains we consider safety-critical, fostering the development of standards that facilitate the development of safe robots. Safety standards describe concepts to maintain desired reactions or performance in malfunctioning systems, and inﬂuence industry regarding software development and project management. However, academia seemingly did not reach the same degree of utilisation of standards. This paper presents the ﬁndings from a systematic mapping study in which we study the state-of-the-art in developing software for safety-critical software for autonomous ﬁeld robots. The purpose of the study is to identify practices used for the development of autonomous ﬁeld robots and how these practices relate to available safety standards. Our ﬁndings from reviewing 49 papers show that standards, if at all, are barely used. The majority of the papers propose various solutions to achieve safety, and about half of the papers refer to non-standardised approaches that mainly address the methodical rather than the development level. The present study thus shows an emerging ﬁeld still on the quest for suitable approaches to develop safety-critical software, awaiting appropriate standards for this support.
Mixed H-Infinity and Passive Synchronization of Markovian Jumping Neutral-Type Complex Dynamical Networks with Randomly Occurring Distributed Coupling Time-Varying Delays and Actuator Faults

Department of Mathematics, Rajamangala University of Technology Suvarnabhumi, Nonthaburi 11000, ailand PG and Research Department of Mathematics, C. Abdul Hakeem College (Autonomous), Melvisharam 632509, TamilNadu, India PG and Research Department of Mathematics, Sacred Heart College (Autonomous), Tirupattur 635601, TamilNadu, India Department of Mathematics, Maejo University, Chiang Mai 50290, ailand Institute for Intelligent Systems Research and Innovation, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia Department of Mathematics, Phuket Rajabhat University, Phuket 83000, ailand Department of Mathematics, iruvalluvar University, Serkkadu, Vellore 632115, TamilNadu, India Department of Mathematics, India International Center for Basic and Applied Sciences, Anand International College of Engineering, Jaipur 302029, India